bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and Morphology of Martensite in β-Cu-Zn Alloys with Minor Al Additions
Authors: Kaaden T. , Wutzler P. , Lippmann S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The limits of occurrence and the morphology of martensite in Cu-Zn-Al alloys with 30 to 50 wt pct Zn and ≤ 1.5 wt pct Al have been investigated. In samples with concentration gradients, various conditions for the competition between martensitic and massive transformation have been observed. Microstructural details of martensite were obtained by combining vibration polishing, chemical or plasma etching and polarized light, backscattered electron channeling contrast or electron backscatter diffraction analysis. Depending on the cooling rate, martensite undergoes a morphological change from self-accommodating thin plates to lenticular shaped plates, which is documented for the first time in Cu-based alloys. The number of martensite twins in the investigated compositional range was found to be significantly smaller than that in commercial Cu-Zn-Al alloys that are used as shape memory alloys.
Another umbrella murder? – A rare case of Minamata disease
Authors: Albers Anne , Gies Ursula , Raatschen Hans-Jurgen , Klintschar Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report a rare case of fatal intoxication in a 40-year-old man caused by injection of a fluid containing organic mercury, allegedly in an attack with a syringe fixed to the tip of an umbrella. The man suffered from severe neurological symptoms and progressive multiorgan failure and died 10 months later in refractory status epilepticus. Autopsy revealed severe brain atrophy and non-specific kidney damage. Neuropathological examination showed neuronal loss especially in the occipital lobe, distinct granule cell necrosis in the cerebellum and Wallerian degeneration in the brainstem. Postmortem toxicological analysis revealed extremely increased levels of mercury in liver and kidney tissue as well as methylmercury levels in peripheral blood.
Stability Test of PACAP in Eye Drops
Authors: Kovacs Anita K. , Atlasz Tamas , Werling Dora , Szabo Edina , Reglodi Dora , Toth Gabor K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPACAP is a neuropeptide with widespread distribution and diverse biological functions. It has strong cytoprotective effects mediated mainly through specific PAC1 receptors. Experimental data show protective effects of PACAP in the retina and cornea in several pathological conditions. Although intravitreal injections are a common practice in some ocular diseases, delivery of therapeutic agents in the form of eye drops would be more convenient and would lead to fewer side effects. We have previously shown that PACAP, in the form of eye drops, is able to pass through the ocular barriers and can exert retinoprotective effects. As eye drops represent a promising form of administration of PACAP in ocular diseases, it is important to investigate the stability of PACAP in solutions used in eye drops. In this study, the stability of PACAP1-27 and PACAP1-38 in eye drops was measured in four common media and a commercially available artificial tear solution at both room temperature and +4 °C. Mass spectrometry results show that the highest stability was gained with PACAP1-38 in water and 0.9% saline solution at +4 °C, representing 80–90% drug persistence after 2 weeks. PACAP1-38 in the artificial tear showed very fast degradation at room temperature, but was stable at +4 °C. In summary, PACAP1-38 has higher stability than PACAP1-27, with highest stability at +4 °C in water solution, but both peptides in each medium can be stored for relatively longer periods without significant degradation. These data can provide reference for future therapeutic use of PACAP in eye drops.
Chinese Students Choosing Hungarian Tertiary Education: a Systematic Review
Authors: Xueyan Li 
Published: April 2020

