bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VALOR2: characterization of large-scale structural variants using linked-reads
Authors: Karaoğlanoğlu Fatih , Ricketts Camir , Ebren Ezgi , Rasekh Marzieh Eslami , Hajirasouliha Iman , Alkan Can 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMost existing methods for structural variant detection focus on discovery and genotyping of deletions, insertions, and mobile elements. Detection of balanced structural variants with no gain or loss of genomic segments, for example, inversions and translocations, is a particularly challenging task. Furthermore, there are very few algorithms to predict the insertion locus of large interspersed segmental duplications and characterize translocations. Here, we propose novel algorithms to characterize large interspersed segmental duplications, inversions, deletions, and translocations using linked-read sequencing data. We redesign our earlier algorithm, VALOR, and implement our new algorithms in a new software package, called VALOR2.
Feasibility of a paediatric radiology escape room for undergraduate education
Authors: Liu Chantal , Patel Raeesa , Ogunjinmi Bukola , Briffa Corey , Allain-Chapman Miranda , Coffey Josephine , Kallam Neha , Leung Marco Shiu Tsun , Lim Annabelle , Shamsad Sabina , El-Sharnouby Farah , Tsang Emily , Whitehead Jennifer , Bretherton Josephine , Ramsay Lauren , Shelmerdine Susan C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a paediatric radiology themed escape room session for undergraduate education and secondly, to determine participant satisfaction and improvement in knowledge.MethodsA paediatric radiology escape room with accompanying tutorial was developed around key learning objectives set within the RCR and ESR undergraduate curriculum. Students were recruited from two different universities and undertook the escape room themed teaching. An 8-question single best answer (SBA) test was completed before, immediately after and at 2 weeks post-teaching to determine participant improvement and retention of knowledge. The general feedback was also collected.ResultsThe escape room sessions were held three times, for 19 students (6–7 students per session). All groups completed the escape room in ≤ 20 min. Students enjoyed the experience, assigning an average satisfaction score of 9.4/10 (range 7–10). The majority (17/19, 89.5%) preferred this method of teaching to a lecture-based tutorial alone, although all said they found the tutorial component useful. For the SBA test, there was an average increase in 3.6 marks (range 1–6 marks) per participant between before and after the escape room. This improved knowledge was mostly sustained after 2 weeks, with an average increase of 3.4 marks difference (range 1 to 6) per participant compared to before the teaching.ConclusionsA paediatric radiology themed escape room is a feasible teaching method, enjoyed by participants and associated with an increase in radiological knowledge. Further work with larger sample size and direct comparison with other traditional teaching methods is required.
Enabling community-based metrology for wood-degrading fungi
Authors: Perez Rolando , Luccioni Marina , Kamakaka Rohinton , Clamons Samuel , Gaut Nathaniel , Stirling Finn , Adamala Katarzyna P. , Silver Pamela A. , Endy Drew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Lignocellulosic biomass could support a greatly-expanded bioeconomy. Current strategies for using biomass typically rely on single-cell organisms and extensive ancillary equipment to produce precursors for downstream manufacturing processes. Alternative forms of bioproduction based on solid-state fermentation and wood-degrading fungi could enable more direct means of manufacture. However, basic methods for cultivating wood-degrading fungi are often ad hoc and not readily reproducible. Here, we developed standard reference strains, substrates, measurements, and methods sufficient to begin to enable reliable reuse of mycological materials and products in simple laboratory settings.

Results
We show that a widely-available and globally-regularized consumer product (Pringles™) can support the growth of wood-degrading fungi, and that growth on Pringles™-broth can be correlated with growth on media made from a fully-traceable and compositionally characterized substrate (National Institute of Standards and Technology Reference Material 8492 Eastern Cottonwood Whole Biomass Feedstock). We also establish a Relative Extension Unit (REU) framework that is designed to reduce variation in quantification of radial growth measurements. So enabled, we demonstrate that five laboratories were able to compare measurements of wood-fungus performance via a simple radial extension growth rate assay, and that our REU-based approach reduced variation in reported measurements by up to ~ 75%.

Conclusions
Reliable reuse of materials, measures, and methods is necessary to enable distributed bioproduction processes that can be adopted at all scales, from local to industrial. Our community-based measurement methods incentivize practitioners to coordinate the reuse of standard materials, methods, strains, and to share information supporting work with wood-degrading fungi.
