bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Ras homolog family member G by microRNA-124 regulates proliferation and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Jun Jong Hwa , Son Myeong-Jin , Lee Hyun-Gyo , Shim Kyu Young , Baek Won-Ki , Kim Jae-Young , Joo Choun-Ki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUncontrolled retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell proliferation/migration contribute to the pathological tractional membrane development in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Recent studies reported that microRNA (miR)-124 controls various cellular functions via the direct targeting of small Ras homolog family member G (RHOG). Therefore, we investigated the role of the neuron-specific miR-124 and RHOG in RPE cell proliferation/migration. Alterations in miR-124 and RhoG expression, as per cell confluence were evaluated through quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. After transfection with miR-124, we quantified RPE cell viability and migration and observed cell polarization and lamellipodia protrusions. We evaluated the expression of RHOG/RAC1 pathway molecules in miR-124-transfected RPE cells. Endogenous miR-124 expression increased proportionally to RPE cell density, but decreased after 100% confluence. Overexpression of miR-124 decreased cell viability and migration, BrdU incorporation, and Ki-67 expression. Inhibition of endogenous miR-124 expression promoted RPE cell migration. Transfection with miR-124 reduced cell polarization, lamellipodia protrusion, and RHOG mRNA 3′ untranslated region luciferase activity. Like miR-124 overexpression, RhoG knockdown decreased RPE cell viability, wound healing, and migration, and altered the expression of cell cycle regulators. These results suggest that miR-124 could be a therapeutic target to alleviate fibrovascular proliferation in retinal diseases by regulating RPE proliferation/migration via RHOG.
Effects of optogenetic stimulation of basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons on Alzheimer’s disease pathology
Authors: Wilson Caroline A. , Fouda Sarah , Sakata Shuzo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeuronal activity can modify Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Overexcitation of neurons can facilitate disease progression whereas the induction of cortical gamma oscillations can reduce amyloid load and improve cognitive functions in mouse models. Although previous studies have induced cortical gamma oscillations by either optogenetic activation of cortical parvalbumin-positive (PV+) neurons or sensory stimuli, it is still unclear whether other approaches to induce gamma oscillations can also be beneficial. Here we show that optogenetic activation of PV+ neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) increases amyloid burden, rather than reducing it. We applied 40 Hz optical stimulation in the BF by expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in PV+ neurons of 5xFAD mice. After 1-h induction of cortical gamma oscillations over three days, we observed the increase in the concentration of amyloid-β42 in the frontal cortical region, but not amyloid-β40. Amyloid plaques were accumulated more in the medial prefrontal cortex and the septal nuclei, both of which are targets of BF PV+ neurons. These results suggest that beneficial effects of cortical gamma oscillations on Alzheimer’s disease pathology can depend on the induction mechanisms of cortical gamma oscillations.
Potential of aquatic weeds to improve water quality in natural waterways of the Zambezi catchment
Authors: Winton R. Scott , Kleinschroth Fritz , Calamita Elisa , Botter Martina , Teodoru Cristian R. , Nyambe Imasiku , Wehrli Bernhard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOne prominent effect of nutrient pollution of surface waters is the mass invasion of floating plants, which can clog waterways, disrupting human use of aquatic systems. These plants are widely vilified and motivate expensive control campaigns, but their presence may be providing a poorly recognized function in the cycling of excess nutrients. The capacity for floating plants to absorb nutrients from surface water has been understood for decades, primarily from their use in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Yet, in natural settings, there has not been to date any effort to quantify whether floating plant invasions represent important pools or fluxes of nutrients relative to those of the river catchments in which they occur. We found that seasonal hydrologic cycles in the Zambezi trap and flush floating plants from river choke points, such as dams and river confluences, on an annual basis. Peak plant biomass at such choke points constitutes a proxy for estimating annual plant-bound nutrient loads. We assessed the significance of floating vegetation as nutrient sinks by comparing annual plant-bound nutrient loading to conventional river nutrient loading (dissolved and particulate) for four tributaries of the Zambezi River in Zambia. We found that the relative importance of floating vegetation was greatest in the more urbanized catchments, such as the Maramba River draining the city of Livingstone, representing approximately 30% and 9% of annual digestible phosphorus and nitrogen flux respectively. We also found plant-bound phosphorus to be important in the Kafue River (19%), draining the industrial town of Kafue and extensive sugarcane plantations. These results demonstrate the great potential of floating plants to take up excess nutrients from natural river systems. Given the importance of hydrology in the life cycle of floating vegetation, controlled dam discharges may have an important role in managing them and their water quality treatment functions.
