bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Methods for Assessing Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) Party Size: Observations, Camera Traps, and Bed Counts from a Savanna–Woodland Mosaic in the Issa Valley, Tanzania
Authors: Vink Daphne N. , Stewart Fiona A. , Piel Alex K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStudying animal grouping behavior is important for understanding the causes and consequences of sociality and has implications for conservation. Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) party size is often assessed by counting individuals or extracted indirectly from camera trap footage or the number of nests. Little is known, however, about consistency across methods for estimating party size. We collected party size data for wild chimpanzees in the Issa valley, western Tanzania, using direct observations, camera traps, and nest counts over six years (2012–2018). We compared mean monthly party size estimates calculated using each method and found that estimates derived from direct observations were weakly positively correlated with those derived from camera traps. Estimates from nest counts were not significantly correlated with either direct observations or camera traps. Overall observed party size was significantly larger than that estimated from both camera traps and nest counts. In both the dry and wet seasons, observed party size was significantly larger than camera trap party size, but not significantly larger than nest party size. Finally, overall party size and wet season party size estimated from camera traps were significantly smaller than nest party size, but this was not the case in the dry season. Our results reveal how data collection methods influence party size estimates in unhabituated chimpanzees and have implications for comparative analysis within and across primate communities. Specifically, future work must consider how estimates were calculated before we can reliably investigate environmental influences on primate behavior.
Genetic characterization and deployment of a major gene for grain yield on chromosome arm 1BS in winter wheat
Authors: Kan Chia-Cheng , Jia Haiyan , Powers Carol , Carver Brett F. , Yan Liuling 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWinter bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6 × =42, AABBDD) cultivars “Duster” and “Billings” have occupied significant acreages in the Southern Great Plains for their outstanding yielding ability. In this study, we discovered a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) QYld.osu-1BS for grain yield in a population of 260 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from the cross of Duster and Billings. When the population was tested under field conditions for 2 years, QYld.osu-1BS explained 13.9% and 23.5% of the total phenotypic variation. However, no crossover was observed among 40 genotyping-by-sequencing markers covering the region from the telomere to 25.3 Mb in the population of 260 DH lines. Furthermore, no crossover was observed in the region from the telomere to 18.4 Mb, when up to 4146 individual plants within F2:4 lines derived from the cross of Duster and Billings were screened. The 1BL-1RS translocation was not observed in the region with the abnormal recombination rate in Duster or Billings. Duster is a unique haplotype in the whole exome capture dataset, compared with 57 cultivars and breeding lines with various genetic backgrounds. Unique sequences of the QYld.osu-1BS allele for the higher grain yield in Duster were identified, and kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers for the unique sequences were developed for breeding of novel cultivars with increased grain yield in winter wheat.
Monitoring CD8a+ T Cell Responses to Radiotherapy and CTLA-4 Blockade Using [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a PET Imaging
Authors: Kristensen Lotte K. , Christensen Camilla , Alfsen Maria Z. , Cold Sigrid , Nielsen Carsten H. , Kjaer Andreas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Current response assessment systems for cancer patients receiving immunotherapy are limited. This is due to the associated inflammatory response that may confound the conventional morphological response evaluation criteria in solid tumors and metabolic positron emission tomography (PET) response criteria in solid. Recently, novel PET imaging techniques using radiolabeled antibodies and fragments have emerged as a particularly sensitive and specific modality for quantitative tracking of immune cell dynamics. Therefore, we sought to investigate the utility of Cu-64 labeled F(ab)′2 fragments for in vivo detection of CD8a+ T cells as a prognostic imaging biomarker of response to immunotherapy in an immunocompetent mouse model of colorectal cancer.

Procedures
[64Cu]NOTA-CD8a was produced by enzymatic digestion of rat-anti-mouse CD8a antibody (clone YTS169.4), purified yielding isolated CD8a-F(ab)′2 fragments and randomly conjugated with the 2-S-(isothiocyanatbenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-NOTA) chelator. NOTA-CD8a was radiolabeled with Cu-64 and injected into CT26 tumor-bearing mice for longitudinal assessment. To investigate the value of [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a PET imaging for assessment of treatment response, CT26 tumor-bearing mice were subjected to external radiation therapy (XRT) in combination with anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Imaging data was supported by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results
Combination treatment with XRT and anti-CTLA-4 effectively inhibited tumor growth until day 22 post-therapy initiation (p = 0.0025) and increased the overall survival of mice compared to control (p = 0.0017). The [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a tumor-to-heart ratio was increased in XRT + anti-CTLA-4-treated mice on day 8 after initiation of therapy (p = 0.0246). Flow cytometry and IHC confirmed the increase in tumor-infiltrating CD8a+ cells in XRT + anti-CTLA-4-treated mice. Furthermore, [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a PET imaging distinguished responders and non-responders prior to treatment-induced changes in tumor volume among mice.

Conclusion
In the present study, we demonstrated that [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a was able to detect treatment-induced changes in CD8a+ infiltration in murine CT26 colon tumors following a common preclinical combination treatment protocol. Overall, [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a exhibited good prognostic and predictive value. We suggest that [64Cu]NOTA-CD8a PET imaging can be used as an early biomarker of response to therapy in preclinical models.
A new model for predicting irreducible water saturation in tight gas reservoirs
Authors: Su Yu-Liang , Fu Jin-Gang , Li Lei , Wang Wen-Dong , Zafar Atif , Zhang Mian , Ouyang Wei-Ping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe irreducible water saturation (Swir) is a significant parameter for relative permeability prediction and initial hydrocarbon reserves estimation. However, the complex pore structures of the tight rocks and multiple factors of the formation conditions make the parameter difficult to be accurately predicted by the conventional methods in tight gas reservoirs. In this study, a new model was derived to calculate Swir based on the capillary model and the fractal theory. The model incorporated different types of immobile water and considered the stress effect. The dead or stationary water (DSW) was considered in this model, which described the phenomena of water trapped in the dead-end pores due to detour flow and complex pore structures. The water film, stress effect and formation temperature were also considered in the proposed model. The results calculated by the proposed model are in a good agreement with the experimental data. This proves that for tight sandstone gas reservoirs the Swir calculated from the new model is more accurate. The irreducible water saturation calculated from the new model reveals that Swir is controlled by the critical capillary radius, DSW coefficient, effective stress and formation temperature.
Perception of Potential Health Risk of Climate Change and Utilization of Fans and Air Conditioners in a Representative Population of Hong Kong
Authors: Gao Yang , Chan Emily Y. Y. , Lam Holly C. Y. , Wang Aiwei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClimate change, especially as reflected in heat waves, is a rising threat worldwide. Appropriate use of cooling devices can protect people from health impacts during a heat wave. A population-based telephone survey was conducted in a representative sample of residents in Hong Kong to investigate ownership and use of domestic cooling devices, identify correlates, and examine their associations with risk perception of potential health impact of climate change. More than 90% of the 1002 respondents owned and used cooling devices at home. The majority (57.7%) perceived the potential health risk of climate change at a high level. However, risk perception had no relationship with ownership and utilization of cooling devices. Old people (≥ 65 years), the low-educated, those with low income, and those with chronic diseases were more likely not to use air conditioners when feeling hot. Our findings suggest that there are no signs showing people have taken more protective actions although half of respondents recognized climate change as a threat. Familial economic condition may be a major determinant in ownership and use of air conditioners at home. Old people and those with chronic diseases are at high risk of adverse exposure to climate change and therefore should be equipped with appropriate measures to use cooling devices.
Friction transitions and connections to third bodies for a Cd coating on steel substrate
Authors: Behera Priyadarshi , Lee Lisa , Rajagopalan Sriraman K. , Chromik Richard R. , Yue Stephen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCd coating is used in aerospace industries from last five decades due to its sacrificial protection and lubrication properties. Although Cd coating is primarily used due to its sacrificial corrosion protection when applied on steel substrate, the added benefit of modifying the tribological behavior by acting as a lubricious layer gives it a leading-edge than other coatings. Often the measurement of friction coefficient (CoF) is reported as a value generated after full sliding cycle. This measurement of average CoF generally limits the study of local variation in CoF occurring within one sliding cycle, which can be significantly different with change in spatial position due to change in third body morphology. In this study, a linearly reciprocating sliding test is used to measure the CoF at a sampling rate of 800 Hz along the track length to generate triboscopic image with steel countersphere. The instantaneous CoF obtained with triboscopy is correlated with the wear track morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical profilometer for variation in contact conditions. Tribological test performed in dry atmosphere shows an average CoF of 0.4 till the end of the test whereas with increase in relative humidity to 60%, the average CoF changes from 0.4 to 0.8 at the end of the test due to change in contact conditions. Soft Cd coating on low carbon steel substrate is used to study these variations in third body morphology.
NiSe2/Ni(OH)2 Heterojunction Composite through Epitaxial-like Strategy as High-Rate Battery-Type Electrode Material
Authors: Mei Hao , Huang Zhaodi , Xu Ben , Xiao Zhenyu , Mei Yingjie , Zhang Haobing , Zhang Shiyu , Li Dacheng , Kang Wenpei , Sun Dao Feng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractConstructing heterojunction is a promising way to improve the charge transfer efficiency and can thus promote the electrochemical properties. Herein, a facile and effective epitaxial-like growth strategy is applied to NiSe2 nano-octahedra to fabricate the NiSe2-(100)/Ni(OH)2-(110) heterojunction. The heterojunction composite and Ni(OH)2 (performing high electrochemical activity) is ideal high-rate battery-type supercapacitor electrode. The NiSe2/Ni(OH)2 electrode exhibits a high specific capacity of 909 C g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 597 C g−1 at 20 A g−1. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor composed of the NiSe2/Ni(OH)2 cathode and p-phenylenediamine-functional reduced graphene oxide anode achieves an ultrahigh specific capacity of 303 C g−1 at 1 A g−1 and a superior energy density of 76.1 Wh kg−1 at 906 W kg−1, as well as an outstanding cycling stability of 82% retention for 8000 cycles at 10 A g−1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of NiSe2/Ni(OH)2 heterojunction exhibiting such remarkable supercapacitor performance. This work not only provides a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage device but also offers a possible universal strategy to fabricate metal selenides/metal hydroxides heterojunctions.
Making communities show respect for order
Authors: Vasiliauskaite Vaiva , Evans Tim S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work we give a community detection algorithm in which the communities both respects the intrinsic order of a directed acyclic graph and also finds similar nodes. We take inspiration from classic similarity measures of bibliometrics, used to assess how similar two publications are, based on their relative citation patterns. We study the algorithm’s performance and antichain properties in artificial models and in real networks, such as citation graphs and food webs. We show how well this partitioning algorithm distinguishes and groups together nodes of the same origin (in a citation network, the origin is a topic or a research field). We make the comparison between our partitioning algorithm and standard hierarchical layering tools as well as community detection methods. We show that our algorithm produces different communities from standard layering algorithms.
Diversity of culturable heterotrophic bacteria from the Mariana Trench and their ability to degrade macromolecules
Authors: Zhao Xiuxiu , Liu Jiwen , Zhou Shun , Zheng Yanfen , Wu Yanhong , Kogure Kazuhiro , Zhang Xiao-Hua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Mariana Trench is the deepest location on earth and harbors unique microbial communities as evidenced by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing. Obtaining culturable microorganisms from the Mariana Trench will contribute to a further understanding of hadal biogeochemical processes and act as a unique microbial reservoir with potential applications. Here, 825 bacterial strains, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were isolated from 12 water depths (0–10,400 m) of the Mariana Trench with 2216E and R2A media at 4 °C or 28 °C on four cruises during 2015–2017. These bacteria belong to four phyla, nine classes, 27 orders, 45 families and 108 genera. Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria_c, Bacilli and Flavobacteriia were the most abundant classes, accounting for 37.9%, 33.0%, 11.8%, 8.6% and 8.0% of the total bacterial isolates, respectively. 2216E and R2A media were found to have a better selectivity to Bacilli and Flavobacteriia, respectively. Fifty strains were potential novel bacterial species with a 16S rRNA gene similarity < 98.65%, and a higher percentage of novel strains were obtained from R2A than 2216E medium. Additionally, 301 (150 species) out of 354 strains (178 species) selected from each depth could degrade at least one of the ten kinds of macromolecules tested. These results indicate that there is a high diversity of culturable bacteria in the Mariana Trench and they can produce a variety of extracellular enzymes. Our study provides a valuable resource of microorganisms for investigating their biogeochemical roles in the Mariana Trench and for industrial applications.
