bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEBULIZED GLYCOPYRRONIUM AND FORMOTEROL, BUDESONIDE AEROSOL AERODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT WITH VIBRATING MESH AND COMPRESSOR AIR NEBULIZER: ANDERSON CASCADE IMPACTOR STUDY
Authors: Menon Mala , Naik Isha , Rajawat Gopal Singh , Nagarsenker Mangal , Krishnaprasad Korukonda 
Published: November 2019

Vibrating mesh nebulizers (VMN) demonstrate improved efficiency for delivery of inhaled aerosol solutions or suspensions as compared to compressor devices. The added advantages of compactness, portability and functioning as noise-free device makes them of incremental value in Home or Ambulatory settings while managing Severe Obstructive airway disease or delivery of maintenance medications in these cases. This further circumvents the need for multiple devices thereby further improving patient compliance and convenience while delivering acute or maintenance formulations including Glycopyrronium (GLY) and Formoterol (FRM)/Budesonide(BUD) nebulizing solution formulations. To further assess the clinical role and feasibility of FRM-BUD formulation delivery kinetics with or without GLY nebulizing solution through VMN and jet nebulizers for In- & outpatient settings, 2 comparative in-vitro lung deposition studies were carried out utilizing Anderson Cascade impactor at 30 L/min; deposited drug concentrations in different stages were suitably collected and estimated by HPLC. Post-hoc analyses with p<0.05 was considered statistically significant for intergroup differences on FRM/BUD and GLY delivered through VMN or Compressor devices. The calculated mean fine particle dose for FRM & BUD delivered by VMN or jet nebulizer showed no statistical difference. However the mean fine particle fraction for BUD delivered by VMN was significantly better compared to jet nebulizer than that for FRM. The Residual volume at 10 mins was significantly higher with jet nebulizer. The optimal APSD for GLY nebulizing solution admixture with FRM/BUD suspension delivered through VMN and Jet nebulizer offers a clinically relevant strategy for High risk COPD cases in Acute or Home settings.
Synthesis, Characterization, in vivo acute toxicity and superoxide anion scavenging evaluation of new isatin-hydrazone
Authors: Mokhnache Kamel , Karbab Ahlem , Madoui Soraya , Khither Hanane , Soltani EL-Khamsa , Charef Noureddine 
Published: November 2019

A new isatin-hydrazone (I); N'-[(E)-(5-bromo-1H- indol-3-yl) methylidene] pyridine-4-carbohydrazide was prepared from the condensation reaction of 5-bromo-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde and the anti-tubercular drug; isoniazid, in the presence of acetic acid. The obtained hydrazone was identified and characterized by physico-chemical techniques such as melting point, IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the acute toxicity was evaluated using mice. The antioxidant of I was evaluated against superoxide anion radical. Our biological results indicate low toxicity of I at the high dose of 1000 mg/kg, and high superoxide anion scavenging effect with inhibition percentage of 82.57 % and IC50 138.78 µg/mL.
Keyword: hydrazone, toxicity, antioxidant, superoxide anion
A Review on Mouth Dissolving Film
Authors: Pawar Rajat , Sharma Ravi , Sharma Pravin , Darwhekar G.N. 
Published: November 2019

Mouth dissolving film is the most advanced oral solid dosage form due to its flexibility and comfort in use. Mouth dissolving films are oral solid dosage form that disintegrate and dissolve within a minute when placed in mouth without taking water or chewing. This dosage form allows the medication to bypass the first pass metabolism so bioavailability of medication may be improved .Mouth dissolving film has potential to improve onset of action lower the dosing and eliminate the fear of chocking. Formulation of mouth dissolving films involves both the visual and performance characteristics as plasticized hydrocolloids, API taste masking agents are being laminated by solvent casting and semisolid casting method. Solvent casting method being the most preferred method over other methods because it offers great uniformity of thickness and films prepared having fine glossy look and better physical properties. Mouth dissolving films are evaluated for its various parameters like thickness, physical property like folding endurance, disintegration and dissolution time. This review gives an idea about formulation techniques, evaluation parameters, overview on packaging and some available marketed products of mouth dissolving films.
Keywords: Mouth dissolving film, solvent casting, fast disintegration
Formulation and Evaluation of Orodispersible Tablet of Atorvastatin Calcium by Using Hibiscus rosa sinesis Mucilage as Natural Superdisintegrant
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Bhadoria Juhi , Darwhekar G.N. 
Published: November 2019

