bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OWA operators with different Orness levels for sediment management alternative selection problem
Authors: Khakzad Hamid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The importance of reservoir sedimentation management as a multi criteria problem in practice with multiple decision makers is evident when one considers that the cost of replacing storage lost annually due to sediment deposition throughout the world is in the order of US$13 billion. If sedimentation can be managed successfully, as it has been in some reservoirs, the loss in reservoir storage space due to this phenomenon can be lowered significantly. The purpose of this research is to develop the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) algorithm and apply it and to select the most preferred alternative with different Orness levels for sediment management in dam reservoirs to satisfy the technical and executive requirements, economic factors, social welfare, and environmental impacts. In this way, we present analytic forms of OWA operator weighting functions, each of which has properties of rank-based weights and a constant level of Orness, irrespective of the number of objectives considered. The model are successfully applied to the Dez hydropower reservoir, which has faced serious sedimentation problems. Results of this study provide a general class of parameterized aggregation operators that include the min, max, and average and have shown themselves to be useful for modeling many different kinds of aggregation problems.
A evasão nos cursos de graduação em uma instituição de ensino superior privada
Authors: Fritsch Rosangela , Rocha Cleonice Silveira da , Vitelli Ricardo Ferreira 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo trata da evasão na educação superior tendo como objetivo identificar e avaliar variáveis que estariam interferindo na evasão para agir de forma proativa e preventiva junto a esse público. A pesquisa desenvolvida é de abordagem quantitativa, com uma análise multivariada e regressão logística. Como resultado, pôde-se identificar variáveis que impactam na evasão, delinear um perfil de aluno com propensão à evasão e construir um modelo estatístico que pudesse predizer, com a máxima exatidão possível, a probabilidade de um aluno se evadir. As variáveis mais significativas estão relacionadas a fatores sociais, econômicos, de desempenho acadêmico e de escolha profissional.
γ-Hydroxybutenolide Containing Marine Natural Products and Their Synthesis: A Review
Authors: Tilvi Supriya , Khan Safia , Majik Mahesh S. 
Published: October 2019

:γ-Hydroxybutenolides (γ-HB) is an important structural core found in many bioactive marine natural products (MNPS). The γ-HB core containing NPS served as an inspiration to medicinal chemists to undertake designing of the new synthetic strategies to construct γ-HB core. Subsequently, it further results in the development of novel physiological and therapeutic agents. The most notable example includes manoalides, cacospongionolides, petrosaspongioide M and dysidiolide from marine sponges possessing anti-inflammatory properties. γ-HB containing MNPS were known to possess various pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial (acantholide B), cytotoxic (acantholide A-E, spongianolide A), inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A2 (cladocorans A and B), BACE inhibitors (ianthellidone G), etc. Moreover, the γ-HB moiety was explored as antifouling agents as well. Owing to their numerous biological activities and attractive molecular structures, there are lots of advances in the synthetic methodology of these compounds. This review gives the account on isolation and biological studies of MNPS with γ-HB skeleton as a core unit. Furthermore, the synthesis of selective γ-HB containing bioactive MNPS like manoalide, secomanoalide, cacospongionolides, luffarielloide and dysidiolide were highlighted in the article.
Glyoxal Induced Transition of Transferrin to Aggregates: Spectroscopic, Microscopic and Molecular Docking Insight
Authors: Shamsi Anas , Abdullah Khan M. , Usmani Hina , Shahab Areeba , Hasan Hamza , Naseem Imrana 
Published: October 2019

Background & Objective:The present study was aimed at characterizing the conformational alterations induced in human transferrin, the iron regulatory protein by glyoxal. Since protein aggregation is at the core of many disorders, thus interest in this domain has increased significantly during the past years.Methods:In our present study, the effect of glyoxal was monitored on human transferrin using multispectroscopic and multi-microscopic studies.Results:Intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy suggested changes in native conformation of human transferrin evident by decreased fluorescence and blue shift in the presence of glyoxal. Further, extrinsic fluorescence was retorted and the results showed the formation of aggregates; apparent by increased Congo red (CR) absorbance, Thioflavin T (ThT) and ANS fluorescence and TEM of human transferrin in the presence of glyoxal. Molecular docking was also employed to see which residues are at core of human transferrin and glyoxal interaction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assays revealed enhanced ROS levels by human transferrin after treatment with glyoxal.Conclusion:Thus, our study proposes that glyoxal induces the formation of aggregates in human transferrin. These aggregates further generate ROS which are key players in the complications associated with diabetes mellitus, giving our study clinical perspective.
Radial Glia-endothelial Cells’ Bidirectional Interactions Control Vascular Maturation and Astrocyte Differentiation: Impact for Blood-brain Barrier Formation
Authors: da Silva Siqueira M. , Campos Gisbert D. , Gomes Flávia C.A. , Stipursky Joice 
Published: October 2019

