bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification and Clinicopathologic Study of Orofacial Mesenchymal Tumors: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Akinyamoju Akindayo Olufunto , Adeyemi Bukola Folasade , Kolude Bamidele 
Published: May 2020

Aim: To determine the prevalence of orofacial mesenchymal neoplasms and classify them using the WHO criteria while appraising its applicability. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving a total sample of 192 entries diagnosed as mesenchymal tumors for the period 1990-2018 at the Oral Pathology Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan. The histopathology records were examined and clinicopathological data were obtained. Hematoxylin and Eosin slides of the cases were assessed to confirm the diagnosis. Tumors were classified using the WHO 2013 classification. Data were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics. Results: Orofacial mesenchymal tumors constituted 7.9% of 2402 biopsies. There were 26 diagnoses in 161 tumors of the WHO classification. Male-to-female ratio was 1.1:1. Peak age group was in the third decade. Soft tissue tumors were 61.5%, while bone tumors were 38.5%. Benign tumors constituted 49.5%, while sarcomas and intermediate tumors were 45.8% and 4.7%, respectively. The mandibular region (29.7%) was the most commonly affected site. Adipocytic and osteogenic tumors were the most prevalent tumors in the soft tissue and osteoarticular series, respectively, representing 19.8% and 32.3% of all cases, while orofacial sarcomas constituted 3.6% of all lesions seen. Conclusion: The findings in this study are in line with those of previous studies. However, the WHO classification may not be suited for the orofacial region. Crafting of a classification system for mesenchymal tumors of the orofacial region would thus be necessary.
The combined effects of product and geographical diversification on performance: Evidence in manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Benito-Osorio Diana , Colino Alberto , Guerras-Martín Luis Ángel , Zúñiga-Vicente José Ángel 
Published: May 2020

This study explores both the individual impact of geographical diversification and its effect combined with product diversification on small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) performance. Unlike most prior studies, this study distinguishes between related and unrelated product diversification. The research setting is a sample of manufacturing SMEs (1994–2014). By using dynamic panel data models, the results provide statistical support for the existence of a horizontal S-shaped relationship between geographical diversification and performance. The findings also indicate that while related product diversification positively enhances the performance of those SMEs engaged in geographical diversification (albeit not indefinitely), unrelated product diversification may significantly impair it, especially for SMEs opting for low and high levels of international diversification. Our study reveals that product and international diversification strategies in the case of SMEs are complementary or substitutive strategies depending on the specific type of product diversification strategy and the level of geographical diversification adopted. JEL CLASSIFICATION: F23; L25; M16
Competitive strategies and international new ventures’ performance: Exploring the moderating effects of internationalization duration and preparation
Authors: Crespo Nuno Fernandes , Simões Vitor Corado , Fontes Margarida 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is twofold: to bring back to discussion the importance of strategy as a key element for international new ventures (INVs) to achieve higher international performance and to assess the relevance of contingency perspective, particularly two organizational contingency factors (internationalization duration and internationalization preparation), in moderating the strategy–performance relationship. The framework developed addresses the effects of four competitive strategies (cost leadership and innovation-based, marketing-based, and quality- and service-based differentiation) as determinants of INVs’ international performance. In addition, internationalization duration and internationalization preparation are included as moderators of these relationships. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of 319 INVs. The findings show that marketing and quality and service differentiation strategies are associated with higher INVs’ international performance and that internationalization duration and internationalization preparation play relevant moderating effects. JEL CLASSIFICATION: M13; M16
Learning from foreign operation modes: The virtuous path for innovation
Authors: Villar Cristina , Pla-Barber José , Ghauri Pervez 
Published: May 2020

In this article, we analyze the impact of learning from internationalization on small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) performance along different development paths. Drawing on the exploitation versus exploration logic, we use an alternative view of foreign operation modes (the learning perspective) to provide insights into the impact of such learning on technological and organizational innovation as well as overall performance. Our results, which are derived from a sample of 132 SMEs active in traditional manufacturing industries, point to a path to superior performance that entails resource-augmenting operation modes and organizational innovation. JEL CLASSIFICATION: O31; F23; L25; M10; M16
Prevalence and Patterns of Dental Care Utilization among US-Born and Non–US Born Hispanics in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Akinkugbe A.A. , Raskin S.E. , Donahue E.E. , Youngblood M.E. , Laniado N.N. , Perreira K.M. 
Published: May 2020

