bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Addition The Activated Charcoals and pH Adjustment in The Treatment of Lignocellulosic Hydrolisates for Xylitol Production
Authors: Thontowi A , Mayangsari W , Kholida L N , Kanti A , Wardani A K , Hermiati E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
D-Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol, which can be obtaines from xylose of agriculutural wastes with microbial fermentation. The inhibitory chemical complexes (ICC) were founded after biomass pretreatment step. The ICC in acid hydrolysate can inhibit microbial metabolism in the medium. Several methods for detoxification; adsorption by activated charcoal, by ion exchange resin or by using enzymes. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using charcoal in xylitol fermentation by using lignocellulosic hydrolisate. In this work, detoxification process by added 1% activated charcoal to reduce the inhibitors in corn cobs hydrolysate and sugarcane trash hydrolysate. The biomass hydrolysate was fermented by Meyerozyma caribbica Y67 to produce xylitol. It is expected that detoxification can reduce concentration of inhibitors, so that microbial growth is not inhibited and more product. The results showed that M. caribbica Y67 had not significant different between pure hydrolysate and detoxified hydrolysate with activated charcoal. We suggested that M. caribbica Y67 tolerance to ICC and potential for xylitol fermentation from lignocellulosic biomasses.
The improvement of glucoamylase production by UV irradiated strains of Aspergillus awamori KT-11
Authors: Nuryana I , Perwitasari U , Mawey J , Ngangi J , Moko E , Melliawati R , Yopi  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In many food industries, glucoamylase is extensively applied because of its ability to convert oligosaccharides into glucose. Recently, mutagenic treatments of Aspergillus awamori have been conducted to improve and enhance glucoamylase production. This research was focused on the study of glucoamylase production by strains of A. awamori after being exposed to ultra-violet (UV) irradiation. The parental strain was cultivated on the PDA plates and treated by exposing under UV lamp from 0 to 90 minutes with the time intervals of 30 min. Solid state fermentation was carried out to produce glucoamylase using cassava peel as a substrate. As compared to all strains, the mutant strain of A. awamori after being treated by 30 min of UV exposure time gave the highest activity of glucoamylase at 5.9 U/ml. The activity was two fold higher than the parental strain. The same mutant strain also reached its maximum value of total protein content at 97.31 µg/ml and 23% higher than parental strain. Glucoamylase production can be achieved and improved by the strain of A. awamori after UV mutagenic treatment.
Antimicrobial activity of ethanol fraction from cyanobacteria Chroococcus turgidus
Authors: Hidhayati N , Agustini N W S , Widyagustina D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Chroococcus turgidus belongs to cyanobacteria, a photosynthetic prokaryote, which produces many valuable bioactive compounds and shows interesting biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of the ethanol fraction from C. turgidus and identified compounds that responsible for the activity. C. turgidus biomass was extracted using the reflux method and then fractionated by column chromatography. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans using agar disc diffusion method. The result showed significant activity against all tested microbes. The largest zone of inhibition was 18.1 ±0.14 mm, achieved by the fraction against S. aureus. Characterization using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry revealed the volatile organic compounds with 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl)ester as the dominant compound. This study revealed that the bioactive compounds produced by C. turgidus could be a potential source of natural antimicrobials.
