bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glyphosate selection of maize transformants containing CP4epsps gene
Authors: Nitovska I. O. , Morgun B. V. , Abraimova O. Ye. , Satarova T. M. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study the selection conditions of maize transformants containing the CP4epsps gene using glyphosate as a selective agent. Methods. Tissue culture in vitro, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, selection of transgenic plants, isolation of total plant DNA, analysis of plant DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. The morphogenic maize callus of immature embryos of the hybrid (PLS61)R2×PLS61 was produced, which had a high regeneration rate (up to 95%), that persisted over long cultivation. Agrobacterium mediated transformation of the morphogenic callus and selection of the transgenic material using glyphosate yielded maize transformants containing the CP4epsps gene at a frequency of 1%. Conclusions. Maize genotype (PLS61)R2×PLS61 is promising for studies on the maize genetic transformation, in particular for the production of transgenic maize resistant to glyphosate herbicide. The use of morphogenic maize callus (PLS61)R2×PLS61 and glyphosate as a selective agent at a concentration of 0.1 mM and 0.25 mM in media for callusogenesis and 0.01 mM in the medium for regeneration was effective for the selection of transgenic plants with the gene CP4epsps.
Keywords: Zea mays L., morphogenic callus, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, PCR, genetic engineering.
In vitro screening of promising winter common wheat lines for tolerance to water deficit
Authors: Pykalo S. V. , Demydov O. A. , Yurchenko T. V. , Prokopik N. I. , Humeniuk O. V. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To conduct in vitro screening of promising winter common wheat lines for tolerance to water deficit by direct selection and using low molecular mannitol. Methods. Plant tissue culture methods, in vitro selection, statistical evaluation. Results. Genotypic responses to osmotic stress in in vitro culture of wheat manifesting by different highest survival rate and different regenerative ability under the action of a stress factor. It was established that the concentration of 0.6 M mannitol to differentiate wheat genotypes for water deficit. It was found that the most resistant to osmotic stress was the line Erytrospermum 60068 because its calli under selective conditions had the highest survival rate, different highest regeneration potential and only from explants of this genotype after cultivation on the medium containing mannitol concentration of 0.8 M regenerated plants were obtained. The line Liutestsens 60100 was most susceptible to water deficit because in its calli, under selective conditions, mass necrosis and lack of regenerative ability were observed. Conclusions. The line Erytrospermum 60068 can be used as a valuable material for further breeding of wheat. The obtained results are definite contribution to the study of both theoretical and practical aspects of wheat drought tolerance and can be used as elements of breeding programs.
Keywords: winter common wheat, osmotic stress, tolerance, callus.
History of Ukrainian selection at learning in the discipline 'Biology and ecology' in the old school
Authors: Borodina K. I. , Kmets A. M. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. The article deals with the use of elements of historicism in teaching the course of biology. The expediency of using the historical material in the educational process in order to increase interest in biology and promote the improvement of the quality of knowledge of students, the formation of scientific outlook, and the upbringing of students. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, modelling. Results. Tasks with historical content can be used at different stages of learning: during updating the basic knowledge of students, setting goals and objectives of the lesson, explaining new material, consolidating, repeating and verifying students’ knowledge, generalizing and systematizing historical and scientific knowledge in biology, for the organization home and independent work. Specific examples cover the forms and means of using historical material in the study of biological cycle subjects. Conclusions. The factors contributing to improving the quality of students’ knowledge in the process of using historical material in the study of biology are established. Methods of using this material during conducting studies on biology have been determined in order to promote the im-provement of the quality of assimilation of relevant biological concepts.
Keywords: historical material, biology, means, forms, factors, methodical techniques.
La fabrique de la musique. Des processus créateurs à la médiation des musiques
Authors: Ravet Hyacinthe 
Published: October 2020

Comment appréhender la fabrication de la musique lorsque l’on cherche à la médier ? En quoi l’identification des différent·e·s acteur·rice·s qui participent à l’élaboration d’une oeuvre donne-t-elle une prise sur ce qu’est une « oeuvre » et ce qu’elle représente pour qui la reçoit ? Comment peut se situer un·e médiateur·rice dans cette activité de création, passée ou présente ? Cet article pose la médiation comme une activité partie prenante des processus créateurs en jeu.
