bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Nationwide Recommendations to Support Prenatal Counseling in Extreme Prematurity
Authors: Geurtzen Rosa , van Heijst Arno F. J. , Draaisma Jos M. T. , Kuijpers Lindie J. M. K. , Woiski Mallory , Scheepers Hubertina C. J. , van Kaam Anton H. , Oudijk Martijn A. , Lafeber Harrie N. , Bax Caroline J. , Koper Jan F. , Duin Leonie K. , van der Hoeven Marc A. , Kornelisse René F. , Duvekot Johannes J. , Andriessen Peter , van Runnard Heimel Pieter J. , van der Heide-Jalving Marja , Bekker Mireille N. , Mulder-de Tollenaer Susanne M. , van Eyck Jim , Eshuis-Peters Ellis , Graatsma Margo , Hermens Rosella P. M. G. , Hogeveen Marije 
Published: November 2019

(Abstracted from Pediatrics 2019;143(6):e20183253)
Guidelines on management of extreme prematurity differ regarding the lowest limits of gestation for which active support can or should be offered the recommendations for the role of parents in the decision making. In addition, the use of gestational age (GA) as a cutoff has been debated because other factors also determine prenatal outcome.
Role of Interventional Radiology in Pregnancy Complicated by Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: D'Antonio F. , Iacovelli A. , Liberati M. , Leombroni M. , Murgano D. , Cali G. , Khalil A. , Flacco M.E. , Scutiero G. , Iannone P. , Scambia G. , Manzoli L. , Greco P. 
Published: November 2019

(Abstracted from Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019;53:743–751)
The increase in cesarean sections performed in the last 20 years has also led to a large increase in the incidence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders. Prenatal diagnosis of a PAS disorder, by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, has been shown to improve maternal outcome by letting providers plan surgical treatment for these disorders.
Compartment Syndrome in Tibial Plateau Fractures: Do Previously Established Predictors Have External Validity?
Authors: Marchand Lucas S. , Working Zachary M. , Rane Ajinkya A. , Elliott Iain S. , Gilbertson Ellen , Rothberg David L. , Higgins Thomas F. , Haller Justin M. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
To test previously established radiographic predictors of compartment syndrome in tibial plateau fractures and determine whether novel measurements may further improve a surgeon's ability to identity patients at high risk for developing this outcome.

Design:
Retrospective review.

Setting:
Academic Level I trauma center.

Patients:
Five hundred thirteen patients with tibial plateau fractures treated operatively over a 10-year period (OTA/AO 41B1-3 & 41C1-3; Schatzker I-VI).

Intervention:
Previously established plain film radiographic measurements and novel computed tomography soft tissue measurements.

Main Outcome Measure:
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS).

Results:
Schatzker VI fractures (odds ratio 5.72, confidence interval 2.55–12.83, P < 0.001), high-energy mechanism (3.10, 1.26–7.58, P = 0.0096), fibular fracture (8.14, 3.33–19.96, P < 0.0001), fracture length (9.70, 2.45–37.69, P = 0.0014), and plateau-shaft combined injury (2.97, 1.15–7.70, P = 0.019) were all associated with the development of compartment syndrome. The depth of the posterior compartment was also predictive of CS (1.06, 1.02–1.09, P = 0.0025). Patients with 3 and 4 predictive markers demonstrated a 20% and 27% chance of developing ACS respectively.

Conclusions:
This study confirms that several factors are associated with the development of ACS. The presence of each independent predictor had a cumulative effect such that when more than one variable is present, the chance of ACS increases. This information may be used to alert providers regarding injuries that require vigilant evaluation.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Extrapulmonary Coccidioidomycosis Among Children in Central California
Authors: Naeem Fouzia , McCarty James , Mhaissen Mohammad Nael , Ha Sandie , Rongkavilit Chokechai 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The literature on pediatric extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis is limited. We reviewed the clinical course, diagnostic studies, treatment and outcomes of children with extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis followed at a tertiary care center in central California.

Methods:
Retrospective study of 78 patients ≤21 years old with extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis diagnosed over 10 years (1/1/07–12/31/16).

Results:
The median age was 9.7 years (interquartile range, 4.5–14.8). The majority of patients were males (55%), Hispanic (65%) and without comorbid conditions (85%). Over two-thirds (68%) had concurrent pulmonary disease. Organ involvements included bones and joints (33%), mediastinum (19%), central nervous system (19%), cervical lymph nodes (15%), larynx (6%) and skin (5%). Most cases (84%) resolved and/or became stable on maintenance therapy, 14% experienced relapse and/or progressive disease, and 2% were fatal. Children ≥10 years of age tended to have >1 site of involvement (47% vs. 25%, P = 0.06), and more relapsed/progressive/fatal disease (21% vs. 5%, P = 0.06) compared with those <10 years. They also required longer durations of treatment (median, 611 vs. 349 days, P = 0.02). Non-Hispanics were more likely to require >1 drug therapy (85% vs. 70%, P = 0.04) and tended to have Coccidioides complement fixation titers ≥1:32 (89% vs. 72%, P = 0.04) compared with Hispanics.

Conclusions:
Extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis in children can be severe and spread to multiple sites and requires prolonged treatment. Non-Hispanics and those ≥10 years of age are more likely to experience severe disease, suggesting a need for early recognition and intervention in these populations.
Epstein-Barr Virus Seroprevalence and Force of Infection in a Multiethnic Pediatric Cohort, Singapore
Authors: Setoh Johnson Weng Sung , Ho Clement Kam Man , Yung Chee Fu , Tam Clarence , Yelen  , Tee Nancy Wen Sim 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) spreads through bodily fluids, especially saliva, and can cause infectious mononucleosis. EBV immunity and infection status can be assessed by testing EBV viral capsid antigen and nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibodies in blood. In this study, we investigated the seroprevalence and force of infection (FOI) of EBV antibodies among children and young people in 3 ethnic groups in Singapore.

Methods:
Eight hundred ninety-six residual serum samples at a tertiary hospital were tested for viral capsid antigen (IgG and IgM) and EBNA IgG antibodies using Abbott Architect assays. We calculated the EBV seroprevalence using catalytic models to estimate the EBV force of infection from age-stratified seroprevalence data, both overall and by ethnic group.

Results:
Overall seropositivity was 68.3% (n = 612). Seropositivity was higher in Malays (81.8%) compared with both Chinese (64.2%) and Indians (58.4%). EBV FOI was consistently higher in Malays, with an estimated annual rate of seroconversion of 25% in children 1 year, of age compared with 14% among Chinese and Indians at the same age.

Conclusions:
The seroprevalence patterns of EBV antibodies in the Chinese and Indian, but not Malay children in Singapore by 19 years of age resemble those previously reported in developed countries. Ideally, any future EBV vaccination strategy would need to target infants <1 year of age for maximum population benefit.
Chlamydia pneumoniae Infections in an Immunocompetent Patient Compared With a Neutropenic Cancer Patient
Authors: Abraham Abel Mundakakuzhiyil , Greene John N. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Chlamydia pneumoniae, an uncommon cause of respiratory tract infections, is difficult to diagnose in most patients. Its signs, symptoms, laboratory values, and imaging are nonspecific, and historically, culture or serology was required to implicate the organism. Because many physicians begin treatment of bacterial pneumonia with antibiotics ineffective against C. pneumoniae, cases of atypical pneumonia caused by this organism require greater time, resources, and analysis before positive diagnoses and the start of effective treatment. However, the emergence and widespread use of polymerase chain reaction have led to quicker recognition of respiratory tract infections caused by C. pneumoniae. This is especially relevant for immunosuppressed cancer patients, who must be quickly treated to prevent the development of serious complications. This article reviewed the limited literature regarding C. pneumoniae and immunosuppressed cancer patients, concluding that prompt diagnosis and standard recommended treatment of C. pneumoniae will provide favorable outcomes.
A Case of Kaposi Sarcoma–Related Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Walde Charles , Merritt Karissa , Trotman Robin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is a complication of antiretroviral therapy in advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We describe the uncommon presentation of undiagnosed Kaposi sarcoma after antiretroviral therapy initiation. Kaposi sarcoma can manifest after initiation of antiretroviral therapy and may necessitate cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Cellulitis and Sepsis Secondary to Serratia marcescens in a Patient With HIV
Authors: Dhariwal Ankush , Serafino Wani Robert , Martin-Lazaro Juan F. , Cevallos Morales Joaquim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We describe a case of bullous leg cellulitis secondary to Serratia marcescens in a patient with a complex background including well-controlled HIV and venous insufficiency secondary to multiple deep vein thrombosis. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy with meropenem, her condition deteriorated, requiring intensive care unit support. She was reviewed multiple times by the surgical teams, who felt that surgical intervention was not warranted. After a switch in antibiotics to ciprofloxacin, she made a sustained and complete recovery.

S. marcescens cellulitis is a rare entity, but certain clinical features are common to most reported cases, including an immunocompromised host, bullous lesions, and a severe illness, all of which are demonstrated here. Optimal antibiotic therapy is not established, and our experience suggests that perhaps quinolones are superior to carbapenems, for reasons which remain unclear. Surgery is an important consideration in S. marcescens cellulitis; however, our experience suggests that in selected cases, watchful waiting may be appropriate.
Oral Antimicrobial Agents for Urinary Tract Infections Due to Enterobacteriales Species
Authors: Bader Mazen S. , Irfan Neal , Leto Daniela , Brooks Annie 
Published: November 2019

Background
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to Enterobacteriales continue to pose a challenge because of increasing resistance rate to antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro susceptibility of oral antimicrobial agents against urinary isolates of Enterobacteriales species in patients with suspected UTIs at Hamilton Health Sciences hospitals in 2016.

Methods
Positive urine cultures for Enterobacteriales species in all patients 18 years or older with diagnosis of UTIs from 2 acute care hospitals in 2016 were included. Susceptibility rates were calculated for first- and second-line oral antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat UTIs.

Results
A total of 2773 urinary isolates of Enterobacteriales species were included in the analysis. The rates of susceptibility to nitrofurantoin were 96.3% (1925/1999) and 46.9% (188/401), respectively, for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The rates of susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin were 73.9% (1478/1999) and 84% (337/401), and 72.3% (1446/1999) and 86.3% (346/401), respectively, for E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The rate of E. coli susceptibility to oral cephalosporins was approximately 83%. The proportions of Enterobacteriales isolates that produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) for E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 11.6% (231/1999) and 11.2% (45/401), respectively. The rates of ESBLs E. coli susceptibility to nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin were 91.3% (211/231), 30.3% (70/231), and 16% (37/231), respectively.

Conclusions
Oral antimicrobial agents have a limited role as empiric treatment of UTIs due to antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriales species, with the exception of nitrofurantoin for E. coli including ESBL-producing strains. Oral cephalosporins were the second most susceptible agents to E. coli.
Fusobacterium-Associated Pylephlebitis Complicated by Hepatic Abscess Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery–Gastrointestinal Variant of Lemierre Syndrome
Authors: Tariq Tooba , Badwal Karun , Wilt Jeffrey , Boapimp Pimpawan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Acute pylephlebitis is a suppurative thrombosis of the portal vein that arises as a complication of intra-abdominal infections. This report describes a rare case of acute pylephlebitis complicated by hepatic abscess formation secondary to Fusobacterium nucleatum. The patient is a 48-year-old woman who presented with worsening abdominal pain and malaise for 3 weeks. She had a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery 4 months earlier that showed a phlegmon at the surgical site on a contrast computed tomography scan postsurgery. Physical examination revealed right upper quadrant tenderness, and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver showed portal vein thrombosis with multiple hepatic abscesses. The patient was started empirically on cefepime and metronidazole. A tagged white blood cell scan showed an infected portal vein thrombosis. The abscess was aspirated and grew F. nucleatum. The patient was discharged on rivaroxaban and a 6-week course of ceftriaxone and metronidazole. The pathophysiology of acute pylephlebitis is hematogenous dissemination into the portal system from a remote enteric infection. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a commensal anaerobe in the oral cavity, but emerging evidence suggests that it can also colonize the gastrointestinal mucosa and can lead to pylephlebitis and hepatic abscess. In the literature, only a handful of Fusobacterium pylephlebitis complicated by hepatic abscess have been reported. This is the first known case of Fusobacterium-associated pylephlebitis complicated by hepatic abscess post–Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
Salmonella enteritidis Endocarditis and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in an Immunocompromised Renal Transplant Patient
Authors: Pervin Najwa , Antonacci Dominic , Sundareshan Vidya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Complicated nontyphoidal Salmonella infections and its recurrences have been reported infrequently in transplant patients. As such, there is no standard consensus regarding treatment options and prevention of recurrences in this population. We present a renal transplant patient who developed recurrent urinary tract infections with Salmonella enteritidis, complicated by bacteremia and endocarditis, and discuss our management for this challenging case.
Pain behavior without pain sensation: an epileptic syndrome of “symbolism for pain”?
Authors: Hagiwara Koichi , Garcia-Larrea Luis , Tremblay Léon , Montavont Alexandra , Catenoix Hélène , Rheims Sylvain , Guénot Marc , Isnard Jean 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
“Asymbolia for pain” has shown the potentiality of diseased insular networks to dissociate sensory from affective-behavioral dimensions of pain, resulting in the lack of appropriate motor and affective responses despite preserved sensory aspect of pain. Here, we describe 4 patients with an inverse phenomenon of asymbolia for pain, namely an isolated “symbolism for pain” triggered by epileptic seizures, characterized by pain behavior without declarative pain sensation despite fully preserved contact and vigilance. Stereoelectroencephalography demonstrated in each case focal seizure discharges within the posterior insulo-opercular cortex, with little or no propagation to other cortical structures, especially those considered to drive subjective pain experiences. The pain behavior might reflect seizure propagation from the insula to brain networks serving for behavioral responses associated with pain, including the cingulate motor region and possibly also the basal ganglia. We propose that the isolated symbolism for pain is a novel epileptic syndrome of dissociation between pain perception and behaviors associated with the insular nociceptive-related networks.
The Dyadic Experience of Managing Heart Failure
Authors: Kim Juliah Shay Ryann , Risbud Rashmi , Gray Caroline , Banerjee Dipanjan , Trivedi Ranak 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Self-management of heart failure (HF) is often a joint venture between patients and their friends and family (“framily”). However, this joint experience is often overlooked in clinical care.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to understand the cognitive, emotional, and relational elements affecting the experience of patient-framily member dyads managing HF.

Methods:
Participants were patients with HF receiving care at a university hospital and their framily. Dyads participated in 30- to 45-minute semistructured interviews before their clinic visit. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analyses. Interviews were coded independently and checked for interrater agreement before the final coded data set was developed. Participants were recruited until thematic saturation was attained.

Results:
A total of 16 patient-framily member dyads and 1 triad (n = 35) participated in the study; 47.1% of patients and 77.8% of framily members were female. Patients were 66 years old (SD, 14 years) and framily members were 59 years old (SD, 12.3 years). Three aspects of the dyadic experience emerged in the themes: (1) health beliefs of dyads were characterized by acceptance and optimism, but also pessimism; (2) negative emotions influenced the dyadic experience; (3) the closeness of their interpersonal relationships influenced their contributions to managing HF.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that greater attention to the experience and interpersonal relationships of dyads has the potential for improving HF self-management and facilitating patient-centered care.
Helping parents choose treatments for young children with autism: A comparison of applied behavior analysis and eclectic treatments
Authors: Stanislaw Harold , Howard Jane , Martin Carolyn 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Background:
Nurse practitioners (NPs) increasingly meet with families of young children who have been recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These families face a bewildering variety of treatment options and can benefit from working with NPs who can help them better understand those options and the likely outcomes for their children.

Purpose:
This study describes outcomes for young children with autism, who were treated with either applied behavior analysis (ABA) or eclectic treatment. Nurse practitioners can use this information to help families choose treatments for their children.

Methods:
Children diagnosed with autism received ABA (n = 50) or eclectic treatment (n = 32). Age-appropriate assessments in a variety of domains were made before and after up to 7 years of treatment.

Results:
Initial scores were below normal in every domain except motor skills. Sixty percent of children had normal cognitive scores after ABA, compared with only 25% of children after eclectic treatment. Other domains also showed better outcomes after ABA than eclectic treatment.

Implications for practice:
Nurse practitioners should be prepared to help families understand treatment options and their likely outcomes. The present study suggests that young children diagnosed with ASD can achieve normal levels of functioning in a variety of domains. These outcomes are much more likely after ABA than eclectic treatment.
Enhancing migraine self-efficacy and reducing disability through a self-management program
Authors: Short A. Laurel 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Chronic migraine is a primary headache disorder affecting approximately 3–7 million individuals in the United States. This condition is associated with significant individual and societal consequences, causing impaired function and high levels of health care utilization.

Purpose:
The aim of this quasi-experimental single cohort study was to determine if an 8-week outpatient self-management program for chronic migraine would decrease migraine disability and enhance self-efficacy.

Methods:
This was a prospective, single cohort, pre- and postintervention pilot study. Fifteen adults aged 18–65 years who met the criteria for diagnosis of chronic migraine were enrolled in the study through convenience sampling. Participants participated in an evidence-based self-management program with multimodal formats including verbal, written, video, and online materials. Outcome measures included migraine disability (using Migraine Disability Assessment tool [MIDAS]), headache self-efficacy (using Headache Management Self-Efficacy Scale [HMSE]), acute medication use, and migraine frequency. Participants also completed a postintervention survey to assess satisfaction.

Results:
Findings showed a reduction in MIDAS scores, acute medication use, and frequency of migraine. Outcomes also included an increase in HMSE scores and a trend of improved health behaviors. Acute medication use decreased by more than 50%, and frequency of migraine and headache days reduced by close to 40%.

Implications for practice:
Despite high rates of disability, patient education and self-management programs for chronic migraine are not readily available. The findings of this study encourage use of a hybrid clinic and web-based self-management model to improve migraine disability and self-efficacy.
Monitoring respiratory mechanics during assisted ventilation
Authors: Grasselli Giacomo , Brioni Matteo , Zanella Alberto 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of review
Accurate monitoring of the mechanical properties of the respiratory system is crucial to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of respiratory failure in mechanically ventilated patients, to optimize mechanical ventilation settings and to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury. However, although the assessment of respiratory mechanics is simple in patients undergoing fully controlled ventilation, it becomes quite challenging in the presence of spontaneous breathing activity. Aim of the present review is to describe how the different components of respiratory mechanics [resistance, static compliance, and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)] can be measured at the bedside during assisted modes of ventilation.

Recent findings
Available techniques for bedside measurement of resistance during assisted ventilation are complex and not commonly implemented. On the contrary, an increasing number of reports indicate that measurement of static compliance and intrinsic PEEP can be easily obtained, both with advanced monitoring systems (esophageal and gastric manometry, diaphragm electromyography, electrical impedance tomography) and, with some limitations, with simple airways occlusion maneuvers.

Summary
Assessment of respiratory mechanics in spontaneously breathing patients, with some limitations, is feasible and should be included in everyday clinical practice; however, more data are needed to understand the clinical relevance of the measures obtained during assisted ventilation.