bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALS Curriculum Implementation for Juvenile Delinquents in Urban and Rural Areas in the Philippines: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Borela Vandon 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The aim of this research study is to evaluate the implementation of Alternative Learning System (ALS) curriculum offered to juvenile delinquents in urban and rural areas in the Philippines. The study also aims to determine whether the current education programs meet the needs of the juvenile delinquents with reference to Juvenile delinquency acts. The study is an attempt to highlight the aspects of Alternative Learning System (ALS) that should be developed.
Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is qualitative and conducted in Marikina City and Rizal province, the Philippines. This study used exploratory study analysis. The respondents are the Alternative Learning System (ALS) teachers. For data collection, three semi-structured interviews were employed and the respondents’ answers were categorized using analytical coding to compare and analyze the implementation of the ALS curriculum for juvenile delinquents.
Findings: The interpretation and analysis of the data collected shows that the ALS teachers from both the rural and urban areas have the same experiences on the implementation of the ALS program for juvenile delinquents in terms of curriculum, instruction and assessment. Furthermore, the teachers gave an emphasis that once the juvenile delinquents undergo the program, they are given a new hope and new direction in life to pursue their dreams. Lastly, the teachers from both areas have the same suggestions for the improvement of the implementation of the program, such as additional funds for the development of quality learning materials, increasing the number of learning centers, and designing various forms of assessment.
Practical Implications: The study will contribute positively to the understanding of Alternative learning System. The significance of this study lies in the comparison of the alternative learning system curriculum and how it is implemented to the juvenile delinquents in urban and in rural areas.
Originality/value: This study engages ALS teachers in assessing the ALS curriculum, reflecting actual experiences to meet the expectations and needs of the juvenile delinquents.
COVID-19 disease: novel clinical manifestations and therapeutic exploration
Authors: Liu Chun , Huang Qiang , Wang PingXi , Wu HuaPing , Deng ShuKai , Liu Dan , Xiang ChunFeng , Gao Qiang , Zeng FanWei , Zheng XiangDe 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionThis study aims to provide further clarifications on some new clinical characteristics of COVID-19 recently discovered by our research group.Material and methodsIn this single-centred, retrospective study, we collected all confirmed cases of COVID-19 diagnosed in Dazhou, Sichuan, China from January 23 to February 25, 2020. All the cases were either imported from Wuhan or transmitted in family clusters. We analysed general information on all patients. Meanwhile, the contents of lactic acid, Fib-C, and D-dimer in the serum of patients were detected.ResultsThe study included 37 patients diagnosed as having COVID-19, the average age of the patients was 45.76 ±13.1 years. The average positive time of nucleic acid in pharyngeal swabs was 20.65 ±6.7 days. A total of 4 (10.8%) patients were asymptomatic. On serological examination, 33 (89.1%) patients had increased lactic acid, 17 patients had increased fibrinogen C (Fib-C), and 5 patients had increased D-dimer. Of all patients, 29 were positive for COVID-19-specific antibodies. We also detected COVID-19 nucleic acid in faecal specimens from 4 patients. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found in the sputum of 1 patient. A total of 4 patients received psychological intervention. Lopinavir/ritonavir and Abidol may not be effective in treating COVID-19.ConclusionsIn the serum of most COVID-19-infected patients, lactic acid was higher than normal, and COVID-19-specific antibody was positive. Fib-C and D-dimer in the serum of some infected patients increased. Lopinavir/ritonavir and Abidol have little effect on shortening the positive time of viral nucleic acid in patients.
