bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of the Industrial Specialization of the Radio Electronics Industry of Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Klushantsev D. V. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: to reveal possible directions of the development of the radio electronics industry of Saint-Petersburg on the basis of the research of its features, and to propose economically reasonable alternative in relation to the current situation.Methods: the article is based on the analysis of modern literature on the development of Russian mechanical engineering, in particular the radio electronics industry, processing of annual financial statements of enterprises of the radio electronics industry of St. Petersburg for the period 2013–2017. The article uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison, observation, generalization.Results: the literature devoted to the radio electronics industry, its transformation and development is critically analyzed. It is concluded that there are only theoretical developments and it is necessary to research the dynamics of cost indicators and qualitative transformations of the production activity of enterprises. The scheme of composition of radio electronics industry products in relation to production processes is presented. Data sources for the enterprises of the radio electronics industry are described. The author presents a sample of enterprises.To obtain the results of the study, the following feature of the radio electronics industry in Saint Petersburg is highlighted: the concentration of many manufacturers of various products with almost identical production processes. Various scenarios of development of the explored enterprises are described.On the basis of research of coefficients of input of the equipment and sales growth for the period of 2013–2017 we grouped the enterprises. We revealed, that the greatest economic effect from optimizing the organization of production activity can be achieved in medium-sized enterprises.A way of the most effective use of the current situation in the industry is proposed, which consists in creating a software platform that unites the production equipment of enterprises of the radio electronics industry. The prerequisites for the implementation and usage of the proposed software platform are researched.Conclusions and Relevance: the author propose the option of the most efficient use of the existing situation in the modern industry (nonoptimal distribution of the equipment). The option consists in creating a software platform that will unite all the production equipment of the enterprises in the information network for the purpose of optimization of the machine utilization. This suggestion matches the trends of modern scientific researches and may be carried out by using modern digital technologies. The proposed recommendations and results are reasonable to use in the development of the state industrial policy and in designing a strategy for the production by the enterprises.
Histopathological classification of ovarian neoplasm: a retrospective study of 612 cases from a regional cancer centre, Odisha, India
Authors: Mishra Bagmi , Rout Madhusmita , Pradhan Ritu , Mahapatra Subhalaxmi , Dash Sashibhusan 
Published: March 2020

Background: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death amongst women in India. Identification of histological types helps to predict tumor behaviour and further appropriate management. Aims and objectives is to study the histopathological parameters of ovarian tumor.Methods: This retrospective study was done on patients who presented ovarian mass and subsequently underwent surgery in a Regional Cancer Centre, Odisha, over a period of three years from January 2016 to December 2018. All datas such as age, site, gross findings and histological tumor types were retrieved from pathology and analyzed using MS Excel worksheet.Results: A total 612 cases of ovarian tumor were included for study. Non-neoplastic to neoplastic tumor ratio was 1:7.74. Surface epithelial tumors comprised the majority of tumors, accounting for 452 cases (83.39%). Malignant lesions were predominant in this series 416 cases (76%). Majority of borderline tumors were of mucinous subtype 20 (76.92%). The Mean±SD ages of all benign comprising, borderline and malignant tumors were 47.4±11.9, 44.9±14.3 and 46.9±13, respectively. On the basis of two tired grading system, high grade malignant serous tumors were maximum, 226 (74.34%). Ovarian surface involvement, omental invasion, uterine invasion, LVSI, capsular invasion and pelvic lymph node involvement was observed in 146 (35.26%), 106 (25.6%), 12 (2.89%), 70 (16.9%), 6 (1.44%) and 12 (2.89%) respectively. According to the FIGO staging system, among primary malignant tumor, 58% patients were presented in late stage (III and IV).Conclusions: The high incidence of malignant ovarian tumor with late presentation was observed in our study. So, further study is warranted to elucidate the major factors in our population.
