bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On-farm management and participatory evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) diversity across the agro-ecological zones of Benin Republic
Authors: KINHOEGBE Géofroy , Djèdatin Gustave , Loko Laura Estelle Yêyinou , Favi Abraham Gnimassou , Adomou Aristide , Agbangla Clément , Dansi Alexandre 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Pigeonpea is a multipurpose food legume that contributes to food security in Benin. However, its production declined and some landraces are being threatened of disappearance. Previous investigations on pigeonpea in Benin have been restricted to South and Central Benin. Therefore, pigeonpea diversity in northern is still unknown. This study aimed to have a better knowledge of pigeonpea genetic diversity, for its promotion and valorization.Methods: 500 producers of pigeonpea belonging to thirteen sociolinguistic groups were selected through 50 villages. Data were collected using methods and tools of participatory research appraisal. Folk nomenclatures, taxonomy of pigeonpea and seed system were investigated. The distribution and extent of pigeonpea landraces were evaluated using Four Square Analysis method. A comparative analysis of pigeonpea uses categories, production systems, pigeonpea production constraints, famers’ preference criteria and participative evaluation for existing landraces across agro-ecological zones was done.Result: Folk nomenclature and taxonomy were mainly based on seed coat colour and size colour. Seven pigeonpea uses category were recorded including sacrifice, grain processing and fertilization. The results showed that pigeonpea seed system is informal. Based on seed characteristics, fifteen landraces were recorded with seven new landraces. A high rate of landraces threatened of disappearance was observed across the ecological zones. Ten constraints are known affecting pigeonpea production in Benin with pests and diseases as the most important in all agro-ecological zones. This study revealed that pigeonpea cultivation is increasing in the Sudanian zone. Landraces to be produced must be selected on the basis of 11 criteria among them precocity and resistance to pests and diseases, in the three ecological zones and adaptability to any type of soil in the Sudanian zone were the most important. The participatory evaluation revealed the existence of a few performing landraces.Conclusions: The development of performing varieties is important to enhance pigeonpea production in Benin. Morphological and molecular characterizations of identified landrace are highly recommended to help select suitable varieties for breeding programs. In situ and ex situ conservation strategies are important to preserve landraces threatened of disappearance.
Melatonin regulates the neurotransmitter secretion disorder induced by caffeine through the gut-brain axis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Peng Qiannan , Zhang Zeng , Huo Dongxue , Jiang Shuaiming , Ma Chenchen , Chang Haibo , Reiter Russel , Shi Haitao , Zhang Jiachao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Melatonin has been widely used as a "probiotic agent" capable of producing strong neurotransmitter secretion regulatory effects. In the present study, a zebrafish neural hyperactivity model was established using caffeine induction, and the regulation and mechanism of melatonin and probiotic on zebrafish neurotransmitter secretion disorder were explored. Results : Disorders of brain neurotransmitter secretion caused by caffeine, including that of dopamine (DA), γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-GABA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), were improved after interference treatment with melatonin or the probiotic. Metagenomic sequencing demonstrated that the melatonin-treated zebrafish gradually restored their normal intestinal microbial structure, while probiotic supplementation may restructure a new microbiome. Additionally, supplementation with melatonin significantly regulated intestinal microbial functional features. Based on this activity, we supposed that gut microbes play an essential role in the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion disorder via a process that involves melatonin. Germ-free (GF) zebrafish were used to verify the hypotheses. Validation experiment results revealed that the effect on the zebrafish in the GF group could not achieve that on the zebrafish in the melatonin group after adding the same dose of melatonin, and subsequent real-time PCR and metabolic pathway analysis confirmed the conclusion. Meanwhile, the content of acetic acid and propionic acid in the zebrafish gut decreased after caffeine induction and increased significantly after melatonin treatment. Conclusions : In the present research, we identified the potential mechanism of melatonin regulation of neurotransmitter secretion disorder through the gut-brain axis, laying a foundation for exploring the prevention and treatment of some neuropsychiatric disorders by improving the intestinal microbiota.
