bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strip‐till, other management strategies, and their interactive effects on corn grain and soybean seed yield
Authors: Potratz Derek J. , Mourtzinis Spyridon , Gaska John , Lauer Joseph , Arriaga Francisco J. , Conley Shawn P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlleviation of cold, wet, compacted soils is of great importance for earlier planting that can lead to improved yield in short growing season environments. Strip‐till adoption in corn (Zea mays L.) has increased as a sustainable means to improve soil conditions and yield; however, the response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to strip‐till has been less consistent. This study aims to: (i) quantify the effect of strip‐till, row spacing (soybean only), crop rotation (corn only), fertilizer placement, and in‐furrow fungicide application on corn and soybean plant population, canopy coverage, and grain or seed yield, (ii) evaluate the effect of strip‐till on soil temperature and penetration resistance, and (iii) determine best management recommendations for strip‐till use in Wisconsin corn and soybean production systems. A small‐plot experiment was conducted in Arlington, WI, during the 2016, 2017, and 2018 growing seasons. In soybean, banded fertilizer resulted in 0.3 Mg ha–1 (6.5%) greater yield than surface‐applied fertilizer. Greatest soybean seed yield was obtained by combining strip‐till, in‐furrow fungicide, and 38‐cm row spacing. In corn, strip‐till yielded 0.8 Mg ha–1 (5.7%) greater than no‐till and banded fertilizer yielded 0.7 Mg ha–1 (4.9%) higher than surface‐applied fertilizer. In soybean, yields in strip‐till were generally equivalent to no‐till and yield benefits associated with strip‐till were dependent on other management factors. In corn, banded fertilizer, strip‐till, and the corn in corn–soybean (CS) rotation with in‐furrow fungicide resulted in greatest yields. Strip‐till was a beneficial soil management tool for improving grain yield in Wisconsin.
The role of ridge‐furrow with plastic film mulching system on stem lodging resistance of winter wheat in a dry semi‐humid region
Authors: Li Changjiang , Li Changzhen , Ma Baoluo , Wu Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRidge‐furrow with plastic film mulching (RFPFM) is widely used as a water‐saving strategy for the improvement of crop yield. However, lodging susceptibility under RFPFM practices has not yet been determined. A 2‐yr field study comprising of three cultivation strategies (rain‐fed flat planting [FP], RFPFM, and well‐water planting [WW]) and two N application rates (75 and 225 kg N ha–1) was conducted to assess the risk of lodging and the relationship between lodging resistance and grain yields of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Xinong979 as lodging resistant and Xiaoyan22 as lodging susceptible). The results showed that higher N application increased lodging index under FP and RFPFM, and the lodging index was 33% lower under RFPFM than under WW. In both years, there was a positive relationship between grain yield and lodging susceptibility (R2 = 0.62** and 0.57**) implying that promoting crop yield by using RFPFM strategy accelerates the risk of lodging. When compared with WW, RFPFM significantly reduced the lodging index, while sustaining a comparable grain yield. Overall, RFPFM could be highly recommended as a promising strategy for winter wheat producers in dry, semi‐humid regions. The close relationships of breaking resistance and lodging index with both mass density and stem wall thickness of basal internode suggest that selection for increased stem strength trait could lead to improved lodging resistance and higher yields in future programs for winter wheat cultivar improvement.
Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome with KRAS gene mutation presenting as chylopericardium
Authors: Akahoshi Shogo , Hirano Akinori , Nagamine Hiroki , Miura Masaru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA 12‐year‐old female patient with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome in the presence of a KRAS gene mutation had episodes of pericardial effusion on ultrasound, later confirmed to be chylopericardium, which resolved after a lymphangiography. We discussed herein the pathophysiological background of this rare case and the efficacy of lymphangiography in the treatment of chylopericardium.