Polyphenols Content of Indonesian Tea Clones on Optimum Manuring Condition
Authors: Rezamela E , H Syahrian K , Wulansari R , Prawira-Atmaja M I , Agustian E , Adilina I B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) has been known as a functional drink containing bioactive polyphenols with health benefits effect. Polyphenols in tea are not only influenced by climate but also by clone types and cultivation techniques. Recently, technological developments in tea commodities are not only focused on the quantity of production but also the content of polyphenols. Previous studies reported that the application of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) fertilizers played a role in increasing the polyphenol content in tea. Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona (RITC) has released GMB Series clones that have high productivity compared to other clones. The objectives of this study were to determine the content of tea polyphenols of various GMB series clones on optimum manuring conditions. This research was carried out in 2018 in the high elevation areas (1,350 m masl) and medium elevation (800 m masl). At the high elevation area at RITC Gambung Experimental Plantation, showed that on optimum manuring condition had an effect on the increase in polyphenol content in most GMB clones (14.83 - 15.43% dw) compared to control (10.56% dw) and GMB 1, GMB 4, GMB 7 and 9 clines showed significantly different effect on the content of total polyphenols. Tests which conducted on the medium elevation area at Cianjur, West Java, showed that under optimum manuring condition, the range of total above 15% with the highest polyphenols were obtained in GMB 1 clone at the dosage application of NPKMg (300:30:249:50) kg ha−1year−1
The Main Parameter Analysis in Developing Low Pressure Biogas Standards
Authors: Benny Louhenapessy Bendjamin , Wibowo Ari , Krishna Murti Bayu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Indonesian is one of the countries consuming fossil energy as a petroleum fuels which are quite high with the average needs increasing by 7% per year. The Indonesian Government has a commitment to address the issue of based energy crisis through one of the ways to find alternative energy sources that have the potential to generate energy that significantly to support the government program. The use of biogas is a part of renewable energy which is one of the references for government programs in order to increase energy access for the community through the utilization of New and Renewable Energy especially bioenergy. Biogas is a gas produced by anaerobic activities from organic materials including waste from human, animals, domestic and biodegradable waste or any organic waste that is biodegradable under anaerobic conditions. Biogas is a very interesting gas fuel to be developed because it can be updated and can be made by yourself with uncomplicated simple technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze the main parameters in the low pressure biogas quality requirements. This study uses descriptive qualitative analysis using the soft ware Framework for Analysis, Comparison, and Testing of Standards. The stages of this study include determining the basic principles, formulation and proof of standard concepts, stakeholder analysis, technical analysis and comparison of standards. The research locus includes producers, consumers, technical committees and conformity assessment agencies of biogas. Primary data collection and surveys include 10 provincial cities in Indonesia. This research recommends several parameters that can be used as a basis in developing national and international standards include low pressure factors; gas content including methane; hydrogen sulfide; carbon dioxide and oxygen.
The grow-out of abalone (Haliotis squamata) at different shelter shape on growth and survival and its marine environmental influences at Lembongan Bay coastal waters
Authors: Ardi I , Setiadi E , Rasidi  , Pranowo W S 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAbalone has an economic value in the world. The larval rearing technique of abalone has produced successfully at Gondol Research and Development Institute for Mariculture, Bali, Indonesia. However, the grow-out of abalone has not well documented yet. The purpose of this experiment is to examine the shelter shape in relation to growth and survival for abalone (Haliotis squamata) grow-out culture in the tidal area. The shelter made from PVC piping. The shape of shelter as a treatment of this experiment was A) round; B) square and; C) without shelter. The data of growth and survival rate were analyzed using analysis of variance. The result showed that the shelter for the grow-out of abalone was significantly affected growth in terms of shell length and wet weight (P<0.05) while the survival did not influence (P>0.05). It seems that the shelter was correlated with the feeding behavior of abalone had resulted in different for their growing. The water quality such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and water current was within the optimal range for abalone. We found that round shelter shape is the best for grow-out abalone at the tidal area.
