bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial differences in HPV type 16 prevalence in women with ASCUS of the uterine cervix
Authors: Risley Carolann , Clarke Megan A. , Geisinger Kim R. , Stewart Mary W. , Zhang Lei , Hoover Kim W. , Hiser Laree M. , Owens Kenyata , DeMarco Maria , Schiffman Mark , Wentzensen Nicolas 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundUnderstanding racial influences on human papillomavirus (HPV) distribution in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cytology via partial genotyping in a statewide population can inform HPV‐based prevention efforts.MethodsWomen aged 21 to 65 years with any cytology result and partial HPV genotyping for ASCUS triage between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017, were included. All women attended a Mississippi State Department of Health clinic. Age, race, cytopathologic, and HPV data were extracted from the electronic health record and analyzed. Cytologic specimens were processed with ThinPrep and HPV testing with the Cobas 4800 assay. HPV genotypes were evaluated in hierarchical categories. Chi‐square tests and multinomial logistic regression models evaluated associations between race and type prevalence.ResultsThere were 43,106 women who underwent cervical cancer screening with cytology and ASCUS triage. Of these, 34,363 (80.2%) had normal cytology, 4672 (10.9%) had ASCUS, 2683 (6.3%) had a low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 633 (1.5%) had a high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Blacks represented 69.3% of the sample and had a higher proportion of HPV‐positive ASCUS (6.5%) in comparison with whites (5.6%). Blacks had significantly decreased odds of HPV‐16 (odds ratio [OR], 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6‐0.9; P = .002) and significantly increased odds for 12 other types (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.2‐1.5; P < .0001) in comparison with whites.ConclusionsIn a diverse population, significant differences in HPV genotypes are shown by race. Importantly, blacks with ASCUS are less likely to be positive for HPV‐16 in comparison with whites. Ongoing work is evaluating the individual genotype prevalence and genotype‐specific risk of precancer by race.
Hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy: a description of two cases and a literature review
Authors: Válek Martin , Roblová Lenka , Raška Ivan , Schaffelhoferová Dita , Paleček Tomáš 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy is a rare form of dilated cardiomyopathy. The authors here present two cases in which symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy was the result of severe hypocalcaemia. First, we report about a 26‐year‐old woman with primary hypoparathyroidism and then about a 74‐year‐old man with secondary hypoparathyroidism following a thyroidectomy. In both cases, the left ventricular systolic function improved after calcium supplementation. In the first case, a lack of compliance led to a repeated decrease of both serum calcium level and left ventricular systolic function. The authors also present a comprehensive summary of all cases of hypocalcaemic dilated cardiomyopathy that have been described in literature to date. The mean age of the affected patients was 48.3 years, of which 62% were female patients. The most common causes of hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy are primary hypoparathyroidism (50%) and post‐thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism (26%). In the post‐thyroidectomy subgroup, the median time for the development of hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy is 10 years (range: 1.5 months to 36 years). Hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy leads to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in 87% of patients. Generally, the most common complications of hypoparathyroidism and/or hypocalcaemia are cerebral calcifications, cognitive deficit, and cataracts. Once calcium supplementation is administered, the disease has a good prognosis and, in most individuals, a significant improvement (21%) or even normalization (74%) of the left ventricular systolic function occurs.
A multidimensional index for range queries over Cayley‐based DHT
Authors: Li Lan , Bao Zhiyan , Xie Nan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper studies indexing multidimensional data based on the Borel Cayley graph. In order to provide the scalable query method, a special distributed hash table based on Borel Cayley graph is applied to key‐value–based data‐storing system. By taking advantage of the two different representations for the same one Borel Cayley graph, we present an efficient way for distributed multidimensional queries. Compared with other ring‐like indexing method, experimental results demonstrate that Borel Cayley–based index method reduces the routing table length and improves the index maintenance efficiency.
Emerging soft tissue tumors with kinase fusions: An overview of the recent literature with an emphasis on diagnostic criteria
Authors: Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA recent breakthrough in the classification of soft tissue tumors (STT) has been a significant expansion in the number of neoplasms associated with NTRK and other kinase related fusions. This is important not only for diagnostic purposes, but also because it opens new avenues for targeted therapy. Indeed, recent clincal trials have shown significant benefit across multiple tumor‐types, prompting approval of NTRK inhibitors for clinical use in the setting of advanced/metastatic NTRK‐rearranged neoplasms. Despite these therapeutic oportunities, diagnostic challenges have transpired in recognizing these emerging new histologic subtypes of kinase fusions positive‐STT prospectively. This, in part, is attributable to their wide morphologic spectrum, variable risk of malignancy, and non‐specific immunoprofile. As such, recommendations for pathologic criteria and immunohistochemical testing are needed to improve classification and streamline the small subset of potential candidates for further molecular validation. This overview summarizes the key histologic features of various STT associated with NTRK and other kinase fusions, which appear to share a similar morphologic spectrum. Immunohistochemically, many of these tumors, regardless of the kinase fusion type, notably show co‐expression of S100 and CD34; issues related to the utility of pan‐NTRK and NTRK1 immunostaining are therefore summarized. Finally, I discuss the role of confirmatory molecular testing and how, in some instances, this may also be of prognostic value. This review is intended as a critical summary of the current literature to emphasize pathologic criteria for improving recognition of this emerging and complex group of kinase fusion associated STT.
Spatiotemporal variability of sunshine duration and influential climatic factors in mainland China during 1959–2017
Authors: Xiong Jinghua , Wang Zhaoli , Lai Chengguang , Liao Yaoxing , Wu Xushu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSunshine duration (SD) is a key index with which to quantitatively measure the intensity and duration of solar radiation. The exploration of spatiotemporal characteristics and potential influential factors for SD could help us better understand solar radiation variability. In this study, we first explore the spatiotemporal variability of SD across mainland China during 1959–2017, then identify the predominant influential climatic factors and detect their relative influence of temporal dynamic on SD, and finally discuss the relative influential rates of climatic factors and detect the dominating climatic factor on a spatial scale. The results show that: Firstly, the annual and seasonal SD gradually decreased from the northwest to southeast across mainland China; a significant decreasing trend (p < .05) was detected for annual SD at a rate of −2.7 h⋅a–1, a turning point significantly occurred in 1986 (p < .05) in the year SD series, and oscillation periods of 2.4–3.8 years existed in mainland China and most sub‐regions. Secondly, the significant (p < .05) decrease of wind speed (Win), increase of precipitation (Pre), and increase of vapour pressure (Vp) were responsible for the decreasing trend of SD with relative influential rates of 39.9, 30.6, and 29.5%, respectively. Thirdly, temporally, the relative influential rate of each climatic variable changed over time; spatially, Win dominated most areas of mainland China (55.9%) during 1959–2017, followed by Pre (24.9%) and Vp (19.2%).
The influence of anastomotic leakage for rectal cancer oncologic outcome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Jianguo , Chen Qingwei , Jindou Li , Cheng Yong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAnastomotic leakage is a serious complication after arterial resection of rectal cancer. It has been found that anastomotic leakage is related to the oncological outcome. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the long‐term outcome of the rectal tumor after anastomotic leakage.MethodsThe effect of anastomotic leakage on the oncological outcome of rectal cancer was studied by electronic literature retrieval. Using the DerSimonian Laird random effect model to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Research heterogeneity was evaluated by Q statistics and I2, and bias was evaluated by funnel plot and Begg's test.ResultsA total of 35 studies and 44 698 patients were included in the study. The studies have shown that anastomotic leakage is associated with local recurrence (OR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.57‐2.38; P < .0001), overall survival (OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.37‐1.95; P < .00001), disease‐free survival (OR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.50‐2.87; P < .00001) and cancer‐specific survival (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.70; P = .012), while it was not related to distant recurrence (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 0.95‐1.65; P = .12).ConclusionsThe results showed that anastomotic leakage after anterior resection increased the risk of local recurrence, decreased the overall survival, cancer‐specific survival and disease‐free survival.
Photonic Entanglement Based on Nonlinear Metamaterials
Authors: Ming Yang , Zhang Wang , Tang Jie , Liu Yuan , Xia Zilong , Liu Yushen , Lu Yan‐qing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetamaterials consisting of deep subwavelength artificial “atoms” have been utilized to demonstrate a series of novel phenomena such as negative refraction and epsilon‐near‐zero. In recent times, metamaterials have been developed as an up‐and‐coming platform for quantum optics. Here the generation and modulation of photonic entanglement are investigated based on the parametric down conversion processes in metamaterials with considerable optical nonlinearity. Through flexible nanostructure design, the nonlinear photonic interaction in the metamaterial system can be effectively tailored. The distributions of optical parameters of the system are inhomogeneous, based on which the spatial properties of the generated photonic state can be steered as desired. The theoretical framework to describe this system is established based on the nonlinear Huygens–Fresnel principle, and a differential approach is utilized to deal with the intrinsic loss of the system. The generation of orbital angular momentum entangled states is actually considered as an illustration. This platform could be valuable for the practical applications of quantum information processing.
