bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory innervation in the prostate and a role for calcitonin gene-related peptide in prostatic epithelial proliferation
Authors: Xia Hanyu , Jerde Travis J. , Fehrenbacher Jill C. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe prostate is densely innervated like many visceral organs and glands. However, studies to date have focused on sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves and little attention has been given to the presence or function of sensory nerves in the prostate. Recent studies have highlighted a role for sensory nerves beyond perception of noxious stimuli, as anterograde release of neuropeptides from sensory nerves can affect vascular tone and local immune responses.MethodsTo identify the degree of sensory innervation in the prostate, we utilized state-of-the-art tissue clearing and microscopy to visualize sensory innervation in the different lobes of the mouse prostate. To determine whether sensory nerves have a role in regulating proliferation within the prostate, we used an intersectional genetic and toxin approach to ablate peptidergic sensory nerves systemically.ResultsWe found that sensory neurons are abundant in the prostate both in nerve bundles along the vasculature and as independent nerve fibers wrapped around prostatic acini in a net-like fashion. In addition to the dense innervation of the prostate, we found that Calca haploinsufficiency, the genotype control for our intersectional ablation model, results in a diminished level of Ki67 staining in the stromal compartment of the dorsal lobe and a diminishing Ki67 trend in other lobes.DiscussionThese findings suggest that sensory neurons might have developmental or homeostatic effects within the prostate. Further studies are warranted to assess the role of sensory neurons and the sensory neuropeptides on prostatic development and on proliferation in the presence of pro-inflammatory stimuli such as bacterial infection or tumor cells.
Exploring the effect of carbon nanoparticle tracing technique on five-year overall survival and disease-free survival in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Wen Guangxu , Jia Zihao , Wang Yingying , Kang Qingjie , Hu Denghua , Wang Ziwei 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundTo investigate the effect of preoperative carbon nanoparticle tracing technique via colonoscopy on the five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates in patients undergoing radical resection for colorectal cancer.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect data from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who underwent radical resection with complete postoperative pathological information at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March 2013 to February 2017. Patients with multiple primary cancers were excluded, resulting in 2,237 eligible patients in the study. Of these, 368 patients were lost to follow-up within five years after surgery, resulting in a final sample of 1,869 patients. These patients were then divided into two groups: 758 patients who underwent preoperative carbon nanoparticle tracing technique via colonoscopy (CAS group) and 1,111 patients who did not undergo carbon nanoparticle tracing (non-CAS group). Survival curves for both overall survival and disease-free survival were plotted for both groups based on follow-up results. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the effect of carbon nanoparticle tracing technique on the 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates in patients, as well as to explore the factors influencing these outcomes.ResultsThe results showed that the total number of lymph nodes detected in the tracing group 15(11,19) was significantly higher than that in the non-tracing group 11(7,15), with a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0.05). The 5-year overall survival rates were 90.8% in the CAS group and 87.4% in the non-CAS group, and, while the disease-free survival rate were 88.5% and 83.4%, respectively. However, the differences between 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival between the two groups were not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). Both univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses demonstrated that patient age, tumor stage, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy, and postoperative tumor recurrence were independent factors influencing the 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates in colorectal cancer patients.ConclusionCarbon nanoparticle tracing technique can effectively increase the total detected number of lymph nodes in patients with radical resection for colorectal cancer, but it does not significantly impact the 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates in these patients.
Development and validation of a programmed cell death index to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of gastric cancer
Authors: Lin Feizhi , Chen Xiaojiang , Liang Chengcai , Zhang Ruopeng , Chen Guoming , Zheng Ziqi , Huang Bowen , Wei Chengzhi , Zhao Zhoukai , Zhang Feiyang , Chen Zewei , Ruan Shenghang , Chen Yongming , Nie Runcong , Li Yuangfang , Zhao Baiwei 
Published: December 2024

AimProgrammed cell death (PCD) critically influences the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is intricately linked to tumor progression and patient prognosis. This study aimed to develop a novel prognostic indicator and marker of drug sensitivity in patients with gastric cancer (GC) based on PCD.MethodsWe analyzed genes associated with 14 distinct PCD patterns using bulk transcriptome data and clinical information from TCGA-STAD for model construction with univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses. Microarray data from GSE62254, GSE15459, and GSE26901 were used for validation. Single-cell transcriptome data from GSE183904 were analyzed to explore the relationship between TME and the newly constructed model, named PCD index (PCDI). Drug sensitivity comparisons were made between patients with high and low PCDI scores.ResultsWe developed a novel twelve-gene signature called PCDI. Upon validation, GC patients with higher PCDI scores had poorer prognoses. A high-performance nomogram integrating the PCDI with clinical features was also established. Additionally, single-cell transcriptome data analysis suggested that PCDI might be linked to critical components of the TME. Patients with high PCDI scores exhibited resistance to standard adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy but might benefit from targeted treatments with NU7441, Dasatinib, and JQ1.ConclusionThe novel PCDI model shows significant potential in predicting clinical prognosis and drug sensitivity of GC, thereby facilitating personalized treatment strategies for patients with GC.
