bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photometric redshifts in the North Ecliptic Pole Wide field based on a deep optical survey with Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Ho Simon C-C , Goto Tomotsugu , Oi Nagisa , Kim Seong Jin , Malkan Matthew A , Pollo Agnieszka , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Toba Yoshiki , Kim Helen K , Hwang Ho Seong , Shim Hyunjin , Huang Ting-Chi , Kim Eunbin , Wang Ting-Wen , Santos Daryl Joe D , Matsuhara Hideo 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The AKARI space infrared telescope has performed near-infrared to mid-infrared (MIR) observations on the North Ecliptic Pole Wide (NEPW) field (5.4 deg2) for about 1 yr. AKARI took advantage of its continuous nine photometric bands, compared with NASA's Spitzer and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer(WISE) space telescopes, which had only four filters with a wide gap in the MIR. The AKARI NEPW field lacked deep and homogeneous optical data, limiting the use of nearly half of the IR sources for extragalactic studies, because of the absence of photometric redshift (photo-z). To remedy this, we have recently obtained deep optical imaging over the NEPW field with five bands (g, r, i, z and Y) of the Hyper Suprime-Camera (HSC) on the Subaru 8-m telescope. We optically identify AKARI-IR sources along with supplementary Spitzer and WISE data as well as pre-existing optical data. In this work, we derive new photo-z using a χ2 template-fitting method code, PHotometric Analysis for Redshift Estimate (Le Phare) and reliable photometry from 26 selected filters including HSC, AKARI, Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, Maidanak, Kitt Peak National Observatory, Spitzer and WISE data. We take 2026 spectroscopic redshifts (spec-z) from all available spectroscopic surveys over the NEPW field to calibrate and assess the accuracy of the photo-z. At z &lt; 1.5, we achieve a weighted photo-z dispersion of σΔz/(1+z) = 0.053 with η = 11.3 per cent catastrophic errors.
Non-isotropic feedback from accreting spinning black holes
Authors: Sala Luca , Cenci Elia , Capelo Pedro R , Lupi Alessandro , Dotti Massimo 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are massive black holes (BHs) caught in the act of accreting gas at the centre of their host galaxies. Part of the accreting mass is converted to energy and released into the surrounding medium, in a process loosely referred to as AGN feedback. Most numerical simulations include AGN feedback as a sub-grid model, wherein energy or momentum (or both) is coupled to the nearby gas. In this work, we implement a new momentum-driven model in the hydrodynamics code gizmo, in which accretion from large scales is mediated by a sub-grid accretion disc model, and gas particles are stochastically kicked over a bi-conical region, to mimic observed kinetic winds. The feedback cone’s axis can be set parallel either to the angular momentum of the gas surrounding the BH or to the BH spin direction, which is self-consistently evolved within the accretion-disc model. Using a circumnuclear disc (CND) as a test bed, we find that (i) the conical shape of the outflow is always visible and is weakly dependent on the launching orientation and aperture, resulting in comparable mass inflows and outflows; (ii) the cone’s orientation is also similar amongst our tests, and it is not always the same as the initial value, due to the interaction with the CND playing a crucial role in shaping the outflow; and (iii) the velocity of the outflow, instead, differs and strongly depends on the interplay with the CND.
Plasmid replication-associated single-strand-specific methyltransferases
Authors: Fomenkov Alexey , Sun Zhiyi , Murray Iain A , Ruse Cristian , McClung Colleen , Yamaichi Yoshiharu , Raleigh Elisabeth A , Roberts Richard J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Analysis of genomic DNA from pathogenic strains of Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 and Escherichia coli O104:H4 revealed the presence of two unusual MTase genes. Both are plasmid-borne ORFs, carried by pBCA072 for B. cenocepacia J2315 and pESBL for E. coli O104:H4. Pacific Biosciences SMRT sequencing was used to investigate DNA methyltransferases M.BceJIII and M.EcoGIX, using artificial constructs. Mating properties of engineered pESBL derivatives