bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of water quality index and heavy metals in Sungai Bunus, Malaysia
Authors: Rahim AHA , Kasmuri N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Water Quality Index (WQI) is an indicator of water quality. The index is shown in classes where Class I indicates a Natural Level of water quality, Classes IIA/IIB, Class III and IV indicate the presence of a certain amount of pollutant, and Class V highly polluted water. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the current WQI and the extent of heavy metals present in Sungai Bunus, a river in Selangor, Malaysia, by Harkins’s Standardized Distances Method (HSDM). Water samples were taken six times between 24th October 2016 and 11th November 2016 at the upstream, middle stream and downstream of the Sungai Bunus. Five in situ tests and eight laboratory tests were conducted. The findings showed that the upstream of the Sungai Bunus was the cleanest, measured 63.40 % while the downstream the dirtiest, 39.97 %. Secondly, it showed that this river contained the lowest heavy metals in the upstream compared to the other parts. The upstream Harkins index was 12.17, the middle stream between 11.33 and 30.47, and the downstream 15.67 - 28.70. Cadmium, chromium, iron, and manganese were found in the river water, which exceeded the Raw Water Quality and Drinking Water Quality Standards. It was also found that the cadmium and chromium exceeded the highest permissible effluent standards B, where cadmium was 0.02 mg/L while chromium 0.05 mg/L. To improve the water quality of this river to the Class IIB standard, it is recommended that the Bunus Sewerage Treatment Plant (STP) be upgraded and the source of pollutions identified.
Potential acoustic treatment analysis using sabine formula in unoccupied classroom
Authors: Abdullah R , Ismail SI , Nik Dzulkefli NNS 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Effective teaching and learning, not only taking into account the good teaching methodology and facilities but the acoustic level in the classroom should also be addressed. RT-60 is the time required for sound decay in a classroom. The time taken for the sound to decay depends on the absorption coefficients (α) of surface material and the volume of the room. This paper aims to identify potential treatment materials for improving the value of RT-60 of the selected unoccupied teaching hall/classroom at one of the higher learning institution in Malaysia. The value of RT-60 is calculated using Sabine formula and used the same parameter like the surface material, surface area, and room’s volume identified in previous research. The best RT-60 value is 0.6s for the classroom with 10k-20k cubit feet in volume and it coincides with the volume of the selected classroom which is about 14320 cubic feet. To ensure that room has the optimum RT-60 values, the materials used on the ceiling, walls, floors, windows, and doors are assessed for sound absorption rate and then materials with appropriate absorption coefficient are proposed for improvement purposes. As a result, it found that gypsum board is suitable to use for wall and plywood 12mm thick is proposed for ceiling material. By applying this proposed material will then enhance the acoustical performance of the unoccupied teaching hall especially in RT-60 value.
Effect of leaching treatment on extraction of silica from combination of rice husk and rice husk ash
Authors: Zarib N A , Abdullah S A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rice husk and rice husk ash are one type of agricultural wastes that can easily be found around the world. A rice husk contains over 70 % of organic silica. The focus of this paper is to analyse the effect of acid treatment of silica extraction of rice husk and rice husk ash due to silica as a raw material that can be apply in industrial. Parameters such as concentration of acid and weight percentage used in mixture of rice husk and rice husk ash during organic leaching method were also compared. In this paper, citric acid (C6H8O7) was used for production of silica from rice husk. Samples were characterized using Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDEX). The result indicates that highest percentage silica of rice husk, rice husk ash and mixture between rice husk and rice husk ash after leaching was on 1.0M and has an amorphous structure.
The Study on Curcuminoids in Chromatography, Spectroscopy and Regioisomerism
Authors: Abdul Zahar Z , Mohsin H F , Ibtisam AW 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The turmeric or Curcuma species was macerated with organic solvents. By executing both analytical and preparative thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the crude material, the chromatographic profile of the curcuminoids could be improved. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of the pure curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxy-curcumin was acquired. Additional focus for discussion includes the keto–enol tautomerisation of the products. It is concluded that the understanding of this medicinal herb and its curcuminoidal content, is heightened with advanced technological aid.
Radiation Induced Polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide Polymer Gel Characterized by Raman Laser
Authors: Adenan Mohd Zulfadli 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Radiation dosimeter is a device that can quantify the amount of a dose. One type of chemical dosimeter is known as a polymer gel dosimeter that is capable of measuring 3D dose distribution. Thus, this work aims to synthesize N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) polymer gel and study the effect of NIPAM monomer and N, N’-methylene-bis-acrylamide (BIS) crosslinker concentrations on the polymerization of NIPAM polymer, and NIPAM and BIS consumptions in gelatin matrix induced by gamma rays at dose between 0 to 21 Gy. The dose response of irradiated NIPAM polymer gel was determined using Raman spectroscopy. Raman peak intensities were identified in the samples at 815 cm−1 assigned bonding for C-C of NIPAM polymer gel, 1025 cm−1 assigned bonding for C=C of NIPAM and 2353 cm−1 bonding for C=C of BIS. The result shows that the intensity of carbon covalent bonds decreases, while the intensity of carbon single bonds increases after the irradiation process.
Analysis on Coupled Forming-Welding Process Using FEM Simulation and Experimental Verification
Authors: Bauer Alexander , Manurung Y HP , Redza M R M , Joeran  , Graf Marcel , Birgit  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a coupled forming-welding process is to be analyzed. Therefore, the process chain of a tube u-/o-bending process was combined with the longitudinal welding of slotted tubes. Both processes were conducted and evaluated experimentally as well as numerically. To verify the process in a wide range of experimental technologies, different analyzing methods were used, which include geometric measurements, microsections (microstructure), X-ray-diffraction and material phase analyses. A good agreement was found for the numerical simulation of the welded tube in accordance with the experimental processes, based on the different evaluation methods. For this reason, it can be concluded that the developed setup can be used as a good forecast for metal inert gas welding processes of tubular products.
Zorabots: A suitable robot-mediated telerehabilitation interface
Authors: Rosly Muhammad Aliff , Kamaruzaman Dayana , Zulkornain Luqmanul Hakim , Shamsuddin Syamimi , Zahari Nur Ismarrubie , Yussof Hanafiah 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Research on NAO robot-mediated Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) therapy intervention via telerehabilitation network has been gaining popularity in recent years. It eliminates the distance barrier between a therapist and a child with autism by allowing remote physical interactions between them thus enabling the therapy to be conducted even in a long-distance. In general, the system requires a robot, a child with autism, and a helper which normally is a close kin to be present at one place and a specialized therapist at another. Connected via remote communication technology such as the Internet of Robotics Things (IoRT), a remote therapist is able to monitor the therapy session through robot vision or its sensors and if necessary, provide physical feedbacks through robotic features such as voice or body movements. One of the system’s important aspects is the therapist’s interface controlling the robot. The interface must be user-friendly to non-programmer user yet having enough technical features to control a sophisticated NAO robot. Choregraphe, an official NAO robot platform and interface to program and control the NAO robot, has many advanced programming functions. Thus, it is considered quite intimidating to the non-programmer user, in this case, a specialized therapist. As an alternative to this interface, this paper reviews the suitability of commercially available software, Zorabots, as the therapist’s interface to monitor and control NAO Robot in telerehabilitation environments.
Flood and Notification Monitoring System using Ultrasonic Sensor Integrated with IoT and Blynk Applications: Designed for Vehicle Parking
Authors: Hasbullah Amirah , Rahimi Aiman Hakimi , Amrimunawar Ahmad Ikram Hafiz , Redzwan Fatimah Nur Mohd , Mahzan Najwa Nasuha , Omar Suziana , Zin Nooradzianie Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Terengganu received heavy rainfall during the Northeast monsoon which strikes between October and March thus can leads to severe floods almost every year all over the state. The floods around Dungun area of Terengganu state was due to the combination of physical factors such as elevation and its close proximity to the sea apart from heavy rainfall received during the monsoon period. A flood warning system is designed to warn and alert the owners of the vehicle about the flood immediately. The system will detect water level through an ultrasonic sensor and will automatically send a notification via IoT technology to the owner’s smartphone through the Blynk Application. A water level sensor will be set at two points which is at 0.05m and 0.09m from ground level. When the water reaches this point, it will light on LED and trigger buzzer that acts as an alarm to alert both owner and authorities. Alerting signs of water level are notified on the Blynk application that was connected through ESP8266 Wi-Fi module via IoT teechnology.
User experience testing on interactive assistive courseware for young low vision learners: Observation approach
Authors: Aziz Nurulnadwan , Mutalib Ariffin Abdul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This research reports an ongoing project related to user experience testing of interactive assistive courseware which specifically designed to cater the needs of young low vision learners. It is called as AC4LV which has been developed by utilizing User Centered Design (UCD) approach. To ensure the usefulness of AC4LV, it has to be tested to the targeted users. Initial round of user experience testing has been carried out and reported in the previous studies. From the testing, rich and valuable data were gathered through the reactions and behaviours of low vision learners while using the AC4LV. Also, their opinions regarding the AC4LV which gathered through their thought in the interview session has been discussed previously. Thus, to overcome the weaknesses and intrinsic biasness that came from the previous testing and to produce a more comprehensive interpretation, the second round of observation approach is needed. Think aloud protocol has been utilized throughout the testing. The result explains the usefulness of AC4LV in terms of information accessibility, navigationability, and pleasurabilty.
