bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fate of the DAIR, Outcomes after 1 Year: A Large Database Study
Authors: Grant Andrew R. , Nin Darren Z. , Chen Ya-Wen , Niu Ruijia , Esantsi Michael , Talmo Carl T. , Hollenbeck Brian L. , Chang David C. , Mattingly David A. , Smith Eric L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDebridement with antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) is commonly utilized for treatment of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), particularly in cases of acute PJI. Reported success rates of DAIR have been highly variable, but the overall success rate of DAIR cohort studies is approximately 70 to 80%. However, no large database studies have investigated the success rate of DAIR. Therefore, we seek to provide a framework for large-database analysis of PJI interventions and their outcomes and to assess the success rate of DAIR. We queried the MarketScan Database for patients who underwent a DAIR (CPT 27310 and/or CPT 27486) procedure for indication of PJI (ICD-10 T84.53 OR T84.54) between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021. We identified reoperations (i.e., stage 1 revision, amputation, or arthrodesis) indicating failure of DAIR. Failure of DAIR treatment was defined by subsequent reoperation. We also identified prescriptions of suppression antibiotics more than 6 months after DAIR. We identified 1,018 patients who underwent a DAIR procedure for PJI. Of these patients, 195 (19.2%) underwent reoperation within 1 year and an additional 178 (17.5%) were prescribed suppressive antibiotics. For 780 patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up, 164 (21%) underwent reoperation and an additional 179 (22.9%) were prescribed suppressive antibiotics. Patients with obesity and patients younger than 60 years had significantly higher rates of having reoperation or suppressive antibiotics at 1 year following DAIR. DAIR is a viable option in the treatment of PJI, with an approximately 19% rate of reoperation at 2 years. Our findings are consistent with that of previously published literature.
Kienbock's Disease and the Risk Factors Associated with Reoperation: A SPARCS Database Review over 10 Years
Authors: Abola Matthew V. , Anil Utkarsh , Lin Charles C. , Richardson Michelle , Gonzalez Matthew , Smith Lauren , Yang S. Steven 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to utilize a large multi-institutional database to identify risk factors associated with the need for revision surgery and to determine revision rate in patients who underwent operative treatment of Kienbock's disease (KD).
Materials and Methods The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database was reviewed to identify patients who underwent any surgical procedure with a diagnosis of KD from 2011 to 2021. The control cohort diagnoses included primary osteoarthritis of the carpus or wrist. All statistical calculations were performed using R version 4.2.2 (The R Foundation, Vienna, Austria).
Results There were a total of 499 patients in the KD cohort and 6,823 patient controls. The KD cohort was significantly younger, had a greater proportion of females, and higher rates of obesity. The control cohort, on average, had more comorbidities as evidenced by the higher Elixhauser Index compared with the KD cohort. Overall revision rate for KD patients was 12% (n = 59). None of the index procedures were more likely to be revised compared with wrist arthrodesis. Compared with the control cohort, patients with KD were less likely to undergo revision surgery. At 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year intervals, KD patients maintained a lower revision rate compared with controls. Risk factor for eventual revision included worker's compensation status and protective factors included older age, a diagnosis of Kienbock's, male sex, obesity, and higher Elixhauser Index.
Conclusions In a large multi-institutional analysis, patients who underwent surgical treatment of KD experienced a lower revision rate over a 10-year period compared with arthritic controls. Compared with the single-institution cohorts published, the overall KD revision rate was higher (12%) but similar to the published literature, the KD revision rate is lower than the same procedures for non-KD controls.
Level of Evidence Therapeutic, IV.
Role of Cell-Free DNA in Relapsed Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Baa Annie Kanchan , Sharma Atul , Singh Mayank , Gupta Ashna , Biswas Ahitagni , Bharti Sacchidanand Jee , Thakar Alok , Kumar Rajeev , Pramanik Raja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Owing to the aggressive biology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), new biomarkers that can facilitate the diagnosis and tracking of tumour growth are the need of the hour. Liquid biopsy has emerged as an easier tool than tissue biopsy to monitor the emergence of treatment resistance or the recurrence of disease at the molecular level.
Objectives To assess the role of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker for relapsed HNSCC.
Materials and Methods This study is a Phase 2 interventional study (NCT: CTRI/2020/02/023378) that assessed the response rates of a new triplet drug regimen in refractory or relapsed HNSCC. Thirty-five patients underwent blood sampling before the commencement of therapy and at 3 months of treatment. Isolation of cfDNA was done using magnetic beads (molecular weight near 170 kb) for quantification.
