bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidences of Intra-Group Orca Call Rate Modulation Using A Small-Aperture Four Hydrophone Array
Authors: Poupard Marion , Symonds Helena , Spong Paul , Glotin Hervé 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Acoustic emissions are vital to orcas (Orcinus orca) to socialize, hunt, orient, and maintain spatial awareness. In order to better analyze their inter and intra-group communication, we propose a novel protocol that allows us to associate vocalizations with their emitter (individual/matriline). Our approach is based on a low cost small-aperture four hydrophone array fixed near the shore up to a few km away from the orcas’ path, operated in conjunction with visual identification. It was conducted in the summer of 2019 off northern Vancouver Island, Canada, at the research station OrcaLab. A total of 722 calls were extracted and localized in azimuth via the hydrophone array from 3 case studies in which different events took place.We then calculated the Call Rate (CR) for each individual/matriline in order to describe their acoustic activity. Results show that CR is modulated according to the distance of the signaler from the joint group, the presence of another group, and the anthropic pressure (nearby cruise ship). This shows evidence of intertwined calls. This protocol does not interfere with the animals and opens new perspectives towards inter and intra-group communication analysis.
Traditional Knowledge of Plant Dyeing, Sustainable Practices and Potential for Improved Techniques by Monpa in Tibet, China
Authors: Yang Rong , Zhang Yu , Ranjitkar Sailesh , Li Mingxiang , Guo Yongjie , Yan Xiuxiang , Wang Chuanfa , Stepp John Richard , Yang Lixin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNatural dyes used since historic times for coloring food, leather, textile fibers, and paint body parts. The use of natural dyes has suffered drastically under the influence of modern technologies in the textile industry and socio-economic changes. Hence, ethnobotanical studies of indigenous dye plants and dyeing craft in local communities are urged to protect their potential ecological and economic value. MethodsWe conducted semi-structured surveys on dye plants and traditional craft in 11 Monpa villages of Mêdog County, South-east Tibet, China. The cultural significance of local dye plants was evaluated by an index of cultural importance (CI). Field research was conducted to record the indigenous madder (the root of Rubia wallichiana Decne.) dyeing craft. An experiment was performed with aqueous extract and ethyl alcohol extract of residue remained after water extraction. These two dye solutions were respectively used to dye two fabrics with two biomordants and two metallic mordants by three mordanting methods. We evaluated color properties that were characterized by physicochemical evaluations using UV-visible spectroscopy and FTIR analysis. The dyed fabrics were evaluated by indicators of color strength and fastness including washing, rubbing, and perspiration. ResultsAltogether 15 species belong to 12 families were listed as dye plants, which were used in cloth and food dyeing. The CI of R. wallichiana was highest. Monpa ethnic group used madder directly or with metallic mordants. It was found experimentally that biomordants and metallic mordants were comparable in improving the dyeing properties of indigenous madder. The dyeing properties of both extracts of madder were equal or ethyl alcohol extraction was marginally better.Conclusions﻿Use of dye plants and indigenous knowledge of dyeing still present in the Monpa ethnic group. Our experiment revealed the feasibility of enhancing the dyeing property and reuse of the residue from madder dyeing. The improved dyeing and reuse of residue can improve the ecological and economic benefits of local meanwhile provide basic application research for the subsequent commercialization of plant dyes.
Frequency and Source of Worries in An International Sample of Pregnant and Postpartum Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wyszynski Diego , Hernandez-Diaz Sonia , Gordon-Dseagu Vanessa , Ramiro Noemi , Basu Archana , Kim Hannah , Koenen Karestan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPregnant and postpartum women face unique challenges and concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus far, no studies have explored the factors associated with increased levels of worry in this population globally. The current study sought to assess the frequency and sources of worry during the COVID-19 pandemic in an international sample of pregnant and postpartum women.MethodsWe conducted an anonymous, online, cross-sectional survey in 64 countries between May and June 2020. The survey was available in 12 languages and hosted on the Pregistry platform for COVID-19 studies. Participants were sought mainly on social media platforms and online parenting forums. The survey included questions related to demographics, level of worry, support, stress, COVID-19 exposure, frequency of media usage, and mental health indicators.ResultsThe study included 7,561 participants. Eighty-three percent of all participants indicated that they were either ‘somewhat’ or ‘very’ worried. Women 13-28 weeks pregnant were significantly more likely to indicate that they were ‘very worried’ compared to those who were postpartum or at other stages of pregnancy. When compared with women living in Europe, those in Africa, Asia and Pacific, North America and South/Latin America were more likely to have increased levels of worry, as were those who more frequently interacted with social media. Different forms of support and stress also had an impact upon level of worry, while indicators of stress and anxiety were positively associated with worry level.ConclusionPregnant and postpartum women are vulnerable to the changes in societal norms brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the factors associated with levels of worry within this population will enable society to address potential unmet needs and improve the current and future mental health of parents and children.
