bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comorbidities of self‐reported fibromyalgia in United States adults: A cross‐sectional study from The National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC‐III)
Authors: Sleurs David , Tebeka Sarah , Scognamiglio Claire , Dubertret Caroline , Le Strat Yann 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundFibromyalgia has been associated with various physical and mental disorders. However, these comorbidities need to be quantified in a population‐based study.MethodWe compared participants with and without self‐reported fibromyalgia to assess (a) The prevalence of self‐reported fibromyalgia and its sociodemographic characteristics in a US representative sample, (b) The associations between self‐reported fibromyalgia and lifetime and past 12‐month mental and physical disorders and (c) The quality of life associated with self‐reported fibromyalgia. This cross‐sectional study used a large national sample (n = 36,309) of the US population, the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions‐III. Face to face interviews were conducted, collecting sociodemographic characteristics, diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders‐5 structured diagnosis and self‐reported medical conditions (including fibromyalgia).ResultsThe past 12‐month prevalence of self‐reported fibromyalgia was estimated at 2.05%. Participants with self‐reported fibromyalgia were significantly at higher risk to report a lifetime history of mental disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.32). Self‐reported fibromyalgia was also positively associated with 24 of the 27 physical conditions assessed in this study. Participants with self‐reported fibromyalgia were more likely to report a past 12‐month history of suicide attempts (aOR = 5.81), substance use disorders (aOR = 1.40), mood disorders (aOR = 2.67), anxiety disorders (aOR = 2.75) and eating disorders (aOR = 2.45). Participants with self‐reported fibromyalgia had lower levels of both mental and physical quality of life than those without fibromyalgia.ConclusionsParticipants with self‐reported fibromyalgia have a higher prevalence of comorbid mental and physical disorders, and lower mean levels of mental and physical quality of life than their counterparts without fibromyalgia.SignificanceWe showed here a strong association of self‐reported fibromyalgia with both mental and physical comorbidities. We showed that among participants with self‐reported fibromyalgia, more than 8 out of 10 had at least three other physical comorbidities, and almost half had at least three mental comorbidities. This is a cross‐sectional study using a representative sample of the US population with highly reliable psychiatric diagnosis that makes our results generalizable. Practitioners managing fibromyalgia should search and treat these comorbidities.
Laxative and antioxidant effects of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) leaf extract in experimental constipated rats
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Joo , Choi Eun Joo , Park Sihoon , Lee Jae‐Joon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRamie leaf (Boehmeria nivea L.) is rich in cellulose, polyphenol compounds, vitamin C, and minerals. The leaves of this plant, which are used for medicinal purposes, have long been reported to have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticolitis, and antidiabetic effects. We investigated the protective effects of ramie leaf ethanol extract (RLE) against loperamide‐induced constipation and oxidative stress in rats. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were administered 200 or 400 mg/kg body weight of RLE (RLEL and RLEH groups) by gavage, while normal (NOR) and control (CON) rats received saline. Loperamide (4.0 mg/kg, twice per day) was injected subcutaneously to induce constipation in RLEL, RLEH, and CON groups. Total fecal number, wet weight, and water content decreased, while the total number of loperamide‐induced fecal pellets in the distal colon increased with administration of RLE in a dose‐dependent manner. Gastrointestinal transit time was more greatly reduced in RLE‐treated groups than in the CON group. Serum total cholesterol (TC) level, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, was significantly lower in both RLEL and RLEH groups compared with the CON group. Intestinal mucosa malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production decreased significantly in a dose‐dependent manner in the RLE‐treated groups. Loperamide decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity, including that of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), while RLE administration increased the antioxidant activity. These results suggest that RLE exerts potent laxative and antioxidant effects in model rats with loperamide‐induced constipation.
