bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The travel of ideas: the dual structure of mobilized knowledge in the context of professional learning networks
Authors: Jesacher-Roessler Livia Anna Julia 
Published: December 2020

PurposeIn the context of professional learning networks (PLNs), there are many studies which address knowledge mobilization (KMb). The majority of these focus on how research is mobilized by various actors. This paper explores the concepts of KMb both on an individual and an organizational level and discusses the role of PLN participants and PLNs as catalysts for institutional change (IC). To illustrate this, a model was developed which draws on a concept that depicts the mobilization processes at the various levels.Design/methodology/approachThe model was developed by drawing on theoretical approaches to both KMb on an individual and an organizational level of schools. The strengths and limitations of the model are then assessed as part of an exploratory study. Interviews of PLN participants (n = 7) from two schools and detailed logbooks of two participants were used to reconstruct experiences of KMb in the PLNs and the process of KMb among schools. By contrasting two schools, the study traces how mechanisms of KMb occurred. Data sources were analyzed using a structured content analysis alongside a deductive–inductive code system.FindingsThe results of the exploratory study show that, although the model is able to map the KMb practices, some refinement is still needed. While the extension of concepts describing the work of knowledge mobilizer (KM) leads to a more theoretically differentiated perspective, the data also showed that PLN participants only partially define themselves as KMs. The connection to concepts of strategies of knowledge mobilizing on an organizational level led to an increased transparency in the theoretical model. The data showed that KMb is influenced by organizational and individual beliefs.Originality/valueThe paper adds to the current knowledge base through a theoretical model that addresses the underinvestigated topic of KMb regarding the link between the individual and organizational levels. With a special focus on individual and organizational levels, a connection between KMb and IC is provided. The theoretical framework and research findings from an additional explorative study can be used to further develop relevant insights into the actions of participants from PLNs that enable IC processes among their schools.
Association of nurses’ characteristics and level of knowledge with ageist attitudes toward older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Rababa Mohammad , Hammouri Ammar M. , Al-Rawashdeh Sami 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the association between nurses’ ageism and their knowledge about aging and socio-demographic and professional characteristics in recent international nursing research studies.

Design/methodology/approach
An extensive search of seven databases covering papers since 2000 was undertaken and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed.

Findings
Ageism among nurses is still poorly understood. It is evident that ageism is associated with poor nurses’ level of knowledge about aging. A range of nurses’ demographical and professional characteristics have been examined as potential predictors of ageism, but they were inconsistent with positive, negative and neutral associations.

Originality/value
There is a lack of robustly designed studies investigating the association of nurses’ level of knowledge about aging and their socio-demographical and professional characteristics to ageism. Future descriptive-correlational and interventional studies are recommended to understand and target ageism in health-care settings.
How can practical wisdom manifest itself in five fundamental management and leadership practices?
Authors: Jakubik Maria 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Practical wisdom (PW; phronesis), as one of the human virtues, is experiencing a renewal in the contemporary management literature. The aim of this conceptual paper is first, to explore the core practices of managers and leaders in the literature and second, to demonstrate how PW can manifest itself in these practices.

Design/methodology/approach
The research follows the interpretivist research philosophy, inductive approach, qualitative method and the theory-building research strategy. The data collection method is a literature review. The practice ecosystem framework is applied to demonstrate the presence of PW in the core practices of managers and leaders.

Findings
The paper proposes a practice-based paradigm of management and leadership. From the literature study, envisioning, enabling, energizing, engaging and executing as five fundamental practices are identified.

Research limitations/implications
The most significant literature was selected based on decisions of the author. Therefore, it might be that important sources were overlooked. The paper proposes future research questions, and it calls for an empirical validation of the proposed conceptual model in management and leadership practices context.

Practical implications
The practical implications for managers and leaders are in applying the framework developed in this paper as a tool or guidelines to cultivate PW in their practices. The paper offers implications for management education, traditional educational institutions and educational practitioners because they are the key influencers of wise thinking and actions of future managers and leaders.

Originality/value
The novelty of this paper is in making explicit how the eight features of PW can manifest themselves in the everyday actions of managers and leaders. Applying the practice ecosystem framework for this purpose is an original contribution.
Simultaneous‐source deblending using adaptive coherence‐constrained dictionary learning and sparse approximation
Authors: Evinemi E. Isaac , Mao Weijian 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe dictionary learning and sparse approximation method using the K‐singular value decomposition algorithm rely on the knowledge of the sparsity or noise variance as a constraint when it is used for data denoising. However, the determination of the sparsity or noise variance of seismic data can be tricky and sometimes unknown, especially in seismic field data. Thus, where the cardinality or the noise variance is not known, the intrinsic character of the relative coherence between the removed noise from noisy data and its learned dictionary is instead used as a constraint for the sparse approximation of simultaneous‐source seismic data. The dictionary learning is obtained using a modified orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm which uses coherence as a constraint and is referred to as coherence dictionary learning. The coherence dictionary learning is then adapted to handle the simultaneous‐source seismic data deblending. A blending structure with random time dithering of sequential source shooting is used to guarantee adequate randomness of the noise. Two‐dimensional overlap patches of the noisy data were extracted from the common receiver gather domain to train the dictionary and to determine the sparse representation of the signal. The method is tested on both synthetic and field data, and it shows adequate data recovery. Comparing the result of this method to the matching pursuit algorithm constrained by the signal sparsity and the noise variance reveals that our approach performs better at noise attenuation and yields a reasonable data recovery especially for strong seismic signal.
Epithelial expression and role of secreted STC1 on asthma airway hyperresponsiveness through calcium channel modulation
Authors: Xu Jiayan , Meng Yaqi , Jia Man , Jiang Jie , Yang Yi , Ou Yingwei , Wu Yunhui , Yan Xiaoyi , Huang Mao , Adcock Ian M. , Yao Xin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and airway remodeling. Airway hyperresponsiveness results from enhanced airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction potentially under the control of an epithelium‐derived relaxing factor (EpDRF). However, relatively rare is known about EpDRF. We aimed to elucidate the role of epithelium‐derived stanniocalcin‐1 (STC1) on AHR and ASM contraction.MethodsStanniocalcin‐1 levels in the serum of asthmatic patients and healthy volunteers and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from ovalbumin (OVA)‐challenged mice were measured by ELISA. The effects of exogenous STC1 on AHR and on inflammation were examined in mice. IL‐13 modulation of STC1 mRNA and protein levels was studied in human bronchial epithelial cell lines (16HBE). The function of STC1 on Ca2+ influx and ASM contraction was examined ex vivo.ResultsSerum STC1 was decreased in asthma (n = 93) compared with healthy volunteers (1071 ± 30.4 vs 1414 ± 75.1 pg/ml, p < 0.0001, n = 23) and correlated with asthma control (p = 0.0270), lung function (FEV1, p = 0.0130), and serum IL‐13 levels (p = 0.0009). Treatment of ten asthmatic subjects with inhaled corticosteroids/long‐acting beta2‐agonists (ICS/LABA) for 1 year enhanced STC1 expression which correlated with improved asthma control (p = 0.022). STC1 was mainly expressed in bronchial epithelium and intranasal administration of recombinant human STC1 (rhSTC1) reduced AHR and inflammation in mice. IL‐13 suppressed STC1 release from 16HBE, whereas rhSTC1 blocked store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by suppressing stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and further inhibited ASM cell contractility by suppressing Ca2+‐dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation.ConclusionOur data indicate that STC1 deficiency in asthmatic airways promotes STIM1 hyperactivity, enhanced ASM contraction, and AHR. STC1 may be a candidate EpDRF.
Hepatitis B virus surface protein induces sperm dysfunction through the activation of a Bcl2/Bax signaling cascade triggering AIF/Endo G–mediated apoptosis
Authors: Han Ting‐Ting , Huang Ji‐Hua , Gu Jiang , Xie Qing‐Dong , Zhong Ying , Huang Tian‐Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) was found to exist in semen and male germ cells of patients with chronic HBV infection. Our previous studies demonstrated that HBV surface protein (HBs) could induce sperm dysfunction by activating a calcium signaling cascade and triggering caspase‐dependent apoptosis. However, the relationship between sperm dysfunction caused by HBs and caspase‐independent apoptosis has not been investigated.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of HBs exposure on sperm dysfunction by activating caspase‐independent apoptosis.Materials and methodsSpermatozoa were exposed to HBs at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL for 3 h. Flow cytometry, qRT‐PCR, immunofluorescence assay, ELISA, and zona‐free hamster oocyte penetration assays were performed.ResultsWith increasing concentrations of HBs, various parameters of the spermatozoa changed. The number of Bcl2‐positive cells declined and that of both Bax‐positive cells and Apaf‐1–positive cells increased. The transcription level of Bcl2 increased and that of both Bax and Apaf‐1 declined. The average levels of AIF and Endo G declined in mitochondria and increased in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The sperm DNA fragmentation index increased. The mean percentages of live spermatozoa declined and that of both injured and dead spermatozoa increased; and the sperm penetration rate declined. For the aforementioned parameters, the differences between the test and the control groups were statistically significant.ConclusionHBs exposure can activate the Bax/Bcl2 signaling cascade that triggers AIF/Endo G–mediated apoptosis, resulting in sperm DNA fragmentation, sperm injury, and death, and a decrease in the sperm fertilizing capacity. This new knowledge will help to evaluate the negative impact of HBV on male fertility in HBV‐infected patients.
NLRP3 regulates alveolar bone loss in ligature‐induced periodontitis by promoting osteoclastic differentiation