Initial stage analysis of conceptual data model of International Research, Innovation, Conference, and Competition System (IRICC)
Authors: Aziz Nurulnadwan , Jalis Mohd Hairi , Kassim Abd Razak Abu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Over the past ten years, Universiti Teknologi MARA Terengganu Branch (UiTMTB) Malaysia through Department of Research and Industrial Linkages has actively organizing conferences and innovation competitions as a platform for the researchers (i.e. lecturers and students) to share knowledge and exchange ideas in various field of expertise. All these events encourage researchers to be more productive to write and submit their research work for publication. The Department of Research and Industrial Linkages, UiTMTB has put a great deal of effort from planning until implementation to organize and ensure each of the programmes’ objectives achieved successfully. However, initial investigation has found that the Department of Research and Industrial Linkages, UiTMTB still struggling to execute four main tasks which are i) participants registration, ii) reviewing process, iii) article status notification, and iv) fees payment process as all of these tasks have to be performed manually by the program committees. This has led to errors such as disorganize information, and miscommunication among the team members, reviewers, and participants throughout organizing the programmes. Looking at the situation, it indicates that the program committees needs a systematic system to execute all the critical tasks efficiently and effectively. Therefore, this study aims to propose a conceptual data model namely Conceptual Data Model of International Research, Innovation, Conference and Competition (IRICC) System that specifically address the user requirement particularly in organizing conferences and innovation competitions. Prior to developed the proposed model, initial stage of analysis to determine the availability and the needs has to be carried out. Three phases of research activities have been conducted which are (i) user experience investigation, (ii) analysis of the previous works, and (iii) result analysis. Having carried out all three phases of research activities it was found that a Conceptual Data Model of International Research, Innovation, Conference and Competition (IRICC) System is urgently need to be explored.
The correlation between telecommuting and work life balance in oil and gas industry
Authors: Khairudin Nik Nur Qamarina Mohd , Aziz Nurulnadwan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In line with the industrial revolution 4.0, telecommuting becomes more robust and relevant to be implemented in Malaysia even though this working arrangement is not widely accepted by most of Malaysia’s companies due to some hindering factors. There is a limited encouragement from the management and awareness of the benefit of telecommuting shared to the employer, employees, and organisation. For this reason, the researcher aims to determine the relationship of telecommuting among employees in the East Coast Region of oil and gas industry which is consisted of Kelantan, Pahang, and Terengganu with work-life balance. Employee acceptance with regards to telecommuting is the independent variable, and work-life balance was evaluated using a component of each dependent variables, which are: (i) more family time (ii) and increased productivity. The items in questionnaires are a closed-ended type using a five-point Likert scale and the sample of 70 respondents being selected from the oil and gas industry in the East Coast Region. The researcher distributed 70 sets of questionnaires and returned 60 questionnaires, with a return rate of 86%. Correlation was applied in analysing and interpreting the collected data. The findings of correlation between telecommuting and work-life balance generally support the hypotheses in this study and eventually had answered the objectives for this study. As a conclusion, there is a significant correlation between telecommuting and work-life balance which is associated with the acceptance of telecommuting among oil and gas industry in the East Coast Region, Malaysia.
Arduino Based RFID Vehicle Tracking for Home Security
Authors: Ismail Nuraiza , Wahid Syawal , Ahmad Norhayati 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The development of security devices has been an important concern for everyone as most devices’ usage are limited at certain places that require verification. Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is used to transmit data via radio frequency (RF). The RFID technology is enabled as the main technology in various applications such as automated, collection of wireless data and contactless. Therefore, this study proposes simple design for tracking identifications using well known components like Arduino Uno that used IC Atmega 328p, sticker tag as an RFID tag and RFID ID-20LA. The RFID reader wirelessly communicates with the sticker tag to identify the code where each tag has its own identification number or code. The data from the sticker tag is then sent to Arduino board, which is basically used as a Microcontroller based board. The received data is collected by the Arduino microcontroller in order to compare with valid data that acts as a reader. The reader acts like a decoder where the encoded data in the tag’s integrated circuit is decoded for processing computer host. LCD screen display is used to display the data while the buzzer sound will go off if the valid data is read.
