bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphologic Features of Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in Transbronchial Cryobiopsies Versus Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Biopsies: An In Silico Study
Authors: Churg Andrew , Wright Joanne L. 
Published: August 2020

Context.—
There is interest in using transbronchial cryobiopsies (CBs) for the diagnosis of fibrotic (chronic) hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP), but with little information in the literature about what features are diagnostic in CBs.

Objective.—
To determine, using in silico investigation, whether features supporting a diagnosis of FHP in video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) biopsies can be identified in CBs.

Design.—
In silico circular “cryobiopsies,” 5.25 mm in diameter (21.6 mm2), were created on the slides of 15 VATS biopsy cases that had been assigned a 60% or greater confident diagnosis of FHP at a specially devised multidisciplinary discussion. Using stratified random sampling, up to 8 “cryobiopsies” per case were analyzed for the presence of giant cells/granulomas or peribronchiolar metaplasia affecting 50% or more of the bronchioles, features that had statistically supported a diagnosis of FHP on the VATS biopsies in the multidisciplinary discussion exercise.

Results.—
Giant cells/granulomas were detected with very low sensitivities in the “cryobiopsies.” Using peribronchiolar metaplasia in 50% or more of bronchioles alone, the sensitivity/specificity for a diagnosis of FHP of 2 “cryobiopsies” compared to the corresponding VATS biopsy was 0.57/0.63; for 4 “cryobiopsies,” 0.86/0.75; and for 8 “cryobiopsies,” 0.83/0.71. Adding giant cells/granulomas slightly improved these numbers to 0.63/0.71 for 2 “cryobiopsies”; 1.00/0.86 for 4; and 1.00/0.80 for 8.

Conclusions.—
In the setting of a multidisciplinary discussion where FHP is part of the differential diagnostic choices, 4 actual CBs with an area of roughly 20 mm2 each should have good sensitivity and reasonable specificity for diagnosing FHP using these specific morphologic criteria.
INOVAÇÃO E SUA PRINCIPAL BARREIRA JURÍDICA
Authors: Pinto Felipe Chiarello de Souza , Garcia Lara Rocha 
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo, fundamentalmente no campo do Direito da Inovação e do Direito Econômico, tem o objetivo de analisar se o Sistema Nacional de Ciência e Inovação oferece suporte jurídico para a transformação que a tecnologia está realizando nos diversos mercados, inclusive, na própria prática jurídica. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa para descrever o Sistema Nacional de Ciência e Inovação e, com isso, compreender o ecossistema de inovação brasileiro com vistas a fomentar o desenvolvimento econômico nacional. A partir deste panorama, foi utilizado o método dedutivo para aplicar a inovação, especialmente de base tecnológica, à prática jurídica em si, com a proliferação das startups chamadas de lawtechs e legaltechs. Assim, é apresentado a estruturação e o contraste dos desafios e barreiras do Direito da Inovação e da Inovação no Direito. A conclusão deste artigo é a de que o Direito, seus profissionais, estrutura de atuação, hierarquia e até mesmo os novos modelos de negócio que surgem a partir da inovação de base tecnológica serão fortemente impactados pelo potencial das inovações de base tecnológica assim como pelo arcabouço do Sistema Nacional de Ciência e Inovação, especialmente pela Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais. Isso porque dependem, essencialmente, da captura de dados, tratamento e análise para gerar informação relevante na prestação de serviços. Embora tal lei esteja ainda em vacatio legis e não temos sua aplicabilidade pratica, não exclui a discussão, que deve ser realizada a partir de análises críticas.
CONTEÚDOS DA ORALIDADE: O GÊNERO DISCURSIVO SEMINÁRIO NA AULA DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Da Silva Cinara Sousa , Dos Santos Adelino Pereira 
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar reflexões sobre conteúdos de ensino-aprendizagem de gêneros discursivos orais da instância pública nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa da educação básica, bem como propor quadros de tais conteúdos a partir do recorte/gênero discursivo oral seminário. O trabalho de pesquisa aqui apresentado tem caráter bibliográfico, mas faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa-ação de cunho etnográfico desenvolvido e descrito na dissertação de Mestrado Profissional em Letras de um dos autores deste trabalho, defendida nos primeiro trimestre de 2019. O que propomos neste artigo, como objetivo específico, é identificar e catalogar conteúdos da oralidade que perpassem os gêneros orais, de modo a subsidiar o professor de Língua Portuguesa na elaboração de projetos pedagógicos para prática da oralidade nas instâncias públicas formais.
ORALIDADE FORMAL E ARGUMENTAÇÃO: A IMPORTÂNCIA DE SE TRABALHAR COM O GÊNERO DEBATE REGRADO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Oliveira Sirley Ribeiro Siqueira de 
Published: August 2020

