bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact Pressure Distribution of the Hip Joint During Closed Reduction of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Hai , Sui Dashan , Qin Haiyi , Zhang Ziming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common deformity of the lower extremity in children, and the etiology remains unclear. The biomechanical change during closed reduction (CR) focused on cartilage contact pressure (CCP) has not been studied. Thereby, we try to provide insight into biomechanical factors potentially responsible for CR treatment success and complications by using finite element analysis (FEA) for the first time.Methods: Finite element models of one patient with DDH were established based on the data of MRI scan on which cartilage contact pressure was measured. During CR, CCP between the femoral head and acetabulum in different abduction and flexion angles were tested to estimate the efficacy and potential risk factors of avascular necrosis (AVN) following CR.Results: A 3D reconstruction by the FEA method was performed on a sixteen-month-old girl with DDH on the right side. The acetabulum of the involved side showed a long, narrow, and "plate-shaped" deformity, whereas the femoral head was smaller and irregular compared with the contralateral side. With increased abduction angle, the stress of the posterior acetabulum increased significantly, and the stress on the lateral part of the femoral head increased as well. The changes of CCP in the superior acetabulum were not apparent during CR. There were no detectable differences in terms of pressure on the femoral head.Conclusions: Severe dislocation (IHDI grade III and IV) in children showed a high mismatch between the femoral head and acetabulum. Increased abduction angle corresponded with high contact pressure, which might relate to avascular necrosis, whereas increased flexion angle was not. Enhanced pressure on the lateral part of the femoral head might increase the risk of AVN.
In vitro seed production of three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars from Benin and the assessment of the resistance of the regenerated plantlets
Authors: SESSOU Amitchihoué Franck , Kahia Jane W. , Houngue Jerome Anani , Ateka Elijah Miinda , Dadjo Colombe , Ahanhanzo Corneille 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Cassava is a staple food for over 800 million people globally providing a cheap source of carbohydrate. However, the cultivation of cassava in the country is facing to viral diseases, particularly cassava mosaic disease (CMD) which can cause up to 95% yield losses. With aim to supply farmers demand for clean planting materials, there is need to accelerate the production of the elite cultivars by use of tissue culture in order to cope with the demand.
Methods
Nodal explants harvested from the greenhouse grown plants were sterilised using different concentrations of a commercial bleach JIK (3.85% NaOCl) and varying time intervals. Microshoots induction was evaluated using thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and kinetin. Rooting was evaluated using different auxins (Naphthalene acetic acid NAA and Indole-3-butyricacid IBA). PCR-based SSR and SCAR markers were used to assess the presence of CMD2 gene in the regenerated plantlets.
Results
The highest (90%) clean explants were obtained when 20% Jik was used for 20 minutes. The best cytokinin for microshoots regeneration was found to be kinetin with optimum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 µM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. Medium without growth regulators was the best for rooting the three cultivars. A survival rate of 100%, 98%, and 98% was recorded in the greenhouse for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively and the plantlets appeared to be morphologically normal. The SSR and SCAR analysis of micropropagated plants showed a profile similar to that of the mother plants indicating that the regenerated plantlets retained the CMD2 gene after passing through in vitro culture.
Conclusion
The nodal explants was established to be 20% of Jik (3.85% NaOCl) with an exposure time of 15 minutes. Kinetin was proved to be the best cytokinins for microshoot formation with the optimum concentration of 5, 10 and 20 µM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. The protocol developed during this study will be useful for mass propagation of the elite cassava cultivars.
Tribocorrosion on Mars
Authors: Martin-Torres Javier ,  Zorzano Maria-Paz , Nyberg Erik , Ramachandran Abhilash Vakkada , Bhardwaj Anshuman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Tribocorrosion is a degradation phenomenon of material surfaces subjected to the combined action of mechanical loading and corrosion attack caused by the environment. Although corrosive chemical species such as materials like chloride atoms, chlorides and perchlorates have been detected on the Martian surface, there is a lack of studies of its impact on materials for landed spacecraft and structures that will support surface operations on Mars. Here we present a series of experiments on the stainless-steel material of the ExoMars 2020 Rosalind Franklin rover wheels. We show how tribocorrosion induced by brines accelerate wear on the materials of the wheels. Our results do not compromise the nominal ExoMars mission but have implications for future long-term surface operations in support of future human exploration or extended robotic missions on Mars.
