bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the use of high and low demand simulation for human performance
assessment during multiorgan retrieval with the joint scrub practitioner
Authors: Morozova Gala , Martindale Amanda , Richards Hugh , Stirling John , Currie Ian 
Published: May 2020

Introduction
The National Organ Retrieval Service (NORS) 2015 review recommended a
Joint Scrub Practitioner for abdominal and cardiac teams during combined organ
retrieval. To evaluate the feasibility of this role, and to understand the
functional implications, this study explores the use of simulation and provides
a novel and comprehensive approach to assess individual and team performance in
simulated multiorgan retrievals.

Methods
Two high-fidelity simulations were conducted in an operating theatre with
porcine organs, en bloc, placed in a mannequin. For donation after brainstem
death (DBD) simulation, an anaesthetic machine provided simulated physiological
output. Retrievals following donation after circulatory death (DCD) began with
rapid arrival in theatre of the mannequin. Cardiothoracic (lead surgeon) and
abdominal (lead and assistant surgeons; joint scrub practitioner, n=9) teams
combined for the retrievals. Data collected before, during and after
simulations used self-report and expert observers to assess: attitudinal
expectations, mental readiness, mental effort, non-technical skills, teamwork,
task workload and social validation perceptions.

Results
Attitudinal changes regarding feasibility of a joint scrub practitioner
for DBD and DCD are displayed in the main body. There were no significant
differences in mental readiness prior to simulations nor in mental effort
indicated afterwards; however, variance was noted between simulations for
individual team members. Non-technical skills were slightly lower in DCD than
in DBD. Global ratings of teamwork were significantly (p<0.05) lower in DCD
than in DBD. Measures of attitude indicated less support for the proposed joint
scrub practitioner role for DCD than for DBD.

Discussion
The paper posits that the joint scrub practitioner role in DCD multiorgan
retrieval may bring serious and unanticipated challenges. Further work to
determine the feasibility of the NORS recommendation is required. Measures of
team performance and individual psychological response can inform organ
retrieval feasibility considerations nationally and internationally.
Consistency conditions for fields localization on braneworlds
Authors: Freitas L. F. F. , Alencar G. , Landim R. R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe general procedure for analyzing the localization of matter fields in brane models is by integrating, in the action, its zero-mode solutions over the extra dimensions. If this is finite, the field is said to be localized. However, the zero-mode solutions must also satisfy the Einstein equations. With this in mind, we obtain stringent constraints on a general energy-momentum tensor by analyzing the Einstein equations. These consistency conditions must be satisfied for any braneworld model. We apply it for some fields of the Standard Model. For a free massless scalar field, the zero-mode localization is consistent only if the field does not depend on the extra dimensions. For the spin $$\frac{1}{2}$$12 field with Yukawa-like interactions, we find a very specific relation between Yukawa function and the warp factor. As a consequence, the spinor field localization becomes inconsistent for most of the models studied in the literature. For the free vector field case, we find that the zero modes do not satisfy the consistency conditions. Finally, we consider the mechanisms proposed to localize this field. We find that a few survive, and even for these, the consistency conditions fix the free parameters or the possible class of solutions allowed.
Study on FAIMS ion source control and optimization using over-electric field
Authors: Zhong Lunchao , Gong Tao , Ma Hui , Shi Wenyan , Wang Peirong , Zhou Jinli , Deng Jun , Guo Jiahu 
Published: May 2020

Ion source provides sample ions for FAIMS. The key technology is ionization method. Efficient ionization of analytes is the core technology for data acquisition in high quality FAIMS systems. In order to long-distance detect and analyze harmful and toxic substances such as explosives, drugs, chemical reagents and environmental pollutants in an open environment, without pretreatment, real-time and on-line, the ion source control and its technical device using excessive electric field were designed and developed. The disadvantages of high flow rate of APCI and low flow rate of ESI are integrated, based on the chemical analysis principle of FAIMS, an experimental platform of ionization technology based on excessive electric field is proposed and designed, which mainly includes: ion focusing system, flat-panel migration zone with focusing structure, sample integration, etc. The experimental results show that the ion source based on excessive electric field can be widely used in biochemical weapon warning, drug tablet detection, environmental monitoring, food and drug detection and clinical medicine, and the detection limit can reach 0.1 ppm.
A novel bandwidth enhanced triple band antenna for satellite and airborne applications
Authors: Ismail Mohammed Mohammed 
Published: May 2020

