bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universities as catalysts of social innovation in health systems in low-and middle-income countries: a multi-country case study
Authors: van Niekerk Lindi , Mathanga Don Pascal , Juban Noel , Castro-Arroyave Diana Maria , Balabanova Dina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Social innovation (SI) in health holds potential to contribute to health systems strengthening and universal health coverage (UHC). The role of universities in SI has been well described in the context of high-income countries. An evidence gap exits on SI in healthcare delivery in the context of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as on the engagement of universities from these contexts. There is thus a need to build capacity for research and engagement in SI in healthcare delivery within these universities. The aim of this study was to examine the adoption and implementation of network of university hubs focused on SI in healthcare delivery within five countries across Africa, Asia and Latin America. The objectives were to describe the model, components and implementation process of the hubs; identify the enablers and barriers experienced and draw implications that could be relevant to other LMIC universities interested in SI.

Methods
A case study design was adopted to study the implementation process of a network of university hubs. Data from documentation, team discussions and post-implementation surveys were collected from 2013 to 2018 and analysed with aid of a modified policy analysis framework.

Results/discussion
SI university-based hubs serve as cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral platforms, established to catalyse SI within the local health system through four core activities: research, community-building, storytelling and institutional embedding, and adhering to values of inclusion, assets, co-creation and hope. Hubs were implemented as informal structures, managed by a small core team, in existing department. Enablers of hub implementation and functioning were the availability of strong in-country social networks, legitimacy attained from being part of a global network on SI in health and receiving a capacity building package in the initial stages. Barriers encountered were internal institutional resistance, administrative challenges associated with university bureaucracy and annual funding cycles.

Conclusions
This case study shows the opportunity that reside within LMIC universities to act as eco-system enablers of SI in healthcare delivery in order to fill the evidence gap on SI and enhance cross-sectoral participation in support of achieving UHC.
Oral intermittent vitamin D substitution: influence of pharmaceutical form and dosage frequency on medication adherence: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rothen Jean-Pierre , Rutishauser Jonas , Walter Philipp N. , Hersberger Kurt E. , Arnet Isabelle 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To assess adherence to and preference for vitamin D substitution with different pharmaceutical forms and frequencies of administration.

Methods
A focus group of stakeholders aimed at preparing the design of an interventional, randomized, cross-over study with 2 × 2 groups obtaining monthly or weekly vitamin D products in liquid or solid form for 3 months each. Dosage corresponds to cumulated amount of recommended 800 IU daily (5.600 IU weekly / 24.000 IU monthly). Main inclusion criteria were a vitamin D serum value < 50 nmol/l and age ≥ 18 years. Primary endpoint was adherence, secondary endpoints were preferences and vitamin D serum levels.

Results
The focus group reached consensus for preference of a monthly administration of solid forms to adults.
Full datasets were obtained from 97 participants. Adherence was significantly higher with monthly (79.5–100.0%) than weekly (66.4–98.1%) administration. Vitamin D levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) in all participants. An optimal value of > 75 nmol/l was achieved by 32% after 3 months and by 50% after 6 months. Preferred formulation was solid form (tablets, capsules) for 71% of participants, and preferred dosage frequency was monthly for 39% of participants.

Conclusions
Monthly oral vitamin D in solid form lead to the highest adherence, and is preferred by the participants. However, only one third of study participants achieved values in the optimal range of > 75 nmol/l cholecalciferol using weekly or monthly administration providing an average daily cholecalciferol dose of 800 IU.

