bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical behavior and enhanced photocatalytic activity of (Ag, Ni) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from co-precipitation technique
Authors: Jeyachitra R. , Kalpana S. , Senthil T. S. , Kang Misook 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) dye is the most common harmful, toxic, and non-biodegradable effluent produced by the textile industries. The present study investigates the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag–Ni doped ZnO NPs on the performance of photocatalytic degradation of MB dye. Pure ZnO and Ag–Ni doped ZnO NPs are synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The crystalline nature and surface morphology of the synthesized pure ZnO and Ag–Ni doped ZnO NPs was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. The presence of spherical-like morphologies was confirmed from SEM and HRTEM analysis. The presence of Ni–O and Zn–O bands in the synthesized materials was found by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. The MB dye was degraded under UV-light exposure in various pH conditions. The Ag (0.02%)–Ni doped ZnO NPs exhibits highest photocatalytic activity of 77% under pH 4.
Escherichia coli removal during domestic wastewater treatment in outdoor high rate algae ponds: long-term performance and mechanistic implications
Authors: Chambonniere Paul , Bronlund John , Guieysse Benoit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) first-order decay rates ranging from 3.34 to 11.9 d−1 (25–75% data range, N = 128) were recorded in two outdoor pilot-scale (0.88 m3) high rate algal ponds (HRAPs) continuously fed primary domestic wastewater over two years (influent E. coli cell count of 4.74·106 ± 3.37·106 MPN·100 mL−1, N = 142). The resulting removal performance was relatively constant throughout the year (log10-removal averaging 1.77 ± 0.54, N = 128), apart from a significant performance drop during a cold rainy period. E. coli removal performance was not strongly correlated to any of the meteorological or operational parameters recorded (e.g. sunlight intensity, pH, temperature). Hourly monitoring of E. coli cell count evidenced that E. coli removal, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and pond temperature peaked in the late afternoon of sunny summer days. Such improved daytime removal was, however, not evidenced in spring, even under sunny conditions causing milder increases in pH, DO and temperature. Overall, the data confirm the potential of HRAPs to support efficient E. coli removal during secondary domestic wastewater treatment and suggests E. coli decay was mainly caused by dark mechanisms episodically enhanced by indirect sunlight-mediated mechanisms and/or high pH toxicity.
Dentition Status and Treatment Needs Among Orphans in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Alsayeh Abdulrahman , Abdulbaseer Mohammed , Aljelaly Heyam , Alshamrani Bader , Aldaijy Reem , Alshlash Khalid , Odeh Tala , Alshiha Abdulrahman 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Oral health affects the general health and quality of life of an individual. It has been well documented that the absence of family support influences the general and oral health of children. Factors that lead to the development of a disease are likely to have their roots in a complex chain of environmental events that may have begun years before the disease occurs. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of dental caries and assess treatment needs of the orphans of Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 238 orphaned children aged 6 to 18 years. Clinical examination was conducted by two doctors, and oral findings were recorded according to the World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment form (1997). The data collected was analyzed using SPSS 21.0.

Results:
Results revealed that 37% of the participants reported that they do not brush their teeth, 23%of the participants reported that they do not brush regularly, 17% of the participants reported that they brush one time daily, and 23% of the participants reported that they brush twice daily. The prevalence of dental caries among the participants was 96.6%. When examining treatment needs among study participants, 7.6% might need preventive caries arresting care, 49.6% might need fissure sealant applications, 51.3% might need at least one surface filling, 13.1% might need two or more surface filling, 2.5% might need crown for any reason, 0.4% of participants might need veneer or laminate, 0.2% of participants might need pulp care and restoration, and 8.1% might need extraction.

Conclusion:
Results of our study indicate that orphan children have low utilization of preventive and therapeutic oral health services. Urgent attention is required to plan a comprehensive dental health-care program to improve their oral health status.
Virological Failure and Associated Risk Factors among HIV/AIDS Pediatric Patients at the ART Clinic of Jimma university Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Osman Fozia T. , Yizengaw Mengist A. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Pediatric antiretroviral treatment failure is an under-recognized issue that receives inadequate attention in the field of pediatrics and within HIV treatment programs. Despite the reduction in morbidity and mortality, a considerable proportion of patients fail to achieve a sustained virologic response to therapy. Thus virological failure is an increasing concern globally.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the virological failure and associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS pediatric patients at Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) follow up clinic of Jimma University Medical Center, southwest Ethiopia.

Methods:
An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at the ART follow-up clinic of Jimma University Medical Center. A structured English version checklist was developed and used for data extraction from patients’ charts from April -May 2019. Then the data was coded and entered using epi data 4.2 and exported to statistical package for social science (SPSS version 22) for analysis. Descriptive analysis was conducted for categorical as well as continuous variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed in a backward, step-wise manner until a best-fit model was found.

Results:
Of 140 HIV/AIDS pediatric patients enrolled in this study, 72(51.4%) were male and the mean age was 9.7±3.3 Years. ABC-3TC-NVP was the commonly used ART medication in this population, which was 37.1% followed by AZT-3TC-EFV(32.1%). The mean duration of antiretroviral treatment (ART) follow-up was 63.8±29.4 months. Among the study population, 11.0% of them had virological failure. Weight at ART initiation [OR=1.104, 95 CI% [1.013-1.203], p=0.024] and WHO clinical stage 3 [AOR=0.325, 95CI, 0.107-0.991,P=0.048] were the significant risk factors for the virological failure.

Conclusion:
A significant proportion of HIV/AIDS pediatric patients had virological failure. Weight at ART initiation and patients having WHO clinical stage 3 were risk factors associated with virological failure in this study. Governmental and non-governmental concerned bodies should invest their effort to devise strategies for the achievement of HIV/AIDS treatment targets.
Early Newborn Bath and Associated Factors among Parturient Women Who Gave Birth in the Last Month in Harar Region, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017.
Authors: Welay Fissaha T. , Mengesha Meresa B. , Gebremedhin Tsige S. , Gebremeskel Senait G. , Hidru Hagos D. , Weldegeorges Desta A. , Hailu Areaya G. , Baraki Mulu F. , Kassahun Selam S. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Neonatal thermal care is a vital intervention as newborns are susceptible to hypothermia than adults for certain reasons such as having a large body surface area, thin skin, little insulating fat, and overwhelmed thermoregulation mechanisms. Many newborn complications develop because of hypothermia due to thermal care malpractices. The leading thermal practice by women of developing countries is early bathing which predisposes newborns for life-threatening situations, such as low blood sugar levels, respiratory distress, abnormal clotting, jaundice, pulmonary hemorrhage and increased risk of developing infections. Hence, this research is aimed to provide substantial evidence regarding the women’s practices of newborn bath and the factors that determine early (<24hr) bathing.

Objective:
The study aimed to assess the early newborn bath and its associated factors among parturient women who gave birth in the last month in the Harar region, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017.

Methods:
The study applied an institutional-based cross-sectional study design by recruiting 433 women. The data collectors interviewed study participants face to face at the baby immunization ward from two hospitals and four health centers. The author calculated the sample size using a double population proportion formula. A systematic sampling technique from the women’s medical registration frame was used to select the final study participants. The data collectors gathered the data using a structured questionnaire adapted from different literature, checking its consistency, reliability and validity by a pretest.

