bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors for self-assessment score of interprofessional team collaboration in community hospitals in Japan
Authors: Haruta Junji , Ozone Sachiko , Goto Ryohei 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveInterprofessional collaboration is considered an important strategy in overcoming the complex issues associated with healthcare outcomes. A nationwide, community-based integrated care system developed for the care of older people in individual communities in Japan requires community hospitals to deliver integrated care to coordinate efforts for creating effective environments for health. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with the self-assessment score of interprofessional collaboration in community hospitals.DesignCross-sectional study using the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS).SettingThis study was conducted in three small community hospitals in Japan.ParticipantsAll healthcare staff in the hospitals via research collaborators were asked to complete the anonymous self-administered questionnaire of the AITCS comprising questions related to individual factors (age, gender, profession), hospital to which they belonged, relationships with neighbouring facilities, job burden and job satisfaction from July to October 2018. The association between the questionnaire items as explanatory variables and AITCS score as an objective variable was determined using univariate followed by multiple regression analyses.ResultsThe data from 325 of 630 participants were analysed, of whom 252 were female (77.5%) and 240 were nurses (73.8%). The mean of the total AITCS score was 117.6 (range 37–185), and the Visual Analogue Scale for relationships with neighbouring facilities, job satisfaction and job burden was 53.0 mm (0–100), 46.1 mm (0–100) and 64.3 mm (0–100), respectively. In univariate analyses of the association with AITCS score, explanatory variables with a significance level of <0.05 were relationships with neighbouring facilities, job satisfaction and job burden. On multiple regression analysis, the total AITCS score was independently associated with age, profession (nurse/non-nurse), relationships with neighbouring facilities and job satisfaction.ConclusionsBetter self-assessment score of interprofessional collaboration is more strongly associated with younger age, a nursing profession, better relationships with neighbouring facilities and greater job satisfaction than with the hospital to which the participant belonged. These findings may help community hospitals enhance the integration of service delivery and benefit to the community through interprofessional collaboration.
Occupational barriers to accessing and adhering to antiretroviral therapy for female sex workers living with HIV in South Africa
Authors: Parmley Lauren E , Comins Carly A , Young Katherine , Mcingana Mfezi , Phetlhu Deliwe Rene , Guddera Vijay , Mkhize Happiness , Hausler Harry , Baral Stefan , Schwartz Sheree 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesWhile female sex workers (FSW) are nearly 14 times more likely to be living with HIV than non-FSW, less than 40% of FSW living with HIV are on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We sought to understand how the work environment influences ART access and adherence for FSW in preparation for the Siyaphambili trial.MethodsFSW living with HIV (n=24) and key informants (n=15) were recruited to participate in semistructured in-depth interviews using maximum variation and snowball sampling, respectively. FSW were recruited on key variants including type of sex work venue, primary work time and history of ART use. Data were collected between September and November 2017 in Durban, South Africa. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated. Data were then coded applying grounded theory in Atlas.ti.ResultsFSW experienced occupational barriers to adherence including work-related migration, substance use and theft of ART on the job. Fear of wage loss due to HIV disclosure to clients and brothel managers prevented some FSW from accessing ART at their clinic and taking medications while working. FSW employed coping strategies to overcome barriers including sharing ART with colleagues, carrying small supplies of ART and visiting the clinic prior to appointments for ART refills. Further, some FSW received adherence support from colleagues who were also living with HIV.ConclusionsConsidering these occupational pressures on FSW and supporting positive coping strategies are important when designing and implementing HIV treatment programmes. Findings suggest strengthening social cohesion and supporting differentiated care efforts to improve HIV outcomes among FSW living with HIV.
Effects of ABCA1 gene polymorphisms on risk factors, susceptibility and severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Lu Zhan , Luo Zhi , Jia Aimei , Muhammad Irfan , Zeng Wei , Shiganmo Azhe , Chen Xueli , Song Yongyan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe relationships between the rs1800976, rs4149313 and rs2230806 polymorphisms in ATP binding cassette protein A1 and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) remain unclear.MethodsFour hundred and forty-two patients with CAD and 217 CAD-free subjects were enrolled in this study. The rs1800976, rs4149313 and rs2230806 polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Severity of CAD was evaluated by Gensini score system, number of stenotic coronary vessels and extent of coronary stenosis.ResultsC allele of the rs1800976 polymorphism, G allele of the rs4149313 polymorphism and A allele of the rs2230806 polymorphism were found to be risk alleles for CAD (p&lt;0.05 for all). In patients with CAD, C allele of the rs1800976 polymorphism was associated with high levels of hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cystatin c (CysC), and its frequency increased with percentiles of Gensini score, number of stenotic coronary vessels and extent of coronary stenosis (p&lt;0.05 for all). The subjects with GA genotype of the rs4149313 polymorphism had higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B and hs-CRP than those with AA genotype (p&lt;0.05 for all). The subjects with AA genotype of the rs2230806 polymorphism had higher levels of TC, LDL-C and uric acid than those with GA genotype (p&lt;0.05 for all). No associations between the rs4149313 or rs2230806 polymorphism and severity of CAD were detected.ConclusionsThe rs1800976 polymorphism is significantly associated with the occurrence and severity of CAD, which is possibly mediated by hs-CRP and CysC.
