bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Development Activities of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Madukwe Michael C. , Dimelu Mabel U. 
Published: October 2020

The study examined trends in development activities of the Anambra State Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development between 1991 and 2013. The study identified the trends in policy and programme initiation, staff recruitment and development, and funding, in the ministry. It employed secondary data through records, documents and annual reports. Results show variation in the percentages of programme initiated and implemented within each year between 1991 and 2013. The ministry did not participate in formulating policies in 46% of the programmes implemented in the state. However, 46% of all the programmes initiated had been concluded, while 54% of all the programmes initiated in the state are still active. The results showed that a total of 403 staff were recruited within the period into the various departments, with the highest number of recruitment (252) occurring between 1991-and 1995 and the least (22) took place from 2006 to 2010. The majority (91) of staff recruited had the ordinary national diploma (OND) and only 30 and 3 persons had the bachelor of science and doctor of philosophy, respectively. The trend in the funding pattern dwindled over time. Out of the five listed human capacity building programmes, staff trainings were organised only between 1991-1995 and 1996-2000). There is need for a change in government commitment to agriculture in the area of funding, human resource and policy as these are key drivers of development. Government should increase the proportion of manpower and create adequate opportunity for training and development of staff of the ministry.
Keywords: Policy and programmes of the ministry of agriculture, funding of ministry of agriculture, staff recruitment and capacity building.
Strategic planning approach to the development of contract farming in the Egyptian sugar industry
Authors: Kassem Hazem S. , Alotaibi Bader Alhafi , Bagadeem Salim 
Published: October 2020

The strategies required to develop contract farming in the Egyptian sugar industry were examined by applying the Strength-Weakness-OpportunitiesThreats (SWOT) approach in combination with an analytic hierarchy process. Data were collected from sugar beet farmers, extension workers, experts, and employees of the Dakhalia Sugar and Refining Company in Egypt. Market risk has the highest overall priority score among the strengths. Noncommitment of farmers to harvest time received the highest overall priority score among the weaknesses, while valorization of sugar industry wastes had the highest overall priority score among the opportunities, and accumulation of large reserves of sugar at the factory was perceived as the most important threat to the sugar industry. These findings can be used to formulate strategies based on current situation analysis and create suitable conditions for successful contract farming in the sugar sector.
Keywords: strategies; SWOT-AHP; contract farming; sugar industry; Egypt
Mental Health Status of Nepalese Students during Novel Coronavirus Disease (nCOVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Karmacharya Isha , Shrestha Shital , Paudel Sachina , Adhikari Laxmi , Bhujel Kshitiz , Shakya Karuna Laxmi 
Published: October 2020

Background: Since the wave of COVID-19, human life has highly been affected due to government endorsement of containment measures to control the disease. Education system has been held back and students are one of those who are greatly affected. Thus, this study attempts to find out the mental health status of Nepalese students during novel coronavirus Disease (nCOVID-19) pandemic.
Methodology: A web-based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted from 9 May to 29 May 2020 among students of Nepal aged 18 years and above. A structured questionnaire was adopted from DASS-21. The obtained data were entered in Epidata v.3.1. and were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive frequency, percent and mean were calculated, and chi-square test was performed for bivariate analysis.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 21.4±2.7 years. This study found optimal mental health status among Nepalese students. Perceived family relationship however, showed statistical significance in all three mental health parameters (p<0.001); depression, anxiety and stress. Depression was found to be comparatively more in females (p<0.05), and those who held Bachelor’s and above degrees have shown presence of anxiety (p<0.05) and stress (p<0.05) relatively than those holding below degrees.
Conclusion: Optimal mental health status among Nepalese students was found during the nationwide lockdown. Perceived family relationship however, showed statistical significance in all three mental health parameters. This is a wake-up call for education system to focus on socio-emotional skills – empathy and solidarity in easing this pandemic crisis confronted by young learners and their families.
CONFLUÊNCIAS E PLURIPOTENCIALIDADES DAS RELIGIÕES AFRO-BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Santos Vanessa Silva dos , Seidel Roberto Henrique 
Published: October 2020

