bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Swiss History Textbooks: Concepts, Templates, and Omissions
Authors: Furrer Markus 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The claim “We want visibility” can not only be made for the representation of non-European areas and states but arises within the European continent as well. The contribution enquires about the representation of the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth before the division of Poland before 1772 in Swiss history textbooks. There only can be found fragmentary references. Thereby, one has to put more specific questions as to which of the references in the textbooks have related and still relate to the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as to what is lacking and also what loss in knowledge and orientation is connected with this for the pupils and students in Switzerland. At a larger scale the questions arise as to how the Early Modern era has been conveyed in Swiss textbooks in spatial terms and still is. It is thereby not irrelevant what in fact is omitted. In the case of the strong neglection of the Central European area of the Early Modern Times in general and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in particular in Swiss textbooks, one takes the risk of hardly being able to create the awareness for a European diversification.
The cultural competence learning needs of migrant nurses: A literature review
Authors: Al-Komah Fatima , Khraim Fadi , Forgrave Daniel , Saabneh Rawia 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Migrant nurses need to provide healthcare that is culturally appropriate to the host population. The aim of this literature review is to identify the cultural competence learning needs of migrant nurses that would assist in their transition to the host country.Methods: A literature review was carried out according to Cronin, Ryan, and Coughlan’s (2008) framework. This review included 13 articles published between 2008 and 2018 that discussed cultural competence training for migrant nurses.Results: Migrant nurses’ learning needs fall into four themes: communication, religion and spirituality, customs, and work environment.Discussion: Language barrier and unfamiliarity with a patient’s religion and customs are the main causes of most misunderstandings in the workplace and result in a lack of perceived quality of care. Moving to a different work environment often involves taking on a new role and learning about a new type of organizational structure.
Pengaruh dimensi kompor dan kadar air biomassa terhadap kinerja kompor gasifikasi forced draft
Authors: Zulfansyah Z , Hermanto H , Fermi Muhammad Iwan 
Published: February 2020

Influence of stove dimensions and biomass moisture content on forced draft gasification stove performanceConsumption level of biomass as a source of primary energy in Indonesia is quite high, reaching 280 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) and approximately 84% of the biomass is has been used for the household sector. The application of gasification stove especially in cooking purposes can increase the efficiency of fuel usage. This research uses three units gasification stove with variation of stove dimension. Acacia wood branches with moisture content 7.26%, 9.63% and 12.58% were used as fuel source. Water boiling test (WBT) procedural was used to evaluate the stove performance. Operating time and flame temperature of the stove also were the parameter of stove performance evaluation. Thermal efficiency of the forced draft gasification stove is approximately 25.03% to 30.44%, the most efficient is 12 cm in diameter and 16 cm high stove with 9.63% biomass moisture content. Although the resulting flame is still reddish yellow, the forced draft gasification stove is capable of producing up to 3.43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) thermal energy with the highest flame temperature reaches 933oC. The results show that the gasification stove operating conditions greatly affect the performance of the stove.Keywords: biomass, gasification stove, forced draft, thermal efficiency AbstrakTingkat penggunaan biomassa sebagai sumber energi primer di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu mencapai 280 juta setara barel minyak (SBM) dan sekitar 84% dari biomassa tersebut digunakan untuk kebutuhan sektor rumah tangga. Penggunaan kompor gasifikasi untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga khususnya untuk kegiatan memasak dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tiga unit kompor gasifikasi dengan variasi dimensi ruang bakar kompor. Sedangkan bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu ranting kayu akasia dengan kadar air 7,26%, 9,63% dan 12,58%. Metoda pengujian mengikuti prosedur water boiling test (WBT), selain itu waktu operasi dan temperatur nyala api juga menjadi parameter kinerja kompor gasifikasi yang dievaluasi. Efisiensi termal kompor gasifikasi forced draft yang dihasilkan yaitu 25,03% hingga 30,44%, dengan efisiensi tertinggi yaitu pada kompor berdiameter 12 cm dan tinggi 16 cm serta biomassa berkadar air 9,63%. Walaupun nyala api yang dihasilkan masih berwarna kuning kemerahan, namun kompor gasifikasi forced draft mampu menghasilkan energi termal hingga 3,43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) dengan temperatur nyala api tertinggi mencapai 933oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi kompor gasifikasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kompor sehingga disain kondisi operasi kompor perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna kompor gasifikasi. Kata kunci: biomassa, kompor gasifikasi, forced draft, efisiensi termal
Chalcones in Dermatology
Authors: Jumina  , Harizal  , Steven Kurniawan Yehezkiel 
Published: February 2020

The human skin is pivotal for protecting the body from various stresses and diseases, regulating several physiological aspects, and sensing any signal changes around the environment. To work and function optimally, the skin should be protected and cared regularly by using some treatments. Chalcone, as a privileged structure, exhibits wide and unique bioactivities related to several skin disorders such as in preventing and treating pigmentation disorders (melasma and vitiligo), cutaneous leishmaniasis, rashes (acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis), and rosacea. In this chapter, the role of chalcone derivatives in treating several skin disorders as mentioned above is discussed to provide a brief and comprehensive perspective regarding the role of chalcone in dermatology including in vitro, preclinical, and clinical assays.
