bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The in vitro toxicity evaluation of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in human lung cells
Authors: Sawicka Dorota , Zapor Lidia , Chojnacka-Puchta Luiza , Miranowicz-Dzierzawska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHalloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been increasingly used in many industrial and biomedical fields. Therefore, the assessment of risk and consequences of exposure to HNTs is very important to better protect human safety. This study aims to investigate the short- (24 or 72 h) and long-term (7 days) cytotoxic effects of HNTs at doses 10–200 µg/mL on human alveolar carcinoma epithelial cells (A549) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The effect of HNTs on cell viability, apoptosis, cell proliferation, oxidative/antioxidative status and cell morphology was evaluated. Our results showed that cytotoxicity of HNTs is dependent on dose, cell model and time of exposure. During the time of exposition toxic effects were intensified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use holo-tomographic microscopy (HTM) to visualise changes in cell morphology due to exposure from HNTs. We observed cells contraction, changes in the size and shape, cell surface folding and cytoplasmic vacuolization, peripheral arrangement of cell nuclei and even increase number of nucleus, which undoubtedly confirmed cytotoxic effect of HNTs at low doses (5 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL). Our results demonstrated that HTM technique provides a new insight into the assessment of HNTs toxicity. Further studies with different cell models are recommended to assess the toxic effect of HNTs on whole human body.
The perspective of children of hoarding parents (COHP)
Authors: Garrett Cecilia A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The perspective herein is based upon the lived experience of adult
Children of Hoarding Parents (COHP). The weight of parental hoarding on COHP
is not derived solely from the physical adversity of living within a hoarded
home but also comes with the social and psychological challenges they carry
into adulthood. The view of hoarding as a family disorder with lasting
impact evokes research questions including the exploration of the
relationship between childhood adversity and parental hoarding, and the
application of attachment theory to hoarding behaviours and family
relationships. These types of research studies may lead to policy adoption
and programme development for early identification of and intervention
within families where parental hoarding represents a threat to child
welfare.
Axisymmetric Stokes flow due to a point-force singularity acting between two coaxially positioned rigid no-slip disks
Authors: Daddi-Moussa-Ider Abdallah , Sprenger Alexander R. , Amarouchene Yacine , Salez Thomas , Schönecker Clarissa , Richter Thomas , Löwen Hartmut , Menzel Andreas M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Grammar modulates discourse expectations: evidence from causal relations in English and Korean
Authors: YI EUNKYUNG , KOENIG JEAN-PIERRE 
Published: October 2020

abstractThis paper investigates whether differences in grammar affect the production of discourse relations. We report the results of two story continuation experiments on speakers of two typologically unrelated languages, English and Korean, and in two different discourse genres, monologues (Experiment 1) and conversations (Experiment 2), focusing on the contrast between the explanation discourse relation and the result discourse relation. Since the grammar of clause linkage in Korean, but not English, disfavors a backward causal order (explanation relation), we predicted that Korean speakers are less likely to produceEXPLANATIONcontinuations inMONOLOGUESthan English speakers. We also predicted that this difference disappears in conversation, as questions that can be uttered in conversations are not subject to the same constraints on clause linkage in Korean. The results confirmed our predictions. The effect of language on the production of discourse relations in monologue suggests thatLINGUISTIC STRUCTUREScan affect speakers’ discourse expectation and production, while the absence of language effect in conversation suggests that this language effect is not due to differences in the way speakers causally relate events or to conceptual or cultural differences in preferences for iconic discourse between English and Korean speakers.
