bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation-induced damage of the rat intestine after external beam irradiation of the liver.
Authors: Cameron Silke , Schwartz Antonia , Sultan Sadaf , Schaefer Inga-Marie , Rave-Fraenk Margret , Christiansen Hans , Ramadori Giuliano 
Published: March 2020

e21128 Background: Radiotherapy alone or in combination with systemic therapies, is a major tool for local tumor control. Although organ-targeting techniques have greatly been improved over the past years, radiation enteropathy is a dose-limiting factor for effective radiotherapy. The out-of-field effects on the intestine, caused by radiation treatment of a parenchymatous organ, have not previously been studied. Methods: A single dose of 25 Gray was administered percutaneously to the liver of male Wistar rats after a planning CT-scan. Sham-irradiated animals served as controls. At 1, 6, 24, 96 hours, 1.5 and 3 months the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and distal colon were removed, washed and deep-frozen or prepared for paraffin staining. Results: All animals survived the treatment. Epithelial cell damage occurred in all small-intestinal segments. However, prolonged denudation of the villi together with destruction of the crypt lining was only observed in the ileum, which only received scattered radiation. Whilst the intestinal lining in the duodenum and jejunum was restored at the end of the study, in the ileum, tissue regeneration was deficient. In the colon, changes were minor. Immunhistochemical staining showed radiation mucositis with granulocyte (MP0+) infiltration from 1 to 24 hours in the duodenum and jejunum, when ED1+ macrophages, CD3+ T-lymphocytes, and CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells were recruited, accompanied by an increase in the chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP3α and Il-8. In the ileum, early granulocyte infiltration was delayed but continuous. Recruitment of macrophages and lymphocytes was deficient and induction of chemokines as of the adhesion molecules PECAM-1, ICAM-1 was lacking. Conclusions: Post-irradiation damage to the ileum was delayed and followed by an altered repair process with structural changes of the villi. The observed changes might result from a higher sensitivity to oxidative stress mechanisms with subsequent damage of the regenerative capacity of the crypt-villus axis, accompanied by a sustained “inflammatory response” and vascular damage with a lack of regeneratory cell recruitment.
Effects of radiotherapy and substance P on MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2) levels in metastatic breast carcinoma cell lines.
Authors: Korcum Aylin Fidan , Kale Sule , Erin Nuray 
Published: March 2020

e21130 Background: Breast cancer is ranked second among the most common cancers in the world. Radiotherapy (RT) is known to reduce the risk of the recurrence in cancer treatment. Substance P (SP), binds to the Neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor which plays a role in inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis and migration in cancer cells. MIP-2 (Macrophage inflammatory protein 2, IL-8 in human which has been currently understood to play a role in carcinogenesis is an inflammatory CXC chemokine. The aim of this study is to show whether MIP-2 levels alter with RT and whether SP has a role in this alteration. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of SP, NK1 receptor antagonist (NK1 RA) and RT on cell proliferation and MIP-2 secretion in 4T1 cells. 4T1 cells were derived from spontaneously formed breast tumors in Balb-c mice. We have cultured its subsets from metastatic lesions, and we named them as 4THM (heart metastasis), 4TLM (liver metastasis), 4TBM (brain metastasis). Cells were plated as 400-500 cells per well in a 96 well plate containing medium with 5% FBS. After 24-48 hours, cells were applied NK1RA and SP. After 3-4 hours of treatment, the group of RT was irradiated with 45 Gy. The proliferation of the cells was evaluated 48 hours after treatment. This proliferation was evaluated using WST cell proliferation reagent (WST-1, Roche). MIP-2 levels were measured with ELISA. Results: We observed that RT reduced the proliferation of cells in a ratio of 30,2 % in 4T1 cells, 43,9 % in 4THM cells, 44,7 % in 4TLM cells and 34 % in 4TBM cells. 4THM, 4TBM cells have the highest MIP-2 secretion, which was further increased after RT. Also, it was observed that SP, 10-8 M concentration decreased the RT-induced MIP-2 secretion. Conclusions: Increasing MIP-2 secretiondue to RT can precipitate cancer development and SP can be used as a therapeutic aim to prevent such an increase.
The efficacy of axillary ultrasound in the detection of nodal metastasis in breast cancer.
Authors: Lee Belinda , Lim Adrian K. , Krell Jonathan , Satchithananda Keshthra , Lewis Jacqueline S , Coombes R. Charles , Stebbing Justin 
Published: March 2020

e21137 Background: Recent reports indicate a lack of survival benefit for axillary node dissection (ALND) versus sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer. To study this further we assessed the accuracy and effectiveness of ultrasound in detecting axillary nodal involvement in breast cancer patients, aimed at refining and evaluating our current clinical pathways as newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer patients routinely undergo pre-surgical axillary ultrasound. Methods: Ultrasound data were collected from consecutive breast cancer cases over 3 years. Images were reviewed by experienced radiologists and made the following assessments on size, morphology, fatty hilum and cortical thickness of the ipsilateral axillary nodes. The findings were correlated with histology outcomes following ALND. Results: 260 cases were included in the analysis, 113 (43.5%) had evidence of metastatic nodal involvement at final histology. Of these, 59/113 (52.2%) reported positive findings on ultrasonography. The overall positive predictive value of ultrasound for detecting metastatic nodal involvement measured 0.70. The negative predictive value was 0.61. The sensitivity was 52%, specificity measured 78% and the accuracy was 65%. The ultrasound morphological lymph node features with the greatest correlation with malignancy were absence of a fatty hilum (p=0.003) and increased cortical thickness (p=0.03). Cases with a metastatic nodal burden density of a least 20% were more likely to report an abnormal axillary ultrasound. (p=0.009). Conclusions: Axillary ultrasound has a low NPV and negative sonographic results do not exclude axillary node metastases with sufficient sensitivity, to justify its routine clinical use. Clinical pathways need to consider an evidence-based approach, focusing on the criteria by which we select breast cancer patients for axillary nodal dissection.
Expression of tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) in vitro in a canine hemangiosarcoma model of malignant angiogenesis.
Authors: Wypij Jackie M. , Fan Timothy M. , Pondenis Holly 
Published: March 2020

e21145 Background: Expression of tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) in tumor-associated blood vessels presents opportunities for targeted therapy. TEM7 and TEM8 are selectively expressed and are associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients. TEM expression is conserved across species, however species differences do exist as TEM7 is undetectable in murine tumor endothelium. Thus, further investigation of the role of TEMs in malignant angiogenesis is hindered by the lack of optimal animal tumor models. Canine hemangiosarcoma is relevant spontaneous model of malignant angiogenesis based on archetypal cell markers, endothelial functionality, growth factor/receptor expression, and angiogenic gene expression. The aims of this study were to characterize the in vitro expression of TEM7 and TEM8 in canine hemangiosarcoma as a novel model of malignant angiogenesis. Methods: Two canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines were assessed (Den and Fitz). Total RNA was isolated using standard technique, reverse transcribed to cDNA, and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction using degenerate primers specific for human and murine TEM7 transcripts with forward and reverse primers. Protein expression of TEM7 and TEM8 in cell lysates was evaluated via Western blotting and cell surface expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Polyclonal anti-TEM7 and anti-TEM8 antibodies (Sigma-Aldrich) were used with positive and negative controls. Results: Basal in vitro expression of TEM7 mRNA was confirmed in canine hemangiosarcoma, as well as in vitro protein expression of TEM7 and TEM8 via Western blotting and flow cytometry. Conclusions: The validation of TEM expression in canine hemangiosarcoma establishes TEM7 and TEM8 as promising targets for further evaluation in this novel model of malignant angiogenesis, and investigation of TEM-targeting is ongoing. This may represent a novel spontaneous animal tumor model for investigation of tumor vascular targeting.
Spatial and temporal variability of intratumoral 18F-FDG distribution in patients with cancer.
Authors: Bhatt Aashish D. , Li Xiao-Feng , Bhatt Geetika , Kloecker Goetz H. , Sharma Vivek R. , Civelek Ali Cahid 
Published: March 2020

