bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of type I IFN response and T cell activation in severe COVID-19/HIV-1 coinfection
Authors: d’Ettorre Gabriella , Recchia Gregorio , Ridolfi Marco , Siccardi Guido , Pinacchio Claudia , Innocenti Giuseppe Pietro , Santinelli Letizia , Frasca Federica , Bitossi Camilla , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Borrazzo Cristian , Antonelli Guido , Scagnolari Carolina , Mastroianni Claudio Maria 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Complex immune dysregulation in interferon (IFN) and T cell response has been observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-infected patients as well as in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)/HIV-1 coinfection has been described in only few cases worldwide and no data are available on immunological outcomes in HIV-1-patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Hence, this study aims to compare type I IFN response and T cell activation levels between a SARS-CoV-2/HIV-1-coinfected female patient and age-matched HIV-1-positive or uninfected women.

Patient concerns:
A 52-year-old woman diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2/HIV-1 coinfection, ten HIV-1-positive women and five age-matched-healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.

Diagnoses:
SARS-CoV-2 infection caused severe pneumonia in the second week of illness in HIV-1-positive patient under protease inhibitors. Chest high-resolution computed tomography images of the SARS-CoV-2/HIV-1-coinfected patient showed bilateral ground-glass opacities.

Interventions:
SARS-CoV-2/HIV-1-coinfected female patient under darunavir/cobicistat regimen received a 7-days hydroxychloroquine therapy. Analysis of IFNα/β mRNA levels and CD4 and CD8 T cell (CD38, human leukocyte antigen-DR [HLA-DR], CD38 HLA-DR) frequencies were performed by RT/real-time PCR assays and flow cytometry, respectively. Median relative difference (MRD) was calculated for each immunological variable. For values greater than reference, MRD should be a positive number and for values that are smaller, MRD should be negative.

Outcomes:
The severe pneumonia observed in SARS-CoV-2/HIV-1-positive patient under protease inhibitors was reversed by a 7-days hydroxychloroquine therapy. At the end of treatment, on day 7, patient reported resolution of fever, normalization of respiratory rate (14 breaths/min), and improved oxygen arterial pressure with a FiO2 of 30%. MRD values for IFNα/β and CD4 and CD8 T cells expressing CD38 and/or HLA-DR found in SARS-CoV-2-/HIV-1-coinfected woman were approximatively equal to 0 when refereed respectively to HIV-1-positive female patients [MRDs IFNα/β: median −0.2545 (range: −0.5/0.1); T cells: median −0.11 (range: −0.8/1.3)] and ≥ 6 when referred to healthy individuals [MRDs IFNα/β: median 28.45 (range: 15/41.9); T cells: median 10 (range 6/22)].

Lessons:
These results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-1-positive female patient was associated with increased levels of IFNα/β-mRNAs and T cell activation compared to healthy individuals.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion for herpes zoster
Authors: Zhang Na , Liu Kun , She Yalin , Zhao Weixuan , Zeng Jingchun , Lin Guohua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Herpes zoster (HZ) is currently treated primarily with antiviral drugs, yet this treatment has been debated. Acupuncture is becoming a more important treatment in this protocol. For example, pain intensity is lower among HZ patients who receive acupuncture plus moxibustion than among those who receive pharmacotherapy. There are many types of acupuncture interventions, including electroacupuncture, moxibustion, bloodletting. In this study, a network meta-analysis (NMA) is used to rank various interventions of acupuncture.

Methods and analysis:
Electronic searches of abstracts and titles will be performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CBM, CNKI, CQVIP, and Wanfang Data databases, from inception to December 31, 2019. Published and unpublished controlled trials with different acupuncture interventions will be selected, trials of antiviral drugs as the control group. All patients of HZ will be included, except for those diagnosed with PHN, immunocompromised patients, or those with complications. The effective therapy rate and the incidence of PHN are primary outcomes. The NMA will be analyzed with Stata 13.0 and GeMTC 0.14.3.

Discussion:
The NMA will be established to compare various interventions of acupuncture for the therapy of HZ, that could resolve the limitations of previous methodologies with this protocol. It will be possible to determine the best acupuncture intervention for more primary outcomes of therapy, including subgroup analysis of patients with aged ≥50 years and those of aged <50 years.

Ethics and dissemination:
The NMA does not require ethical approval. The data analyzed is not personal. It is only systematically used to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture treatments. The results will be disseminated through international conference reports and peer-reviewed manuscripts.

