bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infliximab, adalimumab and vedolizumab concentrations across pregnancy and vedolizumab concentrations in infants following intrauterine exposure
Authors: Flanagan Emma , Gibson Peter R. , Wright Emily K. , Moore Gregory T. , Sparrow Miles P. , Connell William , Kamm Michael A. , Begun Jakob , Christensen Britt , De Cruz Peter , Shelton Edward , Dowling Damian , Andrews Jane M. , Brown Steven J. , Niewiadomski Olga , Ward Mark G. , Rosella Ourania , Rosella Gennaro , Kiburg Katerina V. , Ross Alyson L. , Bell Sally J. ,   The PICCOLO Study Group
Published: October 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe impact of pregnancy on levels of biologic agents in patients with IBD is undefined and time to elimination in vedolizumab‐exposed infants is unknown.AimsTo determine the effect of pregnancy on infliximab, adalimumab and vedolizumab levels and to study infant vedolizumab clearanceMethodsIn a prospective observational study, maternal drug levels were measured pre‐conception, in each trimester, at delivery and postpartum. The association between drug levels and gestation in weeks was assessed using generalised estimating equation modelling. Infant vedolizumab levels were performed at birth (cord blood), 6 weeks and 3 months or until undetectable.ResultsWe included 50 IBD patients (23 on infliximab, 15 on adalimumab and 12 on vedolizumab) with at least two intrapartum observations, plus 5 patients on vedolizumab with only mother and baby samples at delivery. Modelling showed no change in adalimumab levels, an increase in infliximab levels of 0.16 (95% CI 0.08‐0.24) µg/L/week (P < 0.001) and a decrease of 0.18 (95% CI: −0.33 to −0.02) µg/L/week (P = 0.03) for vedolizumab. In 17 mother‐baby pairs, median infant vedolizumab levels at birth were lower than maternal levels (P < 0.05) with an infant:maternal ratio of 0.7 (IQR 0.5‐0.9). Vedolizumab was undetectable between 15 and 16 weeks of age in all 12 infants completing follow‐up testing.ConclusionsDuring pregnancy, adalimumab levels remain stable, while infliximab levels increase and vedolizumab levels decrease. However, the increments were small suggesting that intrapartum therapeutic drug monitoring and dose adjustment are not indicated. Unlike infliximab and adalimumab, infant vedolizumab levels are lower in cord blood than in mothers and appear to clear rapidly.
Love is heterosexual‐by‐default: Cultural heterosexism in default prototypes of romantic love
Authors: Thorne Sapphira R. , Hegarty Peter , Hepper Erica G. 
Published: October 2020

Cultural heterosexist ideologies assume heterosexuality to be the default norm. Four studies investigated when concepts of romantic love are heterosexual‐by‐default (N = 685). In Studies 1–2, participants generated features of romantic love, in general (i.e., the default prototype) or among one of three sexual orientation‐specific couples (lesbian, gay, or heterosexual). Heterosexual‐identified participants’ default prototypes were more similar to heterosexual than same‐gender prototypes (Study 1). Lesbian‐ and gay‐identified participants’ default prototypes were more similar to both heterosexual and gay male than lesbian prototypes, whereas bisexual‐identified participants’ sexual orientation‐specific prototypes were equivalently similar to the default (Study 2). However, heterosexual‐identified participants rated presented features of love similarly across sexual orientation‐specific conditions (Study 3). In a timed feature‐verification task (Study 4), participants categorized fewer peripheral features of romantic love as relevant to same‐gender than mixed‐gender couples. Activating sexual orientation‐specific representations affected subsequent default concepts of romantic love. We discuss implications for heterosexism theories and intervention.
