bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLASSIFICATION, DIAGNOSIS AND MODERN APPROACHES TO THE SURGICAL CORRECTION OF MIRIZZY SYNDROME
Authors: Khvorostov Y. D. , Derykolenko V. V. , Bychkov S. A. , Tsivenko O. I. , Hrynov R. N. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Until now, there is no consensus on the classification, diagnosis, and definition of treatment tactics for Mirizzy syndrome (MS).
Materials and Methods. Examination and treatment of 152 patients with MS were analyzed. We used the classification of MS that we developed. It systematizes the concepts of Mirizzy syndrome, takes into account the staged formation of a biliary mobility and is of practical importance in the choice of surgical tactics, surgical access and scope of operation.
Results and discussion. The standardization of surgical tactics on the basis of the developed classification allows to significantly reduce postoperative complications and mortality. Criteria have also been identified that allow with high reliability to identify the presence of MS at the preoperative stage according to ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
Conclusions. The presented classification is structurally simple and practical in the selection of tactical and technical solutions in the treatment of MS. Clearly defines the clinical, pathomorphological and therapeutic-tactical aspects of this problem. Takes into account the staged formation of biliary mobility. The standardization of surgical tactics based on the developed classification allowed us to significantly reduce postoperative complications and mortality.
IMPRUVING HEMOSTASIS DURING ONESTAGE RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY AND SIMULTANEUS PREPERITONEAL HERNIOPLASTIC IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGH PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA AND INGUINAL HERNIAS
Authors: Shaprinskyi V. O. , Gorovyi V. I. , Kapshuk O. M. , Vorovskyi O. O. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Inguinal hernia is found in 2-8% of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The possibility of simultaneous elimination of prostatic obstruction and inguinal hernia requires improvement of the method of hemostasis during the performance of recumbent prostatectomy in order to reduce blood loss and time of surgery is a pressing issue for both abdominal surgery and urology.
Purpose of research. Improve the method of hemostasis in the performance of one-stage prostatectomy and simultaneous preabdominal plastic of inguinal hernia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia to reduce blood loss and time of operation.
Materials and methods of research. Preabdominal plastic of the inguinal hernia during a single-stage concurrent prostatectomy was performed for 32 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The first 6 patients, preperitoneal gernioplasty was performed before retropubic prostatectomy, for the last 26 patients - after a prostatectomy because of the possibility of loosening of the applied sutures at stretching of a wound by hooks.
Research and discussion of results. In order to reduce bleeding during prostate prostatectomy and time of surgery, we proposed to perform hemostatic U-shaped catgut sutures (No. 6) on the lateral surfaces of the prostate capsule on muscle pieces (pads) of the pyramidal abdominal muscle. Intraoperative blood loss during surgery was determined by weight. The application of the hemostasis technique in the performance of a single-stage concurrent prostatectomy and simultaneous preperitoneal plasticity of inguinal hernias for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia allowed to reduce the duration of surgery by 10-15 minutes, and blood loss by 150-250 ml.
Conclusions. The results of improvement of the method of hemostasis in the performance of a single-stage concurrent prostatectomy and simultaneous preperitoneal hernioplasty in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia show a decrease in the duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss. The use of mesh prosthesis in the performance of pre-abdominal plastics of inguinal hernias and one-time supraventricular prostatectomy allows one surgical pathology to be eliminated simultaneously with one access, to prevent recurrence of hernia, to improve the quality of life of the patient and to have economic justification.
EARLY CLINICAL MARKERS OF SEVERITY OF ACUTE NECROTIC PANCREATITIS
Authors: Syplyvy V. A. , Robak V. I. , Ievtushenko D. V. , Kurbatov V. O. , Grinchenko S. V. , Robak L. O. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Acute necrotic pancreatitis carries enough difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. Destructive forms with retroperitoneal tissue damage cause lethality up to 70 %.
The aim was to establish early clinical markers of disease severity.
Material and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 120 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups: first group – 40 patients without parapancreatitis; second group — 80 patients with parapancreatitis. Peripheral blood reaction, main biochemical indicators, blood electrolytes, general condition by integral scales were evaluated in this groups.
Results and discussion. On the admission day, the levels of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in patients in both groups were within normal limits. All patients had leukocytosis. All subjects had high LII rates. In the dynamics of treatment leukocytosis significantly decreased in the second group. Changes in clinical blood tests, urinalysis, ALT, AST, bilirubin, urea, creatinine were not significant.
