bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N2-neutrophils Promote Invasion and Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer by Upregulating MAPK Signaling
Authors: li caixia , Men Chuandi , Yang Weihong , Liu Qi , Liu Shupeng , Cheng zhongping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Metastasis is an important factor of high mortality in ovarian cancer. Neutrophils are involved in multiple pathologic mechanisms of cancer,including invasion and metastasis. However, the relationship of neutrophils and invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer is unclear,as well as the exact mechanism.Methods:To verify the relationship of neutrophils and invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer,we tested the expression of CD11b in 24 groups of benign and malignant ovarian tumor tissues.And then,we tested the expression of CD11b,CXCL8,and CXCR1 in 16 cases of ovarian cancer,including primary lesions, metastatic lesions and adjacent carcinoma tissues.We successfully build tumor associated neutrophils research model (N1 and N2) and prove that N2-neutrophils can promote the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. Next,we screened the significantly changed MAPK signaling pathway by high-throughput sequencing. And then confirmed this conclusion by molecular biology experiments. Results:The expression of CD11b was significantly higher in malignant tumor than benign tumor tissues tested by western blot and Immunohistochemistry.The expression of CD11b,CXCL8 and CXCR1 is highest in ovarian cancermetastases ,followed by the primary lessions, and then the adjacent carcinoma tissues tested by PCR and WB methods.We proved that N2-neutrophils can promote the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer by transwell assay.Forthermore,we detected the related indicators of metastasis including MMP-2,MMP-9,E-Cadherin,N-cadherin and Vimentin by PCR and WB methods.Next,we screened the significantly changed MAPK signaling pathway by High-throughput sequencing through comparing ovarian cancer cells before and after co-cultured with N2-neutrophils. At last,we found the key gene P38 of MAPK signaling pathway by molecular biology experiments. Conclusions: N2-neutrophils promote the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer by Upregulating MAPK signaling pathway, find a key gene P38.
Effect of micronization on Panax notoginseng: In vitro dissolution &amp; in vivo bioavailability evaluations
Authors: Liang Xiao , Xu Guobing , Li Zhenbao , Xuan Zihua , Zhao Hongsu , Peng Daiyin , Gui Shuangying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Panax notoginseng (PN), the most widely used dietary supplement and herbal in Asian countries. The effect of micronization of PN is not fully clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the particle size and treatment temperature of Panax notoginseng powder (PNP) and the potential to improve the bioavailability.Methods: Several properties of PNP, including the surface morphology and thermal properties were extensively characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarized light microscopy (PLM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The in vitro release and in vivo bioavailability of Panax notoginseng sapoins (PNS) were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UHPLC-MS/MS).Results: The results showed that particle size reduction significantly change the PNS in vitro dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetic. The PNP with a wide size range (from 60 to 214 μm). Several properties of PNP were extensively characterized, these changes of physicochemical properties of PNP provide a better understanding of the in vitro and in vivo release behaviors of PNS. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the dissolution of PNS and particle size was nonlinear (dose- and size-dependent). The pharmacokinetic parameters of PNP in rats were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS. Powder 4 (90.38 ± 8.28 μm) showed significantly higher AUC0-T values in plasma (P < 0.05). In addition, we also investigated the influence of the hydrothermal treatment of PNP. The results showed that the PNS in vitro release and in vivo bioavailability were highest of PNP pre-treatment at 40°C.Conclusion: The PNP with a particle size around 90 μm and heat pre-treatment at 40°C would be beneficial.
