bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking acetylcholinesterase inhibitor pesticides in the environment using the rapid transient of chlorophyll fluorescence
Authors: López Valiño Ivana , Dieguez Gaviola Gonzalo , Diz Virginia Emilse , González Graciela Alicia , Lagorio María Gabriela , Cordon Gabriela Beatriz 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSeveral home pesticides are organophosphorus compounds. These compounds inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, causing harmful effects on the health of biota. Through this research, the usefulness of Glycine max (soybean) and Cichorium intybus (chicory) plants as sentinels of organophosphorus compounds in the environment was successfully tested. Different concentrations of the insecticide chlorpyrifos were tried out. Damage to plants at the photosynthetic apparatus level was evaluated by measuring the high temporal resolution variable chlorophyll fluorescence (OJIP test). Several parameters derived from this test indicated a high level of damage in both species even at the mean dose recommended for use in the field. However, a few parameters did not consistently reflect damage in leaves. A drop in the values of the maximum fluorescence (FM), the quantum yield of electron transport flux, transport between quinones A and B (ET0/ABS) and the maximal quantum yield of PSII (TR0/ABS) could alert us about the presence of organophosphates in the environment. An increase in the dissipated energy flux per reaction center (DI0/RC) values was also observed. The species showed different sensitivities, with soybean plants being the most sensitive. The OJIP transient thus becomes a valuable rapid, non‐destructive tool for biomonitoring this class of pesticides in the environment.
Determining properties of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes using spatially resolved electromechanical metrics
Authors: Jæger Karoline Horgmo , Charwat Verena , Healy Kevin E. , Wall Samuel , Tveito Aslak 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHuman‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) are increasingly important in preclinical drug assessments, particularly for identifying potential cardiotoxicity. In this study, we utilize data from microphysiological systems of hiPSC‐CMs to evaluate cellular characteristics, such as action potential duration, beat rate, conduction velocity and mechanical displacement. Based on these data, high‐fidelity mathematical models facilitate precise assessments of critical biophysical parameters of the cells, including membrane ion channel conductances, cross‐bridge cycle transition rates and cell‐to‐cell conductance. We emphasize the distinction between synchronized transients and travelling waves, highlighting their implications for deducing the biophysical properties of hiPSC‐CMs. In this study, we analyse the effects of the drug compounds flecainide, quinidine, nifedipine, verapamil, blebbistatin and omecamtiv. Our findings show that for drug‐induced changes in parameters describing membrane currents and contractile machinery close to ranges reported in the literature, the computed biomarkers align well with measured biomarkers. This study is the first to apply spatially resolved, cell‐based models to identify drug effects through measurements of transmembrane potential and mechanical displacement, marking a significant step forward in using computational models for evaluating drug safety and offering a new approach to early identification of adverse drug reactions.
imageKey points
Optical measurements of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) present significant opportunities to advance understanding of how human heart cells function and interact.
Although direct optical measurements yield valuable biomarkers, they fall short of revealing underlying biophysical properties, for example, how novel drug compounds perturb the ion channels.
Drug properties are best understood through computational models that capture cell dynamics based on physical laws.
Traditionally, data and models have been averaged over all cells in cell collections, thus overlooking spatiotemporal waves.
Here, we use recently developed cell‐based models, representing spatial dynamics including cell‐to‐cell electrical and mechanical coupling, to determine biophysical properties of collections of hiPSC‐CMs.
Study on the safety performance parameters of lithium-ion batteries under unconventional extrusion conditions
Authors: Zheng Suzhen , Du Jianhua , Ou Yingjie , Xiong Leji , Wang Jiabin , He Xingfeng , Wei Senrong , Wang Canxiong , Hao Xin , Tu Ran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The safety issues of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse conditions have earned widespread attention due to their high uncertainty and risk. In this paper, extrusion tests were conducted on 10Ah pouch cells, with different indenter shapes, loading locations, and state of charge (SOC). The voltage changes, temperature changes during the loading process, and microscopic structural changes of the cell electrodes after extrusion tests were analyzed to investigate the impact of different test conditions on the safety performance parameters of the cells. The tests included various random and unconventional locations that cannot be achieved under standard experimental conditions for lithium-ion batteries, better simulating the random collisions that lithium-ion batteries may experience in real-world scenarios. The results show that a sharp indenter induces earlier internal short circuits in the cells compared to a blunt indenter, leading to more severe thermal runaway reactions. Higher SOC are associated with faster average temperature rise rates, increased risk of thermal runaway, and more pronounced voltage drops at the moment of internal short circuits. The research results provide theoretical insights into the failure mechanisms of cells under mechanical abuse and offer valuable guidance for improving cell safety design.
Analysis of Friction and Wear Behavior of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) for Application in Subsea Valves
Authors: Ahmadli Mehman , Gjersvik Tor Berge , Sangesland Sigbjorn , Ratnayake R.M. Chandima 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The subsea valve system is a key part of the subsea control system (SCS), which maintains the reliability of the subsea production system (SPS). With its current state, subsea valve systems cannot cope with the requirements to transition to the all-electric system (AES) and application of the SPS to deep- and ultra-deep-water locations. The primary reason is related to the limitations of the currently used coating material of subsea valve internals, tungsten carbide (WC), in terms of high operating pressures, sand production, and efficiency. With its expected low friction and high wear resistance, polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) material is offered to replace WC as a top contact material in subsea valves. For this objective, PDC material's friction and wear behavior are investigated experimentally. The experimental section of the research involves tests with a reciprocating pin-on-flat tribometer, surface roughness measurements, and microscopical analysis of wear. Alongside PDC material, WC material is exposed to the same test process and conditions throughout the research for comparative analysis. The results show that comparing WC material in dry conditions, PDC material offers 61% friction reduction and 99.5% wear reduction; in lubricated conditions, it offers 40% friction reduction and 58% wear reduction. The findings highlight the potential impacts of this study on minimizing power usage for hydraulic and electric subsea actuators which consequently contributes to the reliability of the SCS and fills the existing research gap.
Model tests on stability of interlocking L-shaped caisson quay wall on sand
Authors: Chen Shuli , Guo Wei , Ren Yuxiao , Chen Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An interlocking L-shaped caisson (ILC) quay wall was proposed to improve the integrity of the caisson units by modifying the cross-sectional of the conventional L-shaped caisson (CLC) with two walls at its edge, shaped like a half hexagonal prism. A series of model tests were constructed to investigate the lateral stabilities of the proposed ILC quay wall by comparing to those of CLC quay wall. Compared to the CLC quay wall, it was found that the critical bearing capacities of the ILC quay wall pinned by concrete blocks increased by 13% under strip load. The ILC quay wall demonstrates better structural integrity and load-bearing capacity. The plane strain method used in CLC quay wall design under concentrated loads overestimate the critical bearing capacity of the quay wall by approximately 47%. The lateral earth pressure on caisson sidewall calculated using a modified Beton's method aligns closely with the average measured data. However, it underestimates the estimated value at a depth of 0.6 times the caisson height under concentrated loading.
Wear reliability assessment of piston ring and cylinder liner components based on probability mapping
Authors: Guo Peijian , Xu Jiujun , Yan Zhijun , Huang Ruoxuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The wear reliability assessment plays a critical role in evaluating product quality for piston ring-cylinder liner (PRCL) components. In practice, the wear data of components is discrete and sparse, which makes it difficult to evaluate the wear reliability of PRCL components. However, the sample's wear data can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of the component's wear data. A pressing issue in engineering applications is how to effectively assess the wear reliability of PRCL components by making the most of the wear data of samples and components and quantifying the links between samples and components. Hence, this paper proposes an approach to wear reliability assessment for PRCL components based on probability mapping. First, a wear reliability model for PRCL samples and components is created using the improved Rhee wear model, acceleration model, and wear distribution characteristics. The issue of inadequate wear data is resolved by estimating model parameters using the Bayesian approach. The component's wear reliability model is then optimized after the degree to which temperature, load, and time affect the quantity of wear is examined using the sensitivity analysis approach. Second, a probability mapping approach is proposed to consider three mapping relationships. The ratio of the characteristic values (mean and standard deviation) of the wear reliability model parameters of the samples and components represents the mapping connection between PRCL samples and components. Lastly, the sample wear reliability model and mapping relationship are used to forecast the components' wear depth, wear life, and wear reliability, which are then compared to the experimental findings. Compared to mean mapping and no mapping, mean and standard deviation mapping predicted a decrease in the percentage error of mean wear life for piston ring components by 5.57% and 14.78%, and cylinder liner components by 4.81% and 9.13%, respectively. The wear reliability of PRCL components under the average wear amount is 0.51, which is closest to the true value of 0.5. Under the assessment test conditions, the predicted wear reliability of PRCL components based on mean and standard deviation mapping at 832.55h are 0.8986 and 0.8224, respectively, which are closer to the test result of 0.8333. The research results indicate that this approach can forecast PRCL components' wear depth, wear life, and wear reliability with rapidity, precision, and effectiveness. This approach can serve as a guide for routine maintenance and quality evaluation of piston ring cylinder liner components.
Dry sliding wear behavior of AZ31-ZrO2 nano-composites
Authors: Roy Goswami Arindam , Poria Suswagata , Sahoo Prasanta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present research investigates the influence of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the microstructural, mechanical, and tribological behavior of magnesium matrix composites fabricated through ultrasonic-assisted stir-casting process. Microscopic characterization reveals the successful inclusion of ZrO2 nano-particles through several characterization methods like energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The effect of varying ZrO2 content (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt%) on the tribological behaviour is explored using a pin-on-disk wear tester. Wear experiments have been conducted under dry sliding conditions at different operating loads (10, 20, 30, and 40 N) and sliding velocities (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 m/s) at room temperature. The incorporation of ZrO2 nano-particles improves the micro-hardness of the cast base alloy and significantly enhances wear resistance. Additionally, an attempt has been made to identify the dominant wear mechanisms by analyzing the worn surfaces.
Serum creatine kinase: requesting and interpreting results
Authors: Walters Jon , Gailani Gaafar 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCreatine kinase is an intracellular enzyme found abundantly in skeletal muscle, myocardium and brain. It is well known as a biomarker that increases following skeletal muscle damage and doctors instinctively associate it with myopathies. Serum creatine kinase is undoubtedly often raised in many myopathies and the extent of increase may provide a clue to the myopathic culprit. However, in other myopathies, it may be normal or only marginally raised, and rarely it is normal when the underlying pathology suggests that it should be very raised. Creatine kinase can also be raised in neurogenic disorders, and it can help in the investigation of some neurological disorders that are unrelated to neuromuscular disease. Finally, it may be discovered to be mysteriously elevated without a clear clinical correlate. Here, we examine each of these conundrums, beginning with the clinical problem at hand.
Bladder Preservation with Durvalumab plus Tremelimumab and Concurrent Radiotherapy in Patients with Localized Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (IMMUNOPRESERVE): A Phase II Spanish Oncology GenitoUrinary Group Trial
Authors: Garcia-del-Muro Xavier , P. Valderrama Begoña , Medina-Colmenero Ana , Etxaniz Olatz , Gironés Sarrió Regina , Juan-Fita María José , Costa-García Marcel , Moreno Rafael , Miras Rodríguez Isabel , Ortiz Irene , Cuéllar Andrés , Ferrer Ferran , Vigués Francesc , de Haro Piedra Roberto , Candal Gomez Arturo , Villà Salvador , Pontones José Luis , Murria Yasmina , Lendínez-Cano Guillermo , Alemany Ramon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
The combination of radiation and immunotherapy potentiated antitumor activity in preclinical models. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a bladder-preserving approach, including dual immune checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy, in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Patients and Methods:
Patients with localized MIBC underwent transurethral resection, followed by durvalumab (1,500 mg) plus tremelimumab (75 mg) every 4 weeks for three doses and concurrent radiotherapy (64–66 Gy to bladder). Patients with residual or relapsed MIBC underwent salvage cystectomy. The primary endpoint was complete response, defined as the absence of MIBC at posttreatment biopsy. Secondary endpoints were bladder-intact disease-free survival, distant metastasis–free survival, and overall survival.

