bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elektrochemischer Zugang zu aza‐polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen: Rhoda‐elektrokatalytische Domino‐Alkin‐Anellierungen
Authors: Kong Wei‐Jun , Shen Zhigao , Finger Lars H. , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStickstoff‐dotierte polycyclische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (Aza‐PAKs) finden vielfältige Anwendungen in den Materialwissenschaften. Hier wurde eine modulare elektrochemische Synthese von Aza‐PAKs über eine Rhodium‐katalysierte Kaskaden‐C‐H‐Aktivierung und Alkinanellierung entwickelt. Ein multifunktionales O‐Methylamidoxim ermöglichte hohe Chemo‐ und Regioselekivitäten. Die Isolierung von zwei rhodacyclischen Schlüsselintermediaten erlaubte es, die Reihenfolge der drei C‐H‐Aktivierungsschritte genau zu bestimmen. Zusätzlich zeichnet sich die Metalla‐elektrokatalytische dreifache C‐H‐Transformation durch eine einzigartige Verträglichkeit mit funktionellen Gruppen aus, einschließlich hoch reaktiver Iod‐ und Azidsubstituenten.
Family Therapy for Child and Youth Mental Health: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Berry Eliza , Bruce Rosie , Oprescu Florin 
Published: December 2019

Early intervention in childhood years is an important part of successful therapies for children and adolescents living with or at risk of mental illness. Family therapy acknowledges the role of family relationships, interactions, and family systems in child and youth mental health. To explore the effectiveness and delivery of family therapy in order to inform current family therapy practice in Australian public mental health services, a scoping literature review mapped key concepts of the past 11 years of family therapy research. Current gaps were noted within the following key concepts: family therapy settings and definitions, the influence of family factors on outcomes, transparency of intervention methods, and the training of family therapists. Further research could be undertaken to address current gaps in the literature, specifically: assessment and intervention processes; typical length of time for a series of family sessions; frequency of sessions; and theoretical foundations linked with most effective outcomes, as identified by clinicians, children, and their families. This research would provide a better understanding of best practice and evidence‐based family therapy practices that work for children and their families to inform family therapy practice in Australia and beyond. This scoping literature review identified that there is a noteworthy variation in the way brief family therapy is provided, both in terms of the duration and frequency of sessions, as well as the theoretical underpinnings employed. Further research is warranted to explore different service contexts and brief versions of family therapy delivery and the outcomes for the children and their families.
Si@S‐doped C anode with high cycling stability using PVA‐g‐PAA water soluble binder for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Congcong , Su Jing , Hu Jinlong , Zhang Lingzhi 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe nanostructured Si@S‐doped C (Si/C) hybrid is synthesized via a mild hydrothermal process of glucose and the simultaneous polymerization of 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene and poly(sodium‐4‐styrene sulfonate) on the surface of nano‐Si powders, then followed by a calcination process. A new water soluble polymer of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is synthesized via a free‐radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in a 1:1 weight ratio in PVA water solution. The Si/C anode using PVA‐g‐PAA binder, exhibits improved lithium storage properties and cycling stability than that of the parallel electrode with carboxymethyl cellulose binder, which exhibits an initial coulombic efficiency (82.0%), even a reversible capacity of 487 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles with 81.2% capacity retention at 0.4 A g−1. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48764.
The effects of thermoresponsive microgel density on cell adhesion, proliferation, and detachment
Authors: Tang Dachao , Zeng Zhujun , Xia Yongqing , Chen Binghe , Gao Shuai , Cao Meiwen , Wang Shengjie , Li Dongxiang 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTIn recent years, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐based microgels have been emerged as a new thermoresponsive coating for cell/cell sheet harvesting, yet few work reports their effect on cell attachment, morphology, activity, and proliferation in details. In this work, poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐styrene) (pNIPAAmSt) microgel was selected as the model to study its density on NIH3T3 cell adhesion, morphology, activity, and detachment. Results showed that 0.5 wt % pNIPAAmSt microgel density leads to more cells adhesion, higher cell activity yet lower cell proliferation. Moreover, cell adhesion location can be well controlled either by manipulating the sub‐cellular scale distances between microgels or by fabricating large scale surface patterns of the microgels on higher microgel density. By temperature stimuli, similar ratio cells detached from the microgel density surface from 0.5 to 1.5 wt %. The results in this article are worthy for the application of thermoresponsive microgels in cell regulation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48773.
1,2,3‐Trichloropropane: California's Response to a Persistent Pollutant
Authors: Love Lynleigh 
Published: December 2019

Key Takeaways1,2,3‐Trichloropropane, or TCP, is considered one of the most persistent organic groundwater contaminants and is linked to cancers and numerous damaging human health effects.The US Environmental Protection Agency has issued guidance on TCP and since it's not federally regulated, some states have established their own maximum contaminant levels.California's stringent TCP regulations and guidelines could serve as a blueprint for other states.
Triazolecarbaldehyde Reagents for One‐Step N‐Terminal Protein Modification
Authors: Onoda Akira , Inoue Nozomu , Sumiyoshi Eigo , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSite‐specific modification of peptides and proteins is a key aspect of protein engineering. We developed a method for modification of the N terminus of proteins using 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carbaldehyde (TA4C) derivatives, which can be prepared in one step. The N‐terminal specific labeling of bioactive peptides and proteins with the TA4C derivatives proceeds under mild reaction conditions in excellent conversion (angiotensin I: 92 %, ribonuclease A: 90 %). This method enables site‐specific conjugation of various functional molecules such as fluorophores, biotin, and polyethylene glycol attached to the triazole ring to the N terminus. Furthermore, a functional molecule modified with a primary amine moiety can be directly converted into a TA4C derivative through a Dimroth rearrangement reaction with 1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carbaldehyde. This method can be used to obtain N‐terminal‐modified proteins via only two steps: 1) convenient preparation of a TA4C derivative with a functional group and 2) modification of the N terminus of the protein with the TA4C derivative.
Enhancing Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Activity Using a Sub‐Stoichiometric CaTiO3−δ Additive
Authors: Mazzapioda Lucia , Lo Vecchio Carmelo , Paolone Annalisa , Aricò Antonino Salvatore , Baglio Vincenzo , Navarra Maria Assunta 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr. Maria Assunta Navarra at the Chemistry Department of Sapienza University of Rome (Italy), in collaboration with CNR‐ITAE and CNR‐ISC. The cover picture shows a rotating disk electrode pinball where, thanks to the presence of the sub‐stoichiometric calcium titanate perovskite, the oxygen reduction reaction is facilitated to proceed via the four‐electron pathway. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/celc.201901292.
Detection of magnetic audio tape degradation with neural networks and Lasso
Authors: Ratnasena Nilmini H. , Rich Dayla C. , Abraham Alyssa M. , Cunha Larissa L. , Morgan Stephen L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAudio magnetic tapes manufactured using polyester urethane are known to become nonplayable over time due to the degradation of the magnetic layer. Attempting to play degraded tapes to digitize them can cause extensive damage to the tape as well as to the play back device. For this reason, most of the magnetic tapes in cultural heritage institutions are in critical state. The purpose of our study is to preserve historical recordings in magnetic tapes by developing a nondestructive technique to determine degradation status. Our approach is to combine attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT‐IR) with chemometric techniques, especially neural networks and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso). The model built using neural networking was able to successfully classify playable and nonplayable with 97% to 98% accuracy when similar tape brands/models were in the training and the test set. With different brands/models in the test set, neural network model performed poorly. However, Lasso showed 95.5% accuracy for similar brand/models and 80.5% accuracy for different tape brands/models. This suggests that Lasso is the better technique to determine if a tape is degraded or not.
A Highly Stable Triazole‐Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework Integrated with Exposed Metal Sites for Selective CO2 Capture and Conversion
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Mandal Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA new triazole‐functionalized tetracarboxylic acid ligand (H4L) has been synthesized and utilized for the fabrication of a 3D ZnII organic framework with a Zn4(−COO)6 cluster as the secondary building unit. The framework exhibits very good thermal stability and consists of dual functionalities of exposed Lewis acidic metal sites and accessible nitrogen‐donor Lewis basic sites. The Lewis basic nitrogen sites in the framework serve as CO2 binding sites for highly selective CO2 capture and the presence of exposed Lewis acidic metal sites in the framework make it an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the chemical fixation of CO2 into value‐added cyclic carbonates under ambient conditions.
PROTOCOL: Does executive compensation predict publicly traded firms’ financial performance or inaccurate financial reporting?
Authors: Rousseau Denise M. , Beck Donna , Kim ByeongJo , Splenda Ryan , Young Sarah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell review. The objectives are as follows: One goal of this systematic review is to identify whether incentive terms in CEO contracts predict firm financial performance over time; a second goal is to identify whether incentive terms in CEO contracts predict subsequent inaccurate financial reporting as manifest in restatement of accounting data due to errors or other distortions in reporting financial information.
Dark exposure affects plasticity‐related molecules and interneurons throughout the visual system during adulthood
Authors: Carceller Hector , Guirado Ramon , Nacher Juan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeveral experimental manipulations, including visual deprivation, are able to induce critical period‐like plasticity in the visual cortex of adult animals. In this regard, many studies have analyzed the effects of dark exposure in adult animals, but still little is known about the role of interneurons and plasticity‐related molecules on such mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed the effects of 10 days of dark exposure on the connectivity and structure of interneurons, both in the primary visual cortex and in the rest of cerebral regions implicated in the transmission of visual stimulus. We found that this environmental manipulation induces changes in the expression of synaptic molecules throughout the visual pathway and in the structure of interneurons in the primary visual cortex. Moreover, we found altered expression in the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule and in perineuronal nets surrounding parvalbumin expressing interneurons, suggesting that these plasticity‐related molecules may be involved in the changes produced by dark exposure. Together, our findings indicate that dark exposure produces an important alteration of inhibitory circuits and molecules related to their plasticity, not only in the visual cortex but throughout the visual pathway.
Vulnerability analysis on the image‐based authentication: Through the WM_INPUT message
Authors: Lee Kyungroul , Yim Kangbin , Lee Sun‐Young 
Published: December 2019

SummaryWe verified the mouse data exposure using the WM_INPUT message handler that obtains the mouse‐inputted data to derive the vulnerability of the image‐based authentication. Consequently, the mouse data were exposed on most of the banking and payment sites of South Korea. Experiment results show that the mouse data are exposed in image‐based authentication in six Internet banking services. Therefore, we proved that the safety of the authentication information is vulnerable even when image‐based authentication is applied. In the future, we will propose an image‐based authentication method to solve the vulnerability found from this paper and derive a set of criteria for the vulnerability analysis of image‐based authentication for the security assessment.
Mobile device security defense method and system based on address jump using sliding window technology
Authors: Niu Xin , Yu Xiaomo 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn order to solve the problem that IP address jump cannot be synchronized in real time due to the unstable speed of network data transmission in the Internet of Things system, in this paper, sliding window mechanism is introduced into network communication, and an Internet of Things system with network IP address jump function is constructed. The system adopts time synchronization scheme based on PTP protocol and IP address hopping strategy based on sliding window. The system includes three modules: time synchronization module based on PTP protocol to enhance security performance, address hopping module based on OpenFlow as core technology, and SDN routing module. The system can realize the security defense function of mobile devices on the Internet of Things. Finally, through the experimental test, it is found that, when the system time error is less than 18 s, the system's packet loss rate is stable and low. The anti‐attack ability is very strong.
The Probenecid‐story – A success in the fight against doping through out‐of‐competition testing
Authors: Hemmersbach Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe effectiveness of doping control in sport has been improved continuously during the past 50 years. One of the major steps forward was the introduction of unannounced and targeted out‐of‐competition testing in order to control the misuse of anabolic‐androgenic steroids (AAS), mainly during the end of the 1980s. It also led to the misuse of masking agents in case a surprise control was performed. Athletes tried to be “prepared”, when the doping control officer showed up. The disclosure of the masking agent probenecid in 1987 is a perfect example of a memorable finding, of a suspected and purported case of performance manipulation. Probenecid and its metabolites were identified in five urine samples collected from Norwegian athletes in an out‐of‐competition test, while they were staying and training in the USA. Probenecid is a drug that reduces the urinary excretion of AAS from the body. It was the first time that it had showed up in a doping control sample. The athletes were sanctioned for hampering the analysis of their urine sample, although probenecid was not yet specified on the Prohibited List. Its detection was the result of a successful collaboration of laboratories and investigative diligence and enthusiasm following up suspicious observations in the actual samples. Immediately afterwards probenecid was added to the Prohibited List for 1988 as well as including the manipulation of doping control samples.
Development of a paste for passive fire protection mainly composed of granulated blast furnace slag
Authors: Ríos Jose D. , Arenas Celia , Cifuentes Hector , Vilches Luis F. , Leiva Carlos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, the behavior of granulated blast furnace slag as a component of passive fire protection materials is evaluated. To investigate the performance of blast furnace slag, different replacement levels from 0 to 80 wt% have been analyzed. Different properties, such as physical, mechanical, and insulating capacity and leaching, have been thoroughly analyzed. Pastes made of a combination of granulated blast furnace slag and gypsum can be potentially used as a component in construction materials for passive protection against fire. The results indicate that the mechanical properties diminish when the slag content increases. It was concluded that replacements lower than 60 wt% comply with all the mechanical demands. A slight reduction of the insulating capacity was observed when the slag content was increased. Additionally, no heavy metal leaching problems have been detected.SignificanceThe current research presents the results of a study to reuse granulated blast furnace slag in fire‐resistant pastes with gypsum. Blast furnace slags decrease the thermal diffusivity of the paste at high temperatures, improving its insulating capacity. It facilitates its use in specific and high‐value applications with similar properties to commercial materials and increases the recycling rate with any heavy‐metal leaching problem.
Chemical characterization of balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum) sprout extracts and their regulation of inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells
Authors: Kim Mina , Hwang In‐Guk , Kim Sang‐Bum , Choi Ae‐Jin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe balloon flower (BF) is a potent natural source of phytochemical compounds and is associated with our health. The sprouting process is accompanied by significant changes in phytochemical compounds in comparison with their original plants. Even though many studies are conducted with BF, there are not yet reports of BF sprouts. In the present study, we determined the chemical composition and biological activity of BF sprouts that had been cultivated for 50 days. Kaempferol‐3‐O‐galactoside and 1‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid were identified as major components of whole BF sprouts. The leaves/stems of the sprouts had higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and lower IC50 values in DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging assays than whole sprouts or roots. The roots of the sprouts had the highest polygalacin D content (1.44 mg/g). We also determined the effects of different parts of BF sprouts on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. When these cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), their nitrite and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production increased. BF sprouts suppressed the LPS‐induced production of nitrite, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and interleukin‐6 in a concentration‐dependent manner without causing any cytotoxic effects. Nitrite and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production were significantly inhibited by the roots and leaves/stems, respectively. The inhibitory effects of BF sprouts on LPS‐stimulated inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were associated with suppressed NF‐κB activation. These findings suggest that BF sprouts could be a valuable source of bioactive compounds and exert anti‐inflammatory effects due to their polygalacin D, deapi‐platycodin D3, and polyphenol content.
Osmolality is a predictor for model‐based real time monitoring of concentration in protein chromatography
Authors: Felfödi Edith , Scharl Theresa , Melcher Michael , Dürauer Astrid , Wright Kristeena , Jungbauer Alois 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe bottleneck for real time control and real time release is lack of product‐specific in‐line sensors or fast at‐line methods suitable for model‐based prediction of process outcome. The most common sensors for protein purification are UV absorbance values measured at 280 and 260 nm. They have very high selectivity for proteins which contain aromatic amino acids. The 260 nm signal is more selective for nucleic acids. This work addresses the question if osmolality can be used as an additional predictor for protein purification.RESULTSAn antibody intermediate purification step in flow‐through mode was evaluated. The flow‐through fractions were collected and then subjected to analysis for antibody concentration and osmolality. UV280, UV260, UV214, pH and conductivity have been measured on‐line by the chromatography workstation. Different combinations of on‐line sensor signals and osmolality have been used to find out if molality is a valuable predictor. The root mean square error was used for assessing the quality of the model‐based prediction of quantity with partial least squares in this chromatography process. Predictors UV280, UV260, UV214, pH and conductivity showed equal root mean square error (0.274) as UV280, UV260, UV214, pH, conductivity and osmolality (0.274). Lowest mean square error (0.244) was found with UV280, UV260 and osmolality as predictors of quantity.CONCLUSIONOsmolality as an at‐line method is an excellent predictor together with UV280 and UV260 for protein quantity in model‐based prediction using partial least squares methodology. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
HIV risk among young women who sell sex by whether they identify as sex workers: analysis of respondent‐driven sampling surveys, Zimbabwe, 2017
Authors: Hensen Bernadette , Chabata Sungai T , Floyd Sian , Chiyaka Tarisai , Mushati Phillis , Busza Joanna , Birdthistle Isolde , Hargreaves James R , Cowan Frances M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionAcross sub‐Saharan Africa, selling sex puts young women at high risk of HIV. Some young women who sell sex (YWSS) may self‐identify as sex workers, while others may not, having implications for how to reach them with HIV prevention. We describe characteristics, sexual behaviours and health service use of YWSS in Zimbabwe, comparing women who identified as female sex workers (FSW) and women who did not (non‐identifying‐YWSS), and explore factors associated with HIV infection.MethodsWe analysed data from respondent‐driven sampling (RDS) surveys among YWSS aged 18 to 24 implemented in six sites in Zimbabwe from April to July 2017. RDS was used to enrol YWSS into an impact evaluation of the multi‐country DREAMS (Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS‐free, Mentored and Safe) Partnership, which provides comprehensive HIV prevention programming to adolescent girls and young women. Women completed an interviewer‐administered questionnaire and were offered HIV testing services. We used logistic regression (RDS‐II‐weighted, normalized by site) to identify factors associated with prevalent HIV infection.ResultsForty‐four seeds recruited 2387 YWSS. RDS‐adjusted HIV prevalence was 24%; 67% of women identified as FSW. FSW were older and had lower educational attainment than non‐identifying‐YWSS. While 40% of FSW reported 10+ clients in the previous month, 9% of non‐identifying‐YWSS did so. FSW were more likely to have accessed HIV‐related services, including HIV testing in the last six months (FSW: 70%; non‐identifying‐YWSS: 60%). Over half of all YWSS described selling sex as their main financial support (FSW: 88%; non‐identifying YWSS: 54%). Increasing age, lower educational attainment, younger age of first selling sex and higher number of clients in the previous month were associated with prevalent HIV.ConclusionsYWSS in Zimbabwe have a high prevalence of HIV, reported high numbers of sexual partners and depend financially on selling sex. Non‐identifying‐YWSS differed socio‐demographically to FSW, yet factors associated with HIV risk were similar for all women. Women not identifying as FSW were less likely to access services, suggesting they should be prioritized for HIV prevention. Network‐based recruitment may enhance their inclusion in programmes, like DREAMS, which aim to reach young women at highest‐risk with comprehensive health, HIV prevention and social protection services.