AbstractChina has been the leading source of foreign students pursuing tertiary degrees in other countries. The incoming Chinese students in Hungary comprised the third highest number of foreign students in the country in 2016. This paper examines the Chinese students’ motivations for choosing the Hungarian education system, with the purpose of gaining a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the flow of Chinese students to Hungary. In terms of methodology, this paper uses the systematic review protocol by retrieving relevant literatures. The author developed the main factors influencing Chinese students’ choice of the Hungarian education system, which are social class inequality and the modernization process from the Chinese perspective; meanwhile, the state policy perceptions, the institution, and community influence are encouraging from the Hungarian views. Moreover, individual motivation and the challenges of “invisible academic performance in the classroom” are explored with regard to Chinese students in Hungary. This article practically contributes to policy implications for Hungarian higher education in the international environment and inspires Chinese students who are from the lower socioeconomic classes.
PYTAF: A Python Tool for Spatially Resampling Earth Observation Data
Authors: Zhao Guangyu , Yang Muqun , Gao Yizhao , Zhan Yizhe , Lee H. Joe , Di Girolamo Larry 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarth observation data have revolutionized Earth science and significantly enhanced the ability to forecast weather, climate and natural hazards. The storage format of the majority of Earth observation data can be classified into swath, grid or point structures. Earth science studies frequently involve resampling between swath, grid and point data when combining measurements from multiple instruments, which can provide more insights into geophysical processes than using any single instrument alone. As the amount of Earth observation data increases each day, the demand for a high computational efficient tool to resample and fuse Earth observation data has never been greater. We present a software tool, called pytaf, that resamples Earth observation data stored in swath, grid or point structures using a novel block indexing algorithm. This tool is specially designed to process large scale datasets. The core functions of pytaf were implemented in C with OpenMP to enable parallel computations in a shared memory environment. A user-friendly python interface was also built. The tool has been extensively tested on supercomputers and successfully used to resample the data from five instruments on the EOS-Terra platform at a mission-wide scale.
Carbon Sources in the Sediments of a Restoring vs. Historically Unaltered Salt Marsh
Authors: Drexler Judith Z. , Davis Melanie J. , Woo Isa , De La Cruz Susan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSalt marshes provide the important ecosystem service of carbon storage in their sediments; however, little is known about the sources of such carbon and whether they differ between historically unaltered and restoring systems. In this study, stable isotope analysis was used to quantify carbon sources in a restoring, sparsely vegetated marsh (Restoring) and an adjacent, historically unaltered marsh (Reference) in the Nisqually River Delta (NRD) of Washington, USA. Three sediment cores were collected at “Inland” and “Seaward” locations at both marshes ~ 6 years after restoration. Benthic diatoms, C3 plants, C4 plants, and particulate organic matter (POM) were collected throughout the NRD. δ13C and δ15N values of sources and sediments were used in a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to determine the contribution of each carbon source to the sediments of both marshes. Autochthonous marsh C3 plants contributed 73 ± 10% (98 g C m−2 year−1) and 89 ± 11% (119 g C m−2 year−1) to Reference-Inland and Reference-Seaward sediment carbon sinks, respectively. In contrast, the sediment carbon sink at the Restoring Marsh received a broad assortment of predominantly allochthonous materials, which varied in relative contribution based on source distance and abundance. Marsh POM contributed the most to Restoring-Seaward (42 ± 34%) (69 g C m−2 year−1) followed by Riverine POM at Restoring-Inland (32 ± 41%) (52 g C m−2 year−1). Overall, this study demonstrates that largely unvegetated, restoring marshes can accumulate carbon by relying predominantly on allochthonous material, which comes mainly from the most abundant and closest estuarine sources.
Seven Paradoxes of Business Process Management in a Hyper-Connected World
Authors: Beverungen Daniel , Buijs Joos C. A. M. , Becker Jörg , Di Ciccio Claudio , van der Aalst Wil M. P. , Bartelheimer Christian , vom Brocke Jan , Comuzzi Marco , Kraume Karsten , Leopold Henrik , Matzner Martin , Mendling Jan , Ogonek Nadine , Post Till , Resinas Manuel , Revoredo Kate , del-Río-Ortega Adela , La Rosa Marcello , Santoro Flávia Maria , Solti Andreas , Song Minseok , Stein Armin , Stierle Matthias , Wolf Verena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBusiness Process Management is a boundary-spanning discipline that aligns operational capabilities and technology to design and manage business processes. The Digital Transformation has enabled human actors, information systems, and smart products to interact with each other via multiple digital channels. The emergence of this hyper-connected world greatly leverages the prospects of business processes – but also boosts their complexity to a new level. We need to discuss how the BPM discipline can find new ways for identifying, analyzing, designing, implementing, executing, and monitoring business processes. In this research note, selected transformative trends are explored and their impact on current theories and IT artifacts in the BPM discipline is discussed to stimulate transformative thinking and prospective research in this field.
