bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BUB1B Promotes Proliferation of Prostate Cancer via Transcriptional Regulation of MELK
Authors: Tian Juan-Hua , Mu Li-Jun , Wang Mei-Yu , Zeng Jin , Long Qing-Zhi , Guan Bin , Wang Wen , Jiang Yu-Mei , Bai Xiao-Jing , Du Yue-Feng 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Prostate cancer remains one of the most common and deadliest forms of cancer, generally
respond well to radical prostatectomy and associated interventions, up to 30% of individuals will suffer
disease relapse. Although BUB1B was found to be essential for cell growth and proliferation, even in several
kinds of tumor cells, the specific importance and mechanistic role of BUB1B in prostate cancer remain unclear.

Methods:
Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Western-blot were used in the detection of mRNA and protein expression.
Lentivirus infection was used to overexpression or knock down the target gene. Flow cytometry analysis
was performed to test protein expression and apoptosis level. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify
protein expression in tissue. Statistical differences between the two groups are evaluated by two-tailed t-tests.
The comparison among multiple groups is performed by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by
Dunnett’s posttest. The statistical significance of the Kaplan-Meier survival plot is determined by log-rank
analysis.

Results:
In the present report, we found BUB1B expression to be highly increased in prostate cancer tissues
relative to normal controls. We further found BUB1B to be essential for efficient tumor cell proliferation, and to
correlate with poorer prostate cancer patient outcomes. From a mechanistic perspective, the ability of BUB1B to
regulate MELK was found to be essential for its ability to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation.

Conclusion:
Altogether, our data suggest that BUB1B is up-regulated in prostate cancer, suggesting that the
growth of cancer cells may depend on BUB1B-dependent regulation of MELK transcription. BUB1B may serve
as a clinical prognostic factor and a druggable target for prostate cancer.
The Effect of Phase Transition Temperature on Therapeutic Efficacy of Liposomal Bortezomib
Authors: Korani Mitra , Nikoofal-Sahlabadi Sara , Nikpoor Amin R. , Ghaffari Solmaz , Attar Hossein , Mashreghi Mohammad , Jaafari Mahmoud R. 
Published: January 2020

Aims:Here, three liposomal formulations of DPPC/DPPG/Chol/DSPE-mPEG2000 (F1), DPPC/DPPG/Chol (F2) and HSPC/DPPG/Chol/DSPE-mPEG2000 (F3) encapsulating BTZ were prepared and characterized in terms of their size, surface charge, drug loading, and release profile. Mannitol was used as a trapping agent to entrap the BTZ inside the liposomal core. The cytotoxicity and anti-tumor activity of formulations were investigated in vitro and in vivo in mice bearing tumor.Background:Bortezomib (BTZ) is an FDA approved proteasome inhibitor for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. The low solubility of BTZ has been responsible for the several side effects and low therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Encapsulating BTZ in a nano drug delivery system; helps overcome such issues. Among NDDSs, liposomes are promising diagnostic and therapeutic delivery vehicles in cancer treatment.Objective:Evaluating anti-tumor activity of bortezomib liposomal formulations.Methods:Data prompted us to design and develop three different liposomal formulations of BTZ based on Tm parameter, which determines liposomal stiffness. DPPC (Tm 41°C) and HSPC (Tm 55°C) lipids were chosen as variables associated with liposome rigidity. In vitro cytotoxicity assay was then carried out for the three designed liposomal formulations on C26 and B16F0, which are the colon and melanoma cancer mouse-cell lines, respectively. NIH 3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line was also used as a normal cell line. The therapeutic efficacy of these formulations was further assessed in mice tumor models.Result:MBTZ were successfully encapsulated into all the three liposomal formulations with a high entrapment efficacy of 60, 64, and 84% for F1, F2, and F3, respectively. The findings showed that liposomes mean particle diameter ranged from 103.4 to 146.8nm. In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that liposomal-BTZ formulations had higher IC50 value in comparison to free BTZ. F2-liposomes with DPPC, having lower Tm of 41°C, showed much higher anti-tumor efficacy in mice models of C26 and B16F0 tumors compared to F3-HSPC liposomes with a Tm of 55°C. F2 formulation also enhanced mice survival compared with untreated groups, either in BALB/c or in C57BL/6 mice.Conclusion:Our findings indicated that F2-DPPC-liposomal formulations prepared with Tm close to body temperature seem to be effective in reducing the side effects and increasing the therapeutic efficacy of BTZ and merits further investigation.
Plasma Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) is Increased in Drug-Naï ve Major Depressed Patients and Treatment with Sertraline and Ketoprofen Normalizes IDO in Association with Pro-Inflammatory and Immune- Regulatory Cytokines
Authors: Al-Hakeim Hussein Kadhem , Twayej Ahmed Jasim , Al-Dujaili Arafat Hussein , Maes Michael 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Major Depression Disorder (MDD) is accompanied by an immune response
characterized by increased levels of inflammatory and immune-regulatory cytokines and stimulation of
indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). There is also evidence that anti-inflammatory drugs may have
clinical efficacy in MDD.

