bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How opposite may differ from opposite: a lesson from the peristome development in the moss Discelium
Authors: Ignatov Michael S , Spirina Ulyana N , Kolesnikova Maria A , Ignatova Elena A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Previous morphological studies and molecular phylogenetic reconstructions resolved Discelium in the diplolepideous-opposite peristome group of mosses among the early-diverging mosses with arthrodontous peristomes. However, sporophyte development in Discelium differs from that of the other ‘diplolepideous-opposite’ families, Funariaceae and Encalyptaceae, in that the transverse sections of the peristome in the early stages of sporophyte differentiation exhibit diplolepideous-opposite, diplolepideous-alternate and haplolepideous patterns. Although the proportion of diplolepideous-opposite vs. haplolepideous patterns increases as the capsules mature, a haplolepideous peristomial formula persists in about one-third of the peristome sectors, reducing in frequency only in the lower parts of the teeth. This is the first evidence of the presence of the haplolepideous pattern in the ‘diplolepideous-opposite’ lineage; although appearing in the course of development it does not end in a really haplolepideous peristome, as its endostome and exostome elements remain opposite due to adhesion throughout their length. In contrast to Discelium, the peristome in Encalyptaceae maintains a typical diplolepideous-opposite pattern of cell divisions from the earliest stages of development, as determined by the unusually thick cells of the inner peristomial layer. The presence of the haplolepideous pattern in Discelium fills an enigmatic gap between the earliest-diverging arthrodontous lineage Diphysciaceae and the terminal lineages Dicranidae, in which the haplolepideous pattern prevails, and Bryideae, in which it appears only as a transitional stage towards the more complex structure. The diplolepideous-opposite peristome may not represent a synapomorphy for the ‘diplolepideous-opposite’ group of mosses as a whole (including Discelium), thus supporting treating Discelium in its own order.
UBE3C promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by activating the β-catenin signaling via degradation of AXIN1 in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Yu , Xu Jiapeng , Fu Hongbing , Wei Ziran , Yang Dejun , Yan Ronglin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Previous studies have shown that E3 ubiquitin ligase E3C (UBE3C) promotes the progression of multiple types of cancer. However, little is known about the expression and molecular mechanism of UBE3C in GC. In this study, UBE3C is upregulated in clinical GC samples and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and the UBE3C upregulation is correlated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with GC. In vitro, knockdown of UBE3C suppresses proliferation and enhances apoptosis in GC cells by inhibiting β-catenin signaling pathway. In contrast, in vitro overexpression of UBE3C promotes GC cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through the upregulation of β-catenin signaling by promoting ubiquitination of AXIN1. In vivo, knockdown of UBE3C inhibits tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Concurrently, the UBE3C knockdown resulted in an increase of AXIN1 and a reduction of β-catenin in the nucleus and cytoplasm in the xenograft tumor tissues. Our results demonstrate that UBE3C promotes GC progression through activating the β-catenin signaling via degradation of AXIN1. Our data suggest that UBE3C exerts oncogenic effects in GC and thus provides a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for GC therapy.
‘Stateless’ Rohingyas: persecution, displacement and complex community development
Authors: Jha Manish K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With complex sociopolitical contours around the idea of ethnicity, identity and citizenship, communities are experiencing unprecedented violence and vulnerabilities. The life and circumstances of one of such contentious community, Rohingya, is a telling example of an assault on their identity, culture, and history. The state sponsored violence and persecution had forced them to flee Myanmar. Denied recognition, as refugee or asylum seeker anywhere in the world, more than a million people from the community has become ‘stateless’ and living in a precarious condition in the camps in Bangladesh. This article explains the process whereby a community’s identity and citizenship were undermined, forcing them to become a stateless community. The article explores: what role identity, ethnicity, and politics play vis-a-vis minority communities at the ‘margin’? What complex challenges does it pose for community work and how community work attempts to take on that challenge? The article explains how sociocultural specificity poses a challenge for community workers to rely on their received wisdom. Therefore, approaches, strategies, and skills require substantive modification and alignment. Drawing upon personal interviews with key informants (coordinators of humanitarian response, community leaders, camp residents, and host community) and analysis of the documentary sources, the article brings forth the nature and character of community work undertaken by people coming from the varied disciplinary background.
Brain Connectivity, and Hormonal and Behavioral Correlates of Sustained Weight Loss in Obese Patients after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Hu Yang , Ji Gang , Li Guanya , Manza Peter , Zhang Wenchao , Wang Jia , Lv Ganggang , He Yang , Zhang Zhida , Yuan Kai , von Deneen Karen M , Chen Antao , Cui Guangbin , Wang Huaning , Wiers Corinde E , Volkow Nora D , Nie Yongzhan , Zhang Yi , Wang Gene-Jack 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe biological mediators that support cognitive-control and long-term weight-loss after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) remain unclear. We measured peripheral appetitive hormones and brain functional-connectivity (FC) using magnetic-resonance-imaging with food cue-reactivity task in 25 obese participants at pre, 1 month, and 6 month after LSG, and compared with 30 normal weight controls. We also used diffusion-tensor-imaging to explore whether LSG increases brain structural-connectivity (SC) of regions involved in food cue-reactivity. LSG significantly decreased BMI, craving for high-calorie food cues, ghrelin, insulin, and leptin levels, and increased self-reported cognitive-control of eating behavior. LSG increased FC between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) and increased SC between DLPFC and ACC at 1 month and 6 month after LSG. Reduction in BMI correlated negatively with increased FC of right DLPFC-pgACC at 1 month and with increased SC of DLPFC-ACC at 1 month and 6 month after LSG. Reduction in craving for high-calorie food cues correlated negatively with increased FC of DLPFC-pgACC at 6 month after LSG. Additionally, SC of DLPFC-ACC mediated the relationship between lower ghrelin levels and greater cognitive control. These findings provide evidence that LSG improved functional and structural connectivity in prefrontal regions, which contribute to enhanced cognitive-control and sustained weight-loss following surgery.
MDER: Multi-Dimensional Event Recommendation in Social Media Context
Authors: Troudi Abir , Ghorbel Leila , Amel Zayani Corinne , Jamoussi Salma , Amous Ikram 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEvents represent a tipping point that affects users’ opinions and vary depending upon their popularity from local to international. Indeed, social media offer users platforms to express their opinions and commitments to events that attract them. However, owing to the volume of data, users are encountering a difficulty to accede to the preferred events according to their features that are stored in their social network profiles. To surmount this limitation, multiple event recommendation systems appeared. Nevertheless, these systems use a limited number of event dimensions and user’s features. Besides, they consider users’ features stored in a single user’s profile and disregard the semantic concept. In this research, an approach for multi-dimensional event recommendation is set forward to recommend events to users resting on several event dimensions (engagement, location, topic, time and popularity) and some user’s features (demographic data, position and user’s/friend’s interests) stored in multi-user’s profiles by considering the semantic relationships between user’s features, specifically user’s interests. The performance of our approach was assessed using error rate measurements (mean absolute error, root mean squared error and cross-validation). Experiment that results on real-world event data sets confirmed that our approach recommends events that fit the user more than the previous approaches with the lowest error rate values.
Important longitudinal and circumferential pulsatile changes in zone 0 of the aorta during the cardiac cycle
Authors: Belvroy Viony M , Zubair M Mujeeb , van Herwaarden Joost A , Trimarchi Santi , Moll Frans L , Bismuth Jean 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Correct stent-graft sizing is important when planning for thoracic endovascular repair in zone 0. As the movements of the aorta are constantly evolving in longitudinal and circumferential directions during the cardiac cycle, the diameter may not be the only important measurement. The aim of this study is to measure the circumferential and longitudinal pulsatile changes throughout the cardiac cycle.

