bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Broader Economic Value of School Feeding Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Estimating the Multi-Sectoral Returns to Public Health, Human Capital, Social Protection, and the Local Economy
Authors: Verguet Stéphane , Limasalle Paulina , Chakrabarti Averi , Husain Arif , Burbano Carmen , Drake Lesley , Bundy Donald A. P. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Globally, there are 370 million children receiving school meals every day. Coverage is least in low-income countries, where the need is greatest and where program costs are viewed as high in comparison with the benefits to public health alone. Here we explore the policy implications of including the returns of school feeding to other sectors in an economic analysis.Methods: We develop an economic evaluation methodology to estimate the costs and benefits of school feeding programs across four sectors: health and nutrition; education; social protection; and the local agricultural economy. We then apply this multi-sectoral benefit-cost analytical framework to school feeding programs in 14 countries (Botswana, Brazil, Cape Verde, Chile, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Ghana, India, Kenya, Mali, Mexico, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa) for which input data are readily available.Results: Across the 14 countries, we estimate that 190 million schoolchildren benefit from school feeding programs, with total program budgets reaching USD11 billion per year. Estimated annual human capital returns are USD180 billion: USD24 billion from health and nutrition gains, and USD156 billion from education. In addition, school feeding programs offer annual social protection benefits of USD7 billion and gains to local agricultural economies worth USD23 billion.Conclusions: This multi-sectoral analysis suggests that the overall benefits of school feeding are several times greater than the returns to public health alone, and that the overall benefit-cost ratio of school feeding programs could vary between 7 and 35, with particular sensitivity to the value of local wages. The scale of the findings suggests that school feeding programs are potentially much more cost-beneficial when viewed from the perspective of their multi-sectoral returns, and that it would be worthwhile following up with more detailed analyses at the national level to enhance the precision of these estimates.
Atrás de nós
Authors: Oliveira Sergio Ricardo Alves de 
Published: December 2020

Moishe Postone, que foi Professor Emérito Thomas E. Donnelley de História Moderna e do Centro de Estudos Judaicos da University of Chicago, faleceu em março de 2018 após uma longa batalha contra o câncer. Editor fundador da revista Critical historical studies, tornou-se mais conhecido por sua importante e nova interpretação de Marx em Tempo, trabalho e dominação social[1]. Sua morte é uma grande perda; sentiremos profundamente a ausência de seu espírito e de sua pessoa.
Na primavera de 2015, encontramo-nos com o professor Postone para conversar sobre tudo, menos Marx. Nossa conversa se concentrou em autores lidos no Ciclo Básico de Ciências Sociais (CBCS) que ministrou de 1990 a 2016, o “Indivíduo, Cultura e Sociedade”. O professor Postone constituiu a maior influência formativa no currículo “Indivíduo, Cultura e Sociedade” durante seu período como titular, e advogou intensamente pelos conhecimentos das Humanidades.
Todos os graduandos da University of Chicago devem cursar um ano de CBCS. “Indivíduo, Cultura e Sociedade” (“Indivíduo”) é um dos três ciclos mais populares de CBCS da universidade; os outros – “Clássicos do Pensamento Social e Político” (“Clássicos”) e “Poder, Identidade e Resistência” (“Poder”) serão mencionados abaixo.

[1] N. do T.: Ver POSTONE, Moishe. Tempo, trabalho e dominação social: uma reinterpretação da teoria crítica de Marx. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2014.
The Tourist Typology in Cultural Tourism in Turkey: Flâneur and Choraster
Authors: Yılmaz Lale 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the existence and validity of the flâneurconcept in terms of cultural tourism is discussed. In addition to this concept, chorasteris the second concept to be considered in terms of the inclusion of increased tourist perception. W. Benjamin speaks of flâneurin his writings which are put together under the name of the Passages. The Flâneuris a ‘modern urban traveler’ with a brief description and it is defined as “thinker-traveler”. He/She has a routine and endless exploration of the streets and passages with the start of the modernize in Paris in the 19th century. The discovery of Flâneuris repeated every day, rediscovering the urban fabric and structures. The definition of tourist can be associated with the concept of flâneur. The tourist comes up with two content; the person who tries to know this city where he is a foreigner for a while and the second one is trying to get to know the city with his / her foreigner routes even though he lives. The concept of chorasterdefines the person who experiences the experience of tourism with the time and space dimension by establishing interest in the place. The origin of the word chorasteris deriving from chora, in Greek and it means rural place and/or outdoor. In the tourism area, the tourist described as chorasterindicates his/her the interest and activity about destination during the visit.
Cultural tourism has been a part of mass tourism in recent years. As well as in the world in Turkey, selective groups of tourists interested in the distinctly cultural tourism in terms of the conceptual area. The main aim of this study is intended to demonstrate the determination of the existence and development of the two concepts in cultural tourism of Turkey.
Through this study, the concepts of flâneurand chorasterwill be defined in terms of tourist groups of the participator of the cultural tourism in İstanbul, Turkey. It would be a contribution to the cultural tourism literature in a new light of conceptual content.
Keywords:Cultural tourism. Tourist.Turkey. Flâneur. Choraster.
Application of the Open Data Kit for Data Collection Presence of Primary School Teachers
Authors: Purbasari Ayi , Gusdya Wanda , Mulyanto Ferry , Nurlatifah Vina Fitria 
Published: December 2020

