bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of applying 4-stages on learning analysis and design of algorithms
Authors: Ülker Ezgi Deniz 
Published: November 2020

The ability of analysing and designing an algorithm is quite essential for computer science education. The students in the Analysis and Design of Algorithms (ADA) course are expected to be able to solve problems by choosing one of the proper design methods and to analyse the algorithm’s performance in terms of various aspects. Instead of using traditional teaching approaches, a new 4-stage method is proposed to improve the concept of learning and teaching of algorithms. The instructor applied 4 consecutive stages during the tutorials and practical implementations. The students were asked a series of questions for evaluating not only themselves but also the new method and the instructor capability of handling the course by applying the 4-stages. According to the evaluations, the 4-stage method met the course objectives with noticeable rates and the course learning outcomes were achieved with high success rates when compared with the previous semester. In order to attain a sustainable achievement in teaching ADA, it is recommended to apply the 4-stage method every academic year. The application of 4-stages allows the instructor to be more efficient in programming teaching and the student more confident in programming, therefore it can be suggested for other programming related courses.

Keywords: Computer science education; Concepts of learning and teaching; Course learning outcomes; Programming teaching; Teaching approaches
INOVASI PERANCANGAN INSENTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PADA PERUSAHAAN CLEANING SERVICE ONLINE
Authors: Kurniawati Melati , Sidiq Anas Nasrulloh 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKPerusahaan XYZ adalah perusahaan cleaning service online yang baru berkembang. Perusahaan ini belum memiliki sistem penilaian kinerja karyawan yang objektif. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan karyawan yang tidak puas oleh sistem perusahaan sehingga turnover karyawan tinggi setiap bulannya, setidaknya satu karyawan keluar. Dari permasalahan tersebut penelitian ini mencoba merancang sistem penilaian kinerja dan insentif yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut salah satunya dengan rancangan insentif untuk meningkatkan kinerja pada perusahaan. Sistem kinerja ini merupakan pendekatan dengan model campuran (mix model). Rancangan pemberian insentif ini dilihat dari dua indikator yaitu indikator perilaku dan kemampuan yang diturunkan dari misi perusahaan untuk menjadi dasar perancangan variable pengukuran. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dari nominal insentif yang didapat karyawan dan peningkatan kepuasan karyawan terhadap sistem penilaian kinerja.Kata kunci: Pengukuran kinerja, mix model, kompensasi, manajemen sumberdaya manusiaABSTRACTXYZ company is a new online cleaning service company. This company does not yet have an objective employee performance appraisal system. This resulted in employees being dissatisfied with the company's system so that employee turnover was high every month, at least one employee left. From these problems, this study tries to design a performance appraisal system and incentives that are used to solve these problems, one of which is by designing incentives to improve performance in the company. This performance system is a mix model approach. The design of this incentive is seen from two indicators, namely the behavioral and ability indicators derived from the company's mission to be the basis for designing measurement variables. The results of this study indicate a significant difference from the nominal incentives obtained by employees and an increase in employee satisfaction with the performance appraisal system. Keywords: Performance measurement, mix model, compensation, human resource management
ALIMENTOS TRANSGÊNICOS: PERCEPÇÃO E ACEITABILIDADE DA POPULAÇÃO TOCANTINENSE
Authors: Marques Bianchini Condessa Bárbara , Marinho Menezes Isabela , Ribeiro Araújo Mirelle , De Almeida Alex Fernando , Santos Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral 
Published: November 2020

Os alimentos transgênicos vêm ganhando mais espaço na agricultura brasileira, principalmente na região do Cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a percepção e aceitabilidade da população tocantinense a respeito dos alimentos transgênicos. Aplicou-se questionários contendo 29 questões para 119 pessoas residentes em Gurupi-TO e outras cidades da região sul do Estado. Os questionários foram aplicados nos anos de 2016 a 2018 e analisados pelo método estatístico descritivo. Obteve-se um grau de confiança de 92,9% e margem de erro de 3,15 pontos percentuais. Observou-se que, 74% dos entrevistados conheciam a definição de alimentos transgênicos, 69% afirmaram que optariam por um alimento não transgênico. No entanto, 74% afirmam não leem o rótulo para verificar se o alimento é transgênico. Quanto ao consumo de alimentos transgênicos, 89% acreditam que a população consome sem conhecimento prévio. Portanto, nota-se a necessidade de inserção da população nos debates referentes aos transgênicos, bem como uma maior divulgação científica e midiática a respeito do tema para sanar as dúvidas da população sobre assunto.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL DAS ESPÉCIES CARÁ-MOELA (Dioscorea bulbífera) E CARÁ (Dioscorea ssp.)
