bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF COMPOSITES IN AERO-ENGINE COMPONENTS
Authors: Léonard P. L. Y. , Nylander J. W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnvironmental issues such as climate change are leading to sustainability challenges for the aerospace industry. New materials such as composites allow significant weight reduction, which leads to a lower fuel consumption. However, composites involve complex processes and there is a lack of knowledge on their social and environmental consequences. Through two cases based on real aero-engines components, this paper shows that the weight savings provided by composites reduce significantly the CO2 emissions during flight which compensates the environmental drawbacks from production and recycling.
DISCRETE-EVENT SIMULATION FOR SPECIFICATION DESIGN OF PRODUCTS IN PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMS
Authors: Kloock-Schreiber D. , Siqueira R. , Gembarski P. C. , Lachmayer R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBoundaries between products and services vanish and companies increasingly offer hybrid solutions known as Product Service Systems (PSS). Thereby, a holistic view that includes both the product and service parts must be taken. This paper presents a discrete-event simulation of a PSS as a method for the specification of the product part. Besides product and service, the application scenario and the decision-making are also modeled. Based on the results for a case study, the customer requirements could be guaranteed as the essential product specifications were optimized to minimize total costs.
HOW CAN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT THE LINK BETWEEN CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT? – A REVIEW
Authors: Villamil Velasquez C. , Salehi N. , Hallstedt S. I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLinear production is related to resource scarcity and negative environmental impacts. Circular Economy (CE) emerged for society transition towards sustainability, based on regenerative systems and multiple life cycle products. Product Life cycle Management (PLM) supports the whole life cycle with the aid of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). A literature review analyzed the role of ICT enabling CE based on PLM, identifying challenges and opportunities, active and passive PLM, system perspective, stakeholder's role, and sustainability. Concluding that ICT enables the CE transition.
CHALLENGES FACED BY DESIGN ENGINEERS WHEN CONSIDERING MANUFACTURING IN DESIGN – AN INTERVIEW STUDY
Authors: Doellken M. , Zimmerer C. , Matthiesen S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe consideration of manufacturing in design is still a challenge for design engineers. This paper presents the results of an interview study, conducted with 15 participants. 4 challenges are identified in this study: Manufacturing-specific knowledge is mostly not sufficient. The design of manufacturing-oriented concepts in terms of costs is difficult. The feasibility of manufacturing is not assessed. The dimension of cost drivers is unknown, hindering optimisation in early stages of design. Based on these results the need for further research emerges regarding the impact of these challenges.
IDENTIFYING THE EFFECT OF REVIEWERS’ EXPERTISE ON DESIGN REVIEW USING VIRTUAL REALITY AND DESKTOP INTERFACE
Authors: Horvat N. , Škec S. , Martinec T. , Lukačević F. , Perišić M. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper suggests that analysing the effect of visualisation technologies during design reviews should include variables related to design reviewers’ expertise and focus on the process variables rather than the outcomes. The experiment showed better averages in terms of design understanding for groups in desktop interface than for groups in virtual reality. However, the observed difference might also be due to experience with the technology. Finally, regardless of the visualisation technology, higher expertise group showed consistently better design understanding than lower expertise groups.
INCONSISTENCY MANAGEMENT FOR PRODUCT FAMILIES WITH MANY VARIANTS THROUGH A MODEL-BASED APPROACH IN MODULAR LIGHTWEIGHT DESIGN
Authors: Hanna M. , Schwenke J. , Krause D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn methodical product development, numerous data are used and linked with each other, especially variant-related data. This paper presents a model-based solution for avoiding inconsistencies in the development of product families with many variants and extends it to modular lightweight design. In addition, the inconsistencies in methodical product development were classified and solution approaches were shown. Thus, inconsistencies can be avoided with the presented elaborated data model for an integrated product and process model based on the presented procedure.
A FORMALISATION APPROACH FOR COLLABORATIVE USER EXPERIENCE DESIGN
Authors: Kerpen D. , Conrad J. , Wallach D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe propose to combine Collaborative User Experience Design (CUXD) projects with the integrated product and process modelling theory CPM/PDD to formalise the CUXD process model. CPM/PDD is discussed as a Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) to describe a product as well as the product development process based on a clear distinction of characteristics and properties. CUXD is presented as a cross-disciplinary, human-centred development model. It focuses on team collaboration, relates to concepts of Design Thinking, Agile Development as well as Lean UX and it highlights user experience metrics.
PROPOSING A GENERALIZED DESCRIPTION OF VARIATIONS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYSTEMS BY THE MODEL OF PGE – PRODUCT GENERATION ENGINEERING
Authors: Albers A. , Rapp S. , Fahl J. , Hirschter T. , Revfi S. , Schulz M. , Stürmlinger T. , Spadinger M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe model of PGE describes the emergence of new systems based on reference by the activities carryover, embodiment and principle variation - qualitatively different manifestations of a transfer process. We investigate indicators which constitute these different manifestations measurably for different types of systems. We propose generalized variation operators to describe system development with respect to different product elements and system types. We use case studies from automotive, production systems and simulation models.
PEVALUATING ENGINEERING DESIGN METHODS: TAKING INSPIRATION FROM SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND THE HEALTH SCIENCES
Authors: Hein A. M. , Lamé G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEngineering design methods are typically evaluated via case studies, surveys, and experiments. Meanwhile, domains such as the health sciences as well as software engineering have developed further powerful evaluation approaches. The objective of this paper is to show how evaluation approaches from the health sciences and software engineering might further the evaluation of engineering design methods. We survey these approaches and show which approaches could be transferred to the evaluation of engineering design methods.
PUTTING USER IN CONTEXT: A PARTICIPATORY DESIGN APPROACH USING A SIMULATED BEACH ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Khayamian Esfahani B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe research outlined in this paper investigated the sun protection behaviour in young men age 18 to 24. Firstly, field observations were conducted on the beach where the sun protection behaviour occurs. The findings highlighted the importance of gender linked with low levels of sun protection behaviour in young men. This informed the next study through participatory design sessions using a simulated beach environment. The results showed design opportunities with taking an account of gender in sun protection behaviour which opens new avenues where design has a key role in health promotion.
ADOPTION OF INSECT-EATING THROUGH PACKAGING DESIGN
Authors: Kauppi S.-M. , van der Schaar S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEdible insects have been introduced as a novel protein source. Although the rationales for insect-eating highlight the urgency of changing diets into more sustainable solutions, there is still a need for better understanding how packaging design is related to adoption of insects. Much consumer research has been conducted to understand the acceptance of insects, but packaging design connected to practices has been given less focus. This article looks at packaging as a medium for stimulating adoption and links an empirical study on analogies for packaging design to practices of eating insects.
RELIABILITY RESEARCH ROADMAPPING WORKSHOP: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Campean F. , Delaux D. , Sharma S. , Bridges J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTransportation industries are the centrepoint for some remarkable transformations driven by technology development and innovation. However, we have seen limited advances on methods to address reliability and resilience challenges emerging with increasingly complex systems and environments. This paper presents the outcomes of an European Reliability Research Roadmapping workshop, collating the views of automotive, aerospace and defence industries to identify current reliability challenges and research gaps and to define directions for future research and skills development.
SOCIOTECHNICAL INNOVATIONS OF SHORT FOOD SYSTEMS CASE STUDY OF THE CITY REGION ILE DE FRANCE
Authors: Serhan H. , Yannou-LeBris G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper relies on four case studies designed as short food systems aimed at coupling production, distribution, and consumption to contribute to the ecological transition of the City-Region Île-de-France. Through documentary research and interviews, we explore the growth strategies and sociotechnical innovations these short food systems implemented, and the links that can be established between these innovations, localism strategies, and the regional sustainable development.
USERS’ SURVEY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PASSENGER DRONES
Authors: Rautray P. , Mathew D. J. , Eisenbart B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe prosperity of any megacities heavily depends on smooth transport systems. In India, however, most cities are failing to keep in step with the growing demands. With new technologies, such as passenger drones, an alternate mode of intra-city transportation seems within reach. For successful development of passenger drones in a diverse country like India, understanding users’ needs are vital. This paper presents the results from a survey of potential users of passenger drones from across India. These are then used to derive concrete recommendations for passenger drones design parameters.
COMPETENCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECODESIGN PRODUCTS
Authors: Kattwinkel D. , Bender B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo respond to today's needs, engineers must be able to develop sustainable and environmentally compatible products and systems. To do so, they have to carry out new or changed activities and tasks within the product development process and therefore have to obtain new or changed competences. This publication examines which specific competences from the competence groups system thinking and communication are especially important for the development of Ecodesign products apart from technical know-how and should thus be included in a future higher education engineering course.
