bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body Part Segmentation of Anime Characters
Authors: Ou Zhenhua , Liu Xueting , Li Chengze , Wen Zhenkun , Li Ping , Gao Zhijian , Wu Huisi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSemantic segmentation is an important approach to present the perceptual semantic understanding of an image, which is of significant usage in various applications. Especially, body part segmentation is designed for segmenting body parts of human characters to assist different editing tasks, such as style editing, pose transfer, and animation production. Since segmentation requires pixel‐level precision in semantic labeling, classic heuristics‐based methods generally have unstable performance. With the deployment of deep learning, a great step has been taken in segmenting body parts of human characters in natural photographs. However, the existing models are purely trained on natural photographs and generally obtain incorrect segmentation results when applied on anime character images, due to the large visual gap between training data and testing data. In this article, we present a novel approach to achieving body part segmentation of cartoon characters via a pose‐based graph‐cut formulation. We demonstrate the use of the acquired body part segmentation map in various image editing tasks, including conditional generation, style manipulation, pose transfer, and video‐to‐anime.
Antimicrobial and Anti‐Inflammatory Activity of Bauhinia Pulchella Extract Fractions
Authors: Lima de Carvalho Jarbas , Carlota da Silva Horlando , Pinheiro Santiago Gilvandete Maria , da Cruz Fonseca Said Gonçalves , Pinheiro Rodrigues João Felipe , de Oliveira Pereira Pedro Igor , de Oliveira Rodrigues Raphael , Ueda Yaochite Juliana Navarro , Dodou Lima Hilania Valéria , Lima Sampaio Tiago , Perrelli Randau Karina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory activities of fractions from the stem extract of Bauhinia pulchella Benth. The ethanolic extract was fractionated using column adsorption chromatography, resulting in a hexane fraction (J1) and a dichloromethane fraction (J2), both rich in terpenes and steroids. Characterization was performed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Antimicrobial activity was assessed through minimal lethal concentrations (MLC) and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), and the checkerboard method was employed to evaluate the synergistic effect. For anti‐inflammatory activity, an in vitro model using murine macrophage cell culture (RAW 264.7) was employed to measure the levels of nitric oxide (NO), TGF‐β, and TNF‐α. The results demonstrated antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 10226, S. cholerasuis ATCC 14028, the genus Candida, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, and S. aureus ATCC 25923. Synergism was observed between the fractions and cephalexin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and polymyxin. The use of fractions J1 (125, 62.5, and 31.25 µg/mL) and J2 (62.5 µg/mL) resulted in a significant reduction in TNF‐α levels. For NO and TGF‐β, both J1 (125, 62.5, and 31.25 µg/mL) and J2 (62.5, 31.25, and 15.625 µg/mL) fractions showed significant reductions in these inflammatory markers.
From Harmless to Harmful: A Case Series of Hepatic Abscess Induced by Gut Microbiota Due to Fish Bone
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Nadeem , Rafay Muhammad , Ahmed Muhammad , Uddin Mallick Muhammad Zohaib , Akram Saba , Nadeem Naila , Memon Wasim , Fazal Kamran , Khan Faheemullah , Zafar Uffan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAccidental ingestion of fish bones can lead to serious complications, such as gastrointestinal perforation and hepatic abscesses. This case series presents three instances where fish bone ingestion led to secondary GI tract perforation and the development of hepatic abscesses. It also emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention to prevent serious consequences.
