bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tocilizumab improves survival in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia: A retrospective cohort study with follow-up from Mumbai, India
Authors: gokhale YOJANA , Mehta Rakshita , Kulkarni Uday , Karnik Nitin , Gokhale Sushant , Sundar Uma , Chavan Swati , Kor Akshay , Thakur Sonal , Triwedi Tripti , Kumar Naveen , Baveja Sujata , Wadal Aniket , Kolte Shaonak , Deolankar Aukshan , Pednekar Sangeeta , Kalekar Lalana , Padiyar Rupal , Londhe Charulata , Darole Pramod , Pol Sujata , Gokhe Seema Bansode , Padwal Namita , Pandey Dharmendra , Yadav Dhirendra , Joshi Anagha , Badgujar Harshal , Trivedi Mayuri , Shah Priyanshu , Bhavsar Prerna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCytokine storm triggered by Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality. With high ‘Interlukin -6’ (IL-6) levels reported in COVID-19 related deaths in China1, IL-6 is considered to be the key player in COVID-19 cytokine storm. Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor, is used on compassionate grounds for treatment of COVID-19 cytokine storm. The aim of this study was to assess effect of tocilizumab on mortality due to COVID-19 cytokine storm.MethodThis retrospective, observational study included patients of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia (defined as saturation 94% or less on supplemental Oxygen of 15 L per minute through non-rebreathing mask or PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 200) who were admitted to a tertiary care center in Mumbai, India, between 31st March to 5th July 2020. In addition to standard care, single Inj. Tocilizumab 400mg was given intravenously to 151 consecutive COVID-19 patients with persistent hypoxia, from 13th May to 5th July 2020. These 151 patients were retrospectively analysed and compared with historic controls, i.e consecutive COVID-19 patients with persistent hypoxia, defined as stated above (N=118, from our first COVID-19 admission on 31st March to 12th May 2020 i.e, till tocilizumab was available in hospital). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed for identifying predictors of survival. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26.ResultsOn multivariate Cox regression analysis, independent predictors of survival were use of tocilizumab (HR 0.621, 95% CI 0.427-0.903, P 0.013) and higher oxygen saturation.Interpretation: Tocilizumab improved survival in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia
How the sharing physical activity experience on social network sites(SNS) improves residents’ social connectedness during isolation: the multiple mediating effects of positive self-presentation and positive feedback
Authors: Zuo Yifan , Zhang Mu , Ma Yudan , Wu Xiaoyuan , Ren Zhanbing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity cannot continue to play a role in promoting interpersonal relationships and enhancing social connectedness，people’s contact with the outside world has turned to SNS. During isolation, Whether sharing physical activity experience on SNS can enhance individual social connectedness and its mechanism. The objective of the present study was to examine the associations between sharing physical activity experience on SNS, positive self-presentation, positive feedback ang social connectedness during isolation.MethodsBased on the physical activity experience sharing scale, social connectedness scale, positive self-presentation scale and online positive feedback scale, 460 valid questionnaires were collected online from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China. A series of multiple linear regression models were established to study the relationship between variables, and the bootstrap confidence interval was selected to test the mediating effect.ResultsDuring isolation, sharing physical activity experience is positively associated with social connectedness (b =0.308, p < 0.001), it is also positively associated with positive self-presentation(b =0.956, p < 0.001)and positive feedback(b =0.421, p < 0.001). In addition, it is verified that positive self-presentation has a significant positive impact positive feedback (b = 0.563, p <0.001). positive self-presentation(b =0.331, P < 0.001) and positive feedback(b =0.311, P < 0.001) are positively associated with social connectedness. Finally, it was verified that sharing physical activity experience indirectly through positive self-presentation (b=0.316, 95% CI: [0.180, 0.463]) and positive feedback (b= 0.131, 95% CI: [0.063, 0.207]) also had a significant impact on social connectedness, respectively. and indirectly through the mediation chain of online positive self-presentation and positive feedback (b=0.167, 95% CI: [0.088, 0.251]) also has a significant impact on social connectedness.ConclusionsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, sharing physical activity experience on SNS can create a positive, healthy and energetic personal image, gain recognition from others, and establish new interpersonal relationships. At the same time, in addition to advocating home-based exercises, governments should encourage residents to share content of home-based exercise or virtual sports on SNS.