Audit of fresh frozen plasma usage, prospective study: a report from department of immunohematology and transfusion medicine, government medical college Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Shah Saadat Nazir , Sidhu Meena , Gupta Vidushi 
Published: March 2020

Background: Fresh frozen plasma is commonly used in tertiary care hospitals. These are used to manage conditions such as coagulation derangements. Unnecessary use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is known to increase the risk of side effects in plasma transfusing patients like anaphylaxis, transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) and risk of transfusion transmitted infections etc. So judicious use of plasma is extremely important where its benefits outweigh its potential risks.Methods: Prospective observational study conducted over a period of six month. The following data were collected; provisional clinical diagnosis, indication of FFP’S, coagulation profile and gender of the patients. We evaluated all FFP transfusions, classified them as appropriate or inappropriate according to fresh frozen plasma transfusion guidelines of Directorate general of health services (DGHS).Results: A total of 808 FFP units were issued (474 units to males and 334 units to females) over a period of 6 months. Out of these, 15% (122 units) of FFP’s were issued to intensive care unit (ICU) patients, 12.87% (104 units) to paediatrics ward, 12.25% (99 units) to emergency ward which include patients with upper GI bleed and lower GI bleed , 6.8% (55 units) to obstetrics patients, 6.18% (50 units) to orthopaedics, 4.45% (36 units) to road traffic accident patients, 4.20% (34 units) to Hepatic failure patients, 3.09% (25 units) to Cardiothoracic and vascular surgery (CTVS), 2.97% (24 units) to oncology patients, 2.47% (20 units) to snake bite patients, 1.23 % (10 units) to dengue patients, 1.11% (9 units) to Haemophilia patients, 27.38% units were issued to the patients were indication for FFP transfusion was not known.Conclusions: study showed that 66.44% were appropriate and 33.56% were inappropriate use of FFP’s in patients. This highlights the pitfalls in use of FFP among clinicians and for that matter there is need of awareness and understanding the transfusion medicine by clinicians.
Usefulness of white blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio in predicting short term, 30 days major adverse cardiac events in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Shanker Sumit , Reddy Subba , Ramachandran Ganesan 
Published: March 2020

Background: The role of white blood cell (WBC) to mean platelet volume (MPV) ratio (WMR) in predicting short-term major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has not been studied extensively. We aimed to determine whether WMR can predict short-term (30 days) MACE in ACS patients.Methods: This hospital-based prospective cohort study was undertaken at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in India from January 2018 to December 2018. Fifty patients presenting with ACS to undergo primary percutaneous intervention were evaluated for WMR and short-term MACE.Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed cut-off value of WMR as 1059 with area under the ROC curve of 0.825 (SE=0.074; 95% CI: 0.679-0.971; p=0.001). MACE was noted in 10 patients (20%) and mortality in 4 patients (8%). WMR with cut-off value of 1059 was significant and highly accurate in predicting MACE (diagnostic accuracy: 72%, sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 70%, positive predictive value: 40%, negative predictive value: 93.33%, p=0.016, and positive likelihood ratio: 2.67, negative likelihood ratio: 0.29). Risk of short-term MACE increases with higher respiratory rate, creatine kinase and creatine kinase myocardial band, alanine aminotransferase, WBC count, neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, lymphocytes, uric acid, lower SBP, DBP, Troponin I, red blood cell count, and ejection fraction and clinical presentation such as, palpitations, sweating, giddiness, loss of consciousness, higher Killip class, and diagnosis of inferior wall myocardial infarction.Conclusions: Higher WMR values on admission (≥1059) are associated with worse short-term outcomes in patients with ACS and independently predict short-term MACE.
Serum uric acid as a prognostic indicator in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Kaspa Chandana , Govindu Shankar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Association between serum uric acid (SUA) and the outcome of acute ischemic stroke is debated and needs to be evaluated. The present study was conducted to study the serum uric acid concentration as an indicator of outcome among acute ischaemic stroke and to determine the role of serum uric acid as a risk factor for acute ischemic stroke.Methods: An observational study where 50 patients who presented within 48 hours of onset of stroke admitted to medical wards of government general Hospital Guntur were selected for the study.Results: Out of 50 patients included for the study, 6 belonged to the age group of 30-40 years. Majority were male (66%) and 44.5% of the males and 76.5% of females showed raised serum uric acid levels. 25 out of 50 patients were diabetic (i.e. 50%) Among them 16 had serum uric acid >6 mg% (ie.64%), 56% of the patients were hypertensive and among them 71% were found to have uric acid levels greater than 6mgs%, 38 out of 50 patients had bad outcome, with elevated uric acid levels found 30 among them. In the present study, BMI and outcome of Stroke were significantly associated with Serum Uric acid levels.Conclusions: Serum uric acid levels can be used as a prognostic indicator as a marker for increased risk of stroke. Elevated serum urate concentration may stratify risk of death after acute stroke.
Calretinin expression in molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast
Authors: Venugopal Suryagayathri , J. Cicy P. , S. Deepa , Sundaram Sankar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Breast carcinoma is currently managed by assessing clinicopathological features. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of breast carcinoma may lead to the development of new targeted therapies, particularly in triple negative cancers. Literature shows a few studies on the expression of calretinin in breast carcinoma particularly in basal like type and its prognostic significance. In this study, authors are trying to assess the expression of a new marker calretinin in different molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast.Methods: This study was done in 107 cases of invasive carcinoma breast specimens received in Department of Pathology, Government Medical college, Kottayam from December 2017 to May 2019.Results: Among the molecular subtypes, Basal like tumours showed 68.4% of cases with high level and 31.6% of cases with low level calretinin expression which is comparable with the study by Farrag et al. All the other molecular subgroups showed predominantly low level of calretinin expression.Conclusions: Different molecular subtypes of invasive carcinoma breast showed varied calretinin expression. High level calretinin expression was significantly associated with grade 3 (p value = 0.002), ER negativity (p = 0.004), PR negativity (p = 0.018) and Basal like molecular subtype (p : <0.001). This suggests that calretinin might play a role in pathogenesis of basal like breast carcinomas.
Non-endoscopic management of a giant ureterocele: a case report in resource poor African hospital
Authors: Tela Usman Mohammed , Olajide Babatunde David , Lawan Abdu Mohammed 
Published: March 2020

Ureterocele is a cystic dilatation of the distal sub mucosal part of the ureter. It is a congenital anomaly that may co-exist with other anomalies. It has an incidence 1 in 4000 live births. Patients present with symptoms at paediatric age or may remain asymptomatic till adulthood. Our 30 year old female patient was assessed for a giant orthotropic right ureterocele with obstructive uropathy, in a hospital that has no modern facilities for endoscopic treatment. She then had successful open surgical repair of the ureterocele with satisfactory outcome. Minimally invasive endoscopic treatment options remains the gold standard. Patients from poor resource regions can as well be treated successfully by open surgical repair like our index case presented.