Predicting adverse drug reactions of two‐drug combinations using structural and transcriptomic drug representations to train an artificial neural network
Authors: Shankar Susmitha , Bhandari Ishita , Okou David T. , Srinivasa Gowri , Athri Prashanth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are pharmacological events triggered by drug interactions with various sources of origin including drug–drug interactions. While there are many computational studies that explore models to predict ADRs originating from single drugs, only a few of them explore models that predict ADRs from drug combinations. Further, as far as we know, none of them have developed models using transcriptomic data, specifically the LINCS L1000 drug‐induced gene expression data to predict ADRs for drug combinations. In this study, we use the TWOSIDES database as a source of ADRs originating from two‐drug combinations. 34,549 common drug pairs between these two databases were used to train an artificial neural network (ANN), to predict 243 ADRs that were induced by at least 10% of the drug pairs. Our model predicts the occurrence of these ADRs with an average accuracy of 82% across a multifold cross‐validation.
Multiple Temporalities of Household Labour: The Challenge of Assessing Women's Empowerment
Authors: Simon Gregory L. , Peterson Cody , Anderson Emily , Berve Brendan , Caturia Marcelle , Rivera Isaac 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThe economic empowerment of women remains a central feature of development projects worldwide. This article explores these empowerment aspirations by examining various temporal complexities related to two development projects in South India targeting individual cooking and fuel‐collection routines. It argues that three temporal considerations of household labour — polychronic time, collectivized time and hybrid labour/leisure time — are largely overlooked, thus challenging the appropriateness of empowerment strategies from the outset. By highlighting key household dynamics this study argues that efforts to pursue economic empowerment by members of the clean cookstove sector devalue unpaid labour and glorify waged work that is often tedious and mediated by powerful men. Further, waged work can be burdensomely added to pre‐existing unpaid domestic labour responsibilities. This common portrayal of empowerment by the clean cookstove sector can be viewed as facilitating the advancement of a neoliberal vision of rural women's livelihoods where empowerment and agency are reconfigured and incorporated into the problematic wage relations of capitalist economies. This view of empowerment, which privileges market participation, also overlooks many of the actually experienced positive effects of improved stoves; benefits which tend to be domestic, communal, routine, non‐economic and difficult to quantify. The article argues that conventional definitions and visions of ‘empowerment’ should be re‐evaluated to include forms of ‘mundane agency’.
“Hello group, I need advice”: A Textual Analysis of Black Fathers' Help‐Seeking Posts on Facebook
Authors: McLeod PhD, MSW Branden A. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo explore the types of advice and help that Black fathers seek from one another on a Facebook group dedicated to fathers.BackgroundResearch demonstrates that Black men are less likely to seek help from formal supports when dealing with life stressors. Informal supports, such as social networks, can help facilitate access to formal support services. Parents use social media for social support; yet a dearth of research exists that explores how Black fathers use social media for social support.MethodsA keyword search for “advice” amassed 137 Facebook posts generated by 134 fathers. An inductive textual analysis assisted in interpreting fathers' posts to explore prominent themes.ResultsEighty percent of all posts addressed five dominant themes for advice, including family expansion, financial matters, maternal gatekeeping, navigating family relationship conflict, and raising children and child development.ConclusionThis study finds that Black fathers' express their strengths to one another and present nuanced familial challenges via social media.ImplicationsFormal service systems should consider supplementing existing services and encourage virtual and informal social support networks. Informal and virtual social support networks could be convened and moderated by fathers in a grassroots format.
New forest biomass carbon stock estimates in Northeast Asia based on multisource data
Authors: Luo Weixue , Kim Hyun Seok , Zhao Xiuhai , Ryu Daun , Jung Ilbin , Cho Hyunkook , Harris Nancy , Ghosh Sayon , Zhang Chunyu , Liang Jingjing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractForests play an important role in both regional and global C cycles. However, the spatial patterns of biomass C density and underlying factors in Northeast Asia remain unclear. Here, we characterized spatial patterns and important drivers of biomass C density for Northeast Asia, based on multisource data from in situ forest inventories, as well as remote sensing, bioclimatic, topographic, and human footprint data. We derived, for the first time, high‐resolution (1 km × 1 km) maps of the current and future forest biomass C density for this region. Based on these maps, we estimated that current biomass C stock in northeastern China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Republic of Korea to be 2.53, 0.40, and 0.35 Pg C, respectively. Biomass C stock in Northeast Asia has increased by 20%–46% over the past 20 years, of which 40%–76% was contributed by planted forests. We estimated the biomass C stock in 2080 to be 6.13 and 6.50 Pg C under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, which exceeded the present region‐wide C stock value by 2.85–3.22 Pg C, and were 8%–14% higher than the baseline C stock value (5.70 Pg C). The spatial patterns of biomass C densities were found to vary greatly across the Northeast Asia, and largely decided by mean diameter at breast height, dominant height, elevation, and human footprint. Our results suggest that reforestation and forest conservation in Northeast Asia have effectively expanded the size of the carbon sink in the region, and sustainable forest management practices such as precision forestry and close forest monitoring for fire and insect outbreaks would be important to maintain and improve this critical carbon sink for Northeast Asia.
A novel method to purify neutrophils enables functional analysis of zebrafish hematopoiesis
Authors: Konno Katsuhiro , Kulkeaw Kasem , Sasada Manabu , Nii Takenobu , Kaneyuki Ayako , Ishitani Tohru , Arai Fumio , Sugiyama Daisuke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractZebrafish is a useful model to study vertebrate hematopoiesis, but lack of antibodies to zebrafish proteins has limited purification of hematopoietic cells. Here, we purified neutrophils from larval and adult zebrafish using the lectin Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin (PHA‐E) and DRAQ5, a DNA‐staining fluorescent dye. In adult kidney marrow, we purified neutrophil‐like PHA‐E4low DRAQ5low cells, which neutrophil‐type granules. Specifically, at 96‐hr post‐fertilization, we sorted large‐sized cells from larvae using forward scatter and found that they consisted of PHA‐Elow DRAQ5low populations. These cells had myeloperoxidase activity, were Sudan Black B‐positive and expressed high levels of neutrophil‐specific (csf3r and mpx) mRNAs, all neutrophil characteristics. Using this method, we conducted functional analysis suggesting that zyxin (Zyx) plays a role in neutrophil generation in zebrafish larvae. Overall, PHA‐E and DRAQ5‐based flow cytometry serves as a tool to purify zebrafish neutrophils.
Characterization and prognostic significance of alternative splicing events in lower‐grade diffuse gliomas
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Li Guan‐Zhang , Liu Yu‐Qing , Huang Ruo‐Yu , Wang Kuan‐Yu , Jiang Hao‐Yu , Li Ren‐Peng , Chai Rui‐Chao , Zhang Chuan‐Bao , Wu Fan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) is assumed to play important roles in the progression and prognosis of cancer. Currently, the comprehensive analysis and clinical relevance of AS in lower‐grade diffuse gliomas have not been systematically addressed. Here, we gathered alternative splicing data of lower‐grade diffuse gliomas from SpliceSeq. Based on the Percent Spliced In (PSI) values of 515 lower‐grade diffuse glioma patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed subtype‐differential AS analysis and consensus clustering to determine robust clusters of patients. A total of 48 050 AS events in 10 787 genes in lower‐grade diffuse gliomas were profiled. Subtype‐differential splicing analysis and functional annotation revealed that spliced genes were significantly enriched in numerous cancer‐related biological phenotypes and signalling pathways. Consensus clustering using AS events identified three robust clusters of patients with distinguished pathological and prognostic features. Moreover, each cluster was also associated with distinct genomic alterations. Finally, we developed and validated an AS‐related signature with Cox proportional hazards model. The signature, significantly associated with clinical and molecular features, could serve as an independent prognostic factor for lower‐grade diffuse gliomas. Thus, our results indicated that AS events could discriminate molecular subtypes and have prognostic impact in lower‐grade diffuse gliomas.