Preparation and quality evaluation of sardines sauce rich in omega-3 using the combination of pineapple fruit extracts and fermentation times
Authors: Mahrus H. , Zulkifli Lalu , Rasmi Dewa Ayu Citra , Sedijani Prapti 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA present study aimed at evaluating sardine sauce quality used a treatment combination of pineapple fruit extract, and fermentation times. It used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern. The results showed a pineapple fruit extracts and fermentation times affected significantly on sardine sauce quality (P < 0.05). There was an interaction between pineapple fruit extract and fermentation times on sardine sauce quality. A pineapple fruit extract of 10% and fermentation times of 13 days produced sardine sauce best quality, with a protein content (17.38%), moisture (74.45%), omega-3 (19.68%), pH (5.23), taste value of 3.68, color of 4.52, and aroma of 2.99, respectively, but, consumers did not like it so much. It has passed a National Standard of Indonesia, which sets the minimum level of protein of 5%, and pH ranges from 5.0 to 6.0.
War, Health and Ecosystem: Generative Metaphors in Cybersecurity Governance
Authors: Slupska Julia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPolicy-makers involved in cybersecurity governance should pay close attention to the ‘generative metaphors’ they use to describe and understand new technologies. Generative metaphors structure our understanding of policy problems by imposing mental models of both the problem and possible solutions. As a result, they can also constrain ethical reasoning about new technologies, by uncritically carrying over assumptions about moral roles and obligations from an existing domain. The discussion of global governance of cybersecurity problems has to date been dominated by the metaphor of ‘cyber war’. In this paper, I argue that this metaphor diminishes possibilities for international collaboration in this area by limiting states to reactive policies of naming and shaming rather than proactive actions to address systemic features of cyberspace. We suggest that alternative metaphors—such as health, ecosystem, and architecture—can help expose the dominance of the war metaphor and provide a more collaborative and conceptually accurate frame for negotiations.
Red flags for a concomitant giant cell arteritis in patients with vertebrobasilar stroke: a cross-sectional study and systematic review
Authors: Elhfnawy Ahmed Mohamed , Elsalamawy Doaa , Abdelraouf Mervat , Schliesser Mira , Volkmann Jens , Fluri Felix 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGiant cell arteritis (GCA) may affect the brain-supplying arteries, resulting in ischemic stroke, whereby the vertebrobasilar territory is most often involved. Since etiology is unknown in 25% of stroke patients and GCA is hardly considered as a cause, we examined in a pilot study, whether screening for GCA after vertebrobasilar stroke might unmask an otherwise missed disease. Consecutive patients with vertebrobasilar stroke were prospectively screened for GCA using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin, and halo sign of the temporal and vertebral artery on ultrasound. Furthermore, we conducted a systematic literature review for relevant studies. Sixty-five patients were included, and two patients (3.1%) were diagnosed with GCA. Patients with GCA were older in age (median 85 versus 69 years, p = 0.02). ESR and CRP were significantly increased and hemoglobin was significantly lower in GCA patients compared to non-GCA patients (median, 75 versus 11 mm in 1 h, p = 0.001; 3.84 versus 0.25 mg/dl, p = 0.01, 10.4 versus 14.6 mg/dl, p = 0.003, respectively). Multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory affected our two GCA patients (100%), but only five (7.9%) non-GCA patients (p = 0.01). Our literature review identified 13 articles with 136 stroke patients with concomitant GCA. Those were old in age. Headache, increased inflammatory markers, and anemia were frequently reported. Multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory affected around 70% of stroke patients with GCA. Increased inflammatory markers, older age, anemia, and multiple stenoses/occlusions in the vertebrobasilar territory may be regarded as red flags for GCA among patients with vertebrobasilar stroke.
Gas generation from coal: taking Jurassic coal in the Minhe Basin as an example
Authors: Fu Deliang , Xu Guosheng , Ma Li , Yang Fu , He Dan , Duan Zhonghui , Ma Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe gas generation features of coals at different maturities were studied by the anhydrous pyrolysis of Jurassic coal from the Minhe Basin in sealed gold tubes at 50 MPa. The gas component yields (C1, C2, C3, i-C4, n-C4, i-C5, n-C5, and CO2); the δ13C of C1, C2, C3, and CO2; and the mass of the liquid hydrocarbons (C6+) were measured. On the basis of these data, the stage changes of δ13C1, δ13C2, δ13C3, and δ13CO2 were calculated. The diagrams of δ13C1–δ13C2 vs ln (C1/C2) and δ13C2–δ13C1 vs δ13C3–δ13C2 were used to evaluate the gas generation features of the coal maturity stages. At the high maturity evolution stage (T > 527.6 °C at 2 °C/h), the stage change of δ13C1 and the CH4 yield are much higher than that of CO2, suggesting that high maturity coal could still generate methane. When T < 455 °C, CO2 is generated by breaking bonds between carbons and heteroatoms. The reaction between different sources of coke and water may be the reason for the complicated stage change in $$\delta^{{{13}}} {\text{C}}_{{{\text{CO}}_{{2}} }}$$

δ
13

C

CO
2

when the temperature was higher than 455 °C. With increasing pyrolysis temperature, δ13C1–δ13C2 vs ln (C1/C2) has four evolution stages corresponding to the early stage of breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms, the later stage of breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms, the cracking of C6+ and coal demethylation, and the cracking of C2–5. The δ13C2–δ13C1 vs δ13C3–δ13C2 has three evolution stages corresponding to the breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms, demethylation and cracking of C6+, and cracking of C2–5.
A perspective of citrus Huanglongbing in the context of the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Wang Nian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHuanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most catastrophic citrus diseases. HLB pathogensCandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus (Las),Ca. L. africanus (Laf), andCa. L. americanus (Lam) and their insect vectors Asian citrus psyllids (ACP,Diaphorina citri) and African citrus psyllids (AfCP,Trioza erytreae) are invading citrus producing regions where HLB was absent previously, including the Mediterranean basin. Importantly, the Mediterranean region is one of the two major citrus producing areas without HLB. Here, I provide a short perspective regarding a) information related to the distribution of the HLB pathogens and psyllid vectors in this region and neighboring countries, b) predicted distribution of the HLB for this region, c) the possible evolution of Liberibacters and how they could have established their relationship with different hosts, and d) approaches to fend off HLB. Specifically, I emphasized the following measurements: quarantine measures against AfCP, ACP, Las, Laf, and Lam, early detection and diagnosis of HLB and removal of inoculum, surveillance of AfCP and ACP and eradication of citrus psyllids once identified.
Die Grenzen des Wettbewerbs. Zur Evaluation der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (nicht nur) aus universitärer Sicht
Authors: Bonacker Thorsten 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag reagiert auf Empfehlungen des Wissenschaftsrats zur Weiterentwicklung der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung. Er zeichnet nach, wie sich die Friedens- und Konfliktforschung in einer Zeit der Umstellung von einer planerischen auf eine wettbewerblich orientierte Wissenschaftspolitik an Universitäten verankern konnte. Entscheidend dafür waren neben Erfolgen in der Forschungs- und insbesondere in der Verbundforschungsförderung die Einführung von Masterstudiengängen. Inzwischen zeichnen sich allerdings zunehmend auch die Grenzen einer solchen „Verwettbewerblichung“ (Winter 2012) für die Entwicklung eines interdisziplinären Forschungsfeldes ab, die in den Empfehlungen des Wissenschaftsrats zum Ausdruck kommen. Im Anschluss an diese Diagnose werden Vorschläge für neue Formen der institutionellen Zusammenarbeit in der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung formuliert.
Assessment of knowledge, practices and associated factors toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection among students of medicine and health sciences in Debre Berhan University, NorthShewa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Allene Mengesha Dessie , Delelegn Geberehana Gebere 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major public health problems in the world. HBV can be transmitted from one infected person to another easily by different mechanism. In our institution, the knowledge and practices of trainees in the health professions towards occupational risk of HBV was not investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices toward prevention of HBV infection and identify predictors among students of medicine and health sciences.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was undertaken. A total of 355 students of healthcare professions were approached for the study using a simple random sampling technique. Data towards HBV was assessed by using a pre validated self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 22.0. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associated factors with knowledgeand practice.

