bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Farmer Income through Value Addition to Rice in Khammam District, India
Authors: Suneetha W. Jessie , Kumar J. Hemanth , Rao P. Jagan Mohan , Prasad Y. G. 
Published: July 2020

Rice is the staple food to half of world’s population providing more than one fifth of the calories consumed worldwide. Cereal grains are rich sources of phenolic compounds present in cell walls that help in combating many life style diseases occurring due to oxidative stress. Rice has been domesticated more than 10000 years ago but even today the farmers prefer selling freshly harvested paddy at a lower price. Few entrepreneurial farmers have come up with the idea of primary processing the paddy as semi polished and brown rice that can fetch them more profits along with providing health benefits. Each Kg of paddy, white, semi polished and brown rice cost Rs. 17 – 18.50, 46 – 48, 58 – 60 and 65 respectively. Similarly, one Kg of brokens get Rs. 15, bran Rs. 12 during season and Rs. 20 during off season.
The rice without any processing fetched the farmer profit of about Rs. 24400 to 36000 on an average per acre. But if the farmer subjected the rice to primary processing and sold as white, semi polished or brown rice, the profits generated per acre were Rs. 57156 – 66480 Rs. Rs. 82996 – 102400and Rs. 105910 – 120400 can be generated.
As can be seen the decrease in processing produced lower quantity of brokens and bran and income from them was comparatively lower than on processed rice indicating that there can be rise in income with minimal processing with added health benefits. There can an increase in profits by 4 to 5 times due to primary processing benefiting the paddy growers.
The white, semi polished and brown rice can increase the income of farmer by 76.92, 127.79 and 161.58% per one bag of paddy weighing 75 Kg. There was a significant decrease in brokens and bran produced in semi polished and brown rice that actually fetch less prize than the actual produce. The growing awareness of consumers towards health foods, improved eating habits and health consciousness is expanding brown rice market at higher compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) compared to overall rice market.
Prevalence of Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors among Young Saudi Women with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Kadi H. A. Al , Alissa E. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors in apparently healthy Saudi women with vitamin D deficiency.
Study Design: A retrospective chart review.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Center of Excellence for Osteoporosis Research (CEOR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between June 2015 to October 2015.
Methodology: Healthy women 20–40 years old, with no history of previous illnesses and not on any medications were included in this study. Data on anthropometric measurements as well as blood pressure (BP) were obtained. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Laboratory results including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting lipid profile, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also obtained. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D3 concentration <50 nmol/l. Modified NCEP:ATPIII criteria were used to define cardio-metabolic risk factor cutoff points.
Results: A total of 305 women were included in the current analysis. Mean (± S.D.) age of the study group was 28.4±6.1 years and median (IQR) 25(OH)D3 was 17.8 (11.9–28.2) nmol/l. Almost 97% of the study participants were vitamin D deficient and 70% had values below 25 nmol/l. 25(OH)D3 was significantly inversely associated with waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP and PTH (P=0.011, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). Prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors were higher among participants who fell in the lowest tertile of 25(OH)D3 except total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, however only higher PTH was statistically significant (P=0.022).
Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among otherwise healthy Saudi women. The results also suggest that the prevalence of selected cardio-metabolic risk factors is higher among those with low vitamin D status. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether such deficiency will be of clinical significance with advancing age in this population, and whether vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects.
Performance Study of a Developed Automated Cooking System
Authors: Ucheoma I. T. , Chilakpu K. O. , Nwakuba N. R. , Ezeanya N. C. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: To identify the heat energy, timing along with other cooking parameters required for cooking rice, beans, okra and yam using the gas, electric and automated cooker respectively.
Study Design: The studied automated cooking system was digitally calibrated to ensure the best operation of the various receptacles for adding ingredients such as the cylindrical dispenser, reciprocating dispenser besides the precision fluid dispensing unit synchronized with the automatic opening and closing of the receiver lid (Pot).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria, between October 2018 and November 2019.
Methodology: The performance evaluation of the automated cooking system was done after the selected food samples (rice, beans, yam and okra) were cooked manually with the electric and gas cookers respectively. The major cooking parameters measured and analyzed were the volume of water used, quantity of food and ingredients, temperatures and heating energies of the cooking systems, overall cooking time for food samples and the time for adding ingredients and water into the food being cooked.
Results: The experimental results show that the cooking time required to prepare 200 g of the studied food samples namely; rice, beans, yam and okra soup using the electric cooker, gas cooker and the automated cooker were; 50 mins, 69 mins, 30 mins, and 17 mins (for electric cooker); 51 mins, 72 mins, 34 mins and 19 mins (for gas cooker); 45 mins, 64 mins, 25 mins and 14 mins (for automated cooker) respectively. The heating energy data computed for the food samples were: 199 kJ, 416.72 kJ, 182.2 kJ and 516 kJ for okra, beans, yam and rice using the automated system. It was revealed that the thermal efficiencies of the automated cooking system is higher than the thermal efficiencies of other cooking system (electric and gas cookers). The adiabatic nature of the enclosed automated system makes cooking more hygienic and faster due to increased heat energy utilization. Model equations were derived for predicting the heating energy and time required for cooking and to soften these food samples using gas cookers, electric cookers and in subsequent automated cookers. The cooking information obtained from the experiments streamlines a generic recipe and the requirements for cooking different foods with the auto-cooker and has greatly simplified the process of cooking.
Conclusion: The automated cooking system offers a significant benefit to the users who have time limitations. The findings from this work may be applied for the commercial production of automated cookers as prospect of modification and further studies could be explored.
Imágenes para el duelo: Etnografía sobre el cuidado y las representaciones de la muerte en torno a los desaparecidos en Argentina
Authors: Catela Ludmila Gilda Verónica da Silva 
Published: July 2020

Este texto analiza las prácticas de duelo frente a la desaparición de personas por razones políticas en Argentina. Utilizo las herramientas de la antropología para observar etnográficamente las maneras y modos con los cuales los familiares de desaparecidos construyen la relación con sus muertos ¿Cómo se transita el duelo cuando no hay cuerpo, ni tumba? ¿Qué elementos se pueden distinguir en los procesos donde la muerte debe ser imaginada? ¿Qué rituales y acciones se ponen en juego para el cuidado de esos muertos? En la primera parte se trazan los elementos centrales para comprender la desaparición dentro de la noción de muerte. A continuación se establecen los nexos entre imagen, duelo y desaparición. Finalmente se centra en las acciones, rituales y prácticas en torno al cuidado de los muertos frente a la falta del cuerpo, específicamente observado a partir de cuatro historias de hijos de desaparecidos y la relación que establecen con la fotografía policial de sus padres del “Registro de Extremistas”.
Luto e Memória da ditadura: O Memorial dos Desaparecidos de Vila Formosa, em São Paulo
Authors: Teles Janaína De Almeida 
Published: July 2020

do legado ditatorial, a formação da memória sobre a repressão da ditadura enfrenta enormes obstáculos para se estabelecer no Brasil. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem por objetivo oferecer um panorama reflexivo sobre o debate teórico a respeito da memória, o trabalho de luto dos familiares de desaparecidos políticos no Brasil, o legado da ditadura e a edificação do Memorial dos Desaparecidos de Vila Formosa, em São Paulo. Propomo-nos aqui a analisar os testemunhos de familiares, sua demanda por “verdade e justiça”, e por realizar o luto no Brasil. Ressaltamos que, a despeito dos limites impostos pela transição controlada, o memorial favorece a constituição de uma consciência coletiva acerca da repressão ditatorial, e do status de suas vítimas e sobreviventes no país. Este texto beneficia-se de entrevistas inéditas, documentos pouco explorados e ampla revisão da bibliografia sobre o assunto.
