bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scatological Matters and a Politics of Care in Early Childhood
Authors: Templeton Tran Nguyen , Harvey Maggie 
Published: December 2024

Background or Context: Early childhood education in the United States has increasingly abdicated its role in caregiving. A central argument we make in this article is that the separation of care from education in early childhood has shaped how caregiving routines unfold, with significant implications for how children—particularly children of Color attending predominantly white early childhood institutions—come to understand themselves and their social positions. We theorize this as part of a broader politics of care, which we define as the inequitable access to meaningful care practices in early childhood settings. Purpose, Objective, Research Question, or Focus of Study: In this work, we focus on data from a study set within an early childhood site that actively emphasized its status as a “school,” rather than as “childcare.” By foregrounding the site’s practices around a caregiving routine like toileting, we demonstrate how the institutional framing of care impacts children’s experiences and the formation of their social identities. Simultaneously, we discuss how one young child’s use of photography served as a form of resistance, enabling him to “talk back” to how institutional discourses around care and schooling positioned him. Research Design: This is a theoretical project that uses data to instantiate the theory. We first walk the reader through our theoretical and conceptual framework, which draws on the historical separation of care from education in the United States, as well as literature related to a politics of care in early childhood education. We then exemplify the theory through a study of one school’s caregiving practices and a child’s experiences with these practices. The research featured within this article utilizes a multiphasic process of image-based research with young children. Conclusions or Recommendations: This data highlights the power relations at play within tensions created by the care–education divide. Using disability studies in education and critical childhood studies together, we can see how, in moments where care is withheld, Oliver (the focal child) is racialized and simultaneously treated as more incompetent than other children. His race, gender, age, and body played a role in the ways school worked to contain him, both on the playground and in the bathroom.
Challenges of regional hospice and palliative care networks: A group discussion study with coordinators and network experts
Authors: Schwabe Sven , Röwer Hanna AA , Buck Christoph , Doctor Eileen , Schneider Nils , Herbst Franziska A 
Published: December 2024

Background: Within hospice and palliative care, professionals from various disciplines collaborate to deliver comprehensive care to terminal patients and their relatives. Regional hospice and palliative care networks exist in various countries, aimed at facilitating cooperation among health care providers at a local level. To date, little is known about the challenges faced by these networks. Aim: This study aimed to explore the challenges faced by regional hospice and palliative care networks in Germany. Design: A qualitative study with n = 6 group discussions was conducted. Group discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Setting/participants: Participants were n = 19 coordinators or leaders of regional hospice and palliative care networks in Germany or persons with theoretical expertise about these structures. Results: Regional hospice and palliative care networks face numerous challenges relating to: (1) establishment and development, (2) infrastructure, (3) moderation, (4) public relations and information exchange, (5) education and training and (6) the development of regional care services and practices. Network moderation appears crucial for network success and is highly dependent on infrastructural conditions. A key challenge is gaining network acceptance and support from potential network partners. Specifically, this includes securing the commitment of network partners to agree on common goals, develop joint actions and standards and allocate resources effectively. Conclusions: Sustainable infrastructure, competent network governance and adequate resources for network members are essential for the success of regional hospice and palliative care networks. To improve networking, funding conditions should be simplified, the involvement of network partners should be improved and network coordinators should receive training in network management.
The role of occupational therapists in return-to-work practice for people with post-COVID condition: A scoping review
Authors: Sy Michael Palapal , Frey Sara , Baldissera Anna , Pineda Roi Charles , Toribio Fides Nadine Raya B. 
Published: December 2024

Background Return to work has become more valuable today more than ever especially for adult workers who experience post-COVID condition. Objective This scoping review aims to map the extant literature on the role of occupational therapists for people with post COVID condition returning to work. Specifically, we described the roles of occupational therapists, identified the professionals occupational therapists work with in this practice setting, and determined whether the concept of return to work is perceived as an outcome or a process. Method The review followed Arksey and O’Malley's framework and reported the results using PRISMA extension. A systematic database search was performed in June 2024 and was updated in February 2024 to retrieve literature published from 2021 onwards. Results A total of 33 papers from 5106 records were included. The included records were studies from varying designs and largely coming from Western and developed countries. Our results revealed that ooccupational therapists have a wide-ranging role from providing clinical assessments and interventions, facilitating and advocating activities to prepare for work participation, and working within teams to target clinical and return-to-work outcomes. To be effective in their role, occupational therapists work interprofessionally within teams composed of health, social, legal and service professionals. The concept of return to work was largely perceived as an outcome of rehabilitation and recovery, and less likely as a dynamic process that bridges patients from the health system to societal integration. Conclusion Occupational therapists have a crucial role in return-to-work practice especially for people with post COVID condition.
Prognostic Factors in Postoperative Brain Metastases Derive From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chen Haibin , Sun Liang , Yang Zhi , Qu Yuanyuan , Tong Nanyang , Sun Caixing , Xia Liang 
Published: December 2024

Background: Brain metastases are crucial in cancer progression, requiring focused efforts on the screening, early detection, and treatment. However, accurate forecasting the postoperative prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis remains a challenge. This retrospective study aims to discern the factors that influence the prognosis of such patients. Methods: A total of 151 cases from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were collected. Univariate analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank test, while multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Student’s t-test and chi-square test were employed to examine the differences between the long-term survival and the short-term survival groups. Ultimately, a predictive model was constructed using R 4.2.1. Results: Univariate analysis identified 12 factors as prognostic factors, showing statistical significance. In multivariate analysis, the primary contributing factors to survival were identified as age, chemotherapy of brain metastases, pathology, surgery of nonsmall cell lung cancer, targeted drugs, and GPA score. Comparing long-term and short-term groups, age, pathology, surgery of lung, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy of brain metastases were statistically differentiating factors. Based on multivariate analysis, we established a clinical predictive model predicting 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates. Conclusion: Younger age, receiving chemotherapy for brain metastases, adenocarcinoma pathology, lung cancer surgery, targeted therapy, and a high GPA score are associated with longer survival. This model predicts the survival period for patients with non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis after surgery and helps in selecting more effective treatment plans.
NAD+ metabolism restriction boosts high-dose melphalan efficacy in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Soncini Debora , Becherini Pamela , Ladisa Francesco , Ravera Silvia , Chedere Adithya , Gelli Elisa , Giorgetti Giulia , Martinuzzi Claudia , Piacente Francesco , Mastracci Luca , Veneziano Claudia , Santamaria Gianluca , Monacelli Fiammetta , Ghanem Moustafa S. , Cagnetta Antonia , Guolo Fabio , Garibotto Matteo , Aquino Sara , Passalaqua Mario , Bruzzone Santina , Bellotti Axel , Duchosal Michel A. , Nahimana Aimable , Angelucci Emanuele , Nagasuma Chandra , Nencioni Alessio , Lemoli Roberto Massimo , Cea Michele 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Elevated levels of the NAD+-generating enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) are a common feature across numerous cancer types. Accordingly, we previously reported pervasive NAD+ dysregulation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells in association with upregulated NAMPT expression. Unfortunately, albeit being effective in preclinical models of cancer, NAMPT inhibition has proven ineffective in clinical trials because of the existence of alternative NAD+ production routes using NAD+ precursors other than nicotinamide. Here, by leveraging mathematical modeling approaches integrated with transcriptome data, we defined the specific NAD+ landscape of MM cells and established that the Preiss-Handler pathway for NAD+ biosynthesis, which uses nicotinic acid as a precursor, supports NAD+ synthesis in MM cells via its key enzyme nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT). Accordingly, we found that NAPRT confers resistance to NAD+-depleting agents. Transcriptomic, metabolic, and bioenergetic profiling of NAPRT-knockout (KO) MM cells showed these to have weakened endogenous antioxidant defenses, increased propensity to oxidative stress, and enhanced genomic instability. Concomitant NAMPT inhibition further compounded the effects of NAPRT-KO, effectively sensitizing MM cells to the chemotherapeutic drug, melphalan; NAPRT added-back fully rescues these phenotypes. Overall, our results propose comprehensive NAD+ biosynthesis inhibition, through simultaneously targeting NAMPT and NAPRT, as a promising strategy to be tested in randomized clinical trials involving transplant-eligible patients with MM, especially those with more aggressive disease.
Glycemia and Insulin Secretion in Cystic Fibrosis 2 Years After Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor: PROMISE-ENDO
Authors: Chan Christine L , Shirley Bezerra Meghan , Stefanovski Darko , Gallop Robert J , Walega Rachel , Donaldson Scott H , Frederick Carla A , Freedman Steven D , Gelfond Daniel , Hoffman Lucas R , Narkewicz Michael R , Rowe Steven M , Sagel Scott D , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane , Solomon George M , Stalvey Michael S , Kelly Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) is a highly effective therapy that improves lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), but its effect on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion is unclear.

Methods
PROMISE is a multicenter prospective, observational study of ETI in pwCF ≥12 years and at least one F508del allele. The PROMISE Endocrine substudy (PROMISE-ENDO) enrolled participants at 10 CF Centers where hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was collected and 3-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) conducted to examine glucose tolerance, glucose excursions, and insulin secretory rates (deconvolution of C-peptide) and sensitivity (oral minimal model) prior to ETI and 12 to 18 months and 24-30 months following ETI initiation. Longitudinal mixed effects models were used to test within-subject ETI effects.

Results
At baseline, 79 participants completed OGTTs (39 [49%] male, median [IQR] age 19.6 [14.7, 27.3] years, BMI z-score 0.12 [−0.51, 0.65]). At 12-18 months n = 68 and at 24-30 months n = 58 completed OGTTs. At 24-30 months, fasting glucose (mg/dL) decreased (94 [92, 96] to 90 [88, 93], P = .02) in the subset not on insulin therapy (n = 61), but no differences in 1-hour or 2-hour glucose were found. HbA1c decreased from 5.8% (5.6%, 5.9%) to 5.5% (5.4%, 5.6%), P &lt; .001 by 24-30 months. Although insulin sensitivity (mU/L−1 min−1) decreased (8.4 [7.2, 9.5] vs 6.8 [5.8, 7.9], P = .03), no changes in oral disposition index were found, P = .14.

Conclusion
After 2 years of ETI, fasting glucose and HbA1c showed modest decreases. Glucose tolerance varied, and overall measures of insulin secretion did not deteriorate.
Cortical Activation during Dorsi-Plantarflexion Tasks and its Association with Sensorimotor Function in Ankle Instability
Authors: Xiao Songlin , Zhang Chuyi , Shen Bin , Xu Zhen , Li Jingjing , Zhan Jianglong , Zhou Junhong , Fu Weijie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to investigate differences in cortical activation between individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) during a dorsi-plantarflexion task and further explore its association with sensorimotor function.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 62 participants were recruited, including 31 adults with CAI and 31 healthy adults. Sensorimotor functions, including joint position sense and force sense, were tested using absolute error associated with joint position reproduction and force reproduction tasks. A block design was used to collect task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging by using a custom-built, MRI-compatible device during a dorsi-plantarflexion task.

Results
Individuals with CAI showed significantly worse joint position sense and force sense in all four movement directions than those without CAI. CAI is significantly associated with lower cortical activation in the sensorimotor network, mainly including the right postcentral gyrus, right supplementary motor area (SMA) and left precentral gyrus. A weaker functional connectivity was found between the right putamen cluster and the left precentral gyrus in CAI. Greater associations between plantarflexion position sense with cortical activation were observed in the left precentral gyrus, bilateral putamen, and right SMA in CAI, but not in healthy controls.

Conclusions
Individuals with CAI had worse sensorimotor function, experienced lower task-related cortical activation in the sensorimotor network, and had a weaker resting-state functional connectivity between the putamen with the left precentral gyrus compared with healthy controls. Plantarflexion position sense was negatively associated with cortical activation in the left precentral gyrus, bilateral putamen and right SMA in individuals with CAI, but not in healthy controls. These findings suggested that impaired sensorimotor function partly corresponded to potential neurophysiological alterations in individuals with CAI.
Testes com consulta para avaliação de conhecimento de estudantes da área da saúde
Authors: Duque Taciana , FERREIRA DO NASCIMENTO LUCIENE MARIA 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O teste com consulta, (TC) é uma estratégia de avaliação que permite ao estudante a consulta a fontes de estudo durante a sua realização. Objetivo: Avaliar a utilização do teste com consulta online em cursos da área da saúde. Método: estudo de avaliação sobre a utilização de testes online com consulta com estudantes e docentes da área da saúde entre fevereiro de 2023 a março de 2024. Aplicado formulário online com assertivas relacionadas ao teste em escala de Likert de 5 pontos. Realizada pelos docentes análise de 60 questões previamente aplicadas, em relação à taxonomia e método socrático. Utilizado o pacote estatístico R versão 4.0. para análise O critério de consenso para assertivas Ranking médio acima de 3 e para a análise das questões a concordância de mais de 50% dos avaliadores. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Instituição sob o número: 6.260.105. Resultados: Participaram 148 estudantes e 24 docentes que concordaram com instruções prévias esclarecedoras sobre o teste .Consideraram o tempo do teste satisfatório e seguro o método com relação a fraude. Na análise das questões,40% estavam de acordo com o método socrático; 32% cobravam memorização, 41% compreender/aplicar e 27% de resolução de problemas. Os docentes concordaram que o TC é uma boa forma de avaliar conhecimento, o que não ficou ainda evidente na opinião dos estudantes. Conclusão: estudantes e docentes não identificaram dificuldades com utilização e aplicação dos testes, sendo reconhecido por estes últimos como um bom modelo na avaliação do conhecimento.
Avaliação dos processos de estudo e autorregulação da aprendizagem dos discentes de um curso de medicina
Authors: COSTA DE OLIVEIRA CLAUDIA MARIA , Farias Barbosa Lívia , Olímpio Vasconcelos Carneiro Marcela , Alves Tavares Maria Gabriella , Almeida da Cunha Ana Luise 
Published: December 2024

O sucesso acadêmico é influenciado por muitos fatores, entre eles técnicas de aprendizagem, automotivação, gerenciamento de tempo, autorregulação e tipos de estudo. O desenvolvimento da autorregulação é uma aptidão natural do ser humano, mas pode ser ensinada, contribuindo assim, com a capacidade de o aluno evoluir em sua aprendizagem. Outro fator importante no desempenho acadêmico é o processo de estudo (superficial, profundo e estratégico). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os processos de estudo e a autorregulação da aprendizagem dos alunos do primeiro ao oitavo semestres de um curso de Medicina. Foram incluídos alunos com idade superior a 18 anos, que receberam formulário Google forms, através do whastapp, para avaliação dos processos de estudo e do processo de auto-regulação do estudo. Resultados: Participaram 643 discentes, idade média de 23,8 anos e 67,2% feminino. 91,3% dos discentes usam slides do professor como principal ferramenta de estudo e 73,6% apresentam estudo do tipo consistente. Na avaliação dos processos de estudo (IPE), os alunos obtiveram maiores escores nos itens relativos a aprendizagem profunda e na avaliação da autorregulação do estudo (IPAA), a mediana do escore foi 3,89. Conclusão: Embora seja um processo complexo, a autorregulação deve ser ensinada e aprimorada no contexto educativo.
Report on a colorectal Lynch syndrome clinic across the North-East London Cancer Alliance region
Authors: Carvalho Filipe 
Published: December 2024

Background: Lynch syndrome is a genetic condition that significantly raises the risk of bowel cancer and increases the likelihood of other cancers, such as uterine and ovarian cancers. Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients seen in a lynch syndrome (LS) clinic across the North East London Cancer Alliance (NELCA) region, and identify patient- and cancer-related features, such as location and staging. Method: This study used a population-based observational cohort analysis in the NELCA region, across three NHS trusts. The study was run between 24 January, 2023, and 23 January, 2024. Data on 28 CRC patients were collected, then reviewed in a colorectal genetic clinic. A total of 26 patients agreed to take part in LS testing; two of the cohort refused. Clinical-specific data were routinely collected following the patients’ initial clinical appointment. Prevalence of LS was determined and correlated with patient characteristics (sex, ethnic background and age) and attributes relating to their cancer diagnosis (tumour location, tumour size and spread into nearby tissue, as per TNM staging). Results: LS was diagnosed in 6 (23%) of the 26 patients that underwent testing. An increased likelihood of LS was associated with several features, including: T3 staging, a right-sided tumour location, and being of the male sex, a White ethnic background and between 41 to 60 years of age. Conclusions: The study demonstrates the continued importance of colorectal genetic clinics in detecting LS. It exemplifies how genetic clinics can improve LS diagnosis and why it is necessary to integrate LS clinics in CRC patient care.
Twin home birth: Outcomes of 100 sets of twins in the care of a single practitioner
Authors: Fischbein Stuart J. , Freeze Rixa 
Published: December 2024

Background
Research on community (home or birth center) twin birth is scarce. This study evaluates outcomes of twin pregnancies entering care with a single community practitioner.

Methods
This is a retrospective observational cohort study of 100 consecutive twin pregnancies planning community births during a 12-year period. Outcomes measured included mode of birth; birth weights; Apgar scores; ante-, intra-, and post-partum transports; perineal integrity; birth interval; blood loss; chorionicity; weight concordance; and other maternal or neonatal morbidity.

Results
31 women (31%) transferred to a hospital-based clinician prior to labor. Of the 69 pregnancies still under the obstetrician’s care when labor began, 79.7% (n = 55) were Dichorionic Diamniotic and 21.3% (n = 14) were Monochorionic Diamniotic. The vaginal birth rate was 91.3% (n = 63): 77.3% for primips and functional primips (no previous vaginal births) and 97.9% for multips. Six mothers (8.7%) had in-labor cesareans (1 multip and 5 primips). Rates of vaginal birth did not vary significantly by chorionicity. There were 8 transports in labor (11.6%): 2 vaginal and 6 cesareans. Average gestational age was 39.0 weeks (range 35–42). Compared to primiparas, multiparas had less perineal trauma and higher rates of vaginal birth and spontaneous vaginal birth. One twin infant and one mother required postpartum hospital transport. Of the babies born in a community setting, there was no serious morbidity requiring hospital treatment.

Conclusions
A community birth can lead to high rates of vaginal birth and good outcomes for both mothers and babies in properly selected twin pregnancies. Community twin birth with midwifery style care under specific protocol guidelines and with a skilled practitioner may be a reasonable choice for women wishing to avoid a cesarean section—especially when there is no option of a hospital vaginal birth. Training all practitioners in vaginal twin and breech birth skills remains an imperative.
WSN intrusion detection method using improved spatiotemporal ResNet and GAN
Authors: Yang Jing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A network intrusion detection method that integrates improved spatiotemporal residual network and generative adversarial network (GAN) in a big data environment is proposed to address the issues of poor feature extraction and significant impact from data imbalance in most existing intrusion detection methods. First, GANs are used for wireless sensor network data resampling to generate new sample sets, thereby overcoming the impact of data imbalance. Then, an improved spatiotemporal residual network model is designed, in which the spatial and temporal features of the data are extracted and fused through multi-scale one-dimensional convolution modules and gated loop unit modules, and identity maps are added based on the idea of residual networks to avoid network degradation and other issues. Finally, the resampled samples are input into the improved spatiotemporal residual network model to output the intrusion detection results of the network. Based on the NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15, and CICIDS2017 datasets, experimental analysis is conducted on the proposed method. The results showed that its accuracy on the three datasets is 99.62, 83.98, and 99.86%, respectively, which are superior to other comparative methods.