Assessment of ipsilateral and contralateral perfusion after contrast compression therapy of upper limb muscles in MMA athletes - a cross-over study
Authors: Trybulski Robert , Stanula Arkadiusz , Muracki Jarosław , Kuczmik Wacław , Kurtoğlu Ahmet , Taradaj Jakub 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to compare the immediate effect of contrast compression therapy with the use of Game Ready (GRT) on hyperaemic reactions in the upper limb on the application and contralateral sides, specifically in the context of mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes.DesignIn this experimental, single-blind, randomized crossover study, we recruited 30 male volunteers training in MMA (mean age: 28.33 ± 3.79 years, BMI: 25.25 ± 3.06, training experience: 9.93 ± 3.83). They were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15) or control (sham) group (n = 15). The experimental group underwent a 10-minute Game Ready Therapy (GRT) session, while the control group GRS underwent a sham therapy session. After a 2-week break, a cross-over change of therapy in the groups was performed, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the contrast compression therapy’s perfusion effects in 30 participants. Main outcome measures: Hyperemic reaction was measured: rest flow (RF - [non-referent unit]); therapeutic flow (TF- [min]), i.e., the average flow recorded during GR or sham therapy: time of recovery (TR - [min]), i.e., the time for perfusion to return to the resting value after the intervention. Measurements were performed on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides.ResultsThe mean perfusion during therapy was significantly higher in GRT compared to GRS (24.70 ± 1.45 vs. 12.60 ± 1.37; p &lt; 0.001; ES = 5.7 [large]; △ = 12.10 &gt; MDC). The time from cessation of contrast therapy to the return of blood flow to resting values showed significantly higher values in GRT compared to GRS (3.07 ± 0.45 vs. 16.80 ± 0.91; p &lt; 0.001; ES = 16.27 [large]). No statistically significant difference was noted between the mean resting perfusion value (RF) and the mean perfusion value during therapy (TF) in the contralateral limb (7.74 ± 0.89 vs. 7.66 ± 0.89; p = 0.284; ES = 0.20 [negligible]; △ = 0.09 &lt; MDC.ConclusionThis study suggests that compression contrast therapy on the ipsilateral side positively affects the intensification of the hyperaemic reaction. However, no statistically significant hyperaemic responses were observed on the contralateral side.
Effect and individual response to inspiratory muscle training program among instrumentalist musicians
Authors: Ibáñez-Pegenaute Ana , Ortega-Moneo María , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Antón M. M. 
Published: December 2024

In this quasi-experimental before-after trial, we investigated the effects of a high-intensity, low-repetition inspiratory muscle training (HI-LRMT) protocol on respiratory muscle strength in instrumental musicians. In addition, was to estimate the prevalence of “non-responders” (NRs) in terms of muscle force after intervention. Healthy musicians (n = 48) were divided into 2 groups: HI-LRMT (n = 33) and a control group that did not train (CG, n = 15). The intervention training was a high-intensity, low-repetition inspiratory muscle training program using the PowerBreathe® threshold load pressure device, 2 daily sessions of 30 repetitions per session, with a minimum frequency of 5 days per week, for 12 weeks, 5 min per session. The primary outcome measures were maximal inspiratory pressure and expiratory pressure. Change in PImax over 12 weeks for HI-LRMT vs. control was 30.9 (95% CI 25.5–38.3), with the large effect, confirming worthwhile benefits (ηp2 = 0.61). There were significant changes in PEmax 37.3 (95% CI 19.3–48.1), with a large effect size (ηp2 = 0.33). A third of the participants did not demonstrate improvements in terms of muscle force in instrumental musicians. In conclusion, a 12-week high-intensity, low-repetition inspiratory muscle training program using the PowerBreathe® threshold load pressure device, improved inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength in instrumental musicians.
