bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The State Policy in the Field of Preserving the Historical and Cultural Heritage in the 1990s in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Litvin Aleksandr Alterovich , Muratova Daria Vladimirovna , Zakirova Roza Rafailovna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study describes the main outcome of the state policy in the field of protection of markers of past and culture in the 1990s in the Republic of Tatarstan. In the period under review, there was a transition from centralized management of culture to various forms of cultural activities, partnerships and financing. Identified the main problems of preserving the historical and cultural heritage in this period and highlighted such important issues, as the adoption in 1996 of the Law of the RT “On the Protection and Use of Cultural and Historical Values” [Law of the Republic of Tatarstan, 1996], the formation of the Kazan Kremlin Museum-Preserve, the implementation of the Program for the Elimination of Dilapidated Housing [9], establishment of the Scientific and Production Department of the State Control of the shield and application of columns of History and practice of the Ministry of education of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as the edition of the order of the leader of the Republic of Tatarstan “On the celebration of the 1000th anniversary of the founding of the city of Kazan” and the beginning of international cooperation for the preservation of cultural heritage.
Analysis of the Possibility of Using Low Speed Two-Stroke Dual-Fuel Engines for Propulsion of Sea-Going Vessels
Authors: Giernalczyk Mariusz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of gas/LNG to supply marine engines in addition to tangible economic benefits is also a method of limiting emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere and meeting strict environmental protection regulations, especially in special areas.
The technology of supplying liquid and gas fuels (Dual Fuel) is most easily used in four-stroke engines but the highest thermal efficiency is ensured by combustion two-stroke piston engines. However, in the first two-stroke dual-fuel engines, the gas supply installation was more complicated than in the four-stroke engine. It resulted, among others from the necessity of compressing the gas to high pressures (15÷30 MPa), for which extremely energy-consuming multi-stage compression systems were needed. The complicated technical system is inherently prone to failures, which is why the dual-fuel low-speed two-stroke diesel engines remained for a long period in the design and experimental phase. In recent years, there has been a significant breakthrough thanks to the introduction of new solutions with the possibility of supplying two-stroke engines with low-pressure gas (less than 1.6 MPa). In recent years, many ships powered by two-stroke, dual-fuel internal combustion engines were commissioned. Some ship-owners owning a fleet of LNG carriers with two-stroke diesel engines that so far have been powered only by liquid fuels have decided to adapt them to gas combustion. This required the adaptation of the engine for gas combustion and the expansion of the supply gas fuel system.
This paper is an attempt to analyse the legitimacy of introducing two-stroke, dual-fuel internal combustion engines into the propulsion system and adaptation of engines that are already used to burn gas in them. It presents the changes introduced on one of the LNG gas carriers consisting in adapting the engine to gas combustion through modification of the cylinder head and fuel supply installation. Parameter results of the modified engines obtained during sea trials have been presented. Both advantages and disadvantages resulting from gas combustion have been pointed out. Finally, the possibility of this solution application to other LNG carriers was assessed.
Magnetic Memory Inspection of an Overhead Crane Girder – Experimental Verification
Authors: Kosoń-Schab Agnieszka , Smoczek Jarosław , Szpytko Janusz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The safety and efficiency of material handling systems involve periodical inspections and evaluation of transportation device technical conditions. That is particularly important in case of industrial cranes, since they are subjected to a large impact load and mechanical stresses acting on the crane's structure and equipment. The paper considers the possibility of a crane structure inspection using the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method. As an advanced non-destructive technique, this method can be employed for inspection of crane structure during operation, which leads to reduce the down time costs and increase the safety confidence in the monitoring process. The MMM technique is effective for early identification of the possible defect location and detecting the micro-damage in ferromagnetic structures through detecting the stress concentration areas. The basic principle of MMM method is the self-magnetic flux leakage signal that correlates with the degree of stress concentration. This method allows detecting early damage of ferromagnetic material through performing measurement in the earth magnetic field, without the use of a special magnetizing device. The paper presents the experimental results carried out on the double-girder overhead travelling crane with hoisting capacity 1000 kg. The influence of the load variation and duration time on the intensity of the self-magnetic flux leakage signal is analysed and discussed.
Analysis of the Impact of Changes in Flight Speed and Altitude on Emission Indexes of Pollutants in Jet Engine Exhausts
Authors: Pawlak Małgorzata , Kuźniar Michał 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In currently implemented international aviation strategies and programs, including those realised under the European Union policy, such as Clean Sky, SES, SESAR and, CORSIA, the environmental aspect is particularly prominent – reducing the emission of all gaseous pollutants, and from 2020 also particulate matter. Therefore, it is important to know how the change in flight parameters (altitude, speed) affects the emission of pollutants in jet engine exhausts. Such information will enable to adjust the flight altitude of the aircraft when ecological aspect is taken into consideration. In addition to the operating condition (altitude, flight speed, range of power or thrust), the amount and type of pollutants emitted depends on the type of aircraft, its aerodynamic characteristics, engine type and as well as on the type of fuel used.
