bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of learning demands in instructional animations: The educational effectiveness of animations unfolds if the features of change need to be learned
Authors: Ploetzner Rolf , Berney Sandra , Bétrancourt Mireille 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn a systematic review, 194 studies on learning from animation were analysed. The analysis covers the learning domains, the representational characteristics of the animations, the assessed perceptual and cognitive achievements, and the assessment formats. Research on learning from animation focuses on assessing conceptual at the neglect of kinematic mental models. This is in contrast to an important rationale for making use of animations: that it needs to be learned what animations can specifically display, namely, how change in space and time occurs. This might explain why meta‐analyses which compared the effectiveness of animations and static pictures found merely small overall effect sizes in favour of animations. To confirm this hypothesis, one meta‐analysis was re‐analysed with a new moderator. It encodes whether the features of the displayed changes were relevant to learning. Learning from animations was significantly more successful than learning from static pictures, if the features of the displayed changes had to be learned.
An allele of rs619586 polymorphism in MALAT1 alters the invasiveness of meningioma via modulating the expression of collagen type V alpha (COL5A1)
Authors: Zheng Jie , Pang Chang‐he , Du Wei , Wang Lei , Sun Lai‐guang , Xing Zhen‐yi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe rs619586 polymorphism has been shown to alter the expression of MALAT1, which act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) against miR‐145. And miR‐145 was found to target COL5A1, the interaction between which was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of invasive meningioma. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of rs619586 polymorphism and its underlying molecular mechanism in invasive meningioma. Real‐time PCR and Western Blot analysis were used to study the differentiated expression of miR‐145, MALAT1 (metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) and COL5A1 (collagen alpha‐1(V) chain) in tumour/serum samples genotyped as rs619586 AA, AG and GG. Computational analysis and luciferase reporter assay were also conducted to identify the regulatory relationship between miR‐145 and MALAT1/COL5A1. Meanwhile, expression of miR‐145 and COL5A1 in different cell treatment groups was measured to validate the results obtained from earlier experiments. As shown by the results and in tumour/serum samples genotyped as AA, AG and GG, the expression of both MALAT1 and COL5A1 was down‐regulated in a stepwise fashion, while the expression of miR‐145 was increased, suggesting a potential negative relationship between MALAT1/COL5A1 and miR‐145. Meanwhile, miR‐145 was shown to bind to MALAT1, while COL5A1 was identified as a virtual target gene of miR‐145. As a consequence, a MALAT1/miR‐145/COL5A1 molecular pathway was established based on the above results. In particular, with the presence of rs619586 A>G polymorphism, the expression of MALAT1 and COL5A1 was both reduced, leading to reduced invasiveness of meningioma.
S‐adenosylmethionine in combination with decitabine shows enhanced anti‐cancer effects in repressing breast cancer growth and metastasis
Authors: Mahmood Niaz , Arakelian Ani , Cheishvili David , Szyf Moshe , Rabbani Shafaat A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAbnormal DNA methylation orchestrates many of the cancer‐related gene expression irregularities such as the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes through hypermethylation as well as activation of prometastatic genes through hypomethylation. The fact that DNA methylation abnormalities can be chemically reversed positions the DNA methylation machinery as an attractive target for anti‐cancer drug development. However, although in vitro studies suggested that targeting concordantly hypo‐ and hypermethylation is of benefit in suppressing both oncogenic and prometastatic functions of breast cancer cells, this has never been tested in a therapeutic setting in vivo. In this context, we investigated the combined therapeutic effects of an approved nutraceutical agent S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) and FDA‐approved hypomethylating agent decitabine using the MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft model of breast cancer and found a pronounced reduction in mammary tumour volume and lung metastasis compared to the animals in the control and monotherapy treatment arms. Immunohistochemical assessment of the primary breast tumours showed a significantly reduced expression of proliferation (Ki‐67) and angiogenesis (CD31) markers following combination therapy as compared to the control group. Global transcriptome and methylome analyses have revealed that the combination therapy regulates genes from several key cancer‐related pathways that are abnormally expressed in breast tumours. To our knowledge, this is the first preclinical study demonstrating the anti‐cancer therapeutic potential of using a combination of methylating (SAM) and demethylating agent (decitabine) in vivo. Results from this study provide a molecularly founded rationale for clinically testing a combination of agents targeting the epigenome to reduce the morbidity and mortality from breast cancer.
Implementation of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for patients with chronic low back pain—experiences and perspectives of rehabilitation team members
