bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Myeloid Cell EP2 Activation Contributes to the Deleterious Consequences of Status Epilepticus
Authors: Varvel Nicholas H. , Espinosa-Garcia Claudia , Hunter-Chang Sarah , Chen Di , Biegel Ariel , Hsieh Allison , Blackmer-Raynolds Lisa , Ganesh Thota , Dingledine Raymond 
Published: December 2020

A multidimensional inflammatory response ensues after status epilepticus (SE), driven partly by cyclooxygenase-2-mediated activation of prostaglandin EP2 receptors. The inflammatory response is typified by astrocytosis, microgliosis, erosion of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), formation of inflammatory cytokines, and brain infiltration of blood-borne monocytes. Our previous studies have shown that inhibition of monocyte brain invasion or systemic administration of an EP2 receptor antagonist relieves multiple deleterious consequences of SE. Here we identify those effects of EP2 antagonism that are reproduced by conditional ablation of EP2 receptors in immune myeloid cells and show that systemic EP2 antagonism blocks monocyte brain entry in male mice. The induction of hippocampal IL-6 after pilocarpine SE was nearly abolished in EP2 conditional KO mice. Serum albumin levels in the cortex, a measure of BBB breakdown, were significantly higher after SE in EP2-sufficient mice but not in EP2 conditional KOs. EP2 deficiency in innate immune cells accelerated the recovery from sickness behaviors following SE. Surprisingly, neurodegeneration was not alleviated in myeloid conditional KOs. Systemic EP2 antagonism prevented monocyte brain infiltration and provided broader rescue of SE-induced effects than myeloid EP2 ablation, including neuroprotection and broader suppression of inflammatory mediators. Reporter expression indicated that the cellular target of CD11b-driven Cre was circulating myeloid cells but, unexpectedly, not microglia. These findings indicate that activation of EP2 receptors on immune myeloid cells drives substantial deficits in behavior and disrupts the BBB after SE. The benefits of systemic EP2 antagonism can be attributed, in part, to blocking brain recruitment of blood-borne monocytes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnabated seizures reduce quality of life, promote the development of epilepsy, and can be fatal. We previously identified activation of prostaglandin EP2 receptors as a driver of undesirable consequences of seizures. However, the relevant EP2-expressing cell types remain unclear. Here we identify peripheral innate immune cells as a driver of the EP2-related negative consequences of seizures. Removal of EP2 from peripheral immune cells was beneficial, abolishing production of a key inflammatory cytokine, accelerating weight regain, and limiting behavioral deficits. These findings provide evidence that EP2 engagement on peripheral immune and brain endothelia contributes to the deleterious effects of SE, and will assist in the development of beneficial therapies to enhance quality of life in individuals who suffer prolonged seizures.
Presurgical somatostatin receptor ligand treatment does not affect tumor consistency in GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas
Authors: Araujo-Castro Marta , Pian Héctor , Ruz-Caracuel Ignacio , Acitores Cancela Alberto , Pascual-Corrales Eider , Rodríguez Berrocal Víctor 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
To evaluate whether presurgical treatment using long-acting somatostatin receptor ligands (SRL) may change pituitary tumor consistency and improve surgical outcome in GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas.

Methods
Retrospective study of 40 patients with GH-secreting pituitary macroadenomas operated for the first time by endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Tumor consistency was evaluated intraoperatively and then correlated with histopathological fibrosis parameters and surgical outcomes. Surgical remission was reported based on the 2010 criteria.

Results
The mean tumor size of GH-secreting macroadenomas was of 16.9 ± 8.2 mm and 25 were invasive pituitary adenomas (PAs). Presurgical treatment with long-acting SRL was performed in 17 patients (11 lanreotide, 6 octreotide). The cure rate was higher in those patients pre-treated with monthly doses ≥30 mg of octreotide or ≥90 mg of lanreotide than in those treated with lower doses or untreated (8/11 (72.7%) vs 11/29 (37.9%), P = 0.049). However, although the proportion of soft tumors increased as higher doses of SRL were considered in the pre-treated group, no statistical significance was reached, even when the highest approved monthly doses were used (6/6 (100%) vs 23/34 (67.7%), P = 0.102). Moreover, we found that the remission rate was similar between fibrous and soft tumors (P = 0.873) and also of surgical complications (P = 0.859), despite of the higher prevalence of Knosp >2 (P = 0.035) and very large PA (P = 0.025) in fibrous tumors than in soft tumors.

Conclusions
Although presurgical treatment with high doses of SRL was associated with a 2.2-fold greater chance of surgical remission, this benefit was not related with changes in tumor consistency induced by the presurgical treatment.
Association of metabolic syndrome components with circulating levels of cytokine clusters in young women
Authors: Tan Xingrong , Hu Wenjing , Yang Shan , Dai Han , Xu Shangcheng , Yang Gangyi , Li Ling , Tang Shiguo , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2020

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between circulating zinc α 2-glycoprotein (ZAG), irisin, betatrophin and adiponectin concentrations and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and to analyze the effects of blood glucose and insulin on these cytokine concentrations in vivo.

Methods
A total of 196 young women, including 78 healthy women and 118 women with MetS components, were recruited for this cross-sectional study. An oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) were performed in healthy subjects and women with MetS components. An ELISA kit was used to measure serum ZAG, irisin, betatrophin, and adiponectin levels, and their relationship with the MetS components was analyzed.

Results
In women with MetS components, circulating irisin and betatrophin levels were significantly higher than those in the healthy women ((207 (150–248) vs 178 (147–228); P < 0.05) for irisin; (0.51 (0.38–0.63) vs 0.38 (0.23–0.52); P < 0.001) for betatrophin), but circulating ZAG and adiponectin levels were significantly lower (39.8 (26.4–50.4) vs (46.7 (40.6–63.0); P < 0.001) for ZAG; (36.5 (22.0–47.6) vs 41.2 (35.7–54.7); P < 0.01) for adiponectin). FBG, WC, and triglyceride were significantly correlated with the circulating levels of these four cytokines (P < 0.001 or <0.05). All four cytokines were associated with MetS and its components. In response to increasing insulin levels, circulating ZAG concentrations were markedly increased in both healthy subjects and women with MetS components during the EHC. However, serum irisin, betatrophin, and adiponectin levels in both healthy subjects and women with MetS components were significantly reduced compared with baseline.

Conclusion
Serum ZAG, irisin, betatrophin and adiponectin were associated with MetS and might be biomarkers for screening MetS components.
Abordajes de la violencia patriarcal en instituciones sociosanitarias en Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Linardelli Maria Florencia , Da Costa Marques Sofia Beatriz 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La irrupción de las violencias patriarcales en la escena pública, redunda en una mayor demanda a las distintas instituciones del Estado, las cuales reciben reclamos, consultas y denuncias. En este escenario, las instituciones sociosanitarias son interpeladas y se exige su intervención en esta problemática.
Objetivos: En este artículo nos proponemos reflexionar sobre las tensiones existentes en el abordaje de situaciones de violencia patriarcal desde instituciones sociosanitarias. A partir de nuestras experiencias profesionales en hospitales y espacios de formación médican la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina, buscamos identificar nudos críticos que se producen en los abordajes sociosanitarios de la violencia contra las mujeres.
Metodología: El trabajo constituye un artículo de reflexión no derivado de investigación, que presenta un análisis crítico y teórica de un campo de intervención. Teniendo como punto de partida nuestras experiencias profesionales, acudimos a los aportes conceptuales provenientes de los feminismos y de la sociología de la salud, dando particular relevancia a los producidos en contexto latinoamericano.
Conclusión: Para que los agentes de las instituciones socio sanitarias puedan abordar las situaciones de violencia patriarcal de forma eficaz y respetuosa de los derechos humanos, es preciso reconocer su propia implicación en relación con el problema. Esto supone identificar que los códigos de violencia son parte de las instituciones sociosanitarias y que las políticas estatales tienden a reproducir las estructuras jerárquicas de género. En la interdisciplina e intersectorialidad, identificamos la posibilidad de construir respuestas más certeras y eficaces frente al sufrimiento de mujeres en situaciones de violencia.
Sobre espacios y tiempos en época de pandemia
Authors: Brenes Chaves Lucía 
Published: December 2020

