bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“To die is better for me”, social suffering among Syrian refugees at a noncommunicable disease clinic in Jordan: a qualitative study
Authors: Ansbro Éimhín , Maconick Lucy , Ellithy Sara , Jobanputra Kiran , Tarawneh Mohammad , Roberts Bayard 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The conflict in Syria has required humanitarian agencies to implement primary-level services for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Jordan, given the high NCD burden amongst Syrian refugees; and to integrate mental health and psychosocial support into NCD services given their comorbidity and treatment interactions. However, no studies have explored the mental health needs of Syrian NCD patients. This paper aims to examine the interaction between physical and mental health of patients with NCDs at a Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) clinic in Irbid, Jordan, in the context of social suffering. Methods This qualitative study involved sixteen semi-structured interviews with Syrian refugee and Jordanian patients and two focus groups with Syrian refugees attending MSF’s NCD services in Irbid, and eighteen semi-structured interviews with MSF clinical, managerial and administrative staff. These were conducted by research staff in August 2017 in Irbid, Amman and via Skype. Thematic analysis was used.Results Respondents describe immense suffering and clearly perceived the interconnectedness of their physical wellbeing, mental health and social circumstances, in keeping with Kleinman’s theory of social suffering. There was a ‘disconnect’ between staff and patients’ perceptions of the potential role of the NCD and mental health service in alleviating this suffering. Possible explanations identified included respondent’s low expectations of the ability of the service to impact on the root causes of their suffering, normalisation of distress, the prevailing biomedical view of mental ill-health among national clinicians and patients, and humanitarian actors’ own cultural standpoints. Conclusion NCD patients recognised the psychological dimensions of their illness but may not utilize clinic-based humanitarian mental health and psychosocial support services. Humanitarian agencies must engage with NCD patients to elicit their needs and design culturally relevant services.
Identification of Determinant Factors for Car Accident Levels Occurred in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia: Ordered Logistic Regression Model Approach.
Authors: Meles Hagazi Gebre , Gebrehiwot Desta Brhanu , Tela Fireweini Gebrearegay , Wubet Gebretsadik Gebru , Gebregergis Teodros 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : The car accident injury level is known to be a result of a complex interaction of factors to drivers’ behavior, vehicle characteristics and environmental condition. Therefore it is obvious that identifying the contribution of the factors to the accident injury is very critical. The objective of study was to perform descriptive analysis to see the characteristics of car accident, to assess the prevalence and determinants of road safety practices in Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods : A random sample of data was extracted from traffic police office from September 2014- July 2017. An ordered logistic regression model was used to examine factors that worsen the car accident level. Result : A total sample of 385 car accidents were considered in the study of which 56.7% were fatal, 28.6% serious and 14.7% slight injury. The model estimation result showed that, being experienced drivers (Coef. = 0.686; p-value< = 0.050) were found to increase the level of injury. On the other hand, being private vehicle (Coef. = -1.160; p-value <= 0.010), the type of accident of vehicle with pedestrian (Coef. = -2.852; p-value <= 0.010), being heavy truck (Coef. = -0.656; p-value <= 0.050), being a cross country buss (Coef. = -0.889; p-value <= 0.050) and being owner of vehicle is the driver himself (Coef. = -.690, p-value <= 0.050) were found to decrease the level of car accident injury severity. Therefore, it is better to create continued awareness to those who are experienced drivers, who carelessly follow the traffic rules. Special attention is required to government owned vehicle drivers, as they were found to increase the level of car accident injury through different short term trainings.
