bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Deterioration Diabetic Nephropathy via Stimulating Secretion of Cytokines
Authors: Liu Chen xiao , Li Qi , Feng Xiu , Zhu Jian , Li Qian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) refers to a cardiovascular and metabolic hormone that has been identified recently for chronic kidney disease (CKD) without diabetes. Cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis element-α (TNF-α) as well as adiponectin (ADP)) contribute to development of diabetes of type 2 (T2DM). The aim here was at investigating ANP and some cytokines extents for a systematic analysis of relationship level in T2DM nephropathy patients. Methods: Plasma samples from T2DM patients (n=81) in accordance with albuminuria were split into normoalbuminuria (n=37), microalbuminuria (n=23) and macroalbuminuria (n=21), as collected after the consent was received. Based on enzyme-associated immunosorbent test, ANP, TNF-α, IL-6 and ADP in plasma underwent the quantification, and the data received the analysis for determining the correlation between ANP and cytokines among 3 cohorts. Results: The present study reported that macroalbuminuria patients exhibited higher plasma levels of ANP, TNF-α, IL-6, ADP, serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) than the cases subjected to normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. Plasma ANP level was significantly associated with TNF-α, IL-6 and ADP, independently of duration of DM and BUN. Conclusion: Elevated serum ANP levels are likely to impact the metabolism of adipose tissue and inflammation which involved in the pathogenesis and progression of DN.
Risk Factors for Abdominal Wound Dehiscence in Neonates: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Duan Shouxing , Zhang Xuan , Jiang Xuewu , Ou Wenhui , Fu Maxian , Chen Kaihong , Xie Xinquan , Xiao Wenfeng , Zheng Lian , Ma Shuhua , Li Jianhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Abdominal wound dehiscence (AWD) is a major complication of abdominal surgery, neonates are a group with a high risk of AWD, which has serious consequences or can even result in death. The purpose of this study is to explore the risk factors for neonatal AWD.Methods: The clinical data for 453 cases of neonatal laparotomy from June 2009 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, among which 27 cases of AWD were found. Nine factors, including gender, age at admission, weight at admission, preterm delivery, level of preoperative anemia, hypoalbuminemia, operation time, incision length, and incision type, were analyzed to explore their correlation with neonatal AWD.Results: The incidence of neonatal AWD was 6.0% (27/453), of which partial wound dehiscence 4.9% (22/453) and complete wound dehiscence 1.1% (5/453). Anemia, hypoproteinemia, and wound contamination were the main risk factors for neonatal AWD. The AWD-free survival rates for infants with severe anemia and mild to moderate anemia were 83.3% and 91.2%, respectively. The AWD-free survival rates for those with hypoproteinemia, type II and type III incision were 88.0%, 95.1% and 87.1%, respectively.Conclusion: Neonatal AWD is closely related to anemia, hypoproteinemia, and incision contamination. It is of great significance for the prevention of neonatal AWD to strengthen nutritional support, correct preoperative anemia, and control infection.Trial registration: Research Registry, researchregistry5350. Registered 01 February 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/5e359028eef79c001577fa18/
Impact of Qiangdi 863 Nanosynergids Treated Water on Rice Physiology, Grain Production, and Grain Quality
Authors: Younas Afifa , Yousaf Zubaida , Fiaz Sajid , Rashid Madiha , Riaz Nadia , Aftab Arusa , Huang Shiwen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGlobal warming, climate change, environmental stress and population increase have threatened food security and increased food production demand. Increasing Rice productions could be a better solution to solve or at least decrease the severity of the global food crisis. The modern rice cultivation techniques have been insufficient for sustainable rice production. So, Qiangdi 863 nano synergid is hypothesized to enhance the early growth of rice, rice physiology, grain yield, and grain quality. ResultsThe present study was carried out to determine the role of Qiangdi 863 nano synergid on the growth and yield of one Chinese rice variety Zhongzao 39 and four Pakistani rice varieties KSK 133, KS 282, Super basmati, and PK 1121 aromatic. Field experiments were conducted during the years 2017, 2018, and 2019. Appling nano-treated water enhanced the germination rate along with radicle and plumule lengths and improved the photosynthesis rate, SPAD value in rice leaves for all five varieties. The results showed that nano-treated water improved the anti-oxidant Catalase activity (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Peroxide (POD) production, declined Malondialdehyde (MDA content), enhanced endogenous Salicylic acid (SA), Jasmonates (JA) Brassinosteroids (BR) hormonal concentration and yield parameters of rice in 2017, 18 and 19 years of data. ConclusionThese findings indicate that nano synergids can be effectively used for rice cultivation in different environmental conditions (China and Pakistan). This is the first reported application of Qiangdi 863 nano synergid in Pakistani rice varieties with effective outcomes highlighting significant results in KSK 133.
Does Unilateral Thyroid Cancer Affect The Malignant Risk Of Contralateral Thyroid Nodules?-A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Huan , Jin Jun , Chen Qiao , Li Zhongmin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of thyroid nodules increased significantly, but the mortality rate of thyroid cancer remained stable or even decreased. However, surgical treatment of thyroid nodules is more aggressive, including the number and scope of surgery. the purpose of our study was to evaluate whether unilateral thyroid nodules affect the malignancy risk of contralateral thyroid nodules. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on all patients with thyroid nodules in a tertiary hospital within one year. Unilateral and bilateral thyroid nodules were the control group and the experimental group, respectively. Based on the TI-RADS grades, the experimental group and the control group were divided into two subgroups. We used chi-square test or Fisher's exact test to evaluate whether there were statistical differences in the incidence and pathological types of thyroid cancer between the experimental group and the control group. Results Our study showed that there was no significant difference in malignant risk between the experimental group 1 and the control group 1, and the experimental group 2 and the control group 2 (20%vs35%, p=0.724, 63.16%vs76.32%, p=0.297, respectively). Both the a-side thyroid of the experimental group and the control group were papillary thyroid carcinoma, including micropapillary thyroid carcinoma, and there was no difference in the proportion of micropapillary thyroid carcinoma (p = 0.200, 0.620, respectively). Conclusions There is no evidence that bilateral thyroid nodules affect each other in terms of malignant risk, that is, in bilateral thyroid nodules, unilateral thyroid cancer does not change the malignant risk of contralateral thyroid nodules.This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2000038611, registration time: 2020-09-26.
Associations of Early Marriage and Early Childbearing with Anemia Among Adolescent Girls in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of Nationwide Survey
Authors: Tiruneh Fentanesh Nibret , Tenagashaw Mesfin Wogayehu , Asres Degnet Teferi , Cherie Hirut Assaye 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Early marriage and early childbearing are common practices in Ethiopia. Girls who got married and give birth at a very young age are more likely to experience several health problems including anemia among others. However, the effects of early marriage and early childbearing on anemia status of adolescent girls have not been quantified in previous studies. In this study, we assessed whether early marriage and early childbearing measured at both individual and community levels are associated with adolescent anemia. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2016 demographic and health survey of Ethiopia. Our study concentrated on 3,172 late female adolescents (15-19 years). For bivariate analysis, we used the chi-squared test and spearman correlation coefficients. The relationship between early marriage and childbearing with anemia was evaluated using multilevel binary logistic regression models while controlling other determinants.Results: Overall prevalence of anemia among female adolescents was 23.8 (95% CI; 22.3-25.2). Our multivariable multilevel analysis showed that individual-level marital status (AOR=1.53, 95% CI=1.06-2.02) and community-level childbearing status (AOR=2.80, 95% CI 1.25-6.29) were positively associated with anemia among female adolescents.Conclusion: Our findings show that the consequences of early marriage and early childbearing on adolescent anemia are significant. There is a need to avoid early marriage and childbearing in Ethiopia to improve the health status of adolescent girls.
An Environmental GIS-based Variable Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in the City of Recife, Brazil
Authors: Souza Arthur , Mota Caroline , Rosa Amanda , Figueiredo Ciro , Candeias Ana Lucia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Given the increasing rates at which cases of people infected by Covid-19 have been evolving to case-fatality rates on a global scale and the context of there being a world-wide socio-economic crisis, decision-making must be undertaken based on prioritizing effective measures to control and combat the disease since there is a lack of effective drugs and as yet no vaccine. Method: This paper explores the determinant factors of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on Recife, Pernambuco-Brazil by performing both local and global spatial regression analysis on two types of environmental data-sets. Data were obtained from ten specific days between late April and early July 2020, comprehending the ascending, peak and descending behaviours of the curve of infections.Results: This study highlights the importance of identifying and mapping clusters of the most affected neighbourhoods and their determinant effects. We have identified that it is increasingly common for there to be a phase in which hotspots of confirmed cases appear in a well-developed and heavily densely-populated neighbourhood of the city of Recife. From there, the disease is carried to areas characterised by having a precarious provision of public services and a low-income population and this quickly creates hotspots of case-fatality rates. The results also help to understand the influence of the age, income, level of education of the population and, additionally, of the extent to which they can access public services, on the behaviour of the virus across neighbourhoods.Conclusion: This study supports government measures against the spread of Covid-19 in heterogeneous cities, evidencing social inequality as a driver for a high incidence of fatal cases of the disease. Understanding the variables which influence the local dynamics of the virus spread becomes vital for identifying the most vulnerable regions for which prevention actions need to be developed.
Association Between Social Capital and Obesity Among Older Adults in China: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Yang Le , Cheng Jingmin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Under the global aging trend, health issues of the elderly have received more and more attention. Among them, older adults’ obesity is one of the common health problems of the elderly. There are few studies on the association between social capital and obesity in the elderly. We examined whether social capital was associated with obesity in the elderly.Methods: The data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) —wave 8 (2017–2018) was used in this study. Totally, 9551 respondents were included in the final analysis. Generalized trust, informal social interaction and participation of organized social activities were used as measures of social capital. Body mass index (BMI) were used as outcomes. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess associations between the social capital and health outcomes, adjusting for confounders.Results: We found that the elderly who did not trust people around them had greater odds of being obese compared to those who trust people around them [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.117, 95% CI 1.006 to 1.229]. The elderly interacting with friends (AOR 1.240, 95% CI 1.006 to 1.229) and participating in organized social activities (AOR 1.182, 95% CI 1.062 to 1.301) registered considerably higher BMI.Conclusions: These results confirm the importance of social capital in older adults’ obesity prevention in China, all dimensions of social capital are associated with obesity in the elderly. Furthermore, the positive and negative effects of social capital on obesity in the elderly should be more considered and examined.
WITHDRAWN: Effectiveness of the Classification for the Phosphorus Use Efficiency Traits at the Seedling Stage in Lentil
Authors: Aski Muraleedhar S , Rai Neha , Reddy Venkat Praksh , Dikshit Harsh Kumar , Mishra Gyan Prakash , Singh Dharmendra , Chakravarty Gayacharan , B Arun Kumar M , Pandey Renu , Singh Madan Pal , Udupa Sripad , KUMAR SHIV , Mehra Reena , Sarker Ashutosh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Understanding the morphology of the root system in lentils is critical for the identification of root characteristics for breeding cultivars with enhanced phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) to better adapt to poor P environments. PUE and variability in root morphological characteristics at the early vegetative stage were investigated among 40 indigenous and exotic lentil genotypes in a hydroponic phenotyping system.Results: A prerequisite for developing P-efficient crop cultivars is to categorise existing germplasm. In this experiment, 40 lentil genotypes were grown for 24 days under P deficit (3 μm KH2PO4) and P adequate (250 μm KH2PO4) conditions in hydroponics. Lentil genotypes exhibited significant variability for root, biomass, and P efficiency traits. Different techniques have identified various genotypes of lentils based on the efficiency of phosphorus uptake (PUPE) and the efficiency of phosphorus utilization (PUTE). IG 568229 showed the highest PUPE, while the wild ILWL-15 lentil showed the lowest PUPE in both media. The wild lentil ILWL-95 showed maximum PUTE under P adequate medium. The IC 560135, IG 334, IG 560157 and IG 568229 genotypes were found to be highly efficient at both P levels and to be ideal for a large range of P levels without having a drastic impact on biomass output.Conclusions: The primary step for breeding more P-efficient crop plants is the classification of the germplasm. IC 560135 and IC 268238 contrasting lentil lines may be useful for mapping population development, mapping and tagging of gene(s), QTLs for PUE in lentil. These efficient P crops also ensure food and nutritional security, in addition to reducing the cost of cultivation.
Medical Malpractice Litigation Following Spine Surgery in Beijing: The Past 6 Years.
Authors: Hu Dong , Gu Suxi , Liu Huawei , Yang Huadong , Song Fei , Xiao Songhua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Spine surgeons in particular face the most hostile liability environment among the surgical specialties. Systemic studies related to spine surgery litigation in China is absent. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of medical malpractice litigation involving spine surgery in Beijing for the past 6 years.Methods: Two online legal databases, Wusong and Weike, were queried for court verdicts involving spine surgery from Jan 2013 to Dec 2018 in Beijing. For all included cases, data pertaining to defendants, plaintiffs, case outcomes, allegations, and verdicts were abstracted, and descriptive analyses were performed. Results: A total of 186 legal cases were examined, 122 cases were excluded due to irrelevance or insufficient information. Of the 64 cases included in this investigation, 40.6% of them were male. The mean age of the plaintiffs was 53.2 ± 18.6 years. The most common complaint addressed in this study is dissatisfaction with consent (53.1%, n=34), followed by additional surgery required (40.2%, n=26), unsatisfactory outcome to surgery (17.6%, n=11), postoperative paralysis (15.6%, n=10) and postoperative infection (15.6%, n=10). The most common primary disease among all the cases is lumbar spinal stenosis (28.1%, n=18), followed by spinal tumor (18.8%, n=12), cervical spondylosis (17.2%, n=11), vertebral fracture (14.1%, n=9), deformity (12.5%, n=8) and others (9.3%, n=6). Spine surgeons successfully defended themselves in 13 cases (20.3%), which resulted in no indemnity payment. The rest 51 cases (79.7%) were closed with an average verdict payout of 155,562 Yuan, which was significant lower than the average compensation claimed by the plaintiff (783,172 Yuan) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Identifying the most common reasons for litigation and summarizing their characteristics may help decrease litigation rate and improve the patient experience. Further investigations with larger sample size and more complete database are needed.
Predictors of Asthma-related Quality of Life in a Large Cohort of Asthmatics: Towards a New Vison on Feno – A Cross-sectional Study in a Secondary Care Center&nbsp;
Authors: Louis Gilles , Pétré Benoit , Schleich Florence , Zahraei Halehsadat Nekoee , Donneau Anne-Françoise , Silvestre Aude , Henket Monique , Paulus Virginie , Guissard Françoise , Guillaume Michèle , Louis Renaud 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent decades, measures of asthma-related quality of life have become important outcomes alongside clinical objective outcomes. In this study we sought to investigate the predictors of asthma-related quality of life in a large cohort of patients recruited from a secondary care center. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on asthmatics recruited from the asthma clinic of Chu Liège (Belgium). After carrying out a descriptive analysis highlighting the distribution of the mini asthma quality of life questionnaire (Mini-AQLQ) and its 4 dimensions (symptoms, activity limitation, emotional function and environmental stimuli), we performed a multiple regression analysis to identify the independent predictors of AQLQ.Results: The median score (IQR) of global AQLQ was 4,53 (3,47-5,6), while the median score of symptom dimension, activity dimension, emotional dimension and environmental dimension were 4,2(3,2-5,4), 4,8 (3,3-6), 4,7 (3,3-6) et 4,7 (3,7-6) respectively. Multiple regression beta analysis showed that AQLQ and its 4 dimensions were primarily associated with asthma control test (ACT) (p<0,0001 in all instances). Female gender was associated with altered asthma quality of life for its activity and environmental dimension (p<0,05 for both), while current smokers had a greater asthma quality of life in its environmental dimension (p<0,0001). Receiving any asthma treatment was associated with impaired asthma quality of life in its emotional dimension. BMI was associated with impaired asthma quality of life in its activity dimension (p<0,0001), while the reverse was found regarding FeNO (p<0,0001). Conclusion: Asthma control is the main predictor of asthma-related quality of life, but demographic factors like gender, smoking status and BMI may impact some dimensions of the asthma quality of life. FeNO is an independent predictor of the activity dimension of AQLQ and positively associated with it.
Dietary choline enhanced skin immune response of juvenile grass carp might be related to STAT3 and NF-kB signaling pathway (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Yuan Ze-Hong , Feng Lin , Jiang Wei-dan , Wu Pei , Liu Yang , Jiang Jun , Kuang Sheng-yao , Tang Ling , Zhou Xiao-Qiu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Choline is an indispensable vitamin of fish; which deficiency affects fish health. Fish health is affected by skin immune function. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary choline on skin immune function as well as underlying mechanisms of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).Results: The results exhibited that dietary choline (1) advanced the content of phosphatidylcholine (PC), betaine, and choline in grass crap skin (P < 0.05), up-regulated the mRNA abundance of choline transporter CHT1, CTL5, and CTL1 indicating that dietary choline could increase the contents of choline might be connected with choline transporters in the grass carp skin; (2) receded skin lesion and increased the level of IgM, C4, C3, and the activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and lysozyme activity (LZ), raised mucin2, β-defensin, hepcidin, and LEAP-2B mRNA abundance (rather than LEAP-2A), down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA abundance (IFN-γ2, IL-15, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12P40, and IL-1β) in skin of juvenile grass carp (P < 0.05), up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines mRNA abundance ( IL-10, IL-4/13A, TGF-β1, IL-11, and IL-4/13B) in grass crap skin (P < 0.05) demonstrating that choline enhanced the skin immune function; (3) down-regulated the mRNA abundance of IKKγ, NF-κBp52, , IKKβ, c-Rel, NF-κBp65, STAT3b2, STAT3b1 JAK1, and JAK2 as well as protein level of NF-κBp65 and p-STAT3 Tyr705 in nucleus, inhibited the mRNA and protein level of IkBα (P < 0.05), indicating that choline enhanced immune function might be relevant to JAK/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathway in fish skin.Conclusions: In conclusion, choline enhanced the skin immune function might be relate to JAK/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling molecules in fish. Furthermore, based on immune indices of grass carp (9.28-108.97g) skin (C3 and IgM contents as well as ACP activities), the choline requirements were estimated to be 1475.81, 1364.24, and 1574.37 mg/kg diet, respectively.