Results:
The response rate of this study was 99.8%. The early newborn bathing practice was found in 153 (35.4% with 95% (CI): (30.3%, 40.3%) women. Uneducated (AOR=3.12 95% CI: (2.12-5.3), no knowledge of hypothermia (AOR=4.95 95% CI: (3.10-12.2), being Primi para (AOR=3.5 95% CI: (2.5-5.6) and no utilization of newborn bed net (AOR=6.2 95% CI: (3.3-45) were statistically significant factors determining early newborn bathing practice.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that although the ministry implemented a good deal of awareness promotion activities, women still practice early newborn bathing. Maternal illiteracy, giving birth for the first time, knowledge deficiency related to hypothermia and newborn bed net application were among the factors which demand improvement to solve the problem.
The Effect of Live‐Video Demonstration on Dental Students’ Orthodontic Bending Performance
Authors: Atik Ezgi , Gorucu‐Coskuner Hande , Taner Tulin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a live‐video teaching tool on the performance of dental students in bending an orthodontic vestibular arch and to assess the students’ perceptions of the technology. All 135 fourth‐year dental students in the 2018 academic year at Hacettepe Dental School, Ankara, Turkey, were invited to participate in the study; after exclusions, the remaining 116 were randomly divided into two demonstration cohorts. These students had no prior experience bending an orthodontic wire. Cohort 1 (control, N=58) was shown a conventional live demonstration of the orthodontic bending of a vestibular arch, and Cohort 2 (experimental, N=58) was shown a live‐video demonstration of the same procedure. Both cohorts saw the demonstration before beginning the exercise and were evaluated afterwards on their performance of the procedure. In addition, the students’ perceptions of the demonstration techniques were collected with a questionnaire. The results did not show any significant differences in the students’ bending scores between the control and experimental cohorts (p=0.767). The median values on the questionnaire indicated almost no statistically significant difference in responses between the cohorts. The only significant difference was that Cohort 1 had a higher percentage who answered “yes” they would like to rewatch the demonstration than did Cohort 2 (p=0.024). In this study, the live‐video technique was found to be as effective as a conventional live demonstration for orthodontic practical education, suggesting that either technique could be used as an appropriate method for training in orthodontic wire bending.
Comparing Case‐Based with Team‐Based Learning: Dental Students’ Satisfaction, Level of Learning, and Resources Needed
Authors: Haley Colin M. , Brown Blase , Koerber Anne , Nicholas Christina L. , Belcher Anne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aims of this study were to compare third‐year dental students’ satisfaction and level of learning in case‐based learning (CBL) versus team‐based learning (TBL) and the resources required in those two methodologies. Level of learning was assessed for both knowledge and application, and resources were defined as student and faculty time and rooms. In academic year 2018‐19, all 68 third‐year dental students in one U.S. dental school were enrolled in two sequential semester‐long courses; the first used CBL, and the second used TBL. After each course, students and faculty facilitators completed surveys, and data from students’ knowledge and application exams were collected. The student surveys asked students to report their satisfaction with the learning methodology (CBL or TBL); the faculty surveys asked the faculty facilitators to report the resources used for each methodology. Forty‐five of 68 students (66%) consented to participate; however, a larger number of students completed surveys in the two semesters (69% for CBL and 87% for TBL). Fourteen of 16 (88%) faculty facilitators completed the CBL survey, and five of the six (83%) completed the TBL survey. Overall, the results showed that students’ satisfaction was higher with CBL than TBL (Mann‐Whitney U = 882.0; p<0.001), and students reported having a better understanding of concepts after CBL than TBL (U = 899.0; p<0.001). The students performed better on knowledge exam items in TBL than CBL (86% vs. 82%) but the same on application items (both 86%). Resource requirements for both methods were extensive, with TBL requiring fewer facilitators and rooms than CBL but requiring more time from both students (2.6 vs. 2.3 hours weekly) and faculty members (2.3 vs. 1.4 hours weekly). In this study, students preferred CBL to TBL but had higher knowledge scores in the TBL course. The resources needed for both CBL and TBL were said to be extensive, with infrastructure use higher for CBL but time for students and faculty higher for TBL.
Can a biomarker triage test reduce colonoscopy burden in fecal immunochemical test screening?
Authors: Greuter Marjolein JE , Carvalho Beatriz , Wit Meike de , Dekker Evelien , Spaander Manon CW , Meijer Gerrit A , Engeland Manon van , Coupé Veerle MH 
Published: May 2020