Objectives: Access to routine dental services is important to maintaining good oral health. The aims of this study were to describe the dental care utilization patterns of a diverse group of Hispanic/Latino men and women and assess differences in dental care utilization by perceived need for dental care and proxy measures of acculturation. Methods: Data from 13,792 participants of the Hispanic Community Health Study were analyzed with SAS 9.4. Time since last dental visit was dichotomized into <1 and ≥1 y. Acculturation measures included the language and social subscales of the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics, the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis nativity subscore, and immigrant generation. Survey logistic regression adjusted for demographic (age and sex) and health-related variables, estimated associations among perceived need for dental care, acculturation measures, and dental care utilization. Results: About a quarter (23%) of the participants were born in the 50 US states, excluding territories, while 77% were non–US born. Overall, 74% perceived a need for dental care. Upon covariate adjustment, perceiving a need for dental care was associated with reduced odds of reporting a past-year dental visit (odds ratio, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.37), while there appeared to be no meaningful association between proxy measures of acculturation and past-year dental visit. Having health insurance was significantly associated with a past-year dental visit (odds ratio, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.99 to 2.49) for all groups combined and among the different Hispanic/Latino background groups. Conclusions: Acculturation affects general health and contributes to general health disparities; however, its role in dental care utilization remains questionable. Given that acculturation is a process that occurs over several years, longitudinal studies that evaluate oral health trajectories along the acculturation continuum are needed. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study are valuable for dental public health program planning and implementation for minority groups, as it describes the varying patterns of dental care utilization among US-born and non–US born Hispanics/Latinos and identifies factors that may partly explain dental care utilization patterns, such as acculturation.
Plastic modification of human cornea in vivo: applications to clinical refractive procedures
Authors: Medina Antonio , Greene Peter R. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this report is to quantify how pressure applied to the human cornea, either physiological or intentional, affects its curvature. In particular, how pneumatic procedures flatten the central cornea and keep it flat over time, thereby decreasing the patient’s myopia. Methods: A viscoelastic model is developed for plastic deformation which gives us the basic governing equations of the elastic and plastic strain of corneal stroma. The model is applied to data from corneas of six patients who underwent pneumatic keratology (NEumatica Keratologia) to reduce their myopia. Results: The model shows corneal dimensional stability for long periods of time after NEumatica Keratologia that decay with an exponential time constant. Separate equations are developed that relate corneal plastic strain to the pressure applied and its duration ε =  σ0 t1/ η1, to change in refraction ε = 2 × ΔRefr, to keratometry radius increase ε = Δ R/ R, and to corneal thinning ε = sqr (Δ h/ h). The average values obtained for ε from the patients’ data are 3%, 3.2%, 3%, and 2.6%, respectively, all in remarkable agreement. The average refraction change is found to remain stable at ΔRefr = +1.67D ± 5.2%. Clinical data yield good agreement of theory and treatment results. Conclusions: The model proposed is a good description of NEumatica Keratologia outcomes. Practical applications include the long-term stable correction of myopia with refractive procedures. High myopia subjects can benefit from this procedure because NEumatica Keratologia corrects and protects the central cornea radius by stretching the peripheral cornea.
Association of Lipid Profile with Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Šiarnik Pavel , Kollár Branislav , Filippi Pavol , Klobučníková Katarína , Hlucháňová Alžbeta , Žitňanová Ingrid , Turčáni Peter 
Published: May 2020

