bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioorthogonal Turn‐On BODIPY‐Peptide Photosensitizers for Tailored Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Linden Greta , Vázquez Olalla 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) leads to cancer remission via the production of cytotoxic species under photosensitizer (PS) irradiation. However, concomitant damage and dark toxicity can both hinder its use. With this in mind, we have implemented a versatile peptide‐based platform of bioorthogonally activatable BODIPY‐tetrazine PSs. Confocal microscopy and phototoxicity studies demonstrated that the incorporation of the PS, as a bifunctional module, into a peptide enabled spatial and conditional control of singlet oxygen (1O2) generation. Comparing subcellular distribution, PS confined in the cytoplasmic membrane achieved the highest toxicities (IC50=0.096±0.003 μm) after activation and without apparent dark toxicity. Our tunable approach will inspire novel probes towards smart PDT.
Efficient Deep Blue Platinum Acetylide Phosphors with Acyclic Diaminocarbene Ligands
Authors: Wu Yanyu , Wen Zhili , Wu Judy I‐Chia , Teets Thomas S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere we report five blue‐phosphorescent platinum bis‐phenylacetylide complexes with an investigation of their photophysical and electrochemical attributes. Three of the complexes (1–3) are of the general formula cis‐Pt(CNR)2(C≡CPh)2, in which CNR is a variably substituted isocyanide and C≡CPh is phenylacetylide. These isocyanide complexes serve as precursors for complexes of the general formula cis‐Pt(CNR)(ADC)(C≡CPh)2 (4 and 5), in which ADC is an acyclic diaminocarbene installed by amine nucleophilic addition to one of the isocyanides. All of the complexes exhibit deep blue phosphorescence with λmax ∼430 nm in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films. Whereas isocyanide complexes 1–3 exhibit modest photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL), incorporation of one acyclic diaminocarbene ligand results in a three‐fold to 16‐fold increase in ΦPL while still maintaining an identical deep blue color profile.
New Organometallic Ruthenium(II) Compounds Synergistically Show Cytotoxic, Antimetastatic and Antiangiogenic Activities for the Treatment of Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Jin Jiahui , Shu Liwei , Li Tongyu , Lu Siming , Subarkhan Mohamed Kasim Mohamed , Chen Chao , Wang Hangxiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, we newly designed and synthesized a small library of ten structurally related C,N‐cyclometalated ruthenium(II) complexes containing various pyridine‐functionalized NHC ligand and chelating bipyridyl ligands (e.g., 2,2′‐bipyridine, 5,5′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, and 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen)). The complexes were well characterized by NMR, electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry, and single‐crystal X‐ray structure analyses. Among the new ruthenium(II) derivatives, we identified that the complex Ru8 bearing bulky moieties (i.e., phen and pentamethyl benzene) had the most potent cytotoxicity against all tested cancer cell lines, generating dose‐ and cell line‐dependent IC50 values at the range of 3.3–15.0 μm. More significantly, Ru8 not only efficiently inhibited the metastasis process against invasion and migration of tumor cells but also exhibited potent antivascular effects by suppressing HUVEC cells migration and tube formation in vitro and blocking vessel generation in vivo (chicken chorioallantoic membrane model). In a metastatic A2780 tumor xenograft‐bearing mouse model, administration of Ru8 outperformed antimetastatic agent NAMI‐A and clinically approved cisplatin in terms of antitumor efficacy and inhibition of metastases to other organs. Overall, these data provided compelling evidence that the new cyclometalated ruthenium complex Ru8 is an attractive agent because of synergistically suppressing bulky tumors and metastasized tumor nudes. Therefore, the complex Ru8 deserves further investigations.
