bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single Sensor Compressive Light Field Video Camera
Authors: Hajisharif Saghi , Miandji Ehsan , Guillemot Christine , Unger Jonas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a novel compressed sensing (CS) algorithm and camera design for light field video capture using a single sensor consumer camera module. Unlike microlens light field cameras which sacrifice spatial resolution to obtain angular information, our CS approach is designed for capturing light field videos with high angular, spatial, and temporal resolution. The compressive measurements required by CS are obtained using a random color‐coded mask placed between the sensor and aperture planes. The convolution of the incoming light rays from different angles with the mask results in a single image on the sensor; hence, achieving a significant reduction on the required bandwidth for capturing light field videos. We propose to change the random pattern on the spectral mask between each consecutive frame in a video sequence and extracting spatio‐angular‐spectral‐temporal 6D patches. Our CS reconstruction algorithm for light field videos recovers each frame while taking into account the neighboring frames to achieve significantly higher reconstruction quality with reduced temporal incoherencies, as compared with previous methods. Moreover, a thorough analysis of various sensing models for compressive light field video acquisition is conducted to highlight the advantages of our method. The results show a clear advantage of our method for monochrome sensors, as well as sensors with color filter arrays.
A Survey of Multifragment Rendering
Authors: Vasilakis A. A. , Vardis K. , Papaioannou G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the past few years, advances in graphics hardware have fuelled an explosion of research and development in the field of interactive and real‐time rendering in screen space. Following this trend, a rapidly increasing number of applications rely on multifragment rendering solutions to develop visually convincing graphics applications with dynamic content. The main advantage of these approaches is that they encompass additional rasterised geometry, by retaining more information from the fragment sampling domain, thus augmenting the visibility determination stage. With this survey, we provide an overview of and insight into the extensive, yet active research and respective literature on multifragment rendering. We formally present the multifragment rendering pipeline, clearly identifying the construction strategies, the core image operation categories and their mapping to the respective applications. We describe features and trade‐offs for each class of techniques, pointing out GPU optimisations and limitations and provide practical recommendations for choosing an appropriate method for each application. Finally, we offer fruitful context for discussion by outlining some existing problems and challenges as well as by presenting opportunities for impactful future research directions.
State‐of‐the‐art in Automatic 3D Reconstruction of Structured Indoor Environments
Authors: Pintore Giovanni , Mura Claudio , Ganovelli Fabio , Fuentes‐Perez Lizeth , Pajarola Renato , Gobbetti Enrico 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCreating high‐level structured 3D models of real‐world indoor scenes from captured data is a fundamental task which has important applications in many fields. Given the complexity and variability of interior environments and the need to cope with noisy and partial captured data, many open research problems remain, despite the substantial progress made in the past decade. In this survey, we provide an up‐to‐date integrative view of the field, bridging complementary views coming from computer graphics and computer vision. After providing a characterization of input sources, we define the structure of output models and the priors exploited to bridge the gap between imperfect sources and desired output. We then identify and discuss the main components of a structured reconstruction pipeline, and review how they are combined in scalable solutions working at the building level. We finally point out relevant research issues and analyze research trends.
Major central nervous system complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A large retrospective study on 888 consecutive adult patients
Authors: Mannina Daniele , Berneking Laura , Both Anna , Timm Wiebke , Urbanowicz Tatiana , Wolschke Christine , Ayuketang Ayuk Francis , Fischer Nicole , Fiehler Jens , Grzyska Ulrich , Rösner Sabine , Choe Chi‐Un , Kröger Nicolaus , Christopeit Maximilian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesMajor complications affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a challenge after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT).MethodsIncidence, risk factors, and outcome were retrospectively analyzed in 888 patients in a monocentric study.ResultsCumulative incidence (CI) of major CNS complications at 1 year was 14.8% (95%CI 12.3%‐17.2%). Median follow‐up is 11 months. CNS complications were documented in 132 patients: in 36 cases, classified metabolic; 26, drug‐related neurotoxicity (14 attributed to cyclosporine A, 4 to antilymphocyte globulin); 11, cerebrovascular (ischemic n = 8, bleeding n = 3); 9, infections; 9, psychiatric; and 9, malignant. The cause of CNS symptoms remained unclear for 37 patients (28%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated an association of CNS complication with patient age (P < .001). The estimated OS of patients with any CNS complication was significantly lower than in patients without neurological complications (P < .001), and the CI of non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was higher for patients with CNS complication (P < .001). A significant negative impact on survival can only be demonstrated for metabolic CNS complications and CNS infections (NRM, P < .0001 and P = .0003, respectively), and relapse (P < .0001).ConclusionCNS complications after allo‐SCT are frequent events with a major contribution to morbidity and mortality. In particular, the situations of unclear neurological complications need to be clarified by intensive research.
