bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Management of Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis Associated With Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Bai Hao , Li Yaobin , Liu Chenxin , Zhao Yan , Zhao Xiong , Lei Wei , Feng Yafei , Wu Zixiang 
Published: March 2020

Study Design.
Retrospective observational cohort study.

Objectives.
To compare the benefits of long and short fusion treatments, and to identify factors potentially aiding surgeons’ decision making about the surgical management of degenerative lumbar scoliosis associated with spinal stenosis (DLSS).

Summary of Background Data.
The comparative effectiveness of long and short segment fusion for the treatment of DLSS remains controversial.

Methods.
Fifty-three patients with symptomatic DLSS managed by posterior-only fusion surgery were enrolled in this study. Twenty patients underwent short fusion (fewer than two segments), and 33 patients had more than three segments fused. The radiological outcomes were assessed by radiography. Health-related quality of life data, including visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, were collected at all preoperative and follow-up visits.

Results.
The short and long fusion groups showed significant differences in the change in the Cobb angle (4.2° vs. 11.2°), lumbar lordosis (3.9° vs. 11.5°), and pelvic incidence minus the lumbar lordosis angle (PI – LL; 3.2° vs. 11.2°). Both the short and long fusion achieved significant changes in low back pain and leg pain. Patients with PI –LLs > 10° had more relief of low back pain after long fusion (VAS 4.0 ± 2.0) than after short fusion (VAS 2.6 ± 1.7). Patients with PI – LLs > 10° showed significantly improved walking ability after long fusion (ODI 1.0 ± 0.8). The improvement in standing ability after short fusion was greater when PI – LL ≤ 10°(ODI 0.9 ± 0.6).

Conclusion.
Long segment fusion can relieve low back pain better and improve walking ability when PI-LL is mismatched, whereas short segment fusion is more advantageous in improving standing ability in cases of more balanced sagittal spinopelvic alignment.

Level of Evidence: 3
A New Technique That Percutaneous Endoscopic Decompression and Vertebroplasty in a Patient With Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture
Authors: Senturk Salim , Unsal Ulkun Unlu 
Published: March 2020

Study Design.
Technique note.

Objective.
To evaluate the feasibility of endoscopy in various spinal pathologies.

Summary of Background Data.
Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are a common pathology in the elderly. These fractures are often accompanied by serious complications such as neurological deficits due to the compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots.

Methods.
A 78-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with a severe pain in her left leg and back. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan revealed an osteoporotic L3 burst fracture compressing the left L3 nerve root. A minimally invasive translaminar endoscopic approach was used to remove the fractured fragment and cement was injected into the L3 vertebra. The patient was mobilized the same evening and was relieved of her pain.

Conclusion.
Minimally invasive endoscopy is a safe and effective alternative to conventional major decompression with or without posterior stabilization, particularly in elderly patients with serious comorbidities.

Level of Evidence: 4
Functional Outcomes Associated With Adjacent-level Ossification Disease 10 Years After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty or ACDF
Authors: Boody Barrett S. , Lee Evan N. , Sasso Willa R. , Vinayek Sheetal , Demeter Jaclyn M. , Sasso Rick C. , Smucker Joseph D. 
Published: March 2020

Study Design:
A retrospective review of a prospective, randomized control Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigational device exemption trial comparing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty.

Objective:
Determine the clinical significance of adjacent-level ossification disease (ALOD) on long-term functional outcomes after ACDF or arthroplasty.

Summary of Background Data:
ALOD occurs when the anterior longitudinal ligament and annulus adjacent to the index surgical level calcifies. As previously reported, ALOD happens more commonly after an arthrodesis than an arthroplasty. No investigation has previously examined 10-year clinical outcomes associated with ALOD.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients were included in the 10-year follow-up. The index level was radiographically blinded and the cephalad-adjacent level was evaluated for ALOD. These scores underwent statistical analysis to compare the 2 surgical groups (ACDF and arthroplasty) for differences in the development of ALOD at a decade follow-up. Two investigational groups, on the basis of a high or low ALOD score, then proceeded through statistical analysis to compare the functional outcomes of patients in each group.

