bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a behavior-centered design strategy for creating demand for oral PrEP among young women in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Morton Jennifer F. , Myers Laura , Gill Katherine , Bekker Linda-Gail , Stein Gabrielle , Thomas Katherine K. , Duyver Menna , van der Straten Ariane , McConnell Margaret , Aunger Robert , Curtis Valerie , de Witt Huberts Jessie , Van Damme Lut , Baeten Jared M. , Celum Connie 
Published: July 2020

Background: There is an urgent need to find effective interventions that reduce young South African women’s vulnerability to HIV, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective when taken consistently. As national programs in Africa launch PrEP programs for young women, it is critical to understand how to effectively create awareness, stimulate interest, and increase uptake of PrEP. Methods: Behavior-centered design (BCD) guided the development of a PrEP social marketing campaign for young women. Ethnographic observations, in-depth interviews, and focus-group discussions with young South African women informed the content and design of a 90-second PrEP demand creation video and two informational brochures. A short survey was administered to young women at their homes after watching a video to evaluate PrEP interest. Of 800 households with a 16-25-year-old female identified from a Cape Town township census, 320 women in these households viewed the video and completed a survey about the video and their interest in PrEP. Results: In focus groups, young women from the township preferred local characters and messaging that was empowering, simple, and motivational. From the household survey of young women who viewed the video, most reported interest in learning more about PrEP (67.7% ‘definitely interested’ and 9.4% ‘somewhat interested’) and taking PrEP (56.4% ‘definitely interested’ and 12.5% ‘somewhat interested’). Factors significantly associated with interest in taking PrEP were having a primary partner with whom they regularly have sex (80.0% vs. 65.2% without a primary partner; adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.1, 95% CI: 1.3, 7.0) and being in a sexual partnership for <6 months (86.8% vs. 68.5% for >12 months; AOR=3.0, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.3). Conclusions: A positively framed PrEP demand creation video generated high interest in PrEP among young South African women, particularly among women with a primary partner and a shorter-term relationship. Registration: NCT03142256; registered on 5 May 2017.
Does Granting the Jordanian Government Exceptional Authorities in its Contracts Achieve the Economic Growth and Public Interest?
Authors: AL-SHIBLI Farouq Saber 
Published: July 2020

Inadequate public funding and budgetary constraints are among the major problems that limit many governments’ abilities to finance infrastructure projects and offer services to the public. Recently many countries are seeking the involvement of their private sector through an agreement known as (administrative contract) to provide the public projects fund.
The concept of administrative contracts is based on granting the government exceptional authorities that makes it the more powerful party in the contract and therefore capable of forcing contractors to carry out the public projects efficiently. Nevertheless, the private sector companies are not always willing to engage in a contract with the government, as there is a belief that the administration may misuse its exceptional privileges.
The main objective of this paper is to examine methods available to guarantee the implementation of administrative contracts in a manner that achieves the best delivery of public services to the people from one hand, and to help the private sector to establish contracts with the government and provide them some guarantees for their investments from another hand. Accordingly, this article is based on the analytical legal research methodology to make a critical evaluation of the main obstacles facing administrative contracts in Jordan, and provide recommendations that may help avoiding the current prevailing issues.
State and Prospects of the Securities Market in the Developing Economy (on the Example of Kazakhstan)
Authors: KULBOSYNOVNA Nurasheva Kulyanda , ASKARBEKOVNA Kulanova Darikul , IMANBAEVNA Abdikerimova Gulzhanar , TOIMAKHAMBETOVNA Mergenbayeva Aziza 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research is to study the economic environment and determine the possibilities of issuing and circulating municipal bonds. The methods used were information sampling, its grouping, system and statistical analysis, comparison of indicators and logical conclusions. It has been determined that the large quasi-public sector, the feebleness of development institutions, the instability of the banking sector, and the uneven development of regions impede the formation of the stock market. Low household incomes, inflation and depreciation of the national currency reduce investment opportunities. The risks of buying securities by the population are not calculated, there are no clear guarantees for the rights of ordinary shareholders, the return of funds causes problems due to imperfect legislation.
In order to substantiate the true opportunities and desires of people to spend money on the purchase of securities, questionnaires and interviews were conducted among representatives of various social groups. The study showed that citizens are willing to buy bonds, but first it is needed to create an innovative economy and implement attractive projects in the regions for the population in order to fully launch the stock market. In the current scheme for issuing municipal bonds, only the quasi-public sector is involved. To attract the investments from pension funds, insurance companies, small investors (population), the authors recommend a scheme of business processes for issuing and circulating bonds. The problems and proposals discussed are of interest to post-Soviet countries, which are facing with the need to develop the stock market.
Development of the Institution of Arbitration in Kazakhstan: Problems of Theory and Practice
Authors: SHAIMENOVA Ardak , ILYASSOVA Gulzhazira , KLYUYEVA Yevgeniya , KHASHIMOVA Ainura 
Published: July 2020

