bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID 19: Psychological Effects and Associated Factors in Mexican Nurses
Authors: Cortés-Álvarez Nadia Yanet , Vuelvas-Olmos César Rubén 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectives:The present study examined the psychological effects and identify factors associated with worse outcomes, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Mexican nurses involved in fighting against COVID-19.Methods:An anonymous online questionnaire was applied through an online survey, which collected information regarding basic information, traumatic distress response (IES-R scale), emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE), and psychological distress (K10 scale).Results:Results showed that 46.72% of nurses reported moderate-severe traumatic distress response, 42.40% of nurses evidenced a high level of emotional exhaustion, and 41.78% showed moderate-severe psychological distress. Nurses who have >2 children, an increase in working hours due to COVID-19, increase in tobacco and alcohol consumption, and presence of a confirmed and suspected case of COVID-19 in their workplace showed worse outcomes.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate that a large portion of nurses in Mexico is suffering from psychological disturbances due to the COVID-19 outbreak. In the face of a health crisis, not seen in several years in Mexico, the proper psychological well-being of the nursing staff at this vulnerable time is essential.
Justified Group Belief, Group Knowledge and Being in a Position to Know
Authors: Koscholke Jakob 
Published: December 2020

AbstractJennifer Lackey has recently presented a new and lucid analysis of the notion ofjustified group belief, i.e. a set of individually necessary and jointly sufficient conditions for a group to justifiedly believe some proposition. In this paper, however, I argue that theanalysansshe proposes is too narrow: one of the conditions she takes to be necessary for justified group belief is not necessary. To substantiate this claim, I present a potential counterexample to Lackey's analysis where a group knows and thus justifiedly believes some proposition but there is no single group member who actually believes that proposition. I close by defending the example against the objection that the group in question does notknowbut is at mostin a positionto know the target proposition.
Thermal impact of Heinrich stadials in cave temperature and speleothem oxygen isotope records
Authors: Domínguez-Villar David , Krklec Kristina , López-Sáez José Antonio , Sierro Francisco J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
During each Heinrich stadial (HS), temperatures in southern Europe typically dropped several degrees during several hundred to few thousand years. We have developed a one-dimensional thermal conduction model that transfers the typical surface temperature anomaly of a HS to a series of hypothetical underlying caves. The results show that with increasing depth, the thermal anomaly is attenuated, the lag time increases, and the signal structure experiences larger modifications. The model suggests that in most cases, it is not acceptable to assume a synchronous thermal variability and similar average temperature values between the surface atmosphere and the cave interior at millennial timescales. We also simulated the thermal impact of the modeled HS on speleothem δ18O records. The outputs of most model scenarios suggest that temperature changes associated with the HS produce δ18O anomalies capable of contributing significantly or even decisively to the speleothem isotope variability. Therefore, despite controls other than temperature often being considered more important when interpreting Pleistocene speleothem δ18O records in temperate climates, this research suggests that temperature is expected to be one of the major controls of δ18O values in most cave sites outside the tropics and should be included as a significant parameter affecting Pleistocene speleothem δ18O records.
Political Knowledge and Misinformation in the Era of Social Media: Evidence From the 2015 UK Election
Authors: Munger Kevin , Egan Patrick J. , Nagler Jonathan , Ronen Jonathan , Tucker Joshua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDoes social media educate voters, or mislead them? This study measures changes in political knowledge among a panel of voters surveyed during the 2015 UK general election campaign while monitoring the political information to which they were exposed on the Twitter social media platform. The study's panel design permits identification of the effect of information exposure on changes in political knowledge. Twitter use led to higher levels of knowledge about politics and public affairs, as information from news media improved knowledge of politically relevant facts, and messages sent by political parties increased knowledge of party platforms. But in a troubling demonstration of campaigns' ability to manipulate knowledge, messages from the parties also shifted voters' assessments of the economy and immigration in directions favorable to the parties' platforms, leaving some voters with beliefs further from the truth at the end of the campaign than they were at its beginning.
LOCALIZATION BY -PERIODIC COMPLEXES AND VIRTUAL STRUCTURE SHEAVES
Authors: Oh Jeongseok , Sreedhar Bhamidi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn [12], Kim and the first author proved a result comparing the virtual fundamental classes of the moduli spaces of
$\varepsilon $
-stable quasimaps and
$\varepsilon $
-stable
$LG$
-quasimaps by studying localized Chern characters for
$2$
-periodic complexes.In this paper, we study a K-theoretic analogue of the localized Chern character map and show that for a Koszul
$2$
-periodic complex it coincides with the cosection-localized Gysin map of Kiem and Li [11]. As an application, we compare the virtual structure sheaves of the moduli space of
$\varepsilon $
-stable quasimaps and
$\varepsilon $
-stable
$LG$
-quasimaps.
EXTREME VALUES OF GEODESIC PERIODS ON ARITHMETIC HYPERBOLIC SURFACES
Authors: Michels Bart 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGiven a closed geodesic on a compact arithmetic hyperbolic surface, we show the existence of a sequence of Laplacian eigenfunctions whose integrals along the geodesic exhibit nontrivial growth. Via Waldspurger’s formula we deduce a lower bound for central values of Rankin-Selberg L-functions of Maass forms times theta series associated to real quadratic fields.
Epigenetic mechanisms involved in intrauterine growth restriction and aberrant kidney development and function
Authors: Doan Thu N. A. , Briffa Jessica F. , Phillips Aaron L. , Leemaqz Shalem Y. , Burton Rachel A. , Romano Tania , Wlodek Mary E. , Bianco-Miotto Tina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) due to uteroplacental insufficiency results in a placenta that is unable to provide adequate nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. These growth-restricted babies have an increased risk of hypertension and chronic kidney disease later in life. In rats, both male and female growth-restricted offspring have nephron deficits but only males develop kidney dysfunction and high blood pressure. In addition, there is transgenerational transmission of nephron deficits and hypertension risk. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms may explain the sex-specific programming and multigenerational transmission of IUGR-related phenotypes. Expression of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt1and Dnmt3a) and imprinted genes (Peg3, Snrpn, Kcnq1, and Cdkn1c) were investigated in kidney tissues of sham and IUGR rats in F1 (embryonic day 20 (E20) and postnatal day 1 (PN1)) and F2 (6 and 12 months of age, paternal and maternal lines) generations (n = 6–13/group). In comparison to sham offspring, F1 IUGR rats had a 19% decrease in Dnmt3a expression at E20 (P < 0.05), with decreased Cdkn1c (19%, P < 0.05) and increased Kcnq1 (1.6-fold, P < 0.01) at PN1. There was a sex-specific difference in Cdkn1c and Snrpn expression at E20, with 29% and 34% higher expression in IUGR males compared to females, respectively (P < 0.05). Peg3 sex-specific expression was lost in the F2 IUGR offspring, only in the maternal line. These findings suggest that epigenetic mechanisms may be altered in renal embryonic and/or fetal development in growth-restricted offspring, which could alter kidney function, predisposing these offspring to kidney disease later in life.
Dimension control of in situ fabricated CsPbClBr2 nanocrystal films toward efficient blue light-emitting diodes
Authors: Wang Chenhui , Han Dengbao , Wang Junhui , Yang Yingguo , Liu Xinyue , Huang Sheng , Zhang Xin , Chang Shuai , Wu Kaifeng , Zhong Haizheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the field of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), the performance of blue emissive electroluminescence devices lags behind the other counterparts due to the lack of fabrication methodology. Herein, we demonstrate the in situ fabrication of CsPbClBr2 nanocrystal films by using mixed ligands of 2-phenylethanamine bromide (PEABr) and 3,3-diphenylpropylamine bromide (DPPABr). PEABr dominates the formation of quasi-two-dimensional perovskites with small-n domains, while DPPABr induces the formation of large-n domains. Strong blue emission at 470 nm with a photoluminescence quantum yield up to 60% was obtained by mixing the two ligands due to the formation of a narrower quantum-well width distribution. Based on such films, efficient blue PeLEDs with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.8% were achieved at 473 nm. Furthermore, we illustrate that the use of dual-ligand with respective tendency of forming small-n and large-n domains is a versatile strategy to achieve narrow quantum-well width distribution for photoluminescence enhancement.
The iron-dependent repressor YtgR is a tryptophan-dependent attenuator of the trpRBA operon in Chlamydia trachomatis
Authors: Pokorzynski Nick D. , Hatch Nathan D. , Ouellette Scot P. , Carabeo Rey A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe trp operon of Chlamydia trachomatis is organized differently from other model bacteria. It contains trpR, an intergenic region (IGR), and the biosynthetic trpB and trpA open-reading frames. TrpR is a tryptophan-dependent repressor that regulates the major promoter (PtrpR), while the IGR harbors an alternative promoter (PtrpBA) and an operator sequence for the iron-dependent repressor YtgR to regulate trpBA expression. Here, we report that YtgR repression at PtrpBA is also dependent on tryptophan by regulating YtgR levels through a rare triple-tryptophan motif (WWW) in the YtgCR precursor. Inhibiting translation during tryptophan limitation at the WWW motif subsequently promotes Rho-independent transcription termination of ytgR, thereby de-repressing PtrpBA. Thus, YtgR represents an alternative strategy to attenuate trpBA expression, expanding the repertoire for trp operon attenuation beyond TrpL- and TRAP-mediated mechanisms described in other bacteria. Furthermore, repurposing the iron-dependent repressor YtgR underscores the fundamental importance of maintaining tryptophan-dependent attenuation of the trpRBA operon.
Lunar impact crater identification and age estimation with Chang’E data by deep and transfer learning
Authors: Yang Chen , Zhao Haishi , Bruzzone Lorenzo , Benediktsson Jon Atli , Liang Yanchun , Liu Bin , Zeng Xingguo , Guan Renchu , Li Chunlai , Ouyang Ziyuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImpact craters, which can be considered the lunar equivalent of fossils, are the most dominant lunar surface features and record the history of the Solar System. We address the problem of automatic crater detection and age estimation. From initially small numbers of recognized craters and dated craters, i.e., 7895 and 1411, respectively, we progressively identify new craters and estimate their ages with Chang’E data and stratigraphic information by transfer learning using deep neural networks. This results in the identification of 109,956 new craters, which is more than a dozen times greater than the initial number of recognized craters. The formation systems of 18,996 newly detected craters larger than 8 km are estimated. Here, a new lunar crater database for the mid- and low-latitude regions of the Moon is derived and distributed to the planetary community together with the related data analysis.
An IL-2-grafted antibody immunotherapy with potent efficacy against metastatic cancer
Authors: Sahin Dilara , Arenas-Ramirez Natalia , Rath Matthias , Karakus Ufuk , Hümbelin Monika , van Gogh Merel , Borsig Lubor , Boyman Onur 
Published: December 2020

AbstractModified interleukin-2 (IL-2) formulations are being tested in cancer patients. However, IL-2 immunotherapy damages IL-2 receptor (IL-2R)-positive endothelial cells and stimulates IL-2Rα (CD25)-expressing lymphocytes that curtail anti-tumor responses. A first generation of IL-2Rβ (CD122)-biased IL-2s addressed some of these drawbacks. Here, we present a second-generation CD122-biased IL-2, developed by splitting and permanently grafting unmutated human IL-2 (hIL-2) to its antigen-binding groove on the anti-hIL-2 monoclonal antibody NARA1, thereby generating NARA1leukin. In comparison to hIL-2/NARA1 complexes, NARA1leukin shows a longer in vivo half-life, completely avoids association with CD25, and more potently stimulates CD8+T and natural killer cells. These effects result in strong anti-tumor responses in various pre-clinical cancer models, whereby NARA1leukin consistently surpasses the efficacy of hIL-2/NARA1 complexes in controlling metastatic disease. Collectively, NARA1leukin is a CD122-biased single-molecule construct based on unmutated hIL-2 with potent efficacy against advanced malignancies.
Short-Term Pediatric Acclimatization to Adaptive Hearing Aid Technology
Authors: Pinkl Joseph , Cash Erin K. , Evans Tommy C. , Neijman Timothy , Hamilton Jean W. , Ferguson Sarah D. , Martinez Jasmin L. , Rumley Johanne , Hunter Lisa L. , Moore David R. , Stewart Hannah J. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis exploratory study assessed the perceptual, cognitive, and academic learning effects of an adaptive, integrated, directionality, and noise reduction hearing aid program in pediatric users.MethodFifteen pediatric hearing aid users (6–12 years old) received new bilateral, individually fitted Oticon Opn hearing aids programmed with OpenSound Navigator (OSN) processing. Word recognition in noise, sentence repetition in quiet, nonword repetition, vocabulary learning, selective attention, executive function, memory, and reading and mathematical abilities were measured within 1 week of the initial hearing aid fitting and 2 months post fit. Caregivers completed questionnaires assessing their child's listening and communication abilities prior to study enrollment and after 2 months of using the study hearing aids.ResultsCaregiver reporting indicated significant improvements in speech and sound perception, spatial sound awareness, and the ability to participate in conversations. However, there was no positive change in performance in any of the measured skills. Mathematical scores significantly declined after 2 months.ConclusionsOSN provided a perceived improvement in functional benefit, compared to their previous hearing aids, as reported by caregivers. However, there was no positive change in listening skills, cognition, and academic success after 2 months of using OSN. Findings may have been impacted by reporter bias, limited sample size, and a relatively short trial period. This study took place during the summer when participants were out of school, which may have influenced the decline in mathematical scores. The results support further exploration with age- and audiogram-matched controls, larger sample sizes, and longer test–retest intervals that correspond to the academic school year.
Speech-Language Pathologists in Pediatric Palliative Care: An International Study of Perceptions and Experiences
Authors: Krikheli Lillian , Erickson Shane , Carey Lindsay B. , Carey-Sargeant Christa L. , Mathisen Bernice A. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to gather qualitative data regarding the experiences and perceptions of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) practicing in pediatric palliative care (PPC) and investigate their approaches for working with patients, families, and the multidisciplinary team.

Method
Ten participants from Australia, Canada, and the United States were recruited from a previous survey study. In-depth interviews were conducted via videoconferencing. Two coders used NVivo software to record and organize the data into themes. Interrater reliability of the coding was established with a third coder. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research 32-item checklist has been used for reporting the research.

Results
Interrater coding reliability (using weighted kappa) was .81, indicating “almost perfect” agreement on the selection of themes from the code frame. Emerging themes included clinical interventions, unique SLP skills in PPC, multidisciplinary team relationships, workforce issues, education and training, governance, medicolegal considerations, bioethical issues, and holistic care. Additional subthemes are also noted. In the absence of research evidence and practice recommendations, SLPs rely on client perspectives and clinical experience to guide their professional practice in PPC.

Conclusions
Qualitative survey analysis of the perceptions and experiences of SLP clinicians from three postindustrial countries identified nine major themes regarding PPC. Results expand on limited literature to date in the area of PPC. Future research using larger samples is needed to provide clinicians with best practice recommendations for working with patients, families, and the broader care team.
Extremely low frequency‐based faulty line selection of low‐resistance grounding system
Authors: Chen Qing , Peng Junran , Li Hongbin , Yang Shiwu , Zhou Lei , Pang Dongxiao , Deng Hu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe single‐phase‐to‐ground faulty line selection methods based on the signals of the frequency above 10 Hz has a low discrimination of fault characteristic signal and characteristic signal may be covered by noise in cases of high‐resistance fault. To solve the problem, a line selection method based on system's own extremely low frequency signal (SOELFS) is proposed. Due to the obvious attenuation characteristic of extremely low frequency signals in healthy lines, the extremely low frequency signal has a larger discrimination and hardly affected by imbalanced current noise. Moreover, as the amplitude of the SOELFS is affected by the initial phase angle of the fault, an additional line selection method based on artificially injected extremely low frequency signal is proposed. Cooperating with the specially designed and implemented measuring device, simulations and experimental verification are carried out. The results show that the discrimination of characteristic signal increases from 31 obtained by power frequency to more than 500, the high‐resistance fault protection ability increases from 2 to 10 k.
Enhanced Half-Life Recombinant Factor VIII Concentrates for Hemophilia A: Insights from Pivotal and Extension Studies
Authors: Di Minno Matteo Nicola Dario , Di Minno Alessandro , Calcaterra Ilenia , Cimino Ernesto , Dell'Aquila Francesco , Franchini Massimo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe development of enhanced half-life recombinant factor VIII (EHL-rFVIII) concentrates has improved the management of hemophilia. Furthermore, the chance of maintaining higher trough levels has allowed higher protection from bleeding and, in turn, improved safely performance for certain types of physical activity. The first technology used to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of factor VIII (FVIII) was fusion with the Fc domain of immunoglobulin G. More recently, conjugation to hydrophilic polymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been demonstrated to prolong plasma half-life of FVIII by means of a reduction in clearance of the molecule due to steric hindrance by PEG covering the protein. Here we report results of a systematic review of pivotal studies on EHL-rFVIII concentrates. Significant heterogeneity is observed among different studies on EHL-rFVIII concentrates, and direct comparisons should be avoided. The annualized bleeding rate has ranged between 1.2 and 1.9 in different EHL-rFVIII concentrates, with a progressive further decrease during extension phases of pivotal studies. Zero bleeding was reported by 40 to 45% of patients. Overall, the emerging treatment options seem to be highly effective and safe, associated with a decreased dosing interval to twice weekly or less, which reduces, but does not entirely eliminate, the burden of treatment. Overall, further information is needed from real-life settings to permit differentiation between EHL-FVIII concentrates and for individualizing treatment.
Thermodynamic properties of interacting bosons with zero chemical potential
Authors: Stashko O S , Anchishkin D V , Savchuk O V , Gorenstein M I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Thermodynamics properties of an interacting system of bosons are considered at finite temperatures and zero chemical potential within the Skyrme-like mean-field model. An interplay between attractive and repulsive interactions is investigated. As a particular example an equilibrium system of pions is discussed. Several modifications of thermodynamic properties in the considered system are found with increasing a strength of attractive forces. Different types of the first order phase transition are classified. Some of these transitions exist also in the Boltzmann approximation. However, effects of the Bose statistics introduce the notable additional changes in the thermodynamic quantities due to a possibility of the Bose–Einstein condensation.
Robust laser stripe extraction for 3D measurement of complex objects
Authors: He Zaixing , Kang Lianpeng , Zhao Xinyue , Zhang Shuyou , Tan Jianrong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Laser stripe center extraction is a critical step for a structured-light system, which plays an important role in industrial fields. However, existing center extraction methods are mainly for simple objects, where the stripe contours are relatively clear and no fake stripe areas caused by surface texture or surface reflection disturb the extraction of the real stripe area. To develop center extraction methods for complex objects, this paper proposed a new laser stripe extraction method based on the features of the laser stripe. After extracting seed points of the laser stripe using an extreme value method and connected component analysis, we can determine the stripe directions from the seed points and iteratively grow the centerline of the laser stripe. Finally, a gray-gravity method is used to extract the accurate center points of the laser stripe based on the obtained centerline. Experiments on 2D image laser stripe extraction and real 3D reconstruction application verified the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method.