bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimising health outcomes via pharmacist delivered telehealth medicines management: a systematic review
Authors: Lowry Samuel J. , Kay Charlotte N. , Marsom Erica N. , Park Joon Soo , Poole Susan , Page Amy T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPharmacist‐led telehealth is an innovative service delivery model that may provide an alternative mode of care. It remains unclear how surrogate markers of health conditions differ when pharmacist services are delivered via telehealth compared to usual care.AimsTo assess if pharmacist‐led telehealth interventions alter surrogate markers of health conditions.MethodsPharmacist‐led telehealth interventions compared to another active intervention for people using one or more regular medicines were included that reported surrogate markers of health conditions. Scopus, Embase, Medline and CINAHL were searched from inception to May 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials. Researchers screened articles to identify eligible studies, then data were extracted using a standardised data collection sheet. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data were reported as risk ratio and mean difference with corresponding 95% confidence intervals.ResultsOf 1896 titles identified, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. Telehealth interventions by pharmacists consisted of multifaceted interventions with contact over differing time durations. Some blood pressure and oral anticoagulation clinical outcomes were improved in the pharmacist‐led telehealth group compared to the control group. However, the majority of outcomes were similar in both groups.ConclusionThis study identified that pharmacist‐led telehealth interventions for a select range of chronic health conditions provides an acceptable adjunct to usual care and results in similar health outcomes for surrogate markers when compared to usual care.
Neoadjuvant therapy versus upfront surgery for early‐stage left‐sided pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A propensity‐matched analysis from a national cohort of distal pancreatectomies
Authors: Nassour Ibrahim , Adam Mohamed A. , Kowalsky Stacy , Al Masri Samer , Bahary Nathan , Singhi Aatur D. , Lee Kenneth , Zureikat Amer , Paniccia Alessandro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited data on the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for early‐stage distal pancreas adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Previous studies focused on adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas or dealt with borderline and locally advanced tumors of the body and tail.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of the National Cancer Database between 2006 and 2015. A propensity‐matched analysis was performed to compare overall survival estimates between NAT and upfront resection (UR) groups.ResultsA total of 5003 distal pancreatectomies for PDAC were identified, of whom 408 (9%) received NAT. After 1:1 matching, 353 NAT patients were compared with 353 UR patients. NAT was associated with lower 90‐day mortality. There were no differences in the number of lymph nodes retrieved, or length of stay. With matching, the NAT group had higher median overall survival compared with UR (33.0 vs. 27.0 months; p = 0.009) and adjusted overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.63, 95% confidence interval = 0.51‐0.77; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe receipt of NAT followed by distal pancreatectomy for early‐stage distal PDAC is associated with improved overall survival compared with UR. This study supports the use of NAT in the multimodal therapy paradigm of early‐stage adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas.
Bond additivity corrections for CBS‐QB3 calculated standard enthalpies of formation of H, C, O, N, and S containing species
Authors: Pappijn Cato A.R. , Vermeire Florence H. , Van de Vijver Ruben , Reyniers Marie‐Françoise , Marin Guy B. , Van Geem Kevin M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA prerequisite for the generation of detailed fundamental kinetic models is the availability of accurate thermodynamic properties. To address the scarcity of accurate experimental data, theoretical calculations can be used. The accuracy of these quantum chemistry methods for determination of thermodynamic properties can be improved by making use of empirical correction methods, such as the isodesmic bond additivity correction (BAC) method. In this work, ab initio calculations for a set of 371 molecules have been performed to determine a new set of BACs for the CBS‐QB3 level of theory. For each of these molecules also accurate experimental data, that is with an experimental uncertainty less than 3 kJ mol−1, is available. This broad dataset of hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds contains (non)cyclic molecules with a wide range of functional groups consisting of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The new set of 26 BAC parameters is obtained via linear regression analysis, minimizing the differences between experimental and corrected CBS‐QB3 values. The CBS‐QB3 method combined with BACs succeeds in approximating the experimental standard enthalpy of formation at 298 K with an accuracy of 4 kJ mol−1 for almost all species. The BACs reduce the mean absolute deviation for the complete dataset from 5.65 to 2.37 kJ mol−1, corresponding to a decrease of the root mean square deviation from 6.95 to 3.00 kJ mol−1.
