bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Access to Home Modification for Older Adults: Research Results of a National Survey of State Units on Aging
Authors: Overton Julie , Pynoos Jon , Nabors Emily , Terzaghi Damon , Steinman Bernard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With aging populations and cost constraints, state home and community-based care (HCBC) systems are increasingly being challenged to support older adults at home. Home modifications (HMs), changing the home environment to support health, safety and independence, has been found to be cost effective, improve quality of life, and help prevent falls. While the passage of the Older Americans Act in 1965 made State Units on Aging (SUAs) the designated state-level agencies responsible for developing and administering assistance to older adults, little is understood about the extent to which they prioritize, implement, and fund HM services. In the last decade, new developments have elevated HM on the public agenda, yet the creation of policies and programs depends on a solid knowledge base. Funded by the Administration for Community Living, the University of Southern California and ADVancing States conducted a survey of the 56 SUAs to ascertain HM efforts, targeting, Older Americans Act fund allocation for HMs, collaboration with other state entities, needs and challenges, legislation, and accomplishments. With a response rate of 91% SUAs (N = 51), the survey revealed: 88% of SUAs engage in HM efforts with most (61%) integrating HMs within HCBC and long term care programs; 74% work with their State Medicaid Office on including and delivering HMs via waivers; and the most pressing needs as funding and more HM providers. Analysis showed great variation of SUA involvement in HMs based on the state size, SUA location within the state government, and connections with other state agencies.
Drexel University’s Age-Friendly Strategy: Starting With Purposeful and Existing Engagement Mechanisms
Authors: Clark Katherine , Gitlin Laura , DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann , Yutzey Elizabeth 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In 2019, Drexel University became the first Age-Friendly University (AFU) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The College of Nursing and Health Profession’s AgeWell Collaboratory (a center without walls that aims to disrupt the healthcare system’s traditional approach to aging) is leading the Age-friendly Drexel Steering Committee, which is composed of leadership throughout the university. The Collaboratory purposefully connected the committee to four key mission-driven efforts in order to ensure sustainability: 1)Strategic planning, both at the university and college level 2)The institution’s research agenda 3)Existing programming and work groups (ie. The University Committee on Accessibility and the School of Professional Development and Institutional Advancement’s efforts to engage more older adults),4) Community engagement efforts, such as the City of Philadelphia’s Age-friendly initiative and the university’s community outreach hub, the Dornsife Center for Neighborhood Partnerships. This presentation will discuss how to leverage the AFU movement through mission-driven efforts among senior leadership, faculty, staff and students.
From Ad Hoc to Association to Academy: Developmental Milestones Over 48 Years for AGHE
Authors: Hollis-Sawyer Lisa , Manning Lydia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education began as the Ad Hoc Committee on the Development of Gerontology Resources in 1972. The next year the name Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) was selected. In 1974 AGHE held a general meeting of its membership in conjunction with the annual meeting of the Gerontological Society of America in Portland Oregon. The first annual meeting was held in 1975 in Madison, Wisconsin. The relationship with GSA has evolved over the last four decades leading to the present Academy. The first presentation will focus on the issues of gerontology and higher education that emerged in the early years and continue to be a challenge today. The second presentation will look at the future of AGHE in its new relationship with GSA. The third presentation will focus on the Academy in the present discussing current challenges facing academic gerontology in today’s world including the development of AGHE’s basic-competency guidelines and the emergence of measuring student learning outcomes and their role in program review and evaluation. The fourth presentation will examine the evolving discussion of standards in evaluating gerontological and geriatric programming. Geriatric Education Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
The Double Standard of Aging for Men and Women: Evidence From Across Europe, 2006–2018
Authors: Settersten Richard , Day Jack , Hagestad Gunhild 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Is there a “double standard” (i.e., a harsher judgment) in the perceived ages at which women and men reach old age, and have these judgments changed over time? We use European Social Survey data from 23 countries in 2006 and newly released data from 16 of those countries in 2018. In both 2006 and 2018, men typically assign women substantially earlier ages than women themselves do. In some places, however, men also give themselves lower ages than women give them. With respect to when women become old, the differential views of men and women are persistent. So is the fact that women differentiate less between the sexes¬–though men differentiate less in 2018 relative to 2006. We use multilevel modeling to examine variation explained by both individual characteristics and country indicators of demographic and policy contexts. Findings underscore the significance of the double standard in cultural constructions of aging.
The Story of Us: Older and Younger Couples’ Language and Emotional Responses to Jointly Told Relationship Narratives
Authors: Wilson Stephanie , Malarkey William , Kiecolt-Glaser Janice 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social-emotional well-being is said to improve with age, but evidence for age differences in couples’ behavior and emotions—studied primarily during marital conflict—has been mixed. Characteristics of jointly told relationship stories predict marital quality among newlyweds and long-married couples alike, yet younger and older couples’ accounts have never been compared. To examine age differences in couples’ emotional responses and in their I/we-talk, emotion word use, and immediacy (i.e., self-focused, present-tense style), 42 married couples ages 22–77 recounted their relationship’s history then rated the discussion and their moods. Compared to younger couples, older couples used more we than I language, more positive than negative words, and less immediacy. Partners in older pairs shared more similar language patterns. In turn, lower immediacy mediated links between older age and less negative mood, and explained husbands’ more positive appraisals. Indeed, relationship accounts reveal novel insights into age differences in marriage and well-being.
Improving Dementia Clinical Research Participation: Strategies From a Portland, Oregon, Pilot Study
Authors: Bouranis Nicole , Gelmon Sherril , Waddell Elizabeth Needham , Richardson Dawn , Woo Hyeyoung , Lindauer Allison 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The NIA’s strategy to improve ADRD clinical research participation emphasizes local community collaboration. Literature that focuses on a person with dementia’s decision to participate in research does not speak to specific state or local factors nor the effects of local efforts. This study aimed to develop strategies to improve dementia research participation in the Portland, OR metropolitan area. A community advisory board comprised of clinicians, researchers, advocates, people with dementia, family caregivers, and older African Americans was established for this project. Thirty-three interviews were conducted with clinicians, researchers, advocates, people with ADRD, and family caregivers. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Culture of Health Action Framework was used to conceptualize motivation strategies and reflect elements that describe research participation among people with dementia. Strategies were identified to improve dementia clinical research participation: 1) Identify and promote local champions for ADRD clinical research participation; 2) Promote policies and processes that incentive cross-sector collaboration; 3) Recognize caregivers as full research participants; 4) Include people with ADRD and caregivers in the research design process; 5) Offer alternative options to reduce participation burden; 6) Evaluate and improve relationships between healthcare/research staff and patients/participants. These strategies can be used in conjunction with the Culture of Health Action Framework as a roadmap to form organization-community partnerships, facilitate motivation and empowerment, give decision-making power to people with ADRD and promote a local culture of research. Studies should be conducted in a larger context or as pilots in other communities to determine contextual relevance and generalizability for other areas.
The Modifiability of the Stereotype Content Model Toward Older Adult Men and Women
Authors: Bisconti Michael Vale Toni , Sublett Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Older adults are often stereotyped in a paternalistic manner (warm, but incompetent), deserving of assistance regardless of their need. We have examined the veracity and malleability of this paternalistic stereotype using an experimental vignette with both male and female targets. Younger adults (N = 717) deemed it more necessary and appropriate to offer unnecessary help to older adults in a grocery store scenario. Additionally, competence was malleable for both older adult male and female targets if the older adults denied the offer of help. Interestingly, older women were viewed as warm, which did not change as a function of their response, whereas older men were initially viewed as colder, but their warmth ratings increased. In light of these findings, we will discuss the intersection of age and gender when considering the malleability of the warmth and competence dimensions of the paternalistic older adult stereotype.
Contemporary Approaches to the Study of Cognitive Aging
Authors: Hueluer Gizem , Stine-Morrow Elizabeth A L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cognitive aging research is gaining societal and practical importance because of population aging. Current research is focused on describing age differences and age-related changes in cognitive performance, understanding potential causes underlying these differences and changes, and identifying factors that promote maintenance of cognitive functioning in old age. The goal of this research group is to showcase new developments in research studying age differences in cognitive performance and longitudinal cognitive change in the second half of life. Hülür et al. examine associations between midlife occupational factors and trajectories of cognitive change using data from the German Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development and Aging (ILSE). Luo et al. use 12-year longitudinal data from 499 older participants in ILSE to study bidirectional associations between social relationships and cognitive performance. Small et al. examine the correspondence between objective and subjective cognitive performance, and measures of fatigue and depressed mood in experience sampling data from breast cancer survivors. Haas et al. compare laboratory and at-home online assessments of cognitive status and prospective memory over the adult lifespan and evaluate the quality of self-administered tests. The discussion by Elizabeth Stine-Morrow will focus on how these approaches contribute to our understanding of processes of cognitive aging and how they can be utilized to promote maintenance of cognitive functioning in old age.
Coping Mechanisms and Resilience in Later Life: The Role of Family and Friendship Ties in Diverse Settings
Authors: Chen Feinian , Gupta Rashmi , Zhang Zhenmei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The papers in this symposium explore different aspects of social ties and how they act as critical coping mechanisms in the face of negative circumstances in later life. Using data from diverse settings, including China, Singapore, and the U.S., these papers underscore the importance of strong family and friendship ties, as they offer older adults with strong protection against social isolation and adverse health outcomes. Gupta and Pilai explore the similarity and differences in coping strategies/resilience among a diverse group of 30 U.S. older adults. Results point to the saliency of support from friends, regardless of race/ethnicity. Visaria addresses the relationship between the expression of loneliness and objective measures of social networks among older adults in Singapore. The findings shed light on how meaningful companionship and desired social connection offer powerful buffers against isolation in later life. Ruan and Chen explore which types of social ties offer the strongest protection when Chinese older adults are coping with the aftermath of negative life events. Findings point to the need to look beyond filial obligations and to consider the interplay among various forms of social support, including family, friends and the broader community. Zhang et al. examine the role of family and friendship ties in a rural Chinese community where many older adults were left behind by migrant children. The results suggest that those who are isolated from friends experience more depressive symptoms while those with close-knit friendship ties are the most resilient.
Negative Life Events, Social Ties, and Depressive Symptoms for Older Adults in China
Authors: Ruan Hangqing , Chen Feinian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Negative life events are considered important risk factors of depression among older adults. An overwhelming amount of literature suggests that individuals with the most supportive social relations tend to make a better recovery from stressful life events. As for which types of ties matter the most, whether being family, relatives, friends or the broader community, existing literature is much less consistent and has documented varying effects across different contexts. This study is set in China, which traditionally relies on family systems and filial obligations for old-age support. Using two waves of data from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, we examine the protective effect of different types of social relations on depressive symptoms, including those who are living in the household, children who live close by or far away, as well as their ties with family, relatives, and friends.
Greater Subjective Well-Being Associated With Lower Inflammatory Proteins in an Older Adult Sample From the NHATS
Authors: Hladek Melissa , Chung Shang-En , Cudjoe Thomas K M , Samuel Laura , Szanton Sarah , Roth David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Subjective well-being (SWB), comprised of cognitive and affective evaluations of life, is associated with better health outcomes and lower mortality, but mechanisms are poorly understood. We examine the associations between SWB and its subscales with two biomarkers: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP), both common inflammatory indicators associated with mortality and increased cardiovascular disease. Dried blood spot data collected from 4,648 older adults NHATS participants in 2017 was used. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, tobacco, body mass index and chronic disease, we found greater SWB and greater scores on subscales including positive affect, self-realization and personal mastery were all significantly associated with decreased IL-6 and CRP. Conversely, increases in negative affect was significantly associated with increased IL-6 and CRP values. This study adds evidence of a potential mechanistic mind-body connection pathway.
You Can’t Just Hope for the Best: VA and Non-VA Home-Based Long-Term Care in Puerto Rico Following Hurricane Maria
Authors: Haverhals Leah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research describes how home-based long-term care settings in Puerto Rico, connected to the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and in non-VA settings, prepared for and secured the safety and wellbeing of elderly and disabled persons during and after Hurricane Maria, which struck Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017. I collected data via in-person interviews, home visits, and field observations between January-March 2019. Guided by a social vulnerability and health model, I interviewed a multitude of people connected to and/or caring for elderly and disabled populations in these settings. Results emphasize importance of disaster preparedness, incorporating lessons learned from hardships, and how Puerto Rico’s colonial status and economic realities influenced recovery. VA’s interconnected nature provided a stronger support network compared to non-VA settings that were often independently or family run. Regardless of setting, the resilience and collaborative spirit of Puerto Ricans proved instrumental in recovery and disaster management.