“Por que devemos fazer da oralidade um objeto de ensino”? E “Por que o gênero textual debate regrado pode se tornar um importante instrumento para a aquisição de usos formais da fala em público”? Nesse artigo, buscamos responder a essas perguntas, subsidiados por um aporte teórico que considera a língua como interação. Por isso, somamos nossas ideias às de outros pesquisadores que defendem que usos mais formais da língua falada demandam um ensino planejado, sistemático e contínuo. Além disso, apresentamos uma proposta de prática de ensino desenvolvida com alunos do Ensino Médio, que alia oralidade formal e argumentação.
Rádio e oralidade: o que propõem os livros didáticos de português aprovados pelo programa nacional do livro didático?
Authors: Bunzen Júnior Clecio Dos Santos , Garcia Jéssica Máximo 
Published: August 2020

Com base em discussões sobre as múltiplas linguagens na disciplina de Português, o presente artigo apresenta uma análise de como as coleções aprovadas pelo Ministério da Educação, no âmbito de duas edições do Programa Nacional do Livro Didáticos (PNLD 2014 e 2017), lidam com os gêneros radiofônicos. Nossas análises, de base interpretativa e situada no campo da Linguística Aplicada, demonstram a presença tímida de alguns gêneros radiofônicos ao longo de coleções específicas, com destaque para os gêneros ‘radionovela’ e ‘narração de jogo de futebol’.
Sustentabilidade no setor público brasileiro e nas instituições públicas de ensino superior: análise da produção científica em periódicos nacionais
Authors: Marcuz Junior Maucir , Sauberlich Rogério , Farias Laís de Andrade , Tesser Daniel Poletto 
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar o desenvolvimento e identificar as principais características de pesquisas acerca da sustentabilidade no setor público brasileiro e nas instituições públicas de ensino superior. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, utilizando-se de bibliometria mediante a seleção de artigos que tratam sobre o tema no portal de periódicos da Capes, no período de Janeiro de 2010 até Setembro de 2019, contendo em qualquer parte do texto as palavras exatas: sustentabilidade e administração pública; sustentabilidade e setor público; sustentabilidade e organizações públicas; sustentabilidade e instituição pública; sustentabilidade e instituição federal; sustentabilidade e instituição estadual; sustentabilidade e instituição municipal; sustentabilidade e instituição de ensino público; sustentabilidade e instituição de ensino pública; sustentabilidade e universidade pública. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados, destacam-se os seguintes: as instituições mais analisadas nos artigos foram as de ensino superior públicas, sustentando participação na metade do portfólio bibliográfico selecionado; o tema avaliação e desenvolvimento da consciência sustentável foi o mais abordado; o ano de 2019 tende a registrar um número abaixo da média anual de publicações do período; a maioria dos artigos foram desenvolvidos em quartetos; os periódicos com maior número de publicações foram de Qualis B2, sendo a Revista de Gestão Ambiental e da Sustentabilidade a possuidora do maior acervo, e a instituição com maior número de publicações a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC).
Mitigation of Arsenic-induced Increases in Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Haematological Derangements by Ethanol Leaf Extract of Irvingia gabonensis
Authors: Ewere Efosa Godwin , Okolie Ngozi Paulinus , Etim Oboso Edem , Oyebadejo Samson Adewale 
Published: August 2020

