bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate social responsibility, family ownership and earnings management: the case of Indonesia
Authors: Kumala Rini , Siregar Sylvia Veronica 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the association of corporate social responsibility (CSR), family ownership and earnings management.Design/methodology/approachThe authors specifically examine mining companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012-2014. Total observations are 105 firm-years. Research data are collected from sustainability reports, annual reports and annual financial statements. Data are analysed using panel data regression.FindingsThe evidence suggests a negative association between corporate social responsibility disclosures (CSRDs) and earnings management. The authors also examine the direct and moderating role of family ownership. The authors find a positive association between family ownership and earnings management. In addition, family ownership strengthens the negative association between CSR and earnings management.Research limitations/implicationsThis research only examines mining companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, which limit the generalisation of the results.Practical implicationsThe results should useful for: investors wishing to use the level of CSRD as an indicator of firm ethics, especially in relation to family-owned firms; capital-market regulators wishing to improve market transparency by introducing requirements to encourage more CSRD; and other users of financial statements, especially financial analysts to consider ownership structure, specifically family ownership.Originality/valuePrevious studies have mainly focussed on companies in the USA. This paper adds to the body of knowledge regarding whether the positive relationship between family ownership and CSR is also present outside the USA, especially in emerging countries. Further, this study examines the effect of family ownership on the association of CSR and earnings management, which rarely examined in previous studies.
Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: issues for policy, practice, and education
Authors: Maine Andrew , Brown Michael , Truesdale Maria 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the extant literature on diabetes in people with learning disabilities (LD) and discuss implications for policy, practice and research.Design/methodology/approachThe key findings are extracted from qualitative and quantitative studies and recent systematic literature reviews. These findings are discussed in the areas of prevalence, treatments and implications.FindingsThe complex health needs of people with LDs who are diagnosed or at risk of developing diabetes are gaining wider recognition, and recent studies have begun to implement and evaluate potential solutions. Further analysis and alignment between services is required.Originality/valueFollowing a dearth of studies on diabetes in people with LD, the past decade has seen a sudden upsurge in large and diverse set of studies. This paper provides an overview on the extent of this study.
The role of supervisor knowledge sharing behavior in stimulating subordinate creativity
Authors: Thuan Le Cong 
Published: January 2020

PurposeKnowledge sharing is critical for employee creative performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of supervisor knowledge sharing behavior on subordinate creativity.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected data by paper-based surveys at information technology organizations in southern Vietnam (N= 339). The hypotheses were tested by conducting a hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsThe results showed that supervisor knowledge sharing behavior positively affected subordinates’ creative performance. Further, the positive association between supervisor knowledge sharing behavior and subordinate creativity was reinforced by subordinate absorptive capacity and partially mediated by subordinate task-efficacy and subordinate domain knowledge.Practical implicationsCompanies should choose individuals who frequently share their knowledge with others when staffing supervisory positions. Moreover, companies should encourage supervisors as well as give supervisors a substantial amount of time and opportunities to share their knowledge with their subordinates. Further, companies should encourage employees to proactively gain valuable knowledge shared by their supervisors. Finally, companies should provide employees with job training programs as well as encourage them to join these programs to improve their absorptive capacity.Originality/valueThis is one of the first papers to investigate whether supervisors can stimulate their subordinate creativity by sharing explicit and tacit knowledge. This study also contributes to the creativity literature by examining the mediating role of subordinate task-efficacy and subordinate domain knowledge and the moderating effect of subordinate absorptive capacity.
The impact of cytomegalovirus infection on clinical severity and outcomes in kidney transplant recipients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Authors: Lee Sua , Park Yohan , Kim Seong Gyu , Ko Eun Jeong , Chung Byung Ha , Yang Chul Woo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but its impact on clinical severity and outcomes in KTRs with PJP is unknown. We reviewed 1994 medical records of KTRs from January 1997 to March 2019. PJP or CMV infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction or culturing using blood or respiratory specimens. We divided patients into PJP and PJP+CMV groups, and evaluated the clinical severity and outcomes. Fifty two patients had PJP (2.6%) in the whole study cohort. Among patients with PJP, 38 (73.1%) had PJP alone and 14 (26.9%) had combined PJP and CMV co‐infection. The PJP+CMV group showed worse laboratory findings (serum albumin and C‐reactive protein, P = 0.010 for both) and higher requirement of continuous renal replacement therapy than the PJP group (P = 0.050). The pneumonia severity was worse in the PJP+CMV group than in the PJP group (P < 0.05), and CMV infection was a high risk factor of pneumonia severity (odds ratio 16.0; P = 0.002). The graft function was worse in the PJP+CMV group (P < 0.001), and the incidence of graft failure was higher in the PJP+CMV group than in the PJP group (85.7% vs 36.8%; P < 0.001). Mortality was double in the PJP+CMV group than in the PJP group, but not statistically significant (21.4% vs 10.5%; P = 0.370). Our results show that approximately one in four patients with PJP after kidney transplantation develops CMV with increased clinical severity and risk of graft failure. The possibility of increased clinical severity and worse clinical outcomes by CMV co‐infection should be considered in KTRs with PJP.
