bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on analysis of interesting whitening agents in cosmetics products
Authors: Hameed Gatea Azhar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The skin whitening as known as skin lightening or skin bleaching is the most commonly used skincare treatment that helps to achieve a lighter and healthier skin complexion by reducing the melanin concentration in the skin in the practice of using chemical products. Several chemicals are effective in skin whitening, while some of them are toxic or have problematic safety profiles. The products requiring to contain either kind of whiting agents were seen to display labeling issues. Such an elevated number of differences suggested concerns of whether such differences between stated and revealed content of whiting agents. The Analytical chemical measurements of these objects look necessary, no reliable analytical methods have been recorded to determine most of these chemicals. Just the measurement of hydroquinone and some of its ethers is treated by a method registered by the European Commission.
Scalp hair as a screening tool for detecting trace elements concentration
Authors: Kadhim Fadhil Ayad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Health issues associated with critical trace elements that arise from insufficient (i.e. poor intake) and over-exposure. Measuring sensitivity is also a major problem for geneticists. Among noninvasive assays designed to quantify long-standing exposure to critical trace elements, scalp hair could be the most theoretically biological network. This analysis collects recent information relating to the safety of the scalp as a critical predictor of sensitivity to trace minerals such as cobalt, copper, boron, manganese, iron, selenium, molybdenum, silicon, zinc and vanadium. Particular consideration has been given to the exposure period through which the hair of the scalp is represented, and to the human variation of exposure rates over time in this matrix and the association between scalp hair and other essential markers, human characteristics and environmental influences. Where conventional and contemporary methods of washing and digesting scalp samples have been tested to train models for the measuring of trace metals in the scalp hair. The emergence of different approaches and new analytical procedures has made the usage of other less intrusive or noninvasive matrixes, for example hair. The existence of a chemical in these matrices indicates toxicity; however, associations between blood and the levels of non-invasive media must be established in order to insure that these quantities are associated to the total body load. The development of unique biomarkers which can be tested in this matrix would enhance non-invasive bio monitoring. Common spectral techniques such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry "ICP-MS", plasma spectroscopy laser ablation "LA-ICP-MS", atomic absorption spectroscopy, etc. They have very good analytical performance, but the samples in them are subject to significant damage or are destroyed in addition to being environmentally hazardous because they require the use of hazardous chemicals and take a relatively long time. Compared to the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy "LIBS" process we find that this process has several advantages, such as the flexibility and smallness of the device and the convenience of sample preparation, as well as the ability to analyze samples from a distance, particularly in hazardous and inaccessible places.
A Conductometric study of complexation reaction between dibenzyl-14-crown-4, with ZrO2+ in some binary mixed nonaqueous solvents
Authors: Mohammed Eteya Muhaned 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In Some binary methanol mixtures, (MeOH), 1,2 dichloroethane (DCE), acetonitrile (AN), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), with dimethylformamide (DMF) at different temperatures using the conductometric process, the reaction of macrocyclic ligand to complexation, dibenzyl-14-crown-4 (DB14C4) with ZrO2+ cation was examined. The conductance data show that in all solvent systems, the stoichiometry of the complex formed between (DB14C4) and ZrO2+ cation is 1:1 (M:L). The stability order of (DB 14C4.ZrO)2+complex in pure non-aqueous solvents was found to be: [AN], [DCE], [MeOH], [THF], [DMF]. A non-linear behaviour was observed improvements in log Kf of (DB14C4.ZrO)2+ complex or Binary mixed solvent composition, It Was clarified as to the Interactions with solvents and even solvents in terms of the hetero-selective solving of the ecosystem affected by complexation response. The obtained results show that the stability of (DB14C4.ZrO)2+ complex is sensitive to the composition of the mixed solvent. The values of thermodynamic parameters ΔH°cand ΔS°c) for the formation of (DB14C4.ZrO)2+complex using van’t Hoff maps, the stability constant was obtained from temperature dependence. The results show that in most cases, the (DB 14C4.ZrO)2+complex is enthalpy destabilized but entropy balanced and the values and signs of thermodynamic parameters are often These are decided by nature and composition of the mixed solvents.
Synthesis and Identification of Some IminoFlavone derivatives with Evaluating of Their anti-oxidant activity
Authors: shkyair lihumis Hala , Abdulla Aowda Saadon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work deals with the preparation of high yield iminoflavone compounds by simple through three parts: the first part of this study involves the preparation of (2,4-dihydroxychalcone) by the reaction of 2,4-dihydroxy acetophenone to condensation with aryl aldehyde by used of sodium hydroxide catalysts. The second part of this study includes the preparation of (minochalcone) with p-hydroxy aniline through the condensation reaction of 2,4-dihydroxy chalcone using the catalysts H2SO4,. The three part includes the preparation of (minochalcone) from substituted 2,4-diydroxyl iminochalcone in DMSO and in the presence of iodine.T LC to control the chemical reaction and to characterize the new derivatives using FT-IR, H1-NMR techniques. These synthesized compounds had also been assessed by (DPPH) method, the compounds (C1-C15) evaluated for their antioxidant activity, the compound C3 is strong antioxidant activity (IC50=18.07 μg/mL comparable to that of the well known (ascorbic acid) (IC50=31.95 μg/mL) used.
Addition of different level of zeolite powder on Japanese quail bird feed and its effects on carcass parameters
Authors: Al-Tikriti Samawal Sadi Abdullah , Al-Basha Samar Bashir 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Study was carried out at the poultry farm of the animal resource Department - Collage of Agriculture - Tikrit University for the period from 14\11\2018 to 12\2\2019 and the main aim of this study was to improve importance of addition of different levels of zeolite on Japanese quail bird feed and its effect on the primary and secondary carcass parts. And in this study a 240 birds were used and these were divided into four treatments with three replicates for each treatment and each replicates contained 20 birds with percent of one male and three female. And the birds feed with 20% percentage of protein and 2800 kilo calorie of energy.
The treatments were divided as following:
First treatment (T1) control treatment without addition of zeolite
Second treatment (T2) second treatment addition of 2g\kg feed of zeolite powder
Third treatment (T3) third treatment addition of 3g\kg feed of zeolite powder
Fourth treatment (T4) fourth treatment addition of 4g\kg feed of zeolite powder
The results showed that addition of zeolite have significant effect (p < 0.05) on live body weight, carcass weight and main carcass parts (chest, thigh, back, wings and neck) at the treatment with addition of 3g of zeolite powder in compare with other study treatments.
Molecular detection of genetically modified organisms in seeds from local Iraqi markets
Authors: Jasur Basim Abdul Wahid , Hussein Khalid Ali , Ahmed Mohanad Muhsin 
Published: November 2020

Summery
91 samples were collected for both soybeans and soybean meal as well as rice cereals. Obtained during the current study period that started from December 2019 until March 2020, and samples were transferred to the Food Laboratory in the College of Veterinary Medicine University of Karbala. DNA was isolated from dry vegetable isolates (soybean and its by-products and rice cereals) for the varieties approved in the study using prepared protocol steps. When measuring the optical density (OD) of the DNA of all isolates, most purity values were found between (1.7 - 2.0). During the current study period, two molecular methods were used to investigate GM crops. The first method was the investigation using the PCR polymerase chain reaction in this method. Two primers were used, and they are commonly used in genetic modification. They are the CaMV-35S promoter and the terminator Nos terminator in the present study. The second method is detection using the douplex PCR chain. The current results showed that three genotypes out of seventeen genotypes belonging to the soybean meal were genetically modified containing the catalyst and terminator for the same sample of healthy Fead No. 1 soybean samples, Healthy Fead No. 2, and Healthy Fead soybean meal. No.3 using both the mono PCR chain reaction and the douplex PCR chain reaction. While all samples tested for rice grains using the same primers for the current study showed that they are free from genetic modification using the Conventioal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Fungal Diversity of Winter Wheat Parts, Seed and Field Soil in Iraq, Basra Province
Authors: Minati Mohammed Hussein , Mohammed-Ameen Mohanad Khalaf 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to survey the fungal microflora in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), ear, stem, root, seed and field soil in 17 field distributed on Basra province, Iraq. The mycoflora of plant parts, seeds and soil were determined morphologically and molecularly. In total 46 genera with 66 species of different fungal groups were found. The prevalent fungal group on all examined sources was the anamophic Ascomycota (85.34%), followed by Zygomycota (5.46%). Telemorphic Ascomycota was only at (3.64%) and Basidiomycota was in less than (1%). Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium were the dominant genera in soil and rhizosphere region. The same genera were found in seed but Alternaria was instead of Fusarium. The fungal diversity in plant parts was different, as Alternaria, Fusarium, Helminthosporium, Cladosporium, Penicillium and Aspergillus genera were more occurrence. The highest total fungal population was observed in rhizosphere region and soil, and the lowest was in wheat head. The occurrence of collective fungal community was almost identical in wheat seed, root and stem.
