bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distribution and physical properties of high-redshift [Oiii] emitters in a cosmological hydrodynamics simulation
Authors: Moriwaki Kana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAtacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has enabled us to detect [Oiii] 88 μm line even at z > 9. To study the properties of high-redshift [Oiii] emitters, we calculate [Oiii] luminosities of galaxies in a cosmological simulation by applying a physical model of Hii region and using the photoionization code cloudy. We find that the [Oiii] 88 μm luminosity, LOIII,88, scales with SFR with slightly larger LOIII,88 than a local relation. Some [Oiii] emitters have extended disk-like structure. We propose to use the ratio between [Oiii] 88 μm line and [Oiii] 5007 Å line, which can be detected with James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), to estimate the gas density and the metallicity in HII region of high-redshift [Oiii] emitters.
Detections of far-infrared [OIII] and dust emission in a galaxy at z = 8.312: Early metal enrichment in the heart of the reionization era
Authors: Tamura Y. , Mawatari K. , Hashimoto T. , Inoue A. K. , Zackrissonm E. , Christensen L. , Binggeli C. , Matsuda Y. , Matsuo H. , Takeuchi T. T. , Asano R. S. , Sunaga K. , Shimizu I. , Okamoto T. , Yoshida N. , Lee M. , Shibuya T. , Taniguchi Y. , Umehata H. , Hatsukade B. , Kohno K. , Ota K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present ALMA detection of the [O iii] 88 μm line and 850 μm dust continuum emission in a Y-dropout Lyman break galaxy, MACS0416_Y1. The [O iii] detection confirms the object with a spectroscopic redshift to be z = 8.3118±0.0003. The 850 μm continuum intensity (0.14 mJy) implies a large dust mass on the order of 4×106M⊙. The ultraviolet-to-far infrared spectral energy distribution modeling, where the [O iii] emissivity model is incorporated, suggests the presence of a young (τage ≍ 4 Myr), star-forming (SFR ≍ 60M⊙yr−1), and moderately metal-polluted (Z ≍ 0.2Z⊙) stellar component with a stellar mass of 3 × 108M⊙. An analytic dust mass evolution model with a single episode of star formation does not reproduce the metallicity and dust mass in ≍ 4 Myr, suggesting an underlying evolved stellar component as the origin of the dust mass.
Probing the building blocks of galaxies: Sub-galactic scaling relations between X-ray luminosity, SFR and stellar mass
Authors: Kouroumpatzakis K. , Zezas A. , Sell P. H. , Bonfini P. , Ashby M. L. N. , Willner S. P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is well known that X-ray luminosity (Lx) originating from high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) is tightly correlated with the host galaxy’s star formation rate (SFR). We explore this connection using a sample representative of the star-formation activity in the local Universe (Star-Formation Reference Survey; SFRS) along with a comprehensive set of star-formation (radio, FIR, 24μm, 8 μm, Hα, UV, SED fitting) and stellar mass (K-band, 3.6 μm, SED fitting) indicators, and Chandra observations. We investigate the Lx–SFR and Lx– stellar mass (M*) scaling relations down to sub-galactic scales of ∼lkpc2. This way we extend these relations to extremely low SFR (∼10−6M⊙.yr−1) and M* (∼104M⊙). We also quantify their scatter and their dependence on the age of the local stellar populations as inferred from the different age sensitive SFR indicators. These results are particularly important for setting the benchmark for the formation of X-ray binaries in vigorous, but low SFR objects such as galaxies in the early Universe.
X-ray - Infrared relation of AGNs and search for highly obscured accretion in the AKARI NEP Field
Authors: Miyaji Takamitsu ,   AKARI NEP Survey Team
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe infrared Astronomical Satellite AKARI conducted deep (∼0.4 deg2) and wide (∼ 5.4 deg2) surveys around the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) with its InfraRed Camera (IRC) with nine filters continuously covering the 2–25 μm range. These photometric bands include three filters that fill the “ Spitzer gap” between the wavelength coverages of IRAC and MIPS. This unique feature has enabled us to make sensitive mid-infrared detection of AGN candidates at z∼1-2, based on the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting including hot dust emission in the AGN torus. This enables us to compare X-rays and the AGN torus component of the infrared emission to help us identify highly absorbed AGNs, including Compton-thick ones. We report our results of the Chandra observation of the AKARI NEP Deep Field and discuss the prospects for upcoming Spectrum-RG (eROSITA+ART-XC) on the AKARI Wide field.
