bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel risk stratification algorithm for estimating the risk of death in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma: external validation in a retrospective chart review
Authors: Hájek Roman , Gonzalez-McQuire Sebastian , Szabo Zsolt , Delforge Michel , DeCosta Lucy , Raab Marc S , Bouwmeester Walter , Campioni Marco , Briggs Andrew 
Published: July 2020

Objectives and designA novel risk stratification algorithm estimating risk of death in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma starting second-line treatment was recently developed using multivariable Cox regression of data from a Czech registry. It uses 16 parameters routinely collected in medical practice to stratify patients into four distinct risk groups in terms of survival expectation. To provide insight into generalisability of the risk stratification algorithm, the study aimed to validate the risk stratification algorithm using real-world data from specifically designed retrospective chart audits from three European countries.Participants and settingPhysicians collected data from 998 patients (France, 386; Germany, 344; UK, 268) and applied the risk stratification algorithm.MethodsThe performance of the Cox regression model for predicting risk of death was assessed by Nagelkerke’s R2, goodness of fit and the C-index. The risk stratification algorithm’s ability to discriminate overall survival across four risk groups was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and HRs.ResultsConsistent with the Czech registry, the stratification performance of the risk stratification algorithm demonstrated clear differentiation in risk of death between the four groups. As risk groups increased, risk of death doubled. The C-index was 0.715 (95% CI 0.690 to 0.734).ConclusionsValidation of the novel risk stratification algorithm in an independent ‘real-world’ dataset demonstrated that it stratifies patients in four subgroups according to survival expectation.
Protocol for a single-arm confirmatory trial of adjuvant chemoradiation for patients with high-risk rectal submucosal invasive cancer after local resection: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG1612 (RESCUE study)
Authors: Kadota Tomohiro , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Sasaki Takeshi , Saito Yutaka , Ito Masaaki , Mizutani Tomonori , Ogawa Gakuto , Shitara Kohei , Ito Yoshinori , Kushima Ryoji , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Muto Manabu 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionIntestinal resection with lymph node dissection is the current standard treatment for high-risk lower rectal submucosal invasive cancer after local resection; however, surgery affects patients’ quality of life due to stoma placement or impaired anal sphincter function. A recent study demonstrated that adjuvant chemoradiation yields promising results.Methods and analysisThis study aims to confirm the non-inferiority of adjuvant chemoradiation, consisting of capecitabine and concurrent radiotherapy (45 Gy in 25 fractions), measured by 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS), over standard surgery in patients with high-risk lower rectal submucosal invasive cancer after local resection. The primary endpoint is 5 year RFS. The secondary endpoints are 10 years RFS, 5-year and 10-year overall survival, 5-year and 10-year local RFS, 5-year and 10-year proportion of anus-preservation without stoma, Wexner score, low anterior resection syndrome score, adverse events and serious adverse events. During the 5-year trial period, 210 patients will be accrued from 65 Japanese institutions.Ethics and disseminationThe National Cancer Center Hospital East Certified Review Board approved this study protocol in October 2018. The study is conducted in accordance with the precepts established in the Declaration of Helsinki and Clinical Trials Act. Written informed consent will be obtained from all eligible patients prior to registration. The primary results of this study will be published in an English article. In addition, the main results will be published on the websites of Japan Clinical Oncology Group (www.jcog.jp) and jRCT (https://jrct.niph.go.jp/). As to data curation, it has not been prepared yet.Trial registration numberjRCT1031180076
Doctors’ professional identity and socialisation from medical students to staff doctors in Japan: narrative analysis in qualitative research from a family physician perspective
Authors: Haruta Junji , Ozone Sachiko , Hamano Jun 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveBecoming a doctor involves transforming a lay person into a medical professional, which is known as professional socialisation. However, few studies have clarified differences in the professional socialisation process in detail. The aim of this study was to clarify the process of professional socialisation of medical students to residents to staff doctors.DesignWe used narrative analysis in qualitative research as a theoretical framework.SettingThis study was conducted in Japan.ParticipantsParticipants were collected using a purposive sample of doctors with over 7 years of medical experience. We conducted semistructured interviews from September 2015 to December 2016, then used a structured approach to integrate the sequence of events into coherent configurations.ResultsParticipants were 13 males and 8 females with medical careers ranging from 8 to 30 years. All participants began to seriously consider their own career and embodied their ideal image of a doctor through clinical practice. As residents, the participants adapted as a member of the organisation of doctors. Subsequently, doctors exhibited four patterns: first, they smoothly transitioned from ‘peripheral’ to ‘full’ participation in the organisation; second, they could no longer participate peripherally but developed a professional image from individual social interactions; third, they were affected by outsiders’ perspectives and gradually participated peripherally; fourth, they could not regard the hospital as a legitimate organisation and could not participate fully.ConclusionThe professional socialisation process comprises an institutional theory, professional persona, legitimate peripheral participation and threshold concepts. These findings may be useful in supporting professional development.
Effect and feasibility of district level scale up of maternal, newborn and child health interventions in Pakistan: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Memon Zahid Ali , Muhammad Shah , Soofi Sajid , Khan Nimra , Akseer Nadia , Habib Atif , Bhutta Zulfiqar 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionPakistan has a high burden of maternal, newborn and child morbidity and mortality. Several factors including weak scale-up of evidence-based interventions within the existing health system; lack of community awareness regarding health conditions; and poverty contribute to poor outcomes. Deaths and morbidity are largely preventable if a combination of community and facility-based interventions are rolled out at scale.Methods and analysisUmeed-e-Nau (UeN) (New Hope) project aims is to improve maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) in eight high-burden districts of Pakistan by scaling up of evidence-based interventions. The project will assess interventions focused on, first, improving the quality of MNCH care at primary level and secondary level. Second, interventions targeting demand generation such as community mobilisation, creating awareness of healthy practices and expanding coverage of outreach services will be evaluated. Third, we will also evaluate interventions targeting the improvement in quality of routine health information and promotion of use of the data for decision-making. Hypothesis of the project is that roll out of evidence-based interventions at scale will lead to at least 20% reduction in perinatal mortality and 30% decrease in diarrhoea and pneumonia case fatality in the target districts whereas two intervention groups will serve as internal controls. Monitoring and evaluation of the programme will be undertaken through conducting periodical population level surveys and quality of care assessments. Descriptive and multivariate analytical methods will be used for assessing the association between different factors, and difference in difference estimates will be used to assess the impact of the intervention on outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe ethics approval was obtained from the Aga Khan University Ethics Review Committee. The findings of the project will be shared with relevant stakeholders and disseminated through open access peer-reviewed journal articles.Trial registration numberNCT04184544; Pre-results.
Association between different coping styles and health-related quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liebermann Jenny Doris , Witte Otto W. , Prell Tino 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo describe overlapping coping strategies in people with Parkinson’s disease.DesignCross-sectional, cohort study.SettingMonocentric, inpatient and outpatient, university hospital.ParticipantsTwo-hundred participants enrolled, 162 patients with Parkinson’s disease (without dementia) analysed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of different coping styles according to the German Essen Coping Questionnaire. Association between coping, sociodemographic and clinical parameters (Movement Disorder Society (MDS)-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), non-motor symptoms questionnaire (NMS-Quest), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Beck depression inventory (BDI) and health-related quality of life (Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36))).ResultsIn comparison with patients who employed a passive coping style, patients using an active form of coping were characterised by a shorter disease duration (p=0.017), fewer motor impairments (MDS-UPDRS II p=0.040, MDS-UPDRS III p=0.003), a lower non-motor burden (NMS-Quest p=0.048), better cognitive function (MoCA p=0.036) and fewer depressive symptoms (BDI p<0.001). From the 162 participants, 24% showed an overlap of active and passive coping strategies. The most common combination was acting/problem-oriented coping and distance and self-promotion. In comparison with patients who employed passive coping, the group with an overlapping coping style was characterised by a shorter disease duration (p=0.023) and lower depressive burden (p=0.001). In comparison with patients who employed active coping, the overlap group was characterised by poorer cognitive function (p=0.045). The SF-36 values of the overlap group were between those of the active and passive coping groups.ConclusionKnowledge about overlapping coping strategies is relevant to the implementation of strategies to promote active and healthy coping.
Advance Care Planning: Promoting Effective and Aligned Communication in the Elderly (ACP-PEACE): the study protocol for a pragmatic stepped-wedge trial of older patients with cancer
Authors: Lakin Joshua R , Brannen Elise N , Tulsky James A , Paasche-Orlow Michael K , Lindvall Charlotta , Chang Yuchiao , Gundersen Daniel A , El-Jawahri Areej , Volandes Angelo 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionAdvance care planning (ACP) is associated with improved health outcomes for patients with cancer, and its absence is associated with unfavourable outcomes for patients and their caregivers. However, older adults do not complete ACP at expected rates due to patient and clinician barriers. We present the original design, methods and rationale for a trial aimed at improving ACP for older patients with advanced cancer and the modified protocol in response to changes brought by the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods and analysisThe Advance Care Planning: Promoting Effective and Aligned Communication in the Elderly study is a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial examining a Comprehensive ACP Program. The programme combines two complementary evidence-based interventions: clinician communication skills training (VitalTalk) and patient video decision aids (ACP Decisions). We will implement the programme at 36 oncology clinics across three unique US health systems. Our primary outcome is the proportion of eligible patients with ACP documentation completed in the electronic health record. Our secondary outcomes include resuscitation preferences, palliative care consultations, death, hospice use and final cancer-directed therapy. From a subset of our patient population, we will collect surveys and video-based declarations of goals and preferences. We estimate 11 000 patients from the three sites will be enrolled in the study.Ethics and disseminationRegulatory and ethical aspects of this trial include Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval via single IRB of record mechanism at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Data Use Agreements among partners and a Data Safety and Monitoring Board. We plan to present findings at national meetings and publish the results.Trial registration numberNCT03609177; Pre-results.
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors for the HADES reaction time (T$$_0$$) detector upgrade
Authors: Pietraszko J. , Galatyuk T. , Kedych V. , Kis M. , Koenig W. , Koziel M. , Krüger W. , Lalik R. , Linev S. , Michel J. , Moneta S. , Rost A. , Schemm A. , Schmidt C. J. , Sumara K. , Träger M. , Traxler M. , Wendisch Ch. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLow Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) technology has been used to design and construct prototypes of time-zero detector for experiments utilizing proton and pion beams with High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. LGAD properties have been studied with proton beams at the COoler SYnchrotron facility in Jülich, Germany. We have demonstrated that systems based on a prototype LGAD operated at room temperature and equipped with leading-edge discriminators reach a time precision below 50 ps. The application in the HADES, experimental conditions, as well as the test results obtained with proton beams are presented.
CT-Guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation of Sclerosing Hepatic Carcinoma
Authors: Song Hongshen , Ding Huaiyin , Zhu Chuandong 
Published: July 2020

Sclerosing http://mts.hindawi.com/update/) in our Manuscript Tracking System and after you have logged in click on the ORCID link at the top of the page. This link will take you to the ORCID website where you will be able to create an account for yourself. Once you have done so, your new ORCID will be saved in our Manuscript Tracking System automatically."?>hepatic carcinoma (SHC) is a rare subtype of hepatic carcinoma that can be caused by various pathogeneses. The histological characteristics of SHC demonstrate its high resistance to chemoembolization and thermal ablation; thus, surgical resection represents the primary option for the majority of patients. However, a small proportion of patients who cannot withstand surgery or who have inoperable tumors may not receive adequate treatment, causing the progression of cancer and related high mortality. To overcome the high puncture resistance, high thermal resistance, and poor thermal conductivity of microwave ablation, we developed percutaneous no-touch multiple-site microwave ablation (NTMSWA) to ablate SHC lesions. In this retrospective study, 96 and 41 patients underwent NTMSWA and surgery, respectively. In the NTMSWA group, tumor size and histological classification were determined by medical imaging and tissue biopsy before ablation, and then a personalized ablation regimen was performed. Complete ablation was achieved in a single session in 81 out of 96 (84.4%) patients. The median survival (MS) of the 90 patients who underwent NTMSWA was 51 months, and the overall survival (OS) rate at 5 years was 49.1%. In contrast, the MS in the control group was 57 months, and the OS rate at 5 years was 56.3%. There was no significant difference between the two groups, indicating that SHC <50 mm in size can be effectively ablated with NTMSWA. By adopting no-touch, multiple-site, low-power, intermittent ablation, SHC less than 50 mm in size can be completely ablated.
PRMT5 Inhibition Modulates E2F1 Methylation and Gene-Regulatory Networks Leading to Therapeutic Efficacy in JAK2V617F-Mutant MPN
Authors: Pastore Friederike , Bhagwat Neha , Pastore Alessandro , Radzisheuskaya Aliaksandra , Karzai Abdul , Krishnan Aishwarya , Li Bing , Bowman Robert L. , Xiao Wenbin , Viny Aaron D. , Zouak Anouar , Park Young C. , Cordner Keith B. , Braunstein Stephanie , Maag Jesper L. , Grego Alexander , Mehta Jaanvi , Wang Min , Lin Hong , Durham Benjamin H. , Koche Richard P. , Rampal Raajit K. , Helin Kristian , Scherle Peggy , Vaddi Kris , Levine Ross L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

We investigated the role of PRMT5 in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) pathogenesis and aimed to elucidate key PRMT5 targets contributing to MPN maintenance. PRMT5 is overexpressed in primary MPN cells, and PRMT5 inhibition potently reduced MPN cell proliferation ex vivo. PRMT5 inhibition was efficacious at reversing elevated hematocrit, leukocytosis, and splenomegaly in a model of JAK2V617F+ polycythemia vera and leukocyte and platelet counts, hepatosplenomegaly, and fibrosis in the MPLW515L model of myelofibrosis. Dual targeting of JAK and PRMT5 was superior to JAK or PRMT5 inhibitor monotherapy, further decreasing elevated counts and extramedullary hematopoiesis in vivo. PRMT5 inhibition reduced expression of E2F targets and altered the methylation status of E2F1 leading to attenuated DNA damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis. Our data link PRMT5 to E2F1 regulatory function and MPN cell survival and provide a strong mechanistic rationale for clinical trials of PRMT5 inhibitors in MPN.

Significance:
Expression of PRMT5 and E2F targets is increased in JAK2V617F+ MPN. Pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 alters the methylation status of E2F1 and shows efficacy in JAK2V617F/MPLW515L MPN models and primary samples. PRMT5 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for MPN, which is now being clinically evaluated.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611
Powerful processing to three-dimensional facial recognition using triple information
Authors: Karimi Moridani Mohammad , Karimi Moridani Ahad , Gholipour Mahin 
Published: July 2020

<p><span>Face Detection plays a crucial role in identifying individuals and criminals in Security, surveillance, and footwork control systems. Face Recognition in the human is superb, and pictures can be easily identified even after years of separation. These abilities also apply to changes in a facial expression such as age, glasses, beard, or little change in the face. This method is based on 150 three-dimensional images using the Bosphorus database of a high range laser scanner in a Bogaziçi University in Turkey. This paper presents powerful processing for face recognition based on a combination of the salient information and features of the face, such as eyes and nose, for the detection of three-dimensional figures identified through analysis of surface curvature. The Trinity of the nose and two eyes were selected for applying principal component analysis algorithm and support vector machine to revealing and classification the difference between face and non-face. The results with different facial expressions and extracted from different angles have indicated the efficiency of our powerful processing.</span></p>
Saraivada de Sambas
Authors: Furtado Filho Joao Ernani 
Published: July 2020

No Brasil, várias canções foram compostas durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), tendo o conflito como tema. Seus versos estão repletos de elogios às tropas aliadas bem como de críticas e deboches às lideranças inimigas. Este artigo, entretanto, enfoca certo tipo de ironia. No Brasil, à época, bem no início da década de 1940, o regime político era uma ditadura. Governos autoritários muito frequentemente tentam valer-se da dupla via da propaganda e da censura. Persuasão e repressão. Isso envolve os circuitos de produção musical, meios de comunicação de massa e radiodifusão. Em algumas canções sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial, é possível ouvir contradições e confrontos de nossa própria sociedade, principalmente os relativos às pessoas pobres e negras. As principais fontes aqui foram gravações originais em 78 rpm. A transcrição das letras dos discos de cera é cheia de desafios (homofonias, termos que caíram em desuso, gírias). Na metodologia, os discursos das canções são lidos tentando-se estar atento aos seus sinais qualitativos, seus pontos de relevo.
What Do Islamists Bring to the Negotiation Table? Religion and the Case of the Pakistani Taliban
Authors: Sheikh Mona Kanwal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Is religion the main reason why negotiations with Islamists fail? Contemporary international relations literature views compromise over religious claims as being particularly difficult compared to other types of claims. Religious conflicts are understood as unique phenomena. Do religious factors explain why successful conflict resolution attempts with Islamists are more difficult to achieve than with other insurgent groups who pursue non-religious claims? This article examines the case of the Pakistani Taliban and the types of demands they have made during peace talks and in their communications. The role of religion is examined in this article and, specifically, theories of scarce resources, indivisibility and securitization are analyzed to explain the difficulties of negotiating with Islamists.
An Interdecadal Change of the Boreal Summer Silk Road Pattern around the Late 1990s
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhou Wen , Qu Xia , Wu Renguang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Silk Road pattern (SRP) is a well-known teleconnection pattern along the upper-level westerly jet over the Eurasian continent during boreal summer. The SRP has experienced an interdecadal change around the late 1970s. The present study identified a new change of the SRP around the late 1990s, which is characterized by significant weakening and zonal phase shift of the major centers of the SRP during the recent decades. The recent reshaping of the SRP is attributed to an enhanced impact of precipitation anomalies over the northeastern Indian summer monsoon (ISM), which is associated with the leading mode change of the ISM precipitation anomalies around the late 1990s. The interdecadal weakening of the upper-level westerly jet over central and East Asia also favors the southward movement of the SRP during recent periods. The differences of the features, climate impact, and causes related to the recent SRP change from those related to the SRP change around the late 1970s are also contrasted in this study.