bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of salivary gland tumor using diffusion-weighted imaging with a fractional order calculus model
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhu Liu-Ning , Dai Yong-Ming , Jiang Jia-Suo , Bu Shou-Shan , Xu Xiao-Quan , Wu Fei-Yun 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the feasibility of using imaging parameters (D, β and μ) obtained from fractional order calculus (FROC) diffusion model to differentiate salivary gland tumors.

Methods:
15 b-value (0–2000 s/mm2) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was scanned in 62 patients with salivary gland tumors (47 benign and 15 malignant). Diffusion coefficient D, fractional order parameter β (which correlates with tissue heterogeneity) and a microstructural quantity μ of the solid portion within the tumor were calculated, and compared between benign and malignant groups, or among pleomorphic adenoma (PA), Warthin’s tumor (WT), and malignant tumor (MT) groups. Performance of FROC parameters for differentiation was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results:
None of the FROC parameters exhibited significant differences between benign and malignant group (D, p = 0.150; β, p = 0.967; μ, p = 0.693). WT showed significantly lower D (p &lt; 0.001) and β (p &lt; 0.001), while higher μ (p = 0.001) than PA. Combination of D, β and μ showed optimal diagnostic performance (area under the curve, AUC, 0.998). MT showed significantly lower D (p = 0.001) and β (p = 0.025) than PA, while no significant difference was found on μ (p = 0.064). Combination of D and β showed optimal diagnostic performance (AUC, 0.933). Significant difference was found on β (p = 0.027) between MT and WT, while not on D (p = 0.806) and μ (p = 0.789). Setting a βof 0.615 as the cut-off value, optimal diagnostic performance could be obtained (AUC = 0.806).

Conclusion:
A non-Gaussian FROC diffusion model can serve as a noninvasive and quantitative imaging technique for differentiating salivary gland tumors.

Advances in knowledge:
(1) PA showed higher D and β and lower μ than WT. (2) PA had higher D and β than MT. (3) WT demonstrated lower β than MT. (4) β, as a new FROC parameter, could offer an added value to the differentiation.
Index Option Trading Activity and Market Returns
Authors: Chordia Tarun , Kurov Alexander , Muravyev Dmitriy , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar 
Published: July 2020

Do order flows in index derivatives play an informational role? Weekly index put order flow on the International Securities Exchange positively and robustly predicts weekly S&P 500 index returns. This result obtains mainly for net put buying and is stronger in high VIX periods and in periods following macroeconomic announcements. We explore rationales for our findings, which include investor sentiment, the notion that market makers trade on information in options markets, and option-based risk protection strategies used by retail investors. The last explanation accords best with our analysis. This paper was accepted by Tyler Shumway, finance.
What barriers prevent health professionals screening women for domestic abuse? A literature review
Authors: Kirk Leah , Bezzant Kim 
Published: July 2020

Background: Domestic abuse is known to affect one in four women (although it is difficult to quantify) and has significant short- and long-term health implications. As people who often have regular contact with women in a variety of circumstances, including routine appointments, health professionals, particularly nurses and midwives, are in an ideal position to screen women for domestic abuse. However, it is recognised that there is a reluctance by some health professionals to undertake this important role. Aim: To identify the potential barriers preventing health professionals from screening women for domestic abuse and to consider how these barriers could be overcome. Method: A literature review of electronic databases using predetermined search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria was undertaken. Seven studies were identified for review, consisting of five qualitative and two quantitative pieces of research. Conclusion: Several barriers to screening by health professionals were identified, including lack of training, education, time, privacy, guidelines, policies and support from the employer, with the most prevalent of these being a lack of training and education. Further research is required, specifically within the UK, to provide more details about how these barriers might be addressed.
Efficacy and safety of dabigatran for venous thrombosis prophylaxis after knee replacement surgery in Thai patients: a prospective non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Intiyanaravut Tawan , Thongpulsawasdi Nimit , Sinthuvanich Napol , Songtaweesap Sasikarn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Dabigatran, a direct oral anticoagulant, has been approved for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after orthopedic surgery in many countries. The efficacy and safety of this agent were most studied in Western countries.

Objective
To assess the efficacy and safety of dabigatran in preventing venous thromboembolic diseases after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in Asian patients.

Methods
We conducted a prospective nonrandomized controlled study in Thai patients undergoing TKA. Thirty-two patients received 220 mg of dabigatran once daily for 14 days as thromboprophylaxis and 32 patients in the control group received none. The primary efficacy outcome was deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which was identified by color Doppler ultrasonography and/or diagnosed pulmonary embolism (PE). The primary safety outcomes were major bleeding and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding events.