Adherence to Subspecialty Guidelines in the Emergency Department
Authors: Taufique Zahrah , Timen Micah , Swartz Jordan L. , Friedmann David R. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThe American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery has published clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to guide management of common otolaryngologic (ENT) conditions. While these CPGs have been disseminated within specialty journals, many patients' first presentation of certain ENT complaints is to primary and acute care settings, including the emergency department (ED). It is less clear whether practice in these settings is concordant with specialty CPGs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective review of medical records was performed at an academic tertiary care center with ED diagnoses of 1) Bell's palsy/facial weakness (BP) or 2) acute otitis externa (AOE) from May 2014–June 2018. Individual chart abstraction was performed for all encounters with these diagnoses for the purpose of assessing providers' adherence to CPGs.ResultsDuring the study period, 224 patients were diagnosed with BP and 465 patients were diagnosed with AOE. Of the patients diagnosed with BP, 94% (n = 211/224) were prescribed oral steroids, concordant with guidelines, while 36% of these patients received head computed tomography (CT) scans and 43% received laboratory tests, counter to the guidelines. For those with a diagnosis of AOE, 28.6% received topical antibiotics only as primary treatment (n = 133/465) in accordance with guidelines while systemic antibiotics were prescribed in 42.2% (n = 196/465) discordant with the guidelines and 29.2% received both topical and systemic antibiotics (n = 136/465).ConclusionsCPGs developed by subspecialty societies provide evidence‐based recommendations for the care of patients with particular conditions, but may not be disseminated broadly outside of the specialty. Further research is required to understand the reasons behind divergent management of such conditions.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:1266–1270, 2021
Is Ethmoidal Air Cell Count Relevant in Chronic Rhinosinusitis?
Authors: Meier Eva C. , Terryn Stefanie L. , Binz Gregori H. A. , Meerwein Christian M. , Soyka Michael B. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives/HypothesisStudies analyzing the association between the total number of ethmoid cells (EC) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are missing. Our aim was to analyze the total number of EC in patients with and without CRS.Study DesignRetrospective case‐control study.MethodsA total of 50 computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with CRS, 14 CT scans of patients with odontogenic CRS, and 50 CT scans of healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. The number of EC has been determined for each side separately.ResultsIn total 228 sides have been analyzed. The bilateral total EC count in both planes was more than 2 cells higher, when comparing CRS patients to healthy controls or odontogenic CRS patients (P < .01). No difference was observed, when comparing healthy and odontogenic CRS patients.ConclusionThe number of EC on CT of CRS patients is significantly higher than in both, the healthy and the odontogenic CRS control group. Cell count could contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:1212–1216, 2021
Shift in the larval phenology of a marine ectotherm due to ocean warming with consequences for larval transport
Authors: McGeady Ryan , Lordan Colm , Power Anne Marie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBecause environmental temperature has an important influence on developmental rate and physiology, marine ectotherms are vulnerable to phenology changes due to ocean warming. Identifying changes to phenology, the timing of biological events, and understanding their effect on recruitment and abundance is of critical importance to establish potential population effects. We examined the larval phenology of the commercially important Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) and used a larval transport model to examine its effect on simulated transport patterns. Using a model to estimate annual larval release dates based on temperature‐dependent embryo incubation, an earlier shift of 17.2 d occurred between 1982–1995 and 2000–2010 in the Irish Sea, similar to an observed empirical shift in phenology of 19.1 d using historical zooplankton data sets. Despite this earlier phenology, temperature‐dependent pelagic larval durations were unchanged because the water column to which larvae were released earlier had also warmed. Larval transport simulations in the western Irish Sea indicated that the phenology shift had minimal effects on larval retention and advection distance overall, because major variations were observed only at very early or late stages of the larval season, that is, times when lower proportions of larvae were present. As the western Irish Sea grounds exports small but consistent quantities of larvae to nearby populations, especially off Scotland, it may act as an important source of larvae, especially when retention of native larvae is low. Overall, larval transport tools may indicate grounds that are periodically vulnerable to recruitment failures and offer potentially valuable information in fishery management.
Spatial abundance distribution of prokaryotes is associated with dissolved organic matter composition and ecosystem function
Authors: LaBrie Richard , Bélanger Simon , Benner Ronald , Maranger Roxane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDiverse prokaryotic communities consume and transform a broad suite of molecules in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool, which controls major biogeochemical cycles. Despite methodological advancements that provide increasingly more detailed information on the diversity of both prokaryotic communities and DOM components, understanding how these two component parts are structured to influence ecosystem functioning remains a major challenge in microbial ecology. Using empirical data collected along a gradient of productivity in the Labrador Sea, we characterized relationships among DOM compounds, metabolic processing, and prokaryotic diversity by structuring prokaryotic communities using spatial abundance distribution (SpAD) modeling. We identified strong associations of different SpAD taxonomic groups with specific organic substrates as well as with metabolic rates. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with more cosmopolitan distributions (i.e. normal‐like) such as Bacteroidia were related to fresher DOM substrates such as free and combined amino acids whereas rare ASVs (i.e. logistic) like δ‐proteobacteria were associated with complex forms of organic matter. In terms of ecosystem function, rates of respiration and production were most strongly predicted by the abundance of certain SpAD taxonomic groups. Given the importance and complexity of linking environmental conditions, prokaryotic community structure, and ecosystem function, we propose a framework to bridge the gap between prokaryotic diversity, microbial ecology, and biogeochemistry among methods and across scales. Our work suggests that SpAD modeling can be used as an intermediate step to link prokaryotic community structure to both finer DOM details and larger ecosystem scale processes.
Severity‐Dependent Effects of Parkinson's Disease on Perception of Visual and Vestibular Heading
Authors: Beylergil Sinem Balta , Petersen Mikkel , Gupta Palak , Elkasaby Mohamed , Kilbane Camilla , Shaikh Aasef G. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesParkinson's disease (PD) commonly affects visuospatial navigation causing postural instability and falls. Our overarching aim was to examine the visual and vestibular systems governing visuospatial navigation in PD. We hypothesize that PD affects vestibular and visual motion perception but to a different extent. The effects of PD on motion perception are dependent on the severity of the disease.MethodsThe two‐alternative‐forced‐choice task objectively measured the motion perception during two experiments. One experiment examined the vestibular motion perception with en bloc movement of the platform. The second experiment tested the visual motion perception using an immersive virtual reality goggle.ResultsWe found that accuracy, threshold, and precision of vestibular perception were more impaired in advanced‐PD patients compared to those with a mild form of the disease. The parameters also correlated with the disease duration, overall axial motor impairment causing postural instability and falls, and subjective rating of the balance function. Such changes were present but less severe in visual motion perception.ConclusionWe conclude that PD affects motion perception in the visual and vestibular domains in a severity‐dependent manner. The impact of the disease in the vestibular domain is more severe compared to the visual domain. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A CPW‐fed compact square slot antenna with wideband circularly polarized for C‐band application
Authors: Felegari Nader , Zafari Sajad , Malekpour Narges , Hassani Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a compact wideband circularly‐polarized square slot antenna (CPSSA). The antenna is a coplanar waveguide feed structure with three T‐stubs toward the slot center and one semi‐circle tuning stub was etched to the feed line and modified inverted L‐shaped strips around the corners of the ground. Moreover, two spiral slots were loaded in the ground plane for exciting currents in a different direction. A prototype of the designed antenna is fabricated and measured to confirm the simulation results. A reasonably good agreement between the measured and simulated results in terms of the reflection coefficient <−10 dB and axial ratio are achieved. The 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth achieved by the combination is from 4.35 to 8.15 GHz (60%, measured). The designed CPSSA has a compact size of 0.57λₒ × 0.57λₒ × 0.0116λₒ at the center frequency and fabricated on the FR4 substrate.
Quantitative and simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption rates in rat brain and skeletal muscle using 17O MRS imaging at 16.4T
Authors: Wiesner Hannes M. , Balla Dávid Z. , Scheffler Klaus , Uğurbil Kâmil , Zhu Xiao‐Hong , Chen Wei , Uludağ Kâmil , Pohmann Rolf 
Published: October 2020

PurposeOxygen‐17 (17O) MRS imaging, successfully used in the brain, is extended by imaging the oxygen metabolic rate in the resting skeletal muscle and used to determine the total whole‐body oxygen metabolic rate in the rat.MethodsDuring and after inhalations of 17O2 gas, dynamic 17O MRSI was performed in rats (n = 8) ventilated with N2O or N2 at 16.4 T. Time courses of the H217O concentration from regions of interest located in brain and muscle tissue were examined and used to fit an animal‐adapted 3‐phase metabolic model of oxygen consumption. CBF was determined with an independent washout method. Finally, body oxygen metabolic rate was calculated using a global steady‐state approach.ResultsCerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption was 1.97 ± 0.19 μmol/g/min on average. The resting metabolic rate of oxygen consumption in skeletal muscle was 0.32 ± 0.12 μmol/g/min and >6 times lower than cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption. Global oxygen consumed by the body was 24.2 ± 3.6 mL O2/kg body weight/min. CBF was estimated to be 0.28 ± 0.02 mL/g/min and 0.34 ± 0.06 mL/g/min for the N2 and N2O ventilation condition, respectively.ConclusionWe have evaluated the feasibility of 17O MRSI for imaging and quantifying the oxygen consumption rate in low metabolizing organs such as the skeletal muscle at rest. Additionally, we have shown that CBF is slightly increased in the case of ventilation with N2O. We expect this study to be beneficial to the application of 17O MRSI to a wider range of organs, although further validation is advised.