Conclusions. Postoperative mortality was 27.2 %. 67 % of patients had parapancreatitis. It was revealed, that reliable early markers of severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis are: level of WBC, leucocyte intoxication index, intoxication indicator, organism`s resistance index, reactive neutrophilic response, C-reactive protein and level of calcium. It was proved, that evaluation of patient`s condition by scales ASSES, SAPS II and Ranson objectively reflects the patient`s condition during the course of treatment.
DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF PSEUDOCYST WALL FORMATION AND INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
Authors: Babii O. M. , Shevchenko B. F. , Tuzko A. V. , Tatarchuk O. M. , Petishko O. P. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. Objective. To increase the efficiency of diagnostics in determining the wall formation of the pancreatic pseudocyst and the activity of the inflammatory process.
Materials and methods. A total of 99 patients were examined who underwent digestive tract surgery from 2006 to 2019 with pseudocyst that developed on the background of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
There were 73 males (73.74 %), 26 females (26.26 %), 21 to 74 years of age (47.55–2.4 years). Based on the morphological data of the biopsy material, pancreatic pseudocyst (PC) wall formation and inflammatory activity in chronic pancreatitis, patients were divided into two representative groups: Group I (n = 41) — patients with formed wall of PC, group II (n=58) — patients with unformed PC wall. Morphology data were compared with the data of immunological parameters and radiation diagnostic methods.
Results. The TNF-α/IL-10 ratio was higher (p <0.05) in patients in group II than in group I. To differentiate the activity of inflammation, a threshold value of 1.4 was set (sensitivity — 86.7 %, specificity — 59.1 %). The IL-6/IL-10 ratio was higher (p <0.05) in group II patients, which also indicated an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and was characteristic of active inflammation. The threshold value of the ratio of IL-6/IL-10, above which patients were diagnosed with active inflammation in the PC wall — less than or equal to 1.1 (sensitivity — 91.7 %, specificity — 84.6 %). In group II patients, the level of PMN-elastase was higher (p<0.05) than in group I, which indicated the activity of inflammation. Threshold of fecal PMN-elastase, above which patients were diagnosed with active inflammation of PC wall less than or equal to 84 ng/ml (sensitivity — 90.9 %, specificity - 66.7 %). 3. According to ultrasound/MSCT, the wall thickness of PC in group I was (4.41±0.49)/(4.27±2.02) mm, in group II (2.50±0.52)/(2.75±1.44) mm, which is probably less than 1.7 times and 1.6 times (p <0.05) with the unformed PC wall. According to SWE, the threshold value of the average stiffness values ​​of the PC wall, above which it was diagnosed, was> 7.6 kPa (sensitivity — 80.0 %, specificity 78.9 %).
Conclusions. Indices of TNF-α/IL-10, IL-6/IL-10, PMN-elastase, ultrasound, MSCT, SWE have been determined, which allow to evaluate the formation of PC wall and the activity of the inflammatory process.
EVOLUTION OF VIEWS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN SURGICAL MAGNETIC INSTRUMENTS ON THE CASE OF INFLAMMATORY PENETRATING INJURIES OF THE BREAST
Authors: Bunin Yu. V. , Zamyatin P. M. , Mihаylusov R. M. , Negoduyko V. V. , Beresnyev S. O. , Provar L. V. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. The arms — to analyze the evolution of the development of modern surgical instruments in gunshot wounds chest.
Materials and methods. 80 cases of using a modern magnetic surgical instrument for penetrating gunshot wounds of the chest were analyzed. Intraoperatively used: a magnetic multifunctional tool for the diagnosis and removal of metallic ferromagnetic foreign bodies, a flexible device for removing ferromagnetic foreign bodies, a magnetic tool for endovideoscopic diagnosis and removal of metallic ferromagnetic foreign bodies from the abdominal and pleural cavities, a magnetic nozzle for video endoscopic surgical interventions. When removing metal foreign bodies, the following methods were used: a method for preliminary determination of the material and properties of a foreign body, a method for video endoscopic laser visualization of the internal organs of the abdominal and pleural cavities.
Results. Foreign bodies of the pleural cavity were diagnosed in 80 (100 %) wounded according to СT. Ferromagnetic metal foreign bodies of a gunshot origin of the pleural cavity were removed both during thoracotomy or minithoracotomy, and during thoracoscopic surgical interventions using the method of video endoscopic laser visualization of the internal organs of the abdominal and pleural cavities. The most convenient tool was the endoscopic magnetic tool for removing foreign bodies from the pleural or abdominal cavities. A magnetic nozzle for video endoscopic surgical interventions allows navigation both in the pleural cavity and along the wound channel.
Conclusions.
1. The development of a surgical magnetic instrument was phased and began with the improvement of a surgical magnetic instrument to remove ferromagnetic foreign bodies of soft tissues.
2. The improvement of the tool took place as the restrictions on the use of the existing tool were established, which was a prerequisite for the development of a new tool.
3. It is advisable to create a special set of surgical magnetic instruments for video endoscopic surgery.
STRUCTURE AND METHODS OF TREATMENT BLEEDING FROM THE UPPER DEPARTMENTS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: Lopatenko D. E. , Aleksandrov М. A. , Kolesnik V. P. 
Published: July 2020