Relatedness of California Mastitis Test Scores and Bacteriological Plate Counts in the Diagnosis of Subclinical Mastitis in White Fulani Cattle From Selected Dairy Herds&nbsp;
Authors: Suleiman Ahmed Babangida , Hussaini . Ibrahim Mohammeda , Odumosu Bamidele Tolulope 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSubclinical mastitis remains a major challenge in the dairy industries as it affects nutritional content of milk and milk products, volume of milk production and also leads to economic loss. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between California Mastitis Test (CMT) scores and bacteria counts in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. A total of 339 white Fulani cattle milk samples were aseptically collected from six geographical regions of Plateau State and screened for mastitis and bacteriological analysis using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), Total Bacterial Count (TBC) and Total Coliform Count (TCC) methods respectively. ResultsThe result of the study reveals that 31.0% of the milk samples were positive for mastitis. Based on the CMT scores, 61.9% of the samples were CMT negative, 7.1% were CMT trace while 6.5%, 11.5% and 13.0% were CMT +, CMT ++ and CMT +++ respectively. Most of the CMT negative samples (55.71%) were culture negative while almost all the CMT +++, were positive (90.91%) culture positive. A positive correlation was observed between CMT scores and plate counts (Total Bacteria count and Total Coliform Count). The Total Bacteria count ranged from 5.7x101 – 5.9x106 CFU/mL while the Total Coliform Count ranged from 0.6x101 – 3.0x105.CMT scores correlates well with bacteriological plate count of the mastitic milk samples. ConclusionThere is a need for the improvement in quality and safety of dairy product because of public health risk associated with it
Infectious Subgenomic Amplicons method to expedite reverse genetics of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses
Authors: Mélade Julien , Piorkowski Géraldine , Touret Franck , Fourié Toscane , Coutard Bruno , Nougairede antoine , de Lamballerie Xavier 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There is a need for simple reverse genetics methods to decipher the biological properties of animal and human coronaviruses. Here, we attempted to rescue the recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the Feline enteric coronavirus (FeCoV) using the rapid “Infectious-Subgenomic Amplicons” (ISA) method. For each virus, transfection into permissive cells of eight overlapping subgenomic cDNA fragments covering the entire genome allowed reconstruction of the complete virus genome and generated infectious viral particles. Rescued viruses replicated the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the original isolates. In conclusion, the ISA method, which had been previously used for RNA viruses with shorter genomes (e.g., flaviviruses, alphaviruses and enteroviruses) can be used to rescue viruses with substantially longer genomes and usefully complements pre-existing methods for reverse genetics of coronaviruses. Its extreme simplicity and versatility makes it a strong option to decipher the biological properties of coronaviruses circulating in human, domestic or wild fauna populations.
Forecast and Guiding role of using Hounsfield unit in retrograde intrarenal surgery for the treatment of renal stone of 2-3 cm: A single center prospective study
Authors: Li Yuzhuo , He Qiqi , wang Fei , Bao Junsheng , Yang Li , Wang Zhiping , Sanjay Gupta 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are both important minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of renal stones. With the progress of technology, the application of procedures has been extended. Current surgery choices are made base on stone size, burden and its locations that might limit the predictability and removal of post-operative residual stones. Despite these surgery techniques are maturely used in clinical practice, the patients’ selection have not been standardized in borderline stone. Some patients might suffer several sessions of surgery if intervene decision are not well-designed. In this single-center study, we aimed to determine whether the Hounsfield Unit (HU) value of no-contrast computer computed tomography (NCCT) might offer better guidance in the selection of RIRS or PCNL in renal stones of 2-3 cm, not only in facilitating the stone disintegration, also in providing the potential optimal and less session of setting with great outcomes. A total of 158 patients with kidney stones (2-3 cm) who underwent PCNL/RIRS from March 2016 to January 2019 were enrolled in this study. Gender, stone sizes, locations, average HU value of stone, surgery time, hospital stay time, stone free rate and complications at the time of hospitalization and 3 month follow-up were measured to identify the surgery efficiency. Upon consideration of HU value, the mean surgery time were significantly decreased in RIRS comparing to cRIRS group (47.73 ± 15.52 versus 72.41 ± 27.71 min, p<0.05). Statistically, the surgery time was strong influenced by the HU values both in RIRS (OR: 93.8, p<0.01) and PCNL (OR, 8.21, p<0.05). HU values proved to have a strong positive relation with surgery time in RIRS while a low positive related in PCNL (p<0.05). Overall, for renal stones of 2-3 cm, RIRS proved to be a safe and efficacious treatment option if HU value and other parameters could be comprehensively accounted. Considering HU value before 2-3cm kidney stone lithotripsy seems to be necessary, which might save the surgery time and reduce the potential risk of renal injury, as even if residual stone were detected post-op, ESWL could also be employed and work efficiently. Some patients might not have to perform several sessions of RIRS. Taken together, individual precision surgery might provide ideal treatment and prognosis for patients requiring long-term continuous clinical procedures.
