bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El secreto de las estructuras vistas
Authors: Cervilla García Alejandro 
Published: July 2020

Cuenta Spiro Kostof en su Historia de la Arquitectura,[1] cómo en el siglo XVIII hubo una corriente teórica que abogaba por la arquitectura de la Grecia clásica como ejemplo de una arquitectura racional en la que la estructura, las columnas, se comportaban como lo que realmente debían ser, es decir, miembros funcionales de la Arquitectura, y no elementos decorativos. Estos teóricos, entre los que se encontraban Carlo Lodoli o el Abad Laugier, animaban a recuperar este modelo, y también los modelos góticos, como ejemplo de una arquitectura honesta y esencial. Pero lo cierto es que cuando analizamos en profundidad arquetipos de la Grecia clásica o del Gótico, encontramos algo que va más allá de la mera exposición de la estructura y de su uso racional. Y encontramos cómo estas arquitecturas de estructura a la vista, pueden ser en realidad modelos para otro tipo de arquitectura en la que la estructura tiene un carácter más bien ilusorio. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente descubrir este secreto.
[1] Spiro Kostof, Historia de la Arquitectura, volumen 3 (Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1985), 975-979.
Pediatric reference values of TSH should be personalized according to BMI and ethnicity
Authors: Oron Tal , Lazar Liora , Feldhamer Ilan , Manor Mira , Koren-Morag Nira , Tenenbaum Ariel , Meyerovitch Joseph 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
The need for personalization of the reference values of thyroid function tests has been previously suggested. We aimed at determining TSH reference values in a large cohort of children according to age, sex, BMI, and ethnicity.

Design:
A population-based cohort study.

Methods:
The study cohort included 75 549 healthy children aged 5–18 years. Data analyzed included age, gender, TSH, FT4 levels, BMI and ethnicity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis examined the associations between the study parameters.

Results:
TSH in the Jewish population is lower than in the non-Jewish population (median: 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.5) vs 2.2 IU/L (IQR: 1.5), P < 0.0001). TSH is significantly affected by BMI for children defined as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese, levels increased as weight diverged from the normal range (median levels: 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.4), 2.0 IU/L (IQR: 1.3), 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.4), 2.4 (IQR: 1.5), respectively, P < 0.001). The 2.5 percentile is affected by gender and BMI (P < 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively), while the 97.5 percentile is affected by ethnic origin and BMI (P < 0.001 for both). New TSH reference intervals (RI) adjusted according to BMI and ethnicity are suggested. Comparison of the old and new RI demonstrate the significance of RI personalization: 25.1% of the children with TSH levels above the old RI are within the new RI, while 2.3% of the children who were in the old RI are below the new RI.

Conclusions:
TSH reference values in children are affected by BMI and ethnicity. Reference values should be individualized accordingly to improve future clinical decision-making and treatment.
Progression of vertebral fractures in long-term controlled acromegaly: a 9-year follow-up study
Authors: Pelsma I C M , Biermasz N R , Pereira A M , van Furth W R , Appelman-Dijkstra N M , Kloppenburg M , Kroon H M , Claessen K M J A 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) excess results in both reversible and irreversible musculoskeletal damage, including increased vertebral fracture (VF) risk. The prevalence of VFs is approximately 60% in controlled acromegaly patients, and these VFs can progress in time. We aimed to identify the course of VFs in a cohort of acromegaly patients in long-term remission and their associated risk factors during prolonged follow-up.

Methods:
Thirty-one patients with acromegaly (49% female, median age 60 years (IQR 53–66)), who were in remission for ≥2 years, were included in this longitudinal, prospective, follow-up study. Spine radiographs of vertebrae Th4 to L4 were assessed for VFs using the Genant score, at baseline, after 2.6 years and 9.1 years. Progression was defined as either a new fracture or a ≥1-point increase in Genant score.

Results:
The prevalence of VF at baseline was 87% (27/31 patients). Progression of VFs was observed in eleven patients (35.5%) during the 9.1-year follow-up period, with a total incidence rate of 65.5 per 1000 person years (males 59.8 per 1000 person years vs females 71.6 per 1000 person years). Patients treated with surgery or radiotherapy had a higher risk of VF progression in this cohort (P = 0.030).

Conclusions:
In this cohort of long-term, well-controlled acromegalic patients, the prevalence and progression of VFs was high, showing that the deleterious effects of GH and IGF-1 excess on bone persist despite achievement of longstanding remission.
Race, Postoperative Complications, and Death in Apparently Healthy Children
Authors: Nafiu Olubukola O. , Mpody Christian , Kim Stephani S. , Uffman Joshua C. , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:
That African American (AA) patients have poorer surgical outcomes compared with their white peers is established. The prevailing presumption is that these disparities operate within the context of a higher preoperative comorbidity burden among AA patients. Whether these racial differences in outcomes exist among apparently healthy children (traditionally expected to have low risk of postsurgical complications) has not been previously investigated.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective study by analyzing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric database from 2012 through 2017 and identifying children who underwent inpatient operations and were assigned American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 or 2. We used univariable and risk-adjusted logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of postsurgical outcomes comparing AA to white children.

RESULTS:
Among 172 549 apparently healthy children, the incidence of 30-day mortality, postoperative complications, and serious adverse events were 0.02%, 13.9%, and 5.7%, respectively. Compared with their white peers, AA children had 3.43 times the odds of dying within 30 days after surgery (odds ratio: 3.43; 95% CI: 1.73–6.79). Compared with being white, AA had 18% relative greater odds of developing postoperative complications (odds ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13–1.23) and 7% relative higher odds of developing serious adverse events (odds ratio: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.14).

CONCLUSIONS:
Even among apparently healthy children, being AA is strongly associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications and mortality. Mechanisms underlying the established racial differences in postoperative outcomes may not be fully explained by the racial variation in preoperative comorbidity.
ПРОПАГАНДА ТА ЇЇ МІСЦЕ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВЕДЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ВІЙН. ОСНОВНІ ФОРМИ ПРОПАГАНДИСТСЬКОГО ВПЛИВУ:
Authors: Poltorak Volodymyr Abramovych , Stadnyk Alona Heorhiyivna 
Published: July 2020

Мета статті: аналіз проблем пропаганди як важливого різновиду інформаційної зброї, форм пропаганди, що застосовуються в сучасних інформаційних війнах. Емпіричну базу дослідження становлять дані соціологічних досліджень, проведених автором: анкетного опитування населення м. Запоріжжя щодо ставлення населення до проблем інформаційної війни, яку веде Російська Федерація проти України, у період проведеного дослідження (640 мешканців м. Запоріжжя з використанням квотної вибірки, 2017 р.) й експертного опитування представників ряду специфічних категорій населення: воїнів АТО, волонтерів, викладачів суспільно-політичних кафедр закладів вищої освіти (32 особи, 2016 р.).В теоретичному значенні розглянута актуальна в сучасних умовах та важлива проблема, пов’язана із роллю пропаганди як важливої зброї, що використовується в сучасних інформаційних війнах, зокрема інформаційній війні поміж Російською Федерацією та Україною. Аналізується сутність пропаганди та її можливості в процесі формування громадської думки населення, технології, що використовуються для впливу на населення супротивників в ході інформаційної війни, зокрема наводяться деякі приклади ходу такої війни поміж Російською Федерацією та Україною. Розглядаються основні сучасні форми пропагандистського впливу на населення: пряма пропаганда, джинса, пабліситі, пропаганда 2.0, особливості їх використання та ефективність.
KAJIAN KONSEP BIOPHILIC PADA BANGUNAN HUNIAN VERTIKAL
Authors: Azkiawati Diana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract: The concept of biophilic is a concept that pays attention to the relationship between natural surrounding with user’s psychology. The application of the biophilic concept is expected to create a condition or atmosphere where people do not feel stressed and reduce one’s stress level. The advantage of applying the biophilic concept to a residence is to create a healthier condition for people who are mentally healthy. Therefore, the authors raise a study entitled “Biophilic Concept Studies in Vertical Residential Buildings”. This research was conducted in studies namely, Kollektiv Hotel, Bandung by using descriptive analysis by emphasizing the facts or the truth of the data obtained. The method in this study uses a descriptive approach that is to reveal the situation or situation that occurs when the research is ongoing. Based on observations made, it is known that biophilic architecture can be applied by connecting natural elements with their usage.Keywords: Biophilic concept, occupancy, user’s psychology Abstrak: Konsep biophilic merupakan konsep yang memperhatikan hubungan antara alam sekitar dengan psikologis pengguna Penerapan konsep biophilic diharap dapat menciptakan kondisi atau suasana dimana masyarakat tidak merasa stress serta mengurangi tingkat kestresan seseorang. Keuntungan menerapkan konsep biophilic terhadap hunian adalah menciptakan kondisi masyarakat yang lebih sehat secara mental Oleh karena itu, penulis mengangkat penelitian yang berjudul “Kajian Konsep Biophilic Pada Bangunan Hunian Vertikal”. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada studi kasus yaitu, Kollektiv Hotel, Bandung menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menekankan fakta atau kebenaran data yang didapat. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif yaitu mengungkapkan keadaan atau situasi yang terjadi saat penelitian sedang berlangsung. Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa arsitektur biophilic dapat diterapkan dengan menghubungkan elemen-elemen alam dengan penggunannya.Kata Kunci: Konsep biophilic, Hunian, Psikologis Pengguna
PORTABLE HOUSE: ARSITEKTUR BAGI KAUM MISKIN KOTA
Authors: Barliana M Syaom 
Published: July 2020

Abstract: One of urban demography problem is the explosion of urban population due to the activity of migration and poverty, including structural poverty. One of the urban poos groups is the scavengers. This paper, have no intention at all to discuss regarding poverty problem, including scavengers from the perspective of economic solution, rather, will study from the perspective of experimental architecture. Mayeng scavengers become the object of case study, because rare for architecture to discuss about this lower class society. The assumption is architecture shoud play a role in the context of social, due to its intervention will influence and further change the face and features of the city. In relation to that, this paper have a purpose to analyse the need of housing for scavengers, also obtained solution of design optimally, even in the context of experimental architecture. Keywords: poor society, structural poverty, mayeng scavenger, portable houseAbstrak: Salahsatu problema demografi perkotaan, adalah ledakan populasi penduduk akibat migrasi dan kemiskinan, termasuk kemiskinan struktural. Salahsatu kelompok miskin kota adalah para pemulung. Paper ini, sama sekali tidak bermaksud untuk membahas problematika kemiskinan, termasuk pemulung dari sudut pandang solusi ekonomi, akan mengkaji dari sudut pandang arsitektur eksperimental. Pemulung mayeng menjadi objek studi kasus, karena arsitektur sangat jarang menyentuh masyarakat kelas bawah ini. Asumsinya, arsitektur harus memainkan peran dalam konteks social, karena intervensi arsitektur akan mempengaruhi dan bahkan mengubah perjalanan wajah dan fitur kota. Sekaitan itu, paper ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan tempat tinggal bagi pemulung, serta menemukan solusi desain secara optimal, meskipun berada pada konteks arsitektur eksperimental. Kata kunci : masyarakat miskin, kemiskinan struktural, pemulung mayeng, portable house
Aplicação do Jogo Digital Code Combat no Ensino de Programação aos Alunos do Curso Médio Técnico em Informática
Authors: Passos Leandro Santos , Novais Jonathan Willian Zangeski , Varella Louyse Siqueira da Silva , De Oliveira Allan Gonçalves , Zangeski Dahiane dos Santos Oliveira 
Published: July 2020

O estudo compreendeu a aplicação do jogo digital Code Combat, em sala de aula, com o intuito de verificar como os alunos interagiam com esse jogo visando o aprendizado de programação. A programação é muito importante para o tempo atual e seu ensino e aprendizagem é fundamental nos cursos voltados à Tecnologia da Informação (TI). No entanto, no processo de aprendizagem, muitos estudantes se deparam com dificuldades em raciocinar e abstrair respostas para a solução de problemas encontrados. Neste contexto, a utilização de jogos digitais no ensino de programação tem sido uma estratégia, que visa minimizar essas dificuldades. Assim, foi observada a sua a aplicação, em sala de aula, visando o aprendizado de programação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa a partir de um estudo de caso, tendo como coleta de dados um questionário aplicado aos participantes. Os resultados mostram que essa abordagem possui boa aceitação pelos participantes e se verificou que os participantes se sentiram motivados a aprender programação com o auxílio do jogo digital e, por isso, consideram uma estratégia importante no ensino de programação, em função da facilidade que muitos alunos já possuem para compreender a dinâmica do jogo digital.

Palavras-chave: Jogos Digitais. Code Combat. Programação. Aprendizagem.

Abstract
The study included the Code Combat digital game application in the classroom in order to verify how the students interacted with this game aiming the programming learning. Programming is very important for our time and its teaching and learning is fundamental in courses focused on Information Technology (IT). However, in the learning process, many students face difficulties reasoning and abstracting answers to solve encountered problems. In this context, the use of digital games in programming teaching has been a strategy that aims to minimize these difficulties. Thus, it was observed its application in the classroom aiming at programming learning. This is a research with qualitative and quantitative approach based on a case study with data collection as a questionnaire applied to the participants. The results show that this approach is well accepted by the participants and it was found that the participants were motivated to learn programming with the help of digital game and therefore consider it an important strategy in programming teaching, due to the ease that many students already have to understand the digital gaming dynamics.

Keywords: Digital Games. Code Combat. Programming. Learning.
Avaliação de Cards em Posts de Rede Social Facebook para Campanha Educativa da Prevenção de Sarampo
Authors: Diniz Susana Nogueira , Rodrigues Silvia Nunes 
Published: July 2020

Palavras-chave: Sarampo. Educação em Saúde. Tipologia Zabala.

Abstract

Keywords: Measles. Health Education. Zabala Typology.
Discussion on Technical Problems and Development Suggestions of Engineering Drilling Rig Automation
Authors: Li Kaijun , Di Zibo 
Published: July 2020

<p>As one of the important technologies in the mining industry, the drilling machine technology can improve the efficiency and quality of the mining industry. Compared with the traditional drilling machine technology, the drilling machine automation technology is obviously more reliable. Drilling automation technology can not only optimize the traditional mining efficiency, but also ensure the safety of people in the mining process. At present, the automatic drilling machine is the highest level of drilling technology in China. In the process of the automatic drilling machine, the downhole closed-loop technology can be used. This technology can completely separate from the human control and automatically complete the task only by transferring the information to the underground central computer.</p>
Comparison between Percutaneous Lateral Osteotomy and Endonasal Lateral Osteotomy in Primary Rhinoplasty
Authors: Asaad Abdulkareem Hiwa , Ahmed Hama Haval 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Open rhinoplasty is a popular method to correct nasal deformities, which is commonly carried out by percutaneous or endonasal techniques. Despite their advantages, these two techniques can also be associated with some disadvantages. The present study was carried out in order to examine the functional and aesthetic outcomes of percutaneous and endonasal osteotomies.
Material and Methods: The present comparative study was carried out on 50 patients who underwent percutaneous osteotomy (25 cases) and endonasal osteotomy (25 cases) from August 2018 to September 2019. Before and three days, eight days, and three months after the surgeries, the required data were collected through medical and psychological assessments.
Results: According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 28.7±6.5 years, and most of them were females with a female-to-male ratio of 4:1. It was also concluded that percutaneous and endonasal lateral osteotomies were not significantly different in terms of the postsurgical pain felt by the patients, epistaxis, skin scars 21 days and three months after the rhinoplasty, nasal obstruction, closing the open roof deformity, state of correction, patient satisfaction, age, and gender (p>0.05). However, they were significantly different regarding periorbital edema, periorbital ecchymosis, and skin scars during the first eight days after the surgery (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Both percutaneous and endonasal lateral osteotomies were found to be useful methods to carry out rhinoplasty because both led to acceptable functional and aesthetic results regarding decreased pain, epistaxis, periorbital edema and ecchymosis, skin scar, nasal obstruction, closing the open roof deformity, and nasal deviation correction and increased patient satisfaction.
Evaluation of Hemodynamic Changes in Patients with Carotid Stenosis Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy in Razi Hospital
Authors: Hemmati Hossein , Shirzadi Sajedeh , Jafaryparvar Zakiyeh , Farzin Mohaya , Andalib Sasan , Cyrus Cyrus , Rimaz Siamak , Rafiei Elahe 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to determine the extent of hemodynamic changes after carotid antrectomy in patients with carotid artery stenosis hospitalization to intensive care unit (ICU) of Razi Hospital and how factors affect it and provide necessary measures to improve blood pressure control and increase the quality of life in these patients.
Material and Methods: This is a longitudinal study in which all patients with carotid artery stenosis referred to Razi Hospital of Rasht from 2006 to 2016 who underwent carotid endarterectomy were enrolled. Changes in vital signs including systolic and diastolic pressure, heart rate and body temperature of patients who were checked every 6 hours before and after surgery, in the second 24 hours after surgery, ICU, Length of hospital stay and ICU mortality were recorded.
Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was 68.42 ± 9.97 years. Sixty-four (97%) patients had at least one underlying disease. Our results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure at the time of surgery. Means preoperative systolic blood pressure was 119.89±11.89 and this mean increases to 138.89±16.66 at 48 hours after surgery.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that blood pressure control in patients with blood pressure changes during and after surgery; hemodynamic changes after endarterectomy and the everyday dangers of cerebral hemorrhage decreased and prevented vascular thrombosis. It can be concluded that controlling hemodynamic parameters as well as vital signs of patients resulted in the relative stability of these parameters. Ultimately the death rate slaked to nought.
Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections in Intensive Care Units in Shahid Sayyad-E-Shirazi Hospital of Gorgan During 2016-2018
Authors: Golsha Roghieh , Ashoori Nadia , Tajik Mohammad , Sohrabi Ahmad , Montazeri Maryam 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Understanding the pattern of infections in the intensive care unit and the correct pattern of antibiotic use is vital in reducing mortality. Identification of risk factors for nosocomial infection and preventive approaches can be effective in reducing the incidence. This study aimed to evaluate the intensive care unit (ICU) acquired infection.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients admitted to the ICU of Sayyad Shirazi Hospital during 2016-18. All patients' information recorded and analyzed by SPSS version 16.
Results: In this study, the nosocomial infection rate was 3.5%, mostly in individuals over 60 years old. Most of the positive cultures were from two sources of urine and then blood. The organisms observed in nosocomial infections were Escherichia coli (16.9%), Staphylococcus epidermis (11.5%), Enterococci, and Enterobacter. The most commonly used antibiotics were vancomycin and then meropenem. Antibiogram results indicated the highest antibiotic resistance (100%) to cefazolin, piperacillin and clindamycin, and 96.8% to ceftriaxone. Vancomycin and amikacin had the lowest resistance.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the incidence of nosocomial infection is unavoidable, and its control is the most important health goals of medical centers. Proper treatment interventions are needed to reduce the impact of nosocomial infection.