bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good to be bad: Should we be worried by the sharing economy?
Authors: Chalmers Dominic , Matthews Russell 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe develop the notion of a legitimacy tipping point to demonstrate how informal economy practices are being utilized by innovative sharing economy ventures to gain a competitive advantage that is subsequently leveraged to reconfigure formal institutional arrangements. Companies who are able to scale rapidly can afford to contravene regulations, provided they have public support. When they reach a certain size, in terms of investment and customer numbers, regulators are forced into a reactive position where novel business models are legitimized. This raises an important question for regulators and entrepreneurs as to whether subverting business regulation is being viewed as a viable source of competitive advantage by scaling firms.
Conceptualizing and measuring strategy implementation: A multidimensional view
Authors: Amoo Nii , Hiddlestone‐Mumford Jacqueline , Ruzibuka John , Akwei Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhen it comes to strategy making and strategy implementation, although it is acknowledged that the biggest challenge is the implementation, most of the literature tends to focus more on the strategy making part. Just like how the strategy implementation part of the strategy process has received little attention in the strategic planning literature, equally there are not much research devoted to developing measures for studying this important management process and practice. Through quantitative methodological approaches for studying the strategic management and planning process, and analysis of data from 208 senior managers involved in strategy processes within ten UK industrial sectors, this paper addresses this void by presenting evidence on the measurement properties of a multi‐dimensional instrument that assesses ten dimensions of strategy implementation. Using exploratory factor analysis, results indicate the sub‐constructs (the ten dimensions) are uni‐dimensional factors with acceptable reliability and validity. Furthermore, using three additional measures, a correlation and hierarchical regression analysis,the nomological validity for the multi‐dimensional strategy implementation construct was also established. Relative importance of ten strategy implementation dimensions (activities) for practising managers is highlighted, with the mutually and combinative effects and drawing conclusion that senior management involvement leads the way among the ten key identified activities vital for successful strategy implementation.
Strategic management: The evolution of the field
Authors: Bindra Sunali , Parameswar Nakul , Dhir Sanjay 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe merger of “plan” and “pattern” sects of research is essential for the understanding of strategic management understanding and will pose significant methodological challenges. Detailed firm‐ and industry‐level data over long periods will unravel path dependencies. The underlying strategy variables used are causally ambiguous and difficult to measure.
Stakeholder salience and collaboration decisions in microfinance organizations: Evidence from developing Islamic country's context
Authors: Khurram Shahzad , Khurram Anjeela , Memon Mumtaz Ali 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStudies mutually disagree on which stakeholders matter to the managers. Based on a finer differentiation of salience attributes—power, legitimacy, urgency, and proximity—this study finds that stakeholders that possess four attributes' types—that is, structural legitimacy, utilitarian power, organized proximity, and criticality—are considered salient by managers of microfinance organizations. Collaboration with salient stakeholders is considered indispensable by microfinance managers.
Extra‐articular resection for bone sarcomas involving the hip joint
Authors: Fujiwara Tomohiro , Tsuda Yusuke , Evans Scott , Stevenson Jonathan , Parry Michael , Jeys Lee , Abudu Adesegun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the oncologic, functional, and clinical outcomes after the extra‐articular resection and limb‐salvage reconstruction of the hip joint.MethodsA retrospective study of 34 patients who underwent extra‐articular resection of the hip joint for bone sarcomas between 1996 and 2016 was conducted. The primary tumor site was pelvis in 26 patients (76%) and femur in eight (24%).ResultsThe surgical margins achieved were clear in 31 (91%) patients, and seven (21%) patients developed local recurrence; mostly occurring in pelvic tumors (n = 6). The 3‐year overall survival was 63% with a median follow‐up of 38 months (range, 5‐219), which showed no statistical difference in tumor location. The most common complication was deep infection (n = 7) and dislocation (n = 7), mostly seen in pelvic tumors. Implant failure was seen in two patients with pelvic tumors, while no failure was noted in patients with femoral tumors. The median Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 69%; 67% for pelvic tumors and 73% for femoral tumors (P = .535).ConclusionDespite complex surgery, extra‐articular resection of the hip joint can achieve oncologically and functionally acceptable outcomes. While tumors of the pelvis are associated with a higher incidence of infection and local recurrence after resection, resection of tumors involving the femur are well tolerated.
