bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-539 promotes development of colorectal cancer through alleviating expression of Aquaporin (AQP)-9 associated with glucose metabolism
Authors: An Yanjun , Zhao Jiandong , Zhang Yourui , Wu Wen , Hu Jiangtao , Hao Haosen , Qiao Yu , Tao Ying , An Liping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

AQP-9 is the key element of apoptosis, but its mechanism related to glucose metabolism in colon cancer was unclear. Therefore, the role of miR-539 in regulating expression of AQP-9 and its bio-functions were investigated.
Methods

The target gene of miR-539 was verified. The cell growth, apoptosis, and proliferation of SW480 regulated by AQP-9 and miR-539 were explored. The proteins expression associated with glucose metabolism pathway and apoptosis-related proteins were determined. Moreover, the glucose oxidase colorimetric method was used to measure the production of glucose in SW480.
Results

AQP9 was the target gene of miR-539. Interference on AQP-9 expression inhibited cell proliferation and growth of SW480, promoted its apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 family members. Meanwhile, it caused down-expression of GOT1, GK and G6PC. Through inhibiting the expression of AQP-9 in SW480 could reduced cellular glucose production process. The above bio-functions could be achieved by utilization of miR-539 to suppress the expression of AQP-9, too.
Conclusion

Our work identified that the utilization of siRNA of AQP-9 with miR-539 could cause inhibition of proliferation, growth and induce apoptosis in SW480, which was associated with gluconeogenesis genes GOT1, GK, and G6PC in the progression of cellular glucose metabolism.
Efficacy of a new zeolite-based hemostatic gauze in a gunshot model of junctional femoral artery hemorrhage in swine
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Kaiyuan , Wang Junkang , Pan Fei , Zhang Heng , Luo Junpeng , Zhang Hongliang , Guo Chengyu , Feng Cong , Li Tanshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective

This work sought to 1) establish a reliable gunshot model of junctional femoral artery rupture in swine that accurately simulates field rescue conditions, and 2) use the gunshot model to compare the efficacy and ease of application of zeolite nanometer hemostatic gauze with other hemostatic materials,
Methods

36 healthy landrace swine (body weight 50 ± 5 kg) were randomly divided into three groups which were treated with Combat Gauze (CG), FeiChuang hemostatic gauze (FG), or standard medical gauze (SG). A gunshot model of femoral artery hemorrhage in landrace swine was used with portable ultrasound to accurately position the wound. After the shooting, when mean arterial pressure (MAP) of swine decreased by at least 30% for 10 seconds, wounds were pressed with standard packing (39 g) of gauze materials for 3 minutes to stop bleeding, and then bandaged with pressure. Blood samples were taken 15 min before injury, then 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after injury to determine hemodynamic, coagulation, and arterial blood gas indexes. Wound temperatures were taken at 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min after injury, and survival times were recorded.
Results

The CG (11.15 ± 3.09 ml/kg) and FG (12.19 ± 3.5 ml/kg) groups had significantly less blood loss than the SG group (16.8 ± 5.14 ml/kg) (P = 0.04; P = 0.039, respectively). After gauze packing, bleeding in CG (5.85 ± 1.17 ml/kg) and FG (5.37 ± 0.93 ml/kg) groups remained significantly lower than that of SG group (6.93 ± 1.03 ml/kg) (P = 0.011; P = 0.003, respectively). Wound temperature rose with time for all groups (p = 0.000). The wound temperatures in the FG group and the CG group were significantly higher than that of the SG group, (p = 0.004 and 0.009, respectively). Survival rates and times were not significantly different among the three groups, though the FG group had the longest average survival time (SD 204.8 s), compared with SG group (SD 177.8 s) and CG (SD 187.5 s) groups. No significant differences in hemodynamics, blood gas, and coagulation were observed among the three groups.
Conclusions

The gunshot model of junctional femoral arterial hemorrhage guided by ultrasound had high accuracy for femoral arterial rupture by bullet wound, and provided consistent and reproducible field-simulation conditions for comparison of hemostatic materials. Feichuang zeolite hemostatic gauze effectively controlled bleeding without excessive heat, as found in other zeolite-based products. However, improvements to application technique, such as a packing device are needed to improve operating time.
Pathological changes of larynx in inhalational thermal injury causing laryngeal stenosis based on a canine model
Authors: Wang Cheng , Liu Bo , Wan Jiangbo , zhang Guoan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to explore the endoscopic and histologic feature of the larynx in inhalational thermal injury and its correlation with delayed laryngeal stenosis.
Methods

