bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory tests of the VetMAX BVDV Screening RT-PCR test system for detecting the genome of the bovine viral diarrhea virus by ThermoFisher
Authors: Preobrazhenskaya A. S. , Devrishova Z. S. , Lobova T. P. , Mikhailova V. V. , Varentsova A. A. , Amineva E. M. , Gilev V. A. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Currently, BVD is widespread in almost all countries of the world with intensive livestock farming. The special relevance of the problem lies in the large economic damage that consists of a decrease in milk yield during the disease, the death of young animals from serous pneumonia, the loss of live weight gain in young animals, the loss of productivity and reproduction of animals and, as a result, abortions and stillbirths, the birth of non-viable calves, as well as preventive, quarantine and liquidation measures. An important link in preventing the spread of viral diarrhea in cattle remains the rapid conduct of laboratory research. One of the most technologically advanced diagnostic methods is real-time polymerase chain reaction.Methods. The diagnostic significance of the VetMAX BVDV Screening (Thermo Fisher) RT-PCR test system was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, and precision in conditions of repeatability and reproducibility. To determine repeatability, 5 samples of PT-80 cell culture infected with the reference strain "Oregon 24" and 7 samples of PT-80 cell culture infected with Ressa isolate were studied in tenfold dilutions from 10-1 to 10-7, by one operator in three parallel studies on the same equipment. To determine reproducibility and sensitivity, 5 samples of PT-80 cell culture infected with the reference strain "Oregon 24" and 7 samples of PT-80 cell culture infected with «Ressa» isolate were studied in ten-fold dilutions from 10-1 to 10-7 , by three operators on different days on the same equipment.To determine the specificity, studies were conducted on 3 samples that did not contain the virus of viral diarrhea — bovine adenovirus type 1 strain Bovina — 10, rhinotracheitis virus of cattle strain "Orenburg" and parainfluenza virus 3 strain ZKSM.Results. After mathematical processing of the results of PCR formulation for the assessment of reproducibility, the following results were obtained: the coefficient of variation (CV) for the VetMAX BVDV Screening (Thermo Fisher) test system was from 1.0–4.0 %; the Coefficient of variation (CV) for the assessment of repeatability was 1–3 %. The specificity of the test systems VetMAX BVDV Screening (Thermo Fisher) was 100%. The VetMAX BVDV Screening (Thermo Fisher) test system is sensitive to detecting the genome of the bovine viral diarrhea virus. So when setting up PCR samples of the Ressa isolate in the 10-7 dilution, the CT values were determined at 38.18–39.24 cycles, and the reference VD virus "Oregon 24" in the 10–5 dilution at 37.85–39.45 amplification cycles.
Effect of hornless on the productivity of Etti Merino sheep
Authors: Zhumadillaev N. K. , Yuldashbaev Y. A. , Karynbaev A. K. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Merino sheep have horns, their uterus is hornless. In recent years, for practical reasons, many countries are breeding for hornless.Methods. The article gives the results based on many years of observations and analysis on the phenomenon of hornless in the new meat breed “Etti Merino” created in southeastern Kazakhstan, the connection of hornless with productivity and the positive effect of selection on hornlessness on the breed.Results. The use of hornless sheep-producers gave a positive result, live weight increased, slaughter indicators, and wool productivity improved.
Slaughter and meat productivity of young pigs of domestic, Canadian and French breeds
Authors: Funikov G. A. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. During 2010–2017 in conditions of large pig-breeding complexes of Open Joint Stock Company Smolmyaso – Smolensk Region, limited liability company “Stupinsky Meat Processing Plant” and agricultural production cooperative Mashkino – Moscow Region a research and production experiment was conducted to determine the intravital productivity and slaughter indicators of young pigs of Russian, Canadian and French breeding. Experimental youngsters from 2 month age to a live weight of 100 kg were contained under conditions of control growing. The conditions of keeping, feeding and slaughter of young pigs were identical.Results. When pigs reached a live weight of 95–105 kg they were evaluated on their own productivity and slaughter indicators.
