bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOXO1 and FOXO3 transcription factors have unique functions in meniscus development and homeostasis during aging and osteoarthritis
Authors: Lee Kwang Il , Choi Sungwook , Matsuzaki Tokio , Alvarez-Garcia Oscar , Olmer Merissa , Grogan Shawn P. , D’Lima Darryl D. , Lotz Martin K. 
Published: January 2020

SignificanceMeniscus damage is a common musculoskeletal injury and a major risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (OA). An important knowledge gap exists about meniscus cell homeostasis mechanisms and how their impairment contributes to meniscus pathology following trauma and in aging. Forkhead Box O (FoxO) transcription factors are essential regulators of cellular homeostasis. We performed analysis of expression patterns and function of FoxO in human and mouse menisci. Our results show that FoxOs are suppressed in degenerated meniscus and that FoxO1 regulates meniscus growth and maturation, while both FoxO1 and 3 have protective functions in meniscus during aging and OA. These discoveries provide insight into mechanisms of meniscus degeneration and targets for therapeutic intervention.
Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by interleukin 6
Authors: Han Myoung Sook , White Alexis , Perry Rachel J. , Camporez Joao-Paulo , Hidalgo Juan , Shulman Gerald I. , Davis Roger J. 
Published: January 2020

Significance
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key driver of metabolic syndrome. This inflammatory response is mediated by immune-cell infiltration and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. IL6 is implicated in this response, but the physiological role of IL6 signaling is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the source of IL6 influences the nature of the inflammatory response. We report that IL6 secreted by myeloid cells inhibits adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) accumulation by a canonical signaling mechanism, but IL6 secreted by adipocytes or muscle promotes ATM accumulation by a noncanonical mechanism. These observations provide physiological insight into the complexity of IL6-mediated regulation of inflammation.
Morphisms between two constructions of Witt vectors of non-commutative rings
Authors: Pisolkar Supriya 
Published: January 2020

Let

A
A

be any unital associative, possibly non-commutative ring and let

p
p

be a prime number. Let

E
(
A
)

E(A)

be the ring of

p
p

-typical Witt vectors as constructed by Cuntz and Deninger in [J. Algebra 440 (2015), pp. 545–593] and let

W
(
A
)

W(A)

be the abelian group constructed by Hesselholt in [Acta Math. 178 (1997), pp. 109–141] and [Acta Math. 195 (2005), pp. 55–60]. In [J. Algebra 506 (2018), pp. 379–396] it was proved that if

p
=
2

p=2

and

A
A

is a non-commutative unital torsion free ring, then there is no surjective continuous group homomorphism from

W
(
A
)
→
H

H
0

(
E
(
A
)
)
:=
E
(
A
)

/

[
E
(
A
)
,
E
(
A
)
]

¯

W(A) \to HH_0(E(A)): = E(A)/\overline {[E(A),E(A)]}

which commutes with the Verschiebung operator and the Teichmüller map. In this paper we generalise this result to all primes

p
p

and simplify the arguments used for

p
=
2

p=2

. We also prove that if

A
A

a is a non-commutative unital ring, then there is no continuous map of sets

H

H
0

(
E
(
A
)
)
→
W
(
A
)

HH_0(E(A)) \to W(A)

which commutes with the ghost maps.
A Variant in the NEDD4L Gene Associates With Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease in the Southeastern Han Chinese Population
Authors: Zhang Jun , Gong Wen-yu , Liu Man , Zhou Wenying , Rao Jialing , Li Yuan-qing , Wu Jian-hao , Luo Dan , Wang Cheng , Peng Hui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
“Neuronal precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-like” (NEDD4L) is considered a candidate gene for hypertension—both functionally and genetically—through the regulation of the ubiquitination of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). This study explores the relationship between genetic variation in NEDD4L and hypertension with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the southeastern Han Chinese population.

METHODS
We recruited 623 CKD patients and measured ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and the rs4149601 and rs2288774 polymorphisms in NEDD4L were genotyped using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS
For rs4149601, significant differences in genotype frequencies in an additive model (GG vs. GA vs. AA) were observed between normotensive patients and hypertensive patients when hypertension was classified into ambulatory hypertension, clinical hypertension, and ambulatory systolic hypertension (P = 0.038, 0.005, and 0.006, respectively). In a recessive model (GG + GA vs. AA), the frequency of the AA genotype of rs4149601 in the hypertension groups was all higher than that in the normotensive groups. The genotype distribution of rs2288774 did not differ significantly between the normotensive and hypertensive patients. In both the full cohort and the propensity score matching (PSM) cohort, the AA genotype of rs4149601 (compared with the GG + GA genotype group) was independently correlated with ambulatory hypertension, clinical hypertension, and ambulatory systolic hypertension by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
The present study indicates that the AA genotype of rs4149601 associates with hypertension in CKD. Consequently, the rs4149601 A allele might be a risk factor for hypertension with CKD.
Gender Differences in Veterans Referred for Neuropsychological Evaluation in an Outpatient Neuropsychology Consultation Service
Authors: Sullivan-Baca Erin , Naylon Kara , Zartman Andrea , Ardolf Barry , Westhafer J Gregory 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
The number of women veterans seeking Veterans Health Administration services has substantially increased over the past decade. Neuropsychology remains an understudied area in the examination of gender differences. The present study sought to delineate similarities and differences in men and women veterans presenting for neuropsychological evaluation in terms of demographics, referral, medical conditions, effort, and outcome diagnosis.

Method
A database collected from an outpatient VA neuropsychology clinic from 2013 to 2019 was analyzed (n = 232 women, 2642 men). Additional analyses examined younger (n = 836 men, 155 women) and older (n = 1805 men, 77 women) age cohorts.

Results
Women veterans were younger and more educated than men, whereas men had higher prevalence of vascular risk factors. Both groups were most often referred from mental health clinics and memory was the most common referral question. Although men performed worse on performance validity measures, clinicians rated women as evidencing poorer effort on a cumulative rating based on formal and embedded performance validity measures, behavioral observations, and inconsistent test patterns. Older women reported more depressive symptoms than older men and were more commonly diagnosed with depression.

Conclusions
This exploratory study fills a gap in the understanding of gender differences in veterans presenting for neuropsychological evaluations. Findings emphasize consideration for the intersection of gender with demographics, medical factors, effort, and psychological symptoms by VA neuropsychologists. A better understanding of relationships between gender and these factors may inform neuropsychologists’ test selection, interpretation of behavioral observations, and diagnostic considerations to best treat women veterans.
Network cross-validation by edge sampling
Authors: Li Tianxi , Levina Elizaveta , Zhu Ji 
Published: January 2020

Summary
While many statistical models and methods are now available for network analysis, resampling of network data remains a challenging problem. Cross-validation is a useful general tool for model selection and parameter tuning, but it is not directly applicable to networks since splitting network nodes into groups requires deleting edges and destroys some of the network structure. In this paper we propose a new network resampling strategy, based on splitting node pairs rather than nodes, that is applicable to cross-validation for a wide range of network model selection tasks. We provide theoretical justification for our method in a general setting and examples of how the method can be used in specific network model selection and parameter tuning tasks. Numerical results on simulated networks and on a statisticians’ citation network show that the proposed cross-validation approach works well for model selection.
Recurrent acute interstitial nephritis: what lies beneath
Authors: Caravaca-Fontán Fernando , Shabaka Amir , Sánchez-Álamo Beatriz , de Lorenzo Alberto , Díaz Martha , Blasco Miquel , Rodríguez Eva , Sierra-Carpio Milagros , Malek Marín Tamara , Urrestarazú Andrés , Corona Cases Clara , Praga Manuel , Fernández-Juárez Gema ,   the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOSEN)
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is an emerging cause of acute kidney disease. While this disease usually follows an acute course, it may occasionally recur, representing a major challenge for the clinician.

Methods
We performed a retrospective, observational cohort study in 13 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases. Patients with biopsy-proven AIN between 1996 and 2018 were included.

Results
The study group consisted of 205 patients with AIN, 22 of which developed recurrent AIN (RAIN) after a median of 111 days from diagnosis. RAIN was due to a surreptitious reintroduction of a previously known implicated drug or toxic in six patients (27%), sarcoidosis in two (9%), Sjögren’s syndrome in three (14%), light-chain-mediated AIN in two (9%) and tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome in two (9%), while in the rest of cases (32%), no precise cause could be identified. Microscopic haematuria was more frequent in patients with underlying systemic diseases. The first RAIN episode was treated with a repeated course of corticosteroids in 21 patients (95%). In six cases (27%), azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil were added as corticosteroid-sparing agents. During a median follow-up of 30 months, 50 patients (27%) with no recurrences and 12 patients (55%) with RAIN reached Stages 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). By multivariable logistic regression analysis, RAIN was independently associated with the risk of reaching Stages 4 and 5 CKD, even after adjusting for potential covariables.

Conclusions
RAIN is infrequent but is associated with poor kidney survival. RAIN should prompt clinicians to search for an underlying aetiology other than drug induced. However, in a large percentage of cases, no precise cause can be identified.
An Approach for Image Search and Retrieval by Cluster-Based Indexing of Binary MKSIFT Codes
Authors: Mathan Kumar B , PushpaLakshmi R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Image search is an information retrieval approach that gained remarkable attention in the areas like multimedia and computer vision. The first work presented a cross-indexing-based approach for image retrieval using multiple kernel scale-invariant feature transform (MKSIFT), where the key point descriptor was calculated using two kernel functions. Previous work had complexity issues while dealing with the large databases, and hence, to avoid this, cluster-based indexing of binary MKSIFT codes is presented. The proposed cluster-based indexing scheme uses the MKSIFT feature extraction and the Particle Swarm-Fractional Bacterial foraging optimization algorithm for extracting the useful features from the images. Also, the Bayesian fuzzy clustering scheme is employed for grouping the images in the database into several clusters. The search index is constructed for the user query, and Bhattacharya distance between the cluster centroids and the search index is calculated to identify the optimal cluster. Then, finally, the images present in the optimal centroid are retrieved. The experimentation of the proposed cluster-based indexing scheme is analysed for the various query from the users. From the analysis, it is evident that the proposed cluster-based indexing scheme has achieved improved performance with the mean values of 0.9656, 0.9489 and 0.9049, for precision, recall and F measure, respectively.
Influence of a Neonicotinoid Seed Treatment on a Nontarget Herbivore of Soybean (Twospotted Spider Mite) and Diet Switching by a Co-occurring Omnivore (Western Flower Thrips)
Authors: Brenner Robert , Prischmann-Voldseth Deirdre A 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInsecticidal neonicotinoid seed treatments are a common agricultural insect pest management strategy; however, effects on nontarget pests and omnivorous arthropods are understudied. We used a series of experiments to evaluate impacts of the neonicotinoid seed treatment thiamethoxam on densities of herbivorous twospotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch [Acari: Tetranychidae]) and feeding behavior of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande [Thysanoptera: Thripidae]), an omnivore that feeds on spider mite eggs but is also a significant plant pest. Spider mite densities were higher on neonicotinoid-treated soybeans, but only when mites were not spatially confined. We then examined how availability of thiamethoxam-treated food items (i.e., eggs from spider mites reared on treated soybeans, soybean leaf discs, or a combination of the two), and previous exposure to thiamethoxam-treated soybean impacted thrips feeding. Regardless of the presence of leaf tissue, thrips consumed fewer spider mite eggs laid by females reared on treated soybeans, suggesting spider mite eggs can serve as poisoned prey. Overall, thrips consumed less treated soybean leaf tissue, and thrips on treated leaf discs had a lower percentage of herbivorous feeding events and consumed more nontreated spider mite eggs, indicating a dietary shift from herbivory to predation. The neonicotinoid status of spider mite eggs and prior exposure of thrips also caused shifts in the number and size of leaf scars, likely as a result of altered foraging behavior and/or movement. Shifts between herbivory and predation have implications for thrips damage, virus transmission, and pest management, especially in systems with mixtures of nontreated and neonicotinoid-treated plants.
Heterogeneous Consumers, Segmented Asset Markets and the Real Effects of Monetary Policy
Authors: Enders Zeno 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article proposes a novel mechanism by which changes in the distribution of money holdings have real aggregate effects. I develop a flexible-price model of segmented asset markets in which monetary policy influences the aggregate demand elasticity via heterogenous money holdings. Because varieties of consumption bundles are purchased sequentially, newly injected money disseminates slowly throughout the economy via second-round effects. The model predicts a short-term inflation-output trade-off, a liquidity effect, countercyclical markups, and pro-cyclical wages after monetary shocks. Among other correlations of financial variables, it also reproduces the empirical, negative relationship between changes in the money supply and markups.
Norwood procedure with right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit: a single-centre 20-year experience
Authors: Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Kotani Yasuhiro , Kuroko Yosuke , Kawabata Takuya , Sano Shunji , Kasahara Shingo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the Norwood procedure with right ventricle–pulmonary artery (RV–PA) conduit for hypoplastic left heart complex.

METHODS
A retrospective observational study was performed in 136 patients with hypoplastic left heart complex who underwent a Norwood procedure with RV–PA conduit between 1998 and 2017. The probabilities of survival, reintervention and Fontan completion were analysed.

RESULTS
Stage 1 survival was 91.9% (125/136). Reintervention for PA stenosis was needed for 22% and 30% at stages 2 and 3, respectively, while 15% underwent reintervention for aortic arch recoarctation. Among 106 bidirectional Glenn survivors, 93 (68% of the total number of patients) had a Fontan completion, while 4 were not considered to be Fontan candidates. Risk factors for overall mortality included weighing &lt;2.5 kg at the time of the Norwood procedure, intact atrium septum, total anomalous pulmonary vein connection and more than mild atrioventricular regurgitation at the time of the Norwood procedure. Overall survival was 80.9%, 72.3% and 62.8% at 1, 5 and 20 years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Probabilities of survival and Fontan completion were acceptable under the current surgical strategy incorporating RV–PA Norwood procedure as the first palliation. Incorporating a strategy to maintain PA growth and ventricular function through the staged repair is of prime importance. Further studies are necessary to observe changes in atrioventricular regurgitation as well as in right ventricular function, in patients who require atrioventricular valve interventions during the staged Fontan completion.
Nudge Goes International
Authors: Teichman Doron , Zamir Eyal 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article introduces the concept of nudge – low-cost behaviourally informed modes of regulation that influence people’s decisions without limiting their choice set – into the behavioural analysis of international law. It sketches out the pathways through which nudges might influence the behaviour of countries, and highlights the normative implications associated with utilizing these regulatory tools in the international arena. That done, the article presents numerous case studies that demonstrate how nudges such as defaults, goals and rankings are integrated into the international legal terrain.
Nursing Home Staff Turnover and Perceived Patient Safety Culture: Results from a National Survey
Authors: Temkin-Greener Helena , Cen Xi , Li Yue 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
We examined the association between turnover of registered nurses (RNs) and certified nurse assistants (CNAs) and perceived patient safety culture (PSC) in nursing homes (NHs).

