bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Codification of Criminal Law in the First Years of the Soviet Rule: From Continuity to Independence
Authors: Tokareva S. N. 
Published: October 2019

The relevance of the work lies in the study of regulatory legal acts of the Soviet rule, which became the first experience of creating norms of law in the changed socio-political reality, based on new principles, including criminal law.The purpose is to analyze the Guidelines on the criminal law of the RSFSR of December 12, 1919, revealing the features of the content of the document.In the process of research, general scientific methods of the sphere of humanitarian knowledge (e.g. system, structural and functional) were used. Special methods were also applied: technical and legal analysis, specification, interpretation, historical description. Legal experience is analyzed from the standpoint of the relationship of events and phenomena, as well as taking into account their development in a specific historical situation.As early as the end of 1917 the RSFSR People’s Commissariat of Justice headed by the left SR I.Z. Steinberg announced the creation of the Soviet criminal code. The developed document is recognized as an independent normative act, a monument of criminal law, which corresponded to the principle of continuity and was transitional between the legislation of the Russian Empire and the RSFSR.When the leadership of the RSFSR People’s Commissariat of Justice became bolshevik, a working group was created, and as a result, on December 12, 1919, Guidelines on the criminal law of the RSFSR were adopted. The document was the first existing codified act in the field of Soviet criminal law.The guidelines are a small text, the content of which resembles the general part of criminal law. Despite this, it has several fundamental differences from the previous legislation. The main mechanism is repression, and the priority is the interests of workers.The crime is considered as a violation of the order of social relations protected by criminal law. It is defined as an act or omission of an act dangerous for public relations, causing the need for the state authorities to fight against criminals. Despite the fact that the Guidelines identified the stages of the crime, they did not affect the measure of repression, which is determined by the degree of danger of the offender.The task of punishment is to protect public order from the offender and prevention of a crime. Punishments appear in the form of adaptation of the criminal to public order, isolation and, in exceptional cases, physical destruction. However, the punishment should not cause unnecessary and excessivr suffering to the offender. In general, the Guidelines became the basis for the further development of legal doctrine and criminal law, as well as directed the vector of law enforcement activities of new judges.
Bronchial asthma in pre-school children living in urban areas of the Altay Krai: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Shakhova N. V. , Kamaltynova E. M. , Lobanov Yu. F. , Kashinskaya T. S. 
Published: October 2019

The objective of the study was to investigate prevalence, clinical and allergological features, and risk factors of bronchial asthma in pre-school children living in urban areas of Altay Krai. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study involving 3,205 children (age, 3 to 6 years) attending pre-school facilities in 5 cities of the Altay Krai. Asthma symptoms were defined using the ISAAC questionnaire. Asthma was diagnosed by clinicians according to GINA. Results. Prevalence of asthma in urban children aged 3 to 6 years was 5.7%; 62.7% of them were previously diagnosed with asthma. Majority of children (59.4%) had mild asthma. Sensitization was detected in 70.3% of children with asthma, most of them were sensitized to dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (63.3%), birch pollen (46.6%), and cat epithelium (31.1%). Risk factors of asthma were family history of allergy [odds ratio (OR) 3.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–4.6], male gender (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5–2.3), preterm birth (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3–3.3), smoking parents (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.9), (contact with pets during the first year of life (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0). Conclusion. The prevalence of asthma in urban children aged 3 to 6 years living in urban areas of Altay Krai was 5.7%. Most common sensitizers were house dust mites, birch pollen and cat epithelium. The risk factors of pre-school asthma are family history of allergy, male gender, preterm birth, passive smoking and contact with pets during the first year of life.
