bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tourism management in the era of smart mobility: a perspective article
Authors: Tung Vincent Wing Sun , Cheong Timothy Mou Fei , To Stephen James 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the past and future perspectives of smart mobility in the context of destinations.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of previous work on smart mobility is provided.

Findings
The development of smart mobility will bring unprecedented changes to tourism management, particularly in the areas of tourist travel patterns and decision-making.

Originality/value
It is relevant and timely to discuss the link between smart mobility and tourism management given the profound changes that they will bring to smart destinations.
Protecting privacy in tourism – a perspective article
Authors: Hall Colin Michael , Ram Yael 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a perspective on privacy in tourism and hospitality.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic review of journals was undertaken in addition to thematic analysis.

Findings
Relatively little research has been undertaken on privacy in tourism and hospitality with privacy often regarded as synonymous with security.

Originality/value
One of the few commentaries on privacy in tourism.
The influence of IT-competency dimensions on job satisfaction, knowledge sharing and performance across industries
Authors: Kucharska Wioleta , Erickson G. Scott 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTechnology makes knowledge management easier. Knowledge sharing is essential for organizational development. Job satisfaction fosters knowledge sharing. Hence, this study aims to develop an understanding of the mutual relationship between knowledge sharing and job satisfaction when both are predicted by information technology (IT)-competency dimensions such as IT-operations, IT-knowledge and IT-infrastructure in the context of company performance.Design/methodology/approachThe results were achieved based on the examination of 910 Polish knowledge workers with different roles and experiences across various sectors. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method.FindingsThe findings suggest that the company’s IT-competency drives job satisfaction and knowledge sharing more strongly for IT industry knowledge workers than for other industries. Also, a stronger mediation function of knowledge sharing and job satisfaction is observed for IT-operations when the IT industry is controlled.Originality/valueThe main value of the study is the empirical evidence that the influence of a particular IT-competency dimension varies for industries when it comes to job satisfaction and knowledge sharing processes.
Cocoa agroforest multifunctionality and soil fertility explained by shade tree litter traits
Authors: Sauvadet Marie , Saj Stéphane , Freschet Grégoire T. , Essobo Jean‐Daniel , Enock Séguy , Becquer Thierry , Tixier Philippe , Harmand Jean‐Michel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Manipulating plant functional diversity to improve agroecosystem multifunctionality is a central challenge of agricultural systems world‐wide. In cocoa agroforestry systems (cAFS), shade trees are used to supply many services to farmers, yet their impact on soil functioning and cocoa yields is likely to vary substantially among tree species.

Here we compared the impact of five shade tree species (Canarium schweinfurthii (Canarium), Dacryodes edulis (Safou), Milicia excelsa (Iroko), Ceiba pentandra (Kapok tree), Albizia adianthifolia (Albizia)) and unshaded conditions on the functioning of poor sandy savanna soils within eight cocoa farms in Central Cameroon. We assessed the effects of plant functional traits, leaf litterfall and fine root biomass on a range of soil functions and on cocoa yield.

Shade trees generally improved soil pH, , and Olsen P content, biomass production of bioassays and soil total C and N content, while leaving cocoa yields unchanged. However, these effects varied largely among species. Improvements of soil functions were low under the two fruit trees (Canarium and Dacryodes), medium under the legume tree Albizia and high under the two timber trees (Milicia and Ceiba). Low litter recalcitrance was most strongly associated with increases in soil fertility indicators such as N and P availability, whereas soil C and N content increased with litter Ca restitution.

Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that cocoa agroforest multifunctionality is substantially influenced by the functional traits of shade tree species. Shade tree species with the most dissimilar traits to cocoa (cocoa showing the lowest leaf litter quality) showed the largest improvement of soil functions. Therefore, selection of shade trees based on their functional traits appears as a promising practice to adequately manage soil functioning. In order to fully assess the beneficial role of shade trees in these agroecosystems. Future research will need to extend this approach to other below‐ground traits and other aspects of multifunctionality such as long‐term cocoa health and yield.
Non‐negligible contribution of subordinates in community‐level litter decomposition: Deciduous trees in an evergreen world
Authors: Guo Chao , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. , Tuo Bin , Ci Hang , Yan En‐Rong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Subordinate species have relatively low abundance compared to dominant species; however, they may contribute significantly to functional diversity and ecosystem functionality, particularly if they differ strongly from the dominants in key traits. Here we investigated whether this phenomenon might be applied to litter decomposition as a key carbon and nutrient cycling process.