Southern Ocean convection amplified past Antarctic warming and atmospheric CO2 rise during Heinrich Stadial 4
Authors: Skinner Luke , Menviel Laurie , Broadfield Lauren , Gottschalk Julia , Greaves Mervyn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe record of past climate highlights recurrent and intense millennial anomalies, characterised by a distinct pattern of inter-polar temperature change, termed the ‘thermal bipolar seesaw’, which is widely believed to arise from rapid changes in the Atlantic overturning circulation. By forcing a suppression of North Atlantic convection, models have been able to reproduce many of the general features of the thermal bipolar seesaw; however, they typically fail to capture the full magnitude of temperature change reconstructed using polar ice cores from both hemispheres. Here we use deep-water temperature reconstructions, combined with parallel oxygenation and radiocarbon ventilation records, to demonstrate the occurrence of enhanced deep convection in the Southern Ocean across the particularly intense millennial climate anomaly, Heinrich Stadial 4. Our results underline the important role of Southern Ocean convection as a potential amplifier of Antarctic warming, and atmospheric CO2 rise, that is responsive to triggers originating in the North Atlantic.
A milk-derived pentapeptide reduces blood pressure in advanced hypertension in a CCK system-dependent manner
Authors: Koyama Daiki , Sasai Masaki , Matsumura Shigenobu , Inoue Kazuo , Ohinata Kousaku 
Published: September 2020

Orally administered KFWGK exhibits potent and long-lasting antihypertensive effects in SHR with advanced hypertension, at which known hypotensive drugs are sometimes less effective. The minimum effective dose of KFWGK was 5 μg kg−1.
Hybrid cascaded high step‐up DC/DC converter with continuous input current for renewable energy applications
Authors: Hasanpour Sara , Siwakoti Yam , Blaabjerg Frede 
Published: September 2020

This study proposes a new structure of hybrid cascade coupled‐inductor high step‐up (HCCIHSU) DC/DC converter for renewable energy sources. The proposed topology can provide an ultra‐high voltage gain under continuous input current and low voltage stress on semiconductor devices. This converter is a hybrid cascade connection of the boost and buck–boost converters. The HCCIHSU utilises a coupled‐inductor (CI) and a voltage multiplier (VM) cell to enhance the voltage gain ratio as a semi‐quadratic function. The magnetic energy of the leakage inductor of the CI is recycled to the VM capacitors that reduce the component voltage stress and improve the converter voltage gain. Additionally, the voltage stress on the main power switch is clamped by two passive clamp capacitors. Due to the very high voltage conversion ratio at a reduced turn's ratio, the maximum voltage stresses on the switches and diodes are significantly alleviated, which further improve the efficiency. In this study, detailed steady‐state analysis and comparisons with other related converters are provided. Finally, a 160 W/200 V laboratory prototype is built with 24 V input voltage at a switching frequency of 50 kHz to verify the performance of the proposed converter.
Three-particle system in a finite volume: formalism, quantization condition, spectrum and energy shift
Authors: Pang Jin-Yi 
Published: September 2020

Lattice QCD calculations provide an ab initio access to hadronic process. These calculations are usu ally performed in a small cubic volume with periodic boundary conditions. The infinite volume extrapolations for three-body systems are indispensable to understand many systems of high current interest. We derive the three-body quantization condition in a finite volume using an effective field theory in the particle-dimer picture.
Our work shows a powerful and transparent method to read off three-body physical observables from lattice simulations. In this paper, we review the formalism, quantization condition, spectrum analysis and energy shifts calculation both for 3-body bound states and scattering states.
Kunsttherapie bei Morbus Alzheimer
Authors: Knebel Ulrike 
Published: September 2020

SummaryMorbus Alzheimer ist bis heute nicht heilbar. Die Erkrankungverläuft individuell sehr unterschiedlich und ist für diePatientinnen und Patienten und ihre Angehörigen oft mitgroßer psychischer Belastung verbunden. Daher sind nichtnur medizinische Interventionen wichtig, sondern auch dieseelische Entlastung der Alzheimer-Erkrankten. Hier setztdie Kunsttherapie an, die mit Farben und unterschiedlichenMaterialien die Fantasie anregt und den Menschen aktiviert, seine eigenen Ressourcen zu entdecken. Nach demMotto: „Wenn Worte fehlen, sprechen Bilder“, kann esdurch das künstlerische Tun gelingen, seelischem BefindenAusdruck zu verleihen und dadurch die mit der Alzheimer-Erkrankung verbundene Bedrückung und den Rückzug zuverringern.