Think global, act local: The small‐scale environment mainly influences microbial community development and function in lake sediment
Authors: Orland Chloé , Yakimovich Kurt M. , Mykytczuk Nadia C. S. , Basiliko Nathan , Tanentzap Andrew J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe early stages of community development influence longer‐term establishment of species, traits, and ultimately ecosystem function. How this process varies with small‐ and large‐scale abiotic and biotic conditions is poorly studied in microbes. Here, we tested how different spatial scales influenced the rate at which taxonomic and functional composition of microbial communities changed over time in lake sediments, and whether these changes occurred synchronously across different environments given the same initial communities. We manipulated the small‐scale environment by creating sediments with different terrestrial organic matter (t‐OM) quantity and quality, and placing these in two lakes differing in trophic status to vary the large‐scale environment. We found that archaeal and bacterial communities, but not fungi, became taxonomically dissimilar over 2 months despite being derived from the same initial leaf material, primarily because of small‐scale environmental conditions. Sediment t‐OM quantity consistently explained changes in community composition both temporally within mesocosms and spatially between mesocosms in different lakes. Archaea, bacteria, and fungi also varied by up to 10 times in how quickly they changed, providing among the first evidence in the same study system that they respond differently over time to abiotic and biotic conditions. Finally, functional composition was influenced by both small‐ and large‐scale environmental conditions, with genes involved in t‐OM decomposition showing some of the largest changes in abundance after 1 yr. Our study highlights that future changes to both sediments and lake waters can modify how sediment microbial communities develop with consequences for important ecosystem functions like carbon cycling.
Comparative genomics of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis E virus provides insights into the evolutionary history of Hepatovirus species
Authors: Wassenaar Trudy M. , Jun Se‐Ran , Robeson Michael , Ussery David W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe intraspecies genomic diversity of the single‐strand RNA (+) virus species hepatitis A virus (Hepatovirus), hepatitis C virus (Hepacivirus), and hepatitis E virus (Orthohepevirus) was compared. These viral species all can cause liver inflammation (hepatitis), but share no gene similarity. The codon usage of human hepatitis A virus (HAV) is suboptimal for replication in its host, a characteristic it shares with taxonomically related rodent, simian, and bat hepatitis A virus species. We found this codon usage to be strikingly similar to that of Triatoma virus that infects blood‐sucking kissing bugs. The codon usage of that virus is well adapted to its insect host. The codon usage of HAV is also similar to other invertebrate viruses of various taxonomic families. An evolutionary ancestor of HAV and related virus species is hypothesized to be an insect virus that underwent a host jump to infect mammals. The similarity between HAV and invertebrate viruses goes beyond codon usage, as they also share amino acid composition characteristics, while not sharing direct sequence homology. In contrast, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis E virus are highly similar in codon usage preference, nucleotide composition, and amino acid composition, and share these characteristics with Human pegivirus A, West Nile virus, and Zika virus. We present evidence that these observations are only partly explained by differences in nucleotide composition of the complete viral codon regions. We consider the combination of nucleotide composition, amino acid composition, and codon usage preference suitable to provide information on possible evolutionary similarities between distant virus species that cannot be investigated by phylogeny.