Gender gap in self-rated health: A cohort perspective
Authors: Gil-Lacruz Marta , Gil-Lacruz Ana Isabel , Aguilar-Palacio Isabel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The relation among gender differences and culture in self-rated health is not only bidirectional and static. In this sense, it is important to difference between effects of age and cohort. The aim of this study is analyzing gender gap differences in self-rated health from a generational perspective in order to explore health diversity from a multidisciplinary approach with policy implications. Methods: We used data drawn from the European Health Interview Survey for 8 Eastern European Countries and EUROSTAT from 2006 through 2009. We conducted multilevel analyses to understand individual and national health determinants of self-rated health by gender and if national differences remain after controlling from micro variables. In order to analyse the role of equity (Gini Quartile) and capacity to create richness (GDPpc Quartile) in gender differences, Oaxaca analyses were developed.Results: Self-rated health gender gap increases with age. Individual characteristics, such as educational level or smoking influence the citizens´ perceived health, with a stronger effect on women than on men. Both characteristics (endowment effects) and effects of individual characteristics (coefficient effects) on health are important to understand gender gaps among people from silent generation.Conclusions: Our research points out that random effects are greater for men than for women. Besides, random effects might be explained to certain extent by both indexes (Gini and GDPpc). The combined effects of gender, cohort and geographical differences on self-rated health have to be taken into account to figure out public health policies.
Opium Use Reporting Error in Case-Control Studies: Neighborhood Controls vs. Hospital Visitor Controls
Authors: MOHEBBI ELHAM , Rashidian Hamideh , Tahami Ahmad Naghibzadeh , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Rezainzadeh Abass , Marzban Maryam , Moradi Abdolvahab , Gholipour Mahin , Hadji Maryam , Kamangar Farin , Zendehdel Kazem 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background There are relatively scant data to determine whether hospital visitors could serve as a proper source of controls in substance abuse case-control studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate using neighborhood versus hospital visitor controls in reporting opium use.Methods We conducted two independent case-control studies of cancer in Iran. In the first study, we selected controls from neighborhoods of the patients. For the second one, we selected controls among hospital visitors. In the latter study, hospital visitors could be companions of the patients or others visiting the hospital for any reasons except disease treatment from non-oncology wards of referral hospitals. Opium use and cigarette smoking information were self-reported in both studies.Results A total of 616 of neighborhood controls and 414 of hospital visitor controls were analyzed. Regular opium use among men was significantly higher in hospital visitors than neighborhood controls (43.3% vs. 32.2%, P=0.03) while the prevalence of regular cigarette smokers was very similar in both control groups (46.3 vs. 47.2, P=0.87). After adjusting for potential confounders using logistic regression, the differences of opium use between the two control groups became more pronounced (Adjusted OR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.69).Conclusions Because of the similarity of reporting cigarette smoking among neighborhood controls but substantially lower reporting of opium use among them, we concluded that neighborhood controls underreported opium use-a sensitive question- and that their use biases the findings in case-control studies. Hospital visitor controls may be more appropriate than neighborhood controls for studies of banned substances.
Context-Aware Seeds for Read Mapping
Authors: Xin Hongyi , Shao Mingfu , Kingsford Carl 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Motivation: Most modern seed-and-extend NGS read mappers employ a seeding scheme that requires extracting t non-overlapping seeds in each read in order to find all valid mappings under an edit distance threshold of t . As t grows (such as in long reads with high error rate), this seeding scheme forces mappers to use more and shorter seeds, which increases the seed hits (seed frequencies) and therefore reduces the efficiency of mappers. Results: We propose a novel seeding framework, context-aware seeds (CAS). CAS guarantees finding all valid mappings but uses fewer (and longer) seeds, which reduces seed frequencies and increases efficiency of mappers. CAS achieves this improvement by attaching a confidence radius to each seed in the reference. We prove that all valid mappings can be found if the sum of confidence radii of seeds are greater than t . CAS generalizes the existing pigeonhole-principle-based seeding scheme in which this confidence radius is implicitly always 1. Moreover, we design an efficient algorithm that constructs the confidence radius database in linear time. We experiment CAS with E. coli genome and show that CAS reduces seed frequencies by up to 20.3% when compared with the state-of-the-art pigeonhole-principle-based seeding algorithm, the Optimal Seed Solver.
The Research on the Cognitive Status of Clinical Epidemiology and the Influence Factors of the Teaching Result of the Medical Postgraduates in a College
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Olajuyin Ayobami Matthew , Wang Xuemei , Zhang Xiaoju , Zhao Qiongrui , Liu Guangzhi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Backgroud To understand the cognitive status of clinical epidemiology of medical postgraduates, and find out the key factors influencing the clinical epidemiology teaching result through the analysis of factors that influence the teaching result, so as to provide the scientific basis for the establishment of measures to improve the teaching effect.Methods Selecting all the medical postgraduate of 2015 grade in a certain university located in Zhengzhou as investigation object, adopts the unified self-administration questionnaire to survey the cognitive status of clinical epidemiological situation of the postgraduates, and adopt the method of multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the factors that affect the learning effect.Results The medical postgraduates have a limited knowledge reserve of clinical epidemiology and a lack of the importance of this course, elder, female, Seven-year medical students, frequently preview before class, review after class, and often participate in class discussion have a positive effect on the learning effect.Conclusions Clinical epidemiology is a discipline that requires constant learning and practice. It is necessary to set up this course for medical postgraduates. The teaching of clinical epidemiology for postgraduate students should emphasize the importance of the conversion of the way to reflect, targeted teaching depends on the characteristics of each student should be implemented in the process of the course in order to better improve the teaching effectiveness of the course.
Data Service Trust Measurement in Cloud Environment
Authors: Shi Lin , Wang Zilong , Chen Ning , Chen Jie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Highly trusted issues will be one of the main obstacles to a new era of highly trusted cloud computing. In the cloud computing environment, because sensitive applications and user data are put into the cloud, they run in virtual machines in the data center. Among them, due to the existence of access vulnerability, virtualization vulnerability, web application vulnerability, etc., high trust issues arise from data control, identity authentication, lack of information and other related issues. The introduction of trust mechanisms can be very facilitate the solution of related issues, achieve highly trusted quantification, analysis, and modeling of cloud data centers, meet high trust requirements, and provide users with a highly trusted cloud computing environment. This article mainly studies the trust measure of data services in cloud environment. In this paper, the optimization scheme is verified through experiments, and the traditional big data processing scheme, the original Sahara and the optimization scheme are compared in six cases. Overall, the optimization scheme has a significant performance improvement. Compared with the default configuration of Sahara, the configuration of the new interface has increased the throughput in DFSIO by 120%. Using the design of the unified cache management service, Tachyon can reach 13 in specific situations. In the execution time of Sort workloads, the optimization scheme generally decreased by about 50% compared to the original Sahara, and the memory utilization increased from 80% to 96% in our experiments, but in the cache isolation and other areas need to be improved. The results are basically in line with expectations, which also confirms the rational thinking and value of this article on BDAaS performance research.
SISTEM PRIOTEKSI RADIASI : Analisis Terhadap Bidang Radiologi Rumah Sakit
Authors: Anwar Edi Daenuri 
Published: December 2019

Fisika kesehatan berkembang sangat pesat, hal tersebut merupakan tuntutan yang harus terpenuhi seiring dengan perkembangan kedokteran dan penyakit yang multi kompleks. Fisika menawarkan berbagai konsep untuk memudahkan, membantu dan menjawab permaslahan dalam bidang kedok- teran. Jawaban tersebut adalah munculnya berbagai alat seperti CT-Scan, general x-ray, dan lain-lain. Alat- alat tersebut disebut sebagai alat-lat radiologi yang berfungsi untuk perawatan (tera- pi), diagnosa dan pembunuhan penyakit tanpa melakukan oper- asi. Tetapi disamping kemudahan-kemudahan yang diberikan ternyata alat-alat tersebut juga memberikan efek negative bagi tubuh yang terkena paparan radiasi.General x-ray atu sering disebut sinar-x merupakan alat yang dimiliki banyak rumah sakit, kebanyakan untuk mendiag- nosa suatu penyakit. Untuk meminimalisir efek negative yang ditimbulkan maka perlu adanya system proteksi yang baik, se- hingga aman bagi pengguna,operator, dokter, pasien dan ma- syarakat pada umumnya.
ANALISIS LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) BIOLOGI KARYA MGMP SMP DI KOTA SEMARANG YANG DIGUNAKAN SISWA KELAS VII SEMESTER GASAL 2010 /2011
Authors: Nadlah Izzun 
Published: December 2019

<div class="Section1"><p>Pengalaman belajar dapat diperoleh siswa melalui se- rangkaian kegiatan dengan mengeksplorasi lingkungan melalui interaktif aktif dengan teman, lingkungan, dan nara sumber lain. Salah satu penunjang sarana pembelajaran yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengeksplorasi lingkun- gan sekitar adalah dengan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS). Pen- ingkatan aktivitas siswa sulit inyterjadi dengan sendirinya oleh karena itu peran guru sangat diperlukan untuk dapat menciptakan situasi belajar yang penuh dengan aktivitas siswa salah satunya menggunakan LKSFrekuensi peng- gunaan LKS yang cukup tinggi dalam setiap pembelajaran harus diimbangi dengan kualitas LKS yang tinggi juga. Umumnya siswa SMP di Kota Semarang. Adapun peneli- tian ini menggunakanmetode observasi dengan mengum- pulkan data untuk me untuk mendapatkan harga Deskrip- tif Prosentasendapatkan harga Deskriptif Prosentase (DP) pada kesesuaian isi LKS dengan KTSP dan jenjang soal mendapatkan indeks pengaktifan (IP)pada petunjul keg- iatan, gambar, atau diagram dan soal-soal latihan. Analisis data menunjukkan LKS 65%, berarti kategori sedang, indeks pengaktifan siswa pada petunjuk kegiatan sebesar 0,03 yang tergolong rendah, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. IP pada gambar atau diagram 1,37 yang ter- golong sedang, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. In- deks Pengaktifan pada soal-soal latihan 1,23 yang tergolong sedang, karena berada pada rentang 0,40 – 1,50. Soal ranah kognitif tidak proporsional, karena C1 lebih dominan yaitu 40,8% Soal ranah psikomotorik P2 0,43% dan P3 1,3% , se- dang jenjang yang lain tidak ditemukan. Soal ranah afektif tidak ditemukan hal ini dikarenakan sulitnya mengaplika- sikan muatan afektif ke dalam bentuk soal. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi konkrit.Bagi siswa dan guru agar lebih memperhatikan LKS yang digunakan. Demikian pulabagi pihak pengarang agar lebih memper- hatikan aspek-aspek yang mendukung kualitas LKS seper- ti kesesuaian isi LKS dengan kurikulum, tingkat pengakti- fan siswa dan jenjang soal-soal latihan baik kognitif, afektif maupun psikomotorik.</p></div>
PEMANFAATAN SOFTWARE MATLAB DALAM PEMBELAJARAN METODE NUMERIK POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR SIMULTAN
Authors: Muanalifah Ani 
Published: December 2019

Persoalan yang melibatkan model matematika banyak muncul dalam berbagai disiplin ilmu pengetahuan, seperti dalam bidang sika, kimia, ekonomi, atau pada persoalan rekayasa. Seringkali model matematika tersebut muncul dalam bentuk yang rumit yang terkadang tidak dapat di- selesaikan dengan rumus-rumus aljabar yang sudah baku. Permasalahan ini dapat diselesaikan dengan Mengguna- kan metode Numerik.Dalam pembelajaran metode Numerik khususnya pada pokok bahasan Sistem Persamaan Linear Simultan diperlukan perhitungan iterasi dengan menggunakan Komputer. Software yang digunakan untuk perhitungan Numerik salah satunya adalah MATLAB. Dengan peman- faatan software ini ternyata sangat membantu pemebelaja- ran metode numerik
PENGGUNAAN SOFTWARE MATRIX LABORATORY (MATLAB) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ALJABAR LINIER
Authors: Cahyono Budi 
Published: December 2019

Perkembangan dan kehadiran teknologi komputer telah memberikan kemudahan berbagai pihak untuk meng- gunakannya dalam bidang kehidupan, termasuk pendi- dikan, sebagai sarana penunjang pendidikan. Komputer semakin memberikan manfaat yang besar di dunia pen- didikan, khususnya dalam proses pembelajaran. Terdapat ratusan bahkan ribuan program aplikasi komputer atau perangkat lunak yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembe- lajaran matematika, khususnya Aljabar Linier. Salah satu perangkat lunak bantu yang dapat digunakan dalam pem- belajaran Aljabar linier yaitu Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). Program ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kecepatan, dan keakuratan dalam berbagai perhitungan dalam pembelajaran aljabar linier sehingga waktu yang di- perlukan untuk mengerjakan lebih esien dan hasil yang diperoleh lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan perhitungan yang dilakukan secara manual, selain itu juga dapat mem- visualisasikan grak dalam bentuk 2 dimensi maupun 3 dimensi, misalnya dalam penyelesaian Sistem Persamaan Linier sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemaha- man terhadap materi yang diberikan.
KONTRIBUSI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF UNTUK MEMBANTU MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PEMBIASAN CAHAYA PADA SISWA KELAS X SMA
Authors: Saputro, A. Sopyan, B. Subali E. Bambang 
Published: December 2019

Dalam mengajarkan pokok bahasan pembiasan cahaya, terdapat kendala yang mendasar di SMA Negeri 1 Mijen Demak, yaitu visualisasi tentang jalannya sinar pada peristiwa pembiasan. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika perlu dilakukan terobosan baru dalam menyajikan pokok bahasan ini, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran interaktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi media pembelajaran interaktif dengan macromedia flash profesional 8 terhadap peningkatkan pemahaman konsep pembiasan cahaya. Subyek dalam PTK ini adalah siswa kelas X-1 SMA Negeri 1 Mijen Demak Tahun 2008/2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif program macromedia flash professional 8 dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep pembiasan cahaya. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata adalah 63,07 dan ketuntasan klasikal 64,10 %. Setelah siklus II nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 74,10 dan ketuntasan klasikal menjadi 92,31 %.. Dari hasil uji t diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar 4,66 dan ttabel sebesar 1,68. Nilai thitung ttabel, berarti terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan untuk pemahaman siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II. Simpulan dari penelitian adalah media pembelajaran interaktif berkontribusi positif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa.
Evaluation of soft computing and regression-based techniques for the estimation of evaporation
Authors: Singh Aparajita , Singh R. M. , Kumar A. R. Senthil , Kumar Ashish , Hanwat Subodh , Tripathi V. K. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The estimation of evaporation in the field as well as the regional level is required for the efficient planning and management of water resources. In the present study, artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR)-based models were developed to estimate the pan evaporation on the basis of one day-lagged rainfall (Pt−1), one day-lagged relative humidity (RHt−1), current day maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin). These were selected as the most effective parameters on the basis of cross-correlation. The performance of models was evaluated using correlation coefficient (r), root-mean-square error (RMSE) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (coefficient of efficiency, CE) during calibration and validation periods. Based on the comparison, the ANN model (4-9-1), with sigmoid as activation function and Levenberg–Marquardt as a learning algorithm, was selected as the best performing model among all ANN models. The values of r, CE and RMSE for training and validation periods were found as 0.885, 0.785 and 1.00 mm/day and 0.889, 0.782 and 1.01 mm/day, respectively, through the ANN model (4-9-1). The values of r, CE and RMSE for training and validation periods were found as 0.835, 0.698 and 1.19 mm/day and 0.866, 0.750 and 1.15 mm/day, respectively, through the selected MLR model. Based on the sensitivity analysis, RHt−1 is selected as the most effective parameter followed by Pt−1, Tmax and Tmin. The developed model can be utilized as an alternative for the estimation of the evaporation at the regional level with limited input data.