Mentari: A pipeline to model the galaxy SED using semi analytic models
Authors: Triani Dian , Croton Darren , Sinha Manodeep 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe build a theoretical picture of how the light from galaxies evolves across cosmic time. In particular, we predict the evolution of the galaxy spectral energy distribution (SED) by carefully integrating the star formation and metal enrichment histories of semi-analytic model (SAM) galaxies and combining these with stellar population synthesis models which we call mentari. Our SAM combines prescriptions to model the interplay between gas accretion, star formation, feedback process, and chemical enrichment in galaxy evolution. From this, the SED of any simulated galaxy at any point in its history can be constructed and compared with telescope data to reverse engineer the various physical processes that may have led to a particular set of observations. The synthetic SEDs of millions of simulated galaxies from mentari can cover wavelengths from the far UV to infrared, and thus can tell a near complete story of the history of galaxy evolution.
The average FIR SED of proto-clusters atz= 4
Authors: Kubo Mariko , Toshikawa Jun , Kashikawa Nobunari , Uchiyama Hisakazu , Ito Kei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne of the key questions of the observational cosmology is how the environmental dependence of galaxies today formed. Proto-clusters, galaxy overdense regions at high redshift are important laboratory to study the formation history of clusters of galaxies. We perform the first statistic study of far-infrared spectral energy distribution(SED)s of proto-clusters atz∼ 4 by the stacking analysis ofPlanck/AKARI/IRASimages of proto-clusters atz∼ 4 selected from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) survey. By stacking ∼ 200 proto-clusters, we successfully constrain their average total SEDs in 60–850μm. Our results imply the excess of dusty starburst galaxies with star formation rate several 1000M⊙yr−1 in total and obscured AGNs in proto-clusters atz∼ 4.
Mid-infrared PAH emission from star-forming galaxies selected at 250 μm
Authors: Kim Seong Jin ,   AKARI NEP Collaboration
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe infrared (IR) galaxies detected at Herschel/SPIRE 250 μm band over the AKARI’s NEP-Wide field are various types of dusty star-forming (SF) galaxies ranging from quiescent to starbursts, having mid-IR polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features near 8 μm. The measurements of the 8 μm luminosity (L8μm) along with the total infrared luminosity (LIR) based on the physical modeling of SEDs a take unique advantage of the continuous near- to mid-IR coverage, far-IR data points, and spectroscopically determined accurate redshifts. Our sample shows shortage of 8 μm luminosity compared to the total IR luminosity. This deficit gets severe in more luminous IR galaxies, suggesting PAH molecules in these galaxies are destroyed by a strong radiation field from SF regions, or the existence of a unexpectedly large amount of cold dust in the ISM that contributes to LIR.
Radiative properties of the first galaxies: Rapid transition from blue to red
Authors: Arata Shohei , Yajima Hidenobu , Nagamine Kentaro , Li Yuexing , Khochfar Sadegh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCombining cosmological hydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer (RT) calculations, we present predictions of multi-wavelength radiative properties of the first galaxies at z ∼ 6–5. We find that intermittent star formation due to supernova (SN) feedback causes the escape fraction of UV photons to fluctuate rapidly, which then produces the observed diversity of SEDs for high-z galaxies. The simulated galaxies make rapid transition between UV-bright and IR-bright phase, and our RT calculations suggest that dust temperatures in the first galaxies are higher than z < 3 galaxies with ∼ 60 K.
Panchromatic SED fitting codes and modelling techniques
Authors: Baes Maarten 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModelling and interpreting the SEDs of galaxies has become one of the key tools at the disposal of extragalactic astronomers. Ideally, we could hope that, through a detailed study of its SED, we can infer the correct physical properties and the evolutionary history of a galaxy. In the past decade, panchromatic SED fitting, i.e. modelling the SED over the entire UV–submm wavelength regime, has seen an enormous advance. Several advanced new codes have been developed, nearly all based on Bayesian inference modelling. In this review, we briefly touch upon the different ingredients necessary for panchromatic SED modelling, and discuss the methodology and some important aspects of Bayesian SED modelling. The current uncertainties and limitations of panchromatic SED modelling are discussed, and we explore some avenues how the models and techniques can potentially be improved in the near future.
