bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peran Tokoh Agama dan Elit Politik Lokal Desa dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa Tanjung Raja Selatan Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Ogan Ili
Authors: Susanto Riyan 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini akan mengkaji dan mengurai mengenai fenomena maraknya peran tokoh Agama dan elit politik lokal dalam pemilihan kepala desa (pilkades) yang terjadi di Desa Tanjung Raja Selatan Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Ogan Ilir. Peneliti ini berusaha untuk melihat dan mengkaji bagaimana peran tokoh agama dan kuasa elit politik local serta relasi politisi tokoh agama elite politik lokal dalam proses Pemilihan Kepala Desa Tanjung Raja Selatan. Mengingat kemenangan yang diperoleh salah satu calon kepala desa tersebut memiliki tingkat kemenangan yang besar akibat dari dukungan tokoh agama dan elit politik lokal.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK BERAS DI KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Kurniawati Nurul Imani , Mege Stacia Reviany , Werdani Riandhita Eri 
Published: January 2021

A well-managed supply chain flow will make the product distribution up to the final consumers runs effectively and efficiently. This study aimed to analyze the rice supply chain flow in Demak Regency, Central Java Province. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the authors conducted field observations, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions with several parties as informants. The informants consisted of farmers, merchant collectors, rice grinders, wholesalers, retailers, and the Department of Agriculture and Trade Office officers. The results showed that the rice supply chain in Demak Regency starts from farmers to traders and mills, then to the wholesalers, retailers, Indonesian Bureau of Logistics, supermarkets, and final consumers. The government can encourage and facilitate every process to create effectiveness and efficiency in the rice supply chain in Demak Regency.
Keywords: distribution, rice, supply chain
The Assessment of Deforestation Impact Towards Microclimate and Environment in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Agaja Toluwalope Mubo , Adeleke Elisha Ademola , Adeniyi Enekole Esther , Afolayan Precious Temilade 
Published: January 2021

Nigeria obtains high rate of deforestation with a loss of about 60 percent of its primary forests between 2000 and 2005 as a result of logging, subsistence agriculture, wood exploitation, and urban expansion.This research assessed the level of deforestation and how it has affected Ilorin’s microclimate and the environments. The specific objectives of this study were assessing the relationship that occurs between deforestation and microclimate, examining deforestation and the impact it has within the study area of microclimate, and forecasting the microclimate within the study area by the year 2030. The statistical tools engaged were both descriptive (mean, frequency distribution table and, bar charts) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis). The research indicated that there is a significant relationship between deforestation with r2 variables of 0.888 for maximum temperature, 0.201 for minimum temperature, 0.997 for precipitation, 0.43 for solar output, -0.797 and -0.873 for evapotranspiration and relative humidity respectively and Ilorin’s microclimate. The study concludes that deforestation greatly influences the microclimate of Ilorin and occurs due to human’s anthropogenic activities. Deforestation has also led to climate change.
Keywords: Deforestation; Climate; Micro-climate; Vegetation Cover
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
Geospatial Approach for the Analysis of Forest Cover Change Detection using Machine Learning
Authors: Reddy R. Sanjeeva , Babu G. Anjan , Reddy A. Rama Mohan 
Published: January 2021

Spatial data classification is famous over recent years in order to extract knowledge and insights into the data. It occurs because vast experimentation was used with various classifiers, and significant improvement was examined in accuracy and performance. This study aimed to analyze forest cover change detection using machine learning. Supervised and unsupervised learning methods were used to analyze spatial data. A Vector machine was used to support the supervised learning, and a neural network method was used to support unsupervised learning. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to identify the bands and extract pixel information relevant to the vegetation. The supervised method shows better results because of its robust performance and better analysis of spatial data classification using vegetation index. The proposed system experimentation was implemented by analyzing the results obtained from Support Vector Machine (SVM) and NN (Neural Network) methods. It is demonstrated in the results that the use of NDVI mainly enhances the performance and increases the classifier's accuracy to a greater extent.
Keywords: Spatial data; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI;Vegetation index, Support Vector Machine; Neural Network; Forest Cover Change
Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
Special Issue on Advances in Abrasive Technology
Authors: Ohashi Kazuhito , Suzuki Hirofumi , Yamada Takazo 
Published: January 2021

As abrasive technologies are currently indispensable for production processes in the automotive, aerospace, optics, telecommunications, and healthcare industries, among others, it is essential that the application of abrasive processing to production be optimized and improved. To those ends, it is necessary to understand how to approach the task, as there are many processing factors to consider. However, priority is given to understanding the abrasive processing mechanism that determine finishing results, as well as the relationship between the processing factors and individual conditions. Measurement, analysis, and evaluation technologies are also important. Furthermore, the development of new abrasive tools or machining fluids and the active use of physicochemical phenomena are key to the development of advanced abrasive technologies.
