bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LOOK, KNAVE
Authors: MORRILL THOMAS 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe examine a recursive sequence in which

$s_n$
is a literal description of what the binary expansion of the previous term

$s_{n-1}$
is not. By adapting a technique of Conway, we determine the limiting behaviour of

$\{s_n\}$
and dynamics of a related self-map of

$2^{\mathbb {N}}$
. Our main result is the existence and uniqueness of a pair of binary sequences, each the complement-description of the other. We also take every opportunity to make puns.
Prospective associations between vitamin D and depression in middle-aged adults: findings from the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Ronaldson Amy , Arias de la Torre Jorge , Gaughran Fiona , Bakolis Ioannis , Hatch Stephani L. , Hotopf Matthew , Dregan Alexandru 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundA possible role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of depression is currently speculative, with more rigorous research needed to assess this association in large adult populations. The current study assesses prospective associations between vitamin D status and depression in middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank.MethodsWe assessed prospective associations between vitamin D status at the baseline assessment (2006–2010) and depression measured at the follow-up assessment (2016) in 139 128 adults registered with the UK Biobank.ResultsAmongst participants with no depression at baseline (n= 127 244), logistic regression revealed that those with vitamin D insufficiency [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–1.22] and those with vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.13–1.36) were more likely to develop new-onset depression at follow-up compared with those with optimal vitamin D levels after adjustment for a wide range of relevant covariates. Similar prospective associations were reported for those with depression at baseline (n= 11 884) (insufficiency: aOR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.00–1.23; deficiency: aOR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.13–1.50).ConclusionsThe prospective associations found between vitamin D status and depression suggest that both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency might be risk factors for the development of new-onset depression in middle-aged adults. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency (and to a lesser extent insufficiency) might be a predictor of sustained depressive symptoms in those who are already depressed. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is very common, meaning that these findings have significant implications for public health.
Bidirectional pathways between psychosocial risk factors and paranoid ideation in a general nonclinical population
Authors: Saarinen Aino , Granö Niklas , Hintsanen Mirka , Lehtimäki Terho , Cloninger C. Robert , Keltikangas-Järvinen Liisa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe investigated (a) whether psychosocial factors (experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, sleeping disturbances, alcohol use) predict the course of paranoid ideation between the ages of 24 to 50 years and (b) whether the predictive relationships are more likely to proceed from the psychosocial factors to paranoid ideation, or vice versa. The participants (N = 1534–1553) came from the population-based Young Finns study. Paranoid ideation and psychosocial factors were assessed by reliable self-report questionnaires in 2001, 2007, and 2011/2012. The data were analyzed using growth curve and structural equation models. High experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, frequent sleeping disturbances, and frequent alcohol use predicted more paranoid ideation. More risk factors predicted increasing paranoid ideation. There were bidirectional predictive relationships of paranoid ideation with experienced stress, anticipatory worry, social detachment, and sleeping disturbances. The link between alcohol use and paranoid ideation was only correlative. In conclusion, paranoid ideation increases by reciprocal interactions with stress, worry, social detachment, and sleeping disturbances. The findings support the threat–anticipation model of paranoid ideation, providing important implications for treatment of paranoia.
Dosimetric analysis and comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy for liver carcinoma
Authors: Chiang Bing-Hao , Schnell Erich , Hibbitts Kerry , Herman Terence , Ahmad Salahuddin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAim:This study dosimetrically compared volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) to intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMRT) for patients with liver carcinoma.Materials and methods:Ten patients with liver carcinoma previously treated with IMRT or VMAT were retrospectively selected for this study. Each patient received a total dose of 54 Gy in 1·8 Gy fractions. Dosimetric evaluations for each patient were performed using the dose–volume histograms (DVHs) for planning target volumes (PTVs) and organs at risk (OAR). All dosimetric parameters were statistically analysed using mean values, standard deviations and p-values for determining the significance. The conformality index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) were calculated and compared. For efficiency evaluation, monitor units (MUs) and beam on times (BOT) were recorded.Results:Compared to IMRT, VMAT plans showed significant differences in the heterogeneity with p < 0·01 and insignificant differences in both conformality and normal tissue sparing. VMAT required marginally fewer mean MU and shorter BOT when compared to IMRT with insignificant differences.Conclusions:For radiation therapy treatment of liver carcinoma, IMRT and VMAT can achieve similar PTV coverage and normal tissue sparing. Treatment time is only marginally shorter with VMAT versus IMRT with insignificant differences.
SEMANTICS FOR PURE THEORIES OF CONNEXIVE IMPLICATION
Authors: WEISS YALE 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, I provide Urquhart-style semilattice semantics for three connexive logics in an implication-negation language (I call these “pure theories of connexive implication”). The systems semantically characterized include the implication-negation fragment of a connexive logic of Wansing, a relevant connexive logic recently developed proof-theoretically by Francez, and an intermediate system that is novel to this article. Simple proofs of soundness and completeness are given and the semantics is used to establish various facts about the systems (e.g., that two of the systems have the variable sharing property). I emphasize the intuitive content of the semantics and discuss how natural informational considerations underly each of the examined systems.
PROBABILISTIC STABILITY, AGM REVISION OPERATORS AND MAXIMUM ENTROPY
Authors: MIERZEWSKI KRZYSZTOF 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSeveral authors have investigated the question of whether canonical logic-based accounts of belief revision, and especially the theory of AGM revision operators, are compatible with the dynamics of Bayesian conditioning. Here we show that Leitgeb’s stability rule for acceptance, which has been offered as a possible solution to the Lottery paradox, allows to bridge AGM revision and Bayesian update: using the stability rule, we prove that AGM revision operators emerge from Bayesian conditioning by an application of the principle of maximum entropy. In situations of information loss, or whenever the agent relies on a qualitative description of her information state—such as a plausibility ranking over hypotheses, or a belief set—the dynamics of AGM belief revision are compatible with Bayesian conditioning; indeed, through the maximum entropy principle, conditioning naturally generates AGM revision operators. This mitigates an impossibility theorem of Lin and Kelly for tracking Bayesian conditioning with AGM revision, and suggests an approach to the compatibility problem that highlights the information loss incurred by acceptance rules in passing from probabilistic to qualitative representations of belief.
SUPPORT FOR GEOMETRIC POOLING
Authors: BACCELLI JEAN , STEWART RUSH T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSupra-Bayesianism is the Bayesian response to learning the opinions of others. Probability pooling constitutes an alternative response. One natural question is whether there are cases where probability pooling gives the supra-Bayesian result. This has been called the problem of Bayes-compatibility for pooling functions. It is known that in a common prior setting, under standard assumptions, linear pooling cannot be nontrivially Bayes-compatible. We show by contrast that geometric pooling can be nontrivially Bayes-compatible. Indeed, we show that, under certain assumptions, geometric and Bayes-compatible pooling are equivalent. Granting supra-Bayesianism its usual normative status, one upshot of our study is thus that, in a certain class of epistemic contexts, geometric pooling enjoys a normative advantage over linear pooling as a social learning mechanism. We discuss the philosophical ramifications of this advantage, which we show to be robust to variations in our statement of the Bayes-compatibility problem.
Traces ofAztecCulturalMemory inSixteenth-CenturySongs andChronicles:The Case of Tlacahuepan
Authors: Szoblik Katarzyna 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze traces of Aztec cultural memory recorded in sixteenth-century cultural sources of Central Mexico. It is a study of the particular case of an Aztec hero named Tlacahuepan, whose glorious death was commemorated in many songs and chronicles. The texts in question reveal highly symbolic language, as well as clearly established narrative patterns. The study of their discursive tools can cast considerable light on the ideological background that underlies the oral tradition on which these stories have been based. It can also contribute to a better understanding of the methods and strategies employed by the Aztecs to memorize the past and explain the present.
“Vivir Mejor”:Radio Education in Rural Colombia (1960–80)
Authors: Cant Anna 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTFounded in 1947 by a Catholic priest, Acción Cultural Popular (ACPO) was a pioneer in radio education. Offering a radio station (Radio Sutatenza), study manuals, and a newspaper, ACPO provided basic education and encouraged campesinos to seek personal development and to “vivir mejor”--to live better. From 1947 to 1994, it attracted over four million subscribers and became a model in 13 Latin American countries. In this article I show how ACPO's approach to rural development and communication style evolved between 1960 and 1980. As a consequence of technological, economic, and cultural developments, Radio Sutatenza, a station with a more or less captive audience of illiterate peasants, changed as it was forced to respond to rural Colombians’ shifting aspirations and competition from commercial radio. While the organization's founding principles remained constant throughout this period, its articulation of what it meant to “live better” changed over time, reflecting the struggles of a religious organization to remain relevant in a rapidly changing world. While ACPO saw itself as the bearer of modernity, it was often confronted by independent processes of change already occurring in rural communities.
Simulation of Central Indian Ocean Mode in S2S Models
Authors: Qin Jianhuang , Zhou Lei , Li Baosheng , Murtugudde Raghu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSimulation of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations (MISO) during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is a grand scientific challenge. The Subseasonal‐to‐Seasonal (S2S) prediction project provides a unique way to examine the key dynamics of MISO. Recently, a Central Indian Ocean (CIO) mode was proposed as an intrinsic climate mode over the Indian Ocean, and it has a close relation with MISO during the ISM. In this study, the simulations of the CIO mode events in S2S models are examined. The results confirm that a better rendition of the CIO mode in S2S models tends to result in a better simulation of northward propagating MISO and leads to stronger subseasonal rainfall during the ISM. The positive CIO mode cases are classified into well‐simulated and poorly simulated groups. It is shown that the barotropic energy conversion due to the meridional shear of background zonal winds (
) enhances the kinetic energy at subseasonal timescales during the CIO mode in the well‐simulated group, which also agrees with observations. As a result, the enhanced meridional wind anomalies transport moisture from the tropics to the subtropics and reinforce midtropospheric moisture loading in the subtropics, which nourishes the northward propagating MISO. Therefore, a better simulation of
and moisture transport by subseasonal meridional wind anomalies are required to improve the CIO mode simulation, which is expected to benefit the simulation and prediction of MISO during the ISM.
Mucin-derived O-glycans supplemented to diet mitigate diverse microbiota perturbations
Authors: Pruss K M , Marcobal A , Southwick A M , Dahan D , Smits S A , Ferreyra J A , Higginbottom S K , Sonnenburg E D , Kashyap P C , Choudhury B , Bode L , Sonnenburg J L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are powerful modulators of microbiota composition and function. These substrates are often derived from diet, such as complex polysaccharides from plants or human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) during breastfeeding. Host-derived mucus glycans on gut-secreted mucin proteins serve as a continuous endogenous source of MACs for resident microbes; here we investigate the potential role of purified, orally administered mucus glycans in maintaining a healthy microbial community. In this study, we liberated and purified O-linked glycans from porcine gastric mucin and assessed their efficacy in shaping the recovery of a perturbed microbiota in a mouse model. We found that porcine mucin glycans (PMGs) and HMOs enrich for taxonomically similar resident microbes. We demonstrate that PMGs aid recovery of the microbiota after antibiotic treatment, suppress Clostridium difficile abundance, delay the onset of diet-induced obesity, and increase the relative abundance of resident Akkermansia muciniphila. In silico analysis revealed that genes associated with mucus utilization are abundant and diverse in prevalent gut commensals and rare in enteric pathogens, consistent with these glycan-degrading capabilities being selected for during host development and throughout the evolution of the host–microbe relationship. Importantly, we identify mucus glycans as a novel class of prebiotic compounds that can be used to mitigate perturbations to the microbiota and provide benefits to host physiology.
Keap1 inhibition sensitizes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells to ionizing radiation via impaired non-homologous end joining and induced autophagy
Authors: Deville Sara Sofia , Luft Susanne , Kaufmann Maria , Cordes Nils 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe function of Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1), a sensor of oxidative and electrophilic stress, in the radiosensitivity of cancer cells remains elusive. Here, we investigated the effects of pharmacological inhibition of Keap1 with ML344 on radiosensitivity, DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and autophagy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. Our data demonstrate that Keap1 inhibition enhances HNSCC cell radiosensitivity. Despite elevated, Nrf2-dependent activity of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-related DNA repair, Keap1 inhibition seems to impair DSB repair through delayed phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs. Moreover, Keap1 inhibition elicited autophagy and increased p62 levels when combined with X-ray irradiation. Our findings suggest HNSCC cell radiosensitivity, NHEJ-mediated DSB repair, and autophagy to be co-regulated by Keap1.
Early-onset autoimmunity associated with SOCS1 haploinsufficiency
Authors: Hadjadj Jérôme , Castro Carla Noemi , Tusseau Maud , Stolzenberg Marie-Claude , Mazerolles Fabienne , Aladjidi Nathalie , Armstrong Martin , Ashrafian Houman , Cutcutache Ioana , Ebetsberger-Dachs Georg , Elliott Katherine S. , Durieu Isabelle , Fabien Nicole , Fusaro Mathieu , Heeg Maximilian , Schmitt Yohan , Bras Marc , Knight Julian C. , Lega Jean-Christophe , Lesca Gaetan , Mathieu Anne-Laure , Moreews Marion , Moreira Baptiste , Nosbaum Audrey , Page Matthew , Picard Cécile , Ronan Leahy T. , Rouvet Isabelle , Ryan Ethel , Sanlaville Damien , Schwarz Klaus , Skelton Andrew , Viallard Jean-Francois , Viel Sebastien , Villard Marine , Callebaut Isabelle , Picard Capucine , Walzer Thierry , Ehl Stephan , Fischer Alain , Neven Bénédicte , Belot Alexandre , Rieux-Laucat Frédéric 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAutoimmunity can occur when a checkpoint of self-tolerance fails. The study of familial autoimmune diseases can reveal pathophysiological mechanisms involved in more common autoimmune diseases. Here, by whole-exome/genome sequencing we identify heterozygous, autosomal-dominant, germline loss-of-function mutations in the SOCS1 gene in ten patients from five unrelated families with early onset autoimmune manifestations. The intracellular protein SOCS1 is known to downregulate cytokine signaling by inhibiting the JAK-STAT pathway. Accordingly, patient-derived lymphocytes exhibit increased STAT activation in vitro in response to interferon-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 that is reverted by the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. This effect is associated with a series of in vitro and in vivo immune abnormalities consistent with lymphocyte hyperactivity. Hence, SOCS1 haploinsufficiency causes a dominantly inherited predisposition to early onset autoimmune diseases related to cytokine hypersensitivity of immune cells.
Vestigial-like 1 is a shared targetable cancer-placenta antigen expressed by pancreatic and basal-like breast cancers
Authors: Bradley Sherille D. , Talukder Amjad H. , Lai Ivy , Davis Rebecca , Alvarez Hector , Tiriac Herve , Zhang Minying , Chiu Yulun , Melendez Brenda , Jackson Kyle R. , Katailiha Arjun , Sonnemann Heather M. , Li Fenge , Kang Yaan , Qiao Na , Pan Bih-Fang , Lorenzi Philip L. , Hurd Mark , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Peterson Christine B. , Javle Milind , Bristow Christopher , Kim Michael , Tuveson David A. , Hawke David , Kopetz Scott , Wolff Robert A. , Hwu Patrick , Maitra Anirban , Roszik Jason , Yee Cassian , Lizée Gregory 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-based cancer immunotherapies have shown great promise for inducing clinical regressions by targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAA). To expand the TAA landscape of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we performed tandem mass spectrometry analysis of HLA class I-bound peptides from 35 PDAC patient tumors. This identified a shared HLA-A*0101 restricted peptide derived from co-transcriptional activator Vestigial-like 1 (VGLL1) as a putative TAA demonstrating overexpression in multiple tumor types and low or absent expression in essential normal tissues. Here we show that VGLL1-specific CTLs expanded from the blood of a PDAC patient could recognize and kill in an antigen-specific manner a majority of HLA-A*0101 allogeneic tumor cell lines derived not only from PDAC, but also bladder, ovarian, gastric, lung, and basal-like breast cancers. Gene expression profiling reveals VGLL1 as a member of a unique group of cancer-placenta antigens (CPA) that may constitute immunotherapeutic targets for patients with multiple cancer types.
Neonicotinoids disrupt circadian rhythms and sleep in honey bees
Authors: Tackenberg Michael C. , Giannoni-Guzmán Manuel A. , Sanchez-Perez Erik , Doll Caleb A. , Agosto-Rivera José L. , Broadie Kendal , Moore Darrell , McMahon Douglas G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHoney bees are critical pollinators in ecosystems and agriculture, but their numbers have significantly declined. Declines in pollinator populations are thought to be due to multiple factors including habitat loss, climate change, increased vulnerability to disease and parasites, and pesticide use. Neonicotinoid pesticides are agonists of insect nicotinic cholinergic receptors, and sub-lethal exposures are linked to reduced honey bee hive survival. Honey bees are highly dependent on circadian clocks to regulate critical behaviors, such as foraging orientation and navigation, time-memory for food sources, sleep, and learning/memory processes. Because circadian clock neurons in insects receive light input through cholinergic signaling we tested for effects of neonicotinoids on honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep. Neonicotinoid ingestion by feeding over several days results in neonicotinoid accumulation in the bee brain, disrupts circadian rhythmicity in many individual bees, shifts the timing of behavioral circadian rhythms in bees that remain rhythmic, and impairs sleep. Neonicotinoids and light input act synergistically to disrupt bee circadian behavior, and neonicotinoids directly stimulate wake-promoting clock neurons in the fruit fly brain. Neonicotinoids disrupt honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep, likely by aberrant stimulation of clock neurons, to potentially impair honey bee navigation, time-memory, and social communication.
Blumgart anastomosis reduces the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhenlu , Wei Ailin , Xia Ning , Zheng Liangxia , Yang Dujiang , Ye Jun , Xiong Junjie , Hu Weiming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPostoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most serious complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Recently, Blumgart anastomosis (BA) has been found to have some advantages in terms of decreasing POPF compared with other pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) using either the duct-to-mucosa or invagination approach. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of BA versus non-Blumgart anastomosis after PD. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Library were systematically searched for studies published from January 2000 to March 2020. One RCT and ten retrospective comparative studies were included with 2412 patients, of whom 1155 (47.9%) underwent BA and 1257 (52.1%) underwent non-Blumgart anastomosis. BA was associated with significantly lower rates of grade B/C POPF (OR 0.38, 0.22 to 0.65; P = 0.004) than non-Blumgart anastomosis. Additionally, in the subgroup analysis, the grade B/C POPF was also reduced in BA group than the Kakita anastomosis group. There was no significant difference regarding grade B/C POPF in terms of soft pancreatic texture between the BA and non-Blumgart anastomosis groups. In conclusion, BA after PD was associated with a decreased risk of grade B/C POPF. Therefore, BA seems to be a valuable PJ to reduce POPF comparing with non-Blumgart anastomosis.
Quantitative PCR methodology with a volume-based unit for the sophisticated cellular kinetic evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Yamamoto Syunsuke , Matsumoto Shin-ichi , Goto Akihiko , Ugajin Miyuki , Nakayama Miyu , Moriya Yuu , Hirabayashi Hideki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough the cellular kinetics of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells are expressed in units of copies/μg gDNA, this notation carries the risk of misrepresentation owing to dramatic changes in blood gDNA levels after lymphocyte-depleting chemotherapy and rapid expansion of CAR T cells. Therefore, we aimed to establish a novel qPCR methodology incorporating a spike-in calibration curve that expresses cellular kinetics in units of copies/μL blood, as is the case for conventional pharmacokinetic studies of small molecules and other biologics. Dog gDNA was used as an external control gene. Our methodology enables more accurate evaluation of in vivo CAR T-cell expansion than the conventional approach; the unit “copies/μL blood” is therefore more appropriate for evaluating cellular kinetics than the unit “copies/μg gDNA.” The results of the present study provide new insights into the relationship between cellular kinetics and treatment efficacy, thereby greatly benefiting patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy.