bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postinfarction intramyocardial dissection, an interesting case report and systematic review
Authors: Hajsadeghi Shokoufeh , Amirfarhangi Abdollah , Pakbaz Marziyeh , Pazoki Mahboubeh , Tanha Kiarash 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntramyocardial dissection (IMD) with ventricular septal rupture (VSR) following myocardial infarction (MI) is a rare subacute form of cardiac rupture. The evidence available in this regard is scarce. We aimed to share our experience and conduct a systematic review of previous cases. We searched the literature and performed a systematic review of previous cases. A total of 37 cases of IMD with VSR were included (1 our original and 36 literature cases). Mean age was 68 ± 8 years and 20 (54.1%) patients were male. Anterior and inferior MI were observed in 14 (37.8%) and 23 (62.2%) cases, respectively. The dissected area was the septum, RV, both septum and RV, or LV apex in 21 (56.8%), 9 (24.3%), 5 (13.5%), and 2 (5.4%), respectively. Apicoseptal and inferoseptal VSR were observed in 15 (40.5%) and 22 (59.5%) cases, respectively. At least one occluded artery was observed in 29 (90.6%) of cases. Reperfusion therapy was done for 15 (40.5%) cases before the VSR occurred. Surgery, percutaneous, and medical therapy were done for 26 (70.3%), 3 (8.1%), and 7 (18.9%) cases, respectively. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the medical versus surgical‐treated group (85.7% versus 42.3%, P = .027). There was a trend to higher mortality in the group with dissection of both septum and RV (P = .15). We concluded that echocardiography has a critical role in diagnosing this complication. Surgery is mandatory in IMD with VSR.
Restructuring Interreligious Dialogue from the Bottom Up through the Lenses of Deep Solidarity and the Multitude
Authors: Rieger Joerg 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSocial movements and liberation theologies have addressed various forms of oppression and exploitation along the lines of gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, class, and other factors, not without tensions. What might bring them closer together without erasing differences? Addressing this question has important implications for fresh approaches to interreligious dialogue. In this contribution, notions of deep solidarity and of the multitude point the way toward restructured interreligious engagements.
Race, Power, and Privilege
Authors: Colwell Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article identifies some of the developing context of interfaith relations within the ecumenical movement in the United Kingdom, where there has been a seismic shift in the national political debate that is now dominated by the decision, following a referendum, to leave the European Union. It argues that interfaith relations has lost much of its radical focus upon justice and become focused upon initiatives of social cohesion, mutual understanding, and celebration of difference, rather than addressing some of the deeper issues of justice and racism and the consequences of Britain’s colonial history, much of which has re‐emerged as a result of Brexit. This is of critical importance given the rise in hate crime, particularly anti‐Semitism and Islamophobia.
Religion, Statelessness, and Belonging
Authors: Weissman Debbie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBefore 1948, and stretching back more than 1800 years, the Jewish people suffered all the problems of statelessness. The Zionist movement, 1897–1948, strove to end the condition of Jewish exile and statelessness. The great historical irony and tragedy is that the establishment of the State of Israel brought about the Nakba, the catastrophe, of the Palestinian people. Both the Israelis and the Palestinians see themselves as the victims of the conflict. They seem to be competitors in what I call a “suffering sweepstakes.” One of the problems with victimhood is that it prevents victims from assuming responsibility for their actions, including the victimization of others. In the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, both sides are victims and both sides are victimizers. The least helpful thing people can do – and regrettably many well‐meaning people do this – is to portray the situation in terms of a zero‐sum game, in which, if you’re pro‐Palestinian, you must be anti‐Israeli, and vice versa. We must be both pro‐Palestinian and pro‐Israeli, because we are pro‐people and, therefore, pro‐peace. The achievement of peace necessitates a two‐state solution based on some recognition of the two narratives. The best fulfilment of Zionism will come when there is a Palestinian state alongside the State of Israel.
Revisiting the Antecedents of Interreligious Dialogue
Authors: Swamy Muthuraj 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article looks critically at the trend to connect contemporary interreligious dialogue with certain events and developments that took place in Europe and India during the 19th and early 20th centuries: (i) the comparative study of religion, (ii) the 1893 World Parliament of Religions in Chicago, (iii) three World Missionary Conferences in the first half of the 20th century, (iv) renascent Hinduism in India, and (v) Indian Christian efforts for inculturation. These events/developments are often perceived as the formative factors of dialogue. But this essay argues that they had their own complexities, agendas, and targets and rarely had interreligious dialogue as their objective or focus. Uncritical reading of the history of interreligious dialogue ignores how colonialism and imperialism have shaped these “antecedents.”
