bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Migraine and Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults
Authors: Martinez‐Majander Nicolas , Artto Ville , Ylikotila Pauli , von Sarnowski Bettina , Waje‐Andreassen Ulrike , Yesilot Nilufer , Zedde Marialuisa , Huhtakangas Juha , Numminen Heikki , Jäkälä Pekka , Fonseca Ana C. , Redfors Petra , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Pezzini Alessandro , Putaala Jukka ,   the SECRETO Study Group
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the association between migraine and cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) in young adults, with subgroup analyses stratified by sex and presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO).MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 347 consecutive patients aged 18 to 49 years with a recent CIS and 347 age‐ and sex‐matched (±5 years) stroke‐free controls. Any migraine and migraine with (MA) and migraine without aura (MO) were identified by a screener, which we validated against a headache neurologist. We used conditional logistic regression adjusting for age, education, hypertension, diabetes, waist‐to‐hip ratio, physical inactivity, current smoking, heavy drinking, and oral estrogen use to assess independent association between migraine and CIS. The effect of PFO on the association between migraine and CIS was analyzed with logistic regression in a subgroup investigated with transcranial Doppler bubble screen.ResultsThe screener performance was excellent (Cohen kappa > 0.75) in patients and controls. Compared with nonmigraineurs, any migraine (odds ratio [OR] = 2.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63–3.76) and MA (OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 2.19–5.61) were associated with CIS, whereas MO was not. The association emerged in both women (OR = 2.97 for any migraine, 95% CI = 1.61–5.47; OR = 4.32 for MA, 95% CI = 2.16–8.65) and men (OR = 2.47 for any migraine, 95% CI = 1.32–4.61; OR = 3.61 for MA, 95% CI = 1.75–7.45). Specifically for MA, the association with CIS remained significant irrespective of PFO. MA prevalence increased with increasing magnitude of the right‐to‐left shunt in patients with PFO.InterpretationMA has a strong association with CIS in young patients, independent of vascular risk factors and presence of PFO. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:242–253
A General Strategy to Design Highly Fluorogenic Far‐Red and Near‐Infrared Tetrazine Bioorthogonal Probes
Authors: Mao Wuyu , Tang Jie , Dai Liqun , He Xinyu , Li Jie , Cai Larry , Liao Ping , Jiang Ruotian , Zhou Jingwei , Wu Haoxing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHighly fluorogenic tetrazine bioorthogonal probes emitting at near‐infrared wavelengths are in strong demand for biomedical imaging applications. Herein, we have developed a strategy for forming a palette of novel Huaxi‐Fluor probes in situ, whose fluorescence increases hundreds of times upon forming the bioorthogonal reaction product, pyridazine. The resulting probes show large Stokes shifts and high quantum yields. Manipulating the conjugate length and pull–push strength in the fluorophore skeleton allows the emission wavelength to be fine‐tuned from 556 to 728 nm. The highly photo‐stable and biocompatible probes are suitable for visualizing organelles in live cells without a washing step and for imaging of tumors in live small animals to depths of 500 μm by two‐photon excitation.
Assembly of Complex 1,4‐Cycloheptadienes by (4+3) Cycloaddition of Rhodium(II) and Gold(I) Non‐Acceptor Carbenes
Authors: Armengol‐Relats Helena , Mato Mauro , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe formal (4+3) cycloaddition of 1,3‐dienes with Rh(II) and Au(I) non‐acceptor vinyl carbenes, generated from vinylcycloheptatrienes or alkoxyenynes, respectively, leads to 1,4‐cycloheptadienes featuring complex and diverse substitution patterns, including natural dyctiopterene C′ and a hydroxylated derivative of carota‐1,4‐diene. A complete mechanistic picture is presented, in which Au(I) and Rh(II) non‐acceptor vinyl carbenes were shown to undergo a vinylcyclopropanation/Cope rearrangement or a direct (4+3) cycloaddition that takes place in a non‐concerted manner.