Objective:
This study examined a) IDO in association with interferon (IFN)-γ, Interleukin (IL)-4 and
Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β1 in 140 drug-naïve MDD patients and 40 normal controls; and
b) the effects of an eight-week treatment of sertraline with or without ketoprofen (a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drug) on the same biomarkers in 44 MDD patients.

Results:
Baseline IDO, IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and IL-4 were significantly higher in MDD patients as compared
with controls. Treatment with sertraline with or without ketoprofen significantly reduced the
baseline levels of all biomarkers to levels which were in the normal range (IDO, TGF-β1, and IL-4) or
still somewhat higher than in controls (IFN-γ). Ketoprofen add-on had a significantly greater effect on
IDO as compared with placebo. The reductions in IDO, IL-4, and TGF-β1 during treatment were significantly
associated with those in the BDI-II

Conclusion:
MDD is accompanied by activated immune-inflammatory pathways (including IDO) and
the Compensatory Immune-Regulatory System (CIRS). The clinical efficacy of antidepressant treatment
may be ascribed at least in part to decrements in IDO and the immune-inflammatory response.
These treatments also significantly reduce the more beneficial properties of T helper-2 and T regulatory
(Treg) subsets. Future research should develop immune treatments that target the immune-inflammatory
response in MDD while enhancing the CIRS.
Microwave Thermal Effect on Diels-Alder Reaction of Furan and Maleimide
Authors: Sun Simin , Teng Chong , Xu Jiaxi 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Higher temperature regions (hot spots) have been observed in organic
reactions and are attributed to microwave selective heating. The accumulated heat in reaction systems
accelerates certain reactions.

Methods:
The theoretical calculation was applied to select a suitable Diels-Alder reaction as a
molecular probe to determine the microwave thermal effect on Diels-Alder reaction, one class of
bimolecular reactions. The kinetic investigations were utilized to determine the reaction activation
energies and further to calculate the actual reaction temperatures under different microwave conditions
from the Arrhenius equation.

Results:
On the basis of the theoretical calculational results, Diels-Alder reaction of furan and
maleimide was selected as a molecular probe to determine the microwave thermal effect in Diels-
Alder reaction. Their activation energies under thermal conditions were determined from kinetic
data by using the Arrhenius equation. The actual reaction temperatures under different microwave
conditions were further deduced from their activation energies and the Arrhenius equation.

Conclusion:
Higher temperature regions (hot spots) were observed in Diels-Alder reaction, and
they are more obvious in less polar solvents than those in more polar solvents in the microwave
irradiated reactions.
Analysis of Optimum Precoding Schemes in Millimeter Wave System
Authors: Singh Divya , Shukla Aasheesh 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Millimeter wave technology is the emerging technology in wireless communication
due to increased demand for data traffic and its numerous advantages however it suffers
from severe attenuation. To mitigate this attenuation, phased antenna arrays are used for unidirectional
power distribution. An initial access is needed to make a connection between the base station and
users in millimeter wave system. The high complexity and cost can be mitigated by the use of hybrid
precoding schemes. Hybrid precoding techniques are developed to reduce the complexity, power
consumption and cost by using phase shifters in place of converters. The use of phase shifters also
increases the spectral efficiency.

Objective:
Analysis of Optimum Precoding schemes in Millimeter Wave System.

Methods:
In this paper, the suitability of existing hybrid precoding solutions are explored on the basis
of the different algorithms and the architecture to increase the average achievable rate. Previous
work done in hybrid precoding is also compared on the basis of the resolution of the phase shifter
and digital to analog converter.

