bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Gao Yunbo , Wang Chengshuo , Wang Guyan , Cui Xu , Yang Guang , Lou Hongfei , Zhang Luo 
Published: December 2019

Background Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been widely applied during perioperative periods for different diseases, there are few reports of ERAS in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). This study therefore aimed to evaluate the benefits of ERAS protocol compared to traditional care following ESS. Methods A total of 55 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing ESS were prospectively assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups; ERAS groups with postoperative intravenous Flubiprofen Axetil or analgesia pump, traditional care with Flubiprofen Axetil or analgesia pump (NERAS groups), or traditional care without postoperative intravenous analgesia group (control). All patients completed the Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, and Self-rating Anxiety Scale at admission and before discharge. Pain scores were recorded at 2, 6, 24, and 48 hours postsurgery and adverse reactions to analgesics were noted. Results Patients in ERAS group demonstrated significantly higher general comfort scores and lower self-rating anxiety scores compared to patients in NERAS and control groups. Compared to control patients, patients in ERAS group reported significantly lower pain scores at 6, 24, and 48 hours. Moreover, pain alleviated from 6 hours postsurgery in ERAS group compared to 48 hours in NERAS group. Patients using opioids experienced more adverse nausea events than patients using only nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Conclusions The use of patient-tailored ERAS programs following ESS may help to attain higher general comfort and to alleviate perioperative anxiety compared with traditional perioperative care. Adequate postoperative analgesia with NSAIDs in ERAS protocol may alleviate pain earlier with fewer adverse reactions.
Influence of visceral adiposity accumulation on adverse left and right ventricular mechanics in the community
Authors: Sawada Naoko , Nakanishi Koki , Daimon Masao , Yoshida Yuriko , Ishiwata Jumpei , Hirokawa Megumi , Nakao Tomoko , Morita Hiroyuki , Di Tullio Marco R , Homma Shunichi , Komuro Issei 
Published: December 2019

Aims
Obesity carries significant risk for unfavorable ventricular remodeling and subsequent heart failure (HF) development, although the association between abdominal fat distribution and subclinical ventricular dysfunction is unclear. This study aimed to compare the subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adiposity with the risk of decreased ventricular strain.

Methods
We included 340 participants without overt cardiac disease who underwent laboratory testing, abdominal computed tomographic examination, and speckle-tracking echocardiography. Abdominal adiposity was quantitatively assessed as visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) at the level of the umbilicus. Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and right ventricular free-wall longitudinal strain (RVLS).

Results
Mean age was 56 ± 9 years, and 244 of the participants (72%) were male. The mean LVGLS and RVLS were −19.1 ± 3.0% and −25.0 ± 4.1%, respectively. Both VFA and SFA correlated with LVGLS (r = 0.46 and r = 0.15, both p &lt; 0.01) and RVLS (r = 0.38 and r = 0.12, both p &lt; 0.05), demonstrating a stronger correlation between VFA and ventricular strain. Multivariable analysis showed that VFA was significantly associated with LVGLS and RVLS, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors as well as pertinent laboratory and echocardiographic parameters (both p &lt; 0.05), whereas SFA was not. Serum adiponectin level was correlated with LVGLS (r = –0.34, p &lt; 0.001) and RVLS (r = –0.25, p &lt; 0.001), although it lost statistical significance following multivariable adjustment.

Conclusion
In a sample of the general population, VFA, but not SFA, accumulation was significantly associated with decreased LV and RV strain, an association that may be involved in the increased risk of HF in obese individuals.
Protease activity in single-chain prekallikrein
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Verhamme Ingrid M. , Sun Mao-fu , Mohammed Bassem , Cheng Qiufang , Matafonov Anton , Dickeson S. Kent , Joseph Kusumam , Kaplan Allen P. , Gailani David 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrekallikrein (PK) is the precursor of the trypsin-like plasma protease kallikrein (PKa), which cleaves kininogens to release bradykinin and converts the protease precursor factor XII (FXII) to the enzyme FXIIa. PK and FXII undergo reciprocal conversion to their active forms (PKa and FXIIa) by a process that is accelerated by a variety of biological and artificial surfaces. The surface-mediated process is referred to as contact activation. Previously, we showed that FXII expresses a low level of proteolytic activity (independently of FXIIa) that may initiate reciprocal activation with PK. The current study was undertaken to determine whether PK expresses similar activity. Recombinant PK that cannot be converted to PKa was prepared by replacing Arg371 with alanine at the activation cleavage site (PK-R371A, or single-chain PK). Despite being constrained to the single-chain precursor form, PK-R371A cleaves high-molecular-weight kininogen (HK) to release bradykinin with a catalytic efficiency ∼1500-fold lower than that of kallikrein cleavage of HK. In the presence of a surface, PK-R371A converts FXII to FXIIa with a specific activity ∼4 orders of magnitude lower than for PKa cleavage of FXII. These results support the notion that activity intrinsic to PK and FXII can initiate reciprocal activation of FXII and PK in solution or on a surface. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the putative zymogens of many trypsin-like proteases are actually active proteases, explaining their capacity to undergo processes such as autoactivation and to initiate enzyme cascades.
Reinforcing effect of hardwoods on the moment resistance performance of traditional Japanese “nuki”-column joints
Authors: Suesada Hiroto , Miyamoto Kohta , Shibusawa Tatsuya , Aoki Kenji , Inayama Masahiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn traditional Japanese timber structures, nuki-column joints are used as seismic elements. However, the elastic stiffness of their moment resistance performance is rather small. In this research, hardwoods were used for nuki in three ways to improve the performance of the joints. Moment resistance tests of the joints were conducted to evaluate their structural performance and clarify the differences depending on the wood species, the nuki cross sections, and reinforcing effects of hardwoods discussed. In some specifications, it was shown that using hardwoods for nuki improved the structural performance of the joints. A significant effect was observed on some characteristic values of the joints.
MicroRNA-582–3p negatively regulates cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in acute myeloid leukemia by targeting cyclin B2
Authors: Li Haixia , Tian Xuefei , Wang Paoqiu , Huang Mao , Xu Ronghua , Nie Tian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators. Some miRNAs, including the recently discovered miR-582–3p, have been implicated in leukemogenesis. This study aimed to reveal the biological function of miR-582–3p in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is one of the most frequently diagnosed hematological malignancies.

Methods
The expression of miR-582–3p was determined using quantitative real-time PCR in blood samples from leukemia patients and in cell lines. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using the CCK-8, colony formation and flow cytometry assays. The target gene of miR-582–3p was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The G2/M phase arrest-related molecule contents were measured using western blotting analysis.

Results
We found miR-582–3p was significantly downregulated in the blood samples from leukemia patients and in the cell lines. MiR-582–3p overexpression significantly impaired cell proliferation and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in THP-1 cells. Furthermore, cyclin B2 (CCNB2) was confirmed as a target gene of miR-582–3p and found to be negatively regulated by miR-582–3p overexpression. More importantly, CCNB2 knockdown showed suppressive effects on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression similar to those caused by miR-582–3p overexpression. The inhibitory effects of miR-582–3p overexpression on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were abrogated by CCNB2 transfection.

Conclusion
These findings indicate new functions and mechanisms for miR-582–3p in AML development. Further study could clarify if miR-582–3p and CCNB2 are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of AML.
Upregulation of miR-376c-3p alleviates oxygen–glucose deprivation-induced cell injury by targeting ING5
Authors: Zhang Heng , Zhou Jie , Zhang Mingxia , Yi Yanjie , He Bing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The expression level of miR-376c-3p is significantly lower in infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) than in healthy infants. However, the biological function of this microRNA remains largely elusive.

Methods
We used PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells to establish an oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) cell injury model to mimic HIE in vitro. The miR-376c-3p expression levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were utilized to evaluate OGD-induced cell injury. The association between miR-376c-3p and inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) was validated using the luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting was conducted to determine the protein expression of CDK4, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bax.

Results
MiR-376c-3p was significantly downregulated in the OGD-induced cell injury model. Its overexpression elevated cell viability and impaired cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells after OGD. Downregulation of miR-376c-3p gave the opposite results. We further demonstrated that ING5 was a negatively regulated target gene of miR-376c-3p. Importantly, ING5 knockdown had a similar effect to miR-376c-3p-mediated protective effects against cell injury induced by OGD. Its overexpression abolished these protective effects.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that miR-376c-3p downregulated ING5 to exert protective effects against OGD-induced cell injury in PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells. This might represent a novel therapeutic approach for neonatal HIE treatment.
Molecular cytogenetics of valuable Arctic and sub-Arctic pasture grass species from the Aveneae/Poeae tribe complex (Poaceae)
Authors: Amosova Alexandra V. , Zoshchuk Svyatoslav A. , Rodionov Alexander V. , Ghukasyan Lilit , Samatadze Tatiana E. , Punina Elizaveta O. , Loskutov Igor G. , Yurkevich Olga Yu. , Muravenko Olga V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Grasslands in the Arctic tundra undergo irreversible degradation due to climatic changes and also over-exploitation and depletion of scarce resources. Comprehensive investigations of cytogenomic structures of valuable Arctic and sub-Arctic grassland species is essential for clarifying their genetic peculiarities and phylogenetic relationships, and also successful developing new forage grass cultivars with high levels of adaptation, stable productivity and longevity. We performed molecular cytogenetic characterization of insufficiently studied pasture grass species (Poaceae) from related genera representing two neighboring clades: 1) Deschampsia and Holcus; 2) Alopecurus, Arctagrostis and Beckmannia, which are the primary fodder resources in the Arctic tundra.

Results
We constructed the integrated schematic maps of distribution of these species in the northern, central and eastern parts of Eurasia based on the currently available data as only scattered data on their occurrence is currently available. The species karyotypes were examined with the use of DAPI-banding, multicolour FISH with 35S rDNA, 5S rDNA and the (GTT)9 microsatellite motif and also sequential rapid multocolour GISH with genomic DNAs of Deschampsia sukatschewii, Deschampsia flexuosa and Holcus lanatus belonging to one of the studied clades. Cytogenomic structures of the species were specified; peculiarities and common features of their genomes were revealed. Different chromosomal rearrangements were detected in Beckmannia syzigachne, Deschampsia cespitosa and D. flexuosa; B chromosomes with distinct DAPI-bands were observed in karyotypes of D. cespitosa and H. lanatus.

Conclusions
The peculiarities of distribution patterns of the examined chromosomal markers and also presence of common homologous DNA repeats in karyotypes of the studies species allowed us to verify their relationships. The obtained unique data on distribution areas and cytogenomic structures of the valuable Arctic and sub-Arctic pasture species are important for further genetic and biotechnological studies and also plant breeding progress.
Evolution and expression of genes encoding TCP transcription factors in Solanum tuberosum reveal the involvement of StTCP23 in plant defence
Authors: Bao Sarina , Zhang Zhenxin , Lian Qun , Sun Qinghua , Zhang Ruofang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The plant-specific Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factor (TCP) family of transcription factors is involved in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, performing diverse functions in plant growth and development. In addition, TCP transcription factors have recently been shown to be targets of pathogenic effectors and are likely to play a vital role in plant immunity. No comprehensive analysis of the TCP family members in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has been undertaken, however, and whether their functions are conserved in potato remains unknown.

Results
To assess TCP gene evolution in potato, we identified TCP-like genes in several publicly available databases. A total of 23 non-redundant TCP transcription factor-encoding genes were identified in the potato genome and subsequently subjected to a systematic analysis that included determination of their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures and expression profiles in different potato tissues under basal conditions and after hormone treatments. These assays also confirmed the function of the class I TCP StTCP23 in the regulation of plant growth and defence.

Conclusions
This is the first genome-wide study including a systematic analysis of the StTCP gene family in potato. Identification of the possible functions of StTCPs in potato growth and defence provides valuable information for our understanding of the classification and functions of the TCP genes in potato.
Genetic boundaries delineate the potential human pathogen Salmonella bongori into discrete lineages: divergence and speciation
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Zhu Songling , Zhao Jian-Hua , Bao Hong-Xia , Liu Huidi , Ding Tie-Min , Liu Gui-Rong , Li Yong-Guo , Johnston Randal N. , Cao Feng-Lin , Tang Le , Liu Shu-Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSalmonella bongoriinfect mainly cold-blooded hosts, but infections byS. bongoriin warm-blooded hosts have been reported. We hypothesized thatS. bongorimight have diverged into distinct phylogenetic lineages, with some being able to infect warm-blooded hosts.ResultsTo inspect the divergence status ofS. bongori, we first completely sequenced the parakeet isolate RKS3044 and compared it with other sequencedS. bongoristrains. We found that RKS3044 contained a novel T6SS encoded in a pathogenicity island-like structure, in addition to a T6SS encoded in SPI-22, which is common to allS. bongoristrains so far reported. This novel T6SS resembled the SPI-19 T6SS of the warm-blooded host infectingSalmonellaSubgroup I lineages. Genomic sequence comparisons revealed different genomic sequence amelioration events among theS. bongoristrains, including a unique CTAG tetranucleotide degeneration pattern in RKS3044, suggesting non-overlapping gene pools between RKS3044 and otherS. bongorilineages/strains leading to their independent accumulation of genomic variations. We further proved the existence of a clear-cut genetic boundary between RKS3044 and the otherS. bongorilineages/strains analyzed in this study.ConclusionsThe warm-blooded host-infectingS. bongoristrain RKS3044 has diverged with distinct genomic features from otherS. bongoristrains, including a novel T6SS encoded in a previously not reported pathogenicity island-like structure and a unique genomic sequence degeneration pattern. These findings alert cautions about the emergence of new pathogens originating from non-pathogenic ancestors by acquiring specific pathogenic traits.
Using the K/BxN mouse model of endogenous, chronic, rheumatoid arthritis for the evaluation of potential immunoglobulin-based therapeutic agents, including IVIg and Fc-μTP-L309C, a recombinant IgG1 Fc hexamer
Authors: Lewis Bonnie J. B. , Ville Jade , Blacquiere Megan , Cen Selena , Spirig Rolf , Zuercher Adrian W. , Käsermann Fabian , Branch Donald R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHigh-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), and more recently, subcutaneously-delivered Ig (SCIg), are used to treat a variety of autoimmune diseases; however, there are challenges associated with product production, availability, access and efficacy. These challenges have provided incentives to develop a human recombinant Fc as a more potent alternative to IVIg and SCIg for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Recently, a recombinant human IgG1 Fc hexamer (Fc-μTP-L309C) was shown to be more efficacious than IVIg in a variety of autoimmune mouse models. We have now examined its efficacy compared to IVIg and SCIg in the K/BxN mouse model of endogenous, chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA).ResultUsing the serum-transfer K/BxN model and the endogenous autoimmune model, amelioration of the arthritis was achieved. Effective treatment required high and frequent doses of IVIg, SCIg and Fc-μTP-L309C. However, Fc-μTP-L309C was efficacious at 10-fold lower doses that IVIg/SCIg. Also, arthritis could be prevented when Fc-μTP-L309C was given prior to onset of the arthritis in both the endogenous model and in the serum transfer model.ConclusionsOur results show that Fc-μTP-L309C is a powerful treatment for the prevention and amelioration of severe, chronic arthritis in a true autoimmune mouse model of RA. Thus, the K/BxN endogenous arthritis model should be useful for testing potential therapeutics for RA. Our findings provide rationale for further examination of the treatment efficacy of immunoglobulin-based therapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis.
Household cockroaches carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producing enterobacteria, and share beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans
Authors: Obeng-Nkrumah Noah , Labi Appiah-Korang , Blankson Harriet , Awuah-Mensah Georgina , Oduro-Mensah Daniel , Anum Judelove , Teye James , Kwashie Solomon Dzidzornu , Bako Evariste , Ayeh-Kumi Patrick Ferdinand , Asmah Richard 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
This study was designed to investigate whether household cockroaches harbor cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria that share resistance determinants with human inhabitants. From February through July 2016, whole cockroach homogenates and human fecal samples from 100 households were cultured for cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria (CRe). The CRe were examined for plasmid-mediated AmpC, ESBL, and carbapenemase genes; antibiotic susceptibility patterns; and conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Clonal associations between CRe were determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).

Results
Twenty CRe were recovered from whole cockroach homogenates from 15 households. The prevalence of households with cockroaches that harbored CRe, AmpC- (based on phenotype, with no identifiable blaAmpC genes), ESBL-, and carbapenemase-producers were 15, 4, 5%(2 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1; 1 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4; 1 blaTEM-24; 1 blaSHV-4) and 3%(2 blaNDM-1 genes and 1 blaOXA-48 gene), respectively. Overall, 20 CRe were recovered from 61 fecal samples of inhabitants from all 15 households that had cockroach samples positive for CRe. Of these, 5CRe (1 per household) were positive for ESBLs (blaTEM-24, blaTEM-14, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4, blaSHV-3, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1) and none carried AmpCs or carbapenemases. From 4% of households, the pair of cockroach and human CRe shared the same sequence type (ST), clonal complex (CC), antibiogram, and conjugable bla gene sequence (house 34, E. coli ST9/CC20-blaTEM-4; house 37, E. coli ST44/CC10-blaCTX-15/TEM-4; house 41, E. coli ST443/CC205-blaCTX-15/TEM-1; house 49, K. pneumoniae ST231/CC131-blaSHV-13).

Conclusion
The findings provide evidence that household cockroaches may carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producers, and share clonal relationship and beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans.
Diagnostic error in the emergency department: learning from national patient safety incident report analysis
Authors: Hussain Faris , Cooper Alison , Carson-Stevens Andrew , Donaldson Liam , Hibbert Peter , Hughes Thomas , Edwards Adrian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Diagnostic error occurs more frequently in the emergency department than in regular in-patient hospital care. We sought to characterise the nature of reported diagnostic error in hospital emergency departments in England and Wales from 2013 to 2015 and to identify the priority areas for intervention to reduce their occurrence.

Methods
A cross-sectional mixed-methods design using an exploratory descriptive analysis and thematic analysis of patient safety incident reports. Primary data were extracted from a national database of patient safety incidents. Reports were filtered for emergency department settings, diagnostic error (as classified by the reporter), from 2013 to 2015. These were analysed for the chain of events, contributory factors and harm outcomes.

Results
There were 2288 cases of confirmed diagnostic error: 1973 (86%) delayed and 315 (14%) wrong diagnoses. One in seven incidents were reported to have severe harm or death. Fractures were the most common condition (44%), with cervical-spine and neck of femur the most frequent types. Other common conditions included myocardial infarctions (7%) and intracranial bleeds (6%). Incidents involving both delayed and wrong diagnoses were associated with insufficient assessment, misinterpretation of diagnostic investigations and failure to order investigations. Contributory factors were predominantly human factors, including staff mistakes, healthcare professionals’ inadequate skillset or knowledge and not following protocols.

Conclusions
Systems modifications are needed that provide clinicians with better support in performing patient assessment and investigation interpretation. Interventions to reduce diagnostic error need to be evaluated in the emergency department setting, and could include standardised checklists, structured reporting and technological investigation improvements.