bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ieskats vārddarināšanas jautājumos Jāņa Endzelīna darbos
Authors: Frīdenberga Anna 
Published: December 2024

Raksts veltīts Jāņa Endzelīna devumam latviešu valodas vārddarināšanas jomā. J. Endzelīns vārddarināšanas jautājumiem savos darbos pievērsies vairākos aspektos. Vēsturiskā aspektā latviešu valodas vārddarināšanas sistēma aplūkota J. Endzelīna zinātniskajos darbos, savukārt praktiski ieteikumi vārdu darināšanā un valodas kultūras jautājumos skarti, piem., Rīgas Latviešu biedrības Valodniecības nodaļas sēdēs, kur 20. gs. 30. gados daudz tiek runāts par jaunu terminu darināšanu.
Vairākiem ar vārdu darināšanu saistītiem jautājumiem J. Endzelīns pievērsis īpašu uzmanību, tie arī aplūkoti rakstā. Piem., J. Endzelīns skaidrojis dažādu vārddarināšanas afiksu izmantošanu jaunu vārdu darināšanā, pievērsdams uzmanību dažu darinājumu atšķirībām semantikā – sub­stantīviem ar piedēkli -īb- un -um-, adjektīviem ar -īg- un -isk-, -ēj- un -īg- u. c. Valodniecības nodaļas sēdēs daudzkārt spriests par attiecīgā afiksa lietojuma kļūdu. J. Endzelīns uzskata par latviešu valodai neatbilstošiem vairākus salikteņu darināšanas modeļus un to vietā iesaka dažādus darinājumus ar piedēkli -kl-.
Sniedzot ieteikumus par jaunu vārdu, terminu darināšanu, J. Endzelīns balstās uz vairākiem principiem. Divi galvenie J. Endzelīna principi jaunu vārdu darināšanā ir latviešu valodas tradīcija, lietotās likumības, kā arī formu un konstrukciju senums, salīdzinājums ar lietuviešu valodu. Runājot par tradīciju, J. Endzelīns bieži piemin vārddarināšanā nozīmīgo analoģijas principu, kā arī uzsver, ka būtiski ievērot vārddarināšanas celmu, no kura darina konkrētos atvasinājumus, un konkrēto piedēkļu nozīmi. J. Endzelīnam svarīgs arī valodas ekonomijas princips. Jauni termini darināmi pēc valodā eksistējošiem paraugiem, un, atvasinot jaunus vārdus, jāpārzina konkrētā afiksa semantika, kā arī jaunvārdiem jāiekļaujas latviešu valodas vārddarināšanas sistēmā. Ļoti būtiskas J. Endzelīnam ir saites starp baltu valodām, kopīgas leksikas piemēri.
PERBEDAAN HASIL TANGKAPAN BELUT SAWAH (Monopterus albus) MENGGUNAKAN BUBU PIPA PARALON DENGAN PENAMBAHAN LUBANG DAN TANPA PENAMBAHAN LUBANG DI DESA TANJUNG TANAH KABUPATEN KERINCI
Authors: Halim Muhammad Abdul , H Afriani , Farizal Farizal 
Published: December 2024

Belut (Monopterus albus) merupakan ikan dari keluarga Synbranchidae dan tergolong ordo Synbranehoidae, yaitu tidak meiliki sirip atau anggota lain untuk bergerak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil tangkapan belut sawah dengan menggunakan alat tangkap bubu pipa paralon dengan penambahan lubang dan tanpa penambahan lubang di Desa Tanjung Tanah Kabupaten Kerinci. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari tanggal 10 September 2021 - 9 Oktober 2021 di Desa Tanjung Tanah Kabupaten Kerinci. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode experimental fishing yaitu metode penangkapan secara langsung oleh peneliti. Data yang dihimpun dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah (ekor), berat (gram/ekor), panjang (cm), dan lingkar badan (cm), kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan lubang pada bubu pipa paralon menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) baik pada jumlah maupun berat hasil tangkapan belut. Jumlah hasil tangkapan belut pada bubu pipa paralon dengan penambahan lubang sebanyak 175 ekor dengan total berat 4760 gram dan pada bubu tanpa penambahan lubang sebanyak 151 ekor dengan total berat 3977 gram. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa bubu dengan penambahan lubang mendapatkan hasil tangkapan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan bubu tanpa penambahan lubang baik dari segi jumlah maupun berat hasil tangkapan.
Kata Kunci: bubu paralon, penambahan lubang, belut
Invisible nationhood on the path of visible nation‑building. A sketch of the public status of the Roma nationality from dualism to state socialism
Authors:   HUN-REN CSS ILS, Timár Balázs 
Published: December 2024

The main aim of this study is to describe the public situation of the Hungarian Roma between 1867 and 1945. From the point of view of Hungarian history, the period under study is divided into two parts, since before the First World War we can speak of a multiethnic and multicultural state, while after 1918 the question of a very heterogeneous Roma population in an ethnically homogeneous country arises. Within this system, I would like to interpret the limits of the possibilities of nation-building by the Gypsies, especially with regard to the extent to which they were recognised as a separate nationality and the extent to which they were denied their own culture, language, and customs. The paper also aims to show how they were marginalized from the periphery, how they became declassed elements in the Hungarian society of the time.
Platnosť právnych predpisov v kontexte judikatúry Ústavného súdu Slovenskej republiky
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Právnická fakulta, Dobrovičová Gabriela 
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses selected findings of the Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic that relate to the topic of validity of law as an attribute for the existence of law. It aims at the analysis of decisions that reflect the change in the ruling of the Constitutional Court regarding its jurisprudence on the validity and effectiveness of legal regulations. It presents critical thoughts about the acceptance of duplicity in the publication process of legal regulations issued by the bodies of the state administration and challenges it as a legal condition for the validity of these legal regulations. It particularly negatively evaluates the decision of the Constitutional Court to suspend the effectiveness of the challenged legal act before the legal act becomes valid.
„Obsahovo presýtené ústavy“ a súčasný ústavný vývoj v strednej Európe
Authors:   Národná univerzita pre verejnú službu – HUN-REN, Halász Ivan ,   Spoločenskovedné výskumné centrum v Budapešti
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the current constitutional development in Centrel Europe from the aspect of their growing content.Naturally, every constitution is the product of a specific age, society and political mentality. However, since the 18th century, there has been a core of content that modern constitutions should have. The content of the world‘s constitutions would range from modest and narrow constitutions to saturated constitutions with many declarative and innovative elements. After the fall of communist regimes in 1989, the first type was more fashionable in the Central European region, but the last decades of crisis and technical progress brought with it the expansion of the content of constitutions. These trends are also evident in Central Europe. Many novel and ideological elements characterize mainly the Hungarian Fundamental Law adopted in 2011. The classical tradition is mostly followed by the Czech Constitution of 1993. The Polish Constitution of 1997, which is the most stable and balanced constitution in the region, is partly in a similar situation, but the constituent forces also had to make some ideological compromises when it was born (invocatio Dei, definition of family and agricultural economy etc.) The current Slovak constitution from 1992 is in the intermediate position. It was born in the period, for which was typical moderate attitude, but the Slovak parliament know to change its content in the relativelly easy mode.
Současný stav harmonizace smluvních pravidel
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, Novotný Jiří 
Published: December 2024

According to the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU, the Union adopts measures designed to ensure the functioning of the internal market in accordance with the relevant provisions of its founding treaties. One of these measures is measures to approximate the provisions of the legal and administrative regulations of the Member States in order to achieve the right balance between achieving a high level of consumer protection and promoting the competitiveness of businesses. Fundamental to achieving the intended goal of creating and securing an internal market across member states was the intention to harmonize the substantive private law of member states through the adoption of contract law rules. At the turn of the millennium, the Commission initiated the creation of a Common Reference Framework, which was supposed to provide clear definitions of legal terms, basic principles and interconnected model rules of contract law based on the EC acquis and the best solutions found in the legal systems of the member states. However, more than twenty years have passed since this initiative of the Commission. The presented article deals with the current state of harmonization of private law with the question, which areas of private law are currently crucial for ensuring the functioning of the internal market?
Právo a politika
Authors:   Ústav štátu a práva SAV, Bárány Eduard 
Published: December 2024

Statutory law and international law are products of politics. They regulate different spheres of society which do not operate in accordance with interests and will of society and especially it´s elites. In a state governed by the rule of law any activity of government needs a legal base. Politics regulates itself by law. It is the source of mi sure of law in political contest. There are various ways of this abuse, but the worst is any connection of criminal law with politics.
Paradoxy právnej regulácie v súčasnej spoločnosti
Authors:   Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Filozofická fakulta, Katedra sociológie, Lubelcová Gabriela 
Published: December 2024

