bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Homeostatic Appetite System After Weight Loss Reflect a Normalization Toward a Lower Body Weight
Authors: DeBenedictis Julia Nicole , Nymo Siren , Ollestad Karoline Haagensli , Boyesen Guro Akersveen , Rehfeld Jens Frederik , Holst Jens Juul , Truby Helen , Kulseng Bard , Martins Catia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
To compare appetite markers in reduced-obese individuals with a nonobese control group.

Methods
A total of 34 adults with obesity who lost 17% body weight at week 13 and maintained this weight loss (WL) at 1 year were compared with 33 nonobese controls matched for body composition. Basal and postprandial subjective appetite ratings and appetite-related hormone concentrations (ghrelin, total peptide YY, peptide YY3-36, total and active glucagon-like peptide 1, and cholecystokinin) were measured in all participants and repeated at week 13 and 1 year in the weight-reduced group.

Results
WL led to a reduction in prospective food consumption and an increase in feelings of hunger, fullness, and ghrelin secretion (basal and postprandial), but these new ratings were no different from those seen in controls. Postprandial concentrations of active glucagon-like peptide 1, total peptide YY, and cholecystokinin were lower in individuals with obesity at all time points compared with controls.

Conclusion
The increased drive to eat (both subjective feelings of hunger and ghrelin concentrations) seen in reduced-obese individuals, both after acute and sustained WL, reflects a normalization toward a lower body weight. Overall, WL does not have a sustained negative impact on satiety peptide secretion, despite a blunted secretion in individuals with obesity compared with nonobese controls.
Comparison of CT-guided localization using hook wire or coil before thoracoscopic surgery for ground glass nodules
Authors: Liu Junzhong , Wang Xinhua , wang Yongming , Sun Minfeng , Liang Changsheng , Kang Liqing 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
To compare two kinds of metal markers for preoperative localization of ground glass nodules (GGNs).

Methods:
We retrospectively investigated data from 198 cases of GGN localization and compared the success rate and complications of both approaches.

Results:
In the hook wire and coil groups, the success rates of CT-guided localization for GGNs were 99.2 and 98.7%, respectively (p = 1.000). The success rates of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in both groups were 100% without transthoracic surgery. The post-localization complication rates in the hook wire group and coil group were 36.9 and 32.9% (p = 0.568), and the postoperative complication rates in the hook wire and coil groups were 13.9 and 11.8%, respectively (p = 0.672).

Conclusions:
Preoperative localization of GGNs with both hook wire and coil methods proved to be useful and effective. Both methods have acceptable preoperative and postoperative complication rates, but the localization and operation times were shorter for the hook wire group than the coil group.

Advances in knowledge:
Most of previous articles studied a single preoperative localization method. Few studies have compared the preoperative and postoperative methods for metal markers. This paper compared two preoperative localization methods for GGNs to provide clinical guidance.
Analysis of the deterioration of photostimulable phosphor plates
Authors: Souza-Pinto Gustavo Nascimento de , Santaella Gustavo Machado , Coli Amanda Achkar , Oenning Anne Caroline , Haiter-Neto Francisco 
Published: April 2020

Objectives: To assess, objectively to determine the deterioration of the photostimulable phosphor plates (PSPs) after several acquisitions. Methods: Two new PSPs without preliminary use were exposed with an intraoral X-ray unit, and the EXPRESS® (Instrumentarium Imaging, Tuusula, Finland) unit was used for scanning of the PSPs. A 12-stepwedge aluminum scale were used superimposed with the PSPs during the X-rays exposures to perform the objective analyses. Objective analysis was carried out by mean gray values using the Image J software through a region of interest (ROI) of 0.1 × 0.1 mm, and the data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA. Results: For each, the Express® PSP a total of 1800 images were acquired during 60 days. The objective analysis showed loss of the mean gray values between the initial and final images. Besides, the percentage of mean gray values’ loss was between 0.7%, for the thickest step, and 8.4%, for the lowest thickness step. Conclusion: After many X-ray exposures of the Express® PSP a singular deterioration in the mean gray values could be observed.
Every Contact Matters: the Role of the GDP
Authors: Gill Balraj 
Published: April 2020

