bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Construction of Axially Chiral Amino Sulfide Vinyl Arenes by Chiral Sulfide‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Carbothiolation of Alkynes
Authors: Liang Yaoyu , Ji Jieying , Zhang Xiaoyan , Jiang Quanbin , Luo Jie , Zhao Xiaodan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe enantioselective construction of axially chiral compounds by electrophilic carbothiolation of alkynes is disclosed for the first time. This enantioselective transformation is enabled by the use of a Ts‐protected bifunctional sulfide catalyst and Ms‐protected ortho‐alkynylaryl amines (Ts=tosyl; Ms=mesyl). Both electrophilic arylthiolating and electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagents are suitable for this reaction. The obtained products of axially chiral vinyl–aryl amino sulfides can be easily converted into biaryl amino sulfides, biaryl amino sulfoxides, biaryl amines, vinyl–aryl amines, and other valuable difunctionalized compounds.
Biomedizinische Anwendungen von Calixarenen: Stand der Wissenschaft und Perspektiven
Authors: Pan Yu‐Chen , Hu Xin‐Yue , Guo Dong‐Sheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCalixarene (CAs) stellen die dritte Generation supramolekularer Wirtsstrukturen dar und sind eine der am häufigsten untersuchten makrocyclischen Gerüststrukturen. Sie bieten aufgrund ihrer einfachen Modifikation (fast) unbegrenzte Möglichkeiten, um große Molekülbibliotheken als Materialbasis für vielfältige biomedizinische Anwendungen zu etablieren. Darüber hinaus beteiligen sich CAs und ihre Derivate an verschiedenen nichtkovalenten Interaktionen zur einfachen Erkennung von Gaststrukturen, einschließlich bioaktiver Moleküle, und sind auch wichtige Bausteine für die Herstellung supramolekularer Architekturen. Im Hinblick auf ihre molekularen Erkennungs‐ und Selbstorganisationseigenschaften werden CAs in großem Umfang in der Biosensorik, dem Bioimaging und im Wirkstoff‐/Gentransport eingesetzt. Weiterhin weisen einige CA‐Derivate biologische Aktivitäten auf und können daher als neue Therapeutika eingesetzt werden. Wir fassen hier die vielfältigen biomedizinischen Anwendungen von CAs zusammen, einschließlich der In‐vitro‐Diagnostik (Biosensorik), In‐vivo‐Diagnostik (Bioimaging) und Therapie.
Online estimation for catalyst activity of acetylene hydrogenation reactor
Authors: Xie Fu‐Ming , Xu Feng , Liang Zhi‐Shan , Luo Xiong‐Lin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the ethylene industry, the high purity of the ethylene product depends on hydrogenation in acetylene hydrogenation reactor. Because the catalyst deactivation leads to the moving of the operating point, the operation scheme must be adjusted continually according to the catalyst activity. It is necessary to estimate the catalyst activity online. Based on the discrete dynamic model of the acetylene hydrogenation reactor, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to build the soft sensor for catalyst activity. Considering that EKF involves the large computation costs, we propose a method that estimates the parameters of the time‐varying deactivation kinetics model for the tradeoff of accuracy and complexity. The method is effective to reduce computation complexity of estimation, and simultaneously, the accuracy satisfies the process requirement.
High strength clean briquettes production from long‐flame coal fines by using polyvinyl alcohol and coal slime as binders
Authors: Liu Shoujun , Chang Zhiwei , Yang Song , Zhang Qian , Shangguan Ju , Du Wenguang , Ma Rui , Wang Zhao , Zhang Kaixia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigh strength clean briquettes production by using recycling coal fines is of great realistic significance in saving coal resources and protecting the environment. Blends consisting of a long‐flame coal fines and coal slime (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as binders were used in the preparation of briquettes. To produce a qualified clean briquette with enough briquette strength, the effects of the binder content, briquetting pressure, and moisture content were systemically investigated. The results indicated that the briquettes prepared by using blended binder with 20 wt.% of CS and 1 wt.% of PVA showed better compressive strength (10.2 MPa) and drop strength (98.3%). CS with particle size less than 0.2 mm could fill in the gap between the coarse coal particles uniformly, thus reinforcing the embedded state and leading to a higher briquette strength. Moreover, the strength of the briquettes was also affected by the briquetting pressure and moisture content. At briquetting pressure of 60 kN and optimum moisture content of 14%, the highest briquette strength was achieved. The hydroxyl content of the briquettes by adding CS and PVA increased significantly. In this condition, a highly viscous network colloid was formed when the PVA and water were mixed together. When the briquettes were dried, the colloid could produce a dendritic structure, which was mechanically embedded between adjacent coal particles.
