bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust Anti‐Tumor T Cell Response with Efficient Intratumoral Infiltration by Nanodisc Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Kuai Rui , Singh Priti B. , Sun Xiaoqi , Xu Cheng , Hassani Najafabadi Alireza , Scheetz Lindsay , Yuan Wenmin , Xu Yao , Hong Hao , Keskin Derin B. , Wu Catherine J. , Jain Renu , Schwendeman Anna , Moon James J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPotent anti‐tumor T cell response and efficient intratumoral T cell infiltration are the major challenges for therapeutic cancer vaccines. To address these issues, a nanovaccine system is designed to promote anti‐tumor T cell responses, and intratumoral infiltration is examined in various murine tumor models. Subcutaneous vaccination with nanodiscs carrying human papillomavirus (HPV)‐16 E7 antigen elicits as high as ∼32% E7‐specific CD8α+ T cell responses in circulation, representing a 29‐fold improvement over the soluble peptide vaccination. Importantly, nanodisc vaccination also promotes robust intratumoral T cell infiltration and eliminates HPV16 E6/E7‐expressing TC‐1 tumors at mucosal sites, including lungs, inner lip, and intravaginal tissues. In a benchmark study with a live Listeria vaccine combined with anti‐PD‐1 IgG, nanodiscs plus anti‐PD‐1 immune checkpoint blockade elicits comparable levels of T cell responses with anti‐tumor efficacy. Furthermore, compared with Complete Freund's Adjuvant combined with tetanus toxoid, nanodisc vaccination in HLA‐A02 mice generates >200‐fold stronger IFN‐γ+ T cell responses against a neoantigen from an HLA‐A02 melanoma patient. Overall, these results show that the nanodisc system is a promising cancer vaccine platform for inducing anti‐tumor T cell responses.
Agronomic assessment of cover cropping and tillage practices across environments
Authors: Behnke Gevan D. , Kim Nakian , Villamil María B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCover crops (CCs) are considered one of the few agronomic strategies to help reduce environmental pollution, while improving soil properties. However, the use of tillage could negate those benefits entirely. Therefore, the goal of this study was to monitor soil properties and cash crop yields from five different CC rotations compared to fallow controls throughout Illinois. A split‐block arrangement of tillage (chisel tillage vs. no‐till) and CC rotations (six levels) in a randomized complete block design with four replications was set within each phase of the corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation at six locations, spanning 2–5 yr. Spring biomass was greatest in the CC rotations with cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) due to the four times greater survival percentage. Rotations with annual ryegrass reduced soil nitrate compared to bare fallows. Yet, the freshly added CC biomass only produced minimal increases in soil organic matter (SOM) compared to the other CC species. This rotation also reduces corn yields as is commonly observed when growing a grass CC species before a grass cash crop (corn). Chisel tillage was found to increase corn yields and reduce soil P levels compared to no‐tilled plots regardless of CC rotation. In contrast, soybean yields were not affected by CCs or tillage options. With few choices of CCs that can overwinter in Illinois, our study provides necessary information to evaluate CC management practices and re‐evaluate our current strategies.
S6 ribosomal protein phosphorylation is associated with malignancy of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Hirashita Teijiro , Hirashita Yuka , Iwashita Yukio , Endo Yuichi , Kiyonaga Maki , Matsumoto Shunro , Hijiya Naoki , Moriyama Masatsugu , Murakami Kazunari , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlucose metabolism of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas is unclear. S6 ribosomal protein (S6) phosphorylation is involved not only in controlling cell growth but also in glucose metabolism in cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of S6 phosphorylation and the significance of glucose metabolic changes in IPMN.MethodsRecords of 39 patients who underwent preoperative FDG‐PET and curative resection were enrolled in this study. S6 phosphorylation and GLUT1 expression were evaluated immunohistochemically in these patients. The effect of S6 phosphorylation on glucose uptake was examined in cancer cell lines. To examine the change of glucose metabolism in IPMN clinically, the relation between clinical factors including FDG‐PET and malignancy of IPMN was investigated.ResultsS6 phosphorylation and GLUT1 expression were significantly higher in carcinoma than in normal cells or adenoma. Cell lines with high level of S6 phosphorylation showed high glucose uptake, and inhibition of S6 phosphorylation reduced glucose uptake. In clinical examination, FDG‐PET was the independent factor related to the diagnosis of adenoma or carcinoma (odds ratio = 20.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.837‐539.9, P = .012). FDG‐PET detected carcinoma with a sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of 96.4%, and accuracy of 92.3%.ConclusionS6 phosphorylation was associated with glucose uptake and malignancy of IPMN. Moreover, glucose uptake increased in malignant cells of IPMN, and FDG‐PET is useful for detecting malignancy of IPMN.
Engaging with the Richmond Community to Reduce Pediatric Asthma Disparities: Findings from a Community‐engaged Needs Assessment
Authors: Everhart Robin S. , Haley Amber D. , Regan Gillian G. , Romo Stephanie , Dempster Katherine W. , Barsell D. Jeremy , Corona Rosalie , Mazzeo Suzanne E. , Schechter Michael S. ,   The Engaging Richmond Team
Published: June 2020

AbstractChildhood asthma disparities persist, with children living in low‐income areas experiencing worse morbidity. We partnered with a community‐academic research team and stakeholders to conduct a needs assessment to understand barriers and supports to asthma treatment. We convened a community advisory board, comprised of parents of children with asthma, youth with asthma, and members of key community organizations. Two focus groups with parents of children with asthma and four focus groups with youth with asthma were conducted, and a survey was administered to 100 parents. A visual mapping process was used to gather qualitative data about barriers, strategies, and outcomes, and allowed advisory board members to interpret focus group and survey data within the lived experiences of families. Focus group themes included parent stress/anxiety, concerns about school nurses, and lack of trust in providers. Findings from focus groups and surveys suggested that emergency department visits were not perceived negatively by families, although health providers and researchers generally view them as such. Public health implications include systemic changes that allow the healthcare system to address families’ acute needs and worry. A community program focused on education and coordination among families, schools, and medical homes might improve asthma outcomes at the population level.
Socioeconomic inequalities in children's health‐related quality of life according to weight status
Authors: Costa Diogo , Cunha Marina , Ferreira Cláudia , Gama Augusta , Machado‐Rodrigues Aristides M. , Rosado‐Marques Vítor , Mendes Larissa L. , Nogueira Helena , Pessoa Milene , Silva Maria‐Raquel G. , Velasquez‐Melendez Gustavo , Padez Cristina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study explores the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among Portuguese children according to their weight status.MethodsA total of 1215 primary school‐aged children (mean age 8.78 years) from three Portuguese districts (Lisbon, Porto, Coimbra) were assessed during 2016/2017. Father and mother's education (low, medium, high) and work status (employed, unemployed/retired) were used as SEP indicators. Self‐reported HRQoL was assessed with the KIDSCREEN‐27. Height and weight were objectively measured and body mass index categorized in normal, overweight or obese. Age, sex, and district‐adjusted linear regression models were fitted to estimate associations between SEP indicators and HRQoL dimensions, according to weight status.ResultsWe found that 24.9% of children were categorized as having overweight/obesity. The mean scores of the Physical Well‐Being, and School Environment dimensions of HRQoL were lower among children classified with overweight/obesity compared to children with normal weight (57.21 vs 54.11, P < .001 and 57.85 vs 56.04, P = .010, respectively). Father's education was significantly associated with all HRQoL dimensions in children with a normal weight, but the same was not observed among children presenting overweight/obesity. An increase in the level of maternal education was also significantly associated with all HRQoL dimensions among children classified with a normal weight, and only for the School Environment dimension among children classified with overweight/obesity.ConclusionsThese results suggest the presence of socioeconomic inequalities in self‐reported HRQoL from early age, particularly among children with normal weight.
Effects of a mixed‐subsistence diet on the growth of Hadza children
Authors: Pollom Trevor R. , Cross Chad L. , Herlosky Kristen N. , Ford Elle , Crittenden Alyssa N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction: We investigated the preliminary effects of dietary changes on the anthropometric measurements of child and adolescent Hadza foragers.Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional study comparing height and weight of participants (aged 0‐17 years) at two time points, 2005 (n = 195) and 2017 (n = 52), from two locations: semi‐nomadic “bush camps” and sedentary “village camps”. World Health Organization (WHO) calculators were used to generate standardized z‐scores for weight‐for‐height (WHZ), weight‐for‐age (WAZ), height‐for‐age (HAZ), and BMI‐for‐age (BMIFAZ). Cross tabulations were constructed for each measurement variable as a function of z‐score categories and the variables year, location, and sex.Results: Residency in a village, and associated mixed‐subsistence diet, was associated with favorable growth, including greater WAZ (P < .001), HAZ (P < .001), and BMIFAZ (P = .004), but not WHZ (P = .717). Regardless of residency location, participants showed an improved WAZ (P = .021) and HAZ (P < .001) in the 2017 study year. We found no sex differences.Discussion and Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that a mixed‐subsistence diet may confer advantages over an exclusive wild food diet, a trend also reported among other transitioning foragers.
Multimode Self‐Oscillating Vesicle Transformers
Authors: Shao Qing , Zhang Shaodong , Hu Zhen , Zhou Yongfeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEngineering synthetic materials that mimic the complex rhythmic oscillatory behavior of living cells is a fundamental challenge in science and technology. Up to now, the reported synthetic model system still cannot compete with nature in oscillatory modes and amplitudes. Presented here is a novel alternating copolymer vesicle that exhibits drastic and multimode shape oscillations in real time, which are controlled by polymer concentrations and driven by the Belousov—Zhabotinsky oscillatory reaction, including swelling/deswelling, twisting/detwisting, stretching/shrinking, fusion/fission, and multiple division. Some of them, especially the fission oscillation, have not been observed before. In addition, the oscillation magnitude with regard to diameter is much larger than that of previously reported self‐oscillating vesicles. Such a self‐oscillating vesicle transformer would extend the complexity and capacity of membrane deformations in synthetic systems, approaching those of natural cells.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Carboxylates
Authors: Becica Joseph , Heath Oliver R. J. , Zheng Cameron H. M. , Leitch David C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCarboxylate esters have many desirable features as electrophiles for catalytic cross‐coupling: they are easy to access, robust during multistep synthesis, and mass‐efficient in coupling reactions. Alkenyl carboxylates, a class of readily prepared non‐aromatic electrophiles, remain difficult to functionalize through cross‐coupling. We demonstrate that Pd catalysis is effective for coupling electron‐deficient alkenyl carboxylates with arylboronic acids in the absence of base or oxidants. Furthermore, these reactions can proceed by two distinct mechanisms for C−O bond activation. A Pd0/II catalytic cycle is viable when using a Pd0 precatalyst, with turnover‐limiting C−O oxidative addition; however, an alternative pathway that involves alkene carbopalladation and β‐carboxyl elimination is proposed for PdII precatalysts. This work provides a clear path toward engaging myriad oxygen‐based electrophiles in Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling.
Effect of Ionic Strength on Freeze–Thaw Stability of Glycosylated Soy Protein Emulsion
Authors: Wang Yuying , Wang Xiaodan , Wang Guorong , Wang Xibo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study used Soy Protein Isolate (SPI), Soy Protein Isolate Hydrolysates (SPH) and Dextran (D) as raw materials. Covalent compounds were prepared by grafting soy protein isolate and soy protein isolate hydrolysate with dextran by water‐heating method, which were SPI‐D and SPH‐D, respectively. The effect of ionic strength (0–500 mM) on the freeze–thaw stability of SPI, SPI‐D, and SPH‐D emulsions was investigated. Fourier transform infrared analysis and Fluorescence emission spectroscopy analysis indicated that the structure of the protein changed. In this study, it was found that with the increase of ionic strength, the zeta potential of the three samples presented a downward trend and the surface hydrophobicity first decreased and then increased. The addition of ions effectively improved the freeze–thaw stability of the emulsions. The particle size of the emulsions changed little after freeze–thaw cycles, and coalescence degree, creaming index, and oiling off significantly decreased. Especially when the ionic strength reached 300 mM, the degree of coalescence was 248.46%, 170.92%, and 167.77%, respectively, and the oiling off was also reduced by 68.52%, 68.25%, and 59.92%, respectively. The creaming index of the SPI emulsion was 48.49% lower than the creaming index without ions. However, when the ionic strength exceeded 300 mM, the coalescence degree, creaming index, and oiling off of the emulsions increased. Optical microstructures also found that at ionic strength of 300 mM, the oil droplets produced by the three kinds of emulsion after freeze–thaw were smaller than those without ions.
Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Polycyclic Indolines through Formal [4+2] Propargylic Cycloaddition of Indoles with Ethynyl Benzoxazinanones
Authors: Shao Wen , Xu‐Xu Qing‐Feng , You Shu‐Li 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA formal [4+2] propargylic annulation of indoles and pyrrole with ethynyl benzoxazinanones was described. This protocol provides a concise synthesis of tetrahydro‐5H‐indolo[2,3‐b]quinolines and tetrahydro‐3H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐b]quinoline, the core structures of alkaloid frameworks, featuring excellent yields, high diastereoselectivity, mild conditions and wide substrate scope.
Structural elucidation of selenocysteine insertion machinery of microalgal selenoprotein T and its transcriptional analysis
Authors: Reshma Ragini , Kumari Sunitha , Arumugam Muthu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEssential trace element selenium in association with selenoproteins, which is found in almost all organisms except higher plants and fungi, is involved in various biological functions. Advancement in the field of whole genome sequencing and data analyzing bioinformatic tools led to the accumulation of genome information of organisms. However, selenoproteins are unique and it needs specialized genomics tool for its identification as well as characterization. In this study, the presence of selenoprotein T (SelT) from Scenedesmus quadricauda was shown for the first time with experimental evidence and compared with SelT of marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica. Along with SelT, all the associated machineries required to synthesize the selenoproteins were also identified. Also, the present study tried to explicate the evolutionary relatedness of SelT of these two organisms with other known bacteria and eukaryotes. Transcript level analysis in S. quadricauda under endoplasmic reticulum stress showed a 1.2 ± 0.28‐fold increase in SelT expression. Thus, it provided the first experimental evidence on SelT expression from microalgae.
Transient expression of the full‐length glycoprotein from infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves via agroinfiltration
Authors: Fazeli Leila , Golkar Pooran , Mirakhorli Neda , Jalali Seyed Amir Hossein , Mohammadinezhad Rezvan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe glycoprotein of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), the causative agent of acute disease in salmonids, is the only structural protein of the virus that can induce protective immunity in the fish host. Here, the reliability of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plant for the production of this viral protein was examined by the transient expression method. Using the syringe agroinfiltration method, leaves of bean plants were transformed with the expression construct encoding the full‐length of IHNV glycoprotein (IHNV‐G) gene. Furthermore, the transformation efficacy of two infiltration buffers including PBS‐A (PBS+acetosyringone) and MMS‐A (MES buffer + MgSO4 + sucrose + acetosyringone) was compared. The analysis of mRNA and dot‐blot assay confirmed the transcription and translation of IHNV‐G protein in bean leaves. Moreover, Western blotting verified the production of intact, full‐length (∼57 kDa) IHNV‐G protein in the agroinfiltrated plants. Of note, the production level of IHNV‐G using MMS‐A agroinfiltration buffer was approximately five times higher compared to PBS‐A buffer (0.48 vs. 0.1% of total soluble protein), indicating the effect of infiltration buffer on the transient transformation efficiency. The recombinant protein was purified at the final yield of 0.35 μg/g of fresh leaf tissue, using nickel affinity chromatography. The present work is the first report describing the feasibility of the plant expression platform for the production of IHNV‐G protein, which can be served as an oral vaccine against IHNV infection.
