bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caretta caretta nesting activity on Akumal Beaches, Mexico
Authors: González J. M. , Anastácio R. , Lizárraga-Cubedo H. A. , Pereira M. J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMexico has made substantial contributions to marine turtle protection and conservation, especially since 1990. Several conservation projects entail monitoring efforts to recover nesting territories for marine turtles. The Sea Turtle Protection Program of Akumal, in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, was created in 1993 and was developed by the Akumal Ecological Center. This paper provides the nesting ecology parameters for Caretta caretta over a protection period of 24 years (1995–2018). A well-defined nesting peak was observed in June, with a nesting success rate of 75.2 ± 23.0%. Nesting females showed a mean curved carapace length of 99.0 ± 5.6  cm. The mean clutch size was 108.6 ± 24.6 eggs, with variation among years. The mean incubation period was 57.2 ± 6.2 days. The hatching and emergence success rates were 87.2 ± 16.9% and 78.8 ± 24.4%, respectively. For the 926 tagged females that returned, the remigration interval peaked at 726 days, with a 12-day inter-nesting period. The results show not only the recovery of the nesting population over time but also a decrease in female size; we postulate that this decrease is due to the recruitment of young females, which has been increasingly pronounced since 2010. Hence, the Akumal rookery plays an important role in its corresponding regional management unit (Atlantic Northwest).
Diagnostic reference values for sarcopenia in Tibetans in China
Authors: Ye Liping , Wen Youfeng , Chen Ying , Yao Jie , Li Xin , Liu Yingying , Song Jia , Sun Zhengqi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSarcopenia is an age-associated disease characterized by loss of muscle mass and function, but the diagnostic cutoff values remain controversial. To investigate the diagnostic cutoff values and incidence of sarcopenia in a plateau population, the limb skeletal muscle mass, gait speed and grip strength of 2318 Tibetan adults were measured according to the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. We found that the diagnostic reference values for sarcopenia in the high-altitude population were significantly lower than those in the plain population, and the incidences of sarcopenia in the high-altitude population over 60 years old were 17.2% in men and 36.0% in women, which were significantly higher than those in the plain population. Our study proposes reference values for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in Tibet. We suggest that the cutoff value for sarcopenia in the plateau population should be established based on altitude. Hypoxia may be an important risk factor for sarcopenia.
Muscle oxygen dynamics in elite climbers during finger-hang tests at varying intensities
Authors: Feldmann Andri M. , Erlacher Daniel , Pfister Sandro , Lehmann Remo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to measure muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) dynamics during a climbing specific task until failure in varying conditions. Our prediction was that SmO2 should be a good marker to predict task failure. Eleven elite level climbers performed a finger-hang test on a 23 mm wooden rung under four different weighted conditions, 1. body weight (BW), 2. body weight +20% (BW +20), 3. body weight −20% (BW −20) and 4. body weight −40% (BW −40), maintaining half crimp grip until voluntary exhaustion. During each trial SmO2 and time to task failure (TTF) were measured. TTF was then compared to the minimally attainable value of SmO2 (SmO2min) and time to SmO2min (TTmin). There is a considerable degree of agreement between attainable SmO2min at high intensity conditions (MBW = 21.6% ± 6.4; MBW+20 = 24.0% ± 7.0; MBW−20 = 23.0% ± 7.3). Bland-Altman plot with an a priori set equivalency interval of ±5% indicate that these conditions are statistically not different (MBW-BW + 20 = −2.4%, 95% CI [1.4, −6.2]; MBW−Bw−20 = −1.3, 95% CI [2.5, −5.1]). The fourth and lowest intensity condition (MBW −40 = 32.4% ± 8.8) was statistically different and not equivalent (MBW-BW −40 = −8.8%, 95% CI [−5.0, −12.6]). The same agreement was found between TTF and TTmin for the high intensity conditions plotted via Bland-Altman. While the rate with which oxygen was extracted and utilised changed with the conditions, the attainable SmO2min remained constant at high intensity conditions and was related to TTF.
