bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Validation of Kinematic Assessments of Post-Stroke Upper Limb Movements with a Multi-Joint Arm Exoskeleton
Authors: Grimm Florian , Kraugmann Jelena , Naros Georgios , Gharabaghi Alireza 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Robotic and gravity-balancing exoskeletons, originally designed for the rehabilitation training of neurological patients, are now being increasingly applied in objective and fine-grained sensor-based assessments of upper limb function. However, gravity compensation, inertia and damping properties of the exoskeleton interfere with the natural sensorimotor interaction, proprioceptive and visual feedback during movement execution. This may endanger the validity of the kinematic assessments in relation to the clinical outcome measures that they were supposed to reflect. Here, we appliedMethods: In a proof of concept study involving nineteen severely impaired chronic stroke patients, we assessed sensor-based kinematic data acquired with a multi-joint arm exoskeleton and compared it to the clinical outcome measure Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UE-FMA) scale. During this assessment, real-time movement feedback of the system’s seven degrees of freedom was provided with a biomorphic 3D virtual representation of the upper limb, including the proximal component of the arm. To align posture and to minimize the exoskeleton-patient interaction, the same position (neutral zero) with a distance of 90 degrees between forearm and upper arm was taken as the starting position for all assessments. Within self-contained tasks, we assessed separately and subsequently the range of motion/spatial posture of four single joints (i.e., joint angles of wrist, elbow, arm, and shoulder movement) and the closing and opening of the hand with a pressure sensor placed in the handle.Results: A strong correlation was observed between wrist and elbow movements within the kinematic parameters (r > 0.7, p<0.003; Bonferroni corrected). A multiple regression model predicted the UE-FMA significantly (F (5, 13) = 12.22, p < 0.0005, adj. R2 = 0.83). Both shoulder rotation and grip pressure added significantly (p < 0.05) to the prediction with the standardized coefficients β of 0.55 and 0.38, respectively.Conclusions: Exoskeleton-based evaluation of single-joint movements and grip force facilitates the assessment of upper limb kinematics after stroke with high structural and convergent validity. Proximal and distal measures may contribute independently to the prediction of the clinical status.
Identification of a Six-gene Signature Predicting Overall Survival for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Sun Hengzi , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Peng Peng , Yu Mei , Zhang Ying , Yang Jiaxin , Cao Dongyan , Huo Xiao , Shen Keng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased in decades with the development of human papillomavirus vaccines and cancer screening, cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Identify the potential biomarker for treatment and prognosis of cervical cancer is necessary.Methods: Samples with mRNA-seq, copy number variant, single single nucleotide polymorphism data and clinical follow-up information were download from TCGA database, which were randomly divided into training datasets (N=146) and test datasets (N=147). We selected and identified prognostic gene set and genomic mutated gene set and then integrated the two set of data with random survival forest algorithm and constructed a prognostic signature. External validation datasets and immunohistochemical staining were also evaluated.Results: We obtained 1,416 different expression prognostic-related genes, 624 genes with copy number amplification, 1,038 genes with copy number deletion, and 163 significantly mutated gene. A total of 75 candidate genes were obtained after overlap of the different expression genes and genomic variations. Subsequently we obtained six characteristic genes through random survival forest algorithm. The results showed that high expression of SLC19A3, FURIN, SLC22A3, DPAGT1 and low expression of CCL17, DES were associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. We constructed a six-gene signature which can separate cervical cancer samples associated with different overall survival and showed robust performance for predicting survival (Training set: p ˂ 0.001, AUC = 0.82; Testing set: p ˂ 0.01, AUC = 0.59). Conclusions: Our study identified a novel six-gene signature and nomogram to predict overall survival of cervical cancer, which may be beneficial to clinical decision making for individual treatment.
Risk Factors, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Carbapenem Resistance Mechanisms of Elizabethkingia anophelis Clinical Isolates From a University Tertiary Hospital in Southwest China
Authors: Chang Yanbin , Zhang Daiqin , Niu Siqiang , Chen Qian , Lin Qiuxia , Zhang Xiaobing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Elizabethkingia anophelis (E. anophelis) is an important extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogen to which there are limited therapeutic options. E. anophelis is perpetually misidentified as Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (E. meningoseptica) by conventional methods. Consequently, this study reassessed risk factors for infection and mortality, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and carbapenem resistance mechanisms of E. anophelis.Methods: This retrospective case–control study was conducted to reveal the risk factors associated with E. anophelis infection and in-hospital mortality from 2015–2019 in a university tertiary hospital in southwest China using univariable and multivariable logistic-regression analysis. Case patients infected with E. anophelis isolates and controls patients with non-E. anophelis infections were compared at a ratio of 1:3 during the same time period. We employed the broth microdilution method to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 39 E. anophelis strains. PCR amplification, DNA sequencing and gene cloning were used to investigate the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in E. anophelis.Results: We collected 39 non-repetitive E. anophelis isolates over the study period. Multivariate analysis indicated that coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, surgery in the past 6 months, anemia and systemic steroid use were independent risk factors for the acquisition of E. anophelis. Additionally, anemia was the only independent risk factor associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with E. anophelis infections. E. anophelis isolates showed high in-vitro susceptibility towards minocycline (100%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (71.8%), but were resistant to colistin, fosfomycin, ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam/avibactam. Additionally, we show that two metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) BlaB and GOB, are responsible for carbapenem resistance and the serine-β-lactamase, CME, is functionally involved in resistance to cephalosporins and monobactams. Importantly, the various putative efflux pumps in E. anophelis are not responsible for resistance. Conclusion: Our findings will help clinicians identify high-risk patients and suggest that minocycline should be considered as an antibiotic therapeutic option for infections caused by E. anophelis. Additionally, carbapenem resistance in E. anophelis isolates is mainly associated with the MBLs, BlaB and GOB.
Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of the Spine in a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome: a case report
Authors: Zhang Linxiang , Yan Jijie , Bai Guangjian , Hu Yiwei , Jiang Lijun , Guo Kai , Hou Shuming , Huang Xing , Liu Tielong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is an aggressive tumor that rarely occurs in the spine. We present a 38-year-old male patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome and discuss the treatment and prognosis.Case presentation A 38-year-old male patient presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness accompanied by radiation pain. He had been diagnosed with right adrenal cortical carcinoma previously and had a strong family history of cancer. PET/CT indicated increased uptake in many parts of the body, especially the right adrenal gland, the left occipital lobe, and the L4 vertebral body (VB). MRI also revealed the destruction of the L4 vertebral body and a paraspinal soft-tissue mass. The tumor was completely resected and pathological findings revealed UPS. Subsequent genetic testing revealed a mutation in the TP53 gene, which is consistent with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). The patient received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and did not develop local recurrence, metastasis, or secondary cancer during the 31-month follow-up.Conclusions Spinal UPS is a rare aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Surgery alone can improve the survival of patients but cannot effectively control the disease. In spinal UPS patients with LFS, we think that the prognostic benefits of postoperative adjuvant therapy outweigh the risks of long-term secondary cancer. Family history of cancer and genetic testing can help diagnose LFS, and MRI of the spine can aid the early detection of microlesions. For these patients, early diagnosis and intervention can effectively improve survival.
Small incisional surgery for small intestinal diseases is less invasive than laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Kawahara Hidejiro , Omura Nobuo , Akiba Tadashi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The small intestine is not fixed to the retroperitoneum, and lesions in the small intestine can be resected through a very small skin incision, similar to laparoscopic surgery, if it is placed accurately. In 2010, we reported on small incisional surgery (SIS) for small intestinal diseases, in which the skin incision was placed at the umbilicus based on anthropometric analysis. However, the feasibility and usefulness of SIS for resection of small intestinal lesions have not been elucidated. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2018, seven consecutive patients diagnosed with small intestinal tumors preoperatively underwent partial resection of the small intestine with a 4-cm skin incision at the umbilicus at Kashiwa Hospital, Jikei University, were retrospectively registered. After the partial resection of the small intestine extracorporeally, intestinal reconstruction was manually performed by end-to-end anastomosis. Four of the patients had cancer, and three patients had Meckel’s diverticulum with inflammation. Results: The length of the skin incision was 4 cm in all patients. No patient required enlargement of the skin incision. The mean surgical time was 52.0 (43-58) min. The mean blood loss was less than 5.0 ml. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 9.0 (8-10) days. No postoperative complications were encountered. Conclusion: SIS with a 4-cm skin incision at the umbilicus for resection of small intestinal lesions seems feasible and safe, similar to single incision laparoscopic surgery.
Rubber Plantation Retiring with Simulation of Market-Priced Ecosystem Services in Xishuangbanna, China
Authors: Liu Weiguo , Zhang Jiaqi , Yan Yan , Corlett Richard T. , Beckschäfer Philip , Song Liang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Until 50 years ago, Xishuangbanna was a heavy forest-covered region with high biodiversity. Attributed to the rubber boom that took place in the region during the last decades, natural forest area decreased quickly and was replaced by monoculture rubber plantations (Hevea brasiliensis). To slow down the deforestation rate and encourage rubber plantation retiring, a market and government-combined compensatory payment system was developed with consideration of market-priced ecosystem services. Results: In the baseline scenario, the annual retiring rate reduced from 9,353±17.8 ha to 4,669±18.5 ha in the projection period, and the final total retiring area in 2050 was 202.477±0.063 thousand ha. The compensatory payment increased along with the growth of rubber plantations. In the projected period (2021-2050), the total NPV (net present value) of compensatory payment was $3,364.820±1.669 million. The total carbon sequestration benefit resulting from replacement of artificial rainforests was 11.718±0.005 million tC. In sensitivity analyses, more uncertainties of compensatory payment were expected with a higher variation of rubber price. The rise of carbon price, discount rate and traditional medicine price, and the decrease of rubber price and final retiring rate could reduce the total NPV of payment. Conclusions: The market and government-combined payment system has high possibility to effectively encourage rubber retiring and reduce government payment. By the projection of the market and government-combined payment system, most of the small patches of rubber plantation were disappeared in 2050. The annual retiring area decreased gradually along the projection period. The projected compensatory payment and the area-specific payment increased, while the increment of compensatory payment decreased. The carbon sequestration benefit by rubber plantation retiring was negative in the first decade. All the tested factors (i.e., rubber price, rubber price variation, carbon price, final retiring rate, discount rate, and traditional medicine price) could affect the compensatory payment. Currently, the payment system may not so attractive; however, the situation could change when more market-priced ecosystem services are involved in the system.
The Role of Goldack Double Ellipsoidal Parameters in Temperature Distribution for the GTAW Process
Authors: Karpagaraj A , S SURESH KUMAR , Thamizhmanii S , T Arun Nelliappan , N Siva Shanmugam , Sarala S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Numerical simulation is widely used in all the fields of engineering to predict the results. In welding, various finite element tools are used to predict the bead profile, temperature distribution, joint strength, formability and metallurgical changes etc. With respect to the welding process suitable heat source model has to be assigned for numerical simulation. The most suitable heat source for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process is the Goldack double ellipsoidal model. This model has few parameters like the width of the weld (a), depth of penetration (b), front profile ellipse (Cf) and rear ellipse profile (Cr). In this research article, the influence of these parameters and their effect on the temperature distribution is focused. For this purpose, based on the full factorial design welding simulations are performed with COMSOL. Later, the grey relational technique was used to find the contribution of these parameters. It was concluded from the full factorial method that; temperature variation is depended on the GTAW welding heat source parameters. At 95% confidence level, the width of the weld showed a major role in controlling the temperature. Moreover, the optimum combination of process variables obtained end with minimum temperature rise at a width of 0.7 mm, depth of 5.7 mm and frontal factor of 4.
Irrigation, drinking water quality, and child nutritional status in northern Ethiopia
Authors: Usman Muhammed A. , Gerber Nicolas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between household drinking water quality and irrigation and child nutrition using primary household survey data and microbiological water sample testings in two rural districts of Ethiopia. Anthropometric measures such as height-for-age z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ), and weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) were used to measure stunting, underweight, and wasting, respectively. Our survey results show that 41% of the children are stunted, 26% underweight, and 8% wasted. More than 58% of household's stored drinking water samples were also contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. The multivariate regression results suggest that irrigation farming and on-premises water sources are significantly associated with lower HAZ, while uncontaminated household stored drinking water quality is correlated with higher WAZ. The results also reveal that dietary diversity score and the number of antenatal care visits by the primary caretaker are statistically significant predictors of child nutritional status. These findings, however, cast doubt on the hypothesis that irrigated agriculture exclusively has a positive effect on child nutrition outcomes.
Photocatalytic degradation efficiency of hazardous macrolide compounds using an external UV-light irradiation slurry reactor
Authors: Ounnar Amel , Bouzaza Abdelkrim , Favier Lidia , Bentahar Fatiha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The current work investigates the removal of two hazardous macrolide molecules, spiramycin and tylosin, by photodegradation under external UV-light irradiation conditions in a slurry photoreactor using titanium dioxide as a catalyst. The kinetics of degradation and effects of main process parameters such as catalyst dosage, initial macrolide concentration, light intensity and stirring rate on the degradation rate of pollutants have been examined in detail in order to obtain the optimum operational conditions. It was found that the process followed a pseudo first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. The optimum conditions for the degradation of spiramycin and tylosin were low compound concentration, 1 g L−1 of catalyst dosage, 100 W m−2 light intensity and 560 rpm stirring rate. Then, a maximum removal (more than 90%) was obtained after 300 min of irradiation time. Furthermore, results show that the selection of optimized operational parameters leads to satisfactory total organic carbon removal rate (up to 51%) and biochemical oxygen demand to chemical oxygen demand ratio (∼1) confirming the good potential of this technique to remove complex macrolides from aqueous solutions.
The Discourse on the Praxis and Pragmatics of the Qur’an Retranslations in Turkish
Authors: Üstün Külünk Sema 
Published: August 2020

Retranslations of the Qur’an constitute an intriguing site of research with particular premises governing their production, dissemination and/or reception in Turkey. Its inherently religion-oriented context is accompanied by discussions on the sacred status of the source text, arguments on its untranslatability, translatorial human agency vis-à-vis the Holy creator, acknowledged Arabicity of the source text, etc. In this regard, each new translation of the Qur’an in Turkish is released with a motivation to justify its necessity amid abundant retranslations available in the target repertoire. Various approaches towards the conceptualization and instrumentalization of these Qur’anic translations create a meta-narrative on its own right. This study aims at exploring this particular discourse on the retranslations of the Qur’an with a bi-faceted study design composed of quantitative and qualitative analyses. The quantitative analysis focuses on the numeric changes of Qur’anic retranslations in respective decades, whereas the qualitative analysis concentrates on the statements of the translatorial agents on the motives behind their translational production. By shedding light on the discursive narrative postulated upon these retranslations, it is claimed that social, political, cultural and financial concerns have prevailingly governed the reproductions of this canonical work in Turkey.
Keywords: Qur’an translation, religious-text translation, retranslation, discourse analysis.
Geographic and Racial/Ethnic Variation in Glycemic Control and Treatment in a National Sample of Veterans With Diabetes
Authors: Hunt Kelly J. , Davis Melanie , Pearce John , Bian John , Guagliardo Mark F. , Moy Ernest , Axon R. Neal , Neelon Brian 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVEGeographic and racial/ethnic disparities related to diabetes control and treatment have not previously been examined at the national level.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA retrospective cohort study was conducted in a national cohort of 1,140,634 veterans with diabetes, defined as two or more diabetes ICD-9 codes (250.xx) across inpatient and outpatient records. Main exposures of interest included 125 Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) catchment areas as well as racial/ethnic group. The main outcome measure was HbA1c level dichotomized at ≥8.0% (≥64 mmol/mol).RESULTSAfter adjustment for age, sex, racial/ethnic group, service-connected disability, marital status, and the van Walraven Elixhauser comorbidity score, the prevalence of uncontrolled diabetes varied by VAMC catchment area, with values ranging from 19.1% to 29.2%. Moreover, these differences largely persisted after further adjusting for medication use and adherence as well as utilization and access metrics. Racial/ethnic differences in diabetes control were also noted. In our final models, compared with non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks (odds ratio 1.11 [95% credible interval 1.09–1.14]) and Hispanics (1.36 [1.09–1.14]) had a higher odds of uncontrolled HBA1c level.CONCLUSIONSIn a national cohort of veterans with diabetes, we found geographic as well as racial/ethnic differences in diabetes control rates that were not explained by adjustment for demographics, comorbidity burden, use or type of diabetes medication, health care utilization, access metrics, or medication adherence. Moreover, disparities in suboptimal control appeared consistent across most, but not all, VAMC catchment areas, with non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic veterans having a higher odds of suboptimal diabetes control than non-Hispanic White veterans.
Korelasi Input Siswa Tahun Pertama Jurusan Teknik Listrik SMK Dengan Capaian KKM Tahun Pertama
Authors: Sahuri Yunisha , Habibullah Habibullah , Dewi Citra 
Published: August 2020

Input siswa menentukan kelansungan siswa di tingkat selanjutnya yaitu SMA/SMK , dan di Sekolah menengah kejuruan tidak hanya mempelajari pelajaran khusus jurusan tertentu saja tapi juga mempelajari pelajaran umum yang menujang pelajaran siswa pada pelajaran kejuruan seperti pelajaran Matematika dan IPA terkhusus jurusan teknik instalasi tenaga listrik sangat penting untuk mempelajari pelajaran tersebut dan pemahaman pealajaran Matematika dan IPA tersebut bisa dilihat dari nilai UN SMP/MTs siswa sebagai input siswa dan untuk kelasungan pemahaman siswa di tingkat SMK dilihat dari capaian KKM siswa tahun pertama SMK. Maka di kaji hubungan input siswa yaitu nilai UN SMP/MTs pada mata pelajaran Matematika dan IPA dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK pada mata pelajaran DLE dan Fisika. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK N 1 Padang dan penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan input siswa dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK. Metode yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriftif dengan pengumpulan data dan hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan input siswa dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK dari pengelompokan data nilai yang di ambil pada 1 kelas X jurusan TITL sebanyak 30 siswa dan di perkuat dengan hasil wawancara terhadap siswa SMK.