We hypothesized that species litter mass‐weighted predictions of community‐level litter decomposition based on dominant rates only, would deviate strongly from observed community‐level rates, and that predictions would improve as subordinates with strongly contrasting traits were combined with those of their dominant counterparts.

We tested this hypothesis through a 1‐year field decomposition experiment across a chronological sequence in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest. The experiment included the single‐species litter of evergreen dominants, evergreen subordinates and deciduous subordinates, respectively, as well as community‐level litter mixtures.

The expected community‐weighted mean decomposition rates based on the evergreen dominants alone, with or without the addition of evergreen subordinates, deviated strongly from those of observed community litter mixtures at the middle and late succession stages, but not at the early stage. When adding deciduous subordinates to this expectation, there was no longer any difference to the observed community litter decomposition rate across succession stages. Deciduous subordinates alone explained 7%, 21% and 15% of the total variation in community litter mixture decomposition rate for early, middle and late successional stages, respectively, which is more than would be expected from their litter mass fraction.

Synthesis. Deciduous subordinates with strongly contrasting nutritional and water‐storage traits compared to the dominant evergreens significantly impacted litter decomposition at the community‐level in spite of their low abundance. This study highlights the importance of ‘being different’ for subordinates to be influential in ecosystem carbon cycling.
The long non‐coding RNA HCG18 promotes the growth and invasion of colorectal cancer cells through sponging miR‐1271 and upregulating MTDH/Wnt/β‐catenin
Authors: Li Shunle , Wu Tao , Zhang Di , Sun Xiaoli , Zhang Xinwu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulators of the occurrence and progression of various human cancers, including colorectal cancer. However, the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the potential role of lncRNA HCG18 in colorectal cancer. Herein, we found that HCG18 expression was significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of HCG18 significantly inhibited the growth and invasion of colorectal cancer cells, while its overexpression had the opposite effect. Moreover, HCG18 was identified as a sponge of miR‐1271. Our results showed that knockdown of HCG18 markedly upregulated miR‐1271 expression in colorectal cancer cells. Notably, HCG18 expression was inversely correlated with miR‐1271 expression in colorectal cancer specimens. Further investigation revealed that HCG18 contributed to the enhancement of MTDH/Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in colorectal cancer cells. The antitumour effect of HCG18 inhibition was significantly reversed by miR‐1271 inhibition or MTDH overexpression. Overall, the results of our study demonstrate that HCG18 exerts a potential oncogenic function in colorectal cancer by enhancing MTDH/Wnt/β‐catenin signalling via sponging of miR‐1271, highlighting the importance of HCG18/miR‐1271/ MTDH/Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in the progression of colorectal cancer.
How well does the Best Guess method predict children's weight in an emergency department in 2018–2019?
Authors: Pan Daming , Foster Mieke , Tagg Andrew , Klim Sharon , Kelly Anne‐Maree 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveFor seriously ill children, weight is often required to direct critical interventions. As it is not always feasible to measure weight in emergencies, age‐based weight prediction formulae may be used as an alternative. The Best Guess formulae, derived in Australia, have been shown to be among the most accurate age‐based methods in Australian children. They were validated in 2010. The present study aims to re‐validate the Best Guess formulae and compare their performance to the previous validation cohort.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted in the paediatric ED of a community teaching hospital. It included a convenience sample of children aged 1 month to 10 years who presented between July 2018 and April 2019. Seriously ill children were excluded. Data collected included measured weight, height, gender, age and ethnic group. The outcomes of interest were predictive performance of Best Guess formulae and comparison of predictive accuracy with a 2005 cohort from the same ED.ResultsA total of 961 patients were included; 42% girls, median age 3 years. The sample was ethnically diverse. Mean percent difference in weight was −3.3% with the formulae usually over‐estimating weight. Overall, agreement within 10% was 41.8%; agreement within 20% was 72.6%. Predictive accuracy was not significantly different between the cohorts.ConclusionThe Best Guess method has not reduced in accuracy as a weight estimation method in emergent situations in this Australian cohort, despite a tendency to slightly over‐estimate children's weight. Further study is needed to test the Best Guess method's accuracy in ethnic subgroups.
