bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RISK FACTORS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Pillai Arjun S. , Nayanar Arjun , Chopra Arushi , Suresh Avinash , Shaffi Chilsia , Harikrishnan Kiran , Kundapur Rashmi , K. Ravi ,   Apoorva,   Balika
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Introduction: Alcoholism is the recent trend among college students. Peer pressure,stress,depression are some factors that drive these students to practice this social evil. Under intoxication,consequences are grave. Drunk and driving, road traffic accidents, legal issues, antisocial activities are some of them, that has proved alcoholism a public menace.
Objective: To assess the risk factors and consequences of alcohol consumption among adolescents.
Materials and Methods: A survey was carried out in the colleges under NITTE University. Students present at the day and time of visit were covered. A questionnaire was prepared comprising of a set of 14 questions covering the main objective of the survey. The students were asked to fill the questionnaire irrespective of their gender or whether they consume alcohol or not.
Results: From the survey, we found that social gatherings and lifestyle adaptation are major factors that prompt students to consume alcohol. Peer pressure,stress and parents influence are other factors.The consequences observed are legal issues and family problems. But majority didn't seem to face any grave problems due to alcohol intoxication.
Conclusions: According to our study, more than 55% of the subjects that consume alcohol do so due to peer pressure, academic stress and emotional stress. Also, more than quarter of those consuming alcohol are involved in road traffic accidents and other legal issues, as well as having familial problems.
QUANTITY AND PREVALENCE WITH GENDER COMPARISON FOR ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Azeez Abdul , Faizal Ahamed , Ranjan Amrish , R. Anjana , C. Anjuna K. , S. Anupam , M. Aparna , Kundapur Rashmi , Raj Harsha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Introduction: Alcoholism is the recent trend among college students. Various studies conducted in India as well as in the West show clear indications of increasing prevalence of alcohol consumption among youngsters. Studies conducted abroad also revealed that the gap between males and females consuming alcohol is narrowing
Objective: Our study was aimed at measuring the prevalence of alcohol consumption among college students and analyzing its variation with respect to gender.
Materials and Methods: A survey was carried out in the colleges under NITTE University. Students present at the day and time of visit were covered. A questionnaire was prepared comprising of a set of 14 questions covering the main objective of the survey. The students were asked to fill the questionnaire irrespective of their gender or whether they consume alcohol or not.
Results: We have conducted our survey in 1150 college students.713 females and 337 males participated in the survey. Out of 1150 students, 304(26.4%) consumes alcohol.167 (54.9%) were males and 137 (45.1%) were females. Most of them were social drinkers . Majority of them consumed 2-3 drinks in one sitting. Tendency of binge drinking is high.
Conclusions: The prevalence of alcohol consumption comes up to a quarter of the total population surveyed most of them being social drinkers with males outnumbering females but with a visible reduction in the observed gap.. A survey was conducted among students of 3 colleges to acquire the necessary data which were analyzed to form the conclusions.
ORAL HEALTH STATUS DURING PREGNANCY IN MANGALORE
Authors: Amin Reshma , Shetty Pushparaja 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Aim: To assess the oral health status of pregnant and non-pregnant women in the age group of 18 to 35 years in Mangalore.
Materials and Methods: The oral health status of 153 pregnant and 168 non-pregnant women in the designated age group who presented at the outpatient department of a private hospital in Mangalore over a period of 6 months (june 2011-November 2011) was evaluated by various indices including the oral hygiene simplified index (OHI-S), decayed, missing, filled, teeth Index (DMFT) periodontal Index by Russell (PI)
Results: The frequency of occurrence of dental caries in pregnant women was not significantly different from (p=0.659) from that in non-pregnant women, however the OHI-S value (1.031±0.998) was significantly higher (p<.001) in pregnant women than that (0.592±0.464) in non-pregnant women. Similarly the periodontal index tended to be significantly higher (P<0.001) in pregnant women (0.737±0.476) than that in non-pregnant women (0.378±0.401)
Conclusion: Indices of oral health tended to be higher in pregnant than in non-pregnant women, suggesting a poorer oral health status in pregnancy in this setting.
