bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the antioxidant indexes (FRAP, TFC, TPC) of scabbing resistant apple varieties in storage
Authors: Orosz-Tóth Mihály , Kincses Sándorné 
Published: May 2020

One of the most important groups of bioactive substances in apples are antioxidants, which have a health-preserving effect. The amount of these compounds varies not only during the ripening of the apple fruit, but also continuously during post-harvest storage. A growing group of health-conscious consumers are looking for apple varieties with a nutritional value that satisfies their needs.
In the scope of our research, we examined 5 apple varieties originating from the Derecske horticultural site of KITE cPlc. in 2016. The plantation was planted to be suitable for intensive apple production. Samples were collected at the time of maturity (August-October) of the given variety. The 5 examined apple varieties (Gaia, Isaaq, Modí, Smeralda and Fujion) are all resistant to apple scab (fungal disease caused by Venturia inaequalis). The 2-month storage experiment was conducted at 16–17 °C, which had an aggressive effect on our stored apples. Total polyphenol (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content as well as FRAP values of the apples were measured. Measurements were taken immediately after harvest and after 1 and 2 months of storage. Our results were evaluated by using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. Our aim was to compare the antioxidant results of 5 scab-resistant apple varieties, which change continuously during storage.
The antioxidant content of our apple varieties increased during 2 months storage. The best result was achieved by the Modí apple variety (FRAP: 467.32 mg/100g; TFC: 317.76 mg/100g; TPC: 1771.97 mg/100g). Consumers may want to consume apples stored for a longer period of time if they are to absorb large amounts of antioxidants.
Investigation of combining ability and superiority percentages for yield and some related traits in yellow maize using line × tester analysis
Authors: Abdel-Moneam Maamoun A. , Sultan M. S. , Abido Waleed A. E. , Hadházy Ágnes , Sadek S. A. , Shalof M. S. 
Published: May 2020

Combining ability estimation is an important genetic attribute for maize breeders in anticipating improvement in productivity via hybridization and selection. This research was carried out to investigate the genetic structure of the 27 F1 maize hybrids established from nine lines derived from Maize Research Department and three testers, to determine general combining ability (GCA), determine crosses showing specific combining ability (SCA) and superiority percentages for crosses. Nine lines, three testers, 27 F1 hybrids and two check commercial hybrids (SC162 and SC168) were studied in randomized complete block Design (RCBD) with three replications during 2016. The results of mean squares showed that significant and highly significant for most studied traits (days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear position, ear length, no. of kernels per row, 100-kernel weight and Grain yield). Estimates of variance due to GCA and SCA and their ratio revealed predominantly non-additive gene effects for all studied traits. Lines with the best GCA effects were: P2 (line 11) and P6 (line 21) for grain yield, for testers Gm174 and Gm1021 had significant GCA effects for grain yield. The hybrids P5×Gm1021, P6×Gm1021, P7×Gm1021, P8×Gm1002, P9×Gm1002 had significant and negative SCA effects for grain yield. Crosses P1×Gm174, P2×Gm1002, P5×Gm1021, P6×Gm174, P6×Gm1021, P7×Gm1021, P8×Gm1002, P9×Gm1021 were the best combinations manifested and significant superiority percentages over than check varieties (SC162 and SC168) for most studied traits. Therefore, these hybrids may be preferred for hybrid crop development.
Abbreviations: GCA general combining ability; SCA specific combining ability
CAD SIMULATOR MODEL OF A CUTTER
Authors: Bartenev Ivan , Bukhtoyarov Leonid , Popikov Petr , Pridvorova A. 
Published: May 2020

