bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic profiling of germinated and non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds: antioxidant properties and α-amylase inhibitory activities for diabetes management
Authors: Solanki Komal , Abhyankar Krutika Saurabh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDiabetes is characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and disruptions in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, stemming from inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin receptor functioning, or a combination of both. Conventional diabetes medications like biguanides and sulphonylureas, are widely used and raise concerns about potential side effects with prolonged usage. In this context, legumes emerge as promising candidates due to their significance in traditional diets globally and associated health benefits. Despite being challenging to digest due to anti-nutritive factors, germination, a simple bioprocessing technique, significantly enhances nutritional aspect of the seeds. This study focuses on Lablab purpureus, an underutilized legume, employing a metabolomic approach to explore compounds in germinated and non-germinated seeds. Metabolomic profiling identified 125 compounds in non-germinated and 80 compounds in germinated seeds, revealing unique compounds in each type with potential health benefits. The study identified therapeutically important metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponin in both the germinated and non-germinated seeds. A notable change in the phytochemical composition (total phenol, flavonoid, and total ascorbic acid content) of germinated seeds was observed compared to the non-germinated seeds flour. An increased fold change (1.15, 1.5 and 1.65) was observed in the total phenol, flavonoid, and total ascorbic acid content in germinated seeds compared to non-germinated seeds, alongside higher antioxidant levels in terms of DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The IC50 value for α-amylase inhibitory activity was noted to be 2.05 ± 0.05 mg/ml in germinated samples while 0.79 ± 0.00 mg/ml was observed in the non-germinated Lablab purpureus seeds. Therefore, displaying greater α-amylase inhibitory activity in the non-germinated seeds, possibly due to their unique biochemical composition. Nevertheless, even germinated seeds demonstrated appreciable α-amylase inhibitory activity. Therefore, these findings suggest that germination process significantly influences seed biochemistry and helps to raise the phytochemical composition, while the unique composition of the metabolites in the non-germinated seeds could have impact on the α-amylase inhibitory activity. Thus, study suggests Lablab purpureus as a promising functional food source with diverse health-promoting attributes, particularly in diabetes management.
Graphical Abstract
Phase II Study of Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab in a Treatment-Naïve Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Population Enriched for High-Risk Disease
Authors: Davids Matthew S. , Ryan Christine E. , Lampson Benjamin L. , Ren Yue , Tyekucheva Svitlana , Fernandes Stacey M. , Crombie Jennifer L. , Kim Austin I. , Weinstock Matthew , Montegaard Josie , Walker Heather A. , Greenman Claire , Patterson Victoria , Jacobson Caron A. , LaCasce Ann S. , Armand Philippe , Fisher David C. , Lo Steve , Olszewski Adam J. , Arnason Jon E. , Ahn Inhye E. , Brown Jennifer R. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

The AMPLIFY trial recently established fixed-duration acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab (AVO) as a new standard-of-care option for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with wild-type
TP53
; however, due to the chemoimmunotherapy control arm, AMPLIFY excluded patients with high-risk
TP53
aberration, for whom current standards of care are continuous Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy or alternatively fixed-duration venetoclax-based doublets. AVO has not previously been evaluated in patients with CLL with
TP53
aberration.

METHODS

This investigator-sponsored, multicenter, phase II study enrolled patients with treatment-naïve CLL enriched for high-risk CLL, defined by
TP53
aberration (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT03580928
). Patients received acalabrutinib, obinutuzumab, and then venetoclax, with each treatment introduced sequentially and in combination, with the duration guided by measurable residual disease (MRD). Patients who achieved undetectable MRD (uMRD) after either 15 or 24 cycles could discontinue treatment. The primary end point was complete remission (CR) with bone marrow uMRD (BM-uMRD) at the start of cycle 16.

RESULTS

Seventy-two patients were accrued, including 45 patients with
TP53
aberration. The CR with BM-uMRD rates at the start of cycle 16 were 42% in patients with
TP53
aberration and 42% in all-comers, and the BM-uMRD rates were 71% and 78%, respectively. Hematologic toxicities were mainly low grade, and cardiovascular toxicities and bleeding complications were infrequent. After a median follow-up of 55.2 months, 10 patients had progressed, including four with transformation, and three patients died. Four-year progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with or without
TP53
aberration were 70%/96% and 88%/100%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
AVO was highly active and well tolerated in patients with previously untreated high-risk CLL, supporting its use as a new standard-of-care treatment option.
Trabecular metal collars in endoprosthetic replacements: do they osseointegrate?
Authors: Fraser Ewen , Spence Stephanie , Farhan-Alanie Omer M. , Doonan James , Mahendra Ashish , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: December 2024

AimsLimb salvage surgery (LSS) is the primary treatment option for primary bone malignancy. It involves the removal of bone and tissue, followed by reconstruction with endoprosthetic replacements (EPRs) to prevent amputation. Trabecular metal (TM) collars have been developed to encourage bone ingrowth (osseointegration (OI)) into EPRs. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether OI occurs when TM collars are used in EPRs for tumour.MethodsA total of 124 patients from July 2010 to August 2021 who underwent an EPR for tumour under the West of Scotland orthopaedic oncology team were identified. Overall, 81 patients (65%) met the inclusion criteria, and two consultants independently analyzed radiographs at three and 12 months, as well as the last radiograph, using a modified version of the Stanford Radiological Assessment System.ResultsOI of the TM collar occurred in approximately 65% of patients at last radiograph. The percentage of patients with OI at three months (65.4%) reflected the 12-month (65%) and long-term (64.4%) follow-up. The median amount of OI across all radiographs was one at all three timepoints, with only five cases (11.1%) showing OI in all four zones at last radiograph. Radiolucency at the bone:collar junction was present in 23 cases (28.4%) at three months, but only four (6.7%) showed progression of this at 12 months. The interobserver reliability was found to be highly reliable in all parameters (p < 0.001).ConclusionOI occurs in approximately 65% of TM collars, and is similar at three months, 12 months, and last radiograph. The extent of OI at the bone:collar junction was found to have decreased at longer-term follow-up. Furthermore, radiolucency at the bone-collar impact junction does occur in some patients but only a low number will show radiolucency progression at longer-term follow-up.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(12):1092–1100.
Bank mergers, corporate governance, and the impact on Maqashid Sharia performance
Authors: Christianto Januar , Putri Vernanda Yulia Eka 
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to examine the effects of bank mergers and corporate governance to maqashid sharia performance. This study also aims to examine the effect of corporate governance as a moderating variable. In this study, the measurement of variables using Integrated Maqashid Sharia Performance Measurement (IMSPM) which includes dimensions consisting of faith (din), self (nafs), intellect ('aql), posterity (nasl), and wealth (mal). Data processing was carried out using SPSS Statistics 29 with the source data of bank financial statements before and after the merger. The data includes the financial statements of BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, Bank Mandiri Syariah 2015 – 2020 and also Bank BSI 2021 – 2023. The results showed that bank mergers have a positive effect on maqashid sharia performance. However, the corporate governance variable consisting of the independence and remuneration of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) shows that the independence of SSB has no effect on the maqashid sharia performance and remuneration SSB has a negative effect. Independence of SSB has no effect to maqashid sharia performance because SSB who are not independent or hold concurrent positions will have more experience due to their role in other Islamic institutions and banks. In addition, SSB remuneration has a negative effect because when viewed from the operational side, the high remuneration received by SSB will actually increase the burden on banks so that it has an impact on their maqashid sharia performance. Nevertheless, corporate governance variables both independence and remuneration of SSB can strengthen the effect of mergers on maqashid sharia performance.
Influences of emotional intelligence on resilience in the South African entrepreneurial sector: a systematic literature review
Authors: Makhanya Monument Thulani Bongani 
Published: December 2024

