bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of an LC‐MS/MS method for profiling 39 urinary steroids (estrogens, androgens, corticoids, and progestins)
Authors: Son Hyuck Ho , Yun Wan Soo , Cho Sung‐Hee 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAbnormal production or metabolism of steroid hormones is responsible for the development of endocrine diseases. Thus, accurate quantification of steroid hormones is needed for both research into clinical conditions and diagnostic and monitoring purposes. An improved analytical method for profiling 39 steroids in urine using LC–MS/MS was developed. As a pre‐treatment procedure prior to LC–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis, hydrolysis using β‐glucuronidase and solid‐phase extraction for purifying the samples were performed. Steroids were separated using Waters ACQUITY BEH C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) and a mobile phase consisting of eluent A (0.01% formic acid and 1 mm ammonium formate in water) and eluent B (0.01% formic acid and 1 mm ammonium formate in methanol) with a gradient program at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Under the optimized method, the linearity of calibration curves was higher than 0.992. The limits of detection at signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3 were 0.03–90 ng/mL. The developed novel LC–MS/MS method can quantitatively profile 39 steroids in a single analytical run. Steroid profiling based on quantitative results could improve the diagnosis and monitoring of hormone‐dependent diseases.
Direct quantification of intact FIM in monkey plasma using a selective chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method: Application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Dong Shiqi , Zhang Aijie , Gu Yuan , Lu Shuixiu , Teng Lingyan , Wang Rui , Liu Jianfeng , Fan Huirong , Si Duanyun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFIM protein, which consists of 155 amino acids, was developed as a novel GLP‐1 analog to reduce blood glucose, and pharmacodynamic results showed that it had a certain effect when used in treating Alzheimer's disease. The molecular weight of FIM is 16,304 Da. In theory, the concentration of FIM in biological samples should be determined by the ligand binding assay method or indirectly quantified using LC–MS/MS instrumentation. However, the above methods are complex and time‐consuming. In this study, we successfully developed a simpler LC–MS/MS method for directly quantifying the intact FIM protein in monkey plasma for the first time. The chromatographic separation of FIM was achieved using an InertSustain Bio C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (A)–water containing 0.1% formic acid (B) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. Good linearity was observed in the concentration range of 5–500 ng/ml (r2 > 0.99). The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (expressed as relative standard deviation, RSD) of FIM were 2.30–12.8 and 7.30–13.2%, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracies (expressed as a relative error, RE) were −12.7–6.55 and − 10.1–0.892%, respectively. This method was successfully applied for a pharmacokinetic study of the FIM protein in four monkeys after subcutaneous administration.
Temperature decrease along hyporheic pathlines in a large river riparian zone
Authors: Faulkner Barton R. , Brooks J. Renée , Keenan Druscilla M. , Forshay Kenneth J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHyporheic zones contribute to lower temperatures in many rivers, creating a longitudinal heterogeneous array of thermal refuges. In this study, we had the unique opportunity to show temperature reduction along hyporheic zone pathlines in a large river system that contribute to the maintenance of refuges through discharge into off‐channel habitats. Temperature was monitored in a dense network of wells that were located along pathlines in small islands, determined from a calibrated groundwater flow model. Temperature along one 600‐m pathline was reduced about 7° C. Among three islands that were adjacent to the river, the northern two showed exponential decrease in temperature with distance, with fitted thermal Péclet numbers of 2.7 and 6.5, whereas the southern island showed no significant decrease. We suggest that this is due to the higher infiltration rate in the wet season in this larger, more mature island, which suppresses hyporheic flow in the wet season.Stable isotope sampling showed that values of δ2H were higher in areas where we observed lower temperatures. The overall relationship of δ2H versus temperature was significant with a slope of −0.329. This implies that lower temperatures are associated with water that has had contact with deeper groundwater or that lower temperatures have been affected by local rainfall infiltration or water that has entered the hyporheic zone in winter. These findings are important because they allow estimation of the temperature benefit that may be achieved in similar geomorphic settings, providing implications for riparian restoration.
‘Detachment’ of icefield outlet glaciers: catastrophic thinning and retreat of the Columbia Glacier (Canada)
Authors: Rippin David M. , Sharp Martin , Van Wychen Wesley , Zubot Darryl 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe present an investigation of changes taking place on the Columbia Glacier, a lake‐terminating outlet of the Columbia Icefield in the Canadian Rockies. The Columbia Icefield is the largest, and one of the most important, ice bodies in the Canadian Rockies. Like other ice masses, it stores water as snow and ice during the winter and releases it during warmer summer months, sustaining river flows and the ecosystems that rely on them. However, the Columbia Glacier and Icefield is shrinking. We use Landsat and Sentinel‐2 imagery to show that the Columbia Glacier has retreated increasingly rapidly in recent years, and suggest that this looks set to continue. Importantly, we identify a previously undocumented process that appears to be playing an important role in the retreat of this glacier. This process involves the ‘detachment’ of the glacier tongue from its accumulation area in the Columbia Icefield. This process is important because the tongue is cut off from the accumulation area and there is no replenishment of ice that melts in the glacier's ablation area by flow from upglacier. As a consequence, for a given rate of ablation, the ice in the tongue will disappear much faster than it would if the local mass loss by melting/calving was partly offset by mass input by glacier flow. Such a change would alter the relationship between rates of surface melting and rates of glacier frontal retreat. We provide evidence that detachment has already occurred elsewhere on the Columbia Icefield and that it is likely to affect other outlet glaciers in the future. Modelling studies forecast this detachment activity, which ultimately results in a smaller ‘perched’ icefield without active outlets. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of fluvial surface sedimentology and topography using personal mobile laser scanning
Authors: Williams Richard David , Lamy Marie‐Lou , Maniatis Georgios , Stott Eilidh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHigh‐resolution quantification of fluvial topography has been enabled by a number of geomatics technologies. Hyperscale surveys with spatial extents of <1 km2 have been widely demonstrated by means of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and structure‐from‐motion (SfM) photogrammetry. Recent advances in the development and integration of global navigation satellite system (GNSS), inertial measurement unit (IMU) and lightweight laser scanning technologies are now resulting in the emergence of personal mobile laser scanners (MLS) that have the potential to increase data acquisition and processing rates by one to two orders of magnitude compared to TLS/SfM, and thus challenge the recent dominance of these technologies. This investigation compares a personal MLS survey using a Leica Pegasus Backpack that integrates Velodyne Puck VLP‐16 sensors, and a multi‐station static TLS survey using a Riegl VZ‐1000 scanner, to produce digital elevation models (DEMs) and surface sedimentology maps. The assessment is undertaken on a 500 m long reach of the braided River Feshie. Comparison to 107 independent real‐time kinematic (RTK)‐GNSS check points resulted in similar mean error (ME) and standard deviation error (SDE) for TLS (ME = −0.025 m; SDE = 0.038 m) and personal MLS (ME = −0.014 m; SDE = 0.019 m). Direct cloud‐to‐cloud (C2C) comparison between a sample of TLS and personal MLS observations (2.8 million points) revealed that C2C distances follow a sharply decreasing Burr distribution (a = 2.35, b = 3.19, rate parameter s = 9.53). Empirical relationships between sub‐metre topographic variability and median sediment grain size (10–100 mm) demonstrate that surface roughness from personal MLS can be used to map median grain size. Differences between TLS and personal MLS empirical relationships suggest such relationships are dependent on survey technique. Personal MLS offers distinct logistical advantages over SfM photogrammetry and TLS for particular survey situations and is likely to become a widely applied technique. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T and susceptibility to Wilms tumor: A five‐center case–control study
Authors: Li Suhong , Lin Ao , Han Dandan , Zhou Haixia , Cheng Jiwen , Zhang Jiao , Fu Wen , Zhuo Zhenjian , He Jing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundWilms tumor, a frequently occurring pediatric renal cancer worldwide, originated from the embryonal nephric mesenchyme. However, epidemiological data on the association between LINC00673 polymorphisms and Wilms tumor risk are scant. This case–control study was conducted to investigate the potential role of the LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T polymorphism in the susceptibility to Wilms tumor.MethodsIn the present study, we conducted a genotyping analysis of LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T in 414 cases and 1199 controls recruited from five hospitals in China. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated from multiple logistic regression models to determine the association of LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T polymorphism and Wilms tumor susceptibility.ResultsNo significant association between the LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T polymorphism and Wilms tumor risk was observed (CT versus CC: adjusted OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.71–1.15; TT versus CC: adjusted OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.50–1.49; TT/CT versus CC: adjusted OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.71–1.13; and TT versus CC/CT: adjusted OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.52–1.53). We also failed to make any remarkable findings for this genotype in the stratification analysis.ConclusionsIn summary, we failed to provide any evidence in favor of the significant susceptibility of rs11655237 C>T polymorphism in LINC00673 to Wilms tumor. These data could be useful for reinforcing our understanding of the potential contribution of LINC00673 rs11655237 C>T to Wilms tumor susceptibility.
LINC00467 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis by binding with IGF2BP3 to enhance the mRNA stability of TRAF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Wenjin , Cheng Xueling , Wang Tao , Song Xuepeng , Zheng Yanbo , Wang Ligang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been recognized as a member of the most common human malignant tumors globally. According to multiple studies, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been defined as vital regulators in tumor progression. Although previous studies have indicated that lncRNA long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 467 (LINC00467) exerts oncogenic effect in tumorigenesis and the development of cancers, the specific function that LINC00467 induces in HCC remains obscure.MethodsLINC00467 expression was examined by a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. CCK‐8, EdU, transwell, western blotting and caspase‐3 activity analyses were utilized to testify the role of LINC00467 in HCC. The interaction between IGF2BP3 and LINC00467 (or TRAF5) was investigated by luciferase reporter, RIP and RNA pull‐down assays.ResultsLINC00467 upregulation in HCC tissues and cells was observed. LINC00467 silencing suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis, whereas it facilitated cell apoptosis in HCC. The gene for tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor 5 (TRAF5) was a neighboring gene of that for LINC00467 and its expression was positively modulated by LINC00467 in HCC. TRAF5 knockdown inhibited HCC progression. LINC00467 deficiency could decrease the mRNA stability of TRAF5 in HCC. Insulin‐like growth factor‐2 messenger RNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) could bind with LINC00467 and its depletion could lower TRAF5 mRNA stability in HCC. Final rescue assays further indicated that downregulation of IGF2BP3 or TRAF5 acted against LINC00467 upregulation‐mediated function on HCC progression.ConclusionsLINC00467 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis by binding with IGF2BP3 to enhance the mRNA stability of TRAF5 in HCC.
THUMP domain containing 2 protein possibly induces resistance to cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil in in vitro human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells as revealed by transposon activation mutagenesis
Authors: Hayashi Masato , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Fukuda Kazumasa , Mayanagi Shuhei , Nakamura Rieko , Suda Koichi , Hayashida Testu , Wada Norihito , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough chemotherapy is a core treatment for esophageal cancer, some patients develop drug resistance. Gene screening with transposons (i.e. mobile genetic elements) is a novel procedure for identifying chemotherapy‐resistant genes. Transposon insertion can randomly affect nearby gene expression. By identifying the affected genes, candidate genes can be found. The present study aimed to identify cisplatin (CDDP)/5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐resistant genes in in vitro human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with transposons.MethodsAfter establishing transposon‐tagged cells, we obtained CDDP/5‐FU‐resistant colonies. A polymerase chain reaction and sequencing were used to identify the transposon inserted site and candidate CDDP/5‐FU resistant genes. Focusing on one candidate gene, we confirmed CDDP/5‐FU resistance by comparing the IC50 between drug‐resistant and wild‐type cells. Furthermore, we investigated gene expression by a real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, we mediated the candidate gene level with small interfering RNA to confirm the resistance.ResultsThirty‐nine candidate genes for CDDP/5‐FU resistance were identified. Nineteen were for CDDP resistance and 27 were for 5‐FU resistance. Seven genes, THUMP domain‐containing protein 2 (THUMPD2), nuclear factor interleukin‐3‐regulated protein (NFIL3), tyrosine‐protein kinase transmembrane receptor 2 (ROR2), C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), thrombospondin type‐1 domain‐containing protein 2 (THSD7B) alpha‐parvin (PARVA) and TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1), were detected as candidate genes in both colonies. Regarding THUMPD2, its expression was downregulated and knocking down THUMPD2 suggested drug resistance in both drugs.ConclusionsThirty‐nine candidate genes were identified with transposons. The downregulation of THUMPD2 was suggested to play a role in multidrug resistance in in vitro esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Obesity and tooth wear among American adults: the role of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks
Authors: Kamal Yousaf , O’Toole Saoirse , Bernabé Eduardo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
To explore the association between obesity and tooth wear among American adults and the role of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks consumption in explaining that association.

Methods
We analyzed data from 3541 adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obesity was determined using the body mass index and tooth wear was assessed using the modified tooth wear index. Daily intake of four categories of drinks was estimated as the average (drinks/day) of two consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The association between obesity and number of surfaces with moderate-to-severe tooth wear was assessed in hurdle models adjusting for sociodemographic factors, acid reflux medication, and dental insurance.

Results
Overweight and obese adults had more surfaces with moderate-to-severe tooth wear than those with normal body size, after adjusting for confounders. The consumption of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks explained part, but not all the above association. More specifically, the estimate for obesity was fully attenuated, whereas the estimate for overweight was slightly attenuated but remained significant.

Conclusion
Obesity was positively associated with tooth wear in American adults. This association was only partially accounted for by the consumption of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks, a common risk factor for both conditions.

Practical implications
Dentists must be aware of the health consequences of sugar-sweetened acidic drinks and advocate for reduction in consumption and/or substitution with healthier alternatives.
Bioethanol Production from UK Seaweeds: Investigating Variable Pre-treatment and Enzyme Hydrolysis Parameters
Authors: Kostas Emily T. , White Daniel A. , Cook David J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study describes the method development for bioethanol production from three species of seaweed.Laminaria digitata,Ulva lactucaand for the first timeDilsea carnosawere used as representatives of brown, green and red species of seaweed, respectively. Acid thermo-chemical and entirely aqueous (water) based pre-treatments were evaluated, using a range of sulphuric acid concentrations (0.125–2.5 M) and solids loading contents (5–25 % [w/v]; biomass: reactant) and different reaction times (5–30 min), with the aim of maximising the release of glucose following enzyme hydrolysis. A pre-treatment step for each of the three seaweeds was required and pre-treatment conditions were found to be specific to each seaweed species.Dilsea carnosaandU. lactucawere more suited with an aqueous (water-based) pre-treatment (yielding 125.0 and 360.0 mg of glucose/g of pre-treated seaweed, respectively), yet interestingly non pre-treatedD. carnosayielded 106.4 g g−1glucose.Laminaria digitatarequired a dilute acid thermo-chemical pre-treatment in order to liberate maximal glucose yields (218.9 mg glucose/g pre-treated seaweed). Fermentations withS. cerevisiaeNCYC2592 of the generated hydrolysates gave ethanol yields of 5.4 g L−1, 7.8 g L−1and 3.2 g L−1fromD. carnosa,U. lactucaandL. digitata, respectively. This study highlighted that entirely aqueous based pre-treatments are effective for seaweed biomass, yet bioethanol production alone may not make such bio-processes economically viable at large scale.
Mineral chemistry and formation conditions of calc-silicate minerals of Qozlou Fe skarn deposit, Zanjan Province, NW Iran
Authors: Mokhtari Mir Ali Asghar , Kouhestani Hossein , Gholizadeh Kazem 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Qozlou Fe skarn deposit is located at the Abhar–Mahneshan belt of the Central Iranian Zone. It is associated with Upper Eocene porphyritic granite that intruded into the Upper Cretaceous impure carbonaceous rocks. The Qozlou granite has high-K calc-alkaline affinity and is classified as subduction-related metaluminous I-type granitoids. Skarn aureole in the Qozlou is composed of endoskarn and exoskarn zones, with the exoskarn zone being the main skarn and mineralized zone. It includes garnet skarn, garnet-pyroxene skarn, pyroxene skarn, epidote skarn, and pyroxene-bearing marble sub-zones. The Qozlou Fe deposit is 300 m long and 5–30 m wide. Magnetite is the main ore mineral associated to pyrite, chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite. Garnet, clinopyroxene, actinolite, epidote, calcite, and quartz occur as gangue minerals. Covellite, hematite, and goethite were formed during the supergene processes. The ore and gangue minerals have massive, banded, disseminated, brecciated, vein–veinlets, replacement, and relict textures. EPMA data indicate that garnets have andradite–grossularite compositions (Ad39.97–100–Gr0–49.62) and clinopyroxenes have diopsidic composition (En29.43–42.5–Fs14.31–20.99–Wo43.08–50.17). Based on mineralogical and textural criteria, skarnification processes in the Qozlou skarn can be categorized into three discrete stages: (1) isochemical (metamorphic–bimetasomatic), (2) metasomatic prograde, and (3) metasomatic retrograde. Anhydrous calc-silicate minerals (garnet and clinopyroxene) were formed during the prograde metasomatic stage, while ore minerals and hydrous calc-silicate minerals were formed during the retrograde ore-forming sub-stage. Temperature and ƒO2conditions range between 430 and 550 °C and 10−26and 10−23, respectively, for the metasomatic prograde stage. The retrograde metasomatizing fluids had likely ƒS2= 10−6.5and temperatures < 430 °C at the beginning of the ore-forming sub-stage.
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis – an incidental finding with unpredictable evolution
Authors: Santos Marisa D. , Silva Cláudio , Silva Ana Cristina , Salgado Marta , França Manuela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an uncommon disease with unknown etiology characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the submucosa or subserosa of the intestinal wall. Pneumoperitoneum and/or intestinal perforation are complications that may be associated with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. The patients are often prone to misdiagnosis or mistreatment.We are presenting a case of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a 42 year-old woman affected by peritoneal free air and numerous, diffuse, bubble-like intramural gas collections into the jejunum and ileum, showed in CT-enterography images. The woman had a carcinoid tumor located in jejunum two years ago, treated with enterectomy. Recent complaints of nonspecific symptoms of abdominal discomfort and diarrhea motivated the realization of CT scan, serum chromogranin and urine 5-hidroxindolacetic acid for hypothesis of tumor carcinoid recurrence withdraw. The only change found was the presence of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in CT-enterography images without intestinal necrosis, bleeding or evident obstruction. For that reason no surgical procedure was realized and the patient stayed on surveillance. Actually, the patient complaints are sporadic abdominal discomfort, without pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis clinical evidence.
Conclusion The treatment plan of patient with PCI depends on underlying cause and clinical condition severity. When conservative treatment is adopted the clinical evolution of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is unpredictable and can even disappear in an indeterminate number of patients.