The Open Data Kit (ODK) originated as a google.org initiative where research efforts were focused on applying technology to assist developing countries in the health and environment sectors. ODK is an open-source tool that helps organizations, writers / researchers, field workers, and manage mobile data collection solutions. Its goal is to create open-source and standards-based tools that are easy to try, easy to use, easy to modify and easy to measure.
This research was conducted to help teachers and Korwil Operators to collect and manage teacher attendance data at each elementary school in Ciater sub-district by utilizing the Open Data Kit as a medium for collecting and managing primary school teacher attendance data. This research was conducted by conducting literature studies, interviews and observations, and studying the use of the Open Data Kit. Furthermore, the stages will be carried out to define the needs of analysis, design and implementation.
The final result of this research is a presence data collection application that utilizes the Open Data Kit as a medium consisting of ODK Collect as a data collection tool and ODK Aggregate as a tool for managing data.
The effect of plasmonic multilayered photoanode structures on the absorption of dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Rehman Anees Ur , Khan Mahmood , Khan Adnan Daud , Ahmad Raja Arsalan , Aslam Muhammad , Khan Suliman , Imran Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have recently gained much attention, due to the low-cost materials and their cheaper manufacturing techniques. However, these cells show a weak response to incident solar photons, resulting in poor power-conversion efficiency. In this paper, we described an improvement to the optical absorption efficiency of DSSCs in the wavelength range between 350 nm and 750 nm using the surface plasmon-resonance effect of plasmonic nanoparticles. Three different structures are studied, including unilayer, bilayer, and trilayer photoanodes based on various core–shell plasmonic spherical nanoparticles made of Ag@TiO2. In all structures, the nanoparticle size is optimized to obtain broadband optical absorption. The absorption efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell is significantly improved, from 65.2% to 72.3%, by tuning the photoanode structure from unilayer to trilayer. The results show that a unilayer photoanode with smaller-sized nanoparticles leads to higher absorption, compared to larger sizes. The UV–vis results indicate that mixing large- and small-sized nanoparticles in bi- and trilayer photoanodes is a good approach for improving the light-harvesting efficiency of DSSCs, compared to uniformly distributed nanoparticles. A maximum short-circuit current density of 17.32 mA cm−2 is recorded for a photoanode based on a trilayer structure of Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles.
Utilization of Power Setting in Monopolar Electrosurgery Unit With Additional Blend Modes
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Roni , Indrato Tri Bowo , Rahmawati Triana 
Published: December 2020

Electrosurgery unit has the purpose of damaging certain body tissues by heating the tissue. In this study there are several modes and also power selection. The contribution of this research is to design the power management and also the addition of several modes for the surgical process. Electrosurgery Unit involves the use of IC CMOS 4069 as a frequency generator. The frequency output is set at 250 KHz and then passed on to the pulse regulator circuit and controlled by using Arduino and then forwarded to the inverter circuit which functions to increase the voltage and output in the form of power. Modules are calibrated using ESU Analyzer. This module is equipped with a selection of LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH power. And also there are some additional modes including Blend 1 and Blend 2. After the measurement is carried out, the voltage values ​​obtained at the setting of low, medium high, on the inverter input with a value on Blend 1 mode low 80 V with an error of 0.84%, Medium 90 V with error 0.84%, High 104 V with an error of 0.81%, in Blend 2 mode low 84 V with an error of 0.83%, Medium 86 V with a error of 0.85%, High 105 V with an error of 0.81%, the Cutting mode is low 162 V with an error of 2.88%, medium 172 V with an error of 3.03%, High 192 V with an error of 2.86%. The measurement shows an error of less than 1% for Blend 1 and Blend 2 modes while cutting is less than 3%. The results of this study can be implemented in order to minimize errors due to lack of power settings and mode selection during surgery.
BARONG LANDUNG: AKULTURASI BUDAYA BALI DAN TIONGHOA
Authors: Sari Ni Made Ayu Erna Tanu Ria 
Published: December 2020