METHODS
Ninety-two patients, who were evaluated for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, were selected for this retrospective study. Their electrocardiogram-gated cardiac computed tomography was analysed. We identified the area, perimeter and diameter of the thoracic aorta in zone 0 and calculated the differences between these parameters at 3 locations in zone 0. The measurements were made in multiplanar views perpendicular to the semi-automatically created centreline in both systolic and diastolic phases.

RESULTS
The mean age of our study cohort was 77 ± 11 years. The mean change between systole and diastole of the area (mm2), perimeter (mm) and diameter (mm) were compared at 3 different locations in the ascending aorta: at the sinotubular junction (0.78 mm2 vs 0.89 mm vs 1.41 mm), mid-ascending (0.72 mm2 vs 0.68 vs 0.81 mm) and proximal edge of the brachiocephalic artery (0.76 mm2 vs 0.73 mm vs 0.73 mm). The change in percentage is the smallest in the area at the sinotubular junction compared to the perimeter and diameter (2.6% vs 3.1% vs 4.7%).

CONCLUSIONS
Changes in measurement of ascending aortic diameter with cardiac cycle are larger than measurement change in the area. This is especially more pronounced in zone 0A. For more accurate information on the morphometric changes, it may be necessary to measure the area when planning for thoracic endovascular repair to maximize results. A prospective study comparing these different measurements regarding the outcomes is advised by the authors to understand the clinical implications.
Correlation between clinical outcome and tissue inflammatory response in kidney transplant recipients with cryptococcosis
Authors: Nishikaku Angela S , Soldá Marcel V , Ricci Giannina , Ponzio Vinicius , Pagliari Carla , Medina-Pestana José O , de Franco Marcello F , Colombo Arnaldo Lopes 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Cryptococcosis is the second most common invasive fungal infection reported in renal transplant recipients. Tissue granulomatous inflammation is necessary to contain Cryptococcus infection. This study aims to analyze the granuloma patterns and in situ expression of regulatory T (Treg) immune response in tissue samples from 12 renal transplant recipients with cryptococcosis. Fungal isolates were molecularly identified as Cryptococcus neoformans species complex. A detailed characterization of granulomas in tissue samples from 12 kidney transplant recipients with cryptococcosis was described by checking six lung and six skin biopsies by conventional histology and for immunohistochemical detection of CD4 and Treg markers: forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming-growth factor (TGF)-β. Granulomas were classified as compact, loose or mixed. Patients with mixed (n = 4) and compact (n = 3) granulomatous inflammation patterns were associated with a better prognosis and presented a higher number of CD4+FoxP3+T cells compared to the group of patients with loose granulomas. In counterpart, three out of five patients with loose granulomas died with cryptococcosis. We suggest that Treg may have a protective role in the tissue response to Cryptococcus infection given its association with compact and mixed granulomas in patients with better clinical outcomes.
A single-gene approach for the subspecies classification of Mycobacteroides abscessus
Authors: Ng Hien Fuh , Ngeow Yun Fong 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The subspecies classification of Mycobacteroides abscessus complex into M. abscessus, M. massiliense and M. bolletii requires the amplification and sequencing of multiple genes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of subspecies classification using a single PCR target. An in silico study was performed to classify 1613 strains deposited in a public database using 9 genes (partial gene sequences of hsp65, rpoB, sodA, argH, cya, glpK, gnd, and murC, and the full gene sequence of MAB_3542c). We found the housekeeping gene gnd to be able to classify the M. abscessus subspecies with high accuracy (99.94%). A single-gene PCR approach based on gnd would be a suitable replacement for the more expensive, labor-intensive and time-consuming multi-gene PCR analysis currently in use for the subspecies identification of M. abscessus.
Application of electronic nose and GC–MS for detection of strawberries with vibrational damage
Authors: Rao Jingshan , Zhang Yuchen , Yang Zhichao , Li Shaojia , Wu Di , Sun Chongde , Chen Kunsong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated the potential of using electronic nose (e-nose) technology to non-destructively detect strawberry fruits with vibrational damage based on their volatile substances (VOCs).Materials and methodsFour groups of strawberries with different durations of vibrations (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 h) were prepared, and their e-nose signals were collected at 0, 1, 2, and 3 days after vibration treatment.ResultsThe results showed that when the samples from all four sampling days during storage were used for modelling, both the levels of vibrational damage and the day after the damage happened were accurately predicted. The best models had residual prediction deviation values of 2.984 and 5.478. The discrimination models for damaged strawberries also obtained good classification results, with an average correct answer rate of calibration and prediction of 99.24%. When the samples from each sampling day or vibration time were used for modelling, better results were obtained, but these models were not suitable for an actual situation. The gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry results showed that the VOCs of the strawberries varied after experiencing vibrations, which was the basis for e-nose detection.LimitationsThe changes in VOCs released by other forces should be studied in the future.ConclusionsThe above results showed the potential use of e-nose technology to detect strawberries that have suffered vibrational damage.
Group Lifestyle Phone Maintenance for Weight, Health, and Physical Function in Adults Aged 65–80 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Venditti Elizabeth M , Marcus Marsha D , Miller Rachel G , Arena Vincent C , Greenspan Susan L , Rockette-Wagner Bonny 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Group lifestyle sessions with phone maintenance could improve weight, health, and function in vulnerable older adults.

Methods
Community-dwelling adults (N = 322) with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) ≥27 and additional risk factors received 12 one-hour in-person behavioral weight management group sessions then were randomized to 8 half-hour telephone sessions (n = 162) or newsletter control (n = 160) from 4 to 12 months with no treatment contact thereafter. Primary outcome was 0- to 12-month weight change. Cardiometabolic, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and self-reported activity changes were assessed at 12 and 24 months.

Results
At baseline, the mean (SD) age was 71.2 (4.3) and BMI was 33.8 (5.1). Participants were 77% women, 13% Black, 85% retired, averaging 4 medical conditions, and taking blood pressure (67.4%) and lipid-lowering (51.6%) medications. At 12 months, a greater proportion of the phone group (66.0%) achieved ≥5% weight loss compared with newsletter control (53.2%; p = .02). Mean (95% CI) weight loss was greater for phone (−6.6 kg [−7.5, −5.8]) than newsletter (−5.1 kg [−7.2, −3.0]); p = .01. Modest lipid, glucose, and blood pressure improvements were found, but did not differ significantly between groups. Small SPPB and activity improvements were maintained at 12 and 24 months in both groups.

Conclusions
Brief phone contacts compared to newsletters enhanced weight loss maintenance among older high-risk adults at 1 year, but not cardiometabolic outcomes. Modest functional improvements were observed in both. Lower-intensity maintenance contacts (phone or newsletter) for weight, health, and physical function in older adults warrant further study.

Clinical Trials Registration Number
NCT03192475
Association Between Long-Term Aspirin Use and Frailty in Men: The Physicians’ Health Study
Authors: Orkaby Ariela R , Yang Laiji , Dufour Alyssa B , Travison Thomas G , Sesso Howard D , Driver Jane A , Djousse Luc , Gaziano J Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic inflammation may lead to frailty, however the potential for anti-inflammatory medications such as aspirin to prevent frailty is unknown. We sought to examine the association between long-term aspirin use and prevalent frailty.

Methods
We included 12 101 men ≥60 years who participated in the Physicians’ Health Study I, a completed aspirin randomized controlled trial (1982–1989). Annual questionnaires collected self-reported data on daily aspirin use, lifestyle, and clinical variables. Average aspirin use was summed into 2 categories: ≤60 days/year and &gt;60 days/year. Frailty was assessed using a 33-item index 11 years after trial completion. A score of ≥0.21 was considered frail. Propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting was used for statistical control of confounding. Logistic regression models estimated odds of frailty as a function of categories of average aspirin use.

Results
Mean age was 70.5 years (range 60–101). Following an average of 11 ± 0.6 years of follow-up, aspirin use was reported as ≤60 days/year for 15%; 2413 participants (20%) were frail. Frequency of aspirin use was associated with smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, but negatively associated with bleeding and Coumadin use. The odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for frailty was 0.85 (0.76–0.96) for average aspirin use &gt;60 days/year versus aspirin use ≤60 days/year. Results were similar using an alternate definition of frailty.

Conclusions
Long-term regular aspirin use is inversely associated with frailty among older men, even after consideration of multimorbidity and health behaviors. Work is needed to understand the role of medications with anti-inflammatory properties on aging.
Caring for Older Adults With Vision Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Varadaraj Varshini , Chung Shang-En , Swiatek Kayla S , Sheehan Orla C , Deemer Ashley , Ehrlich Joshua R , Wolff Jennifer L , Assi Lama , Roth David L , Swenor Bonnielin K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Dementia and vision impairment (VI) are common among older adults but little is known about caregiving in this context.

Research Design and Methods
We used data from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative survey of Medicare beneficiaries, linked to their family/unpaid helpers from the National Study of Caregiving. Vision impairment was defined as self-reported blindness or difficulty with distance/near vision. Probable dementia was based on survey report, interviews, and cognitive tests. Our outcomes included hours of care provided, and number of valued activities (scored 0–4) affected by caregiving, per month.

Results
Among 1,776 caregivers, 898 (55.1%, weighted) assisted older adults without dementia or VI, 450 (21.9%) with dementia only, 224 (13.0%) with VI only, and 204 (10.0%) with dementia and VI. In fully adjusted negative binomial regression analyses, caregivers of individuals with dementia and VI spent 1.7 times as many hours (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4–2.2) providing care than caregivers of those without either impairment; however, caregivers of individuals with dementia only (95% CI = 1.1–1.6) and VI only (95% CI = 1.1–1.6) spent 1.3 times more hours. Additionally, caregivers of individuals with dementia and VI had 3.2 times as many valued activities affected (95% CI = 2.2–4.6), while caregivers of dementia only and VI only reported 1.9 times (95% CI = 1.4–2.6) and 1.3 times (95% CI = 0.9–1.8) more activities affected, respectively.

Discussion and Implications
Our results suggest that caring for older adults with VI involves similar time demands as caring for older adults with dementia, but that participation impacts are greater when caring for older adults with both dementia and VI.
The Aging Experiences of LGBTQ Ethnic Minority Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Jinwen , McLaren Helen , Jones Michelle , Shams Lida 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
In gerontological research and practice, an increasing amount of attention is being paid to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) older people and how their experiences differ from their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. However, LGBTQ older adults themselves are not a homogenous group. Moreover, as the immigrant populations in industrialized nations age, the number of LGBTQ older adults from ethnic minority backgrounds will only grow. This systematic review hence investigates the experiences of LGBTQ ethnic minority older adults.

Research Design and Methods
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, we conducted a systematic search in 5 databases for English peer-reviewed studies. The retrieved articles were coded and analyzed inductively using an intersectional framework to tease out the varying influences of ethnicity, age, gender, and sexual identity on the LGBTQ ethnic minority older adults’ experiences.

Results
A total of 30 articles across 21 studies (13 qualitative, 7 quantitative, and 1 mixed-methods) were identified. Six key themes emerged from the studies: stigma and discrimination; isolation, support and belonging; interactions with services and institutions; self-acceptance, resilience, and agency; mental health and well-being; and uncertain futures.

Discussion and Implications
The experiences of LGBTQ ethnic minority older adults echo those of LGBTQ ethnic majority older adults when they are shaped by gender and sexual identity factors. Nevertheless, significant differences in experiences—both positive and negative—emerge when cultural and ethnicity-related factors come to the fore. These findings emphasize the need for intersectional aging policies and services that go beyond catering for LGBTQ older adults to include the diversity within this subpopulation.