bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite submental flaps in facial reconstructive surgery involving the zygoma and orbit
Authors: Khan Usman , Haupt Sebastian , Rigby Matthew , Taylor S. Mark , Corsten Martin , Trites Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

Background The submental island flap (SIF) is a reliable option for reconstructing defects in the facial region and offers several advantages when compared to free-flap alternatives. While the reconstructive applications of the SIF have been demonstrated in the lower face, there are limited reports on its utility as a composite flap for reconstructing defects of the upper facial skeleton. To our knowledge, we report the first cases of composite (osteocutaneous) SIFs used for reconstruction of complex facial defects involving the zygoma and lateral orbit respectively. Case presentations Three consecutive cases are presented. All were performed following resection of skin cancers with invasion of the upper facial skeleton. The first case was a 68-year-old male with a longstanding history of non-melanoma skin cancers who presented with a 7 cm recurrent basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with bicortical invasion of the left zygoma. The second case was an 88-year-old female with several squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), including a dominant 7.1 cm SCC on the right temple with orbital invasion. A third case was a 75-year-old immunosuppressed male with a 6.5 cm SCC of the right cheek with invasion of the orbit and zygoma following prior resection as well as high dose radiotherapy. The operative management of all cases involved harvesting the SIF on its vascular pedicle alongside the inferior portion of the mandible with rigid fixation to address the bony defects. The first case was robust throughout adjuvant radiotherapy with no flap complications after 2 year follow up. The second patient received adjuvant radiation therapy to an area that was previously radiated. Although the flap remained viable for a year, the patient experienced delayed soft tissue loss over the bony segment and eventual devitalization of the distal flap. The third case achieved a satisfactory result with no complications. Conclusions Our case series outlines a unique application of the composite (osteocutaneous) submental island flap (SIF) for reconstruction of complex facial defects involving the upper facial skeleton. The osteocutaneous SIF should be used with caution in patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy who have a history of previous radiation to the same or overlapping field. Graphical abstract
Postseismic deformation following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake detected by ALOS-2/PALSAR-2
Authors: Hashimoto Manabu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractI have been conducting a study of postseismic deformation following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake using ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 acquired till 2018. I apply ionospheric correction to interferograms of ALOS-2/PALSAR-2. L-band SAR gives us high coherence enough to reveal surface deformation even in vegetated or mountainous area for pairs of images acquired more than 2 years. Postseismic deformation following the Kumamoto earthquake exceeds 10 cm during 2 years at some spots in and around Kumamoto city and Aso caldera. Westward motion of ~ 6 cm/year was dominant on the southeast side of the Hinagu fault, while westward shift was detected on both sides of the Futagawa fault. The area of latter deformation seems to have correlation with distribution of pyroclastic flow deposits. Significant uplift was found around the eastern Futagawa fault and on the southwestern frank of Aso caldera, whose rate reaches 4 cm/year. There are sharp changes across several coseismic surface ruptures such as Futagawa, Hinagu, and Idenokuchi faults. Rapid subsidence between Futagawa and Idenokuchi faults also found. It is confirmed that local subsidence continued along the Suizenji fault, which newly appeared during the mainshock in Kumamoto City. Subsidence with westward shift of up to 4 cm/year was also found in Aso caldera. Time constant of postseismic decay ranges from 1 month to 600 days at selected points, but that postseismic deformation during the first epochs or two is dominant at point in the Kumamoto Plain. This result suggests multiple source of deformation. Westward motion around the Hinagu fault may be explained with right lateral afterslip on the shallow part of this fault. Subsidence along the Suizenji fault can be attributed to normal faulting on dipping westward. Deformation around the Hinagu and Idenokuchi faults cannot be explained with right lateral afterslip of Futagawa fault, which requires other sources. Deformation in northern part of Aso caldera might be the result of right lateral afterslip on a possible buried fault.
Computer-assisted horizontal translational osseous genioplasty: a simple method to correct chin deviation
Authors: Keyhan Seied Omid , Azari Abbas , Yousefi Parisa , Cheshmi Behzad , Fallahi Hamid Reza , Valipour Mohammad Amin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Different genioplasty techniques are applied for the adjustment of chin area deformities such as chin deviation.

Results
Thirty patients with simple facial asymmetry due to chin deviation underwent computer-assisted horizontal translational osseous genioplasty. In this technique, a surgical guide was used to cut a bone strip from the side where the chin should be transferred to; then, the same bone strip was used for the filling of the gap that was formed on the opposite side.

Conclusion
According to the experience gained from this study, the authors believe that computer-assisted horizontal translational osseous genioplasty is a simple and reliable technique for patients with facial asymmetry due to chin deviation.
Compatibility of some botanicals and the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.), against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Rehman Habib-ur , Rasul Amer , Farooqi Muhammad Aslam , Aslam Hafiz Muhammad Usman , Majeed Beenish , Sagheer Muhammad , Ali Qurban 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a serious pest of stored grain commodities worldwide which results in considerable losses to stored wheat, Triticum aestivum (Linn.).

Main body
The present laboratory bioassay was carried out to examine the efficiency of the fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) formulation (Racer TM), and Neem extract (NE), Eucalyptus extract (EE), and Tobacco extract (TE) against 3rd instar larvae of T. castaneum. The fungal formulation was applied at 0.3 × 108, 0.6 × 108, and 0.9 × 108 conidia kg−1 of the crushed wheat grains; as well, it was mixed separately with 5% concentrations of each plant extract under the laboratory conditions of 30 ± 2 °C and 65 ± 5% RH. Mortality rate of the tested larvae was enumerated after regular intervals of times. Mortality of the larvae increased at the highest combined concentrations of the fungal conidial formulation and the plant extracts rather than their single treatments. The highest mortality rate of the larvae (71.32%) was recorded at the highest concentration binary mixture of (Racer TM +NE), whereas relatively the lowest mortality rate (15.54%) was enumerated in the combined treatments of (Racer TM +NE). Furthermore, the highest separate concentration of B. bassiana (0.9 × 108 conidia/ml) persistently resulted in more larval mortality (32.68%) of 3rd instar larvae of T. castaneum than the plant extracts (7.52, 9.89, and 14.61%), respectively. A noticeably greater rate of mycosis and sporulation was counted in the larvae of the insect in separate treatments of B. bassiana than in its combined applications with the plant extracts. The highest mycosis (85.13%) and sporulation (160.12 conidia/ml) was detected in the treatment, where the lowest concentration of B. bassiana (0.3 × 108 conidia/ml) was used, alone.

Conclusion
Hence, it was concluded that integrated use of these two bio-pesticides plus the fungus can be helpful in the integrated pest management program of T. castaneum.
Refining drug administration in a murine model of acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Gulin Julián Ernesto Nicolás , Bisio Margarita , García-Bournissen Facundo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
In animal research, “refinement” refers to modifications of husbandry or experimental procedures to enhance animal well-being and minimize or eliminate pain and distress. Evaluation of drug efficacy in mice models, such as those used to study Trypanosoma cruzi infection, require prolonged drug administration by the oral route (e.g. for 20 consecutive days). However, the orogastric gavage method can lead to significant discomfort, upper digestive or respiratory tract lesions, aspiration pneumonia and even accidental death. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of two administration methods (conventional oral gavage vs. a refined method using a disposable tip and automatic pipette) on the efficacy of benznidazole in a murine model of T. cruzi infection.

Results
Both administration methods led to a rapid and persistent reduction in parasitaemia. Absence of T. cruzi DNA (evaluated by real-time PCR) in blood, cardiac and skeletal muscle confirmed that treatment efficacy was not influenced by the administration method used.

Conclusions
The proposed refined method for long-term oral drug administration may be a suitable strategy for assessing drug efficacy in mice models of Chagas disease and can be applied to similar murine infection models to reduce animal discomfort.
Accurate calibration of thermophotovoltaic efficiency
Authors: Omair Zunaid , Pazos-Outon Luis M. , Steiner Myles A. , Yablonovitch Eli 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe new record efficiency in Thermophotovoltaics relies upon a highly reflective rear mirror. The excellent rear mirror boosts voltage by enhancing the luminescence extraction, and separately also reflects low energy photons, which would otherwise be useless in thermophotovoltaics. The reflected low energy photons reheat the thermal emitter, and regenerate above-bandgap energy photons. The efficiency calibration for such regenerative thermophotovoltaics depends on several factors, yet predominantly on the accurate measurement of the rear mirror reflectivity. Here, we report on the technique for accurate measurement of mirror reflectivity, and of record thermophotovoltaic efficiency 29.1 ± 0.6%, at 1207 °C.
Vitamin D in active systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis: a forgotten player
Authors: Khairallah Marwa K. , Makarem Yasmine S. , Dahpy Marwa A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder associated with immunological abnormalities (Aringer et al., Arthritis Rheumatol 71:1400-1412, 2019). Vitamin D (VD) has an important role in SLE pathogenesis, as it controls cell cycle progression besides its anti-proliferative effects (Liu et al., J Cell Commun Signal 71, 2019). Determining the relationship between VD with SLE activity and lupus nephritis (LN) can establish a new role for VD in SLE management (Liu et al., J Cell Commun Signal 71, 2019). In our study, we aimed to assess the relationship between levels of VD in patients with SLE activity and with LN and to verify the relationship between VD levels with clinical and laboratory parameters in those patients, in order to assess the validity of adding serum VD level in the routine follow-up as a marker that may lead to earlier diagnosis of SLE activity and LN in adult SLE patients.ResultsSerum VD was significantly lower in SLE patients (3.38 ± 2.55 ng/ml) versus healthy controls (5.36 ± 2.88 ng/ml) (P< 0.002). Interestingly, serum VD was significantly lower in patient with active SLE according to SLEDAI (3.00 ± 2.27 ng/ml) versus those with inactive SLE (5.10 ± 3.19 ng/ml) (P< 0.02). Significant negative correlation was found between serum level of VD and each of mucocutaneous, malar rash, and renal manifestations. Significant negative correlation was also noticed among SLEDAI (Pvalue = 0.01) and renal SLEDAI scores (Pvalue = 0.021) with serum level of VD.ConclusionLow levels of VD were found to be frequent in SLE patients especially during phases of SLE activity and nephritis. Potent markers of low serum VD level in SLE patients were found to be mucocutaneous, malar rash, and LN. Our results support that VD levels could act as independent risk factors for activity and LN in SLE patients; moreover, treatment with VD supplementation could decrease the incidence of activity and nephritis in SLE patients.
The bone marrow niche components are adversely affected in sepsis
Authors: Yin Fan , Qian Han , Duan Caiwen , Ning Botao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMultiple organ dysfunction is an important cause of death in patients with sepsis. Currently, few studies have focused on the impact of sepsis on bone marrow (BM), especially on the cell components of BM niche. In this study, we performed mouse sepsis models by intraperitoneal injection of LPS and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The changes of niche major components in the mouse BM among vascular structures, mesenchymal stem cells and Treg cells were observed and analyzed. The results showed that pathological changes in BM was earlier and more prominent than in other organs, and various cell components of the BM niche changed significantly, of which vascular endothelial cells increased transiently with vascular remodeling and the regulatory T cells decreased over a long period of time. These results indicated that the components of the BM niche underwent series of adaptive changes in sepsis.
Survival Differences in Chinese Versus White Women With Breast Cancer in the United States: A SEER-Based Analysis
Authors: Lim David W. , Giannakeas Vasily , Narod Steven A. 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE The affect of race on breast cancer prognosis is not well understood. We compared crude and adjusted breast cancer survival rates of Chinese women versus White women in the United States. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of Chinese and White women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 to 2015 in the SEER 18 registries database. We abstracted information on age at diagnosis, tumor size, grade, lymph node status, receptor status, surgical treatment, receipt of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and death. We compared crude breast cancer–specific mortality between the two ethnic groups. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) in a propensity-matched design using the Cox proportional hazards model. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There were 7,553 Chinese women (1.8%) and 414,618 White women (98.2%) with stage I-IV breast cancer in the SEER database. There were small differences in demographics, nodal burden, and clinical stage between Chinese and White women. Ten-year breast cancer–specific survival was 88.8% for Chinese women and 85.6% for White women (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.80; P < .0001). In a propensity-matched analysis among women with stage I–IIIC breast cancer, the HR was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.81; P < .0001). Annual mortality rates in White women exceeded those in Chinese women for the first 9 years after diagnosis. CONCLUSION Chinese women in the United States have superior breast cancer–specific survival compared with White women. The reason for the observed difference is not clear. Differences in demographic and tumor features between Chinese and White women with breast cancer may contribute to the disparity, as may the possibility of intrinsic biologic differences.
Carboplatin and Paclitaxel for Advanced Endometrial Cancer: Final Overall Survival and Adverse Event Analysis of a Phase III Trial (NRG Oncology/GOG0209)
Authors: Miller David S. , Filiaci Virginia L. , Mannel Robert S. , Cohn David E. , Matsumoto Takashi , Tewari Krishnansu S. , DiSilvestro Paul , Pearl Michael L. , Argenta Peter A. , Powell Matthew A. , Zweizig Susan L. , Warshal David P. , Hanjani Parviz , Carney Michael E. , Huang Helen , Cella David , Zaino Richard , Fleming Gini F. 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE Limitations of the paclitaxel-doxorubicin-cisplatin (TAP) regimen in the treatment of endometrial cancer include tolerability and cumbersome scheduling. The Gynecologic Oncology Group studied carboplatin plus paclitaxel (TC) as a noninferior alternative to TAP. METHODS GOG0209 was a phase III, randomized, noninferiority, open-label trial. Inclusion criteria were stage III, stage IV, and recurrent endometrial cancers; performance status 0-2; and adequate renal, hepatic, and marrow function. Prior radiotherapy and/or hormonal therapy were permitted, but chemotherapy, including radiosensitization, was not. Patients were treated with doxorubicin 45 mg/m2 and cisplatin 50 mg/m2 (day 1), followed by paclitaxel 160 mg/m2 (day 2) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and carboplatin area under the curve 6 (day 1) every 21 days for seven cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS; modified intention to treat). Progression-free survival (PFS), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and toxicity were secondary endpoints. RESULTS From 2003 to 2009, 1,381 women were enrolled. Noninferiority of TC to TAP was concluded for OS (median, 37 v 41 months, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 1.002; 90% CI, 0.9 to 1.12), and PFS (median, 13 v 14 months; HR, 1.032; 90% CI, 0.93 to 1.15). Neutropenic fever was reported in 7% of patients receiving TAP and 6% of those receiving TC. Grade > 2 sensory neuropathy was recorded in 26% of patients receiving TAP and 20% receiving TC ( P = .40). More grade ≥ 3 thrombocytopenia (23% v 12%), vomiting (7% v 4%), diarrhea (6% v 2%), and metabolic (14% v 8%) toxicities were reported with TAP. Neutropenia (52% v 80%) was more common with TC. Small HRQoL differences favored TC. CONCLUSION With demonstrated noninferiority to TAP, TC is the global first-line standard for advanced endometrial cancer.
Selection of Optimal Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Early Breast Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update
Authors: Denduluri Neelima , Somerfield Mark R. , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana , Comander Amy H. , Dayao Zoneddy , Eisen Andrea , Freedman Rachel A. , Gopalakrishnan Ragisha , Graff Stephanie L. , Hassett Michael J. , King Tari A. , Lyman Gary H. , Maupin Gillian Rice , Nunes Raquel , Perkins Cheryl L. , Telli Melinda L. , Trudeau Maureen E. , Wolff Antonio C. , Giordano Sharon H. 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE The aim of this work is to update key recommendations of the ASCO guideline adaptation of the Cancer Care Ontario guideline on the selection of optimal adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer and adjuvant targeted therapy for breast cancer. METHODS An Expert Panel conducted a targeted systematic literature review guided by a signals approach to identify new, potentially practice-changing data that might translate into revised guideline recommendations. RESULTS The Expert Panel reviewed abstracts from the literature review and identified one article for inclusion that reported results of the phase III, open-label KATHERINE trial. In the KATHERINE trial, patients with stage I to III human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer with residual invasive disease in the breast or axilla after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and HER2-targeted therapy were allocated to adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1; n = 743) or to trastuzumab (n = 743). Invasive disease–free survival was significantly higher in the T-DM1 group than in the trastuzumab arm (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.64; P < .001), and risk of distant recurrence was lower in patients who received T-DM1 than in patients who received trastuzumab (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.79). Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 190 patients (25.7%) who received T-DM1 and in 111 patients (15.4%) who received trastuzumab. RECOMMENDATIONS Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer with pathologic invasive residual disease at surgery after standard preoperative chemotherapy and HER2-targeted therapy should be offered 14 cycles of adjuvant T-DM1, unless there is disease recurrence or unmanageable toxicity. Clinicians may offer any of the available and approved formulations of trastuzumab, including trastuzumab, trastuzumab and hyaluronidase-oysk, and available biosimilars. Additional information can be found at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines
Quality of Life and its Determinants in Patients With Treated Acromegaly: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study in China
Authors: Guo Xiaopeng , Wang Kailu , Yu Siyue , Gao Lu , Wang Zihao , Zhu Huijuan , Xing Bing , Zhang Shuyang , Dong Dong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractContextQuality of life (QoL) continues to be impaired in acromegaly after treatment.ObjectiveWe conducted the first nationwide survey assessing QoL status among Chinese patients with treated acromegaly and explored correlations with clinical parameters, treatment modalities, and outcomes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSurvey via Chinese Association of Patients with Acromegaly (CAPA) online platform.PatientsTreated patients from CAPA.Main Outcome MeasuresQoL was assessed using acromegaly QoL questionnaire (AcroQoL), 5-level EuroQoL five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), and 12-item short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-12).ResultsComplete, valid questionnaires from 327 patients (mean age: 39.2 years, 61.5% females) at a mean of 10 years after treatment were included. Biochemical control was satisfied in 52.9% of these patients. The controlled patients had significantly better QoL than the uncontrolled patients in all AcroQoL dimensions, most SF-12 dimensions, and pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L. Patients with either controlled or uncontrolled acromegaly had significantly worse QoL than the age- and sex-adjusted population reference in most SF-12 dimensions except for physical functioning. More acromegaly-associated symptoms and comorbidities at follow-up were independent risk factors for decreased QoL across all questionnaires. Medical treatment, especially with somatostatin analogs (SSAs), and radiotherapy were predictors of worse QoL. Female patients had lower scores of physical-related QoL than male patients.ConclusionsOur study suggests that biochemical control improved but did not normalize QoL in acromegaly. Numbers of symptoms and comorbidities at follow-up, sex, radiotherapy, and medical treatment with SSAs were factors determining QoL of patients with treated acromegaly.
Fluoride-ion Conductivity Analysis of Yb-F-S Multiple-anion Compounds
Authors: Tachibana Shintaro , Ide Kazuto , Tojigamori Takeshi , Yamamoto Yusaku , Miki Hidenori , Yamasaki Hisatsugu , Kotani Yukinari , Orikasa Yuki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The mixed-anion fluorosulfide Yb3F4S2 was examined as a solid electrolyte for all-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries. The synthesized Yb3F4S2 compound by solid-state reaction under vacuum contained Yb2O2S impurities, which originated from the starting materials. The conduction properties of Yb3F4S2 are discussed herein based on the electrochemical impedance and DC blocking measurements, which indicate mixed ionic and electrical conduction of Yb3F4S2. Yb L3-edge X-ray absorption measurements demonstrate the mixed valence state of ytterbium ion.
Vigilância digital e coronavida: o “novo normal” do século XXI
Authors: Velloso Rafael 
Published: October 2020

Diante da emergência do coronavírus e sua propagação a nível global, diferentes tecnologias de monitoramento foram empregadas e impulsionadas, todas com a justificativa de conter o avanço da doença. No Brasil, essa ampla utilização contrasta com o total descontrole da doença. Paralalelamente, enquanto países mergulham em crises sociais, sanitárias e econômicas, empresas da área de tecnologia batem recorde de lucro. Portanto, o presente artigo busca analisar a relação existente entre a emergência sanitária e a ampliação do uso das tecnologias de vigiliância digital e controle populacional. Palavras-chave: pandemia; vigilância digital; big data