Association of serum chloride level alterations with in-hospital mortality
Authors: Thongprayoon Charat , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Hansrivijit Panupong , Thirunavukkarasu Sorkko , Chewcharat Api , Medaura Juan , Mao Michael A , Kashani Kianoush 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to assess the association between alterations in serum chloride levels during hospitalisation and mortality.MethodsWe reviewed all adult patients admitted to our hospital from the year 2009 to 2013, who had at least two serum chloride measurements during hospitalisation. The serum chloride change during hospitalisation, defined as the absolute difference between the highest and lowest serum chloride levels, was categorised into seven groups; 0–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, 9–10, 11–12 and ≥13 mEq/L. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the independent association between serum chloride change and in-hospital mortality, using the serum chloride change of 0–2 mEq/L as the reference group.ResultsA total of 57 880 patients, with median serum chloride change of 5 (IQR 3–9) mEq/L, were studied. The in-hospital mortality was progressively increased with larger chloride change, from 0.6% in group of 0–2 mEq/L to 5.9% in group of ≥13 mEq/L (p&lt;0.001). In adjusted analysis, serum chloride change of ≥7 mEq/L was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality. For upward trend, serum chloride change of ≥3 mEq/L was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality, whereas, for downward trend, serum chloride change was not consistently associated with in-hospital mortality.ConclusionAlterations in serum chloride during hospitalisation were associated with increased hospital mortality. The association was more prominent with upward than downward trend of serum chloride.
DeepXS: fast approximation of MSSM electroweak cross sections at NLO
Authors: Otten Sydney , Rolbiecki Krzysztof , Caron Sascha , Kim Jong-Soo , Ruiz de Austri Roberto , Tattersall Jamie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present a deep learning solution to the prediction of particle production cross sections over a complicated, high-dimensional parameter space. We demonstrate the applicability by providing state-of-the-art predictions for the production of charginos and neutralinos at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the next-to-leading order in the phenomenological MSSM-19 and explicitly demonstrate the performance for $$pp\rightarrow \tilde{\chi }^+_1\tilde{\chi }^-_1,$$pp→χ~1+χ~1-,$$\tilde{\chi }^0_2\tilde{\chi }^0_2$$χ~20χ~20 and $$\tilde{\chi }^0_2\tilde{\chi }^\pm _1$$χ~20χ~1± as a proof of concept which will be extended to all SUSY electroweak pairs. We obtain errors that are lower than the uncertainty from scale and parton distribution functions with mean absolute percentage errors of well below $$0.5\,\%$$0.5% allowing a safe inference at the next-to-leading order with inference times that improve the Monte Carlo integration procedures that have been available so far by a factor of $$\mathscr {O}(10^7)$$O(107) from $$\mathscr {O}(\mathrm{min})$$O(min) to $$\mathscr {O}(\mu \mathrm{s})$$O(μs) per evaluation.
Mapping collinear in-medium parton splittings
Authors: Domínguez Fabio , Milhano José Guilherme , Salgado Carlos A. , Tywoniuk Konrad , Vila Víctor 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe map the spectrum of $$1\rightarrow 2$$1→2 parton splittings inside a medium characterized by a transport coefficient $${\hat{q}}$$q^ onto the kinematical Lund plane, taking into account the finite formation time of the process. We discuss the distinct regimes arising in this map for in-medium splittings, pointing out the close correspondence to a semi-classical description in the limit of hard, collinear radiation with short formation times. Although we disregard any modifications of the original parton kinematics in course of the propagation through the medium, subtle modifications to the radiation pattern compared to the vacuum baseline can be traced back to the physics of color decoherence and accumulated interactions in the medium. We provide theoretical support to vacuum-like emissions inside the medium by delimiting the regions of phase space where it is dominant, identifying also the relevant time-scales involved. The observed modifications are shown to be quite general for any dipole created in the medium.
Memory effects in quantum processes
Authors: Taranto Philip 
Published: January 2020

Understanding temporal processes and their correlations in time is of paramount importance for the development of near-term technologies that operate under realistic conditions. Capturing the complete multi-time statistics that define a stochastic process lies at the heart of any proper treatment of memory effects. This is well understood in classical theory, where a hierarchy of joint probability distributions completely characterizes the process at hand. However, attempting to generalize this notion to quantum mechanics is problematic: observing realizations of a quantum process necessarily disturbs the state of the system, breaking an implicit, and crucial, assumption in the classical setting. This issue can be overcome by separating the experimental interventions from the underlying process, enabling an unambiguous description of the process itself and accounting for all possible multi-time correlations for any choice of interrogating instruments. In this paper, using a novel framework for the characterization of quantum stochastic processes, we first solve the long standing question of unambiguously describing the memory length of a quantum processes. This is achieved by constructing a quantum Markov order condition, which naturally generalizes its classical counterpart for the quantification of finite-length memory effects. As measurements are inherently invasive in quantum mechanics, one has no choice but to define Markov order with respect to the interrogating instruments that are used to probe the process at hand: different memory effects are exhibited depending on how one addresses the system, in contrast to the standard classical setting. We then fully characterize the structural constraints imposed on quantum processes with finite Markov order, shedding light on a variety of memory effects that can arise through various examples. Finally, we introduce an instrument-specific notion of memory strength that allows for a meaningful quantification of the temporal correlations between the history and the future of a process for a given choice of experimental intervention. These findings are directly relevant to both characterizing and exploiting memory effects that persist for a finite duration. In particular, immediate applications range from developing efficient compression and recovery schemes for the description of quantum processes with memory to designing coherent control protocols that efficiently perform information-theoretic tasks, amongst a plethora of others.
Modelling subduction sources for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis
Authors: Pagani M. , Johnson K. , Garcia Pelaez J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Subduction zones are highly productive seismic sources both at the interface and within the slab, and have produced many of the highest-impact earthquakes throughout history. Several current probabilistic seismic hazard analyses model interface sources as faults with rates constrained by only seismicity or tectonics singularly, and intraslab sources as gridded points, sometimes smoothing rates according to former occurrences. Here, we propose a subduction source modelling methodology that improves on current standards for both source types. We use cross-sections of earthquake catalogues, focal mechanisms and geophysical models to define the locked subduction interface and slab volume, and to classify seismicity. We divide these geometries along-strike to impose segment boundaries. For the interface, we combine tectonic and seismicity components to assign occurrence properties, considering fault area, convergence rate and seismic coupling. We use ruptures that are confined to the slab volume to demarcate intraslab sources, enhancing their utility with ground motion prediction equations that use site-to-rupture distance. We demonstrate the proposed approach on the Nazca subduction zone of South America, validating the source model parameters against observed earthquakes and palaeoseismic information when available, and showing that the resulting magnitude–frequency distributions better fit the observed occurrences than traditional approaches.
Historical and geological evidence for the seventeenth-century tsunamis along Kuril and Japan trenches: implications for the origin of the AD 1611 Keicho earthquake and tsunami, and for the probable future risk potential
Authors: Tetsuka Hiroshi , Goto Kazuhisa , Ebina Yuichi , Sugawara Daisuke , Ishizawa Takashi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Historical documents indicate that the AD 1611 Keicho earthquake tsunami struck the Pacific coast of Tohoku, northern Japan. Meanwhile, geological records suggest that a large earthquake occurred along the Kuril Trench in the same century. Although historians and geologists have investigated the events intensively, understanding of those events remains insufficient because of limited evidence. As described herein, we suggest future research directions for the huge seventeenth-century tsunamis based on a comprehensive review of earlier works and simulation of the directivity of tsunamis. Our results suggest the possibility that one extremely large or two or three closely spaced large earthquakes and tsunamis occurred in a short time interval along the Kuril and Japan trenches. If this is the case, we must devote attention to the risk of a future occurrence of a Kuril Trench event because the situation after the AD 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami might be similar to the seventeenth-century events. The key research directions to clarify the seventeenth-century events are a careful review of historical documents during several decades after the AD 1611 earthquake and accurate constraint of the event age of tsunami deposits.
Undermining Glutaminolysis Bolsters Chemotherapy While NRF2 Promotes Chemoresistance in KRAS-Driven Pancreatic Cancers
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Suman , Goswami Debanjan , Adiseshaiah Pavan P. , Burgan William , Yi Ming , Guerin Theresa M. , Kozlov Serguei V. , Nissley Dwight V. , McCormick Frank 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a disease with limited therapeutic options. Resistance to chemotherapies poses a significant clinical challenge for patients with pancreatic cancer and contributes to a high rate of recurrence. Oncogenic KRAS, a critical driver of pancreatic cancer, promotes metabolic reprogramming and upregulates NRF2, a master regulator of the antioxidant network. Here, we show that NRF2 contributed to chemoresistance and was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. NRF2 activation metabolically rewired and elevated pathways involved in glutamine metabolism. This curbed chemoresistance in KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancers. In addition, manipulating glutamine metabolism restrained the assembly of stress granules, an indicator of chemoresistance. Glutaminase inhibitors sensitized chemoresistant pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine, thereby improving the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This therapeutic approach holds promise as a novel therapy for patients with pancreatic cancer harboring KRAS mutation.

Significance:
These findings illuminate the mechanistic features of KRAS-mediated chemoresistance and provide a rationale for exploiting metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer cells to confer therapeutic opportunities that could be translated into clinical trials.
Nudix Hydrolase NUDT16 Regulates 53BP1 Protein by Reversing 53BP1 ADP-Ribosylation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Lou Lihong , Peng Bo , Song Xiaotian , Reizes Ofer , Almasan Alexandru , Gong Zihua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
53BP1 controls two downstream subpathways, one mediated by PTIP and Artemis and the other by RIF1 and MAD2L2/Shieldin, to coordinate DNA repair pathway choices. However, the upstream regulator(s) of 53BP1 function in DNA repair remain unknown. We and others recently reported that TIRR associates with 53BP1 to stabilize it and prevents 53BP1 localization to DNA damage sites by blocking 53BP1 Tudor domain binding to H4K20me2 sites. Here, we report that the Nudix hydrolase NUDT16, a TIRR homolog, regulates 53BP1 stability. We identified a novel posttranslational modification of 53BP1 by ADP-ribosylation that is targeted by a PAR-binding E3 ubiquitin ligase, RNF146, leading to 53BP1 polyubiquitination and degradation. In response to DNA damage, ADP-ribosylated 53BP1 increased significantly, resulting in its ubiquitination and degradation. These data suggest that NUDT16 plays a major role in controlling 53BP1 levels under both normal growth conditions and during DNA damage. Notably, overexpression of a NUDT16 catalytically inactive mutant blocked 53BP1 localization to double-strand breaks because (i) the mutant binding to TIRR increased after IR; (ii) the mutant enhanced 53BP1 Tudor domain binding to TIRR, and (iii) the mutant impaired the interaction of 53BP1 Tudor domain with H4K20me2. Moreover, NUDT16's catalytic hydrolase activity was required for 53BP1 de–ADP-ribosylation, 53BP1 protein stability, and its function in cell survival. In summary, we demonstrate that NUDT16 regulates 53BP1 stability and 53BP1 recruitment at double-strand breaks, providing yet another mechanism of 53BP1 regulation.

Significance:
This study provides a novel mechanism of 53BP1 regulation by demonstrating that NUDT16 has hydrolase activities that remove ADP-ribosylation of 53BP1 to regulate 53BP1 stability and 53BP1 localization at DSBs.
A Bis-Indole–Derived NR4A1 Antagonist Induces PD-L1 Degradation and Enhances Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Karki Keshav , Wright Gus A. , Mohankumar Kumaravel , Jin Un-Ho , Zhang Xing-Han , Safe Stephen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

PD-L1 is expressed in tumor cells and its interaction with PD-1 plays an important role in evading immune surveillance; this can be overcome using PD-L1 or PD-1 immunotherapy antibodies. This study reports a novel approach for targeting PD-L1. In human breast cancer cell lines and 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cells, PD-L1 expression was regulated by the nuclear receptor NR4A1/Sp1 complex bound to the proximal germinal center (GC)-rich region of the PD-L1 gene promoter. Treatment of breast cancer cells with bis-indole–derived NR4A1 antagonists including 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methane (Cl-OCH3) decreased expression of PD-L1 mRNA, promoter-dependent luciferase activity, and protein. In in vivo studies using a syngeneic mouse model bearing orthotopically injected 4T1 cells, Cl-OCH3 decreased tumor growth and weight and inhibited lung metastasis. Cl-OCH3 also decreased expression of CD3+/CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and increased the Teff/Treg ratio. Therefore, the potent anticancer activities of NR4A1 antagonists are also accompanied by enhanced antitumor immunity in PD-L1–expressing triple-negative breast cancer and thus represent a novel class of drugs that mimic immunotherapy.

Significance:
These findings show that the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 controls PD-L1 expression and identify a chemical probe capable of disrupting this regulatory axis.