bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital Aortic Vascular Ring: In-Utero Sonographic Assessment of Tracheal Patency and Postnatal Outcome
Authors: Achiron Reuven Ryszard , Kassif Eran , Gilboa Yinon , Salem Yishay , Jakobson Yizhak , Raviv-Zilka Lisa , Kivilevitch Zvi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective Congenital aortic vascular ring may present after birth with variable degrees of respiratory distress due to tracheal compression. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate in utero tracheal patency in correlation with postnatal outcome.
Methods During an eight-year period, fetuses with aortic arch abnormality encircling the trachea and forming a complete ring were recruited for the study. Tracheal patency was classified as: no compression, partial compression, or complete compression. Postnatal MRI/CTangio studies were performed and outcome data was retrospectively analyzed from the medical records.
Results Among the 46 fetuses recruited to the study, 38 had right aortic arch (RAA), and 8 presented with double aortic arch (DAA). In the RAA group 35 (92.1 %) of the fetuses presented no compression and 34 (97.1 %) of them were asymptomatic in the long-term follow-up. Three fetuses (7.9 %) in this group presented in utero compression: one was terminated at 16 weeks of gestation due to associated ominous findings, and the other two had mild respiratory symptoms around 12 months of age and underwent surgery with a good outcome. In the DAA group, all fetuses presented in utero with tracheal compression. Seven showed partial and one complete compression. Among the seven with partial compression, six were symptomatic and underwent surgery. The case with severe airway occlusion had emergency tube insertion in the delivery room and underwent surgery at 7 days but died from severe respiratory complications.
Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate in utero tracheal patency in cases with vascular ring. It allows better prenatal and postnatal workup and follow-up including potentially life-threatening respiratory failure.
Palladium Nanoparticles Anchored on Magnesium Organosilicate: An Effective and Selective Catalyst for the Heck Reaction
Authors: Domingues Nelson Luís C. , dos Santos Beatriz F. , da Silva Beatriz A. L. , de Oliveira Aline R. , Sarragiotto Maria H. , Rinaldi Andrelson W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA new and effective palladium catalyst supported on a magnesium organosilicate for application in the Heck reaction is presented. A group of compounds comprising 22 examples were synthesized in moderate to high yields (up to 99%) within a short time. The palladium supported on magnesium organosilicate catalyst was characterized as an amorphous solid by SEM, containing around 33% of palladium inside the solid, and even with this low quantity of palladium, the catalyst was very efficient in the Heck reaction. Besides, based on the Scherrer equation, the crystallite size of the synthesized palladium nanoparticles was ultrasmall (around 1.3 nm). This strategy is a simple and efficient route for the formation of C–C bonds via the Heck cross-coupling reaction.
Formal [5+3] Cycloaddition between Isatin-Based α-(Trifluoromethyl)imine Ylides and Vinyloxiranes: Diastereoselective Access to Medium-Heterocycle-Fused Spirooxindoles
Authors: Zhao Hong-Wu , Wang Li-Ru , Ding Wan-Qiu , Guo Jia-Ming , Tang Zhe , Song Xiu-Qing , Wu Hui-Hui , Fan Xiao-Zu , Bi Xiao-Fan , Zhong Qi-Di 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the presence of Pd2(dba)3·CHCl3 (2.5 mol%), PPh3 (10 mol%), and 60% NaH (1.5 equiv), the formal [5+3] cycloaddition between isatin-based α-(trifluoromethyl)imines and vinyloxiranes proceeded readily in 1,2-DCE at 40 ℃ and afforded cis-configured medium-heterocycle-fused spirooxindoles in the reasonable chemical yields with >20:1 dr. The relative stereochemical configuration of the title products was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Aminocatalytic Synthesis of Uracil Derivatives Bearing a Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Scaffold via a Doubly Cycloadditive Reaction Cascade
Authors: Albrecht Łukasz , Saktura Maciej , Frankowski Sebastian , Joachim Bartłomiej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAminocatalytic synthesis of highly enantiomerically enriched uracil derivatives bearing a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane scaffold is described. The developed strategy utilizes 1,3,6-trimethyl-5-formyluracil and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as starting materials and has been realized employing various aminocatalytic activation strategies operating in a synergistic manner. The reaction cascade can be described as doubly cycloadditive as it consists of two consecutive Diels–Alder cycloadditions allowing for a facile construction of the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane scaffold. Notably, both steps proceed with dearomatization of the partially aromatic uracil moiety. Excellent stereoselectivity of the reaction cascade is ensured by the use of 2-(diphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine as aminocatalyst.