Adaptive seasonal shift towards investment in fewer, larger offspring: Evidence from field and laboratory studies
Authors: Hall Joshua M. , Mitchell Timothy S. , Thawley Christopher J. , Stroud James T. , Warner Daniel A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Seasonal changes in reproduction have been described for many taxa. As reproductive seasons progress, females often shift from greater energetic investment in many small offspring towards investing less total energy into fewer, better provisioned (i.e. larger) offspring. The underlying causes of this pattern have not been assessed in many systems.

Two primary hypotheses have been proposed to explain these patterns. The first is an adaptive hypothesis from life‐history theory: early offspring have a survival advantage over those produced later. Accordingly, selection favours females that invest in offspring quantity early in the season and offspring quality later. The second hypothesis suggests these patterns are not intrinsic but result from passive responses to seasonal changes in the environment experienced by reproducing females (i.e. maternal environment).

To disentangle the causes underlying this pattern, which has been reported in brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei), we performed complementary field and laboratory studies. The laboratory study carefully controlled maternal environments and quantified reproductive patterns throughout the reproductive season for each female. The field study measured similar metrics from free ranging lizards across an entire reproductive season.

In the laboratory, females increased relative effort per offspring as the reproductive season progressed; smaller eggs were laid earlier, larger eggs were laid later. Moreover, we observed significant among‐individual variation in seasonal changes in reproduction, which is necessary for traits to evolve via natural selection. Because these patterns consistently emerge under controlled laboratory conditions, they likely represent an intrinsic and potentially adaptive adjustment of reproductive effort as predicted by life‐history theory.

The field study revealed similar trends, further suggesting that intrinsic patterns observed in the laboratory are strong enough to persist despite the environmental variability that characterizes natural habitats. The observed patterns are indicative of an adaptive seasonal shift in parental investment in response to a deteriorating offspring environment: allocating greater resources to late‐produced offspring likely enhances maternal fitness.
Language, literacy and cognitive skills of young adults with developmental language disorder (DLD)
Authors: Botting Nicola 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence concerning the longer term language, literacy and cognitive skills of young adults with developmental language disorder (DLD). Studies that exist suggest continuing difficulties with language and reading, but abilities may change over time.AimsThis study aimed to examine the language, literacy and cognitive skills of young adults with and without DLD.Methods & ProceduresData were used from the Manchester Language Study data set which was collected from a group of young adults with DLD (recruited originally at 7 years of age from language units—specialist educational resource bases). Participants were assessed on their language, literacy and cognitive functioning when they were aged 24. A comparison group of age‐matched peers (AMPs; also 24 years old) were also assessed. For language and cognition, change in scores between 16 and 24 years was also available for analysis. Finally, self‐rated measures of literacy difficulties were taken at 24 years for functional reading and writing.Outcome & ResultsThe results indicate that the young people with DLD in this sample continue to perform more poorly as a group on formal oral and written language tests. A small but significant minority of young adults with DLD also report functional reading and writing difficulties compared with AMPs despite reporting reading as often as their peer group. Compared with scores at 16 years of age, this subsample now appears to show slightly less risk of non‐verbal IQ difficulties, showing small but significant ‘catch‐up’ to AMPs.Conclusions & ImplicationsThese preliminary data suggest that at least some individuals with DLD experience marked linguistic difficulties in adulthood, and that the pathways of language, literacy and cognition are not entirely parallel for this group. Continued support and awareness of challenges for young adults with DLD may be useful.What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subject
It is known that DLD is long term and persists into adulthood. There has recently been a body of work reporting on the well‐being of this population, as well as their employment, financial status and driving ability. However, there is very little information about language, literacy and cognitive skills beyond school age.What this paper adds to existing knowledge
This study presents data on language, literacy and cognition from a large cohort of young adults with DLD and their AMPs. In this sample, a large proportion of participants score low on language, with fewer scoring as impaired on literacy and cognition. A significant minority reports difficulties in functional reading. Preliminary analysis appears to suggest that while language development remains depressed, non‐verbal cognitive skills show some catch up over time.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?
Increased awareness and continued support for language, literacy and cognition may be useful for young adults with DLD.
