bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV and Development of Epithelial Cell Abnormalities in women with prior normal cervical cytology in Nigeria
Authors: Musa Jonah , Mehta Supriya D. , Achenbach Chad J. , Evans Charlesnika T. , Jordan Neil , Magaji Francis A. , Pam Victor C. , Daru Patrick H. , Silas Olugbenga A. , Sagay Atiene S. , Anorlu Rose , Zheng Yinan , Maiga Mamoudou , Adewole Isaac F. , Murphy Robert L. , Hou Lifang , Simon Melissa A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background HIV-associated cellular immune dysfunction has been linked to higher risk of cervical dysplasia and cancer in HIV infected women. We sought to understand the relationship between HIV and development of epithelial cell abnormalities (ECA) at follow-up in women with prior normal cervical cytology (NCC).Methods Retrospective cohort analysis of women who received a Pap test at the Operation Stop Cervical Cancer Unit in Jos, Nigeria over a 10-year period (2006-2016). We analyzed the data of women with NCC at first Pap who had at least one follow-up cytology result for time-to-detection of ECA. We determined follow-up time in years from date of first NCC to date of first ECA report or date of last NCC follow up report with censoring at last follow-up date or December 31st, 2016 whichever came first. The primary outcome was development of any ECA as defined by the Bethesda 2001 reporting system. We identified demographic and clinical factors associated with incident ECA using multivariable Cox regression. Results A total of 1,599 women were eligible for this analysis. Overall, 3.7% (57/1,556) of women reported being HIV infected. The median age at first Pap was 39 years (IQR; 33-45). The HIV infected women were younger (36.3 ± 8.1) compared to those uninfected (39.3 ± 6.6), p=0.005. After an accrued follow-up time of 3,809 person-years (PYs), 243 women (15%) had an ECA with an event rate of 6.38 per 100 PYs. Women ≥35 years at first Pap were more likely to have an ECA compared to those <35 years (7.5 per 100 PYs vs 3.8 per 100 PYs, HR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.4, 2.8). HIV status was not significantly associated with developing ECA in either unadjusted (7.4 per 100 PYs vs 6.4 per 100 PYs, HR=1.17; 95% CI: 0.53, 2.3) or adjusted analyses (aHR=1.78; 95% CI: 0.87, 3.65).Conclusion Women living with HIV and on successful antiretroviral treatment may not have a differential hazard in the development of ECA during follow up after a prior normal Pap. Offering a repeat CCS to women who are 35 years or older irrespective of HIV status is likely an effective strategy in resource limited settings.
Characterization of a rhodanese homologue from Haemonchus contortus and its immune-modulatory effects on goat immune cells in vitro
Authors: Wang Yujian , Ehsan Muhammad , Huang Jianmei , Aimulajiang Kalibixiati , Yan RuoFeng , Song XiaoKai , Xu LiXin , Li Xiangrui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Modulation of the host immune response by nematode parasites has been widely reported. Rhodaneses (thiosulfate: cyanide sulfurtransferases) are present in a wide range of organisms, such as archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Previously, it was reported that a rhodanese homologue could be bound by goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vivo.Methods: In the present study, we cloned and produced a recombinant rhodanese protein originating from Haemonchus contortus (rHCRD), a parasitic nematode of small ruminants. rHCRD was co-incubated with goat PBMCs to assess its immunomodulatory effects on proliferation, apoptosis and cytokine secretion.Results: We verified that the natural HCRD protein localized predominantly to the bowel wall and body surface of the parasite. We further demonstrated that serum produced by goats artificially infected with H. contortus successfully recognized rHCRD, which bound to goat PBMCs. rHCRD suppressed proliferation of goat PBMCs stimulated by concanavalin A but did not induce apoptosis in goat PBMCs. The production of TNF-α and IFN-γ decreased significantly, whereas secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β1 increased, in goat PBMCs after exposure to rHCRD. rHCRD also inhibited phagocytosis by goat monocytes. Moreover, rHCRD down-regulated the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II on goat monocytes in a dose-dependent manner, but did not alter MHC-I expression. Conclusions: These results propose a possible immunomodulatory target that may help illuminate the interactions between parasites and their hosts at the molecular level and reveal innovative protein species as candidate drug and vaccine targets.
Co-teaching Model Promotes True Integration for Integrated Curriculum of Urology
Authors: Zhang HaiMin , Mei AiHong , Wang Fang , Wang Ling , Wen Jing , Gu WenYu , Yu Zhen , Yao XuDong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Currently, the integrated curriculum of urology is still on the road of complete integration. Co-teaching, an existing concept in education, however, may be used to promote the integration of urology. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the effect of co-teaching method compare with the traditional teaching method.Methods Co-teaching and traditional teaching in the topics hematuria and acute kidney injure (AKI) were prepared and validated. 98 undergraduate medical students of Tongji University were randomly assigned to groups A and B. Group A was taught hematuria by Co-teaching (CT) and AKI by traditional teaching (TT) and Group B was taught hematuria by TT and AKI by CT. A knowledge assessment tool of 20 multiple choice items was administered to assess the pre, post and retention knowledge scores. Change between knowledge scores was analyzed using inferential statistics. One students’ questionnaire and one tutors’ questionnaire were designed and used to investigate the perception on teaching-learning experience.Results Both traditional teaching and co-teaching were significantly effective in increasing the knowledge scores with no significant difference in learning outcomes between these two methods. However, co-teaching showed better knowledge retention compared to conventional teaching. At the same time, the feedback from students’ questionnaire showed co-teaching method better than traditional teaching; otherwise, the feedback from tutors’ questionnaire showed it needs more time and cooperation for the co-teaching. ConclusionsCo-teaching can promote the curriculum to be deeply integrated, achieve comparatively better retention of knowledge and improve the teaching effect as revealed by the findings.
In-vitro Seed Germination Biology of Milicia Excelsa Population Collected from Benchi-Maji Zone, South Western Ethiopia