Strength and limitations of this study:
A comprehensive methodology is established to rank various interventions of acupuncture by which best evidence-based intervention may be recommended for those population groups of aged ≥50 years and aged <50 years.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019118369.
Salvia miltiorrhiza improves Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Guo Ying , Dong Xing , Zhang Renyan , Zhong Yanmei , Yang Peng , Zhang SanYing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that is slowly becoming a global problem. Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) has a history of thousands of years of use in China. In recent years, SM has been reported to have the effect of improving Alzheimer's disease. However, there is no systematic review of its efficacy and safety yet. Therefore, we propose a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SM for AD patients.Methods:Six databases will be searched: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biological Medicine (CBM), China Scientific Journals Database (CSJD), Wanfang database, PubMed, and EMBASE. The information is searched from January 2010 to July 2020. Languages are limited to English and Chinese. The primary outcomes include changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) and Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL). Additional outcomes include clinical effective rate and adverse event rate. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be used to assess the strength of the evidence.Results:This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of SM in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Conclusion:This systematic review provides evidence as to whether SM is effective and safe for Alzheimer's disease patients.Systematic review registration:INPLASY202070066.
Analysis of hyperbilirubinemia in patients with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Cheng Fang , Kang Lina , Zhang Feifei , Ma Hongfen , Wang Xiaoxue , Dong Ying , An Hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The present study attempted to analyze the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD) in children with hyperbilirubinemia.
A total of 390 children with KD hospitalized in our hospital from September 2018 to July 2019 were selected and divided into control (270 cases) and hyperbilirubinemia (120 cases) groups based on the total, direct, and indirect bilirubin values after admission. Clinical data of the inflammatory index and fever process of the 2 groups were analyzed and compared.
The difference in sex and age between the 2 groups was statistically nonsignificant (P > .05). In the hyperbilirubinemia group, the white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, and routine urine leucocyte; and incidence of coronary artery expansion, heart injury, and unreactive gamma globulin treatment were higher than those in the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). In the hyperbilirubinemia group, the mean fever duration before admission was shorter than that in the control group, whereas the fever duration after gamma globulin treatment was longer than that in the control group; these differences were statistically significant (P < .05).
Hyperbilirubinemia incidence in children with KD was approximately 30.77% (120 cases), of which increased direct bilirubin was observed in 70.83% (85 cases) and increased indirect bilirubin in 29.17% (35 cases). Children with KD combined with hyperbilirubinemia exhibited a strong inflammatory reaction, which may be due to liver damage or biliary block.
Association between polymorphism near the MC4R gene and cancer risk
Authors: Zeng Tian , Zhao Jing , Kang Yu , Wang Xiaojiao , Xie Hongjun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), gene which are associated with risk of obesity. Since obesity is an established risk factor of cancer, several studies have examined the association between SNPs near the MC4R gene and cancer risk, but the findings are inconsistent. The present study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to clarify the association between SNPs near MC4R and cancer risk.

Methods:
The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for potentially eligible publications. All studies that evaluated the association between MC4R rs17782313 SNP (or its proxy rs12970134) and cancer risk were included. The pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. And subgroup analysis by cancer type (colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer and breast cancer) was conducted for further investigate the association.

Results:
A total of 6 eligible studies (6517 cases and 16,886 controls) were included in the present meta-analysis. The results indicated that MC4R rs17782313 SNP was moderately associated with cancer risk (odds ratio = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.24). However, the subgroup analysis between different cancer types shows that rs17782313 is only associated with colorectal cancer but not the endometrial cancer and breast cancer. Risk factor in colorectal cancer was both significantly associated with rs17782313 with and without adjustment for body mass index; while the risk factor of the endometrial cancer and breast cancer were both not associated with the rs17782313 with and without adjustment for body mass index. There was no publication bias for the association between MC4R rs17782313 and cancer risk.