Analysis of defensive secretion of a milkweed bug Lygaeus equestris by 1D GC-MS and GC×GC-MS: sex differences and host-plant effect
Authors: Havlikova Martina , Bosakova Tereza , Petschenka Georg , Cabala Radomir , Exnerova Alice , Bosakova Zuzana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe composition of defensive secretion produced by metathoracic scent glands was analysed in males and females of the milkweed bugLygaeus equestris(Heteroptera) using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS). The bugs were raised either on cardenolide-containingAdonis vernalisor on control sunflower seeds in order to determine whether the possibility to sequester cardenolides from their host plants would affect the composition of defensive scent-gland secretion. Profiles of the composition of defensive secretions of males and females raised on sunflower were closely similar, with predominant presence of (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-octen-1-ol, decanal and 3-octen-1-ol acetate. The secretion of bugs raised onA. vernaliswas more sexually dimorphic, and some chemicals e.g. (E,E)-2,4-hexadienyl acetate and 2-phenylethyl acetate were dominant in males, but absent in females. Compared to bugs from sunflower, the scent-gland secretion of bugs raised onA. vernaliswas characterized by lower overall intensity of the peaks obtained for detected chemicals and by absence of some chemicals that have supposedly antipredatory function ((E)-2-hexenal, (E)-4-oxo-hex-2-enal, 2,4-octadienal). The results suggest that there might be a trade-off between the sequestration of defensive chemicals from host plants and their synthesis in metathoracic scent-glands.
68Ga-labeled PSMA-11 (68Ga-isoPROtrace-11) synthesized with ready to use kit: normal biodistribution and uptake characteristics of tumour lesions
Authors: Kurash Marina Muchnik , Gill Ronit , Khairulin Maria , Harbosh Hanan , Keidar Zohar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract68Ga-PSMA-11, the radiotracer of choice for imaging of prostate cancer (PCa), may be produced with several radiolabeling techniques. Current study aimed to analyze various imaging parameters of the cold kit methodology produced 68Ga-PSMA-11 (68Ga-isoPROtrace-11) and to compare the results to available data in literature. Eighty 68Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans were evaluated. 68Ga-isoPROtrace-11 for all the studies was produced by the room temperature cold kit methodology using a lyophilized ready-to-use vial. Normal biodistribution of the tracer was recorded by measuring mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and compared to the available published data. Pathological tracer uptake was measured using SUVmax in prostate gland (48 patients), lymph nodes (22 patients), bones (20 patients) and soft tissues (6 patients). Average tumour-to-background and tumour-to-liver contrast ratios were calculated. The data of 80 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scans were analyzed. Radiochemical purity of the tracer was 91% or more. The highest normal tissue uptake value of 68Ga-isoPROtrace-11 was found in the kidneys (average SUVmean 41.7), followed by the parotid (average SUVmean 14.5) and submandibular glands (average SUVmean 13.02). Normal prostate tissue showed low tracer uptake (average SUVmean 2.4). The biodistribution of 68Ga-isoPROtrace-11 in normal tissues was found to be similar to other published results. Pathological uptake (average SUVmax ± standard deviation) in prostate gland was 11.3 ± 7.5, in lymph node metastases 14.6 ± 13.7, in bones 15.9 ± 15.9 and 24.2 ± 16.4 in soft tissues. Average tumour uptake of 68Ga-isoPROtrace-11 in prostate was 11.3, in lymph node metastases 14.6, in bone metastases 15.9 and in soft tissue metastases 24.2. Average tumour-to-liver and tumour-to-mediastinal blood pool ratios were 2.7 and 13.54 respectively. This study presents biodistribution data of 68Ga-isoPROtrace-11 in a large PCa patient subset, showing clinical applicability of the tracer. Using cold kit technology may enable a high quality and easy labeling process.
LINC00978 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma carcinogenesis partly via activating the MAPK/ERK pathway
Authors: Zhang Quan , Cheng Shujie , Cao Liye , Yang Jihong , Wang Yu , Chen Yaqing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00978 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) carcinogenesis.
