bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational maintenance of the use of technics
Authors: Kokieva G , Koryakin A , Ammosov I , Klimov S , Yusupov Sh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The priority area of engineering activities to ensure the operability of machines and reduce the intensity of their wear is currently maintenance. Modern and high-quality performance of this work allows you to reduce by 30 … 35% just during repair, for technical reasons, by 25 … 30% to reduce the consumption of spare parts, by 18-20% of fuel and lubricants during the operation of the machine and tractor fleet. However, observations show that the impact of maintenance on the productivity of the machine and tractor fleet has noticeably decreased in recent years. Practically the only way to determine reliability, durability and wear resistance is testing. Even those few researchers who develop analytical methods for calculating these characteristics are forced to rely on empirically obtained data. The existing methods of operational testing do not provide objective information about the reliability, durability and wear resistance of machines. The article provides a research methodology that is carried out according to the quantitative characteristics of the reliability of elements. Reliability is quantitatively determined by the likelihood of completing the task on time with the appropriate quality of work. Then we determine the failure rate, which shows what fraction of the total number of parts fails during the considered period of time. Thus, it can be noted that reliability is an important indicator, but not sufficient for a complete characterization. The machine must be evaluated for maintainability and durability.
Improving the sustainability of metal-producing industries in Russia
Authors: Rodionov A , Danilina M , Buslaev S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the metal-producing industries face a range of economic and ecological problems. The authors use content-analysis and statistical methods for analyzing the recent data and make proposals for the development t of metallurgy. The metallurgical industry is in second place among all other industries in terms of atmospheric emissions. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises are forced to use ore with a very low content of useful components in the extraction of metals. Thus, a huge volume of ore is supplied to beneficiation and smelting, and this, in turn, generates large quantities of waste gases from unused components. The current position of metallurgy companies in Russia does not contribute to the development of new industries for several reasons: lack of funds for the development of large plants; lack of forecast for short-term global demand for ferrous metallurgy products; a growing group of competition from foreign manufacturers for the products provided by the industry. To reduce the level of negative impact of metallurgy on the environment, it is necessary to develop and use new technologies that are safe for the environment. Unfortunately, not all enterprises use purification filters and facilities, although this is mandatory in the activities of every metallurgical enterprise.
Thermodynamic foundations of wood’s operational properties
Authors: Portnov Fedor , Mikhaleva Daria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper shows trends in the study of building materials. Thermodynamic approaches to analysis of the condition of building materials as a thermodynamic system, including in thermal decomposition conditions, are described. As part of the experimental part, the proposed methods analysed the effect of phosphorus organic materials on the fire danger of wood. The correlation of thermodynamic criteria (Gibbs energy) and identified physical and chemical behaviors of modified wood has been revealed.
Study of possibility of using axisymmetric body as heat sink for cooling machine parts
Authors: Palii A , Tolmacheva L , Novoselova T , Akopdzhanyan J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the study of possibility using a body with an optimized shape with a minimum aerodynamic drag force as a heat sink in a convective gas flow for cooling machine parts. The relevance of cooling or heat sink systems for mechanical engineering is not in doubt. Maintaining the optimum thermal state of machine parts within the specified limits is necessary to prevent heating, which can cause violations of normal operating conditions, and, as a result, increased wear, jamming and breakage of parts. To ensure the normal operation of the system, it is necessary to cool the parts contacting the hot gases, removing heat from them to the atmosphere directly, or using an intermediate body (water, low-freezing liquid). Heat sink is an aerodynamic process, a process of heat mass transfer of a substance, and aerodynamic characteristics and, in particular, the nature of streamlining of bodies of the simplest forms are of great scientific and practical interest. Bodies of complex shape can always be represented as a combination of simpler ones, for which it is easy to explore and calculate the flow paths, on the basis of which analytical methods for calculating aerodynamic characteristics are compiled. A computational experiment was conducted in the software product Ansys Fluent. The conditions of the experiment (comparison of heat removal bodies) during numerical modeling are the preservation of constants: the volume and shape of the working zone; distances from the sources, drains and centers of bodies; aerodynamic flow rates; masses of compared bodies; thermal power of the source and other parameters in addition to the shape of the surface. The resulting optimized shape of the body coincides with the current lines, which is the main advantage, since no separation from the surface is observed when streamlining the flow. Thus, the entire surface area will be the effective surface area of the heatsink as opposed to other known shapes of bodies, whereby the temperature of the heat loaded element placed in the center of the heatsink will decrease.
Influence of gas-dynamic characteristics of a wide-range engine on energy-information exchange during flights at high supersonic speed
Authors: Kaun Yu V , Chernyshov M V , Yatsenko A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using a conical nozzle as an example, the gas-dynamic and thrust characteristics of high-altitude nozzles are studied in a wide range of atmospheric pressures. A geometric model of the nozzle block and the computational domain is developed in a two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation. A calculation was carried out with setting the parameters of the standard atmosphere in the altitude range from 0 to 80 km. In one of the parts of this work, the most common shock-wave structures (triple configurations of shock waves) that arise during flights at supersonic and high supersonic speeds are considered, during jet outflows from propulsion systems. We also studied the influence of the extreme values of the discontinuities of the flow field parameters on the transmitted electromagnetic signals.
Aerodynamic model of centrifugal cleaning in a once-through cyclone
Authors: Lisin A , Moliboga A , Lyovochkina N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This work examines aerodynamic modeling of the process of air cycloning in a direct-flow cyclone. The most important technological operation in the food industry is to achieve a high degree of dusty air purification. The practice of operating cyclones testifies to the discrepancy between the actual efficiency of the apparatus and the real capabilities of dust collecting installations. The modern development of industry is characterized by an ever-increasing intensification of various technological processes, which is accompanied by significant dust formation. The problem of collecting dust affects almost all branches of modern production. These are the production of building materials, metallurgy, woodworking, chemical and food industries. In this regard, the problem of maintaining the cleanliness of the air basin of cities arises, and increased requirements are imposed on dust-collecting equipment. Along with the requirement to ensure minimum dust emissions, dust-collecting equipment should be completely reliable for a long time of operation and not require large costs for installation and maintenance. For dust collection of dust, cyclones are now widely used, the principle of which is based on centrifugal separation of the mixture. In the food industry, the most widespread are cyclones of spray units “Niro-Atomizer”, “VRA-4”, “Nema-500”, A1-ORCH. The cyclones of the listed installations differ from each other in the number of devices installed in the dust collection system, design features and aerodynamic modes of air purification.
Simulation modeling of the soil flow movement process in the air, supplied by a ground gun while extinguishing a forest fire
Authors: Gnusov M A , Drapalyuk M V , Popikov P I , Druchinin D Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents a technological scheme of the operation process of a soil-throwing unit, which has a milling-throwing working body and a guiding casing, and a developed simulation model of the process of movement in the air of a directed flow of soil particles supplied by a soil launcher when extinguishing a forest fire. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of soil and air flow parameters on the indicators of its suitability for extinguishing a ground forest fire by using simulation modeling of the process. The study of this work covers the process of flow, which received the necessary impulse from the milling cutters of the soil launcher. The theoretical description of this direction of research is complex, since it considers both the packing of flying particles and individually detached spherical elements that come into contact with air particles, also presented in the form of discrete elements. As a result of modeling the movement of soil in the air, a vertical cut of the system of fragments of soil and air, graphs of dependences on time, the average distance between soil elements and the average resistance force of the air environment were obtained.
Development of a gimbal for the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera for the UAV DJI Phantom 4 Pro
Authors: Kurbanov R , Litvinov M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Crop monitoring with air monitoring tools on the basis different types of unmanned aerial vehicles with a payload allows to identify problem areas in the field and make timely management decisions. Such complexes suggest a simple and cheap method to method of collecting information about agricultural biological objects. Every season, due to the lack of timely and accurate information about the condition of farmland, agricultural producers lose profits. The use of UAV platforms in agriculture ultimately allows to predict yields and reduce losses. Consequently, the integration of multispectral cameras on UAVs becomes an actual and important task. The main goal of this work is to develop a gimbal for installing the Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera on the DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAV and connecting it to the standard power plant. During the development, a gimbal was made that takes into account all sensors and has dampers for the camera, a method for powering a multispectral camera from the UAV’s onboard power supply, flight tests were conducted that showed stable work of the UAV with additional attachments.
Design of a threshing apparatus of the combine harvester of a new generation
Authors: Kuzin G , Egorov M , Mamchits N , Egorova R , Ishchenkova V , Atrokhov A , Ugrekhelidze N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A patented, field-proven threshing and separating device for a combine harvester, created taking into account the elasticity and discreteness of the steams, fractionation and transparency of the layer in the threshing space, is proposed.
New Methods of finding support planes of cut-level fuzzy power sets and Geometry of the convex fuzzy power sets
Authors: Gadjiev Djavanshir , Rustanov Aligadzhi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The concepts of the convex fuzzy power sets and crisply defined membership functions in fuzzy set theory are important to deeply analyze to look further for more precise solutions of the fuzzy mathematical programming problems. The Extension principle was defined in terms of the level cuts of the membership functions. The theorem of the decomposition proves the existence of the fuzzy power set as the union of all level cuts of membership function. The Convexity of the level cut fuzzy set was determined at the points of the universe, where the membership function is approximated. The Theorems of the convex and quasi-convex fuzzy sets extend and expand the extension principle to the higher quality to look for more precise solutions of fuzzy problems beyond the support planes. The Fuzzy geometry and topological categories researched further to arrive to the newest Lemma for the cyclic quadrilateral convex fuzzy sets. The analytical and graphical representation of modeling with membership functions type I through types 6 are investigated to the point to be highly recommended in engineering problems by using heuristic methods and models.
Controlling the characteristics of the hybrid bearing by means of an electromagnetic actuator
Authors: Bondarenko M E , Polyakov R N , Shengbo L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The increase in the power and efficiency of the newly developed rotating mechanisms is inextricably linked with the growth of their rotation speeds and the overall level of vibration. Gas-dynamic foil bearings have a higher priority for use in high-speed mechanisms due to their practically unlimited maximum speed, the absence of an additional lubrication system, low friction power losses, etc. However, increased friction and low load-carrying capacity during the start-stop period is a problem for the further application of gas-dynamic foil bearings. The hybrid bearing studied in this work includes a rolling-element bearing, a gas-dynamic foil bearing and actuators. The hybrid bearing studied in this work includes a rolling-element bearing, a gas-dynamic foil bearing and actuators. Actuators allow during operation to switch from one type of bearing to another, as well as to control the radial gap of the gas-dynamic foil bearing, changing the dynamic characteristics of the hybrid bearing. The new designed hybrid bearing was manufactured and tested on a rotordynamic test rig in this study. A theoretical model of the hybrid bearing rotor system was built and demonstrated by the experiment results.
Utilization of industrial waste in the urban environment
Authors: Maryeva E A , Popova O V , Pavlikov A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article discusses promising technologies for the process of utilization of industrial waste in an urban environment. Statistical data on waste accumulation in Russia, volumes and methods of their utilization are presented. The main world trends in the field of industrial waste disposal in the urban environment and the possibilities of their implementation in Russian cities are considered.
Modes of operation of toll gate lanes on toll roads
Authors: Dombalyan A , Shatalova E , Semchugova E , Solodovchenko I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents a detailed analysis of the modes of operation of toll gate lanes on toll roads. The toll gate lane has such operating modes as manual and automatic. Also, the lane can work in free mode – any vehicles can pass without classification and payment. The lane in closed mode does not accept vehicles. Ways of charging for each option are described, namely manual, automatic, and electronic. The stages of passing through the lane in different modes and their transport capacity are presented. The characteristic features of toll systems are highlighted and described. The purpose of the lane equipment elements is to control the flow of vehicles through the toll gate, as well as to accept tolls using various payment methods. The selection of toll system and locations of toll gates is based on an assessment of economic feasibility and taking into account the estimated traffic and traffic flow structure, the number and location of traffic interchanges. Special attention is paid to the criteria for selecting a toll system, which is to maximize profits from the operation of a toll road.
RETRACTED: The purpose and objectives of the labor protection service at the enterprise
Authors: Pushenko S , Staseva E , Trushkova E , Kvitkina M , Litvinov A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The main goal of improving working conditions is to achieve a social effect, i.e. ensuring labor safety, preserving the life and health of workers, reducing the number of accidents and diseases at work. Improving working conditions also yields economic results: an increase in profits (due to an increase in labor productivity); reduction of costs associated with compensation for work with harmful and difficult working conditions; reduction of losses associated with injuries, occupational morbidity; decrease in staff turnover, etc. The main document in the normative and technical documentation is the normative act “Occupational safety standards system”.
Analysis of the behavior of epoxy composites with carbon nano additives under the influence of high temperatures on fires
Authors: Borisova V A , Davidenko A S , Egorov A A , Totsky D V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The results of research on the thermal stability of epoxy resins modified with carbon nanomaterial as polymer composites matrices are presented. It is shown that modification of binder component of composite materials at deposition of carbon nanomaterials leads to improvement of thermal stability, including decrease of intensity of crystal lattice destruction, decrease of amplitude value of thermal effect, increase of duration of oxidation of material at high temperatures, promotes stable formation of heat-protective and insulating carbonized layer.
The dependence of the quality of soil treatment on the parameters and operating modes of the working bodies of the cutter
Authors: Latypov R , Kalimullin M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the field research was to verify the theoretical assumptions, calculations and comparative tests in the economic conditions of the mill. The object of research was a milling cutter with a horizontal axis of rotation of working bodies. The dependence of the quality of soil treatment on the parameters of the cutter: the speed of the unit, the circumferential speed of the knife, the depth of soil treatment is determined. Regression analysis methods are used to search for a regression equation that adequately describes the quality of soil cultivation from the studied parameters. It was found that the values of the homogeneity of the fractional composition of the soil during processing by the working bodies of the cutter meet the agrotechnical requirements at the values of the kinematic parameter λ=4 and the processing depth a=0.14 m. The best indicators of the fractional composition of the soil were obtained when the drum diameter D=0.4 m and the number of cutter knives in one plane Z=3-4 PCs. The purity of tubers in the combine hopper ranges from 10 to 30%, which is 1.5 times lower compared to the control area.
Escalation quality of wooden beams as building construction with densification technology
Authors: Rilatupa James , Samosir Rahmad , Napitupulu Sally S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this research has done the densification process of jabon wood and its measuring 5/7 cm into 5/5 cm by heat compression. The research objective determines the reliability of wood densification technology as improving the physical and mechanical wood properties. This research also used U steel as a tool press. The results showed that densification in jabon wood can improve its physical properties as indicated by the increase in specific gravity amounted to 28.95 percent; its density increased 26.83 percent; as well as water content declined of 32.68 percent. The mechanical properties of jabon wood shown by parameters like the strength perpendicular to fiber increased to 51.44 percent; MOE increased to 32.93 percent, and MOR increased to 36.14 percent. Treatment of densification on jabon wood has increased the strong class of jabon wood from strength class IV into a strength class III based on specific gravity and value of MOR rise to strength class II. Densified jabon wood is suitable for use as building construction materials and gives its aesthetic value because its color is more attractive. The architectural design of urban buildings can also use the densified wood material as it proves to
Decision Making Application for Housing Development Investment
Authors: Immanuel Harun , Asriningsih Pranoto Wati , Setiadi Mark 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The need for housing in Garut is increased from time to time, besides of that the form of the houses was abstract and spread organically therefore to maximize the amount of housing construction and improves the quality of Garut residence those houses expected to be arranged systematically. Those organic spread houses established without valid permits become a polemic to build a neat and clean housing development. The dispute problems are expected to be answered by the Vroom Yetton Group Based Type 2 method to prevent disputes between developers and local inhabitants. Unit configuration affects the saleable area and expected to gain maximal value due to the limitations and existing landforms. Neat Housing Development intends educating people who are accustomed to living in organic housing into systematical housing and to improve the quality of life for the community and the value of the houses units. Therefore there are 3 alternatives to choose; skip the disputes area and build housing on the available area, spend amount of money to the disputes area for compensation, or build the whole area and give some of the houses to the existing local inhabitants. Those alternatives might be answered by analyze each of their net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return.
Development of WBS Dictionary and Checklist Based on WBS of Railway Construction for Safety Planning
Authors: Aryanto D V , Supriadi L S R , Latief Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Railroad construction works are common in developing or developed countries throughout the world. Railroad construction work is a complex project. Inside, there are work activities that can be disrupted due to work accidents. Work accidents that occur can be detrimental to the project. Therefore, to prevent accidents, it is necessary to develop a WBS dictionary and checklist on railroad work for OHS planning. The need for a standardized WBS dictionary and checklist of WBS in preventing work accidents is very important. This study discusses OHS planning by developing a WBS dictionary and checklist on railroad work using expert validation methods and interviews using a questionnaire with descriptive statistical analysis of data. With the development of the WBS dictionary and checklist for OHS planning, project stages will be obtained in detail that can be used to analyze work packages, specified methods, activities, and resources. So that it can reduce and even nullify the risk of work accidents (zero accidents) in the implementation of construction projects.