bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal irrigation requirements of Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue blends in the northern transition zone
Authors: Powlen Jada S. , Bigelow Cale A. , Patton Aaron J. , Jiang Yiwei , Fraser Melodee L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLawns in the cool‐humid region typically consist of mixtures or blends of cool‐season turfgrass species and cultivars. To maintain a desirable aesthetic appearance and maximize seasonal greenness, many lawns receive supplemental irrigation. Turfgrass breeders have developed superior cultivars with reduced water needs, but the exact proportion of these grasses to include in lawn seed blends to reduce irrigation needs has not been well documented. A field study was conducted to determine the irrigation requirements of various blend ratios (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, w/w) of drought‐tolerant (DT) and drought‐susceptible (DS) Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., KBG) and turf‐type tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Durmort., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.; TF] cultivars at two mowing heights (5.1 or 8.9 cm). Supplemental irrigation requirements were determined over a 74‐d deficit irrigation period using a 70% green coverage threshold (GCT70) approach, where 12.7 mm of supplemental irrigation was applied if an individual plot fell below GCT70 using digital image analysis. Total irrigation needs ranged from 66.7 to 176.9 mm, and TF generally required the least irrigation. For KBG, a blend containing ≥75% DT cultivar required the longest time to reach GCT70 (25–33 d), the least irrigation (94–110 mm), and provided the highest overall visual quality. The TF responses were more variable, and the magnitude of differences among cultivar blends was less compared with KBG. These results indicate that where blending of cultivars is desired, the inclusion of cultivars with demonstrated drought tolerance in blends is important for reducing lawn irrigation needs.
Agronomic and seed traits of high‐oleic soybean lines containing the DP‐305423‐1 transgene in four backcross populations
Authors: Hemingway Joel , Schnebly Steve R. , Rajcan Istvan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe DP‐305423‐1 transgene elevates oleic acid concentration and reduces polyunsaturated fatty acids in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil, resulting in increased oxidative stability. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the DP‐305423‐1 transgene on agronomic and seed traits using four backcross derived soybean populations to provide further understanding of the transgene's influence across varying genetic backgrounds and environments. An equal number of high‐oleic, low‐linolenic (HOLL) and normal‐oleic, low‐linolenic (NOLL) progeny from four BC1F4:F6 populations—B (n = 30), C (n = 22), D (n = 56), and E (n = 34)—were grown across six locations in 2015. Across all locations, the high‐oleic (HO) progeny had a mean yield 77 kg ha−1 less in Population B, and 382 kg ha−1 greater in Population C compared with the normal‐oleic (NO) class. There was no significant difference in yield between HO and NO in Populations D and E. The HO progeny had a significantly lower mean oil concentration and greater protein concentration than the NO class in all populations, whereas 100‐seed weight of the HO class was, on average, greater than in the NO class. The results provide evidence that the reduction in oil concentration is associated with the HO phenotype in the progeny carrying the DP‐3054231‐1 transgene and demonstrate no consistent effect of the transgene on seed yield, suggesting that differences may be due to the genetic background of the population studied.
Pathologist‐performed palpation‐guided fine needle aspiration cytology of lingual actinomycosis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Özcan Zühal , Aker Fügen Vardar , Gölcük Veysel Alparslan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract“Lingual actinomycosis” is an uncommon, suppurative inflammation of lingual mucosa, caused by Actinomyces. Infectious oral lesions can mimic benign or malignant neoplasms and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, minimally invasive procedure for the assessment of patients with such lesions. Here, we describe the case of a 28‐year old patient presented with an asymptomatic, submucosal nodular mass of the tongue. Then, FNAC was performed by an experienced fine needle aspiration (FNA) pathologist (*) in our pathology department and the lesion diagnosed with actinomycosis. We also report a detailed review of cases in the literature, with clinical findings.