HELP project - a dreamed-of multiwavelength dataset for SED fitting: The influence of used models for the main physical properties of galaxies
Authors: Małek Katarzyna , Buat Veronique , Burgarella Denis , Roehlly Yannick , Shirley Raphael ,   the HELP team
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Herschel Extragalactic Legacy Project (HELP) focuses to publish an astronomical multiwavelength catalogue of millions of objects over 1300 deg2of the Herschel Space Observatory survey fields. Millions of galaxies with ultraviolet–far infrared photometry make HELP a perfect sample for testing spectral energy distribution fitting models, and to prepare tools for next-generation data. In the frame of HELP collaboration we estimated the main physical properties of all galaxies from the HELP database and we checked a new procedure to select peculiar galaxies from large galaxy sample and we investigated the influence of used modules for stellar mass estimation.
Are you sitting (un)comfortably? Action-based supervision and supervisory drift
Authors: Pugh Matthew , Margetts Alexander 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAction-based methods such as behavioural experiments, role-play and (by extension) ‘chairwork’ are powerful techniques recommended in core supervisory texts for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Despite this, experiential methods are seldom used by supervisors, suggesting that supervision often drifts from a ‘doing process’ to a ‘talking process’. A number of factors contribute to this divergence from best practice, including limited confidence and a lack of familiarity with experiential procedures amongst supervisors. To address this, the current paper presents a variety of action-based techniques for enhancing supervisees’ technical, perceptual, interpersonal, reflective and personal competencies. Behavioural experiments, empty-chair, multi-chair and role-playing exercises for maintaining treatment fidelity, enhancing empathic attunement, repairing therapeutic ruptures, resolving impasses and working through negative countertransference are described, amongst others. Further research is needed to establish the nature and extent of supervisory drift, as well as the efficacy of action-based methods.Key learning aimsAs a result of reading this paper, readers should:(1)Understand why supervision sometimes drifts from being a ‘doing’ process.(2)Appreciate the value of experiential, action-based supervisory methods.(3)Feel competent using action-based methods to enhance supervisees’ clinical skills.
Drop deformation estimate with multi-polarization radar
Authors: Averyanova Yuliya , Rudiakova Anna , Yanovsky Felix 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the ability of polarization measurements for microwave remote sensing of clouds and precipitation. The simulation of reflections from liquid hydrometeors with a multi-polarization radar system is presented. The mathematical expression of energy received by a radar antenna with arbitrary polarization is obtained. The simulation of the energy redistribution of the signal reflected from liquid hydrometeors assembled over the antennas of multi-polarimetric radar for different wind conditions and different drop-size distributions is obtained and analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate the possibility to register wind and wind-related phenomena by polarimetric radar. The results of the paper can also be used to exclude an impact of drop vibration or oscillation into the radar signal to eliminate errors and underestimation during parameter measurements. The approach to segregate the reflected signal magnitude variations due to the wind-related phenomena from other factors is discussed.
Design and Research of CAS‐CIG for Earth System Models
Authors: Wang T. , Jiang J. , Zhang M. , Zhang H. , He J. , Hao H. , Chi X. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Chinese Academy of Sciences Coupling Interface Generator (CAS‐CIG) is designed to address the complexities of the development and coupling of different component models in Earth System Models based on the Coupler 7 of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Its application in the Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth System Model (CAS‐ESM) is described. The CAS‐CIG automatically generates the coupler code through a simple configuration file when a component model is accessed, enabling different component models to be easily ported to CPL7 to create simulation cases. Combined with the automatic generation of compile scripts, the precompilation and run directories are directly formed. The component model integration, model selection, experimental setup, and platform migration can be all accomplished in the CAS‐CIG. Verification of the CAS‐CIG is presented to show that the automatically generated codes can identically reproduce the simulation results of CAS‐ESM. CAS‐CIG presents a software tool for modeling centers to investigate the impact of component model selections on simulations of climate and weather.
