bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unhealthy Attitude or Behavior Factors and Habitual Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption in Junior School Students: a Cross-Sectional Study in 2020 and Long Term Trend From 2012 to 2020
Authors: Peng Yuting , Wang Danyang , Zhang Rui , Ai Rujun , Lin Xiaofang , Wu Jieshu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption is the major source of added sugar intake and a common unhealthy eating behavior among youth in China and around the world. Excessive intake of SSBs has a negative impact on both short- and long-term health of adolescent. The targeting nutritional education and behavioral guidance, single use or as a supplement to the policy intervention like sales ban, is a low cost and effective intervening approach. The purpose of this study was to identify unhealthy attitudes and behaviors that affect youth's consumption of sugary drinks to provide evidence for subsequent targeted interventions.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1560 junior school students in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, in northern China and Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, in southern China. The content of the questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported consumption frequency of SSBs, attitude, behaviors and habits related to SSBs consumption. The Cronbach coefficient of questions was 0.855. Data from the series surveys of 2012 and 2018 were also used in the long-term trend analysis.ResultsIn 1466 Chinese junior school students, 5.1 % consumed SSBs every day and 13.6 % consumed it 3-6 times/week. The binary logistic regression was significant (R2=31.1%, P=0.001), and the attitude and behavior factors contributed to 22.1% of the 31.1% variation that could be explained. Among all factors, four unhealthy attitudes or behaviors with the highest OR were "Drink SSBs as water" (OR=10.288, 95%CI: 6.392~16.558), "Deem SSBs not affect health” (OR=2.735, 95%CI: 2.032~3.681), "Just want to drink SSBs” (OR=2.302, 95%CI: 1.524~3.478) and “Purchase SSBs in advance” (OR=2.245, 95%CI: 1.454~3.465). The SSBs consumption frequency increased with the increase of risk score of unhealthy attitudes and behaviors. (χ²-trend=127.470, P<0.001). Both frequency of drinking SSBs and holding rates of unhealthy attitudes or behaviors decreased with the passage of time (P trend<0.005). The drinking times per month was significantly positively correlated with the risk scores from 2012 to 2020 (r=0.314, P<0.001).ConclusionThe consumption of sugary drinks was largely influenced by unhealthy attitudes and behaviors. Adolescents are in the critical period of cognitive and habit formation, thus targeted intervention should be taken to promote their SSBs related healthy attitude and behavior to reduce the intake of added sugar and benefit them for life.
An inexpensive, efficient and safe regimen containing Pasiniazid for MDR-TB in high Tuberculosis epidemic areas – A prospective study in China
Authors: Sun Wenwen , Tang Qin , Wang Jie , Yang Jinhui , Yu Fangyou , Yang Hua , Fan Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: MDR-TB（multidrug-resistant tuberculosis） remains the challenge with low success rate of treatment. Pasiniazid had been applied in China for two decades, but relevant clinical studies are rare. To verify the efficacy and safety of a regimen containing pasiniazid on MDR-TB, a prospective clinical study was conducted in China. Methods: Patients with MDR-TB satisfied with inclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled into the study from 2017 June to 2018 Dec, given the regimen and followed up, observed the treatment outcome and adverse effect of drugs made up the regimen.Results: A total of 114 patients diagnosed as MDR Pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-PTB) were enrolled into the study and given the regimen with six months of Capremycin(Cm), Levofloxacin(Lfx), Cycloserine(Cs), Protionamide(Pto), Pyrazinamide(Z) and Pasiniazid（Pa）, followed by 12 months of LfxCsPtoZPa. The overall treatment success rate in all enrolled patients was 79.8% (91/114) while it was significantly higher in newly treated MDR-PTB (91.7%, 33/36) than that in retreated MDR-PTB(74.4%，58/78, p value was 0.03); Patients infected with strains resistant to fluoroquinolones impacted the treatment outcome (P<0.05) while other drugs did not (P >0.05). Pasiniazid was taken safely without adverse reaction during the course of treatment.Conclusions: The long term of anti-MDR-PTB regimen containing Pasiniazid was proved to be effective, safe and inexpensive although it contained injectable agents. This regimen is suited to be applied in areas with poor resource and high TB burden.