The South African entrepreneurial sector is essential to the country's economic growth, job creation, and innovation. South African entrepreneurs encounter competitive business environment, limited resources, and socioeconomic gaps. Building resilience is critical for them to overcome challenges, adapt to change, and sustain their businesses in the face of adversity. This paper aims to explore the connection between resilience and emotional intelligence in the context of South African entrepreneurship. A systematic literature review and text analysis was carried out. This systematic literature analysis analysed 37 peer-reviewed sources that explored the impact of emotional intelligence on resilience in the South African entrepreneurial sector. Textual analysis was used to discover themes, patterns, and implications for increasing entrepreneurial resilience. Inclusion criteria included English-language research published during the last decade that focused on emotional intelligence and resilience in entrepreneurship. Non-peer-reviewed papers, grey literature, and those that did not directly address the South African context were excluded. Key findings show that emotionally intelligent leaders are better able to manage stress, build trusted relationships, and adjust to changing circumstances, which improves corporate results and ensures sustainability in a changing economic climate. This paper concludes that emotional intelligence is critical in determining the resilience and success of entrepreneurs in the South African entrepreneurial sector. Recommendations stemming from the results encompass integrating emotional intelligence training courses into entrepreneurial curricula, cultivating a nurturing and emotionally astute workplace, and encouraging self-awareness and emotional regulation proficiencies among prospective and established entrepreneurs in South Africa.
Challenges and Approaches to Overcoming Educational Barriers in a Distance Learning Environment
Authors: Mahlangu Vimbi Petrus 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify and assess the specific challenges faced by incarcerated students in a distance learning environment and to explore effective strategies for managing their academic endeavors. The study intentionally selected twelve incarcerated inmates who were currently enrolled in various educational programs. The data were acquired through the process of conducting audio-recorded interviews, which were then transcribed verbatim by a proficient transcriber. The author employed an interpretive paradigm to examine the data and derive significant conclusions. The findings demonstrated that the amalgamation of resilience and determination had a crucial role in empowering students to overcome the barriers impeding their education. In addition, students have employed controlled internet access in prisons and the incorporation of technology-enhanced learning alongside traditional classroom teaching as essential methods to properly manage their academic studies. These strategies prioritize the need to enhance the accessibility of educational resources and support networks within prisons in order to enhance the educational accomplishments of incarcerated individuals. The study's findings suggest that it is crucial to make practical and policy changes in order to effectively meet the specific needs of incarcerated students engaged in remote learning programs. Typical barriers include (i) restricted technology access, (ii) limited finances, and (iii) the challenge of staying focused in a distracting setting. Notwithstanding these challenges, the participants shown exceptional tenacity and resolve, utilizing diverse tactics to effectively handle their academic pursuits. The success of these individuals was influenced by several key variables, such as the assistance provided by prison education officers, the capacity to effectively employ restricted technical tools, and the self-discipline to establish organized study routines.
The adoption of information technology governance frameworks by universities in Gauteng province, South Africa
Authors: Masibigiri Percy , Dandadzi Alex , Seeletse Solly 
Published: December 2024

Lately, there has been a rise in personal and commercial use of computer devices, be it mobile phones, laptops, or any other computing devices, not forgetting the network, networking peripherals, and software that these devices function with. That being said, it has led organisations and institutions of higher learning to establish and adhere to Information Technology governance frameworks set out by the government and the higher education sector. White and Greiner (2022) defined Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) as an Information Technology (IT) service management framework that outlines best practices for delivering IT services. Kidd (2019) defined Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies (COBIT) as an IT management framework developed by the Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) to help businesses develop, organize, and implement strategies around information management and IT governance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ITIL and COBIT, as IT governance frameworks recommended by the higher education sector in South Africa, were adopted by ICT departments in universities in Gauteng province, South Africa. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent via email to 52 potential respondents from all the higher institutions in Gauteng. A total of 41 questionnaires were returned. The questionnaire for both ITIL and COBIT frameworks was designed using Google Forms. The study findings showed that universities in Gauteng have adopted ITIL and COBIT as ICT governance frameworks recommended by the Higher Education sector in South Africa. The study's results are crucial for university administrators as they might improve comprehension of the factors affecting the adoption, administration, and utilization of ICT resources to enhance the university's capacities
Foreign direct investment, trade and economic growth: a case study of South Africa
Authors: Kgomo Dintuku Maggie , Zhanje Stephen 
Published: December 2024