Potential impacts of non‐native fish on the threatened mahseer (Tor) species of the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hot spot
Authors: Gupta Nishikant , Everard Mark , Nautiyal Prakash , Kochhar Ishaan , Sivakumar Kuppusamy , Johnson Jeyaraj Antony , Borgohain Atul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Mahseer (Tor) fish species are critical components of locally adapted freshwater food webs across the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hotspot; however, multiple human stressors compounded by climate change have significantly depleted their populations over recent decades.
Mahseer species are now considered locally vulnerable or endangered in many regions. Hydropower projects in particular have fragmented populations, impairing genetic exchange, obstructing migratory paths, and changing the structure and functioning of riverine habitats, especially of formerly fast‐flowing rivers.
Worryingly, a literature survey and group discussions reveal that the increasing spread of non‐native fish species further compounds threats to mahseer and overall freshwater ecology. A better understanding of the current distribution, habitat requirement, and dispersal of non‐native fish is therefore essential to manage the growing threats to mahseer in the Indian Himalayan region.
Nontargeted urine metabolomics analysis of the protective and therapeutic effects of Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis Pericarpium on high‐fat feed‐induced hyperlipidemia in rats
Authors: Zeng Wei , Huang Ke‐Er , Luo Yan , Li Dong‐Xiao , Chen Wei , Yu Xiao‐Qing , Ke Xue‐Hong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we focused on studying the changes in urine metabolites in hyperlipidemic rats using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐fight mass spectrometry (UPLC–Q‐TOF/MS) and metabolomics, as well as the effect of Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis Pericarpium (CRCP) on hyperlipidemia. These urine samples were examined by UPLC–Q‐TOF/MS to obtain MS data. The MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis and partial least squares‐discriminant analysis to identify the differential metabolites. CRCP reduced the body weight and levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and abnormally decreased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rats, which were significantly raised by a high‐fat diet. Twenty‐seven potential biomarkers were identified within the complex sample matrix of urine. Fourteen biomarkers increased in the hyperlipidemia rats compared with normal rats. Meanwhile, 13 biomarkers decreased. CRCP reversed abnormal changes in biomarkers, including 5‐l‐glutamyl‐taurine, 5‐aminopentanoic acid, cis‐4‐octenedioic acid and 2‐octenedioic acid. These biomarkers show that hyperlipidemia is related to the metabolic pathways of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism. CRCP mainly prevents hyperlipidemia by intervening in these metabolic pathways.
Significance of bulky mass and residual tumor—Treated with or without consolidative radiotherapy—To the risk of relapse in DLBCL patients
Authors: Tokola Susanna , Kuitunen Hanne , Turpeenniemi‐Hujanen Taina , Kuittinen Outi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBulky and residual tumor are considered to increase the risk of relapse in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Radiotherapy is conventionally used to reduce the risk, but the evidence is controversial. We performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the significance of bulky and residual tumor treated with or without radiotherapy in DLBCL patients. We analyzed 312 DLBCL patients treated from 2010‐2017 in Oulu University Hospital. A bulky tumor was detected in 123 patients and 55 of these patients (44.3%) received consolidative radiation therapy (RT) to the bulky tumor. Residual tumor meeting the required criteria was found in 138 (39.3%) patients, and 65 (45.5%) of these patients received consolidative RT to the site of residual tumor. iPET‐CT scans were performed in 102 patients. In multivariate analyses, bulky was an independent risk factor in limited stage patients in progression free survival (HR 6.43 [95%CI 1.609‐25.710]; P = .008) not related to International prognostic index (HR 1.35 [95% CI 0.256‐7.124]; P = .724) or age (HR 1.62 [95% CI 0.468‐5.638]; P = .445). This was not seen in advanced stage patients or in patients with residual tumor. Radiotherapy to the bulky or residual tumor was not able to improve the long‐term PFS of patients. In this study, it appears that performing iPET is the most convincing method in improving evaluation and in finding patients with increased risk of relapse. Evidently, patients with negative iPET will not benefit from including RT in the treatment after metabolic complete response (CR), and patients with primary refractory disease are most likely in the group of positive iPET.
ELF1‐mediated LUCAT1 promotes choroidal melanoma by modulating RBX1 expression
Authors: Wang Lina , Tang Dongrun , Wu Tong , Sun Fengyuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulators of gene expression and biological behaviors. However, the contribution of lncRNA LUCAT1 to choroidal melanoma (CM) remains unexplored. Here, we examined the expression of LUCAT1 in CM cells by qRT‐PCR and investigated its biological effects by cell counting kit‐8, EdU, TUNEL, transwell assays, and Western blot. Bioinformatics tools were applied to find RNA candidates for further study. Moreover, mechanistic experiments including RNA immunoprecipitation assay, pull‐down assay, and luciferase reporter assay confirmed the relation or interaction among the indicated molecules. Here, we reported ELF1 as the transcription activator of LUCAT1. Functionally, elevated expression of LUCAT1 positively regulated CM cell proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process. In addition, we verified the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis of LUCAT1 and confirmed LUCAT1 modulates CM progression by modulating miR‐514a/b‐3p/RBX1 axis. Meanwhile, miR‐514a/b‐3p was suggested to repress CM progression, whereas RBX1 was unmasked to aggravate CM development. Of note, RBX1 overexpression rescued the inhibitory effect of LUCAT1 silence on the biological processes of CM cells. Altogether, this study unveiled the modulation axis ELF1/LUCAT1/miR‐514a/b‐3p/RBX1 and evidenced LUCAT1 as a promoter in CM for the first time, providing a novel insight into future treatment of CM.
Race, tumor location, and disease progression among low‐risk prostate cancer patients
Authors: Mygatt Justin G. , Cullen Jennifer , Streicher Samantha A. , Kuo Huai‐Ching , Chen Yongmei , Young Denise , Gesztes William , Williams Grant , Conti Galen , Porter Christopher , Stroup Sean P. , Rice Kevin R. , Rosner Inger L. , Burke Allen , Sesterhenn Isabell 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between race, prostate tumor location, and BCR‐free survival is inconclusive. This study examined the independent and joint roles of patient race and tumor location on biochemical recurrence‐free (BCR) survival.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among men with newly diagnosed, biopsy‐confirmed, NCCN‐defined low risk CaP who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center from 1996 to 2008. BCR‐free survival was modeled using Kaplan‐Meier estimation curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards (PH) analyses.ResultsThere were 539 eligible patients with low‐risk CaP (25% African American, AA; 75% Caucasian American, CA). Median age at CaP diagnosis and post‐RP follow‐up time was 59.2 and 8.1 years, respectively. Kaplan‐Meier analyses showed no significant association between race (P = .52) or predominant tumor location (P = .98) on BCR‐free survival. In Cox PH multivariable analysis, neither race (HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.68‐2.02; P = .56) nor predominant tumor location (HR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.59‐2.15; P = .71) was an independent predictor of BCR‐free survival.ConclusionsNeither race nor predominant tumor location was associated with adverse oncologic outcome.
