bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the effects of inorganic nitrate in hypertension-induced target organ damage: protocol of the NITRATE-TOD study in the UK
Authors: Lau Clement Wai Zhen , Hamers Alexander Jozua Pedro , Rathod Krishnaraj Sinhji , Shabbir Asad , Cooper Jackie , Primus Christopher Peter , Davies Ceri , Mathur Anthony , Moon James C , Kapil Vikas , Ahluwalia Amrita 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionArterial stiffness and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy are the key markers of hypertensive target organ damage (TOD) associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that dietary inorganic nitrate supplementation lowers blood pressure (BP) in hypertension, however, whether this approach might also improve markers of hypertensive TOD is unknown. In this study, we will investigate whether daily dietary inorganic nitrate administration reduces LV mass and improves measures of arterial stiffness.Methods and designNITRATE-TOD is a double-blind, randomised, single-centre, placebo-controlled phase II trial aiming to enrol 160 patients with suboptimal BP control on one or more antihypertensives. Patients will be randomised to receive 4 months once daily dose of either nitrate-rich beetroot juice or nitrate-deplete beetroot juice (placebo). The primary outcomes are reduction in LV mass and reduction in pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central BP.The study has a power of 95% for detecting a 9 g LV mass change by cardiovascular MRI (~6% change for a mildly hypertrophied heart of 150 g). For PWV, we have a power of >95% for detecting a 0.6 m/s absolute change. For central systolic BP, we have a>90% power to detect a 5.8 mm Hg difference in central systolic BP.Secondary end points include change in ultrasound flow-mediated dilation, change in plasma nitrate and nitrite concentration and change in BP.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the London—City and East Research Ethics Committee (10/H0703/98). Trial results will be published according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement and will be presented at conferences and reported in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03088514
The CUPID-Mo experiment for neutrinoless double-beta decay: performance and prospects
Authors: Armengaud E. , Augier C. , Barabash A. S. , Bellini F. , Benato G. , Benoît A. , Beretta M. , Bergé L. , Billard J. , Borovlev Yu. A. , Bourgeois Ch. , Briere M. , Brudanin V. B. , Camus P. , Cardani L. , Casali N. , Cazes A. , Chapellier M. , Charlieux F. , de Combarieu M. , Dafinei I. , Danevich F. A. , De Jesus M. , Dumoulin L. , Eitel K. , Elkhoury E. , Ferri F. , Fujikawa B. K. , Gascon J. , Gironi L. , Giuliani A. , Grigorieva V. D. , Gros M. , Guerard E. , Helis D. L. , Huang H. Z. , Huang R. , Johnston J. , Juillard A. , Khalife H. , Kleifges M. , Kobychev V. V. , Kolomensky Yu. G. , Konovalov S. I. , Leder A. , Loaiza P. , Ma L. , Makarov E. P. , de Marcillac P. , Marini L. , Marnieros S. , Misiak D. , Navick X. -F. , Nones C. , Novati V. , Olivieri E. , Ouellet J. L. , Pagnanini L. , Pari P. , Pattavina L. , Paul B. , Pavan M. , Peng H. , Pessina G. , Pirro S. , Poda D. V. , Polischuk O. G. , Previtali E. , Redon Th. , Rozov S. , Rusconi C. , Sanglard V. , Schäffner K. , Schmidt B. , Shen Y. , Shlegel V. N. , Siebenborn B. , Singh V. , Sorbino S. , Tomei C. , Tretyak V. I. , Umatov V. I. , Vagneron L. , Velázquez M. , Weber M. , Welliver B. , Winslow L. , Xue M. , Yakushev E. , Zolotarova A. S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCUPID-Mo is a bolometric experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββ) of $$^{100}\hbox {Mo}$$100Mo. In this article, we detail the CUPID-Mo detector concept, assembly and installation in the Modane underground laboratory, providing results from the first datasets. The CUPID-Mo detector consists of an array of 20 $$^{100}\hbox {Mo}$$100Mo-enriched 0.2 kg $$\hbox {Li}_2\hbox {MoO}_4$$Li2MoO4 crystals operated as scintillating bolometers at $$\sim 20\hbox { mK}$$∼20mK. The $$\hbox {Li}_2\hbox {MoO}_4$$Li2MoO4 crystals are complemented by 20 thin Ge optical bolometers to reject $$\alpha $$α events by the simultaneous detection of heat and scintillation light. We observe a good detector uniformity and an excellent energy resolution of 5.3 keV (6.5 keV) FWHM at 2615 keV, in calibration (physics) data. Light collection ensures the rejection of $$\alpha $$α particles at a level much higher than 99.9% – with equally high acceptance for $$\gamma $$γ/$$\beta $$β events – in the region of interest for $$^{100}\hbox {Mo}$$100Mo$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββ. We present limits on the crystals’ radiopurity: $$\le 3~\mu \hbox {Bq/kg}$$≤3μBq/kg of $$^{226}\hbox {Ra}$$226Ra and $$\le 2~\mu \hbox {Bq/kg}$$≤2μBq/kg of $$^{232}\hbox {Th}$$232Th. We discuss the science reach of CUPID-Mo, which can set the most stringent half-life limit on the $$^{100}\hbox {Mo}$$100Mo$$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββ decay in half-a-year’s livetime. The achieved results show that CUPID-Mo is a successful demonstrator of the technology developed by the LUMINEU project and subsequently selected for the CUPID experiment, a proposed follow-up of CUORE, the currently running first tonne-scale bolometric $$0\nu \beta \beta $$0νββ experiment.
Predicting Therapeutic Antibody Delivery into Human Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Lu Guolan , Fakurnejad Shayan , Martin Brock A. , van den Berg Nynke S. , van Keulen Stan , Nishio Naoki , Zhu Ashley J. , Chirita Stefania U. , Zhou Quan , Gao Rebecca W. , Kong Christina S. , Fischbein Nancy , Penta Mrudula , Colevas Alexander D. , Rosenthal Eben L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
The efficacy of antibody-based therapeutics depends on successful drug delivery into solid tumors; therefore, there is a clinical need to measure intratumoral antibody distribution. This study aims to develop and validate an imaging and computation platform to directly quantify and predict antibody delivery into human head and neck cancers in a clinical study.

