bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Current Carriers’ Dispersion Law of a Crystal, Their Chemical Potential and a Set of Important Properties of Crystals
Authors: Budzhak Ya. S. , Wacławski T. 
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a new non-parabolic dispersion law has been established, which for a small parameter of the spectrum nonparabolicity coincides with the known Kane’s nonparabolic dispersion law. The Kane’s dispersion law works well when the well-known parameter of nonparabolicity is much less than 1, and the new law works well enough when the parameter of nonparabolicity is less than 1. In addition, this law shows that crystals with a band gap (i.e., forbidden band width) Eg~10-1 eV – these are semiconductor crystals, crystals with Eg~10-2 eV – these are metals.
La masonería española en Marruecos
Authors: Aguiar Bobet Valeria 
Published: July 2020

La investigadora Valeria Aguiar Bobet ha defendido una tesis doctoral en Historia, cuyo título es “La masonería española en Marruecos: un proyecto colonial (1881-1936)” en la Universidad Jaume I en España, bajo la dirección de José Antonio Piqueras Arenas y Manuel de Paz Sánchez. La defensa fue el 8 de enero de 2020.
Cosmopolitismo y migraciones
Authors: Morales Benítez Antonio 
Published: July 2020

Algunos hombres de la masonería campogibraltareña estrecharon vínculos con América. Este cosmopolitismo se produjo en los dos sentidos. Uno de los promotores de la expansión masónica, que estaría en la base del desarrollo posterior, había conocido la Orden en La Habana. El fundador y venerable maestro de la primera logia del siglo XX en el Campo se instalaría posteriormente en la ciudad norteamericana de Tampa. Hubo un flujo continuo con la emigración de otros masones campo gibraltareños a ciudades como Nueva York. Asimismo, tras la guerra civil el continente americano fue un lugar de exilio para algunos de ellos.
Prácticas docentes y desarrollo de conducta prosocial en alumnos de primer ciclo básico de una escuela chilena
Authors: González Navarro María-Gracia , Navarro Saldaña Gracia 
Published: July 2020

Se identifican las prácticas docentes de profesores de un establecimiento educacional chileno, con alto índice de vulnerabilidad social (90.5%), y su relación con la aparición de conductas prosociales. Se analizó una muestra de siete profesores jefes del primer ciclo básico, a través de entrevista y observación directa. Los resultados muestran que el Comportamiento Normativo de los profesores tiene impacto en la aparición de conductas prosociales en los alumnos y que éstas se ven obstruidas por la inconsistencia en las normas y por el énfasis en la figura de autoridad para su cumplimiento. Las prácticas docentes no están promoviendo el desarrollo moral de los alumnos y, por lo tanto, no facilitan la aparición de conductas prosociales, las cuales funcionan como factor protector ante la conducta violenta.
Así, la figura del profesor es fundamental para el desarrollo de conductas prosociales, siendo efectivas en cuanto generan o no oportunidades para el desarrollo de la moralidad.
Sexual life assessment in individuals with different kind of relationships
Authors: Gagica Kumrije , Fejza Hajrullah 
Published: July 2020

Sexual life and intimacy mainly is based by one’s personality, knowledge and attitudes toward others. Someone’s personality can tell us how they approach all sorts of different things in life, including sexual life. To audit sexual life it is necessary to assess it through asking people who have a regular partner or whoever they are having sex, or their last relationship. The study included 500 subjects from Albania and Kosovo. The questionnaire was delivered through Survey planet app. The audit was opened during June 2019. Questionnaire contains 15 questions with A, B, C alternatives. The data were analyzed through SPSS software. Using the program, a series of Student’s t-tests was conducted for independent samples and correlation analysis with Pearson’s coefficient. The answers were categorized in three categories: mostly A, mostly B and mostly C. Female respondents were 54.6 % whereas 45.4% male. The majority, 78% ranked in age group 21-50 years old, from whom 71.4 % were married. Mostly A score frequently found at 53.60 % of participants which sounds like they and their partners have a really healthy and satisfying sex life. “Mostly B” answered by 32% of participants which means that they were mostly satisfied with their sex life, and it seems like sometimes they can feel a little disconnected. Mostly C score is most commonly found at 14.40% of participants. This study shows that more than a half of the participants have a satisfying and a healthy sexual life.
Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in children: cascade screening from theory to practice
Authors: Galimova L. F. , Sadykova D. I. , Slastnikova E. S. , Usova N. E. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To conduct a cascade screening and to assess its effectiveness in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in children.Material and methods. The study was conducted from January 2017 to August 2018 on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital № 7 and the Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital (Kazan, the Republic of Tatarstan). It consisted of identifying index cases — primary patients with FH with further examination of first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old. In adults, the diagnosis was established according to Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria): FH was diagnosed with a score of ≥6. In children and adolescents <6 years of age, the Simon Broome Registry criteria were used.Results. During this period, 2542 case histories of patients with cardiovascular diseases were analyzed, of which 1220 people with a total cholesterol >5 mmol/L were selected. Next, a targeted screening was carried out aimed at the diagnosis of FH, as a result of which 61 index patients were identified. At the next stage, as a part of cascade screening, 87 first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old were examined. In 43 (49,4%) children, heterozygous HF was diagnosed, of which in 4 patients the disease was detected by re-examination after 1 year.Conclusion. Cascade screening is a necessary and effective method for the diagnosis of АР in first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old. All children of the index patients should be monitored or genetic testing necessary to rule out FH. Today, it is important to increase awareness among clinicians about the diagnosis of FH in adults and children.
Prediction of the long-term risk of adverse cardiovascular events after an episode of acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nikitina E. A. , Meletev I. S. , Soloviev O. V. , Chicherina E. N. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To determine independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events (ACE) and to develop a long-term (12 months) prognostic model after an episode of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Material and methods. The study included 120 T2D patients hospitalized due to ACS in the period from January 2016 to February 2017. All patients underwent standard diagnostic tests. Twelve months after ACS, the incidence of ACE in T2D patients was assessed: cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, emergency surgical revascularization. Additionally, we analyzed composite endpoint (CEP), including all of the adverse outcomes listed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=34) — patients with ACE; group 2 (n=86) — patients without ACE. Factors associated with the CEP were then included in the logistic regression to determine independent predictors of ACE. In order to predict the development of CEP in patients with ACS and T2D, a logit model was created. To process the model, a ROC analysis was performed.Results. Independent factors associated with ACE for 12 months in T2D patients after an ACS were established: MI of moderate severity (D.M. Aronov classification); hypertriglyceridemia; decreased heart rate variability (SDNN <0 ms); segments with significant coronary stenosis in the amount of ≥3; no surgical revascularization during acute MI. Based on independent factors, a logit model was developed for assessing 12-month risk of ACE in T2D patients after an ACS.Conclusion. The developed risk prediction model for T2D patients after ACS, based on accessible diagnostic tests, allows to determine the probability of ACE within 12 months.
Association of smoking status and smoking intensity with general and abdominal obesity in a sample of middle-aged men
Authors: Alexandrov A. A. , Rozanov V. B. , Dadaeva V. A. , Kotova M. B. , Ivanova E. I. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess the association of smoking status and smoking intensity with general and abdominal obesity in a sample of middle-a ged men.Material and methods. This study was conducted as a part of the 32-year prospective cohort observation of males from childhood (11-12 years of age). The study included 301 (30,0%) representatives of the initial population sample aged 41-44 years. Age, anthropometric parameters, relationship of smoking status and smoking intensity with general (overweight/obesity) and abdominal obesity were analyzed.Results. Overweight/obesity were more common in former smokers (78,1%) compared with non-smokers (58,7%; p<0,01). Abdominal obesity, estimated by the waist circumference (WC), was detected more often among former (57,5%) and current smokers (50,7%), and abdominal obesity, estimated by the waist-to-hip ratio, was more common among current smokers, compared with non-smokers (37,0%; p<0,01, p<0,05 and p<0,05 respectively). A direct linear relationship was found between the intensity of current smoking and indicators of abdominal obesity in terms of waist-to-hip ratio (P for trend=0,004) and a direct linear relationship between intensity of former smoking and general obesity estimated by BMI (P for trend = 0,001), and abdominal obesity estimated by waist-tohip ratio (P for trend=0,004). The probability of developing abdominal obesity in current smokers with WC≥94,0 cm and with waist-to-hip ratio ≥0,9 was 1,8 and 2 times higher, respectively, than in non-smokers, but lower compared to former smokers. The risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in former smokers was 2,5 and 2,3 times higher, respectively, than in non-smokers. The 10-year risk of fatal CVD in nonsmokers and former smokers was lower than in current smokers (0,8% and 0,9% vs 1,8%; p<0,001 and p<0,001, respectively).Conclusion. High intensity of smoking among current smokers is associated with a higher probability of developing abdominal obesity, and in former smokers — with a higher probability of developing general and abdominal obesity. Former smokers, compared to current smokers, are at a lower risk of developing fatal cardiovascular diseases. Smoking cessation activities should be aimed at minimizing weight gain after quitting smoking and developing tobacco control programs.
Angioplasty and carotid artery stenting: clinical and morphological factors affecting long-term outcomes
Authors: Shukurov F. B. , Bulgakova E. S. , Rudenko B. A. , Gavrilova N. E. , Tvorogova T. V. , Shanoyan A. S. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Feshchenko D. A. , Vasiliev D. K. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To identify clinical and morphological factors affecting the longterm outcomes of endovascular angioplasty and carotid artery stenting.Material and methods. The analysis included 198 patients after carotid artery stenting between 03.2014 and 05.2018. There were following inclusion criteria: (1) 50% of symptomatic or 70% of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of according to NASCET (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial) criteria; (2) follow-up for each patient for at least 1 year. Using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression, risk factors associated with adverse events were determined.Results. The incidence of major adverse events during the 12-month follow-up was 9,6% (n=19), including 4 (2%) major and 6 (3%) minor strokes, 7 (3,5%) cases of transient ischemic attack; one (0,5%) patient had transient blindness and one (0,5%) died in the long-term follow-up period due to acute cerebrovascular accident in the target arterial territory. Also, 11 (5,6%) patients had restenosis >50% after 12-month follow-up. Multivariate analysis showed that long-term outcomes were significantly affected by: age >70 years (odds ratio (OR)=1,27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,07-1,61 (p=0,01); using of open-cell stents (OR=1,02, 95% CI: 1,01-1,03 (p=0,034)); contralateral stenosis (OR=1,28, 95% CI: 1,05-1,57 (p=0,01); lesion length >15 mm (OR=1,46, 95% CI: 1,12-1,89 (p=0,01)); residual stenosis <30% (OR=1,38, 95% CI: 1,09-1,49 (p=0,012)); complicated atherosclerotic plaque (OR=1,78, 95% CI: 1,21- 2,34 (p=0,007)). The development of in-stent restenosis was significantly influenced by factors such as the residual stenosis ><30% (OR=1,26, 95% CI: 1,1-1,65; p=0,017) and severe plaque calcification (OR=1,24, 95% CI: 1,04-1,31; p=0,02). Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for more careful preparation for endovascular intervention. Such factors as the use of open-cell stents, contralateral stenosis, lesion length >< 30% (OR=1,38, 95% CI: 1,09-1,49 (p=0,012)); complicated atherosclerotic plaque (OR=1,78, 95% CI: 1,21- 2,34 (p=0,007)). The development of in-stent restenosis was significantly influenced by factors such as the residual stenosis <30% (OR=1,26, 95% CI: 1,1-1,65; p=0,017) and severe plaque calcification (OR=1,24, 95% CI: 1,04-1,31; p=0,02).Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for more careful preparation for endovascular intervention. Such factors as the use of open-cell stents, contralateral stenosis, lesion length >15 mm, and residual stenosis < 30% may be associated with an increased risk of adverse events.