Biodiverse Responses of O-methyltransferase Genes to Salt Stress and Fiber Development of Gossypium Species
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Gě Qún , Zhāng Qí , Lǐ Jùnwén , Gōng Jǔwǔ , Liú Ruìxián , Shí Yùzhēn , Shāng Hǎihóng , Liú Àiyīng , Iqbal Muhammad S. , Dèng Xiǎoyīng , Razzaq Abdul , Ali Muharam , Yuán Yǒulù , Wankui Gong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
O-methyltransferases (OMTs) are an important group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to their acceptor substrates. OMTs are divided into several groups according to their structural features. In Gossypium species, they are involved in phenolics and flavonoid pathways. Phenolics defend the cellulose fiber from dreadful external conditions of biotic and abiotic stresses, promoting strength and growth of plant cell wall. In this study, an OMT gene family, containing a total of 192 members, has been identified and characterized in three main Gossypium species, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum and G. raimondii. Cis-regulatory elements analysis suggested important roles of OMT genes in growth, development, and defense against stresses. Transcriptome data of different fiber developmental stages in Chromosome Substitution Segment Lines (CSSLs), Recombination Inbred Lines (RILs) with excellent fiber quality, and standard genetic cotton cultivar TM-1 demonstrate that up-regulation of OMT genes at different fiber developmental stages, and abiotic stress treatments have some significant correlations with fiber quality formation, and with salt stress response. Quantitative RT-PCR results revealed that GhOMT43 and GhOMT27 genes had a specific expression in response to salt stress while GhOMT16, GhOMT55, and GhOMT33 in fiber elongation and secondary cell wall stages. Our results indicated that these genes might contribute to salt tolerance or fiber quality traits respectively in Gossypium.
Assessment of left ventricular systolic function by non-invasive pressure-strain loop area in young male strength athletes
Authors: Hua Shaohua , Li Pengge , Li Lijin , Chen Yingchun , Li Zhen , Liu Songyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The health of athletes has been recognized as a worldwide public concern with more reported sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). Therefore, early detection of abnormal heart function in athletes can help reduce the risk of exercise. A novel valid non-invasive method to evaluate left ventricular (LV) myocardial work (MW) using LV pressure-strain loop (PSL), was used in this paper to explore LV systolic function in young male strength athletes.
Methods
36 professional young male strength athletes (the athlete group) and 32 healthy, age-matched young men (the control group) were involved in the study. The LVMW parameters were calculated as the area of PSL by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) and peak systolic LV pressure. The differences between two groups of data and the predictive efficacy of MW parameters for LV systolic function were analyzed.
Results
The athlete group had significantly higher values of global wasted myocardial work (GWW) and peak strain dispersion (PSD) than did the control group (P༜0.05).Global myocardial work index (GWI), global constructive myocardial work (GCW) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were lower in the athlete group than that in the control group, although statistical significance was not reached (P༞0.05). Due to the proportion of GWW and GCW, statistically significant reduction was found in global myocardial work efficiency (GWE) in the athlete group. The best predictor of LV myocardial contractile performance in the athletes using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was GWE, with the area under ROC (AUC) of 0.733, sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 59.4%.
Conclusions
Subclinical changes have appeared in the hearts of young male strength athletes after long-term intensive exercise and LVMW parameters by PSL play an important role in the evaluation of athlete’s LV contractile performance.
Treatment of Secondary Hip Arthritis from Shell Fragment and Gunshot Injury in the Syrian Civil War
Authors: Özden Raif , Davut Serkan , Doğramacı Yunus , Kalacı Aydıner , Duman İbrahim Gökhan , Uruç Vedat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In gunshot and shell fragment injuries to the hip joint, orthopaedic intervention includes wound assessment and care, osteosynthesis of fractures, and avoiding of infection and osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the patients with secondary hip arthritis due to prior gunshot and shell fragment (shrapnel) injuries who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 26 patients (24 males, 2 females) who underwent hip arthroplasty due to prior gunshot and shell fragment injuries from November 2013 to January 2019. For all patients Harris Hip Score (HHS) were evaluated preoperatively and after surgery. Results: Mean age was 31,5 (range, 19-48) years. The mean preoperative HHS was 52.95 points and the mean postoperative HHS was 79.92 points at the final follow-up after surgery. Patients with shell fragment injuries to the hip joint, had higher infection rates but it is not statistically significant.Conclusions: An anatomic reduction of the fracture may not be possible in these cases as a result of significant bone and/or cartilage loss. Total hip arthroplasty can be done after gunshot and shell fragment related posttraumatic arthritis. It is efective treatment choice to reduce pain and improve function but the surgeon must be very carefull because of high rate of infection.
The Impact of Switching from Short-Term Teriparatide Treatment to Denosumab Therapy Compared with Denosumab Alone for Patients with Osteoporotic Hip Fracture: A 1-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Park Chan Ho , Yoo Jun-Il , Choi Chang Hyun , Suh You-Sung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Switching the prescription from bone-forming medication to resorptive agents is reportedly effective for patients with severe osteoporosis. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of implementing short-term teriparatide (TPTD) intervention before denosumab (DMab) therapy compared with DMab therapy alone for 1 year after hip fracture.Methods: TPTD was administered to 24 patients for an average of 12.1 weeks after which the intervention was switched to DMab therapy for 12 months (group 1). DMab alone was administered to 16 patients for 12 months (group 2). Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated before and after treatment at the 1-year follow-up. The improvement of BMD and T-score in hip and spine was compared with the levels of bone turnover marker.Results: The difference of hip BMD after osteoporosis treatment was -0.0081±0.03 in group 1 and 0.0074±0.04 in group 2 (p=0.180). The difference of spine BMD was 0.0819±0.04 in group 1 and 0.0145±0.03 in group 2 (p<0.001). BMD and T-score of the spine improved significantly in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in C-terminal telopeptide and osteocalcin level. Conclusion: Short-term TPTD administration followed by DMab alone was effective only in improving spine BMD. Short-term treatment with TPTD caused mild improvement in femur neck BMD compared with DMab alone. However, further research with a longer duration of TPTD treatment is warranted, as our findings lack statistical significance.
Analysis on Risk Factors for Neck Shortening After Internal Fixation for Pauwels II Femoral Neck Fracture in Young Patients
Authors: Zhao Fulong , Guo Lijuan , wang xuefei , Zhang Yakui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Femoral neck shortening can occur in in young patients receiving internal fixation for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture. The risk factors for neck shortening, which can affect hip function, are not clear. This study aimed to retrospectively identify risk factors for neck shortening after internal fixation with parallel partially threaded cannulated cancellous screws for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture in relatively young patients. Methods: Clinical data from 122 cases with Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture from February 2014 to February 2019 were reviewed and analyzed, and causes of neck shortening were statistically analyzed. And the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare indicators. Multivariate analysis was conducted with non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in age, sex, BMD, BMI, fracture type, posterior medial cortex comminution, and reduction quality between patients with femoral neck shortening and those without femoral neck shortening. Logistic regression analysis showed that fracture type, posterior medial cortex comminution, and reduction quality were the main risk factors for neck shortening. Conclusion：Fracture type, posterior medial cortex comminution, and reduction quality can be used as important reference indexes to predict the possibility of neck shortening after internal fixation with parallel, partially threaded, cannulated cancellous screws for Pauwels type II femoral neck fracture in young patients.BMD and BMI may be also risk factors.
Factors Affecting Family Business Succession in the Food Hawking Business in Malaysia
Authors: Ng Jonathan Cho Kin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Food hawking businesses around the world largely contribute to the economy of countries and provides much needed jobs that feed employment, even though earnings are low. The food hawking business in Malaysia is under threat of extinction due to the reluctance of the next generation in taking over the food hawking businesses from the elderships. As research in the area of family business succession is scarce, this study serves to add to the theoretical aspect of the area. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of vending environment, operating hours, successor willingness, relationship among family members and preparation level of heir on the intention of family succession in the food hawking business in Malaysia. Leader’s approval was also studied as a potential moderator. The methodology used was a questionnaire survey study design with a sample size of 208, respondents were obtained via convenience sampling from Kuala Lumpur and Penang as hawkers are abundant in these two locations. Findings show that vending environment, successor willingness, relationship among family members and preparation level of heir have a significant effect on the intention of family succession in the food hawking business in Malaysia. Leader’s approval was found to be insignificant as a moderator. Operating hours was not significant, possibly due to the difference in importance placed by Malaysian hawkers in succession.
Eye Movement Biomarkers Allow for the Definition of Phenotypes in Gaucher Disease
Authors: Donald Aimee , Tan Chong Yew , Chakrapani Anupam , Hughes Derralyn , Sharma Reena , Cole Duncan , Bardins Stanislav , Gorges Martin , Jones Simon Allan , Schneider Erich 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Neurological forms of Gaucher disease, the inherited disorder of b-Glucosylceramidase caused by bi-allelic variants in GBA1, is a progressive disorder which lacks a disease-modifying therapy. Systemic manifestations of disease are effectively treated with Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT), however, molecules which cross the blood-brain barrier are still under investigation. Clinical trials of such therapeutics require robust, reproducible clinical endpoints to demonstrate efficacy and clear phenotypic definitions to identify suitable patients for inclusion in trials. The single consistent clinical feature in all patients with neuronopathic disease is the presence of a supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy, in the presence of Gaucher disease this finding serves as diagnostic of ‘type 3’ Gaucher disease. MethodsWe undertook a study to evaluate saccadic eye movements in Gaucher patients and to assess the role of the EyeSeeCam in measuring saccades. The EyeSeeCam is a video oculography device which was used to run a protocol of saccade measures. We studied 39 patients with non-neurological Gaucher disease (type 1), 21 patients with type 3 (neurological) disease and a series of 35 healthy controls. Mean saccade parameters were compared across disease subgroups. ResultsWe confirmed the saccadic abnormality in patients with type 3 Gaucher disease andidentified an unexpected subgroup of patients with type 1 Gaucher disease who demonstrated significant saccade parameter abnormalities. These patients also showed subtle neurological findings and shared aGBA1 variant. ConclusionsThis striking novel finding of a potentially attenuated type 3 Gaucher phenotype associated with a specific GBA1 variant and detectable saccadic abnormality prompts review of current disease classification. Further, this finding highlights the broad spectrum of neuronopathic Gaucher phenotypes relevant when designing inclusion criteria for clinical trials.
