bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Immune Modulator for Patients With Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections (NSTI)
Authors: Bulger Eileen M. , May Addison K. , Robinson Bryce R. H. , Evans David C. , Henry Sharon , Green John M. , Toschlog Eric , Sperry Jason L. , Fagenholz Peter , Martin Niels D. , Dankner Wayne M. , Maislin Greg , Wilfret David , Bernard Andrew C. 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objective:
Reltecimod, a CD 28 T-lymphocyte receptor mimetic, inhibits T-cell stimulation by an array of bacterial pathogens. A previous phase 2 trial demonstrated improved resolution of organ dysfunction after NSTI. We hypothesized that early administration of reltecimod would improve outcome in severe NSTI.

Methods:
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of single dose reltecimod (0.5 mg/kg) administered within 6 hours of NSTI diagnosis at 65 of 93 study sites. Inclusion: surgical confirmation of NSTI and organ dysfunction [modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (mSOFA) score ≥3]. Primary analysis was modified Intent-to-Treat (mITT), responder analysis using a previously validated composite endpoint, necrotizing infection clinical composite endpoint, defined as: alive at day 28, ≤3 debridements, no amputation beyond first operation, and day 14 mSOFA ≤1 with ≥3 point reduction (organ dysfunction resolution). A prespecified, per protocol (PP) analysis excluded 17 patients with major protocol violations before unblinding.

Results:
Two hundred ninety patients were enrolled, mITT (Reltecimod 142, Placebo 148): mean age 55 ± 15 years, 60% male, 42.4% diabetic, 28.6% perineal infection, screening mSOFA mean 5.5 ± 2.4. Twenty-eight-day mortality was 15% in both groups. mITT necrotizing infection clinical composite endpoint success was 48.6% reltecimod versus 39.9% placebo, P = 0.135 and PP was 54.3% reltecimod versus 40.3% placebo, P = 0.021. Resolution of organ dysfunction was 65.1% reltecimod versus 52.6% placebo, P = 0.041, mITT and 70.9% versus 53.4%, P = 0.005, PP.

Conclusion:
Early administration of reltecimod in severe NSTI resulted in a significant improvement in the primary composite endpoint in the PP population but not in the mITT population. Reltecimod was associated with improved resolution of organ dysfunction and hospital discharge status.
A Combination of Biochemical and Pathological Parameters Improves Prediction of Postresection Survival After Preoperative Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Hank Thomas , Sandini Marta , Ferrone Cristina R. , Ryan David P. , Mino-Kenudson Mari , Qadan Motaz , Wo Jennifer Y. , Klaiber Ulla , Weekes Colin D. , Weniger Maximilian , Hinz Ulf , Harrison Jon M. , Heckler Max , Warshaw Andrew L. , Hong Theodore S. , Hackert Thilo , Clark Jeffrey W. , Büchler Markus W. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Strobel Oliver , Castillo Carlos Fernández-del 
Published: July 2020

Objective:To build a prognostic score for patients with primary chemotherapy undergoing surgery for pancreatic cancer based on pathological parameters and preoperative Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels.Background:Prognostic stratification after primary chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer is challenging and prediction models, such as the AJCC staging system, lack validation in the setting of preoperative chemotherapy.Methods:Patients with primary chemotherapy resected at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 2007 and 2017 were analyzed. Tumor characteristics independently associated with overall survival were identified and weighted by Cox-proportional regression. The pancreatic neoadjuvant Massachusetts-score (PANAMA-score) was computed from these variables and its performance assessed by Harrel concordance index and area under the receiving characteristics curves analysis. Comparisons were made with the AJCC staging system and external validation was performed in an independent cohort with primary chemotherapy from Heidelberg, Germany.Results:A total of 216 patients constituted the training cohort. The multivariate analysis demonstrated tumor size, number of positive lymph-nodes, R-status, and high CA19-9 to be independently associated with overall survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis according to low, intermediate, and high PANAMA-score showed good discriminatory power of the new metrics (P< 0.001). The median overall survival for the three risk-groups was 45, 27, and 12 months, respectively. External validation in 258 patients confirmed the prognostic ability of the score and demonstrated better accuracy compared with the AJCC staging system.Conclusion:The proposed PANAMA-score, based on independent predictors of postresection survival, including pathologic variables and CA19-9, not only provides better discrimination compared to the AJCC staging system, but also identifies patients at high-risk for early death.
Prediction of motor recovery after stroke: being pragmatic or innovative?
Authors: Rosso Charlotte , Lamy Jean-Charles 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
This review considers both pragmatic and cutting-edge approaches for predicting motor stroke recovery over the period 2017–2019. It focuses on the predictive value of clinical scores and biomarkers including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and MRI as well as more innovative alternatives.