A total of 18 healthy, male adult Beagle dogs were randomly divided into six groups: group C (control group), and groups 1–5. All experimental dogs inhaled 100℃ saturated steam for five seconds to induce laryngeal injury. Endoscopic and histologic examinations were conducted immediately (group 1), and at two weeks (group 2), four weeks (group 3), six weeks (group 4) and eight weeks (group 5) after injury. Endoscopic morphologies of the larynx and histologic morphologies of epiglottis, glottis and cricoid cartilage were observed and analyzed.
Results

Granulation tissue in larynx was observed in group 2, and this shrank to 2/3 and 1/3 of the size in groups 3 and 4, respectively. Microscopically, declined severity of epithelial exfoliations in different regions and patial repair in the glottis were observed. In the epiglottis, cartilage cells appeared degenerative and necrotic and had partial repair. Muscle fibers and cartilage cells were severely injured and had no repair in the glottis, but in the cricoid cartilage, they were totally normal.
Conclusion

The granulation tissue formation, uncompletely repaired tissues in the larynx found after inhalational thermal injury may indicate the process of laryngeal stenosis. The cricoid cartilage that appeared slight pathology in the present study may due to the thermal absorption and protective effect of the upper parts.
The AST/ALT (De Ritis) Ratio Independently Predicts Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Pyogenic Liver Abscess
Authors: Dai Huifang , Xu Jing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: An elevated aspartate aminotransaminase to alanine aminotransaminase ratio (AST/ALT) displays relationships to poor prognosis in viral hepatitis. However, the association between AST/ALT and pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is unclear.Aim:This study delved into the relationships of AST/ALT and unfavorable results of PLA cases and ascertained AST/ALT predicting significance.Methods: In total, 240 PLA cases were consecutively recruited here and underwent a 3-month following-up. This study carried out receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve study, multiple-variate logistic regression analyses and univariate analysis.Results: In line with the receiver-operating curve of AST/ALT for unfavorable results, the cases fell to two subgroups with the use of a threshold of 0.97. Cases with high AST/ALT had higher risk of mortality (16.5% vs 2.9%), metastatic infection (19.1% vs 9.7%), acute hepatic failure (7.3% vs 2.2%), acute myocardial (7.3% vs 0.7%), empyema (23.7% vs 10.4%) and septic shock (13.7% vs 4.4%) than cases with low AST/ALT (all P < 0.05). after adjusting for potential confounders in our logistic model, high AST/ALT was independently associated with all unfavorable results (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 2.12–7.66) and death (odds ratio (OR) = 6.17, 95% of confidence interval (CI) = 1.88–20.26). AST/ALT exhibited the widest area underneath ROC curve (AUC) as compared with AST, ALT in death prediction (AUC = 0.821, cutoff value = 1.31, P < 0.01) and overall unfavorable results (AUC = 0.690, cutoff value = 0.97, P < 0.01).Conclusion: AST/ALT may be a good candidate for predicting prognosis in future clinical practice of PLA.
Activation of alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor against cardiopulmonary bypass surgery induced brain injury by regulating NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Liu Xiuye , Yang Lijuan , Wang Li , Guo Qionghai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Present report evaluates the role of alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor (α4β2 nAChRs) in the development of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery induced brain injury. Brain injury was induced by CPB and animals were treated with α4β2 nAChRs agonist (DHβE 9 mg/kg, s.c.) and α4β2 nAChRs antagonist (MLA 10 mg/kg, i.p.) 3 hr before the induction of CPB in the separate groups. Effect of α4β2 nAChRs agonist was determined on the neurological function in CPB induced brain injured rats. Level of cytokines, ROS and expression of NLRP3, ZO-1 and Occluding proteins were estimated in CPB induced brain injured rats. Effect of α4β2 nAChRs agonist was determined on the neuronal apoptosis and histopathological changes in the brain tissue. Result of the study suggest that neurological score was reversed in α4β2 nAChRs agonist treated group than CPB group. Level of cytokines and ROS was reduced in α4β2 nAChRs agonist treated group than CPB group. Neuronal apoptosis in α4β2 nAChRs agonist treated group was found to be reduced compared to CPB group of rats. Moreover Activation of α4β2 nAChRs ameliorates the altered expression of NLRP3, ZO-1 and Occluding protein in the brain tissue of CPB induced brain injured rats. In conclusion, Data of report suggest that treatment with α4β2 nAChRs agonist protects the brain injury in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery induced brain injury by regulating NLRP3 pathway.