Um lugar para o corpo: fotografias familiares em contexto de luto
Authors: Santos Carolina Junqueira dos 
Published: July 2020

Desde o seu surgimento, em 1839, o dispositivo fotográfico foi amplamente utilizado para retratar a família, seus membros e vínculos. A nova imagem técnica logo se tornou parte essencial da vida doméstica, exibindo o meio familiar como instituição social e como portador de laços íntimos e amorosos. O artigo aborda o universo da fotografia de família, destacando sua produção e seu uso no contexto funerário e de luto. A ideia central é a de que o retrato fotográfico, depois da morte da pessoa retratada, torna-se o novo corpo do morto, lugar de contato e vínculo. O luto é pensado como um estado permanente de conexão do vivo com os seus mortos. Olhar a fotografia do ausente é uma forma do vivo ser olhado de volta, um meio dele também não ser esquecido. A presença de ambos os corpos, o do vivo e o do morto, é essencial no processo simbólico que se desenrola, que faz projetar uma relação sempre atualizada. Mas, por fim, talvez sejam as fotografias objetos puramente melancólicos e vazios, através dos quais se evidencia a solidão dos sobreviventes.
Materialidade e comemoração da morte no Principado romano: uma leitura dos Funera de Druso e Germânico em Tácito (séculos I-II d. C.)
Authors: Omena Luciane Munhoz de , Gomes Erick Messias Costa Otto 
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender as representações da morte e suas relações com a memória, a partir das procissões funerárias nos Anais de Tácito, em diálogo com os vestígios materiais. Traçaremos algumas reflexões críticas acerca dos rituais mortuários, já que os funerais se transformavam em espetáculos de poder em todo o império. Torna-se, então, relevante analisar a procissão funerária e seu desenrolar no espaço urbano, pois, juntamente com seus integrantes, os símbolos e as insígnias, incorporavam um cerimonial teatralizado, que colocava em cena o morto na estrutura de poder e sua posição nas gerações da família. Para tanto, devemos nos concentrar nos funerais de Germânico e Druso e, a partir daí, compreender as dimensões simbólicas da morte para a manutenção e legitimação da domus de Tibério na aula imperial.
Quando os mortos invadem os sonhos dos vivos: história e contemporaneidades
Authors: Santos Cícero Joaquim dos 
Published: July 2020

Este artigo objetiva compreender os focos narrativos presentes nas memórias orais sobre encontros oníricos entre os vivos e os mortos na contemporaneidade. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutoramento em História, concernente às narratividades sobre as aparições e os trânsitos dos mortos entre o mundo terreno e o além cristão. O texto problematiza as narrativas construídas em entrevistas de história oral, realizadas com idosos católicos, residentes nos espaços urbanos e rurais da região do Cariri/CE. Em diálogo com a história cultural, o texto demonstra como os sonhos dos entrevistados são importantes canais de acesso às sensibilidades e aos imaginários sociais. São mecanismos a partir dos quais os mortos continuam assumindo funcionalidades, ora revelando mistérios do outro mundo, ora preservando-os e ensinando lições sobre o tempo da vida, da morte e dos mortos.
Development of a method to create uniform phantoms for task‐based assessment of CT image quality
Authors: Conzelmann Juliane , Schwarz Felix Benjamin , Hamm Bernd , Scheel Michael , Jahnke Paul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo develop a customized method to produce uniform phantoms for task‐based assessment of CT image quality.MethodsContrasts between polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and fructose solutions of different concentrations (240, 250, 260, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, and 340 mg/mL) were calculated. A phantom was produced by laser cutting PMMA slabs to the shape of a patient’s neck. An opening of 10 mm diameter was cut into the left parapharyngeal space. An angioplasty balloon was inserted and filled with the fructose solutions to simulate low‐contrast lesions. The phantom was scanned with six tube currents. Images were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) and adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D (AIDR 3D). Calculated and measured contrasts were compared. The phantom was evaluated in a detectability experiment using images with 4 and 20 HU lesion contrast.ResultsLow‐contrast lesions of 4, 9, 11, 13, 18, 20, 24, 30, 35, and 37 HU contrast were simulated. Calculated and measured contrasts correlated excellently (r = 0.998; 95% confidence interval: 0.991 to 1). The mean ± SD difference was 0.41 ± 2.32 HU (P < 0.0001). Detection accuracy and reader confidence were 62.9 ± 18.2% and 1.58 ± 0.68 for 4 HU lesion contrast and 99.6 ± 1.3% and 4.27 ± 0.92 for 20 HU lesion contrast (P < 0.0001), confirming that the method produced lesions at the threshold of detectability.ConclusionA cost‐effective and flexible approach was developed to create uniform phantoms with low‐contrast signals. The method should facilitate access to customized phantoms for task‐based image quality assessment.
