bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Firm location and systematic risk: the real estate channel
Authors: Gao Xiang , Topuz John 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate whether the cyclicality of local real estate prices affects the systematic risk of local firms using a geography-based measure of land availability as a quasi-exogenous proxy for real estate price cyclicality.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses the geography-based land availability measure as a proxy for the procyclicality of real estate prices and the location of a firm’s headquarters as a proxy for the location of its real estate assets. Four-factor asset pricing model (market, size, value and momentum factors) is used to examine whether firms headquartered in more land-constrained metropolitan statistical areas have higher systematic risks.

Findings
The results show that real estate prices are more procyclical in areas with lower land availability and firms headquartered in these areas have higher systematic risk. This effect is more pronounced for firms with higher real estate holdings as a ratio of their tangible assets. Moreover, there are no abnormal returns to trading strategies based on land availability, consistent with stock market betas reflecting this local real estate factor.

Research limitations/implications
This paper contributes to the literature on local asset pricing factors, the collateral role of firms’ real estate holdings and the co-movement of security prices of geographically close firms.

Practical implications
This paper has important managerial implications by showing that, when firms decide on the location of their buildings (e.g. headquarters building, manufacturing plant and retail outlet), the location’s influence on systematic risk should be part of the decision-making process.

Originality/value
This paper is among the first to use a geography-based measure of land availability to study whether the procyclicality of local real estate prices influences firm risk independent of the procyclicality of the local economy. Thus, both the portfolio formed and firm-level analyses provide a more direct evidence of the positive relation between the procyclicality of local real estate prices and firm risk.
Sperm morphology: What implications on the assisted reproductive outcomes?
Authors: Cito Gianmartin , Picone Rita , Fucci Rossella , Giachini Claudia , Micelli Elisabetta , Cocci Andrea , Falcone Patrizia , Minervini Andrea , Carini Marco , Natali Alessandro , Coccia Maria E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of sperm morphology (SM) on laboratory and pregnancy outcomes in conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (c‐ICSI) cycles, using the egg donation model to minimize female confounding variables.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively collected data of oocyte donation cycles from October 2016 to February 2020. Median seminal parameters, total (1‐2‐3PN) fertilization rate (FR), 2PN FR, cleavage rate (CR), implantation rate (IR), pregnancy rate (PR), miscarriage rate (MR), and live birth rate (LBR) were collected. The study population was divided into three groups: Group 1 with SM < 4%, Group 2 with SM between 4% and 6%, and Group 3 with SM > 6%.ResultsOf 741 fresh ICSI cycles and 4507 warmed oocytes were included. Male age was 46.0 (31.0‐72.0) years, and recipients’ age was 44.0 (29.0‐54.0) years. Normal SM was 5.0% (1.0%‐15.0%). Male age was negatively correlated with normal SM (P = .002; Rho −0.113). Oocyte survival rate was 83.3% (16.7%‐100.0%). Total FR was 75.0% (11.1%‐100.0%), 2PN FR was 66.7% (11.1%‐100.0%) %, and CR was 100% (0.0%‐100%). Comparing samples with SM > 6% and those with SM < 4%, 2PN FR was significantly higher in the first group (P = .04). No significant associations were found among groups in terms of CR. IR was 27.7%, resulting significantly higher when normal SM was > 6% (P < .01). Clinical PR was 36.0%, MR was 23.9%, and LBR was 25.9%. PR and LBR were significantly higher in samples with normal SM > 6%, compared to other groups (P = .02 and P < .01, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough c‐ICSI technique allows the embryologist to select the best quality spermatozoa, male factor plays a key role in achieving successful assisted reproductive outcomes. Normal SM has been shown to have implications not only for laboratory outcomes, in terms of fertilization, but also for clinical findings, as regards implantation, pregnancy, and live birth.
Influence of dietary crude protein content on fattening performance and nitrogen excretion of Holstein steers
Authors: Kamiya Mitsuru , Yamada Tomoya , Higuchi Mikito 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe objective was to investigate the influence of crude protein (CP) content in a fattening diet on feed intake, body weight gain, nitrogen excretion, and carcass traits in Holstein steers. Steers (initial body weight 241 ± 26 kg) consumed feed with the following CP content: (a) 17.7% during the early period (from 7 to 10 months of age) and 13.9% during the late period (from 11 to 18 months of age) (HIGH, n = 3), and (b) 16.2% during the early period and 12.2% during the late period (LOW, n = 4). The CP intake was lower in the LOW than the HIGH group. Urinary and total nitrogen excretion in the late period tended to be lower (p < .10) in the LOW than the HIGH group. However, growth performance and carcass traits were not affected by dietary CP content. Free histidine and total amino acid contents in the longissimus thoracis muscle tended to be higher (p < .10) in the HIGH than the LOW group, however, the CP contents were not affected by dietary CP content. The results of this experiment suggest that decreasing dietary CP to 16% (early period) or 12% (late period) of dry matter would reduce nitrogen excretion from Holstein fattening farms without affecting productivity.
Motivations for the use and consumption of wildlife products
Authors: Thomas‐Walters Laura , Hinsley Amy , Bergin Daniel , Burgess Gayle , Doughty Hunter , Eppel Sara , MacFarlane Douglas , Meijer Wander , Lee Tien Ming , Phelps Jacob , Smith Robert J. , Wan Anita K. Y. , Veríssimo Diogo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe dominant approach to combating the illegal wildlife trade has traditionally been to restrict the supply of wildlife products. Yet conservationists increasingly recognize the importance of implementing demand‐side interventions that target the end consumers in the trade chain. Their aim is to curb the consumption of wildlife or shift consumption to more sustainable alternatives. However, there are still considerable knowledge gaps in understanding of the diversity of consumer motivations in the context of illegal wildlife trade, which includes hundreds of thousands of species, different uses, and diverse contexts. Based on consultation with multiple experts from a diversity of backgrounds, nationalities, and focal taxa, we developed a typology of common motivations held by wildlife consumers that can be used to inform conservation interventions. We identified 5 main motivational categories for wildlife use: experiential, social, functional, financial, and spiritual, each containing subcategories. This framework is intended to facilitate the segmentation of consumers based on psychographics and allow the tailoring of interventions—whether behavior change campaigns, enforcement efforts, or incentive programs—to the specific context in which they will be used. Underlining the importance of consumer research and collaborating with local actors is an important step toward promoting a more systematic approach to the design of demand reduction interventions.
Evaluating surrogates of genetic diversity for conservation planning
Authors: Hanson Jeffrey O. , Veríssimo Ana , Velo‐Antón Guillermo , Marques Adam , Camacho‐Sanchez Miguel , Martínez‐Solano Íñigo , Gonçalves Helena , Sequeira Fernando , Possingham Hugh P. , Carvalho Silvia B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProtected‐area systems should conserve intraspecific genetic diversity. Because genetic data require resources to obtain, several approaches have been proposed for generating plans for protected‐area systems (prioritizations) when genetic data are not available. Yet such surrogate‐based approaches remain poorly tested. We evaluated the effectiveness of potential surrogate‐based approaches based on microsatellite genetic data collected across the Iberian Peninsula for 7 amphibian and 3 reptilian species. Long‐term environmental suitability did not effectively represent sites containing high genetic diversity (allelic richness). Prioritizations based on long‐term environmental suitability had similar performance to random prioritizations. Geographic distances and resistance distances based on contemporary environmental suitability were not always effective surrogates for identification of combinations of sites that contain individuals with different genetic compositions. Our results demonstrate that population genetic data based on commonly used neutral markers can inform prioritizations, and we could not find an adequate substitute. Conservation planners need to weigh the potential benefits of genetic data against their acquisition costs.
The effect of a low glycaemic index diet on reducing day‐long glycaemia in healthy young adults: A randomized crossover trial
Authors: Hon Hannah Wing Han , Wong Tommy Hon Ting , Tse Iris Mei Ying , Louie Jimmy Chun Yu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of a low glycaemic index (LGI) diet on reducing day‐long glycaemia with a macronutrient‐matched high glycaemic index (HGI) diet, using customized meal delivery to ensure compliance.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a single‐blinded, randomized crossover trial in 14 healthy adults (57% female) with a mean ± SD age of 21.6 ± 1.7 years. A flash glucose monitoring sensor was installed on the subjects on day 1 to capture the interstitial glucose level every 15 minutes for 14 days. Subjects were randomized to receive an LGI (dietary GI = 40) or HGI (dietary GI = 60) diet (three meals and two snacks) from day 2 for 5 consecutive days, followed by a 2‐day washout, then switched to the alternative diet for another 5 days. A paired t‐test was used to test the differences in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose, postprandial glucose (PPG) concentration and maximum postprandial glucose rise (MPGR) between the LGI and HGI periods.ResultsSubjects had lower iAUC for average day‐long glycaemia during the LGI intervention period compared with the HGI period (mean ± SD, 865 ± 297 vs. 1024 ± 267 mmol x min/L; P = .047). PPG for breakfast and snack 2, and MPGR for breakfast, snack 2 and dinner, were lower in the LGI period.ConclusionsIn young healthy adults, following an LGI diet resulted in lower average day‐long glycaemia compared with a macronutrient‐matched HGI diet. Our results support the use of LGI diets to reduce the risk of developing glucose intolerance.
Reversal of economic fortunes: Institutions and the changing ascendancy of Barcelona and Madrid as economic hubs
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pose Andrés , Hardy Daniel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper looks at the divergent economic trajectories of Barcelona and Madrid since Spain's transition to democracy. It highlights how Barcelona, the city that was better positioned four decades ago to emerge as the main Spanish economic hub, has lost out to Madrid. We argue that the contrasting trajectories of the two cities have less to do with the pull of Madrid as the capital of Spain, with the development of new infrastructure in the country, or with agglomeration economies, and more with institutional factors. A growing societal divide in Barcelona along economic, social, and identity lines has led to a greater breakdown of trust and to the development of strong groups with limited capacity to bridge with one another than in Madrid. This has entailed the emergence of negative externalities that have limited the economic potential for growth in Barcelona and facilitated the rise of Madrid as the main economic hub within Spain.
Glyburide Use in Older Adults: Pharmacy Claims Data Analysis of a Regional Healthcare Organization
Authors: Herzik Kristen A. , Barnett Mitchell J. , Thanh Danielle M. , Doroudgar Shadi , Ip Eric J. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESGlyburide was added to the 2012 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria® due to the risk of hypoglycemic events in older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of glyburide use in persons aged 65 and older with diabetes mellitus, type II, before, during, and after the 2012 AGS Beers Criteria® Update.DESIGNMulticenter retrospective cohort study comparing pharmacy claims data from four Sharp Rees‐Stealy clinic regions over 5 years (2010–2015).SETTINGPharmacy claims database.PARTICIPANTSA total of 3,005 patients with diabetes mellitus, type II, aged 65 and older.MEASUREMENTSPrescription fill history of the sulfonylureas glyburide, glipizide, and glimepiride were collected along with comorbidity (Elixhauser) and demographic information. Odds of glyburide prescribing were stratified by year, clinic region, and by prescriber type.RESULTSGlyburide use decreased across each study year (35.8%, 27.7%, and 4.2% in 2011, 2013, and 2015, respectively; P < .01). Adjusted odds of glyburide use indicated that regions A and D were 24% (P = .045) and 11% (P < .01) less likely to prescribe glyburide in 2011, regions A and D were 37% (P < .01) and 8% (P = .03) less likely to prescribe glyburide in 2013, respective to the overall average, whereas region B was 41% (P = .04) more likely. No significant regional site variations remained in 2015. Internists were 47% more likely to prescribe glyburide than family medicine providers in 2013; P < .01), but not in any other study years.CONCLUSIONRates of glyburide use decreased after release of the 2012 AGS Beers Criteria® demonstrating successful adoption of evidence‐based medicine at a large multiregional site. However, regional differences may affect timing of implementation. Education, system‐level initiatives, and strong professional support may help enhance more uniform adoption. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:2354–2358, 2020.
A Public Health Ethics Analysis of the Criminalization of Direct Entry Midwifery
Authors: DeJoy Sharon Bernecki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMultiple types of midwives practice in the United States, but regulation of midwifery practice varies by state. In some states, direct entry midwifery practice is unregulated or criminalized. Because regulations are the most burdensome of the public health interventions, they require the most stringent ethical critique. This article uses the most recent Public Health Code of Ethics to analyze the ethics of regulations that criminalize direct entry midwifery practice. The Code establishes 8 criteria for ethical actions: (1) permissibility, (2) respect, (3) reciprocity, (4) effectiveness, (5) responsible use of scarce resources, (6) proportionality, (7) accountability and transparency, and (8) public participation. Laws that criminalize direct entry midwifery practice violate all of these criteria and therefore cannot be considered an ethical approach to the state's duty to safeguard public health. The remedy for this problem is for all states to license and regulate all types of midwives that meet international standards of education and training.
Endometrial cancer patients have high affinity antibodies for estrogen metabolite–receptor aggregate: A potential biomarker for EC
Authors: Khan Wahid Ali , Alsamghan Awad Saeed , Khan Mohd Wajid Ali 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimElevated levels of 16α‐hydroxyestrone (16α‐OHE1) have been described in endometrial cancer (EC) and estrogen receptors (ER) expressed in endometrial tissue, but research on their combined role is lacking. We aimed to investigate the affinity and binding specificity of EC antibodies against the 16α‐OHE1‐ERα aggregate in the serum of EC patients. Specificities of EC antibodies were also evaluated according to various clinical characteristics found in these cancer patients.MethodsThe binding specificity and affinity of EC antibodies against 16α‐OHE1‐ERα in the serum of 120 EC patients were evaluated by direct binding and competition ELISA and quantitative precipitation titration. Binding of EC antibodies was also determined according to various clinical characteristics in EC patients through competition ELISA.ResultsAntibodies from EC patients demonstrated high recognition of 16α‐OHE1‐ERα compared to ERα (P < 0.05) or 16α‐OHE1 (P < 0.001). The relative affinity of EC IgG was 1.49 × 10−7 M, 1.34 × 10−6 M and 1.13 × 10−6 M for 16α‐OHE1‐ERα, ERα and 16α‐OHE1, respectively. Several factors, such as obesity, postmenopausal status, use of hormonal therapy, ER and progesterone receptor (PR) status, low 2‐OHE1/16α‐OHE1 ratio, chemotherapy and hypertension, augment the production of antibodies against 16α‐OHE1‐ERα in EC patients.Conclusion16α‐OHE1‐ERα is a high‐affinity antigen for EC antibodies in the serum of EC patients and might function as a biomarker for this disease. Furthermore, several factors enhanced the production of antibodies against 16α‐OHE1‐ERα in the sera of these EC patients.
Weak Data: The Social Biography of a Measurement Instrument and How It Failed to Ensure Accountability in Home Care
Authors: Hoeyer Klaus , Bødker Malene 
Published: August 2020

AbstractContemporary health and social care is saturated by processes of datafication. In many cases, these processes are nested within an ostensibly simple logic of accountability: Define a politically and morally desirable goal, then measure the level of achievement. This logic has come to permeate public health initiatives globally and today it operates in most health care systems in various ways. We explore here a particular instantiation of the logic associated with the introduction of a measurement instrument used in Danish home care. Building on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and analysis of policy documents, we show how the instigated processes of datafication—despite hopeful political claims—erode care levels and disempower older people. We believe that these findings can be of relevance for other settings that subscribe to the same accountability logic and to similar forms of measurement instruments.
Factors associated with anaemia among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: Multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis
Authors: Tirore Lire Lemma , Mulugeta Afework , Belachew Abate Bekele , Gebrehaweria Menaseb , Sahilemichael Abraham , Erkalo Desta , Atsbha Rigeat 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAnaemia has prevailed as a mild to severe public health problem in Ethiopian women of reproductive age. Many studies carried out on anaemia have been limited to subnational assessments and subgroups of women. The effects of potential factors thought to affect anaemia and severity levels of anaemia have not been well considered. Therefore, this study identifies individual, household and community level factors associated with anaemia among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia applying multilevel ordinal logistic regression models. Proportional odds assumption was tested by likelihood ratio test. About 35.6% of the variation on anaemia was due to between household and community level differences. Pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.82, 2.91), HIV (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.76, 3.25), giving birth once (AOR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.40), giving birth more than once (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.71), living with five or more family members (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.47), living in poorest households (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.61) and rural area (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.92) were associated with greater odds of more severe anaemia compared with their respective counter parts. Secondary and above education (AOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.97) and use of pills, implants or injectable (AOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.77) were associated with lower odds of more severe anaemia. Anaemia prevention and control programmes need to be strengthened for women living with HIV/AIDS and during pregnancy. Household poverty reduction and social protection services need to be strengthened and integrated in anaemia prevention and management activities in women.
Anesthetic implications of a pediatric patient with stiff skin syndrome: A case report
Authors: Kiss Edgar E. , Alex Gijo , Chandran Neethu , Olomu Patrick 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStiff skin syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that is present in infancy or early childhood. It is characterized by hard, inflexible skin and limited joint mobility making anesthetic management of these patients challenging. Their limited neck flexibility and chest wall rigidity make intubation and mask ventilation difficult. Intraoperative positioning can be challenging due to joint contractures and potential entrapment peripheral neuropathy. Even though peripheral intravenous access can be relatively easy, central venous cannulation may be problematic due to the hard skin overlying the entry sites. Our case report details the anesthetic management and considerations of a pediatric patient with stiff skin syndrome.
Bayesian Econometric Modelling of Observational Data for Cost-effectiveness Analysis: Establishing the Value of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in the Healing of Open Surgical Wounds
Authors: Saramago Pedro , Claxton Karl , Welton Nicky J. , Soares Marta 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn the absence of evidence from randomized controlled trials on the relative effectiveness of treatments, cost-effectiveness analyses increasingly use observational data instead. Treatment assignment is not, however, randomized, and naive estimates of the treatment effect may be biased. To deal with this bias, one may need to adjust for observed and unobserved confounders. In this work we explore and discuss the challenges of these adjustment strategies within a case-study of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for the treatment of surgical wounds healing by secondary intention. We could not demonstrate that existing uncontrolled confounding affects NPWT effectiveness, and thus there was no evidence that NPWT was cost effective compared with standard dressings for the treatment of surgical wounds healing by secondary intention.
Inflation-Induced Twist in Geometrically Incompatible Isotropic Tubes
Authors: Emuna Nir , Cohen Noy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The fundamental twist motion in tubes is commonly generated by torque. However, twist can also be indirectly induced by mechanical loadings (inflation/extension), growth and remodeling processes, and environmental conditions. This unusual coupling commonly originates from material anisotropy. In this study, we propose a configuration of isotropic bilayer tubes that twists upon inflation. This mechanism is based on twist incompatibility: two tubes are axially twisted in opposing directions and glued to form a bilayer tube. The residual stress that develops gives rise to deformation-induced anisotropy, which enables twist under inflation. To demonstrate the induced-twist response, we employ the neo-Hookean and the Gent models. We derive closed-form expressions for the twist angle as a function of the pressure in neo-Hookean bilayer tubes and show that a terminal angle exists in the limiting pressure. Numerical studies of bilayer Gent tubes are carried out and reveal that the lock-up effect governs the terminal twist angle. Interestingly, we find that in bilayer Gent tubes, the twist direction and handedness can be reversed upon inflation. These counter-intuitive effects, known as inversion and perversion, respectively, stem from the load-dependent variations in the ratio between the torsional stiffness of the two layers. We provide criteria that allow to program the induced twist response of bilayer tubes through the design of the properties of the two layers. This approach may be of value in the design of soft robots, artificial muscles, and soft actuators.