bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering of buried interfaces in perovskites: advancing sustainable photovoltaics
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Jo William 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention for their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and potential for cost-effective, large-scale manufacturing. This comprehensive review focuses on the role of buried interface engineering in enhancing the performance and stability of PSCs with both n-type electron transport layer/perovskite/p-type hole transport layer (n-i-p) and p-type hole transport layer/perovskite/n-type electron transport layer (p-i-n) structures. This study highlights key challenges associated with interface engineering, such as charge extraction, recombination loss, and energy level alignment. Various interface engineering techniques, such as surface passivation, self-assembled monolayers, and additive engineering, are explored in terms of their effectiveness in mitigating recombination loss and improving long-term device stability. This review also provides an in-depth analysis of material selection for the electron and hole transport layers, defect management techniques, and the influence of these on perovskite film quality and device stability. Advanced characterization methods for buried interfaces are discussed, providing insights into the structural, morphological, and electronic properties that govern device performance. Furthermore, we explore emerging approaches that target homogenous cation distribution and phase stability at buried interfaces, both of which are crucial for improving PCEs beyond current benchmarks. By synthesizing the latest research findings and identifying key challenges, this review aims to guide future directions in interface engineering for PSCs and ensure their successful use in next-generation sustainable energy technologies.
Graphical Abstract
Critical Fluctuations as an Early Warning Signal of Sports Injuries? A Proof of Concept Using Football Monitoring Data
Authors: Neumann Niklas D. , Brauers Jur J. , van Yperen Nico W. , van der Linde Mees , Lemmink Koen A. P. M. , Brink Michel S. , Hasselman Fred , den Hartigh Ruud J. R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
There has been an increasing interest in the development and prevention of sports injuries from a complex dynamic systems perspective. From this perspective, injuries may occur following critical fluctuations in the psychophysiological state of an athlete. Our objective was to quantify these so-called Early Warning Signals (EWS) as a proof of concept to determine their explanatory performance for injuries. The sample consisted of 23 professional youth football (soccer) players. Self-reports of psychological and physiological factors as well as data from heart rate and GPS sensors were gathered on every training and match day over two competitive seasons, which resulted in an average of 339 observations per player (range = 155–430). We calculated the Dynamic Complexity (DC) index of these data, representing a metric of critical fluctuations. Next, we used this EWS to predict injuries (traumatic and overuse).

Results
Results showed a significant peak of DC in 30% of the incurred injuries, in the six data points (roughly one and a half weeks) before the injury. The warning signal exhibited a specificity of 95%, that is, correctly classifying non-injury instances. We followed up on this promising result with additional calculations to account for the naturally imbalanced data (fewer injuries than non-injuries). The relatively low F1 we obtained (0.08) suggests that the model's overall ability to discriminate between injuries and non-injuries is rather poor, due to the high false positive rate.

Conclusion
By detecting critical fluctuations preceding one-third of the injuries, this study provided support for the complex systems theory of injuries. Furthermore, it suggests that increasing critical fluctuations may be seen as an EWS on which practitioners can intervene. Yet, the relatively high false positive rate on the entire data set, including periods without injuries, suggests critical fluctuations may also precede transitions to other (e.g., stronger) states. Future research should therefore dig deeper into the meaning of critical fluctuations in the psychophysiological states of athletes.

Key Points

Complex Systems Theory suggests that sports injuries may be preceded by a warning signal characterized by a short window of increased critical fluctuations.

Results of the current study showed such increased critical fluctuations before 30% of the injuries. Across the entire data set, we also found a considerable number of critical fluctuations that were not followed by an injury, suggesting that the warning signal may also precede transitions to other (e.g., healthier) states.

Increased critical fluctuations may be interpreted as a window of opportunity for the practitioner to launch timely and targeted interventions, and researchers should dig deeper into the meaning of such fluctuations.
sST2 levels and 3D speckle tracking as predictors of CAD severity in chronic coronary syndrome
Authors: Setouhi Amr , Maghraby K. , Taha Nasser , Abdelsayed M. , Hassan Mohammed H. , Mahmoud Hossam Eldin M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies on the relation of sST2 with atherosclerotic disease mostly focused on the predictive value of sST2 for heart failure. However, there is no definite conclusion about the correlation between sST2 level and a complex coronary lesion morphology detected with coronary angiography (CAG). The purpose of this work was to know sST2 level and 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography as predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) individuals using Gensini score. This prospective cohort work was performed on 90 participants aging from 18 to 80 years old, both sexes, with stable angina pectoris. Participants had been categorized into three groups: Group I (n = 30): control group scheduled by normal coronary angiography and group II (n = 60): case group which subdivided according to Gensini score into two equal subgroups: IIa: simple lesion (Gensini score < 20) and group IIb: complex lesion (Gensini score of ≥ 20). Plasma sST2 levels were measured in all participants using ELISA technique.

Results
GLS, GAS, GCS and ST2 can significantly predict severity of CAD in CCS, respectively (P < 0.001 and AUC (95% CI) = 0.949(0.881–0.984), 0.980(0.925 to 0.998), 0.908(0.828 to 0.959) and 0.702(0.597 to 0.794)) at cutoff ≥ − 10, − 21, − 12 and ≥ 10 with 96.67% (82.8% to 99.9%), 96.67% (82.8 to 99.9), 86.67% (69.3 to 96.2) and 63.33% (43.9 to 80.1) sensitivity (95% CI), 76.67% (64.0% to 86.6%), 85.0% (73.4 to 92.9), 73.33% (60.3 to 83.9) and 65.0% (51.6 to 76.9) specificity (95% CI), 67.44%, 76.32%, 61.90% and 47.50% PPV and 97.87%, 98.08%, 91.67% and 78.00%, NPV with accuracy of 83.33%, 88.89%, 77.78% and 64.44%.

Conclusions
sST2 level, GLS, GAS and GCS can significantly predict severity of CAD in CCS.
Comprehensive Comparisons of Different Treatments for Active Graves’ Orbitopathy: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Model-Based Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Yanlin , Liu Ruikang , Huang Liying , Qin You , Liu Wei , Huang Shenyu , Zhang Jiaoyue 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of various treatments for active thyroid eye disease.

Method
We conducted a comprehensive search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and ongoing RCTs registered on Controlled Trials, targeting treatments for thyroid eye disease up until November 20, 2024. Employing a Bayesian framework, this network meta-analysis calculated risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to size the effects for the predetermined outcomes. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024548030).

Outcome
The primary outcomes evaluated were overall response rate, clinical activity score(CAS), proptosis, diplopia and adverse events.

Results
For the overall response rate, teprotumumab (RR 5.5, 95%CI 2.3 to 16), mycophenolate combined intravenous glucocorticosteroids (IVGCs) demonstrated effectiveness over no treatment, ranked from most to least effective. Notably, teprotumumab showed the highest efficacy in reducing CAS (MD -1.57, 95%CI -3.81 to 0.68) and proptosis (MD -2.29, 95%CI -2.73 to -1.86). For diplopia improvement, teprotumumab and IVGCs were effective compared to no treatment.

