bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prehospital neuromuscular blockade post OHCA: UK's first paramedic-delivered protocol
Authors: Durham Mark , Westhead Pete , Griffiths David , Lyon Richard , Lau-Walker Margaret 
Published: May 2020

Background: Since 2016, critical care paramedics from the South East Coast Ambulance Service have offered neuromuscular blockade to patients for ventilatory/airway control after cardiac arrest. Aims: To examine the first cases of paramedic-delivered neuromuscular blockade, and evaluate the prevalence of its use and safety. Methods: Retrospective service evaluation of patients receiving post-arrest paralysis during the study period from 1 April 2016 until 31 July 2017. Findings: The study included 127 patients. The mean age of administration was 63 years, mean weight was 80 kg (SD: 19 kg), dose was 1 mg/kg and median time from rocuronium administration to hospital was 32 minutes (IQR 20–43 minutes). Three patients (2.3%) experienced a minor adverse incident. There were no major airway complications, nor other significant adverse incidents. Thirty-seven patients (31%) survived to discharge. Conclusion: From this patient group, paramedic-administered rocuronium in intubated patients who have experienced a cardiac arrest and a return of spontaneous circulation appears to be safe, but further interventional research is required to determine whether this improves patient outcomes.
Sacral fractures: issues, challenges, solutions
Authors: Santolini Emmanuele , Kanakaris Nikolaos K. , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: May 2020

Sacral fractures are a heterogeneous group of fractures occurring in young people following road traffic accidents and falls from height, or in the elderly with osteoporosis following trivial trauma. This heterogeneity, combined with the low incidence of sacral fractures, determines a lack of experience amongst physicians, often leading to misdiagnosis, underestimation and inadequate treatment. The diagnosis should be made by assessing specific features during the clinical presentation, while computed tomography (CT) scan continues to be the choice of investigation. Sacral fractures can be treated non-operatively or surgically. Non-operative treatment is based on rest, pain relief therapy and early mobilization as tolerated. Surgical techniques can be split into two main groups: posterior pelvic fixation techniques and lumbopelvic fixation techniques. Anterior pelvic fixation techniques should be considered when sacral fractures are associated with anterior pelvic ring injuries, in order to increase stability and reduce the risk of posterior implant failure. To improve fracture reduction, different solutions could be adopted, including special positioning of the patient, manipulation techniques and use of specific reduction tools. Patients suffering from spinopelvic dissociation with associated neurologic lesions hardly ever recover completely, with residual lower-limb neurologic sequelae, urinary problems and sexual disfunction. Herein, we present issues, challenges and solutions related to the management of sacral fractures.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:299-311. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190064
Femtosecond synchronization of multiple mode-locked lasers and a microwave oscillator by multicolor electro-optic sampling
Authors: Kwon Dohyeon , Jeon Chan-Gi , Kim Dohyun , Jeon Igju , Kim Jungwon 
Published: May 2020

Simple multicolor electro-optic sampling-based femtosecond synchronization of multiple mode-locked lasers is demonstrated. Parallel timing error detection between each laser and a common microwave is achieved by wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing. The parallel timing error detection enables simultaneous femtosecond synchronization of more than two mode-locked lasers to the microwave oscillator, even when the lasers have different repetition rates. The residual root-mean-square (rms) timing jitter of laser–laser synchronization measured by an optical cross correlator is 2.6 fs (integration bandwidth, 100 Hz–1 MHz), which is limited by the actuator bandwidth in the laser oscillator. The long-term rms timing drift and frequency instability of laser–microwave synchronization are 7.1 fs (over 10,000 s) and

5.5

×

10

−
18

(over 2000 s averaging time), respectively. As a versatile and reconfigurable tool for laser–laser and laser–microwave synchronization, the demonstrated method can be used for various applications ranging from ultrafast x-ray and electron science facilities to dual- and triple-comb spectroscopy.
Critical Times in Greece: Anthropological Engagements with the Crisis, Dimitris Dalakoglou and Georgios Agelopoulos (eds) (2018)
Authors: Kyriakopoulos Leandros 
Published: May 2020

Review of: Critical Times in Greece: Anthropological Engagements with the Crisis, Dimitris Dalakoglou and Georgios Agelopoulos (eds) (2018)
London and New York: Routledge, 279 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13823-777-3, h/bk, £88.00,
ISBN 978-1-31529-903-7, eBook, £20.00
Exile, the weight of history, art and transcendence: Jannis Kounellis and Takis
Authors: Durden Mark 
Published: May 2020

Review of: Exile, the weight of history, art and transcendence: Jannis Kounellis and Takis
Jannis Kounellis: Fondazione Prada, Venezia, 11 May–24 November 2019
Takis: Sculptor of Magnetism, Light and Sound, Tate Modern, 3 July–27 October 2019
Like a Letter, You
Authors: Barness Jessica , Giles Vince 
Published: May 2020

Like a Letter, You is a collaborative investigation focused on the concept of ‘conversation as an object’. Originally recorded as part of a larger self-produced project titled hEar Pixels, this track manifests as an experimental soundbased reconfiguration of an original essay about handwritten correspondence: How might an analog essay be performed as a digital assemblage of sound? In what ways are the methods of a DJ tied to speech, literature, and dialog? The track is composed using a cut-and-paste process of ‘utterances’, which may be described as units of speech distinct from language that may be oral or written and are inevitably completed by a response[1] which inevitably forms a dialog. Further, these speech units may manifest through gestures associated with digital tools as a form of cultural production[2]. Like a Letter, You includes a reading of the essay aloud, snippets of informal spoken conversations between the authors, and musical bits generated with a touch-based audio mixing platform. In effect, Like a Letter, You embodies the concepts of writing, dialog, and gesture within the genre of sound literature, and it also speaks to the unpredictable nature of collaboration and human interaction.
[1] BAKHTIN, Mikhail (1986). Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. Austin: University of Texas Press.[2] NOLAND, Carrie (2009). Agency and Embodiment: Performing Gestures/Producing Culture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Um Episódio Piloto para a Nova Temporada dos Estudos de Serialidade
Authors: Ezerin Ian 
Published: May 2020

Recensão crítica de Rob Allen e Thijs van den Berg, eds., Serialization in Popular Culture, New York, NY: Routledge, 2014. 210 pp. ISBN 978-0-203-76215-7.
Serialization in Popular Culture representa um dos primeiros resultados do mais recente esforço na área dos estudos sobre a serialização, que passa a dispor deste livro publicado por uma editora de renome. Se considerar a coletânea como um episódio piloto projetado para testar o potencial desta nova temporada, julgo possível admitir que, pese embora as extravagâncias de alguns contributos, o livro justifica a continuação do trabalho na área e, portanto, a ‘serialização’ dos estudos de carater transmedial e transhistórico, com ligação à tradição, mas com a ênfase nas particularidades emergentes da afirmação do meio digital.
A Review on Coronaviruses: The Infectious Agent to Animals and Human
Authors: Dharmayanti NiLuh Putu Indi , Nurjanah Diana 
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus is a non-segmented, positive-stranded RNA virus with four main structural proteins, namely Spike (S), Membrane (M), Envelope (E), and Nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Coronavirus can cause diseases in the respiratory and digestive tract, as well as in central nervous system of animals and humans. There are four genera in the Orthocoronavirinae subfamily, including <em>Alphacoronavirus</em>, <em>Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus</em>, and <em>Deltacoronavirus</em>. <em>Alphacoronavirus </em>and <em>Betacoronavirus </em>are commonly found in mammals, while <em>Gammacoronavirus </em>and <em>Deltacoronavirus </em>are found to infect birds and mammals. Until 2018, zoonoses coronaviruses consisted of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Coronavirus became worldwide concern after it was identified as the cause of the pneumonia outbreak occurred at the end of 2019 in China. The coronavirus is associated with the fish market in Wuhan, then the disease is called COVID-19 (Coronavirus Infectious Diseases-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2. Virus SARS-CoV-2 has infected &gt;1.6 million people around the world and until the end of March 2020, it caused more than 99.000 deaths including 3.512 cases with the total number of deaths to 306 in Indonesia. This paper discusses Coronavirus and scientific information related to Coronaviruses in which several variants are zoonoses.
SERVICE QUALITY MEDIATION EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, AND LEARNING ORIENTATION, ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STARS HOTELS IN EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Yudhyani Eka 
Published: May 2020

This study aims to prove and analyze service quality as a mediating variable of the influence of entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation on the performance of star hotels in East Kalimantan.
The results of research and testing using PLS with the SmartPLS v.3 program show (1) Entrepreneurial orientation has no signifikan effect on service quality.(2) Learning orientation has a positive and significant effect on service quality.(3) Entrepreneurial orientation has a positive and significant effect on hotel performance. (4) Learning orientation has no significant effect on hotel performance.(5)Sevice quality has a positive and significant effect on hotel performance
This study was conducted to test the model of the effect of entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation on service quality and hotel performance and the result show that the model developed in this study is acceptable, meaning that the model in this study can be used as a model to improve performance star hotel in East Kalimantan.
Factors influencing social media usage among Farm youth in rural communities of Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria
Authors: Oluyaire Bankole , S. B. Abdulkarim , G. Lukman , Danbaki C. A. , O. O. Samson , C. O. Akure , A. F. Aderounmu , L. G. Lapkat , A. A. Adetunji , Bako Amos 
Published: May 2020

The study assessed factors influencing social media usage for agricultural information dissemination among farm youth in rural communities of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling was used to select 212 respondents. Structured interview schedule was used to collect data, and analysed with descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The result from the study showed that majority (59.9%) of the farm youth were between the ages of 15 and 24 years with mean age range of 23.82.76, 68% had completed secondary school while 68% practiced Christianity. The study further identified socioeconomic and social media related as two factors that emerged from factor analysis of ten variables. The study recommended that the use of social media for agricultural information dissemination should consider users’ education, values and culture as well as the availability and accessibility of the media and, the level of knowledge of social media the beneficiaries have for maximum benefit.
THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF BODABODA TRANSPORT BUSINESS AMONG YOUTHS IN ARUSHA- COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Authors: Luvinga Kepha , Kilasara Simon 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This study reports upon the findings on the cost and profitability of bodaboda transport business among youths in Arusha. As used in this study, the term bodaboda applies for a two wheeled motorized taxi which provides ‘for hire’ type transport services to passengers and goods. The bodaboda have became an employment opportunity to many unskilled urban labour and further job opportunity to informal sector workers who wish to switch jobs in search of higher rewards. The questionnaires were used to collect data to 90 respondents from two districts of Arusha region namely Arusha and Meru district. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and cost benefit analysis. The finding from the study indicates that the bodaboda transport business is profitable with the benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.8 and the net present value (NPV) of 8,494,920Tsh for five years project duration.
By having the benefit cost ratio and the net present value greater than 1, the bodaboda business is profitable and worth being undertaken. Based on the findings from the study it is recommended that the government authorities and all key stakeholders should regulate, and support the implementation of bodaboda bussiness through formalization of bodaboda associations, assurance of financial supports and capacity building to youths who engage or willing to engage in the business.
Microbiological quality of poultry food and water used in chicken breeding farm in the peri-urban area of Bamako, Mali
Authors: Toure H. , Maiga O. S. , SAMAKE Mamadou , Touré O. , Traoré A. , Touré I. , Traoré A. S. , S. Kéita , Maiga A. , Coulibaly M. , Camara M. , Babana A. , Traoré M. , Ouattara M. , Yattara I. I. 
Published: May 2020

