bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Regional Subsystem Concept: From Heterogeneity to Pluralism
Authors: Labutkin N. S. 
Published: November 2020

The study of regional subsystems dates back to the 1950s, when it became clear that the models developed to explain the logic behind the bipolar international system could not adequately reﬂect the speciﬁcities of regional processes. Therefore, there was a pressing need to complement traditional system level analysis with a new, subsystemic approach. The paper provides a comparative analysis of both Russian and Western deﬁnitions of the regional subsystem concept. The author examines the evolution of the regional subsystem concept research ﬁeld, its current state and identiﬁes the key competing approaches, as well as their methodological and theoretical foundations. The ﬁrst section covers deﬁnitions of the subsystem concept developed by the Western researchers during the Cold War period. The author emphasizes that this initial foundational phase for the development of the research ﬁeld was marked by extreme heterogeneity of views, opinions and assessments. The experts suggested various principles and criteria for identifying regional subsystems, while the very meaning of a ‘regional subsystem’ has not yet been settled. At the same time, the author shows that all the discussions during that period revolved around one central issue that is how the regional subsystem is linked to the ‘dominant’ one — a bipolar. In that regard, it is only natural that with the end of the Cold War the studies of regional subsystems faced new challenges but also gained a new momentum. The second section examines views of contemporary Russian and Western scholars. The author identiﬁes the key discussion points, which include primarily the nature of relations between subsystem actors: whether they should necessarily be cooperative or not; if they need formal institutionalization and whether they should be organized hierarchically with a strong leading state. The author concludes that despite the absence of expert consensus on these issues, the studies of regional subsystems have come a long way from extreme heterogeneity, even fragmentation of the very basic theoretical premises, to a much greater terminological consistency but have retained the pluralism of views, opinions and assessments.
The European Union’s Policies Towards Iraq (2014–2020)
Authors: Oganisyan L. D. 
Published: November 2020

Political instability in the Middle East and North Africa in the early 2010s, accompanied by an escalation of the terrorist threat and uncontrolled migration, caused serious concern in the European Union about the situation in the Arab world. As a consequence, the EU has noticeably increased assistance to Iraq, providing Baghdad with substantial support in the ﬁght against the Islamic State, preventing the humanitarian crisis, stabilizing the situation and promoting post-conﬂict reconstruction. However, these eﬀorts have not yet been explored in depth by the Russian experts, who traditionally focus on the EU relations with the Southern Mediterranean countries.The author aims to reveal the logic behind the evolution of the European Union’s policy towards Iraq since 2014, as well as its impact on the EU assistance programmes to this country. The paper consists of three sections: the ﬁrst one outlines the evolution of the EU strategic priorities in Iraq during 2014–2019, the second covers the major assistance programmes implemented by the European Union, both bilaterally and multilaterally, in Iraq; the third examines the EU reaction to the rising tensions in Iraq at the turn of 2019–2020.The author concludes that the EU’s growing interest in Iraq in recent years stems not only from concerns about transformation of this country into a source of cross-border challenges and threats, but also from the conviction of the EU oﬃcials that Iraq might potentially become the cornerstone of a new regional security architecture. On the basis of these considerations, the EU provides a comprehensive support to Iraq, including both humanitarian aid and development assistance aimed primarily at eliminating the fundamental causes of instability and radicalization. At the same time while demonstrating its commitment to develop cooperation with both government agencies and non-governmental organizations, the EU clearly prefers to assist Iraq through international organizations, rather than directly. Although the EU’s ability to inﬂuence Baghdad remains limited, compared to that of the US and regional actors, the European Union is perceived in Iraq as a neutral player and this might facilitate the achievement of its policy objectives. However, taking into account such factors as a high level of corruption in Iraq, substantial resources for reconstruction already available for the country, as well as Brussels’ focus on Syria, the scope of the EU’s further involvement in Iraq remains unclear.
Latin America in the 21st Century: Regional Development Trajectories
Authors: Kuznetsov D. A. 
Published: November 2020

Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC), which includes more than thirty countries, is traditionally characterized by a complex combination of elements of homogeneity and heterogeneity. The latter, stemming from traditional economic social and political diﬀerentiation and ideological polarization, in the modern context strengthens regional contradictions and creates new division lines. At the same time, the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries was marked by a growing integration of the region into the global market and globalization processes in general. In order to provide an outlook on the possible future developments in LAC, the author examines how the key trends of the current world politics permeate the region. The theoretical framework of the paper is based on the methodology proposed by the Russian researcher M.M. Lebedeva who outlines three basic megatrends — globalization, integration, and democratization and their counter-trends — deglobalization, disintegration, and dedemocratization, accordingly. It is within this broader context of a complex interplay of these trends and counter-trends, that the dynamics of regional processes in LAC is conceived. On this basis, the author identiﬁes three possible regional development scenarios. The ﬁrst one presupposes strengthening of institutional linkages between North, Central, and South America on the basis of Pan-American ideas. The second implies civilizational ‘isolation’ of LAC within large but still only regional integration projects. Finally, the third scenario proceeds from the linear development of the current regional trends. It implies further fragmentation of LAC within subregional organizations and chaotization of regional international relations. The author concludes that currently the regional development is aﬀected predominantly by counter-trends, which are evidenced by increasing isolationism, an impasse facing major integration projects and democratic institutions, and the growth of populist movements. At the same time, all this shows that Latin America is fully integrated in global economic and political processes since these counter-trends characterize the development of a contemporary system of international relations in general.
Venezuela: Political Confrontation and the World Community
Authors: Iwanowski Z. W. , Rozental D. M. 
Published: November 2020

The paper examines a complex web of domestic and external issues which have both provoked a systemic crisis in Venezuela and, at the same time, determined its speciﬁcity in comparison with the wave of protests sweeping across Latin America in 2019.The authors conclude that the escalation of the conﬂict in Venezuela was caused not only by the standoﬀ between the legislative and the executive branches of the government, but also by the split of the whole society into proponents and opponents of ‘socialism of the 21st century’. The contradictions have led to the formation of the parallel branches of power: two presidents, two parliaments and two supreme courts (one of them in exile) which de facto coexist in the country and each claims exclusive rights and legitimacy.The authors also stress that the situation in Venezuela has obvious regional consequences. The miscalculations of the incumbent president were used in election campaigns in other Latin American countries and became one of the reasons for the defeat of left candidates, the subsequent ‘right drift’ leading to the isolation of the republic. The new political landscape has also aﬀected the architecture of integration associations, which failed to develop a uniﬁed position toward the Bolivarian regime.Furthermore, in a current heightened state of international tensions Venezuela has turned into a theatre of international rivalry and conﬂict involving all the key subjects of world politics. The United States, China, Russia and the European Union compete for the energy resources of the country and pursue their own strategic interests. The inability or unwillingness of external forces to reach compromise and to bring the parties to the negotiating table can pose a threat to peace and international security.As a result, Venezuela has become one of the most turbulent countries in the region. At the same time, the repeated outbursts of protest waves are signiﬁcantly diﬀerent from popular uprisings in other Latin American states. In the worst-case scenario, a constantly worsening situation may result in a social explosion which threatens to make the Bolivarian Republic another hot spot of the planet.
The War of Time: Occupation, Resistance, Communization
Authors: Noys Benjamin 
Published: November 2020

Contemporary theorizations of strategies of resistance and revolution often turn on affirming the concepts of speed and saturation. I want to critically consider these claims by returning to the work of Paul Virilio from the 1970s and contemporary “communization theory.” These theorizations stress the emptying-out of traditional worker’s identity and the need to re-invent forms of resistance and revolution that can address this challenge. My aim is to assess how both engage with the problem of acceleration, and particularly the relation of resistance to forms of contemporary military power. I will argue that strategies of acceleration find themselves in fraught convergence with both military and capitalist practice.
Author(s): Benjamin Noys
Title (English): The War of Time: Occupation, Resistance, Communization
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 83-92
Page Count: 10
Citation (English): Benjamin Noys, “The War of Time: Occupation, Resistance, Communization,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013): 83-92.
Metaphysics of Finance Economy: Of its Radicalization as the Method of Revoking Real Economy
Authors: Kolozova Katerina 
Published: November 2020

My claim here is that there is no exit from metaphysics. We are metaphysical creatures inasmuch as we are material, the latter always already inviting the former. However, an exit from the disciplining and hallucinatory grasp of philosophical metaphysics or from philosophy is possible, as both Marx and Laruelle have shown. The effects of such exit will not only be intellectual or academic, but also social. Philosophical decisionism in an absolute form is the essence of capitalist economy and politics, and I will try to demonstrate this further on. Nonetheless, the ideas of political system or the possibilities of thinkable political horizons remain or become ever more detached from the economic logic of the liberal, pseudo-materialistic and individualist philosophy of exploitation through alienation called capitalism.
Author(s): Katerina Kolozova
Title (English): Metaphysics of Finance Economy: Of its Radicalization as the Method of Revoking Real Economy
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 19-31
Page Count: 12
Citation (English): Katerina Kolozova, “Metaphysics of Finance Economy: Of its Radicalization as the Method of Revoking Real Economy,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015): 19-31.
Trade Unions, Workers and the Protection of Workers’ Rights: A Vicious Circle with No Escape?
Authors: Saveski Zdravko 
Published: November 2020

The overall problem with the trade unions, workers and protection of the workers’ rights is that the workers wait for the trade unions to defend them, protect them and advance their rights, while the trade unions can not achieve that without the workers’ support. Without their support, not being able to realistically threaten with a sanction, the trade union representatives go to negotiate with the owners with an empty gun, showing weakness that is simply not enough in order to successfully defend and advance workers’ rights. Precisely this inefficiency of the trade unions is a reason enough for the workers to continue distrusting the trade unions. That is how the vicious circle is created.In this analysis we look at the trade unions, then at the workers, we will locate the issues, and in the final part we will offer certain ideas on how to overcome the problem. Actually, the offering of suggested solutions itself is what differentiates the counterproductive pessimistic approach from the pessimistic approach which criticizes in order to improve.
Author(s): Zdravko Saveski
Title (English): Trade Unions, Workers and the Protection of Workers’ Rights: A Vicious Circle with No Escape?
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 100-113
Page Count: 14
Citation (English): Zdravko Saveski, “Trade Unions, Workers and the Protection of Workers’ Rights: A Vicious Circle with No Escape?,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015): 100-113.
Artan Sadiku in Conversation with Richard Seymour: Perspectives of the Left in Europe
Authors: Sadiku Artan , Seymour Richard 
Published: November 2020

There is a general framework that we have to get in mind, and that is the crisis of the Left. And, 2008, the Recession, the credit crunch and everything thatfollowed from that has not been just a crisis of capitalism as we are used to hearing, but most importantly, for our purposes, it’s also crisis of the Left. And, if you are a materialist, if you are a Marxist in any way, I think that it logically follows, that you expect that theinstitutions of the Left being embedded in this social formation that are affected by crisis, would themselves be thrown into crisis.
Author(s): Artan Sadiku and Richard Seymour
Title (English): Artan Sadiku in Conversation with Richard Seymour: Perspectives of the Left in Europe
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 114-131
Page Count: 17
Citation (English): Artan Sadiku and Richard Seymour, “Artan Sadiku in Conversation with Richard Seymour: Perspectives of the Left in Europe,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Summer 2015): 114-131.
Six Questions on the Greek Crisis that Are Difficult to Answer
Authors: Alavanos Alekos , Šišovski Jordan 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Alekos Alavanos | Алекос Алаванос
Title (English): Six Questions on the Greek Crisis that Are Difficult to Answer
Title (Macedonian): Шест прашања за грчката криза што се тешки за одговарање
Translated by (English to Macedonian): Jordan Šišoski | Јордан Шишоски
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 12, No. 1-2 (Winter 2015 - Summer 2016)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 22-35
Page Count: 13
Citation (English): Alekos Alavanos, “Six Questions on the Greek Crisis that Are Difficult to Answer,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 12, No. 1-2 (Winter 2015 - Summer 2016): 22-35.
Citation (Macedonian): Алекос Алаванос, „Шест прашања за грчката криза што се тешки за одговарање“, превод од англиски Јордан Шишоски, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 12, бр. 1-2 (зима 2015 - лето 2016): 22-35.
Overregulation as a Means of Control: Stifling the Media Freedom and Educational System in Macedonia
Authors: Šišovski Jordan , Lechevska Kalina 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Jordan Šišovski and Kalina Lechevska | Јордан Шишовски и Калина Лечевска
Title (English): Overregulation as a Means of Control: Stifling the Media Freedom and Educational System in Macedonia
Title (Macedonian): Прекумерна регулација како средство за контрола: Задушување на слободата на медиумите и образовниот систем во Македонија
Translated by (English to Macedonian): Jordan Šišovski | Јордан Шишовски
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 12, No. 1-2 (Winter 2015 - Summer 2016)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 102-124
Page Count: 22
Citation (English): Jordan Šišovski and Kalina Lechevska, “Overregulation as a Means of Control: Stifling the Media Freedom and Educational System in Macedonia,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 12, No. 1-2 (Winter 2015 - Summer 2016): 102-122.
Citation (Macedonian): Јордан Шишовски и Калина Лечевска, „Прекумерна регулација како средство за контрола: Задушување на слободата на медиумите и образовниот систем во Македонија“, превод од англиски Јордан Шишовски, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 12, бр. 1-2 (зима 2015 - лето 2016): 102-124.
Pricing Time: Outline and Discussion on Suhail Malik’s “The Ontology of Finance”
Authors: Brassier Ray , Ruskovska Rodna 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Ray Brassier et al. | Реј Брасие и др.
Title (English): Pricing Time: Outline and Discussion on Suhail Malik’s “The Ontology of Finance”
Title (Macedonian): Формирање цена за времето: резиме и дискусија за „Онтологија на финансиите“ на Сухаил Малик
Translated by (English to Macedonian): Rodna Ruskovska | Родна Русковска
Transcribed by: Stanimir Panayotov
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter 2017)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 86-128
Page Count: 43
Citation (English): Ray Brassier et al., “Pricing Time: Outline and Discussion on Suhail Malik’s ‘The Ontology of Finance,’” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter 2017): 86-122.
Citation (Macedonian): Реј Брасие и др., „Формирање цена за времето: резиме и дискусија за ,Онтологија на финансиите‘ на Сухаил Малик“, превод од англиски Родна Русковска, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 14, бр. 1 (зима 2017): 86-128.
The Left-wing Populist Revolt in Europe: SYRIZA in Power
Authors: Markou Grigoris 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Grigoris Markou
Title (English): The Left-wing Populist Revolt in Europe: SYRIZA in Power
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter 2017)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 148-154
Page Count: 7
Citation (English): Grigoris Markou, “The Left-wing Populist Revolt in Europe: SYRIZA in Power,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter 2017): 148-154.
The Idiosyncratic Archive: Queerness, Duration and Photography
Authors: Rogerson Steph Schem 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Steph Schem Rogerson
Title (English): The Idiosyncratic Archive: Queerness, Duration and Photography
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 94-101
Page Count: 8
Citation (English): Steph Schem Rogerson, “The Idiosyncratic Archive: Queerness, Duration and Photography,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018): 94-101.
Leaflet of October 19, 2017
Authors: Szczęsny Piotr , Konior Bogna M. 
Published: November 2020

Translated here is Piotr Szczęsny’s farewell letter (list pożegnalny), as Polish media called it; it is often referred to as a “manifesto.” Szczęsny distributed it as a leaflet to passers-by before setting himself on fire shortly after 4PM on October 19, 2017, near the Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw. On that day, a meeting of the Warsaw City Council was held at the Palace, with the participation of Jarosław Kaczyński, the chairman of PiS, whose policies Szczęsny wanted to oppose. In the leaflet, he addresses many of the recent policies of the Polish government, accusing them of authoritarianism and taking orders from the ruling party rather than following democratic protocols. The translation is based on the original publication in Oko.Press, October 19, 2017, www.oko.press/piotr-s-szary-czlowiek-zyje-czescpamieci.
Author(s): Piotr Szczęsny
Title (English): Leaflet of October 19, 2017
Translated by (Polish to English): Bogna M. Konior
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 160-163
Page Count: 4
Citation (English): Piotr Szczęsny, “Leaflet of October 19, 2017,” translated from the Polish by Bogna M. Konior, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018): 160-163.
Letters to the Media of October 20, 2017
Authors: Szczęsny Piotr , Konior Bogna M. 
Published: November 2020

Along with the leaflet, Piotr Szczęsny wrote two short letters, referred to as “Letters to the Media.” They were handed over by Szczęsny’s family to the major media outlets and published on October 20, 2017. The translation is based on the original publication in Oko.Press, October 20, 2017, www.oko.press/piotr-s-szary-czlowiek-zyje-czescpamieci.
Author(s): Piotr Szczęsny
Title (English): Letters to the Media of October 20, 2017
Translated by (Polish to English): Bogna M. Konior
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 164-165
Page Count: 2
Citation (English): Piotr Szczęsny, “Letters to the Media of October 20, 2017,” translated from the Polish by Bogna M. Konior, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018): 164-165.
Para Katerina Kolozova, Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle
Authors: Vidal Paulo Ricardo 
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Paulo Ricardo Vidal
Title (Portuguese): Para Katerina Kolozova, Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle
Title (English): Towards Katerina Kolozova, Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle
Translated by (Portugese to English): Paulo Ricardo Vidal
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 188-193
Page Count: 6
Citation (Portuguese): Paulo Ricardo Vidal, “Para Katerina Kolozova, Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018): 188-193.
Citation (English): Paulo Ricardo Vidal, “Towards Katerina Kolozova, Toward a Radical Metaphysics of Socialism: Marx and Laruelle,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1-2 (Summer 2018): 188-193.