bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hemodialysis and Post-Dialysis Period on Granular Activity Levels
Authors: Larkin John W , Han Maggie , Han Hao , Guedes Murilo H , Gonçalves Priscila Bezerra , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo , Cuvello-Neto Américo Lourenço , Barra Ana Beatriz L , de Moraes Thyago Proença , Usvyat Len A , Kotanko Peter , Canziani Maria Eugenia F , Raimann Jochen G , Pecoits-Filho Roberto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) is typically lower on hemodialysis (HD) days. Albeit intradialytic inactivity is expected, it is unknown whether recovery after HD contributes to low PA. We investigated the impact of HD and post-HD period on granular PA relative to HD timing. Methods: We used baseline data from the HDFIT trial conducted from August 2016 to October 2017. Accelerometry measured PA over one week in patients who received thrice-weekly high-flux HD (vintage 3 to 24 months), were clinically stable, and had no ambulatory limitations. PA was assessed on HD days (0 to ≤24 hours after start HD), first non-HD days (0 to ≤24 hours after start HD) and second non-HD day (>24 to ≤48 hours after start HD). PA was recorded in blocks/slices: 4 hours during HD, 0 to ≤2 hours post-HD (30 minute slices), and >2 to ≤20 hours post-HD (4.5 hour slices). Blocks/slices of PA were captured at concurrent/parallel times on first/second non-HD days compared to HD days. Results: Among 195 patients (mean age 53±15 years, 71% male), step counts per 24-hours were 3919±2899 on HD days, 5308±3131 on first non-HD days (p<0.001), and 4926±3413 on second non-HD days (p=0.032). During concurrent/parallel times to HD on first and second non-HD days, patients took 1308 and 1128 more steps (both p<0.001). Patients took 276 more steps and had highest rates of steps/hour 2-hours post-HD versus same times on first non-HD days (all p<0.05). Consistent findings were observed on second non-HD days. Conclusions: PA was higher within 2-hours of HD versus same times on non-HD days. Lower PA on HD days was attributable to intradialytic inactivity. The established PA profiles are of importance to the design and development of exercise programs that aim to increase activity during and between HD treatments. Trial Registration: HDFIT was registered 20 April 2016 on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02787161) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02787161.
Diagnostic potential of ultrasound in carpal tunnel syndrome with different etiologies: correlation of sonographic median nerve measures with electrodiagnostic severity.
Authors: Elnady Basant , Rageh Elsayed M , Ekhouly Tohamy H. , Fathy Sabry M. , Alshaar Mohamed , Fouda El Saeed , Attar Mohammed , Abdelaal Ahmed M. , Tantawi Ahmed El , Algethami Mohammed M , Bong David Andrew 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the commonest entrapment neuropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and validity of high resolution musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of CTS in the Saudi population. Methods: Sixty patients were diagnosed clinically to have CTS involving 89 wrists that were confirmed by neurophysiologic studies. Each affected wrist was characterized as idiopathic or associated with either diabetes mellitis or hypothyroidism and were assigned a severity grade based on results of neurophysiologic studies. Seventy-six healthy wrists from fifty age, sex and BMI matched healthy subjects were included in the control group . High resolution ultrasound (US) was performed to assess cross sectional area distal (CSAd) at the entry to the carpal tunnel and proximally (CSAp) at the level of pronator quadratus muscle with a further calculation of their difference (ΔCSA) and their mean average or CSAd+CSAp/2 (CSApd) . Results: There was a significant difference between both groups regarding mean ±SD of CSAd, CSAp, ∆CSA, and CSApd (p = 0.0001). A positive significant correlation was also found between the CSAd, ∆ CSA and the CSApd measurements with the severity neurophysiological CTS (P=0.001). A ∆CSA threshold of 2.5 mm 2 showed the highest sensitivity and specificity to diagnose CTS in Saudis. Conclusion High resolution ultrasound is a valid and accurate diagnostic modality in carpal tunnel syndrome and correlated to CTS severity. A ∆CSA greater than 2.5 mm 2 is considered a valid diagnostic value for CTS in our Saudi population. CTS in our patients with diabetes tend to have greater median nerve US measurement values.
Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with Cardiovascular Disease in Kurdish Adults: Results of a Prospective Study on Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Ayenehpour Azad , Nazar Mehdi Moradi , Samadi Mehnoosh , Hamzeh Behrooz , Najafi Farid , Karimi Sheno , Faraji Fakhereh , Darbandi Mitra , Pasdar Yahya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background and aim Various diets and dietary compounds, through their inflammatory properties, are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) can evaluate the inflammatory properties of diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between DII and CVDs in participants of the Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD)cohort study, Kermsnahsh, Iran.Materials and methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted using the recruitment phase data of the RaNCD cohort study on 6369 participants aged 35 to 65 years. The Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess diet. The DII scores were calculated using FFQ data. Participants with a history of myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary artery disease, and/or taking medications for the CVDs were considered as the CVDs patients.Results Of the 6369 studied participants, 9% (n=579) had CVDs history. The mean DII score in this study was -0.84±1.6. Odds ratio (OR) of CVDs in female was 1.6 times higher than in male (CI 95%=1.3-1.9), which this association was remained after adjusting for confounding variables (OR=1.5, CI%=1.2-1.9). The risk of CVDs in the fourth quartile of DII was 1.4 times higher than the first quartile of DII (OR: 1.4, CI 95%=1.1-1.8). We found that higher adhere to DII was associated with risk of CVDs.Conclusion Given the role of diet through inflammatory properties on the risk of CVDs, it is highly recommended to use DII as an appropriate index to measure the effect of diet on CVDs. In addition, a diet with lower DII is more healthy diet for cardiovascular health.
The interaction between serum uric acid and triglycerides level on blood pressure for middle-aged and elderly individuals in China
Authors: Zhang Lin , Li Jin-long , Guo Lei-lei , Li Hong , Li Dan , xu guang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The purpose of the research is to explore the extent of interaction between triglycerides (TG) and serum uric acid (SUA) level with blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.Methods Data were selected from the CHARLS, a cross-sectional study. A total of 7119 individuals aged 45 to 96 in our study was included. Differences between gender, or between categories of blood pressure levels were evaluated by t-test or chi-square test. The adjusted associations between various characteristics and BP status were first compared using linear regression models, as appropriate. Then, general linear models adjusting for related potential confounders were used to examine the synergistic effect of SUA and TG level on blood pressure (BP) for middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.Results Age-adjusted partial Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that SUA and TG level positively correlated with both SBP and DBP in men and women. Multiple linear regression analysis showedTG levels were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in both males (SBP: β =0.068, P =0.001; DBP: β =0.064, P =0.002) and females (SBP: β =0.061, P =0.002; DBP: β =0.084, P =0.000), but serum uric acid (SUA) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) in both males (SBP: β =0.047, P =0.013) and females (SBP: β =0.040, P =0.028), regardless of other confounding factors. A general linear model adjusted for confounding factors was used to assessed the statistical significance of the synergistic relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and triglycerides (TG) level. Evidence of interaction between serum uric acid (SUA) and triglycerides (TG) level on SBP (men: β =-1.090, P =0.726; women: β =-0.692, P =0.861) and DBP (men: β=-1.026, P =0.572; women: β =-0.794, P =0.842) was not observed.Conclusion The interaction effect of serum uric acid (SUA) and triglycerides (TG) level on blood pressure (BP) was not observed in our study.
Alterations in gut microbiota of abdominal aortic aneurysm mice
Authors: Xie Jiahe , Lu Weiling , Zhong Lintao , Hu Yuhua , Li Qingrui , Ding Rongming , Zhong Zhonggao , Liu Ziyou , Xiao Hai , Xie Dongming , Zheng Guofu , Ye Bo , Zhong Yiming , Liu Zuheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background：The gut microbiome plays an important role in various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension, which are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Methods: Here, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to explore gut microbiota in mice with AAAs. A mouse model of abdominal aortic aneurysms was induced with angiotensin II (1000 ng/min per kg). On day 28 after the operation, fecal samples were collected and stored at −80 °C until DNA extraction. We determined the relative abundances of bacterial taxonomic groups using 16S rRNA amplicon metabarcoding, and sequences were analyzed using a combination of mother software and UPARSE. Results: We found that the gut microbiome was different between control and AAA mice. The results of correlation analysis between AAA diameter and the gut microbiome as well as LEfSe of the genera Akkermansia, Odoribacter, Helicobacter and Ruminococcus might be important in the progression of AAAs. Conclusions: AAA mice is subjected to gut microbial dysbiosis, and Akkermansia might be a potential therapeutic target.
Lycopene improves on basic hematological and immunological parameters in diabetes
Authors: Eze Ejeike Daniel , Afodun Adam Moyosore , Kasolo Josephine , Kasozi Keneth Iceland 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Diabetes is associated with an upset of hematological and immunological parameters in humans, however information on the effects of Lycopene is scarce. The aim of the study was to gain information on basic changes in hematological parameters as markers for safety since anemia as a complication in diabetic chemotherapy has been reported.Results Lycopene had anti-anemic effects and improved on the immune status of diabetic rats and these observations were dose independent. There was a decrease in neutrophil, low neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet counts and stable albumin, globulin levels.
Food insecurity and lipid profile abnormalities are associated with an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a case-control study
Authors: Tutunchi Helda , Saghafi-Asl Maryam , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Ostadrahimi Alireza 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important public health problem and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the relation between food insecurity and NAFLD. This study aimed to assess the relationship between food insecurity, risk factors associated with food insecurity, and NAFLD prevalence in a sample of Iranian adults.Methods In this age-matched and gender-matched case–control study, 210 subjects were recruited. NAFLD diagnosis was performed by a single expert radiologist using ultrasonography. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometric indices, body composition, along with food insecurity and depression status were assessed. Blood samples were collected to determine the lipid profile parameters. Chi-square, independent samples t-test, and uni-and multi-variate logistic regression tests were used. Data were analysed using SPSS V.23.0.Results The prevalence of food insecurity was 56.8% and 26.1% in cases and controls ( P<0.001 ), respectively. According to final analysis model, food insecurity, depression, number of children≥4, overweight, and obesity were identified as significant independent risk factors for NAFLD. The chance of NAFLD in the food insecure, depressed, overweight, and obese subjects was 2.2 (95%CI:1.12-3.43), 1.9 (95%CI:1.02-3.62), 2.6 (95% CI:1.81-3.92), and 2.9 (95%CI:2.02- 5.34) times higher, respectively. Additionally, a higher waist circumference (men, OR = 2.9, P<0.001 ; women, OR= 2.6, P<0.001 ), an elevated waist-to-hip ratio (men, OR = 2.3, P<0.001 ; women, OR= 2.7, P<0.001 ), an increased waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.9, P<0.001 ), and a higher body fat percentage (men, OR = 3.0, P<0.001 ; women, OR= 3.3, P<0.001 ) were independently associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. The odds of NAFLD increased by increment in serum triglyceride (TG) levels (OR = 2.6, P<0.001 ) and decreased by increase in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR = 0.34, P<0.001 ). Compared to controls, NAFLD patients were more likely to have higher TG/HDL-C ratio (OR = 3.3, P<0.001 ).Conclusions The prevalence of food insecurity in patients with NAFLD was significantly higher compared to controls. Food insecurity was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Additionally, NAFLD was significantly related to some indicators of dyslipidemia.
A Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation to a North American Context of the 51-Item Swedish Flodén Attitudes Toward Organ Donor Advocacy Instrument (Flodén ATODAI)
Authors: Flodén Anne , Stadtler Maria , Collazo Stephanie E Jones , Mone Tom , Ash Rick , Fridlund Bengt 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Intensive and critical-care nurses are the key to successful donor management in the critical-care setting. No studies measuring attitudes toward organ donor advocacy existed before 2011, when the 51-item Swedish “Attitudes Toward Organ Donor Advocacy Scale” was developed. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and establish the psychometric properties of the North American version of the Flodén ATODAI (Attitudes Toward Organ Donor Advocacy Instrument) in terms of validity and reliability. Methods: A multi-step approach was used: Initial translation; Back-translation; Review and synthesis of these translations; Expert panel (N=7) rated the prefinal version of the instrument for content validity index (CVI); International panel made adjustments guided by the expert panel . Reliability testing with test and retest of the adjusted 46-item version was conducted using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), weighted kappa ( ҡ Weight ), sign test, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α), (N=50); and finally Delphi technique procedure with a preselected Delphi panel (N=15). Results: The CVI was determined to be greater than the 0.05 significance level. Item level (I-CVI) ranged 0.82-1.0, with a mean of 0.97. Scale level (S-CVI) on the entire instrument was 0.97. Test-retest procedure was performed to estimate stability. In total, 34 of the items had good-to-high ICC. Accepting an ICC of > 0.70 resulted in a total of 24 items. Homogeneity reliability was estimated by α and was calculated for these items where α=0.90. In total, 20 of the items had a substantial or almost perfect ҡ Weight and 23 showed a moderate ҡ Weight . None of the items showed systematical differences. The Delphi technique procedure was used on the 22 items with ICC <0.70 resulted in adjustments establishing that consensus was achieved. Conclusions: Undertaking this multi-step, cross-cultural adaptation procedure has effectively ensured that the 46-item Flodén ATODAI [North America version] produces valid and reliable measurements.
