bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serosazysten am Uterus der Hündin – Fallbericht und Literaturübersicht zu kaninen Uteruszysten
Authors: Sievert Maren , Ganz Sebastian , Hartung Svenja , Köhler Kernt , Wehrend Axel 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungUterine Zysten bei Hündinnen werden in der Regel mit pathologischen Zuständen in Verbindung gebracht. Eine Ausnahme stellen Serosazysten dar. Diese dünnwandigen, singulär oder multipel auf der Oberfläche des Uterus entstehenden Zysten besitzen keine endokrine Aktivität oder Abhängigkeit. Daher verursachen sie i. d. R. keine klinischen Symptome und sind in ihrem Auftreten nicht zyklusassoziiert. Serosazysten kommen vor allem bei älteren, multiparen Hündinnen großer Rassen vor. Die Diagnose ist mittels transabdominaler Sonografie möglich. Da sich Serosazysten häufig an der Uterushornspitze befinden, lassen sie sich mitunter schwer von Ovarialzysten differenzieren. In diesem Bericht wird der Fall einer Zuchthündin mit multiplen uterinen Serosazysten vorgestellt, die während einer Sectio caesarea detektiert wurden. Die Konzentrationen von Östradiol 17β und Progesteron in der Zystenflüssigkeit entsprachen der Konzentration der Hormone im Blut bei einer Hündin in der Geburt. Die Konzentrationen von Gesamtkalzium, Zink, Kupfer und Eisen in der Zystenflüssigkeit lagen unterhalb der Referenzwerte im Blut von Hunden. Die Konzentrationen von Magnesium, Phosphor, Natrium und Kalium des Zysteninhalts entsprachen den Werten im Blut.
GnRH-Agonisten in der Kleintierpraxis – Was wissen wir 13 Jahre nach der EU-Zulassung?
Authors: Stempel Sabrina , Goericke-Pesch Sandra 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Verfügbarkeit von GnRH-Agonist-Implantaten bietet die Möglichkeit der reversiblen, temporären Downregulation der endokrinen und germinativen Hodenfunktion bei Rüden und Frettchenrüden. Diese Übersichtsarbeit liefert einen Überblick über die zugelassene Indikation, Erzielung einer vorübergehenden Unfruchtbarkeit bei gesunden, unkastrierten, geschlechtsreifen Rüden (4,7 und 9,4 mg Deslorelin) und Frettchenrüden (9,4 mg Deslorelin) sowie über verschiedene Off-Label-Indikationen. Die Off-Label-Anwendung erfordert eine strenge Indikationsstellung, Besitzeraufklärung und einen Therapienotstand. Off-Label-Indikationen beim Rüden sind sexualhormonabhängiges (störendes) Verhalten, benigne Prostatahyperplasie, Adenome der perinealen Drüsen und Alopezie X. Die Anwendung erfolgt beim Frettchen zur Unterdrückung der Fertilität und des Zyklus, aber auch zur medikamentösen Therapie des Hyperadrenokortizismus. Bei Katze und Kater kann ebenso eine Unterdrückung der Fortpflanzung induziert werden. Problematisch sind hier insbesondere der variable Wirkeintritt und die unterschiedliche, z. T. sehr lange Wirkdauer. Während kein (ausreichend) kontrazeptiver Effekt bei männlichen Kaninchen und Meerschweinchen nachgewiesen wurde, kann das Implantat den Zyklus bei weiblichen Kaninchen und Meerschweinchen sowie die Reproduktion bei Ratten beiderlei Geschlechts unterdrücken. Bei Vögeln und Reptilien bestehen signifikante speziespezifische Unterschiede hinsichtlich Wirksamkeit, Wirkeintritt und Wirkdauer. Ein erfolgreicher Einsatz ist bei Huhn, Japanwachtel und Psittaziden hinsichtlich Verhinderung der Eiablage beschrieben, bei Tauben kommt es nur zur Reduktion der Eiablage. Berichte zum erfolgreichen Einsatz bei reproduktionsassoziierten Verhaltensproblemen (Federpicken, Aggressivität) liegen ebenfalls vor. Bei männlichen Tieren einzelner Vogelspezies (Japanwachtel, Zebrafink) bewirkt das Deslorelin-Implantat eine Reduktion der Testosteronkonzentration. Therapeutisch ist der erfolgreiche Einsatz beim Wellensittich mit hormonproduzierendem Sertoli-Zell-Tumor sowie beim Truthahn zur Verhaltensmodulation und Haltungserleichterung (Reduktion der Aggression) beschrieben. Bei Leguanen unterdrückt das Implantat die Ovaraktivität.
Progesterone receptor blockers: historical perspective, mode of function and insights into clinical and scientific applications