Projected Changes in Extreme Precipitation in a 60‐km AGCM Large Ensemble and Their Dependence on Return Periods
Authors: Mizuta Ryo , Endo Hirokazu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dependence of projected changes in extreme precipitation on the return period, as well as on the temporal and spatial scales, is investigated using a large ensemble climate simulation with a 60‐km resolution global atmospheric model. The rate of increase in extreme precipitation is noticeably larger for longer return values in most parts of the world. While thermodynamic contribution to this increase generally follows the Clausius‐Clapeyron relationship for all return periods, dynamic contribution determines the dependence on the return periods. While the dependence on the temporal scales of precipitation has similar characteristics, that on spatial scales is not large. Composites for days with the 100‐year return value show that upward motion is enhanced in the middle and upper troposphere, accompanied by the enhanced horizontal water vapor convergence below. It suggests that an increase in latent heat release due to the water vapor increase plays a significant role in the dynamic contribution.
Global Land Monsoon Precipitation Changes in CMIP6 Projections
Authors: Chen Ziming , Zhou Tianjun , Zhang Lixia , Chen Xiaolong , Zhang Wenxia , Jiang Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChanges in global land monsoon (GLM) precipitation determine the local water resource, affecting two thirds of global population. The future changes in GLM summer precipitation and the sources of projection uncertainty under four scenarios are investigated using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. The GLM summer precipitation is projected to increase by 1.76 ± 1.57% (2.54 ± 2.22%), 1.33 ± 1.97% (3.52 ± 3.05%), 0.96 ± 2.04% (3.51 ± 4.97%), and 1.71 ± 2.38% (5.75 ± 5.92%) in the near (long) term under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5, respectively. The enhancement is caused by thermodynamic responses due to increased moisture, which is partly offset by dynamic responses due to weakened circulation. The uncertainty in GLM precipitation projection is the largest in SSP5–8.5 long‐term projection. The uncertainty of submonsoon precipitation projections is larger than that in GLM precipitation. The uncertainty of monsoon precipitation projection arises from the circulation changes, which can be partly explained by model‐dependent response to uniform sea surface temperature warming.
Thermospheric Neutral Winds Above the Oukaimeden Observatory: Effects of Geomagnetic Activity
Authors: Loutfi A. , Bounhir A. , Pitout F. , Benkhaldoun Z. , Makela J. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the context of space weather, we investigate the effect of geomagnetic activity on Earth's thermosphere above the Oukaimeden Observatory in Morocco (geographic coordinates: 31.206°N, 7.866°W; magnetic latitude: 22.77°N) over 3 years from 2014 to 2016. The observatory is equipped with a Fabry‐Perot interferometer (FPI) that provides measurements of thermospheric wind speed. In this study 41 disturbed nights (with SYM‐H ≤ −50 nT, Kp ≥ 5) were identified and analyzed. We have characterized the meridional and zonal winds variability and dependence on the solar cycle, during both quiet and disturbed conditions. We have classified the storm time meridional neutral winds into three types of variation. The first type is characterized by traveling atmospheric disturbance (TAD)‐induced circulation: the first TAD coming from the north and the second TAD being transequatorial, coming from the south. This type of storm with TAD‐induced circulation accounts for 59% of the cases. The second type exhibits only slight discrepancies between the disturbed and quiet night flows. These cases account for 33% of the cases. The third type is characterized by the transequatorial wind in whole the night. This last type accounts for 8% of the cases. Finally, we apply a superposed epoch analysis method on the FPI data, and the effect of each phase of the geomagnetic storm on the wind flow and vertical total electron content VTEC has been quantified.
