bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel oxygen saturation imaging endoscopy to assess anastomotic integrity in a porcine ischemia model
Authors: Hasegawa Hiro , Takeshita Nobuyoshi , Ito Masaaki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Establishing anastomotic integrity is crucial for avoiding anastomotic complications in colorectal surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of assessing anastomotic integrity using novel oxygen saturation imaging endoscopy in a porcine ischemia model.Methods: In three pigs, a new endoscope system was used to check the mechanical completeness of the anastomosis and capture the tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) images. This technology can derive the StO2 images from the differences in the absorption coefficient in the visible light region between oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin. Bowel perfusion at the proximal rectum was assessed before and after the anastomosis, and one minute and thirty minutes after the ligation of the cranial rectal artery (CRA).Results: The completeness of the anastomoses was confirmed by the absence of air leakage. Intraluminal oxygen saturation imaging was successfully performed in all animals. There was no significant difference in the StO2 level before and after the anastomosis (52.6 ± 2.0 vs. 52.0 ± 2.6; p = 0.76, respectively). The StO2 level of the intestine on the oral side of the anastomosis one minute after the CRA ligation was significantly lower than immediately after the anastomosis (15.9 ± 6.0 vs. 52.0 ± 2.6; p = 0.006, respectively). There was no significant difference in the StO2 level between one minute after and thirty minutes after the CRA ligation (15.9 ± 6.0 vs. 12.1 ± 5.3; p = 0.41, respectively).Conclusion: Novel oxygen saturation imaging endoscopy was safe and feasible to assess the anastomotic integrity in the experimental model.
Diet Quality and Mental Health Amongst Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Gill Raveena , Tyndall Sean F , Vora Darshini , Hassan Rashedul , Megna James , Leontieva Luba 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Poor diet quality has been found to be prevalent in people with mental illness [71] and even contribute to mental illness [71]. The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the relationship between diet quality, mental health problems, socioeconomic variables, physical activity level, and body mass index amongst acute psychiatric inpatients.Method: The study sample were 100 adult inpatients. Tools administered were Eating Habit Questionnaires (Dana Farber Institute) and the KIDMed index to assess food compliance in accordance with a Mediterranean diet. The Index marks all individuals as either having an “unhealthy score” or “healthy score”. The study utilized a descriptive correlation research design.Results: The results showed that 75% of the patients displayed an unhealthy score as per the KIDMed index. The findings displayed an inverse relationship of BMI and the KIDMed score. There was a significant positive correlation between the level of education and the KIDMed score. There is a positive correlation towards increased consumption of sugar in schizophrenic patients. There was no statistical significance between age, gender, income and physical activity with regards to the KIDMed score.Conclusion: Psychiatric inpatients display unhealthy eating habits which is likely both an effect of and a contributing factor to the various mental illnesses. Prospective interventional randomized controlled studies are necessary for clarification of cause-effect relationships.
Diagnostic value of chest CT in outpatient for COVID-19 compare with RT-PCR
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Zhu Meifen , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesThe pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus recently break out in Wuhan, China, and was named as COVID-19. With the spread of the disease, it bring numbers of casualties,so now we need a way could fast and accuracy diagnose the disease.This paper aims to compare two way for diagnose COVID-19 in outpatient :Chest CT and RT-PCR.Materials and methodsThe study picked 248 patients who treated in fever clinical of GanZhou people's hospital,their complete clinical and imaging data were analysed retrospectively.Epidemiological data,symoptoms,laboratory test results include RT-PCR and the CT results include CT features,lesion location,lesion distribution of suspected COVID-19 infected patients were gathered.ResultsAll of 248 patients,at last 20 patients confirmed COVID-19,15 patients were confirmed in outpatient.More than 200 cases has laboratory test results disnormal.Only 15/248 patients had initial positive RT-PCR for COVID-19,5 patients had COVID-19 confirmed by two or more RT-PCR.50 cases(20.2%) had Ground glass opacity,42 cases(16.9%) had Consolidation,39 cases(15.7%) had Spider web pattern,38 cases(15.3%) had Interlobular septal thickening.For lesion location,22 cases(8.9%) involved Single lobe of one lung,13 cases(5.2%) involved Multiple lobes of one lung,174 cases(70.2%) involved Multiple lobes of both lungs,9 cases(3.6%) involved Bilateral lower lungs,25 cases(10.1%) involved Bilateral middle and lower lungs.Regarding the distribution of the lesions in the lung lobes,119 cases(47.98%) involved Subpleural distribution,19 cases(7.7%) involved Diffuse distribution,7 cases(2.8%) involved Peribronchial distribution,81 cases(32.7%) involved Mixed distribution.ConclusionChest CT can be applied in outpatient to make early diagnosis with sensitivity and accuracy better than that of nucleic acid detection.Trial registrationChiCTR2000032574. Registered 3 May 2020. retrospectively registered
Efficient and Accurate Determination of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns in Arabidopsis with Enzymatic Methyl Sequencing.