Post nCoV-2 limping Child: Report of two cases and a rapid Review
Authors: Sinaei Reza , Pezeshki Sara , Sinaei Roya , Shiari Reza , Yeganeh Mehrnoush Hassas , Parvaresh Saeedeh , Bazargn Nasrin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Identification of the etiology of acute limping in children is challenging. Both benign and life- threatening disorders can present with limp. However, among atraumatic conditions, benign conditions including toxic synovitis and post infectious arthritis are the most common causes of this dilemma. Case Presentation: During the recent COVID-19 pandemic in Kerman, South East of Iran; two pediatric patients referred to the Rheumatology clinic with new onset gait disturbance. One 8 years old boy and the other 6 years old girl who presented with hip joint pain and limping. Both of them had joint effusion jackknife of mild respiratory symptoms and fever. Altogether, precise history taking and accurate physical examination, alongside radiological investigations and positive laboratory results for coronavirus infection emphasized the diagnosis of post Coronavirus arthritis. They treated with rest and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) successfully, and fallowed at least for one month later.Conclusions: Here, we described the first report of post n-CoV-2 arthritis in the world in two Iranian pediatric patients, who presented with limp. Contrary to preliminary phantasms, this may indicate that the Corona virus has some rheumatogenic specifications.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognosis of 12 Cytochrome P450s in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma from the Perspective of Network Pharmacology
Authors: Jiang Peng , Wang Qian , Wang Yinghong , Li Kai , Sun Yancai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are pivotal drug metabolic enzymes and play a crucial part in the development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among various CYPs, 12 (CYP1A2, 27A1, 2A6, 2A7, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2E1, 2J2, 3A4, 3A5, and 4A11) are recognized as key therapeutic targets for HCC from the perspective of network pharmacology. However, the gene expression and prognosis of these 12 CYPs in HCC remain obscure.Methods: In the current study, the mRNA expression of these 12 CYPs and survival of patients with HCC were investigated by mining data from ONCOMINE, Kaplan–Meier plotter, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, STRING, and DAVID databases. Network pharmacology analysis of sorafenib for HCC treatment was conducted using data from Therapeutic Target Database, Drugbank, Swiss Target Prediction, STITCH, OncoDB.HCC, Liverome, STRING, and DAVID databases.Results: Results showed that the mRNA expression levels of the 12 CYPs were markedly reduced in HCC and negatively correlated with tumor stages and grades (except for CYP3A5). The high expression level of nine CYPs, namely, CYP27A1, 2A6, 2A7, 2C8, 2C9, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, and 4A11 was significantly correlated with favorable prognosis in patients with HCC, indicating that they may serve as candidate prognostic biomarkers for HCC. Additionally, overexpression of CYP27A1, CYP2A7, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A5 was markedly correlated with favorable overall survival in HCC patients who received sorafenib therapy. Network pharmacology analysis of the administration of sorafenib for HCC treatment suggested that this drug may exert its antihepatocarcinoma effects by regulating the FoxO and ErbB signaling pathways.Conclusion: Characterization of the expression and prognosis of 12 CYPs in HCC, as well as network pharmacology analysis of HCC treatment via sorafenib, may provide novel insights into the discovery of potential prognostic markers of and therapeutic targets in HCC.