Risk Factors for Mortality among Newborns with Neonatal Seizures
Authors: Tanous Osama , Watad Mohamad , Felszer-Fisch Clari , Peniakov Marina , Miron Dan , Salim Raed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to examine the incidence and risk factors for death among neonates who developed neonatal seizures (NS) in an ethnically distinctive community with high consanguinity rate in Israel.
Methods Retrospective study was conducted at a single institution on data between January 2001 and January 2016. All neonates diagnosed with NS developed up to age 28 days were included. Mortality was defined as death within the first year of life.
Results Of all 69,460 neonates born during the study period, 118 (1.7 per 1,000 live births) developed NS; 35 (29.7%) died within the first year while 83 (70.3%) survived. The leading causes of death were developmental brain malformation (31.4%), genetic/metabolic (20%), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (20%), intracranial hemorrhage (11.4%) and infections (11.4%). Any consanguinity between the parents was found in 18 and 14.6% among the survivors and deceased groups, respectively (p = 0.24). Developmental brain malformations that lead to death were present in 3.6 and 31.4% in the survivors and deceased groups, respectively (p = 0.001; relative risk 8.70; 95% confidence interval 2.58–29.27). Stepwise backward logistic regression analysis revealed that developmental brain malformations (p < 0.0001), use of more than one antiepileptic medication (p = 0.006), and multiorgan failure (p = 0.004) were significant risk factors that predicted death.
Conclusion The results of the current study show that developmental brain malformations that cause NS were the leading risk factor for death.
Multicenter Experience with Nusinersen Application via an Intrathecal Port and Catheter System in Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Flotats-Bastardas Marina , Hahn Andreas , Schwartz Oliver , Linsler Steffan , Meyer Sascha , Kolodziej Malgorzata , Koehler Cornelia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNusinersen, an antisense oligonucleotide enhancing the production of the survival motor neuron protein, is approved for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) but requires repetitive lumbar punctures. Application via a subcutaneous port connected to a permanent intrathecal catheter has been proposed as an alternative for patients with severe scoliosis, spinal fusion, or comorbidities, rendering serial interlaminar punctures complicated and risky. Since experience with this technique is sparse and follow-up data are lacking, we assessed feasibility, safety, and tolerability of this approach in eight patients with SMA II/SMA III receiving Nusinersen in a multicenter study. Median age at port implantation was 21 years (range: 10–30 years), and median follow-up time thereafter was 19 months (range: 7–24 months). Leakage of the port catheter occurred in two patients, promptly resolving after resuturing. No further complications such as infection, dislocation, kinking, or obstruction of the port were noted in any of the patients. These findings suggest that application via an intrathecal port and catheter system represents a safe and feasible option for Nusinersen treatment in subjects with SMA. However, to detect rare adverse events longer term follow-up in a larger study cohort is warranted.
Not Just Fat: Imaging in Abdominal Fat Pathology
Authors: Patil Aruna R. , Nandikoor Shrivalli , Jagannath Pramod , Bansal Amit 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFat in abdomen has diverse distribution and function. Insult to fat due to several causes can result in infarction or necrosis and present as acute abdomen clinically. Intra-abdominal focal fat infarction is one such condition that comprises of epiploic appendagitis, perigastric appendagitis, omental infarction, and torsion of fatty appendage of falciform ligament that have characteristic imaging features. Secondary causes of fat necrosis include pancreatitis or trauma related. Metabolic or responsive fat changes, like hypertrophy and dystrophy, can be diagnosed on imaging especially on computed tomography. Mesentric fat stranding including the mesentric panniculitis spectrum poses diagnostic dilemma and the causes and imaging role are covered in this review. Some infections and neoplasms that preferably affect abdominal fat compartments may mimic benign conditions, although some have specific patterns of involvement.
Anorectal Malformations and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer—Is Early Routine Endoscopic Screening Indicated?
Authors: Svenningsson Anna , Gunnarsdottir Anna , Wester Tomas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported in early adulthood in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM), and therefore, the need of endoscopic controls has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of CRC in patients with ARM.
Materials and Methods This was a nationwide population-based study with data from Swedish national health care registers. All patients diagnosed with ARM born in Sweden between 1964 and 1999 were identified in the National Patient Register. The same group was followed up in the Swedish Cancer Register from birth to December 31, 2014, for occurrences of CRC. Five age- and gender-matched individuals randomly selected from the Medical Birth Register served as controls for each ARM patient born between 1973 and 1999.
Results A total of 817 patients (474 males) with ARM were included and followed up from birth to the end of observational period. Time of follow-up ranged from 15 to 50 years (mean: 28 years). None of the patients was diagnosed with CRC during the observational period. One case of rectal cancer and one case of sigmoid cancer were detected among the 3,760 controls.
Conclusion In our study, the risk of CRC in early adulthood in patients with ARM is low. Our result does not support routine endoscopic follow-up for patients with ARM during the first decade of life.
The Relationship between Serum Total Bilirubin and Severity of Hypoxic Injury in Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Haga Mitsuhiro , Kawabata Ken , Sumiya Wakako , Kurita Saori , Imanishi Toshiyuki , Kanno Chika , Kanno Masayuki , Kanno Masami , Shimizu Masaki 
Published: October 2020

Introduction Bilirubin has been found to be a natural antioxidant protecting the body from oxidative stress. This study aims to investigate the severity of neonatal hypoxic injury on bilirubin levels to clarify the physiological role of bilirubin.
Study Design Using lactate as a biomarker for the severity of hypoxic injury, we retrospectively analyzed the association of admission lactate levels on serum total bilirubin (TB) levels following birth in neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). We created a univariate linear regression model to predict TB using the admission lactate level as a predictor. We also performed a multivariate linear regression analysis to predict TB with admission lactate levels that included phenobarbital cumulative dosage, admission hematocrit, and subgaleal hemorrhage as predictor variables.
Results A total of 86 patients were studied. Admission lactate levels had a significant negative effect on TB from admission to 3 days of life. The standardized regression coefficient for admission lactate on TB was −0.37 (admission), −0.42 (day 1), −0.32 (day 2), and −0.28 (day 3). A similar negative effect of admission lactate on TB levels was also observed in the multivariate linear regression model even after controlling for the other variables.
Conclusion These results are consistent with the hypothesis that bilirubin functions as an antioxidant in vivo, and is consumed by scavenging free radicals in proportion to the severity of hypoxic injury.
Key Points
The Austrian Corona Panel Project: monitoring individual and societal dynamics amidst the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Kittel Bernhard , Kritzinger Sylvia , Boomgaarden Hajo , Prainsack Barbara , Eberl Jakob-Moritz , Kalleitner Fabian , Lebernegg Noëlle S. , Partheymüller Julia , Plescia Carolina , Schiestl David W. , Schlogl Lukas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSystematic and openly accessible data are vital to the scientific understanding of the social, political, and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article introduces the Austrian Corona Panel Project (ACPP), which has generated a unique, publicly available data set from late March 2020 onwards. ACPP has been designed to capture the social, political, and economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the Austrian population on a weekly basis. The thematic scope of the study covers several core dimensions related to the individual and societal impact of the COVID-19 crisis. The panel survey has a sample size of approximately 1500 respondents per wave. It contains questions that are asked every week, complemented by domain-specific modules to explore specific topics in more detail. The article presents details on the data collection process, data quality, the potential for analysis, and the modalities of data access pertaining to the first ten waves of the study.
Computationally enhanced quantitative phase microscopy reveals autonomous oscillations in mammalian cell growth
Authors: Liu Xili , Oh Seungeun , Peshkin Leonid , Kirschner Marc W. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
It has been a long-standing question in cell growth studies whether the mass of cells grows linearly or exponentially. The two models imply fundamentally distinct mechanisms, and discrimination of the two requires exceptional measurement accuracy. Here, we develop a method, computationally enhanced quantitative phase microscopy, which greatly improves the accuracy and throughput for single-cell growth measurements in adherent mammalian cells. Studies in several cell lines indicate that the growth dynamics of individual cells cannot be explained by either of the simple conventional models; rather, they present an unanticipated and remarkable oscillatory behavior, suggesting more complex regulation and feedbacks in growth, cell division, and size.
Structural basis of Chikungunya virus inhibition by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Zhou Qun Fei , Fox Julie M. , Earnest James T. , Ng Thiam-Seng , Kim Arthur S. , Fibriansah Guntur , Kostyuchenko Victor A. , Shi Jian , Shu Bo , Diamond Michael S. , Lok Shee-Mei 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a significant human pathogen that causes debilitating and long-lasting arthritis. Currently, there is no approved vaccine or specific therapeutic. We show that two highly potent anti-CHIKV antibodies—CHK-124 and CHK-263—can inhibit multiple steps of the CHIKV infection cycle and determined their cryogenic electron microscopy structures in complex with CHIKV particles to a 4- to 5-Å resolution. We describe the structural details of the epitopes of CHK-124 and CHK-263 and how they relate to their functional mechanisms of neutralization. Our results provide important information that will advance antibody therapeutics and vaccine development against this emerging pathogen.
Phase separation at the nanoscale quantified by dcFCCS
Authors: Peng Sijia , Li Weiping , Yao Yirong , Xing Wenjing , Li Pilong , Chen Chunlai 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Liquid–liquid phase separation causes formation of membraneless condensates containing concentrated biomolecules, which play essential roles in diverse cellular processes. Currently, micrometer-scale phase-separated condensates are examined routinely to elucidate their functions and mechanisms in details. However, limited by current commonly used methods, the transition process from miscible individual molecules to micrometer-scale condensates is mostly unknown. Herein, we captured formation of nanoscale condensates, whose size, growth rate, molecular stoichiometry, and binding affinity to recruit client molecules were all quantified. To achieve this, we developed a dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (dcFCCS) method, and we expect that dcFCCS can be widely applied to investigate phase separation of other biomolecules at the nanoscale.
PLA2G6 guards placental trophoblasts against ferroptotic injury
Authors: Beharier Ofer , Tyurin Vladimir A. , Goff Julie P. , Guerrero-Santoro Jennifer , Kajiwara Kazuhiro , Chu Tianjiao , Tyurina Yulia Y. , St Croix Claudette M. , Wallace Callen T. , Parry Samuel , Parks W. Tony , Kagan Valerian E. , Sadovsky Yoel 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Placental dysfunction has been causally linked to major pregnancy complications that are implicated in maternal–fetal morbidity and mortality, but the mechanisms underlying placental dysfunction are largely unknown. The recently identified ferroptotic cell death is characterized by excessive accumulation of hydroperoxide phosphatidylethanolamines. While oxidative damage commonly defines placental dysfunction, the role of ferroptosis in this process is largely unknown. We found that preterm birth is associated with ferroptotic signals, and that inhibition of GPX4, which converts unstable lipid hydroperoxides to nontoxic lipid alcohols, causes ferroptotic injury in primary human trophoblasts and in mouse pregnancy. Importantly, we found that the phospholipase PLA2G6 mitigates trophoblast and placental ferroptosis. Together, we identified placental ferroptosis and established a role for PLA2G6 in attenuating ferroptosis.
