bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Single-Image 3D Reconstruction by Generative Modelling of Shape, Pose and Shading
Authors: Henderson Paul , Ferrari Vittorio 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present a unified framework tackling two problems: class-specific 3D reconstruction from a single image, and generation of new 3D shape samples. These tasks have received considerable attention recently; however, most existing approaches rely on 3D supervision, annotation of 2D images with keypoints or poses, and/or training with multiple views of each object instance. Our framework is very general: it can be trained in similar settings to existing approaches, while also supporting weaker supervision. Importantly, it can be trained purely from 2D images, without pose annotations, and with only a single view per instance. We employ meshes as an output representation, instead of voxels used in most prior work. This allows us to reason over lighting parameters and exploit shading information during training, which previous 2D-supervised methods cannot. Thus, our method can learn to generate and reconstruct concave object classes. We evaluate our approach in various settings, showing that: (i) it learns to disentangle shape from pose and lighting; (ii) using shading in the loss improves performance compared to just silhouettes; (iii) when using a standard single white light, our model outperforms state-of-the-art 2D-supervised methods, both with and without pose supervision, thanks to exploiting shading cues; (iv) performance improves further when using multiple coloured lights, even approaching that of state-of-the-art 3D-supervised methods; (v) shapes produced by our model capture smooth surfaces and fine details better than voxel-based approaches; and (vi) our approach supports concave classes such as bathtubs and sofas, which methods based on silhouettes cannot learn.
Sedimentological analyses of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Eocene carbonate successions in the Mateur–Beja area (NW of Tunisia): effects of tectonic regime on sedimentation
Authors: Belghouthi Fehmy , Zouari Achref , Zouari Hedi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The northwestern Tunisian Mateur–Beja domain comprises a thick succession of carbonate units belonging to the Late Cretaceous (Abiod Formation) and the Early Eocene times (Bou Dabbous Formation and its lateral equivalent). Sedimentological analyses were carried out on these sedimentary units with regard to their paleogeographic reconstructions. Three sections from the Upper Cretaceous and ten sections from the Lower Eocene successions were selected and correlated through the study area. The Upper Cretaceous Abiod Formation is composed of foraminiferal biomicrite limestones and marls deposited in outer platform to basin environments located slightly below storm wave base. The Lower Eocene carbonate successions are characterized by various storm-induced coarse- and fine-grained facies deposited in inner platform to basinal environments. Both carbonate units are characterized by significant lateral variations in thickness and facies. Close inspections show that thickness and facies variations were especially caused by synsedimentary major fault activity and locally by halokinetic movements. Comparison between the two studied units suggests that the changes of tectonic regime would have had significant impacts on thickness and facies distribution. Thus, the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Eocene carbonate deposits are interpreted in tectonically controlled basins.
Hydrogeochemistry as a Tool for Platinum Group Element (PGE) Exploration – A Case Study from Sittampundi Anorthosite Complex, Southern India
Authors: Balaram Vysetti , Satyanarayanan Manavalan , Anabarasu Kuppan , Rao Denduluri Venkata Subba , Ali Mohammed Dar , Kamala Chigullarevu Tirumala , Charan Subramaniam Nirmal 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of surface and ground water for exploration of platinum group elements (PGE) has been studied in the Sittampundi anorthosite complex, Tamil Nadu, south India, where PGE mineralization is known to occur in basic and ultrabasic rocks. Groundwater interacting with mineralized rocks creates a geochemical signature which can be linked to the occurrence and distribution of PGE, especially Pd because of its leachability and relatively high mobility in aqueous environment. Forty surface and ground water samples collected from the area were analyzed for PGE and several other major, minor and trace elements using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS) to investigate the distribution patterns of individual PGE and other elements for the purpose of evaluating the utility of hydrogeochemistry as a tool for PGE exploration studies. Ground and surface water chemistry reflected the chemical composition of host lithology, particularly the basic-ultrabasic rocks of the region, with the dispersion of PGE and high anomalous concentrations of Pd, Ru and Rh along with several other metals such as Zn, V, Cr and Ni indicating PGE mineralization. The results of this study suggest that groundwater chemistry has significant potential as a PGE exploration tool with advantages such as rapid and low-cost sampling, high contrast anomalies and a uniform sampling medium.
