bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis of Embryonic Muscle Development in Chengkou Mountain Chicken
Authors: Ren Lingtong , Liu Anfang , Wang Qigui , Wang Honggan , Dong Deqiang , Liu Lingbing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Muscle is the predominant portion of any meat product, and growth performance and product quality are the core of modern breeding. The embryonic period is highly critical for muscle development, the number, shape and structure of muscle fibers are determined at the embryonic stage. Herein, we performed transcriptome analysis to reveal the law of muscle development in the embryonic stage of Chengkou Mountain Chicken at embryonic days (E) 12, 16, 19, 21. Results: Diameter and area of muscle fibers exhibited significant difference at different embryonic times(P<0.01). A total of 16,330 mRNAs transcripts were detected, including 109 novel mRNAs transcripts. By comparing different embryonic muscle development time points, 2,251 (E12vsE16), 4,324 (E12vsE19), and 5,224 (E12vsE21), 1,274 (E16vsE19), 2,735 (E16vsE21) and 857 (E19vsE21) differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. It is worth noting that 6,726 mRNAs were differentially expressed. The time-series expression profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that the rising and falling expression trends were significantly enriched. The downward trend was the most important and was enriched in 3,963 DEGs. GO enrichment analysis provided three significantly enriched categories of the down-trending genes, including 91 cellular components, 53 molecular functions, and 248 biological processes. Through KEGG analysis, we explored the pathway of downtrend genes. A total of 183 KEGG pathways were enriched, including 17 significant pathways, such as extracellular matrix-receptor interactions. Similarly, numerous pathways related to muscle development were found, including the Wnt signaling pathway (P<0.05), MAPK signalingpathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway. Among the differentially expressed genes, we selected those involved in developing 4-time points; notably, up-regulated genes included MYH1F, SLC25A12, and HADHB, whereas the down-regulated genes included STMN1, VASH2, and TUBAL3. Conclusion: Our study explored the embryonic muscle development of the Chengkou Mountain Chicken. A large number of DEGs related to muscle development have been identified ,and validation of key genes for embryonic development and preliminary explanation of their role in muscle development. Overall, this study broadened our current understanding of the phenotypic mechanism for myofiber formation and provides valuable information for improving chicken quality.
Efficacy and Biomarkers of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) Patients Receiving Different PD-1 Agents in Northern China: A Real-world Clinical Study
Authors: Jiang Man , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aim and Methods: From May 2019 to January 2020, 116 advanced NSCLC patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression > 1% were treated with nivolumab (44), pembrolizumab (21), and toripalimab (51) as a mono-therapy, respectively. The primary endpoints were defined as the objective response rate (ORR) after 3 and 6 months of therapy, and the progression-free survival (PFS). The observed efficacy of the different PD-1 antibodies was also compared. The gene mutation statuses of tumor protein p53 (TP53), epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ), the tumor mutational burden (TMB), along with the expression of CD47 were analyzed.Results: Toripalimab had a higher ORR and a longer PFS than the other two PD-1 agents after 3 months of evaluation (P = 0.0178). Thenon-classical mutations of EGFR (EGFRG719C and EGFRE709V) did not significantly influence the efficacy of the PD-1 inhibitors, while TP53 mutation, high TMB and elevated PD-L1 expression showed benefits. EGFR co-mutated genes were enriched in the “Response to osmotic stress” , “response to oxidative stress” and “myeloid leukocyte activation” pathways. CD47 expression showed a negative correlation to the prognosis of anti-PD-1 therapy. Participants with ALK rearrangement exhibited poor clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Toripalimab seemed to have a more rapid effect and provide a longer PFS than pembrolizumab and nivolumab. The PD-1 blockade therapy was benefited by TP53 mutation, high TMB, and elevated PD-L1 expression. CD47 expression is a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of PD-1 blockade treatment in patients with EGFR mutations.Clinical Trail : Real-World Study of Four PD-1 Agents in China(May/22/2019)Trial Registration number: NCT03966456 URL:https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0008Y4C&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00045OC&ts=3&cx=z2uldc
Maternal Mental Health, Handwashing Practices, and Infant Illness in Rural China