The impact of changes in aircraft flight parameters (speed and altitude) on the performance of a bypass jet engine and the emission of pollutants in its exhausts is analysed in the paper. For this purpose, the speed-altitude characteristics of such an engine were determined. Next, the emission indexes (EI) for the LTO phase taken from the ICAO database were used to determine the emission indexes corresponding to given parameters of both the engine operation and the aircraft flight. For selected speeds and cruising altitudes, the value of thrust required for the flight of the aircraft was determined and to this value, the engine operation range was assigned as well the corresponding pollutant emission indexes. This allowed to calculate the mass of pollutants emitted per unit of time for given flight parameters. The results obtained are presented in the graphs and discussed.
Simulation of Boundary States of Helicopter Flight
Authors: Stanisławski Jarosław 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Results of simulation of main rotor blade loads and deformations, which can be generated during boundary states of helicopter flight, are presented. Concerned cases of flight envelope include hover at maximum height, level flight at high velocity, pull-up manoeuvres applying cyclic pitch and mixed collective and cyclic control. The simulation calculations were executed for data of light helicopter with three-bladed articulated rotor. For analysis, the real blades are treated as elastic axes with distributed masses of blade segments. The model of deformable blade allows for out-of-plane bending, in plane bending, and torsion. For assumed flight state of helicopter, the equations of rotor blades motion are solved applying Runge-Kutta method. According to Galerkin method, for each concerned azimuthal position of blade the parameters of its motions are assumed as a combination of considered bending and torsion eigen modes of the blade. The loads of rotor blades generated during flight depend due to velocity of flight, helicopter mass, position of rotor axis in air and deflections of swashplate that correspond to collective and cyclic pitch angle applied to rotor blades. The results of simulations presenting rotor loads and blade deformations are shown in form of time-runs and as plots of rotor-disk distributions. The simulations of helicopter flight states may be useful for prediction the conditions of flight-tests without exceeding safety boundaries or may help to define limitations for manoeuvre and control of helicopter.
Comparison of Image Analysis Methods on the Example of Ultrasonic Thermography of an Aramid Composite
Authors: Świderski Waldemar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Infrared thermography using ultrasound thermal excitation of the tested material is one of the most effective methods in non-destructive testing of a multi-layer aramid composite. This type of material is very popular in the construction of light ballistic armours. Typical defects are delamination between layers of aramid fabric joined by resin. They are usually filled with air. Delamination located deep under the surface of the test generates very weak temperature signals. They are often at the level of noise. To reduce the impact of noise on the detection of a defect, special methods of image analysis (thermograms) are used. Such methods include principal component analysis and wavelet analysis. Principal Component Analysis is a relatively new procedure of statistical data treatment, which is becoming increasingly popular in non-destructive testing. Mathematically, it is often regarded as implementation of the so-called singular values decomposition technique, which allows extracting of spatial information from a matrix of source data. The wavelet analysis is an integral transform, which represents the convolution of an analysed process with a special mother function called wavelet. Wavelets are characterized by two parameters: scale and shift. The paper presents a comparison of the efficacy of these methods in the detection of defects in the multilayer composite reinforced aramid fibre.
Use of Cryptography Principles in Digital Registration Devices
Authors: Szokało Agnieszka Aleksandra , Rychter Marcin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cryptography is a field of science necessary to solve problems with encryption of classified messages. The security of electronic information is an integral part of the digital tachography system. From year to year, there is a noticeable increase in electronic data logging systems in many aspects of life. The control measures created for the purpose of performing roadside checks are not sufficient to detect all violations in the recording equipment. Many violations that have occurred during the use of the vehicle are stored in the device’s memory. The article describes the basic mathematical rules illuminating cryptography. The hazards to which the motion sensor installed in the vehicle may be exposed are described. Breaking safety in transport systems may lead to incorrect results of inspections carried out while the vehicle is stopped by authorized services. The article also provides information on the authorities responsible for issuing cards for digital tachographs. Nowadays, documents are increasingly issued with the use of a digital signature. The digital signature of its origin is based on the principles of cryptography. The security key seems to be complicated for the average user. The article discusses the topic of tachograph construction, in particular the schematic responsible for information encryption.
Stability of Wheeled Armoured Personnel Carrier Firing Sideways
Authors: Wiśniewski Andrzej , Rybak Piotr 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the most important and commonly used means of transport in the armed forces of various countries is wheeled armoured personnel carriers. After proper preparation, beside transport tasks, they can carry out special tasks, as part of regular and irregular activities within purpose of supporting actions of troops. This paper presents preliminary results of numerical research of wheeled armoured personnel carrier with 8x8-drive system. The effect of impact of large calibre cannon (120 mm) with reduced recoil force on transporter behaviour was investigated. The research object model consists of shell, solid and discrete elements. The research was carried out in the LS-DYNA software. Considered variant applies to sideways firing (to the left of the vehicle) for cannon elevation angle 16 deg. Numerical model of standing still on the flat ground wheeled armoured personnel carrier was preloaded with the gravitational force. The results of post-firing vehicle behaviour including angular displacement of the hull, dynamic deflections of the suspensions and impact on the stability of the wheeled vehicle were evaluated.
Inverse Problem of Selection of the Theoretical Cycle for the Real Cycle of Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Żmudka Zbigniew , Postrzednik Stefan , Przybyła Grzegorz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The effectiveness of work of an internal combustion engine can be assessed by means of the energy efficiency: theoretical, internal and effective... In the problem regarding the efficiency of obtaining a work from the tested SI engine, the theoretical Seiliger-Sabathe cycle was adopted as a reference model for the real engine cycle. For comparison, the OTTO cycle was also analysed. The engine indicating allows direct determination only of internal work. However, determining the work of the theoretical cycle first requires solving the problem of selecting the parameters of the theoretical cycle, according to the real cycle of the engine (inverse problem). In order uniquely to determine the course of the theoretical Seiliger-Sabathe cycle, it is necessary to determine the parameters of the starting point and the heat distribution number. The selection of the theoretical cycle for the real cycle, within the scope of determining the number of heat distribution, is to some extent of a contractual nature. Therefore, the problem of determining the number of heat distribution was solved by two own original methods. A comparison of the real cycle with the theoretical cycle determined for it is presented.
Applying of Neural Networks for Testing of Tracers with using of Empirical Data
Authors: Ampuła Dariusz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An attempt of designing artificial neural networks for empirical laboratory test results tracers No. 5, No. 7 and No. 8 was introduced in the article. These tracers are applied in cartridges with calibres from 37 mm to 122 mm which are still used and stored both in the marine climate and land. The results of laboratory tests of tracers in the field of over 40 years of tests have been analysed. They have been properly prepared in accordance with the requirements that are necessary to design of neural networks. Only the evaluation module of these tracers was evaluated, because this element of tests, fulfilled the necessary assumptions needed to build artificial neural networks. Several hundred artificial neural networks have been built for each type of analysed tracers. After an in-depth analysis of received results, it was chosen one the best neural network, the main parameters of which were described and discussed in the article. Received results of working built of neural networks were compared with previously functioning manual evaluation module of these tracers. On the basis conducted analyses, proposed the modification of functioning test methodology by replacing the previous manual evaluation modules through elaborated automatic models of artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks have a very important feature, namely they are used in the prediction of specific output data. This feature successfully used in diagnostic tests of other elements of ammunition.
Visualization of SCANTER and ARPA Radar Data in the Distributed Teleinformation System for the Border Guard
Authors: Czaplewski Bartosz , Kaczmarek Sylwester , Litka Jacek 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Monitoring of country maritime border is an important task of the Border Guard. This activity can be enhanced with the use of the technology enabling gathering information from distributed sources, processing of that information and its visualization. The paper presents the next stage of development of the STRADAR project (Streaming of real-time data transmission in distributed dispatching and teleinformation systems of the Border Guard), which is realized for the security and defence of the country. In the paper, storing, processing and visualization of the radar data, which is one of the tasks of the discussed scientific and research project, is described. Firstly, the general principle of radar data flow in the system was presented. Secondly, technical software description was described. Finally, radar data visualization functionality was presented.
Hybrid determinant model of the coffee entrepreneurship
Authors: Martínez Muñoz Enrique , Carreón Guillén Javier , Sánchez Sánchez Arturo , Espinoza Morales Francisco , Anguiano Salazar Fermín , Bucio Pacheco Christian , García Lirios Cruz , Quintero Soto María Luisa 
Published: November 2019

The exploration of the relationships between the determinants of entrepreneurship was the objective of this work. A non-experimental study was carried out with a non-probabilistic selection of 300 coffee farmers affiliated to the microfinance program. Is observed a structure of five factors: representations, habitus, fields, capital, capabilities and enterprise that explained 54% of the total variance explained, although the research design limited findings local scenario, suggesting the inclusion of variables that the literature identifies sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables to establish entrepreneurial profiles according to risk events; landslides, fires, droughts, floods, frosts or earthquakes
Comparativo nacional del campo laboral musical: Caso de estudio egresados del Centro de Estudios de Jazz Xalapa
Authors: Morales Herrera Yarai 
Published: November 2019

La cultura y las artes es un medio para difundir un mensaje, esta ocasión es el turno de los músicos, con la finalidad de valorar la profesionalización de este sector, se hace una propuesta educativa desde un análisis interno de una colaboradora de la Universidad Veracruzana.
PENGARUH COGNITIVE DAN AFFECTIVE ONLINE SHOPPING EXPERIENCE TERHADAP E-LOYALTY PADA GENERASI MILLENIAL YANG BERBELANJA DI SITUS BELANJA ONLINE
Authors: Farida Ida , Roesman Renny Risqiani 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of online customer shopping experience on electronic satisfaction, electronic trust and electronic loyalty. The online customer experience is divided into cognitive and affective online shopping experiences. Data was collected from 143 respondents. The Structural Equation Model method is used to analyze data using hypothesis testing.The results showed that the state of cognitive experience had a strong influence on e-satisfaction but the state of affective experience did not have a significant effect on e-satisfaction. E-satisfaction has a significant influence on electronic trust and loyalty.The managerial implications of this research is that e-satisfaction plays an important role in building consumer trust and loyalty. To build e-satisfaction, the perceived customer experience is necessary especially the experience that comes from experiential cognitive state obtained customer. The limitations of this study are in terms of numbers that are less representative so that further research is expected to expand the area used as the object of study and increase the number of respondents to the study so that the results obtained are expected to be better.
ENERGIA FOTOVOLTAICA RESIDENCIAL: UMA ANÁLISE ECONÔMICO FINANCEIRA DE VIABILIDADE
Authors: Serafim Junior Valdir , Sbaraini Álvaro Henrique , Goulart Cristiano , Hort Juliane Vanderlinde , Feiden Armin 
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo analisou a viabilidade econômico-financeira da instalação de um sistema de energia solar fotovoltaica, com cálculos de análise financeiros como VPL, TIR, tempo de retorno de investimento (payback), objetivando a possibilidade de redução de custos de uma residência na região da Costa Oeste do Paraná com a análise de perfil de possíveis usuários. Caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa aplicada de tipologia exploratória, bibliográfica e descritiva, gerando análises qualitativas e quantitativas, utilizando-se de métodos de análise financeira, gerando resultados para a tomada de decisão. Os resultados encontrados revelam que os entrevistados tem perfil de pequenos consumidores e estariam dispostos a investir em um sistema de energia fotovoltaica, quanto a viabilidade do investimento, foi identificado através da análise do payback descontado, que o mesmo terá retorno em 34,92% do tempo de sua vida útil estimada, correspondente a 8,73 anos apresentando uma TIR - Taxa Interna de Retorno de 8%, superior à taxa mínima de atratividade utilizada de 6,99% a.a., correspondente ao rendimento acumulado da poupança no ano de 2017, além também de benefícios ambientais pelo uso de fonte de energia renovável.
Hypozonal orogenic gold mineralization in the Giyani Goldfield, Northern Kaapvaal Craton/Limpopo Complex
Authors: Smit C.A. , Van Reenen D.D. , McCourt S. , Huizenga J.M. , Belyanin G. , Vafeas N.A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper reviews published and unpublished geological data pertaining to the structural and metamorphic controls, rock types, characteristic features, source, and timing of hypozonal orogenic gold mineralization in the Giyani Goldfield. The Giyani Goldfield includes the NW domain of the &gt;3.0 Ga Giyani greenstone belt (GGB) at the northern edge of the Kaapvaal Craton and the southern retrograde hydrated domain of the juxtaposed Southern Marginal Zone (SMZ) of the ca. 2.72 Ga Limpopo Complex (LC). Mineralization at all gold mines and gold prospects of the Giyani Goldfield is structurally controlled and closely associated with the Hout River shear zone (HRSZ) and associated smaller shear zones suggesting a specific tectonic setting. This tectonic setting is the direct consequence of thrusting the SMZ of the LC against and over the adjacent GGB at the position of the steeply north-dipping (south verging) HRSZ during the exhumation stage of the ca. 2.72 to 2.69 Ga Limpopo orogeny followed by regional retrograde hydration of the southern part of the SMZ at ca. 2.68 to 2.62 Ga. This tectonic setting offers an explanation for a deep-seated crustal source for gold and for the concentration of orogenic gold mineralization within specific structural features located within the Giyani Goldfield. This tectonic setting also explains the lithological, structural and metamorphic complexity, metasomatic alteration and post-peak metamorphic timing of gold mineralization. Finally, it provides important clues with regards to a crustal source for gold mineralizing fluids and the identification of new potential targets for gold exploration in the Giyani Goldfield.