bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomics-assisted prediction of salt and alkali tolerances and functional marker development in apple rootstocks.
Authors: Liu Jing , Shen Fei , Xiao Yao , Fang Hongcheng , Qiu Changpeng , Li Wei , Wu Ting , Xu Xuefeng , Wang Yi , Zhang Xinzhong , Han Zhenhai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline stress severely affect plant growth and development. The tolerance of plants to these stressors has long been important breeding objectives, especially for woody perennials like apple. The aims of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and to develop genomics-assisted prediction models for salt, alkali, and salt-alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Results: A total of 3,258 hybrids derived from the apple rootstock cultivars ‘Baleng Crab’ ( Malus robusta Rehd., tolerant) × ‘M9’ ( M. pumila Mill., sensitive) were used to identify 17, 13, and two QTLs for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress via bulked segregant analysis. The genotype effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers designed on candidate genes in each QTL interval were estimated. The genomic predicted value of an individual hybrid was calculated by adding the sum of all marker genotype effects to the mean phenotype value of the population. The prediction accuracy was 0.6569, 0.6695, and 0.5834 for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress, respectively. SNP182G on MdRGLG3 , which changes a leucine to an arginine at the vWFA-domain, conferred tolerance to salt, alkali, and salt-alkali stress. SNP761A on MdKCAB , affecting the Kv_beta domain that cooperated with the linked allelic variation SNP11, contributed to salt, alkali, and salt–alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Conclusions: The genomics-assisted prediction models can potentially be used in breeding saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline tolerant apple rootstocks. The QTLs and the functional markers may provide insight for future studies into the genetic variation of plant abiotic stress tolerance.
DPDDI:a Deep Predictor for Drug-Drug Interactions
Authors: Feng Yue-Hua , Zhang Shao-Wu , Shi Jian-Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The treatment of complex diseases taking multiple drugs becomes popular. However, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may give rise to the risk of unanticipated adverse effects and even unknown toxicity. DDI detection in the wet lab is expensive and time-consuming. Thus, it is highly desired to develop the computational methods for predicting DDIs. Generally, most of the existing computational methods predict DDIs by extracting the chemical and biological features of drugs from diverse drug-related properties, however some drug properties are costly obtained and not available in many cases.

Results: In this work, we present a novel method (called DPDDI) to predict DDIs by extracting the network structure features of drugs from DDI network with graph convolution network (GCN) and constructing the deep neural network (DNN) model as a predictor. GCN learns the low-dimensional feature representations of drugs for capturing the topological relationship to their neighborhood of drugs in DDI network. DNN predictor concatenates the latent feature vectors of any two drugs as the feature vector of the corresponding drug pairs to train a DNN for predicting the potential drug-drug interactions. The experiment results show that our DPDDI outperforms other four state-of-the-art methods; the GCN-derived latent features greatly outperform other features derived from chemical, biological or anatomical properties of drugs; the concatenation feature aggregation operator is better than other two feature aggregation operators (i.e., inner product and summation). The results in case studies indicates that DPDDI has the good capability for predicting the new DDIs.

Conclusion—We propose an effective and robust method of DPDDI to predict the potential DDIs, which just utilizes the DDI network information, working well without drug properties (i.e., drug chemical and biological properties). It can be expected that DPDDI can be helpful in other DDI-related scenarios, such as the detection of unexpected side effects, and the guidance of drug combination.