Results
There were no DVTs or PEs diagnosed in either group. The difference in the composite incidence of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleedings between the dabigatran and control groups did not reach significant (6.2% vs. 0%, P = 0.15).

Conclusion
Dabigatran might have no clear benefit for the prevention of VTE after TKA in Thai patients. We do not recommend the routine use of dabigatran as a chemical thromboprophylaxis after TKA in Thai patients. To determine the safety profile, further study with larger sample sizes is required.
Paradise Lost: Accounting Narratives Without Numbers
Authors: Abela Mario 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRegulations addressing corporate reporting in the United Kingdom require reporting entities to disclose their business model in their Strategic Report. The business model is intended as the organising concept for the non-financial disclosures, with its principal role being to explain how the reporting entity creates value for stakeholders. The business model concept has become a pervasive concept for corporate reporting with global organisations such as the IIRC, AICPA and IFAC emphasising it central role in external reporting. Using interviews conducted with FTSE 350 company executives and others in the reporting ecosystem, this paper analyses the extent to which responses from the interviewees align with the economic and strategic management literature framing the conceptualisation of business models. It is argued in this paper that there is a powerful preformative aspect to business model reporting. It does not strengthen accountability but serves a different purpose: to colonise new arenas of value by installing unstable concepts like purpose, value and stakeholders. These business model disclosures obfuscate and provide an opportunity for managers to construct narratives that are untethered from the financial statements to create stories without numbers. This ‘reinvention’ of capitalism is more a recasting of old principles rather than ushering an era of a more enlightened view of the corporation. It is a salutary reminder that regulation of corporate reporting does not necessarily lead to improved accountability.
A Game Theoretic Analysis of the Relative Payouts to Operational Creditors and Financial Creditors from Bankruptcy Resolution in India
Authors: Prasad Rohit , Gupta Gaurav , Mathur Yogesh B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper analyses the outcomes of the cases resolved under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of India to examine the treatment of admitted claims for the two main classes of creditors i.e. operational and financial creditors. It shows that, at an aggregate level, operational creditors and financial creditors realize an equal percentage of their claims. However, at an individual level, there is wide heterogeneity in the treatment of the two classes of creditors. Three benchmark division rules – Proportional division, Constrained Equal Losses and Constrained Equal Awards, are used to characterize the actual divisions in each case. This analysis allows us to hypothesize that when aggregate claims of operational creditors are tiny, the Constrained Equal Awards (that is extremely generous to small creditors), does well. When aggregate claims of operational creditors are large, the Proportional rule does well. But when the claims of operational creditors fall in an intermediate range, the Constrained Equal Losses rule which is most unfavourable to the operational creditor comes to the fore. Hence, some broad guidelines that can be applied on a case by case basis appear to be desirable.
Trends in Life Insurance Demand and Lapse Literature
Authors: Srbinoski Bojan , Strozzi Fernanda , Poposki Klime , Born Patricia H. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes the interconnectedness and gaps between two interrelated streams of literature, evolving in different time periods, by employing bibliometric tools. The research on the factors of life insurance demand started in the late 1960s and early 1970s, while more intensive works on the drivers of lapses in life insurance appeared during the 2000s. We map the research fields using our own criteria to create clusters and visualize the flow of knowledge within and between the clusters employing citation network analysis (CNA). We contribute by providing the most comprehensive systematic review that integrates both fields, additionally encapsulating studies on the demand for policy loans. The article detects the most important drivers of life insurance policyholder behavior during his/her lifetime and opens new horizons for future research.
Transnational postgraduate students’ experience of voice and participation
Authors: Kaufhold Kathrin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article examines transnational students’ experiences of participation in European higher education by applying the notion of voice that encompasses the capacity to communicate and to be heard (Hymes 1996. Ethnography, linguistics, narrative inequality: Toward an understanding of voice. London: Taylor & Francis). Relating voice to access and participation, the article moves forward debates around incorporating students’ multilingual knowledge resources in diverse writing practices in academia. It takes into account structural and ideological conditions as well as the creative potential of translanguaging in students’ knowledge production. The instrumental case study explores the lived experiences of three multilingual students with highly diverse linguistic and educational backgrounds, who are enrolled in humanities master’s programmes at a Swedish university. It investigates the students’ perceptions of how they can make use of their linguistic and educational repertoires. The data derive from interviews around texts and audio-recorded writing diaries. The results demonstrate how translanguaging is mainly connected to writing for personal use and limited or regulated in assignment writing. They reveal multiple and contrasting ideological views on language use and knowledge, and highlight possibilities and obstacles for appropriating and recontextualising knowledge across languages, educational contexts and disciplines. The article thus connects translanguaging to questions of participation and access more broadly.