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and hyperlipidemia belong to known stroke risk factors. There is an increasing evidence that chronic intermittent hypoxia is independently associated with dyslipidemia. However, the clinical evidence linking SDB with dyslipidemia is poorly described. In this study, we aimed to find possible association between lipoprotein levels and sleep apnea parameters in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: 90 patients with acute cerebral ischemia were prospectively enrolled. Blood samples were obtained in a fasting condition within 24 hours after the stroke onset for the analysis of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG). SDB was assessed using standard overnight polysomnography. Results: SDB was present in 50%, hypercholesterolemia in 52.2%, and hypertriglyceridemia in 20% of the subjects. In linear regression analysis, apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) was the only independent variable significantly associated with LDL levels (β = 0.220, P = 0.04) and TC (β = 0.240, P = .02). Likewise, AHI (β = 0.258, P = .01) with diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.204, P = .05) were the only predictors of cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL) in linear regression analysis. We failed to find any significant association of sleep apnea parameters with the levels of TG and HDL in the regression analyses. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest no significant association of sleep apnea parameters with TG and HDL. However, AHI was significantly associated with TC, LDL, and cholesterol ratio in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the STAT6-regulated genes in advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Gaydosik Alyxzandria M. , Queen Dawn S. , Trager Megan H. , Akilov Oleg E. , Geskin Larisa J. , Fuschiotti Patrizia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is a critical up-stream mediator of interleukin-13 (IL-13) and IL-4 signaling and is constitutively activated in malignant lymphocytes from Sezary syndrome (SS) and mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. By combining genome-wide expression profiling with pharmacological STAT6 inhibition, we have identified the genes regulated by STAT6 in MF/SS tumors. We found that STAT6 regulates several common pathways in MF/SS malignant lymphocytes that are associated with control of cell-cycle progression and genomic stability as well as production of Th2 cytokines. Using ex vivo skin explants from cutaneous MF tumors as well as Sezary cells derived from the blood of SS patients, we demonstrated that inhibition of STAT6 activation downregulates cytokine production and induces cell-cycle arrest in MF/SS malignant lymphocytes, inhibiting their proliferation but not their survival. Furthermore, we show that STAT6 promotes the protumoral M2-like phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of advanced stage MF by upregulating the expression of genes associated with immunosuppression, chemotaxis, and tumor matrix remodeling. Thus, we show STAT6 to be a major factor in the pathogenesis and progression of MF/SS, promoting proliferation and invasion of the malignant lymphocytes while inducing a progressive depression of the antitumor immune response. Together, our results provide new insights into disease pathogenesis and offer new prospective targets for therapeutic intervention.
Highly active RRMS and ocrelizumab after failure of alemtuzumab therapy
Authors: Vališ Martin , Ryška Pavel , Halúsková Simona , Klímová Blanka , Pavelek Zbyšek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A high multiple sclerosis activity while on alemtuzumab is rather uncommon compared to moderate-efficacy drugs. The purpose of this case report is to present a case of a 37-year-old female patient with bronchial asthma and no other medical history, whose disease activity required switching from dimethyl fumarate to fingolimod, then to alemtuzumab and finally to ocrelizumab.

Case presentation
In our patient, two severe attacks were observed and treated after administration of the first pulse of alemtuzumab. After six months of therapy, patient’s immunological profile showed the expected decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and, markedly increased values of CD19+ B-cells. Surprisingly memory B-cells, which typically repopulate very slowly following alemtuzumab treatment, were above baseline levels. Regular administration of ocrelizumab based on a standardised scheme, after the alemtuzumab therapy failure, resulted in the stabilisation of the patient’s condition both clinically and radiologically.

Conclusion
Thus, when the alemtuzumab treatment is unsuccessful, the authors recommend testing T- and B-cell levels and proceeding with an early switch to ocrelizumab if high B-cell counts are found.
Thigh musculature stiffness during active muscle contraction after anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: McPherson April L. , Bates Nathaniel A. , Haider Clifton R. , Nagai Takashi , Hewett Timothy E. , Schilaty Nathan D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Altered motor unit (MU) activity has been identified after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, but its effect on muscle tissue properties is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare thigh musculature muscle stiffness between control and ACL-injured subjects.

Methods
Thirty ACL-injured subjects and 25 control subjects were recruited. Subjects completed a randomized protocol of isometric contractions while electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded. Three maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) determined peak force for 10 and 25% MVIC trials. Shear wave elastography was captured during each 10 and 25% MVIC trials.

Results
Differences in muscle stiffness were assessed between limbs and groups. 12 months post-surgery had higher stiffness for VM 0% MVIC, VL 0 and 10% MVIC, and ST 10 and 25% MVIC (all p ≤ 0.04).

Conclusion
Thigh musculature stiffness changed throughout rehabilitation and remained altered at 12 months after ACL reconstruction.
The rise of rapid implementation: a worked example of solving an existing problem with a new method by combining concept analysis with a systematic integrative review
Authors: Smith James , Rapport Frances , O’Brien Tracey A. , Smith Stephanie , Tyrrell Vanessa J. , Mould Emily V. A. , Long Janet C. , Gul Hossai , Cullis Jeremy , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The concept of rapid implementation has emerged in the literature recently, but without a precise definition. Further exploration is required to distinguish the concept’s unique meanings and significance from the perspective of implementation science. The study clarifies the concept of rapid implementation and identifies its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. We present a theoretical definition of rapid implementation to clarify its unique meaning and characteristics.