Authors: Jiang Qi , Cohen Nourya , Ohtori Mika , Gao Jie , Wang Qingzhi , Zhang Evelyn , Zhu Sabrina , Johnstone Hannah , Guo Yian , Dill Sarah-Eve , Zhou Huan , Rozelle Scott 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal mental health problems are a major burden to global public health and play an important role in infant wellbeing. While western countries have extensively studied the associations between maternal mental disorders, infant health, and hygiene practices, little is known in developing settings. This study investigates the correlations between maternal mental health problems and infant illness as well as handwashing practices of mothers in rural western China.Methods: The research team followed a multi-stage random cluster sampling method to select a total of 720 mothers of infants aged 0-6 months from poverty counties in rural western China. Surveys questions about mental health were based on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and questions about infant illness and handwashing practices followed evaluative surveys of prior studies. Adjusted ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions were run to examine how maternal mental health problems (including depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms) are associated with infant illnesses and maternal handwashing practices.Results: We found significant associations between all three symptoms of maternal mental health and whether the infant had shown symptoms of illness twice in the past two weeks; depression and anxiety symptoms are significantly associated with whether the infant had been taken to the doctor in the past two weeks. Additionally, depression symptoms had a significant negative association with all categories of handwashing practices, and symptoms of anxiety and stress were significantly associated with handwashing count and frequently washing hands after cleaning infant’s bottom.Conclusion: These results indicate that maternal mental health problems are significantly associated with infant illness and suggest that postnatal mental health interventions may be effective in mitigating poor infant health outcomes.
Influence of Social and Cultural Practices on Maternal Mortality: A Qualitative Study from South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Omer Sonia , Zakar Rubeena , Zakar Muhammad Zakria , Fischer Florian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: A disproportionate high rate of maternal deaths are reported in developing and underdeveloped regions of the world. Much is associated with social and cultural factors which are barriers for women to utilise appropriate maternal health care. A huge body of research is available on maternal mortality in developing countries. Nevertheless, there is paucity of literature on socio-cultural factors leading to maternal mortality within the context of the Three Delay Model. The current study aims to explore socio-cultural factors leading to a delay in seeking care in maternal healthcare in South Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: We used a qualitative method and performed three types of data collection with different target groups: i) 60 key informative interviews with gynaecologists, ii) four focus group discussions with Lady Health Workers (LHWs), and iii) ten case studies among family members of deceased mothers. The study was conducted in Dear Ghazi Khan, situated at South Punjab, Pakistan. Data was analysed with the help of thematic analysis.Results: The study identified that delay in seeking care – and its potentially following maternal mortality – is more likely to occur due to certain social and cultural factors in Pakistan. Poor socioeconomic status, limited knowledge on maternal care, and financial constraints of rural people were the main barriers in seeking care. Low status of women and male domination keeps women less empowered. The preference of traditional birth attendants results into maternal deaths. In addition to that, early marriages and lack of family planning as deeply entrenched in cultural values, religion and traditions – e.g. the influence of spiritual healers – prevented young girls to obtain maternal health care.Conclusion: The situation of maternal mortality is highly alarming in Pakistan. The uphill task of reducing deaths among pregnant women is deeply rooted in addressing certain socio-cultural practices, which are constraints for women seeking maternal care. The focus on reduction of poverty and enhancement of decision-making power is essential for approaching the right of medical care.
ICU False Alarm Identification Based on Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Yu Qiang , Wang Cheng , Xi Jing , Chen Ying , Li Weifeng , Ge Yun , Huang Xiaolin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In intensive care unit(ICU), excessive false alarms burden medical staff greatly, and cause medical resource waste as well. In order to alleviate false alarms in ICU, we constructed models for classification using convolutional neural networks, which can deal directly with time series and avoid extracting features manually. Results: Combining with grouping strategy, we tried two basic network structures, i.e. DGCN and EDGCN. After that, based on EDGCN, which was proved better, ensembling networks were also constructed to elevate the performance further. Considering of the limited sample size, different data expansions were also experimented. Finally, we tested our model in the online sandbox, and got a score of 78.14. Conclusions: Although the performance is slightly lower than the best scores that have been reported, our models are end-to-end, through which the original time series can be automatically mapped into a binary output, without manually feature extraction. In addition, our method innovatively uses grouped convolution to make full use of the information in multi-channel signals. In the end, we also discussed the potential solutions to further elevate performances.
Preliminary Study of the Characteristics of Rib Fractures and Their Impact on Pulmonary Ventilatory Function
Authors: Wu Weiming , Zhao Tiancheng , Li Yang , Guo Xiang , He Weiwei , Yang Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the pulmonary ventilation function (PVF) according to different types of rib fractures and pain levels.Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with thoracic trauma admitted to our ward from May 1, 2015, to February 1, 2017. Vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured on admission. A numerical rating scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment.Results: A total of 118 (85 males and 33 females) were included. The location of rib fractures did not affect the PVF. When the number of rib fractures was ≥ 5, the PVF was lower than in those with ≤ 4 fractures (VC: 0.40 vs. 0.47, P = 0.009; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.44, P = 0.012; PEF: 0.17 vs. 0.20, P = 0.031). There were no difference in PVF values between multiple and non-multiple rib fractures (VC: 0.41 vs. 0.43, P = 0.202; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.39, P = 0.692; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.18, P = 0.684). When there were ≥ 5 breakpoints, the PVF parameters were lower than those with ≤ 4 breakpoints (VC: 0.40 vs. 0.50, P = 0.030; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.45, P = 0.022; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.20, P = 0.013). When the NRS ≥ 7, the PVF values were lower than for those with NRS ≤ 6 (VC: 0.41 vs. 0.50, P = 0.003; FEV1: 0.37 vs. 0.47, P = 0.040; PEF: 0.18 vs. 0.20, P = 0.027).Conclusions: When the total number of fractured ribs is ≥ 5, there are ≥ 5 breakpoints, or NRS is ≥ 7, the VC, FEV1, and PEF are more affected.Trial registration: The trial was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital and individual consent for this retrospectively registered analysis was waived.
Vonoprazan Versus Lansoprazole in the Treatment of Artificial Gastric Ulcers After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kawai Daisuke , Takenaka Ryuta , Ishiguro Mikako , Okanoue Shotaro , Gotoda Tatsuhiro , Kono Yoshiyasu , Takemoto Koji , Tsugeno Hirofumi , Fujiki Shigeatsu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Vonoprazan is more potent and longer acting than traditional proton pump inhibitor. Although vonoprazan is expected to be superior to proton pump inhibitor, its efficacy in the treatment of gastric ulcers following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vonoprazan in artificial ulcer healing following ESD. Methods: Patients with gastric tumors were randomly assigned to the vonoprazan group (group V) or lansoprazole group (group L) after ESD. Patients received intravenous lansoprazole (30mg) twice on the day of ESD. Thereafter, patients were treated with vonoprazan (20 mg/day) in group V or lansoprazole (30 mg/day) in group L. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed 4 and 8 weeks after the ESD. Results: A total of 168 patients were analyzed. The 4-week healing rate for artificial ulcer was not significantly higher in group V versus group L (17/85, 20.0% vs. 14/83, 16.9%, respectively). In addition, there were no significant differences between the 4-week shrinkage rates between the two groups. Postoperative bleeding occurred in none of the patients in group V and three in group L. One patient in group V presented delayed perforation 2 days after ESD. Conclusions: Vonoprazan might not be superior to lansoprazole in the healing of artificial gastric ulcer after ESD.Trial registration; University hospital Medical Information Network (registration number: UMIN000016642), Registered 27 February 2015, https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm
Successful treatment of cervical and upper thoracic esophageal adenocarcinoma using induction chemotherapy followed by surgery: a case report
Authors: Imai Takeharu , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Ojio Hidenori , Sato Yuta , Suetsugu Tomonari , Fukada Masahiro , Yasufuku Itaru , Iwata Yoshinori , Mori Ryutaro , Imai Hisashi , Kato Takazumi , Okumura Naoki , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Futamura Manabu , Noguchi Kei , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCervical esophageal adenocarcinoma has a low incidence rate and its treatment involves various strategies. We report a patient with locally advanced cervical to upper esophageal adenocarcinoma, able to undergo induction chemotherapy and radical surgery. We report our case as a valuable clinical experience.Case presentationThe patient complained of throat stuffiness. We found a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma between the cervical esophagus and the upper thoracic esophagus. The primary lesion had infiltrated into the tracheal membrane and had metastatized into the cervical lymph nodes. The initial diagnosis was T4bN1M0 stage IVA. The lower edge of the tumor was close to the tracheal bifurcation, making it difficult to create a longitudinal tracheal foramen during surgery. Therefore, when biweekly-DCF therapy was performed as induction chemotherapy, the tumor shrank sufficiently. Furthermore, tumor infiltration into the tracheal membrane decreased, allowing us to perform total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection and reconstruction using free jejunal grafts and subtotal stomach via a posterior mediastinum route and a permanent tracheal foramen as a radical surgery. The pathological diagnosis was T2/MP, N1, and the effect of chemotherapy was grade 2. The patient is followed-up regularly.ConclusionsCervical esophageal adenocarcinoma was rare, but technically reliable and safe oncologic surgery was possible after induction chemotherapy.
High expression of PD-L1 Predicts Worse Overall Survival in the Cavitary Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jiangyong , Gu Mingming , Xue Yang , Ren Yong , Huang Wencai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective

Solitary cavitary lung cancer is one of the rare types of lung cancer. Generally, the relationship between cavitary lung adenocarcinoma and immunotherapy remains unknown. We aimed to assess programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) expression and CD8-positive (CD8+) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) density, and evaluate their prognostic significance of patients with cavitary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Methods

65 patients diagnosed as solitary cavitary LUAD were included in this study, 30 cases of noncavitary LUAD patients were collected as controls, and their specimens from surgery or biopsy were obtained. Expression of PD-L1 protein and CD8+ TILs were detected by traditional immunohistochemistry and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence technology. The correlations of PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, including overall survival in cavitary LUAD patients was evaluated based on the follow-up data.
Results

Overexpression of PD-L1 protein was detected in the tumor tissues of cavitary LUAD patients compared to the noncavitary LUAD controls. PD-L1 expression level was significantly related to the lymph node (P = 0.001), TNM stage (P = 0.024), and CD8+ TIL status (rs= -0.272, P = 0.025). High PD-L1 expression predicted high mortality rate (P < 0.001), but CD8+ TIL group showed better survival in cavitary LUAD patients (P = 0.011). This phenotype with high PD-L1 expression and low CD8 + TIL predicted poorer overall survival of the patients with cavitary LUAD, compared to the other phenotypes. Moreover, CD8+ TIL was an independent good prognosis factor.
Conclusion

We firstly demonstrated that PD-L1 is upregulated in the cavitary LUAD patients, and high expression of PD-L1 negatively correlated with CD8 T cell infiltrating status. High PD-L1 expression and low CD8 + TIL can predict poorer overall survival of the patients with cavitary LUAD.
A Novel Fusion between CDC42BPB and ALK Exon 20 in a Patient with Wild Type Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: a case report
Authors: Huang Wen , Yuan Wei , Ren Lei , Xu Chen , Luo Rongkui , Zhou Yuhong , Lu Weiqi , Hou Yingyong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common type of mesenchymal tumor in gastrointestinal tract (GI), with striking features of morphology and immunohistochemistry. Pathogenic activating mutations of the proto-Oncogene Kit are detected in 80–85% GISTs, while 5–7% of cases harbor activating mutations of platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA). There are still some rare mutation types, including succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-x, BRAF, RAS and NF1 mutations, or ETV6-NTRK3 fusion. Herein, we reported the first case of GIST with ALK gene rearrangement and ALK (D5F3) overexpression.
Case presentation

In this study, we described a 33-year-old female patient who appeared a massive space occupying lesion (with the maximum diameter of 22 cm) in the stomach and was eventually diagnosed as Kit and PDGFRA wide type GIST. We unexpectedly found that GIST of this patient showed ALK (D5F3) overexpression and harbored a novel fusion CDC42BPB exon 24-ALK in exon 20.
Conclusion

This is the first case of GIST with both ALK rearrangement (CDC42BPB exon 24-ALK in exon 20) and ALK (D5F3) overexpression. This rare phenomenon might suggest that ALK (D5F3) immunohistochemistry could be a screening tool for ALK-rearranged GIST. In addition, ALK inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic target for patients (with ALK rearrangement), which should be confirmed further.
Pancreatic inflammatory myofibroblastic of the pancreatic neck: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Zhitao , Lin Yaoxiang , Li Mengxia , Zhang Ting , Zhang Lele , Wan Dalong , Lin Shengzhang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Pancreatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a relatively rare disease, which is often confused with pancreatic cancer or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Its histological features are fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation, accompanied by varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration.
Case presentation

Herein, we presented the management of IMT occurring at the neck of pancreas. A 66-year-old female patient was diagnosed as pancreatic neck mass after a series of tests. Then she underwent enucleation of pancreatic neck tumor followed by pathological diagnosis of IMT. Meanwhile, we reviewed the clinical features and pathological diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic IMT which were previously reported. To our knowledge, this is the unique case of enucleation of pancreatic IMT. In the management of pancreatic IMT,
Conclusion

we concluded that enucleation may be a safe and efficient surgical method for the management of pancreatic IMT and may also provide a better prognosis. Further accumulation of cases is required to explore the surgical measure of pancreatic IMTs.
C-reactive protein with the survival outcomes of bladder cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Donald Ahouanse Roland , Ran Hailiang , Fang Die , Che Yusan , Xiao Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives

Accumulating evidences suggested that serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was associated with the survival of bladder cancer patients. However, incongruent findings have been reported.
Methods

We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of science through August 2020 in order to find all eligible studies on the association between CRP and the overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS) of bladder cancer patients. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) together with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by fixed-effect model if the heterogeneity was low, and random-effect model if the heterogeneity was high. A series of subgroup meta-analysis were performed with regard to the specific characteristics of study design.
Results

Thirteen eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results of 8 included studies revealed that an elevated CRP was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.16–4.34) and CSS (HR = 1.53 95% CI: 1.36–1.72) of bladder cancer. Besides, the combined results of 3 included studies also indicated an inferior DFS for bladder cancer patients of elevated CRP level (HR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.24–3.35). Subgroup analyses supported the robust association between elevated CRP and CSS.
Conclusions

These findings suggested that bladder cancer patients reported increase serum CRP had inferior prognostic outcomes.