Result:
Out of 422 distributed questionnaires, 355 were returned with a response rate of 84.12%. Majority of the students 268 (75.49%) were in the age group 20–24 and 279 (78.59%) of the respondents were male. Our study showed that the overall knowledge regarding HBV, its mode of transmission and prevention was high 276 [77.75%; 95%CI= (64.43–91.82)].

Conclusions:
Our study found that trainees in health profession are at a very high risk of contracting HBV infection during their training owing to the low HBV vaccine uptake rate and high rate of accidental exposure to blood. Thus, we recommend that all students in the health profession should be vaccinated prior to their entry into professional practices.

Highlights:
Essentials for selecting a network monitoring tool
Authors: Wright Cary 
Published: April 2020

Enterprises are increasingly aware of how essential it is to have efficient tools in place to monitor for cyber security and performance issues. However, the selection process can be daunting and some organisations are not clear on the key features to look for in a network-monitoring tool. Enterprises are increasingly aware of how essential it is to have efficient tools in place to monitor for cyber security and performance issues. However, the selection process can be daunting and some organisations are not clear on the key features to look for in a network-monitoring tool. The state of the art in security operations is to deploy a mix of monitoring solutions, with integrated workflows that allow analysts to pivot from an alert or issue to the packet level evidence needed for quick resolution, explains Cary Wright of Endace.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Health System and Community Response to a Text Message (Text4Hope) Program Supporting Mental Health in Alberta
Authors: Agyapong Vincent I. O. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIn an effort to support the mental health of Albertans during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Alberta Health Services launched a supportive text message (Text4Mood) program on March 23, 2020. The program was simultaneously approved for funding by the 6 regional health foundations and launched within 1 week of conception. Residents of Alberta can subscribe to the program by texting “COVID19HOPE” to a sort code number. Each subscriber receives free daily supportive text messages, for 3 months, crafted by a team of clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, mental health therapist, and mental health service users. Within 1 week of the launch of Text4Hope, 32 805 subscribers had signed up to the program, and there have been expressions of interests from other jurisdictions to implement a similar program to support the mental health of those in quarantine, isolation, or lockdown.
Outbreak Trends of Coronavirus Disease–2019 in India: A Prediction
Authors: Tiwari Sunita , Kumar Sushil , Guleria Kalpna 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:The objective of this paper is to prepare the government and citizens of India to take or implement the control measures proactively to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Method:In this work, the COVID-19 outbreak in India has been predicted based on the pattern of China using a machine learning approach. The model is built to predict the number of confirmed cases, recovered cases, and death cases based on the data available between January 22, 2020, and April 3, 2020. The time series forecasting method is used for prediction models.Results:The COVID-19 effects are predicted to be at peak between the third and fourth weeks of April 2020 in India. This outbreak is predicted to be controlled around the end of May 2020. The total number of predicted confirmed cases of COVID-19 might reach around 68 978, and the number of deaths due to COVID-19 are predicted to be 1557 around April 25, 2020, in India. If this outbreak is not controlled by the end of May 2020, then India will face a severe shortage of hospitals, and it will make this outbreak even worse.Conclusion:The COVID-19 pandemic may be controlled if the Government of India takes proactive steps to aggressively implement a lockdown in the country and extend it further. This presented epidemiological model is an effort to predict the future forecast of COVID-19 spread, based on the present scenario, so that the government can frame policy decisions, and necessary actions can be initiated.