bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribology of carbon-containing materials in the carbon dioxide environment at high temperatures
Authors: Roshchin M N , Markachev N A , Bogachev V A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The work is devoted to high-temperature tribological testing of carbon-containing materials during friction on 40X13 steel in the temperature range from plus 20 to plus 800 ° C in a carbon dioxide environment. The choice of temperature and test environment is due to the prospects of creating spacecraft drives for operation without lubrication in the atmosphere of Venus. Studies have shown that the friction process in a carbon dioxide environment at a temperature of plus 300 ° C reduces the coefficient of friction, so at a load of 0.5 MPa, the friction coefficient is lower by 67%, and at a temperature of plus 600 ° C the coefficient of friction is lower by 38%. At a load of 1.0 MPa and a temperature of plus 300 ° C, the friction coefficient in a carbon dioxide environment is lower by 55%, and at a temperature of plus 600 ° C the friction coefficient is lower by 45%. In the range of operating temperatures from plus 300 to plus 600 ° C at a speed of 0.16 m/s and a load of 0.5 MPa and 1.0 MPa, the friction coefficient does not exceed the value of 0.3. The friction coefficient decreases with increasing load. At a temperature of plus 500 ° C and a load of 0.5 MPa, the coefficient of friction in a carbon dioxide medium is 1.9 times less than the carbon-carbon composite materials in an air atmosphere, and at a load of 1.0 MPa it is 2.1 times less than a carbon-carbon composite materials in the air atmosphere.
Influence of methanol use in diesel fuel on energy and economic indicators
Authors: Chuvashev A N , Chuprakov A I 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe problem of finding and using alternative energy carriers in transport has arisen since the invention of the internal combustion engine. It is possible to expand the raw material base of automobile fuels and at the same time reduce their negative impact on the environment by using non-traditional or alternative fuels. Among them, compressed natural gas and alcohols are most widely used in road transport. In the Vyatka agricultural Academy, work is underway to study the features of the use of alcohols in diesels when they are fed using a dual fuel supply system.
Metrological parameters of semiconductor sensors of hydrogen sulfide SCS-H2S with membrane coatings based on tungsten and copper oxides
Authors: Abdurakhmanov I E , Begmatov R Kh , Abdurakhmanov E , Kholboev O N , Kholmirzaev F F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper shows the possibility of using metal oxides W and Cu as a gas-sensitive material of a semiconductor hydrogen sulfide sensor. The results of studying the following metrological parameters of SCS-H2S are presented: calibration characteristic, selectivity, measurement range and basic error, the effect of pressure on the values of the input signal and the sensor’s resistance to concentration overloads. The principle of operation of the developed semiconductor hydrogen sulfide sensor is to change the electrical conductivity of the gas-sensitive layer as a result of sorption of hydrogen sulfide.
Impact of a reactor design features on wood raw materials torrefaction parameters
Authors: Safin R R , Salimgaraeva R V , Safina A V , Mukhametzyanov Sh R , Kraysman N V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We have studied the impact of a disc type reactor design features on the uniformity of different-fraction wood raw materials heat treatment before granulation. It was found that a uniform distribution of the pine chips density is provided by using plates with different hole diameters across the height of the device at the blades rotation rate of 12 rpm. These parameters ensure the efficiency of the process and contribute to production of torrefied pellets with improved calorific characteristics.
Investigation of particular parameters of a semiconductor ammonia gas analyzer
Authors: Kuchkarov O A , Abdurakhmonov I E , Begimkulov Zh N , Mamirzaev M A , Khamraeva D A , Abdurakhmanov E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Selective methods and a highly sensitive automatic semiconductor gas analyzer VG-NH3 have been developed for detecting ammonia in a mixture of toxic, flammable and explosive gases. The basic metrological and operational characteristics of the developed selective automatic ammonia analyzer are estimated. These devices allow determining ammonia in a wide range of its concentrations and have the best metrological and operational characteristics that meet the requirements of the GOST (National State Standard).
Development and research of metrological characteristics of selective thermocatalytic methane (natural gas) sensor
Authors: Sidikova Kh G , Abdurakhmanov I E , Mumunova N I , Kholboev O N , Abdurakhmanov E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this work, the catalyst (0.75In2O3-0,25 Ag2O и 0,25Fe3O4-0,75 Ni2O3) for selective and highly sensitive methane sensor was selected. Selective natural gas thermochemical sensors have been developed using selected catalysts. In a wide range of parameters, the influence of various parameters was studied and optimal conditions providing the highest thermochemical sensor signal were established.
Influenza and Embodied Sociality in Early Twentieth-Century American Literature
Authors: Bracken Rachel Conrad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article reads two early twentieth-century American novels, William Maxwell’s They Came Like Swallows (1937) and Katherine Anne Porter’s Pale Horse, Pale Rider (1939), in relation to the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918–19 and the history of public health. Beyond serving as a literary record of “America’s forgotten pandemic,” it interprets these novels as experiments in what I term “embodied sociality”: a biocultural model of social life encompassing both the abstract, symbolic dimensions of community belonging and the concrete, biological contours of collective living made visible through the spread of infectious disease. I argue that Swallows and Pale Horse challenge the logic of “modern health citizenship,” which prioritized personal hygiene measures to prevent the spread of influenza through a community, that was promoted in turn-of-the-century public health efforts. Instead, these novels destabilize perceptions of the body as a discrete and potentially impermeable entity, revealing how to belong to a community is to be susceptible to the unseen agents of disease that move between bodies in close proximity, as well as to be, albeit unwittingly, a potential carrier of disease. Attending to embodied sociality as made visible by the flu, these novels necessitate a new way of writing pandemic—one that blends the narrative conventions of plague writing and autopathography. In so doing, I contend, Pale Horse and Swallows invite us to reimagine embodiment and community belonging by holding the local and global, personal and political, individual and collective dimensions of pandemic together.When we recognize pandemic as simultaneously individual and communal, the boundaries that differentiate proximal bodies from one another and from a collective social body blur. And this knowledge, in turn, transforms the way we write pandemic.
Maximum Daily Temperature, Precipitation, Ultraviolet Light, and Rates of Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in the United States
Authors: Sehra Shiv T , Salciccioli Justin D , Wiebe Douglas J , Fundin Shelby , Baker Joshua F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Previous reports have suggested that transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is reduced by higher temperatures and higher humidity. We analyzed case data from the United States to investigate the effects of temperature, precipitation, and ultraviolet (UV) light on community transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
Daily reported cases of SARS-CoV-2 across the United States from 22 January 2020 to 3 April 2020 were analyzed. We used negative binomial regression modeling to determine whether daily maximum temperature, precipitation, UV index, and the incidence 5 days later were related.

Results
A maximum temperature above 52°F on a given day was associated with a lower rate of new cases at 5 days (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.85 [0.76, 0.96]; P = .009). Among observations with daily temperatures below 52°F, there was a significant inverse association between the maximum daily temperature and the rate of cases at 5 days (IRR, 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]; P = .001). A 1-unit higher UV index was associated with a lower rate at 5 days (IRR, 0.97 [0.95, 0.99]; P = .004). Precipitation was not associated with a greater rate of cases at 5 days (IRR, 0.98 [0.89, 1.08]; P = .65).

Conclusions
The incidence of disease declines with increasing temperature up to 52°F and is lower at warmer vs cooler temperatures. However, the association between temperature and transmission is small, and transmission is likely to remain high at warmer temperatures.
Management of patients with a failed kidney transplant: what should we do?
Authors: Fiorentino Marco , Gallo Pasquale , Giliberti Marica , Colucci Vincenza , Schena Antonio , Stallone Giovanni , Gesualdo Loreto , Castellano Giuseppe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe number of kidney transplant recipients returning to dialysis after graft failure is steadily increasing over time. Patients with a failed kidney transplant have been shown to have a significant increase in mortality compared with patients with a functioning graft or patients initiating dialysis for the first time. Moreover, the risk for infectious complications, cardiovascular disease and malignancy is greater than in the dialysis population due to the frequent maintenance of low-dose immunosuppression, which is required to reduce the risk of allosensitization, particularly in patients with the prospect of retransplantation from a living donor. The management of these patients present several controversial opinions and clinical guidelines are lacking. This article aims to review the leading evidence on the main issues in the management of patients with failed transplant, including the ideal timing and modality of dialysis reinitiation, the indications for an allograft nephrectomy or the correct management of immunosuppression during graft failure. In summary, retransplantation is a feasible option that should be considered in patients with graft failure and may help to minimize the morbidity and mortality risk associated with dialysis reinitiation.
Complement C5 inhibition reverses bleomycin-induced thrombotic microangiopathy
Authors: Salhi Sofiane , Ribes David , Faguer Stanislas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Whether C5 blocking may improve the outcomes of patients developing chemotherapy-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) remains elusive. Lung fibrosis is a well-known complication of bleomycin, whereas TMAs are very rare (&lt;20 cases described). Here, we report an exceptional case of a male patient that developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and TMA following administration of bleomycin, cisplatin and etoposide . Refractoriness to plasma exchanges prompted us to use eculizumab as salvage therapy. Eculizumab led to complete remission of the TMA before Day 2. However, the patient progressed towards refractory respiratory failure, suggesting that pathophysiological mechanisms of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and TMA differ.
Utility of repeated therapeutic endoscopies for pediatric esophageal anastomotic strictures
Authors: Yasuda Jessica L , Taslitsky Gabriela N , Staffa Steven J , Clark Susannah J , Ngo Peter D , Hamilton Thomas E , Zendejas Benjamin , Jennings Russell W , Manfredi Michael A 
Published: May 2020

Summary
Anastomotic stricture is a common complication of esophageal atresia (EA) repair. Such strictures are managed with dilation or other therapeutic endoscopic techniques such as steroid injections, stenting, or endoscopic incisional therapy (EIT). In situations where endoscopic therapy is unsuccessful, patients with refractory strictures may require surgical stricture resection; however, the point at which endoscopic therapy should be abandoned in favor of repeat thoracotomy is unclear. We hypothesized that increasing numbers of therapeutic endoscopies are associated with increased likelihood of stricture resection. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with EA who had an initial surgery at our institution resulting in an esophago-esophageal anastomosis between August 2005 and May 2019. Up to 2 years of post-surgery endoscopy data were collected, including exposure to balloon dilation, intralesional steroid injection, stenting, and EIT. Primary outcome was need for stricture resection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed. There were 171 patients who met inclusion criteria. The number of therapeutic endoscopies was a moderate predictor of stricture resection by ROC curve analysis (AUC = 0.720, 95% CI 0.617–0.823). With increasing number of therapeutic endoscopies, the probability of remaining free from stricture resection decreased. By Youden’s J index, a cutoff of ≥7 therapeutic endoscopies was optimal for discriminating between patients who had versus did not have stricture resection, though an absolute majority of patients (≥50%) remained free of stricture resection at each number of therapeutic endoscopies through 12 endoscopies. Significant predictors of needing stricture resection by univariate regression included ≥7 therapeutic endoscopies, Foker surgery for long-gap EA, fundoplication, history of esophageal leak, and length of stricture ≥10 mm. Multivariate analysis identified only history of leak as statistically significant, though this regression was underpowered. The utility of repeated therapeutic endoscopies may diminish with increasing numbers of endoscopic therapeutic attempts, with a cutoff of ≥7 endoscopies identified by our single-center experience as our statistically optimal discriminator between having stricture resection versus not; however, a majority of patients remained free of stricture resection well beyond 7 therapeutic endoscopies. Though retrospective, this study supports that repeated therapeutic endoscopies may have clinical utility in sparing surgical stricture resection. Esophageal leak is identified as a significant predictor of needing subsequent stricture resection. Prospective study is needed.
Laminin-111 protein therapy after disease onset slows muscle disease in a mouse model of laminin-α2 related congenital muscular dystrophy
Authors: Barraza-Flores Pamela , Bukovec Katherine E , Dagda Marisela , Conner Brandon W , Oliveira-Santos Ariany , Grange Robert W , Burkin Dean J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Laminin-α2 related congenital muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-CMD) is a fatal muscle disease caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene. Laminin-α2 is critical for the formation of laminin-211 and -221 heterotrimers in the muscle basal lamina. LAMA2-CMD patients exhibit hypotonia from birth and progressive muscle loss that results in developmental delay, confinement to a wheelchair, respiratory insufficiency and premature death. There is currently no cure or effective treatment for LAMA2-CMD. Several studies have shown laminin-111 can serve as an effective protein-replacement therapy for LAMA2-CMD. Studies have demonstrated early treatment with laminin-111 protein results in an increase in life expectancy and improvements in muscle pathology and function. Since LAMA2-CMD patients are often diagnosed after advanced disease, it is unclear if laminin-111 protein therapy at an advanced stage of the disease can have beneficial outcomes. In this study, we tested the efficacy of laminin-111 protein therapy after disease onset in a mouse model of LAMA2-CMD. Our results showed laminin-111 treatment after muscle disease onset increased life expectancy, promoted muscle growth and increased muscle stiffness. Together these studies indicate laminin-111 protein therapy either early or late in the disease process could serve as an effective protein replacement therapy for LAMA2-CMD.
Characterizing uncertainty in climate impact projections: a case study with seven marine species on the North American continental shelf
Authors: Morley James W , Frölicher Thomas L , Pinsky Malin L 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProjections of climate change impacts on living resources are being conducted frequently, and the goal is often to inform policy. Species projections will be more useful if uncertainty is effectively quantified. However, few studies have comprehensively characterized the projection uncertainty arising from greenhouse gas scenarios, Earth system models (ESMs), and both structural and parameter uncertainty in species distribution modelling. Here, we conducted 8964 unique 21st century projections for shifts in suitable habitat for seven economically important marine species including American lobster, Pacific halibut, Pacific ocean perch, and summer flounder. For all species, both the ESM used to simulate future temperatures and the niche modelling approach used to represent species distributions were important sources of uncertainty, while variation associated with parameter values in niche models was minor. Greenhouse gas emissions scenario contributed to uncertainty for projections at the century scale. The characteristics of projection uncertainty differed among species and also varied spatially, which underscores the need for improved multi-model approaches with a suite of ESMs and niche models forming the basis for uncertainty around projected impacts. Ensemble projections show the potential for major shifts in future distributions. Therefore, rigorous future projections are important for informing climate adaptation efforts.