Results:
A comparison of the previous work is done on the basis of different parameters like the
resolution of phase shifters, digital to analog converter, amount of power consumption and spectral
efficiency. Spectral efficiency shows the average achievable rate of different algorithms at SNR= 0
dB and 5 dB. It also compares the performance achieved by the hybrid precoder in the fully connected
structure with two existing approaches, dynamic subarray structure with and without switch
and sub connected or partially connected structure, and gives the comparative analysis of hybrid
precoding with the different resolutions of the phase shifter and DAC.

Conclusion:
In this paper, some available literature is reviewed and summarized about hybrid precoding
in millimeter wave communication. Current solutions of hybrid precoding are also reviewed
and compared in terms of their efficiency, power consumption, and effectiveness. The limitations of
the existing hybrid precoding algorithms are the selection of group and resolution of phase shifters.
The mm wave massive MIMO is only feasible due to hybrid precoding.
EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY-PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE IN THE HEALING PROCESS OF SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS WITH DELAYED-UNION FEMUR FRACTURE: A STUDY OF THE FAILURE LOAD OF AXIAL FORCE
Authors: DJAJA ANDIKA D. , NOOR ERWIN A. , DILOGO ISMAIL H. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Under normal conditions, fractures can heal, but under some conditions, complications can occur, such as delayed union or nonunion. Interaction between the processes of angiogenesis and osteogenesis (the interaction of osteoblast and osteoclast) is the determining factor in the healing process. Exposure to an electromagnetic field, as a physical stimulus, affects osteogenesis both in the developmental stage of the embryo and in the fracture healing process. This study was conducted to determine the healing of delayed-union fractures through exposure to an extremely low-frequency-pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF), comparing the failure load scores in experimental animals.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, with 56 experimental rats during August and September 2018.
Results: There was a significant difference in the failure load score in both groups in the fourth and fifth weeks of the study. There were no differences in clinical improvement in the two groups.
Conclusion: This study concluded that there was an improvement in delayed-union fracture healing after the administration of ELF-PEMF, as seen in the difference in failure load scores.
CONTINUOUS VERSUS ON-DEMAND PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR TREATMENT FOR LARYNGOPHARYNGEAL REFLUX: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: TAMIN SUSYANA , RANI ABDUL AZIZ , BACHTIAR ADANG 
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study aimed to compare continuous and pro re nata (PRN) proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatments for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).
Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 52 LPR patients with lingual tonsil hypertrophy (LTH). Those patients who showed LPR improvement with an initial PPI trial were randomly divided into continuous and PRN PPI treatment groups. The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) score, Reflux Finding Score (RFS), and LTH grade were used to assess the treatment results.
Results: The PPI treatment (30 mg of lansoprazole twice daily) for 6 mo resulted in a significantly decreasing RSI score (p<0.001). The PPI treatments for the first 8 w and the second 8 w also showed significant LPR improvement. However, there was no significant improvement after the third 8 w (p>0.05). After 6 mo, the PPI treatment also resulted in a continuous decrease in the RFS (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the mean RSI scores (p=0.518) and mean RFSs (p=0.393) between the continuous and PRN PPI groups. In the grade II LTH cases, there was a significant improvement after 6 mo of PPI treatment (p<0.001), although there was no improvement after the first 2 mo in the treatment group. For the grade III LTH cases, there was no significant improvement after the first 2 mo and 6 mo of the PPI treatment.
Conclusion: Six months of PPI treatment improved the RSI score, RFS, and LTH grade, although there was no difference between the continuous and PRN PPI treatment groups.
PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS ALONE VERSUS COMBINED PROPHYLAXIS AND POSTOPERATIVE ANTIBIOTICS FOR PREVENTING SURGICAL-SITE INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH EAR AND NOSE RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
Authors: KOENTO TRIMARTANI , SALEH RANGGA R. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to acquire supporting data for the rational use of antibiotics in plastic reconstructive surgery in the Ear-Nose-Throat/Head and Neck Surgery Department at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital–Faculty of Medicine Indonesia University.
