bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLARIN BARRO SEFALET ENDEKSİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN SVAR ANALİZİ
Authors: ERGİN ÜNAL Ayşe 
Published: May 2020

Bir ülkenin
makroekonomik performansının takip edilip incelenmesi, gerek ekonomi
politikalarının etkinliğini ölçme gerekse de ekonomik birimlerin yatırım
kararlarını etkilemesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
doğrudan yabancı yatırımların (DYY) enflasyon oranı, işsizlik oranı, faiz oranı
ve ekonomik büyüme oranı verileri ile hesaplanan Barro Sefalet Endeksi
üzerindeki etkisini Türkiye için incelemek ve analiz etmektir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda 1985-2017 dönemi için Barro Sefalet Endeksi hesaplanmış olup, DYY
arasındaki ilişki SVAR modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, DYY’nin GSYİH
içindeki payı ile reel döviz kuru eş anlı şoklarının, Barro Sefalet Endeksi’ni negatif yönde
etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
The Scripps Dike and Its Implications for Mid‐Miocene Volcanism and Tectonics of the California Continental Borderland
Authors: Day James M.D. , Koppers Anthony A.P. , Mendenhall Brendon C. , Oller Brian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
New field observations, petrology, geochemistry, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology are reported for the Scripps Dike, which crops out at the coast north of La Jolla, California. The northeast–southwest-trending and laterally discontinuous dike has a basaltic–trachyandesite bulk composition, with an emplacement age of 13.89 ± 0.13 Ma. Modeling of the dike composition indicates that it formed from 0.5 to 1.5% partial melting of a primitive mantle-type source, metasomatized by slab fluids, predominantly in the garnet stability field. The composition of the dike, including relatively high MgO (6.6 wt.%) and Sr/Y (~105), makes it akin to magnesian andesites in Baja California, Mexico, termed “bajaites.” Field evidence indicates that the current exposure of the dike is close to the original stalling depth, it was probably associated with explosive volcanism, and the dike flowed laterally. After accounting for alteration, the dike has an initial 87Sr/86Sr composition of 0.70390, with limited evidence for crustal contamination, consistent with derivation from a slab-fluid-metasomatized mantle source. The composition of the dike places it broadly in the range of Miocene California Continental Borderland (hereafter referred to as Borderland) volcanic rocks studied previously. A comparison of ages of volcanic rocks occurring along the Borderland margin reveals an approximately age-progressive trend to the southeast. This represents an opposite sense to the apparent age-progressive trend for Miocene to Recent volcanic rocks north of the Western Transverse Ranges. Possible models to explain the compositions and age relationships of Miocene to Recent volcanic rocks of the Borderland region include southeasterly migration of volcanism in response to Rivera Triple Junction movement and slab window formation, or the presence of a weak “hotspot” that has been active since at least the Miocene. Identification of the process(es) responsible for Borderland volcanism is currently limited by dissection and northwestward movement of Borderland rocks in response to northwest–southeast shearing of the Pacific–North American plate boundary, and by the quality and quantity of reported age-dates and paleomagnetic information. The formation processes of volcanism in the Borderland have ramifications for palinspastic reconstruction of the margin, as well as for the thermal and magmatic evolution of western California in response to a change in plate motion in a subduction to transform setting. The Scripps Dike provides evidence that regions of the mantle beneath the California Continental Borderland were metasomatized by slab fluids in a manner similar to portions of mantle beneath central Baja California, Mexico.