Major bleeding risk with non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant vs. aspirin in heart failure: network meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Wen‐Yi , Saver Jeffrey L. , Wu Yi‐Ling , Lin Chun‐Jen , Lee Meng , Ovbiagele Bruce 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsRelative bleeding risks of different antithrombotic agents in heart failure (HF) patients is an important consideration in treatment decision making, making detailed comparative analysis desirable. The aim of this study was to conduct a network meta‐analysis to investigate the major bleeding risk for individual novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) vs. aspirin among patients with HF.Methods and resultsWe searched Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov from 1966 to November 2019 to identify relevant randomized clinical trials. Studies comparing individual NOACs vs. aspirin were analysed using direct study‐level meta‐analysis. Studies comparing aspirin to warfarin and NOACs to warfarin were then additionally added using network (direct and indirect) study‐level meta‐analysis. Primary endpoint was major bleeding. Final analysis included nine trials with 34 367 participants, including one direct comparison trial (apixaban vs. aspirin) and eight indirect comparison trials against the shared warfarin comparator (four aspirin trials and one trial each of apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban). For apixaban, network meta‐analysis combing direct and indirect comparison showed that major bleeding risk might not be different between apixaban and aspirin (odds ratio, 1.18 [95% confidence interval, 0.38 to 3.65]) in HF patients. In contrast, indirect‐comparison meta‐analysis showed dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban compared with aspirin might be associated with a higher risk of major bleeding in HF patients.ConclusionsIn network meta‐analysis, apixaban might be associated with a comparable risk of major bleeding compared with aspirin in patients with HF, while other NOACs might be associated with a higher risk. However, such results were not strongly convincing because of lack of direct comparison in an original trial and small sample size of trials and participants. A clinical trial directly comparing apixaban vs. aspirin in patients with HF and sinus rhythm may be worth undertaking.
Sheathless CE‐MS as a tool for monitoring exchange efficiency and stability of bispecific antibodies
Authors: Gstöttner Christoph , Vergoossen Dana L. E. , Wuhrer Manfred , Huijbers Maartje G. M. , Domínguez‐Vega Elena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBispecific monoclonal antibodies (BsAbs) are receiving great attention due to their extensive benefits as biopharmaceuticals and their involvement in IgG4 mediated autoimmune diseases. While the production of BsAbs is getting more accessible, their analytical characterization remains challenging. We explored the potential of sheathless CE‐MS for monitoring exchange efficiency and stability of in‐house produced bispecific antibodies. Two IgG4 bispecific antibodies with different molecular characteristics were prepared using controlled Fragment antigen binding (Fab)‐arm exchange. Separation of BsAbs from their parent monospecific antibodies was achieved using a polyethyleniimine (PEI)‐coated capillary and acidic background electrolytes permitting reliable assessment of the exchange efficiency. This was especially valuable for a Fab‐glycosylated BsAb where the high glycan heterogeneity resulted in an overlap of masses with the monospecific parent antibody, hindering their discrimination by MS only. The method showed also good capabilities to monitor the stability of the generated BsAbs under different storage conditions. The levels of degradation products were different for the studied antibodies indicating pronounced differences in stability. Overall, the proposed method represents a useful analytical tool for exchange efficiency and stability studies of bispecific antibodies.
Joule heating‐enabled electrothermal enrichment of nanoparticles in insulator‐based dielectrophoretic microdevices
Authors: Malekanfard Amirreza , Liu Zhijian , Song Le , Kale Akshay , Zhang Cheng , Yu Liandong , Song Yongxin , Xuan Xiangchun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInsulator‐based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) exploits the electric field gradients formed around insulating structures to manipulate particles for diverse microfluidic applications. Compared to the traditional electrode‐based dielectrophoresis, iDEP microdevices have the advantages of easy fabrication, free of water electrolysis, and robust structure, etc. However, the presence of in‐channel insulators may cause thermal effects because of the locally amplified Joule heating of the fluid. The resulting electrothermal flow circulations are exploited in this work to trap and concentrate nanoscale particles (of 100 nm diameter and less) in a ratchet‐based iDEP microdevice. Such Joule heating‐enabled electrothermal enrichment of nanoparticles are found to grow with the increase of alternating current or direct current electric field. It also becomes more effective for larger particles and in a microchannel with symmetric ratchets. Moreover, a depth‐averaged numerical model is developed to understand and simulate the various parametric effects, which is found to predict the experimental observations with a good agreement.
Structural analysis and design of irregular shaped footings subjected to eccentric loading
Authors: Al‐Ansari Mohammed S. , Afzal Muhammad S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article presents a simplified analytical model for designing irregular shaped reinforced concrete (RC) footings supporting square column and subjected to eccentric loading, that is, axial load P and biaxial moments, Mx in (x‐x) axis and My in (y‐y) axis, respectively. In this study, four design variations of footing sections are considered, namely, square, triangular, circular, and trapezoidal. Seven different footings (F‐1 to F‐7), each with a different loading condition, are used to analyze and design each of the selected irregular footings with the goal of getting the optimum footing section. The required reinforcing area of steel (As) is obtained using the SDM method in each selected footing which is then compared using finite element software (SAFE). The percentage difference of area of steel (As) for simplified method with the finite element software ranges within 1% to 13%. Moreover, the concrete volume results show that the circular and triangular footings prove to be the most economical footings followed by square and trapezoidal shaped footing sections. However, the results show that triangular shaped footings under heavy loads require a larger steel area (As) as in footing F‐7, which is not economical for heavy loads.
Continuous phase modulation with chaotic interleaving for visible light communication systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Authors: Eldeeb Hossien B. , Al‐Nahhal Mohamed , Selmy Hossam A. I. , Abd El‐Samie Fathi E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVisible light communication (VLC) is one of the most promising technologies which offers high data rates and flexible cost‐effective networking solutions for indoor applications. In VLC systems, the optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is considered as an efficient technique to avoid VLC channel selectivity. However, OFDM suffers from the high peak‐to‐average‐power‐ratio (PAPR) problem, which degrades the VLC system performance. In this article, we consider the use of a chaotic‐interleaver‐based continuous‐phase‐modulation (CI‐CPM) scheme together with frequency domain equalization (FDE) at the receiver end of the VLC system. A direct current bias is added to the signal to provide real‐valued non‐negative signals for intensity modulation. The proposed scheme outperforms the conventional ones in terms of PAPR. Additionally, it takes the advantages of CPM power efficiency and frequency diversity. Furthermore, three types of FDE techniques are considered and compared including the zero‐forcing (ZF) equalizer, the minimum mean square error equalizer and the regularized ZF equalizer.
Salience and default‐mode network connectivity during threat and safety processing in older adults
Authors: Marstaller Lars , Fynes‐Clinton Samuel , Burianová Hana , Reutens David C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe appropriate assessment of threat and safety is important for decision‐making but might be altered in old age due to neurobiological changes. The literature on threat and safety processing in older adults is sparse and it is unclear how healthy ageing affects the brain's functional networks associated with affective processing. We measured skin conductance responses as an indicator of sympathetic arousal and used functional magnetic resonance imaging and independent component analysis to compare young and older adults' functional connectivity in the default mode (DMN) and salience networks (SN) during a threat conditioning and extinction task. While our results provided evidence for differential threat processing in both groups, they also showed that functional connectivity within the SN – but not the DMN – was weaker during threat processing in older compared to young adults. This reduction of within‐network connectivity was accompanied by an age‐related decrease in low frequency spectral power in the SN and a reduction in inter‐network connectivity between the SN and DMN during threat and safety processing. Similarly, we found that skin conductance responses were generally lower in older compared to young adults. Our results are the first to demonstrate age‐related changes in brain activation during aversive conditioning and suggest that the ability to adaptively filter affective information is reduced in older adults.
Exercise Training Decreases Hepatic Injury and Metastases Through Changes in Immune Response to Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion in Mice
Authors: Yazdani Hamza O. , Kaltenmeier Christof , Morder Kristin , Moon Juik , Traczek Madelyn , Loughran Patricia , Zamora Ruben , Vodovotz Yoram , Li Feng , Wang James H‐C. , Geller David A. , Simmons Richard L. , Tohme Samer 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) induces local and systemic inflammation in which neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are major drivers. IRI markedly augments metastatic growth, which is consistent with the notion that the liver IRI can serve as a premetastatic niche. Exercise training (ExT) confers a sustainable protection, reducing IRI in some animal models, and has been associated with improved survival in patients with cancer; however, the impact of ExT on liver IRI or development of hepatic metastases is unknown.

Approach and Results
Mice were randomized into exercise (ExT) and sedentary groups before liver IRI and tumor injection. Computerized dynamic network analysis of 20 inflammatory mediators was used to dissect the sequence of mediator interactions after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) that induce injury. ExT mice showed a significant decrease in hepatic IRI and tissue necrosis. This coincided with disassembly of complex networks among inflammatory mediators seen in sedentary mice. Neutrophil infiltration and NET formation were decreased in the ExT group, which suppressed the expression of liver endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Concurrently, ExT mice revealed a distinct population of infiltrating macrophages expressing M2 phenotypic genes. In a metastatic model, fewer metastases were present 3 weeks after I/R in the ExT mice, a finding that correlated with a marked increase in tumor‐suppressing T cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions
ExT preconditioning mitigates the inflammatory response to liver IRI, protecting the liver from injury and metastases. In light of these findings, potential may exist for the reduction of liver premetastatic niches induced by liver IRI through the use of ExT as a nonpharmacologic therapy before curative surgical approaches.