Comparative genomic analysis of Vibrios yields insights into genes associated with virulence towards C. gigas larvae
Authors: Kehlet-Delgado Hanna , Häse Claudia , Mueller Ryan S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Vibriosis has been implicated in major losses of larvae at shellfish hatcheries. However, the species of Vibrio responsible for disease in aquaculture settings and their associated virulence genes are often variable or undefined. Knowledge of the specific nature of these factors is essential to developing a better understanding of the environmental and biological conditions that lead to larvae mortality events in hatcheries. We tested the virulence of 51 Vibrio strains towards Pacific Oyster (Crassostreae gigas) larvae and sequenced draft genomes of 42 hatchery-associated vibrios to determine groups of orthologous genes associated with virulence and to determine the phylogenetic relationships among pathogens and non-pathogens of C. gigas larvae.Results: V. coralliilyticus strains were the most prevalent pathogenic isolates. A phylogenetic logistic regression model identified over 500 protein-coding genes correlated with pathogenicity. Many of these genes had straightforward links to disease mechanisms, including predicted hemolysins, proteases, and multiple Type 3 Secretion System genes, while others appear to have possible indirect roles in pathogenesis and may be more important for general survival in the host environment. Multiple metabolism and nutrient acquisition genes were also identified to correlate with pathogenicity, highlighting specific features that may enable pathogen survival within C. gigas larvae. Conclusions: These findings have important implications on the range of pathogenic Vibrio spp. found in oyster-rearing environments and the genetic determinants of virulence in these populations.
Cumulative, high-stress calls impacting adverse events among law enforcement and the public
Authors: Jetelina Katelyn K , Beauchamp Alaina M , Gonzalez Jennifer Reingle , Molsberry Rebecca J , Bishopp Stephen A. , Lee Simon Craddock 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The unpredictable, and sometimes dangerous, nature of the occupation exposes officers to both acute and chronic stress over law enforcement officers’ tenure. The purpose of this study is two-fold: 1) Describe multi-level characteristics that define high-stress calls for service for LEO; and 2) Characterize factors that impact cumulative stress over the course of a LEO’s shift.Methods: Qualitative data were collected from 28 LEOs at three law enforcement agencies in the Dallas-Fort Worth areas from April 2019 to February 2020. Focus group data were iteratively coded by four coders using inductive and deductive thematic identification. Results: Five multi-level factors influenced officer stress: 1) officer characteristics (e.g. military experience; gender); 2) civilian behavior (e.g. resistance, displaying a weapon); 3) supervisor factors (micromanagement); 4) environmental factors (e.g. time of year); and, 5) situational factors (e.g. audience present; complexity of calls). Four themes that characterized cumulative stress: 1) cyclical risk; 2) accelerators; 3) decelerators; and 4) experience of an adverse event.Conclusions: LEOs become susceptible to adverse events (e.g. injury, excessive use of force) after repeated exposure to high-stress calls for service. Ongoing exposures to stress continue to occur throughout the shift. Our long-term goal is to interrupt this repetitive, cumulative process by restricting the number of consecutive high-risk, high-intensity calls an officer is permitted to respond to.Trial Registration: NA
Therapeutic effect of Zuojin Pill on chronic atrophic gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori through JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF
Authors: Wu Shihua , Bao Chunmei , Wang Ruilin , Zhang Xiaomei , Gao Sijia , Qin Weihan , Zhang Jianzhong , Zhang Juling , Li Ruisheng , Chen Xing , Wen Jianxia , Yang Tao , Wei Shizhang , Li Haotian , Wei Ying , Ren Sichen , Xia Houlin , Zhao Yanling 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Zuojin Pill (ZJP), a famous Chinese medicinal formula, is widely accepted for treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in China. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of ZJP in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) - induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in vivo and in vitro. Methods: CAG rat model was induced by H. pylori. ZJP (0.63, 1.26, and 2.52 g/kg, respectively) was administered orally for four weeks. Therapeutic effects of ZJP were identified by H&E staining and serum indices. In addition, cell viability, morphology and proliferation were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and high-content screening assay (HCS), respectively. Moreover, relative mRNA expression and protein expression related to JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis was detected to investigate the potential mechanisms of ZJP in CAG.Results: Results showed the symptoms (weight loss and gastric mucosa damage) of CAG were alleviated, and the contents of TNF-α in serum was markedly decreased after treating with ZJP. Moreover, cell viability, proliferation and morphology changes of GES-1 cells were ameliorated by ZJP intervention. In addition, proinflammatory genes and JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis related genes were suppressed by ZJP administration in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot confirmed down-regulation of these genes by ZJP intervention. Conclusion: ZJP treatment can alleviate gastric mucosal damage induced by H. pylori via JMJD2B/COX-2/VEGF axis.
Predictive Value of the Surgical Apgar Score on Postoperative Complications in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Radical Gastrectomy: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Hayashi Masato , Yoshikawa Takaki , Yura Masahiro , Otsuki Sho , Yamagata Yukinori , Morita Shinji , Katai Hitoshi , Nishida Toshirou 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The surgical Apgar score (SAS) or modified SAS (mSAS) has been reported as a simple and easy risk assessment system for predicting postoperative complications in primary surgery for gastric cancer. However, few studies have described the SAS’s utility in gastric surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods One hundred and fifteen patients who received NAC and radical gastrectomy from 2008 and 2015 were included in this study. The SAS was determined by the estimated blood loss (EBL), lowest intraoperative mean arterial pressure, and lowest heart rate. The mSAS was determined by the EBL reassessed using the interquartile values. The predictive values of the SAS/mSAS for postoperative complications were assessed with univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results Among the 115 patients, 41 (35.7%) developed postoperative complications. According to analyses with receiver operating characteristic curves of the SAS and mSAS for predicting postoperative complications, the cut-off value of the mSAS was set at 8. The rates of anastomotic leakage, pancreatic fistula, and arrhythmia in patients with high mSAS (>8) values were higher than in those with low (0-3) and moderate (4-7) mSAS values. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the operation time, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for postoperative complications. The mSAS was not a significant predictor. Conclusions The predictive value of SAS or mSAS for morbidity may be limited in patients who undergo gastric cancer surgery after NAC. Future prospective studies with a large sample size will be needed to confirm the present results.
Inhibiting MAPK14 showed anti-prolactinoma effect
Authors: Ding Qiaoyan , Zhang Yu , Ma Li , Chen Yong-gang , Wu Jin-hu , Zhang Hong-feng , Wang Xiong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The specific underlying pathogenesis of prolactinoma has not been clarified yet, to the best of our knowledge. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling including p38α MAPK (MAPK14), p38β (MAPK11), p38γ (MAPK12) and p38δ (MAPK13) is associated with the development and progression of several types of cancer.Methods Immunofluorescence analysis was performed on the prolactin (PRL) and MAPK14 expressions of pituitary gland in C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen. In the present study, the role of MAPK14 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced mice and dopamine D2 receptor knockout (DRD2-/-) mice models in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), MAPK14-/- and DRD2-/-MAPK14+/- mice. GH3 cells were transfected with different sets of MAPK14 small interfering RNA, which to study MAPK14 and PRL expression in GH3 cells.Results Immunofluorescence analysis showed that PRL and MAPK14 expression were colocalized and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared with the control specimen. It was shown that PRL and MAPK14 expression was colocalized and increased significantly in the pituitary gland of estradiol-injected prolactinoma mice compared with the control mice. Knockout of MAPK14 significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth, and PRL expression was decreased in estradiol-induced mice. Furthermore, MAPK14 knockout of DRD2-/-MAPK14+/- mice significantly reduced the overgrowth of pituitary gland and PRL production and secretion compared with DRD2-/- mice. MAPK14 knockout using siRNA inhibited PRL production in GH3 cells.Conclusion These results suggest that MAPK14 serves a promoting role in the formation of prolactinoma, and highlights the potential of MAPK14 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of prolactinoma.
Differential diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 from community acquired - pneumonia by CT scan and follow-up
Authors: Liu Kai-Cai , Xu Ping , Lv Wei-Fu , Chen Lei , Qiu Xiao-hui , Yao Jin-Long , Gu Jin-Feng , Hu Bo , Wei Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently the most serious infectious disease in the world . Accurate diagnosis of this disease in the clinic is very important. This study aims to improve the differential ability of of computed tomography (CT) for COVID-19 and other community-acquired pneumonias (CAPs) and to evaluate the short-term prognosis of these patients. Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 165 COVID-19 and 118 CAP patients diagnosed in seven hospitals in Anhui Province, China from January 21,2020 to February 28, 2020 were retrospectively analy s ed. The CT manifestations of the two groups were recorded and compared. Factors that w ere helpful in diagnosing the two groups of patients were identified based on specificity and sensitivity, 。 Results ： The sensitivity and specificity o f the combination of age, white blood cell count, and ground-glass opacity in the diagnosis of COVID-19 were 92.7% and 66.1%, respectively. Pulmonary consolidation, fibrous cords , and bronchial wall thickening were used as indicators to exclude COVID-19.The sensitivity and specificity of the combination of these findings were 78.0% and 63.6%, respectively. The follow-up results showed that 67.8% (112/165) of COVID- 19 patients had abnormal changes in their lung parameters , and the pulmonary sequelae of patients over 60 years of age became more severe with age. Conclusions ： The combination of CT combined with clinical conditions, lung lesion density , morphological characteristics and other associated signs, has a high accuracy for the early diagnosis of COVID-19 and the differential diagnosis from CAP. Patients aged over 60 years with COVID-19 have a poor prognosis. This result has certain guiding significance for the diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia.
Adsorption of Lead(II), Manganese(II), and Copper(II) onto biochar in landfill leachate: implication of non-linear regression analysis
Authors: Zand Ali Daryabeigi , Abyaneh Maryam Rabiee 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The feasibility of using wood-derived biochar (BC) to remove Pb, Mn, and Cu from landfill leachate was investigated and modeled in this study. The effect of contact time, biochar dosage and particle size on adsorption of the heavy metals onto BC was examined. BC was used in two form i.e. pulverized (PWB) and crushed (CWB) to evaluate the effect of BC particle size on adsorption characteristics. Biochar was produced under the pyrolytic temperature of 740 °C. The kinetics of Pb, Mn, and Cu adsorption onto PWB and CWB were assessed using the pseudo second-order and Elovich models, where both applied models could well describe the adsorption kinetics. Removal rates of the heavy metals were raised by 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6 times, respectively, for Pb, Mn, and Cu, when PWB content of the leachate increased from 0.5 to 5 g L -1 . Equilibrium adsorption capacity of the heavy metals onto BC in leachate system was evaluated using the Langmuir, non-linearized Freundlich, linearized Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms and found to have the following order for PWB: Non-linearized Freundlich>Temkin>Langmuir>Linearized Freundlich. The Langmuir and linearized Freundlich models could not adequately represent adsorption of the heavy metals onto biochar, especially for CWB. The highest removal of 87.96% was obtained for Pb, while the greatest adsorption intensity was found to be 1.58 mg g -1 for Mn. Using the non-linearized Freundlich isotherm significantly reduced adsorption prediction error. The adsorption affinity of PWB for Pb, Mn, and Cu was greater than CWB in all treatments. Wood-derived biochar is suggested to be used for the removal of heavy metals from landfill leachate as an economical adsorbent.
Isolation, Serotyping and Molecular Detection of Bovine FMD Virus from Outbreak Cases in Aba'ala District of Afar Region
Authors: Tegegne Teshager Dubie , Mengiste Tsedale Amare 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Among the top listed economically important transboundary livestock diseases of cattle, foot and mouth disease (FMD) is the leading bottleneck in livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia. On the basis of FMDV active outbreak cases, a cross sectional study was undertaken to collect samples from January, 2019 to March, 2020 intended for isolation, serotyping and molecular detection of FMDV in the study district. Purposive sampling method was applied to select the study area for the reason that the presence of current active FMD outbreak case report during the study period. Totally, 27 FMD suspected clinical samples were collected from clinically affected study population during field outbreak. Out of 27 samples, 18 of them were inoculated on cultured Baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) monolayer cells and all 27 samples were tested using conventional RT-PCR and sets of specific universal primers. Finally, the PCR products were visualized with UV illumination and imaged with gel documentation system. Results: The current study result revealed that out of 18 clinical samples subjected to virus isolation, 72.2%(n=13) of these cultures exhibited FMDV induced cytopathic effect (CPE) and the identified serotype was SAT-2 FMD virus. Out of 27 clinical samples tested by conventional RT-PCR, only 12 FMDV samples were found to be FMDV positive by universal primers. Out of 27 clinical samples detected by conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), only 12 FMDV samples were found to be FMDV positive by universal primers.Conclusions: Our study finding indicated FMDV is prevalent in the study area and FMDV serotype SAT-2 was the causality for the outbreaks of the disease in the study area. Hence, region wise regular FMD outbreaks investigation, further phylogenetic analysis and vaccine matching field isolates should be carried out to know in depth data about FMDV serotypes and topotypes involving in afar region of Ethiopia for effective vaccine development and control of the disease.