were also investigated. Both MTases yield promiscuous m6A modification of single strands, in the context SAY (where S = C or G and Y = C or T). Strikingly, this methylation is asymmetric in vivo, detected almost exclusively on one DNA strand, and is incomplete: typically, around 40% of susceptible motifs are modified. Genetic and biochemical studies suggest that enzyme action depends on replication mode: DNA Polymerase I (PolI)-dependent ColE1 and p15A origins support asymmetric modification, while the PolI-independent pSC101 origin does not. An MTase-PolI complex may enable discrimination of PolI-dependent and independent plasmid origins. M.EcoGIX helps to establish pESBL in new hosts by blocking the action of restriction enzymes, in an orientation-dependent fashion. Expression and action appear to occur on the entering single strand in the recipient, early in conjugal transfer, until lagging-strand replication creates the double-stranded form.
On The Vibrations of Pyramidal Beams With Rectangular Cross-Section and Application to Unswept Wings
Authors: Campos L M B C , Marta A C 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The bending frequencies of an unswept wing are calculated based on the model of a beam clamped at the root and free at the tip. For a tapered wing with straight leading- and trailing-edges, the chord is a linear function of the span; the same linear function of the span applies to thickness, in the case of constant thickness-to-chord ratio. The latter is usually small, so that the beam differs from the more frequent cases of a conical beam with a circular cross-section or a prismatic beam with a square cross-section. Thus, the bending modes of a non-uniform beam are considered, with mass and area moment of inertia which are respectively quadratic and quartic functions of the span. There is no exact solution expressible in finite terms using elementary functions, and thus power series expansions are used. The bending frequencies are calculated for a delta wing and compared with a rectangular wing, with the same span, mean chord and thickness, mass density and Young’s modulus. It is shown that the fundamental frequency is higher by a factor 4.96 for the delta wing; it is also shown that the general case of the tapered wing is intermediate between the delta and the rectangular wing. Lastly, the analytical results obtained for the bending modes are compared with numerical modal analyses of general tapered wing beams using high-fidelity finite-element model software.
Interpersonal brain synchronization under bluffing in strategic games
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Wang Yiwen , Zhou Xiaolin , Yu Rongjun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
People commonly use bluffing as a strategy to manipulate other people’s beliefs about them for gain. Although bluffing is an important part of successful strategic thinking, the inter-brain mechanisms underlying bluffing remain unclear. Here, we employed a functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning technique to simultaneously record the brain activity in the right temporal-parietal junction in 32 pairs of participants when they played a bluffing game against each other or with computer opponents separately. We also manipulated the penalty for bluffing (high vs low). Under the condition of high relative to low penalty, results showed a higher bluffing rate and a higher calling rate in human-to-human as compared to human-to-computer pairing. At the neural level, high relative to low penalty condition increased the interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) in the right angular gyrus (rAG) during human-to-human as compared to human-to-computer interaction. Importantly, bluffing relative to non-bluffing, under the high penalty and human-to-human condition, resulted in an increase in response time and enhanced IBS in the rAG. Participants who bluffed more frequently also elicited stronger IBS. Our findings support the view that regions associated with mentalizing become synchronized during bluffing games, especially under the high penalty and human-to-human condition.
Molecular epidemiology in the HIV and SARS-CoV-2 pandemics
Authors: Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon , Ozer Egon A. , Achenbach Chad J. , D’Aquila Richard T. , Hultquist Judd F. 
Published: November 2020

