bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of destruction of Quercus robur and Betula pendula leaves by exposure of organic pollutants
Authors: Belchinskaya L , Khodosova N , Novikova L , Marcomini A , Zhuzhukin K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Exposure of industrial pollutants including styrene, formaldehyde, acetone in the concentration range of maximal permissible concentration of working zone on leaves of silver birch (Betula pendula) and English oak (Quercus robur) chosen as model objects were studied and a mechanism of degradation was proposed. At a macroscopic level an indicator role of the leaf pattern for industrial organic pollutants with various functional groups was established. The differentiated effect of biotoxicants revealed selectivity of chemical reactions and appearance of various products of these reactions on the surfaces of the leaf blade. For all studied objects, systemic IR spectroscopic studies of cuts from oak and birch leaves were carried out. The characteristic frequencies testifying to interaction of pollutants with leaf tissue have been identified. The criteria for the control of tree plantations have been proposed, manifesting in a combination of two methods: at the macroscopic level, by establishing the indicator role of the pattern, and at the molecular level, by IR spectroscopic determination of chemical interaction in the system "functional groups of biotoxicants - leaf blade". The studies carried out make it possible to create a database of industrial pollutants and propose interrelated criteria for monitoring tree plantations.
Use of fuses of increased accuracy in the drives of rotary forestry machines
Authors: Zelikov V A , Raghuram Kadali B , Stasyuk V V , Kazachek M N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The review of the most common fuses to limit the torque used on rotary forestry machines used in difficult conditions, including felling, is performed. A review of the designs of the most common fuses on these machines for limiting the torque: pin, cam and friction is carried out. Both the advantages and disadvantages of these fuses are considered. The necessity of using more advanced fuses for torque limitation on rotary forestry machines with a firing accuracy factor less than that of the standard torque fuses currently used is identified. It is proposed to use fuses with increased accuracy of operation with inclined grooves and pins on rotary forestry machines. The design of a promising fuse for limiting torque using inclined grooves and pins is considered. The technique of an experiment to study the accuracy factor of the fuse at a specially designed stand is presented. The results of experiments to identify the dependence of the accuracy factor on the angle of the groove of the fuse. Further ways are suggested for improving the design of a fuse with increased accuracy of operation with inclined grooves and pins.
Assessment of the regional tax potential and its role in the formation of the budget system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Tsapulina F , Makushev A , Ergunova O , Arlanova O , Lvova M , Matveeva O 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work, a study of tax revenues to the budgets of the Russian constituent entities for the fulfillment of state obligations by the Russian regions is carried out. The assessment of the regional tax potential as a key indicator of budgetary provision is determined on the example of the subject of the Russian Federation – Chuvash Republic – using the methodology of correlation and regression analysis. As a result, to improve the optimality of the regional tax policy in terms of current and forecast planning of tax payments to the budget of the Chuvash Republic, it is established which factors have a greater impact on the amount of tax revenues of a given constituent entity of the Russian Federation, and which to a lesser extent. It seems appropriate to use the author’s model for calculating tax revenues to the budget of the Chuvash Republic as an example of budgeting for other Russian entities. The process of modeling the tax potential of a region is indicated not only by an assessment of its current state, but also as part of project management for forecasting tax policies and tax reserves. The practical application of the tax potential with the available information base and regional government’s own instruments argues for the effectiveness of the fiscal policy of the Russian Federation, which is aimed at implementing tax regulation of economic processes while improving the quality of life of the population of Russia.
Complex of economic measures for the production of corn hybrids in the Russia
Authors: Nechaev V , Mikhailushkin P , Davydova Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to a set of organizational and economic measures for accelerated production of corn hybrids in the Russian Federation. The dynamics of corn grain production over the past 28 years has been studied and the organizational model of crop selection and seed production in the country has been shown. The scheme of seed production of zoned hybrids and their parent forms is shown, which shortens the path from a scientific institution to the real sector of the economy. A set of measures of the development of corn breeding and seed production is justified and proposed. These include: improvement of existing legislation, creation of specialized breeding and seed centers, application of state financial support, creation of innovative infrastructure and development of the system of training and retraining of personnel in the country.
Justification of structural and technological parameters of microwave installations for heat treatment of wax raw materials
Authors: Novikova G , Mikhailova O , Prosviryakova M , Zaitsev P , Shevelev A , Dulepov D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of a method and technical devices that allow separating honey when melting beeswax under the action of an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field. Analyzed electrical properties of beeswax and honey; the dynamics of heating of components of raw materials; three models of installations with different resonators; investigated the electrodynamic parameters of the system; substantiated the structural-technological parameters of the installation. Three variants of installations for wax melting with different resonators have been developed. In the first installation, the modules contain cylindrical and spherical resonators. In the second installation, a spherical resonator inside a toroidal resonator is installed. In the third installation, two cylindrical resonators in series are connected. In the second installation, the wax raw material is dosed with rolls onto a perforated disk inside a spherical resonator, where the raw material is heated to 40 °C, increasing its fluidity, which allows the honey to be separated when the disk rotates. Effective modes of heating beeswax are: specific power of the generator 0.85 W/g; duration of exposure to ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field 240 sec; heating temperature of the wax 64 °C.
Model for assessing the road train stability movement
Authors: Stroganov Yu N , Belov V V , Mikheev G M , Belova N N , Maksimov A N , Ognev O G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Road trains (RT) are the main transport in agriculture. However, their accident rate is quite high. In the vehicles movement research their design characteristics and operating modes are mainly improved. The main way to reduce the accident rate remains the speed limit. The authors proposed methods (confirmed by the issued patents) for ensuring the stability of the RT movement by changing the design of trailer devices. The purpose of this work is to form a mathematical model for assessing the stability of the RT movement in the presence of side effects (modeling of sharp turns, impacts). Methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical analysis, and vector geometry were applied. The process of RT yawing on the highway is split into a number of stages, for which the laws of changing its geometry and kinematics are formulated. Side effect leads to increase in the RT impulse (lateral oscillations increase the speed), or to a violation of stability (the movement amplitude goes beyond the highway or tipping). This model can be used to analyze the stability of the RT movement and evaluate methods to influence it in order to reduce the probability of accidents.
Influence of a pulsed (flashing) light-emitting diode (LED) phyto-irradiator on the efficiency of rooting of garden strawberry micro-cuttings in vitro
Authors: Kondrateva N P , Somova E N , Markova M G , Maksimov I I , Ovchukova S A , Kirillov N K , Krasnolutskaya M G , Belov V V , Bolschin R G , Korepanov D A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
All greenhouse phyto-irradiators implement a constant regime of plant irradiation. For example, phyto-irradiators turn on at 6 am and turn off at 10 pm. The article contains the results of a study of the influence of pulsed (flashing) light on the growth and development of meristemic plants of garden strawberry varieties ‘Brighton’ and ‘Korona’ in vitro. The ability to use flashing light is based on the features of photosynthesis, which includes light-dependent and light-independent (dark) reactions. A flashing LED phyto-irradiator and a continuously operating fluorescent irradiator (control sample) were compared. Experiments have shown that the use of flashing LED phyto-irradiator increased the rooting rate of strawberry micro-cuttings by 5-10%, depending on the varieties. For the variety ‘Korona’ there was an increase in the number of fully developed leaves to 7.2 pieces (6.0 pieces in the control sample) and, as a consequence, an increase in the leaf surface area of microplants from 262.2 mm2 to 348.0 mm2. For the ‘Brighton’ variety, everything was the other way around: under the flashing LED phyto-irradiator, the number of fully developed leaves decreased to 4.5 pieces (5.6 pieces in the control sample). The use of a flashing LED phyto-irradiator prevented the elongation of microplants in both varieties. At the end of the experiment, all strawberry microplants were rooted and met the standard requirements for rosette height, number of fully developed leaves, and root length.
Use of residues of the dairy industry as a fertilizer for spring wheat
Authors: Vasilyev O , Vasilyev A , Nursov I , Ivanov YU , Ilyin A , Terentyeva M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of scientific research on the use of residues of the dairy industry (cake) as an organic fertilizer for spring wheat. Cake refers to the residues obtained by cleaning milk pipes, and has a chemical composition and physical properties similar to cottage cheese, but has a pungent and unpleasant smell of spoiled foods. The direct effect of oilcake on the growth and development of spring wheat on light gray forest loamy soil was studied in field experiments established in 2017–2019. Scientific studies have shown that cake is an excellent organic fertilizer, and its use in doses of 30, 60 and 90 t/ha dramatically increases soil fertility and productivity of spring wheat, improves grain quality.
Assessment of the impact of pond aquaculture on water resources against the background of the use of biogenic feed additive Akwa-Biot-Norm
Authors: Semenov V G , Tyurin V G , Kuznetsov A F , Kosyaev N I , Nikitin D A , Alekseev V A , Yakimov A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A biogenic feed additive based on protein components and immunotropic preparations intended for the fulfillment of the bio-resource potential of fish by activating nonspecific and specific factors of organism protection against eco-technological pressing and for prevention of infectious and invasive diseases improving competitiveness and the effective functioning of fish farms was developed and suggested for use on fish farms. It was established that upon the use of Akwa-Biot-Norm biogenic feed additive based on a polysaccharide complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) yeast cells; the average weight of carps at the end of the experiment period was 2.19% higher than the control index in comparison with 2.71% for the live weight gain. With the maintenance of the pond aquaculture we observed moderate impact on water resources, but the use of Akwa-Biot-Norm biogenic feed additive in the carp growing technology reduces the degree of impact of the pond aquaculture on water resources. For example, the locality of the experimental group pond in relation to the locality of the control group pond, the quantity ofreadily oxidizable organic matter was 2.52% higher compared to 1.28% in the case of labile organic matter. The amount and biomass of phytoplankton increased on 4.08 and 9.86%, respectively.
Monitoring the development of young camels and wool quality camels of Kazakhstan population
Authors: Alibayev N , Semenov V , Baimukanov A , Ermakhanov M , Abuov G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to explore economically valuable signs of female camels and set the selection criteria for down hair fibers according to length and fineness. The shorn wool amount was determined during spring shearing by individual weighing of wool with 0.1 kg precision balance. Selection criteria for down hair in Arvana breed are elaborated, with the parameters of length min. 9 cm and fineness of 15-19 microns, and for Kazakh Bactrian breed – with the parameters of length min. 12 cm and fineness of 14-18 microns; these criteria were used to select and form preferable types of 54 and 224 animal units correspondingly for further selection process works to increase wool production in stocks. For Bactrian camels, these parameters are 11.0% lower in Kospak-1 camels, 12.2% lower in Kospak-2 camels and 4.8% lower in Kospak-3 camels. As for the length of down hair fibers, it is almost the same for all the studied young camels. The absolute gain of the body weight of colts of domestic breeds is relatively high, making 103.8-127.4 kg, with the relative gain of 329.5-397.8 kg and with the average daily gain – 576.7-707.8 g.
Morphological characterization of the Apis mellifera drones in the Southern Urals
Authors: Gazizova N R , Mannapov A G , Sattarov V N , Semenov V G , Skvortsov A I , Madeybekin I N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The results of the morphological characterization of Apis mellifera drones are presented in order to identify the biopotential of the “clean” native population in bee yards in 12 regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The presence of Is, I, O morphotypes – dark and gray in drones, is established. The O morphotype (dark) corresponds to the Central Russian subspecies, and the drones characterized by the O color (gray) can be related to the subspecies with a gray color of abdominal terga. The analysis of morphometric features in drones is identified as Apis mellifera mellifera allowed to distinguish the following characteristics: O (dark) morphotype with brown (coffee hue) or black hairs color on the abdomen; proboscis length (average) – 3.81 ± 0.08 … 3.97 ± 0.03 mm, cubital index – 1.36 ± 0.07 … 1.45 ± 0.09, wing length (front right) – 11.98 ± 0.49…12.08 ± 0.45 mm, wing width (front right) – 3.72 ± 0.21 … 3.92 ± 0.23 mm, tergite length (third) – 2.90 ± 0.12 … 3.51 ± 0.01 mm, tergite width (third) – 6.40 ± 0.02 … 6.44 ± 0.04 mm, sternite length (third) – 2.62 ± 0.03 … 2.66 ± 0.05 mm, sternite width (third) – 4.52 ± 0.10 … 4.62 ± 0.07 mm, tarsal index – 49.59 ± 0.89 … 52.15 ± 1.93%.
Determination of cheese suitability of milk and development of production technology of soft cheese ‘Academicheskiy’
Authors: Larionov G , Semenov V , Mardaryeva N , Schiptsova N , Lavrentyev A , Checheneshkina O , Terentyeva M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cheese makers conduct research to improve the recipe and technology of cheese production. In Russia, the main raw material for cheese production is cow’s milk. The aim of the research is to study the cheese suitability of milk and to improve the technology for production of soft cheese ‘Academicheskiy’. The physical and chemical properties of milk were studiedby ultrasound method. The results of studies of milk quality were taken into account in developing the recipe and production technology of soft cheese. The cheese recipe included cow’s milk, sour milk whey and salt. Soft cheese was made by hand using a thermal-acid method. The production technology of soft cheese ‘Academicheskiy’ consists of the following operations: acceptance of milk and additional raw materials; processing and preparation of milk; pasteurization of milk and sour whey at high temperature; mixing of milk and sour whey for protein precipitation; molding and self-pressing; salting; drying and maturation; packaging and labeling; storage, transportation and sale of soft cheese.
