bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex vivo Demonstration of Functional Deficiencies in Popliteal Lymphatic Vessels from TNF-Tg Mice with Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Scallan Joshua P. , Bouta Echoe M. , Rahimi Homaira , Kenney H. Mark , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Davis Michael J. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by intermittent episodes of pain and inflammation in affected joints, or flares. Recent studies demonstrated lymphangiogenesis and expansion of draining lymph nodes during chronic inflammatory arthritis, and lymphatic dysfunction associated with collapse of draining lymph nodes in RA patients and TNF-transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice experiencing arthritic flare. As the intrinsic differences between lymphatic vessels afferent to healthy, expanding, and collapsed draining lymph nodes are unknown, we characterized the ex vivo behavior of popliteal lymphatic vessels (PLVs) from WT and TNF-Tg mice. We also interrogated the mechanisms of lymphatic dysfunction through inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).MethodsPopliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) in TNF-Tg mice were phenotyped as Expanding or Collapsed by in vivo ultrasound and age-matched to WT littermate controls. The PLVs were harvested and cannulated for ex vivo functional analysis over a relatively wide range of hydrostatic pressures (0.5 to 10 cmH2O) to quantify the end diastolic diameter (EDD), tone, amplitude (AMP), ejection fraction (EF), contraction frequency (FREQ) and fractional pump flow (FPF) with or without NOS inhibitors Data was analyzed using repeated measures two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’spost hoctest.ResultsReal time videos of the cannulated PLVs demonstrated the predicted phenotypes of robust versus weak contractions of the WT versus TNF-Tg PLV, respectively. Quantitative analyses confirmed that TNF-Tg PLVs had significantly decreased AMP, EF and FPF versus WT (p<0.05). EF and FPF were recovered by NOS inhibition, while the reduction in AMP was NOS independent. No differences in EDD, tone, or FREQ were observed between WT and TNF-Tg PLVs, nor between Expanding versus Collapsed PLVs.ConclusionThese findings support the concept that chronic inflammatory arthritis leads to NOS dependent and independent draining lymphatic vessel dysfunction that exacerbates disease, and may trigger arthritic flare due to decreased egress of inflammatory cells and soluble factors from affected joints.
Isolation of SAR11 marine bacteria from cryopreserved seawater
Authors: Monaghan Elizabeth A. , Freel Kelle C. , Rappé Michael S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we sought a means to increase current culture collections of SAR11 marine bacteria by testing the use of seawater cryopreserved with glycerol as an inoculum. In July 2017, raw seawater was collected outside of Kāne‘ohe Bay, Hawai‘i, in the tropical Pacific Ocean. A portion of this sample was diluted in seawater-based growth medium to create 576 × 2 mL dilution cultures containing 5 cells each and incubated for a high-throughput cultivation experiment, while another portion was cryopreserved in 10% glycerol. After ten months, a cryopreserved aliquot of seawater was thawed, diluted in seawater-based growth medium, and distributed to create a second high-throughput cultivation experiment of 480 × 2 mL dilution cultures containing 5 cells each and 94 cultures containing 105 cells each. The raw seawater cultivation experiment resulted in the successful isolation of 54 monocultures and 29 mixed-cultures, while cryopreserved seawater resulted in 59 monocultures and 29 mixed cultures. Combined, the cultures included 51 SAR11 isolates spanning 11 unique 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) from raw seawater inoculum and 74 SAR11 isolates spanning 13 unique ASVs from cryopreserved seawater. A vast majority (115 of 125) of SAR11 isolates from the two HTC experiments were members of SAR11 subclade Ia, though isolates of subclades IIIa and Va were also recovered from cryopreserved seawater and subclade Ib was recovered from both. The four most abundant SAR11 subclade Ia ASVs found in the initial seawater sample used to create both culture experiments were isolated by both approaches.ImportanceHigh-throughput dilution culture has proved to be a successful approach to bring some difficult-to-isolate planktonic microorganisms into culture, including the highly abundant SAR11 lineage of marine bacteria. While the long-term preservation of bacterial isolates by freezing in the presence of cryoprotectants such as glycerol has been shown to be an effective method of storing viable cells over long time periods (i.e. years), to our knowledge it had not previously been tested for its efficacy in preserving raw seawater for later use as inoculum for high-throughput cultivation experiments. We found that SAR11 and other abundant marine bacteria could be isolated from seawater that was previously cryopreserved for nearly 10 months, at a rate of culturability similar to that of the same seawater used fresh, immediately after collection. Our findings expand the potential of high-throughput cultivation experiments to include opportunities where immediate isolation experiments are impractical, allow for targeted isolation experiments from specific samples based on analyses such as microbial community structure, and enable cultivation experiments across a wide range of other conditions that would benefit from having source inoculum available over extended periods of time.
