bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta causes inflammatory activation and organ damage within 30 minutes of occlusion in normovolemic pigs
Authors: Sadeghi Mitra , Dogan Emanuel M. , Karlsson Christina , Jansson Kjell , Seilitz Jenny , Skoog Per , Hörer Tal M. , Nilsson Kristofer F. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) causes physiological, metabolic, end-organ and inflammatory changes that need to be addressed for better management of severely injured patients. The aim of this study was to investigate occlusion time-dependent metabolic, end-organ and inflammatory effects of total REBOA in Zone I in a normovolemic animal model. Methods: Twenty-four pigs (25-35kg) were randomized to total occlusion REBOA in Zone I for either 15, 30, 60 minutes (REBOA15, REBOA30, and REBOA60, respectively) or to a control group, followed by 3-hour reperfusion. Hemodynamic variables, metabolic and inflammatory response, intraperitoneal and intrahepatic microdialysis, and plasma markers of end-organ injuries were measured during intervention and reperfusion. Intestinal histopathology was performed. Results: Mean arterial pressure and cardiac output increased significantly in all REBOA groups during occlusion and blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery and urinary production subsided during intervention. Metabolic acidosis with increased intraperitoneal and intrahepatic concentrations of lactate and glycerol was most pronounced in REBOA30 and REBOA60 during reperfusion and did not normalize at the end of reperfusion in REBOA60. Inflammatory response showed a significant and persistent increase of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during reperfusion in REBOA30 and was most pronounced in REBOA60. Plasma concentrations of liver, kidney, pancreatic and skeletal muscle enzymes were significantly increased at the end of reperfusion in REBOA30 and REBOA60. Significant intestinal mucosal damage was present in REBOA30 and REBOA60. Conclusion: Total REBOA caused severe systemic and intra-abdominal metabolic disturbances, organ damage and inflammatory activation already at 30 minutes of occlusion.
Modulation of SIRT3 expression through CDK4/6 enhances the anti-cancer effect of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Jo HanHee , Kim Kyung Sik , Kim Taehun , Park Yusun , Kim Jisu , Lee JongSook , Kim Seon yoo , Chung Jee-in , Ko Hae yong , Pyun Jae-Chul , Lee Misu , Yun Mijin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : : Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The only drug currently approved for clinical use in the treatment of advanced HCC is sorafenib. However, many patients with HCC show reduced sensitivity to sorafenib during treatment. SIRT3, a member of the mammalian sirtuin family, is a tumor suppressor in certain tumor types. To date, a few studies have investigated the effects of SIRT3 on tumor prognosis and sorafenib sensitivity in patients with HCC. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between SIRT3 expression and glucose metabolism and proliferation in HCC and to discover effective compounds that increase endogenous SIRT3 modulation effect of sorafenib. Methods: To determine the correlation between SIRT3 and glucose related proteins, immunostaining was performed with liver cancer tissue using various antibodies. To investigate whether the expression of SIRT3 in HCC is related to the resistance to sorafenib, we treated sorafenib after the modulation of SIRT3 levels in HCC cell lines (overexpression in Huh7, knockdown in HepG2). We also employed PD0332991 to modulate the SIRT3 expression in HCC cell and conducted functional assays. Results: SIRT3 expression is downregulated in high glycolytic and proliferative HCC of human patients, xenograft model and HCC cell lines. We also demonstrated that SIRT3 expression was downregulated after sorafenib treatment, resulting in reduced drug sensitivity in HCC cell lines. To enhance the anti-tumor effect of sorafenib, we employed PD0332991 (CDK4/6-Rb inhibitor) based on the correlation between SIRT3 and phospho-Rb in HCC. In addition, combined treatment with sorafenib and PD0332991 showed a synergic anti-tumor effect in HCC cells. Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that the modulation of SIRT3 by CDK4/6 inhibition might be used for HCC therapy together with sorafenib, which, unfortunately, has limited efficacy and whose use is often associated with drug resistance.
Regulatory T cells participate in the recovery of ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Santamaría-Cadavid María , Rodríguez-Castro Emilio , Rodríguez-Yáñez Manuel , Arias-Rivas Susana , López-Dequidt Iria , Pérez-Mato María , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel , López-Loureiro Ignacio , Hervella Pablo , Campos Francisco , Castillo José , Iglesias-Rey Ramón , Sobrino Tomás 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent preclinical studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Treg) play a key role in the immune response after ischemic stroke (IS). However, the role of Treg in human acute IS has been poorly investigated. Our aim was to study the relationship between circulating Treg and outcome in human IS patients. Methods: A total of 204 IS patients and 22 control subjects were recruited. The main study variable was good functional outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin scale ≤2) considering infarct volume, Early Neurological Deterioration (END) and risk of infections as secondary variables. The percentage of circulating Treg was measured at admission, 48, 72h and at day 7 after stroke onset. Results: Circulating Treg levels were higher in IS patients compared to control subjects. Treg at 48h were independently associated with good functional outcome (OR, 3.5; CI: 1.9-7.8) after adjusting by confounding factors. Patients with lower Treg at 48h showed higher frequency of END and risk of infections. In addition, a negative correlation was found between circulating Treg at 48h (r=-0.414) and 72h (r=-0.418) and infarct volume. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Treg may participate in the recovery of IS patients. Therefore, Treg may be considered a potential therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke.
Molecular detection and quantification of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes carriage in used RDTs in malaria elimination settings in northern Senegal
Authors: Guiguemde Kiswendsida Thierry , Dieye Yakou , Lô Aminata Collé , Ndiaye Magatte , Lam Aminata , Manga Isaac Akhénaton , Sow Gnagna Dieng , Diop Moussa , Souané Tamba , Diouf Marie Pièrre , Tine Roger Clément Kouly , Faye Babacar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria surveillance requires powerful tools and strategies to achieve malaria elimination. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria (RDTs) are easily deployed on a large scale and are helpful sources for the parasite's DNA. The application of sensitive molecular techniques to these RDTs is a modern tool for improving malaria case detection and drug resistance surveillance. Several studies have made it possible to extract the DNA of P. falciparum on these RDTs. The knowledge of gametocyte carriage in the population is important to better assess the level of parasite transmission in elimination settings. The aim of this study was to detect P. falciparum gametocytes from used RDTs by quantitative PCR technique in order to use this new tool for molecular monitoring of malaria transmission.
Methods: DNA was extracted from 303 RDT devices (SD Bioline Malaria Pf) using the Chelex-100 protocol. qPCR was performed in a 20 μL reaction to detect and quantify transcripts of the pfs25 gene. The cycle threshold (Ct) was determined by the emission fluorescence corresponding to the initial amount of amplified DNA.
Results: We found an overall prevalence of 53.47% with an average Ct of 32.12 ± 4.28 cycles. In 2018, the prevalence of gametocytes was higher in the Ranérou district (76.24%) than in the Saint-Louis district (67.33%) where an increase in the number of gametocyte carriers in 2018 was noted, in comparison with 2017.
Conclusions: RDTs are a good source of DNA for molecular monitoring of gametocyte carriage. This method, described for the first time, is a simple and effective tool to better understand the level of malaria transmission and reach elimination.
Keywords: Malaria, RDT, Gametocytes, DNA extraction, Quantification, Plasmodium falciparum , qPCR.
Enhancing the bioconversion of steroidal intermediates from phytosterols by the deficiency of kasB in the cell wall synthesis of Mycobacterium neoaurum
Authors: Xiong Liang-Bin , Liu Hao-Hao , Zhao Ming , Liu Yong-Jun , Song Lu , Xie Zhi-Yong , Xu Yi-Xin , Wang Feng-Qing , Wei Dong-Zhi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : The bioconversion of phytosterols into high value-added steroidal intermediates, including the 9 α -hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) and 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC), is the cornerstone in steroid pharmaceutical industry . However , t he low transportation efficiency of hydrophobic substrates into mycobacterial cells severely limits the transformation . In this study, a robust and stable modification of the cell wall in M. neoaurum strain strikingly enhanced the cell permeability for the high production of steroids. Results: The deletion of the nonessential kasB , encoding a β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase, led to a disturbed proportion of mycolic acids (MAs), w hich is one of the most important components in the cell wall of Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC 25795. The determination of cell permeability displayed about two times improvement in the kasB -deficient strain than that of the wild type M. neoaurum . Thus, the deficiency of kasB in the 9-OHAD-producing strain resulted in a significant increase of 137.7% in the yield of 9 α -hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) . Ultimately, the 9-OHAD productivity in an industrial used resting cell system was reached 0.1135 g/L/h (10.9 g/L 9-OHAD from 20 g/L phytosterol) and the conversion time was shortened by 33%. In addition , a similar self-enhancement effect (34.5%) was realized in the 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC) producing strain. Conclusions : The modification of kasB resulted in a meaningful change in the cell wall mycolic acids. Deletion of the kasB gene remarkably improved the cell permeability, leading to a self-enhancement of the steroidal intermediate conversion. The results showed a high efficiency and feasibility of this construction strategy.
Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure
Authors: Lombardo Lauren , Shaw Richard , Sayles Kathleen , Altschul Dorothea 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors.
Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes.
Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.
Uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria during Pregnancy with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in Malawi after adoption of updated World Health Organization policy: An Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2015-2016
Authors: Azizi Steven Chifundo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Malawi adopted the 2012 updated Word Health Organization (WHO) Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) policy in 2013. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of and identify factors associated with the uptake of at least three doses of IPTp-SP among pregnant women in Malawi after the adoption and operationalisation of updated WHO IPTp-SP policy. Methods The 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey dataset was used. Of 1,219 women aged 15-49 years who had live births and the children were born after date of July 2015, 1,069 women were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were used in data analysis. The statistical analysis took into account complex survey sample design. Results Of the 1,069 women, 447 (42%, 95% CI: 38.1-45.6) received three (optimal) or more doses of IPTp-SP. Less than half (47%) managed to attend at least four antenatal care (ANC) clinics. Only 52% received optimal SP doses among those who made at least four ANC visits. Only the number of ANC visits was associated with the optimal uptake of SP. Women who attended ANC three times only and those who visited ANC once or twice only were less likely to receive at least three doses of SP than those who managed to attend ANC at least four times during pregnancy (AOR=0.71, 95% CI 0.49-1.02) and (AOR=0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.21) respectively. Conclusions To achieve effective malaria prevention in pregnancy, IPTP-SP is used alongside other interventions. However, there is low uptake of optimal SP doses in Malawi, and this seems to be associated with the number of ANC visits. There is limited effectiveness of increased number of ANC visits on the uptake of optimal SP doses. Further research should be done to explore health systems factors affecting uptake of optimal IPTp-SP doses during pregnancy.
CareConekta: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a mobile health intervention to improve engagement in postpartum HIV care in South Africa
Authors: Clouse Kate , Phillips Tamsin K , Camlin Carol , Noholoza Sandisiwe , Mogoba Phepo , Naidoo Julian , Langford Richard , Weiss Martin , Seebregts Christopher J. , Myer Landon 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : South Africa is home to the world’s largest antiretroviral therapy program but sustaining engagement along the HIV care continuum has proven challenging in the country and throughout the wider region. Population mobility is common in South Africa, but important research gaps exist describing this mobility and its impact on engagement in HIV care. Postpartum women and their infants in South Africa are known to be at high risk of dropping out of HIV care after delivery and are frequently mobile.
Methods : In 2017, we developed a beta version of a smartphone application (app) – CareConekta – that detects a user’s smartphone location to allow for prospective characterization of mobility. Now we will adapt and test CareConekta to conduct essential formative work on mobility and evaluate an intervention – the CareConekta app plus text notifications and phone calls and/or WhatsApp messages – to facilitate engagement in HIV care during times of mobility. During the three-year project period, our first objective is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of using CareConekta as an intervention to improve engagement in HIV care. Our second objective is to characterize mobility among South African women during the peripartum period and its impact on engagement in HIV care. We will enroll 200 eligible pregnant women living with HIV and receiving care at the Gugulethu Midwife Obstetric Unit in Cape Town, South Africa.
Discussion : This work will provide critical information about mobility during the peripartum period and the impact on engagement in HIV care. Simultaneously, we will pilot test an intervention to improve engagement with rigorously-assessed outcomes. If successful, CareConekta offers tremendous potential as a research and service tool that can be adapted and evaluated in multiple geographic regions, study contexts, and patient populations.
Trial registration : ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03836625; registered February 8, 2019.
Traditional and health practitioners perspective on traditional medicine utilisation during antenatal care in Bulilima, Plumtree, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mudonhi Nicholas , Nunu Wilfred Njabulo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Traditional Health System has been reported to be the most accessible, affordable, and acceptable in resource poor settings particularly in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). It is utilised for different health needs including pregnancy management. This study sought to explore traditional and health practitioner’s perspective on traditional medicine utilisation during antenatal care in Bulilima District, Plumtree, Zimbabwe.Methods: A qualitative cross-sectional survey was conducted on purposively selected health practitioners and snowballed traditional health practitioners who responded to unstructured interviews. Data was collected using a digital tape recorder, transcribed and thematically analysed on MAXQDA.Results: Findings reported that Eel Fish/Water snake, Donkey Placenta, Elephant Dung, Holy water and Holy tea were common traditional remedies used during pregnancy. Reasons for traditional remedy utilisation were reported to be: protection from witchcraft, chasing of evil spirits, preventing breeching, stabilisation of embryo and shortening of labour period. Health service expressed their scepticism on the safety of traditional medicine utilisation during pregnancy.Conclusion: Women utilise traditional medicines and remedies during pregnancy for different reasons. There are concerns regarding their safety from the health service providers though traditional practitioners do not concur. There is need for investing on research that would ascertain the safety of these traditional medicines in a cohort format as this system has been a cheaper alternative for those who cannot afford or access modern health services.
Indirect measurement of anterior-posterior ground reaction forces using a minimal set of wearable inertial sensors: From healthy to hemiparetic walking
Authors: Revi Dheepak Arumukhom , Alvarez Andre , Walsh Conor J. , De Rossi Stefano M. M. , Awad Louis N 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The anterior-posterior ground reaction force (AP-GRF) and propulsion and braking metrics derived from the AP-GRF time series are meaningful indicators of locomotor function across healthy and neurological diagnostic groups. In this paper, we describe the use of a minimal set of wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) to indirectly measure the AP-GRF time series during healthy and hemiparetic walking.Methods: Ten healthy individuals and five individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis completed a 6-minute walk test over a walking track instrumented with six forceplates while wearing three IMUs securely attached to the pelvis, thigh, and shank. Subject-specific models driven by IMU-measured thigh and shank angles and an estimate of body acceleration provided by the pelvis IMU were used to generate indirect estimates of the AP-GRF time series. Propulsion and braking point metrics (i.e., peaks, peak timings, and impulses) were extracted from the IMU-generated time series. A 75%-25% split of 6-minute walk test data was used to train and validate the models. Indirect estimates of the AP-GRF time series and point metrics were compared to direct measurements of the same made by the reference standard forceplates. Results: Indirect measurements of the AP-GRF time series strongly approximated the direct measurements made by forceplates, with low error and high consistency in both the healthy (RMSE = 4.5 %bw; R2 = 0.93) and post-stroke (RMSE = 2.65 %bw; R2 = 0.90) cohorts. In the healthy cohort, the average error between indirect and direct measurements of the magnitude (% bodyweight, %bw) and timing (% stance phase, %sp) of the peak propulsion and braking point metrics was less than 1.8 %bw and 0.8 %sp in the training dataset and less than 2.7 %bw and 1.4 %sp in the validation dataset. Similarly, the average error for the propulsion and braking impulses was less than 0.52 %bw and 0.68 %bw for the training and validation datasets, respectively. In the post-stroke cohort, the average error was less or comparable for every metric. Conclusions: Highly accurate estimates of the AP-GRF time series and key propulsion and braking point metrics can be generated using three strategically mounted IMUs and subject-specific calibrations. This study is a foundational step toward the development of point-of-care diagnostic systems that can catalyze the routine assessment and management of propulsion and braking locomotor deficits during rehabilitation.
BRScS: A Hybrid Recommendation Model Fusing Multi-source Heterogeneous Data
Authors: Ji zhenyan , Yang Chun , Wang HUIHUI ,   JOS´E ENRIQUE ARMEND´ARIZ-I˜NIGO3,   MARTA ARCE-URRIZA4
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Recommendation systems are often used to solve the problem of information overload on the Internet. Many types of data can be used for recommendation, and fusing diﬀerent types of data can make recommendation more accurate. Most existing fusion recommendation models simply combine the recommendation results from diﬀerent data instead of fully fusing multi-source heterogeneous data to make recommendations. Furthermore, users’ choices are usually aﬀected by their direct and even indirect friends’ preferences. This paper proposes a hybrid recommendation model BRScS (an acronym for BPR-Review-Score-Social). It fully fuses social data, score, and review together, uses improved BPR model to optimize the ranking, and trains them in a joint representation learning framework to get the top-N recommendations. User trust model is used to introduce social relationships into the rating and review data, PV-DBOW model is used to process the review data, and fully connected neural network is used to process the rating data. Experiments on Yelp public dataset show that the BRScS algorithm proposed outperforms other recommendation algorithms such as BRSc, UserCF, HRSc. BRScS model is also scalable and can fuse new type of data easily.