Long-Read Metagenomics to Retrieve High-Quality Metagenome-Assembled Genomes from Canine Feces
Authors: Cusco Anna , Perez Daniel , Viñes Joaquim , Francino Olga 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Metagenomics is a powerful and rapidly developing approach that provides new biological insights into the microbes inhabiting underexplored environments, such as canine fecal microbiome. We investigate long-read metagenomics with Nanopore sequencing to profile the fecal microbiome and to retrieve high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (HQ MAGs) from a healthy dog.Results. More than 99% of total classified reads corresponded to Bacteria. The most abundant phylum was Bacteroidetes (~80% of total reads), followed by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. Prevotella (>50%) and Bacteroides (>20%) are the more abundant genera, followed by Fusobacterium, Megamonas, Sutterella, and other fecal-related genera, (each representing <5% of the total bacterial composition). We retrieved eight single-contig HQ MAGs and three medium-quality MAGs, after combining several metagenome dataset assemblies. The HQ MAGs corresponded to Succinivibrio, Sutterella, Prevotellamassilia, Phascolarctobacterium, Enterococcus, Blautia, and Catenibacterium genera. Succinivibrio HQ MAG represents a novel candidate bacterial species. Sutterella HQ MAG is potentially the first reported genome assembly for Sutterella stercoricanis, as assigned by 16S rRNA gene similarity. Prevotellamassilia, Phascolarctobacterium, Catenibacterium, and Blautia sp900541345 HQ MAGs improved the contiguity of previously reported genome assemblies in their respective genera, and the number of rRNA genes and tRNA genes. Finally, Enterococcus hirae and Blautia sp003287895 HQ MAGs represented species that already have a complete reference genome. At the technical level, we demonstrated that a high-molecular weight DNA extraction improved the taxonomic classification of the raw unassembled reads, the metagenomics assembly contiguity, and the retrieval of longer and circular contigs, which are potential HQ MAGs. Conclusions. Long-read metagenomics allowed us to recover HQ MAGs from canine feces of a healthy dog. The high-molecular weight DNA extraction to improve contiguity and the correction of the insertions and deletions to reduce frameshift errors ensure the retrieval of complete single-contig HQ MAGs.
Development and Prospective Validation of a Novel Risk Score for Predicting the Risk of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Among Trauma Patients
Authors: Peng Guoxuan , Wang Qiang , Sun Hong , Gan Lebin , Lu Hongxiang , Deng Zhihong , Sun Jiali , Deng Jin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Trauma patients have an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Early identification of patients with a high risk of DVT after trauma is crucial for thromboembolism prophylaxis. We aimed to develop and prospectively validate a novel risk score based on a nomogram to predict lower extremity DVT among trauma patients.Methods: Clinical data were collected from 281 trauma patients who were admitted to our trauma center within 24 h of admission from September 2016 to January 2019 to develop a novel DVT risk score. The DVT risk estimates were then calculated prospectively based on the score in a new study cohort from February 2019 to July 2020. The technique of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select variables for the early prediction of DVT in trauma patients. The DVT risk assessment score (DRAS) was constructed by incorporating related features based on the LASSO analysis and nomogram prediction model. Further, the trauma patients were divided into various risk groups according to the DRAS. The incidence of lower extremity DVT was compared between groups and the discrimination of the DRAS was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC). Results: Based on the LASSO method, eight variables (age, injury severity score, body mass index, D-dimer level, fibrin degradation products, prothrombin time, prealbumin level, and hemoglobin level) were included in the DRAS. A total of 166 trauma patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Increased risk of DVT after trauma was related to higher DRAS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the DRAS was 0.890(0.840–0.939) in the validation cohort. Moreover, the discriminatory capacity of the DRAS was superior to that of each variable independently and the Modified Wells score (P<0.05). Conclusions: We developed and prospectively validated the DRAS to predict the risk of lower extremity DVT among trauma patients, which may facilitate early identification of high-risk patients.
Students' Views of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE): Findings from two Malaysian Pharmacy Schools
Authors: Elnaem Mohamed Hassan , Zainal Zainol Akbar , Wahab Muhammad Zuljalil Ilham Bin , Ali Aqilah Binti Mohd , Rahim Umi Syuhada Binti Abd , Zulkifli Nuraqilah Binti , Basha Nur Syaza Binti Mohd Akbar , Yusof Maidatul Suffiah Hayati Binti Mohamad , Majdy Nur Farhana Binti Mohd 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate and compare the views of undergraduate pharmacy students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools (one private and one public) regarding the organization, quality, and objectivity of OSCE. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among penultimate and final year students in two Malaysian pharmacy schools between October and December 2019. A questionnaire was developed, tested, and validated and then distributed to study participants through online Google forms. Results: A total of 221 undergraduate pharmacy students participated in the study. Regarding the adequacy of the time allocated per OSCE station, students of the public university expressed a relatively higher level of disagreement (IIUM 63.9% & 48.7% vs. UoC 11.6% & 14.3%). Relatively few students agreed that OSCE is a less stressful type of assessment compared to other traditional methods (IIUM 7.2% & 10.3% vs. UoC 39.5% & 23.8%). Regarding the OSCE scores as valid indicators of student’s skills, private university students had more agreement than their counterparts in a public university (UoC 79% & 64.3% vs. IIUM 39.2% 30.8%). In addition, both student groups disagreed that OSCE marks were likely to be affected by the student’s gender (IIUM 73.2% & 66.7% vs. UoC 67.4% & 78.6%). Conclusion: Overall, most of the participants had overall good views regarding the organization, quality, and objectivity of OSCE, with several differences between students in public and private universities. There are few areas to be further considered to ensure more positive students’ OSCE experience such as revision on the time allocation for every station and on the provision of timely constructive feedback.
Does hypovitaminosis A in mothers cause congenital malformation of eye?
Authors: SHAH MEHUL , SHAH SHREYA , Desai Ashit , Khanna Ronuaq , Rathod Chetan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Congenital malformation is important cause of child hood blindness, we would like to study factors responsible for it.Methods: This was retrospective cohort study We collected data from our hospital EMR from 2008 to 2019.WE retrieved total number of Pediatric patients outdoor and children with congenital malformed eyes. We also explored history of night blindness in mothers during pregnancy we exported data in excel sheet , type of anomalies calculated using descriptive analyses of SPSS 22.Results: Our cohort consisted of 1435(1.42%) children out of 100946 of total outdoor of pediatric ophthalmology. We found various anomalies in our analyses, out of total 423(29.47%) had history of night blindness to mother during pregnancy suggesting vitamin A deficiency. Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis A in mother has influence maldevelopment and congenital anomalies of eye based on clinical observation.
Total En Bloc Spondylectomy Combined with the Satellite Rod Technique for Spinal Tumors
Authors: Wei Hongyu , Dong Chunke , Wu Jun , Zhu Yuting , Ma Haoning 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) combined with the satellite rod technique for the treatment of primary and metastatic spinal tumors.Methods: The clinical data of 15 consecutively treated patients with spinal tumors who underwent TES combined with satellite rod technique by a single posterior approach from June 2015 to September 2018were analyzed retrospectively. Radiographic parameters including the local kyphotic angle (LKA), anterior vertebral height (AVH), posterior vertebral height (PVH) and intervertebral titanium mesh cage height (ITMCH) were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively and at the final follow-up. The visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale were used to assess quality of life and neurological function. The operative duration, volume of blood loss, and complications were also recorded.Results: The mean operation time and volume of blood loss were 361.7 min and 2816.7 mL, respectively. During an average follow-up of 31.1 months, 2 patients died of tumor recurrence and multiple organ metastases, while recurrence was not found in any other patients. Solid fusion was achieved in all but one patient, and no implant-related complications occurred during the follow-up. The VAS, ODI and ASIA scores significantly improved from before to after surgery (P<0.05). The LKA, AVH and PVH significantly improved from before to immediately after surgery and to the final follow-up (P<0.05), and the postoperative and final follow-up values did not significantly differ (P>0.05).Conclusions: TES combined with the satellite rod technique can yield strong three-dimensional fixation and reduce the occurrence of rod breakage, thereby improving the long-term quality of life of patients with spinal tumors.