<p align="justify"><span>This paper presents a novel bandwidth enhancement technique in which a passive stack of third order Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna is parasitically coupled to the driven element that is also a Sierpinski fractal of third order. Edge feeding technique is used. The passive stack placed symmetric to the driven elements provide the combined benefits of horizontal and vertical parasitic coupling, with added advantage of miniaturization contributed by fractal technology. Result of the study indicate that the antenna array provide triple band with a large inter-band separation that mitigates the effects of inter-band interference. The first band at 6.1Ghz with bandwidth of 250Mhz supports mobile wireless and fixed satellite service, the second band at 7.1Ghz with 350Mhz bandwidth supports mobile wireless, fixed wireless and fixed satellite service. The third band is at 11.6Ghz with bandwidth of 1.4Ghz and supports fixed wireless and fixed satellite services. The number of elements in the parasitic stack influence array performance in terms of bandwidth, gain and directivity. The bandwidth in the third band increased from 1.5Ghz for two-element stack to 1.7Ghz for three-element. This has an advantage over conventional antenna array, that use more active antenna elements that have the limitations of more power consumption and large space occupancy. </span></p>
Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)
Authors: Zilberman Bruno 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.
Modulating Subjective Timing through Looming and Receding Biological Motion
Authors: Sgouramani Helena , Chatziioannou Ioannis , Vatakis Argiro 
Published: May 2020

Our timing estimates are often prone to distortions from non-temporal attributes such as the direction of motion. Motion direction has been reported to lead to interval dilation when the movement is toward (i.e., looming) as compared to away from the viewer (i.e., receding). This perceptual asymmetry has been interpreted based on the contextual salience and prioritization of looming stimuli that allows for timely reactions to approaching objects. This asymmetry has mainly been studied through abstract stimulation with minimal social relevance. Focusing on the latter, we utilized naturalistic displays of biological motion and examined the aforementioned perceptual asymmetry in the temporal domain. In Experiment 1, we tested visual looming and receding human movement at various intervals in a reproduction task and found no differences in the participants’ timing estimates as a function of motion direction. Given the superiority of audition in timing, in Experiment 2, we combined the looming and receding visual stimulation with sound stimulation of congruent, incongruent, or no direction information. The analysis showed an overestimation of the looming as compared to the receding visual stimulation when the sound presented was of congruent or no direction, while no such difference was noted for the incongruent condition. Both looming and receding conditions (congruent and control) led to underestimations as compared to the physical durations tested. Thus, the asymmetry obtained could be attributed to the potential perceptual negligibility of the receding stimuli instead of the often-reported salience of looming motion. The results are also discussed in terms of the optimality of sound in the temporal domain.
Variations of the biodiversity and carbon functions of karst forests in two morphologically different sites in southwestern China
Authors: Liu Libin , Ni Jian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Knowledge of the biodiversity and carbon (C) functions of karst forests is scarce. This study comprehensively compared the species diversity and floristic characteristics, biomass and its allocation, leaf and soil C and nitrogen (N) concentrations, and photosynthetic capacity of dominant tree species between peak clump depression (PCD)-type and plateau surface (PS)-type karst forests on the basis of two large plots (i.e., 1 and 2 ha, respectively) in southwestern China. Results showed that PCD-type karst forest exhibits higher biodiversity and more tropical family and genus types than PS-type karst forest. These two types of karst forest presented similar total biomass, but PCD-type karst forest allocated more biomass to supporting roots and less biomass to absorbing roots. PS-type karst forest had higher C/N ratios in leaves and soils than PCD-type karst forest. Deciduous tree species in PS-type karst forest had low net photosynthetic rates, resulting in lower net photosynthetic rate in PS-type karst forest than in PCD-type karst forest. Species richness and C storage in the karst morphologies would be considerably enhanced if degraded vegetation in different types of karst area could be successfully restored to forests according to respective morphological and vegetation features. A comprehensive understanding of the biodiversity and C functions of karst vegetation is essential to biodiversity conservation, regional C storage estimation, vegetation management and restoration, and potential global change mitigation.
Slope aspect influences soil microbial community structure and composition in the Israel arid Mediterranean
Authors: Moroenyane I. , Tripathi B.M. , Adams J.M. , Chen S. , Steinberger Y. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Microbial biogeographical patterns in Mediterranean ecosystems are becoming widely documented; however, the influences of slope aspect on the microbial community composition and structure are poorly understood. This study tested the hypotheses that slope aspect and organic matter content would influence microbial diversity patterns and distribution. Sets of five soil samples were collected from different slope aspects (north slope, south slopes, and valley bottom) and bacterial and fungal communities were examined using the 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 region sequencing, respectively, on the Illumina HiSeq platform. Organic matter and soil moisture varied significantly across all sites but did not influence microbial diversity patterns. Community structure (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity) indicated that each site had a distinct microbial community, and soil moisture along with organic matter modulated the community structure. Relative abundance of key bacterial taxa (Actinobacteria and Bacteriodetes) and fungal taxa (Ascomycota was significantly influenced by slope aspect. Our results show, for the first time, that the often reported slope aspect dynamics of the soil microbiomes do in fact influence bacterial and fungal community composition and structure. Overall, taken together with previous studies from the region, this study provides novel insight on the physio-chemical properties that modulate the biogeographical patterns of soil microbes and contributes to our knowledge of factors that mediate microbial ecology in Mediterranean ecosystems.
Making Taiwan Relevant to Sociology: a Case Study on the Publication Pattern in the Major US Journals
Authors: Lee Chengpang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The social science communities in Taiwan face significant difficulties in publishing their studies in top-tier international journals. In this paper, I problematise the phenomenon of international publishing and situate this inquiry within the literature on global knowledge production. I further discuss the ‘small country predicament thesis’ originally framed by Su-jen Huang and the proposed solution—the Moneyball approach. Using the keyword search method, I aim to answer two empirical questions: who and what kinds of papers related to Taiwan get published in the top US sociological journals. The findings of this case study suggest that most of the papers are authored by foreign scholars, most papers were published prior to 2000, and they all share methodological similarities. Comparing this pattern to other Asian countries, the case of Taiwan shows both similarities and differences in facing the challenges of academic publishing.
Estimating Surface Attachment Kinetic and Growth Transition Influences on Vapor-Grown Ice Crystals
Authors: Pokrifka Gwenore F. , Moyle Alfred M. , Hanson Lavender Elle , Harrington Jerry Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere are few measurements of the vapor growth of small ice crystals at temperatures below −30°C. Presented here are mass-growth measurements of heterogeneously and homogeneously frozen ice particles grown within an electrodynamic levitation diffusion chamber at temperatures between −44° and −30°C and supersaturations si between 3% and 29%. These growth data are analyzed with two methods devised to estimate the deposition coefficient α without the direct use of si. Measurements of si are typically uncertain, which has called past estimates of α into question. We find that the deposition coefficient ranges from 0.002 to unity and is scattered with temperature, as shown in prior measurements. The data collectively also show a relationship between α and si, with α rising (falling) with increasing si for homogeneously (heterogeneously) frozen ice. Analysis of the normalized mass growth rates reveals that heterogeneously frozen crystals grow near the maximum rate at low si, but show increasingly inhibited (low α) growth at high si. Additionally, 7 of the 17 homogeneously frozen crystals cannot be modeled with faceted growth theory or constant α. These cases require the growth mode to transition from efficient to inefficient in time, leading to a large decline in α. Such transitions may be, in part, responsible for the inconsistency in prior measurements of α.
Is There Any Potential in Service Trade of South Asia?
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Khorana Sangeeta , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: May 2020