Research Design and Methods
In 2017, we conducted PSC survey using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality- developed and -validated instrument for NHs. A random sample of 2,254 U.S. NHs was identified. Administrators, directors of nursing (DONs), and nurse unit leaders served as respondents. Responses were obtained for 818 facilities from 1,447 individuals. The instrument contained 42 items relating to 12 PSC domains and turnover rates. PSC domains were based on five-point Likert scale items. A positive response was defined as “agree” or “strongly agree” (4–5 on the Likert scale). For CNAs low turnover was defined as &lt;35%, and for RNs &lt;15%. Facility-level and market-competition characteristics were included. Bivariate comparisons employed analysis of variance and chi-square tests. In multivariable models, we fit separate linear regressions for the average positive PSC score and for each of the 12 PSC domains, including turnover rates, NH, and market factors.

Results
In NHs with low turnover, the overall PSC scores were 4.04% (RNs) and 6.28% (CNAs) higher than in NHs with high turnover. Teamwork, staffing, and training/skills were associated with CNA but not RN turnover.

Discussion and Implications
The effect of turnover on PSC depends on who leaves and to a lesser extent on the organizational characteristics. In NHs, improvements in PSC may depend on the ability to retain a well-trained and skilled nursing staff.
Galectin-3 as a modifier of anti-microbial immunity: Unraveling the unknowns
Authors: Sehrawat Sharvan , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGalectins play diverse roles in pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancers. Galectin-3 is one of the most studied family member and the only chimeric type lectin. Many aspects of its biogenesis, range of activities, and the disease-modifying potential particularly during microbial infections are yet to be known. We review our current understanding of these issues and also highlight gaps in better defining the immune modulatory potential of galectin-3 during different stages of host responsiveness when an infection sets in. Additionally, we discuss commonly used strategies to disrupt galectin-3 functions both extracellulalry and intracellularly. Existing and improved novel strategies could help fine-tune immune responses to achieve better prognosis of infectious diseases.
Surgical treatment of pleural recurrence of thymoma: is hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy worthwhile?
Authors: Aprile Vittorio , Bacchin Diana , Korasidis Stylianos , Nesti Agnese , Marrama Elena , Ricciardi Roberta , Petrini Iacopo , Ambrogi Marcello Carlo , Paladini Piero , Lucchi Marco 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Recurrence of thymoma is described in 10–30% of cases after surgical resection. Iterative surgery for thymoma pleural relapses (TPRs) is often part of a multimodal treatment. Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) following macroscopic radical surgery is an option that combines the effects of mild hyperthermia with those of chemotherapeutic agents. We evaluated the effectiveness of surgery + HITHOC, compared with surgery alone, in the treatment of TPR.

METHODS
We retrospectively collected data of all patients who underwent surgery for TPR in our centre from 2005 to 2017. Relapses were treated by partial pleurectomy with radical intent, followed by HITHOC when not contraindicated. Patients were divided into 2 groups: surgery + HITHOC and surgery alone. We collected demographic and clinical data and analysed postoperative results together with oncological outcomes.

RESULTS
Forty patients (27: surgery + HITHOC, 13: surgery alone), mean age 49.8 (±13.7) years, were included in this study. There were no perioperative deaths. We experienced 33.3% perioperative morbidity in the surgery + HITHOC group compared with 23.1% in the surgery alone group (P = 0.71). The overall survival rate was comparable between the 2 groups (P = 0.139), whereas the local disease-free interval was 88.0 ± 15 months in the surgery + HITHOC group and 57 ± 19.5 months in the surgery alone group (P = 0.046). The analysis of factors affecting the outcomes revealed that radical surgery is related with a better survival rate whereas the local disease-free interval was significantly influenced by HITHOC.

CONCLUSIONS
The safety and feasibility of HITHOC in the treatment of TPR are already known, even if it should be reserved for selected patients. Surgery + HITHOC seems to be associated with a longer local disease-free time compared to surgery alone.