bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Nutrition Play a Role as a Stimulant for COVID 19 in Children?
Authors: Kesavelu Dhanasekhar , Franklyn Nithya , Sreedharan Lekha 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Nutrition plays a major part in the growth and well-being of a child and forms the basis of their
existence. A global pandemic like COVID19 poses some serious questions and challenges in the minds of practicing
pediatricians as what support to offer our children, theirparents and carers-alleviating their anxiety about their child’s diet
and nutrition, that is critical at this time of crisis. Although the evidence for pediatric nutrition and COVID19 is not
strong, this article aims to critically look into pediatric nutrition during COVID19 pandemic and bring the most recent
evidence into limelight and making the right choices with pediatric nutrition.

Methods:
We performed a search on recent literature using the search terms “Covid19” + “Children”
+ “Nutrition” to analyze the current evidence supporting nutrition as a stimulant for covid19.
A review article based on the above search results was written to highlight the importance of nutrition
during this pandemic.

Results:
Strong recommendations remain unchanged for breast feeding, healthy complimentary feeding, use of
supplemental formula where appropriate, Oral nutritional supplements, Zinc, n-3& n- 6 fatty acids, probiotics all have a
certain role to play as a stimulant for Covid19 in children.

Conclusion:
Current evidence emphasizes the use of additional nutritional supplements especially in the “at risk” groups,
low socio-economic status and children with chronic medical problems. Paediatric nutrition should never be overlooked
and “one size does not fit all” as every child is different and their individual nutritional needs vary. This review points at
the importance nutrition as a stimulant to covid19 in the pediatric population.
The Possible Regulatory Mechanisms of Aqueous, Ethyl Acetate and NHexane Fractions of the Ribes khorassanicum Extract on Acute Hypertension in Rats
Authors: Mohebbati Reza , Kamkar-Del Yasamin , Shafei Mohammad N. 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
Our previous studies showed the antihypertensive effect of Ribes khorassanicum
(R. khorassanicum), a medicinal herb growing in the North Khorasan Province of Iran. For
further evaluation, the present study investigated the effect of n-hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (EA),
and aqueous (AQ) fractions of hydroalcoholic R. khorassanicum extract on cardiovascular responses
in angiotensin II (AngII) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.

Methods:
Wistar rats were randomly divided into 11 groups (n=5): 1) control, 2) AngII (50 ng/kg,
i.v), 3) AngII + losartan (Los, 10 mg/kg, i.p), 4) L-NAME (10 mg/kg, i.v), 5) L-NAME+ sodium nitroprusside
(SNP) (50 mg/kg, i.p), 6, 7, 8) one dose of each fraction of R. khorassanicum
(AQ/EA/HX (50 mg/kg, i.p)) +AngII, Los 9, 10, 11) one dose of each fraction of R. khorassanicum
(AQ/EA/HX (50 mg/kg, i.p)) + L-NAME. Treated rats received three fractions 30 min before the
injection of L-NAME and AngII in separate groups. The cardiovascular parameters were recorded
by the Power Lab instrument via an angiocath inserted into the femoral artery. The peak changes
(Δ) of Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), and Heart Rate (HR) in treated
groups were compared with those of the hypertensive and control groups.

Result:
AngII and L-NAME significantly increased ΔMAP and ΔSBP and attenuated by pretreatment
of Los and SNP, respectively. Pretreatment with polar (AQ) and semipolar (EA) fractions of
R. khorassanicum reduced the peak changes of MAP and SBP in both AngII and L-NAME-treated
groups. Only the fraction of the herb attenuated the HR increased in the L-NAME group. The HR
in other groups did not demonstrate any significant difference.

Conclusion:
All fractions of R. khorassanicum have an antihypertensive effect. However, the effect
of polar fractions is more salient. It is also conceivable that the antihypertensive effect of fractions
is mostly mediated by the inhibition of AngII.
Serum Markers as a Predictor of Hepatic Fibrosis Compared to Fibroscan in chronic hepatitis B Infected Egyptian patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Badawi Rehab , Soliman Hanan , Ziada Dina , Elhendawy Mohammed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Salama Marwa , Soliman Shaimaa , Gameaa Reham , Hawash Nehad 
Published: November 2020

Background & Aims:
The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) to platelet ratio (GPR), the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to albumin (GAR) and S-index are novel biomarkers suggested to assess liver fibrosis. The aim of the work was to assess the correlation between GGT and other related markers as GAR and GPR among other previous documented markers and the degree of fibrosis and steatosis in chronic HBV Egyptian patients as measured by fibroscan.

Materials And Methods:
After ethical approval of the protocol, a total of 170 chronic HBV patients were recruited from tropical medicine department, Tanta University. They underwent fibroscan examination for fibrosis and steatosis measurement with concomitant testing of liver functions and complete blood picture. Proposed serum markers were calculated. The relation between these ratios with the fibrosis and steatosis measured by fibroscan were tested using Pearson rank correlation.

Results:
There was a highly significant positive correlation between gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and platelet ratio (GPR), GAR, GGT, Fib4, APRI and fibrosis (p=<0.001, <0.001,<0.001,<0.001,0.011 and <0.001 respectively), while there was no correlation with the degree of steatosis (p=0.922,0.66,0.936,0.214,0.591 and 0.760 respectively). Also these markers were significantly higher in patients with higher grades of fibrosis (f2-4) (p= 0.007,0.013,<0.001,0.018,0.029,and 0.002 respectively), they also showed high sensitivity and low specificity in detecting higher grades of fibrosis with no statistically significant difference between the AUC of GPR and GAR (p=0.89).

Conclusion:
Noninvasive serum markers including GGT, GPR, GAR, Fib4, APRI, and S-index are positively correlated to the degree of fibrosis in CHB patients with high sensitivity and low specificity. They were good negative tests for diagnosis of significant fibrosis.
Efficient Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biologically Relevant Pregnane Derivatives, and its Glycoside
Authors: Sethi Arun , Singh Ranvijay Pratap , Bhatia Akriti , Yadav Priyanka 
Published: November 2020

Objective::
In the present research article, we synthesized novel pregnane derivatives from 16-
dehydropregnenolone acetate (1) obtained by the degradation of naturally occurring plant productdiosgenin.
The oxime esters, 3β-acetoxy-pregn-5,16-diene, 20-one O-(2-(6-methoxynaphthalene-2yl)
propionyl) oxime (5) and 3β-hydroxy-pregn-5, 16-diene, 20-one O-(2-(4-isobutyl phenyl) propionyl)
oxime (6) have been synthesized by reaction of 3β-acetoxy-5,16-pregnadien-20-oxime (3) with NSAIDs
Ibuprofen and naproxen, respectively.

Methods::
The epoxide derivative 3β-hydroxy-16α, 17α-epoxypregn-5-ene-20-one (4) was opened by
BF3.Et2O and yielding product 3,16-di-hydroxy pregn-5-ene-20-one (7) and 3,16,17-tri-hydroxy pregn-5-
ene-20-one (8), both the synthesized compounds underwent esterification with Ibuprofen affording 3,16-
di-(2-(4-isobutyl phenyl) propionoxy) pregn-5-ene-20-one (9) and 3,16-di-(2-(4-isobutyl phenyl)
propionoxy) 17-hydroxy pregn-5-ene-20-one (10), respectively.

Results:
A one novel pregnane glycoside 3β-[2′,3′,4′,6′-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopy-ranosyl]-Oxy-20β-
hydroxy-16α-methoxy-pregn-5-ene (15) has also been synthesized from 3β, 20β-dihydroxy-16α-methoxypregn-
5-ene (12).

Conclusion:
After the synthesis, all the compounds have been characterized by modern spectroscopic techniques.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KORPORASI DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PENGADAAN BARANG DAN JASA PEMERINTAH (Suatu Penelitian di Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Tipikor Banda Aceh)
Authors: Ibsaini Ibsaini , Syahbandir Mahdi 
Published: November 2020

This research examines a corporation responsibility in the corruption of governmental goods and services procurements. This research applies juridical empirical approach. In accordance with the Act of Corruption Suppression, the liability of the corruption cases of corporation is also involves its corporation regarding the corruption. Pursuant to Article 20 (1) in terms of the corruption committed by and over the name of a corporation, the charges and sentences can be impose toward the corporation and its administrators. However, at the Court for Corruption in Aceh (2013-2017), there are 36 cases of corruptions committed by the corporations that have never been held liable on them, meaning that the corporation has never been convicted due to the commission. This research is purposed to know the forms of corruption committed by corporations at the Court for Corruption in Banda Aceh, reasons for not being held the corporations liable for the corruption, and legal impact that might rise if the corporations are not held liable for corruption.
MENYEMAI GURU MUHAMMADIYAH BERKEMAJUAN DI SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Ali Mohamad 
Published: November 2020

Paska reformasi Mei 1998 virus sekolah unggul menjangkiti pengelola sekolah Muhammadiyah. Bermula dari pengelola SD/MI selanjutnya menular ke tingkat Sekolah Menengah. SD/MI Muhammadiyah unggul telah bermunculan, baik yang di kawasan perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Ia menjadi rujukan utama orang tua siswa dalam mendidik putra-putrinya. Sekolah yang diminati itu adalah sekolah model baru yang mengusung sayap kembar keunggulan, yaitu kemampuan akademisnya kompetitif (intelektual) dan kesalehan beragama (ulama). Ketika sekolah Muhammadiyah model baru ini mampu “merebut kepercayaan masyarakat”, pertanyaannya adalah: bagaimana merawat dan memupuk kepercayaan (trust) secara cerdas. Cara paling genial untuk memupuk kepercayaan ialah dengan jalan memperbaiki tata kelola guru. Secara historis, guru Muhammadiyah telah melewati tiga zaman, yaitu: guru mubaligh, diikuti guru birokrat, dan saat ini tengah memasuki periode transisi untuk menjadi profesional. Tantangan terbesar sekolah Muhammadiyah model baru yang tengah tumbuh ini adalah, bagaimana menjadikan dirinya sebagai rumah yang hangat bagi tumbuh kembang guru Muhammadiyah profesional berkemajuan.
KEEFEKTIFAN KALIMAT DALAM TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 16 PADANG
Authors: Amril Khairalfi Jumanisa , Emidar Emidar 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to describe the effectiveness of sentences in the student news text in terms of five things. First, the effectiveness of sentences in terms of clarity of structure, there are 82 (16.56%) errors. The ineffectiveness of the sentence is in the active/ passive structure (14 errors), the subject is not an explanation (33 errors), the predicate is not lost (15 errors), the description is not in the form of the subject (10 errors), and the subject is not lost (10 errors). Second, the effectiveness of the sentence in terms of the logical meaning there are 58 (11.72%) errors. The ineffectiveness of the sentence lies in the logical relationship S and P (49 errors) and the logical relationship of details or parallel meaning (9 errors). Third, the effectiveness of sentences in terms of word savings there were 40 (8.08%) errors. The ineffectiveness of the sentence is on one subject from the same subject (27 errors) and one word from several synonymous words (13 errors). Fourth, the effectiveness of sentences in terms of word stiffness there are 34 (6.87%) errors. Fifth, the effectiveness of sentences in terms of spelling accuracy is 281 (56.77%). Ineffectiveness of the sentence lies in the use of capital letters (102 errors), prepositions (33 errors), punctuation (85 errors), and writing words (61 errors). Based on these results it can be concluded that the sentences in the explanatory text of eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 16 Padang are not effective. This is evidenced from the 210 sentences studied, there were 22 (10.48%) effective sentences and 188 (89.52%) ineffective sentences with 495 errorsKata Kunci: Keefektifan Kalimat, Teks Berita
Analysis of Satisfaction of University e-Learning Classes
Authors: Moon Youngmi 
Published: November 2020

This study, therefore, aims to propose a direction for the future e-learning class, by analyzing the satisfaction with e-learning class.
It also administered questionnaires to 96 freshmen at universities located in Seoul, from Jun. 22 to Jun. 30, 2020, and used a total of 92 copies in the finally analysis. From the findings above, following suggestions for the quality improvement of e-learning class in general universities can be summarized:
First, it needs to prioritize the establishment of stable and available e-learning systems in schools. Second, professors should quickly adapt to e-learning class, a new paradigm of education. Third, student should primarily acquire basic abilities to use computers, recognize that self-directed learning is the core of university education and make effort to escape from learning by rote, which had been conducted from elementary to high schools. In addition, they should reasonably judge what a method is desirable for enhancing their learning performance.
Mémoire(s) – Erinnerungen
Authors: Knopper Françoise , Röseberg Dorothee 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cet article examine comment certains concepts-clé des cultures mémorielles sont transférés d’une langue à l’autre et quels glissements sémantiques peuvent alors s’opérer. La question concerne ici les équivalences à trouver en allemand pour les termes souvenir / mémoire / commémoration / lieux de mémoire si on les applique à la culture mémorielle contemporaine dont un paradigme est la chute du Mur et le processus de l’unification. Partant du constat que le mot Erinnerungen en conceptualise aussi bien le caractère processuel que la pluralité, il importe de se pencher aussi sur les retraductions qui conviennent le mieux en français. L’ensemble permet de plaider pour une méthodologie permettant d’accompagner scientifiquement le passage – qui est en train de s’effectuer actuellement au sujet de la RDA et des années 1989/1990 – de la mémoire communicative à la mémoire culturelle.
Navigating and Supporting Marginalized Identities in Dominant Pharmacy Spaces
Authors: Avant Nicole , Davis Rosalyn D 
Published: November 2020

Implicit or unconscious bias is one the significant contributors to inequalities. Implicit bias is a common occurrence in our society that leads to discrimination in many different institutions at various levels. If we do not mitigate our bias, we risk perpetuating inequalities in our organizations. This self-reflection reviews, in a 3-part manuscript, some of the most important issues and challenges in navigating and supporting marginalized identities in dominant spaces.
Part I of the manuscript focuses on the implicit bias manifestations and the importance of self-awareness in promoting inclusivity. One of the ways in which we can create, promote, and sustain interpersonal inclusivity in our organizations is to prepare for microaggressions before they arise. Microaggressions are the common, persistent slights that non-dominant groups in our society face on a daily basis. Another way to promote inclusivity is to explore our identities to promote self-awareness and find common-ground to mitigate microaggressive behavior.
This manuscript is written for three reasons. One, to provide guidance on how to navigate our marginalized identities. Two, this manuscript provides guidance on how to navigate our dominant identities. Three, this manuscript fills a gap in the field related to the experiences of those among us with marginalized identities. This autoethnography or self-reflection will help to empower not only myself but others, especially those of us at the margins (e.g., people of color, women, non-Christians, the LGBTQ community).

Article Type: Commentary
DE LA DICTADURA A LA DEMOCRACIA. ¿HACIA DONDE TRANSITAMOS EN CHILE ENTRE 1970 Y 2017?
Authors: Pinto Rodríguez Jorge 
Published: November 2020

En este artículo nos proponemos comentar la llamada transición de la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet a la democracia en Chile, luego del triunfo del NO en 1988 y del triunfo de Patricio Aylwin en 1990. Aunque se trata de un tema largamente abordado por los cientistas sociales en las tres últimas décadas, hemos intentado probar que en la segunda mitad del siglo XX se produjo en nuestro país una sola transición: el de un régimen democrático a una dictadura que instaló el modelo neoliberal que sigue imperando en nuestro país. En esta oportunidad nos referiremos a cinco factores que frenaron la transición que se esperaba en los 90: el peso del pasado, los cambios ocurridos en Chile en las últimas décadas, las limitaciones de la democracia y escasa modernización del Estado, los enclaves de la dictadura y el escenario internacional.
Impact of family intervention on self-esteem and well-being for individuals with alcohol dependence
Authors: Pawar Shrikant Shivaji , Joseph Shaly , Kiran Manisha , Sahu Kamlesh Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Background: Family interventions are the core interventions in which mental health professionals provide support and understanding of the illness to affected individuals and family members. They work together on planning treatment; provide psychological support and understanding of the disorder. Aim: To study the impact of the family intervention on self-esteem and wellbeing of individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome. Methodology: It was a hospital-based pre-post design intervention study. Ten samples purposively selected and equal numbers were assigned to the experimental and control group. Tools used for assessment were - a semi-structured socio-demographic and clinical data sheet, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, PGI General Well-being, and The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Results: The study results show that family intervention brings significant improvement in the family functioning; self-esteem and well being of the study sample which sustained over three months follow up period. Conclusion: This line of treatment can be used for better outcome among persons with alcohol dependence syndrome.
Keywords: Alcohol dependence, family interventions, self-esteem, wellbeing
Vihara in ancient India
Authors: Kumar Dalip 
Published: November 2020

The abode of the Buddhist monks is called Vihara, inside the Vihara there was a large pavilion, three or four small chambers were dug in it, there was a door to enter the front wall and in front of it there was a verandah dependent on the pillars. . The inner pavilion had a chakriya chakor, in which Buddhist monks resided, a cell was built for a monk, 1 a bicameral for two monks, and a tricyclic schools for three monks. Where many monks resided they were called Sandharam. The rooms of the Vihar were of small size. Their size was 9 G9 feet. These chambers used to have long checks made for monks to sleep on one side.
बौद्ध भिक्षुओं के निवास स्थान को विहार कहा जाता है विहार के अन्दर एक बड़ा मण्डप होता था, उसमें तीन या चार छोटी कोठरियां खोदी जाती थी, सामने की दीवार में प्रवेश के लिए एक द्वार होता था और उसके सामने स्तम्भों पर आश्रित एक बरामदा रहता था । भीतरी मण्डप की कोठरिया चैकोर होती थी, जिनमें बौद्ध भिक्षु निवास करते थे, एक भिक्षु के लिए कोठरी बनी होती थी,1 दो भिक्षुओं के लिए द्विगर्भ और तीन भिक्षुओं के लिए त्रिगर्भ शालाएं बनाई जाती थी । जहां पर बहुत से भिक्षु निवास करते थे उनको संधाराम कहा जाता था । विहार की कोठरियां छोटे आकार की होती थी । इनका आकार 9ग्9 फूट होता था । इन कोठरियों में एक तरफ भिक्षुओं के सोने के लिए लम्बी चैकियां बनी होत थी।
On Formative Evaluation System of College English Grading Teaching
Authors: Liu Huaisheng , Liu Guangcheng 
Published: November 2020

To meet the requirements of college English teaching under the new situation and enhance the ability of college students to learn the English independently, modern information technology means is used to have a try and an experiment. English grading teaching is taken as the starting point, due to construct a mixed formative evaluation system, and provide a reference for improving the effects of college English teaching.
Uhrilehto
Authors: Ruotsala Helena , Kalašnikova Larisa 
Published: November 2020

Artikkeli perustuu heinäkuussa 2019 tehtyihin etnografisiin kenttätöihin Untšon kylässä Marin tasavallassa, joka sijaitsee Keski-Venäjällä aivan Tatarstanin rajalla. Untšon eli venäjäksi Šorunžan keskuskylän lisäksi siihen kuluu kuusi muuta pienempää kylää, joiden kaikkien yhteenlaskettu asukasmäärä oli vuonna 2019 noin 2000. Pienemmät kylät ovat Mukanai, Paimyr, Sapunža, Šlan, Šurga ja Jambator. Osa asukkaista on vain kirjoilla kylässä. Tarkastelemme artikkelissa yhtä marilaisuuden identiteettisymbolia uhrilehtoa. Kenttätöiden aikana siellä pidettiin heinäkuussa Pietarin eli sikäläisittäin Petron päivänä Sürem-uhrimenot.
Uhrilehdon valinta perustuu siihen, että kysyessämme nykymarilaisuuden symboleja haastateltavat nostivat esille marin kielen, puvun tai marien uskonnon. Valitsimme näistä uhrilehdon tarkastelun kohteeksi. Analysoimme lehtoa kahdesta näkökulmasta; lyhyesti Sergei Tšavainin runon Lehto avulla ja museoissa käytettävänä olevan merkitysanalyysin avulla. Merkitysanalyysi nostaa lehdon merkityksen laajemman keskustelun pohjaksi.
Merkitysanalyysimenetelmän avulla tutkittavana olevan ilmiön – tässä siis uhrilehdon – autenttisuus, elämyksellisyys, yhteisöllisyys sekä historiallinen ja kulttuurinen merkitys sekä hyödynnettävyys nousevat käsittelyyn. Kokonaisuudessaan tavoitteena on selvittää se, mitä ja mistä se kertoo. Nämä kaikki asiat tulivat hyvin esille uhrilehdosta ja siellä keskikesällä pidetystä Süremin uhrijuhlasta. Uhrijuhlan merkitys voi olla erilainen siellä vieraileville turisteille, meille tutkijoille, nuorille marilaisille tai kyläläisille, joita kuitenkin uhrilehdossa oli melko runsaasti paikalla.
First Year Medical Student’s Viewpoint Regarding Qualities of an Excellent Teacher
Authors: Qureshi Mamoon Akbar 
Published: November 2020

In the academia, the qualities of excellent teacher are related to personal traits, effective teaching technique, and interpersonal communication of teacher. A qualitative research was conducted to identify the characteristics of a good clinical teacher as perceived by first year medical students at Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan from May, 2015 to July, 2015. Twenty five medical students were asked to express their opinion freely about qualities of teacher whom they think qualifies him/her as an excellent teacher and what specifically makes his/her lectures so effective according to their perceptions. Phenomenological approach was used to investigate medical students’ experiences and their interpretations of the excellent teacher. Several key analytic strategies were used such as ‘Coding’, for both categorizing qualitative data and describing the connotation and details of these categories. Two major themes that an excellent teacher should possess were personal qualities and presentation skills from which 15 sub-themes were identified .The study concluded that first year medical students think that an excellent teacher should not only possess personal characteristics and qualities like good moral character, empathy and sympathy but he should also exhibit excellent skills in lecture delivery, ability to organize lectures and its contents.