The Mediating Effects of Metabolic Traits on the Association between Abdominal Obesity and Renal Function in Older Adults
Authors: Xiao Lili , Zan Gaohui , Ge Xiaoting , Feng Xiuming , Bao Yu , Yang Xiaobo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: The deleterious effects of abdominal obesity and aging have grown into a global health issue. However, relationships between abdominal obesity and renal function with aging and underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to explore associations of abdominal obesity with renal function in older individuals and further investigate potential mechanisms of metabolic traits on them. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 4,086 participants aged 60-115 years. Generalized linear models were used to quantify dose-response relationships of abdominal obesity with metabolic traits and renal function. Mediation analysis was performed to assess mediating effects of metabolic traits in the associations between abdominal obesity and renal function. Results: We found negative dose-response relationships between waist circumstance and the estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) (P <0.05). Abdominal obesity was associated with a 1.615 (95%CI: 0.647, 2.582) decrease in the eGFR and the decline of renal function with aging was more evident among abdominal obese participants. Significant relationships were observed between abdominal obesity and metabolic traits as well as between metabolic traits and eGFR (all P <0.05). Mediation analysis suggested that triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (TCHO) partially mediated the association between abdominal obesity and eGFR, with a mediation percentage of 3.80% by LDL-C, 25.80% by TG, and 6.00% by TCHO (P <0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest individuals of abdominal obesity are more susceptible to the nephrotoxic effect with aging, and highlight the metabolic pathways, especially TG, in the link of abdominal obesity with decreased renal function.
Public Health Insurance and Maternal Health Care Utilization in India: Evidence from a 2005-2012 Mothers’ Cohort Study
Authors: Gebremedhin Tesfaye , Mohanty Itismita , Niyonsenga Theo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a conditional cash transfer program in India, incentivized women to deliver at institutions and resulted in a significant increase in institutional births. Another major health policy reform, which could have influenced maternal and child health care (MCH) utilisation, was the public health insurance scheme called Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) launched in 2008. However, there is lack of evidence on how RSBY impacted MCH utilisation in India. This study investigated the impact of health insurance (in particular, the public insurance scheme versus private insurance) on a continuum of MCH utilisation. We also investigated whether maternal empowerment was a significant correlate that affects MCH utilisation. Methods: The study used a multilevel mixed effect ordered logistic regression modelling, using a cohort of mothers whose delivery was captured in both the 2005 and 2011/12 rounds of the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS). We derived indexes for women’s empowerment using Principal component analysis (PCA) technique applied to various indicators of women’s autonomy and socio-economic status. Results: Our results indicated, mothers’ MCH utilization levels vary by district, community and mother over time. The effect of the public insurance scheme (RSBY) on MCH utilisation was not as strong as privately available insurance. However, health insurance was only significant in models that did not control for household and mother level predictors. Our findings indicated that maternal empowerment indicators – in particular, maternal ability to go out of the house and complete chores and economic empowerment - were associated with higher utilization of MCH services. Among control variables, maternal age, education and household wealth were significant correlates that increase MCH service utilization over time. Conclusions: Change in women’s and societal attitude towards maternal care may have played a significant role in increasing MCH utilisation over the study period. There might be a need to increase the coverage of the public insurance scheme given the finding that it was less effective in increasing MCH utilisation. Importantly, policies that aim to improve health services for women need to take maternal autonomy and empowerment into consideration.
Using the Health Belief Model to Analyse Murses’&nbsp;Perception Towards their Behaviours for Keeping Surgical Instruments Moist
Authors: Chen Yanhua , Hu Juan , Huang Yan , Yi Liangying , Hu Ruixue 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Because of conflicts with work schedule of central sterile supply department (CSSD), surgical instruments might not be immediately cleaned or sterilized by CSSD staff members after use. If surgical instruments are not kept appropriately moist, tarnish or rusting may occur on the instruments, which will not only affect cleaning quality, but also shorten the normal service life of the instruments. Nurses’ perception towards their behaviours for keeping surgical instruments moist has been rarely studied. We aimed to use the health belief model to analyse nurses’ perception towards their behaviours for keeping surgical instruments moist. Methods: The survey utilising a general information questionnaire, and a self-designed nurses’ perception-behaviour scale for keeping surgical instruments moist was conducted with 360 nurses from the West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University. Data was gathered with cluster sampling, and analysed in SPSS20.0. Results: Total score of nurses’ perception-behaviour scale for keeping surgical instruments moist was 139.93±15.145, among which mean score for perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy was 4.49±0.57, 4.62±0.48, 4.57±0.52, 3.47±0.94 and 4.16±0.66, respectively. Single factor analysis showed that score of nurses’ perception-behaviour scale for keeping surgical instruments moist varied with age, length of service and job title, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that length of service was the main factor affecting nurses’ perception towards their behaviours for keeping surgical instruments moist. Conclusion: Nurses should be offered intensive training on keeping surgical instruments moist due to their inadequate perception on it. However, an increase in knowledge does not necessarily bring behavior change. The nurses’ change in health beliefs and behaviours must be based upon developing the right attitude. As a result, they could realize the benefits of keeping surgical instruments moist, identify the barriers, and finally obtain the solutions.
Self-reported pain scores as a predictor of preterm birth in symptomatic twin pregnancy: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Ji Hoi , Lee Seung Mi , Lee Sungyoung , Kim So Yeon , Hue Hye Jeong , Park Chan-Wook , Park Joong Shin , Jun Jong Kwan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the self-reported pain scores as a predictor of preterm birth (PTB) in symptomatic twin pregnancy and to develop a nomogram for the prediction model. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 148 cases of symptomatic twin pregnancies before 34 weeks of gestation visited at Seoul national university hospital from 2013 to 2018. With other clinical factors, self-reported pain score was evaluated by the numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores for pain intensity. By multivariate analyses and logistic regression, we developed a prediction model for PTB within 7 days. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, the curves were plotted to show the predictability of the PTB according to NRS pain score, while adjusting the other covariates. Results: 23 patients (15.5%) delivered preterm within 7 days. By a logistic regression analysis, higher NRS pain score (OR 1.558, 95% CI 1.093-2.221, P<0.05), shorter cervical length (OR 3.164, 95% CI 1.262-7.936, P<0.05) and positive fibronectin results (OR 8.799, 95% CI 1.101-70.330, P<0.05) affect PTB within 7 days. Using the variables, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the prediction model was 0.917. In addition, we developed a nomogram for the prediction of PTB within 7 days. Conclusions: Self-reported pain scores combined with cervical length and fetal fibronectin are useful in predicting impending PTB in symptomatic twin pregnancy.
On The Use of Dense Seismo-Acoustic Network to Provide Timely Early Warning of Volcanic Eruptions
Authors: Pichon Alexis Le , Pilger Christoph , Ceranna Lars , Marchetti Emanuele , Souty Viviane , Vergoz Julien , Listoswski Constantino , Hernandez Bruno , Mazet-Roux Gilles , Dupont Aurelien , Hereil Philippe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Stromboli volcano is well known for its persistent explosive activity. On July 3rd and August 28th 2019, two paroxysmal explosions occurred, generating an eruptive column that quickly rose up to 5 km above sea level. For the first eruption, the Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) issued a volcanic ash advisory to the civil aviation users with a two-hour delay. The various processes of these events were monitored in the near and far fields by infrasonic arrays up to distance of 3700 km and by the Italian national seismic network at a range of hundreds of kilometres. Using state-of-the-art propagation modelling, we identify the various seismic and infrasound phases for precise timing of the eruptions. We highlight the advantage of a dense seismo-acoustic network to enhance the monitoring capability of a global network at a regional scale for providing both a reliable source characterisation and a timely early warning to VAACs.
Drug use Pattern and Antenatal Care Utilization Among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia
Authors: Asmamaw Getahun , Ayenew Wondim , Tewuhibo Dinksew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Taking medications during pregnancy can harm both the mother and fetus. However, avoiding drug utilization is a difficult due chance to occur maternal complications. The irrational use of medicine remains to worsen in developing countries. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the medication use pattern and its determinants among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods: This study used the national representative secondary data obtained from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic health survey (DHSprogram.com/Data). Simple descriptive statistics were used to present the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were performed consecutively to examine the significant statistical association between medication use and independent variables. Variables p < 0.25 during bivariate analysis were further analyzed with a multivariate regression model. A significant statistical association was detected if p < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval (CI). The 95% CIs and Odds ratios (OR) were also calculated for significant variables in bivariate regression. Stata/SE 14.2 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Results: About 10,29 (91.8%) of surveyed pregnant had taken at least one prescription drug. Thus, supplementary drugs were dominant (34% of iron folate). The prevalence of non supplementary drugs such as anthelmintic (15.3%), antibiotics (6%) followed by antimalarial (1.7%) drugs. Less than half 380 (34%) pregnant had received antenatal care (ANC) during their pregnancy. Thus, the majority of 364 (96%) of them received the ANC service at public health sectors. Most pregnant were in the second trimester when they started ANC. Pregnant aged from 35-49 years used drugs less likely by 65% (OR = 0.35, 95% CI =0.069-1.772) compared to younger pregnant. Poorer mothers were more likely to take medications by 53% (OR=0.47, 95% CI = 0.218-1.628) than middle income. The majority of pregnant were used medication during the second trimester (39.3%) followed by the third trimester (38.5%). Conclusion: The utilization of ANC was lower among pregnant women. Hence, increasing the coverage and utilization of ANC services is needed to improve the consumption of supplements and other preventive chemotherapy. Likewise, to expand the ANC service channel is important to monitor the irrational drug use of pregnant.
Person Re-Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network and Autoencoder Embedded on Frameworks Based on Siamese and Triplet Networks
Authors: Enembreck Fábia Isabella Pires , de Morais Erikson Freitas , Martins Marcella Scoczynski Ribeiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The person re-identification problem addresses the task of identify if a person being watched by security cameras in surveillance environments has ever been in the scene. This problem is considered challenging, since the images obtained by cameras are subject to many variations, such as lighting, perspective and occlusions. This work aims to develop two robust approaches based on deep learning techniques for person re-identification, considering these variations. The first approach uses a Siamese neural network composed by two identical subnets. This model receives two input images that may or may not be from the same person. The second approach consists of a triplet neural network, with three identical subnets, which receives a reference image from a certain person, a second image from the same person and another image from a different person. Both approaches have identical subnets, composed by a convolutional neural network which extracts general characteristics from each image and an autoencoder model, responsible for addressing high variations that input images may undergo. To compare the developed networks, three datasets were used, and the accuracy and the CMC curve metrics were applied for the analysis. The experiments showed an improvement in the results with the use of the autoencoder in the subnets. Besides, Triplet Neural Network presented promising results in comparison with Siamese Neural Network and state-of-the-art methods.
Investigations on the Potential of Optical Coherence Tomography as an Imaging Tool for Eustachian Tube
Authors: Sun Xiao-Mei , Luo Jia-Qi , Xiao Zhi-Wen , Gu BA Qing-Yu , Lan BA Lin-Chan , Zhang Hui-Qing , Zhang Guan-Ping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of eustachian tube optical coherence tomography (ET-OCT) for the pharyngeal region of the eustachian tube. Ten subjects with ear complaint accepted ET-OCT with the guidance of nasal endoscopy, and ET-OCT examination was performed on both sides of each subject's eustachian tubes. Operation process and images were analyzed. 10 subjects ranged from 21 to 73 years old (45 ± 14.77) were enrolled in this study. Eighteen ET-OCT imaging were completed. The mean duration of each examination was 2.80 ± 1.62 min (ranged from 2 to 7min). There was no adverse event or complication. In some subjects, the ET-OCT images presented clear eustachian tube wall microstructure, including distinct lumen, mucosa, submucosa, cartilage and plica. But in some subjects, it showed different characteristics, such as unclear hierarchy, secretions in the lumen. ET-OCT may help to distinguish eustachian tube structural composition and elucidate its pathophysiological mechanism. It is a valuable imaging tool suit for the eustachian tube, and it shows potential diagnostic value in determining luminal morphology, intraluminal mucosa and submucosal tissue in the pharyngeal region of the eustachian tube.
Comprehensive Analysis of IgA&nbsp;Nephropathy Expression Profiles: Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Gholaminejad Alieh , Gheisari Yousof , Jalali Sedigheh , Roointan Amir 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a kidney disease recognized by the presence of IgA antibody depositions in kidneys. The underlying mechanisms of this complicated disease is remained to be more explored and still there is an urgent need for discovery of noninvasive biomarkers for its diagnosis. In this investigation, an integrative approach was applied on mRNA and miRNA expression profiles in PBMCs to discover a gene signature and novel potential targets/biomarkers in IgAN.Methods: Datasets were selected from gene expression omnibus database. After quality control checking, two datasets were analyzed by Limma to identify differentially expressed genes/miRNAs (DEGs and DEmiRs). Following identification of DEmiR-target genes and data integration, intersecting mRNAs were subjected to different bioinformatic analyses. The intersecting mRNAs, DEmiRs, related transcription factors (from TRRUST database) and long-non coding RNAs (from LncTarD database) were used for construction of a multilayer regulatory network via Cytoscape.Result: “GSE25590” (miRNA) and “GSE73953” (mRNA) datasets were analyzed and after integration, 628 intersecting mRNAs were identified. The mRNAs were mainly associated with “Innate immune system”, “Apoptosis”, as well as “NGF signaling” pathways. A multilayer regulatory network was constructed and several hub-DEGs (Tp53, STAT3, Jun, etc.), DEmiRs (miR-124, let-7b, etc.), TFs (NF-kB, etc.), and lncRNAs (HOTAIR, etc.) were introduced as potential factors in the pathogenesis of IgAN.Conclusion: Integration of two different expression datasets and construction of a multilayer regulatory network not only provided a deeper insight into the pathogenesis of IgAN, but also introduced several key molecules as potential therapeutic target/non-invasive biomarkers.