Experimental Design:
Twenty-four patients received systemic infusion of a near-infrared fluorescence-labeled therapeutic antibody followed by surgical tumor resection. A computational platform was developed to quantify the extent of heterogeneity of intratumoral antibody distribution. Both univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to select the most predictive tumor biological factors for antibody delivery. Quantitative image features from the pretreatment MRI were extracted and correlated with fluorescence imaging of antibody delivery.

Results:
This study not only confirmed heterogeneous intratumoral antibody distribution in-line with many preclinical reports, but also quantified the extent of interpatient, intertumor, and intratumor heterogeneity of antibody delivery. This study demonstrated the strong predictive value of tumor size for intratumoral antibody accumulation and its significant impact on antibody distribution in both primary tumor and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, this study established the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced MRI to predict antibody delivery.

Conclusions:
This study provides a clinically translatable platform to measure antibody delivery into solid tumors and yields valuable insight into clinically relevant antibody tumor penetration, with implications in the selection of patients amenable to antibody therapy and the design of more effective dosing strategies.
Reatividade cutânea a alérgenos alimentares em habitantes da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Silva Débora Da , Nakamatsu Bernardo Yassunobu , Fernandes Archangelo Padreca , Victor Jefferson Russo 
Published: January 2020

Fundamentos: As reações alérgicas contra proteínas alimentares constituem um problema de saúde pública que tem se agravado em todo o mundo. Este tipo de reação afeta a qualidade de vida e seu tratamento implica em altos custos. Objetivos: Neste trabalho, objetivamos identificar o padrão de reatividade alérgica cutânea de indivíduos voluntários residentes na cidade de São Paulo e identificar fatores sociodemográficos que possam ter relação com este tipo de alergia. Metodologia: 35 voluntários foram submetidos ao teste cutâneo de puntura (TCP) e a um questionário sócio demográfico. Foi testada a reatividade cutânea contra alérgenos do leite, ovos, castanha, amendoim, camarão e carne suína. Principais resultados: Foi possível constatar que o alérgeno que apresentou maior frequência de reatividade foi o camarão seguido por carne suína, leite, ovo, castanha do Pará e amendoim. Além disso, constatamos que geralmente os voluntários apresentam reatividade a apenas um alérgeno e que não tem conhecimento sobre seu potencial para desenvolver alergias alimentares. Por fim, ainda observamos que a quantidade de animais domésticos pode estar relacionada ao potencial alérgico individual. Conclusões: Em conclusão, foi possível atualizar a descrição do perfil de reatividade alérgica alimentar em indivíduos residentes na cidade de São Paulo e sugerir uma inédita relação com a quantidade de animais domésticos.
Doença de Madelung (lipomatose simétrica múltipla)
Authors: Guariento Karina Nacano , Gomes Rafael Tomaz , Esteves Vivien Longo , Nai Gisele Alborghetti , Abreu Marilda Aparecida Milanêz Morgado De 
Published: January 2020

Modelo do estudo: O presente estudo é um relato de caso, realizado a partir de revisão de prontuário, autorizado pelo comitê de ética do hospital, e o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido assinado pelo paciente.
Importância do problema: A doença de Madelung ou lipomatose simétrica múltipla é uma desordem rara, de etiologia indefinida, associado frequentemente ao alcoolismo e caracterizada pela presença de massas de tecido adiposo, não encapsuladas, distribuídas simetricamente, principalmente nas regiões superiores do tronco e cervical, que aumentam progressivamente de tamanho e levam a desfiguração cosmética do paciente. Pode provocar sintomas derivados de compressão de estruturas vasculares, nervosas e do trato aerodigestivo. A lipectomia e lipoaspiração são os tratamentos de escolha, embora geralmente paliativo.
Comentários: O presente trabalho relata um caso da doença de Madelung e apresenta uma breve revisão da literatura sobre o tema, ressaltando-se a importância do reconhecimento clínico desta entidade, bem como o seu manejo multidisciplinar.
Is Anatomical Variations a Risk Factor for Cerebral Vasospasm in Anterior Communicating Complex Aneurysms Rupture?
Authors: Jacquens Alice , Shotar Eimad , Bombled Camille , Glémain Benjamin , Sourour Nader-Antoine , Nouet Aurélien , Premat Kevin , Lenck Stephanie , Degos Vincent , Clarençon Frédéric 
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—
One-third of ruptured aneurysms are located on the anterior communicating complex with high prevalence of anatomic variations of this arterial segment. In this study, we hypothesized that anatomic variations of the anterior communicating complex increase the risk of angiographic vasospasm.

Methods—
Retrospective study of prospectively collected data from a monocentric subarachnoid hemorrhage cohort of patients admitted to neurointensive care between 2002 and 2018. Univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with angiographic vasospasm.

Results—

One thousand three hundred seventy-four patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage were admitted to our institution; 29.8% (n=410) were related to an anterior communicating complex aneurysm rupture; 9.2% (n=38) of them showed an anterior communicating artery variation. Angiographic vasospasm was diagnosed in 55.6% of this subgroup (vs 28.1%,
P
=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, external ventricular drain (2.2 [1.32–3.65],
P
=0.003) and anterior communicating artery variation (2.40 [1.2–4.9],
P
=0.04) were independently and significantly associated with angiographic vasospasm, while age above 60 years (0.3 [0.2–0.7];
P
=0.002) was a protective factor. However, anterior communicating artery variation was not statistically associated with ischemic vasospasm or poor neurological outcome after anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture.