Performance of Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on two host species, Halyomorpha halys and Philosamia ricini
Authors: Tunca Hilal , Cosic Benjamin , Colombel Etty‐Ambre , Venard Marine , Capelli Mathilde , Tabone Elisabeth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is an invasive agricultural pest of fruit trees and vegetables. Egg parasitoids play a key role in the reducing of H. halys populations. Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) can parasitize H. halys and complete its life cycle in this host species. Many factors can influence this parasitoid–host relationship. Of these factors, we evaluated the effect of female age, exposure time, and host species on the biological characteristics and fecundity of O. kuvanae reared on eggs of H. halys as well as another previously known host Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). In this study, we used a 3‐year‐old laboratory colony of O. kuvanae. Parasitism rates positively affected by exposure time in P. ricini. The highest parasitism rates were obtained in 5‐ and 7‐day‐old females of both hosts. The highest emergence rates were recorded on P. ricini for 5‐ and 7‐day‐old female P. ricini (81.8% and 84.8%, respectively). The development time of O. kuvanae ranged from 18.4 to 19.1 days on H. halys and 17.7 to 18.3 days on P. ricini. The longevity of O. kuvanae that were provided honey was 38.5 and 47.8 days on H. halys and P. ricini, respectively. The longevity of O. kuvanae that were not provided honey was 2.3 and 2.8 days on H. halys and P. ricini, respectively. The sex ratio was male‐biased (36.5% female) on H. halys and female‐biased (55.2% female) on P. ricini. Fecundity of O. kuvanae was 37.7 and 59.6 progeny per female for H. halys and P. ricini, respectively. The performance of O. kuvanae was lower when compared with its performance on the host P. ricini. Our results suggest that O. kuvanae has potential as new biological control agent for H. halys.
Assessing the impacts of skin mucus from Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus mykiss on the growth and in vitro infectivity of the fish pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis
Authors: Levipan Héctor A. , Avendaño‐Herrera Ruben 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPiscirickettsiosis is a fish disease caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium, Piscirickettsia salmonis. Even though entry routes of P. salmonis in fish are not fully clear yet, the skin seems to be the main portal in some salmonid species. Despite the importance of fish mucous skin barrier in fighting waterborne pathogens, the interaction between salmonid skin mucus and the bacterium is unknown. This study seeks to determine the in vitro changes in the growth of two Chilean P. salmonis strains (LF‐89‐like and EM‐90‐like genotypes) and the type strain LF‐89T under exposures to skin mucus from Salmo salar and Oncorhynchus mykiss, as well as changes in the cytotoxic effect of P. salmonis on the SHK‐1 cells following exposures. The results suggest that the growth of three P. salmonis strains was not significantly negatively affected under exposures to skin mucus (adjusted at 100 μg total protein ml−1) of O. mykiss (69 ± 18 U lysozyme ml−1) and S. salar (48 ± 33 U lysozyme ml−1) over time. However, the cytotoxic effect of P. salmonis, pre‐exposed to salmonid skin mucus, on the SHK‐1 cell line was reliably identified only towards the end of the incubation period, suggesting that the mucus had a delaying effect on the cytotoxic response of the cell line to the bacterium. These results represent a baseline knowledge to open new avenues of research intended to understand how P. salmonis faces the fish mucous skin barrier.
