bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widow’s perception of their marital relationship and its influence on their restoration‐oriented everyday occupations in the first six months after the death of the spouse: A thematic analysis
Authors: Batista Marina Picazzio Perez , Rebelo José Eduardo , de Carvalho Ricardo Tavares , de Almeida Maria Helena Morgani , Lancman Selma 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionThe death of a spouse greatly affects the survivor’s emotions and may change one’s everyday occupations, especially during recent bereavement. Considering the centrality of everyday occupations to occupational therapy practice, this research aimed to understand women’s restoration‐oriented everyday occupations within the first six months after the death of their spouse.MethodsThis was a qualitative thematic analysis that applied a realistic method and a theoretical approach at the semantic level. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted to understand the everyday occupations of widows after their husbands’ deaths, emphasising those that were restoration‐oriented, according to the dual process model of coping with bereavement framework. The analysis was conducted according to the phases expected to be conducted during a thematic analysis.ResultsFourteen widows with long‐term marital relationships participated in this research. Their perceptions concerning their relationships with their spouses were an important aspect that influenced their everyday occupations. Women who qualitatively described their marital relationships in terms of attributes grouped by the researcher as lost and lonely also mentioned difficulty managing previously habitual occupations and changes in the meanings assigned to some of those occupations. These women mobilised unique strategies to address suffering and occupational changes during bereavement. Women who qualitatively described their relationships with attributes grouped by the researcher as free at last felt freedom after their husbands’ deaths, which, according to the widows, brought happiness and feelings of peace and enabled them to engage in freely chosen occupations and to broaden their social networks.ConclusionEveryday occupations and their meanings can considerably change during widowhood. This study contributes to comprehending the uniqueness of responses to loss.
A single Thaumarchaeon drives nitrification in deep oligotrophic Lake Constance
Authors: Herber Janina , Klotz Franziska , Frommeyer Benjamin , Weis Severin , Straile Dietmar , Kolar Allison , Sikorski Johannes , Egert Markus , Dannenmann Michael , Pester Michael 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAmmonia released during organic matter mineralization is converted during nitrification to nitrate. We followed spatiotemporal dynamics of the nitrifying microbial community in deep oligotrophic Lake Constance. Depth‐dependent decrease of total ammonium (0.01–0.84 μM) indicated the hypolimnion as the major place of nitrification with 15N‐isotope dilution measurements indicating a threefold daily turnover of hypolimnetic total ammonium. This was mirrored by a strong increase of ammonia‐oxidizing Thaumarchaeota towards the hypolimnion (13%–21% of bacterioplankton) throughout spring to autumn as revealed by amplicon sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria were typically two orders of magnitude less abundant and completely ammonia‐oxidizing (comammox) bacteria were not detected. Both, 16S rRNA gene and amoA (encoding ammonia monooxygenase subunit B) analyses identified only one major species‐level operational taxonomic unit (OTU) of Thaumarchaeota (99% of all ammonia oxidizers in the hypolimnion), which was affiliated to Nitrosopumilus spp. The relative abundance distribution of the single Thaumarchaeon strongly correlated to an equally abundant Chloroflexi clade CL500‐11 OTU and a Nitrospira OTU that was one order of magnitude less abundant. The latter dominated among recognized nitrite oxidizers. This extremely low diversity of nitrifiers shows how vulnerable the ecosystem process of nitrification may be in Lake Constance as Central Europe's third largest lake.
The infidelity of place: medical simulation labs and disjunctures in pedagogical places
Authors: Bartram Robin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSimulations are increasingly integral to scientific and social knowledge making. While a number of social scientists study simulation, extant literature is yet to fully investigate how simulated settings are different from and similar to other scientific places. I draw on scholarship on the importance of place within knowledge making in order to study two medical simulation labs and ask what role place plays in these simulated settings. I show that effective pedagogical simulations ironically depend upon departures from ‘real’ places of medical and scientific knowledge production. I highlight the importance of divergences in the sequence of events and scripts, in the behaviour of the manikins and actors, and in the materiality and arrangement of the settings. For medical and nursing students, it is the very disjunctures between the simulated environment and the hospital environment – the infidelity of place – that allows learning to happen. Overall, this article offers an exploratory investigation into the mechanisms at work in pedagogical places of medical simulation and qualifies understandings of the relationship between place and knowledge production.