Differences of connectivity between ESRD patients with PD and HD
Authors: Park Bong Soo , Seong Myungjun , Ko Junghae , Park Si Hyung , Kim Yang Wook , Hwan Kim Il , Park Jin Han , Lee Yoo Jin , Park Seongho , Park Kang Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate alterations in structural and functional brain connectivity between patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) who were undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).MethodsWe enrolled 40 patients with ESRD who were undergoing PD (20 patients) and HD (20 patients). We also enrolled healthy participants as a control group. All of the subjects underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI). Using data from the structural and functional connectivity matrix based on DTI and rs‐fMRI, we calculated several network measures using graph theoretical analysis.ResultsThe measures of global structural connectivity were significantly different between the patients with ESRD who were undergoing PD and healthy subjects. The global efficiency and local efficiency in the patients with PD were significantly decreased compared with those in healthy participants. However, all of the measures of global structural connectivity in the patients with HD were not different from those in healthy participants. Conversely, in the global functional connectivity, the characteristic path length was significantly increased and the small‐worldness index was decreased in patients with HD. However, the measures of the global functional connectivity in the patients with PD were not different from those in healthy subjects.ConclusionThis study revealed that alterations in structural and functional connectivity in patients who were undergoing PD and HD were different than those in healthy controls. These findings suggest that brain networks may be affected by different types of renal replacement therapy.
Mental health status of the general population, healthcare professionals, and university students during 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak in Jordan: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Naser Abdallah Y. , Dahmash Eman Zmaily , Al‐Rousan Rabaa , Alwafi Hassan , Alrawashdeh Hamzeh Mohammad , Ghoul Imene , Abidine Anwer , Bokhary Mohammed A. , AL‐Hadithi Hadeel T. , Ali Dalia , Abuthawabeh Rasha , Abdelwahab Ghada Mohammad , Alhartani Yosra J. , Al Muhaisen Haneen , Dagash Ayah , Alyami Hamad S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of COVID‐19 global pandemic coupled with high transmission rate and mortality has created an unprecedented state of emergency worldwide. This global situation may have a negative impact on the psychological well‐being of individuals which in turn impacts individuals' performance. This study aims to explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety among the GP, HCPs, and USs during COVID‐19 outbreak, and to identify key population(s) who might need psychological intervention.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Jordan between 22 and 28 March 2020 to explore the mental health status (depression and anxiety) of the general population, healthcare professionals, and university students during the COVID‐19 outbreak. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) were used to assess depression and anxiety among the study participants. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of depression and anxiety.ResultsThe prevalence of depression and anxiety among the entire study participants was 23.8% and 13.1%, respectively. Anxiety was most prevalent across university students 21.5%, followed by healthcare professionals 11.3%, and general population 8.8%. Females among healthcare professionals and university students, divorced healthcare professionals, pulmonologists, and university students with history of chronic disease were at higher risk of developing depression. Females, divorced participants among the general population, and university students with history of chronic disease and those with high income (≥1,500 JD) were at higher risk of developing anxiety.ConclusionsDuring outbreaks, individuals are put under extreme stressful condition resulting in higher risk of developing anxiety and depression particularly for students and healthcare professionals. Policymakers and mental healthcare providers are advised to provide further mental support to these vulnerable groups during this pandemic.
An environmental perspective extends market orientation: Green innovation sustainability
Authors: Wang Chao Hung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThough there has been much research into green performance, few studies have analyzed whether a green market orientation (GMO) is important. In this study, we propose and test a model that links three subconstructs of GMO (i.e., green customer orientation, green interfunctional orientation, and green competitor orientation) and green performance. The mediating role of green innovation and if there is a missing link between these relationships is also tested. By decomposing the components of GMO and introducing green innovation as a mediator, the results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of how and why green innovation is important in the linkage between GMO and green innovation. Using a survey of 248 high‐tech firms in Taiwan, the results highlight three subconstructs of GMO in facilitating green innovation and green performance. Green innovation fully mediates the association between green interfunctional orientation and green performance. However, green innovation only partially mediates the effects of green customer orientation and green competitor orientation on green performance.