Partindo dos conceitos de confluência e pluripotência, tratados por Antônio Bispo dos Santos, na obra Colonização, quilombos: modos e significações (2015), explicitamos diferentes modos de existir e resistir das religiões afro-brasileiras em território diaspórico. Por meio dos exemplos das manifestações religiosas do terecô, da cidade de Codó, no Maranhão, e do jarê, da Chapada Diamantina, na Bahia, argumentamos em favor da pluripotencialidade e do bem viver em confluência com a natureza e as relações estabelecidas com os seres intangíveis enquanto dispositivos dessas comunidades em sua continuidade e salvaguarda. Com isso, pretendemos demonstrar aos leitores como a plasticidade dessas religiosidades não apenas colabora historicamente para a sua continuidade, mas também lhes confere a possibilidade de constante transformação, no sentido de sua repotencialização por intermédio da heterogoneidade de confluências.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Confluência. Pluripotência. Religiões afro-brasileiras. Jarê. Terecô.
O QUESTIONAMENTO DO EXIBICIONISMO MACHISTA NA OBRA DE ELVIRA VIGNA
Authors: Barberena Ricardo Araújo , Schmidt Ana Carolina 
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho encarrega-se de vislumbrar a representação das mulheres, principalmente as personagens que exercem trabalho sexual, na obra de Elvira Vigna, Como se estivéssemos em palimpsesto de putas (2016). A narrativa expõe a perspectiva machista que persegue as mulheres em geral e apresenta uma série de estigmas para então derrubá-los com os questionamentos de uma aguçada narradora. Homi Bhabha estabelece que o estereótipo é uma cadeia contínua de outros estereótipos, tal conceito norteará a análise, posto que trataremos dos aspectos que compõem a representação das personagens. Ainda sobre as ferramentas de opressão abordaremos as palavras Pierre Bourdieu sobre violência simbólica, assim como elucidaremos acerca de identidade e representação com o amparo de Regina Dalcastagné e Stuart Hall. Debruçando-nos sobre o texto ficcional apontaremos a visão falocêntrica que surge para ser problematizada ou até mesmo ridicularizada, expondo assim o exibicionismo machista.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mulher. Estereótipo. Subjetividade.
A SOCIEDADE DO CANSAÇO NA PAULICEIA DE LUCIANA TONELLI
Authors: Laranjeira Antonio Eduardo Soares 
Published: October 2020

Flagrantes do tempo: poema-reportagem na pauliceia, de Luciana Tonelli, pode ser considerado como um conjunto de poemas que, apesar das singularidades, compõem uma unidade, nomeada pela poeta “poema-reportagem”. Lido como um percurso por São Paulo, o livro expõe, pelo olhar do sujeito lírico voyeur, o cotidiano urbano capitalista, em que o tempo é fragmentado e, ora os indivíduos estão submetidos à voracidade e à velocidade das horas, ora ao tempo que permite a deriva do olhar. Neste trabalho, pretende-se, a partir de poemas selecionados, refletir sobre como a configuração da urbe capitalista contemporânea limita as vidas dos cidadãos, dando forma ao que Byung-Chul Han denomina sociedade do cansaço. Por uma abordagem transdisciplinar dos estudos literários, busca-se perceber na lírica de Luciana Tonelli como o sujeito urbano é representado em sua exaustão, bem como em condições favoráveis para a reinvenção de suas vidas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Luciana Tonelli. Sociedade do cansaço. Sujeito lírico voyeur.
CHALLENGES PARENTS FACE IN LEARNING KENYAN SIGN LANGUAGE: HEARING PARENTS OF DEAF CHILDREN’S PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Luchivya Rosemary Ogada , Omolo Tom Mboya , Onditi Sharon Anyango 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the challenges faced in learning Kenyan sign language from the perspective of hearing parents of deaf learners.
Methodology: This study employed case study design, qualitative research approach adopting the interpretive paradigm. The study adopted purposive sampling technique to come up with a study sample of 177 informants. Data was collected using interview schedules, Focus Group Discussion guides and Document analysis guide. Qualitative data was transcribed, coded and organized into themes and reported.
Findings: Results revealed that parents had three major challenges in learning Kenyan sign language: that Kenyan sign language was too difficult to learn, it was too costly to learn and that the institutions for parents to learn in were not readily available.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The recommendations of this study were that; hearing parents of children with hearing impairments be given support in the process of learning Kenyan sign language and that parents should make deliberate efforts to learn Kenyan sign language and other modes of communication in order to communicate with their children with hearing impairments.
Incidencia de adenocarcinoma en zona transicional de próstata en institución pública. Cochabamba, Bolivia
Authors: Ferrufino Iriarte Javier , López Ovando Nicol , Luizaga Salazar Alejandra , López Vargas Daniel 
Published: October 2020