e21149 Background: We previously reported that in mice models, tumor microenvironment is complex and intratumoral 18F-FDG distribution is heterogeneous. There were apparent spatial and temporal intratumoral 18F-FDG distribution changes occurring even within 24-48 hour interval in human cancer cell xenografts grown in nude mice. We hypothesized that what was documented in mice models may also be applicable to human patients with cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the intratumoral spatial and temporal distribution of 18F-FDG in cancer patients. Methods: Five patients who had repeat PET/CT scans within 1-28 days and with no interval therapy were identified. All patients had fasted overnight and had blood glucose level of less than 200 mg/dl. They were injected with 8.0-14.0mCi of 18F-FDG intravenously, and whole body PET/CT scans were performed 60-80 minutes later utilizing a Siemens PET/CT scanner. Each patient’s intratumoral FDG activity distributions were mapped and compared to each other utilizing magnified digital images of the tumors. Results: Intratumoral FDG activity is very heterogeneous. Within the same tumor, there is a wide range of high and low FDG uptake variations. Apparent change in intratumoral FDG distribution was found within as short as a 24 hour interval in the same patient. Although the global tumoral FDG activity and liver FDG activity measured as SUVmaximum and SUVaverage were not significantly different from one PET/CT to another, there were significant spatial changes and variations of the tumor FDG activity between the two PET/CT images. Conclusions: Intratumoral 18F-FDG uptake is very heterogeneous and manifests both temporal and spatial changes within as short as 24 hours even in untreated cancer patients. This should be taken into consideration during FDG PET based therapy decisions, for example in tumor and nodal staging or radiation therapy planning.
Using plasma proteomic analysis for venous thromboembolism risk stratification in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers.
Authors: Itakura Haruka , Holzer Alison K , Hofmann Lawrence V , Tsao Philip S 
Published: March 2020

e21153 Background: Cancer patients represent 15-20% of the estimated 900,000 annual cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the U.S., and thrombotic complications are the second most frequent cause of death in patients with cancer. Currently, no predictors or method exists by which patients with cancer can be accurately risk-stratified for thrombotic risk. Methods: Twenty-four patients with stage III/IV gastrointestinal (GI) cancers were followed for six months for incident VTE in a prospective cohort study. Twenty-nine biomarkers relevant to inflammation and thrombosis were tested for ability to discriminate between age- and sex- matched cancer patients with (n=10) and without incident VTE (n=14). Results: Expression levels of VCAM-1 and MMP-1 were statistically significantly elevated in VTE cases compared with controls in a series of univariate analyses. VCAM-1 remained statistically significant in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: These findings suggest the role of VCAM-1 as a potential predictor of VTE in patients with GI cancers.
Assessment of feasibility and willingness of former heavy smokers to participate in chemoprevention trials to prevent lung cancer.
Authors: Kumar Nagi B. , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Crocker Theresa , Alexandrow Mark , Gray Jhanelle Elaine , Estrella Timothy , Schell Michael J. , Sutton Steve , Haura Eric B. 
Published: March 2020

e21155 Background: Over 50% of new lung cancers occur in former smokers, who often are seeking strategies to reduce their lung cancer risk. However, recruitment and retention of participants in chemoprevention trials continues to be costly and presents unique challenges. Evaluation of feasibility and knowledge of challenges are critical to inform design and ensure accrual in chemoprevention trials.The study assessed interest and willingness of former heavy smokers to participate in a chemoprevention clinical trial using a botanical agent to prevent lung cancer. Methods: An introductory letter and survey instrument that included the goal of the survey, epidemiological and smoking history, acceptability of trial procedures, perception of lung cancer risk and interest in participating in this trial were mailed to 500 consecutive, former heavy smokers with no cancer from a database of 826 subjects at the Moffitt Cancer Center. Results: 202 (40.4%) men and women returned completed surveys. 98% of respondents were over age 60 and 56% had an undergraduate education or higher. The average years smoked was 40.7 (SD 11.9) pack years. 76% believed there was a 50% chance or greater of developing lung cancer. In response to interest and motivation to participate, 92-96% reported interest in receiving free lung exams, health status monitoring and knowing their lung cancer risk. 88% were interested in being a part of a trial to evaluate a botanical agent for lung cancer prevention. Over 92% of subjects reported a willingness to comply with study requirements, multiple blood draws and trips to the Center, spiral CTs and chest x-rays. Subjects were relatively less enthusiastic (73-79%) about undergoing bronchoscopy, taking multiple study agents and possible assignment to a placebo arm. Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests feasibility, highlights potential challenges and the significant interest and willingness of former smokers to participate in chemoprevention trials.
Behavior of circulating tumor cells detected by EGF tagged SERS nanoparticles in head and neck cancer patients.
Authors: Beitler Jonathan Jay , Wang Xu , Qian Ximei , Wang Hong , Chen Zhuo Georgia , Khuri Fadlo Raja , Nie Shuming , Shin Dong M 
Published: March 2020