‘Well, I knew this already’ – explaining personal genetic risk information through narrative meaning‐making
Authors: Snell Karoliina , Helén Ilpo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article presents results from a Finnish focus group's study conducted among participants of a project called GeneRISK, in which the participants received a personal risk score for having a cardiovascular event based on genetic analysis, lifestyle and laboratory results. In the discussions, interpretations of the genetic risk score and its meaning were incorporated into personal narratives of health and illness. We argue that instead of serving as an explanation for health and illness, which can help guide people's lives and choices, the genetic risk information became an object of explanation. Therefore, the risk information did not create new conceptions of personal risk, nor did it generate enough power to push people to change their lifestyles. Instead, the risk information was used to strengthen the existing impression of personal risk and the narrative of personal health and illness.
The Effect of Temperature and Exposure Time on Stability of Cholesterol and Squalene in Latent Fingermarks Deposited on PVDF Membrane
Authors: Kim Youngmin , Choi Won‐sil , Jeon Byoungjun , Choi Tae Hyun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCholesterol and squalene are fatty materials of latent fingermarks that can be utilized for dating methodologies and visualization techniques. Previous studies have suggested these compounds undergo degradation in fingermarks as a function of time (days) and light at ambient temperature. However, studies assessing how their composition changes at low and high temperatures over short periods of time (hours) have not been published previously. Here, we performed quantitative analysis of cholesterol and squalene in natural fingermark residue using PVDF membrane, after exposure to a range of temperatures (−20 to 100°C) for 4 and 8 h. We found that levels of both fatty materials remained constant at −20 to 60°C, but both showed significant reduction at 100°C, over short exposure times. These results indicate that cholesterol and squalene are detectable at −20 to 60°C, whereas at 100°C or higher, both are lost due to rapid thermal degradation.
DNA Recovery From Tape‐Lifting Kits: Methodology and Practice
Authors: Zorbo Sabrina , Jeuniaux Patrick P. J. M. H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the case of suspicious deaths, the technique of 1:1 taping is often used in Belgium. It consists of affixing a large number of adhesive tapes to the body of the victim. It is conventionally aimed at obtaining microtraces (e.g., fibers, hair) and is usually not used for DNA analysis. However, in some cases, DNA analysis of certain areas of interest identified on the 1:1 taping material can offer a last resort solution. The four‐step method that is described in this article involves the selection of areas of interest on the body (Step 1), the selection of the corresponding tapes (Step 2), the decontamination of the tapes (Step 3), the selection of areas of interest on the tapes, for DNA sampling (Step 4). The method is illustrated by its successful application in four murder cases. In each case, DNA profiles of good quality could be identified, including profiles of persons different from the victim.
Letter: role of mean platelet volume levels in the prediction of major acute cardiovascular events in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Liu Ying‐Ying , Zhang Wei‐Yun , Zeng Da‐Xiong 
Published: October 2019

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Abeles et al and Mullish et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15192 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15531.
Pharmacokinetics and phenotyping properties of the Basel phenotyping cocktail combination capsule in healthy male adults
Authors: Suenderhauf Claudia , Berger Benjamin , Puchkov Maxim , Schmid Yasmin , Müller Sabine , Huwyler Jörg , Haschke Manuel , Krähenbühl Stephan , Duthaler Urs 
Published: October 2019

AimsWe compared the phenotyping metrics of a combination capsule formulation to its individual components of the newly composed Basel phenotyping cocktail. Moreover, we investigated a reduced sampling regimen for clinical applications.MethodsWe performed in vitro experiments and a crossover pharmacokinetic study in twelve healthy male subjects to compare the Basel phenotyping cocktail capsule containing 6 cytochrome P450 (CYP) probe drugs with individual administration of the same drugs. Parent compounds and selected metabolites were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolic ratios (MR) for are under the curve (AUC) and single time point measurements and their correlation were determined.ResultsExperiments with human liver microsomes and primary human hepatocytes in 3D co‐culture confirmed that flurbiprofen is a suitable CYP2C9 substrate. Both cocktail formulations (capsule and individual probe drug administration) were well‐tolerated and yielded reproducible MRs, which were almost identical. Correlations between single time point ratios and the corresponding AUC ratios depended on the sampling time point and the concentration time curve of the probe drugs. The MR of the capsule (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Rs: 0.77–0.97) as well as the individual components (Rs: 0.69–0.99) correlated best at 6 h post‐treatment considering all 6 CYPs. Moreover, the 2‐h time points of the capsule agreed suitably with the AUC; however, the MR of omeprazole could not be determined for 10 out of 12 subjects.ConclusionThe capsule is easy to swallow, well tolerated and provides reliable estimates for CYP activity. The optimal sampling point for the capsule formulation is 6 h after intake.
A new approach to molecular biosurveillance of invasive species using DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Westfall Kristen Marie , Therriault Thomas W. , Abbott Cathryn L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNon‐indigenous species (NIS) reach every corner of the world, at times wreaking havoc on ecosystems and costing the global economy billions of dollars. A rapid and accurate biosurveillance tool tailored to a particular biogeographic region is needed to detect NIS when they are first introduced into an area as traditional detection methods are expensive and require specialized expertise. Metabarcoding of environmental and community DNA meets those biosurveillance requirements; a novel tool tailored to the Northwest Pacific Ocean is presented here using an approach that could revolutionize early detection of NIS. Eight newly designed genetic markers for multiple gene regions were implemented to meet the stringent taxonomic requirements for the detection of NIS across four major marine phyla. The tool was considered highly successful because it identified 12 known NIS in the study area and a further seven species representing potential new records. Overall community composition detected here was statistically different between substrate types; zooplankton sampling accounted for significantly higher species richness than filtered sea water in most cases, but this was dominated by mollusk and arthropod species. Both substrate types sampled were required to identify the wide taxonomic breadth of known NIS in the study area. Intensive sampling is known to be paramount for the detection of rare species, including new incursions of NIS, thus it is recommended to include diverse DNA sampling protocols based on species’ life‐history characteristics for broad detection capacity. Application of a metabarcoding‐based molecular biosurveillance tool optimized for biogeographic regions enables rapid and accurate early detection across a wide taxonomic range to allow quick implementation of eradication or control efforts and potentially mitigate some of the devastating effects of NIS worldwide.
Climate change decreases the cooling effect from postfire albedo in boreal North America
Authors: Potter Stefano , Solvik Kylen , Erb Angela , Goetz Scott J. , Johnstone Jill F. , Mack Michelle C. , Randerson James T. , Román Miguel O. , Schaaf Crystal L. , Turetsky Merritt R. , Veraverbeke Sander , Walker Xanthe J. , Wang Zhuosen , Massey Richard , Rogers Brendan M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFire is a primary disturbance in boreal forests and generates both positive and negative climate forcings. The influence of fire on surface albedo is a predominantly negative forcing in boreal forests, and one of the strongest overall, due to increased snow exposure in the winter and spring months. Albedo forcings are spatially and temporally heterogeneous and depend on a variety of factors related to soils, topography, climate, land cover/vegetation type, successional dynamics, time since fire, season, and fire severity. However, how these variables interact to influence albedo is not well understood, and quantifying these relationships and predicting postfire albedo becomes increasingly important as the climate changes and management frameworks evolve to consider climate impacts. Here we developed a MODIS‐derived ‘blue sky’ albedo product and a novel machine learning modeling framework to predict fire‐driven changes in albedo under historical and future climate scenarios across boreal North America. Converted to radiative forcing (RF), we estimated that fires generate an annual mean cooling of −1.77 ± 1.35 W/m2 from albedo under historical climate conditions (1971–2000) integrated over 70 years postfire. Increasing postfire albedo along a south–north climatic gradient was offset by a nearly opposite gradient in solar insolation, such that large‐scale spatial patterns in RF were minimal. Our models suggest that climate change will lead to decreases in mean annual postfire albedo, and hence a decreasing strength of the negative RF, a trend dominated by decreased snow cover in spring months. Considering the range of future climate scenarios and model uncertainties, we estimate that for fires burning in the current era (2016) the cooling effect from long‐term postfire albedo will be reduced by 15%–28% due to climate change.
The UN Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration: Its Impact on Asia
Authors: Khadria Binod , Thakur Narender , Nicolas Imelda , Lee Takgon , Yang Jigmin , Jang Ychen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article focuses on the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM), a landmark international document that builds on the momentum of a decade of initiatives at the international level on migration governance, and its impact on Asia from the perspective of South Asia, Southeast Asia, China, and South Korea. While none of these countries voted against the adoption of the GCM, there are significant differences in how individual countries approached the commitments made in the GCM. These perspectives were articulated in a webinar hosted by Metropolis Asia on 20 June 2018 and in governmental statements made at the UN international conference when the GCM was adopted. This article also discusses the challenges confronting the implementation of the GCM. While the Compact resulted from inclusive and intensive negotiations and many compromises, the road towards realizing its goals will be at least as challenging as the road that led to its adoption. In spite of these challenges, the GCM is a ground‐breaking representation of the first multilateral framework for migration governance. Its success rests upon the recognition that addressing the challenges and maximizing the benefits of migration require true international cooperation, renewed commitment and meaningful action on the commitments agreed to.
Long non‐coding RNA TNRC6C‐AS1 promotes methylation of STK4 to inhibit thyroid carcinoma cell apoptosis and autophagy via Hippo signalling pathway
Authors: Peng Xinzhi , Ji Chengcheng , Tan Langping , Lin Shaojian , Zhu Yue , Long Miaoyun , Luo Dingyuan , Li Honghao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe role of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in thyroid carcinoma (TC), the most frequent endocrine malignancy, has been extensively examined. This study investigated effect of interaction among lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1, serine/threonine‐protein kinase 4 (STK4) and Hippo signalling pathway on TC. Initially, lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 expression in TC tissues was detected. To explore roles of lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1, STK4 and Hippo signalling pathway in TC progression, their expressions were altered. Interaction between lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 and STK4, STK4 promoter methylation, or Hippo signalling pathway was verified. After that, a series of experiments were employed to evaluate in vitro ability of apoptosis, proliferation and autophagy of TC cells and in vivo tumorigenicity, and tumour growth of TC cells. lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 was highly expressed while STK4 was poorly expressed in TC tissues. LncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 promoted the STK4 methylation and down‐regulated STK4 expression, which further activated the Hippo signalling pathway. STK4 silencing was observed to promote the proliferation ability of TC cells, inhibit the apoptosis and autophagy abilities, as well as enhance the tumorigenicity and tumour growth. Moreover, the in vitro proliferation ability as well as the in vivo tumorigenicity and tumour growth of TC cells were inhibited after the blockade of Hippo signalling pathway, while the apoptosis and autophagy abilities were promoted. The results demonstrate that the lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 increases STK4 promoter methylation to down‐regulate STK4 expression, thereby promoting the development of TC through activation of Hippo signalling pathway. It highlights that lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of TC.
Development of cooling system assisted grinding mechanism for spices
Authors: Shelake Pramod S. , Dabhi Mukesh N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGrinding is a vital step in the postharvest processing of spices, therefore requires special attention to preserve the aroma and flavor compounds present in them. During grinding, the overall temperature increases significantly which results in loss of a considerable fraction of their volatile oil or flavoring components in spices. This problem can be addressed by maintaining the continuous low temperature within the mill thereby retaining most of the flavor strength per unit mass of spice. During development of low‐temperature grinding mill, firstly design of cooling coil (evaporator) was done by considering the dimension of grinding chamber. It was fixed on the grinding chamber and then refrigeration load was calculated. On the basis of this refrigeration load, refrigerant and compressor were selected; while capillary tube and condenser were designed.Practical applicationsThe developed low‐temperature grinding mill is very efficient in reducing the rate of increase in temperature inside the mill (grinding chamber). This helps in retaining the essential components of the food products in terms of nutrition, flavor, and aroma.
Statistical process control for industrial baking process of smoked CALABRESE‐type sausage
Authors: de Oliveira Silva Milena , de Jesus Soares Alexandre Batista , Mazutti Marcio A. , Dalla Rosa Clarissa , Alvarado Soares Mónica Beatriz 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStatistical process control (SPC) was implemented in an industrial baking process of smoked Calabrese‐type sausage, a step that influences the final quality of the product. Data from the cooking process were collected to evaluate the stability of the process. The parameters such as air speed, smoke speed, temperature profile inside the smoker, and the internal temperature of the product were evaluated. The thermophysical properties (conductivity, resistance, and thermal diffusivity) of the sausage were also determined. The generation of control charts and process capability analysis showed that the parameter of weight losses is not under control. The results for the thermophysical properties, weight losses between the smoker, internal temperature variation of the smoker, and the air speed of the smoke inside the oven did not show a significant difference (p > .05) during the cooking process. However, a significant difference was observed in the steam pressure of the smoker. Through the actions directed by the SPC, it was possible to notice a reduction of 0.27% in the variability of the process.Practical ApplicationsSPC is a tool developed to assist in efficient quality control and provides information for process validation, to check critical control points and diagnose possible deviations at all stages of the process, as well as to indicate the possible sources of these variations of quality, making possible corrections and interactions with the process. The research presents the process capability analysis for the industrial cooking step of Calabrese‐type smoked sausage, using the variable weight loss as control parameter, for the standardization and process control in obtaining standardized and good quality products. After the corrective actions indicated by the SPC, the variability of the process was reduced, improving the characteristics of the final product.