bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy protocol in the management of high attenuation value upper ureteric stones: A randomized comparative study
Authors: Al‐Dessoukey Ahmad A , ElSheemy Mohammed S , Abdallah Mahmoud , Moussa Ayman S , Sayed Osama , Abdallah Rabie , Massoud Amr M , Abdelhamid Mohamed H , Ragheb Ahmed M , Ghoneima Waleed , Abdelbary Ahmed M , Elmarakbi Akram A 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy protocol in the management of high attenuation value upper ureteric stones compared with slow‐rate, power‐ramping shock wave lithotripsy.MethodsThis was a randomized trial enrolling patients with a single high attenuation value (≥1000 HU) upper ureteric stones between January 2019 and July 2019. Ultraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy (54 patients) was applied at a rate of 30 shock waves/min with power ramping from 6 to 18 kV for 100 shock waves, then a safety pause for 2 min, followed by ramping 18–22 kV for 100 shock waves, then a safety pause for 2 min. Then, full power (22 kV) was maintained until the end of the session. Slow‐rate, power‐ramping shock wave lithotripsy (47 patients) was applied at a rate of 60 shock waves/min with power ramping from 6 to 10 kV during the first 500 shock waves, then from 11 to 22 kV during the next 1000 shock waves, then maintained on 22 kV in the last 1500 shock waves. Up to three sessions were carried out with a follow up 3 months after the last session. The primary outcome was the stone‐free rate. Perioperative data of the two protocols were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference in preoperative data. The stone‐free rate was significantly higher in ultraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy after single (92.6% vs 23.4%) and multiple (96.3% vs 63.8%) sessions. Most complications were mild, with no significant difference between both groups (9.3% vs 12.8%; P = 0.573). Logistic regression analysis identified ultraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy protocol as the only significant independent factor for the stone‐free rate (odds ratio 12.589, P = 0.025).ConclusionUltraslow full‐power shock wave lithotripsy for high attenuation value upper ureteric stones is associated with a significantly higher stone‐free rate, and with mild complications that are comparable to those of standard shock wave lithotripsy.
Trends in Immigrant Overeducation: The Role of Supply and Demand
Authors: Hou Feng , Lu Yao , Schimmele Christoph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study asks whether recent immigrants and Canadian‐born youth have become increasingly overeducated for their jobs because of changes in the supply of university‐educated workers and demand for their human capital. Based on analyses of four Canadian censuses, the study found that over the 2001–2016 period, only about one‐half of the growth in the supply of university‐educated workers was matched with growth in jobs that required a university degree. Recent immigrants bore most of the brunt of this structural imbalance, becoming more concentrated in low‐ and medium‐skill jobs. In comparison, the prevalence of education‐occupation match of young Canadian‐born workers increased over this period. Consequently, the gap in overeducation between these population groups has widened. To address this gap, immigration policy should use a tandem process that selects immigrants based on human capital and demand‐driven criteria.
Consensus statements on the clinical usage and characteristics of aripiprazole for Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Michael M. C. , Chung Albert K. K. , Yeung Timothy M. H. , Wong David T. W. , Lee C. K. , Lai Eric , Chan Gloria F. Y. , Mak Gregory K. L. , Wong Jessica O. Y. , Ng Roger M. K. , Tam K. L. , Mak K. Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAripiprazole, a dopamine partial agonist, is a second‐generation anti‐psychotic that is widely used for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. A group of psychiatric experts in Hong Kong developed a set of consensus statements, aiming to facilitate the understanding of clinical properties and usages of aripiprazole among local physicians. Of note, because aripiprazole long‐acting injectable has been available locally not long before the establishment of the consensus panel, which limited the discussion on its use in the local context, the consensus statements were focused primarily on oral aripiprazole. To draft the consensus statements, the panellists discussed the published evidence and their clinical experience regarding aripiprazole in a series of meetings based on several areas. At the final meeting, each drafted statement was voted on anonymously by all panellists based on its practicability of recommendation in Hong Kong. A set of consensus statements on the characteristics and clinical use of aripiprazole was established and accepted by the panel. These statements serve to provide a practical reference for physicians in Hong Kong, and possibly other parts of the Asia‐Pacific region, on the use of aripiprazole in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and other psychotic problems.
Training mental health peer support training facilitators: a qualitative, participatory evaluation
Authors: Sanchez‐Moscona Cecilia , Eiroa‐Orosa Francisco José 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe facilitator’s training for peer support workers in mental health course was a recovery‐based initiative addressed to professionalize peer support in Catalonia, Spain. Our aim was to elicit participants’ motivations, significant learnings, and opinions regarding the training programme. A qualitative approach was used through content and thematic analyses of the course contents and participation narratives. The motivations to attend the course were helping others, learning, and supporting the implementation of the peer support profession. Participants learnt concepts on pedagogy, peer support, and recovery. The key resulting themes were organization and moderation; peer support’s role, skills, functions, and values; language; health system knowledge; and types of support. The course programme seems appropriate in preparing people who have lived experience of mental health problems as facilitators of future peer support training courses. The present analysis identifies the participants’ vision regarding their learning needs. It aims to serve as a guide for similar train‐the‐trainers courses.
Soya bean (Glycine max L.) evapotranspiration under unlimited and water stress conditions as affected by weather
Authors: Anda Angela , Menyhárt László , Soós Gábor , Simon Brigitta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSoya bean's growing area has increased in Hungary since the 2000s, yet few direct field‐based evapotranspiration measurements are available. Compensation evapotranspirometer was used to control two watering levels (unlimited and water stress limited to flowering) at Hungary (45°N), in a three‐season study (2017–2019). Two soya bean varieties with different water demands, Sinara and Sigalia, were analysed. During these vegetation periods, the total evapotranspiration in unlimited water level (both varieties) was above 600 mm, while water stress during flowering reduced it to about half. Water losses in the wet 2018 were slightly lower than during the dry 2017 and 2019. Correlation coefficient values between evapotranspiration and weather variables implied that water losses were controlled by available energy and relative humidity in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Using easily accessible meteorological variables, the air temperature was found to be the best estimator of evapotranspiration. Due to water stress under flowering, the seasonal mean yields varied irregularly in both varieties. Irrespective to season, the water productivity for grain showed a trend to lower values in unlimited watering compared to water stress conditions. Crop‐water response in both soya bean varieties would offer valuable information for breeders and seed distributors in identifying better varieties under mild continental climate.
Bean–soybean succession under full sun and in agroforestry systems: Impacts on radiation use efficiency, growth and yield
Authors: Sgarbossa Jaqueline , Elli Elvis Felipe , Schwerz Felipe , Nardini Claiton , Miguel Knapp Fábio , Schmidt Denise , Dal’Col Lúcio Alessandro , Caron Braulio Otomar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSimultaneous cultivation of agricultural and forest species may result in changes in plant community interactions, generating microclimatic changes within the understory and then modifying growth and yield characteristics of the intercropping systems. Thus, this study aimed to assess the radiation use efficiency, growth and yield of bean and soybean cultivated in succession under two arrangements of agroforestry and full sun. To these ends, two field experiments were conducted in Southern Brazil: bean in‐season and soybean off‐season. Absolute and relative growth rates, net assimilation rate, leaf weight ratio, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, radiation use efficiency and yield of bean and soybean were assessed. The solar radiation flux was modified by plant arrangement and tree canopy characteristics. Shading affected growth and yield characteristics and the radiation use efficiency of the studied crops. From the results obtained in this study, it is possible to recommend crop bean cultivation in agroforestry systems. However, for soybean, due to the reduced yields obtained in agroforestry systems, further research should be conducted in order to study more spaced arrangements and crop insertion in the early years of agroforestry, in order to enable its insertion in agroforestry systems in Southern Brazil.
Threshold concepts, conceptions and skills: Teachers' experiences with students' engagement in functions
Authors: Kallia Maria , Sentance Sue 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThreshold concepts have been characterised in the literature as jewels in the curriculum as they can inform teaching and learning practices. Therefore, identifying and addressing threshold concepts in any discipline is critical. The aim of the current study is to explore the existence of threshold concepts in computer programming and specifically with regard to the area of functions. Based on our previous works in which we identified 11 potential threshold concepts in functions by employing the Delphi method and seven misconceptions that students hold in this area of programming, the current study further explores computing teachers' experiences with students' engagement with 4 of the 11 concepts using an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews. The analysis revealed that from these concepts, we could argue that parameters, parameter passing and return values likely form a threshold conception and procedural decomposition is a procedural threshold (threshold skill). The study presents our framework that lead us to the identification of these thresholds in computer programming, presents the computing teachers experiences with these concepts and concludes with the implication of these results on students' learning and teaching practices in computer programming.
Further evidence that methods based on spot urine samples should not be used to examine sodium‐disease relationships from the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (November 2018 to August 2019)
Authors: Petersen Kristina S. , Malta Daniela , Rae Sarah , Dash Sarah , Webster Jacqui , McLean Rachael , Thout Sudhir Raj , Campbell Norm R. C. , Arcand JoAnne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this eighth Science of Salt outcomes review is to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary sodium and health outcomes published between November 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019, to extend this series published in the Journal since 2016. The standardized Science of Salt search strategy was conducted. Studies were screened based on a priori defined criteria to identify publications eligible for detailed critical appraisal. The search strategy resulted in 2621 citations with 27 studies on dietary sodium and health outcomes identified. Two studies met the criteria for detailed critical appraisal and commentary. We report more evidence that high sodium intake has detrimental health effects. A post hoc analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) sodium trial showed that lightheadedness occurred at a greater frequency with a high sodium DASH diet compared to a low sodium DASH diet. In addition, evidence from a post‐trial analysis of the Trials of Hypertension (TOHP) I and II cohorts showed that estimates of sodium intake from methods based on spot urine samples are inaccurate and this method alters the linearity of the sodium‐mortality association. Compared to measurement of 24‐hour sodium excretion using three to seven 24‐hour urine collections, estimation of average 24‐hour sodium excretion with the Kawasaki equation appeared to change the mortality association from linear to J‐shaped. Only two high‐quality studies were identified during the review period, both were secondary analyses of previously conducted trials, highlighting the lack of new methodologically sound studies examining sodium and health outcomes.
Administration of glycyrrhetinic acid reinforces therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosome against acute liver ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Wei Xiaolin , Zheng Wenjing , Tian Peikai , Liu Hui , He Yong , Peng Minjie , Liu Xiangde , Li Xiaowu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosome could attenuate ischaemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury by suppressing inflammatory response in the liver. Glycyrrhetinic acid was also shown to be capable of repressing the TLR4 signalling pathway. However, it remains to be explored as whether the combined administration of mesenchyma stem cell (MSC)‐derived exosome and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) could increase their therapeutic effects on I/R injury. Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of proteins associated with inflammatory response in THP‐1 cells and I/R rat models treated under different conditions. Flow cytometry was carried out to analyse the proportions of different subtypes of peripheral blood cells in I/R rats. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured to assess the liver injury in I/R rats. Combined treatment with MSC‐derived exosome and GA effectively maintained the expression of key proteins involved in inflammatory response in LPS stimulated THP‐1 cells and THP‐1 cells treated under hypoxia conditions. In the established of I/R rat models, GA administration reinforced the therapeutic efficiency of MSC‐derived exosomes by maintaining the proportion of different subgroups of peripheral blood cells, decreasing the concentration of ALT and AST, and restoring the expression of dysregulated proteins associated with inflammation. Our results demonstrated that treatment with exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) attenuated liver I/R injury, while the pre‐treatment with GA may further promote the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosome against acute liver ischaemia‐reperfusion injury.
Substance P enhances the therapeutic effect of MSCs by modulating their angiogenic potential
Authors: Hong Hyun Sook , Kim Suna , Jin Yinji , Son Youngsook 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy acts through multiple differentiations in damaged tissue or via secretion of paracrine factors, as demonstrated in various inflammatory and ischaemic diseases. However, long‐term ex vivo culture to obtain a sufficient number of cells in MSC transplantation leads to cellular senescence, deficiency of the paracrine potential, and loss of survival rate post‐transplantation. In this study, we evaluated whether supplementation of MSCs with substance P (SP) can improve their therapeutic potential. SP treatment elevated the secretion of paracrine/angiogenic factors, including VEGF, SDF‐1a and PDGF‐BB, from late passage MSCs in vitro. MSCs supplemented with SP accelerated epidermal/dermal regeneration and neovascularization and suppressed inflammation in vivo, compared to MSCs transplanted alone. Importantly, supplementation with SP enabled the incorporation of transplanted human MSCs into the host vasculature as pericytes via PDGF signalling, leading to the direct engagement of transplanted cells in compact vasculature formation. Our results showed that SP is capable of restoring the cellular potential of senescent stem cells, possibly by modulating the generation of paracrine factors from MSCs, which might accelerate MSC‐mediated tissue repair. Thus, SP is anticipated to be a potential beneficial agent in MSC therapy for inflammatory or ischaemic diseases and cutaneous wounds.
RACO‐1 modulates Hippo signalling in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pang Dan , Wang Weilong , Zhou Xiaofeng , Lu Kui , Zhang Jinghang , Chen Zhiguo , Wang Lingchao , Shen Fangfang , Chen Zhen , Wang Sujie , Hou Jinghan , Zhang Aijia , Lv Benjie , Gao Can , Yan Ziyi , Hu Yuhan , Chang Tingmin , Wang Lidong , Li Xiumin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOesophageal cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, whereas the 5‐year survival is less than 20%. Although the detailed carcinogenic mechanisms are not totally clear, recent genomic sequencing data showed dysregulation of Hippo signalling could be a critical factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. Therefore, understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control Hippo signalling activity is of great importance to improve ESCC diagnostics and therapeutics. Our current study revealed RACO‐1 as an inhibitory protein for YAP/TEAD axis. Depletion of RACO‐1 increases the protein level of YAP and expression of YAP/TEAD target gene. Besides, RACO‐1 silencing could promote ESCC cell invasion and migration, which effect could be rescued by YAP depletion in ESCC cells. Immunoprecipitation showed that RACO‐1 associated with YAP and promote ubiquitination and degradation of YAP at k48 poly‐ubiquitination site. Our research discovered a new regulator of Hippo signalling via modulating YAP stability. RACO‐1 could be a promising factor, which serves cancer diagnostics and therapeutics in ESCC patients.
Mutations in the notch signalling pathway are associated with enhanced anti‐tumour immunity in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Fei , Long Jie , Li Liang , Zhao Zhi‐bin , Wei Fang , Yao Yuan , Qiu Wen‐Jing , Wu Zi‐Xin , Luo Qing‐Qing , Liu Wei , Quan Yi‐Bo , Lian Zhe‐Xiong , Cao Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Notch signalling pathway is involved in the development of several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether mutations in this pathway could alter the CRC immunophenotype remains unknown. Here, we investigated the relationship between Notch signalling pathway mutations and the tumour immune microenvironment by analysing gene expression data from the GSE108989 single T cell RNA sequencing data set and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set. We found that Notch signalling pathway mutations were associated with an increased number of tumour‐specific CD8+ T cells and decreased number of inhibitory regulatory T (Treg) cells, representing an enhanced anti‐tumour response in the GSE108989 data set. In TCGA data set, we also found that Notch signalling pathway mutations were associated with enrichment of genes associated with immune activation pathways and higher expressions of PDCD1, GZMB and PRF1. Although Notch signalling pathway mutations did not affect the overall survival and disease‐free survival of CRC patients, they were associated with earlier disease stages and lower rates of metastasis. These results demonstrated that Notch signalling pathway mutations can enhance anti‐tumour immunity in CRC, as validated by the two data sets, suggesting that they may be promising biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade therapies for CRC patients.
Annual Research Review: Prevention of psychosis in adolescents – systematic review and meta‐analysis of advances in detection, prognosis and intervention
Authors: Catalan Ana , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Vaquerizo Serrano Julio , Mosillo Pierluca , Baldwin Helen , Fernández‐Rivas Aranzazu , Moreno Carmen , Arango Celso , Correll Christoph U. , Bonoldi Ilaria , Fusar‐Poli Paolo 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe clinical high‐risk state for psychosis (CHR‐P) paradigm has facilitated the implementation of psychosis prevention into clinical practice; however, advancements in adolescent CHR‐P populations are less established.MethodsWe performed a PRISMA/MOOSE‐compliant systematic review of the Web of Science database, from inception until 7 October 2019, to identify original studies conducted in CHR‐P children and adolescents (mean age <18 years). Findings were systematically appraised around core themes: detection, prognosis and intervention. We performed meta‐analyses (employing Q statistics and I
2 test) regarding the proportion of CHR‐P subgroups, the prevalence of baseline comorbid mental disorders, the risk of psychosis onset and the type of interventions received at baseline. Quality assessment and publication bias were also analysed.ResultsEighty‐seven articles were included (n = 4,667 CHR‐P individuals). Quality of studies ranged from 3.5 to 8 (median 5.5) on a modified Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Detection: Individuals were aged 15.6 ± 1.2 years (51.5% males), mostly (83%) presenting with attenuated positive psychotic symptoms. CHR‐P psychometric accuracy improved when caregivers served as additional informants. Comorbid mood (46.4%) and anxiety (31.4%) disorders were highly prevalent. Functioning and cognition were impaired. Neurobiological studies were inconclusive. Prognosis: Risk for psychosis was 10.4% (95%CI: 5.8%–18.1%) at 6 months, 20% (95%CI: 15%–26%) at 12 months, 23% (95%CI: 18%–29%) at 24 months and 23.3% (95%CI: 17.3%–30.7%) at ≥36 months. Interventions: There was not enough evidence to recommend one specific treatment (including cognitive behavioural therapy) over the others (including control conditions) to prevent the transition to psychosis in this population. Randomised controlled trials suggested that family interventions, cognitive remediation and fish oil supplementation may improve cognition, symptoms and functioning. At baseline, 30% of CHR‐P adolescents were prescribed antipsychotics and 60% received psychotherapy.ConclusionsIt is possible to detect and formulate a group‐level prognosis in adolescents at risk for psychosis. Future interventional research is required.