Isomerisierungsreaktionen in anionischen mesoionischen Carbenboraten und Kontrolle der Eigenschaften und Reaktivität in den entstehenden CoII‐Komplexen durch agostische Wechselwirkungen
Authors: Stubbe Jessica , Neuman Nicolás I. , McLellan Ross , Sommer Michael G. , Nößler Maite , Beerhues Julia , Mulvey Robert E. , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWir präsentieren anionische Borat‐basierte bi‐mesoionische Carbenverbindungen vom Typ 1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yliden, die C‐N‐Isomerisierungen eingehen können. Die isomerisierten Verbindungen sind ausgezeichnete Liganden für CoII‐Zentren. Starke agostische Wechselwirkungen, ausgehend von den “C‐H”‐Gruppen der Cyclohexylsubstituenten, führen zu einem unüblichen quadratisch‐planaren CoII‐Komplex im Low‐Spin‐Zustand, der gegenüber externen Substraten keine Reaktivität zeigt. Solche agostischen Wechselwirkungen sind nicht im Komplex mit Phenylsubstituenten am Boratrückgrat zu finden. Dieser Komplex zeigt ein tetraedrisches High‐Spin‐CoII‐Zentrum, das gegenüber externen Substraten, einschließlich Disauerstoff, reaktiv ist. Unseres Wissens ist dies die erste Untersuchung agostischer Wechselwirkungen durch Einkristall‐EPR‐Spektroskopie. Wir können zeigen, dass die Struktur und Eigenschaften dieser CoII‐Komplexe durch Wechselwirkungen innerhalb der sekundären Koordinationssphäre stark beeinflusst werden. Zusätzlich konnten wir eine spezifische Ligandenumlagerung für die Klasse der mesoionischen Carbene aufdecken.
Carbenaporphyrine: eine Lücke in der Chemie N‐heterocyclischer Carbene schließt sich
Authors: Maulbetsch Theo , Kunz Doris 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDie Synthese eines NHC‐haltigen porphyrinoiden Liganden wird vorgestellt. Das formal antiaromatische makrocyclische 20‐πe−‐Ligandgerüst kann über eine 1,3‐dipolare Cycloaddition (“Klick”‐Reaktion) aufgebaut werden, in der zwei Triazoleinheiten gebildet und nachfolgend zum entsprechenden Triazoliummakrocyclus alkyliert werden. Die Deprotonierung der Ligandvorstufe mit Lithiumbasen zum entsprechenden Dilithiumcarbenaporphyrin‐Komplex und dessen Transmetallierung auf Scandium führen zu Komplexen, die orange Fluoreszenz zeigen. Optische Untersuchungen in Kombination mit TD‐DFT‐Studien bestätigen einen eigenen aromatischen Charakter für jede heterocyclische Einheit anstelle eines konjugierten antiaromatischen Makrocyclus sowohl im Ligandvorläufer als auch in den Metallkomplexen. Während die geometrischen Merkmale des Carbenaporphyrin‐Liganden denen des Porphyrins stark ähneln, zeigen DFT‐Berechnungen eine stärkere Elektronendonorfähigkeit des neuen Liganden.
Site‐Selective Electrochemical Benzylic C−H Amination
Authors: Hou Zhong‐Wei , Liu Ding‐Jin , Xiong Peng , Lai Xiao‐Li , Song Jinshuai , Xu Hai‐Chao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractC−H/N‐H cross‐coupling is an ideal strategy to synthesize various amines but remains challenging owing to the requirement for sacrificial chemical oxidants and the difficulty in controlling the regio‐ and chemo‐selectivity. Herein we report a site‐selective electrochemical amination reaction that can convert benzylic C−H bonds into C‐N linkages via H2 evolution without need for external oxidants or metal catalysts. The synthetic strategy involves anodic cleavage of benzylic C−H to form a carbocation intermediate, which is then trapped with an amine nucleophile leading to C−N bond formation. Key to the success is to include HFIP as a co‐solvent to modulate the oxidation potentials of the alkylbenzene substrate and the aminated product to avoid overoxidation of the latter.
New polyester biodegradable scaffolds for chondrocyte culturing: Preparation, properties, and biological activity
Authors: Gadomska‐Gajadhur Agnieszka , Kruk Aleksandra , Dulnik Judyta , Chwojnowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn innovative modification of the wet inversion phase method, consisting in the use of a polymer nano‐nonwoven as a nonclassic pore precursor. Mechanical properties of the obtained scaffolds were determined, their hydrophilic properties (serum absorbability) were tested, and the content of residues of materials used in the scaffold preparation was determined. Nontoxicity of the developed scaffolds toward T lymphocyte cells was proved. Cultures of primary chondrocytes were obtained successfully. It was proved that an addition of a polymer nano‐nonwoven changes the properties of the scaffolds favorably in respect of their subsequent application in tissue engineering.
Molecular dynamics simulation on the adhesion mechanism at polymer‐mold interface of microinjection molding
Authors: Yang Jin , Zhai Zhanyu , Liu Jiezhen , Weng Can 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the demolding process of microinjection molding, the defects of microstructures are often caused by the strong adhesion between polymer and mold. In order to study the adhesion mechanism, the molecular dynamics (MD) method was proposed to simulate the adsorption of cycloolefin copolymer (COC) molecules on mold surfaces. The evolution snapshots of COC molecular chains of three interfacial models were obtained to directly demonstrate the adhesive strength of interfaces. Meanwhile, the work of adhesion, the relative concentration, the potential energy, and the radial distribution function (RDF) were calculated to explain the interaction mechanism of polymer‐mold interfaces. The simulation results showed that the COC‐Ni interface had the largest work of adhesion and the lowest potential energy, compared with other two interfaces. The van der Waals (VDW) energy, which mainly derived from the interaction between H atoms in COC and the mold material was the only nonbond interaction energy at the COC‐Ni and COC‐Si interfaces, while the electrostatic energy existed in COC‐Al2O3 interface. In order to reduce the adhesion between polymer and mold, fluorine (F) element could be doped into the Ni mold.
Spawning habitat suitability for coastal cutthroat trout: Microhabitat and mesohabitat
Authors: Boessow Steven N. , Beecher Hal A. , Gates Kiza K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

The conservation of aquatic species with complex life histories requires the protection of habitat for each life stage. Coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii) exhibit both mobile and sessile stages and are of conservation concern in north‐western North America. Models that predict how habitat changes with flow can inform water management for the species but rely on habitat descriptors that change with flow and are not suited to sessile life stages.
Spawning and incubation habitat availability and use for coastal cutthroat trout were assessed in mesohabitats and microhabitats. Primary channel units were tallied, dimensions were measured, redds were counted, and redd locations within channel units were measured.
Primary channel units were subdivided based on relative residual depth (RRD, bed elevation in relation to maximum pool depth) and hydraulic control (HC, the lowest point on the highest ridge across the riffle that controls the water surface elevation in the upstream pool). Habitat suitability was calculated for depth (D), velocity (V), Froude number (Fr), substrate (S), RRD, and channel units.
Redds in riffles and pools were close to hydraulic controls; suitability decreased upstream in pools and downstream in riffles. Maximum suitability values were: 21–24 cm for D, 0.05–0.10 for RRD, 61–64 cm s−1 for V, >0.80 for Fr, and 1.3 to <3.8 cm for S. Channel units, RRDs, and microhabitat better identified spawning habitat than microhabitat alone.
The results suggest that RRD and stage of zero flow are good indicators of habitat suitability for spawning through fry emergence and could be adapted for use with other species. This work generates criteria for delineating flow‐independent channel units that can be used to set more protective instream flows, prioritize the acquisition of instream water or conservation easements to protect critical habitat, and inform restoration projects to optimize habitat availability.
Synthesis, antiproliferative activities, and DNA binding of coumarin‐3‐formamido derivatives
Authors: Shi Jiuzhou , Lu Wen , Chen Jichao , Sun Lu , Yang Shilong , Zhou Mengyi , Xu Li , Ma Ying , Yu Long 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTen coumarin‐3‐formamido derivatives,N‐benzyl‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (2),N‐fluorobenzyl‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (3–5),N‐methoxybenzyl‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (6–8),N‐((1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)methyl)‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (9),N‐(thiophen‐2‐ylmethyl)‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (10), andN‐(furan‐2‐ylmethyl)‐coumarin‐3‐carboxamide (11), were synthesized and characterized. Compound5crystallizes in a monoclinic system P21/c space group with four chemical formulas in a unit cell; molecules of compound5are self‐assembled into a two‐dimensional supramolecular structure by intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C⋯C π stacking. The potential anticancer effects of these compounds on HeLa (cervical carcinoma), MCF‐7 (breast), A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and human umbilical vein (HUVEC) cells were examined. Compared with compounds1–8and10–11, compound9exhibits potent in vitro cytotoxicity against HeLa cells and lower cytotoxicity against normal cells. Therefore, further in‐depth investigations of compound9were performed. Absorption titration experiments and fluorescence spectroscopy studies suggested that compound9binds to DNA through the intercalation mode.
Finite‐time stability analysis of a class of discrete‐time switched nonlinear systems with partial finite‐time unstable modes
Authors: Gao Zairui , Wang Ziyun , Wu Xiaojin , Wang Wencheng , Liu Yunlong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlenty of research achievements on finite‐time stability of discrete‐time switched systems have been reported; however, there are a few results referred to finite‐time unstable subsystems. The design of the average dwell time was not considered alone for finite‐time unstable subsystems in the existing literature. The problems of finite‐time stability and finite‐time boundedness are investigated respectively for a class of discrete‐time switched nonlinear systems with partial finite‐time unstable modes. By using multiple Lyapunov‐like functions, sufficient conditions are derived respectively to ensure that such systems are finite‐time stable and finite‐time bounded based on an improved mode‐dependent average dwell time and iteration technique. Depending on the above results, sufficient conditions, which can guarantee discrete‐time switched linear systems finite‐time stable and finite‐time bounded, are obtained respectively by using matrix inequalities. Finally, numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Investigation of lanthanum‐sensitized CaZrO3 blue nanophosphors for white light‐emitting diode applications
Authors: Azeem P. Abdul , Evangeline B. , Haranath D. , Rao R. Prasada 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the present study, CaZrO3 nanophosphors were sensitized with lanthanum (La) at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) prepared using polyvinyl alcohol as the chelating agent through the sol–gel method. To study their structural and optical properties, samples were characterized by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL). The XRD results revealed that samples were well crystallized and average crystallite sizes were calculated. The average crystallite size value was in good agreement with the value obtained from TEM analysis. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and FE‐SEM confirmed the existence of La in the prepared samples. In the PL spectra, La‐sensitized samples exhibited three bands at 402 nm, 438 nm, and 463 nm in the visible range when excited at the 260 nm wavelength. As the proportion of La increased, the intensity of bands at 438 nm and 463 nm decreased, whereas the band at 402 nm remained stable. Time‐resolved PL spectra illustrated the lifetime of the samples. Corresponding CIE co‐ordinates for La‐sensitized CaZrO3 were calculated.
Improving Antibody Production in Stably Transfected CHO Cells by CRISPR‐Cas9‐Mediated Inactivation of Genes Identified in a Large‐Scale Screen with Chinese Hamster‐Specific siRNAs
Authors: Lin Pao‐Chun , Liu Ren , Alvin Krista , Wahyu Shahreel , Murgolo Nicholas , Ye Jianxin , Du Zhimei , Song Zhiwei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is commonly used for the production of biotherapeutics. As cell productivity directly affects the cost of production, methods are developed to manipulate the expression of specific genes that are known to be involved in protein synthesis, folding, and secretion to increase productivity. However, there are no large‐scale CHO‐specific functional screens to identify novel gene targets that impact the production of secreted recombinant proteins. Here, a large‐scale, CHO cell‐specific small interfering RNA screen is performed to identify genes that consistently enhance antibody production when silenced in a panel of seven CHO cell lines. Four genes, namely, Cyp1a2, Atp5s, Dgki, and P3h2, are identified, and then selected for CRISPR‐Cas9 knockout validation in recombinant CHO cell lines. Single knockout of Cyp1a2, Atp5s, or Dgki, but not P3h2, results in a more than 90% increase in specific antibody productivity. Overall, the knockout of Cyp1a2 demonstrates the most significant improvement of antibody production, with a minimal impact on cell growth.
Students engage in primary literature in molecular biology techniques using an online journal club format
Authors: Oxford Julia Thom , Jorcyk Cheryl L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCampus closures in Spring 2020 required rapid transition to online course delivery. Fall 2020 has similar needs and expectations. The Advanced Topics in Molecular Biology Techniques course, designed for upper division undergraduate and graduate students, uses a “journal club” format. The journal club format includes practice‐based learning and provides student choice. Examples from graduate students effectively model the expectations using near‐peer instruction. Teaching in the time of COVID‐19 requires openness to new ideas and modifications to previous approaches. We were able to move the course online with little interruption.
