bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics and Anticancer Potential of the Aerial Parts of Dryopteris ramosa against Cancerous Cell Lines Assisted with Advanced Computational Approaches
Authors: Said Khalil , Rauf Mamoona , Khan Sumera Afzal , Hussain Anwar , Alhegaili Alaa S. , Hussain Sajid , Ali Sajid , Hamayun Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Dryopteris ramosa is a high-altitude plant of moist and shady habitat. Its aerial parts
are edible and orally administered as an antibiotic and effective aphrodisiac. They are also used as pesticides,
astringents, and febrifuges.

Aim:
The present study aimed to elucidate the plant's medicinal potential as an anticancer agent. Extracts of
Dryopteris ramosa were examined for cytotoxic effects against AGS, A549, and HCT116 cell lines. The project
also aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constitutents of the plant. For this purpose, GC-ToF-MS analysis
was executed to identify the bioactive compounds in the aerial parts extract of Dryopteris ramosa. As a
result, 93 different phytochemicals were identified from the spectral properties of GC-ToF-MS which contain
19 compounds of high peaks having reported anti-inflammatory, Anti-diabetic, Antibacterial, Analgesic, and
antioxidant potential.

Methods:
Three different cell lines have been treated against Ethanol, Methanol, Ethyl acetate, Water, Chloroform,
Acetone, and n-hexane extracts from the aerial parts of Dryopteris ramosa. These cell lines were
checked and were ranked in lethality based on IC50 value. The extract samples were processed as serial dilution
from high concentrations (500 ug/ml). All the three cell lines were treated for 48 hours.

Results:
Extracts showed a significant effect in different cell lines (based on IC50 less than 200 ug/ml). Performing
the in vitro anticancer activity against the three different cell lines in Ethyl Acetate, Methanol,
n-hexane, Chloroform and Acetone extract of Dryopteris indicated that anticancer activity of the plant is high
against AGS and A549 cell line while less prominent in HTC116 cell lines through MTT Assay. In silico
drug-likeness and ADMET analysis were studied of the compounds, that exhibit considerable drug likenesses,
phytochemical medicinal chemistry, and a promising ADMET score and no toxicity. The candidate compounds
were chosen for further elucidation by Molecular Docking and dynamic simulations. Employing the
molecular docking approach for virtual screening of the phytochemicals it was found that the compounds
Germacrene showed remarkable results towards BCL2 with -7 Kcal/Mol and a-D-(+)-Xylopyranose showed
significant docking results towards 5P21 with -7.1 Kcal/Mol.

Conclusion:
For multi-scale frames structural aberrations and fluctuations identification of the docked complexes,
a molecular dynamics analysis was performed for a 100 ps simulation run by accessing the online tool
of MDweb simulations. These molecular docking and simulation analyses also revealed that both the phytochemicals
have a stable interaction with the cancer-related proteins BCL2 and 5P21.
Anti-VSMC Vegetation Activities of New Aurone Various Synthetic Methods and Biological Potentials Potentials of Aurone Analogs
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Verma Shivani , Jakhmola Vikash 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
The aurone derivatives are a subfamily of flavonoids. Aurones can be easily broken
down into two major parts, a benzofuranone and an exocyclic arylidene, often made from an aldehyde,
despite having the normal 15-carbon structure. However, aurone derivatives have recently
received considerable attention due to their diverse biological effects. These derivatives are
synthesized by different chemical methods and exhibit different types of biological actions such
as antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, and other beneficial biological activities. Furoaurone (a semi-synthetic compound),
also known as benzofuran-3(2H)-one, is made from naturally occurring furanochromones collected
from Ammivisnaga fruits. In this review, we study the numerous synthetic techniques for aurone
and furanone derivatives and various biological functions.
The First Report on Opportunistic Human Pathogenic Bacteria Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolated from Brahmina coriacea (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) in the North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Mahala Suresh Kumar , Ramappa Karthik , Chandel RS , Verma KS , Walia Abhishek 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Staphylococcus haemolyticus is an opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium
that constitutes the major part of human skin microflora. This bacterium has shown resistance
to most antibiotics. Moreover, it spreads widely in hospitals and causes various infections in
human beings. This bacterium has been reported in infected humans, animals, and some insects;
however, this is the first report on Staphylococcus haemolyticus being found in scarabaeids in the
world. The gut microbiota of white grubs helps in the digestion and assimilation of food, such as
cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin degradation by producing various enzymes.

Aims:
This study aimed to isolate and identify the cellulose-degrading bacteria from the gut of the
most notorious polyphagous white grub, B. coriacea and estimated their cellulolytic index for utilization
in future studies for decomposing of organic matter and in biofuel production in industries.

Methods:
In this study, we isolated 11 cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Brahmina coriacea
(Hope) grubs, which were collected from different locations in the north-western Himalayas.

Results:
S. haemolyticus was only reported from the grubs of Nauni, Solan region of Himachal
Pradesh, India, and identified by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. S. haemolyticus was
able to degrade the cellulose in Carboxy Methyl cellulose (CMC) media.

Conclusion:
This bacterium can be used in industries, such as the management of agro-waste,
pulp and paper, and biofuel production.
A Machine Learning–Based Prediction Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Multicenter Validation Study
Authors: Ma Mengqing , Chen Caimei , Chen Dawei , Zhang Hao , Du Xia , Sun Qing , Fan Li , Kong Huiping , Chen Xueting , Cao Changchun , Wan Xin 
Published: December 2024

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Objective
This study aimed to establish and validate predictive models for AKI in hospitalized patients with CAP based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods
We trained and externally validated 5 machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and deep forest (DF). Feature selection was conducted using the sliding window forward feature selection technique. Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanation techniques were applied to the optimal model for visual interpretation.

Results
A total of 6371 patients with CAP met the inclusion criteria. The development of CAP-associated AKI (CAP-AKI) was recognized in 1006 (15.8%) patients. The 11 selected indicators were sex, temperature, breathing rate, diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, albumin, white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, blood urea nitrogen, and neutrophil count. The DF model achieved the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy in the internal (AUC=0.89, accuracy=0.90) and external validation sets (AUC=0.87, accuracy=0.83). Furthermore, the DF model had the best calibration among all models. In addition, a web-based prediction platform was developed to predict CAP-AKI.

Conclusions
The model described in this study is the first multicenter-validated AKI prediction model that accurately predicts CAP-AKI during hospitalization. The web-based prediction platform embedded with the DF model serves as a user-friendly tool for early identification of high-risk patients.
A Narrative-Gamified Mental Health App (Kuamsha) for Adolescents in Uganda: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: R Pozuelo Julia , Nabulumba Christine , Sikoti Doreen , Davis Meghan , Gumikiriza-Onoria Joy Louise , Kinyanda Eugene , Moffett Bianca , van Heerden Alastair , O'Mahen Heather A , Craske Michelle ,   DoBAt & Ebikolwa Consortium, Sulaiman Munshi , Stein Alan 
Published: December 2024

Background
Many adolescents in Uganda are affected by common mental disorders, but only a few affordable treatment options are available. Digital mental health interventions offer promising opportunities to reduce these large treatment gaps, but interventions specifically tailored for Ugandan adolescents are limited.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Kuamsha program, an intervention delivered through a gamified app with low-intensity telephonic guidance, as a way to promote mental health among adolescents from the general population in Uganda.

Methods
A 3-month pre-post single-arm trial was conducted with adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years living in Wakiso District, Central Uganda. The intervention was coproduced with adolescents from the study site to ensure that it was culturally acceptable. The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were evaluated using an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach. Feasibility was assessed by collecting data on trial retention rates and treatment adherence rates. Acceptability was assessed through a questionnaire and in-depth interviews with participants following the conclusion of the intervention period. As a secondary objective, we explored the changes in participants’ mental health before and after the intervention.

Results
A total of 31 adolescents were recruited for the study. Results from the study showed high levels of feasibility and acceptability. Trial retention rates exceeded 90%, and treatment adherence was ≥80%. These results, evaluated against our predefined trial progression criteria, indicate a successful feasibility study, with all criteria exceeding the thresholds necessary to progress to a larger trial. App engagement metrics, such as time spent on the app and modules completed, exceeded existing literature benchmarks, and many adolescents continued to use the app after the intervention. In-depth interviews and questionnaire responses revealed high acceptability levels. Depressive symptoms trended toward reduction (mean difference: 1.41, 95% CI –0.60 to 3.42, Cohen d=0.30), although this was not statistically significant (P=.16). Supporting this trend, we also observed a reduction in the proportion of participants with moderate depressive symptoms from 32% (10/31) to 17% (5/29) after the intervention, but this change was also not significant (P=.10).

Conclusions
This study presents evidence to support the Kuamsha program as a feasible and acceptable digital mental health program for adolescents in Uganda. A fully powered randomized controlled trial is needed to assess its effectiveness in improving adolescents’ mental health.
Epidemiology of homicide: homicide method and demographic status of victim recorded at Sardjito General Hospital
Authors: Jessica Theresia , Pidada Surya , Widagdo Hendro 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study aims to find out associations between the demographic factors for a person to become a homicide victim in Indonesia and the possible method of homicide-related. We hypothesize that there is an association between the demographic status of the homicide victim and the homicide methods and even between the homicide method and incident time themselves.
Methods: By using visum et repertum of the homicide victims that were recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2005-2015. The baseline characteristics are above 15-year-old victims who lived in Bantul District, Sleman District, Yogyakarta City, Kulon Progo District, and Gunungkidul District with identified age, sex, and homicide method and had their incident time recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital. The victim’s age, sex, occupation, marital status, and socioeconomic were analyzed to determine if there is any association found to the homicide method that includes homicide method and incident time that the homicide occurred. The association within the homicide method was also analyzed using the same method.
Results: Of the 105 homicide victims who had a Visum et Repertum made at the dr. Sardjito General Hospital, most of the homicide victims were male, 20-40 years old, worked for private, were married, had high socioeconomic status, were murdered by blunt force trauma with bleeding as a mechanism of death, during night time and in outside settings. The result shows that the homicide method is found to be significantly associated with sex, as socioeconomic status only affects females. Meanwhile, the incident time of the homicide is related to the age of the victim. The association between the two variables of the homicide method was only found if the victim is male, where poisoning is more likely to occur during daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night.
Conclusion: Associations between homicide methods and some of the demographic statuses were found. Male victims with poisoning of homicide method are more likely to occur during the daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night.
Regional Report
Authors: Asaala Evelyne 
Published: December 2024

This report covers developments related to transnational crimes for the period between 1988-2024 in Eastern/North Eastern Africa countries. Eastern/North Eastern African countries include: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, Federal Republic of Somali, South Sudan, Sudan, Egypt, Eritrea, Mauritius, Djibouti, Seychelles and Comoros. These developments are discussed in three categories: Treaty Agreements and National legislations; institutional mechanisms in place; and significant case laws.
Characterization of seminal fluid peptides/proteins of male <i>Helicoverpa armigera </i>and their plausible role in post-copulatory modulation of female reproductive behaviour
Authors: Thyloor Rama , Bhogegowda Kiran Kumar H. , Manjulakumari Doddamane 
Published: December 2024

In many insect species, female reproductive output is determined by male ejaculate components such as seminal fluid, plasma, and male accessory gland (MAG) peptides. These elements have additional roles in affecting insect receptivity and mating physiology. Studies indicate that the peptides/proteins of the male insects’ seminal fluid are responsible for these behavioural changes in female Helicoverpa armigera insects. In particular, the virgin male’s MAG peptide induces mating receptivity inhibition approximately 12 h after eclosion (emergence), which reaches peak concentration approximately at 24 h. This time coincides with the male’s mating time, and is transferred to female moths during copulation. The aim of the study was to purify and characterize the virgin male’s MAG-duplex peptides/proteins by biochemical and bioinformatics analysis. Analysis yielded a peptide of 5 kDa molecular weight. In insects several conserved proteins belonging to members of multigene families control a wide range of reproduction and related physiological processes. Data mining of the MAG‑duplex peptides utilizing the public protein repository identified six proteins (heat shock proteins, diazepam-binding inhibitor, elongation factor 1 alpha, odorant-binding protein, serpin, and thioredoxin) with diverse functions. The diazepam-binding inhibitor protein, which binds coenzyme A and thiol esters of long fatty acids, was unique to H. armigera. The molecular evolutionary analysis of the proteins independently supports the widely accepted theory that genes in gene families with roles in reproduction have evolved over a generational time scale.
Murzas and Service Tatars in the Russian-Polish War of 1654–1667
Authors: Nogmanov Aidar Ilsurovich 
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the participation of murzas and service Tatars in the Russian-Polish War of 1654–1667. This study is the first attempt to analyze this problem in Russian historiography. Relying primarily on documents of the Military Records Office published in the "Acts of the Moscow State", author determines the informative possibilities of this corpus of sources. Tatars from different regions of Central Russia and the Volga region participated in the war with Poland. In addition to the local army, they served in regiments of "new formation" (raitars, dragoons and soldiers), the importance of which grew as the military conflict developed. The establishment of this fact is a new word in the historiography of the service Tatars, as well as clarification of various circumstances of military service.
For citation: Nogmanov A.I. Murzas and Service Tatars in the Russian-Polish War of 1654–1667. From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region. 2024, vol.14, no.4, pp.39–49. https://doi.org/10.22378/2410-0765.2024-14-4.39-49 (In Russian)
Assessment of Yield and Quality Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Restorer Lines through Genetic Diversity and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Patel Teena Patel , Singh S. K. , Anand Kumar Jai , Bichwar Nagesh 
Published: December 2024