Advanced practice nurses in primary care in Switzerland: an analysis of interprofessional collaboration
Authors: Josi Renata , Bianchi Monica , Brandt Sophie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The increase in the number of chronically ill patients due to ageing is calling existing models of primary care into question. New care models have recently been implemented in Swiss primary care and involve interprofessional teams. This paper aimed to analyze the practice of interprofessional collaboration between advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, and medical practice assistants within new models of primary care in Switzerland using the National Interprofessional Competency Framework (NICF). Methods: An ethnographic design comprising semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations was conducted. Sixteen interviews were conducted with care providers at their primary care practice. Interviewees included four advanced practice nurses, two registered nurses, six medical practice assistants, and four general practitioners. Nine other health professionals were subsequently observed in their practice. Interviews and observations were conducted by the first author from February to April 2019. Results: Our analysis confirmed that role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, interprofessional conflict resolution, patient-centered care, and interprofessional communication have a significant influence on the interprofessional collaboration among health professionals in Swiss primary care. Among these domains, role clarification and team functioning were the most frequently raised issues. Both were found to have the potential to negatively influence and, therefore, hinder efficient interprofessional collaboration within primary care. The observation of APNs and MPAs working in practice confirmed these results. Conclusion: From the analysis, it emerged that role clarification is crucial for effective interprofessional collaboration within new care delivery models in the Swiss primary care context. Our study results may inform international health policymakers and practitioners about six important domains of interprofessional care when implementing new care models. Practical experience with new models of care involving advanced practice nurses and medical practice assistants may also influence the regulation of the scope of practice of these health professionals in Switzerland.
Clinical Academic Careers for General Practice Nurses: A qualitative exploration of associated barriers and enablers
Authors: Jones Sarahjane , Bradbury Andrew , Shortland Sue , Hewett Fraser , Storey Karen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The delivery of research in healthcare is dependent on a sub-group of clinicians – clinical academics – who concurrently engage in clinical practice and academic activities. The need to increase access to such roles for general practice nurses (GPNs) has been identified, though the need for a robust career framework remains. In order to generate evidence needed to contribute to the development of a career framework, this study aimed to explore the concept of clinical academic careers for GPNs by identifying barriers and enablers associated with pursuing and performing such roles. Methods: GPNs ( n =18) and general practitioners (GPs) ( n =5) engaged in either an audio recorded interview or focus group. Recordings were transcribed verbatim, with transcripts subject to a process of thematic analysis.Results: Four main themes were identified: awareness and understanding; career pathway; personal and professional attributes; and organisational factors. Awareness and understanding of clinical academic careers for GPNs was generally poor. Participants suggested that the career pathway for GPN clinical academics was unclear, though it was generally assumed that such roles were “out of reach” and would require a minimum of Master’s level education. Personal and professional attributes were reported as an interest in research and the confidence to perform such activities, though it was noted these elements should be encouraged during pre-registration training. Organisational factors included the needed for GPN employers to understand the value and benefit of GPN clinical academic roles, along with ensuring that the inevitable competing demands of such a role were appropriately managed. Conclusions: This study highlights the difficulties faced by GPNs wishing to pursue a clinical academic career. Academia is seemingly placed upon a pedestal, emphasising the need to embed research training early on in nursing education in order to alter GPN perceptions that clinical academic roles are unobtainable. Moreover, the development of a robust career pathway for GPN clinical academic roles may have a positive impact on the retention of experienced GPNs and attract newly qualified nurses.
Constructing a fine-grained entity recognition corpus based on clinical records of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: zhang tingting , Wang Yaqiang , Wang Xiaofeng , Yang Yafei , Ye Ying 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective ： In this paper, we focused on building a fine-grained entity annotation corpus with corresponding annotation guideline of Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM ) clinical records, and to provide an effective way to build more corpora of TCM clinical records in the future. Methods: Instead of previous research methods, we proposed four steps approach which is suitable for TCM medical records in our corpus construction work. Firstly, determine the entity types included in this study through sample annotation method; secondly, draft our fine-grained annotation guideline by summarizing the characteristics of the dataset and referring to some existing guidelines; thirdly, update the guideline through iterative annotations way until the inter-annotator agreement (IAA) value exceed 0.9, kappa value was used to measure the IAA; fourthly, comprehensive annotations were performed, if IAA value exceeds 0.9 stably . After above four method steps, we succeeded to construct the fine-grained entity recognition corpus of TCM clinical records. Results: There are 4 entity categories involving 13 entity types being determined finally. The fine-grained annotated entity corpus consists of 1104 entities and 67799 tokens totally. The final IAAs are 0.93, 0.94, 0.94 respectively (between two of the three annotators), the IAA value show the fine-grained entity recognition corpus are of high quality. We constructed a fine-grained annotated guideline and entity recognition corpus of TCM clinical records. Conclusions: The four-step method was of high quality, the corpus constructed in this study was an encouraging example . Based on this approach, more comprehensive corpus about TCM clinical records will be built to support the TCM named entity recognition tasks in future research.