bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxic effects of dechlorane plus on the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) embryonic development
Authors: Li Baohua , Chen Jianjun , Du Qiyan , Wang Beibei , Qu Ying , Chang Zhongjie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Dechlorane Plus (DP) is a widely using chlorinated flame retardant, and has been detected extensively in the environment. Even though the DP content in the surface water is low, it can pose a continuous exposure risk to aquatic organisms due to its strong bioaccumulation. Since related researches on the toxicity mechanism of DP exposure on carp embryo development are limited, we carried out the evaluation of DP effect on carp. In this study, Carp embryos were exposed to DP of 0, 30, 60, and 120 µg/L at 3h post fertilization (hpf). The expression of genes associated with the neural and skeletal development such as sox2, sox19a, Mef2c, and BMP4 were evaluated using quantitative PCR (qPCR), and analysis of different developmental toxicity endpoints changes were observed with microscopy. Our results demonstrated that the expression of sox2, sox19a, Mef2c, and BMP4 were significantly changed and several developmental defects were observed in the exposed carps embryo, such as DNA damage, increased mortality rate, delayed hatching time, decreased hatching rate, decreased body length, increased morphological deformities. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased with DP exposure at 60µg/L and 120 µg/L. Altogether, our results suggest that DP may have an unique modes of action, which results in aberration occurrence in the early development stage of common carps, that may relates to some gene damage and oxidative stress. Besides, the parameters evaluated here can be used as tools to access the environmental risk for biota and humans exposed to DP.
Health TAPESTRY Ontario: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial to Test Replicability and Implementation
Authors: Mangin Dee , Lamarche Larkin , Bomze Sivan , Borhan Sayem , Browne Tracy , Carr Tracey , Datta Julie , Dolovich Lisa , Howard Michelle , Marentette-Brown Sarah , Oliver Doug , Risdon Cathy , Talat Samina , Tarride Jean-Eric , Thebane Lehana , Valaitis Ruta , Price David 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Health TAPESTRY (Health Teams Advancing Patient Experience: STRengthening qualitY) aims to help people stay healthier for longer where they live by providing person-focused care through the integration of four key program components: 1) trained volunteers who visit clients in their homes, 2) an interprofessional primary health care team, 3) use of technology to collect and share information, and 4) improved connections to community health and social services. The initial randomized controlled trial of Health TAPESTRY found promising results in terms of health care use and patient outcomes, indicating a shift from reactive to preventive care. The trial was based on one clinical academic centre, thus limiting generalizability. The study objectives are: 1) to test replicability of the established effectiveness of Health TAPESTRY on physical activity and hospitalizations, 2) to test the feasibility of, and understand the contributing factors to, the implementation of Health TAPESTRY in six diverse communities across Ontario, Canada, and 3) to determine the value for money of implementing Health TAPESTRY. Methods: This planned study is a pragmatic parallel randomized controlled trial with a delayed intervention for control participants at six months. This trial will simultaneously assess effectiveness and implementation in a real world setting (Type II hybrid) in six diverse communities across Ontario. Participants 70 years of age and older will be randomized into the Health TAPESTRY intervention or the control group (usual care). Intervention clients will receive an individualized plan of care from an interprofessional care team. The plan will be based on a client’s goals and current health risks identified through volunteer visits. The study’s outcomes are mapped onto the RE-AIM framework, with levels of physical activity and number of hospitalizations as the co-primary outcomes. The main analysis will be a comparison at six months. Discussion: It is important to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of Health TAPESTRY in multiple communities prior to scaling or widespread adoption. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03397836 (posted January 12, 2018). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03397836&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=
Impact of socioeconomic status on patient experience: A cross sectional exit survey of Nigeria Teaching Hospitals.
Authors: Aloh Henry Egi , Onwujekwe Obinna E. , Aloh Obianuju G. , Okoronkwo Ijeoma L. , Nweke Chijioke Joel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To determine how socioeconomic factors, such as level of education and employment status, affect quality of ambulatory patient experience in Nigeria teaching hospitals.Methods: The study design is a cross-sectional exit survey. And the setting were outpatient departments of Nigerian Teaching Hospitals. Assessment of patient experiences for 5 domains of care, including waiting time, environment of the outpatient department, quality of doctor’s care, quality of care by nurses/other health workers, responsiveness of care and the overall quality of care was carried out using structured questionnaire.Results: The mean rating of quality of care or patient experience for the outpatients was 74.31 ± 0.32%. There were obvious but moderate differences among the hospitals for various levels of patients’ care, especially for waiting time, quality of doctors’ care and overall quality of care. Employment status was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) determinants of overall patient experience rating or quality of care for the outpatients, while the level of patient’s education was an influence on the waiting time perception by the patients and their rating of care from nurses/other healthcare providers, other than doctors. Conclusion: The study observed that socioeconomic factors such as educational and employment status of outpatients to some extent determines how outpatient perceived their experience while receiving healthcare in hospitals. Thus, there is need to institutionalize patient-centered care, giving full consideration to patients’ socioeconomic status.
Community-based rehabilitation service in Chengdu: a cross-sectional general survey
Authors: Chen Siliang , Lei Yi , Dai Hua , Wu Jia , Yang Ziyu , Liao Xiaoyang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) was initiated by World Health Organization in 1984, and by then it has been an essential process of medical services in the worldwide. China had strengthened primary health care via constructing more than 35 thousand community health centers (CHCs) in cities, and more than 35 thousand township health centers (THCs) in rural area. Nevertheless, it remains unclear that if these basic health center could provide optional rehabilitation services for disabilities. And this study aims at evaluating supply capacity of rehabilitation service in basic health centers of Chengdu, a regional center city of southwest China.Method We conducted a general investigation of primary health centers in Chengdu, a city located in south west China with more than 15 million population. Totally, our investigation covered 115 CHCs and 264 THCs from October to November 2016. We investigated these primary health center on basic rehabilitation services, disease spectrum and rehabilitation equipment quantity and quality, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physiotherapyResult Rehabilitation therapy is available in 88.9% (337 of 379) of all community health centers, meanwhile, urban community health centers slightly surpass rural community with available rate of 92.2% (106 of 115) and 87.5% (231 of 264), respectively. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physiotherapy is available in 97.1% (368 of 379) of all community health centers, 97.3% (112 of 115) of urban community health centers and 97.0% (256 of 264) of rural community health centers. Quantitively analysis indicated that substantial factors which could make impact on number of patients per year contain: species of rehabilitation disease (P<0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-1.571, -0.702]), the service population (P=0.03, 95%CI [-1.198,-0.057]), number of rehabilitation bed (P<0.001, 95%CI [-1.249,-0.290])Conclusion Community-based rehabilitation and TCM physiotherapy have become accessible for disabilities in neighbor community health centers of Chengdu City. Whereas, available rate of CBR in rural CHCs is lesser than in urban CHCs, which indicates imbalance in basic health service development between rural and urban area. A bit of baseline of CHCs makes significant impact on number of patients per year, including species of rehabilitation diseases, service population and number of rehabilitation bed.
Neuroprotective effect of astrocyte-derived IL-33 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
Authors: Jiao Mengya , Li Xiangyong , Wang Xiaodi , Chen Liying , Yuan Baohong , Liu Tao , Dong Qun , Mei Hanfang , Yin Hui 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a well-recognized pleiotropic cytokine which plays crucial roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. Recent studies suggest that IL-33 and its receptor ST2 are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Here, we explore the effect of IL-33/ST2 signaling in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: The brain HI model was established in neonatal C57BL/6 mice by left common carotid artery occlusion with 90 min hypoxia, and treated with IL-33 at a dose of 0.2 μg/day i.p. for three days. TTC staining and neurobehavioral observation were used to evaluate the HI brain injury. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were applied to determine the expression of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 on brain CNS cells, cell proliferation and apoptosis. OGD experiment was used to assay the viability of astrocytes and neurons. RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of neurotrophic factor-associated genes. Results: The expression level of IL-33 was markedly enhanced in astrocytes 24 h after cerebral HI in neonatal mice. Exogenous delivery of IL-33 significantly alleviated brain injury 7 d after HI, whereas ST2 deficiency exacerbated brain infarction and neurological deficits post HI. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated high levels of ST2 expression on astrocytes, and the expression of ST2 was further elevated after HI. Intriguingly, IL-33 treatment apparently improved astrocyte response and attenuated HI-induced astrocyte apoptosis through ST2 signaling pathways. Further in vitro studies revealed that IL-33-activated astrocytes released a series of neurotrophic factors, which are critical for raising neuronal survival against oxygen glucose deprivation. Conclusions: The activation of IL-33/ST2 signaling in the ischemic brain improves astrocyte response, which in turn affords protection to ischemic neurons in a glial-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent manner.
Acceptability of screening for pregnancy intention in general practice: a population survey of people of reproductive age
Authors: Hammarberg Karin , Hassard Julie , de Silva Renee , Johnson Louise 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Optimal parental preconception health benefits reproductive outcomes. However, preconception health promotion is not routinely offered in primary health care settings to people of reproductive age. The aim was to gauge the planned preconception health behaviours and attitudes towards being asked about pregnancy intention by a general practitioner (GP) among people of reproductive age in Australia. Method: The research was conducted on a single wave of Australia’s first and only probability-based online panel, Life in Australia™. Members of the Life in Australia™ panel are Australian residents aged 18 years or over. All active members between the ages of 18 and 45 years were eligible to participate. Eligible panel members were invited to complete a survey about fertility and childbearing. Data were collected from 18 February to 4 March 2019. Results: In all 965 female and male members of Life in Australia™ aged between 18 and 45 years were invited to complete the survey. Of these, 716 (74.2%) agreed. Most respondents indicated that if they were planning to have a child they would try to optimise their preconception health by adopting a healthier diet (80%), seeing a GP for a health check-up (78%), reducing alcohol consumption (78% of those consuming alcohol), getting fitter (73%), and stopping smoking (70% of smokers). Three in four (74%) stated that they would not mind if their GP asked them about their pregnancy intentions. Conclusion: Findings suggests that routinely asking people of reproductive age about their pregnancy intentions and advising those who are planning pregnancy about what they can do to ensure optimal preconception health would be acceptable to most people and may improve reproductive outcomes.
Hospital Utilization for Non-Traumatic Dental Conditions in Oregon from 2013 to 2015
Authors: Brow Avery , Tranby Eric P. , Boynes Sean G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Poor oral health remains a national concern impacting overall health and continues to
burden an already overtaxed health care system. These issues are exacerbated by differing levels
of coverage nationally, particularly in those states that lack any public oral health coverage.
Those with significant and immediate need are forced to seek care from alternative settings and
often are not equipped to provide dental treatment. Oregon operates a unique system called
coordinated care organizations (CCOs) designed to link providers from across disciplines and
focus on prevention and chronic disease management.
Using claims data from the All-Payer, All-Claims (APAC) database, this paper evaluates
claims from 2013 to 2015 for all patients presenting to an emergency department (ED) or as an
inpatient for a non-traumatic dental condition (NTDC). ED visits for NTDCs increased from
2013 to 2015 with 79% of ED visits for a dental condition paid for by Medicaid, and those aged
20-34 had the highest visit rate across all 3 years. Black and American Indian or Alaskan Native
patients had the highest ED utilization. Residents of rural counties were more likely to utilize the
ED than urban counties. 76% of patients visited the ED 1 time with a charge of $13,888,516.
Consistent with other findings, the increased visits are likely due to expanded Medicaid
coverage. Increased usage by rural residents is supported by other studies. This paper continues
to demonstrate the need for multi-level solutions that continue to decrease ED utilization across
the state.
HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AFTER CONSUMING THE INITIAL PHASE OF ANTITUBERCULAR DRUGS
Authors: SUSIWATI  , ZAMHARIRA MUSLIM  
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study aims to determine the condition of the hemoglobin (Hb) level after the initial phase of antitubercular drug usage.
Methods: This research method used a descriptive survey design with the accidental sampling method. The sample of this study was 38 patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study. The sample was measured by Coulter Act-Diff Hematology Analyzer.
Results: This study shows the initial phase of antitubercular drugs (ATD) usage caused an abnormal hemoglobin level of 22 patients (58%) and 16 patients (42%) have a normal level. There are 12 (32%) male and 10 (26%) female patients have an abnormal level of Hb. The average of Hb level in tuberculosis (TB) patients is 12.42 (male) and 11.89 (female). This study also shows the correlation between body mass index with a Hb level of TB patient (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Hb levels in TB patients who consumed the initial phase of ATD were found to be mostly under normal.
Estimation of Fibrinogen Level among Sudanese Patients with Myocardial Infraction
Authors: Edres Mohammed AL Mustafa Ahmed , Babiker Nihad Elsadig 
Published: December 2019

Myocardial infraction (AMI) is an irreversible myocardial injury and necrosis caused by serious and long-term ischemia. It is generally seen in middle aged men with high risk factors for coronary artery disease. Only 4% of patients with AMI are under 40 years of age. This was a cross sectional study conducted at AL SHAB hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, aimed to estimate the fibrinogen level among Sudanese patients with myocardial infraction. 50 patients attending Alshab Hospital and diagnosed with MI used as a case group and 50 apparently healthy individuals with no history of MI were selected as control group. 1.8 ml of blood samples has been collected in sodium citrate anticoagulant container for measurement of fibrinogen level by clauss method in coagulometer device. It is clearly significant increase in fibrinogen level in myocardial infraction patient (p.value 0.000). In addition, the prothrombin time and gender were insignificantly differences in (AMI) patients. In the other hand, age and smoking significantly increased as risk factor in myocardial infraction. This study concluded that fibrinogen level was significantly increased in Sudanese patients with myocardial infraction.
Keywords: Myochardial Infraction, Fibrinogen, Prothrombin Time, Coagulometer
PERALATAN DAPUR DALAM BAHASA KARO KAJIAN METABAHASA SEMANTIK ALAMI
Authors: Br Sembiring Hariati , Mulyadi Mulyadi 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kategorisasi dan makna peralatan dapur dalam bahasa Karo. Data yang digunakan adalah data lisan, data tulis, dan data intuitif.Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode cakap dan metode simak.kemudian, data dianalisis dengan metode agih dan hasilnya disajikan dengan metode formal dan informal.Teori yang digunakan adalah teori metabahasa semantik alami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peralatan dapur dalam bahasa Karo dikategorisasikan menjadi dua. Pertama peralatan dapur yang digunakan untuk mengolah makanan/ minuman (‘benda [M] ini ada karena seseorang ingin mengolah makanan/minuman [M]’). Kedua peralatan dapur yang digunakan untuk menyimpan makanan, air, dan peralatan masak (‘benda [M] ini ada karena seseorang ingin menyimpan makanan/ minuman/ peralatan masak [M]’). Selanjutnya, makna peralatan dapur dibentuk oleh elemen makna asali SESUATU, KARENA, SESEORANG, ADA, INGIN, dan MELAKUKAN. dari elemen makna asali tersebut terbentuklah struktur komponen semantis (a) salah satu jenis benda [M], (b) benda [M] ini ada karena seseorang membuatnya [M], (c) benda ini berukuran [M] …., (d) seseorang mengambilnya dengan satu atau dua tangan [M]. Peralatan dapur dalam bahasa Karo juga dibentuk oleh molekul molekul semantik yang berkombinasi membentuk sintaksis makna universal ‛sesuatu ada karena seseorang ingin mengolah/menyimpan [M] sesuatu’.
Problems and prospects of financing innovative development in sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Alhassan Tijani 
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the place and role of the financial system in the development
of national economic systems in developing countries. There have been identified the main func-tions of the financial system: mobilizing financial resources, creating a database of investment projects and investors, monitoring and corporate deposit management, forming a block of information on diversification, transformation and risk management, facilitating the sale of goods through
a payment system. The existing approaches to determining the concept of accessibility of financial resources are considered. The role of the financial sector in advancing technological innovations and industrialization in sub-Saharan African countries has been identified. The analysis of reasons for low financial integration, low access to financial services in the shadow economy has been carried out. The main reasons for the lack of access to banking services include the language barrier, lack of simple identification documents or data due to a poorly organized local infrastructure. It is noted that about 52% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa have access to formal financial services; 65% of small, medium and micro-enterprises (90% of the economic sector in Africa) do not have access to bank loans. Research and development expenditures in the economic regions have been systematized. The conclusions have been made about the underdevelopment and lag of infrastructure in sub-Saharan African countries, low availability of financial resources retarding the economic growth and innovative development of small and medium-sized businesses. Possibilities for improving the systems of financial innovative development in the investigated countries have been given.
TEACHER TRAINEES’ JOURNEY TO DEVELOP LEARNER AUTONOMY
Authors: Sarkawi Suhana , Ahmad Shah Shanina Sharatol , Senom Fatiha , Mohamad Nor Azmawaty 
Published: December 2019

This study concerns the degree of autonomy in English Language Learning (ELL) amongst the ESL (English as a Second Language) teacher trainees in Sarawak. This is part of a larger study which aims to investigate the relationship between ESL teacher trainees’ self-rating in ELL and their degree of autonomy based on their perceived ELL. The Pedagogy-Andragogy-Heutagogy Continuum Framework is used to guide the study. Data were collected from questionnaire distributed to 259 ESL trainee teachers from four IPG (Teacher Training Institute) campuses in Sarawak. The data were analysed through descriptive analysis and correlation tests using SPSS version 22. The results revealed that the degree of autonomy of the ESL teacher trainees in ELL is high with significant but weak relationship between their self-rating with ELL and their degree of autonomy. This study adds to the limited data on the learner autonomy of ESL teacher trainees which should be addressed in the Malaysian Education Blueprint. We recommend that future education policy gives more attention in developing teacher trainees’ learner autonomy in order to ensure the alignment between second language teacher training and the development of 21st century learner skills as stated in the Malaysian Education Blueprint.

Keywords: ESL trainee teachers, learner autonomy, Malaysian education blueprint, second language teacher education, 21st century learner skills

Cite as: Sarkawi, S., Sharatol Ahmad Shah, S., Senom, F., & Mohamad Nor, A. (2019). Teacher trainees’ journey to develop learner autonomy. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 282-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp282-301
La maquinaria agrícola en Argentina
Authors: Vigil José Ignacio 
Published: December 2019

El trabajo plantea un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo en Argentina sobre la producción de maquinaria agrícola en el período que suele denominarse como nuevo desarrollista (2003-2015) y durante el cual la producción de maquinaria agrícola fue una actividad económica estratégica y testimonial del intento de reindustrialización experimentado por el gobierno nacional, con una gran cantidad de políticas e instrumentos destinados a fomentarla. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar, en el período de tiempo mencionado, la manera en que se intentó la alineación de estrategias tanto de las políticas nacionales macroeconómicas, con las políticas sectoriales de la maquinaria agrícola, y las políticas regionales del sector. Entre otros, el resultado de estas alineaciones multiniveles fue la aparición de un espacio de producción de maquinaria agrícola relativamente virtuoso en argentina.
Palabras claves: Maquinaria agrícola. Argentina. Nuevo desarrollismo. Política industrial. Multinivel.