The peri-urban area of Bamako contains many chicken breeding production farms. The conditions of these farms can constitute risk factors. The insufficiency of scientific data relating to the environment of those farms and to the various inputs makes it difficult to determine their real impact on the sanitary quality of food.
Our study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of the food and water used in 15 farms in the peri-urban area of Bamako.
The results showed that all of the analyzed water samples had more or less aflatoxin content with a maximum value of 12.2 ppb observed on the Bamako-Tienfala axis. The presence of mould was also detected in 46.6% of the water samples analyzed with a higher frequency in well water, i.e. 26.66%.
Salmonella contamination of water has been observed in samples taken on all axes, with a strong dominance on the Bamako-Kati axis. For poultry foods the samples taken from farms on the Bamako-Kassela and Bamako-Siby axes were positive.
Poultry food and water used in chicken breeding production are risk factors identified in the production system.
Perception of creative economy in supporting family economy In Jayapura City.
Authors: Iek Mesak , Ratang Sarlota Arrang 
Published: May 2020

Iek Mesak , Ratang sarlota, 2019, perception of creative economy in supporting family Peekonomian in Jayapura city. (case study on culinary and craft subfields)
With 51 respondents creative economic actors on sub-fields of culinary and sub-field of crafts in Jayapura city. The purpose of this research is to analyze the perception of creative economic actors (Asar fish and noken bags) in supporting the family economy in Jayapura City., analyzing the influence of capital and Labor on the income of business actors (culinary target fish and A noken bag maker) in Jayapura City. The results of the study are: 1) for the characteristics of the respondent indicates that the average age of respondents showed that most at the age of 31 – 40 years as much as 30 respondents or 58.8%. It shows that the creative business in Jayapura is at a productive age. While seen from the most genders, women who do creative effort 40 respondents or 94.1%. This shows that women are a very important role in the creative business in Jayapura City. And the last is the type of business that is Almost balanced between the culinary creative effort one of them is the making of the target fish and from the side of the craft is making a noken bag. 2). For the factor that affects the income there are 2 namely capital and labor. And the analysis shows that the capital (X1) has a significant influence between the capital to the income of Business (Y).. While the workforce (X2) has a weak and insignificant impact on the income of businessmen
Healthcare professional awareness of eating disorders in people with type 1 diabetes: a staff survey
Authors: Brewster Sarah , Partridge Helen , Cross Caroline , Price Hermione 
Published: May 2020