Unveiling of a novel bifunctional photoreceptor, Dualchrome1, isolated from a cosmopolitan green alga
Authors: Makita Yuko , Suzuki Shigekatsu , Fushimi Keiji , Shimada Setsuko , Suehisa Aya , Hirata Manami , Kuriyama Tomoko , Kurihara Yukio , Hamasaki Hidehumi , Yoshitake Kazutoshi , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Gojobori Takashi , Sakami Tomoko , Narikawa Rei , Yamaguchi Haruyo , Kawachi Masanobu , Matsui Minami 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Photoreceptors are conserved in green algae to land plants, and regulate various developmental stages. In the ocean, blue light penetrates deeper than red light, and blue-light sensing is key to adapting to marine environments. A search for blue-light photoreceptors in the marine metagenome uncovered a novel chimeric gene composed of a phytochrome and a cryptochrome (Dualchrome1, DUC1) in a prasinophyte, Pycnococcus provasolii. DUC1 detects light within the orange/far-red and blue spectra, and acts as a dual photoreceptor. Its complete genome revealed that P. provasolii facilitates light adaptation mechanisms via pheophorbide a oxygenase (Pao) and prasinoxanthin. Genes for the light-harvesting complex (LHC) are duplicated and transcriptionally regulated under monochromatic orange/blue light, suggesting P. provasolii has acquired environmental adaptability to a wide range of light spectra and intensities.
Role of dietary Schizochytrium sp. in improving disease resistance of zebrafish through metabolic and microbial analysis
Authors: Shi Yanyan , Cao Xingyu , Ye Zhidong , Xu Yiyuan , Wang Yiming , Li Zhipeng , Hang Wei , He Ning 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAs an essential nutrient for farmed fish, the fish oil from wild fish has been partly replaced by vegetable ingredients to prevent overfishing. Schizochytrium sp., a type of marine microalgae, is considered as a promising alternative to fish oil for improving growth and fatty acid profile in fish. However, there lacks a comprehensive understanding of disease resistance on microalgae supplementation of fish. In the present study, to understand the pathogen-resistant mechanisms of diets enriched with microalgae, the eﬀects of dietary Schizochytrium sp. on the intestine microbial and metabolic profile of zebrafish were investigated. ResultsThe challenge trial with Edwardsiella piscicida showed that 120 g/kg Schizochytrium sp. supplementation had a significantly higher survival rate of zebrafish. Additionally, higher goblet cell density was observed in zebrafish fed with Schizochytrium sp. Metabolomic analysis of humoral fluids indicated that the diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp. boosted the TCA cycle, energy supply, taurine metabolism, and L-serine metabolism, whereas decreased cholesterol metabolism in zebrafish. The microbiome analysis revealed that a 120 g/kg Schizochytrium sp. supplemented diet could remarkably increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria (i.e., Lactobacillus, Dorea, Butyricicoccus, and Pseudoxanthomonas), and reduce several potential pathogens (i.e., Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, and Mycoplasmas). Combined omics analysis indicated that some Dorea and Butyricicoccus species might be candidate probiotics with disease resistance.ConclusionsDietary supplement of Schizochytrium sp. could improve the survival rate of zebrafish when infected with Edwardsiella piscicida. It further revealed that Schizochytrium sp. as feed additive had the potential to improve metabolism and the intestine health by dual-omics analysis, and thus enhance disease resistance of zebraﬁsh. Our research provides a novel insight into developing the fundamental understanding of disease resistance in aquatic animals fed with microalgae. Moreover, this experiment shed substantial light on the screening of probiotic candidates with immunomodulatory properties.