Protective effect of red cabbage and garlic extracts against Fumonisin B1 induced hepatotoxicity in male mice
Authors: AL-Fayyadh Mohanad Salam , Wadood Shatha Abdul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Red cabbage and garlic extracts have protective effect against liver damage induced by fumonisin B1 (FB1) in male mice was studied. Randomly sixty mice have been divided in to six groups. Group one are the healthy mice, Group two are mice received oral dose of only FB-1 (100 μg/kg.b.w) once on daily for 1 month, Group three: mice received with red cabbage extract (500 mg/kg.bw) plus FB1, Group four: mice receiving just red cabbage extracts, Group five: mice receiving garlic extract (500mg/kg.bw) plus FB1, group 6: mice received only garlic extract. After finished the experiment, samples of blood were used for biochemical examination. The results indicated that group (2) mice treated with Fumonisin B1 had significant increased (p less than 0.05) regarding the liver enzymes namely LDH, ALP, AST, GGT, as well as ALT and also in this work there has been significant increase (p less than 0.05) in lipid profile, T.ch, TG, HDL, VLDL but significantly decrease in reduction of LDL. Oral administration related to red cabbage as well as the garlic extracts produced significantly reducing the level related to serum of the VLDL, TG, LDH, ALP, AST, ALP, GGT, T.ch, ALT as well as HDL and cause increase significant in LDL.
Comparative study between summer and winter of selected Heavy elements in water, sediment and two species of aquatic plants collection from Al-Gharraf River near Al- Gharraf oil field- Thi-Qar province – Iraq
Authors: Ali Ali Sabeeh , Roomi Ali B. , Ali Hayder Hasan , Fadaam Suha A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study was deal with Concentration of some Heavy elements (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn) in water, sediment and two species of plant (Phragmites australis and Ceratophyllim demersum). in water, sediment and two species of aquatic plants collection from Al-Gharraf River, samples were collected of three stations in Al- Gharraf River to investigates the possibility of pollution in this area with these elements. three station (Al-Fajr districts, Qal’at Sukkar districts and Al-Rifa’I districts) were chosen to execute this study during the period from winter and summer 2019. Some physical and chemical variable of this river in water (water Temp., pH, Salinity, DO, BOD5) were measured in the study area, also total organic carbon was measured and the result expressed as a percentage. The high water temperature was recorded (17.00 °C in winter to 26.33 °C in summer), pH (7.44 to 7.73) and salinity (0.66 to 1.66)ppt, DO(7.06 to 3.07), BOD5 (4.34 to 2.91). Also, all the Heavy elements recorded a significant increase in water and Ceratophyllin demersum plant samples in the winter higher than summer and in the sediments and Phragmites australis plant the rise in the winter was only in the elements nickel and zinc, but in cadmium and lead were concentration low or do not make a big difference in the winter compared to the summer. Where there is a positive relationship between the increase in concentrations of Heavy elements in the samples studied and increase in the amount of rain, speed of runoff and the rise in water level in the river in winter due to the volume of rising smoke as a result of pollution which descends during the rainfall and erosion of the edges of the river and lack of control over the domestic sewage that has been brought into the river. As well as probable cause to exist Al-Gharraf oil field that newly established and located north of Fajr city, was considered a control station and opposite to the Qal’at Sukkar city and south of Al-Rifai city we can be observed through the results which show a gradual rise in the second and third stations and the third station was higher than stations 1 and 2.
Ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blocks in pediatric anesthesia: non-systematic review
Authors: alhamaidah Majid Fakhir , AH Hussain , alkhfaji Hussein , RH Sami , Abd-Alzahra Hamza Sh. , Roomi Ali B. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background: The ultrasound guidance for regional anesthesia has gate a widespread as a recent technique to identify, visualize, and monitoring targeted nerves, needle insertion local anesthetic injection and distribution, catheters and adjacent anatomical structures, and helps to avoid complications such as inadvertent intravascular or intrafascicular injection in comparison to other traditional techniques.

Purpose of review: To show and explain if any superiority has added to brachial plexus approaches with this sonography guidance for the pediatric population over other traditional techniques in terms of increasing the success rate or reducing the complications.

Methods: Three authors1 independently searched the literature using MEDLINE and EMBASE bibliographic databases, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and manually in either the title or abstract, we also searched Google Scholar, Web of Science and reviewed the references of included trials for potentially relevant trials.

Results: Reviewed literature suggests that ultrasound-guided peripheral blocks reduce block performance time in comparison with nerve stimulation, increase the success rate, reduced intended LA agent, and increase the quality of the block (as measured by analgesic consumption, block duration, and pain scores).

Conclusion: The introduction of ultrasound imaging improved the safety profile, reduced performance time, and advanced the upper limbs block approach.
Synthesisg ofg silverg nanoparticlesg fromg Streptococcusg pyogenesg andg antimicrobialg activity
Authors: Hathal Wurud Ali , Alsultany Shaimaa Jassim , Abd Frial Gemeel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Theg useg of microorganisms like bacterial in the synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as an eco-friendly approach and an alternative to the chemicals method. In the presentg study, reported the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the Streptococcus pyogenes. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized through the reduction ofg aqueous Ag + ion using the bacterial culture supernatants at room temperature.
Synthesis of AgNPs was initially observed by color change from yellow to brown which was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy The silver nanoparticles were further characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analyses and X_ ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized nanoparticles were found to be spherical in shape with ag size in the range of 20-100nM. The synthesized AgNPs were found to have antibacterial activity against two tested pathogenic bacteria (Gram negative bacteriag E.coli and Gram positive bacteriag S. aureus.
Efficiency of bio-evaporation of Arugula leaves to control root rot disease on cucumber caused by Pythium intermedium in Greenhouse
Authors: Al-Mohamadawy Abdulzahra J. , Al-Haidery Ali Ajil , Aljawasim Baker D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The efficiency of the Arugula (Eruca vesicaria) leaves extracts against the fungus Pythium intermedium, the root rot disease agent, was evaluated with three concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 g / kg soil as biofumigation. The fungi around infected root of cucumber plants were isolated and diagnosed from different locations in Baghdad such as Rashidiya, Madaen, Yousifiya and Mahmudiya. The extract of arugula plants significantly reduced the incidence and severity of root rot disease on cucumber plant after 45 days of cultivation compared with control. The highest reduction in incidence and severity of the disease was about 4% and 5% respectively with arugula extract 10 g / kg soil. The study was the first record to evaluate the incidence of P. intermedium on root of cucumber plants in Iraq. Further, all concentrations of arugula extract showed increase on the growth parameters compared with control. In arugula extract 10 g/kg soil the growth parameter such as plant length, leaf length, leaf width, wet weight and dry weight were 35 cm, 5.5 cm, 6 cm, 4 g and 0.28 g respectively. Furthermore, Significant differences in the value of the biological index of arugula plant extract treatments ranging from 2627 to 3433 compared to the treatment of P. intermedium, which was about 1910, while did not differ significantly from the treatment of control with a vital index of 3830.
Activity of some natural products and their toxicity in controlling Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz
Authors: Samarrai Ghassan.F.Al. , Khaleel Rana Ibrahim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Three ethanol extracts (concentrations 500-5000 ppm) from Eucalyptus camaldulensis L., Nerium oleander, L(Oleander) and Ricinus communis.L (Castor) were evaluated for their anti-microbial activity on the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. The toxicity (LC50) of these extracts was determined using the (BST) Brine Sharimp test. Crude extraction of Oleander and Castor plant showed a complete fungal inhibition zone in PDA medium at 3000ppm (100%) in the mango anthracnose in vitro, while Eucalyptus recorded more than 80% fungus inhibition. The LC50 value of those extracts was ranged from 5 mg/ml to 495mg/ml, levels that were for below the hight toxic level of 0.2 mg/ml based on their safe levels fungal inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The botanicals can be considered as alternative to synthetic in future researches.
DETECTION OF SOME TYPES OF OILS THAT INDUCE LIPASE PRODUCTION IN SOME BACTERIAL ISOLATES
Authors: Najem Ashwaq Hazem , Ahmad Intithar Thanoon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bacterial lipases are a highly versatile class of hydrolytic enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerol to glycerol and fatty acids. They play an important role in biotechnological and industrial processes, including oleo chemical, food, pharmaceutical detergent formulation, cosmetic, leather, textile, and paper industries applications. Tremendous interest among scientists and industrialists has been arisen in the last decade in microbial lipases due to their versatility and ease of mass production.
In the current work, natural oils such as Triglyceride, Tween 20, Tween 80, Olive oil, Sweet almond, Celery oil, Sesame, Rosemary oils were implemented to enhance lipase production by soil and pathogenic bacterial isolates. Results revealed that triglyceride and tween 80 had the best enhancing activity for lipase production in most isolates. It was also shown that Pseudomonas and Bacillus were the most potential lipase producing bacteria.
A novel modified tributary agar was prepared by the addition of Sudan blue dye and used for the detection of lipase producers. It was shown to give a very clear zone even in the case of weak producing strains as compared to the original medium.
Specific lipase activity had been determined Staphylococcus aureus (in the present research. The highest lipase activity was demonstrated by Pseudomonas (4.5u/ml), while Staphylococcus aureus did not show any lipase activity.
A new adsorption material based GO/PVP/AAc composite hydrogel characterization, study kinetic and thermodynamic to removal Atenolol drug from wast water
Authors: Mhammed Alzayd Asawer A. , Atyaa Ahmed Issa , Radhy Nadher D , Jasim Al-Hayder Layth S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIncreased contamination of pharmaceutical compounds and their presence have led to real health problems. In this study used Poly (Graphene oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid (GO/PVP/AAc) as the innovator composite/hydrogel, were tried out atenolol drug. It has been proven to be effective in laboratory elimination of solutions. The composite prepration via free radical polymerization by using Specific ratios between (PVP/AAc) hydrogel and graphene Oxide (GO). The innovator adsorbent was estimated characterized by FT.IR, and FE-SEM. A suite adsorption tests were studied using to performed the Optimal conditions Of which contact time, pH. Dosage of adsorbent, ionic strength, and temperature. The kinetic experimental data were carried out via two model first pseudo order and second pseudo order, the adsorption proocess followed Pseudo second -order kinetic model with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The adsorption isotherms of composite could be illustrated well by the Freundlich Langmuir and Timken equations, The process of Atenolol adsorption on composite was depended on Freundlich and Timken isotherms more than other. The study discusses the thermodynamic parameters including changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.