Entropy-controlled cross-linking in linker-mediated vitrimers
Authors: Lei Qun-Li , Xia Xiuyang , Yang Juan , Pica Ciamarra Massimo , Ni Ran 
Published: October 2020

Significance
The recently developed linker-mediated vitrimers based on metathesis reactions offer new possibilities of processing cross-linked polymers with high mechanical performance in industry, while the design principle remains unknown. Here we propose a theoretical framework for describing the system of linker-mediated vitrimers, in which entropy is found to play a dictating role. Our mean field theory agrees quantitatively with computer simulations, and provides guidelines for the rational design of the linker-mediated vitrimers with desired properties.
Extracellular cyclic dinucleotides induce polarized responses in barrier epithelial cells by adenosine signaling
Authors: Chang Denis , Whiteley Aaron T. , Bugda Gwilt Katlynn , Lencer Wayne I. , Mekalanos John J. , Thiagarajah Jay R. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are important signaling molecules that are involved in many microbial processes and in the host cell response to intracellular pathogens. Intracellular CDN signaling is mediated by well-described sensor proteins; however, much less is known about how CDNs signal in the extracellular environment. Here we discover, in intestinal epithelial cells, that extracellular CDNs are hydrolyzed by enzymes present in the cell membrane to form adenosine and activate cell-surface adenosine receptors. This stimulates epithelial chloride secretion and inhibits cellular antiviral responses. Signaling originates exclusively from the serosal tissue-facing side of the epithelium. Our study implicates adenosine signaling as an important mechanism by which extracellular CDNs can modulate host defense at mucosal surfaces.
Liquid drop of DNA libraries reveals total genome information
Authors: Terekhov Stanislav S. , Eliseev Igor E. , Ovchinnikova Leyla A. , Kabilov Marsel R. , Prjibelski Andrey D. , Tupikin Alexey E. , Smirnov Ivan V. , Belogurov Alexey A. , Severinov Konstantin V. , Lomakin Yakov A. , Altman Sidney , Gabibov Alexander G. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
DNA libraries are predisposed to template mispairing during conventional “bulk” PCR, leading to the loss of unique sequences. The latter is facilitated by the nonuniform distribution of templates frequently observed in DNA libraries. These effects result in a prominent reduction of the original diversity. The encapsulation of DNA repertoires in liquid droplets abolishes the effects of mispairing in DNA libraries. The fundamental advantages of emulsion PCR (ePCR) over bulk PCR are illustrated by deep sequencing and mathematical modeling, which provide the general strategy for ePCR rationalization. The quasi single-molecule ePCR reveals total genetic information by counteracting the degeneration of DNA libraries’ diversity.
Information design and multimodality
Authors: Bateman John A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Despite a long association between information design and semiotics, connections remain limited in many respects. This contribution argues that one reason for this is the traditionally weak connection between semiotics and empirical methods. To counter this, a model of multimodal communication is introduced in which theoretical description and empirical research are tightly bound methodologically. Several illustrations of the relevance of the model for information design are offered.
Fast frequency-domain effective fly-by waveforms
Authors: Loutrel Nicholas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recently, we developed effective fly-by (EFB) waveforms designed to model the burst of gravitational radiation from highly eccentric binaries. We here present a faster to evaluate frequency domain EFB waveform. The waveform is constructed through the use of asymptotic expansions of hypergeometric functions. Since the waveform is fully analytic, we study the accuracy to which the binary’s parameters can be measured using a Fisher analysis. We find that degeneracies exist among the parameters, such that the waveform is parameterized in terms of the chirp mass

M

and orbital radius of curvature

P

, instead of the total mass, symmetric mass ratio, and semi-latus rectum of the binary. By computing the Fisher matrix for single bursts from two thousand binary systems, we find that most of the systems will have greater than one hundred percent uncertainty in the chirp mass, luminosity distance, and inclination angle, while roughly half will have less than one hundred percent uncertainty in the orbital radius of curvature, orbital eccentricity, and polarization angle. Further, we repeat this analysis after including additional bursts within the inspiral sequence and find that the uncertainties in the waveform’s parameters can improve by orders of magnitude with a sufficient timing model for the bursts.