Protocol: A multi-modal, physician-centered intervention to improve guideline-concordant prostate cancer imaging
Authors: Makarov Danil V , Ciprut Shannon , Kelly Matthew , Walter Dawn , Shedlin Michele G , Braithwaite Ronald Scott , Tenner Craig T , Gold Heather T , Zeliadt Steven , Sherman Scott E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Almost half of Veterans with localized prostate cancer receive inappropriate, wasteful staging imaging. Our team has explored the barriers and facilitators of guideline-concordant prostate cancer imaging and found that 1) patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer have little concern for radiographic staging but rather focus on treatment, 2) physicians trust imaging guidelines but are apt to follow their own intuition, fear medico-legal consequences, and succumb to influence from imaging-avid colleagues. We used a theory-based approach to design a multi-level intervention strategy to promote guideline-concordant imaging to stage incident prostate cancer. Methods We designed the Prostate Cancer Imaging Stewardship (PCIS) intervention: a multi-site, stepped wedge, cluster-randomized trial to determine the effect of a physician-focused behavioral intervention on Veterans Health Administration (VHA) prostate cancer imaging use. The multi-level intervention, developed according to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Behavior Change Wheel, combines traditional physician behavior change methods with novel methods of communication and data collection. The intervention consists of three components: 1) a system of audit and feedback to clinicians informing individual clinicians and their sites about how their behavior compares to their peers’ and to published guidelines 2) a program of academic detailing with the goal to educate providers about prostate cancer imaging, and 3) a CPRS Clinical Order Check for potentially guideline-discordant imaging orders. The intervention will be introduced to 10 participating geographically-distributed study sites. Discussion This study is a significant contribution to implementation science, providing VHA an opportunity to ensure delivery of high-quality care at the lowest cost using a theory-based approach. The study is ongoing. Preliminary data collection and recruitment have started; analysis has yet to be performed.
IL-1R2 Polymorphisms and its Interaction Associates With Osteoporosis Susceptibility in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Rong Kai , Liang Zhiquan , Xiang Wenyuan , Wang Zhan , Wen Fengli , Lu Laijin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: IL-1R2, serves as a negative regulator of IL-1 signaling, is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between IL-1R2 polymorphism and osteoporosis susceptibility among the Chinese Han population.Methods: We recruited 594 osteoporosis patients and 599 healthy controls. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1R2 were selected for genotyping using Agena MassARRAY platform. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated through logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex. Linkage disequilibrium analysis was plotted by Haploview v4.2. Multifactor dimension reduction (MDR) was performed to estimate the SNP-SNP interaction of IL-1R2 variants.Results: Our result revealed that rs11674595 (OR = 1.86, p = 0.020), rs2072472 (OR = 1.26, p = 0.019) and rs4851527 (OR = 0.78, p = 0.007) were related to the risk of osteoporosis. Moreover, the contribution of IL-1R2 polymorphisms to osteoporosis risk presented age, sex and BMI difference. We found the relationship of Trs11674595Ars4851527 (OR = 0.80, p = 0.015), Crs11674595Grs4851527 (OR = 1.22, p = 0.043) and Ars3218977Grs2072472 (OR = 1.25, p = 0.022) haplotypes to osteoporosis occurrence, and a potential accumulated effect of IL-1R2 SNPs (testing accuracy = 0.5783 and CVC = 10/10) on osteoporosis susceptibility.Conclusion: IL-1R2 polymorphisms (rs11674595, rs4851527, rs2072472 and rs3218977) might contribute to osteoporosis risk among the Chinese Han population. Our finding may increase our understanding of the effects of IL-1R2 polymorphisms on the predisposition of osteoporosis.
Challenges for National Deworming Policy in Indonesia: Experience From Bandung District West Java Province
Authors: Adrizain Riyadi , Setiabudi Djatnika , Faridah Lia , Fauziah Nisa , Setiabudiawan Budi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The strategy of regular deworming has been the main STH control strategy recommended by the WHO for over a decade. In 2017, Indonesian government has also adapted this strategy by launching the Ministry of Health (MoH) Regulation No. 15 year 2017 regarding helminthiasis control. However, deworming effort is often hindered by various factors including poor hygiene, habits, and irregular mass drug administration in developing countries. To obtain a picture of how the deworming regulation is carried out and key challenges in Indonesia, this study investigated deworming conduct in Bandung District – one of the densest areas in Indonesia.
Methods