e21161 Background: Quantification of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) is becoming central to the management of metastatic breast, colorectal and prostate cancers and the potential to improve management of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients is very high. Our group has published our experience with nanotechnology, highly specific, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor(EGFR) ligands to identify 7-720 CTCs/ml in 19 samples from HNSCC patients[1]. Our goal here is to understand the clinical behavior of CTCs in HNSCC for selected patients whom we believe our single channel assay has been accurate. Methods: Our methods for detection of CTCs using EGFR ligands have been previously described[1]. After comparing CTCs in 116 patient samples with and without gross disease, we examined 8 patients with decreasing sequential single channel assays of CTCs and no evidence of disease at last follow-up. Results: For 56 samples from patients with no gross disease, the mean CTC was 94/ml. For 61 samples from patients with gross disease the mean CTC was 193/ml (p=0.002). Among our 4 samples where we had initial disease and a non-zero, no evidence of disease, second sample, the absolute and percentage decrease per month in CTC was 121/ml/month(range 43-160) and 17%/month(range 11-25%). The decrease of 121 CTC/ml/month correlated well with 5 out of 6 other data sets. Conclusions: Targeting of EGFR for detection of CTCs in HNSCC patients appears very promising. Among +EGFR HNSCC patients who appear cured, the average decrease in CTC per ml was 121 per month and 17% per month. To further enhance the sensitivity and specificity of detection of CTCs, we are developing 3 SERS nanoparticles (multiplexed SERS) to target specific and distinct targets on the CTC surface while still maintaining a single tube assay system. 1. Wang, X., et al., Detection of circulating tumor cells in human peripheral blood using surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles. Cancer Research, 2011. 71(5): p. 1526-32.
Bevacizumab (Bev) with or without erlotinib as maintenance therapy, following induction first-line chemotherapy plus Bev, in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Efficacy and safety results of the international GERCOR DREAM phase III trial.
Authors: Tournigand Christophe , Samson Benoit , Scheithauer Werner , Lledo Gérard , Viret Frédéric , Andre Thierry , Ramée Jean François , Tubiana-Mathieu Nicole , Dauba Jérôme , Dupuis Olivier , Rinaldi Yves , Mabro May , Aucoin Nathalie , Khalil Ahmed , Latreille Jean , Louvet Christophe , Brusquant David , Bonnetain Franck , Chibaudel Benoist , De Gramont Aimery ,   GERCOR
Published: March 2020

LBA3500^ The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Sunday, June 3, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Sunday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Phase III randomized trial of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with FOLFOX or cisplatin and fluorouracil in esophageal cancer (EC): Final results of the PRODIGE 5/ACCORD 17 trial.
Authors: Conroy Thierry , Galais Marie-Pierre , Raoul Jean Luc , Bouche Olivier , Gourgou-Bourgade Sophie , Douillard Jean-Yves , Etienne Pierre-Luc , Boige Valérie , Martel-Lafay Isabelle , Michel Pierre , Llacer-Moscardo Carmen , Berille Jocelyne , Bedenne Laurent , Adenis Antoine ,   UNICANCER-GI/FFCD PRODIGE Intergroup
Published: March 2020

LBA4003 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June 2, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Saturday edition of ASCO Daily News.
AURELIA: A randomized phase III trial evaluating bevacizumab (BEV) plus chemotherapy (CT) for platinum (PT)-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (OC).
Authors: Pujade-Lauraine Eric , Hilpert Felix , Weber Béatrice , Reuss Alexander , Poveda Andres , Kristensen Gunnar , Sorio Roberto , Vergote Ignace B. , Witteveen Petronella , Bamias Aristotelis , Pereira Deolinda , Wimberger Pauline , Oaknin Ana , Mirza Mansoor Raza , Follana Philippe , Bollag David T. , Ray-Coquard Isabelle ,   AURELIA Investigators
Published: March 2020

LBA5002^ The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June 2, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Saturday edition of ASCO Daily News.
LUX-Lung 3: A randomized, open-label, phase III study of afatinib versus pemetrexed and cisplatin as first-line treatment for patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung harboring EGFR-activating mutations.
Authors: Yang James Chih-Hsin , Schuler Martin H. , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , O'Byrne Kenneth John , Hirsh Vera , Mok Tony , Geater Sarayut Lucien , Orlov Sergey V , Tsai Chun-Ming , Boyer Michael J. , Su Wu-Chou , Bennouna Jaafar , Kato Terufumi , Gorbunova Vera , Lee Ki Hyeong , Shah Riyaz N.H. , Massey Dan , Lorence Robert M. , Shahidi Mehdi , Sequist Lecia V. 
Published: March 2020

LBA7500 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Monday, June 4, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Monday edition of ASCO Daily News.
PARAMOUNT: Final overall survival (OS) results of the phase III study of maintenance pemetrexed (pem) plus best supportive care (BSC) versus placebo (plb) plus BSC immediately following induction treatment with pem plus cisplatin (cis) for advanced nonsquamous (NS) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Paz-Ares Luis , De Marinis Filippo , Dediu Mircea , Thomas Michael , Pujol Jean-Louis , Bidoli Paolo , Molinier Oliver , Sahoo Tarini Prasad , Laack Eckart , Reck Martin , Corral Jaime Jesus , Melemed Symantha , John William J. , Chouaki Nadia , Zimmermann Annamaria , Visseren-Grul Carla , Gridelli Cesare 
Published: March 2020

LBA7507 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Monday, June 4, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Monday edition of ASCO Daily News.
ABT-888 (veliparib) in combination with weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel in advanced solid tumors.
Authors: Rios-Perez Jorge Arturo , Beumer Jan H. , Appleman Leonard Joseph , Tawbi Hussein Abdul-Hassan , Chu Edward , Stoller Ronald G. , Belani Chandra Prakash , Jiang Yixing , Sobol Robert W. , Shepherd Stacie Peacock , Giranda Vincent L. , Chen Alice P. , Huggins-Puhalla Shannon Leigh 
Published: March 2020

TPS1138 Background: The combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin is widely used for the treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors of diverse histologies. In breast cancer patients, a weekly regimen of paclitaxel has shown greater efficacy with comparable safety, when compared to every-three-weeks dosing (ECOG 1199). ABT-888 (veliparib) is an oral inhibitor of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Inhibition of PARP has been shown in preclinical studies to potentiate the effect of cytotoxic agents which induce DNA damage, such as platinum agents. The preclinical synergy of carboplatin with veliparib and the efficacy of the combination of paclitaxel with carboplatin supports exploration of this triplet regimen. Methods: This 3+3 phase I trial will seek to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination of carboplatin (AUC 2), paclitaxel (80 mg/m2), and veliparib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Veliparib will be escalated beginning at 50 mg PO BID to a maximum of 200mg PO BID. Treatment will be given on a weekly basis over a 21-day cycle. There will be an expansion cohort of 6-12 patients with triple negative breast cancer at the maximum tolerated dose. This group of patients will undergo mandatory pre- and post-cycle 1 tumor biopsies. Secondary aims of the study include safety and toxicity of the combination, its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects, documentation of any anti-tumor response, and assessment of the characteristics of the tumor specimens obtained in the expansion cohort that may contribute to efficacy. The latter will include whole genome microarray analysis to evaluate expression of genes involved in DNA repair pathways. Currently, the recommended phase II dose has not been determined and enrollment is ongoing on the last planned dose level (veliparib 200 mg BID).