Effects of ODC on Polyamine Metabolism, Hormone Levels, Cell proliferation and Apoptosis in Goose Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Niu Chunyang , Zhang Sujuan , Mo Guilin , Jiang Yilong , Li Liang , Xu Hengyong , Han Chunchun , Zhao Hua , Yan Yanhong , Hu Shenqiang , Hu Jiwei , Jiang Dongmei , Kang Bo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) plays an indispensable role in the process of polyamine biosynthesis. Polyamines are a pivotal part of living cells and have diverse roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, aging and reproduction. However, to date, there have been no reports about ODC regulating follicular development in goose ovaries. Here, we constructed ODC siRNA and overexpression plasmids and transfected them into goose primary granulosa cells (GCs) to elucidate the effects of ODC interference and overexpression on the polyamine metabolism, hormone levels, cell apoptosis and proliferation of granulosa cells.Results: After interfering with ODC in GCs, the mRNA and protein levels of ODC and the content of putrescine were greatly decreased (P < 0.05). When ODC was overexpressed, ODC mRNA and protein levels and putrescine content were greatly increased (P < 0.05). The polyamine-metabolizing enzyme genes OAZ1 and SSAT were significantly increased, and SPDS was significantly decreased when ODC was downregulated (P < 0.05). OAZ1, SPDS and SSAT were significantly increased when ODC was upregulated (P < 0.05). In addition, after interference with ODC, P4 (progesterone) levels in the culture medium of GCs increased greatly (P < 0.05), while the overexpression of ODC caused the P4 level to decrease significantly (P < 0.05). After ODC downregulation, granulosa cell activity was significantly reduced, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, and the BCL-2/BAX ratio was downregulated (P < 0.05). Under ODC overexpression, the activity of GCs was notably increased, the apoptosis rate was significantly reduced, and the BCL-2/BAX protein ratio was upregulated (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our study successfully induced ODC interference and overexpression in goose ovarian GCs, and ODC regulated mainly putrescine content in GCs with a slight influence on spermidine and spermine. Moreover, ODC participated in the adjustment of P4 levels in the culture medium of GCs, promoted granulosa cell proliferation and inhibited granulosa cell apoptosis.
Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for the Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Protein Define Neutralizing Epitopes Specific for Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype 2.VII from Egypt.
Authors: Moharam Ibrahim , Asala Olayinka , Reiche Sven , Harder Timm , Hafez Hafez , Beer Martin , Grund Christian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:Newcastle disease is a devastating disease in poultry caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a paramyxovirus endemic in many regions of the world despite intensive vaccination. Phylogenetic analysis reveal ongoing evolution of the predominant circulating genotype 2.VII, and the relevance of potential antigenic drift is under discussion. To investigate variation within neutralization-sensitive epitopes within the protein responsible for receptor binding, i.e. the Heamagglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN) spike protein, we were interested to established genotype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Methods:An HN-enriched fraction of a gradient-purified NDV genotype 2.VII was prepared and successfully employed to induced antibodies in BalbC mice that recognize conformationally intact sites reactive by haemagglutination inhibition (HI). For subsequent screening of mouse hybridoma cultures, an NDV-ELISA was established that utilize Concanavalin A (ConA-ELISA) coupled Glycoproteins that was proven to present conformation-dependent epitopes.Results:Six out of nine selected MAbs were able to block receptor binding as demonstrated by HI-activity. One MAb recognized an epitope only present in the homologue virus while four other MAbs showed weak reactivity to selected other genotypes. On the other hand, one broadly cross-reacting MAb reacted with all genotypes tested and resembled the reactivity profile of genotype specific polyclonal antibody preparations that point to minor antigenic differences between tested NDV genotpyes.Conclusions:These results point to the concurrent presence of variable and conserved epitopes within the HN-molecule of NDV. The described protocol should help to generate MAbs to a variety of NDV strains and enable in depth analysis of the antigenic profiles of different genotypes.
The relationship between smartphone usage duration (using smartphone’s ability to monitor screen time) with hand-grip and pinch-grip strength among young people. An observational study
Authors: Osailan Ahmad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of smartphones has become widely popular especially among young people for multiple purposes other than communication including gaming and internet browsing. The weakness of the hand and wrist is one of the main complications associated with the increase of use of smartphones. This weakness occurs due to the repetitive flexion and extension of the wrist, thumb and fingers which eventually could lead to a major musculoskeletal pathology. Little is known about the relationship between smartphone usage duration (using the phones ability to monitor screen time) and hand-grip, pinch-grip strength. Therefore, the study was aimed to investigate the association between smartphone usage duration and hand-grip, pinch-grip strength among young people. Methods100 young males volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were briefly examined for height and weight using a portable stadiometer and a digital scale. Hand-grip, pinch-grip strength measurement was performed using a hand-held dynamometer. Smartphones usage duration was obtained from the daily average screen time reported in the last seven days. ResultsMean daily usage of smartphone among the participants was 7.8 ± 2.2. There was a significant inverse relationship between smartphone usage duration and hand-grip strength (r=-.22, p=.03) and pinch-grip strength (r=-.28, p=.004). ConclusionProlonged use of smartphones is related to weaker hand-grip and pinch-grip. This may lead to future musculoskeletal pathologies such as carpal tunnel syndrome. Young people should be aware of the dangers of smartphones overuse.
Characteristics of Hip Impingement Syndrome in patients with Multiple Hereditary Exostoses
Authors: Ahn Yeong-Seub , Oh Ho-Seok , Kim Woo-Jong , Kim Yu-Seok , Jung Sung Taek 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundsThis study aimed to investigate the characteristic deformities of the hip in multiple hereditary exostoses patients (MHE) and its association with the hip impingement syndrome.Materials and methods Between 2001 and 2019, total 51 patients (102 hips) were evaluated in this study. To assess the morphometry of the hip in patients with MHE, the femoral neck-shaft angle, Sharp’s acetabular angle and center-edge (CE) angle were evaluated. Hip impingement symptoms were classified to femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) symptom group, ischio-femoral impingement (IFI) symptom group and non-impingement symptom group by comparing the symptoms, clinical signs and imaging studies. Alpha angle was evaluated to investigate the FAI. The minimum ischio-femoral distance was measured to evaluate for IFI using computed-tomographic study. Each measured morphometric study was compared according to gender, location and hip impingement symptom.Results Coxa valga and acetabular dysplasia were common with a mean femoral neck-shaft angle of 144.1°, mean CE angle of 27.9°, and mean Sharp’s acetabular angle of 42.0°. Each of the measured value for assessment of hip deformity was correlated significantly. Morphometric study on gender showed no significant difference except the alpha angle value. In addition, no significant difference was shown on comparison study by location of hip. On hip impingement symptom analysis, FAI symptom and IFI symptom were confirmed in 14 hip joints and 18 hip joints, respectively. The number of hip joints with IFI symptom was higher than those with FAI symptom in this study. Furthermore, both the FAI and IFI symptom group showed significant differences from the non-symptom group in the morphometric study. In addition, the minimum ischio-femoral distance was significantly decreased in the IFI symptom group, which seems to be associated with coxa valga deformity.Conclusion The results suggest that the characteristic deformities that occur in the hip joint of MHE patients affect the appearance of impingement syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the characteristic deformities of the hip joint in patients with MHE and to set up the treatment modality accordingly.Level of Evidence : Level III, retrospective comparative study
Maternal Overweight but Not Paternal Overweight Before Pregnancy is Associated With Shorter Newborn Telomere Length: Evidence From Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China