Methods: This pilot study, with a negative trial design, included 12 subjects who were randomly divided into two groups: preoperative prophylactic antibiotic-only group and a combination of prophylactic and postoperative antibiotic group (controls).
Results: The results showed that only 1 of the 12 subjects (in the prophylactic antibiotic-only group) developed an SSI. None of the controls (combined-use group) had an SSI. The difference between the two groups was not significant.
Conclusion: The use of postoperative antibiotic appears not to be necessary in plastic reconstructive surgery patients to prevent SSIs. Further study, however, is required to support the findings of this study.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF THE SUPINE AND PRONE POSITIONS IN PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMIES FOR KIDNEY STONES
Authors: RAHMADI RIO , RASYID NUR , BIROWO PONCO 
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of the supine and prone positions in percutaneous nephrolithotomies (PCNLs) used for the treatment of kidney stones in Indonesian patients.
Methods: This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial of those patients undergoing PCNLs from February to May of 2018. There were 19 subjects in the supine group and 19 in the prone group for a total of 38 study subjects. The study outcomes that were compared included the operative time, hospital length of stay (LOS), stone-free rate, blood loss, conversion to open surgery, blood transfusion, and complications. These outcomes were evaluated using the Student’s t test and the chi-squared test.
Results: There were no significant differences in the patient demographics or stone locations between the two groups. Additionally, the medians of the operative times, LOSs, blood losses, and blood transfusions were not statistically different. There was a higher stone-free rate in the supine group than in the prone group (70.0% vs. 47.4%, respectively, p = 0.151). More subjects were transfused in the supine group (30.0%) than in the prone group (15.8%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.292). The only complications were infundibular lacerations, which occurred in 20% of the subjects in the supine group and 15.8% of the subjects in the prone group (p = 0.732).
Conclusion: This study showed that the supine and prone positions for PCNLs had similar efficacy and safety outcomes.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIPLE-DOSE ALBENDAZOLE IN COMPARISON WITH MEBENDAZOLE FOR THE TREATMENT OF TRICHURIASIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: SUNGKAR SALEHA , IRMAWATI FANNY P. , HASWINZKY ROSE A. , DWINASTITI YASMINE A. , WAHDINI SRI , FIRMANSYAH NURHADI E. , ADAWIYAH ROBIATUL , BUNTARAN STANLEY , KEKALIH ARIA , KUSUMOWIDAGDO GLADYS 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Trichuriasis is difficult to treat with single-dose anthelmintic. Although a higher cure rate (CR) can be achieved by treatment with triple-dose albendazole and mebendazole, the results of studies are inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of triple-dose albendazole and mebendazole in treating trichuriasis.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a primary school in the Pandeglang District, Banten Province, Indonesia in July–August, 2018; 382 children were recruited. Stools were collected and examined microscopically using the Kato–Katz method to identify Trichuriasis eggs. Children positive for Trichuris trichiura were randomized and divided into two groups. One was given a triple dose of 400 mg albendazole and the other a triple dose of 500 mg mebendazole. On day 14 after treatment, stools were reexamined to calculate CR and the egg reduction rate (ERR). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results: The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection was 42%, and that of trichuriasis and ascariasis was 25.1% and 29.8%. There was a significant difference (Wilcoxon test, P<0.01) in the intensity of infection before and after intervention. Both groups showed high values of CR (mebendazole: 95.2%, albendazole: 85.4%; Fisher’s exact test, P = 0.125) and ERR (mebendazole: 99%, albendazole: 96%; Mann–Whitney test, P = 0.110). There was no significant difference in CR and ERR between the two groups.
Conclusion: Triple-dose albendazole was as effective as triple-dose mebendazole in treating trichuriasis.
INHIBITION OF COX-2 EXPRESSION BY LUNASIN-RICH SOYBEAN EXTRACT ON COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: KUSMARDI KUSMARDI , KARENINA VANNESSA , ESTUNINGTYAS ARI , TEDJO ARYO 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The incidence of colorectal cancer has been growing faster than most other cancers in the past decade, especially in developing countries. One of the substances that is currently being investigated as potential chemopreventive agent is lunasin, which is contained in soybeans. This research explored the effect of lunasin on COX-2 expression in the distal colons of mice in which colorectal carcinogenesis was induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).
