bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تقدير دالة البقاء بأستعمال الخوارزمية الجينية
Authors: Abdel Hadia Anwar Taher , Redha Sabah Manfi 
Published: December 2020

ان تحليل البقاء هو عبارة عن تحليل البيانات التي تكون في شكل اوقات من اصل الوقت حتى حدوث حدث النهاية ، وفي البحوث الطبية يكون اصل الوقت هو تاريخ تسجيل المفردة او المريض في دراسة ما مثل التجارب السريرية لمقارنة نوعين من الدواء او اكثر اذا كانت نقطة النهاية هي وفاة المريض او اختفاء المفردة فالبيانات الناتجة من هذه العملية تسمى اوقات البقاء اما اذا كانت النهاية هي ليست الوفاة فالبيانات الناتجة تسمى بيانات الوقت حتى الحدث ، اي ان تحليل البقاء هو من الخطوات والاجراءات الاحصائية لتحليل البيانات عندما يكون المتغير المعتمد هو الوقت حتى الحدث والوقت قد يكون ايام او اسابيع او اشهر او سنوات منذ بداية تسجيل المفردة حتى الحدث .
يهتم هذا البحث بمسألة تقدير دالة البقاء لبيانات مراقبة بأستعمال احد اهم خوارزميات الذكاء الاصطناعي وهي الخوارزمية الجينية وذلك بهدف الحصول على تقديرات مثلى لمعلمات توزيع ويبل وهذا بدوره ينعكس على تقديرات داله البقاء حيث يتم توظيف الخوارزمية الجينية في طريقة الامكان الاعظم وطريقة العزوم ، طريقة المربعات الصغرى و طريقة المربعات الصغرى الموزونة المعدلة والحصول على مقدرات اكثر كفاءة من الطرق التقليدية , ثم بعد ذلك سوف يتم اجراء مقارنة بين الطرق بالاعتماد على الجانب التجريبي ويتم تقييم الطريقة الافضل بالاعتماد على معيار متوسط مربعات الخطأ لدالة البقاء, كذلك سوف يتم تطبيق الطرق على بيانات حقيقة لمرضى سرطان الرئة والقصبات .
وتوصلت الدراسة الى ان افضل طريقة لتقدير معلمات توزيع ويبل ودالة البقاء التي انتجها الجانب التجريبي هي طريقة المربعات الصغرى المسندة الى الخوارزمية الجينية
Non-destructive testing methods of assemblies and units of fire and emergency technique
Authors: Бирюк Виктор Алексеевич , Пасовец Владимир Николаевич , Журов Марк Михайлович 
Published: December 2020

Purpose. The substantiation of the use of modern methods for assessing and monitoring the state of fire and emergency equipment in order to ensure its trouble-free operation.
Methods. Non-destructive methods, computer simulation, tensometry.
Findings. The review of methods existing for assessment and control of assemblies and units of fire and rescue vehicles technical state is performed. Some results of their application are presented. The application possibility of non-destructive testing methods is assessed.
Application field of research. Fire rescue equipment, welded joints of technical objects.
Evaluation of the development level of several professionally significant psychological qualities of future specialists in extreme professions
Authors: Гермацкая Екатерина Игоревна 
Published: December 2020

Purpose. Studying the level of development of certain professionally significant psychological qualities of future specialists in extreme professions, such as volitional self-regulation, propensity to take risks, motivation to achieve success or overcome failure.
Methods. Carrying out an ascertaining experiment: psychological testing using the techniques: «Motivation of success and fear of failure» (questionnaire by A.A. Rean), «Research of the propensity to take risks» (questionnaire of A.G. Shmelev), «Level of volitional self-regulation» (questionnaire A.V. Zverkov and E.V. Eydman).
Findings. The results of studying the level of development of volitional self-regulation, self-control and perseverance, motivational orientation and propensity to risk of the 1st and 3rd year students of the University of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Belarus are presented. The conditions of professional activity of specialists in extreme professions are briefly considered. Strong-willed efforts for workers in extreme activities are necessary to overcome such external obstacles as difficulties in professional activities, various hindrances, confronting with other people or life circumstances. It can be concluded that the majority of respondents are characterized by a high level of volitional self-regulation, perseverance and self-control. The overwhelming majority of the first and third year students were diagnosed with pronounced motivation to achieve success. It has been found that almost all respondents participating in the study had an average level of propensity to take risks.
Application field of research. The presented results can be used to work out a program for the development of professionally important psychological qualities, skills and abilities of extreme profile specialists aimed at forecasting the main conditions and regularities of their formation.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND NON PERFORMING FINANCING TO THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SHARIA BANKING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Azzahra Khoirunnisa 
Published: December 2020

The development of Islamic banking finance has not met OJK's expectations, which is still below 5%. This reseach purposes to analyze the effect of intellectual capital and non-performing financing on financial performance. The research method used is descriptive quantitative using multiple linear regression test models. Withdrawal of samples using purposive sampling method in order to obtain 6 Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia with the data studied as many as 30 data used as research samples and hypothesis testing is done using partial significant test (t test) and simultaneous significant test (F test) with ɑ = 5%. Hypothesis test results show that intellectual capital and non-performing financing have a significant effect on financial performance, either partially or simultaneously.
AC Pulsed Field Ablation Is Feasible and Safe in Atrial and Ventricular Settings: A Proof-of-Concept Chronic Animal Study
Authors: Caluori Guido , Odehnalova Eva , Jadczyk Tomasz , Pesl Martin , Pavlova Iveta , Valikova Lucia , Holzinger Steffen , Novotna Veronika , Rotrekl Vladimir , Hampl Ales , Crha Michal , Cervinka Dalibor , Starek Zdenek 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionPulsed field ablation (PFA) exploits the delivery of short high-voltage shocks to induce cells death via irreversible electroporation. The therapy offers a potential paradigm shift for catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmia. We designed an AC-burst generator and therapeutic strategy, based on the existing knowledge between efficacy and safety among different pulses. We performed a proof-of-concept chronic animal trial to test the feasibility and safety of our method and technology.MethodsWe employed 6 female swine – weight 53.75 ± 4.77 kg – in this study. With fluoroscopic and electroanatomical mapping assistance, we performed ECG-gated AC-PFA in the following settings: in the left atrium with a decapolar loop catheter with electrodes connected in bipolar fashion; across the interventricular septum applying energy between the distal electrodes of two tip catheters. After procedure and 4-week follow-up, the animals were euthanized, and the hearts were inspected for tissue changes and characterized. We perform finite element method simulation of our AC-PFA scenarios to corroborate our method and better interpret our findings.ResultsWe applied square, 50% duty cycle, AC bursts of 100 μs duration, 100 kHz internal frequency, 900 V for 60 pulses in the atrium and 1500 V for 120 pulses in the septum. The inter-burst interval was determined by the native heart rhythm – 69 ± 9 bpm. Acute changes in the atrial and ventricular electrograms were immediately visible at the sites of AC-PFA – signals were elongated and reduced in amplitude (p &lt; 0.0001) and tissue impedance dropped (p = 0.011). No adverse event (e.g., esophageal temperature rises or gas bubble streams) was observed – while twitching was avoided by addition of electrosurgical return electrodes. The implemented numerical simulations confirmed the non-thermal nature of our AC-PFA and provided specific information on the estimated treated area and need of pulse trains. The postmortem chest inspection showed no peripheral damage, but epicardial and endocardial discolorations at sites of ablation. T1-weighted scans revealed specific tissue changes in atria and ventricles, confirmed to be fibrotic scars via trichrome staining. We found isolated, transmural and continuous scars. A surviving cardiomyocyte core was visible in basal ventricular lesions.ConclusionWe proved that our method and technology of AC-PFA is feasible and safe for atrial and ventricular myocardial ablation, supporting their systematic investigation into effectiveness evaluation for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia. Further optimization, with energy titration or longer follow-up, is required for a robust atrial and ventricular AC-PFA.
Alkaline Phosphatases Account for Low Plasma Levels of Inorganic Pyrophosphate in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Laurain Audrey , Rubera Isabelle , Duranton Christophe , Rutsch Frank , Nitschke Yvonne , Ray Elodie , Vido Sandor , Sicard Antoine , Lefthériotis Georges , Favre Guillaume 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionPatients on dialysis and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) present the syndrome of mineral and bone disorders (MBD), which share common traits with monogenic calcifying diseases related to disturbances of the purinergic system. Low plasma levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and ectopic vascular calcifications belong to these two conditions. This suggests that the purinergic system may be altered in chronic kidney disease with MBD. Therefore, we perform a transversal pilot study in order to compare the determinants of PPi homeostasis and the plasma levels of PPi in patients on dialysis, in KTR and in healthy people.Patients and MethodsWe included 10 controls, 10 patients on maintenance dialysis, 10 early KTR 3 ± 1 months after transplantation and nine late KTR 24 ± 3 months after transplantation. We measured aortic calcifications, plasma and urine levels of PPi, the renal fractional excretion of PPi (FePPi), nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NPP) and ALP activities in plasma. Correlations and comparisons were assessed with non-parametric tests.ResultsLow PPi was found in patients on dialysis [1.11 (0.88–1.35), p = 0.004], in early KTR [0.91 (0.66–0.98), p = 0.0003] and in late KTR [1.16 (1.07–1.45), p = 0.02] compared to controls [1.66 (1.31–1.72) μmol/L]. Arterial calcifications were higher in patients on dialysis than in controls [9 (1–75) vs. 399 (25–526) calcium score/cm2, p &lt; 0.05]. ALP activity was augmented in patients on dialysis [113 (74–160), p = 0.01] and in early KTR [120 (84–142), p = 0.002] compared to controls [64 (56–70) UI/L]. The activity of NPP and FePPi were not different between groups. ALP activity was negatively correlated with PPi (r = −0.49, p = 0.001).DiscussionPatients on dialysis and KTR have low plasma levels of PPi, which are partly related to high ALP activity, but neither to low NPP activity, nor to increased renal excretion of PPi. Further work is necessary to explore comprehensively the purinergic system in chronic kidney disease.
Systematic Pharmacology and GEO Database Mining Revealed the Therapeutic Mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoration for Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Liang Bin , Xiang Yang , Zhang Xiaokang , Wang Chen , Jin Bingyu , Zhao Yue , Zheng Fang 
Published: December 2020

