bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiomes and host genetics provide evidence for ecological diversification among Caribbean members of the sponge genusIrciniaNardo, 1833
Authors: Kelly Joseph B. , Thacker Robert W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSponges live in symbioses with microbes that allow the hosts to exploit otherwise inaccessible resources. Given the potential of microbiomes to unlock new niche axes for the hosts, microbiomes may facilitate evolutionary innovation in the ecology of sponges. However, the hypothesis that ecological diversification evolves via the microbiome among multiple, closely related sponge species living in sympatry is yet untested. Here, we provide the first test of this hypothesis withinIrcinia, a genus possessing diverse and abundant microbiomes that engage their hosts in nutritional symbioses. We used genome-wide SNP data (2bRAD) to delimit genetic species boundaries using BFD* among fourIrciniagrowth forms that putatively constitute distinct species and two nominal species,I. campanaandI. strobilina. We also evaluated the performance of two single-locus genetic barcodes, CO1 and ITS, in resolvingIrciniaspecies boundaries. We then used 16S rRNA metabarcoding to test whether the genetic species units uncovered by BFD* harbor microbiomes that are compositionally unique within each host lineage and distinct relative to seawater microbial communities. BFD* recovered genetic species boundaries that are generally reflected in the morphological differences of the growth forms and upheld the species designations ofI. campanaandI. strobilina, whereas CO1 and ITS provided comparatively little species-level phylogenetic resolution. The microbiomes were found to be compositionally distinct relative to seawater microbial communities, conserved within host lineages, and non-overlapping relative to the microbiomes of other host lineages. These results support a model by which microbiomes underly ecological divergence in resource use among closely related sponge species. This research provides insights into the roles of microbiomes in ecological speciation of sponges and sets the groundwork for further investigation of adaptive radiations in sponges.
A minimal yet flexible likelihood framework to assess correlated evolution
Authors: Behdenna Abdelkader , Godfroid Maxime , Petot Patrice , Pothier Joël , Nous Camille , Lambert Amaury , Achaz Guillaume 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn evolutionary process is reflected in the sequence of changes of any trait (e.g. morphological, molecular) through time. Yet, a better understanding of evolution would be procured by characterizing correlated evolution, or when two or more evolutionary processes interact. Many previously developed parametric methods often require significant computing time as they rely on the estimation of many parameters. Here we propose a minimal likelihood framework modelling the joint evolution of two traits on a known phylogenetic tree. The type and strength of correlated evolution is characterized by few parameters tuning mutation rates of each trait and interdependencies between these rates. The framework can be applied to study any discrete trait or character ranging from nucleotide substitution to gain or loss of a biological function. More specifically, it can be used to 1) test for independence between two evolutionary processes, 2) identify the type of interaction between them and 3) estimate parameter values of the most likely model of interaction. In its current implementation, the method takes as input a phylogenetic tree together with mapped discrete evolutionary events on it and then maximizes the likelihood for one or several chosen scenarios. The strengths and limits of the method, as well as its relative power when compared to a few other methods, are assessed using both simulations and data from 16S rRNA sequences in a sample of 54 γ-enterobacteria. We show that even with datasets of fewer than 100 species, the method performs well in parameter estimation and in the selection of evolutionary scenario.
Relationship between Regional White Matter Hyperintensities and Alpha Oscillations in Older Adults
Authors: Kumral Deniz , Cesnaite Elena , Beyer Frauke , Hofmann Simon M. , Hensch Tilman , Sander Christian , Hegerl Ulrich , Haufe Stefan , Villringer Arno , Witte A. Veronica , Nikulin Vadim 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAging is associated with increased white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and with the alterations of alpha oscillations (7–13 Hz). However, a crucial question remains, whether changes in alpha oscillations relate to aging per se or whether this relationship is mediated by age-related neuropathology like WMHs. Using a large cohort of cognitively healthy older adults (N=907, 60-80 years), we assessed relative alpha power, alpha peak frequency, and long-range temporal correlations (LRTC) from resting-state EEG. We further associated these parameters with voxel-wise WMHs from 3T MRI. We found that a higher prevalence of WMHs in the superior and posterior corona radiata as well as in the thalamic radiation was related to elevated alpha power, with the strongest association in the bilateral occipital cortex. In contrast, we observed no significant relation of the WMHs probability with alpha peak frequency and LRTC. Finally, higher age was associated with elevated alpha power via total WMH volume. Although an increase in alpha oscillations due to WMH can have a compensatory nature, we rather suggest that an elevated alpha power is a consequence of WMH affecting a spatial organization of alpha sources.
DISSECT: DISentangle SharablE ConTent for Multimodal Integration and Crosswise-mapping
Authors: Schau Geoffrey , Burlingame Erik , Chang Young Hwan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDeep learning systems have emerged as powerful mechanisms for learning domain translation models. However, in many cases, complete information in one domain is assumed to be necessary for sufficient cross-domain prediction. In this work, we motivate a formal justification for domain-specific information separation in a simple linear case and illustrate that a self-supervised approach enables domain translation between data domains while filtering out domain-specific data features. We introduce a novel approach to identify domainspecific information from sets of unpaired measurements in complementary data domains by considering a deep learning cross-domain autoencoder architecture designed to learn shared latent representations of data while enabling domain translation. We introduce an orthogonal gate block designed to enforce orthogonality of input feature sets by explicitly removing non-sharable information specific to each domain and illustrate separability of domain-specific information on a toy dataset.
Differential gene expression reflects larval development and survival of monarch butterflies on different milkweed hosts
Authors: Gonzalez-De-la-Rosa Pablo M. , Loustalot-Laclette Mariana Ramirez , Abreu-Goodger Cei , Markow Therese Ann 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTSecond instar larvae of the monarch butterfly,Danaus plexippus, from a nonmigratory population in Irapuato, Mexico, were reared for twenty-four hours on three species of milkweed hosts:Asclepias curassavica, A. linaria, and Gomphocarpus physocarpus.We then measured larval growth and differential expression of coding genes and of microRNAs. Larval growth was similar on the twoAsclepiasspecies, while little growth was observed onG. physocarpus. The greatest differences in coding gene expression occurred in genes controlling growth and detoxification and were most extreme in comparisons betweenG. physocarpus and the twoAsclepias. MicroRNAs are predicted to be involved as regulators of many of these processes, in particular miR-278, differentially expressed here, could be an important regulator of growth through Hippo signaling. The implications for survival of the monarch, especially in the context of environmental factors altering the availability of their favored milkweed species, are discussed.
Transmission of allosteric response within the homotrimer of SARS-CoV-2 spike upon recognition of ACE2 receptor by the receptor-binding domain
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sayan , Bhattacharyya Rajanya , Sengupta Jayati 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe pathogenesis of novel SARS-CoV-2 virus initiates through recognition of ACE2 receptor (Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) of the host cells by the receptor-binding domain (RBD) located at spikes of the virus. Following receptor-recognition, proteolytic cleavage between S1 and S2 subunits of the spike protein occurs with subsequent release of fusion peptide. Here, we report our study on allosteric communication within RBD that propagates the signal from ACE2-binding site towards allosteric site for the post-binding activation of proteolytic cleavage. Using MD simulations, we have demonstrated allosteric crosstalk within RBD in apo- and receptor-bound states where dynamic correlated motions and electrostatic energy perturbations contribute. While allostery, based on correlated motions, dominates inherent distal communication in apo-RBD, electrostatic energy perturbations determine favorable crosstalk within RBD upon binding to ACE2. Notably, allosteric path is constituted with evolutionarily conserved residues pointing towards their biological relevance. As revealed from recent structures, in the trimeric arrangement of spike, RBD of one copy interacts with S2 domain of another copy. Interestingly, the allosteric site identified is in direct contact (H-bonded) with a region in RBD that corresponds to the interacting region of RBD of one copy with S2 of another copy in trimeric constitution. Apparently, inter-monomer allosteric communication orchestrates concerted action of the trimer. Based on our results, we propose the allosteric loop of RBD as a potential drug target.
Modeling the dynamic behaviors of the COPI vesicle formation regulators, the small GTPase Arf1 and its activating Sec7 guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1 on Golgi membranes
Authors: Sager Garrett , Kawai Ryoichi , Presley John F. , Sztul Elizabeth 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThe components and subprocesses underlying the formation of COPI-coated vesicles at the Golgi are well understood. The coating cascade is initiated after the small GTPase Arf1 is activated by the Sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1. This causes a conformational shift within Arf1 that facilitates stable association of Arf1 with the membrane, a process required for subsequent recruitment of the COPI coat. Although we have an atomic level knowledge of Arf1 activation by Sec7 domain-containing GEFs, our understanding of the biophysical parameters that regulate Arf1 and GBF1 association with Golgi membranes and with each other is limited. We used Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) data and kinetic Monte Carlo simulation based on continuous-time random walk to assess behavior of Arf1 and GBF1 during COPI vesicle formation in live cells. Our analyses support a model in which Arf1 and GBF1 associate with Golgi membranes independently, with an excess of GBF1 relative to Arf1, and in which Arf1 activation is much faster than GBF1 cycling on the membrane. Interestingly, modeling the behavior of the GBF1/E794K mutant stabilized on the membrane is inconsistent with the formation of a stable complex between it and an endogenous Arf1, and suggests that its prolonged association with the membrane occurs independently of complex formation.
NF-κB modifies the mammalian circadian clock through interaction with the core clock protein BMAL1
Authors: Shen Yang , Wang Wei , Endale Mehari , Francey Lauren J. , Harold Rachel L. , Hammers David W. , Huo Zhiguang , Partch Carrie L. , Hogenesch John B. , Wu Zhao-Hui , Liu Andrew C. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTIn mammals, the circadian clock coordinates various cell physiological processes, including the inflammatory response. Recent studies suggested a crosstalk between these two pathways. However, the mechanism of how inflammation affects the circadian clock is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in regulating clock function. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches, we show that perturbation of the canonical NF-κB subunitRELAin the U2OS cellular model altered core clock gene expression. While RELA activation shortened period length and dampened amplitude in these cells, its inhibition lengthened period length and caused amplitude phenotypes. NF-κB perturbation also altered circadian rhythms in the master suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clock and locomotor activity. We show that RELA, like the clock repressor CRY1, potently repressed the transcriptional activity of BMAL1/CLOCK at the circadian E-box cis-element. Biochemical and biophysical analysis showed that RELA competes with coactivator CBP/p300 for binding to the transactivation domain of BMAL1. This mechanism is further supported by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showing that the binding sites of RELA, BMAL1 and CLOCK converge on the E-boxes of clock genes. Taken together, these data support a significant role for NF-κB in directly regulating circadian clock function and highlight mutual regulation between the circadian and inflammatory pathways.
Top managers' communication efforts as response to tensions in product innovation: an attention-based view
Authors: Pan Fagerlin Wen , Wang Yueqi 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to map different kinds of tensions in product innovation and investigate how top managers use communication to shape subordinates' attention and thereby respond to these tensions.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted an embedded case study of four innovation centers within a Nordic multinational firm.FindingsThis study identifies three kinds of tensions that reside in product innovation, namely dilemma, paradox and trade-off. Further, this study reveals how joint attention (among top managers and subordinates) as a response to tensions can be achieved through different aggregates of top managers' communication efforts.Originality/valueIn opening the black box of tensions in product innovation and identifying multiple tensions, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of the attention-based view. Different from previous studies that simply consider communication as channels for information processing, the findings indicate that the contents and practices of communication can help top managers to shape subordinates' attention and thereby respond to tensions. This study also extends the research focus of attention from top managers to the whole organization, by revealing the importance of building a joint pattern of attention among top managers and subordinates.
Covid-19 created a gender gap in perceived work productivity and job satisfaction: implications for dual-career parents working from home
Authors: Feng Zhiyu , Savani Krishna 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine gender gaps in work-related outcomes in the context of Covid-19. The authors hypothesized that the Covid-19 pandemic would create a gender gap in perceived work productivity and job satisfaction. This is because when couples are working from home the whole day and when schools are closed, women are expected to devote more time to housework and childcare.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a sample of employed women and men from dual-career families who were working from home since Covid-19 lockdowns started. In total, 286 US-resident full-time employees participated in this study. Participants were asked to report their work productivity and job satisfaction before and since Covid-19 lockdowns.

Findings
It is found that before the Covid-19 pandemic, there were no gender differences in self-rated work productivity and job satisfaction. However, during the lockdown, women reported lower work productivity and job satisfaction than men.

Research limitations/implications
Participants retrospectively reported their work productivity and job satisfaction before Covid-19. However, there are unlikely to be systematic gender differences in retrospective reports of these measures. Further, the authors only sampled opposite-sex dual career parents. Future research needs to examine the effects of lockdowns on women and men in other types of households.

Practical implications
Given the nature of the Covid-19 pandemic, many regions might experience multiple periods of lockdown, and many workplaces have already adopted or are likely to adopt long-term work-from-home policies. The findings indicate that these long-term changes in the workplace might have long-term negative effects on women’s perceived productivity and job-satisfaction in dual-career families.

Social implications
The findings suggest that society needs provide additional support to women working from home and taking care of children or other dependents, particularly during lockdowns or during times when schools and daycare centers are closed.

Originality/value
The current research is one of the first to claim that despite the greater amount of time that women spend in housework and childcare than men, during normal times, they are as productive and as satisfied with their job as men. However, the Covid-19 pandemic increased women’s housework and childcare beyond a threshold, thereby creating a gender gap in work productivity and job satisfaction.
Public-private partnership in Western and non-Western countries: a search for relevance
Authors: Fauzi Fadhli Zul , Kusumasari Bevaola 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to compare the implementation of public–private partnership (PPP) in Western and non-Western countries by analyzing several predetermined aspects such as government and political system, PPP’s model of agreement, political commitment and the role of PPP supporting unit.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses comparative case studies to compare the implementation of PPP in seven Western and non-Western countries by using various appropriate data such as frequently used agreements, government systems, political commitments and PPP-supporting units to understand the extent of differences in the success of PPP implementation found in each country.

Findings
The results reveal that the implementation of PPPs in Western and non-Western countries do not significantly differ, except for in the instance of political commitments. Political interventions in PPP implementation still frequently occurred in non-Western countries, which consequently disrupted the implementation of PPP itself.

Originality/value
Previous comparison of PPP studies only focused on the implementation of PPP without analyzing the political context in each country. One of the contributions that this paper will bring to the conversations around PPP is that the implementation of PPP will be analyzed with regard to political contexts.
Input Shaping for Feed-Forward Control of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots
Authors: Baklouti Sana , Courteille Eric , Lemoine Philippe , Caro Stéphane 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the use of input-shaping filters in conjunction with a feed-forward control of cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs), while integrating cable tension calculation to satisfy positive cable tensions along the prescribed trajectory of the moving platform. This method aims to attenuate the oscillatory motions of the moving platform. Thus, the input signal is modified to make it self-cancel residual vibrations. The effectiveness, in terms of moving-platform oscillation attenuation, of the proposed closed-loop control method combined with shaping inputs is experimentally studied on a suspended and nonredundant CDPR prototype. This confirms residual vibration reduction improvement with respect to the unshaped control in terms of peak-to-peak amplitude of velocity error, which can achieve 72% while using input-shaping filters.
An Automatic Insulin Infusion System Based on Kalman Filtering Model Predictive Control Technique
Authors: Patra Akshaya Kumar , Nanda Anuja 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
During the past few decades, optimal control of blood glucose (BG) concentration with adequate feedback loop has been of ample importance for Type-I diabetes mellitus (TIDM) patients as far as an artificial pancreas realization is concerned. Now-a-days, in addition to the BG control, the design of the micro-insulin dispenser (MID) with a robust control algorithm to regulate the other chronic clinical disorders based on prolonged medications is also quite indispensable. A novel Kalman filtering model predictive controller (KFMPC) has been proposed in this work to solve the aforementioned problem. For designing of the KFMPC, a ninth-order state-space model of the TIDM patient with MID is considered. In this control strategy, the conventional model predictive controller is re-formulated with a state estimator based on the Kalman filtering methodology to improve the control execution. The justification of enhanced control performance of KFMPC is demonstrated by comparative result analysis with other published control techniques. The simulations are carried out through matlab/simulink environment, and the results indicate comparatively better control ability of the suggested algorithm to control the BG level within the normoglycemic range (70–120 mg/dl) as far as accuracy, stability, quick damping, and robustness.
Femtosecond Pulsed Ti:Sapphire Laser-Assisted Surface Texturing on Piston Ring and Its Tribology Characterization
Authors: Ezhilmaran V. , Vasa N. J. , Krishnan Sivarama , Vijayaraghavan L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Femtosecond laser-assisted surface texturing of compression piston rings is proposed and demonstrated. A femtosecond pulsed Ti3+:sapphire laser is used to generate dimples of the same size but with different area density on a moly-chrome ceramic deposited cast iron piston ring. The influence of the surface morphology and tribology operating conditions, such as reciprocating frequency and temperature of the lubricant, on friction and wear characteristics of textured piston rings and plateau honed liner samples is investigated. A decrease in the friction coefficient is observed with the texturing of rings. The dimple area density, which is defined as the ratio of the total textured area and the total area of the surface, of 16% and 27% offered a reduced coefficient of friction and minimize wear on the liner surface.