A review of foot pose and trajectory estimation methods using inertial and auxiliary sensors for kinematic gait analysis
Authors: Okkalidis Nikiforos , Camilleri Kenneth P. , Gatt Alfred , Bugeja Marvin K. , Falzon Owen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of foot mounted inertial and other auxiliary sensors for kinematic gait analysis has been extensively investigated during the last years. Although, these sensors still yield less accurate results than those obtained employing optical motion capture systems, the miniaturization and their low cost have allowed the estimation of kinematic spatiotemporal parameters in laboratory conditions and real life scenarios. The aim of this work was to present a comprehensive approach of this scientific area through a systematic literature research, breaking down the state-of-the-art methods into three main parts: (1) zero velocity interval detection techniques; (2) assumptions and sensors’ utilization; (3) foot pose and trajectory estimation methods. Published articles from 1995 until December of 2018 were searched in the PubMed, IEEE Xplore and Google Scholar databases. The research was focused on two categories: (a) zero velocity interval detection methods; and (b) foot pose and trajectory estimation methods. The employed assumptions and the potential use of the sensors have been identified from the retrieved articles. Technical characteristics, categorized methodologies, application conditions, advantages and disadvantages have been provided, while, for the first time, assumptions and sensors’ utilization have been identified, categorized and are presented in this review. Considerable progress has been achieved in gait parameters estimation on constrained laboratory environments taking into account assumptions such as a person walking on a flat floor. On the contrary, methods that rely on less constraining assumptions, and are thus applicable in daily life, led to less accurate results. Rule based methods have been mainly used for the detection of the zero velocity intervals, while more complex techniques have been proposed, which may lead to more accurate gait parameters. The review process has shown that presently the best-performing methods for gait parameter estimation make use of inertial sensors combined with auxiliary sensors such as ultrasonic sensors, proximity sensors and cameras. However, the experimental evaluation protocol was much more thorough, when single inertial sensors were used. Finally, it has been highlighted that the accuracy of setups using auxiliary sensors may further be improved by collecting measurements during the whole foot movement and not only partially as is currently the practice.This review has identified the need for research and development of methods and setups that allow for the robust estimation of kinematic gait parameters in unconstrained environments and under various gait profiles.
Seaweed resources of Korea
Authors: Hwang Eun Kyoung , Choi Han Gil , Kim Jang Kyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Korea has a long history of utilizing seaweeds, as the country has a high biodiversity of seaweeds. The abundance and composition of seaweed species have changed over the past decades due to climate change and anthropogenic influences. Some species showed a significant extension of their distribution range to the north while some species declined. Some areas have even become barren ground. Korea has put extensive effort into restoring the seaweed resources in these deforested areas. Korea is one of the most advanced countries in the World in terms of seaweed aquaculture. However, the aquacultured species are mostly limited to three genera, Saccharina, Undaria and Pyropia/Porphyra, which represent 96% of the entire seaweed production in the country. Korea has developed highly advanced cultivation technologies as well as various cultivars using breeding and hybridization technologies for these species. There has also been considerable effort in developing environmentally sustainable aquaculture systems using seaweed cultivation (e. g. integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, nutrient bioextraction and biofloc). This study discusses the current status and challenges of the above mentioned topics in detail. In addition, the present study encourages South and North Korean scientists to collaborate in the study of seaweed resources at the border of these two countries.
Exploring the possibilities of infrared spectroscopy for urine sediment examination and detection of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infections
Authors: Steenbeke Mieke , De Bruyne Sander , Boelens Jerina , Oyaert Matthijs , Glorieux Griet , Van Biesen Wim , Linjala Jere , Delanghe Joris R. , Speeckaert Marijn M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, the possibilities of Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for analysis of urine sediments and for detection of bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) were investigated.