Development and standardization of new hearing in noise test in Arabic language
Authors: Essawy Wessam Mostafa , Kolkaila Enaas Ahmad , Kabbash Ibrahim Ali , Emara Afaf Ahmad 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hearing in noise test (HINT) sentence test is one of adaptive speech in noise tests. It has been used in many clinical applications such as recording of speech perception threshold using sentences material in quiet and in noise and verifying the benefit from hearing-aid amplification and cochlear implants, especially in noise. The aim of the present study was to design and to develop and standardize an Arabic version of HINT sentences lists and also to apply HINT to subjects with SNHL.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Everyday sentences were used in an adaptive procedure to estimate the sentences speech recognition thresholds (sSRT) in quiet and noise; the material consisted of 28 phonemically balanced lists. This study included 150 normal hearing subjects and also 30 subjects with bilateral mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean sSRT threshold in normal hearing subjects in quiet was 19 dB(A)±0.08 dB. The mean of S/N ratio at threshold in the noise 0° condition was -10.36 S/N ratio ± 0.58. The mean S/N ratio at threshold in the noise 90° condition was -10.45 S/N ratio ±0.41. While, the mean S/N ratio at threshold in the noise 270° condition was -11.69 S/N ratio ±1.70. As regards SNHL group, the mean of sSRT in quiet was 49.46 dB(A)±0.68 dB. The mean of S/N ratio at threshold was -7.69 S/N ratio ±0.68, -8.18±0.33 and -8.18±0.35 in the noise conditions 0°, 90° and 270° respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The statistical reliability and efficiency of the test suit it to practical applications.</p>
Hearing results in modified radical mastoidectomy with type III tympanoplasty
Authors: Lavana Yash D. , Panchal Ajay J. , Hapalia Vaibhav B. , Mandal Manit M. , Shah Shivani D. 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract" style="display: inline !important;"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to hear the results in patients with atticoantral-chronic otitis media who undergone canal wall down mastoidectomy with different types of tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 86 cases of CSOM-AA were included. Patients were divided in 3 groups according to intra-operative ossicular chain status and reconstruction. Group A were patients having intact stapes superstructure and the graft kept over the stapes head covering middle ear and mastoid cavity. Group B patients were with intact superstructure of stapes and graft kept over cartilage graft kept on mobile stapes head. Group C patients were with absent superstructure of stapes with intact, mobile footplate and graft kept over autologous or homologous cartilage kept on footplate of stapes. On 10<sup>th</sup> week and 24<sup>th</sup> week after surgery, PTA was carried out to compare pre and post-operative hearing status. The study was conducted at SMIMER Hospital, Surat (a tertiary health care hospital) fromSeptember 2016 to September 2017. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In 86 patients, average mean preoperative AC threshold was 48.16 (±15.15) dB, mean pre-operative BC was 8.96 (±7.85) dB and mean pre-operative air bone gap was 40.11 (±12.92) dB. The mean post-operative AC threshold was 43.17 (±13.72) dB, mean post-operative BC was 11.34 (±9.44) dB and postoperative air bone gap was 32.06 (±11.62) dB. The mean air bone gap closure was 8.76 (±11.86). This hearing gain was statistically highly significant (p&lt;0.001). Among 86 patients, cartilage was used in total 60 patients. Mean ABG was 8.6 dB, 11.05 dB and 8.43 dB respectively for tragal, conchal and homologous septal cartilage. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hearing improvement can be achieved with appropriate reconstruction in CWD mastoidectomy.</p>
Imagen, memoria y Nación. La historia del Perú en sus imágenes primigenias
Authors: Lituma Agüero Leopoldo 
Published: October 2019

Después de la Independencia, el edificio se volvió indispensable iconográfico debido a la necesidad de educación en la historia del país desde una perspectiva vernácula. Pero los extranjeros fueron los primeros en dedicarse a la investigación y la recopilación de la historia nacional desde sus orígenes. Esos textos, aún sin imágenes, se usaron en la educación peruana emergente del siglo XIX. A principios del siglo XX llegaron los primeros libros de texto ilustrados, que incorporaron imágenes tomadas de publicaciones extranjeras, algunas con una visión de lo que sucedió con la visión europea en estas tierras. Otras publicaciones menos idealizadas ayudaron con sus dibujos e impresiones a la historia visual del país, y cuando se incorporaron a los libros de educación básica, ayudaron a crear una imaginación colectiva.