Estimated birth prevalence of mucopolysaccharidoses in Brazil
Authors: Federhen Andressa , Pasqualim Gabriela , de Freitas Talita Freitas , Gonzalez Esteban Alberto , Trapp Franciele , Matte Ursula , Giugliani Roberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeveral studies have been published on the frequency of the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) in different countries. The objective of the present study was to estimate the birth prevalence (BP) of MPS in Brazil. MPS diagnosis registered at MPS‐Brazil Network and in Instituto Vidas Raras were reviewed. BP was estimated by (a) the number of registered patients born between 1994 and 2015 was divided by the number of live births (LBs), and (b) a sample of 1,000 healthy individuals was tested for the most frequent variant in IDUA gene in MPS I (p.Trp402Ter) to estimate the frequency of heterozygosity and homozygosity. (a) The BP based on total number of LBs was (cases per 100,000 LBs): MPS overall: 1.25; MPS I: 0.24; MPS II: 0.37; MPS III: 0.21; MPS IV: 0.14; MPS VI: 0.28; MPS VII: 0.02. (b) The overall frequency of p.Trp402Ter was 0.002. Considering the frequency of heterozygotes for the p.Trp402Ter IDUA variant in the RS state, the frequency of this variant among MPS I patients and the relative frequency of the different MPSs, we estimated the birth prevalence of MPS in total and of each MPS type, as follows: MPS overall: 4.62; MPS I: 0.95; MPS II: 1.32; MPS III: 0.56; MPS IV: 0.57; MPS VI: 1.02; MPS VII: 0.05. This study provided original data about BP and relative frequency of the MPS types, in Brazil, based on the frequency of the commonest IDUA pathogenic variant and in the records of two large patient databases.
Expanding the genotype–phenotype correlation ofde novoheterozygous missense variants inYWHAGas a cause of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Kanani Farah , Titheradge Hannah , Cooper Nicola , Elmslie Frances , Lees Melissa M. , Juusola Jane , Pisani Laura , McKenna Carolyn , Mignot Cyril , Valence Stephanie , Keren Boris , Lachlan Katherine ,   DDD Study, Balasubramanian Meena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDevelopmental and Epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) describe heterogeneous epilepsy syndromes, characterized by early‐onset, refractory seizures and developmental delay (DD). Several DEE associated genes have been reported. With increased access to whole exome sequencing (WES), new candidate genes are being identified although there are fewer large cohort papers describing the clinical phenotype in such patients. We describe 6 unreported individuals and provide updated information on an additional previously reported individual with heterozygous de novo missense variants inYWHAG. We describe a syndromal phenotype, report 5 novel, and a recurrent p.Arg132CysYWHAGvariant and compare developmental trajectory and treatment strategies in this cohort. We provide further evidence of causality inYWHAGvariants. WES was performed in five patients via Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study and the remaining two were identified via Genematcher and AnnEX databases. De novo variants identified from exome data were validated using Sanger sequencing. Seven out of seven patients in the cohort have de novo, heterozygous missense variants inYWHAGincluding 2/7 patients with a recurrent c.394C > T, p.Arg132Cys variant; 1/7 has a second, pathogenic variant inSTAG1. Characteristic features included: early‐onset seizures, predominantly generalized tonic–clonic and absence type (7/7) with good response to standard anti‐epileptic medications; moderate DD; Intellectual Disability (ID) (5/7) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (3/7). De novoYWHAGmissense variants cause EE, characterized by early‐onset epilepsy, ID and DD, supporting the hypothesis that YWHAG loss‐of‐function causes a neurological phenotype. Although the exact mechanism of disease resulting from alterations inYWHAGis not fully known, it is possible that haploinsufficiency of YWHAG in developing cerebral cortex may lead to abnormal neuronal migration resulting in DEE.
Sex differences in the patterning of age‐related bone loss in the human hallucal metatarsal in rural and urban populations
Authors: Wilson Laura A. B. , De Groote Isabelle , Humphrey Louise T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesAge‐degenerative features of the metatarsals are poorly known despite the importance of metatarsal bone properties for investigating mobility patterns. We assessed the role of habitual activity in shaping the patterning and magnitude of sexual dimorphism in age‐related bone loss in the hallucal metatarsal.Materials and methodsCross‐sections were extracted at midshaft from micro‐computed tomography scan models of individuals from medieval rural (Abingdon Vineyard) and early industrial urban (Spitalfields) settings (n = 71). A suite of cross‐sectional geometry dimensions and biomechanical properties were compared between populations.ResultsThe rural group display generally stronger and larger metatarsals that show a greater capacity to resist torsion and that have comparatively greater bending strength along the medio‐lateral plane. Men in both groups show greater values of cortical area than women, but only in the urban group do men show lower magnitudes of age‐related decline compared to females. Women in rural and urban populations show different patterns of age‐related decline in bone mass, particularly old women in the urban group show a marked decline in cortical area that is absent for women in the rural group.DiscussionLifetime exposure to hard, physical activity in an agricultural setting has contributed to the attainment of greater bone mass and stronger bones in young adults. Furthermore, over the life‐course, less of this greater amount of bone is lost, such that sustained activity levels may have acted to buffer against age‐related decline, and this is most pronounced for women, who are expected to experience greater bone loss later in life than men.
Cobalt‐based catalytic system for the chemical fixation of CO2 under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Wu Fengtian , Lin Yu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe have described a novel and efficient method for synthesizing cyclic carbonates with ‘Co (NO3)2.6H2O/L6’‐catalyzed coupling of epoxides and CO2 under solvent‐free conditions. We proposed a possible reaction mechanism based on some control experiments. Phenylpropiolic acid could be provided by using the same method.
Synthesis and characterization of new spirobisindane‐based poly(imide)s: Structure effects on solubility, thermal behavior, and gas transport properties
Authors: Jessop I. A. , Bravo D. , Durán E. , Rodríguez‐González F. E. , Tagle L. H. , Coll D. , Ortiz P. , Mirabal Y. , Aguilar‐Vega M. , Martin‐Trasanco R. , Terraza C. A. , Tundidor‐Camba A. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTTwo new poly(imide)s (PIs) are derived from a biphenylspirobisindane‐diamine monomer and the commercial dianhydrides: 4,4′‐hexafluoroisopropyliden diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and pyromellitic anhydride (PMDA). Using polycondensation reactions, these new PIs were synthesized, in high yields (>95%), successfully. The presence of the spirocenter in the main chain of newly synthesized PIs make them soluble in most common organic solvents, whereas the rigidity of the dianhydride monomer makes them be thermically stable at about 500 °C (Td10%). PI derived from 6FDA had 1.2‐time higher permeability to the gases, based on gas transport measurements, than those derived from PMDA, which showed slightly higher selectivity values. Nevertheless, both PIs of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs‐PI) are more selective to gas pairs, considerably, compared to the previously reported PIs that have same dianhydride in the monomer spirocenter, but instead of biphenyl has an oxodibenzene moiety (PI‐1‐6FDA) one. In this work, correlation between the structural rigidity of PIMs‐PI and their selectivity to the gases (PIM‐PI‐B > PIM‐PI‐A > PI‐1‐6FDA) is reported. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48944.
The influence of processing conditions on the mechanical properties of poly(aryl‐ether‐ketone)/polybenzimidazole blends
Authors: Jiang Zhiyuan , Liu Peng , Chen Qihui , Sue Hung‐Jue , Bremner Tim , DiSano Lorenzo P. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTInterest in developing high‐performance blends for niche applications has grown significantly in efforts to meet ever‐increasing harsh environment demands. In this work, four model poly(aryl‐ether‐ketone)/polybenzimidazole (PAEK/PBI) blends were chosen to study the influence of premixing methods, processing, and matrix polymers, on their mechanical properties. Among the model poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and PBI blends, mechanical properties are greatly enhanced by melt premixing. The molding process mainly affects the matrix crystallinity, which in turn greatly influences fracture toughness of the blend. Poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) and PBI blend exhibits a slightly lower tensile strength and fracture toughness than PEEK/PBI due to the differences in inherent properties of PEEK and PEKK matrices and their interfacial interaction with PBI. The processing−structure–property relationship of PAEK/PBI blends is established to help guide optimal design of high‐performance polymer blends for structural applications. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48966.