«Tout le monde a le droit de goûter à l’opéra ! ». Portrait du médiateur Pierre Vachon
Authors: Rouleau Héloïse 
Published: October 2020

Longtemps directeur des communications et du marketing à l’Opéra de Montréal, Pierre Vachon se donne depuis le début de son parcours pour mission « d’ouvrir un dialogue » entre les publics et l’opéra. Mobilisé depuis trois ans à la direction du nouveau département d’action communautaire et éducative du même organisme, il fait converger ses activités de marketing et de communication vers la médiation de la musique. Ses objectifs passent du développement de marché au développement humain et lui permettent de toucher une plus grande diversité de publics. Le présent entretien vise à mettre en lumière sa pratique professionnelle en explorant le point de vue d’un praticien sur la médiation de la musique. Incursion dans son univers et dans celui de la médiation de la musique à l’Opéra de Montréal.
A 14 immune-related gene signature predicts clinical outcomes of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Zou Yong , Hu Chuan 
Published: October 2020

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the leading cause of kidney cancer-related deaths. Currently, there are no studies in tumor immunology investigating the use of signatures as a predictor of overall survival in KIRC patients. Our study attempts to establish an immune-related gene risk signature to predict clinical outcomes in KIRC. A total of 528 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were included in our analysis and randomly divided into training (n = 315) and testing sets (n = 213). We collected 1,534 immune-related genes from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal as candidates to construct our signature. LASSO-COX was used to find gene models with the highest predictive ability. We used survival and Cox analysis to test the model’s independent prognostic ability. Univariate analysis identified 650 immune-related genes with prognostic abilities. After 1,000 iterations, we choose 14 of the most frequent and stable immune-related genes as our signature. We found that the signature was associated with M stage, T stage, and pathological staging. More importantly, the signature can independently predict clinical prognosis in KIRC patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed an association between our signature and critical metabolism pathways. Our research established a model based upon 14 immune-related genes that predicted the prognosis of KIRC patients based on tumor immune microenvironments.
Expression of the Autoantigen Topoisomerase‐1 is Enriched in the Lung Tissues of Patients With Autoimmune Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Control Study
Authors: Cottrell Tricia R. , Askin Frederic , Halushka Marc K. , Casciola‐Rosen Livia , McMahan Zsuzsanna H. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundAmong the autoimmune rheumatic diseases, it is striking that autoantibodies targeting ubiquitously expressed proteins (eg, topoisomerase‐1) associate with specific clinical complications (eg, interstitial lung disease [ILD]). It has been proposed that enriched antigen expression in inflamed target tissue may play a role in focusing the autoimmune response. We sought to determine whether topoisomerase‐1 expression is enriched in lungs from patients with autoimmune/inflammatory diseases relative to normal lung.MethodsWe used a 99‐core lung tissue microarray (TMA) containing lung tissue from 40 patients with autoimmune inflammatory ILD (cases) and 46 control subjects with normal lungs. We stained the TMA with antibodies to compare topoisomerase‐1 and CD8 expression between patients and control subjects and evaluated whether expression is enriched in specific cell types. Staining was analyzed, and statistical comparisons were performed.ResultsCases were more likely to have global topoisomerase‐1 expression (53% vs 21%; P = 0.003), specifically in pneumocytes (47% vs 16%; P = 0.003) and stromal/immune cells (32% vs 5%; P = 0.002) compared with control subjects. CD8 cell density (223 cells/mm2 vs 102 cells/mm2; P = 0.018) was significantly higher in topoisomerase‐1–positive lung tissues compared with topoisomerase‐1–negative lung tissues. Interestingly, topoisomerase‐1 expression was significantly more common in scleroderma compared with normal lung (67% vs 21%; P = 0.036) and was present more frequently in pneumocytes in these patients (67% vs 16%; P = 0.018).ConclusionsPulmonary expression of topoisomerase‐1 is increased in the setting of autoimmune ILD relative to normal lung, specifically in pneumocytes. This may contribute to the amplification of pulmonary disease in patients with scleroderma with a loss of tolerance to topoisomerase‐1.
Asymmetric Oxidative Mannich Reactions
Authors: Rostoll‐Berenguer Jaume , Blay Gonzalo , Pedro José R. , Vila Carlos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe asymmetric Mannich reaction is one of the most straightforward methodologies for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral amines. In general, asymmetric Mannich reactions involve the use of imines as electrophiles. However, in recent years, several asymmetric oxidative Mannich reactions have been reported using amines as electrophiles. This review provides an overview of these recent publications, including the different oxidants used and the scope and limitations of the different catalytic systems.magnified image
Different Approaches to Develop Nanosensors for Diagnosis of Diseases
Authors: Arndt Nina , Tran Huong D. N. , Zhang Run , Xu Zhi Ping , Ta Hang T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe success of clinical treatments is highly dependent on early detection and much research has been conducted to develop fast, efficient, and precise methods for this reason. Conventional methods relying on nonspecific and targeting probes are being outpaced by so‐called nanosensors. Over the last two decades a variety of activatable sensors have been engineered, with a great diversity concerning the operating principle. Therefore, this review delineates the achievements made in the development of nanosensors designed for diagnosis of diseases.
Red blood cell transfusion does not increase risk of venous or arterial thrombosis during hospitalization
Authors: Baumann Kreuziger Lisa , Edgren Gustaf , Hauser Ronald George , Zaccaro Daniel , Kiss Joseph , Westlake Matt , Brambilla Donald , Mast Alan E. ,   the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐III (REDS‐III)
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrevious observational studies suggest associations between red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and risk for arterial or venous thrombosis. We determined the association between thrombosis and RBC transfusion in hospitalized patients using the Recipient Database from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐III. A thrombotic event was a hospitalization with an arterial or venous thrombosis ICD‐9 code and administration of a therapeutic anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent. Patients with history of thrombosis or a thrombosis within 24 hours of admission were excluded. A proportional hazards regression model with time‐dependent covariates was calculated. Estimates were adjusted for age, sex, hospital, smoking, medical comorbidities, and surgical procedures. Of 657 412 inpatient admissions, 67 176 (10.2%) received at least one RBC transfusion. Two percent (12927) of patients experienced a thrombosis. Of these, 2587 developed thrombosis after RBC transfusion. In unadjusted analyses, RBC transfusion was associated with an increased thrombosis risk [HR = 1.3 (95% CI 1.23‐1.36)]. After adjustment for surgical procedures, age, sex, hospital, and comorbidities, no association between RBC transfusion on risk of venous and arterial thrombosis was found [HR 1.0 (95% CI: 0.96‐1.05)]. Thus, RBC transfusion does not appear to be an important risk factor for thrombosis in most hospitalized patients.
Recent Advances in Reductive Desymmetrization of Diketones
Authors: Ding Yi‐Xuan , Zhu Zhou‐Hao , Yu Chang‐Bin , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReductive desymmetrization of achiral or meso diketones has attracted considerable attention due to these motifs which play important roles in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals and functional materials. This review focuses on recent advances in homogeneous reductive desymmetrization of 1,2‐, 1,3‐ and 1,4‐diketones, which provides an efficient and practical access to structurally diverse chiral α‐, β‐ or γ‐hydroxy ketone derivatives.
Effect of Particle Wettability and Particle Concentration on the Enzymatic Dehydration of n‐Octanaloxime in Pickering Emulsions
Authors: Bago Rodriguez Ana Maria , Schober Lukas , Hinzmann Alessa , Gröger Harald , Binks Bernard P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPickering emulsion systems have emerged as platforms for the synthesis of organic molecules in biphasic biocatalysis. Herein, the catalytic performance was evaluated for biotransformation using whole cells exemplified for the dehydration of n‐octanaloxime to n‐octanenitrile catalysed by an aldoxime dehydratase (OxdB) overexpressed in E. coli. This study was carried out in Pickering emulsions stabilised solely with silica particles of different hydrophobicity. We correlate, for the first time, the properties of the emulsions with the conversion of the reaction, thus gaining an insight into the impact of the particle wettability and particle concentration. When comparing two emulsions of different type with similar stability and droplet diameter, the oil‐in‐water (o/w) system displayed a higher conversion than the water‐in‐oil (w/o) system, despite the conversion in both cases being higher than that in a “classic” two‐phase system. Furthermore, an increase in particle concentration prior to emulsification resulted in an increase of the interfacial area and hence a higher conversion.
Distinguishing serial homologs from novel traits: Experimental limitations and ideas for improvements
Authors: Monteiro Antónia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne of the central but yet unresolved problems in evolutionary biology concerns the origin of novel complex traits. One hypothesis is that complex traits derive from pre‐existing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) reused and modified to specify a novel trait somewhere else in the body. This simple explanation encounters problems when the novel trait that emerges in a body is in a region that is known to harbor a latent or repressed trait that has been silent for millions of years. Is the novel trait merely a re‐emerged de‐repressed trait or a truly novel trait that emerged via a novel deployment of an old GRN? A couple of new studies sided on opposite sides of this question when investigating the origin of horns in dung beetles and helmets in treehoppers that develop in the first thoracic segment (T1) of their bodies, a segment known to harbor a pair of repressed/modified wings in close relatives. Here, I point to some key limitations of the experimental approaches used and highlight additional experiments that could be done in future to resolve the developmental origin of these and other traits.
Mitochondria metabonomics of Huangqi Jianzhong Tang against chronic atrophic gastritis
Authors: Zhang Dong , Chen Liang , Qin XueMei , Liu YueTao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHuangqi Jianzhong Tang (HQJZ) is a representative prescription used for clinical treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in Chinese medicine. Our previous study had revealed that energy regulation was one of the important mechanisms of HQJZ action against CAG. In this study, ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐Exactive mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive MS) based metabonomics was used to find the potential mitochondrial biomarkers and metabolic pathways of HQJZ in CAG rats, which focused on a specific organelle (mitochondria) isolated from gastric tissue samples. A total of 16 biomarkers from CAG tissues were identified with 11 of these significantly regulated by HQJZ treatment. These biomarkers was mainly involved in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis metabolism; and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. Our results show that HQJZ could protect from CAG by altering the mitochondrial function. These findings deepen our understanding of the mitochondrial metabolic changes that occur with CAG and shine a light on the mechanism of HQJZ.
Stability‐indicating method for the novel antifungal compound RI76: Characterization and in vitro antifungal activity of its active degradation product
Authors: Franco Pedro Henrique Cavalcanti , Vieira Júlia Geraldi , Ramos Cristina Alves de Oliveira , Johann Susana , de Oliveira Renata Barbosa , César Isabela Costa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRI76 is a novel 2‐thiazolylhydrazone compound with reported antifungal activity. In preclinical drug development, it is fundamental to know the impurity profile and to understand degradation mechanisms of the molecule. In our study, RI76 was subjected to forced degradation conditions, and a stability‐indicating HPLC‐DAD method was developed and validated. Separation was carried out on a C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm) maintained at 40°C using a 1 mL/min flow rate of 2 mM ammonium acetate with 0.1% formic acid (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile in gradient mode. The method was linear in the range of 0.7–91 μg/mL for RI76 and 0.7–25 μg/mL for its degradation product PD76. The formation of a major degradation product was quickly observed when RI76 was in aqueous solution. The chemical structure of this product, named PD76, was proposed based on LC‐UV‐MS experiments, synthesized in‐house, and confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and chromatographic analysis. In vitro antifungal activity assays demonstrated that this resultant product shows a promising activity against clinically important Candida and Cryptococcus strains, matching or surpassing the activity of its precursor and of well‐established antifungal drugs.
Enhancement of Biodiesel Production from Chicken Fat Using MgO and MgO@Na2O Nanocatalysts
Authors: Bahador Fariba , Foroutan Rauf , Nourafkan Ehsan , Peighambardoust Seyed Jamaleddin , Esmaeili Hossein 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBiodiesel was produced from chicken fat in the presence of MgO and MgO@Na2O nanocatalysts via transesterification. The characteristics of MgO and MgO@Na2O were examined using various analyses, including BET specific surface areas, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy/mapping scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The maximum yields of biodiesel production using MgO and MgO@Na2O nano‐catalysts were 95.17 and 95.22 %, respectively, which are significant biodiesel yields. 1H NMR analysis was used to determine the molecular structure of the chicken fat oil and the produced biodiesel. Furthermore, the reusability of the catalysts was examined for up to six steps, showing that both catalysts can be used for up to four steps in biodiesel production.
Millennials' adoption of personal financial management (PFM) technology and financial behavior
Authors: Walsh Brian , Lim HanNa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper uses the Technology Acceptance Model to analyze the factors associated with personal financial management technology (PFM) adoption among millennials and extends the analysis to understand how PFM adoption is associated with financial behavior. Data from the 2018 National Financial Capability Study was used for this analysis. Evidence suggests that millennials engaging in digital side hustles, such as Uber or Lyft, are significantly more likely to adopt PFM technology. Individuals experiencing higher financial pressure or exhibiting higher financial confidence are more likely to adopt PFM technology. After extending the analysis to include financial behavior, heavy adopters of PFM technology are more likely to own an emergency fund, payoff their credit card in full every month, own a retirement account, own an investment account, save for retirement, and own a will. Surprisingly, heavy adopters of PFM are also more likely to spend more than they earn and experience overdrafts.
Dose‐escalation study of vemurafenib with sorafenib or crizotinib in patients with BRAF‐mutated advanced cancers
Authors: Janku Filip , Sakamuri Divya , Kato Shumei , Huang Helen J. , Call S. Greg , Naing Aung , Holley Veronica R. , Patel Sapna P. , Amaria Rodabe N. , Falchook Gerald S. , Piha‐Paul Sarina A. , Zinner Ralph G. , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Hong David S. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundBRAF inhibitors are effective in melanoma and other cancers with BRAF mutations; however, patients ultimately develop therapeutic resistance through the activation of alternative signaling pathways such as RAF/RAS or MET. The authors hypothesized that combining the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib with either the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib or the MET inhibitor crizotinib could overcome therapeutic resistance.METHODSPatients with advanced cancers and BRAF mutations were enrolled in a dose‐escalation study (3 + 3 design) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) of vemurafenib with sorafenib (VS) or vemurafenib with crizotinib (VC).ResultsIn total, 38 patients (VS, n = 24; VC, n = 14) were enrolled, and melanoma was the most represented tumor type (VS, 38%; VC, 64%). In the VS arm, vemurafenib 720 mg twice daily and sorafenib 400 mg am/200 mg pm were identified as the MTDs, DLTs included grade 3 rash (n = 2) and grade 3 hypertension, and partial responses were reported in 5 patients (21%), including 2 with ovarian cancer who had received previous treatment with BRAF, MEK, or ERK inhibitors. In the VC arm, vemurafenib 720 mg twice daily and crizotinib 250 mg daily were identified as the MTDs, DLTs included grade 3 rash (n = 2), and partial responses were reported in 4 patients (29%; melanoma, n = 3; lung adenocarcinoma, n = 1) who had received previous treatment with BRAF, MEK, and/or ERK inhibitors. Optional longitudinal collection of plasma to assess dynamic changes in circulating tumor DNA demonstrated the elimination of BRAF‐mutant DNA from plasma during therapy (P = .005).ConclusionsVemurafenib combined with sorafenib or crizotinib was well tolerated with encouraging activity, including among patients who previously received treatment with BRAF, MEK, or ERK inhibitors.