bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of time of day of recreational and household physical activity on prostate and breast cancer risk (MCC‐Spain study)
Authors: Weitzer Jakob , Castaño‐Vinyals Gemma , Aragonés Nuria , Gómez‐Acebo Inés , Guevara Marcela , Amiano Pilar , Martín Vicente , Molina‐Barceló Ana , Alguacil Juan , Moreno Victor , Suarez‐Calleja Claudia , Jiménez‐Moleón José Juan , Marcos‐Gragera Rafael , Papantoniou Kyriaki , Pérez‐Gómez Beatriz , Llorca Javier , Ascunce Nieves , Gil Leire , Gracia‐Lavedan Esther , Casabonne Delphine , Lope Virginia , Pollán Marina , Kogevinas Manolis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExperimental evidence indicates that exercise performed at different times of the day may affect circadian rhythms and circadian disruption has been linked to breast and prostate cancer. We examined in a population‐based case‐control study (MCC‐Spain) if the time‐of‐day when physical activity is done affects prostate and breast cancer risk. Lifetime recreational and household physical activity was assessed by in‐person interviews. Information on time‐of‐day of activity (assessed approximately 3 years after the assessment of lifetime physical activity and confounders) was available for 781 breast cancer cases, 865 population female controls, 504 prostate cases and 645 population male controls from 10 Spanish regions, 2008‐2013. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for different activity timings compared to inactive subjects using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for confounders. Early morning (8‐10 am) activity was associated with a protective effect compared to no physical activity for both breast (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.48‐1.15) and prostate cancer (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.44‐1.20); meta‐OR for the two cancers combined 0.74 (95%CI = 0.53‐1.02). There was no effect observed for breast or prostate cancer for late morning to afternoon activity while a protective effect was also observed for evening activity only for prostate cancer (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.45‐1.24). Protective effects of early morning activity were more pronounced for intermediate/evening chronotypes for both cancers. This is the first population‐based investigation identifying a differential effect of timing of physical activity on cancer risk with more pronounced effects for morning hour activity. Our results, if confirmed, may improve current physical activity recommendations for cancer prevention.
Board of directors' foreign experience and stock price informativeness
Authors: Ullah Farid , Jiang Ping , Shahab Yasir , Zheng Chenyang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigate the impact of board of directors' foreign experience on stock price informativeness from 2008 to 2016 in Chinese A‐share listed firms. The empirical findings suggest that board of directors' foreign experience has a positive and significant impact on stock price informativeness. By analysing the role of external monitoring factors, our results show that board of directors' foreign experience has a positive and significant impact on stock price informativeness in the absence of external monitoring factors such as audit quality, the cross‐listing of firms, and foreign ownership. Our findings are robust to the use of advanced techniques and the inclusion of instrumental variables. Overall, our study supports the resource dependency theory and the substitutional effect on the relationship between board of directors' foreign experience and stock price informativeness.
Dual‐peak long period fiber grating coated with graphene oxide for label‐free and specific assays of H5N1 virus
Authors: Luo Binbin , Liu Zhijiang , Wang Xin , Shi Shenghui , Zhong Nianbing , Ma Peijie , Wu Shengxi , Wu Decao , Zhao Mingfu , Liang Wangwang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAvian influenza is an acute infectious disease caused by the avian influenza virus (AIV), which has caused enormous economic losses and posed considerable threats to public health. This study aimed to demonstrate an immunosensor based on dispersion turning point long‐period fiber grating (DTP‐LPFG) integrated with graphene oxide (GO) for the specific detection of a type of AIV H5N1 virus. LPFG was designed to work at DTP, whose dual‐peak spacing was very high sensitive to a refractive index. Anti‐H5N1 monoclonal antibodies were covalently bonded with the GO film on the fiber surface, thus constructing an immunosensor for the label‐free and specific detection of the H5N1 virus. The proposed method was capable of the reliable detection of H5N1 virus with the limit of detection as low as ~1.05 ng/ml within the large range of 1 ng/mL to 25 µg/mL. More importantly, immunoassays of the whole H5N1 virus in clinical samples further confirmed that the GO‐integrated DTP‐LPFG immunosensor showed very high specificity to the H5N1 virus and demonstrated great potential for clinical use.
