bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional spatiotemporal tracking of nano-objects diffusing in water-filled optofluidic microstructured fiber
Authors: Jiang Shiqi , Förster Ronny , Plidschun Malte , Kobelke Jens , Fatobene Ando Ron , Schmidt Markus A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) tracking of nano-objects represents a novel pathway for understanding dynamic nanoscale processes within bioanalytics and life science. Here we demonstrate 3D tracking of diffusing 100 nm gold nanosphere within a water-filled optofluidic fiber via elastic light scattering–based position retrieval. Specifically, the correlation between intensity and position inside a region of a fiber-integrated microchannel has been used to decode the axial position from the scattered intensity, while image processing–based tracking was used in the image plane. The 3D trajectory of a diffusing gold nanosphere has been experimentally determined, while the determined diameter analysis matches expectations. Beside key advantages such as homogenous light-line illumination, low-background scattering, long observation time, large number of frames, high temporal and spatial resolution and compatibility with standard microscope, the particular properties of operating with water defines a new bioanalytical platform that is highly relevant for medical and life science applications.
Die vier Körper des gedopten Athleten
Authors: Schild Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSporthandeln ist Körpertechnik, Einsatz und Inszenierung des sportlichen Körpers (zur zunehmenden Bedeutung des Körpers in der Sportphilosophie vgl. Caysa 2003a, b; Seewald 1996). Aber was ist unter diesem „Körper“ zu verstehen? Ist denn überhaupt der Singular – „der“ Körper – angemessen oder brauchen wir – wie wir am Beispiel der „zwei Körper des Königs“ (Ernst H. Kantorowicz) gelernt haben – mehrere Körper bzw. mehrere unterschiedliche Sprechweisen über diesen Körper des Athleten, der noch dazu – um die Fragestellung zu komplizieren – als des Dopings überführter Teilnehmer an einem Wettbewerb des organisierten Sports angesetzt wird? In diesem Beitrag, der sich daher nicht mit dem Freizeit- oder Schulsport oder mit Fitnesspraktiken oder mit Bodybuilding befasst, sondern sich auf den sich dem Publikum präsentierenden Wettkampfsport beschränkt, werden vier Körper unterschieden und dargestellt.
An investigation of the effects of environmental and ecologic factors on cutaneous leishmaniasis in the old world: a systematic review study
Authors: Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Khazaei Salman , Heidari Hamidreza , Asgarian Azadeh , Arsangjang Shahram , Saghafipour Abedin , Mohammadsalehi Narges , Ansari Hossein 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Leishmaniasis is a neglected and widespread parasitic disease that can lead to serious health problems. The current review study aimed to synthesize the relationship between ecologic and environmental factors (e.g., weather conditions, climatology, temperature and topology) and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old World.

Content
A systematic review was conducted based on English, and Persian articles published from 2015 to 2020 in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords used to search articles were leishmaniasis, environmental factors, weather condition, soil, temperature, land cover, ecologic* and topogr*. All articles were selected and assessed for eligibility according to the titles or abstracts. The quality screening process of articles was carried out by two independent authors. The selected articles were checked according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Summary and outlook
A total of 827 relevant records in 2015–2020 were searched and after evaluating the articles, 23 articles met the eligibility criteria; finally, 14 full-text articles were included in the systematic review. Two different categories of ecologic/environmental factors (weather conditions, temperature, rainfall/precipitation and humidity) and land characteristics (land cover, slope, elevation and altitude, earthquake and cattle sheds) were the most important factors associated with CL incidence.

Conclusions
Temperature and rainfall play an important role in the seasonal cycle of CL as many CL cases occurred in arid and semiarid areas in the Old World. Moreover, given the findings of this study regarding the effect of weather conditions on CL, it can be concluded that designing an early warning system is necessary to predict the incidence of CL based on different weather conditions.