The relative importance of plasticity versus genetic differentiation in explaining between population differences; a meta‐analysis
Authors: Stamp Megan A. , Hadfield Jarrod D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBoth plasticity and genetic differentiation can contribute to phenotypic differences between populations. Using data on non‐fitness traits from reciprocal transplant studies, we show that approximately 60% of traits exhibit co‐gradient variation whereby genetic differences and plasticity‐induced differences between populations are the same sign. In these cases, plasticity is about twice as important as genetic differentiation in explaining phenotypic divergence. In contrast to fitness traits, the amount of genotype by environment interaction is small. Of the 40% of traits that exhibit counter‐gradient variation the majority seem to be hyperplastic whereby non‐native individuals express phenotypes that exceed those of native individuals. In about 20% of cases plasticity causes non‐native phenotypes to diverge from the native phenotype to a greater extent than if plasticity was absent, consistent with maladaptive plasticity. The degree to which genetic differentiation versus plasticity can explain phenotypic divergence varies a lot between species, but our proxies for motility and migration explain little of this variation.
Spatial resolution and location impact group structure in a marine food web
Authors: Ohlsson Mikael , Eklöf Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEcological processes in food webs depend on species interactions. By identifying broad‐scaled interaction patterns, important information on species' ecological roles may be revealed. Here, we use the group model to examine how spatial resolution and proximity influence group structure. We examine a data set from the Barents Sea, with food webs described for both the whole region and 25 subregions. We test how the group structure in the networks differ comparing (1) the regional metaweb to subregions and (2) subregion to subregion. We find that more than half the species in the metaweb change groups when compared to subregions. Between subregions, networks with similar group structure are spatially related. Interestingly, although species overlap is important for similarity in group structure, there are notable exceptions. Our results highlight that species ecological roles vary depending on fine‐scaled differences in the patterns of interactions, and that local network characteristics are important to consider.
In vivo characterization of minipig skin as a model for dermatological research using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Alex Aneesh , Chaney Eric J. , Žurauskas Mantas , Criley Jennifer M. , Spillman Darold R. , Hutchison Phaedra B. , Li Joanne , Marjanovic Marina , Frey Steve , Arp Zane , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMinipig skin is one of the most widely used non‐rodent animal skin models for dermatological research. A thorough characterization of minipig skin is essential for gaining deeper understanding of its structural and functional similarities with human skin. In this study, three‐dimensional (3‐D) in vivo images of minipig skin was obtained non‐invasively using a multimodal optical imaging system capable of acquiring two‐photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) images simultaneously. The images of the structural features of different layers of the minipig skin were qualitatively and quantitatively compared with those of human skin. Label‐free imaging of skin was possible due to the endogenous fluorescence and optical properties of various components in the skin such as keratin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H), melanin, elastin and collagen. This study demonstrates the capability of optical biopsy techniques, such as TPEF and FLIM, for in vivo non‐invasive characterization of cellular and functional features of minipig skin, and the optical image‐based similarities of this commonly utilized model of human skin. These optical imaging techniques have the potential to become promising tools in dermatological research for developing a better understanding of animal skin models, and for aiding in translational pre‐clinical to clinical studies.
Further insight into the neurobehavioral pattern of children carrying the 2p16.3 heterozygous deletion involving NRXN1: Report of five new cases
Authors: Alfieri Paolo , Scibelli Francesco , Sinibaldi Lorenzo , Valeri Giovanni , Caciolo Cristina , Novello Roberta Lucia , Novelli Antonio , Digilio Maria Cristina , Tartaglia Marco , Vicari Stefano 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing evidence links heterozygosity for NRXN1 gene deletions to a clinically wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. However, to date, the neurocognitive and social communication features of children carrying this genomic rearrangement have not been assessed in detail. The cognitive and behavioral profiles of five children carrying a heterozygous NRXN1 deletion were investigated through systematic assessment of the cognitive and developmental levels, adaptive profile and presence of behavioral symptoms and autistic features. Furthermore, four transmitting parents were assessed by means of cognitive, psychopathological and parental stress tests. A below‐average cognitive level was documented in all children, and defective adaptive levels were observed in four of them. Three of the five children were diagnosed as having autism spectrum disorder in comorbidity with intellectual disability/global developmental delay, with a major impairment in social communication skills. The remaining two children presented with isolated intellectual disability and an unclassifiable neurodevelopmental disorder, respectively. This study provide data contributing to a more accurate characterization of the neurobehavioral phenotype of individuals carrying heterozygous NRXN1 deletions. This analysis indicates that these structural rearrangements are associated with a variable expression of neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cast some doubts about the incomplete penetrance of the disorder.
What drives the labor share of income in South Korea? A regional analysis
Authors: Kim David , Kim Woo‐Yung 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study takes a regional approach to analyzing what drives labor's share of income for South Korea over 2000–2014. First, we document empirically that changes in the labor share within a region are the dominant component of the change in the aggregate labor share of national income. To study the dynamic determinants of the labor share of income at the regional level, a panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model is estimated to examine how the regional labor share responds to innovations in an array of variables suggested by theoretical models. Consistent with theory, we confirm that technology, capital intensity and market concentration are the key variables explaining the labor share dynamics. Furthermore, we analyze the effects of trade openness and R&D expenditures on the regional labor share. Interestingly, we find that the labor share shows a different pattern of responses to the identified shocks depending upon the type of regions, that is, whether it is in the metropolitan or provincial areas. We also discuss the implications of our results for both theory and policy.
TAXATION IN MATCHING MARKETS
Authors: Dupuy Arnaud , Galichon Alfred , Jaffe Sonia , Kominers Scott Duke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe analyze the effects of taxation in two‐sided matching markets where agents have heterogeneous preferences over potential partners. Our model provides a continuous link between models of matching with and without transfers. Taxes generate inefficiency on the allocative margin, by changing who matches with whom. This allocative inefficiency can be nonmonotonic, but is weakly increasing in the tax rate under linear taxation if each worker has negative nonpecuniary utility of working. We adapt existing econometric methods for markets without taxes to our setting, and estimate preferences in the college‐coach football market. We show through simulations that standard methods inaccurately measure deadweight loss.
Determining the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in Slovenia
Authors: Grilc Eva , Prosenc Trilar Katarina , Lajovic Jaro , Sočan Maja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn Slovenia, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surveillance is based on national laboratory data. The weeks with more than 10% of samples tested positive compose RSV epidemic season. The use of real‐time multiplex PCR, which identifies other respiratory pathogens in parallel with RSV, caused more testing but the percentage of RSV positives lowered. The 10% threshold was reached with delay, which raised concern about its suitability for defining RSV seasonality.MethodsTo describe the seasonality of RSV, the onset, offset and duration of the RSV epidemic season across 10 years (from week 40, 2008/2009 to week 39, 2017/2018), four calculative methods were deployed including moving epidemic method, MEM, and epidemiological parameters were compared.ResultsIn 10 years, 10 969 (12%) out of 90 264 samples tested positive for RSV. The number of tested samples increased remarkably from the first to last season with a drop in the percentage of positive samples from 23% to 10%. The onset of RSV epidemic varied considerably regardless of the calculative method used (from 10 to 13 weeks). The unevenness in the RSV epidemic season end was also observed. The average duration of RSV epidemic season was the shortest when moving epidemic method has been used (15.7 weeks) and longest with ≥3% method (22.9 weeks).ConclusionThe ≥3% calculative method could be used as an early warning of the RSV season. However, ≥7% calculative method was found to be reliable enough to define the epidemiological parameters of an ongoing season and to support public health response. The potential of the moving epidemic method should be further explored.
Rationale for participation in venous leg ulcer clinical research: Patient interview study
Authors: Weller Carolina D. , Richards Catelyn , Turnour Louise , Team Victoria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecruitment to wound care clinical trials is challenging and a better understanding of patient decisions to participate has the potential to influence recruitment success. We conducted 31 semi‐structured telephone interviews of patients who participated in the Aspirin in Venous Leg Ulcer (ASPiVLU) randomised controlled trail (RCT) or ASPiVLU cohort study. Data were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. We identified four key themes: (a) “I participated to help others”; (b) “I participated in research to thank those who cared for me”; (c) “I participated to receive better care”; and (d) “I participated to have a say on what works.” These themes became basic elements for the Rationale for Research Participation Framework that we have developed to improve the participant recruitment process for clinical trials in wound care.
Determining the liquidus viscosity of glass‐forming liquids through differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Zheng Qiuju , Zheng Jinfeng , Solvang Mette , Yue Yuanzheng , Mauro John C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractViscosity at the liquidus temperature (TL), ηL, is a critical parameter for the design of new glasses, particularly for industrial glass production where crystallization must be suppressed. However, a direct viscometric determination of ηL for a glass‐forming system is difficult due to crystallization. Here we propose an alternative approach for determining ηL through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Specifically, DSC is used to measure both the viscosity curve and liquidus temperature of a glass‐forming system and then derive its ηL value. The ηL values determined using DSC are found to be in excellent agreement with those measured through viscometry. The DSC approach is applicable to various glass‐forming systems covering a wide range of fragilities and ηL values spanning over five orders of magnitude. Other advantages of this approach are its accuracy and small sample requirements.
