bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testosterone propionate activated the Nrf2-ARE pathway in ageing rats and ameliorated the age-related changes in liver
Authors: Zhang Guoliang , Cui Rui , Kang Yunxiao , Qi Chunxiao , Ji Xiaoming , Zhang Tianyun , Guo Qiqing , Cui Huixian , Shi Geming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of testosterone propionate (TP) on age-related liver changes via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE) pathway in aged rats. Aged rats received subcutaneous injections of TP (2 mg/kg/d, 84 days). Oxidative stress parameters and the expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b), Kelch-like ECH associating protein-1 (Keap1), Nrf2, haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) in liver tissues were examined to check whether the Nrf2-ARE pathway was involved in the age-related changes in liver. Our results showed that TP supplementation alleviated liver morphology, liver function and liver fibrosis; improved oxidative stress parameters; and increased the expression of STAT5b, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 and decreased the expression of Keap1 in the liver tissues of aged rats. These results suggested that TP increased the expression of STAT5b, and then activated the Nrf2-ARE pathway and promoted antioxidant mechanisms in aged rats. These findings may provide new therapeutic uses for TP in patients with age-related liver changes.
Surface Detection of THC Attributable to Vaporizer Use in the Indoor Environment
Authors: Sempio Cristina , Lindley Emily , Klawitter Jost , Christians Uwe , Bowler Russell P. , Adgate John L. , Allshouse William , Awdziejczyk Lauren , Fischer Sarah , Bainbridge Jacquelyn , Vandyke Mike , Netsanet Rahwa , Crume Tessa , Kinney Gregory L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe number of cannabis users increased up to 188 million users worldwide in 2017. Smoking and vaping are the most common consumption routes with formation of side-stream smoke/vapor and secondhand exposure to cannabinoids has been described in the literature. External contamination of hair by cannabis smoke has been studied but there are no studies on third-hand cannabis exposure due to deposition of smoke or vapor on surfaces. We tested whether cannabinoids could be detected on surfaces and objects in a room where cannabis is vaporized. Surface samples were collected using isopropanol imbued non-woven wipes from hard surfaces and objects. Each surface was swabbed three times with standardized swabbing protocol including three different patterns. Samples were analyzed using LC-ESI-MS/MS in combination with online extraction. THC was detected on 6 samples out of the 15 collected in the study room at quantifiable levels ranging 348–4882 ng/m2. Negative control samples collected from areas outside the study room were all negative. We demonstrated that surfaces exposed to side-stream cannabis vapor are positive for THC at quantifiable levels. This study represents a first step in understanding how side-stream cannabis vapor deposits in the environment and potentially results in a tertiary exposure for users and non-users.
Bio-Inspired Active Skins for Surface Morphing
Authors: Park Yujin , Vella Gianmarco , Loh Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMechanical metamaterials that leverage precise geometrical designs and imperfections to induce unique material behavior have garnered significant attention. This study proposes a Bio-Inspired Active Skin (BIAS) as a new class of instability-induced morphable structures, where selective out-of-plane material deformations can be pre-programmed during design and activated by in-plane strains. The deformation mechanism of a unit cell geometrical design is analyzed to identify how the introduction of hinge-like notches or instabilities, versus their pristine counterparts, can pave way for controlling bulk BIAS behavior. Two-dimensional arrays of repeating unit cells were fabricated, with notches implemented at key locations throughout the structure, to harvest the instability-induced surface features for applications such as camouflage, surface morphing, and soft robotic grippers.
Polarization in social media assists influencers to become more influential: analysis and two inoculation strategies
Authors: Garibay Ivan , Mantzaris Alexander V. , Rajabi Amirarsalan , Taylor Cameron E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis work explores simulations of polarized discussions from a general and theoretical premise. Specifically the question of whether a plausible avenue exists for a subgroup in an online social network to find a disagreement beneficial and what that benefit could be. A methodological framework is proposed which represents key factors that drives social media engagement including the iterative accumulation of influence and the dynamics for the asymmetric treatment of messages during a disagreement. It is shown that prior to a polarization event a trend towards a more uniform distribution of relative influence is achieved which is then reversed by the polarization event. The reasons for this reversal are discussed and how it has a plausible analogue in real world systems. A pair of inoculation strategies are proposed which aim at returning the trend towards uniform influence across users while refraining from violating user privacy (by remaining topic agnostic) and from user removal operations.
Sodium Channel Nav1.5 Controls Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasiveness in Breast Cancer Cells Through its Regulation by the Salt-Inducible Kinase-1
Authors: Gradek Frédéric , Lopez-Charcas Osbaldo , Chadet Stéphanie , Poisson Lucile , Ouldamer Lobna , Goupille Caroline , Jourdan Marie-Lise , Chevalier Stéphan , Moussata Driffa , Besson Pierre , Roger Sébastien 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLoss of epithelial polarity and gain in invasiveness by carcinoma cells are critical events in the aggressive progression of cancers and depend on phenotypic transition programs such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Many studies have reported the aberrant expression of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) in carcinomas and specifically the NaV1.5 isoform, encoded by the SCN5A gene, in breast cancer. NaV1.5 activity, through an entry of sodium ions, in breast cancer cells is associated with increased invasiveness, but its participation to the EMT has to be clarified. In this study, we show that reducing the expression of NaV1.5 in highly aggressive human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells reverted the mesenchymal phenotype, reduced cancer cell invasiveness and the expression of the EMT-promoting transcription factor SNAI1. The heterologous expression of NaV1.5 in weakly invasive MCF-7 breast cancer cells induced their expression of both SNAI1 and ZEB1 and increased their invasive capacities. In MCF-7 cells the stimulation with the EMT-activator signal TGF-β1 increased the expression of SCN5A. Moreover, the reduction of the salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) expression promoted NaV1.5-dependent invasiveness and expression of EMT-associated transcription factor SNAI1. Altogether, these results indicated a prominent role of SIK1 in regulating NaV1.5-dependent EMT and invasiveness.
Synthetic gel structures in soils for sustainable potato farming
Authors: Smagin Andrey , Sadovnikova Nadezhda , Smagina Marina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAnti-pathogenic protection of potatoes remains one of the most pressing problems of sustainable agronomy and plant protection. For this purpose, we propose to use a new type of synthetic hydrogels filled with amphiphilic recipients (dispersed peat, humates) and modern plant protection products. We assumed that the introduction of swollen gel structures into the rhizosphere of potatoes will allow us: to optimize the water supply and productivity of potatoes; to protect the fertile layer and potato tubers from the main pathogens; to fix modern plant protection products in the rhizosphere, keeping them from leaching and entering the environment. Preliminary laboratory experiments tested the anti-microbial activity of gel structures, as well as their water retention, dispersity and hydraulic conductivity with subsequent computer modeling of the water exchange and root uptake in the system of “soil-gel-potato”. Field trials were carried out in humid (European Russia) and arid (Uzbekistan) conditions under the atmospheric precipitation and irrigation on different soils and potato varieties with instrumental monitoring of environment, potato growth and quality. All experimental results confirmed the high efficiency of water-accumulative and plant protective synthetic gel structures. Their usage sufficiently (up to 6–15 t/hct) increases the potato yield with 1.3–2 times water saving, complete retention of agrochemicals in the rizosphere, and its actually total protection against major potato pathogens, including late blight (Phytophthora infestans).
Stretchable Graphene Thin Film Enabled Yarn Sensors with Tunable Piezoresistivity for Human Motion Monitoring
Authors: Bai Mingxuan , Zhai Yujiang , Liu Fu , Wang Yanan , Luo Sida 
Published: December 2019

Abstract1D graphene based flexible sensors as wearable electronics have recently attracted considerable attentions because of lightweight, high extensibility, easy to wind and weave, and superior sensitivity. In this research, we established a facile and low-cost strategy to construct graphene thin film enabled yarn sensors (GYS) by combining the process of graphene oxide (GO) coating and reducing on polyester (PE) wound spandex yarns. According to systematic processing-property relationship study, a key finding of this work discovers that the degree of resistance recovery as well as gauge sensitivity of GYS can be well controlled and modulated by a pre-stretch treatment. Specifically, as the level of pre-stretch increases from 0 to 60%, the deformable range of sensor that guarantees full resistance recovery prolongs evidently from 0% to ~50%. Meanwhile, the gauge factor of GYS is tunable in the range from 6.40 to 12.06. To understand the pre-stretch process dependent sensing performance, SEM analysis was assisted to evidence the growing size of micro-cracks determining dominantly the behavior of electron transport. Lastly, to take better advantage of GYS, a new wearing mode was demonstrated by direct winding the yarn sensor on varied portions of human body for monitoring different body movements and muscle contracting & relaxing.
Oral Face-to-Face Versus Online Administration of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering/Child
Authors: St. Louis Kenneth O. , Myers Lauren E. , Barnes Madison Flick , Saunders Meredith A. , Hall Becca M. , Weidner Mary E. 
Published: December 2019

Background

The Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering/Child (POSHA-S/Child;
Weidner & St. Louis, 2014
) is a standard instrument designed to measure the attitudes of children as young as 3 years of age toward stuttering. With preschool and early elementary school–aged children, the POSHA-S/Child is administered individually and face-to-face by an examiner. Older children who are satisfactory readers could be expected to respond to the instrument online, an increasingly popular mode of administering surveys.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare administration of the POSHA-S/Child in face-to-face versus online administration.

Method
Children primarily from 1 elementary school and children from other areas in the region responded to the POSHA-S/Child in either a face-to-face individual setting or online. Three grade levels were included: 3rd grade, 4th grade, and 5th grade.

Results
POSHA-S/Child ratings for individual items, components, subscores, and the Overall Stuttering Scores from the 2 modes of administration were similar.

Conclusion
With satisfactory reading abilities, children aged 9 years and older can be administered the POSHA-S/Child online with similar results as face-to-face administration.
Akute peripartale Gefahrensituationen im Rettungsdienst
Authors: Strauss Alexander , Rath Werner , Gräsner Jan-Thorsten 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie meist akute Natur perinataler Notfallsituationen in Kombination mit einem
eingeschränkten diagnostischen Zugang, aber auch den begrenzten
therapeutischen Interventionsmöglichkeiten ist der prähospitalen
und z.T. aber auch der klinischen Geburtshilfe immanent. Das Erfordernis rascher
und zielgerichteter Maßnahmen kann sich dabei sowohl aus
mütterlicher, als auch aus kindlicher Indikation ergeben. Wie im
Rettungsdiensteinsatz bei Schwangeren allgemein üblich, kommt auf Basis
der Ersteinschätzung des Notarztes auch und gerade bei perinatalen
Notfällen dem Logistikmanagement (u.a. Transportzeit/-art,
Auswahl des Transportziels) wegwei-sende Bedeutung zu. Konkret sind diesem
Zusammenhang nicht-fachtypische geburtshilfliche Notfallsituationen von
spezifisch schwangerschaftsbedingten peripartalen Notfällen abzugrenzen.
Darunter sind im Wesentlichen der Formenkreis hypertensiver
Schwangerschaftserkrankungen, Blutungen, Thrombosen aber auch Embolien zu
verstehen. Sich seltene und wenig gut vorhersehbare Gefahrensituationen durch
standardisierte Entscheidungsprogramme erschließbar zu machen, fordert
zur Unterstützung der rettungsdienstlichen Ergebnisqualität
umfängliche, hier in Rahmen der Serie Geburtshilfliche Notfälle
vorgelegte, Informations-/Schulungskonzepte.
Treatment of the Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in International
Therapy Guidelines: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Schönfeldt-Lecuona Carlos , Kuhlwilm Lilli , Cronemeyer Maximilian , Neu Peter , Connemann Bernhard J. , Gahr Maximilian , Sartorius Alexander , Mühlbauer Viktoria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a
potentially life-threatening condition associated to the use of
antipsychotics. Since it requires rapid and efficient medical care,
high-quality treatment guidelines should be available. In this article, we
analyzed and compared different international therapy guidelines for the
treatment of schizophrenia, in which NMS treatment recommendations might be
contained.
Methods We performed an Internet-based search for schizophrenia
guidelines via the website of the respective medical society. Guidelines in
English, French, Italian, and German from countries whose medical care meets
high standards were selected for further analysis and comparison of the NMS
treatment recommendations (if present), and their underlying evidence.
Results The NMS is mentioned in 12 of 14 guidelines. Only 9 report
concrete therapy recommendations
(benzodiazepines/dantrolene/bromocriptine/amantadine/intensive
care and/or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)), however, with high
heterogeneity. Only 5 guidelines included all possible drug therapy options
and ECT, but with differing combination strategies, dosages, application
forms, and combinability of options. The level of evidence of the different
recommendations was estimated as low.
Discussion One-third of the selected guidelines do not report any NMS
therapy recommendations. Most guidelines mentioning the NMS do not provide
therapy recommendations that include all relevant treatment options. The
results show a very high heterogeneity, and the recommendations and
statements are of low-evidence levels. The lack of knowledge about the NMS
and its treatment may delay the onset of therapy, impair the quality of
treatment, and lead to a worse outcome or death.
Ethenesulfonyl Fluoride (ESF) and Its Derivatives in SuFEx Click Chemistry and More
Authors: Meng Yan-Ping , Wang Shi-Meng , Fang Wan-Yin , Xie Zhi-Zhong , Leng Jing , Alsulami Hamed , Qin Hua-Li 
Published: December 2019

The sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange reaction (SuFEx), developed by Sharpless and co-workers in 2014, is a new category of click reaction that creates molecular connections with absolute reliability and unprecedented efficiency through a sulfur(VI) hub. Ethenesulfonyl fluoride (ESF), as one of the most important sulfur(VI) hubs, exhibits extraordinary reactivity in SuFEx click chemistry and organic synthesis. This review summarizes the chemical properties and applications of ESF in click chemistry, organic chemistry, materials science, medicinal chemistry and in many other fields related to organic synthesis.1	Introduction2	Chemical Transformations of ESF3	Chemical Transformations of 2-Arylethenesulfonyl Fluorides4	Novel SuFEx Reagents Derived from ESF5	Applications of ESF Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry6	Applications of ESF Derivatives in Materials Science7	Conclusion
Role of Mac‐1 integrin in generation of extracellular vesicles with antibacterial capacity from neutrophilic granulocytes
Authors: Lőrincz Ákos M. , Bartos Balázs , Szombath Dávid , Szeifert Viktória , Timár Csaba I. , Turiák Lilla , Drahos László , Kittel Ágnes , Veres Dániel S. , Kolonics Ferenc , Mócsai Attila , Ligeti Erzsébet 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTProduction of extracellular vesicles (EVs) involved in intercellular communication is a common capacity of most cell types. Upon encountering opsonized microorganisms, neutrophilic granulocytes release EVs that compromise bacterial growth. We carried out a systematic investigation of the involvement of potential opsonin receptors in EV‐generation from human and murine neutrophils. Applying flow cytometric, proteomic and functional analysis as well as using genetically modified mice, we demonstrate that formation of antibacterial EVs depends upon stimulation of the multifunctional Mac‐1 integrin complex, also called as complement receptor 3 (CR3), whereas activation of immunoglobulin binding Fc receptors or pattern recognition receptors alone or in combination is ineffective. Mac‐1/CR3 stimulation and downstream tyrosine kinase signalling affect both the numbers, the cargo content and the antibacterial capacity of the produced vesicles. In contrast, Mac‐1/CR3 signalling is not required for spontaneous EV formation, clearly indicating the existence of separate molecular pathways in EV biogenesis. We propose that EVs are “tailor‐made” with different composition and functional properties depending on the environmental circumstances.
The role of kinetic inductance on the performance of YBCO SQUID magnetometers
Authors: Ruffieux S , Kalaboukhov A , Xie M , Chukharkin M , Pfeiffer C , Sepehri S , Schneiderman J F , Winkler D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Inductance is a key parameter when optimizing the performance of superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers made from the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x
(YBCO) because lower SQUID inductance L leads to lower flux noise, but also weaker coupling to the pickup loop. In order to optimize the SQUID design, we combine inductance simulations and measurements to extract the different inductance contributions, and measure the dependence of the transfer function V
Φ and flux noise