Otomycosis, frequency, clinical features, predisposing factors and treatment implications
Authors: K. Manjunath , Singh Amardeep , S. V. Manjunatha Rao 
Published: March 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of otomycosis, the clinical presentation, predisposing factors and treatment outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This observational study was conducted at ENT Department of Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Research centre, Chitradurga from May 2018 to June 2019, 13 months study. There were 50 patients with documented diagnosis of otomycosis. There were 19 (38%) males and 31 (62%) females. The age of patients ranged from 3 years to 65 years with mean age of 32.5 years. Mean follow-up time was 1 year (~13 months). The frequency, predisposing factors and most common symptoms of otomycosis were recorded along with the response to different Antifungal agents were observed and results were recorded in percentages. Data were analysed using SPSS 12 software. Results are based on descriptive statistics. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We prescribed 1% clotrimazole drops or lotion in 58% of patients and 2% salicylic acid in 31% cases. Both of these agents are effective. Topical 1% clotrimazole drops yielded highest resolution rate with lowest recurrent rate. To analyse the efficacy of 1% clotrimazole and 2% salicylic acid. We applied Z-test to calculate the difference between two proportions of patients before treatment with those patients who remained uncured after treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Otomycosis commonly prevented with hearing loss, pruritus, otalgia and otorrhoea. It usually resolves with local toilet of ear and installation of antifungal agents.</p>
Prevalence and etiological factor of hearing impairment among school going children in rural area of district, Dehradun
Authors: Saini Saurabh , Bist S. S. , Kumar Lovneesh 
Published: March 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Childhood hearing impairment is a signiﬁcant public health condition associated with long-term academic and communicative difficulties. Causes can be congenital or acquired. Nearly half of the known causes can be prevented by primary public health methods. Present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and etiological factor related to hearing impairment among school going children in rural area district Dehradun.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 1003 children, aged 6 to 17 years, from the schools in the Doiwala block district Dehradun were randomly selected and examined. Clinical otologic assessment and Pure tone audiometry screening were conducted on all participants. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of hearing impairment was 19.6%. The hearing impairment in majority of cases was of a mild degree i.e., 26 to 40 dB (93.9%) of which majority of children (99.0%) had conductive loss. Wax was the commonest cause of hearing loss (79.2%). CSOM was found in 19.0% children.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The prevalence of hearing impairment in school going children in rural area district Dehradun was high. Majority of the etiological factor of hearing impairment identified were preventable. Proper assessment and diagnosis of hearing loss in children at early age is important for better development and psychosocial development.</p>
Event related potentials in cases of amblyaudia
Authors: Essawy Wessam Mostafa 
Published: March 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Amblyaudia is a weakness in the listener’s binaural processing of auditory information. Subjects with amblyaudia also demonstrate binaural integration deficits and may display similar patterns in their evoked responses in terms of latency and amplitude of these responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of amblyaudia in a population of young children subjects and to measure mismatch negativity (MMN), P300 and cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) for those individuals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Subjects included in this study were divided into 2 groups control group that consisted of 20 normal hearing subjects with normal developmental milestones and normal speech development. The study group (GII) consisted of 50 subjects with central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) diagnosed by central auditory screening tests. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> With using dichotic tests including dichotic digits test (DDT) and competing sentence test (CST), we could classify these cases into normal, dichotic dysaudia, amblyaudia, and amblyaudia plus with percentages (40%, 14%, 38%, 8% respectively). Using event related potentials, we found that P300 and MMN are more specific in detecting neurocognitive dysfunction related to allocation of attentional resources and immediate memory in these cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The presence of amblyaudia in cases of central auditory processing disorders (CAPDs) and event related potentials is an objective tool for diagnosis, prognosis and follow up after rehabilitation.</p>
