bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First interchromosomal insertion in a patient with cerebral and spinal cavernous malformations
Authors: Pilz Robin A. , Schwefel Konrad , Weise Anja , Liehr Thomas , Demmer Philipp , Spuler Andreas , Spiegler Stefanie , Gilberg Eberhard , Hübner Christian A. , Felbor Ute , Rath Matthias 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAutosomal dominant cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are leaky vascular lesions that can cause epileptic seizures and stroke-like symptoms. Germline mutations in either CCM1, CCM2 or CCM3 are found in the majority of patients with multiple CCMs or a positive family history. Recently, the first copy number neutral inversion in CCM2 has been identified by whole genome sequencing in an apparently mutation-negative CCM family. We here asked the question whether further structural genomic rearrangements can be detected within NGS gene panel data of unsolved CCM cases. Hybrid capture NGS data of eight index patients without a pathogenic single nucleotide, indel or copy number variant were analyzed using two bioinformatics pipelines. In a 58-year-old male with multiple CCMs in his brain and spinal cord, we identified a 294 kb insertion within the coding sequence of CCM2. Fine mapping of the breakpoints, molecular cytogenetic studies, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification verified that the structural variation was an inverted unbalanced insertion that originated from 1p12-p11.2. As this rearrangement disrupts exon 6 of CCM2 on 7p13, it was classified as pathogenic. Our study demonstrates that efforts to detect structural variations in known disease genes increase the diagnostic sensitivity of genetic analyses for well-defined Mendelian disorders.
Prolactin Acts on Myeloid Progenitors to Modulate SMAD7 Expression and Enhance Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation into the NK Cell Lineage
Authors: Tufa Dejene M. , Shank Tyler , Yingst Ashley M. , Trahan George Devon , Shim Seonhui , Lake Jessica , Woods Renee , Jones Kenneth , Verneris Michael R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNumerous cell types modulate hematopoiesis through soluble and membrane bound molecules. Whether developing hematopoietic progenitors of a particular lineage modulate the differentiation of other hematopoietic lineages is largely unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the influence of myeloid progenitors on CD34+cell differentiation into CD56+innate lymphocytes. Sorted CD34+cells cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) give rise to numerous cell types, including progenitors that expressed the prolactin receptor (PRLR). These CD34+PRLR+myeloid-lineage progenitors were derived from granulocyte monocyte precursors (GMPs) and could develop into granulocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)in vitro. Moreover, CD34+PRLR+myeloid progenitors lacked lymphoid developmental potential, but when stimulated with prolactin (PRL) they increased the differentiation of other CD34+cell populations into the NK lineage in a non-contact dependent manner. Both mRNA and protein analyses show that PRL increased mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7) in CD34+PRLR+myeloid cells, which reduced the production of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a cytokine known to inhibit CD56+cell development. Thus, we uncover an axis whereby CD34+PRLR+GMPs inhibit CD56+lineage development through TGF-β1 production and PRL stimulation leads to SMAD7 activation, repression of TGF-β1, resulting in CD56+cell development.
Neuronal LXR Regulates Neuregulin 1 Expression and Sciatic Nerve-Associated Cell Signaling in Western Diet-fed Rodents
Authors: Gavini Chaitanya K. , Bonomo Raiza , Mansuy-Aubert Virginie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNeuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injuries significantly affects sensory perception and quality of life. Accumulating evidence strongly link cholesterol with development and progression of Obesity and Diabetes associated-neuropathies. However, the exact mechanisms of how cholesterol/lipid metabolism in peripheral nervous system (PNS) contributes to the pathogenesis of neuropathy remains poorly understood. Dysregulation of LXR pathways have been identified in many neuropathic models. The cholesterol sensor, LXR α/β, expressed in sensory neurons are necessary for proper peripheral nerve function. Deletion of LXR α/β from sensory neurons lead to pain-like behaviors. In this study, we identified that LXR α/β expressed in sensory neurons regulates neuronal Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1), protein involved in cell-cell communication. Using in vivo cell-specific approaches, we observed that loss of LXR from sensory neurons altered genes in non-neuronal cells located in the sciatic nerve (potentially representing Schwann cells (SC)). Our data suggest that neuronal LXRs may regulate non-neuronal cell function via a Nrg1-dependent mechanism. The decrease in Nrg1 expression in DRG neurons of WD-fed mice may suggest an altered Nrg1-dependent neuron-SC communication in Obesity. The communication between neurons and non-neuronal cells such as SC could be a new biological pathway to study and understand the molecular and cellular mechanism underlying Obesity-associated neuropathy and PNS dysfunction.