Conclusions—
Anatomic variation of anterior communicating artery could be a new biomarker to identify patients at risk to develop angiographic vasospasm post-subarachnoid hemorrhage. External validation cohorts are necessary to confirm these results.
Capture by Context Elements, Not Attentional Suppression of Distractors, Explains the PD with Small Search Displays
Authors: Kerzel Dirk , Burra Nicolas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Top–down control of attention allows us to resist attentional capture by salient stimuli that are irrelevant to our current goals. Recently, it was proposed that attentional suppression of salient distractors contributes to top–down control by biasing attention away from the distractor. With small search displays, attentional suppression of salient distractors may even result in reduced RTs on distractor-present trials. In support of attentional suppression, electrophysiological measures revealed a positivity between 200 and 300 msec contralateral to the distractor, which has been referred to as distractor positivity (PD). We reexamined distractor benefits with small search displays and found that the positivity to the distractor was followed by a negativity to the distractor. The negativity, referred to as N2pc, is considered an index of attentional selection of the contralateral element. Thus, attentional suppression of the distractor (PD) preceded attentional capture (N2pc) by the distractor, which is at odds with the idea that attentional suppression avoids attentional capture by the distractor. Instead, we suggest that the initial “PD” is not a positivity to the distractor but rather a negativity (N2pc) to the contralateral context element, suggesting that, initially, the context captured attention. Subsequently, the distractor was selected because, paradoxically, participants searched all lateral target positions (even when irrelevant) before they examined the vertical positions. Consistent with this idea, search times were shorter for lateral than vertical targets. In summary, the early voltage difference in small search displays is unrelated to distractor suppression but may reflect capture by the context.
Revisions in Utilization-Adjusted TFP and Robust Identification of News Shocks
Authors: Kurmann André , Sims Eric 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper documents large revisions in a widely used series of utilization-adjusted total factor productivity (TFP) by Fernald (2014) and shows that these revisions can materially affect empirical results about the effects of news shocks. We trace these revisions to changes in estimated factor utilization that are evocative of cyclical measurement issues with productivity. We propose an alternative identification that is robust to these measurement issues. Applied to U.S. data, the shock predicts delayed productivity growth while simultaneously generating strong responses of novel indicators of technological innovation and forward-looking variables. The shock does not lead to comovement in macroeconomic aggregates.
Standing at the Edge of Reconstructable Transmission-History: Signs of a Secondary Sabbath-Oriented Stratum in Genesis 1:1-2:3
Authors: Carr David M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Past studies of the formation of Genesis 1 have varied between a hypothesis of ‘Word’ and ‘Act’ Strata, the idea of a secondary Sabbath-oriented (Holiness) Stratum, and Arguments for literary unity. This article gathers older and new arguments to advance the hypothesis of a secondary Sabbath-oriented stratum.
Why Prophets Are (Not) Shamans?
Authors: Nissinen Martti 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article explores the interface of prophecy and shamanhood from the point of view of intermediation, divination, and magic; performance and cosmology; gender; and social status. The most significant thing in common between prophets and shamans is the role of an intermediary and the superhuman authority ascribed to their activity. Other similarities include the performance in an altered state of consciousness, gender-inclusiveness, as well as some ritual roles and forms of social recognition. The action of the prophets rarely reaches beyond the transmission of the divine word, whereas the shamans’ activity is more strongly oriented towards ritual efficacy. The cosmological explanation of prophetic and shamanistic performance is different, and the transgendered roles of the shamans appear stronger. The social status varies according to the different community structures reflected by the source materials. It is argued that, even though the conceptual difference between prophets and shamans should be upheld, there is a strong interface between the two phenomena.
Jugend—Alter—Tod
Authors: Spieckermann Hermann 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Koh 11:7-12:8 is understood as the last part of Kohelet’s collected reflections, except for minor later additions. It resumes central topics addressed previously and correlates them to phases of human existence: youth and adulthood, (old) age and, finally death. It will be shown that the unique allusion to death by using the metaphor of “house of eternity” conveys the idea of a certain stability surrounded by examples how the beauty of creation and the products of human artistry are threatened by transitoriness, decay, and destruction. Consequently they become a paradigm of death—the way all human beings have to go. Joy pursued in the first decades of life and the “house of eternity” are not contradictory. Rather, both are regarded as positive options of human existence surrounded by the omnipresence of futility. It cannot even be excluded that Kohelet implicitly ponders a relation between the eternity God has given into the human heart (3:11) and the “house of eternity” (12:5). After all, these are the only significant instances of eternity in his collection.
Democracy, Oil and Political Stability in West Africa: Pathways to Managing Contested Spaces
Authors: Darkwa Linda , Attuquayefio Philip 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The discovery of oil in commercial quantities in Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Niger has generated optimism of a better life for the people living within the respective countries. This notwithstanding, the narrative surrounding African countries such as Nigeria and Angola as examples of the resource curse syndrome is well documented. Consequently, the conversation on the prospects from the discovery of oil is often measured. Within this context, this article explores the relationship between oil, democracy and political stability in West Africa. While conceding that countries which discovered oil post-democracy will likely avoid the challenges of those that struck oil prior to democracy, it is argued that such prospects are merely conditional due to inherent challenges in the democracy project practised in respective countries in the sub-region. The article thus argues that the pathways to addressing the contested spaces lie in democratic institutions with enhanced institutional capacity.
Saildrone: Adaptively Sampling the Marine Environment
Authors: Gentemann C. L. , Scott Joel P. , Mazzini Piero L. F. , Pianca Cassia , Akella Santha , Minnett Peter J. , Cornillon Peter , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Cetinić Ivona , Chin T. Mike , Gomez-Valdes Jose , Vazquez-Cuervo Jorge , Tsontos Vardis , Yu Lisan , Jenkins Richard , De Halleux Sebastien , Peacock Dave , Cohen Nora 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFrom 11 April to 11 June 2018 a new type of ocean observing platform, the Saildrone surface vehicle, collected data on a round-trip, 60-day cruise from San Francisco Bay, down the U.S. and Mexican coast to Guadalupe Island. The cruise track was selected to optimize the science team’s validation and science objectives. The validation objectives include establishing the accuracy of these new measurements. The scientific objectives include validation of satellite-derived fluxes, sea surface temperatures, and wind vectors and studies of upwelling dynamics, river plumes, air–sea interactions including frontal regions, and diurnal warming regions. On this deployment, the Saildrone carried 16 atmospheric and oceanographic sensors. Future planned cruises (with open data policies) are focused on improving our understanding of air–sea fluxes in the Arctic Ocean and around North Brazil Current rings.
Vertical Structure of Radiative Heating Rates of the MJO during DYNAMO
Authors: Shell Karen M. , de Szoeke Simon P. , Makiyama Michael , Feng Zhe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe vertical structure of radiative heating rates over the region of the tropical Indian Ocean associated with the MJO during the DYNAMO/ARM MJO Investigation Experiment is presented. The mean and variability of heating rates during active, suppressed, and disturbed phases are determined from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Combined Remote Sensing Retrieval (CombRet) from Gan Island, Maldives (0.69°S, 73.15°E). TOA and surface fluxes from the CombRet product are compared with collocated 3-hourly CERES SYN1deg Ed4A satellite retrievals. The fluxes are correlated in time with correlation coefficients around 0.9, yet CombRet time-mean OLR is 15 W m−2 larger. Previous work has suggested that CombRet undersamples high clouds, due to signal attenuation by low-level clouds and reduced instrument sensitivity with altitude. However, mean OLR differs between CombRet and CERES for all values of OLR, not just the lowest values corresponding to widespread high clouds. The discrepancy peaks for midrange OLR, suggestive of precipitating, towering cumulus convective clouds, rather than stratiform cirrus clouds. Low biases in the cloud-top height of thick clouds substantially contribute to the overestimate of OLR by CombRet. CombRet data are used to generate composite shortwave and longwave atmospheric heating rate profiles as a function of the local OLR. Although there is considerable variability in CombRet not directly related to OLR, the time–height structure of mean heating rate composites generated using OLR as the interpolant is broadly representative of tropical convective variability on intraseasonal time scales.
Chemical, Electrical and Tactile Sensitivity Changes After Middle Ear Surgery
Authors: Pellegrino Robert , Hummel Thomas 
Published: January 2020

Objective/Hypothesis: Taste disturbances are often seen in patients after middle ear surgery due to the stress received by an unprotected chorda tympani. It has also been reported that loss in tactile sensitivity may accompany this issue. The current study was designed to measure electrical, chemical, and tactile sensitives of several senses involved in oral processing, smell, taste and touch, over time. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: For three time points, one before middle ear surgery and two after operation (about 5 and 23 days), sensitivity thresholds were obtained using electrogustometry (electrical taste), taste strips (chemical taste), Sniffin’ Sticks (smell) and Von Frey Hairs (point-pressure tactile sensitivity). Results: The results show a decline in both chemical and electrical taste responses. Additionally, the electrical taste response showed more sensitivity to deviations and no sign of recovery unlike the chemical taste response. Mechanosensory function of the anterior tongue and olfactory function was not strongly affected by middle ear surgery. Conclusion: Taste responses, but not mechanosensory or olfaction function, are altered after middle ear surgery. Due to the effects that taste loss has on quality of life, gustometry is recommended for this group of patients. Levels of Evidence: 4