S

Φ

1

/

2

on L. A comparison between two samples shows that the kinetic inductance contribution varies strongly with film quality, hence making inductance measurements a crucial part of the SQUID characterization. Thanks to the improved estimation of the kinetic inductance contribution, previously found discrepancies between theoretical estimates and measured values of V
Φ and

S

Φ

1

/

2

could to a large extent be avoided. We then use the measurements and improved theoretical estimations to optimize the SQUID geometry and reach a noise level of

S

B

1

/

2

= 44 fT/

Hz

for the best SQUID magnetometer with a 8.6 mm × 9.2 mm directly coupled pickup loop. Lastly, we demonstrate a method for reliable one-time sensor calibration that is constant in a temperature range of several kelvin despite the presence of temperature dependent coupling contributions, such as the kinetic inductance. The found variability of the kinetic inductance contribution has implications not only for the design of YBCO SQUID magnetometers, but for all narrow linewidth SQUID-based devices operated close to their critical temperature.
Smooth and Beta-Beating-Free Optics Transitions for HL-LHC
Authors: De Maria R. , Solfaroli M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the CERN LHC, optics transitions are mainly required to control the beam size at the four experimental interaction points. The current method, based on linearly-interpolated optics functions over a small set of matched optics and parabolic time-domain segments, introduces non-zero beta-beating and it is not optimal in time. This contribution presents an alternative approach, based on continuously-matched optics solutions distributed in time domain by using a realistic model of the superconducting circuits, which optimises the overall process duration. This method requires a change in the paradigm used in the control system and it is proposed for the future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) runs.
US contribution to the High Luminosity LHC Upgrade: focusing quadrupoles and crab cavities
Authors: Apollinari Giorgio , Carcagno Ruben , Ambrosio Giorgio , Feher Sandor , Ristori Leonardo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the early 2000’s, the US High Energy Physics community contributing to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) launched the LHC Accelerator R&D Program (LARP), a long-vision focused R&D program, intended to contribute to a quick LHC commissioning and to bring the Nb3Sn and other technologies to a maturity level that would allow applications in HEP machines. Around 2015, the technologies developed by LARP, CERN and other institutions were mature enough to allow the spin-off of a major upgrade project to the LHC complex, the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) [3]. This paper will focus on the US contribution to HL-LHC, namely the large-aperture low-β focusing Nb3Sn quadrupoles and the Radio Frequency Dipole (RFD) Crab Cavities, located in close proximity to the ATLAS and CMS experiments. This contribution, called the HL-LHC Accelerator Upgrade Project (HL-LHC AUP), focuses on production of these quadrupoles and cavities by sharing the work among a consortium of US Laboratories (FNAL, LBNL, BNL and SLAC) and Universities and in close connection with the CERN-led HL-LHC Collaboration. The collaboration achieved commonality of specifications and uniformity of performance. Final development of design, construction and first results from the prototypes are described to indicate the status of these critical components for HL-LHC.
Study of Beam-Gas Interactions at the LHC for the Physics Beyond Colliders Fixed-Target Study
Authors: Boscolo Meneguolo C , Abramov A , Bruce R , Cerutti F , Ferro-Luzzi M , Giovannozzi M , Mereghetti A , Molson J , Redaelli S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Among several working groups formed in the framework of the Physics Beyond Colliders study, launched at CERN in September 2016, there is one investigating specific fixed- target experiment proposals. Of particular interest is the study of high-density unpolarized or polarized gas targets to be installed in the LHC, upstream of the LHCb detector, using storage cells to enhance the target density. This work studies the impact of the interactions of 7 TeV proton beams with such gas targets on the LHC machine in terms of particle losses.
Study on beam-induced heating in injection section of Hefei Light Source
Authors: Xu Derong , Xu Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Ceramic chambers distributed with metal striplines on the inner surface are installed in the injection section at Hefei Light Source (HLS). Heating on the ceramics chambers has been observed during machine operation. An air compressor is used to cool these chambers due to concerns of overheating during top-up operation mode. To understand the sources of the heating, a series of experiments are performed with various beam currents and bunch filling patterns. The study shows that the heating is mainly caused by the narrow-band impedances of the ceramic chambers and their adjacent vacuum components.