bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-party Turn-Taking in Repeated Human–Robot Interactions: An Interdisciplinary Evaluation
Authors: Żarkowski Mateusz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs social robots become more popular, so arises the need for these social agents to operate in environments involving multiple users. The robot control systems that govern these multi-party interactions require to be evaluated both from the technical and social standpoints. This paper presents the methodology, setup and results for experiment involving the social robot EMYS participating in multi-party interaction where pairs of participants interacted with the robot in a trivia questions game lead by the robot . In total 32 people, 16 pairs, interacted with the robot twice, which resulted in 32 interactions and 64 filled questionnaires. The developed robot’s multi-party interaction system was evaluated both in terms of performance and user assessment. The results show that the robot adhering to human turn-taking social norms reduced the number of occurring conversational errors, which improved the communicative performance from$$51.5\%$$51.5%to$$80.5\%$$80.5%, in addition, it made the robot perceived as more communicative, cooperative and fitting user expectations by up to 3 points on a 7 point scale. In addition, the study on repeated interactions revealed that user perception of the robot is affected by subsequent interactions, which can be of consequence in future experiments. This first impression caused lasting effect between 1 and 2 points on user assessment of several robot’s aspects, even when contradicted by objective performance measurement of the robot’s actual behavior.
Policy change implications for forest water protection in Sweden over the last 50 years
Authors: Hasselquist Eliza Maher , Mancheva Irina , Eckerberg Katarina , Laudon Hjalmar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImproving water quality has become an important environmental issue, spurred in part by the Water Framework Directive. However, the relationship of policy change with forest water protection measures is relatively unknown. We analyzed how policy and practice have developed in Sweden using 50 years of historic data from the Krycklan Catchment Study, focusing on riparian buffers. Corresponding to legislation, education and voluntary measures emphasizing stream protection, two step changes occurred; between the 1970s–1980s, buffers increased by 67%, then by 100% between 1990s and 2000s. By 2013, just 50% of the stream length affected by forestry was protected and the application has varied by stream size; small streams lacked a buffer approximately 65% of the time, while 90% of large streams had buffers. The doubling of buffer implementation from the 1990s–2000s corresponded to the adoption of a number of environmental protection policies in the 1990s that all came into effect during this period.
Membranous nephropathy associated with thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) in an adult woman with eosinophilia
Authors: Shirai Sayuri , Akiyama Shin’ichi , Kamijo-Ikemori Atsuko , Suzuki Tomo , Ichikawa Daisuke , Koike Junki , Kimura Kenjiro , Shibagaki Yugo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A 30-year-old woman on steroid therapy for eosinophilia presented with nephrotic syndrome during steroid tapering. She was diagnosed with membranous nephropathy (MN) stage II–III (positive for IgG1 and IgG4) by renal biopsy. There was no evidence of secondary MN. Her urinary protein level was controlled to 0.5 g/day or less, and her eosinophil count in white blood cell differential was stabilized at less than 10% without increasing the steroid dosage. The renal specimen did not show any enhanced granular expression of PLA2R along the glomerular basement membrane, and PLA2R was not detected in the patient’s serum. On retrospective analysis, enhanced granular staining for thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) in the glomeruli was detected in the biopsy, and anti-THSD7A IgG was detected in the serum using a commercial indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT). Based on these, the case was considered as THSD7A-associated MN with comorbid eosinophilia. The causal relationship between THSD7A-related MN and eosinophilia was unclear. However, a few cases of THSD7A-associated MN with eosinophilia have been reported, and further clarification on the relationship between THSD7A-related MN and eosinophilia is warranted.
The Group Insurance Contract in Private International Law
Authors: Fras Mariusz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe provisions on obligations under insurance relationships included in Article 7 of the Rome I Regulation are relatively complicated. However, although individual insurance contracts have their own legal regime in each Member State, only a few national legislators have decided to lay down the consequences of concluding a group insurance agreement. The Rome I Regulation does not include any special conflict of laws rule concerning group insurance contracts, which has been criticized in the literature on the subject.
Targeting the Most Harmful Offenders for an English Police Agency: Continuity and Change of Membership in the “Felonious Few”
Authors: Liggins Ashley , Ratcliffe Jerry H. , Bland Matthew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Research Question
How concentrated is the total harm of offences with detected offenders (identified suspects) among the complete list of all detected offenders in a given year in an English police agency, and how consistent is the list of highest-harm “felonious few” offenders from one year to the next?

Data
Characteristics of 327,566 crimes and 39,545 unique offenders as recorded by Northamptonshire Police in 7 years from 2010 to 2016 provide the basis for this analysis.