Association between urinary arsenic and hearing threshold shifts in adults in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015–2016
Authors: Long Lili , Jia Zhenchao , Liu Tao 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHearing loss (HL) is a common sensory disorder in humans. Studies on the relationship between arsenic, which is a highly toxic and widely distributed heavy metal with a health risk to humans, and hearing status in humans are contradictory and mostly focused on people living in arsenic-contaminated areas. This study investigated the association between urinary arsenic levels and hearing threshold shifts in the general population in the United States.MethodsOverall, 1,017 adults (aged 20–69 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2016) were included in this study. HL was defined as pure-tone average (PTA) ≥ 20 dB at frequencies 500, 1,000, 2000, and 4,000 Hz in the better-hearing ear. Total urinary arsenic (uAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (uDMA) levels were analyzed. Multivariate linear regression analyses and smooth curve fitting were performed to evaluate the correlations between uDMA, uAs, and low-, speech-, and high-frequency hearing levels.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 42.13 ± 13.66 years, including weighted 48.67% men and 12.88% participants with sensorineural HL. After adjusting for potential confounders in the multivariate linear regression model, higher uDMA levels were significantly associated with poor low-, and speech-frequency PTAs, with no differences among participants by age or sex. Smooth curve fitting indicated a nonlinear relationship between uAs and high-frequency PTA hearing threshold shifts. The uAs levels were positively associated with high-frequency PTA until the turning point of 1.54 (adjusted β 4.53, 95% CI 1.16, 7.90; p = 0.0085), beyond which this association was not observed (adjusted β −0.43, 95% CI −1.57, 0.71; p = 0.4600).ConclusionWe found positive associations between urinary arsenic metabolites uDMA, uAs levels and poor hearing threshold shifts in US adults. This study provides new evidence for the association between arsenic exposure and auditory function.
Geo-spatial analysis of high-risk fertility behaviors and child stunting in Ethiopia
Authors: Zewdia Wondaya Fenta , Asmelash Daniel , Asmelash Yemane 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe process of childbirth involves significant risks, particularly when certain high-risk fertility behaviors (HRFBs) are observed. HRFB of birth includes maternal age below 18 years or above 34 years at the time of childbirth, having a child born after a short birth interval (24 months), and having a high parity (more than three children). The majority of child stunting cases were linked to high-risk reproductive practices. Stunted children are those whose height-for-age Z-score is less than –2SD (standard deviation) from the median of a reference population. This study aimed to investigate the spatial association between HRFB of birth and stunting in under-five children across Ethiopia’s administrative zones.MethodThis study used cross-sectional data from the latest Mini Ethiopian Demographic and Health 2019 Survey, which included a weighted sample of 4,969 under-five children from 64 administrative zones. Spatial model analysis, specifically the spatial Durbin model, was used to examine the association between HRFB of birth and stunting in children. ArcGIS 10.8 was used for mapping and SAS 9.4 was used for model analysis.ResultsThe average mean proportion of HRFB of birth to the rate of stunting in children at the zonal level in Ethiopia was observed to be 58 and 36%, respectively, across Ethiopian zones. Children whose mothers displayed HRFB of birth and who were stunted were 24% at all times. The median value of HRFB of birth and stunting were 0.61 and 0.36, respectively. The average vegetable index and the livestock index across Ethiopian zones showed spatial variations of 0.57 and 0.12, respectively. In the selected spatial Durbin model, the deviance value was very small, indicating that the model fit the data well.ConclusionThe study found a high prevalence and significant spatial variation in both HRFB of birth and stunting across the Ethiopian zones. The spatial distribution of both HRFB of birth and stunting were found to be significantly clustered in the administrative zones of Ethiopia. These results emphasize the need for targeted interventions to address HRFB and stunting, supporting Ethiopia in achieving its Sustainable Development Goals.
Association between brominated flame retardants and periodontitis: a large-scale population-based study
Authors: Jiang Hao , Yin Jingwen , Wang Meixiang , Yuan Aili , Wu Jing , Lu Yi 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe association between brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and periodontitis has remained unclear.MethodsThis research included adult participants from NHANES cycles 2009–2014. Survey-weighted generalized linear regressions were used to explore the associations between BFR exposure and periodontitis. Ln-transformed BFRs were treated as quantitative variables and then divided into four quartiles for qualitative analysis. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were utilized to investigate potential nonlinear relationships. Quantile weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) analysis were performed to assess the overall effect of BFRs on periodontitis.ResultsA total of 2,445 participants were included in this study. In the fully adjusted model, several ln-transformed BFR components were positively correlated with periodontitis: serum PBDE28, PBDE47, PBDE85, PBDE99, PBDE100, PBDE154, and PBB153. When expressed in quartiles, PBDE28, PBDE85, PBDE100, PBDE154, and PBB153 showed increased odds with periodontitis. We found significant nonlinear correlation between PBDE28, PBDE47, PBDE85, PBDE100, PBDE154, and PBB153 with periodontitis in the RCS regression. The WQS index for mixed BFR exposure was positively associated with periodontitis prevalence (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.30–1.79, p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, the QGC analysis showed a positive association between mixed BFR exposure and periodontitis prevalence (β: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.24–1.36, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis study indicates that overall exposure to BFRs is positively associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Further research is needed to investigate the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms between BFRs and periodontitis.
Popular but precarious: low helmet use among shared micromobility program riders in San Francisco
Authors: Frye Willow , Chehab Lara , Feler Joshua , Wong Laura , Tan Amy , Alpers Benjamin , Patel Devika , von Hippel Christiana , Sammann Amanda 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundShared micromobility programs (SMPs) are integral to urban transport in US cities, providing sustainable transit options. Increased use has raised safety concerns, notably about helmet usage among e-scooter and e-bicycle riders. Prior studies have shown that head and upper extremity injuries have risen with SMP adoption, yet data on helmet use remains sparse.MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study evaluated helmet use among 5,365 riders (e-bicycles, conventional bicycles, and e-scooters) in San Francisco during February and March 2019. Observations were made at seven key intersections during peak commute hours on clear days.ResultsThe majority rode conventional bicycles (77.1%), followed by e-bicycles (19.0%) and e-scooters (3.9%). Most vehicles (82.2%) were personally owned, with the remainder shared via SMPs. Helmet usage was substantially lower among SMP riders, with shared e-scooter users showing the lowest compliance. Specifically, shared e-scooter riders wore helmets 70% less frequently than personal e-scooter riders and 59% less than shared e-bike riders. Dockless e-bike riders used helmets 42% less than those on docked e-bikes.ConclusionThis study exposes significant gaps in helmet usage among SMP riders, highlighting a pressing need for public health interventions and policy adjustments to improve safety and reduce head injury risks. The findings suggest that helmet use is notably deficient among e-scooter and dockless e-bicycle riders, underscoring the urgent need for targeted safety regulations as cities continue to integrate SMPs into their transportation frameworks.
Associated factors and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence in southern Peru, 2023
Authors: Sologuren-García Gema , Linares Carmen L. , Flores Jackeline R. , Escobar-Bermejo Gloria , Sotelo-Gonzales Soledad , Fagerstrom Cristhel K. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI), which can be classified as stress, urgency, or mixed, represents a public health problem that mainly affects adult women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, association of sociodemographic and obstetric factors with the types of UI as well as the perceived impact on quality of life of women attending primary health facilities in the Tacna region from Peru.MethodsA quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Stratified sample. A total of 346 women aged 30 to 64 years were surveyed, applying two short version instruments: the Urinary Discomfort Inventory Questionnaire (UDI-6) and the Urinary Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7). Descriptive statistics, parameters of the multinomial logistic regression, with the B values, odds ratio (OR) and significance level (p &lt; 0.05).ResultsThe prevalence of UI was 80.9%, with mixed UI being more frequent (48.8%). A significant association was found between the sociodemographic factor of educational level and type of UI (p = 0.004). Obstetric factors: higher frequency of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in vaginal delivery (30.6%) and newborns weighing 2,500–3,999 grams (35.5%). Additionally, an association between quality of life and type of urinary incontinence was observed, with a greater impact on those who had MUI (18.2%).ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of UI in women in the Tacna region, the sociodemographic associated is educational level. There is an association between quality of life and UI, with MUI being more frequent.
Prevalence and unfavourable outcome of oral frailty in older adult: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Sheng-Rui , Wei Liu-Ying , Jia Kui , Xie Yuan-Xi , Tan Zheng-Ke-Ke , Mo Shu-Tian , Tang Wen-Zhen 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectiveOral frailty (OF) refers to a decline in oral function amongst older adult that often occurs alongside declines in cognitive and physical abilities. We conducted a study to determine the prevalence and unfavourable outcomes of OF in the older adult population to provide medical staff with valuable insights into the associated disease burden.MethodsFrom inception to March 2024, we systematically searched six key electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL to identify potential studies that reported the prevalence or unfavourable outcomes of OF amongst older adult. Studies that did not have accessible data were excluded. Two researchers worked independently to retrieve the literature, collect data, and evaluate the quality of the included studies. Data analysis was conducted using R Project 4.1.1 and Review Manager 5.3 software.ResultsWe identified 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria, including 27,927 older adult. The pooled prevalence of OF amongst older adult was 32% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24, 0.41). Subgroup analyses indicated that the setting, sample, design of studies, and assessment instruments influence the prevalence of OF. In addition, OF was associated with a high risk of physical frailty (odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.38, 2.02), malnutrition (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.75, 2.96), low dietary variety (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.39), and social withdrawal (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.71).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that OF is prevalent amongst older adult. OF may affect the prognosis of older adult and thus necessitates comprehensive assessment and management as part of an integrated approach.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=537884.