A mathematical analysis of ongoing outbreakCOVID‐19 in India through nonsingular derivative
Authors: Safare Kiran Malathesha , Betageri Virupaxappa Shekarappa , Prakasha Doddabhadrappla Gowda , Veeresha Pundikala , Kumar Sunil 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThroughout the globe, mankind is in vastly infected situations due to a cruel and destructive virus called coronavirus (COVID‐19). The pivotal aim of the present investigation is to analyze and examine the evolution of COVID‐19 in India with the available data in two cases first from the beginning to 31st March and beginning to 23rd April in order to show its exponential growth in the crucial period. The present situation in India with respect to confirmed, active, recovered and deaths cases have been illustrated with the aid of available data. The species of novel virus and its stages of growth with respect some essential points are presented. The exponential growth of projected virus by the day‐to‐day base is captured in two‐dimensional plots to predict its developments and identify the needs to control its spread on mankind. Moreover, the SEIR model is considered to present some interesting consequences about COVID‐19 within the frame of fractional calculus. A newly proposed technique calledq‐Homotopy analysis transform method (q‐HATM) is hired to find the solution for the nonlinear system portraying projected model and also presented the existence and uniqueness of the obtained results with help of fixed point theory. The behavior has been captured with respect to fractional order and time. The present study exemplifies the importance of fractional operator and efficiency of the projected algorithm.
A new high‐order weighted essentially non‐oscillatory scheme for non‐linear degenerate parabolic equations
Authors: Abedian Rooholah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this research, a new high‐order WENO method for solving 1D, 2D and 3D non‐linear degenerate parabolic equations which may contain discontinuous solutions has been designed. The new scheme is constructed by three polynomials of varying degrees. This new method applies the same six‐point stencil as the classic WENO procedures developed for degenerate parabolic by Liu et al. and Abedian et al. (Comput. Phys. Commun., 184 (2013), 1874–1888). The new scheme attains sixth‐order accuracy in smooth areas and second‐order accuracy near singularities. Comparing the magnitude of errors produced by Liu et al., Abedian et al. and the new scheme has shown that the new scheme performs better. The only condition for the linear weights (ideal weights) associated with this scheme is that their sum must be equal to one, while they can be any positive real number. Afterwards, the non‐oscillatory weights are calculated with the linear weights. The new proposed scheme can be easily developed to higher dimension by dimension‐by‐dimension technique. The new scheme enjoys simplicity, good performance and low computational cost. To explain the properties of the method such as accuracy and resolution, a number of classical numerical examples have been prepared.
He's frequency formulation for fractal nonlinear oscillator arising in a microgravity space
Authors: Wang KangLe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAt a microgravity condition, a spaceflight might be subject to a microgravity‐induced vibration. There is no theory so far to study the effect of microgravity on the vibration property. Here we give a fractal vibration model by the two‐scale thermodynamics. The fractal oscillator in the microgravity space is modeled by using the fractal derivative, and its frequency is obtained by He's frequency formula. The variational principle of the fractal model is established by the fractal semi‐inverse method. The example shows that the proposed method is simple, efficient, and accurate. The frequency‐amplitude relationship is elucidated and the effect of the microgravity condition on vibration property is discussed.
Numerical solutions of the initial boundary value problem for the perturbed conformable time Korteweg‐de Vries equation by using the finite element method
Authors: Pedram Leila , Rostamy Davoud 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the initial‐boundary‐value problem for the nonhomogeneous Korteweg‐de Vries equation with conformable derivative on time part of it. We use the finite element method with B‐spline as the basis functions for obtaining the numerical solutions for this nonlinear equation. In addition, we prove a posteriori and a priori errors for it. These show the adaptivity and convergence of our method. Also, a posteriori error estimate concludes that the error estimate decreases as α increases. We show the accuracy of our work by comparing with the exact solution for the homogeneous KdV equation. We also bring an example for the nonhomogeneous conformable time KdV equation to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Also, these numerical results are consistent with the result of theorems. The numerical results are given in tables and figures.
On the instability of Ekman boundary‐layer flow over a rough disk with a wavy surface profile
Authors: Alveroğlu Burhan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe apply the method of lines and the backward difference method to solve highly nonlinear governing mean flow equations of the Ekman boundary‐layer flow over a rough disk with a wavy surface profile. These equations are derived using the YHP roughness model that imposes a wavy surface profile in terms of the radial position r, assuming rotational symmetry. Our main interest is to determine the effect of roughness on the local linear convective instability of the Ekman flow, and we solve the local linear stability equations of the disturbances stationary relative to the disk using the Chebyshev polynomials. The crossflow and viscous types of instability modes, the Type I and Type II modes respectively, are analyzed. Our theoretical findings prompts that an adequately designed rough disk can be a useful tool for a passive flow‐control method for the Ekman flow. The underlying physical mechanisms are investigated applying a fundamental energy analysis.