bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side effect of long term injection of high dose whitening vitamin C to plasma glucose and cholesterol level
Authors: Sudatri NW , Yulihastiti Dwi Ariani , Suartini Ni Made , Narayani Inna , Nyoman Wirasiti Ni 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of whitening vitamin C to make the skin brighter in the long term, however can cause side effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the side effects of long-term high dose injections of whitening vitamin C plasma glucose and cholesterol level. This study used rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) as experimental animals. The rats randomly divided into five groups consisting of ten rats each group. Four groups were administered injections of white vitamin C and one group as control animal. The design used in this study was a complete randomized design (RAL) and the treatments were different long term of injections of high-dose whitening vitamin C, ie 30-day injections (P1), 50-day injections (P2), 70-day injections (P3), 90 days of injections (P4) and control (P0). The treatment was repeated ten times. The parameters observed were glucose and cholesterol rats plasma levels before and after high-dose whitening vitamin C injection treatment. Data was analysed by ANOVA allowed by Duncan’s Test. The results indicated that rats glucose plasma levels injected by high dose of whitening vitamin C in long-term between control and treatment showed significant differences (P = 0.005) and cholesterol plasma levels showed significant different too (P = 000). Glucose and cholesterol plasma levels of rats injected by high doses of whitening vitamin C in long term tend to decrease.
Response of rice genotypes to zinc fertilizer detected using RAPD
Authors: Defiani M R , Astarini I A , Pharmawati M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rice nutrition as a staple food in Asia is important for human metabolism and health. One of the global warming effects is micro element reduction in rice, including Zn. Fertilizer application of Zn(SO4).2H20 was studied to investigate effect of Zn on some genotypes of local rice (white rice cv. Mansur, red rice cv. Cendana, sticky rice and black sticky rice) from Jatiluwih, Tabanan, Bali using RAPD marker. Experiments was conducted on plastic pot containing 2 kg soil enriched with Zn(SO4).2H2O with concentration as followed 0.0; 2.5; 5,0 mg/kg soil. Each treatment consists of three replicates with 2 sub unit for each replicates. There were two seedlings per pot. Pots were placed in open field at Denpasar, Bali. Rice seedlings were grown until 8 weeks after planted. Seedlings were kept waterlogged during 8 weeks growth period. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker was employed to detect polymorphism between treatments. Primers used were OPB12 and OPH1. RAPD showed that each genotype had different response to Zn treatment.
Changes in soil bacterial community as affected by soil compaction, soil water content and plant roots
Authors: Ishak L , Brown P H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present study assessed the effects of compaction on temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities and whether these changes were influenced by the presence of plant roots and soil water content. A pot trial comprised three levels of compaction (1.1 gcm-3 – un-compacted; 1.25 gcm-3 – moderately-compacted; 1.4 gcm-3 – heavily-compacted), two levels of irrigation regimes (60 and 80% FC), and two soil conditions (planted soil versus free root soil) was established. Soil microbial attributes investigated included bacterial activity and diversity, which were obtained from five sampling times (5; 10; 15; 20; 30 days). The results showed that bacterial activity and diversity changes over time and were higher in un-compacted soil treatment at day-20. Bacterial activity and diversity were higher in moderately-compacted soil with high soil moisture level (80% FC). Microbial activity and diversity were weakly correlated with the presence of plant roots particularly when soil was heavily compacted. Given the changes of microbial communities that followed changes in soil moisture availability, it was, therefore, concluded that management of the timing of irrigation inputs is needed in order to maintain microbial communities in soil.