The main methodology was qualitative using published documents, interview and focus group discussion with related agencies such as MoH, Bandung District Health Office, primary health care and cadres (community participants).
Results

From this study, we discovered incompleteness and inconsistency of conduct – even within a relatively small area such as Bandung District. Moreover, this study also found that deworming is combined with stunting programs in some areas without proper study directly correlating the improvement of nutritional status with reduced incidence of STH.
Conclusions

This study has demonstrated the challenges sustaining a consistent nationwide campaign over a wide area such as in Indonesia. In the end, we recommended that further nationwide evaluation is required – placing emphasis on dissemination of policy to ensure more standardized conduct.
Matrine exhibits antiviral activity in a PRRSV/PCV2 co-infected mouse model
Authors: Sun Na , Zhang Hua , Sun Panpan , Khan Ajab , Guo Jianhua , Zheng Xiaozhong , Sun Yaogui , Fan Kuohai , Yin Wei , Li Hongquan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPRRSV and PCV2 co-infection is very common in swine industry which results in huge economic losses worldwide. Although vaccination is used to prevent viral diseases, immunosuppression induced by PRRSV and PCV2 leads to vaccine failure. Our previous results have demonstrated that Matrine possessed antiviral activities against PRRSV/PCV2 co-infection in vitro. To establish a PRRSV/PCV2 co-infected KM mouse model and evaluate the antiviral activities of Matrine against PRRSV/PCV2 co-infection. A total of 144 KM mice were randomly divided into six groups with 24 mice in each group, named as: normal control, PRRSV/PCV2 co-infected group (PRRSV/PCV2 group), Ribavirin treatment positive control (Ribavirin control) and Matrine treatment groups (Matrine 40 mg/kg, Matrine 20 mg/kg and Matrine 10 mg/kg). Except normal control group, all mice in other five groups were inoculated with PRRSV, followed by PCV2 at 2 h later. At 7 days post-infection (dpi), mice in the treatment groups were intraperitoneally administered with various doses of Matrine and Ribavirin, twice a day for 5 consecutive days. ResultsPRRSV N and PCV2 CAP genes were detected by PCR in multiple tissues including heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, thymus and inguinal lymph nodes. The viral load of PCV2 was the highest in liver followed by thymus and spleen. Although PRRSV were detected in most of the tissues, but the replication of PRRSV was not significantly increased, as shown by qPCR analysis. Comparing with PCV2 infection alone, PRRSV infection significantly elevated PCV2 replication and also exacerbated PCV2 induced interstitial pneumonia. qPCR analysis demonstrated that 40 mg/ml Matrine significantly attenuated PCV2 replication in liver and alleviated virus induced interstitial pneumonia, suggesting that Matrine could directly inhibit virus replication. In addition, Matrine treatment enhanced peritoneal macrophages phagocytosis at 13 and 16 dpi, and 40 mg/kg of Matrine increased the proliferation activity of lymphocytes. Body weight gain was continuously promoted by administrating Matrine at 10 mg/kg.ConclusionMatrine possessed antiviral activities via inhibiting virus replication and regulating immune functions in mice co-infected by PRRSV/PCV2. These data provide new insight into controlling PRRSV and PCV2 infection and support further the research for developing Matrine as a new possible veterinary medicine.
Dosimetric comparison of fixed field dynamic IMRT and VMAT techniques in simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer
Authors: SUN Haitao , Liu Ying , Chen Along , Wang Ning 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: As the high risk prostate cancer can be benefited from the combination of hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and pelvic conventional fraction radiotherapy, the comparison between fixed field dynamic IMRT and VMAT techniques can provide suggestion for clinical treatment. Methods: We selected 10 patients with high risk prostate cancer who received radiotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 2013 January to 2013 December. The target including the prostate, seminal vesicle and pelvic lymph nodes. With the same prescription and optimized parameters, 9 field IMRT, single arc and double arc VMAT treatment plans were designed, which are expressed by 9F, 1ARC and 2ARC respectively. The dose distribution of the targets, organs at risk (OAR), monitor units (MUs), treatment time and gamma pass ratios of dose verification were compared. Results: The D2%(69.37±0.89)Gy,D50%(66.92±0.63)Gy, HI(0.09±0.02) and CI(0.83±0.05) of PTV1 in 9F were slightly better than those of 1ARC which were (71.13±1.21) Gy, (68.50±0.76)Gy, (0.12±0.02), (0.74±0.07), except D98% , the difference were significant(p<0.05). All dosimetric indices of PTV1 in 9F and 2ARC were close and has no significant differences (p>0.05). The V95 %(99.45±0.78)% of PTV2 in 9F was slightly better than that in 1ARC (99.35±1.28)%, the difference was significant (p<0.05). All dosimetric indices of PTV2in 9F and 2ARC were close and the difference were no significant (p>0.05). The Dmean of bladder and the V67.5Gyof rectum between all three plans were similarity The Dmean of left and right femoral in 1ARC and 2ARC were lower than that in 9F, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Other dosimetric indices of OARs in 9F were lower than those in 1ARC and 2ARC, and much lower than 1ARC, the difference were significant (p<0.05). The mean monitor units in 1ARC and 2ARC were fewer by 70.0% and 67.2% in comparison with 9F. The treatment mean time in 1ARC and 2ARC were shorter by 81.7% and 61% in comparison with 9F. The verification pass ratios of γ(3%/3mm)were 97.8% (9F), 98.9% (1ARC) and 99.4% (2ARC) respectively, the difference were significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with IMRT, VMAT improved delivery efficiency noticeably. Two arcs provided comparable tumor dosimetric coverage, but performed worse in dose sparing for bladder, rectum and small bowel. IMRT plan was better than VMAT in prostate cancer simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy.
A novel mathematical approach to estimate the hepatic, cerebral and renal blood flow from dynamic nuclear imaging studies independently of the used radio tracer
Authors: Geist Barbara Katharina , Hamböck Martina , Berroteran-Infante Neydher , Böhmig Georg , Bugayong Stefanie , Nakuz Thomas , Nics Lukas , Pichler Verena , Rasul Sazan , Sareshgi Reza Agha Mohammadi , Traub-Weidinger Tatjana , Zacher Anna , Staudenherz Anton , Hacker Marcus , Neufeld Helmut 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The blood flow (BF) is a critical determinant of organ functionality. Its assessment in the course of routine nuclear medicine examinations, including planar scintigraphy and positron emission tomography (PET), can be relevant for the diagnosis and monitoring of various conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate a new mathematical approach developed to estimate the organ BF from dynamic imaging data and to analyze if this method can be applied independent of the used radio tracer or imaging modality. The new approach uses the early phase of time activity curves extracted from animal and human dynamic scintigraphy and PET scans. Independence of tracer characteristics was evaluated with major oxygen-dependent organs (kidneys, liver, brain) of a mouse model. The approach was also applied on renal scans with two different imaging modalities from a representative cohort of 32 human subjects and compared to reference values.
Results

The mean organ-specific BF determined in the mouse model revealed no significant differences between the administered radiotracers and all calculated values corresponded to normal values (kidneys: 1.0-1.1 ml/min, liver: 1.4–1.6 ml/min, brain: 0.2 ml/min). In the human study cohort, the renal BFs from the two performed imaging modalities showed a good correlation (r = 0.61, p = 0.001) and a small significant difference (p = 0.047) among each other and good correlations to the reference value obtained from blood sampling (r = 0.79 and r = 0.52).
Conclusions

A mathematical approach was developed to assess the organ BF solely from dynamic imaging scans without the necessity of additional measurements. Preliminary data suggests that several radiotracers might be feasible to estimate the BF in major oxygen-dependent organs.