Structure, Evolution, and Tectonic Significance of the Eastern Boundary of the Outer Continental Borderland
Authors: De Hoogh G.L. , Sorlien C.C. , Nicholson C. , Schindler C.S. , Francis R.D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Continental Borderland adjacent to southern California and northern Baja California is an exceptionally wide (240 km) region of ridges, islands, and bathymetric basins as deep as 2 km. This continental margin area includes the Nicolas terrane, a relatively intact outer terrane to the west characterized by the presence of Cretaceous and Paleogene forearc sedimentary rocks, and the adjacent Catalina terrane, a highly extended inner terrane to the east characterized by metamorphic basement rocks exhumed during early Miocene oblique rifting. To better understand this continental rifting process, we used regional grids of multichannel seismic reflection data, and stratigraphic information from industry wells and seafloor samples to investigate the nature and tectonic development of the boundary between the Outer Borderland forearc Nicolas terrane and the Inner Borderland denuded, exhumed Catalina terrane. These data show that this terrane boundary is largely defined by an angular unconformity that overlies and helps form an eastward termination or wedge-out of Outer Borderland forearc strata of earliest Miocene through Cretaceous age. These forearc sedimentary rocks were removed along the boundary primarily as a result of early-to-middle Miocene uplift and erosional truncation associated with exhumation of the Catalina basement. The boundary is not predominantly fault controlled. Along the northern part of the boundary, the East Santa Cruz Basin fault system, previously postulated to control the Nicolas–Catalina terrane boundary, is a predominantly east-dipping, Miocene oblique-normal fault system that has been reactivated with blind to partly blind oblique-reverse displacement. It does not align with the terrane boundary, and given its geometry, slip history, and the presence of Nicolas forearc sedimentary rocks on both sides of this fault system, it is unlikely to have had a major influence on terrane boundary development. South of San Nicolas Basin, there is no simple, through-going fault system, and where faults are present, they are often discontinuous segments that strike oblique to the boundary. This implies that major displacements associated with translation of the Outer Borderland were not localized to the eastern Outer Borderland boundary itself, but rather were likely distributed farther east within the evolving Inner Borderland rift.
Evolution of Pore Types and Petrophysical Properties Of Fault Rocks In Low‐Porosity Carbonates
Authors: Cilona A. , Solum J.G. , Lucca A. , Storti F. , Balsamo F. , Taberner C. 
Published: May 2020

In carbonates, fault zone architecture, distribution of different types of fault rocks in fault cores (e.g., breccias, cataclasites), and the interplay between deformation and diagenesis must be considered to predict the flow properties of a fault zone. We present the results of an integrated structural and petrophysical study of two carbonate outcrops in central Italy, where faults are known to act as dynamic seals at depth, causing ≈70 m of hydraulic head drop in a karstified groundwater reservoir.
The architecture of these fault zones is very well exposed, allowing for detailed mapping of the along-strike and across-strike distribution and continuity of fault cores and associated fault rocks over a distance of ≈8 km. More than 150 samples, comprising several fault architectural elements and carbonate host rocks, were collected in transects orthogonal to the fault zones. Fault rock porosity and permeability were measured on 1-inch plugs and then linked to characteristic microstructures and fault rock textures. The results of this integration consisted of ranges of porosity and permeability for each type of fault rock.
A trend of increasing comminution and decreasing pore size is evident from the outer toward the inner portions of fault cores. Three types of breccias (crackle, mosaic, and chaotic) and various types of cataclasites were identified. Crackle breccias show the highest plug permeabilities (up to hundredss of mD), whereas the ultracataclasites have the lowest plug permeability (down to 0.01 mD, which is roughly equivalent to unfractured host rock). These data reveal the interplay between various fault rocks and host rock permeability and the development of permeability anisotropy of fault zones in carbonates.
Measles Outbreak Amplified in a Pediatric Ward: Lyantonde District, Uganda, August 2017
Authors: Biribawa Claire , Atuhairwe Joselyn Annet , Bulage Lilian , Okethwangu Denis Othuba , Kwesiga Benon , Ario Alex Riolexus , Zhu Bao-Ping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Measles is a highly infectious viral disease. In August 2017, Lyantonde District, Uganda reported a measles outbreak to Uganda Ministry of Health. We investigated the outbreak to assess the scope, factors facilitating transmission, and recommend control measures.Methods: We defined a probable case as sudden onset of fever and generalized rash in a resident of Lyantonde, Lwengo, or Rakai Districts from 1 June-30 September 2017, plus ≥1 of the following: coryza, conjunctivitis, or cough. A confirmed case was a probable case with serum positivity of measles-specific IgM. We conducted a neighborhood- and age-matched case-control study to identified exposure factors, and used conditional logistic regression to analyze the data. We estimated vaccine effectiveness and vaccination coverage.Results: We identified 81 cases (75 probable, 6 confirmed); 4 patients (4.9%) died. In the case-control study, 47% of case-patients and 2.3% of controls were hospitalized at Lyantonde Hospital pediatric department for non-measles conditions 7-21 days before case-patient’s onset (ORadj=34, 95%CI: 5.1-225). Estimated vaccine effectiveness was 95% (95%CI: 75-99%) and vaccination coverage was 76% (95%CI: 68-82%). During the outbreak, an “isolation” ward was established inside the general pediatric ward where there was mixing of both measles and non-measles patients. Conclusions: This outbreak was amplified by nosocomial transmission and facilitated by low vaccination coverage. We recommended moving the isolation ward outside of the building, supplemental vaccination, and vaccinating pediatric patients during measles outbreaks.