Density Based Traffic System via IR Sensor
Authors: Dzulkefli Nik Nur Shaaadah Nik , Rohafauzi Suziyani , Jaafar Afiza Nur , Abdullah Rina , Shafie Rosmawati , Selamat Muhammad Shahmir , Azman Nazrul Syafi , Muhammad Muhammad Zakwan Zakaria 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an inventive prototype design of a traffic light which is purposely used at junctioned road since traffic light is the best way to supervise and manage traffic at any busy junction or intersection. This project is designed to develop a density based traffic signal system where its signal timing changes automatically after sensing the traffic density at the intersection. Traffic density is define as the amount of vehicle congested at a certain place, in this case an intersection. The more vehicles available, the higher the traffic density is. This increasing number of vehicles on the road will produce many problems such as traffic jammed thus will also drive to road accidents. Conventional traffic light uses fixed time which cause difficulties in controlling the traffic itself. In order to resolve this problem, design of this traffic light will help to reduce traffic jammed at a particular location. This traffic light uses an Arduino UNO microcontroller to create an automation function together with an Infrared sensor (IR sensor) to detect the density of the traffic. Each vehicle is set to 3 seconds. All vehicles pass through the traffic light is measured and processed accordingly to delays. If there is no vehicle on the road for at least 1 second, then it will change to another traffic light. By using this, all vehicles will be counted and interacted with the system thus increase delay period for the green light at each traffic light which may have high density of traffic. Thus, it will reduce problems which might rooted from traffic congestion at the intersection.
The Relationship between Service Failure and Service Recovery with Airline Passenger Satisfaction
Authors: Ali Siti Rapidah Omar , Said Nur Shafini Mohd , Jislan Fatanah , Mat Khalid Amin , Aznan Wan Nini Maisarah Wan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Service failure and service recovery of a firm can greatly influence on customer satisfaction as well as the relationship quality with the firm, regardless of other firm’s efforts to establish the strong relationships with its customers in the long run. Airline companies particularly struggled with numerous obstacles regarding their continuity to survive. One of the problems is they are accountable to service failures which is unavoidable to evade. This research aims to recognize the relationship of service failure and service recovery with AirAsia passenger satisfaction. The data was gathered from 361 domestic passengers departing from Sultan Ismail Petra Airport, Kelantan. The convenience sampling has been employed as the sampling approach for this study. The findings indicated that the service failure has negative significant relationship with passenger satisfaction while the service recovery has positively influenced passenger satisfaction. The implications of this study are the management team and staff should plan effective recovery instruments to correct the failures such as well-planned corrective actions, effective apologies, willing to be responsible for failure occurred and other actions. The frontline employees should be aware of the customers’ emotions when the service failure happens, and the excellent recovery effort can thus prevent negative emotion of customers.
Land Cover Changes Detection Using Region Growing Segmentation
Authors: Brilliant Muhamad , Irianto Suhendro Yusuf , Karnila Sri , Abdul Aziz R.Z. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper try to explore an image segmentation model using the region growing method, the method used to segment landsat (land satelite) images for detecting land cover changes. More than 100 images was used in the works, and they collecting from google earth start from year 2015 to year 2019. The accuracy and effectiveness of developing area segmentation methods was computed using using ROC (receiver ooperational ccharacteristics) and studying changes or deterioration quality of certain areas using Landsat satellite images. By building a model or pattern of changes that occur over a certain period of time, and ultimately we will know how new conditions will occur in the near future. on a foundation based on the pattern as well as what is expected to occur in the future (disaster forcasting) can be seen the information. Finally, from the experiment more white pixel shown more land cover changes happened.
Raspberry Pi-based Finger Vein Recognition System using PCANet
Authors: Wen Quek Ee , Kamaruddin Nurul Maisarah , Rosdi Bakhtiar Affendi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Finger Vein Recognition System (FVRS) is a biometric technology that identifies or verifies an individual identity based on unique vein patterns. Compared with other biometrics, it is more secure, anti-forgery and hygiene. Thus, it successfully utilized in many authentications nowadays. A feature extraction process is mandatory in maximizing recognition rate of the system. However, majority of feature extraction techniques utilized in FVRS only can provide low-level features, which return an unsatisfied result. A simple deep learning network is proposed in this paper, namely Principal Component Analysis Network (PCANet). PCANet composed of three basic data processing components: 1) PCA filter, 2) binary hashing 3) histograms. PCA is employed for learning multistage filter banks. Binary hashing and block histograms are the steps for indexing and pooling. The features extracted are represented in block-wise histograms. In this paper, PCANet is compared with PCA in term of performance and effectiveness. PCANet retrieved an accuracy of 98.5% under limited training samples, an increase of 21.3% than that of PCA. Factors which impact PCANet are studied to identify the limitations of PCANet. Classifier utilized in FVRS is kNN with Euclidean distance. OpenCV image processing library and C++ language are used in the development. The results returned prove that PCANet performance does not easily influenced by intra-class variability and limited training datasets. Meanwhile, the research noticed about the difficulty in recognition as age increased. The performance evaluation shows that the accuracy of FVRS is 92.67% with the utilization of PCANet. Concluded that PCANet is a promising technique in finger vein recognition.