Results:
Thirty-two patients were enrolled at six centers. Complete response was documented in 26 (81%) patients. Two patients had residual MIBC, and four patients were not evaluated. After a median follow-up of 27 months, 2 patients underwent salvage cystectomy. The 2-year rates for bladder-intact disease-free survival, distant metastasis–free survival, and overall survival were 65%, 83%, and 84%, respectively. The 2-year estimates of non–muscle-invasive bladder relapse, MIBC, and distant metastasis were 3%, 19%, and 16%, respectively. Grade 3 to 4 toxicities were reported in 31% of patients, with diarrhea (6%) and acute kidney failure (6%) being the most frequent.

Conclusions:
This multimodal approach including durvalumab plus tremelimumab with concurrent radiotherapy is feasible and safe, showing high efficacy in terms of response and eliciting bladder preservation in a large number of patients. Further research on this approach as an alternative to cystectomy is warranted.
Hybrid methods to identify ovarian cancer from imbalanced high-dimensional microarray data
Authors: Sapitri Ni Kadek Emik , Sa'adah Umu , Shofianah Nur 
Published: February 2025

<p>Scientists have used microarray data to identify healthy people and patients with various types of cancer, including ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is the most dangerous of all types of cancer that attacks the female reproductive organ. The right combination of methods is needed to identify ovarian cancer from microarray data because that type of data is high-dimensional and imbalanced. This research aims to propose two hybrid methods which are a combination of infinite feature selection (IFS) as features selector with classification and regression tree (CART) as a classifier. IFS can work with two separate scenarios, namely supervised infinite feature selection (SIFS) and unsupervised infinite feature selection (UIFS). This research also compares the performance of the two hybrid methods proposed (SIFS-CART and UIFS-CART) with CART without IFS. The data used is OVA_ovary that has 10937 columns and 1545 rows. The results shows that SIFS-CART achieves maximum performance using 1000 features and UIFS-CART 5000 features. CART without IFS uses all 10935 features. The balanced accuracy results show SIFS-CART can outperform CART without IFS and UIFS-CART. Using less features to get highest balanced accuracy results, SIFS is more effective in performing feature selection on the OVA_ovary dataset compared to UIFS.</p>
Heart disease approach using modified random forest and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Barry Khalidou Abdoulaye , Manzali Youness , Flouchi Rachid , Elfar Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

<p>For the past two decades, heart disease has been classified as one of the main causes of mortality globally. Fortunately, most researchers focused on data mining techniques, which play an important role in accurately predicting heart disease to develop their models. In this paper, by combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) and modified random forest (MRF), a new approach (PSO-MRF) is proposed to predict heart disease. The main purpose is to select the important features after the bootstrap method for each decision tree in the random forest, and then optimize the MRF by the PSO algorithm. The experiments are carried out using the publicly accessible UCI heart disease datasets. Thorough experimental analysis demonstrates that our approach has outperformed the random forest algorithm as well as many other classifiers. This model helps doctors and researchers improve the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease, resulting in more prompt, accurate patient care.</p>
Hindi spoken digit analysis for native and non-native speakers
Authors: Bhagath Parabattina , Shanmukha Malempati , Das Pradip K. 
Published: February 2025

<p>Automated speech recognition (ASR) is the process of using an algorithm or<br />automated system to recognize and translate spoken words of a specific language. ASR has various applications in fields such as mobile speech recognition, the internet of things and human-machine interaction. Researchers have been working on issues related to ASR for more than 60 years. One of the many use cases of ASR is designing applications such as digit recognition that aid differently-abled individuals, children and elderly people. However, there is a lack of spoken language data in under-developed and low-resourced languages, which presents difficulties. Although this is not a pivotal issue for highly established languages like English, it has a significant impact on less commonly spoken languages. In this paper, we discuss the development of a Hindi-spoken dataset and benchmark spoken digit models using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The dataset includes both native and non-native Hindi speakers. The models built using CNN exhibit 88.44%, 95.15%, and 89.41% for non-native, native, and combined speakers respectively.</p>
Real-time age-range recognition and gender identification system through facial recognition
Authors: Cruz-Colan Carlos , Lopez-Herrera David , Paiva-Peredo Ernesto , Acuna-Condori Kevin 
Published: February 2025

<p>Facial recognition and age estimation are being implemented in apparel retailing which is undergoing significant changes due to fashion and technology. To improve interaction with customers and refine marketing strategies. The paper proposes an approach based on a Siamese neural network and the use of tools such as MediaPipe for face detection and DeepFace for age and gender estimation. In addition, the four stages of the research work, real-time image capture, ID assignment, facial feature extraction, and data storage, are described. Early approaches to age estimation were based on biometric features, such as eyes, nose, mouth, and chin, resulting in limited accuracy and low performance in older adults. To improve accuracy, additional elements, such as the presence of wrinkles, were considered and a diverse database of images was used. The proposed methodology achieves a positive result for real-time age classification and gender ID. The results include information on gender, age, ID, time and date for each person identified.</p>
Utility of chest CT in the diagnosis of additional suspicious lesions on MRI in women with breast cancer
Authors: Kim Jihee , Koh Jieun , Park Jihee 
Published: February 2025

Background Dedicated breast computed tomography (CT) is an emerging modality, but no study has compared breast lesions additionally detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with correlated CT lesions. Although there are differences between chest CT and dedicated breast CT, a preliminary evaluation would be valuable. Purpose To evaluate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced chest CT in evaluating additional suspicious lesions preoperatively detected on MRI in patients with breast cancer. Material and Methods Between January 2020 and December 2021, 245 patients with breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast MRI and contrast-enhanced chest CT were included. Enhancing lesions detected on CT showing correlation with additional suspicious lesions detected on MRI were recorded as CT-correlated enhancements. The pathological findings were confirmed by subsequent percutaneous biopsy or lesion excision. The clinical and MRI features of additional suspicious lesions were compared according to the standard reference or the presence of CT-correlated enhancement. Results There were 96 (39.2%) additional suspicious lesions detected on preoperative breast MRI and a malignancy rate of 39.6%. Of 96 lesions, chest CT revealed correlated enhancement in 64 (66.7%) lesions, including 33 malignant lesions. Among the 32 lesions that showed no correlation enhancement on chest CT, 5 (15.6%) were malignant. Malignancy, diffusion-weighted image restriction, and fast/washout kinetics were more frequently observed in lesions with CT-correlated enhancement than in those without correlated enhancement ( P < 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.020, respectively). Conclusion When evaluating MRI-detected additional suspicious lesions in patients with breast cancer, lesions with CT-correlated enhancement were significantly more likely to be malignant than those without CT-correlated enhancement.