Uso problemático de Internet en adolescentes: relación con sexo, edad, nivel socioeconómico y frecuencia de uso de Internet [Problematic Internet Use among Adolescents: Relationship with Gender, Age, Socioeconomic Status, and Frequency of Internet Use]
Authors: Piqueras Rodríguez Jose Antonio , Garcia-Oliva Carlos , Marzo Juan Carlos 
Published: February 2020

ResumenEl uso habitual de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICs) se da en todos los colectivos y sectores, si bien su mayor exposición en adolescentes ha hecho que nos preocupemos por las consecuencias negativas que pueda causar en esta población. Se estudia la frecuencia del uso problemático de Internet en adolescentes. Se administró el Cuestionario de Experiencias Relacionadas con Internet (CERI) y medidas ad-hoc para evaluar la frecuencia de uso de Internet y variables sociodemográficas en una muestra de 712 adolescentes de 12 a 18 años de la provincia de Alicante (sureste de España). Los resultados muestran que al menos el 14.8 % presenta puntuaciones elevadas en uso problemático de Internet. Además, se observa que el 20.9 % utiliza más de 4 horas al día Internet, mientras que el 45.4 % hace uso a diario de Internet, y el 51 % más de 10 horas a la semana. Se halló una relación significativa entre PIU y la frecuencia de uso diario, no así entre PIU y variables sociodemográficas. Estos datos suponen una primera aproximación al fenómeno en la provincia de Alicante que sugiere la necesidad de profundizar en estudios sobre este fenómeno emergente.AbstractThe common use of the information and communication technologies (ICT) occurs in all groups and sectors, while its greater exposure among adolescents has made us to worry about the negative consequences that may cause in this population. We study the frequency of experiences re­lated to the problematic use of Internet (PIU) in adoles­cents. The Questionnaire of Experiences Related with In­ternet (CERI) and ad hoc measures to assess the frequency of Internet use and socio-demographic variables were ad­ministered in a sample of 712 adolescents from 12 to 18 years of the province of Alicante (southeast of Spain). The results showed that at least 14.8 % presents elevated scores on PIU. Furthermore, 20.9 % of the sample used Internet more than 4 hours a day, while the 45.4 % makes use Internet daily, and 51 % more than 10 hours a week. We found a significant relationship between PIU and the frequency of daily use, but not between PIU and socio-demographic variables. These data represent a first ap­proach to the phenomenon in our community, which sug­gests the need for further studies on this emerging phe­nomenon.