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt In COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Simões de , Rímoli José Ragide Jamal , Valle Leonardo Guedes Moreira , Benini Bárbara Burza , Siqueira Luiz Tenório de Brito 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) should be considered in all liver transplant candidates, besides being a life-saving procedure in bleeding from esophageal or gastric varices. In this case, we describe the management of a patient with diagnosis of coronavirus (COVID-19) with variceal bleeding in an emergency situation with worsening of pulmonary function.
COVID-19 pandemic fear and anxiety among healthcare professionals in Pakistan
Authors: Saleem Zohra , Majeed Muhammad Mansoor , Rafique Sara , Siqqiqui Zarah , Ghandhi Dinaz , Tariq Hira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
During the current pandemic, Pakistan is badly affected. It has exerted great pressure on vigor as well as the psychology of the healthcare professionals. Limited resources, illiteracy, myths, and not following the proper protocol by the general population may have increased the risk for everyone, and anxiety and fear among the frontline healthcare professionals. Anxiety is a common response to any stressful situation and its the fear of the unknown and it may have multiple consequences.In the current study, we attempted to analyze the fear and anxiety among the healthcare professionals of Pakistan.Methodology: An online questionnaire-based survey was performed using a non-probability snowball sampling technique. The questionnaire was validated and comprised of demographics and 10 questions regarding fear and anxiety as per fear of coronavirus-19 scale (FCV-19S). SPSS 21 was used for data analysis.Data of 404 participants analyzed. A significant difference between gender, age group, and the profession was found (p<0.05). Out of 404 participants, 322 (79.70%) were considered to have high and severe anxiety (p=0.020). Based on the results anxiety was reported higher among the nurses and in females. A significant relationship was observed between fear and anxiety score and the different healthcare professionals with p value< 0.001 (Multilinear regression).Concerning the high occurrence of anxiety and fear among healthcare professionals appropriate psychological/psychiatric intervention necessitates and emphasizes the need to implement urgent measures.
Withaferin A: a potential therapeutic agent against COVID-19 infection
Authors: Straughn Alex R. , Kakar Sham S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The outbreak and continued spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a preeminent global health threat that has resulted in the infection of over 6 million people worldwide. In addition, the pandemic has claimed the lives of over 350,000 people worldwide. Age and the presence of underlying comorbid conditions have been found to be key determinants of patient mortality. One such comorbidity is the presence of an oncological malignancy, with cancer patients exhibiting an approximate two-fold increase in mortality rate. Due to a lack of data, no consensus has been reached about the best practices for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Interestingly, two independent research groups have discovered that Withaferin A (WFA), a steroidal lactone with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties, may bind to the viral spike (S-) protein of SARS-CoV-2. Further, preliminary data from our research group has demonstrated that WFA does not alter expression of ACE2 in the lungs of tumor-bearing female mice. Downregulation of ACE2 has recently been demonstrated to increase the severity of COVID-19. Therefore, WFA demonstrates real potential as a therapeutic agent to treat or prevent the spread of COVID-19 due to the reported interference in viral S-protein to host receptor binding and its lack of effect on ACE2 expression in the lungs.
El modelo “clase invertida” en química analítica
Authors: Balverdi Cecilia Viviana , Balverdi María del Pilar , Marchisio Patricia Fátima , Sales Adriana María 
Published: June 2020

<p>En la actualidad se trata de trasladar el eje central del acto pedagógico del docente hacia el alumno, transformándolo así en responsable activo de la adquisición del conocimiento. Es por ello que se implementó el modelo de clase invertida en la enseñanza de un tema fundamental en el área de la química analítica instrumental con el fin de mejorar el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del mismo. Se trabajó con un grupo de 15 alumnos de la Licenciatura en Química de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina. Se escogió el tema de espectrometría de absorción atómica para la aplicación del modelo aula invertida. La experiencia se evaluó mediante dos herramientas. La primera fue la elaboración de un informe final global del tema que los estudiantes presentaron en forma individual y en el que se abarcaron contenidos teóricos y prácticos. La otra fue la realización de una encuesta de opinión a los alumnos en la que se indagó sobre su percepción respecto a la metodología de trabajo y los resultados alcanzados por ellos. Desde el punto de vista de los docentes involucrados, la experiencia fue muy positiva en cuanto a la adquisición de los conocimientos y sobre todo en el desarrollo de la práctica.</p>