bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast growth factor 8 overexpression is predictive of poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jomrich Gerd , Wilfing Lavinia , Radosavljevic Sanja , Parak Ario , Winkler Daniel , Timelthaler Gerald , Schindl Martin , Schoppmann Sebastian F. , Klösch Bernhard 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Background
Despite distinctive advances in the field of pancreatic cancer therapy over the past few years, patient survival remains poor. Fibroblast growth factors 8 (FGF8) and 18 (FGF18) both play a role in modulating the activity of malignant cells and have been identified as promising biomarkers in a number of cancers. However, no data exist on the expression of FGF8 and FGF18 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods
Protein expression levels of FGF8 and FGF18 in postoperative specimens of neoadjuvantly treated and primarily resected patients were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining scores were calculated as the products of the staining intensity and the staining rate. Scores exceeding the median score were considered as high expression.

Results
Specimens from 78 patients with PDAC were available and met the eligibility criteria for analysis of protein expression using immunohistochemistry. 15 (19.2%) patients had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. High protein levels of FGF8 and FGF18 were detected in 40 (51.8%) and 33 (42.3%) patients, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in patients with high expression of FGF8 (p = 0.04). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models revealed that high expression of FGF8 (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.53, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.89, p = 0.016) was an independent prognostic factor for diminished overall survival in patients with PDAC. By contrast, no statistical significance was found for FGF18 overexpression. In addition, the FGF8 protein level correlated with the factor resection margin (p = 0.042).

Conclusion
FGF8 is a promising target for new anticancer therapies using FGF inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.
Seismic vulnerability of above-ground storage tanks with unanchored support conditions for Na-tech risks based on Gaussian process regression
Authors: Phan Hoang Nam , Paolacci Fabrizio , Di Filippo Rocco , Bursi Oreste S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the seismic vulnerability of an existing unanchored steel storage tank ideally installed in a refinery in Sicily (Italy), along the lines of performance-based earthquake engineering. Tank performance is estimated by means of component-level fragility curves for specific limit states. The assessment is based on a framework that relies on a three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) model and a low-fidelity demand model based on Gaussian process regression, which allows for cheaper simulations. Moreover, to approximate the system response corresponding to the random variation of both peak ground acceleration and liquid filling level, a second-order design of experiments method is adopted. Hence, a parametric investigation is conducted on a specific existing unanchored steel storage tank. The relevant 3D FE model is validated with an experimental campaign carried out on a shaking table test. Special attention is paid to the base uplift due to significant inelastic deformations that occur at the baseplate close to the welded baseplate-to-wall connection, offering extensive information on both capacity and demand. As a result, the tank performance is estimated by means of component-level fragility curves for the aforementioned limit state which are derived through Monte Carlo simulations. The flexibility of the proposed framework allows fragility curves to be derived considering both deterministic and random filling levels. The comparison of the seismic vulnerability of the tank obtained with probabilistic and deterministic mechanical models demonstrates the conservatism of the latter. The same trend is also exhibited in terms of risk assessment.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Performance of a Three-Dimensional Finite-Length Rotating Cylinder
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yuwei , Zhao Dagang , Pang Yongjie , Guo Chunyu , Wang Yifan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe hydrodynamic performance of a three-dimensional finite-length rotating cylinder is studied by means of a physical tank and numerical simulation. First, according to the identified influencing factors, a hydrodynamic performance test of the rotating cylinder was carried out in a circulating water tank. In order to explore the changing law of hydrodynamic performance with these factors, a particle image velocimetry device was used to monitor the flow field. Subsequently, a computational field dynamics numerical simulation method was used to simulate the flow field, followed by an analysis of the effects of speed ratio, Reynolds number, and aspect ratio on the flow field. The results show that the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the cylinder increase first and then decrease with the increase of the rotational speed ratio. The trend of numerical simulation and experimental results is similar.
Treatment of Cheyne–Stokes respiration with adaptive servoventilation—analysis of patients with regard to therapy restriction
Authors: Stieglitz Sven , Galetke Wolfgang , Esquinas Antonio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The SERVE-HF study revealed no benefit of adaptive servoventilation (ASV) versus guideline-based medical treatment in patients with symptomatic heart failure, an ejection fraction (EF) ≤45% and a predominance of central events (apnoea-hypopnea Index [AHI] > 15/h). Because both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were higher in the ASV group, an EF ≤ 45% in combination with AHI 15/h, central apnoea-hyponoea index [CAHI/AHI] > 50% and central apnoea index [CAI] > 10/h were subsequently listed as contraindications for ASV. The intention of our study was to analyse the clinical relevance of this limitation.

Methods
Data were analysed retrospectively for patients treated with ASV who received follow-up echocardiography to identify contraindications for ASV.

Results
Echocardiography was conducted in 23 patients. The echocardiogram was normal in 10 cases, a left ventricular hypertrophy with normal EF was found in 8 patients, there was an EF 45–50% in 2 cases and a valvular aortic stenosis (grade II) with normal EF was found in 1 case. EF <45% was present in just 2 cases, and only 1 of these patients also had more than 50% central events in the diagnostic night.

Conclusion
The population typically treated with ASV is entirely different from the study population in SERVE-HF, as nearly half of the patients treated with ASV showed a normal echocardiogram. Thus, the modified indication for ASV has little impact on the majority of treated patients. The current pathomechanistic hypothesis of central apnoea must be reviewed.
Current Knowledge of Content and Composition of Oat Oil—Future Perspectives of Oat as Oil Source
Authors: Banaś Karol , Harasym Joanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe oat oil composition is unique among cereals; however, the industrial exploitation of oat oil still needs more attention. The health claims authorized by the FDA and the EFSA have led to a significant increase in the industry’s interest in oats as an industrial crop. The current focus is put on the extraction of fibre/beta-glucan or oat proteins. In contrast, the fat present in oats and especially its functional components do not attract sufficient industrial attention. The paper presents a concise analysis of the current state of knowledge about the content and composition of oat oil (perceived as oil as product, not fat content) regarding oil extraction methods and analysis. The profound study suggests that oil separation should be obviously taken into account during oat fractionation for industrial products. Such an approach will be in agreement with sustainable management of natural resources and should be taken into account when planning full utilization of each plant crop.
The early history of cannabinoid research
Authors: Appendino Giovanni 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStudies on cannabinoids that predate the identification of ∆9-THC as the intoxicating constituents of recreational cannabis by Raphael Mechoulam in 1964 are reviewed, critically analyzing the controversies andfaux pasthat have characterized the early research in this area. Significant contributions to the elucidation of the signature molecular scaffold of cannabinoids were provided by some of the finest organic chemists of their generation, like Roger Adams and the Nobel laureate Alexander Todd, and important studies of preeminent scientists like Robert Sidney Cahn and František Šantavý also deserve mentioning. The results of these studies include the structure elucidation of cannabinol (2a), and the preliminary structure elucidation of cannabidiol (CBD,3a) and various semi-synthetic tetrahydrocannabinols (THCs). A comparative analysis of the contributions to the area by Adams and Todd highlights the transition between two generations of organic chemists, and the profound influence that the development of chromatographic methods of purification and of spectroscopic techniques of structure elucidation have played on the development of organic chemistry.
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and multi-SIR profiles of soil microbial communities from a karst doline at Aggtelek National Park, Hungary
Authors: Mucsi Márton , Krett Gergely , Szili-Kovács Tibor , Móga János , Borsodi Andrea K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSoils play an important role in the ecosystem of karstic landscapes both as a buffer zone and as a source of acidity to belowground water. Although the microbiota of karstic soils is known to have a great effect on karstification processes, the activity and composition of these communities are largely unknown. This study gives a comparative analysis of soil microbial profiles from different parts of a doline located at Aggtelek, Hungary. The aim was to reveal the relationships between the vegetation type and genetic fingerprints and substrate utilisation (multi-SIR) profiles of the soil microbiota. Soil samples were collected in early and late springs along a transect in a doline covered with different types of vegetation. Genetic fingerprints of bacterial communities were examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) based on the 16S rRNA gene, along with multi-SIR profiles of the microbial communities measured by the MicroResp method using 15 different carbon sources. Genetic fingerprinting indicated that vegetation cover had a strong effect on the composition of soil bacterial communities. Procrustean analysis showed only a weak connection between DGGE and multi-SIR profiles, probably due to the high functional redundancy of the communities. Seasonality had a significant effect on substrate usage, which can be an important factor to consider in future studies.
Digitalisierung in der Mund‑, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
Authors: Meister S. , Haßfeld S. , Burmann A. 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Mit dem Digitale-Versorgung-Gesetz (DVG) und dem Patientendaten-Schutz-Gesetz (PDSG) wurden Gesetze zur Stärkung einer digital unterstützten Gesundheitsversorgung erlassen. Digitalisierung beansprucht, die Effektivität und Effizienz im Sinne der Leistungserbringerinnen und Leistungserbringer und Patientinnen und Patienten stärken zu können. Sie erfordert jedoch auch, Prozesse und Verantwortlichkeiten neu zu strukturieren, in Technologie zu investieren und digitale Kompetenzen sicherzustellen.

Fragestellung
Welche Chancen und Risiken ergeben sich durch Digitalisierung aus Sicht der Akteurinnen und Akteure der Mund‑, Kiefer- und Gesichts(MKG)-Chirurgie, und welcher Status quo ergibt sich im internationalen Vergleich?

Material und Methode
Anwendung von Experteninterviews (n = 8) als qualitatives Erhebungsinstrument und Durchführung einer strukturierten Literaturanalyse.

Ergebnisse
Digitalisierung hilft, Therapien zu optimieren (n = 7), wobei die digitale Bildgebung ein geschätztes Instrument (n = 8) in der MKG-Chirurgie ist. Es fehlen jedoch Angebote zur Aneignung digitaler Kompetenzen (n = 6), und zudem werden die Anforderungen des Datenschutzes (n = 4) kritisch gesehen.

Schlussfolgerung
Digitalisierung erfordert gerade zu Beginn hohe zeitliche und auch finanzielle Investitionen. Zudem sind neue Kompetenzen erforderlich, um Souveränität im Umgang mit digitalen Produkten sicherstellen zu können. Es wird angestrebt, die qualitativen Ergebnisse nachfolgend durch eine quantitative Analyse zu verifizieren.
HBIM parametric modelling from clouds to perform structural analyses based on finite elements: a case study on a parabolic concrete vault
Authors: Abbate Emilio , Invernizzi Stefano , Spanò Antonia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper investigates the issue of finite element model development for the structural assessment of existing structures on the basis of detailed (terrestrial laser scanning and image-based) point clouds to parametric models generated using HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modelling) technology. Different procedures and software combinations are investigated in order to provide useful hints trying to solve some of the criticalities which are still unsolved albeit the subject has been under investigation since some years now. It is worth noting that, when assets belonging to the cultural heritage domain (CH) are considered, the difficulties increase because of the peculiarity of the structural behaviour and often the singularity of the geometrical shape. The proposed methodology is presented considering the case of the “Paraboloide” of Casale (Italy), a construction from the early reinforced concrete age, which is now a relevant example of Italian concrete industrial heritage mainly due to the thin parabolic vault and the construction methodology that was so innovative for its time.
The valens aqueduct of constantinople: hydrology and hydraulics
Authors: Crapper Martin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA hydrological and hydraulic engineering analysis has been carried out on the Valens aqueduct system constructed from around AD 345 and serving Constantinople. A GIS analysis of previous field observations combined with a digital elevation model confirmed the aqueduct’s likely route and slope. Macrophysical Climate Modelling revealed that contemporary weather data was an appropriate proxy for the time of the aqueduct’s construction, and modern flow data was obtained for some of the springs that fed the aqueduct. Existing, previously documented remains, especially at intakes, were considered, and the industry standard software HEC–RAS was used to simulate the performance of the aqueduct system with a view to understanding the amount of water it could have delivered to the city, the seasonal variation in supply and the most likely configuration of the aqueduct, where this was not clear from existing archaeology. It was concluded that the most likely configuration for the aqueduct system was a fourth and a fifth century channel continuing separately and in parallel to the city walls, which might have delivered flow the range of 0.73 m3/s in the driest month of October to 1.73 m3/s in the wettest month of March over an average year.
Correction to: Novel and potent inhibitors targeting DHODH are broad-spectrum antivirals against RNA viruses including newly-emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Xiong Rui , Zhang Leike , Li Shiliang , Sun Yuan , Ding Minyi , Wang Yong , Zhao Yongliang , Wu Yan , Shang Weijuan , Jiang Xiaming , Shan Jiwei , Shen Zihao , Tong Yi , Xu Liuxin , Chen Yu , Liu Yingle , Zou Gang , Lavillete Dimitri , Zhao Zhenjiang , Wang Rui , Zhu Lili , Xiao Gengfu , Lan Ke , Li Honglin , Xu Ke 
Published: October 2020

In the original publication there are few errors in Figure 1. The correct Figure 1 is provided in this correction
Multi-level Block Designs for Comparative Experiments
Authors: Edmondson Rodney N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractComplete replicate block designs are fully efficient for treatment effects and are the designs of choice for many agricultural field experiments. For experiments with a large number of treatments, however, they may not provide good control of variability over the whole experimental area. Nested incomplete block designs with a single level of nesting can then improve ‘within-block’ homogeneity for moderate sized experiments. For very large designs, however, a single level of nesting may not be adequate and this paper discusses multi-level nesting with hierarchies of nested blocks. Multi-level nested block designs provide a range of block sizes which can improve ‘within-block’ homogeneity over a range of scales of measurement. We discuss design and analysis of multi-level block designs for hierarchies of nested blocks including designs with crossed block factors. We describe an R language package for multi-level block design and we exemplify the design and analysis of multi-level block designs by a simulation study of block designs for cereal variety trials in the UK. Finally, we re-analyse a single large row-and-column field trial for 272 spring barley varieties in 16 rows and 34 columns assuming an additional set of multi-level nested column blocks superimposed on the existing design. For each example, a multi-level mixed blocks analysis is compared with a spatial analysis based on hierarchical generalized additive (HGAM) models. We discuss the combined analysis of random blocks and HGAM smoothers in the same model.
Integrating Wikipedia editing into health professions education: a&nbsp;curricular inventory and review of the literature
Authors: Maggio Lauren A. , Willinsky John M. , Costello Joseph A. , Skinner Nadine A. , Martin Paolo C. , Dawson Jennifer E. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction Wikipedia is an online encyclopedia read by millions seeking medical information. To provide health professions students with skills to critically assess, edit, and improve Wikipedia’s medical content, a skillset aligned with evidence-based medicine (EBM), Wikipedia courses have been integrated into health professions schools’ curriculum. This literature review and curricular inventory of Wikipedia educational initiatives provides an overview of current approaches and identifies directions for future initiatives and research. Methods Five databases were searched for articles describing educational interventions to train health professional students to edit Wikipedia. Course dashboards, maintained by Wiki Education (Wiki Edu), were searched for curricular materials. From these sources, key details were extracted and synthesized, including student and instructor type, course content, educational methods, and student outcomes. Results Six articles and 27 dashboards reported courses offered between 2015 and 2019. Courses were predominantly offered to medical and nursing students. Instructors delivered content via videos, live lectures, and online interactive modules. Course content included logistics of Wikipedia editing, EBM skills, and health literacy. All courses included assignments requiring students to edit Wikipedia independently or in groups. Limited details on assessment of student learning were available. Discussion A small but growing number of schools are training health professions education students to improve Wikipedia’s medical content. Course details are available on Wiki Edu dashboards and, to a lesser extent, in peer-reviewed publications.
A Review of the Concepts and Measurements for Connection to Nature and Environmentally Responsible Behaviour—a Call for Research on Human-Forest Relationships
Authors: Häyrinen Liina , Pynnönen Sari 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe review examines recent scientific discussion on the concepts and measurements of human connection to nature (CTN) and pro-environmental behaviour (PEB). In addition to that, we explore the environmental contexts in which study populations are exposed to nature or nature experiences, particularly the contexts in which forests emerge from these studies, and lastly outline gaps in research.Recent FindingsOutlining the association between CTN and PEB has been widely researched over the past 5 years. The concepts and measurements referring to these terms vary, but a few commonly used concepts were identified. The review classifies the approaches used for exploring the relationship between CTN and PEB into four categories. The review indicates that the interconnection between CTN and PEB is mostly studied as a part of the wider concept. Approximately half of the reviewed articles explored the actual exposure to some natural environment or nature activity either directly or indirectly. Forests only played a small role as a natural environment in the reviewed articles.SummaryForests appear to be of very little weight or under-represented in CTN and PEB literature as an explicitly identified natural environment. Results also indicate that the human-forest relationship has not been defined precisely in empirically based scientific literature. The paper discusses implications for the future research focusing on emphasizing the role of forests as natural environments in the research of CTN and PEB.
A two-level computer vision-based information processing method for improving the performance of human–machine interaction-aided applications
Authors: Alfarraj Osama , Tolba Amr 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe computer vision (CV) paradigm is introduced to improve the computational and processing system efficiencies through visual inputs. These visual inputs are processed using sophisticated techniques for improving the reliability of human–machine interactions (HMIs). The processing of visual inputs requires multi-level data computations for achieving application-specific reliability. Therefore, in this paper, a two-level visual information processing (2LVIP) method is introduced to meet the reliability requirements of HMI applications. The 2LVIP method is used for handling both structured and unstructured data through classification learning to extract the maximum gain from the inputs. The introduced method identifies the gain-related features on its first level and optimizes the features to improve information gain. In the second level, the error is reduced through a regression process to stabilize the precision to meet the HMI application demands. The two levels are interoperable and fully connected to achieve better gain and precision through the reduction in information processing errors. The analysis results show that the proposed method achieves 9.42% higher information gain and a 6.51% smaller error under different classification instances compared with conventional methods.