Modular Synthesis of C2‐Symmetric Chiral TPy‐BPI Pincer Ligands and Application in Asymmetric Ni(II)‐Catalysed Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation
Authors: Cen Hong‐Xing , Ding Li‐Ping , Liu Lin‐Lu , Pan Wei‐Dong , Zhu Xian‐Qiao , Li Wu‐Wu , Zhang Wen‐Jing , Peng Li‐Jun , Liu Xiong‐Li 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryTerpyridine ligands have been applied as a class of unique ligands due to their rich coordination chemistry in the catalysis. Herein, we developed a new class of C2‐symmetric chiral terpyridine‐pyrroloimidazolone ligands (TPy‐BPI). Their catalytic activity was evaluated in the asymmetric Friedel‐Crafts alkylation of indoles with 2,3‐dioxopyrrolidines. Excellent yields (up to 92%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee) are obtained for a wide range of substrates under mild conditions. In addition to 2,3‐dioxopyrrolidines, β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoesters were also compatible in the Ni(OTf)2‐TPy‐BPI ligand L1‐catalyzed reaction. Control experiments, single crystal structure of two TPy‐BPI L1‐Ni(OTf)2 complexes, and DFT calculations revealed the origins of the enantioselectivity. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first report showing that the terpyridine framework contained only two nitrogen atoms coordinating with the metal, and the additional pyridine unit only acted as stereodirecting element, which is different from the previously reported terpyridine ligands containing all three nitrogen atoms coordinating with the metal.
Efficient Self‐assembly of Isoquinoline‐Based Triply Interlocked Cages
Authors: Mu Qiu‐Shui , Wang Xin‐Yu , Gao Xiang , Jin Guo‐Xin 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryTriple interlocked systems represent highly intricate topological structures, formed by entwining two mechanically interlocked cages. Achieving controlled and straightforward construction of these aesthetic topologies continues to pose an enduring challenge. Herein, we employ a coordination‐driven self‐assembly strategy, capitalizing on non‐covalent interactions in conjunction with half‐sandwich metal units and meticulously designed isoquinoline‐based ligands, to achieve the effective construction of organometallic interlocked cages 1 and 2. The resulting triple interlocked system's formation and architecture were validated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and comprehensive NMR tests. The Independent Gradient Model (IGM) more intuitively demonstrates the multiple stacking interactions within cage compounds, while planarity analysis elucidates the self‐adaptability of the ligands and their tunable conformations.
Butterfly Diversity and Community Dynamics in the Central Himalayas: Species Composition, Richness, Abundance, and Seasonal Variation of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Bhorletar, Nepal
Authors: KC Sajan , Sapkota Anisha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTButterflies are among the most effective bioindicators of climate change; however, their diversity in many rural areas of the Central Himalayas remains understudied. This study provides an assessment of butterfly diversity in the foothills of Bhorletar, Madhya Nepal Municipality, Lamjung District, Nepal, within an elevation range of 420–600 m. Conducted between July 2019 and January 2021, the survey involved opportunistic observations and photography of adult butterflies in their natural habitats, with sampling occurring six times each month. The study aimed to investigate the species composition, richness, and abundance of butterflies across the survey period and identify seasonal changes in species composition and richness. A total of 94,009 individuals across 226 species, 129 genera, and six families were documented. During this study, Halpe arcuata Evans, 1937 and Hasora taminatus bhavara Fruhstorfer, 1911 were recorded for the first time in Nepal. Additionally, Halpe filda Evans, 1949 and Ctenoptilum vasava vasava (Moore, [1866]) were recorded for only the second and third times, respectively, in Nepal, following a gap of approximately three decades. The most abundant species was Pieris canidia indica Evans, 1926 (Relative Abundance [RA] 2.55%), followed by Pseudozizeeria maha maha (Kollar, [1844]) (RA 2.13%). Species richness showed an annual bimodal distribution, peaking in April (180 species) and August (161 species), while the lowest richness was observed in January and February, with 68 and 75 species, respectively. Diversity indices included a Shannon–Wiener index of 4.71, Pielou's J index of 0.87, an effective number of species of 111.24, and Margalef's richness index of 19.65, indicating high species diversity with a well‐balanced mix of species evenness and richness. This study offers the first peer‐reviewed checklist of butterflies from Bhorletar, providing crucial baseline data for future research and conservation efforts, and highlights the remarkable seasonal and species diversity within the region.