Authors: SEID MOHAMMED ADEFA , Mulatu Yigardu , Anjulo Agena , Ayalew Semaigzer , Nigatu Marshet , Kebede Wondu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia, species used for timber production are limited to few species. So, it is becoming necessary to find innovative ways of maintaining and improving the genetic quality of species such as Milicia excelsa by domesticating them into a wider scale of ecological and social environment. Hence, the main objective of this study was to investigate the seed germination biology and behavior of Milicia excelsa under in-vitro laboratory conditions so as to promote the domestication and establishment of seed production areas (SPA) in-situ. Methods: Seeds collected from Benchi district of Benchi-Maji zone of southwestern Ethiopia were subjected to germination biology in-vitro to determine the germination responses of M. excelsa seeds under laboratory conditions. So, a total of 1200 seeds were randomly selected, treated and prepared using four treatments procedures with six replications for paper method and 3 replications for sand method, and tested using paper methods in CRD design. So, 600 seeds were tested using paper and sand methods each where 25 seeds were tested for each replication in paper and 50 seeds for each replication in sand method. The germination process was lasted between 19 March 2020 and 15 May 2020. Result: The mean germination percentage of seeds of M. excelsa was noticed to be lower than 20%. This is below the expected (45%) germination rate of mature and healthy seed lot. Overall, seeds that were not treated using any pre-sowing treatments has shown relatively better germination percentage (19%) followed by seeds rubbed by hand (15%). Analysis of one-way t-test shows that the effects untreated (control –T1) and rubbing by hand treatments (T4) is significant at p < 0.05 compared to the effects of the other pre-sowing treatments (T2- seeds only washed with normal tap water, and T3- seeds washed and soaked in hot water for 15 minutes) on the germination capability of seeds of M. excelsa . However, no significance difference was observed between control (T1) and hand scarification (T2). Conclusions: The average germination of M. excelsa seeds combined for all treatments is lower than 20% which is lower germination when comparing with other similar research reported in other countries. Therefore, it required to include and test other pre-sowing treatments including tissue culture micro-propagation of seeds to maximize the germination of M. excelsa seeds helping to get enough seedlings required for the domestication project.
Superior component position during robotic-assisted Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) compared with conventional technique: A 5-year follow-up study
Authors: Zhang Tianwei , Cai E , Zhang Zhenxiang , Dou Hongmei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of our present work was to compare robotic-assisted UKA and conventional UKA regarding the clinical and radiographic results at 5-year follow-up.MethodsForty-one medial UKAs were conducted with robotic assistance (group ROA) between January 2010 and January 2015, and these subjects were matched with 44 subjects undergoing medial UKAs using the same prosthesis, implanted by conventional technique (group CON). In a 5-year follow-up, subjects were clinically evaluated by using Knee Society functional (KSF), Knee Society clinical (KSC), and Knee Society pain (KSP) scores. Radiographic assessments with regards to coronal mechanical axis (CMA) and condylar twist angle (CTA) were compared between group ROA and group CON.ResultsIn the evaluation, the mechanical limb alignment was significantly increased after operation in each group. The implantation accuracy of the coronal mechanical axis was similar in both groups. As for the evaluation of femoral rotation, the internal rotation in group ROA was remarkably less than that in group CON. The difference was not significant in KSP, KSF, KSC scores between group ROA and group CON.ConclusionOur results showed that robotic assistance improves component position without gaining superior CMA or increasing clinical results versus conventional UKA at 5-year follow-up. To conclude, using robotic assistance in UKA is recommended as compared to conventional UKA. Long-term follow-up will be needed to draw conclusion about the overall outcomes of robotic assistance as compared with conventional technique.Trial registration﻿Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR2000033918. Registered 16 June 2020.
Comparison of the effectiveness of existential, cognitive-existential, and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy on psychosomatic complaints in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hanis Ghaffar Nasiri , Sadeghi Masoud , Gholamrezaei Simin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: A significant amount of previous studies has confirmed the positive effect of existential, cognitive-existential, and humanistic-existential interventions on psychosocial problems with different populations. However, research on the effectiveness and comparison of the effect of these three independent variables on the problem of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is novel. So, the purpose of this research is to study the comparison of the effectiveness of existential, cognitive-existential, and humanistic-existential group psychotherapy on psychosomatic complaints among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The method of the research was semi-experimental, and its experimental design includes the pretest, post-test, and two-month follow-up tests with experimental and control parallel groups. Cases of this study included women with type 2 diabetes mellitus referring to the Specialist Diabetes Clinic of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in the first three months of 2019. The main criterion for entry participants to research was the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus by specialists of the Diabetes Clinic of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj. 32 subjects selected by simple random sampling method of this society and were assigned to three experimental and one control group by substituting random method. The data collected based on the scale of psychosomatic complaints Takata & Sakata (2004). After the pre-test, the experimental groups participated in 120-minute sessions for 9 weeks. Data analyzed by the statistical test of repeated measures of the General Linear Model. Results: The results of repeated measures analysis showed that the effect of the interventions in experimental groups of psychosomatic complaints was significant and stable compared to the control group (computed using alpha = 0, 05). The effect of the group humanistic-existential psychotherapy on reducing psychosomatic complaints about women with type 2 diabetes mellitus is stable and significant compared to existential and cognitive-existential psychotherapy (The mean difference is significant at the 0,05 level).Conclusion: The findings show applying humanistic-existential psychotherapy more benefits than the other two method. So, humanistic-existential group psychotherapy could be a selective therapy for reducing psychosomatic complaints about women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Impact of Infertility on Various Aspects of Women's Lives in Comparison With Tubal Ligation Control: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ashrafi Mahnaz , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Mirzaei Negin , Jahangiri  , Youseflu Samaneh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study is to assess anxiety, depression, body image, self-esteem, sexual function (SF), and quality of life (QoL) in infertile women in Iran and to compare the results with fertile women (used a condom) and those with tubal ligation (TL) (as control groups).
Methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out on infertile women, women who had undergone TL (control 1), and women who had used a condom (control 2) (200 women in each group). They were selected from the Royan Institute in Tehran (Iran) and a number of health care centers in Tehran (Iran) from May 2017 to February 2019. The subjects were asked to fill out the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), and Rosenberg’ Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). One-way ANOVA was used to find the statistical differences between the three groups.
Results

All mean values FSFI were found to be lower in the TL women and the differences between the three groups were statistically significant in all domains. Women with TL had more female sexual dysfunction (FSD) (22.43 ± 5.30 vs 24.79 ± 4.74 vs 28.03 ± 3.29, P˂0.001). There was a significant difference between the three groups in SF-12 scores (76.59 ± 13.14 vs 68.49 ± 14.47 vs 78.87 ± 12.62, P˂0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the three groups in anxiety, depression, and total scores HADS (P˂0.001). Infertile women had lower body image (P˂0.05) and self-esteem was lower in the TL group (P˂0.05).
Conclusions

Our findings reveal the adverse effects of TL on the anxiety and depression, sexual life, body image, and QoL of women. It is recommended that the awareness and knowledge of health-care professionals regarding the side-effects of TL in the above-mentioned aspects of women’s lives should be increased and discussed with patients.
Correlation Between 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D and Parkinson's Disease:A Case-Control study
Authors: xia ming , Xiu wenjuan , Wang Xuliang , Wu Tingting , Zheng Yingying , Ma Yitong , Xie Xiang , Zhou Jiuqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients have lower serum 25- hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations than controls. whether the research in other regions findings are generalizable to China populations remains untested in other studies. In this case-control study we examined the Correlation between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and Parkinson's disease.Methods:We establish an association between deficiency of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and PD in a case-control study of 100 PD patients and 100 control subjects free of neurologic disease in the First Affliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Results:Total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels, were deficient in 21% of patients with PD compared with 4% of controls. In univariate analyses Plasma levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were associated with PD(p<0.001), respectively. In multivariate analyses, Vitamin D deficiency(25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) were significant associated with PD (p=0.008,OR=17.13,95% CI, 2.082-141.075). Individuals with levels in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D values had the highest prevalence of PD(p =0.026,OR=11.786,95%CI,1.342-103.51)compared with individuals with values in the highest quartile.Conclusions:Our study reveals an association between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and PD.Patients with incident PD had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than age-matched controls, High-risk PD patients with vitamin D deficiency who have not yet developed exercise impairment, these populations should undergo vitamin D measurement and vitamin D treatment as soon as possible.
Dexmedetomidine intravesical instillation reduces postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in male patients under general anesthesia: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Chen Hong , Wang Bin , Li Qin , Zhou Juan , Li Rui , Zhang Ye 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) of male patients is a common clinical problem, albeit lacking effective solutions. The present study aimed to investigate whether dexmedetomidine intravesical instillation alleviates the postoperative urinary discomfort in male patients with catheter under general anesthesia.

Methods

This single-blinded, prospective, randomized study included a total of 167 male patients American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia were allocated to two groups: 84 in the dexmedetomidine (Dex) group and 83 in the control group. Dex group patients received intravesical instillation of the drug 0.5 μg/kg and normal saline 20 mL, while the control group received intravesical instillation of 20 mL normal saline. The catheter was clamped for 30 min after intravesical instillation for all patients. Bladder stimulation scales and urethra pain numerical rating scale (NRS) scores were measured at admittance to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) (T0), intravesical instillation (T1), 30 min (T2), 60 min (T3), 2 h (T4) after intravesical instillation, discharged from PACU (T5), and 6 h (T6) and 24 h (T7) after the operation. Patient satisfaction at discharge from PACU and 24 h post-operation were compared between the two groups.

Results

Bladder stimulation scales and urethra pain NRS scores after 30 min of dexmedetomidine intravesical instillation to 24 h post-operation were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001), and patient satisfaction was higher at discharge from PACU and 24 h post-operation (p<0.001). No diﬀerences were detected in Steward score out of PACU (p=0.213) and from the time of the end of operation to fully awake (p=0.417).

Conclusion

Dex intravesical instillation reduces postoperative urinary discomfort and urethra pain and improves satisfaction in male patients under general anesthesia.
A Socio-Ecological Approach To Understanding The Factors Influencing The Uptake Of Intermittent Preventive Treatment Of Malaria In Pregnancy (IPTp) In South Western Nigeria.
Authors: Nyaaba Gertrude Nsorma , Olaleye Atinuke O , Obiyan Mary O , Walker Oladapo , Anumba Dilly OC 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) remains a key cause of poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Two key strategies globally promoted to address MiP require pregnant women in malaria-endemic regions to sleep under insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and take at least three doses of intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) during pregnancy. Particularly in the African region where weak health systems grapple with prevailing socio-cultural and traditional practices, several multilevel factors influence the effective uptake of these strategies. This study explores the factors for the poor uptake of IPTp and use of ITNs in lower socio-economic communities in Nigeria. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews (SSI) and focus group discussions (FGD) with a total of 201 key stakeholders in 6 communities in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria. Twelve SSIs were conducted with traditional birth attendants (TBAs), faith-based birth attendants and healthcare providers operating in public health facilities. Community leaders (7), pregnant women (30) and 20 caregivers were also individually interviewed. Sixteen FGDs were conducted with multi- and first- time pregnant women grouped by location and pregnancy experiences. A thematic approach were used for data analysis. Results: At the individual and social levels, there is high general awareness of MiP, its consequences and ITNs but a low awareness of IPTp, with type of antenatal care (ANC) provider being a key factor influencing access to IPTp. Choice of type of ANC provider, which facilitates access to IPTp and ITNs, is influenced by experiences of relatives with ANC providers, attitudes of ANC providers and community perceptions of the type of ANC providers. Concurrent use of multiple ANC providers and ANC providers’ relationships further influence acceptability and coverage for IPTp and ITN use. At the health sector level, there is low awareness about preventive malarial strategies including IPTp among TBAs and faith-based birth attendants, in contrast to high IPTp awareness among public healthcare providers. Conclusion: The findings highlight several factors that influence the utilisation of IPTp services and call for greater synergy and sensitisation between the three groups of healthcare providers towards improving access to and acceptability of IPTp for improving maternal and child outcomes.