bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrupted default mode network dynamics in recuperative patients of herpes zoster pain
Authors: Wu Ying , Wang Chao , Qian Wei , Yu Lina , Xing Xiufang , Wang Lieju , Sun Na , Zhang Minming , Yan Min 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionPrevious studies of herpes zoster (HZ) have focused on acute patient manifestations and the most common sequela, postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), both serving to disrupt brain dynamics. Although the majority of such patients gradually recover, without lingering severe pain, little is known about life situations of those who recuperate or the brain dynamics. Our goal was to determine whether default mode network (DMN) dynamics of the recuperative population normalize to the level of healthy individuals.MethodsFor this purpose, we conducted resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in 30 patients recuperating from HZ (RHZ group) and 30 healthy controls (HC group). Independent component analysis (ICA) was initially undertaken in both groups to extract DMN components. DMN spatial maps and within‐DMN functional connectivity were then compared by group and then correlated with clinical variables.ResultsRelative to controls, DMN spatial maps of recuperating patients showed higher connectivity in middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right/left medial temporal regions of cortex (RMTC/LMTC), right parietal lobe, and parahippocampal gyrus. The RHZ (vs HC) group also demonstrated significant augmentation of within‐DMN connectivity, including that of LMTC‐MFG and LMTC‐posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Furthermore, the intensity of LMTC‐MFG connectivity correlated significantly with scoring of pain‐induced emotions and life quality.ConclusionFindings of this preliminary study indicate that a disrupted dissociative pattern of DMN persists in patients recuperating from HZ, relative to healthy controls. We have thus provisionally established the brain mechanisms accounting for major outcomes of HZ, offering heuristic cues for future research on HZ transition states.
Dental trauma simulation training using a novel 3D printed tooth model
Authors: Zafar Sobia , Renner Michael Paul , Zachar Jessica Joanna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground/AimOpportunities for dental students to obtain experience in the management of traumatic dental injuries are limited, and most encounter their first trauma patient after graduation. Recognizing this need, the aim of this study was to investigate dental students' experiences of a workshop using a 3D printed tooth. The hypothesis was that the simulation experience with the aid of a 3D printed tooth would enhance their learning experience.Material and methodsA total of 73 students completed a questionnaire after completing dental trauma simulation training. With the aid of a 3D printed avulsed tooth, students constructed a nylon fishing line/GC Fuji Ortho LC splint and a wire/composite splint. Descriptive data analysis was performed to determine the perceptions of the experience gained through the simulation training.ResultsOver a third of the participants (38%) agreed that the dental trauma simulation training felt realistic. Additionally, 59% agreed and 22% strongly agreed that they felt engaged in the learning activity. Furthermore, 81% agreed/strongly agreed that they felt more prepared to treat patients who present with a traumatic dental injury in the future, and 93% agreed/strongly agreed that it added value to their training when compared to relying solely on didactic training. After the use of splinting materials, 38% of participants disagreed/strongly disagreed that nylon fishing line/GC Fuji Ortho Splint was easier to place than wire/composite splint. However, 52% of participants found that it was easier to remove the GC Fuji Ortho Splint. Overall, 93% of participants agreed/strongly agreed that dental trauma simulation training should be a mandatory component of the dental curriculum.ConclusionThe use of dental trauma simulation training offers an additional means of learning about dental traumatology. Simulation has the potential to be used as an adjunct tool in the learning and management of dental traumatology as it has demonstrated increased student engagement, but limitations still remain.
Adolescents' and Parents' Perspectives: A Gaming Disorder Intervention in Singapore
Authors: Sim Timothy , Choo Hyekyung , Low‐Lim Anita , Lau Jocelyn 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand useful components and mechanisms in treating adolescent gaming disorder.BackgroundAlthough video gaming has become a pervasive part of adolescents' daily life that can lead to educational, physical, psychological, and social problems, there is ongoing debate as to whether this is an addiction, and there is little evidence about treatment effectiveness.MethodThis process research used a case study design and conducted individual semistructured interviews with 10 male adolescents and 11 parents after they had completed a treatment program.ResultsFour treatment components (individual counseling, family counseling, group mentoring and social support, and alternative activities) were generally found to be useful. Counselors were able to engage the adolescents and serve as role models in gaming through creative use of technology.ConclusionPractitioners working with adolescents with gaming disorder should attend to their developmental needs pertaining to gaming, health, psychosocial, and educational aspects relevant to the Asian context.ImplicationsPractitioners should go beyond counseling rooms and adopt different strategies to reach out and work with adolescents who are struggling with excessive gaming in different therapeutic settings via engaging and working with them in individual, family, and group contexts using technology, particularly video games.
Fate of proteic and lipidic compounds during production of a traditional legume condiment (Soumbala) made from African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa) seeds
Authors: Esse Michel Yavo , Guehi Tagro Simplice , Grabulos Joël , Morel Gilles , Malomar Robert Thierry , Tardan Eric , Mestres Christian , Achir Nawel 
Published: July 2020

SummarySoumbala is made from African locust bean seeds (Parkia biglobosa), a legume widely spread in west Africa. It is a lipid and protein‐rich condiment obtained by three main steps: cooking, fermentation and drying. Ten different analysis were made on AFLBS samples at each step with a particular focus on protein and lipid fates. Results showed that cooking decreased markedly the carbohydrate content leaving mainly proteins and lipids as substrates for fermentation. During this step, 20% of the proteins were converted into free amino acids, mainly glutamic acid and tyrosine. Significant biogenic amines release occurred and reached 50 mg per 100 g of dried ALBS. Di‐glycerides and fatty acids increased markedly and represented 11% and 7% of the total lipids of dried ALBS. These results give a complete view of the nutritional characteristics of dried ALBS, its benefit but also its defects that arise during fermentation and not suppressed by the subsequent processing steps.
Potentially inappropriate medications in elderly patients with heart failure: Beers Criteria-based study
Authors: Zahwe Mariam , Skouri Hadi , Rachidi Samar , Khoury Maurice , Noureddine Samar , Isma’eel Hussain , Tamim Hani , Al-Hajje Amal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesPrimary objectives were to evaluate the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in elderly heart failure (HF) patients and the factors associated with the number of PIMs. Secondary objectives were to test for the correlation between PIMs and quality of life (QOL) and depression.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 125 elderly Lebanese HF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;50%. Data on socio-demographics, clinical data and medications were collected. Patients were interviewed with Minnesota living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Medication profile per patient was evaluated for PIMs using Beers Criteria. The correlations between the number of PIMs and the MLHFQ, PHQ-9 and the number of medications were tested using Pearson’s correlation. Linear regression was done to predict the factors associated with the number of PIMs.Key findingsPatients were taking a total of 1035 medications with a mean of 8.28 ± 3.14 medications. In total, 80.0% of patients were taking at least one PIM. Diuretics (55.2%) and proton pump inhibitors (41.6%) were most commonly prescribed PIMs. The number of PIMs was moderately correlated with the number of medications and the MLHFQ score. Linear regression showed that the number of medications, age ≥85 years, chronic kidney disease and HF with New York Heart Association III were associated with more PIMs.ConclusionsA high percentage of PIMs was found among a sample of elderly Lebanese HF patients. HF multidisciplinary team is needed to control the prescription of PIMs in this vulnerable population.
AKR1C2 acts as a targetable oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhan‐Fei , Huang Tie‐Jun , Zhang Xin‐Ke , Xie Yu‐Jie , Lin Si‐Ting , Luo Fei‐Fei , Meng Dong‐Fang , Hu Hao , Wang Jing , Peng Li‐Xia , Qian Chao‐Nan , Cheng Chao , Huang Bi‐Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aldo‐keto reductases family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) has critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of malignant tumours. However, it was also discovered to have ambiguous functions in multiple cancers and till present, its clinical significance and molecular mechanism in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of AKR1C2 in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. Here, we showed that AKR1C2 expression was found to be up‐regulated in ESCC tissues and was significantly associated with pathological stage, lymph node metastasis and worse outcomes. Functional assays demonstrated that an ectopic expression of AKR1C2 in ESCC cells resulted in increased proliferation, migration and cisplatin resistance, while knockdown led to inversing effects. Bioinformation analyses and mechanistic studies demonstrated that AKR1C2 activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, furthermore, the inhibitor of PI3K or the selective inhibitor of AKR1C2 enzyme activity could reverse the aggressiveness and showed synergistic antitumour effect when combined with cisplatin, both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, Our findings revealed that AKR1C2 could function as an oncogene by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, as a novel prognostic biomarker and/or as a potential therapeutic target to ESCC.
Glucose promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions in bladder cancer by regulating the functions of YAP1 and TAZ
Authors: Li Shi , Zhu Hua , Chen Hongde , Xia Jianling , Zhang Fangyi , Xu Ruoting , Lin Qi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlucose levels and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are both associated with tumorigenesis and epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions (EMTs). EMTs facilitate bladder cancer (BC) metastasis development, but the mechanism by which high‐glucose levels promote these EMTs in BC remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the mechanism underlying EMT promotion due to increased glucose levels. T24 and UMUC‐3 cells were cultured in media containing different glucose concentrations. YAP1, TAZ, GLUT1 and EMT‐associated marker expression was analysed via Western blotting and qPCR. BC cell proliferation and invasion were assessed using MTT and Transwell assays, respectively. A xenograft nude mouse model of diabetes was used to evaluate tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. T2D was positively associated with pathologic grade (P = .016) and TNM stage (P < .001) in BC. High glucose triggered BC cell proliferation and invasion in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. High‐glucose levels also promoted EMTs in BC cells and increased YAP1 and TAZ expression. YAP1 or TAZ knockdown altered EMT marker expression and decreased GLUT1 expression. Overall, our results suggest that high‐glucose levels promote EMTs in BC cells via YAP1 and TAZ regulation. These effector molecules may be promising therapeutic targets for BC cases comorbid with T2D.
Short‐term comparison of two non‐surgical treatment modalities of peri‐implantitis: Clinical and microbiological outcomes in a two‐factorial randomized controlled trial
Authors: Merli Mauro , Bernardelli Francesco , Giulianelli Erica , Carinci Francesco , Mariotti Giorgia , Merli Marco , Pini‐Prato Giovanpaolo , Nieri Michele 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the efficacy of two different therapies (amino acid glycine abrasive powder and a desiccant material) and their combination in the non‐surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis.Materials and MethodsThis was an examiner‐blind randomized clinical trial, with 2‐factorial design with a follow‐up of 6 months. The combination of the two factors resulted in four interventions: (a) non‐surgical debridement alone (C); (b) non‐surgical debridement and a desiccant material (H); (c) non‐surgical debridement and glycine powder (G); and (d) non‐surgical debridement, desiccant material and glycine powder (HG).ResultsSixty‐four patients with peri‐implantitis were randomized, 16 for each intervention. After six months, two implants failed in the G intervention. Mean pocket depth reduction was higher in patients treated with the desiccant material (estimated difference: 0.5 mm; 95% CI from 0.1 to 0.9 mm, p = .0229) while there was no difference in the patients treated with glycine powder (estimated difference: 0.1 mm; 95% CI from −0.3 to 0.5 mm, p = .7333). VAS for pain during intervention and VAS for pain after one week were higher for patients treated with glycine powder (p = .0056 and p = .0339, respectively). The success criteria and other variables did not reveal differences between interventions.ConclusionsIn this 6‐month follow‐up study, pocket reduction was more pronounced in patients using the desiccant material. Pain was higher in patients using glycine. All the interventions resulted in low success rate.
Secondary contact and genomic admixture between rhesus and long‐tailed macaques in the Indochina Peninsula
Authors: Ito Tsuyoshi , Kanthaswamy Sreetharan , Bunlungsup Srichan , Oldt Robert F. , Houghton Paul , Hamada Yuzuru , Malaivijitnond Suchinda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the process and consequences of hybridization is one of the major challenges in evolutionary biology. A growing body of literature has reported evidence of ancient hybridization events or natural hybrid zones in primates, including humans; however, we still have relatively limited knowledge about the pattern and history of admixture because there have been little studies that simultaneously achieved genome‐scale analysis and a geographically wide sampling of wild populations. Our study applied double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing to samples from the six localities in and around the provisional hybrid zone of rhesus and long‐tailed macaques and evaluated population structure, phylogenetic relationships, demographic history, and geographic clines of morphology and allele frequencies. A latitudinal gradient of genetic components was observed, highlighting the transition from rhesus (north) to long‐tailed macaque distribution (south) as well as the presence of one northern population of long‐tailed macaques exhibiting unique genetic structure. Interspecific gene flow was estimated to have recently occurred after an isolation period, and the migration rate from rhesus to long‐tailed macaques was slightly greater than in the opposite direction. Although some rhesus macaque‐biased alleles have widely introgressed into long‐tailed macaque populations, the inflection points of allele frequencies have been observed as concentrated around the traditionally recognized interspecific boundary where morphology discontinuously changed; this pattern was more pronounced in the X chromosome than in autosomes. Thus, due to geographic separation before secondary contact, reproductive isolation could have evolved, contributing to the maintenance of an interspecific boundary and species‐specific morphological characteristics.
Intrinsic competition between two European egg parasitoids of the brown marmorated stink bug
Authors: Stahl Judith M. , Babendreier Dirk , Foti Maria Cristina , Colazza Stefano , Haye Tim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFollowing the accidental introduction and spread of the invasive polyphagous agricultural pest Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the two European egg parasitoids Anastatus bifasciatus (Geoffroy) (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) and Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) have been investigated for inundative biological control. Since the competititve outcome between the two generalist parasitoids is difficult to predict, intrinsic competition was investigated with a time‐course development study. Both species readily oviposited in H. halys eggs containing eggs and early instar larvae of the competitor, but oviposition decreased when eggs contained late instar larvae and pupae. Ooencyrtus telenomicida offspring emergence from multiparasitized eggs was significantly lower than that from rearing controls, independent of the order of parasitization. Anastatus bifasciatus offspring emergence was not influenced by the presence of O. telenomicida when it parasitized as the first species, but emergence was decreased after oviposition in eggs containing O. telenomicida larvae and pupae. There was no indication that O. telenomicida can act as a facultative hyperparasitoid of A. bifasciatus. These results suggest that A. bifasciatus is the superior intrinsic competitor and no or minor negative implications for A. bifasciatus are expected if released in combination with O. telenomicida.
Improved qualitative properties of pear pekmez by natural zeolite treatment during production process
Authors: Şen Levent , Altiok Duygu , Apaydin Elif 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effect of zeolite treatment on color change, 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), total phenolic compounds (TPCs), ionic composition and texture of sweet pear pekmez was investigated for two different zeolite concentrations during pekmez production. HMF was not detected in clarified pear juice and pekmez samples subjected to 5 g/L (5ZP) and 10 g/L (10ZP) zeolite adsorption. HMF content of pekmez sample without zeolite treatment (PP) was measured as 2.76 ± 0.07 mg/kg. The addition of zeolite just after the clarification results in the reduction of the HMF content of pekmez samples. The highest TPC was determined as 4,958.1 ± 167 mg GAE/kg dry weight in PP sample. Application of zeolite together with conventional clarification resulted in 31.4% and 33.2% reduction in TPC of 5ZP and 10ZP, respectively, compared to PP samples. Zeolite application improved the color quality of pekmez samples. While the amount of fluoride, chloride, bromide, and potassium decreased with the zeolite treatment, the amount of calcium, sodium and magnesium in pekmez samples increased significantly. Zeolite treatment did not significantly affect the texture of the samples.Practical applicationsPekmez is concentrated fruit juice with long shelf life and high nutritional value. HMF formation is a very important problem that must be prevented or eliminated in the pekmez production process. This study provides the pear pekmez production process and determination of some important quality features such as color change and amount of HMF and metal ions. Besides, zeolite treatment is applied for the first time during pekmez processing. The results reveal that zeolite treatment is useful means to reduce undesirable metal ions and HMF formation during pekmez production while improving the color quality. Consequently, the use of zeolite in pekmez production has great potential to produce the high quality and safe pear pekmez.
Remimazolam tosilate in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: A multicenter, randomized, non‐inferiority, phase III trial
Authors: Chen Shao‐Hui , Yuan Tang‐Mi , Zhang Jiao , Bai Hua , Tian Ming , Pan Chu‐Xiong , Bao Hong‐Guang , Jin Xiao‐Ju , Ji Fu‐Hai , Zhong Tai‐Di , Wang Qiang , Lv Jian‐Rui , Wang Sheng , Li Yu‐Juan , Yu Yong‐Hao , Luo Ai‐Lin , Li Xiang‐Kui , Min Su , Li Lin , Zou Xiao‐Hua , Huang Yu‐Guang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimRemimazolam tosilate (RT) is a new short‐acting GABA(A) receptor agonist, having potential to be an effective option for procedural sedation. Here, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of RT with propofol in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.MethodsThis positive‐controlled, non‐inferiority, phase III trial recruited patients at 17 centers, between September 2017 and November 2017. A total of 384 patients scheduled to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were randomly assigned to receive RT or propofol. Primary endpoint was the success rate of sedation. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded to evaluate safety.ResultsThe success rate of sedation in the RT group was non‐inferior to that in the propofol group (97.34% vs 100.00%; difference in rate −2.66%, 95% CI −4.96 to −0.36, meeting criteria for non‐inferiority). Patients in the RT group had longer time to adequate sedation (P < 0.0001) but shorter time to fully alert (P < 0.0001) than that in the propofol group. The incidences of hypotension (13.04% vs 42.86%, P < 0.0001), treatment‐related hypotension (0.54% vs 5.82%, P < 0.0001), and respiratory depression (1.09% vs 6.88%, P = 0.0064) were significantly lower in the RT group. AEs were reported in 74 (39.15%) patients in the RT group and 114 (60.32%) patients in the propofol group, with significant difference (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThis trial established non‐inferior sedation success rate of RT compared with propofol. RT allows faster recovery from sedation compared with propofol. The safety profile is favorable and appears to be superior to propofol, indicating that it was feasible and well tolerated for patients.