Recent findings
Clinical scores combined with corticospinal tract (CST) integrity as assessed by both TMS-induced motor-evoked potential (MEP) and MRI predict motor recovery with an accuracy of about 75%. Therefore, research on novel biomarkers is still needed to improve the accuracy of these models.

Summary
Up to date, there is no consensus about which predictive models should be used in clinical routine. Decision trees, such as the PREP2 algorithm are probably the easiest approach to operationalize the translation of predictive models from bench to bedside. However, external validation is still needed to implement current models.
Seasonal shifts in the gut microbiome indicate plastic responses to diet in wild geladas
Authors: Baniel Alice , Amato Katherine R , Beehner Jacinta C , Bergman Thore J , Mercer Arianne , Perlman Rachel F , Petrullo Lauren , Reitsema Laurie , Sams Sierra , Lu Amy , Snyder-Mackler Noah 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTAnimals have evolved numerous strategies to cope with energetic challenges, with dynamic changes to the gut microbiome potentially constituting one such strategy. We tested how proxies of food availability (rainfall) and thermoregulatory stress (temperature) predicted gut microbiome composition of geladas (Theropithecus geladas), a grazing, high-altitude primate inhabiting a seasonal environment. The gelada gut microbiome varied across seasons, reflecting more efficient digestion of the primary foods eaten at certain times of year. In rainier periods, the gut was dominated by cellulolytic/fermentative bacteria that specialized in digesting grass, while during dry periods the gut was dominated by bacteria that break down starches found in underground plant parts. Temperature had a smaller, but detectable, effect on the gut microbiome. We found an increase in microbes involved in metabolism and energy production during cold and dry periods, suggesting buffering when thermoregulatory and nutritional stress co-occurred. Our results suggest that the gelada gut microbiome may shift to compensate for host diet and energetic demands.
Differential regulation of local mRNA dynamics and translation following long-term potentiation and depression
Authors: Donlin-Asp Paul G , Polisseni Claudio , Klimek Robin , Heckel Alexander , Schuman Erin M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDecades of work have demonstrated that mRNAs are localized and translated within neuronal dendrites and axons to provide proteins for remodeling and maintaining growth cones or synapses. It remains unknown, however, whether specific forms of plasticity differentially regulate the dynamics and translation of individual mRNA species. To address these issues, we targeted three individual synaptically-localized mRNAs,CamkIIa,Beta actin,Psd95, and used molecular beacons to track endogenous mRNA movements and reporters and Crispr-Cas9 gene editing to track their translation. We found widespread alterations in mRNA behavior during two forms of synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD). Changes in mRNA dynamics following plasticity resulted in an enrichment of mRNA in the vicinity of dendritic spines. Both the reporters and tagging of endogenous proteins revealed the transcript-specific stimulation of protein synthesis following LTP or LTD. The plasticity-induced enrichment of mRNA near synapses could be uncoupled from its translational status. The enrichment of mRNA in the proximity of spines allows for localized signaling pathways to decode plasticity milieus and stimulate a specific translational profile, resulting in a customized remodeling of the synaptic proteome.
Mitosis without DNA replication in mammalian somatic cells
Authors: Ganier Olivier , Lutzmann Malik , Cau Julien , Peiffer Isabelle , Lemmers Céline , Zitouni Sihem , Theillet Charles , Méchali Marcel 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYDNA replication initiates with pre-replication complex (pre-RC) formation at replication origins in G1 (replication origin licensing), followed by activation of a pre-RC subset in the S phase. It has been suggested that a checkpoint prevents S phase entry when too few origins are licensed. Yet, we found that in normal cells, complete DNA synthesis inhibition by overexpression of a non-degradable geminin variant, or by CDT1 silencing prevents DNA replication without inducing any checkpoint. Cells continue cycling and enter mitosis, despite the absence of replicated DNA. Most of these unlicensed cells exit mitosis without dividing and enter senescence; however, about 25% of them successfully divide without previous DNA replication, producing daughter cells with half the normal diploid complement of chromosomes (1C). This suggests a potentially attractive strategy to derive haploid cells from any somatic cell type and unveil undescribed aspects of the coordination between DNA replication and cell division in mammals.
Evolutionary Action Score ofTP53Mutations: Integrated Clinico-pathologic And Protein Structural Analysis in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Kanagal-Shamanna Rashmi , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Katsonis Panagiotis , Sasaki Koji , Class Caleb A. , Benton Christopher , Jabbour Elias , Chien Kelly S. , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Bueso-Ramos Carlos E. , Kadia Tapan , Andreeff Michael , Short Nicholas , Daver Naval , Routbort Mark J. , Khoury Joseph D. , Patel Keyur , Ganan-Gomez Irene , Wei Yue , Borthakur Gautam , Ravandi Farhad , Do Kim-Anh , Soltysiak Kelly A. , Lichtarge Olivier , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia-Manero Guillermo 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTTo determine the impact ofTP53mutations on the phenotype and outcome of myelodysplastic syndromes, we quantified the deleterious effects of missenseTP53mutations using the computationally-derived evolutionary action score (higher score indicates worse impact), based on the phylogenetic divergence of the sequence position and amino acid change perturbation, and correlated with clinico-pathologic-genomic features in 270 newly-diagnosedTP53-mutant patients primarily treated with hypomethylating agents. Using recursive partitioning and regression trees, we identified a subset of patients with low-EAp53 mutations (≤52) with improved overall survival (OS) (n=17, 6%) compared to high-EAp53 (n=253, 94%) [median OS, 48 vs. 10 months; p=0.01]. Compared to high-EAp53, low-EAp53 patients had lower cytogenetic complexity, lower TP53 protein expression, lacked multi-allelicTP53alterations, but had more somatic mutations in other genes. There was no difference in medianTP53variant allele frequency or distribution of R-IPSS. 3D-protein modeling showed clustering of poor-outcome mutations, indicating structural location influences outcome.
Cortical Localization of the Sensory-Motor Transformation in a Whisker Detection Task in Mice
Authors: Zareian Behzad , Zhang Zhaoran , Zagha Edward 
Published: July 2020