Trial registration
NCT03121593 | SNCTP000002251. Registered 30. May 2017,. Prospectively registered.
Predictability and controlling factors of overpressure in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, SE Germany: an interdisciplinary post-drill analysis of the Geretsried GEN-1 deep geothermal well
Authors: Drews Michael C. , Hofstetter Peter , Zosseder Kai , Shipilin Vladimir , Stollhofen Harald 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany is Germany’s most active deep geothermal province. However, in its southern and eastern part the basin is considerably overpressured, which is a significant challenge for drilling deep geothermal wells. In this study, we combine drilling data and velocity-based pore pressure analyses with 3D basin modeling to assess the predictability and controlling factors of overpressure in the sub-regional context (area of 80 km × 50 km) around the Geretsried GEN-1 well, a deep geothermal exploration well in the southern part of the North Alpine Foreland Basin in SE Germany. Drilling data and velocity-based pore pressure analyses indicate overpressure maxima in the Lower Oligocene (Rupelian and Schoeneck Formation) and up to mild overpressure in the Upper Oligocene (Chattian) and Upper Cretaceous, except for the hydrostatically pressured northwestern part of the study area. 3D basin modeling calibrated to four hydrocarbon wells surrounding the Geretsried GEN-1 well demonstrates the dominating role of disequilibrium compaction and low permeability units related to overpressure generation in the North Alpine Foreland Basin. However, secondary overpressure generation mechanisms are likely contributing. Also, the impact of Upper Cretaceous shales, which are eroded in the northwestern part of the study area, on overpressure maintenance is investigated. The calibrated basin model is tested against the drilling history and velocity (VSP) data-based pore pressure estimate of the Geretsried GEN-1 well and reveals that pore pressure prediction is generally possible using 3D basin modeling in the North Alpine Foreland Basin, but should be improved with more detailed analysis of lateral drainage systems and facies variations in the future. The results of the study are of relevance to future well planning and drilling as well as to geomechanical modeling of subsurface stresses and deep geothermal production in the North Alpine Foreland Basin.
Saudi Arabia, pharmacists and COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ahmad Ajaz , Alkharfy Khalid M. , Alrabiah Ziyad , Alhossan Abdulaziz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe latest outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic has placed a significant effect on health care system around the world. This article discusses the role of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia during the current Covid-19 pandemic. Pharmacists are an important part of everyday healthcare in Saudi Arabia. Pharmacists helped to protect the public from Covid-19 pandemic disease by participating in various initiatives including health education and promotion, medication dispensing, medication reconciliation, medication and patient counselling, training for self-management in current outbreak and emergency preparedness. Full utilization of skills of pharmacists boosted the safety response of Saudi Arabia to Covid-19 pandemic.
AusLAMP 3D MT imaging of an intracontinental deformation zone, Musgrave Province, Central Australia
Authors: Thiel Stephan , Goleby Bruce R. , Pawley Mark J. , Heinson Graham 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe central Australian Musgrave Province at the junction of the South, North and West Australian cratons has undergone and continues to retain evidence of significant whole-of-crust, and most likely ‘whole-of-lithosphere’ tectono-magmatic processes. The area is known for some of the largest geophysical anomalies related to significant Moho offsets of up to 15 km, which resulted from repeated intracratonic reworking since the Neoproterozoic. New magnetotelluric (MT) data have been collected across the Musgrave Province in Western Australia and South Australia as part of the Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project (AusLAMP). Station spacing was $$\sim 50\,\hbox {km}$$

∼
50

km

between 96 sites over an area of 500 × 700 km. Long-period MT impedance and tipper data over a bandwidth of 8 s to 10,000 s period have been inverted using a smooth 3D inverse algorithm. The 3D model shows two predominant resistivity trends. There are deep ($$>65\,\hbox {km}$$

>
65

km

) north–south mantle conductors that we infer to be related to the Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic north-trending arc-related rocks that experienced ultra-high temperature metamorphism and widespread magmatism during the Mesoproterozoic Musgravian Orogeny. These conductors are preserved in the crust south of the Musgrave Province. The upper mantle also contains a localised resistive zone that possibly represents generation of mafic- to ultramafic magmas during the c. 1090–1040 Ma Giles Event. The crust ($$<65\,\hbox {km}$$

<
65

km

depth) contains strong east–west crustal conductors interpreted to reflect the east–west structural grain that initiated during the c. 1090–1040 Ma Giles Event and overprinted the older N–S-oriented mantle anomalies. These E–W crustal conductors coincide with magnetic anomalies that represent crustal-scale structures, and high gravity anomalies associated with significant Moho offsets resulting from further reactivation during the c. 630–520 Ma Petermann and c. 450–300 Ma Alice Springs orogenies.
Thoracoscopic repair of diaphragmatic hernia following ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Saka Ryuta , Sakai Takaaki , Kanaya Tomomitsu , Tazuke Yuko , Kugo Yosuke , Taira Masaki , Ueno Takayoshi , Okuyama Hiroomi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Diaphragmatic hernia is a rare complication of ventricular assist device (VAD), mainly developing after explantation of the device. We herein report a case of diaphragmatic hernia that developed following the implantation of VAD.

Case presentation
A 4-month-old girl with a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy underwent VAD implantation for a bridge to heart transplantation. Three months later, intermittent vomiting developed, and left-sided diaphragmatic hernia was confirmed on plain X-ray and computed tomography. Without any findings of ischemia, we performed elective thoracoscopic repair of the diaphragmatic hernia. In the right decubitus position, thoracoscopy revealed the small intestine to be herniated into the left thorax. After reduction of the herniated intestine, the defect of the diaphragm (3 × 2 cm in size) was directly closed with interrupted non-absorbable sutures. Her postoperative course was uneventful.

Conclusion
Thoracoscopic repair of diaphragmatic hernia associated with VAD implantation may be a safe approach.
A cohort study comparing internal fixation for undisplaced versus hip arthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fracture in the elderly: a pilot study for a clinical trial
Authors: Mukka Sebastian , Sjöholm Pontus , Aziz Athir , Eisler Thomas , Kadum Bakir , Krupic Ferid , Morberg Per , Sayed-Noor Arkan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction
The literature regarding undisplaced femoral neck fractures (FNF) is sparse. The aim of this prospective feasibility study is to compare the clinical outcome after undisplaced FNF treated with internal fixation (IF) and displaced FNF treated with hip arthroplasty. We hypothesized that hip arthroplasty would give a lower incidence of reoperations.

Methods
A total of 235 patients were included with a median age of 84 years (range 65–99). A consecutive series of 65 patients with undisplaced FNF were treated with IF, and 170 patients with displaced FNF were treated with either a total hip arthroplasty or a hemiarthroplasty. Follow-up interviews were conducted at 1 year using the Harris Hip Score (HHS), WOMAC, and pain numeric rating scale (PNRS). The minimum follow-up time was 22 months. There was no difference in baseline data between the groups.

Results
Nineteen (8%) hips required reoperation at least once at a mean of 6 months (range 0–35). The rate of reoperation was higher in the IF group compared to the hip arthroplasty group (13.8% vs. 5.9%, 95% CI 0.9–6.4). The overall 1-year and 2-year mortality was 28% and 40%, respectively, with no difference between the groups. The most common reasons for reoperations in the IF group were non-union and avascular necrosis, and 6 patients were treated with hip or excision arthroplasty. In the arthroplasty group, the most common indications were deep infection and dislocation. We did not find any differences between the groups in terms of HHS, WOMAC, and PNRS.

Conclusions
In this feasibility study, we found no differences in patient-reported outcomes between the groups although IF required a higher rate of reoperations. Further randomized trials are needed to establish the optimal treatment of undisplaced FNF in the elderly.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.org, NCT03392285. Retrospectively registered on 5 February 2018.
What happens after James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnerships? A qualitative study of contexts, processes and impacts
Authors: Staley Kristina , Crowe Sally , Crocker Joanna C. , Madden Mary , Greenhalgh Trisha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The James Lind Alliance (JLA) supports priority setting partnerships (PSPs) in which patients, carers and health professionals collaborate to identify a Top 10 list of research priorities. Few studies have examined how partnerships plan for the post-prioritisation phase, or how context and post-PSP processes influence the fortunes of priorities. This evaluation aimed to explore these questions.

Methods
We selected a diverse sample of 20 interviewees who had knowledge of 25 PSPs. Thirteen interviewees had led a PSP, either from a university, patient organisation or charity. Three were patients who had taken part in a PSP workshop. Four others, three researchers and one funder, had worked with JLA PSP priorities to develop research proposals. We analysed the data thematically, exploring how success was understood and achieved.

Results
The JLA PSPs had different histories, funding sources, goals and stakeholders. Whilst their focus was on generating priority research topics, PSPs’ wider impacts included enhanced status and greater confidence for individuals, as well as relationship-building and network strengthening for the organisations involved. To follow through on a Top 10, additional work was needed to refine broad priority topics into research questions and match them with appropriate funding sources. Commitment to post-PSP action from partners appeared to increase the chance that priority topics would be followed through to funded studies. Academic publications could alert researchers to a PSP’s outputs, but not all PSPs had the capacity to produce them. A Top 10 list potentially influences funding decisions through direct funding, themed calls or as a prompt in open calls. Influence on funders appears to depend on alignment between a priority and the funder’s remit, culture and values.

Conclusion
The history and context of a JLA PSP have a major influence on its impact. Our findings suggest that there is no universal formula for success, but that greater resource and attention should be given to what happens after prioritisation. Further research is needed on what works best in what circumstances. Overall, we conclude that a wider cultural change in the research world is needed for JLA PSPs to achieve their goal of shaping the research agenda.
Hermitian and non-Hermitian shortcuts to adiabaticity for fast creation of maximum coherence and beam splitting
Authors: Tang Kai , Hu Zhengfeng , Chen Xi , Liu Chengpu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe theoretically exploit the shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) technique in Hermitian and non-Hermitian quantum systems to realize the maximum coherence and beam splitting by eliminating the nonadiabatic coupling. Compared with the conventional adiabatic passage (AP) technique with the Gaussian and Allen-Eberly schemes, the operation time can be significantly shortened by three order using STA technique. This STA-based fast creation of maximum coherence or beam splitting are in use ranging from quantum sensing and metrology in a noisy environment to optical gain/loss coupled waveguides in an analogous fashion.
Benefits of cassiterite mining by artisanal miners in Jos Plateau, Nigeria
Authors: Ebikemefa Clinton Ebimobowei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Artisanal mining of cassiterite is one tedious activity that is done daily. It involves daily extraction of economic mineral deposits through the use of primitive tools like shovel, digger, and spade. The continuous extractive act by these artisanal miners tends not to bother the Government of Nigeria and as such, there is no detailed record that collates the quantity of cassiterite mined and processed per day. For instance, tin, tantalite, columbite, zircon, ilmenite, and wolframite are buried in the bowels of Plateau, Nasarawa, Kaduna State, etc. This research aims at discussing the importance of cassiterite mining in Plateau and its benefit to Nigeria’s economy

Results
The obtained results from an interactive session with artisanal miners at Bisichi (Kara II) and Kuru-Jentar as well as sampling active and inactive mine pits at the visited mine site prove that a maximum number of 4 bags of cassiterite is mined per day from each lotto pit which is equivalent to ₦660,000 (using the 2018 price of ₦165,000 per processed 50 kg of tin). Samples of cassiterite gotten from the study area show a high percentage of tin (Sn) after X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was conducted on it. Also, the visited mine pit is 3 ft in diameter, the shaft is 30 ft and an adit of 25 ft. Conclusively, the Nigerian Government stands the chance of having financial stability if she seizes the opportunity by ensuring that the mining sector is improved and, also, by forming cooperatives that would be involved in collating the various products made. Taxes paid to these cooperatives will serve as another source of Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) for the nation. Financial grant can be disbursed through these cooperatives to encourage the use of mechanized mining, but if nothing is done, the economy of Nigeria will continue to dwindle leading to a financial crisis.
Distinct Phenotypes of Islet Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cells Among the 3 Subtypes of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Chujo Daisuke , Kawabe Akitsu , Matsushita Maya , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Tsutsumi Chiharu , Haseda Fumitaka , Imagawa Akihisa , Hanafusa Toshiaki , Ueki Kohjiro , Kajio Hiroshi , Yagi Kunimasa , Tobe Kazuyuki , Shimoda Masayuki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContextType 1 diabetes (T1D) is classified into 3 subtypes: acute-onset (AT1D), slowly progressive (SP1D), and fulminant (FT1D). The differences in the type of cellular autoimmunity within each subtype remain largely undetermined.ObjectiveTo determine the type and frequency of islet antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in each subtype of T1D.ParticipantsTwenty patients with AT1D, 17 with SP1D, 18 with FT1D, and 17 persons without diabetes (ND).MethodsWe performed an integrated assay to determine cellular immune responses and T-cell repertoires specific for islet antigens. This assay included an ex vivo assay involving a 48-hour stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with antigen peptides and an expansion assay involving intracytoplasmic cytokine analysis.ResultsThe results of the ex vivo assay indicated that glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-specific interleukin-6 and interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) responses and preproinsulin (PPI)-specific IP-10 responses were significantly upregulated in AT1D compared with those of ND. Furthermore, GAD65- and PPI-specific granulocyte colony-stimulating factor responses were significantly upregulated in FT1D. Expansion assay revealed that GAD65- and PPI-specific CD4+ T cells were skewed toward a type 1 helper T (Th1)- cell phenotype in AT1D, whereas GAD65-specific Th2 cells were prevalent in SP1D. GAD65-specific Th1 cells were more abundant in SP1D with human leukocyte antigen-DR9 than in SP1D without DR9. FT1D displayed significantly less type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells specific for all 4 antigens than ND.ConclusionsThe phenotypes of islet antigen-specific CD4+ T cells differed among the three T1D subtypes. These distinct T-cell phenotypes may be associated with the manner of progressive β-cell destruction.
PENGUKURAN DAN KUALITAS PERANGKAT LUNAK WEBSITE “LINKEDIN” MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUNCTION POINT ANALYSIS
Authors: Rizka Cataryana Lenny Dwi , Dewi Fitri Shinta , Wicaksono Soetam Rizky 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan agar mengetahui ukuran kemajuan teknologi website LinkedIn yang merupakan salah satu jejaring sosial untuk kepentingan korporasi. LinkedIn merupakan tempat bagi sarjana untuk menemukan pekerjaan terbaik sesuai pendidikan yang telah ditekuni. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori dari Allan Albrecht yang tetap dikembangkan oleh International Function Point User Goup (IFPUG) dan akan menggunakan metode pengukuran terkenal yaitu Function Point Analysis (FPA) sebagai cara untuk menghitung serta memperkirakan hasil pengukuran dari website LinkedIn. Pengukuran ini dilakukan sebagai bentuk partisipasi pengembangan pada website LinkedIn yang merupakan sebuah website besar dan sangat banyak diminati oleh pengguna internet. Di hasil akhir penelitian diharapkan dapat mengetahui angka kemudahan akses pemakaian website LinkedIn terhadap pengguna dengan menggunakan rumus Crude Function Points (CFP), mengetahui bagaimana dan seberapa besar kompleksitas dari website LinkedIn dengan menggunakan rumus Relative Complexity Adjustment Factor (RCAF), yang kemudian hasil dari perhitungan rumus CFP dan RCAF akan langsung diimplementasikan pada rumus pengukuran FPA.
APLIKASI PREDIKSI KELAYAKAN CALON ANGGOTA KREDIT PADA KSPPS BMT ARTA JIWA MANDIRI WONOGIRI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR
Authors: Kurniawan Yogiek Indra , Angguntina Farida 
Published: July 2020

An economy that tends to be unstable causes many people to make loans at banks and cooperatives to meet their increasing daily needs. But there are some people who cannot return the loan in a timely manner. These problems can be created or developed by an application that is used to predict whether the people who apply for loans can return loans smoothly, smoothly and stall. Use of attributes such as gender, age, type of work, number of loans, term of return, collateral and income and use the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm to make predictions. From the research results obtained in the form of accuracy value of 80%, recall of 91% and preciison of 85%. Thus this application can be used to help the pinjman savings cooperative in considering prospective savings and loan credit members who deserve a capital loan. Keywords: data mining, K Nearest Neighbor, cooperatives, savings and loans.