Brain metabolic DNA: recent evidence for a mitochondrial connection
Authors: Giuditta Antonio , Grassi Zucconi Gigliola , Sadile Adolfo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This review highlights recent data concerning the synthesis of brain metabolic DNA (BMD) by cytoplasmic reverse transcription and the prompt acquisition of the double-stranded configuration that allows its partial transfer to nuclei. BMD prevails in the mitochondrial fraction and is present in presynaptic regions and astroglial processes where it undergoes a turnover lasting a few weeks. Additional data demonstrate that BMD sequences are modified by learning, thus indicating that the modified synaptic activity allowing proper brain responses is encoded in learning BMD. In addition, several converging observations regarding the origin of BMD strongly suggest that BMD is reverse transcribed by mitochondrial telomerase.
Does Bank Profitability Stimulate Economic Growth in the Arab Region?
Authors: Aziz Omar Ghazy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study empirically investigates the impact of bank profitability, as a complementary measure of financial development, on growth in the Arab countries between 1985 and 2016. Using a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation to test the impact of the bank profitability on growth, this study utilises two variables in the econometric model which are return on assets and return on equity. This study reveals that both variables of bank profitability are positive and significant. This confirms that the bank profitability, beside other financial development variables, has positive impact on the growth. This study points out some important implications based on this result.
A weighted empirical Bayes risk prediction model using multiple traits
Authors: Li Gengxin , Hou Lin , Liu Xiaoyu , Wu Cen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With rapid advances in high-throughput sequencing technology, millions of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) can be simultaneously genotyped in a sequencing study. These SNVs residing in functional genomic regions such as exons may play a crucial role in biological process of the body. In particular, non-synonymous SNVs are closely related to the protein sequence and its function, which are important in understanding the biological mechanism of sequence evolution. Although statistically challenging, models incorporating such SNV annotation information can improve the estimation of genetic effects, and multiple responses may further strengthen the signals of these variants on the assessment of disease risk. In this work, we develop a new weighted empirical Bayes method to integrate SNV annotation information in a multi-trait design. The performance of this proposed model is evaluated in simulation as well as a real sequencing data; thus, the proposed method shows improved prediction accuracy compared to other approaches.
Spectral dynamic causal modelling of resting-state fMRI: an exploratory study relating effective brain connectivity in the default mode network to genetics
Authors: Nie Yunlong , Opoku Eugene , Yasmin Laila , Song Yin , Wang Jie , Wu Sidi , Scarapicchia Vanessa , Gawryluk Jodie , Wang Liangliang , Cao Jiguo , Nathoo Farouk S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We conduct an imaging genetics study to explore how effective brain connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) may be related to genetics within the context of Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. We develop an analysis of longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and genetic data obtained from a sample of 111 subjects with a total of 319 rs-fMRI scans from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. A Dynamic Causal Model (DCM) is fit to the rs-fMRI scans to estimate effective brain connectivity within the DMN and related to a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contained in an empirical disease-constrained set which is obtained out-of-sample from 663 ADNI subjects having only genome-wide data. We relate longitudinal effective brain connectivity estimated using spectral DCM to SNPs using both linear mixed effect (LME) models as well as function-on-scalar regression (FSR). In both cases we implement a parametric bootstrap for testing SNP coefficients and make comparisons with p-values obtained from asymptotic null distributions. In both networks at an initial q-value threshold of 0.1 no effects are found. We report on exploratory patterns of associations with relatively high ranks that exhibit stability to the differing assumptions made by both FSR and LME.
Peirce, Aristotle, metaphor – and comments to Factor
Authors: Sørensen Bent , Thellefsen Torkild , Dewi Amalia Nurma 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCharles Peirce provided a few, but interesting we believe, remarks about metaphor. Aristotle on the other hand developed a theory of metaphor that, to this day has been, and still is, influential (even though his theory, especially within recent years, also has been heavily criticized, e.g., by Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson. 1980.Metaphors we live by. Chicago: Chicago University Press). Factor, Lance R. 1996. Peirce’s definition of metaphor and its consequences. In Vincent Colapietro & Thomas Olshewsky (eds.),Peirce’s doctrine of signs: Theory, applications, and connections, 229–235. Berlin/New York: Mouton De Gruyter, as one of very few scholars, makes a comparison between Peirce and Aristotle. Factor claims that Peirce’s definition of metaphor and its consequences undermine and overturn Aristotle’s theory. We do not believe that Factor is right; and this is due to Factor’s misinterpretation of key elements within Aristotle’s theory. We rather believe that Peirce and Aristotle, in fact, have central ideas in common concerning metaphor; perhaps, in particular, when it comes to the function of metaphor. Hence, both see, for example, metaphor as a cognitive mechanism. The article tries to develop this argument.
Abrüstung und Nichtverbreitung atomarer, biologischer und chemischer Waffen. Beiträge des vereinten Deutschland
Authors: Thränert Oliver 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDas vereinte Deutschland, das selbst aufgrund des „Zwei-Plus-Vier-Vertrages“, der Voraussetzung für die Wiedervereinigung war, auf ABC-Waffen verzichtet, setzt sich mit Nachdruck für die Abrüstung und Nichtverbreitung dieser Waffen ein. Es verfolgt damit sicherheitspolitische Interessen, insoweit der Einsatz dieser Waffen Deutschland direkt oder indirekt erheblichen Schaden zufügen würde. Vor dem Hintergrund seiner Geschichte möchte Deutschland aber auch das humanitäre Völkerrecht und eine regelbasierte internationale Ordnung fördern. Zielkonflikte mit verteidigungspolitischen Interessen wie seine Beteiligung an der nuklearen Teilhabe innerhalb der NATO oder wirtschaftlichen Interessen vermag Deutschland zu meistern. Besonders sichtbar ist Deutschlands Wirken bei den internationalen diplomatischen Bemühungen, Iran vom Erwerb von Atomwaffen fernzuhalten. Da sich die Abrüstungs- und Nichtverbreitungsregime aber in tiefen Krisen befinden, kommt auf Deutschland – gemeinsam mit Partnern – viel Arbeit zu, um auch künftig die Verbreitung von ABC-Waffen zu verhindern.
Asymmetric dynamics between uncertainty and unemployment flows in the United States
Authors: Ahmed Ali , Granberg Mark , Troster Victor , Uddin Gazi Salah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper examines how different uncertainty measures affect the unemployment level, inflow, and outflow in the U.S. across all states of the business cycle. We employ linear and nonlinear causality-in-quantile tests to capture a complete picture of the effect of uncertainty on U.S. unemployment. To verify whether there are any common effects across different uncertainty measures, we use monthly data on four uncertainty measures and on U.S. unemployment from January 1997 to August 2018. Our results corroborate the general predictions from a search and matching framework of how uncertainty affects unemployment and its flows. Fluctuations in uncertainty generate increases (upper-quantile changes) in the unemployment level and in the inflow. Conversely, shocks to uncertainty have a negative impact on U.S. unemployment outflow. Therefore, the effect of uncertainty is asymmetric depending on the states (quantiles) of U.S. unemployment and on the adopted unemployment measure. Our findings suggest state-contingent policies to stabilize the unemployment level when large uncertainty shocks occur.
Reconfigurable Wide Input Range, Fully-Differential Indirect Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier with Digital Offset Calibration for Self-X Measurement Systems
Authors: Alraho Senan , Zaman Qummar , König Andreas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This manuscript presents an implementation of the configurable indirect current-feedback instrumentation amplifier (CFIA) for sensor interface readout circuit. Configuration is achieved by designing digital weighted scalable arrays for some selected elements to serve as tuning knobs controlled by the evolutionary optimization algorithm. This scheme resulting in a programmable circuit for different aspects to support self-x functionality. The robustness and flexibility of the proposed circuit fit to the demands of measurement and sensory systems in industry 4.0 and other intelligent systems applications. The circuit is designed by Cadence tools using ams 0.35 μm CMOS technology.
Klassifikation von Grübchenschäden an Zahnrädern mittels Vibrationsmessungen
Authors: Grzeszkowski Mateusz , Nowoisky Sebastian , Scholzen Philipp , Kappmeyer Gregor , Gühmann Clemens , Brimmers Jens , Brecher Christian 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
In zukünftigen Flugtriebwerken soll ein Planetengetriebe zwischen Fan und Turbine integriert werden, um den Wirkungsgrad und das Nebenstromverhältnis des Triebwerks zu erhöhen. Ein solches Getriebe muss im fortlaufenden Betrieb überwacht werden, um mögliche Getriebeschäden wie Zahnradverschleiß oder Grübchen auf den Zahnradflanken frühzeitig zu erkennen. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die aus einer Schwingungsmessung, sensorabhängigen Merkmalsgewinnung und einer Support Vector Machine (SVM)-basierten Klassifizierung von Zahnradgrübchen zur Zustandsüberwachung von Getrieben besteht. Mehrere Zahnräder wurden auf einem genormten Zahnrad-Verspannungsprüfstand mit einem konstanten Drehmoment bis zu einer vorgegebenen Grübchenfläche belastet. Die Grübchenfläche wurde begleitend zu den Versuchen fotografisch erfasst. Es wurden Merkmale aus Beschleunigungssensoren und einem Körperschallsensor extrahiert und auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse der fotografisch erfassten Grübchenfläche wurde ein SVM-Klassifikator entwickelt, um den Grübchenschaden zu identifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Grübchen ab einer relativen Grübchenfläche am Einzelzahn von weniger als 1 % effektiv identifiziert werden können.
Self-sufficient vibration sensor for high voltage lines
Authors: Siegl A. , Neumayer M. , Bretterklieber T. , Gruber G. , Felsberger R. , Brasseur G. 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Winde und Luftströmungen stellen eine potentielle Bedrohung für Hochspannungsleitungen dar. Die Luftbewegungen lassen die Leiterseile in beliebige Richtungen schwingen und verursachen mechanischen Stress an den Aufhängepunkten und den Leiterseilen. Um die Amplitude der Seilauslenkung zu messen, kann ein Vibrationssensor, basierend auf einer Beschleunigungsmessung, an der Leitung angebracht werden. Damit der Sensor in einem solchen Umfeld korrekt arbeitet und die Auswertung der Seilauslenkung ordnungsgemäß erfolgt, müssen zuerst Überlegungen angestellt werden. In diesem Beitrag sind diese herausgestrichen und in einen Laborprototypen eingeflossen, welcher anhand von Laborexperimenten verifiziert und charakterisiert wurde. Die Leistungsaufnahme des Prototyps sowie dessen Messunsicherheit und der mittlere quadratische Fehler, bezogen auf die Auslenkung, werden präsentiert.
Assessment of the frequency and biochemical parameters of conjunctivitis in COVID-19 and other viral and bacterial conditions
Authors: Oruc Yavuz , Aydin Suleyman , Akkoc Ramazan Fazil , Aydin Suna , Gul Fatih Cem , Ugur Kader , Sahin İbrahim , Hanbeyoglu Onur , Kilic Suleyman Sirri , Aksoy Aziz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We compared the laboratory and clinical symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), other viral (beside COVID-19), and bacterial conjunctivitis patients with the values of controls.

Methods
Twenty COVID-19, 15 other viral, 15 bacterial patients, and 15 control group were included in the study. COVID-19 was diagnosed with the real time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction while the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test was used in the detection of other viral agents. Bacterial agents were determined with the detection of the agent. The ophthalmologic examination of all cases was carried out by direct penlight, and the anterior segment evaluation was performed. The laboratory findings of all cases included in the study were obtained from the hospital records.

Results
It was determined that 5% conjunctivitis and 5% diplopia developed in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 20% conjunctivitis developed in patients due to other viral agents, and 66.6% conjunctivitis developed in patients due to bacterial agents.

Conclusion
The incidence of conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients was lower than in other viral and bacterial groups. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and C-reactive protein come to the forefront as precious parameters with high specificity and sensitivity that might be useful to distinguish these diseases.
Variational principle for time-periodic quantum systems
Authors: Krüger Nils 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A variational principle enabling one to compute individual Floquet states of a periodically time-dependent quantum system is formulated, and successfully tested against the benchmark system provided by the analytically solvable model of a linearly driven harmonic oscillator. The principle is particularly well suited for tracing individual Floquet states through parameter space, and may allow one to obtain Floquet states even for very high-dimensional systems which cannot be treated by the known standard numerical methods.
