bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The KWAK TI‐RADS and 2015 ATA guidelines for medullary thyroid carcinoma: Combined with cell block‐assisted ultrasound‐guided thyroid fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Li Jianming , Li Huarong , Yang Yan , Zhang Xiaoli , Qian Linxue 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the value of the thyroid imaging reporting and data system proposed by Kwak (KWAK TI‐RADS) and the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines for diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). To confirm the role of cell block (CB)‐assisted fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in final diagnosis of MTC.DesignRetrospective hospital‐based cohort study.PatientsNinety‐three patients with 29 MTCs, 31 PTCs and 33 thyroid adenomas (TAs) who underwent thyroidectomy from January 2010 to May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The KWAK TI‐RADS and ATA guidelines were used to assess each thyroid nodule. FNA, CB‐assisted FNA and core needle biopsy (CNB) were performed in final diagnosis.ResultsAge and ultrasound features (composition, echogenicity and shape) were significantly different between MTC and PTC. Sex and ultrasound features (echogenicity, margin and calcification) were significantly different between MTC and TA. The KWAK TI‐RADS and ATA guidelines showed no significant difference for MTC (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.812 and 0.808; P = .37‐.85) or PTC (AUC: 0.883 and 0.885; P = .25‐.96). The KWAK TI‐RADS and ATA guidelines showed high specificity and sensitivity for MTC (93.9% and 62.1%, 87.9% and 65.5%) and PTC (93.9% and 67.7%, 87.9% and 77.4%), respectively. For suspicious MTC (7 cases), CB‐assisted FNA provide accuracy preoperative diagnosis.ConclusionsAlthough the diagnostic performance of the TI‐RADS and ATA guidelines is worse for MTC than PTC, the difference is not statistically significant. CB‐assisted FNA should be performed in thyroid nodules with 4a or lower suspicion to avoid misdiagnosis of MTC.
Rapid assessment of management options for promoting stock rebuilding in data‐poor species under climate change
Authors: Reum Jonathan C. P. , McDonald P. Sean , Long W. Christopher , Holsman Kirstin K. , Divine Lauren , Armstrong David , Armstrong Jan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe development of species recovery plans requires considering likely outcomes of different management interventions, but the complicating effects of climate change are rarely evaluated. We examined how qualitative network models (QNMs) can be deployed to support decision making when data, time, and funding limitations restrict use of more demanding quantitative methods. We used QNMs to evaluate management interventions intended to promote the rebuilding of a collapsed stock of blue king crab (Paralithodes platypus) (BKC) around the Pribilof Islands (eastern Bering Sea) to determine how their potential efficacy may change under climate change. Based on stakeholder input and a literature review, we constructed a QNM that described the life cycle of BKC, key ecological interactions, potential climate‐change impacts, relative interaction strengths, and uncertainty in terms of interaction strengths and link presence. We performed sensitivity analyses to identify key sources of prediction uncertainty. Under a scenario of no climate change, predicted increases in BKC were reliable only when stock enhancement was implemented in a BKC hatchery‐program scenario. However, when climate change was accounted for, the intervention could not counteract its adverse impacts, which had an overall negative effect on BKC. The remaining management scenarios related to changes in fishing effort on BKC predators. For those scenarios, BKC outcomes were unreliable, but climate change further decreased the probability of observing recovery. Including information on relative interaction strengths increased the likelihood of predicting positive outcomes for BKC approximately 5–50% under the management scenarios. The largest gains in prediction precision will be made by reducing uncertainty associated with ecological interactions between adult BKC and red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus). Qualitative network models are useful options when data are limited, but they remain underutilized in conservation.
Laparoscopy for living donor left nephrectomy: Comparison of three‐dimensional and two‐dimensional vision
Authors: Prudhomme Thomas , Roumiguié Mathieu , Benoit Thibaut , Lesourd Marine , Beauval Jean Baptiste , Doumerc Nicolas , Sallusto Federico , Soulié Michel , Kamar Nassim , Gamé Xavier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of 3‐D laparoscopic living donor left nephrectomy (LDLN). The secondary objective was to compare intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between 3‐D and 2‐D laparoscopic LDLN. All patients who underwent a laparoscopic LDLN from January 2015 to April 2018 in a university center were included. All surgeries were performed by three experienced surgeons. Seventy three patients were included the following: 16 underwent a 3‐D laparoscopic LDLN (3‐D group), and 57 underwent a 2‐D laparoscopic LDLN (2‐D group). Operative time and warm ischemia time (WIT) were significantly lower in the 3‐D group (operative time: 80.9 ± 10.2 vs 114.1 ± 32.3 minutes in the 3‐D and 2‐D groups, P = .0002) (WIT: 1.7 ± 0.6 vs 2.3 ± 0.9 minutes in the 3‐D and 2‐D groups, P = .02). No conversion to open surgery occurred in both groups. Length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the 3‐D group. No major postoperative complications (Clavien ≥ III) occurred. One‐year postoperative GFR was similar to 3‐D and 2‐D groups. Our preliminary study demonstrates that 3‐D laparoscopic LDLN is a feasible and safe surgical procedure. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were similar in both 2‐D and 3‐D vision systems, but 3‐D vision systems allow reduction in WIT and operative time.