Methods
Crime and offender records were matched to harm weightings derived from the Cambridge Crime Harm Index (Sherman et al. 2016a; Sherman et al., Policing, 10(3), 171–183, 2016b). Descriptive statistics summarize a concentration of harm identifying the felonious few, changes over time in membership of the “few”, offender typologies and tests for escalation of severity, frequency and intermittency across repeated offences.

Findings
Crime harm is much more concentrated among offenders than crime volume: 80% of crime harm that is identified to an offender is linked to a felonious few of just 7% of all detected offenders. While chronic repeat offenders are the majority contributors to harm totals of this group, those with the most general range of offence types contribute the most harm. Individual members of the felonious few rarely maintain that position year on year; over 95% of each year’s list is composed of individuals not present in previous years. Within individual crime histories, we observe a pattern of de-escalation in crime harm per offence over time. “One-time” offenders, those with just one crime record, typically made up a third of the felonious few in both number and harm contribution.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate the potential to target a small number of repeat offenders for harm reduction strategies using a metric of total crime severity, not just volume, despite a substantial portion of crime harm caused by one-time offenders that may be largely unpredictable.
Preliminary Evidence for a Relationship Between Physiological Synchrony and Sexual Satisfaction in Opposite-Sex Couples
Authors: Freihart Bridget K. , Meston Cindy M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Over the past 3 decades, our understanding of physiological synchrony (PS) has increased substantially. Research has shown that interpersonal PS is stronger in relationships characterized by emotional closeness and intimacy and that the magnitude of PS is moderated by relational satisfaction. Despite growing momentum for this area of study, no research to date has examined the relationship between PS and sexual satisfaction.

Aim
The current study seeks to elucidate the relationship between PS and sexual satisfaction using study tasks that have been used in previous research to assess PS.

Methods
Heterosexual couples completed several survey measures in a laboratory setting. They were then connected to an electrocardiogram and instructed to complete baseline, gazing, and mirroring tasks. Subsequently, heart rate (HR) data for each dyad were analyzed for PS using a moderated multilevel modeling approach.

Main Outcome Measure
Scores on the Sexual Satisfaction Scale were used to moderate dyadic coherence between male and female partner HRs over time.

Results
PS was detected in our sample, with both men reliably predicting the HR of their female partners, and women reliably predicting the HR of their male partners. Akaike information criterion values indicate the better fitting model for each task was for men predicting the women’s HRs. A significant interaction effect was found between observed PS during the mirroring task (with male HR predicting female HR) and overall sexual satisfaction scores. There was no relationship between PS during baseline or gazing and overall sexual satisfaction.

Clinical Implications
Results provide initial evidence for the relevance of PS in sexual dyanmics.

Strengths & Limitations
The current analysis used a dyadic psychophysiological approach to extend the growing body of literature on PS into the theoretically linked field of sexuality. Because of the small sample size and nondirectional nature of the study design, future research is needed to replicate and extend findings.