Determination of minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration of ketapang (Terminatia catappa) leaves extract against Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Kharisma A , Tjahjaningsih W , Sigit Setiawati 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVibrio harveyiis a bacteria that causes Vibriosis in shrimp and can cause mass death. The use of antibiotics and chemicals continuously can harm the environment and humans as consumers. Ketapang leaves (Terminalia catappa) are natural ingredients that can be an alternative to antibiotics and chemicals used to suppressV. harveyibacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ketapang leaf extract againstV. harveyiin vitro using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The experimental study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 14 treatments and three replications. The results showed that ketapang leaf extract was able to inhibit and killV. harveyibacteria in vitro. The minimum concentration of ketapang leaf extract which can inhibitV. harveyibacteria was 1.56% and the one who was able to kill was 3.12%. This proves that ketapang leaves can be used as an antibacterial againstV. harveyi
Use of hydrogen peroxide to improve potential redox land preparation of land towards increasing production of traditional shrimp vanname (Litopeaneus vanname) in Wringin Putih, Muncar, Banyuwangi
Authors: Nindarwi D D , Sari L A , Wulansari P D , Samara S H , Santanumurti M B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Land preparation in a traditional shrimp pond is one of the most important parts to do. Soil Redox Potential is an indispensable parameter to see the readiness of soil land or the level of fertility of cultivated land in carrying out activities. It is toxic to shrimp such as sulfide compounds (H2S), nitrites and ammonia. This research is descriptive in nature, by observing 5 traditional aquaculture ponds measuring 3500 m2, with shrimp densities of 100 individuals/m2. The use of Hydrogen Peroxide is pool 1 (0.5 ppm/m2), pool 2 (1 ppm/m2), pool 3 (1.5 ppm/m2), pool 4 (2 ppm/m2) and pool 5 as a control (0 ppm/m2). The basis for determining the use of Hydrogen Peroxide doses is from a minimum reference dose. The best results in pool 3 with a potential reduction value of 331 m/v, wherein one period the value of NH4 ranged from 0-2 ppm with ADG (Average Daily Growth) every week an average of 0.3 grams.
Histopathological analysis of Pangasius sp. infected by Edwardsiella tarda causes Edwardsiellosis disease
Authors: A’yunin Q , Budianto  , Andayani S , Yuwanita R 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPangasius spare included in the group of catfish that have high economic value. Catfish are susceptible to infection with Edwardsiellosis caused byEdwardsiella sp. Edwardsiellosis is one of disease which causes declining of catfish production in Indonesia. Histopathological test can be one way to diagnose a disease infection by observing cell or tissue changes. The method used in this study is descriptive and sampling method by exsitu, by taking samples from the field and observing in the laboratory. The results showed tissue changes in the organs ofPangasius sp. due to bacterial infection which leads to damage hyperplasia, lamella fusion, and necrosis.
The use of bromelain enzyme on artificial hatching media as an effort to hatch Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) eggs outside the mother’s mouth
Authors: Fariedah F , Widodo M S , Nuswantoro S , Sholikhin  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Nile tilapia is a type of mouthbreeder fish which is a fish that incubates its eggs in the mouth. The parent fish that do spawning must incubate eggs for up to 12 days and fast until the eggs in their mouths hatch, it can cause nutrient deficient and a long recovery period that will affect the subsequent production. The conditions on artificial tilapia eggs hatching media are made to resemble the conditions in the mouth of tilapia, one of which is the presence of the protease enzyme. One of the protease enzymes that can be used is the bromelain enzyme found in pineapple. This study used the experimental method and used a completely randomized design (CRD) trial with three replications and five treatments. Bromelain enzymes used were A (0, 09 µmol), B (0.105 µmol), C (0, 12 µmol), D (0.135 µmol) and E (0.15 µmol). The parameters observed were hatchability and survival rate. The results suggested that the bromelain enzyme can be used to do tilapia egg hatching outside the mother’s mouth with the highest hatching rate was 74.44%. But it does not affect the survival rate of tilapia larvae with a survival rate was 82.5%.