Flowering induction and formation of salak (Salacca sumaterana Becc) fruit with potassium and boron fertilization
Authors: Warnita  , Suliansyah Irfan , Syarif Auzar , Adelina Rasmita 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSalak Sidimpuan is one of the superior commodities of Padang Sidimpuan that taste sweet, sour and make it different from Pondoh and Bali. Physiological conditions will greatly affect the growth and development plant especially the phase of flowering and fruit formation. Other factors that affect the flowering phase and fruit formation are nutritional status and relative water content in the plant. The purposes of study to get the best concentration of Potassium and Boron on fruit formation and Sidimpuan zalacca production off season. This research was conducted at Palopat Maria village, Padang Sidimpuan City. This study was conducted from July 2017 to March 2018. The experiment was conducted Split Plot Design with three replications. The main factor is the potassium fertilizer i.e. without potassium, 20 g and 40 g / tree potassium. The subplot is the B fertilizer dosage i.e. without fertilizer B, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm/tree. The results showed that Sidimpuan Salak Plant was a hermaphrodite flowering plant, carried out its own pollination and the time it took from flower up fruit ready to harvest about 5.5 to 6 months. The highest number of fruit Bunches (8.74 bunches) was obtained at 20 g / plant while in B 3000 ppm / tree was 9:01 bunches.
Development of organic rice potentials as drivers of rural economy towards sustainable national agricultural development
Authors: Pujiasmanto Bambang , Suryandari Retno Tanding , Aliyah Istijabatul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The agriculture development is one of the determine factor of Indonesia economic development as an agrarian country. This study aims to increase farmers income and welfare, to support the development of a healthy lifestyle by consuming organic agriculture, and friendly agricultural development environment towards sustainable national agricultural development. Using descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The data will be collected using several methods, which include field observations, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), Analysis data using interactive analysis, supply-demand analysis, and laboratory analysis. This research has resulted a model of empowerment of organic rice farmers in Klaten District called the “Downstream Upstream Balance Model” underlining the importance of realizing a production sector that is always based on the principles of organic farming and the market sector which is always built through the formation of a consumer mindset about life patterns healthy. The empowerment model of organic rice farmer is focused on mindset change in order to create higher product prices so as to provide more adequate benefits. Besides that, the empowerment model of organic rice farmers in Klaten Regency is also directed to maintain the continuity of supply and quality of products. As the conclusion is an empowerment model of organic rice farmers in Klaten District to maintain the continuity of supply and product quality was conducted, which is strategies for improving the quality of organic rice in Klaten District, and rice marketing strategies effective organic to increase sales of organic rice products in Klaten Regency.
Providing Ultraviolet Recovery on Salmonella sp Bacteria and Haematological Examination in Infected Salmonellosis
Authors: Yulihastuti D A , Kawuri R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ducks are one of the most popular livestock in Indonesian society. Maintenance of ducks is mostly done extensively, namely grazing in paddy fields or ditches. This method can cause ducks to be susceptible to disease and can spread quickly because ducks are grazed to move places. One of the diseases that attacks ducks is Salmonellosis caused by the Salmonella sp. bacteria. One way to kill Salmonella sp. bacteria is by using ultraviolet (UV) light. The purpose of this study was to find the right UV irradiation method to weaken the Salmonella sp. bacteria which then weakened bacteria would be made into Salmonellosis vaccine. In this study, Salmonella sp. bacteria were isolated directly from ducks’s cloaca by swabs. Salmonella sp. were given UV irradiation treatment with different times of 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes and 35 minutes, with the same distance of 10 cm. Salmonella sp which is irradiated with UV light for 25 minutes is the best, supported by the duck’s immune system increases after 2 weeks of Salmonella infection. This result gives opportunities to develop vaccine for Salmonelosis disease in the duck in the future.
White skin orange sweet potato grown in Limapuluh Kota District, West Sumatra Indonesia: Morphology and elemental analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray flourescence
Authors: Hardaningsih Wiwik , Sembiring Ngakumalem , Saad Siti Khatijah M. , Ozair Lailatun Nazirah , Yamin Bohari M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The white skin sweet orange potato (Ipomoea batatas Linn ) was grown by organic method without using any synthetic fertilizer. It was harvested after 4 months of cultivation. Scanning electron photomicrograph of both transversal and longitudinal cross sections showed the formation of starch crystals having round or spherical and polygonal shape with sizes between 2 and 30 μm. Only carbon, oxygen as major elements and small concentration of potassium, calcium and magnesium were detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The absence of some important essential elements demands further investigation on soil-plant nutrient uptake relationship towards the production of highly nutritional potato.
Implementation of Fine Sand’s Capillary Force to Filter Polluted Water: A Study on Change of Overflow Media Height to the Debit and Quality of Filtered Tofu Liquid Waste
Authors: Mujiharjo Sigit , Syafnil  , Wulandari Yessy , Sari NovitaWinda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Four identically designed and constructed Capillary-Gravitational Slow Sand Filter (SSF) with different in its overflow media height were parallelly operated to filtered tofu liquid waste for the purpose to identify responses of debit and quality of permeate with the change of overflow media height. The experiment was conducted following 4x4 LS with the overflow media height as the treatment. Besides the debit for clear and polluted water, samples of the liquid waste and the permeate were taken and analysed for TSS, Turbidity, pH, BOD and COD. Result of analysis showed that debit of SSF was 182.6 -252.1 ml/minute for clear water; 81.3 – 153.5 ml/minute for tofu liquid waste; TSS 7.5 – 20.5 mg/L; Turbidity 0.58 – 3.84 NTU; pH 6.8 – 7.2; BOD 1.7 – 35.4 mg/L; COD 3.8 – 108.0 mg/L with removal efficiency more 96% when overflow media 4 cm or more. In conclusion, the SSF Grapilar reduced when it was used to filter polluted water. In terms of pollutant removal, SSF Grapilar was effective; it was able to remove more than 95% of TSS, Turbidity, BOD, COD and neutralized permeate of tofu liquid waste when the overflow media height was 4 cm or more.
Assessing the impact of climate change on the traditional hydrological system of the Cordillera Rice Terraces
Authors: Aujero Aldrin , Platt-Salcedo Scott , Zhou Adam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper assesses the impact of climate change on the traditional hydrological system of the Cordillera Rice Terraces. The terracing method is a part of the whole complex and robust socio-ecological system (SES) built within the Tropical Montane Cloud Forest (TMCF). We devised assessment schemes that determine the vulnerabilities climate change brings about to this system. We listed SES specific variables based on the Turner Framework Vulnerability Analysis and utilized the Smith and Pilifosova vulnerability model in order to achieve a standardized value for comparison across different SES regions. After identifying factors of constant exposure, sensitivity, and resilience, we designated a value of 0-1 based on the factor’s degree of impact towards climate change as well as attributed a weight for each. We could then assess the vulnerability of an SES to a given stimulus over a given time. The most vulnerable SES would have the maximum value of 1 for the exposure and sensitivity factors, while the resilience factor would have the minimum value of 0. Given the context of the Cordillera Rice Terraces, we can conclude that the system’s vulnerability to climate change, is higher than average.
Farm Power Sources and Machinery Contribution in Small Rice Farming Operations in Kampar Region, Indonesia
Authors: Paman Ujang , Khairizal  , Wahyudy Hajry Arief , Bahri Saipul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Farm power is one of the important inputs in agriculture. Farm machinery is farm power source which has been increasingly used by farmers as instead of manual tools and animal power. This paper attempts to identify farm power sources and machinery contribution in small rice farming operations in Kampar Region, Indonesia. Field survey was conducted in the region and 30 rice farmers were interviewed to collect primary data. Descriptive-quantitative approaches ware used to analyse data, including percentage, mean, and graphical methods. The results showed that the farm machinery was used by farmers to perform rice farming operations in survey areas. The most popular and dominant power sources were human and machine powers. The machine power came from hand tractors, irrigation (water) pumps, power threshers, and rice milling units. They increased during the period of 2012-2016 and total number of power available on farm also increased during the same period. The contribution of machine power for total power was significant and would become more important in the future. Therefore, there is a need to increase the number and type of the farm machinery in the region in order to increase the availability of farm power and eventually increase rice production and productivity.