Nintedanib plus mFOLFOX6 as second‐line treatment of metastatic, chemorefractory colorectal cancer: The randomised, placebo‐controlled, phase II TRICC‐C study (AIO‐KRK‐0111)
Authors: Ettrich Thomas J. , Perkhofer Lukas , Decker Thomas , Hofheinz Ralf‐Dieter , Heinemann Volker , Hoffmann Thomas , Hebart Holger F. , Herrmann Thomas , Hannig Carla V. , Büchner‐Steudel Petra , Güthle Melanie , Hermann Patrick C. , Berger Andreas W. , Seufferlein Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNintedanib is a triple angiokinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1‐3, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1‐3 and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐a/‐b. Thereby, it targets angiogenic escape mechanisms. The trial TyRosine kinase Inhibitor for the treatment of Chemorefractory Colorectal Cancer (TRICC‐C) trial evaluates the addition of nintedanib to mFOLFOX6 (fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). TRICC‐C is a randomised controlled, double‐blinded, phase II trial in mCRC patients that received a first‐line non‐oxaliplatin containing chemotherapy. Patients received mFOLFOX6 + nintedanib (F + N) (2 × 200 mg p.o./d, d1‐d14) or mFOLFOX6 + placebo (F + P), in a 1:1 ratio. Primary endpoint was median progression free survival (mPFS) and secondary overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS) and safety. Fifty‐three patients (27 F + N; 26 F + P) were randomised between 12/2012 and 5/2016 (scheduled n = 180). The trial was terminated prematurely due to slow accrual. The trial did not reach its primary endpoint but mPFS, median overall survival (mOS) and disease control rate (DCR) were numerically higher in the F + N arm compared to the F + P arm; however, the difference was not significant (mPFS: F + P: 4.6 months vs F + N: 8.1 months; HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.32‐1.30; P = .2156; mOS: F + P: 9.9 months vs F + N: 17.1 months; HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.48‐2.23; P = .9387; DCR: F + P: 50% vs F + N: 66,7%; P = .2709). Toxicity was moderate and only different for neutropenia (F + P: 11.5%, F + N: 19.2%) and gastrointestinal disorders (F + P: 65.4%, F + N: 84.6%). Final results show safety and a nonsignificant trend towards improved PFS and DCR for the combination of mFOLFOX6 + nintedanib in the second‐line therapy of mCRC.
Does board structure affect stock price overshooting informativeness measured by stochastic oscillator indicators?
Authors: Ni Yensen , Cheng Yirung , Liao Yulu , Huang Paoyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe explore whether our proposed proxies for stock price overshooting informativeness and the days falling into overbought (oversold) zones defined by the SOI over the total number of trading days in a year (hereafter referred to as OB‐ratio [OS‐ratio]) would be affected by the function of the board structure and by financial performance. Results show that firms with high OS‐ratio (OB‐ratio) are those with ill‐functioning (well‐functioning) board structures and inferior (superior) financial performance. Thus, we argue that our new proxies could be employed to gauge board structure function and even financial performance.
Enhancing light‐matter interaction in 2D materials by optical micro/nano architectures for high‐performance optoelectronic devices
Authors: Tao Li , Chen Zefeng , Li Zhiyong , Wang Jiaqi , Xu Xin , Xu Jian‐Bin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo‐dimensional materials are a promising solution for next‐generation electronic and optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties. Owing to the atomic thickness of 2D materials, the light‐matter interaction length in 2D materials is much shorter than that in bulk materials, which limits the performance of optoelectronic devices composed of 2D materials. To improve the light‐matter interactions, optical micro/nano architectures have been introduced into 2D material optoelectronic devices. In this review, we present a concise introduction and discussion of various strategies for the enhancement of light‐matter interaction in 2D materials, namely, the plasmonic effect, waveguide, optical cavity, and reflection architecture. We have outlined the current advances in high‐performance 2D material optoelectronic devices (eg, photodetectors, electro‐optic modulators, light‐emitting diodes, and molecular sensors) assisted by these enhancement strategies. Finally, we have discussed the future challenges and opportunities of micro/nano photonic structure designs in 2D material devices.image
SARS‐CoV‐2 multifaceted interaction with the human host. Part II: Innate immunity response, immunopathology, and epigenetics
Authors: Beacon Tasnim H. , Su Ruey‐Chyi , Lakowski Ted M. , Delcuve Geneviève P. , Davie James R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 makes its way into the cell via the ACE2 receptor and the proteolytic action of TMPRSS2. In response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, the innate immune response is the first line of defense, triggering multiple signaling pathways to produce interferons, pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and initiating the adaptive immune response against the virus. Unsurprisingly, the virus has developed strategies to evade detection, which can result in delayed, excessive activation of the innate immune system. The response elicited by the host depends on multiple factors, including health status, age, and sex. An overactive innate immune response can lead to a cytokine storm, inflammation, and vascular disruption, leading to the vast array of symptoms exhibited by COVID‐19 patients. What is known about the expression and epigenetic regulation of the ACE2 gene and the various players in the host response are explored in this review.