Conclusion
The ability of couples to co-regulate while attempting actively to synchronize (as in the mirroring task) may be connected to how they perceive and experience their sexual relationship. Conversely, more sexually satisfied couples may be more likely to synchronize physiologically. Taken together, these findings reflect the first evidence that PS and sexual satisfaction may be associated at the couple-level.
Seasonal, monthly, and yearly variability of surgical site infections at a single institution—A report of more than 95,000 procedures
Authors: Roof Mackenzie A. , Hutzler Lorraine , Stachel Anna , Friedlander Scott , Phillips Michael , Bosco Joseph A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo determine whether deep surgical site infection (dSSI) rate exhibits temporal variability, dSSI rates following 98,068 cases were analyzed. The overall dSSI rate decreased significantly between 2009 and 2018. Summer had a significantly greater rate of dSSI than winter. There was no difference in dSSI rate in July versus other months.
Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and archaeology of Middle Pleistocene localities near Ceprano, Campogrande area, Italy
Authors: Biddittu Italo , Moncel Marie-Hélène , Milli Salvatore , Bellucci Luca , Ruffo Massimo , Saracino Barbara , Manzi Giorgio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Ceprano human calvarium, dated around 400,000 yr, is a well-known fossil specimen. It represents significant evidence of hominin presence in the Italian peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene and may be considered representative of an archaic variant of the widespread and polymorphic species Homo heidelbergensis. Since its discovery (March 1994), systematic surveys in the Campogrande area near Ceprano, central Italy, identified 12 localities (CG1-12) with archaeological and/or paleontological assemblages. On this basis, fieldwork was carried out at Campogrande between 2001 and 2006, including drilled cores and excavations, allowing a detailed description of the stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental context associated with the human fossil specimen and the archaeological materials. In the present paper we focus on the stratigraphy and sedimentological features of the uppermost deposits, coupled with a detailed appraisal of the available lithic assemblages that mostly belongs to overlying sediments (CG9 and CG10 localities). We conclude that the Ceprano hominin died in a floodplain environment with a low topographic gradient, where a fluvial meandering channel occurred. The archaeological materials describe a network of sites that document common behavioural features of human groups of the mid-to-late Middle Pleistocene, representing evidence of the regionalization observed across Europe after Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 12.
The association between dietary energy intake and the risk of mortality in maintenance haemodialysis patients: a multi-centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Yaya , Qin Xianhui , Li Yan , Lei Zihan , Li Yumin , Yang Shenglin , Li Youbao , Kong Yaozhong , Lu Yongxin , Zhao Yanhong , Wan Qijun , Wang Qi , Huang Sheng , Liu Yan , Liu Aiqun , Liu Fanna , Hou Fanfan , Liang Min 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMaintenance haemodialysis (MHD) is the use of a machine to filter wastes, salts and fluid from blood for at least 3 months to prolong the life of patients with advanced kidney failure. Although low dietary energy intake (DEI) has been observed in MHD patients, few studies have related DEI to the risk of mortality. To explore this relationship, a study included 1039 MHD patients from eight centres was conducted. DEI was assessed by three 24-h diet recalls and was normalised to ideal body weight (IBW). All-cause mortality and CVD mortality were the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. During a median follow-up of 28 months, a U-shaped relationship was observed between DEI and all-cause or CVD mortality. The risk of all-cause mortality decreased significantly with the increase of DEI in participants with DEI <167·4 kJ/kg IBW per d (hazard ratio (HR) 0·98; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·00) and increased significantly with the increase of DEI in those with DEI ≥167·4 kJ/kg IBW per d (HR 1·12; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·20). Similarly, the risk of CVD mortality decreased with the increase of DEI in participants with DEI <152·7 kJ/kg IBW per d (HR 0·96; 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) and increased with the increase of DEI in participants with DEI ≥152·7 kJ/kg IBW per d (HR 1·11; 95 % CI 1·04, 1·18). In summary, there was a U-shaped association between DEI and all-cause or CVD mortality, with a turning point at about 167·4 and 152·7 kJ/kg IBW per d, respectively, in MHD patients.
Quo vadis, Tommotian?
Authors: Grazhdankin Dmitriy V. , Marusin Vasiliy V. , Izokh Olga P. , Karlova Galina A. , Kochnev Boris B. , Markov Georgiy E. , Nagovitsin Konstantin E. , Sarsembaev Zhiger , Peek Sara , Cui Huan , Kaufman Alan J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe concept of the Tommotian Regional Stage of the Siberian Platform has been closely linked to the idea of the ‘Cambrian Explosion’ of animals and protists when the entire Earth system shifted rapidly into Phanerozoic mode. We conducted a multidisciplinary study of an informal ‘synstratotype’ of the lower Tommotian boundary in the upper Mattaia Formation, Kessyusa Group in the Olenek Uplift, NE of the Siberian Platform. The Mattaia Formation characterizes an upper shoreface to inner-shelf depositional setting and provides important faunal ties and correlation with carbonate-dominated and aliminosiliciclastic open-shelf areas. A section of the upper Mattaia Formation at Boroulakh, Olenek River is suggested here as a model for the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Cambrian Stage 2. This level contains the lowermost occurrence of the cosmopolitan fossil helcionelloid molluscAldanella attleborensis. Section global markers near the base of the stage include a positive excursion of δ13C values reaching +5.4‰, a U–Pb zircon date of 529.7 ± 0.3 Ma, massive appearance of diverse small skeletal fossils (includingWatsonella crosbyi), a sudden increase in diversity and abundance of trace fossils, as well as a conspicuous increase in depth and intensity of bioturbation. Coincidently, it is this level that has always been regarded as the lower Tommotian boundary on the Olenek Uplift.
(Re)conceptualising physical activity participation as career