Results:
Statistical evaluation of ALOD findings in patients from each surgical group found a significantly higher rate of high-grade ALOD in patients who underwent cervical arthrodesis with plate fixation compared with cervical arthroplasty (68.2% vs. 11.1%, P=0.0003). Functional outcomes of patients were also assessed at the 10-year mark and outcomes in patients with either high-grade or low-grade ALOD were compared. When stratified by high versus low-grade ALOD, no significant difference was found for Neck Disability Index (NDI) (P=0.6431), VAS-arm (P=0.4497), or VAS-neck (P=0.8700) scores between groups.

Conclusions:
The present study suggests that there are no significant long-term functional outcome differences between patients with and without significant ALOD. Our findings suggest ALOD may be a radiographic finding that does not alter patient-reported outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—therapeutic.
Gut hormones in microbiota-gut-brain cross-talk
Authors: Sun Li-Juan , Li Jing-Nan , Nie Yong-Zhan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The homeostasis of the gut-brain axis has been shown to exert several effects on physiological and psychological health. The gut hormones released by enteroendocrine cells scattered throughout the gastrointestinal tract are important signaling molecules within the gut-brain axis. The interaction between gut microbiota and gut hormones has been greatly appreciated in gut-brain cross-talk. The microbiota plays an essential role in modulating many gut-brain axis-related diseases, ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to psychiatric diseases. Similarly, gut hormones also play pleiotropic and important roles in maintaining health, and are key signals involved in gut-brain axis. More importantly, gut microbiota can affect the release and functions of gut hormones. This review highlights the role of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis and focuses on how microbiota-related gut hormones modulate various physiological functions. Future studies could target the microbiota-hormones-gut brain axis to develop novel therapeutics for different psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders, such as obesity, anxiety, and depression.
Desflurane anesthesia compared with total intravenous anesthesia on anesthesia-controlled operating room time in ambulatory surgery following strabotomy: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Zhu Yan-Ling , Shen Wei-Hua , Chen Qian-Ru , Ye Hui-Jin , Huang Jing-Xia , Kang Ying , Chi Wei , Gan Xiao-Liang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Ophthalmic ambulatory surgery is preferred to be performed under general anesthesia either by total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or by inhalational anesthesia to increase the patient comfort. However, anesthesia-controlled time (ACT) can cause increased non-operative operating room (OR) time which may adversely affect the ORs efficiency. This study was aimed to compare the ACT of desflurane with that of propofol-remifentanil in strabismus ambulatory surgery.

Methods
From November 2016 to December 2017, a total of 200 strabismus patients (aged 18–60 years old, and scheduled for elective ambulatory surgery at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center) were randomly assigned to receive either propofol-based TIVA (group TIVA) or desflurane anesthesia (group DES) for maintenance of anesthesia. The primary outcome was the extubation time. Secondary outcomes included surgical time, anesthetic time, OR exit time, and Phase I and II recovery time. The intraoperative incidences of hypotension, bradycardia and oculocardiac reflex (OCR), and the incidences of any post-operative complications were recorded. Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used to compare the two groups.

Results
We found that the extubation time (5.5 [3.9–7.0] vs. 9.7 [8.5–11.4] min, P < 0.001) and the incidence of prolonged time to extubation (0 vs. 6%, P = 0.029) in the DES group were significantly decreased compared with those in the TIVA group. The patients in the DES group displayed shorter OR exit time as compared with that in the TIVA group (7.3 [5.5–8.7] vs. 10.8 [9.3–12.3] min, P < 0.001). The patients using desflurane exhibited more stable hemodynamics during surgery than the patients using propofol-based TIVA, as demonstrated by lower incidences of hypotension (1% vs. 22%, P < 0.001), bradycardia (2% vs. 13%, P = 0.002), and OCR (17% vs. 44%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
DES enhanced the ophthalmic OR efficiency by reducing the extubation time and OR exit time, and provided more stable hemodynamics intra-operatively than TIVA in patients undergoing strabismus ambulatory surgery.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT02922660; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02922660?id=NCT02922660&draw=2&rank=1
Simultaneous Cochlear and Auditory Brainstem Implantation in Children With Severe Inner Ear Malformations: Initial Surgical and Audiological Results
Authors: Sennaroğlu Levent , Yarali Mehmet , Sennaroğlu Gonca , Çinar Betül Çiçek , Batuk Merve Özbal , Yücel Esra , Bilginer Burçak , Bajin Münir Demir , Winter Margaret , Wilkinson Eric P. 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
To report the initial surgical and audiological outcomes of three pediatric patients with severe inner ear malformations who were simultaneously implanted with cochlear and brainstem implants in the same surgical session.

Study Design:
Retrospective case review.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Three pediatric patients with severe inner ear malformations between ages of 1.9 to 2.5 years, who were simultaneously implanted with cochlear implant in one ear and auditory brainstem implant in the other ear.

Intervention(s):
Simultaneous application of cochlar implant in one ear, auditory brainstem implant in the other ear.

Main Outcome Measures:
Free field thresholds with cochlear and brainstem implants. Surgical issues are also discussed.

Results:
The study is descriptive in nature. Free field thresholds with each device alone and together showed good progress. One of the patients had slower progress possibly due to comorbid CHARGE syndrome.

Conclusions:
The results showed good progress in terms of audition with both devices. Simultaneous cochlear and brainstem application serves as a remedy for pediatric patients who are candidates for cochlear implant on one side and brainstem implant on the other side. With this simultaneous application precious time for auditory development is not lost.
The influence of educational measures and low-level laser phototherapy on temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Dantas Caroline Maria Gomes , Vivan Carolina Lapaz , de Fantini Solange Mongelli , de Freitas Costa e Silva Patrícia Moreira , Pannuti Claudio Mendes , Witzel Andrea Lusvarghi , Dominguez Gladys Cristina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with low-power laser is used for pain relief in several clinical conditions, including temporomandibular disorders (TMD). As musculoskeletal pain often produces changes in motor behavior, it is common for patients with TMD to present limited mandibular movements. To the date, there is no consensus about the optimal dosimetric parameters of PMBT for TMD. This randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial aims to evaluate pain relief and mandibular mobility in patients with TMD following treatments with 2 laser wavelengths, red (660 nm) and infrared (808 nm) individually and in combination as compared to a placebo treatment. One-hundred participants presenting myalgia and arthralgia, with disk displacement or not, will be selected based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. All participants will be instructed about the etiology, prognosis, and self-care techniques for pain control on TMD, and followed up for 2 weeks. After this period, those who still present pain score over 4 in a visual analog scale (VAS) will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: G1 = placebo (SHAM); G2 = PBMT with red laser (660 nm, 0.034 cm2, 88 J/cm2, 100 mW, 3 J/point); G3 = PBMT with infrared laser (808 nm, 0.034 cm2, 88 J/cm2, 100 mW, 3 J/point); and G4 = PBMT with red and infrared laser alternated between sessions. The treatment consists of 8 sessions, 2 times a week. The effect of the proposed therapies will be measured by: pain reduction in VAS; pressure pain threshold on TMJ, masseter and temporal muscles; and the amplitude of mandibular movements (opening, protrusion, and right and left lateral movements). The data will be collected at the following times: initial (T1), after the 1st treatment session (T2), at the end of treatment (T3), and 30 days after the last PBMT session (T4). For statistical analysis will be used 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance test, complemented by a post hoc Tukey test (P < .05).
Adding radiotherapy to androgen deprivation therapy in men with node-positive prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Guo Lijuan , Zhu Zhaowei , Zhang Xuepei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Several studies have tested the addition of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in node-positive prostate cancer (PCa) after radical prostatectomy (RP). This meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of adding RT to ADT in the treatment of PCa patients with lymph node invasion.

Methods:
We systematically searched PubMed and Embase through June 2018 for human studies comparing RT plus ADT versus ADT in men with node-positive PCa after RP. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end point was cancer-specific survival (CSS). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effects of RT plus ADT on OS and CSS were combined across studies using meta-analysis.

Results:
Five studies were selected for inclusion. Overall, 15,524 patients were enrolled in the 5 studies. This included 6309 (40.6%) patients receiving ADT, 4389 (28.3%) patients receiving adjuvant RT plus ADT, and 4826 (31.1%) patients receiving observation. In lymph node-positive PCa patients, the addition of adjuvant RT was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59–0.92; P = .008). Moreover, the addition of adjuvant RT was also associated with a dramatic CSS improvement (HR: 0.40; 95% CI, 0.27–0.59; P = .000).

Conclusions:
Adding RT to ADT may be a clinically effective treatment option for men with lymph node-positive PCa after RP.
Non-HIV talaromycosis
Authors: Li Xinchun , Hu Wenqing , Wan Qi , Lei Qiang , Sun Chongpeng , Hou Zhongjun , Shrestha Nitesh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
To investigate the characteristics of spiral computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET/CT) and clinical manifestations of talaromycosis to improve the diagnostic level and deepen its recognition in radiology.
Radiological, clinical, and pathological manifestations of 15 patients of non-HIV talaromycosis confirmed by bronchofiberscope lung biopsy and/or abscess puncture fluid culture and/or blood culture and/or sputum culture were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent chest CT, among them, six had a brain MRI, and six had a PET/CT scan before treatment.
On plain CT scan, there were multiple patches and massive consolidation in 6 patients, multiple patchy consolidations and patchy ground-glass opacities in 3 patients, solitary or multiple nodules and masses in 3 patients, multiple cavities and small nodules in 3 patients. Multiple lymphadenectasis appeared in bilateral hila, mediastinum, and neck in 10 patients. In contrast CT scan, the parenchyma of the lesions had a slight enhancement in 10 patients, moderate enhancement in 3 patients, obvious enhancement in 2 patients. Seven cases had bone destruction and hyperplasia, cranial involvement in 1 patient and liver involvement in 3 patients, respectively. On PET/CT, five patients showed elevated standard uptake value (SUV).
The radiological manifestations of non-HIV talaromycosis show multiple consolidations, ground-glass opacities, multiple nodules or masses in bilateral lungs, deep-seated enlarged lymph nodes and bone destruction in multiple systems. The final diagnosis should be based on the culture of talaromycosis.
Peer support for discharge from inpatient to community mental health services
Authors: Gillard Steve , Bremner Stephen , Foster Rhiannon , Gibson Sarah Louise , Goldsmith Lucy , Healey Andrew , Lucock Mike , Marks Jacqueline , Morshead Rosaleen , Patel Akshay , Priebe Stefan , Repper Julie , Rinaldi Miles , Roberts Sarah , Simpson Alan , White Sarah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
In the period shortly after discharge from inpatient to community mental health care, people are at increased risk of self-harm, suicide, and readmission to hospital. Discharge interventions including peer support have shown potential, and there is some evidence that community-based peer support reduces readmissions. However, systematic reviews of peer support in mental health services indicate poor trial quality and a lack of reporting of how peer support is distinctive from other mental health support. This study is designed to establish the clinical and cost effectiveness of a peer worker intervention to support discharge from inpatient to community mental health care, and to address issues of trial quality and clarity of reporting of peer support interventions.

Methods:
This protocol describes an individually randomized controlled superiority trial, hypothesizing that people offered a peer worker discharge intervention in addition to usual follow-up care in the community are less likely to be readmitted in the 12 months post discharge than people receiving usual care alone. A total of 590 people will be recruited shortly before discharge from hospital and randomly allocated to care as usual plus the peer worker intervention or care as usual alone. Manualized peer support provided by trained peer workers begins in hospital and continues for 4 months in the community post discharge. Secondary psychosocial outcomes are assessed at 4 months post discharge, and service use and cost outcomes at 12 months post discharge, alongside a mixed methods process evaluation.

Discussion:
Clearly specified procedures for sequencing participant allocation and for blinding assessors to allocation, plus full reporting of outcomes, should reduce risk of bias in trial findings and contribute to improved quality in the peer support evidence base. The involvement of members of the study team with direct experience of peer support, mental distress, and using mental health services, in coproducing the intervention and designing the trial, ensures that we theorize and clearly describe the peer worker intervention, and evaluate how peer support is related to any change in outcome. This is an important methodological contribution to the evidence base.

Trial registration:
This study was prospectively registered as ISRCTN 10043328 on November 28, 2016.
Meditation treatment of Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chen Yunhui , Zhang Jiayuan , Zhang Tiane , Cao Liu , You Yanyan , Zhang Chunjiang , Liu Xinglong , Zhang Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Growing body of scientific researches in recent years have suggested the promising effect of meditation on improving cognitive impairment of Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This paper aims to provide a protocol for systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of meditation on cognition performance of patient with AD and MCI.

Methods:
The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Chinese Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and VIP information database will be searched systematically and electronically from establishment to March 2020. All published randomized controlled trials related will be included. Assessment of bias risk and data analyses will be implemented by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). The strength of the evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Results:
A high-quality synthesis of current evidence of meditation for patient with AD and mild cognitive impairment will be provided in this study.

Conclusion:
This protocol of systematic review will be helpful for providing evidence of whether meditation is an effective and safe intervention for cognitive impairment of patient with AD and MCI.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is unnecessary since this protocol is only for systematic review and does not involve privacy data or conduct an animal experiment. This protocol will be disseminated by a peer-review journal or conference presentation.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019145932.
The efficacy and safety of acupuncture for perimenopause symptom compared with different sham acupuncture control groups
Authors: He Qiujun , Ren Yajing , Wang Yanqiu , Zhang Feng , Zhang Sanyin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Perimenopause is a period that every woman must go through, most people are more or less affected by perimenopausal symptoms, it to affect women's health, work, life, and economy. As acupuncture treatment is more and more increasing in perimenopausal symptoms, there have also been many clinical trials about it. But the results of the trials are inconsistent. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of perimenopausal symptoms treated with acupuncture.

Methods:
The protocol followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. RCT study on different acupuncture interventions for perimenopausal symptoms will be searched in 8 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the web of science, CBM, CNKI, WAN FANG, and VIP). Besides, the search will also be performed on the clinical trial research platform if necessary. The primary outcome that will be extracted: the Flushes per 24 hours, the Frequency of hot flashes, the severity of hot flashes, the menopause-related symptom score, the treatment efficacy, the adverse event. Endnote software X8 will be used for study selection, STATA 13.0 and Review Manager software 5.3 will be used for analysis and synthesis. These studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment will be conducted by 2 independent reviewers.

Results:
This study will provide the results: 1. the primary and secondary outcome indicators of different acupuncture intervention measures (traditional hand acupuncture, moxibustion, ear acupuncture, laser, acupressure points) for perimenopausal symptoms. 2. The effects of different control groups (medicine control, routine care, waiting, and sham acupuncture control) on the analysis results will be reported, especially the effects of different sham acupuncture control (invasive/noninvasive) on the analysis results.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis study hopes to provide useful evidence for better use of different types of acupuncture in treat perimenopausal symptoms and better design of control groups in related clinical trials. In addition, the research conclusion will be published in peer journals.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VZCKU Ethics and dissemination This conclusion of the study will be published in peer journals. The ethical approval is not required because there is no direct involvement of human.