Authors: Feng Suhua , Zhong Zhenhui , Wang Ming , Jacobsen Steven E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: 5’ methylation of cytosines in DNA molecules is an important epigenetic mark in eukaryotes. Bisulfite sequencing is the gold standard of DNA methylation detection, and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) has been widely used to detect methylation at single-nucleotide resolution on a genome-wide scale. However, sodium bisulfite is known to severely degrade DNA, which, in combination with biases introduced during PCR amplification, leads to unbalanced base representation in the final sequencing libraries. Enzymatic conversion of unmethylated cytosines to uracils can achieve the same end product for sequencing as does bisulfite treatment and does not affect the integrity of the DNA; enzymatic methylation sequencing may thus provide advantages over bisulfite sequencing.Results: Using an enzymatic methyl-seq (EM-seq) technique to selectively deaminate unmethylated cytosines to uracils, we generated and sequenced libraries based on different amounts of Arabidopsis input DNA and different numbers of PCR cycles, and compared these data to results from traditional whole genome bisulfite sequencing. We found that EM-seq libraries were more consistent between replicates and had higher mapping and lower duplication rates, lower background noise, higher average coverage, and higher coverage of total cytosines. Differential methylation region (DMR) analysis showed that WGBS tended to over-estimate methylation levels especially in CHG and CHH contexts, whereas EM-seq detected higher CG methylation levels in certain highly methylated areas. These phenomena can be mostly explained by a correlation of WGBS methylation estimation with GC content and methylated cytosine density. We used EM-seq to compare methylation between leaves and flowers, and found that CHG methylation level is greatly elevated in flowers, especially in pericentromeric regions. Conclusion: We suggest that EM-seq is a more accurate and reliable approach than WGBS to detect methylation. Compared to WGBS, the results of EM-seq are less affected by differences in library preparation conditions or by the skewed base composition in the converted DNA. It may therefore be more desirable to use EM-seq in methylation studies.
Responses of H. vulgare L. Seedlings to Basic Salt and Drought under Freeze-thaw Condition
Authors: Tang Wenyi , Bao Guozhang , Yan Bairu , Qu Yan , Guo Jiancai , Zhu Saning , Zhao Hongwei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known for characteristics of high altitude, low rainfall and varying temperature, and the crops in this area are susceptible to abiotic stresses such as drought, basic salt and freeze-thaw that caused damages in different perspectives such as the permeability of biological membrane, osmotic adjustment, and antioxidant enzyme system. Hordeum vulgare L. is an indispensable crop in plateau and plays an important role in agricultural ecosystem as well.Result In this experiment, H. vulgare L. was used as experimental material and the physiological characteristics soluble protein (SP) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity and relative water content (RWC) of seedlings were examined under freeze-thaw condition combined with drought and alkali stress.Conclusion Research results indicated that under the combined stresses of basic salt and drought, H. vulgare L. seedlings were damaged by lipid peroxidation, weakened superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, while enhanced osmotic adjustment ability in plants cell. It was suggested that, in agricultural management, the simultaneous occurrence of two stresses, basic salt and drought, should be avoided in the early stage of H. vulgare L. planting to reduce the physiological stress on plants.
Fuel beds variation of coastal tropical freshwater forested wetlands in three disturbance regimes at La Encrucijada, Biosphere Reserve, Mexico
Authors: Calderón Romeo de Jesús Barrios , Mata Dulce Infante , Garnica José Germán Flores , Velázquez Jony Ramiro Torres , Sánchez-Mejía Zulia Mayari , Méndez Susana Maza-Villalobos , Alvarado Claudia Monzón 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Tropical freshwater forested wetlands in coastal regions are rapidly disappearing, one of the causes is forest fires. This is caused by high accumulation of fuel beds that can vary in origin and type. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the fuel beds in tropical freshwater forested wetlands with three different level of disturbance at El Castaño, La Encrucijada Biosphere Reserve.Methods: Seventeen sampling units were used to described the strates of forest fuel beds (canopy, sub-canopy and understory) in both the vertical and horizontal stratum. Quantity and quality of dead (fallen woody material, surface litterfall and fermented litterfall) fuels were characterized using the planars intersections technique.Results: A total of eight tree species, two shrubs, five lianas and two herbaceous species were found in tropical freshwater forested wetlands. The vertical structure concentrates the highest proportion of trees between 2 and 12 m high, including the first two defined height classes. The horizontal structure denotes a higher percentage of trees with a normal diameter between 2.5 to 7.5 cm (61.4%) of the total. The sites none disturbance presented the highest arboreal density (2,686 ind. ha− 1), however the highest basal area was found in the sites with medium disturbance (39.41 m2 ha− 1). The richness and diversity of species shows that the Fisher, Margalef, Shannon and Simpson α indices were higher in the sites undisturbed, while the Berger-Parker index shows greater dominance in the sites high disturbance. Pachira aquatica Aubl. was the species with the highest importance value index, and contributes the most to the fuel beds. The average accumulation of dead fuel beds was higher in sites with high disturbance (222.18 ± 33.62 t ha− 1), with the largest accumulations of woody fuels occurring in the 1 h, 10 h and 1000 h classes, the latter in a state of fermentation.Conclusions: It’s important to consider the probability of occurrence of surface fires is high. In these tropical freshwater forested wetlands, independent of disturbance, underground fires have the same probability and the intensity will depend on the depth of the organic matter layer. This study contributes define fire-prone areas in these ecosystems. The results are of great importance to design fire prevention strategies.
Beneficial effect of successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation on plasma profile of metalloproteinases in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Chudek Jerzy , Kolonko Aureliusz , Ziaja Jacek , Francuz Tomasz , Kamińska Dorota , Owczarek Aleksander , Kuczera Piotr , Kujawa-Szewieczek Agata , Kusztal Mariusz , Kowalik Adrian , Bożek-Pająk Dominika , Kluz Joanna , Choręza Piotr , Król Robert , Krajewska Magdalena , Cierpka Lech , Więcek Andrzej 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
It is virtually unknown whether the restoring of normal glucose metabolism after successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) improves vascular wall morphology and function in type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients. This study has been aimed to compare arterial stiffness, assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) biomarkers of arterial wall calcification, and parameters of calcium-phosphate metabolism in T1D patients after SPK or kidney transplantation alone (KTA).
Methods
In 39 SPK and 39 KTA adult patients of similar age, PWV and IMT were measured at a median of 83 (62–109) months post-transplantation. Additionally, carotid plaques were visualized and semi-qualitatively classified. Circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), calcification biomarkers, and calcium-phosphate metabolism parameters were measured.
Results
Although PWV and IMT values were similar, the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques (51.3 vs. 70.3%, p < 0.01), turned to be lower, especially in case of calcified lesions (35.9 vs. 64.9%, p < 0.05) in patients after SPK. There were significantly lower concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and osteocalcin (OC) in SPK subjects. Among the analyzed biomarkers, only log MMP-1, log MMP-2 and log MMP-3 concentrations were associated with log HbA1c. In addition, both log MMP-1 and log MMP-3 were inversely related to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Multivariate stepwise backward regression analysis revealed that MMP-1 and MMP-3 variability were explained only by log HbA1c, whereas OC variability only by eGFR.
Conclusion
Normal glucose metabolism achieved by simultaneously transplanted pancreas in T1D renal transplant recipients is followed by the favorable profile of circulating matrix metalloproteinases, which may reflect the vasoprotective effect of SPK.
Hyperferritinemia in pediatric scrub typhus: A prospective observational study
Authors: Williams Vijai , Menon Nisha , Bhatia Prateek , Biswal Manisha , Sreedharanu Sreejesh , Jayashree Muralidharan , Nallasamy Karthi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hyperferritinemia is increasingly associated with mortality in sepsis. Studies estimating the prevalence of hyperferritinemia in pediatric scrub typhus is limited.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study from a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India where 72 children with confirmed scrub typhus;17(24%)-PCR positive, 68(94%)-IgM ELISA positive and 13(18%)-both PCR and ELISA positive. Serum ferritin was measured in 62 children to identify the prevalence of hyperferritinemia and determine its association with mortality. Results: Hyperferritinemia (>500µg/L) was seen in 72.6% [n=45] children; 26(42%) were mild (500-2000µg/L), 13(21%) were moderate (2000-10000µg/L) and 6(9.7%) were severe (>10000µg/L). A biphasic pattern of hyperferritinemia was seen with two peaks when plotted against duration since symptoms onset; one between 2 and 3 days (early onset hyperferritinemia) and second peak between 12 and14 days (late onset hyperferritinemia). Early onset hyperferritinemia had more survivors than late onset hyperferritinemia. Non survivors had significantly higher PRISM III, PELOD-2, hyperlactatemia, hypoalbuminemia, organ dysfunction, need for mechanical ventilation and need of RRT. Ferritin had poor sensitivity and specificity in predicting survival with AUC of 0.56. Organ dysfunction and risk scores as PRISM III, PELOD 2 and VIS at admission were better predictors with AUC(95%CI) of 0.72(0.56,0.89), 0.77(0.63,0.92) and 0.90(0.78,1.0) respectively.Conclusions: Hyperferritinemia is common in scrub typhus. A distinct biphasic response was observed with worse outcome in late onset hyperferritinemia. Organ dysfunction and risk scores were better predictors of mortality than ferritin.
Patterns of Coronal and Sagittal Deformities in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Mak Trixie , Cheung Prudence Wing Hang , Zhang Teng , Cheung Jason Pui Yin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Thoracic scoliosis has been shown to be associated with hypokyphosis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, the relationship of sagittal spino-pelvic parameters with different coronal curve patterns and their influence on patient-perceived quality of life is unknown. This study aims to determine the association between coronal and sagittal malalignment in patients with AIS and to determine their effects on SRS-22r scores. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1054 consecutive patients with AIS. The coronal Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), PI-LL mismatch (PI-LL), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS) were measured on standing radiographs. The coronal Cobb angle (mild: 10-20°; moderate: >20-40°; severe: >40°) and PI (low: <35°; average: 35-50°; high: >50°) were divided into 3 sub-groups for comparison. Relationship between coronal curve magnitudes and sagittal parameters was studied as was their association with SRS-22r scores. Results: Low PI had smaller SS (30.1±8.3° vs 44.8±7.7°; p<0.001), PT (-0.3±8.1° vs 14.4±7.5°; p<0.001), and LL (42.0±13.2° vs 55.1±10.6°; p<0.001), negative PI-LL mismatch (-12.1±13.1° vs 4.1±10.5°; p<0.001) as compared to large PI. There were no significant relationships with PI and TK (p=0.905) or curve magnitude (p=0.431). No differences in sagittal parameters were observed for mild, moderate or severe coronal Cobb angles. SRS-22r scores only correlated with coronal Cobb angle and larger Cobb angles were negatively correlated with the function, appearance and pain domains. Conclusions: The sagittal profile for AIS is associated with the pelvic parameters especially PI but not with the coronal curve pattern. All patients have a similar TK regardless of coronal curve type. However, it appears that the coronal deformity is a greater influence on quality of life outcomes especially those >40°.
Age Differences in the Relationships between Risk Factors and Loss of Kidney Function: a General Population Cohort Study
Authors: Toyama Tadashi , Kitagawa Kiyoki , Oshima Megumi , Kitajima Shinji , Hara Akinori , Iwata Yasunori , Sakai Norihiko , Miho Shimizu , Hashiba Atsushi , Furuichi Kengo , Wada Takashi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Annual decline in kidney function is a widely applied surrogate outcome of renal failure. It is important to understand the relationships between known risk factors and the annual decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to baseline age; however, these remain unclear.Methods: A community-based retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent annual medical examinations between 1999 and 2013 was conducted. The participants were stratified into different age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥80 years) to assess the risk for loss of kidney function. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between risk factors and annual changes in eGFR.Results: A total of 51,938 participants were included in the analysis. The age group of ≥80 years included 8,127 individuals. The mean annual change in eGFR was -0.39 (95% confidence interval -0.41 to -0.37) mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. Older age was related to faster loss of kidney function. In the older age group, higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and current smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function (p trend <0.01, 0.03, and <0.01, respectively). Conversely, each age group showed similar annual loss of kidney function related to lower hemoglobin levels and diabetes mellitus (p trend 0.47 and 0.17, respectively).Conclusions: Higher systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, and smoking were related to faster loss of kidney function, and greater effect size was observed in the older participants. More risk assessments for older people are required for personalized care.
Comparative genomics and transcriptomics analyses provide insights into the high yield and regulatory mechanism of Norvancomycin biosynthesis in Amycolatopsis orientalis NCPC 2-48
Authors: Li Xingxing , Zhang Cong , Zhao Ying , Lei Xuan , Jiang Zhibo , Zhang Xuexia , Zheng Zhihui , Si Shuyi , Wang Lifei , Hong Bin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Norvancomycin has been widely used in clinic to treat against MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and MRSE (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis) in China. Amycolatopsis orientalis NCPC 2–48, a high yield strain derived from A. orientalis CPCC 200066, has been applied in industrial large-scale production of norvancomycin by North China Pharmaceutical Group. However, the potential high-yield and regulatory mechanism involved in norvancomycin biosynthetic pathway has not yet been addressed.Results: Here we sequenced and compared the genomes and transcriptomes of A. orientalis CPCC 200066 and NCPC 2–48. These two genomes are extremely similar with an identity of more than 99.9%, and no duplication and structural variation was found in the norvancomycin biosynthetic gene cluster. Comparative transcriptomic analysis indicated that biosynthetic gene cluster of norvancomycin, as well as some primary metabolite pathways for the biosynthetic precursors of norvancomycin were generally upregulated. AoStrR1 and AoLuxR1, two cluster-situated regulatory genes in norvancomycin cluster, were 23.3-fold and 5.8-fold upregulated in the high yield strain at 48 h, respectively. Over-expression of AoStrR1 and AoLuxR1 in CPCC 200066 resulted in an increase of norvancomycin production, indicating their positive role in norvancomycin biosynthesis. Furthermore, AoStrR1 can regulate the production of norvancomycin by directly interacting with at least 8 promoters of norvancomycin biosynthetic genes or operons.Conclusion: Our results suggested that the mechanism of high yield of NCPC 2–48 can be ascribed to increased expression level of norvancomycin biosynthetic genes in its cluster as well as the genes responsible for the supply of its precursors. And the norvancomycin biosynthetic genes are positively regulated by AoStrR1 and AoLuxR1, of them AoStrR1 was the ultimate pathway-specific regulator for the norvancomycin production. These results are helpful for further clarification of the holistic and pathway-specific regulatory mechanism of norvancomycin biosynthesis in the industrial production strain.