bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sebaran Aktivitas Radionuklida Alam dalam Sedimen di Perairan Sluke Rembang, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Marwoto Jarot , Muslim Muslim , Aprilia Zanet Dwi , Purwanto Purwanto , Makmur Murdahayu 
Published: January 2020

The existence of natural radionuclides has been around since the earth was formed. Steam Power Plant in Sluke Rembang is operated by coal fuel that produces some natural radionuclides that release as a gas through the chimney to atmosphere. These radionuclides fall on the land and sea. The purpose of this study was to know the activity of gamma-emitting natural radionuclides in sediments and its distribution in the Sluke waters of Rembang. The result showed that activity of 40K, 212Pb, 226Ra dan 228Ac appeared fluctuating with a range from 160.54-503.87 Bq/kg; 88.62-333.34 Bq/kg; 66.07-95.24 Bq/kg and 95.30-466.46 Bq/kg respectively. The distribution of natural radionuclides was affected by topography, resources and the movement patterns of currents that move from the source of radionuclides to the northeast. The data obtained in this study will serve as baseline data in natural radionuclide in Sluke, Rembang. Keberadaan radionuklida alam sudah ada sejak bumi terbentuk. Pusat Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) di Sluke Rembang dioperasikan dengan bahan bakar batu bara yang menghasilkan beberapa radionuklida alam dalam bentuk gas yang dilepaskan melalui cerobong asap ke atmosfir. Radionuklida tersebut akhirnya jatuh di darat dan di perairan laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas radionuklida alam dalam sedimen dan distribusinya di perairan Sluke, Rembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai aktivitas radionuklida alam 40K, 212Pb, 226Ra dan 228Ac berfluktuasi, secara berturut-turut adalah dari 160,54-503,87 Bq/kg; 88,62-333,34 Bq/kg; 66,07-95,24 Bq/kg dan 95,30-466,46 Bq/kg. Distribusi aktivitasnya dipengaruhi oleh topografi, sumber dan pergerakan pola arus yang bergerak dari sumber radionuklida menuju ke timur laut. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai baseline unsur radionuklida alam (NORM) di Sluke Rembang.
Bioakumulasi Arsen (As) dan Merkuri (Hg) pada Bivalvia dari Pesisir Sekitar Demak dan Surabaya Indonesia
Authors: Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Sabdono Agus , Subagiyo Subagiyo 
Published: January 2020

The coastal waters at Demak and Surabaya as areas for fishing ground bivalve for consumption proposes. Unfortunately, mostly the coastal land these areas were used for industry and settlement, it will have an impact on the coastal environment. Heavy metal is one of aspect on coastal environments will give impact, especially on bivalves. This study aims to determine the metal As and Hg in several of bivalves tissue, seawater, sediments and bioaccumulation factors in the of Demak and Surabaya coastal waters. The analysis of As and Hg content in bivalves tissue, sediments and seawater using ICPMS. The results showed bivalves, sediments and seawater samples were found As and Hg concentrations. The highest concentration of As was found in the sediments; meanwhile the highest Hg concentration was found in the bivalve tissue of P. attenuatus > A. pectinata > A.inaequivalvis > A. granosa > P. viridis > P. undulada > M. hiantina respectively. The BAF bioaccumulation factor a significant difference p = 0.021 and the BSAF sediment bioaccumulation factor showed a very highly significant difference p = 0.009. The concentration of As, Hg and bioaccumulation factors in the two fishing ground bivalves areas shows a difference. Pesisir sekitar Demak dan Surabaya merupakan daerah fishing ground berbagai jenis bivalvia untuk dikonsumsi. Namun sekarang pesisir daratan sebagian besar dimanfaatkan untuk industri dan pemukiman hal tersebut akan memberi dampak pada lingkungan pesisir. Logam berat merupakan salah satu aspek yang memberi dampak pada linkungan pesisir terutama pada bivalvia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui logam As dan Hg yang terdapat dalam jaringan beberapa jenis bivalvia, air laut, sedimen serta faktor bioakumulasi di pesisir Demak dan Surabaya. Analisa kandungan As dan Hg dalam jaringan bivalvia, sedimen dan air laut menguunakan ICPMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sampel bivalvia, sedimen dan air laut ditemukan As dan Hg. Konsentrasi As tertinggi ditemukan dalam sedimen, sedangkan konsentrasi Hg tertinggi ditemukan dalam jaringan bivalvia secara berurutan P. attenuatus > A. pectinata > A.inaequivalvis > A. granosa > P. viridis > P. undulada > T. timorensis. Adanya perbedaan yang nyata p=0.021 terhadap faktor bioakumulasi BAF dan faktor bioakumulasi sedimen BSAF menunjukan perbedaan yang sangat nyata p = 0.009. Konsentrasi As, Hg dan faktor bioakumulasi di kedua daerah fishing ground bivalvia menunjukan adanya perbedaan.