Modelling habitat use by the Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis, in south‐eastern Brazil: Effects of environmental and anthropogenic variables, and the adequacy of current management measures
Authors: Tardin Rodrigo H. , Maciel Israel S. , Espécie Mariana A. , Melo‐Santos Gabriel , Simão Sheila M. , Alves Maria Alice S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Species distribution modelling has been used to identify critical habitats for the delimitation of Marine Protected Areas. Although Marine Protected Areas may often overlap with the distribution of key marine species, illegal human activities often continue within these areas, causing negative impacts on the local biodiversity.
A generalized linear model with spatial eigenvector mapping was used to investigate, for the first time, the influence of environmental variables and anthropic activities on the number of Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis sightings/grid, and to determine whether a Marine Reserve, in south‐eastern Brazil, is adequate for the protection of the local population. Data were collected between May 2007 and October 2013 onboard a 7.5‐m vessel with an inboard engine.
The models for the different periods (annual, dry, and rainy seasons) all indicated that depth, the distance to seafood farms and fishing grounds, and mean sea surface temperatures influenced the distribution of the dolphins within the study area. The annual and seasonal models predicted that the dolphins prefer a continuous area between Cedro and Pico Islands, a large area that lies outside the limits of the Marine Reserve.
Although the habitat of Ilha Grande bay is still much less degraded than that inhabited by other nearby Guiana dolphin populations, the results of the present study indicate that anthropic activities in this area influence habitat use by the dolphins. Less than 30% of the area used by the dolphins is protected by the Tamoios Ecological Station (ESEC Tamoios).
Sotalia guianensis is classified as ‘Vulnerable’ in Brazil, although the marine reserve (ESEC Tamoios) does not protect the core area used by the local dolphin population. The results of the present study provide specific locations for the creation of a new multiple‐use MPA, as suggested by the Brazilian National Action Plan for the Conservation of Small Cetaceans, or the inclusion of a special management programme for the area between Cedro and Pico islands to better protect the dolphins in the ESEC Tamoios buffer zone. The continuation of surveys to better understand the current and future impacts of human activities, and the development of a closer interaction with both the local community and local stakeholders will help to safeguard Ilha Grande Bay and the local Guiana dolphin population.
Effects of osthol on activity, mRNA and protein expression of Cyp3a in rats in vivo
Authors: Huang Wei , Xiong Yu‐qing , Xia Chun‐hua , Hu Xiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOsthol (OST) has a wide range of pharmacological effects and has long been used in clinical medicine in China. Previous studies have indicated that osthol has weak inhibitory effects on CYP3A4 in human liver microsomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibition of Cyp3a by osthol in rats in vivo. A substrate assay was used to corroborate the inhibitory effect on Cyp3a by osthol in rats, and the substrate probe (midazolam) was detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR (SqRT‐PCR) analysis was used to study the effect of osthol on Cyp3a1 and Cyp3a2 mRNA expression and Western blot analysis was used to investigate the effect of OST on Cyp3a1 and Cyp3a2 protein expression. Our study confirmed the inhibitory effect of osthol on Cyp3a and indicated that the inhibitory effect on Cyp3a was stronger in the group receiving multiple doses compared with the single dose group. The SqRT‐PCR analysis results showed that medium and high doses of osthol (20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) had an inhibitory effect on Cyp3a1 mRNA expression but not on Cyp3a2 mRNA expression. Western blot analysis results indicated that the inhibitory effect of the medium and high osthol doses on Cyp3a1 and Cyp3a2 protein expression was significantly different. It was also demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of osthol on Cyp3a in rats resulted from the comprehensive effect of the direct inhibition of the Cyp3a enzyme, as well as the down‐regulation of its mRNA and protein expression level.
The role of teratogens in neural crest development
Authors: Cerrizuela Santiago , Vega‐Lopez Guillermo A. , Aybar Manuel J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe neural crest (NC), discovered by Wilhelm His 150 years ago, gives rise to a multipotent migratory embryonic cell population that generates a remarkably diverse and important array of cell types during the development of the vertebrate embryo. These cells originate in the neural plate border (NPB), which is the ectoderm between the neural plate and the epidermis. They give rise to the neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, melanocytes, chondrocytes, smooth muscle cells, odontoblasts and neuroendocrine cells, among others. Neurocristopathies are a class of congenital diseases resulting from the abnormal induction, specification, migration, differentiation or death of NC cells (NCCs) during embryonic development and have an important medical and societal impact. In general, congenital defects affect an appreciable percentage of newborns worldwide. Some of these defects are caused by teratogens, which are agents that negatively impact the formation of tissues and organs during development. In this review, we will discuss the teratogens linked to the development of many birth defects, with a strong focus on those that specifically affect the development of the NC, thereby producing neurocristopathies. Although increasing attention is being paid to the effect of teratogens on embryonic development in general, there is a strong need to critically evaluate the specific role of these agents in NC development. Therefore, increased understanding of the role of these factors in NC development will contribute to the planning of strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of human neurocristopathies, whose etiology was previously not considered.
Risk-adjusted benchmarks in laparoscopic liver surgery in a national cohort
Authors: Russolillo N , Aldrighetti L , Cillo U , Guglielmi A , Ettorre G M , Giuliante F , Mazzaferro V , Dalla Valle R , De Carlis L , Jovine E , Ferrero A , Ratti F , Lo Tesoriere R , Gringeri E , Ruzzenente A , Levi Sandri G B , Ardito F , Virdis M , Iaria M , Ferla F , Lombardi R , Di Benedetto F , Gruttadauria S , Boggi U , Torzilli G , Rossi E , Vincenti L , Berti S , Ceccarelli G , Belli G , Zamboni F , Calise F , Coratti A , Santambrogio R , Brolese A , Navarra G , Mezzatesta P , Zimmitti G , Ravaioli M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess the best achievable outcomes in laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) after risk adjustment based on surgical technical difficulty using a national registry.

Methods
LLRs registered in the Italian Group of Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery registry from November 2014 to March 2018 were considered. Benchmarks were calculated according to the Achievable Benchmark of Care (ABC™). LLRs at each centre were divided into three clusters (groups I, II and III) based on the Kawaguchi classification. ABCs for overall and major morbidity were calculated in each cluster. Multivariable analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for overall and major morbidity. Significant variables were used in further risk adjustment.

Results
A total of 1752 of 2263 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 1096 (62·6 per cent) in group I, 435 (24·8 per cent) in group II and 221 (12·6 per cent) in group III. The ABCs for overall morbidity (7·8, 14·2 and 26·4 per cent for grades I, II and II respectively) and major morbidity (1·4, 2·2 and 5·7 per cent) increased with the difficulty of LLR. Multivariable analysis showed an increased risk of overall morbidity associated with multiple LLRs (odds ratio (OR) 1·35), simultaneous intestinal resection (OR 3·76) and cirrhosis (OR 1·83), and an increased risk of major morbidity with intestinal resection (OR 4·61). ABCs for overall and major morbidity were 14·4 and 3·2 per cent respectively for multiple LLRs, 30 and 11·1 per cent for intestinal resection, and 14·9 and 4·8 per cent for cirrhosis.

Conclusion
Overall morbidity benchmarks for LLR ranged from 7·8 to 26·4 per cent, and those for major morbidity from 1·4 to 5·7 per cent, depending on complexity. Benchmark values should be adjusted according to multiple LLRs or simultaneous intestinal resection and cirrhosis.