Questionnaires and scores for assessing medication adherence — advantages and disadvantages of the diagnostic method in research and actual clinical practice
Authors: Lukina Yu. V. , Kutishenko N. P. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2020

The problem of medication adherence is still relevant, and the search for a reliable method for its diagnosis continues. One of the most convenient and promising ways to assess medication adherence, both in research and actual clinical practice, is the use of various questionnaires and scores. Currently, several dozen different questionnaires and scores are presented in Russia and other countries. All of them are indirect methods of adherence assessment and are characterized by subjectivity. The article presents data on the most famous and widely used foreign adherence scales (the 4- and 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4 and MMAS-8), Hill-Bone, SEAMS, BMQ, MARS, etc.) and several questionnaires proposed by Russian authors (the National Society of Evidence-based Pharmacotherapy Adherence Scale, the Quantitative Adherence Questionnaire and the National Questionnaire of Treatment Compliance). The main characteristics of the described scales, their advantages, disadvantages and prospects for use in studies and clinical practice are considered. There are following conclusions: 1) none of the current questionnaires is devoid of subjectivity; 2) almost all questionnaires overestimate medication adherence, do not fully diagnose nonadherence, and often determine only specific type of adherence; 3) even validated questionnaires, which used in patients with different diseases in various countries, can have different values of sensitivity, specificity and reliability — from excellent to very poor; 4) in this regard, the results should be skeptically and cautiously interpreted; 5) in actual clinical practice, preference should be given to concise scales that include no more than 10 questions, with a simple scoring system, preferably validated with using well-known criteria from large clinical trials; 6) to improve the diagnosis accuracy, usage of several available methods for assessing medication adherence is recommended.
Population-based preventive measures aimed at reducing alcohol consumption: international practice and prospects for escalating measures in the Russian Federation
Authors: Myrzamatova A. O. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Gorny B. E. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To conduct a review of international studies and guidelines on the implementation of population-based preventive measures aimed at reducing alcohol consumption, and identify measures recommended by the World Health Organization, which have the potential for use in the Russian Federation.Material and methods. We used the following databases: PubMed, Science Citation Index, Scopus, The Campbell Collaboration Library of Systematic Reviews. The review includes systematic and non-systematic studies of measures related to alcohol consumption. The effectiveness of the identified measures was assessed according to the following criteria: behavioral changes (consumption/sales/level); incidence changes; mortality changes.Results. According to international practice of population-based prevention, effective measures that can be implemented in the Russian Federation include reducing the blood alcohol concentration legal driving limit, increasing the minimum legal drinking age, a complete ban on alcohol advertising, and a further increase in excise taxes.Conclusion. In the Russian Federation, significant progress has been achieved in implementing alcohol restriction measures, which has led to a reduction in its consumption and related consequences. Despite this, levels of alcohol consumption remain high and the potential for introducing population-based measures to reduce it has not been exhausted.
Influence of pulse-plasma modification of VK10KS solid alloy surface by titanium and boron on its structure and properties
Authors: Oskolkova T. N. , Simachev A. S. 
Published: July 2020

Modification of the surface of VK10KS solid alloy with titanium alongside with boron by the method of pulse-plasma exposure (electro-explosive alloying) is considered. In this case, a superhard (27,500 MPa nanohardness) layer is formed with a thickness of 2.0 – 2.5 μm and a low (μ = 0.10) friction coefficient compared to the friction coefficient of a hard alloy in the sintered state (μ = 0.41). This layer consists of finely dispersed high-hard phases TiB2, (Ti, W)C, W2C (according to scanning, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis). Below is a hardened (with a nanohardness of 17,000 MPa) surface layer (heat affected zone) 10 – 15 μm thick, identified by W2C and WC carbides and alloyed with a cobalt binder. This layer smoothly passes into the base. By profilometric studies it was established that after electroexplosive alloying with titanium and boron, the roughness increases (Ra = 2.00 μm) compared to the initial one (Ra = 1.32 μm), but remains within the specifications (Ra = 2.50 μm). The authors have revealed changes that occur in the surface carbide and near-surface cobalt phases during electroexplosive alloying. In the carbide phase, accumulations of dislocations were indicated. In the cobalt binder, deformation bands (slip bands), single dislocations, and also finely dispersed tungsten carbide precipitates were found. This change can be explained by stabilization of the cubic modification of cobalt, the crystal lattice of which has a large number of slip planes during deformation and a greater ability to harden compared to the hexagonal modification of cobalt. Additional alloying with a cobalt binder will positively affect the operational stability of tungsten carbide alloys as a whole due to their stabilization.
Innovative development of the regions and multiplier-based performance impact assessment of local resources
Authors: Bayzakov S. B. , Uandykova M. K. 
Published: July 2020

One of the most important tasks of innovative development of a country and its regions is building an innovative vector of development essential for reaching a competitive level and economic growth. The authors have explored tasks and issues and tasks connected with quantitative explanation of still unresolved dependence of export-oriented countries’ economic growth on export volumes and prices in the foreign market. They used a three- way model of innovative development to study the productivity of resources in different areas of development.As a result of their research the authors introduced a different approach to the notion of innovative development. It allows researchers to view it as a system and integrity in three co-related directions: technique and technology, currency and finance, and society and politics. Thus, they have the opportunity to estimate how much each sector of national (regional) economy individually and all of them together contribute to the economic growth. This approach provides the opportunity to examine the basic holistically co-related directions which allow measuring the level of innovative development, estimating the economy’s innovativeness, determining and viewing differently the innovative paradigm. The authors used mathematical model to study and introduce productivities of major types of resources. They point out that effective functioning of economy (including financial) makes it possible to develop industries gradually and to smooth out economic development of the regions, to avoid structural shifts and disproportions in economy which finally results in the possibility of productive implementation of programs of the country’s innovative development.The authors have systematically studied the correlation between the productivity of resources and the achievement of systematic multiplier effect (there is no wide research found on this problem, the authors dealt with individual indicators of multiplier effect)
Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes of Veneers Made at Kurdistan Board of Restorative Dentistry/ Sulaymaniyah Center; A Retrospective Study
Authors: Raof Pinar , Alzahawi Abdulsalam 
Published: July 2020

Objective: To evaluate veneers made at Kurdistan board of restorative dentistry/ Sulaymaniyah center, regarding their mechanical (debonding, marginal adaptation, and fracture of restorations), biological (gingival index, gingival recession, postoperative sensitivity, and secondary caries), and esthetical (color matching, with marginal discoloration) qualities.
Methods: One hundred and ten units of veneers applied to 15 patients were selected and evaluated according to clinical evaluation parameters from modified United States public health service criteria (USPHS) and FDI criteria. After signing informed consent, each patient was recalled and had the mechanical, biological, and esthetic aspects of their veneers clinically examined by the dental mirror, sharp explorer, periodontal probe, and visual inspection.
Results: Overall, the veneers made at the Kurdistan board of restorative dentistry/ Sulaymaniyah center were considered to be successful restorations with a high survival rate (97.2%) as only three veneers were found to have failed. And most of the patients, n= 94 (85.4%), were very satisfied with the color of their restorations. A total of 45 units of veneers (40.9%) were found to have mild gingivitis, while 14 units of veneers (12.7%) were found to have postoperative sensitivity. Only seven units of veneers (6.3%) were found to have secondary caries.
Conclusions: Veneers made and fitted in the Kurdistan board of restorative dentistry/ Sulaymaniyah center were found to have an acceptable prognosis and longevity regarding their success rate and patient satisfaction.