Background: :In the developing cerebral cortex, Radial Glia (RG) multipotent neural stem cell, among other functions, differentiate into astrocytes and serve as a scaffold for blood vessel development. After some time, blood vessel Endothelial Cells (ECs) become associated with astrocytes to form the neurovascular Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) unit.Objective: :Since little is known about the mechanisms underlying bidirectional RG-ECs interactions in both vascular development and astrocyte differentiation, this study investigated the impact of interactions between RG and ECs mediated by secreted factors on EC maturation and gliogenesis control.Method::First, we demonstrated that immature vasculature in the murine embryonic cerebral cortex physically interacts with Nestin positive RG neural stem cells in vivo. Isolated Microcapillary Brain Endothelial Cells (MBEC) treated with the conditioned medium from RG cultures (RG-CM) displayed decreased proliferation, reduction in the protein levels of the endothelial tip cell marker Delta-like 4 (Dll4), and decreased expression levels of the vascular permeability associated gene, plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1 (PLVAP1). These events were also accompanied by increased levels of the tight junction protein expression, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1).Result::Finally, we demonstrated that isolated RG cells cultures treated with MBEC conditioned medium promoted the differentiation of astrocytes in a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) dependent manner.Conclusion::These results suggest that the bidirectional interaction between RG and ECs is essential to induce vascular maturation and astrocyte generation, which may be an essential cell-cell communication mechanism to promote BBB establishment.
Perceptions of Stages of Family Violence and their Perceived Solutions in Persons with Schizophrenia
Authors: Kageyama Masako , Yokoyama Keiko , Horiai Yuichiro 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Family violence committed by persons with schizophrenia is a serious problem in the context of the accelerated deinstitutionalization in Japan. Community nurses could play an important role in resolving family violence by persons with schizophrenia.

Objective:
This study aimed to clarify the reasons for family violence as perceived by adult children with schizophrenia and ways to resolve this problem.

Methods:
A qualitative descriptive design was employed. Group interviews with 10 participants—five individuals with schizophrenia and five parents of adult children with schizophrenia-were conducted. Transcriptions were segmented according to the following three research questions: “How do parents recognize and cope with violence committed by persons with schizophrenia?,” “How do persons with schizophrenia perceive committing violence toward their parents and how do they change themselves after doing so?” and “How do persons with schizophrenia perceive ways to resolve the issue of violence toward parents?” The data were categorized and subcategorized based on the similarity of codes and organized in chronological order. Categories concerning reasons for violence and the subsequent changes in persons with schizophrenia made up the stages of their experiences.

Results:
Parents could not understand the reasons for violence committed by persons with schizophrenia. Experiences of committing violence and changes after violence as perceived by persons with schizophrenia involved the following five stages: complicated causes of occurrence, environment conducive to violence, onset of violence, gaining power, and regret and growth. Persons with schizophrenia wanted to be observed from a distance and were desirous of establishing relationships beyond the home.

Conclusion:
It is necessary for nurses to bridge the gap between patients and their parents by serving as a communication channel between them. In this way, there is hope to promote recovery even if the patient with schizophrenia commits violent acts toward the parent.
Ileal Melanoma, A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction: Report of a Case, and Short Literature Review
Authors: Sinagra Emanuele , Sciumè Carmelo 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Malignant melanoma frequently spreads to the gastrointestinal tract, with 60%
of patients with advanced metastatic disease showing digestive involvement; however, primary MM of
the small intestine is a controversial diagnosis. In fact, whether these lesions arise as true small bowel
primary neoplasms or represent metastases from unidentified cutaneous melanomas remains debatable.
The most common complications are intestinal obstruction, massive gastrointestinal bleeding, and perforation.

Objective & Methods:
We report a case of a 64-year-old patient, with an unremarkable medical history,
in which a late diagnosis of primary ileal malignant melanoma in the setting of an emergency
laparotomy due to small bowel obstruction, and where PET-scan showed costal metastasis. Therefore,
we provide a narrative review of the scientific literature about this topic.

Results:
36 cases of primary small bowel melanoma, included that in the present study, were found
through our search in the scientific literature.