Methods: A total of 30 Swiss Webster mice were separated into six groups. In five of the groups—a negative control group, positive control group, and three intervention groups—carcinogenesis was induced with AOM and DSS; the sixth group received no interventions. Lunasin-rich soybean extracts were given in doses of 250, 300, and 350 mg/kgBW for 6 w to the intervention groups Immunohistochemical staining of COX-2 was then carried out on tissue samples from the distal colons of mice that had been sacrificed. The samples were microscopically assessed and photographed, and cell counts were performed using the Image J application. COX-2 expression is reported in the form of an optical density score (ODS).
Results: Significant differences between the negative control and the intervention groups were found at the 300 mg/kgBW (p = 0.047) and 350 mg/kgBW (p = 0.016) lunasin dosage levels.
Conclusions: This demonstrates that administration of lunasin-rich soy extracts can inhibit COX-2 expression in cryptic epithelial cells of the distal colon in mice with carcinogenesis induced by AOM and DSS.
PREVALENCE OF CTX-M-PRODUCING GRAM-NEGATIVE UROPATHOGENS IN SOKOTO, NORTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: TANKO NUHU , BOLAJI R. O. , OLAYINKA B. O. , EUGENE O. B. B. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Infections of the urinary tract remains one of the most common bacterial infections with many implicated organisms being Gram-negative, which are increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents. The aim of the study was to evaluate the resistance of ESBL producing Gram-negative enterobacteriaceae to commonly prescribed antibiotics and the prevalence of CTX-M genes from these isolates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Methods: The isolates were collected from urine over a period of 4 mo and studied, and were identified using Microgen Identification Kit (GN-ID). Susceptibility testing was performed by the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, and results were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) production was detected by the double-disc synergy test (DDST). Molecular characterization was based on the isolates that were positive for the phenotypic detection of ESBL.
Results: Sixty one (61) isolates of Gram-negative uropathogens were identified. Of these, 19 (31.2%) were E. coli, 15 (24.6%) were Salmonella arizonae, Klebsiella pneumoniae were 7 (11.5%), Klebsiella oxytoca were 3 (4.9%), Enterobacter gergoviae were 6 (9.8%), 4 (6.6%) were Citrobacter freundii, 4 (6.6%) were Serratia marscence, and 1 (1.6%) were Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Edwardsiella tarda each. Analysis of the bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics revealed most of them to be generally resistant to cotrimoxazole (73.3%), nalidixic acid (66.7%), norfloxacin (53.5%), ciprofloxacin (50.5%), gentamicin (48.6%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (45%), and the least resistant was displayed in nitrofurantoin (30%). Of the 15 ESBL producers, 11 (73.3%) were harbouring bla CTX-M genes.
Conclusion: The study revealed a high susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, whereas susceptibility to cotrimoxazole was lowest. It further portrays a high prevalence of enterobacteriaceae isolates harbouring bla CTX-M genes in Sokoto metropolis.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCING A MAGNETO CONTROLLABLE NANOCOMPOSITE Ag@Fe3O4 USING MATHEMATICAL DESIGN
Authors: KRYSKIV ОLEG S. , CHAN TETYANA M. , KOVAL ALLA O. , SHPYCHAK OLEG S. , ROMAS KATERYNA P. , KRAN OLEKSANDRA S. , MARTYNIUK TETIANA V. , ANTONENKO OLGA V. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of the research was to optimize technology for producing a magneto controllable nanocomposite Ag@Fe3O4 with modern physicochemical and therapeutic requirements using methods of mathematical design of the experiment.
Methods: To optimize the synthesis process of the nanocomposite Ag@Fe3O4, the method of factor experiment was used. Mathematical calculations were performed using the STATISTICA 10 StatSoft Inc. system and Excel spreadsheet processor of MS Office 2019 Professional Plus.
Results: Based on the study of technological parameters of nanocomposite synthesis Ag@Fe3O4 (16 experiments) a regression equation was obtained: Y = 106.415+0.038X1+4.448Х2+1.806Х3–1.593Х4–18.945Х5–109.980Х6. By the use of this equation the synthesis parameters were optimized with the help of steepest ascent method. It was found that the maximum yield of Ag@Fe3O4 can be achieved under the following conditions: X1 (magnetite synthesis time, min)–40; X2 (glucose content in solution,%)–10; X3 (temperature of the Tollens reaction, °С)–65; X4 (magnetite silver coating time, min)–30; X5 (pH, units)–8.5; X6 (rate of addition of ammonia, mol/min)–0.36.
Conclusion: Using mathematical design of the experiment, a technology was developed for producing Ag@Fe3O4 with modern physicochemical and therapeutic requirements.