Authors: Palmer Victoria J. , Bowness James , Tulle Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhysical activity is increasingly positioned as playing an important role in preventing and mitigating many of the decrements associated with biological ageing. As a result, public health messages encourage older people to remain active in later life. Despite this, physical activity participation rates among older adults are low. This may be in part related to the conventional approach to understanding physical activity participation as a product of motivation. We contend that this approach does not allow for a deeper exploration of the wider structural, historical and discursive contexts in which physical activity participation occurs. Therefore, we propose that physical activity can be reconceptualised as a career. Through a synthesis of findings from four studies exploring physical activity experiences in later life, we demonstrate that beginning and maintaining a physical activity career requires a disposition towards physical activity, the legitimation of physically active practices and dealing with contingencies. In addition, we demonstrate that maintaining a physical activity career requires investment and deliberation to adapt physical activity practices continually within an individual's own personal biography. As such, we conclude that current strategies to promote physical activity to older adults are unlikely to result in increased levels of participation. To promote physical activity to older adults an understanding of how structural, cultural and historical contexts influence participation is needed.
Reliability and validity of the Arabic translation of the palliative performance scale
Authors: Abdelhafeez Ahmed A.M. , Makady Nafie F. , Hafez Ola , Atallah Catherine N. , Alsirafy Samy A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to translate the Palliative Performance Scale (PPSv2) into Arabic and to test the reliability and validity of the PPS Arabic translation (PPS-Arabic).MethodThe PPSv2 was translated into Modern Standard Arabic using a forward–backward method. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities were tested in a pilot study that included 20 patients. The validation study included 150 cancer patients. Patients were divided according to their treatment plan into three groups (in-remission, palliative chemotherapy, and best supportive care) to perform hypothesis-testing construct validity. Validity was further evaluated by correlating PPS-Arabic with the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale, and Physical Functioning (PF2) and Role Functioning (RF2) scales of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30).ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficients for the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were 0.935 (95% CI: 0.88–0.965; p < 0.001) and 0.965 (95% CI: 0.934–0.981; p < 0.001), respectively. The PPS-Arabic internal consistency Cronbach's alpha was 0.986. The average PPS-Arabic score differed significantly (p < 0.001) between the three groups of patients being 89 for in-remission, 58 for palliative chemotherapy, and 38 for best supportive care. The PPS-Arabic score correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with the KPS, ECOG performance scale, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 PF2 and RF2 scales.ConclusionThe PPS-Arabic is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of performance status of cancer patients.
A Web‐Based Integrated Modeling and Simulation Method for Forest Growth Research
Authors: Ma Zaiyang , Chen Min , Zhang Beichen , Wang Ming , Shen Chaoran , Yue Songshan , Wen Yongning , Lü Guonian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo facilitate forest research, simulations of the whole forest growth process can be employed to analyze forest dynamics and predict forest yields. Different forest growth models can be integrated for comprehensive process simulation and thus can assist forest growth research. With the development of network technologies, a web environment can provide cross‐platform capability and wide availability for distributed researchers. In order to serve the simulation of complex forest growth processes and help online forest growth research, this article proposes a web‐based integrated modeling and simulation method for forest growth research. The proposed method includes three steps, namely, model preparation, model integration, and forest growth simulation. The corresponding implementation strategies are designed to prepare forest growth models, integrate different models, preprocess model data, and implement forest growth simulations for integrated modeling and simulations via the web. Two applications in the comprehensive prediction of forest growth and comparison of different forest management decisions are introduced to verify the feasibility and capability of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed web‐based integrated modeling and simulation method can be used conveniently for comprehensive simulations of forest growth research.
Natural Lakes Are a Minor Global Source of N2O to the Atmosphere
Authors: Lauerwald R. , Regnier P. , Figueiredo V. , Enrich‐Prast A. , Bastviken D. , Lehner B. , Maavara T. , Raymond P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNatural lakes and reservoirs are important yet not well‐constrained sources of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere. In particular for N2O emissions, a huge variability is observed in the few, observation‐driven flux estimates that have been published so far. Recently, a process‐based, spatially explicit model has been used to estimate global N2O emissions from more than 6,000 reservoirs based on nitrogen (N) and phosphorous inflows and water residence time. Here we extend the model to a data set of 1.4 million standing water bodies comprising natural lakes and reservoirs. For validation, we normalized the simulated N2O emissions by the surface area of each water body and compared them against regional averages of N2O emission rates taken from the literature or estimated based on observed N2O concentrations. We estimate that natural lakes and reservoirs together emit 4.5 ± 2.9 Gmol N2O‐N year−1 globally. Our global‐scale estimate falls in the far lower end of existing, observation‐driven estimates. Natural lakes contribute only about half of this flux, although they contribute 91% of the total surface area of standing water bodies. Hence, the mean N2O emission rates per surface area are substantially lower for natural lakes than for reservoirs with 0.8 ± 0.5 versus 9.6 ± 6.0 mmol N·m−2·year−1, respectively. This finding can be explained by on average lower external N inputs to natural lakes. We conclude that upscaling‐based estimates, which do not distinguish natural lakes from reservoirs, are prone to important biases.