bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare complication of endoscopic band ligation for colonic diverticular bleeding
Authors: Tominaga Naoyuki , Ogata Shinichi , Esaki Motohiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA 79‐year‐old female patient receiving maintenance hemodialysis was referred to our hospital because of massive hematochezia. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated extravasation of contrast medium in the descending colon. We then performed urgent colonoscopy, and successful endoscopic hemostasis was achieved using endoscopic band ligation (EBL) for a bleeding colonic diverticulum. However, the patient unexpectedly complained of severe abdominal pain and fever 5 days after EBL, and abdominal CT revealed free air and mesenteric panniculitis. Emergency surgery was performed, and delayed colonic perforation at the EBL site was confirmed. Although rare, delayed perforation after EBL for colonic diverticular bleeding should be considered.
NOGO‐A immunolabeling is present in glial cells and some neurons of the recovering lumbar spinal cord in lizards
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe transected lumbar spinal cord of lizards was studied for its ability to recover after paralysis. At 34 days post‐lesion about 50% of lizards were capable of walking with a limited coordination, likely due to the regeneration of few connecting axons crossing the transection site of the spinal cord. This region, indicated as “bridge”, contains glial cells among which oligodendrocytes and their elongation that are immunolabeled for NOGO‐A. A main reactive protein band occurs at 100–110 kDa but a weaker band is also observed around 240 kDa, suggesting fragmentation of the native protein due to extraction or to physiological processing of the original protein. Most of the cytoplasmic immunolabeling observed in oligodendrocytes is associated with vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum. Also, the nucleus is labeled in some oligodendrocytes that are myelinating sparse axons observed within the bridge at 22–34 days post‐transection. This suggests that axonal regeneration is present within the bridge region. Immunolabeling for NOGO‐A shows that the protein is also present in numerous reactive neurons, in particular motor‐neurons localized in the proximal stump of the transected spinal cord. Ultrastructural immunolocalization suggests that NOGO is synthesized in the ribosomes of these neurons and becomes associated with the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum, probably following a secretory pathway addressed toward the axon. The present observations suggest that, like for the regenerating spinal cord of fish and amphibians, also in lizard NOGO‐A is present in reactive neurons and appears associated to axonal regeneration and myelination.
Renin Angiotensin System Inhibitors Reduce Aortic Stiffness and Flow Reversal After a Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Soulat Gilles , Jarvis Kelly , Pathrose Ashitha , Vali Alireza , Scott Michael , Syed Amer A. , Kinno Menhel , Prabhakaran Shyam , Collins Jeremy D. , Markl Michael 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundBlood flow reversal is a possible mechanism for retrograde embolism in the setting of high‐risk atherosclerotic plaques in the descending aorta (DAo). Evidence suggests that pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a determinant of blood flow reversal and can be reduced by the destiffening effect of renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI).PurposeTo evaluate the impact of antihypertensive therapy on in vivo changes in PWV and flow reversal in patients with cryptogenic stroke.Study TypeProspective.PopulationSixteen patients (69 ± 9 years; 10 males) included after cryptogenic stroke.Field Strength/Sequence3T. 4D flow sequence (temporal resolution = 19.6 msec)AssessmentPatients underwent aortic MRI at baseline and at 6‐month follow‐up. Patients received standard‐of‐care antihypertensive therapy that were classified as RASI vs. non‐RASI medications (ie, destiffening vs. nondestiffening).We compared aortic PWV, flow reversal fraction (FRF), aortic measurements, cardiac function, and other aortic and cardiac measurements in the antihypertensive therapy groups.Statistical TestsTwo‐tailed paired or unpaired Student's t‐tests (normal distributions) or Wilcoxon tests (nonnormal distribution). Univariate correlations using Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in PWV in the RASI (n = 10) group (9.4 ± 1.6 m/s vs. 8.3 ± 1.9 m/s; P < 0.05), as well as FRF (18.6% ± 4.1% vs. 16.3% ± 4.0%; P < 0.05) between baseline and the 6‐month MRI studies. There were no changes in PWV or FRF in the non‐RASI (n = 6) group (P = 0.146 and P = 0.32). A decrease in FRF was significantly correlated with a decrease in PWV (r = 0.53; P < 0.05).Data ConclusionThe findings of our study suggest that RASI therapy after cryptogenic stroke resulted in a decrease of blood flow reversal and aortic stiffness.Evidence Level1Technical Efficacy Stage4
Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis With T1ρ MRI: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sun Shuangshuang , Zhou Nan , Feng Yongjing , Lv Ying , He Jian , Liu Song , Chen Weibo , Kong Wentao , Zhou Zhengyang 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundChronic pancreatitis (CP) can result in persistent damage to the endocrine and exocrine tissues of the pancreas. There is an unmet need for quantitative methods to evaluate CP noninvasively.PurposeTo investigate the utility of T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of CP.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTwenty patients with CP and 24 healthy volunteers.Field Strength/Sequence3T MRI including T1ρ sequence (spin lock time = 0, 1, 10, 20, 40, 60 msec).AssessmentPancreatic T1ρ values and anterior–posterior (AP) diameters in the head, body, and tail were measured in all participants. Regions of interest with circle (ROIcircle) and free‐hand (ROIFH) were drawn for T1ρ value measurements.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐test; Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve; and Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsThe T1ρ values of pancreatic tail and the mean T1ρ values for ROIcircle and the T1ρ values of pancreatic tail for ROIFH in patients with CP were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers (all P < 0.05). Pancreatic head AP diameter significantly increased, while pancreatic tail AP diameter significantly decreased in patients with CP compared with healthy volunteers (both P < 0.05). The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of pancreatic tail T1ρ values with ROIcircle and tail AP diameter in diagnosing CP were 0.744 and 0.798, respectively. A combination of pancreatic tail T1ρ values with ROIcircle and tail AP diameter achieved good performance for diagnosing CP (AUC = 0.838).Data ConclusionT1ρ MRI might be a potential technique for the noninvasive evaluation of CP.Level of Evidence 2Technical Efficacy Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:577–584.
Signal enhancement in desorption nanoelectrospray ionization by custom‐made inlet with pressure regulation
Authors: Nytka Marianna , Borovcová Lucie , Fryčák Petr , Barták Petr , Lemr Karel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe efficiency of desorption/ionization becomes more critical as the sampled surface area decreases. Desorption electrospray and desorption nanoelectrospray belong to ambient ionizations and enable direct surface analysis including mass spectrometric imaging. Lateral resolution in tens of micrometers was demonstrated for desorption nanoelectrospray previously, but sensitivity of the surface scan can be an issue. For desorption electrospray, the drag force in the source is driven by the flow of used gases and vacuum suction. Ion signal intensity can be improved by controlling the nebulizing gas flow rate or auxiliary pumping of a closed compartment in front of the mass spectrometer inlet. Because nanoelectrospray generates charged droplets without the assistance of a nebulizing gas, only vacuum suction drives the gas flow. In this study, the effect of pressure drop between the atmospheric and evacuated region of a mass spectrometer on the ion signal intensity was investigated for desorption nanoelectrospray. A modification of the commercial inlet was designed. An auxiliary pump was directly connected to an inner compartment of the modified mass spectrometer inlet through a needle valve that enabled the regulation of the reduced pressure. Adjustment of the pressure drop significantly increased signal intensity (more than one order of magnitude in some cases). To a lesser extent, the temperature of a heated capillary (an integral part of the inlet) also influenced the signal intensity. The applicability of desorption nanoelectrospray equipped with pressure regulation was demonstrated by the analysis of synthetic cathinones or a pill of paracetamol. Because pressure in the inlet depends on the diameters of orifices and the power of vacuum systems of mass spectrometers, the effect of the pressure regulation can be different for different instruments. Nevertheless, the presented results confirmed the importance of pressure drop‐driven transport for desorption nanoelectrospray efficiency and can encourage its new applications.
The role of DBP gene polymorphisms in the prevalence of new coronavirus disease 2019 infection and mortality rate
Authors: Karcioglu Batur Lutfiye , Hekim Nezih 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has given rise to emerging respiratory infections with pandemic diffusion. The vitamin D binding protein (DBP) with emphasis on its regulation of total and free vitamin D metabolite levels participate in various clinical conditions. The main goal of this study was to evaluate if there was any association between the DBP gene polymorphism at rs7041 and rs4588 loci and the prevalence of COVID‐19 and its mortality rates caused among populations of 10 countries including Turkey. Positive significant correlations were found between the prevalence (per million) and mortality rates (per million), and GT genotype (P < .05) while there was a negative significant correlation between prevalence (per million) and mortality rates (per million), and TT genotype at rs7041 locus among all populations (P < .05). However, no significant correlation was found at rs4588 locus. GT genotype was found to confer this susceptibility to the populations of Germany, Mexico, Italy, Czech, and Turkey. The variations in the prevalence of COVID‐19 and its mortality rates among countries may be explained by Vitamin D metabolism differed by the DBP polymorphisms of rs7041 and rs4588.
Clinical and radiological diagnosis of non–SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses in the era of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Alpaydin Aylin O. , Gezer Naciye S. , Simsek Gokçen O. , Tertemiz Kemal C. , Kutsoylu Oya O. E. , Zeka Arzu N. , Guzel Irmak , Soyturk Mujde , Sayiner Ayca A. , Oguz Vildan A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFollowing the announcement of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) case on 11 March 2020 in Turkey, we aimed to report the coinfection rates, and the clinical, laboratory, radiological distinctive features of viral pneumonia caused by viruses other than severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). A cross‐sectional study was conducted between 18 and 31 March 2020. COVID‐19 suspected cases admitted to pandemic policlinic, who had nasopharyngeal swab specimens tested for both SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory viral pathogens, were included. Among 112 patients, SARS‐CoV‐2 was detected in 34 patients (30%). Among the non–SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses (n = 25, 22%), metapneumovirus (n = 10) was the most frequent agent. There were two coinfections with SARS‐CoV‐2. Sputum was less in the SARS‐CoV‐2 group (P = .003). The leukocyte, lymphocyte, and thrombocyte count and C‐reactive protein levels were the lowest in the SARS‐CoV‐2 group (P < .001, P = .04, P < .001, P = .007, respectively). Peripheral involvement (80% vs 20%; P ≤ .001), pure ground‐glass opacity (65% vs 33%; P = .04), apicobasal gradient (60% vs 40%; P = .08), involvement of greater than or equal to three lobes (80% vs 40%; odds ratio: 6.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.33‐27.05; P = .02), and consolidation with accompanying ground‐glass opacity (4% vs 33%; P = .031) were more common in SARS‐CoV‐2 group. Some clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings may help in the differential diagnosis of non–SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses from COVID‐19. However, coinfections may occur, and a non–SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogen positivity does not exclude accompanying COVID‐19.
Pain‐induced alterations in the dynorphinergic system within the mesocorticolimbic pathway: Implication for alcohol addiction
Authors: Lorente Jesús David , Cuitavi Javier , Campos‐Jurado Yolanda , Hipólito Lucía 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLatest studies have revealed that pain negatively impacts on reward processing and motivation leading to negative affective states and stress. These states not only reduce quality of life of patients by increasing the appearance of psychiatric comorbidities, but also have an important impact on vulnerability to drug abuse, including alcohol. In fact, clinical, epidemiological but also preclinical studies have revealed that the presence of pain is closely related to alcohol use disorders (AUDs). All this evidence suggests that pain is a factor that increases the risk of suffering AUD, predicting heavy drinking behavior and relapse drinking in those patients with a previous history of AUD. The negative consequences of chronic pain and its impact on stress and AUD are likely mediated by alterations in the central nervous system, especially in the stress and reward systems. Therefore, pain and stress impact on dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway can lead to an increase in drug abuse liability. In this mini review we analyze the interaction between pain, stress, and alcohol addiction, and how dynamic changes in the kappa opioid system might play a crucial role in the development of compulsive alcohol drinking in chronic pain patients.