Continental Crustal Growth Processes Revealed by Detrital Zircon Petrochronology: Insights From Zealandia
Authors: Campbell Matthew J. , Rosenbaum Gideon , Allen Charlotte M. , Spandler Carl 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEstablishing spatial, temporal, and geochemical relationships between magmatism and the broader tectonics of accretionary orogens is important for understanding continental crustal growth processes. Here we reconstruct the Paleozoic and Mesozoic evolution of the active continental margin of Zealandia (eastern Gondwana), using a combination of detrital zircon geochronology, trace element geochemistry and Hf isotope data. We find that zircon grains dated 360–160 Ma from New Zealand are characterized by εHfi (+15 to +2) and trace element compositions typical of predominantly juvenile magmatic sources. In contrast, the εHfi (+15 to −5) and trace element compositions of detrital zircon grains dated 245–140 Ma from New Caledonia reflect a mix of juvenile and evolved crustal sources. Secular trends in trace element and Hf isotope compositions of zircon grains suggest that magmatism and continental crustal growth in Zealandia during the Devonian‐Cretaceous were controlled by switches from trench advance to trench retreat. Orogenesis and crustal growth were controlled by a long‐lived westward dipping subduction system, which during the Permian‐Triassic, was intermittently affected by distinct phases of arc accretion (e.g., of the Brook Street intraoceanic arc) and orogenesis (e.g., driven by trench advance). These phases of orogenesis coincided with the Gondwanide Orogen (265–230 Ma), which might have been controlled by a plate‐scale reorganization event following the final assembly of Pangea supercontinent.
El Niño Diversity Across Boreal Spring Predictability Barrier
Authors: Wang Bin , Luo Xiao , Sun Weiyi , Yang Young‐Min , Liu Jian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEl Niño exerts widespread hydroclimate impacts during boreal summer. However, the current prediction of El Niño across boreal spring has the most severe forecast errors, partially due to the lack of understanding diversified El Niño onset and decay. Here we show, through nonlinear k‐means cluster analysis of evolutions of 40 El Niño events since 1870, El Niño exhibits complex and diverse flavors in its onset and decay across boreal spring predictability barrier. We detected three types of El Niño onset and three types of decay. Each type exhibits distinct coupled dynamics, precursors, and hydroclimate impacts. The results guide the prediction of different types of El Niño transition amid spring predictability barrier and global land precipitation during early and late boreal summer. The new classification offers a metric to evaluate performances of climate models and to project future change of El Niño properties and its predictability.
The Influence of Magma Mixing on the Composition of Andesite Magmas and Silicic Eruption Style
Authors: Hodge K. F. , Jellinek A. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough inhibited on established fluid mechanical grounds, extensive magma mixing can play a critical role in creating andesite magmas at volcanic arcs and triggering effusive or explosive volcanism. We use analog experiments, scaling theory, and thermodynamic modeling of natural volcanic systems to show that mechanical mixing is enhanced if an intruding magma crystallizes to acquire a yield strength. Mafic magmas intruding highly silicic reservoirs will fragment as crystal‐sized blobs/enclaves to produce textural homogeneity at the outcrop scale and heterogeneity at the scale of individual crystals. Rapid degassing from these enclaves can favor the production of permeable magmatic foams that facilitate gas loss from the reservoir and effusive volcanism. Crystallizing magmas intruding similar composition reservoirs of comparable or smaller effective viscosity will fragment at scales approaching the dike width. Sluggish degassing and consequent volatile retention in the reservoir can enhance volatile exsolution in an erupting conduit and tendency for explosive volcanism.
The Impact of Sediment Supply on the Initiation and Magnitude of Runoff‐Generated Debris Flows
Authors: Tang Hui , McGuire Luke A. , Kean Jason W. , Smith Joel B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRainfall intensity‐duration (ID) thresholds are commonly used to assess the potential for runoff‐generated debris flows, but the sensitivity of these thresholds to sediment supply, which can change rapidly with time, is relatively unexplored. Furthermore, debris flows often self‐organize into distinct surges, but the factors controlling the magnitude and frequency of these surges, including sediment supply and grain size, are poorly constrained. We use a combination of numerical modeling and debris flow monitoring data from Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA, to explore how sediment supply influences rainfall ID thresholds for debris flows and surge properties. Results suggest that rainfall ID thresholds only become sensitive to sediment supply below a sediment thickness threshold. Surge magnitude is a nonmonotonic function of sediment supply (i.e., channel bed sediment thickness and grain size) with the largest surges tending to form at intermediate values of sediment availability with intermediate grain sizes.