In Search of the Lands of Rus’: The Idea of Ukraine in the Imagination of the Little Russian Movement (1917–1919)
Authors: Korolov Gennadii 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe article explores the idea of Ukraine in the imagination of the Little Russian politicians during the revolutionary period of 1917–1919. It chiefly focuses on figures of the Little Russian movement, such as Vasiliy Shulgin (1878–1976), Anatoliy Savenko (1874–1922), Andrey Storozhenko (1857–1926), Aleksandr Bilimovich (1876–1963), and others. This article explores the ideas of the Little Russians regarding the termUkraineand their views concerning the Ukrainian people and its ethnographic and historical boundaries. It argues that Ukraine and Ukrainians were perceived as a Little Russia, Southern Russia, Southern Rus’, and Little Russians accordingly. By their assessment, Ukraine had not included the Taurida (the New Russia region) and the Crimea, but had included Eastern Galicia and Volhynia.
All Sizes Fit the Red Queen
Authors: Žliobaitė Indrė , Fortelius Mikael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Red Queen's hypothesis portrays evolution as a never-ending competition for expansive energy, where one species’ gain is another species’ loss. The Red Queen is neutral with respect to body size, implying that neither small nor large species have a universal competitive advantage. Here we ask whether, and if so how, the Red Queen's hypothesis really can accommodate differences in body size. The maximum population growth in ecology clearly depends on body size—the smaller the species, the shorter the generation length, and the faster it can expand given sufficient opportunity. On the other hand, large species are more efficient in energy use due to metabolic scaling and can maintain more biomass with the same energy. The advantage of shorter generation makes a wide range of body sizes competitive, yet large species do not take over. We analytically show that individuals consume energy and reproduce in physiological time, but need to compete for energy in real time. The Red Queen, through adaptive evolution of populations, balances the pressures of real and physiological time. Modeling competition for energy as a proportional prize contest from economics, we further show that Red Queen's zero-sum game can generate unimodal hat-like patterns of species rise and decline that can be neutral in relation to body size.
ON SOLVABILITY OF CERTAIN EQUATIONS OF ARBITRARY LENGTH OVER TORSION-FREE GROUPS
Authors: ANWAR MUHAMMAD FAZEEL , BIBI MAIRAJ , AKRAM MUHAMMAD SAEED 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLet G be a nontrivial torsion-free group and $s\left( t \right) = {g_1}{t^{{\varepsilon _1}}}{g_2}{t^{{\varepsilon _2}}} \ldots {g_n}{t^{{\varepsilon _n}}} = 1\left( {{g_i} \in G,{\varepsilon_i} = \pm 1} \right)$ be an equation over G containing no blocks of the form ${t^{- 1}}{g_i}{t^{ - 1}},{g_i} \in G$. In this paper, we show that $s\left( t \right) = 1$ has a solution over G provided a single relation on coefficients of s(t) holds. We also generalize our results to equations containing higher powers of t. The later equations are also related to Kaplansky zero-divisor conjecture.
Viability and development of Ascaridia galli eggs recovered in artificial media followed by storage under different conditions
Authors: Feyera T. , Ruhnke I. , Sharpe B. , Elliott T. , Campbell D.L.M. , Walkden-Brown S.W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Eggs oviposited by Ascaridia galli females in artificial media are commonly used as a source of infective material. We investigated the rate of egg production by cultured mature females (n = 223), and changes in egg viability under different storage and incubation conditions. Eggs recovered after 1, 2 or 3 days of culture were subjected to either (1) storage in water at 4°C (1, 4 or 8 weeks) followed by incubation in 0.1 N H2SO4 at 26°C (2, 4 or 6 weeks); or (2) prolonged storage at 4°C (up to 14 weeks). Egg development and viability was assessed by morphology coupled with a viability dye exclusion test of hatched larvae. Of the 6,044 eggs recovered per mature female 49.2, 38.5 and 12.3% were recovered on days 1, 2 and 3 of worm incubation respectively with similar initial viability (≥99%) between days. Eggs recovered on different days had only minor differences in viability after storage. The prolonged storage period at 4°C significantly affected both viability and embryonation ability resulting in decline in viability of 5.7–6.2% per week. A smaller but significant decline in egg (2.0%) and hatched larval (1.4%) viability per week of incubation at 26°C was also observed. We conclude that storage and incubation conditions, not the day of egg recovery, are the main factors affecting A. galli egg viability. Our findings indicate that under aerobic conditions storage at 26°C may be preferable to 4°C whereas other studies indicate that under anaerobic conditions storage at 4°C is preferable.
Risk factors for severe disease in patients admitted with COVID-19 to a hospital in London, England: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Goodall J. W. , Reed T. A. N. , Ardissino M. , Bassett P. , Whittington A. M. , Cohen D. L. , Vaid N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 has caused a major global pandemic and necessitated unprecedented public health restrictions in almost every country. Understanding risk factors for severe disease in hospitalised patients is critical as the pandemic progresses. This observational cohort study aimed to characterise the independent associations between the clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients and their demographics, comorbidities, blood tests and bedside observations. All patients admitted to Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK between 12 March and 15 April 2020 with COVID-19 were retrospectively identified. The primary outcome was death. Associations were explored using Cox proportional hazards modelling. The study included 981 patients. The mortality rate was 36.0%. Age (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.53), respiratory disease (aHR 1.37), immunosuppression (aHR 2.23), respiratory rate (aHR 1.28), hypoxia (aHR 1.36), Glasgow Coma Scale <15 (aHR 1.92), urea (aHR 2.67), alkaline phosphatase (aHR 2.53), C-reactive protein (aHR 1.15), lactate (aHR 2.67), platelet count (aHR 0.77) and infiltrates on chest radiograph (aHR 1.89) were all associated with mortality. These important data will aid clinical risk stratification and provide direction for further research.
Covering and tiling hypergraphs with tight cycles
Authors: Han Jie , Lo Allan , Sanhueza-Matamala Nicolás 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA k-uniform tight cycle $C_s^k$ is a hypergraph on s > k vertices with a cyclic ordering such that every k consecutive vertices under this ordering form an edge. The pair (k, s) is admissible if gcd (k, s) = 1 or k / gcd (k,s) is even. We prove that if $s \ge 2{k^2}$ and H is a k-uniform hypergraph with minimum codegree at least (1/2 + o(1))|V(H)|, then every vertex is covered by a copy of $C_s^k$. The bound is asymptotically sharp if (k, s) is admissible. Our main tool allows us to arbitrarily rearrange the order in which a tight path wraps around a complete k-partite k-uniform hypergraph, which may be of independent interest.For hypergraphs F and H, a perfect F-tiling in H is a spanning collection of vertex-disjoint copies of F. For $k \ge 3$, there are currently only a handful of known F-tiling results when F is k-uniform but not k-partite. If s ≢ 0 mod k, then $C_s^k$ is not k-partite. Here we prove an F-tiling result for a family of non-k-partite k-uniform hypergraphs F. Namely, for $s \ge 5{k^2}$, every k-uniform hypergraph H with minimum codegree at least (1/2 + 1/(2s) + o(1))|V(H)| has a perfect $C_s^k$-tiling. Moreover, the bound is asymptotically sharp if k is even and (k, s) is admissible.
CFAP43-mediated intra-manchette transport is required for sperm head shaping and flagella formation
Authors: Yu Yi , Wang Jiaxiong , Zhou Liming , Li Haibo , Zheng Bo , Yang Shenmin 
Published: October 2020

SummaryMutation inCFAP43leads to severe asthenozoospermia and multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagellum (MMAF) in both human and mouse. Previous studies have shown that disruption of intra-manchette transport (IMT) caused failure of flagellum assembly and sperm head shaping. In a previous study, therefore, we postulated that disruption of IMT may contribute to the failure of sperm flagellum formation and result in MMAF, however the mechanisms underlying these defects are still poorly understood.Cfap43-deficient mice were studied here to reveal the cellular mechanisms of abnormal sperm head morphology and MMAF. Depletion ofCfap43led to abnormal spermiogenesis and caused MMAF, sperm head abnormality and oligozoospermia. Furthermore, both abnormal manchette and disorganized ectoplasmic specialization (ES) could be observed at the elongated spermatids inCfap43-deficient mice. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that, in mice, CFAP43-mediated IMT is essential for sperm head shaping and sperm flagellum formation.
Midterm outcomes of pulmonary artery sling repair with and without tracheoplasty
Authors: Binsalamah Ziyad M. , Thomason Alyssa , Ibarra Christopher , Spigel Zachary , Adachi Iki , Barton Katherine E. , Edmunds Evan , Caldarone Christopher A. , Imamura Michiaki , Heinle Jeffrey S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:Review a single-centre experience with pulmonary artery sling repair and evaluate risk factors for re-intervention.Methods:Patients with surgically repaired pulmonary artery sling at a single institution between 1996 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. A univariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate variables for association with freedom from re-intervention.Results:Eighteen patients had pulmonary artery sling repair. At operation, median age and weight were 6.9 months (interquartile range 4.1–18.1) and 9.5 kg (interquartile range 6.5–14.5), respectively. A median hospital length of stay was 12 days (interquartile range 5.8–55.3). Twelve patients (67%) had complete tracheal rings, of whom six (50%) underwent tracheoplasty (five concurrently with pulmonary artery sling repair). Airway re-intervention was required in five (83%) of the six patients who underwent tracheoplasty. One patient had intraoperative diagnosis and repair of pulmonary artery sling during unrelated lesion repair and required tracheoplasty 24 days post-operatively. One patient died 55 days after pulmonary artery sling repair and tracheoplasty following multiple arrests and re-interventions. Median post-operative follow-up for surviving patients was 6.3 years (interquartile range 11 months–13 years), at which time freedom from re-intervention was 61%. When controlling for patient and tracheal size, initial tracheoplasty was associated with decreased freedom from re-intervention (hazard ratio 21.9, 95% confidence interval 1.7–284.3, p = 0.018).Conclusions:In patients with pulmonary artery sling, tracheoplasty is associated with decreased freedom from re-intervention. In select patients with pulmonary artery sling and complete tracheal rings, conservative management without tracheoplasty is feasible. Further study is necessary to delineate objective indications for tracheoplasty.
Propranolol syrup to tablets change triggers electrical storm in Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome
Authors: Ramos-Jiménez Javier , Sánchez-Perez Inmaculada , Moreno-Mata Nicolás , Moreno-Planas Javier 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA 10-year-old girl with genetically confirmed Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome treated with beta-blocker and developed electrical storm after changing propranolol syrup to tablets. Jervell-Lange-Nielsen is characterised by long QT and congenital sensorineural deafness, with high risk of malignant arrhythmias at early ages. Gastric involvement and achlorhydria may be present, with subsequent alteration of medication bioavailability which can trigger severe arrhythmic complications.
The Covert and Overt Reassurance Seeking Inventory (CORSI): Development, validation and psychometric analyses
Authors: Radomsky Adam S. , Neal Rachael L. , Parrish Chris L. , Lavoie Stefanie L. , Schell Sarah E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground:Reassurance seeking (RS) is motivated by perceived general and social/relational threats across disorders, yet is often under-recognized because it occurs in covert (i.e. subtle) and overt forms. Covert safety-seeking behaviour may maintain disorders by preventing corrective learning and is therefore important to identify effectively.Aims:This study presents the validation and psychometric analyses of a novel measure of covert and overt, general and social/relational threat-related interpersonal RS.Method:An initial 30-item measure was administered to an undergraduate sample (N = 1626), as well as to samples of individuals diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD; n = 50), anxiety disorders (n = 60) and depression (n = 30). The data were subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and validation analyses.Results:An exploratory factor analysis using principal axis factoring with oblique rotation yielded five interpretable factors, after removing four complex items. The resulting 26-item measure, the Covert and Overt Reassurance Seeking Inventory (CORSI), evidenced good convergent and divergent validity and accounted for 54.99% of the total variance after extraction. Factor correlations ranged from r = .268 to .736, suggesting that they may be tapping into unique facets of RS behaviour. In comparison with undergraduate participants, all clinical groups had significantly higher total scores [t (51.80–840) = 3.92–5.84, p < .001]. The CFA confirmed the five-factor model with good fit following the addition of four covariance terms (goodness of fit index = .897, comparative fit index = .918, Tucker–Lewis index = .907, root mean square error approximation = .061).Conclusion:The CORSI is a brief, yet comprehensive and psychometrically strong measure of problematic RS. With further validation, the CORSI has potential for use within clinical and research contexts.
Arguments used by trade associations during the early development of a new front-of-pack nutrition labelling system in Brazil
Authors: Mialon Melissa , Khandpur Neha , Amaral Mais Laís , Bortoletto Martins Ana Paula 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To analyse the arguments used by the food industry during the early development of the new nutrition front-of-pack labelling (FOPL) in Brazil.Design:A thematic qualitative analysis was performed using an inductive approach. All data were collected and analysed between December 2018 and April 2019. Data included documents published by the Brazilian government, including industry’s contributions to a technical public consultation, as well as industry material and newspaper articles.Setting:Brazil.Participants:Seven trade associations and one industry group.Results:During the early stages of the FOPL policy development, food industry actors presented themselves as legitimate actors, by highlighting their economic contribution to the country, their role in safeguarding consumers’ right to choose and their range of solutions in addressing the non-communicable disease epidemic. They also questioned the policy process by criticising the role of the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency and the science that informed the policy. Finally, food industry actors highlighted the supposedly lack of coherence between national, regional and international policies, as well as other socio-economic risks. A small set of evidence published in non-academic, non-peer-reviewed reports was used by industry actors to support these arguments.Conclusions:Collectively, these arguments reinforced the position of the food industry as a necessary part of the discussion on FOPL and shifted the blame away from unhealthy products to individual behaviours. It is crucial that public health initiatives, such as the introduction of a new FOPL, are no co-opted and negatively influenced by economic actors who may try to delay the policy process.
Empire, sociality, and political economy in colonial Bengal
Authors: Sartori Andrew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHow to conceptualize the broad dissemination of economic concepts in colonial South Asia? This article uses an essay by a mid-nineteenth-century Bengali, Peary Chand Mittra, as a point of departure to approach this problem in South Asian historiography. In the first part, the essay locates the conditions of possibility for Mittra's political-economic analysis of Bengal's agrarian social order within an imperial and commercial space of extended interdependencies. The aim is not to explain the specificity of Mittra's politics so much as to highlight his recourse to political-economic concepts to ground his analysis. In the second part, the essay suggests that the grounding of political economy's colonial histories within histories of imperial space needs to be supplemented by closer attention to new normative impulses and aspirations emerging directly from agrarian society in the region. This second emphasis provides better grounds for grasping the depth and durability of political economy's reach into political and ethical claims across social space in the Subcontinent in the twentieth century. It thus broaches the necessity of subaltern histories of political economy.
The Self in Fragments: On Rowan Williams’s Tragicomic Augustinianism
Authors: Delport Khegan M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to expound Rowan Williams’s reading of Augustine and Hegel on the question of selfhood. Through an adoption of the tropes of ‘tragedy’ and ‘comedy’, the argument will be made that Williams’s interpretation of Augustine’s portrayal of the soul as wandering and homeless does not imply an unremitting vision of loss and fragmentation. For him, the distentio animi is always placed within a more expansive arc of desire in which the self is continually rediscovered in what is ‘other’. This means that my self is most primarily found in the unhanding of restrictive identities that hinder our spiritual growth towards union with God, and also in the discovery of my goods as being bound up with the goods of others. This reading is further expanded by relating Williams’s ‘Augustine’ to Gillian Rose’s ‘Hegel’, thereby showing the way that his reception of this has assisted him in explicating a greater ‘comic’ undercurrent in his retrieval of selfhood.