bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Sickle Cell Disease Morbimortality in Children: Experience in a Remote Area of an African Country
Authors: MBIYA Benoît Mukinayi , Kalombo Didier Kalenda , Mukendi Yannick Nkesu , Mpoyi John Kalenda , Biboyi Parola Mukendi , Daubie Valery , Disashi Ghislain Tumba , Gulbis Béatrice 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a public health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo. While reference sickle cell centers have been implemented in capital cities of African countries and have proven to be beneficial for SCD patients, they have never been set up in rural areas for families with very low sources of income. Method: A cohort of 143 children with SCD aged 10 years old (IQR (interquartile range): 6–15 years) (sex ratio male/female = 1.3) were clinically followed for 12 months without any specific intervention aside from the management of acute events, and then for 12 months with a monthly medical visit, biological follow-up, and regular prophylaxis. Results: The median age of patients at the diagnosis of SCD was 2 years (IQR: 1–5). The implementation of standardized and regular follow-ups in a new sickle cell referral center in a remote city showed an increase in the annual mean hemoglobin level from 50 to 70 g/L (p = 0.001), and a decrease in the lymphocyte count and spleen size (p < 0.001). A significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the average annual number of hospitalizations and episodes of vaso-occlusive crises, blood transfusions, infections, and acute chest syndromes were also observed. Conclusions: Creation of a sickle cell referral center and the regular follow-up of children with SCD are possible and applicable in the context of a remote city of an African country and represent simple and accessible measures that can reduce the morbimortality of children with sickle cell disease.
Comparative Study of Outcomes for Older People with Long Term Conditions Attending Day Care Services Delivered by Paid Staff or by Volunteers
Authors: Lunt Catherine , Shiels Chris , Dowrick Christopher , Lloyd-Williams Mari 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Day care services can support older people living with multiple long term conditions (LTCs), to age in place, but little research on outcomes of Day Care attendance. Aims The aims of this comparative study were to determine outcomes for older people with LTCs attending day care services run entirely by paid staff or predominantly volunteers Methods Newly referred older people with LTCs to nine day care services in North West of England and North Wales were invited to participate in this longitudinal study with data being collected at baseline attendance and at 6 and 12 weeks. Demographic information was collected and the EQ-5D-3L and De Jong Loneliness 6 item questionnaire were completed at each time point.RESULTS 94 older people (64% female),age range 65 - 99 years (mean 82 years) were recruited. The mean number of LTCs was 4.3 (range 2-9) and 52% people lived alone. More than a third (36%) lived in one of the 20% most deprived local authorities in England and Wales. The outcomes in this exploratory study over 12 weeks appeared to be similar for paid, blended (paid staff and volunteers) and for volunteer led service, with those attending volunteer led services were significantly more likely to report fewer health problems in follow-up (OR=3.45, 95% CI 1.01-12.8, P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that Day Care Services for older people with long term conditions provide benefits in terms of self-rated physical and emotional well-being. Older people attending paid staff services were more likely to have greater number of LTCs associated with a higher symptom burden. However, at baseline there was no difference in self-reported health by service type. This study suggests that Day Care Services provided by volunteers can provide comparable outcomes. Following the Covid-19 pandemic, it is increasingly urgent to support older people with long term conditions who have lost physical and cognitive function during lockdown and to maintain and improve their function. Our study suggests that volunteers may be able to complement the care provided by paid staff freeing up resources and enabling increasing numbers of people to be supported.
The Work of Managing Multiple Myeloma and its Implications for Treatment-related Decision Making: A Qualitative Study of Patient and Caregiver Experiences.
Authors: Pritlove Cheryl , Jassi Mobin , Burns Bridget , McCurdy Arleigh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Advancements in multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, including the introduction of oral agents, has produced a shift in the delivery of care from hospital to home. We sought to understand the impact of this shift on patients’ and caregivers’ management work and their treatment-related decision making. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 MM patients and 8 caregivers. Interviews were coded for emergent themes and patterns and a constant comparative approach was used to identify important similarities and differences within and between interviews.Results: Patient and caregiver participants described four types of work, including the work of accruing and personalizing medical knowledge, illness-related work in the hospital, illness-related work in the home, and psychosocial and relational management. They illuminated the physical, psychological, social and relational toll of this work and traced a pathway through which work informed their treatment-related decisions, sometimes in ways that conflicted with their preferences for treatment. Conclusions: The work involved in managing MM, its treatment, and side-effects can inform the treatment decisions that patients and caregivers make. We must continue to find meaningful ways for patients and caregivers to discuss goals of care and treatment throughout the cancer trajectory, as well as support health care providers in the delivery of person-centred care.Implications for Cancer Survivors: With an increasing emphasis on the importance of shared decision-making in MM, an improved understanding of the factors that frame patient’s and caregiver’s treatment decisions will be paramount to ensuring meaningful and high-quality patient-centered care.
Differences in Sensitivity to New Therapies Between Primary and Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Need to Stratify the Tumor Response?
Authors: Beaumont Hubert , Faye Nathalie , Iannessi Antoine , Chamorey Emmanuel , Kliffa Catherine , Hsieh Chih-Yi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: We compared therapeutic response of Varlitinib + Capecitabine (VC) versus Lapatinib + Capecitabine (LC) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer after trastuzumab therapy by assessing changes in target lesion (TL) diameter and volume per location.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the CT data of the ASLAN001-003 study (NCT02338245). We analyzed TL size and number at each location focusing on therapeutic response from baseline to Week 12. We used TL diameter and volume to conduct an inter-arm comparison of the response according to: RECIST 1.1; stratified per TL location and; considering TLs independently. Multiple pairwise intra-arm comparisons of therapeutic responses were performed. Considering TL independently, weighted models were designed by adding weighted mean TL responses grouped by location. A sensitivity analysis tested the robustness of results.Results: We evaluated 42 patients (88 TL) and 35 patients (74 TL) respectively at baseline and Week 12.We found reductions in breast TL burden in the VC arm compared to the LC arm (p=0.002 (diameter), p<0.001 (volume)). Responses and TL sizes at baseline were not correlated.Explained variabilities of volume change per TL location, patient and patient:TL interaction were 36%, 10% and 4% (VC), and 13%, 1% and 23%, (LC).A test of inter-arm difference of responses yielded p=0.07 (diameter), and p<0.001 (volume).The sensitivity analysis confirmed our findings.Conclusions: The therapeutic responses differed across locations; differential responses were drug‑dependent. Stratified analysis provides better drug comparisons and is a powerful tool to understand TL heterogeneity.
Identification and Characterization of Satellite DNAs in Poa L.
Authors: Wei Linna , Liu Bo , Zhang Chunping , Yu Yang , Yang Xiaoxia , Dou Quanwen , Dong quanmin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPoa L is a large genus of grass in Gramineae, among which P. pratensis is widely cultivated as turf and forage. Satellite DNA is the main components of the plant genome. Information of satellites will helpful for dissection the genome composition and definition of the phylogeny relationship of these species. However, the knowledge about the satellites in genus Poa is still limited.ResultsFour satellite DNAs were identified using the Repeat Explorer pipeline in HiSeq Illumina reads from diploid plants in P. malaca (2n = 26). Two satellites showed high similarity with the previously identified PpTr-1 and PpTr-3, whereas two others are newly identified with the monomer of 326bp (Poa-326) and 353bp (Poa-353) respectively. The clone DNAs of PpTr-1 and PpTr-3, and oligonucleotides designed representing satellites Poa-326 and Poa-353 were probed to test on chromosomes across 13 Poa speceis with different polyploidy level by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). PpTr-1, PpTr-3, and Poa-362 were stably positioned in the subtelomeric regions in nearly all species with the variation of hybridization sites number. However, Poa-353 showed different FISH patterns of multiple regions with the variation of hybridization intensity and distribution sites across species. In addition, 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA were used to characterize the genome of the Poa species. Four rDNA FISH patterns were revealed in the tested species.ConclusionFour identified satellite were high conservable across Poa species. Genome distribution of these satellites can be characterized by FISH. The variation of satellite DNAs and rDNA chromosomal distributions between species provide useful information for phylogenetic analysis in genus Poa.
Contribution of LOC105371267&nbsp;and MRPS30-DT&nbsp;Genetic Polymorphisms in IgA&nbsp;Nephropathy Among Chinese Han Population&nbsp;
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Li Haiyue , Liu Yuanwei , Liu Jianfeng , Sun Yao , Wu Jiamin , Xiong Zichao , Cao Wen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Genetic factors have been reported to take essential part in IgAN progression. This study was designed to investigate the association between LOC105371267and MRPS30-DT with IgAN risk among Chinese.Methods: 6 SNPs were genotyped. A logistic recession model was used to calculate the effects of candidate SNPs on IgAN. The SNP-SNP interaction was analyzed by MDR.Results: We observed only LOC105371267 had relationships with IgAN. The results indicated an association between the genotype “CC” and the decreased IgAN risk (OR = 0.44, p = 0.014). The stratification analysis at age ≥ 35 showed that rs3931698 contributed to the IgAN susceptibility in “GT” (OR = 1.78, p = 0.038), while rs8044565 significantly showed a decreasing-risk effect with IgAN (“T”, OR = 0.59, p = 0.006; “CC”, OR = 0.15, p = 0.015; “CC-CT”, OR = 0.59, p = 0.023; Log-additive, OR = 0.56, p = 0.005). Rs8044565 was correlated with the decreased susceptibility of IgAN in male (“CC”, OR = 0.27, p = 0.006) and in Lee’s grade ≥ III (“CC”, OR = 0.46, p = 0.046). We found rs8044565 was related to systolic blood pressure and urinary casts, and rs3852740 had a relationship with Serum C3 and hemoglobin (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The present study first demonstrated that the SNPs in lncRNAs might be related to IgAN.
Gray Scale Ultrasound Feature Typing of Metastasis in the Ovary, Especially Signet-ring Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Junying , Chang Cai , Zhang Haixian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background To describe the gray scale ultrasound features of metastatic ovarian tumors on the basis of the origin of the primary tumor in a large study population. This retrospective study included 112 patients with 188 histopathologically confirmed metastatic ovarian tumors. Among the patients, 102 were detected with 143 masses via ultrasonography. Patient age, mass bilaterality, and maximum tumor diameter were recorded. Results Ultrasound images were classified into three subtypes: (type A) multilocular-solid, (type B) purely solid, and (type C) solid with several round or oval cysts. The metastatic tumors in the ovaries were mostly bilateral but had a lower rate of bilaterality when detected by ultrasound. Breast cancer metastasis had the highest misdetection rate (69.6%) because its focal metastasis could only be recognized by histology or immunohistochemistry. Stomach was the most common origin of metastasis: 45.7% and 51.0% via pathology and ultrasonography, respectively. Metastases that originated from colon mostly belonged to type A (65.9%) and closely mimicked primary epithelial ovarian tumor morphologically. Metastases that originated from stomach predominantly belonged to types B (31.9%) and C (58.3%). Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) corresponded to types B and C only regardless of its origin. Conclusions The novel typing method developed herein provides more vivid images for classifying ovary metastasis compared with existing typing methods. Given that no specific sonographic parameters have been established to distinguish metastatic ovarian masses from primary invasive ovarian tumors, these images can be helpful in diagnosing these masses.
Life Time Prevalence of Khat Chewing and Its Socio Demographic Correlates Among Adults Age 15-49 Years in Ethiopia: A Population Based Study Using the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey Data&nbsp;
Authors: Assefa Abiyu , Tegegne Kaleab Tesfaye , Tessema Mekibib Kassa , Tegegne Eleni Tesfaye , Denbo Aselefech Mekuria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Khat chewing has been practiced from ancient by people in the Eastern part of Africa, the Arabian, Peninsula and other parts of the world. In Ethiopia, khat chewing is becoming habitual and the proportion of people chewing khat has significantly risen over the years and chewers’ population in Ethiopia is now 16% from the country’s populationThe main aim of this study was to provide national data on life time prevalence of khat chewing and associated factors that will serve as evidence for policy and planning and as baseline data for further studies.Methods: The data for this study was extracted from the 2016 EDHS. The 2016 EDHS is the fourth and most recent in the Demographic and Health Survey series in Ethiopia. Socio demographic variables were selected based on their availability in the dataset Our analysis included all men and women age 15-49 years which resulted in a total weighted sample of 27,289 Descriptive statistics were employed to show the distribution of socio-demographic characteristics Logistic regression model was used to determine the true association between chat chewing and basic socio-demographic factors Results: Of the total sample of 27289 of men and women age 15-49 years at the time of survey, 18.3% (n = 5006) have life time khat chewing in Ethiopia, About 71.7% of the variation in the outcome variable (khat chewing) is explained by the independent variables included in model Men and women in the 15-19 age group 9.952 (AOR9.952 95% CI 6.156- 16.091) and Men and women age 15-49 years in urban areas 34.040 (AOR 34.040; 95% CI: 21.028--55.105) were found to be major contributing factors to the khat chewing Conclusions Younger age and urban residence had a statistically significant association with khat chewing. Therefore, to effectively control khat chewing in Ethiopia, Creating awareness and increasing knowledge on the harmful effects of khat chewing are recommended. A particular attention should be given to young adolescent and urban areas
A Prospective Study on Lactation Status and Breastfeeding Challenges of Mothers Giving Birth to Preterm Infants
Authors: Dong Dingding , Ru Xifang , Huang Xiaofang , Sang Tian , Li Shan , Wang Ying , Feng Qi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMothers of preterm infants face challenges in breastfeeding. The aim of the study was to investigate lactation status and challenges in breastfeeding faced by mothers of preterm infants. MethodsMothers giving birth to preterm infants between May 26th 2018 and October 31st 2018 were enrolled. Lactation status and challenges in breastfeeding on day 7 postpartum, at discharge of infants, 2 weeks post-discharge, and 3 months of corrected age (CA 3m) were collected by questionnaires. ResultsSeventy mothers were enrolled, and 51.4% had delayed lactogenesis II. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that cesarean section (OR=3.368, p=0.032), older maternal age (OR=1.189, p=0.008), and primiparity (OR=5.091, p=0.012) were significant independent predictors of delayed lactogenesis II. Mothers with delayed lactogenesis II had significantly lower milk output (day 7 postpartum: 160.0mL vs. 300.0mL, p=0.001; at discharge: 425.0mL vs. 612.5mL, p=0.005) and lower proportion of exclusive breastfeeding (at discharge: 38.9% vs. 70.6%, p=0.008; CA 3m: 12.5% vs. 33.3%, p=0.050). The ROC showed that milk output >190mL/d and >245mL/d on day 7 postpartum significantly predict milk output ≥300mL/d at discharge and exclusive breastfeeding at post-discharge two weeks, respectively. Insufficient human milk was the top reason for breastfeeding discontinuation at CA 3m, and mother’s own milk ≥50% of total milk uptake at postpartum two weeks (OR=5.303, p=0.007) was an independent predictor of continuous breastfeeding at CA 3m. Feeding complications in infants, poor breastfeeding techniques, and low milk output were the top challenges in breastfeeding. ConclusionInterventions to improve early postpartum lactation and breastfeeding techniques may increase breastfeeding adoption in mothers of preterm infants.
Factors Influencing an Eruption of Teeth Associated with a Dentigerous Cyst. A Systematic Review
Authors: Nahajowski Marek , Hnitecka Sylwia , Sarul Michał , Rumin Kornelia , Dubowik Magdalena , Antoszewska-Smith Joanna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
AimThis systematic review aimed to identify factors conducive/inconducive to a spontaneous eruption of teeth after a dentigerous cyst's marsupialization.MethodsIn accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, the main research question was defined in the PICO format (P: patients with dentigerous cysts, I: spontaneous eruption after surgery, C: forced eruption, O: determining factors potentially influencing the intervention or the comparison). The MEDLINE, the EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for the keywords combining dentigerous/odontogenic/follicular cyst with teeth and/or orthodontics, as well as human teeth and eruption pattern/interval/period/duration. The qualified articles (4 out of 3005 found initially) provided following data: a rate of tooth eruption after surgical treatment of the cyst, along with age and gender of patients, a perpendicular projection distance between the top of the tooth cusp and the edge of the alveolar process, tooth angulation, a root formation stage, the cyst size, and space to erupt. The articles underwent analysis of the risk of bias and quality, with the ROBINS-I protocol and the modified Newcastle-Ottawa QAS, respectively. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO under ID CRD42020189044.ResultsA real risk of bias was assessed as critical, while the quality of the studies was considered high (7-9 points in 9-point scale). Small distance between the top of a tooth cusp and the edge of the alveolar process, and space for eruption larger than tooth dimensions were the factors likely to favor spontaneous eruption. The cyst size was irrelevant, while the influence of the other factors could not be determined from the available data. ConclusionA small number of published studies, as well as their heterogeneity and the critical risk of bias do not allow creating the evidence-based protocol of management the teeth with DC after its marsupialization. More high-quality research is needed to be able to draw more reliable conclusions.
Different UV-B Exposure Times Induce Phenotypic, Transcriptomic, and Proteomic Changes in Wine Grape Leaves&nbsp;
Authors: Li Su , Yue Zhao , Qingyang Sun , Yifan Zhu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
[Background]The Cabernet Sauvignon grape, considered “the world's most renowned grape variety for the production of fine red wine”, is cultivated in many regions, such as the plateau area in Shangri-La, southwest China. This area is characterized by dry and strong UV climate owing to a high altitude. Previous studies have shown that UV radiation, especially UV-B, improves plant resistance to cold, disease and dry circumstance. In fact, the Cabernet sauvignon, mainly grown in Shangri-La where the UV intensity reaches 21-22w/m2, has shown strong resistance in the past decades. [Aims] However, UV-B’s effect Cabernet Sauvignon grape leaves remains unknown. As a result, we would like to explore the effects of UVB on grape leaves at high altitude through experiments. [Methods]In the present study, we investigated anatomical changes, and photosynthetic changes in Cabernet Sauvignon plants and analyzed transcriptomic and proteomic regulation of these changes following exposure to 15-20w/m2 UV-B for 3 and 7 days. [Results]Results revealed that UV-B exceeding 10w/m2 could change morphology and arrangement of epidermal and palisade tissue cells. We also found upregulation of proteins that regulate cytoskeletal and cell wall synthesis, after 3 days of exposure to UV-B. On the other hand, proteins associated with disease-resistance and antioxidants were up-regulated after 7 days of exposure. Transcriptomic results revealed enrichment of both proteins and genes associated with pathogen infection, defense and antioxidant processes. [Conclusion]As a result, the study showed that strong UV radiation at high altitude did contribute to increased disease resistance and environmental adaptability of grape plants.
Deep Learning Based Pectoral Muscle Segmentation on MIAS&nbsp;Mammograms
Authors: Kim Young Jae , Yoo Eun Young , Kim Kwang Gi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to propose a deep learning-based method for automated detection of the pectoral muscle, in order to reduce misdetection in a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for diagnosing breast cancer in mammography. This study also aimed to assess the performance of the deep learning method for pectoral muscle detection by comparing it to an image processing-based method using the random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm. Methods: Using the 322 images in the Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) database, the pectoral muscle detection model was trained with the U-Net architecture. Of the total data, 80% was allocated as training data and 20% was allocated as test data, and the performance of the deep learning model was tested by 5-fold cross validation. Results: The image processing-based method for pectoral muscle detection using RANSAC showed 92% detection accuracy. Using the 5-fold cross validation, the deep learning-based method showed a mean sensitivity of 95.55%, mean specificity of 99.88%, mean accuracy of 99.67%, and mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 95.88%. Conclusions: The proposed deep learning-based method of pectoral muscle detection performed better than an existing image processing-based method. In the future, by collecting data from various medical institutions and devices to further train the model and improve its reliability, we expect that this model could greatly reduce misdetection rates by CAD systems for breast cancer diagnosis.