El cáncer en la zona de transición representa el 20-25% de los casos (en piezas de prostatectomías radicales), su diagnóstico con frecuencia es de manera incidental, siendo identificados clínicamente como supuestos adenomas. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia de Adenocarcinoma en la Zona transicional de Próstata e identificar etapas precancerosas en pacientes con clínica de HPB. Métodos: estudio longitudinal de tipo retrospectivo desde el 2013-2018 en la ciudad de Cochabamba-Bolivia; población de estudio: pacientes sometidos a prostatectomía simple, retropúbica y/o transvesical. Recolección de datos: a partir de historias clínicas, en pacientes con clínica de hiperplasia benigna de próstata y PSA total < 4 ng/ml. Resultados: se identificó 76 pacientes, de los cuales; 5 pacientes resultaron con Adenocarcinoma y 9 pacientes con: Neoplasia Intraepitelial Prostática de Alto Grado 2,6 %, Proliferación acinar pequeña atípica 7,9%, representando así un 10,5%. En cuanto a la invasión representaron un 5,3% con invasión perineal, 2,6% invasión linfovascular y ninguno con invasión extravascular. Discusión: pacientes con cáncer de próstata zona transicional, presentan un Antígeno prostático específico alto susceptibles a Adenocarcinoma. Sin embargo, en esta investigación se encontró Adenocarcinoma de próstata de alto riesgo con Antígeno prostático específico total menor a 4 ng/ml. A pesar de los instrumentos clínicos e indicaciones para la decisión de terapia quirúrgica de una supuesta hiperplasia prostática benigna, existe en el estudio una incidencia del 6,5% de Adenocarcinoma en Zona Transicional, con un 10,5 % de incidencia de presentación de formas precancerosas y el 17,1% de los pacientes del estudio se encuentran en riesgo de letalidad de la enfermedad.
El tratamiento intralesional de Leishmaniasis cutánea es seguro frente al riesgo de complicaciones mucosas?
Authors: Limachi-Choque Jhonny Wilson , Rojas-Cabrera Ernesto , Verduguez-Orellana Aleida , Eid-Rodríguez Daniel 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: evaluar la seguridad a largo plazo frente al riesgo de complicaciones mucosas del uso intralesional de antimoniales pentavalentes en pacientes con Leishmaniasis cutánea comparado con el uso sistémico de los mismos. Métodos: estudio observacional, cuantitativo de tipo longitudinal retrospectivo. Se analizó un total de 66 registros clínicos de pacientes, con diagnóstico de Leishmaniasis cutánea del parque Isiboro Secure durante el periodo 2012 a 2016. Se evaluó un total de 46 tratamientos sistémicos y 20 intralesionales. Resultados: la evaluación clínica realizada entre 4 y 7 años posteriores a la cicatrización de las lesiones cutáneas de Leishmaniasis mostró la ausencia de desarrollo de lesiones mucosas. Así mismo no se reportó fallas terapéuticas, recidivas ni efectos adversos a corto plazo. Conclusiones: el tratamiento intralesional fue seguro y eficaz a largo plazo y es una opción confiable para el tratamiento de Leishmaniasis cutánea evitando las complicaciones futuras de la enfermedad.
As imagens do professor na rede social “facebook”: contradições e relações com a precarização
Authors: Pereira Vanessa Terra , Aragão José Euzébio de Oliveira Souza , Vieira Akauan Arrais 
Published: October 2020

