bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sumatriptan Does Not Antagonize CGRP‐Induced Symptoms in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Falkenberg Katrine , Rønde Bjerg Helene , Yamani Nooshin , Olesen Jes 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivePrevious attempts to develop a pragmatic human model for testing new anti‐migraine drugs, have failed. Calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) induces a mild headache in healthy volunteers and migraine‐like headache in migraine patients. The induced headache must respond to already established migraine treatment for validation. Thus, the objective of the study was to test the effect of sumatriptan against CGRP‐induced symptoms in an attempt to validate CGRP‐induced headache as a model for drug testing.MethodsThirty healthy volunteers were recruited to receive a 2‐hour infusion of CGRP on 2 separate days. The participants were pretreated with sumatriptan 1 day and with placebo the other day in a randomized double‐blind cross‐over fashion. During the infusion, a questionnaire about headache and side effects was administered. Electrocardiography, heart rate, blood pressure, dermal blood flow, and diameter of peripheral arteries were monitored during the infusion. Participants were carefully instructed to fill out a headache questionnaire at home until 12 hours after the infusion start. Primary endpoints are difference between the sumatriptan day and the placebo day in area under the headache score curve (AUC) 0‐2 hours after infusion start and in headache intensity 2 hours after infusion start. The study was conducted at the Danish Headache Center in Glostrup, Denmark.ResultsCGRP‐induced headache in 86% (25/29) of the participants on the sumatriptan day and in 96% (28/29) of the participants on the placebo day. There was no difference in AUCheadache, 0‐2 hours between the days (P = .794). There was a statistically significant decrease in mean atrial pressure (MAP) over time on both days with a16.2% reduction on the sumatriptan day and a 14.8% reduction on the placebo day (P < .001) and a statistically significant increase in heart rate (HR) over time on both days (from mean 57.5 at baseline to mean 105.4 at 120 minutes on the sumatriptan day and from mean 60.2 at baseline to 105.8 at 120 minutes on the placebo day, P < .001). The diameter of peripheral arteries increased statistically significant on both days (P < .001).ConclusionSumatriptan does not influence headache score, accompanying symptoms or other symptoms induced by CGRP. Furthermore, a 2‐hour CGRP infusion causes a wide range of side effects and does not induce more headache than the usual 20‐minute infusion. Thus, the prolonged infusion of CGRP in healthy volunteers is not a valid and pragmatic model for testing new anti‐migraine drugs.
Clinical outcome comparison of Grade Group 1 and Grade Group 2 prostate cancer with and without cribriform architecture at the time of radical prostatectomy
Authors: Hollemans Eva , Verhoef Esther I , Bangma Chris H , Rietbergen John , Roobol Monique J , Helleman Jozien , van Leenders Geert J L H 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsInvasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma are associated with aggressive disease in Grade Group 2 (GG2) prostate cancer patients. However, the characteristics and clinical outcome of patients with GG2 prostate cancer without cribriform architecture (GG2−) as compared with those with Grade Group 1 (GG1) prostate cancer are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of GG1 and GG2− prostate cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens.Methods and resultsWe reviewed 835 radical prostatectomy specimens for Grade Group, pT stage, surgical margin status, and the presence of cribriform architecture. Biochemical recurrence‐free survival and metastasis were used as clinical outcomes. GG1 prostate cancer was seen in 207 patients, and GG2 prostate cancer was seen in 420 patients, of whom 228 (54%) showed cribriform architecture (GG2+) and 192 (46%) did not. GG2− patients had higher prostate‐specific antigen levels (9.4 ng/ml versus 7.0 ng/ml; P < 0.001), more often had extraprostatic extension (36% versus 11%; P < 0.001) and had more positive surgical margins (27% versus 17%; P = 0.01) than GG1 patients. GG2− patients had shorter biochemical recurrence‐free survival (hazard ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4–4.9; P = 0.002) than GG1 patients. Lymph node and distant metastasis were observed neither in GG2− nor in GG1 patients, but occurred in 22 of 228 (10%) GG2+ patients.ConclusionIn conclusion, patients with GG2− prostate cancer at radical prostatectomy have more advanced disease and shorter biochemical recurrence‐free survival than those with GG1 prostate cancer, but both groups have a very low risk of developing metastasis.
The Experience of Electronic Monitoring and the Implications for Effective Use
Authors: FITZALAN HOWARD FLORA 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how electronic monitoring (EM) is experienced may helpfully inform implementation to support effective compliance, crime prevention and rehabilitation. This study thematically synthesised the findings of six publications (based on five empirical studies) on EM experience. Eleven themes describing EM experience were developed, and from these, six implications for the effective implementation identified. EM has rehabilitative potential for many (but not all), such as by offering the chance to develop social capital and employment prospects, autonomy and self‐sufficiency. It appears unlikely that EM on its own is enough to bring about compliance beyond the period of monitoring, or achieve rehabilitation and desistance goals.
Who benefits from the intervention? Correlates of successful BMI reduction in the Texas Childhood Obesity Demonstration Project (TX‐CORD)
Authors: Barlow Sarah E. , Durand Casey , Salahuddin Meliha , Pont Stephen J. , Butte Nancy F. , Hoelscher Deanna M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany childhood obesity intervention studies report mean outcomes but do not explore the variation in responses and the characteristics of those who respond well.ObjectiveTo identify child and family characteristics associated with improvement in the primary outcome, %BMIp95, of the Texas Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration project (TX‐CORD).MethodsThe 12‐month TX‐CORD secondary prevention study randomized 549 children, ages 2 to 12 years, with BMI ≥85th percentile to the intensive intervention vs. the comparison program, with measurements at baseline, 3‐, and 12‐months. A growth mixture model was used to identify mutually exclusive latent %BMIp95 trajectories. Latent class regression tested associations between baseline characteristics and latent class membership.ResultsA 2‐class solution emerged after accounting for the effect of intervention randomization. Latent Class 1 participants (86% of sample) were characterized by mild‐to‐moderate obesity and demonstrated a significantly greater response to the intensive intervention between 0 and 3 months (slope‐on‐group = −0.931, p = 0.03). A rebound between 3 and 12 months was not significantly different between arms. Latent Class 2 participants (14%), who had severe obesity, demonstrated no difference in response between intervention groups. Characteristics associated with Class 1 membership included younger age (2–5 years vs. 6–12 years: OR 3.70, p = .035) and lower maternal BMI category (< 35 kg/m2 vs. ≥ 35 kg/m2: OR 7.14, p < .0001).ConclusionsThe optimal target population for the intensive intervention are children who have milder obesity, are younger, and do not have a mother with severe obesity. Children with severe obesity may require different approaches.
Oncological outcomes and recurrence patterns after laparoscopic radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: A Japanese multicenter cohort
Authors: Kanno Toru , Inoue Takahiro , Ito Katsuhiro , Okumura Kazuhiro , Yamada Hitoshi , Kawakita Mutsushi , Fujii Masato , Shimizu Yosuke , Yatsuda Junji , Moroi Seiji , Shichiri Yasumasa , Akao Toshiya , Sawada Atsuro , Kobayashi Takashi , Ogawa Osamu 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate oncological outcomes and recurrence patterns after laparoscopic radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in a Japanese multicenter cohort, and to explore the risk factors associated with recurrences due to tumor dissemination.MethodLaparoscopic radical cystectomies carried out at 10 institutions were included in this retrospective study. Multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the clinical parameters associated with overall recurrences together with specific recurrence types. Kaplan–Meier curves were created to elucidate time to recurrence and survival.ResultsA total of 411 patients were included after the final analysis. Postoperative pathology was T2 or higher in 196 patients (48%), and lymph node metastasis was present in 46 patients (11%). The median follow‐up period was 23 months, and the 2‐year recurrence‐free and cancer‐specific survival rates were 71.0% and 84.7%, respectively. The recurrence sites involved distant metastasis in 75 patients (18%), local recurrence in 52 patients (13%) and urinary tract recurrence in eight patients (2%). When local recurrence at the cystectomy bed (28 patients; 7%) and abdominal recurrence including peritoneal carcinomatosis or port site recurrence (17 patients; 4%), which might be caused by tumor dissemination, were combined into a single group, prolonged surgical time was a significant risk factor, in addition to high pathological stage (T3–4 and/or positive lymph nodes), positive surgical margins, and variant histology by both univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsOur study findings suggest that recurrences after laparoscopic radical cystectomy might be caused by tumor dissemination, and attention should be paid to avoid prolonged surgical time in laparoscopic radical cystectomy.
Alternating patterns of seasonal influenza activity in the WHO European Region following the 2009 pandemic, 2010‐2018
Authors: Mook Piers , Meerhoff Tamara , Olsen Sonja J. , Snacken René , Adlhoch Cornelia , Pereyaslov Dmitriy , Broberg Eeva K. , Melidou Angeliki , Brown Caroline , Penttinen Pasi ,   Collective of the WHO European Region, European Influenza Surveillance Network
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza virus infections are common and lead to substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. We characterized the first eight influenza epidemics since the 2009 influenza pandemic by describing the distribution of viruses and epidemics temporally and geographically across the WHO European Region.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed laboratory‐confirmed influenza detections in ambulatory patients from sentinel sites. Data were aggregated by reporting entity and season (weeks 40‐20) for 2010‐2011 to 2017‐2018. We explored geographical spread using correlation coefficients.ResultsThere was variation in the regional influenza epidemics during the study period. Influenza A virus subtypes alternated in dominance, except for 2013‐2014 during which both cocirculated, and only one season (2017‐2018) was B virus dominant. The median start week for epidemics in the Region was week 50, the time to the peak ranged between four and 13 weeks, and the duration of the epidemic ranged between 19 and 25 weeks. There was evidence of a west‐to‐east spread across the Region during epidemics in 2010‐2011 (r = .365; P = .019), 2012‐2013 (r = .484; P = .001), 2014‐2015 (r = .423; P = .006), and 2017‐2018 (r = .566; P < .001) seasons. Variation in virus distribution and timing existed within reporting entities across seasons and across reporting entities for a given season.ConclusionsAggregated influenza detection data from sentinel surveillance sites by season between 2010 and 2018 have been presented for the European Region for the first time. Substantial diversity exists between influenza epidemics. These data can inform prevention and control efforts at national, sub‐national, and international levels. Aggregated, regional surveillance data from early affected reporting entities may provide an early warning function and be helpful for early season forecasting efforts.
Independent director reputation incentives, accruals quality and audit fees
Authors: Bryan David B. , Mason Terry W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile prior research provides abundant evidence that independent directors are associated with favorable outcomes, researchers have only recently started to investigate the impact of independent director reputation incentives. This study examines whether the reputation incentives of independent directors are associated with accruals quality and audit fees. The results reveal a negative relationship between the proportion of independent directors with relatively low reputation incentives and accruals quality. Further, the proportion of independent directors with relatively low reputation incentives is positively associated with audit fees, suggesting that auditors view lower reputation incentives as increasing risk. We also find that Big 4/5 auditor office size moderates the relationship between independent director reputation incentives and audit fees. Specifically, our results indicate that audit fees increase less in response to lower reputation incentives as office size increases, suggesting that larger offices respond to the risks associated with lower reputation incentives more efficiently than smaller offices.
Male mate choice for a female ornament in a monogamous cichlid fish, Mikrogeophagus ramirezi
Authors: LaPlante Lori H. , Delaney Samantha 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMale ram cichlid, Mikrogeophagus ramirezi, spent significantly more time associating with animated female images compared to static images of the same female, indicating that males of the species reliably respond to computer‐animated images of conspecific females. Female M. ramirezi temporarily display a pink‐coloured belly, and this study showed that males spent significantly more time associating with animated female images displaying a pink‐coloured belly compared to animated female images with pink belly colour removed. This is the first study to report male mate choice in M. ramirezi, a neotropical monogamous dwarf cichlid.
Barbus xanthos, a new barbel from the Southern Aegean basin (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
Authors: Güçlü Salim Serkan , Kalaycı Gökhan , Küçük Fahrettin , Turan Davut 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBarbus xanthos, a new species, is described from the Eşen, Dalaman, Tersakan and Büyük Menderes rivers in south‐western Anatolia. It differs from other Barbus species in the adjacent basins by having 53–60 lateral line scales, a weakly ossified last unbranched dorsal‐fin ray (about 33–50%), numerous small irregular‐shaped black or dark‐brown spots smaller than scales, often forming large, black or dark‐brown blotches on back and flank in juveniles and adults, and a straight or slightly convex posterior dorsal‐fin margin. B. xanthos differs from its most closely related congener, B. pergamonensis, by nine nucleotide substitution sites in the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I barcode region.
Assessment of HLA‐A, HLA‐DR, and HLA‐DQ alleles in patients with pemphigus vulgaris from eastern of Turkey
Authors: Dere Gokturk , Yavuz Ibrahım Halil , Ozaydın Yavuz Goknur , Bayram Yasemin , Gunes Bilgili Serap , Ozturk Murat 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic progressive autoimmune bullous disease caused by the interaction of pathogenic factors, genetic, and environmental factors. HLA alleles, which are considered as protective factors against disease or predisposing factors, may be different in various populations and ethnic groups.AimsThe purpose of this study is to examine the HLA‐A, HLA‐DR, and HLA‐DQ alleles in patients that are diagnosed with PV in and around eastern of Turkey and to determine the alleles that create predisposition to disease or protect against the disease.Patients/MethodsThirty patients diagnosed as PV with clinical, histopathological, and immunofluorescence findings and 30 healthy subjects were included in this study. The HLA‐A, HLA‐DR, and HLA‐DQ typology in the DNA samples that were obtained from the blood samples of the groups was performed by using the PCR‐SSP low‐resolution gene panels.ResultsThe HLA‐A*03 allele was found to be significantly higher in patient group than the control group (P‐value: .020). HLA‐DRB1*04 and HLA‐DRB1*14 alleles in PV patients were found to be significantly higher than the control group (P‐value = .000).ConclusionIt was concluded that the HLA‐DRB1*03, HLADQB1*02, and HLA‐DQB1*06 alleles in and around eastern of Turkey showed protective effects against pemphigus vulgaris. It was also concluded that the HLA‐A*03, HLA‐DRB1*04, HLA‐DRB1*14, HLA‐DRB4, HLA‐DQB1*03, and HLA‐DQB1*05 alleles could cause predisposition to the disease.
Factors associated with quality of life in patients with diabetic hypoglycaemia
Authors: Huang Mei‐Chuan , Hung Chich‐Hsiu , Chen Chung‐Yuan , Hung Wei‐Wen , Liang Hsiu‐Ling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo identify determinants of quality of life among patients who had experienced hypoglycaemia and who were undergoing insulin treatment.BackgroundPatients with diabetes receiving insulin treatment are at high risk for hypoglycaemia, which tends to affect their quality of life.DesignWith a cross‐sectional and observational study design (see the STROBE checklist and Appendix S1).MethodsOne hundred and fifty patients with type 2 diabetes who had received insulin treatment and had experienced hypoglycaemia (<70 mg/dl) in the last 6 months were recruited. Data were collected from May 2016–February 2018 using the Knowledge of Hypoglycaemia Scale, Fear of Hypoglycaemia Scale, Social Support Scale and the simplified Taiwanese version of the Quality of Life Scale developed by the World Health Organization.ResultsFactors found to be associated with quality of life in patients with hypoglycaemia included having an educational level of senior high school or above, being on an insulin regimen only, engaging in regular exercise, diabetes complications, fear of hypoglycaemia and greater social support, which accounted for 28.5% of the total variance.ConclusionsDuring the process of glycaemic control, patients inevitably experience hypoglycaemic episodes. Therefore, healthcare providers should assist patients with disease management to improve their quality of life. Future studies should also recruit patients who claim to have experienced hypoglycaemic symptoms, rather than considering only those with blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dl, to expand the generalisability of the findings. Future studies may also focus on the management of hypoglycaemia in patients on an insulin regimen, and on examining the effect of health education programmes on prevention of hypoglycaemia.Relevance to clinical practiceThe present findings could provide a reference for healthcare providers to consolidate nursing care guidelines and to improve such patients' quality of life.
Impact of self‐care programmes in type 2 diabetes mellitus population in primary health care: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Caro‐Bautista Jorge , Kaknani‐Uttumchandani Shakira , García‐Mayor Silvia , Villa‐Estrada Francisca , Morilla‐Herrera Juan Carlos , León‐Campos Álvaro , Gómez‐González Alberto José , Morales‐Asencio José Miguel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of self‐care programmes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population in primary health care.BackgroundThe impact of educational interventions on T2DM has been evaluated in various contexts, but there is uncertainty about their impact in that of primary care.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, WOS and Cochrane databases for randomised controlled trials carried out in the period January 2005‐December 2017, including studies with at least one face‐to‐face educational interventions. The quality of the evidence for the primary outcome was evaluated using the GRADE System. A meta‐analysis was used to determine the effect achieved although only the results classified as critical or important were taken into consideration. Checklist of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses has been followed. PROSPERO registration Number: CRD42016038833.ResultsIn total, 21 papers (20 studies) were analysed, representing a population of 12,018 persons with T2DM. For the primary outcome, HbA1c, the overall reduction obtained was −0.29%, decreasing the effect in long‐term follow‐up. The quality of the evidence was low/very low due to very serious risk of bias, inconsistency and indirectness of results. Better results were obtained for individual randomised trials versus cluster designs and in those programmes in which nurses leaded the interventions. The findings for other cardiovascular risk factors were inconsistent.ConclusionsEducational interventions in primary care addressing T2DM could be effective for metabolic control, but the low quality of the evidence and the lack of measurement of critical results generates uncertainty and highlights the need for high‐quality trials.Relevance to clinical practiceMost of self‐care programmes for T2DM in primary care are focused on metabolic control, while other cardiovascular profile variables with greater impact on mortality or patient‐reported outcomes are less intensely addressed.
Assisted reproductive technologies are slightly associated with maternal lack of affection toward the newborn: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Yoshimasu Kouichi , Miyauchi Naoko , Sato Akiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Nakai Kunihiko , Hattori Hiromitsu , Arima Takahiro ,   Japan Environment and Children's Study Group
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the association between use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and mother‐to‐infant bonding.MethodsUsing nationwide birth cohort study with periodical follow‐ups for mothers and children during pregnancy and at 1 year after delivery, mothers were classified following three groups; infertility group with ART: 2792 mothers; infertility group with non‐ART treatment (ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination): 3835 mothers and unaided pregnancy group: 78 726 mothers. Data on maternal and child health as well as basic characteristics were collected via medical records and self‐administered questionnaires. The Japanese version of Mother‐to‐Infant Bonding Scale was used to evaluate maternal bonding style. To evaluate the association between ART and maternal bonding toward babies, multivariate analysis was used with adjustment for potential confounders such as babies' sex, socio‐economic status and history of maternal mental disorders.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that ART was slightly but significantly associated with an increased risk of maternal lack of affection toward their newborn (adjusted odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.20), while non‐ART was significantly associated with both maternal lack of affection and anger/rejection toward the newborn. No substantial association was observed between ART and overall Mother‐to‐Infant Bonding Scale score (adjusted odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.94–1.12). Very slight negative correlations were observed between poor mother‐to‐infant bonding and good infant mental and physical development at both 6 months and 1 year.ConclusionART may exert a negative influence on maternal emotion after delivery, but this does not have strong correlation with child development evaluated by mothers.