Authors: Kowalewski Mariusz P. , Pereira Miguel Tavares , Papa Paula , Gram Aykut 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungAntigestagene (Antiprogestine) sind funktionelle Antagonisten von Progesteron (P4), welche die Vermittlung der biologischen Wirkungen von P4 verhindern, indem sie entweder seine Produktion oder seine Funktionen unterdrücken. Unter Letzteren befinden sich Progesteronrezeptorantagonisten, die die Bindung von P4 an seinen nukleären Rezeptor PGR kompetitiv hemmen. Diese finden sowohl in der Human- als auch in der Veterinärmedizin Anwendung, in der Kleintiermedizin insbesondere zur Nidationsverhütung und zum Trächtigkeitsabbruch. Progesteronrezeptorantagonisten können entsprechend ihrer Wirkungsweise in 2 Klassen eingeteilt werden. Klasse-I-Antagonisten binden an den PGR ohne eine Bindung an Promotoren von Zielgenen zu induzieren (kompetitive Inhibitoren). Antigestagene der Klasse II, einschließlich des in der Veterinärmedizin verwendeten Aglepristons, binden an den PGR, aktivieren dessen Assoziation mit einem Promoter, interferieren jedoch mit den nachgeschalteten Signalkaskaden, z. B. durch Rekrutierung von Transkriptionsrepressoren. Sie wirken dabei als transdominante Repressoren, die negative Auswirkungen auf die Zielgenexpression haben. Wichtig für die experimentellen Wissenschaften ist, dass Antagonisten der Klasse II, als aktive Antagonisten, für ihre Wirkung nicht die Anwesenheit des natürlichen Liganden benötigen. Neben ihrer klinischen Anwendung werden Antigestagene in der Forschung zur Untersuchung P4-abhängiger physiologischer und pathologischer Prozesse eingesetzt. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Geschichte und den aktuellen Einsatz von Progesteronrezeptorblockern in der Veterinärmedizin und Forschung.
Stabilization of Mitochondrial Function by Ellagic Acid Prevents Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat Cardiomyocytes and Isolated Mitochondria
Authors: Atashbar Saman , Sabzalipour Towhid , Salimi Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe possible action of polyphenolic compounds in the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial toxicity may suggest them as putative agents for the treatment of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiotoxicity. This study was designed to explore protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against celecoxib-induced cellular and mitochondrial toxicity in cardiomyocytes and their isolated mitochondria. In order to do this, isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria were pretreated with 3 different concentrations of EA (10, 50 and 100 µM), after which celecoxib (16 µg/ml) was added to promote deleterious effects on cells and mitochondria. Using flow cytometry and biochemical methods, the parameters of cellular and mitochondrial toxicity were investigated. Our results showed that celecoxib (16 µg/ml) caused a significant decrease in cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glutathione (GSH) in intact cardiomyocytes and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, MMP collapse, and mitochondrial swelling, and a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation (LP) and oxidative stress in isolated mitochondria. Also, our results revealed that co-administration of EA (50 and 100 µM) with celecoxib significantly attenuated the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity effects. In this study, we showed that simultaneous treatment with of EA ameliorated the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity induced by celecoxib, with cardiomyocytes presenting normal activity compared to the control group, and mitochondria retaining their normal activity.
The genetic structure and adaptation of Andean highlanders and Amazonians are influenced by the interplay between geography and culture
Authors: Borda Víctor , Alvim Isabela , Mendes Marla , Silva-Carvalho Carolina , Soares-Souza Giordano B. , Leal Thiago P. , Furlan Vinicius , Scliar Marilia O. , Zamudio Roxana , Zolini Camila , Araújo Gilderlanio S. , Luizon Marcelo R. , Padilla Carlos , Cáceres Omar , Levano Kelly , Sánchez César , Trujillo Omar , Flores-Villanueva Pedro O. , Dean Michael , Fuselli Silvia , Machado Moara , Romero Pedro E. , Tassi Francesca , Yeager Meredith , O’Connor Timothy D. , Gilman Robert H. , Tarazona-Santos Eduardo , Guio Heinner 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Native Americans are neglected in human genetics studies, despite recent interest in the study of ancient DNA of their ancestors. Our findings on Andean and Amazonian populations exemplify how the current pattern of genetic diversity in human populations is influenced by the interaction of history and environment. In the present case, this pattern is influenced by 1) altitudinal and climatic differences among the northern, lower, and fertile Andes versus the southern, higher, and arid Andes and 2) the sharp differences between the Andean highlands and the Amazon lowlands, where natural selection and other evolutionary forces acted for millennia, shaping differences in the frequencies of genetic variants related to immune response, drug response, and cardiovascular and hematological functions.
1D potential wells of the form