Authors: Chen Yuyi , Yang Qiudong , Lv Chunhua , Chen Yue , Zhao Wenhua , Li Wenlei , Chen Hongyu , Wang Hua , Sun Wen , Yuan Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesNLRP3 inflammasome is a critical part of the innate immune system and plays an important role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of NLRP3 inflammasome on periodontitis have not been fully studied.Materials and methodsWe used ligature‐induced periodontitis models of NLRP3 knockout mice (NLRP3KO) and their wildtype (WT) littermates to compare their alveolar bone phenotypes. We further used Lysm‐Cre/RosanTnG mouse to trace the changes of Lysm‐Cre+ osteoclast precursors in ligature‐induced periodontitis with or without MCC950 treatment. At last, we explored MCC950 as a potential drug for the treatment of periodontitis in vivo and in vitro.ResultsHere, we showed that the number of osteoclast precursors, osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone loss were reduced in NLRP3KO mice compared with WT littermates, by using ligature‐induced periodontitis model. Next, MCC950, a specific inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, was used to inhibit osteoclast precursors differentiation into osteoclast. Further, we used Lysm‐Cre/RosanTnG mice to demonstrate that MCC950 decreases the number of Lysm‐Cre+ osteoclast precursors in ligature‐induced periodontitis. At last, treatment with MCC950 significantly suppressed alveolar bone loss with reduced IL‐1β activation and osteoclast differentiation in ligature‐induced periodontitis.ConclusionOur findings reveal that NLRP3 regulates alveolar bone loss in ligature‐induced periodontitis by promoting osteoclastic differentiation.
Case study of participatory action research for wildlife conservation
Authors: Milich Krista M. , Sorbello Kayce , Kolinski Lev , Busobozi Richard , Kugonza Moses 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNegative interactions between humans and wildlife create one of the greatest threats to biodiversity conservation. When wild animals damage the crops in agricultural fields, subsistence farmers suffer food insecurity and economic instability. Animals can be killed or injured during these interactions, and communities may develop negative feelings about conservation. To address conservation concerns, projects should look at both sides of these interactions. A Participatory Action Research approach allows researchers and community members to work collaboratively to investigate and take action in response to this issue. Our team developed a community project to determine residents' perceptions of the benefits and costs of living around Kibale National Park, Uganda, and to implement changes to mitigate those costs. During our initial survey in 2015, we found that over 80% of our 114 respondents were subsistence farmers with no other source of income. All respondents felt that crop damage by wild animals was the biggest problem with living near the park, and they had negative feelings about the park and animals. Thus, we worked with project participants to establish the following land‐use changes throughout 2016 and 2017: (a) planting garlic as a cash crop, (b) planting tea as a buffer crop, (c) building beehive fences, and (d) maintaining a trench around the boundary of the park. Through monthly surveys, we assessed the success of these changes on reducing crop damage and improving conservation initiatives. Compliance with land‐use changes was significantly associated with a reduction in the events of crop damage, which has implications for economic stability and an individual's attitude about conservation. This project provides guidelines for using Participatory Action Research methods to develop sustainable interventions to improve human‐wildlife interactions.
Intentional introgression of a blight tolerance transgene to rescue the remnant population of American chestnut
Authors: Newhouse Andrew E. , Powell William A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn contrast to many current applications of biotechnology, the intended consequence of the American Chestnut Research & Restoration Project is to produce trees that are well‐adapted to thrive not just in confined fields or orchards, but throughout their natural range. Our primary focus is on disease tolerance, but we believe it will also be critically important that optimal restoration trees should have robust genetic diversity and resilience, which can be supplied by a full complement of their wild‐type genes. Chestnut restoration offers a unique case study because many restoration or intervention options have been attempted: doing nothing, planting non‐native chestnut species, planting hybrids, mutagenesis (exposing seeds to high levels of radiation to induce random mutations), backcross breeding, and now genetic engineering. Any of these techniques may be advantageous independently or in combinations, depending on the specific goals of land managers or restoration practitioners, but genetic engineering offers a unique opportunity to enhance blight tolerance while minimizing other changes to the genome.
Adverse event profiles of epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yin Xiaonan , Zhao Zhou , Yin Yuan , Shen Chaoyong , Chen Xin , Cai Zhaolun , Wang Jian , Chen Zhixin , Yin Yiqiong , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe efficacy of agents targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in patients with various cancers was well elucidated. However, the safety profile of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) has not been systematically investigated. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the safety profile of EGFR‐TKIs in patients with cancer. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases, ASCO, and ESMO abstracts were conducted. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared safety profile of EGFR‐TKIs with placebo were included. The end points included treatment‐related adverse events (AEs), treatment discontinuation, and toxic death. Twenty‐eight RCTs containing 17,800 patients were included. The analyses showed that the most frequently observed all‐grade AEs in patients treated with EGFR‐TKIs were diarrhea (53.7%), rash (48.6%), mucositis (46.5%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (38.9%), and skin reaction (35.2%). The most common high‐grade (grade ≥3) AEs were mucositis (14.8%), pain (8.2%,), metabolism and nutrition disorders (7.4%), diarrhea (6.2%), dyspnea (6.1%), and hypertension (6.1%). The incidence of serious AEs, treatment discontinuation, and toxic death due to AEs were 18.2%, 12.36%, and 3.0%, respectively. Pooled risk ratio (RR) showed that the use of EGFR‐TKIs was associated with an increased risk of developing AEs. Subgroup analysis indicated that the risk of AEs varied significantly according to tumor type, generation line, and drug type. Our meta‐analysis indicates EGFR‐TKIs was associated with a significant increased risk of a series of unique AEs. Early detection and proper management of AEs are important to reduce morbidity, avoid treatment discontinuation, and improve patient quality of life.
Study Highlights

WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?

The safety profile of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) varied in different trials, and has not been systemically investigated.

WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?
We conducted this meta‐analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) to provide a comprehensive evaluation of adverse event in patients with cancer receiving EGFR‐TKIs.

WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO OUR KNOWLEDGE?
Our meta‐analysis indicates EGFR‐TKIs was associated with a significant increased risk of a series of unique adverse events (AEs).

HOW MIGHT THIS CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE?
The integrated understanding of safety profile of EGFR‐TKIs will help in the future design of new EGFR‐TKIs with a better safety profile.
Effect of meal timing on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tegoprazan in healthy male volunteers
Authors: Yoon Deok Y. , Sunwoo Jung , Shin Naree , Kim Ah R. , Kim Bongtae , Song Geun S. , Jang In‐Jin , Lee SeungHwan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTegoprazan, a novel potassium‐competitive acid blocker, is used to treat acid‐related diseases. However, there is no information on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of the marketed dosage of tegoprazan under various meal timings in a fed and fasted state. The study aimed to assess the effect of meal timing on PKs and PDs of tegoprazan 50 mg after a single administration in healthy male subjects. An open‐label, single‐dose, three‐treatment, three‐period crossover study was conducted. A total of 12 subjects were orally administered a single dose of tegoprazan 50 mg among various conditions: in a fasted state, at 30 min before or 30 min after a high‐fat meal. PK parameters were estimated by the noncompartmental method. Continuous 24‐h intragastric pH monitoring was done for PD analysis. The PKs and PDs of tegoprazan were compared among the various meal timings. Compared with the fasting condition, the PK profile of tegoprazan was similar when administered 30 min before a high‐fat meal; however, delayed absorption with similar systemic exposure was observed when administered 30 min after a high‐fat meal. The magnitude of acid suppression evaluated through the PD parameters increased when administered 30 min after a high‐fat meal compared with fasting the condition and when administered 30 min before a high‐fat meal. However, the increased difference in acid suppression was not clinically significant. Meal timing had no clinically significant effect on the PKs and PDs of tegoprazan 50 mg. Therefore, the marketed dosage of tegoprazan could be administered regardless of the meal timing.
Study Highlights

WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC?

Tegoprazan, a novel potassium‐competitive acid blocker, is used to treat acid‐related diseases.

WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?
This study evaluated the effect of food on pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of tegoprazan under various mealtime conditions.

WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD TO OUR KNOWLEDGE?
This study showed that delayed absorption of tegoprazan was observed at “after meal condition,” however, the amount of systemic exposure of “after meal condition” was similar to “fasting condition” and “before meal condition.” In addition, gastric acid suppression of tegoprazan was similar between fasting condition and before meal condition, whereas increased gastric acid suppression was observed at after meal condition.

HOW MIGHT THIS CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OR TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE?
In the actual clinical environment, patients take medicine under various fed conditions. This study evaluated the effect of food on PKs and PDs of tegoprazan in various clinical conditions, and provided the important information about meal timing when administering tegoprazan.
Breakthrough percepts of online identity: Detecting recognition of email addresses on the fringe of awareness
Authors: Harris Kathryn , Miller Claire , Jose Brendan , Beech Anthony , Woodhams Jessica , Bowman Howard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA key issue facing cybercrime investigations is connecting online identities to real‐world identities. This paper shows that by combining the Fringe‐P3 method with a concealed information test, we can detect a participant's familiarity with their own email address, thus connecting their real‐world identity to their online one. Participants were shown Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) streams of email addresses, some including their own email address (probe) or a target email address. Familiarity with the probe was accurately detected with significant results at the group level and for 7 of 11 participants at the individual level. These promising results demonstrate that the method can be successfully used to detect online identities. Factors that may affect how well an email address probe stands out in the RSVP streams are also discussed.