Este artículo muestra las principales fuentes de iconografía que sirvieron para educar a la población escolar de principios del siglo XX. La investigación también muestra cómo estas imágenes primordiales se tomaron como verdaderas en diferentes situaciones relacionadas con la historia del Perú y cómo éstas han influido en la (in) conciencia nacional; hechos corroborados por otras investigaciones sociológicas.Enviar comentariosHistorialGuardadasComunidad
Stereoacuity in preschool children – could the Randot stereotestbe the screening test to prevent amblyopia?
Authors: Muskalska Anita , Chlasta-Twardzik Edyta , Sędziak-Marcinek Bogumiła , Krok Magdalena , Pojda-Wilczek Dorota 
Published: October 2019

WstępZaburzenia rozwoju widzenia (niedowidzenie) mogą wynikać z zaburzeń refrakcji, wad wzroku, zeza, deformacji
gałki ocznej lub przeszkód w ośrodkach optycznych (np. zaćma). Niedowidzenie u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym
może prowadzić do nieprawidłowości w rozwoju psychoruchowym. Jego wczesne wykrycie daje szansę na leczenie
i prawidłowy rozwój dziecka.Materiał i metodyPierwszą część badania przeprowadzono za pomocą Testu Randota. Druga część badania polegała na ułożeniu przez dzieci jak najwyższej wieży zbudowanej z drewnianych klocków. Przebadano 412 dziewczynek i 398 chłopców w wieku od 3 do 7 lat. W przypadku braku widzenia stereoskopowego dzieci zostały skierowane na badanie okulistyczne. Statystyka przeprowadzona została za pomocą testów dla trendu Cochran-Armitage i Jonckheere-Terpstry przy użyciu oprogramowania MedCalc i SPSS 17.0.WynikiU 18 (2,2%) dzieci stereopsji nie stwierdzono. Najwięcej dzieci osiągnęło głębię widzenia na poziomie 100 sekund kątowych: 76% 3-latków, 46% 4-latków i 60% 5-latków. Wśród starszych dzieci największa grupa osiągnęła poziom stereopsji na poziomie 70 sekund kątowych (43% 6-latków i 53% 7-latków). Wieżę z klocków prawidłowo ustawiły
wszystkie dzieci (100%). Poziom stereopsji zwiększał się z wiekiem istotnie statystycznie. U dzieci bez widzenia
stereoskopowego stwierdzono niedowidzenie jedno- lub obuoczne z powodu wad refrakcji.WnioskiTest Randota okazał się skutecznym narzędziem w wykrywaniu zaburzeń widzenia obuocznego u dzieci przedszkolnych. Autorki sugerują wprowadzenie Testu Randota jako uzupełnienie badania przesiewowego w wykrywaniu niedowidzenia u dzieci przedszkolnych.
Supervisi Klinis Model Proctor dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Perawatan Selama Prosedur Intravena
Authors: Setiawan Herry , Hartiti Tri , Rofi’i Muhamad 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAKKejadian flebitis yang tinggi mencerminkan rendahnya mutu pelayanan keperawatan dalam hal pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi. Flebitis tinggi disebabkan oleh faktor biologis yaitu perawatan selama prosedur intravena. Kualitas perawatan selama prosedur intravena dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan supervisor ruangan dalam melaksanakan supervisi klinis. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi klinis Model Proctor terhadap kualitas perawatan selama prosedur intravena di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasy experimental dengan desain penelitian pre-post test with control group dengan jumlah sampel 68 responden diambil dengan teknik sampel non probability sampling terbagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh supervisi klinis Model Proctor terhadap kualitas perawatan selama prosedur intravena dengan nilai p=< 0,000. Terdapat pengaruh supervisi klinis Model Proctor terhadap kualitas perawatan selama prosedur intravena di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. ABSTRACTHigh phlebitis events reflected low quality of nursing care in terms of infection prevention and control. High phlebitis caused by a biological factor of treatment during an intravenous procedure. The quality of care during intravenous procedures has influenced by the ability of the supervisor to perform clinical supervision. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of clinical supervision Proctor model on the quality of treatment during intravenous procedure at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin. The research method used quasy experimental with pre-post research design with control group with total sample 68 responden taken with sample technique non probability sampling divided into group of intervention and control. The results obtained in this study were the influence of clinical supervision of Proctor Model on the quality of care during intravenous procedure with p = <0.000. There is an influence of the Proctor Model's clinical supervision on the quality of care during the intravenous procedure at Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin.