When caring for forest crops, it is necessary to prune the branches. Cutting of top branches is carried out in nurseries, removal of shrubs - on clearings, the formation of crowns - in forest shelterbelts. It is difficult for the operator to simultaneously control several hydraulic cylinders and maintain the required position of the working body. It becomes possible to automate the process of pruning branches with the development of digital means of visual and automatic
control. It is necessary to determine the control actions on the hydraulic cylinders of the branch cutter to automate the work of the operator. Modern technological equipment is designed in computer-aided design (CAD) systems. It enables using a numerical method to conduct a computer experiment on a simulation model. The design of the cutter in Solidworks have
been made. A simulation model has been compiled. The simulation model takes into account geometric, kinematic and inertial parameters of the cutter chains. The movement of the cutter working body from the transport position to the working one has been studied. Virtual displacement sensors have been installed on the chains in the Motion Solidworks
module, and cutter paths have been obtained. The resulting control actions can be used as an input parameter for simulation models in other mathematical environments, and when creating prototypes of cutting control mechanisms
μ-Heavy chain disease associated with systemic amyloidosis and non-amyloid deposits. Diffi culties in diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Okhota V. K. , Ryzhko V. V. , Kovrigina A. M. , Shupletsova I. A. , Soboleva N. P. , Gribanova E. O. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Heavy-chain diseases (HCDs) are rare B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases that do not have a classical clinical picture. A characteristic feature of this disease is the secretion of fragmented heavy chains of various immunoglobulin isotypes. Currently, there are four known variants of this disease: μ, γ, α, and δ.Aim. To describe the clinical observation of μ-HCD, hidden under the mask of systemic amyloidosis, and the associated diffi culties of primary diagnosis.Main Findings. A rare clinical case of μ-HCD in combination with systemic amyloidosis (light chain amyloidosis-AL), transthyretin amyloidosis (transthyretin amyloidosis-ATTR), and non-amyloid deposits in a 64-year-old patient is presented. The severity of the condition was due to the clinical picture of chronic heart failure, polyneuropathy. Upon examination, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia was diagnosed while a diagnosis of amyloidosis was not established. Immuno-chemotherapy was performed under the RB program (rituximab and bendamustine). The effect of the therapy was minimal and short-term. The patient’s condition progressively worsened, and the patient died due to acute cardiovascular failure. The main diagnosis was revised in favor of μ-HCD. The autopsy revealed widespread amyloid and non-amyloid lesions of organs and tissues. Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interestFinancial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship
Clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of aplastic anemia (2019 edition)
Authors: Mihailova E. A. , Fidarova Z. T. , Troitskaya V. V. , Klyasova G. A. , Kulagin A. D. , Voronova E. V. , Dvirnyk V. N. , Galtseva I. V. , Kovrigina A. M. , Obukhova T. N. , Gapanova T. V. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Savchenko V. G. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. At the initiative of the Russian Hematology Society, the research group for the study of idiopathic aplastic anemia has developed clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic aplastic anemia.Aim: to standardize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of acquired aplastic anemia in Russia.Methods. The methodological approaches used are based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, based on the recommendations of the Russian council of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with idiopathic aplastic anemia, Russian and international experience in managing patients, and the recommendations of the European group for the study of aplastic anemia.Results. A new revised and updated version of the national clinical guidelines is presented.Conclusion. These recommendations are intended for doctors of various specialties, health administrators, and medical school students.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.Financial disclosure: this study did not have sponsorship.
Роль и значение языка в формировании этнической идентичности
Authors: Rakhmatullina Z. 
Published: May 2020

Автор анализирует изменения, произошедшие в языковой сфере в Республике Башкортостан за последние два десятилетия. Признавая роль и значение русского как государственного языка и средства международного общения, автор утверждает, что в приоритете для башкир должен быть родной язык.The author analyzes the changes that have occurred in the language sphere in the Republic of Bashkortostan over the past two decades. Recognizing the role and importance of Russian as the state language and means of international communication, the author states that the priority for Bashkirs should be their mother tongue.
Условия адаптации детей мигрантов в общеобразовательной школе
Authors: Pisarik L. 
Published: May 2020

Автор представляет определенные образовательные приемы и технологии социокультурной адаптации детей мигрантов путем дополнительного образования, основанные на теории и практике.The author presents certain educational techniques and technologies of socio-cultural adaptation of migrant children through additional education, based on theory and practice.
Мовлид Висаитов – Герой Советского Союза
Authors: Idigova A. 
Published: May 2020