‘Making Every Contact Count’ (MECC) is a government initiative headed by Public Health England and other organizations to provide support for patients to make positive behaviour changes to their health and wellbeing. The aim of MECC is to reduce the number of long-term diseases in the population that are attributable to behavioural risks factors. Primary dental practitioners are well positioned to provide the recommended brief advice on smoking, alcohol consumption and other factors. This article will highlight current guidance relating to these modifiable risk factors, and explain how dentists can interact with general medical practitioners in order to improve patient health. The aim of this paper is to provide details on what health issues the dentist should screen for, as well as the ways in which information can be passed onto the doctor in order to provide the best possible care for the patient. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentists are well positioned to ask and investigate issues relating to the patient's general health. This key information can be passed onto the general practitioner in order to address patient needs effectively.
The pleasures and pitfalls of life as a new consultant – an Anecdotal review part 1
Authors: Flett Andrew MC 
Published: April 2020

This first of a two-part article aims to provide a road map to the budding clinician wishing to take on the role of a Consultant Orthodontist. Part 1 suggests what to consider when taking up a new post and how to create an ideal unit. Part 2 will provide the author's personal insight into the first 18 months of a consultant post. Hints and tips from other newly qualified consultants are also provided, to enable future consultants to avoid the pitfalls and enjoy the pleasures of an immensely rewarding job. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To provide first-hand, real world knowledge of life as a new consultant orthodontist in the 21st century NHS.
Adapting social change: Swedish crime fiction as a medium for system correction
Authors: Larsen Mads 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Nordic Noir’s progenitor The Man on the Balcony from 1967 critiques social democracy from a Marxist viewpoint. The novel’s 1993 film adaptation, however, reuses the same crime to challenge neo-liberal globalization. From a story perspective, this is a drastic deviation from ideological fidelity. But a systems perspective shows that the adaptation adheres to functional fidelity for crime fiction as a medium for social discourse. By examining how the two works engage their respective eras’ contemporary issues, we see how Nordic Noir has become a mediator of error correction for Sweden as a social system. Adaptations are therefore expected to show greater fidelity to format than to content, which a systems approach can help facilitate. This perspective also suggests that our nation states – as we lose shared arenas for cultural discourse – will adapt less effectively to changes because it becomes harder to agree on what is real and what is fake.
Adaptations in the Franchise Era, 2001–16, Kyle Meikle (2019)
Authors: Winckler Reto 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Adaptations in the Franchise Era, 2001–16, Kyle Meikle (2019)
New York and London: Bloomsbury Academic, 181 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-50131-872-6, p/bk, £19.99
The Introspective Realist Crime Film, Luis M. García-Mainar (2016)
Authors: Platten David 
Published: April 2020

Review of: The Introspective Realist Crime Film, Luis M. García-Mainar (2016)
London: Palgrave Macmillan, 207 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13749-652-2, h/bk, £89.99
Diverse fragment lengths dismiss size selection for serum cell-free DNA: a comparative study of serum and plasma samples
Authors: Huang Yanqin , Mu Jiayi , Qi Lina , Ge Weiting , Fang Xuefeng , Song Yongmao , Yuan Ying , Zheng Shu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to determine the features of fragment length for circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma and serum samples.

Methods
Plasma and serum samples from different sources were randomly collected. Circulating cfDNA was extracted and purified by a precipitation-enriched and spin-column-based kit. The concentration of the purified DNA was immediately measured by a highly sensitive dsDNA quantitative assay, and then the fragment length was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. The abundance of a specific fragment was estimated by the area under curve (AUC) for the fragment peak in the capillary electrophoresis.

Results
A total of 199 plasma and 117 serum samples were extracted and analyzed. The average yield of cfDNA from the serum samples (131.67 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that from the plasma samples (32.78 ng/mL, p < 0.001). The average abundance of the 20–400 bp fragments in plasma cfDNA (84.4%) was significantly higher than that of serum cfDNA (51.9%, p < 0.001). Fragment peaks in serum cfDNA always presented in regions around 190 bp, 430 bp, and 630 bp, but plasma cfDNA generally showed a sharp peak in the 165–190 bp region and a much lower peak in the 300<uni-2013;400 bp region. Large fragments in plasma cfDNA were longer than 1000 bp and peaked around the 3000<uni-2013;4000 bp region while the large fragments in serum cfDNA were always shorter and peaked around the 1000 bp region.

Conclusions
The fragment lengths of serum cfDNA and plasma cfDNA have very different features. Fragment size selection is suitable for plasma cfDNA but may not apply to serum cfDNA.
Positive answers to Koch’s problem in special cases
Authors: Banakh Taras , Bardyla Serhii , Guran Igor , Gutik Oleg , Ravsky Alex 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA topological semigroup is monothetic provided it contains a dense cyclic subsemigroup. The Koch problem asks whether every locally compact monothetic monoid is compact. This problem was opened for more than sixty years, till in 2018 Zelenyuk obtained a negative answer. In this paper we obtain a positive answer for Koch’s problem for some special classes of topological monoids. Namely, we show that a locally compact monothetic topological monoid S is a compact topological group if and only if S is a submonoid of a quasitopological group if and only if S has open shifts if and only if S is non-viscous in the sense of Averbukh. The last condition means that any neighborhood U of the identity 1 of S and for any element a ∈ S there exists a neighborhood V of a such that any element x ∈ S with (xV ∪ Vx) ∩ V ≠ ∅ belongs to the neighborhood U of 1.
Application of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction combined with liquid-liquid extraction method to the extraction of three pesticide residues from fruit and vegetable samples
Authors: Chen Sue , An Qi , Sun Hong , Mao Mengqian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA simple, inexpensive and sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous determination of three pesticide residues (carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, and imidacloprid) in fruit and vegetable samples using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) based on a combined pretreatment of ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction (UA-DES-E) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). In this study, various types of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and the extraction efficiency was compared as extraction solvents. Results showed that glycerol-proline = 9:4 (GP-5) obtained the highest extraction efficiency among different types of DESs. Experiment conditions, including DES volume, extraction time and pH, were systematically optimized using single-factor experiment. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were in the ranges of 0.05–0.2 μg·mL−1 and 0.1–0.5 μg·mL−1, respectively. The relative recoveries of the three pesticides in the fruit and vegetable samples ranged from 85.7 to 113.0% at two spiked levels. Meanwhile, the method achieved excellent linearity with determination coefficients (r) greater than 0.999. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to the analysis of the pesticides in real fruit and vegetable samples (apple, tomato, and grape).
Qué tan cerca estamos del control del cáncer cervical y la infección por el Virus de Papiloma Humano
Authors: Pérez Gonzalo E. 
Published: April 2020

