bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1035325 Gambaran Pendidikan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Tentang Teknik Mengejan yang Benar di BPM Wastustina Sungai Liat Tahun 2019
Authors: Martina Astari  
Published: July 2020

Pada saat menjalani persalinan normal, mengejan adalah salah satu proses alamiah saat mendorong bayi keluar. Mengejan adalah tahapan saat pembukaan atau dilatasi mulut rahim mencapai puncaknya,yaitu 10 cm. Pada saat proses mengejan perlu dilakukan dengan baik dan benar agar kekuatan ibu tidak siasia, sehingga mengurangi tingkat mortalitas dan morbiditas ibu saat persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Gambaran Pendidikan,Pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang teknik mengejan yang benar di BPM wastustina pada Tahun 2019. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat studi deskriftip dengan pendekatan proseksional dimana variabel Independent atau (pendidikan,pengetahuan dan sikap ibu) dengan variabel Dependent ( Teknik mengejan yang benar) diambil dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Populasi yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil yang usia kehamilannya 16-42 minggu. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah teknik accidental sampling. Data di analisis dengan analisis univariat yang menghasilkan distribusi frekuensi dan prersentase dari tiap variabel. Hasil penelitian didapatkan, ibu hamil yang memeliki pendidikan yang tinggi lebih banyak yaitu 20 ibu hamil (66.7%) dari pada ibu berpendidikan rendah yaitu 10 ibu hamil (33,3%), ibu yang berpengetahuan baik yaitu 18 ibu hamil (60,0%) lebih banyak dari pada ibu yang berpengetahuan kurang baik yaitu 12 ibu hamil (40,0%). Ibu yang memiliki sikap negatif lebih besar yaitu 16 (53,3%) lebih banyak dari pada dengan ibu yang memiliki sikap positif yaitu 14 (46,7%).
Про право свободи у новітній політичній філософії
Authors: Sytnichenko Lyudmyla 
Published: July 2020

Автор статті аналізує осмислення проблеми свободи у новітній політичній філософії, виокремлює основні типи взаємозв’язку свободи та справедливості в контексті «усвідомлення несправедливості» та дорогої ціни свободи, прагнення до особистої та національної свободи, самостійності, самовизначення. У статті доводиться, що, на відміну від традиційної дилеми «негативної» та «позитивної» свободи, новітня політична філософія прагне створити її змістовний, різноплановий реалістичний концепт. Важливою ознакою останнього стало розширення «права свободи», подолання її формалізованого індивідуалістично-ліберального та звуженого патерналістсько-комунікативного бачення через звернення до «рефлексивної, соціальної» свободи, нового розуміння свободи особистої та політичної. Таким чином, О. Гьофе, А. Гонет, Дж. Раз, Р. Дворкін пропонують доповнити принцип рівної свободи Дж. Ролза змістовною ідеєю про контекстуальні, соціокультурні, морально-етичні засади свободи, роздумами про ціну, можливості, прояви та межі свободи. Підсумовуючи осмислення проблеми свободи в сучасній філософії, автор наголошує на особливостях пошуку на її обширах шляхів подолання розмаїтих проявів соціальної несправедливості, приниження, зневаги людської гідності. Це має відбуватися на засадах осягнення внутрішнього потенціалу самого феномена свободи як принципово важливої (насамперед для вітчизняного простору) можливості узгодження нормативно-інституційних, правових її вимірів з реальним прагненням людей до свободи і справедливості.
Semantic Groups of Swiss German Lexemes and Peculiarities of Their Word Formation
Authors: Artemova Vera , Dmitrieva Mariya 
Published: July 2020