Materials and methods: LINC00978 expression level was measured by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in HCC tissues and adjacent healthy liver tissues from 49 HCC patients. MTT assay, colony forming assay, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the effects of shRNA-mediated LINC00978 knockdown on HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in vitro. Xenograft tumor model was performed to determine the effects of LINC00978 knockdown on HCC tumor growth in vivo. Western blot was used to assess the activation of signaling molecules in the apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.
Results: LINC00978 expression was significantly up-regulated in human HCC tissue relative to adjacent normal tissue, and LINC00978 high expression was correlated with poor HCC overall survival. LINC00978 was up-regulated in HCC cell lines. ShRNA-mediated LINC00978 knockdown significantly decreased HCC cell proliferation, and induced HCC cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. LINC00978 knockdown led to significant decrease in tumor xenograft size in vivo. Western blots revealed LINC00978 inhibition decreased ERK, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in HCC cells.
Conclusions: LINC00978 is highly expressed in human HCC tissue and correlates with poor HCC prognosis. LINC00978 promotes HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and survival, partially by activating the MAPK/ERK pathway. Our findings partially elucidated the roles of LINC00978 in HCC carcinogenesis, and identified a therapeutic target for HCC.
Radar cross‐sections of pedestrians at automotive radar frequencies using ray tracing and point scatterer modelling
Authors: Deep Yoshana , Held Patrick , Ram Shobha Sundar , Steinhauser Dagmar , Gupta Anshu , Gruson Frank , Koch Andreas , Roy Anirban 
Published: February 2020

Simulation of radar cross‐sections of pedestrians at automotive radar frequencies forms a key tool for software verification test beds for advanced driver assistance systems. Two commonly used simulation methods are the computationally simple scattering centre model of dynamic humans and the shooting and bouncing ray technique based on geometric optics. The latter technique is more accurate but computationally complex. Hence, it is usually used only for modelling scattered returns of still human poses. In this work, the authors combine the two methods in a linear regression framework to accurately estimate the scattering coefficients or reflectivities of point scatterers in a realistic automotive radar signal model which they subsequently use to simulate range‐time, Doppler‐time and range‐Doppler radar signatures. The simulated signatures show a normalised mean square error <10% and a structural similarity >81% with respect to measurement results generated with an automotive radar at 77 GHz.
Analytical representation for ephemeride with short time spans
Authors: Xi X. J. , Vienne A. 
Published: February 2020

Context. The ephemerides of natural satellites resulting from numerical integration have a very good precision on the fitting to recent observations, in a limited interval. Meanwhile, synthetic ephemerides like the Théorie Analytique des Satellites de Saturne (TASS) by Vienne and Duriez describe in detail the dynamical system by a representation based on the combinations of the proper frequencies. Some theoretical studies need to have both advantages. For example, to study the rotation of Titan, one needs to know the representation of its longitude.
Aims. We aim to use these two types of ephemerides in order to rebuild a long-lasting and high-precision ephemeris with proper frequencies based on the numerical integration ephemeris. The aim is to describe the numerical ephemerides with formulas similar to analytical ones.
Methods. We used the representation of the orbital elements from the TASS ephemeris analysed over 10 000 years as a reference template. We obtained the proper frequencies with both numerical and the TASS ephemeris over 1000 years only. A least-square procedure allowed us to get the analytical representation of an orbital element in this limited interval.
Results. We acquire the representation of the mean longitude of Titan from JPL ephemeris over 1000 years. For almost all components, the corresponding amplitudes and phases are similar to the relative terms from TASS. The biggest difference between our representation and the mean longitude of Titan of JPL is less than 100 km over 1000 years, and the standard deviation is about 26 km.
Radiation hydrodynamical simulations of eruptive mass loss from progenitors of Type Ibn/IIn supernovae
Authors: Kuriyama Naoto , Shigeyama Toshikazu 
Published: February 2020

Context. Observations suggest that some massive stars experience violent and eruptive mass loss associated with significant brightening that cannot be explained by hydrostatic stellar models. This event seemingly forms dense circumstellar matter (CSM). The mechanism of eruptive mass loss has not been fully explained. We focus on the fact that the timescale of nuclear burning gets shorter than the dynamical timescale of the envelope a few years before core collapse for some massive stars.
Aims. To reveal the properties of the eruptive mass loss, we investigate its relation to the energy injection at the bottom of the envelope supplied by nuclear burning taking place inside the core. In this study, we do not specify the actual mechanism for transporting energy from the site of nuclear burning to the bottom of the envelope. Instead, we parameterize the amount of injected energy and the injection time and try to extract information on these parameters from comparisons with observations.
Methods. We carried out 1D radiation hydrodynamical simulations for progenitors of red, yellow, and blue supergiants, and Wolf–Rayet stars. We calculated the evolution of the progenitors with a public stellar evolution code.
Results. We obtain the light curve associated with the eruption, the amount of ejected mass, and the CSM distribution at the time of core-collapse.
Conclusions. The energy injection at the bottom of the envelope of a massive star within a period shorter than the dynamical timescale of the envelope could reproduce some observed optical outbursts prior to the core-collapse and form the CSM, which can power an interaction supernova classified as Type IIn.
Diagnostics of plasma ionisation using torsional Alfén waves
Authors: Ballai I. 
Published: February 2020

Aims. Using the recently observed torsional Alfvén waves in solar prominences, we determine the ionisation state of the plasma by taking into account that Alfvén waves propagate in a partially ionised prominence plasma. We derive the evolutionary equation of waves and compare the analytical solutions to observations to determine the number density of neutrals.
Methods. Using a single fluid plasma approximation, where the wave damping is provided by the Cowling resistivity, we study the temporal evolution of waves. By comparing the solution of equations with observational data (period, amplitude, propagation speed), we determined the value of the Cowling resistivity that led us to draw a conclusion on the amount of neutrals in the partially ionised plasma, a quantity that cannot be measured directly or indirectly.
Results. Our results show that damped torsional Alfvén waves are an ideal diagnostic tool for the ionisation state of the plasma. Using a simple model, we find that at the observational temperature of torsional Alfvén waves, the number of neutrals, is of the order of 5 × 1010 cm−3.
Differenzialdiagnose der Linksherzhypertrophie
Authors: Sinning Christoph , Knappe Dorit , Sinning Jan-Malte , Hagendorff Andreas 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer echokardiografische Befund der linksventrikulären Hypertrophie impliziert im klinischen Alltag mehrere wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen. Häufig wird die linksventrikuläre Hypertrophie als Befund in einer sogenannten Routine-Echokardiografie erhoben. Für den Kliniker ist jedoch die zugrunde liegende Ursache für die linksventrikuläre Wandverdickung von entscheidender Bedeutung, um die weitere Diagnostik oder Behandlung zu planen. Der folgende Übersichtsartikel legt den Fokus auf physiologische und pathophysiologische Ursachen der linksventrikulären Wandverdickung. Eine physiologische Hypertrophie wird vor allem bei Sportlern beobachtet und als Sportlerherz charakterisiert, eine pathologische linksventrikuläre Wandverdickung liegt z. B. bei der hypertrophen Kardiomyopathie und bei der Amyloidose oder einer Ödembildung vor.
Linksventrikuläre Funktionsdiagnostik
Authors: ten Freyhaus Henrik 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Analyse der linksventrikulären (LV) Funktion ist eine der Hauptaufgaben in der Echokardiografie und hat entscheidende Bedeutung für Therapieentscheidungen (medikamentös, chirurgisch/interventionell, Device-Implantation) und Prognose. Aus diesen Gründen ist sie Bestandteil jeder echokardiografischen Evaluation. Seit den Anfängen mittels M-Mode hat die Methode eine Entwicklung mit Implementierung neuer Technologien wie 2-D- und 3-D-Echokardiografie und Doppler- sowie zuletzt Mustererkennungs-basierte Strainanalyse genommen. So wird eine exaktere Quantifizierung der LV-Funktion ermöglicht, die die Therapiesteuerung mittels Echokardiografie verbessert. Hier wird die aktuelle echokardiografische Evaluation der systolischen und diastolischen LV-Funktion dargestellt.
Lipödem – Grundlagen und aktuelle Thesen zum Pathomechanismus
Authors: Wiedner Maria , Aghajanzadeh Donia , Richter Dirk F. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Lipödem ist eine schmerzhafte, chronisch-fortschreitende Erkrankung, die durch eine symmetrische Unterhautfettgewebsvermehrung mit Flüssigkeitseinlagerung an den Beinen und/oder Armen gekennzeichnet ist. Durch Unkenntnis über das Krankheitsbild wird die Erkrankung häufig nicht erkannt oder fehlgedeutet. Eine korrekte Diagnostik und Behandlung ist jedoch wichtig, da die Prognose der Erkrankung beeinflusst werden kann. Eine kausale Therapie für das Lipödem ist nicht bekannt, da die genaue Ätiologie noch nicht vollständig geklärt ist. Aufgrund einer beschriebenen familiären Häufung der Erkrankung wird eine erbliche Komponente vermutet. Da das Lipödem fast ausschließlich bei Frauen auftritt und der Erkrankungsbeginn häufig mit Einsetzen von hormonellen Veränderungen in Zusammenhang steht (Pubertät, Schwangerschaft, Menopause), wird außerdem dem Östrogen eine entscheidende Bedeutung für die Entstehung zugemessen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit präsentieren wir einen Überblick über die Symptome und klinischen Merkmale des Lipödems, seine Differenzialdiagnosen, die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und zuletzt die aktuellen Hypothesen zur Pathogenese des Lipödems.
Association between Type of Anesthesia and Risk of Blood Transfusion Events in Primary Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Cohort Study in Singapore
Authors: Zhu Zhongxin , Tong Peijian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated whether the type of anesthesia independently related to risk of blood transfusion events in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after adjusting for other covariates. This was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA in Singapore. The independent variable was the type of anesthesia and the dependent variable was blood transfusion events. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for variables that might affect the choice of anesthesia or blood transfusion events. Additional analyses examined this association by the subgroup analysis by using stratified multivariate logistic regression models. Of all 2,366 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA, 120 (5.1%) developed blood transfusion events. Sixty-four (4.1%) of 1,560 patients with regional anesthesia (RA) developed blood transfusion events, compared with 56 (6.9%) of 806 patients with general anesthesia (GA; (p = 0.003). After adjusting for age, sex, preoperative hemoglobin, and other variables, patients who received RA had a decreased risk of blood transfusion events compared with those receiving GA (odds ratio [OR]: 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35–0.81). This risk further decreased in male (OR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.07–0.59) and participants whose operation time ≥ 90 minutes (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19–0.78). Our results indicated that patients receiving primary unilateral TKA who were managed with RA had a significantly decreased risk of blood transfusion events compared with those with GA, especially in male and participants whose operation time ≥ 90 minutes.
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: An Underestimated Cause of Pediatric Thromboembolism
Authors: Griesser Christina , Myskiw Michael , Streif Werner 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a chronic disease caused by complement-mediated hemolysis. Clinical symptoms include intravascular hemolysis, nocturnal hemoglobinuria, thromboses, cytopenia, fatigue, abdominal pain, and a strong tendency toward bone marrow failure. It is a rare disease, especially in children, with high mortality rates without appropriate treatment.We here present the case of a 17-year-old girl with unprovoked muscle vein thrombosis. Flow cytometric analysis showed deficiency of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins on all three hematopoietic cell lines and confirmed the diagnosis of PNH. Treatment with the monoclonal antibody eculizumab achieved long-term remission.As flow cytometry is normally not part of the routine diagnostics for pediatric thrombosis, awareness is crucial and PNH is important to consider in all children with thrombosis at atypical sites and abnormalities in blood counts with regard to hemolysis and cytopenia.