A multilevel investigation of predictors and outcomes of shared leadership
Authors: Klasmeier Kai N. , Rowold Jens 
Published: August 2020

SummaryFor modern organizations, shared leadership becomes increasingly important. Knowledge on shared leadership may be limited, as past research often relies on cross‐sectional data or student samples, and most studies neglect the multilevel nature of shared leadership. Our research model includes transformational leadership, trust, and organizational support as predictors of shared leadership. Furthermore, we analyze the influence of shared leadership on team performance and team creativity. In total, 160 teams with 697 employees participated in our field study. Data collection took place at three time points. To test our hypotheses, we used multilevel modeling with a Bayesian estimator. We found relationships of transformational leadership and trust with shared leadership at the team level and of transformational leadership, trust, and organizational support with shared leadership at the individual level. Furthermore, shared leadership fully mediated the effect of the three input factors on team performance and team creativity. This study contributes to the understanding of the antecedents and outcomes of shared leadership. Furthermore, the dynamic development of team processes based on an input–mediator–output model is explored. On the basis of the results, organizations can increase shared leadership behavior by focusing on transformational leadership and trust building.
Tooth loss and risk of end‐stage renal disease: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Han Kyungdo , Park Jun‐Beom 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe association between renal disease and oral health has been studied in previous researches. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether oral health, depicted by number of natural teeth was associated with an increased risk of kidney diseases.MethodsThe present study analysed data from the Korean National Health Insurance from 2007 to 2008. Database of 4,544,610 individuals who received routine health checkups and dental examinations were included in this study.ResultsThere was an increase in end‐stage renal disease with lower number of natural teeth and longer follow‐up periods. Hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for end‐stage renal disease in participants with a number of natural teeth of 28, 24 to 27, 20 to 23, and <20 were one (reference), 1.066(0.997,1.139), 1.285(1.161,1.422), and 1.285(1.155,1.429), respectively. The association was significantly noted with age and body mass index (P < 0.05). In general, the substantial increase in hazard ratios is seen with loss of teeth and smoking. Hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for end‐stage renal disease in male smoking participants with a number of natural teeth <28 is 1.631(1.339,1.988). However, this association was not noted in female group.ConclusionsThe association between number of natural teeth and end‐stage renal disease was suggested after adjusting for confounding factors by using multiple logistic regression analyses from the entire South Korean population. Oral health, depicted by the number of tooth loss showed strong and dose‐dependent association with end‐stage renal disease in a large population‐based cohort.
Pressure effects on N2–N2 rototranslational Raman spectra predicted from leading spectral moments
Authors: Sokolov Andrei , Buldyreva Jeanna , Kouzov Alexander 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNon‐Markovian effects having a strong influence on far‐wing intensities of spectroscopic signatures by molecular gases are analyzed theoretically with the use of a non‐Markovian relaxation matrix derived for rapidly colliding linear rotators (J. Chem. Phys. 149, 044305 [2018]) for the benchmark case of rototranslational Raman spectra of molecular nitrogen recorded at high densities up to very far wings (Phys. Lett. A 157, 44 [1991]). This matrix is built here on the base of the translational‐spectrum model of Birnbaum and Cohen and the recently computed, from known potential energy surfaces, two leading classical spectral moments (J. Ram. Spectrosc. 2020, DOI: 10.1002/jrs.5923). Theoretical intensity computations, going beyond the commonly used impact approximation, give much less overestimated values in the far wing and constitute a promising tool for getting accurate theoretical description of broad‐band spectra.
Lung Ultrasound in COVID‐19 A Role Beyond the Acute Phase?
Authors: Gaspardone Carlo , Meloni Carlo , Preda Alberto , Romagnolo Davide , Brugliera Luigia , Castellazzi Paola , Tettamanti Andrea , Conte Caterina , Secchi Antonio , Maranta Francesco , Iannaccone Sandro , Cianflone Domenico 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a viral illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. With the increasing number of improved and discharged patients with COVID‐19, the definition of an adequate follow‐up strategy is needed. The purpose of this study was to assess whether lung ultrasound (LUS) is an effective indicator of subclinical residual lung damage in patients with COVID‐19 who meet discharge criteria.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 70 consecutive patients with COVID‐19 who had a prolonged hospitalization with inpatient rehabilitation between April 6 and May 22, 2020. All of the patients underwent an LUS evaluation at discharge. Data of patients with more severe disease during the acute phase (ie, required ventilatory support) were compared to those of patients with milder disease.ResultsAmong the 70 patients with COVID‐19 (22 women and 48 men; mean age ± SD, 68 ± 13 years), the LUS score before discharge was still frankly pathologic and higher in patients who had more severe disease during the acute phase compared to patients with milder disease (median [interquartile range], 8.0 [5.5–13.5] versus 2.0 [1.0–7.0]; P < .001), even when both categories met internationally defined discharge criteria.ConclusionsLung ultrasound can identify the persistence of subclinical residual lung damage in patients with severe COVID‐19 even if they meet discharge criteria. Considering the low cost, easy application, and lack of radiation exposure, LUS seems the ideal tool to be adopted in outpatient and primary care settings for the follow‐up of patients with COVID‐19.
Validation of a Telemedicine Quality Assurance Method for Point‐of‐Care Obstetric Ultrasound Used in Low‐Resource Settings
Authors: Dougherty Anne , Kasten Miriam , DeSarno Michael , Badger Gary , Streeter Mary , Jones David C. , Sussman Betsy , DeStigter Kristen 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesA remote quality assurance and improvement protocol for point‐of‐care obstetric ultrasound in low‐resource areas was validated against the standard of care for obstetric ultrasound in the United States.MethodsCompressed movie clip ultrasound images (obstetric sweep protocol) obtained by minimally trained personnel were read and interpreted by physicians with training in obstetric ultrasound. Observed findings were compared among readers and between each reader and the gold standard ultrasound scan report. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis.ResultsThe agreements among readers and between readers and the gold standard, for the anterior and posterior variables of the placental location were excellent, with Cohen κ values of 0.81 to 0.88 and 0.77 to 0.9, respectively. Cohen κ values were slight or slight/fair for other placental locations (left, right, fundal, and low), and the sensitivity and specificity ranged widely. The agreement among readers and between readers and the gold standard for fetal number comparisons was also excellent, with Cohen κ values ranging from 0.82 to 1, sensitivity from 0.83 to 1, and specificity from 0.99 to 1. The agreement among readers for fetal presentation comparisons, according to the Cohen κ, ranged from 0.79 to 0.85 and between readers and the gold standard had values of 0.43 to 0.49. For biometric parameters and estimated gestational age calculations based on these parameters, inter‐reader reliability ranged from 0.79 to 0.85 for all parameters except femur length. Greater than 94% of obstetric sweep protocol ultrasound ages were within 7 days of the corresponding gold standard age.ConclusionsMovie clip ultrasound images provided adequate information for remote readers to reliably determine the placental location, fetal number, fetal presentation, and pregnancy dating.
Ablative Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser and Autologous Platelet‐Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scars: A Comparative Clinico‐Immuno‐Histopathological Study
Authors: El‐Hawary Esraa E. , Nassar Samia , Hodeib Abeer A. , Shareef Mohamed M. , Fawzy Mohamed M. 
Published: August 2020

Background and ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), ablative fractional carbon dioxide (FCO2) laser, and their combination in the treatment of atrophic acne scars, both clinically and immuno‐histopathologically.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSixty patients were randomly divided into three equal groups. Group 1 received intradermal PRP injection sessions. Group 2 received FCO2 laser sessions. Group 3 received FCO2 laser followed by intradermal PRP injection sessions. Each group received three sessions at monthly intervals. The final assessment took place 3 months after the last session. Skin biopsies were obtained before and 1 month after treatment sessions with pathological evaluation.ResultsCombined PRP and FCO2 laser‐treated patients had a better clinical response, fewer side effects, and shorter downtime than FCO2 laser alone. PRP‐treated patients had some improvement but significantly lower than the other two groups.ConclusionThe current study concluded that a combination of PRP and FCO2 laser is an effective and safe modality in the treatment of atrophic acne scars with better results than PRP or FCO2 laser alone. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC