bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: Two cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome with transient night blindness
Authors: Miyake Kanna , Egawa Mariko , Mitamura Yoshinori , Yanai Ryoji 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study aimed to report two cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) with transient night blindness.Case PresentationCase 1: A 24-year-old man presented with acute visual loss and night blindness in his right eye. Examination revealed an enlarged blind spot and multiple white dots extending from the posterior pole to the peripheral retina in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed multiple disruptions of the ellipsoid zone (EZ). Full-field electroretinography (ffERG) demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in rod amplitude compared with cone amplitude in both eyes. After 3 months, the white dots, EZ disruption, and night blindness resolved spontaneously, and the ffERG amplitude normalized in the right eye. However, the enlarged blind spot persisted. Case 2: A 66-year-old woman presented with acute visual deterioration and night blindness in her right eye. The right eye exhibited an enlarged blind spot and numerous white spots widely extending from the posterior pole to the periphery. OCT revealed widespread EZ loss, and ffERG showed reduced rod and cone responses. SubTenon’s triamcinolone acetonide injection was administered, and 3 months after the injection, the night blindness, ffERG abnormalities, and EZ loss had resolved, but the enlarged blind spot remained.ConclusionMEWDS rarely causes transient night blindness due to extensive rod dysfunction. However, outer retinal layer damage is reversible, with night blindness typically resolving within a few months.
Impact of the national health insurance coverage policy on mecapegfilgrastim utilization for chemoradiotherapy-induced neutropenia in cancer patients in China: a retrospective real-world analysis
Authors: Fang Wenqing , He Jizhong , Wang Ying , Zhu Yulei , Qian Xiaodan , Su Dan , Gong Jinhong , Shang Jingjing , He Yuan , Wu Hong , Li Xin 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate mecapegfilgrastim utilization for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in cancer patients and to assess changes caused by the National Health Insurance Coverage (NHIC) policy.MethodsIndividual patient data, including demographics, medical insurance status, cancer type, and tumor stage, were extracted from electronic medical records in an oncology specialty tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province, China. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis with a segmented regression model was applied to evaluate the NHIC policy’s effects, and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify key factors influencing mecapegfilgrastim utilization.ResultsThe proportion of cancer patients receiving mecapegfilgrastim increased from 8.17% before the NHIC policy implementation to 36.05% after its implementation (P &lt; 0.001). Utilization rose abruptly following the policy intervention (β = 0.143, P &lt; 0.001) and continued to increase significantly afterward (β = 0.011, P = 0.004). However, inequities were observed in mecapegfilgrastim usage among patient subgroups, with utilization closely associated with patients’ location, cancer type, and tumor stage after the policy implementation.ConclusionThe NHIC policy significantly increased mecapegfilgrastim utilization, enabling more cancer patients to access this medication and effectively benefiting them. To address persistent inequities, the government should consider introducing additional measures, such as increasing the insurance reimbursement cap and separating the cost of expensive innovative anticancer medicines from hospital medical insurance budgets.
Older men in motion: bodies, masculinities, and redefinition of identity
Authors: González-Calvo Gustavo , García-Monge Alfonso , Ramalho André , Hamdi Faten , Duarte-Mendes Pedro 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study explores the intersection of physical exercise, masculinity, and aging in older men, examining how these elements shape identity and bodily experiences. Aging is often framed through deficit-based narratives that emphasize decline; however, this research seeks to reframe aging as a process of adaptation and opportunity. By investigating how physical activity contributes to identity reconstruction, this study aims to provide insights into the broader social and structural factors influencing older men’s engagement in exercise.MethodsThe study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 12 men aged 65–76. A narrative thematic analysis was conducted to examine participants’ experiences, concerns, and expectations regarding physical activity. This approach allowed for an in-depth exploration of how exercise intersects with notions of masculinity and aging, as well as the barriers and facilitators that shape participation in physical activities.ResultsThe analysis identified three key themes: (1) the transformative role of exercise in fostering emotional well-being and bodily awareness, (2) the renegotiation of traditional masculinity through engagement in non-traditional physical activities, and (3) the social connections cultivated through group-based exercise programs. Additionally, the study highlights social and structural barriers, such as limited access to facilities and economic constraints, which hinder participation in physical activity.DiscussionFindings underscore the significance of physical activity not only for maintaining health but also as a space for identity reconstruction and resistance to conventional narratives of aging. The study suggests that exercise serves as a means of empowerment, allowing older men to navigate aging in ways that challenge societal expectations. Moreover, the identification of structural barriers emphasizes the need for inclusive public health policies and targeted interventions that promote active aging. By reframing aging as a dynamic process of adaptation rather than mere decline, this research contributes to a broader understanding of how older adults experience and engage with physical activity.
