bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of the Age‐Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index for Outcomes After Hepatic Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shinkawa Hiroji , Tanaka Shogo , Takemura Shigekazu , Amano Ryosuke , Kimura Kenjiro , Nishioka Takayoshi , Miyazaki Toru , Kubo Shoji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of the age‐adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) on outcomes after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe assessed 763 patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC. The ACCI scores were categorized as follows: ACCI ≤ 5, ACCI = 6, and ACCI ≥ 7.ResultsA multivariate analysis showed that the odds ratios for postoperative complications in ACCI = 6 and ACCI ≥ 7 groups, with reference to ACCI ≤ 5 group, were 0.71 (p = 0.41) and 4.15 (p < 0.001), respectively. The hazard ratios for overall survival of ACCI = 6 and ACCI ≥ 7 groups, with reference to ACCI ≤ 5 group, were 1.52 (p = 0.023) and 2.45 (p < 0.001), respectively. The distribution of deaths due to HCC‐related, liver‐related, and other causes was 68.2%, 11.8%, and 20% in ACCI ≤ 5 group, 47.2%, 13.9%, and 38.9% in ACCI = 6 group, and 27.3%, 9.1%, and 63.6% in ACCI ≥ 7 group (p = 0.053; ACCI ≤ 5 vs. = 6, p = 0.19; ACCI = 6 vs. ≥ 7, p < 0.001; ACCI ≤ 5 vs. ≥ 7). In terms of the treatment for HCC recurrence in ACCI ≤ 5, ACCI = 6, and ACCI ≥ 7 groups, adaptation rate of surgical resection was 20.1%, 7.3%, and 11.1% and the rate of palliative therapy was 4.3%, 12.2%, and 22.2%, respectively.ConclusionsThe ACCI predicted the short‐term and long‐term outcomes after hepatic resection of HCC. These findings will help physicians establish a treatment strategy for HCC patients with comorbidities.
Molecular detection of Theileria species and Babesia caballi from horses in Nigeria
Authors: Mshelia Philip W. , Kappmeyer Lowell , Johnson Wendell C. , Kudi Caleb A. , Oluyinka Okubanjo O. , Balogun Emmanuel O. , Richard Edeh E. , Onoja Emmanuel , Sears Kelly P. , Ueti Massaro W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEquine piroplasmosis (EP) is an infectious, tick-borne disease caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites, Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and a recently reported new species, T. haneyi. Infections by these apicomplexan parasites limit performance and cause economic losses for the horse industry. Equine piroplasmosis is widespread in the northern regions of Nigeria, where an increasing portion of the animal population is composed of horses. This disease has remained epidemiologically challenging, especially as the movement of horses increases across Nigeria. In this study, blood samples from 300 horses were collected in three states of northwestern Nigeria. The presence of piroplasms was screened by nested PCR targeting 18S rDNA and positive samples were analyzed using species-specific-nested PCR-targeting genes including ema1 (T. equi), rap1 (B. caballi), and a gene coding a protein of unknown function (T. haneyi). Species-specific-nPCR results demonstrated that the prevalence of T. equi was 13.0% (39/300), B. caballi was 3.3% (10/300) and T. haneyi was 2.7% (8/300). Mixed infections with T. equi and B. caballi was 2.7% (8/300) while T. equi, B. caballi, and T. haneyi multiple infection prevalence was 0.6% (2/300). We used 18S rDNA sequences to determine close relationships between T. equi by phylogenetic analysis and demonstrated that among 57 sequences of Theileria parasites, 28 samples belonged to clade A (49%), 13 samples were found to be clade C (22%), and 16 were clade D (28%). These results demonstrate the genetic diversity of T. equi circulating in horses from Nigeria.
Live Imaging of embryogenic structures in Brassica napus microspore embryo cultures highlights the developmental plasticity of induced totipotent cells
Authors: Corral-Martínez Patricia , Siemons Charlotte , Horstman Anneke , Angenent Gerco C. , de Ruijter Norbert , Boutilier Kim 
Published: July 2020

Key message

In vitro embryo development is highly plastic; embryo cell fate can be re-established in tissue culture through different pathways.

Abstract
In most angiosperms, embryo development from the single-celled zygote follows a defined pattern of cell divisions in which apical (embryo proper) and basal (root and suspensor) cell fates are established within the first cell divisions. By contrast, embryos that are induced in vitro in the absence of fertilization show a less regular initial cell division pattern yet develop into histodifferentiated embryos that can be converted into seedlings. We used the Brassica napus microspore embryogenesis system, in which the male gametophyte is reprogrammed in vitro to form haploid embryos, to identify the developmental fates of the different types of embryogenic structures found in culture. Using time-lapse imaging of LEAFY COTYLEDON1-expressing cells, we show that embryogenic cell clusters with very different morphologies are able to form haploid embryos. The timing of surrounding pollen wall (exine) rupture is a major determinant of cell fate in these clusters, with early exine rupture leading to the formation of suspensor-bearing embryos and late rupture to suspensorless embryos. In addition, we show that embryogenic callus, which develops into suspensor-bearing embryos, initially expresses transcripts associated with both basal- and apical-embryo cell fates, suggesting that these two cell fates are fixed later in development. This study reveals the inherent plasticity of in vitro embryo development and identifies new pathways by which embryo cell fate can be established.
The IDEAL framework in neurosurgery: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ota Helen C. U. , Smith Brandon G. , Alamri Alexander , Robertson Faith C. , Marcus Hani , Hirst Allison , Broekman Marike , Hutchinson Peter , McCulloch Peter , Kolias Angelos 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term study (IDEAL) framework was created to provide a structured way for assessing and evaluating novel surgical techniques and devices.

Objectives
The aim of this paper was to investigate the utilization of the IDEAL framework within neurosurgery, and to identify factors influencing implementation.

Methods
A bibliometric analysis of the 7 key IDEAL papers on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases (2009–2019) was performed. A second journal-specific search then identified additional papers citing the IDEAL framework. Publications identified were screened by two independent reviewers to select neurosurgery-specific articles.

Results
The citation search identified 1336 articles. The journal search identified another 16 articles. Following deduplication and review, 51 relevant articles remained; 14 primary papers (27%) and 37 secondary papers (73%). Of the primary papers, 5 (36%) papers applied the IDEAL framework to their research correctly; two were aligned to the pre-IDEAL stage, one to the Idea and Development stages, and two to the Exploration stage. Of the secondary papers, 21 (57%) explicitly discussed the IDEAL framework. Eighteen (86%) of these were supportive of implementing the framework, while one was not, and two were neutral.

Conclusion
The adoption of the IDEAL framework in neurosurgery has been slow, particularly for early-stage neurosurgical techniques and inventions. However, the largely positive reviews in secondary literature suggest potential for increased use that may be achieved with education and publicity.
Do males and females respond differently to ocean acidification? An experimental study with the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
Authors: Marčeta Tihana , Matozzo Valerio , Alban Silvia , Badocco Denis , Pastore Paolo , Marin Maria Gabriella 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSeawater pH lowering, known as ocean acidification, is considered among the major threats to marine environment. In this study, post-spawning adults of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus were maintained at three pH values (8.0, 7.7, 7.4) for 60 days. Physiological, biochemical, cellular, behavioural and reproductive responses were evaluated in males and females. Significant differences between sexes were observed, with higher ammonia excretion and lower catalase activity in males. Respiration rate (after 21 days), catalase activity in gonads and total coelomocyte count showed the same increasing trend in males and females under low pH. Ammonia excretion, gonadosomatic index and lysozyme activity exhibited opposite responses to low pH, with an increasing trend in males and decreasing in females. Results demonstrated that exposure to low pH could result in different response strategies of male and female sea urchins at a physiological, biochemical and immunological level. Reduced female gonadosomatic index under low pH suggested decreased energy investment in reproduction.
Revealing the Subsurface Basal 〈a〉 Dislocation Activity in Magnesium Through Lattice Rotation Analysis
Authors: Zhou Bijin , Wang Leyun , Liu Wenjun , Zeng Xiaoqin , Li Yanjun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A method was proposed in this study to reveal the subsurface basal dislocation activity in Mg-Y alloy and determine the corresponding Burgers vector. This is achieved by correlating the slip directions of dislocations to the lattice rotation represented by the {0001} pole figure. The identified basal slip system by this approach was verified by micro-Laue diffraction. This method can be applied as a complementary method to the conventional slip trace analysis to study the dislocation behavior of Mg alloys.