Diffusion Analysis in Pore Hierarchies by the Two‐Region Model
Authors: Hwang Seungtaik , Haase Jürgen , Miersemann Erich , Kärger Jörg 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMass transfer in hierarchically porous materials is a function of various parameters, notably including the diffusivities in the various pore spaces, their relative populations and the exchange rates. Their interplay is shown to be quantified in the two‐region model of diffusion which in magnetic resonance imaging is in common use under the name Kärger equations. After manifold applications in NMR diffusometry with compartmented systems, the underlying formalism is now demonstrated to offer an excellent tool for assessing mass transfer in hierarchically porous materials. The potentials include a comprehensive description of mass transfer, in parallel with the specification of the various limiting cases and their reflection by experimental measurement. Information provided by application of microscopic techniques of measurement such as microimaging and pulsed field gradient NMR is shown to notably exceed the message of, e.g., macroscopic uptake measurement of diffusion in hierarchically porous media. This includes, in particular, experimental insight into the dominating mechanisms of mass transfer, which is crucial for the development of optimal strategies of performance enhancement for the technological exploitation of such materials. Depending on the microstructural and microdynamic situation, elucidated in such studies, very different and even mutually opposing strategies for performance enhancement are shown to result.
Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydrobenzofuro[3,2‐d]pyrimidines via [4+2] Annulation Reaction of 1,3,5‐Triazinanes and Aurone‐Derived α,β‐Unsaturated Imines
Authors: Cheng Bin , Zhang Xinping , Zhai Shengxian , He Yixuan , Tao Qingqing , Li Hui , Wei Jian , Sun Haiyan , Wang Taimin , Zhai Hongbin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA [4+2] annulation reaction of 1,3,5‐triazinanes and aurone‐derived α,β‐unsaturated imines has been developed, which enables the synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrobenzofuro[3,2‐d]pyrimidines under thermal conditions in high yields. This protocol is catalyst‐free and additive‐free.magnified image
A Highly Sensitive, Reliable, and High‐Temperature‐Resistant Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Ceramic Nanofibers
Authors: Fu Min , Zhang Jianming , Jin Yuming , Zhao Yue , Huang Siya , Guo Chuan Fei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors are essential components for soft electronics by providing physiological monitoring capability for wearables and tactile perceptions for soft robotics. Flexible pressure sensors with reliable performance are highly desired yet challenging to construct to meet the requirements of practical applications in daily activities and even harsh environments, such as high temperatures. This work describes a highly sensitive and reliable capacitive pressure sensor based on flexible ceramic nanofibrous networks with high structural elasticity, which minimizes performance degradation commonly seen in polymer‐based sensors because of the viscoelastic behavior of polymers. Such ceramic pressure sensors exhibit high sensitivity (≈4.4 kPa−1), ultralow limit of detection (<0.8 Pa), fast response speed (<16 ms) as well as low fatigue over 50 000 loading/unloading cycles. The high stability is attributed to the excellent mechanical stability of the ceramic nanofibrous network. By employing textile‐based electrodes, a fully breathable and wearable ceramic pressure sensor is demonstrated for real‐time health monitoring and motion detection. Owing to the high‐temperature resistance of ceramics, the ceramic nanofibrous network sensor can function properly at temperatures up to 370 °C, showing great promise for harsh environment applications.
