bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of hatching systems and different storage periods on hatching parameters of broiler breeder eggs
Authors: Alaamery L F N , Aldhanki Z T M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This experiment hypothesized that using on farm hatching system (OFHS) could decrease the negative effects of prolonged cold storage periods on hatchability parameters of broiler breeder eggs in comparison with traditional hatching system (THS). Five hundred and forty hatching eggs (57.37+1.29g) were distributed randomally into six treatments and 90 (eggs) replicates per treatment, as follows; eggs that did not expose to cold storage (12 to 15 ºC and RH was 60-70%) and incubated under THS and OFHS in first and second treatments respectively, in third and fourth treatments, eggs were cold stored for 4 days and incubated under THS and OFHS respectively, whereas, in fifth and sixth treatments eggs were cold stored for 9 days and incubated under THS and OFHS respectively. OFHS procedure involving combined last phase of incubation (in the hatcher) with first brooding period in farm, by putting fertile eggs in baskets 30 cm above the floor, and exposed fertile eggs to special environement (34-35 ºC, RH>40%), wheares, THS use a standard procedure followed in commercial hatcheries Most of hatched chicks (59.14%) spereaded for 12 hours, from 468 to 480 h, wheares, the rest of chicks hatched after that, in addition, THS had a siginificant increase hatchability of fertile eggs compared with OFHS, furthermore, the interactions between two factors revealed that using OFHS with 4 days of cold storage had no significant differences compared with THS without cold storage, which mean that OFHS could decrease the effect of storage periods, and the same trend appeared with 9 days of cold storage. In conclusion, OFHS could participate in constrained hatching windows and improve hatchability of fertile eggs with prolong periods of cold storage in comparison with THS.
Comparative study to evaluate productive performance of Iraqi Turkey female Strains.
Authors: AL-Janabi Y A M , Khafaji S S , ALJanabi T K , Altaie S M S , AL-Nedawi A M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The turkey females were randomly distributed on four groups, each group consisted of 12 birds depend on strain. The strains as follow, (T1): red turkey strain, (T2): bronze turkey strain, (T3): white turkey strain, (T4): black turkey strain. Each group constituted from 3 replicates and each replicate has 4 females. All birds housed under same environmental conditions. Feed and water were available (ad libitum) for all the period. Birds were fed on diet contains 20% crude protein and 2950 Kcal metabolic energy / kg through the experimental period. The flock was reared in a ground cages (pens) during the experiment period. Eggs were collected twice daily. Black turkey strain achieved the highest results, whereas the red strain recorded the lowest results in all traits measured in this study, also white turkey strain had superior on bronze turkey strain in all traits. Results revealed that strain had Significant effected on egg production rate, cumulative eggs number, egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion ratio, but, there was no significant effected for strain on feed intake.
The comparison of several methods for calculating the degree of heritability and calculating the number of genes in maize (Zea mays L.). I. Agronomic traits
Authors: Hadi B H , Hassan W A , Wuhiab K M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe objective of present study was to compare of several methods for estimating the degree of heritability and calculating the number of genes using generation mean analysis of maize (Zea maysL.). The experiment was conducted at the field of Field Crop Dept. College of Agric / Univ. of Baghdad, for many seasons, spring and fall seasons 2009, 2010, spring 2011 and fall 2013.Six diverse inbred lines were crossed to produce F1,F2,BC1 and BC2 for four superior crosses.Broad-sense and narrow sense heritability estimates based on variance of different generations. The results showed that the four formulas used to estimate the heritability were different in estimating the values of heritability of different traits, as well as the different crosses used in the study. The broad sense heritability was differed according to the components of the formulas used to estimate. The number of genes that controlled the trait differed according to the different method of estimation and according to the studied trait, and to the all crosses. The highest number of genes (for all formulas) for plant yield, ranging from 15.85 (cross 4) to 155.7 (cross 2), because the yield is complex quantitative trait of several components, so the number of genes they control are the sum of genes that control the components. The inbreeding depression differed according to the parents involved in the crosses, and according to the studied trait, the inbreeding depression ranged from -7 for number of branches/tassel of cross 1 and leaf area of cross 3 to 68 for grain yield of cross 2. We can conclude that the best formula to estimate heritability depends on experimental design and methods of breeding.
Effect of barassinolide on growth characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water stress
Authors: Toman S S , Jasim A H , Kadhim Z K , Hassan A A H , Hamzah R M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis experiment was conducted in the laboratories of the Seed Testing and Certification Division-Babylon province in 2018 in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates and two factors. The first factor included the addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) with three levels of water stress of 0 bar, -6 bar, and -9 bar which are herein denoted by S1, S2, and S3, respectively. The second factor included three stimulation treatments of wheat seeds by soaking the seeds in the plant hormone, Brassinolide for 24 hours with concentrations of 0 mg liter-1, 2 mg liter -1, and 4 mg liter-1 which are denoted by B0, B1, and B2, respectively. The results showed that water stress adversely affected wheat seedling characteristics. With the water stress level S2, the lowest average period of germination initiation was 3.33 days, germination period was 3.38 days, drought resistance index at germination reached 1.01, total chlorophyll content was 27.91 mg/100 g fresh weight, and gibberellin content was 29.8 micromolar. The treatments with Brassinolide achieved a significant improvement in plant characteristics where B2 treatment realized the lowest average period of germination initiation of 2.58 days and drought resistance index during germination of 1.11. B2 treatment also achieved 22.13% increase in total chlorophyll content, 66.53% increase in gibberellin content, and 43.81% increase in Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) compared to the control treatment B0 without Brassinolide.
Effect of planting date and spraying of humic acid in the growth traits and active compounds of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum – graecum L)
Authors: Majid H A , Salim H A , Fahmi A H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study was conducted at the Crops Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Diyala during the years 2017-2018 to evaluate the effect of planting dates and spraying of humic acid in the growth characteristics and active compounds of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum –graecum L). The experiment was carried out according to factorial arrangement in a complete randomized blocks design (RCBD) with three replicates and two factors, the first include planting dates (15/10,1/11,15/11) and the second is spraying of the humic acid at a concentration of 2 and 4 ml / L−1. Results revealed that the planting dates had a significant effect in the studied traits, the first date (15/10) recorded the highest rate of plant height (84.89 cm), seeds yield (7.805 g / plant−1 ), seeds yield / hectare (770.2 kg / h−1), number of branches (9.67 branches / Plant−1), number of leaves (146.6 leaves / plant−1), dry plant weight (20.11 g/plant−1), number of pods (47.33 pods / plant−1), number of seeds (14.44 seeds / pod−1), weight of 100 seeds (1.502 g) and the active compounds such as Choline (170.99 mg/ml−1), Trigonelline (305.73 mg/ml−1), Carpine (95.89 mg/ml−1) and Gentianine (191.11 mg/ml−1). The spraying of humic acid at a concentration of 4 ml / L was superior significantly in all traits such as plant height (74.67 cm), seeds yield (7.220 g / plant−1), seeds yield / hectare (710.0 kg / h−1), number of branches (8.11 branches / plant−1), number of leaves (61.00 leaves / plant−1), dry plant weight (20.44 g/plant−1), number of pods (38.22 pods / plant−1), number of seeds (14.00 seeds / pod−1), Choline (163.61 mg/ml−1), Trigonelline (283.86 mg/ml−1), Carpine (83.92 mg/ml−1) and Gentianine (183.03 mg/ml−1).
The effect of foliar application of the bio-stimulant “Felloton” on growth and yield of wheat.
Authors: Assal B A , Khalaf I T , Kadheim H , Arak R R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of spraying a sea weed extract with different concentration on growth and yield of two wheat cultivars (Barcelona and IPA99). The planets were fertilized with 40Kg N + 40Kg P hectare−1 as basal application. At the jointing stage the nutritional extract was sprayed with the following concentrations (control, 200 ml, 300 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml/100 liter of water). The experiment laid out was in split-plot RCBD. The concentrations occupied the main plots and, the varieties had the sub-plots with three replicates. Results showed that Barcelona variety out yielded IPA cultivar on the over whole studied traits (plant height, leaf number, flag leaf area, plant dry weight, spike length, number of seed/spikes, weight of 100 grain, grain, and straw yield. The concentration 300 ml/100 liter of water gave the highest means. There was no significant difference between control with 200 ml/100 liter of water and 400 ml with 500 ml/100 liter of water in planet height, number of leaves, planer dry weight, spike length, number of seeds/spikes, weight of 100 grain, grain, and straw yield. Barcelona variety gave 5.16 ton of seed yield compared with 4.83 Ton hectare−1 for 1PA cultivar. The interaction between Barcelona and 300 ml/100 liter of water gave the best results.
Influence of different natural media on production of myco-diesel
Authors: Shafiq S A , Chechan R A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current study was an attempt to produce mycodieselusing by six oleaginous fungal isolatesAspergillusfumigates, Aspergillusterreus, Aspergillusflavus, Trichodermaharizanum, Penicilliumsp. and Fusariumgraminearum during the culturing on natural culture media from various types of agro-wastes as prospective nutritional sources (almonds husks, peanut husks and sunflower husks).The results of biomass (dry weight) showed the higher biomass value was obtained using, almonds husks firstly (4.54, 4.64, 3.30, 3.04, 1.02, 1.00 ) g / L for six oleaginous fungal isolates A. fumigatus, A.terreus, T. harizanum, F. Graminearum, Penicilliumsp. and Fusarium graminearum respectively then followed peanut husks and sunflower husks. Likewisethe height yield of lipids using almonds husks forsix oleaginous fungal isolates were recorded high lipid productivity compared with peanut husks and sunflower husks (0.77, 1.13,0.30, 0.45, 0.05, 0.03) g / L respectively. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis of the lipids contents by gas chromatographywere identified the presence of palmitic, oleic acids, stearic acid and linoleic acid in all isolates or fatty acid methyl esteranalysis showed the predominant of saturated fatty acid than unsaturated fatty acid this indicates that the fungal lipid obtained has the same properties of biodiesel and the saturated forms give more favorable properties of biodiesel and for optimized biodiesel.
Comparison between protein and amino acids of mushroom Agarieus bispours with some kinds of meat and meat’s products
Authors: AL-Hussainy K S J , AL-Fadhly N K Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Results indicated that the percentage of protein in mushroom was approached with it in sheep’s meat, but it was higher than the others. Also, the protein was higher than eggs, cow’s milk, sheep’s milk and cheese of cow’s milk, while it was lower than it in cheese of sheep’s milk which contained the higher one among these samples. Results show that sheep’s meat contained highest percentage of Valine and Lysine while it contained lowest percentage of Isoleucine. Fish contained highest of Threonine and Isoleucine, but shrimp surpasse in Leucine. However, eggs contained highest of Phenylalanine and cow’s milk was rich in Methionine. Threonine, Methionine and Lysine were found in lowest percentage in eggs, while cow’s milk contained lowest of Leucine and Phenylalanine, also Valine was low in cheese of sheep’s milk. Cow’s milk contained highest of Glutamic acid, Proline and Tyrosine, while it contained lowest of Alanine. Shrimp contained highest of Aspartic acid and Glycine, but fish surpassed in Alanine, but sheep’s meat contained the highest of Arginine. Glycine, Arginine, Proline and Tyrosine were found in lowest percentage in eggs, while cow’s milk has the lowest portion of Glutamic acid. Also, chicken contained lowest percentage of Aspartic acid. Fish contained highest percentage of Serine, while cow’s milk contained highest of Histadine. But cow’s meat contained low amounts of Serine and Histadine. Methionine, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Glutamic acid, Arginine, Alanine, Tyrosine and Histadine in mushroom was close to sheep’s meat as well as close to shrimp in the percentage of Methionine, Valine, Glycine and Proline. Also, the percentage of Lysine was close with it in cow’s milk, Aspartic acid in mushroom was close to the percentage of it in cheese of sheep’s milk, while Serine was close with it in chicken and cheese of cow’s milk.