Agroecosystem Management on Green Mustard Plants in Wetlands during Dry Season
Authors: Ilhamiyah Ilhamiyah , Salamiah Salamiah , Samharinto Samharinto , Halim Hakimah 
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to find a pattern of agroecosystem management that can increase arthropod diversity, production, and Return Cost Ratio (RCR) values in organic wetlands planted during the dry season. This research was set in Randomized Block Design (RAK) with seven treatments and five repetitions, namely: 1) Intercropping between green mustard and basil, with chicken manure and without<em> </em><em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em>; 2) Intercropping between green mustard and basil with water hyacinth compost, and without <em>B. thuringiensis</em>; 3) intercropping between green mustard and leek, given water hyacinth compost, and without application <em>B. thuringiensis</em>; 4)Intercropping between green mustard and leek, given chicken manure, and without application <em>B. thuringiensis</em>; 5) Intercropping between green mustard and leek, given chicken manure, and given <em>B. thuringensis</em> application, doubled of recommended dosage; 6) Intercropping between green mustard and leek with chicken manure, and <em>B. thuringensis</em> application according to recommended dosage; 7) Monoculture of green mustard without organic fertilizer and without the application <em>B. thuringiensis. </em>From this research, it was concluded that the pattern of agroecosystem management of green mustard that can increase arthropod diversity in organic wetlands planted during dry season was the intercropping treatment between green mustard with basil, together with chicken manure and without <em>B. thuringiensis</em>. Meanwhile, the pattern of agroecosystem management of green mustard that can increase the production of green mustard and RCR value on the organic wetlands planted in the dry season was the intercropping treatment between green mustard with leek, together with chicken manure, and without <em>B. thuringiensis</em>.
Improved Understanding of Acid Wormholing in Carbonate Reservoirs through Laboratory Experiments and Field Measurements
Authors: Burton Robert C. , Nozaki Manabu , Zwarich Nola R. , Furui Kenji 
Published: October 2019

SummaryA comprehensive study on wormholing has been conducted to improve the understanding of matrix acidizing in carbonate reservoirs. This work is a continuation of the previous work by Furui et al. (2012a, 2012b). An analysis of additional experimental results, as well as field measurements, is provided to reinforce and extend the wormhole-penetration model and productivity benefits provided by Furui et al. (2012b).A series of small-block tests and one large-block test under geomechanical stresses have been conducted to characterize wormholing in outcrop-chalk samples. In addition, field data including acid-pumping data and post-stimulation pressure-falloff data have been collected and analyzed to evaluate stimulation effectiveness. Pressure-buildup data from stimulated wells have also been analyzed to evaluate the sustainability of the acid-induced skin benefits. Production-logging data have been used to investigate whether created wormhole networks have remained stable or have collapsed under production stresses. To statistically analyze the data more comprehensively, the new data were also compared to field data available in the literature.The following conclusions are drawn from an analysis of the laboratory data and field data: (1) A skin value of −4 is achievable in carbonate reservoirs by matrix acidizing; (2) the negative acid skin is relatively stable under production stresses; (3) the wormhole-penetration model is proved to successfully simulate matrix-acidizing processes in both laboratory-scale and field-scale work; (4) the small- and large-block laboratory tests reconfirmed wormholing efficiency, which was discussed as a scale effect in the previous studies; and (5) an understanding of the possible range of wormhole penetration has allowed us to improve field acid treatments and reduce the risk of connecting to water.This comprehensive study includes acid-linear-coreflooding tests, small-block tests, large-block tests, and field measurements to thoroughly analyze acid wormholing in carbonate rock. The database can be very useful information for understanding, benchmarking, and optimizing future completion/stimulation design.
Psychosocial Syndemic of Suicidal Ideation Among Sexually Transmitted infection Patients in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Suping , Ni Yang , Gong Ruijie , Shi Yuan , Cai Yong , Ma Jin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background We sought to verify whether psychosocial health problems among patients with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were associated with these patients’ suicidal ideation, and to examine the magnifying effect of a syndemic of multiple psychosocial conditions on suicidal ideation. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 519 STI patients at the Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, and suicidal ideation information on the participants was collected. Logistic regressions were performed to detect the association between sociodemographic variables and suicidal ideation, as well as each individual psychosocial variable and suicidal ideation, and to verify the syndemic effect of psychosocial factors. Results Of the participants, 25.0% reported having suicidal thoughts. In univariate analysis, low self-esteem, loneliness, depression, entrapment, defeat, and unsatisfied interpersonal needs were associated with suicidal ideation. Multivariable analysis found depression (risk ratio [RR] 2.614; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.603–4.262) and entrapment (RR: 4.457; 95%CI: 2.649–7.496) remained significant. STI patients who experienced two or more psychosocial health problems had approximately five times the odds of suicide ideation (adjusted risk ratio [ARR]: 4.643; 95%CI: 2.882–7.481) compared with those in the non-syndemic group, especially in the high-level (five or more psychosocial problems) group (ARR: 6.072; 95%CI: 3.307–11.152). Conclusions The study confirmed that STI patients have a high rate of suicidal ideation and suffer from severe psychosocial problems. The results confirm a syndemic effect of psychosocial problems on increasing the odds of suicidal ideation. This suggests greater attention should be paid to STI patients’ psychosocial wellbeing in both nursing and interventions. Efforts to prevent suicidal ideation among STI patients are therefore urgently needed to ameliorate the social and health conditions of this population.
Geographical distribution of family physicians in Japan: A nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Yoshida Shuhei , Matsumoto Masatoshi , Kashima Saori , Koike Soichi , Tazuma Susumu , Maeda Takahiro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Geographical maldistribution of physicians, and their subsequent shortage in rural areas, has been a serious problem in Japan and in other countries. Family Medicine, a new board-certified specialty started 10 years ago in Japan by Japan Primary Care Association (JPCA), may be a solution to this problem.
Methods: We obtained the workplace information of 527 (78.4%) of the 672 JPCA-certified family physicians from an online database. From the national census data, we also obtained the workplace information of board-certified general internists, surgeons, obstetricians/gynaecologists and paediatricians and of all physicians as the same-generation comparison group (ages 30 to 49). Chi-squared test and residual analysis were conducted to compare the distribution between family physicians and other specialists.
Results: 519 JPCA-certified family physicians and 137,587 same-generation physicians were analysed. The distribution of family physicians was skewed to municipalities with a lower population density, which shows a sharp contrast to the urban-biased distribution of other specialists. The proportion of family physicians in non-metropolitan municipalities was significantly higher than that expected based on the distribution of all same-generation physicians (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Family physicians distributed in favour of rural areas much more than any other specialists in Japan. The better balance of family physician distribution reported from countries with a strong primary care orientation seems to hold even in a country where primary care orientation is weak, physician distribution is not regulated, and patients have free access to healthcare. Family physicians comprise only 0.2% of all Japanese physicians. However, if their population grows, they can potentially rectify the imbalance of physician distribution. Government support is mandatory to promote family medicine in Japan.