Authors: Wei Bincai , Shao Yantao , Liang Jun , Tang Peng , Mo Meile , Liu Bihu , Huang Huishen , Tan Hui Juan Jennifer , Huang Dongping , Liu Shun , Qiu Xiaoqiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Telomere length (TL) is variable at birth and is inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) in adulthood. A growing number of evidences suggested that a higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI results in adverse offspring health outcomes, especially shorter newborn TL. However, a newborn’s genetic endowment is equally derived from both parents, the association between parental pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn TL has been rarely discussed. We aimed to determine the association between parental pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn TL. Methods: A total of 1082 parent-newborn pairs were recruited from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort (GZBC). TL in cord blood was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and expressed as the ratio of telomere copy number to single-copy gene number (T/S). A series of linear regressions were performed to assess the associations between parental pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn TL.Results: Mothers who were overweight before pregnancy had significantly shorter cord blood telomere length in their newborns than those who were normal weight before pregnancy [percentage change: −8.17% (95% CI: −14.69 to −0.92%; P=0.028)]. Further analysis of the combined effects of parental weight status on newborn TL showed that TL was significantly shortened among newborns whose mothers were overweight and fathers were of healthy weight when compared with those whose mothers and fathers were both of normal weight [percentage change: −8.59% (95% CI: −15.47 to −1.14%; P=0.025)]. Subgroup analysis indicated these effects were more pronounced among male newborns and those whose paternal age <31 years or maternal age ≥28 years at delivery. Conclusions: Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, but not paternal pre-pregnancy overweight is associated with shorter newborn TL. Weight control in reproductive women and effective eugenics intervention programs may be of particular benefit for improving longevity and life quality of offspring.
Missed Nursing Care and Associated Factors Among Nurses in Public Hospitals, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Deressa Beshea Gelana , Hailu Fikadu Balcha , Gizaw Admasu Belay , Khali Kidus Yitbarek , Nagasa Desalegn Tamiru , Tefera Gelila Abraham , Germosa Gugsa Nemera , Kitila Sena Belina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Nursing care play essential role in determining quality health care services and patient outcomes. Missed nursing care (MNC) is any required patient care omitted in part or in whole, or significantly delayed by nurses. There is paucity of studies addressing Missed nursing care in hospital setting in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to identify amount, type and distribution of missed nursing care across public hospital in southwestern Ethiopia.Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study using quantitative methods was conducted in eight public hospitals found in south west Ethiopia from March to April, 2018 using a modified miss care survey tool. All nurses working in inpatient units (422) were requested to participate and 386 of them respond to questioner, yield response rate of (91.4%). Descriptive statistics was performed for socio-demographic and work related characteristics. Multivariable linear regression was conducted using SPSS version 20 to identify the potential predictors of missed nursing care.Result: The average score for missed nursing care was 63.24 out of 120 (95 % CI 62.2–64.3) and the average emerged for each nursing intervention was 2.6 out of 5 (95 % CI 2.59–2.68). From the items of nursing interventions assessed, 289(74%) of nursing staff reported ambulation of patient of as the most frequently MNC, while only 134(34.7%) of nursing staff reported wound care procedure was frequently missed. Basic care intervention dimension was found to be the most frequently missed dimension with mean score of (2.86B0.5) and individual need care intervention dimension lowest mean score (2.41a0.4).Female in gender (β = -1.828, p < 0.001), working in tertiary hospital (β = -3.576, p = 0.001) and increased satisfaction to the level of team work (β = -2.635, p = 0.001) showed significant and protective factor for missed nursing care. Whereas absent from work (β = 10.337, p < 0.001) and increased patient load (β = .253, p = 0.003) found to be contributing factor for the overall MNC.Conclusion and recommendation: Essential Nursing cares are being missed frequently by significant proportion of nurses. This indicates the need to collaborative effort to reduce occurrence of MNC and improve quality nursing care.