Synthesis of Taxol and Docetaxel by Using 10‐Deacetyl‐7‐xylosyltaxanes
Authors: Xue Baoyu , Zhao Junhong , Fan Yange , Chen Shipeng , Li Wenfeng , Chen Jin , Li Zheng , Wang Hongxing , Kong Hongjun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA mixture of taxols was prepared from 10‐deacetyl‐7‐xylosyltaxanes by three‐step reactions: redox, acetylation, and deacetylation. The mixture was separated by column chromatography on silica gel to afford Taxol, Taxol B (Cephalomannine) and Taxol C. The mixture of Taxol B and Taxol C was converted to Docetaxel by Schwartz's reagent. The structures of Taxol and Docetaxel were characterized by HPLC, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and MS. This synthetic process has expanded the source of biomass for the chemical semi‐synthesis of Taxol and Docetaxel, reduced the production costs, and increased the biomass resource of taxanes.
Practical guide to prevention of contrast‐induced acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Bugani Giulia , Ponticelli Francesco , Giannini Francesco , Gallo Francesco , Gaudenzi Eleonora , Laricchia Alessandra , Fisicaro Andrea , Cimaglia Paolo , Mangieri Antonio , Gardi Ilja , Colombo Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractContrast‐induced acute kidney injury (CI‐AKI) represents a common but serious complication of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI)—and in general of all those examinations requiring iodinated contrast injection—which affects not only renal function but also long‐term prognosis. While several prophylactic approaches were designed in order to prevent CI‐AKI, most failed to demonstrate clear benefits in randomized trials, and their implementation is therefore discouraged in clinical practice. The most notorious examples include pre‐procedural bicarbonate or N‐acetylcysteine, and preprocedural withdrawal of ACE inhibitors/Angiotensin receptor blockers. Those strategies that were instead demonstrated effective include the appropriate use of preprocedural hydration, reduction in contrast volume utilization, adoption of techniques for zero‐ or ultra‐low‐contrast procedures, and pharmacological treatments with statins. In this brief review, we summarize the main preventive strategies into brief and pragmatic recommendations designed to improve everyday clinical practice.
Impending hand compartment syndrome in an infant: is clinical evaluation enough to perform a fasciotomy?
Authors: Delniotis Ioannis , Gekas Christos , Leidinger Benedikt , Delniotis Alexandros , Galanis Nikiforos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of the early diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndrome in children. Late diagnosis can lead to irreversible outcomes, including myonecrosis, neurologic injury, functional problems, and even amputation. In this age group, clinical judgment may be enough to proceed with fasciotomy.
Chan‐Lam‐type Azidation and One‐Pot CuAAC under CuI‐Zeolite Catalysis
Authors: Clerc Arnaud , Bénéteau Valérie , Pale Patrick , Chassaing Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe copper(I)‐exchanged zeolite CuI‐USY proved to efficiently catalyze the direct azidation of arylboronic acids with sodium azide under simple and practical conditions, namely at room temperature under air with methanol as solvent and without any additive. This easy‐to‐prepare and cheap catalytic material has been demonstrated to be recyclable and the mild azidation conditions further showed good functional‐group tolerance, leading to a variety of substituted (hetero)aryl azides (18 examples). Interestingly, the azidation reaction has been successfully coupled to a CuAAC reaction, thus allowing access to triazoles from arylboronic acids via a one‐pot CuI‐catalyzed process.
Selective Oxyfunctionalisation Reactions Driven by Sulfite Oxidase‐Catalysed In Situ Generation of H2O2
Authors: van Schie Morten M. C. H. , Kaczmarek Alexander T. , Tieves Florian , Gomez de Santos Patricia , Paul Caroline E. , Arends Isabel W. C. E. , Alcalde Miguel , Schwarz Günter , Hollmann Frank 
Published: January 2020

AbstractH2O2 can be accepted by several peroxygenases as a clean oxidant, able to supply both the necessary electrons and oxygen atom at the same time. The biocatalysts, in turn, are able to catalyse an array of interesting oxygen insertion reactions at enantio‐ and regio‐selectivities hard to attain with classical chemical methods. The sensitivity of most peroxygenases towards H2O2, however, requires this oxidant to be generated in situ. Here, we suggest the application of (modified) sulfite oxidases to couple the oxidation of sulfites to the reduction of oxygen. This enables us to use calcium sulfite, an industrial waste product from scrubbing flue gases, as an electron donor to reduce oxygen. This will supply the required peroxide in a controlled manner and enables us to perform these challenging reactions at the expense of simple salts.