An interbacterial DNA deaminase toxin directly mutagenizes surviving target populations
Authors: de Moraes Marcos H. , Hsu FoSheng , Huang Dean , Bosch Dustin E. , Zeng Jun , Radey Matthew C. , Simon Noah , Ledvina Hannah E. , Frick Jacob P. , Wiggins Paul A. , Peterson S. Brook , Mougous Joseph D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen bacterial cells come in contact, antagonism mediated by the delivery of toxins frequently ensues. The potential for such encounters to have long-term beneficial consequences in recipient cells has not been investigated. Here we examined the effects of intoxication by DddA, a cytosine deaminase delivered via the type VI secretion system (T6SS) ofBurkholderia cenocepacia. Despite its killing potential, we observed that several bacterial species resist DddA and instead accumulate mutations installed by the toxin, indicating that even in the absence of killing, interbacterial toxins can have profound consequences on target populations. Investigation of additional toxins from the deaminase superfamily revealed that mutagenic activity is a common feature of these proteins, including a representative we show targets single-stranded DNA and displays a markedly divergent structure. Our findings suggest that a surprising consequence of antagonistic interactions between bacteria could be the promotion of adaptation via the action of directly mutagenic toxins.
Transcriptome profiling of a multiuse model speciesLymnaea stagnalis(Gastropoda) for ecoimmunological research
Authors: Seppälä Otto , Walser Jean-Claude , Cereghetti Teo , Seppälä Katri , Salo Tiina , Adema Coen M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHost immune function can contribute to numerous ecological/evolutionary processes. Ecoimmunological studies, however, typically use one/few phenotypic immune assays and thus do not consider the complexity of the immune system. Therefore, “omics” resources that allow quantifying immune activity across multiple pathways are needed for ecoimmunological models. We applied short-read based RNAseq (Illumina NextSeq 500, PE-81) to characterise transcriptome profiles of a multipurpose model speciesLymnaea stagnalis(Gastropoda). We used a genetically diverse snail stock and exposed individuals to immune elicitors (injury, bacterial/trematode pathogens) and changes in environmental conditions that can alter immune activity (temperature, food availability). Immune defence factors identified in thede novoassembly indicated uniform aspects of molluscan immunity: pathogen-recognition receptors (PRR) and lectins activate Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway and cytokines that regulate cellular and humoral defences. However, also apparent differences to other taxa were detected (i.e., modest numbers of antimicrobial peptides and fibrinogen related proteins). Identified factors also indicate that several of them might contribute to the phenotypic immune assays used on this species. Experimental treatments revealed factors from non-self recognition (lectins) and signalling (TLR pathway, cytokines) to effectors [e.g., antibacterial proteins, phenoloxidase (PO) enzymes] whose gene expression depended on immune activations and environmental conditions, as well as components of snail physiology/metabolism that may drive these effects. Interestingly, gene expression of many factors (e.g., PRR, lectins, cytokines, PO enzymes, antibacterial proteins) showed high among-individual variation. Such factors are important to include in ecoimmunological research because they may explain among-individual differences in parasite resistance and fitness in natural populations.
CD8 coreceptor-mediated focusing can reorder the agonist hierarchy of peptide ligands recognized via the T cell receptor
Authors: Clement Mathew , Knezevic Lea , Dockree Tamsin , McLaren James E. , Ladell Kristin , Miners Kelly L. , Llewellyn-Lacey Sian , Francis Ore , Sewell Andrew K. , Bridgeman John S. , Price David A. , van den Berg Hugo A. , Wooldridge Linda 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTCD8+T cells are inherently cross-reactive and recognize numerous peptide antigens in the context of a given major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule via the clonotypically expressed T cell receptor (TCR). The lineally expressed coreceptor CD8 interacts coordinately with MHCI at a distinct and largely invariant site to slow the TCR/peptide-MHCI (pMHCI) dissociation rate and enhance antigen sensitivity. However, this biological effect is not necessarily uniform, and theoretical models suggest that antigen sensitivity can be modulated in a differential manner by CD8. We used an intrinsically controlled system to determine how the relationship between the TCR/pMHCI interaction and the pMHCI/CD8 interaction affects the functional sensitivity of antigen recognition. Our data show that modulation of the pMHCI/CD8 interaction can reorder the agonist hierarchy of peptide ligands across a spectrum of affinities for the TCR.SIGNIFICANCESufficient immune coverage of the peptide universe within a finite host requires highly degenerate T cell receptors (TCRs). However, this inherent need for antigen cross-recognition is associated with a high risk of autoimmunity, which can only be mitigated by a process of adaptable specificity. We describe a mechanism that resolves this conundrum by allowing individual clonotypes to focus on specific peptide ligands without alterations to the structure of the TCR.