Professional support during the postpartum period: Primiparous mothers’ views on professional services and their expectations, and barriers to utilizing professional help.
Authors: Nan Yiping , Zhang Jingjun , Nisar Anum , Huo Lanting , Yang Lei , Yin Juan , Wang Duolao , Rahman Atif , Gao Yan , Li Xiaomei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Primiparous mothers who lack of experience and knowledge of child caring, are usually overwhelmed by multifarious stressors and challenges. Although professional support is needed for primiparas, there is a gap between the necessary high-quality services and the currently provided poor services. This study aimed to explore Chinese primiparous mothers’ views on professional services, identify barriers to utilizing professional support, and further understand mothers’ expectations of and preferences for the delivery of professional services.Method: A descriptive phenomenological study design was utilized in this study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 primiparous mothers who had given birth in the first year period before the interview and were selected from two community health centres in Xi’an city, Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. Each conversational interview lasted between 20 and 86 minutes. Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological approach was used to analyse the data.Results: Three major themes were identified: (a) dissatisfaction with current professional services for postpartum mothers, (b) likelihood of health care professional help-seeking behaviour, (c) highlighting the demands for new health care services. The related seven sub-themes included being disappointed with current hospital services; distrusting services provided by community health centres, private institutes and commercial online platforms; preferring not seeking help from professionals as their first choice; hesitating to express their inner discourse to professionals; following confinement requirement and family burden prevents mothers from seeking professional help; experiencing urgent needs for new baby-care-related services; and determining the importance of mothers’ needs. The necessity of professional support in the first month after childbirth was strongly emphasized by the participants. Online professional guidance and support were perceived as the best way to receive services in this study.Conclusion: The results of this descriptive phenomenological study suggested that the current maternal and child health care services were insufficient and could not meet primiparous mothers’ need. The results also indicated that identifying barriers and providing services focused on mothers’ needs may be an effective strategy to enhance primiparous mothers’ well-being, and further suggested that feasibility, convenience, and the cultural adaptability of health care services should be considered during the delivery of postpartum interventions.
Relationship between Internet addiction and sleep disturbance in high school students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tokiya Mikiko , Itani Osamu , Otsuka Yuichiro , Kaneita Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The increase in the number of Internet users has increased Internet dependence worldwide. In adolescents, this dependence interferes with sleep, which is important for the development of psychophysiological capabilities. However, few large-scale surveys have descriptively examined the relationship between Internet addiction (IA) and sleep disturbance using standardized questionnaires. We conducted this study to determine the relationship between sleep disturbance in adolescents and IA based on the categories of the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) through a complete survey of one prefecture in Japan.Methods: In 2016, a self-report questionnaire was used to survey high school students (n=10,405, age range: 15–16 years) in all 54 day-boarding high schools in the selected prefecture. We defined “sleep disturbance” by scores greater than 5.5 points on the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. IA was evaluated using the YDQ: “IA,” when five of the eight YDQ items were present; “at-risk,” when three or four YDQ items were reported; and “non-IA,” when two or less YDQ items were positive. Multiple logistic regression analysis was undertaken with sleep disturbance as the dependent variable, IA as the explanatory variable, and adjustments for eight items.Results: High YDQ scores were associated with high prevalence rates of sleep disturbance in boys and girls. These findings persisted after controlling for other factors in the multiple regression model.Conclusions: Among Japanese adolescents, there was a significant independent relationship between IA and sleep disturbances.
