bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Age and Receipt Antihypertensives to Systolic Blood Pressure and Shock Index at Injury Scene and in the Emergency Department to Predict Massive Transfusion in Trauma Patients
Authors: Park Se Jin , Lee Mi Jin , Kim Changho , Jung Haewon , Kim Seong Hun , Nho Wooyoung , Seo Kang Suk , Park Jungbae , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Ahn Jae Yun , Moon Sungbae , Cho Jae Wan , Son Shin-ah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and shock index (SI) are accurate indicators of hemodynamic instability and the need for transfusion in trauma patients. We aimed to determine whether the utility and cutoff point for SBP and SI are affected by age and antihypertensives. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of a level 1 trauma center between January 2017 and December 2018. We analyzed the utility and cutoff points of SBP and SI for predicting massive transfusion (MT) and 30-day mortality according to patients’ age and whether they were taking antihypertensives. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the association of age and antihypertensives on primary and secondary outcomes. Results: We analyzed 4681 trauma cases. There were 1949 patients aged 65 years or older (41.6%), and 1375 hypertensive patients (29.4%). MT was given to 137 patients (2.9%). The 30-day mortality rate was 6.3% (n = 294). In geriatric trauma patients taking antihypertensives, a prehospital SBP less than 110 mmHg was the cutoff value for predicting MT in multivariate logistic regression analyses; packed red blood cell transfusion volume decreased abruptly based on prehospital SBP of 110 mmHg. Emergency Department SI greater than 1.0 was the cutoff value for predicting MT in patients who were older than 65 years and were not taking antihypertensives. Conclusions: The triage of trauma patients is based on the identification of clinical features readily identifiable by first responders. However, age and medications may also affect the accurate evaluation. In initial trauma management, we must apply SBP and SI differently depending on age, whether a patient is taking antihypertensives, and the time at which the indicators are measured.
Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection after distal femur fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation: a prospective single-center study
Authors: Zhang Junzhe , Li Junyong , Zhao Kuo , Meng Hongyu , Zhu Yanbin , Zhang Yingze 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: There remain limited data on the epidemiological characteristics and related predictors of surgical site infection (SSI) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for distal femur fractures (DFFs). We designed this single-centre prospective study to explore and forecast these clinical problems. Methods：From October 2014 to December 2018, 364 patients with DFFs were treated with ORIF and followed for complete data within one year. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, univariate Chi-square analyses, and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to screen the adjusted predictors of SSI. Results: The incidence of SSI was 6.0% (22/364): 2.4% (9/364) for superficial SSIs and 3.6% (13/364) for deep SSIs. Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-resistant S. aureus in 2 cases) was the most common pathogenic bacteria (36.8%，7/19). In multivariate analysis, parameters independently associated with SSI were: Open fracture (OR: 7.3, p = 0.003), drain use (OR: 4.1, p = 0.037), and incision cleanliness (OR: 3.5, p = 0.002). An albumin/globulin (A/G) level ≥ 1.35 (OR: 0.2, p = 0.042) was an adjusted protective factor for SSI. Conclusions: The SSI after ORIF affected approximately one in 15 patients with DFFs. The open fracture, drain use, high grade of intraoperative incision cleanliness, and preoperative A/G levels lower than 1.35 were significantly related to increasing the risk of post-operative SSI after DFFs. We recommended that more attentions should be paid to these risk factors during hospitalization.Trial registration: NO 2014-015-1, October /15/2014, prospectively registered.We registered our trial prospectively in October 15, 2014 before the first participant was enrolled. This study protocol was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board. The ethics committee approved the Surgical Site Infection in Orthopaedic Surgery (NO 2014-015-1). Data used in this study were obtained from the patients who underwent orthopaedic surgeries between October 2014 to December 2018.