Translating Knowledge into Action to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Medicare Expansion of the National Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: BURD CARLYE , GRUSS STEPHANIE , ALBRIGHT ANN , ZINA ARIELLE , SCHUMACHER PATRICIA , ALLEY DAWN 
Published: January 2020

Policy Points
Although preventable chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes carry a significant cost and health burden, few lifestyle interventions have been scaled at a national policy level.
The translation of the National Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle intervention from research to a Medicare‐covered service can serve as a model for national adoption of other interventions that have the potential to improve population health.
The successful translation of the National Diabetes Prevention Program has depended on the collaboration of government agencies, academic researchers, community‐based healthcare providers, payers, and other parties.
ContextMany evidence‐based health interventions never achieve national implementation. This article analyzes factors that supported the translation and national implementation of a lifestyle change intervention to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in individuals with prediabetes.MethodsWe used the Knowledge to Action framework, which was developed to map how science is translated into effective health programs, to examine how the evidence‐based intervention from the 2002 Diabetes Prevention Program trial was translated into the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's large‐scale National Diabetes Prevention Program, eventually resulting in payment for the lifestyle intervention as a Medicare‐covered service.FindingsKey findings of our analysis include the importance of a collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and payers to encourage early adopters; development of evidence‐based, national standards to support widespread adoption of the intervention; and use of public input from community organizations to scale the intervention to a national level.ConclusionsThis analysis offers timely lessons for other high‐value, scalable interventions attempting to move beyond the evidence‐gathering phase and into translation and institutionalization.
The Shrinking City as a Growth Machine: Detroit's Reinvention of Growth through Triage, Foundation Work and Talent Attraction
Authors: Berglund Lisa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite Detroit's reputation for social and financial crisis, developers and investors have successfully pursued growth and land‐use intensification in recent years. However, in Molotch's initial conception of the growth machine, environments of extreme decline go under analyzed. While scholars have investigated the role of growth in Detroit, they have narrowly focused on a single document: the Detroit Future City framework. This work looks more holistically at the development networks leveraged to pursue growth through a discourse analysis of a broader set of development documents and interviews with development professionals, uncovering ways the growth machine adapts to this unlikely environment for growth. Rather than proposing an alternative to growth for a shrinking city, growth elites (led by philanthropic foundations) propose development scenarios leveraging triage to channel diminished amounts of development resources. In doing this, Greater Downtown, with its investment potential, is polarized from other areas of the city seen as risky investments. In addition to focusing growth in investment‐friendly areas, growth coalitions pursue incentives and branding campaigns to attract talent and affluence. These dynamics are a divergence from the growth machine model that supports the narrative that growth benefits all residents in favor of a narrative of triage.
Medical diagnosis of dyslexia in a Swedish elite school: A case of “consecrating medicalization”
Authors: Holmqvist Mikael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBased on qualitative data of an upper‐secondary school in Sweden’s primary elite community, Djursholm, I propose how medical diagnosis of students as dyslexics contributes to consecrating them by offering a short cut to successful performance, while at the same time reproducing differences between social classes. The study suggests how students that do not score top can be labeled dyslexic and the social and moral consequences of that. I introduce the concept of “consecrating medicalization” in order to discriminate between the effects of medical diagnosis of members of different social classes. In this way, this paper contributes to further examining some key problems in medical sociology and the sociology of elites, by offering a framework of synthesis and integration.
The influence of sociodemographic factors on trauma center transport for severely injured older adults
Authors: Scheetz Linda J. , Orazem John P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine sociodemographic predictors of trauma center (TC) transport of severely injured older adults.Data SourcesThe data source was the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, New York Inpatient Database (2014).Study DesignThis study was a secondary analysis of injured older adults. Key sociodemographic variables were age, gender, race/ethnicity, median household income, and primary payer. Confounding variables were injury severity, geographic location, number of chronic conditions, and injury mechanism. The outcome variable was TC transport.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe database was filtered on the following criteria: age =/> 55 years, primary diagnosis of injury (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD‐9‐CM], 800.0‐957.9, excluding poisoning, late effects, and interfacility transfers), admitted to an acute care hospital in New York.Principal FindingsRecords of 33 696 patients were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that all variables were statistically significant predictors of TC transport except primary payer. Predictors of TC transport were as follows: higher injury severity (OR 2.1, CI 1.79‐2.46; 3.39, CI 2.85‐4.05); Asian/Pacific and Hispanic race/ethnicity (OR 2.51, CI 1.92‐3.27; OR 1.1, CI 0.86‐1.42), highest median household income (OR 1.24, CI 1.01‐1.52), high population density (OR 1.32, CI 1.12‐1.55; OR 3.2, CI 2.68‐2.83), and vehicle crashes (OR 3.39, CI 2.79‐4.11). Predictors of non‐TC transport were as follows: older age groups (OR 0.92, CI 0.76‐1.11; OR 0.79, CI 0.64‐0.96; OR 0.77, CI 0.63‐0.95), females (OR 0.65, CI 0.57‐0.74), Black and “other” race (OR 0.75, CI 0.0.56‐1.0; OR 0.96, CI 0.77‐1.20), lower median household income (OR 0.76, CI 0.62‐0.93; OR 0.86, CI 0.71‐1.05), low population density (OR 0.96, CI 0.67‐1.36; OR 0.89, CI 0.53‐1.51), and number of chronic conditions (OR 0.89, CI 0.87‐0.91).ConclusionsSociodemographic factors are a source of disparity for access to TCs. Further research is needed to confirm bias and test bias reduction strategies. Comprehensive education and policies are needed to reduce disparities in access to trauma care.
Food safety hazards in the European seaweed chain
Authors: Banach J. L. , Hoek‐van den Hil E. F. , van der Fels‐Klerx H. J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeaweed is a source of protein that can help overcome the anticipated challenges of a growing world population and the current challenges for finding alternatives for animal proteins in the Western diet. Thus far, data on the safety of seaweed for feed and food purposes in the Western world are scattered. This study aimed to review the available knowledge on the presence of food safety hazards in seaweed, including factors influencing their presence, and to prioritize the hazards that may pose a risk to human health. Given current knowledge from the literature, data from the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed, and results from a stakeholder survey, 22 food safety hazards were ranked into major (4), moderate (5), and minor (13) hazards. Arsenic, cadmium, iodine, and Salmonella were identified as major hazards. Hazards, where data gaps exist, should be carefully assessed. These include pesticide residues, dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pharmaceuticals, marine biotoxins, allergens, micro‐ and nanoplastics, other pathogenic bacteria, norovirus, and hepatitis E virus. It is recommended to collect more data on these hazards in future studies. Many factors can affect the presence of hazards including seaweed type, physiology, season, harvest and cultivation environment, geography including the location of cultivation, alongside further processing. Moreover, when seaweed is cultivated near industrialized or anthropogenic activities, these activities may negatively influence water quality, which can increase the likelihood of hazards in seaweed. Results of the ranking prioritized hazards can be used to prioritize monitoring programs and adjusted given future additional knowledge covering the data gaps.
Association between MRI findings and patient‐reported outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission and at relapse
Authors: Glinatsi Daniel , Brahe Cecilie H. , Hetland Merete L. , Ørnbjerg Lykke , Krabbe Simon , Baker Joshua F. , Boesen Mikael , Rastiemadabadi Zoreh , Morsel‐Carlsen Lone , Røgind Henrik , Hansen Annette , Nørregaard Jesper , Jacobsen Søren , Terslev Lene , Huynh Tuan K. , Manilo Natalia , Jensen Dorte V. , Møller Jakob M. , Krogh Niels S. , Østergaard Mikkel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pathologies in the wrist/hand of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are associated with patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) at clinical remission and relapse.MethodsWrist/hand MRIs and wrists/hands/feet radiographs were obtained in 114 established RA patients in clinical remission, before tapering their biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs. MRIs were assessed according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) RA MRI score (RAMRIS) for inflammation (synovitis/tenosynovitis/bone marrow edema) and damage (bone erosion/joint space narrowing) at baseline (ie remission) and in case of a relapse (n = 70). Radiographs were assessed according to the Sharp/van der Heijde (SvH) method at baseline. These scores were assessed for associations with health assessment questionnaires (HAQ), visual analog scales (VAS global/pain), EuroQol‐5 dimensions and Short‐Form 36 physical and mental component summary (SF‐36 PCS/MCS) using Spearman correlations, univariate/multivariable linear regression analyses and generalized estimating equations. Furthermore, MRI pathologies were assessed for association with specific hand‐related HAQ items using Jonckheere trend tests.ResultsMagnetic resonance imaging‐assessed damage was associated with impaired HAQ and SF‐36 PCS at remission and relapse (P < .01), independent of clinical and radiographic measures, and was also associated with most of the hand‐related HAQ items (P < .03). In multivariate models including MRI, SvH scores were not associated with PROs. MRI‐assessed inflammation was not associated with PROs at remission or relapse.ConclusionMagnetic resonance imaging‐assessed wrist/hand damage, but not inflammation, in patients with established RA is associated with patient‐reported physical impairment at remission and relapse. The amount of damage in the wrist/hand is associated with reduced hand function.