Re‐Crystallization of HNS‐IV by Optimization of Solvent/Anti‐Solvent Method through Taguchi Analysis Design
Authors: Reza Pouretedal Hamid , Damiri Sajjad , Moslemi Javad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe explosive HNS‐IV has been proven to be insensitive to shock, percussion, heat, and friction among polymorphs of HNS. According to the US military standard MIL‐E‐82903, the surface area of HNS‐IV must be 5.0 to 25.0 m2/g. Thus, the micronization of its particles in re‐crystallization process is a key step. The solvent/anti‐solvent method is used for re‐crystallization of HNS‐IV particles because user‐friendly, inexpensive and efficient. A successful re‐crystallization depends on the proper choice of solvent. Among studied solvents, N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) is selected based on its solubility for HNS that is obtained 7.23 g per 100 mL at 100 °C. Taguchi experiment design method is used to optimize the solvent/anti‐solvent re‐crystallization process. The three parameters of volume ratio of anti‐solvent to solvent, temperature of solvent and temperature of anti‐solvent are optimized. The bulk density (B.D) of re‐crystallized of HNS‐IV particles is used as a signal for optimization with the concept of “the larger‐the‐better”. The optimized parameters are volume ratio 20 to 1 for anti‐solvent to solvent and temperatures of 100 and 5 °C, respectively, for solvent and anti‐solvent. BET (Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller) method shows the specific surface area 12.7 m2/g for re‐crystallized particles. Also, SEM images indicate a thin platelet with size 5–10 μm for micronized HNS‐IV product.
University Hospital Financial Status Does Not Influence Subjective Perception of General Surgery Residents on Training Adequacy
Authors: Cassão Bruna Dell'Acqua , Herbella Fernando A. M. , dos Santos Marcelo Cincotto E. , Saad Sarhan S. , Patti Marco G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSurgical residency training is a complex and costly task. Hospital economic health is dependent on different variables, but it is especially linked to the country macroeconomics that may be extremely fluctuating, especially in underdeveloped countries. This study analyzed the correlation between a single‐center university hospital financial status and subjective perception of general surgery residents on program support and adequacy.MethodsWe surveyed former residents that started general surgery residency program in a tertiary university hospital between 1999 and 2017. Individuals answered a questionnaire about the perception of the influence of the hospital´s financial status on training. Hospital´s financial status was estimated yearly by the current liquidity ratio (CLR) that measures whether or not a company has enough resources to meet its short‐term obligations.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐seven (96%) were still in surgical practice; 242 (93%) were satisfied with their residency training; 210 (78%) believed training was affected by financial status; 183 (68%) believed they were prepared for independent practice; 180 (67%) practiced in an academic environment; 146 (54%) felt the need to complete specialty training beyond residency; and 56 (21%) believed hospital financial status was adequate. The rate of positive or negative answers did not correlate with the current liquidity ratio, except for the need to complete specialty training that was indirectly related to CLR.ConclusionsUniversity hospital financial status did not influence subjective perception of general surgery residents on training, program support and adequacy.
Routine diagnostics for neural antibodies, clinical correlates, treatment and functional outcome
Authors: Bien Christian G. , Bien Corinna I. , Dogan Onugoren Müjgan , De Simoni Desiree , Eigler Verena , Haensch Carl-Albrecht , Holtkamp Martin , Ismail Fatme S. , Kurthen Martin , Melzer Nico , Mayer Kristina , von Podewils Felix , Rauschka Helmut , Rossetti Andrea O. , Schäbitz Wolf-Rüdiger , Simova Olga , Witt Karsten , Höftberger Romana , May Theodor W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
To determine frequencies, interlaboratory reproducibility, clinical ratings, and prognostic implications of neural antibodies in a routine laboratory setting in patients with suspected neuropsychiatric autoimmune conditions.

Methods
Earliest available samples from 10,919 patients were tested for a broad panel of neural antibodies. Sera that reacted with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1), contactin-associated protein-2 (CASPR2), or the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex were retested for LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies by another laboratory. Physicians in charge of patients with positive antibody results retrospectively reported on clinical, treatment, and outcome parameters.

Results
Positive results were obtained for 576 patients (5.3%). Median disease duration was 6 months (interquartile range 0.6–46 months). In most patients, antibodies were detected both in CSF and serum. However, in 16 (28%) patients with N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies, this diagnosis could be made only in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The two laboratories agreed largely on LGI1 and CASPR2 antibody diagnoses (κ = 0.95). The clinicians (413 responses, 71.7%) rated two-thirds of the antibody-positive patients as autoimmune. Antibodies against the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), NMDAR (CSF or high serum titer), γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor (GABABR), and LGI1 had ≥ 90% positive ratings, whereas antibodies against the glycine receptor, VGKC complex, or otherwise unspecified neuropil had ≤ 40% positive ratings. Of the patients with surface antibodies, 64% improved after ≥ 3 months, mostly with ≥ 1 immunotherapy intervention.

Conclusions
This novel approach starting from routine diagnostics in a dedicated laboratory provides reliable and useful results with therapeutic implications. Counseling should consider clinical presentation, demographic features, and antibody titers of the individual patient.
Nitrous oxide emissions in proportion to nitrification in moist temperate forests
Authors: Fan Shaoyan , Yoh Muneoki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractChronic elevated nitrogen deposition has increased nitrogen availability in many forest ecosystems globally, and this phenomenon has been suggested to increase soil nitrification. Although it is believed that increased nitrogen availability would also increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from forest ecosystems, its impact on N2O flux is poorly known. In this study, 3-years monitoring of N2O emissions was performed in a forested watershed receiving elevated nitrogen deposition and located in the suburbs of Tokyo, Japan. In addition, a comparative field survey was carried out in nine temperate forest sites with varying nitrogen availabilities. In the intensively studied forest site showing typical nitrogen saturation, the average annual N2O emissions from the whole watershed were estimated to be 0.88 kg N ha−1 year−1, comparable to the highest observed levels for temperate forests except for some very high emission sites in Europe. Although no correlation was found for humid spots with WFPS > 60%, a clear positive correlation was noted between N2O flux and net nitrification rate in situ for plots with water-filled pore space (WFPS) < 60%. The N2O flux varied across nine forest sites almost in proportional to the stream water NO3− concentration in the watershed that ranged from 0.14 to 1.64 mg N/L. We conclude that N2O emissions are related to nitrification in moist temperate forest, which may be associated with the magnitude of nitrogen saturation.
Positive toxicology and reactive serology in tissue donors: a retrospective study over a 3-year period
Authors: Heck Ellen , Gruslin Kristel , Corder Valerie , Petroll W. Matthew , Urban Jill 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAssessment of donor suitability and criteria development for tissue donation evaluation which appropriately addresses the risk factors for disease transmission, especially high risk for Hepatitis B or C, HIV or other transmissible diseases as defined by the Food and Drug Administration, FDA, is a continuing concern for tissue banks. The relationship of drug use, especially IV drugs, has been determined to be associated with an increased possibility of reactive serology (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USCDC) in Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. Hepatitis C questions and answers for health professionals. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/hcvfaq.htm; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USCDC) in infectious diseases, opioids and injection drug use, 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/pwid/opioid-use.html; HIH National Institute on Drug Abuse in Health Consequences of Drug Misuse, 2017. https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/health-consequences-drug-misuse). Therefore, prior drug use determined by medical social history screening frequently results in deferral of a potential donor even when the route of drug administration has not been determined to be intravenous. Because of the association of drug use in numerous cases, which come under Medical Examiner jurisdiction, a possible rule out of a number of otherwise suitable medical examiner cases could occur. This retrospective review of medical examiner cases, tissue bank referrals and tissue donors in a 3-year period examines the relationship, if any, between reactive serology and positive toxicology results. These results would appear to indicate assessment of donor medical social history screening is effective in reducing recovery of high-risk donors.
Psychometric properties of the FACT-G quality of life scale for family caregivers of cancer patients
Authors: Song Lixin , Tan Xianming , Bredle Jason , Bennett Antonia V. , Northouse Laurel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to examine psychometric properties of a caregiver version of the well-established Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Scale (FACT-G) after conducting focus groups and obtaining expert input.

Methods
We made minor wording modifications to the Patient FACT-G to enable caregivers to report how the illness affected their overall quality of life (QOL) and well-being on four subscales (physical, social, emotional, functional). We tested the acceptability, precision, factor structure, reliability and validity of the Caregiver FACT-G among partners of prostate cancer patients (N = 263) and caregivers (spouses, siblings, adult children) of patients with advanced cancer (breast, lung, colorectal, prostate) (N = 484) using data from two Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs).

Results
With a factor structure similar to the Patient FACT-G, Caregiver FACT-G was acceptable and precise in measuring caregiver QOL, with high inter-factor correlations and internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alphas 0.81–0.91). The Caregiver FACT-G had strong convergent validity demonstrated by significant positive correlations with caregiver self-efficacy (0.25–0.63), dyadic communication (0.18–0.51), and social support (0.18–0.54) in both samples. It also had strong discriminant validity evidenced by significant inverse correlations with negative appraisal of caregiving (− 0.37 to − 0.69), uncertainty (− 0.28 to − 0.53), hopelessness (− 0.25 to − 0.60), and avoidant coping (− 0.26 to − 0.58) in both samples. Caregivers’ baseline FACT-G scores were significantly associated with their physical (0.23) and mental well-being (0.54; 4-month follow-up) and their depression (− 0.69; 3-month follow-up), indicating strong predictive validity.

Conclusion
This is the first study evaluating the psychometric properties of the Caregiver FACT-G. More psychometric testing is warranted, especially among caregivers of diverse sociocultural backgrounds.