Vx<a=−Vo1−xnan
Authors: Corrigan Abby , Shertzer Janine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We consider the finite potential well defined by

V

x

<
a

=
−

V

o

1
−

x

n

a

n

,where n is an integer. The Schrödinger equation is recast into dimensionless form; the size of the well is characterized by a single parameter

α
=

2
m

V

o

a
/
ℏ

. We use three different mathematical techniques to solve for the energy eigenvalues and wave functions. Analytic solutions are given for the triangular well (n = 1), the parabolic well (n = 2), and the square well (n → ∞). The finite element method is used to obtain accurate numerical results for 1 ⩽ n ⩽ ∞ over a full range of α. Finally, both the energy and wave function are expanded in a Taylor series in order to study the analytic behavior of the ground state energy (as a function of n) as α → 0.
Organic–inorganic hybrid and inorganic halide perovskites: structural and chemical engineering, interfaces and optoelectronic properties
Authors: Krishnamurthy Shrreya , Pandey Padmini , Kaur Jagjit , Chakraborty Sudip , Nayak Pabitra K , Sadhanala Aditya , Ogale Satishchandra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This review aims to capture the emergent scenario of research in the field of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites and inorganic halide perovskites as fuelled by the continuing excitement about these materials, their unique properties and their immense application potential in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. While some spectacular successes have already been achieved in respect of these applications, several challenges have also been encountered in terms of the stability of these materials under different ambients and stimuli, and their integration with other functional materials to generate new device architectures. Towards this end, this review discusses pertinent strategies to tune and control their device-worthy properties and eliminate their shortcomings to the extent feasible. These include (a) intelligent doping in these structurally and chemically sensitive systems, (b) the role of defects and strategies to mitigate them via innovative synthetic controls, (c) molecular engineering to control the dimensionality and new phases in these materials, and (d) the emergent understanding about the structure–chemistry–property relationships, especially the photophysical properties. We also address the bearing that these issues have on the ultimate realisation of robust high-efficiency solar cells, either in stand-alone or tandem configurations, as well as on high-performance light-emitting diodes. The insights gained by first-principles density functional theory calculations to understand the experimental observations and to predict new material designs are also discussed. The review is concluded with a section on the summary and outlook, wherein the authors’ perspective on the emergent scenario is presented.
Ultraviolet plasmonic enhancement of the native fluorescence of tryptophan on aluminum nano-hole arrays
Authors: Lee Ji-Young , Cheng Xueling , Wang Yunshan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The native fluorescence of biomolecules has been used in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of an analyte. However, detecting biomolecules based on their intrinsic fluorescence at low concentration is challenging due to their small quantum yield and poor photon stability. Ultraviolet plasmonics have been reported to increase the photon yield and the photon stability of the native fluorescence of biomolecules such as DNA, peptides, and proteins. However, the experimentally reported count rate, or net enhancement factor, is small-with

<

80× for DNA and

<

14× for amino acids. Here we report native fluorescence enhancement of tryptophan on aluminum hole-arrays. By optimizing excitation geometry and the hole spacings, we are able to achieve a 47× net enhancement factor, the highest reported in the literature for tryptophan molecules. We conducted photobleaching experiments and observed a 2.3× reduction in the fast photon bleaching rate and 1.9× reduction in the slow photon bleaching rate on an aluminum hole-array with 300 nm periodicity compared to an aluminum thin film. The enhancement of the total photon yield reaches 58×, which is a result of the enhanced radiative rate. This study shows that periodic aluminum hole-arrays allow detection of tryptophan at concentration levels lower than previously reported, underpinning further research into label-free biosensing.
Simplification of calibration of low-cost MEMS accelerometer and its temperature compensation without accurate laboratory equipment
Authors: Khankalantary Saeed , Ranjbaran Saeed , Ebadollahi Saeed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A nonlinear cost function is defined for field calibration of the accelerometer, using the rule that the norm of the measured vector in a static state is equal to the magnitude of the gravity vector. To solve this cost function, various optimization methods like Newton and Levenberg–Marquardt have been presented in different references. However, these methods are complicated, time-consuming, and require an initial value. This study presents a method that simplifies the cost function and obtains the error coefficients, including bias, scale factor, and non-orthogonality using the linear least-squares method which is simpler and faster than other optimization methods and does not need initial values. Also, the output of the low-cost MEMS accelerometer depends on temperature due to its silicon property. Thus, by finding the dependency of the error coefficients on temperature, they can be compensated. This paper models dependency of error coefficients on temperature using cubic spline interpolation and minimizes the temperature effect. Simulation results of MATLAB and the proposed field calibration method and temperature compensation on the low-cost MPU6050 sensor show its good performance.
LOSGAN: latent optimized stable GAN for intelligent fault diagnosis with limited data in rotating machinery
Authors: Liu Shen , Chen Jinglong , Qu Cheng , Hou Rujie , Lv Haixin , Pan Tongyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite the great achievements of the intelligent diagnosis methods of rotating machinery based on being data-driven, it still suffers from the problem of scarce labeled data. Therefore, this paper focuses on developing a data augmentation method of few-shot learning for fault diagnosis under small sample size conditions. Firstly, we developed the latent optimized stable generative adversarial network to adaptively augment the small sample size data without prior knowledge. Furthermore, penalty terms based on the distance metric for differences in distributions are adopted to constrain the optimization objective of the model. And self-attention and spectral normalization are applied in the model to stabilize the training process. Then, supervised classifier training is conducted based on the augmented sample set. Comparative analysis of the frequency spectrum verified the authenticity and reliability of the generated samples. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is validated with a comparative study on three cases of rolling bearing fault diagnosis experiments. The average accuracy can achieve 99.71%, 99.7%, and 96.27% in 10-shot sample fault diagnosis.
GaAs surface passivation for InAs/GaAs quantum dot based nanophotonic devices
Authors: Chellu Abhiroop , Koivusalo Eero , Raappana Marianna , Ranta Sanna , Polojärvi Ville , Tukiainen Antti , Lahtonen Kimmo , Saari Jesse , Valden Mika , Seppänen Heli , Lipsanen Harri , Guina Mircea , Hakkarainen Teemu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Several passivation techniques are developed and compared in terms of their ability to preserve the optical properties of close-to-surface InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs). In particular, the influence of N-passivation by hydrazine chemical treatment, N-passivation by hydrazine followed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of AlO
x
and use of AlN
x
deposited by plasma-enhanced ALD are reported. The effectiveness of the passivation is benchmarked by measuring the emission linewidths and decay rates of photo-carriers for the near-surface QDs. All three passivation mechanisms resulted in reducing the oxidation of Ga and As atoms at the GaAs surface and consequently in enhancing the room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) intensity. However, long-term stability of the passivation effect is exhibited only by the hydrazine + AlO
x
process and more significantly by the AlN
x
method. Moreover, in contrast to the results obtained from hydrazine-based methods, the AlN
x
passivation strongly reduces the spectral diffusion of the QD exciton lines caused by charge fluctuations at the GaAs surface. The AlN
x
passivation is found to reduce the surface recombination velocity by three orders of magnitude (corresponding to an increase of room-temperature PL signal by ∼1030 times). The reduction of surface recombination velocity is demonstrated on surface-sensitive GaAs (100) and the passivating effect is stable for more than one year. This effective method of passivation, coupled with its stability in time, is extremely promising for practical device applications such as quantum light sources based on InAs/GaAs QDs positioned in small-volume photonic cavities and hence in the proximity of GaAs-air interface.
New concept of metal ion thruster based on pulsed thermionic vacuum arc discharge