Like many developing economies, services have emerged as crucial economic activities in South Asia; yet, this cannot increase the rapid growth in the intra-trade in the region. To find out the service trade potential in the region, this article uses revealed comparative advantage indices to assess the comparative advantage and the indicative trade potential of different South Asian countries in various services sub-sectors. The study reveals that there stands complementarities in the trade of services as Pakistan and Sri Lanka have a competitive advantage in Transport Services, while India has a competitive advantage in Computer and Information Services and Other Business Services. In travel services, Maldives and Nepal possess competitiveness, while Bangladesh in Government Services. The study reveals that competitive services have not explored the potential yet. India being the most robust economy of the region must provide a pivotal role in making negotiations and commitments under the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Agreement on Trade in Services (SATIS), particularly in competitive services. JEL: F1, G2, F5
JAK inhibition synergistically potentiates BCL2, BET, HDAC, and proteasome inhibition in advanced CTCL
Authors: Yumeen Sara , Mirza Fatima N. , Lewis Julia M. , King Amber Loren O. , Kim Sa Rang , Carlson Kacie R. , Umlauf Sheila R. , Surovtseva Yulia V. , Foss Francine M. , Girardi Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a malignancy of skin-homing T lymphocytes that is more likely to involve the peripheral blood in advanced stages. For such patients with advanced disease, there are few available systemic treatment options, and prognosis remains poor. Exome sequencing studies of CTCL have suggested therapeutic targets, including within the JAK/STAT pathway, but JAK inhibition strategies may be limited by patient-specific mutational status. Because our recent research has highlighted the potential roles of single and combination approaches specifically using BCL2, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET), and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, we aimed to investigate the effects of JAK inhibition on CTCL cells and established CTCL cell lines when paired with these and other targeting agents. Peripheral blood malignant CTCL isolates exhibited differential responses to JAK inhibition, with JAK2 expression levels negatively correlating to 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. Regardless of single-agent sensitivity, JAK inhibition potentiated malignant cell cytotoxicity in combination with BCL2, BET, HDAC, or proteasome inhibition. Combination inhibition of JAK and BCL2 showed the strongest potentiation of CTCL cytotoxicity, driven by both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. JAK inhibition decreased expression of BCL2 in the high-responder samples, suggesting a putative mechanism for this combination activity. These results indicate that JAK inhibition may have major effects on CTCL cells, and that combination strategies using JAK inhibition may allow for more generalized cytotoxic effects against the malignant cells from patients with CTCL. Such preclinical assessments help inform prioritization for combination targeted drug approaches for clinical utilization in the treatment of CTCL.
Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia reduces sleep apnoea severity: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sweetman Alexander , Lack Leon , McEvoy R. Doug , Antic Nick A. , Smith Simon , Chai-Coetzer Ching Li , Douglas James , O'Grady Amanda , Dunn Nicola , Robinson Jan , Paul Denzil , Eckert Danny , Catcheside Peter G. 
Published: May 2020

Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) frequently co-occur and may be causally related through sleep fragmentation and/or hyperarousal mechanisms. Previous studies suggest that OSA treatment can improve insomnia severity. However, the effect of insomnia treatment on OSA severity has not been investigated. We performed a randomised controlled trial to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi) on OSA severity, controlling for potential sleep-stage and posture effects.145 patients with comorbid insomnia (International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd Edn) and untreated OSA (apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥15 events·h−1sleep) were randomised to a four-session CBTi programme or to a no-treatment control. Overnight sleep studies were completed pre- and post-treatment to measure AHI, arousal index and sleep architecture, to investigate the effect of intervention group, time, sleep stage (N1–3 or REM) and posture (supine or nonsupine) on OSA severity.The CBTi group showed a 7.5 event·h−1greater AHI difference (mean (95% CI) decrease 5.5 (1.3–9.7) events·h−1, Cohen'sd=0.2, from 36.4 events·h−1pre-treatment) across sleep-stages and postures, compared to control (mean increase 2.0 (−2.0–6.1) events·h−1,d=0.01, from 37.5 events·h−1at pre-treatment; interaction p=0.012). Compared to control, the CBTi group also had a greater reduction in total number (mean difference 5.6 (0.6–10.6) greater overall reduction; p=0.029) and duration of nocturnal awakenings (mean difference 21.1 (2.0–40.3) min greater reduction; p=0.031) but showed no difference in the arousal index, or sleep architecture.CBTi consolidates sleep periods and promotes a 15% decrease in OSA severity in patients with comorbid insomnia and OSA. This suggests that insomnia disorder may exacerbate OSA and provides further support for treating insomnia in the presence of comorbid OSA.
Comparison of diet quality between celiac patients and non-celiac people in East Azerbaijan-Iran
Authors: Nikniaz Zeinab , Mahdavi Reza , Nikniaz Leila , Akbari Namvar Zahra , Shirmohammadi Masoud , Akhavan Sabbagh Mojgan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Considering the lifelong dietary restriction in celiac patients, it is important to assess the diet quality in these patients. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the diet quality in adult celiac patients and compare it with that of the non-celiac people.

Methods
In the present cross-sectional study, 130 celiac patients were selected from the celiac disease (CD) registry database of East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Non-celiac people (n = 464) was selected from the major lifestyle promotion project conducted in the East Azerbaijan district. The dietary intake data was obtained by an 80-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was assessed using the healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015).

Results
The mean total HEI score was significantly higher in the celiac group compared with the non-celiac people (P < 0.001) and 68.5% of non-celiac people and 17.4% of celiac patients had poor diet quality. After adjusting for confounding factors, the mean score of total HEI in adherents to gluten-free diet (GFD) was significantly higher compared with non-adherents (P = 0.007).

Conclusions
Although the mean total HEI score was higher in celiac patients compared with the non-celiac people, about 17.5% of patients had poor diet quality and the scores of whole grains and dairy products group were very low in our population. Accordingly, it seems that educational programs should be held for the celiac patients and non-celiac people to increase their nutritional literacy and enable them to select healthy gluten-free alternatives.