AbstractResponding to a stimulus requires transforming an internal sensory representation into an internal motor representation. Where and how this sensory-motor transformation occurs is a matter of vigorous debate. Here, we trained mice in a whisker detection go/no-go task in which they learned to respond (lick) following a transient whisker deflection. Using single unit recordings, we quantified sensory-, motor- and choice-related activities in whisker primary somatosensory cortex (S1), whisker primary motor cortex (wMC) and anterior lateral motor cortex (ALM). Based on the criteria of having both strong sensory and motor representations and early choice probability, we identify whisker motor cortex as the cortical region most directly related to the sensory-motor transformation. Our data support a model of sensory amplification occurring between S1 and wMC, sensory-motor transformation occurring within wMC, and propagation of a motor command occurring between wMC and ALM.
Application of discrete differential operators of periodic functions to solve 1D boundary-value problems
Authors: Sobczyk Tadeusz , Jaraczewski Marcin 
Published: July 2020

PurposeDiscrete differential operators (DDOs) of periodic functions have been examined to solve boundary-value problems. This paper aims to identify the difficulties of using those operators to solve ordinary nonlinear differential equations.Design/methodology/approachThe DDOs have been applied to create the finite-difference equations and two approaches have been proposed to reduce the Gibbs effects, which arises in solutions at discontinuities on the boundaries, by adding the buffers at boundaries and applying the method of images.FindingsAn alternative method has been proposed to create finite-difference equations and an effective method to solve the boundary-value problems.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed approach can be classified as an extension of the finite-difference method based on the new formulas approximating the derivatives. This can be extended to the 2D or 3D cases with more flexible meshes.Practical implicationsBased on this publication, a unified methodology for directly solving nonlinear partial differential equations can be established.Originality/valueNew finite-difference expressions for the first- and second-order derivatives have been applied.
Thermal stress analysis of functionally graded solid and hollow thick-walled structures with heat generation
Authors: Eker Mehmet , Yarımpabuç Durmuş , Çelebi Kerimcan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to present thermal and mechanical stresses in solid and hollow thick-walled cylinders and spheres made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) under the effect of heat generation.

Design/methodology/approach
Constant internal temperature and convective external conditions in hollow bodies along with internal heat generation with a combination of outer convective conditions in solid bodies are investigated individually. The effect of the heat convection coefficient on solid bodies is additionally discussed. The variation of the FGM properties in the radial direction is adapted to the Mori–Tanaka homogenization schemes, which produces irregular and two-point linear boundary value problems that are numerically solved by the pseudospectral Chebyshev method.

Findings
It has been shown that the selection of the mixtures of FGMs has to be made correctly to keep the thermal and mechanical loads acting on objects at low levels.

Originality/value
In this study, both solid and hollow functionally graded cylinders and spheres for different boundary conditions that are as their engineering applications are examined with the proposed method. The results have demonstrated that the pseudospectral Chebyshev method has high accuracy, low calculation costs and ease of application and can be easily adapted to such engineering problems.
From experienced to professional practitioners: a participatory lesson study approach to strengthen and sustain English language teaching and leadership
Authors: Alwadi Hasan Mohsen , Mohamed Naashia , Wilson Aaron 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study arises from a recent school-based professional development (PD) programme conducted for English language teachers (ELTs) in a secondary school in the Kingdom of Bahrain, where a participatory lesson study (PLS) strategy was implemented to develop four ELTs' teaching skills and their senior teacher's leadership. The influence of the PLS on creating a participatory PD experience for the participants was investigated through exploring their perceptions of their professional growth during their PLS experience.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a qualitative interpretive approach, a total of eight lesson study cases and 16 meetings were conducted and analysed.FindingsThe main factors that influenced the participants' perceptions of their professional growth in PLS were high self-efficacy and confidence; dominancy of their peers; the informality of the PLS practice; and reflective practice. Relatedly, the results revealed critical thoughts about PLS as a means for ELT's self-directed PD in non-native English-speaking contexts.Originality/valueThe study provides an alternative approach to PD that can be offered for ELTs in any ESL/EFL context that focusses on supporting non-native English-speaking teachers' practices by associating theory with practice. This approach has enabled them to gain the practical skills they need and develop their awareness about the theoretical principles of these practices. For the first time, teachers were given the role to act as the trainers and the theorisers of their own teaching practices.
Friction coefficient study of nanocomposite Al2O3–NbC obtained by spark plasma sintering-SPS
Authors: Dantas Susan Meireles C. , Cuppari Marcio G. Di Vernieri , Hernandes Vania Trombini 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the friction coefficient of Al2O3–NbC nanocomposite obtained by spark plasma sintering sliding against a steel ball.

Design/methodology/approach
Tribological tests were carried out using a reciprocating nanotribometer in a ball on flat configuration with normal loads in the range from 10 to 100 mN under dry conditions. Surface changes were analyzed by confocal microscopy and 3D profilometry.

Findings
The values of the friction coefficient varied from 0.15 to 0.6 and are independent of the applied load.

Originality/value
The tribological behavior is attributed to fracture in the contact region and the effect of wear debris.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-08-2019-0356/
The role of interactive practice in business performance
Authors: Feng Chao , Xi Nannan , Zhuang Guijun , Hamari Juho 
Published: July 2020

PurposeDespite the relatively long research continuum on IT capability and performance, the “IT capability-performance” link has remained hazy especially related to the mediating role of IT-based communication and networking overall. Therefore, this study investigates how IT capability affects Internet interactive practice and how it further affects marketing effectiveness and firm success.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected the survey data from 504 manufacturers in China, and structural equation modeling is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate that (1) IT capability has positive effects on both interorganizational systems (IOS)-enabled and social media (SM)-enabled interactive practice; (2) IOS-enabled interactive practice has a significant positive effect on both marketing and financial performance while SM-enabled interactive practice has a positive effect on marketing performance but no effect on financial performance; (3) IOS-enabled interactive practice mediates the effect of IT capability on marketing and financial performance while SM-enabled interactive practice only mediates the effect of IT capability on marketing performance; (4) marketing performance mediates the impact of IOS-enabled and SM-enabled interactive practice on financial performance.Originality/valueThis study has highlighted the role of social media practice in the relationship between IT capability and firm performance, which makes certain theoretical contributions to the existing research.
Impact of romantic Facebook “crush pages” on the Egyptian youth
Authors: Saleh Alamira Samah 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Like many social media trends, the romantic craze charms Egyptian youth. Romantic Facebook crush pages popped up locally in the past few years among university students particularly. They expressed a new aspect of online social interaction that has raised red flags with some adults, while thought to be a new healthy way to pour youth’s hearts out anonymously in a so-called a conservative society for others. Some crush pages, in particular, drew concerns of several parents for they are more vulgar and aggressive submissions. Laying between the two arguments, this study aims to examine the extent to which Facebook users make use of it to pursue romance, if Facebook’s characteristics and social context reflected in users’ perceptions of romantic relationships, the implications of being in a romantic relationship on Facebook and if such FB practices could pose a state of moral panic or a public concern.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey of 200 Facebook users between 18 and 25 years was gathered. Furthermore, a content analysis of three Egyptian universities’ “crush pages” posts was applied.

Findings
The study highlighted the conflicting ideals of today’s Egyptian youth moral lives. Ultimately, there is an evidence that practices of using Facebook online crush pages have been creating new contested but delightful moral normative rules around love.

Originality/value
Crushes pages have been sweeping across Egyptian colleges and faculties; however, almost no Arabic study was done to figure out its impact. Furthermore, the study takes into account the socio-cultural background of the Egyptian society.
The determinants of opening account with Islamic banks
Authors: Sen Shuvro , Antara Neel , Sen Shusmita 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The Islamic banking system is not very primordial, but recently it is getting popular. Now it becomes a prominent topic to investigate what are the reasons behind it and how it happens. This study aims to identify the influencing factors in the time of opening account in Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach
A descriptive and factor analysis method were carried out to collect the quantitative data using a validated structured questionnaire. This study is based on a survey of 300 clients from Bangladesh who have at least one bank account in any Islamic banks in Bangladesh.

Findings
The findings of the study revealed that the most important factors influencing the people to open an account in Islamic banks including high Riba (Interest) on saving, ATM facility, confirmation SMS on the transaction, availability of branch service in several locations, lower cost on financing (loan), low initial deposit fee for account opening, employees’ prompt service and their behavior, etc. Also, the other religious people, rather than Islam, start a banking relationship with Islamic banks without any obligation.

Research limitations/implications
The study focused only on a certain area of Bangladesh. This study could be extended for a different target market, creative strategy, other media and more countries.

Practical implications
The paper provides guidelines to the management of Islamic banks to decide to attract more customers by focusing on the influencing factors that manipulate a person to open a bank account.

Originality/value
The research is original. There are very few studies available on this topic, particularly focusing on Bangladesh. Consequently, the research findings have significant implications for Islamic banks functioning in a predominantly Islamic atmosphere.