Rückfallbegünstigende und rückfallprotektive Faktoren nach der Entlassung aus dem Maßregelvollzug
Authors: Walde Peggy , Lungwitz Vivien 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden systematischen Review werden Faktoren zusammengetragen, welche den Erfolg der Legalbewährung bei entlassenen Patienten des Maßregelvollzugs (§§ 63 und 64 StGB) positiv oder negativ beeinflussen können. Als Ergebnis einer Literaturrecherche konnten 7 häufig untersuchte Bereiche identifiziert werden: Wohnumgebung, Erwerbstätigkeit, Familie/Partnerschaft, Freizeit/soziale Kontakte, Substanzkonsum, Nachsorge und psychologische Variablen. Aus den Ergebnissen wurden, wo möglich, Daten zur Quantifizierung von Größe und Richtung der Effekte berechnet. Diese zeigen für Patienten des psychiatrischen Maßregelvollzugs ein erhöhtes Rückfallrisiko bei Substanzmissbrauch und häufigem Wechsel von Wohnort und Arbeitsplatz. Protektiv wirken dagegen ein psychisch stabiler Zustand und ein zumindest während der ersten Zeit nach der Entlassung institutionalisiertes Wohnumfeld. Für Patienten, die nach § 64 StGB untergebracht sind, können keine eindeutigen Aussagen getroffen werden. Auch hier scheint jedoch erneuter Suchtmittelkonsum das Risiko für Rückfälle zu erhöhen.
Social Robots to Test Flexibility of Human Social Cognition
Authors: Wykowska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs the field of social robotics has been dynamically growing and expanding over various areas of research and application, in which robots can be of assistance and companionship for humans, this paper offers a different perspective on a role that social robots can also play, namely the role of informing us about flexibility of human mechanisms of social cognition. The paper focuses on studies in which robots have been used as a new type of “stimuli” in psychological experiments to examine whether similar mechanisms of social cognition would be activated in interaction with a robot, as would be elicited in interaction with another human. Analysing studies in which a direct comparison has been made between a robot and a human agent, the paper examines whether for robot agents, the brain re-uses the same mechanisms that have been developed for interaction with other humans in terms of perception, action representation, attention and higher-order social cognition. Based on this analysis, the paper concludes that the human socio-cognitive mechanisms, in adult brains, are sufficiently flexible to be re-used for robotic agents, at least for those that have some level of resemblance to humans.
Hermitian Toeplitz determinants of the second and third-order for classes of close-to-star functions
Authors: Jastrzȩbski Piotr , Kowalczyk Bogumiła , Kwon Oh Sang , Lecko Adam , Sim Young Jae 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor some subclasses of close-to-star functions the sharp upper and lower bounds of the second and third-order Hermitian Toeplitz determinants are computed.
Intensive Versus Extensive Events? Insights from Cumulative Flood-Induced Mortality Over the Globe, 1976–2016
Authors: Chen Bo , Shi Fanya , Lin Tingting , Shi Peijun , Zheng Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMore attention has been paid to the cost of intensive but sporadic floods than the cost of extensive but frequent events. To examine the impacts of intensive versus extensive events, we investigated the loss structure of global flood-induced mortality by using the cumulative loss ratio, marginal benefit chart, and cumulative loss plot. Drawing on the flood-induced mortality data for four decades (1976–2016) from the international disaster database EM-DAT, we defined the levels of flood loss according to the frequency of flood-induced deaths, and calculated the cumulative mortality and the marginal benefits of flood loss prevention practices at different levels. Our analysis showed that for the world’s leading 30 countries with large flood-induced mortality and different levels of development: (1) 70% of them have the cumulative deaths from extensive floods exceeding half of those caused by intensive floods in the study’s four data decades; and (2) 80% of them tend to gain less marginal benefit with increasing levels of flood prevention, with their marginal benefits peaking at loss prevention levels of 2-year or 5-year flood-induced mortality. These results indicate that, in the long run, the cumulative deaths of extensive floods are comparable to that of intensive events, and prevention of loss from extensive events can be an efficient way to reduce the total loss. For flood risk management under conditions of climate change, extensive loss events deserve more consideration.
Megaphones hiding in trees: civic instruction via mediated soundscapes in places of natural beauty in China
Authors: Tan Shzr Ee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPlaces of ‘scenic beauty’ in China—national parks, panda enclosures, holy mountains, private gardens—have been sites where encounters with nature have been constructed through idealisations of particular ecologies. Often, in these environments, the sonic design of space predicates as much on ‘organic’ elements as on deliberately-engineered and broadcast ‘artificial’ sounds. Loudspeakers are hidden in trees and rocks. Broadcasting ambient sounds throughout the course of the day, they send signals ranging from Chinese classical music to spoken descriptions of local objects of interest, to exhortations to walk in an orderly fashion, to religions chants. Sometimes, the broadcasts are presented in overt articulations in invocation of public service announcements or tourist information posts. Based on multi-sited fieldwork in Northern, Eastern and Southern China, this paper considers such mediated soundscapes along four axes of analysis. First, I contextualise such sonic ‘atmospheres’ within surveillance culture in China and civic instruction through public address. Second, I examine them within a longer, well-known history of Taoist philosophy that positions man in relationship to the cosmos through a perspective of ‘artifice’ embedded in oppositional co-existence with ‘nature’. Third, I explore these articulations as multisensorial experiences found in ecotouristic brands. Finally, I critique these sonic mediations in interaction with perceived ‘natural’ sounds within broader theorizations of ecomusicology developed by Guy (Ethnomusicology 53(2):218–248, 2009) and Rees (Ethnomusicology 60(1):53–88, 2016), coming to conclusions on national vs local acoustic ecologies of the ‘natural’ Chinese world.
Pandemic pushes polarisation: the Corona crisis and macroeconomic divergence in the Eurozone
Authors: Gräbner Claudius , Heimberger Philipp , Kapeller Jakob 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses the uneven consequences of the macroeconomic fallout from the Coronavirus and related economic policy responses against the background of an analysis of longer-term macroeconomic divergence in the Eurozone. We show that the macroeconomic impact of the Corona crisis is estimated to be more severe in Southern Eurozone countries than in Northern Eurozone countries, which further reinforces the tendency of an increasing economic polarisation. This polarisation process can be traced back to existing differences in production structures and uneven vulnerabilities of the underlying growth models. As a consequence, any policy response to the Corona crisis that does not take the deeper problems of structural polarisation into account will suffer from limited impact in the medium to long run.
In-silico Molecular Docking and ADME/Pharmacokinetic Prediction Studies of Some Novel Carboxamide Derivatives as Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Abdullahi Mustapha , Adeniji Shola Elijah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecular docking simulation of thirty-five (35) molecules ofN-(2-phenoxy)ethyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxamide (IPA) withMycobacterium tuberculosistarget (DNA gyrase) was carried out so as to evaluate their theoretical binding affinities. The chemical structure of the molecules was accurately drawn using ChemDraw Ultra software, then optimized at density functional theory (DFT) using Becke’s three-parameter Lee–Yang–Parr hybrid functional (B3LYP/6-311**) basis set in a vacuum of Spartan 14 software. Subsequently, the docking operation was carried out using PyRx virtual screening software. Molecule 35 (M35) with the highest binding affinity of − 7.2 kcal/mol was selected as the lead molecule for structural modification which led to the development of four (4) newly hypothetical molecules D1, D2, D3 and D4. In addition, the D4 molecule with the highest binding affinity value of − 9.4 kcal/mol formed more H-bond interactions signifying better orientation of the ligand in the binding site compared to M35 and isoniazid standard drug. In-silico ADME and drug-likeness prediction of the molecules showed good pharmacokinetic properties having high gastrointestinal absorption, orally bioavailable, and less toxic. The outcome of the present research strengthens the relevance of these compounds as promising lead candidates for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis which could help the medicinal chemists and pharmaceutical professionals in further designing and synthesis of more potent drug candidates. Moreover, the research also encouraged the in vivo and in vitro evaluation study for the proposed designed compounds to validate the computational findings.
Common Injuries Associated with Falls from Tree Stands in Iowa
Authors: Garrett Melissa , Galet Colette , Lilienthal Michele A. , Skeete Dionne A. , Granchi Thomas S. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction Tree stand falls are a common injury among hunters. This study was designed to identify specific injury patterns and local and regional factors affecting access to and care for this unique trauma cohort in Iowa. Methods The University of Iowa trauma registry was retrospectively queried from 2004 to 2014 for patients with a mechanism of injury of fall from tree stands. Data are presented as mean±SD, median, and range, or raw number and percentages as appropriate. Correlation analyses were performed using the Spearman coefficient. Results Fifty-three patients were identified. Age was 44±14 (17–78) y. Median fall height was 4.6 m (15 ft), ranging from 1.5 to 12 m (5 to 40 ft). Transport times varied from <1 h to >7 h. Hypothermia was observed in 6 patients (11%). Two patients (4%) tested positive for alcohol. Three patients (6%) tested positive for drugs. Soft tissue injuries (32 [60%]; ie, lacerations and abrasions) were the most common, followed by 30 spine fractures (57%, including 11 lumbar and 10 thoracic fractures), 16 other bone fractures (30%), and 11 rib fractures (21%). Twenty-two patients underwent surgery. Median hospital length of stay was 4 d, ranging from 0 to 20 d. Conclusions Tree stand falls lead to significant injuries. Hypothermia represents a significant risk for these patients, and remote location resulted in long transportation time. Improper use or poor condition of safety equipment contributed to falls and injuries in a few of our patients.
Traveling the Soil of Worlds: Haunted Forgettings and Opaque Memories
Authors: Islekel Ege Selin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis essay works on the role of trauma and forgetting in the subjective formations of the world-traveler andla nueva mestiza. I investigate how forgetting affects the resistant capacities of these figures. I argue throughout that the memory of the world-traveler is an opaque memory, which is unintelligible for the hegemonic demands of transparency, and which forms the silt upon which the resistant possibilities of the world-traveler rest. The first part elaborates María Lugones's conception of world-traveling in relation to Gloria Anzaldúa's New Mestiza consciousness and Mariana Ortega's multiplicitous self. Here I draw attention to the role of opacity and forgetting in the ways in which one can inhabit a world. The second part develops the notions of trauma and haunting to establish the experiential memory of the world-traveler not as a traumatic rupture, but rather as a haunted memory that accompanies her travels. The last section turns to Édouard Glissant's notion of opacity as a resistant mechanism, which works not through the traumatic rupture of experience but rather through sedimentation of experience.
For the Decolonization of the Researcher's Self: An Encounter with Brazilian Quilombola Women and Reflections about the Coloniality of Rurality
Authors: Silva Fernanda , Martins Paula , Carrieri Alexandre 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article presents reflections on our experience with quilombola women, through the lens of the coloniality of power-knowledge. The text aims to challenge the contradictions we face as researchers (the place of power and knowledge) and as women (the self in its dimensions of race, gender, class, or labor). We describe the workshop we presented over four days with the participation of the quilombola women, as well as the quilombo community where the activities were held. We discuss the performance of coloniality during the time we spent together and how it was present in the organization of knowledge and in our bodies, the repercussions of coloniality on ourselves, and the possibility of decolonizing knowledge and subjects, in spite of the colonial pattern of power. The activities we carried out with these women left marks on us and served as a stimulus for us to decolonize ourselves, our judgments of the object-other, as well as our writing and research practices.
SEARCHING FOR AN ANALOGUE OF ATR0 IN THE WEIHRAUCH LATTICE
Authors: KIHARA TAKAYUKI , MARCONE ALBERTO , PAULY ARNO 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere are close similarities between the Weihrauch lattice and the zoo of axiom systems in reverse mathematics. Following these similarities has often allowed researchers to translate results from one setting to the other. However, amongst the big five axiom systems from reverse mathematics, so far
$\mathrm {ATR}_0$
has no identified counterpart in the Weihrauch degrees. We explore and evaluate several candidates, and conclude that the situation is complicated.