Submandibular duct sialolithiasis of unusual size: a case report
Authors: Sarma Mandira , Sahoo Soumick Ranjan 
Published: March 2020

<p>Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of the salivary glands. Majority of sialoliths occur in the submandibular gland. Considering the literature, most stones are less than 5 mm, and stones more than 10 mm are quite unusual. We present a case report of a 37 year old male who had a stone of 11×8 mm near the orifice of the right submandibular duct which was removed via transoral incision.</p>
Case report of uncommon esophageal foreign body: goat’s eye
Authors: Mani Suresh , Swaminathan Gayathri 
Published: March 2020

<p>Foreign bodies of upper aero digestive tract are commonly dealt by an otolaryngologist. We have seen a variety of foreign bodies of esophagus, varying from irritants to non irritants, sharp to big blunt objects which almost always require intervention. An elderly man presented to us with acute onset of dysphagia after ingesting meat. On flexible esophagoscopy, it was found to be an uncommon foreign body of the esophagus which is goat’s eye. We believe this is the first of its kind to be reported in the literature. He had consumed the whole eyeball with the belief that it would improve his vision. Even in today’s era such weird customs and practices prevail in many remote places. Health education should be advocated in target areas to bring about a change in the mindset of people. </p>
Secuestro pulmonar: opciones de tratamiento desde la perspectiva de las teorías embrionarias
Authors: Sancho Hernández Rogelio , Rojas Maruri Mauricio 
Published: March 2020

Niña de cuatro meses, con antecedentes prenatales de masa pulmonar fetal izquierda diagnosticada a las 30 semanas de gestación, como probable malformación adenomatoidea quística. Se ignoran los índices pronósticos o la hidropesía fetal. Nació a término, a las 41 semanas, por vía abdominal, peso de 2900 g, talla de 47 cm y valoración Apgar 8/9. Permaneció hospitalizada debido a sepsis neonatal temprana, con foco neumónico durante 16 días, tratada con cefotaxima y dicloxacilina, sin requerir soporte ventilatorio mecánico (aislamiento de S. epidermidis). Por el linfedema bilateral de manos y pies se solicitó la valoración genética y el cariotipo confirmó el síndrome de Turner 45X. Ingresó al Instituto Nacional de Pediatría con esquema de inmunizaciones incompleto, neurodesarrollo normal y sin otros antecedentes de importancia.
Prevalencia de anormalidades en la citología cervical en tres grupos poblacionales de mujeres en Popayán, Colombia 2003 - 2005
Authors: Bravo de Insuasty Myriam , Erazo José Vicente , Álvarez Ana María , Casas María Isabel , Ortiz de Collazos Ofelia , Álvarez-Soler Jaime 
Published: March 2020

El cáncer cervical es una enfermedad prevenible, sin embargo su erradicación todavía está lejana. La citología no siempre detecta la infección por virus de papiloma humano (HPV) y no predice su comportamiento; es necesario delimitar grupos de riesgo y buscar mecanismos para complementarla.Objetivos: conocer la prevalencia de citologías anormales en diferentes grupos poblacionales de mujeres, y definir su perfil epidemiológico.Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, incluyó 416 mujeres provenientes de un centro de reclusión, de bienestar universitario y de un centro de atención primaria en la ciudad de Popayán, entre los años 2003 a 2005. A las participantes se les tomó una muestra para citología y se les aplicó una encuesta.Resultados: en el centro de reclusión la prevalencia de alteraciones citológicas fue del 11%. En el grupo de estudiantes del 10%. En el grupo del centro de atención primaria del 6%. En los tres grupos se identificaron factores de riesgo.Conclusiones: existe una mayor prevalencia de anormalidades citológicas en población carcelaria y universitaria en Popayán, Colombia.
Tratamiento de la endometriosis I y II. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Díaz-Yamal Ivonne Jeannette , Sanabria-Gaitán Alef Tsade 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: el objetivo de este manuscrito es hacer una revisión de la literatura disponible que aborde el tratamiento de la endometriosis I y II para el manejo del dolor, de la infertilidad y como coadyuvante en las técnicas de reproducción asistida.Metodología: se realizó una revisión de la literatura disponible en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline con énfasis en guías de manejo desde 1992 hasta 2007.Resultados: en el tratamiento del dolor en endometriosis I y II, tanto el manejo médico como quirúrgico es efectivo. No hay diferencia entre los diversos tratamientos médicos en la disminución del dolor; su elección estará determinada por la edad, el deseo de fertilidad de la paciente y los efectos secundarios de los mismos. Para el tratamiento de la infertilidad asociada a endometriosis, el tratamiento médico no es efectivo, pero el manejo quirúrgico parece benéfico para los estadios I y II, eliminando los focos de la enfermedad.Conclusión: se requieren más estudios aleatorios controlados, comparando su uso con placebo o sin tratamiento. La cirugía también ha demostrado mejoría, pero no existen estudios que comparen el manejo médico con el quirúrgico.