Como trabajadores y trabajadoras, hemos organizado nuestra cotidianidad en función del tiempo destinado al trabajo remunerado y a las otras actividades que solemos realizar en otros espacios lejos del laboral. Sin embargo, la coyuntura actual nos ha obligado a transformar de manera radical esa cotidianidad a la que estábamos acostumbrados y acostumbradas, y hemos tenido que reorganizar nuestra vida entera sin mayor claridad y sin mayor certeza de cómo existir en esta nueva dinámica que se nos ha impuesto a partir de la expansión acelerada del Covid-19 a nivel mundial. Esta situación tiene implicaciones diferentes para hombres y mujeres, pues ha hecho evidente la dificultad de separar, en muchos casos, la carga doméstica de la laboral.
ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS DE UMA EMPRESA DE DOCES ARTESANAIS DE MARECHAL CÂNDIDO RONDON, PARANÁ
Authors: Bergmann Vanessa Aline , Gresele Wanderson Dutra , Walter Silvana Anita 
Published: December 2020

Este estudo objetiva analisar qual a relação do custo, volume e lucro (CVL) na produção de doces em uma empresa de doces artesanais de Marechal Cândido Rondon. Inicialmente foi realizada a revisão de literatura sobre os conceitos de contabilidade de custos, métodos de custeio e análise CVL. A metodologia utilizada é classificada como quantitativa, do tipo descritiva, os dados para análise foram obtidos através de pesquisa documental nos controles internos mantidos pela empresa e como complemento uma entrevista com a administradora, sendo utilizadas planilhas eletrônicas para a realização da análise custo, volume e lucro e percepção do desempenho econômico da empresa. Esta teve os seus produtos divididos em quatro categorias para as análises, destes, os doces tradicionais apresentaram maior quantidade vendida, porém, os bombons foram os destaques por possuir a maior média de preços e a maior margem de contribuição. A média do desempenho da empresa nos meses analisados foi superior ao seu ponto de equilíbrio, quando associada ao seu Grau de Alavancagem, mostrando que a empresa tem possibilidades de crescimento se incentivar a comercialização dos produtos de melhor desempenho. Assim, este estudo apresenta informações que podem auxiliar no processo de controle gerencial e tomada de decisões nas empresas do segmento de doces artesanais.
Effectiveness of tolterodine in relief of postoperative symptoms related to urethral catheter in transurethral prostate resection patients: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Afandiyev Faraj , Gökçe Mehmet Ilker , Özcan Cihat , İbrahimov Anar , Gülpinar Ömer 
Published: December 2020

Background: Urethral catheterisation following surgery causes significant discomfort postoperatively. Use of muscarinic receptor antagonists for relief of these symptoms in transurethral prostate resection (TURP) patients has been studied previously. In this study it is aimed to identify efficacy of toltoredine for relief of bladder overactivity symptoms in the post-operative period following TURP.Methods: In this randomized, prospective, controlled study, results of 95 patients evaluated. Group 1(n=49) received tolterodine 4 mg/day and group 2 (n=45) received no medication. Presence and severity of symptoms together with visual pain scale (VPS) scores were recorded and compared in very early and late postoperative period (0, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours and every 24 hours thereafter). Additional analgesic requirement was also compared and adverse events were recorded.Results: Tolerodine treatment was shown to be associated with low incidence and less severity of symptoms. Symptoms were shown to be present especially in the early postoperative period. VPS scores were also shown to be less in group 1. Treatment was not cessated in any of the patients due to adverse events. Conclusions: Tolterodine 4 mg/day was shown to be effective in relief of symptoms related to urethral catheterisation in the postoperative period following TURP. Treatment was not cessated in any of the patients due to adverse events. Further prospective placebo-controlled studies are needed with tolterodine and other muscarinic receptor antagonists.
Carbon isotope natural abundance (δ13C) in grapevine organs is modulated by both water and nitrogen supply
Authors: Taskos Demetris , Zioziou Eleftheria , Nikolaou Nikolaos , Doupis Georgios , Koundouras Stefanos 
Published: December 2020

Our objective was to investigate the effect of water and nitrogen (N) availability on the carbon isotope composition of leaf blades, canes and ripe berry must (juice) in field grown grapevines.In two consecutive years, the combination of two irrigation treatments [Irrigation (I): 70 % of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and no irrigation (NI)] and three rates of ammonium nitrate [0 (N0), 60 (N60) and 120 (N120) kg/ha N] were applied to two separate vineyards planted with cv. Xinomavro and cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon respectively in a randomised complete block design. Carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of leaf blades, stem water potential (Ψs), and leaf gas exchange were measured at berry set, bunch closure, veraison and maturity during each growing season. δ13C of bulk berry must at maturity and of dormant canes was also measured.Leaf δ13C and cane δ13C decreased with water supply, but increased with N fertilisation. Must δ13C was lower in the irrigated N0 and N60 vines, whereas irrigation treatments did not differ under the N120 rate. The relative weight of irrigation and fertilisation effect on leaf δ13C varied across samplings: N application accounted for a higher proportion of leaf δ13C variance during the early stages of berry growth, whereas irrigation induced higher variance of leaf δ13C after veraison. The weight of the irrigation effect on cane δ13C was higher from that of fertilisation.Discrimination mechanisms against 13C in grapevine could be mediated by both N fertilisation and irrigation. The well-documented explanation of δ13C variation based on isotopic effects during CO2 diffusion through leaf stomata and carboxylation driven by water conditions may not apply to all cases, since additional discriminating processes against 13C associated with CO2 transfer from the intercellular spaces to the carboxylation sites may be affected by nitrogen supply.The study provides evidence for the first time that carbon isotope composition of leaf blades, canes and berry must is modulated by nitrogen supply. Interpretations of carbon isotope natural abundance in field grown grapevine tissues should therefore consider both water and nitrogen availability.
Antiterapias, de Jacques Fux: a leitura posta em metaficção
Authors: Silva Vera Lopes da 
Published: December 2020

Este estudo se dedica a refletir sobre a categoria narrador em Antiterapias, de Jacques Fux, de forma a elucidar o modo metanarrativo de operar a obra, sua ação construtora de um leitor-escritor-narrador, projeção motivada na e pela contemporaneidade. A obra ilustra a relação entre leitura e criação, faces que se entrançam e desenham um mapa de leituras. Trata-se de uma composição concebida como um testemunho manifesto na encenação de um leitor que se projeta como escritor que narra a si nas suas dispersões numa biblioteca labiríntica.
Antioxidant and Anti-Elastase Activity of Ethanol Extract of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Henderson Alhoi Hendry , Lister I Nyoman Ehrich , Fachrial Edy , Girsang Ermi 
Published: December 2020

Skin aging due to the damage caused by ultraviolet radiation and toxic ingredients in cosmetics is still a problem. Tomato has antioxidant and skin protection activities. The study aimed to investigate the potential of tomato as an antioxidant and elastase inhibitor. A 170 g of tomato simplicial powder was extracted using ethanol 70% by the maceration method. Antioxidant activity was measured through 2,2’-Azino-bis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS)-reducing activity. The antiaging activity was measured through anti-elastase activity. Tomato extract (SLE) showed strong ABTS-reducing activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 86.66 ± 10.58) and very strong anti-elastase activity (IC<sub>50 </sub>= 19.73 ± 0.44). In conclusion, there was a linear correlation between antioxidant activity and anti-elastase activity. However, the antioxidant activity and anti-elastase activity of tomatoes were still below lycopene (IC<sub>50</sub> antioxidant = 49.23 ± 2.06 µg.ml<sup>-1</sup> and IC<sub>50</sub> anti-elastase = 10.39 ± 0.43 49.23 ± 2.06 µg.ml<sup>-1</sup>). However, it was worth to be developed as a natural product as an antioxidant and anti-elastase. Further study is required to do fractionation to get the purer lycopene compound from tomato.
Photosynthesis, biomass and fine root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean agroforestry system
Authors: Liu Bin , Gao Pengxiang , Zhang Shuoxin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background:Agroforestry system is regarded as a promising practice in sustainable agricultural management. However, the effects of long-term tree-based intercropping on crop remain poorly understood, especially in the Loess Plateau (China). In this study, the impacts of photosynthetic and respiration rate were determined by the portable photosynthesis system (Li-6400), and the effects of the root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean intercropping system were measured by soil auger and WinRHIZO root analysis system, in the Loess Plateau. Results:The results showed that soybean reached the highest net photosynthetic rate during flowering period, with the net photosynthetic rate of intercropped soybean, which was 20.40µmol·m-2·s-1, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. Soybean biomass reached the maximum during the pod-bearing period, with intercropped soybean biomass being 25.49g, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. The mean diameter and increased density of soybean fine roots reduced along with increased soil depth. Both the diameter (0.43mm) and increased density (930cm/dm3) of intercropped soybean fine roots were evidently higher than those of monocropped soybean(0.35mm, 780cm/dm3). With increasing cropping years, fine roots of intercropped soybean tended to be mainly distributed in soil at a depth between 0 and 20cm from the fifth year. Conclusion:Collectively, compared with soybean monoculture, walnut soybean agroforestry system is more conducive to soybean growth in the Loess Plateau.
Just Beautiful Green Herbs: Use of Plants in Cultural Practices in Bukovina and Roztochya, Western Ukraine
Authors: Stryamets Nataliya , Fontefrancesco Michele F. , Mattalia Giulia , Prakofjewa Julia , Pieroni Andrea , Kalle Raivo , Stryamets Galina , Sõukand Renata 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of plants in rituals is a little explored corner of biocultural diversity which has developed through time within a complex socio-ecological system. Indeed, rituals are complex interactions between humans and biodiversity shaped by history, culture and ethnic belonging. Yet, in Western Ukraine, such rituals were forbidden for over 50 years (1939-1991). The current revival of rituals by rural inhabitants is an untapped reservoir of local ecological knowledge. The aim of the present study was to identify the ritual use of wild and cultivated plants in two regions of Western Ukraine, Bukovina and Roztochya, and to compare the findings with historical data. Moreover, we analyzed attitudes toward the ritual use of plants and interactions with the local environment. MethodsWe conducted 31 in-depth semi-structured interviews among Orthodox Hutsuls of Bukovina and 16 interviews among Greek Catholic rural inhabitants of Roztochya during summer 2018 focusing on the ritual uses of plants. ResultsWe documented 26 plant taxa among Bukovinian Hutsuls and 58 plant taxa among inhabitants in Roztockya that were used in 7 religious festivals (of which two were celebrated differently in the two communities). Plants were mainly used in bouquets, but also for decorating churches and houses or in fruit baskets. In both communities, almost 25% of the interviewees could not name the plants they collected for bouquets, but rather referred to “just beautiful green herbs” one can get in meadows, forests and gardens. Comparison with historical data shows a smaller number of taxa currently used (wild taxa have been lost), yet the persistence of 18 taxa used both now and a century ago. ConclusionsContemporary practices concerning the use of plants in Christian rituals in Bukovina and Roztochya can be contextualized in the broader phenomenon of the revitalization of traditional environmental knowledge and practices that have characterized Europe over the past thirty years and in particular Eastern Europe after socialism. The current religious use of plants is to a certain extent the revitalization of historical rituals supported by various internal (knowledge from older generations) and external (church authorities and fashion in the region) drivers. Further research should address changes in regions with longer and more severe prohibition of religious practices and their revival.