RELEVANCE OF PRODUCT INTEGRATION IN SCALED AGILE MECHATRONIC PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Schrof J. I. , Rathert F. , Paetzold K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIndustrial automotive development differs significantly from ideal agile conditions. Complex development structures, interlinkages between teams and non-functional physical dependencies between components result in agile constraints of scale and physicality. This qualitative study researches the influence of the product integration process on these constraints. The results show, that automotive integration characteristics such as duration, frequency, scope and transparency fail agile requirements and therefore cause constraints. Alternatives regarding IT and process design are discussed.
WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE DESIGN ENGINEERING (SDE)? PERSPECTIVES FROM A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING EDUCATION: M.SC. IN SDE AT AALBORG UNIVERSITY COPENHAGEN
Authors: Valderrama Pineda A. F. , Niero M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSustainable Design Engineering (SDE) is an emerging research field and the development of programmes aiming at educating sustainable design engineers is very limited. One example is the SDE program at the Aalborg University in Copenhagen, which is based on a Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. In this article we aim to address the following three research questions: i) why Sustainable Design Engineering? ii) what is Sustainable Design Engineering? iii) How can Sustainable Design Engineering be implemented? By means of two examples from master thesis projects in the building and food sectors.
BARRIERS AND ENABLERS IN CO-DESIGNING WITH MARGINALISED PEOPLE
Authors: Jagtap S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCo-design with marginalised people is crucial for sustained adoption and use of frugal innovations or Product Service Systems (PSS). Interviews were conducted with eighteen designers to identify barriers and enablers that they encounter in co-designing with marginalised people. The findings suggest that the factors supporting or hindering this co-design relate to the context of marginalised societies, co-design processes and methods, organisational issues, and aspects of collaboration. Consideration of these factors can lead to more impactful co-design with marginalised people.
REASONABLE APPLICATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Chlebusch J. , Köhler I. , Stechert C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAugmented Reality (AR) is to be used extensively in today's digitized teaching in order to enable students to a more efficient learning. However, teaching content must not be only digitised, but must be communicated in a meaningful way. For this purpose, a generally valid flowchart has been developed, that allows lectures to choose the right content for AR experiences. In order to create this flowchart, empirical values from test runs were combined with pedagogically proven empirical values for good teaching.
BUILDING THE HISTORY OF THE FUTURE: A TOOL FOR CULTURE-CENTRED DESIGN FOR THE SPECULATIVE FUTURE
Authors: Dong F. , Sterling S. , Schaefer D. , Forbes H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the authors propose a culture-centred tool called Speculative Ethnography to support the practice of design for the speculative future. Most explorations of tools and techniques of design for the speculative future focus on materialising the speculation. Instead, Speculative Ethnography provides a guideline to help designers define their speculation through the scientific imagination of the plausible future. It ensures the effectiveness of design for the speculative future and supports the interaction of culture and design for the speculative future.
ANALYSING THE EFFECT OF SELF-EFFICACY AND INFLUENCERS ON DESIGN TEAM PERFORMANCE
Authors: Singh H. , Cascini G. , McComb C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSocial media influencers (SMI) are gaining interest and many are studying their influence on the online audience, little is known about the role played by them in offline teams. One such attempt to study the effect of influencers in co-design team is presented in this paper, where individuals who are confident in their abilities drive the team process. Thus, self-efficacy is considered for determining influencer behaviour. Results expose the relationship between self-efficacy and influencer status on the design process, besides briefly highlighting the effects on above-average teams.
INFLUENCE OF THE PRODUCT CONTEXT OF USE ON A HYBRID SPORT-HEALTH SEMANTICS
Authors: Millet A. , Abi Akle A. , Legardeur J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProducts appearances are made of design choices influencing the way products are perceived. Products semantics is a methods used to understand and anticipate this phenomena. Nowadays, consumers consider sport products not only as “sport” but also as “health” products. Designers may then develop them as “sport-health” products. However, perception of “sport-health” products may vary according to the need to fit sport or health context of use. We present in this paper our experimental approach to understand the influence of sport and health contexts on “sport-health” semantics.
CREATIVE THINKING: COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS IMBUED WITH AI
Authors: Wendrich R. E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a test bed for AI technology on the integration of creative AI (CAI) with hybrid design tools (HDTs). The objective is to build and develop tools and programs for creative people (e.g. designers, engineers) to use, whereby the artificial intelligence (AI) software acts as a creative collaborator rather than a mere tool. The goal is to find a set of guiding principles, metaphors and ideas that inform the development of a CAI praxis imbued with computational support tools, new theories, experiments, and applications. Results and findings are presented of early-stage research.
PARADOXICAL TENSION: BALANCING CONTEXTUAL AMBIDEXTERITY
Authors: Vettorello M. , Eisenbart B. , Ranscombe C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe concepts of high-velocity, complexity and interdependency are nowadays vividly discussed in design-led innovation management. Design organisations seek to manage innovation in a more dynamic way to ensure competitive advantage and long-term competitiveness. Contextual ambidexterity is advised to be a dynamic capability that can facilitate firms to effectively manage incremental and radical innovation alike. This paper proposes an approach that focuses on the individual and the underlying thinking which bases its foundations on ambidextrous leadership, abductive reasoning and strategic fit.
COMPARING CONSUMERS’ PRODUCT CARE IN ACCESS AND OWNERSHIP MODELS
Authors: Tunn V. S. C. , Ackermann L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProduct-service systems are circular business models that can potentially extend product lifetimes and reduce resource consumption. However, consumer product care is crucial in these business models. We explore consumer product care of newly bought, second-hand, and accessed bicycles and washing machines through an online survey (n = 212). Our analysis shows lower consumer product care of accessed products compared to ownership. Three strategies could address this; design for care, design to reduce the need for care, contractual conditions to stimulate care or penalise the lack thereof.
EXPLORING HOW EXPERT BEHAVIOURAL DESIGNERS IDEATE IN THE BEHAVIOURAL DESIGN SPACE
Authors: Nielsen C. K. E. B. B. , Daalhuizen J. , Cash P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBehavioural design is a critical means to address challenges surrounding human behaviour. However, practitioners and researcher face difficulties in synthesising relevant perspectives from across fields as behavioural challenges are complex and multi-dimensional. Taking a theory-building approach, this study explore how expert behavioural designers navigate in this complex design space by examining the creative outcome of their current ideation practice. The findings reveal that the designers favour ‘holding’ out of the four identified ideation patterns: holding, shifting, pairing, and mixing.
The ideal structures of self-similar -graph C*-algebras
Authors: LI HUI , YANG DILIAN 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLet$(G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC})$be a self-similar$k$-graph with a possibly infinite vertex set$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}^{0}$. We associate a universal C*-algebra${\mathcal{O}}_{G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}}$to$(G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC})$. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the ideal structures of${\mathcal{O}}_{G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}}$. We prove that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between the set of all$G$-hereditary and$G$-saturated subsets of$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}^{0}$and the set of all gauge-invariant and diagonal-invariant ideals of${\mathcal{O}}_{G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}}$. Under some conditions, we characterize all primitive ideals of${\mathcal{O}}_{G,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}}$. Moreover, we describe the Jacobson topology of some concrete examples, which includes the C*-algebra of the product of odometers. On the way to our main results, we study self-similar$P$-graph C*-algebras in depth.
Whiteness, Power and the Politics of Demographics in the Governance of the Canadian Academy
Authors: Johnson Genevieve Fuji , Howsam Robert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe predominance of Whiteness, and the corresponding lack of representation of people who are both racialized and minoritized, in the governance of universities is a political issue. We present the results from an intersectional diversity audit of central and senior academic administrators at five Canadian universities: Simon Fraser University, University of British Columbia, University of Toronto, University of Victoria and York University. Our findings indicate that racialized men and women are hitting ceilings in the middle administrative ranks. Conversely, we find a notable overrepresentation of White men and women in the senior administrative ranks. Our analysis suggests that White women, unlike racialized women and men, no longer face serious barriers to representation within these senior ranks. These findings raise concerns about processes of racialization that may impede career progress for some but accelerate it for others. They raise concerns about the politics of who lifts whom into the echelons of academic decision making, which in turn has implications for justice, knowledge and social meanings of competency.
My Three Selves
Authors: Pettit Philip 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHaving a self means being able think of myself under a certain profile that that is me: that is who I am, that is how I am. But if I raise the question as to who or how I am, there are three salient profiles in which I can cast myself, three selves with which we can identify. I can see myself just as an agent identified over time by the linkages between my experiences, my attitudes and my actions. I can see myself as the persona that I invite others to rely on and that, if sincere, I internalize. And I can see myself as the figure I cut in other people's eyes, whether or not I welcome that image. Such ambiguities help explain the complexity in philosophical discussion of the self as well as the conflict in everyday exhortations to be ourselves and know ourselves, yet also to forget ourselves and lose ourselves.