The variances of hematology of gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) which is vaccinated and challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Alfaniah D , Kusdarwati R , Rozi  , Handijatno D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Freshwater fish that became the leading commodity of gourami. Fish cultivation is often experienced constraints of infection from motile aeromonas septicaemia (MAS), also known as red spotting disease caused by bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. A vaccine is an effective preventive measure because in this way immune can be obtained only once or twice vaccine administration until the fish is harvested. This study aims to determine the haematological picture of gourame (Osphronemus gouramy) that vaccinated and challenged bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. This research is an experimental research using completely randomized design which consists of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment of this study was the difference of vaccine dose ie A (control +) fish injected vaccine without any challenge test, B (control -) fish injected NaCl Physiological and tested challenge, C vaccine dose 104 CFU/mL, D vaccine dose 105 CFU/mL, and E vaccine dose of 106 CFU/mL. The results of this study showed vaccinations and tests of bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila in gouramy can give effect to total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, leukocyte total, and leukocyte differential. The 106 cell/mm3 (E) vaccine dose provides the best (responsive immune response) effectiveness compared to the other two doses.
Addition of lemuru fish oil in feed on the gonadal maturity level of female silver barb, Rasbora argyrotaenia
Authors: Agustin L , Sulmartiwi L , Mubarak A S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The development of aquaculture technology to produce silver barb is constrained by the low fecundity and long space of reproduction periodicity. As a consequence, feed manipulation is necessary to improve fecundity and gonadal maturity. Fecundity and gonadal maturity could be developed through additional fat from lemuru fish oil. Lemuru fish oil contains high Omega-3 that frequently used in the vitellogenesis process. The objectives of this study were adding lemuru fish oil in feed to increase the gonadal maturity level of the female silver barb. This research applied a completely randomized design (CRD) method which consist of five treatments (0%,2%,4%,6%,8%) in adding the different concentration of lemuru fish oil in feed and four replications for each. The feeding was done three times a day, at 4% biomass in 42 days of treatment. The parameters observed in this study were the gonadal maturity level in morphology as well as histology, gonad somatic index (GSI), gonad index (GI) of the female silver barb. The results of this study indicated that the addition of lemuru fish oil at 4% concentration in feed was able to accelerate 60% of the population of female silver barb gonadal maturity in the level of III and IV.
Chlorophyll and carotenoids analysis spectrophotometer using method on microalgae
Authors: Rinawati M , Sari L A , Pursetyo K T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Microalgae is a very potential to be developed biota Because of its abundant amount on earth. Research on microalgae and its application as pigment analysis, provides important information about chemical compounds such as carotenoids and chlorophyll roomates that can be developed into drugs. Microalgae such as Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis sp., Porphyridium cruentum and Spirulina platensis has known had carotenoid pigments and chlorophyll content, but the optimization of the production of pigment in microalgae life phase has not been known in detail. Chlorophyll content in microalgae in the logarithmic phase of Chlorella vulgaris 200-1500 mg/L, Nannochloropsis sp. 100-500 g/L, Porphyridium cruentum 500-800 g/L and Spirulina platensis 1000-3500 mg/L and for stationary phases microalgae Chlorella vulgaris 100-1000 mg/L, Nannochloropsis sp. 200-500 g/L, Porphyridium cruentum 900-2000 mg/L and Spirulina platensis 2000-6000 mg/L. While the carotenoid content of microalgae in the logarithmic phase of Chlorella vulgaris 10-40 g/L, Nannochloropsis sp. 10-60 g/L, Porphyridium cruentum 10-60 ug/L and Spirulina platensis 20-40 ug/L and for stationary phases microalgae Chlorella vulgaris 10-50 g/L, Nannochloropsis sp. 10-70 g/L, Porphyridium cruentum 70-130 ug/L and Spirulina platensis 20-1100 mg/L.
The effect of catfish and chicken cultivation waste to Daphnia sp. culture
Authors: Holy N H , Sari L A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Many factors influence the success of a cultivation business, the availability of the land, the availability of adequate fry and feed in quality and quantity to support maximum production. The study is to know the effect of catfish and chicken cultivation of waste to Daphnia sp. culture. Which is it does not pollute the culture medium and the high nutrient content. Daphnia sp. culture activity is divided into laboratory and mass scale. Culture activity started by sterilization and preparation of culture equipment and continued with Daphnia sp. forage provision. Stocking density that used in laboratory or semi mass scale is about ten ind/ml Daphnia. Duration of culture activity of Daphnia sp. was ten days and use water from catfish pond as media resulted from the highest density of Daphnia sp. with 5355 ind/liter produced during a period in laboratory scale. Daphnia culture in laboratory scale with molasses and plankton as a nutrient booster resulted in 1768.5 ind/liter, and it is lower than the Daphnia culture that uses water from catfish pond as media. The result in the spring-mass scale of Daphnia sp. culture was 451.400 ind/liter in 10 days period.
