bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia as a rare complication of interventional closure of ventricular spetal defect and its treatment by radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Cao Jing , Xu Qian , Liu Yanbo , Yi Jun , Shi Ruizheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Trans-catheter closure of peri-membranous ventricular septal defects (VSDs) using Amplatzer-Type devices, has been widely reported in the past decade. We hereby report a rare complication of frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (PVT) sustained 48 days after the closure of VSD.More importantly, the arrhythmias were successfully treated with radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) after medical therapy failed to restore and maintain sinus rhythm.

Patient concerns:
We reported an 8-year-old boy with frequent PVCs and PVT sustained 48 days after the closure of VSD. The boy has no palpitation, chest distress and other uncomfortable symptoms.

Diagnosis:
This patient was diagnosed as frequent PVCs and PVT by Holter monitoring for 24 hours.

Interventions:
RFCA was administered.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged 48 hours with no complication and remained asymptomatic 12 months after the ablation.

Conclusion:
Radiofrequency ablation helps treat PVCs and PVT in children and has a higher efficacy in restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm.
Diagnosis of drowning using postmortem computed tomography combined with endoscopic autopsy
Authors: Wang Zhuoqun , Ma Kaijun , Zou Donghua , Liu Ningguo , Li Zhengdong , Shao Yu , Chen Yijiu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Postmortem forensic imaging technologies provide a noninvasive/minimally invasive approach for imaging of internal organ structures of the human body to detect injuries, diseases, and other morphologic changes. Currently, postmortem forensic imaging methods have been widely used in determination of the cause of death. However, these methods do not allow histologic examinations. Endoscopic autopsy emerged in the 1990s. Thoracoscopy and laparoscopy are mainly used to examine organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavity. Target tissues are also sampled for histologic examination. By combining postmortem forensic imaging with endoscopic autopsy, comprehensive examination of the corpse, organs, and sampling for histologic examination can be carried out.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old woman was witnessed jumping into the river, sinking after struggling in the water. The body was found 24 hours later and confirmed with no vital signs. No preexisting medical conditions were known.

Diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes:
Postmortem computed tomography, target coronary postmortem computed tomography angiography, and endoscopic autopsy were performed before conventional autopsy. Laparoscopic examination was used to examine the abdominal organs. The diaphragm and pericardium were cut open from the abdominal cavity to allow access to the examination of lungs and heart. Tissue samples were collected from various organs for histologic examination, and a diatom test was carried out on lung samples. Postmortem computed tomography revealed fluid in the paranasal sinuses, airways, stomach, and duodenum; emphysema aquosum; and mosaic pattern of the lung parenchyma. Endoscopic examination additionally detected Paltauf spots. The results were consistent with those of conventional autopsy. Histologic examination revealed pulmonary congestion, pulmonary edema, pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and congestion in multiple organs such as the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Diatoms were detected in lung tissues, which were identical in morphology to diatoms in water samples collected from the scene. The cause of death was determined as drowning.

Conclusion:
Combining forensic imaging and endoscopic autopsy for postmortem examination yields a more comprehensive and scientific finding, and the combination is minimally invasive and more acceptable to the family members. This method can be used as an alternative for conventional autopsy under specific circumstances.
Low-grade albuminuria is associated with hearing loss in non-diabetic US males
Authors: Wang Tang-Chuan , Chang Ta-Yuan , Salvi Richard , Juan Chun-Jung , Liu Yi-Wen , Chang Chia-Hao , Chiu Chien-Jen , Lin Chia-Der , Tsai Ming-Hsui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
High levels of albuminuria have been demonstrated to associate with hearing loss in non-diabetic people, while the clinical impact of low-grade albuminuria has attracted less attention. This cross-sectional population-based study aimed to examine whether hearing loss in non-diabetic United States (US) adults is independently associated with low-grade albuminuria or reduced estimated glomeruli filtration rate (eGFR).
A total of 2518 participants aged 20 to 69 years were selected from the US National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey database. Participants with diabetes or high-grade albuminuria were excluded. Hearing loss was assessed using low-frequency pure-tone average (LFPTA) thresholds (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 kHz) and high-frequency pure-tone average (HFPTA) thresholds (3.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 kHz). Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between renal function indicators and hearing loss.
The median age of included participants was 37.4 years, and 55% of them were female. Multivariate analysis revealed that participants with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in the highest tertile had a significantly higher risk of hearing loss (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.01–3.19) and higher HFPTA thresholds (β: 2.23; SE: 0.77). Participants with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 had higher LFPTA thresholds (β: 4.31; SE: 1.79). After stratification by sex, a significant risk remained only for males in the highest UACR tertile, with 2.18 times the risk of hearing loss (95% CI, 1.06–4.48).
Non-diabetic US males with low-grade albuminuria are at increased risk of hearing loss, independent of eGFR.
Tuina for periarthritis of shoulder
Authors: Ai Jian , Dong Youkang , Tian Qidong , Wang Chunlin , Fang Min 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Periarthritis of shoulder (PAS) symptom is one of the leading causes prompting many patients to seek treatment. Tuina is a common treatment for PAS in China. But at present, there is no systematic evaluation report on its therapeutic effectiveness and safety. This protocol aims to reveal the efficacy and safety of Tuina for treating PAS.

Methods:
The following databases will be searched by electronic methods: PubMed, EBASE, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Embase, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan-fang Data (WANFANG), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and other sources from inception to December 2019. Bias risk, subgroup analysis, data synthesis, and meta-analyses will be assessed with RevMan V.5.3 software if the data is met inclusion conditions.

Results:
This study will present a quality evidence of Tuina for the treatment of PAS patients.

Conclusion:
The systematic review will present reliable evidence to judge whether or not Tuina is a safe and effective intervention for PAS patients.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019147445.
Helicobacter pylori prevalence in the Southwest of China
Authors: Wang Rui , Bai Dan , Xiang Wen , Zhang Yu-Feng , Ba Kun-Yi , Chen Xin-Zu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objectives:
This epidemiological research will be aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes of Helicobacter pylori prevalence in Southwest China during recent period through a systematic review and analysis.

Methods:
The database PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure will be searched. The cross-sectional studies or cohort studies on either massive or hospital-based health checkup population will be potentially eligible. The study population was originated from one of the southwestern major cities, Chengdu (Sichuan), Chongqing, Kunming (Yunnan), Guiyang (Guizhou), or Lhasa (Tibet). Two reviewers will independently select studies, extract data, and assess the quality of studies. The prevalence of H pylori infection will be estimated. In the individual city, the longitudinal comparisons will be conducted to evaluate the trends referring to the earliest cross-sectional baseline. The risk ratio and its 95% confidence interval will be estimated. Subgroup analyses will be performed in sex-specific and age-specific subsets. Trend analysis for proportions (p for trend) will be estimated in the longitudinal evaluation. If applicable, the longitudinal clearance rate (%) will be estimated.

Ethics and Dissemination:
The ethical approval is not required due to the nature of literature-based research. The results will be disseminated through meetings and a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO Registration Number:
CRD42019120764
Chinese herbal medicine for premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Shao Yifeng , Zhou Huihao , Zhou Meng , Ying Pian , Yao Zhitao , Jiang Xuelu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is the loss of function of the ovaries before age 40. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been treating POI for long time. Therefore, we conduct this study to assess the efficacy and safety of CHM for POI.

Methods:
Seven databases will be searched from inception to December 31, 2018: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), WanFang Database, and Chongqing Chinese Scientific Journal Database (CQVIP). Randomized controlled trials that used CHM will be included. Two reviewers will independently complete the study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment according to Cochrane Collaboration. All the data will be analyzed using Review Manage 5.3 software.

Results:
This study will generate a comprehensive summary on effectiveness and safety of CHM for POI.

Conclusion:
This study may be beneficial to health policymakers, clinicians, and patients with regard to the use of CHM in POI treatment.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42019144629.
Apatinib combined with chemotherapy or concurrent chemo-brachytherapy in patients with recurrent or advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Guo Qiufen , Sun Yawen , Kong Enqi , Rao Linli , Chen Jinlong , Wu Qian , Zhang Tingting , Liu Naifu , Li Mingjiang , Sun Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Apatinib mesylate is a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor, which has exhibited good safety and efficacy in several types of solid tumors. The present study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with chemotherapy and concurrent chemo-brachytherapy (CCBT) in patients with recurrent and advanced cervical cancer.

Methods:
A total of 52 patients with first diagnosed recurrent or untreated International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IVB cervical cancer admitted at Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute between July 2016 and May 2018 were analyzed in the current randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the apatinib-treated group and the control group. Patients with recurrent cervical cancer in the apatinib-treated group were administered apatinib and carboplatin-paclitaxel as first-line chemotherapy. Patients with advanced cervical cancer were administered apatinib in combination with CCBT. In control group, patients with recurrent cervical cancer were treated with chemotherapy alone while patients with advanced cervical cancer received CCBT.

Results:
The progression-free survival was significantly prolonged in apatinib group compared with control group (10.1 months; 95% confidence interval (CI), 8.42–11.79 vs 6.4 months; 95% CI, 3.88–8.92; P < .01; hazard ratio (HR), 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25–0.78; P < .01). The objective response rate in apatinib group was obviously higher than that in control group (64.3% vs 33.3%, P < .05). Proteinuria, hand–foot syndrome, mucositis, and hypertension in all Grades were statistically more common in apatinib group than in control group. Apatinib did not obviously aggravate other radiotherapy or chemotherapy side effects.

Conclusion:
Apatinib exhibited promising clinical efficacy in cervical cancer patients, resulting in an improved response rate and prolonged progression-free survival compared with the control group, and had manageable side effects. Our study revealed that apatinib combination therapy, adenocarcinoma, and bone metastasis
Radical nephrectomy combined with removal of tumor thrombus from inferior vena cava under real-time monitoring with transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Wang Yaozhu , Wang Xu , Chang Yuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Renal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, 4%–10% of which are complicated with tumor thrombi in the renal vein and the inferior vena cava; in about 1% of patients, the inferior vena cava tumor thrombus invades the right atrium. Surgery is the treatment of choice. Real-time monitoring with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been widely used in various operations, including cardiac and non-cardiac operations for congenital heart diseases, coronary diseases, vascular heart diseases, and aorta diseases, etc. In this article, a case of a patient with right renal carcinoma complicated with an inferior vena cava tumor thrombus is reported.

Patient concerns:
A 52-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital for lumbar pain lasting for one month.

Diagnosis:
Right renal carcinoma complicated with an inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.

Interventions:
Radical nephrectomy of the renal carcinoma and removal of an inferior vena cava tumor thrombus under real-time monitoring with TEE were performed.

Outcomes :
Radical nephrectomy was successfully performed within 5 minutes after the inferior vena cava was clamped, and then the inferior vena cava tumor thrombus was removed. On the second day after the operation, the patient's conditions improved; his consciousness was clear; he was transferred to a general ward. On the third day after the operation, the patient was able to get out of bed and was discharged on the sixth day after the operation.

Lessons:
Real-time monitoring with TEE played an important role in many aspects in the radical nephrectomy of the renal carcinoma and removal of the inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.
History of diabetes may delay antibiotic administration in patients with severe sepsis presenting to emergency departments
Authors: Abe Toshikazu , Suzuki Tomoharu , Kushimoto Shigeki , Fujishima Seitaro , Sugiyama Takehiro , Iwagami Masao , Ogura Hiroshi , Shiraishi Atsushi , Saitoh Daizoh , Mayumi Toshihiko , Iriyama Hiroki , Komori Akira , Nakada Taka-aki , Shiino Yasukazu , Tarui Takehiko , Hifumi Toru , Otomo Yasuhiro , Okamoto Kohji , Umemura Yutaka , Kotani Joji , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Sasaki Junichi , Shiraishi Shin-ichiro , Tsuruta Ryosuke , Hagiwara Akiyoshi , Yamakawa Kazuma , Takuma Kiyotsugu , Masuno Tomohiko , Takeyama Naoshi , Yamashita Norio , Ikeda Hiroto , Ueyama Masashi , Gando Satoshi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Clinical manifestations of sepsis differ between patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), and these differences could influence the clinical behaviors of medical staff. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether pre-existing DM was associated with the time to antibiotics or sepsis care protocols.
This was a retrospective cohort study.
It conducted at 53 intensive care units (ICUs) in Japan.
Consecutive adult patients with severe sepsis admitted directly to ICUs form emergency departments from January 2016 to March 2017 were included.
The primary outcome was time to antibiotics.
Of the 619 eligible patients, 142 had DM and 477 did not have DM. The median times (interquartile ranges) to antibiotics in patients with and without DM were 103 minutes (60–180 minutes) and 86 minutes (45–155 minutes), respectively (P = .05). There were no significant differences in the rates of compliance with sepsis protocols or with patient-centred outcomes such as in-hospital mortality. The mortality rates of patients with and without DM were 23.9% and 21.6%, respectively (P = .55). Comparing patients with and without DM, the gamma generalized linear model-adjusted relative difference indicated that patients with DM had a delay to starting antibiotics of 26.5% (95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 4.6–52.8, P = .02). The gamma generalized linear model-adjusted relative difference with multiple imputation for missing data of sequential organ failure assessment was 19.9% (95%CI: 1.0–42.3, P = .04). The linear regression model-adjusted beta coefficient indicated that patients with DM had a delay to starting antibiotics of 29.2 minutes (95%CI: 6.8–51.7, P = .01). Logistic regression modelling showed that pre-existing DM was not associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.26; 95%CI: 0.72–2.19, P = .42).
Pre-existing DM was associated with delayed antibiotic administration among patients with severe sepsis or septic shock; however, patient-centred outcomes and compliance with sepsis care protocols were comparable.
Efficacy and safety of elemene combined with chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Ying , Chen Liuxi , Zhang Ruonan , Chen Bi , Xiang Yu , Zhang Mingming , Huang Xingxing , Zhang Wenzheng , Chen Xiaying , Pan Ting , Yan Lili , Jin Ting , Liu Shuiping , Feng Jiao , Duan Ting , Xie Tian , Lin Shuang , Sui Xinbing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Elemene is a natural compound extracted from Zingiberaceae plants, and is used in various cancer. However, the efficacy and safety elemene combined with chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (GC) are lack of systematic assessment.

Methods:
we searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Academic Journals (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Journals (CQVIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing elemene plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone in participants with advanced GC and reporting at least one of the following outcomes were selected and assessed for inclusion. JADAD scale was used to assess the quality. Data was screened and extracted by two independent investigators. The primary clinical outcome was overall response rate (ORR); the secondary outcomes were quality of life (QOL) and adverse events (AEs). Analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.

Results:
Sixteen RCTs matched the selection criteria, which reported on 969 subjects. Risk ratios (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled for ORR, life quality based on KPS, and risk of AEs. Compared to chemotherapy alone, elemene combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of GC may increase the efficiency of ORR(RR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23–1.60; P < .0001), improve their life quality based on KPS (RR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.45–2.34; P < .00001), and reduce the adverse reactions, including leukopenia(RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62–0.85; P < .00001), neutropenia (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60–0.95; P = .02), anemia (RR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60–0.95; P = .02), thrombocytopenia (RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.43–0.73; P < .00001). Nausea and vomiting (RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.84–1.07; P = .39), diarrhea (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.41–1.15; P = .15), neurotoxicity (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.59–1.00; P = .05) and hepatic dysfunction (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.58–1.54; P = .83) were similar between two groups.

Conclusions:
Elemene may have the potential to improve the efficacy and reduce the AEs of chemotherapy for gastric cancer. However, the long-term, high-quality researches with a large sample size in different populations are required.
Promoter hypermethylation of CD133/PROM1 is an independent poor prognosis factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hu Zele , Liu Huigao , Zhang Xinrong , Hong Bin , Wu Zhenhua , Li Qun , Zhou Chongchang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
PROM1 has played a pivotal role in the identification and isolation of tumor stem cells. This study aimed to assess the association between PROM1 promoter methylation and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and its diagnostic and prognostic value.
Bioinformatic analysis was performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas-HNSC and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets.
The results showed that PROM1 promoter was hypermethylated in HNSCCs compared with normal head and neck tissues (P = 4.58E-37). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve based on methylated PROM1 data was 0.799. In addition, PROM1 hypermethylation independently predicted poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.459, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.071–1.987, P = .016) and recurrence-free survival (HR: 1.729, 95% CI: 1.088–2.749, P = .021) in HNSCC patients. Moreover, PROM1 methylation was weakly negatively correlated with its mRNA expression (Pearson r = –0.148, P < .001).
In summary, our study reveals that methylated PROM1 might serve as a valuable diagnostic biomarker and predictor of poor survival for HNSCC patients. PROM1 hypermethylation might partially contribute to its downregulation in HNSCC.
Early recurrence detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Li , Dong Ping , Wang Weiguo , Li Mao , Hu Weiming , Liu Xubao , Tian Bole 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been proved to be practical in detecting occult malignant lesions. However, the evidence of its utility in detecting early recurrence after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lacking. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the early postoperative period after radical resection of PDAC.
This retrospective study included 32 patients who had 18F-FDG PET/CT scan within 6 months after radical resection of PDAC between January 2010 and December 2018.
In total, 10 positive PET results were found at surgical margins of remnant pancreas, 12 at locoregional lymph nodes, 5 at distant areas, with the corresponding mean maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of 5.8 ± 1.1, 5.9 ± 0.9, and 6.4 ± 0.7, respectively. The median follow-up time was 23.5 months (range: 8–75 months), and the median survival time was 39.5 months (95% confidence interval: 14.6–64.4 months) for the entire cohort. Patients with positive PET findings at either locoregional lymph nodes or distant areas obtained significantly poorer overall survival (OS) than those without increased FDG uptake at the corresponding areas (P = .003 and P < .001, respectively). Whereas comparisons of OS between patients with or without increased FDG uptake at the surgical margin of remnant pancreas presented no statistically difference (P = .742).
The early application of 18F-FDG PET/CT after radical resection of PDAC could stratify the prognosis of patients well by detecting occult early recurrence at locoregional lymph nodes and distant areas efficiently.