Opportunistic detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a marker for the early gut microbial dysbiosis
Authors: Huh Ji-Won , Roh Tae-Young 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal microbiome has a great impact on human health and diseases. Fusobacterium nucleatum , an oral resident gram-negative microorganism, has been reported to differentially prevail in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the effect of its enrichment was not clearly explored in terms of microbial homeostasis and stability at the early stage of disease development. Result Our analysis on longitudinal metagenomic data generated by the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) showed that F. nucleatum significantly proliferated in IBD subjects with decrease in microbial diversity. Using non-parametric LDA effect size (LEfSe) algorithm, 12 IBD- and 14 non-IBD-specific marker species were identified. IBD-specific marker species were found more in the F. nucleatum -experienced subjects than in not-experienced ones. In addition, F. nucleatum experience severely abrogated intra-personal stability of microbiome in IBD patients and induced highly variable gut microenvironment. From the longitudinal comparison between prior and posterior distributions to F. nucleatum detection, 41 species could be regarded as indicative “classifiers” of dysbiotic state. Multiple logistic regression models were built to predict the probability experiencing F. nucleatum and showed that the high probability at the points following F. nucleatum observation was significantly associated with microbial dysbiosis. Finally, clustering all detected microbes based on the longitudinal distribution revealed that marker species for IBD and non-IBD conditions as well as pre-documented signature biomarkers of CRC were well distinguishable and could be utilized for explaining gut symbiosis and dysbiosis. Conclusion F. nucleatum opportunistically appeared under early gut dysbiosis, and a group of discriminative marker species associated with F. nucleatum , screened from the longitudinal analysis of microbial changes, was successfully applied to predict early microbiota alterations in both IBD and non-IBD conditions. Our prediction model and development of microbial biomarkers for estimating gut dysbiosis should provide a novel aspect of microbial homeostasis/dynamics and useful information on non-invasive biomarker screening.
Effect of flavophospholipol on fecal microbiota in weaned pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Nair Saranya , Farzan Vahab , Weese J Scott , Poljak Zvonimir , Friendship Robert M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The heightened prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium in nursery pigs remains a public health and food safety concern. Studies have reported antibiotic, flavophospholipol, may have the ability to reduce Salmonella in swine, as well as alter the gut microbiota in favour of beneficial bacteria by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the fecal microbiota of weaned pigs receiving in-feed flavophospholipol and challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Results Twenty-one weaned pigs were fed either a diet containing 4 ppm of flavophospholipol (treatment group) or a non-medicated feed (control group) for 36 days post-weaning (Day 1 to Day 36). The pigs were orally challenged with a 2 mL dose of 10 8 CFU/mL of S. Typhimurium at Day 7 and Day 8. Community bacterial DNA extracted from fecal samples collected at Day 6 (before challenge) and Day 36 (28 days after challenge) were used to assess the fecal microbiota using the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene with Illumina MiSeq next-generation sequencing. Sequencing data were visualized using mothur, and analyzed in JMP and R. The fecal microbiota of pigs in treatment group had significant differences in abundance of phyla (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria) and genera ( Lactobacillus, Roseburia , Treponema, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Blautia , Streptococcus , Megasphaera , Dorea , Sporobacter , Peptococcus , unclassified Firmicutes, Clostridium IV and Campylobacter) when compared to pigs that controls 28 days after challenge with Salmonella ( P <0.05). Specifically, results demonstrated a significant increase in phylum Proteobacteria ( P= 0.001) and decrease in Firmicutes ( P =0.012) and genus Roseburia ( P =0.003) in the treated pigs suggestive of possible microbial dysbiosis. An increased abundance of genera Treponema ( P =0.012) and Lactobacillus ( P =0.012) was also noted in the treated group in comparison to the control. Conclusion Based on these findings, it is difficult to conclude whether treatment with 4 ppm of flavophospholipol is aiding in reducing Salmonella and promoting favorable indigenous bacteria in the pig microbiota as previous literature has suggested.
Suicide risk within one year of cognitive impairment diagnosis in older adults: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Lee Kang Soo , Han Euna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate suicide risk within one year of receiving a diagnosis of cognitive impairment in older adults without mental disorders. Methods This study used National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort data on older adults with newly diagnosed cognitive impairment including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, other/unspecified dementia, and mild cognitive impairment from 2004 to 2012. We selected 41,195 older adults without cognitive impairment through 1:1 propensity score matching using age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and index year, with follow-up throughout 2013. We eliminated subjects with mental disorders and estimated adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) of suicide deaths within one year after diagnosis using the Cox proportional hazards models. Results We identified 49 suicide deaths during the first year after cognitive impairment diagnosis. The proportion of observed suicide deaths was the highest within one year after cognitive impairment diagnosis (48.5% of total); older adults with cognitive impairment were at a higher suicide risk than those without cognitive impairment (AHR, 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–3.04). Subjects with Alzheimer’s disease and other/unspecified dementia were at greater suicide risk than those without cognitive impairment (AHR, 1.94, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.12–3.38, 1.05–3.58). Suicide risk in female and young-old adults (60–74 years) with cognitive impairment was higher than in the comparison group (AHR, 2.61, 5.13; 95% CI, 1.29–5.28, 1.48–17.82). Conclusions Older patients with cognitive impairment were at increased suicide risk within one year of diagnosis. Early intervention for suicide prevention should be provided to older adults with cognitive impairment.