Soil alters seedling establishment responses to climate
Authors: Ford Kevin R. , HilleRisLambers Janneke 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEcologists expect species and biomes to shift poleward and upward with climate change, but non‐climatic factors complicate these predictions. In mountains, forests are expected to expand upward along climate gradients into subalpine/alpine meadows, while meadows expand upward onto bare ground. However, soils also vary across elevation, with bare soil above the meadows potentially poorer for plant establishment. Poor soil might constrain expansion at meadows' upper edges, while rich meadow soil might facilitate contraction at lower edges by promoting tree establishment. We assessed climate and soil effects on establishment by transplanting soil and seedlings of meadow and tree species across climate gradients on Mount Rainier. There were considerable interspecific differences, but some generalisations emerged. Survival often declined with earlier snow disappearance, with somewhat smaller declines in meadow soil. Size often increased with earlier snow disappearance, with larger increases in meadow soil. Thus, soil patterns may complicate range shifts.
The use of a weighted affective lexicon in a tutoring system to improve student motivation to learn
Authors: Jiménez Samantha , Juárez‐Ramírez Reyes , Castillo Víctor H. , Ramírez‐Noriega Alan , Quezada Ángeles 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn recent years, several educational systems have integrated text‐based affective feedback. However, analyses of the educational lexicon from the affectivity perspective are scarce. The provision of affective support by these systems is significant because it improves student motivation to learn. This study analyzes the use of a weighted affective lexicon in tutoring systems to improve student motivation. First, based on the suggestions of 166 undergraduate students, this study constructed and evaluated an educational lexicon in Spanish. Additionally, after considering the assessment of another group of 185 undergraduate students, this study provides an interpretation of words/phrases on a valence and arousal scale. The authors carried out a comprehensive analysis to categorize the words/phrases. Furthermore, this study integrates an affective lexicon in a tutoring system. Finally, this paper presents a review of the impacts of this system on the motivation of its potential users. The authors believe that the results of the present study will support the development of a highly adopted Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs), which will benefit prospective users.
Narratives of Working Mothers Experiencing Workplace Bullying: Trauma Transferred to Young Children
Authors: Jahng Kyung Eun 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo examine how workplace bullying experienced by South Korean working mothers is connected to the displacement of the mothers' anger and anxiety onto their young children.BackgroundWorkplace bullying has become a nationally and internationally recognized occupational health and safety issue in recent years. Despite an increasing number of working mothers, there is no research on the relationship between workplace bullying and working mothers' perception and experience in relation to their children and parenting.MethodBoth purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit study participants, who were 11 South Korean working mothers with children 6 years of age or younger. Data collected from in‐depth interviews were analyzed thematically.ResultsFirst, the working mothers' experiences of workplace bullying involved relational bullying and its costs, such as depression and psychological burnout. Second, the working mothers' views of their children and parenting were intensely negative; the mothers considered parenting to be “just more work.” Their children were at greater risk of being socially and emotionally deprived due to problematic parenting.ConclusionWorkplace bullying adversely affects victim mothers' children via the spillover effect between work and home.ImplicationsWorking mothers who raise young children should be protected from workplace bullying. Training programs for employers and managers and context‐specific interventions are essential to ensure a healthy organizational culture.
Prognostic significance of common preoperative laboratory variables in penile squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Zaishang , Li Xueying , Zhang Xueqi , Chen Peng , Wang Bin , Chen Xiaofeng , Han Hui , Zhou Fangjian 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the predictive value of common preoperative laboratory variables in patients undergoing bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection surgery for penile squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the records of 228 patients who had bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection for penile squamous cell carcinoma to assess the following clinical factors: preoperative laboratory measurements, white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, serum calcium, total protein, globulin, pathological factors and survival rates after surgery.ResultsThe percentage of positive lymph nodes was 52.6%. Univariate analysis showed that the tumor stage and grade, the presence of metastasis, white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and globulin were significantly associated with the disease‐specific survival (all P < 0.05). At multivariate analysis, only the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio had an independent effect (hazard ratio 2.131; P = 0.035). The predictive accuracy of the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio was the best among the laboratory variables. The predictive accuracy of the basic pathological factors was significantly increased by incorporating the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio prognosticator.ConclusionThe neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio before inguinal lymph node dissection might be useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma.
Labour geographies of the platform economy: Understanding collective organizing strategies in the context of digitally mediated work
Authors: JOHNSTON Hannah 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe article examines the geographies of collective labour struggle in the platform economy. It distinguishes between the unique spatial features associated with place‐based work and crowdwork to examine the divergent collective organizing strategies developed therein. Taking works councils, collective bargaining and multi‐enterprise agreements as three examples of social dialogue, the article considers why different types of platform workers gravitate towards particular strategies, analyses the regulatory frameworks within which these workers' collective struggles are bound, and assesses the propensity for these expressions of solidarity to improve the terms and conditions of platform work.
Enhancement of emission intensity in Ce3+‐activated aluminoborosilicate scintillating glass synthesized in air
Authors: Sun Xin‐Yuan , Liu Xiu‐Jian , Xiao Zhuo‐Hao , Jiang Da‐Guo , Wang Wen‐Feng , Wen Yufeng , Yang Qing‐Mei , Kang Zhitao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA highly effective method of synthesizing transparent and colorless Ce3+‐activated aluminoborosilicate glass in air by high temperature melt‐quenching is reported. This is achieved by partial substitution of AlN for Al2O3 without using any reduction in atmosphere. The optimized Ce3+‐activated aluminoborosilicate scintillating glass is featured with a density of ~4.5 g/cm3 and a lifetime of 41.74 ns. Compared to the glass synthesized without AlN substitution, both the photo and raidoluminescence intensity of the optimized Ce3+‐activated aluminoborosilicate scintillating glass are enhanced by a factor of 24.4 and 6.76, respectively. The corresponding integrated raidoluminescence intensity is about 17.6% of that of BGO crystal under X‐ray excitation at 30 kV and 3 mA, respectively.
Transparent glass and glass‐ceramic in the binary system NaPO3‐Ta2O5
Authors: Marcondes Lia Mara , Maestri Sérgio , de Sousa Bianca Paula , da Cunha Cristiano Ramos , Evangelista Renato Oliveria , Manzani Danilo , Cassanjes Fabia Castro , Poirier Gael Yves 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransparent and homogeneous tantalum phosphate glasses were prepared in the binary system (100‐x)NaPO3‐xTa2O5 with x varying from 10 to 50 mol%. Thermal, structural, and optical properties, as well as crystallization mechanisms, were investigated by thermal analysis, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies, optical absorption, transmission electron microscopy in terms of Ta2O5 content. FTIR and Raman results support the tantalum insertion in the phosphate chains with [TaO6] polyhedra cross‐linking the phosphate units. At higher Ta2O5 content, [TaO6] clusters are formed and connected to the phosphate network by P‐O‐Ta bonds. This structural evolution is in good agreement with the thermal features measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with a strong increase of the Tg temperatures up to 920°C, high thermal stability against crystallization for low Ta2O5 content and increasing of crystallization tendency for the most Ta‐concentrated samples. Besides, due to the progressive insertion of [TaO6] units, the precipitation of Na2Ta8O21 perovskite‐like phase was identified in the sample with 50 mol% of Ta2O5. The optimal heat treatment conditions were identified using DSC measurements and a transparent glass‐ceramic from 50NaPO3 to 50Ta2O5 composition was prepared. The obtaines glass‐ceramic has great potential for optical applications, such as host for rare‐earth ions, nonlinear optical materials, and ferroelectric domain.
Evaluation of thermal destruction kinetics of Clostridium difficile spores (ATCC 17857) in lean ground beef with first‐order/Weibull modeling considerations
Authors: Arora Jay , Oudit Denise , Austin John W. , Ramaswamy Hosahalli S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThermal destruction kinetics of spores of Clostridium difficile ATCC 17857 was evaluated between 74 and 82°C and characterized using the first‐order log‐linear and Weibull models. Computed decimal reduction times using the first‐order model ranged from 4.39 min at 82°C to 146 min at 74°C, with a z value of 5.17°C. Thermal destruction data were also analyzed using the Weibull model. Based on regression, the predicted one‐D value (first‐order model) and the reliable life (tR) (Weibull model) were 3.86 and 4.05 min at 82°C and 136 and 165 min at 74°C, respectively, indicating the Weibull model to be more conservative yielding higher decimal reduction time values. However, when extended to achieve 2.5, 4, and 6 decimal reductions in C. difficile spores, the calculated process times were more conservative with the first‐order model than with the Weibull model. Moreover, within the experimental range, when data for both models could be compared, predictions from the first‐order model were much closer to the experimental values. Therefore, when used for process calculation for 2.5 or higher log reductions, the first‐order model would give more conservative and safer process times. The study provides destruction kinetics data for C. difficile under a range of temperature conditions.Practical ApplicationsClostridium difficile is a major cause of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in humans. C. difficile infection is the leading cause of gastroenteritis‐associated death. C. difficile infections have been increasing in recent years, and therefore warrant appropriate remedial measures. Thermal inactivation is the most common method for pathogen control, and often the cooking practices are adjusted to a level pre‐established to make the foods pathogen free. Available information on thermal destruction kinetics is scarce, and therefore the data generated here should be of significant importance for safety considerations.
Searching potential candidates for development of protective cultures: Evaluation of two Lactobacillus strains to reduce Listeria monocytogenes in artificially contaminated milk
Authors: García María J. , Ruíz Francesca , Asurmendi Paula , Pascual Liliana , Barberis Lucila 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aims of this work were (a) to select the minimum concentrations of two bacteriocin‐producing lactobacilli strains to reduce Listeria monocytogenes growth in whole milk, (b) to evaluate the individual and combined application of these chosen lactobacilli concentrations as protective culture in this food and, (c) to estimate if lactobacilli growth caused undesirable changes in the visible characteristics of milk. The selected minimum lactobacilli concentration with antilisterial activity was 106 CFU ml−1 for both lactobacilli. Although a high initial concentration of L. monocytogenes (104 CFU ml−1) was added to milk, a notable reduction on listerial counts (2–4 log CFU ml−1) was achieved in comparison to the control. These lactobacilli showed a good adaptability in milk reaching optimal counts and not causing undesirable visible changes. In conclusion, the use of these lactobacilli could be considered as a bio‐strategy potentially effective to limit the contamination by L. monocytogenes in certain milk‐derived products.
The influence of sleep quality on the development of periocular hyperchromia: a case‐control study
Authors: Rocha Barone Carolina , Catucci Boza Juliana , Challub Pires Gabriel , Perusato Pereira Paula , Ferreira Cestari Tania 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeriorbital hyperchromia (POH), popularly known as “dark circles,” is a very frequent complaint in dermatological appointments. It affects all phototypes, genders, and ages, and it is associated with a tired and aged aspect to the face, which may lead to esthetic concerns and impairments in the quality of life. Its etiology is multifactorial, and it is believed that sleep disorders may be considered as precipitating or aggravating factors.AimsOur objective is to compare sleep quality (using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index—PSQI) of patients with POH to patients without this complaint.MethodsA single‐center, case‐control study. Patients from both genders were included. Cases were patients with POH, and controls had no POH. Demographic data, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and PSQI were collected. A power of 80% and statistical significance when a P‐value was lower than .05 were stipulated.ResultsOut of 303 patients, 149 cases and 154 controls, with a mean age of 35.83 ± 11.38 for cases and 37.52 ± 14.89 for controls, there was no significant difference between groups. The DLQI revealed a mean of 4.86 ± 4.89 for cases and 2.25 ± 3.73 for controls (P < .0001), which translates into a modest effect in life quality. The PSQI mean was 5.93 ± 2.52 for cases and 6.14 ± 3.58 for controls (P = .633), which characterizes the poor quality of sleep.ConclusionsDark circles impact negatively on the quality of life of affected patients, especially in women. Contrary to what has been believed, sleep alone does not seem to influence the appearance of POH. NCT03393624.
Iron deficiency anaemia revisited
Authors: Cappellini M. D. , Musallam K. M. , Taher A. T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIron deficiency anaemia is a global health concern affecting children, women and the elderly, whilst also being a common comorbidity in multiple medical conditions. The aetiology is variable and attributed to several risk factors decreasing iron intake and absorption or increasing demand and loss, with multiple aetiologies often coexisting in an individual patient. Although presenting symptoms may be nonspecific, there is emerging evidence on the detrimental effects of iron deficiency anaemia on clinical outcomes across several medical conditions. Increased awareness about the consequences and prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia can aid early detection and management. Diagnosis can be easily made by measurement of haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, whilst in chronic inflammatory conditions, diagnosis may be more challenging and necessitates consideration of higher serum ferritin thresholds and evaluation of transferrin saturation. Oral and intravenous formulations of iron supplementation are available, and several patient and disease‐related factors need to be considered before management decisions are made. This review provides recent updates and guidance on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anaemia in multiple clinical settings.