Background: People with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of eating disorders. ‘Diabulimia’ is a term used in academic literature and social media to describe insulin omission/restriction in type 1 diabetes for fear of weight gain. The condition is associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality.Aim: To determine healthcare professional awareness and knowledge of eating disorders in type 1 diabetes.Method: A short, cross-sectional, online healthcare professional survey across primary, secondary and community settings.Results: The study will report in 2020.Discussion and Conclusion: Results from the survey will establish the awareness and knowledge of diabulimia amongst healthcare professionals, helping to inform the requirement for subsequent healthcare professional training on the identification, sign posting and referring of vulnerable individuals to specialist care as appropriate. These data are important in the subsequent development of services to support people with eating disorders in the context of type 1 diabetes.
Fear and Foxes: An Educational Primer for Use with “Anterior Pituitary Transcriptome Suggests Differences in ACTH Release in Tame and Aggressive Foxes”
Authors: Simpson Julie H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The way genes contribute to behavior is complicated. Although there are some single genes with large contributions, most behavioral differences are due to small effects from many interacting genes. This makes it hard to identify the genes that cause behavioral differences. Mutagenesis screens in model organisms, selective breeding experiments in animals, comparisons between related populations with different behaviors, and genome-wide association studies in humans are promising and complementary approaches to understanding the heritable aspects of complex behaviors. To connect genes to behaviors requires measuring behavioral differences, locating correlated genetic changes, determining when, where, and how these candidate genes act, and designing causative confirmatory experiments. This area of research has implications from basic discovery science to human mental health.
Phenotypic Plasticity: From Theory and Genetics to Current and Future Challenges
Authors: Sommer Ralf J 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is defined as the property of organisms to produce distinct phenotypes in response to environmental variation. While for more than a century, biologists have proposed this organismal feature...Phenotypic plasticity is defined as the property of organisms to produce distinct phenotypes in response to environmental variation. While for more than a century, biologists have proposed this organismal feature to play an important role in evolution and the origin of novelty, the idea has remained contentious. Plasticity is found in all domains of life, but only recently has there been an increase in empirical studies. This contribution is intended as a fresh view and will discuss current and future challenges of plasticity research, and the need to identify associated molecular mechanisms. After a brief summary of conceptual, theoretical, and historical aspects, some of which were responsible for confusion and contention, I will formulate three major research directions and predictions for the role of plasticity as a facilitator of novelty. These predictions result in a four-step model that, when properly filled with molecular mechanisms, will reveal plasticity as a major factor of evolution. Such mechanistic insight must be complemented with comparative investigations to show that plasticity has indeed created novelty and innovation. Together, such studies will help develop a true developmental evolutionary biology.
Application of Agent-based Modeling for Cultural Information-based Decisions Making
Authors: Laužikas Rimvydas , Plikynas Darius , Dulskis Vytautas , Sakalauskas Leonidas , Miliauskas Arūnas 
Published: May 2020

The impact of cultural processes on personal and social changes is one of the important research issues not only in contemporary social sciences but also for simulation of future development scenarios and evidence-based policy decision making. In the context of the theoretical concept of cultural values, based on the system theory and theory of social capital, the impact of cultural events could be analyzed and simulated by focussing on the construction/deconstruction of social capital, which takes place throughout the actor’s cultural participation. The main goal of this research is the development of measuring metrics, and agent-based simulation model aimed at investigation of the social impact of cultural processes. This paper provides new insights of modeling the social capital changes in a society and its groups, depending on cultural participation. The proposed measurement metrics provide the measurement facility of three key components: actors, cultural events and events flow and social capital. It provides the initial proof of concept simulation results, - simplified agent-based simulation model showcase. The NetLogo MAS platform is used as a simulation environment.
Tummy Time and Infant Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hewitt Lyndel , Kerr Erin , Stanley Rebecca M. , Okely Anthony D. 
Published: May 2020

CONTEXT:
The World Health Organization recommends tummy time for infants because of the benefits of improved motor development and reduced likelihood of plagiocephaly. Because of poor uptake of these recommendations, the association of tummy time with other health outcomes requires further investigation.

OBJECTIVE:
To review existing evidence regarding the association of tummy time with a broad and specific range of infant health outcomes.

DATA SOURCES:
Electronic databases were searched between June 2018 and April 2019.

STUDY SELECTION:
Peer-reviewed English-language articles were included if they investigated a population of healthy infants (0 to 12 months), using an observational or experimental study design containing an objective or subjective measure of tummy time which examined the association with a health outcome (adiposity, motor development, psychosocial health, cognitive development, fitness, cardiometabolic health, or risks/harms).

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed their quality.

RESULTS:
Sixteen articles representing 4237 participants from 8 countries were included. Tummy time was positively associated with gross motor and total development, a reduction in the BMI-z score, prevention of brachycephaly, and the ability to move while prone, supine, crawling, and rolling. An indeterminate association was found for social and cognitive domains, plagiocephaly, walking, standing, and sitting. No association was found for fine motor development and communication.

LIMITATIONS:
Most studies were observational in design and lacked the robustness of a randomized controlled trial. High selection and performance bias were also present.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings guide the prioritization of interventions aimed at assisting parents meet the global and national physical activity guidelines.