Conclusion
Teprotumumab emerges as potentially the most effective treatment for reducing inflammation and increasing overall response rates when compared to no treatment, oral mycophenolate combined with intravenous glucocorticosteroids appears to be the best one in improving proptosis. While some treatments raise safety concerns due to reported adverse events, oral methotrexate combined with intravenous glucocorticosteroids appear to offer a favorable balance between efficacy and safety among the evaluated treatments.
Examining the NEUROG2 lineage and associated gene expression in human cortical organoids
Authors: Vasan Lakshmy , Chinchalongporn Vorapin , Saleh Fermisk , Zinyk Dawn , Ke Cao , Suresh Hamsini , Ghazale Hussein , Belfiore Lauren , Touahri Yacine , Oproescu Ana-Maria , Patel Shruti , Rozak Matthew , Amemiya Yutaka , Han Sisu , Moffat Alexandra , Black Sandra E. , McLaurin JoAnne , Near Jamie , Seth Arun , Goubran Maged , Reiner Orly , Gillis Jesse , Wang Chao , Okawa Satoshi , Schuurmans Carol 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Proneural genes are conserved drivers of neurogenesis across the animal kingdom. How their functions have adapted to guide human-specific neurodevelopmental features is poorly understood. Here, we mined transcriptomic data from human fetal cortices and generated from human embryonic stem cell-derived cortical organoids (COs) to show that NEUROG1 and NEUROG2 are most highly expressed in basal neural progenitor cells, with pseudotime trajectory analyses indicating that NEUROG1-derived lineages predominate early and NEUROG2 lineages later. Using ChIP-qPCR, gene silencing and overexpression studies in COs, we show that NEUROG2 is necessary and sufficient to directly transactivate known target genes (NEUROD1, EOMES, RND2). To identify new targets, we engineered NEUROG2-mCherry knock-in human embryonic stem cells for CO generation. The mCherry-high CO cell transcriptome is enriched in extracellular matrix-associated genes, and two genes associated with human-accelerated regions: PPP1R17 and FZD8. We show that NEUROG2 binds COL1A1, COL3A1 and PPP1R17 regulatory elements, and induces their ectopic expression in COs, although NEUROG2 is not required for this expression. Neurog2 similarly induces Col3a1 and Ppp1r17 in murine P19 cells. These data are consistent with a conservation of NEUROG2 function across mammalian species.
CFI-1 functions unilaterally to restrict gap junction formation in C. elegans
Authors: Wu Zan , Pang Lin , Ding Mei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Electrical coupling is vital to neural communication, facilitating synchronized activity among neurons. Despite its significance, the precise mechanisms governing the establishment of gap junction connections between specific neurons remain elusive. Here, we identified that the PVC interneuron in Caenorhabditis elegans forms gap junction connections with the PVR interneuron. The transcriptional regulator CFI-1 (ARID3) is specifically expressed in the PVC but not PVR interneuron. Reducing cfi-1 expression in the PVC interneuron leads to enhanced gap junction formation in the PVR neuron, while ectopic expression of cfi-1 in the PVR neuron restores the proper level of gap junction connections in the PVC neuron, along with the normal touch response. These findings unveil the pivotal role of CFI-1 in bidirectionally regulating the formation of gap junctions within a specific neuronal pair, shedding light on the intricate molecular mechanisms governing neuronal connectivity in vivo.
The Association between Movement Behaviours and Mental Health Issues in Adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Dastamooz Sima , Ho Rainbow T. H. , Arbour-Nicitopoulos Kelly , Wong Stephen H. S. , Sit Cindy H. P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To examine movement behaviour with stress-related biomarkers alongside self-reported mental health issues in adolescents with Neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods
One hundred fifty-one adolescents with clinically diagnosed NDD and aged between 12-17 years were recruited in Hong Kong secondary schools. Salivary cortisol as a stress-related biomarker and self-reported mental health variables including anxiety, depression, and stress were collected. PA levels (light PA [LPA], moderate PA [MPA], moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], and vigorous PA [VPA]) and sedentary behaviour [SB] were measured using a tri-axial waist-worn accelerometer. Data were analyzed using bootstrapping regression models (bias-corrected method), adjusted for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI).

Results
A significant negative association between MPA and MVPA with self-reported stress and a negative association between MVPA and self-reported anxiety were observed in adolescents with ADHD. A significant positive association between SB and salivary cortisol and a negative association between VPA and salivary cortisol in adolescents with comorbid ASD-ADHD was observed.

Conclusions
Study results demonstrated the association of PA levels and SB with mental ill-being including stress-related biomarkers in both adolescents with ADHD and comorbid ASD-ADHD. Participation in PA, in particular at MVPA intensity, may be essential for mitigating mental health issues in this population. Alternatively, our results could show that mitigating stress and mental health issues is critical for PA participation in adolescents with NDD.
New record of interactions between spotted skunk (Spilogale sp.) and gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) in Nayarit, México
Authors: Luja Víctor H. , Zamudio María G. 
Published: December 2024

Para entender la dinámica de los ecosistemas terrestres, es fundamental estudiar las interacciones entre diferentes especies. Estas interacciones (depredación, mutualismo, competencia y parasitismo), desempeñan un papel crucial en la regulación de las poblaciones y la distribución de las especies. Se utilizaron cámaras trampa para registrar la biodiversidad del parque natural La Montaña Encantada, Municipio de Xalisco, Nayarit. Se obtuvieron 3 registros de interacción entre un zorrillo manchado (Spilogale sp.) y la zorra gris (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). En los videos obtenidos, el zorrillo sigue a la zorra muy de cerca; en uno de ellos la zorra incluso regresa a buscarlo. Estos reportes de interacción entre zorrillos y zorras, los primeros registrados en bosque de encino en el occidente de México, se suman a los obtenidos para los ecosistemas áridos de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Puebla y en las selvas de la Península de Yucatán. Las interacciones entre zorra gris y zorrillos ocurren también en bosques de encino de Nayarit. Es necesario realizar estudios específicos para entender las causas y consecuencias de dichas interacciones.
Determinants of anaemia among pregnant women in Central Region, Ghana
Authors: Owusu-Sarpong Akosua Agyeiwaa , Anane Agnes Achiamaa , Sarpong Godfred Kwabena , Asante Kusi Rita Agyekumwah , Djan Richardson Ohene , Adu-Gyamfi Rhoda , Adjin-Tettey Philip , Tetteh Ato Kwamena 
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims In Ghana, anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem. As part of the Central Regional Health Directorate's mandate to address determinants of anaemia among pregnant women, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of anaemia and factors that influence its occurrence in Central Region. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 391 pregnant women aged 15–45 years old at ≥36 weeks' gestation from 12 randomly selected district hospitals and polyclinics in the Central Region. Data on their anaemia status and sociodemographic characteristics were collected between May and June 2022. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between anaemia and influencing factors. Results Overall, 47.1% of participants had anaemia, which was significantly associated with age (χ2=10.3, P=0.036). In multivariate analysis, pregnant women aged 21–25 years were significantly less likely (adjusted odds ratio=0.32, P=0.017) to experience anaemia compared to younger women. Conclusions Anaemia among pregnant women in the Central Region of Ghana is high, and age is a significant influencing factor. Several steps can be taken to lower the prevalence of anaemia, beginning with continuous public education on the importance of early antenatal care and nutrition during pregnancy. Other behaviours that may improve haemoglobin concentration include abstaining from alcoholic beverages and traditional herbal medicines, eating nutritious meals, increasing prophylaxis against malaria and intestinal worms and ensuring HIV-infected women are taking antivirals. Implications for practice The high prevalence of anaemia poses a major public health challenge, necessitating urgent coordinated efforts and resource allocation. Collaborative initiatives across sectors are vital for enhancing access to iron-rich foods and health services. A strong data system is essential for informed policymaking and implementing evidence-based strategies.
Avaliação Discente dos Cursos de Gestão Durante a Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: SOUZA SANTOS ROBERTA , MENDES VIEIRA KELMARA , SILVA GIACOMELLI GIANA 
Published: December 2024

A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou de modo global diversas atividades e serviços, entre eles o setor educacional foi um dos mais atingidos, o que ocasionou uma abrupta migração das aulas presenciais para o Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Dentro desta perspectiva, o objetivo do presente artigo foi avaliar a satisfação discente com as disciplinas ofertadas pelos cursos de gestão em uma universidade pública, no período da pandemia. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de uma survey on line, valendo as análises de dados por meio das técnicas de estatística descritiva e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados evidenciaram que, em geral, os alunos demonstraram satisfação com o ensino on line. Os aspectos avaliados foram atuação docente na disciplina, metodologia de ensino, satisfação geral e conteúdo da disciplina. Este último representou a média mais elevada de satisfação. Já a análise de regressão indicou que a metodologia de ensino exerceu influência considerável na satisfação geral. Com isso, observou-se que a instituição conseguiu enfrentar os desafios impostos, para que os seus serviços educacionais se desenvolvessem de modo a superar a situação de crise sanitária pública. Um fator que pode ter contribuido para isso foram sua infraestrutura física e tecnológica, além de docentes capacitados.
Dual-Comb Spectroscopy in the Deep Ultraviolet for Laser Plasma Characterization
Authors: Jones R. Jason 
Published: December 2024