Orodispersible tablets (ODTs), also known as fast melt, quick melts, fast disintegrating have the unique property of disintegrating in the mouth in seconds without chewing and the need of water. Oral bioavailability of Atorvastatin Calcium is low (14%) and shows extensive intestinal clearance and first-pass metabolism, which is the main cause for the low systemic availability. In the present work, orodispersible tablets of Atorvastatin calcium were prepared by direct compression method using Hibiscus rosa sinesis mucilage as natural superdisintegrant with a view to enhance patient compliance and to avoid hepatic first pass metabolism and to improve its bioavailability. The prepared batches of tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, drug content uniformity, wetting time, water-absorption ratio and in-vitro dispersion time. Short-term stability studies on the promising formulation indicated that there are no significant changes in drug content and in vitro dispersion time.
Keywords: Orodispersible tablet, Atorvastatin Calcium, lipid-lowering agent, Superdisintegrant, Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis, Bioavailability, solubility.
Bio-Analytical Method Development of Repaglinide Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Ramu B. , Chandrul Kaushal K , Pandiyan P. Shanmuga 
Published: November 2019

A sensitive, specific and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectroscopy method was developed and successfully validated to estimate the repaglinide in rabbit plasma. The solvent extraction method was used for repaglinide from serum by using ethyl acetate and 0.1N HCl. The mobile phase consists of acetonitrile: phosphate buffer pH 4.0 at 60:40 %v/v with 1% triethylamine at flow rate of 0.8ml/min and at fixed wavelength of 254nm. On ten minutes of run time, repaglinide was retention at 7.4min. The extraction efficiency 95% for repaglinide. The intra-day and inter-day precision was in the terms of %RSD less than 1.76%. The developed method was validated and proposed method is useful for pharmacokinetics studies.
Keywords: Anti-diabetics, HPLC,Methanol,Phosphate buffer, Repaglinide
Formulation Development of Porous Mannitol carrier: Improving the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs
Authors: Shah Sharmila , Bodhe Roshan , Gorle Ashish 
Published: November 2019

Major challenges in the design of oral dosage forms are their low solubility and low bioavailability. Improving the dissolution of these oral dosage forms are one of the most challenging tasks for the formulation scientists as most of the drug candidates are highly lipophilic in nature. Telmisartan and Ezetimibe belongs to the BCS class II, having high lipophilicity, poor water solubility and poor dissolution. The objective of this work was to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs by using porous carrier drug delivery system. Templating based spray drying methodology was used to prepare porous mannitol. Drug (Telmisartan, Ezetimibe) loaded porous mannitol carriers then characterized by P-XRD, DSC, SEM, BET surface area analysis and ATR-FTIR. ATR-FTIR studies showed complete removal of templating agent from carrier. P-XRD and DSC studies confirmed nano- confinement of drug in crystalline form. In vitro dissolution study results indicated that porous mannitol prepared using tartaric acid as templating agent showed significant improvement in dissolution rate than pure drugs and respective physical mixtures .These results suggest that, these porous carriers can be useful as drug carriers for improving the dissolution of lipophilic drugs.
Keywords: Templating agent, Spray drying, Mannitol, Surface area, Tartaric acid.
Accounting Information Aggregation and Managerial Cooperation
Authors: Marinich Eric 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Managers in decentralized organizations often face incentives against cooperation. In these situations, accounting information can increase cooperation when it reveals the cooperativeness of other managers' prior actions. The extent to which accounting information reveals other managers' prior actions, however, can depend on its aggregation. This study provides theory-consistent experimental evidence of the effects of accounting information aggregation on managerial cooperation when managers face incentives against cooperation. Based on the psychology theory of non-consequential reasoning, I predict and find that managerial cooperation is higher when accounting information is aggregated than when it is disaggregated. When accounting information is aggregated and does not reveal the cooperativeness of managers' prior actions, individuals frame the decision to cooperate as a group decision and prefer cooperation because it is the only action that leads to the best group outcome.
JEL Classifications: D81; M4.
Selection of electrodes for monitoring protection systems of ships’ steel hulls and machinery
Authors: Ястребов Дмитрий , Yastrebov Dmitry , Белов Олег , Belov Oleg , Швецов Владимир , Shvetsov Vladimir , Белавина Ольга , Belavina Olga 
Published: November 2019

The article considers the problems of ship structures exposed to adverse conditions, which contribute to the failure of important mechanisms and reduce the service life of steel parts
of machines. One of the most important reasons for the ship structures wear is corrosion. The experience of choosing the electrodes to control the sacrificial protection systems on board ships is presented. There are presented the results of measuring the potential of the hull of the boat ROOM 52-22 at a given control point, using a multimeter MASTECH MY 62 and two control electrodes. The first control electrode is of in-house design; it was made of electric carbon product for electric machines. A standard portable silver chloride reference electrode was used as a second electrode. Both electrodes have been in operation for 3 years. The vessel under consideration was in a long-term parking mode. Control measurements were performed from 23.05 - 07.07.2019, while monitoring the potential of the hull three times a day using several parallel measurements. The time interval between parallel potential measurements made ≈ 5 seconds. The potential of the hull was measured by a specially trained operator. The accuracy of measurements was estimated using the coefficient of variation. Analysis of the studies justified that the accuracy of the control results of the protective anticorrosion systems on ships depends on the choice of the type of control electrode. It has been found that the efficiency of the silver chloride electrode has a strong impact on its operation life. The results of full-scale corrosion studies can be used by ship crews to justify the selection
of control electrodes.
Usługi informacyjne w zakresie nowego zintegrowanego planowania jako czynnik determinujący rozwój przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Stelmach-Fita Beata , Pękalska Monika , Bartoszczuk Paweł 
Published: November 2019

Artykuł omawia potrzebę monitorowania oraz udostępniania informacji o zjawiskach społeczno- gospodarczych i przestrzennych w Polsce na poziomie regionalnym, które obecnie są rozproszone i publikowane w różnorodnej formie. Informacje te mają wymiar wielofunkcyjny, wpływają na decyzje podmiotów publicznych, gospodarczych, przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych czy zwykłych obywateli. Odpowiednio uporządkowana wiedza o regionie może stać się impulsem do tworzenia terytorialnych form organizacji działalności gospodarczej. Głównym celem badań jest ocena wsparcia informacyjnego dla rozwoju społeczno- gospodarczego i przestrzennego oraz ocena metod monitorowania zmian społeczno-gospodarczych i przestrzennych, wspierających ideę zintegrowanego planowania. Autorzy prezentują w niniejszym artykule wyniki cząstkowych badań jakościowych podjętych przez B. Stelmach-Fitę w 2010 roku i kontynuowanych w poszerzonym zakresie od 2016 roku. Badania wspólne rozpoczęto od wywiadów z przedstawicielami urzędów marszałkowskich (odpowiedzialnych za planowanie rozwoju) i analiz portali. Następnie przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe skierowane do trzech jednostek 16 wymienionych urzędów. Autorzy wnioskują, że zidentyfikowane problemy wynikają z wadliwego stanu prawnego i proponują utworzenie nowego typu planu o cechach regulacyjno-operacyjnych dla obszaru całej gminy, wytycznych do sporządzania planu zagospodarowania przestrzennego województw. Wykazano możliwości technologiczne i organizacyjne udostępniania dodatkowych zbiorów danych przestrzennych, pod warunkiem dostosowania ich do wymagań regionalnych infrastruktur informacji przestrzennej oraz przygotowania i wprowadzenia odpowiednich mechanizmów prawnych. Istnieje potrzeba kontynuacji badań.
Occipitocervical fixation using Ransford loop for neglected posttraumatic odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial dislocation: A technical note
Authors: Sinurat Robert 
Published: November 2019

Background:
To relieve the onset of new clinical symptoms, it is important to recognize and treat previously neglected odontoid fractures. However, many hospitals in developing countries do not have the equipment or surgical expertise to adequately manage these lesions.

Case Description:
A 31-year-old male presented with paresthesias/quadriparesis attributed to an accident sustained 6 months earlier. The cervical magnetic resonance image revealed atlantoaxial subluxation type 2. Following a laminectomy and occipitocervical fusion with a Ransford loop, the patient’s symptoms significantly improved.

Conclusion:
Straight forward laminectomy and occipitocervical fusion with a Ransford loop may adequately treat selected cases of neglected atlantoaxial subluxation in a developing country.
Knowledge and Experience About Medical Emergencies among Dental Interns In Bangalore City
Authors: Arun Paul  , Gulam Anwar Naviwala  , Deepa Prakash  
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Medical emergencies are very frequent in dental setting. It is imperative to judiciously manage these situation in clinical setting. Having correct knowledge about the medical emergencies and the management methods are crucial successful clinical practice.
AIM: To assess the knowledge and experience about medical Emergencies among Dental interns in Bangalore City.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among 350 dental Interns from sixteen dental colleges in Bangalore City using a structured questionnaire consisting of 14 item questions.
RESULTS: Syncope being the most commonly encountered medical emergency (79.14%), followed by hypoglycaemia(17.14%). About 49.71% respondents considered medical emergency training was moderate. 98% of them think that medical emergencies training is important. Knowledge of the presence of drugs and equipments in the emergency drug kit and the confidence with regard to using them was not satisfactory.
CONCLUSION: Dental graduates had a superficial knowledge of management of medical emergencies and use of drugs and equipments.
EFEKTIVITAS BUNGA WIJAYA KUSUMA (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM URAT TIKUS WISTAR
Authors: Yuan Rahayu Artini 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The isolation of wijaya kusuma (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) flower was carried out in this study. Methanol was applied to maceration an 27 g sample of extract its was produced from 250 g of sample powder. In vivo test results, methanol extract of wijaya kusuma flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) dose of 100 mg / kg BB, 200 mg / kg BB, and 400 mg / kg BW can decreasing uric acid concentration. From this research, it was obtained that the best dose of extract of wijaya kusuma flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) applied to decrease uric acid was 400 mg/Kg BW with a decrease percentage of 63,50%. The probit test results obtained the value of ED50 methanol extract of wijaya kusuma flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum) of 221 mg / Kg BB. In this study it can be concluded that soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata L.) can reduce uric acid levels in research mice. For future research, this method could be applied to human in decreasing uric acid concentration in blood.Keywords: kusuma wijaya flower (Epiphyllum oxypetalum), extraction, maceration, and uric acid.
Pemeriksaan Jumlah Kapang Sebagai Indikator Kualitas Terasi Di Pasar Tambaksari Surabaya
Authors: Artanti Dita 
Published: November 2019

The main problem that occurs in the community is the lack of awareness of the importance of hygiene during the manufacture and storage of shrimp paste. This can trigger one of the contaminations originating from microorganisms including mold. The aimed of this study was to determine the number of molds as an indicator of shrimp paste quality in the Tambaksari market in Surabaya. This research is descriptive. The population of this research is shrimp paste traders in Tambaksari market in Surabaya. The research variable is the number of molds in the shrimp paste in the packaging without a brand in the Tambaksari market in Surabaya. Data on the number of molds was tabulated and analyzed descriptively by calculating the percentage of samples that were of good quality and not good. The results of the research on the number of mold colonies on shrimp paste sold in the Tambaksari market in Surabaya showed that the number of mold colonies in shrimp paste samples was safe to consumed because the amount was <2 x 102 colonies / gr, the average percentage of all shrimp paste samples was 100% good quality. The highest growth rate of mold colonies was 19 x 101 colonies / gr and the lowest growth rate of mold colonies was 0 x 101 colony / gr. Keywords : The Number of Mold, Shrimp paste
Rusya Federasyonu Yargı Sistemi
Authors: ABDULLAHZADE Cavid , HÜSEYİNOĞLU Emin , ERDEM Murat 
Published: November 2019