Avian developmental rates are constrained by latitude and migratoriness – A global analysis
Authors: Minias Piotr , Włodarczyk Radosław 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimIt has long been recognized that tropical bird species demonstrate a wide range of traits characteristic for slow life histories, as indicated by lower investment in reproduction, slower senescence or slower physiological pace of life. Nevertheless, evidence for latitudinal variation in avian developmental rates has, so far, been inconclusive and based on limited geographic or phylogenetic sampling. The aim of this study was to test for global associations of avian developmental rates with latitude and migratoriness.LocationGlobal.TaxonBirds.MethodsWe compiled data on developmental (incubation and fledging) periods of 3,500 passerine and non‐passerine bird species distributed worldwide, which represented nearly all extant avian orders and families. Associations of developmental periods with latitude and migratoriness were analysed with phylogenetically informed comparative models that controlled for major sources of variation in developmental rates (body mass, clutch size, and developmental mode across altricial‐precocial spectrum).ResultsOur analyses provided support for a negative latitudinal gradient in the duration of fledging, but not incubation period. After controlling for latitude, we also found that migratory birds showed faster developmental rates than resident species. Finally, we found that developmental rates were nonlinearly associated with clutch size (fastest developmental rates at intermediate clutch size) and that duration of fledging period had higher evolutionary lability than incubation period.Main conclusionsOur global comparative analysis provided convincing and phylogenetically robust evidence for a long‐held hypothesis on latitudinal variation in avian developmental rates, although the pattern was apparent only at the post‐embryonic stage of development (fledging period). This challenges a common belief on longer incubation periods in tropics and indicates that incubation and fledging periods may differently respond to external environmental factors, which can possibly be driven by their different evolutionary lability. The results may contribute to our understanding of biogeographic variation in species diversity.
PREDICTING SYSTEMATIC RISK WITH MACROECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL VARIABLES
Authors: Cenesizoglu Tolga , Ibrushi Denada 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe analyze the predictive power of several macroeconomic and financial indicators in forecasting quarterly realized betas of 30 industry and 25 size and book‐to‐market portfolios. We model realized betas as autoregressive processes of order 1 and include lagged values of macroeconomic and financial indicators as exogenous predictor variables. In out‐of‐sample forecasting exercises, forecasts using bond market variables as exogenous predictors statistically outperform forecasts from a benchmark model without any exogenous predictors. These forecasts based on bond market variables also economically outperform benchmark forecasts by providing better performance in hedging the market risk of portfolios.
JUMPS, NEWS, AND SUBSEQUENT RETURN DYNAMICS: AN INTRADAY STUDY
Authors: Xiao Yuewen , Yin Xiangkang , Zhao Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe detect jumps in a high‐frequency price series of exchange‐traded funds (ETFs) that track the broad indexes of U.S. equity markets. Although many jumps (43%) are related to macroeconomic news, more jumps (57%) are not. No‐news jumps are followed by significant return reversals for at least 60 minutes. The return dynamics after news‐related jumps vary with the news characteristics. Scheduled‐news jumps are followed by reversals, whereas unscheduled‐news jumps are followed by momentum. Whether related to news or not, negative jumps are followed by stronger return reversals than are positive jumps.
Cohort study of Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of incident osteoporosis in women
Authors: Kim Tae Jun , Lee Hyuk , Min Yang Won , Min Byung‐Hoon , Lee Jun Haeng , Rhee Poong‐Lyul , Kim Jae J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimPrevious studies suggested an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and osteoporosis; however, large‐scale longitudinal studies are lacking to elucidate this association.MethodsA cohort study of 10 482 women without osteoporosis at baseline who participated in a repeated health‐screening examination including an H. pylori‐specific immunoglobulin G antibody test was conducted to evaluate the association between H. pylori and osteoporosis development. Osteoporosis was diagnosed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry.ResultsDuring the 77 515.3 person‐years of follow‐up, women with H. pylori infection had a higher rate of incident osteoporosis than those who were uninfected. In a multivariable model adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, smoking status, regular exercise, comorbidities (including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, stroke, or ischemic heart disease), and concomitant medications, the hazard ratio (HR) for incident osteoporosis in women with H. pylori infection compared with that in women without infection was 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.45). The association between H. pylori and osteopenia development was also evident. In the multivariable analysis, menopause (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.31–2.16) and increasing age (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06–1.08) were identified as significant risk factors for osteoporosis, whereas higher BMI (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.81–0.87) was a protective factor for the risk of osteoporosis.ConclusionsIn this cohort study, H. pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, independent of risk factors and confounding factors.