Taigawurzel – Bewährt bei Erschöpfung und Konzentrationsschwäche
Authors: Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun 
Published: September 2020

SummaryDie Taigawurzel (Eleutherococcus senticosus), ein Adaptogen aus der Traditionellen AsiatischenMedizin, wurde 2014 von der EuropeanMedicines Agency als traditionelles Arzneimittelmit plausibler Wirkung monografiert. ZurAnwendung bei „Körperschwäche bzw. Kraftlosigkeiteinhergehend mit Müdigkeit“ kommenZubereitungen aus der getrocknetenWurzel, die mindestens 0,08 % Eleutherosideenthalten muss.Zahlreiche experimentelle und humanpharmakologischeStudien weisen auf eineAnti-Stress- und Anti-Müdigkeits- sowie eineimmunmodulierende Wirkung. ExperimentelleStudien demonstrieren außerdem eine antioxidative, antiproliferative, zellschützende(Gehirn, Herz, Leber) und antientzündlicheWirkung sowie den Blutzucker senkende, blut- und leberfettsenkende, antimikrobielle, antivirale und andere Wirkungen. Auch inklinischen Studien ist die Anti-Stress- und Anti-Müdigkeits-Wirkung dokumentiert, in Testen, bei Belastungen und Erkrankungen sowiedurch ein größeres Durchhaltevermögen undeine schnellere Regeneration nach sportlicherBelastung. Doch nicht alle Studien kommenzu einem positiven Schluss. Beweisende Studienfehlen, sodass die Wirkgröße der Taigawurzelweder bei Stressbelastung noch bei Erkrankungenwie Virusinfektionen, ischämischemSchlaganfall, Diabetes, Osteoporose, Krebserkrankungenusw. angegeben werden kann.Das Auftreten unerwünschter Wirkungenist selten, Wechselwirkungen mit Medikamentensind wohl kaum zu befürchten. DaLangzeitstudien fehlen, wird empfohlen, Zubereitungenaus der Taigawurzel nicht längerals 2 Monate einzunehmen.
Die integrative Medizin ist die Medizin des 21. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Niklas Anke 
Published: September 2020

SummaryProf. Jost Langhorst im zkm-Gespräch über Naturheilkunde und Komplementärmedizin, die neueKlinik für Integrative Medizin in Bamberg und Leitlinienarbeit
Incomplete endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps: a prospective quality assurance study
Authors: Pedersen Ina B. , Bretthauer Michael , Kalager Mette , Løberg Magnus , Hoff Geir , Matapour Senaria , Hugin Silje , Frigstad Svein O. , Seip Birgitte , Kleist Britta A. , Løvdal Leif , Botteri Edoardo , Holme Øyvind 
Published: September 2020

Background Endoscopic screening with polypectomy has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer incidence in randomized trials. Incomplete polyp removal and subsequent development of post-colonoscopy cancers may attenuate the effect of screening. This study aimed to quantify the extent of incomplete polyp removal.
Methods We included patients aged 50–75 years with nonpedunculated polyps ≥ 5 mm removed during colonoscopy at four hospitals in Norway. To evaluate completeness of polyp removal, biopsies from the resection margins were obtained after polypectomy. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors explaining incomplete resection.
Results 246 patients with 339 polyps underwent polypectomy between January 2015 and June 2017. A total of 12 polyps were excluded due to biopsy electrocautery damage, and 327 polyps in 246 patients (mean age 67 years [range 42–83]; 52 % male) were included in the analysis. Overall, 54 polyps (15.9 %) in 54 patients were incompletely resected. Histological diagnosis of the polyp (sessile serrated lesions vs. adenoma, odds ratio [OR] 10.9, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 3.9–30.1) and polyp location (proximal vs. distal colon, OR 2.8, 95 %CI 1.0–7.7) were independent risk factors for incomplete removal of polyps 5–19 mm. Board-certified endoscopists were not associated with lower rates of incomplete resection compared with trainees (14.0 % vs. 14.2 %), OR 1.0 (95 %CI 0.5–2.1).