The Role of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum in properties of plant (Vicia faba) under different levels of salinity
Authors: Al-Karhi M A J , Ismail W M , Hussein M N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the role of inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum and soil salinity levels (4, 6, 8 or dsm−1). Their interrelationship with the chlorophyll content and the weight and number of root nodes of the Vicia Faba L. plant. Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteria were isolated from soil grown in the previous season with Rhizobium with salts 4, Rhizobium with salts 6, Rhizobium with salts 8, and Without fertilization. The experiment results showed that the isolates were superior to the rhizobia isolates, it showed also that RS1 isolates were superior to RS2 and RS3 in most studied traits, with the highest rate of root nodules (22.33 node. Plant−1) and the dry weight of root nodules (157.53 mg.plant−1) salinity levels were significantly higher than the lowest level of S1 salinity. The results showed that the levels of 4dsm−1 at high levels (6 and 8 ds.m−1) were higher than those of chlorophyll content, number of root nodes, The chlorophyll content (20.32 mg.gm−1 fresh weight), While the number of root nodules and the dry weight of the root nodule (22.50 nodules.Plant−1 and 159.06 mg.plant−1). The interaction between Rhizobium leguminosarum and 4ds.m−1 salinity was higher in all studied traits. Interference between isolation R and S1 was highest in dry weight of root nodule, number of root nodules and chlorophyll content (184.30 mg.plant−1, 27.00 node. Plant−1, 22.15 mg.gm−1) respectively.
Using GIS towards soil mapping of Latifia project/Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: AL Mashhadani H A , AL-Mosawi N A E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A cartographic analysis of the Latifiya area project map was carried out using GIS for an estimated total area of 48001.94 ha, whose coordinates are between 32, 99 90233 60388 north, 44 37219, 44 34 056 east, where a picture of the map was taken by the scanner. The results of the analysis have shown that the highest frequent soil series was DM87 series, with the largest area of 10142.58 ha, with an area of 22.46% and a frequency of 55, while the series MW9 has the smallest area that reached 924.60 hectares with an area of 2.04% at8 appearance Aruqub area reached 6419.89 hectares by 14.21% area of the totalarea, as well as have been identified or soil association units and reached number7 Repetition Soil units associated by a series of DM87 the largest area where the units associated to DW56,DW85, DW33, DW3.
Morphology of temperature field of heat pipe in conditions of photon
Authors: Karachinov V , Petrov D , Evstigneev D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Within the framework of computer experiment with the use of finite element method the technique of visualization of nonstationary temperature field morphology in the design of heat pipe having a symmetrical structure in the presence of localized heat flow source of a certain shape is developed. The features of the structure of isothermal surfaces and lines are visualized and investigated for the uniform starting mode model in the range of power values of the heat flux source induced by photon heating P = 0 ÷ 5W on both sides of the center of the pipe.
Mechanical properties of weld joints of TiNi alloy wire used in force elements
Authors: Khlopkov E A , Kurushkin D V , Ostropiko E S , Khanaev V M , Sapozhkov S B , Vyunenko Yu N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents data on the mechanical testing of argon-arc weld joints of the TiNi 55.42 % wt. wires diameter of 2 mm. The mathematical modeling results of the temperature fields evolution of the weld zone during cooling are given.
Impact of thermocycling type on nature of changing reversible deformations in titanium nickelide
Authors: Kryuchkov S V , Bogdanov N P , Malinin V G , Savich V L , Konovalov M N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
For cyclic functioning of mechanisms for various functional purposes based on materials with a shape memory effect (SME), it is necessary to possess skills of forming the characteristics of a cyclic shape memory, i.e. the shape memory effect implemented upon heating and plasticity of direct transformation observed upon cooling of the material under load. For this purpose, a systematic experimental research of the impact of a type (mode) of thermocycling of samples of titanium nickelide under torsion on the nature of changing reversible deformations in the process of thermocycling was performed. To assess quantitatively the effectiveness of a thermocycle, the value of a thermocycle completeness coefficient was introduced which is determined as the ratio of the value of the deformation restored for a cycle to the value of the deformation accumulated for a thermocycle. Three modes of loading were studied.
1. The material was loaded in a martensitic state to a certain level, then it was heated through the interval of a reverse martensitic transformation, in the austenitic state it was unloaded and cooled to its original state.
2. The material was loaded in a martensitic state, then heated through the interval of a reverse martensitic transformation to an austenitic state and cooled to its original state.
3. The material loaded in a martensitic state was unloaded. Then it was heated through the interval of a reverse martensitic deformation to an austenitic state in a free state, where it was loaded and the loaded material was cooled to a martensitic state. For all thermomechanical modes of loading upon heating, the value of the deformation restored and accumulated upon cooling was defined experimentally.
It has been experimentally found that the highest value of the restored deformation is implemented in the third loading mode, and the lowest one – in the first one. The intermediate deformation is implemented in the second mode.
The highest value of the deformation determined by the effect of the direct transformation plasticity takes place in the third mode.
Vibration stability criterion in assessing the dynamic quality and limiting capabilities of machine tools
Authors: Shvetsov I V , Vasilkov D V , Tarikov I Ya 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The vibration resistance of the dynamic system of a cutting machine is considered as a criterion for assessing its dynamic quality and limiting capabilities. An example of diagnosing a group of machines of the same type by the criterion of vibration resistance with an assessment of their current state is given.
Resonance magnetoelectric characteristics of Terfenol-D/Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3/Ni asymmetric three layered composites
Authors: Liu Ying , Yang Chao , Zhou Peng , Srinivasan Gopalan , Qi Yajun , Liang Kun , Zhang Tianjin , Filippov D A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Three resonance modes, a first-order bending resonance mode and nonlinear and first-order longitudinal resonance modes, were observed in Terfenol-D/lead zirconate titanate(PZT)/Ni asymmetric magnetoelectric(ME) laminated composites. The ME outputs and resonance modes were tuned by the ratio of the thickness of the Ni negative magnetostrictive layer to the Terfenol-D positive magnetostrictive layer that of the(t
Ni/t
T). As (t
Ni/t
T) increased from 0.4 to 2.0, the strength of the first-order longitudinal resonance mode was decreased, while the first-order bending resonance was enhanced. The asymmetric threelayered composites exhibited a large ME coefficient of 250mV/(cm Oe) under a bias magnetic field of 400 Oe at quasi-static frequency (1 kHz). This work sheds some light on the design of ME composites with tunable ME resonance modes and multifrequency operation.
Performance Improvement and Parameter Influence of Thread Shaft by Axial Self-infeed Rolling Process
Authors: Zhang Shuowen , Fan Shuqin , Zhao Shengdun , Wang Yongfei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The rolling process is an important processing technology for improving the performances of thread shaft. In this paper, the axial self-infeed rolling process is investigated. The principle of the axial self-infeed rolling process is introduced and the performances of the formed thread shaft with copper T2 are evaluated. In addition, the major diameter of the formed thread shaft and the rolling torque during the axial self-infeed rolling process are studied. The hardness of the formed thread shaft with copper T2 is improved 74.2% and the microstructure is fibrous tissue in the bottom of the tooth groove. The size of the blank has greater impact on the major diameter and the forming torque than the rotating speed of the blank.
A Portable Fluorescent Microfluidic Detection Device Based on FPGA
Authors: Wu Gangshan , Chen Chiyuan , Yang Ning , Xu Peifeng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fluorescence analysis method has high sensitivity, but the difference between photoelectric converters will lead to inaccurate data. To solve the problem of the separation of effective and unwanted light in the process of fluorescence conversion and the noise of small-scale variable amplification. This paper designs a method of modulating the light source makes the fluorescent light be a kind of differential signal that is easily extracted by the photoelectric conversion circuit and amplified, and then uses digital devices FPGA and ADC to achieve signal acquisition and processing, and finally it is presented in the form of a dark room box. In this paper, a novel detection structure is used as a discussion point, and a low-power, high-precision, low-cost signal processing system has been introduced in detail, and mainly used in 500 The fluorescence in the wavelength range of -600 nm was tested. The mathematical relationship between different fluorescence intensities and the post-conversion variables was established. In the subsequent product development, the detection of different wavelengths of light can be achieved by replacing the excitation light source and the corresponding filter, providing a simple circuit processing method for designing photoelectric probes, biomedical detection, and chemical applications.