Immediate Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media Prevalence of IgE-mediated Hypersensitivity
Authors: Caron Juliette , SEYNAVE Maxime , GRAF Sahara , MORALY Tomas , DELEBARRE-SAUVAGE Christine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAfter administration of iodinated contrast media (ICM) some patients develop an immediate hypersensitivity reaction (IHR). A specific allergic IgE-mediated mechanism may be involved. ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of allergic patients among ICM reactors and to evaluate the negative predictive value (NVP) of skin testing for ICM.MethodsAll patients who attended a single center for an allergy work-up between 2010 and 2019 due to a prior IHR after an ICM injection were included retrospectively. ICM allergy was diagnosed if prick tests or intradermal tests were positive. Further information concerning secondary exposure to ICM was obtained from all patients with negative skin tests to determine whether ICM re-exposure led to an IHR.ResultsSkin tests identified ICM allergy in 7 out of 85 patients (8.2%). Frequency of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity among patients increased with increasing reaction severity. The NPV of skin testing for ICM allergy was 87.8% [95%CI 75.2;95.4.ConclusionThe low prevalence of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity among patients with IHR to ICM should not delay allergy workup. Earlier skin tests and provocation tests with skin-test negative ICM may help allergists to find a reliable alternative ICM.
Fatal Case of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Tuberculosis: A Case Report from an University Hospital in Colombia
Authors: Celis-Preciado Carlos Andres , Torres-González July , Arbelaez-Collazos Lina , Betancur-Palacio Camila , Pantoja Óscar David Lucero 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe term aspergillosis from a clinical point of view includes allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, invasive forms of the airway, cutaneous and extrapulmonary aspergillosis and finally chronic non-invasive or semi-invasive pulmonary forms. All of them produced by different species of Aspergillus. In addition, the presentation of aspergillosis together with tuberculosis are rare in scientific literature. We report a case of Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and tuberculosis in a 72-year-old man Case presentation The patient is a 72-year-old man who was admitted with a 2-year history of constitutional syndrome, dry cough and moderate exertion dyspnea. Chest X-ray showed a rounded mass in the upper lobe of the left lung surrounded by radiolucent areas that suggest cavitations. Computed tomography with chest contrast revealed "tree in bud" pattern in the upper right and middle lobe and lesions of a cystic appearance with the presence of multiple masses with a density of soft tissues. Bronchioalveolar lavage analyses demonstrate Aspergillus fumigatusConclusionsChronic cavity aspergillosis is an uncommon form characterized by cavitation, fibrosis and pleural thickening seen in immunocompetent or mildly immunocompromised patients with chronic respiratory diseases, especially TB.
Anti-rollover Motion Planning for Automated Heavy Trucks
Authors: Jin Zhilin , Li Jingxuan , Wang Hong , Li Jun , Huang Chaosheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Anti-rollover is an important performance for automated heavy trucks, which has been seldomly considered in the motion planning. This paper proposes an anti-rollover motion planning based on model predictive control (MPC) for automated heavy trucks. Taking the coupling of roll motion of sprung mass of the front axle with that of the drive axle into consideration, a seven degrees of freedom rollover dynamics model is established, and an evaluation index that can accurately describe the rollover motion is derived for heavy trucks. Then, a model predictive control strategy is designed for motion planning that combines the rollover dynamics, the artificial potential field for obstacle avoidance, and the trajectory tracking. In addition, the optimal path is calculated that considers collision avoidance, anti-rollover and vehicle dynamic constraints. Furthermore, three typical scenarios are applied to validate the performance of the proposed motion planning algorithm. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed anti-rollover motion planning can effectively avoid collisions and reduce the rollover risk simultaneously when confronting edge scenarios.