Mapping of Structural Lineaments and Fracture Zones around the Central Indian Ridge (10°S - 21°S) using EIGEN 6C4 Bouguer Gravity Data
Authors: Sahoo Soumyashree Debasis , Pal S. K. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study is to map the structural lineaments and fracture zone around the Central Indian Ridge (10°S - 21°S) using EIGEN 6C4 Bouguer gravity data. This would help to better understand the evolution of the Indian Ocean Triple Junction (IOTJ), Central Indian Ridge (CIR) and the Ocean floor in the vicinity. In this study, a comparison of three different edge detection techniques have been made to validate the TAHG (tilt angle of total horizontal gradient) and the THVH (Tilt angle of vertical derivative of total horizontal gradient) edge detection techniques over the rudimentary total horizontal derivative (THD) technique. Synthetic model study was performed considering the major problems of the standard edge detection process. Results of the three edge detection techniques were compared critically and validated with the satellite-derived EIGEN 6C4 Bouguer gravity data. The lineaments exhibit NE-SW and NNW-SSE trends over the ocean. The NE-SW trend represents the current spreading direction of the CIR (Central Indian Ridge), whereas NNW-SSE trend representing the lineaments formed due to ridge jump during magnetic anomaly 20 and 18.
Reappraisal on Depositional Environments of Glaciogenic Talchir Sediments around Savarla Village from Bandar Basin, Chandrapur District, Central India
Authors: Murkute Y.A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The present study brings out the reappraisal of mode of depositional conditions of the Talchir sediments from Savarla village of Bandar Basin, Chandrapur district of Maharashtra. These sediments correspond to four lithofacies namely, (i) basal massive diamictite (bmd), (ii) stratified diamictite and sandstones (sds), (iii) medium- to fine-grained sandstones (mfs) and (iv) siltstones-shale. The bmd facies characterizing laterally discontinuous, unstratified and matrix- to clast-supported sediments represent the continental tills. The sds facies corresponding to melting of glaciers at outwash plains reveal the decrease in the boulder and cobble clasts and increase in pebble clasts. The mfs facies associated with the very thin, fine-grained sand and varves represent glacio-lacustrine depositional conditions with suitably developed still water bodies and even ice-dammed lakes. The petrographic characteristics of these sediments, which bring out textural immaturity and depiction of QFR triangular diagram, divulge interior type of continental block provenance with cold-arid palaeoclimate. The microtextures like high relief, conchoidal breakage pattern, arc shaped steps, semi parallel steps, globular protuberances as well as striations along with ‘v’ shaped indentations noted from SEM photomicrograph clearly point out towards the glaciogenetic influence.
Glossopteris Flora from Barren Measures, Pranhita–Godavari Basin, India
Authors: Chopparapu Chinnappa , Annamraju Rajanikanth , Pillai S. Suresh Kumar , Kavali Pauline Sabina 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The present study is on a well preserved leafy impression of Glossopteris flora which includes Glossopteris communis, G. indica, G. intermedia, G. intermittens, G. longicaulis, G. stenoneura, G. tenufolia, Glossopteris sp., Gangamopteris cyclopteris and Noeggerathiopsis hislopii from Barren Measures of Pranhita–Godavari basin, east coast of India. The present report is a maiden attempt to record Glossopteris floral elements from Ankusapur otherwise known for ‘Upper Gondwanan’ Early Cretaceous plant fossil records. The present study and previous studies suggests that Glossopteris leaves in upper Barakar Formation maintained the Glossopteris flora in the sediments of Barren Measures. The flora is similar to that of the upper Permian of the Raniganj Formation of Damodar basin and the Kamthi of Mahanadi basin. The sedimentological and low plant fossil assemblages are in congruence with drier and more arid climates prevailed during the late Permian. The presence of red beds and absence of coal in the Barren Measures of India, is probably linked to the drier and arid climate.