Global trade has significantly expanded over the past thirty years in both developed and emerging economies, a phenomenon assisted by advancements in transportation, telecommunications, and industry. Extensive trading fosters financial links between national economies, hence promoting economic progress. This article aims to investigate the interrelationship among foreign direct investment, trade, and South Africa's economic growth. Econometric techniques, including the autoregressive distributed lag bound test, were used to annual data from 1988 to 2022. The findings indicated that economic growth is positively affected by foreign direct investment and exports in both the short and long term. This indicated that foreign direct investment and exports are substantial contributions to economic growth.This analysis indicates that both foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade significantly impact the macroeconomic environment and influence economic growth. Developing countries such as South Africa must use diverse strategies to guarantee elevated rates and quality of economic growth. Improvements in the investment climate and the establishment of incentives are necessary to enable the equitable allocation of resources across various sectors to address employment challenges, poverty rates, and the maintenance of growth. Export-oriented strategies should be adopted. Therefore, it is essential to analyse the determinants of economic growth by examining foreign direct investment and trade in the context of South Africa, particularly in relation to the country's performance as measured against the National Development Plan targets since the post-1994 period.
DNA promoter task-oriented dictionary mining and prediction model based on natural language technology
Authors: Zeng Ruolei , Li Zihan , Li Jialu , Zhang Qingchuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Promoters are essential DNA sequences that initiate transcription and regulate gene expression. Precisely identifying promoter sites is crucial for deciphering gene expression patterns and the roles of gene regulatory networks. Recent advancements in bioinformatics have leveraged deep learning and natural language processing (NLP) to enhance promoter prediction accuracy. Techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and BERT models have been particularly impactful. However, current approaches often rely on arbitrary DNA sequence segmentation during BERT pre-training, which may not yield optimal results. To overcome this limitation, this article introduces a novel DNA sequence segmentation method. This approach develops a more refined dictionary for DNA sequences, utilizes it for BERT pre-training, and employs an Inception neural network as the foundational model. This BERT-Inception architecture captures information across multiple granularities. Experimental results show that the model improves the performance of several downstream tasks and introduces deep learning interpretability, providing new perspectives for interpreting and understanding DNA sequence information. The detailed source code is available at https://github.com/katouMegumiH/Promoter_BERT.
Whole Genome Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Dengue Virus in Central Nepal from 2022 and 2023
Authors: Chi Margaret , Katuwal Nishan , Shrestha Aastha , Madhup Surendra Kumar , Tamrakar Dipesh , Shrestha Rajeev 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: In Nepal, dengue is an emerging disease of growing concern as outbreaks are continuously increasing in size and geographic reach, and beginning to affect areas previously thought dengue-free. Dengue genomic surveillance has previously been limited within Nepal, however, with the increase in accessibility to sequencing technologies since the COVID-19 pandemic, it has recently become more feasible.
Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study utilized banked samples from the 2022 and 2023 dengue seasons from Dhulikhel Hospital/Kathmandu University Hospital in central Nepal. Next generation sequencing was performed to obtain whole genome sequences of dengue virus which were analyzed phylogenetically using a maximum likelihood GTR+G model. Mutations were evaluated across viral particle regions using the GISAID DengueServer.
Results: We obtained 41 full-length sequences of DENV from 80 PCR+ samples–24 from 2022 (58.5%) and 17 from 2023 (41.5%). We identified a shift in the majority serotype of our samples from DENV-1 in 2022 to DENV-3 in 2023, though 3 out of the 4 serotypes were identified in both years. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clusters within genotype III of DENV-1 and genotype III of DENV-3 closely related to strains from an outbreak of DENV in northern India in 2018-19. DENV-2 sequences fell into the Cosmopolitan genotype IV-A1 and IV-B2 clades and were related to sequences from South and Southeast Asia and the US, pointing to the global nature of dengue transmission. The NS3 showed the highest frequency of mutation whereas NS2B, NS4, NS5 and E were the most conserved. The most common mutations found were substitutions L17M and T20I in the 2K peptide. A high number of mutations were observed in DENV3, followed by DENV2 and DENV1, with some mutations being unique to specific serotypes and others matching previously reported strains.
Conclusions: We identified possible clade shifts in the DENV-1 and -2 populations and a rising prevalence of DENV-3. Our study showed a high level of serotype diversity of DENV circulating in central Nepal. Furthermore, our results indicate that DENV populations in Nepal are related to a geographically diverse set of sequences but are most strongly influenced by Indian strains of DENV.
Technoscience: the ambiguity of the concept and scientific profiles
Authors: Aseeva I. A. , Lukyanov D. D. 
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The understanding of modern science as a branch of knowledge totally integrated with technology still causes heated discussions and, as a consequence, is ambiguously perceived in the scientific community, demonstrating both the position of supporters of the appropriate use of the concept of ‘technoscience’ and the arguments of those who consider the term far-fetched and artificial. The complexity and multidimensionality of this concept makes it difficult to incorporate it into both theoretical science and the language of practitioners.The purpose of the work is to clarify whether this phenomenon has philosophical and practical value in the context of the modern stage of science development.Objectives: to review the historical development of the term and to identify its three profiles in the scientific context; to analyse the epistemological, ontological, political and ethical aspects of technoscience; to show the mutual process of internal entry of science into technoreality and technology into science, the convergence of their values and approaches, which eventually leads to the idea of fusion in the term ‘technoscience’.Methodology. Philosophical analysis allows to characterise and structure science at the present stage, historical approach ‒ to identify the preconditions and trace the formation of the term ‘technoscience’.Results. The concept of technoscience can be a bridge between different studies of science, technology and society, as well as contribute to the development of critical views on fashionable terms and processes. A philosophical analysis of technoscience represents an important tool to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open new philosophical perspectives and stimulate a deeper discussion of the problems arising at the interface between science and technology.Conclusions. Despite its controversial and ambiguous nature, technoscience is an important philosophical tool that can help to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open up new philosophical perspectives and stimulate deeper discussion of the problems arising at the intersection of science and technology.