bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a virus-induced gene silencing system and functional elucidation of MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruits
Authors: liu juhua , Li Meng , Zhang Jing , Miao Hongxia , Wang Jingyi , Jia Caihong , Zhang Jianbin , Wang Zhuo , Xu Biyu , Jin Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Banana is a typical starch conversion fruit, and fruit ripening involves a process of fruit quality formation. To improve the nutritional value of banana, it is necessary to understand the genetic basis of the metabolic pathways that operate during fruit ripening processes. MaBAM9b is a key enzyme gene that might play an important role in starch degradation during the banana fruit ripening process. The identification of gene function by stable genetic transformation is time- and energy-consuming. Thus, developing an efficient and rapid method for functional identification is imperative. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) is a reverse-genetics method based on RNA-mediated antiviral plant defense that has been used to rapidly identify gene function in plants. Results: In this report, 0.5% iodine-potassium-iodide (I2-KI) staining for 150 s determined that a 1:3 ratio of TRV1: TRV2-MaBAM9b cultivated at an optical density of 600 nm (OD600) 0.8 at 30 mmHg for 30 sec and kept on Murashige & Skoog (MS) media for 5 d produced the best silencing results. Under these conditions, the total starch content was greatly increased, while the β-amylase activity, soluble sugar contents, and the expression of endogenous MaBAM9b were greatly decreased. Conclusions: The developed system is particularly useful for studying genes and networks for starch conversion in fruit, which alone would not produce a visual phenotype. This system will provide a platform for banana functional genomics and for banana fruit quality improvement.
Association between dietary intake in each trimester during pregnancy and postpartum depression and hypochondriasis
Authors: Kutenaee Maryam Azizi , Taghavi Seyed-Abdolvahab , Asemi Zatollah , Dadkhahtehrani Tahmineh , Bazarganipour Fatemeh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to assess pregnant mothers' nutritional supply in each trimester and psychological status in postpartum with an emphasis on post pregnancy depression disorder and hypochondriasis.Methods: This was a three-year prospective cohort study that 1319 pregnant women referred to rural health centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran were enrolled. The data were collected using a checklist including socioeconomic and fertility characterize, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for measurement of dietary intake, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to diagnose postpartum depression (PPD), Evans hypochondriasis questionnaire was used to diagnose hypochondriasis.Results: The finding showed that prevalence of PPD and hypochondriasis were 91(6.8%) and 553(42%), respectively. The results showed that intake of iron, selenium, iodine, folate, vitamin C, B12, EPA in all trimesters and intake of vitamin c in second trimester was significantly associated with PPD (P<0.05); as intake of those micronutrients was significantly lower in women with PPD rather than women without that. Moreover, our finding showed that intake of iron, iodine, folate, selenium, EPA in all trimesters was significantly associated with hypochondriasis (P<0.05); as intake of those micronutrients was significantly lower in women with hypochondriasis rather than women without that.Conclusions: Considering the pregnancy and lactation are major nutritional stressors to body and our finding in relation between poor nutrition intake of iron, iodine, folate, selenium, EPA, vitamin C and mood disorders (PPD and hypochondriasis), greeter attention to nutritional factors in psychological status during postpartum is warranted.
