bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shocking secret you won’t believe! Emotional arousal in clickbait headlines
Authors: Pengnate Supavich (Fone) 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Clickbait has become a popular strategy for attracting online users by enticing them to follow the link to a particular website to read further. The purpose of this paper is to fill a gap in the literature by providing empirical evidence of how clickbait headlines affect online users’ emotional and behavioral responses, specifically emotional arousal and intention to read news. In addition, it is an early attempt to examine pupillary dilation response as an indicator of emotional arousal in the online news context.

Design/methodology/approach
An experiment was conducted primarily to examine the levels of emotional arousal evoked by two treatment groups of online news headlines, news and clickbait, compared to a neutral control group. Emotional arousal was assessed using two approaches – pupillary dilation response recorded by an eye-tracking device and the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) – and the results were compared. The influence of emotional arousal on intention to read news was hypothesized and tested.

Findings
The level of emotional arousal evoked by the headlines varies. In general, clickbait headlines generate a higher level of emotional arousal than do the neutral headlines but a lower level than the news headlines. The results also indicate that the level of emotional arousal measured by pupillary dilation response and by SAM are somewhat consistent. Emotional arousal appears to be a significant predictor of intention to read news.

Originality/value
This study is an initial attempt to investigate how clickbait headlines influence online users’ perceptions and responses, which will be of interest to researchers and news media publishers. The current study also provides evidence for adopting pupillary dilation response, an unobtrusive measure of emotional response, as an alternative methodology for future studies that investigate emotional arousal related to textual information in the online news context.
Implementing a new human settlement theory
Authors: Liaros Steven 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Whilst the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables offers significant environmental benefits, the other transition – from a centralised to a distributed energy system – underpins a disruptive model for planning cities, towns and villages. A local energy micro-grid can power a local water micro-grid, which in turn can irrigate a local food system, offering a community the opportunity to harvest, store and distribute food, water and energy within their immediate catchment. A distributed network of regenerative villages, connected virtually and with shared electric vehicles is offered as an alternative vision for future cities. The paper aims to justify this as a preferred model for human settlements and develop an implementation process.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper asks: Is it inevitable that large cities will keep growing, while rural communities will continue to be deprived of resources and opportunities? Is the flow of people into cities inevitable? To answer this question, the adopted methodology is to take a systems approach, observing town planning processes from a range of different disciplines and perspectives.

Findings
By contrasting the current centralising city model with a distributed network of villages, this paper offers ten reasons why the distributed network is preferable to centralisation.

Research limitations/implications
It is argued that in this time of dramatic technological upheaval, environmental destruction and social inequality, business-as-usual is unacceptable in any field of human endeavour. This paper presents a sketch outlining a new human settlement theory, a different way of living on the land. It is an invitation to academics and practitioners to participate in a debate.

Originality/value
The information and energy revolutions, both distributed systems, are reshaping cities.
Factors affecting fear of crime: a study of elderly in a district of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Patel Avanish Bhai 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Fear of crime is an emerging social problem in Indian society that has a significant impact on the quality of life of the elderly. In the view of this fact, the purpose of this paper is to examine the factors such as (prior victimisation, vulnerability and incivility) which contribute their role in bringing fear of crime among the elderly.

Design/methodology/approach
Mixed method approach has been applied in this paper. This study has been designed as an exploratory lead-in to a planned wider study into rural–urban context as possible factors in shaping the victimisation experience. The study has been conducted from October 2012 to January 2013 on a sample of 220 elderly living in both rural and urban areas of Lucknow in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Findings
The study found that elderly have been victimised by known persons as compared to unknown persons. Further, the study found that immediate neighbourhood was swarming with loiters, unruly teenagers, gangs, beggars and alcoholic people walk in the society which have significantly impact on the elderly and give threat in neighbourhood.

Originality/value
This is an original work of researcher.
Radiation‐induced osteosarcoma of the skull mimicking cutaneous tumor after treatment for frontal glioma
Authors: Maruyama Ayano , Yasuoka Sayaka , Katoh Norito , Asai Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRadiation‐induced sarcomas are recognized complications of radiation therapy and are associated with poor prognosis. Radiation‐induced osteosarcoma is one of the rare types of radiation‐induced sarcomas, with the risk of radiation‐induced osteosarcomas being only 0.01%–0.03% among all patients treated with radiotherapy. There have been only four reported cases of radiation‐induced osteosarcomas after radiotherapy for gliomas. Here, we report a unique case of radiation‐induced osteosarcomas arising on the skull and extending to the skin, with a short latent period. We also review the clinical features of the previously reported cases.
Anti‐transcriptional intermediary factor 1‐γ antibody as a biomarker in patients with dermatomyositis
Authors: Shimizu Kyoko , Kobayashi Tadahiro , Kano Miyu , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Takehara Kazuhiko , Matsushita Takashi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe presence of anti‐transcriptional intermediary factor (TIF)1‐γ antibody (Ab) is associated with cancer in adult patients with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) or dermatomyositis (DM). In this study, we examined whether anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab levels are associated with disease activity in patients with CADM/DM. Anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab levels were examined in 23 patients with CADM or DM (CADM, n = 6; DM, n = 17). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were recorded, and serial measurements of anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab levels were obtained. Of the 23 patients with detectable anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab, 16 (70%) had an internal malignancy, while two (9%) had interstitial lung disease. Mean initial anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab levels (134 ± 47 index) were significantly decreased after 24 months (54 ± 45 index, P < 0.0001) and remained decreased thereafter. Anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab became negative (index value, <32) in 10 patients (43%) and remained positive (index value, ≥32) in 13 patients (57%) during the clinical course. The frequency of remission in the anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab‐negative conversion group (100%) was significantly higher than in the sustained positive group (0%, P < 0.0001). Furthermore, mortality in the anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab‐negative conversion group (0%) was significantly lower than that in sustained positive group (69%, P < 0.001). This study indicates that anti‐TIF1‐γ Ab levels are a useful and relevant surrogate marker of disease activity during follow‐up monitoring.
Darker ants dominate the canopy: Testing macroecological hypotheses for patterns in colour along a microclimatic gradient
Authors: Law Stephanie J. , Bishop Tom R. , Eggleton Paul , Griffiths Hannah , Ashton Louise , Parr Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Gradients in cuticle lightness of ectotherms have been demonstrated across latitudes and elevations. Three key hypotheses have been used to explain these macroecological patterns: the thermal melanism hypothesis (TMH), the melanism‐desiccation hypothesis (MDH) and the photo‐protection hypothesis (PPH). Yet the broad abiotic measures, such as temperature, humidity and UV‐B radiation, typically used to detect these ecogeographical patterns, are a poor indication of the microenvironment experienced by small, cursorial ectotherms like ants.

We tested whether these macroecological hypotheses explaining cuticle lightness held at habitat and microclimatic level by using a vertical gradient within a tropical rainforest.

We sampled 222 ant species in lowland, tropical rainforest across four vertical strata: subterranean, ground, understory and canopy. We recorded cuticle lightness, abundance and estimated body size for each species and calculated an assemblage‐weighted mean for cuticle lightness and body size for each vertical stratum. Abiotic variables (air temperature, vapour pressure deficit and UV‐B radiation) were recorded for each vertical stratum.

We found that cuticle lightness of ant assemblages was vertically stratified: ant assemblages in the canopy and understory were twice as dark as assemblages in ground and subterranean strata. Cuticle lightness was not correlated with body size, and there was no support for the TMH. Rather, we attribute this cline in cuticle lightness to a combination of the MDH and the PPH.

Our findings indicate that broad macroecological patterns can be detected at much smaller spatial scales and that microclimatic gradients can shape trait variation, specifically the cuticle lightness of ants. These results suggest that any changes to microclimate that occur due to land‐use change or climate warming could drive selection of ants based on cuticle colour, altering assemblage structure and potentially ecosystem functioning.
Effects of ANP on pulmonary vein electrophysiology, Ca2+ homeostasis and adrenergic arrhythmogenesis via PKA
Authors: Lu Yen‐Yu , Cheng Chen‐Chuan , Wu Hui‐Jun , Lin Yung‐Kuo , Chen Yao‐Chang , Chen Shih‐Ann , Chen Yi‐Jen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia and increases the risk of stroke and heart failure (HF). Pulmonary veins (PVs) are important sources of triggers that generate AF, and calcium (Ca2+) overload participates in PV arrhythmogenesis. Neurohormonal activation is an important cause of AF. Higher atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) level predicts paroxysmal AF occurrence in HF patients. However, it is not clear if ANP directly modulates electrophysiological characteristics and Ca2+ homeostasis in the PVs. Conventional microelectrodes, whole‐cell patch‐clamp, and the Fluo‐3 fluorimetric ratio technique were performed using isolated rabbit PV preparations or single isolated PV cardiomyocytes before and after ANP administration. We found that ANP (1, 10, and 100 nmol/L) concentration‐dependently decreased spontaneous activity in PV preparations. ANP (100 nmol/L) decreased isoproterenol (1 μmol/L)‐induced PV spontaneous activity and burst firing. AP811 (100 nmol/L, NPR‐C agonist), H89 (1μmol/L, PKA inhibitor) decreased isoproterenol‐induced PV spontaneous activity or burst firing, but successive administration of ANP had no further effect on PV activity. KT5823 (1 μmol/L, PKG inhibitor) decreased isoproterenol‐induced PV spontaneous activity but did not change isoproterenol‐induced PV burst firing, whereas successive administration of ANP did not change isoproterenol‐induced PV burst firing. ANP decreased intracellular Ca2+ transient and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content in single PV cardiomyocytes. ANP decreased the late sodium current, L‐type Ca2+ current, but did not change nickel‐sensitive Na+‐Ca2+ exchanger current in single PV cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, ANP directly regulates PV electrophysiological characteristics and Ca2+ homeostasis and attenuates isoproterenol‐induced arrhythmogenesis through NPR‐C/cAMP/PKA signal pathway.
Tardigrades in the city: A review of diversity patterns in response to urbanization
Authors: delBarco‐Trillo Javier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn different taxonomical groups, the number of species found in urban environments tends to decline compared to adjacent nonurban environments. It is unclear whether tardigrades also conform to this pattern of diversity decline in cities. Tardigrades are microscopic invertebrates which have been understudied, despite the fact that they are cosmopolitan and found in all types of habitats. Due to their capability to withstand extreme conditions, tardigrades should be able to successfully thrive in urban environments. Here, all available information about tardigrade diversity in cities was compiled. It was quantitatively determined that tardigrade diversity declines in urban areas compared to adjacent rural areas. Geographically, closer cities are also likely to harbor a more similar set of tardigrade species. In comparison to other groups like mammals and birds, there are no tardigrade species consistently found in most studied cities. In fact, most urban tardigrades have only been found in one single city. Ultimately, the species of tardigrades found in a given city will normally depend on the set of species already living in the adjacent native environments. One question that deserves further investigation is why only a subset of such native species is able to colonize the new environmental niches available in cities.
Psf3 as a possible biomarker of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with early pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kimura Kenji , Tanaka Yugo , Tauchi Shunsuke , Kitamura Yoshitaka , Nishio Wataru , Sakai Yasuhiro , Hayashi Yoshitake , Yoshimura Masahiro , Maniwa Yoshimasa 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundPartner of Sld five 3 (Psf3) is a member of the heterotetrameric complex that consists of SLD5, Psf1, Psf2, and Psf3. We have shown in previous studies that high Psf3 expression was a poor prognostic marker for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here, we statistically evaluated the relationship between clinicopathologic factors and Psf3 expression in stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma.MethodsA total of 583 patients who had undergone complete resection of stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma from January 2002 to December 2009 were included in the study. Tissue microarrays were performed, and the resected tumors were divided into groups according to Psf3 expression.ResultsOf 583 patients, high expression of Psf3 was observed in 211 (36.2%) and low expression of Psf3 observed in 372 (63.8%) patients. Among stage I patients, the five‐year survival rate was 76.7% in the Psf3 high expression group and 90.9% in the Psf3 low expression group (P < 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, Psf3 was found to be the independent prognostic factor. Among stage I patients in the Psf3 high expression group, a significantly greater five‐year survival rate was observed in patients who received postoperative chemotherapy with tegafur‐uracil than in those who underwent surgery alone (P < 0.0001). In contrast, among stage I patients in the Psf3 low expression group, no difference was found in the five‐year survival, regardless of the presence or absence of tegafur‐uracil (P = 0.873).ConclusionThe Psf3 expression was an independent prognostic factor and could be a biomarker of adjuvant tegafur‐uracil for stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study: The Psf3 expression could be a biomarker of adjuvant tegafur‐uracil administration for stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma.What this study adds: Appropriate patients of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma using Psf3 expression could be selected.
Shadow banking shadowed in banks’ balance sheets: Evidence from China’s commercial banks
Authors: Zhu Feifei , Chen Jing , Chen Zihao , Li Huixuan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUsing hand‐collected data, we creatively construct an ‘on‐balance‐sheet shadow banking business’ (OBS‐SBB) measure to precisely quantify commercial banks’ shadow banking activity concealed on their balance sheets. We show that OBS‐SBB activities could both increase individual and systemic risks. To further test the underlying mechanisms, we use China’s implementation of Basel III as an exogenous shock and employ the difference‐in‐differences approach. We find that banks demand OBS‐SBB in order to bypass capital requirements, previously less‐capitalised banks significantly increase their OBS‐SBB ex‐post, and greater impact is found among small and medium‐sized banks and during loose monetary policy periods.
Predictors of translocation success of captive‐reared lizards: implications for their captive management
Authors: Hare K. M. , Schumann N. , Hoskins A. J. , Daugherty C. H. , Towns D. R. , Chapple D. G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIslands are biodiversity hotspots, but their native inhabitants are vulnerable to predation from exotic predators. Conservation of island endemics has often involved translocating captive‐reared populations to predator‐free refugia. However, the long‐term success of these translocations has rarely been assessed. We investigated the traits that maximize post‐translocation survival in a cohort of captive‐reared Suter's skinks Oligosoma suteri and compared traits normally associated with survival and persistence of lizards (body condition, speed and overall size) to that of wild‐born skinks 6 years after release onto a predator‐free island in the north‐east of New Zealand. Our models showed that larger lizards, and lizards with lower body condition, had improved survival. While sprint speed of captive‐reared lizards did not differ significantly to that of wild skinks, diving ability of captive‐reared skinks was poor, with only female captive‐reared lizards diving during trials. Our results indicate that the traits associated with higher survival after release are not necessarily obvious and may be influenced by adaptation to captive conditions. Long‐term monitoring post‐translocation is therefore vital to determine the success of the translocation.
Effect of occlusal reduction on postendodontic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Nguyen‐Nhon David , Nagendrababu Venkateshbabu , Pulikkotil Shaju J. , Rossi‐Fedele Giampiero 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this systematic review was to assess the effect of occlusal reduction on post‐operative pain following root canal treatment and was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement being registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42018089941). Two reviewers independently conducted a systematic literature search in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source and the Cochrane Library databases. Seven studies were included, of which three were used to perform meta‐analysis for 6 days post‐operative and the rest for qualitative synthesis. Three studies were assessed as low risk of bias, three as some concern, and one as high risk of bias. Occlusal reduction diminishes the post‐operative pain (SMD −1.10 (95%CI −2.06, −0.15) I2 = 96.9%) at 6 days for teeth diagnosed as irreversible pulpitis, and, overall, likely reduces post‐operative pain for patients presenting with irreversible pulpitis and/or symptomatic apical periodontitis. Future high‐quality clinical trials are needed to better understand the role of occlusal reduction.
Telomere regulation: lessons learnt from mice and men, potential opportunities in horses
Authors: Denham J. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryTelomeres are genetically conserved nucleoprotein complexes located at the ends of chromosomes that preserve genomic stability. In large mammals, somatic cell telomeres shorten with age, owing to the end replication problem and lack of telomere‐lengthening events (e.g. telomerase and ALT activity). Therefore, telomere length reflects cellular replicative reserve and mitotic potential. Environmental insults can accelerate telomere attrition in response to cell division and DNA damage. As such, telomere shortening is considered one of the major hallmarks of ageing. Much effort has been dedicated to understanding the environmental perturbations that accelerate telomere attrition and therapeutic strategies to preserve or extend telomeres. As telomere dynamics seem to reflect cumulative cellular stress, telomere length could serve as a biomarker of animal welfare. The assessment of telomere dynamics (i.e. rate of shortening) in conjunction with telomere‐regulating genes and telomerase activity in racehorses could monitor long‐term animal health, yet it could also provide some unique opportunities to address particular limitations with the use of other animal models in telomere research. Considering the ongoing efforts to optimise the health and welfare of equine athletes, the purpose of this review is to discuss the potential utility of assessing telomere length in Thoroughbred racehorses. A brief review of telomere biology in large and small mammals will be provided, followed by discussion on the biological implications of telomere length and environmental (e.g. lifestyle) factors that accelerate or attenuate telomere attrition. Finally, the utility of quantifying telomere dynamics in horses will be offered with directions for future research.
Myo‐inositol in health and disease: its impact on semen parameters and male fertility
Authors: Vazquez-Levin M.H. , Verón G.L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMyo‐inositol (cis‐1,2,3,5‐trans‐4,6‐cyclohexanehexol; MI) is the most prominent of nine inositol stereoisomers. MI, its phosphate derivatives, and associated lipids are widely found in vegetables and animal tissues and are known to participate in numerous biological processes.ObjectivesTo perform a review analysis on MI presence, functions, and impact in male fertility.Materials and MethodsA thorough search of listed publications in PubMed on MI and its derivatives was done.ResultsPublished information was found and compiled on MI identification, natural dietary sources and absorption, biosynthesis, concentrations, as well as MI as its derivatives (PI, PIP, GPI, IPG) roles in several human tissues and body fluids in health and disease. A section was focused on MI presence, biosynthesis, and functions in the mammalian male genital tract and in spermatozoa, and summarized reports describing the impact of in vivo and in vitro MI supplementation on human semen quality and fertility. Studies reported a discrete improvement in sperm motility in fresh and frozen‐thawed semen, and a better sperm performance in natural and assisted fertility.Discussion and ConclusionMI was reported as an effective supplement for sperm quality. In any case, several study designs lack appropriate controls or data analysis to confirm the relevance of the findings. While promising, larger prospective randomized controlled studies will be required to confirm the positive effect of MI supplementation in male infertility management. Moreover, further investigations are encouraged to unravel MI roles in sperm physiology and the underlying molecular mechanisms.