bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining qualitative research with PPI: reflections on using the person-based approach for developing behavioural interventions
Authors: Muller Ingrid , Santer Miriam , Morrison Leanne , Morton Kate , Roberts Amanda , Rice Cathy , Williams Marney , Yardley Lucy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
The value and importance of qualitative research and Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) for developing complex health interventions is widely recognised. However, there is often confusion between the two, with researchers relying on just one of these approaches, rather than using the two alongside one another.

Methods
The Person-Based Approach (PBA) to developing health-related behaviour change interventions adapts and integrates methods from user-centred design and qualitative research. The PBA involves qualitative research at multiple stages of interventions to ensure they are acceptable, feasible, meaningful, and optimally engaging to the people who will use them. The qualitative research is carried out with research participants from a target population, who have no prior or continuing involvement in the wider research process and see the intervention from a fresh perspective. This enables in-depth understanding of the views and experiences of a wide range of target users and the contexts within which they engage with behavioural change.
PPI in research is carried out with or by members of the public and is a key part of the research process. PPI contributors are involved at all stages of research design and interpretation. PPI provides input into interventions as members of the research team alongside other stakeholders, such as health professionals and behaviour change experts.

Results
We advocate using qualitative research alongside PPI at all stages of intervention planning, development, and evaluation. We illustrate this with examples from recent projects developing complex health interventions, highlighting examples where PPI and PBA have pulled in different directions and how we have approached this, how PPI have helped optimise interventions based on PBA feedback, and how we have engaged PPI in community settings.

Conclusions
PPI provides a valuable alternative to the traditional researcher-led approaches, which can be poorly matched to the needs of target users. Combining PPI with the PBA can help to create optimally engaging interventions by incorporating a greater diversity of feedback than would have been possible to achieve through PPI or qualitative approaches alone.
Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Kang Jun-Yun , Ha Heon-Young , Kim Sung-Dae , Park Jun Young , Jang Min-Ho , Lee Tae-Ho 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs more W replaced Mo in alumina-forming austenitic stainless steels, weight gain by oxidation decreased after 336 h at 1053 K. Electron microscopy revealed slower growth of scale in the presence of more numerous second phases by W addition. The retardation of oxidation was attributed to the necessary partitioning of W in front of the metal-oxide interface. The W-rich second phases interacted with growing oxides and finally transformed to fine particles of metallic W alloy within the scale.
One-step synthesis of Pt/a-CoOx core/shell nanocomposites
Authors: Kim Daewoon , Kim Sung Joo , Yuk Jong Min 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHerein, we synthesize a core/shell Pt/a-CoOx nanocomposite via one-step synthesis using a strong reaction agent of borane t-butylamine(BBA) at 200 °C. Transmission electron microscopy study shows that the morphology of nanocomposites is controlled by the stirring time and perfect core/shell structure is formed with over 7 days stirring time.
The effect of early versus late lipid infusion in parenteral nutrition on the biochemical and cortical auditory evoked potential parameters in preterm neonates
Authors: Abdou Rania Mohamed , Weheiba Hoda Mahmoud Ibrahim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
As brain activity depends greatly on the functions provided by lipid membranes, dietary fat in early life can affect the developing nervous system. Despite the adoption of an early more aggressive parenteral nutrition approach with amino acid infusions still reluctance to the early use of intravenous lipids in neonates.

Aim
To compare the effect of delayed versus early introduction of intravenous lipid in preterm on the biochemical parameters and on brain development by the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) latency and amplitude.

Methods
This is a comparative study included 49 neonates admitted at the ain shams university NICUs. Participants were divided into two groups: 26 in group of early lipid infusion and 23 in late lipid infusion, Demographic data, and biochemical parameters were documented during the 1st 2 weeks of life. The CAEP was performed at age of 6 months. The latency and amplitude of P1 were recorded and compared between both groups.

Results
In the present work we found that group of early lipid infusion had reach their full oral intake earlier with shorter duration of parenteral nutrition and length of stay. They had better weight gain and significantly better glucose level control than group of late lipid infusion. There was no significant difference in the other chemical parameters between both groups expect for the higher incidence of cholestasis in the group of late lipid infusion. At 6 months of age, the group of early lipid infusion had significantly shorter latency and amplitude of P1 than the group of late lipid infusion.