The effect of arid growing conditions on water deficit and chlorophyll content of the winter wheat varieties with various productivity
Authors: Likhovidova V. A. , Ionova E. V. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. The current paper has presented the study results of the effect of arid growing conditions on water deficit and foliage pigment (chlorophyll) of winter wheat varieties with various productivity.Methods. The study was conducted in 2017–2019. The objects of study were the winter durum wheat varieties ‘Eyrena’, ‘Yubilyarka’, ‘Yakhont’, ‘Yantarina’, ‘Oniks’, ‘Lazurit’ developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. There have been used such methods in the current study as the testing of varieties on drought tolerance in conditions of simulated drought (“zasushnik”) proposed by V.V. Maimistov (1988); the method of identification of chlorophyll content in winter wheat leaves proposed by I.G. Shmatko (1976); the method of identification of residual water deficit proposed by L.S. Litvinov (1988).Results. According to the study results there have been identified the most stable, productive winter wheat varieties ‘Yantarina’ and ‘Lazurit’, which possess mechanisms of adaptation to the water stress conditions. The varieties ‘Yantarina’ and ‘Lazurit’ also possess large productivity and chlorophyll content, as well as the smallest rise of residual water deficit in the increasing aridity with 169.7 and 159.5 g/m2, 1.4 and 1.9 mg/100 g of raw weight, 24.6 and 25.7%, respectively.
The impact of mineral and organic fertilizers on the ecosystem, the quality of agricultural products and human health
Authors: Buzetti K. D. , Ivanov M. V. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Processing of poultry farm waste makes it possible to obtain highly effective organic fertilizers that can replace mineral fertilizers, while significantly improving the environmental indicators of the region, the composition of the soil, crop fertility, and the quality of agricultural products.Materials and results. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using mineral and organic fertilizers. The negative impact of nitrogen, potash and phosphorus fertilizers on soil, hydrosphere and atmosphere pollution by various harmful elements is given. Their negative impact on agricultural products and public health is analyzed. At the same time, it is shown that the use of organic fertilizers improves the composition and properties of soils, increases crop yields, while growing environmentally friendly crops, which ensures food security of the country, improves people's health and increases their life expectancy. The use of organic fertilizers improves the composition and properties of soils, significantly increases the yield of agricultural crops, while growing environmentally friendly crops, which ensures food security of the country, improves people's health and increases their life expectancy. Organic fertilizers obtained from poultry farm waste significantly reduce the amount of emissions into the environment, increase environmental safety, and improve the quality of life of people living in the region.
Possibilities of automatic assessment of the vitreous nature of wheat and linear characteristics of grain (seeds) by digital image analysis
Authors: Rutkovskaya T. S. , Antonov R. Yu. , Petrov G. P. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. The article considers the possibility of using the analysis of digital images for a comprehensive assessment of the physical characteristics of grain: vitreous and linear dimensions.Results. A comparative characteristic of instrumental and organoleptic methods for determining these indicators by the following criteria is given: stability of results, speed of measurements and data processing. An algorithm has been developed that combines the ability to programmatically determine glassiness and linear dimensions of wheat grains based on their digital images. A relationship was found between an increase in the vitreous nature of the sample and an increase in the stability of the results.
The influence of biological products on the composition of the sewage sludge of milk processing enterprises
Authors: Kovaleva O. V. , Kostomakhin N. M. , Lebedko Ye. Ya. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. The article addresses the issue of cleaning and disposal of an ever-increasing amount of waste from the milk processing industry. As a result of evaporation, air pollution occurs, and as a result of filtration into the soil — pollution of groundwater and nearby water bodies. Harmful gases emitted by sewage sludge exceed the maximum permissible concentrations, their smell is 4 — 5 points on the scale of organoleptic indicators. Gas generation is not controlled. They constantly enter the atmosphere. The most dangerous of them are sulfur and greenhouse (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide) gases. The composition of wastewater sludge is significantly affected by the quality of effluents discharged by the enterprise, which, as a rule, consist of: industrial, domestic and water from heat exchange and cooling systems.Results. According to the analysis, the moisture content of bottom sediments was — 29.3–36.4%, inert substances became the main macrocomponents of sediments. They are also part of the mineral part of the soil. Based on the data of a model experiment, it was revealed that the second prototype showed the best results. So, in comparison with the control group in the second prototype, the content of organic matter decreased by 2.14%, while the reaction of the medium became more acidic, the difference was 1.3. There was also a decrease in the concentration of mobile forms of elements: phosphorus by 76.4 and potassium by 4.5 mg / kg, which in percentage terms was 26.6% and 0.6%, respectively. And the content of calcium and magnesium in sludge deposits increased by 14.2% and 10.5%, respectively.
Influence of the ZIGBIR hepatoprotector on the digestibility of nutrients of diets of cows of the second half of lactation
Authors: Petrova G. V. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. The article assesses the effectiveness of the use of herbal feed additives "Zigbir" (which is positioned as a plant hepatoprotector) on the cows diets in the second half of lactation, how it influence on the digestibility of dietary nutrients, on hfhematological composition of blood serum, on productivity and quality of milk.Results. As a result of research experiment, it was found that the introduction of herbal feed additives into the diet had a positive effect on the digestibility coefficients. So, the concentration of total protein at the end of the period, in the experimental group increased by 5.34 g/l and came into compliance with the physiological norm, the digestibility of organic matter, of crude fat and of nitrogen-free extractives in the experimental group increased by 2.2%, 1.6% and 1.0%, respectively. Although the decrease in the digestibility coefficient of crude fiber by the end of the period occurred in both groups, however, the dynamics of its value in the experimental group was on 3.5% less than the value in the control. The use of the feed additives "Zigbir" in the diet made it possible to bring the indicator of urea concentration closer to the physiological norm, the blood glucose increased by 46.4% and came into line with the norm. The dynamic change of bilirubin in the test groups blood was not as significant as in the control group, the total bilirubin decreased by only 15%, against 36% in animals in the control group. The decrease in milk yield due to the attenuation of lactation in the test group was slower relative to the control group and was lower by 0,6l, the mass of fat share and of protein in the cows milk from the test group was higher by 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively.
Practical rationale for an empirical approach to the treatment of articular pathology in broiler chickens
Authors: Dorofeeva S. G. , Khoshafyan L. S. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. The work is devoted to the results of bacteriological studies in articular pathology in broiler chickens and conducting production experience to obtain higher production indicators compared with the use of the approved antibacterial treatment regimen at the enterprise.The aim of our research was to develop an empirical treatment regimen for broiler chickens with articular pathology.Methods. Laboratory research was carried out at the State Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Federal State Budgetary Institution, and production experience on broiler chickens from the Cobb-500 cross was performed at one of the broiler enterprises in the Central Region for the cultivation of poultry meat.Results. On the basis of laboratory studies, including monitoring and determining the sensitivity of the isolated bacteria to antibacterial drugs, the proposed empirical treatment scheme, including Colikvinol® and Pulmosol® in case of articular pathology of broiler chickens, allowed to obtain higher production indicators compared to the approved treatment regimen at the enterprise .
Milk productivity of cows of the active part of the Simmental breed population
Authors: Karymsakov T. N. , Baimukanov D. A. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, for January 1, 2020, 77.0 thousand heads of pedigree Simmental cattle were bred in the Republic of Kazakhstan, including 34.7 thousand cows. In recent years, due to some weakening of the primary zootechnical record keeping in pedigree animal husbandry, conflicting information on the productivity of dairy cattle, including in the Simmental breed, has been observed. In this regard, the relevance of research is to study the real situation of the productivity of dairy cattle, in particular in the population of Simmental cattle.Methods. In the work, generally accepted zootechnical methods for processing data of the obtained results were used. The average values of the characteristics, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and the reliability of the difference between the average values were calculated according to existing methods [1, 2], as well as using the Xcel program.Results. Information obtained from the database of the information-analytical system showed that 8.3 thousand animals from the total recorded livestock of Simmental cattle had complete information on milk yield, fat and protein content in milk, which in turn were attributed to the active part of the population of this breed. The average milk yield of this livestock was 4774 kg, with a fat and protein content in milk of 4.01 and 3.30%, respectively. It was established that animals of the second and third lactation had the highest productivity, while the content of fat and protein in milk for all lactations was stably preserved. The most favorable calving for Simmental cows is the autumn season, as their indicators significantly exceeded the value of animals calving in the spring, summer and winter periods of the year.
New promising annual crops for green mass in the Far North
Authors: Pestereva E. S. , Pavlova S. A. , Zhirkova N. N. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. The article presents the results of studies conducted at the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture. Scientific research on the study of promising new forage crops was carried out on site 30 "A" (on the basis of the forage production laboratory of the YANIISKh) on the second floodplain terrace of the river. Lena in 2016–2018. The effect of three sowing dates on the yield of promising annual fodder crops is studied.Results. The results of studies on the growth, development, productivity, nutritional value of promising annual crops are presented. Productivity in three sowing periods during the harvesting period of sunflower reached feed units 1.2– 2.7 t/ha, crude protein — 2.5–5.1 t/ha, corn — feed units 0.7–2.2 t/ha, crude protein — 2.8–6.9 t /ha, oilseed radish feed units 1.1–1.3 t/ha, crude protein 3.3–5.0 t/ha. The optimal sowing and harvesting dates of promising annual fodder crops for the production of high-quality succulent and voluminous feeds are established — 1 term (sowing — I decade of June, harvesting — II decade of August); 2 term (sowing — the 2nd decade of June, harvesting — the 3rd decade of August) in the phase of mass flowering and discarding panicles of the tested feed crops.
Features of biology and seminal productivity of biotypes of initial material of Psathyrostachys juncea (Russian wildrye) in Southern Middle Siberia
Authors: Kadorkina V. F. , Shevtsova M. S. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. In the conditions of southern mid-Siberia, biological features and seed productivity of 26 biotypes of the nursery of the initial material of the Psathyrostachys juncea (Russian wildrye) of 2015 sowing are presented. The work was carried out in accordance with the methodological guidelines on the selection of fodder crops and the methodology of the State Commission for Crop Testing and Statistical Data Processing — using the package of application programs "Snedecor," and B.A. Dospehova (1985), in the Excel program.Results. Phenological observations made it possible to determine the period of passage of the phases of development of samples of the slice collector from sprouts to caking, exit into the tube and shingling. The greatest stability of uniform growth from the period of spring growth to colossal is observed in biotype — K 12. Quick-ripe biotypes K 1, K 4, K 5, K 9, K 12, K 16, K 24 period from the beginning of vegetation to seed ripening is 65–75 days. Biotypes K 1, K 3, K 5, K 12, K 18 are noted by number of productive stems, length of colos, weight of seeds from 1 plant.
Onion shallot (<i>Allium ascalonicum L.</i>) under the conditions of Absheron
Authors: Hasanov S. R. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance and methods. Currently, heterotic hybrids of shallots, which are a crossroads, are grown in large quantities in the republic, as a result of which there is genetic clogging that is harmful to the local gene pool. To stop this process, it is necessary to expand the assortment of shallots, which in different conditions of Azerbaijan gives a high yield of leaves, bulbs and seeds. The studies were conducted in 2016–2019 at the experimental site of the Absheron Experimental Base of the Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS. For onion and seed production, large bulbs were planted on the sunny side of the field on October 20–25 to a depth of 7 cm in loose soil. The size of the plots is 2.5 m2, the repetition was three times. The feeding area was 60×15 cm. 2 bulbs were planted in each nest. Plants were watered, depending on weather conditions, at least four times a month.Results. The most promising food shallots varieties for cultivation and seed growing in Absheron conditions are: Borchalinsky, Krasnodar G-729, Kuban, Shallot-Vansky. Compared to the standard Ismayillinsky local variety, the distinguished varieties had a number of advantages. Varieties Borchalinsky and Krasnodar G-729 were more precocious. Kuban and Shallot — Vansky varieties were distinguished by productivity, the yield of which exceeded the yield of the standard variety by more than three times. Almost the same weight of the bulb of the studied samples was 0.6–1.8 g higher than the weight of one bulb of the standard variety. Studies have shown that the average number of arrows in the standard variety and in the Krasnodar G-729 variety was less than in the Borchalinsky, Kuban, and Shallot — Vansky varieties. But the Krasnodar G-729 variety was distinguished by a large number of flowers in the inflorescence, due to which the seed yield from one plant and from the plot was significantly higher than that of other varieties. Based on a four-year study of the shallot collection, the most valuable samples for Absheron conditions were identified and selected agricultural practices, the use of which will produce highly resistant seeds.
Growing technology of crowned trees of columnar apple cultivars at Russian research institute of fruit crop breeding
Authors: Korneyeva S. A. , Sedov E. N. , Yanchuk T. V. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Selection of columnar apple cultivars and development of adapted elements of their cultivation technology are one of the promising areas of the research work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The result of 36 years of the target selection work was the creation of 5 columnar apple cultivars accepted in the State Register of breeding achievements: ‘Priokskoye’, ‘Poezia’, ‘Vostorg’, ‘Girlianda’ and ‘Orlovskaya Yesenia’. All cultivars are characterized by high precocity, productivity and immunity to scab. The special habit of the columnar shape of the apple tree determines a special type of planting that is characteristic only for it, providing for super-dense placement of trees.Results. Our research experimentally demonstrates the possibility of reducing the total number of plants per hectare while maintaining a high density of fruit wood in the orchard. These technologies will significantly reduce the amount of necessary planting material, therefore, reduce the initial cost of laying a columnar apple orchard. Thus, when growing columnar cultivars in the crown of a 3–4-98 semi- dwarf rootstock with a tree planting density of 3333 trees per hectare, the number of columnar branches corresponds to the plantation with a density of 20,000 columnar trees per 1 ha. The study of this technology showed that the cultivars entered fruiting in the third year after grafting of 2-year-old skeletal trees; the yield of the studied columnar cultivars for the first 10 years of fruiting averaged 81.6 t/ ha. Annual fruiting was observed throughout the entire observation period. Another promising option is to grow columns in the form of crowned plants on a dwarf rootstock 62–396. The crown on average consists of 5 branches, while the total number of columnar branches reaches 12 500 PCs/ha. The proportion of trees that entered fruiting in the third year after grafting depended on the depth of seedling planting. For normal planting, it was 28%, which is twice the same value for deep planting (15 cm below the root neck).