Cutting-edge studies focusing on advanced abrasive technologies were collected for this special issue, which includes 12 papers covering the following topics:
- Quantitative evaluation of surface profile of grinding wheel
- Elucidation of grinding mechanism, based on grinding force
- Novel grinding wheel
- High-efficiency and high-accuracy grinding of difficult-to-cut materials
- Polishing technology using magnetic fluid slurry
- Application of ultrasonic waves or ultra-fine bubbles to coolants, and their effects on them
- Planarization technology for single-crystal silicon carbide
This issue is expected to help its readers to understand recent developments in abrasive technologies and to lead to further research.
We deeply appreciate the contributions of all authors and thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts.
The cost effectiveness of Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography compared with stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease
Authors: Javan-Noughabi Javad , Rezapour Aziz , Hajahmadi Marjan , Alipour Vahid , Jafari Abdosaleh , Faramarzi Ahmad , Najar Ali Vafaee 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Early diagnosis of coronary artery disease is very vital for success in treatment of this disease. However, the appropriate diagnostic modality for diagnosis of coronary artery disease is uncertain. Therefore, we conducted this study to compare the cost-effectiveness of Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography (SPECT) versus stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in Iran. A decision tree model was developed to compare the cost-effectiveness of SPECT versus stress echocardiography. This study was conducted in Tehran, capital of Iran, between April 1, 2017, and September 1, 2018. The cost analysis was conducted from a societal perspective and medical direct costs, nonmedical direct costs and indirect costs were estimated. Effectiveness was defined as the accurate detection of coronary artery disease and invasive coronary angiography was used as a gold standard. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was defined as an additional cost per correct diagnosis. SPECT was associated with higher costs and lower effectiveness compared with stress echocardiography. Therefore, stress echocardiography is dominant alternative compared to SPECT. The results also indicated that total cost per patient were $970.49 and $781.8 for SPECT and stress echocardiography, respectively. Also, the percent of true positive and true negative responses were %88 and %79 for SPECT and %90 and %92 for stress echocardiography. The results of this study indicate that stress echocardiography is the cost-effective modality in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease compared with SPECT. According to the results, it is suggested cardiologists use stress echocardiography instead of SPECT for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The result of the current study has significant concepts for decision-making in designing clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
Three-Body Photodissociation of Water Molecule: An Important Prebiotic Oxygen Source
Authors: Chang Yao , Yu Yong , An Feng , Luo Zijie , Quan Donghui , Zhang Xia , Hu Xixi , Li Qinming , Yang Jiayue , Chen Zhichao , Che Li , Zhang Weiqing , Wu Guorong , Xie Daiqian , Ashfold Michael , Yuan Kaijun , Yang Xueming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The provenance of oxygen on the Earth and other Solar planetary bodies is a fundamental issue. It has been widely accepted that the only prebiotic pathway to produce oxygen in the Earth’s primitive atmosphere was via vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation of CO2 and subsequent two O atom recombination. Here, we provide experimental evidence of three-body dissociation (TBD) of H2O to produce O atoms in both 1D and 3P states upon vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation using the newly developed tunable VUV free electron laser. Experimental results show that the TBD is the dominant pathway in the VUV H2O photochemistry at wavelengths between 90 and 107.4 nm. The relative abundance of water in the interstellar space with its exposure to intense VUV radiation suggests that the TBD of H2O and subsequent O atoms recombination should be an important prebiotic O2-production, which may need to be incorporated into interstellar photochemical models.
Maternal Educational Level Determine Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV Among HIV-exposed Infants in Governmental Health Facility of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Birhanu Minyichil , Ergetie Temesgen , Tenna Tiwobista , Ayana Tsehayinesh , Dessie Workie , Belay Workensh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Globally at the end of 2011, 3.2 million children under the age of 15 were living with HIV, among these children 91% found in Africa. In Ethiopia, one of every three children born to these women is infected with HIV. This study was done to determine mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection and its factors among HIV-exposed infants on PMTCT service. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 423 HIV exposed infants on PMTCT service in Bahir Dar city public health facility. Data were collected through chart review by using a pre-tested and structured checklist. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The dependent variable association with explanatory variables was determined using logistic regression. Statistical significance was considered at p-value <0.05 with 95% CI. Result: The proportion of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection among HIV-exposed infants on PMTCT services was 9.9%. Maternal educational status (AOR=3.196; 95% CI: 1.161-8.797), ANC follow-up (AOR=5.414; 95% CI: 1.860-15.761), age of infant at HIV infection confirmed (AOR=0.088; 95% CI: 0.033-0.238), and maternal CD4 count (AOR=3.162; 95% CI: 1.295-7.720) were factors significantly associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV.Conclusion: The overall proportion of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection among HIV exposed infants on PMTCT service were significantly high. This was due to low maternal educational status, absence of ANC follow-up, age of the infant at HIV infection confirmed, and low maternal CD4 count. Therefore, promoting women’s education, antenatal care, age of the infant at HIV test, and maintaining maternal CD4 count should be a great concern for health policymakers and health service providers.
Peripapillary Vessel Density Measurement of Quadrant and Clock-Hour Sectors in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Lin YongDong , Chen ShiRong , Zhang MingZhi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate peripapillary vessel density of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) eyes in quadrant and clock-hour sectors, and the diagnostic ability of peripapillary vessel density was also studied.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on forty-one PACG patients(50 eyes)and twenty-seven healthy subjects(27 eyes). The optic disc was imaged using a 1050-nm-wavelength swept-source optical coherence tomography system (DRI OCT Triton, TOPCON). Peripapillary vessel density was quantified by imageJ software. Characteristics of peripapillary vessel density of quadrant and clock-hour sectors were analyzed, and diagnostic capability was evaluated by areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUCs).Results: Compared to the control group, four quadrants and each clock-hour sectors of peripapillary vessel density of glaucomatous group decreased to different degrees, and vessel density reduced most at 7 o'clock. Except 4 o'clock, there was not any statistical difference between the diagnostic ability of peripapillary vessel density and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. The inferior quadrant peripapillary vessel density had the best diagnostic value (AUCs0.944), followed by 7 o'clock vessel density (AUCs0.937), average vessel density (AUCs0.926) and 7 o'clock RNFL thickness (AUCs0.922).Conclusions: In PACG, the diagnostic ability of peripapillary vessel density is equivalent to peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Understanding spatial characteristics of peripapillary vessel density in PACG may be helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Aluminium Release and Fluid Warming: Provocational Setting and Devices at Risk
Authors: Perl Thorsten , Nils Kunze-Szikszay , Bräuer Anselm , Michael Quintel , Roy Terrance , Kerpen Klaus , Telgheder Ursula 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fluid warming, recommended for fluid rates of > 500 ml h-1, is an integral part of patient temperature management strategies. Fluid warming devices using an uncoated aluminum containing heating element have been reported to liberate aluminum resulting in critical aluminum concentrations in heated fluids. We investigated saline solution (0.9%), artificially spiked with organic acids to determine the influence of fluid composition on aluminum liberation using the uncoated enFlow® device. Additionally the Level1® as a high volume fluid warming device and the ThermoSens® device were investigated. RESULTS: Saline solution spiked with lactate more than acetate, especially at a non acid pH, led to high aluminum liberation. Next to the enFlow® device, aluminum liberation was observed for the Level1® device, but not for the coated TermoSens®-device. CONCLUSION: Uncoated aluminum containing fluid warming devices lead to potential toxic levels of aluminum in heated fluids, especially in non acid fluids containing organic acids and their salts.
Melatonin Enhances Osteoblastogenesis from Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells via MMSET Mediated Chromatin Remodeling
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Xie Ying , Han Na , Wang Sheng , Wei Xuelei , Wang Jingya , Guo Jing , Jiang Hongmei , Wang Jingjing , Li Xin , Bian Xiyun , Hu Meilin , Zhu Zhongjiao , Wang Lijuan , Zhang Hui , Liu Chunhua , Liu Xiaozhi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Large numbers of elderly people have aging-associated osteoporosis, but efficient approaches to ameliorate bone loss are limited due to our poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we found that melatonin levels in bone marrow decreased with age, and melatonin primarily enhanced the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from elderly donors compared with fetal- or young adult-derived MSCs. Mechanistic studies indicated melatonin treatment alleviated the senescence-related hypermethylation of the MMSET promoter, leading to elevated expression of the histone methyltransferase NSD2, and promoted the histone H3 dimethylation modification at lysine 36 of the osteogenic genes RUNX2 and SP7/OSTERIX as a consequence. MMSET depletion partially abolished the effects of melatonin on osteogenesis in senescent MSCs in vitro. Moreover, melatonin treatment promoted bone formation and alleviated the progression of osteoporosis in a mouse model of aging. Clinically, severity of senile osteoporosis (SOP) in patients was associated with melatonin levels in bone marrow plasma and the MMSET expression in MSCs, and melatonin treatment enhanced osteoblastogenesis from MSCs derived from SOP patients. Our study discovered a previously unreported epigenetic regulatory role for melatonin in alleviating MSC senescence and suggests that melatonin may be a potent agent for preventing aging-associated osteoporosis.