Supply chain management 4.0: a literature review and research framework
Authors: Zekhnini Kamar , Cherrafi Anass , Bouhaddou Imane , Benghabrit Youssef , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis article presents a review of the existing state-of-the-art literature concerning Supply Chain Management 4.0 (SCM 4.0) and identifies and evaluates the relationship between digital technologies and Supply Chain Management.Design/methodology/approachA literature review of state-of-the-art publications in the subject field and a bibliometric analysis were conducted.FindingsThe paper identifies the impact of novel technologies on the different supply chain processes. Furthermore, the paper develops a roadmap framework for future research and practice.Practical implicationsThe proposed work is useful for both academics and practitioners as it outlines the pillar components for every supply chain transformation. It also proposes a range of research questions that can be used as a base to guide the future research direction of the field.Originality/valueThis paper presents a novel and original literature review-based study on SCM4.0 as no comprehensive review is available where bibliometric analysis, motivations, barriers and technologies' impact on different SC processes have been considered.
Analysis of tooth stiffness of nutation face gear
Authors: Wang Guangxin , Zhu Lili , Wang Peng 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain the single-tooth stiffness, single-tooth time-varying meshing stiffness and comprehensive meshing stiffness of the internal and external face gears and to analyze the influence of the modulus, pressure angle and tooth width of each face gear on the single-tooth stiffness of the gear in nutation face gear transmission.

Design/methodology/approach
From the point of view of material mechanics, the gear teeth of nutation face gear are simplified as spacial variable cross-section beams. The shear deformation of gear teeth, the bending deformation of tooth root and the additional elastic deformation caused by the base deformation are gotten by simplified trapezoidal section method, thus the stiffness of nutation face gear teeth can be obtained. The comparison with finite element method results verifies the rationality of simplified trapezoidal section method for calculating the tooth stiffness of nutation face gear.

Findings
The variation of stiffness of internal and external face gears along the meshing line and tooth height in nutation face gear transmission is studied, and the variation laws of single tooth stiffness, single-tooth-pair mesh stiffness and single tooth time-varying meshing stiffness of nutation face gear teeth are obtained.

Originality/value
Nutation face gear transmission is a new type of transmission. The stiffness of face gear teeth is analyzed, and the variation rules of single tooth stiffness, single-tooth-pair mesh stiffness and single tooth time-varying meshing stiffness of nutation face gear teeth are obtained, which not only enriches the research of nutation face gear transmission but also has important guiding significance for the application of nutation face gear in engineering practice.
Local community involvement in Malaysian early childhood care and education centers
Authors: Rahmatullah Bahbibi , Md Yassin Sopia , Omar Jamilah 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe paper aims to explore the role and the involvement of local community within the context of Malaysian early childhood centers (nursery and kindergarten).Design/methodology/approachThe research used a mixed method with a questionnaire survey in the first phase and qualitative interviews in the second phase. Quantitative data were obtained from a survey completed by 3,519 staffs from nursery and kindergarten all over Malaysia. Qualitative data were collected from individual and focus group semistructured interviews conducted with 140 participants of the Malaysian public and private internal and external stakeholders ranging from the relevant personnel of the early childhood care and education (ECCE) centers (administrators, teachers and practitioners), academic experts, regulatory agencies and parents.FindingsSurvey results indicate that the parents and community involvement with ECCE centers from the perspective of the management and practitioners is in the medium category. A total of three overarching themes were identified from the interviews, namely expertise collaboration, resource sharing and operation monitoring. There exists diversity in terms of community engagement and cooperation with ECCE centers.Practical implicationsThe findings are expected to provide valuable guidelines to ECCE centers' management and leadership in the aspect of community involvement where it could help to enhance their efforts of providing quality learning experiences for young children attending their centers.Originality/valueThis study is part of a larger longitudinal and mixed methods project examining the quality practices in setting the standards in the Malaysian National Quality ECCE framework. These findings contribute to the understanding of community involvement with ECCE centers in the Malaysian context.
Transformational leadership, career adaptability, job embeddedness and perceived career success: a serial mediation model
Authors: Al-Ghazali Basheer M. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeBased on career construction theory and job embeddedness theory, the aim of the present study is to give insights into the interplay between transformational leadership and perceived career success by examining the indirect effects through serial mediation of career adaptability and job embeddedness, respectively.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach was used for this study. Data were gathered from 469 nurses working in government hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show that transformational leaders enhance perceived career success. Moreover, the relationship between transformational leadership and perceived career success is serially mediated by career adaptability and job embeddedness.Originality/valueThe role of leadership in promoting employee's perceived career success has been seldom studied in the literature. This is the first study of its kind to examine the effect of transformational leadership on nurses' perceived career success along with the mediating roles of career adaptability and job embeddedness.
Vitamin C, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Brazilian baby foods
Authors: Sousa Tainara Leal de , Silva Jessyca Pinheiro da , Lodete Ariadne Ribeiro , Lima Daniele Silva , Mesquita Abner Alves , Almeida Adrielle Borges de , Placido Geovana Rocha , Egea Mariana Buranelo 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the levels of vitamin C, phenolic compounds and antioxidants in baby food. Providing nutritious food to the infants is essential for their growth and development. Baby foods are foods prepared from any suitable nutritive material and intended for feeding children after six months of age. The search for foods that meet the nutritional needs of children and that also promote aspects of health has increased on the part of parents.Design/methodology/approachA total of 17 different types of baby foods (2 brands) were purchased and the vitamin C content, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity were determined. The authors also assessed the adequacy of labeling in accordance with regulatory parameters. Data was submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Principal component analysis was performed to evaluate the results (phenolic compounds, vitamin C and antioxidant activity) from the multidimensional point of view.FindingsIn general, the labeling of baby foods proved to be within the legislation, but with confusing information for the consumer. BF7-AAPO (apple pulp and juice, papaya and orange juice), BF-BAO (banana, apple juice and oatmeal) and BF-AA (apple pulp and juice) showed the highest vitamin C content (20–28 mg/100 g;p< 0.001). BF-A (apple), BF-B (banana) and BF-AA showed the highest TPC (7–8.2 mg/100 g;p< 0.001). BF-CP (cassava-parsley), BF-PCBCP (potato, carrot, beef and cassava-parsley) and BF-PCBB (potato, carrot, beef and broccoli) showed the highest antioxidant activity (44–48%;p< 0.001). High value of TPC was related to high value of antioxidant activity in baby foods. In conclusion, vitamin C content in the baby foods was different from those reported on the labels and there was a direct relationship between the content of TPC and the antioxidant capability.Originality/valueThe objective of this work was to evaluate bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in baby foods. So far, few papers have reported on the subject as the authors seek to know about essential nutrients. However, this knowledge is important because these compounds can decrease and/or prevent inflammatory processes in the body.
Effect of post-heat treatment cooling on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melting manufactured austenitic 316L stainless steel
Authors: Waqar Saad , Liu Jiangwei , Sun Qidong , Guo Kai , Sun Jie 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the influence of different post-annealing cooling conditions, i.e. furnace cooling (heat treatment (HT) 1 – slow cooling) and air cooling (HT 2 – fast cooling), on the microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melting (SLM) built austenitic 316L stainless steel (SS).

Design/methodology/approach
Three sets of 316L SS samples were fabricated using a machine standard scanning strategy. Each set consists of three tensile samples and a cubic sample for microstructural investigations. Two sets were subsequently subjected to annealing HT with different cooling conditions, i.e. HT 1 and HT 2, whereas one set was used in the as-built (AB) condition. The standard metallographic techniques of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction were used to investigate the microstructural variations induced by different cooling conditions. The resultant changes in mechanical properties were also investigated.

Findings
The phase change of SLM fabricated 316L was observed to be independent of the investigated cooling conditions and all samples consist of austenite phase only. Both HT 1 and HT 2 lead to dissolved characteristic melt pools of SLM. Noticeable increase in grain size of HT 1 and HT 2 samples was also observed. Compared with AB samples, the grain size of HT 1 and HT 2 was increased by 12.5% and 50%, respectively. A decreased hardness and strength, along with an increased ductility was also observed for HT 2 samples compared with HT 1 and AB samples.

Originality/value
From previous studies, it has been noticed that most investigations on HT of SLM fabricated 316L were mainly focused on the HT temperature or holding time. However, the post-HT cooling rate is also an equally important factor in deciding the microstructure and mechanical properties of heat-treated components. Therefore, this paper investigates the influence of different post-annealing cooling conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM fabricated 316L components. This study provides a foundation for considering the post-HT cooling rate as an influential parameter that controls the properties of heat-treated SLM components.