bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of clinical characteristics, radiological predictors, pathological features and perioperative outcomes associated with perinephric fat adhesion degree
Authors: Liu Junqiang , Huang Hongwei , Cao Tianyu , Liu Dikuan , Zhu Zheng , Chen Jing , Wang Lina , Zong Huafeng , Song Xishuang , Wang Xuejian , Zhu Xinqing , Chen Qiwei , Nahayo Sony , Wang Jianbo , Yang Deyong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

To assess the clinical characteristics, radiological predictors and pathological features of perinephric fat adhesion degree (PFAD) graded based on fixed criteria and to determine the impact of adherent perinephric fat (APF) on retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RLPN) outcomes.
Methods

84 patients undergoing RLPN were included and graded into 4 groups based on PFAD. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed for clinical characteristics and radiological predictors of PFAD. Perioperative data was compared between APF groups and non-APF groups. Masson staining determined collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry detected CD45 immune cells and CD34 vessels.
Results

20, 28, 18 and 18 patients were graded as normal perinephric fat (NPF), mild adherent perinephric fat (MiPF), moderate adherent perinephric fat (MoPF) and severe adherent perinephric fat (SPF), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.003) and hypertension (p = 0.006) were significant clinical risk factors of PFAD, while radiological predictors included perinephric stranding (p = 0.001), posterior perinephric fat thickness (p = 0.009) and perinephric fat density (p = 0.02). APF was associated with drain output (P = 0.012) and accompanied by immune cells gathering in renal cortex near thickened renal capsule with many vessels.
Conclusions

Clinical characteristics and radiological predictors can evaluate PFAD and may assist guide preoperative surgical option. Pathological features of APF reflect decapsulation and bleeding during kidney mobilization at RLPN.
Institutional outbreak involving multiple clades of IMP-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex sequence type 78 at a cancer center in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Harada Sohei , Aoki Kotaro , Ohkushi Daisuke , Okamoto Koh , Takehana Kazumi , Akatsuchi Tomomi , Ida Keito , Shoji Daigo , Ishii Yoshikazu , Doi Yohei , Moriya Kyoji , Hayama Brian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Information about the clinical and microbiological characteristics of IMP-producing Enterobacterales has been limited. Here, we describe an institutional outbreak of IMP-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) involving multiple clades of ECC sequence type (ST) 78 strains.Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and conjugation experiments of 18 IMP-producing ECC strains isolated during four-year study period were performed. Species and subspecies were determined by average nucleotide identity analysis and clonal relatedness of the isolates was analyzed with multilocus sequence typing and core-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Relevant clinical information was extracted from medical records. Results: Fourteen of 18 IMP-producing ECC isolates were determined as Enterobacter hormaechei ST78. Twelve isolates, including 10 isolates belonging to ST78, carried blaIMP-1 in In316-like class 1 integron located on IncHI2 plasmids. Conjugation experiments were successful for 12 isolates carrying blaIMP-1 on IncHI2 plasmids and for an isolate carrying blaIMP-11 on an IncL/M plasmid. Although isolation of ST78 strains was clustered in a 16-months period suggesting nosocomial transmission, these strains were subdivided into three clades by SNP analysis: clade A (n = 10), clade B (n = 1), clade C (n = 3). A part of clonal relatedness was unexpected by the epidemiological information at the time of isolation of the strains. Most of the IMP-producing ECC strains were susceptible to non-β-lactam antibiotics and had relatively low minimum inhibitory concentrations to carbapenems (≤4 μg/mL). Four of five infections caused by IMP-producing ECC were treated successfully. Conclusions: Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed the outbreak was caused by three different clades of ST78 strains, where patients had favorable treatment outcome of the infections compared with that caused by Enterobacterales producing other carbapenemases, possibly due to their non-multidrug-resistant phenotype.
The effects of preoperative imaging stability studies on intraoperative correction, postoperative observation, and clinical efficacy of adult lumbar spondylolisthesis treatment
Authors: Jiang Jie , Liu Chong , Zhang Guangping , Xu Guoyong , Liang Tuo , Yu Chaojie , Liao SHian , Zhang Zide , Lu Zhaojun , Wang Zequn , Chen Jiarui , Chen Tianyou , Li Hao , Zhan Xinli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study is to explore the use of preoperative imaging stability studies of adult lumbar spondylolisthesis and it's effects on intraoperative correction, postoperative observation, and clinical efficacy.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed a total of 104 patients diagnosed with lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent Posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery between 2011 and 2014. The qualified patients were divided into two groups; group A (study/unstable group: 52 cases) and group B (control/stable group: 52 cases). Group A was further divided into group A1 (slip instability: 27 cases) and group A2 (angular instability: 25 cases). The preoperative lumbar sagittal plane translation distances and segmental angle of the preoperative lateral X-rays, hyperflexion X-rays, and hyperextension X-rays were measured and compared with their third-day postoperative lateral X-ray, and slip rate. The occurrences of intraoperative or postoperative complications, one-month postoperative follow-up data, including JOA, and VAS scores were access to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the treatment.