Rusya Federasyonu’nun yargı sistemi, temel olarak Rusya Federasyonu
Anayasası’nda ve Rusya Federasyonu Yargı Sistemi Hakkında Federal Anayasal Kanun’da düzenlenmiştir. Günümüzde, Rusya Federasyonu yargı sistemi,
Anayasa Mahkemesi, Yüksek Mahkeme, genel yetkili federal mahkemeler,
federe birimler anayasa (kurucu belge) mahkemeleri ve federe birimlerin
sulh mahkemelerinden oluşmaktadır. Bu anlamda, Rusya Federasyonu yargı
sistemi kendine özgü özellikler taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, sistemin
yapısı ve işleyişi hakkında bilgilendirme ve Rusya Federasyonu yargısına
ilişkin yapılacak akademik çalışmalara kaynak sunmaktır.
Prevalence of Depression among Residents of old age homes in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sapkota N , Khadka B , Tiwari A , Poudel A 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Geriatric depression is emerging mental disorder with old age. The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of depression among residents of elderly homes in Eastern Nepal and to measure the severity of the symptoms of depressive disorders.
Material And Method: This study involved residents of old age homes in four different districts of Eastern Nepal, the participants were heterogeneous with diverse cultural background and ethnicity. All elderly people of age 60 years and above living in the old age homes were at first informed about the rationale of our study, we took the informed verbal(as most of the subjects were illiterate) or written consent before going through our questionnaire which was translated into Nepali language by a panel of translators using repeated “forward backward procedure.” General Health questionnaire was applied to all subjects. Geriatric Depression scale (GDS) was then applied to those subjects whose score on GHQ-12 was ≥6 and the categorization of the subjects as normal, mild depressives or severe depressives was done.
Results: A total of 62 elderly people of 60 years and above from aforementioned old age homes were enrolled in our study, out of which, 48.38% of the respondents belong to age group of 60-69 years , 27.4% belong to the age group 70-79 and 24.2 % were 80 years and above. Out of total respondents, 56.46% showed normal mental status on our GHQ scale while 43.54% were screened to have some sorts of psychological problems. The GDS detected them with mild and severe depressive symptoms. Out of which, 81.48% had mild depressive symptoms while 18.52% were severe depressive symptoms. Prevalence of depression was found to be significantly related to family history of mental illness.
Conclusion: Most of the people living in the old age home in Eastern Nepal are found to have depressive symptoms among which majority have mild depressive symptoms and few have severe depressive symptoms. It depicts the miserable mental health of the elderly people in old age home.
Addiction psychiatry training experience, belief about addiction and brief screening for substance use among medical interns: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Pokhrel P , Rai N , Thapaliya S , Shah B , Singh SB , Sah MK , Khadka D , Sharma PP 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Substance use and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) have been shown to contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. However health workers belief system and attitude towards understanding and conceptualizing addiction makes the difference in the approach and treatment of the condition. This study tries to focus on the understanding and belief system of medical interns, and to see and contrast if their use of substance and their training about addiction during MBBS makes any difference in understanding and approaching addiction related cases.
Material And Method: This is a cross- sectional, onetime assessment of medical interns working in KIST medical college and teaching hospital based on questionnaires and likert scale assessing addiction belief strength from time frame of April 2019 to 15th of May 2019. The sampling method will be convenient sampling method and finding will be evaluated further.
Results: Out of 61 participants, 69% had completed psychiatry posting and were satisfied with their approach to patients with addiction related issues. Majority of them believed in disease model and their use of substance didn’t negatively influence the approach to patient care.
Conclusion: Good exposure, training and skills given to students during MBBS years on addiction related diagnosis and treatment does help to understand addiction issues better and treat it as a biological model.