bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should it Stay or Should it Go?: A Case Study of Concept Screening in Engineering Design Industry
Authors: Zheng Xuan , Miller Scarlett R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
While we know that poor decisions during concept screening can lead to great expenses including redesign costs, production postponement, and even product failure, little is known about what factors influence professional concept screening. Previous research in this area has mostly been conducted with students or used hypothetical design challenges with professionals. This is problematic because such research methods are based on challengeable assumptions leaving out the risks and consequences that professionals face in their daily work. Hence, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the process of professionals making screening decisions in situ and identify the impact of the perceived properties of ideas (i.e., riskiness, originality, and feasibility) and the role of the professionals (idea generators versus executives) in this process. Specifically, a mixed method in-situ study was conducted in a small electromechanical company which included shadowing a research and development team from the conceptual stage to a final pitch meeting to senior executives. In addition, surveys and interviews were conducted to identify what factors were impacting concept screening. The results showed both idea generators and executives were able to distinguish and move ideas with relatively high market potential forward and avoided taking risks during concept screening. However, the idea generators did not show any preferences on the originality or feasibility of the ideas, while the executives preferred to invest in ideas with high feasibility. The findings of this study drew a distinction between professional design studies solving real design problems in a naturalistic, collocated team environment and those in a laboratory setting and added to the understanding of factors that influence the decisions made during professional concept screening. They also provide a much-needed insight into how engineering design professionals screen ideas.
Do Students Want to Dissect?: A Survey of Student Opinions on the Use of Product Dissection in the Classroom
Authors: Riegel Carolyn , Starkey Elizabeth M. , Hunter Samuel T. , Miller Scarlett R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Product dissection has the ability to create an engaging and active learning environment for engineering students. The purpose of this paper was to further investigate students’ perceptions on product dissection in the classroom. This paper was developed to provide an examination of the usefulness of product dissection for idea generation and how product dissection modules might aid in students’ understanding of the module. The findings of this paper conclude that students felt that the product dissection module was useful, valuable, and enjoyable and that students had a positive sentiment towards the designed aspects of the dissection module. Through the use of content analysis, areas for improvement in these modules are identified.
Robust Observer-Based Load Extenuation Control for Wind Turbines
Authors: Do M. Hung , Söffker Dirk 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Wind energy is currently the fastest growing electricity source. To meet the output demand, wind turbines are becoming larger and more flexible leading to the problems of structural load especially in case of offshore turbines. Advanced control algorithms are developed to reduce the load, allowing to build larger turbines, and expand their lifetime. Observer-based control algorithms such as Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian LQG control which uses LQR to calculate the optimal observer and controller gains are commonly applied to wind turbines in literature. However the approach requires to calculate the observer and control gains separately. In addition, linear models used for parameter calculation may have errors with respect to the nonlinearities of wind turbines and induced to unmodeled dynamical properties. These modeling errors need to be considered to to guarantee the stability of the controlled system. Alternatively a robust design assuming bounds and limits of models have to be realized to guarantee stability while ignoring details of modeling. This paper proposes an optimal robust observer-based state feedback controller for large-scale wind turbines to realize multi objectives, including structural load mitigation and rotor speed regulation. The novel contribution is that the observer gain parameters, control gains, and integral action are optimized at the same time within H∞ mixed sensitivity framework to achieve desired performance with respect to power regulation, structural load mitigation, and also robustness for the wind turbine control system. The control performances have been verified by a high fidelity simulation software and are compared to those of a classical baseline controller.
Word-of-Mouth Recommendations in an Automobile Market System
Authors: Zadbood Amineh , Russo Nicholas , Hoffenson Steven 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Improving design in the context of market systems requires an understanding of how consumers learn about and evaluate competing products. Marketing models frequently assume that consumers choose the product with the highest utility, which provides businesses insights into how to design and price their products to maximize profits. While recent research has shown the impacts of consumer interactions within social networks on their purchasing decisions, they typically model market systems using a top-down approach. This paper applies an agent-based modeling approach with social network models to investigate the extent to which word-of-mouth (WOM) communications are influential in changing consumer preferences and producer market performance. Using a random network, we study the effects of the number of referrals for a product and the degrees of similarity between the senders and receivers of referrals on purchase decisions. In addition, the eigenvector centrality metric is used to analyze the spread of WOM referrals. The simulation results show that the most influential consumers in the network can create significant shifts in the market share, and a statistical analysis reveals a significant change in the system-level metrics of interest for the competing firms when WOM recommendations are included. The findings incentivize producers to invest in supporting their product development efforts with rigorous social networks analysis so as to increase their market success.