Aktivitas keagamaan masyarakat Bali senantiasa berhubungan dengan seni tari Bali memiliki banyak jenis tari-tarian. Tari barong banyak dijumpai di Bali dengan beberapa jenisnya, salah satunya Barong Landung yang merupakan perwujudan manusia atau raksasa. Inilah kemudian oleh masyarakat Bali dimaknai sebagai suatu kekuatan yang diyakini memberikan keselamatan. Permasalahan penelitian difokuskan pada sejarah munculnya Barong Landung, Barong Landung sebagai simbol keterkaitan Pura Dalem Balingkang dengan Barong Landung. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis pada data wawancara, observasi, dan data sekunder. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Barong Landung adalah perwujudan dari sang Maha Pencipta itu sendiri, yang oleh undagi di masa lalu tentu diwujudkan sesuai dengan keadaan zamannya ketika itu, yakni ketika sedang hangat-hangatnya perkawinan antarbudaya Cina dan Bali. Pesona tarian ini umumnya hanya bisa dinikmati pada momen-momen khusus seperti hari besar keagamaan di Bali biasa disebut Piodalan yang dilangsungkan di pura-pura tertentu.
DESCAMINHOS E DESESPERANÇA: O BRASIL DE LUIZ RUFFATO EM VERÃO TARDIO / Aimless and hopelessness: the Brazilian middle classes in the novel Verão Tardio
Authors: Passiani Enio 
Published: December 2020

O romance O verão tardio, do escritor mineiro Luiz Ruffato, organiza-se a partir de duas linhas de força, as classes médias nacionais e a temporalidade, sendo que esta última emoldura e define a primeira, ambas articuladas pela voz narrativa do personagem central, Oséias, cuja modulação figura, ao mesmo tempo, o distanciamento entre as classes sociais, incapazes de se reconhecer mutuamente, e o processo de desintegração das porções menos favorecidas de tais estratos médios, resultado de um processo de reprodução do capital que prescinde da própria força de trabalho dos trabalhadores.Palavras-chave: Romance brasileiro contemporâneo; Luiz Ruffato; Classes sociais; Classes médias; Formação da sociedade brasileira.AbstractThe novel O verão tardio, by Luiz Ruffato, is organized from two lines of force, the national middle classes and temporality, this latter framing and defining the first, both articulated by the narrative voice of the central character, Oseias, whose modulation at the same time figures the distancing between social classes, unable to recognize each other, and the process of disintegration of the less favored portions of such middle strata, the result of a process of capital reproduction that does not require the workers' own workforce.Keywords: Contemporary brazilian romance; Luiz Ruffato; Social classes; Middle classes; Formation of brazilian society.
SEREIAS DISTÓPICAS. UM ENSAIO SOBRE A RELEVÂNCIA DA DISTOPIA NAS CRIAÇÕES ARTÍSTICAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS PORTUGUESAS / Dystopian mermaids: an essay on the relevance of dystopia in contemporary Portuguese artistic creations
Authors: Guerra Paula 
Published: December 2020

