bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transosseous versus transmuscular repair of the posterior soft tissue in primary hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Changjiao , Zhang Xiaofei , Ma Qi , Du Ruiyong , Cai Xu , Yang Huadong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring the posterior approach, it has been shown that a significant reduction in dislocation rate can be achieved with the repair of the posterior soft tissue. However, no consensus exists about the best way to perform this repair. This review aimed to compare the transosseous with transmuscular repair of the posterior soft tissue in total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsWe conducted a meta-analysis to identify studies involving transosseous versus transmuscular repair of the posterior soft tissue in THA in electronic databases, including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Cochrane Library, Highwire, CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database, up to July 2020. Finally, we identified 1417 patients (1481 hips) assessed in seven studies.ResultsCompared with transmuscular repair, transosseous repair resulted in less incidence of dislocation (P= 0.003), less blood loss during operation (P< 0.00001) and lower VAS score within 3 months (P= 0.02). There were no significant differences in terms of trochanteric fracture rate (P= 0.56), Harris hip score at 3 months (P= 0.35) and 6 months (P= 0.89), VAS score within 6 months (P= 0.53), and operation time (P= 0.70) between two groups.ConclusionThe lower dislocation rate, less blood loss, and lower VAS scores after operation supported transosseous repair's superiority to transmuscular repair. Besides, no additional medical cost and operating time were associated with transosseous repair compared with transmuscular repair. Hence, we recommend that transosseous repair be chosen first by orthopedists when performing reconstruction of the posterior soft tissue in THA via a posterolateral approach. Given the relevant possible biases in our meta-analysis, we required more adequately powered and better-designed RCT studies with long-term follow-up to reach a firmer conclusion.
Alpha-amylase 1A copy number variants and the association with memory performance and Alzheimer’s dementia
Authors:   The Netherlands Brain Bank, Byman Elin , Nägga Katarina , Gustavsson Anna-Märta , Andersson-Assarsson Johanna , Hansson Oskar , Sonestedt Emily , Wennström Malin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that copy number variation (CNV) in the alpha (α)-amylase gene (AMY1A) is associated with body mass index, insulin resistance, and blood glucose levels, factors also shown to increase the risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). We have previously demonstrated the presence of α-amylase in healthy neuronal dendritic spines and a reduction of the same in AD patients. In the current study, we investigate the relationship between AMY1A copy number and AD, memory performance, and brain α-amylase activity.

Methods and materials
The association between AMY1A copy number and development of AD was analyzed in 5422 individuals (mean age at baseline 57.5 ± 5.9, females 58.2%) from the Malmö diet and cancer study genotyped for AMY1A copy number, whereof 247 where diagnosed with AD during a mean follow-up of 20 years. Associations between AMY1A copy number and cognitive performance where analyzed in 791 individuals (mean age at baseline 54.7 ± 6.3, females 63%), who performed Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Correlation analysis between α-amylase activity or α-amylase gene expression and AMY1A copy number in post-mortem hippocampal tissue from on demented controls (n = 8) and AD patients (n = 10) was also performed.

Results
Individuals with very high ( ≥10) AMY1A copy number had a significantly lower hazard ratio of AD (HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.41–0.94) and performed significantly better on MoCA delayed word recall test, compared to the reference group with AMY1A copy number 6. A trend to lower hazard ratio of AD was also found among individuals with low AMY1A copy number (1–5) (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.53–1.02). A tendency towards a positive correlation between brain α-amylase activity and AMY1A copy number was found, and females showed higher brain α-amylase activity compared to males.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that the degree of α-amylase activity in the brain is affected by AMY1A copy number and gender, in addition to AD pathology. The study further suggests that very high AMY1A copy number is associated with a decreased hazard ratio of AD and we speculate that this effect is mediated via a beneficial impact of AMY1A copy number on episodic memory performance.
Intimal angiosarcoma of the thoracic aorta diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: a case report
Authors: Fernández-Trujillo Liliana , Buenaventura Daisy C. , Sua Luz F. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Primary malignant tumors of the aorta are extremely rare. They are frequently located in the abdominal aorta, followed by the thoracic aorta. Sarcomas are the most common histological type. These tumors originate from the middle or intimal layer, the latter being the most common. Symptoms and radiological findings are generally nonspecific. Since their growth is endovascular, embolic phenomena can occur leading to occlusive signs and symptoms.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 75-year-old Hispanic man, a former tobacco smoker, with a history of pain and epigastric tenderness, dysphagia, and weight loss of approximately 6 kg. A thorax computed tomography scan showed a mass within the posterior mediastinum with poorly defined borders and heterogeneous density, located between thoracic vertebra 5–8, with a size of 78 × 53 × 76 mm, with left main bronchus compression. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration was performed; it found an extrinsic posterior compression of the left main bronchus with no endobronchial injury. An intimal angiosarcoma of the thoracic aorta was diagnosed.

Conclusion
Tumors of the aorta are rare and difficult to diagnose; they are a challenge during the diagnosis, since they usually require open surgical procedures. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration associated with rapid on-site examination offered, in this case, the possibility of a successful diagnosis, avoiding major procedures. This is the first case reported in the literature of an intimal angiosarcoma of the thoracic aorta diagnosed using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.
Anticancer activity of benzoxazole derivative (2015 onwards): a review
Authors: Ghoshal Tanay , Patel Tarun M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
According to the report published recently by the World Health Organization, the number of cancer cases in the world will increase to 22 million by 2030. So the anticancer drug research and development is taking place in the direction where the new entities are developed which are low in toxicity and are with improved activity. Benzoxazole and its derivative represent a very important class of heterocyclic compounds, which have a diverse therapeutic area. Recently, many active compounds synthesized are very effective; natural products isolated with benzoxazole moiety have also shown to be potent towards cancer.

Main text
In the last few years, many research groups have designed and developed many novel compounds with benzoxazole as their backbone and checked their anticancer activity. In the review article, the recent developments (mostly after 2015) made in the direction of design and synthesis of new scaffolds with very potent anticancer activity are briefly described. The effect of various heterocycles attached to the benzoxazole and their effect on the anticancer activity are thoroughly studied and recorded in the review.

Conclusion
These compiled data in the article will surely update the scientific community with the recent development in this area and will provide direction for further research in this area.
Potential impact of biocide adaptation on selection of antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates
Authors: Elekhnawy Engy , Sonbol Fatma , Abdelaziz Ahmed , Elbanna Tarek 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacterial isolates has increased worldwide leading to treatment failures.

Main body
Many concerns are being raised about the usage of biocidal products (including disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives) as a vital factor that contributes to the risk of development of antimicrobial resistance which has many environmental and economic impacts.

Conclusion
Consequently, it is important to recognize the different types of currently used biocides, their mechanisms of action, and their potential impact to develop cross-resistance and co-resistance to various antibiotics. The use of biocides in medical or industrial purposes should be monitored and regulated. In addition, new agents with biocidal activity should be investigated from new sources like phytochemicals in order to decrease the emergence of resistance among bacterial isolates.
The role of factors associated with the course of pregnancy and childbirth in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Lipińska Elżbieta , Słopień Agnieszka , Pytlińska Natalia , Słopień Radosław , Wolańczyk Tomasz , Bryńska Anita 
Published: November 2020