Two-Stage Exchange Using a Short Intramedullary Nail for Treatment of Periprosthetic Knee Infections: A Technique Worth Questioning
Authors: Mohamed Nequesha S. , Etcheson Jennifer I. , Wilkie Wayne A. , Remily Ethan A. , Kluk Matthew W. , Thompson John , Plate Johannes F. , Mont Michael A. , Delanois Ronald E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are serious orthopaedic complications that pose marked burdens to both patients and health care systems. At our institution, two-stage exchange with a temporary short antibiotic cement-coated intramedullary nail was utilized for the treatment of repeat PJIs in a series of compromised patients with considerable bone loss. This study reports on (1) success rates, (2) functional and pain outcomes, (3) and complications for patients receiving a temporary short intramedullary nail for the treatment of PJI. Our institutional database was queried for all repeat knee PJI patients between March 1st, 2009 and February 28th, 2015. Patients with type II/III Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute (AORI) bone defects who underwent two-stage exchange arthroplasty with a short antibiotic-coated intramedullary nail were included for analysis (n = 31). Treatment success was determined using the Delphi-based consensus definition of a successfully treated PJI: infection eradication (healed wound with no recurrence of infection by the same organism), no further surgical intervention for infection after reimplantation, and no PJI-related mortality. A paired t-test was performed to assess for continuous variables. A total of 26 patients went on to reimplantation, while 5 patients retained the intramedullary nail. Overall treatment success was 74.2%. Range of motion significantly decreased postoperatively (102.1 vs. 87.3 degrees; p < 0.001), while Knee Society Scores (function) significantly increased (55.6 vs. 77.7, p < 0.001). A majority of patients were full weight-bearing immediately following surgery (38.7%). Treating poor health status patients with PJI of the knee can be difficult after multiple revisions. With a success rate similar to conventional methods, our results demonstrate that two-stage exchange with a temporary short intramedullary nail may be a desirable treatment option for patients with bony defects wishing to avoid amputation or permanent arthrodesis. However, this method does not outperform other treatment modalities, and may not be suitable for all patients. Patient expectations and health status should be carefully assessed to determine if this procedure is appropriate in this complex patient population.
Evidence and Considerations on Treatment of Small Size Merkel Cell Head and Neck Carcinoma
Authors: Kotelnikova Elena Festa , Laus Melissa , Croce Adelchi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine malignant cancer. It is an epidermal cancer common in the head and neck.
Objectives Though there is limited number of cases described in the literature for the treatment difficult to obtain. Our purpose was to present the clinical course and treatment of four patients with MCC.
Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis and obtained detailed clinical information for all 4 patients treated for MCC at the ENT Department of the SS Annunziata Hospital in Chieti, Italy, from 2013 through 2015.
Results In our study, two patients presented with the tumor in a rare site (lower eyelid). All of the patients underwent surgical treatment: three patients had free excision margins and negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) while 1 patient had free excision margins and positive SLNs. The latter patient underwent ipsilateral neck dissection. In another patient, the fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission topography (FDG PET)/computed tomography (CT) performed 6 months after the surgery has shown high metabolic activity in the left parotid gland, and the patient underwent total parotidectomy and a neck dissection.
Conclusion Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a useful technique in small size MCCs of the head and neck. However, the parotid gland should be strictly controlled in patients with lower eyelid tumors.
Surgical Management of Retraction Pockets: Does Mastoidectomy have a Role?
Authors: Dispenza Francesco , Mistretta Antonina , Gullo Federico , Riggio Francesco , Martines Francesco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction Retraction pocket is a condition in which the eardrum lies deeper within the middle ear. Its management has no consensus in literature.
Objective To assess the role of mastoidectomy in the management of retraction pockets added to a tympanoplasty.
Methods Prospective study of patients with retraction pocket and referred to surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: one managed with tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy and the other group with tympanoplasty only. The minimum follow-up considered was 12 months. The outcomes were: integrity of eardrum, recurrence, and hearing status.
Results This study included 43 patients. In 24 cases retraction occurred in the posterior half of the eardrum, and in 19 patients there was clinical evidence of ossicular interruption. The two groups of treatment were composed by: 21 patients that underwent tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy and 22 patients had only tympanoplasty. One case of the first group had a recurrence. In 32 cases patients follow up was longer than 48 months. The average air-bone gap changed from 22.1 dB to 5 dB. The percentage of air-bone gap improvement was assessed at 60% in those patients treated with mastoidectomy, and 64.3% in those without it (p > 0.5).
Conclusion Tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty should be considered to treat atelectatic middle ear and ossicular chain interruption. Mastoidectomy as a way to increase air volume in the ear seems to be a paradox; it does not add favorable prognostic factor to management of retraction pockets.
Comparative Evaluation of Oral Health Status in Healthy Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tulumbacı Fatih , Korkut Emre , Özer Hazal 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is regarded a severe neuropsychiatric disorder. The objective of this study was to compare the status of the oral health between children with and without ASDs.Methods A total of 95 children (44 with ASD and 51 without ASD) were included. dmft/DMFT (d/D: decay; m/M: missing; f/F: filling; t/T: teeth) scores and plaque data of all participants were recorded. Saliva Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli load were determined using CRT bacteria.Results Streptococcus mutans load was >105 CFU in 54.5% of the ASD group and 43.1% in the non-ASD group. Lactobacilli load was >105 CFU in 47.70% of the ASD group and 49.0% in the non-ASD group. There was no statistically significant difference in the S. mutans or lactobacilli loads between the ASD and non-ASD groups. A total of 83.1% of the ASD group had caries, with dmft = 3.25 and DMFT = 5.10. In the non-ASD group, 81.10% of patients had caries, with dmft = 3.10 and DMFT = 4.90; 38.6% of the ASD group and 29.4% of the non-ASD group had no clinical signs of periodontal disease.Conclusion The examination of the amount of saliva S. mutans and lactobacilli at intervals with these patients will provide quantitative data to evaluate the effectiveness of oral health care.