A Plea for Internormative Ethics
Authors: Robra Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPlurality of life forms and value systems is a given (almost) everywhere on earth. Imposing on them a value system or individual values and virtues from an exterior position is rather counterproductive. Value systems are normative for individual communities but not the same. They are to relate to each other and to interact, negotiating with each other common goals and the validity and limits of values involved in their relationships and shared action. Anything else leads to tensions and violence. Internormative ethics reflect on such interaction of value systems.
Shifting Boundaries of Membership: The politicisation of free movement as a challenge for EU citizenship
Authors: Seubert Sandra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article discusses freedom of movement under the lens of shifting boundaries of membership and traces the tension between the political and the economic rationale of European integration. It first reflects on the normativity of free movement and links it to the foundations of modern democratic citizenship. Subsequently, it discusses the role of free movement in the construction of EU citizenship and argues that the genesis in market integration casts a long shadow which hinders EU citizenship's potential to fully display the logic of political and social equality. Under current conditions of huge wealth discrepancies between member states, the prevailing form of horizontal integration necessarily brings about a tension between mobility and solidarity, which in turn creates a barrier for further developing EU citizenship. It is concluded that strengthening an intra‐European dimension of solidarity is needed in order to substantiate the right to move as an equal European citizenship right.
The biotic interactions hypothesis partially explains bird species turnover along a lowland Neotropical precipitation gradient
Authors: Gomez Juan Pablo , Ponciano José Miguel , Londoño Gustavo A. , Robinson Scott K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimWe evaluated the influence of climate on the structure of bird communities along precipitation gradients. We hypothesize that mechanisms responsible for community turnover along precipitation gradients are similar to mechanisms operating along temperature and latitudinal gradients. We tested the hypothesis that environmental conditions affect community composition in dry forests, whereas biotic interactions affect community composition in wet forests.LocationLow‐elevation forests along a precipitation gradient in Colombia where precipitation ranges from 700–4,000 mm annually but elevation and temperature remain constant.Time periodPresent day.Major taxa studiedNeotropical forest birds.MethodsWe sampled at 291 points in nine study areas (localities) across the c. 3,000‐mm precipitation range. In each locality, we obtained climatic characteristics and phylogenetic, morphological and physiological proxy data to test predictions about the evolutionary relationships and distribution of traits.ResultsBird communities changed abruptly along the precipitation gradient and differed between dry and wet forests. Analyses of phylogenetic relationships, trait space, and observations at nests suggested that environmental filtering is more important in dry than in wet forests, especially for breeding. In contrast, we found little evidence that competition was more important in wet than in dry forests. Nest predation or competition for nest space, however, may be more critical in wetter forests.ConclusionsThe two distinct bird communities we documented suggest that lowland precipitation gradients, across which temperature is constant, can be as important as temperature gradients in generating high beta diversity. We conclude that breeding in bird communities might be crucial for determining community assembly along environmental gradients. Given that recent population declines in tropical birds have been attributed to changes in precipitation, by understanding the mechanisms underlying community assembly along precipitation gradients our study may improve our ability to understand those declines and predict the effects of climate change on Neotropical avifauna.
Lentiform fork sign: Uremia alone or multifactorial causation?
Authors: Jaryal Ajay , Thakur Suresh , Pathania Joginder Singh , Vikrant Sanjay , Kumar Dinesh , Verma Lokesh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNeurological complications are common in patients with acute or chronic renal failure, especially when there is marked reduction in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). One such clinical syndrome, uremic encephalopathy (UE), occurs due to widespread dysfunction of central nervous system (CNS). It manifests with myriad clinical features and usually is suggested by bedside elicitation of asterixis (flapping tremor). Symptomatic involvement of the basal ganglia manifesting as choreoathetosis and clinical and radiological resolution with hemodialysis has been reported in the medical literature, but only rarely. The present report details such a case.
Increased proportion of functional subpopulations in circulating regulatory T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Liu Chen , Xu Lijuan , Xia Changsheng , Long Yan , Liu Caoyi , Lu Songsong , Song Ying 
Published: December 2019

AimThis study was designed to investigate the levels of circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs), and their functional subpopulations and related cytokines in chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB) and inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers.MethodsThe peripheral blood of 24 hepatitis B virus inactive carriers, 26 CHB patients, and 34 healthy controls was collected and analyzed by flow cytometry for Tregs and CD4+CXCR5+FoxP3+ follicular regulatory T cells. Interleukin (IL)‐10, transforming growth factor‐β, and IL‐21 levels in plasma were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Proportions of functional Treg subpopulations were analyzed by staining of Helios, CD45RA and FoxP3, TIGIT, and CD226, and the correlations between Treg subsets and clinical indicators were explored.ResultsCD4+FoxP3+ levels in the peripheral blood of CHB patients were significantly increased, and the inhibitory ability of Tregs in CHB patients for cytokine secretion was stronger, and CD4+CXCR5+FoxP3+ follicular Tregs were also significantly higher than inactive carriers and healthy controls. Transforming growth factor‐β and IL‐10 in the plasma of CHB patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, with IL‐21 levels not significantly changed. Circulating CD4+CXCR5‐FoxP3+ Treg cells in CHB patients were positively correlated with hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, and hepatitis B virus DNA. The proportions of Helios+FoxP3+, CD45RA–FoxP3hi, and CD226–TIGIT+ functional subpopulations in CD4+CXCR5–FoxP3+ Tregs in CHB patients were significantly increased, and they were significantly correlated with clinical indicators.ConclusionsCirculating Tregs in CHB patients not only have elevated levels, but their follicular Treg subpopulations are also increased, and Tregs tend to have stronger immunosuppressive functions.
PD‐L1 expression and infiltration by CD4+ and FoxP3+ T cells are increased in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma and indicate poor prognosis
Authors: Lee Hyun J , Shin Dong H , Lee Yeon J , Lee So J , Hwang Chung S , Kim Ahrong , Park Won Y , Lee Jung H , Choi Kyung U , Kim Jee Y , Lee Chang H , Sol Mee Y , Park Sung W 
Published: December 2019

AimsInteraction between programmed death‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD‐1) on T cells inactivates antitumour immune responses. PD‐L1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and predicts adverse outcome. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of PD‐L1 expression and the immune microenvironment on the clinical outcome in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) and, therefore, their potential relevance as prognostic biomarkers.Methods and resultsThe present retrospective analysis investigated expression of PD‐L1 and immune cells CD8, CD4, CD3, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and PD‐1 in TRCC compared to other types of RCC. FFPE specimens were collected between 2011 and 2017 from 311 patients who underwent nephrectomy at our institution for RCC. Specimens were immunostained for PD‐L1, CD8, CD4, CD3, FoxP3 and PD‐1, and an outcome analysis was conducted. PD‐L1 expression rate was highest in TRCC (68%, 16 of 25), followed by mucinous tubular and spindle cell RCC and collecting duct carcinoma (33%, one of three), papillary RCC (27%, seven of 26), clear cell RCC (16%, 29 of 233), chromophobe RCC (11%, two of 18) and multilocular cystic RCC (0%, none of three). In TRCC, PD‐L1 expression was associated with poor recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.041). The CD4high and FoxP3high groups showed a significantly shorter RFS (P = 0.05 and P = 0.031, respectively) compared to CD4low and FOXPlow groups.ConclusionPD‐L1 expression was higher in TRCC than in other types of RCC. High PD‐L1 tumour cell expression and tumour infiltration by CD4+ and FoxP3+ immune cells were associated with poor RFS in TRCC.
Statin‐induced dermatomyositis for the practicing dermatologist: a review of the literature
Authors: Visconti Michael J. , Bashyam Arjun M. , Jorizzo Joseph L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStatins cause a spectrum of muscle‐related adverse events, including autoimmune myopathies such as dermatomyositis (DM). This review aims to describe the events of statin‐induced DM and amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) to increase awareness for practicing dermatologists about harmful interactions with the most commonly prescribed lipid‐lowering medication. PubMed was searched for relevant literature related to statin‐induced DM and ADM. Numerous cases of statin‐induced DM have been reported in individuals with no history of DM or other autoimmune conditions. Statins also cause ADM, although this is a rare association. Because of the widespread use of statins worldwide for atherosclerotic disease prevention, it may be of benefit to practicing dermatologists and all clinicians to assess for a history of DM when prescribing statins and inquire if patients with a DM‐like presentation are taking or have taken a statin medication.
The Leeds hand transplant programme: Review of the laboratory management of the first six cases
Authors: Clark Brendan , Carter Clive , Wilks Daniel J. , Lobb Mark , Hughes Pamela , Baker Richard , Kay Simon P. J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe UK hand transplantation programme is hosted by the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Leeds Teaching Hospitals under the leadership of Professor Simon Kay. Since programme launch in 2013, ten procedures in six individuals have been performed involving unilateral or bilateral transplants. The multi‐disciplinary team that delivers the programme includes the transplant immunology service. The laboratory experience in programme support is reported here.
Innate immunity to malaria—The role of monocytes
Authors: Dobbs Katherine R. , Crabtree Juliet N. , Dent Arlene E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMonocytes are innate immune cells essential for host protection against malaria. Upon activation, monocytes function to help reduce parasite burden through phagocytosis, cytokine production, and antigen presentation. However, monocytes have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe disease through production of damaging inflammatory cytokines, resulting in systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Understanding the molecular pathways influencing the balance between protection and pathology is critical. In this review, we discuss recent data regarding the role of monocytes in human malaria, including studies of innate sensing of the parasite, immunometabolism, and innate immune training. Knowledge gained from these studies may guide rational development of novel antimalarial therapies and inform vaccine development.
Developing a strategic model of participation in policy development for nurses
Authors: Wichaikhum O. , Abhicharttibutra K. , Nantsupawat A. , Kowitlawakul Y. , Kunaviktikul W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimTo develop a strategic model of participation in policy development for nurses in Thailand.BackgroundPublic health policies inevitably affect nursing practice, service delivery and the nursing workforce. Available evidence indicates that nurses have minimal participation in policy development.IntroductionNurses’ participation in public health policy development is essential to developing and maintaining an efficient, high‐quality healthcare system.MethodsThe Delphi method was used to develop the strategic model based on the input of fifteen nurse experts who were interviewed over three Delphi rounds. Data were analysed descriptively to identify items to be retained or dropped, and the final list of statements was verified by all participants to establish the strategic model of participation.FindingsThe strategic model contains twenty‐five participation strategies for nurses wishing to engage with public health policy development. Within the model, the priorities as identified by clinical nurses, nurse leaders, nurse researchers and scholars, nursing educational institutions and nursing professional organizations are acknowledged.ConclusionThe model represents a consensus of values related to policy participation by nurses and the results align with similar studies. The inclusion of different nursing groups in promoting and developing strategies to participate in policy development ensures that all nurses have a role to play in developing nursing capacity for effective health policy engagement.Implication for nursing policyNursing involvement in policies that affect them and their practice is fundamental to establishing good public policy. This research provides a clear mechanism for the development of nurses’ awareness and abilities to become involved in policy development and review processes.
The Fair Work Wales report: a manifesto for all of us
Authors: Sisson Keith 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTFair Work Wales, the report of the Wales Fair Work Commission, details the characteristics of fair work and recommends how to promote them. Its wider significance is that it offers a blueprint for what the UK should be doing—a challenge that could hardly be more fundamental. It is a timely reminder for employment relations teachers and researchers that the world of work may be changing but what they do and how they go about it really do matter.
Extending access to contributory pensions: The case of Uruguay
Authors: Rossi Ianina , Tenenbaum Victoria , Lavalleja Martín 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSince the 1980s, many Latin American countries have tightened access to contributory pensions, with financial sustainability being a main concern. Studies suggest that a sizable share of contributors would not be able to comply with stricter access conditions, since observed contribution densities were low. While most Latin American countries lack complete work history records, the observed density of contributions offered strong evidence of short contribution histories, in particular for low‐income workers and women. In the last decade these facts drove a new wave of reforms, in the form of less demanding eligibility requirements to access pensions and the need for a gender perspective. Uruguay took part in both processes, increasing vesting period conditions in 1996, then lowering them and granting childcare credits in 2008. In this article, we analyse the effects that less strict eligibility requirements would have on pension entitlements in Uruguay, estimating complete contribution histories using administrative records. Work history records have been kept since April 1996 only, meaning there are still no complete work histories. The study finds that pension rights would increase, in particular for women. The main effect would be driven by the lower contribution requirement. In addition, childcare credits would further reduce the gender gap in terms of access to benefits. The case of Uruguay is relevant in the regional context, as most Latin American countries are ageing rapidly and can learn from the Uruguayan experience, a country with vital statistics closer to those of developed countries. Also, recent reforms in the region show shared concerns on pension rights and the gender gap.
Solute distributions in tantalum‐containing zirconium diboride ceramics
Authors: Dorner Anna N. , Barton Dallin J. , Zhou Yue , Thompson Gregory B. , Hilmas Gregory E. , Fahrenholtz William G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSolute segregation was examined in zirconium diboride and zirconium‐tantalum diboride solid solution ceramics that were produced by reactive hot pressing. Microstructural analysis demonstrated that the ZrB2 and (Zr,Ta)B2 ceramics reached nearly full relative density and were nominally phase‐pure. X‐ray diffraction was consistent with full incorporation of Ta into solid solution within the ZrB2 structure, and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy demonstrated that tantalum was well distributed throughout the bulk of the Ta‐doped specimens. The weak characteristic X‐rays for B led to inaccurate results for total atom concentrations in boride ceramics by energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. Atom probe tomography was used to analyze the amount and spatial distribution of Ta species. No obvious Ta segregation was observed in grains or grain boundaries. However, nitrogen strongly segregated to a grain boundary. This study demonstrated that atom probe tomography is an accurate method for characterizing the amount and spatial distribution of metallic and nonmetallic species in ZrB2 ceramics.