En los últimos 30 años hemos sido testigos del vertiginoso crecimiento de la información y del conocimiento relacionados con la infección por el virus de papiloma humano (VPH).La razón de ello es la hoy clara asociación causal que existe entre ésta condición y múltiples tumores malignos, algunos de los cuales como el cáncer de cuello uterino, son problemas de salud pública, que han urgido la necesidad de encontrar soluciones.Y es que desde finales de la década de los 70 muchos grupos de investigación se dieron a la tarea incesante de estudiar el fenómeno de la infección, de la transmisión y los procesos de trasformación vinculados, desde diversos enfoques que incluyen las ciencias básicas, la epidemiología molecular y la epidemiología clínica. A finales de dicha década se identificó el genoma viral en tejido proveniente de muestras de carcinomas cervicales, la clonación del virus y su vinculación con una gran familia de virus epiteliotrópicos y la interpretación de los mecanismos de trasformación. Todo ello se complementó en la década de los 80 con los resultados de los primeros estudios de casos y controles que mostraron una fuerza de asociación que no dejaba ninguna duda acerca de la relación entre VPH y el cáncer de cuello uterino y se clasificó como un virus con capacidad oncogénica.1-3 En la década de los 90, los estudios de cohorte confirmaron los resultados y dieron aún más peso a la evidencia. Uno de ellos fue conducido en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá y es uno de los estudios de referencia a nivel mundial. Este nuevo siglo se inaugura con el desarrollo de las vacunas preventivas,8 que no solo constituyen la prueba inequívoca de la asociación causal, sino que nos llenan de esperanza hacia el futuro.
Parto vaginal instrumentado en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl durante un periodo de 5 años (2000-2004), Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Cortés Hernán , Escobar Eugenio 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: determinar el porcentaje de partos instrumentados en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, durante un periodo de 5 años y caracterizar los partos en relación al tipo de fórceps utilizados, indicaciones y técnica empleada. Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, realizado en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl del 2000 – 2004, donde se incluyeron todos los partos atendidos en este periodo. Resultados: se atendieron 9.255 partos, de los cuales el 2% (185), fueron instrumentados con fórceps. El fórceps más usado fue el de Kielland y el 63% fueron fórceps bajos y de desprendimiento. Se presentaron desgarros grados III y IV en el 19% de las pacientes sometidas a parto instrumentado. Conclusiones: se presentó una incidencia baja de parto instrumentado y está disminuyendo, la incidencia de desgarros fue baja en relación con otras series. Se debe estimular la enseñanza y práctica del arte de los fórceps.
Mecanismos para identificação de feições suspeitas provenientes de atividade petrolífera na área da Bacia de Campos no estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Moreira Juliana Fernandes , Moreira Marcos Antônio Cruz , Pinto Augusto Eduardo Miranda 
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo pretende demonstrar ao leitor a importância da utilização de tecnologias para identificação e tomada de decisões durante a ocorrência de um derrame acidental ou por descontrole operacional proveniente de atividades petrolíferas. Para tal processo, é necessário conhecer de forma integral, ou mesmo possuir uma estimativa deles, quais fatores ambientais influenciam a trajetória e intemperização do óleo, já que o ambiente oceânico é dinâmico. Em locais cuja atividade petrolífera é executada intensamente, é requerido que ações mais rotineiras e assertivas sejam implementadas. A área de exploração e produção de petróleo da bacia de Campos, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, é um deles. Isso devido à sua grande população de unidades de exploração e produção, bem como ao trânsito de embarcações de apoio a essa atividade. Somado a esses fatores, a costa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro possui importância turística e de pesca. Com esse cenário, faz-se necessária constante vigilância. A análise de imagens orbitais com a tecnologia SAR – radar de abertura sintética – para identificações de feições que podem conter substâncias oleosas contribui para um monitoramento efetivo e é capaz de promover uma melhor utilização de recursos quando assimilada com outras ferramentas de monitoramento ou combate à poluição por óleo
APLIKASI MIKORIZA DAN AZOLLA TERHADAP KEBUTUHAN AIR DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH PADA LAHAN MARJINAL
Authors: Begananada Begananda 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pupuk hayati mikoriza + azolla dengan pengurangan dosis anjuran pupuk N, P, dan K terhadap kebutuhan air, titik layu permanen, porositas, berat jenis isi, berat jenis partikel dan hasil tanaman bawang merah pada tanah ultisol. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAK dan diulang tiga kali. Faktor yang dicoba adalah (1) dosis pupuk hayati mikoriza + azolla dengan 3 taraf, yaitu: H1 = 10 g pupuk mikoriza + 0 g pupuk azolla, H2 = 20 g pupuk mikoriza + 10 g pupuk azolla, dan H3 = 30 g pupuk mikoriza + 20 g pupuk azolla per tanaman, dan (2) pengurangan dosis anjuran pupuk N, P dan K yang terdiri P0= pengurangan 0%, P1= pengurangan 25%, dan P2 = pengurangan 50%. Variabel yang diamati yaitu air tersedia, berat jenis isi, berat jenis partikel, porositas, batas cair, batas berubah warna, tinggi tanaman, bobot umbi segar, bobot umbi kering per polibag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza + azolla dapat menurunkan kebutuhan air tanaman, bobot umbi kering dan berat jenis isi tetapi tidak berpengaruh pada berat jenis partikel, porositas, titik layu permanen, tinggi tanaman, dan bobot umbi segar. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik yaitu pupuk hayati mikoriza + azolla 30 g per tanaman dan pengurangan dosis anjuran pupuk N, P dan K sekitar 43%. Kata Kunci : Bawang merah, kebutuhan air, Mikoriza, Azolla
INDUKSI PEMBUNGAAN KALE
Authors: Agustin Heny , Fauzi Ahmad Rifqi 
Published: April 2020

Kale sebagai salah satu tanaman yang kaya akan nutrisi memiliki harga yang cukup mahal dibandingkan sayuran lainnya. Harga yang tinggi diakibatkan karena benihnya harus dimpor dari luar negeri. Impor benih dilakukan karena kale tidak mampu berbunga bila ditanam pada kondisi iklim tropis seperti Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginduksi pembungaan kale melalui praktik agronomi dengan pemberian dosis pupuk N dan P serta pemberian giberelin (GA3) dengan berbagai konsentrasi untuk menginduksi munculnya bunga. Penelitian dilakukan sejak Agustus 2018 - Maret 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Agroekoteknologi, Universitas Trilogi, Jakarta. Penelitian terdiri atas dua set percobaan. Percobaan pertama menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dua faktor, yaitu dosis pupuk N (kg/ha) dengan tiga taraf yaitu 0 (kontrol), 100 dan 200 dan pemberian fosfor (kg/ha) dengan dosis 0 (kontrol), 100, 200, 300, 400 dan 500. Percobaan kedua menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor dengan menggunakan 11 taraf konsentrasi GA3 (ppm) yaitu 0 (kontrol), 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, dan 1000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pemberian pupuk N dan P belum efektif dalam menginisiasi pembentukan bunga, peningkatan N sampai 200 kg/ha meningkatkan bobot total panen, bobot daun layak konsumsi, dan luas daun tanaman kale 1.5 - 2 kali lipat serta pemberian ZPT GA3 sampai dengan 1000 ppm belum dapat menginduksi pembungaan kale. Tindakan agronomi pada penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa pemberian hara makro serta ZPT berdampak pada meningkatnya pertumbuhan organ-organ vegetatif kale yang diduga menekan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan organ-organ generatif. Sehingga ke depan, kajian dalam induksi pembungaan kale dapat dilakukan pada lingkungan yang terkendali dan disesuaikan dengan lingkungan tumbuh kale di habitat aslinya.Kata kunci: fosfor, GA3, impor benih, pupuk N
TINGKAT EKSPRESI GEN SPESIFIK PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) RENTAN DAN MODERAT TAHAN TERHADAP Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Raharti Vivi Restu , Hadi Sapto Nugroho , Martiansyah Irfan , Faizah Rokhana 
Published: April 2020

Penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) disebabkan oleh Ganoderma boninense merupakan penyakit penting pada perkebunan kelapa sawit yang mengakibatkan kerugian besar pada produksi tandan buah segar. Perbedaan ekspresi gen mempengaruhi respon ketahanan tanaman terhadap G. boninense. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ekspresi gen putatif spesifik pada tanaman kelapa sawit hasil persilangan yang diduga rentan dan moderat tahan terhadap G. boninense. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biokimia dan Biologi Molekuler Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia Bogor pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time qPCR) sebagai metode yang umum digunakan untuk studi ekspresi gen. Dua genotipe tanaman kelapa sawit rentan dan satu genotipe tanaman kelapa sawit moderat tahan terhadap G. boninense dilakukan pengujian kuantitatif menggunakan lima primer yang mengkode gen putatif yang diduga berhubungan dengan penyakit busuk pangkal batang. Gen putatif tersebut, yaitu EgMIK1, EgWAKL5, EgSOT12, EgACO1, dan EgGSTU19. Gen housekeeping EgActin digunakan sebagai gen referensi pada kontrol internal real-time qPCR. Variabel yang diamati terdiri atas amplification plot, melting curve, ekspresi basal, dan nilai rasio ekspresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima gen putatif diregulasi secara berbeda antara genotipe tanaman kelapa sawit A09, 23 dan 27. Ekspresi gen putatif dibandingkan antara genotipe tanaman kelapa sawit yang rentan (A09 dan 23) dan moderat tahan (27). Tiga gen putatif up-regulated EgACO1, EgSOT12, dan EgWAKL5 pada akar dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai biomarker positif yang potensial untuk tanaman kelapa sawit yang rentan. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan regulasi molekuler antara tanaman kelapa sawit yang rentan dan moderat tahan terhadap G. boninense. Kata kunci: Kelapa sawit, Ganoderma, ekspresi gen