bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prc1-rich kinetochores are required for error-free acentrosomal spindle bipolarization during meiosis I in mouse oocytes
Authors: Yoshida Shuhei , Nishiyama Sui , Lister Lisa , Hashimoto Shu , Mishina Tappei , Courtois Aurélien , Kyogoku Hirohisa , Abe Takaya , Shiraishi Aki , Choudhary Meenakshi , Nakaoka Yoshiharu , Herbert Mary , Kitajima Tomoya S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAcentrosomal meiosis in oocytes represents a gametogenic challenge, requiring spindle bipolarization without predefined bipolar cues. While much is known about the structures that promote acentrosomal microtubule nucleation, less is known about the structures that mediate spindle bipolarization in mammalian oocytes. Here, we show that in mouse oocytes, kinetochores are required for spindle bipolarization in meiosis I. This process is promoted by oocyte-specific, microtubule-independent enrichment of the antiparallel microtubule crosslinker Prc1 at kinetochores via the Ndc80 complex. In contrast, in meiosis II, cytoplasm that contains upregulated factors including Prc1 supports kinetochore-independent pathways for spindle bipolarization. The kinetochore-dependent mode of spindle bipolarization is required for meiosis I to prevent chromosome segregation errors. Human oocytes, where spindle bipolarization is reportedly error prone, exhibit no detectable kinetochore enrichment of Prc1. This study reveals an oocyte-specific function of kinetochores in acentrosomal spindle bipolarization in mice, and provides insights into the error-prone nature of human oocytes.
Vulnerabilities in coronavirus glycan shields despite extensive glycosylation
Authors: Watanabe Yasunori , Berndsen Zachary T. , Raghwani Jayna , Seabright Gemma E. , Allen Joel D. , Pybus Oliver G. , McLellan Jason S. , Wilson Ian A. , Bowden Thomas A. , Ward Andrew B. , Crispin Max 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses (CoVs) are zoonotic pathogens with high fatality rates and pandemic potential. Vaccine development focuses on the principal target of the neutralizing humoral immune response, the spike (S) glycoprotein. Coronavirus S proteins are extensively glycosylated, encoding around 66–87 N-linked glycosylation sites per trimeric spike. Here, we reveal a specific area of high glycan density on MERS S that results in the formation of oligomannose-type glycan clusters, which were absent on SARS and HKU1 CoVs. We provide a comparison of the global glycan density of coronavirus spikes with other viral proteins including HIV-1 envelope, Lassa virus glycoprotein complex, and influenza hemagglutinin, where glycosylation plays a known role in shielding immunogenic epitopes. Overall, our data reveal how organisation of glycosylation across class I viral fusion proteins influence not only individual glycan compositions but also the immunological pressure across the protein surface.
A novel real-world ecotoxicological dataset of pelagic microbial community responses to wastewater
Authors: Ruprecht J. E. , Glamore W. C. , Dafforn K. A. , Wemheuer F. , Crane S. L. , van Dorst J. , Johnston E. L. , Mitrovic S. M. , Turner I. L. , Ferrari B. C. , Birrer S. C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractReal-world observational datasets that record and quantify pressure-stressor-response linkages between effluent discharges and natural aquatic systems are rare. With global wastewater volumes increasing at unprecedented rates, it is urgent that the present dataset is available to provide the necessary information about microbial community structure and functioning. Field studies were performed at two time-points in the Austral summer. Single-species and microbial community whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing was performed at a complete range of effluent concentrations and two salinities, with accompanying environmental data to provide new insights into nutrient and organic matter cycling, and to identify ecotoxicological tipping points. The two salinity regimes were chosen to investigate future scenarios based on a predicted salinity increase at the study site, typical of coastal regions with rising sea levels globally. Flow cytometry, amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes and micro-fluidic quantitative polymerase-chain reactions (MFQPCR) were used to determine chlorophyll-a and total bacterial cell numbers and size, as well as taxonomic and functional diversity of pelagic microbial communities. This strong pilot dataset could be replicated in other regions globally and would be of high value to scientists and engineers to support the next advances in microbial ecotoxicology, environmental biomonitoring and estuarine water quality modelling.