Aim:
To assess the potential of biomarker triage testing (BM-TT) in the Dutch colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program.
Materials & methods:
Using the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer model, we simulated fecal immunochemical test (FIT)
47
-screening and various FIT plus BM-TT screening scenarios in which only individuals with both a positive FIT and BM-TT are referred to colonoscopy.
Results:
Adding a low polyp sensitivity BM-TT to FIT-screening reduced colonoscopy burden (89–100%) while increasing CRC mortality (27–41%) compared with FIT
47
-screening only. The FIT plus high polyp sensitivity BM-TT scenarios also decreased colonoscopy burden (71–89%) while hardly affecting CRC mortality (FIT
47
0–4% increase, FIT
15
2–7% decrease).
Conclusion:
Adding a BM-TT to FIT-screening considerably reduces colonoscopy burden, but could also decrease screening effectiveness. Combining FIT
15
with a high polyp sensitivity BM-TT seems most promising.
PENGARUH BUSINESS KNOWLEDGE TERHADAP BUSINESS PERFORMANCE MELALUI BUSINESS SKILL DAN INNOVATION PADA UMKM KOTA PADANG DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Fitri Hasmaynelis Nelis , Putra Ramdani Bayu Putra Bayu , Lusiana Lusiana Lusiana 
Published: May 2020

<p>The increasingly strong pressure of change in the industrial era 4.0 has forced all entities to make changes. Therefore the purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the effect of the influence of business knowledge on business performance through business skills and innovation in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the city of Padang in the industrial era 4.0. The population and sample of this study were 225 MSMEs in Padang City. The model of this study is structural equation modelings (SEM), with an analysis tool using SmartPLS 3. The findings of this study conclude that there is a positive and significant influence of business knowledge, business skills, innovation on business performance. In addition, it was also found that business knowledge has a positive and significant effect on business skills and innovation. While indirect effects through innovation variables are found in the fact that innovation cannot play a role in strengthening the influence of business knowledge on business performance. But the indirect effect through the variable business skills, found a significant effect of business knowledge on business performance.</p><p align="center"> </p><p>Desakan perubahan yang semakin kuat di era industri 4.0, telah memaksa semua entitas untuk melakukan perubahan. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh pengaruh <em>business knowledge</em> terhadap <em>business performance</em> melalui <em>business skill</em> dan <em>innovation</em> pada Usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Kota Padang di era industri 4.0. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah 225 UMKM di Kota Padang. Model penelitian ini adalah <em>structural equation modelings</em> (SEM), dengan alat analisis menggunakan SmartPLS 3. Temuan penelitian ini menyimpulkan terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan <em>business knowledge, businee skills, innovation </em>terhadap <em>business performance</em>. Selain itu, juga ditemukan bahwa <em>business knowledge</em> berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap <em>business skills </em>dan<em> innovation</em>. Sedangkan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui variabel <em>innovation</em> ditemukan fakta bahwa <em>innovation</em> tidak dapat berperan dalam memperkuat pengaruh <em>business knowledge</em> terhadap <em>business performance</em>. Namun pengaruh tidak langsung melalui variabel <em>businee skills, </em>ditemukan pengaruh yang signifikan <em>business knowledge</em> terhadap <em>business performance.</em></p>
Sweet Cherry Fruit Characteristic in Covered Orchards
Authors: Vávra Radek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of evaluations performed in experimental plantings of the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd. was to verify the effect of covering systems on fruit characteristics – size, weight, firmness and soluble solids content (SSC). The research was focused on evaluation of fruit characteristics in 2017 and 2018 on fourteen cultivars: ´Amid´, ´Cristiana´, ´Early Korvik´, ´Elza´, ´Fabiola´, ´Felicita´, Horka´, ´Justyna´, ´Kasandra´, ´Kordia´, ´Korvik´, ´Tamara´, ´Těchlovan´ and ´Vanda´. The tested cultivars were grown in an IPM irrigated covered orchard. The largest fruit size was recorded for the cultivar ´Tamara‘ with 29.5 mm followed by the cultivar ´Horka‘ with 29 mm and ´Felicita´ with 28.6 mm. The greatest weight was recorded for the cultivar ´Tamara‘ with 12.4 g followed by ´Felicita´ with 12.3 g. The greatest firmness was recorded in fruits of the cultivar ´Amid´ with index 77.5 and ´Tamara´ with index 73.2. High correlation between fruit characteristics was found only between weight and size of fruits (correlation coefficient 0.88). High differences were recorded between years. In 2017, fruits characteristics were higher (size 27.5 mm, weight 10.9 g, firmness 65.3, SSC 19.3 °Brix) while in 2018, fruit characteristics were lower (size 26.5 mm, weight 9.2 g, firmness 59.2, SSC 16.5 °Brix).
Validation of friction factor predictions in vertical slurry flows with coarse particles
Authors: Bartosik Artur 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper presents validation of a mathematical model describing the friction factor by comparing the predicted and measured results in a broad range of solid concentrations and mean particle diameters. Three different types of solids, surrounded by water as a carrier liquid, namely Canasphere, PVC, and Sand were used with solids density from 1045 to 2650 kg/m3, and in the range of solid concentrations by volume from 0.10 to 0.45. All solid particles were narrowly sized with mean particle diameters between 1.5 and 3.4 mm. It is presented that the model predicts the friction factor fairly well. The paper demonstrates that solid particle diameter plays a crucial role for the friction factor in a vertical slurry flow with coarse solid particles. The mathematical model is discussed in reference to damping of turbulence in such flows. As the friction factor is below the friction for water it is concluded that it is possible that the effect of damping of turbulence is included in the KB
function, which depends on the Reynolds number.
Controls on event runoff coefficients and recession coefficients for different runoff generation mechanisms identified by three regression methods
Authors: Chen Xiaofei , Parajka Juraj , Széles Borbála , Strauss Peter , Blöschl Günter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe event runoff coefficient (Rc) and the recession coefficient (tc) are of theoretical importance for understanding catchment response and of practical importance in hydrological design. We analyse 57 event periods in the period 2013 to 2015 in the 66 ha Austrian Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL), where the seven subcatchments are stratified by runoff generation types into wetlands, tile drainage and natural drainage. Three machine learning algorithms (Random forest (RF), Gradient Boost Decision Tree (GBDT) and Support vector machine (SVM)) are used to estimateRcandtcfrom 22 event based explanatory variables representing precipitation, soil moisture, groundwater level and season. The model performance of the SVM algorithm in estimatingRcandtcis generally higher than that of the other two methods, measured by the coefficient of determinationR2, and the performance forRcis higher than that fortc. The relative importance of the explanatory variables for the predictions, assessed by a heatmap, suggests thatRcof the tile drainage systems is more strongly controlled by the weather conditions than by the catchment state, while the opposite is true for natural drainage systems. Overall, model performance strongly depends on the runoff generation type.
Assessment of the Technical Level of Magnetic Fishing Tools
Authors: Romanyshyn Taras , Romanyshyn Liubomyr , Bembenek Michal , Mokhnii Ihor 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A variety of magnetic fishing tools poses the task of the optimal choice of tool for eliminating accidents during the construction, operation and repair of wells. Existing criteria for assessing the quality of fishing magnets are characterized by the complexity of the determination and the ambiguity of the results. Therefore, the aim of research is development of a new approach to determining the technical level of fishing tools of various types and designs. A complex criterion has been developed that allows to evaluate the technical level of magnetic systems by correlating the actual and theoretical values of the total and specific lifting forces. Also it has been carried out a qualimetric analysis of magnetic tools, which are currently offered by world manufacturers. As a result, mathematical models are found that describe the average and modern world level of devices with specific lifting force. Technical decisions are proposed, the implementation of which in the design of magnetic systems of fishing tools will allow to achieve high values of lifting force. Application of the proposed complex criterion along with the results of qualimetric analysis will make it possible to objectively assess the technical level of magnetic fishing tools both at the design stage and during serial production.