bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization‐Modulated Multi‐Mode Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistor for Sensing‐Memory‐Logic Computing and Optical Wireless Communication
Authors: Ci Wenjuan , Wang Peng , Xue Wuhong , Liu Tianqi , Qu Jingyuan , Xu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNeuromorphic machine vision has attracted much attention in the field of artificial intelligence in the post‐Moore era. However, current strategies still suffer from limited modulation, single function, and complex device structure. Here, the integration of sensing, memory, logic computing, and optical wireless communication is realized in a single 2D van der Waals α‐In2Se3/SnS2 ferroelectric heterojunction field‐effect transistor. The device exhibits excellent nonvolatile memory performances including a large memory window (≈76 V), excellent endurance (>800 cycles), and good retention time (>104 s). The device can also emulate synaptic behaviors well such as short‐term to long‐term memory transitions, experiential learning, and associative learning. And the reconfigurable logic gates (AND, OR) can be implemented by controlling electrical and optical inputs. In addition, the nonvolatile output current triggered by optical pulse sequences can express the international English alphabet Morse code (A‐Z), which is expected to be used in the field of optical wireless communication for human–machine interfaces. This work emphasizes that 2D ferroelectric heterojunctions have the advantages of efficient modulation and high function integration, which have great potential for application in the development of future neuromorphic vision systems.
Post‐Assembled Dipole Benzoic Acids Modified Me‐4PACz for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Fan , Xue Tangyue , Du Mengzhen , Huang Hailiang , Zeng Rui , Li Linwei , Wang Chenyun , Song Zhiqiang , Guo Qiang , Hu Xiaotian , Zhou Erjun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSelf‐assembled monolayers (SAMs), particularly those molecules composed of carbazole and phosphonic acid, are widely employed as effective hole‐selective layer (HSL) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the insufficient chemical bond formation with metal oxides (ITO) and self‐aggregation in solvents of carbazole phosphonic acid SAM led to non‐uniform HSL, which in turn affect power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the PSCs. Herein, a series of benzoic acid materials (BAs), including p‐fluorobenzoic acid (FBA) and p‐methylbenzoic acid (MBA), are used as post‐assembly molecules to effectively fill the voids between the [4‐(3,6‐dimethyl‐9H‐carbazole‐9‐yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me‐4PACz) molecules to form a denser HSL, which facilitates passivation of the perovskite buried interface. In addition, post‐assembled BAs with different dipole moments can effectively adjust the work function of Me‐4PACz HSL, facilitating the transport and extraction of charge carriers. Consequently, the PSCs based on Me‐4PACz/FBA HSL realize a champion PCE of 25.58%. Moreover, the unencapsulated devices maintain 82% and 94% of the PCE after 800 h of the outdoor storage (RH≈60%) and 2000 h in glove box, respectively. This post‐assembly technique enhances both the PCE and stability of the device, blazing a simple and effective pathway for further development of PSCs.
Triple‐Additive Strategy for Enhanced Material and Device Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Xiong Zhenghong , Jeon Yun‐Sung , Wang Hongguang , Fu Guiming , Cho Seong‐Ho , Chang Seung‐Joo , van Aken Peter A. , Park Nam‐Gyu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe stability of the FAPbI3 perovskite phase is significantly affected by internal strain. In this report, additives in the perovskite precursor solution are designed to prevent local lattice mismatch of the resulting perovskite layer. Instead of using a conventional methylammonium chloride (Control), triple additives (Target) are introduced by considering ion association and formation energy. The out‐of‐plane orientation for the (100) plane is less pronounced by the triple additives compared to the Control film with a highly enhanced preferred orientation, which reduces the strain gradient and the Pb─I bond distance. Moreover, the anisotropic atomic‐level lattice strain along (111) plane, associated with the α‐to‐δ phase transition, is more uniformly distributed by the triple additives. The triple‐additive strategy demonstrates exceptional phase stability under relative humidity as high as 90% and the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS)‐L‐2 protocol. The device lifetime measured under the ISOS‐D‐1 condition shows that the Target perovskite solar cell (PSC) maintains 95% of its initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) for over 8000 h, and the best PCE of 24.50% is achieved.
Multi Computer Vision‐Driven Testing Platform: Structural Reconstruction and Material Identification with Ultrabroadband Carbon Nanotube Imagers
Authors: Shikichi Daiki , Ota Raito , Kubota Miki , Kinoshita Yuya , Izumi Noa , Kosaka Mitsuki , Nishi Tomoki , Sakai Daiki , Matsuzaki Yuto , Takai Leo , Yamamoto Minami , Aoshima Yuto , Odawara Ryoga , Suyama Takeru Q. , Okawa Hiroki , Zhou Zhenyu , Furukawa Tomoya , Wada Shota , Ikehata Satoshi , Sato Imari , Kawano Yukio , Li Kou 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhile non‐destructive inspections of daily necessities and industrial products require material composition identifications and structural reconstructions of composite multi‐layered 3D objects, the development of analyzing systems that fully satisfy those performances is still insufficient. For such situations, this work synergizes permeable material identifications with carbon nanotube (CNT) film photo‐thermoelectric (PTE) imagers in millimeter‐wave (MMW)–visible light (Vis) bands and conventional Vis‐computer vision (CV) approaches mainly used for analyzing outer shapes of 3D objects. Specifically, this work demonstrates multi‐CV‐driven non‐destructive structural reconstruction techniques by ultrabroad MMW–Vis band multi‐wavelength optical monitoring using the CNT film PTE imager. Here, the CNT film PTE imager ultra‐broadly performs photo‐detection operations over the existing sensors in comparable sensitivities with the conventional narrowband devices at each region. Thus, the above imager facilitates utilizing ultrabroadband multi‐wavelength photo‐irradiation as playing an essential role in the presenting non‐destructive CV system. Following such device performances, the MMW–Vis multi‐CV system with the CNT film PTE imager first speculates spatial locations of each part for targets by visual hull measurements, then restores their detailed structures by tomography approaches. By incorporating these device and system properties, this work finally achieves non‐destructive composition‐identifying structural reconstructions for composite multi‐layered 3D objects.
The Promise and Pitfalls: A Literature Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence as a Learning Assistant in ICT Education
Authors: Chugh Ritesh , Turnbull Darren , Morshed Ahsan , Sabrina Fariza , Azad Salahuddin , Md Mamunur Rashid , Kaisar Shahriar , Subramani Sudha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT“You are imparting human qualities to it because it looks human—but I assure you: it is not. If it were a box on wheels, I would not be facing this opposition.” Commander Bruce Maddox spoke these words during a Star Trek, The Next Generation episode as Lieutenant Commander Data faced an enquiry into his sentience. Similarly, this literature review explores the role of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in education, specifically examining its function as a learning assistant within the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) discipline in higher education. Using AI‐powered tools such as Litmaps and Google Scholar, we conducted an iterative search and reviewed 26 peer‐reviewed articles, focusing on the use of GenAI tools as learning assistants in ICT education. We adhered to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure methodological rigour, excluding non‐ICT populations, secondary sources, and non‐peer‐reviewed literature. The findings highlight the manifold advantages of integrating GenAI into ICT education, including its ability to diagnose programming code, provide tailored feedback, and serve as a valuable learning aid. However, significant challenges were also identified, particularly the tendency of novice programmers to uncritically accept GenAI‐generated output, concerns over academic integrity violations, and issues surrounding the privacy of personal information. We pinpoint that the integration of GenAI influences four key components: Andragogy, Assessment, Integrity, and Privacy. As GenAI becomes more entrenched in educational practices, this research provides a foundation for further exploration and refinement to maximise its transformative potential in higher education.
Design of a Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Laboratory Course Addressing Complex Engineering Problems and Activities
Authors: Hafiz Fahim , Emon Md Jahidul Hoq , Hossain Md Abid , Mukta Md. Saddam Hossain , Islam Salekul , Shatabda Swakkhar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel curriculum for the microprocessors and microcontrollers laboratory course. The proposed curriculum blends structured laboratory experiments with an open‐ended project phase, addressing complex engineering problems and activities. Microprocessors and microcontrollers are ubiquitous in modern technology, driving applications across diverse fields. To prepare future engineers for Industry 4.0, effective educational approaches are crucial. The proposed lab enables students to perform hands‐on experiments using advanced microprocessors and microcontrollers while leveraging their acquired knowledge by working in teams to tackle self‐defined complex engineering problems that utilize these devices and sensors, often used in the industry. Furthermore, this curriculum fosters multidisciplinary learning and equips students with problem‐solving skills that can be applied in real‐world scenarios. With recent technological advancements, traditional microprocessors and microcontrollers curricula often fail to capture the complexity of real‐world applications. This curriculum addresses this critical gap by incorporating insights from experts in both industry and academia. It trains students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in this rapidly evolving technological landscape, preparing them for success upon graduation. The curriculum integrates project‐based learning, where students define complex engineering problems for themselves. This approach actively engages students, fostering a deeper understanding and enhancing their learning capabilities. Statistical analysis shows that the proposed curriculum significantly improves student learning outcomes, particularly in their ability to formulate and solve complex engineering problems, as well as engage in complex engineering activities.
Application of artificial intelligence in the detection of Borrmann type 4 advanced gastric cancer in upper endoscopy (with video)
Authors: Oh Mi Jin , Park Jinbae , Jeon Jiwoon , Park Mina , Kang Seungkyung , Kim Su Hyun , Park Su Hee , Chang Young Hoon , Shin Cheol Min , Kang Seung Joo , Lee Seunghan , Kim Sang Gyun , Cho Soo‐Jeong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundBorrmann type‐4 (B‐4) advanced gastric cancer is challenging to diagnose through routine endoscopy, leading to a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based system capable of detecting B‐4 gastric cancers using upper endoscopy.MethodsEndoscopic images from 259 patients who were diagnosed with B‐4 gastric cancer and 595 controls who had benign conditions were retrospectively collected from Seoul National University Hospital for training and testing. Internal validation involved prospectively collected endoscopic videos from eight patients with B‐4 gastric cancer and 148 controls. For external validation, endoscopic images and videos from patients with B‐4 gastric cancer and controls at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were used. To calculate patient‐based accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, a diagnosis of B‐4 was made for patients in whom greater than 50% of the images were identified as B‐4 gastric cancer.ResultsThe accuracy of the patient‐based diagnosis was highest in the internal image test set, with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 93.22%, 92.86%, and 93.39%, respectively. The accuracy of the model in the internal validation videos, the external validation images, and the external validation videos was 91.03%, 91.86%, and 86.71%, respectively. Notably, in both the internal and external video sets, the AI model demonstrated 100% sensitivity for diagnosing patients who had B‐4 gastric cancer.ConclusionsAn innovative AI‐based model was developed to identify B‐4 gastric cancer using endoscopic images. This AI model is specialized for the highly sensitive detection of rare B‐4 gastric cancer and is expected to assist clinicians in real‐time endoscopy.
Effects of vegetation expansion on morphodynamics of tidal channel networks
Authors: Zuo Yin , Zhao Leihua , Wang Xinchen , Xin Pei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEvolution of coastal landforms, including the formation and development of tidal channel networks in salt marshes, is shaped by the interaction of surface water hydrodynamics, sediment transport and vegetation dynamics. However, the impact of vegetation expansion on tidal channel geomorphology remains unclear. In this study, an ecogeomorphic model coupling abiotic and biotic processes was developed to investigate the effects of vegetation expansion (i.e., seeding and cloning) on tidal channel morphodynamics. The numerical model results demonstrate that vegetation expansion promotes the formation and development of tidal channels. With vegetation cover, the number, total length, area and volume of tidal channels markedly increase. Vegetation also reshapes the cross‐sections of tidal channels, increasing channel depths and decreasing their width‐to‐depth ratios. The synergistic effect of seeding and cloning is more significant than either process alone, leading to enhanced flow convergence and bed shear stress. Consequently, the channel erosion is enhanced, laying the foundational framework for the formation and growth of tidal channel networks. A high expansion rate enhances the effect of vegetation on tidal channel morphodynamics, leading to more developed tidal channel networks. This study focuses on tidal channel networks in salt marsh ecosystems and advances understanding of the geomorphological evolution of tidal channel networks subject to vegetation expansion, and it offers further implications for the management of coastal wetland ecosystems.
Tracing Information Flow from Open Quantum Systems
Authors: Dziewior Jan , Ruscio Leonardo , Knips Lukas , Meyer Eric , Szameit Alexander , Meinecke Jasmin D. A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOpen quantum systems are highly relevant, both for practical applications as well as for fundamental questions about the nature of information and its transfer, encompassing for example decoherence and memory effects. Quantum mechanics introduces additional complexity to the transfer of information, e.g., storage of information in non‐classical correlations. Yet, some of these aspects tend to be neglected by the usual framework of open system research. In this work, photons are used in a waveguide array to implement a quantum simulation of the coupling of a qubit with a low‐dimensional discrete environment. Using the trace distance between quantum states as a measure of information, different types of information transfer are analyzed. Extending the usual perspective which is focused on the system alone, the presence of information is also investigated in the environment.
Toward Laser‐Driven Lighting with High Overall Optical Performance: Thermally Robust Composite Phosphor‐in‐Glass Film
Authors: Yang Zezhong , Zheng Song , Zhuo Sifan , Lin Shisheng , Pang Tao , Zeng Lingwei , Wang Jing , Lu Ping , Huang Feng , Chen Daqin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor laser‐driven white light sources, phosphor‐in‐glass films (PiGFs), typically sintered onto substrates with high‐thermal conductivity, are developed and emerged as the leading materials. However, compared to other all‐inorganic color converters, such as single crystals, transparent ceramics, PiGF suffers from a low saturation threshold, poor thermal stability and limited irradiation durability, which restricts its practical applications. To overcome these limitations, in this study, a series of h‐BN‐YAG:Ce3+ PiGF is developed on opaque Al2O3/transparent Al2O3 (B‐Y PiGF@o/t‐Al2O3) by directly incorporating high‐thermal‐conductivity fillers into the PiGF. The selective incorporation of h‐BN establishes a local heat conduction network, significantly increasing the saturation threshold and luminous flux. Through optimization, a maximum luminous flux of 6015.46 ± 14.46 lm with a saturation threshold of 16.15 ± 0.48 W mm−2 is achieved in reflective excitation mode, outperforming previous high‐performance PiGFs. The addition of h‐BN both enhanced heat dissipation and improved the uniformity of white light output in transmissive excitation mode, addressing the “yellow ring” effect commonly seen in laser‐driven lighting. The application potential of the developed composite has been proven ranging from automotive headlights to medical lighting, offering a path toward enhanced brightness, more efficient, and operational‐stable next‐generation lighting technologies.
A Single‐Layer Spin‐Multiplexed Metasurface for Chameleon‐Like Electromagnetic Camouflage and Low Detectability
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Zhou Chang , Fu Yang , Yang Helin , Cheng Houyuan , Zhao Ruonan , Jin Jing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel methodology for designing electromagnetic (EM) camouflage metasurfaces. Initially, a temperature‐sensitive resistor is embedded within the chiral atom, allowing temperature‐induced variations to selectively modulate the reflection amplitude of the left‐handed circularly polarized (LCP) wave. Subsequently, the reflected phases of both the right‐handed circularly polarized (RCP) and LCP waves are independently modulated, ensuring that the two phases span the full 2π range. Ultimately, the atoms are strategically arranged to facilitate the realization of various camouflage functions. As a proof of concept, a metasurface demonstrating chameleon‐like camouflage and low detectability is simulated, fabricated, and experimentally validated. When the LCP wave is incident, retroreflection occurs at a specific angle. Similar to a chameleon, the radar cross section (RCS) varies in response to temperature changes. When an RCP wave is incident, an average RCS reduction greater than 12 dB is achieved in X and Ku band. Furthermore, at an incident angle of 60°, the metasurface maintains an RCS reduction exceeding 8.5 dB. Both simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed metasurface effectively combines the advantages of chameleon‐like camouflage with broadband, large‐angle low detectability, demonstrating its potential for applications in electromagnetic camouflage.
Sintering‐Free Phosphor Films for Laser‐Driven Lighting
Authors: Wen Haiyang , Zheng Peng , Lin Sheng , Zhou Tianliang , Xie Rong‐Jun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhosphor color converters in the form of ceramics and films are key components in laser‐driven solid‐state lighting, but the high temperature (> 500 °C) required to densify them usually leads to a high loss in quantum efficiency and thermal stability. In this work, a sintering‐free method is reported to fabricate efficient and thermally robust phosphor films on an aluminum substrate by using an Al2O3 inorganic glue at room temperature. The sintering‐free method enables to maintain the initial photoluminescence properties of phosphor particles in the film and thus obtains loss‐free phosphor films. The Y3Al5O12:Ce‐Al2O3 composite phosphor film has a luminance saturation threshold of 16.5 W mm−2, and allows to generate laser‐driven white light with a luminous flux of 1680 lm, luminous efficiency of 205 lm W−1, and Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) of 6778 K. Dual‐phosphor films consisting of yellow, red or green phosphors are also fabricated to achieve tunable color temperatures and high color rendering properties of white light. The sintering‐free approach provides an interesting solution to prepare damage‐free and thermally robust phosphor films for laser‐driven solid‐state lighting.
THE FUTURE OF LEADERSHIP: NEURODIVERSITY IN LEADERSHIP TEAMS
Authors: Praslova Ludmila 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, a Professor of Graduate Industrial‐Organizational Psychology at Vanguard University of Southern California, discusses the concept of neurodiversity within leadership, and how gradually the approach of leaders continues to change from one that has been predominately commanding to more empathetic and reflective. “Homogenous leadership teams,” she writes, “also lack the diversity of talent to meet the full range of leadership challenges and adequately fill the many types of new, emerging leadership roles – from Chief Wellbeing Officers to Chief Artificial Intelligence/AI Ethicists and Chief Data Officers.” She explains that “neurodiversity reflects the diversity in human neurobiological development, which may influence cognitive styles, emotional and sensory processing, mind‐body connection, learning, specific talents and abilities, and more.” She further notes that “neurodiversity is a characteristic of humanity in the same way as biodiversity is a characteristic of nature.” Regarding teamwork, she notes that “diverse leadership teams that include the unique ability patterns of neurodivergent people will be critical to driving innovation and tackling complex challenges.” And: “Promoting a Culture of Holistic Inclusion is a cultural shift essential to creating neuroinclusive leadership pipelines.” Among the strategies are, in her words, normalizing human differences and removing narrow demands on personal characteristics.
Barriers to Training in Social Control of the Brazilian Public Healthcare System in Physiotherapy Courses
Authors: Cavalcante Amanda Araujo , Gomes Tayná Bernardino , Brito Geraldo Eduardo Guedes de , Moriguchi Cristiane Shinohara 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeThe education of physiotherapists is disengaged from social control, which is one of the principles of the Brazilian public healthcare system. Social control ensures the participation of the population in the planning and monitoring of the public healthcare system and depends on qualified professionals. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate how training in social control occurs in undergraduate physiotherapy courses at public higher education institutions in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.MethodsFive teaching staff members were interviewed and six teaching projects were analyzed from a total sample of six public higher education institutions in the state of São Paulo using a qualitative method.ResultsThe physiotherapy curriculum at Brazilian higher education institutions is based on the national curricular guidelines. However, these guidelines have gaps in the curricular guidance related to social control in terms of ensuring consistent training throughout the course, practical experiences, and a sufficient workload. To overcome barriers to training in social control, there is a need for the qualification of teaching staff, the adoption of skill‐based education, the strengthening of social control, and a human resource policy favoring the hiring of physiotherapists in the Brazilian public healthcare system.DiscussionTraining in social control in physiotherapy courses at higher education institutions remains a challenge, considering the complex skills involved and the requirement of curricular changes. The present study only analyzed public educational institutions in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.