Regional and stock-specific differences in contemporary growth of Baltic cod revealed through tag-recapture data
Authors: McQueen Kate , Casini Michele , Dolk Bodo , Haase Stefanie , Hemmer-Hansen Jakob , Hilvarsson Annelie , Hüssy Karin , Mion Monica , Mohr Thomas , Radtke Krzysztof , Schade Franziska Maria , Schulz Norbert , Krumme Uwe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The use of growth estimation methods that depend on unreliable age data has previously hindered the quantification of perceived differences in growth rates between the two cod stocks inhabiting the Baltic Sea. Data from cod tagged in different regions of the Baltic Sea during 2007–2019 were combined, and general linear models were fit to investigate inter-regional (defined as area of release) and inter-stock (assigned to a subset of recaptures using genetic and otolith shape analyses) differences in individual growth. An average-sized cod (364 mm) caught in the western Baltic Sea and assigned to the western Baltic cod stock grew at more than double the rate (145 mm year−1) on average than a cod of the same size caught in the eastern Baltic Sea and assigned to the eastern Baltic cod stock (58 mm year−1), highlighting the current poor conditions for the growth of cod in the eastern Baltic Sea. The regional differences in growth rate were more than twice as large (63 mm year−1) as the stock differences (24 mm year−1). Although the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors cannot be fully resolved through this study, these results suggest that environmental experience may contribute to growth differences between Baltic cod stocks.
Low-carbon design for product packaging: a case study on wineglass
Authors: Xu Feng , Pan Jiao-Jing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study on carbon emissions in packaging industry is a very important but easily overlooked field. In order to explore carbon emissions of the packaging life cycle, the wineglass is used as the packaging object to discuss the difference between carbon emissions and costs caused by two new packaging structures and a common packaging structure on the market. The measurement boundary includes raw material collection, raw material processing, packaging manufacturing, transportation and end of life. It was found that reasonable packaging structure instead the buffer function of expanded polyethylene can effectively reduce the carbon emissions and costs.
The flare cumulative frequencies of UV Ceti stars from different spectral types
Authors: Dal H A 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
In this study, as a result of the photometric observations continued on nine UV Ceti type stars, examining the parameters obtained from the models of distributions of the flare equivalent durations in the logarithmic scale versus flare total durations, it is found that the highest flare equivalent durations occurring on the stars (Plateau values) are varying with the B − V colour indexes of those stars in agreement with the variations of both the magnetic field strength (B) of the magnetic loop and especially the electron density of its plasma (ne). The distributions of flare cumulative frequencies were derived by using the flare equivalent durations, instead of the flare energy. The main result of this study is a secondary variation, which can be just modelled with the damping sine waves, behind the main exponential variation of the flare cumulative frequency. The models indicate that this secondary variation in the flare cumulative frequency distributions is in the same shape with the periodic or quasi-periodic oscillations detected in the light curves of the stellar and solar flares. This caused to ask new questions about the flare mechanism working on stellar atmospheres.
VLA and ALMA observations of the lensed radio-quiet quasar SDSS J0924+0219: a molecular structure in a 3 μJy radio source
Authors: Badole Shruti , Jackson Neal , Hartley Philippa , Sluse Dominique , Stacey Hannah , Vives-Arias Héctor 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
We present Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) observations of SDSS J0924+0219, a z = 1.524 radio-quiet lensed quasar with an intrinsic radio flux density of about 3 $\, \mu$Jy. The four lensed images are clearly detected in the radio continuum and the CO(5–4) line, whose centroid is at z = 1.5254 ± 0.0001, with a marginal detection in the submillimetre continuum. The molecular gas displays ordered motion, in a structure approximately 1–2.5 kpc in physical extent, with typical velocities of 50–100 km s−1. Our results are consistent with the radio emission being emitted from the same region, but not with a point source of radio emission. SDSS J0924+0219 shows an extreme anomaly in the flux ratios of the two merging images in the optical continuum and broad emission lines, suggesting the influence of microlensing by stars in the lensing galaxy. We find the flux ratio in the radio, submillimetre continuum and CO lines to be slightly greater than 1 but much less than that in the optical, which can be reproduced with a smooth galaxy mass model and an extended source. Our results, supported by a microlensing simulation, suggest that the most likely explanation for the optical flux anomaly is indeed microlensing.