SNORA42 Promote Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Development Through Interacting With Dhx9
Authors: Shan Yanan , Wei Sisi , Xiang Xiaohao , Dai Suli , Cui Wenxuan , Zhao Riyang , Zhang Cong , Zhang Weimin , Zhao Lianmei , Shan Baoen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a high malignant cancer, which is the most common subtype of oesophageal cancer. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a group of novel non-coding RNAs that have been found play a key role in various cancers. Methods:The expression of SNORA42 in ESCC samples and cell lines was measured by using real-time PCR and a series of in vitro and in vivo assays were performed to determine the function of SNORA42 in ESCC. Furthermore, RNA pull-down assay combined with Mass Spectrometry was applied to identify the protein that is associated with SNORA42. Silencing SNORA42 in ESCC cell followed by Next-Generation mRNA Sequencing was used to investigate the signaling pathway regulated by SNORA42.Results: We identified H/ACA box snoRNA42 (SNORA42) wasupregulated in ESCC and had the potential to be applied as a prognostic marker. Specifically, overexpression of SNORA42 promotedESCCprogressionin vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of SNORA42 had opposite effects. We identified SNORA42 interacted with DHX9, which was up-regulated in ESCC and had a positive correlation with the expression of SNORA42. Furthermore, the promotion of SNORA42 on ESCC phenotypes can be reversed by knockdown of DHX9. Mechanically, SNORA42 promoted DHX9 expression by attenuating DHX9 transports into cytoplasm, to protect DHX9 from being ubiquitinated and degraded. From KEGG analysis of Next-Generation Sequencing, the NF-κB pathway was one of the most regulated pathways by SNORA42. SNORA42 enhanced phosphorylation of p65 and this effect could be reversed by NF-κB inhibitor, BAY11-7082. Moreover, SNORA42 activated NF-κB signaling through promotingthe transcriptional co-activator DHX9 interacted with p-p65, inducingNF-κB downstream genes expression. Conclusions:These findings suggest that SNORA42 is up-regulated in ESCC and promotes ESCC developments,partly via interacting with DHX9 and triggering SNORA42/DHX9/p65 axis.
Safety and efficacy of fentanyl combined with midazolam in bronchoscopy under bispectral index-guided conscious sedation
Authors: He Qian , Zhang Sujuan , Zhou Jun , Xu Xiong , Xu Qianqian , Qiu Hui , Guan Suhong , Han Ying , Dai Pei , Zhang Qiudi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Sedation combined with local anesthesia during bronchoscopy is widely accepted in America and Europe, and receiving great attention in China. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of fentanyl combined with midazolam for bispectral index (BIS) titrated conscious sedation during bronchoscopy in the Chinese population. Methods: Data from 436 patients who underwent bronchoscopy under local anesthesia (LA group) or BIS-guided conscious sedation combined with local anesthesia (FM group) were retrospectively analyzed. The analysis included vital signs, adverse events recorded during the procedure, and questionnaire information, such as patient tolerance and satisfaction, operator satisfaction, and the cough score noted after the procedure. Results: A total of 225 patients in the LA group, and 211 in the FM group were enrolled in the study. The blood pressure and oxygen saturation were significantly higher in the LA group than in the FM group during bronchoscopy (P<0.001). The heart rate was significantly faster in the LA group at T3max, T3min and T4 than in the FM group. The incidence of hypoxia and bradycardia was higher in the FM group than in the LA group, whereas incidence of hypertension and tachycardia was lower. Patient satisfaction and tolerance of the procedure were significantly better in the FM group. visual analog scale (VAS) scores for cough and operator satisfaction were better in the FM group than in the LA group. Sub-group analysis (inspection, biopsy and transbronchial biopsy guided by radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS-TBB)) indicated that the vital signs, adverse event(hypoxia) and patient satisfaction of the two groups were similar to the previous results. However, the VAS scores for operators’ satisfaction was no significant difference between the two groups in patients undergoing inspection. Conclusions: The conscious sedation regimen of fentanyl combined with midazolam monitored by BIS during bronchoscopy is safe and effective. Although the incidence of hypoxia and bradycardia was higher, the patient’s tolerance and physician’s satisfaction were significantly improved, especially during lengthy procedures, such as intrabronchial biopsy and transbronchial biopsy guided by radial endobronchial ultrasound. Trial registration: The study was approved by the ethics committee of Changzhou first people's Hospital (2019-020). Key words: bronchoscopy, bispectral index, conscious sedation, midazolam, fentanyl.
Systemic Inflammatory Cytokines Associate With SARS-COV-2 Viral Shedding Time in Covid-19 Inpatients
Authors: Shi Jing , Cheng Chongsheng , Yu Muqing , Li Xiaochen , Wang Ke , Tao Yu , Zhou Ying , Zhou Min , Xu Shuyun , Qin Lu , Yang Zhenyu , Zhang Cong , Yue Junqing , Liu Xiansheng , Renz Harald , Xie Min 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as an infectious disease with cytokine storm, has become an emerging global challenge. To assess the duration of SARS-COV-2 viral shedding and associated risk factors in COVID-19 patients.Methods: COVID-19 patients with interleukin (IL)-1b, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α cytokines data consecutively admitted to Tongji Hospital from January 27, 2020 through February 5, 2020 were enrolled and been followed up until March 24, 2020. We utilized Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to assess the duration of viral shedding and risk factors affecting virus clearance.Results: 246 inpatients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled. The median duration of viral shedding was 24 days, ranging from 6 to 63 days. Age, severity of COVID-19, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, ferritin and sIL-2R were associated with duration of viral shedding. Administration of lopinavir-ritonavir, arbidol, oseltamivir and intravenous immunoglobulin did not shorten viral shedding time. Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that sIL-2R, LDH and severity of COVID-19 were independent factors associated with duration of viral shedding. At stratified analysis, the viral shedding time was positively correlated with age, sIL-2R and LDH in non-corticosteroid subgroup, while negatively correlated with lymphocyte count in corticosteroid group. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that elevated sIL-2R, increased LDH and severe status were related to prolongation of viral shedding in COVID-19 inpatients. Further research is urgent to investigate the mechanism of immune reaction involved in the virus clearance process and aim to the optimal antiviral therapy.
lncRNA LUCAT1 acts as a potential biomarker and demonstrates malignant biological behaviors in gastric cancerlncRNA LUCAT1 acts as a potential biomarker and demonstrates malignant biological behaviors in gastric cancer
Authors: Teng YangYang , Yu HeJie , Ni LeYi , Lu GuangRong , Zhu YueSheng , Zhou LingLing , Zhang Jing , Xue ZhanXiong , Cai ZhenZhai , Xing Chao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Gastric cancer(GC) remains the fourth-leading malignancy worldwide and has a high mortality rate.Accumulating evidence reveals that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis and can be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. The current study sought to define the lncRNA LUCAT1 and verify its malignant biological behaviors in GC. We conducted bioinformatic analysis to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs between GC tissue and paracancerous tissue. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the National Center of Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out to verify LUCAT1 expression in both GC tissue and paracancerous tissue. Furthermore, the associations between LUCAT1 and clinical features were analyzed. In addition, the malignant behaviors of LUCAT1 in GC were investigated by knocking down LUCAT1 expression in the SGC7901 and AGS cell lines. The results indicated that LUCAT1 expression was obviously upregulated in GC samples compared with paracancerous tissue samples. Moreover, the expression pattern of LUCAT1 showed close correlations with tumor diameter (P<0.001), differentiation grade (P=0.026), and lymphnode metastasis(LNM)status (P=0. 020). In vitro, shRNA-mediated knockdown of LUCAT1 expression inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion and led to S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosisin GC cells. Thus, the lncRNA LUCAT1 may be used as a potential biomarker for early signs of LNM in GC and may play a crucial role in the development of GC.
Role of pulmonary circulation assessment in CT imaging in evaluating the severity and tendency of severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Hu Qiongjie , liu Yiwen , Pan Yueying , Sun Ziyan , Xiang Min , li Kaiyan , Xia Liming , Zhang huilan , Guan Hanxiong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of changes of pulmonary circulation in CT imaging in evaluating the severity and tendency of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 99 severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia patients including the 47 improved cases and 52 dead cases. Demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, and CT imaging features including the diameters of pulmonary vein (PV), pulmonary artery (PA) and ascending aorta were collected and assessed.Results: The PV diameters of the deceased patients were larger than recovered patients in the severe phase. Compared with the severe phase in the improvement group, the diameters of the pulmonary veins during the improved phase were smaller, and the total CT scores were significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Instead, there was no significant difference in the ratio of main PA to aorta diameter between the recovered group and the deceased group, nor did the self control of the recovered group and the deceased group (p > 0.05). Construction of a ROC curve yielded an optimal cut-off value of the PV diameters for prediction of survival (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The changes of the PV diameters might indirectly reflect the activity of pulmonary inflammation and cardiac insufficiency. Pulmonary manifestations of severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia might be related to myocardial injury and cardiac insufficiency, expecially accompanied by dilated PVs. Evaluation of changes in pulmonary circulation by chest CT images may be considered as a useful tool for determining the severity, fatal outcome and tendency of COVID-19.Key words: COVID-19, pneumonia, pulmonary circulation, Computed Tomography
Clinical case of factitious hypoglycemia
Authors: Yukina M. Yu. , Nuralieva N. F. , Troshina E. A. , Ioutsi V. A. 
Published: May 2020

Hypoglycemic syndrome (HGS) is a significant decrease glucose in blood, manifested by neurological symptoms, and stopped by the introduction of glucose. Among the many causes of HGS the special place is taken by the factitious hypoglycemia, as one of the variants of Munchausen syndrome. Hypoglycemia in such cases is achieved by the intentional introduction of hypoglycemic drugs. The most commonly used medications are sulfonylurea derivatives, which are affordable, inexpensive and legal. The close collaboration of clinicians with the laboratory service plays a key role in the diagnosis of factitious hypoglycemia. Since the results of biochemical and hormonal analyzes in patients with hypoglycemia due to reception of oral hypoglycemic medications and pancreatogenous HGS are identical, the only way to differentiate these conditions is by detection of insulin secretagogue substances in the blood (or urine).The determination of oral hypoglycemic medications in cases of suspicion of artificial reception is not implemented in Russia. Factitious hypoglycemia in most cases is the diagnosis of exclusion, and its confirmation if often based on detection of medications among the personal effects of patient. This is a significant difficulty given the ethical standards. However, since 2018 we conduct in our Centre the determination of 7 oral hypoglycemic medications (glibenclamide, gliquidone, gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide, nateglinide and repaglinide) in patient’s blood using the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This article presents a clinical case of a patient without diabetes mellitus taking glibenclamide and detection of this drug using highly selective LC-MS.
“Hepatogenic diabetes” is an old term and new meaning
Authors: Kokovina Yu. , Pavlova E. Yu. , Antonova E. A. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Today, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly associated with the presence or risk of developing type 2 diabetes (D2). The term “hepatogenic diabetes”, proposed to refer to SD2 in patients with cirrhosis of the liver (CP), has acquired a new meaning, since this combination is of growing interest. The authors analyzed the current literature and summarized data on the pathogenesis, risk factors, and possible therapy of NAFLD.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of L-ornithine-L-aspartate (HEPA-Merz, Merz Pharma GmbH & Co) in combination with biguanides in the treatment of NAFLD patients in combination with D2.Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients aged 26 to 60 years with a verified diagnosis of NAFLD of varying degrees of activity in combination with D2. All patients were prescribed combination therapy with the drug HEPA-Merz (“Merz Pharma GmbH and Co”) at a dose of 3 grams 3 times a day in combination with biguanides. The examination was performed on the 1st, 28-th and 56-th days of treatment. In order to determine the effectiveness of therapy, we evaluated the dynamics of clinical symptoms (asthenovegetative, dyspeptic syndromes, pain syndrome in the ball system), biochemical parameters of liver function (changes in markers of cytolysis, cholestasis), lipidogram indicators, glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin, and ultrasound results of abdominal organs.Results. On day 56, asthenovegetative, dyspeptic and pain syndrome were stopped during therapy. Most patients showed a decrease in body weight from 3 to 5 kg. When evaluating changes in biochemical parameters on the 28-th day, the activity of ALT, AST, GGTP and glucose levels significantly decreased against the background of the therapy. On the 56th day of treatment, the activity of transaminases, bilirubin, GGTP and GFR in all patients were within the reference values.Conclusion. Understanding the multifactorial nature of NAFLD and the mechanisms of associated diseases, including D2, will allow us to assess the prognosis of the disease and prescribe adequate timely therapy. The effectiveness of the original ornithineaspartate (Merz Pharma GmbH & Co.) is manifested by a decrease in the processes of cytolysis of hepatocytes, normalization of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Start therapy of pain at gonarthrosis in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Krasivina I. G. , Dolgova L. N. , Dolgov N. V. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction.Among phenotypic variants of osteoarthritis (OA), a special place is occupied by OA with a comorbidity. A therapy of a pain in OA patients with the comorbid for diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) should be carried out with account for its effectiveness and safety.Objective.Perform comparative analysis of the clinical and laboratory characteristics of gonarthrosis and their therapeutic dynamics in moderate comorbid risk groups.Methods.The clinical and laboratory characteristics of gonarthrosis were studied in 386 women (mean age 61.3 ± 7.8 years), of which 162 ones had DM2. We evaluated several characteristics of the pain, which were summarized in the rating of pain (R_P). The level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood serum was determined. An analysis of 75 samples of a synovial fluid (SF) obtained by a puncture of knee joints (KJ) in patients with severe synovitis was performed. An open-label controlled short-term trial of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of diclofenac sodium in gonarthrosis was performed in 30 people in the euglycemic group and in the comorbid one according to DM2.Results.R_P for concomitant DM2 was 22.2% (p = 0.0001) lower than for isolated gonarthrosis, but the concentration of CRP in serum and SF did not differ between groups. The glucose level in the SF with concomitant DM2 was 46.6% (p = 0.0001) higher. NSAIDs were used according to the needs of more than 75% of patients, but women with concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2 used non-selective drugs 1.9 times (p = 0.008) more often. The efficacy and safety of the drug containing diclofenac sodium was comparable in the euglycemic group and in the concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2 group, but patients with comorbid DM2 achieved an effect of 23% less quantity NSAIDs.Conclusions.The use of drugs containing diclofenac sodium in 87% of patients provides an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect with the satisfactory tolerance and the low drug demand, including in patients comorbid for type 2 diabetes.
O compartilhamento das experiências vivenciadas na RPPN Ninho do Corvo, Prudentópolis/PR, no TripAdvisor e sua classificação nas esferas da Economia da Experiência
Authors: Schoab Viviane Aparecida , Lazanha Diego Araujo , Maganhotto Ronaldo Ferreira , Fernandes Diogo Lüders 
Published: May 2020

O turismo de aventura é um segmento da atividade turística que oferece aos consumidores produtos experienciais que tem a capacidade de estimular diversas das dimensões da esfera da economia da experiência. Muitas destas são relatadas nas redes e mídias sociais pelos usuários e influenciam a compra por produtos e serviços turísticos neste segmento. A RPPN do Ninho do Corvo, localizada no Município de Prudentópolis, é um destes empreendimentos que possuem relato dos visitantes quanto as atividades de esportes radicais oferecidos pelo estabelecimento. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar com base nos relatos dos usuários do Tripadvisor, quais as dimensões da esfera da economia da experiência são estimuladas pelas atividades na RPPN Ninho do Corvo em Prudentópolis. A pesquisa em questão se caracteriza por ser de natureza qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva e se utilizou da netnografia como técnica de coleta de dados e do programa de análise qualitativa MAXQA para auxiliar na apresentação e análise dos dados. Foi constato por meio do estudo que os relatos no site se referem principalmente as dimensões das experiencias de evasão, entretenimento e contemplação, vividas pelos visitantes na RPPN Ninho do Corvo.
Palavras-chave: Experiência. Rede Social. TripAdvisor. Turismo de Aventura. Prudentópolis.