Women University Students’ Preferences for Different Types of Sexual Relationships. Implications for Gender-Based Violence Prevention Programs and Policies
Authors: Ruiz-Eugenio Laura , Racionero-Plaza Sandra , Duque-Sanchez Elena , Puigvert-Mallart Lidia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Gender-based violence among young women is a growing problem worldwide. The consequences of this victimization have been well reported in the scientific literature, among which negative health outcomes stand out. The factors influencing this problem are many; one highlighted by research is socialization into a dominant coercive discourse that associates sexual-affective attraction to males with violent attitudes and behaviors, while in turn, such discourse empties males with egalitarian behaviors from sexual attractiveness. This coercive discourse may be shaping the sexual preferences of female youth. The current paper explores young women’s preferences for different types of sexual relationships and, more particularly, for what type of sexual affective relationships they coercively preferred men with violent attitudes and behavior. Methods: A quantitative, mixed-design vignette study was conducted with 191 college females in Spain. We focused the analysis only on responses about vignettes including narratives of men with violent attitudes and behaviors. In addition, we examined whether participants would report higher coerced preferences for violent men when asked about the coerced preferences of their female friends than when asked about their own preferences.Results: Only 28.95% of participants responded that their female friends would prefer a young man with violent behavior for a stable relationship, meanwhile 58.42% would do it for hooking up. When reporting about themselves, the difference was greater: 28.42% would prefer a young man with violent behavior for hooking up and just 5.78% for a stable relationship. Conclusions: The dominant coercive discourse that links attractiveness to people with violent attitudes and behaviors may be explaining the results obtained in this study. The findings can help eliminate the stereotype largely adopted by some intervention and prevention programs which assume that gender-based violence occurs mainly in stable relationships, considering that falling in love is the reason that lead women to suffer from violence. Our results can also support health professionals and others serving young women to enhance their identification of gender violence victimization, as well as our findings point to the need to include the evidence of gender violence in sporadic relationships in prevention programs and campaigns addressed to young women.
Multi-responses of O-methyltransferase genes to salt stress and fiber development of Gossypium species
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Gě Qún , Zhāng Qí , Lǐ Jùnwén , Gōng Jǔwǔ , Liú Ruìxián , Shí Yùzhēn , Shāng Hǎihóng , Liú Àiyīng , Iqbal Muhammad S. , Dèng Xiǎoyīng , Razzaq Abdul , Ali Muharam , Yuán Yǒulù , Wankui Gong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: O-methyltransferases (OMTs) are an important group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to their acceptor substrates. OMTs are divided into several groups according to their structural features. In Gossypium species, they are involved in phenolics and flavonoid pathways. Phenolics defend the cellulose fiber from dreadful external conditions of biotic and abiotic stresses, promoting strength and growth of plant cell wall. Results: An OMT gene family, containing a total of 192 members, has been identified and characterized in three main Gossypium species, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum and G. raimondii. Cis-regulatory elements analysis suggested important roles of OMT genes in growth, development, and defense against stresses. Transcriptome data of different fiber developmental stages in Chromosome Substitution Segment Lines (CSSLs), Recombination Inbred Lines (RILs) with excellent fiber quality, and standard genetic cotton cultivar TM-1 demonstrate that up-regulation of OMT genes at different fiber developmental stages, and abiotic stress treatments have some significant correlations with fiber quality formation, and with salt stress response. Quantitative RT-PCR results revealed that GhOMT10_Dt and GhOMT70_At genes had a specific expression in response to salt stress while GhOMT49_At, GhOMT49_Dt, and GhOMT48_At in fiber elongation and secondary cell wall stages. Conclusions: Our results indicate that O-methyltransferase genes have multi-responses to salt stress and fiber development in Gossypium species and that they may contribute to salt tolerance or fiber quality formation in Gossypium.
Relationship between Th17-mediated immunity and airway inflammation in childhood neutrophilic asthma
Authors: Wei Qing , Liao Jing , Jiang Min , Liu Jing , Liang Xiuan , Nong Guangmin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The pathogenetic mechanisms of neutrophilic asthma are not well understood now. Whether T helper (Th)17-mediated immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma in human is still under investigation. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between Th17-mediated immunity and airway inflammation in childhood neutrophilic asthma.Methods: Twenty-eight children with exacerbated asthma and without using any glucocorticoids were divided into three groups: eosinophilic asthma (EA, n=12) group, neutrophilic asthma (NA, n=10) group and paucigranulocytic asthma (PGA, n=6) group according to the induced sputum cytology. Ten healthy children were recruited as healthy control (HC, n=10) group. Peripheral Th17 and Th2 cells, and the expression of Ki-67 in peripheral Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by qRT-PCR. The concentrations of IL-17, IL-8 and IL-5 in sputum, as well as IL-17 in plasma and culture supernatant of activated PBMCs were measured by ELISA.Results: The percentage of Th17 cells in peripheral Th cells, and the concentrations of IL-17, IL-8 in sputum, as well as IL-17 in culture supernatant of activated PBMCs were all increased in NA group, and positively correlated with neutrophil level in sputum and with each other. Also, the mRNA expression of RORγt in PBMCs and Ki-67 positivity in peripheral Th17 cells were both increased in NA group. The percentage of Th2 cells in peripheral Th cells, and the concentration of IL-5 in sputum were both increased in EA group, and positively correlated with eosinophil level in sputum and with each other.Conclusions: Both Th17- and Th2-mediated immunity are involved in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. There is predominance of Th17-mediated immunity and Th17 cells proliferation in childhood neutrophilic asthma.
Clinical analysis of pain after transvaginal mesh surgery in patients with pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Shi Chang , Zhao Ying , Hu Qing , Gong Runqi , Yin Yitong , Xia Zhijun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevant factors of pain after transvaginal mesh (TVM) surgery for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse and to analyse the management and relief of the pain.Methods: A multicentre retrospective study of a clinical database of patients who underwent TVM surgery was conducted, and pain related aspects were analysed.Results: A total of 1855 patients were included in the study. We divided the patients into two groups: pain-free (1805 patients) and pain (50 patients) group. The incidence of pain after TVM surgery was 2.70%, with a median occurrence time of 7.5 months. Pain mainly involved the vagina, perineum, buttocks, groin, inner thighs, and lower abdomen. Excessive intraoperative blood loss (OR=1.284, 95%CI 0.868-2.401) and postoperative anatomic failure (OR=1.577, 95%CI 0.952-3.104) were analysed as risk factors with statistical significance. Mesh exposure rate in the pain group was 38%, showing a significant difference between the groups (P<0.01). Forty patients underwent non-surgical treatment, with a relief rate of 40.0%, 33 patients received surgical treatment, 15 underwent partial mesh removal, and 18 underwent complete mesh removal, with a relief rate of 84.8%. The total relief rate was 88% within all 50 patients suffering from pain.Conclusions: Excessive intraoperative bleeding and unsatisfactory postoperative anatomic outcomes can increase the risk of postoperative pain; mesh exposure is also associated with the pain. Most patients can get pain relief with proper management, more than half of whom may need mesh removal with differing approach.
Appropriate insertion point for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using c-arm fluoroscopy: a cadaveric study&nbsp;
Authors: Xu Wei-Xing , Ding wei-guo , Xu Bin , Hu Tian-Hong , Sheng Hong-Feng , Zhu Jia-Fu , Zhu Xiao-Long 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: We studied the characteristics and regularity of appropriate insertion points for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy. The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement and reduce the incidence of superior-level facet joint violation. Methods: Six normal spinal specimens were included. Three different methods for placing percutaneous pedicle screws in the lumbar spine were applied, including the Roy-Camille method, Magerl method and Weinstein method. The relationships among the insertion point, pedicle projection and proximal facet joint on C-arm X-ray films were studied. The projection morphology of the vertebral pedicle in different segments of the lumbar spine was observed. The relationship between the outer edge of the pedicle projection and the outer edge of the cranial articular process was also studied. The distance between the insertion point and the facet joint (M1), the distance between the insertion point and outer edge of the cranial articular process (M2), and the distance between the insertion point and the projection center of the pedicle (M) were measured. Results: In this study, we found that the projection shape of the vertebral pedicle differed across segments of the lumbar spine: the shape for L1-L3 was oval, and that for L4-L5 was round. The radiographic study showed that the outer edge of the cranial articular process was located on the lateral side of the outer edge of the pedicle projection and did not overlap with the pedicle projection. M for the Weinstein group was larger than that for the Roy-Camille group (P < 0.05). M1 for the Weinstein group was larger than that for the Roy-Camille and Magerl groups (P < 0.05). M2 for the Roy-Camille group was negative, M2 for the Magerl group was 0, and M2 for the Weinstein group was positive. Conclusion: Under C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy, we were able to accurately identify the characteristics and regularity of the appropriate insertion point for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine, which was important for improving the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement and reducing the incidence of superior-level facet joint violation.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Unilateral Laminotomy and Bilateral Decompression under 3D Real-Time Image-Guided Navigation for Spinal Stenosis in Degenerative Lumbar Kyphoscoliosis Patient: An Innovative Preliminary Study
Authors: Ho Tsung-Yu , Lin Chung-Wei , Chang Chien-Chun , Chen Hsien-Te , Chen Yen-Jen , Lo Yuan-Shun , Hsiao Pan-Hsuan , Chen Po-Chen , Lin Chih-Sheng , Tsou Hsi-Kai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to introduce a new method of percutaneous endoscopic decompression under 3D real-time image-guided navigation for spinal stenosis in degenerative kyphoscoliosis patients without instability or those who with multiple comorbidities. Decompression alone using endoscope for kyphoscoliosis patient is technical demanding and may result in unnecessary bone destruction leading to further instability. The O-arm/StealthStation system is popular for its ability to provide automated registration with intraoperative, postpositioning computed tomography (CT) which results in superior accuracy in spine surgery.Methods: In this study, we presented four cases. All patients were over seventy years old female with variable degrees of kyphoscoliosis and multiple comorbidities who could not endure major spine fusion surgery. Percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression under 3D real-time image-guided navigation were successfully performed. Patients’ demographics, image study parameters, and outcome measurements including pre- and post-operative serial Visual analog scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were well documented. The follow-up time was one year.Results: Pre- and post-operative MRI showed average dural sac cross sectional area (DSCSA) improved from 81.62 (range 67.34-89.07) to 153.27 (range 127.96-189.73). Preoperative neurological symptoms including radicular leg pain improved postoperatively. The mean ODI (%) were 85 (range 82.5-90) at initial visit, 35.875 (range 25-51) at 1 month post-operatively, 26.875 (range 22.5-35) at 6 months post-operatively and 22.5 (range 17.5-30) at 12 months post-operatively (p <0.05). The mean VAS score were 9 (range 8-10) at initial visit, 2.25 (range 2-3) at 1 month post-operatively, 1.75 (range 1-2) at 6 months post-operatively and 0.25 (range 0-1) at 12 months post-operatively (p <0.05). There was no surgery-related complication.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first preliminary study of percutaneous endoscopic laminotomy under O-arm navigation with successful outcomes. The innovative technique may serve as a promising solution in treating spinal stenosis patients with lumbar kyphoscoliosis and multiple comorbidities.
Clinical prediction score for diagnosing non-diabetic renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cohort study
Authors: Surinrat Ekkapong , Eiamsitrakoon Thanee , Krisanapan Pajaree , Chatkrailert Aphichat , Yoosabai Anake , Traitanon Opas , Tasanarong Adis , Charoenpitakchai Mongkon , Tantiyavarong Pichaya , Surinrat Ekkapong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWhen non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) is suspected, kidney biopsy is used for definite diagnosis; however, this is not always easily available and may lead to complications. A clinical prediction score may help selecting appropriate patients for kidney biopsy. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with atypical features of diabetic nephropathy (DN), who had kidney biopsy at Thammasat University Hospital from 2011-2019. We divided patients into NDRD alone, coexisting NDRD and DN, and DN alone, confirmed by pathological diagnosis. We developed a clinical prediction score by weighing coefficients of predictors in a multivariable logistic model. Internal validation was performed with bootstrapping.ResultsWe included 81 patients: 28 (34%) had NDRD alone, 15 (18%) had coexisting NDRD and DN, and 38 (41%) had DN alone. Primary membranous nephropathy, primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and secondary FSGS were prevalent in any NDRD. Absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) showed a significant association with any NDRD (OR 3.72; 95% CI, 1.28-10.8; p=0.02). The prediction score, AUC of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63-0.86), had four predictors: duration of DM <10 years, eGFR >30 ml/min/1.73m2, HbA1c <8%, and absence of DR. Higher scores were associated with higher probability of NDRD.ConclusionsThis clinical prediction score appears to be a useful tool to determine NDRD probability. T2DM patients with atypical presentation of DN with lower scores (0-2) may defer kidney biopsy.
Exploring natural allelic variations of the β-triketone herbicide resistance gene HIS1 for application in indica rice and particularly in two-line hybrid rice
Authors: Lv Qiming , Zhang Xiuli , Yuan Dingyang , Huang Zhiyuan , Peng Rui , Peng Jiming , Li Zuren , Tang Li , Liu Ducai , Zhou Xiaomao , Wang Lifeng , Pan Lang , Shao Ye , Mao Bigang , Xin Yeyun , Zhu Lihuang , Zhao Bingran , Bai Lianyang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Benzobicyclon (BBC) is a β-triketone herbicide (bTH) used in rice paddy fields. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, high crop safety, and good environmental compatibility, and shows efficacy against paddy weeds resistant to other types of herbicides. However, as some important indica rice varieties are susceptible to BBC, BBC is currently only registered and applied in japonica rice cultivation areas.Results: By analyzing haplotypes of the bTHs broad-spectrum resistance gene HIS1 and phenotypes for BBC in 493 major indica rice accessions in China, we identified a novel non-functional allelic variant of HIS1 in addition to the previously reported 28-bp deletion. Through detection with markers specific to the two non-functional mutations, it was clear that 25.4% of indica conventional varieties, 59.9% of restorers, and 15.9% of sterile lines were susceptible to BBC. In addition, due to natural allelic variations of the HIS1 gene in the sterile and restorer lines, some two-line hybrid sterile lines were sensitive to bTHs, and the corresponding restorers were resistant. We showed the potential effectiveness of using bTHs to address the issue of two-line hybrid rice seed purity stemming from the self-crossing of sterile lines during hybrid rice seed production. Finally, allelic variations of the HIS1 gene may also play an important role in the mechanized seed production of hybrid rice.Conclusions: Our findings offer guidance for the application of BBC in indica rice areas and provide a non-transgenic approach to address the seed purity issue of two-line hybrid rice.