bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor microenvironment and breast cancer survival: combined effects of breast fat, M2 macrophages and hyaluronan create a dismal prognosis
Authors: Tiainen Satu , Masarwah Amro , Oikari Sanna , Rilla Kirsi , Hämäläinen Kirsi , Sudah Mazen , Sutela Anna , Vanninen Ritva , Ikonen Juho , Tammi Raija , Tammi Markku , Auvinen Päivi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Tumor microenvironment, including inflammatory cells, adipocytes and extracellular matrix constituents such as hyaluronan (HA), impacts on cancer progression. Systemic metabolism also influences tumor growth e.g. obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are risk factors for breast cancer. Here, in 262 breast cancer cases, we explored the combined impacts on survival of M2-like tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), the abundance of breast fat visualized as low density in mammograms, and tumor HA, and their associations with T2D.

Methods
Mammographic densities were assessed visually from the diagnostic images and dichotomized into very low density (VLD, density ≤ 10%, “fatty breast”) and mixed density (MID, density > 10%). The amounts of TAMs (CD163+ and CD68+) and tumor HA were determined by immunohistochemistry. The data of T2D was collected from the patient records. Statistical differences between the parameters were calculated with Chi square or Mann–Whitney test and survival analyses with Cox’s model.

Results
A combination of fatty breasts (VLD), abundance of M2-like TAMs (CD163+) and tumor HA associated with poor survival, as survival was 88–89% in the absence of these factors but only 40–47% when all three factors were present (p < 0.001). Also, an association between T2D and fatty breasts was found (p < 0.01). Furthermore, tumors in fatty breasts contained more frequently high levels of M2-like TAMs than tumors in MID breasts (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate a dramatic effect of the tumor microenvironment on breast cancer progression. We hypothesize that T2D as well as obesity increase the fat content of the breasts, subsequently enhancing local pro-tumoral inflammation.
Corporate Political Strategies in Weak Institutional Environments: A Break from Conventions
Authors: Liedong Tahiru Azaaviele , Aghanya Daniel , Rajwani Tazeeb 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is a lack of research about the political strategies used by firms in emerging countries, mainly because the literature often assumes that Western-oriented corporate political activity (CPA) has universal application. Drawing on resource-dependency logics, we explorewhyandhowfirms orchestrate CPA in the institutionally challenging context of Nigeria. Our findings show that firms deploy four context-fitting but ethically suspect political strategies: affective, financial, pseudo-attribution and kinship strategies. We leverage this understanding to contribute to CPA in emerging countries by arguing that corporate political strategies are shaped by thereciprocityanddualityof dependency relationships between firms and politicians, and also by advancing that these strategies reflect institutional weaknesses and unique industry-level opportunities. Importantly, we shed light on the muttered dark side of CPA. We develop a CPA framework and discuss the research, practical and policy implications of our findings.
Protecting against disaster risks: Why insurance and prevention may be complements
Authors: Botzen W. J. Wouter , Kunreuther Howard , Michel-Kerjan Erwann 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examine mechanisms as to why insurance and individual risk reduction activities are complements instead of substitutes. We use data on flood risk reduction activities and flood insurance purchases by surveying more than 1000 homeowners in New York City after they experienced Hurricane Sandy. Insurance is a complement to loss reduction measures undertaken well before the threat of suffering a loss, which is the opposite of a moral hazard effect of insurance coverage. In contrast, insurance acts as a substitute for emergency preparedness measures that can be taken when a loss is imminent, which implies that financial incentives or regulations are needed to encourage insured people to take these measures. We find that mechanisms leading to preferred risk selection are related to past flood damage and a crowding out effect of federal disaster assistance as well as behavioral motivations to reduce risk.
Appraising Hydro-dynamics of Alluvial Aquifers from Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Sonkamble Sahebrao , Rangarajan R. , Rajkumar R. , Warsi T. , Sambasivarao T. , Ahmed S. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Aquifer behaviour in alluvial plains is a complex phenomenon owing to the discrete lithological units, hydro-dynamics and erratic rainfall patterns. Therefore, the aquifer geometry, recharge and rainfall which define the hydro-dynamics of alluvial aquifers are important to understand in view of sustainable groundwater management. This study appraises the time series hydro-climatic data on daily basis during July-2008 to March-2011 in Indo- Gangetic plains, India. It includes field site monitoring of six piezometric wells installed with borehole data loggers and daily rainfall events. The temporal variations recorded for hydro-climatic (i.e. piezometric surface and rainfall) data sets are examined applying classical statistical tools. Results showed, a) the linear regression value R2 = 0.81−0.98 (mean: 0.94) calculated for consecutive three monsoons indicated the rise of static WL by 1.59 m/monsoon, b) the linear trend for three hydrological cycles denotes, rainfall deficit of 9.83 % and 14.10 % corresponds to WL decline by 0.914 m and 1.478 m, c) for an individual hydrological year, a negative response of rainfall to WL decline with correlation coefficient r=-0.921 indicates multiple variables of aquifer discharge. The derived negative linearity y=−1.196x+223.35 has assisted to simulate the declining mode of WL by 1.196 m/year. It assists to draw the similar results for alluvial aquifers in other regions of Indo-Gangetic plains.
A New Record of Acanthomorphic Acritarch Tappania Yin from the Early Mesoproterozoic Saraipali Formation, Singhora Group, Chhattisgarh Supergroup, India and its Biostratigraphic Significance
Authors: Singh Veeru Kant , Sharma Mukund , Sergeev Vladimir N. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
In the present paper, well-preserved specimens of taxonomically distinctive Proterozoic eukaryotic fossil Tappania Yin are recorded for the first time from the rocks of the Saraipali Formation of the Singhora Group, Chhattisgarh Supergroup, India. In the global context, among the various species of this genus, Tappania plana is widely distributed in the latest Palaeoproterozoic (Statherian) to the early Mesoproterozoic (Calymmian) organic-walled microfossil assemblages. Tappania plana of the Saraipali is subjected to transmitted light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy and these results are presented. Collectively, the occurrence of remarkable microfossil Tappania and other associated microfossils in the Saraipalli Formation of rocks demonstrate the Calymmian age for the lower sediments of the Chhattisgarh Supergroup.
An Exclusive Schizoneura Forest: An Emblematic Late Permian Marsh Ecosystem
Authors: Tripathy Geetika , Goswami Shreerup , Patel Roshni 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Altogether eighty one (81) impressions of slender leafy axes of Schizoneura gondwanensis were reported in ferruginous shales from Lower Kamthi sediments exposed in a very remote locality near Korbahal Village, Sundargarh District, Ib River Lower Gondwana basin, Odisha, India. Different aspects of Schizoneura, one of the imperative equisetalean genera of the Indian Lower Gondwana flora, have been discussed in this article. The speciation and morphology of this genus are also described. Further, a review of previous work on this genus is summarized for a clear understanding of its form, habit, diversity, origin, evolution and extinction. An attempt has also been made to reconstruct the plant of Schizoneura. Palaeoclimate during Late Permian is also summarized. The climate was comparatively warm and highly humid and thus quite suitable for luxuriant plant growth. However, the red bed facies of the ferruginous sandstones indicate seasonal variability of dry spells and semi-arid conditions. An attempt has also been made to reconstruct palaeovegetation of the investigated locality. A forest of hydrophytic plants, dominated by Schizoneura gondwanensis developed luxuriantly under warm and highly humid conditions in a marsh ecosystem in general and possibly around a large pond in particular.
Seasonal Variations of Streams Hydrochemistry and Relationships with Morphometric/Landcover Parameters in the Bhagirathi Watersheds, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Ansari Zabiullah , Ahmad Sarfaraz , Khan Mohd. Abdullah 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The Bhagirathi streams are a major source of fresh water in the form of glaciers meltwater streams and monsoonal phenomena. The watersheds of the Bhagirathi basin is trending towards water chemistry as well as changing morphological and land cover features due to the climatic and anthropogenic activity. To understand seasonal hydrochemistry and the impact of watershed morphology a total of 32 stream water samples collected during post and pre-monsoon seasons. The bicarbonate is the most dominant ion in the streams water followed by Na+, Ca+2, SO4-2, Cl-, SiO2, K+, and Mg+2. The results were found that HCO3- is in very good correlation with the base cations Ca+2, Mg+2 and Na+ in both pre and post-monsoon seasons. The higher concentration of HCO3- in Bhagirathi stream water and its positive correlation with Ca+2 and Mg+2 indicates that their main source comes from the dissolution of carbonates. Most of the hydro-chemical parameters (EC, pH) and ions (Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, HCOf-, SO4-2, Cl-, and F-) indicated a relationship with morphometric and land cover and these parameters vary with the season. It is observed that elevation, relief, basin length, area, and perimeter impact on stream water chemistry. Due to the processes of chemical weathering, mixing of the groundwater, snow/glacier meltwater, and surface water components responsible for the seasonal variation in the hydrochemistry of streams. Impact of agriculture land is more dominant than any land cover followed by barren land and glacier cover that influence the hydrochemistry of streams.
Evaluation of the Sources of Yozgat Fountain Water in Terms of Seasonal Distribution, Turkey
Authors: Turksoy Vugar Ali , Deniz Serdar , Tutkun Lutfiye , Kirat Gullu 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to compare the seasonal variation in the concentration of elements in 147 fountain water samples, collected from Yozgat province and its surroundings. The study area comprises of lower Eocene Topcu Formation and the upper Cretaceous - Paleocene Yozgat batholith Formation. A study of the physical and chemical properties of the water samples show that average pH values may be classified as I and II as per Water Pollution Control Regulation. The concentrations of As, B, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, F, Pb, Ni, Sb, Se and U were lower than the WHO (2011) fountain water guide limits.
The techniques of principle factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to assess and examine the results obtained from the study area. The data values consisting of 29 elements were divided into groups of similar parameters, forming 8 sets. Using principle factor analyses, large part of the variation in the data were determined (77.71% of the variance).
According to World Health Organization (WHO) safe drinking water is necessary for human health and 80% diseases are water borne. The heavy metals are of major concern, mainly due to their presence at relatively high concentrations in fountain water and their toxic effects on human health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sources of fountain water in the Yozgat region in terms of seasonal toxicity in line with WHO limits.
Car usage, $${\text {CO}}_{2}$$ emissions and fuel taxes in Europe
Authors: Marrero Gustavo A. , Rodríguez-López Jesús , González Rosa Marina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe number of diesel cars in Europe has grown significantly over the last three decades, a process usually known as dieselization, and they now account for nearly 40% of the cars on the road. We build on a dynamic general equilibrium model that makes a distinction between diesel motor and gasoline motor vehicles and calibrate it for main European countries. Firstly, we find that the dieselization can be explained by a change in consumer preferences paired with the productivity gains from the specialization of the European automotive industry. Secondly, the lenient tax policies in favor of diesel fuel help to explain the rebound effect in road traffic. Finally, from a normative standpoint, the model suggests that a tax discrimination based on the carbon content of each fuel (higher for diesel relative to gasoline) would actually be more effective in curbing$${\text {CO}}_{2}$$CO2emissions rather than a tax based on fuel efficiency. Based on the existing studies, we also document that other external costs of diesel are always higher than those of gasoline, and the Pigouvian tax rates should reflect this aspect. This recommendation is radically different to the existing fuel tax design in most European countries.
Influence of different stakeholders on first-tier suppliers’ sustainable supplier selection: insights from a multiple case study in the automotive first-tier industry
Authors: Lechler Sabrina , Canzaniello Angelo , Wetzstein Anton , Hartmann Evi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPublic and academic attention towards sustainably managing companies and corresponding supply chains has been gaining significant momentum in recent years. While extensive literature is available on corporate sustainability and the original equipment manufacturers’ (OEMs) downstream supply chains, there is little empirical knowledge concerning why first-tier (FT) suppliers in the upstream supply chain implement sustainability into their supplier selection (SS) processes. However, FT suppliers have a crucial role in ensuring sustainability in upstream supply chains, as they are a key transmitter and often accountable for their OEMs’ sub-supplier portfolios. Grounded on a cross-case study approach of five FT suppliers, two associations and three non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as well as stakeholder theory, this paper investigates how different stakeholder groups are influencing the integration of sustainability aspects into FT suppliers’ SS processes. Therefore, government, NGOs, OEMs and employees are investigated as stakeholder groups. Characteristics, such as FT suppliers’ size, legal structure, material criticality, employees’ distance to the supply chain function, company culture and industry culture, could be identified as factors that influence the urgency of stakeholders’ sustainability claims and thus FT suppliers’ perceived sustainability pressure. Moreover, with regard to the OEM stakeholder group, it was found that, depending on the urgency of OEMs’ sustainability claims, FT suppliers align their sustainable SS processes to the actions and expectations of different stakeholder groups and thus fulfill the OEM’s sustainability expectations to varying degrees. Thus, our study contributes empirical knowledge to this so far underrepresented research field and is moreover beneficial for decision makers.
Estimation of three-dimensional aerodynamic damping using CFD
Authors: Higgins R.J. , Barakos G.N. , Jinks E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAeroelastic phenomena of stall flutter are the result of the negative aerodynamic damping associated with separated flow. From this basis, an investigation has been conducted to estimate the aerodynamic damping from a time-marching aeroelastic computation. An initial investigation is conducted on the NACA 0012 aerofoil section, before transition to 3D propellers and full aeroelastic calculations. Estimates of aerodynamic damping are presented, with a comparison made betweenURANSandSAS. Use of a suitable turbulence closure to allow for shedding of flow structures during stall is seen as critical in predicting negative damping estimations. From this investigation, it has been found that theSASmethod is able to capture this for both the aerofoil and 3D test cases.
How Labor Market Inequality Transforms Mass Politics
Authors: Häusermann Silja , Kemmerling Achim , Rueda David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhy do left parties lose vote shares in times of economic crisis and hardship? Why do right-wing governments implement seemingly left-wing policies, such as labor market activation? Why is representation becoming more and more unequal? And why do workers vote for right-wing populist parties? Several political science theories propose meaningful and important answers to these key questions for comparative politics, focusing on identity politics, programmatic convergence of parties or exogenous constraints. However, there is an additional and distinct approach to all of the questions above, which emphasizes socio-structural transformations in the labor market: most of the processes above can be understood with reference to increasing labor market inequality and its political implications. The relevance and explanatory power of labor market inequality for mass politics have not been fully acknowledged in comparative political science and this is the reason for this symposium. Labor market inequality affects political preferences and behavior, electoral politics, representation, and government strategies. The main purpose of our symposium is to make broader comparative politics research aware of the crucial structural changes that labor markets have undergone in the advanced capitalist democracies of the OECD, and of the tremendous implications these changes have had for politics.
Psychotic experiences, psychiatric comorbidity and mental health need in the general population: a cross-sectional and cohort study in Southeast London
Authors: Bhavsar Vishal , Dorrington Sarah , Morgan Craig , Hatch Stephani L. , McGuire Philip , Fusar-Poli Paolo , Mills John , MacCabe James H. , Hotopf Matthew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCo-occurrence of common mental disorders (CMD) with psychotic experiences is well-known. There is little research on the public mental health relevance of concurrent psychotic experiences for service use, suicidality, and poor physical health. We aim to: (1) describe the distribution of psychotic experiences co-occurring with a range of non-psychotic psychiatric disorders [CMD, depressive episode, anxiety disorder, probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and personality dysfunction], and (2) examine associations of concurrent psychotic experiences with secondary mental healthcare use, psychological treatment use for CMD, lifetime suicide attempts, and poor self-rated health.MethodsWe linked a prospective cross-sectional community health survey with a mental healthcare provider database. For each non-psychotic psychiatric disorder, patients with concurrent psychotic experiences were compared to those without psychotic experiences on use of secondary mental healthcare, psychological treatment for CMD, suicide attempt, physical functioning, and a composite multimorbidity score, using logistic regression and Cox regressions.ResultsIn all disorders except for anxiety disorder, concurrent psychotic experiences were accompanied by a greater odds of all outcomes (odds ratios) for a unit change in composite multimorbidity score ranged between 2.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49–3.27] and 3.46 (95% CI 1.52–7.85). Hazard ratios for secondary mental health service use for non-psychotic disorders with concurrent psychotic experiences, ranged from 0.53 (95% CI 0.15–1.86) for anxiety disorders with psychotic experiences to 4.99 (95% CI 1.22–20.44) among those with PTSD with psychotic experiences.ConclusionsCo-occurring psychotic experiences indicate greater public mental health burden, suggesting psychotic experiences could be a marker for future preventive strategies improving public mental health.
Asymmetrical assumption: Why Lutheran christology does not lead to kenoticism or divine passibility
Authors: Holmes Stephen R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt has been commonplace for over a century to argue that the distinctively Lutheran form of thecommunicatio idiomatumleads naturally to kenotic christology, divine passibility, or both. Although this argument has been generally accepted as a historical claim, has also been advanced repeatedly as a criticism of ‘classical theism’ and has featured significantly in almost all recent defences of divine passibility, I argue that it does not work: the Lutheran scholastics had ample resources drawn from nothing more than ecumenical trinitarian and christological dogma to defend their denial of thegenus tapeinoticum. I argue further that this defence, if right, undermines a remarkably wide series of proposals in contemporary systematic theology.
Chronotopic representations as an effect of individuation: The case of the European migrant crisis
Authors: Procházka Ondřej 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article discusses internet memes in their capacity to prompt affective responses on social media in the aftermath of the migrant crisis. The focus is on Facebook pages devoted to geopolitical satire meme-comics known as countryballs and their uptake with regard to the proposed migrant relocation mechanisms. Engagement with internet memes reveals a multilayered complexity behind what is often simplistically portrayed as pro- or anti-migrant sentiment. In order to account for this complexity, the paper combines Gilbert Simondon's theory of individuation with Mikhail Bakhtin's notion of the chronotope currently developed in interactional sociolinguistics along the lines of symbolic interactionism. Finally, this article shows that memes are not a mere product of participatory culture, but rather a powerful instigator of technosocial and often heteroglossic practices that co-organize social life in the new polycentric collectivities appearing on social media. (Chronotope, individuation, internet memes, countryballs, Facebook, identity)*
Shaping society and urban fabric in Crusader Jerusalem
Authors: Gutgarts Anna 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study addresses the interplay between the formation of civic society and urban development in the Latin East, particularly in the city of Jerusalem. It argues that while the municipal mechanisms that were formed in Jerusalem during the first half of the twelfth century drew on Western European models, they were adapted to meet the challenges of the young capital of the Latin Kingdom. The process revolves around the pivotal role of the patriarch and the clergy of the church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem's most important religious institution at the time, in the moulding of the urban fabric. This was realized through a close collaboration with the local burgess class, followed by the rise of new religious institutions that spurred the transition to a new urban balance. These processes demonstrate the reciprocity between spatial, social and economic factors in the shaping of the cityscape and urban dynamics in Frankish Jerusalem.