Methods
Dried urine specimens of control subjects and patients presenting with various nephrological and urological conditions were analysed using mid-infrared spectroscopy (4,000–400 cm−1). Urine samples from patients with a UTI were inoculated on a blood agar plate. After drying of the pure bacterial colonies, FTIR was applied and compared with the results obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Chemometric data analysis was used to classify the different species.

Results
Due to the typical molecular assignments of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, FTIR was able to identify bacteria and showed promising results in the detection of proteins, lipids, white and red blood cells, as well as in the identification of crystals. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive species and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) revealed promising classification ratios between the different pathogens.

Conclusions
FTIR can be considered as a supplementary method for urine sediment examination and for detection of pathogenic bacteria in UTI.
Characteristics of the root exudate release system of typical plants in plateau lakeside wetland under phosphorus stress conditions
Authors: Duan Xu , Zhao Yang-yi , Zhang Jian-cong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, the root exudates of wetland plants, Pistia stratiotes, black algae, and Cyperus alternifolius, exposed to six phosphorus concentration gradients (0, 0.2, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L) were characterized. The experimental seedlings were cultivated in Hoagland solutions, which were then extracted, decompressed, and concentrated with CH2Cl2; subsequently, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to study the root exudates effects under different phosphorus concentrations. Results showed the existence of several organic compounds, such as alkanes, esters, alcohols, amines, benzene, and acids (phthalic acid, cycloheptasiloxane, benzoic acid, and cyclopentasiloxane) in the root exudates of the wetland plants. The relative contents of phthalate, benzene dicarboxylic acid, and cyclohexasiloxane in the root exudates first increased, and then decreased, with the change in phosphorus concentration. The relative contents of three compounds in Pistia were the highest at 1 mg/L of phosphorus, and the lowest relative contents of phthalic acid and benzene dicarboxylic acid were observed at 20 mg/L of phosphorus. However, the relative content of cyclohexasiloxane was the lowest in the absence of P stress. In black algae, the relative contents of the three compounds were 36.66, 16.24, and 14.61%, respectively. The relative content of cyclohexasiloxane in the black algae first decreased and then increased, with its lowest relative content occurring at 5 mg/L of phosphorus and the highest at 10 mg/L of phosphorus. In Cyperus alternifolius, the highest relative concentrations of the four compounds: phthalic acid, dimethyl phthalate, octadecane, and diphenyl sulfone in Cyperus were observed at 5 mg/L phosphorus and the lowest at 10 mg/L phosphorus.
Learning formulaic creativity: Chunking in verbal art and speech
Authors: Pagán Cánovas Cristóbal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe chunking problem is central to linguistics, semiotics, and poetics: How do we learn to organize a language into patterns and to use those patterns creatively? Linguistics has mainly offered two answers, one based on rule inference through innate capacities for processing and the other based on usage and on outstanding capacities for memory and retrieval. Both views are based on induction and compositionality. The Parry–Lord theory of oral composition-in-performance has argued that oral singers produce complex poems out of rehearsed improvisation through the mastery of a system of formulas, chunks that integrate phrasal, metrical, and semantic structures. The framework of formulaic creativity proposed here argues that the cognitive study of oral poetics can provide crucial insights into the chunking problem. I show the major connections between Parry–Lord and usage-based cognitive linguistics, mainly Construction Grammar and Frame Semantics. However, these approaches still remain compositional and thus struggle to model creativity and learning in oral poetry and everyday speech. The alternative is to explore a model of formulaic creativity not based on compositional patterns, but on wide learning for connecting discriminative perceptual features directly to semantic contrasts within a complex dynamic system, without the intermediation of a set of discrete units.
Efficient Stock-Market Prediction Using Ensemble Support Vector Machine
Authors: Nti Isaac Kofi , Adekoya Adebayo Felix , Weyori Benjamin Asubam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPredicting stock-price remains an important subject of discussion among financial analysts and researchers. However, the advancement in technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques has paved the way for better and accurate prediction of stock-price in recent years. Of late, Support Vector Machines (SVM) have earned popularity among Machine Learning (ML) algorithms used for predicting stock price. However, a high percentage of studies in algorithmic investments based on SVM overlooked the overfitting nature of SVM when the input dataset is of high-noise and high-dimension. Therefore, this study proposes a novel homogeneous ensemble classifier called GASVM based on support vector machine enhanced with Genetic Algorithm (GA) for feature-selection and SVM kernel parameter optimisation for predicting the stock market. The GA was introduced in this study to achieve a simultaneous optimal of the diverse design factors of the SVM. Experiments carried out with over eleven (11) years’ stock data from the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) yielded compelling results. The outcome shows that the proposed model (named GASVM) outperformed other classical ML algorithms (Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF) and Neural Network (NN)) in predicting a 10-day-ahead stock price movement. The proposed (GASVM) showed a better prediction accuracy of 93.7% compared with 82.3% (RF), 75.3% (DT), and 80.1% (NN). It can, therefore, be deduced from the fallouts that the proposed (GASVM) technique puts-up a practical approach feature-selection and parameter optimisation of the different design features of the SVM and thus remove the need for the labour-intensive parameter optimisation.