Hyperphosphorylated Tau, Increased Adenylate Cyclase 5 (ADCY5) Immunoreactivity, but No Neuronal Loss in ADCY5‐Dyskinesia
Authors: Chen Dong‐Hui , Latimer Caitlin S. , Spencer Min , Karna Prasanthi , Gonzalez‐Cuyar Luis F. , Davis Marie Y. , Keene C. Dirk , Bird Thomas D. , Raskind Wendy H. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdenylate cyclase 5 (ADCY5)‐related dyskinesia is a childhood‐onset movement disorder. Manifestations vary in frequency and severity and may include chorea, tremor, dystonia, facial twitches, myoclonus, axial hypotonia, and limb hypertonia. Psychosis is likely part of the broader spectrum. ADCY5 is widely expressed in the brain, especially in the striatum. Previous reports of brain autopsies of 2 subjects with likely ADCY5‐dyskinesia were limited by the absence of a molecular diagnosis. In 1 case, normal gross pathology was reported. In the other case, ADCY5 expression was not examined and neuropathological findings were confounded by age and comorbidities.ObjectivesTo examine ADCY5 expression and neuropathological changes in ADCY5‐dyskinesia.MethodsAn extensive brain autopsy, including immunohistochemical analyses with antibodies to paired helical filament tau, α‐synuclein, amyloid‐β, microtubule‐associated protein 2, and ADCY5, was performed.ResultsThe patient, with a p.M1029K ADCY5 variant, had severe dyskinesias from early childhood, later recurrent episodes of psychosis, and died at age 46. Gross pathology was unremarkable, but we detected increased immunoreactivity for ADCY5 in neurons in multiple brain regions. Despite no history of brain trauma to suggest chronic traumatic encephalopathy, we found tau deposits in the deep cortical sulci, midbrain, and hippocampus with minimal amyloid pathology and no Lewy bodies.ConclusionsWe present the first brain autopsy findings in a molecularly proven case of ADCY5‐dyskinesia, showing increased ADCY5 immunoreactivity in neurons and evidence of tau deposition. Additional patients will need to be studied to determine whether increased immunoreactivity for ADCY5 is a signature for ADCY5‐dyskinesia and whether this disease has a tauopathy component.
A measure of authorship by publications
Authors: Mukherjee Conan , Basu Ranojoy , Alam Aftab 
Published: November 2019

Measuring publication success of a researcher is a complicated task as publications are often co‐authored by multiple authors, and so, it requires comparison of solo publications with joint publications. In this paper, like Price (1981), we argue for an egalitarian perspective in accomplishing this task.More specifically, we justify the need for an ethical perspective in quantifying academic author by identifying certain ethical difficulties of some popular contemporary indices used for this purpose. And then we show that for any given dataset of research papers, the unique method satisfying the ethical notions of identity independence and performance invariance must be the egaliatarian E‐index proposed by Bose, Pal, and Sappington (2010) and Price (1981). In our setting, this egalitarian method divides authorship of joint projects equally among authors and sums across all publications of each author.
Therapy‐refractory schizophrenia in a patient who previously suffered from Meige’s syndrome
Authors: Uemura Tomihiko , Mochida Masahiko , Matsumi Tatsunaru , Yoshimoto Katsuhiko , Tatebayashi Yoshitaka 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe main symptoms of Meige's syndrome are involuntary eye blinking with muddled speech and uncontrollable contraction of the platysma muscle characterized by segmental, primarily oromandibular, dystonia (hyperkinesia). It can also develop after long‐term medication of first‐ and second‐generation antipsychotics. Here, we report the case of a Japanese female schizophrenic patient comorbid with Meige's syndrome and hyperthyroidism. We discuss the relationship between the three diseases, that is, schizophrenia, Meige's syndrome, and hyperthyroidism. Our intention is to consider the important role of the cerebral basal ganglia, where little attention has been given in regard to schizophrenia and Meige's syndrome. A part of this article was presented in a poster section at the joint congress of the 28th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology and the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Neuropsychopharmacology held in 2018.
Conversion of cationic amphiphilic lytic peptides to cell‐penetration peptides
Authors: Yu Hao‐Hsin , Sakamoto Kentarou , Akishiba Misao , Tamemoto Naoki , Hirose Hisaaki , Nakase Ikuhiko , Imanishi Miki , Madani Fatemeh , Gräslund Astrid , Futaki Shiroh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccomplishment of efficient intracellular delivery of bioactive peptides and proteins have been reported via conjugation of peptides having membrane permeation ability (i.e., cell‐penetrating peptides [CPPs]), where a physiological uptake system of extracellular materials, endocytosis, often plays a role. When endocytosed, the bioactive peptides and proteins are encapsulated into vesicular compartment named endosomes, and have to escape into the cytosol with the help of tethered CPPs for obtaining the expected bioactivities. Therefore, CPPs having improved endosomolytic activity is necessary. We here introduce an approach to employ hemolytic peptides as a new class of CPPs, which was designed to attenuate their membrane perturbation ability on cell surfaces while recovering the membrane lytic activity under endosomal conditions (i.e., the attenuated cationic amphiphilic lytic [ACAL] peptides). This was realized by introducing negatively charged glutamic acid (Glu) residues into the potential hydrophobic face of the cationic amphiphilic peptides. The applicability of these peptides for CPPs was evaluated through the intracellular delivery of shepherdin, an apoptosis‐inducing peptide.
PSMA ADC monotherapy in patients with progressive metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer following abiraterone and/or enzalutamide: Efficacy and safety in open‐label single‐arm phase 2 study
Authors: Petrylak Daniel P. , Vogelzang Nicholas J. , Chatta Kamal , Fleming Mark T. , Smith David C. , Appleman Leonard J. , Hussain Arif , Modiano Manuel , Singh Parminder , Tagawa Scott T. , Gore Ira , McClay Edward F. , Mega Anthony E. , Sartor A. Oliver , Somer Bradley , Wadlow Raymond , Shore Neal D. , Olson William C. , Stambler Nancy , DiPippo Vincent A. , Israel Robert J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundProstate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well‐established therapeutic and diagnostic target overexpressed in both primary and metastatic prostate cancers. PSMA antibody‐drug conjugate (PSMA ADC) is a fully human immunoglobulin G1 anti‐PSMA monoclonal antibody conjugated to monomethylauristatin E, which binds to PSMA‐positive cells and induces cytotoxicity. In a phase 1 study, PSMA ADC was well tolerated and demonstrated activity as measured by reductions in serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). To further assess PSMA ADC, we conducted a phase 2 trial in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) subjects who progressed following abiraterone/enzalutamide (abi/enz) therapy.MethodsA total of 119 (84 chemotherapy‐experienced and 35 chemotherapy‐naïve) subjects were administered PSMA ADC 2.5 or 2.3 mg/kg IV q3w for up to eight cycles. Antitumor activity (best percentage declines in PSA and CTCs from baseline and tumor responses through radiological imaging), exploratory biomarkers, and safety (monitoring of adverse events [AEs], clinical laboratory tests, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status) were assessed.ResultsPSA declines ≥50% occurred in 14% of all treated (n = 113) and 21% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects (n = 34). CTC declines ≥50% were seen in 78% of all treated (n = 77; number of subjects with ≥5 CTCs at baseline and a posttreatment result) and 89% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects (n = 19); 47% of all treated and 53% of chemotherapy‐naïve subjects had a transition from ≥5 to less than 5 CTCs/7.5 mL blood at some point during the study. PSA and CTC reductions were associated with high PSMA expression (CTCs or tumor tissue) and low neuroendocrine serum markers. In the chemotherapy‐experienced group, the best overall radiologic response to PSMA ADC treatment was stable disease in 51 (60.7%) subjects; 5.7% of subjects in the chemotherapy‐naïve group had partial responses. The most common treatment‐related AEs ≥Common Terminology Criteria for AE (CTCAE) grade 3 were neutropenia, fatigue, electrolyte imbalance, anemia, and neuropathy. The most common serious AEs were dehydration, hyponatremia, febrile neutropenia, and constipation. Two subjects who received 2.5 mg/kg died of sepsis.ConclusionsPSMA ADC demonstrated some activity with respect to PSA declines, CTC conversions/reductions, and radiologic assessments in abi/enz treated mCRPC subjects. Clinically significant treatment‐related AEs included neutropenia and neuropathy.
A progressive mean control chart for monitoring time between events
Authors: Alevizakos Vasileios , Koukouvinos Christos 
Published: November 2019

AbstractControl charts based on time between events (TBE) are widely used in high‐quality manufacturing processes where the events occur rarely. For monitoring such data, a new two‐sided TBE control chart called progressive mean control chart (regarded as PM‐TBE chart) is proposed in the present study. Through a simulation study and using the average run‐length (ARL) measure, it is shown that the proposed chart outperforms the tr, ARL‐unbiased gamma, GWMA‐TBE, and DEWMA‐TBE charts in detecting very small to moderate downward shifts, as well as in some cases small upward shifts. Moreover, the PM‐TBE chart is very robust for moderate to large shifts when the true distribution of the TBE observations is a Weibull or a lognormal. Finally, examples are given to display the application of the proposed chart.
Dynamical Signatures of Ground‐State Degeneracy to Discriminate against Andreev Levels in a Majorana Fusion Experiment
Authors: Grabsch A. , Cheipesh Y. , Beenakker C. W. J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDetection of the fusion rule of Majora na zero‐modes is a near‐term milestone on the road to topological quantum computation. An obstacle is that the non‐deterministic fusion outcome of topological zero‐modes can be mimicked by the merging of non‐topological Andreev levels. To distinguish these two scenarios, the dynamical signatures of the ground‐state degeneracy that is the defining property of non‐Abelian anyons is searched for. By adiabatically traversing parameter space along two different pathways, one can identify ground‐state degeneracies from the breakdown of adiabaticity. It is shown that the approach can discriminate against accidental degeneracies of Andreev levels.
Economic sustainability of heritage conservation in Hong Kong: The impact of heritage buildings on adjacent property prices
Authors: Kee Tristance , Chau K.W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInformed by the theoretical framework of sustainable development and economic theories including the cluster theory and the corollary of the Coase Theorem, this paper empirically investigates the economic impact of architectural heritage in Hong Kong. Using the hedonic price model, the research examines the economic impact of 50 publicly owned versus 50 privately owned heritage buildings on adjacent residential property prices with a sample size of over 43,240 property transaction records spanning a time period of 10 years. The research supports that heritage conservation can promote economic sustainability aside from cultural sustainability and social engagement. This research benefits government policymakers, urban planners, architects, and heritage conservationists by contributing new knowledge to the studies on sustainable urban development, heritage conservation, and cultural economics.
Matter Chern Simons theories in a background magnetic field
Authors: Halder Indranil , Minwalla Shiraz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study large N 2+1 dimensional fermions in the fundamental representation of an SU(N)k Chern Simons gauge group in the presence of a uniform background magnetic field for the U (1) global symmetry of this theory. The magnetic field modifies the Schwinger Dyson equation for the propagator in an interesting way; the product between the self energy and the Greens function is replaced by a Moyal star product. Employing a basis of functions previously used in the study of non-commutative solitons, we are able to exactly solve the Schwinger Dyson equation and so determine the fermion propagator. The propagator has a series of poles (and no other singularities) whose locations yield a spectrum of single particle energies at arbitrary t’ Hooft coupling and chemical potential. The usual free fermion Landau levels spectrum is shifted and broadened out; we compute the shifts and widths of these levels at arbitrary t’Hooft coupling. As a check on our results we independently solve for the propagators of the conjecturally dual theory of Chern Simons gauged large N fundamental Wilson Fisher bosons also in a background magnetic field but this time only at zero chemical potential. The spectrum of single particle states of the bosonic theory precisely agrees with those of the fermionic theory under Bose-Fermi duality.