Purpose of review
The aim of this review was to compare and contrast the application of molecular epidemiology approaches for the improved management and understanding of the HIV versus SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.

Recent findings
Molecular biology approaches, including PCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS), have become powerful tools for epidemiological investigation. PCR approaches form the basis for many high-sensitivity diagnostic tests and can supplement traditional contact tracing and surveillance strategies to define risk networks and transmission patterns. WGS approaches can further define the causative agents of disease, trace the origins of the pathogen, and clarify routes of transmission. When coupled with clinical datasets, such as electronic medical record data, these approaches can investigate co-correlates of disease and pathogenesis. In the ongoing HIV epidemic, these approaches have been effectively deployed to identify treatment gaps, transmission clusters and risk factors, though significant barriers to rapid or real-time implementation remain critical to overcome. Likewise, these approaches have been successful in addressing some questions of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and pathogenesis, but the nature and rapid spread of the virus have posed additional challenges.

Summary
Overall, molecular epidemiology approaches offer unique advantages and challenges that complement traditional epidemiological tools for the improved understanding and management of epidemics.
Response to a Skin Puncture Contaminated with 238Pu at Los Alamos National Laboratory
Authors: Klumpp John , Bertelli Luiz , Dumit Sara , Gadd Milan , Poudel Deepesh , Waters Tom L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The three principal pathways for intakes of plutonium are ingestion, inhalation, and contaminated wounds. In August 2018, a glovebox worker at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) sustained a puncture from a thread of a braided steel cable contaminated with 238Pu. The puncture produced no pain, no blood, and little or no visible mark. As a result, the potential for a contaminated wound was not immediately recognized, and a wound count was not conducted until elevated urine bioassay results were received 12 d after the incident. This paper discusses the circumstances of the incident, along with the medical response and dose assessment, and a discussion of the risks and benefits of the medical interventions.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Celiac Disease
Authors: Zheng Xin , Shaha Sneha , Khawar Talha 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Celiac disease is a systemic immune-mediated enteropathy that is primarily characterized by its gastrointestinal symptoms with significant extraintestinal manifestations. A multidisciplinary approach is often required to appropriately recognize and manage the disease. Dermatology providers play an important role in the early recognition and diagnosis of this disease especially in those individuals who initially present with prominent cutaneous manifestations. This review article focuses on the cutaneous manifestations of celiac disease with the aim to increase awareness of this disease among dermatology providers to facilitate an early diagnosis and referral to appropriate specialty providers.
Associations Between Cyberbullying Perpetration, Sleep Quality, and Emotional Distress Among Adolescents
Authors: Liu Caimeng , Liu Zhen , Yuan Guangzhe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate that cyberbullying perpetration and sleep quality likely have vital linkages to each other and to emotional distress. In this article, we examine the bidirectional association between cyberbullying perpetration, sleep quality, and emotional distress in a longitudinal data set with two waves of data collection (T1 and T2, 8 months apart). The participants included 661 Chinese junior high school students (n = 661; mean age, 14.02; 61.4% male) who filled out the Revised Cyber Bullying Inventory–Cyberbullying Subscale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Results revealed that cyberbullying and sleep quality would predict each other over time, and significant bidirectional relationships were found between sleep quality and emotional distress across T1 and T2. Cyberbullying at T1 would not predict the emotional distress at T2, whereas emotional distress at T1 was associated with cyberbullying at T2.
Pulmonary Embolism Versus Mimics on Dual-energy Spectral Computed Tomography: An Algorithmic Approach
Authors: Kikano Elias George , Laukamp Kai Roman , Azeze Samuel , Smith Daniel , Rahnemai-Azar Amir-Ata , Gupta Aekta , Gupta Amit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Pulmonary embolism is a commonly encountered diagnosis that is traditionally identified on conventional computed tomography angiography. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is a new technology that may aid the initial identification and differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. In this review, we present an algorithmic approach for assessing pulmonary embolism on DECT, including acute versus chronic pulmonary embolism, relationship to conventional computed tomography angiography, surrogate for likelihood of hemodynamic significance, and alternative diagnoses for DECT perfusion defects.
Subclassification of BI-RADS 4 Magnetic Resonance Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jianyu , Zheng Hui , Cai Weiguo , Wang Yanfang , Zhang Hanfei , Liao Meiyan 
Published: November 2020

Objective
This research aims to investigate and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in classifying Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 4 lesions into subcategories: 4a, 4b, and 4c, so as to limit biopsies of suspected lesions in the breast.

Methods
The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library foreign language databases were searched for literature published between January 2000 and July 2018. After analyzing the selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, a meta-analysis was performed, including data pooling, heterogeneity testing, and meta-regression.

Results
Fourteen articles, including 18 studies, met the inclusion criteria. The diagnostic efficacy of MRI for BI-RADS 4–weighted summary assay sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–0.98] and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81–0.91), respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 7.1 (95% CI, 4.7–10.7) and 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.14), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 126 (95% CI, 37–426), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93–0.97). The malignancy ratio of BI-RADS 4a, 4b, and 4c and malignancy range were 2.5% to 18.3%, 23.5% to 57.1%, and 58.0% to 95.2%, respectively.

Conclusion
Risk stratification of suspected lesions (BI-RADS categories 4a, 4b, and 4c) can be achieved by MRI. The MRI is an effective auxiliary tool to further subclassify BI-RADS 4 lesions and prevent unnecessary biopsy of BI-RADS 4a lesions.
What Are COVID Toes? A Case Study
Authors: Beuscher Tara L. , Andrews Sarah E. 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 symptoms mimic many other common conditions, making it difficult to identify patients infected with COVID-19. Adult patients may exhibit what is called “COVID toes” later in their course of illness. Noteworthy is that COVID toes may be the only symptom in otherwise asymptomatic young adults and children.

CASE:
We present experience with an adult female patient residing in the United States with presumed COVID-19 infection who was self-isolating with illness not severe enough to require hospitalization. COVID toes were one symptom experienced as a part of her illness. Because COVID toes are usually seen in the recovery phase of COVID-19, and often in patients with less severe cases, many providers are unfamiliar with this new symptom.

CONCLUSION:
Familiarity with COVID toes will help foot care providers to identify patients who may not have been diagnosed with COVID-19 but could still be infectious and need to be isolated. COVID toe signs may be subtle and often mimic other conditions such as chilblains/pernio, thus a thorough history and physical examination are required.
Public Health response to an outbreak of SARS-CoV2 infection in a Barcelona prison
Authors: Marco A , Gallego C , Pérez-Cáceres V , Guerrero RA , Sánchez-Roig M , Sala-Farré RM , Fernández-Náger J , Turu E 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn outbreak of SARS-CoV2 infection in a Barcelona prison was studied after seven cases appeared in nine days. One hundred and eighty-four people (148 inmates and 36 prison staff) were evaluated by rt-PCR. Thirty-nine (24.1%) were positive: 33 inmates and six staff members. The inmates were isolated in prison module 4, which was converted into an emergency COVID unit. Two people (one inmate and one health worker) were admitted to hospital for clinical deterioration. There were no deaths. Outbreaks pose a huge risk, must be detected early, are difficult to manage, and require optimal coordination between health and prison authorities.
Risk of acute arterial and venous thromboembolic events in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)
Authors: Bettiol Alessandra , Sinico Renato Alberto , Schiavon Franco , Monti Sara , Bozzolo Enrica Paola , Franceschini Franco , Govoni Marcello , Lunardi Claudio , Guida Giuseppe , Lopalco Giuseppe , Paolazzi Giuseppe , Vacca Angelo , Gregorini Gina , Leccese Pietro , Piga Matteo , Conti Fabrizio , Fraticelli Paolo , Quartuccio Luca , Alberici Federico , Salvarani Carlo , Bettio Silvano , Negrini Simone , Selmi Carlo , Sciascia Savino , Moroni Gabriella , Colla Loredana , Manno Carlo , Urban Maria Letizia , Vannacci Alfredo , Pozzi Maria Rosa , Fabbrini Paolo , Polti Stefano , Felicetti Mara , Marchi Maria Rita , Padoan Roberto , Delvino Paolo , Caporali Roberto , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Dagna Lorenzo , Cariddi Adriana , Toniati Paola , Tamanini Silvia , Furini Federica , Bortoluzzi Alessandra , Tinazzi Elisa , Delfino Lorenzo , Badiu Iuliana , Rolla Giovanni , Venerito Vincenzo , Iannone Florenzo , Berti Alvise , Bortolotti Roberto , Racanelli Vito , Jeannin Guido , Padula Angela , Cauli Alberto , Priori Roberta , Gabrielli Armando , Bond Milena , Tedesco Martina , Pazzola Giulia , Tomietto Paola , Pellecchio Marco , Marvisi Chiara , Maritati Federica , Palmisano Alessandra , Dejaco Christian , Willeit Johann , Kiechl Stefan , Olivotto Iacopo , Willeit Peter , Prisco Domenico , Vaglio Augusto , Emmi Giacomo 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveSystemic small vessel vasculitides carry an increased risk of acute arterial and venous thromboembolic events (AVTE); however, this risk has not been systematically explored in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA). This study assessed the occurrence and main risk factors of AVTE among EGPA patients as compared to the general community from the population-based Bruneck cohort.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study on 573 EGPA patients. Clinical and serological data were collected at diagnosis. Occurrence of AVTE and time to the first AVTE after EGPA diagnosis were recorded. Age-standardized event rate (SER) of AVTE as compared to the reference cohort was assessed. Cox regression was applied to identify AVTE predictors.Results129 EGPA patients (22.5%) had AVTE, considered as potentially life-threatening in 55.8%. Seventy patients experienced an AVTE prior to diagnosis (of whom 58.6% in the two years before diagnosis) and 75 following EGPA diagnosis, of whom 56% in the two subsequent years. The SER of AVTE as compared to the reference cohort was 2.10 (95% CI 1.67-2.63). This risk was particularly increased in patients with history of AVTE and with a Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score ≥20 at diagnosis. Patients receiving immunosuppression within 2 months of diagnosis were at lower risk, while antiplatelet or anticoagulant treatment did not confer measurable benefit.ConclusionEGPA is associated with AVTE in approximately one quarter of patients, particularly around diagnosis. Immunosuppressants seemed to exert a protective effect, while anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents did not.
Characterising COVID-19 as a Viral Clotting Fever: A Mixed Methods Scoping Review
Authors: Marley Justin , Marley Nisha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over 1 million lives globally and results from the SARS-COV2 virus. COVID-19 is associated with a coagulopathy. In this mixed-methods PRISMA-compliant scoping review, we set out to determine if ARDS, sepsis and DIC could account for the coagulopathy and if there were any other features of the coagulopathy we could determine so as to inform future research. Methods: We used a search strategy to identify papers with clinically relevant thromboembolic events in COVID-19. We then developed a technique referred to as an Abridged Thematic Analysis (ATA) to quickly identify themes in the papers so as to increase the yield of clinically relevant information. We further developed Validated Abridged Thematic Analysis (VATA) to validate the resulting taxonomy of themes. Finally we developed a number of methods that can be used by other researchers to take forwards this work. Results: We identified 56 studies with 10,523 patients, 456 patients with COVID-19 and thromboembolic events (TBE’s) and 586 thrombembolic events. There were an average of 1.3 TBE’s per patient. There were five main arterial territories with corresponding clinical sequelae: Acute limb ischaemia, myocardial infarcts, strokes, mesenteric ischaemia and pulmonary embolism. We also identified DVT’s. There were two further groups: medical-device-related coagulopathy and dermal lesions. In a subgroup of 119 patients we found mortality ranged from 26% in DVT to 79% in acute limb ischaemia although there was evidence of selection bias in the latter group. All patients were hospitalised and the average age of survivors was 63 versus 73 for those who died. 91/150 patients with TE’s had fever. From the ATA, we identified 16 characteristics of the clotting pathology in COVID-19. From the VATA, we identified 34 mechanisms leading to coagulopathy and grouped them according to Virchow’s triad of vascular damage, stasis and hypercoagulability. Coagulopathy occurred with and without each of ARDS, Sepsis and DIC. We conclude that COVID-19 leads to the syndrome of a viral clotting fever in a subgroup of patients and that the presentation of coagulopathy and fever should raise the possibility of COVID-19 as a differential. We make recommendations for future research studies.