Pedagogická praxe studentů učitelství biologie z pohledu mentorských rozhovorů
Authors: Němečková Linda , Pavlasová Lenka 
Published: January 2020

Pedagogická praxe je jednou z důležitých součástí přípravy budoucího učitele a klíčové místo v jejím průběhu zaujímají mentorské rozhovory mezi studentem a garantem praxe. Článek popisuje analýzu mentorských rozhovorů u studentů učitelství biologie, které byly vedeny s cílem zjistit, kterými aspekty výuky se studenti zabývají, které opomíjí a které jim případně působí potíže. Zaměřily jsme se na oborově specifické jevy v hodinách přírodopisu a biologie v pěti oblastech: cíle výuky, rozsah a obsah učiva, způsob práce s učivem/pomůckami, chyby učitele a žáků a oblíbenost témat a motivace. Respondenty výzkumného šetření byli studenti učitelství biologie (n = 35), kteří v rámci svého navazujícího magisterského studia absolvovali praxe na základních či středních školách. Nejčastěji studenti stanovovali pouze kognitivní výukové cíle a ty byly formulovány především pomocí obsahu učiva. Klíčové kompetence a aktivní slovesa byla při stanovení cílů použita v malé míře. Rozsah učiva byl nejčastěji určován kmenovou učitelkou příp. zvyklostmi dané školy, prezentované organismy poté nejčastěji pomocí učebnice. Velká část respondentů byla schopna uvést konkrétní chyby, kterých se při výuce dopustili, ovšem k chybám žáků se respondenti až na jednu výjimku nevyjadřovali. Jako nejběžnější způsob motivace žáků byla uváděna názornost použitím různých výukových pomůcek. Domníváme se, že zjištěné výsledky mohou přispět ke zkvalitňování přípravy studentů učitelství biologie zejména v oblasti vedení mentorských rozhovorů při souvislých pedagogických praxích.
Znaczenie klastrów w rozwoju branż
Authors: Kania Aleksandra , Mroczek-Dąbrowska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

Rywalizacja jest nieodzownym elementem działalności przedsiębiorstw; stanowi także motor postępu technologicznego oraz rozwoju branż, regionów i państw. Jednakże więzi, jakie nawiązywane są pomiędzy podmiotami w rzeczywistości gospodarczej nie przybierają wyłącznie formy konkurencji. Podejście to stało się szczególnie istotne w ostatnich pięćdziesięciu latach, w warunkach postępującej globalizacji, rozwoju technologii informacyjnych oraz rosnącej roli innowacji jako kluczowego czynnika sukcesu w działalności gospodarczej. Paradoksalnie wzrost natężenia rywalizacji doprowadził do wzrostu zainteresowania relacjami, w których partnerstwo przeplata się z konkurencją. Jednym z przejawów zainteresowania podmiotów gospodarczych zjawiskiem jednoczesnej kooperacji i rywalizacji, jako skutecznej postawy strategicznej, jest rozwój koncepcji klastrów. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy istnieją przesłanki pozwalające założyć, że klastry odgrywają pozytywną rolę w rozwoju branż. Przedstawione w artykule badania mają charakter badań jakościowych, wtórnych i polegają na studiach literaturowych. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiono branżę jako mezoekonomiczną jednostkę badawczą. W dalszej kolejności w rozważaniach skoncentrowano się na klastrze jako elemencie funkcjonowania branży. Następnie wskazano najważniejsze korzyści płynące z działalności klastrów. W świetle przeprowadzonych studiów literaturowych można uznać, że wpływ klastrów na branżę istnieje, jednak określenie warunków brzegowych, jakie muszą zostać spełnione, aby skutki te były realnie odczuwalne, wymaga dalszych badań.
A new biological definition of life
Authors: Tetz Victor V. , Tetz George V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHere we have proposed a new biological definition of life based on the function and reproduction of existing genes and creation of new ones, which is applicable to both unicellular and multicellular organisms. First, we coined a new term “genetic information metabolism” comprising functioning, reproduction, and creation of genes and their distribution among living and non-living carriers of genetic information. Encompassing this concept, life is defined as organized matter that provides genetic information metabolism. Additionally, we have articulated the general biological function of life as Tetz biological law: “General biological function of life is to provide genetic information metabolism” and formulated novel definition of life: “Life is an organized matter that provides genetic information metabolism”. New definition of life and Tetz biological law allow to distinguish in a new way living and non-living objects on Earth and other planets based on providing genetic information metabolism.
Reaction kinetics investigation in relation to the influence of humidity on fatigue behavior of wood lap joints
Authors: Clerc Gaspard , Lüthi Thomas , Niemz Peter , Van de Kuilen Jan Willem G. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is generally assumed that the properties of wood against fatigue are good, but little is known about the properties of adhesively bonded wood, which represents today most of the wood-based products. Lap-shear samples glued with three common wood adhesives [two ductile one-component polyurethane (1C-PUR) systems and one brittle phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive] were tested under cyclical loads at three different climates [20°C, 35% − 50% − 85% relative humidity (RH)]. For the analysis of data, an empirical model based on reaction kinetics was developed. In addition, a probabilistic model was used to estimate the endurance limit and the expected run-out lifetime. Both models were combined to accurately model fatigue at high and low relative stress intensity. It was shown that ductile 1C-PUR adhesives perform better than the brittle adhesive system under dry climates (35%–50% RH). However, for higher RH, the brittle PRF adhesive showed better performance, most probably due to a better wood-adhesive adhesion in wet climate. An average endurance limit for tensile shear stresses between 20% and 48% of the mean tensile shear strength (TSS) was estimated for the tested adhesives. It was shown that the model parameters could be linked to fundamental physical constants through the reaction kinetics approach; however, further research is needed to correlate these parameters to specimen-specific quantities.
Assessing Users’ Privacy and Security Concerns of Smart Home Technologies
Authors: Zimmermann Verena , Gerber Paul , Marky Karola , Böck Leon , Kirchbuchner Florian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Smart Home technologies have the potential to increase the quality of life, home security and facilitate elderly care. Therefore, they require access to a plethora of data about the users’ homes and private lives. Resulting security and privacy concerns form a relevant barrier to adopting this promising technology. Aiming to support end users’ informed decision-making through addressing the concerns we first conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 potential and little-experienced Smart Home users. Their diverse concerns were clustered into four themes that center around attacks on Smart Home data and devices, the perceived loss of control, the trade-off between functionality and security, and user-centric concerns as compared to concerns on a societal level. Second, we discuss measures to address the four themes from an interdisciplinary perspective. The paper concludes with recommendations for addressing user concerns and for supporting developers in designing user-centered Smart Home technologies.
Automatisierte Modellierung von akademischen Wissensdomänen als Methode zum innovativen Wissensmanagement
Authors: Kampmann Inga , Hähnlein Inka , Pirnay-Dummer Pablo 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Modellierung von akademischen Wissensdomänen, deren Wissensinhalte sich schnell verändern, ist wegen des großen Aufwandes, ständiger Anpassungen und großer Datenmengen eine Herausforderung. Dieser Artikel stellt eine Lösung für eine neue, epistemologische Domänenmodellierung vor, die auf der Theorie menschlicher mentaler Modellbildung basiert und es erlaubt, akademische Wissensdomänen abzubilden, die ständigen Veränderungen unterworfen sind. Diese neue Art der Domänenmodellierung erweitert das vorhandene technologische Spektrum der Wissensmodellierung (knowledge engineering) um eine neue Methodenklasse und schließt die bisher bestehende konzeptuelle Lücke in der Vermittlung zwischen maschineller Wissensaufbereitung und der menschlichen Nutzung. Menschliches Wissen zeichnet sich durch eine kontextabhängige Vernetzung von Informationen aus. Diese Vernetzungen sind assoziativer Natur. Entsprechend dieser grundlegenden Funktionsweise menschlichen Wissens analysiert das validierte Textanalyseprogramm T-MITOCAR (Text Model Inspection Trace of Concepts and Relations) die in Text enthaltenen semantischen Wissensstrukturen computerlinguistisch und bildet sie als Assoziationsnetze (Landkarten des Wissens) ab. Die resultierenden Wissenslandkarten ähneln in ihrem Erscheinungsbild einer Mindmap. Ziel dabei ist es, eine adäquate Re-Repräsentation menschlichen Wissens auf der Grundlage von Text bereitzustellen. Die Methoden können ebenfalls ganze Textkorpora in einem zweiten Schritt zu einer Wissensdomänenlandkarte aggregieren. Mittels dieser Technologien kann eine vollständige akademische Wissensdomäne automatisch als Wissenslandkarte abgebildet werden. Solche Wissensdomänenmodelle können von Institutionen mit schnelllebigen Wissensdomänen, wie z. B. Universitäten und Fachinformationsdiensten (FDI), als Instrumente des innovativen Wissens- und Informationsmanagements eingesetzt werden. Die Methoden ermöglichen Bibliotheken beispielsweise, aus verschiedenen Textkorpora automatisch je eine Wissenslandkarte zu generieren, diese zu vergleichen und inhaltliche Überschneidungen der zugrunde liegenden Wissensdomänen zu identifizieren. Veränderungen an der Wissensdomäne werden überblicksartig analysierbar und Literaturempfehlungen lassen sich auf der Grundlage von bereits Geschriebenen ausgeben.
Comparison of antibiotic prescriptions in adults and children with upper respiratory tract infections in Bangka Tengah primary health care centers
Authors: Novan Y. I. Pratama , Primadi Avianto , Mahfudz  , Suharjono  
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Inappropriate antibiotic therapy is accelerating the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are predominantly caused by viruses, resulting in the prescription of antibiotics to a few selected patients. Previous studies in primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Indonesia have shown a high percentage of antibiotic therapy for URTIs. This study tries to analyze the difference in profiles of antibiotic prescription in the treatment of children and adults with URTI in Bangka Tengah, Indonesia.

Methods
Random prescriptions from patients diagnosed with URTIs (sinusitis, bronchitis, common cold, and pharyngitis) from all PHCCs in Bangka Tengah were collected from January to February 2018. Prescriptions from patients with overlapping diagnoses, such as URTI with diarrhea or typhoid, were excluded.

Results
During the two months of data collection, 1348 prescriptions for adults and children with URTIs were studied. Children were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.03–1.58) times more likely to be treated with antibiotics compared to adults. Amoxicillin was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic both in children (92.3%) and adults (78.6%). Ciprofloxacin was commonly prescribed in adults (14.6%) but not in children (0.3%).

Conclusions
This study confirms the major antibiotic overuse in patients with URTI, especially in children. Owing to the fact that children are more likely to get URTI of viral origin, they receive high percentage of antibiotic therapy. These findings support the need for collaborated intervention to decrease unnecessary prescription of antibiotics in Bangka Tengah.
Food of a Chinese jumping mouse, Eozapus setchuanus (Pousargues, 1896)
Authors: Whitaker John O. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This note is the only information on food of this species. Food from the stomach was examined using a binocular dissecting microscope. Results from this analysis indicate that the food of this species is similar to that of other zapodids, consisting of several different food items, rather than to the finely ground green vegetation eaten by microtine rodents.
Some properties of pre-quasi operator ideal of type generalized Cesáro sequence space defined by weighted means
Authors: Bakery Awad A. , Mohammed Mustafa M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Let E be a generalized Cesáro sequence space defined by weighted means and by using s-numbers of operators from a Banach space X into a Banach space Y. We give the sufficient (not necessary) conditions on E such that the components

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
S_{E}(X, Y):=\Big\{T\in L(X,
Y):((s_{n}(T))_{n=0}^{\infty}\in E\Big\},
\end{array}$$
of the class SE form pre-quasi operator ideal, the class of all finite rank operators are dense in the Banach pre-quasi ideal SE, the pre-quasi operator ideal formed by the sequence of approximation numbers is strictly contained for different weights and powers, the pre-quasi Banach Operator ideal formed by the sequence of approximation numbers is small and the pre-quasi Banach operator ideal constructed by s-numbers is simple Banach space. Finally the pre-quasi operator ideal formed by the sequence of s-numbers and this sequence space is strictly contained in the class of all bounded linear operators, whose sequence of eigenvalues belongs to this sequence space.
Optimization of the Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic Detection of Skin Cancer
Authors: Zhang Long , Gao Hong Jie , Zhang Jianhua , Badami Benjamin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a branch of deep learning which have been turned into one of the popular methods in different applications, especially medical imaging. One of the significant applications in this category is to help specialists make an early detection of skin cancer in dermoscopy and can reduce mortality rate. However, there are a lot of reasons that affect system diagnosis accuracy. In recent years, the utilization of computer-aided technology for this purpose has been turned into an interesting category for scientists. In this research, a meta-heuristic optimized CNN classifier is applied for pre-trained network models for visual datasets with the purpose of classifying skin cancer images. However there are different methods about optimizing the learning step of neural networks, and there are few studies about the deep learning based neural networks and their applications. In the present work, a new approach based on whale optimization algorithm is utilized for optimizing the weight and biases in the CNN models. The new method is then compared with 10 popular classifiers on two skin cancer datasets including DermIS Digital Database Dermquest Database. Experimental results show that the use of this optimized method performs with better accuracy than other classification methods.
On ultrametric-preserving functions
Authors: Dovgoshey Oleksiy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCharacterizations of pseudoultrametric-preserving functions and semimetric-preserving functions are found. The structural properties of pseudoultrametrics which can be represented as a composition of an ultrametric and ultrametric-pseudoultrametric-preserving function are obtained. A dual form of Pongsriiam-Termwuttipong characterization of the ultrametric-preserving functions is described. We also introduce a concept ofk-separating family of functions and use it to characterize the ultrametric spaces.
The enteric nervous system: “A little brain in the gut”
Authors: Annahazi Anita , Schemann Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The gut’s own autonomous nervous system, the enteric nervous system (ENS), has fascinated scientists for more than 100 years. It functions, in the true sense of the word, autonomously, by performing complex tasks and controlling vital functions independently of extrinsic inputs. At the same time, the ENS is bombarded with signals from other cells in the gut wall and lumen and has to integrate all of these inputs. We describe the main functions of the ENS under physiological conditions and give a few examples of its role in gut diseases. The ENS has received increasing attention recently as scientists outside the field of Neurogastroenterology realize its important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s, autism and multiple sclerosis.
A Novel Evaluation Method For Particle Deposition Measurement
Authors: Song Tao , Liu Chao , Zhu Hengxuan , Zeng Min , Wang Jin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Normal operation of gas turbines will be affected by deposition on turbine blades from particles mixed in fuels. This research shows that it is difficult to monitor the mass of the particles deposition on the wall surface in real time. With development of electronic technology, the antenna made of printed circuit board (PCB) has been widely used in many industrial fields. Microstrip antenna is first proposed for monitoring particles deposition to analyse the deposition law of the particles accumulated on the wall. The simulation software Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS) 2015 is used to conduct the optimization design of the PCB substrate antenna. It is found that the S11 of vivaldi antenna with arc gradient groove exhibits a monotonous increase with the increase of dielectric layer thickness, and this antenna is highly sensitive to the dielectric layer thickness. Moreover, a cold-state test is carried out by using atomized wax to simulate the deposition of pollutants. A relationship as a four number of times function is found between the capacitance and the deposited mass. These results provide an important reference for the mass detection of the particle deposition on the wall, and this method is suitable for other related engineering fields.
Ethical food packaging and designed encounters with distant and exotic others
Authors: Machin David , Cobley Paul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere has been criticism of how Fair-Trade products represent workers in remote parts of the world where packaging offers an encounter with distant others which romanticizes and homogenizes them as a pre-modern form of ethnicity. Such workers are shown as always engaged in authentic, simple, honest decontextualized manual labor. And they are depicted as highly appreciative of, and empowered by, the act of ethical shopping. This paper shows that a close social semiotic analysis of Fair-Trade packaging reveals a different set of meanings which sit alongside the decontextualized ones. Designs integrate these workers into more contemporary kinds of modernist, rational, design chic, which communicates its own kind of honesty and authenticity. We consider how this, too, shapes how such consumers encounter distant others and its consequence for the meaning of the act of ethical shopping, where consumers can buy into moral alignment offered by products.