Nursing and midwifery students’ experiences and perception of their clinical learning environment in Malawi: A mixed method study
Authors: Mbakaya Balwani Chingatichifwe , Kalembo Fatch Welcome , Zgambo Maggie , Konyani Alice , Lungu Florence , Tveit Bodil , Kaasen Anne , Simango Modesta , Bvumbwe Thokozani 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The clinical learning environment is an important part of the nursing and midwifery training as it helps students to integrate theory into clinical practice. However, not all clinical learning environments foster positive learning. The aim of this study was to assess the experiences and perception of the clinical learning environment by nursing and midwifery students of in Malawi.Methods A mixed-methods approach was used to collect data from nursing and midwifery students. Quantitative data were collected using a Clinical Learning Environment Inventory, while focus group discussions were used to collect qualitative data. The interview guide had questions about clinical learning, supervision, assessment, communication and resources. The Clinical Learning Environment Inventory has six subscales of satisfaction, involvement, individualisation, innovation, task orientation and personalisation. Quantitative data were analysed by independent t-test and multivariate linear regression and qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results A total of 126 participants completed the questionnaire and 30 students participated in the focus group discussions. Satisfaction subscale had the highest mean score (M = 26.93, SD = 4.82) while individualisation had the lowest mean score (M = 18.01, SD =3.50). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between satisfaction with clinical learning environment and personalization (β = 0.50, p = < 0.001), and task orientation (β =0.16 p= < 0.05). Teaching and learning resources, hostile environment, poor relationship with a qualified staff, absence of clinical supervisors, and lack of resources were some of the challenges faced by students in their clinical learning environment.Conclusion Although satisfaction with clinical learning environment had the highest scores, nursing and midwifery students encountered multifaceted challenges such as lack of resources, poor relationship with staff and a lack of support from clinical teachers that impacted negatively on their clinical learning experiences. Training institutions and hospitals need to work together to find a means of providing resources to students during clinical placement.
Factors associated with refractory autoimmune necrotizing myopathy with anti-signal recognition particle antibodies
Authors: Zhao Yawen , Zhang Wei , Liu Yilin , Wang Zhaoxia , Yuan Yun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Autoimmune necrotizing myopathy with anti-signal recognition particle antibodies (ANM-SRP) is regarded as refractory myositis, whereby some patients respond poorly to conventional immunosuppression and require B cell depletion treatment. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with refractory ANM-SRP.Results: Clinical and pathological data from 48 patients with ANM-SRP were collected. We followed up clinical symptoms and image changes over 12 months. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to determine the associations between variables of interest and poor response to therapy. Refractory ANM-SRP appeared in 32.5% of patients who showed no or minimal improvement after 12 months of steroid therapy. The clinical risk factors for refractory patients were being male (OR, 19.57; P<0.001), severe muscle weakness (OR, 7.51; P<0.001) and concurrent interstitial lung disease (OR, 39.70; P<0.001). The imaging refractory-related factor was the fatty infiltration rate of thigh muscles over 3 months (P=0.022) and the pathological factor associated with refractory ANM-SRP was the high expression of B cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) in muscle (P=0.036).Conclusion: Being male, severe muscle weakness, concurrent interstitial lung disease, quick development of muscle fatty infiltration and more BAFF-R and B lymphocyte infiltration in muscle indicate a poor response to immunosuppressive therapy in patients with ANM-SRP.
Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data
Authors: Ju Shao , Zhou Shaosong , Qu Yuan , liang bibo , Yu Qing-Hong , Wu Jing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve the question of whether it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism.METHODS: Patient data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. From these data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. A total of 156 patients aged under 20 were identified and analyzed separately. RESULTS: P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20-39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0-19, 20-39, and 40-59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20-59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40-79. CONCLUSION: P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences.
miR-454 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer by targeting E2F6
Authors: An Yunhe , Zhang Jun , Tian Yanjie , Li Baoming , Cheng Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhao Fangqi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The aberrant expression of microRNA-454 (miR-454) has been confirmed to be involved in the development of cancers. However, the functional role of miR-454 in the progression of ovarian cancer remains unclear. Methods The expression of miR-454 in ovarian cancer cells and serum of ovarian cancer patients was detected by RT-PCR. CCK8, colony formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess the effects of miR-454 on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-454 and E2F6. The expression pattern of E2F6 in ovarian cancer tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. The relative expression of related proteins was examined using western blot analysis. Results miR-454 was markedly down-regulated by hypoxia in ovarian cancer cells. Compared with normal samples, the expression of miR-454 was up-regulated in the serum of ovarian cancer patients, and correlated with the clinicopathological stages of ovarian cancer. Next, we found that miR-454 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells, as well as promoted apoptosis. In addition, the Akt/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were inhibited by miR-454 in ovarian cancer cells. Mechanically, bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that E2F6 was a direct target of miR-454 and negatively regulated by miR-454 in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, IHC analysis showed that E2F6 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues. Finally, we found that the increasing cell proliferation and migration triggered by E2F6 overexpression were abolished by miR-454 overexpression. Conclusion Taken together, these results highlight the role of miR-454 as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer cells by targeting E2F6, indicating that miR-454 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.