bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A conceptual framework for barriers of circular supply chains for sustainability in the textile industry
Authors: Kazancoglu Ipek , Kazancoglu Yigit , Yarimoglu Emel , Kahraman Aysun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCircular economy is a contemporary concept including usage of renewable materials and technologies. The transition to the circular economy creates value through closed‐loop systems, reverse logistics, eco‐design, product life cycle management, and clean production. The aim of the study was to propose a holistic conceptual framework for barriers of circular supply chain for sustainability in the textile industry. Within this aim, an in‐depth literature review on barriers was conducted by covering all supply chain stages and circular initiatives in textile industry. Then, a focus group study was implemented. In the focus group study, barriers related to supply chains that prevent companies to implement the circular economy were discussed and validated. As a result, a total of 25 barriers were classified under nine main categories such as (a) management and decision‐making, (b) labour, (c) design challenges, (d) materials, (e) rules and regulations, (f) lack of knowledge and awareness, (g) lack of integration and collaboration, (h) cost, and (i) technical infrastructure.
Art‐on‐a‐Chip: Preserving Microfluidic Chips for Visualization and Permanent Display
Authors: Soffe Rebecca , Mach Albert J. , Onal Sevgi , Nock Volker , Lee Luke P. , Nevill J. Tanner 
Published: July 2020

Abstract“After a certain high level of technical skill is achieved, science and art tend to coalesce in aesthetics, plasticity, and form. The greatest scientists are always artists as well.” said Albert Einstein. Currently, photographic images bridge the gap between microfluidic/lab‐on‐a‐chip devices and art. However, the microfluidic chip itself should be a form of art. Here, novel vibrant epoxy dyes are presented in combination with a simple process to fill and preserve microfluidic chips, to produce microfluidic art or art‐on‐a‐chip. In addition, this process can be used to produce epoxy dye patterned substrates that preserve the geometry of the microfluidic channels—height within 10% of the mold master. This simple approach for preserving microfluidic chips with vibrant, colorful, and long‐lasting epoxy dyes creates microfluidic chips that can easily be visualized and photographed repeatedly, for at least 11 years, and hence enabling researchers to showcase their microfluidic chips to potential graduate students, investors, and collaborators.
Development and validation of HPLC methodology for quantitative estimation of Efinaconazole in topical pharmaceutical formulation prepared in‐house for the treatment of onychomycosis
Authors: Patani Nikesh , Patel Mrunali , Patel Rashmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this research work was to design, develop, and optimize new high‐performance liquid chromatography method for quantitative estimation of Efinaconazole in topical pharmaceutical formulation developed in‐house for the treatment of onychomycosis. Based on the outcomes of preliminary investigation, optimized high‐performance liquid chromatography conditions were reverse phase column (Luna C18) as stationary material, with simple isocratic mobile phase comprising mixture of water and acetonitrile (20:80 v/v), flow rate 1 mL/min, column oven temperature 30°C, injection volume 10 µL, detection wavelength of 230 nm, and total run time of 10 min. The optimized method was successfully validated as per International Council for Harmonization guideline Q2(R1), and statistical analysis proved that the method is specific (peak purity ≥ 0.999), accurate (99.21–99.63% w/w), precise (% relative standard deviation < 2.0), and sensitive (limit of detection = 9.26 µg and limit of quantitation = 28.05 µg). As a result, this research work provides a new and simple high‐performance liquid chromatography methodology with optimized chromatographic parameters for quantitation of Efinaconazole as a routine assay purpose, contributing to the technological and scientific domain and guaranteeing a safe and effective use of Efinaconazole for the treatment of onychomycosis.
An innovative infill wall utilizing light expanded clay aggregate: An experimental and numerical study
Authors: Ghamari Ali , Khaloo Alireza 
Published: July 2020

SummaryPast earthquakes had shown vulnerability of infill walls especially under out of plane (OOP) loading. Although some new infill walls show a good OOP performance, generally, they do not have the right economic justification or have complexity in construction. Therefore, in this paper, an innovative economical infill wall is presented that is not complicated in construction. The proposed wall constructed by light expanded clay aggregate in especial shape that reinforced with side plates, top, and bottom rebars. Experimental and numerical studies were carried out to investigate its seismic performance. Experimental results showed a high continuity between blocks of wall due to its especial shape that is increased ultimate OOP strength and ultimate OOP displacement of the wall. Numerical results indicated, because the infill wall is isolated from boundary frame, no drift is imposed to infill wall from boundary frame. Therefore, the infill wall only suffered OOP seismic acceleration. Due to light weight of the infill wall, low OOP load that corresponds to seismic acceleration is applied to the infill wall. In the infill wall, no separation is made even up to drift frame of 2.5%. The relations to design of the proposed infill wall were also presented.
The scattering amplitude of stringy hadrons: strings with opposite charges on their endpoints
Authors: Sonnenschein Jacob , Weissman Dorin , Yankielowicz Shimon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this note we describe hadrons: mesons and baryons as strings with electric charges on their endpoints. We consider here only the neutral system with opposite charges, coupled to an external constant electromagnetic field. We derive certain classical solutions including rotating folded open strings. We write down the mode expansion and canonically quantize the system. The OPEs associated with such strings are determined. We rederive the non-commutativity of the zero modes and the fact that the charges modify the spacetime metric. We show that the quantum worldsheet energy momentum tensor on the boundary is affected by the endpoint charges and differs from the corresponding Noether current. We determine the generalization of the Veneziano scattering amplitude for such strings in the critical dimension. Phenomenological implications are addressed and in particular we show that the external magnetic field can be tuned so that the amplitude vanishes for particular kinematic setups. We discuss the generalization of such strings to non-critical four dimensional spacetime. In particular we renormalize the divergence of the Polchinski-Strominger effective action associated with the rotating folded string.
Changes in positive associations among vertebrate predators at South Georgia during winter
Authors: Monier Samantha A. , Veit Richard R. , Manne Lisa L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe studied positive associations among seabirds and marine mammals at South Georgia on research cruises during the Austral winters of 1985, 1991 and 1993 and found statistically significant differences. We collected data on abundance and distribution, providing a critical reference for sub-Antarctic conservation in anticipation of future environmental changes. We found significant changes in the abundance of 29% of species surveyed and a consequent change in species diversity. We postulate that the resulting altered community composition may have previously unanticipated population effects on the component species, due to changes in positive interactions among species which use each other as cues to the presence of prey. We found a near threefold reduction in spatial overlap among vertebrate predators, associated with warming sea temperatures. As the strength and opportunity for positive associations decreases in the future, feeding success may be negatively impacted. In this way, environmental changes may disproportionately impact predator abundances and such changes are likely already underway, as Southern Ocean temperatures have increased substantially since our surveys. Of course the changes we describe are not solely due to changing sea temperature or any other single cause—many factors are important and we do not claim to have removed these from consideration. Rather, we report previously undocumented changes in positive associations among species, and argue these changes may continue into the future, given near-certain continued increases in climate-related changes.
Self-tuning serverless task farming using proactive elasticity control
Authors: Kehrer Stefan , Zietlow Dominik , Scheffold Jochen , Blochinger Wolfgang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cloud evolved into an attractive execution environment for parallel applications, which make use of compute resources to speed up the computation of large problems in science and industry. Whereas Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offerings have been commonly employed, more recently, serverless computing emerged as a novel cloud computing paradigm with the goal of freeing developers from resource management issues. However, as of today, serverless computing platforms are mainly used to process computations triggered by events or user requests that can be executed independently of each other and benefit from on-demand and elastic compute resources as well as per-function billing. In this work, we discuss how to employ serverless computing platforms to operate parallel applications. We specifically focus on the class of parallel task farming applications and introduce a novel approach to free developers from both parallelism and resource management issues. Our approach includes a proactive elasticity controller that adapts the physical parallelism per application run according to user-defined goals. Specifically, we show how to consider a user-defined execution time limit after which the result of the computation needs to be present while minimizing the associated monetary costs. To evaluate our concepts, we present a prototypical elastic parallel system architecture for self-tuning serverless task farming and implement two applications based on our framework. Moreover, we report on performance measurements for both applications as well as the prediction accuracy of the proposed proactive elasticity control mechanism and discuss our key findings.
Coffee consumption and overall and cause-specific mortality: the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)
Authors: Lukic Marko , Barnung Runa Borgund , Skeie Guri , Olsen Karina Standahl , Braaten Tonje 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoffee consumption has previously been reported to reduce overall and cause-specific mortality. We aimed to further investigate this association by coffee brewing methods and in a population with heavy coffee consumers. The information on total, filtered, instant, and boiled coffee consumption from self-administered questionnaires was available from 117,228 women in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) Study. We used flexible parametric survival models to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality by total coffee consumption and brewing methods, and adjusted for smoking status, number of pack-years, age at smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, body mass index, physical activity, and duration of education. During 3.2 million person-years of follow-up, a total of 16,106 deaths occurred. Compared to light coffee consumers (≤ 1 cup/day), we found a statistically significant inverse association with high-moderate total coffee consumption (more than 4 and up to 6 cups/day, HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83–0.94) and all-cause mortality. The adverse association between heavy filtered coffee consumption (> 6 cups/day) and all-cause mortality observed in the entire sample (HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01–1.17) was not found in never smokers (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.70–1.05). During the follow-up, both high-moderate total and filtered coffee consumption were inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.67–0.94; HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.94, respectively). The association was stronger in the analyses of never smokers (> 6 cups of filtered coffee/day HR 0.20; 95% CI 0.08–0.56). The consumption of more than 6 cups/day of filtered, instant, and coffee overall was found to increase the risk of cancer deaths during the follow-up. However, these associations were not statistically significant in the subgroup analyses of never smokers. The data from the NOWAC study indicate that the consumption of filtered coffee reduces the risk of cardiovascular deaths. The observed adverse association between coffee consumption and cancer mortality is most likely due to residual confounding by smoking.
Hoxd10 Is Required Systemically for Secretory Activation in Lactation and Interacts Genetically with Hoxd9
Authors: Landua John D. , Moraes Ricardo , Carpenter Ellen M. , Lewis Michael T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTargeted disruption of the murineHoxd10gene(ΔHoxd10)leads to a high frequency of localized (gland-to-gland or regionally within a gland) lactation impairment in homozygous mutant mice as a single gene mutation. The effect ofHoxd10disruption was enhanced by simultaneous disruption ofHoxd9 (ΔHoxd9/d10), a mutation shown previously to have no effect on mammary function as a single gene alteration. Mammary glands of homozygousΔHoxd10andΔHoxd9/d10females were indistinguishable from those of wild type littermate and age-matched control mice in late pregnancy. However, in lactation, 47% of homozygousΔHoxd10females, and 100% of homozygousΔHoxd9/d10females, showed localized or complete failure of two or more glands to undergo lactation-associated morphological changes and to secrete milk. Affected regions ofΔHoxd10andΔHoxd9/d10mutants showed reduced prolactin receptor expression, reduced signal transducer and activator transcription protein 5 (STAT5) phosphorylation, reduced expression of downstream milk proteins, mislocalized glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), increased STAT3 expression and phosphorylation, recruitment of leukocytes, altered cell cycle status, and increased apoptosis relative to unaffected regions and wild type control glands. Despite these local effects on alveolar function, transplantation results and hormone analysis indicate thatHoxd10primarily has systemic functions that confer attenuated STAT5 phosphorylation on both wild type andΔHoxd10transplants when placed inΔHoxd10hosts, thereby exacerbating an underlying propensity for lactation failure in C57Bl/6 mice.
Dissolution behavior of metal oxide nanomaterials in cell culture medium versus distilled water
Authors: Avramescu Mary-Luyza , Chénier Marc , Palaniyandi Srijanani , Rasmussen Pat E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSolubility is a key criterion used in the hazard assessment of metal oxide–engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). The present study investigated solubility of CuO, NiO, and TiO2ENMs compared with their bulk analogues in two aqueous media: water and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM). Particle size distributions were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS). After centrifugal separation, the dissolved metal fraction was quantified using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Overall, solubility of the metal oxides decreased in the order CuO ≥ NiO > TiO2in both media, with each ENM displaying higher solubility than its bulk analogue. However, the metal oxide ENMs responded differently to the two aqueous media, when comparing their solubility using a low initial concentration (10 mg/L) versus a high initial concentration (100 mg/L). In DMEM, both nano-CuO and nano-NiO displayed increased solubility at the higher initial concentration by 3.8-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively. In water, this trend was reversed, with both nano-CuO and nano-NiO displaying increased solubility at the lower initial concentration by 3.3-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively. Interestingly, solubility trends displayed by nano-TiO2were the opposite of those displayed by nano-CuO and nano-NiO. In DMEM, nano-TiO2displayed decreased solubility at the higher initial concentration (0.3-fold), whereas in water, nano-TiO2displayed increased solubility at the higher initial concentration (5.5-fold). These results show the importance of evaluating the solubility of ENMs in biologically relevant fluids at concentrations that correspond to toxicity assays, for the purposes of read-across and grouping ENMs.
Suitability of 2D modelling to evaluate flow properties in 3D porous media
Authors: Marafini Ester , La Rocca Michele , Fiori Aldo , Battiato Ilenia , Prestininzi Pietro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe employment of 2D models to investigate the properties of 3D flows in porous media is ubiquitous in the literature. The limitations of such approaches are often overlooked. Here, we assess to which extent 2D flows in porous media are suitable representations of 3D flows. To this purpose, we compare representative elementary volume (REV) scales obtained by 2D and 3D numerical simulations of flow in porous media. The stationarity of several quantities, namely porosity, permeability, mean and variance of velocity, is evaluated in terms of both classical and innovative statistics. The variance of velocity, strictly connected to the hydrodynamic dispersion, is included in the analysis in order to extend conclusions to transport phenomena. Pore scale flow is simulated by means of a Lattice Boltzmann model. The results from pore scale simulations point out that the 2D approach often leads to inconsistent results, due to the profound difference between 2D and 3D flows through porous media. We employ the error in the evaluation of REV as a quantitative measure for the reliability of a 2D approach. Moreover, we show that the acceptance threshold for a 2D representation to be valid strongly depends on which flow/transport quantity is sought.
Red cell differential width (RDW) as a predictor of survival outcomes with palliative and adjuvant chemotherapy for metastatic penile cancer
Authors: Patel Reena , English Louise , Liu Wing K. , Tree Alison C. , Ayres Benjamin , Watkin Nick , Pickering Lisa M. , Afshar Mehran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Red cell distribution width (RDW) measures red cells’ size variability. Metastatic penile cancer displays poor chemotherapy response. As no validated prognostic predictor exists, we investigated whether RDW correlates independently with survival outcomes in metastatic penile cancer treated by chemotherapy.

Methods
Electronic chemotherapy files of patients with metastatic penile cancer (M1 or N3) from a large academic supra-regional centre were retrospectively analysed between 2005 and 2018. Patients were stratified into RDW > 13.9% and < 13.9%, as per published data on RDW in renal cell carcinoma. Survival time was calculated from the date of chemotherapy initiation until the date of death.

Results
58 patients were analysed. The RDW-high group (n = 31) had a poorer survival than the RDW-low group (n = 27). Median overall survival (mOS) in all patients was 19.0 months (95% CI 13.1–24.9). mOS for RDW-high was 15.0 months (95% CI 10.1–19.9) and 37.0 months (95% CI 32.3–43.1) for RDW-low. Kaplan–Meier curves showed a clear disparity in survival (log rank p = 0.025). Cox proportional hazard ratio for death, corrected for T-stage, grade, age and deprivation score was 0.43 (p = 0.04). Sub-analysis of the M1 patients showed mOS in RDW-high of 17 m (95% CI 11.6–22.4) vs. NR; HR for death of 0.42. N3 patients’ mOS in RDW-high cohort was 30 months (95% CI 4.5–55.9) vs. 13 months (95% CI 1.8–24.2) in RDW-low; HR for death was 0.30.

Conclusion
RDW correlates independently with survival outcomes in metastatic penile cancer and may act as a potential predictor of survival outcomes for patients with metastatic penile cancer receiving chemotherapy.
Granzyme B PET Imaging of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combinations in Colon Cancer Phenotypes
Authors: Goggi J. L. , Tan Y. X. , Hartimath S. V. , Jieu B. , Hwang Y. Y. , Jiang L. , Boominathan R. , Cheng P. , Yuen T. Y. , Chin H. X. , Tang J. R. , Larbi A. , Chacko A. M. , Renia L. , Johannes C. , Robins Edward G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy and combination regimens are being actively pursued as strategies to improve durable response rates in cancer patients. However, the biology surrounding combination therapies is not well understood and may increase the likelihood of immune-mediated adverse events. Accurate stratification of ICI response by non-invasive PET imaging may help ensure safe therapy management across a wide number of cancer phenotypes.

Procedures
We have assessed the ability of a fluorine-labelled peptide, [18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP, targeting granzyme B, to stratify ICI response in two syngeneic models of colon cancer, CT26 and MC38. In vivo tumour uptake of [18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP following ICI monotherapy, or in combination with PD-1 was characterised and correlated with changes in tumour-associated immune cell populations.

Results
[18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP showed good predictive ability and correlated well with changes in tumour-associated T cells, especially CD8+ T cells; however, overall uptake and response to monotherapy or combination therapies was very different in the CT26 and MC38 tumours, likely due to the immunostimulatory environment imbued by the MSI-high phenotype in MC38 tumours.

Conclusions
[18F]AlF-mNOTA-GZP uptake correlates well with changes in CD8+ T cell populations and is able to stratify tumour response to a range of ICIs administered as monotherapies or in combination. However, tracer uptake can be significantly affected by preexisting phenotypic abnormalities potentially confusing data interpretation.
Hybride Organisationen führen – das Beispiel Hochschule
Authors: Busse Stefan 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungHybridität ist ein organisationssoziologisch etabliertes Konzept, dass die Multirationalität moderner Organisationen abbildet. Hybride Organisation spiegelt die komplexen und widersprüchlichen Beziehungen zu unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Sektoren wider. Exemplarisch wird dies an der Organisation Hochschule skizziert. Der Ausganspunkt ist der seit 2008 durch das Centrum für Hochschulentwicklung (CHE) prämierte Hochschulmanager/in des Jahres. Hier werden Führungskompetenzen prämiert, die im Beitrag zu den Anforderungen eines multirationalen Managens und hybriden Führens in Beziehung gesetzt werden. Daraus ergeben sich interessante Anknüpfungspunkte für Beratungsbedarfe (Coaching und Supervision) in Hochschulen als hybride Organisationen.