The article discusses current issues of the application of the legislation of Kazakhstan on arbitration, provides statistical data on the results of consideration of cases on the cancellation of arbitral awards, on the enforcement of arbitral awards and identifies some problems of theory and practice in this area.
The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of judicial practice on the abolition of arbitral awards, as well as issues related to their enforcement, proposals have been developed on the formation of a uniform judicial practice and improvement of legislation. The work uses general scientific and special research methods: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, induction, deduction, logical and comparative legal method. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that, in general, the norms of the Law of Kazakhstan ‘On Arbitration’, the Civil Procedure Code of Kazakhstan on the procedures for canceling arbitration decisions, recognition and enforcement of decisions of foreign arbitrations are consistent with international treaties.
Analisis Eksistensi Benda Cagar Budaya Dalam Tata Ruang Kota Guna Mendukung Pelestariannya di Kota Surakarta.
Authors: Wardani Nindya Ayu , Barus Baba , Nurisyah Siti 
Published: July 2020

The City of Surakarta, one of National Activity Center and also known as Eco Cultural City, has 171 cultural heritage objects have to be preserved. City development that leads to modernization, physically, is a threat to the existence of those cultural heritage objects.To minimize lost of these valuable objects, risk management method, which is based on the interaction between their vulnerability and hazard, could be carried out. This study was aimed to identify and categorize cultural heritage objects at the city, to analyze the risk of losing of cultural heritage objects, and to recommend future city spatial planning in relation to cultural heritage objects. This research was conducted through visual classification techniques on high resolution satellite imagery, Weighted Overlay, Overlay Analysis and Descriptive Analysis. Surakarta City's cultural heritage objects mostly have 100-200 years old which is dominated by traditional Javanese architectural styles. Cultural heritage objects are not fully in good condition, as many as 35 units were partially damaged, 9 units suffered total damage, and 5 units have experienced modernization. A total of 33 cultural heritage objects covered an area of 886,556 square meters (46.09%) are at a high risk of losing their existence. To protect the existence of cultural heritage, the result research should to considered of the city developtment program.
Mysticism in Tibetan Buddhism. A study into the Path of Insight
Authors: Wysocki Adam 
Published: July 2020

Wysocki Adam, Mysticism in Tibetan Buddhism. A study into the Path of Insight. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 183–201, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.12.
The Path of Insight is a spiritual path of Tibetan Buddhism tradition. The fundamental part consists of three elements, such like: preliminary practices, the tranquility meditation and the penetrating insight meditation. However, counted three parts one ought to perceive as aspects of one process aiming to realize of the soteriology purpose. The achievement of the non-dual state has its own development process, which consists experience of the non-dual state, stabilise it and then development of it. Outline of development process is contained in the Path o Insight and relies on exceeding of subjective-objective divisibility. It isperceived as an effect of the ignorance of true nature of the individual. The achievement of the non-dual state, that is nature of the mind (tib. sems nyid) constitutes the purpose of the Path of Insight and it is described by concept-symbol called mahamudra.
Analysis of discourse on education and rehabilitation of people with disabilities coupled in the Czech Republic.
Authors: Kasprzak Tomasz 
Published: July 2020

Kasprzak Tomasz, Analysis of discourse on education and rehabilitation of people with disabilities coupled in the Czech Republic. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 225–234, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.14.
At the core of the Czech education system and rehabilitation for people with multiple disabilities to the assumption that this is a group that requires a specialized approach to this issue. The main purpose of the text is to present the organization of education of people with multiple disability in the Czech Republic. Education and rehabilitation with the participation of people with multiple disabilities encourages to undertake research related to the dynamics of changes as well as their size. This work is an attempt to show how various factors have shaped the current form of education of people with multiple disability in the Czech Republic.
Academic youth as a representative of a new phase in a social development. On the condition of identity in early adulthood1
Authors: Ławiak Alicja 
Published: July 2020

Ławiak Alicja, Academic youth as a representative of a new phase in a social development. About the condition of identity in youthfulness. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 235–244, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.15.
The post-modern reality, including the multitude of changes and expanding volumes of offers force the individual to continually redefine themselves. A person existing in contemporary reality is permanently on the search for their identity, in order to finally find the most suitable one, which (as it usually turns out nowadays) does not exist. Youths make a choice within the range of education offers. They more often than not decide to study, with studying being the reason for delaying the moment of entry into adulthood and taking over social roles that are specific for the period of young adulthood. In making this choice, young people enter the phase of so-called emerging adulthood, which for a while now has been a new, separate phase of development, fitting in between adolescence and young adulthood. They are not passing through the complex process of puberty any more, however, they do not always have a mature identity. They find themselves in a period characterised by intense exploration. The article attempts to describe the specifics of this stage, additionally presenting an overview of studies on the mode of coping with issues of identification characterising the early adulthood period.
Aleksander Lazursky’s personality concept: from inclinations to relations. Problem of personality: Petersburg School of Psychology
Authors: Leontiev Dmitry , Kondrat Aleksandra 
Published: July 2020

Leontiev Dmitry, Aleksander Lazursky’s personality concept: from inclinations to relations. Problem of personality: Petersburg School of Psychology. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 55–69, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.4.
The article discusses the dynamics of psychological views of A.F. Lazursky (1874-1917), author of one of the first theories of personality in the world of psychology. There are two stages in Lazursky’s work: the first is associated with the concept of nature as an internal individually-typological basis of personality, and the second one is determined by introduction and more intensive development of ideas about an attitude towards the world as an important component of the personality structure. The primary aim of the article is to highlight the role of Lazursky in international psychology.
Able-bodied vs. disabled people – infrahumanisation of students with disabilities (a case study)1
Authors: Bełza-Gajdzica Magdalena 
Published: July 2020

Bełza-Gajdzica Magdalena, Able-bodied vs. disabled people – infrahumanisation of students with disabilities(a case study). Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 71–83, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2019.16.5.
The article discusses the phenomenon of infrahumanisation in academic relations between able-bodied people (both students and academics) and students with disabilities. The main goal of the article is to show that infrahumanisation may make it difficult for young people with disabilities to build their capital for the future in the form of interpersonal relations. The paper uses Arnold van Gennep’s concept of the rite of passage as a model of entering adulthood, and focuses specifically on the stage of university education as the one which completes the transition into adulthood, and marks the beginning of a “normal” life (i.e. one consistent with social expectations). The phenomenon of infrahumanisation shown here on various levelsof academic life disrupts this process, and may hinder the inclusion/integration of disabled people into society. The relations between disabled students and non-disabled people who are part of the academic community in which the students operate may, however, also bridge the distance between the two groups, and thus contribute to paving the way to a respectful society, i.e. the way of equality.
Contemporary interpersonal relations that demand dialogue
Authors: Ściupider-Młodkowska Mirosława 
Published: July 2020

Ściupider-Młodkowska Mirosława, Contemporary interpersonal relations that demand dialogue. Culture – Society – Education no 2(16) 2019, Poznań 2019, pp. 85–93,Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI10.14746/kse.2019.16.6.
The aim of the article is to answer the question of why contemporary interpersonal relationships need dialogue in cultural and social transformations ?
The article is based on the conclusions of the author’s research carried out among a selected group of students revealing the characteristics of homo construens. Young people who took part in the research directed (constructed) the scripts of partnership and family biographies as free, original and willing to change. On the other hand, the same scripts unmasked loneliness and a huge need for recognition in the world of cultural and narcissistic demands for self-actualisation, satisfaction and a sense of fulfilmentin the spheres of partnerships and family. The need for dialogue requires pedagogical support that will revealthe values of community, social groups and partnerships.
Characteristics of selected measures of stress triaxiality near the crack tip for 145Cr6 steel - 3D issues for stationary cracks
Authors: Graba Marcin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the paper the numerical analysis of the stress fields for 145Cr6 steel, near crack tip is presented, based on three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) analysis. The FEM analysis is focused on SEN(B) specimens with relative crack length a/W ≈ 0.30. In addition to the presentation of the normal components of the stress tensor, the paper presents selected measures of stress triaxiality parameters, measured for the value of the J-integral, corresponding to the experimentally determined fracture toughness, denoted as JIC
, which is considered to be a material constant or material characteristic [1, 2]. Presented topic is a continuation of papers [3, 4],whichwere based on experimental analysis, presented in [5].
Comparison of strength and stiffness parameters of purlins with different cross-sections of profiles
Authors: Wojnar Andrzej , Sieńkowska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article presents comparative analyzes aimed at determining the optimal cross-section used in cold-formed steel purlins. The geometrical characteristics, bending resistance and self-weight of channel, zeta and hat cross-sections were compared. The calculations were made using Dlubal SHAPE-THIN software for the bending by the main axis y-y and z-z. The characteristics for the gross and effective cross-section were determined. Based on the first stage analyzes, a significant decrease in cross-sectional bending resistant was observed as a result of a local buckling. The solution to this problem may be the use of intermediate stiffeners. In the second stage, analysis of the impact of the intermediate stiffeners’ locations on the characteristics of hat sections were conducted. Additional intermediate stiffeners on the webs, on the upper chord, and on the webs and upper chord (together) were considered. A significant effect on the bending resistant with a small increase in the element’s self-weight has been demonstrated. In the third stage, the characteristics of a channel, zeta and hat profile with intermediate longitudinal stiffener in the middle of the web were compared. The performed analyzes demonstrated that the hat cross-section shows a significant advantage in bending by the main axis z-z. This advantage can be used in case of lack of protection against lateral torsional buckling and a larger degree of roof slope.
Real estate data for Germany (RWI-GEO-RED)
Authors: Breidenbach Philipp , Schaffner Sandra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The development and conditions of the housing market are an important part of economic research, receiving growing attention also in Germany. The RWI-GEO-RED dataset covers data for the German residential housing market from 2007 onwards on 1 km² level and closes the gap for small-scale, nationwide and up-to-date housing data for Germany. The data has a large potential in analyzing the real estate market itself or to evaluate policy interventions through treatments on small regional levels. Prominent examples are the closing of nuclear power plants and the German rent control. The dataset can be used on its own but also has a large potential for combination with different data. The dataset is provided by the FDZ Ruhr at RWI that hosts small-scale regional data for Germany. The data can be obtained for scientific research as scientific use file.
A two-grid method with backtracking for the mixed Stokes/Darcy model
Authors: Du Guangzhi , Zuo Liyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a two-grid method with backtracking is proposed and investigated for the mixed Stokes/Darcy system which describes a fluid flow coupled with a porous media flow. Based on the classical two-grid method [15], a coarse mesh correction is carried out to derive optimal error bounds for the velocity field and the piezometric head in L
2 norm. Finally, results of numerical experiments are provided to support the theoretical results.
Analysis ofF-contractions in function weighted metric spaces with an application
Authors: Ma Zhenhua , Asif Awais , Aydi Hassen , Khan Sami Ullah , Arshad Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we show that the existence of fixed points ofF-contraction mappings in function weighted metric spaces can be ensured without third condition(F3)(F3)imposed on Wardowski functionF:(0, ∞)→ℜF\mathrm{:(0,\hspace{0.33em}}\infty )\to \Re. The present article investigates (common) fixed points of rational typeF-contractions for single-valued mappings. The article employs Jleli and Samet’s perspective of a new generalization of a metric space, known as a function weighted metric space. The article imposes the contractive condition locally on the closed ball, as well as, globally on the whole space. The study provides two examples in support of the results. The presented theorems reveal some important corollaries. Moreover, the findings further show the usefulness of fixed point theorems in dynamic programming, which is widely used in optimization and computer programming. Thus, the present study extends and generalizes related previous results in the literature in an empirical perspective.
Robust optical physical unclonable function using disordered photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Bin Tarik Farhan , Famili Azadeh , Lao Yingjie , Ryckman Judson D. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Physical unclonable function (PUF) has emerged as a promising and important security primitive for use in modern systems and devices, due to their increasingly embedded, distributed, unsupervised, and physically exposed nature. However, optical PUFs based on speckle patterns, chaos, or ‘strong’ disorder are so far notoriously sensitive to probing and/or environmental variations. Here we report an optical PUF designed for robustness against fluctuations in optical angular/spatial alignment, polarization, and temperature. This is achieved using an integrated quasicrystal interferometer (QCI) which sensitively probes disorder while: (1) ensuring all modes are engineered to exhibit approximately the same confinement factor in the predominant thermo-optic medium (e. g. silicon), and (2) constraining the transverse spatial-mode and polarization degrees of freedom. This demonstration unveils a new means for amplifying and harnessing the effects of ‘weak’ disorder in photonics and is an important and enabling step toward new generations of optics-enabled hardware and information security devices.