bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional observational study investigating the association between sedges (swamp grasses, Cyperaceae) and the prevalence of immature malaria vectors in aquatic habitats along the shore of Lake Victoria, western Kenya
Authors: Bokore Getachew E. , Ouma Paul , Onyango Patrick O. , Bukhari Tullu , Fillinger Ulrike 
Published: October 2020

Background: Strategies that involve manipulations of the odour-orientation of gravid malaria vectors could lead to novel attract-and-kill interventions. Recent work has highlighted the potential involvement of graminoid plants in luring vectors to oviposition sites. This study aimed to analyse the association between water-indicating graminoid plants (Cyperaceae, sedges), other abiotic and biotic factors and the presence and abundance of early instar Anopheles larvae in aquatic habitats as a proxy indicator for oviposition. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 110 aquatic habitats along the shores of Lake Victoria was done during the rainy season. Habitats were sampled for mosquito larvae using the sweep-net method and habitat characteristics recorded. Results: Anopheles arabiensis was the dominant species identified from aquatic habitats. Larvae of the secondary malaria vectors such as Anopheles coustani, An. rufipes and An. maculipalpis were found only in habitats covered with graminoids, whereas An. arabiensis, An. ziemanni and An. pharoensis were found in both habitats with and without graminoid plants. The hypothesis that sedges might be positively associated with the presence and abundance of early instar Anopheles larvae could not be confirmed. The dominant graminoid plants in the habitats were Panicum repens, Cynodon dactylon in the Poaceae family and Cyperus rotundus in the Cyperaceae family. All of these habitats supported abundant immature vector populations. The presence of early instar larvae was significantly and positively associated with swamp habitat types (OR=22, 95% CI=6-86, P<0.001) and abundance of late Anopheles larvae (OR=359, CI=33-3941, P<0.001), and negatively associated with the presence of tadpoles (OR=0.1, CI=0.0.01-0.5, P=0.008). Conclusions: Early instar malaria vectors were abundant in habitats densely vegetated with graminoid plants in the study area but no specific preference could be detected for any species or family. In search for oviposition cues, it might be useful to screen for chemical volatiles released from all dominant plant species.
Linking Social Relatedness with Motivational Goals and Bachelor Degree Aspirations of Vocational Students
Authors: Nownaisin Pattanun , Koul Ravinder , Chomsuwan Komkrit , Poondej Chanut , Lerdpornkulrat Thanita 
Published: October 2020

<p style="text-align:justify">This study conducted in Thailand examined the relationship between measures of social relatedness and motivational goal orientation as well as bachelor degree aspirations of vocational school students. Data were collected from students enrolled in a vocational school near Bangkok (n = 386). The analysis found that teacher support for students was the best predictor of students’ adoption of mastery goals, school identification was the best predictor of students’ adoption of performance approach goals, and peer involvement was the best predictor of students’ adoption of performance avoidance goals. There was a significant interaction between school identification and peer involvement on the intention to pursue a bachelor degree. The researchers interpreted the results in terms of self-determination theory and discussed the implications of students’ sense of relatedness to vocational school environment.</p>
Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) Does Not Cause Collapse of Colonies of Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Tropical Climate
Authors: Guimarães-Cestaro Lubiane , Maia T. S. , Martins Renata , Alves Maria Luísa Teles M. F. , Otsuk Ivani Pozar , Message Dejair , Teixeira Erika Weinstein 
Published: October 2020

Nosemosis is an important disease that affects honey bees (Apis mellifera Lineu), caused by obligate intracellular parasites, Nosema apis and/or Nosema ceranae. Since the initial detection of N. ceranae in A. mellifera coincided with recent large-scale losses of bee colonies worldwide, the impacts of this parasite under field conditions are of great interest. Here we test two hypotheses, the first one, whether the climatic variables (temperature, air humidity and precipitation) influence the intensity of infection of the microsporidium Nosema spp. in Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera), and the second, whether the local of hive installation (outdoor or roofed) influences the intensity of infection of these spores in Africanized honey bees. Between August 2013 and August 2016, samples of Africanized bees were collected weekly from 20 colonies, of which ten were located in an open area (outdoor apiary) and ten under a roof on a concrete floor (roofed apiary). N. ceranae was the only species present. The type of apiary did not influence (p > 0.05) the number of spores of N. ceranae in Africanized bees. However, the infection intensities of the roofed apiary colonies were lower in the autumn. Regarding the meteorological parameters, there was a negative correlation between the winter infection intensities and the minimum temperature in the roofed apiary and the humidity in the outdoor apiary. The highest infection intensities occurred in both apiaries in the spring and summer, which may be related to higher pollen production. On average, the infection intensity was 16.19 ± 15.81 x 105, ranging from zero to 100.5 x105, and there were no records of collapse during the three years.
First North American Records of the Old-World Tramp Ant Syllophopsis sechellensis(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Wetterer James 
Published: October 2020