Degree of nematode endoparasite infection in asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) from Banyuwangi regency
Authors: Bakti D I , Mahasri G , Ulkhaq M F , Kismiyati  , Budi D S , Suciyono  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Banyuwangi district has widely rice field with big potential in agriculture and fisheries such as Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus). Endoparasites infection in Asian swamp eel happened by consumption of natural feed that infected with endoparasites larvae. This research aims to identify and determine the prevalence and intensity of nematode endoparasites that infected to Asian swamp eel (M. albus). Three hundred asian swamp eel (30-110 cm length and 29,8-60 g weight) were collected from five traditional market in Banyuwangi district (Banyuwangi City, Srono, Cluring, Rogojampi and Genteng). The result showed that Asian swamp eel from Banyuwangi district was infected by Eustrongylides ignotus with the highest prevalence and intensity, 16,33% and 1,92 respectively than another endoparasite (Procamallanus and Pingus sinensis). This result expected to base for further study to determine the prevalence and intensity of endoparasite in a different season for mapping the spread of endoparasite in Asian swamp eel at Banyuwangi district.
Inventory of ectoparasites in pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that cultivated with high density
Authors: Pamenang G D , Sulmartiwi L , Mahasri G , Rahayu N D , Angwarmas B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ectoparasites can attack on pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) which are kept in high density concrete ponds. The purpose of this study was to determine the type, prevalence, infestation and intensity degree of ectoparasites pacific white shrimp Postlarva (PL11 – PL15) stage and Postlarva (PL20 - PL30) stage in Bangil ponds that are cultivated with high density. The method used in this research is a survey method with random sampling. Data were analyzed using T test. The results of this study indicate that there are three genus of ectoparasites both in the pacific white shrimp PL11 - PL15 stage and PL20 - PL30 stage, namely Zoothamnium sp., Vorticella sp. and Epistylis sp. The prevalence of ectoparasites in pacific white shrimp is in the PL20 - PL30 stage at 100% while the prevalence of ectoparasites in the PL11 - PL15 stage is 75%. The level of ectoparasite intensity that attacks the pacific white shrimp (PL11 - PL15) includes a moderate category of 21.8 individuals/head, while the level of intensity of ectoparasites that attacks the pacific white shrimp (PL20 - PL30) includes a very severe category that is 814.05 individuals/head.
Length weight relationships and condition factor of sweet river prawn, Macrobrachium esculentum (Thalwitss, 1891) in the downstream Rongkong watershed
Authors: Jurniati  , Arfiati D , Maizar A , Kurniawan A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Swett River Prawn, Macrobrachium esculentum (Thalwitz,1891) is one of the freshwater prawns’ species that have important economic value and is the least concern species in the IUCN red list. The purpose of this study was to determine the length-weight relationship and condition factor of M. esculentum in the downstream watershed Rongkong. Prawns’ sampling was conducted from September 2018 to February 2019 from the artisanal fishery in the downstream watershed Rongkong. using method simple of Random Sampling. M. ecsulentum obtained as many as 244 Prawns’ consisting of 147 male and 97 female. The results showed that the long weight relationship for males was W = 0.712L0.2865 and females W = 11.137 L3.0537. b value for males is smaller than 3, growth is allometric negative while females are positive allometric (b>3). Average condition factor values for male and female shrimp are 275.28 and 1.88, respectively. The average relative weight (Wr) values for males and females are 100.2 and 101.9, respectively, which shows that the waters are still in good condition.