Discriminating factors excluding patients from a catheter-based left atrial appendage closure and an outcome analysis of non-intervened and intervened patients
Authors: Fastner Christian , Jabbour Claude , Behnes Michael , Sartorius Benjamin , Wenke Annika , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Ansari Uzair , Borggrefe Martin , Akin Ibrahim 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionThe catheter-based left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has evolved as an alternative to oral anticoagulation (OAC) among non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients in whom long-term OAC is contraindicated. In daily practice, however, a sizeable number of patients who have been referred for an LAAC do not receive this intervention. This study aimed primarily to investigate the factors deterring the practice of an LAAC in referred AF patients, and secondarily to compare the complication rates of intervened patients with those who had refused the intervention within one year.Material and methodsThis retrospective single-centre study includes 200 patients. After a thoroughly conducted clinical selection process, 161 of these patients (80.5%) were excluded from receiving an LAAC intervention.ResultsAn analysis comparing these patients to those receiving an LAAC reveales that a higher proportion of intervened patients had suffered a prior gastrointestinal bleeding (48.7 vs. 28.0%; p = 0.013) as well as a haemorrhagic stroke (12.8 vs. 2.5%; p = 0.015), and was not anticoagulated at the time of presentation (35.9 vs. 14.9%; p = 0.006). The main reason for not conducting the procedure was patient refusal (62.1%) followed by multimorbidity (16.8%). The annual rate of ischaemic strokes and bleedings among patients refusing the intervention was 2.1% and 29.5%, respectively, and this was not statistically different from the intervened patients (each p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe reasons why patients did not undergo the catheter-based LAAC were mainly reluctance for the procedure and multimorbidity. Furthermore, it could be assumed that the potential benefit of the LAAC may not be realised within the first year.
Breast artery calcification as a predictor of coronary artery calcification: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Seifi Batool , Javadrashid Reza , Seifi Fatemeh , Khamanian Jhila , Zarrintan Armin , Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionCoronary artery disease is the main cause of burden of disease in the world. Coronary calcification is seen as an aetiopathological event in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that breast artery calcification, which is routinely found in mammography of elderly women, could be predictive of coronary artery calcification.Material and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 60 women over 40 years of age were included. All of these patients had undergone mammography after having an indication to undergo a computed tomography-angiography. Breast arterial calcification and calcium scores were determined for each patient, and the paired-t test was used to analyse the data.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 49.52 ± 8.83 years. Of these 60 women, 50% were postmenopausal and 50% were not. In 37 (61.7%) cases, mild to severe coronary calcification was observed, and 50 (83.3%) had mild to severe breast arterial calcification. There was a significant correlation between coronary calcification and breast artery calcification (p = 0.001), and there was also a significant relationship between coronary calcification and postmenopausal calcification (p < 0.001).ConclusionsBreast artery calcification can be a suitable predictor for coronary artery calcification and is a valid method for predicting cardiovascular disease probability in the future.
Hydropluviometric variability in non-Sahelian West Africa: case of the Koliba/Corubal River Basin (Guinea and Guinea-Bissau)
Authors: Sambou Saly , Dacosta Honore , Diouf Rene Ndimag , Diouf Ibrahima , Kane Alioune 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Koliba/Corubal River watershed is poorly documented due to the hydrometric measurements shutdown and gaps in the very short hydropluviometric timeseries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variability of rainfall in the Basin, by simulating flows using the GR2M rain-flow model and extending the discharge timeseries. From the regional vector method, the rainfall timeseries were homogenized, and the gaps filled by the estimated values. The rank correlation and Pettitt test on annual rainfall amounts (1924–2015) indicate breaks in 1958, 1967 and 1969, leading to
rainfall deficits ranging from 9.7 % to 20.2 %. For some stations, the
segmentation method shows a recovery of rainfall towards the end of the
1980s (Gaoual, Mali) and the early 2000s (Gabu). The analysis of the temporal distribution of the Monthly Rainfall Coefficients shows an
improvement of the contributions of a few months during the period after rupture. From a hydrological point of view, the correlation between the mean annual rainfall and the runoff has allowed to extend the flow timeseries. The mean monthly rainfall calculated using the inverse square of distance method, the Potential Evapotranspiration, and the flow rates were used to calibrate and validate the model to determine the parameters that better transform rainfall in flow. The values of the Nash criteria close to 100 have made it possible to extend the monthly flow data from Koliba/Corubal to Gaoual, Cade and Tche-Tche until 2015.
Analysis of the specific water level of flood control and the threshold value of rainfall warning for small and medium rivers
Authors: Hu Yuzhong , Wang Zhaoxia , Zhou Bin , Jiang Shiqi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In order to fully use the newly-built hydrologic stations in small and medium rivers for flood warning and prevention, based on the technical line of the investigation and evaluation of flash flood disasters, different historical flood information of the warning river section was investigated, while the elevations of riverain houses were measured. The relationship between the stations and affected population has been established for the study region. According to integrated flood control capability of riverside residents, the characteristic water levers and rainfall threshold values were determined in this case. The results indicate that the warning and safety levels are 54.0 and 55.3 m, respectively. The analysis results show that the warning should be issued when the net rainfall intensity is 70 mm h−1 or 110 mm for 6 h condition. And considering the effectiveness of disaster avoidance, variable characteristic water levers of the hydrologic station for flood warning in different village were determined on the basis of the flood control capability of each village. The relationship between hydrologic numerical value and inundating influence was established in a one-to-n way.
An attempt to use the results of microtomographic studies of the surface after the period of operation in the numerical analysis of wheel-rail contacts
Authors: JOHN Antoni , Bąkowski Henryk , Brodny Jarosław 
Published: September 2020

During the contact of two bodies, their interaction causes an increase in stress and thus an increase in surface energy. Therefore, this energy, depending on the type of material, can cause physicochemical changes in it, which in turn lead to the phenomenon of decohesion. In order for the phenomenon to occur, it must be exceeded the limit of strength of the material is usually the yield point.
Depending on the material's properties (especially hardness) the time in which contact surfaces stay in contact is extremely important because the longer it is, the more energy will be transferred to the other body. In the case of materials with a high hardness, the energy is first converted into elastic and then plastic impacts, causing plastic deformation and dislocation motion, leading to the separation of material layers and its defect. However, much more plastic materials are faster than the yield point and the separation of material in the form of flaky wear debris.
The paper presents the influence of selected exploitation factors on the condition of the surface layer through the use of simulation tests using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The surface layer was mapped using a computer microtomograph and the influence of operational parameters on its condition was presented using simulation tests by means of FEM.
Galectin-3 not Galectin-9 as a candidate prognosis marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kong Fei , Jin Meishan , Cao Donghui , Jia Zhifang , Liu Yawen , Jiang Jing 
Published: September 2020

Background
Galectins (Gal) are a family of protein that bind to the β-galactoside of glycoproteins. It modulates a variety of biological functions, such as tumor growth, angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. A series of experimental and clinical evidences have been reported to support a correlation between galectin expressions and neoplastic transformation, progression and prognosis. The objective of this study was to estimate the expression of Gal-3 and Gal-9 in order to evaluate their relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) -related clinical features and their prognostic values.

Methods
We evaluated Gal-3 and Gal-9 expression in 247 HCC patients by a tissue microarray immunohistochemistry method, then analyzed the relationship between expression levels of Gal-3 and Gal-9 protein and tumor parameters or clinical outcomes.

Results
The Gal-3 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (P < 0.001), while no significant differences of Gal-9 was detected (P = 0.222). A higher Gal-3 expression was significantly associated with lymph-vascular invasion (P = 0.049), poor histological differentiation (P = 0.016), and no cirrhosis (P = 0.040). In contrast, a lower Gal-9 expression was related to lymph-vascular invasion (P = 0.012) and poor histological differentiation (P = 0.002). Survival analysis showed that patients with higher Gal-3 expression had worse overall survival (P = 0.012) , however no correlation was found between Gal-9 expression and survival (P = 0.185). Multivariate analysis showed that multiple tumor (HR = 1.94, 95% CI [1.36–2.78]), tumor size ≥ 5 cm (HR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.07–2.12]), Lymph-vascular invasion (HR = 1.45, 95% CI [1.00–2.10]) and Gal-3 expression (HR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.06–2.33]) were independent influencing factors of prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusion
Gal-3 was expected to serve as a novel prognostic marker of hepatocellular carcinoma, while Gal-9 expression was only related to tumor progression.
Developmental expression of tau proteins in the chicken and rat brain: Rapid down‐regulation of a paired helical filament epitope in the rat cerebral cortex coincides with the transition from immature to adult tau isoforms
Authors: Rösner Harald , Rebhan Michael , Vacun Gabriele , Vanmechelen Eugeen 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe monoclonal antibodies TAU‐1 and AT8 are directed at human microtubule‐associated protein tau epitopes that contain a dephosphorylated and phosphorylated Ser202, respectively, while AT180 and AT270 are anti‐tau monoclonals with epitopes that require phosphorylated Thr181 and Thr231, respectively. We used these antibodies to study the developmental profiles of tau proteins in rat cerebral cortex and chicken optic lobes. In tau extracts from perinatal rat cerebral cortex, AT8 recognized one major protein band of approximately 50 kDa that peaks on postnatal day 6 and declines rapidly to lower levels at day 12. At later stages, the AT8 epitope was expressed by several adult tau isoforms that were, however, stained only very faintly in highly enriched samples. Two additional tau epitopes recognized by AT180 and AT270 were found to be expressed by one or two protein bands up to about postnatal day 19 and then declined. Unlike the AT8 epitope, in the mature brain these epitopes were stained strongly in enriched samples, where they were expressed by a greater number of adult isoforms. Between embryonic day 19 and postnatal day 12, TAU‐1 was found to recognize one major protein band of approximately 50 kDa which migrated slightly faster than the AT8‐binding band. At postnatal day 19 and all older stages (including adult cortex), at least three additional TAU‐1‐binding isoforms with higher apparent molecular weights were present. Hence, the transition from one immature to several adult TAU‐1‐binding tau isoforms between postnatal day 12 and 19 in rat cerebral cortex coincides with the phase of rapid down‐regulation of the AT8 epitope. As in the rat cerebrum, in chicken optic lobes there is a developmental decrease of AT8‐binding proteins which is paralleled by striking changes in the electrophoretic pattern of tau isoforms recognized by TAU‐1. In both rat cerebral cortex and chicken optic lobes, the period of maximal expression of AT8‐binding tau is morphologically characterized by intense axonal growth and beginning synaptogenesis, whereas its subsequent rapid down‐regulation and the appearance of novel TAU‐1‐binding isoforms correlates with synaptic maturation, the onset of spontaneous electrical activity and the beginning of myelination.
Case management: a critical review of the outcome literature
Authors: Holloway F , Oliver N , Collins E , Carson J 
Published: July 2002

SummaryCase management has been an integral part of psychiatric practice in the United States for over a decade and has generated a large body of literature. The application of case management principles to the care of people suffering from psychiatric disorders is becoming increasingly popular in the United Kingdom and Europe and literature is now beginning to be published. However, no definitive statements about the efficacy of case management have been made due to a range of conceptual and methodological problems. The present paper is a critical review of the case management outcome literature. Reported outcomes are reviewed in the context of study design and service characteristics. The authors conclude that case management practice can have at least some impact on patients' use of services (including marked decrease in in-patient bed days); satisfaction with services; engagement with services; and social networks and relationships when it is delivered as a direct, clinical service with high staff: patient ratios. A set of recommendations are suggested for the future practice and presentation of research into case management.
Prevalence of ‘high risk’ human papillomavirus in the lower genital tract of Brazilian gravidas
Authors: Armbruster‐Moraes E , Ioshimoto L.M , Leao E , Zugaib M 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe presence of high‐risk human Papillomavirus types 16, 18 and 33 was examined in 125 pregnant patients with abnormal Papanicolau smears. Specimens of cervicovaginal cells were analyzed by a simplified method of slot‐blot hybridization. The overall prevalence of those viral sequences was 48%, being: 22.4% of HPV16, 17.6% of HPV18, 4.0% for double HPV16 and 18 infestation and 4.0% of HPV33. Their prevalence in HPV positive cervical sample was alone respectively 46.6%, 36.6%, 8.3% and 8.3%. Besides the high incidence of those carcinogenic types and intense viral proliferation, a rapid progression from CIN to carcinoma was clinically observed in four pregnant patients. Our data may reinforce the idea that progesterone has a positive role to the persistence and transformation of ‘high risk’ HPV, particularly of HPV16. The enhanced detection of potentially malignant types during pregnancy should warn on the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of papillomatosis.
Gender and activation level in smokers
Authors: Daurignac E. , Perez-Diaz F. , Grillon C. , Jouvent R. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryStudies on the enhancing effects of nicotine on performance are usually pharmacological challenges using deprived male smokers. However, gender may be a factor that influences nicotine/smoking effects upon information processing. We investigated gender differences in contingent negative variation (CNV) amplitude in non-deprived dependent smokers performing a go-no go reaction time paradigm. Female smokers did not differ from female non-smokers in both early and late CNV, whereas male smokers presented greater early and late CNV compared to male non-smokers and an alteration in inhibiting processes responsible for CNV development in the no go condition. Consistent with the evidence of gender differences in nicotine/smoking sensitivity, these preliminary results emphasize the need for taking into account gender in psychophysiological research of nicotine/smoking effects.
Fatigue‐resistant Fe‐Mn‐Si‐based alloy seismic dampers to counteract long‐period ground motion
Authors: Inoue Yasuhiko , Kushibe Atsumichi , Umemura Kenji , Mizushima Yasunori , Sawaguchi Takahiro , Nakamura Terumi , Otsuka Hiroaki , Chiba Yuya 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, resonance in high‐rise buildings due to long‐period ground motion, which induces large‐amplitude cyclic deformation of seismic dampers, has become a matter of significant concern. Performance requirements for seismic dampers that are installed in vibration‐controlled buildings have become more stringent, and durability against cyclic deformation has become essential. An Fe‐15Mn‐4Si‐10Cr‐8Ni alloy with enhanced low‐cycle fatigue resistance has been developed to produce steel seismic dampers that are durable against large‐amplitude cyclic deformations. We used this alloy to develop two types of fatigue‐resistant seismic dampers (shear panel and brace‐type) that counteract long‐period ground motion. Furthermore, cyclic loading tests were conducted to validate the deformation performance and fatigue resistance of the developed damper. The results indicated that these dampers exhibit significantly better fatigue life than conventional steel dampers and exhibit outstanding deformation performance and durability under low‐cycle fatigue. The proposed two types of dampers were installed on steel structure buildings in Japan. These dampers ensured that the buildings with seismic performance margins can withstand long‐period and long‐duration ground motion and repeated after‐quakes.
Strategies in the Analysis of Plant Flavonoids: An Update
Authors: Santos‐Buelga Celestino , González Paramás Ana M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFlavonoids are one of the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites. They comprise several thousand compounds that share a phenylchromane skeleton and can be classified into different classes, namely flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanins, dihydroflavonols, isoflavones, and chalcones. Flavonoids occur in their natural sources as aglycones or glycosylated forms and as monomers or constituting polymerized structures and can be found both as free and matrix‐bound compounds. This structural diversity affects their physicochemical behavior, and different flavonoid classes and compounds may have different requisites for their extraction and analysis, so that there is not a unique analytical strategy that applies in all situations. In this article, the main methodological approaches to the analysis of flavonoids in plant materials are revised. Particular attention is paid to more recent extraction techniques and high‐performance liquid chromatography (LC)‐based methodologies coupled to different detection systems, and especially liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) that currently dominates the field of flavonoid analysis.