Accumulation rates (2009–2017) in Southeast Greenland derived from airborne snow radar and comparison with regional climate models
Authors: Montgomery Lynn , Koenig Lora , Lenaerts Jan T. M. , Kuipers Munneke Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince the year 2000, Greenland ice sheet mass loss has been dominated by a decrease in surface mass balance rather than an increase in solid ice discharge. Southeast Greenland is an important region to understand how high accumulation rates can offset increasing Greenland ice sheet meltwater runoff. To that end, we derive a new 9-year long dataset (2009–17) of accumulation rates in Southeast Greenland using NASA Operation IceBridge snow radar. Our accumulation dataset derived from internal layers focuses on high elevations (1500–3000 m) because at lower elevations meltwater percolation obscured internal layer structure. The uncertainty of the radar-derived accumulation rates is 11% [using Firn Densification Model (FDM) density profiles] and the average accumulation rate ranges from 0.5 to 1.2 m w.e. With our observations spanning almost a decade, we find large inter-annual variability, but no significant trend. Accumulation rates are compared with output from two regional climate models (RCMs), MAR and RACMO2. This comparison shows that the models are underestimating accumulation in Southeast Greenland and the models misrepresent spatial heterogeneity due to an orographically forced bias in snowfall near the coast. Our dataset is useful to fill in temporal and spatial data gaps, and to evaluate RCMs where few in situ measurements are available.
A state-of-the-art review of the socio-ecological correlates of volunteerism among older adults
Authors: Lu Peiyi , Xu Cai , Shelley Mack 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe health and social benefits of volunteering behaviours by older adults are well acknowledged. However, few review articles have been concerned with the correlates/dimensions of older adults’ volunteerism. Some focused only on the North American context or reviewed studies only up to 2008. This study reviewed the recent global literature in the past decade about the correlates of older adults’ volunteerism. We carried out a literature search in PsycINFO, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts and Google Scholar to identify empirical journal publications about the correlates of older adults’ (age 60+) volunteerism from 2008 to 2019. Among 112 initially eligible papers, 41 were selected. Findings were synthesised using the framework of the Socioecological Model. Existing studies mainly have used quantitative methodologies and were conducted within the context of a single Western country. Motivations included higher education, morale and mentality, previous experiences, social network, community cohesion and organisational management. Major barriers were health and financial constraints. Few studies focused on macro-level correlates. Irrelevant and confounding correlates were also discussed. We suggest practitioners recruit and retain older volunteers by identifying their needs and optimising management within the organisation. Policy makers should create a supportive environment and increase resource accessibility. Future research could conduct cross-cultural comparisons, use diverse methodologies and embrace more correlates, especially at the macro-level.
Monotone Lagrangians in of minimal Maslov number n + 1
Authors: KONSTANTINOV MOMCHIL , SMITH JACK 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe show that a monotone Lagrangian L in ${\mathbb{C}}{\mathbb{P}}^n$ of minimal Maslov number n + 1 is homeomorphic to a double quotient of a sphere, and thus homotopy equivalent to ${\mathbb{R}}{\mathbb{P}}^n$. To prove this we use Zapolsky’s canonical pearl complex for L over ${\mathbb{Z}}$, and twisted versions thereof, where the twisting is determined by connected covers of L. The main tool is the action of the quantum cohomology of ${\mathbb{C}}{\mathbb{P}}^n$ on the resulting Floer homologies.
Associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition among children
Authors: Naveed Sehrish , Venäläinen Taisa , Eloranta Aino-Maija , Erkkilä Arja T , Jalkanen Henna , Lindi Virpi , Lakka Timo A , Haapala Eero A 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjective:To investigate the cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition in mid-childhood.Design:Dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes were assessed using 4-d food records, and cognition was evaluated using the Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) score. The cross-sectional associations of dietary carbohydrate and fatty acid intakes with cognition were investigated using linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body fat percentage, household income, parental education and daily energy intake.Setting:The baseline examinations of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study.Participants:A population-based sample of 487 children (250 boys, 237 girls) aged 6–8 years living in the city of Kuopio, Finland.Results:A higher dietary intake of fructose (standardised regression coefficient,β= 0·24,P< 0·001), total fibre (β= 0·16,P= 0·02) and soluble fibre (β= 0·15,P= 0·02) was associated with a higher RCPM score in boys. Other dietary carbohydrates and fatty acids, including total carbohydrates, glucose, sucrose, starch, insoluble fibre, total fat, SFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs, palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid (C18), linoleic acid (C18:2), α-linoleic acid (C18:3), arachidonic acid (C20:4), EPA (C20:5n-3) and DHA (C22:6n-6), were not associated with the RCPM score in boys. Dietary carbohydrates or fatty acids were not associated with the RCPM score in girls.Conclusions:Higher dietary fructose and fibre intakes were associated with better cognition in boys, but not in girls. Dietary fatty acids were not related to cognition in boys or in girls.
The efficacy of litter management strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality in broiler chickens: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Sargeant Jan M. , Bergevin Michele D. , Churchill Katheryn , Dawkins Kaitlyn , Deb Bhumika , Dunn Jennifer , Hu Dapeng , Logue Catherine M. , Meadows Shannon , Moody Carly , Novy Anastasia , O'Connor Annette M. , Reist Mark , Sato Yuko , Wang Chong , Winder Charlotte B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) were conducted to address the question, ‘What is the efficacy of litter management strategies to reduce morbidity, mortality, condemnation at slaughter, or total antibiotic use in broilers?’ Eligible studies were clinical trials published in English evaluating the efficacy of litter management in broilers on morbidity, condemnations at slaughter, mortality, or total antibiotic use. Multiple databases and two conference proceedings were searched for relevant literature. After relevance screening and data extraction, there were 50 trials evaluating litter type, 22 trials evaluating litter additives, 10 trials comparing fresh to re-used litter, and six trials evaluating floor type. NMAs were conducted for mortality (61 trials) and for the presence or absence of footpad lesions (15 trials). There were no differences in mortality among the litter types, floor types, or additives. For footpad lesions, peat moss appeared beneficial compared to straw, based on a small number of comparisons. In a pairwise meta-analysis, there was no association between fresh versus used litter on the risk of mortality, although there was considerable heterogeneity among studies (I2= 66%). There was poor reporting of key design features in many studies, and analyses rarely accounted for non-independence of observations within flocks.
How to read and interpret the results of a Bayesian network meta-analysis: a short tutorial
Authors: Hu D. , O'Connor A. M. , Winder C. B. , Sargeant J. M. , Wang C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this manuscript we use realistic data to conduct a network meta-analysis using a Bayesian approach to analysis. The purpose of this manuscript is to explain, in lay terms, how to interpret the output of such an analysis. Many readers are familiar with the forest plot as an approach to presenting the results of a pairwise meta-analysis. However when presented with the results of network meta-analysis, which often does not include the forest plot, the output and results can be difficult to understand. Further, one of the advantages of Bayesian network meta-analyses is in the novel outputs such as treatment rankings and the probability distributions are more commonly presented for network meta-analysis. Our goal here is to provide a tutorial for how to read the outcome of network meta-analysis rather than how to conduct or assess the risk of bias in a network meta-analysis.