bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ENHANCEMENT OF SKIN PERMEABILITY OF ECONAZOLE NITRATE USING NOVEL FLEXISOMAL NANOCARRIERS BY IMPLEMENTING QUALITY BY DESIGN (QBD) APPROACH
Authors: MANDLIK SATISH K. , DANDGAVHAL HARSHAL P. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was an implementation of quality by design (QbD) for the formulation and characterization of econazole nitrate loaded flexisomal nanocarriers (EN-FS) to improve antifungal activity and to enhance skin permeability.
Methods: Initially quality target product profile (QTTP) elements were identified and later critical quality attributes (CQA) elements were defined from QTPP elements. Particle size, entrapment efficiency and deformability index were defined as CQAs. Risk assessment was performed by using fishbone diagram and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Design space was created by using fractional factorial design 25-2 as screening design and 32 full factorial design as optimization design to optimize two variables soya phosphatidylcholine concentration(X1) and sodium deoxycholate concentration (X2).
Results: Optimized batch of EN-FS was 249.5±3.48 nm, with entrapment efficiency of 88.6±0.89 % and deformability index of 31.75±0.98. Zeta potential analysis showed value of-22.5 mV. Morphological analysis by TEM showed spherical shaped flexisomes, which confirmed the vesicular characteristics. The optimized batch of EN-FS was further made into hydrogels by using sepineo P600 as gelling agent. The % drug diffusion of EN-FS hydrogels had shown 24.68%. With higher skin deposition and higher value of zone of inhibition in antifungal study as compared to plain EN hydrogel. CLSM studies indicated deep penetration of EN-FS in skin layers. Lastly control strategy for EN-FS were developed.
Conclusion: It was concluded that EN-FS showed high flexibility and enhanced antifungal activity therefore found to be a potential nanocarriers for drug deposition in skin layers without disturbing skin integrity.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF PITAVASTATIN BY 32 FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: DASARI NIRMALA , MARUVAJALA VIDYAVATHI 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of the present work was to prepare an optimized, fast dissolving tablet (FDT) of Pitavastatin to increase its dissolution by applying 32full factorial design.
Methods: Nine formulations (PF1 to PF9) with all possible combinations according to 32full factorial design by selecting two factors i.e. concentration of super disintegrant, Indion414 (5-15%) (A) and sublimating agent, camphor (40-60%) (B) as independent variables at three levels of-1, 0 and 1. The effect of these two variables on three dependent parameters, water absorption ratio (Y1), disintegration time (Y2) and in vitro drug release (Y3) was studied. All the powder blends were evaluated for precompression parameters, and the tablets were prepared by direct compression method which were further evaluated for post-compression parameters. The effect of change in concentration of two selected factors on dependent parameters was studied through 3D surface response plots and polynomial equations using Design expert software version11. Optimized formula was obtained by desirability and overlay plots for which compatibility stability was assessed.
Results: Precompression and post-compression parameters were satisfactorily within acceptable limits. Optimized formulation was prepared to prove the validity of the evolved mathematical model, which contained 6.75 mg of indion414(0.9) and 54 mg of camphor(0.9) with a disintegration time of 21 sec., water absorption ratio of 113 and 93% of drug release within 12 min. The compatibility between drugs and excipients was proved. The dissolution profiles of optimized formulation and commercially available conventional film-coated tablets of Pitavastatin were compared.
Conclusion: The optimized formulation showed significantly (P>0.05) increased drug release compared to commercially available film-coated tablets. No changes in disintegration time, drug content and in in vitro drug release from optimized formulation on storage for 3months at 40 °C±2 °C/75% RH±5% RH were observed during stability studies which confirmed the stability of the optimized formulation.
FABRICATION, EVALUATION OF DRUG LOADING CAPABILITY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D-NANO-CELLULOSE NETWORK MATERIALS PRODUCED BY BACTERIA OF FERMENTED AQUEOUS GREEN TEA EXTRACTIN SELECTED CULTURE MEDIA
Authors: NGUYEN THANH XUAN , HOANG NGAN PHUC , CAO CUONG BA 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The study aims for the fabrication, evaluation of drug loading capability and characterization of 3D-nano-cellulose network materials produced by bacteria of fermented aqueous green tea extract in selected culture media.
Methods: 3D-nano-cellulose network (3DNC) materials can be produced by bacteria living in a fermented aqueous green tea extract. 3DNCs include nano-fibers forming networks, which are capable of drug loading to form a prolonged release therapy to improve drug bioavailability. In this study, 3DNC materials are biosynthesized by aerobic bacteria in the standard medium (SM), coconut water (CW) and rice water (RW). 3DNCs were prepared and evaluated for drug carrier using famotidine as a model drug. Famotidine was loaded in 3DNC by the absorption method. 3DNCs were characterized by using FE-SEM and FTIR spectroscopy.
Results: The 3DNCs obtained from CW, and RW have the same characteristics as the 3DNC obtained from the SM, and 3DNCs can be fabricated with the desired thickness and diameter in all three types of culture media. 3DNCs absorbed famotidine in optimum condition without any difference in famotidine loading (28.2 mg) and famotidine entrapment efficiency (90 %). Investigation of the 3DNC structure using FE-SEM has shown that the cellulose fibers of 3DNC-SM and 3DNC-CW have a stable structure without structural change when loading drug under optimal condition.
Conclusion: The results indicate the potential for using 3DNC-SM and 3DNC-CW to design the drug delivery system.
Chemical Composition, Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity of Some Spice Essential Oils
Authors: Ghadah Saber Ibrahim  , Manal Jameel Kiki  
Published: January 2020

This study was carried out to determine the chemical composition of some spice essential oils, to test the radical scavenging and the anti-fungal activities of Cinnamon, Anise, Cumin and Caraway EOs. The essential oil compositions were determined by GC-MS and showed variation in its constituent for each type of oil. Major identified components were Cinnamaldehyde 81.79 % for Cinnamon EO (Ci-EO), Anethole 90.9% for Anise EO ( An-EO), (gamma-Terpinene 23.84%, beta.- Pinene 21.84%, Benzaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethyl) 20.00%, Carenal 17.50% and Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl) 14.10%) for Cumin EO ( Cu-EO ) and (Carvone 52.27% and D-Limonene 47.13 %) for Caraway EO (Ca-EO). Antioxidant effectiveness was examined by the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method using different concentrations of EOs (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 , 20.0 , 40.0 , mg/ml) at different times. All essential oils have shown antioxidant activity. Based on their antioxidant capacity, four spice essential oils sorted in descending order: Cumin 87.4% > Anise 72.4% > Caraway 59.5 > Cinnamon18.2 % at high concentration 40.0, mg/ml at 120 min. These essential oils were also found to possess remarkable antifungal activity against tested pathogens like yeasts (Candida krusei ATCC 6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019) and fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus) by using disc diffusion technique. Cu- EO showed 100% inhibition against A. niger, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. For other tested fungi, the essential oils showed good to moderate inhibitory effects. Positive and important associations between mycelial growth inhibition of both pathogens and the antioxidant activity of the checked oils. These results showed tested essential oils could be used as a source of antioxidant and antifungal compounds which may find applications in pharmaceutical and food industries.
Tindakan Diskresi Oleh Penyidik Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga di Polres Tanjung Jabung Barat
Authors: Lasmadi Sahuri , Hasan Umar , Sudarti Elly 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi maraknya kekerasan yang terjadi dalam lingkup rumah tangga. KDRT merupakan jenis kekerasan yang memiliki sifat-sifat yang khas yakni dilakukan di dalam rumah, pelaku dan korban adalah anggota keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk Menganalisis Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana KDRT Melalui Tindakan Diskresi di Polres Tanjung Jabung Barat; (2) Untuk Menganalisis Dasar Hukum Tindakan Diskresi Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana KDRT; (3) Untuk Menganalisis Akibat Hukum Penerapan Tindakan Diskresi Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana KDRT di Polres Tanjung Jabung Barat. Metode Penelitian: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif yang didukung dengan data empiris. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Analisis bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara menginterpretasi, menilai dan mengevaluasi undang-undang. Kesimpulan: (1) Penyelesaian pada tindak pidana KDRT sebanyak 14 kasus di Polres Tanjung Jabung Barat, diselesaikan penyidik dengan tindakan diskresi melalui mediasi yang lebih mengedepankan kemanfatan hukum; (2) Dasar hukum Tindakan Diskresi oleh Penyidik diatur pada Pasal 15 ayat (2) huruf k, Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf L dan ayat (2), Pasal 18 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian. Surat Kapolri Nomor Pol: B/3022/XII/2009/SDEOPS tanggal 14 Desember 2009 Tentang Penanganan Kasus Melalui Alternative Dispute Resolusion. Tindakan Diskresi dilakukan melalui mediasi penal belum diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga; (3) Akibat hukum penerapan mediasi penal dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana KDRT adalah dapat menghapuskan status hukum tersangka pada diri pelaku. Saran: Untuk kepastian hukum perlu pembaharuan hukum tentang mediasi penal terhadap Undang-Undang Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga.
Diare sebagai Konsekuensi Buruknya Sanitasi Lingkungan
Authors: Rasyidah Ummy Maisarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract—Diarrhea becomes the second disease after ARI that causes morbidity and death in Indonesia. Riskesdas in 2007 shows diarrhea as an infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. The morbidity survey by the Directorate General of Disease Control and Environmental Health of the Ministry of Health from 2000 - 2010 showed a tendency for the incidence of diarrheal disease to rise, namely the 2000 Incidence Rate of diarrheal disease 301/1000 population, in 2003 it rose to 374/1000 population, in 2006 it became 423 / 1000 residents and in 2010 became 411/1000 residents. This paper wants to find out the preventive actions taken by the government in controlling diarrheal diseases in terms of environmental sanitation. Literature searches are conducted online and manually on scientific publications in Indonesian or English, with keywords in the form of diarrheal disease, environmental sanitation, public health efforts, government and health offices. The results show that from 25 related publications, 17 publications discuss diarrhea and 8 publications discuss environmental sanitation. The conclusion obtained is the incidence of diarrhea fluctuates from year to year. An increase in diarrheal disease is associated with poor environmental sanitation, the root of which is the lack of awareness and knowledge in particular rural communities to maintain and preserve and carry out healthy living behaviors to break the cycle of diarrheal transmission in Indonesia.
Abstrak—Diare menjadi penyakit kedua setelah ISPA yang menyebabkan kejadian kesakitan maupun kematian di Indonesia. Riskesdas tahun 2007 menunjukkan diare sebagai penyakit menular dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Tulisan ini ingin mengetahui tindakan preventif yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam usaha mengendalikan terjadinya penyakit diare ditinjau dari sanitasi lingkungan. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan secara online dan manual terhadap publikasi ilmiah berbahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, dengan kata kunci berupa penyakit diare, sanitasi lingkungan, usaha kesehatan masyarakat, pemerintah dan dinas kesehatan. Hasil amatan menunjukkan dari 25 publikasi yang berkaitan, 17 publikasi membahas tentang diare dan 8 publikasi membahas tentang sanitasi lingkungan. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah angka insiden diare berfluktuasi dari tahun ke tahun. Peningkatan penyakit diare berhubungan dengan buruknya sanitasi lingkungan yang akar permasalahannya terdapat pada kurang kesadaran dan pengetahun pada khususnya masyarakat pedesaan untuk menjaga dan melestarikan serta melakukan perilaku hidup sehat untuk memutuskan siklus rantai penularan penyakit diare di Indonesia.
Contrato matrimonial luso-espanhol setecentista: edição e estudo paleográfico
Authors: Mikhail Beatriz Dias 
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho, um recorte de um trabalho de conclusão de curso, apresenta as edições fac-similar e semidiplomática dos artigos preliminares do matrimônio de D. Maria Ana Vitória com D. Gabriel, documento setecentista datado de 1784, conservado no Museu Imperial localizado em Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro. No âmbito da filologia e da paleografia, partimos de estudos de grandes autores como Cambraia (2005) e Spina (1994), de modo a conceituar tais termos e demonstrar seus objetivos e sua importância para o presente trabalho. Quanto aos aspectos filológicos-paleográficos, a partir das edições fac-similar e semidiplomática dos artigos preliminares do matrimônio de D. Maria Ana Vitória com D. Gabriel, realizamos a análise dos seguintes aspectos: mapeamento do alfabeto,uso de letras maiúsculas, fronteira de palavras e separação vocabular, alografia, abreviaturas e, por fim, reclames.
ANALISIS STRATEGI CORPORATE IMAGE TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN CALON MAHASISWA MENDAFTAR DI PTS (STUDI PADA TIM PENERIMAAN MAHASISWA BARU (PMB) UNIVERSITAS WIRARAJA)
Authors: Yuliastina Roos , Andiriyanto Ach. 
Published: January 2020

Setiap organisasi pasti memiliki tujuan, yaitu organisasi yang hadir dengan tujuan mencari keuntungan (profit oriented) maupun hadir sebagai organissai yang memiliki tujuan memberikan pelayan kepada publik (non-profit oriented). Begitu pula dengan Perguruan Tinggi, perguruan tinggi swasta maupaun perguruan tinggi pasti memiliki arah dan tujuan. PTS maupun PTN sebagai organisasi non- profit oriented sebagai organisasi berbasis sosial, Meskipun pada dasarnya kehadiran PTS adalah organisasi berbasis sosial yang identik dengan kegiatan non- profit oriented, jika dihadapkan dengan kepentingan mencari dan mengumpulkan calon peserta didik pada akhirnya tidak lepas dari kepentingan – kepentingan komersil.
Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana startegi PTS khususnya Universitas Wiraraja dalam membangun good coporate image dalam rangka mempertahankan citra positif untuk mempengaruhi calon mahasiswa agar bersedia memilih atau memutuskan berkuliah du Universitas ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, adapun hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dalam kegiatan membangun good coorporate image, Universitas Wiraraja menggunakan empat kegiatan dalam mewujudkan citra positif organisasinya, diantaranya: Menciptakan public understanding menciptakan Public Confidence, menciptakan Public Support, dan menciptakan Public Coorpooration. Empat komponen ini nyatanya berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan calon mahasiswa untuk berkuliah di Universitas Wiraraja, dengan ukuran indikator para mahasiswa memilih atas dasar (1) Pengalaman, (2) Fakta, dan (3) rasional, berdasarkan informasi yang diperoleh dari kegiatan sosialisi dan promosi kampus Wiraraja.
PENGELOLAAN PELAYANAN SURAT IJIN USAHA PERDAGANGAN (SIUP) PADA USAHA KECIL OLEH DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Soetarto Hadi , Harto M Alqaf , Anwar Syaiful 
Published: January 2020

Langkah strategis untuk mendorong upaya perbaikan penyelenggaraan pelayanan kepada masyarakat itu adalah melakukan pelayanan perizinan secara terpadu. Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Kabupaten Sumenep penerbitan Surat Ijin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP). sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2006 tentang Ketentuan dan Penerbitan Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan.
Masalah yang diteliti dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana pengelolaan Surat Ijin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP) pada usaha kecil yang dilakukan Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) dalam memberikan pelayanan di Kabupaten Sumenep, sedangkan tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengelolaan Surat Ijin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP) pada usaha kecil yang dilakukan Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) dalam memberikan pelayanan di Kabupaten Sumenep, yang menjadi fokus penelitian yaitu 1) Empati terhadap Customers, 2) Prosedur pelayanan, 3) Transparansi biaya, dan 4). Kepastian jadwal dan durasi pelayanan, Subjek penelitian ini informan kunci, utama dan pendukung, teknik pengumpulan data interview, observasi dan dokumentasi, dengan analisa data dengan pendekatan reduksi data dan verifikasi data.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Sumenep dalam menerbitkan izin IUP/SIUP kepada pelaku usaha kecil telah menunjukkan pengelolaan yang baik terlihat dari 1) menunjukkan rasa perhatian penuh (empaty) kepada pelaku usaha kecil dalam mengurus SIUP, 2) pemberian prosedur pelayanan perizinan SIUP yang mudah dan 3) adanya transparansi retribusi pelayanan dimana SIUP tidak dikenakan biaya serta 4) adanya kepastian penyelesaian SIUP selama 3 hari kerja.Pengelolaan pelayanan perizinan menunjukkan adanya kualitas yang bermutu tinggi dan pelayanan menjadi lebih baik yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan dan kepuasan pengguna jasa pelayanan perizinan.
Korelasi antara Latent Membrane Protein-1 Virus Epstein-Barr dengan P53 pada Karsinoma Nasofaring (Penelitian Lanjutan)
Authors: . Yenita , Asri Aswiyanti 
Published: January 2020

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan tumor yang unik karena etiologi dan distribusi
endemiknya. Di daerah endemik, etiologi KNF berkaitan dengan infeksi EBV. Infeksi EBV yang laten dan persisten
pada KNF menunjukkan pola laten tipe II yang ditandai dengan ekspresi EBNA-1, LMP-1, 2 dan EBER. LMP-1
merupakan gen laten EBV yang pertama ditemukan yang dapat mentransformasi galur sel, merubah fenotip sel,
menginduksi proliferasi dan mencegah apoptosis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui korelasi antara
ekspresi LMP-1 EBV dengan ekspresi p53 pada KNF. Cara: Empat puluh sembilan slaid HE dan blok parafin dari
KNF dianalisis dan dipulas secara imunohistokima dengan antibodi LMP-1 EBV dan p53. Korelasi antara ekspresi
LMP-1 dengan ekspresi p53 diuji dengan menggunakan uji Korelasi Pearson. Nilai p
Determination of Sunscreen activity of Viola odorata (Banafsha) ethanolic extract and its formulated Gel by UV Spectroscopy
Authors: Reecha Madaan  , Rajni Bala  , Anuja Verma  , Rajdeep Sarma  
Published: January 2020

In the present study, ethanolic extract of Banafsha i.e., Viola odorata (Violaceae) and its gel formulations was evaluated for its sun protection activity by ultraviolet spectroscopy method. The phytoconstituents like flavonoids, phenolics present in Viola odorata may be responsible for scavenging action on UV-induced reactive oxygen species. Extraction of aerial parts of the plant was done in the Soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as solvent. 1ml, 2ml, and 4ml of ethanol extract (200µg/ml) of the plant were used to formulate three gels (F1-F3) using Carabopol 940, 0.5% Methyl paraben, 0.2% Propyl paraben, Propylene glycol 400 and Triethanolamine. Mansur et al. UV spectrophotometric method was used to investigate the in vitro SPF of the Viola odorata ethanolic extracts (100&200µg/ml) and its formulated gels (F1-F3). Physical parameters like color, appearance, spreadability, pH, homogeneity, viscosity were determined to evaluate formulated gels. Based on the calculated SPF value, F3 formulation was chosen for the stability study. Ethanolic extract of Viola odorata (100 µg/ml and 200µg/ml) have SPF value 4.05±0.07 and 11.66±0.04, respectively. Gel formulations (F1-F3) containing 1, 2,4ml of 200µg/ml of ethanol extract have SPF values about 2.89±0.11, 4.20±0.08, and 5.63±0.07, respectively. The SPF values determined to confirm the capacity of gels to absorb UV radiation. No significant alterations in physicochemical parameters and SPF values were observed during the stability evaluation of F3 gel. Results proves that Viola odorata is a safe alternative which can be used over harmful chemical sunscreens used now a days in the industry and in the future plant can be explored for active component for better protection against sun rays.
Predictores de riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes de Quito
Authors: Estrella Ramiro , Salazar Fernando , Paredes Yolanda , Racines Marcia 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: Obesidad en la adolescencia se asocia con trastornos cardiometabólicos en la edad adulta. Es necesario contar con un índice de obesidad fácilmente aplicable para predecir riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes.
Objetivo: Comparar la utilidad de los índices radio Cintura/Talla (r-CT), circunferencia de cintura (CC) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) para determinar obesidad y predecir riesgos cardiometabólicos en adolescentes.
Métodos: En este estudio trasversal, bajo criterios de la International Diabetes Federation (IDF) se determinó obesidad mediante tres índices, hipertensión arterial, hiperglicemia, hipertrigliceridemia y bajo HDL en 931 adolescentes mestizos ecuatorianos. La asociación de los índices de obesidad (r-CT, IMC y CC) con los factores de riesgo cardiometabólico se determinaron mediante radios de Odds ajustados y áreas bajo la curva (AUC, siglas en inglés) ROC (Característica Operativa del Receptor, siglas en inglés).
Resultados: El r-CT ≥0.5 determinó mayor porcentaje de obesidad (36.6%) respecto a CC (17.4%) e IMC (6.7%). IMC ≥95 percentil se asoció significativamente con los cuatro factores de riesgo cardiometabólico, mientras que CC y r-CT se asociaron con tres de los cuatro factores. Los tres índices de obesidad determinan la concurrencia de tres o más factores de riesgo cardiometabólico con alta sensibilidad y especificidad con un AUC mayor de 0.80.
Conclusiones: El IMC ≥ al percentil 95 es mejor predictor de riesgo cardiometabólico, pero no determina bien obesidad. El r-CT parece ser el indicador antropométrico más adecuado para detectar obesidad y predecir riesgo cardiometabólico en adolescentes mestizos debido a su fácil determinación y uso.