Strong Hα emission and signs of accretion in a circumbinary planetary mass companion from MUSE
Authors: Eriksson Simon C. , Asensio Torres Rubén , Janson Markus , Aoyama Yuhiko , Marleau Gabriel-Dominique , Bonnefoy Mickael , Petrus Simon 
Published: May 2020

Context. Intrinsic Hα emission can be advantageously used to detect substellar companions because it improves contrasts in direct imaging. Characterising this emission from accreting exoplanets allows for the testing of planet formation theories.
Aims. We characterise the young circumbinary planetary mass companion 2MASS J01033563-5515561 (AB)b (Delorme 1 (AB)b) through medium-resolution spectroscopy.
Methods. We used the new narrow-field mode for the MUSE integral-field spectrograph, located on the ESO Very Large Telescope, during science verification time to obtain optical spectra of Delorme 1 (AB)b.
Results. We report the discovery of very strong Hα and Hβ emission, accompanied by He I emission. This is consistent with an active accretion scenario. We provide accretion rate estimates obtained from several independent methods and find a likely mass of 12−15 MJup for Delorme 1 (AB)b. This is also consistent with previous estimates.
Conclusions. Signs of active accretion in the Delorme 1 system might indicate a younger age than the ∼30−40 Myr expected from a likely membership in Tucana-Horologium (THA). Previous works have also shown the central binary to be overluminous, which gives further indication of a younger age. However, recent discoveries of active discs in relatively old (∼40 Myr), very low-mass systems suggests that ongoing accretion in Delorme 1 (AB)b might not require in and of itself that the system is younger than the age implied by its THA membership.
Pourquoi et comment peser l’antimatière ?
Authors: Sacquin Yves , Hilico Laurent 
Published: May 2020

Au Cern, trois expériences (ALPHA-g, AEg- IS et GBAR) sont en concurrence pour mesurer le comportement gravitationnel de l’antimatière. Ces collaborations rassemblent des chercheurs et ingénieurs aux compétences extrêmement variées en physique des particules, détection, physique atomique, lasers, ions froids, accélérateurs, ultravide, cryogénie&
Au-delà de la prouesse technique, l’enjeu de cette mesure est considérable pour notre compréhension de l’Univers.
Hemostatic spray powder TC-325 in the primary endoscopic treatment of peptic ulcer-related bleeding: multicenter international registry
Authors: Hussein Mohamed , Alzoubaidi Durayd , Lopez Miguel-Fraile , Weaver Michael , Ortiz-Fernandez-Sordo Jacobo , Bassett Paul , Rey Johannes W. , Hayee Bu Hussain , Despott Edward , Murino Alberto , Moreea Sulleman , Boger Philip , Dunn Jason , Mainie Inder , Graham David , Mullady Daniel K. , Early Dayna S. , Ragunath Krish , Anderson John T. , Bhandari Pradeep , Goetz Martin , Kiesslich Ralf , Coron Emmanuel , Lovat Laurence B. , Haidry Rehan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a leading cause of morbidity and is associated with a 2 % – 17 % mortality rate in the UK and USA. Bleeding peptic ulcers account for 50 % of UGIB cases. Endoscopic intervention in a timely manner can improve outcomes. Hemostatic spray is an endoscopic hemostatic powder for GI bleeding. This multicenter registry was created to collect data prospectively on the immediate endoscopic hemostasis of GI bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer disease when hemostatic spray is applied as endoscopic monotherapy, dual therapy, or rescue therapy.
Methods Data were collected prospectively (January 2016 – March 2019) from 14 centers in the UK, France, Germany, and the USA. The application of hemostatic spray was decided upon at the endoscopist’s discretion.
Results 202 patients with UGIB secondary to peptic ulcers were recruited. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 178/202 patients (88 %), 26/154 (17 %) experienced rebleeding, 21/175 (12 %) died within 7 days, and 38/175 (22 %) died within 30 days (all-cause mortality). Combination therapy of hemostatic spray with other endoscopic modalities had an associated lower 30-day mortality (16 %, P < 0.05) compared with monotherapy or rescue therapy. There were high immediate hemostasis rates across all peptic ulcer disease Forrest classifications.
Conclusions This is the largest case series of outcomes of peptic ulcer bleeding treated with hemostatic spray, with high immediate hemostasis rates for bleeding peptic ulcers.
Properties of spherical and deformed nuclei using regularized pseudopotentials in nuclear DFT
Authors: Bennaceur K , Dobaczewski J , Haverinen T , Kortelainen M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We developed new parameterizations of local regularized finite-range pseudopotentials up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO), used as generators of nuclear density functionals. When supplemented with zero-range spin–orbit and density-dependent terms, they provide a correct single-reference description of binding energies and radii of spherical and deformed nuclei. We compared the obtained results to experimental data and discussed benchmarks against the standard well-established Gogny D1S functional.
Material assignment for proton range prediction in Monte Carlo patient simulations using stopping-power datasets
Authors: Permatasari Felicia Fibiani , Eulitz Jan , Richter Christian , Wohlfahrt Patrick , Lühr Armin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Motivation and objective. For each institute, the selection and calibration of the most suitable approach to assign material properties for Monte Carlo (MC) patient simulation in proton therapy is a major challenge. Current conventional approaches based on computed tomography (CT) depend on CT acquisition and reconstruction settings. This study proposes a material assignment approach, referred to as MATA (MATerial Assignment), which is independent of CT scanner properties and, therefore, universally applicable by any institute. Materials and methods. The MATA approach assigns material properties to the physical quantity stopping-power ratio (SPR) using a set of 40 material compositions specified for human tissues and linearly determined mass density. The application of clinically available CT-number-to-SPR conversion avoids the need for any further calibration. The MATA approach was validated with homogeneous and heterogeneous SPR datasets by assessing the SPR accuracy after material assignment obtained either based on dose scoring or determination of water-equivalent thickness. Finally, MATA was applied on patient datasets to evaluate dose differences induced by different approaches for material assignment and SPR prediction. Results. The deviation between the SPR after material assignment and the input SPR was close to zero in homogeneous datasets and below 0.002 (0.2% relative to water) in heterogeneous datasets, which was within the systematic uncertainty in SPR estimation. The comparison of different material assignment approaches revealed relevant differences in dose distribution and SPR. The comparison between two SPR prediction approaches, a standard look-up table and direct SPR determination from dual-energy CT, resulted in patient-specific mean proton range shifts between 1.3 mm and 4.8 mm. Conclusion. MATA eliminates the need for institution-specific adaptations of the material assignment. It allows for using any SPR dataset and thus facilitates the implementation of more accurate SPR prediction approaches. Hence, MATA provides a universal solution for patient modeling in MC-based proton treatment planning.
Early retirement of power plants in climate mitigation scenarios
Authors: Fofrich Robert , Tong Dan , Calvin Katherine , De Boer Harmen Sytze , Emmerling Johannes , Fricko Oliver , Fujimori Shinichiro , Luderer Gunnar , Rogelj Joeri , Davis Steven J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change aim for large and rapid reductions of fossil fuel CO2 emissions worldwide, including nearly complete decarbonization of the electric power sector. However, achieving such rapid reductions may depend on early retirement of coal- and natural gas-fired power plants. Here, we analyze future fossil fuel electricity demand in 171 energy-emissions scenarios from Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), evaluating the implicit retirements and/or reduced operation of generating infrastructure. Although IAMs calculate retirements endogenously, the structure and methods of each model differ; we use a standard approach to infer retirements in outputs from all six major IAMs and—unlike the IAMs themselves—we begin with the age distribution and region-specific operating capacities of the existing power fleet. We find that coal-fired power plants in scenarios consistent with international climate targets (i.e. keeping global warming well-below 2 °C or 1.5 °C) retire one to three decades earlier than historically has been the case. If plants are built to meet projected fossil electricity demand and instead allowed to operate at the level and over the lifetimes they have historically, the roughly 200 Gt CO2 of additional emissions this century would be incompatible with keeping global warming well-below 2 °C. Thus, ambitious climate mitigation scenarios entail drastic, and perhaps un-appreciated, changes in the operating and/or retirement schedules of power infrastructure.
The perception of local cocoa farmers to the swisscontact program: economics, environment and social dimension
Authors: Karim I , Fatmawaty D , Anas  , Wulandari E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Swisscontact as a partner of local cocoa farmers in West Sulawesi plays an important role in improving the sustainability of cocoa farming, not only in the economy but also in the environment and social dimension. In addition, cocoa as a product has a strategic role in high impact for the regional and national economyof Indonesia. This research focused on measuring the satisfaction level of local farmers from the economic, environmental and social dimensions to extent the success of the program implemented both by Swisscontact as an International NGOs from Swiss and local cocoa farmers. This research was conducted in West Sulawesi, one of the largest cocoa producers nationally. The data were collected through interview to the 269 local cocoa farmers in Polewali, Mandar as one of the Swisscontact Partner by the Sustainable Cocoa Production Program (SSCP). The results showed that the economic dimension had a good performance as well as the environmental dimension. Meanwhile, social dimension showed a bad performance. Three of the dimensions are important for the local farmers to support in improving their income and also in producing high-quality cocoa product which is environmental and social friendly.
Product flow pattern at cayyene pepper supply chain
Authors: Indriani R , Darma R , Musa Y , Tenriawaru A N , Imran S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cayenne pepper as an agricultural commodity has distinctive characteristics that are not available every time are difficult to store for a long time and prices tend to fluctuate. The implication is that chilies require a treatment such as supply chain management well and post-harvest treatment such as dried or mixed material for processing industries. This study aims to describe the pattern of product flow in the cayenne supply chain in Gorontalo. The study used the survey method and sampling using a purposive sampling technique to farmers and traders. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and Hayami added-value analysis. The results of the research show that the product flow pattern in the cayenne supply chain is a product distribution in the form of fresh cayenne pepper and dried cayenne pepper. Farmers sell fresh cayenne through collector traders, wholesalers, market traders and directly to retailers. While processing and distributing dried cayenne by retailers. The added value created by every kg of fresh cayenne pepper is Rp 1,126,688 or 90.27% of the production value. Hayami’s additional analysis shows that the added value in every one kg of dried chili is Rp. 7,400 or 59.20% of the value of the product. The rate of profit is 58.1% of the value of production, meaning that every 100 kg of production value will be obtained as much as 58.1 kg of profit.
Analysis of the contribution of income in fulfilling household livelihoods of coastal communities
Authors: Diansari P , Rukmana D , Nadja R A , Rahmadanih  , Fahmid I M , Syahrullah  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The uncertainty of economic conditions which limited the employment opportunities has caused stability in family income. This condition has encouraged many coastal communities to diversify their work to increase income. Job diversification can provide a substantial contribution to meet household needs during the dry season. This study aims to determine the contribution of income made by coastal communities to support their household needs. This research was conducted in Punaga Village, Mangarabombang District, Takalar Regency. The results of this study indicated that the type of work carried out by coastal communities is rice cultivation and seaweed, which have so far significantly contributed to household life although the harvest is obtained in the rainy season and seaweed is harvested every 45 days after planting. Other sectors such as non-rice and non-agriculture contributed significantly to increase household income such as raising livestock, civil servants, employees, and others. Expenditures are mostly spent on farming costs and daily expenses such as consumption. The coastal community has 100% implemented a dual livelihood pattern to meet their needs, which contributes significantly to meet their needs and to build a more decent life.
Bird diversity on small islands in Maluku
Authors: Latumahina F S , Mardiatmoko G , Sahusilawane J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The bird species diversity is an indicator of the ecosystem stability. The high diversity index of birds is an indicator of healthy and stable ecosystem condition so that it can become a supporter of birdlife. The study aimed to determine the level of bird diversity on a small island in Maluku, namely the Saparua Island Protected Forest. The study was conducted in June - July 2019 using the Line Transect method on 100 m transect with 100 m transect distance, and 50 m band transect width left and right transect on a plot area of 50,000 m2 (5 ha). Observations were carried out in the morning at 07.30 - 10.00 Eastern Indonesian Time and afternoon at 16.00 - 18.30 Eastern Indonesian Time. The parameters used are the species distribution, species diversity, species abundance, and bird species evenness. The results found that the number of bird encounters in 5 transects varied. There were 16 species in transect one, 12 bird species in transect two, 9 bird species in transect three, 7 bird species in transect four and 12 bird species in transect five. The ten bird species that have conserved value and protected value were found. There were also three endemic species - each endemic was Ambon Bueno Ceram namely Myzomela seram, and the other two species are Maluku Endemic species, namely Sikatan Kelabu and Cabai Kelabu. The three types were species of birds with very limited distribution, while seven other species were animals that were protected by the state. Richness index of bird species ranges from low - medium, which was classified as medium category, transects 1, 2 and 5, with a value of the Richness Index in the range of 2.697707 - 3.413397 (2.5 <R1> 4), while transects 3 and 4, low categories of 1.820478 - 1.987404 (R1 <2.5). The diversity index of bird species was classified as medium at 1.556579 - 2.155639 (1 <H ‘> 3) which shows that transects 4 and 4 are in a low category and transects 1, 2 and 5 are in the high category. The abundance class of birds with conserved value and protected value were divided into three kinds. The four types were classified as rare abundance class, namely Elang bondol, Nuri bayan, Nuri pipi-merah dan Raja-udang suci. Then, the three types were classified as uncommon abundance class, namely Pergam mata-putih, Sikatan kelabu dan Myzomela seram. Furthermore, the three types were included in the frequent abundance class, namely Cabai kelabu, madu hitam dan madu sriganti.
Analysis of soybean farmers response on Pajale Special Efforts Implementation (UPSUS) program
Authors: Mahyuddin  , Saadah  , Darwis  , Lanuhu N , Diansari P , Anisa A , Sulili A , Wirdansyah A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Soybean self-sufficiency has been the main target of the government since 2015 along with two other food commodities, namely rice, and corn. The UPSUS Program (Special Effort) is an effort to support soy self-sufficiency. Special Efforts (UPSUS) is the Ministry of Agriculture’s leading program to improve the welfare of farmers. With the UPSUS, it is expected that soybean production will increase. This study aims to determine the response of soybean farmers to the implementation of the Pajale Special Efforts (UPSUS) program. The population of the study was 150 farmers involved in the UPSUS Pajale Program taken by purposive sampling method. Analysis of the data used to determine farmers’ responses to the Pajale Special Efforts (UPSUS) program was measured using a Likert scale and descriptive statistical analysis. The Likert scale used consists of the categories of very satisfied (5), satisfied (4), moderate (3), dissatisfied (2), very dissatisfied (1). The results of the study concluded that the response of farmers to the implementation of the Pajale Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) was included in the satisfied category (43%).
Analysis of programs of activities development of forest areas with specific objectives (KHDTK) tabo-tabo south sulawesi
Authors: Rafii A M , Restu M , Millang  , S  , Muin M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The status of a Special Allotment Forest Area (KHDTK) was obtained by the Forestry Education and Training Center of the Makassar Environmental and Forestry Education and Training Center in accordance with the Decree of the Minister of Forestry No. 041/Kpts/DJ/I/1980 on February 28, 1980 and the zoning by the Minister of Forestry No. SK.13 / Menhut-II / 2010 on January 14, 2010. The main function is to support the educational activities. Several forms of activities and utilization have been carried out in this area, including Research and Development, Nature Tourism, Environmental Services and non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Related to its main function as a means of supporting education, all the training activities, especially aspects of skills, are directed at KHDTK.Since established, KHDTK has numerous conflicts with the community. However, all existing conflicts have been acted on and a number of solutions have been made to resolve the existing problems. Regional stakeholders have managed the risks with a variety of activities, such as community empowerment, fostering the farmer groups, provision of assistance and facilitation as well as pre-emptive, preventive and repressive activities that are carried out routinely in the hope of aware the people, so that the KHDTK will receive recognition from the surrounding community.