Background: Xuefu Zhuyu decoration (XFZYD), as a traditional Chinese compound recipe, has been used to treat atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) for thousands of years in China, but its effective compounds and underlying treatment molecular mechanism remains promiscuous, which severely limits its clinical application.Methods: The effective components and their targets of XFZYD were predicted and screened based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. The candidate therapeutic targets of ASCVD were screened by Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB) and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses for target proteins were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. Differentially expressed genes were identified using the GEO2R online tool. Molecular docking was performed by Schrodinger software. To assess the efficacy of the prediction, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with the effective compound of XFZYD were used as the in vitro model.Results: A total of 108 effective compounds (including quercetin) and 137 candidate therapeutic targets were identified. Analyzing the relationships among effective compounds, candidate therapeutic targets, and signaling pathways, the therapy mechanisms of XFZYD were mainly reflected in the protection of vascular endothelium, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress, etc. Accordingly, we found the effective compound of XFZYD (quercetin) decreased intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) expressions and pro-inflammatory cytokines in HUVECs treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and reduced the adhesion function of HUVECs with monocytes. The inhibitor of the predicted target protein (PTGS2) could further reduce the expressions of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α induced by LPS, and inhibit the adhesion function of HUVECs with monocytes, while PTGS2 agonists partially counteracted the protective effect of quercetin.Conclusions: In this study, the effective components and potential therapeutic targets of XFZYD for ASCVD treatment were explored from the perspective of systemic pharmacology. The effective component quercetin was verified to protect endothelial cells by reducing endothelial inflammatory response and impeding the attachment of monocytes against the predicted therapeutic target PTGS2.
Efficacy and Safety of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in HCV Patients With Previous Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Failures: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shen Chao , Fan Haozhi , Ge Zhijun , Cai Weihua , Shao Jianguo , Dong Chen , Xue Hong , Fu Zuqiang , Li Jun , Zhang Yun , Yue Ming 
Published: December 2020

Background: Since a greater number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients have access to direct-acting antiviral (DAA) based therapies, the number of patients not properly responding to prior DAA regimens is increasing. The objective of this comprehensive analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) in HCV patients who experienced previous DAA therapy failures.Methods: Bibliographic databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published by November 2020. The main endpoints were sustained viral response after 12 weeks (SVR12), adverse events (AEs; any grade) and severe adverse events (SAEs). Publication bias assessment was performed using funnel plots and the Egger's test.Results: Fourteen studies consisting of a total of 1,294 subjects were included in this study and the pooled estimate of SVR12, AEs and SAEs rates were 96.8% (95%CI: 95.1–98.2), 47.1% (95%CI: 26.0–69.3), and 1.8% (95%CI: 0.7–3.4), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that pooled SVR12 rates were 97.9% (95%CI: 96.7–98.9) for Japan and 91.1% (95%CI: 87.3–94.3) for the United States; 95.8% (95%CI: 93.9–97.4) for genotype (GT)1 and 100.0% (95%CI: 99.6–100.0) for GT2; 95.3% (95%CI: 92.4–97.2) for cirrhosis and 96.3% (95%CI: 94.2–97.7) for non-cirrhosis cases. There was no publication bias included this study.Conclusion: This comprehensive analysis revealed that GLE/PIB is an effective and secure retreatment option for patients who did not optimally respond to DAA treatment, especially the Asian population with GT1-2.
A 5-min Cognitive Task With Deep Learning Accurately Detects Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Almubark Ibrahim , Chang Lin-Ching , Shattuck Kyle F. , Nguyen Thanh , Turner Raymond Scott , Jiang Xiong 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The goal of this study was to investigate and compare the classification performance of machine learning with behavioral data from standard neuropsychological tests, a cognitive task, or both.Methods: A neuropsychological battery and a simple 5-min cognitive task were administered to eight individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), eight individuals with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 41 demographically match controls (CN). A fully connected multilayer perceptron (MLP) network and four supervised traditional machine learning algorithms were used.Results: Traditional machine learning algorithms achieved similar classification performances with neuropsychological or cognitive data. MLP outperformed traditional algorithms with the cognitive data (either alone or together with neuropsychological data), but not neuropsychological data. In particularly, MLP with a combination of summarized scores from neuropsychological tests and the cognitive task achieved ~90% sensitivity and ~90% specificity. Applying the models to an independent dataset, in which the participants were demographically different from the ones in the main dataset, a high specificity was maintained (100%), but the sensitivity was dropped to 66.67%.Discussion: Deep learning with data from specific cognitive task(s) holds promise for assisting in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but future work with a large and diverse sample is necessary to validate and to improve this approach.
Development and Validation of a Five-Gene Signature to Predict Relapse-Free Survival in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ye Fei , Liang Jie , Li Jiaoxing , Li Haiyan , Sheng Wenli 
Published: December 2020

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with a variable natural history of relapse and remission. Previous studies have found many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the peripheral blood of MS patients and healthy controls, but the value of these genes for predicting the risk of relapse remains elusive. Here we develop and validate an effective and noninvasive gene signature for predicting relapse-free survival (RFS) in MS patients.Methods: Gene expression matrices were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus and ArrayExpress. DEGs in MS patients and healthy controls were screened in an integrated analysis of seven data sets. Candidate genes from a combination of protein–protein interaction and weighted correlation network analysis were used to identify key genes related to RFS. An independent data set (GSE15245) was randomized into training and test groups. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator–Cox regression analyses were used in the training group to develop a gene signature. A nomogram incorporating independent risk factors was developed via multivariate Cox regression analyses. Kaplan–Meier methods, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Harrell's concordance index (C-index) were used to estimate the performance of the gene signature and nomogram. The test group was used for external validation.Results: A five-gene signature comprising FTH1, GBP2, MYL6, NCOA4, and SRP9 was used to calculate risk scores to predict individual RFS. The risk score was an independent risk factor, and a nomogram incorporating clinical parameters was established. ROC curves and C-indices demonstrated great performance of these predictive tools in both the training and test groups.Conclusions: The five-gene signature may be a reliable tool for assisting physicians in predicting RFS in clinical practice. We anticipate that these findings could not only facilitate personalized treatment for MS patients but also provide insight into the complex molecular mechanism of this disease.
Remote Assessment of Post-Stroke Elbow Function Using Internet-Based Telerobotics: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Kim Jonghyun , Sin Minki , Kim Won-Seok , Min Yu-Sun , Kim Woojin , Park Daegeun , Paik Nam-Jong , Cho Kyujin , Park Hyung-Soon 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Upper limb hemiparesis is the most common impairment in stroke survivors, and adequate assessment is crucial for setting the rehabilitation strategy and monitoring the effect of treatment. However, adequate timely assessments are difficult due to the limited accessibility to clinics for stroke survivors. We designed this study to investigate whether teleassessments for motor impairments of the spastic elbow (i.e., passive range of motion (PROM), muscle strength, and spasticity) are feasible in stroke survivors.Methods: To implement a telerobotic system for remote assessment with physical interaction, we constructed a system with a master robot interacting with a doctor (assessor) and a slave robot interacting with the elbow of a subject with stroke. The master robot is operated by the doctor, where the torque and the speed are transferred to the slave robot via the Internet, and the reaction of the patient's elbow to the slave robot's movement is measured with a torque sensor, then finally transferred back to the master robot. An intercontinental remote assessment, which is considered one of the worst possible scenarios, was used as a clinical test to strictly check the feasibility. For the clinical tests, the examiner for the teleassessment was located at a lab in the National Institutes of Health (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA) while the stroke patients were located at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Bundang, Kyeonggido, South Korea).Results: In total, 12 stroke patients' elbows (age range, 28–74; M:F = 6:6) were tested. For the PROM, the absolute difference between two assessments (in-person vs. remote) was 5.98 ± 3.51° on average (range, 0–11.2). The agreements for the strength and the spasticity of elbow flexor between in-person and remote assessments were substantial (k = 0.643) and fair (k = 0.308), respectively. No adverse events were observed during or immediately after the telerobotic assessment.Conclusions: Internet-based telerobotic remote assessment for motor impairment of spastic elbow in stroke using our system is feasible even in the worst setting, with too long of a distance and a delayed communication network.