bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) for Ensemble-Based Analysis and Prediction of Severe Thunderstorms
Authors: Zhang Yunji , Stensrud David J. , Clothiaux Eugene E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated advances in the analysis and prediction of severe thunderstorms and other weather hazards by assimilating infrared (IR) all-sky radiances into numerical weather prediction models using advanced ensemble-based techniques. It remains an open question how many of these advances are due to improvements in the radiance observations themselves, especially when compared with radiance observations from preceding satellite imagers. This study investigates the improvements gained by assimilation of IR all-sky radiances from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on board GOES-16 compared to those from its predecessor imager. Results show that all aspects of the improvements in ABI compared with its predecessor imager—finer spatial resolution, shorter scanning intervals, and more channels covering a wider range of the spectrum—contribute to more accurate ensemble analyses and forecasts of the targeted severe thunderstorm event, but in different ways. The clear-sky regions within the assimilated all-sky radiance fields have a particularly beneficial influence on the moisture fields. Results also show that assimilating different IR channels can lead to oppositely signed increments in the moisture fields, a by-product of inaccurate covariances at large distances resulting from sampling errors. These findings pose both challenges and opportunities in identifying appropriate vertical localizations and IR channel combinations to produce the best possible analyses in support of severe weather forecasting.
Prediction of Shoulder Pain in Youth Competitive Swimmers: The Development and Internal Validation of a Prognostic Prediction Model
Authors: Feijen Stef , Struyf Thomas , Kuppens Kevin , Tate Angela , Struyf Filip 
Published: November 2020

Background: Knowledge of predictors for shoulder pain in swimmers can assist professionals working with the athlete in developing optimal prevention strategies. However, study methodology and limited available data have constrained a comprehensive understanding of which factors cause shoulder pain. Purpose: To investigate risk factors and develop and internally validate a multivariable prognostic model for the prediction of shoulder pain in swimmers. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 201 pain-free club- to international-level competitive swimmers were followed for 2 consecutive seasons. The cohort consisted of 96 male (mean ± SD age, 13.9 ± 2.2 years) and 105 female (13.9 ± 2.2 years) swimmers. Demographic, sport-specific, and musculoskeletal characteristics were assessed every 6 months. Swim-training exposure was observed prospectively. Shoulder pain interfering with training was the primary outcome. Multiple imputation was used to cope with missing data. The final model was estimated using multivariable logistic regression. We applied bootstrapping to internally validate the model and correct for overoptimism. Results: A total of 42 new cases of shoulder pain were recorded during the study. Average duration of follow-up was 1.1 years. Predictors included in the final model were acute:chronic workload ratio (odds ratio [OR], 4.31; 95% CI, 1.00-18.54), competitive level (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.06-0.63), shoulder flexion range of motion, posterior shoulder muscle endurance (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92-0.99), and hand entry position error (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.91). After internal validation, this model maintained good calibration and discriminative power (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.60-0.94). Conclusion: Our model consists of parameters that are readily measurable in a swimming setting, allowing the identification of swimmers at risk for shoulder pain. Multivariable logistic regression showed the strongest predictors for shoulder pain were regional competitive swimming level, acute:chronic workload ratio, posterior shoulder muscle endurance, and hand entry error.
Multi-pronged approach to enhance education of children and adolescents with lupus, caregivers, and healthcare providers in New Jersey: Needs assessment, evaluation, and development of educational materials
Authors: Hovde Aldina M , McFarland Cheryl AS , Garcia G Melissa , Gallagher Fran , Gewanter Harry , Klein-Gitelman Marisa , Moorthy L Nandini 
Published: November 2020

Background Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) patients are younger at diagnosis and have a more severe disease course compared to adult onset SLE patients and develop significant complications related to disease and or immunosuppression. Moreover, female and minority populations experience higher rates of cSLE, with African American, Afro-Caribbean, and Hispanic populations being at greatest risk and having poor prognosis Methods The Pediatric Alliance for Lupus initiative addressed the dearth in education and resources in a multi-stage process. First, we conducted a need assessment identifying knowledge gaps among healthcare providers (HCPs), and resources needed to care for cSLE patients and their families. Second, we educated HCPs about the diagnosis and treatment of cSLE by Continuing Medical Education (CME) sessions/webinars (presented here). Third, HCPs participated in a Quality Improvement (QI) program on cSLE approved by the American Board of Pediatrics Maintenance of Certification Part 4. Finally, patients and caregivers were educated through the development of appropriate, culturally and linguistically sensitive cSLE resources. PAL disseminated materials among HCPs and the community to improve the awareness of the availability of these materials. Results According to results from the statewide needs assessment (representative of every county throughout NJ), HCPs face significant challenges in providing care to cSLE patients and their families, in part due to the multi-systemic nature of the autoimmune disease. Conclusion Based on this need, we developed educational sessions, with pre-post comparison data showing a significant increase in knowledge after HCP education. The 15 different materials developed as part of the endeavor is a major contribution to the cSLE community, HCPs and pediatric rheumatologists. Resources are available in multiple formats (PDF and web pages), and are accessible on the National Resource Center on Lupus, the latest web site of the Lupus Foundation of American that houses materials for SLE patients, their families, schools, HCPs, and the community at large. Improving cSLE knowledge will empower the children and adolescents and families by increasing their self-efficacy; and positively impact key health outcomes (transition readiness and HRQOL) that are not optimally addressed with current medical treatment alone.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and risk of sexual dysfunction: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jin Zhao , Yang Cong , Xiao Chu , Wang Zizhen , Zhang Suxin , Ren Jie 
Published: November 2020

Objective To systematically review and summarize the available literature regarding the association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and sexual dysfunction (SD) in both sexes. Methods We retrieved relevant studies from the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently reviewed the studies in our sample, assessed their validity, and extracted relevant data. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to distinguish sources of heterogeneity. Results Our search resulted in a sample of eight eligible studies, which involved 758 patients in the SLE group and 1724 individuals in the control group. The pooled RR for the increased risk for SD compared to those in the control group was 1.80 (95%CI 1.12-2.87). Subgroup analysis by sex revealed that males (pooled RR = 2.98, 95%CI 2.41-3.68) had a higher risk of SD compared to females (pooled RR = 1.56, 95%CI 0.99-2.48). Females with SLE had significantly lower values in FSFI compared to the healthy individuals (WMD=-0.224, 95%CI -0.441 to -0.078). Age of participants and the quality of studies might influence the results. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that SLE is significantly associated with an increased risk of sexual dysfunction. It is of great urgency to implement for active interventions that aimed to treat or prevent SD among SLE patients.
Admissions to the Western Australian state forensic hospital from court on hospital orders over a 10-year period from 2007 to 2016
Authors: Tate Liz 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To investigate trends in admissions to the state forensic hospital (Western Australia (WA)) from court on hospital orders from 2007 to 2016. Method: A retrospective survey was undertaken. Demographic, clinical and legal data were obtained from hospital records. Hospital orders referred on less serious charges or without a primary diagnosis of major mental illness were identified as ‘non-forensic’. Results: There were 890 hospital orders representing 40% of total admissions. Eighty-one per cent were male and 50% had a diagnosis of schizophrenia; 22% were Indigenous; 421 (47%) were admitted on less serious (non-Schedule 1) charges; 199 (22%) did not have a primary diagnosis of a major mental illness recorded on the discharge summary; 82 (9%) had neither major mental illness nor serious charges. Overall, 539 hospital orders (60%) were identified as non-forensic; 243 (45%) of these were made with no input from the Court Liaison Service (CLS). Conclusions: Hospital orders make up a significant proportion of admissions to the forensic unit in WA. Many do not require secure forensic care. Developing alternative diversion pathways is essential.
Cold weather is independently associated with hypothermia in severely injured trauma patients
Authors: Murphy Colin , Silva Noah , Fontaine Magali J , Jackson Bryon 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Hypothermia at admission in trauma patients has been significantly associated with worse outcomes and increased blood usage. Previous studies have found variably significant associations between ambient temperatures and incidence of hypothermia in trauma patients. Methods The trauma quality improvement registry was queried for data on trauma patients admitted direct from the scene over a 5-year period. This database was matched to daily weather data taken from the nearest National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration land-based climate monitoring center, and further combined with blood usage data from the laboratory information system. Results Multivariate logistic regression models predicted significant associations between ambient temperature and patient admission temperature for severely injured patients. No significant direct associations were predicted between ambient temperature and in-hospital mortality or blood usage. Models predicted a significant association between decreased admission temperature and increased likelihood of both blood transfusion and mortality for a severely injured subgroup. Conclusions Ambient temperature is a significant contributor to the rate of admission hypothermia in trauma patients. Most of the variability in admission temperatures for severely injured trauma patients remains unaccounted for by models using standard markers of anatomic and physiologic severity. Decreasing admission temperature is significantly associated with increased mortality and likelihood of blood transfusion for severely injured patients.
Parenchymatous hematoma in patients with atraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: Characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Gerner Stefan T , Hülsbrink Robert , Reichl Jonathan , Mrochen Anne , Eyüpoglu Ilker Y , Brandner Sebastian , Dörfler Arnd , Engelhorn Tobias , Kuramatsu Joji B , Schwab Stefan , Huttner Hagen B 
Published: November 2020

Background Data regarding the influence of concomitant parenchymatous hematoma (PH) on long-term outcomes in patients with atraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are scarce. Further, it is not established if these patients benefit from surgical intervention. Aim The aim of this study was to determine the influence of concomitant PH in SAH patients on functional long-term outcome, and whether these patients may benefit from surgical hematoma evacuation. Methods Over a 5-year period, all consecutive patients with SAH treated at the Departments of Neurology, Neuroradiology, and Neurosurgery, at the University Hospital Erlangen (Germany) were recorded. In addition to the clinical and imaging characteristics of SAH, we documented the presence, location, and volume of PH as well as treatment parameters. Outcome assessment at 12 months included functional outcome (modified Rankin scale (mRS), favorable = 0–2), health-related quality of life, and long-term complications. For outcome analysis, a propensity score matching (ratio 1:1, caliper 0.1) was performed to compare SAH patients with and without PH. Sub-analyses were performed regarding PH treatment (surgical evacuation vs. conservative). Results A total of 494 patients with atraumatic SAH were available. Eighty-five (17.2%) had PH on initial imaging. SAH patients with PH had a worse clinical condition on admission and had a greater extent of subarachnoid/intraventricular hemorrhage. Median PH volume was 11.0 ml (5.4–31.8) with largest volumes observed in patients with ruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA)-aneurysm (31.7 ml (16.3–43.2)). After propensity-score matching (PSM), patients with PH had worse functional outcomes at 12 months (modified Rankin scale (mRS) 0–2: PH 31.8% vs. ØPH57.7% p < 0.001), and a lower rate of self-reported health compared to patients without PH (EQ-5D VAS: PH 50(30–70) vs. ØPH 80(65–95); p < 0.001). In PH patients, surgical evacuation was associated with a higher rate of favorable outcome at 12 months compared to those treated conservatively (surgery 14/28 (50.0%) vs. conservative 14/57 (24.6%); adjusted odds-ratio (OR; 95%CI): 1.34 (1.08–1.66); p = 0.001), irrespective of aneurysm location. Subgroup-analysis revealed positive associations of surgical hematoma evacuation with outcome in subgroups with larger PH volumes (>10 ml; OR (95%CI): 1.39 (1.09–1.79)), frontal PH location (OR 1.59 (1.14–2.23)), and early surgery (within 600 min after onset; OR 1.42 (1.03–1.94)). Conclusions Concomitant PH occurs frequently in patients with SAH and is associated with functional impairment after 1 year. Surgical evacuation of PH may improve outcomes in these patients, irrespective of aneurysm-location.
Patient-Reported Outcomes, Return-to-Sport Status, and Reinjury Rates After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes: Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Fones Lilah , Kostyun Regina O. , Cohen Andrew D. , Pace J. Lee 
Published: November 2020

Background: Significant variation exists in the published rates of return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Functional outcomes and psychological response to injury have been implicated as factors that influence return to sport. Most studies focus on patients aged in the mid-20s, and less is known about this topic in adolescents. Purpose: To report midterm ACLR results for adolescent patients with regard to return to primary sport, patient-reported outcomes, and reinjury rate. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Adolescent athletes were contacted at a minimum of 2 years after ACLR. Patients completed 2 patient-reported outcome measures, the ACL--Return to Sport After Injury (ACL-RSI) and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective form, and responded to questions regarding preinjury primary sport and level of competition, post-ACLR return to primary sport status, and reinjury. Results: A total of 74 patients (mean ± SD surgical age, 15.9 ± 1.5 years; follow-up age, 19.9 ± 2.0 years; response rate, 24.5%) completed the surveys at a mean of 4.0 ± 2.0 years after primary ACLR. Outcome scores averaged 90.3 ± 12.3 for IKDC and 81.6 ± 20.4 for ACL-RSI. Questionnaire responses indicated that 27.0% of patients did not return to or sustain primary sport participation after ACLR; the principal reasons were poor knee function, team/training change, and fear of another injury. Both IKDC and ACL-RSI scores were statistically lower in patients who did not successfully return to their primary sport in contrast to patients who successfully resumed their primary sport (IKDC, P = .026; ACL-RSI, P < .001). IKDC and ACL-RSI scores were moderately positively correlated with one another ( r Spearman = 0.60). There were 18 patients (reinjury rate, 24.3%) who suffered another ACL injury; 8 of these injuries included ipsilateral ACL graft tear (retear rate, 10.8%). Conclusion: In our cohort, 73% of adolescent patients successfully returned to their primary preinjury sport at a minimum of 2 years after ACLR. Both knee function and psychological responses to injury were important in determining an adolescent athlete’s return to sport. The findings support the use of the IKDC and ACL-RSI at midterm follow-up, with higher scores associated with a greater likelihood of adolescent patients returning to sport after ACLR.
Can stone composition be predicted by plain X-ray and/or non-contrast CT? A study validated by X-ray diffraction analysis
Authors: Gadelmoula Mohamed , Moeen Ahmed M. , Elderwy Ahmed , Abdel-Kader Mohamed S. , Elqady Ayman , Aboul-Ella Hassan A. , Osman Essam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The stone composition has a great influence on the outcome of its treatment. There are several tests to predict the composition of stones preoperatively and stone analysis postoperatively. Herein, we want to evaluate if the stone composition could be predicted from plain X-ray KUB (PKUB) and/or non-contrast CT (NCCT) validated by in vitro X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD).

Methods
Between April 2014 and March 2016, 100 cases with urinary tract stones were included in the study. The radio-opacity of the stones in PKUB, stone density by NCCT, and after stone extraction, XRD were performed. Statistical analysis for the results was performed using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H for the nonparametric variables. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the best cutoff value.

Results
This study included 74 males and 26 females with a median age of 32 years (range 2–70). Regarding the radio-opacity by PKUB, there were 30 stones dense opaque, 44 opaque, 21 faint opaque, and 5 radiolucent. XRD revealed 97 mixed and 3 pure stones. The calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stone composition could be predicted in dense opaque stone by PKUB in 75.9% and urate composition in the radiolucent stone by 40%. The cutoff value of HU density by NCCT to the dense opaque stones in the PKUB was > 1020 and for radiolucent stones was < 590.

Conclusion
Stone radio-opacity by PKUB and its attenuation value by NCCT could successfully predict its calcium oxalate monohydrate, struvite, and urate composition. However, the chemical stone analysis is still required as most stones are mixed.
Contrasting genetic variation and positive selection followed the divergence of NBS-encoding genes in Asian and European pears
Authors: Sun Manyi , Zhang Mingyue , Singh Jugpreet , Song Bobo , Tang Zikai , Liu Yueyuan , Wang Runze , Qin Mengfan , Li Jiaming , Khan Awais , Wu Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe NBS disease-related gene family coordinates the inherent immune system in plants in response to pathogen infections. Previous studies have identified NBS-encoding genes inPyrus bretschneideri(‘Dangshansuli’, an Asian pear) andPyrus communis(‘Bartlett’, a European pear) genomes, but the patterns of genetic variation and selection pressure on these genes during pear domestication have remained unsolved.ResultsIn this study, 338 and 412 NBS-encoding genes were identified from Asian and European pear genomes. This difference between the two pear species was the result of proximal duplications. About 15.79% orthologous gene pairs had Ka/Ks ratio more than one, indicating two pear species undergo strong positive selection after the divergence of Asian and European pear. We identified 21 and 15 NBS-encoding genes under fire blight and black spot disease-related QTL, respectively, suggesting their importance in disease resistance. Domestication caused decreased nucleotide diversity across NBS genes in Asian cultivars (cultivated 6.23E-03; wild 6.47E-03), but opposite trend (cultivated 6.48E-03; wild 5.91E-03) appeared in European pears. Many NBS-encoding coding regions showed Ka/Ks ratio of greater than 1, indicating the role of positive selection in shaping diversity of NBS-encoding genes in pear. Furthermore, we detected 295 and 122 significantly different SNPs between wild and domesticated accessions in Asian and European pear populations. Two NBS genes (Pbr025269.1andPbr019876.1) with significantly different SNPs showed >5x upregulation between wild and cultivated pear accessions, and > 2x upregulation inPyrus calleryanaafter inoculation withAlternaria alternata. We propose that positively selected and significantly different SNPs of an NBS-encoding gene (Pbr025269.1) regulate gene expression differences in the wild and cultivated groups, which may affect resistance in pear againstA. alternata.ConclusionProximal duplication mainly led to the different number of NBS-encoding genes inP. bretschneideriandP. communisgenomes. The patterns of genetic diversity and positive selection pressure differed between Asian and European pear populations, most likely due to their independent domestication events. This analysis helps us understand the evolution, diversity, and selection pressure in the NBS-encoding gene family in Asian and European populations, and provides opportunities to study mechanisms of disease resistance in pear.
Influence of microbiota and metabolites on the quality of tobacco during fermentation
Authors: Li Jingjing , Zhao Yuanyuan , Qin Yanqing , Shi Hongzhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
To explore the optimum fermentation conditions for tobacco leaves and also screen the microbiota and metabolites that are beneficial for fermentation.

Methods
Tobacco leaves were fermented at 25 °C, 35 °C, and 45 °C for 2, 4, and 6 weeks, respectively. For identification of the best fermentation temperature, physicochemical properties and sensory quality of fermented tobacco were investigated. Subsequently, based on the appropriate temperature, 16 s rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis of tobacco were performed to monitor the change of microbes and metabolites during fermentation process (from 2 to 6 weeks).

Results
Sensory quality analysis indicated that fermentation at 45 °C for 6 weeks represented the optimum condition. Metabolomics analysis showed that a total of 415 metabolites were annotated. The increase of fermentation period led to significant changes of metabolites. Results revealed an increase in concentration of L-phenylalanine and sphingosine as well as decreased concentration of betaine and phytosphingosine with the prolongation of fermentation period (2 to 6 weeks). Distinct changes in the microbiota were also observed with prolongation of the fermentation time. Results revealed that Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Burkholderia were dominant bacteria in fermentation at 45 °C for 6 weeks. With the extension of the fermentation time, the abundance of Pseudomonas increased, while that of Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium decreased. Furthermore, microbiota profiles were tightly relevant to the altered metabolites, especially compounds involved in the sphingolipid metabolism.

Conclusion
Suitable fermentation conditions were 45 °C for 6 weeks; phytosphingosine and sphingosine might affect tobacco fermentation via the sphingolipid metabolism pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for guiding tobacco fermentation and gives insights into reducing harmful substances during tobacco fermentation.