Hydrostatic pressure mapping of barium titanate phase transitions with quenched FeRh
Authors: Urban Christian , Bennett Steven P. , Schuller Ivan K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report a pressure study of the metamagnetic/ferroelectric hybrid heterostructure of a quenched FeRh thin film (25 nm) grown on single crystal barium titanate (BTO). It has been previously reported that when the BTO undergoes a crystal transition a massive magnetization and coercivity change is triggered in the highly strain sensitive quenched FeRh thin film. Therefore quenched FeRh makes for an ideal probe for mapping a materials structural phase transitions. In this work we demonstrate this effect as a function of both temperature and hydrostatic pressure. As a result, we present the pressure dependence of the hybrid material which aligns identically with the BTO substrates pressure dependence reported in literature. The concept of combining a structural phase transitional (SPT) material with a magnetostrictive magnetic metal has been shown with vanadium oxides and our findings here prove that this methodology can be extended to strain sensitive metamagnetic materials systems in thin film, and possibly in bulk, heterostructures.
Step-Adsorption of Vanadium (V) and Chromium (VI) in the Leaching Solution with Melamine
Authors: Peng Hao , Shang Qian , Chen Ronghua , Zhang Liuying , Chen Ya , Guo Jing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe vanadium (V) and chromium (VI) was hard to separate directly due to the similar nature. In this paper, separation and recovery of vanadium (V) and chromium (VI) from a leaching solution was investigated by adsorption of vanadium (V) with melamine, followed by electro-reduction of chromium (VI) and adsorption of chromium (III) with melamine, respectively. The effects of experimental parameters including dosage of melamine, reaction temperature and reaction time on the adsorption process were investigated. The results showed that melamine was a good sorbent for adsorption of vanadium (V) and chromium (III). 99.89% of vanadium (V) was adsorbed by melamine at the optimal conditions, the adsorption kinetic was followed the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model. While the adsorption of chromium (III) was followed the pseudo-first-order model and the adsorption isotherm was conformed to the Freundlich model as the adsorption efficiency was 98.63% under optimal conditions.
Altered organization of collagen fibers in the uninvolved human colon mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the malignant tumor
Authors: Despotović Sanja Z. , Milićević Đorđe N. , Krmpot Aleksandar J. , Pavlović Aleksandra M. , Živanović Vladimir D. , Krivokapić Zoran , Pavlović Vladimir B. , Lević Steva , Nikolić Gorana , Rabasović Mihailo D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRemodelling of collagen fibers has been described during every phase of cancer genesis and progression. Changes in morphology and organization of collagen fibers contribute to the formation of microenvironment that favors cancer progression and development of metastasis. However, there are only few data about remodelling of collagen fibers in healthy looking mucosa distant from the cancer. Using SHG imaging, electron microscopy and specialized softwares (CT-FIRE, CurveAlign and FiberFit), we objectively visualized and quantified changes in morphology and organization of collagen fibers and investigated possible causes of collagen remodelling (change in syntheses, degradation and collagen cross-linking) in the colon mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the cancer in comparison with healthy mucosa. We showed that in the lamina propria this far from the colon cancer, there were changes in collagen architecture (width, straightness, alignment of collagen fibers and collagen molecules inside fibers), increased representation of myofibroblasts and increase expression of collagen-remodelling enzymes (LOX and MMP2). Thus, the changes in organization of collagen fibers, which were already described in the cancer microenvironment, also exist in the mucosa far from the cancer, but smaller in magnitude.
Muscle architecture dynamics modulate performance of the superficial anterior temporalis muscle during chewing in capuchins
Authors: Laird Myra F. , Granatosky Michael C. , Taylor Andrea B. , Ross Callum F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractJaw-muscle architecture is a key determinant of jaw movements and bite force. While static length-force and force-velocity relationships are well documented in mammals, architecture dynamics of the chewing muscles and their impact on muscle performance are largely unknown. We provide novel data on how fiber architecture of the superficial anterior temporalis (SAT) varies dynamically during naturalistic feeding in tufted capuchins (Sapajus apella). We collected data on architecture dynamics (changes in muscle shape or the architectural gear ratio) during the gape cycle while subjects fed on foods of different mechanical properties. Architecture of the SAT varied with phases of the gape cycle, but gape distance accounted for the majority of dynamic changes in architecture. In addition, lower gear ratios (low muscle velocity relative to fascicle velocity) were observed when animals chewed on more mechanically resistant foods. At lower gear ratios, fibers rotated less during shortening resulting in smaller pinnation angles, a configuration that favors increased force production. Our results suggest that architectural dynamics may influence jaw-muscle performance by enabling the production of higher bite forces during the occlusal phase of the gape cycle and while processing mechanically challenging foods.
Soil microbial community shifts with long-term of different straw return in wheat-corn rotation system
Authors: Su Yao , Yu Man , Xi Hui , Lv Jinling , Ma Zhenghua , Kou Changlin , Shen Alin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the integral role of the soil microbial community in straw decomposition, we still have a limited understanding of the complex response of microbial community to long-term of crop straw return in rotation system. Here we report on the structural and functional response of the soil bacterial and fungal community to more than 10 years of straw return in wheat-corn rotation system. Compared with single-season straw return, soil microbial phosphor lipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and catabolic activity were improved more greatly with double-season straw return. The relative abundance of bacteria and fungi decreased with double-season straw return, but increased with single-season straw return. The copiotrophic bacteria were more represented in the soils with corn straw return, while oligotrophic groups were more represented in soils with wheat straw return. Compared with wheat straw return, lower fungal community diversity and higher abundance of fungal pathogen (identified to be Leptosphaeria) were observed with corn straw return, especially at high return rates. Redundancy analysis showed that soil available potassium (P = 0.008) and ratio of C to N (P = 0.048) significantly affected the soil bacterial community, while soil electric conductivity (P = 0.04) was the significant factor impacting soil fungal community. It suggests that full corn straw return might have positive impact on soil mineral nutrient but negative impact on soil fungal community diversity and pathogenic risk, mainly due to the change in soil electric conductivity.
Study on the effects of polymer modifiers and phloem girdling on cotton in cadmium-contaminated soil in Xinjiang Province, China
Authors: An MengJie , Wei Changzhou , Wang Kaiyong , Fan Hua , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe effects of two liquid modifiers (polyacrylate compound modifier and organic polymer compound modifier) and phloem girdling (stem girdling and branch girdling) on cadmium (Cd) content, Cd transport, and photosynthetic parameters of cotton (Xinluzao 60) in Cd-contaminated soil (40 mg kg −1) were studied through barrel experiment. The results showed that the distribution ratios of Cd in stem, leaves, and bolls, leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), leaf stomatal conductance (Gs), leaf transpiration rate (Tr), and chlorophyll content were decreased after girdling; and the application of modifiers reduced the Cd content and the Cd transported to the shoot, while alleviating photosynthetic damage caused by girdling. In general, our results indicated that the inhibition of carbohydrate supply caused by girdling reduced the photosynthetic capacity of cotton, while the applications of the two liquid modifiers decrease the influence to cotton photosynthesis. Moreover, Cd and modifiers may be transported to the shoot through both phloem and xylem.
No evidence of spontaneous preference for slowly moving objects in visually naïve chicks
Authors: Lemaire Bastien S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt has been recently reported that young chicks that have received equal exposure to slowly- and fast-rotating objects showed a preference for slowly-rotating objects. This would suggest that visual experience with slowly moving objects is necessary for object recognition in newborns. I attempted to duplicate this finding in newborn chicks using a simple rotating blue cube. No significant preference was found. Using objects similar to the ones used in the previous study (digital embryos), I observed a strong and robust preference for the fast- (not for the slow-) rotating object. To clarify whether the discrepancies with the previous study could be due to the stimuli frame-frequency used (the chicks’ visual system is characterized by high temporal resolution), I repeated the experiments by presenting the stimuli with a lower-frame frequency (from 120 fps to 24 fps). However, similar preferences for the fast-rotating objects were found, this time also for the rotating blue cube. These results suggest a preference for fast-rotating objects that is modulated by the shape and, in part, by the frame-frequency. It remains to be established whether the discrepancies between this study and the previous study can be explained by differences related to strains or artefacts due to the use of monitors with a low-refresh rate.
Effect of short-term high-temperatures on the growth, development and reproduction in the fruit fly, Bactrocera tau (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Huang Yuyu , Gu Xiangpeng , Peng Xiaoqin , Tao Mei , Chen Guohua , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBactrocera tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an economically important invasive pest, that is capable of seriously reducing the quality and yield of vegetables and fruits, it was first recorded from Fujian province in 1849 and later introduced to Yunnan province in 1912 as a result in trade fruits and vegetables of China. In recent years, with the onset of global climate change and the accompanying increase in the greenhouse effect, elevated climatic temperatures have become one of the main environmental factors affecting growth and reproduction in insects, and the optimal developmental temperature of B. tau was found to be from 25 °C to 31 °C, the growth, development and reproduction of B. tau are normal under the optimal temperature conditions. In order to determine the repercussions that elevated temperature have on B. tau, we assessed the effects that short-term (12 h) high-temperature exposures (34 °C, 36 °C, 38 °C, 40 °C, 42 °C, 44 °C, 46 °C, and 48 °C) had on the growth, development and reproduction of B. tau at different developmental stages of the fly. The results showed that the survival rate of B. tau gradually decreased in all stages following exposure to short-term high-temperatures. The pupal stage was the least sensitive to increased temperatures. The pupae withstood the highest lethal temperature, having an LT50 of 42.060 °C, followed by female adults (40.447 °C), male adults (40.013 °C), and larvae (36.740 °C). The egg stage, which was the most susceptible to heat increases, had the lowest LT50 (38.310 °C). No significant effects were observed in the developmental stages of B. tau at temperatures from 24 °C to 38 °C. The development duration was significantly prolonged at 40 °C (P < 0.05) in the eggs (2.830d), larvae (7.330d), and pupae (8.170d) (P < 0.05). B. tau was unable to survive at temperatures above 42 °C. The pre-oviposition of female adults was extended, the average egg number per female showed a downward trend, the longevity of adults gradually shortened, and the ratio of female to male offspring increased as temperature increments were increased. In summary, short-term high-temperatures over 42 °C were not suitable for successful development of B. tau, while short-term high-temperatures over 40 °C were not suitable for successful reproduction in B. tau.
Efficacy of venous access placement at a pre-hospital scene in severe paediatric trauma patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ishihara Tadashi , Kondo Yutaka , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurpose: Aside from severe traumatic brain injury, uncontrolled bleeding and corresponding haemorrhage shock are the leading causes of traumatic deaths. No established recommendations exist about venous access placement for severely injured, bleeding children at a pre-hospital scene. This study sought to evaluate the association between pre-hospital venous access placement and mortality in a paediatric trauma population by analysing the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB). Methods: This epidemiologic study compared the outcomes of severe traumatic paediatric patients with or without venous access placement at a pre-hospital scene. Data were obtained from JTDB from 2004 to 2015. Results: Of 4,109 patients who met our inclusion criteria, 144 patients received venous access placement and 3,965 patients did not. The probability of survival was lower in the venous access group than in the no access group (0.90 [0.67–0.97] vs. 0.97 [0.90–0.99], p < 0.01). After multivariable logistic analysis, venous access placement did not improve survival to hospital discharge (odds ratio = 1.40, confidence interval = 0.32–6.15, p = 0.653). Conclusions: The probability of survival was lower in the venous access group than in the no access group. Survival outcome at discharge was not affected by venous access placement at a pre-hospital scene.
Effect of celecoxib in treatment of burn-induced hypermetabolism
Authors: Zhuang Shubo , Chai Jiake , Liu Lingying , Yin Huinan , Yu Yonghui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of prostanoid biosynthesis. Under pathologic conditions, COX-2 activity can produce reactive oxygen species and toxic prostaglandin metabolites that exacerbate injury and metabolic disturbance. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of Celecoxib (the inhibitor of COX-2) treatment on lipolysis in burn mice.
Methods: One hundred male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into sham group, burn group, celecoxib group, and burn with celecoxib group (25 mice in each group). Thirty percent total body surface area (TBSA) full-thickness injury was made for mice to mimic burn injuries. Volume of oxygen uptake (VO2), volume of carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), energy expenditure (EE), COX-2 and uncoupled protein-1 (UCP-1) expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT) were measured for different groups.
Results: Adipose tissue (AT) activation was associated with the augmentation of mitochondria biogenesis, and UCP-1 expression in isolated iBAT mitochondria. In addition, VO2, VCO2, EE, COX-2, and UCP-1 expression were significantly higher in burn group than in burn with celecoxib group (P&lt;0.05).
Conclusion: BAT plays important roles in burn injury-induced hypermetabolism through its morphological changes and elevating the expression of UCP-1. Celecoxib could improve lipolysis after burn injury.
Dexmedetomidine alleviated neuropathic pain in dorsal root ganglion neurons by inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis activity and enhancement of ROS tolerance
Authors: Liu Peibin , Chen Tufeng , Tan Fang , Tian Jingling , Zheng Lei , Deng Yingqing , Chen Jiaxin , Chi Xinjin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a kind of chronic pain that is triggered or caused primarily by damage to the nervous system and neurological dysfunction. It’s known that dexmedetomidine is a new type of highly selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedation, anti-anxiety, analgesic and other effects. However, the function and mechanism of dexmedetomidine on neuropathic pain are not clear. Rat DRG neurons were isolated and identified using immunofluorescence assay. Following treatment with H2O2, dexmedetomidine or ROS inhibitor (NAC), the apoptosis and ROS levels were examined by flow cytometery; apoptosis- and anaerobic glycolysis-related proteins were determined by Western blot assay; glucose consumption, pyruvic acid, lactic acid and ATP/ADP ratios were also measured. The results revealed that dexmedetomidine inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat DRG neurons and in addition, dexmedetomidine down-regulated the expression levels of anaerobic glycolysis-related proteins, significantly reduced glucose, pyruvic acid and lactic acid levels. It also increased the ATP/ADP ratio in H2O2-treated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Moreover, we also demonstrated that ROS inhibitor (NAC) also inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and anaerobic glycolysis in rat DRG neurons. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine suppressed H2O2-induced apoptosis and anaerobic glycolysis activity by inhibiting ROS, in rat DRG neurons. Therefore, dexmedetomidine might play a pivotal role in neuropathic pain by the inhibition of ROS.