bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of types and concentrations of adsorbents on aloe vera gel opacity
Authors: Hendrawati T Y , Utami A D , Nugrahani R A , Hasyim U H , Ramadhan A I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aloe vera is one of the medicinal plants that are frequently used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in cosmetic products. The type of Aloe vera that is commonly cultivated in Pontianak, Indonesia, is that of Aloe Chinensis Baker. The part of Aloe vera that is commonly used is its gel, which is an opaque mucilaginous gel. The objective of this research is to determine the effects of the addition of adsorbents on the Aloe vera gel opacity. Using Aloe vera as the main ingredient of aloe vera gel, gel is obtained by peeling off the green skin of the Aloe vera leaves that have been washed. A gel is then pureed and filtered to reduce dregs. The purified gel is added with adsorbents. This research employs two factorials, those are adsorbent types (Zeolite and Bentonite) and concentrations (0 %, 2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 % and 10 %). The parameters used for analyses are refractive index, pH, Vitamin C content, density, and viscosity. Regression analyses are performed on the concentrations and yields. Results show that addition of Zeolite produces better clearance on Aloe vera gel than that of Bentonite, with the concentration of Zeolite at 2.5 %. The analyses further produce a refractive index of 1.332 for Zeolite treated gel. This value is close to the water refractive index of 1.3325.
Risk level analysis of work safety and health on national road routine maintenance project using self-management system
Authors: Rani H A , Isya M , Iqbal M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Routine maintenance refers to the repair of damages on roads’ sections by means of steady service condition. It is always conducted on the Blangkejeren-Laweaunan Road Section on annual basis. It is often conducted using a self-management system by Executing Officer (PPK) 08, which, according to government statistics is 65 km long. While implementing the project, PPK worked with a competent subcontractor as well as a foreman from the community surrounding the project region. To reduce the risks and enhance safety, the contractor made use of the Management System of Safety and Health (SMK3), following all the regulations that apply in Indonesia. The study aims at identifying the K3 risk level in road routine maintenance work. This is done based on the PU Ministry Regulation No 05/PRT/M/2014 through interviewing the PPK. In the same context, determination of the compliance level is done by workers (subcontractor and foreman) is done based on the Construction and Building Guideline No. 004/BM/2006 by assessing the use of Personal Protector Equipment (APD) in the routine road maintenance activities, sidewalk routine maintenance, water channel routine maintenance of cut and fill, and road equipment routine maintenance. The low risk can be found in the routine maintenance the pavements, roadsides, and road infrastructure, while the moderate risk in water channels of the excavations and the heap’s routine maintenance. Among the two, moderate risk has more portions and it must be conducted by workers who can fully comply with APD.
Mechanical degradation of normal concrete due to seawater intrusion
Authors: Hamdi F , Imran H A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Problems that occur in concrete buildings in the coastal environment of concrete damage caused by degradation of concrete that interacted seawater. Real damage caused by seawater, consists of 3 (three) parts: submerged concrete part, concrete part affected by tidal seawater and part of the concrete affected by seawater splashing. The concrete damage discussed in this research is the mechanical degradation of concrete due to the intrusion of seawater in the submerged seawater. Damage can occur in concrete due to the reaction between aggressive seawater that is intruded into the concrete and compounds in the concrete that causes the concrete lose some of its mass, its strength, and stiffness and also accelerate the weathering process. The results of this study indicate that the reduction of compressive strength of concrete due to the intrusion of seawater tends to show a logarithmic graph. Concrete compressive strength will lose by 50% when the concrete is soaked seawater for 19,031 days. Normal quality concrete f’c = 25 MPa undergoes mechanical degradation due to seawater intrusion, in this case, the compressive strength of concrete is 12,063 % when soaked 28 days and 16,809 % when soaked 90 days.
Feasibility study and resilience disaster assessment toward shelter and settlement areas in Rinjani circumference, Sembalun district, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Sushanti I R , Imansyah N H , Hirsan F P , Putranadi A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rinjani is one of the active volcanoes in the province of West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. In 2018, Rinjani designated as world geopark by UNESCO. Mount Rinjani has regional support Rinjani potential as a world geopark, which Rinjani circumference. This study aims to assess feasibility and disaster resilience towards shelter and settlement in Rinjani circumference. This study uses qualitative descriptive analysis by examining building physical elements and the environment. Based on the identification, it is necessary to organize shelter and settlement resilient among other things: 1) Land Use, is planning disaster vulnerability zones, emergency response settlements, and protected areas, and public facilities in safe zones, 2) Shape and Building Mass, is adjusting environment and local wisdom, climate and context, household and livelihood activities, occupancy problems, construction materials, construction activities, participatory design, venting and vector control, 3) Circulation and Parking, is integrating circulation paths with evacuation routes, assessing access, security and safety of local settlements, road infrastructure and artificial lighting requirements; 4) Open Space, is preserving sustainability, functions, and environmental value as the world’s geopark region; 5) Supporting Activities and Signages, is making signage indicating route, tourist activities location, processing activities of agricultural and plantation as well as informative evacuation.
Study of alternative building for tsunami evacuation in Kuta Alam sub-district Banda Aceh
Authors: Soviana W , Rani H A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Kuta Alam Sub District has many potential hazards, especially from the sea. The location of the area that is directly adjacent to the sea causes it to be very vulnerable to tsunami. Its topography is lowland less than 1 meter above the sea-level. Tsunami in 2004 had taken a great number of people lives in the area about 14.95 % of the total number of inhabitants which is 55,030 people that time. However, there is still no any evacuation building available in Kuta Alam to escape from Tsunami. We know tsunami which might be occurred anytime unpredictable. In order to save people’s lives, it is needed to conduct a study to find alternatives buildings to be used for evacuation and rescue in the area. The aim of this study to identify the locations and number of alternative buildings that are potential as the tsunami evacuation building in Kuta Alam Sub-district. The study used the survey system toward the buildings with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data analyzing is conducted spatially through geographic information systems. Based on observation results toward evacuation building in Kuta Alam Sub-district, there are some buildings renovated in order to be functioned as tsunami evacuation buildings. The renovation should be done on roof, school, and ladder evacuation of the mosque that are selected as evacuation buildings. Until today, those buildings have not been renovated to be eligible as evacuation places. The result found that there are 45 public buildings that can be used for alternative evacuation buildings in Kuta Alam Sub-district. That can accommodate 94.06 % of the total number of people this time which is 49,011 people.
Thermal conductivity of aerated concrete containing rice husk ash as partially sand replacement
Authors: Hadipramana J , Riza F V , Ali N , Somad A A A , Basri N H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Limited natural energy sources give impact on the selection of the material that can subtract energy consumption. Regarding to conservation energy, in the field of building and construction, the selection of concrete with good heat capacity is a requirement, besides light in weight. The objective of this study was to investigate the thermal conductivity of Foamed Concrete containing Rice Husk Ash (FCRHA). Rice husk ash (RHA) is the type fly ash that can absorb heat due to moisture. RHA The measurement of thermal conductivity on FC and FCRHA was conducted using box insulation and recorded using thermal data logger. The result showed that FCRHA absorb heat from the beginning when the heat is distributed, while FC slow absorp the heat. Modification FC by replacing sand partially with RHA provides an evolution to profitable use of construction materials in the heat absorption.
Land suitability based on land function using geographic information system (GIS) in landslide potential area
Authors: Susanti F , Ridha R , Kurniawan A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Located in West Lombok, Gunung Sari is an area that frequently experiences landslides. Diverse land characteristics and the incompatibility of land allotment allegedly can be some factors causing the landslides. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research to analyze the land suitability in some areas with a high frequency of landslides. The research approach used in this research is descriptive quantitative with overlay analysis techniques using Arc Gis application program. Based on the data analysis results, it was discovered that Gunung Sari has an area of 2.376.36 Ha or 29% of the total land area which is not in accordance with its designation, an area of 4.032.49 Ha or 49% of the total land area can be categorized into a conditional land and an area of 1.786 Ha or 22% of the total land might be classified into a suitable area land. According to the land function of this area, it was found that the largest area that is unsuitable land and conditional land are located in the conservation zone covering an area of 2249.48 Ha for the unsuitable land and 2433.24 Ha for the conditional land.
Analysis of drainage dimension at the density of housing environment (case study: urban drainage at Gampong Keuramat, Kuta Alam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia)
Authors: Akmal  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the relatively flat area such as Banda Aceh, the effort to prevent flooding could be made by monitoring the drainage system. This study was conducted at Gampong Keuramat, Kuta Alam subdistrict, Banda Aceh, in which the area has been densely populated yet having uneven population distribution and experience the continuous increasing of less-planned residential area coverage as the rise in the number of immigration to the region. If not anticipated further, the condition could lead to flooding since the amount of water discharge to the drainage could be larger than the capacity of existing drainage. Thus, this study was conducted to analyze the capacity of existing drainage and to identify the cause of drainage inundation in the area. The study was focus on the part of the drainage that was not functioned normally, while Rational Method was used to analyze the channel discharge data. The result shows that the E-F channel and F-G channel are not in the safe condition since the channel discharge design is broader (0.06 m3/sec and 0.08 m3/sec, respectively) than the actual channel discharge (0.05 m3/sec and 0.07 m3/sec, respectively). Furthermore, those channels can be improved by increasing the slope and enlarging the channel’s dimension.
Evaluation of maintenance system in emergency installation of Meuraxa Hospital Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Fatimah A , Amin J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hospital building and all its equipment require regular maintenance in order to avoid heavier damage. The implementation of continuity of optimal hospital building maintenance is expected to reduce the incidence of heavier damage and minimize the cost of existing repair and ensure the readiness of supporting facilities for the implementation of health services to the public in the hospital. The purpose of this research is to know the maintenance system that has been applied and to identify the condition of building emergency installation in Meuraxa Hospital. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 91 respondents who are employees, nurses, doctors, and families of patients who are in the installation of Meuraxa hospital in Banda Aceh. Based on descriptive analysis, obtained the highest mean value is at component of roof maintenance at Building emergency installation (X1) for 3,934. This shows that respondents assess the roof maintenance variable is good. And the lowest mean is on ceramic maintenance component (X2) for 2,894. This indicates that respondents assess ceramic maintenance are less well. The observation results show the same thing with the opinion of the respondents which is the roof conditions on emergency installation Meuraxa is categorized as mild damage and still functioning well but the color of the roof cover has faded. Similarly, in the paint maintenance (X3), window and door frames maintenance (X4), ceiling maintenance (X5), water installation maintenance (X6), electrical installation maintenance (X7), air conditioning installation maintenance (X8), sanitary maintenance (X9) ) is categorized as mild damage but still function well. On the results of these observations by researchers in general about the building emergency installation, it can be concluded that the implementation of building emergency installation maintenance has been done well.
Development of construction dispute resolution process through arbitration (Indonesian National Board of Arbitration (BANI)
Authors: Hayati K , Latief Y , Santos A J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The construction industry has various levels of complexity and competitiveness that may lead to conflicts among different principle and perspective. In case these conflicts are not managed properly, soon it will become disputes. One of the institutions in the field of arbitration for settlement of construction disputes in Indonesia is the Indonesian National Board of Arbitration (BANI). This study shows the construction project arbitration process and its risk factors in the Indonesian National Board of Arbitration (BANI). The study was conducted with structured interviews and surveys for data collection, followed by statistical and qualitative risk analysis. Current construction dispute resolution processes applied in the Indonesian National Board of Arbitration (BANI) is then evaluated by reviewing its processes followed by suggestion for a faster procedure of dispute resolution through the arbitration. This research will develop the dispute resolution process using arbitrage method in order to optimize the necessary time for dispute resolution.
Structural characterization of mixed local material for a ceramic porcelain insulator
Authors: Aripin H , Usrah I , Busaeri N , Priyadi R , Hermawan Y , Sudiana I N , Joni I M , Sabchevski S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A novel type of ceramic porcelain insulator material was produced by mixing kaolin with zeolite. The composition was prepared by adding a controllable amount of kaolin ranging from 30 wt% to 100 wt% into the zeolite. Then a series of samples were sintered at 1200°C. The influence of the composition on the structural properties was studied in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that the microstructure of porcelain body is characterized by the presence of elongated mullite grains. It was found also that the decrease of the kaolin content in the porcelain body leads to a decrease in the crystalline phase of mullite. The analysis of the structural properties of such ceramics indicates that zeolite could not be recommended as an appropriate material for manufacturing of high-voltage ceramic porcelain insulators by mixing it with kaolin.
The current and voltage curves simulation solar module using IV tracer networks
Authors: Cholish  , Sara I D , Away Y , Azis A , Noorly E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Simulation is done to see that the output parameter value of a solar module. Output produced a solar module as measured manually does not provide information that solar modules working at optimal power. Information on the performance of a solar module can be done with a piece of equipment called IV Tracer. IV Tracer work to collect data by varying the value of the working voltage of solar modules ranging from short circuit to open relations. IV Tracer circuits using MOSFETs IRF540 with snubber circuits produce 52 samples of data for 506 mS. The shape of the characteristic curve of current and voltage (IV) produced in accordance with the datasheet PSIM with the fill factor of 0.71.IV Tracer circuit can generate output parameters according to the theory of power changes to variations in temperature values of 0.05% and variations in light intensity of 0.14%. IV Tracer circuit with MOSFET switching system and may dampen stepping snubber circuit voltage of -0.2 V in accordance with the solar module to be tested.
Comparative analysis between the switch mode power supply (SMPS) using IC Tl494cn transformer based on power supply linear
Authors: Azis H A , Cholish  , Rimbawati  , Evalina N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In general Audio Amplifier using linear transformer-based power supply as energy conversion. Such use may cause interference with electrical installation sourced from the substation circuit. The non-linear load would cause problems in the electrical installation system. This research shows that Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) has a minimum voltage Vdrop output load of about 100 to 33.33 ohms. On the burden of 25-20 ohms as the voltage Vdrop output, which is different from Linear Power Supply Transformer-based parameters, that its voltage Vdrop output was changed significantly.
Optimization of overcurrent relay coordination using cuckoo search algorithm in electronic induction systems
Authors: Rahmania Z S , Syafa’ah L , Pakaya I , Zulfatman  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Overcurrent relay protection is one of the electrical power supply protection mechanisms that serve to prevent the system from overcurrent. The main issue that occurs when developing the coordination of overcurrent relays is the timing determination of the primary and back-up relay operation. The objective of this study is to develop an optimization method to result a faster operating time of relay coordination. The optimization method was developed and implemented in case of PT Semen Padang (Indarung VI) at 150 kV PLN’s source, which was operated with conventional calculation method. The Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) method was proposed as optimization method for calculation. The optimization was used to set the relay time and the secondary current (Ipickup) according to the British standard to obtain the optimal Coordination Time Interval (CTI). The CSA method was calculated by MATLAB R2016 software, while the relay testing was done on the ETAP 12.6.0. Results of simulation indicate that the CSA method more capable and faster than the manual calculations in calculating relay setting coordination since almost all of the CTI values were reached in 2.0 to 4.0 seconds.
A Smart Sustainable approach for waste management in post-natural disaster phase
Authors: Fatimah Y A , Murniningsih R , Setiawan A , Aman M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As an archipelago country, Indonesia is lied on the Pacific ring of fire - the center of active volcano and earthquake, located in tsunami-prone regions and several tectonic plates and had intense tropical rain, that places Indonesia at regular risk of earthquake, volcano eruption, tsunami, flood, and other natural disasters. Instead of nature and severity destructions, these natural disasters create a large volume of debris and waste, about 5 to 10 times of the solid waste generated usually, that have negative impacts on environmental, social and public health if not managed carefully. This study proposes a smart, sustainable approach for waste management in post-natural disaster. Some natural disaster happened in Indonesia was collected from Indonesia’s National Disaster Mitigation Agency to identify the global waste and debris potential from the disaster. Smart, sustainable municipal waste management framework based on four priority areas of governance, economy, social and environment, from the previous study, is adopted to develop a post-disaster smart, sustainable waste management framework and a pre-design system. The proposed framework is focused on the technical mechanism for collecting and converting generated waste and debris into valuable materials that are integrated into the waste management system.
Estimating the escalation of mine tailings disaster risks by using a life cycle assessment approach
Authors: Adiansyah J S , Rahmawati D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Mine tailings should be managed properly to avoid the tailings accident that recorded more than 230 tailings accident worldwide. These accidents caused human and environmental losses. This paper estimates the escalation of mine tailings dam failure using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. The LCA functional unit (FU) is defined as 1 tonne of fine coal concentrate slurry generated by flotation cells. SimaPro software was chosen to analyze the material flow data of a mine coal tailings disposal system and focused on impact categories associated with disaster issues including human toxicity, terrestrial eco-toxicity, freshwater eco-toxicity, and marine eco-toxicity. The results showed that the impact escalation of coal mine tailings during 20 years of operation for human toxicity, terrestrial eco-toxicity, freshwater eco-toxicity, and marine eco-toxicity were 13,740 DALY, 27.40 species year, 0.04 species year, and 0.001 species year respectively. These results indicated that a good mine tailings management should be applied by mine site to prevent a human and environmental disaster from mine tailings accident.
Reducing the natural disaster impacts by using an appropriate water testing technology
Authors: Rahmawati D , Adiansyah J S , Alpiana  , Isfanari  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The natural disaster might cause various impacts to the human including water supply. Polluted water sources should be treated prior consumed. The water treatment process refers to the water testing results. This paper was aimed to determine an effective water testing technology for emergency situations associated with natural disasters. The methods used were literature review and experiment. Various water testing methods during emergency response were explored by a terature review. In addition, the accuracy of manual and digital water testing kit, including pH and turbidity, were conducted through an experiment. The research resulted that the effectiveness of turbidity tubes ranged from 80 to 100%. While the pH kit effectiveness ranged from 80 to 94%. There is no rule to classify the best technology during emergency response. The chosen technology depends on each humanitarian agency’s condition including financial and human resources.