Clustering of known low and moderate risk alleles rather than a novel recessive high‐risk gene in non‐BRCA1/2 sib trios affected with breast cancer
Authors: Hilbers Florentine S. , van ‘t Hof Peter J. , Meijers Caro M. , Mei Hailiang , Michailidou Kyriaki , Dennis Joe , Hogervorst Frans B. L. , Nederlof Petra M. , van Asperen Christi J. , Devilee Peter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBreast cancer risk is approximately twice as high in first‐degree relatives of female breast cancer cases than in women in the general population. Less than half of this risk can be attributed to the currently known genetic risk factors. Recessive risk alleles represent a relatively underexplored explanation for the remainder of familial risk. To address this, we selected 19 non‐BRCA1/2 breast cancer families in which at least three siblings were affected, while no first‐degree relatives of the previous or following generation had breast cancer. Germline DNA from one of the siblings was subjected to exome sequencing, while all affected siblings were genotyped using SNP arrays to assess haplotype sharing and to calculate a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 160 low‐risk variants. We found no convincing candidate recessive alleles among exome sequencing variants in genomic regions for which all three siblings shared two haplotypes. However, we found two families in which all affected siblings carried the CHEK2*1100delC. In addition, the average normalized PRS of the “recessive” family probands (0.81) was significantly higher than that in both general population cases (0.35, P = .026) and controls (P = .0004). These findings suggest that the familial aggregation is, at least in part, explained by a polygenic effect of common low‐risk variants and rarer intermediate‐risk variants, while we did not find evidence of a role for novel recessive risk alleles.
Assessing water and nitrate‐N losses from subsurface‐drained paddy lands by DRAINMOD‐N II
Authors: Hashemi Seyedeh‐Zohreh , Darzi‐Naftchali Abdullah , Qi Zhiming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effects of various drainage systems on water and nitrate‐N losses were investigated using DRAINMOD‐N II. Required field data were obtained during three growing seasons of canola in a subsurface drainage pilot in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. The calibrated model was used to assess the effects of different drain depths (D = 0.10–0.90 m with 0.10 m intervals) and spacing (L = 10–90 m with 10 m intervals) on seasonal drainage water and NO3−‐N concentration in drainage effluents. DRAINMOD‐N II performance was assessed using different criteria including absolute deviation (AD), root mean square error (RMSE) and determination coefficient (R2). The simulated and observed drainage discharges (0.97 vs 0.96 mm day−1) and NO3‐N concentrations (9.1 vs 14.1 mg l−1) were in good agreement in the calibration process. The model performance was also acceptable in the validation process (AD = 0.59–0.79 mm day−1; RMSE = 1.01–1.28 mm day−1; R2 = 0.59–0.79 for drainage discharge and AD = 8.3–16.3 mg l−1; RMSE = 12.4–27.6 mg l−1; R2 = 0.4 for NO3‐N). Based on the scenario analyses, the D0.40L50 drainage system was the best one, resulting in fewer environmental effects from the nitrate‐N and water loss viewpoints. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibodies using a CPE‐based colorimetric live virus micro‐neutralization assay in human serum samples
Authors: Manenti Alessandro , Maggetti Marta , Casa Elisa , Martinuzzi Donata , Torelli Alessandro , Trombetta Claudia M. , Marchi Serena , Montomoli Emanuele 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe micro‐neutralization assay is a fundamental test in virology, immunology, vaccine assessment, and epidemiology studies. Since the SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak at the end of December 2019 in China, it has become extremely important to have well‐established and validated diagnostic and serological assays for this new emerging virus. Here, we present a micro‐neutralization assay with the use of SARS‐CoV‐2 wild type virus with two different methods of read‐out. We evaluated the performance of this assay using human serum samples taken from an Italian seroepidemiological study being performed at the University of Siena, along with the human monoclonal antibody CR3022 and some iper‐immune animal serum samples against Influenza and Adenovirus strains. The same panel of human samples have been previously tested in enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a pre‐screening. Positive, borderline, and negative ELISA samples were evaluated in neutralization assay using two different methods of read‐out: subjective (by means of an inverted optical microscope) and objective (by means of a spectrophotometer). Our findings suggest that at least 50% of positive ELISA samples are positive in neutralization as well, and that method is able to quantify different antibody concentrations in a specific manner. Taken together, our results confirm that the colorimetric cytopathic effect‐based microneutralization assay could be used as a valid clinical test method for epidemiological and vaccine studies.
Comparison of SARS‐CoV‐2 detection from nasopharyngeal swab samples by the Roche cobas 6800 SARS‐CoV‐2 test and a laboratory‐developed real‐time RT‐PCR test
Authors: Pujadas Elisabet , Ibeh Nnaemeka , Hernandez Matthew M. , Waluszko Aneta , Sidorenko Tatyana , Flores Vanessa , Shiffrin Biana , Chiu Numthip , Young‐Francois Alicia , Nowak Michael D. , Paniz‐Mondolfi Alberto E. , Sordillo Emilia M. , Cordon‐Cardo Carlos , Houldsworth Jane , Gitman Melissa R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe urgent need to implement and rapidly expand testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection has led to the development of multiple assays. How these tests perform relative to one another is poorly understood. We evaluated the concordance between the Roche Diagnostics cobas 6800 SARS‐CoV‐2 test and a laboratory‐developed test (LDT) real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction based on a modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention protocol, for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in samples submitted to the Clinical Laboratories of the Mount Sinai Health System. A total of 1006 nasopharyngeal swabs in universal transport medium from persons under investigation were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 as part of routine clinical care using the cobas SARS‐CoV‐2 test with subsequent evaluation by the LDT. Cycle threshold values were analyzed and interpreted as either positive (“detected” or “presumptive positive”), negative (not detected), inconclusive, or invalid. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8. The cobas SARS‐CoV‐2 test reported 706 positive and 300 negative results. The LDT reported 640 positive, 323 negative, 34 inconclusive, and 9 invalid results. When excluding inconclusive and invalid results, the overall percent agreement between the two platforms was 95.8%. Cohen's κ coefficient was 0.904 (95% confidence interval, 0.875‐0.933), suggesting almost perfect agreement between both platforms. An overall discordance rate of 4.2% between the two systems may reflect differences in primer sequences, assay limit of detection, or other factors, highlighting the importance of comparing the performance of different testing platforms.
Patient follow‐up after discharge after COVID‐19 pneumonia: Considerations for infectious control
Authors: Zheng Zhong , Yao Zhixian , Wu Ke , Zheng Junhua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) represents a significant global medical issue, with a growing number of cumulative confirmed cases. However, a large number of patients with COVID‐19 have overcome the disease, meeting hospital discharge criteria, and are gradually returning to work and social life. Nonetheless, COVID‐19 may cause further downstream issues in these patients, such as due to possible reactivation of the virus, long‐term pulmonary defects, and posttraumatic stress disorder. In this study, we, therefore, queried relevant literature concerning severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and COVID‐19 for reference to come to a consensus on follow‐up strategies. We found that strategies, such as the implementation of polymerase chain reaction testing, imaging surveillance, and psychological assessments, starting at the time of discharge, were necessary for long‐term follow‐up. If close care is given to every aspect of coronavirus management, we expect that the pandemic outbreak will soon be overcome.
Anchoring of atmospheric teleconnection patterns by Arctic Sea ice loss and its link to winter cold anomalies in East Asia
Authors: Li Muyuan , Luo Dehai , Simmonds Ian , Dai Aiguo , Zhong Linhao , Yao Yao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the physical processes underlying recent winter cold anomalies over East Asia (EA) are examined via statistical analysis. It is found that the EA cold anomaly depends on the warming in the North Atlantic, sea ice loss in the Barents–Kara Sea (BKS), and atmospheric teleconnection patterns. Specifically, the sea ice loss in the BKS can anchor teleconnection patterns originating from different North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) patterns. Different patterns of North Atlantic warming can affect the position of the cold anomaly region through altering the atmospheric circulations. In addition, whether the relevant teleconnection pattern leads to enhanced cold anomaly over EA crucially depends on the sea ice loss in the BKS, because it can anchor the blocking anticyclone embedded in the teleconnection pattern over the Ural region and make it more persistent and quasi‐stationary. Furthermore, it is found that the role of SST modes in the EA cold anomaly depends on their time scales. Although the strong basin‐scale warming (north–south SST tripolar mode) in the North Atlantic mid‐ to high‐latitudes plays a major role in decadal (interannual) cold anomaly over EA, it appears that the Atlantic east–west SST dipole structure dominates winter temperature variations over EA in recent decades on both the interannual and decadal time scales.
Understanding the contributions of land parcel features to intra‐surface urban heat island intensity and magnitude: A study of downtown Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Tian‐tian , Liu Yu , Han Jie‐jie , Guo Yan‐jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the fine‐scale land parcel features and their influences on the intra‐surface urban heat island (SUHI) of four dense urban functional zones in downtown Shanghai. A thermal sharpening method was employed to map the high‐resolution intra‐SUHI intensity (SUHII) and magnitude (SUHIM) by integrating the cokriging interpolation of Landsat 8 thermal band 10 and Quickbird datasets. Together with three area proportions (area proportion of the cooling surface/CoolAP, area proportion of the buildings/BuildAP, and area proportion of the other impervious surface/OtherAP), the mean distance between the nearest neighboring buildings (BuildDist) and the building average story number (BuildSN) were used to characterize the land parcel features. The results showed that both the composition and the design attributes of land parcels were significantly related to the intra‐SUHI indicators (SUHII and SUHIM). Additionally, remarkable seasonal variations existed in the intra‐SUHI indicators. The results of the partial least square regression models explained 64.6–65.2% of the variance of the SUHIIs and 63.0–63.9% of the variance of the SUHIMs on hot days and 11.70–18.90% of the variance of the SUHIIs and 11.10–15.90% of the variance of the SUHIMs on cool and chilly days, respectively. This study provided compelling evidence that for a given land parcel, when fixing the effects of BuildAP or OtherAP, high levels of CoolAP, BuildSN, and BuildDist will help create a cooling microclimate on hot days. In contrast, high‐density land parcels with sparse cooling surface exhibit much higher SUHII and SUHIM levels than do low‐density parcels with dominant cooling surface.
Soil carbon stocks in Ethiopian forests and estimations of their future development under different forest use scenarios
Authors: Lehtonen Aleksi , Ťupek Boris , Nieminen Tiina M. , Balázs András , Anjulo Agena , Teshome Mindaye , Tiruneh Yibeltal , Alm Jukka 
Published: May 2020

AbstractContributions from all land‐uses are needed if Ethiopia is to fulfil its Paris Agreement targets. The magnitude of soil carbon stock and the role of Ethiopian forest soils in climate change mitigation has not yet been clarified. In this study, soil carbon inventory in forests was carried out as a part of the Ethiopia REDD+ Programme. The performance of soil carbon models Yasso07 and CENTURY was tested by comparing the model predictions with the empirical soil organic carbon (SOC) data provided by the field inventory. In addition to that, Global Soil Organic Carbon (GSOC) map estimates by the Food and Agriculture Organization for Ethiopia were included in the comparison. The soil inventory was carried out in 2017–2018 at a subset of permanent sampling units of the National Forest Inventory conducted in 2014–2017. A combination of soil inventory data, soil carbon models and satellite images enabled to quantify the impact of forest use intensity to future SOC sinks in Ethiopian forests in a novel way. The Yasso07 and CENTURY models provided similar SOC estimates to the measured data for all biomes, and the GSOC map overestimated in biomes with larger SOC stocks. Results showed that Moist Afromontane forest biome contains twice as much SOC per unit area compared to Combretum‐Terminalia forest biome and three‐times more SOC compared to Acacia‐Commiphora. Results underlined that sustainable forest management has a high potential for soil carbon development in Ethiopian forests in near future, impacting the ability of the Country to achieve its Paris Agreement targets.
Description of combined ARHSP/JALS phenotype in some patients with SPG11 mutations
Authors: Khani Marzieh , Shamshiri Hosein , Fatehi Farzad , Rohani Mohammad , Haghi Ashtiani Bahram , Akhoundi Fahimeh Haji , Alavi Afagh , Moazzeni Hamidreza , Taheri Hanieh , Ghani Mina Tolou , Javanparast Leila , Hashemi Seyyed Saleh , Haji‐Seyed‐Javadi Ramona , Heidari Matineh , Nafissi Shahriar , Elahi Elahe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSPG11 mutations can cause autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (ARHSP) and juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS). Because these diseases share some clinical presentations and both can be caused by SPG11 mutations, it was considered that definitive diagnosis may not be straight forward.MethodsThe DNAs of referred ARHSP and JALS patients were exome sequenced. Clinical data of patients with SPG11 mutations were gathered by interviews and neurological examinations including electrodiagnosis (EDX) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).ResultsEight probands with SPG11 mutations were identified. Two mutations are novel. Among seven Iranian probands, six carried the p.Glu1026Argfs*4‐causing mutation. All eight patients had features known to be present in both ARHSP and JALS. Additionally and surprisingly, presence of both thin corpus callosum (TCC) on MRI and motor neuronopathy were also observed in seven patients. These presentations are, respectively, key suggestive features of ARHSP and JALS.ConclusionWe suggest that rather than ARHSP or JALS, combined ARHSP/JALS is the appropriate description of seven patients studied. Criteria for ARHSP, JALS, and combined ARHSP/JALS designations among patients with SPG11 mutations are suggested. The importance of performing both EDX and MRI is emphasized. Initial screening for p.Glu1026Argfs*4 may facilitate SPG11 screenings in Iranian patients.
Proportionate Postnatal Growth in Preterm Neonates on Expressed Breast Milk Feeding With Selected Fortification
Authors: Tewari Vishal Vishnu , Kumar Ashutosh , Singhal Amit , Prakash Arya , Pillai Nayana , Varghese Jaya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreterm neonates not fed an exclusive human‐milk diet in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) show disproportionate postnatal growth. There are scant data on postnatal growth in neonates from India fed an exclusive expressed breast milk (EBM) diet. This study describes the postnatal changes in weight, length, and head circumference in preterm neonates given EBM with selected fortification.MethodsThe study had a prospective observational design. Exclusive EBM feeding, early initiation, and standardized progression of feeds was followed. Fortification of breast milk with human milk fortifier (HMF) or liquid calcium phosphate and multivitamins (CALVIT) or hindmilk (HM) was done based on the gestational age. Monitoring for weight, length, and head circumference was done from admission to discharge.ResultsNinety‐three preterm neonates were included in the study, of which 34 (36.6%) were small for gestational age. Thirty‐two (34.3%) neonates received EBM with HMF, 35 (35.7%) received EBM fortified with CALVIT and 26 (28%) neonates received HM fortification. There was a significant difference in the change in z‐scores from birth to discharge for the weight, length, and head circumference (P = .001). The mean increase in daily weight ranged from 8.8 to 9.5 g/d, whereas weekly change in length was 0.8–0.9 cm/wk, and head circumference was 0.7 cm/wk.ConclusionPostnatal growth of preterm neonates during NICU admission on exclusive EBM feeding with selected fortification resulted in a proportionate increase in weight, length, and head circumference.
Sulphonylureas monotherapy and risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A population‐based cohort study in China
Authors: Xu Yang , Wang Tiansheng , Yang Zhirong , Lin Hongbo , Shen Peng , Zhan Siyan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeThe risk of heart failure associated with sulphonylureas is unclear. We evaluated the association between sulphonylureas and hospitalization of heart failure (HHF) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was implemented using the Yinzhou Regional Health Care Database (YRHCD). We identified 15 752 adult patients with T2DM who were newly exposed to sulphonylurea monotherapy (N = 12 487) or acarbose monotherapy (N = 3265) from January 2010 to September 2016. Cox proportional hazards models weighted by inverse probability of treatment weights were used to compare the risk of HHF between initiators of sulphonylurea and acarbose.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 0.55 (0.49, 1.11) and 0.49 (0.35, 0.70) years for sulphonylureas and acarbose initiators separately, 320 patients developed HHF, with 279 events in sulphonylureas group, and 41 events in acarbose group. The incidence rates of HHF among sulphonylureas initiators and acarbose initiators were 22.2 (95% CI 19.6‐24.9) and 18.3 (95% CI 13.2‐24.9) per 1000 person‐years, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of HHF for sulphonylureas vs acarbose was 1.61 (95% CI 1.14‐2.27). When stratified by history of heart failure, aHR was 1.55 (95% CI 0.79‐3.06) in patients with a history of heart failure, and 1.64 (95% CI 1.10‐2.45) in patients with no history of heart failure.ConclusionsOur study suggested that use of sulphonylureas monotherapy compared with acarbose monotherapy for initial treatment of T2DM for approximately 0.5 years are significantly associated with a higher risk of HHF.