A solution of the time paradox of physics
Authors: Kalies Grit 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Quantum mechanics for describing the behavior of microscopic entities and thermodynamics for describing macroscopic systems exhibit separate time concepts. Whereas many theories of modern physics interpret processes as reversible, in thermodynamics, an expression for irreversibility and the so-called time arrow has been developed: the increase of entropy. The divergence between complete reversibility on the one hand and irreversibility on the other is called the paradox of time. Since more than hundred years many efforts have been devoted to unify the time concepts. So far, the efforts were not successful. In this paper a solution is proposed on the basis of matter-energy equivalence with an energetic distinction between matter and mass. By refraining from interpretations predominant in modern theoretical physics, the first and second laws of thermodynamics can be extended to fundamental laws of nature, which are also valid at quantum level.
In-situ stabilization of silver nanoparticles in polymer hydrogels for enhanced catalytic reduction of macro and micro pollutants
Authors: Shah Luqman Ali , Javed Rida , Siddiq Mohammad , BiBi Iram , Jamil Ishrat , Sultana Sabiha , Khan Abbas , Muhammad Sayyar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The in-situ stabilization of Ag nanoparticles is carried out by the use of reducing agent and synthesized three different types of hydrogen (anionic, cationic, and neutral) template. The morphology, constitution and thermal stability of the synthesized pure and Ag-entrapped hybrid hydrogels were efficiently confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The prepared hybrid hydrogels were used in the decolorization of methylene blue (MB) and azo dyes congo red (CR), methyl Orange (MO), and reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and nitrobenzene (NB) by an electron donor NaBH4. The kinetics of the reduction reaction was also assessed to determine the activation parameters. The hybrid hydrogen catalysts were recovered by filtration and used continuously up to six times with 98% conversion of pollutants without substantial loss in catalytic activity. It was observed that these types of hydrogel systems can be used for the conversion of pollutants from waste water into useful products.
Ein kanonistischer Leuchtturm. Die kritische Edition der Summa Lipsiensis)
Authors: Bertram Martin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

A canon law lighthouse. The critical edition of the Summa Lipsiensis. This is an in-depth review of the edition of the chief work (ca. 1186) of anglo-norman canon law, presented in five volumes by Peter Landau and his team.
Le capital numérique urbain
Authors: Eveno Emmanuel 
Published: September 2020

L’habitant des villes, autrefois considéré comme étant soumis aux aléas des politiques de toutes sortes qui régissaient la ville tend, depuis l’époque contemporaine et en lien avec le développement de nouvelles technologies, à devenir un acteur « discret ». En même temps que les villes acquièrent de nouvelles fonctionnalités en se technologisant, les habitants, en s’équipant eux-mêmes de technologies, sont capables d’interagirent avec les acteurs publics. Mais ces capacités ne sont pas uniformément distribuées. C’est pourquoi nous évoquons ici la notion de « capital numérique urbain » comme élément d’explication des diverses capacités des habitants à maîtriser leur insertion sociale et politique dans la ville.
Valuation and cost reduction of behind-the-meter hydrogen production in Hawaii
Authors: Headley Alexander , Randolf Günter , Virji Mebs , Ewan Mitch 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA 250kW hydrogen electrolysis facility was recently installed at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority's (NELHA's) campus. This facility that will begin operation in 2020 to produce hydrogen for fuel cell buses on the island to demonstrate of the application of hydrogen to decarbonize transportation. Given the size of the electrolysis station, it has the potential to significantly increase electricity costs for the campus, which is subject to energy and peak demand charges from the local utility.In this paper, we analyze the cost of hydrogen production at NELHA given the rate structure options available from the utility. Production costs are estimated using optimal versus constant scheduling of the facility to meet the buses’ demand. A model of the electrolysis station is used to capture changes in production efficiency over the power range in the optimization routine. The effects of combining the station and campus load versus standalone operation and increasing solar generation are also explored. The analyses surrounding this scenario show the importance of multiple factors on the potential profitability of hydrogen production in behind-the-meter applications and show trends that could have implications for other similar installations.