Nano‐hydroxyapatite (HAp) and hydroxyapatite/platinum (HAp/Pt) core shell nanorods: Development, structural study, and their catalytic activity
Authors: Murugesan Manoj , Krishnamurthy Venkatesan , Hebalkar Neha , Devanesan Mangalaraj , Nagamony Ponpandian , Palaniappan Meena , Krishnaswamy Swaminathan , Yuan Aihua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of a new kind of material that is a nanostructured catalytic material with an environmentally benign nature that can be used for alternative energy has acquired significance in recent years. In this context, the use of heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of vegetable oils has gained prominence due to their eco‐friendly and reusable nature. Hence in the present study, pure hydroxyapatite (HAp) and hydroxyapatite/platinum (HAp/Pt) nanostructured particles have been prepared successfully through a facile chemical method without templates and surfactants and their catalytic activity investigated for transesterification of natural vegetable oil to bioenergy (biodiesel). The textural and structural features of pure HAp and HAp/Pt were investigated using various characterization techniques such as x‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The elements present in the prepared nanostructures were confirmed through energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The XPS analysis also confirms the metallic nature of the platinum in HAp/Pt. The specific surface area and porous nature of the prepared nanostructured catalysts were studied using the N2physisorption Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller‐Barrett‐Joyner‐Halenda (BET‐BJH) method. The catalytic activity of the pure HAp nanoparticles and HAp/Pt core shell nanorods with theSimarouba glaucaplant seed oil was investigated. The obtained results indicate that the pristine HAp nanoparticles and HAp/Pt core shell nanorods (NRs) show 91.4% and 87.1% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion, respectively, potentially offering environmental benign biocatalysts for biofuel production from natural feed stock.
Early posttherapy clearance of human papillomavirus and treatment response in cervical carcinoma
Authors: Srivastava Amar J. , Contreras Jessika A. , Davis Melanie , Markovina Stephanie T. , Schwarz Julie K. , Grigsby Perry W. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundAmong patients with cervical cancer, little is known about the significance of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) expression after chemoradiation (CRT). This study evaluated associations between early posttreatment HPV clearance and patient outcomes with an added focus on the value of posttherapy positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.MethodsIncluded patients underwent pretreatment testing indicating a high‐risk HPV infection and posttreatment testing with a messenger RNA (mRNA)–based genital swab after CRT. Posttherapy responses were stratified on the basis of HPV mRNA detection into an early clearance (EC) group (no mRNA) and a persistent expression (PE) group (detectable mRNA) on the basis of an evaluation at a median of 6 weeks after therapy. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to compare outcomes, and multivariable analysis was used to identify predictors of outcomes.ResultsSeventy‐two of the 97 eligible patients (74.2%) had EC. The mean follow‐up time was 25 months (range, 4‐56 months), and 2‐year pelvic control (76.9% vs 50.2%; P = .01) and overall survival (OS; 80.9% vs 52.2%; P < .01) were superior among EC patients. In the multivariable analysis, EC predicted for improved survival (hazard ratio [HR] for mortality, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21‐0.96; P = .047), as did a complete response (CR) on posttherapy PET (HR for less than a CR on PET, 6.17; 95% CI, 2.58‐14.72; P < .01). In a subset analysis of patients with a posttherapy PET CR, HPV clearance retained prognostic significance (2‐year OS, 95.6% with EC vs 66.7% with PE; P = .04), whereas PE patients without a PET CR had the worst survival (35.9%; P < .01 for trend).ConclusionsEarly posttherapy clearance of HPV is associated with improved survival in cervical cancer. Evaluating HPV expression at this 6‐week time point provides prognostic information beyond posttherapy PET imaging and may aid in risk stratification and decisions for treatment escalation.
Effects of a mindfulness‐based intervention on cancer‐related cognitive impairment: Results of a randomized controlled functional magnetic resonance imaging pilot study
Authors: Van der Gucht Katleen , Ahmadoun Soumaya , Melis Michelle , de Cloe Ellen , Sleurs Charlotte , Radwan Ahmed , Blommaert Jeroen , Takano Keisuke , Vandenbulcke Mathieu , Wildiers Hans , Neven Patrick , Kuppens Peter , Raes Filip , Smeets Ann , Sunaert Stefan , Deprez Sabine 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundMany breast cancer survivors suffer from cognitive complaints after cancer treatment, affecting their quality of life. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of a blended‐care mindfulness‐based intervention (MBI) on chemotherapy‐related cognitive impairment and functional brain changes. Furthermore, correlations between changes in cognitive functioning and self‐reported behavioral factors were investigated.MethodsBreast cancer survivors (n = 33) who reported cognitive impairment were randomly allocated to a mindfulness condition (n = 18) or a waitlist control condition (n = 15). Patients completed questionnaires on cognitive impairment, emotional distress, and fatigue; neuropsychological tests; and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging before the start of MBI (time 1 [T1]), immediately after the completion of an 8‐week MBI program (T2), and 3 months postintervention (T3). Resting‐state functional connectivity was estimated in the default mode network, the dorsal and salience attention networks, and the frontoparietal network. Mixed model repeated‐measures analysis was performed to test the intervention effect.ResultsPatients in the mindfulness condition exhibited significantly higher connectivity between the dorsal and salience attention networks after the mindfulness intervention compared with those in the control condition. MBI participants also had reduced subjective cognitive impairment, emotional distress, and fatigue. No intervention effect was observed on neurocognitive tests.ConclusionsMBI may induce functional brain changes in networks related to attention and may have a positive effect on subjective measures of cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors. Therefore, MBI could be a suitable intervention to improve quality of life in this population and deserves further study in this context.
Basic quantitative morphological methods applied to the central nervous system
Authors: Slomianka Lutz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGenerating numbers has become an almost inevitable task associated with studies of the morphology of the nervous system. Numbers serve a desire for clarity and objectivity in the presentation of results and are a prerequisite for the statistical evaluation of experimental outcomes. Clarity, objectivity, and statistics make demands on the quality of the numbers that are not met by many methods. This review provides a refresher of problems associated with generating numbers that describe the nervous system in terms of the volumes, surfaces, lengths, and numbers of its components. An important aim is to provide comprehensible descriptions of the methods that address these problems. Collectively known as design‐based stereology, these methods share two features critical to their application. First, they are firmly based in mathematics and its proofs. Second and critically underemphasized, an understanding of their mathematical background is not necessary for their informed and productive application. Understanding and applying estimators of volume, surface, length or number does not require more of an organizational mastermind than an immunohistochemical protocol. And when it comes to calculations, square roots are the gravest challenges to overcome. Sampling strategies that are combined with stereological probes are efficient and allow a rational assessment if the numbers that have been generated are “good enough.” Much may be unfamiliar, but very little is difficult. These methods can no longer be scapegoats for discrepant results but faithfully produce numbers on the material that is assessed. They also faithfully reflect problems that associated with the histological material and the anatomically informed decisions needed to generate numbers that are not only valid in theory. It is within reach to generate practically useful numbers that must integrate with qualitative knowledge to understand the function of neural systems.
Atomic‐Scale Studies of Fe3O4(001) and TiO2(110) Surfaces Following Immersion in CO2‐Acidified Water
Authors: Mirabella Francesca , Balajka Jan , Pavelec Jiri , Göbel Markus , Kraushofer Florian , Schmid Michael , Parkinson Gareth S. , Diebold Ulrike 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDifficulties associated with the integration of liquids into a UHV environment make surface‐science style studies of mineral dissolution particularly challenging. Recently, we developed a novel experimental setup for the UHV‐compatible dosing of ultrapure liquid water and studied its interaction with TiO2 and Fe3O4 surfaces. Herein, we describe a simple approach to vary the pH through the partial pressure of CO2 (
) in the surrounding vacuum chamber and use this to study how these surfaces react to an acidic solution. The TiO2(110) surface is unaffected by the acidic solution, except for a small amount of carbonaceous contamination. The Fe3O4(001)‐(
×
)R45° surface begins to dissolve at a pH 4.0–3.9 (
=0.8–1 bar) and, although it is significantly roughened, the atomic‐scale structure of the Fe3O4(001) surface layer remains visible in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that the surface is chemically reduced and contains a significant accumulation of bicarbonate (HCO3−) species. These observations are consistent with Fe(II) being extracted by bicarbonate ions, leading to dissolved iron bicarbonate complexes (Fe(HCO3)2), which precipitate onto the surface when the water evaporates.
Human Bocavirus 1 Infection of Well‐Differentiated Human Airway Epithelium
Authors: Yan Ziying , Deng Xuefeng , Qiu Jianming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a small DNA virus that belongs to the Bocaparvovirus genus of the Parvoviridae family. HBoV1 is a common respiratory pathogen that causes mild to life‐threatening acute respiratory tract infections in children and immunocompromised individuals, infecting both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. HBoV1 infection causes death of airway epithelial cells, resulting in airway injury and inflammation. In vitro, HBoV1 only infects well‐differentiated (polarized) human airway epithelium cultured at an air‐liquid interface (HAE‐ALI), but not any dividing human cells. A full‐length HBoV1 genome of 5543 nucleotides has been cloned from DNA extracted from a human nasopharyngeal swab into a plasmid called HBoV1 infectious clone pIHBoV1. Transfection of pIHBoV1 replicates efficiently in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells and produces virions that are highly infectious. This article describes protocols for production of HBoV1 in HEK293 cells, generation of HAE‐ALI cultures, and infection with HBoV1 in HAE‐ALI. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Human bocavirus 1 production in HEK293 cellsSupport Protocol 1: HEK293 cell culture and transfectionSupport Protocol 2: Quantification of human bocavirus 1 using real‐time quantitative PCRBasic Protocol 2: Differentiation of human airway cells at an air‐liquid interfaceSupport Protocol 3: Expansion of human airway epithelial cell line CuFi‐8Support Protocol 4: Expansion of human airway basal cellsSupport Protocol 5: Coating of plastic dishes and permeable membranes of insertsSupport Protocol 6: Transepithelial electrical resistance measurementBasic Protocol 3: Human bocavirus 1 infection in human airway epithelium cultured at an air‐liquid interfaceSupport Protocol 7: Isolation of infected human airway epithelium cells from insertsBasic Protocol 4: Transduction of airway basal cells with lentiviral vector
Luminescent Thermometers: From a Library of Europium(III) β‐Diketonates to a General Model for Predicting the Thermometric Behaviour of Europium‐Based Coordination Systems
Authors: Carlotto Alice , Babetto Luca , Carlotto Silvia , Miozzi Massimo , Seraglia Roberta , Casarin Maurizio , Bottaro Gregorio , Rancan Marzio , Armelao Lidia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new model with the aim to predict the temperature dependence of europium emission in coordination systems is presented. The model has been developed from a library of Eu3+ complexes of general formula EuL3A2, where L is a β‐diketone, and A is an ancillary ligand. Three possible deactivation channels have been considered: two competitive metal‐related terms describing the primary deactivation channels, i. e. back energy transfer and multiphonon quenching, and a third ligand‐related term to describe non‐radiative deactivation of the antenna triplet. As many parameters as possible are taken from measurable chemical‐physical properties, such as ligand triplet and multiphonon quenching energies. The other parameters have been deduced from selected EuL3A2 compounds and used as one‐size‐fits‐all values. The model proved to be very effective in describing the interplay between back energy transfer and multiphonon deactivation channels. Finally, the model has been implemented in a freeware standalone MATLAB application. Users need to input only the energy of the sensitizer triplet level and choose the coordinated quencher, if present. It simulates the range of applicability of the molecular thermometers and the shape of the thermometric sensitivity curve Sr employing as thermometric parameter either emission intensity or lifetime.
Effects of thoracic nerve block on perioperative lung injury, immune function, and recovery after thoracic surgery
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cong Xuhui , Zhang Liyuan , Sun Mingyang , Li Bing , Geng Hongfang , Gu Jianqin , Zhang Jiaqiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effects of thoracic nerve block on perioperative lung injury, immune function, and recovery after thoracic surgeryMethodsA total of 120 patients with lung cancer were randomly allocated into three groups: general anesthesia group (GAL group), thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) combined with general anesthesia (TPL group), and TPVB (with paravertebral dexmedetomidine) combined with general anesthesia group (TDL group); 120 patients with esophageal cancer were randomly allocated into three groups: general anesthesia group (GAE group), TPVB combined with general anesthesia group (TPE group), and thoracic epidural block combined with general anesthesia group (TEE group). Lung injury and immune function were evaluated. Hemodynamic changes, early recovery in post‐anesthesia care unit, pain, 6‐min walking test (6MWT), drug consumption, and life quality were also observed. The duration in the PACU of patients was retrospectively analyzed. The effect of dexmedetomidine on lung injury was established in vitro.ResultsThe lung injury, including injury scores, apoptosis, and inflammation, were decreased in the TDL group compared with the GAL group and TPL group. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells at the end of surgery was higher in the TPE group than in the GAE group. More stable hemodynamic was found in TPL group and TPE group. Acute pain was alleviated and the 6MWT was enhanced by TPVB with or without dexmedetomidine. Anesthetic consumption was decreased by thoracic nerve block.ConclusionsThoracic nerve block, especially TPVB with or without paravertebral dexmedetomidine, can enhance recovery after thoracic surgery. Protection against independent lung injury and cellular immune dysfunction may be a potential mechanism.
Helium plasma dermal resurfacing: Consensus guidelines
Authors: Holcomb John David , Duncan Diane , Lin Michael , McCoy J. D. , Gentile Richard , Zimmerman Edward , Lacerna Melinda , Ruff Paul G. , DeLozier Joseph B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionNine experienced physician users of a novel helium plasma dermal resurfacing device for heating the skin at a controlled depth to achieve collagen coagulation, tissue contraction, and neocollagenesis convened to discuss their experiences and keys to success with their off‐label use of this device with collectively more than 800 cases performed for facial skin renewal procedures.MethodsA round table discussion format was used to address a variety of topics including pretreatment considerations, optimum treatment parameters, posttreatment healing regimen, and avoidance and management of side effects and complications. All panelists consented to data collection, analysis, compilation, and publication.ResultsIdeal candidates for the procedure were identified along with optimum treatment parameters and posttreatment care. Strategies for avoidance and management of complications and side effects were discussed.ConclusionsConsensus guidelines were developed for patient selection, pretreatment considerations, treatment parameters, posttreatment healing regimen, and avoidance and management of complications and side effects.
Temporal stability of grassland metacommunities is regulated more by community functional traits than species diversity
Authors: Polley H. Wayne , Yang Chenghai , Wilsey Brian J. , Fay Philip A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTemporal stability in aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) is influenced by several attributes of plant communities. Identifying the primary regulators of stability and their roles across spatial scales is of both practical and theoretical importance. We assessed effects of species diversity (local or alpha diversity and species dissimilarity between local communities) together with spatial differences in two community functional attributes (mean aboveground biomass and community leaf dry matter content, LDMC) on temporal stability in spring ANPP of restored grassland. Biomass, community LDMC, and species dissimilarity were derived from remote measurements of canopy reflectance of grassland on two soil types. Results demonstrated that productivity at the larger spatial scale of the metacommunity (communities connected by dispersal) was stabilized more by spatial differences in community functional traits than by diversity or community differences in diversity. Spatial differences in community biomass and LDMC stabilized metacommunity productivity by increasing differences in the productivity responses of spatially distinct communities to interannual variation in precipitation, but de‐stabilized ANPP on one soil type by reducing the temporal stability of local communities. Our results demonstrate the utility of remote sensing for quantifying community attributes useful to assess or predict temporal stability of grassland ANPP. We conclude that temporal stability in productivity depended largely on community differences in functional attributes that couple plant growth to changes in resource availability.