A Framework for Automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique Studies
Authors: Renu Rahul Sharan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research proposes a framework for automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) studies. This is done by using data available in assembly work instructions, plant layouts and Product Data Management systems. Specifically, an investigation into the information flow requirements for the automated system is performed. One aspect of the information flow is investigated — mapping assembly work instruction to MOST activities and sequence models. A software is developed from the mapping, which acts as a demonstrator to show the usefulness of decision support during MOST analyses. The demonstrated efficacy warrants future efforts towards implementing the remaining facets of the information flow identified.
Characteristics of Truss Core Created by Origami Forming Method
Authors: Abe Aya , Terada Kosuke , Yashiro Haruki , Hagiwara Ichiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The truss core surpasses the honeycomb core depending on the tasks. The height of core is limited by press forming and so on. Therefore, we developed a method by folding mountain / valley lines like origami. The origami forming method has the feature that it can be done from paper to metal by the same method. By examining three-point bending tests, drop tests, and analyzing them, we show that the structure that space-filled with cores obtained by the origami forming method called ATCP will be a box for both excellent cushioning material and transporting. Moreover, we also show that the core structure obtained by this has excellent sound insulation performance.
A Cloud Computing Architecture to Map Trawling Activities Using Positioning Data
Authors: Galdelli A. , Mancini A. , Tassetti A. N. , Ferrà Vega C. , Armelloni E. , Scarcella G. , Fabi G. , Zingaretti P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Descriptive and spatially-explicit information on fisheries plays a key role for an efficient integrated management of the maritime activities and the sustainable use of marine resources. However, this information is today still hard to obtain and, consequently, is a major issue for implementing Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). Since 2002, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) has been undergoing a major development allowing now for a real time geo-tracking and identification of equipped vessels of more than 15m in length overall (LOA) and, if properly processed, for the production of adequate information for MSP. Such monitoring systems or other low-cost and low-burden solutions are still missing for small vessels (LOA &lt; 12m), whose catches and fishing effort remain spatially unassessed and, hence, unregulated. In this context, we propose an architecture to process vessel tracking data, understand the behaviour of trawling fleets and map related fishing activities. It could be used to process not only AIS data but also positioning data from other low cost systems as IoT sensors that share their position over LoRa and 2G/3G/4G links. Analysis gives back important and verified data (overall accuracy of 92% for trawlers) and opens up development perspectives for monitoring small scale fisheries, helping hence to fill fishery data gaps and obtain a clearer picture of the fishing grounds as a whole.
A Novel Reconfigurable Wheel-Legged Mobile Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Hongchuan , Zhang Xianmin , Huang Yanjiang , Du Junjie , Zhu Benliang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a novel wheel-legged mobile robot with a reconfigurable frame, which uses a compliant kaleidocycles inspired spring-hinged eight-bar mechanism. The kinematic model of the mechanism is established and the relationships between actual rotation angle and the joint angles is thoroughly obtained in the spherical coordinate system. According to the analysis of the multivariable potential energy surface, the relationship among multistable performance, under-actuated behavior and potential mechanism energy is studied. On account of under-actuated kinematic relationship and multistability of the proposed mechanism, a cable-driven approach is used and its feasibility is finally verified by the experiment of the prototype robot.
Conversion Model for the Design of Steel and Polymer S-Gears
Authors: Zorko Damijan , Černe Borut , Duhovnik Jože , Žavbi Roman , Tavčar Jože 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The existing models for the conversion and design of polymer gears are only valid for involute gears. This research was focused on S-gears, a specific type of gear profile which has more favorable contact conditions and greater root thickness when compared to involute gears. S-gears design is currently based on tests, experience, and the use of numerical simulations. Due to the lack of a simple calculation model for designing S-gears, there is a limited number of applications in practice. The goal was to set up a model for the evaluation of the root and flank load-carrying capacity of polymer S-gears. The VDI 2736 guideline was taken as the basis of our conversion model for polymer S-gears. With the introduction of new factors for the calculation of root and flank stress, the VDI 2736 model was upgraded to take into account the specific shape of the S-gear profile. In addition, a model for designing steel S-gears was set up.
Fire Detection Using Both Infrared and Visual Images With Application to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Forest Fire Surveillance
Authors: Yuan Chi , Liu Zhixiang , Hossain Anim , Zhang Youmin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Forest fires are a universal problem that destroy a large amount of natural resources and creates environmental pollution. Forest firefighting is one of today’s most important events for natural and environmental resources protection and conservation. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with remote sensing system can offer a rapid, safe and low-cost approach for effective forest fire detection which have attracted researchers attention worldwide. In this paper, automatic detection of fire regions using both visual and infrared images is investigated. In order to improve the computational performance to satisfy the requirement of real-time processing, a reduced complexity fusion method is adopted in this research. Through testing the proposed approach on real video sequences, good detection performance is achieved and it is indicated that using multi-modal camera system to detect forest fire with application to firefighting UAV is very promising.
Graded Origami Honeycomb Tube for Energy Absorption
Authors: de Waal Leo , You Zhong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
When loaded parallel to the prismatic cells (out-of-plane), honeycombs and re-entrant honeycombs exhibit high initial stiffness and peak force, followed by a force reduction as progressive failure occurs. The high initial peak force and large post-peak force reduction are undesirable for energy absorption purposes. In this study a graded honeycomb structure based on origami is proposed in an effort to lower the peak force, increase the energy absorption capacity and tune the stiffness throughout the loading process. The grading is achieved through a developable origami crease pattern that utilises the typical honeycomb expansion manufacturing technique. The crease pattern has one degree of freedom and is constructed from a repetition of a modified Miura-ori unit. A kinematic study of the crease pattern is completed, highlighting the simple geometric parameters that can be altered to tune the structure. Quasi-static numerical simulations are then used to investigate the interaction between these simple geometric parameters, the energy absorption capacity and the stiffness throughout the loading process. Compared to honeycomb and re-entrant honeycomb tubes, it has been found that a reduction in the peak force, increase in energy absorption capacity and tunable stiffness can be achieved.
Simulation of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System for Generating Electrical Power From Pressurized Gas
Authors: Cunningham Andrew , Jensen Brian D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to energy scavenging for a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device to convert the energy stored in pressurized gas into electrical power. The proposed design uses input pressure to move a piston and magnet through a set of coils while pulling on another mass through non-linear springs to open and close the input air valve. The model demonstrates that the design is capable of staying in motion with continual input pressure (up to at least a time stamp of 1 second), and that an average power output of 9.47 μW over 5 ms can be achieved. We suggest that further research be done to optimize the design parameters and that the optimized design be used to the test the system.
Theoretical Study on the Influence of Planet Gear Rim Thickness and Bearing Clearance on Calculated Bearing Life
Authors: Fingerle Andreas , Hochrein Jonas , Otto Michael , Stahl Karsten 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Planetary gearboxes are becoming more popular due to their high power density and potentially high efficiency. When the planet bearings are internally mounted, the body of the planet gear has to be hollow. The demand for large outer diameters due to high load requirements might result in a small planet rim thickness. Depending on the rim thickness, its rigidity may become very low. Due to the low stiffness and the special load conditions caused by the double meshing, the deformation of the planet and its bearings are unique. In this paper, the influence of rim thickness on bearing load and lifetime are examined. The analysis is performed with an FEM model of a planet rim with a built-in cylindrical roller bearing. With the resulting planet deformation from the FEM calculation, the load distribution on the rolling elements in the bearing and the bearing lifetime according to ISO/TS 16281:2008 have been evaluated.
Optimal Design of Thermo-Compression Bonding for Advanced Packaging System Under Uncertainty
Authors: Hwang Sungkun , Choi Seung-Kyum 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the trend of miniaturization of electronic components has grown, demands for advanced microelectronics packaging development have also increased. At the same time, however, this trend raises concerns of unreliable assembly processes that are caused by defective packaging interconnections. In particular, the defects can be induced by non-coplanarity and unpredictable structural deformation of interconnections. When a slope of the die exceeds a certain degree, connectivity between components in the package may fail, which results in warpage or electrical power loss. To control this issue, thermo-compression bonding has been developed to globally apply heat and pressure into the die while the substrate is maintained at a low stage temperature. Therefore, in order to effectively handle these issues, strongly coupled thermal and structural analysis is inevitable. In this research, a simulation-based optimal design of thermo-compression bonding is developed to achieve better packaging reliability in the time transient domain. The proposed framework clearly demonstrates how the multivariate uncertain parameters can be generated. Also, it suggests how the multivariate uncertainty can be propagated through the classification approach, i.e., artificial neural network. The classification approach is then utilized to estimate the reliability of the system. The efficacy of the proposed framework is demonstrated with a practical example of an advanced packaging system which is utilized in actual commercial products. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how the strong coupling optimization method can be utilized in the actual packaging system.