Current state of therapeutic apheresis and cellular therapy education for transfusion medicine fellows in the United States
Authors: Pham Huy P. , Tran Minh‐Ha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundNumerous conditions are responsive to therapeutic apheresis (TA) and cellular therapy (CT) treatments. Both TA and CT are two broad and diverse knowledge fields within transfusion medicine (TM). We therefore sought to survey all the TM fellowship program directors (PDs) in the United States to examine the current fellow state education in TA and CT.MethodsA 37‐question survey was sent to all PDs to collect details of TA and CT training for TM fellows.ResultsResponses from 29/51 (56.9%) surveyed programs were received. Most PDs considered TA and CT training for their fellows more than adequate. Two PDs from programs that did not directly oversee TA and CT services at their training sites stated that their program's training in these two areas were only “slightly adequate” or “moderately inadequate.” Detailed analysis of training in TA, cell collection, and CT suggests that trainees from programs with direct oversight of these services had longer training and more learning experiences compared to those in which outside rotations were required.ConclusionsTransfusion medicine fellowship training in TA and CT varies. Most respondents, and particularly those from programs directly overseeing TA services, reported their fellows were adequately prepared in TA. Cellular therapy collections and laboratory operations, however, are less consistent areas of training despite the rapid expansion of these fields. Our survey suggests that a greater emphasis in CT training is needed.
Generalized gradient approximation adjusted to transition metals properties: Key roles of exchange and local spin density
Authors: Vega Lorena , Viñes Francesc 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPerdew‐Burke‐Ernzerhof (PBE) and PBE adapted for solids (PBEsol) are exchange‐correlation (xc) functionals widely used in density functional theory simulations. Their differences are the exchange, μ, and correlation, β, coefficients, causing PBEsol to lose the Local Spin Density (LSD) response. Here, the μ/β two‐dimensional (2D) accuracy landscape is analyzed between PBE and PBEsol xc functional limits for 27 transition metal (TM) bulks, as well as for 81 TM surfaces. Several properties are analyzed, including the shortest interatomic distances, cohesive energies, and bulk moduli for TM bulks, and surface relaxation degree, surface energies, and work functions for TM surfaces. The exploration, comparing the accuracy degree with respect experimental values, reveals that the found xc minimum, called VV, being a PBE variant, represents an improvement of 5% in mean absolute percentage error terms, whereas this improvement reaches ~11% for VVsol, a xc resulting from the restoration of LSD response in PBEsol, and so regarded as its variant.
First report of the spectrum of δ‐globin gene mutations among women of reproductive age in Fujian area—Discrimination of δ‐thalassemia, α‐thalassemia, and Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Chen Meihuan , Huang Hailong , Chen Lingji , Lin Na , Zhang Min , Lin Yuan , Xu Liangpu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLow HbA2 level is an underlying of δ‐thalassemia, α‐thalassemia, and IDA. Interactions of these disorders can generate a wide spectrum of phenotype, which will pose diagnostic conundrum for clinical assessment, carrier screening, and genetic counseling.MethodsSubjects with HbA2 levels below 2.0% with normal or reduced hematological parameters were recruited for further investigation. δ‐globin gene mutations were identified by DNA sequencing of the HBD gene. Serum ferritin (SF) concentration was determined by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The three common deletional α‐thalassemia (‐‐SEA/αα, ‐α3.7/αα, and ‐α4.2/αα) were detected using Gap‐PCR, detection of the point mutations in the three nondeletional α‐thalassemia (αCSα/αα,αQSα/αα,αWSα/αα), and the 17 common β‐thalassemia was performed using reverse dot blot hybridization (RDB).ResultsWe had characterized the δ‐globin gene mutations in 20 cases, revealing a frequency of 0.4% in the women of reproductive age (20/4 792). Two previously known mutations:‐77 T > C and −30 T > C and 3 novel δ‐globin gene defects: −44G > A,CD87C > T, and CD134T > A were found. In the selected cases, we also found 85 cases confirmed with (51.2%,85/166) IDA and 39 cases (23.5%,39/166) with common α‐thalassemia. Subjects with δ‐thalassemia had statistically higher levels of Hb, MCV, and MCH compared with other two groups, whereas statistically lower levels of RDW were seen in δ‐thalassemia group. What's more, statistically higher levels of SF were seen in δ‐thalassemia group, compared with IDA groups.ConclusionWe reported the spectrum of δ‐thalassemia mutations for the first time with the frequency of 0.4% among women of reproductive age in Fujian area and found that −77T > C mutation was the most common mutation, followed by −30T > C mutation. What's more, 3 novel δ‐globin gene defects: −44G > A,CD87C > T and CD134T > A were found. A thorough analysis of the hematological, electrophoretic characterization, and the level of SF was needed to suspect and further investigate the existence of IDA, α‐thalassemia, and δ‐thalassemia.
Young adult trauma symptoms in the context of community violence exposure
Authors: Cole Andrea R. , Jaccard James , Munson Michelle R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsThe primary purpose of this study is to understand how community violence exposure is associated with both common and unique variance characterizing posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms among young adults living in a low‐resourced setting.MethodsData were collected using a cross‐sectional survey design. Participants were recruited from public housing developments in a city in the eastern United States. Participants completed a survey that included questions related to community violence, PTS symptoms, and optimism. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.ResultsWe found a relationship between a generalized PTS response and each of the PTS symptom categories. Experiencing community violence was significantly related to generalized PTS response over and above other traumatic events.ConclusionYoung adults who experience community violence have a general distress response to those experiences, and yet, beyond that general response, there are ways in which each symptom is distinct from a generalized distress reaction.
Anatomy and histology of reproductive system of adult male mint leaf beetle Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Özyurt Koçakoğlu Nurcan , Candan Selami , Güllü Mustafa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, anatomy and histology of the male reproductive system of Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid 1825) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are described and illustrated by using light and scanning electron microscopies. Data from the male gonad of this species provide more extended and precise knowledge regarding the histoanatomical structure of the reproductive system in Chrysomelidae. The male reproductive system in C. herbacea consists of paired bilobed testes, two paired vas efferentia, paired seminal vesicles, paired vas deferentia, paired tubular accessory glands, a ductus ejaculatorius, and an aedeagus. Each testis consists of 40 follicles enveloped in a yellow pigmented sheath. In the light and scanning electron microscope examinations of male reproductive system of C. herbacea, different spermatogenesis stages (spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa) are found. Each testes follicle joins with the vas efferens surrounded by monolayered cubic epithelium with oval nuclei. Epithelial cells are covered from the outside with a thin layer of muscle and sheath. Vas efferens connect to vas deferens that may have an enlarged and differentiated region = seminal vesicle. Mature spermatozoa are seen in the lumen of the vas efferens, seminal vesicle, and vas deferens. There is a pair of accessory glands with a convoluted appearance in the tubular structure around the vas deferens. The vas deferens is a straight tube which leads into the proximal end of the ductus ejaculatorius. Ductus ejaculatorius wall is surrounded by intima, monolayer epithelium, and a thick muscle layer with many nuclei. The distal section of the ductus ejaculatorius is housed within the aedeagus.
Collecting Data During an Epidemic: A Novel Mobile Phone Research Method
Authors: Maffioli Elisa M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study developed a data collection method, combining (i) random‐digit dialling and interactive voice response to sample and screen respondents and (ii) computer‐assisted telephone interviewing, to survey 2265 respondents during the 2014 Ebola epidemic. The response, cooperation, refusal and contact rates computed according to the American Association for Public Opinion Research were 51.97, 52.62, 41.85 and 98.77 per cent, for interactive voice response and 91.10, 91.65, 8.30 and 99.40 per cent for computer‐assisted telephone interviewing. A comparison with Demographic and Health Surveys confirmed that the sample is not nationally representative. However, this method offers promise for data collection at a low cost ($24) and without any in‐person interaction. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modulation of phagocytosis-induced cell death of human neutrophils by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Cho Christine , Teghanemt Athmane , Apicella Michael A , Nauseef William M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Optimal innate immune response to infection includes eradication of potential pathogens, resolution of associated inflammation, and restitution of homeostasis. Phagocytosing human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (hPMN) undergo accelerated apoptosis, a process referred to as phagocytosis-induced cell death (PICD) and an early step in their clearance from inflammatory sites. Among human pathogens that modulate hPMN apoptosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae delays PICD, which may contribute to the exuberant neutrophilic inflammation that characterizes gonorrhea. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying delayed PICD, we compared features of hPMN cell death that followed phagocytosis of N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 wild-type (GC) or serum-opsonized zymosan (OPZ), a prototypical stimulus of PICD. Phosphatidylserine externalization required NADPH oxidase activity after ingestion of GC or OPZ, and annexin V staining and DNA fragmentation were less after phagocytosis of GC compared to OPZ. Caspase 3/7 and caspase 9 activities after phagocytosis of GC were less than that seen after ingestion of OPZ, but caspase 8 activity was the same after ingestion of GC or OPZ. When hPMN sequentially ingested GC followed by OPZ, both caspase 3/7 and 9 activities were less than that seen after OPZ alone, and the inhibition was dose dependent for GC, suggesting that ingestion of GC actively inhibited PICD. Sequential phagocytosis did not block caspase 8 activity, mitochondrial depolarization, or annexin V/propidium iodide staining compared to responses of hPMN fed OPZ alone, despite inhibition of caspases 3/7 and 9. Taken together, these data suggest that active inhibition of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis contributes to the delay in PICD after hPMN ingestion of N. gonorrhoeae.
Defective platelet function in Niemann‐Pick disease type C1
Authors: Chen Oscar C. W. , Colaco Alexandria , Davis Lianne C. , Kiskin Fedir N. , Farhat Nicole Y. , Speak Anneliese O. , Smith David A. , Morris Lauren , Eden Emily , Tynan Patricia , Churchill Grant C. , Galione Antony , Porter Forbes D. , Platt Frances M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNiemann‐Pick disease type C (NPC) is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in either NPC1 (95% of cases) or NPC2. Reduced late endosome/lysosome calcium (Ca2+) levels and the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids within the late endocytic system characterize this disease. We previously reported impaired lysosome‐related organelle (LRO) function in Npc1−/− Natural Killer cells; however, the potential contribution of impaired acid compartment Ca2+ flux and LRO function in other cell types has not been determined. Here, we investigated LRO function in NPC1 disease platelets. We found elevated numbers of circulating platelets, impaired platelet aggregation and prolonged bleeding times in a murine model of NPC1 disease. Electron microscopy revealed abnormal ultrastructure in murine platelets, consistent with that seen in a U18666A (pharmacological inhibitor of NPC1) treated megakaryocyte cell line (MEG‐01) exhibiting lipid storage and acidic compartment Ca2+ flux defects. Furthermore, platelets from NPC1 patients across different ages were found to cluster at the lower end of the normal range when platelet numbers were measured and had platelet volumes that were clustered at the top of the normal range. Taken together, these findings highlight the role of acid compartment Ca2+ flux in the function of platelet LROs.
Vascular supply of the anterior interventricular epicardial nerves and ventricular Purkinje fibers in the porcine hearts
Authors: Stingl Josef , Zach Petr , Sach Josef , Vranova Jana , Suchomel Zdenek , Kudrna Vaclav , Mrzilkova Jana , Kachlik David , Musil Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to perform a pilot histological and quantitative analysis of the blood vessels accompanying the epicardial nerves (vasa nervorum) in the porcine hearts. Twenty healthy porcine hearts were used in this study. The blood vessels were analyzed by light microscopy using four different staining techniques in transverse sections taken from the upper, middle, and lower segments of the anterior part of the interventricular region and the adjacent parts of the right and left ventricles containing epicardial nerves and the endocardial peripheral parts of the Purkinje fibers. In total, 317 epicardial nerves were detected. The vasa nervorum were present in 75.7% of these nerves. The vasa nervorum resembled arterioles and postcapillary and collecting venules. One hundred and forty nine epicardial nerves were perivascular, located in the adventitia of the anterior interventricular artery and vein. The remaining 168 nerves ran freely through the epicardial interstitium. The presence of the vasa nervorum was not related to topographical location or nerve diameter. Additionally, from a total of 33 analyzed ventricular complexes of Purkinje fibers small blood vessels located in their proximity were identified in only two cases. It can be concluded that the majority of the anterior epicardial nerves of porcine heart possess well‐developed vasa nervorum. In contrast, similar blood vessels are rarely present in the vicinity of the Purkinje fibers. The data obtained contribute to a better understanding of the nutrition of the cardiac nerves.
In Vivo Proton Exchange Rate (kex) MRI for the Characterization of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions in Patients
Authors: Ye Haiqi , Shaghaghi Mehran , Chen Qianlan , Zhang Yan , Lutz Sarah E. , Chen Weiwei , Cai Kejia 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundCurrently available radiological methods do not completely capture the diversity of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion subtypes. This lack of information hampers the understanding of disease progression and potential treatment stratification. For example, inflammation persists in some lesions after gadolinium (Gd) enhancement resolves. Novel metabolic and molecular imaging methods may improve the current assessments of MS pathophysiology.PurposeTo compare the in vivo proton exchange rate (kex) MRI with Gd‐enhanced MRI for characterizing MS lesions.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsSixteen consecutively diagnosed relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T MRI with T2‐weighted imaging, postcontrast T1‐weighted imaging, and single‐slice chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging.AssessmentMS lesions in white matter were assessed for Gd enhancement and kex elevation compared to normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM).Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test was used for analyzing the difference of kex values between lesions and NAWM, with statistical significance set at 0.05.ResultsOf all 153 MS lesions, 78 (51%) lesions were Gd‐enhancing and 75 (49%) were Gd‐negative. Without exception, all 78 Gd‐enhancing lesions showed significantly elevated kex values compared to NAWM (924 ± 130 s–1 vs. 735 ± 61 s–1, P < 0.05). Of 75 Gd‐negative lesions, 18 lesions (24%) showed no kex elevation (762 ± 29 s–1 vs. 755 ± 28 s–1, P = 0.47) and 57 (76%) showed significant kex elevation (950 ± 124 s–1 vs. 759 ± 48 s–1, P < 0.05) compared to NAWM. MS lesions with kex elevation appeared nodular (118, 87.4%), ring‐like (15, 11.1%), or irregular‐shaped (2, 1.5%).Data ConclusionFor Gd‐enhancing lesions, kex MRI is highly consistent with Gd‐enhanced images by showing 100% of elevated kex. For all Gd‐negative lesions, the discrepancy on kex MRI may further differentiate active slowly expanding lesions or chronic inactive lesions, supporting kex as an imaging biomarker for tissue oxidative stress and inflammation.Level of Evidence 2Technical Efficacy Stage 3J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:408–415.
Evaluating mRNA expression of tax, B chain of PDGF and PDGF‐β receptors as well as HTLV‐I proviral load in ATL patients and healthy carriers
Authors: Atabati Hadi , Esmaeili Seyed‐Alireza , Allahyari Abolghasem , Shirdel Abbas , Rahimi Hossein , Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim , Momtazi‐Borojeni Amir A. , Rafatpanah Houshang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) is a life‐threatening malignant neoplasm of CD4+ T cells resulted from human T‐cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I). Tax1 protein of HTLV‐I can induce malignant proliferation of T‐cells by modulating the expression of growth factors such as platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF). Here, we aimed to investigate the proviral load (PVL) of HTLV‐I in ATL and also to evaluate the mRNA expression of B chain of PDGF and PDGF‐β receptors in ATL patients and HTLV‐I‐infected healthy carriers. To this end, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by using Ficoll‐Histophaque density centrifugation. The mean of HTLV‐I PVL in ATL patients (42,759 ± 15,737 copies/104 cells [95% CI, 9557‐75962]) was significantly (p = .01) higher than that in healthy carriers (650 ± 107 copies/104 cells [95% CI, 422‐879], respectively. The HTLV‐I PVL in ATL patients exhibited a significant correlation with PBMC count (R = .495, p = .001). The mRNA expression of Tax, B chain of PDGF, and PDGF‐β receptor genes was significantly higher in healthy carriers than in patients with ATL. In conclusion, the expression of the canonical PDGFβ and its receptor, and their correlation with Tax expression cannot be a suitable indicator and/or prognostic factor for progression of ATL in HTLV‐I carriers.