bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New ultrafiltration (UF) membrane made with a new polymer material for long-lasting rejection performance, Neophil®
Authors: Lorain Olivier , Marcellino Sébastien , Deratani André , Gassara Sana , Duchemin Isabelle , Espenan Jean-Michel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of a new membrane, named Neophil®, with durable performance using a new amphiphilic nanostructured dibloc-copolymer (BCP) composed of one hydrophilic bloc and one hydrophobic bloc which is anchored deeply and permanently in the polymer matrix (PVDF, Kynar resin Arkema) of the membrane. Compared to conventional membranes, particle rejections (suspended solids, microplastics, bacteria and viruses) have been shown to be maintained through accelerated ageing experiments. In this paper, this new membrane technology is described and its durability is demonstrated and compared with other membranes of the market.
Robust model predictive control for a small reverse osmosis desalination unit subject to uncertainty and actuator fault
Authors: Kargar Seyed Mohamad , Mehrad Reza 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Actuator faults are inevitable in small reverse osmosis desalination plants. They may cause energy losses and reduce the quality of the freshwater, which may endanger human life. Model predictive control (MPC) is a model-based approach widely used to control process systems such as reverse osmosis, while considering a set of constraints. In this paper, three methods of predictive model controllers are considered for the control of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) reverse osmosis desalination system in the presence of noise, model mismatch, and actuator fault. Formulation of enhanced constrained receding horizon predictive control via bounded data uncertainties (CRHPC-BDU) are extended for linear time-invariant MIMO systems. Permeate flow rate and conductivity of the water produced are controlled by a retentate valve and a bypass valve, respectively. The simulation results show the robustness of the suggested approach in the presence of both noise and uncertainties. CRHPC-BDU has a better performance subject to systems with model uncertainty and actuator fault up to a reasonable limit. By increasing the actuator fault up to 34%, the robustness of CRHPC-BDU is further highlighted in permeate conductivity, where the fluctuations of permeate conductivity dampen sooner than in the other two controllers.
Computer-Aided Design of a Novel Poly-Epitope Protein in Fusion with an Adjuvant as a Vaccine Candidate Against Leptospirosis
Authors: Rashidian Ehsan , Forouharmehr Ali , Nazifi Narges , Jaydari Amin , Shams Nemat 
Published: March 2020

Background:Leptospirosis is a prevalent zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira interrogans bacterium. Despite the importance of this disease, traditional strategies including attenuated and inactivated vaccines have not been able to prevent leptospirosis.Objective:Hence, this study was designed to develop a novel poly-epitope fusion protein vaccine against Leptospirosis.Methods:To do so, the best epitopes of OmpA, LipL45, OmpL1, LipL41 and LipL21 proteins were predicted. Then, the best-predicted epitopes were applied to assemble IFN-γ, MHC I binding, B cell and MHC II binding fragments, and heparin-binding hemagglutinin adhesion was used as a molecular adjuvant. After designing the vaccine, the most important features of it, including physicochemical parameters, protein structures and protein-protein interaction, were evaluated. Finally, the nucleotide sequence of the designed vaccine was used for codon adaptation.Results:The results showed that the designed vaccine was a stable protein with antigenicity of 0.913, which could dock to its receptor. The results also suggested that the nucleotide sequence of the designed vaccine could be expressed in the prokaryotic system.Conclusion:Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the vaccine can be a promising candidate to control Leptospirosis.
Development of Lipid-Drug Conjugate Nanoparticles for Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Drug: A Comparative Ex vivo Gut and Caco-2 Cell Permeability Study
Authors: Kumbhar Popat Sonappa , Manjappa Arehalli Sidramappa , Shete Abhijeet Dilip , Disouza John Intru 
Published: March 2020

Background:
The lipid-drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs), amongst other lipidbased
nanoparticles, are the most accepted ones for the oral delivery of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
drugs with poor bioavailability. Besides, the LDC NPs show altered physicochemical properties
of the drug and have the potential applications in targeting the drug to a specific organ.

Objective:
To synthesize hydrophilic Valacyclovir (VACV)-stearic acid (SA) and lipophilic Acyclovir
(ACV)-stearic acid conjugates (VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC), and develop their nanoparticles
(VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs) for improved intestinal permeability.

Methods:
Both VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC were synthesized and confirmed using FTIR, NMR, and
DSC techniques and characterized for assay. The lipid drug conjugate nanoparticles (LDC NPs) were
prepared using cold high-pressure homogenization technique and characterized for drug content,
mean particle size, zeta potential, ex vivo gut permeability using rat gut sac model, and Caco-2 cell
permeability.

Results:
The FTIR, NMR, and DSC results confirmed the successful synthesis of LDCs. The assay
of VACV-SAC and ACV-SAC was found to be 51.48±5.6% and 41.2±6.2%, respectively. The
VACV-LDC-NPs and ACV-LDC-NPs showed %EE of 99.10±6.71% and 86.84±5.32%, the mean
particle size of 338.7±8nm and 251.3±7nm and zeta potential of -10.8±2.31mV and -11.2±3.52mV
respectively. About 91±5.2% of VACV and 84±6.5% of ACV were found permeated across the rat
intestine after 480 minutes from their respective NPs. Furthermore, VACV-LDC-NPs and ACVLDC-
NPs displayed a significantly higher permeability coefficient (61.5×10-6 and 59.8×10-6 cm/s,
respectively) than their plain solutions.

Conclusion:
The obtained remarkable permeability characteristics indicate developed LDC NPs are
the potential, promising and translational approaches for effective oral delivery of poorly bioavailable
hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Furthermore, this approach may result in moderately to
significantly enhanced oral bioavailability of hydrophilic drugs as the conjugation results in amphiphilic
molecules, which are further absorbed through different mechanisms across the intestinal
mucosa (mainly through passive diffusion mechanism).
Rheological Analysis of CNT Suspended Nanofluid with Convective Boundary Condition Using Spectral Method
Authors: Karmakar Soumyodipta , Mpendulo Magagula V. , Mondal Sabyasachi 
Published: March 2020

Background:
In this paper, we have discussed the rheological analysis of the twodimensional
stagnation-point flow of carbon nanotubes towards a stretching sheet with water as a
base nanofluid with convective boundary conditions based on the advantages of nanofluid flows in
CNT.

Methods:
Our main focus is to study on the rheological analysis of CNT suspended nanofluid with
convective boundary condition using spectral method. Here, similarity transformations are used to
transform the governing boundary layer equations.

Results:
The resulting nonlinear coupled equations with the relevant boundary conditions are
solved numerically using recently developed Spectral Quasilinearization Method (SQLM).

Conclusion:
The influence of the flow parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and
concentration profiles along with skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are depicted
and described in forms of graphs and tables.
Structural Simulation and Strength Analysis for Trailer Bogie Frame of High-Speed Train Based on CATIA and ANSYS Workbench
Authors: Wang Junguo , Ren Minqiang , Sun Rui , Yang Yang , Zhao Yongxiang 
Published: March 2020

Background:
As a key component of the rail transit vehicle, the railway bogie greatly affects
the dynamic performance, reliability, and safety of the high-speed rail vehicle. In this paper, the
structural strength of a typical trailer bogie frame is evaluated and its strength and dynamic requirements
are verified. In addition, various patents on bogie structural strength have also been discussed
in this paper.

Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate and verify the rationality of the bogie frame structure design
with static strength and dynamic characteristics.

Methods:
A three-dimensional model of the trailer bogie frame was built by CATIA V5, and then, a
finite element model of the frame was analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. Bogie frame loads, static
strengths and dynamic characteristics of the frame under different conditions (straight, curve, braking
and abnormal) were calculated based on its strength and design standards.

Results:
According to the requirement stress and dynamics standard, the maximum stress of the
bogie frame was observed to be in the allowable stress value of the frame material, and the dynamic
performance of the bogie model meets the design standards.

Conclusion:
The structural strength of the proposed bogie frame is reasonable, and the static
strength and dynamic characteristics of the proposed bogie model are in accordance with the design
requirements of the railway vehicle.
THE PROFILE OF PRIMARY ENGLISH TEACHERS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Diyanti B. Yuniar , Nurhayati Lusi , Supriyanti Nury 
Published: March 2020

After the implementation of the 2013 national curriculum which excludes English from the primary school, many primary schools in Indonesia keep offering English to the students despite the uncertainty of the status of English for the primary school. However, the state of the practice of English currently in primary schools is barely unknown. This study is an attempt to portray the teachers that strive to teach English in the primary schools in one of the regencies that are still implementing English education. This survey study involved 44 randomly selected Primary English teachers (PETs) in the regency. The research instrument was a set of online (google format) and offline questionnaires. Results show that the majority of the teachers have English teaching qualification, however only very few ever attended pre-service or in-service training for teachers of young learners. The teachers also deal with employment uncertainty as primary English has no formal legal government policy. The findings bring about the issue of gaps and opportunities for professional developments of PETs and inequality in professional supports for PETs. Keywords: English for young learners (EYL), primary English, primary English teacher (PET) PROFIL GURU BAHASA INGGRIS SEKOLAH DASAR DI INDONESIA AbstrakSetelah penerapan Kurikulum 2013 yang tidak mengikutsertakan bahasa Inggris sebagai mata pelajaran pilihan muatan lokal (mulok) dalam kurikulum Sekolah Dasar (SD), banyak SD di Indonesia yang tetap menyelenggarakan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dalam suasana ketidakpastian. Tidak diketahui kondisi pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di SD saat ini. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menggambarkan guru-guru bahasa Inggris yang berjuang untuk tetap mengajarkannya di salah satu kabupaten di Indonesia yang tetap mengizinkan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di SD. Penelitian survei ini melibatkan 44 guru bahasa Inggris SD yang dipilih secara acak dan instrumen yang digunakan adalah seperangkat kuesioner daring (googleform) dan luring (cetak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas guru memiliki latar beakang pendidikan bahasa Inggris, namun hanya sedikit sekali yang pernah mengikuti pelatihan pengajaran bahasa Inggris bagi anak-anak. Guru-guru tersebut juga menghadapi ketidakjelasan status kepegawaian yang disebabkan tidak adanya aturan pemerintah yang jelas tentang bahasa Inggris di SD. Temuan penelitian mengangkat isu tentang kesenjangan pada pengembangan professional guru bahasa Inggris SD dan ketimpangan dalam dukungan profesional bagi guru-guru tersebut. Kata Kunci: bahasa Inggris bagi anak-anak (EYL), bahasa Inggris di SD, dan guru bahasa Inggris SD
A SHORT REVIEW OF URINARY SYMPTOMATOLOGY- GRECO ARAB MEDICINE
Authors: Rahman Azizur , Zulkifle Mohd , Khan Mohammad Ruman , Aslam Mohammad 
Published: March 2020

Greco Arab physicians have explained diseases as well as their signs and symptoms. They have documented the importance of urinary Symptomatology in diagnosis of disease and other conditions of body. They have classified the symptoms on the basis of time period, temporary or permanent etc. They discussed the factors affecting the urine presentation related to urinary tract condition. Symptomatology related to urine available in the Greco Arab classical books were being surveyed. After extensive review of literature, it was found that; Unani physicians were very much familiar to diseases of urinary tract and their signs and symptoms. Urine Symptomatology is very important aspect of medical science; every physician must know the presentation of diseases to make good differential diagnosis, right diagnosis and treatment.
Peer Review History:
Received 31 December 2019; Revised 22 January; Accepted 3 March, Available online 15 March 2020
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.
Received file

Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 4.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Name: Dr. Adebayo Gege Grace Iyabo
Affiliation: University of Ibadan, Nigeria
E-mail: funbimbola@gmail.com

Name: Dr. George Zhu
Affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
E-mail: sansan4240732@163.com
Comments of reviewer(s):

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