bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and functional prediction of lncRNAs during cassava post‐harvest physiological deterioration
Authors: Zeng Jian , Wang Cheng , Ding Zehong , Wang Bin , Liu Yujia , Guo Jing , Chen Jie , Wu Chunlai , Tie Weiwei , Yan Yan , Peng Hongyuan , Hu Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important staple food crop in Latin America and Africa. However, after harvest, the tuberous roots undergo rapid post‐harvest physiological deterioration (PPD), a known perishable phenomenon that usually appears within 72 h post‐harvest. Post‐harvest physiological deterioration largely reduces the quality and economic value of cassava tuberous roots, restricting the use of cassava as a raw material in the food industry. To analyze the regulatory roles of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) during PPD, whole systematic screening of lncRNAs was performed. In this study, 288 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified from 2,787 high‐confidence lncRNAs during PPD. cis‐Acting analysis revealed 10 interested lncRNA–mRNA pairs, in which the neighboring protein‐coding genes were mainly related to ethylene signaling, calcium sensors, and transcription factors. trans‐Regulatory coexpression network analysis reported that lncRNAs were potentially associated with genes involved in the oxidation‐reduction process. These results present a broad vision of cassava lncRNAs during PPD and provide the potential candidates for genetic engineering to alleviate deterioration of tuberous roots.
Eigenspectra for flocculation quality estimation
Authors: Veenstra Christian N. , Dubash Neville , Webster Scott E. , Brown Wayne A. , Junaid Abu S. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present an image analysis algorithm for flocculation quality estimation in high‐solids slurries, and demonstrate its performance using inline process images of oil sands tailings flocculation. While a skilled human operator can often successfully evaluate such images, variations in feed as well as the lack of isolated flocs or spatial reference‐points inherent in a high‐solids slurry can cause conventional image analysis techniques to fail. We overcome these challenges by recasting the images in Fourier space, discarding phase information, and applying an eigenfaces‐inspired image recognition algorithm to the resulting spectra. Each image is represented using a few projection coefficients onto an orthogonal basis and evaluated using likelihood‐based classification schemes. This algorithm shows a high degree of success evaluating the flocculation quality of 129 batch and inline flocculation experiments (5,610 images total) utilizing feed tailings from two different oil sand producers at a variety of feed dilutions and flocculant dosing levels.
Stocking rate impacts on tallgrass prairie landscape carbon fluxes
Authors: Owensby Clenton E. , Auen Lisa M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCarbon sequestration in ecosystems reduces atmospheric CO2, a major forcing factor in global warming. We aimed to determine the ecosystem C balance under heavy and moderate stocking rates or ungrazed (UG) pastures during the first 2 yr of a 3‐yr period and to determine if changing to moderate stocking on a previously heavily stocked pasture would result in compensatory ecosystem C retention. During 2003 and 2004, net ecosystem C exchange (NEEc) was measured with eddy correlation towers on pastures that were UG, stocked at 2 acres per steer until the middle of the grazing season [intensive early stocking (IES)], and season‐long stocking at the high rate of 2 acres per steer (SLS‐H). In 2005, the SLS‐H pasture changed to a season‐long moderate stocking rate of 4 acres per steer (SLS‐H‐M). Net ecosystem C exchange was summed over an entire year from the burn date to the burn date the following year minus the C lost from burning and livestock export to estimate C balance. During the growing season, SLS‐H reduced ecosystem C retention compared with UG and IES in 2003 and 2004 (+223, +212, and –669 lb acre–1 for UG, IES and SLS‐H). In 2005, when the stocking rate on the SLS‐H pasture was changed to SLS‐H‐M, C retention was greater than under UG and IES (+107, +89, and +205 lb acre–1 for UG, IES and SLS‐H‐M). We conclude that following stocking at an abusive rate, there is compensatory C retention resulting from greater nutrient and water availability.
Optimization of the Coagulation–Flocculation Process for Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Gökçek Öznur Begüm , Özdemir Safiye 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSlaughterhouse wastewater is one of the main sources of environmental pollutants, containing a high amount of organic matter (chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)), total nitrogen (TN), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), grease, and oil. The main aim of the present research is optimizing the coagulation–flocculation process and examining the effects of experimental factors with each other, for example, pH, the concentration of two different coagulants (FeCl3 and alum), rapid mixing rate, and settling time. Therefore, it is aimed to treat slaughterhouse wastewater using the coagulation–flocculation process with the optimization of the response surface methodology (RSM). COD, turbidity, and suspended solids (SS) of the treated wastewater are chosen as the response variables. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for three responses are acquired by employing the desirability function approach. When the experimental results of two coagulants are compared, it is observed that the alum coagulant gave better results for the three responses. The alum coagulant utilized in the present research is able to increase COD, SS, and turbidity removal efficiency by 75.25%, 90.16%, and 91.18%, respectively. It is possible to optimize coagulation–flocculation by utilizing the RSM analysis, which proves that coagulation can pre‐treat slaughterhouse wastewater.
Joint multilabel classification and feature selection based on deep canonical correlation analysis
Authors: Dai Liang , Du Guodong , Zhang Jia , Li Candong , Wei Rong , Li Shaozi 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn recent years, multilabel learning has been applied to a lot of application areas and is yet a challenging task. In multilabel learning, an instance often belongs to multiple class labels simultaneously. The labels usually have correlations with others, and mining label correlations is helpful to enhance the multilabel classification performance. Aiming at increasing the accuracy of prediction, Label embedding (LE) is an important technique, and conducive to extracting label information for multilabel learning. In this paper, we present a novel multilabel learning approach via exploiting label correlations, which can be naturally extended to tackle feature selection problem. First, to obtain the discriminative features shared by all labels, the proposed algorithm learns a latent space by employing deep canonical correlation analysis. Then we exploit label correlations by enforcing predictions on similar labels to be similar, thereby improving the prediction performance. Results on several multiple datasets illustrate that the proposed algorithm has the advantages on multilabel classification and feature selection.
A parallel approach for detecting OpenFlow rule anomalies based on a general formalism
Authors: Aryan Ramtin , Yazidi Anis , Kure Øivind , Einar Engelstad Paal 
Published: June 2020

SummaryAs the policies of a software‐defined networking (SDN) network can be updated dynamically and often at a high pace, conflicts between policies can easily occur. Due to the large number of switches and heterogeneous policies within a typical SDN network, detecting those conflicts is a laborious and challenging task. This article presents three main contributions. First, we devise an offline method for detecting unmatched OpenFlow rules, that is, rules that are never fired. In our taxonomy such anomalies can stem from eitherinvalidorirrelevantunmatched rules. Second, we introduce a new set of definitions for the intraanomalies between rules in the same table, which might occur when using themultiactionfeature of an OpenFlow rule. Third, our detection method has been enhanced to support parallel execution, which makes it a viable solution for troubleshooting large‐scale networks. We provide some comprehensive experimental results based on both synthetic and real‐life setup the synthetic set up is designed in such a way that the rule matching takes place in the last rules of the switch and thus putting more stress on the rule detection process. The parallel method is shown to outperform the single‐threaded checking method by order of magnitude up to 21.
A compact four‐element MIMO antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/satellite applications
Authors: Mohammad Saadh A.W. , Khangarot Shashank , Sravan B.V. , Aluru Namratha , Ramaswamy Poonkuzhali , Ali Tanweer , Pai Manohara M.M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a four‐element wideband monopole MIMO antenna. Initially, a single‐element wideband CPW‐fed antenna is designed operating in the range of 4.30 to 6.45 GHz. Using this design, an approach towards MIMO structure is studied. A two‐element structure is designed keeping them adjacent to each other, and the isolation between the antennas is observed. After which, a four‐element structure is designed having the best orientation in order to achieve good isolation between the antenna elements. The proposed antenna configuration has four identical CPW‐fed elements. The proposed configuration has a fractional bandwidth of 40.27% and has a simulated peak gain of 5.5 dBi. This antenna is intended to be used for WLAN, WiMAX, and satellite bands of range corresponding to 4.70–6.19, 5.5–5.7, and 5–6 GHz. All the necessary antenna simulations are simulated using Ansys HFSS and verified on NI AWR Design Environment. The fabricated model of the proposed design is measured for its performance parameters and validated.
Lack of conspicuous sex‐biased dispersal patterns at different spatial scales in an Asian endemic goose species breeding in unpredictable steppe wetlands
Authors: Zhu Qin , Damba Iderbat , Zhao Qingshan , Yi Kunpeng , Batbayar Nyambayar , Natsagdorj Tseveenmyadag , Davaasuren Batmunkh , Wang Xin , Rozenfeld Sonia , Moriguchi Sachiko , Zhan Aibin , Cao Lei , Fox Anthony D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDispersal affects the spatial distribution and population structure of species. Dispersal is often male‐biased in mammals while female‐biased in birds, with the notable exception of the Anatidae. In this study, we tested genetic evidence for sex‐biased dispersal (SBD) in the Swan Goose Anser cygnoides, an Asian endemic and IUCN vulnerable species, which has been increasingly restricted to breeding on Mongolian steppe wetlands. We analyzed the genotypes of 278 Swan Geese samples from 14 locations at 14 microsatellite loci. Results from assignment indices, analysis of molecular variance, and five other population descriptors all failed to support significant SBD signals for the Swan Goose at the landscape level. Although overall results showed significantly high relatedness within colonies (suggesting high levels of philopatry in both sexes), local male genetic structure at the 1,050 km distance indicated greater dispersal distance for females from the eastern sector of the breeding range. Hence, local dispersal is likely scale‐dependent and female‐biased within the eastern breeding range. These findings are intriguing considering the prevailing expectation for there to be female fidelity in most goose species. We suggest that while behavior‐related traits may have facilitated the local genetic structure for the Swan Goose, several extrinsic factors, including the decreasing availability of the nesting sites and the severe fragmentation of breeding habitats, could have contributed to the absence of SBD at the landscape level. The long‐distance molt migration that is typical of goose species such as the Swan Goose may also have hampered our ability to detect SBD. Hence, we urge further genetic sampling from other areas in summer to extend our results, complemented by field observations to confirm our DNA analysis conclusions about sex‐specific dispersal patterns at different spatial scales in this species.
Allelopathy and its coevolutionary implications between native and non‐native neighbors of invasive Cynara cardunculus L.
Authors: Uddin Md. Nazim , Asaeda Takashi , Shampa Shahana H. , Robinson Randall W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInvasive plants apply new selection pressures on neighbor plant species by different means including allelopathy. Recent evidence shows allelopathy functions as remarkably influential mediator for invaders to be successful in their invaded range. However, few studies have determined whether native and non‐native species co‐occurring with invaders have evolved tolerance to allelopathy. In this study, we conducted germination and growth experiments to evaluate whether co‐occurring native Juncus pallidus and non‐native Lolium rigidum species may evolve tolerance to the allelochemicals induced by Cyanara cardunculus in Australian agricultural fields. The test species were germinated and grown in pots filled with collected invaded and uninvaded rhizosphere soil of C. cardunculus with and without activated carbon (AC). Additionally, a separate experiment was done to differentiate the direct effects of AC on the test species. The soil properties showed invaded rhizosphere soils had higher total phenolic and lower pH compared with uninvaded soils. We found significant reduction of germination percentage and seedling growth in terms of above‐ and belowground biomass, and maximum plant height and root length of native in the invaded rhizosphere soil of C. cardunculus, but little effect on non‐native grass species. Even soil manipulated with AC showed no significant differences in the measured parameters of non‐native except aboveground biomass. Taken together, the results indicate allelochemicals induced by C. cardunculus exert more suppressive effects on native than non‐native linking the coevolved tolerance of those.
Genetic differentiation between two varieties ofOreocharis benthamii(Gesneriaceae) in sympatric and allopatric regions
Authors: Fu Qiong , Lu Guo‐Hui , Fu Yu‐Hui , Wang Ying‐Qiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe pattern of genetic differentiation between diverging species receives much attention as one of the key observable features of speciation. It has often been suggested that introgression between closely related species occurs commonly where their distributions overlap, leading to their becoming more morphologically and genetically similar, but there are a few opposite results. However, most of these studies have been carried out with animals and separate species; few have looked at intraspecific cases, especially in plants. Here, we conduct a comparative study on patterns of genetic differentiation among populations of two varieties ofOreocharis benthamiiin allopatry and sympatry based on ISSR data for 754 individuals from 26 populations, in order to understand the processes leading to speciation. Contrary to expectations, the facultative xenogamy (mixed mating) speciesO. benthamiihas a relatively low genetic diversity within populations (H = 0.1014,I = 0.1528) and high genetic differentiation among populations (GST = 0.5867, ФST = 0.659), as is typically found for selfing species. Genetic variance between the two varieties in sympatric populations (44%, ФST = 0.444) is significantly more than that in allopatric populations (14%, ФST = 0.138). Consistent with the taxonomical delimitation of the two varieties, all sampled individuals ofO. benthamiiclustered into two genetic groups. Moreover, the genetic structures of populations of both varieties are correlated with their different geographical origins. Our studies show that significant divergence between sympatric populations of the two varieties could be attributed primarily to reinforcement by genetic divergent selection in sympatry where secondary contact had occurred. The major proportion of the genetic variation in outcrossing and mixed mating plants may exist among populations when the populations are distributed in fragmented habitats, due to the paucity of suitable habitat combined with inefficient seed dispersal mechanism and limited pollinator foraging area that may limit the gene flow.
Examining what factors mediate treatment effect in chronic low back pain: A mediation analysis of a Cognitive Functional Therapy clinical trial
Authors: O’Neill Aoife , O’Sullivan Kieran , O’Sullivan Peter , Purtill Helen , O’Keeffe Mary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) is a physiotherapist‐led individualized intervention for people with people with non‐specific chronic low back pain (CLBP), involving biopsychosocial pain education, graded movement exposure and lifestyle coaching.MethodsA multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 206 participants with CLBP in Ireland, supported CFT’s effectiveness for reducing disability, but not pain, compared to a group exercise and education intervention. In this study, causal mediation analysis was used to determine whether the effect of CFT on disability and the lack of effect on pain (relative to a group exercise and education intervention) is mediated by certain psychological and lifestyle factors. Hypothesized mediators measured were pain self‐efficacy, stress, fear of physical activity, coping, depression, anxiety and sleep, at 6 months. The outcomes measured were functional disability and pain intensity at 12 months.ResultsThis causal mediation study shows that the majority of benefit of CFT (relative to a group exercise and education intervention) for disability is due to increasing pain self‐efficacy.ConclusionConclusion: CFT did not improve the majority of the hypothesized mediators (stress, fear of physical activity, coping, depression, anxiety and sleep) and these mediators were not associated with either disability or pain. Unfortunately, the proportion of missing data in this study is substantial and these findings can only be considered hypothesis‐generating. Therefore, future research should examine replicating the results of this study to verify the role of self‐efficacy and other proposed mediators (e.g. stress, coping, sleep, fear) on clinical outcomes.Significance

An exploration of seven potential mediators was undertaken to determine the effect of Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) on disability and pain intensity in individuals with chronic low back pain compared to a group exercise and education intervention.

CFT improved pain self‐efficacy, which was associated with disability and pain outcomes. CFT did not improve the other six potential mediators (stress, fear of physical activity, coping, depression, anxiety and sleep) and these were not associated with disability or pain.

The proportion of missing data in this study is substantial and these findings should be considered hypothesis‐generating only.
Battery pack recycling challenges for the year 2030: Recommended solutions based on intelligent robotics for safe and efficient disassembly, residual energy detection, and secondary utilization
Authors: Zhou Lin , Garg Akhil , Zheng Jun , Gao Liang , Oh Ki‐Yong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWith the increasing use of batteries, battery recycling would become a considerable problem in the next decade. However, the current recycling technologies are still on the stage of research and development. A significant challenge in the traditional recycling method is that the recovery procedure relies heavily on manual work. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent, automatic or semi‐automatic framework for rapid disassembly and efficient recovery of retired batteries. In this study, the key research problems during the battery recycling process were identified first. The main recycling process was divided into three parts: automatic disassemble process, residual energy detection, and second utilization as well as chemical recycling. Based on the above research gaps, a qualitative framework of UR5 robots for safe and fast battery recycling, residual energy detection, and secondary utilization of retired batteries was proposed. The framework includes a battery position and shape measurement system based on machine vision, an automatic battery removal system based on UR5 industrial robot, a battery residual energy detection, and classification system. Furthermore, a real case study of battery pack recycling was carried out based on manual work and automatic robot work. The results show that the proposed recycling framework can work efficiently compared with the traditional recycling method. Moreover, the future perspectives of battery recycling are summarized.
Greener pathway toward the synthesis of lichen‐based ZnO@TiO2@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites and investigation of their biological activities
Authors: Abdullah Shorish M. , Kolo Kamal , Sajadi S. Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA green way is introduced to biosynthesis of ZnO@TiO2@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites using the bioactive potential of Lecanora muralis (LM) lichen. UV‐Vis spectroscopy and GC–Mass analysis of the lichen show the presence of various bioactive constituents inside the lichen aqueous extract. The XRD, SEM, EDS, and elemental mapping techniques revealed the well fabrication of biosynthesized nanostructures. Also, investigation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of nanostructures demonstrated that green synthesized nanostructures have a very good antibacterial ability against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Candida spp. pathogenic bacteria, and fungi but no antifungal activity toward the Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus terrus fungi species.
Gut microbiota is involved in the alleviation of loperamide‐induced constipation by honey supplementation in mice
Authors: Li Yuyuan , Long Shangqin , Liu Qiaochu , Ma Hong , Li Jianxin , Xiaoqing Wei , Yuan Jieli , Li Ming , Hou Binbin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractConstipation is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders accompanied with intestinal dysbiosis. Laxatives for constipation usually have side effects. Bee honey is a natural food with unique composition, antimicrobial properties, and bifidogenic effect. In order to assess whether honey can ameliorate loperamide‐induced constipation in BALB/c mice through the alteration of the gut microbiota, the present study was undertaken. Mice were given Jarrah honey (7.5 g/kg body weight) by gavage once per day for 5 days. Fecal water content, intestinal transit rate together with the colon concentrations of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT) were evaluated. Furthermore, we determined the effect of honey treatment on gut microbiota in mice using stool genomic 16S rRNA sequencing. As a result, honey showed an obvious improvement in fecal water content and alleviated constipation by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Desulfovibrio. In addition, we found that the colon level of neurotransmitters SP and VIP was significantly related to microbial variations. Our results indicate that gut microbiota is involved in the alleviation of loperamide‐induced constipation by honey supplementation in mice, and it could be considered as an evaluating parameter in constipation therapy strategies.