Effect of Manipulation under Anesthesia of the First Knee in Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty on Clinical Outcome and Satisfaction
Authors: Lim Jung-Won , Park Yong-Beom , Lee Dong-Hoon , Lee Han-Jun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate whether manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) affect clinical outcome including range of motion (ROM) and patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It is hypothesized that MUA improves clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction after primary TKA. This retrospective study analyzed 97 patients who underwent staged bilateral primary TKA. MUA of knee flexion more than 120 degrees was performed a week after index surgery just before operation of the opposite site. The first knees with MUA were classified as the MUA group and the second knees without MUA as the control group. ROM, Knee Society Knee Score, Knee Society Functional Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score, and patient satisfaction were assessed. Postoperative flexion was significantly greater in the MUA group during 6 months follow-up (6 weeks: 111.6 vs. 99.8 degrees, p < 0.001; 3 months: 115.9 vs. 110.2 degrees, p = 0.001; 6 months: 120.2 vs. 117.0 degrees, p = 0.019). Clinical outcomes also showed similar results with knee flexion during 2 years follow-up. Patient satisfaction was significantly high in the MUA group during 12 months (3 months: 80.2 vs. 71.5, p < 0.001; 6 months: 85.8 vs. 79.8, p < 0.001; 12 months: 86.1 vs. 83.9, p < 0.001; 24 months: 86.6 vs. 85.5, p = 0.013). MUA yielded improvement of clinical outcomes including ROM, and patient satisfaction, especially in the early period after TKA. MUA in the first knee could be taken into account to obtain early recovery and to improve patient satisfaction in staged bilateral TKA.
Land and building separation based on Shapley values
Authors: Özdilek Ünsal 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe total value apportionment between land and building components remains an international issue both in theory and in practice. There are several concepts and methods of value separation, each leading to approximate estimations and therefore to divergent opinions about their reliability. In this paper, we present an alternative method of value apportionment based on Shapley’s scheme of values, well recognized in the coalitional game theory. The practicality of this method is verified using observed prices of 14,715 residential properties sold during the year 2019 over all the 27 districts in Montreal (Canada). This unique data comes with detailed information about the essential attributes of the land and the building components. The empirical results of the method presented in this work are in line with practical expectations of total and separate values, either taken case-by-case or in aggregation per district. They are indeed encouraging when compared to the results of two other independent methods (i.e., the city evaluations and the OLS predictions) for the same properties. The results are interesting not only regarding the separation of value but also in several other related aspects. For instance, land values are often close to or even higher than the building values. This shows a phenomenon of building depreciation and land value appreciation. Some districts seem to favor the quality of the building, others being influenced by the location and quality of the land. Interestingly, in contrast to what is believed in practice, a good quality parcel of land does not necessarily have a good quality building according to the results.
Un essai d’histoire comparée de la grammatisation des langues
romanes
Authors: Fournier Jean-Marie 
Published: April 2020

Résumé
Cet article propose l’étude des connexions observables
entre plusieurs traditions grammaticales nationales dans le
traitement de la morphosyntaxe des noms de masse et de la
détermination partitive à travers un corpus de grammaires
italiennes, espagnoles, portugaises et françaises. Il décrit en
particulier la circulation de quelques-uns des noyaux de
théorisation attachés à ce champ de problèmes dans les grammaires
des langues romanes: l’anomalie des noms qui n’ont pas de pluriel,
la conceptualisation de la catégorie de l’article partitif, la
syntaxe de certains quantifieurs (par exemple mucho
et poco). Les grammairiens affrontent alors des
problèmes de description qui tiennent à la fois au fait que les
phénomènes sont en cours de grammaticalisation au cours de la
période et que leurs solutions ne sont pas données dans le
référentiel théorique mobilisé par la grammaire latine
étendue.
La phrase grammaticale moderne
Authors: Gautier Antoine , Raby Valérie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Since the 1970’s, history of linguistics has been called
upon to locate the sources of a deceptively familiar notion: the
grammatical sentence. In this paper, we first
review the main hypotheses regarding the birth act of the notion, we
then question the relationship between two moments that seem crucial
to the development of sentence in French grammatical culture: Urbain
Domergue’s reform of the syntactic analysis, and the new school
grammar that is set up at the beginning of the 20th century.
