bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive model of bleeding following endoscopic sphincterotomy for the treatment of choledocholithiasis in hemodialysis patients: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Nakaji So , Okawa Yoshihiro , Nakamura Kenji , Itonaga Masahiro , Inase Masami , Sugiyama Harutoshi , Suzuki Rei , Yamauchi Kenji , Matsui Hiroki , Hirata Nobuto , Saito Junko , Ishii Naoki , Tsuyuguchi Toshio , Kato Hironari , Kitano Masayuki , Kato Naoya , Ohira Hiromasa , Okada Hiroyuki , Torimura Takuji , Maguchi Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimAlthough hemodialysis (HD) is a strong risk factor for postendoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) bleeding, additional risk factors in HD patients remain unclear. There is no model for predicting post‐ES bleeding risk in HD patients. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study to reveal these risk factors and develop a predictive model of post‐ES bleeding in HD patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HD patients who underwent ES at eight hospitals between January 2006 and December 2016, with post‐ES bleeding as the main outcome measure. Univariate analyses were performed to extract possible risk factors for post‐ES bleeding. Factors that were clinically important and statistically significant in our univariate analyses were then included in our logistic regression analysis for the development of a multivariate predictive model of post‐ES bleeding. This predictive model was visualized using a predictive nomogram.ResultsPost‐ES bleeding occurred in 20 (16.3%) of 123 HD patients. Based on clinically important factors and the results of our univariate analyses, platelet count, prothrombin time (international normalized ratio), and HD duration were included in our predictive model of post‐ES bleeding. Receiver operating characteristic analysis found that this model had an area under the curve of 0.715 (95% confidence interval, 0.609–0.822). We developed a predictive nomogram based on these results.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that post‐ES bleeding is more common in HD patients than in the general population and succeeded in constructing a predictive model that can effectively identify HD patients at risk of post‐ES bleeding.
Hypoxia‐responsive miR‐141–3p is involved in the progression of breast cancer via mediating the HMGB1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Shanping , Ma Jinglin , Xie Panpan , Wu Zhen , Tian Xingsong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia‐responsive miRs have been frequently reported in the growth of various malignant tumors. The present study aimed to investigate whether hypoxia‐responsive miR‐141–3p was implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer via mediating the high‐mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)/hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α signaling pathway.Materials and methodsmiRs expression profiling was filtrated by miR microarray assays. Gene and protein expression levels, respectively, were examined by a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chaion reaction and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed using a transwell assay. Cell growth was determined using nude‐mouse transplanted tumor experiments.ResultsmiR‐141–3p was observed as a hypoxia‐responsive miR in breast cancer. miR‐141–3p was down‐regulated in breast cancer specimens and could serve as an independent prognostic factor for predicting overall survival in breast cancer patients. In addition, the overexpression of miR‐141–3p could inhibit hypoxia‐induced cell migration and impede human breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cell growth in vivo. Mechanistically, the hypoxia‐related HMGB1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway might be a possible target of miR‐141–3p with respect to preventing the development of breast cancer.ConclusionsOur finding provides a new mechanism by which miR‐141–3p could prevent hypoxia‐induced breast tumorigenesis via post‐transcriptional repression of the HMGB1/HIF‐1α signaling pathway.
Children with coronavirus disease 2019: A review of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging features in pediatric patients
Authors: Cui Xiaojian , Zhang Tongqiang , Zheng Jiafeng , Zhang Jiayi , Si Ping , Xu Yongsheng , Guo Wei , Liu Zihui , Li Wenliang , Ma Jia , Dong Cuicui , Shen Yongming , Cai Chunquan , He Sijia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere is a current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), with a global spread. With the rapid increase in the number of infections, an increase is observed in the number of children with COVID‐19. Most research findings are regarding adult cases, which are not always transferrable to children. Evidence‐based studies are still expected to formulate clinical decisions for pediatric patients. In this review, we included 2597 pediatric patients that reported recently and evaluated the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of children with COVID‐19. We found that even lymphopenia was the most common lab finding in adults; it infrequently occurred in children (9.8%). Moreover, elevated creatine kinase MB isoenzyme was much more commonly observed in children (27.0%) than that in adults, suggesting that heart injury would be more likely to occur in pediatric patients. Our analysis may contribute to determine the spectrum of disease in children and to develop strategies to control the disease transmission.
Impact of processing on the nutritional and functional value of mandarin juice
Authors: Di Nunzio Mattia , Betoret Ester , Taccari Annalisa , Dalla Rosa Marco , Bordoni Alessandra 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough phenolic compounds have a role in the health benefits of fruit juice consumption, little is known about the effect of processing on their bioaccessibility. The release of phenolic compounds from the food matrix during digestion is an important pre‐requisite for their effectiveness within the human body, and so it is fundamental to identify technological treatments able to preserve not only the concentration of phytochemicals, but also their bioaccessibility. In the present study, we investigated the impact of high‐pressure homogenization (HPH), alone and in the presence of 100 g kg−1 trehalose or Lactobacillus salivarius, on the bioaccessibility of flavonoids in mandarin juice. In addition, digested mandarin juices were supplemented to liver cultured cells in basal and stressed conditions to evaluate their protective effect in a biological system.RESULTSHPH reduced the concentration of total phenolics and main flavonoids but increased their bioaccessibility after in vitro digestion (P < 0.001). In the basal condition, supplementation with all digested juices significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration (P < 0.001). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration in the medium was also reduced by supplementation with HPH‐treated juices. Although pre‐treatment with juices did not completely counteract the applied oxidative stress, it preserved cell viability, and cells pre‐treated with juices submitted to HPH in the presence of probiotics showed the lowest ROS concentration.CONCLUSIONThe present study represents an important step ahead in the evaluation of the impact of processing on the nutritional and functional value of food, which cannot simply be assessed based on chemical composition. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Cobalt‐60 and electron beam irradiation‐induced lipid oxidation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Li Hai‐Lan , Yu Ying‐Hui , Xiong Guang‐Quan , Liao Tao , Zu Xiao‐Yan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIrradiation can cause lipid oxidation of fish. This study aimed to examine the effect of radiation (method, dose and dose rate) on the acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content and fatty acid profile of fresh and freeze‐dried largemouth bass flesh.RESULTSAV, PV and TBARS presented a dose‐dependent increase in fish meat for both cobalt‐60 (60Co) and electron beam (EB) irradiation. With a 6 kGy dose of radiation, all measured indices in the 60Co group were significantly higher than those in the EB group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). With a 3 kGy dose of radiation, AV, PV and TBARS in the 200 Gy min−1 dose rate group were significantly lower than those in the 2 and 80 Gy min−1 groups (P < 0.05). After 60Co irradiation, AV, PV and TBARS in most fresh samples were significantly higher than those in freeze‐dried samples (P < 0.01). And 60Co irradiation decreased the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content in fresh samples and increased the UFA content in freeze‐dried samples. Our study indicated that 60Co irradiation, particularly at a low dose rate, accelerated lipid oxidation in fish meat. A large amount of muscle moisture enhances the amount of UFA loss in fish meat during 60Co irradiation.CONCLUSIONSA low dose (3 kGy) of EB irradiation, a high dose rate (200 Gy min−1) of 60Co irradiation or freeze‐drying treatment can alleviate the lipid oxidation of largemouth bass meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Mango by‐products as a natural source of valuable odor‐active compounds
Authors: Oliver‐Simancas Rodrigo , Muñoz Raquel , Díaz‐Maroto María Consuelo , Pérez‐Coello María Soledad , Alañón María Elena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aromatic potential of mango by‐products was evaluated to seek natural and cheap sources of odor‐active compounds. Volatile compounds in mango peel and seed were chemically characterized and compared with those in mango pulp using headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME/GC–MS).RESULTSMore than 60 volatile compounds were detected in mango by‐products, whose aromatic activity was estimated using odorant activity values (OAVs). The results indicated that mango peel was a valuable matrix of odor‐active compounds, which were found in even larger quantities than in edible mango fractions. 3‐Carene was the predominant compound, although other compounds such as decanal, 1‐octen‐3‐one, nonanal, limonene, β‐damascenone, and 2‐nonenal were the most odor‐active compounds in mango peel. The greatest aromatic impact was obtained from mango peel, with sensorial features described as fresh / herbaceous, fruity, floral and resinous.CONCLUSIONThe exceptional flavoring potential of mango peel by‐product opens a door for its use and revalorization as a natural flavoring ingredient in the food and cosmetic industries. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Why People With Parkinson's Disease Experience Near‐Drowning—and How to Prevent It
Authors: Tosserams Anouk , Nijkrake Maarten J. , Voet Nicoline B.M. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Nonnekes Jorik 
Published: May 2020

View Supplementary Video S1View Supplementary Video S2View Supplementary Video S3
Artificial intelligence‐based clinical decision support in modern medical physics: Selection, acceptance, commissioning, and quality assurance
Authors: Mahadevaiah Geetha , RV Prasad , Bermejo Inigo , Jaffray David , Dekker Andre , Wee Leonard 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundRecent advances in machine and deep learning based on an increased availability of clinical data have fueled renewed interest in computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). CDSSs have shown great potential to improve healthcare, increase patient safety and reduce costs. However, the use of CDSSs is not without pitfalls, as an inadequate or faulty CDSS can potentially deteriorate the quality of healthcare and put patients at risk. In addition, the adoption of a CDSS might fail because its intended users ignore the output of the CDSS due to lack of trust, relevancy or actionability.AimIn this article, we provide guidance based on literature for the different aspects involved in the adoption of a CDSS with a special focus on machine and deep learning based systems: selection, acceptance testing, commissioning, implementation and quality assurance.ResultsA rigorous selection process will help identify the CDSS that best fits the preferences and requirements of the local site. Acceptance testing will make sure that the selected CDSS fulfills the defined specifications and satisfies the safety requirements. The commissioning process will prepare the CDSS for safe clinical use at the local site. An effective implementation phase should result in an orderly roll out of the CDSS to the well‐trained end‐users whose expectations have been managed. And finally, quality assurance will make sure that the performance of the CDSS is maintained and that any issues are promptly identified and solved.ConclusionWe conclude that a systematic approach to the adoption of a CDSS will help avoid pitfalls, improve patient safety and increase the chances of success.
Machine learning for radiation outcome modeling and prediction
Authors: Luo Yi , Chen Shifeng , Valdes Gilmer 
Published: May 2020

AimsThis review paper intends to summarize the application of machine learning to radiotherapy outcome modeling based on structured and un‐structured radiation oncology datasets.Materials and methodsThe most appropriate machine learning approaches for structured datasets in terms of accuracy and interpretability are identified. For un‐structured datasets, deep learning algorithms are explored and a critical view of the use of these approaches in radiation oncology is also provided.ConclusionsWe discuss the challenges in radiotherapy outcome prediction, and suggest to improve radiation outcome modeling by developing appropriate machine learning approaches where both accuracy and interpretability are taken into account.
Head and neck cancer patient images for determining auto‐segmentation accuracy in T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging through expert manual segmentations
Authors: Cardenas Carlos E. , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Yang Jinzhong , Gooding Mark , Veeraraghavan Harini , Kalpathy‐Cramer Jayashree , Ng Sweet Ping , Ding Yao , Wang Jihong , Lai Stephen Y. , Fuller Clifton D. , Sharp Greg 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in radiotherapy treatment planning has rapidly increased due to its ability to evaluate patient’s anatomy without the use of ionizing radiation and due to its high soft tissue contrast. For these reasons, MRI has become the modality of choice for longitudinal and adaptive treatment studies. Automatic segmentation could offer many benefits for these studies. In this work, we describe a T2‐weighted MRI dataset of head and neck cancer patients that can be used to evaluate the accuracy of head and neck normal tissue auto‐segmentation systems through comparisons to available expert manual segmentations.Acquisition and validation methodsT2‐weighted MRI images were acquired for 55 head and neck cancer patients. These scans were collected after radiotherapy computed tomography (CT) simulation scans using a thermoplastic mask to replicate patient treatment position. All scans were acquired on a single 1.5 T Siemens MAGNETOM Aera MRI with two large four‐channel flex phased‐array coils. The scans covered the region encompassing the nasopharynx region cranially and supraclavicular lymph node region caudally, when possible, in the superior–inferior direction. Manual contours were created for the left/right submandibular gland, left/right parotids, left/right lymph node level II, and left/right lymph node level III. These contours underwent quality assurance to ensure adherence to predefined guidelines, and were corrected if edits were necessary.Data format and usage notesThe T2‐weighted images and RTSTRUCT files are available in DICOM format. The regions of interest are named based on AAPM’s Task Group 263 nomenclature recommendations (Glnd_Submand_L, Glnd_Submand_R, LN_Neck_II_L, Parotid_L, Parotid_R, LN_Neck_II_R, LN_Neck_III_L, LN_Neck_III_R). This dataset is available on The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) by the National Cancer Institute under the collection “AAPM RT‐MAC Grand Challenge 2019” (https://doi.org/10.7937/tcia.2019.bcfjqfqb).Potential applicationsThis dataset provides head and neck patient MRI scans to evaluate auto‐segmentation systems on T2‐weighted images. Additional anatomies could be provided at a later time to enhance the existing library of contours.
Dynamic brittle fracture with eigenerosion enhanced material point method
Authors: Zhang Kun , Shen Shui‐Long , Zhou Annan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis article proposes an approach to resolve the dynamic fracture of brittle materials by incorporating eigenerosion into the material point method (MPM) framework. The eigenerosion approach links the crack propagation to energy conservation based on the variational theory of fracture mechanics. This idea closely resembles the conventional treatment for the phase‐field method. The major difference is that the effective energy release rate of each particle that controls the crack propagation is only calculated within its neighborhood domain for the eigenerosion approach. Because evaluation of the material's fracture behavior can be decoupled from the governing equations as a separate solution step, the eigenerosion scheme allows straightforward implementation into any standard MPM solver with minor modifications. In addition, a phantom‐node method is employed to handle the preexisting crack. With these settings, the proposed model can capture complex fracture behaviors. Several representative benchmark tests demonstrate the efficiency and validity of the proposed model.
Effect of VEGFC on lymph flow and inflammation‐induced alveolar bone loss
Authors: Wang Hua , Chen Yuyi , Li Wenlei , Sun Lian , Chen Hongyu , Yang Qiudong , Zhang Hang , Zhang Weibing , Yuan Hua , Zhang Hengwei , Xing Lianping , Sun Wen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis and the immunological response to inflammation. The effects of lymphatic drainage dysfunction on periodontitis have not been well studied. Here we show that lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor 1 (LYVE1)+/podoplanin (PDPN)+ lymphatic vessels (LVs) are increased in the periodontal tissues, with accumulation close to the alveolar bone surface, in two murine periodontitis models: rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐associated periodontitis and ligature‐induced periodontitis. Further, PDPN+/alpha‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA)− lymphatic capillaries are increased, whereas PDPN+/αSMA+ collecting LVs are decreased significantly in the inflamed periodontal tissues. Both mouse models of periodontitis have delayed lymph flow in periodontal tissues, increased TRAP‐positive osteoclasts, and significant alveolar bone loss. Importantly, the local administration of adeno‐associated virus for vascular endothelial growth factor C, the major growth factor that promotes lymphangiogenesis, increases the area and number of PDPN+/αSMA+ collecting LVs, promotes local lymphatic drainage, and reduces alveolar bone loss in both models of periodontitis. Lastly, LYVE1+/αSMA− lymphatic capillaries are increased, whereas LYVE1+/αSMA+ collecting LVs are decreased significantly in gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis compared with those of clinically healthy controls. Thus, our findings reveal an important role of local lymphatic drainage in periodontal inflammation‐mediated alveolar bone loss. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular subtyping reveals immune alterations in IDH wild‐type lower‐grade diffuse glioma
Authors: Wu Fan , Li Guan‐Zhang , Liu Han‐Jie , Zhao Zheng , Chai Rui‐Chao , Liu Yu‐Qing , Jiang Hao‐Yu , Zhai You , Feng Yue‐Mei , Li Ren‐Peng , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild‐type diffuse lower‐grade glioma (LGG) is usually associated with poor outcome, but there have been disputes over its clinical outcome and classification. We present here a robust gene expression‐based molecular classification of IDH wild‐type diffuse LGG into two subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features. A discovery cohort of 49 IDH wild‐type diffuse LGGs from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) was subjected to clustering and function analysis. Seventy‐three tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to validate our findings. Consensus clustering of transcriptional data uncovered concordant classification of two robust and prognostically significant subtypes of IDH wild‐type LGG. Subtype 1, associated with poorer outcomes, was characterized by significantly higher immune and cytolytic scores, M2 macrophages, and up‐regulation of immune exhaustion markers, while Subtype 2, which had elevated lymphocytes and plasma cells, showed relatively favorable survival. Somatic alteration analysis revealed that Subtype 1 showed more frequently deleted regions, such as the locus of CDKN2A/CDKN2B, DMRTA1, C9orf53, and MTAP. Furthermore, we developed and validated a five‐gene signature for better application of this acquired stratification. Our data demonstrate the biological and prognostic heterogeneity within IDH wild‐type diffuse LGGs and deepen our molecular understandi‐g of this tumor entity. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Malignant melanotic Xp11 neoplasms exhibit a clinicopathologic spectrum and gene expression profiling akin to alveolar soft part sarcoma: a proposal for reclassification
Authors: Wang Xiao‐tong , Fang Ru , Zhang Ru‐song , Ye Sheng‐bing , Li Rui , Wang Xuan , Pan Rui , Liu Chong , Chen Jie‐yu , Zhao Ming , Teng Xiao‐dong , Yu Wen‐juan , Li Yu‐jun , Wang Feng‐hua , Zhang Jian‐guo , Yang Qi‐chang , Zhang Yong‐sheng , Lu Zhen‐feng , Ma Heng‐hui , Zhou Xiao‐jun , Xia Qiu‐yuan , Rao Qiu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe classification of the distinct group of mesenchymal neoplasms, first described as ‘Xp11 translocation perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa)’ and for which the term ‘melanotic Xp11 neoplasm’ or ‘Xp11 neoplasm with melanocytic differentiation’ has recently been proposed, remains challenging and controversial. We collected 27 melanotic Xp11 neoplasms, the largest series to date, for a comprehensive evaluation. Fourteen of the cases, together with eight alveolar soft part sarcomas (ASPS), nine conventional PEComas and a control group of seven normal tissues were submitted to RNA sequencing. Follow‐up available in 22 patients showed 5‐year overall survival and 5‐year disease‐free survival of 47.6 and 35.7%, respectively, which were similar to ASPS and significantly worse than conventional PEComa. Univariate analysis of location (occurring in the kidney versus not kidney), infiltrative growth pattern, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic activity ≥2/50 high‐power fields (HPF), necrosis and lymphovascular invasion were found to be associated with overall survival and/or disease‐free survival. Multivariate analysis identified that location was the only factor found to independently correlate with disease‐free survival. More importantly, RNA sequencing‐based clustering analysis segregated melanotic Xp11 neoplasm and ASPS from other tumors, including conventional PEComa and Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma, and formed a compact cluster representative of the largely similar expression signature. Here we clearly define the true biologic nature of melanotic Xp11 neoplasms which are distinctive malignant mesenchymal tumors, rather than simply PEComa variants with occasionally unpredictable behavior. Meanwhile, melanotic Xp11 neoplasm and ASPS more likely represent phenotypic variants of the same entity, which is distinct from conventional PEComa and Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma. Based on these important findings, melanotic Xp11 neoplasm might be reclassified into a distinctive entity together with ASPS, independent from PEComa, in future revisions of the current WHO categories of tumors of soft tissue and bone for the improved reclassification. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.