Multimodal machine learning-based model for differentiating nontuberculous mycobacteria from mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Li Hong-ling , Zhi Ri-zeng , Liu Hua-sheng , Wang Mei , Yu Si-jie 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal machine learning approach for the differentiation of NTM from MTB.MethodsThe clinical data and CT images of 175 patients were retrospectively obtained. We established clinical data-based model, radiomics-based model, and multimodal (clinical plus radiomics) model gradually using 5 machine learning algorithms (Logistic, XGBoost, AdaBoost, RandomForest, and LightGBM). Optimal algorithm in each model was selected after evaluating the differentiation performance both in training and validation sets. The model performance was further verified using external new MTB and NTM patient data. Performance was also compared with the existing approaches and model.ResultsThe clinical data-based model contained age, gender, and IL-6, and the RandomForest algorithm achieved the optimal learning model. Two key radiomics features of CT images were identified and then used to establish the radiomics model, finding that model from Logistic algorithm was the optimal. The multimodal model contained age, IL-6, and the 2 radiomics features, and the optimal model was from LightGBM algorithm. The optimal multimodal model had the highest AUC value, accuracy, sensitivity, and negative predictive value compared with the optimal clinical or radiomics models, and its’ favorable performance was also verified in the external test dataset (accuracy = 0.745, sensitivity = 0.900). Additionally, the performance of multimodal model was better than that of the radiologist, NGS detection, and existing machine learning model, with an increased accuracy of 26, 4, and 6%, respectively.ConclusionThis is the first study to establish multimodal model to distinguish NTM from MTB and it performs well in differentiating them, which has the potential to aid clinical decision-making for experienced radiologists.
Beyond self-reports: serum cotinine reveals sex-and age-related differences of smoking on all-cause and disease-specific mortality
Authors: Jiang Qi , Junjun Liu , Wang Xiaochuan , Luo Li , He Gaoyan , Wu Xiaojuan , Min Qian , Long Ying , Wenjun Wang , Zhu Tao , Yao Yu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIt is well-known that sex and age play critical roles in smoking-related diseases and mortality. However, quantification of the extent of smoking requires self-reports in these studies, which may yield only partially accurate results. This study investigated sex-and age-related differences in the association between smoking and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality by measuring serum cotinine levels.MethodsParticipants aged 20–85 years from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018) were included. All-cause and disease-specific mortality data were obtained from publicly available user-linked mortality files. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to identify serum cotinine as an independent risk factor of mortality. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to investigate these sex and age differences. Smooth curve fitting was conducted to discover potential nonlinear relationships and threshold saturation effects.ResultsSex was significantly associated with all-cause and cancer mortality. Threshold saturation effects were observed in all-cause mortality among both males and females, cancer mortality among females, and cardiovascular disease mortality among males. Age markedly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Threshold saturation effects were found in cardiovascular disease mortality among younger adults and cancer mortality among the all-age population.ConclusionThese findings suggest that there are threshold saturation effects between smoking and mortality, and sex and age differences in smoking-related mortality are inconsistent in different diseases.
Demand analysis of public sports service for older adults using Kano model
Authors: Yang Xin , Leng Zimiao , Ma Changning , Yang Guanghui 
Published: February 2025

AimChina is one of the countries with a relatively high degree of population aging in the world. Compared with other countries, China has the largest number of older adults and the fastest aging speed. In the increasingly serious situation of population aging, it has become the common desire of the whole society to actively develop sports for older adults and improve the health and quality of life of older adults. By identifying the needs of public sports services for older adults, this study ensures the sustainable improvement and meeting the needs of sports services for older adults in the future. The findings aim to improve the quality of life of older adults, enhance their physical and mental health.MethodsParticipants were from Haigang District, Changli County, and Funing District of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, China. A total of 436 older adults who met the survey requirements were included. The socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the needs of the participants for public sports services.ResultsOf the 23 quality attributes evaluated by participants, nine were “must quality,” two were “one-dimensional quality,” three were “attractive quality,” and nine were “indifferent quality.” The better values (satisfaction) ranged from 32.80 to 58.49%, and the worse values (dissatisfaction) ranged from 28.21 to 77.98%. In addition, the average ID of 23 service quality items was 2.25, and 12 attributes were above the average, which were high value-added attributes.ConclusionBased on Kano model, it is found that older adults have a positive attitude toward physical activities, and the demand for different dimensions of public sports services is different. This study provides a theoretical basis for the decision makers of public sports services for older adults to formulate corresponding policies, and provides a scientific basis for sports instructors to optimize the content of public sports services and meet the personalized and characteristic needs of public sports services for older adults which contributes to healthy aging.