Results

Satisfactory postoperative radiographic correction was recorded in all groups. Better correction and correction was observed in group A1 patients and group B patients who used puller screws compared to those who used normal screws (P < 0.05). However, patients in group A2 who used normal pedicle screws had similar correction as those who used puller screws. The preoperative VAS scores showed that low back and lower extremity pain were higher in A1 and A2 groups compared to group B. However, they were lower one month postoperative. The preoperative JOA scores for the unstable groups (group A1 and A2) were lower than their stable counterpart but higher during the first month postoperative. Our analysis of postoperative complications also revealed no statistically significant difference between groups A1 and B, and groups A2, and B.
Conclusions

Preoperative imaging stability for adult lumbar spondylolisthesis does not affect intraoperative correction. The use of puller pedicle screws in patients with unstable or stable segmental slippage could achieve better correction and correction than with normal pedicle screws. The preoperative symptoms of patients with unstable segments were worse than their stable counterparts; however, their postoperative recovery was quicker in the first month postoperative.
Antioxidant Effect of Elamipretide on Bull’s Sperm Cells During Freezing/Thawing Process
Authors: Kowalczyk Alicja , Ewa Czerniawska Piątkowska 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Spermatozoa are subjected to drastic changes in temperature, ice crystal formation, and diverse types of stresses (chemical, physical, osmotic, and oxidative) during the cryopreservation process, which severely compromise sperm quality and fertility. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of Elamipretide in the cryopreservation of bull's sperm.Materials and methods: The study included 36 healthy Simmental bulls with an average age of 2 ± 0.5 years housed individually in pens. Two ejaculates were collected from each bull using an artificial vagina at 7 a.m. Subsequently, the semen was extended with animal protein–free commercial BIOXcell® extender (IMV Technologies, L’aigle, France) to a final concentration of 160x106 spermatozoa/mL, and rated in terms of motile sperm percentage, progressive motility, viability and abnormality of spermatozoa. Semen samples that showed more than 60% motility and 60% viability, were selected for the experiment. The fresh semen was then divided into five equal fractions. The first fraction was left for the control group (without Elamipretide), to the next were added in succession 0.1; 1; 5; and 10 μM of Elamipretide TFA (Trifluoroacetic) (MedChemExpress, USA). After that semen was subjected to freezing and thawing. Next semen was assessed for motility, viability, and antioxidant activity (SOD, CAT, MDA).Results: It has been shown that a concentration of 5 and 10 μM proved to be the most effective in terms of tested parameters of the quality of sperm cells subjected to cryopreservation.Conclusion: In conclusion, addition of the Elamipretide to the cryopreservation extender significantly improved frozen-thawed sperm cells quality and their function. The results of this study indicate that Elamipretide can be used as a cryoprotective agent to protect cells against the devastating effects of oxidative stress and increasing sperm survival after cryopreservation.
Mental Health and Community-Based Rehabilitation: A Qualitative Description of the Experiences and Perspectives of Service Users and Carers in Bangladesh
Authors: Koly Kamrun Nahar , Shammi Fahima Akter , Abdullah Rehnuma , Akter Taslima , Hasan Tasdik , Eaton Julian , Ryan Grace 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSince 2016, Promotion of Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Bangladesh (PHRPB) has been working to include people with psychosocial disabilities in their community-based inclusive development work, and to increase access to formal mental health care.MethodsField visits were carried out to PHRPBD catchment areas in Dhaka and Chittagong for a case study on the integration of mental health into community-based rehabilitation (CBR). This paper synthesizes the results of twenty-five semi-structured interviews carried out as part of the case study. Participants included people with psychosocial disabilities, intellectual disabilities, epilepsy or other cognitive impairments and their carers as needed. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated from Bangla to English, then hand-coded for content analysis.ResultsResults were organized into five overarching categories: (1) explanatory models, (2) help-seeking behaviors, (3) impact of services, (4) challenges and barriers to improving mental health, (5) recommendations of users and carers. Respondents either had no explanation for why service users had become unwell or attributed it to physically and/or emotionally traumatic events or supernatural causes. Before attending PHRPBD’s mental health services, most had visited formal or informal health care providers, often with disappointing results. Despite positive feedback on PHRPBD’s services, participants identified ongoing challenges. Stigma, discrimination and human rights abuses persist and are compounded by issues of gender inequality. Participants also identified barriers and made recommendations specific to the program itself, mainly regarding accessibility (e.g., cost, distance, frequency).ConclusionsThis study adds to the limited body of qualitative research on mental health in Bangladesh, reinforcing previous findings on explanatory models and health-seeking behaviors while providing new insights into the impact of a CBR program in this context. Feedback of service users and carers suggests that CBR may indeed be a useful approach to increase access to services in Bangladesh for people with psychosocial or intellectual disabilities, epilepsy or other cognitive impairments. However, this program is not without its limitations, some of which are the product of broader issues within the mental health system and others of the social and cultural context. More research is needed to formally evaluate this and other CBR programs in the Global South.
The effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and an in-hospital exercise training programme on physical fitness and quality of life in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: A randomised controlled trial (The EMPOWER Trial)
Authors: Loughney Lisa , West Malcolm , Moyses Helen , Bates Andrew , Kemp Graham , Hawkins Lesley , Varkonyi-Sepp Judit , Burke Shaunna , Barben Chris , Calverley Peter , Cox Trevor , Palmer Daniel , Mythen Monty , Grocott Michael , Jack Sandy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe EMPOWER trial aimed to assess the effects of a 9-week exercise prehabilitation programme on physical fitness compared with a usual care control group. Secondary aims were to investigate the effect of 1) the exercise prehabilitation programme on psychological health; and 2) neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on physical fitness and psychological health.MethodsBetween October 2013 and December 2016, adults with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing standardised NCRT and surgery were recruited to a multi-centre trial. Patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and HRQoL questionnaires (EORTC-QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L) pre-NCRT and post-NCRT (week 0/baseline). At week 0, patients were randomised to exercise prehabilitation or usual care (no intervention). CPET and HRQoL questionnaires were assessed at week 0, 3, 6 and 9, whilst semi structured interviews were assessed at week 0 and week 9. Changes in oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (VO2 at AT (ml.kg− 1.min− 1)) between groups was compared using linear mixed modelling.ResultsThirty-eight patients were recruited, mean age 64 (10.4) years. Of the 38 patients, 33 were randomised: 16 to usual care and 17 to exercise prehabilitation (26 male and seven female). Exercise prehabilitation significantly improved VO2 at AT compared to the usual care. The change from baseline to week 9, when adjusted for baseline, between the randomised groups was + 2.9 ml.kg− 1.min− 1; 95% CI (0.8 to 5.1); p = 0.011.ConclusionA 9-week exercise prehabilitation programme significantly rescued fitness following NCRT. These findings have informed the WesFit trial (NCT03509428) which is investigating the effects of community-based multimodal prehabilitation before cancer surgery.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01914068. Registered 1 August 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01914068.
Well-being and mental stress in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden: Cohort comparisons from 1980 to 2016 of 36-year trends and socioeconomic disparities in 38-and 50-year old women
Authors: Waller Maria , Lissner Lauren , Hange Dominique , Sundh Valter , Blomstrand Ann , Björkelund Cecilia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Women`s life situations has dramatically changed in recent decades. Self-reported health in women has been reported significantly lower than in men in all age groups 18-70 years. In Sweden, the National Public Health Report 2005 showed that stressful work environments have become more common especially for women. The purpose of the study was to monitor trends in well-being and mental stress in the populations of 38- and 50-year-old women and to examine associations with socioeconomic position (SEP). Subjects Population-based cohorts of 38- and 50-year-old women as a part of the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg were invited in 1980, 2004 and 2016 to health examinations, with similar protocols on each occasion Methods Cohort comparisons between three representative samples of 38- and 50-year-old women. Well-being (scale 1-7) and perceived mental stress (scale 1-6) based on questionnaires were the main outcomes studied in relation to time. Socioeconomic position (SEP) based on socio-occupational group, i.e. occupational and educational level combined were examined as correlates well-being and mental stress at different points in time. Results Perception of good well-being increased in 50-year-old women between 1980 to 2016, but no significant time trends were seen in 38-year-old women. Perception of high mental stress increased between 1980 and 2016, for both 38-and 50-year-old women. Belonging to a low socio-occupational group was associated with lower perceived well-being in 1980 but not in 2016. Belonging to a low socio-occupational group was not associated with perceived mental stress at any examination. Conclusions Contemporary women of today have generally higher perceptions of well-being and higher mental stress regardless of belonging to low or high socio-occupational group. Associations between poor well-being and belonging to a low socio-occupational group that were observed in 1980 disappeared in 2016. Trial registration The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden was approved by the ethics committee of University of Gothenburg (Dnr 65-80; Ö564-03; 258-16). The studies comply with the Declaration of Helsinki and informed consent has been obtained from the subjects.
High-Throughput Metabolomics for Discovering Potential Biomarkers and Identifying Metabolic Mechanisms in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Xie Kun , Qin Qi , Long Zhiping , Yang Yihui , Peng Chenghai , Xi Chunyang , Li Liangliang , Wu Zhen , Daria Volontovich , Zhao Yashuang , Wang Fan , Wang Maoqing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disease. The current diagnosis of AD may fail to identify a substantial number of asymptomatic individuals who will progress to AD. We aimed to investigate the metabolic mechanisms of aging and AD and to identify potential biomarkers for the early screening of AD in a natural aging population.Methods: To analyse the plasma metabolites related to aging, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in a two-stage cross-sectional study. Spearman’s correlation analysis and random forest were applied to model the relationship between age and each metabolite. Moreover, systematic reviews of metabolomics studies of AD in the PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched to extract the differential metabolites and altered pathways from original studies. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using Mummichog.Results: In total, 669 metabolites were significantly altered with aging, and thirteen pathways were enriched and correlated with aging. Five metabolites (palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, glutamine, and oleic acid) were identified as potential biomarkers for AD based on a systematic review. Arginine and histidine were considered candidate monitoring markers of disease progression in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) population. Moreover, three pathways (purine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and the TCA cycle) were shared between aging and AD. Arginine and proline metabolism play a key role in the progression from CN to MCI and to AD in the natural aging population. Three metabolites, 16-a-hydroxypregnenolone, stearic acid and PC (16:0/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), were finally proposed as potential markers of AD in the natural aging population.Conclusion: The underlying mechanism shared between aging and AD and the potential biomarkers for AD diagnosis were proposed based on multistep comparative analysis.
Inguinal hernias in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: is tension-free mesh repair feasible?
Authors: Chi Qiyu , Weng Shangeng , Shi Zheng , Zhang Zhibo , Lin Chunzhong , Liu Guozhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
PurposeContinuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), which often causes a common complication such as abdominal wall hernia, is a prevalent alternative therapy for end-stage renal failure patients. However, relevant studies are somewhat rare, and the peritoneal dialysis (PD) protocol during the perioperative period is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and perioperative management of tension-free mesh repair for inguinal hernias in CAPD patients.MethodsBetween January 2013 and December 2019, 18 CAPD patients with 20 inguinal hernias who underwent tension-free mesh repair were retrospectively analyzed. Data on demographics, perioperative features, the perioperative dialysis protocol and surgical complications were collected and assessed.ResultsAll hernias were diagnosed after the start of CAPD, and the median duration from PD onset to hernia formation was 16 months (2-61 months). All patients underwent successful tension-free mesh repair, including 17 Lichtenstein and 3 anterior Kugel procedures. The median operation time was 62.5 min, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 3 days. Fifteen patients received low-exchange volumes and high-frequency exchanges from 1-3 days after surgery for 2 weeks with gradual resumption of the original CAPD regimen within 4 weeks. Complications included seroma (n = 2) and hematoma (n = 1). No wound or mesh infection or recurrence occurred during the follow-up period.ConclusionsTension-free mesh repair is safe and feasible for inguinal hernias in CAPD patients, The Lichtenstein mesh repair should be the first choice, and anterior Kugel repair may be considered an effective procedure. Bridging hemodialysis seems unnecessary except for emergency surgery.
External Validation of the Surgical Outcome Risk Tool (Sort) In 3305 Abdominal Surgery Patients In The Independent Sector In The United Kingdom
Authors: Oakland Kathryn , Cosentino Daria , Cross Timothy , Bucknall Cliff , Dorudi Sina , Walker David 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Assessing risk of post-surgical mortality is a key component of pre-surgical planning. The Surgical Outcome Risk Tool (SORT) uses pre-operative variables to predict 30-day mortality. The aim of this study was to externally validate SORT in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
Methods
Data were collected from patients treated in five Independent hospitals in the United Kingdom. Individualised SORT scores were calculated and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) and precision-recall curves (PRC) plus 95% confidence intervals (CI) were drawn to test the ability of SORT to identify in-hospital death. Outcomes of patients with a SORT predicted risk of mortality of ≥ 5% (high risk) were compared to those with a predicted risk of < 5% (standard risk).
Results
The study population comprised 3305 patients, mean age 51 years, 2783 (84.2%) underwent elective surgery most frequently involving the colon (24.6%), or liver, pancreas or gallbladder (18.2%). Overall 1551 (46.9%) patients were admitted to ICU and 29 (0.88%) died. The AUROC of SORT for discriminating patients at risk of death was 0.899 (95% CI 0.849 to 0.949) and the PRC 0.247. In total 72 (2.18%) patients were stratified as high risk. There were more unplanned ICU admissions and deaths in this group compared to the standard risk group (25.0% and 3.3%, versus 3.1% and 0.5%, respectively).
Conclusion
We externally validated SORT in a large population of abdominal surgery patients. SORT performed well in patients with lower risk profiles, but some patients that were predicted to be standard risk did experience adverse outcomes.