Results Twenty-eight patients had comparable data at baseline and after 3 months of
treatment. The mean cfDNA reading at baseline was 8.9 ng/μL (range: 2.6 -7.3 ng/μL) of blood. The cfDNA concordance with clinical and radiological outcomes was 54.2%. The patients who responded to therapy were compared over time with patients who did not respond. Repeated measures testing found a significant difference (p 1?4 0.0035) in changes to the cfDNA levels of these two groups.
Conclusion This study posits the potential value of liquid biopsy in the treatment of
recurrent HNSCC. Our findings prove the clinical relevance as well as limitations of
cfDNA, which warrant extrapolation in an upfront setting too.
Outcomes with Methotrexate-Free Dyad Chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma Patients: Audit from a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Dimri Kislay , Garg Sudhir Kumar , Pandey Awadhesh Kumar , Arora Aanchal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective To determine the disease free and overall survival of osteosarcoma patients and to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting OS for patients with localized disease.
Introduction Multiagent chemotherapy forms the backbone for the management of osteosarcoma. The globally accepted chemotherapy regimens for osteosarcoma include a combination of Adriamycin, cisplatin, and high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX). However, non-HDMTX regimens are predominantly used in India, secondary to patient profile, toxicity, administration, logistics, and financial constraints. We present our outcomes with a two-drug dyad chemotherapy consisting of Adriamycin and cisplatin in a resource-limited setting.
Material and Methods The study was a record-based analysis of all osteosarcoma patients presenting at a tertiary care referral center during the period from 2010 to 2019. A total of 127 patients of osteosarcoma were identified, who were evaluated for their demographic and clinical profile, while treatment details and outcomes were evaluated in 123 patients as disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate analysis was done for factors influencing OS.
Results The median age at presentation was 18 years and extremities were the most common site of presentation. Localized disease (LD) was seen in 102 (80%) patients, while 25 (20%) patients had metastatic disease (MD). Overall, 83 (84%) patients with LD underwent surgery, of whom 65 (78%) underwent limb salvage surgery, while 18 (22%) underwent amputation. Only 72 (73%) patients completed the planned six cycles of chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 50.4 (range: 1–166.3) months, the 5-year OS for patients with LD and the entire cohort was 53 and 43%, respectively. For patients with MD, the 1- and 2-year OS were 41 and 7%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year DFS for patients with LD was 41 and 35%, respectively. Primary tumor measuring less than 12 cm (p = 0.03) and patients undergoing surgery (p = 0.003) were found to be statistically significant for improved OS on univariate analysis but not on multivariate analysis.
Conclusion The two-drug dyad chemotherapy was well tolerated with manageable toxicity. The outcomes were comparable with Indian studies using non-HDMTX regimens that report a 5-year survival of within 50 to 60%, but were inferior to global outcomes and the dose-dense OGS-12 protocol used in India. Raising awareness for early diagnosis, improving the nutritional status, incorporation of sequential third drug (ifosfamide), use of dose-intensive regimens for selected patients, and increasing compliance to treatment may further help improve the outcomes.
15.3.6 Quinoline 1-Oxides and Quinolinium Salts (Update 2025)
Authors: Das A. , Sarmah B. K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractQuinoline 1-oxides and quinolinium salts are used extensively as synthetic intermediates for various organic transformations. They are also found as privileged cores in various bioactive molecules. Therefore, there has been a continuous effort focused on the synthesis of such compounds. In this review, recent synthetic protocols to afford such compounds are compiled, with literature reports from 2005 to 2023 included. In addition to the most common oxidation routes from the parent quinoline moiety, including biocatalytic methods, this contribution also features synthetic routes using different starting materials, often based on nitroarene precursors. Synthetic protocols for the preparation of quinolinium salts based on addition or annulation strategies are also covered.
Radiation effects of 5 MeV proton on Ni/β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhou Leidang , Ma Teng , Zhao Penghui , Chen Liang , Yang Tao , Lei Zhifeng , Lu Xing , Yang Sen , Ouyang Xiaoping 
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the effects of 5 MeV proton irradiation on the static electrical characteristics of Ni/β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes without and with NiO rings (SBDs and RSBDs), with a total irradiation fluence of 1 × 1013 cm−2. The results indicated that the proton irradiation damage decreased the current level of the SBDs and RSBDs due to the reduced net carrier concentration of β-Ga2O3 by about 50% other than the impact on the Schottky contact. On the one hand, the reduced net carrier concentration increased the on-resistance, resulting in a reduction in the forward saturation current by approximately one order of magnitude. On the other hand, because the leakage current mechanism was dominated by the Poole–Frenkel emission process and Fowler–Nordheim tunneling process, the reduced net carrier concentration degraded the electric fields in the irradiated SBDs and RSBDs, reducing the effect of the NiO guard ring and, meanwhile, leading to a lower leakage current after proton irradiation. In addition to being associated with the temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V–T) results, the proton irradiation also suppressed the Poole–Frenkel emission process and increased the tunneling barrier height of SBDs and RSBDs. In this case, the breakdown voltage of the SBDs and RSBDs increased by approximately 2–4 times. In addition, the Technology Computer Aided Design simulations showed a reduced discrepancy between the peaks of the electric field of SBDs and RSBDs after irradiation, leading to the comparable leakage current of SBDs and RSBDs, which confirmed the weakening of the NiO guard ring’s effect.
Phasal polarity in Suansu
Authors: Ivani Jessica K. , Zakharko Taras 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This contribution provides a descriptive account of the phasal polarity domain (encompassing the concepts not yet, already, still, and no longer) in Suansu, using a corpus of naturalistic and semi-spontaneous data. It aims at filling the descriptive gap of this category in Tibeto-Burman and frames the properties of Suansu phasal polarity system within a cross-linguistic framework. Findings reveal that Suansu expresses these concepts through various means, including versatile verbs, discourse markers, aspectual markers, and dedicated forms. Results also show that Suansu phasal polarity domain revolves around an interconnected semantic network based on internal negation, polarity change, and actualization (or existence) at the reference point.
Existence and stability results for time-fractional Schrödinger equations Related to the harmonic oscillator
Authors: Sivashankar M , Sabarinathan S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The implications of the Schrödinger equation is profound, revealing the wave-particle duality of matter, the concept of superposition, and the probabilistic nature of quantum measurements. Its solutions provide critical insights into the behavior of atoms, molecules, and subatomic particles, forming the foundation for much of modern physics and technology. This article is concerned with the existence and uniqueness of solutions for Schrödinger equation that involve fractional differential equations using the Caputo method with initial conditions, as well as exploring the Hyers-Ulam stability of the Schrödinger equation was investigated when the relevant system has a potential well of finite depth using a fixed-point approach. Finally, we present the graphical representation for the Schrödinger equation related to the harmonic oscillator.
Sn-doped ZnO nanostructure deposited with free-catalyst chemical vapor deposition route: optical, electrical and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Ahmed G , Mohamed W S , Hasaneen M F , Saadallah H A A , Ali H M , Ibrahim E M M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, the free-catalyst chemical vapor deposition technique is used for synthesizing SnxZn1-xO, x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 nanostructures. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that all of the samples have crystallized into a pure hexagonal-wurtzite structure without any impurities or secondary phases. The effect of adding Sn on the structural parameters, including crystallite size, bond length, lattice strain, unit cell, volume, and dislocation density of ZnO, is studied. Electron microscopy investigation proves that increasing the Sn concentration is associated with a transformation in the morphology from needles- to flakes-like shape. A blue shift in the optical energy gap is observed when Sn4+ cations are incorporated into the ZnO network structure, according to the UV-visible spectra in coincidence with the Burstein–Moss model. The electrical conductivity measurements reveal typical semiconductor features of the synthesized nanostructures where the thermally activated electrical conduction mechanism dominates. The photocatalytic mechanism is defined, and the rate constants and photodegradation efficiency are calculated. It is found that the photocatalytic properties are improved at an optimum doping ratio rather than rising linearly with the doping level. The Sn0.04Zn0.96O compound demonstrates the best photocatalytic capacity when exposed to UV light and attains the maximum degradation efficacy of 63.8% after irradiation for 180 min (photodegradation rate constant of 5.2 × 10−3).
An experimental study on the magnetic field permeability of an inductive-pulsed plasma thruster
Authors: Che 车 Bi-Xuan 碧轩 , Wu 吴 Jian-Jun 建军 , Cheng 程 Mou-Sen 谋森 , Li 李 Xiao-Kang 小康 , Zhang 张 Yu 宇 , Guo 郭 Da-wei 大伟 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Inductive-pulsed plasma thruster is an in-space propulsion device that generates thrust by ionizing and accelerating plasma through pulsed electromagnetic field. In this paper, the correlation between plasma structure evolution and magnetic field permeability is studied using a B-dot probe array system, combing with high-speed camera and electrical parameter measurement. Further discussions explained the mechanism how the magnetic permeation characteristics affect the energy deposition between circuit and plasma.
Study on the Relationship Between Hardness and Stiffness of Damping Rubber Material
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Jun , Shi Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Damping rubber materials have high elasticity, significant deformation capacity, and excellent damping performance. As the core material of rubber vibration damping products, they are widely used in applications where there is severe vibration and shock. However, during use, these materials are prone to aging reactions, leading to performance degradation and loss of value. Currently, most companies use stiffness as an indicator for evaluating the performance of rubber vibration damping products. However, the measurement process of stiffness is complex and may affect the service life of vibration damping products. Hardness is a key mechanical parameter for rubber materials and is more suitable for evaluating the aging degree of damping rubber materials. This paper selects two materials, NR and NBR, and subdivides them into six samples based on hardness. Under accelerated aging conditions, this paper conducted a 90-day aging experiment. The relationship curves of four parameters with aging time were discovered, including hardness, hardness change rate, stiffness, and stiffness change rate. The study found that the trend of the hardness curve and stiffness curve of the same material with aging time remained consistent. The rate of change in stiffness and hardness gradually decreased within 75 days, and then sharply decreased. At the same time, an equation that describes the relationship between hardness and stiffness is obtained, This provides experimental support for the method of evaluating the aging degree of damping rubber materials based on hardness parameters.
Optimization Design of Acoustic Black Hole and Micro-Perforated Plate Composite Structure
Authors: Lu Feng , Wang Xiaoming , Mei Yulin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
By combining theoretical analysis, finite element simulation, and experimental measurement, and utilizing powerful computer simulation technology, an optimization design method has been explored to improve the sound absorption performance of structures composed of micro perforated plates and acoustic black holes. First, based on the transfer matrix method, the total transfer matrix of the composite structure of acoustic black holes and micro-perforated plates is established. Through MATLAB programming, the reflection coefficient curve of the structure is calculated and compared with the finite element simulation results. Then, the simulated annealing algorithm, a computer optimization technique, was used to establish an optimization model for the structure of the acoustic black hole tube, aiming to ensure the high-frequency sound absorption performance as much as possible, and to improve the low-frequency sound absorption performance by changing the size of each cavity of the acoustic black hole. Finally, the micro-perforated plate is placed at the entrance of the main pipe to further optimize the structure to expand the effective sound absorption bandwidth and improve octaves of the reflection coefficient below 0.2. The results show that by optimizing the radius of the acoustic black hole cavity, the lower limit frequency of the effective absorption band obtained by the transfer matrix method is expanded from 1136 Hz to 239 Hz, and the broadband effective absorption in the range of 239-2030 Hz is realized. After adding a micro-perforated plate to the front end of the acoustic black hole, the lower limit frequency obtained by the transfer matrix method is expanded from 239 Hz to 228 Hz, and the upper limit frequency is expanded from 2030 Hz to 2318 Hz. The bandwidth is expanded by 16.7 % and has 3.35 octaves. The lower limit frequency obtained by the finite element method is expanded from 264 Hz to 240 Hz, and the upper limit frequency is expanded from 1875 Hz to 2225 Hz. The bandwidth is expanded by 23.2 % and has 3.21 octaves. These results not only validate the effectiveness of optimization design methods, but also demonstrate the enormous potential of computer simulation and optimization algorithms in acoustic structure design, providing new ideas and directions for future acoustic engineering research.
Investigation of the Transient Gas-solid Flow in Launching System Charged with a Complex Propellant Bed
Authors: Chen An , Yu Yonggang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This work focuses on the characteristics of the particle distribution in the transient gas-solid flow during the ignition process of the modular charge (MC). A three-dimensional (3D) unsteady two-phase flow model is developed by the gas-particle coupled method for the module rupture and the particle motion. The effect of the initial loading position of the module (MILP) on the particle distribution characteristics is numerically simulated. The results show that particles distribute in the area between the module bottom and the right end face of the chamber under four conditions. The particle accumulations show two kinds of accumulation from left to right. They are the horizontal shape and the slope one, respectively. As the initial loading distance increases from 20mm to 80mm, the axial length of the horizontal shape shortens from 331mm to 227mm, that of the slope one increases from 149mm to 193mm, while the thickness of the horizontal shape is decreased. The heights of the slope accumulation in four working conditions are increased exponentially along the axis.