Conclusion Incomplete polyp resection was frequent after polypectomy in routine clinical practice. Serrated histology and proximal location were independent risk factors for incomplete resection. The performance of board-certified gastroenterologists was not superior to that of trainees.
Erworbene valvuläre Herzerkrankungen: eine zunehmende Belastung für die Gesundheitssysteme der Welt?
Authors: Kalbacher Daniel 
Published: September 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Ätiologie valvulärer Herzerkrankungen hat sich in der westlichen Welt von ursprünglich führend rheumatisch bedingten Vitien zu ganz überwiegend degenerativ bedingten Vitien verschoben. Damit einhergehend hat sich auch das Spektrum der entsprechenden Patienten dahingehend verändert, dass ganz überwiegend ältere Menschen und häufiger Männer mit einer zunehmenden Anzahl an relevanten Ko-Morbiditäten betroffen sind. Die führenden Herzklappenerkrankungen sind in absteigender Häufigkeit die Aortenklappenstenose, die Mitralklappeninsuffizienz und die Aortenklappeninsuffizienz. Aufgrund der Überalterung der Bevölkerung und der zunehmenden Verfügbarkeit interventioneller Therapieoptionen stellt die Behandlung von valvulären Herzerkrankungen eine bedeutende medizinische und sozioökonomische Herausforderung für das Gesundheitssystem dar.
Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of α-Cyanoketones to Benzoyl Acrylonitrile Derivatives Using a Diaminomethylenemalononitrile Organocatalyst
Authors: Miura Tsuyoshi , Akutsu Hiroshi , Nakashima Kosuke , Kanetsuna Yuta , Kawada Masahiro , Hirashima Shin-ichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA diaminomethylenemalononitrile (DMM) organocatalyst was used to efficiently promote asymmetric conjugate addition of various α-cyanoketones to benzoyl acrylonitrile derivatives. The corresponding 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds containing vicinal tertiary and quaternary stereogenic centers are versatile synthetic intermediates and were obtained in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). The present study describes the first successful examples of asymmetric conjugate addition reactions of α-cyanoketones with benzoyl acrylonitriles. In addition, the DMM organocatalyst can be recovered and reused up to five times without significant loss of either catalytic activity or enantioselectivity.
Neurotecoma na axila causando dor persistente no ombro: Relato de caso
Authors: Silva Christine Maria Muniz , Fontenele João Paulo Uchoa , Lopes Jailson Rodrigues , de Brito Gabriella Cristina Coelho , Teixeira Manuel Joaquim Diógenes , Rocha Francisco Airton Castro 
Published: September 2020

ResumoNeurotecomas, também conhecidos como mixomas da bainha neural, são tumores benignos raros da bainha neural afetando mais comumente a cabeça, braços e ombros de mulheres entre 20 e 40 anos de idade. Devido à baixa prevalência e quadro clínico mal definido, essas lesões são raramente consideradas no diagnóstico diferencial de tumores cutâneos. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 24 anos de idade que procurou atendimento em 2016 relatando dor moderada por mais de um ano e limitação dos movimentos do ombro esquerdo. Ao exame, foi constatada restrição da mobilidade dessa articulação e uma ressonância magnética revelou imagem multilobular com aumento de sinal em T2 na região quadrilateral, aparentando invasão da região cortical do úmero subjacente. A histopatologia de uma biópsia incisional mostrou lesão composta por tecido conjuntivo frouxo, sem sinais de invasão, figuras de mitose ou atipias. Foi realizada excisão completa da lesão e o diagnóstico de neurotecoma foi confirmado após análise histopatológica que incluiu painel imunohistoquímico. À revisão de 18 meses, a paciente estava assintomática com recuperação completa do movimento e sem evidência de recidiva da lesão.