Life on Green Patches: Diversity and Seasonal Changes of Butterfly Communities Associated With Wastelands of the Post‐Industrial Central European City
Authors: Pietrzak Sylwia , Pabis Krzysztof 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUrban wastelands are among the most neglected urban habitats. Our study demonstrated that those spatially restricted patches of vegetation are an important refuge for various species of butterflies. We have assessed the diversity, distribution patterns, and seasonal changes of butterfly communities based on two‐year (2019–2020), quantitative studies at 5 urban wastelands in a large post‐industrial city in Central Poland. Forty‐six species of butterflies were recorded in the city. We have noticed homogeneity of fauna, although all investigated sites were characterised by high diversity and co‐occurrence of species associated with different habitats (e.g., grasslands, woodlands). Most of the species were common in Central Poland, although we have also recorded the presence of more specialised butterflies. Bray–Curtis similarity analysis reflected mostly seasonal changes in species composition. Seasonal patterns were very similar at all investigated sites and during both seasons, pointing to relative stability. Urban wastelands hosted from 34 to 41 species. This pattern results from the high diversity of microhabitats and the co‐occurrence of various plant species at single sites, which is very important for plant‐dependent organisms like butterflies.
TFR: A Temporal Feature‐Refined Multi‐Stage Carbon Price Forecasting
Authors: Zhou Yang , Jin Chengyao , Ren Ke , Gao Shangbing , Yu Yangxin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate carbon price forecasting is crucial for effective carbon market analysis and decision‐making. We propose a novel Temporal Feature‐Refined (TFR) model to address the challenges of complex dependencies and high noise levels in carbon price time series data. The TFR model integrates Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) for signal decomposition, an Autoencoder for feature optimization, and a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) for capturing long‐range temporal dependencies. It incorporates both traditional economic factors and unconventional determinants such as air quality, policy uncertainty, and public sentiment. Experiments on the Shanghai carbon trading market demonstrate that the TFR model significantly outperforms existing methods, achieving an 83.96% improvement in MAE over Support Vector Regression (SVR) and up to a 65.56% improvement over Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Further analyses, including comparisons with different decomposition models and ablation studies, confirm the effectiveness of each component and the overall model.
The Correlation Analysis Between m6A Methylation Modification and Ferroptosis Induced by Cigarette Smoke in Human Bronchial Epithelium
Authors: Duan Xiaomei , Hu Tingting , Xu Lijuan , Li Zheng , Jing Jing , Xu Dan , Ding Jianbing , Li Fengsen , Jiang Min , Wang Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent respiratory condition, is characterized by long‐term airway inflammation, which can lead to airway remodeling and persistent airflow restriction. Exposure to cigarette smoke is known as a major contributor to COPD development. Research has confirmed that ferroptosis and m6A modification are closely related to various inflammatory‐related diseases. However, the correlation between m6A methylation and ferroptosis in COPD has not been confirmed. In this study, combined with bioinformatics analysis and molecular biology methods we investigated how m6A methylation was correlated to ferroptosis‐associated genes (SLC7A11 and NQO‐1) in cigarette smoke induced 16HBES cells.MethodsTwo microarray datasets (GSE30063 and GSE64614) were combined to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through the application of bioinformatics techniques. A cigarette smoke (CS)‐induced 16HBE cells model was established. The ROS, GSH, MDA, and total iron content were detected by relevant detection kits. The expression levels associated with ferroptosis and m6A methylation modification‐related genes were determined via reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot.ResultsOverall, 529 DEGs were identified in the above two databases. For COPD patients, significant changes were observed in FAGs (GCLC, NQO‐1, SLC7A11) and m6A methylation‐related genes (FTO). A negative correlation was also noted between the expression level of genes linked to ferroptosis (SLC7A11 and NQO‐1) and that of the m6A methylation gene (FTO). The in vitro experiments results indicate that SLC7A11 and NQO‐1 were significantly downregulated, and FTO were significantly upregulated. In addition, cigarette smoke stimulation increased the levels of MDA, LPO, and ROS, while reducing the content of GSH and total iron content in 16HBE cells.ConclusionOur findings explored the relationship between ferroptosis and m6A methylation in COPD, and screened out SLC7A11, NQO‐1 and FTO may be critical in the pathogenesis of COPD.
Incidence, characteristics and outcome of therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms in women with epithelial ovarian cancer after exposure to poly‐ADPribose polymerase inhibitors: A cancer center experience
Authors: Verrou Evgenia , Koutoukoglou Prodromos , Kontana Evangelia , Gogolopoulos Stavros , Sevastoudi Aggeliki , Daiou Aikaterini , Dalampira Dimitra , Triantafyllou Theodora , Radounislis Anastasios , Karampatzakis Nikolaos , Papadopoulou Theodosia , Giannouli Eleni , Bouliopoulos George‐Panteleimon , Yiannaki Efthalia , Tzimou Maria , Polychronidou Genovefa , Papalexandri Apostolia , Boutis Anastasios , Katodritou Eirini 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) target the DNA repair pathways and have been established in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as maintenance therapy inducing prolonged survival. However, recently published data showed that PARPi may increase the risk of therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms (t‐MN) including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Herein, we investigated the incidence, characteristics, and management of t‐MN among EOC patients after exposure to PARPi in a Greek Cancer Center. We analyzed 112 consecutive EOC patients treated with PARPi with a median age of 58 years (range 28–84). Olaparib and Niraparib were used in 90 and 22 patients, respectively. The median number of previous chemotherapy lines and duration of treatment with PARPi were 2 (range 1–9) lines and 12 (range 2–24) months, respectively. The incidence of t‐MN among patients treated with PARPi was 3.57% (4/112). Patients with t‐MN were distributed as follows: t‐MDS: 1, t‐MDS/AML: 1, t‐AML: 2. We observed adverse cytogenetic features in t‐MN patients leading to dismal prognosis. In conclusion, in accordance with previous real‐world reports, we confirm a notable risk for t‐MN in EOC patients treated with PARPi. As PARPi are an emerging therapy for many neoplasms, there is an unmet clinical need to identify patients who are considered at high risk for developing t‐MN post‐therapy with PARPi in order to introduce potential preventive strategies.
Microplastic Effects on Soil Aggregation in Sterilized and Non‐Sterilized Soils
Authors: Li Haixiao , Yang Longyuan , Luo Chenghui , Liu Le , Li Cheng , Ziadi Noura 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe adverse impact of soil microplastics on aggregation is generally attributed to the potential toxicity to soil microorganisms. However, there have been few studies that use sterile soil as a control environment for comparison with regular soils to test this hypothesis. Consequently, this study conducted soil incubation with oven‐heated sterilized soils to explore the effects of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) microplastics (at sizes of 0.595, 0.089, and 0.009 mm) on the soil aggregate stabilities. The aim was to determine if their primary mode of action is through biogenic interactions with soil microorganisms. The microplastics reduced 49% and 82% water‐stable aggregates of 0.5–1 and 1–2 mm fractions in Tianjin soils, respectively. The effects of microplastics were particularly pronounced in the non‐sterilized soils during the initial month of incubation. Additionally, microplastics increased the surface roughness of aggregates by an average of 39%, yet microplastics did not significantly affect the aggregate mechanical stability in either soil type. This study suggests that interactions between soil microplastics and microorganisms work crucially on soil aggregation, but microplastics could also possibly affect soil aggregation through non‐biogenic pathways.
Accuracy analysis of cholesterol analyzer in detecting dyslipidemia in truck drivers
Authors: Machado Alessandra Aparecida Vieira , Cunha Rosemeyre Vasconcelos Carvalho , de Arruda Renato Bichat Pinto , Silva Tays Oliveira , de Oliveira Julliete Cristina , Cury Eunice Stella Jardim , Sales Antonio , Korin Stella Hissami , Ferraz Cabral Flavio Júnior , Roever Leonardo , Grande Antonio José 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Rapid diagnostic tools are crucial for timely intervention, especially in high‐risk groups such as truck drivers. In Brazil, the Mission® test uniquely offers test strips for simultaneous measurement of total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL). This study evaluates the accuracy of the Mission® analyzer compared to laboratory testing for HDL‐C, TG, and TC in truck drivers. A blinded cross‐sectional study was conducted among truck drivers aged 30–64 in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Spearman correlation, linear regression, and the Bland–Altman analyses were employed to compare lipid profile results between the Mission® analyzer and laboratory methods. A total of 108 samples were analyzed. For HDL, the Mission® analyzer showed a sensitivity of 0.88, a specificity of 0.67, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.68–0.86). For TG, sensitivity and specificity were 0.96 and 0.98, respectively, with an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93–1.0). For TC, the AUC was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79–0.95). Bland–Altman analysis revealed biases of −4.5 for HDL, 12.4 for TC, and −42.8 for TG between Mission® and laboratory results. The Mission® analyzer demonstrates good accuracy for rapid dyslipidemia diagnosis and Framingham Global Risk Score calculation. It is a valuable tool for initial screening and risk assessment, confirmation with laboratory testing is recommended for definitive diagnosis and treatment planning.
Reconstructing a Random Source for a Stochastic Equation With Biharmonic Operator With Fractional White Noise
Authors: Feng Xiaoli , Chen Chen , Zhang Yun , Yao Qiang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAt present, inverse random problems are receiving increasing attention, especially the case of inverse random sources. Here, we are interested in an inverse random source problem with biharmonic operator. The same as the existing studies of inverse random source problems, some theoretical results of the corresponding direct and inverse problems have been investigated in this paper. The difference is that the source term is driven by time‐fractional Brownian motion, and the spatial function in the source term needs to be determined. It has been found that, for different problems, the properties of the integrand in the corresponding stochastic integrals are distinct, which has a significant impact on the entire theoretical analysis. For the problem considered here, the lack of monotonicity in the integrand of the stochastic integrals makes the analysis more challenging. Additionally, biharmonic operators will cause some difficulties in numerical calculations.
Encoding matching criteria for cross‐domain deformable image registration
Authors: Wang Zhuoyuan , Wang Haiqiao , Ni Dong , Xu Ming , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMost existing deep learning‐based registration methods are trained on single‐type images to address same‐domain tasks, resulting in performance degradation when applied to new scenarios. Retraining a model for new scenarios requires extra time and data. Therefore, efficient and accurate solutions for cross‐domain deformable registration are in demand.PurposeWe argue that the tailor‐made matching criteria in traditional registration methods is one of the main reason they are applicable in different domains. Motivated by this, we devise a registration‐oriented encoder to model the matching criteria of image features and structural features, which is beneficial to boost registration accuracy and adaptability.MethodsSpecifically, a general feature encoder (Encoder‐G) is proposed to capture comprehensive medical image features, while a structural feature encoder (Encoder‐S) is designed to encode the structural self‐similarity into the global representation. Moreover, by updating Encoder‐S using one‐shot learning, our method can effectively adapt to different domains. The efficacy of our method is evaluated using MRI images from three different domains, including brain images (training/testing: 870/90 pairs), abdomen images (training/testing: 1406/90 pairs), and cardiac images (training/testing: 64770/870 pairs). The comparison methods include traditional method (SyN) and cutting‐edge deep networks. The evaluation metrics contain dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD).ResultsIn the single‐domain task, our method attains an average DSC of 68.9%/65.2%/72.8%, and ASSD of 9.75/3.82/1.30 mm on abdomen/cardiac/brain images, outperforming the second‐best comparison methods by large margins. In the cross‐domain task, without one‐shot optimization, our method outperforms other deep networks in five out of six cross‐domain scenarios and even surpasses symmetric image normalization method (SyN) in two scenarios. By conducting the one‐shot optimization, our method successfully surpasses SyN in all six cross‐domain scenarios.ConclusionsOur method yields favorable results in the single‐domain task while ensuring improved generalization and adaptation performance in the cross‐domain task, showing its feasibility for the challenging cross‐domain registration applications. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/JuliusWang‐7/EncoderReg.