We utilize time-resolved dual-comb spectroscopy in the deep ultraviolet (260nm) to measure the evolution of ionic and atomic species within a laser plasmas. Spectral analysis yields information on column densities, temperatures, and electron densities.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Rendezvous mit einer autonom navigierenden Paketstation—Ein innovatives Geschäftsmodell für die letzte Meile Logistik mit Gaia-X
Authors: Heinbach Christoph , Haff André , Lapp Nicolas , Jaschinski-Schürmann Bernd , Rychlik Hanspeter , Schulz Wolfgang H. 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungAutonome Liefer- und Zustellroboter durchdringen zunehmend das Pakettransportgeschäft, um die letzte Meile Logistik (LML) effizienter und nachhaltiger zu gestalten. Dabei entstehen neue Formen der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, die neben den operativen Vorteilen auch das Kundenerlebnis verbessern können. Gleichzeitig wird der Aufbau dezentraler Datenräume mit Gaia‑X in Europa für einen souveränen Datenaustausch und fairen Datenwettbewerb im Mobilitätssektor vorangetrieben. Trotz dieser vielversprechenden Entwicklungen und Möglichkeiten im Mobilitätsbereich werden transferorientierte Geschäftsmodelle bisher unzureichend für die LML thematisiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich dem Konsortialforschungsprojekt Gaia-X 4 ROMS und stellt ein innovatives Geschäftsmodell für neuartige autonom navigierende Paketstationen (ANP) auf Basis eines interaktiven Rendezvous-Prinzips vor. Mittels Design Thinking werden die zentralen Bestandteile für ein ANP-spezifisches Geschäftsmodell identifiziert und in einem Business Model Canvas für Flottenbetreiber des Paket- und Expresslogistikmarktes exemplarisch entworfen. Das gestaltete ANP-Geschäftsmodell wird abschließend in Handlungsempfehlungen für LML-Stakeholder überführt, die marktfähige ANP-Innovationen fokussieren und gleichzeitig eine hohe Datensouveränität anstreben. Gaia-X-Kompetenzen, Technologieoffenheit, Vertrauen und Zusammenarbeit sowie Schnelligkeit und Kontinuität stellen entscheidende Aspekte dar, damit die Nutzung zukünftiger föderierter Dateninfrastrukturen und der gezielte ANP-Einsatz im Bereich der LML erfolgreich gelingen können.
Development of a latex microsphere-based lateral flow immunoassay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica
Authors: Tabilin Emmanuel John , Gordon Catherine A. , Mu Yi , Jiz Mario , Inobaya Marianette , Avenido-Cervantes Eleonor , Gray Darren , Mationg Mary Lorraine , McManus Donald P. , Egwang Thomas G. , Adriko Moses , Sako Yasuhito , Sato Marcello Otake , Sato Megumi , You Hong , Kelly Matthew , Cai Pengfei 
Published: December 2024

Background
Zoonotic schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, is prevalent in China, the Philippines and Indonesia. Rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are attractive and promising tools for evaluating the efficacy of intervention strategies for schistosomiasis control.

Methodology
The diagnostic potential of five recombinant antigens was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from individuals with positive Kato-Katz (KK) results for S. japonicum (n = 28) and non-endemic controls (n = 12). A latex microsphere (LM)-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) incorporating the recombinant SjSAP4 (rSjSAP4) was developed for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. The test conditions including diluent, dilution factor and reaction time, were optimised for the developed LFIA. Under the optimised conditions, serum samples from individuals living in a barangay endemic for S. japonicum (n = 549) and non-endemic controls (n = 50) were tested with the established LFIA cassettes. The results were imaged by a smartphone and analysed by the ImageJ program. The intensity ratio of the test line to the control line (T/C ratio) was calculated for each cassette.

Main findings
ELISA confirmed that rSjSAP4 was the optimal candidate for serological diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Under optimal testing conditions, the developed LFIA strips had a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 98.0% at a cut-off T/C ratio of 0.1031. Moreover, the results of the LM-based LFIA was positively correlated with those obtained from the rSjSAP4-ELISA (r = 0.8270, 95% CI, 0.7990–0.8514; p < 0.0001). The schistosomiasis prevalence determined by the LFIA strips was about 1.8 times greater than that obtained with the 6-slide KK procedure performed on three stool samples.

Conclusions/Significance
The developed LFIA represents a POC diagnostic tool that is suitable for onsite screening of human S. japonicum infection with minimal equipment needed. The established immunochromatographic assay complies with most of the WHO’s ASSURED criteria for POC diagnostics.