The main objective of this paper is to describe semantic diversity of nationally labeled lexemes and peculiarities of their word formation mechanisms on the example of the Swiss German language. One of the central concepts is the concept of «the
national variant of the language». The article briefly describes the most important stages of literary and linguistic works on the stage of fixing and studying the basic dialect of Switzerland – Alemannic. The Dictionary of Variability of the German
Language is accepted as the main source of the research material. The methodological basis comprises the method of comparative analysis, the method of component
analysis, the method of continuous sampling, the method of statistical data processing.The study has confirmed the working hypothesis that the nationally marked
vocabulary is manifested in all thematic blocks, but its use for naming the national cultural realities of Switzerland is the most typical case. Word-formation models, while maintaining the constancy of the word formation general methods, demonstrate
a wide variability found in the quantitative filling of the component composition of compound words. For the lexemes of the suffix model, a typical postfix segmental morpheme – the suffix –li – is identified. The future research may expand the empirical base of the language and reconstruction of fully aspectual communication model of the polycode space of Swiss
German discourse.
To the Travelers’ Service or True Stories about Foreigners
in the Russian Province (After the PatrioticWar of 1812 until the End of the 1830s)
Authors: Тikhonova Anastasiya 
Published: July 2020

In the article the author mentions some modern publications on this issue in the era of Alexander I and Nicholas I in connection with the description of the travelling theme in the context of everyday life history. As an example of the Russian Province, the article considers Smolensk Governorate which was
located at the crossroads of routes from Europe to the center of Russia through Baltic, Belarusian and Ukrainian Provinces. On the basis of the materials of the State Archive of the Smolensk region (GASO) from the funds of the Chancellery of Smolensk Governor, the Smolensk Oblast Duma, metric books of Roman
Catholic Church in Smolensk and published memoirs (Eugene Hess’ diary and E. Montulé’s notes) the author of the article reconstructs foreign hotel owners’ biographies (S.I. Chapa, D.K. Nolchini, V.I. Gaber), masters of carriage business
(D.I. Graf, K.B. Weber), a city coachman, the owner of a coffee house (H. Podrut). All these people were united by their origin (they came from European
countries) and their involvement (due to their professional activities) in servicing travelers who found themselves in the Russian Province. Life circumstances and development of their own business forced them to settle far away
from their homeland; most of them became citizens of the empire, having connected themselves with Russia forever. In the article it is underlined that foreigners’ involvement in «tourist business» of the considered epoch testifies not
only to the benefit of their business activity, but also to the importance of the psychological factor – the very possibility of meeting with compatriots and representatives of other European countries.
The Russian Prisoners of War in World War I as a Humanitarian Issue
Authors: Ippolitov Sergey 
Published: July 2020

The tragedy occurred to the prisoners of war in World War I had the scale of a humanitarian disaster. Millions of people belonged to different nationalities lived under the hardest physical and psychological living conditions. The study devoted to this page of world history methodologically comprises an
intersection of disciplines: it is necessary to study and comprehend mental, legal, economic, cultural aspects of the humanitarian crisis which had significant effect on the course of political processes in Europe. The article studies activities
of government and public organizations involved in humanitarian assistance to the Russian prisoners of war who were in the European camps. In this case a special role was played by a spiritual and cultural support of the compatriots in captivity. Acute «cultural hunger» in the prisoners of war
camps was intended to be filled by the Russian book, which became a significant factor that impeded the prisoners’ marginalization and denationalization.
The growth of nationalism in a public discourse of different countries around the world which were involved in isolation and marginalization of ethnic minorities and diasporas, their loss of national and cultural identity, customs
and language make the study of the historical analogies connected with the fate of prisoners of war in World War I appropriate and of current interest. The history
of preservation by the Russian people in captivity and exile their own cultural identity allows the author to predict the course of these processes at the present stage, as well as to develop state policy of support provided to compatriots
abroad.
Shalott’s Song: a Specific Feature Found in Balmont’s Translation
of A. Tennyson’s Poem «The Lady of Shalott»
Authors: Shanurina Margarita 
Published: July 2020

This academic paper is devoted to the analysis of a specific feature which
could be found in K. Balmont’s translation of A. Tennyson’s poem «The Lady of
Shalott». The aim of the work is to study the reasons why Balmont uses the word
«волшебница» to describe the heroine in his translation while there is no word with such semantics in the original text. (This word is put in the name of the translated
work and it is found in almost every stanza).English analogue of the word «volshebnitsa» (that is, the word «enchantress», which, according to the Oxford
English Dictionary, is closest to this word in semantics), while in the original text of
the poem this word is not mentioned, the neutral word «lady» is used andonce (in
the speech of the mower who hears the heroine singing, but does not see her) there is the word «fairy».
This article, on the one hand, summarizes existing studies on the topic; on the other hand, complements them. The study highlights and considers several reasons
for the above-mentioned discrepancy between the original text and its translation: emphasizing the connection with a fairy tale, revealing a number of motifs which play an important role in the work of Balmont himself (namely, motifs of music and creativity
as magic) and an indication of the main heroine’s charming beauty.
«Climbing The Alps»: Symbolic Toponymy
as aFactor of the Cycles Formationin I.A. Bunin’s Oeuvre
Authors: Bazhenova Yana 
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes the unassembled cycle of I.A. Bunin’sthree texts with the same title «In the Alps». The poem and the chronologically first short story with the same title were written at the beginning of the writer’s literary career. At that time Bunin learned from outstanding predecessors in order to find his own poetic voice and place in the field of literature. The result of the searches showed the invention of a unique genre – the genre of prosaic miniature. Then, half a century after publication of the first texts «In the Alps»,the third short story with the same titleappeared. The meaning of the toponym «The Alps» in the title of the short stories is
explained by appealing to Bunin’s memoirs and self-describing notes. The concept «The Alps» in his literary works is initiated, on the one hand, by the writer’s first trip to Switzerland, and, on the other hand, by the parallel reception of the so-called
«Swiss myth» in the works of European and Russian romantic poets and writers: G. G. Byron and V.A. Zhukovsky. While the motifs and imagery system of Bunin’s «alpine » cycle is inherited from his predecessors, the innovations of his literary method
are demonstrated in the narrative organization of the texts.
To the Issue of Differentiation between Metaphorical and Mental Images Verbalized in Emotive Prose
(Based on the Texts of Small Emotive Prose by Ye.I. Zamyatin)
Authors: Astashina Yevgeniya 
Published: July 2020

Nowadays achievements in metaphor studying make it possible to state that the nature of metaphor comprises mental and figurative features. Trying to fix the ideal, metaphor like any mental image may be expressed by means of natural language instruments. The mediate demonstration of the ideal nature
makes metaphor verbalization and the one of the mental image nondescript that is aggravated by their core similarity and absence of special figures of mental images expressionand taking into consideration their all principal possibilities
to be verbalized. The author of the article has faced the taxonomic problem of characterization of Ye.I. Zamyatin’scertain emotive prose texts according to the
type of their imagery. The literal material of Zamyatin’semotive prose discourse analyzed in
the article shows practical difficulty of interpreting mental images in accordance with their nature. The study has made a parametric succession of constituents
included in metaphorical and mental images notions due to the methods of contextual analysis of the natural language text, as well as self-observation as an empiric analysis of the language material, and theoretical synthesis of
speech experience with further schematization. The succession is applied to the analysis of Zamyatin’s texts. The research data may be used for the interpretation and analysis of any
emotive prose text since mental images are often intentionally verbalized as an expressive means and metaphorical ones.
Peculiarities of the T-cell response in atherosclerosis. Opportunities in diagnostics and treatment
Authors: ЩИНОВА А.М. , ПОТЕХИНА А.В. , ФИЛАТОВА А.Ю. , НОЕВА Е.А. , ОСОКИНА А.К. , ГВОЗДЕВА А.Д. , ПРОВАТОРОВ С.И. , ОВЧИННИКОВ А.Г. , АРЕФЬЕВА Т.И. 
Published: July 2020

Резюме
Атеросклероз — хроническое воспалительное заболевание крупных артерий, в инициации и прогрессии которого активное участие
принимают различные субпопуляции Т7лимфоцитов. T7хелперы 1, 17, 9, 22, CD8+ Т7лимфоциты обладают проатерогенными свойствами,
поддерживая воспалительную реакцию в стенке сосуда. Регуляторные Т7лимфоциты подавляют эффекторную активность вышеупомя7
нутых клеток. Экспериментальные иммунотерапевтические подходы, в результате которых модулировались количество и/или функцио7
нальная активность ряда клеток иммунной системы, продемонстрировали антиатерогенный потенциал. В настоящее время активно раз7
рабатываются методики таргетного воздействия на хронический воспалительный процесс в стенке сосуда, и дальнейшее преобразование
результатов экспериментальных моделей в эффективные и безопасные методы лечения является высокоперспективной задачей.
Summary
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of large arteries, the initiation and progression of which is actively involved in various subpopulations
of T7lymphocytes. T7helpers 1, 17, 9, 22, CD8+ T7lymphocytes have proatherogenic properties, supporting an inflammatory reaction in the vessel wall.
Regulatory T7lymphocytes inhibit the effector activity of the above cells. Experimental immunotherapeutic approaches, which modulated the number and/or
functional activity of a number of immune system cells, demonstrated antiatherogenic potential. At present, methods of targeting the chronic inflammatory
process in the vessel wall are being actively developed, and further transformation of the results of experimental models into effective and safe methods of
treatment is a highly promising task.
Key words: atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, inflammation, cell immunity, T lymphocytes, atherosclerosis immunotherapy.
Novel challenges of present-day healthcare with biocatalytic technologies. Enzyme
bioconjugates in several and junctive courses of experimental therapy
Authors: МАКСИМЕНКО А.В. , ВАВАЕВА А.В. , САХАРОВА Ю.С. , ВАВАЕВ А.В. 
Published: July 2020

Меняющиеся условия жизни обусловили формирование, выявление и определение «новых», мало изученных факторов риска сердеч-
но-сосудистых осложнений, в частности аномальных климатических воздействий, актуальности запросов системы здравоохранения на
определение механизмов воздействия «новых» факторов риска на организм и разработку оригинальных лечебных подходов. Эффектив-
ность последних во многом оказалась связанной с использованием высокомолекулярных соединений, среди которых заметное место
заняли ферментные производные. Возникла необходимость разработать новые модели поражения сосудистой системы in vivo и после-
довательно исследовать на них действенность экспериментальной терапии ферментными биоконъюгатами. Для лечения и профилактики
нарушений кровообращения представляется перспективным исследование эффектов сочетанного курса производных биокатализаторов
(как биферментный конъюгат супероксиддисмутаза-хондроитинсульфат-каталаза с нативной или модифицированной хондроитинсуль-
фатом гиалуронидазой) на модели поражения сосудов прогипертензивными факторами (ангиотензином II с повышенными концентра-
циями хлористого натрия), увеличение уровня которых отмечается в периоды аномальных климатических условий. Расширение ис-
следовательских задач обусловливает появление новых научных коллективов, изучающих и разрабатывающих ферментные препараты
следующего поколения на новых моделях комбинированных сердечно-сосудистых нарушений
Altering conditions of life determined the formation, elicitation and establishment of «novel», studied deficiency risk factors of cardiovascular
complications, in particular anomalistic climatic effects. This situation specified the growth of topicality for requests from healthcare system in
respect to elucidation of action mechanism of «new» risk factors on organism and development of effective medicative approaches. Efficacy of latter
was associated mainly with high molecular compounds using, among which the enzyme derivatives preoccupied the observable place. It became
important argumentatively to develop the new injury models of vascular system in vivo and investigated the efficiency of experimental therapy
against their with enzyme bioconjugates. Treatment and prophylaxis of the disturbance of blood circulation are adduced perspective the research
of junctive course with biocatalyst derivatives (bienzyme superoxide dismutase-chondroitin sulfate-catalase conjugate with native or chondroitin
sulfate modified hyaluronidase) in model of vascular injury with prohypertension factors (angiotensin II and chloride sodium). Enhanced level of
these compounds is observed for anomalistic climatic conditions. Widening of research task frontiers determined the appearance here the new
scientific collectivities for investigation and development of enzyme derivatives of new generation on new models of cardiovascular injuries in vivo.
Changing Political Trends in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Case Study of Malakand (1968-2013)
Authors: Junaid Babar  , Aabida Lateef  , Nasrullah Khan  
Published: July 2020

This paper delineates political and cultural shifts in the Malakand district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. The paper challenges dominant perceptions and discourses about the people of KP in the post 9/11 context and presents an alternative version of history and politics. It traces the history of peasant movements and indigenous resistance (1968-1977) for gaining social, economic, and political equality. It is argued that state policies, the influence of regional and global powers have brought radical changes in the whole province in general and in Malakand in particular. In addition to the role of state’s ruling elites and international agencies, the emphasis is on changing demographic and economic conditions which favored religious right at a deep societal level. Qualitative method has been adopted while conducting this research work which involves extensive fieldwork in the Malakand district. Archival and vernacular sources have also been consulted for tracing the history of progressive politics in the province.
Relationship of Organizational Structure, Physical Facilities and Leadership Practices of Principals with School improvement: An Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Abdul Malik  , Dr. Habib Elahi  , Dr. Syed Afzal Shah  
Published: July 2020

The present study was focused to know about the relationship of organizational structure, physical facilities, and leadership practices with school improvement. A survey research method was adopted with questionnaires. The sample included 224 principals, 896 senior school teachers from the seven districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The stratified random sampling technique was used for the selection of participating institutions among 7 divisions of the province. For the collection of research data, the researcher developed the questionnaires. For this instrument, after passing through the pilot testing and experts' opinions, all the instructed improvements and modifications worked out. The analysis of data revealed that there is a positive significant correlation of organizational structure, physical facilities, and leadership practices with school improvement.
Critical Analysis of Science Education in Policy Perspective of Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Munir Khan  , Dr. Nasrin Akhtar  , Mr. Faisal Rauf  
Published: July 2020

Worldwide developments in the sciences have changed human lives radically. Science education has an important role in enabling school learners to understand something of what the sciences have found and how the findings were made, along with an awareness of the place of the sciences in any modern society. The objectives of this analytical document study were to review and draw from a wide range of national education polices reports of commissions and conferences and to explore and summarize the issues that need to be addressed, since independence of Pakistan in 1947. These policy documents and reports identify a lack of progress and other studies suggest why. In the light of the findings as well as studies set in other countries, it is suggested that a coherent approach is needed where the curricula in the sciences, the resources to be made available and the assessment systems to be employed are all focusing on the wider aims of science education. In this, there can be a move away for the dominance of memorization and recall towards wider educational goals. The training of science teachers also needs major overhaul. In this way the evidence suggests that a rich and effective provision in science education can be developed and implemented.
Escalation in Kashmir Conflict after Burhan Wani’s Killing: A Comparative Study of the Coverage by Pakistani and Indian Press
Authors: Dr. Faiza Latif  , Ayesha Siddiqua  , Urwah Iftikhar  
Published: July 2020

The study aims at analyzing the conflict coverage of Kashmir in the mainstream English press of India and Pakistan along with and draws its theoretical support from Galtung’s ideas of peace and war journalism. The main concern of the study is to test the hypothesis that war frames are given prominence over peace frames while covering the case of Burhan Wani in the Indian and Pakistani press. The coverage was analyzed through the content analysis of news stories and columns which were published on the national, international, and opinion pages of The Daily Dawn and The Daily Times of India from July 8, 2016, to Oct 8, 2016. A total of 121 stories were randomly selected from a total sample frame of 242 items for content analysis. To add a qualitative perspective to the study, in-depth interviews of 12 purposively selected Indian and Pakistani journalists who had covered Kashmir Conflict were also conducted. Both statistical analysis of the content of selected dailies and qualitative interviews supports the hypothesis. Consequently, the coverage given to the Kashmir Conflict by Indian and Pakistani press contributed to escalating the conflict instead of deescalating it.