Summary. The aim of our work was to optimize endoscopic care for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and to identify optimal methods of endoscopic hemostasis.
Materials and Methods. We analysed the outcome of the treatment of 297 patients with endoscopic hemostasis, which included infiltration of the parasasal area with colloidal solution and electrocoagulation.
Results and Discussion. The study showed that the most common source of bleeding were duodenal ulcers — 45.8 % of observations. Endoscopic methods of stopping and preventing bleeding were effective in 75.5 % of cases.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of endoscopic hemostasis in patients with bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract is determined by a differentiated approach. In the structure of gastrointestinal bleeding in the multidisciplinary emergency hospital, gastroduodenal ulcers predominate — 76.8 %. In ulcerative bleeding, the efficacy of endoscopic combined hemostasis is 97.0 %.
COVID-19
Authors: Pandit Nitin 
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 continues to teach us lessons about our urban design, which has been so divorced from natural systems. Specifically, world over, it has challenged the decades old principle of urban planning which says that cities should be as dense as can be. With ingrained lifestyles in the dense concrete jungles, it becomes difficult for those who benefit from urban density to admit that there is a limit to density when we ourselves have become the vectors and victims of the virus. Meanwhile in densely urban India, the poor migrants bear the risk of being exported from the urban dreams that they never got to share. That may or may not change the traditional orientation toward growth-at-all-costs, but there may be an increased appreciation and demand among the urbanites for working with nature.
A Catalog of Holes and Shells in the Interstellar Medium of the LITTLE THINGS Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Pokhrel Nau Raj , Simpson Caroline E. , Bagetakos Ioannis 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a catalog of holes and shells in the neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) of 41 gas-rich dwarf galaxies in LITTLE THINGS (Local Irregulars That Trace Luminosity Extremes, The H i Nearby Galaxy Survey). We analyzed their properties as part of an investigation into the relation between star formation and structures and kinematics in the H i of small galaxies. We confirmed 306 holes between 38 pc (our resolution limit) and 2.3 kpc, with expansion velocities up to 30 km s−1. The global star formation rates (SFRs) measured by Hα and far-UV (FUV) emission are consistent with those estimated from the energy required to create the cataloged holes in our sample. Although we found no obvious correlation between global SFRs and the H i surface and volume porosities of our sample, two of the four galaxies with the lowest porosity and the two galaxies with the highest porosity have no recent star formation as measured by Hα and FUV emission.
A White Dwarf with Transiting Circumstellar Material Far outside the Roche Limit
Authors: Vanderbosch Z. , Hermes J. J. , Dennihy E. , Dunlap B. H. , Izquierdo P. , Tremblay P.-E. , Cho P. B. , Gänsicke B. T. , Toloza O. , Bell K. J. , Montgomery M. H. , Winget D. E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We report the discovery of a white dwarf exhibiting deep, irregularly shaped transits, indicative of circumstellar planetary debris. Using Zwicky Transient Facility DR2 photometry of ZTF J013906.17+524536.89 and follow-up observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory, we identify multiple transit events that recur every ≈107.2 days, much longer than the 4.5–4.9 hr orbital periods observed in WD 1145+017, the only other white dwarf known with transiting planetary debris. The transits vary in both depth and duration, lasting 15–25 days and reaching 20%–45% dips in flux. Optical spectra reveal strong Balmer lines, identifying the white dwarf as a DA with

and

. A Ca ii K absorption feature is present in all spectra both in and out of transit. Spectra obtained during one night at roughly 15% transit depth show increased Ca ii K absorption with a model atmospheric fit suggesting [Ca/H] = −4.6 ± 0.3, whereas spectra taken on three nights out of transit have [Ca/H] of −5.5, −5.3, and −4.9 with similar uncertainties. While the Ca ii K line strength varies by only 2σ, we consider a predominantly interstellar origin for Ca absorption unlikely. We suggest a larger column density of circumstellar metallic gas along the line of site or increased accretion of material onto the white dwarf’s surface are responsible for the Ca absorption, but further spectroscopic studies are required. In addition, high-speed time series photometry out of transit reveals variability with periods of 900 and 1030 s, consistent with ZZ Ceti pulsations.
An In Situ Interplanetary “U-burst”: Observation and Results
Authors: Martínez Oliveros Juan Carlos , Castillo Saida Milena Díaz , Krupar Vratislav , Pulupa Marc , Bale Stuart D. , Calvo-Mozo Benjamín 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We report and examine the observation of an unusual and rare in situ electron observation associated with a solar type III radio burst on 1996 December 24. This radio event was accompanied by high-energy electrons, measured by the Solid State Telescope on board the Wind spacecraft. The type III radio emission started at ≈13:10 UTC and was associated with a C2.1 GOES-class flare whose maximum was at 13:11 UTC and hosted by the active region NOAA 8007/8004, located on the west limb at N05° W74°/N06° W85°. During this event, the observation of an electron energy distribution likely to be associated with the radio emission was registered. The electrons arrive at the spacecraft predominantly from the antisolar direction, suggesting that their general motion is sunward along a closed magnetic field line. Leblanc et al. propose a model in which energetic electrons are injected into a coronal flux tube at one of its footpoints, releasing standard type-III emission. As the magnetic field then directs them back toward the magnetic-conjugate footpoint of the first, the electrons release subsequent emission whose radio profile is a quasi-time reversal of the standard. We have constructed a cylindrical flux rope facsimile of this scenario that reproduces the U-burst profiles. We also report observational features indicating a secondary electron energy distribution and propose a scenario that explains this feature.
A Search for Gravitational Waves from Binary Mergers with a Single Observatory
Authors: Nitz Alexander H. , Dent Thomas , Davies Gareth S. , Harry Ian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a search for merging compact binary gravitational-wave sources that produce a signal appearing solely or primarily in a single detector. Past analyses have heavily relied on coincidence between multiple detectors to reduce nonastrophysical background. However, for ∼40% of the total time of the 2015–2017 LIGO-Virgo observing runs only a single detector was operating. We discuss the difficulties in assigning significance and calculating the probability of astrophysical origin for candidates observed primarily by a single detector and suggest a straightforward resolution using a noise model designed to provide a conservative assessment given the observed data. We also describe a procedure to assess candidates observed in a single detector when multiple detectors are observing. We apply these methods to search for binary black hole (BBH) and binary neutron star (BNS) mergers in the open LIGO data spanning 2015–2017. The most promising candidate from our search is 170817+03:02:46UTC (probability of astrophysical origin p
astro ∼ 0.4): if astrophysical, this is consistent with a BBH merger with primary mass

, suggestive of a hierarchical merger origin. We also apply our method to the analysis of GW190425 and find

, though this value is highly dependent on assumptions about the noise and signal models.
Band-limited Features in the Primordial Power Spectrum Do Not Resolve the Hubble Tension
Authors: Liu MiaoXin , Huang Zhiqi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For a standard ΛCDM universe with a power-law primordial power spectrum, the discrepancy between early- and late-universe measurements of the Hubble constant continued to grow and recently reached 5.3σ. During inflation, local features in the inflationary potential often lead to band-limited features in the primordial power spectrum, hence breaking the power-law assumption in the derivation of the Hubble tension. We investigate whether such inflationary “glitches” can ease the Hubble tension. The recently released Planck temperature and polarization data and the 2019 SH0ES+H0LiCOW joint constraint on the Hubble constant are combined to drive a blind Daubechies wavelet signal search in the primordial power spectrum, up to a resolution

. We find no significant detection of any features beyond power law. With 64 more degrees of freedom injected in the primordial power spectrum, the Hubble tension persists at a 4.9σ level.
Toward an Understanding of the Massive Red Spiral Galaxy Formation
Authors: Guo Rui , Hao Cai-Na , Xia Xiaoyang , Shi Yong , Chen Yanmei , Li Songlin , Gu Qiusheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To understand the formation and quenching processes of local massive red spiral galaxies with M
* > 1010.5
M
⊙, we perform a statistical analysis of their spectroscopic and structural properties and compare them with elliptical and blue spiral galaxies of similar mass. The sample was selected from the stellar mass catalog of galaxies in SDSS DR7, according to their locations on the u − r color−stellar mass diagram. We find that red spirals harbor compact cores with high stellar mass surface densities measured by Σ1 and are bulge dominated. Particularly, the red spirals, especially their bulges, follow the Σ1–M
* ridgeline for quenched galaxies. Furthermore, the red spirals show similarly large central D

n
(4000), high [Mg/Fe], and dark matter halo mass to ellipticals. These results suggest that the bulges of red spirals formed within a short timescale before redshift ∼1–2 and were quenched via a fast mode, similar to ellipticals. Careful examinations of the optical morphologies reveal that ∼70% of red spirals show strong bars, rings/shells, and even merging features, which suggests that interactions or mergers might have played an important role in the formation of red spirals. In contrast, most of the massive blue spirals have completely different spectral and structural properties from red spirals. However, the blue spirals with high Σ1 (

) show similar structural and morphological properties, as well as similar halo mass and H i mass to red spirals. We discuss rejuvenation from red to blue as a possible explanation for these high-Σ1 blue spirals.
Intermediate Luminosity Red Transients by Black Holes Born from Erupting Massive Stars
Authors: Tsuna Daichi , Ishii Ayako , Kuriyama Naoto , Kashiyama Kazumi , Shigeyama Toshikazu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We consider black hole formation in failed supernovae when a dense circumstellar medium (CSM) is present around the massive star progenitor. By utilizing radiation hydrodynamical simulations, we calculate the mass ejection of blue supergiants and Wolf–Rayet stars in the collapsing phase and the radiative shock occurring between the ejecta and the ambient CSM. We find that the resultant emission is redder and dimmer than normal supernovae (bolometric luminosity of 1040–

, effective temperature of ∼5 × 103 K, and timescale of 10–100 days) and shows a characteristic power-law decay, which may comprise a fraction of intermediate luminosity red transients (ILRTs) including AT 2017be. In addition to searching for the progenitor star in the archival data, we encourage X-ray follow-up observations of such ILRTs ∼1–10 yr after the collapse, targeting the fallback accretion disk.
Explaining the Galilean Satellites’ Density Gradient by Hydrodynamic Escape
Authors: Bierson Carver J. , Nimmo Francis 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Galilean satellites exhibit a monotonic decrease in density (and increase in ice mass fraction) with distance from Jupiter. Whether this is because of the background conditions when they formed, the process of accretion itself, or later loss due to tidal heating has been in dispute for 40 yr. We find that a hitherto largely neglected process—vapor loss driven by accretional heating—can reproduce the observed density trend for accretion timescales ≳300 kyr, consistent with gas-starved satellite formation models. In this model, both Io and Europa develop an early surface liquid water ocean. Vapor escape from this ocean causes the water inventories of Io and Europa to be completely and mostly lost, respectively. Isotopic fractionation arising from vapor loss means that Europa will develop a higher D/H ratio compared with Ganymede and Callisto. We make predictions that can be tested with in situ measurements of the D/H of potential Europa plumes by the Europa Clipper spacecraft or infrared spectroscopic determinations of D/H at all three bodies.