The experiment was conducted during kharif (July to November, 2020) at Seed Breeding Farm, Rice Improvement Project, Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India to study genetic diversity and principal component analysis (PCA) in 80 fertility restorer lines of rice. Using the Tocher method, the genotypes were divided into 13 clusters, with Cluster I being the largest, comprising 64 genotypes. Cluster V included five genotypes, while the other clusters each contained only one genotype. The D2 statistics revealed that Cluster V, which comprised the genotypes Laxmi-144, CANP-318, ANP-526, JNPT-782, and JNPT-767, exhibited the highest intra-cluster distance. Maximum inter-cluster distance was found between Clusters IX and XIII, followed by Clusters IV and XIII. Cluster mean values suggest that genotypes R-710 and 1E-TP-2 contribute major yield and quality traits, while genotype AD02207 contribute to improve yield-attributing traits. PCA identified eight principal components with Eigenvalue exceeding 1.00, captured 77.4% of total variability. These PCs contributed the traits having high value in terms of yield and quality. The rotated component matrix revealed that the PC1 accounted for the highest variability. Genotypes JNPT-782, AD02207, NP-9165 and ANP-526 reported elevated scores in these PCs hence will lead to superior cross combinations in terms of both yield and quality. Biplot analysis was also performed for trait-based genotype selection.
Results of gravity modeling of the central part of the Korsun-Novomyrhorod pluton (Ukrainian Shield)
Authors: Mikheeva T.L. , Drogytska G.M. , Lapina O.P. 
Published: December 2024

Three-dimensional gravity modeling of the Gorodishchen and Smilyan gabbro-anorthosite massifs, located in the central part of the Korsun’-Novomirgorod pluton (Ukrainian shield), was performed. A three-dimensional model of the upper crust of the research area was developed using maps of the anomalous gravity field of 1:200 000 scale, taking into account the results of detailed seismic studies by the methods of the RWM (reflected wave method) and CDP (common depth point). Differences in the structure of the intrusive complex of the anorthosite-rapakivi granite formation and the gneisses of the Ingulo-Ingulets series surrounding it were reflected in the seismic wave fields, which made it possible to determine the boundaries of the entire intrusive. For separating the basic rocks and rapakivi granites that differ in their density, three-dimensional gravity modeling was performed using computer technology of automated interpretation of geophysical data based on the trial and error method. For the geological objects parameterization, an approximation model is proposed, which is represented by a set of three-dimensional rod bodies.
In the process of solving the inverse problem, various criteria for local optimization of gravitaty field sources were implemented. Three different functionalswere calculated during the iterative process. It is proved that the joint use of the functionals allows to reduce various types of noise in the observed gravity data. During the solving the inverse problem we found out that using of various types of functionals in the algorithms of trial and error methods is quite appropriate.
Three-dimensional gravity modeling made it possible to identify and outline gabbro-anorthosite bodies in the upper part of the section with maximum thickness of up to 4—5 km, to clarify the shape and dimensions of the rapakivi granites, and to study the contacts of the intrusive complex with the gneisses surrounding it. The obtained model, which takes into account all the available information on density and geometric parameters of the anomaly forming objects, could be used to obtain additional reliable geological information about the structure of the Gorodishchensk and Smilyan gabbro-anorthosite massifs.
The reliability of this algorithm for three-dimensional trial and error gravity method, using an approximation model in the form of a three-dimensional rods construction, allows us to recommend it for the study of similar gabbro-anorthosite massifs of the Ukrainian Shield, primarily the Korosten pluton.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR FOOD & BEVERAGE PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIBEL MODERASI
Authors: Sati Mutiara Laras , Dwilita Handriyani , Fachruddin Wan 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh leverage dan likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas dengan ukuran Perusahaan sebagai variabel moderasi. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 19 perusahaan sub sektor food and beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, periode tahun 2020 hingga 2023. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Leverage berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t-statistik sebesar 6.311>2.09302. Likuiditas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t-statistik 3.450 >2.09302. Ukuran perusahaan memperkuat pengaruh Leverage terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t-statistik 2,069 >2.09302. Ukuran perusahaan memperkuat pengaruh Likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai t-statistik 3,377 >2.09302.