Preparedness and Response Activities of the VA Home-Based Primary Care Program Around the Fall 2017 Hurricane Season
Authors: Wyte-Lake Tamar , Der-Martirosian Claudia , Dobalian Aram 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individuals aged seventy-five or older, who often present with multiple comorbidities and decreased functional status, typically prefer to age in their homes. Additionally, as in-home medical equipment evolves, more medically vulnerable individuals can receive care at home. Concomitantly, large-scale natural disasters disproportionally affect both the medically complex and the older old, two patient groups responsible for most medical surge after a disaster. To understand how to ameliorate this surge, we examined the activities of the nine US Department of Veterans Affairs Home-Based Primary Care programs during the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season. These and similar programs under Medicare connect the homebound to the healthcare community. Study findings support early implementation of preparedness procedures and intense post-Hurricane patient tracking as a means of limiting reductions in care and preventing significant disruptions to patient health. Engaging with home-based primary care programs during disasters is central to bolstering community resilience for these at-risk populations.
Findings From the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project: Individual Differences, Well-Being, and Cognition
Authors: Siedlecki Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (VCAP) is a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of cognitive functioning in a large sample of healthy community-dwelling adults between the ages of18-99 years (Salthouse,2009). Data are collected on several domains of cognitive functioning and subjective ratings of cognition, as well as a myriad of individual difference characteristics including self-reports of physical activity, cognitive activity, social support, personality, well-being, and affective measures. This symposium focuses on findings from VCAP that examine cross-sectional and longitudinal links between individual difference characteristics, indicators of well-being, and objective and subjective cognition. These topics include the cross-sectional assessment of &gt;5,000 participants on the mediating role of Need for Cognition on the relationship between cognition and well-being (Yazdani & Siedlecki) and the relationship between social support and ratings of subjective cognition (Mueller & Minahan). Jung uses cross-lagged analyses to assess temporal relationships between physical and cognitive activity and cognition. Falzarano et al. present findings regarding the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective measures of cognition. Finally, Minahan and Siedlecki present findings examining the temporal relationship between ratings of loneliness and depression over time. The symposium provides insights into the complex role of individual differences characteristics and cognitive functioning across the adult lifespan.
Early Life Circumstances and Cognitive Aging: Longitudinal Evidence From China Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Lin Zhuoer , Chen Xi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives: This study examines the long-term relationship between early life circumstances and later life cognitive aging. In particular, we differentiate the long-term effects of early life circumstances on level of cognitive deficit and rate of cognitive decline. Methods: Cognitive trajectories were measured using three waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys (CHARLS 2011-2015). Linear mixed-effect model was used to decompose the individual level of cognitive deficit and rate of cognitive change in a sample of Chinese middle-aged and older adults 45-90 years of age (N=6,700). These two dimensions of cognition were matched to four domains of early life circumstances using CHARLS Life History Survey (2014), including childhood socioeconomic status, neighborhood environment, social relationships and health conditions. Their associations were examined by linear regressions. Stratification analysis was further conducted to investigate the mediating effect of education on early life circumstances and cognitive aging. Results: Childhood socioeconomic status, childhood friendship and early life health conditions were significantly associated with both the level of cognitive deficit and rate of decline. In contrast, the community environment, including childhood neighborhood safety and social cohesion, only affected the baseline level of cognitive deficit; and childhood relationship with parents only affected the rate of cognitive decline. Moreover, education was found to be a mediating factor of these relationships. Conclusion: Exposure to disadvantaged early life circumstances have significant negative effects on later life cognitive deficit as well as rate of cognitive decline. Nevertheless, these long-term impacts can be partially ameliorated by higher educational attainment.
What Thinking Like a Bioethicist Can Bring to Dementia Research
Authors: Berlinger Nancy , de Medeiros Kate , Girling Laura 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bioethics is an interdisciplinary field that uses critical and empirical tools to explore and make recommendations concerning uncertainty about duties to others, including socially marginalized populations. In the context of social science or biomedical research involving people living alone with dementia, practical challenges in conducting research with capacity-impaired participants have ethical dimensions concerning informed consent and other aspects of research conduct. The underrepresentation in dementia research of the voices and perspectives of people living at home with dementia raises normative questions. Using data from a recent National Institute on Aging bioethics supplemental grant, this paper explores how thinking like a bioethicist can strengthen gerontological research. This paper examines areas such as precarity of housing, poverty and social interactions from a bioethicist’s critical analysis/perspective and provides a framework for others to apply to their own research.