Conclusion
Early effective nutrition positively affect feeding tolerance and weight gain and maturation of higher brain centers brain.
Temper and temperament of prehistoric craft: Temper type evolution and clay body 'workability'
Authors: Bebber Michelle R. , Eren Metin I. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Temper is an additive incorporated into clay during the formation of a ceramic vessel, and may consist of various materials. In a number of previous experiments over the past several decades, archaeologists have experimentally demonstrated that tempers used by prehistoric craftspeople would have imparted important post-firing use-life properties to ceramic vessels. However, although widely touted, the notion that prehistoric temper types would have aided in pre-firing vessel formation has never been systematically tested. Here, we experimentally assess whether calcium carbonate-based tempers, like limestone and burnt shell, would have made clay bodies more workable relative to silicate-based grit temper, as has been previously proposed. In this study, participants were asked to build five simple and challenging three-dimensional forms using grit-, limestone- and shell-tempered clay bodies, and then rank these conditions in terms of workability. Our statistical and qualitative assessments of these data were unambiguous: contrary to claims in the scientific literature, the calcium carbonate tempers did not make clay bodies more workable, and were consistently, sometimes significantly, ranked lower than silicate grit-tempered clay bodies in terms of workability. Our results have several implications for temper selection and evolution in prehistory, specifically during the widespread silicate grit to calcium carbonate transition during the Late Woodland period (AD 500–1400) of the North American Midwest.
Film festivals and the mediations of locality
Authors: Ingle Hrishikesh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article elaborates on the discursive role and mediations of local contexts in non-fiction film festivals that are organised in small-town settings in India. It argues that apart from the ideological imperative of forging an alternative discourse, local film festivals that are focused on non-fiction films and documentary cinema are also instrumental in producing an exuberant spatiality for re-articulating resistance as a function of filmmaking. Although this corresponds with the practices of Third Cinema of the 1970s, the temporality of the 2000s has provided a newfound relevance for locality, and its social spatial dimensions. The article develops this argument by undertaking a detailed case analysis of the Ankur Film Festival, conducted in Nashik since 2012. Identifying the numerous negotiations embedded in the trajectory of the film festival, the article also conceptualises a festival mode of cinema for contemporary social conditions.
The role of autophagy in the thyroid tumors development, connection with the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway activation
Authors: Spirina Liudmila , Chizhevskaya Svetlana , Kondakova Irina , Tarasenko Natalia 
Published: November 2019

Autophagy is an important intracellular process that ensures cell death and survival. Activation of molecular mechanisms in thyroid cancer development is associated with a change in the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway status. At the same time, the existence of protective autophagy, as one of the mechanisms of disease progression and the formation of resistance to treatment, has been proven. The review describes the molecular mechanisms of the autophagy development, its association with key signaling cascades, in particular AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway. A significant signaling molecule m-TOR, in this case, contributes to the development of the tumor, the proliferation of transformed cells, apoptosis inhibition, and to the development of autophagy.
The significance of this phenomenon at all stages of carcinogenesis, affecting the main signal kinases: AKT, mTOR, is noted. It is shown that in most cases this mechanism is responsible for the progression of the disease and the development of resistance to treatment. The development of thyroid cancer associated with the BRAF mutation and with the activation of the RET1 oncoprotein, as well as with the formation of radio-resistant forms of the disease is associated with molecular peculiarities of autophagy. Given the inconsistency of this phenomenon regarding their influence on the processes of oncogenesis, its role in the development of thyroid cancer is still unknown.
A review of annotation classification tools in the educational domain
Authors: Gayoso-Cabada Joaquín , Sarasa-Cabezuelo Antonio , Sierra-Rodríguez José-Luis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An annotation consists of a portion of information that is associated with a piece of content in order to explain something about the content or to add more information. The use of annotations as a tool in the educational field has positive effects on the learning process. The usual way to use this instrument is to provide students with contents, usually textual, with which they must associate annotations. In most cases this task is performed in groups of students who work collaboratively. This process encourages analysis and understanding of the contents since they have to understand them in order to annotate them, and also encourages teamwork. To facilitate its use, computer applications have been developed in recent decades that implement the annotation process and offer a set of additional functionalities. One of these functionalities is the classification of the annotations made. This functionality can be exploited in various ways in the learning process, such as guiding the students in the annotation process, providing information to the student about how the annotation process is done and to the teacher about how the students write and how they understand the content, as well as implementing other innovative educational processes. In this sense, the classification of annotations plays a critical role in the application of the annotation in the educational field. There are many studies of annotations, but most of them consider the classification aspect marginally only. This paper presents an exploratory study of the classification mechanisms used in the annotation tools, identifying four types of cases: absence of classification mechanisms, classification based on controlled vocabularies, classification based on folksonomies, and classification based on ontologies.
Regularity of minimal surfaces with lower-dimensional obstacles
Authors: Fernández-Real Xavier , Serra Joaquim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study the Plateau problem with a lower-dimensional obstacle in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. Intuitively, in

ℝ
3

{\mathbb{R}^{3}}

this corresponds to a soap film (spanning a given contour) that is pushed from below by a “vertical” 2D half-space (or some smooth deformation of it).
We establish almost optimal

C

1
,

1
2

-

{C^{1,\frac{1}{2}-}}

estimates for the solutions near points on the free boundary of the contact set, in any dimension

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

.
The

C

1
,

1
2

-

{C^{1,\frac{1}{2}-}}

estimates follow from an ε-regularity result for minimal surfaces with thin obstacles in the spirit of the De Giorgi’s improvement of flatness. To prove it, we follow Savin’s small perturbations method. A nontrivial difficulty in using Savin’s approach for minimal surfaces with thin obstacles is that near a typical contact point the solution consists of two smooth surfaces that intersect transversally, and hence it is not very flat at small scales.
Via a new “dichotomy approach” based on barrier arguments we are able to overcome this difficulty and prove the desired result.
Fetal head entrapment within the lower uterine segment
Authors: Levy Ariel T. , Yurkanin Melissa A. , Plante Lauren A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fetal head entrapment by a uterine scar or adhesion is a rare obstetric complication. We present a case of a uterine constriction diagnosed in pregnancy that resulted in confinement of the fetal head to the lower uterine segment. The developing fetus ultimately suffered growth restriction of the head and was delivered after the mother experienced preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Severe adhesions of the lower uterine segment were confirmed during the patient’s classical cesarean section.
Mapping Critical Anthropocene Discourses in Musical Artefacts: Whiteness, Absence, and the Intersecting “-Cenes” in Prurient’s The History of Aids
Authors: Woods Peter J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In critiquing the humanism of the Anthropocene, scholars have proposed multiple “-cenes” of their own (i.e. the Capitalocene, Plantationocene, and Necrocene). However, authors often consider these formations in isolation rather than considering the intersection between them. To address this oversight, I propose the use of musical artefacts as a site of examination as the forces behind these “-cenes” embed traces of themselves into these recordings and performances. Power electronics, a subgenre of noise music, provides an exceptionally fruitful area of research because of its tendency towards disruption as both a musical and ideological gesture. This inclination creates space for artists to evoke non-dominant narratives, allowing for new forms of interaction between “-cenes” to emerge. By way of example, I analyse the album The History of AIDS by power electronics artist Prurient. Utilizing Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of the rhizome as a framework for interaction, the album evokes the sexual and racial politics within the Capitalocene, Necrocene, and Plantationocene, allowing space for audiences to consider all three formations simultaneously. This manoeuvring between various “-cenes” highlights the ways in which music acts as a “-ceneic” meeting ground and implies new directions for research.
The Infinite Learning Chain. Flipped Professional Labs for Learning and Knowledge Co-Creation
Authors: Gordillo Martorell José Antonio , Martin-Torres Javier , Zorzano Mier María-Paz , Mathanlal Thasshwin , Cuartielles David , Johansson Mattis 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNowadays universities and other classical research institutions are changing their role in knowledge creation. In general terms we can characterize this transition as the path from “Closed Science” to “Open Science” as a part of a deeper and structural phenomenon known as “knowledge democratization”, where different stakeholders as students, makers and other tech and science enthusiasts are able to create knowledge learning from the researchers and cooperating with them.In this process, science engagement of these new actors is a key point to stimulate their creativity, get some important research skills learnt directly from the researchers and be able to apply these skills teaching others in a continuous “learning chain”.In this article, we introduce some main features and preliminary results of an experiment called “The infinite learning chain” done in cooperation with Arduino, focused on sensing science and based in a real research project of Group of Atmospheric Science (GAS) called Luleå Environmental Monitoring Stations (LEMS). We debate some interesting questions related to the impact of the format in terms of science engagement, STEM skills acquisition and cooperative learning involvement. We used as “learning ecosystem” a professional Lab, the INSPIRE Lab a complete multidisciplinary facility for space and environmental research and exploration.
Naked Before God: Kierkegaard’s Liturgical Self
Authors: Hanson Jeffrey 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it seeks to demonstrate how Kierkegaard’s deployment of the idea of earnestness can furnish a sort of tonal “unity” to a narrative understanding of the Kierkegaardian self, which gestures toward a solution to the problem of how a narrative self can be unified over time and over a multiplicity of projects and plans. Second, this paper aims to give further richness to the recent work of Patrick Stokes, who argues that the narrative self needs to be supplemented by what he calls a naked self. This paper then argues that because there are these two dimensions to selfhood—the narrative person and the naked self—the Kierkegaardian individual is in a fundamental way not so much a matter of identity as of contradiction or internal tension.
From classifiers to applicatives in Mojeño Trinitario: A new source for applicative markers
Authors: Rose Françoise 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWell attested diachronic sources for applicative markers are adpositions and verbs. Nominal sources are regarded as dubious, although nouns have been argued to have developed into applicatives in some languages (such as Murrinhpatha, in Nordlinger (this issue). In this paper, I argue for a previously unreported source for applicatives, by presenting the possible applicative function of the classifiers of Mojeño Trinitario (Arawak, Bolivia), based on a large corpus of texts collected in the field. While classifiers within verbs derive prototypical applicative constructions, they show unusual properties as applicatives, namely in their semantics. The applicative markers are selected according to the physical properties of the referent of the applied object, rather than its semantic role within the sentence. And although most of the classifiers show no similarity to free nominal lexemes in the present state of the language, the classifiers found in Mojeño Trinitario verbs are very likely derived historically from nominal incorporation, a typical path of development. Mojeño Trinitario data offer new evidence for the possibility of elements derived from nouns to be reanalyzed as morphological applicative markers.
Power graphs and exchange property for resolving sets
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Ali Usman , Munir Mobeen , Bokhary Syed Ahtsham Ul Haq , Kang Shin Min 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Classical applications of resolving sets and metric dimension can be observed in robot navigation, networking and pharmacy. In the present article, a formula for computing the metric dimension of a simple graph wihtout singleton twins is given. A sufficient condition for the graph to have the exchange property for resolving sets is found. Consequently, every minimal resolving set in the graph forms a basis for a matriod in the context of independence defined by Boutin [Determining sets, resolving set and the exchange property, Graphs Combin., 2009, 25, 789-806]. Also, a new way to define a matroid on finite ground is deduced. It is proved that the matroid is strongly base orderable and hence satisfies the conjecture of White [An unique exchange property for bases, Linear Algebra Appl., 1980, 31, 81-91]. As an application, it is shown that the power graphs of some finite groups can define a matroid. Moreover, we also compute the metric dimension of the power graphs of dihedral groups.
On nearly Hurewicz spaces
Authors:   Aqsa, Khan Moiz ud Din 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper we define and investigate nearly Hurewicz spaces and their star version. It is shown that a nearly Hurewicz space fits between Hurewicz and almost Hurewicz spaces. As a counter example it is shown that a particular point topology which fails to be Lindelöf, Menger, Hurewicz is a nearly Hurewicz space.
Partial hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zeng Chengying , Chen Yanbi , Zhao Lijuan , Wan Bo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Twin pregnancy of a hydatidiform mole with a coexistent live fetus is very rare, and complete molar pregnancy is involved in most cases. A partial molar pregnancy almost always ends in miscarriage due to a triploid fetus. Here, we report a case of a 32-year-old Chinese woman with ultrasound diagnosis of a partial molar pregnancy. Amniocentesis suggested mosaicism, but the fetus was morphologically normal. The woman chose to continue the pregnancy after fully understanding the risk. The infant was delivered prematurely, and the presence of a large single placenta with molar changes. The baby’s peripheral blood chromosomes were diploid, and the pregnant woman had no serious complications. The diagnosis, management, and monitoring of this condition will remain challenging because of its rarity. Partial hydatidiform mole combined with pregnancy can result in delivering of a normal fetus and live birth under proper management.
Effect of NGR1 on the atopic dermatitis model and its mechanisms
Authors: Wang Mingmei , Ma Jianli 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic chronic inflammatory skin disease. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a unique ingredient of P. notoginseng which is a well-known medicinal herb for its long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, has been identified to have various biologically active properties that include anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of NGR1 on AD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of NGR1 on the in vitro cell model of AD induced by LPS stimulation. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml LPS to establish the in vitro cell inflammation model of AD. RAW264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of NGR1 (0.1, 1, and 10 μM); then, an MTT assay was performed to determine the cell viability. An ELISA assay detected the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, IL-1β; interleukin-6, IL-6; tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α). Additionally, NO production was measured using a nitrate/nitrite assay kit. Results indicated that LPS induced increases in the levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO production was significantly reduced by NGR1 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Further, NGR1 treatment inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The study data indicated that NGR1 might relieve atopic dermatitis via inhibiting inflammation through suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.