bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Primova H A , Sakiyev T R , Nabiyeva S S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Today, the effectiveness of the implementation of information systems for var-ious purposes in medical institutions (MCI) is one of the most important issues. The classification of medical information systems (MIS) using modern communications and local information networks is considered: basic medical information systems, medical information systems at the medical level.
The article analyzes and models factors that may influence the diagnosis. We also build mathematical models taking into account factors affecting system changes.
Dependence of the reliable graph failure probability on the topological indicators of its elements
Authors: Pronin I V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
An analysis is made of the dependence of the probability of network failure, presented in the form of reliability graphs, on the topological indicators of its elements, in particular, the variety of centrality proposed in the article in mediation. In connection with the study of the reliability of large networks (networks containing millions of elements), it became necessary to find critical groups of elements that have the greatest impact on the reliability of the system. The article solves the problem of quickly finding such elements without laborious analytical calculation. Monte Carlo analytical and statistical methods are used as methods in the article. As a result of the study, a method is obtained that allows one to find such groups of elements with a certain accuracy. As a confirmation of the great influence on the reliability of the system of the found group of elements, a repeated calculation of reliability was made with an increased probability of failure of the most influential nodes. The results obtained can effectively distribute resources to the most significant system nodes, and, accordingly, increase the reliability of these systems. The absence of a laborious calculation in the method makes it effective when working with large networks.
Operator splitting method for numerical solving the atmospheric pollutant dispersion problem
Authors: Ravshanov N , Muradov F , Akhmedov D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses the numerical modeling of transport and diffusion of air pollutants in the atmospheric boundary layer. There was developed a mathematical model of industrial emissions spread in the atmosphere taking into account the deposition velocity of fine particles. The model is described by multidimensional partial differential equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The basic laws of hydrothermodynamics were used in deriving the model. In order to obtain the numerical solution of the problem, we used one of the splitting methods according to physical processes involved (transport, diffusion and absorption), as well as a second-order implicit finite-difference scheme in time. Analysis of numerical results showed that the developed computational algorithm provides sufficient accuracy of the problem solution compared with field measurement data and it has a certain advantage over other numerical methods. In the course of computational experiments, there was determined the degree of influence of such parameters as wind speed and direction, absorption coefficient and physicomechanical properties of particles on the process of atmospheric air pollutants dispersion.
Estimates of the accuracy of numerical solutions using regularization
Authors: Rogalev A N , Rogalev A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article explores the accuracy of numerical solutions, and suggests methods for analyzing accuracy depending on the properties of the problem. Numerical studies of complex expensive objects of technology and physics require that the computational results be obtained with guaranteed accuracy. It also depends on the fact that in the work of technical objects there are large intervals of operation time not observed experimentally. Therefore, there is a need to describe the location of the observed and calculated values, as well as the accuracy with which they are calculated. The effect of strong growth in estimates of error bounds is manifested for a large number of methods used to estimate the error of a numerical solution. This means the lack of correctness of algorithms for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions due to the failure of the stability conditions with respect to perturbations of the right-hand side. For many problems, among all the algorithms, the backward analysis of errors turned out to be the most effective method for assessing the accuracy of numerical solutions. The backward analysis of errors consists in the fact that when assessing the accuracy (error) of a numerical solution, the numerical solution is considered as an exact solution to a problem close to the original problem. A backward error analysis was proposed and developed in the algorithms of J Wilkinson in the context of the numerical solution of problems of linear algebra, and in the algorithms of V V Voevodin, who widely distributed it to many areas of numerical analysis. In the framework of the backward error analysis, the regularization of the algorithm for estimating the error of a numerical solution is reasonably applied. This article explores methods for the backward analysis of errors of numerical solutions.
Quasiminimal pairs for c.e. degrees of generic and coarse reducibilities
Authors: Rybalov Alexander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Generic approach to algorithmic problems in combinatorial group theory was suggested in 2003 by Kapovich, Myasnikov, Schupp and Shpilrain. This approach deals with algorithms, which solves algorithmic problems on ”most” of the inputs (i.e., on a generic set) instead of the entire domain and output undefined answer (do not halt) on the rest of inputs (a negligible set). Generic analog of Turing reducibility was introduced by Jockusch and Schupp in 2012. Later Hirschfeldt, Jockusch, Kuyper and Schupp defined coarse reducibility. In this paper we prove that there exist quasiminimal pairs for generic and coarse reducibilities of computably enumerable (c.e.) degrees. The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant number 18-71-10028.
Modeling of regulatory mechanisms of oncogenic viruses Micro-RNA action
Authors: Saidalieva M , Hidirova M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to investigate the dynamics of the regulatory mechanisms of viral miRNA during oncogenesis at Hepatitis B virus infection. Studies show that mutually conjugated molecular-genetic systems of hepatocytes and micro-RNA of oncogenic viruses have the following domains: a stable functional activity, the possibility of oscillatory modes of functioning, irregular oscillations (it may occur the chaotic behavior of oncoviruses micro-RNA and their regulatory network connections, which leads to chaotic uncontrolled cellular reproduction and cancer) and black hole effect (sharp reduction in the number of cells, which corresponds to the metastasis of cancer cells). The results of computational experiments show that depending on the parameters of the cell and the cellular external environment, some miRNAs can both activate and inhibit tumor growth.
Neurohumoral contour regulation of arterial pressure
Authors: Shovin V A , Goltyapin V V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the contour regulation of human arterial blood pressure, as well as other interrelated parameters. A system of algebro-differential equations is proposed for contour modeling. The system of equations has an odd symmetry group which leads to self-regulation and maintaining the contour parameters within a normal values. To calculate the dynamics of the system, original author software was used to solve structural equations. The finite difference scheme of two states was used to bring the equation system to a structural form. As a result, the calculated graphs of the contour parameters dynamics of blood pressure regulation are given. The innovation of the work is in the numerical solution and modeling of the mechanism of blood pressure regulation on the basis of a new approach to solving basic structural equations. Also novelty in the new software is the solver of basic structural equations, including nonlinear or differential equations, tested on this model.
Preferential attachment graphs as agent interaction structure
Authors: Yudina M N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The preferential attachment graphs are considered as the basis for constructing agent interaction structures. The choice of such a structure has a great influence on the results of network processes simulation. Calibration (adjusting generation parameters) of the preferential attachment graphs improves the accuracy of the simulated processes results. An increase in the quality of calibration leads to the construction of adequate graph models. It can be used in processes simulation of telecommunication networks, social networks, cell molecular networks and other large networks of the modern networked world.
Models and methods for One-Dimensional Space Allocation Problem with forbidden zones
Authors: Zabudsky G G , Veremchuk N S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We consider an extension of the well–known optimization placement problem. The problem is One–Dimensional Space Allocation Problem (ODSAP). The classical formulation of the problem is to place rectangular connected objects on a line with the minimum total cost of connections between them. The extension of the problem is that there are fixed objects (forbidden zones) on the line. The objects are impossible to place in forbidden zones. The placed objects are connected among themselves and with the zones. The configuration of connections between objects is defined by a network. A similar situation arises, for example, when designing the location of technological equipment of petrochemical enterprise. It is necessary to place units of equipment so that the total cost of the pipeline ties was minimal. In this article a review of the models and methods to solve of the classical ODSAP is given. The properties of the problem with the forbidden zones are noted. Models of combinatorial optimization and integer programming for the problem are constructed. Algorithms for finding an approximate solution and branch and bounds are described. Results of computational experiments are reported.
Reduction of a boundary value problem for a system of diffusion-reaction equations to problem for a finite interval
Authors: Zadorin A I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The boundary value problem on a semi-infinite interval for a system of ordinary differential equations of the diffusion-reaction type is considered. To apply a difference scheme for the numerical solution of such a problem, it is necessary to reduce it to a problem for a finite interval. For this perpose we offer to use well-known method of construction of the stable variety of solutions that satisfy the limit condition at infinity. The estimates of the error arising when the problem is reduced to a finite interval are obtained.
Non-polynomial interpolation of functions in the presence of a boundary layer
Authors: Zadorin N A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The question of interpolation of a function of one variable with large gradients in the boundary layer region is investigated. The problem is that applying of polynomial interpolation formulas on a uniform grid to functions with large gradients can lead to unacceptable errors. We study the interpolation formulas with an arbitrarily number of interpolation nodes which are exact on the singular component. This component is responsible for the main growth of the function in the boundary layer and can be found based on asymptotic expansions. It is proved that error estimates don’t depend on the singular component and its derivatives. In the case of an exponential boundary layer these estimates don’t depend on a small parameter.
Accuracy of the analytical escape rate for a cusp barrier in the overdamping regime
Authors: Zakharov A V , Chushnyakova M V , Gontchar I I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
For the first time, the accuracy of the approximate analytical Kramers formula for the thermal decay rate over a cusp barrier, RK
, is checked numerically for the overdamping regime. The numerical quasistationary rate, RD
, which is believed to be exact within the statistical errors is evaluated by means of computer modeling of the stochastic Langevin-type dynamical equations. The agreement between RK
and RD
significantly depends upon the friction strength and the height of the barrier in comparison to the thermal energy. The difference between RK
and RD
decreases with the dimensionless damping parameter φ, however, does not become smaller than 10-20%. The unexpected growth of the difference between RK
and RD
with the governing parameter is observed.
Mathematical modeling of a hydraulic flume for carrying out numerical experiments on coastal waves and erosion of cohesive soil
Authors: Zakharov Y N , Zimin A I , Nudner I S , Yashin M E 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrowave flumes are applied in laboratory experiments in order to study coastal wave impact on shore facilities. The realization of such laboratory experiments is costly and time-consuming concerning its preparation. Thus, it is pressing to apply a mathematical model. The paper presents a material hydrowave flume mathematical model that significantly broadens the capability of the research on coastal wave propagation and its impact on sea floor cohesive soil. The paper considers a solitary wave climb to the shore in the areas of different configuration including sea floor irregularities and a layer of cohesive soil. The wave propagation on the surface and soil shift in the water are modelled by three-component viscous incompressible fluid where air, water and soil are considered as components of non-homogeneous medium. The solution is obtained through finite difference numerical algorithm based on splitting scheme by physical factors and prediction correction method. Results of numerical calculations are presented in the paper.
Development of knowledge testing systems based on discrete optimization models
Authors: Zaozerskaya L A , Plankova V A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present an approach to creating computer testing systems and an overview of our results obtained based on it. Special attention is paid to the problem of forming the optimal test content. This problem consists of finding a subset of the test tasks allowing us to get an objective conclusion about the degree of assimilation by a student the training course. Several formulations are described for solving this problem and the problem of forming an optimal test kit. Corresponding mathematical models are constructed on the base of the set covering problem and its generalizations. A specialized computer testing system, developed by us based on this approach, is described. The experience of this system use and the prospects of the proposed approach for creating knowledge testing systems are discussed.
Application of the descriptor approach for clustering entities from education sector
Authors: Zykina Anna , Kaneva Olga , Sharun Ivan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article proposes the algorithm to solve objects clustering problem for such subject areas as education and labour market. Such objects are competence, discipline, specialty, vacancy, etc. The main problem in clustering algorithm development proved to be the stage of attributes design since the named objects have descriptions in a natural language. Consequently, a descriptive model for the objects was designed at first. The model was based on the fact that all necessary concepts are characterised in the space of descriptors ”know”, ”can”, etc.
This allowed the object to be represented as a tuple based on the object name, descriptors (and their values) and keywords related to descriptors. To obtain such structures, the toolkit of context-relative text mining was used. The ability to represent the entities in question as a formal structure allowed the attribute space formation algorithm to be developed and complex metrics to be constructed to solve the stated clustering problem. The developed algorithm permits development of various services for a faster and more objective decision making process in educational and professional sectors.
As a result of the work, about two thousand vacancies were obtained and transformed into descriptor entities.
Based on the error matrix, it can be judged that the resulting descriptor entities have been clustered with a sufficient level of quality. This demonstrates the applicability of the model for presentation and analysis for elements from the subject area.
The influence of soil moisture and solar altitude on surface spectral albedo in arid area
Authors: Yang Jiaxi , Li Zhenchao , Zhai Panmao , Zhao Yanyan , Gao Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Using data collected from a specially designed experiment at the Dunhuang Station (40°10′N, 94°31′E, 1150 m) from September 2017 to September 2018, we have characterized the influences of soil moisture and solar altitude on surface spectral albedo in an arid area. The specific settings of our experiment allowed us to minimize the influences of underlying surface, cloud cover, aerosol and weather conditions, and thus highlight the influence of soil moisture and solar altitude. During the timespan of the experiment, we observed the annual mean surface albedo of global radiation (GR), ultraviolet radiation (UV), visible radiation (VIS) and near-infrared radiation (NIR) to be 0.24, 0.11, 0.24 and 0.25. A significantly negative linear correlation between surface albedo and soil moisture was identified, with the correlation coefficients between GR, UV, VIS, NIR and soil moisture being −0.68, −0.75, −0.70 and −0.61. In addition, we identified an exponential relationship between surface albedo and solar altitude. The exponential regression coefficients are −0.21, −0.077, −0.53 and −0.21, respectively. From these analyses, we derived a new two-factor parametric formula for depicting the influence of soil moisture and solar altitude on surface spectral albedo. Using observation data, we demonstrate that the formula recapitulates the real-world relationship between soil moisture, solar altitude and surface spectral albedo with little deviation. These findings may help us gain a deeper understanding of improving land surface parameterizations and have potential implications for solar energy research and applications.
The end of gunpoint conservation: forest disturbance after the Colombian peace agreement
Authors: Murillo-Sandoval Paulo J. , Van Dexter Kristina , Van Den Hoek Jamon , Wrathall David , Kennedy Robert 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In November 2016, after 52 years of armed conflict, the Colombian government and the primary rebel group, the FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia) reached a peace agreement. The agreement incorporated three changes to institutions governing forest land occupation and use: (a) the demobilization of FARC from forested places, (2) the future distribution of legal land titles and new road construction into forests, and (3) the eradication of illicit crops. However, we document unprecedented rates of forest disturbance in the months following the peace agreement in biodiversity hotspots across the country. Are the declaration of peace and the increased rates of forest disturbance related? Here, we present the first systematic assessment of the impact of the Colombian peace agreement on forest disturbance. Focusing on the Andes-Amazon Transition Belt (AATB), we used automated satellite image disturbance detection methods and ethnographic data to quantify and interpret forest cover change from 2010 to 2018 that span wartime, peace negotiation, and post-peace agreement stages. Our findings indicate that during the post-peace agreement period (2017–2018), the area of forest disturbance increased by 50% (about 238 000 ha) across the AATB in comparison with the four-year peace negotiation stage (2013–2016); these changes reflect the end of FARC-led gunpoint conservation in the region. Forest disturbance also spread deeper into the Amazon watershed and increased in area by 187% within the AATB’s protected areas. We find that following the peace agreement and the withdrawal of FARC, key actors (viz. drug cartels, large landowners, campesinos and dissidents) with expectations of favorable land tenure policies swept into the region; this led to increases in large-scale cattle ranching, coca cultivation dispersal, and speculative illegal land markets each of which contributed to the widespread forest disturbance that we mapped. The rapid increase in forest disturbance occurred despite the interest of the international community in promoting forest conservation initiatives in the AATB and Colombia’s existing conservation and land titling frameworks for public lands. Our findings underscore the need for conservation strategies sensitive to rapid institutional and demographic changes in the course of the peace agreement to prevent forests from becoming an unexpected casualty of premature and unstable peace.
Large deviation analysis of function sensitivity in random deep neural networks
Authors: Li Bo , Saad David 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mean field theory has been successfully used to analyze deep neural networks (DNN) in the infinite size limit. Given the finite size of realistic DNN, we utilize the large deviation theory and path integral analysis to study the deviation of functions represented by DNN from their typical mean field solutions. The parameter perturbations investigated include weight sparsification (dilution) and binarization, which are commonly used in model simplification, for both ReLU and sign activation functions. We find that random networks with ReLU activation are more robust to parameter perturbations with respect to their counterparts with sign activation, which arguably is reflected in the simplicity of the functions they generate.