Awake tracheostomy in a child with respiratory distress due to retropharyngeal abscess
Authors: Ahuja V. , Chachra A. , Singh M. , Gupta N. , Singh P. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryAwake tracheostomy in a child with respiratory distress is an emergency life‐saving procedure when risk of airway loss after induction of general anaesthesia is greater due to difficult anatomy. A 10‐year‐old boy presented three days after removal of a foreign body in the throat under general anaesthesia. Over the subsequent days, the patient had a progressively increasing visible swelling in the neck, stridor and respiratory distress. An urgent X‐ray and computed tomography scan of the neck revealed a retropharyngeal abscess compressing the trachea. Due to anticipated difficulty in airway management under general anaesthesia, we decided to perform an awake tracheostomy. The child and the parents were counselled regarding steps of awake tracheostomy, as well as the benefits and possible risks associated with it. Topicalisation was achieved by administering glycopyrrolate, nebulisation with lidocaine 4%, and the skin was prepared with lidocaine 2% with 1:200,000 adrenaline. After the awake tracheostomy was successfully performed, general anaesthesia was induced and the retropharyngeal abscess was drained. Effective communication and building rapport is essential for safe awake tracheostomy in a child with respiratory distress when impending airway loss may occur at any moment.
The effect of silica nanoparticle on thermal, chemical, corrosive, and the nature‐friendly properties of refrigerant compressor lubricants—A comparative study
Authors: Narayanasarma Subramani , Kuzhiveli Biju T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolyolester (POE) oil and mineral (Min) oil are widely used in household refrigerators as compressors lubricants in India. An experimental calculation on the thermal, chemical, corrosion, and nature‐friendly properties of POE oil and Min oil suspended with silica nanoparticles is conducted for confirming its practicality to adopt in refrigeration compressors as nanolubricant. No surfactants were used for synthesizing the nanolubricants. The mass fractions from 0.01% to 0.2% and temperatures from 25°C to 85°C are considered. The thermal conductivity and fire point increased as SiO2 mass proportions increased. The pour and cloud points decreased, and in the corrosive nature, apparently little effect was observed by adding SiO2 nanoparticles. The total acid number (TAN) and saponification number increased with the increase in SiO2 nanoparticle concentration. All the synthesized nanolubricants were biodegradable and a little toxic. Refrigerant compressors with long life, with smooth and safe working are expected using POE oil and Min oil with up to 0.2% SiO2 (without surfactants) because of augmented thermal properties and less influenced corrosive, chemical, and eco‐friendly properties.
Halloysite nanotubes grafted polylactic acid and its composites with enhanced interfacial compatibility
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Li Peixian , Wu Minjie , Yu Xiaoyan , Naito Kimiyoshi , Zhang Qingxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) polymers are promising substitutes for polluting fossil fuel‐derived polymers in the field of food safety due to their environmental friendliness, good biocompatibility, and degradability. However, their poor mechanical property limits their practical utilization. In this study, abundant natural halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were incorporated into PLA to address these issues. To overcome interfacial incompatibility between the matrix (PLA) and nanofillers (HNTs), 3‐Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) were firstly grafted onto HNTs to form end‐up amino groups which were served as binding sites for the polycondensation of lactic acid precursors. This formed PLA modified HNTs (pHNTs) precursor was further mixed with bulk PLA polymers to prepare the composite films by the solvent casting method. Compared with the pristine composite, the PLA/pHNTs composites show better thermal stability and mechanical properties, and the composite with 2 wt% pHNTs exhibits the best performance.
Multiscale damage analysis of the tension‐tension fatigue behavior of a low‐density sheet molding compound
Authors: Shirinbayan Mohammadali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article presents the experimental findings of tension‐tension stress‐controlled fatigue tests performed on low‐density sheet molding compound (LD‐SMC). LD‐SMC composite is a type of SMC including a polyester resin reinforced with chopped glass fibers bundles and hollow glass spheres. The coupled frequency‐amplitude affects the nature of the overall fatigue response, which can be controlled by the damage mechanisms accumulation and/or by the self‐heating. In fact, the self‐heating produced a material softening and decreased the fatigue lifetime. For fatigue loading at 80 Hz, self‐heating has been observed and yielded to a temperature rise to 65°C, which is more than a glass transition temperature of polyester. Thus, the polyester matrix is subjected to remarkable thermally activated modifications of its physical state. Multiscale damage analysis of the randomly‐oriented sample in fatigue showed that the first observed damage phenomenon corresponds to the debonding of the hollow glass microspheres occurring in the fiber depleted zones.