Long non-coding RNA MEG3 silencing and microRNA-214 restoration elevate osteoprotegerin expression to ameliorate osteoporosis by limiting TXNIP
Authors: Ding Rui , Gu ZhengTao , Yang ChangSheng , Huang CaiQiang , Li QingChu , Xie DengHui , Zhang RongKai , Qiu YiYan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been found to regulate innumerable diseases, yet the role of lncRNA MEG3 in osteoporosis (OP) has rarely been discussed. Here, we intend to probe into the mechanism of MEG3 on OP development by modulating microRNA-214 (miR-214) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)MethodsRat models of OP were established. MEG3, miR-214, and TXNIP mRNA expression in rat femoral tissues was detected, along with TXNIP, PCNA, cyclin D1, OCN, RUNX2, Osteolix, OPG, and PANKL protein expression. Ca, P and ALP contents in rat blood samples were also determined. Primary osteoblasts were isolated and cultured. Viability, COL-I, COL-II and COL-Χ contents, ALP content and activity, and mineralized nodule area of rat osteoblasts in each group were further detected.ResultsMEG3 and TXNIP were overexpressed while miR-214 was underexpressed in femoral tissues of OP rats. MEG3 silencing and miR-214 overexpression increased BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, the number of osteoblasts, collagen area and OPG expression, and downregulated PANKL of femoral tissues in OP rats. MEG3 silencing and miR-214 overexpression elevated Ca and P contents and reduced ALP content in OP rats’ blood, elevated viability, differentiation ability, COL-I and COL-Χ contents and ALP activity, and abated COL-II content of osteoblasts. MEG3 specifically bound to miR-214 to regulate TXNIP.ConclusionCollectively, we demonstrated that MEG3 silencing and miR-214 overexpression promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in OP by downregulating TXNIP, which further improves OP.
Every athlete has a unique trajectory: Knee-related quality of life in young athletes following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Le Christina Y. , Hui Catherine , Emery Carolyn A. , Manns Patricia J. , Whittaker Jackie L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Although the physical, psychological, and social consequences of sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear in young athletes are well documented, little is known about how ACL tears influence health-related quality of life (QOL). This case series describes changes in knee-related QOL over the first 12 months following an ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in young athletes and explores the association between 6-month knee symptoms, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), kinesiophobia, and 12-month knee-related QOL.Methods Twenty young athletes (15-20 years old, 70% female) who underwent primary ACLR were evaluated pre-ACLR (baseline) and post-ACLR at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Knee-related QOL was assessed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) QOL subscale. Knee symptoms (KOOS symptoms subscale), average daily minutes of MVPA (tri-axial accelerometer), and kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia; TSK) were also tracked. Descriptive statistics (median with range, mean with standard deviation, or proportion with 95%CI) were calculated for demographic and outcome variables. Individual changes in KOOS QOL scores over the 12-month study period were compared to minimal clinically important difference, patient acceptable symptoms state, treatment failure, and normative reference values. Associations between 6-month KOOS symptoms, MVPA, TSK, and 12-month KOOS QOL were explored using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ).Results Considerable individual variability in the trajectory of KOOS QOL scores was observed over the study period with 13 (65%) participants achieving clinically important improvements. At 12 months, the median KOOS QOL score was 53 (range 6-100) and only 7 (35%) participants reported acceptable QOL and 4 (20%) exceeded normative reference values. A moderate association was detected between 6-month KOOS symptoms and 12-month KOOS QOL scores (ρ=0.53, p=0.02).ConclusionsThis case series reveals that young athletes experience unique knee-related QOL trajectories in the first 12 months following an ACLR and that deficits in knee-related QOL still exist at 12 months. These findings highlight the individual and dynamic nature of QOL and the importance of considering QOL as an indicator of recovery in injured young athletes.