The impact of physical exercise on esports players: a monitoring perspective
Authors: Kusan Muhammet , Başoğlu Burhan , Aydoğmuş Mert , Ermiş Sermin Ağralı , Sekban Gülşah , Bayraktar Mustafa Tolga , Durmuşoğlu Mehmet Vakıf , Arslanoğlu Erkal , Öz Faik , Ceylan Levent , Küçük Hamza , Şahin Fatma Neşe 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundEsports has been defined as an organized and competitive approach to playing computer games. The esports industry has grown significantly and continues to develop in recent years. Within this period, monitoring and promoting physical exercise participation among esports players is important. The main aim of this study is to examine esports players’ participation in physical exercise. Another aim is to investigate the impact of physical exercise on body appreciation among esports players.MethodThe study involved 183 esports players (age mean: 23.26; SD: 4.30; n = 42 female, n = 141 male). Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ), and the Body Appreciation Scale.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant differences in total physical activity and body appreciation scores and their sub-dimensions based on income level and years of esports licensing. Demographic factors such as gender, income level, and duration of esports participation were found to have notable effects on physical activity and body appreciation.DiscussionMale players had higher physical activity levels and body appreciation scores than females, and individuals with higher incomes reported better body appreciation. However, an increase in the duration of esports participation led to a decrease in physical activity levels and body appreciation scores. Increasing esports players’ participation in physical activity and promoting physical exercise are recommended.
Exploring the correlation of epidemiological and clinical factors with facial injury severity scores in maxillofacial trauma: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Michalik Weronika , Toppich Julia , Łuksza Adam , Bargiel Jakub , Gąsiorowski Krzysztof , Marecik Tomasz , Szczurowski Paweł , Wyszyńska-Pawelec Grażyna , Gontarz Michał 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) provides a numerical value based on individual fractures that can be a valuable tool for management of maxillofacial trauma patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of epidemiological and clinical factors with facial fracture patterns and their correlations with FISS.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted based on 511 medical records from a 4-year period of patients with facial trauma who underwent open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) under general anesthesia. Fracture patterns were categorized into 3 anatomic subunits: upper, middle and lower face. Single-unit and panfacial fractures groups were analyzed separately. Data regarding demographics, hospitalization, etiology of injury, fracture site and complications were collected. The overall risk of fracture within the viscerocranium requiring an ORIF was presented in graphical form.ResultsSingle-unit fractures were more typical in younger patients. There was a significant association between FISS score and traumatic etiology, hospitalization time, length of surgery in each group (p &lt; 0.001). For panfacial fractures, FISS &gt;6 indicated prolonged surgery (&gt;2 h) and hospitalization (&gt;1 week).DiscussionDespite the questionable clinical utility of FISS, classifying maxillofacial trauma can facilitate comprehensive treatment planning and multidisciplinary collaboration, particularly in complex cases such as panfacial fractures.