Analysis of Household Demand for Chicken Meat in Yogyakarta
Authors: Ani Susi Wuri , Antriyandarti Ernoiz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the important food commodities in Indonesia is chicken meat. Approximately 79% of the entire Indonesian population consumes chicken meat for their daily consumption. This study was conducted in Yogyakarta which is a mini of Indonesia, where the population is heterogeneous, many migrants from all over Indonesia live there. An Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model is used to examine household behaviour in Yogyakarta using household social and economy survey data for the period of 2017. The empirical results indicate that estimated elasticity of chicken meat is found to be price inelastic. The study revealed that there is an inverse relationship between the household expenditure and the budget share of chicken meat, a direct relationship between the price of chicken meat and its budget share. The result can have important implications for maintaining the stability of price and availability of chicken meat in meeting the demand for chicken meat.
Diagnostic and Design Approach: Preparation Masterplan Policies of Agroforestry Development in Madiun, Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setiahadi R , Lukitasari M , Pratiwi D , Kartikasari SR 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Deforestation and degraded forest land will continue to affect climate patterns in various places and trigger an increase in the frequency and intensity of weather events and extreme climate. The impacts felt by the community are quite a lot both in the social, economic, infrastructure, fishery, agriculture, health, tourism sectors, even in the areas of defence and security. Various anticipatory steps need to do by raising awareness of the community and relevant stakeholders to this issue of climate change. One of the actions of climate change adaptation in the capacity building is to encourage the emergence of national and local policies that address the concerns and readiness mitigation to cope with the impacts of climate change on various fronts, particularly in agriculture and food security. This study aims to encourage the preparation of the policy masterplan of agroforestry development as an effort to mitigate climate change in Madiun, East Java, Indonesia. With a Diagnostic and Design approach (D&D), a policy recommendation for agroforestry development in the medium and long-term developed. The result of a D&D approach by the available resource potential, the agroforestry model that is feasible to be developed is agro-silviculture and agro-silvopastoral.
Efficiency of 9KWp Sun Tracking Photovoltaic in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Pasaribu Nova , Rusdianasari  , Syarif Aida 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Solar energy is one of the renewable energy potentials as an alternative energy substitute for fossil fuels in Indonesia. Indonesia that is located on the equator is very profitable because it always gets sunlight throughout the year. Indonesia has an average of the solar energy potential of 4.8 KWh / m2 equivalent to 112,000 GWp. Light or sunlight can be converted into electricity using solar cell technology (Photovoltaic). Electrical energy generated from the solar panels will be maximized if the solar cell is always perpendicular to the direction of the focus of the sun. Sun tracker is a system that can automatically control the solar cell to remain focused on the direction of the sun. This paper is a case study to determine the efficiency of solar panels that use the sun tracking system with monocrystalline silicon type with 9 KWp capacity. The solar panel system is located in Plaju Palembang (South Sumatra, Indonesia) where the average daily radiation levels are 4.96 kWh/m2. To determine the efficiency of the solar panel, then Data collection was performed for two months, namely in December 2017 and January 2018.
Fermentation Process of Glycerol to Arabitol from Byproducts of Reutalis trisperma Biodiesel Using Yeast of Debaryomyces Hansenii
Authors: Mardawati Efri , Andoyo Robi , Muhaemin Mimin , Nurjanah Sarifah , Natawigena Darajat , Herwanto Totok , Handarto  , Utama Gemilang Lara , Rosalinda  , Poppy  , Kramadibrata Ade M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Arabitol byproduct on the production of biodiesel Reutalis trisperma has calories of 0.2 cals / g equivalent to the level of sweetness of sucrose can be produced by using the yeast of Debaryomyces hansenii. The research was done by experimental method and descriptive analysis with two replications. The variation in this study was the ratio between the concentration of glycerol substrate and the fermentation medium added to 250 m / L of work volume in five treatments, namely: A (1: 16) crude glycerol, B (1: 16) pure glycerol, C (1: 8) crude glycerol, D (1:5) crude glycerol, and E (1:4) crude glycerol. The experimental results that the D. hansenii ITB CC R85 yeast may accumulate the formation of arabitol during the stationary phase at 120 h. The best fermentation condition was obtained at treatment C with a specific growth rate (μ) of 0.0608/h, arabitol concentration of 0.2373 g / L, the yield of arabitol to glycerol (Yp / s) of 0.0041 g / g, the yield of biomass to the substrate (Yx / s) of 0.3214 g / g.
Improving efficiency of use of gas fuels in automobile
Authors: Safarov E G , Zakharov E A , Alimov V A , Fedyanov E A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses ways to increase the efficiency of using propane-butane compositions on board a car. The main reasons for the decrease in power during the transition from gasoline to propane-butane are given and the ways to solve them by changing the conditions of supply to the engine intake, as well as the use of thermochemical recovery of exhaust heat, are analyzed.
Influence of the vehicle age on the reliability assessment when there are mistakes in the process of diagnosing
Authors: Bulatov S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Any vehicle failures occur during operation. The repair of the refused knot or the unit will be costly and with time consuming. In practice the coefficient of the technical readiness of the vehicle fleet is widely used. We carry out the analysis of the reliability of the vehicle components and also the effectiveness of the diagnostic nodes and units of the Lada Kalina car taking into account the mistakes cost in the process of diagnosis. As a result of the one-year experimental studies the obtained data show the diagnosing efficiency of 428 Lada Kalina cars.
TQM/ISO at Russian enterprises
Authors: Smirnov V V , Semenov V L , Kadyshev E N , Zakharova A N , Chainkov V N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the conditions of aggravating global competition for commodity markets in Russia, the problem of forming and implementing a development strategy for domestic enterprises becomes urgent. To maintain its position in global competition, the development strategy of Russian enterprises should focus on improving the quality of products and services, which implies the use of modern methods and approaches combining the accumulated global experience. Russian enterprises are faced with the need to solve simultaneously a set of problems related to ensuring sustainable consumer demand for domestic products, technical and environmental safety of production, meeting the requirements of national product standards. The article reveals the relevance of the problem of creating and implementing quality management systems in Russian enterprises, indicating the reasons for the insufficient use of TQM/ISO. The research methodology is based on a retrospective analysis of historical stages of the evolution of product quality assurance and the prevailing basic concepts of TQM. The evolution of basic principles of TQM in ISO 9001, QS 9000, in VDA 6.3 and target directions of the optimal interaction of all business processes in an enterprise are shown. As a result of the study, along with the reasons for the certification process complexity of the quality management system at Russian enterprises, a strategic need to implement the TQM / ISO policy at Russian enterprises is identified. QSM implemented in a Russian enterprise, in accordance with TQM philosophy and ISO 9001 regulations should be aimed at meeting the requirements of the interested parties - the consumer and the manufacturer. QMS optimally distributes the duties, powers and responsibilities of personnel who manage, execute and carry out inspections of activities that affect the risks associated with the operation of the organization, its equipment and processes
Ensuring the safety of operation of the truck with the semi-trailer
Authors: Bashegurov S V , Nasybullin F F , Khusainov R M , Faskhieva Z R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article raises an important issue of road train stability under various operating conditions, it also discusses one of the elements of active safety in the operation of road trains consisting of a truck tractor and a semi-trailer, namely the ordering of the mutual position of the parts of the train. A brief overview of the principle of operation of various schemes designed to prevent the folding of a tractor with a semi-trailer, as well as structural and functional capabilities, some disadvantages and advantages is given. The new and one of the latest implementation systems for blocking the folding of a trackless vehicle consisting of a semi-trailer is presented. The blocking mechanism for folding a train includes a closed kinematic chain using flexible coupling, as well as a controlled closed hydraulic system. There are certain promising possibilities of this proposed technical solution in terms of increasing active safety in the operation of the trailer and organizing the provision of controllability of the saddle tractor relative to the semi-trailer interconnected with the steering and steering wheels, with the position of the brake pedal sensor road trains, with driver’s actions, weather conditions and traffic situations.