L’homme dans la langue
Authors: De Palo Marina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to propose some considerations about the
European Saussurean tradition focusing on the relation between man
and language. It will be argued that, against the current
interpretation of Saussure as a promoter of the linguistique
de la langue, his notes on the speaker’s judgement
about the language and on metalanguage, show a very complex thought.
This fact finds important developments in Karl Bühler’s and Émile
Benveniste’s theories and in their connections with Hendrik J. Pos’
and Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology.
The history of language learning and teaching (HoLLT) in the
history of linguistics
Authors: McLelland Nicola 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Fifty years after two of the first overviews of the
history of language teaching (Titone 1968, Kelly
1969), this paper highlights the value of the history of language learning and teaching (HoLLT) to the history of
linguistics, from three perspectives: (1) theoretical and descriptive
insights; (2) insights into practice (e.g. changing conceptions and
articulations of what it means to learn a language, reflecting
changing language ideologies); and (3) making space in the history of
linguistics for “history from below” – in particular as learning and
teaching of languages, offered a space for females’ participation in
and visibility in linguistic matters.
Processes of language codification
Authors: Takahashi Hideaki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In order to establish a standard variety of language, its norms are more often than not codified in a linguistic code such as in a dictionary of orthography, pronunciation and so on. In this study, codification processes of standard varieties of German pronunciation will be explored by means of the author’s Language Codification Cycle Theory (LCCT). This theory focuses on the management of standard varieties of a language through the codification and realization of certain linguistic forms of model speakers or writers in formal settings. This chapter will illuminate the processes of management underlying standard varieties, categorize the managed linguistic forms and consider their validity in formal settings in German-speaking countries. LCCT can be applied to the analysis and clarification of the processes of language standardization in terms of codification at any level of language structure, such as pronunciation and orthography. Making use of this, we can analyze the interrelation of management at the macro and micro levels, which is one of the important topics in Language Management Theory (LMT).
The bridging role of the researcher between different levels of language management
Authors: Kimura Goro Christoph 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the socially oriented activities of the researcher of language management in order to clarify what kind of role these activities can play as part of the overall language management processes that are researched. A research project on interlingual communication at the German-Polish border is analyzed as a case study. The focus is on the process of how the researcher tries to transfer findings from research on micro-level situations to various macro-level decision makers and stakeholders. The consideration of the unique potential of the researcher to bridge different levels suggests that the public engagement of researchers should be recognized as an integral part of application-oriented language management research.
Obtaining of the drying time of a vertical cylindrical tank
Authors: Shablovskiy A , Bilenko I , Chadin V , Budarin I , Makhlaeva A , Sivova A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The work is devoted to the finding of the formula for calculating the drying time of a vertical cylindrical tank. The structure, applications and main types of this vertical tank and its advantages in comparison to the horizontal tank are described. The figuring out of the formula is based on the method of solving a differential equation of first order for pump capacity (performance), a time-dependent operation of the pump and liquid volume, depending on the height of the decreasing liquid.
Review of two-line hydraulic drive research
Authors: Nikitin O , Zhang He Xuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article provides a brief overview of literary sources from the PRC on the study of a hydraulic drive with two-line control. This hydraulic drive is a new electro-hydraulic system for regulating the flow of a positive displacement pump, developed on the basis of control systems for the electric motor and the volumetric displacement of an adjustable positive displacement pump. The hydraulic drive has two lines of control variables: the rotational speed of the drive motor shaft and the adjustable displacement of the pump. The composite function of the two control lines allows you to create a hydraulic actuator with high efficiency and operating speed. An advanced hydraulic drive with two-line control increases the overall natural frequency of the entire system.
Justification of the concept of creating a perspective dump truck
Authors: Kartashov A , Harutyunyan G , Kosolapov A , Shkarupelov E 
Published: April 2020

Annotation
The article carried out a deep technical and economic analysis of existing samples of quarry vehicles. The modern technical level of the mining industry is determined by performing a patent search and review of literature on this topic. The main problems associated with the operation of mining vehicles in mining are considered. The basic requirements for the development of a perspective dump truck have been formed.
Conceptual features of improving the flow-through parts of gas separators of submersible electric pumps systems f for the production of formation fluid in order to improve the separating properties, energy efficiency and reliability
Authors: Trulev A , Timushev S , Lomakin V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article analyzes the design of the power part of gas separators of various manufacturers, reveals the causes of backflows, which can lead to hydro-abrasive wear of the elements of the flow-through part, reduction of the separation properties as a result of the gas-liquid mixture flow dispersion, and decrease of pressure gradient in the separation chamber. A mathematical model was selected, hydrodynamic calculations of design options and upgrading were carried out, and animproved flow part of the separator was developed. Bench tests were conducted to confirm the improved parameter of the product.