No seu ensaio intitulado Amanhã chegam as águas (2005), Rui Zink declara que o “mar avança, alagando territórios da Europa, onde já não há países. As decisões são tomadas pela Nova Bruxelas”. Portugal é - no momento da narração - apenas uma estreita “fímbria de terra”. Ora, inspirados por esta incisão distópica, iremos abordar as canções integrantes do álbum cognominado O país a arder lançado em 2019 pela banda Sereias. Ao trabalho que aqui apresentamos esteve subjacente uma finalidade assente num princípio heurístico primordial: o de demonstrar de que forma as manifestações artísticas – neste caso, em particular, estas canções – constituem, elas próprias, matéria e objeto de intervenção social, demarcando um espaço próprio, definido e específico na revelação de problemáticas sociais e na reprodução dos problemas que atravessam a realidade social.Palavras-Chave: Canção; Identidades; Distopia; Pop-rock; Portugal.AbstractIn his essay entitled Tomorrow the waters arrive (2005), Rui Zink declares that the “sea advances, flooding territories in Europe, where there are no countries anymore. Decisions are made by New Brussels”. Portugal is - at the moment of the narration - just a narrow “land border”. Now, inspired by this dystopian incision, we will approach the songs that are part of the album known as O País a arder (The country on fire) released in 2019 by the band Sereias. The work presented here was based on a primordial heuristic principle: to demonstrate how artistic manifestations - in this case, in particular, these songs - constitute themselves, matter and object of social intervention, demarcating their own space, defined in the revelation of social problems and in the reproduction of the problems that cross social reality.Keywords: Song; Identities; Dystopia; Pop-rock; Portugal.
IDENTIDADE E RESISTÊNCIA: UM OLHAR ACERCA DA GENEALOGIA DA ARTE DA PERFORMANCE NEGRA / Identity and resistance: a look at the genealogy of black the art of performance
Authors: Rocco de Gasperi Marcelo Eduardo 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo analisa algumas noções de performatividade traçando um breve panorama acerca do surgimento da arte da performance negra nos Estados Unidos a partir dos anos 70, problematizando as experiências estéticas e autobiográficas, visando mostrar certos experimentos que contribuíram para a consolidação de novos pensamentos acerca de parte da identidade negra na contemporaneidade. Evidentemente, este trabalho não busca traçar resultados conclusivos, mas sim, ampliar possíveis discussões sobre o objeto de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Identidade; Performatividade; A arte da performance; Visibilidade; Resistencia.AbstractThis article analyzes the notions of performativity by giving a brief overview of the emergence of black artistic performance in the United States from the 1970s on, problematizing the autobiographical aesthetic experiences in order to show certain experiments that contributed to the consolidation of new thoughts about black identity in contemporary times. Of course, this work does not seek to draw conclusive results, but rather to broaden possible discussions about the research object.Keywords: Identity; Performativity; Artistic performance; Visibility; Resistance.
PONTE BEZERRA DA SILVA A ARTE PÚBLICA PROVOCANDO O SENSO COMUM / Bezerra da Silva’s bridge Public art provoking common sense
Authors: Sanches Pilar Pinheiro 
Published: December 2020

Em 2012, o Coletivo Transverso realizou uma intervenção em Brasília que consistiu em uma espécie de “rebatismo” de uma ponte chamada, até então, “Costa e Silva”, renomeando-a para “Bezerra da Silva”. Essa provocação, “renomear” uma ponte, teria qual significado dentro do contexto urbano? Entendendo como arte pública esse tipo de proposta artística que deposita na interação com o público sua própria condição de existência, faremos uma análise da obra “ponte Bezerra da Silva” e de seus desdobramentos nos espaços da cidade, a fim de refletir a respeito do alcance político que esse tipo de obra de arte dispõe. Partindo do entendimento de que toda obra de arte é política, uma vez que nunca é fundada em um terreno neutro, compreendemos que a arte está sempre trabalhando na reprodução ou na desarticulação de uma dada hegemonia.Palavras-chave: Arte pública; Coletivo Transverso; Espaços públicos; Ponte Bezerra da Silva. Abstract In 2012, Coletivo Transverso carried out an intervention in Brasília that consisted of a kind of “rebaptism” of a bridge called, until then, “Costa e Silva”, renaming it to “Bezerra da Silva”. Does this provocation, "renaming" a bridge, have any meaning in the urban context? Understanding as public art this type of artistic proposal that deposits in the interaction with the public its own condition of existence, since it participates in its creation process, we will analyze the work “ponte Bezerra da Silva” and its unfolding in the spaces of in order to reflect on the political scope that this type of work of art has. Starting from the understanding that every work of art is political, since it is never founded on a neutral ground, we understand that art is always working on the reproduction or disarticulation of a given hegemony.Keywords: Public Art; Coletivo Transverso; Public spaces; Bezerra da Silva's bridge.
Pengaruh Berbagai Probiotik Cair Terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Protein dan Kecernaan Protein Serta Bobot Telur Puyuh
Authors: Tugiyanti Elly , Susanti Emmy , Mugiyono Sigit , Saputri Puput Trisniarindi , Paramita Nandya Restu , Mutakin Imron 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh berbagai probiotik cair terhadap konsumsi pakan, konsumsi protein, kecernaan protein, bobot badan dan bobot telur puyuh. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah burung puyuh betina berumur 30 hari sebanyak 100 ekor, 3 jenis probiotik cair komersial, dan pakan dengan kandungan protein 22,16%, Ca 0,11%, P 0,55% dan energi metabolisme 3032,5 kcal / kg. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah P0: air minum tanpa probiotik, P1: air minum diberikan probiotik Probio 2ml/l, P2: air minum diberi probiotik Vitanimal 2ml/l, dan P3: air minum diberi probiotik EM4 2ml/l. Setiap perlakuan diulang 5 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puyuh perlakuan P0 mengkonsumsi air minum rata-rata 49,03 ml / ekor / hari, P1 sebanyak 51,83 ml / ekor / hari, P2 sebanyak 50,68 ml / ekor / hari dan P3 sebanyak 48,66 ml / ekor / hari. Perlakuan berbagai probiotik cair perpengaruh tidak nyata (P> 0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, konsumsi protein, kecernaan protein dan berat telur puyuh. Kesimpulannya, probiotik cair komersial sebanyak 2ml/liter air minum belum mampu pengoptimalkan konsumsi pakan, konsumsi protein, kecernaan protein dan bobot telur puyuh.
Analisis Kelayakan Finansial pada Usaha Pembibitan Tanaman Hias di Kelurahan Lalosabila Kecamatan Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Ulyasniati Ulyasniati , Haris Suriana 
Published: December 2020

Lokasi pelaksanaan studi kasus dilakukan di Kelurahan Lalosabila Kecamatan Wawotobi Kabupaten Konawe Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Waktu pelaksanaan studi kasus orientasi pendahuluan dilakukan pada bulan September-Oktober 2017, waktu pelaksanaan kajian pada bulan Februari-April, sedang waktu pelaksanaan penyuluhan pada bulan Mei 2018.
Analisis penyajian data secara deskriptif analisis, artinya prosedur pemecahan masalah yang diselidiki menggambarkan keadaan obyek kajian berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang ada sekarang. Dalam menganalisis data dan untuk mencapai kesimpulan yang diinginkan apakah usaha yang dilakukan layak berdasarkan analisis finansial untuk dikembangkan dengan menyertakan peghitungan biaya dan pendapatan serta kentungan yang diperoleh selama 3 tahun terakhir (2016 s/d 2018). Perangkat analisis yang digunakan yaitu:Net Present Value (NPV) Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C).
Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman hias pada usaha pembibitan tanaman hias di Kelurahan Lalosabila Kecamatan Wawotobi layak untuk dikembangkan karena benefit cost rasio dari ketiga jenis tanaman sampel >1. Tanaman hias juga memberikan keuntungan dengan hasil bersih (net benefit) yang diterima selama 3 tahun sebesar Rp.52.565.000-, dengan nilai sekarang (NPV) sebesar Rp. 27.291.200-, dengan memperhitungkan bahwa tingkat bunga adalah adalah 25% tiap tahun selama 3 tahun, dan IRR>SOOC.
Cosmic-Ray Tracks in Astrophysical Ices: Modeling with the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo Toolkit
Authors: Shingledecker Christopher N. , Incerti Sebastien , Ivlev Alexei , Emfietzoglou Dimitris , Kyriakou Ioanna , Vasyunin Anton , Caselli Paola 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cosmic rays are ubiquitous in interstellar environments, and their bombardment of dust-grain ice mantles is a possible driver for the formation of complex, even prebiotic molecules. Yet, critical data that are essential for accurate modeling of this phenomenon, such as the average radii of cosmic-ray tracks in amorphous solid water (ASW) remain unconstrained. It is shown that cosmic-ray tracks in ASW can be approximated as a cylindrical volume with an average radius that is mostly independent of the initial particle energy. Interactions between energetic ions and both low-density amorphous (LDA) and high-density amorphous (HDA) ice targets are simulated using the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo toolkit, which allows for tracking secondary electrons down to subexcitation energies in the material. We find the peak track-core radii, r
cyl, for LDA and HDA ices to be 9.9 nm and 8.4 nm, respectively—somewhat less than double the value of 5 nm often assumed in astrochemical models.