Authors: Velicu I-L , Tiron V , Petrea M-A , Popa G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A new approach for the development of an innovative, low-cost, long lifespan, small size and versatile metal ion thruster (MIT), able to independently control thrust and specific impulse generation, is proposed. The concept of pulsed thermionic vacuum arc (PTVA) is used to generate and accelerate metal ions, without using acceleration grids. Operating under high or ultra-high vacuum conditions makes PTVA discharge suitable to be used in the vacuum of space. The proposed electric propulsion system can provide significant thrust and specific impulse levels due to an efficient metal ion acceleration process in the electric field of a double layer structure developed in PTVA plasma. For certain experimental conditions, the performance parameters values of this MIT–PTVA approach, and even exceed, those of the classical ion thrusters like xenon ion propulsion system and stationary plasma Hall thruster.
Optical estimation of unitary Gaussian processes without phase reference using Fock states
Authors: Oh Changhun , Park Kimin , Filip Radim , Jeong Hyunseok , Marek Petr 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Since a general Gaussian process is phase-sensitive, a stable phase reference is required to take advantage of this feature. When the reference is missing, either due to the volatile nature of the measured sample or the measurement’s technical limitations, the resulting process appears as random in phase. Under this condition, we consider two single-mode Gaussian processes, displacement and squeezing. We show that these two can be efficiently estimated using photon number states and photon number resolving detectors. For separate estimation of displacement and squeezing, the practical estimation errors for hundreds of probes’ ensembles can saturate the Cramér–Rao bound even for arbitrary small values of the estimated parameters and under realistic losses. The estimation of displacement with Fock states always outperforms estimation using Gaussian states with equivalent energy and optimal measurement. For estimation of squeezing, Fock states outperform Gaussian methods, but only when their energy is large enough. Finally, we show that Fock states can also be used to estimate the displacement and the squeezing simultaneously.
Roadmap for the multiscale coupling of biochemical and mechanical signals during development
Authors: Lenne Pierre-François , Munro Edwin , Heemskerk Idse , Warmflash Aryeh , Bocanegra-Moreno Laura , Kishi Kasumi , Kicheva Anna , Long Yuchen , Fruleux Antoine , Boudaoud Arezki , Saunders Timothy E , Caldarelli Paolo , Michaut Arthur , Gros Jerome , Maroudas-Sacks Yonit , Keren Kinneret , Hannezo Edouard , Gartner Zev J , Stormo Benjamin , Gladfelter Amy , Rodrigues Alan , Shyer Amy , Minc Nicolas , Maître Jean-Léon , Di Talia Stefano , Khamaisi Bassma , Sprinzak David , Tlili Sham 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The way in which interactions between mechanics and biochemistry lead to the emergence of complex cell and tissue organization is an old question that has recently attracted renewed interest from biologists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists. Rapid advances in optical physics, microscopy and computational image analysis have greatly enhanced our ability to observe and quantify spatiotemporal patterns of signalling, force generation, deformation, and flow in living cells and tissues. Powerful new tools for genetic, biophysical and optogenetic manipulation are allowing us to perturb the underlying machinery that generates these patterns in increasingly sophisticated ways. Rapid advances in theory and computing have made it possible to construct predictive models that describe how cell and tissue organization and dynamics emerge from the local coupling of biochemistry and mechanics. Together, these advances have opened up a wealth of new opportunities to explore how mechanochemical patterning shapes organismal development. In this roadmap, we present a series of forward-looking case studies on mechanochemical patterning in development, written by scientists working at the interface between the physical and biological sciences, and covering a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, organisms, and modes of development. Together, these contributions highlight the many ways in which the dynamic coupling of mechanics and biochemistry shapes biological dynamics: from mechanoenzymes that sense force to tune their activity and motor output, to collectives of cells in tissues that flow and redistribute biochemical signals during development.
Research on ultrasonic phased array inspection technology of small diameter tube based on Ultravision simulation technology
Authors: Gao Yunpeng , Wang Xu , Xie Liming , Gong Weiwei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
According to the principle of ultrasonic phased array inspection, the ultrasonic phased array inspection simulation experiment is carried out on the butt weld of small diameter tube of power plant boiler by using the Ultravision software, which mainly includes the simulation of acoustic beam coverage and focused beam distribution. From the simulation test results, it can be concluded that: through the simulation of the acoustic beam coverage, the accessibility and coverage of the ultrasonic phased array acoustic beam can be simulated, and the applicability of the detection process can be verified and optimized; Through the simulation of focusing beam distribution, the distribution of the beam focus in the butt weld of the small diameter tube can be determined, which can guide the selection of focusing mode in the detection process and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of defect detection.