Partograph utilization as a decision making tool and associated factors among obstetric care providers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ayenew Asteray , Zewdu Biruk Ferede 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally, a total of 13.6 million women have died due to maternal causes from 1990 to 2015. Majority of these deaths occurred in resource-limited countries. Among the causes of these deaths obstructed and prolonged labour covers the highest percentage which could be prevented by cost-effective and affordable health interventions like partograph utilization. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the level of partograph utilization among obstetric care providers and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Method: For this study systematic review and meta-analysis guideline was followed. Different online databases were used for the review: PubMed, Google scholar, Cochrane Library, HINARI, and African Online Journals. Based on the adapted PICO principles different searching terms were applied to achieve and access all the essential articles. Microsoft Excel was used for data entrance and Stata 11 soft ware for data analysis.Result: Nineteen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis with a total of 6237 obstetric care providers. The overall pooled prevalence of partograph utilization was 59.9% (95%CI:46.8,73). Being midwifery profession (AOR=4,95% CI:2.6,6), female health care providers (AOR=3.2,95%CI:2.2,4.7), Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care training (AOR =2.9,95%CI:2.2,3.8), Knowledge of partograph (AO =2.5,95%CI:1.6,3.9), short term training on partograph(AOR=5.7,95%CI:2.5,12.9), favorable attitude (AOR=2.3,95%CI:1.5,3), and working at health center(AOR=3.5,95%CI:2.5,4.9).Conclusion: The overall pooled prevalence of partograph utilization among obstetric care providers was lower than the World Health Organization recommendation. Midwifery profession, female obstetric care provider, Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care training, knowledge of partograph, short term training on partograph, favorable attitude towards partograph, and working at the health center were factors associated with partograph utilization. This finding is important to design strategic policies, to prevent obstetric complications, and maternal mortality resulted from preventable maternal deaths.
Regulator of cullins-1 (ROC1) negatively regulates the Gli2 regulator SUFU to activate the hedgehog pathway in bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Qiu Jianxin , Qu Pin , Chen Hui , Lan Jianyun , Chen Haitao , Li Lei , Gu Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The regulator of cullins-1 (ROC1) is an essential subunit in the Cullin-RING ligase (CRL) protein complex and was shown to be critical in bladder cancer cell survival and malignant progression. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of ROC1 in bladder cancer malignant progression.

Methods

This study explored the underlying mechanisms using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The expression of the components of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway was determined by western blotting analysis. ROC1 expression in human tumours was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis.

Results

The data showed that ROC1 overexpression promoted growth of bladder cancer cells, whereas knockdown of ROC1 expression had an opposite effect in bladder cancer cells. Mechanistically, ROC1 was able to target SUFU for ubiquitin-dependent degradation, allowing the Gli2 release from the SUFU complex to activate SHH pathway. Furthermore, knockdown of SUFU expression partially rescue the ROC1 knockdown-suppressed SHH activity as well as cancer cell growth inhibition. At ex vivo, tissue microarray analysis of human bladder cancer specimens revealed an positive association of ROC1 expression with the SHH pathway activity.

Conclusion

The current study demonstrated the dysregulation of ROC1-SUFU-GLI2 axis played an important role in bladder cancer progression and targeting of ROC1 expression is warranted further investigation as a novel strategy for future control of bladder cancer.