Effects of an Intervention Program Based on Job Crafting Behaviors on the Work Engagement of Teachers [Efectos de un programa de intervención basado en los comportamientos de rediseño del trabajo sobre el engagement laboral de profesores]
Authors: Silva júnior Domingos Isidorio , Ferreira Maria Cristina , Freitas Clarissa Pinto 
Published: February 2020

ResumenLos estudios han puesto de relieve que es posible potenciar el engagement en el trabajo mediante intervenciones que buscan aumentar los recursos que el empleado posee y disminuir sus demandas laborales. El objetivo es evaluar la eficacia de un programa de intervención basado en los comportamientos de rediseño del trabajo en el engagement laboral de profesores. La muestra estaba integrada por 82 profesores brasileños de educación pública dividida en dos grupos. El grupo de intervención se realizó con 41 profesores de ambos sexos (81 % femenino) y el grupo de comparación también con 41 profesores de ambos sexos (79.1 % del sexo femenino). Al final de la intervención, las puntuaciones de los participantes del grupo de intervención, en las escalas de engagament en el trabajo y de comportamientos de rediseño, excedieron significativamente las puntuaciones del grupo de comparación. Los hallazgos encontrados recomiendan la implementación de programas de intervención basados en los comportamientos de rediseño que concienticen los docentes más de sus demandas y de sus recursos como forma de aumentar su engagament con el trabajo.AbstractResearch has evidenced that interventions to increase em­ployees’ resources and decrease their work demands can enhance their work engagement. Objective assess the effi­cacy of an intervention program based on job crafting be­haviors on the job crafting behaviors and work engage­ment of teachers. The sample consisted of 82 public edu­cation teachers divided in two groups. The intervention group consisted of 41 male and female teachers (81 % fe­male), while the comparison group also consisted of 41 male and female teachers (79.1 % female). At the end of the intervention, the scores of the participants in the inter­vention group on the work engagement and job crafting behaviors scales were significantly higher than the scores in the comparison group. The findings recommend the im­plementation of intervention programs based on the job crafting behaviors, enhancing the teachers’ awareness of their demands and resources as a way to increase their work engagement.
Pattern of Obstetric Clinic Attendance, Deliveries and Neonatal Outcome at a Tertiary Hospital during and after a Free Medical Care Programme
Authors: Awoyesuku P. A. , MacPepple D. A. , Altraide B. O. , John D. H. , Kwosah N. J. 
Published: February 2020

Background: Policies and programs aimed at giving access to healthcare free of charge for some segments of the population are increasingly being put in place by low and middle-income countries. The impact of such policies has so far been rather mixed.
Objective: This study sought to determine the pattern of obstetrics clinic attendance, deliveries and neonatal outcome during and after a Free Medical Care (FMC) Programme. Was there any significant difference during and after the FMC programme?
Methodology: This was a retrospective population-based study involving the three years of a free medical care programme (2012-2014) and the three years after the programme (2015-2017). Data on antenatal/postnatal clinic attendance, method of deliveries and neonatal outcome were retrieved from the hospital records. The Epi-Info 7 statistical software was used for analysis and statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: Mean antenatal attendance was 20763.67±6085.71 and 14269.00±1932.71 during and after the programme respectively, but this difference was not significant (P = 0.143). The mean postnatal attendance of 1457.7±447.69 during and 1025.7±193.52 after was not significant (P=0.200). There was more total number of deliveries during (8596) than after (5989) but this was not significant (P=0.171). There were more operative deliveries during (51.9%) than after (39.3%) and this was significant (P=0.0001). The CS rate was 43.1% with previous CS and CPD both responsible for over 40%. Livebirths were 8,272 (58.8%) during and 5,796 (41.2%) after, which was significant (P=0.0001). There was significant difference (P=0.006) in the macerated stillborn (MSB) rate during (44.2%) and after (55.8%). The stillborn rate was 66.9 during and 98.2 after the programme.
Conclusion: There were more clinic attendance and deliveries during the programme, but it was not statistically significant. There was however statistically significant increase in operative delivery, total births and livebirths, and reduced MSB rate during the programme.
A Comparative Study of the Extraction and Characterisation of Oils from Glycine max L. (Soya Bean Seed), Elaeis guineensis (Palm Kernel Seed) and Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Using Ethanol and n-Hexane
Authors: Chioma Okenwa-ani , Alexander Okafor , Ugochi Kanayochukwu , Erasmus Anieze , Melford Egbujor , Innocencia Chidebelu , Joshua Ugwu , Ifeanyi Okoye , Chidi Edenta 
Published: February 2020

Aims: To extract and characterize oils from Glycine max L. (soya bean seed), Elaeis guineensis (palm kernel seed) and Cocos nucifera (coconut) using ethanol and n-Hexane.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Industrial Chemistry, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, between December 2017 and July 2018.
Methodology: Using Soxhlet extraction method, the milled seed samples (soya bean, coconut and palm kernel) were bagged and extracted with accurately measured quantity of each solvent (n-Hexane and Ethanol). Physicochemical analysis which includes: Acid values, iodine value, free fatty acid (% oleic) and saponification value was carried out on the extracted oil.
Results: The percentage oil yield from ethanol extracts were 8.58% (8.58 g), 26.01% (26.01 g) and 31.21% (31.21 g) for soya bean, coconut and palm kernel respectively while that of n-Hexane extracts were 14.69% (14.69 g), 31.85% (31.85 g) and 45.28% (45.28 g), due to the fact that 100 g of the milled sample was used. Free fatty acid values were the same in n-Hexane and ethanol extracts of soya bean oil. These values were slightly higher in the coconut and palm kernel oil extracts using ethanol. Acid values were observed to be slightly higher in the ethanol extracted oils. The Saponification values were generally higher in ethanol extracted oils than in hexane extracted oils. There was maximum oil recovered with hexane than ethanol when the extraction process was carried out for 120 minutes.
Conclusion: In spite of the fact that n-Hexane gave a better extraction yield, ethanol appeared to be a better alternative for the extraction process because it is green, less toxic and safer to handle.
Scalp ripples as prognostic biomarkers of epileptogenicity in pediatric surgery
Authors: Tamilia Eleonora , Dirodi Matilde , Alhilani Michel , Grant P. Ellen , Madsen Joseph R. , Stufflebeam Steven M. , Pearl Phillip L. , Papadelis Christos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the ability of high‐density Electroencephalography (HD‐EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to localize interictal ripples, distinguish between ripples co‐occurring with spikes (ripples‐on‐spike) and independent from spikes (ripples‐alone), and evaluate their localizing value as biomarkers of epileptogenicity in children with medically refractory epilepsy.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 20 children who underwent epilepsy surgery. We identified ripples on HD‐EEG and MEG data, localized their generators, and compared them with intracranial EEG (icEEG) ripples. When ripples and spikes co‐occurred, we performed source imaging distinctly on the data above 80 Hz (to localize ripples) and below 70 Hz (to localize spikes). We assessed whether missed resection of ripple sources predicted poor outcome, separately for ripples‐on‐spikes and ripples‐alone. Similarly, predictive value of spikes was calculated.ResultsWe observed scalp ripples in 16 patients (10 good outcome). Ripple sources were highly concordant to the icEEG ripples (HD‐EEG concordance: 79%; MEG: 83%). When ripples and spikes co‐occurred, their sources were spatially distinct in 83‐84% of the cases. Removing the sources of ripples‐on‐spikes predicted good outcome with 90% accuracy for HD‐EEG (P = 0.008) and 86% for MEG (P = 0.044). Conversely, removing ripples‐alone did not predict outcome. Resection of spike sources (generated at the same time as ripples) predicted good outcome for HD‐EEG (P = 0.036; accuracy = 87%), while did not reach significance for MEG (P = 0.1; accuracy = 80%).InterpretationHD‐EEG and MEG localize interictal ripples with high precision in children with refractory epilepsy. Scalp ripples‐on‐spikes are prognostic, noninvasive biomarkers of epileptogenicity, since removing their cortical generators predicts good outcome. Conversely, scalp ripples‐alone are most likely generated by non‐epileptogenic areas.