Predicting 3‐year mortality based on the tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration in low‐flux hemodialysis patients
Authors: Thang Le Viet , Loc Nguyen D. , Dung Nguyen H. , Kien Nguyen T. , Quyen Dao B. Q. , Tuan Nguyen M. , Ha Do M. , Kien Truong Q. , Dung Nguyen T. T. , Van Diem T. , Van Duc Nguyen , Ha Nguyen T. T. , Toan Pham Q. , Usui Tomoko , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) is an inflammatory cytokine produced during acute inflammation. Few studies have evaluated the association between serum TNF‐α and its receptors and their clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. However, a study assessing patients using a low‐flux dialyzer reuse has not been conducted yet. The serum TNF‐α concentrations of 319 prevalent hemodialysis patients (mean age, 45 ± 15 years; median duration of hemodialysis, 48 [interquartile range, 26‐79] months; 185 males and 134 females) was examined to predict their 3‐year mortality. The patients were divided into tertiles according to their serum TNF‐α concentrations: T1 (n = 106; serum TNF‐α concentration, <41.22 pg/mL), T2 (n = 106; serum TNF‐α level, from 41.22 to 67.28 pg/mL), and T3 (n = 107; serum TNF‐α concentration, ≥ 67.29 pg/mL). During the 36‐month follow‐up period, a total of 50 (15.7%) patients died from all causes. The Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed that the all‐cause mortality in T3 was significantly higher compared to that in T1 and T2 (log‐rank test, P < .001). The serum TNF‐α level was a significant predictor for all‐cause mortality (area under the curve = 0.887, P < .001, cutoff value, 89.812 pg/mL, sensitivity = 76%, specificity = 96.3%). The serum TNF‐α level was a better predictor of mortality than the duration of hemodialysis and serum albumin, serum high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and serum beta‐2 microglobulin concentrations. The serum TNF‐α concentration was a good predictor of the 3‐year mortality in low‐flux hemodialysis patients.
Usefulness of CHA2DS2‐VASc score to predict mortality and hospitalization in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Cioffi Giovanni , Viapiana Ombretta , Orsolini Giovanni , Idolazzi Luca , Fracassi Elena , Ognibeni Federica , Dalbeni Andrea , Gatti Davide , Carletto Antonio , Fassio Angelo , Rossini Maurizio , Giollo Alessandro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are disorders at increased risk of morbidity and mortality for which a validated prognostic tool for facilitating clinical management is needed. CHA2DS2‐VASc (congestive heart failure/hypertension/age diabetes/stroke/vascular disease/age/sex category) score was initially conceived and used to estimate thromboembolic risk in non‐valvular atrial fibrillation, and then successfully applied in community populations with sinus rhythm. We tested CHA2DS2‐VASc‐score as a prognosticator of adverse outcomes in patients in sinus rhythm with RA/AS/PsA.MethodsBetween March 2014 and March 2015, 414 patients (214 RA, 75 AS, 125 PsA) in sinus rhythm without cardiac disease were consecutively analyzed and prospectively followed‐up. Primary and co‐primary end‐points were a composite of all‐cause death/all‐cause hospitalization and CV death/CV hospitalization, respectively.ResultsPatients were divided into LOWscore and HIGHscore groups if CHA2DS2‐VASc was = 0/1 point or greater than 1 point, respectively. The HIGHscore group comprised 190 patients who were older with higher prevalence of CV risk factors and arthritis disease activity than 224 LOWscore patients. During a follow up of 36 months, the event rate for primary and co‐primary end‐point was 37% and 12% in the HIGHscore vs 22% and 4% in LOWscore group (P = .001 and .002 respectively). At multivariate Cox regression analysis CHA2DS2‐VASc‐score was related to primary end‐point (hazards ratio [HR] 1.30 [1.07‐1.59], P = .009) and co‐primary end‐point (HR 1.35 [1.01‐1.79], P = .04) independently of traditional CV risk factors analyzed individually and indexes of inflammation or disease duration.ConclusionCHA2DS2‐VASc‐score accurately identifies in the mid‐term patients in sinus rhythm with RA/AS/PsA at different risks for CV and non‐CV mortality and hospitalization.
Interleukin‐5 drives glycolysis and reactive oxygen species‐dependent citric acid cycling by eosinophils
Authors: Jones Nicholas , Vincent Emma E. , Felix Lindsey C. , Cronin James G. , Scott Louis M. , Hole Paul S. , Lacy Paige , Thornton Catherine A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionEosinophils have been long implicated in antiparasite immunity and allergic diseases and, more recently, in regulating adipose tissue homeostasis. The metabolic processes that govern eosinophils, particularly upon activation, are unknown.MethodsPeripheral blood eosinophils were isolated for the analysis of metabolic processes using extracellular flux analysis and individual metabolites by stable isotope tracer analysis coupled to gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry following treatment with IL‐3, IL‐5 or granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Eosinophil metabolism was elucidated using pharmacological inhibitors.ResultsHuman eosinophils engage a largely glycolytic metabolism but also employ mitochondrial metabolism. Cytokine stimulation generates citric acid cycle (TCA) intermediates from both glucose and glutamine revealing this previously unknown role for mitochondria upon eosinophil activation. We further show that the metabolic programme driven by IL‐5 is dependent on the STAT5/PI3K/Akt signalling axis and that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)‐dependent ROS production might be a driver of mitochondrial metabolism upon eosinophil activation.ConclusionWe demonstrate for the first time that eosinophils are capable of metabolic plasticity, evidenced by increased glucose‐derived lactate production upon ROS inhibition. Collectively, this study reveals a role for both glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism in cytokine‐stimulated eosinophils. Selective targeting of eosinophil metabolism may be of therapeutic benefit in eosinophil‐mediated diseases and regulation of tissue homeostasis.
The influence of migration on women’s use of different aspects of maternity care in the German health care system: Secondary analysis of a comparative prospective study with the Migrant Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire (MFMCQ)
Authors: Seidel Vera , Gürbüz Burcu , Großkreutz Claudia , Vortel Martina , Borde Theda , Rancourt Rebecca C. , Stepan Holger , Sauzet Odile , Henrich Wolfgang , David Matthias 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionApproximately 21% of Germany's inhabitants or their parents have been born abroad. There is evidence that immigrant women are starting antenatal care later than nonimmigrants. In Berlin, equality in health care access had improved until 2011‐2012, leaving only women with Low German language proficiency and an insecure residence status particularly at risk. With the recent influx of refugees, we analyzed whether access to antenatal and postpartum care differs depending on immigration, residence status, income, and education.MethodsAt our Berlin tertiary care center, a modified version of the Migrant Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire was administered to women who delivered in the first half of 2017. Multivariate modeling compared nonimmigrant women, immigrants, and women who are direct descendants of immigrants.ResultsThe study included 184 nonimmigrant women, 214 immigrant women, and 62 direct descendants of immigrants. Germany is relatively good in prenatal care for immigrant women, as most are getting adequate prenatal care. However, 21% of immigrants compared with 11% of nonimmigrant women started pregnancy care after the first trimester (P = .03). Low income was a more powerful predictor than immigration status for starting prenatal care after the first trimester. Immigrant women (23%) were less informed on postpartum care availability than nonimmigrants (3%) and used less postpartum midwifery care.ConclusionsWhen designing health care interventions for immigrant women, not only migration‐specific factors should be considered but also low income as a barrier to access to maternity care.
Identification and characterization of bacterial strains associated with diseased oak trees in Northern Iran
Authors: Bakhshi ganje Meysam , Shams‐Bakhsh Masoud , Mackay John , Rahimian Heshmatollah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOak decline syndrome is characterized by periodic occurrences of decline and death of oaks over widespread areas. An outbreak of a new emerging disease on oak trees was reported in the Hyrcanian forest of Iran (Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) that showed stem bleeding and canker symptoms. Bacterial isolates were characterized through biochemical and physiological tests, protein electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting (rep‐PCR, ERIC and BOX primers) and sequencing of 16S rRNA and MLSA (multilocus sequencing analysis) for housekeeping genes (gyrB, infB and atpD). A complex community of the genus Brenneria spp. (Brenneria goodwinii, Brenneria roseae subsp. roseae, Brenneria sp. and Brenneria nigrifluens) and a few isolates in the genus Gibbsiella were identified as major groups involved. Isolate differentiation was more accurate using concatenated partial gene sequences within the main groups. All bacterial isolates showed hypersensitivity reactions (HR) on Pelargonium leaves (Pelargonium × hortorum). Pathogenicity studies of different Brenneria and Gibbsiella strains revealed that they have potential to cause the disease in oak seedlings and devastating oak canker and stem bleeding symptoms in northern Iran. Due to the presence of several potentially pathogenic agent(s) associated with the oak decline, identification of the principal agent(s) is of major interest. To our knowledge, this is the first report of potentially pathogenic bacteria associated with oak bleeding and canker in Iran.
Circulating extracellular vesicle‐associated CD163 and CD206 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Kvorning Sarah L. , Nielsen Marlene C. , Andersen Niels F. , Hokland Marianne , Andersen Morten N. , Møller Holger J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are important for intercellular signalling in cancer. Tumour‐associated macrophages, expressing the haemoglobin‐haptoglobin and mannose receptors CD163 and CD206, are crucial for cancer progression. We recently identified CD163 on EVs in the circulation as a fraction of total soluble CD163 (sCD163). Here, we investigated the presence of CD163 and CD206‐positive EVs (EV‐CD163, EV‐CD206) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsWe enrolled patients with MM (n = 32), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) (n = 8) and healthy donors (n = 16). Plasma protein levels were determined by ELISA before and after vesicle precipitation. Monocytes were examined by flow cytometry, and leucocyte CD163 mRNA by qPCR.ResultsFractions of EV‐CD163 and EV‐CD206 were significantly elevated in patients with newly diagnosed MM (median = 39.8%, 76.5%, respectively) compared to patients with relapse (15.6%, P = .02, 42.5%, P = .003), remission (16.9%, P < .0001, 25.2%, P < .0001), MGUS (17.8%, P < .01, 33.1%, P = .0005) and healthy donors (14.8%, P < .0001, 35.5%, P < .0001). Whole blood CD163 mRNA did not vary between the groups. The intermediate monocyte subset showed a higher CD163 expression in newly diagnosed patients.ConclusionsOur results indicate that macrophage‐derived EVs may play a role in the late phase of malignant progression of MM, and encourage further EV investigations in functional experiments.
Effect of lysine incorporation, annealing and heat moisture treatment alone and in combination on the physico‐chemical, retrogradation, rheological properties and in vitro digestibility of kithul (Caryota urens L.) starch
Authors: Sudheesh Cherakkathodi , Sunooj Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal , Anjali K.U. , Aaliya Basheer , Navaf Muhammed , Kumar Sunny , Sajeevkumar Vallayil Appukuttan , George Johnsy 
Published: December 2019

SummaryPhysico‐chemical, retrogradation, rheological properties and in vitro digestibility of lysine incorporated kithul starch modified by annealing, heat moisture treatment and its combinations were studied. LS‐AHMT (annealed‐heat moisture treated lysine incorporated kithul starch) exhibited lowest amylose leaching. LS‐AHMT showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher relative crystallinity. LS‐ANS (annealed lysine incorporated kithul starch), LS‐HMT (heat moisture treated lysine incorporated kithul starch) and LS‐AHMT formed more weak gel by the effect of annealing, heat moisture treatment and its combination. LS‐AHMT showed lowest pasting viscosities, G′ and G″ values among the modified kithul starch, which indicates its lower retrogradation properties. In vitro digestibility of kithul starch decreased after modifications and LS‐ANS, LS‐HMT and LS‐AHMT showed significantly higher resistant starch content. The current study showed that annealing, heat moisture treatment and its combination on NS‐LS (lysine incorporated kithul starch) effectively modified kithul starch properties.