В год 75-летия Победы в Великой Отечественной войне московский учитель истории рассказывает о славном боевом пути Мовлида Алероевича Висаитова.In the year of the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic war, a Moscow history teacher tells about the glorious battle path of Movlid Aleroyevich Visaitov.
DEVELOPMENT IN THE USE OF COCONUT FARM RESIDUES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF COIR-WOOD-CEMENT AS ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Authors: R. N. Palomar  , L. J. Penamora  , N. J. Melencion  
Published: May 2020

A new product using farm wastes from coconut plantation is being developed as an alternative building material. The product, coir-wood-cement board (CWCB), is made from husk fiber of coir and shredded sapling or excelsior that are mixed separately with cement at a predetermined ratio of 70% cement to 15% coir excelsior by weight basis.

Mixture of saturated coir/excelsior and cement is mat-formed and pressed to the desired thickness and then conditioned by air-drying to produce CWCB. Its dimension is 61 cm wide and 244 cm long with thickness ranging from 8 mm to 25 mm

CWCB meets the strength requirements set by PHILSA standard specification for particleboard (PHILSA 106, 1975). It is being service-tested as an alternative material for expensive construction materials such as plywood, particleboard and cement hollow blocks. It has been found suitable for such uses as exterior/interior walls, partition panel and ceiling of building as well as furniture components such as table top and cabinet siding.

Production of CWCB needs the major equipment/machinery such as decorticating machine, shredding machine, blending machine, hydraulic press, trimmer and lifter. Except for lifter, these machines can be designed and fabricated locally. Estimated total investment cost of PhP 3.76 million is needed to establish a CWCB plant that includes equipment, land rental, building and working capital. About 37,500 boards can be produced every year with internal rate of return of 35.20% and payback period of 2.68 years.
Integrated Soil Fertility Management on Local Coconut Hybrid in a Farmer- Managed Coconut-Based Cropping System
Authors: Millicent I. Secretaria  , Rogaciano Z. Margate  
Published: May 2020

An integrated soil fertility management or ISFM on-farm trial was conducted at Barangay Tawan-tawan, Baguio District, Davao City in 1993 to 1999 to know the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the vegetative growth, nutrient status and yield performance of intercropped Catigan dwarf x Laguna tall (CATD x LAGT) coconut hybrid better known as PCA 15–1 or CATLAG.

Vegetative growth of CATD x LAGT palms revealed that ammonium sulfate + NaCl and goat manure + NaCl produced significantly bigger girth size on the first year and more number of leaves and living fronds on the second and fourth year, respectively. These treatments also enhanced early flowering (>50% @ 4.5 years) and yield (51-53 nuts/tree/yr @) 5 years from field planting) in hybrid palms. The organic fertilizers, i.e. goat manure and coconut husk, become more effective in their effect on the vegetative and reproductive characters of palms when combined with a Cl source (NaCl). The application of Cl nutrient contributed to the better performance of palms during the drought condition. The application of goat manure resulted in improved levels of soil nutrients as K, Ca, Mg and P, increased percent base saturation and lower soil acidity.

The use of local hybrid, PCA 15-1 and ISFM-based low cost production inputs such as ammonium sulfate, goat manure/coco waste (husk) and common table salt as well as intercropping suitable crops under young coconuts is a profitable package of technologies capable of improving and sustaining coconut farm productivity in the Philippines.
Origin, Domestication, Dissemination and Genetic Diversity of Coconut: DNA information
Authors: Lalith Perera  
Published: May 2020