The contribution is devoted to sociological reflection on the paradoxes that stand before the legal system as a key normative social system in the conditions of the current individualized and fragmented society with the particularization of its functional systems. Questions arise: Is the requirement of legal certainty possible in conditions of changeable reality? How to achieve functional adaptability of law? It is a call for internal changes in the principles of positive law (especially public law): from „defining“ law to „negotiating“ law, from law in a codified form, defining the desired state, to law regulating rules for agreement, negotiation of differentiated interests plugged in actors.
Zákon o meste Košice v kontexte mestských častí
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Fakulta verejnej správy, Andrejčák Jozef 
Published: December 2024

The paper is focused on the latest amendment to the Act No. 401/1990 Coll. on the City of Košice. The amendment in question concerned the parts that regulate the conditions for resolving the boundaries of the city districts of the city of Košice. The legislator approved the deletion of the possibility of holding a local referendum in the city district that would be affected by the potential merger or creation of new city districts. This step can also be seen as creating a more efficient space that allows the city council to implement a new arrangement of city districts.
At the same time, however, some city districts are talking about the loss and withdrawal of the right to hold a local referendum on the issue of a possible solution to the change in the number of city districts, as one of the forms of direct implementation of self-government.
One of the problems of territorial self-government in the Slovak Republic is the high number of municipalities and the resulting several problems. This also applies to the city of Košice, which faces several problems due to its high number of city districts, compared to neighboring countries. One of the current issues is therefore the reform of the municipality of Košice.
Agreement as one of the alternative ways for the exercise of local self‑government in Slovakia
Authors:   P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Public Administration, Král Rastislav , Vernarský Martin ,   P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Public Administration
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a view of the current environment of local self-government in Slovakia in the context of the possibilities for municipalities to involve consensus elements, especially the institute of agreement, in the performance of public administration. The article presents the purpose and role of the agreement as an obligatory or optional element in achieving the goals and fulfilling the tasks of public administration. It introduces agreement as a prerequisite for the establishment, change or termination of legal relations. At the same time, it presents examples where the agreement itself is an instrument for the exercise of public authority.
Specifika skončení pracovního poměru mezi spolkem a jeho členem výpovědí ze strany spolku
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, Neklová Markéta Dittrich 
Published: December 2024

In this paper I present a current issue on the confines of labor law and law of civil associations („spolek“). Namely, termination of employment of an ex-member of the association in question. The issue is still hotly contested and pending before courts, and presents an intriguing interplay of civil, labour, and even penal law.
Zaměstnanci nebo OSVČ? První rozhodnutí evropských soudů
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, Obadalová Kateřina 
Published: December 2024

Article focuses on dependent work within work based on digital platform as Wolt, Bolt or Uber and another companies. Nowadays are most of them waiting for the result which new european directive stating work conditions will bring and what changes are they going to make in relation with implementation this directive into legal system. Before it will happen, let have a look at the european courts's decision and its opinion on whether these wokers can be considered as employees or not.
Důvěra v právo jako vyjádření vztahu společnosti a práva
Authors:   Masarykova univerzita, Právnická fakulta, Večeřa Miloš 
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of trust is reflected not only in the field of interpersonal relations, but also in the sphere of trust in law, social institutions and society. Trust in law can be understood as the reliance of legal persons and society on justice and the functionality of law as a system of legal norms and legal relationships. It expresses the belief and recognition of law as a means of functional organization of the affairs of individuals, social groups and society. Trust in law is a part of individual, group and social legal consciousness and contributes to the acceptance of the law and its legitimacy in society. It represents one of the prerequisites for the functioning of a democratic state as a rule of law.
Operacionální teorie práva
Authors:   University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, Czech Republic, Cvrček František 
Published: December 2024

The author of the article proposes the concept of creating an operational theory of law, which is based on linguistic and legal analysis of data, i.e. complete sets of legal documents. By theory in this sense, we mean a conceptual structure that explicates data. It is clear from the studies to date that the normative concepts of classical theory of law cannot be operationalized. The author sees the starting point in recognizing atomic legal terms and creating networks representing their relations. Theoretical concepts are functions operating above an empirical structure.
Právně filosofické aspekty umělé inteligence
Authors:   Univerzita Karlova, Právnická fakulta, Koloušek Martin 
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the philosophical implications of legal decision making by the means of artificial intelligence tools. Through the perspective of philosophies of Aristotle and Ludwig Wittgenstein it is shown that the nature of law is deeply connected to the social and political nature of men and the interpersonal nature of language and norms. On this basis, the paper argues that an important element of the functioning of law is trust, a trust between people, that exists on the basis of humans being political animals. Any AI tool fails this condition, and therefore is not suitable to make legal decisions.
Chvála populismu
Authors:   Univerzita Karlova, Právnická fakulta, Maršálek Pavel 
Published: December 2024

The author of this paper attempts to rethink the dominant a priori negative conception of populism. He sees populism as a correction of politics that has become too far removed from the people. He shows that it is not anti-democratic. The author finds the meaning of populism in protecting society from social instability and cultural destruction.
Path Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology to Help Improve the Quality of International Student Enrollment in China
Authors: Liang Yueqiao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
International student education is an important part of the internationalization of Chinese higher education, and the promotion of “The Belt and Road Initiative” has put forward higher requirements for the enrollment of international students studying in China, and it is of great significance to improve the quality of enrollment. In this paper, we extracted the data related to the enrollment and academic performance of international students from the academic affairs management system of each school and then pre-processed the data through data cleaning, normalization and desensitization. Then, we use the Apriori and C4.5 decision tree algorithm to mine the association rules between different influencing factors and the enrollment quality of international students and apply the decision tree to assist the decision-making of enrollment. Subsequently, the enrollment management system is constructed to realize the path of artificial intelligence technology to help improve enrollment quality. The results of association rule mining show that there are multiple association rules between different influencing factors and enrollment quality (with a minimum confidence level of 80%) and that international students’ intercultural communication ability and academic performance should be considered in the enrollment process. The empirical application of the enrollment management system found that the ideological quality of international students at the enrollment survey increased from 4.017 scores in 2020 to 9.221 scores in 2022, which verified that the enrollment system is an effective path to improve the enrollment quality of international students. The enrollment management system proposed in this paper can effectively provide decision-making reference and help for the enrollment of international students coming to China, and provide an effective path to improve the quality of international student enrollment in each school.
Research on the Path of Civic and Political Construction of Physical Education Curriculum in Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on Big Data Analysis Technology
Authors: Li Fang , Zhang Jian , Li Shaoming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The traditional high school physical education classroom teaching mode often focuses only on learning sports skills and knowledge and ignores the rich civic-political elements contained in sports. This paper constructs an index system for the construction of Civics and Politics in physical education courses based on vocational colleges and universities and identifies a total of 4 level 1 indexes through screening, which are Civics and Politics objectives, Civics and Politics teaching, Civics and Politics resources, and Civics and Politics evaluation. Taking 25 vocational colleges and universities in a certain province as the research object, using data mining method and K-means clustering method to cluster analyze the level of the construction of sports course ideology and politics in each school, the 4 evaluation indicators were classified into 3 major types. According to the results of the type evaluation, the types of sports program construction of different schools were determined. Subsequently, the data were discriminantly analyzed, and the clustering model and discriminant function were constructed to discriminate between established cluster types and known data. The accuracy and error rates were calculated, and a total of 15 institutions were identified as being in the general type. An optimization path for the construction of sports curriculum civics was proposed. The experimental subjects were selected to apply the path of the Civic and Political Construction of Physical Education Courses in Vocational Colleges and Universities to test the implementation effect of the optimization path of the Civic and Political Construction of Physical Education Courses. The results showed that the average values after the experiment were higher than those before the experiment. They were improved by 0.887, 1.034, 1.113, 0.941, 0.966, 1.121, 1.331, 1.279, and 1.124, respectively, which showed that the Physical Education Courses Civic Building Optimization has better results in the improvement of Civic Education.
Combined with social network analysis of the art of local folk songs and cultural heritage of national music
Authors: Yang Yue 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As an indispensable carrier of information dissemination, social networks have added new vitality to all kinds of information dissemination and, at the same time, brought new opportunities to national music culture inheritance. Aiming at the current development and inheritance status of local folk songs, this paper improves the original SIR model, establishes a set of kinetic evolution equations based on the SIR model, adds the strategy of employing network pushers to dispel rumors, and puts forward an improved model for the dissemination of ethnic music culture in online social networks. Then, through further analysis, based on the results of social network topological analysis, parameter values are set, and the dynamic design of simulation is carried out for the infection rate, conversion rate, immunization rate, and derivation rate of the improved model, respectively. Grasping the law of information dissemination of the current social network platform provides a theoretical basis for controlling the benign information dissemination of ethnic music culture. The survey on the perception degree of local folk songs of respondents from different regions and the scores of respondents on the dissemination methods of local folk songs, in which the dissemination method of “media and social platforms” got a score of 6.02, effectively indicating that social media platforms can be further used as a carrier for the dissemination of local folk songs and ethnic music culture. Increasing the infection rate β and derivation rate λ, decreasing the conversion rate α and decreasing the immunity rate γ in the social network can maximize the dissemination of local folk songs and promote the effective inheritance of ethnic music culture.