Carbon Anchored Epitaxially Grown Nickel Cobalt‐Based Carbonate Hydroxide for Urea Electrooxidation Reaction with a High Activity and Durability
Authors: Khalafallah Diab , Ouyang Chong , Zhi Mingjia , Hong Zhanglian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUrea has shown a potential importance as a possible alternative hydrogen‐storage source for low‐temperature fuel cells. Besides, the electrooxidation of urea provides an efficient solution for the disposal of wastewater in the agricultural industry, but the state‐of‐the art urea electrocatalysis suffers from the associated sluggish kinetics. In this study, we fabricated unique vertically aligned nanorod arrays‐like carbon anchored nickel‐cobalt carbonate hydroxides (C−NiCo CHs) without agglomeration through a mass scale one‐step hydrothermal approach for electrocatalytic oxidation of urea in an alkaline environment. The composite affords a high specific surface area of 162.55 m2 g−1 with distinctive porous features, suggesting a large surface exposure and sufficient electrolyte accessibility during chemical reactions. The catalyst exhibits an outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards urea electrooxidation with a high current density and an outstanding durability benefiting from the tuned electric conductivity. Impressively, the hybrid shows a greatly improved catalytic performance at higher KOH moieties with a much‐enhanced peak current and a negatively shifted onset voltage, which can be interpreted by the intensive Ni activation processes caused by the densely formed OH− ions. These findings signify that the well‐developed nanoarchitecture of C−NiCo CHs hybrid could pave the way to rationally fabricate highly active electrocatalysts for urea electrocatalysis.
Catalytic Hydrogen Production from Methane Partial Oxidation: Mechanism and Kinetic Study
Authors: Osman Ahmed I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe multifunctional potential of a transition and noble metal catalyst supported on either a single support or combined oxide support in the catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOM) is reviewed. The close interaction and interfacial area between the metal, reducible oxide, and acidic support are highlighted, which are crucial for low‐temperature CPOM. The effects of the catalyst components and their preparation methods are considered. Their impact on the catalytic performance and stability on the CPOM reaction is evaluated. The two main mechanisms of CPOM, namely, direct partial oxidation and combustion and reforming reaction, are also covered along with the most recent kinetic studies. Finally, the deactivation of the CPOM catalysts is evaluated in terms of coke and carbon deposition along with CO poisoning.
A Comparative Study of Hydroxyapatite‐ and Alumina‐Based Catalysts in Dry Reforming of Methane
Authors: Rego de Vasconcelos Bruna , Pham Minh Doan , Martins Emmanuel , Germeau Alain , Sharrock Patrick , Nzihou Ange 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe dry reforming of methane over hydroxyapatite‐ and alumina/magnesia (commercial Pural MG 30)‐supported nickel catalysts was investigated. The catalytic performance of the catalysts prepared with fresh supports highly depended on the basicity, the metal‐support interaction, and the metal particle size. Calcination of the supports at 1200 °C for 5 h made the catalysts less active because of specific surface area reduction and basicity destruction. However, this treatment allowed avoiding any further catalyst deactivation by thermal sintering and maintained excellent catalytic stability over 300 h of time‐on‐stream. These tests under simulated industrial conditions (high contact time and long time‐on‐stream) showed the competitiveness of the prepared catalysts in this important catalytic process.
π‐Extended Donor–Acceptor Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation
Authors: Galstyan Anzhela , Maurya Yogesh Kumar , Zhylitskaya Halina , Bae Youn Jue , Wu Yi‐Lin , Wasielewski Michael R. , Lis Tadeusz , Dobrindt Ulrich , Stępień Marcin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFree base, zinc and palladium π‐extended porphyrins containing fused naphthalenediamide units were employed as photosensitizers in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Their efficacy, assessed by photophysical and in vitro photobiological studies on Gram‐positive bacteria, was found to depend on metal coordination, showing a dramatic enhancement of photosensitizing activity for the palladium complex.