bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opaque: an empirical evaluation of lobbying transparency in the UK
Authors: McKay Amy Melissa , Wozniak Antal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe government of the UK is reputed to be among the world’s most transparent governments. Yet in comparison with many other countries, its 5-year-old register of lobbyists provides little information about the lobbying activity directed at the British state. Further, its published lists of meetings with government ministers are vague, delayed, and scattered across numerous online locations. Our analysis of more than 72,000 reported ministerial meetings and nearly 1000 lobbying clients and consultants reveals major discrepancies between these two sources of information about lobbying in the UK. Over the same four quarters, we find that only about 29% of clients listed in the lobby register appear in the published record of ministerial meetings with outside groups, and less than 4% of groups disclosed in ministerial meetings records appear in the lobby register. This wide variation between the two sets of data, along with other evidence, contribute to our conclusion that the Government could have made, and still should make, the lobby register more robust.
A multilevel hypernetworks approach to capture properties of team synergies at higher complexity levels
Authors: Ribeiro João , Silva Pedro , Davids Keith , Araújo Duarte , Ramos João , J. Lopes Rui , Garganta Júlio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrevious work has sought to explain team coordination using insights from theories of synergy formation in collective systems. Under this theoretical rationale, players are conceptualised as independent degrees of freedom, whose interactions can become coupled to produce team synergies, guided by shared affordances. Previous conceptualisation from this perspective has identified key properties of synergies, the measurement of which can reveal important aspects of team dynamics. However, some team properties have been measured through implementation of a variety of methods, while others have only been loosely addressed. Here, we show how multilevel hypernetworks comprise an innovative methodological framework that can successfully capture key properties of synergies, clarifying conceptual issues concerning team collective behaviours based on team synergy formation. Therefore, this study investigated whether different synergy properties could be operationally related utilising hypernetworks. Thus, we constructed a multilevel model composed of three levels of analysis. Level N captured changes in tactical configurations of teams during competitive performance. While Team A changed from an initial 1‐4‐3‐3 to a 1‐4‐4‐2 tactical configuration, Team B altered the dynamics of the midfielders. At Level N + 1, the 2 vs. 1 (1 vs. 2) and 1 vs. 1 were the most frequently emerging simplices, both behind and ahead of the ball line for both competing teams. Level N + 2 allowed us to identify the prominent players (a6, a8, a12, a13) and their interactions, within and between simplices, before a goal was scored. These findings showed that different synergy properties can be assessed through hypernetworks, which can provide a coherent theoretical understanding of competitive team performance.
Deterministic magnetic domain wall motion induced by pulsed anisotropy energy
Authors: Rushforth A W , Rowan-Robinson R , Zemen J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We propose a method to induce deterministic motion of a magnetic domain wall in a nanowire by inducing short strain pulses uniformly along the nanowire. Via inverse magnetostriction, a strain pulse causes the magnetic anisotropy to vary uniformly on a timescale comparable to the magnetisation dynamics. The resultant torque on the magnetic moments within the domain wall cause it to move along the nanowire. Using numerical calculations we analyse in detail the dependence of the domain wall’s motion on the material’s parameters and on the anisotropy pulse profile, and we consider the specific case of the anisotropy induced by voltage pulses applied to a hybrid piezoelectric/ferromagnet device. The method will be applicable to a range of magnetic textures including skyrmions, solitons, and domain walls in antiferromagnets, and is prospective for applications in a range of areas including ultra-energy efficient information storage and processing, communications technologies, position encoding and biomedical science.
Modification of titanium implants using biofunctional nanodiamonds for enhanced antimicrobial properties
Authors: Krok Emilia , Balakin Sascha , Jung Jonas , Gross Frank , Opitz Jörg , Cuniberti Gianaurelio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The present study describes a novel antimicrobial surface using anodic oxidation of titanium and biofunctional detonation nanodiamonds (ND). ND have been loaded with antibiotics (amoxicillin or ampicillin) using poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). Successful conjugation with PDDA was determined by dynamic light scattering, which showed increase in the hydrodynamic diameter of ND agglomerates and shift of zeta potential towards positive values. The surface loading of amoxicillin was determined using UV–vis spectroscopy and the maximum of 44% surface loading was obtained. Biofunctional ND were immobilized by anodic oxidation within a titanium oxide layer, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The in vitro antimicrobial properties of ND suspensions were examined using Kirby-Bauer test with E. coli. Modified titanium surfaces comprising biofunctional ND were evaluated with E. coli inoculum by live/dead assay staining. Both biofunctional ND suspensions and modified titanium surfaces presented inhibition of bacteria growth and increase in bacteria lethality.