Conclusion:
Primary small bowel MM appears to be an extremely rare entity which clinicians should
be more aware of, in order to plan better a correct strategy of early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
The Effect of Pharmacological Thromboprophylaxis, Tourniquet and Drainage on Hemorrhagic Complications in the Early Stage after Knee Arthroplasty: Preliminary Results
Authors: Kasimova A. R. , Bozhkova S. A. , Tikhilov R. M. , Saraev A. V. , Petukhov A. I. , Zhuravkov A. A. , Arefyeva A. N. 
Published: October 2019

Background — venous thromboembolic complications (VTC) are potential life-threatening complications following knee arthroplasty (KA). An optimal thromboprophylaxis strategy should reduce the risk of developing VTC without increasing the risk of hemorrhagic complications. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of the drugs (acetylsalicylic acid, dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban) for the pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and the features of the surgical procedure (use of the tourniquet and drainage) on hemorrhagic complications in early periods after knee arthroplasty. Materials and Methods. 335 patients (65 men and 270 women), without additional risk factors for the development of thromboembolic complications, were included into the study. Those patients were admitted for planned primary / revision knee arthroplasty and corresponded to inclusion / non-inclusion criteria. Patients were randomized into three clinical groups, depending on the drug used thromboprophylaxis. During the inpatient treatment period, all patients recorded the development of symptomatic VTCs and the development of hemorrhagic complications. According to the clinical indications, the number of knee joint punctures was taken into account: patella balloting, restricted flexion and a smooth joint contour. Results. Symptomatic VTCs were not observed during the study period. The volume of intraoperative blood loss did not depend on the drugs used for thromboprophylaxis, and was determined only by the surgical technique (ρs= -0.615, p = 0.0001). The use of the tourniquet during the procedure significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.023). No relation between surgical technique and anemia on the 5th day (ρs = 0.11, p = 0.05), as well as between surgical technique and total blood loss (ρs = 0.12, p = 0.01) was established; weak reliable correlation between the use of the tourniquet and hidden blood loss (ρs = -0.22, p = 0.01) was reported. A negative average significant correlation was observed (ρs = -0.42, p = 0.01) for the volume of total blood loss and hemoglobin level on the 5th day after the surgery. The number of postoperative punctures was comparable in the study groups. Conclusion. Sample of present size is not sufficient to make conclusions about the equal efficacy of using acetylsalicylic acid, dabigatran and rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis after knee arthroplasty in patients without additional risk factors for thrombosis. Data on the significant correlation of the surgical technique with the volume of intraoperative and latent blood loss, as well as total blood loss and hemoglobin level on the 5th day after the operation allow to suggest a possible effect of the drug for thromboprophylaxis on blood loss stargin from 2nd day after the procedure.
The Challenges of Including Patients With Aphasia in Qualitative Research for Health Service Redesign: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Prior Sarah , Miller Andrea , Campbell Steven , Linegar Karen , Peterson Gregory 
Published: October 2019

Background
Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write. Aphasia is a frequent complication of stroke and is a major disability for patients and their families. The provision of services for stroke patients differs across health care providers and regions, and strategies directed at improving these services have benefited from the involvement of patients. However, patients with aphasia are often excluded from these co-design activities due to a diminished capacity to communicate verbally and a lack of health researcher experience in working with patients with aphasia.

Objective
The primary aim of this paper is to identify approaches appropriate for working with patients with aphasia in an interview situation and, more generally, determine the importance of including people with aphasia in health service improvement research. The secondary aim is to describe the experiences of researchers involved in interviewing patients with aphasia.

Methods
A total of 5 poststroke patients with aphasia participated in face-to-face interviews in their homes to gain insight into their in-hospital experience following their stroke. Interviews were audio-recorded, and thematic analysis was performed. The experiences of the researchers interviewing these patients were informally recorded postinterview, and themes were derived from these reflections.

Results
The interview technique utilized in this study was unsuitable to gain rich, qualitative data from patients with aphasia. The experience of researchers performing these interviews suggests that preparation, emotion, and understanding were three of the main factors influencing their ability to gather useful experiential information from patients with aphasia. Patients with aphasia are valuable contributors to qualitative health services research, and researchers need to be flexible and adaptable in their methods of engagement.

Conclusions
Including patients with aphasia in health service redesign research requires the use of nontraditional interview techniques. Researchers intending to engage patients with aphasia must devise appropriate strategies and methods to maximize the contributions and valuable communications of these participants.
PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI GULA KELAPA DI KABUPATEN CILACAP: KAJIAN STRATEGI MARKETING HASIL PERTANIAN
Authors: Pudyastuti Nariswari Novi , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Suryantini Any 
Published: October 2019

Coconut sugar industry as a part of agroindustry has given significances in regional agriculture development, however it has not yet met the businessman needs because of the lack significant industrial development and marketing efficiency. Therefore, this study aims at identifying both the external and internal factors influencing the marketing development and formulating the alternative marketing strategies for coconut sugar products especially in Jeruklegi and Kawunganten Dirstrict of Cilacap Regency. This area is chosen based on certain considerations and this study involves 47 respondents. The methods used in this study are instrument test analysis, descriptive analysis to identify the internal and external factors, and SWOT analysis to formulate the alternative strategies for coconut sugar industry development. The result showes that generally there is still lack of quality of human resources, based on validity and reliability tests there are eight internal and ten externals factors influencing the coconut sugar marketing in Cilacap Regency. The industrial position is in cell IV which means in a stable phase, meanwhile, the main alternative strategy that can be applied in coconut sugar marketing development in Cilacap Regency is quadrant 1 namely the SO (Strengths Opportunities) strategy, it includes optimizing the production capacity, expanding the sale area, and increasing the promotional activities. Other supporting alternative strategies that consist of ST strategies (Strength Threats), WO (Weaknesses Opportunities), and WT (Threats Weaknesses) are increasing the use of production equipment technology, increasing marketing efficiency, increasing the market price knowledge, maintaining product quality, choosing managers to form beneficiary group, cooperating among villages, improving the production cleanliness, looking for funds from cooperatives in other areas for business capital, and establishing the information service center.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HALOPHILA OVALIS AND HALOPHILA BECCARII (HYDROCHARITACEAE): TWO IMPORTANT SEAGRASS SPECIES OF CHILIKA LAGOON, INDIA
Authors: KUMAR KAR SUBRAT , SAHOO SUPRAVA , KAR BASUDEBA , KUMAR NAIK SOUMENDRA , PANDA PRATAP CHANDRA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content and the antioxidant property of two important seagrass species namely, Halophila ovalis and Halophila beccarii occurring in Chilika lagoon, Odisha, India.
Methods: Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of the extracts of Halophila species was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method with little modifications and the total flavonoid content (TFC) was measured by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was investigated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. IC50 values were calculated for the DPPH and ABTS methods.
Result: The study revealed that the methanol extract of H. ovalis has greater antioxidant activity than H. beccarii. Methanol extract of both the species (H. ovalis and H. beccarii) was found to possess high phenolic content at value of 70.25 mg GAE/g of extract and 48.53 mg GAE/g of extract respectively. Similarly flavonoid contents was found highest in methanol extract for both H. ovalis (76.82 mg quercetin equivalent/ g of extract) and H. beccarii (64.28 mg quercetin equivalent/ g of extract). The antioxidant activity of different extracts of these two species were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical assay. The methanol extract of both H. ovalis and H. beccarii showed high radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 37.77 μg/ml and 52.25 μg/ml for DPPH and 25.62 μg/ml and 45.45 μg/ml for ABTS respectively.
Conclusion: The study revealed the potential of the Halophila species as natural sources of antioxidants having considerable commercial importance.
IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF RODENT TUBER MUTANT PLANT (TYPHONIUM FLAGELLIFORME LODD.) AGAINST TO MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELL LINE
Authors: SIANIPAR NESTI FRONIKA , ASSIDQI KHOIRUNNISA , PURNAMANINGSIH RAGAPADMI , HERLINA TATI 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the new bioactive compounds through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis and the cytotoxic activity of two rodent tuber mutant plants against breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
Methods: The bioactive compounds in rodent tuber mutant plants were successfully increased by somaclonal variation using gamma rays irradiation technique. Further, the cytotoxicity activity of rodent tuber mutant plants was tested on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) performed by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay method.
Results: This results study confirmed that the presence of phytochemical composition in the tuber of rodent tuber mutant plants KB 6–1–3–4 and KB 6–9–5 was found six bioactive compounds from fatty acid groups which have the potential as an anticancer compound, such as octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 9-octadecanoic acid, linolelaidic acid methyl ester, and butanoic acid. The results showed that extracts from rodent tuber mutant plants had a cytotoxicity effect on MCF-7 cancer cells with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values that were lower than the control (mother plant). In vitro tests of KB 6–1–3–4 and KB 6–9–5 against MCF-7 cancer cell lines have IC50 values of 12.482 μg/mL and 7.043 μg/mL, respectively, while it had a lower cytotoxicity effect with the IC50 value of control plant was 19.113 μg/mL. The mutant plants of KB 6-9-5 have 3 times more effective than control.
Conclusion: The results of this study clearly indicated that rodent tuber mutant plants have shown promising as an anticancer drug on breast cancer.
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GELLING AGENT ON THE PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METRONIDAZOLE AS TOPICAL EMULGEL
Authors: DAOOD NOOR M , E JASSIM ZAINAB , M GAREEB MOWAFAQ , ZEKI HIBA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Emulgels as topical dosage form recently gains an interest represent a combination of gels and emulsions in united form. Metronidazole is an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drug, as the first topical therapy approved for rosacea; metronidazole has remained a cornerstone of rosacea management.
Methods: Emulgel formulations of metronidazole benzoate were prepared using two types of gelling agents, Carbopol 940 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the influence of type and concentration of them on the release of metronidazole benzoate was investigated. The prepared formulations were evaluated on the basis of pH, spreadability, viscosity, drug content, in vitro release, and compatibility studies.
Results: All the prepared emulgels showed acceptable physical properties concerning color, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, and pH value.
Conclusion: The best formulation (F4) prepared using Carbopol 940 as gelling agent showed the highest drug release through 5 h.