Stochastic modelling of spatial variability of petrophysical properties in parts of the Niger Delta Basin, southern Nigeria
Authors: Ebong Ebong D. , Akpan Anthony E. , Ekwok Stephen E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThree-dimensional models of petrophysical properties were constructed using stochastic methods to reduce ambiguities associated with estimates for which data is limited to well locations alone. The aim of this study is to define accurate and efficient petrophysical property models that best characterize reservoirs in the Niger Delta Basin at well locations and predicting their spatial continuities elsewhere within the field. Seismic data and well log data were employed in this study. Petrophysical properties estimated for both reservoirs range between 0.15 and 0.35 for porosity, 0.27 and 0.30 for water saturation, and 0.10 and 0.25 for shale volume. Variogram modelling and calculations were performed to guide the distribution of petrophysical properties outside wells, hence, extending their spatial variability in all directions. Transformation of pillar grids of reservoir properties using sequential Gaussian simulation with collocated cokriging algorithm yielded equiprobable petrophysical models. Uncertainties in petrophysical property predictions were performed and visualized based on three realizations generated for each property. The results obtained show reliable approximations of the geological continuity of petrophysical property estimates over the entire geospace.
Numeralität – eine unterschätzte Domäne der Grundbildung?
Authors: Grotlüschen Anke , Buddeberg Klaus , Kaiser Gabriele 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag werden Begriffe und Forschungsstand zur Numeralität Erwachsener systematisierend zusammengestellt. Die Befunde und Theorien sind nach ihrem Bezug zum deutschsprachigen Diskurs der Erwachsenenbildung ausgewählt und zugleich in einen historischen Kontext, aber auch in den internationalen Diskurs eingebettet. Viele jüngere Befunde erweitern den Ansatz von Jean Lave dahingehend, dass sich Numeralität durch eine hohe Relevanz von Faustregeln und Schätzungen sowie durch weniger formale Vorgehensweisen von der Schulmathematik unterscheidet. Numeralität wird deshalb oft nicht als Mathematik verstanden und bleibt eher unsichtbar. Hinter numeralen Praktiken stehen zudem gesellschaftliche Machtverhältnisse. Auch die Durchsetzung eigener Interessen basiert auf Numeralität – etwa bei finanzieller Grundbildung, im Gesundheitssystem oder bei der Nutzung statistischer Daten. Nicht zuletzt gehen numerale Kompetenzen und Praktiken mit besseren Lebensumständen einher.
Secret Key Rate Adaption for Multicarrier Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Gyongyosi Laszlo , Imre Sandor 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA multicarrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol uses Gaussian subcarrier quantum continuous variables (CVs) for the transmission. Here, we define an iterative error-minimizing secret key adaption method for multicarrier CVQKD. The proposed method allows for the parties to reach a given target secret key rate with minimized error rate through the Gaussian sub-channels by a sub-channel adaption procedure. The adaption algorithm iteratively determines the optimal transmit conditions to achieve the target secret key rate and the minimal error rate over the sub-channels. The solution requires no complex calculations or computational tools, allowing for easy implementation for experimental scenarios.
Protecting Industry 4.0: challenges and solutions as IT, OT and IP converge
Authors: Heritage Ian 
Published: October 2019

Britain may not be the manufacturing powerhouse it once was. But the industry still contributes a healthy £275bn annually to the national economy, represents 69% of R&D and employs over 2.7 million people. 1 As in other leading manufacturing nations, technology systems are a key enabler of growth. Yet the convergence of IT and operational technology (OT), especially via the Internet of Things (IoT), presents new risks as well as potential gains. The convergence of IT and operational technology (OT), especially via the Internet of Things (IoT), presents new risks as well as potential gains. The advent of the smart factory and Industry 4.0 represents a new front in the war on cyberthreats. In this hi-tech manufacturing environment, attackers have many opportunities to sabotage and hijack processes as well as steal lucrative data. It's a unique challenge that will demand a response combining best practice security controls, end user education and compliance with industry standards, explains Ian Heritage of Trend Micro UK.
Cyber security attacks on robotic platforms
Authors: Bhardwaj Akashdeep , Avasthi Vinay , Goundar Sam 
Published: October 2019

Robotic technology has been rapidly transforming world economies in terms of business productivity and profitability. The market is shifting towards optimisation and automation – not just for the warehousing and manufacturing sectors, but even non-industrial areas such as defence, farming, hospitals, offices and even schools. The availability of open source platforms, falling hardware and electronics prices, prompt prototyping and convergence of technologies are some of the major reasons for this new revolution. However, cyber security and physical threats are high-priority areas when critical applications and missions are involved. Robotic technology has been rapidly transforming world economies in terms of business productivity and profitability. However, security threats are not always top of mind. Open source platforms, falling hardware and electronics prices and fast prototyping are some of the reasons for this new revolution. Cyber security and physical threats are high-priority areas when critical applications and missions are involved. Dr Akashdeep Bhardwaj, Dr Vinay Avasthi and Dr Sam Goundar analyse the threats to robotic systems and map the CIA model to boost security resilience.
Feasibility of ovine and synthetic temporal bone models for simulation training in endoscopic ear surgery
Authors: Okhovat S , Milner T D , Iyer A 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveComparing the feasibility of ovine and synthetic temporal bones for simulating endoscopic ear surgery against the ‘gold standard’ of human cadaveric tissue.MethodsA total of 10 candidates (5 trainees and 5 experts) performed endoscopic tympanoplasty on 3 models: Pettigrew temporal bones, ovine temporal bones and cadaveric temporal bones. Candidates completed a questionnaire assessing the face validity, global content validity and task-specific content validity of each model.ResultsRegarding ovine temporal bone validity, the median values were 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for face validity, 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for global content validity and 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for task-specific content validity. For the Pettigrew temporal bone, the median values were 3.5 (interquartile range = 2.25–4) for face validity, 3 (interquartile range = 2.75–3) for global content validity and 3 (interquartile range = 2.5–3) for task-specific content validity. The ovine temporal bone was considered significantly superior to the Pettigrew temporal bone for the majority of validity categories assessed.ConclusionTympanoplasty is feasible in both the ovine temporal bone and the Pettigrew temporal bone. However, the ovine model was a significantly more realistic simulation tool.
Loneliness and depression dissociated on parietal-centered networks in cognitive and resting states
Authors: Shao Robin , Liu Ho-Ling , Huang Chih-Mao , Chen Yao-Liang , Gao Mengxia , Lee Shwu-Hua , Lin Chemin , Lee Tatia M. C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPerceived loneliness, an increasingly prevalent social issue, is closely associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neural mechanisms previously implicated in key cognitive and affective processes in loneliness and MDD still remain unclear. Such understanding is critical for delineating the psychobiological basis of the relationship between loneliness and MDD.MethodsWe isolated the unique and interactive cognitive and neural substrates of loneliness and MDD among 27 MDD patients (mean age = 51.85 years, 20 females), and 25 matched healthy controls (HCs; mean age = 48.72 years, 19 females). We assessed participants' behavioral performance and neural regional and network functions on a Stroop color-word task, and their resting-state neural connectivity.ResultsBehaviorally, we found greater incongruence-related accuracy cost in MDD patients, but reduced incongruence effect on reaction time in lonelier individuals. When performing the Stroop task, loneliness positively predicted prefrontal-anterior cingulate-parietal connectivity across all participants, whereas MDD patients showed a decrease in connectivity compared to controls. Furthermore, loneliness negatively predicted parietal and cerebellar activities in MDD patients, but positively predicted the same activities in HCs. During resting state, MDD patients showed reduced parietal-anterior cingulate connectivity, which again positively correlated with loneliness in this group.ConclusionsWe speculate the distinct neurocognitive profile of loneliness might indicate increase in both bottom-up attention and top-down executive control functions. However, the upregulated cognitive control processes in lonely individuals may eventually become exhausted, which may in turn predispose to MDD onset.
Towards personalising treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of face-to-face efficacy moderators of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for major depressive disorder
Authors: Whiston Aoife , Bockting Claudi L. H. , Semkovska Maria 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundConsistent evidence suggests that face-to-face cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) may be equally effective depression treatments. Current clinical research focuses on detecting the best predictors-moderators of efficacy to guide treatment personalisation. However, individual moderator studies show inconsistent findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of CBT and IPT, including combined treatment with antidepressants for depression, and evaluate the predictive power of demographic, clinical presentation and treatment characteristics moderators for both therapies.MethodsPsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Library were systematically searched through December 2017 for studies that have assessed individuals with major depression receiving either CBT or IPT in a face-to-face format both at pre- and post-treatment. Random-effects moderator meta-analyses were conducted.ResultsIn total 168 samples from 137 studies including 11 374 participants qualified for the meta-analytic review. CBT and IPT were equally effective across all but one prespecified moderators. For psychotherapy delivered without concomitant antidepressant treatment [antidepressant medications (ADMs)], CBT was superior to IPT (g = 1.68, Qbetweenp = 0.037). Within-CBT moderator analyses showed that increased CBT efficacy was associated with lower age, high initial depression severity, individual format of administration and no adjunctive ADMs. Within-IPT analyses showed comparable efficacy across all moderators.ConclusionsClinical guidance around combined treatment (psychotherapy plus ADMs) should be reconsidered. CBT alone is superior to IPT alone and to combined treatment, while IPT alone is non-inferior to combined treatment. More research is needed to assess the moderating effect of older age and number of previous episodes on IPT efficacy.
Testing explanatory models of the interplay between depression, neuroticism, and stressful life events: a dynamic trait-stress generation approach
Authors: Goldstein Brandon L. , Perlman Greg , Eaton Nicholas R. , Kotov Roman , Klein Daniel N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundClassic conceptual frameworks explaining the relationship of personality traits to depression include the precursor and predisposition models. The former hypothesizes that depression is predicted by traits alone whereas the latter hypothesizes that stress, together with personality, predicts depression. Dynamic vulnerability models (DVM) expand on these perspectives by incorporating fluctuations in personality over time. The stress generation model provides an alternative view, positing that depression generates stress, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. However, these conceptual models are rarely directly compared.MethodWe tested these models, focusing on neuroticism and stressful life events that the participant may have contributed to, using path analysis in a sample of 550 never-depressed, adolescent females assessed five times over 3 years.ResultsA dynamic precursor model with stress generation was best supported. For the precursor component, neuroticism predicted subsequent depression across four assessment intervals. For the dynamic trait component, stressful life events predicted subsequent neuroticism at three of four intervals. Finally, in line with stress generation, depression consistently predicted subsequent stressful life events, and life events then predicted depression.ConclusionsFinding support for the DVM is noteworthy, as this is the first comprehensive test of this model. Moreover, results supported integrating stress generation with trait vulnerability. Continued use of integrated approaches and refining the statistical implementation of these theories is necessary to advance understanding of the development of depression.
A representation of proper BC domains based on conjunctive sequent calculi
Authors: Wang Longchun , Li Qingguo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe build a logical system named a conjunctive sequent calculus which is a conjunctive fragment of the classical propositional sequent calculus in the sense of proof theory. We prove that a special class of formulae of a consistent conjunctive sequent calculus forms a bounded complete continuous domain without greatest element (for short, a proper BC domain), and each proper BC domain can be obtained in this way. More generally, we present conjunctive consequence relations as morphisms between consistent conjunctive sequent calculi and build a category which is equivalent to that of proper BC domains with Scott-continuous functions. A logical characterization of purely syntactic form for proper BC domains is obtained.