Methods
Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method, combined with a systematic integrative review, were used to clarify the concept of rapid implementation. A comprehensive search of four databases, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and WEB OF SCIENCE was conducted, as well as relevant journals and reference lists of retrieved studies. After searching databases, 2442 papers were identified from 1963 to 2019; 24 articles were found to fit the inclusion criteria to capture data on rapid implementation from across healthcare settings in four countries. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive thematic analysis.

Results
The results locate the introduction of rapid implementation, informed by implementation science. Guidance for further conceptualisation to bridge the gap between research and practice and redefine rigour, adapting methods used (current approaches, procedures and frameworks), and challenging clinical trial design (efficacy-effectiveness-implementation pipeline) is provided.

Conclusions
It is possible that we are on the cusp of a paradigm shift within implementation brought about by the need for faster results into practice and policy. Researchers can benefit from a deeper understanding of the rapid implementation concept to guide future implementation of rapid actionable results in clinical practice.
Statin inhibits large hepatitis delta antigen-Smad3 -twist-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and hepatitis D virus secretion
Authors: Liang Yuh-Jin , Sun Cheng-Pu , Hsu Yu-Chen , Chen Yi-Wen , Wang I-An , Su Chien-Wei , Tao Mi-Hua , Wu Jaw-Ching 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection may induce fulminant hepatitis in chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB) or rapid progression of CHB to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no effective treatment for HDV infection. HDV encodes small delta antigens (S-HDAg) and large delta antigens (L-HDAg). S-HDAg is essential for HDV replication. Prenylated L-HDAg plays a key role in HDV assembly. Previous studies indicate that L-HDAg transactivates transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), possibly leading to liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism is unclear.

Methods
The mechanisms of the activation of Twist promoter by L-HDAg were investigated by luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and co-immunoprecipitation analysis. ELISA and Western blotting were used to analyze L-HDAg prenylation, TGF-β secretion, expression of EMT markers, and to evaluate efficacy of statins for HDV treatment.

Results
We found that L-HDAg activated Twist expression, TGF-β expression and consequently induced EMT, based on its interaction with Smad3 on Twist promoter. The treatment of statin, a prenylation inhibitor, resulted in reduction of Twist promoter activity, TGF-β expression, and EMT, and reduces the release of HDV virions into the culture medium.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that L-HDAg activates EMT via Twist and TGF-β activation. Treatment with statins suppressed Twist expression, and TGF-β secretion, leading to downregulation of EMT. Our findings clarify the mechanism of HDV-induced EMT, and provide a basis for possible novel therapeutic strategies against HDV infection.
Fatty acid profile and estimated desaturase activities in whole blood are associated with metabolic health
Authors: Svendsen Karianne , Olsen Thomas , Nordstrand Rusvik Tove C. , Ulven Stine M. , Holven Kirsten B. , Retterstøl Kjetil , Telle-Hansen Vibeke H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim was to investigate if fatty acid profile and estimated desaturase activities; stearoyl CoA-desaturase (SCD), delta-5-desaturase and delta-6-desaturase (D5D; D6D), differ between individuals with metabolically healthy (MH) and unhealthy (MU) phenotypes. We also explored these associations according to BMI categories.

Methods
Men and women at moderately elevated risk of cardiovascular disease were included in this cross-sectional study (n = 321). If subjects met ≥4 out of 5 criteria (elevated triglycerides, total and LDL-cholesterol, HbA1c and low HDL-cholesterol), they were classified as MU (n = 52). If levels were within reference ranges for ≥3 of the same criteria, subjects were classified as MH (n = 150). Utilizing the entire population, a score ranging from 0 to 5 denoting the number of MU criteria met was computed. Estimated desaturase activities were calculated as product-to-precursor ratio of fatty acids in whole blood (SCD16 [16:1n7/16:0], SCD18 [18:1n9/18:0], D5D [18:3n6/18:2n6], D6D [20:4n6/20:3n6]).

Results
Individuals with MH had lower estimated SCD16 and SCD18 activities, whereas estimated D6D activity was higher compared to MU. Similar, SCD16 and SCD18 increased, whereas D6D decreased with increasing criteria of MU. Trends were similar across BMI categories.

Conclusions
This study supports the notion of estimated desaturase activities as possible novel biomarkers of metabolic health irrespectively of BMI.