New Lithium Salt Forms Interphases Suppressing Both Li Dendrite and Polysulfide Shuttling
Authors: Xiao Yinglin , Han Bing , Zeng Yi , Chi Shang‐Sen , Zeng Xianzhe , Zheng Zijian , Xu Kang , Deng Yonghong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered promising candidates for the next‐generation energy‐storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity and prevalent abundance of sulfur. Their reversible operation, however, encounters challenges from both the anode, where dendritic and dead Li‐metal form, and the cathode, where polysulfides dissolve and become parasitic shuttles. Both issues arise from the imperfection of interphases between electrolyte and electrode. Herein, a new lithium salt based on an imide anion with fluorination and unsaturation in its structure is reported, whose interphasial chemistries resolve these issues simultaneously. Lithium 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3‐hexafluoropropane‐1, 3‐disulfonimide (LiHFDF) forms highly fluorinated interphases at both anode and cathode surfaces, which effectively suppress formation of Li‐dendrites and dissolution/shuttling of polysulfides, and significantly improves the electrochemical reversibility of LSBs. In a broader context, this new Li salt offers a new perspective for diversified beyond Li‐ion chemistries that rely on a Li‐metal anode and active cathode materials.
A longitudinal assessment of behavioral development in wild capuchins: Personality is not established in the first 3 years
Authors: Delval Irene , Fernández‐Bolaños Marcelo , Izar Patrícia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnimal personality is defined as consistent individual differences across time and situations, but little is known about how or when those differences are established during development. Likewise, several studies described the personality structure of adult capuchin monkeys, without assessing the ontogeny of these personality traits. We analyzed the behavioral repertoire of 12 wild infants (9 males, 3 females) yellow‐breasted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus xanthosternos), in Una Biological Reserve (Bahia, Brazil). Each infant was observed and filmed weekly from birth until 36 months, through daily focal sampling. We analyzed the behavior of each individual in 10 developmental points. By means of component reduction (principal component analysis), we obtained four behavioral traits: Sociability, Anxiety, Openness, and Activity. We investigated whether there were developmental effects on those traits by fitting regression models for the effect of time on behavioral traits, controlling for monkey identity, sex, and cohort. Sociability (decreasing) and Anxiety (increasing) changed significantly along development. By means of repeatability analysis, we did not find intra‐individual consistency across time in those traits, so we cannot discriminate stable personality traits in early ontogeny. Our results show that the personality structure of capuchin monkeys is not established during early development, in agreement with the literature on human personality.
Intensive weight loss and cognition: The dynamics of persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue can explain the unexpected results from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study
Authors: Lee Yu‐Mi , Park Sun‐Hee , Lee Duk‐Hee 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to propose a new hypothesis for the role of lipophilic chemical mixtures stored in adipose tissue in the development of dementia. Specifically, we present how the dynamics of these chemicals can explain the unexpected findings from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study, which failed to show long‐term benefits of intentional weight loss on cognition, despite substantial improvements in many known risk factors for dementia. Moreover, we discuss how the role of obesity in the risk of dementia can change depending on the dynamics of these chemicals in adipose tissue.New hypothesisHuman adipose tissue is widely contaminated with various neurotoxic chemicals. Typical examples are persistent organic pollutants (POPs), strong lipophilic chemicals with long half‐lives. Both unintentional and intentional weight loss increases the release of POPs from adipocytes into the circulation. As POPs in the blood can easily reach the brain, the intentional weight‐loss group of the Look AHEAD study may have experienced an unappreciated and long‐term disadvantage on their cognition. Additionally, POPs may be involved in the link between obesity and dementia, as dysfunctional hypertrophic adipocytes enhance the release of POPs from adipocytes to the circulation through uncontrolled lipolysis. In contrast, metabolically healthy obese people may have a low risk of dementia because the safe storage of POPs in adipose tissue would decrease the amount of POPs reaching the brain.Major challenges for the hypothesisIn human studies, there are practical difficulties involved with measuring POPs in the blood, including high costs and complex assays. As the serum concentrations of POPs are continuously affected by weight loss and gain, prospective studies may require serial measurements of POPs. In in‐vitro and in‐vivo experimental studies, how to simulate the exposure dose, duration, and mixture patterns in humans would be critical.Linkage to other major theoriesEven though POPs are direct neurotoxins at a high dosage, low‐dose POPs are mitochondrial toxins. Therefore, chronic exposure to low‐dose POPs is linked to known key interrelated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of dementia, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation.