bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tussen wal en schip
Authors: Eski Yarin 
Published: January 2020

Ethnographic insights into operational port security
This ethnography of everyday policing realities in the European ports of Rotterdam and Hamburg presents an understanding of policing spaces where protecting and supporting global commerce dominate. In undertaking this research, the author participated in the daily activities of 85 participants in Rotterdam (N=52) and Hamburg (N=33), consisting of 30 operational port police officers, 31 security officers, 10 customs officers and 14 others involved in port security-related matters (e.g. shipping agents, port authorities, boatmen and maritime engineers). These participants were collectively responsible for protecting the vulnerability of the just-in-time logistics by becoming the intervention, through which they become the very local threat to global commerce itself. A struggle that reveals itself in their (narrated) policing struggles with management, colleagues and multi-agency partners, as well as with the maritime business community and dangerous others.
Uitdagingen in publiek-private samenwerking in de aanpak van drugscriminaliteit in de Rotterdamse haven
Authors: Bisschop Lieselot , Roks Robby , Staring Richard , Brein Elisabeth 
Published: January 2020

Public-private partnerships in tackling drug crime in the port of Rotterdam
This article focuses on the challenges associated with public-private partnerships in tackling drug crime in the port of Rotterdam. The authors identified the actors involved in the fight against drug crime and, more generally, security in the port. The authors show how these various actors view the subject of drug crime (so-called mentalities), what they set as objectives (finalities) and how they try to achieve these objectives. Subsequently the various aspects of the interactions between these actors are being analyzed. The article is empirically based on 76 interviews with public and private actors in the port of Rotterdam, that were conducted in the period from January 2018 to February 2019, and an analysis of literature, news items, government reports and other documents.
Het consultatievoorstel modernisering personenvennootschappen
Authors: Tervoort A.J.S.M. 
Published: January 2020

Het consultatievoorstel modernisering personenvennootschappen. Een overzicht met kanttekeningen
Al meerdere decennia is de wetgever met vele temporaire onderbrekingen bezig het personenvennootschapsrecht, dat in essentie nog uit 1838 stamt, te moderniseren. Een aantal legislatieve aanzetten daartoe is in de loop der jaren om uiteenlopende redenen gesneefd. Het Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid heeft dit onderwerp nu weer opgepakt. Op 21 februari 2019 heeft het een ambtelijk voorontwerp voor een nieuwe wettelijke regeling van het personenvennootschapsrecht met een daarbij behorend voorontwerp-memorie van toelichting in consultatie gebracht. De consultatie is inmiddels gesloten. De hoofdlijnen van dit consultatievoorstel zullen in dit artikel worden beschreven, voorzien van een enkele kanttekening.
Toezicht en handhaving bij het verplicht bod in Nederland
Authors: Schipper J. , Koster H. 
Published: January 2020

Toezicht en handhaving bij het verplicht bod in Nederland
Door de Richtlijn 2004/25/EG van 21 april 2004 betreffende het openbaar overnamebod is er een EU-regeling voor het verplicht bod geïntroduceerd. In Nederland is een (rechts)persoon die overwegende zeggenschap verkrijgt in een beursgenoteerde vennootschap vanaf 28 oktober 2007 verplicht om een openbaar bod uit te brengen op alle overige uitstaande aandelen en certificaten die met medewerking van de vennootschap zijn uitgegeven. In dit artikel onderzoeken de auteurs of er argumenten zijn om het toezicht op en de handhaving van de verplicht-bodregeling in Nederland te herzien. Afgesloten wordt met enkele conclusies.
Een blik op de toekomst van de accountancysector
Authors: Brink-van der Meer J.E. 
Published: January 2020

Een blik op de toekomst van de accountancysector
De accountancysector zit midden in een verandertraject dat moet leiden tot een duurzame gedrags- en cultuurverandering. Uit verschillende onderzoeken zou echter blijken dat de sector onvoldoende voortgang boekt. Dit baart de Minister van Financiën zorgen en daarom heeft hij de Commissie Toekomst Accountancysector (CTA) ingesteld. In deze bijdrage staat de auteur stil bij een drietal onderwerpen, die relevant zijn voor het onderzoek van de CTA naar de toekomst van de accountancysector. Dit betreft de taak en het plan van aanpak van de CTA, het rapport ‘Kwetsbaarheden in de structuur van de accountancysector’ van de AFM en de reacties bij de consultatie. Tot slot worden de voorlopige bevindingen van de CTA besproken.
Het Europese mededingingsrechtelijke marktonderzoek gesyndiceerde leningen: oude wijn in nieuwe zakken?
Authors: Brabers M.C. , Struijlaart R.A. 
Published: January 2020

Het Europese mededingingsrechtelijke marktonderzoek gesyndiceerde leningen: oude wijn in nieuwe zakken?
Onlangs publiceerde de Europese Commissie de resultaten van het mededingingsrechtelijke marktonderzoek gesyndiceerde leningen. Het rapport onderstreept eens te meer dat er mededingingsrisico’s bestaan wanneer banken samenwerken om een gesyndiceerde lening te verstrekken aan een geldlener. Met het rapport heeft de Commissie een gedetailleerde beschrijving van de markt vanuit mededingingsrechtelijk perspectief in handen, waardoor deze mededingingsrisico’s nu duidelijk op haar radar staan. Banken moeten dus oppassen en hebben daarom baat bij een steekhoudende mededingingsrechtelijke paragraaf in het complianceprogramma. Dit artikel gaat in op het rapport en (compliance)maatregelen die banken en geldleners kunnen nemen om mededingingsrisico’s te ondervangen.
Verschuivend paradigma in corporate governance bij vijandige overnames
Authors: Nijland J. , Verdoes T.L.M. , Lycklama à Nijeholt M.P. , Pham N.T. 
Published: January 2020

Verschuivend paradigma in corporate governance bij vijandige overnames. Reflecties van rechters, bestuurders en commissarissen, een lid van de Monitoring Commissie en een institutionele belegger tegen de achtergrond van ontwikkelingen op de kapitaalmarkt en in de jurisprudentie
De recente ontwikkelingen in de Nederlandse jurisprudentie en de herziening van de Corporate Governance Code zouden kunnen dienen als een belangrijke katalysator voor meer ‘duurzame’ overnamebesluiten door het benadrukken van het belang van langetermijnwaardecreatie. De auteurs interviewden belangrijke actoren in overnameconflicten om hun visie te geven op de kansen en bedreigingen van langetermijnwaardecreatie. De reflecties zijn in lijn met de ontwikkelingen en aldus doorgedrongen in het maatschappelijke speelveld. Concrete invulling geven aan langetermijnwaardecreatie is complex vanwege de uiteenlopende visies op het vennootschappelijke belang: de shareholders, stakeholders en de entiteit. Dit schept echter ook de ruimte om autonoom invulling te geven aan langetermijnwaardecreatie.
The Legal Status of the Surviving Spouse and the Compulsory Share in the Hungarian Succession Law
Authors: Szeibert Orsolya 
Published: January 2020

The Legal Status of the Surviving Spouse and the Compulsory Share in the Hungarian Succession Law
Hungarian succession law is regulated by the Hungarian Civil Code (HCC), Act No V of 2013 which contains certain new rules in comparison to the former Hungarian Civil Code, Act IV of 1959. The article gives a short overview on the law of intestacy succession in Hungary and a broad introduction into two important fields of Hungarian succession law. The legal status of the surviving spouse is analysed in details while explaining the content of the widow’s usufruct rights, the surviving spouse’s succession with the decedent’s descendants and with the parents of the decedent. The spouse’s debarment is discussed such as the spouse’s usufruct right in the legal order of lineal succession and the legal position of partners outside marriage. The compulsory share’s meaning, its traditional character, the disinheritance, and the basis and extent of compulsory share are also discussed.
Compulsory Shares and Spousal Protection in Spanish and Catalan Succession Law
Authors: Ferrer-Riba Josep 
Published: January 2020

Compulsory Shares and Spousal Protection in Spanish and Catalan Succession Law
The rules of the Spanish and the Catalan civil codes dealing with compulsory shares and spousal protection in succession law represent very differentiated models of family protection within the large variety of legal regulations coexisting in Spain. The Spanish code, with little changes since 1889, lays down a system of large compulsory shares for the descendants (2/3 of the estate) or, failing them, the ascendants (1/2 of the estate), and confers a right of usufruct of varying extension to the surviving spouse. The Catalan code, renewed in 2008, establishes a much shorter compulsory share (1/4 of the estate) for the descendants or, failing them, the parents of the deceased person, and protects not only the spouse but also the unmarried partner by granting the survivor a maintenance-like right of up to a quarter of the estate.
Evidence of GMPPA founder mutation in indigenous Guatemalan population associated with alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome
Authors: Diaz Jullianne , Kane Timothy D. , Leon Eyby 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a heterogeneous group of inborn errors of metabolism mostly causing multisystem disease. In 2013, biallelic mutations in the GMPPA gene were described in association with one such CDG known as alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome (AAMR). To date, 18 patients have been reported, nearly all displaying the same pathognomonic triad of symptoms described in the name. This condition shares considerable phenotypic overlap with Triple‐A syndrome caused by biallelic mutations in the AAAS gene; however, AAMR lacks the characteristic adrenocortical findings associated with Triple‐A syndrome. We report three patients from two unrelated families with the same homozygous GMPPA mutation (c.265dup, p.L89fs). Notably, both families reported indigenous Maya‐Mam heritage and originated from the town of Concepción Chiquirichapa in Quezaltenango, Guatemala. Our cases help to expand the AAMR phenotype by outlining dysmorphic features not well described in the prior cases. Additionally, we encourage all providers with patients presenting with this unique triad of symptoms to consider sequencing of the GMPPA gene. Special consideration should be given to families of Guatemalan Maya‐Mam ancestry who may also have this identified founder mutation. Finally, this condition may indeed be underdiagnosed based on a review of the literature.
Experimental and Computational Insights into the Water‐Mediated Decomposition of N‐Sulfonylhydrazones: A Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of γ‐Keto/Nitrile Sulfones
Authors: Goyal Shagun , Budhiraja Meenakshi , Mandal Debasish , Tyagi Vikas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis work is an example of water‐mediated decomposition of N‐sulfonylhydrazones used as sulfonyl‐transferring reagents in the selective sulfa‐Michael reaction in the absence of any base or catalyst. A wide range of substituted N‐sulfonylhydrazones were tested as sources of sulfonyl anions with enones or acrylonitrile, which in turn provided the γ‐ keto/nitrile sulfones in very good yields. Additionally, we have performed a rigorous computational mechanistic study to investigate the role of water which demonstrates the key role of water in the hydrogen abstraction from N‐tosylhydrazone to initiate the reaction.
Transition‐Metal–Boron Intermetallics with Strong Interatomic d–sp Orbital Hybridization for High‐Performance Electrocatalysis
Authors: Ai Xuan , Zou Xu , Chen Hui , Su Yutong , Feng Xilan , Li Qiuju , Liu Yipu , Zhang Yu , Zou Xiaoxin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA theoretical and experimental study gives insights into the nature of the metal–boron electronic interaction in boron‐bearing intermetallics and its effects on surface hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen‐evolving catalytic activity. Strong hybridization between the d orbitals of transition metal (TM) and the sp orbitals of boron exists in a family of fifteen TM–boron intermatallics (TM:B=1:1), and hydrogen atoms adsorb more weakly to the metal‐terminated intermetallic surfaces than to the corresponding pure metal surfaces. This modulation of electronic structure makes several intermetallics (e.g., PdB, RuB, ReB) prospective, efficient hydrogen‐evolving materials with catalytic activity close to Pt. A general reaction pathway towards the synthesis of such TMB intermetallics is provided; a class of seven phase‐pure TMB intermetallics, containing V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, and Ru, are thus synthesized. RuB is a high‐performing, non‐platinum electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
A novel environmentally friendly process for depolymerization of hydrolysis lignin using Kraft cooking liquor: chemicals recoverable by the Kraft recovery cycle
Authors: Ahmad Zaid , Gagne Alain , Del Rio Luis , Paleologou Michael , Xu Chunbao (Charles) 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrolysis lignin (HL) refers to a lignin‐rich residue obtained after the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. It is recalcitrant, heterogeneous, insoluble in most common solvents, and less reactive than other lignins. To enhance the reactivity of HL, a novel environmentally friendly depolymerization approach was demonstrated to produce depolymerized hydrolysis lignin (DHL) using Kraft cooking liquor, white liquor (WL) – recoverable by the Kraft recovery cycle. The effects of various process parameters such as reaction time, WL/HL ratio, and reaction temperature on lignin depolymerization were investigated using a 2 L Parr reactor under N2. The DHLs obtained were then characterized by Gel permeation chromatography (GPC)‐Ultraviolet Detector (GPC‐UV), 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet visible (UV–visible) spectroscopy, while the filtrates were characterized by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for saccharinic acids. The DHL yield reached 45–70% from the treatments at 150–190 °C for 1 h at a WL/HL mass ratio of 1:4 ~ 2:1. The weight‐average molecular weight (Mw) value of the DHL obtained at 190 °C after treatment for 1 h at a WL/HL ratio of 2:1 (w/w) was 2600 Da. Moreover, a significant increase in non‐condensed phenolic hydroxyl and carboxylic acid group content was observed with decreasing Mw. Compared with various existing lignin modification approaches, the approach reported here is less expensive and more environmentally friendly if integrated into Kraft pulp mill operations with the residual WL from the lignin depolymerization process being recycled to the mill chemical recovery cycle. Process scale‐up was also demonstrated using a 20 L circulating reactor. In this case, the Mw of the DHL produced after treatment at 170 °C for 2 h was 2400 Da. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An inquiry‐based approach in large undergraduate labs: Learning, by doing it the “wrong” way
Authors: Bachhawat Anand K , Pandit Shashi Bhushan , Banerjee Indranil , Anand Shashi , Sarkar Roman , Mrigwani Arpita , Mishra Shravan Kumar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUndergraduate laboratory courses, owing to their larger sizes and shorter time slots, are often conducted in highly structured modes. However, this approach is known to interfere with students' engagement in the experiments. To enhance students' engagement, we propose an alternative mode of running laboratory courses by creating some “disorder” in a previously adopted structure. After performing an experiment in the right way, the students were asked to repeat the experiment but with a variation at certain steps leading to the experiment being done the “wrong” way. Although this approach led to fewer experiments being conducted in a semester, it significantly enhanced the students' involvement. This was also reflected in the students' feedback. The majority of students preferred repeating an experiment with a variant protocol than performing a new experiment. Although we have tested this inquiry‐based approach only for an undergraduate laboratory course in molecular biology, we believe such an approach could also be extended to undergraduate laboratory courses of other subjects.
Gender‐dependent pharmacokinetics of olaparib in rats determined by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Su Guosheng , Qin Lihua , Su Xiaoye , Tao Chuanmin , Wei Yesheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to develop a liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS) method for the determination of olaparib in rat plasma. The plasma samples were processed using one‐step protein precipitation with acetonitrile and then separated on Waters Acquity BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, particle size 1.7 μm) using water containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase with optimized gradient elution. Mass spectrometric detection was carried out by selective reaction monitoring mode via positive ESI mode with precursor‐to‐product transitions of m/z 435.3 > 367.1 and m/z 443.1 > 375.2 for olaparib and 2H8‐olaparib (internal standard). The method was linear over the concentration range 0.1–2000 ng/ml with correlation coefficient >0.9987. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.1 ng/ml. The method showed excellent accuracy and precision, negligible matrix effect and high extraction recovery. The validated method was subsequently utilized to determine the concentration of olaparib in rat plasma and further applied to the pharmacokinetic study of olaparib in rat plasma. Our results demonstrated that olaparib showed gender‐dependent pharmacokinetics in rats. Compared with that in males, olaparib showed high plasma exposure, long half‐life, low clearance and high bioavailability in females.
A nomogram to predict outcomes of lung cancer patients after pneumonectomy based on 47 indicators
Authors: Cheng Bo , Wang Cong , Zou Bing , Huang Di , Yu Jinming , Cheng Yufeng , Meng Xue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsWe aimed to establish a nomogram for lung cancer using patients' characteristics and potential hematological biomarkers.MethodsPrinciple component analysis was used to reduce the dimensions of the data, and each component was transformed into categorical variables based on cutoff values obtained using the X‐tile software. Multivariate analysis was used to determine potential prognostic biomarkers. Five components were used in the predictive nomogram. Internal validation of the model was performed by bootstrapping of samples, while external validation was performed on a separate cohort from Shandong Cancer Hospital. The predictive accuracy of the model was measured by concordance index and risk group stratification. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the net benefit of the models.ResultsOne hundred patients in the Discovery group and 111 patients in the Validation group were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Forty‐seven indexes were sorted into eight subgroups. Five components based on cox regression analysis were enrolled into the predictive nomogram. The nomogram prediction of the probability of 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival was in great concordance with the actual observations. Of interest, the nomogram allowed better risk stratification of patients and better accuracy in predicting patients' survival compared with pathological tumor‐node‐metastasis staging system.ConclusionA nomogram was established for prognosis of lung cancer, which can be used for treatment selection and clinical care management.
Structural Dynamics and Stereoselectivity of Chiral Benzylideneamine N,C‐Chelate Borane Photo–Thermal Isomerization
Authors: Novoseltseva Polina , Li Haijun , Wang Xiang , Sauriol Francoise , Wang Suning 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNew chiral N,C‐chelate organoboron compounds based on benzylideneamines (bza) with the general formula of B(bza‐R)Mes2(R=H or Me; Mes=mesityl) are reported. A chiral substituent groupR‐ orS‐CH(CH3)Ph (Ph=phenyl) was introduced to the imine center, which imposed a previously unobserved pseudo‐ or axial‐chirality on the BMes2, creating distinct diastereomers. NMR spectroscopic studies established that the diastereomers undergo slow exchange in solution at ambient temperature. The chiral N,C‐chelate B(bza‐R)Mes2molecules undergo photoisomerization in the same manner as their non‐chiral analogues, generating chiral BN‐cyclooctatriene (BN‐COT) derivatives. Most significantly, by tracking the photoisomerization with circular dichroism (CD) and1H NMR spectra along with time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) computational studies, the photoisomerization was established to proceed in a highly stereoselective manner, that is, one diastereomer converts exclusively to the corresponding diastereomer product in the photoreaction.
Classification of epilepsy period based on combination feature extraction methods and spiking swarm intelligent optimization algorithm
Authors: Duan Lijuan , Lian Zhaoyang , Chen Juncheng , Qiao Yuanhua , Miao Jun , Li Mingai 
Published: January 2020

SummaryEpilepsy seriously damages the physical and mental health of patients. Detection of epileptic EEG signals in different periods can help doctors diagnose the disease. The change of frequency components during epilepsy seizures is obvious, and there may be noises in epilepsy EEG signals. Moreover, epileptic seizures are closely related to the release of neuronal spiking in the brain. In this paper, we propose an approach for epilepsy period classification based on combination feature extraction methods and spiking swarm intelligent optimization classification algorithm. First, combination feature extraction methods take in account both the time‐frequency features and principal component features of epilepsy. The time‐frequency features are obtained by WPT or STFT‐PSD, and noises are removed while extracting principal component features by PCA. Second, spiking swarm intelligent optimization classification algorithm takes advantage of individual cooperation and information interaction with strong robustness. Its simulated neurons are closer to reality, which consider more information and obtain stronger computing power. The experimental results show that the average classification accuracy of the proposed method can reach 98.95% and the highest classification accuracy can reach 100%. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has the best classification performance.