bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Interest Litigation: Economic Implications (A Critical Appraisal of Reko DIQ Case)
Authors: Dr. Barkat Ali  , Dr. Hafiz Aziz-ur-Rehman  
Published: December 2020

Public Interest Litigation (PIL), a discretionary constitutional jurisdiction is, indeed, a constitutional mandate for preserving socio-economic and legal justice in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Pakistan). Such PIL objectives are focused through the protection of fundamental rights of public importance under provisions of Article 184(3) of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973(Constitution, 1973). Though the Supreme Court of Pakistan (SC) has been vigilant while exercising judicial review powers as modus operendi for PIL, sometimes it is engaged, however, in the disguise of protection of fundamental rights, in the domain of other branches of the government. Even, such involvement has been extended to the matters of economic policies, which as a general principle of judicial review jurisprudence should be retrenched from judicial review jurisdiction. This trend has not only distorted the PIL objectives, it has influenced the socio-economic development which eventually affects the fundamental rights. Economic policies being of technical nature needs to be decided and supervised by the bodies concerned instead of the judicial intervention which is not appropriate. Judicial overlook of this fact may cause serious economic implications as it has occurred in the Reko Diq matter as decided in the case of Maulana v. Government (2013). The appraisal of exercising of PIL jurisdiction in this case demonstrates that 'judicial capital' is of no use, in the economic matters, and expanding its political capital in such matters eventually influences public interest. So, it is concluded that the matter relating to economic policies should be considered non-justiciable, and be denied from taking judicial cognizance.
THE QUANTIFICATION METHOD OF FUNCTIONAL AVAILABILITY MILITARY VEHICLES
Authors: Przybysz Kamil 
Published: December 2020

The availability is one of the most important feature of a technical object which shapes its operational quality. The paper undertakes the issue related to the quantification of functional availability of vehicles, with reference to reliability aspects. The conducted exploitation research paved the way for elaborating methods of determining functional availability for vehicles, in particular focusing on reliability. The essential research was conducted using the developed mathematical model based on the probabilistic, stochastic Markov process, which allowed modelling the process of changes in the exploitation states of vehicles.
In view of the above, it is essential to develop methods that enable the most accurate estimation of the functional availability of vehicles. Knowing the values of functional availability, we can estimate the probability of performing assigned tasks and precisely control the vehicle exploitation system, especially in terms of availability, which is important for vehicles.
This work presents a method for determining the functional availability of vehicles, taking into account the limitations introduced by the vehicle exploitation system. Particular attention was paid to the possibility of using probabilistic, stochastic semiMarkov models, whose rules and method of creation were generally described, with regard to the ability to acquire operational data in the vehicle exploitation system.
Prediksi Daya Panel Surya Kapasitas 50 Wp Menggunakan Model Regresi Linier Majemuk
Authors: Mukromin Radian Indra , Asy'ari Muhammad Khamim 
Published: December 2020

Sistem monitoring daya listrik pada panel surya penting dilakukan. Hal ini disebabkan daya listrik panel surya dapat mempengaruhi performansi pengisian baterai dan keandalan dari panel surya. Sifat stokastik dari temperatur panel surya dan iradiasi surya mengakibatkan fluktuasi daya listrik, sehingga diperlukan sistem prediksi daya panel surya. Sistem prediksi dapat dirancang untuk mendapatkan model prediksi daya panel surya secara matematik menggunakan model regresi linier majemuk. Model dibangun untuk sistem prediksi dengan menggunakan data latih dari keluaran panel surya. Variasi yang diberikan adalah jenis variabel masukan untuk membangun model. Variabel masukan model terdiri dari temperatur panel surya, iradiasi surya, dan kombinasi dari keduanya. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi majemuk, uji signifikasi regresi linier majemuk, dan uji signifikasi koefisien regresi. Hasil perancangan sistem prediksi terbaik adalah kombinasi temperatur panel surya dan iradiasi surya sebagai variabel masukan. Nilai MSE(mean square error) terkecil sebesar 9,83 untuk data latih dan 22,73 untuk data uji.
Korelasi Media Audio Visual Dengan Hasil Belajar Kelas IV Tema 3 Subtema 1 Pembelajaran 1 Di SD Negeri Belahantengah Mojokerto
Authors: Aulia Riska Nur , Ida Sulistyawati  , Susi Hermin Rusminati  
Published: December 2020

Media yang menggabungkan dua unsur sekaligus yaitu media audio dimana menggunakan unsur suara yang melibatkan indera pendegaran dan media visul yang menggunakan unsur gambar yang melibatkan indera penglihatan disebut media audio visual. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara media audio visul dengan hasil belajar kelas IV tema 3 subtema 1 pembelajaran 1. Metode dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri Belahantengah Mojokerto yang berjumlah 31 peserta didik dengan teknik sampel jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan tes. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan yakni uji normalitas, uji linieritas, dan uji korelasi. Hasil uji korelasi menghasilkan adanya korelasi media audio visual dengan hasil belajar kelas IV tema 3 subtema 1 pembelajaran 1. Hal ini berdasarkan uji korelasi dengan menggunakan bantuan spss diketahui rhitung > rtabel yaitu 0,831 > 0,355. Dengan taraf signifikasi (Sig) . Sehingga hipotesis Ha yang menyatakan terdapat korelasi antara media audio visual dengan hasil belajar kelas IV tema 3 subtema 1 pembelajaran 1 dapat diterima.
Strategi Belajar Dengan Memanfaatkan E-Learning Pada Masa Pandemi Di Sdn 2 Kembang Kerang Aikmel
Authors: Yuliana Elfa , Bahri Saepul 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana strategi belajar dengan memanfaatkan e-learning pada masa pandemi, dan apa saja faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan strategi belajar dengan pemanfaatan e-learning pada masa pandemi.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian guru dan siswa. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber, yaitu memeriksa kembali data yang diperoleh melalui beberapa sumber.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Strategi belajar dengan memanfaatkan e-learning pada masa pandemi di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 2 Kembang Kerang didasari atas ketidak bolehan dalam melakukan pembelajaran secara langsung pada masa pandemi covid 19 atau virus corona (2) Faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan strategi belajar dengan pemanfaatan e-learning pada masa pandemi, adapun faktor pendorong strategi belajar dengan memanfaatkan e-learning pada masa pandemi yaitu: motivasi dalam penggunaan dan pengaplikasian internet sangat besar dalam melakukan pembelajaran, baik dari kepala sekolah, guru, maupun siswa, sarana prasarana yang dimiliki sudah lumayan untuk penerapan e-learning. Faktor penghambat: terbatasnya kemampuan guru dalam mengaplikasikan pembelajaran e-learning di sekolah, sumber daya manusia yang belum optimal dalam penerapan strategi belajar dengan memanfaatkan e-learning, belum adanya website e-learning, dan kesadaran semua pihak dalam pentingnya pembelajaran e-learning dalam memajukan pendidikan di sekolah masih sedikit.
Features of building a predictive neuro-fuzzy network
Authors: Епихин А.И. , Хекерт Е.В. , Каракаев А.Б. , Модина М.А. 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности построения прогностической нейро-фаззи сети. В процессе исследования представлена структура адаптивного нейро-фаззи-предиктора и многомерного нейро-фаззи-нейрона. Рассмотрен принцип обработки информации, поступающей в режиме реального времени, о работе поршневого двигателя СЭУ с использованием TSK-системы нулевого порядка с применением быстродействующих оптимизационных процедур второго порядка типа рекуррентного метода наименьших квадратов для настройки синаптических весов. Определена архитектура искусственной нейро-фаззи сети для прогноза ресурсной прочности поршневого двигателя СЭУ марки RND 105, состоящая из пяти последовательно соединенных слоев. Представлена структура динамических нейронов-фильтров с конечной импульсной характеристикой. Рассмотрена процедура обучения нейросети. При проведения численного эксперимента использовались следующие критерии оценки: MSE (mean squared error, среднеквадратичная погрешность); SMAPE (Symmetric mean absolute percentage error, симметрично абсолютная процентная погрешность) - характеризует погрешность прогноза в процентах. Экспериментальный анализ разработанной сети проводился на примере прогнозирования ресурсной прочности восьмицилиндрового двухтактного судового дизеля марки RND 105.
The article discusses the features of building a predictive neuro-fuzzy network. During the research, the structure of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy predictor and a multidimensional neuro-fuzzy neuron is presented. The principle of processing information received in real time about the operation of a piston engine of a SEP using a TSK-system of zero order with the use of high-speed optimization procedures of the second order such as the recurrent least squares method for adjusting synaptic weights is considered. The architecture of an artificial neuro-fuzzy network for predicting the resource strength of a piston engine SEU brand RND 105, consisting of five layers connected in series, has been determined. The structure of dynamic filter neurons with finite impulse response is presented. The procedure for training a neural network is considered. During the numerical experiment, the following evaluation criteria were used: MSE (mean squared error); SMAPE (Symmetric mean absolute percentage error) - characterizes the forecast error in percentage. An experimental analysis of the developed network was carried out on the example of predicting the resource strength of an eight-cylinder two-stroke marine diesel engine of the RND 105 brand.
Principles of neural control and variants of neural network architecture, applied to a complex dynamic system of sea-vessel
Authors: Епихин А.И. , Хекерт Е.В. , Модина М.А. 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются возможности, особенности и перспективы внедрения принципов нейроуправления в контур регулирования, контроля и эксплуатации сложной динамической системы СЭУ-СУДНО. Отдельное внимание уделено базовым характеристикам и принципам нейроуправления. Рассмотрена структурная схема и принцип проектирования нейрорегулятора применительно к данной системе. Кроме того, формализована процедура настройки нейронной сети на моделирование входа/выхода объекта управления, а также принцип выбора архитектуры, определения критериев оптимизации нейронной сети для управления СЭУ-СУДНО. Рассмотрены альтернативные варианты для создания нейросетевой системы управления СЭУ-СУДНО. Отдельное внимание уделено принципам работы системы нейроуправления и ее ключевым характеристикам. Также формализована процедура выбора архитектуры нейронной сети для управления СЭУ-СУДНО и предложено несколько вариантов нейронных сетей для разных исходных параметров.
The article discusses the possibilities, features and prospects of introducing the principles of neurocontrol for the regulation, control and operation of a complex dynamic system ship power plant. Special attention is paid to the basic characteristics and principles of neurocontrol. The block diagram and design principle of the neuroregulator in relation to this system are considered. In addition, the procedure for setting up a neural network for modeling the input / output of a control object has been formalized, as well as the principle of choosing an architecture, determining the criteria for optimizing a neural network for controlling the ship power plant-VESSEL. Alternative options for creating a neural network control system the ship power plant-VESSEL are considered. Special attention is paid to the principles of the neurocontrol system and its key characteristics. Also, the procedure for choosing the architecture of a neural network for controlling the ship power plant-VESSEL was formalized and several options for neural networks for different initial parameters were proposed.
Modeling algorithm of transport and technological system operation
Authors: Эглит Я.Я. , Эглите К.Я. , Шаповалова М.А. , Головенко А.А. 
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена разработке моделирующего алгоритма работы транспортно-технологической системы. Математическое моделирование дает возможность формально описать любую сложную систему (в нашем случае специализированный терминал по перегрузке генеральных грузов) и с помощью описания исследовать различные режимы ее функционирования. Разработанная модель позволит осуществлять выбор оптимального в заданных условиях варианта функционирования перегрузочного комплекса, но, как любая математическая модель, она не учитывает неформализуемую часть релевантной информации. На специализированном терминале происходят сложные и многообразные процессы, связанные с перегрузкой различных грузов, контейнеров и других генеральных грузов, что не позволяет построить абсолютно адекватную математическую модель. Поэтому в математической модели представлены только основные, характерные для моделирующей системы, закономерности. При этом второстепенные факторы не принимаются во внимание, так как они являются несущественными. [1,3]
The article is devoted to the development of a modeling algorithm for the operation of a transport and technological system. Mathematical modeling makes it possible to formally describe any complex system (in our case, a specialized terminal for transshipment of General cargo) and use the description to explore various modes of its operation. The developed model will allow you to choose the optimal option for the operation of the reloading complex under given conditions, but, like any mathematical model, it does not take into account the non-formalized part of the relevant information. At a specialized terminal, complex and diverse processes occur related to the transshipment of various cargo, containers and other General cargo, which does not allow us to build an absolutely adequate mathematical model. Therefore, the mathematical model presents only the main patterns that are characteristic of the modeling system. In this case, secondary factors are not taken into account, as they are insignificant. [1,3]
Finite element simulation of marine generators
Authors: Гринек А.В. , Фищенко А.М. , Бойчук И.П. , Перелыгин Д.Н. , Савостеенко Н.В. 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассмотрено численное моделирование синхронного генератора. Описана последовательность создания геометрической модели. Представлены результаты численного моделирования статической и динамической задачи. Получены временные осциллограммы потокосцепления, фазных токов и напряжений, сил и моментов. На их основании получены частотные характеристики заданного генератора на холостых режимах. С помощью вейвлет-преобразования проведен анализ переходного процесса. Исследование показало, что существует три частотные области: область нарастания скорости, достижение критической скорости и выход на установившийся режим. Анализ коэффициентов вейвлет-преобразования исследуемого сигнала дал информацию об энергии, содержащейся в соответствующих частотных составляющих ряда. Данная численная модель дает возможность идентифицировать спектры напряжений, токов, сил и моментов, соответствующих механическим и электромагнитным дефектам. Показана возможность диагностирования дефектов генератора, обусловленного эксцентриситетом ротора, с помощью модельного исследования на пусковых режимах. Наличие эксцентриситета ротора приводит к появлению гармонической составляющей в спектре силы большой амплитуды с максимальным значением на низкой частоте.
The sequence of creating a geometric model is described. The results of numerical simulation of static and dynamic problems are presented. Time oscillograms of flux linkage, phase currents and voltages, forces and moments were obtained. The analysis of the transient process is carried out using the wavelet transform. The study showed that there are three frequency ranges: the area of increasing speed, reaching critical speed and reaching steady state. Analysis of the wavelet transform coefficients gave information about the energy, which is contained in the corresponding frequency components of the series. This numerical model makes it possible to identify the spectrum of voltages, currents, forces and moments corresponding to mechanical and electromagnetic defects. The possibility of diagnosing the eccentricity of the rotor using a model study in starting modes is shown. Eccentricity leads to the appearance of a harmonic component in the power spectrum with a large amplitude with a maximum value at a low frequency.
GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION IN OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: DURATION AND STRUCTURE
Authors: Kremen Vasyl , Liashenko Oleksandr , Lokshyna Olena 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is the comparative analysis of the structure of the general secondary education system in Ukraine and the education systems of thirty eight countries participating in the EU Erasmus+ Programme (27 EU Member States, as well as Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Northern Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Montenegro, Switzerland, United Kingdom).The authors have analysed the duration of education and the structure of an academic year in Ukraine and in other European countries and made conclusions on the compatibility of the instruction time and holidays length in the Ukrainian general secondary education institutions with those in the foreign ones. Basing on the analysis of the main development trends in the European education area countries the authors have formulated proposals to improve the instruction organisation in the Ukrainian schools in compliance with the transformations currently taking place in general secondary education in Ukraine.
CHALLENGE OF DEVELOPING QUALITY PROFILE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lugovyi Volodymyr , Slyusarenko Olena , Talanova Zhanna 
Published: December 2020

In the article the challenge of developing a quality profile of the national higher education is analysed, the causes of the problem occurrence and prospects for its solution are clarified. The problem is considered, primarily, in the aspect of finding out the best university practices both as a whole, and on subject areas that is important for competitive development. It is argued that in 1990-2019 the Ukrainian higher education grew quantitatively and chaotically with a simultaneous loss of competitive quality. As a result, the country has a fragmented and dispersed, over-duplicated, profile-inadequate, institutionally and resource-weak, researchpoor, and ultimately insufficiently capable to carry out its mission network of higher education institutions. Therefore, according to the ARWU rating, Ukraine is identified as a white spot in Europe, which does not fall into the list of 60 countries in the general version and 90 countries in the sectoral (subject) version of this rating. This situation is largely due to the lack of a system of mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation, assurence and improvement the quality of higher education. In contrast to the best practices of progressive countries, Ukraine does not have developed classification, framework, association, and rating mechanisms. Accreditation mechanisms do not cope and in principle cannot cope with the systematic diagnosis and effective motivation of the quality of higher education in the entire range of quality – from the minimum threshold to the breakthrough most perfect. To form a benchmark and justify the way out of the crisis, the best world achievements are considered in detail, Ukraine and USA are compared. Based on the case of the standard Harvard University the determination of the profile of a university quality is illustrated. The definition of the category “higher education quality profile” is given.
“TRENDS OF SCHOOL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE EU COUNTRIES, USA AND CHINA” (2018-2020): RESEARCH RESULTS OF THE COMPARATIVE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, INSTITUTE OF PEDAGOGY OF NAES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Lokshyna Olena 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is the presentation of the research results of the scientific work of the Comparative Education Department (Institute of Pedagogy NAES of Ukraine) “Trends of School Education Development in the EU countries, USA and China (2018-2020). The Department staff – O. Lokshyna, Dr. Sc., Prof. (research director); O. Glushko; A. Dzhurylo, PhD; S. Kravchenko, Ph.D; N. Nikolska, PhD; M. Tymenko, PhD; O. Shparyk, PhD – studied the transformations of the school education in the European Countries (Germant, Poland UK) in USA and in China/ The authors recealed the unification character of the globalization on the development of education in these countries; stated the impact of the strategic benchmarks of the international organisations (UN, UNESCO, OECD, EU) on education policies; underlined the importance for Ukraine to harmonise its education development with the global and European tendencies within the framework of equal access to education and quality education.