NeoAPACHE Study Protocol Ii. Relationship Between Radiographic Pulmonary Area and Pulmonary Hypertension, Mortality, and Hernia Recurrence in Newborns With CDH.
Authors: Amodeo Ilaria , Pesenti Nicola , Raffaeli Genny , Macchini Francesco , Condò Valentina , Borzani Irene , Persico Nicola , Fabietti Isabella , Bischetti Giulia , Colli Anna Maria , Ghirardello Stefano , Gangi Silvana , Colnaghi Mariarosa , Mosca Fabio , Cavallaro Giacomo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To investigate the relationship between radiographic lung area and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) on the first day of life, mortality, and hernia recurrence during the first year of life in infants with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Retrospective cohort study on 77 CDH newborns. Lung area was calculated by tracing the lung’s perimeter, excluding mediastinal structures and herniated organs, on the preoperative chest X-ray performed within 24 hours after birth. Echocardiographic sPAP value, deaths, and recurrence cases were recorded. Logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. Deceased infants showed lower areas and higher sPAP values. One cm2 of rising in the total, ipsilateral, and contralateral area was associated with a 22%, 43%, and 24% reduction in mortality risk. sPAP values showed a decreasing trend at birth, with a maximum of 1.84 mmHg reduction per unitary increment in the ipsilateral area. Recurrence patients showed lower areas, with recurrence risk decreasing by 14% and 29% per unit increment of the total and ipsilateral area.In CDH patients, lung area at birth reflects impaired lung development and defect size, being associated with increased sPAP values, mortality, and recurrence risk.Clinical Trial Registration: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT04396028.
Preoperative Versus Postoperative Use of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block With Nonliposomal Bupivacaine on Postoperative Narcotic Use: A Retrospective Study.
Authors: Kalu Richard , Boateng Peter , Carrier Lauren , Garzon Jaime , Tang Amy , Reickert Craig , Stefanou Amalia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Enhanced recovery protocols optimize pain control via multimodal approaches that include transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative vs postoperative nonliposomal bupivacaine TAP block on postoperative narcotic use after colorectal surgery.Methods: A retrospective cohort study comparing postoperative narcotic use in patients who received preoperative (n = 240) vs postoperative (n = 22) nonliposomal TAP blocks. The study was conducted in a single tertiary care institution and included patients who underwent colorectal resections between August 2018 and January 2020. The study measured narcotics use in the postoperative and follow-up periods, operative details, length of stay, reoperation, and readmission rates.Results: Patients who received postoperative nonliposomal bupivacaine TAP blocks were less likely to require postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (59.1% vs 83.3%; p = 0.012) and opioid medications on discharge (6.4% vs 16.9%; p = 0.004) relative to patients who received preoperative TAP. When needed, a significantly smaller amount of opioid was prescribed to the postoperative group (84.5 vs 32.0 mg, p = 0.047). No significant differences were noted in the duration of postoperative PCA use, amount of oral narcotic use, and length of stay.Conclusions: Nonliposomal bupivacaine TAP block administered postoperatively was associated with significantly lower need for postoperative PCA and discharge narcotics. Given the overall short length of stay for the 2 groups, further study is needed to justify the additional cost of liposomal bupivacaine TAP blocks for patients undergoing colorectal resections.
Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical Student Education
Authors: Castelli Grace , Diab Dinah , Scimeca Alicia , Mehta Chintan , Payne Nicolette , Mershon John , Ray Shagnik , DeLancey John , Lee Cheryl , Posid Tasha 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The full impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic has yet to be seen, yet medical education has already been critically disrupted. As U.S. hospitals were forced to aggressively limit non-essential care to preserve personal protective equipment and minimize COVID-19 exposure, in-person education and hands-on training was nearly eliminated for students. The objective of this study was to immediately and comprehensively investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical student education. Medical students in the U.S. were invited to complete an online survey about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on their medical education experience. Students provided basic demographic information and answered questions about the impact of COVID-19 on their training/education, finances, and mental health. Results: Medical students reported nearly 18 fewer hours of patient care per week, an immediate switch to virtual learning (74%) along with grading changes (62%), and widespread cancellation of national exams. Additionally, 55% of fourth year students graduated early to provide direct clinical care. Students across years felt that changes from the pandemic would negatively affect their residency applications and that upcoming rotations would be impacted (p<0.001). Students reported that the pandemic had negatively affected their finances, increased their anxiety/stress, increased their feelings of burnout, and negatively impacted their work-life balance (p<0.001). Conclusion: Medical education has been critically impacted by COVID-19. Student perceptions and evaluation of experiences to date should be considered as educators prepare to ready students for academic and professional transitions in the context of continued COVID-19 disruptions and distanced learning.