Conclusion:
The present meta-analysis confirmed the moderate association between MC4R rs17782313 and cancer risk.
Effect of 3 different anticoagulants on hidden blood loss during total hip arthroplasty after tranexamic acid
Authors: Deng Zeng-fa , Zhang Zi-ji , Sheng Pu-yi , Fu Ming , Xu Dong-liang , He Ai-shan , Liao Wei-ming , Kang Yan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Comparison of different anticoagulants in blood management and complications with tranexamic acid (TXA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is unclear. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety among receiving nadroparin calcium, enoxaparin sodium or rivaroxaban after TXA in THA.
150 patients undergoing primary unilateral THA were received 15 mg/kg intravenous TXA (IV-TXA) before skin incision, followed by 1 of nadroparin calcium (Group A), enoxaparin sodium (Group B), or rivaroxaban (Group C) randomly during hospitalization. The primary outcome was hidden blood loss (HBL). Other outcomes such as the maximum hemoglobin (Hb) drop, total blood loss (TBL), the volume of drainage, transfusion rate, length of hospital stay (LOS), and complications were also compared.
There were no statistically significant differences in HBL, the maximum hemoglobin (Hb) drop, transfusion rate, and complications among 3 groups. LOS was significantly higher for patients in Group B than Group A (P = .026). Neither deep venous thrombosis (DVT) nor pulmonary embolism (PE) occurred in any group.
There were no differences in efficacy and safety in patients undergoing THA receiving nadroparin calcium, enoxaparin sodium, or rivaroxaban after anti-fibrinolysis with TXA.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia
Authors: Li Yiwei , Weng Qianping , Huang Xilian , Xie Yaping , Chen Can , Qian Shenxian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
In December 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia was detected in Wuhan and named COVID-19. It is an international outbreak of the respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Recent papers pointed out the cytopenia in COVID-19 patients including lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and lower level of hemoglobin had prognostic significance. This systemic review and meta-analysis summaries the latest evidence from available data and determine the hematological abnormality caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and potential efficacy on the outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods:
This protocol for a systematic reviews and meta-analysis will be performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols 2015 guidelines. The database of Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, WanFang, as well as gray literatures from the inception to present will be comprehensively and systematically searched without limitations of regions or language. The main study outcomes will be the mortality of COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan V.5.3 program and Stata V.12.0 software after 2 reviewers independently selected literature, data extraction, bias risk evaluation and study quality assessment. Any disagreement will be resolved by consensus to the third researcher.

Results:
This systematic review and meta-analysis may help provide clarify on the effect of cytopenia in patients with COVID-19. The result will be published at a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions:
This proposed study will evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of cytopenia in COVID-19 patients.

Ethic and dissemination:
The content of this article does not involve moral approval or ethical review because no individual data will be collected.

PROSPERO registration:
CRD42020187524.
Acupuncture for mammary gland hyperplasia
Authors: Xiong Jun , Li Honglian , Hua Fanghui , Huang Shouqiang , Xiang Jie , Jiang Yunfeng , Liao Kai , Zhou Xiaohong , Liu Meihua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground:Multiple randomized controlled trials have shown that acupuncture (ACU) work well in the treating mammary gland hyperplasia, which has been widely used in hospitals of China. Although the choices of ACU treatments varies in practice, most are based on experience or preference. Therefore, we outline a plan to assess and rank the efficacy of the various ACU methods to formulate a prioritized regimen for mammary gland hyperplasia in ACU therapy.Methods:We will make a comprehensive retrieval in 7 databases as following: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China BioMedical Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Wanfang database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to June 2020. We will evaluate the quality and the evidence of the included randomized controlled trials by the risk of bias tool and grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation, respectively. Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted using Stata16.0 and WinBUGS V.1.4.3.Results:The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusions:Our study is expected to provide high-quality, evidence-based recommendations on further treatment of MGH for clinicians.Registration:PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020158743).
Effect of acupuncture method of removing-stasisand resuscitating on the consciousness of patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Pan Jun-Jun , Hou Xiao-Zhou , Wang Ping , Li Wei , Zhang Qing , Dong Tao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
With the development of social economy, transportation and various infrastructures have also developed, but it has objectively increased the number of patients with head injury. Although the current craniocerebral medicine technology continues to advance, long-term bed rest and other complications have led to an insignificant decrease in the mortality rate of coma patients. It is not uncommon for patients with disturbance of consciousness caused by head injury in major hospitals.

Methods/design:
This will be a retrospective, single-blind clinical observational study. We will select 50 cases that meet the subject's selection criteria. According to whether they received acupuncture treatment or not, they will be randomly divided into 2 groups, namely treatment group and control group. The control group will be given conventional Western medicine treatment, and the treatment group will be given acupuncture method of removing-stasis and resuscitating treatment on the basis of the control group.

Discussion:
Our purpose is to observe the role of acupuncture method of removing-stasis and resuscitating in promoting the recovery of patients with severe head injury. We aim to provide more evidence-based medical evidence for acupuncture treatment of this disease.

Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR2000034732, Registered on 19 July 2020
Neglected extensor apparatus injury in the proximal interphalangeal joint
Authors: Lee Young-Keun , Ko Jong-Hyun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
The extensor tendon of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is highly complex, and failure to ensure suitable balance during treatment following an injury is likely to produce poor outcomes. We have achieved good outcomes with the primary repair of neglected extensor tendon rupture in the PIP joint, and thus report the case along with a review of the relevant literature.

Patients concern:
A 40-year-old right-handed female who works at a meat shop visited our clinic due to pain and active limitation of the range of motion (ROM) of the PIP joint of her left long finger. She had previously experienced a cut on the dorsal aspect of the third PIP joint while cutting meat about a year earlier but did not receive any specific treatment for the injury.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with complete rupture of the central slip and lateral band in the PIP joint after investigation.

Intervention:
We successfully debrided the ruptured tendon and performed extensor tendon repair using the modified Kessler technique and epitendinous cross-over repair technique.

Outcome:
At the 12-month follow-up, the patient was completely asymptomatic and had optimal PIP joint ROM (0°–90°) in her left long finger.

Lessons:
Although the treatment of an extensor injury of the PIP joint area is difficult, satisfactory outcomes can still be achieved, even in cases of injuries which are neglected for over a year, using a repair technique that can properly balance the length and tension between the central slip and lateral bands with the selection of appropriate postoperative treatment strategies.
Left atrial appendage thrombus formation in a patient with atrial fibrillation on dabigatran therapy associated with CES1 and ABCB1 genetic polymorphisms
Authors: Wu Tingting , Xia Xiaotong , Fu Jinglan , Chen Wenjun , Zhang Jinhua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor that is widely used to prevent the formation of thrombus formation. Amiodarone can increase the plasma concentration of dabigatran. CES1 (carboxylesterase 1) and ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1) genetic polymorphisms associate with the pharmacokinetics of dabigatran.

Patient concerns:
A 62-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to chest tightness, fatigue, and discomfort despite long-term anticoagulation with dabigatran 110 mg twice daily for 6 months, with concomitant use of amiodarone.

Diagnoses:
Left atrial appendage thrombus formation with a history of atrial fibrillation.

Interventions:
The clinician changed dabigatran to warfarin. To explore the causes of insufficient anticoagulation using dabigatran in this patient, we examined the ABCB1 and CES1 genes. Results showed that she carried ABCB1 variant alleles with 3 heterozygote single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs4148738, rs1045642, rs2032582) and CES1 variant alleles with 2 heterozygote SNPs (rs2244613, rs4580160).

Outcomes:
The left atrial appendage thrombus disappeared.

Lessons:
Multiple mutations in the ABCB1 and CES1 genes may influence the pharmacokinetics of dabigatran and could have contributed to the thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage.
Comparison of ropivacaine plus sufentanil and ropivacaine plus dexmedetomidine for labor epidural analgesia
Authors: Chen Gang , Gong Maowei , Liu Yi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Effective analgesia during delivery can not only decrease pain, but also have a significant function in ensuring the safety of baby and mother. Sufentanil is generally used opioid with ropivacaine in epidural anesthesia in labor pain management; however it can cause some adverse reaction. Dexmedetomidine is an a2-adrenoceptor agonist with high selectivity. It possesses opioid-sparing and analgesic effects and it is suitable for the long-term and short-term intraoperative sedation. The purpose of this present study is to compare the analgesic effect of ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine against ropivacaine with sufentanyl in epidural labor.

Methods:
This is a single center, placebo-controlled randomized trial which will be performed from May 2020 to May 2021. It was authorized via the Institutional Review Committee in the first medical center of Chinese PLA General Hospital (S2018-211-0). One hundred sixty full-term protozoa are included in this work. They are randomly divided into four groups (n = 40 per group): the RD1 group (with the epidural administration of 0.125% ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine of 0.5 μg/mL), and the RD2 group (with the epidural administration of 0.08% ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/mL), the RS1 group (with the epidural administration of 0.125% ropivacaine + sufentanil of 0.5 μg/mL), as well as RS2 group (with the epidural administration of 0.08% ropivacaine + sufentanil of 0.5 μg/mL). Clinical outcomes are pain score, a modified Bromage scale, the Ramsay Sedation Scale, and adverse reactions during analgesia. All the needed analyses are implemented through utilizing SPSS for Windows Version 20.0.

Results:
The first table shows the clinical outcomes between these four groups.

Conclusion:
This current work can provide a primary evidence regarding the clinical outcomes of dexmedetomidine versus sufentanil for labor epidural analgesia.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5877).