Participation in sport and physical activity in adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Borland R. L. , Hu N. , Tonge B. , Einfeld S. , Gray K. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disability face a number of barriers to participation in physical activity. This paper aimed to determine rates of sport and physical activity participation in an Australian sample of adults with intellectual disability, compared with rates of participation in the general Australian population. A secondary aim was to investigate factors that may contribute to participation of adults with intellectual disability.MethodParticipants were part of the Australian Child to Adult Development (ACAD) study, consisting of a community sample with intellectual disability (n = 305), groups of adults with autism (n = 94), Down syndrome (n = 64), fragile X syndrome (n = 52), Williams syndrome (n = 45), and Prader–Willi syndrome (n = 30). Participation in sport/physical activity was reported over the past 3 months. Rates of participation were reported for adults with intellectual disability and compared with rates in a general Australian population sample. The relationship between participation in physical activity and age, degree of intellectual disability, physical mobility, living situation, socio‐economic disadvantage, and behaviour and emotional problems were also conducted.ResultsParticipants in the ACAD community sample with intellectual disability participated in sport/physical activity at lower rates than the general Australian population (42% compared with 71%). Having no physical mobility impairment was significantly associated with higher rates of participation. Those with Down syndrome participated in sport/physical activity at higher rates than the community sample with intellectual disability, while no difference in sport/physical activity participation was observed in the groups with autism or other syndromes.ConclusionAustralian adults with intellectual disability participate in sport and physical activity at lower rates than the general population. Having a physical mobility impairment was associated with lower rates of participation. However, people living in supported accommodation were more likely to participate than those in other living situations. Having Down syndrome was associated with a higher participation rate than the community sample.
Depression, psychiatric comorbidities, and psychosocial implications associated with acne vulgaris
Authors: Sood Sneha , Jafferany Mohammad , Vinaya kumar Sushruth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin condition associated with considerable psychological burden. Acne and its sequelae can affect many domains of life leading to social dysfunction, psychiatric issues and educational shortcomings. Psychiatric conditions like depression is found to be more prevalent in acne patients as compared to general population.AimsTo evaluate importance of screening for depression in acne patients since screening tools in outpatient departments can help dermatologists assess the psychological state of the patient.MethodPapers selected for the review included review articles in English language and all original research relevant to the topic, in the form of cohort studies, and case–control studies.ConclusionsThis article studies the impact of acne across the various aspects of life and highlights the importance of a timely diagnosis and referral. This can be helpful in preventing the long‐term consequences of acne in terms of physical as well as psychological health.
Strategies and resources for nurse leaders to use to lead with empathy and prudence so they understand and address sources of anxiety among nurses practising in the era of COVID‐19
Authors: Hofmeyer Anne , Taylor Ruth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsIdentify strategies and resources for nurse leaders to use to lead with empathy and prudence to improve quality of care and to ease the psychological toll on nurses caring for patients with COVID‐19.BackgroundIn a 2020 report, clinicians caring for patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic said their healthcare leaders needed to: ‘hear me, protect me, prepare me, support me, and care for me’. These words provide an action plan for nurse leaders to communicate, educate and support nurses to practice competently and safely (physically and mentally) in the context of COVID‐19.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodIdentification and inclusion of relevant international evidence with clinical discussion.FindingsNurse leaders can mobilise system and individual level strategies and resources to support nurses to manage pandemic‐related issues including: anxiety due to the risk of infection, supporting anxious children, mitigating moral injury; providing safe and quality nursing care for patients with COVID‐19 and end‐of‐life care as needed; supporting relatives who cannot be present with a dying relative and care for grieving relatives and colleagues. We categorise a selection of evidence‐based, online sources providing current COVID‐19 information, practice updates and resources to develop personalised self‐care plans to ease anxiety and support renewal and resilience.ConclusionsNurse leaders must ensure adequate PPE supply, upskill nurses to provide safe, quality care for patients with COVID‐19 and promote restorative self‐care plans.Relevance to clinical practiceThe strategic actions nurse leaders take today can positively impact nurses' well‐being and ability to provide safe and quality care for patients in the context of COVID‐19.
Speculative trade and the value of public information
Authors: Galanis Spyros 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn environments with expected utility, it has long been established that speculative trade cannot occur and that the value of public information is negative in economies with risk‐sharing and no aggregate uncertainty. We show that these results are still true even if we relax expected utility, so that either Dynamic Consistency (DC) or Consequentialism is violated. We characterize no speculative trade in terms of a weakening of DC and find that Consequentialism is not required. Moreover, we show that a weakening of both DC and Consequentialism is sufficient for the value of public information to be negative. We therefore generalize these important results for convex preferences which contain several classes of ambiguity averse preferences.