bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New prediction of elastic scattering cross sections ratio Re+

e−

based on phenomenological two-photon exchange corrections
Authors: Qattan I A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The proton’s electric and magnetic form factors (FFs) and their ratio Rp
=

G
E
p

/

G
M
p

are fundamental and essential ingredients needed to parametrize the internal structure of the proton as well as many composite particles. However, the inconsistency in the results reported on these FFs and their ratio as measured by the Rosenbluth method and the polarization transfer method has led the community to believe that such a discrepancy is due to a systematic difference between the two methods. It was proposed that missing higher order radiative correction to the electron-proton elastic scattering cross section σR
(ϵ, Q
2) and in particular two-photon exchange correction (TPE) should be applied in order to reconcile these measurements. The effect of TPE on electron-proton scattering observables was studied extensively in the last few years. However, the most direct method for measuring TPE contributions is the comparison of positron-proton and electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections ratio Re+ e−
(ϵ, Q
2). In this proceedings, I present a new prediction of the ratio Re+ e−
as determined using a new parametrization of TPE corrections to σR
. I then compare my results to several previous phenomenological extractions, TPE hadronic calculations, and previous and recent direct measurements of Re+ e−
.
Lensing function relation in Hadrons
Authors: Rodini Simone , Pasquini Barbara , Bacchetta Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nontrivial model-induced relations between parton distribution functions can be helpful to interpret, at least qualitatively, the mechanisms at work in scattering processes off the nucleon. However great care is needed in the transition between qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the results. One example is given by the relations between transverse distortions in the distribution of quarks in impact-parameter space and analogous distortions in transverse-momentum space due to T-odd effects, that have been found in the context of various model calculations. We discuss the origin of such relations pointing out the very specific conditions under which they are realised. These conditions are typically verified only in relatively simple models that describe hadrons as two-body bound systems and involve a helicity-conserving coupling between the gauge boson and the spectator system.
Shock-wave loading of elconites: Numerical investigation
Authors: Maevskii K K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The results of numerical experiments on modeling shock-wave loading of metal composites – elkonites, which are sintered refractory materials (W, WC or Mo) impregnated with fusible metal (Ag or Cu) using thermodynamically equilibrium model TEC (thermodynamic equilibrium components) are presented. Interest in the research of compressibility of such mixtures is associated with the possibility of creating materials with the necessary properties, and with the properties of the materials themselves. The modelling of materials with such components is carried out to develop the promising direction of obtaining materials with specified properties. The good agreement of the model calculations with the data of different authors, which are determined on the basis of experiment, is obtained.
Modelling the state of stress and strain in layered structure under heat loading
Authors: Akhmetov A Zh , Smolin I Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Currently, the layered materials have a wide application in the industry, and also occur in nature. The lamination, as a principal characteristic of composite materials, influences the physical and mechanical properties of the whole material. In some cases, it is sufficient to take into account the effect of heat on the change of strength properties of medium to assess the state of stress and strain of these materials subject to heat action. In this work, a similar method is used for a region of the Earth’s crust and mantle, when the parameters of Drucker-Prager-Nikolaevsky elastic-plastic model change with depth as a result of heat action from the mantle. To analyse the stress state the parameters are used, which corresponds to the three invariants of stress tensor—pressure, von Mises stress, and Lode parameter. The distributions of all three parameters are heterogeneous, which is determined not only by the peculiarities of layered structures of the geological object but heat effect from the mantle as well.
Temperature dependences of strength properties and fracture mechanism of the Ni3Al intermetallic compound synthesized under pressure
Authors: Akimov K , Kozulin A , Ovcharenko V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the strength properties and fracture mechanism of the Ni3Al intermetallic compound samples synthesized under pressure at different test temperatures. Changes in the nature of the fracture mechanism in the test samples with an increase in the test temperature were revealed. It has been established that in the range from 20 to 1000 °C there are two areas with different temperature dependences of strength properties.
Study of energy-intensive mill lining during the grinding of silicon powder
Authors: Lapshin O V , Shkoda O A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dynamics of silicon lining an energy-intensive planetary mill was studied using experimental methods and a developed mathematical model. The transformation of the silicon powder microstructure during its mechanical treatment was investigated. It was found that this changes the granulometric composition of the mixture, resulting in a constant reformation of silicon particles formed from the agglomerates, which are crushed and agglomerated into new particles. It is shown that with increasing mechanical treatment time there is an increase in the amount of material in the lining layer. The lining speed constant was determined from the solution of the inverse problem. The theoretical calculations were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Natural forage lands of the Novgorod region
Authors: Abdushaeva Ya M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the problem of saving and development of nature-created vegetation cover of natural lands, the rational use of which ensures sustainable development of the biosphere and the feed industry. The measures for improvement and rational use of natural hayfields and pastures are suggested, the potential fund of forage lands is identified according to the conducted geobotanical survey. Scientifically grounded recommendations for improvement and rational use of natural hayfields and pastures are developed.
Sosnowsky hogweed: new ways to use
Authors: Andreeva L V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article outlines the problems of the widespread distribution of the Sosnovsky hogweed in the Novgorod region of the Russian Federation. The results of experiments on the extraction of coumarins from the dry mass of the Sosnowsky hogweed in the biotechnology laboratory of Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University are considered. Particular attention is paid to methods for the isolation of coumarins: extraction with ethyl alcohol and sublimation with magnesium oxide. The author comes to the conclusion that a better product with a minimum amount of impurities is obtained by sublimation. Based on the study of samples of Sosnovsky hogweed from different regions, it was found that the content of coumarins depends on the growing conditions. Sosnovsky hogweed, growing in the northern region, was found to be small in size, but with a greater content of coumarins. Coumarins extracted from Sosnowsky hogweed can be used as growth stimulants and as plant protection products.
Determination of optimal values for the main parameters of ultrafiltration of curd whey enriched with natural polysaccharides
Authors: Babenyshev S P , Bratsikhin A A , Shipulin V I , Mamai D S , Permyakov A V , Khokha D S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The current trend in the development of the human community is reduced to solving two main tasks: providing the population with full-fledged food and preserving the environment. Their solution is possible only on the basis of organizing the rational use of natural raw materials, which is hindered by insufficient study of such modern food production processes as ultrafiltration separation of liquid polydisperse systems. The aim of the study was to experimentally determine the optimal values of the driving pressure (DP) and the speed of circulation (V) of curd whey during its ultrafiltration through polymer membranes. The article presents the following research findings: the dependences of the permeability and selectivity of the UPM-20, UPM-50, Biomax 100 and Biomax 300 membranes during ultrafiltration of curd whey on the driving pressure and flow rate in the channel of the baromembrane apparatus are identified; the optimal values for DP=0.28÷0.36 MPa and V=0.25÷0.35 m/s of cassette-type devices for ultrafiltration of modified natural polysaccharides in curd whey are determined; the residual amount of total protein in permeate of curd whey is identified: with the use of UPM-20, UPM-50 membranes it amounts to 0.012-0.013 %, with the use of Biomax 100 and Biomax 300 it amounts to 0.035-0.088 %; the feasibility of the use of Pellicon 2 Biomax memebranes with a threshold delay of 100 kDa and 300 kDa to obtain a highly purified permeate of curd whey is justified.
Effectiveness of drainage of agricultural land by closed drainage in climatic conditions of the Novgorod Region
Authors: Balun O V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objects of this study are closed drainage systems having a hydraulic connection of arable horizon with a drainage pipe. Experimental plots are located in the Novgorod region on sod-podzolic loamy soil. In the experiment we used such kinds of design as a standard construction with filling the drainage trench with sand-gravel mixture to the arable horizon, and a construction in the form of two-tiered drainage. The distance between drains is 14 m, the depth is 1.1 m. The design of two-tiered drainage provides for the upper tier of cavity-free drains with a depth of 0.5 m, a distance between the drains 6 m, located perpendicular to the lower tier. As a result of the study of dynamics of groundwater and soil humidification, we found out that in the experimental systems of two-tiered drainage in excessively wet years, groundwater had not risen into the topsoil during the entire growing period. Formation of groundwater after heavy rainfall was more intensive in the two-tiered drainage systems. The most favorable water-air regime in the years with different precipitation conditions (both in dry and abnormally wet years) was provided by the experimental two-tiered drainage systems with a smaller amplitude of fluctuations in moisture reserves in a soil arable layer which allowed us to conclude that draining of collectors was more effective on the base of the two-tiered drainage.
Effect of the balanced carbohydrate complex Felucene on growth and development of bull calves
Authors: Beresnev V N , Tagirov H , Neverova O P , Fedoseeva N A , Galushina P S , Smirnova S V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The use of balanced multicomponent supplements is highly promising. In this regard, we believe it will be relevant to use a balanced carbohydrate complex under the trade names Felucene K 2-4 and Felucene K 2-6 for agricultural animals of a specified age in accordance with the instruction for use. The inclusion of the studied supplements in the ration of young cattle in various doses made it possible to trace changes in growth and development of young Hereford breed. The experiments showed the best result demonstrated by animals of experimental group III, who received the supplement K 2-4 at a dose of 100 g and K 2-6 at a dose of 150 g per animal per day, respectively. Further research is planned to study post-slaughter indicators in order to assess the quality of meat products.
Productivity of nitrogen fixation by perennial legumes in the conditions of the Novgorod region of the North-West of Russia
Authors: Bevz S Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Data on the study of nitrogen-fixing ability of various species and varieties of meadow legume plants are presented. It has been experimentally proved that the formation, symbiotic apparatus and the accumulation of biological nitrogen, and, consequently, the share participation in the agrophytocenosises of the legume component, and the productivity of meadow grass stands are greatly influenced by the species, variety, features of the ontogenesis of the legume plant, as well as the conditions of plant growth. Due to symbiotic fixation on medium-acid soils of heavy mechanical composition in the first two years of their life, about 84 kg of nitrogen per 1 ha were accumulated by meadow clover of Carmine variety. Such a symbiotic apparatus provided forage from the main cut for hay without additional mineral fertilizers in the range of 5.4–5.6 tons of dry weight per hectare with a share of clover–about 33% in the 1st year and more than 60% in 2nd year of life.
Metabolic activity and the performance of ram hogs when consuming probiotic and sorption additives
Authors: Blagov D A , Mironova I V , Fedoseeva N A , Glebov V V , Kosilov V I , Shakhmurzov M M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The question arises of a rational method of feeding small cattle, which would ensure a high rate of their growth, development and production of meat products due to the fact that in recent years in Russia more and more attention has been paid to the development of sheep husbandry. It is economically feasible to use feed additives of various actions for this purpose, which determined the relevance of the topic of our study. The task was set to consider the effect of the sorbent Glauconite and the sorption-probiotic preparation Biogumitel in the diet of sheep of the Romanovskaya breed on the morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, as well as meat productivity. Scientific and economic experience was carried out in a farm located on the territory of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation on four groups of rams. Studies have shown that feeding the presented additives did not adversely affect the studied parameters. In addition, it was found that test rams gave higher reliable indicators of meat productivity when feeding Biogumitel and Glauconit supplements together at a dose of 0.1 g per 1 kg of live weight each. Further research is planned to be devoted to studying the quality of meat products, as well as adipose tissue of various localization.
Overview of feed granulation technology and technical means for its implementation
Authors: Blagov D A , Gizatov A Ya , Smakuyev D R , Kosilov V I , Pogodaev V A , Tamaev S A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The choice of methods for storing feed and the processes of their processing in farms is the most important task for maintaining the qualitative composition of feed components, which determined the relevance of our work. In this work, we consider the technology of feed granulation, its features, as well as the technical means used for this process. Two granulation technologies (wet and dry) were analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of each were identified. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of feed before and after granulation are considered. The positive effect of granular feed on the breakdown of protein in young cattle, a high digestibility, and, consequently, an increase in the productivity of animals is observed. It should be noted that the granulation of waste processing industry can extend their shelf life and increase overall nutritional value. In addition, processed granular waste in combination with other feeds can replace up to 50.0% of grain in the diets of farm animals. The paper gives a brief analysis of the main manufacturers of industrial granularizers with a ring matrix, as well as the technical characteristics of their products. This analysis confirms the popularity of feed granulation in the Russian Federation, which is confirmed by a wide range of manufactured equipment of various capacities.
Climatic characteristics changes analysis of the agroclimatic Novgorod regions
Authors: Dmitruk N G , Stepanova A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on the problem of changes in meteorological parameters – average air temperatures and annual precipitation amount within the agroclimatic areas of the Novgorod region. Despite the small size of the region, its location in the North-West of the European part of Russia and fairly small differences in hypsometric parameters, there are significant differences in climate parameters within the region. The factors, mentioned in the article, are the cause for the climate heterogeneity of the region. The authors attribute these climate changes within the boundaries of agroclimatic regions with specific meteorological changes in local climates. The article presents the factors that determine the differences in climatic conditions and, as a result, the agroclimatic zoning of the region.
Paleotectonic pre-quoternary deposit formation conditions on the territory of Novgorod region
Authors: Druzhnova M P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The following article characterizes the paleotectonic conditions timed to the main Earth development periods. The author has demonstrated the meaning of every tectonic phase during the pre-quoternary deposit formation, which is the basis for Novgorod region massive sedimentary strata layer.
Information asymmetry in genetic farming
Authors: Efimova G A , Efimova S V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper examines a new rent-genetic direction in the development of earth science and the risks of information asymmetry of its current manifestation in agriculture. Practical results imply approbation of logical and mathematical models for implementation of the rent-genetic approach to regulation of land payments that ensure genetic farming development. The study analyzes, evaluates and provides socio-economic substantiation of rental regulators of genetic farming based on activation of genetic factors through the example of crop farming in Leningrad region. Intensive rental income can be ensured in agriculture only in the context of the redistribution of extensive forms of rental income (differential rent I, resource rent, monopoly rent), which is a fundamental condition for creating a competitive environment and investment development in agriculture.
Spicy functional additive in the production of sausages
Authors: Galieva Z A , Salikhova G G , Mikolaychik I N , Morozova L A , Somova Yu V , Parfiriev K A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Spicy herbs have been used by people for a very long time. Every year, the need for their use both in the food industry and in other sectors of the economy is growing. Spices and their extracts are used in the manufacture of cosmetics, for the production of preventive drugs in pharmaceuticals. There is an explanation for such widespread use of herbs – they contain substances that are very necessary and useful for the human body. Spices improve the taste of food and not just that. The article provides a brief historical background on the occurrence of sausages, a detailed description of the properties of one of the medicinal plants – lovage or bladder seed. In addition, the results of a study on the feasibility of using a spicy additive of perennial lovage in sausages are presented. The plant under study has a number of properties that can give the product a functional orientation, due to the presence of mineral salts, vitamins, essential oils, glycosides, terpenes, terpenoids in it. To prepare for use, roots of the plant were used, which were ground to a powder state. During the production of sausages, an additive in the amount of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7% was added to the experimental samples and was compared with the control samples. All samples of sausages were analyzed by organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators, the data of which made it possible to establish the optimal dose of applying perennial lovage in the recipe for sausages. It was found that a sample with a dose of 0.7% additive did not pass the test due to an overly spicy taste and a smearing consistency. The additive had no effect on the color of the product. There is a need for microbiological research, as further research is planned to be directed to establishing optimal storage periods, and refinement of production technological parameters.
Modern Methods of Utilizing Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Authors: Gel V I , Litvinov V A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the handling of municipal solid waste, it is shown that waste disposal at landfills still prevails in Russia, because it is associated with significant difficulties in organizing separate collection. It is shown that in European countries, along with separate collection, sorting and thermal processing of municipal waste are widely used. The operation of the MSW sorting plant in the city of Kostroma showed the possibility of deep sorting with subsequent marketable products receiving. However, the issue of processing glass and the organic part of (food) waste, whose moisture after separation reaches 40%, remains unresolved. The low-temperature combustion of MSW on moving gratings leads to significant emissions of dioxins and furans. In addition, the calorific value of organic waste, due to high humidity, is not sufficient to maintain combustion using air blast; in addition, cleaning a large volume of gases is difficult. The burning of MSW is successfully resolved by the use of oxygen blasting and additives of low-grade solid fuel. It allows achieving a high combustion temperature of the waste (1300° C and above), leading to complete burning of dioxins and furans, as well as significant reduction of exhaust gases volume.
Assessment of the economically beneficial traits of mature cows of Holsteinized black-motley breed
Authors: Gorelik O V , Lihodeevskaya O E , Nesterenko A A , Dolmatova I A , Shepinev D A , Tsoi L A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Holstein is one of the most widespread dairy breeds in the world. In Russia, the most popular is black-motley breed, which has been improved over the past four decades through crossbreeding with the best world Holstein breed. The study aimed to investigate the productive traits of young replacement cows and cows of different years of birth of Holsteinized black-motley cattle of the Ural type. An increased intensity of rearing of young replacement animals was found to reduce the age of first fruitful insemination, to increase productivity, namely milk yield per lactation, and to reduce the length of the productive life of cows. Intensive rearing of young replacement animals has reduced the age of fruitful insemination by 5.7 months over seven years, particularly in the last 2 years, relative to the indicators observed in 2012. With age, the cow productivity changes insignificantly and remains at sufficiently high level. The study revealed that the genetic potential of the parents and intensive rearing of young replacement animals provide a steady increase in milk production of first-calf heifers. However, productivity of cows in subsequent lactations either remains stable or decreases. Productivity of cows increases in second (2013–2015) and third (2012) lactations and then starts to decline. With age, the length of the lactation service period reduces by 5.2–34.9 days, which is primarily due to synchronization of reproductive cycles with an economically viable waiting period implemented on commercial farms. Reproductive cycle synchronization has been implemented in the region since 2015, which immediately reduced the length of the cow service period.