Authors: Nunes Leal da Silva Elane , Ferreira da Silva Araújo Juliane , Roberta Freitas Pires Caroline 
Published: November 2020

O cará é um tubérculo comestível da família do inhame, originário da América do Sul apresentando diversos nomes populares como cará-barbado, cará-moela, cará-da-costa, cará-de-São-Tomé, cará branco, cará preto, cará amarelo, cará do Pará, etc. Entre as espécies domesticadas cerca de 10 são cultivadas (D. alata, D. bulbifera, C. cayenensis, D. rotundata, D. esculenta, D. opposita-20 japonica, D. nummularia, D. pentaphylla,D. transversa e D. trifida). A espécie Dioscorea bulbifera assim como outros carás, é um tipo de inhame, popularmente conhecido como cará-moela, cará-borboleta, cará-do-ar e cará-de-corda. Diferente do cará convencional, o cará-moela é uma espécie não convencional e recebe esse nome devido sua similaridade com a moela do frango. Devido à carência de estudos referentes à espécie Dioscorea bulbifera na literatura, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar as características nutricionais dessa espécie, assim como compará-la com a espécie Dioscorea spp. As espécies foram caracterizadas quanto à composição nutricional avaliando o teor de umidade, lipídios, proteína, fibras, cinzas, carboidratos e valor calórico total. Os resultados obtidos mostraram semelhança entre os dois tubérculos quanto ao teor de umidade, proteínas e lipídios, no entanto o cará-moela apresentou menor teor de carboidrato, menor valor calórico e maior teor de fibras quando comparado ao cará convencional.
Needs Analysis of Creating an Android-Based for Istimā‘ Learning Materials
Authors: Bahtiar Ihwan Rahman 
Published: November 2020

The growing users of Android-based devices among students and demands the implementation of online learning to encourage innovation in the preparation of learning. One of the innovations following these conditions is the preparation of teaching materials based on Android. The purpose of this study is to find out of needs analysis of Android-Based learning materials for istimāʻ (lisetening) III in Arabic Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The study analyses the student needs using the descriptive method. While the data will be collected questionnaire. Then, the data analyzed with a quantitative technique. There are three steps of the process that will go through, namely data reduction, data display, and taking a conclusion. The sample of this study was 40 fifth semester students. The result of the study shows that all students own and use based on Android smartphones and students want istimāʻ III materials to build in the based-on Android application.
"I can rise up from my adversity”: Situational language learning strategies
Authors: Ismiatun Febti , Widowati Diah Retno , Suhartoyo Eko 
Published: November 2020

Deriving from the postulation that learning strategies are shaped from a learning situation, which is inseparable from its socio-cultural context. A paradigm has shifted language learning strategies (LLSs) studies in the new perspective of situational-based research. Using a narrative approach, this study examined one female pre-service teacher of an English education major in occupying strategies to fulfill the learning needs. To meet with the data, semi-structured interviews were carried out for the participant through a series of interconnected questions. The results marked that the use of learning strategies varied in a distinct learning situation, including the strategies to achieve the learning goal as well as to encounter the obstacles in English learning. Thus, this study has emphasized the feasibility of LLSs in context. Suggestions were also presented at the end of this paper.
HIGHLIGHTS:

The use of strategies is varied in changing learning situation.
The appropriate strategies assist students in fulfilling the English learning needs.
The application of strategy training in EFL classroom is noteworthy because it is teachable.
Professional development as viewed by EFL teachers at lower secondary schools
Authors: Rachmajanti Sri , Sulistyo Gunadi Harry , Megawati Fika , Akbar Ayu Alif Nur Maharani 
Published: November 2020

In the developed world, teachers are compelled to be professional in handling instructional process for students’ optimum learning. There are many ways for teacher professionalism. This study deals with an exploratory survey to probe EFL teachers’ views of teacher professionalism at the public and private lower secondary levels of education on the areas for professional development or learning. A number of 302 EFL teachers of the lower secondary level of education are conveniently drawn from a number of cities/regencies as samples of the present study representing EFL teachers with diverse teaching experiences in East Java. A questionnaire was developed to collect data on their ideas connected with aspects of developing themselves professionally. The results of the present study are discussed pertaining to EFL teacher normative responsibilities and concepts on professional development/learning. Pedagogical and theoretical implications of the findings are drawn with reference to the context of English instruction.
Identification of Forearc Sediments in the Milin-Zedong Region and Their Constraints on Tectonomagmatic Evolution of the Gangdese Arc, Southern Tibet
Authors: Zhang Shao-Hua , Ji Wei-Qiang , Zhang Hao , Chen Guo-Hui , Wang Jian-Gang , Meng Zhong-Yu , Wu Fu-Yuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Xigaze forearc sediments revealed the part of the tectonomagmatic history of the Gangdese arc that the bedrocks did not record. However, the sediments’ development is restricted to the region around and west of Xigaze City. Whether the eastern segment of the arc had a corresponding forearc basin is yet to be resolved. In this study, a field-based stratigraphic study, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology (15 samples), and Hf isotopic analyses (11 of the 15 samples) were carried out on four sections in the Milin-Zedong area, southeast Tibet. The analytical results revealed the existence of three distinct provenances. The lower sequence is characterized by fine-grained sandstone, interbedded mudstone, and some metamorphic rocks (e.g., gneiss and schist). The detrital zircon U-Pb age distribution of this sequence is analogous to those of the Carboniferous-Permian strata and metasediments of the Nyingtri group in the Lhasa terrane. The middle and upper sequences are predominantly composed of medium- to coarse-grained volcaniclastic/quartzose sandstones, which are generally interbedded with mudstone. The detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotope signatures indicate that the middle sequences are Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in age (~200–100 Ma) and show clear affinity with the Gangdese arc rocks, that is, positive εHft values. In contrast, the upper sequences are characterized by Mesozoic detrital zircons (150–100 Ma) and negative εHft values, indicative of derivation from the central Lhasa terrane. The overall compositions of the detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of the middle to upper sequences resemble those of the Xigaze forearc sediments, implying that related forearc sediments may have been developed in the eastern part of the Gangdese arc. It is possible that the forearc equivalents were eroded or destroyed during the later orogenesis. Additionally, the detrital zircons from these forearc sediments indicate that this segment of the Gangdese arc experienced more active and continuous magmatism from the Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous than its bedrock records indicate.
Cohort Profile: The Nigerian HIV Geriatric Cohort Study
Authors: Dakum Patrick , Avong Yohanna Kambai , Odutola Michael Kolawole , Okuma James , Kayode Gbenga Ayodele , Nta Iboro Ekpo , Ndembi Nicaise , Mensah Charles , Khamofu Hadiza , Okonkwo Prosper , Okpanachi John Oko , Ezeanolue Echezona 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The Nigerian HIV Geriatric Cohort (NHGC) is a longitudinal cohort setup to learn how elderly people living with HIV (EPLHIV) in Nigeria fare, despite not being prioritized by the national treatment program, and to deepen knowledge for their differentiated care and achieve better outcomes. In this paper, we describe data collected on sociodemographic and clinical data from EPLHIV from the inception of Nigeria’s national HIV program to 2018.Methods: Patient-level data spanning the period 2004 to 2018, obtained from comprehensive HIV treatment hospitals, that are supported by four major PEPFAR-implementing partners in Nigeria were used. These 4 entities collaborated as member organizations of the Nigeria Implementation Science Alliance. We defined elderly as those aged 50 years and above. From deidentified treatment records, demographic and clinical data of EPLHIV ≥50-year-old at ART initiation during the review period was extracted, merged into a single REDcap® database, and described using STATA 13.Results: A total of 101,652 EPLHIV were analysed. Women accounted for 53,608 (53%) women, 51,037 (71%) of EPLHIV identified as married and 33,446 (51%) unemployed. Median age was 57.1 years (IQR 52 – 60 years) with a median duration on ART treatment of 4.1 years (IQR 1.7 – 7.1 years). ART profile showed that 97,586 (96%) were on 1st-line and 66,125 (65%) were on TDF-based regimens. Median body mass index (BMI) was 22.2 kg/m2 (IQR 19.5 – 25.4kg/m2) with 43,012 (55%), 15,081 (19%) and 6,803 (9%) showing normal (18.5 – <25kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25 - <30kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥30kg/m2) ranges respectively. Prevalence of hypertension (systolic-BP >140mmHg or diastolic-BP >90mmHg) was 16,201 (21%). EPLHIV Median CD4 count was 381 cells/μL (IQR 212 - 577 cells/μL) and 26,687 (82%) had a viral load result showing <1000copies/ml within one year of their last visit. As for outcomes at their last visit, 62,821 (62%) were on active-in-treatment, 28,463 (28%) were lost-to-follow-up and 6,912 (7%) died. Poor population death records and aversion to autopsies makes it almost impossible to estimate AIDS-related deaths.Conclusions: This cohort describes the clinical and non-clinical profile of EPLHIV in Nigeria. We are following up the cohort to design and implement intervention programs, develop prognostic models to achieve better care outcomes for EPLHIV. This cohort would provide vital information for stakeholders in HIV prevention, care and treatment to understand the characteristics of EPLHIV.
Dental care for drug users in Norway: Dental professionals’ attitudes to treatment and experiences with interprofessional collaboration
Authors: Hovden Ewa , Ansteinsson Vibeke , Klepaker Ingrid Volden , Widström Eeva , Skudutyte-Rystad Rasa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to assess dental professionals’ attitudes and experiences related to the dental treatment of drug users and to interprofessional collaboration with the rehabilitation institutions (RIs).Methods: The study population comprised 141 dentists and dental hygienists (response rate 73%) working in the Public Dental Service (PDS) in three counties in Norway. All of the participants completed an electronically distributed questionnaire on existing practices and experiences regarding dental treatment for drug users and interprofessional collaboration with RIs. The Norwegian Centre for Research Data (NSD) approved the study.Results: Thirty-five percent of the dentists and 10% of the dental hygienists had treated five or more drug users per month (p < 0.05). The majority of dentists and dental hygienists used more time for examination and treatment of drug users compared to other patient groups. Over 70% of dental clinicians considered drug users as demanding patients due to fear, missing appointments, and poor compliance with oral hygiene advice. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that attitudes and experiences with dental treatment of drug users were significantly associated with background characteristics of professionals. The overall perception was that drug users often had higher expectations of dental treatment than what could be defined as necessary care and provided by the PDS. One-third of dental professionals reported that they were satisfied with the collaboration they had with RIs . Most of the respondents agreed that personnel from RIs could positively influence interprofessional collaboration by having sufficient knowledge of drug users statutory rights to free of charge dental treatment, as well as by close follow-up and motivation of patients before dental treatment.Conclusions: Dental professionals perceived the management of drug users as demanding due to dental fear, difficulties in coping with appointments, poor compliance to preventive measures, and disagreement between dental treatment defined as necessary and drug users’ expectations. Attitudes and experiences related to dental treatment of drug users were significantly associated with background characteristics of clinicians. Organizational barriers regarding leadership, accessibility, and collaborative routines, as well as lack of interprofessional communication, suggest current models of health care delivery to drug users need reviewing.
The deleterious effect of the HLA-C1/KIR2DL3 receptor-ligand combination in Chinese HIV patients
Authors: Sun Jian-jun , Shen Jia-yin , Zhang Feng-di , Zhang Ren-fang , Liu Li , Shen Yin-zhong , Wang Jiang-rong , Qi Tang-kai , Wang Zhen-yan , Tang Yang , Song Wei , Chen Jun , Guan Li-qian , Sun Mei-yan , Zhang Shu-ye , Lu Hong-zhou 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The combination of KIR-HLA affects the prognosis of HIV infection, and polymorphisms of KIR and its ligand HLA differs between regions and races. Few research has focused on the effects of the KIR-HLA combination on the prognosis of HIV-infected individuals in China. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from newly diagnosed and treatment naïve HIV-infected patients and processed according to the study design. Their clinical data and other demographic information were recorded. The genomic DNA of the host was extracted from whole blood samples, and KIR genotyping was performed using sequence specific primer amplification (PCR-SSP). The HLA genotyping was performed using sequence analysis (PCR-SBT), and the HLA-KIR genotyping and combination information were obtained. Fisher’s exact test was used for the comparison of categorical variables between groups, and the Mann-Whitney test was used for continuous variables. Results The baseline HIV level in patients with an HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3+ background was significantly higher than that in patients with an HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3- (4.34 log10 copies/ml vs. 3.72 log10 copies/ml, P=0.02). The baseline CD4/CD8 ratio of HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3+ patients was significantly lower than that of HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3- patients (0.33 vs. 0.56, P=0.02). The plasma soluble CD14 level at baseline was significantly lower in HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3- infected persons than HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3+ patients (P=0.03). Conclusions HIV-infected persons with the combination of HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3+ had a much higher HIV set point, higher baseline sCD14 levels and lower baseline CD4/CD8 than patients without this combination. The receptor-ligand combination of HLA-C1+/KIR2DL3+ has a deleterious effect in Chinese HIV patients.
CircHYBID&nbsp;Regulates Hyaluronan Metabolism in Chondrocytes by Promoting the Expression of the hsa-miR-29b-3p Target Gene TGF-β1
Authors: Liao Hong xing , Zhang Zhi Hui , Chen Hui Lin , Huang Ying-Mei , Liu Zhan-Liang , Huang Jian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Hyaluronan (HA) metabolism by chondrocytes is essential for cartilage development and homeostasis. However, the function of circular RNAs (circRNAs)in HA metabolism is limited. In this study, we profiled the role of the novel HA-related circRNA circHYBID in the progression of osteoarthritis.Methods: The function of circHYBID in HA metabolism in chondrocytes was investigated using gain-of-function experiments. The mechanism of HA-binding protein involved in hyaluronan depolymerization (HYBID) was confirmed through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays. The expression correlation of the circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 axis was examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. CircHYBID, TGF-β1, and HA levels in cartilage samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. ELISA assay was used to assess HA accumulation in chondrocyte supernatant.Results: CircHYBID expression was significantly downregulated in damaged cartilage samples comparing with that in the corresponding intact cartilage samples. CircHYBID expression was inversely correlated with the Mankin score and positively correlated with HA expression. Interleukin-1β stimulation in chondrocytes downregulated circHYBID expression and decreased HA accumulation. Gain-of-function experiments revealed that circHYBID overexpression in chondrocytes increased HA accumulation by regulating HA synthase 2 and HYBID expression. Further mechanism analysis illustrated that circHYBID upregulated TGF-β1 expression by sponging hsa-miR-29b-3p. Conclusions: Our results describe a novel HA-related circRNA that could promote the synthesis and accumulation of HA. The circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–TGF-β1 axis may play a powerful regulatory role in HA metabolism and Osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Thus, these findings will provide new perspectives for studies on OA pathogenesis, and circHYBID may serve as a potential target for OA therapy.