Syllophopsis sechellensis (Emery) (formerly Monomorium sechellense) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a small, inconspicuous ant species native to the Old-World tropics. Syllophopsis sechellensis is widespread in Asia and Australia, and on islands the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. In the New World, all published records come from West Indian islands. Here, I report the first records of S. sechellensis from North America: from four sites in Miami-Dade and Broward counties, Florida, more than 1500 km from the closest records in the West Indies. The ants of Florida have been well-studied in the past, so S. sechellensis appears to be a recent arrival.
Survival of Coptotermes testaceus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) to Environmental Conditions (Relative Humidity and Temperature) and Preference to Different Substrates
Authors: Pozo-Santiago Cesar Orlando , Pérez-De La Cruz Manuel , Torres-De la Cruz Magdiel , De La Cruz-Pérez Aracely , Capello-García Silvia , Hernández-Gallegos Minerva Aurora , Velázquez-Martínez José Rodolfo 
Published: October 2020

Coptotermes testaceus (L.) (Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite species that causes damage in urban and agricultural areas in the neotropics. Despite its economic importance, there are no studies on its basic biological aspects for laboratory management and the development of strategies for its control. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relative humidity, temperature, substrate moisture and preference to different wood substrates for the best C. testaceus survival under laboratory conditions. For this, a range of eight relative humidity (from 9 to 100%), three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C), six substrates (Pinus sp, Cedrela odorata (L.), Cocos nucifera (L.), Eucalyptus urophylla (S. T. Blake), Haematoxylum campechianum (L.) and Tabebuia rosea [Bertol.] DC) and four substrate moistures, (0 to 60%) were tested. The results of this study indicated a significant effect of all factors on termite survival or termite preference. When tested independently, the highest survival percentage of C.testaceus was obtained with humidity of 100%, temperature of 20 °C, substrate moisture of 60% and the Eucalyptus urophylla substrate, reaching 83.33% survival at 21 days of observation. With these preliminary assays on small termite groups, it is concluded that with the appropriate percentages of humidity, temperature and substrate and the interaction of these three factors, further research can be conducted using larger termite groups in biologically relevant conditions, in order to study various aspects of C. testaceus biology.
Can Baited Pitfall Traps for Sampling Dung Beetles Replace Conventional Traps for Sampling Ants?
Authors: Przybyszewski Kelley Rita , Silva Ricardo José , Vicente Ricardo Eduardo , Garcia Freitas João Victor , Pereira Mônica Josene Barbosa , Izzo Thiago Junqueira , Tonon Danielle Storck 
Published: October 2020

Ants and dung beetles are widely used in monitoring biodiversity and are considered excellent environmental indicators. Although the pitfall trap is the most commonly used method to sample dung beetles and ants in ecological studies, beetles are usually sampled using dung‐baited pitfall traps while ants are sampled using un‐baited pitfalls. In the protocol for collecting the beetles it is necessary to have attractive baits in pitfalls. In order to minimize collection effort and costs and to facilitate logistics, it is necessary to determine if there is an effect of the baits on the biodiversity of ants collected in the same traps. Therefore, the objective of this work was to find out whether baited pitfalls could replace conventional pitfalls for the capture of ants. In a total of 42 areas of native habitat, three baited pitfall traps and three without bait were installed, all in the same transect, equidistant ten meters and in activity for 48 hours. In total, 150 species were collected, of which 131 were recorded in non‐baited pitfalls and 107 in baited pitfalls. Traps without bait contributed to 28% of the total number of species captured in this study, whereas pitfalls with bait contributed only to 12% of the total species caught. However, 60% of the total species were captured regardless of the method. In addition to the loss of species among the types of traps, the effect of the method modifies the species composition. We concluded that depending on the type of study, a small decrease in the number of species and change in the composition can influence the results. Thus, we recommend that baited pitfalls should not replace conventional pitfalls.Palavras-chave: Método de coleta; Protocolo de coleta; Desenho da amostra; Esforço de amostragem.
Efisiensi Penyisihan Kadar Amoniak Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit dengan Proses Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif Bijih Plastik
Authors: Ruhmawati Tati , Budiasyah Teguh , Setiawan Ridwan 
Published: October 2020

Latar Belakang: Tingginya kunjungan pasien akan meningkatkan kandungan amoniak limbah cair rumah sakit.Kadar amoniak yang tinggi menimbulkan pencemaran perairan. Adsorpsi karbon aktif merupakan teknologi alternatif dalam menurunkan kadar amoniak limbah cair.Tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu kontak karbon aktif bijih plastik terhadap penurunan kadar amoniak limbah cair rumah sakit.Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-postest dengan kontrol. Populasi, seluruh air limbah yang diambil dari influent RSUD Al Ihsan Kabupaten Bandung, sedangkan sampel sebagian air limbah yang diambil dari populasi dengan teknik pengambilan gabungan waktu.Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan uji anova.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase penurunan kadar amoniak untuk waktu kontak 60 menit 18,40%, 90 menit35,07 %, dan 120 menit 48,77 %. Hasil uji Anova diperoleh nilai p 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05 (α 5%).Simpulan:Terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna antara variasi waktu kontak karbon aktif bijih plastik terhadap penurunan kadar amoniak limbah cair. ABSTRACTTitle : Elimination Efficiency of Ammonia Content of Hospital Liquid Waste with Active Carbon Plastic Ore Adsorption.Background: Considerable visits from patients increases the content of ammonia within the liquid waste of the hospital which, in turn, results in water pollution. Adsorption of active carbon is an alternative technology in reducing the ammonia level of liquid waste. This research aims at revealing the contact time of active carbon plastic ore towards the degression of ammonia level of liquid waste. Method: This research was an experiment designed by pretest-posttest design with control. The population of the research was all the liquid waste taken from the influent of RSUD Al Ihsan Bandung, while the sample of the research was taken from the population by time combiningcollection technique. The collected data was then analyzed using anova. Result: The results of the research show that the average of the degression percentage for contact time of sixty minutes is 18.40%, 90 minutes 35.07%, and 120 minutes 48.77%. The value of t acquired from anova testing is 0.001, smaller than degression of ammonia level of liquid waste. Conclusion: There is a significant effect between the variation of contact time of plastic ore activated carbon to the decrease in the level of liquid waste ammonia.
Surveying the impact of authentic and pragmatic marketing by paradigm shift on brand authentic: a case study of selected Azad Universities (Anzali, Tehran Matkaz, Tonekabon)
Authors: Ali esmaeili Zohreh , Kheiry Bahram 
Published: October 2020

The contextual changes of the present age have altered the former order of personal and social relations in such a way that the creation of a new order is accompanied by an epistemic crisis; the crisis of knowledge of new relationships has rendered past valuations inefficient and invalid. In this regard, Katler (1990) considers authenticity as the most influential element in this era of achieving sustainable development and customer Trust, and since the production of university knowledge is the key to sustainable development and today it is faced with quality Issues. This issues, this study aimed to investigate the effect of two marketing, namely authentic marketing and pragmatic marketing through paradigm shifts as a solution to the epistemic crisis of brand authenticity. The research method of this study is based on quantitative and descriptive-survey. The statistical population is Iranian students of Islamic Azad Universities (IAUs) stratified random sampling and sample size based on Morgan table were 385 people. Data were collected and distributed by questionnaire. Structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach and SmartPLS2 software were used for data analysis. The findings indicate that both authentic and pragmatic marketing are more effective on brand authenticity through paradigm shift.
Sharper existence and uniqueness results for solutions to fourth-order boundary value problems and elastic beam analysis
Authors: Almuthaybiri Saleh S. , Tisdell Christopher C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We examine the existence and uniqueness of solutions to two-point boundary value problems involving fourth-order, ordinary differential equations. Such problems have interesting applications to modelling the deflections of beams. We sharpen traditional results by showing that a larger class of problems admit a unique solution. We achieve this by drawing on fixed-point theory in an interesting and alternative way via an application of Rus’s contraction mapping theorem. The idea is to utilize two metrics on a metric space, where one pair is complete. Our theoretical results are applied to the area of elastic beam deflections when the beam is subjected to a loading force and the ends of the beam are either both clamped or one end is clamped and the other end is free. The existence and uniqueness of solutions to the models are guaranteed for certain classes of linear and nonlinear loading forces.
Balancing incomplete COVID-19 evidence and local priorities: risk communication and stakeholder engagement strategies for school re-opening
Authors: Hoover Anna G. , Heiger-Bernays Wendy , Ojha Sweta , Pennell Kelly G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, United States (U.S.) educational institutions must weigh incomplete scientific evidence to inform decisions about how best to re-open schools without sacrificing public health. While many communities face surging case numbers, others are experiencing case plateaus or even decreasing numbers. Simultaneously, some U.S. school systems face immense infrastructure challenges and resource constraints, while others are better positioned to resume face-to-face instruction. In this review, we first examine potential engineering controls to reduce SARS-CoV-2 exposures; we then present processes whereby local decision-makers can identify and partner with scientists, faculty, students, parents, public health officials, and others to determine the controls most appropriate for their communities. While no solution completely eliminates risks of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and illness, this mini-review discusses engaged decision and communication processes that incorporate current scientific knowledge, school district constraints, local tolerance for health risk, and community priorities to help guide schools in selecting and implementing re-opening strategies that are acceptable, feasible, and context-specific.
Assessing Prospective Biology Teachers (PBTs) Perceptions on Thinking as a 21st Century Skill: A Case Study at Islamic University
Authors: Haviz M. , Lufri L. , Maris I. M. 
Published: October 2020

The explanatory mixed-method was conducted to assess prospective biology teachers’ (PBTs) perceptions on thinking as 21st century skills. Data were collected using a quantitative survey method, and an interview with PBTs from Islamic University. 168 (14 men and 154 women) of 195 PBTs participated in filling out the questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 24 statements of aspects of critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, metacognition of the 21st century skill. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and alpha Cronbach tests were used to determine the quality of the instrument. Statistic descriptive, ANOVA, and correlation tests were conducted to analyze the quantitative data. Triangulation was conducted on the results of the interview. The results of the study indicate that (a) most male and female PBTs at Islamic universities have high skills in critical thinking and metacognition; (b) most male and female PBTs at Islamic universities have insufficient skills in problemsolving and creativity skills; (c) the results of this study also showed that there is no relationship between gender and PBTs skills. This study suggested that teachers and education managers in Islamic universities need to apply integrative learning by paying attention to the skills needed by PBTs. Learning applied in classrooms should be based on 21st century skills.
Persona Non Grata dalam Kasus Penangkapan Atase Militer Uni Soviet Sergei P. Egorov berdasarkan Konvensi Wina
Authors: Mangku Dewa Gede Sudika 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pemberian Persona non Grata oleh Pemerintah Indonesia kepada Atase Militer Uni Soviet dan mengetahui dan menganalisis penyelesaian kasus antara Uni Soviet dan Indonesia terkait tindakan spionase yang dilakukan oleh Atase Militer Uni Soviet. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif, maka pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach), sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan yaitu bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan dengan teknik argumentasi dan dibahas secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Pemerintah Indonesia dalam pemberian status Persona non Grata kepada Atase Militer Uni Soviet telah sesuai dengan Konvensi Wina 1961, (2) langkah yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dan Uni Soviet dalam penyelesaian kasus spionase yang dilakukan Atase Militer Uni Soviet yaitu melalui jalur negosiasi.
Urgensi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Perempuan
Authors: Natalis Aga 
Published: October 2020

Partisipasi perempuan dalam pengambilan kebijakan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat masih terbatas, hal ini terlihat pada rendahnya tingkat kesejahteraan perempuan seperti akses dalam bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan memahami tentang urgensi kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD berbasis Anggaran Responsif Gender (ARG) di Kabupaten Sekadau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dalam rangka mewujudkan kesejahteraan perempuan. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif-analitis. Penerapan ARG pada kebijakan penyelenggaraan APBD, menjadikan anggaran lebih efektif dan efisien, serta sebagai perwujudan dari good governance dalam penyelenggaraan anggaran daerah. ARG merupakan hasil dari penerapan Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) disetiap dokumen penganggaran. Women’s participation for policy making of Local Government Budget (APBD) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province is limited, it can be seen in the low level of the women’s welfare such as access for education and health. The purpose of this study is to know and understand the urgency of the implementation of the APBDbased on the Gender Responsive Budget (ARG) in Sekadau Regency, West Kalimantan Province in order to realize women’s welfare. The research method used is a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach and is presented in a descriptive-analytical form. This research belongs to the tradition of qualitative research with a social legal approach. The application of ARG to the policy of administering the APBD, makes the budget more effective and efficient, as well as the realization of good governance in the implementation of regional budgets. ARG is the result of implementing Gender Analysis Pathway (GAP) in each budgeting document.
Alternative fuels from vegetable oils: innovative methods and technologies of production and usage
Authors: Kyrychenko V.I. , Kyrychenko V.V. , Ribun V.S. , Skladaniuk M.B. 
Published: October 2020

Traditional methods of biofuel production using vegetable oils and aliphatic alcohols have a number of disadvantages. A new method of transesterification of vegetable oils with alkyl acetates because they act as promoters of diesel fuel combustion. A method of improving both technology of alcoholysis and esterolysis by modifying the temperature range is proposed. Chemical and technological bases of two-stage process of vegetable oil transesterification are developed. In the first stage, the oils are treated with glycerol in order to convert tri-acyl-glyceros of oil into mono-acyl-glycerols. The second stage is alcoholysis of mono-acyl-glycerols with ethanol or esterolysis of mono-acyl-glycerols with ethyl acetate. The temperature range of the transesterification process is improved using heat-transfer solvents. Comparison of material balances of technologies of one- and two-stage ways of ethanolysis and esterolysis showed a significant increase in the selectivity of the process, yield and quality of biofuels. Analysis of the obtained biofuels and mixtures, which contain 20 % of biofuels and 80% of diesel fuel showed the best physical, chemical and operational characteristics. Therefore, the blended fuels are promising area of ​​biofuel technology.