Information on origin, dissemination and levels and distribution of genetic diversity in coconuts will allow plant breeders and conservationists to select better breeding materials and formulate appropriate conservation strategies. PCR-based DNA profiling of coconut palms from Sri Lanka was initially conducted using both Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLPs) and Microsatellites (SSRs). Thirty-nine microsatellite primers specific to coconut were developed by small insert genomic library construction. Eighteen of those primers were used to analyze the same set of Sri Lankan coconut materials. Overall, the results generated by both AFLPs and SSRs were in agreement. Most diversity was found in the tall variety (Typica) (0.92 and 0.62 for AFLPs and SSRs, respectively) rather than the intermediate (Aurantiaca) and dwarf (Nana) varieties (0.82 and 0.25 for AFLPs and SSRs, respectively). A hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on AFLP data was used to quantify and partition levels of variability between and within form components. This revealed that for the inbreeding dwarf and intermediate forms most variation was observed between rather than within forms. In contrast, the out-breeding tall forms exhibited as much variation within as between forms.
BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DIVERSITY IN PACIFIC OCEAN COCONUT POPULATIONS
Authors: M.J. Ratnambal  , V. Arunachalam  , Augustin Jerard B.  , Sarankumar Rizwal  , V.Damodaran  
Published: May 2020

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important perennial multi-purpose palm commonly grown in humid tropics. The crop belongs to the monotypic genus Cocos having 2n=2x=32 chromosomes. The crop supports millions of resource poor farm families in islands and coastal ecosystems. Genetic improvement of coconut palm is in progress in many research stations for improving yield and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Knowledge of genetic divergence of the crop is helpful in improvement of the crop. Pacific islands are supposed to contain wild forms and rich diversity of coconut. Genetic divergence studies were carried out using morphological, fruit component characters by many workers. Sugimura et al., (1997) analysed the diversity of 39 accessions of coconut as three major groups typica, nana and javanica using agronomic and botanical traits. Nana was found to be an aggregate group, which was far distant from typica. But, javanica was found to be an intermediate type.
The Planetary Luminosity Problem: “Missing Planets” and the Observational Consequences of Episodic Accretion
Authors: Brittain Sean D. , Najita Joan R. , Dong Ruobing , Zhu Zhaohuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The high occurrence rates of spiral arms and large central clearings in protoplanetary disks, if interpreted as signposts of giant planets, indicate that gas giants commonly form as companions to young stars (<few Myr) at orbital separations of 10–300 au. However, attempts to directly image this giant planet population as companions to more mature stars (>10 Myr) have yielded few successes. This discrepancy could be explained if most giant planets form by “cold start,” i.e., by radiating away much of their formation energy as they assemble their mass, rendering them faint enough to elude detection at later times. In that case, giant planets should be bright at early times, during their accretion phase, and yet forming planets are detected only rarely through direct imaging techniques. Here we explore the possibility that the low detection rate of accreting planets is the result of episodic accretion through a circumplanetary disk. We also explore the possibility that the companion orbiting the Herbig Ae star HD 142527 may be a giant planet undergoing such an accretion outburst.
Resolving the Soft X-Ray Ultrafast Outflow in PDS 456
Authors: Reeves J. N. , Braito V. , Chartas G. , Hamann F. , Laha S. , Nardini E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Past X-ray observations of the nearby luminous quasar PDS 456 (at z = 0.184) have revealed a wide-angle accretion disk wind with an outflow velocity of ∼−0.25c, as observed through observations of its blueshifted iron K-shell absorption line profile. Here we present three new XMM-Newton observations of PDS 456: one in 2018 September where the quasar was bright and featureless and two in 2019 September, 22 days apart, occurring when the quasar was five times fainter and where strong blueshifted lines from the wind were present. During the second 2019 September observation, three broad (σ = 3000 km s−1) absorption lines were resolved in the high-resolution Reflection Grating Spectrometer spectrum that are identified with blueshifted O viii Lyα, Ne ix Heα, and Ne x Lyα. The outflow velocity of this soft X-ray absorber was found to be v/c = −0.258 ± 0.003, fully consistent with an iron K absorber with v/c = −0.261 ± 0.007. The ionization parameter and column density of the soft X-ray component (log ξ = 3.4, N
H = 2 × 1021 cm−2) outflow was lower by about 2 orders of magnitude when compared to the high-ionization wind at iron K (log ξ = 5, N
H = 7 × 1023 cm−2). Substantial variability was seen in the soft X-ray absorber between the 2019 observations, declining from N
H = 1023 to 1021 cm−2 over 20 days, while the iron K component was remarkably stable. We conclude that the soft X-ray wind may originate from an inhomogeneous wind streamline passing across the line of sight that, due to its lower ionization, is located further from the black hole, on parsec scales, than the innermost disk wind.
Measurement of the Rate Distribution of the Population of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts: Implications for Progenitor Models
Authors: James C. W. , Osłowski S. , Flynn C. , Kumar P. , Bannister K. , Bhandari S. , Farah W. , Kerr M. , Lorimer D. R. , Macquart J.-P. , Ng C. , Phillips C. , Price D. C. , Qiu H. , Shannon R. M. , Spiewak R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The discovery of many repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, the high rate of individual bursts, and the observation of repeat bursts from a bright FRB initially detected by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) suggest a significant population of repeating FRBs. Here, we analyze the rate distribution of this population using results from follow-up observations of the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients Survey. Characterizing a repeating FRB by its burst rate R
0 above an energy of 1038 erg, we consider a volumetric density Φ(R
0) with rate distribution

. We use maximum-likelihood methods to constrain ζ < −1.94 at 90% confidence. We discuss how this constraint can be used to limit different classes of progenitor models for repeating FRBs: it excludes FRBs with burst rate proportional to neutron star spin-down power with braking index n ≤ 14, i.e., magnetic dipole radiation (n = 3); and it excludes some scenarios for FRB emission from magnetars, and the magnetic field interactions of compact binaries.
CMB Shadows: The Effect of Interstellar Extinction on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization and Temperature Anisotropy
Authors: Nashimoto Masashi , Hattori Makoto , Chinone Yuji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We evaluate the degradation of the accuracy of the component separation between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and foreground components caused by neglect of absorption of the CMB’s monopole component by the galactic interstellar matter. The amplitude of the temperature anisotropy caused by the CMB shadow, due to dust components, is about 1 μK. This value is comparable to the required noise level necessary to probe non-Gaussianity studies with upcoming CMB experiments. In addition, the amplitude of the polarization caused by the CMB shadow due to dust is comparable to or larger than the rms value of the CMB B-mode polarization, imprinted by primordial gravitational waves. We show that applying a single-power-law model as the dust spectrum to observed multifrequency data introduces systematic errors, which are comparable to or larger than the required noise level for forthcoming CMB B-mode polarization experiments. Deducing the intrinsic spectrum of dust emission from the submillimeter wave band data reduces the systematic error to below the required noise level. However, this method requires dust temperature measurements with an accuracy of better than a few percent. We conclude that the CMB shadow due to dust must be considered in future CMB missions for achieving their targeted sensitivity. Our results will be important to detect the primordial CMB B-mode polarization, with the amplitude of the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r = 10−3.
Tearing Instability and Periodic Density Perturbations in the Slow Solar Wind
Authors: Réville Victor , Velli Marco , Rouillard Alexis P. , Lavraud Benoit , Tenerani Anna , Shi Chen , Strugarek Antoine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In contrast with the fast solar wind, which originates in coronal holes, the source of the slow solar wind is still debated. Often intermittent and enriched with low first ionization potential elements—akin to what is observed in closed coronal loops—the slow wind could form in bursty events nearby helmet streamers. Slow winds also exhibit density perturbations that have been shown to be periodic and could be associated with flux ropes ejected from the tip of helmet streamers, as shown recently by the WISPR white-light imager on board Parker Solar Probe (PSP). In this work, we propose that the main mechanism controlling the release of flux ropes is a flow-modified tearing mode at the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar wind and corona to reproduce realistic configurations and outflows surrounding the HCS. We find that this process is able to explain long (∼10–20 hr) and short (∼1–2 hr) timescales of density structures observed in the slow solar wind. This study also sheds new light on the structure, topology, and composition of the slow solar wind, and could be, in the near future, compared with white light and in situ PSP observations.