Prescribed fire science: the case for a refined research agenda
Authors: Hiers J. Kevin , O’Brien Joseph J. , Varner J. Morgan , Butler Bret W. , Dickinson Matthew , Furman James , Gallagher Michael , Godwin David , Goodrick Scott L. , Hood Sharon M. , Hudak Andrew , Kobziar Leda N. , Linn Rodman , Loudermilk E. Louise , McCaffrey Sarah , Robertson Kevin , Rowell Eric M. , Skowronski Nicholas , Watts Adam C. , Yedinak Kara M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe realm of wildland fire science encompasses both wild and prescribed fires. Most of the research in the broader field has focused on wildfires, however, despite the prevalence of prescribed fires and demonstrated need for science to guide its application. We argue that prescribed fire science requires a fundamentally different approach to connecting related disciplines of physical, natural, and social sciences. We also posit that research aimed at questions relevant to prescribed fire will improve overall wildland fire science and stimulate the development of useful knowledge about managed wildfires. Because prescribed fires are increasingly promoted and applied for wildfire management and are intentionally ignited to meet policy and land manager objectives, a broader research agenda incorporating the unique features of prescribed fire is needed. We highlight the primary differences between prescribed fire science and wildfire science in the study of fuels, fire behavior, fire weather, fire effects, and fire social science. Wildfires managed for resource benefits (“managed wildfires”) offer a bridge for linking these science frameworks. A recognition of the unique science needs related to prescribed fire will be key to addressing the global challenge of managing wildland fire for long-term sustainability of natural resources.
The Prediction of Professional Success in Apprenticeship: The Role of Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Abilities, of Interests and Personality
Authors: Diedrich Jennifer , Neubauer Aljoscha C. , Ortner Anna 
Published: March 2020

Context: We addressed the issue of person-job-fit by focussing on both professional success and work satisfaction. Publications studying the predictive validity of (cognitive) ability, personality, or vocational interest alone have shown relationships with professional success or work satisfaction for each predictor separately. Nevertheless, these predictors have rarely been studied simultaneously. Methods: To this end we tested the incremental validity of abilities, traits, and interests in a sample from diverse occupations: In 648 apprentices and students from five different branches (Food, Tech, People, Office, Craft) the (incremental) contributions of 3 intelligence factors (verbal, numerical, spatial), 3 alternative abilities (social-emotional, creative, practical), 4 conscientiousness facets, other big five factors (O, E, A, N), and of 14 professional interests were analysed regarding prediction of GPA in professional schools and school/job satisfaction. Results: Intelligence and conscientiousness were best predictors, followed by social-emotional competence and interests, whereas other traits provided marginal contributions. Predictors varied between branches, mostly following expectations. The test battery allowed a very good prediction of apprenticeship success (max. 37%), but for some branches prediction was considerably lower.Conclusion: Criteria for person-job-fit are not swappable, neither are the predictors. Professional success was mostly predicted by a different predictor set -namely ability and the personality dimension of conscientiousness- then satisfaction, which was mostly predicted by non-interest in a certain occupation. As a practical implication, we conclude that choosing the right candidate for a certain branch one needs to use a broad set of predictor variables. Besides cognitive ability also personality and vocational interests had predictive validity for an individuals person-job-fit.
Attracting women into male-dominated trades: Views of young women in Australia
Authors: Struthers Karen , Strachan Glenda 
Published: March 2020

Context: The persistent low female participation in male-dominated trades is not attracting a high level of public attention and policy action. There are determined, yet adhoc actions by advocates in response to evidence that economic benefits will be derived for industry and women through increased female participation in the male-dominated trades. Occupational segregation of the trades remains resistant to change.
Methods: To better understand the barriers limiting female participation in the male-dominated trades from the perspective of young women, this PhD study features interviews with female secondary students, complemented by interviews with industry stakeholders and a quantitative analysis of VET and trade participation data. The three primary research questions are: 1) What is the extent of gender segregation in vocational education and training (VET) and typically male-dominated trades in Australia, and how does this compare internationally? 2) Why do very few female students choose male-dominated trades as their job pathway? 3) What can be done, particularly in the education and training sectors, to increase female interest in, and take-up of, the male-dominated trades?
Findings: The results of this research showed that the composition of trade-qualified females in male-dominated trades is persistently low at 2-3%. The views of young women affirmed the evidence showing system-wide barriers limit female interest in these trades. Most influential is that gender stereotypes of work are set by Year 10 and that female enrolment in Maths (a pre-requisite for male-dominated careers) is low; these trades are seen as “jobs for the boys who don’t do academic,” and the fear of intimidation and harassment deters young women. Low enrolment of female students in male-dominated trade courses indicates that this entrenched occupational segregation of the trades will remain resistant to change for some time to come.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that ad hoc responses to overcome gender segregation of the trades is not effective. Influenced by systems theory and a social ecological model (SEM) of change, the researchers promote the need for sustained, nation-wide awareness and action involving VET and school sectors, industry, government and trade unions to attract more women into male-dominated trades.
Cross-country comparison of engagement in apprenticeships: A conceptual analysis of incentives for individuals and firms
Authors: Chankseliani Maia , Anuar Aizuddin Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: A fundamental assumption of the apprenticeship model is that there are benefits to both employers and individual learners. This paper offers a broad conceptual interrogation of an inherent assumption in the apprenticeship model, in that it provides incentives for participation to both individual learners and employers.