Aim: To investigate the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ELEIG) on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines and haematological derangements in Wistar rats.
Study Design: Fifty five Wistar rats weighing between 100 g and 161 g were randomly distributed to eleven (11) groups (n=5). Group 1 (control) had feed and water only. Group 2 received SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for 14 days. Groups 3-11 received ELEIG with or without SA.
Place and Duration of Study: Biochemistry Department, University of Uyo and Biochemistry Department, University of Benin. The duration of the study was 14 days.
Methodology: Treatment was done orally for 14 days. Immunological markers: tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and haematological indices: red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (HB) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cell (WBC) count and its differentials and platelet (PLT) count were used to determine the immunomodulatory and haematological effects of the extract.
Results: Intoxication with SA caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4 levels and a significant decrease in hepatic IL-10 level, relative to control. The SA treatment also caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) decreases in RBC, HB, PCV MCH, MCHC, MCV, PLT and monocyte counts as well as significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in WBC, lymphocyte, basophil, eosinophil and neutrophil counts, relative to control. However, post-treatment and concomitant treatment with ELEIG ameliorated the noxious effect of SA. In addition, ELEIG alone at various doses produced results with most of the assayed parameters having values comparable with those control.
Conclusion: These results indicate that ELEIG mitigates SA-induced inflammation and haematological perturbations in Wistar rats.
Comparative Study of Fibrinolytic Response amongst Malarious Pregnant and Non Malarious Subjects in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ken-Ezihuo Stella Urekweru , Mbeera Barinaaziga Sunday , Ibeh Chiatugu Nancy , Jeremiah Zacchaeus Awortu 
Published: August 2020

Aim: The study was designed to comparatively assess the degree of fibrinolytic response amongst malaria-positive pregnant women, and non-malaria positive subjects in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methods: The study area covered University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt [UPTH] and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, [RSUTH] both in Port Harcourt metropolis Rivers State. It was a cross-sectional study carried out on a total of two hundred and forty female attendees at the obstetrics and gynecology clinics of the two hospitals. The subjects were grouped into three comprising of eighty subjects in each group; malarious pregnant women, non- malarious pregnant women and apparently healthy non-pregnant women. Venous blood sample measuring 5 milliliter volume was drawn from each subject, The sample was dispensed into two separate EDTA anticoagulant bottles, 3 milliliter and 2 milliliter meant for measuring the levels of markers of fibrinolysis which were Plasminogen, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, Tissue Plasminogen activator, alpha-2-antiplasmin, D-dimers and fibrinogen, and preparation of blood films for malaria microscopy respectively.
Results: Fibrinogen result; 760.44±16.18 ng/ml of malaria-positive pregnant women was elevated compared to the malaria-negative women; 697.70±18.84 ng/ml and the non-pregnant control values of 704.73±15.25 ng/ml. These values were significantly different [P<.011] between the study groups. Results of tissue plasminogen activator [tPA]; 46.39±2.69 ng/ml, D-dimer; 77.64±6.94 ng/ml, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1]; 89.73±2.14 ng/ml, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 [PAI-2]; 568.00±12.51 ng/ml, plasminogen; 23.82±0.75 ng/ml and 2-antiplasmin; 1314.06±34.64 ng/ml of the malaria-positive pregnant women were significantly different [P=0.0001] from non-positive pregnant women; tPA; 28.87±1.38 ng/ml, D-dimer; 53.90±1.18 ng/ml., PAI-1; 80.00± 1.81 ng/ml, PAI-2; 456.31±5.94 ng/ml, Plasminogen; 16.63±0.67 ng/ml and 2-antiplasmin; 1130.61±29.74 ng/ml . Both results were significantly different [P=0.0001] from the non-pregnant control group; tPA; 31.34±1.64 ng/ml, D-dimer; 30.24±1.04 ng/ml, PAI-1; 65,47±2,33 ng/ml, PAI-2; 427.86±6.95 ng/ml, plasminogen; 16.49±0.04 ng/ml and 2-antiplasmin; 1016.98±24.51 ng/ml.
Conclusion: The study witnessed significantly high concentrations of fibrinolytic markers in malaria-positive pregnant women. This could be due to compromised endothelial cell function resulting to overproduction of biomarkers of fibrinolysis. The implication is thrombus formation and excessive bleeding in pregnancy which could lead to miscarriages, fetal death or maternal mortality.
A Case of Tacotsubo Cardiomyopathy - How We Uncovered the Diagnosis
Authors: Andova V. , Otljanska M. , Taravari H. , Jovkovski A. , Kostova N. , Caparoska E. , Zafirovska B. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Tacotsubo cardiomyopathu (TTC) is a stress-induced condition characterized by transient appical hypokinesia and is usually caused by stress-induced catecholamine release with toxic action that leads to stunning myocardium.
Methods and Results: The patient was a 62 year old woman without any history of heart disease and she admitted with chest pain and electrocardiography (ECG) with ST segment elevation in the precordial leads and troponins suggesting acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI). Emergency coronary angiography which is performed showed no significant coronary artery disease. Echocardiography showed reduced LV ejection fraction with left ventricular apical ballooning and (LV) thrombus. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed localized hypokinesia of the mid septal segments and akinesis of all segments of the apex of the left ventricle and T2 hyperintesity consistent with myocardial transmural oedema in the same area with diffuse involvement. During the hospitalizasion patient was treated with single antiplatelet, anticoagulation therapy, diuretics, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and beta blockers for treatment of heart failure reduced Ejection fraction (HFrEF). At 3 months follow up ECG was normal with reversal of symptoms and regression of wall motion abnormalities at echocardiography. According to investigation results, a diagnosis of tako­tsubo syndrome (TTS) was established.
Conclusion: Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy often presents as an acute coronary syndrome with ST segment changes, as ST-segment elevation and/or T-wave inversion. Clinical presentation is characterized by acute coronary artery disease, in the absence of obstruction, verified by coronarography.Diagnostic methods are very important to make true decision of Tacotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Monoclonal antibody 4B1 influences the pKa of Glu325 in lactose permease (LacY) from Escherichia coli: evidence from SEIRAS
Authors: Omeis Fatima , Santos Seica Ana Filipa , Ermolova Natalia , Kaback H. Ronald , Hellwig Petra 
Published: August 2020

The monoclonal antibody 4B1 binds to a conformational epitope on the periplasmic side of lactose permease (LacY) of Escherichia coli and inhibits H+/lactose symport and lactose efflux under nonenergized conditions. At the same time, ligand binding and translocation reactions that do not involve net H+ translocation remain unaffected by 4B1. In this study, surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy applied to the immobilized LacY was used to study the pH‐dependent changes in LacY and to access in situ the effect of the 4B1 antibody on the pKa of Glu325, the primary functional H+‐binding site in LacY. A small shift of the pK value from 10.5 to 9.5 was identified that can be corroborated with the inactivation of LacY upon 4B1 binding.
An open‐source tool to visualize potential cone collisions while planning SRS cases
Authors: Licon Anna Laura , Alexandrian Ara , Saenz Daniel , Myers Pamela , Rasmussen Karl , Stathakis Sotirios , Papanikolaou Niko , Kirby Neil 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTo create an open‐source visualization program that allows one to find potential cone collisions while planning intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery cases.MethodsMeasurements of physical components in the treatment room (gantry, cone, table, localization stereotactic radiation surgery frame, etc.) were incorporated into a script in MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA) that produces three‐dimensional visualizations of the components. A localization frame, used during simulation, fully contains the patient. This frame was used to represent a safety zone for collisions. Simple geometric objects are used to approximate the simulated components. The couch is represented as boxes, the gantry head and cone are represented by cylinders, and the patient safety zone can be represented by either a box or ellipsoid. These objects are translated and rotated based upon the beam geometry and the treatment isocenter to mimic treatment. A simple graphical user interface (GUI) was made in MATLAB (compatible with GNU Octave) to allow users to pass the treatment isocenter location, the initial and terminal gantry angles, the couch angle, and the number of angular points to visualize between the initial and terminal gantry angle.ResultsThe GUI provides a fast and simple way to discover collisions in the treatment room before the treatment plan is completed. Twenty patient arcs were used as an end‐to‐end validation of the system. Seventeen of these appeared the same in the software as in the room. Three of the arcs appeared closer in the software than in the room. This is due to the treatment couch having rounded corners, whereas the software visualizes sharp corners.ConclusionsThis simple GUI can be used to find the best orientation of beams for each patient. By finding collisions before a plan is being simulated in the treatment room, a user can save time due to replanning of cases.
Genetic variation contributes to gene expression response in ischemic stroke: an eQTL study
Authors: Amini Hajar , Shroff Natasha , Stamova Boryana , Ferino Eva , Carmona‐Mora Paulina , Zhan Xinhua , Sitorus Preston P. , Hull Heather , Jickling Glen C. , Sharp Frank R. , Ander Bradley P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to complex disorders such as ischemic stroke (IS). Since SNPs could affect IS by altering gene expression, we studied the association of common SNPs with changes in mRNA expression (i.e. expression quantitative trait loci; eQTL) in blood after IS.MethodsRNA and DNA were isolated from 137 patients with acute IS and 138 vascular risk factor controls (VRFC). Gene expression was measured using Affymetrix HTA 2.0 microarrays and SNP variants were assessed with Axiom Biobank Genotyping microarrays. A linear model with a genotype (SNP) × diagnosis (IS and VRFC) interaction term was fit for each SNP‐gene pair.ResultsThe eQTL interaction analysis revealed significant genotype × diagnosis interaction for four SNP‐gene pairs as cis‐eQTL and 70 SNP‐gene pairs as trans‐eQTL. Cis‐eQTL involved in the inflammatory response to IS included rs56348411 which correlated with neurogranin expression (NRGN), rs78046578 which correlated with CXCL10 expression, rs975903 which correlated with SMAD4 expression, and rs62299879 which correlated with CD38 expression. These four genes are important in regulating inflammatory response and BBB stabilization. SNP rs148791848 was a strong trans‐eQTL for anosmin‐1 (ANOS1) which is involved in neural cell adhesion and axonal migration and may be important after stroke.InterpretationThis study highlights the contribution of genetic variation to regulating gene expression following IS. Specific inflammatory response to stroke is at least partially influenced by genetic variation. This has implications for progressing toward personalized treatment strategies. Additional research is required to investigate these genes as therapeutic targets.
Myths and misconceptions about hypnosis and suggestion: Separating fact and fiction
Authors: Lynn Steven Jay , Kirsch Irving , Terhune Devin B. , Green Joseph P. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryWe present 21 prominent myths and misconceptions about hypnosis in order to promulgate accurate information and to highlight questions for future research. We argue that these myths and misconceptions have (a) fostered a skewed and stereotyped view of hypnosis among the lay public, (b) discouraged participant involvement in potentially helpful hypnotic interventions, and (c) impeded the exploration and application of hypnosis in scientific and practitioner communities. Myths reviewed span the view that hypnosis produces a trance or special state of consciousness and allied myths on topics related to hypnotic interventions; hypnotic responsiveness and the modification of hypnotic suggestibility; inducing hypnosis; and hypnosis and memory, awareness, and the experience of nonvolition. By demarcating myth from mystery and fact from fiction, and by highlighting what is known as well as what remains to be discovered, the science and practice of hypnosis can be advanced and grounded on a firmer empirical footing.
Adaptive yaw stability control by coordination of active steering and braking with an optimized lower‐level controller
Authors: Ahmadian Narjes , Khosravi Alireza , Sarhadi Pouria 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this article, an integrated multiinput multioutput model reference adaptive control algorithm is presented based on active front steering and effective direct yaw moment distribution as an advanced driver assistance system. Vehicle parameter uncertainties in mass and tire‐road friction coefficient are considered through adaptation laws at the upper level in the control structure. The efficient distribution of yaw moment on the rear wheels is performed via a constrained optimization at the lower control level. Control commands are executed by additive steering angle on front wheels and brake torque applied on one of the rear wheels. Simulation results for different lateral maneuvers are employed for the evaluation of the proposed adaptive control method. The performance of the integrated control algorithm to enhance vehicle handling and stability is shown on various road conditions.
Optimal filtering and control for wireless networked closed‐loop control systems
Authors: Dong Jianhuai , Dong Zhixuan 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis article studies the optimal filtering and control for wireless networked control systems (WNCSs). In WNCSs, packets may be lost in both control and feedback channels and user datagram protocol is usually used to improve the performance of the real‐time control. Relevant literature indicates that the conventional optimal filtering for such a system cannot be applied in practice due to the complex calculation with Gaussian mixtures. This paper proposes a novel scheme to realize the optimal filtering and the linear quadratic Gaussian control for WNCSs, in which the controlled node performs a local estimation and the remote‐control node performs the final estimation and control, and a synchronization of two estimators is guaranteed by a communication mechanism. An optimal filtering algorithm is developed, the stability condition of the filtering error covariance is obtained, optimal finite‐horizon and infinite‐horizon control are derived, and the stability of the closed‐loop control system is proved. Numerical simulations show the validity and feasibility of the theoretical results.