Cel pracyOcena częstości występowania czynników ryzyka związanych z przebiegiem ciąży i porodu oraz ze stanem dziecka po porodzie, w grupie dzieci i młodzieży z ADHD i grupie kontrolnej.Metoda205 niespokrewnionych dzieci i młodzieży z rozpoznaniem ADHD oraz 106 uczniów szkół podstawowych i ponadpodstawowych, w wieku 7-17 lat. Matki dzieci i młodzieży z rozpoznaniem ADHD oraz z grupy kontrolnej zostały poproszone o udzielenie wywiadu w celu uzyskania danych do uzupełnienia Kwestionariusza wywiadu ciążowo-okołoporodowego.WynikiIstotne statystycznie różnice (p<0,05) wykazano dla częstości występowania takich czynników ryzyka jak: występowanie u matki w I/II trymestrze ciąży chorób oraz innych problemów, narażenie matki przez cały czas trwania ciąży na stres oraz przyjmowanie przez nią leków, palenie przez matkę papierosów w czasie ciąży, wiek matki w chwili porodu <25 r.ż lub > 35 r.ż., zastosowanie substancji redukujących ból porodowy oraz występowanie problemów z dzieckiem w czasie porodu, uzyskanie przez noworodka wyniku w skali Apgar w przedziale 5-7 pkt., występowanie u noworodka po porodzie żółtaczki wymagającej leczenia, zwłaszcza przy pomocy transfuzji wymiennej, anomalii fizycznych/problemów wrodzonych, a także problemów adaptacyjnych wymagających podania tlenu lub umieszczenia w inkubatorze.WnioskiIstotnie częstsze występowanie w grupie ADHD w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną czynników ryzyka związanych z przebiegiem ciąży, porodu oraz ze stanem dziecka po porodzie, może świadczyć o ich potencjalnej roli w etiologii ADHD.
Qualitative analysis of the health promotion work in a Academia da Saúde programme's unit
Authors: Ferreira Heidi Jancer , Kirk David , Janotta Drigo Alexandre 
Published: November 2020

The Academia da Saúde programme has been considered an important health promotion strategy in the scope of primary health care in Brazil. However, there is little evidence on what and how professional practices have been developed as a means to enact health promotion processes in the programme. The study´s purpose was to analyse the health promotion work in a Academia da Saúde programme´s unit from Lajeado city, Brazil. The study employed a qualitative approach and grounded theory research method. Participants included a female Health and Physical Education professional (aged 32y), a female health centre coordinator (aged 41y) and eight users (2 men, 6 women, aged 30-69y). Data were collected through condensed fieldwork, involving interviews and non-participant observation of group sessions. Using salutonegesis theory, qualitative analysis generated key findings on the elements of the health promotion work, namely: holistic care, use of diversification into cognitive, psychosocial and physical activities, development of skills and capacities that served as health resources, and the occurrence of resistance and challenges in the programme. Furthermore, the findings offered practical examples of possibilities to enact health promotion process, which represents a significant contribution to knowledge on health work. The study may support both future interventions and professional education, indicating alternative pathways for practitioners and undergraduate students to widen the scope of health promotion actions beyond the biophysical dimension.
The Hidden Curriculum and Classroom Procedure: Informed Personal Views of Teachers
Authors: Boadu Kankam , Boadu Gideon , Nyame Gloria 
Published: November 2020

The study examined how teachers perceived the hidden curriculum. A sample size of twenty teachers was purposively selected and involved in the study. Data were collected through interviews, and the emerging themes formed the focus of the analyses. The study found that teachers possessed a good understanding of the hidden curriculum and its features. Again, teachers perceived the hidden curriculum as important to the teaching and learning process. It was also observed that due attention should be given to its uses. It was concluded that teachers perceived the hidden curriculum positively as it matters to effective teaching and learning.
Body Composition in Elite Strongman Competitors
Authors: Kraemer William J. , Caldwell Lydia K. , Post Emily M. , DuPont William H. , Martini Emily R. , Ratamess Nicholas A. , Szivak Tunde K. , Shurley Jason P. , Beeler Matthew K. , Volek Jeff S. , Maresh Carl M. , Todd Janice S. , Walrod Bryant J. , Hyde Parker N. , Fairman Ciaran , Best Thomas M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Kraemer, WJ, Caldwell, LK, Post, EM, DuPont, WH, Martini, ER, Ratamess, NA, Szivak, TK, Shurley, JP, Beeler, MK, Volek, JS, Maresh, CM, Todd, JS, Walrod, BJ, Hyde, PN, Fairman, C, and Best, TM. Body composition in elite strongman competitors. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3326–3330, 2020—The purpose of this descriptive investigation was to characterize a group of elite strongman competitors to document the body composition of this unique population of strength athletes. Data were collected from eligible competitors as part of a health screening program conducted over 5 consecutive years. Imaging was acquired using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), providing total body measures of fat mass, lean mass, and bone mineral content (BMC). Year to year, testing groups showed a homogenous grouping of anthropometric, body composition, and bone density metrics. Composite averages were calculated to provide an anthropometric profile of the elite strongman competitor (N = 18; mean ± SD): age, 33.0 ± 5.2 years; body height, 187.4 ± 7.1 cm; body mass, 152.9 ± 19.3 kg; body mass index, 43.5 ± 4.8 kg·m−2; fat mass, 30.9 ± 11.1 kg; lean mass, 118.0 ± 11.7 kg, body fat, 18.7 ± 6.2%, total BMC, 5.23 ± 0.41 kg, and bone mineral density, 1.78 ± 0.14 g·cm−2. These data demonstrate that elite strongman competitors are among the largest human male athletes, and in some cases, they are at the extreme limits reported for body size and structure. Elite strongman competitors undergo a high degree of mechanical stress, providing further insight into the potent role of physical training in mediating structural remodeling even into adulthood. Such data provide a glimpse into a unique group of competitive athletes pushing the limits not only of human performance but also of human physiology.
Tenosinovitis de De Quervain: nueva plástica de aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal
Authors: Valle Pablo , Cervigni Fernando , Racca Marcelo , Frutos Laura , Grasso Belén 
Published: November 2020

Objetivos: Determinar la viabilidad anatómica del aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal y comunicar la experiencia clínica de esta nueva técnica comparada con la liberación clásica.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio anatómico de 12 muñecas cadavéricas para comprobar el aumento del continente del primer compartimento y su relación con la rama sensitiva radial. Estudio clínico retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes >18 años, sin cirugías previas, con tenosinovitis de De Quervain sin respuesta al tratamiento ortopédico, operados entre enero de 2014 y enero de 2019, y con un seguimiento mínimo de 12 meses. Veintidós pacientes fueron divididos en: grupo A (aumento) y grupo B (liberación simple). La edad promedio era 47 (grupo A) y 50 años (grupo B). La evaluación subjetiva incluyó la escala analógica visual para dolor, el puntaje QuickDASH y el cuestionario de satisfacción PSQ-18; el examen objetivo consistió en evaluaciones goniométrica y dinamométrica.
Resultados: El estudio anatómico demostró un aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal y una íntima relación con la rama sensitiva radial. El seguimiento promedio del estudio clínico fue 24 y 50 meses, en los grupos A y B, respectivamente. El puntaje promedio de la escala analógica visual para dolor fue 0,5/10 (grupo A) y 1/10 (grupo B). El índice de satisfacción fue del 97% en ambos grupos. El puntaje QuickDASH, las evaluaciones goniométrica y dinamométrica no arrojaron diferencias significativas.
Conclusión: La nueva plástica de aumento del continente del primer compartimento dorsal para tratar la tenosinovitis de De Quervain en este estudio anatomoclínico resultó eficaz y reproducible.
Palabras clave: Tenosinovitis de De Quervain; aumento; primer compartimento; rama sensitiva radial.Nivel de Evidencia: III
A Bruta Animalia Latin Fordításai: Antonio Cassarino És Lampugnino Birago
Authors: Gaál Balázs 
Published: November 2020

Plutarchos Bruta animalia ratione uti című eleven dialógusából három latin fordítás is készült a XV. század folyamán, melyek csak kéziratban maradtak fenn. Hogy a fordítások belső viszonyait felfedjük, a kézirati szövegek mélyreható elemzésére van szükség. Egy korábbi tanulmányunkban feldolgoztuk Giovanni Regio időben legkésőbbi fordítását (1488), kimutatva azokat a szálakat, amelyek elődje, a milánói Lampugnino Birago fordításához (1465–1470 körül) fűzik. Most a szicíliai Antonio Cassarino legkorábban készült fordításának (1440–1445 körül) a vizsgálatát kívánjuk elvégezni párhuzamosan utódja, Lampugnino Birago negyed évszázaddal későbbi fordításával, hogy összehasonlítsuk módszerüket és stíluseszközeiket. A két fordító megközelítése között lényeges különbség ﬁgyelhető meg. Míg Cassarino a humanista fordításeszményt követve „értelem szerinti” (ad sententiam) fordításra törekszik, addig Birago inkább a „szó szerinti” (ad verbum) fordítás követelményének tesz eleget. A fordításelmélet általános kérdései mellett tárgyaljuk a latin fordítások kézirati hagyományának, görög forrásszövegének, valamint szóhasználatának problémáját.Plutarch’s lively dialogue Bruta animalia ratione uti was translated in the course of the 15th century by three diﬀerent persons whose works are only extant in manuscripts. For establishing the connections between these translations a thorough study of the texts of the codices is needed. In a previous article, we have dealt with Giovanni Regio’s translation, which is the latest in time (1488), and found traces of the latter’s dependence from the translation of the Milanese Lampugnino Birago (c. 1465–1470). The aim of the present paper is to inquire into the text of the earliest translation by the Sicilian Antonio Cassarino (c. 1440–1445) in parallel with the text of Lampugnino Birago’s translation which followed it after two and a half decades. The diﬀerent translation methods and devices used by the translators provide ample space for comparison. Whereas Cassarino’s approach is more in keeping with the humanist ideal of ‘translation by sense’ (ad sententiam), Birago as a rule follows a principle of ‘translation by word’ (ad verbum), keeping close to the letter. Beyond the questions of translation theory in general problems relating to the textual tradition of the Latin codices, the possible Greek sources of the translations, and a number of lexical matters are discussed.
Treatment outcomes of a CBT-based group intervention for adolescents with Internet use disorders
Authors: Szász-Janocha Carolin , Vonderlin Eva , Lindenberg Katajun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsInstances of Internet use disorders (IUD) including Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and non-gaming pathological Internet use (ng-PIU) have the extent that they are now a growing mental health issue. Individuals suffering from IUD show a large range of symptoms, high comorbidities and impairments in different areas of life. To date there is a lack of efficient and evidence-based treatment programs for such adolescents. The present registered single-arm trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03582839) aimed to investigate the long-term effects of a brief manualized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program for adolescents with IUD.MethodsN = 54 patients (16.7% female), aged 9–19 years (M = 13.48, SD = 1.72) received the CBT group program PROTECT+. IUD symptom severity (primary outcome variable) as well as comorbid symptoms, risk-related variables and potentially protective skills (secondary outcome variables) were assessed at pretest, posttest, as well as 4 and 12 months after admission.ResultsPatients showed a significant reduction in IUD symptom severity at the 12-month follow-up. Effect sizes were medium to large depending on the measure. Beyond the statistical significance, the clinical significance was confirmed using the reliable change index. Secondary outcome variables showed a significant reduction in self-reported depression, social anxiety, performance anxiety and school anxiety as well as in parental-reported general psychopathology.Discussion and conclusionsThe present study shows long-term effects of a manual-based CBT treatment for adolescents suffering from IUD. The results indicate that even a 4-session brief intervention can achieve a medium to large effect over 12 months. Future work is needed to confirm the efficacy within a randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Substitute addictions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sinclair Deborah Louise , Vanderplasschen Wouter , Savahl Shazly , Florence Maria , Best David , Sussman Steve 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe global spread of COVID-19, subsequent stay-at-home requirements, spatial distancing measures, and long-term isolation present additional challenges for persons in recovery. Using an illustrative case from South Africa, we discuss COVID-19 related pornography use through the lens of relapse and substitute addiction. South Africa is the epicenter of the pandemic in Africa, and has issued an alcohol and cigarette ban. Historical examples suggest that responses to forced abstinence may include compliance and abstinence, but also seeking alternatives to the original addiction and substitution. Substitution of alternative activities/objects may provide similar appetitive effects to fill the void of the terminated addictive behavior, temporarily or in the long-term. While substitutes do not necessarily portend a relapse, coupled with isolation and reduced recovery support, they can potentiate relapse to the former or ‘new’ addictive behavior. Addiction professionals should be aware of the potential for such negative impacts during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.