Approach: This study combines the analysis of literature and available data and draws upon apprenticeship models in ten nations: Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Egypt, England, Finland, Germany, India, Malaysia and South Africa.
Findings: For individuals, incentives to undertake apprenticeship may be linked to the process and outcomes of that learning, such as the appeal of learning through doing; the opportunities for occupational socialization; the possibility of progression to employment or to additional education; and learning while earning. The analysis of incentives for employers shows a range of reasons related to their short-term interests and the needs of the production processes, technologies, and associated skills; longer-term benefits for the company’s staffing strategy; and the opportunity to make a contribution to the wider education and economic systems. Despite all the potential incentives, many firms consider apprenticeships too costly, risky, and complex to justify the investment. However, when firms are making decisions under the umbrella of chambers or associations, they are more likely to coordinate their skills investment strategies around collectively beneficial outcomes.
Conclusion: The links to the labour market and specifically to employers are a key challenge for sustaining apprenticeship systems, as well as for the task of researching them. As such, policy maker (and researcher) engagement with apprenticeship should account for the capacity and commitment of employers. Another key challenge for apprenticeship is related to the relative attractiveness of this pathway within E&T and labour market system for individuals. What is clear from this study is that the development of a strong apprenticeship system requires the buy-in of both employers and individual learners, and as such the necessity to identify and effectively implement incentives cannot be underestimated. Governments can play a key role in realizing the potential incentives for both employers and learners, thereby yielding benefits of all parties engaged in apprenticeships.
HETEROTOPIEN IN DER UKRAINISCHEN GEGENWARTSPROSA (JURIJ ANDRUCHOVYČ, SERHIJ ŽADAN UND VJAČESLAV ŠNAJDER)
Authors: Bigun Borys , Martin Erik 
Published: March 2020

Borys Bigun, Erik Martin, HETEROTOPIEN IN DER UKRAINISCHEN GEGENWARTSPROSA (JURIJ ANDRUCHOVYČ, SERHIJ ŽADAN UND VJAČESLAV ŠNAJDER).„PORÓWNANIA” 1 (24), 2019. T. XXIV, S. 45-53. ISSN 1733-165X.
Der Begriff der „Heterotopie“, der von Michel Foucault in seinem Aufsatz „Andere Räume“ entworfen wurde, gehört zu den am häufigsten verwendeten Konzepten der aktuellen Raumwissenschaften. Literarisch-künstlerische Heterotopien fixieren eine Destruktion des homogenen sozialen Raumes, in deren Verlauf das Utopische und das Real-Pragmatische, die bis dahin eine Einheit bildeten, unter dem Druck der ehemals repressierten oder verdrängten, nun aber ihren Eingang in die Kultur wieder findenden Ideen als zwei konträre Prinzipien auftreten. Im Beitrag wird am Beispiel einiger repräsentativer Werke von Jurij Andruchovyč, Serhij Žadan und Vjačeslav Šnajder der Semantik und den Funktionen der Heterotopien im Kontext der literarischen Kartierung des Raums der postsowjetischen Ukraine nachgegangen.
Mass spectrometry and total laboratory automation: opportunities and drawbacks
Authors: Salvagno Gian Luca , Danese Elisa , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The diffusion of laboratory automation, initiated nearly 50 years ago with consolidation of preanalytical, clinical chemistry and immunochemistry workstations, is now also gradually embracing mass spectrometry (MS). As for other diagnostic disciplines, the automation of MS carries many advantages, such as efficient personnel management (i.e. improving working atmosphere by decreasing manual activities, lowering health risks, simplifying staff training), better organization (i.e. reducing workloads, improving inventory handling, increasing analytical process standardization) and the possibility to reduce the number of platforms. The development and integration of different technologies into automated MS analyzers will also generate technical and practical advantages, such as prepackaged and ready-to-use reagents, automated dispensing, incubation and measurement, automated sample processing (e.g. system fit for many models of laboratory automation, bar code readers), multiplex testing, automatic data processing, also including quality control assessment, and automated validation/interpretation (e.g. autoverification). A new generation of preanalytical workstations, which can be directly connected to MS systems, will allow the automation of manual extraction and elimination of time-consuming activities, such as tube labeling and capping/decapping. The use of automated liquid-handling platform for pipetting samples, along with addition of internal standards, may then enable the optimization of some steps of extraction and protein precipitation, thus decreasing turnaround time and increasing throughput in MS testing. Therefore, this focused review is aimed at providing a brief update on the importance of consolidation and integration of MS platforms in laboratory automation.
„Skal vi tro, at det er Barnets virkelige Navn?“ — Namen als Ausgangspunkte intertextueller Dialogizität in Karen Blixens „Alkmene“
Authors: Hiller Jürgen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Karen Blixen’s works are characterized by a plurality of intertextual references. The article wants to explore in-depth a specific facet, the reference function of names in one of Blixen’s Winter’s Tales, “Alkmene”. Besides the well-known mythological references, evidence shows a pronounced dialogue of Blixen’s text with works of St. St. Blicher, Shakespeare and Goethe. Most previous interest concentrated on mythological and explicitly referenced names whereas e. g. the affinity in the relation between Blixen’s Alkmene and Vilhelm and the corresponding relation between Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister and Mignon has gone unnoticed. The intertexts are not only communicating with Blixen’s “Alkmene”, but constitute a common resonating cavity in which some themes are taken up in almost all of the texts.
Jaktslottet och Törnrosens bok: paratopi och scenografi hos C. J. L. Almqvist
Authors: Löjdström Anders 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

The Book of the Wild Rose is Carl Jonas Love Almqvist’s (1793–1866) masterpiece. The two different editions of this ”book” cover most of his literary career, from the early 1830’s to his hasty departure from Sweden in 1851. The elaborate use of a frame fiction, which confers a self-reflecting metafictional quality to the whole, allows the author to collect a large part of his writings. The fascinating and elusive personality of Almqvist as a writer seems to vanish behind the extreme variety and richness of his work. My aim is to present a reading inspired by the literary discourse analysis of French pragmatic linguist Dominique Maingueneau, which focuses on the frame fiction in The Book of the Wild Rose in order to show the presence of the author facing the reader in different ways in the text.
“Akin to Peer Gynt” – Remolding Peer in Adaptation
Authors: Christensen Sofija , Myren-Svelstad Per Esben 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ibsen’s Peer Gynt holds a unique position in Norwegian culture as a ‘national epic’ that simultaneously satirizes the idea of coherent national and individual identities. This article analyzes the dramatic text’s recent adaptation into a graphic novel, published in Norway in 2014. We argue that this adaptation indicates which aspects of the play seem relevant to modern Norwegian readers. Through close, comparative readings of two key scenes in Ibsen’s text and in the adaptation, we show how the many metaliterary aspects of the former are creatively and irreverently treated in the latter. Moreover, we argue that one of the most striking aspects of Peer Gynt, the graphic novel, is its depiction of postmodern, performative identities, and the ‘liquidity’ of modern Western individuals.
Bestämdhet och indirekta anaforer i polska studenters inlärarsvenska
Authors: Kołaczek Natalia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research is to investigate how Polish learners of Swedish acquire the category of definiteness narrowed to the so-called indirect anaphors: definite noun phrases without any explicit antecedent, staying in a relation with a kind of “trigger”, an element in the text that is crucial for their interpretation. Previous publications about acquisition of definiteness in Swedish focus on the morphological development rather than the development regarding the choice of form. In my longitudinal study of students of Swedish at the Department of Scandinavian Studies at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, I analyse students’ grammar tests and essays with regard to this issue. With Schwarz’s classification of anaphors as a working basis a model for a learning route is developed, covering semantic, conceptual and inferential type of anaphors.
A note on larger orbit size
Authors: Jin Ping , Yang Yong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this note, we present an improvement on the large orbit result of Halasi and Podoski, and then answer an open question raised
in [X. Chen, J. P. Cossey, M. Lewis and H. P. Tong-Viet, Blocks of small defect in alternating groups and squares of Brauer character degrees, J. Group Theory 20 2017, 6, 1155–1173].
Multipole and multimode engineering in Mie resonance-based metastructures
Authors: Liu Tianji , Xu Rongyang , Yu Peng , Wang Zhiming , Takahara Junichi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Benefited from the well-known Mie resonance, a plethora of physical phenomena and applications are attracting attention in current research on dielectric-based nanophotonics. High-index dielectric metastructures are favorable to enhance light-matter interaction in nanoscale with advantages such as low loss, optical magnetism, and multipolar responses, which are superior to their plasmonic counterpart. In this review, we highlight the important role played by Mie resonance-based multipolar and multimodal interaction in nanophotonics, introducing the concept of “multipole and multimode engineering” in artificially engineered dielectric-based metastructures and providing an overview of the recent progress of this fast-developing area. The scope of multipole and multimode engineering is restricted not only in multipolar interferences of meta-atom and meta-molecule but also in the nontrivial intermodal coupling (Fano resonance and bound states in the continuum), in the collective mode and the surface lattice mode appearing via periodic meta-lattices and aperiodic meta-assembly, in chiral enhancement via chiral and achiral dielectric metastructures, and in Mie resonance-mediated hybrid structures (Mie-plasmon and Mie-exciton). Detailed examples and the underlying physics of this area are discussed in-depth, in order to lead the multifunctional metastructures for novel applications in the future.