Upregulation of microRNA-96 alleviates the neurological damage in acute seizure rats by down-regulating RAC1 and inhibiting the activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Jiang Wei , Ren Dabin , Chen Wei , Zheng Ping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective Today, the research about the involvement of non-coding RNAs on neurological disorders is still scarce. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effect of miR-96 targeted RAC1 to mediate RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in neurological damage in acute seizure rats.MethodsThe acute seizure rat model was constructed by using classical chlorinated-pilocarpine injection, which was treated with miR-96 mimics, RAC1-siRNA or their controls. The number of BrdU positive cells, neuronal changes and apoptosis, expression of NGF, BDNF and GFAP were detected by different staining assays. At the same time, the activity of SOD, the content of MDA and the protein contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in rat hippocampus were detected as well. Next, the expression of NGF, BDNF, GFAP, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, RAC1, RhoA and ROCK were determined by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Then, the binding site between miR-96 and RAC1 was analyzed by bioinformatics software and luciferase assay. Finally, the altered expression of miRNAs was investigated in exosomes released from excitotoxic neurons with a customized rat miRNA chipset.Results After upregulation of miR-96 or downregulation RAC1, BrdU-positive cells, TUNEL-positive cells, NGF, GFAP, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, caspase-3, and pathway related proteins in rat hippocampus decreased while Bcl-2, BDNF, and the activity of SOD increased. Furthermore, RAC1 was found to be the target gene of miR-96 and their relationship was validated in in-vitro studies. Finally, the decreased expression of miR-96 in exosomes from kainic acid treated neurons was identified as well.Conclusion This study suggests that upregulation of miR-96 could downregulate RAC1 and inhibit the activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway, thus alleviated the neurological damage in acute seizure rats.
Serum soluble ST2 is a predictor for poor long-term prognosis after transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke: a cohort study
Authors: Tian Xuan , Guo Yinan , Wang Xiao , Pei Lulu , Wang Xin , Wu Jun , Sun Shilei , Li Yusheng , Ning Mingming , Buonanno Ferdinando S. , Xu Yuming , Song Bo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Soluble ST2 (sST2) is a novel inflammation marker for the prediction of adverse outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive value of serum sST2 for prognostic outcomes in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA)/ischemic stroke.Methods Patients within 24 h after symptom onset were prospectively enrolled based on the TIA/ischemic stroke database of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The 1-year prognostic outcomes were composite adverse events (including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death) and a combination of major disability and death [modified Rankin Scale (mRS), 3-6]. Cox proportional hazard and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between serum sST2 and TIA/ischemic stroke prognosis. The C statistic, net reclassiﬁcation index (NRI), and integrated discrimination index (IDI) were used to present improvement in risk classification.Results Serum sST2 levels were positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a significantly different risk in composite adverse events between patients with higher and those with lower levels of sST2 (P=0.006). Serum sST2 was an independent predictor for composite adverse events (HR: 2.517, 95% CI: 1.279-4.956, P=0.008) and major disability or death (OR: 3.126, 95% CI: 1.452-6.728, P=0.004) after multivariate adjustment. The addition of the sST2 to the NIHSS score significantly improved the predictive value for prognostic outcomes in patients with TIA/ischemic stroke (C statistic: 0.021, IDI: 1.91%, P=0.042 for composite adverse events; NRI: 32.82%, P=0.042 for major disability or death).Conclusions Serum sST2 levels were positively associated with the severity of TIA/ischemic stroke and could independently predict composite adverse events and major disability or death, indicating that sST2 may be a potential prognostic marker for TIA/ischemic stroke.
Tumor microenvironmental prognosis analysis and molecular labeling of immune-related genes in Luminal B type breast cancer
Authors: Gan Fengjiao , Hu Kang , Li Xiaomei , Jiang Ni , Wu Qiaoyuan , Li Yi , Xu Mengxi , Sun Suhong , Luo Qing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) cells is one of the important elements, constitute the tumor tissues and in predicting tumor clinical results and treatment effect has the important significance of clinical pathology. However, a detailed map for prognostic landscape of TME in Luminal B breast cancer is still lacking. Methods: ownloaded the expression profile and clinical follow-up information of luminal B breast cancer from TCGA and GEO, and used CIBERSORT to evaluate the infiltration mode of TME in 209 patients, and constructed the molecular subtype of luminal B breast cancer based on TME, further evaluated the relationship between molecular subtype and prognosis. DESeq2 was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes among molecular subtypes of luminal B breast cancer, and cox multivariate regression analysis was used for feature selection to construct TME signature. Results: ased on the median value of TMEscore, the samples were divided into High TMEscore and Low TMEscroe, and the relationship with prognosis, clinical features, immune gene expression and genomic variation was further evaluated. Different TME cells have significant correlation in luminal B breast cancer. These TME cells stratified different clinical results of luminal B breast cancer, and further TMEscore was established by Cox regression analysis. High TME score is associated with poor prognosis. Meanwhile, this study showed that CXCL10, CXCL9, GZMB and other immune activation genes and PDCD1LG2 and other immune checkpoint genes have higher expression levels in high TME score, and the mutation frequency of TP53 gene was lower in risk-H than that in risk-L. Conclusion: In this study, we systematically evaluated the TME infiltration patterns of 209 TCGA luminal B breast cancer patients and developed the TME score approach. It was found that TME score is a powerful prognostic biomarker and predictor of response to immunocheckpoint inhibitors and provides a new strategy for luminal B breast cancer immunotherapy.