Authors: Faymonville Lisa , Schmidt Anne Mette , Handberg Charlotte 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStudy rationaleLow back pain is a common condition and one of the leading reasons for years of chronic disability. Rehabilitation has been shown to be effective on low back pain, because it is based on the complex and multifactorial mechanisms that low back pain entails.AimThe aim of this study was to describe and interpret rehabilitation team members' experiences and perspectives regarding an integrated rehabilitation program for patients with chronic low back pain.Methods and MaterialsThis qualitative study used the Interpretive Description methodology. Data consisted of participant observation of 28 rehabilitation team members and four semi‐structured focus group interviews with 20 of the 28 participants. The COREQ checklist was used to consolidate the findings in the study.ResultsThe results represented an insight into rehabilitation team members' experiences and perspectives regarding the implementation of an integrated rehabilitation program for patients with chronic low back pain. The significance of the rehabilitation team members' expectations was underlined as they initially had positive expectations but along the implementing of the program found their expectations challenged. The challenges they experienced were related to their professional competence, the incongruity of the two programs being compared, and to their utilization of quick fixes.ConclusionThis Interpretive Description study provides insight into the complexity and challenges related to implementation practice. It identifies important elements when implementing a new rehabilitation intervention in clinical practice and emphasizes the importance of expectations among rehabilitation team members in the implementation process. There should be a specific focus on the importance of involving rehabilitation team members when new interventions are to be implemented, as participation contributes to increased positivity in relation to new initiatives.
MANAGING FOR RATINGS: REAL EFFECTS OF A CORPORATE RATINGS CRITERIA CHANGE
Authors: Alanis Emmanuel , Payne Janet , Picard Joerg 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe exploit a criteria change by Standard & Poor's (S&P) to examine the real effects of a credit ratings change. Using a recalibration by S&P, unrelated to firms’ fundamentals, as a quasi‐natural experiment we analyze the impact of a ratings upgrade on the issuance activity, investment, cash holdings, and payout policy of companies. Our findings suggest upgraded firms subsequently issue more debt relative to equity, enjoy lower debt yields, and increase their investment rate and share repurchases. We find limited evidence that upgraded firms decrease their cash holdings. Our results support the view that credit ratings have a real effect on corporations.
Hydrodynamic effect on non‐stationary vehicles at varying Froude numbers under subcritical flows on flat roadways
Authors: Shah Syed Muzzamil Hussain , Mustaffa Zahiraniza , Matínez‐Gomariz Eduardo , Yusof Khamaruzaman Wan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWater is essentially a powerful component, strong enough to even move vehicles at the lowest hydraulic parameters. The flow orientation as well as the geometric and physical characteristics of a vehicle attribute to the way floodwaters affect and control the vehicle. Herein an effort has been made to study the hydrodynamic impact on a non‐stationary vehicle partially submerged attempting to cross a flooded roadway (flat conditions). In arriving at the outcomes, extensive experimental testing was carried out on a Malaysian made city car, Perodua Viva (1:10), which was controlled to be partially submerged under the influence of subcritical flows. The experimental data was proven through theoretical equations based on the instability failure modes. The variation of the Froude number with respect to varying hydrodynamic forces has been further explored and conversed. The incipient velocity formulation proposed herein has been validated through the experimental data and the results showed good agreement between the two with a correlation coefficient ofR2= 0.85. Among the main findings, it was noticed that the buoyancy force governed vehicle weight at depths greater than and equal to 0.0457 m for the scaled model. On the other hand, below critical depth, the dominancy of the drag force over frictional resistance and driving force caused sliding instability.
Microbiological stability and general sensory acceptance of microfiltered skim milk with agave fructans of a high degree of polymerization added
Authors: Ceja‐Medina Luis I. , Jiménez‐Fernández Maribel , Andrade‐González Isaac , Navarrete‐Guzmán Antonio , Chacón‐López Martina A. , García‐Magaña María L. , Bonilla‐Cárdenas Jorge A. , Ortiz‐Basurto Rosa I. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSkim milk was microfiltered in a pilot system equipped with ceramic membranes that have a novel configuration in their active layer, for the production of microbiologically‐stable milk. The linear velocity (LV), temperature (T), and transmembrane pressure (TMP) were studied to assess the effect on bacterial reduction and protein permeation in the microfiltration system. Statistical analysis showed significant effects (α= 0.05) of T on flux, LV on protein permeation, and all the three conditions on the logarithmic reduction of microorganisms. The optimal operational conditions in the system obtained by the surface response method were LV = 6 m/s, T = 30°C, and TMP = 1.5 bar. These operational conditions ensured high filtration performance and a logarithmic reduction of bacteria by 4.55 log and extension of the shelf life to 5 days during storage at 4°C, the microbiological stability of microfiltered milk was not affected by the addition of prebiotic agave fructans of a high degree of polymerization. The microfiltration allows microbiological stability, conservation of functional compounds, and preservation of organoleptic sensory properties of milk, for the production of healthy and innocuous fresh dairy products with higher shelf life.
Multiple team membership and job performance: The role of employees’ information‐sharing networks
Authors: van de Brake Hendrik J. , Walter Frank , Rink Floor A. , Essens Peter J.M.D. , van der Vegt Gerben S. 
Published: July 2020

Individuals in contemporary work organizations are often involved in multiple teams at the same time. This study uses a social capital perspective to propose that employees’ multiple team memberships (MTM) offer the potential for individual performance benefits and detriments, depending on the characteristics of an employee’s information‐sharing network. To test our predictions, we gathered both archival and survey data at an organization for applied research in the Netherlands. We found that individual MTM was indirectly associated with an employee’s overall job performance by increasing the size of his or her information‐sharing network. As expected, however, this indirect relationship was contingent on the average strength of an employee’s network ties (i.e., the frequency of the respective interactions), such that MTM only improved overall performance when network ties were relatively weak. The indirect relationship between MTM and individual job performance was negative, by contrast, when an employee’s network ties were relatively strong. Together, these findings advance our understanding of the mechanisms and contingency factors that shape the performance consequences associated with individuals’ concurrent membership in multiple teams.Practitioner points

An employee’s membership in multiple teams at the same time increases the size of his or her information‐sharing network within the organization.

The performance consequences associated with this increased information‐sharing network hinge on the characteristics of an employee’s information‐sharing network.

If the respective information‐sharing linkages are based on relatively infrequent interactions with colleagues, an employee’s multiple team membership indirectly benefits his or her overall job performance.

If the respective information‐sharing linkages are based on relatively frequent and intense interactions with colleagues, however, an employee’s multiple team membership indirectly diminishes his or her overall job performance.
Novel clinicopathological characteristics differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies from Parkinson’s disease dementia
Authors: Hansen D. , Ling H. , Lashley T. , Foley J. A. , Strand C. , Eid T. M. , Holton J. L. , Warner T. T. 
Published: July 2020

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) known as Lewy body dementias have overlapping clinical and neuropathological features. Neuropathology in both includes combination of Lewy body and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), often seen in AD, is increasingly recognized for its association with dementia.AimsThis study investigated clinical and neuropathological differences between DLB and PDD.Methods52 PDD and 16 DLB cases from the Queen Square Brain Bank (QSBB) for Neurological disorders were included. Comprehensive clinical data of motor and cognitive features were obtained from medical records. Neuropathological assessment included examination of CAA, Lewy body and AD pathology.ResultsCAA was more common in DLB than in PDD (P = 0.003). The severity of CAA was greater in DLB than in PDD (P = 0.009), with significantly higher CAA scores in the parietal lobe (P = 0.043), and the occipital lobe (P = 0.008), in DLB than in PDD. The highest CAA scores were observed in cases with APOE ε4/4 and ε2/4. Survival analysis showed worse prognosis in DLB, as DLB reached each clinical milestone sooner than PDD. Absence of dyskinesia in DLB is linked to the significantly lower lifetime cumulative dose of levodopa in comparison with PDD.ConclusionsThis is the first study which identified prominent concurrent CAA pathology as a pathological substrate of DLB. More prominent CAA and rapid disease progression as measured by clinical milestones distinguish DLB from PDD.
Mental distress and influencing factors in nurses caring for patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Leng Min , Wei Lili , Shi Xiaohui , Cao Guorong , Wei Yuling , Xu Hong , Zhang Xiaoying , Zhang Wenwen , Xing Shuyun , Wei Holly 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundNurses are experiencing tremendous stress during the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, especially intensive care nurses. The pandemic of the disease is a tragedy, which may leave a catastrophic psychological imprint on nurses. Understanding nurses' mental distress can help when implementing interventions to mitigate psychological injuries to nurses.Aims and objectivesTo quantify the severity of nurses' post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and stress and explore the influencing factors of their psychological health when caring for patients with COVID‐19.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe PTSD Checklist‐Civilian and the Perceived Stress Scale were administered from 11 to 18 March 2020, to 90 nurses selected from another city to go and help an intensive care unit (ICU) in Wuhan, China. These nurses were selected because of their high levels of clinical performance and resilience status.ResultsNurses' average PTSD score was 24.62 ± 6.68, and five (5.6%) of the nurses reported a clinically significant level of PTSD symptoms (>38 points). Nurses' perceived stress averaged 19.33 ± 7, and 20 nurses (22.22%) scored positively >25 points. Nurses' stress and PTSD symptoms were positively correlated (P < .01). Major stress sources included working in an isolated environment, concerns about personal protective equipment shortage and usage, physical and emotional exhaustion, intensive workload, fear of being infected, and insufficient work experiences with COVID‐19.ConclusionsThis study showed that even relatively highly resilient nurses experienced some degree of mental distress, including PTSD symptoms and perceived stress. Our findings highlight the importance of helping nurses cultivate resilience and reduce stress.Relevance to clinical practiceRecommendations for practice include providing adequate training and orientation before assigning nurses to ICU to help, offering disaster‐emergency‐preparedness training to keep nurses prepared, providing caring and authentic nursing leadership, offering ongoing psychological support to frontline nurses.
The European Parliament's role as an informalEUagenda setter: The influence of own initiative reports
Authors: Webb Michael , Kreppel Amie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article examines the conditions under which the European Parliament (EP) effectively exercises its informal agenda setting powers to directly influence the content of the European Union's policy agenda through the use of ‘own initiative reports’ or EPOIR. We test three models of EPOIR influence (salience, linkage and ideology) utilizing a newly created dataset of all substantive references to EPOIR within Commission pre‐legislative communications and legislative proposals produced between 2000 and 2017. These references serve as the dependent variable in our analysis, which seeks to identify the traits of EPOIR that increase their likelihood of exerting agenda influence. Our findings suggest not only that EPOIR can and do help to shape the EU policy agenda, but that salience and inter‐institutional linkage are the most effective attributes in explaining when this type of EP agenda setting effort via EPOIR is most likely to be successful.
Pediatric kidney transplant in undocumented immigrants: An American perspectives
Authors: Yu Elizabeth , Wightman Aaron 
Published: July 2020

AbstractKidney transplant in undocumented immigrants remains controversial. While in the United States the National Organ Transplant Act does not prohibit inclusion of these patients as transplant candidates, legislative and financial barriers and ethical concerns remain. The purpose of this article was to review the legal and financial barriers to kidney transplant for children with ESKD who are undocumented immigrants and consider arguments for and against inclusion of these children as kidney transplant candidates. While this discussion is largely restricted to the experience in the United States and its unique healthcare system, the themes and ideas may be more generalizable to the experience in many high‐income countries. We conclude that access to kidney transplant is legal, ethically justifiable, and clearly in the best interest of these children. Transplant professionals should continue to advocate for changes in policy and greater resources to support these patients.
The involvement of protein denaturing activity in the effect of surfactants on skin barrier function
Authors: Kubota Koji , Okasaka Mana , Kano Asami , Takata Sadaki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground/purposeDetailed information on the mechanism by which surfactants affect the skin barrier function is still scarce. We investigated the contribution of protein denaturation to the effect of surfactants on barrier function.MethodsThe Transmission Index method, which evaluates the actual effect of surfactants on barrier function, was combined with a microplate assay measuring protein denaturation activity. The correlation between the TI value and the reciprocal of the median effect concentration (1/EC50) was analyzed for 19 surfactants. The contribution of protein denaturation to the effect of surfactants was discussed based on the 1/EC50 per TI value.ResultsA few surfactants showed high TI value. Nonionic surfactants had no effect. The EC50 varied without certain trend. For amino acid‐based surfactants, there was a gradual inverse correlation between the TI value and the 1/EC50.ConclusionThe difference in the alkyl structure and the ion source affected the skin barrier function. Protein denaturing activity of the surfactant was not a critical factor. This suggests that the effect on intercellular lipids was the major factor. However, the magnitude of the contribution of protein denaturation activity varied depending on the surfactant, suggesting that each surfactant has a different mechanism of influence on skin barrier function.