Recent results from Daya Bay reactor neutrino Experiment
Authors: Lu Haoqi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Neutrinos are elementary particles in the standard model of particle physics. There are 3 flavors of neutrinos that oscillate among themselves and their oscillation can be described by a 3×3 unitary matrix, containing three mixing angles θ12, θ23, θ13, and one CP phase. Both θ12 and θ23 are known from previous experiments. The Daya Bay experiment gave the first definitive non-zero value in 2012. Daya Bay use the 1230 days data to obtain the most precise measurement of sin22θ13 =0.08421±0.0027(stat.)±0.0019(syst.) and = (math) × 10−3eV2. Experiment has measured the flux and spectrum of the reactor antineutrino. Flux is consistent with previous short baseline experiments and spectrum different from prediction with significance 4.4σ in 4-6 MeV energy region. Experiment also measure the IBD yield per fission from individual isotopes (235U, 239Pu, 238U, 241Pu) and found that IBD yield of 235U is 7.8% lower than prediction. For light sterile neutrino serach, there are no hint of light sterile neutrino observed from Daya Bay data and give the most stringent limit for (math) <0.2eV2.
Quantifying the probability distribution function of the transient climate response to cumulative CO2 emissions
Authors: Spafford Lynsay , MacDougall Andrew H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Transient Climate Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions (TCRE) is the proportionality between global temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions. The TCRE implies a finite quantity of CO2 emissions, or carbon budget, consistent with a given temperature change limit. The uncertainty of the TCRE is often assumed be normally distributed, but this assumption has yet to be validated. We calculated the TCRE using a zero-dimensional ocean diffusive model and a Monte-Carlo error propagation (n = 10 000 000) randomly drawing from probability density functions of the climate feedback parameter, the land-borne fraction of carbon, radiative forcing from an e-fold increase in CO2 concentration, effective ocean diffusivity, and the ratio of sea to global surface temperature change. The calculated TCRE has a positively skewed distribution, ranging from 1.1 to 2.9 K EgC−1 (5%–95% confidence), with a mean and median value of 1.9 and 1.8 K EgC−1. The calculated distribution of the TCRE is well described by a log-normal distribution. The CO2-only carbon budget compatible with 2 °C warming is 1100 PgC, ranging from 700 to 1800 PgC (5%–95% confidence) estimated using a simplified model of ocean dynamics. Climate sensitivity is the most influential Earth System parameter on the TCRE, followed by the land-borne fraction of carbon, radiative forcing from an e-fold increase in CO2, effective ocean diffusivity, and the ratio of sea to global surface temperature change. While the uncertainty of the TCRE is considerable, the use of a log-normal distribution may improve estimations of the TCRE and associated carbon budgets.
Vegetation changes attributable to refugees in Africa coincide with agricultural deforestation
Authors: Maystadt Jean-François , Mueller Valerie , Van Den Hoek Jamon , van Weezel Stijn 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The recent adoption of the Global Compact on Refugees formally recognizes not only the importance of supporting the nearly 26 million people who have sought asylum from conflict and persecution but also of easing the pressures on receiving areas and host countries. However, few countries may enforce the Compact out of concern over the economic or environmental repercussions of hosting refugees. We examine whether narratives of refugee-driven landscape change are empirically generalizable to continental Africa, which fosters 34% of all refugees. Estimates of the causal effects of the number of refugees—located in 493 camps distributed across 49 African countries—on vegetation from 2000 to 2016 are provided. Using a quasi-experimental design, we find refugees bear a small increase in vegetation condition while contributing to increased deforestation. Such a combination is mainly explained not by land clearance and massive biomass extraction but by agricultural expansion in refugee-hosting areas. A one percent increase in the number of refugees amplifies the transition from dominant forested areas to cropland by 1.4 percentage points. These findings suggest that changes in vegetation condition may ensue with the elevation of population-based constraints on food security.
Does elevation dependent warming exist in high mountain Asia?
Authors: Li Baofu , Chen Yaning , Shi Xun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A majority of studies suggest that elevation dependent warming (EDW) has been verified in mountainous areas. However, there is some controversy about the EDW of high mountain Asia (HMA). Based on the analysis of the data from 128 meteorological stations in the entire region for 1961–2017, we found that there was no EDW in HMA on the time scale of 1961–2017 and the spatial scale of the altitude of 3500–5000 m. The EDW in HMA is the most obvious during the period of 1998–2012. In general, after 1980, there was EDW in the altitude of 2500–5000 m. The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau always has EDW phenomenon for most of the time scales while other areas only have EDW at certain periods. Therefore, we consider that the rate of warming is higher only in specific mountain areas and time scales.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Freshwater Mussel (Pilsbryoconcha sp.) Shell from Sungai Paku Village Riau Province Indonesia
Authors: Iriani D , Hasan B , Sumarto  
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Freshwater mussel (Pilsbryoconcha sp.) shell is an untapped solid waste. Information about its nutritional value is necessary to investigate. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of freshwater mussel shell flour from Sungai Paku Riau Province Indonesia. The freshwater mussel shell was taken from Sungai Paku village. The sample preparation of freshwater mussel shell was made into flour and analyzed for physical characteristics (a yield, water absorption, whiteness degree) and chemically analyzed (moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and calcium content). Based on physical characteristics the freshwater mussel shell flour contained a yield 58%, water absorption 1.67%, whiteness degree 35.49% (L*=35.81, a*=2.66, b*=5.86), meanwhile based on chemical characteristics the freshwater mussel shell contained moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate (by difference), crude fiber, and calcium content was 0.41%, 93.01%, 0.18%, 3.44%, 2.97, 1.89%, 61.39%, respectively. It was found that the freshwater mussel shell from Sungai Paku, Riau contained the nutritional value, especially high in calcium content.
The Use of Durian Seed Flour as Tapioca Substitution in Colorful Catfish Meatball Processing
Authors: Dewita  , Syahrul  , Loekman S , Restu  , Sidauruk S W 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Meatball is very popular and well-liked by all the people in Indonesia. Meatball is made from basic ingredients binding (source of starch), meat and seasonings. The source of starch in making meatball is tapioca starch. Currently, the source of starch that has not been widely used is durian seed starch, where durian seeds are by-products that are generally discarded after fruit meat is eaten. This study aimed to determine utilize durian seed flour as an alternative to tapioca substitutes, either in part or in whole in the making of colorful catfish meatball. The research method used was an experimental study, which carried out experiments in making colorful meatball with a completely randomized research design (CRD) of one factor, namely the addition of durian seed starch 0%, 50%, and 100%. The results showed that the meatball with 50% durian seed flour substitution to the best organoleptic tapioca starch both in terms of appearance, texture and taste.
Study on the Quality of Natural Flavor Powder made from Shrimp Waste
Authors: Suparmi  , Edison  , Sari N I , Sumarto  , Susilo R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aims of this study are to determine the quality of natural flavor powder from shrimp waste and obtain new application technology for application of processing shrimp waste for natural flavor powder. This study using Completely Randomized Design non factorial. The treatment is adding wheat flour in three steps, they are without adding wheat flour (R0), adding wheat flour 1:1 (R1), and adding wheat flour 1:2 (R2) with three replications. This study results yield about 369.185%. Different quantity of wheat flour give effect to organoleptic value (flavor and aroma), the best treatment is R0 with flavor value is 4.17 and aroma value is 4.28%. Threshold value for taste is 8% at ratio 1:8 and threshold odor value for aroma is 12% at ratio of 1: 9. When dilution ratio is increase, the taste and aroma of shrimp in flavor powder is decreases until it is not detected. Shrimp flavor powder contains 17 types of amino acids, consisting of 9 essential amino acids and 8 non-essential amino acids. The highest essential amino acid is leucine which is equal to 0.362% and the highest non-essential amino acid is glutamate acid which is equal to 0.913%.
Preliminary Investigation on the Type and Ditribution of Microplastics in the West Coast of Karimun Besar Island
Authors: Amin B , Galib M , Setiawan F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
High anthropogenic activity on the west coast of Karimun Besar Island contributes certain amount of wastes, especially plastics. Plastics will be degraded due to natural mechanism to smaller parts and known as microplastics. Small size and wide spread distribution has caused microplastics can be found widely in the waters and coastal areas. This study aims to determine type and abundance of microplastic in sediment on the west coast of Karimun Besar Island. Sampling of sediment for microplastic was determined based on hydrodynamic conditions by placing quadrat in the highest tidal boundary area. Sediment samples were collected in February 2019 using 4 inch PVC pipe from two different depth, i.e 0-10 and 10-20 cm. Separation of microplastic particles from sediments was carried out in Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science University of Riau through several stages, namely (a) drying, (b) separation of densities and (c) sorting visually. The results of the study found only 3 types of microplastic, i.e. fragments, films and fibers. Microplastic abundance in sediments was found between 1976.67-2203.33 particles/kg of sediment with fibers being the dominant type. Fiber has the highest abundance in both depths followed by films and fragments. ANOVA and t-test analysis, showed that the quantity of microplastic between stations and between two different depths were not significantly different (p > 0,05).
Condition of Mangrove Ecosystems in Sungai Apit Siak Distric Based on Standard Damage Criteria and Quality Indicators Mangrove Environment
Authors: Efriyeldi E , Mulyadi A , Samiaji J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mangroves are one of the ecosystems in coastal areas that have an important role, but nowadays many are experiencing threats. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of mangrove ecosystems in Kecamatan Sungai Apit seen from standard criteria for mangrove damage and the indicators of mangrove environmental quality (species association, tree cover, seedling cover and number of seedlings species). This research was conducted in April 2018 in Kecamatan Sungai Apit, Siak Distric. The method used in this research was survey method. Types and density of mangroves were observed at three stations (Desa Lalang, Desa Bunsur and Desa Sungai Rawa) using line transects and plots. The results showed that the condition of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Kecamatan Sungai Apit based on the standard criteria of damage (Minister of Environment No. 201 of 2004), seen from the group of trees classified as damaged to good with rare to dense criteria, but when combined with a group of sapling, the conditions mangroves in Kecamatan Sungai Apit were classified as good with very dense criteria. Mangrove conditions based on indicators of mangrove environmental quality in the three stations included in the category of high environmental conditions with successively Qe values (mangrove environmental conditions) were 67.96% (Desa’Lalang), 64.37% (Desa Bunsur) and 84.68% (Desa Sungai Rawa).
Analysis of Fish Export Management in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir, Riau Province
Authors: Hendri R , Yulinda E , Hamid H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This survey research was conducted in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia on 1 March - 15 July 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of marine fish export companies, to analyze the management of marine fish exports, and to analyze the contribution of marine fish exports in Panipahan. Respondents consisted of 10 fishermen are determined purposively, and two export companies taken by census. The data collected is analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the marine fish export from Panipahan to Malaysia carried out by two companies. The frequency exports is 15 times a month. The average volume of fish per export is 43.22 tons. The types of fish that are exported are senangin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum), kembung (Scromberomorus sp.), bawal (Pampus argenteus), kelong shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus), and bawal bintang (Manta sp.). The contribution of foreign exchange from fish exports of Panipahan was IDR15.322 billion or 38% of the total foreign exchange contributed by Rokan Hilir (IDR40.320 billion).
The Status of Sustainability of Anchovy Resources in the Labuhanbatu Territorial Waters, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Warningsih T , Hendrik H , Suaseh Y 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted in August 2017 to analyze the sustainability status of anchovy resources in the Labuhanbatu territorial waters. This study used a method of secondary data analysis and surveys with samples. The data were analyzed following Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method through the RAPFISH (Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries) approach. The results indicate that the resources management in Labuhanbatu waters is less sustainable with the index value of 42.76 (<50)
The Effect of Social Capital Assets to the Success of Fisherman’s Household Moving Out of Poverty
Authors: Darwis  , Zulkarnain  
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Fisherman’s household has the important role to the utilization of marine resources, but most of them are in poverty condition. Fisherman’s household are still the dominant household of poor people in coastal areas, especially in developing countries. This research has conducted to analyze the effect of variables of Social Capital Assets to the successful household of fishermen moving out of poverty. This research was conducted by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approach. The Survey was conducted in ten coastal villages on the Bengkalis island of Riau Province, Indonesia, by in depth interviewing life story 126 samples of fisherman’s households that are still poor and 65 samples of fisherman’s households that moving out of poverty. The result of this research states that variable of social capital asset that influence to the success of fisherman’s household moving out of poverty are: Amount of social relation; Performance of fisherman’s household in fisherman group; Liveliness fisherman’s households in the fisherman group; Performance in patron and client system with fish dealer; Performance in patron and client system with other commodities dealer and performance relation in social group. Thus the success of fisherman’s households moving out of poverty is determined more by the management of social capital assets. The findings of this research in addition for contributing to the concept of community empowerment, especially on fisherman’s household.
Potency of Turmeric in Reducing Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (Mas) in Pangasius hypopthalmus
Authors: Riauwaty M , Sari T E Y , Adelina A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A study on the histological structure of kedney of Pangasius hypopthalmus that were fed with turmeric supplementation and were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila has been conducted in the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Disease, the Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Riau University from February to July 2019. There were 3 treatments applied. The first group (P1) was given diet supplemented by 0.5g of turmeric powder. The second group (P2) was given diet supplemented by 0.7g of turmeric powder. The third group (P3) was given diet supplemented of 0.9g of turmeric powder. After 14 days, the fishes were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila (0.1 ml of 109 of A. hydrophila culture). The negative control were fishes that were not receive any treatment, while the positive control were fishes that were infected with A. hydrophila, and were not given diet any supplementation of turmeric powder. Fishes were reared for 14 days and than kedney organ were obtained for histological study. Tissue sample were processed by standard histological method (formalin fixed, alcohol series, HE stained and 6 sliced). The result indicated that there were differences in the tissue of treated fishes and that of the control. Kidney tissue of the positive control shown badly damage, there were many necrotic spots, congestion, hyperplasia, hypertropy and haemorrhage. Kedney tissue of the treated fishes of P2 (0.7g of turmeric extract) shown less abnormalities such as necrotic spots and haemorrhage. It can be concluded that the turmeric supplementation in Fish feeding is able to cure A. hydrophila infection on fish.