A estruturação capitalista das últimas décadas, marcada pela globalização da economia, das mudanças políticas, e do modelo neoliberal desencadearam uma reestruturação produtiva, em todos os setores da economia, produzindo reflexos no mundo do trabalho. Na educação, essas mudanças afetaram significativamente o trabalho do professor. A cada dia esse profissional é exposto a difíceis situações em seu trabalho, e a internet tem sido muitas vezes, o canal para mostrar o descontentamento com a profissão e o prestígio abalado. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar como a imagem docente é retratada no ambiente virtual, especificamente, no facebook, identificando, principalmente, imagens que denotam aspectos de precarização da profissão. Para análise das imagens buscou-se respaldo no conceito do imaginário coletivo. A metodologia seguiu a abordagem qualitativa, o tipo de pesquisa caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa netnográfica e teve como tratamento da informação a análise do conteúdo. A pesquisa foi realizada na fanpage “Profissão Professor”, sua observação e acompanhamento foram realizados entre os anos de 2012-2017. Na coleta foram localizadas 88 imagens que apresentavam aspectos que denotavam particularidades de precarização. Através da análise percebeu-se que os aspectos comumente presentes nas imagens envolvem o desrespeito e desvalorização pela profissão, a saúde do professor, a remuneração e as condições de trabalho. Concluiu-se que as imagens traduzem a desvalorização e exaltam as precárias condições de trabalho. A reprodução dessas imagens no imaginário coletivo pode servir para que se perpetue a imagem estigmatizada da profissão ou produzir elementos de luta. A profissão clama por um sentido de valorização.
The Man Who Would Be Galt
Authors: Hardin Dennis C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn 1958, Nathaniel Branden founded what would become the Nathaniel Branden Institute and launched the Objectivist movement through a course of twenty lectures he called “The Basic Principles of Objectivism.” In 2009, that lecture series became a book and an important historical record. This review captures the essence of those lectures while also taking a close look at Branden’s philosophical odyssey. It attempts to recount whether and how far the man whom Ayn Rand saw as the living image of John Galt distanced himself from the guidance he had once given in the years after NBI closed its doors forever.
Ayn Rand: Mean Girl?
Authors: Gladstein Mimi Reisel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Lisa Duggan’s book, Mean Girl: Ayn Rand and the Culture of Greed, offers an extremely negative portrait of Rand’s ideas as the height of meanness and greed and the perfect embodiment for the political era of Donald Trump. Its unbalanced and hostile presentation of Rand’s philosophy and impact is not for those who seek a more objective approach to Objectivism.
Ayn Rand and Christianity: The Virtuous Parallels
Authors: Wollen Amos 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mark David Henderson’s book, The Soul of Atlas, defends the view that there is more common ground than is usually believed between Christianity and Objectivism. Despite some minor aesthetic difficulties, the book is well written, making it easily accessible as an introductory text to the Christian/Objectivist debate. After making some minor recommendations as to how the book could have been improved, the author concludes that The Soul of Atlas’s place in the Objectivist literature is one of a “conversation starter,” not a “groundbreaking” work of Christian/Objectivist synthesis.
Metal Oxide Nanowires as Building Blocks for Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Costas Andreea , Preda Nicoleta , Florica Camelia , Enculescu Ionut 
Published: October 2020

Metal oxide nanowires have become the new building blocks for the next generation optoelectronic devices due to their specific features such as quantum confinement and high aspect ratio. Thus, they can be integrated as active components in diodes, field effect transistors, photodetectors, sensors, solar cells and so on. ZnO, a n-type semiconductor with a direct wide band gap (3.3 eV) and CuO, a p-type semiconductor with a narrow band gap (1.2–1.5 eV), are two metal oxides which were recently in the spotlight of the researchers for applications in the optoelectronic devices area. Therefore, in this chapter we focused on ZnO and CuO nanowires, the metal oxides nanowire arrays being prepared by straightforward wet and dry methods. Further, in order to emphasize their intrinsic transport properties, lithographic and thin films deposition techniques were used to integrate single ZnO and CuO nanowires into diodes and field effect transistors.
HER2 Testing for Breast Cancer in the Genomics Laboratory: A Sea Change for Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Authors: Geiersbach Katherine B. , Sill Daniel R. , Meyer Reid G. , Yuhas Jason A. , Sukov William R. , Mounajjed Taofic , Carter Jodi M. , Jenkins Robert B. , Chen Beiyun 
Published: October 2020

Context.—
Guidelines for HER2 testing in breast cancer have changed over time, from the US Food and Drug Administration guideline to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines published in 2007, 2013, and 2018.

Objective.—
To investigate the change in assignment of HER2 status in breast cancers with equivocal (2+) immunohistochemistry (IHC) results by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) following implementation of the ASCO/CAP 2018 guideline.

Design.—
The study included 3556 invasive breast cancers that were HER2 equivocal (2+) by IHC and were submitted to our FISH laboratory after July 2018. Reflex testing (with repeat IHC staining) was performed on certain categories of FISH results known as groups 2, 3, and 4. Concomitant review of IHC and FISH was performed on these reflex cases per 2018 guideline recommendations. The FISH data were analyzed to compare US Food and Drug Administration and ASCO/CAP 2007, 2013, and 2018 interpretations.

Results.—
Of 3548 invasive breast cancers with complete data available, the percentage agreement for FISH according to different guidelines was highest for ASCO/CAP 2018 versus US Food and Drug Administration (96.5%), followed by ASCO/CAP 2018 versus 2007 (93.8%), and lowest with ASCO/CAP 2018 versus 2013 (83.7%). Per the 2018 guideline, reflex IHC testing was performed on 633 breast cancers (17.8%); the majority of reflex testing results were negative (541 of 633; 85.5%). The overall distribution of HER2 FISH results (per the 2018 guideline) was 88.5% negative and 11.5% positive.

Conclusions.—
By eliminating the equivocal FISH category, the 2018 ASCO/CAP guideline significantly reduced the HER2 FISH–positive rate in tumors with equivocal (2+) IHC results.
Contamination and oxidative stress biomarkers in estuarine fish following a mine tailing disaster
Authors: Gabriel Fabrício Â. , Hauser-Davis Rachel Ann , Soares Lorena , Mazzuco Ana Carolina A. , Rocha Rafael Christian Chavez , Saint Pierre Tatiana D. , Saggioro Enrico , Correia Fabio Verissimo , Ferreira Tiago O. , Bernardino Angelo F. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe Rio Doce estuary, in Brazil, was impacted by the deposition of iron mine tailings, caused by the collapse of a dam in 2015. Based on published baseline datasets, the estuary has been experiencing chronic trace metal contamination effects since 2017, with potential bioaccumulation in fishes and human health risks. As metal and metalloid concentrations in aquatic ecosystems pose severe threats to the aquatic biota, we hypothesized that the trace metals in estuarine sediments nearly two years after the disaster would lead to bioaccumulation in demersal fishes and result in the biosynthesis of metal-responsive proteins.MethodsWe measured As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn concentrations in sediment samples in August 2017 and compared to published baseline levels. Also, trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Se and Zn) and protein (metallothionein and reduced glutathione) concentrations were quantified in the liver and muscle tissues of five fish species (Cathorops spixii,Genidens genidens,Eugerres brasilianus,Diapterus rhombeusandMugilsp.) from the estuary, commonly used as food sources by local populations.ResultsOur results revealed high trace metal concentrations in estuarine sediments, when compared to published baseline values for the same estuary. The demersal fish speciesC. spixiiandG. genidenshad the highest concentrations of As, Cr, Mn, Hg, and Se in both, hepatic and muscle, tissues. Trace metal bioaccumulation in fish was correlated with the biosynthesis of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in both, liver and muscle, tissues, suggesting active physiological responses to contamination sources. The trace metal concentrations determined in fish tissues were also present in the estuarine sediments at the time of this study. Some elements had concentrations above the maximum permissible limits for human consumption in fish muscles (e.g., As, Cr, Mn, Se and Zn), suggesting potential human health risks that require further studies. Our study supports the high biogeochemical mobility of toxic elements between sediments and the bottom-dwelling biota in estuarine ecosystems.
A Case Report of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 with Adjuvant Use of Bauhinia forficata in Pharmacological Treatment
Authors: Souza Igor Domingos de , Ramos Eliza Miranda , Reis Francisco José Mendes dos , Vieira Hugo Miguel Ramos , Ramos Iara Barbosa , Teodoro Pamella Aline Miranda , Rosa Ana Carla Gomes , Abreu Antonio Carlos de , Lima Janete Pereira , Facco Gilberto Gonçalves , Nascimento Valter Aragão do 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Bauhinia forficata, has presented in several interesting effects for the diabetic human organism as the adjuvant treatment. Its effects have been tested and proven in scientific studies in the Unified Health System in Brazil.
Aims: Verify the effects of the medicinal plant Bauhinia forficata as an aid in the control of glycemic indexes.
Methodology: Case report with exploratory descriptive study with a quantitative approach, using direct observation techniques of the Dáder method adapted to the use of herbal medicines such as Bauhinia forficata.
Results: In this study, there was a decrease in triglyceride levels with a drop of 77%, which despite not reaching the recommended values ​​for diabetic patients (<150 mg/dl) is quite significant. Conclusion: Bauhinia forficata used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus has anti-inflammatory actions that contribute to reduce glycated hemoglobin and, thus decrease fasting and postprandial glucose.