The impact of heuristic availability bias on investmentdecision‐making: Moderated mediation model
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Khan Bakhtiar , Khan Sher Zaman , Khan Rafi Ullah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study tends to examine the moderated mediation role of external locus of control (ELC) and risk tolerance (RT) in the relationship between heuristic availability bias (HAB) and investment decision‐making (IDM). We used SPSS PROCESS Model 7 (moderated mediation) on a data set gleaned from 385 practicing stock investors at Pakistan Stock Exchange. The results of the study revealed that the relationship between HAB and IDM is partially mediated by RT, whereas, the ELC significantly moderates the relationship between HAB and RT. Moreover, in the case of moderated mediation, the ELC showed a significant moderating role in the relationship of HAB with IDM through RT. Since the findings of the study argue that ELC intensifies the influence of HAB on investors' risk‐taking propensity that inculcate them toward making investment decisions. The practical and theoretical implications of the study are discussed in detail.
Cognitive‐affective drivers of fixation in threat assessment
Authors: Meloy J. Reid , Rahman Tahir 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPathological fixation – preoccupation with a person or a cause that is accompanied by deterioration in social and occupational functioning – has been found to precede most cases of targeted violence. It is clinically observed and theorized to have three different cognitive‐affective drivers: delusion, obsession, or extreme overvalued belief. Each driver is explained, and case examples are provided in the context of threat assessment. Extreme overvalued belief as a new concept is discussed in detail, both its historical provenance and its demarcation from delusions and obsessions. Threat management for each separate cognitive‐affective driver is briefly summarized, based upon current clinical findings and research. Emphasis is placed upon understanding both the categorical and dimensional nature (intensity) of these cognitive‐affective drivers, and suggested guidelines are offered for the assessment of such in a clinical examination by a forensic psychiatrist or psychologist.
Hydrogen Sulfide Oxidation by Sulfide Quinone Oxidoreductase
Authors: Landry Aaron P. , Ballou David P. , Banerjee Ruma 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an environmental toxin and a heritage of ancient microbial metabolism that has stimulated new interest following its discovery as a neuromodulator. While many physiological responses have been attributed to low H2S levels, higher levels inhibit complex IV in the electron transport chain. To prevent respiratory poisoning, a dedicated set of enzymes that make up the mitochondrial sulfide oxidation pathway exists to clear H2S. The committed step in this pathway is catalyzed by sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR), which couples sulfide oxidation to coenzyme Q10reduction in the electron transport chain. The SQOR reaction prevents H2S accumulation and generates highly reactive persulfide species as products; these can be further oxidized or can modify cysteine residues in proteins by persulfidation. Here, we review the kinetic and structural characteristics of human SQOR, and how its unconventional redox cofactor configuration and substrate promiscuity lead to sulfide clearance and potentially expand the signaling potential of H2S. This dual role of SQOR makes it a promising target for H2S‐based therapeutics.
PSPH induces cell autophagy and promotes cell proliferation and invasion in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh7 via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Jianli , Wang Erhao , Zhang Lei , Zhou Bo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), a key enzyme of the l‐serine synthesis pathway, has been involved in cancer progression and survival. However, limited evidence revealed the PSPH influence on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we observed that PSPH expression was upregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines, which was determined by western blotting. TCGA database showed that the PSPH protein levels were significantly upregulated and affected patient survival rates in HCC. Then gain‐ and loss‐of‐function manipulations were performed by transfection with a pcDNA‐PSPH expression vector or a specific short interfering RNA against PSPH in Huh7 cells. Huh7 cell proliferation, stemness, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed by using CCK‐8 test, colony formation assay, Transwell assay, and Flow cytometry analysis, respectively, and levels of autophagy‐related proteins were detected by using western blotting. The results showed that PSPH could induce Huh7 cell autophagy, promote cell proliferation and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis. The knockdown of PSPH could inhibit Huh7 cell proliferation, invasion, and autophagy. Furthermore, PSPH activated Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and TGF beta‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1), affected the adenosine 5′‐monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway, but could not activate calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) in Huh7 cells. Inhibition of either LKB1, TAK1, or AMPK could eliminate the effect of PSPH overexpression on Huh7 cell behaviors. However, inhibition of CaMKK could not influence the effect of PSPH overexpression on Huh7 cell behaviors. In conclusion, PSPH could induce autophagy, promote proliferation and invasion, and inhibit apoptosis in HCC cells via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway.