bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress and burnout in teaching. Study in an inclusive school workplace
Authors: Candeias Adelinda , Galindo Edgar , Calisto Inês , Borralho Liberata , Reschke Konrad 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundTeaching is a profession associated with high levels of stress and burnout, affecting teachers’ performance in the workplace. The main goal of the current study is to investigate stress and burnout conditions of teachers working presently in inclusive schools and the corresponding influence of personal variables.Participants and procedureParticipants were 7086 regular teachers, or non-specialists, and 442 special education teachers, or specialists (N = 7528).ResultsNon-specialist teachers showed higher levels of burnout than specialist teachers in inclusive schools. Addition-ally, the results showed that higher levels of burnout are correlated with vulnerability to stress (perfectionism, inhibition, lack of social support, adverse living conditions, dramatization of existence and subjugation), in both groups of teachers. Non-specialists with more professional experience showed a high global score on burnout. In both groups, teachers with a higher level of training (academic degree and specialization) showed lesser vulnerability to stress, especially lower dependence. Concerning the predictors of burnout, vulnerability to stress played an important role as a predictor in both groups, suggesting that more vulnerable teachers are more prone to develop burnout, fatigue and exhaustion.ConclusionsStress emerges as an important predictor of burnout. Non-specialist teachers are more exposed to burnout and stress in an inclusive workplace, because they have to deal with new demands, requiring new resources, espe-cially new professional skills. On the other hand, teachers with more academic and professional training show higher resilience to stress and more independence, suggesting the crucial value of training to improve an in-clusive school workplace. Training can have an important impact on stress/burnout and consequently on the professional performance and efficacy of teachers in inclusive schools.
The spectrum of multimodality imaging findings in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and the potential role of diffusion-weighted imaging
in its characterisation
Authors: Parry Arshed H. , Wani Abdul H. , Feroz Imza 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionTo study the spectrum of imaging findings in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) and to evaluate the potential role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in its characterisation.Material and methodsTwo radiologists with more than seven years of experience retrospectively studied ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 23 histopathologically proven cases of HAE with emphasis on the appearance and extent of disease. DWI characteristics of lesions were noted, and their apparent diffusion values (ADC) were calculated.ResultsUltrasonography features of HAE included heterogeneous, hyperechoic hepatic mass with or without calcification (n = 20), or heterogeneous mass with solid-cystic appearance (n = 2). CT revealed heterogeneous density infiltrative hepatic mass with no contrast enhancement in 19 patients or thick-walled cystic mass (n = 4). Following Kodama classification one type 1, six type 2, two type 3, eight type 4, and two type 5 lesions were identified on T2-weighted MRI. No enhancement was seen on post-contrast T1-weighted images. Mean ADC values were
1.74 ± 0.48 × 10-3 mm2/s (range: 1.39 × 10-3 mm2/s to 2.3 × 10-3 mm2/s).ConclusionsHAE by virtue of its infiltrative growth pattern with a tendency to involve biliary, vascular, and extra hepatic structures can be easily misdiagnosed as malignant hepatic neoplasm. Knowledge of varied imaging appearances of HAE is essential to suspect the condition and to make an appropriate diagnosis. Diffusion-weighted imaging is a useful adjunct with relatively high diffusivity (high ADC values) suggesting diagnosis of alveolar hydatid.
The risk of renal function deterioration in abdominal aortic stent graft patients with and without previous kidney function failure – an analysis of risk factors
Authors: Urbanek Tomasz , Biolik Grzegorz , Zelawski Wojciech , Hapeta Beata , Juśko Maciej , Kuczmik Waclaw 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionKidney failure influences the treatment outcomes of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). A prospective study of renal function before and after aortic stent-graft treatment was performed. Special attention was paid to the influence of preoperative kidney function as well as the impact of the radiological follow-up.Material and methodsA total of 214 endovascularly treated AAA patients were included. In all cases, pre- and postope­rative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine were noted. Patients were prospectively followed up for a minimum of two years.ResultsThe baseline eGFR was 69.38 ± 16.29 ml/min/1.73 m2. Chronic kidney disease at baseline was noted in 29% of patients. In the direct postoperative period, acute kidney injury was identified in 8.4% of cases. Additional endo­vascular procedures within two years of observation were performed in 5.6% of cases, and over the two years of follow-up, in the study group from one to six angio-computed tomographic scans (angio-CT) per patient were performed. The mean eGFR value after the 24-month follow-up was significantly lower than the preoperative value. Among the factors influencing kidney function, an angio-CT during the same hospital stay of the primary stent-graft procedures was identified. The type of stent-graft, contrast volume during the primary procedure, need for reintervention, concomitant disease presence, and statin use did not show statistical significance.ConclusionsAngio-CT followed by stent-graft implantation over a short time interval (within the same hospitalisation) significantly worsened renal function in the late follow-up and should be avoided in elective AAA cases.
Ocular manifestations in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kozikowska Małgorzata , Luboń Wojciech , Kucharz Eugeniusz , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa 
Published: January 2021

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, chronic autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Its prominent features are fibrosis, vasculopathy and impaired immune response. Disease can also affect eyes leading to various findings in ophthalmological examination. <br />
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and type of ocular involvement in patients with SSc. A systematic literature review was conducted using electronic databases. A combination of following keywords was used: “systemic sclerosis” and ophthalmology-related search terms, including the keywords “eye”, “ocular” and “ophthalmic”. <br />
In conclusion, eyelid and conjunctival abnormalities and dry eye disease are among the most common ocular manifestations of SSc. Their diversity is connected to complexity of the disease.
The effects of plastic slatted floor and a deep- litter system on the growth performance of hybrid Pekin ducks
Authors: Eratalar Sabri Arda 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of
plastic slatted floors and a deep-litter system using wood shavings on the
growth performance of current commercial hybrid Pekin ducks. A total of 96 Pekin ducks (Star 53) were reared for 42 d. Live weight, live-weight
gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, and
water ∕ feed consumption ratio were investigated as the performance criteria.
With the use of plastic slatted floors, the feed conversion rate dropped and
the water ∕ feed consumption ratio showed an incline (p<0.05). This
is a very favourable result for the poultry industry and growers. The
remaining parameters did not change by altering the ground system (p>0.05). Generally, it can be stated that plastic slatted floor
use has advantages concerning the performance criteria of the feed consumption
ratio and the water ∕ feed consumption ratio in comparison to the deep-litter
system. Furthermore, improvement in the feed conversion ratio is known to
benefit the overall performance of poultry as well as having a positive
economic impact. It should also be noted that as the birds grew, they were
visually less stained, which is another important factor determining feather
quality. However, this should be further investigated in future research.
Robust statistical calibration and characterization of portable low-cost air quality monitoring sensors to quantify real-time O3 and NO2 concentrations in diverse environments
Authors: Sahu Ravi , Nagal Ayush , Dixit Kuldeep Kumar , Unnibhavi Harshavardhan , Mantravadi Srikanth , Nair Srijith , Simmhan Yogesh , Mishra Brijesh , Zele Rajesh , Sutaria Ronak , Motghare Vidyanand Motiram , Kar Purushottam , Tripathi Sachchida Nand 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Low-cost sensors offer an attractive solution to the challenge of establishing affordable and dense spatio-temporal air quality monitoring networks with greater mobility and lower maintenance costs. These low-cost sensors offer reasonably consistent measurements but require in-field calibration to improve agreement with regulatory instruments. In this paper, we report the results of a deployment and calibration study on a network of six air quality monitoring devices built using the Alphasense O3 (OX-B431) and NO2 (NO2-B43F) electrochemical gas sensors. The sensors were deployed in two phases over a period of 3 months at sites situated within two megacities with diverse geographical, meteorological and air quality parameters. A unique feature of our deployment is a swap-out experiment wherein three of these sensors were relocated to different sites in the two phases. This gives us a unique opportunity to study the effect of seasonal, as well as geographical, variations on calibration performance. We report an extensive study of more than a dozen parametric and non-parametric calibration algorithms. We propose a novel local non-parametric calibration algorithm based on metric learning that offers, across deployment sites and phases, an R2 coefficient of up to 0.923 with respect to reference values for O3 calibration and up to 0.819 for NO2 calibration. This represents a 4–20 percentage point increase in terms of R2 values offered by classical non-parametric methods. We also offer a critical analysis of the effect of various data preparation and model design choices on calibration performance. The key recommendations emerging out of this study include (1) incorporating ambient relative humidity and temperature into calibration models; (2) assessing the relative importance of various features with respect to the calibration task at hand, by using an appropriate feature-weighing or metric-learning technique; (3) using local calibration techniques such as k nearest neighbors (KNN); (4) performing temporal smoothing over raw time series data but being careful not to do so too aggressively; and (5) making all efforts to ensure that data with enough diversity are demonstrated in the calibration algorithm while training to ensure good generalization. These results offer insights into the strengths and limitations of these sensors and offer an encouraging opportunity to use them to supplement and densify compliance regulatory monitoring networks.
Developing a hydrological monitoring and sub-seasonal to seasonal forecasting system for South and Southeast Asian river basins
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Zaitchik Benjamin F. , Kumar Sujay V. , Arsenault Kristi R. , Matin Mir A. , Qamer Faisal M. , Zamora Ryan A. , Shakya Kiran 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. South and Southeast Asia is subject to significant
hydrometeorological extremes, including drought. Under rising temperatures,
growing populations, and an apparent weakening of the South Asian monsoon in
recent decades, concerns regarding drought and its potential impacts on
water and food security are on the rise. Reliable sub-seasonal to seasonal
(S2S) hydrological forecasts could, in principle, help governments and
international organizations to better assess risk and act in the face of an
oncoming drought. Here, we leverage recent improvements in S2S
meteorological forecasts and the growing power of Earth observations to
provide more accurate monitoring of hydrological states for forecast
initialization. Information from both sources is merged in a South and
Southeast Asia sub-seasonal to seasonal hydrological forecasting system
(SAHFS-S2S), developed collaboratively with the NASA SERVIR program and
end users across the region. This system applies the
Noah-Multiparameterization (NoahMP) Land Surface Model (LSM) in the NASA
Land Information System (LIS), driven by downscaled meteorological fields
from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) and Climate Hazards InfraRed
Precipitation products (CHIRP and CHIRPS) to optimize initial conditions.
The NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Model sub-seasonal to seasonal
(GEOS-S2S) forecasts, downscaled using the National Center for Atmospheric
Research (NCAR) General Analog Regression Downscaling (GARD) tool and
quantile mapping, are then applied to drive 5 km resolution hydrological
forecasts to a 9-month forecast time horizon. Results show that the skillful
predictions of root zone soil moisture can be made 1 to 2 months in
advance for forecasts initialized in rainy seasons and up to 8 months when
initialized in dry seasons. The memory of accurate initial conditions can
positively contribute to forecast skills throughout the entire 9-month
prediction period in areas with limited precipitation. This SAHFS-S2S has
been operationalized at the International Centre for Integrated Mountain
Development (ICIMOD) to support drought monitoring and warning needs in the
region.
Assessment of probability distributions and analysis of the minimum storage draft rate in the equatorial region
Authors: Hasan Hasrul Hazman , Mohd Razali Siti Fatin , Muhammad Nur Shazwani , Mohamad Hamzah Firdaus 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Rapid urbanization in the state of Selangor, Malaysia,
has led to a change in the land use, physical properties of basins,
vegetation cover and impermeable surface water. These changes have affected
the pattern and processes of the hydrological cycle, resulting in the ability
of the basin region to store water supply to decline. Reliability on water
supply from river basins depends on their low-flow characteristics. The
impacts of minimum storage on hydrological drought are yet to be
incorporated and assessed. Thus, this study aims to understand the concept
of low-flow drought characteristics and the predictive significance of
river storage draft rates in managing sustainable water catchment. In this
study, the long-term streamflow data of 40 years from seven stations in
Selangor were used, and the streamflow trends were analyzed. Low-flow
frequency analysis was derived using the Weibull plotting position and four
specific frequency distributions. Maximum likelihood was used to
parameterize, while Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests were used to evaluate their fit
to the dataset. The mass curve was used to quantify the minimum storage
draft rate required to maintain the 50 % mean annual flow for the 10-year
recurrence interval of low flow. Next, low-flow river discharges were
analyzed using the 7 d mean annual minimum, while the drought event was determined
using the 90th percentile (Q90) as the threshold level. The inter-event
time and moving average was employed to remove the dependent and minor
droughts in determining the drought characteristics. The result of the
study shows that the lognormal (2P) distribution was found to be the best
fit for low-flow frequency analysis to derive the low-flow return period. This
analysis reveals September to December to be a critical period in river
water storage to sustain the water availability during low flow in a 10-year
occurrence interval. These findings indicated that hydrological droughts have
generally become more critical in the availability of rivers to sustain
water demand during low flows. These results can help in emphasizing the
natural flow of water to provide water supply for continuous use during low
flow.
A low-cost method for monitoring snow characteristics at remote field sites
Authors: Tutton Rosamond J. , Way Robert G. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The lack of spatially distributed snow depth measurements in
natural environments is a challenge worldwide. These data gaps are of
particular relevance in northern regions such as coastal Labrador where
changes to snow conditions directly impact Indigenous livelihoods, local
vegetation, permafrost distribution and wildlife habitat. This problem is
exacerbated by the lack of cost-efficient and reliable snow observation
methods available to researchers studying cryosphere–vegetation interactions in remote regions. We propose a new method termed snow characterization with
light and temperature (SCLT) for estimating snow depth using vertically
arranged multivariate (light and temperature) data loggers. To test this new
approach, six snow stakes outfitted with SCLT loggers were installed in
forested and tundra ecotypes in Arctic and subarctic Labrador. The results
from 1 year of field measurement indicate that daily maximum light
intensity (lux) at snow-covered sensors is diminished by more than an order
of magnitude compared to uncovered sensors. This contrast enables
differentiation between snow coverage at different sensor heights and allows
for robust determination of daily snow heights throughout the year. Further
validation of SCLT and the inclusion of temperature determinants is needed
to resolve ambiguities with thresholds for snow detection and to elucidate
the impacts of snow density on retrieved light and temperature profiles.
However, the results presented in this study suggest that the proposed
technique represents a significant improvement over prior methods for snow
depth characterization at remote field sites in terms of practicality,
simplicity and versatility.
The Implication of the Strategic Implementation Style and Middle Management Effort in Public Organization Strategic Management Implementation and Its Organizational Performance
Authors: Kombate Bienmali , Emmanuel Muganga , Richard Kouadio Konan 
Published: January 2021

Strategic management implementation in public sector study has nowadays become the most commonly researched area among public administration scholars and researchers. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no attempt to investigate the influence of the implementation style and the middle management on the Strategic Management Implementation (SMI) and organizational performance (OP). There is a paucity of studies that have been undertaken in developing countries. This study aims to fulfil this research gap, investigated in the moderated mediation effect of the combination of the implementation style and middle management effort in the relationship between SMI and OP. The study data was collected on a sample of 468 public managers in the Togolese central government organizations. The findings show that public organisations that opt for logical implementation style in its program implementation result in a non-significant estimate at the mean and 1SD below the middle management effort (W). However, in the organization that applies incremental implementation style in its program implementation, the estimates at mean, 1SD below and 1SD above the mean of the W are all statistically significant. Developing country public sector organisations characterized by traditional bureaucracy and lack of administrative reform program implementation that opt for logical implementation style will likely decrease performance.
Chimpanseepolitie?
Authors: Adang Otto 
Published: January 2021

Chimpanzee police? The sense and use of comparisons between humans and other animals
People like to make comparisons between humans and other animals when they think a comparison helps them to make a point (e.g. that some human behavior can or cannot be considered to be ‘natural’) or to have a laugh when animals act in ways that are seen as funny or cute. There are a lot of misunderstandings about the feasibility of these kinds of comparisons and this chapter deals with the way in which meaningful use can be made of studies into animal behavior, using research into chimpanzee behavior (and specifically research into chimpanzee conflict regulation) as an example. The conclusion is that there are three ways in which ethological studies into non-human animal behavior can be relevant for an increased understanding of human behavior: by using ethological methods of systematic observation, by asking relevant research questions and by generating new hypotheses.
Ultra-High Performance and Low-Cost Architecture of Discrete Wavelet Transforms
Authors: Chehaitly Mouhamad , Tabaa Mohamed , Monteiro Fabrice , Saadaoui Safa , Dandache Abbas 
Published: January 2021

This work targets the challenging issue to produce high throughput and low-cost configurable architecture of Discrete wavelet transforms (DWT). More specifically, it proposes a new hardware architecture of the first and second generation of DWT using a modified multi-resolution tree. This approach is based on serializations and interleaving of data between different stages. The designed architecture is massively parallelized and sharing hardware between low-pass and high-pass filters in the wavelet transformation algorithm. Consequently, to process data in high speed and decrease hardware usage. The different steps of the post/pre-synthesis configurable algorithm are detailed in this paper. A modulization in VHDL at RTL level and implementation of the designed architecture on FPGA technology in a NexysVideo board (Artix 7 FPGA) are done in this work, where the performance, the configurability and the generic of our architecture are highly enhanced. The implementation results indicate that our proposed architectures provide a very high-speed data processing with low needed resources. As an example, with the parameters depth order equal 2, filter order equal 2, order quantization equal 5 and a parallel degree P = 16, we reach a bit rate around 3160 Mega samples per second with low used of logic elements (≈400) and logic registers (≈700).
Concentrations of Heavy Metals as Proxies of Marine Pollution along Nellore Coast of South District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Pramod Kumar Madri , Lakshmi Prasad Tella , Nagalakshmi Kothapalli , Jayaraju Nadimikeri , Lakshmanna Ballari 
Published: January 2021

Bottom sediment samples from six stations were sampled in pre monsoon 2016, from the Govindampalli – Durgarajupatnam (GP-DP) coast. Heavy metals viz., Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cd analysis was carried out by using ICP-OES, and the average concentrations are as follows Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd. Various environmental indices like Factor Analysis (FA), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were applied to the chemical data in order to know the levels of contamination and factors contributing to the pollution. Correlation coefficient results exhibits significant positive and negative relationships among Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd. All the environmental indices suggest that heavy metals were present at higher concentrations and the impacts of anthropogenic activities are crucial that serves as source of heavy metals in the zone. Relatively, maximum number of heavy metals viz., Fe, Ni and Pb were accumulated at the brackish environment i.e., at confluence of Swarnamukhi river (GP-S Station).