Loading and Release of Anti-Cancer Drugs Using Simultaneous pH and Temperature Responsive Nanohybrid
Authors: Maleki Reza , Dahri Mohammad , Akbarialiabad Hossein 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Todays, drug nanocarrier development and improving its biophysical properties is one of the updated and intended of nano-biopharmaceutical science researches. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), as a typical carbon structure based nanocarrier, but have some obstacles in drug delivery mechanisms. In that current study, the penetration, loading, and release of Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel, as two anticancer agents, were investigated using a novel modified and functionalized SWCNT.Results: This study was carried out using molecular dynamics simulation based on a dual-responsive smart biomaterial. At the in-silico study, Interaction energies between drugs and carriers, numbers of hydrogen bonds, diffusion coefficient, and gyration radius were investigated. The kinetic analysis of drug adsorption and release revealed that, fascinatingly, drug loading and drug release are selective at physiological and cancerous acidic pH, respectively. Interaction of Dimethyl acryl amid-trimethyl chitosan, as a biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel, with SWCNT indicated that degradation reaction in acidic condition destructs the polymer, which leads to a smart release in cancerous tissue at specific pH. Moreover, it resolves hydrophilicity, optimum nanoparticle size, cell membrane penetration, and cell toxicity concerns.Conclusions: The simulation results indicated a marvelous role of dimethyl acryl amide-trimethyl chitosan in the adsorption and release of anticancer drugs in normal and neoplastic tissue. The interaction of trimethyl chitosan also improves biocompatibility as well as biodegradability of the carrier. Overall, that novel drug carrier can be a virtuous nanoparticle for loading, transporting, and releasing the anticancer drugs.
Screening and Identifying m6A Regulators in Pancreatic Cancer Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas Database
Authors: Lin Bi , Sun Hongwei , Yu Dinglai , Xiang Yukai , Zhang Jie , Chen Shengchuan , Dai Shengjie , Huang Chaohao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors of the digestive system and its treatment has rarely progressed for the last two decades. Studies on m6A regulators for the past few years have seemingly provided a novel approach for malignant tumor therapy. m6A-related factors may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research is focused on the gene characteristics and clinical values of m6A regulators in predicting prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Methods: In our study, we obtained gene expression profiles with copy number variation (CNV) data and clinical characteristic data of 186 patients with pancreatic cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas portal (TCGA). Then, we determined the alteration of m6a regulators and their correlation with clinicopathological features using the log-rank tests, Cox regression model, and chi-square test. Results: The results suggested that pancreatic cancer patients with ALKBH5 CNV were associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival than those with diploid genes. Additionally, upregulation of the writer gene ALKBH5 had a positive correlation with the activation of AKT pathways. Conclusion: Our study not only demonstrated genetic characteristic changes of m6A-related genes in pancreatic cancer and found a strong relationship between the changes of ALKBH5 and poor prognosis but also provided a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Transferrin receptor is another receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry
Authors: Lai Ren , Tang Xiaopeng , Yang Mengli , Duan Zilei , Liao Zhiyi , Liu Lei , Cheng Ruomei , Fang Mingqian , Wang Gan , Liu Hongqi , Xu Jingwen , Kamau Peter , Zhang Zhiye , Yang Lian , Zhao Xudong , Peng Xiaozhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been suggested as a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry to cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, no ACE2 inhibitors have shown definite beneficiaries for COVID-19 patients, applying the presence of another receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry. Here we show that ACE2 knockout dose not completely block virus entry, while TfR directly interacts with virus Spike protein to mediate virus entry and SARS-CoV-2 can infect mice with over-expressed humanized transferrin receptor (TfR) and without humanized ACE2. TfR-virus co-localization is found both on the membranes and in the cytoplasma, suggesting SARS-CoV-2 transporting by TfR, the iron-transporting receptor shuttling between cell membranes and cytoplasma. Interfering TfR-Spike interaction blocks virus entry to exert significant anti-viral effects. Anti-TfR antibody (EC50 ∼16.6 nM) shows promising anti-viral effects in mouse model. Collectively, this report indicates that TfR is another receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry and a promising anti-COVID-19 target.
Is There a HbA1c&nbsp;Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycaemia?
Authors: Müller Nicolle , Lehmann Thomas , Müller Ulrich A , Kloos Christof 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Aims of the study: The minimum therapeutic goals regarding metabolic control for people with diabetes mellitus is “absence of symptoms of hyperglycaemia”. However, it is uncertain, if a level of HbA1c can be defined which guarantees the absence of these symptoms. The aim was to define an HbA1c threshold above which most patients show hyperglycaemic symptoms.Methods: In a multicenter cross-sectional study 137 patients with type 1 and 285 with type 2 diabetes were asked about their symptoms during periods of hyperglycaemia with a standardized questionnaire. Seventeen symptoms of hyperglycaemia were summarized to the total hyperglycaemia symptom score (THSS; min. 0; max. 68). The answers could be given according to the frequency and intensity in the last 4 to 6. Results: The HbA1c threshold above which most patients showed hyperglycaemic symptoms was for patients with diabetes type 1 10.05% and with type 2 8.9%. Most confidence was reached on the symptoms of frequent urination” and “tiredness”. The mean THSS was 19.4 (±9.0) and showed a positive correlation with age (r=0.167; p<0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.254; p<0.001).Conclusions: We identified a HbA1c threshold above which most patients show symptoms of hyperglycaemia. In the treatment of people with diabetes mellitus a safety margin to this threshold should be maintained to preserve well-being and avoid distress. However, since hyperglycaemia symptoms are subject to many influencing factors, an adjustment of the therapy, both intensification and de-intensification, should always be carried out in combination with the requested hyperglycaemia symptoms and HbA1c value.
Clinical Relevance and Prognostic Value of the Neuronal Protein Neuroligin 2 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Gang , Sun Yi , Wu Zheng-sheng , Huang Xing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Neuroligin 2 (NLGN2) is a well-recognized transmembrane scaffolding protein that functions in synapse development and neuronal signal transduction. Interestingly, NLGN2 has recently been implicated involved in multiple diseases of peripheral ectodermal origin. However, its potential roles in tumor genesis and progression remain ill-defined. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance and prognostic value of NLGN2 in breast cancer.Methods: Breast cancer datasets were extracted from TCGA, THPA and other public databases, and survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The immunological relevance of NLGN2 and its subcellular localization were also investigated by cross-analyses. The results of the in silico outcome were further validated by immunohistochemistry analyses using in-house tumor tissue specimens.Results: NLGN2 was identified as a prognostic factor in breast cancer subtypes, and its high expression levels were correlated to a favorable survival outcome. Moreover, NLGN2 overexpression in the breast cancer was significantly associated with larger size, lymph node metastasis, late TNM stage and high histological grade. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between the expression level of NLGN2 and the immunomodulatory molecules, as well as increased interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes. Additionally, NLGN2 was observed predominantly localized in the mitochondria of breast cancer cells.Conclusions: NLGN2 has a prognostic role and immunoregulatory potential in breast cancer, and its functions likely have a mitochondrial basis. It is a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer and should be explored further.
Probiotics Ameliorate Alveolar Bone Loss by Regulating Gut Microbiota
Authors: Jia Leming , Tu Ye , Jia Xiaoyue , Du Qian , Zheng Xin , Yuan Quan , Zheng Liwei , Zhou Xuedong , Xu Xin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEstrogen deficiency is an etiological factor of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), which not only decreases bone density in vertebrae and long bone, but also aggravates inflammatory bone loss in alveolar bone. Recent evidence has suggested the critical role of gut microbiota in osteoimmunology, and modulation of gut microbiota may have positive influence on bone metabolisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of probiotics on alveolar bone loss under estrogen-deficient condition. Inflammatory alveolar bone loss induced by either chronic periodontitis or apical periodontitis was established in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, which were gavage-fed with probiotics daily until sacrifice. Gut microbiota and gut permeability, as well as alveolar bone loss and the related osteoimmune were evaluated to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms by which probiotics counter the alveolar bone loss under estrogen-deficiency. ResultsWe found that administration of probiotics significantly prevented periodontal and apical bone resorption in OVX rats. Administration of probiotics significantly enriched butyrate-producing genera and enhanced gut butyrate production, resulting in improved intestinal barrier and decreased gut permeability in the OVX rats. Furthermore, the estrogen deprivation-induced inflammatory responses were suppressed in probiotics-treated OVX rats, as reflected by reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and a balanced distribution of CD4+IL-17A+Th17 cells and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the bone marrow. ConclusionOur data demonstrate that probiotics can effectively attenuate alveolar bone loss by modulating gut microbiota and further regulating osteoimmune, and thus represent a promising adjuvant in the treatment of alveolar bone loss under estrogen-deficiency.
Resveratrol inhibits autophagy in HTR-8/SVneo model by alleviating trophoblast oxidative stress
Authors: LI Meihe , KANG Minchao , AN Peng , DANG Huimin , XU Xin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe normal function of the placenta at each time stage of pregnancy is essential to a successful outcome. Placental dysfunction and increased oxidative stress and autophagy are the cause of a series of severe pregnancy complications. Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant that has shown beneficial effects in many diseases. We aim to investigate whether excessive autophagy is associated with oxidative stress in the trophoblast oxidative stress model. Resveratrol was taken to clarify its role in excessive autophagy of placental trophoblasts. MethodsWe established an in vitro model of oxidative stress by exposing the human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo to H2O2. Levels of autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Beclin-1, p53 and mTOR) were detected by western blot.ResultsTreatment with resveratrol significantly ameliorated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, morphological damage, oxidative stress and autophagy. Mechanistically, resveratrol restored the levels of autophagy-related proteins including LC3-II, Beclin-1 and p53, mTOR that were dysregulated by H2O2.ConclusionsResveratrol may protect human trophoblasts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by reducing excessive autophagy, thus ensuring the normal biological functions of trophoblasts.
The effect of using the metal tube on laser welding of the battery case and the tab for lithium-ion battery
Authors: Lee Dongkyoung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Given the drawbacks of the conventional welding methods in joining the battery case and tab in the lithium-ion battery, the laser welding technique using the metal tube has been introduced for the weld. The metal tube is supposed to contribute a positive effect on protecting the outside structure by blocking the injection of the spatters. However, the use of the metal tube is believed to affect the intensity as well as the power distribution of the laser gaussian beam. Through the observation and analysis in this study, both advantages and disadvantages of the application of the metal tube on the weld have been clarified. The use of the metal tube prevents the ejection of the spatter to the outside of the welding zone, the gap between the battery case and tab in the weld is also minimized. Besides, the limitation of the intensity and the power energy distribution of the laser Gaussian beam has caused significant changes in the morphology, mechanical, and electrical properties of the weld.
Influence of Mg Incorporation on Mechanical, Dielectric and Biological Properties of Hydroxyapatite Ceramic
Authors: Qamar Alliya , Zia Rehana , Riaz Madeeha , Hussain Tousif , Anjum Safia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This research focused on the mechanical electrical and biological properties of magnesium doped (Mgx, x = 0.5 - 2.5 mol%) hydroxyapatite(Hap) using chemical method. It was observed that addition of magnesium produced the secondary phase (whitlockite) depended on the concentration of magnesium using the XRD, FTIR and Raman techniques. These two phases forming BCP(Biphasic) are beneficial from the implant point of view. The dielectric properties were measured as a function of frequency for different concentration of Mg. For 1.0 -2.0mol% doped Mg samples showed dielectric constant value within the range required for implant material. The bioactivity and However, beyond 2mol% of Mg third phase of magnesium oxide was also observed which enhanced the micro-hardness and bioactivity of specimen.