bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of plastic ingestion by pole‐caught pelagic predatory fish from O'ahu, Hawai'i
Authors: Hyrenbach K. David , McGinnis Zora , Page Kathleen , Rapp Dan , Horgen F. David , Lynch Jennifer M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Although the frequency of occurrence of plastic ingestion in the large‐sized dolphinfish and tunas taken by the Hawai'i longline fishery is very low (frequency of occurrence < 5% of sampled individuals), the ingestion of plastic in smaller‐sized specimens caught with pole‐and‐line gear by commercial and recreational fishers has not been investigated.
This study examined ingestion of >0.25 mm marine plastic debris (MPD) by four predatory fish species caught by commercial fishers around the Main Hawaiian Islands, and documented ingestion in three species: 85.7% of albacore tuna (n = 7), 40.0% of skipjack tuna (n = 10) and 12.5% of dolphinfish (n = 8).
Yellowfin tuna (n = 10) did not contain any MPD, probably owing to the high proportion of empty stomachs (60%).
For skipjack tuna, the frequency of occurrence of MPD ingestion was significantly higher for the smaller‐sized specimens caught with pole‐and‐line (40%), compared with the larger‐sized specimens caught with longlines (0%).
For dolphinfish, the frequency of occurrence of MPD ingestion was similar for the similar‐sized specimens caught with pole‐and‐line and with longlines.
The ingested MPD items were micro–meso plastics, between 1 and 25 mm. While most ingested items were fragments, albacore also ingested line and skipjack also ingested sheets.
The predatory fishes ingested light MPD items that float in sea water, but there were species‐specific differences in their polymer composition: albacore contained more polypropylene and polyethylene, and skipjack contained more elastomers, characterized by a high percentage of ester plasticizers.
Altogether, these results suggest that albacore and skipjack tunas ingest plastic of different types and polymers. Yet more research is needed to understand how differences in vertical distribution, foraging ecology and diet influence the MPD sampled by these predatory fish species.
Synthesis and antiseizure effect evaluation of nonimidazole histamine H3receptor antagonists containing the oxazole moiety
Authors: Xiao Feng , Yan Rui , Zhang Yanhui , Wang Shiben , Chen Shilong , Zhou Naiming , Deng Xianqing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe use of histamine H3receptor (H3R) antagonists is becoming a promising therapeutic approach for epilepsy. In this paper, a series of novel nonimidazole H3R antagonists was synthesized and screened as antiepileptic drugs. All of these prepared antagonists displayed micromolar or submicromolar H3R antagonistic activities in the cAMP response element luciferase screening assay. Compounds5a(IC50 = 0.11 μM),5b(IC50 = 0.56 μM), and5f(IC50 = 0.78 μM) displayed the most potent H3R antagonistic activities, with considerable potency when compared with pitolisant (IC50 = 0.51 μM). In the maximal electroshock (MES)‐induced seizure model, compounds5c,5e, and5gshowed obvious protection for the electrostimulated mice, and the protection of5gagainst the MES‐induced seizures was fully abrogated when mice were cotreated withR‐(α)‐methyl‐histamine, a central nervous system‐penetrant H3R agonist, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect of5gwas observed to work through H3R. These results indicate that the attempt to find a new antiepileptic drug among H3R antagonists is practicable, but it is necessary to consider the log Pof the molecules to ensure penetration of the blood–brain barrier.
H2 production by photofermentation in an innovative plate‐type photobioreactor with meandering channels
Authors: Turon Violette , Ollivier Stéphane , Cwicklinski Gregory , Willison John C. , Anxionnaz‐Minvielle Zoé 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHydrogen production by Rhodobacter capsulatus is an anaerobic, photobiological process requiring specific mixing conditions. In this study, an innovative design of a photobioreactor is proposed. The design is based on a plate‐type photobioreactor with an interconnected meandering channel to allow culture mixing and H2 degassing. The culture flow was characterized as a quasi‐plug‐flow with radial mixing caused by a turbulent‐like regime achieved at a low Reynolds number. The dissipated volumetric power was decreased 10‐fold while maintaining PBR performances (production and yields) when compared with a magnetically stirred tank reactor. To increase hydrogen production flow rate, several bacterial concentrations were tested by increasing the glutamate concentration using fed‐batch cultures. The maximum hydrogen production flow rate (157.7 ± 9.3 ml H2/L/h) achieved is one of the highest values so far reported for H2 production by R. capsulatus. These first results are encouraging for future scale‐up of the plate‐type reactor.
Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells microvesicles stabilize atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting NLRP3‐mediated macrophage pyroptosis
Authors: Lin Yu , Liu Meihan , Chen Enqi , Jiang Wei , Shi Weidong , Wang Zhiyuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRupture of atherosclerotic plaques constitutes the major cause of thrombosis and acute ischemic coronary syndrome. Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells microvesicles (BMSCs‐MVs) are reported to promote angiogenesis. This study investigated the role of BMSCs‐MVs in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques. BMSCs‐MVs in mice were isolated and identified. The mouse model of atherosclerosis was established, and mice were injected with BMSCs‐MVs via the tail vein. The macrophage model with high glucose and oxidative damage was established and then incubated with BMSCs‐MVs. Nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression, pyroptosis‐related proteins, and inflammatory factors were detected. Actinomycin D was used to inhibit the secretion of BMSCs‐MVs to verify the source of microRNA‐223 (miR‐223). The binding relationship between miR‐223 and NLRP3 was predicted and verified. BMSCs‐MVs with knockdown of miR‐223 were cocultured with bone marrow‐derived macrophages with knockdown of NLRP3, and then levels of miR‐223, NLRP3, pyroptosis‐related proteins, and inflammatory factors were detected. BMSCs‐MVs could reduce the vulnerability index of atherosclerotic plaques and intima‐media thickness in mice, and inhibit pyroptosis and inflammation. BMSCs‐MVs inhibited pyroptosis and inflammatory factors in macrophages. BMSCs‐MVs carried miR‐223 to inhibit NLRP3 expression and reduce macrophage pyroptosis, thereby stabilizing the atherosclerotic plaques.
Regulation of processing bodies: From viruses to cancer epigenetic machinery
Authors: Kanakamani Sunmathy , Suresh Padmanaban S. , Venkatesh Thejaswini 
Published: December 2020

AbstractProcessing bodies (PBs) are 100–300 nm cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein particle (mRNP) granules that regulate eukaryotic gene expression. These cytoplasmic compartments harbor messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and several proteins involved in mRNA decay, microRNA silencing, nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay, and splicing. Though membrane‐less, PB structures are maintained by RNA‐protein and protein‐protein interactions. PB proteins have intrinsically disordered regions and low complexity domains, which account for its liquid to liquid phase separation. In addition to being dynamic and actively involved in the exchange of materials with other mRNPs and organelles, they undergo changes on various cellular cues and environmental stresses, including viral infections. Interestingly, several PB proteins are individually implicated in cancer development, and no study has addressed the effects on PB dynamics after epigenetic modifications of cancer‐associated PB genes. In the current review, we summarize modulations undergone by P bodies or P body components upon viral infections. Furthermore, we discuss the selective and widely investigated PB proteins that undergo methylation changes in cancer and their potential as biomarkers.
Functional damage of endothelial progenitor cells is attenuated by 14‐3‐3‐n through inhibition of mitochondrial injury and oxidative stress
Authors: Li Yunde , Sun Xinglan , Zhang Xuemei , Zhou Hui , Wang Dan , Xia Yi , Li Xiuli 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are precursor cells of vascular endothelial cells, which are widely involved in the pathological process of cardiovascular diseases. EPCs apoptosis could accelerate the process of cardiovascular diseases. 14‐3‐3‐η protein has been proved to be a potent antiapoptosis molecule. However, inhibition of EPCs apoptosis by 14‐3‐3‐η and further specific mechanism have not been investigated. EPCs were isolated from human cord blood, and identified using VEGFR2 and CD34. 14‐3‐3‐η overexpression model in vitro was established. Cell invasion, apoptosis, and proliferation were measured by transwell, flow cytometry, and Cell Counting Kit‐8, respectively. Expression of 14‐3‐3‐η, Bcl‐2, and voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) were measured using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) intensity was measured using 2ʹ‐7ʹ dichlorofluorescin diacetate probe. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected using JC‐1 dye. Overexpression of 14‐3‐3‐η significantly promoted invasion and proliferation, but suppressed apoptosis of EPCs. Overexpression of 14‐3‐3‐η remarkably inhibited ROS and promoted antioxidant enzyme levels in EPCs. 14‐3‐3‐η might inhibit apoptosis of EPCs through attenuating mitochondrial injury. This study might provide a new target, 14‐3‐3‐η, for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases through targeting EPCs.
X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP1) function in diseases
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Wang Congrong , Hua Jinlian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which is characteristic of cells with high levels of secretory activity and is involved in a variety of diseases. In response to ERS, cells initiate an adaptive process named the unfolding protein response (UPR) to maintain intracellular homeostasis and survival. However, long term and unresolved ERS can also induce apoptosis. As the most conserved signaling branch of UPR, the IRE1‐XBP1 pathway plays an important role in both physiological and pathological states, and its activity has a profound impact on disease progression and prognosis. Here, the latest research progress of IRE1‐XBP1 pathway in cancer, metabolic diseases, and other diseases was briefly introduced, and the relationship between several diseases and this pathway was analyzed. Besides, the new understanding and prospect of IRE1‐XBP1 pathway regulating male reproduction were reviewed.
Adverse impact of chronic kidney disease on clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Bloom Jason E , Dinh Diem T , Noaman Samer , Martin Catherine , Lim Michael , Batchelor Riley , Zheng Wayne , Reid Christopher , Brennan Angela , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Cox Nicholas , Duffy Stephen J , Chan William 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsWe aimed to assess the impact of the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with long‐term clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsWe analyzed data on consecutive patients undergoing PCI enrolled in the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry (VCOR) from January 2014 to December 2018. Patients were stratified into tertiles of renal function; estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) ≥60, 30–59 and < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 (including dialysis). The primary outcome was long‐term all‐cause mortality obtained from linkage with the Australian National Death Index (NDI). The secondary endpoint was a composite of 30 day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events.ResultsWe identified a total of 51,480 patients (eGFR ≥60, n = 40,534; eGFR 30–59, n = 9,521; eGFR <30, n = 1,425). Compared with patients whose eGFR was ≥60, those with eGFR 30–59 and eGFR<30 were on average older (77 and 78 vs. 63 years) and had a greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors. Worsening CKD severity was independently associated with greater adjusted risk of long‐term NDI mortality: eGFR<30 hazard ratio 4.21 (CI 3.7–4.8) and eGFR 30–59; 1.8 (CI 1.7–2.0), when compared to eGFR ≥60, all p < .001.ConclusionIn this large, multicentre PCI registry, severity of CKD was associated with increased risk of all‐cause mortality underscoring the high‐risk nature of this patient cohort.
Exploring Aluminum‐Ion Insertion into Magnesium‐Doped Manjiroite (MnO2) Nanorods in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Joseph Jickson , Fernando Joseph F. S. , Sayeed Md Abu , Tang Cheng , Golberg Dmitri , Du Aijun , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , O'Mullane Anthony P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAqueous aluminum‐ion batteries are promising for sustainable energy storage given the abundance of aluminum and the ease of recycling. However, finding suitable electrode materials that can intercalate Al ions remains challenging. Here, we investigate Mg‐ion‐doped MnO2 nanorods in the manjiroite structure that allow Al‐ion insertion into the open tunnels of this material. The electrode material is characterized before and after Al‐ion insertion with X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the insertion process is studied via in situ transmission electron microscopy, which highlights a change in the length of the MnO2 nanorod. The results indicate that Al ions can be successfully inserted into the MnO2 nanorods, which has also been determined by density functional theory calculations to be an energetically favorable process. The electrochemical data indicate that diffusion‐controlled Al insertion as well as a surface pseudocapacitive effect occur. This indicates that MnO2 nanomaterials synthesized in the presence of metal cations is potentially a viable route for facilitating their use as electrode materials in aqueous Al‐ion batteries or supercapatteries.
Efficacy and safety of a modified combination regimen of phenothrin and ivermectin lotion in patients with head lice in Tsukuba, Japan
Authors: Sato Eiji , Umezawa Masakazu , Miyajima Atsushi , Koishi Noriko , Kanaya Arisa , Yamanaka Ayumi , Fujimoto Manabu , Ishii Yoshiyuki , Saito Aki , Inoue Sae , Mano Yasunari , Suzuki Tatsunori , Ozeki Rie , Ishii Norihisa , Komoda Masayo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe combination therapy of phenothrin (PHT) and ivermectin (PI regimen) was effective for pyrethroid‐resistant head lice in Okinawa; however, further investigations have been required to improve the regimen. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the modified PI (mPI) regimen, which increased the maximum number of PHT treatments in the PI regimen by one, in Tsukuba, which has a low mutation rate compared to Okinawa.MethodsAn open‐label, uncontrolled, exploratory study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, University of Tsukuba Hospital to investigate the treatment effect of mPI regimen. Genotypes were investigated for the knockdown (kdr) mutations at voltage‐sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) and glutamate‐gated chloride receptor‐encoding loci to identify their correlation with drug resistance.ResultsAll the 8 patients treated with the mPI regimen resulted in lice free on day 29. Compared to baseline, the number of bodies, eggs, and itching grade significantly decreased on day 29. Mild erythema appeared after the second application of PHT on day 8 in one patient, persisted for 2 days, and recovered on day 15. No other adverse events were reported. Mutation rates were more than double in head lice collected from one patient for whom PHT was ineffective compared to those in lice from patients who responded to PHT. Furthermore, we identified four new haplotypes of VSSC loci in head lice.ConclusionsThe mPI regimen is a potential effective treatment for economically combating both PHT‐sensitive and resistant head lice.
A Machine Learning‐Enabled Autonomous Flow Chemistry Platform for Process Optimization of Multiple Reaction Metrics
Authors: Jeraal Mohammed I. , Sung Simon , Lapkin Alexei A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSelf‐optimization of chemical reactions using machine learning multi‐objective algorithms has the potential to significantly shorten overall process development time, providing users with valuable information about economic and environmental factors. Using the Thompson Sampling Efficient Multi‐Objective (TS‐EMO) algorithm, the self‐optimization flow chemistry system in this report demonstrates the ability to identify optimum reaction conditions and trade‐offs (Pareto fronts) between conflicting optimization objectives, such as yield, cost, space‐time yield, and E‐factor, in a data efficient manner. Advantageously, the robust system consists of exclusively commercially available equipment and a user‐friendly MATLAB graphical user interface, and was shown to autonomously run 131 experiments over 69 hours uninterrupted.
Robustness D3LS beamforming algorithm against the uncertainties in a uniform linear array radar of dipole antenna
Authors: Zarezadeh Esmail , Ghorbani Ayaz 
Published: December 2020

SummaryIn practical terms, direct data domain least squares (D3LS) beamforming algorithm performance is severely decreased by the array steering vector uncertainty. In this paper, we investigate the performance of D3LS approach for beamforming. Uniform linear antenna array radar of dipole antenna is considered in the presence of mutual coupling between the elements of the array. The performance of D3LS beamforming algorithm is severely affected by uncertainty caused by mutual coupling. In order to test the robustness of the D3LS approach against uncertainty, a quadratic inequality constraint is considered to optimize weight vector of D3LS beamforming algorithm. The convex optimization method is used to calculate optimized weight vector. The proposed convex optimization problem is solved by barrier method. It is a subset of Interior‐point numerical analysis methods. Several different scenarios are used to evaluate the proposed algorithm in MATLAB.
How precisely can psychotherapists predict the long‐term outcome of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa at the end of inpatient treatment?
Authors: Fichter Manfred M. , Quadflieg Norbert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the ability of psychotherapists to predict the future outcome for inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodPsychotherapists rated the prognosis of the patient's eating disorder on a five point Likert scale on several dimensions at the end of inpatient treatment. Actual outcome was assessed about 10 years after treatment. The sample comprised 1,065 patients treated for AN, and 1,192 patients treated for BN.ResultsPsychotherapists' rating of their patient's prognosis was not better than chance for good outcome in AN and BN and for poor outcome in BN. Prediction of poor outcome in AN was somewhat better with approximately two thirds of correct predictions. In logistic regression analysis, psychotherapists' rating of the patients' prognosis for AN contributed to the explained variance of long‐term outcome, increasing the variance explained from 7% (by conventional predictors) to 8% after including psychotherapists' prognosis. In BN, there was no significant contribution of psychotherapists' prognosis to overall prediction.DiscussionOur current knowledge of risk and protective factors for the course of eating disorders is unsatisfying. More specialized research is urgently needed.
Geographic range estimates and environmental requirements for the harpy eagle derived from spatial models of current and past distribution
Authors: Sutton Luke J. , Anderson David L. , Franco Miguel , McClure Christopher J. W. , Miranda Everton B. P. , Vargas F. Hernán , Vargas González José de J. , Puschendorf Robert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnderstanding species–environment relationships is key to defining the spatial structure of species distributions and develop effective conservation plans. However, for many species, this baseline information does not exist. With reliable presence data, spatial models that predict geographic ranges and identify environmental processes regulating distribution are a cost‐effective and rapid method to achieve this. Yet these spatial models are lacking for many rare and threatened species, particularly in tropical regions. The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a Neotropical forest raptor of conservation concern with a continental distribution across lowland tropical forests in Central and South America. Currently, the harpy eagle faces threats from habitat loss and persecution and is categorized as Near‐Threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Within a point process modeling (PPM) framework, we use presence‐only occurrences with climatic and topographical predictors to estimate current and past distributions and define environmental requirements using Ecological Niche Factor Analysis. The current PPM prediction had high calibration accuracy (Continuous Boyce Index = 0.838) and was robust to null expectations (pROC ratio = 1.407). Three predictors contributed 96% to the PPM prediction, with Climatic Moisture Index the most important (72.1%), followed by minimum temperature of the warmest month (15.6%) and Terrain Roughness Index (8.3%). Assessing distribution in environmental space confirmed the same predictors explaining distribution, along with precipitation in the wettest month. Our reclassified binary model estimated a current range size 11% smaller than the current IUCN range polygon. Paleoclimatic projections combined with the current model predicted stable climatic refugia in the central Amazon, Guyana, eastern Colombia, and Panama. We propose a data‐driven geographic range to complement the current IUCN range estimate and that despite its continental distribution, this tropical forest raptor is highly specialized to specific environmental requirements.
Heart failure is independently associated with white matter lesions: insights from the population‐based LIFE‐Adult Study
Authors: Stegmann Tina , Chu Mai L. , Witte Veronica A. , Villringer Arno , Kumral Deniz , Riedel‐Heller Steffi G. , Roehr Susanne , Hagendorff Andreas , Laufs Ulrich , Loeffler Markus , Wachter Rolf , Zeynalova Samira 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsWhite matter lesions (WML) are common structural alterations in the white matter of the brain and their prevalence increases with age. They are associated with cerebral ischaemia and cognitive dysfunction. Patients with heart failure (HF) are at risk for cognitive decline. We hypothesized that the presence and duration of HF are associated with WML.Methods and resultsThe LIFE‐Adult Study is a population‐based study of 10 000 residents of Leipzig, Germany. WML were quantitated in 2490 participants who additionally underwent cerebral MRI using the Fazekas score. Mean age was 64 years, and 46% were female; 2156 (86.6%) subjects had Fazekas score of 0–1, and 334 (13.4%) had Fazekas score of 2–3. Thirty participants had a medical history of HF, 1019 had hypertension, and 51 had a history of stroke. Median left ventricular ejection fraction of the participants with HF was 57% (interquartile ranges 54–62). Age, troponin T, NT‐proBNP, body mass index, history of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, HF, and diabetes were positively associated with WML in univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, age, hypertension, stroke, and HF were independently associated with WML. The odd's ratio for the association of WML (Fazekas 2–3) with HF was 2.8 (95% CI 1.2–6.5; P = 0.019). WML increased with longer duration of HF (P = 0.036 for trend).ConclusionsIn addition to age, hypertension, and stroke, the prevalence and duration of HF are independently associated with WML. This observation sets the stage to investigate the prognostic value of WML in HF and the impact of HF therapies on WML.