Magnetic particle imaging resolution needed for magnetic hyperthermia treatment planning: a sensitivity analysis
Authors: Pawar Shreeniket , Arepally Nageshwar , Carlton Hayden , Vanname Joshua , Ivkov Robert , Attaluri Anilchandra 
Published: February 2025

PurposeMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a nascent tracer imaging modality that generates images from magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) in tissue. MPI resolution is a critical input parameter for defining the reliability of simulations-based temperature predictions for magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNPH). The objective of this study was to ascertain how spatial resolution provided by MPI data affects the reliability of predicted temperatures and thermal dose in simulations using MPI data as inputs.MethodsComputed tomography (CT) and MPI scans obtained from a tumor injected with MIONs were co-registered to align their coordinates. Co-registered data were used to obtain geometry and volumetric heat sources for computational simulations of MNPH in phantom tumors. In addition to using the MPI-derived in vivo MION distribution (D1) we analyzed two mathematical MION distributions: uniform (D2) and Gaussian (D3). All distributions were discretized into cubic voxels and the data were imported into a commercial finite element bioheat transfer (FEBHT) software for thermal simulations. FEBHT simulations were conducted using the Pennes’ bioheat equation using four different MION specific loss power (SLP) values in the range 300–600 [W/g Fe]. The impact on predicted temperature resolution and thermal dose of spatial resolution were assessed by varying the linear voxel density (LVD) from 0.36 to 4.06 [voxel/mm]. Results were compared against the simulation with the highest LVD [4.06(voxel/mm)], where deviations in temperature of ≤ ±1 [°C] and thermal dose coverage ≤ ±5 [%] were deemed acceptable.ResultsThe D3 distribution resulted in the highest predicted temperatures, followed by D1 and D2; however, in terms of thermal dose, D1 showed lowest tumor coverage, requiring higher heat output from MIONs than was required for the other distributions studied. The results of the sensitivity analysis revealed that the predicted tumor temperature increased with LVD across all tested SLP values. Additionally, we observed that the minimum acceptable LVD increased with SLP.ConclusionCurrent (preclinical small animal) MPI scanners provide sufficient spatial resolution to predict temperature to within ±1 [°C], and thermal dose coverage to within ±5 [%] for MION formulations having heat output SLP = &lt;370 [W/g Fe]. Higher spatial resolution is needed to achieve a similar precision when MION SLP exceeds 370 [W/g Fe]. We also conclude from the results that assuming a uniform MION distribution in tissue, which has been a common practice in MNPH simulations, overestimates the SLP needed to deposit meaningful thermal dose.
AI-Based Data Analysis of Contaminant Transportation with Regression of Oxygen and Nutrients Measurement
Authors: Khan Hasib , Alzabut Jehad , Tounsi Mohamed , Almutairi Dalal Khalid 
Published: February 2025

This research is based on the artificial intelligence approach for the error and regression analysis of contaminants, nutrients, and oxygen level in water bodies using a Caputo’s difference model. The model is composed of four subgroups including contaminant concentration (which is denoted by C), the temperature of the fluid T, oxygen concentration O, and nutrients N. ξC,ξT,ξO,ξN are assumed as diffusion constants for the respective classes. The fractional-order difference model is investigated for the existence and uniqueness of solutions as well as Hyers–Ulam stability, subjected to certain assumptions. The computational results demonstrate that the maximum contaminant concentrations reach 0.01046 mg/L for ξC=0.1 and WR = 0.1, resulting in nutrient levels as low as 4.9969 mg/L. The model predicts that increased pollutant loads increase local temperatures to 20.009 ∘C. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between reaction rates and contaminant concentrations is also observed, whereby an increase in WR from 0.1 to 0.2 reduces concentrations to 0.0038327 mg/L.
Identification and Expression Patterns of Critical Genes Related to Coat Color in Cashmere Goats
Authors: Wu Dubala , Fan Jing , Pang Yue , Wen Binhong , Li Wei , Yang Guanghao , Cheng Huiyu , Shi Jiahui , Wang Ting , Hu Sile , Li Chun , Liu Bin , Yin Jun , Wu Jianghong 
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Research on cashmere goat coat color is crucial for optimizing cashmere goat breeds and increasing their economic value. To identify key genes associated with the formation of cashmere goat coat color and to provide molecular markers for breeding purposes, three healthy, 3-year-old does with similar weights and distinct coat colors—white, black, and light brown—were selected. Methods: Skin samples were collected for transcriptome sequencing, and bioinformatics methods were applied to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the skin of cashmere goats with varying coat colors. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence were subsequently conducted to examine the expression patterns of these DEGs. Results: The results showed that a total of 1153 DEGs were identified across the three groups of cashmere goats. According to GO and KEGG analyses, these DEGs were involved in key biological processes and structures, such as the melanin biosynthetic process (GO:0042438), melanosome membrane (GO:0033162), and melanin biosynthesis from tyrosine (GO:0006583). Employing Cytoscape, a gene interaction network was plotted, highlighting a compact network of DEGs associated with coat color formation. Critical genes identified included TYRP1, TYR, DCT, ASIP, PMEL, LOC102180584, MLANA, TSPAN10, TRPM1, CLDN16, AHCY, LOC106503350, and LOC102175263. qRT-PCR and fluorescence immunohistochemistry further determined that TYRP1, TYR, DCT, and PMEL expression levels were high in black goats (BGs), while ASIP and AHCY expression levels were high in white goats (WGs). The expression levels of these six genes in light brown goats (RGs) were intermediate between those in BGs and WGs. Conclusions: TYRP1, TYR, DCT, and PMEL were believed to play pivotal roles in the formation of black coat color, while ASIP and AHCY regulated the formation of white coat color in cashmere goats.