Quantum Mechanical Perspectives in Reliability Engineering and System Design
Authors: Pandey Vijitashwa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Engineering design under uncertainty is an established field. Attempts to extricate the human decision maker from the process generally do not succeed. Surprisingly, even the determination of system parameters and their admissible values needs as many interventional steps from human designers and operators, as the selection of final attributes of the system that the human end user is expected to only interact and be concerned with. In this light, it becomes important to consider the mathematical models that would explain and model the decision making behavior of human beings. Concerningly, this behavior has been seen to violate common sense probability axioms. In this paper, we propose an earnest look at the mathematics of quantum mechanical theory in modeling and manipulating the uncertainties involved in engineering systems. We propose that the state of a system be modeled as a point in an abstract complex vector space as in quantum mechanics. Additionally, at a given point in time it can be interpreted as a superposition of multiple pure states. This change in perspective allows explanation of many commonly observed behaviors, least of which is the inconsistencies in defining what constitutes the failure of a system. We present our approach in the context of reliability engineering as it sees some of the most prevalent use of uncertainty modeling and propagation techniques. However, the implications on design and design theory are also evident. Some motivating examples are provided and directions for future work are identified.
IISC DBox: A Game for Children to Learn Design Thinking
Authors: Bhatt Apoorv Naresh , Bhaumik Rahul , Moothedath Chandran Kumari , Chakrabarti Amaresh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Design thinking (DT) can be a valuable tool for nurturing problem-solving abilities in school children. The objective of the paper is two-fold. The first is to evaluate the effectiveness of the DT process as a potential tool for open-ended problem-solving for school children; the second is to test the effectiveness of gamification of the DT process in terms of the extent of comprehension and learning of the process enabled by gamification. The paper presents a framework for IISC, a Design Thinking Process developed by the authors, and compares two gamified models of the DT process against one another using empirical studies that involved school children in the age-range of 14 to 18 (8th to 12th years of their twelve years of school education) playing the games. Feedback from the students and their mentors during the game was used as data for evaluation. The paper also discusses the limitations identified and suggested improvements of the two gamified models, and implications of these for designing more effective games.
Development of Three-Nozzle Extrusion System for Conformal Multi-Resolution 3D Printing With a Robotic Manipulator
Authors: Yoon Yeo Jung , Yon Minsok , Jung Sung Eun , Gupta Satyandra K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using a 6-DOF robotic manipulator for material extrusion additive manufacturing (AM) enables conformal printing onto complex surfaces while orienting material fibers at desired directions. Compared to a traditional 3D printer, conformal printing can produce parts with good surface finish, less number of layers and enhanced mechanical properties. In this paper, we present a three-nozzle extrusion system which can be attached to a robot. This system allows the robot to achieve conformal 3D printing with multi-resolution. One extruder is for printing support materials and the other two extruders are for fabricating structural material with different resolutions. The interior regions of the part are fabricated with a bigger diameter nozzle and the surface of the part is printed with a smaller diameter nozzle. This multi-resolution printing not only speeds up the build times but also produces the good surface finish. In previous work, we demonstrated multi-resolution 3D printing using two robots. The contributions of this paper are design and fabrication of a three-nozzle extrusion system, calibration process for the system, and its validation. The validation of the calibration was done by printing linear and circular patterns using different nozzles, and evaluating relative dimensional accuracy. This work will enable a single robot to perform multi-resolution conformal 3D printing.
Piezoelectric Subordinate Oscillator Arrays: Performance Recovery and Robustness to Uncertainty
Authors: Sterling John , Paruchuri Sai Tej , Tarazaga Pablo , Vignola Joseph , Kurdila Andrew , Malladi Vijaya V. N. Sriram , Ryan Teresa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Prior work demonstrates that an attached subordinate oscillator array (SOA) can attenuate vibration of a host structure. The distribution of masses and stiffnesses of the attached oscillators can craft a flat frequency response over a desired band. This response modification can be a significant improvement over classical dynamic vibration absorbers (DVA) that attenuate response at one target frequency while increasing the frequency response amplitude at nearby side frequencies. Performance of the SOA can be highly sensitive to the uncertainty or disorder in the mechanical properties of the system. This paper shows that use of piezolectric SOAs (PSOAs) has the potential to address and ameliorate such sensitivity to off-design situations. It is important to note that the design strategy is simple and effective: it can be carried out without optimization techniques by choosing simple or well-known distributions of electromechanical properties.