bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Currently Available Laboratory Methods to Detect Terbinafine Resistant Dermatophytes Including a Gradient Strip for Terbinafine, EUCAST Microdilution E.Def 11.0, a Commercial Real‐Time PCR Assay, Squalene Epoxidase Sequencing and Whole Genome Sequencing
Authors: Sacheli Rosalie , Egrek Sabrina , El Moussaoui Khalid , Darfouf Rajae , Adjetey Akole Bahun , Hayette Marie‐Pierre 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTerbinafine resistance in dermatophytes is an increasing problem worldwide. Several outbreaks of terbinafine‐resistant dermatophytosis are currently occurring in India and surrounding countries, and these recent years, European countries have also been affected by this issue. Currently, antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes is not routinely performed in clinical laboratories.ObjectivesGiven the current situation and associated public health concerns, there is an urgent need for accurate and rapid detection of terbinafine resistance in laboratories. Therefore, we evaluated different methods currently available for the detection of terbinafine resistance in dermatophytes.MethodsTwenty‐eight strains previously identified as T. indotineae/mentagrophytes/interdigitale were concurrently characterised using terbinafine gradient strips (HiMedia), EUCAST E.Def 11.0 microdilution, the DermaGenius resistance PCR assay (PathoNostics), and SQLE sequencing. These four methods were compared to terbinafine resistance characterisation obtained by whole genome sequencing (WGS).ResultsAll four evaluated methods were able to detect terbinafine resistant strains either by showing high MICs (> 0.125 μg/mL) or by detecting SQLE substitutions.ConclusionsThe gradient strips, despite questionable essential agreement with EUCAST E.Def 11.0, can be an easy, fast and cheap method to screen terbinafine resistance among dermatophytes in clinical laboratories. The DermaGenius resistance PCR assay enables rapid detection of the most common substitutions in SQLE associated with terbinafine resistance. However, its inability to precisely determine specific substitutions on SQLE or identify new ones may pose a problem in the future. These limitations can be addressed by using SQLE sequencing or whole genome sequencing (WGS).
General Hospital Nurses' Experience and Perception of Person‐Centered Care: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Hong Se Jin , Kim Eun Young 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explored the general hospital nurses' experiences and perceptions of providing person‐centered care using a Giorgi's phenomenological approach. Through purposive sampling, 10 nurses were selected from five general hospitals in Korea. We identified 83 codes, which were integrated into 17 subconstituents and further into four constituents: “A comprehensive approach based on love for humanity,” “Providing customized nursing care through an individual approach,” “Building the expertise required as a nurse,” and “Challenges to actual nursing practice.” These findings are valuable for understanding general hospital nurses' in‐depth experiences providing person‐centered care and their perceptions. Despite numerous challenges, nurses in general hospitals are attempting to deliver person‐centered care comprehensively and tailored based on their expertise. Current challenges can be overcome by raising awareness about providing person‐centered care in general hospitals and enhancing systems to minimize workloads. The results of this will be a crucial foundation for developing educational programs to increase nurses' understanding of person‐centered care and encourage their practice. Furthermore, it will be useful in suggesting future directions for altering the nursing workforce or scope of work.
Effect of Decellularized Amniotic Membrane on the Tendon–Bone Integration in Rotator Cuff Repair: A Comparative Rat Model Study
Authors: Wang Jiangtao , Li Chunbao , Zhang Jiating , An Mingyang , Zhao Gang , Stark Samuel D. , Liu Yujie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveRotator cuff retear after arthroscopy repair is a difficult complication that is often due to poor tendon–bone healing. Decellularized amniotic membrane (DAM) has a variety of bioactive substances which have great potential to enhance tendon–bone healing. However, DAM has three layers, of which the middle basement layer is dense and thick. Whether DAM will hinder tendon–bone healing of rotator cuff after surgical repair is unclear. Our study aims to investigate the effect of DAM on tendon–bone healing of the rotator cuff after surgical repair.MethodsThirty‐three Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were selected to establish unilateral supraspinatus (ST) tear models and were randomly treated with only suturing repair (OSR group, n = 11), and suturing repair with DAM placed between the ST and bone (DAM group, n = 11). In the normal control group (NCT group, n = 11), the supraspinatus was only exposed but not detached or repaired. After 4 weeks the rats were sacrificed. The assessment of specimens was conducted by micro‐CT analysis, histopathological evaluation, and biomechanical testing.ResultsThe DAM group had a significantly higher ultimate load to failure, new bone volume, and histological evaluation at 4 weeks after surgery than the OSR group. When comparing the DAM group to the NCT group, the DAM group performed slightly worse in biomechanical testing, micro‐CT analysis, and histological evaluation.ConclusionWhen placed between tendon and bone at the rotator cuff footprint, DAM, despite its dense and thick basement layer, does not impede tendon–bone healing after surgical repair for rotator cuff injury, but rather promotes increased healing quality and biomechanical properties. However, the healing quality and biomechanical properties are still lower than that of the normal rotator cuff, and further improvement should be made to the application strategy of a DAM.
Opioid Epidemic and Local Fiscal Choices: Causal Evidence From Hydrocodone Rescheduling
Authors: Lozano‐Rojas Felipe , Ivonchyk Mikhail 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe opioid epidemic has garnered attention from scholars across disciplines, yet its effect on local finances remains uncertain. We exploit an exogenous shock in hydrocodone supply, a commonly abused opioid, to estimate the causal effect of opioid exposure on local finances. Our results reveal larger budgets in affected communities, driven primarily by increased healthcare spending, along with higher intergovernmental aid and property taxes, while other revenue sources remain largely unchanged. These findings indicate that the epidemic burdens local budgets and suggest that addressing root causes, such as legal opioid supply, may not fully mitigate financial impacts.
Association between meaningful activities and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia among people with early‐onset dementia using long‐term care services
Authors: Yokoyama Kazuki , Miyajima Ryo , Yama Kosuke , Shimada Kiyotaka , Shimokihara Suguru , Moribayashi Mieko , Hirano Noriko , Ikeda Nozomu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to clarify the engagement status of meaningful activities (MA) and its association with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among people with early‐onset dementia (EOD).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 367 facilities that provide long‐term care insurance (LTCI) services in Sapporo, Japan. A questionnaire was sent to these facilities to determine whether they had ever cared for people with EOD who developed dementia before the age of 65 and used LTCI services. For facilities that had provided such care, the engagement status of MA for people with EOD was determined, along with the presence or absence of BPSD.ResultsA total of 54 facilities had experience accepting people with EOD (14.7%), and the statuses of 69 people with EOD were determined following approval for providing information from these facilities. In total, 27 of the 69 people with EOD (39.1%) were engaged in MA. Multivariate‐adjusted regression model revealed that the absence of apathy was significantly associated with the engagement status of MA after adjustment for age, sex, and dementia severity.ConclusionMA was performed by less than 40% of people with EOD using Japanese LTCI services, and it was negatively associated only with apathy among BPSD.
Stability Analysis of Nondifferentiable Systems
Authors: Sim Jiwoon , Wang Tianxu , Wang Hao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDifferential equations with right‐hand side functions that are not everywhere differentiable are referred to as nondifferentiable systems. This paper introduces three novel methods to address stability issues in nondifferentiable systems. The first method extends the linearization method as it fails when the equilibrium is in a nondifferentiable region. We find that the stability of a piecewise differentiable system aligns with the behavior of its subsystems as long as the “distance” between these subsystems is sufficiently small. The second method is to examine the eigenvalues of the symmetric part of the Jacobian matrix in the vicinity of the equilibrium. This method applies to functions with even weaker regularity conditions, and does not require the eigenvalues to have a negative upper bound (or positive lower bound) over the domain. The third method establishes a connection between nondifferentiable systems and their approximate counterparts, revealing that their stability can be consistent under certain conditions. Additionally, we reaffirm the first two results via the approximation method. Examples are provided to illustrate the applications of our main results, including piecewise differentiable systems, general nondifferentiable systems, and realistic scenarios.
Association of Hypokalemia With Mortality in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Huo Zhongcui , Zhu Xueli , Yang Yong , Wang Sai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPotassium imbalance, particularly hypokalemia, is a critical risk factor for adverse outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, the association between hypokalemia and mortality is unclear.MethodsFor this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we assessed the association between hypokalemia and mortality in patients undergoing HD. We performed a systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) to identify relevant studies published up to April 2024. Eligible studies were prospective or retrospective cohort studies reporting hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality in association with the presence of hypokalemia among patients undergoing HD. We used the assessed study Newcastle–Ottawa Scale to assess quality of the selected studies.ResultsWe carried out both qualitative and quantitative assessments. For the meta‐analysis, we pooled the HRs for all‐cause and cardiovascular mortalities. The overall pooled HR for all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were 1.34 (95% CI, 1.15, 1.55) and 1.49 (95% CI, 1.12, 1.98), respectively, indicating significant associations between hypokalemia and all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing HD. Additionally, we conducted subgroup analyses based on study design, geographical location, type of dialysis, and serum potassium levels.ConclusionOur findings provide robust evidence of a significant association between hypokalemia and mortality in patients undergoing HD. Early detection and proactive management of hypokalemia are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing mortality risk in these patients.
MdMYB54 reduces disease severity caused by Fusarium solani in apple by modulating cell wall cellulose and pectate lyase‐dependent defense
Authors: Liu Qianwei , Chen Xiao , Li Sujuan , Wang Qian , Liu Yusong , Zhang Zhijun , Yang Chao , Xu Shuo , Mao Ke , Ma Fengwang , Li Chao 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARYThe plant cell wall is the first barrier against pathogen invasion. Fusarium solani is the primary pathogen responsible for apple replant disease. In this study, we identified an MYB protein, MdMYB54, which interacts with the positive regulator of F. solani resistance, MdERF114, and confers apple‐increased tolerance against F. solani. The cellulose synthetase (CESA) gene MdCesA6 and pectin lyase‐like (PLL) genes MdPLL8 and MdPLL12 were screened as three potential downstream target genes of MdMYB54 using DAP‐seq. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift and yeast one‐hybrid assays showed that MdMYB54 directly binds to the promoters of MdCesA6, MdPLL8, and MdPLL12 in vivo and in vitro. Dual‐luciferase and β‐glucuronidase assays showed that MdMYB54 activates the expression of these genes. The cellulose content and pectin lyase activity of MdMYB54‐overexpressed roots were significantly higher than those of wild‐type plants under F. solani treatment but were the opposite in MdMYB54‐RNAi roots. The deposition of cellulose enhanced the physical barrier of the plant cell wall, whereas the activation of pectin lyase promoted the formation of oligogalacturonides and the production of reactive oxygen species. Overexpression of MdCesA6, MdPLL8, and MdPLL12 in the root system enhanced the tolerance of apple to F. solani. The direct interaction of MdERF114 with MdMYB54 enhanced MdMYB54‐mediated cell wall defense response. These results suggest that modifying these candidate genes may provide a strategy for improving the resistance of apple to F. solani.
Integrating Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation With Large Language Models for Supplier Discovery
Authors: Li Yunqing , Ko Hyunwoong , Ameri Farhad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As supply chain complexity and dynamism challenge traditional management approaches, integrating large language models (LLMs) and knowledge graphs (KGs) emerges as a promising method for advancing supply chain analytics. This article presents a methodology crafted to harness the synergies between LLMs and KGs, with a particular focus on enhancing supplier discovery practices. The primary goal is to transform and integrate a vast body of unstructured supplier capability data into a harmonized KG, thus improving the supplier discovery process and enhancing the accessibility and findability of manufacturing suppliers. Through an ontology-driven graph construction process, the presented methodology integrates KGs and retrieval-augmented generation with advanced LLM-based natural language processing techniques. With the aid of a detailed case study, we showcase how this integrated approach not only enhances the quality of answers and increases visibility for small- and medium-sized manufacturers but also amplifies agility and provides strategic insights into supply chain management.
An Educational Review on Machine Learning: A SWOT Analysis for Implementing Machine Learning Techniques in Football
Authors: Beato Marco , Jaward Mohamed Hisham , Nassis George P. , Figueiredo Pedro , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Krustrup Peter 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The abundance of data in football presents both opportunities and challenges for decision making. Consequently, this review has 2 primary objectives: first, to provide practitioners with a concise overview of the characteristics of machine-learning (ML) analysis, and, second, to conduct a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis regarding the implementation of ML techniques in professional football clubs. This review explains the difference between artificial intelligence and ML and the difference between ML and statistical analysis. Moreover, we summarize and explain the characteristics of ML learning approaches, such as supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning. Finally, we present an example of a SWOT analysis that suggests some actions to be considered in applying ML techniques by medical and sport science staff working in football. Specifically, 4 dimensions are presented: the use of strengths to create opportunities and make the most of them, the use of strengths to avoid threats, working on weaknesses to take advantage of opportunities, and upgrading weaknesses to avoid threats. Conclusion: ML analysis can be an invaluable tool for football clubs and sport-science and medical departments due to its ability to analyze vast amounts of data and extract meaningful insights. Moreover, ML can enhance performance by assessing the risk of injury, physiological parameters, and physical fitness, as well as optimizing training, recommending strategies based on opponent analysis, and identifying talent and assessing player suitability.
Smartphone Google Location History: A Novel Approach to Outdoor Physical Activity Research
Authors: Amram Ofer , Oje Olufunso , Larkin Andrew , Boakye Kwadwo , Avery Ally , Gebremedhin Assefaw , Williams Bethany , Duncan Glen E. , Hystad Perry 
Published: December 2024

Background: Outdoor physical activity (PA) is an important component of overall health; however, it is difficult to measure. Passively collected smartphone location data like Google Location History (GLH) present an opportunity to address this issue. Objectives: To evaluate the use of GLH data for measuring outdoor PA. Methods: We collected GLH data for 357 individuals from the Washington State Twin Registry. We first summarized GLH measurements relevant to outdoor PA. Next, we compared accelerometer measurements to GLH classified PA for a subset of 25 participants who completed 2 weeks of global positioning system and accelerometer monitoring. Finally, we examined the association between GLH measured walking and obesity. Results: Participants provided a mean (SD) average 52 (18.8) months of GLH time-activity data, which included a mean (SD) average of 2421 (1632) trips per participant. GLH measurements were classified as the following: 79,994 unique walking trips (11.6% of all trips), 564,558 (81.8%) trips in a passenger vehicle, 11,974 cycling trips (1.7%), and 890 running trips (0.1%). Sixty-two percent of these trips had location accuracy >80%. In the accelerometry evaluation, GLH walking trips had a corresponding mean vector magnitude of 3150 counts per minute, compared with 489 counts per minute for vehicle trips. In adjusted cross-sectional analyses, we observed an inverse association between both walking minutes and trips per month and the odds of being obese (odds ratio = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60–0.96, and odds ratio = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.82–0.98, respectively). Conclusions: GLH data provide a novel method for measuring long-term, retrospective outdoor PA that can provide new opportunities for PA research.
The BfmRS stress response protects
Acinetobacter baumannii
against defects in outer membrane lipoprotein biogenesis
Authors: Marotta Julianna , Zhao Alan , Rather Philip N. , Grabowicz Marcin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is the outermost layer of the cell and serves as permeability barrier against environmental toxins, including antibiotics. The OM is built by several pathways that transport and assemble lipids and proteins into the OM. Since the OM is an essential organelle for the cell, envelope stress responses (ESRs) continuously monitor its assembly to preserve viability if defects arise. While ESRs have been extensively characterized in
Escherichia coli
, they are generally narrowly conserved. Lipoprotein trafficking to the OM via the “Lol” pathway is a linchpin for all OM assembly pathways. In
E. coli
, defects in this essential process are sensed when the sensor OM lipoprotein NlpE activates the CpxAR two-component system. Distantly related
Acinetobacter baumannii
encodes an NlpE homolog but lacks any Cpx homolog; how OM lipoprotein stress might be sensed and mitigated in these bacteria is therefore unclear. Here, we used CRISPRi to transiently induce defects in OM lipoprotein synthesis (targeting
lgt
and
lnt
) or trafficking (targeting
lolA
) in
A. baumannii
. We defined the transcriptional response to blocks in OM lipoprotein biogenesis. After scrutinizing candidate ESRs, we identified the BfmRS two-component systems as specifically critical for preserving
A. baumannii
viability during stress in OM lipoprotein biogenesis. Surprisingly,
A. baumannii
NlpE played no role in combatting OM lipoprotein stress. Our study identifies an
A. baumannii
ESR for OM lipoprotein biogenesis defects that acts in a distinct mechanism, not involving the NlpE sensor lipoprotein.

IMPORTANCE

As the cell’s surface, the outer membrane (OM) of bacteria, such as
Acinetobacter baumannii
, is continuously under assault from the environment or host. OM integrity is needed for cell survival, and envelope stress responses (ESRs) act to detect and repair any defects. ESRs are well-defined in
Escherichia coli
but are poorly conserved. We sought to identify an ESR for the essential process of OM lipoprotein biogenesis in
A. baumannii
. We found that the BfmRS two-component system performs this function and does so without relying on its NlpE sensor homolog, suggesting a novel mechanism of stress sensing is involved in
A. baumannii
. Our work identifies a key cellular role for BfmRS.
Exploring aggregation genes in a
P. aeruginosa
chronic infection model
Authors: Gannon Alexa D. , Matlack Jenet , Darch Sophie E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacterial aggregates are observed in both natural and artificial environments. In the context of disease, aggregates have been isolated from chronic and acute infections.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(
Pa
) aggregates contribute significantly to chronic infections, particularly in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Unlike the large biofilm structures observed
in vitro
,
Pa
in CF sputum forms smaller aggregates (~10–1,000 cells), and the mechanisms behind their formation remain underexplored. This study aims to identify genes essential and unique
to
Pa aggregate formation in a synthetic CF sputum media (SCFM2). We cultured
Pa
strain PAO1 in SCFM2 and LB, both with and without mucin, and used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify differentially expressed genes. The presence of mucin revealed 13 significantly differentially expressed (DE) genes, predominantly downregulated, with 40% encoding hypothetical proteins unique to aggregates. Using high-resolution microscopy, we assessed the ability of mutants to form aggregates. Notably, no mutant exhibited a completely planktonic phenotype. Instead, we identified multiple spatial phenotypes described as “normal,” “entropic,” or “impaired.” Entropic mutants displayed tightly packed, raft-like structures, while impaired mutants had loosely packed cells. Predictive modeling linked the prioritized genes to metabolic shifts, iron acquisition, surface modification, and quorum sensing. Co-culture experiments with wild-type PAO1 revealed further spatial heterogeneity and the ability to “rescue” some mutant phenotypes, suggesting cooperative interactions during growth. This study enhances our understanding of
Pa
aggregate biology, specifically the genes and pathways unique to aggregation in CF-like environments. Importantly, it provides insights for developing therapeutic strategies targeting aggregate-specific pathways.

IMPORTANCE

This study identifies genes essential for the formation of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Pa) aggregates in cystic fibrosis (CF) sputum, filling a critical gap in understanding their specific biology. Using a synthetic CF sputum model (SCFM2) and RNA sequencing, 13 key genes were identified, whose disruption led to distinct spatial phenotypes observed through high-resolution microscopy. The addition of wild-type cells either rescued the mutant phenotype or increased spatial heterogeneity, suggesting cooperative interactions are involved in aggregate formation. This research advances our knowledge of
Pa
aggregate biology, particularly the unique genes and pathways involved in CF-like environments, offering valuable insights for developing targeted therapeutic strategies against aggregate-specific pathways.