Digital platform as a liaison mechanism and a business model in agribusiness
Authors: Litvinova O V , Abrosimova M S , Vasilyeva O G , Filippova S P , Gordeeva L G , Nesterova N V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Digital transformation forms the necessary prerequisites for the transition of agriculture to more modern technologies and forms of organizing agribusiness. The purpose of the study is to identify the potential benefits and difficulties of creating digital platforms in the agricultural sector. The goal was achieved on the basis of an analysis of the reports of consulting firms, government programs, publications of foreign and Russian scientists, as well as observations and generalization of the experience of Russian digital companies. As a result, it was established that the digital platform can be considered, on the one hand, as a digital model of agribusiness. The platform business model differs from the traditional one in the way of monetizing the market supply, digitalization of business processes increases its flexibility and helps to reduce transaction costs. On the other hand, a digital platform is an ecosystem, whose participants reap economic benefits through synergy and networking. At the present stage, the formation of digital platforms and services in the agro-industrial complex is constrained by the low level of maturity of end-to-end technologies for the agricultural industries and the digitalization of agribusiness. The conducted research reveals the potential benefits of the digital platform for agribusiness entities.
Effect of sewage sludge application on heavy metals contamination in soil and carrot
Authors: Schiptsova N , Larionov G , Vasilyev O , Fadeeva N , Terentyeva M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
One of the many environmental problems in the modern world is the disposal of production and consumption waste, including sewage sludge. The aim of our research was to study the content and accumulation of heavy metals in soil and carrots when using increasing doses of sewage sludge as fertilizer and its effect on the yield of products. Sewage sludge with a moisture content of 44.5% was introduced into gray forest soils. After fertilizing the soil, agrochemical analyzes of soil samples from the plots of the experimental plot for the content of heavy metals were carried out. We also studied the content of heavy metals in carrot biomass and its yield. It was found that the content of heavy metals in various variants of experiments with the use of sewage sludge increased. It was found that the dynamics of migration of heavy metals into the biomass of carrots correlates with an increase in their concentration in the soil and affects the yield of carrots.
Peculiarities of local in the context of agronomic knowledge
Authors: Mikhailova R V , Semenov V G , Tikhonov A S , Stepanova V V , Fedorova O N , Kuznetsova T V , Pronin M A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the problem of return to a person a commensurate world which is reflected in the phenomenon of local. It identifies peculiarities of local based on agronomic knowledge as traditional knowledge presented as context. Local is determined by ability to cultivate land - ‘vital locus’ of a peasant-farmer. Ability to adapt to natural and social environment to solve the survival problem accompanies formation of a ‘sense of place’. Environment is a factor of agronomic knowledge development. The latter in its pre-scientific form as folk agronomy developed in the agricultural experience of people. Based on the contextual approach, principle of truth specificity, principle of consistency, the paper presents folk agronomic knowledge as a systemic integrity and justifies its elements: prescribed technological knowledge, actual technological knowledge, folk agricultural wisdom. Agronomic knowledge, demanded by context of agrarian activity, sets peculiarities of local: 1) place specificity; spatial forms of material phenomena, objects, bodies, their position in space; 2) variety of forms of adaptation to natural climatic conditions, existence of various methods of farming; 3) farmers’ rooted consciousness. The authors show its potential to be an impetus for development of society. Interaction of old and new can be practical and highly effective.
Production of mint whey drink at private and collective farms and agricultural holdings
Authors: Larionov G , Semenov V , Lavrentyev A , Sherne V , Kayukova O , Mardaryeva N , Ivanova R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research aimed the development production of prophylactic whey drinks which allows enhancing the efficient use of resources of high-value dairy byproducts including cheese and curd whey. High level of safety and quality of milk supplied, soft, semi-hard cheeses and dry-curd cottage cheese, as well as curd whey were adapted. Pepper mint was added as a source of extra vitamins, mineral salts, macro- and micronutrients, dietary supplements. The first recipe for a whey drink with the addition of mint syrup includes curd whey 1 L, mint 1 g, sugar 30 g, water 25 mL, citric acid 4 g. The second recipe differs from the first in that peppermint contains 2 g, the third recipe for mint contains 3 g. The amount of whey, sugar and citric acid in the second and third recipes corresponds to the first recipe. Plant-based components of whey drink act as analeptics and expand the assortment. Also, the research aimed to develop zero waste and low waste technology for private and collective farms and agricultural holdings and as a result, provide the solution to whey disposal issue.
Phase-controlling infrared thermal emitting metasurfaces
Authors: Dragoman D , Iftimie S , Radu A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We have shown, using analytical expressions and numerical simulations, that metasurfaces can have multiple functionalities, namely that they can impart a controlled phase difference between cross-polarized circular reflected and transmitted fields, having at the same time a non-vanishing absorption in the near-infrared region, at resonant wavelengths determined by the geometry of the metasurface. Because the optical absorptivity of the metasurface determines its thermal emissivity, and thus the coherence properties and propagation directionality of light sources, the same metasurfaces can act as lenses, for instance, and as thermal emitters.