Imaging in Propeller Flap Surgery
Authors: Ono Shimpei , Ohi Hiroyuki , Ogawa Rei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSince propeller flaps are elevated as island flaps and most often nourished by a single perforator nearby the defect, it is challenging to change the flap design intraoperatively when a reliable perforator cannot be found where expected to exist. Thus, accurate preoperative mapping of perforators is essential in the safe planning of propeller flaps. Various methods have been reported so far: (1) handheld acoustic Doppler sonography (ADS), (2) color duplex sonography (CDS), (3) perforator computed tomographic angiography (P-CTA), and (4) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). To facilitate the preoperative perforator assessment, P-CTA is currently considered as the gold standard imaging tool in revealing the three-dimensional anatomical details of perforators precisely. Nevertheless, ADS remains the most widely used tool due to its low cost, faster learning, and ease of use despite an undesirable number of false-positive results. CDS can provide hemodynamic characteristics of the perforator and is a valid and safer alternative particularly in patients in whom ionizing radiation and/or contrast exposure should be limited. Although MRA is less accurate in detecting smaller perforators of caliber less than 1.0 mm and the intramuscular course of perforators at the present time, MRA is expected to improve in the future due to the recent developments in technology, making it as accurate as P-CTA. Moreover, it provides the advantage of being radiation-free with fewer contrast reactions.
Avaliação dos resultados funcionais do tratamento cirúrgico artroscópico da lesão completa do manguito rotador com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos
Authors: Godinho André Couto , Santos Flávio Márcio Lago , Donato Neto Francisco Pereira , Silva Paulo Victor Nunes Paz , Fonseca Júnior Ricardo Dantas 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Analisar o resultado funcional dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico videoartroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador do ombro, com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos.
Métodos Foram avaliados 63 pacientes (63 ombros) submetidos ao reparo cirúrgico videoartroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador com seguimento mínimo de 10 anos. O resultado funcional no pós-operatório desses pacientes foi avaliado pelos escores de Constant e UCLA.
Resultados Os valores médios foram de 26 pontos no escore UCLA e de 93 no escore de Constant. Para o escore de Constant, 91% foram considerados satisfatórios; e para o UCLA, 62% dos pacientes apresentaram escores satisfatórios.
Conclusão O reparo artroscópico da ruptura completa do manguito rotador mostrou-se efetivo mesmo a longo prazo (seguimento mínimo de dez anos). A idade dos pacientes antes da cirurgia, o tamanho da lesão, o grau de infiltração gordurosa e a avaliação do trofismo muscular foram importantes preditores de prognóstico.
Ovarian Sparing Surgery in Mature Ovarian Teratomas in Children: A 20-Year Single-Center Experience
Authors: Szymon Olga , Bogusz Bartosz , Taczanowska-Niemczuk Anna , Maślanka Marcin , Górecki Wojciech 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Despite its benign nature, possible bilateral presentation, and a very good prognosis, ovarian sparing tumorectomy (OST) in mature ovarian teratoma (MOT) is not commonly performed. Unilateral oophorectomy has physiological consequences, while bilateral is devastating. The aim of this study is promotion of OST in MOT among children.
Materials and Methods We reviewed 120 patients operated for MOT between August 1999 and 2019.
Results Ovariectomy was performed in 15 patients (14 between 1999 and 2009 and 1 after 2010). In 105 girls, OST was possible including 32 with ovarian torsion. The approach was laparoscopy in 30 girls (11 conversions) and laparotomy in 94. Intra-abdominal spillage occurred in 30% of laparoscopic dissections. Postoperative morbidity was not associated with surgical approach (p = 0.613) or presence of adnexal torsion (p = 0,608). Follow-up was from 4 months to 9 years (median = 4 years) with access to 90% of patients. Bilateral lesions were observed in six (synchronous in five and metachronous in one) patients. Recurrence appeared in three patients operated via laparotomy and OST (after 12, 46, and 74 months). In one girl, asynchronous contralateral MOT was found 5 years after unilateral oophorectomy. Ovarian regeneration after torsion was observed in sonography in 84.4% of the patients. None of the patients experienced chemical peritonitis or malignant tumor transformation.
Conclusion OST is safe and effective and should be the first-line procedure in children. Laparoscopy and laparotomy constitute a complementary approach to MOT. Ultrasound follow-up is necessary to monitor recurrence, contralateral disease, and ovarian regeneration.
Malignant Ascites
Authors: Elsakka Ahmed , Yarmohammadi Hooman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMalignant ascites negatively impacts patient's quality of life and has significant impact on the health care resources. Majority of management guidelines are based on systemic reviews that have predominately relied on retrospective data. Therefore, there is lack of high-level evidence-based studies. In this review, the etiologies, pathophysiology, and various treatment methods including diuretic therapy, large volume paracentesis, indwelling catheter placement, peritoneovenous shunt, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and other available novel and/or experimental options are reviewed.