bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Litter traits and rainfall reduction alter microbial litter decomposers: the evidence from three Mediterranean forests
Authors: Pereira S , Burešová A , Kopecky J , Mádrová P , Aupic-Samain A , Fernandez C , Baldy V , Sagova-Mareckova M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in microbial communities with the predicted arrival of new species to Mediterranean forests under projected intensification of water stress conditions. For that, litter from three Mediterranean forests dominated respectively by Quercus pubescens Willd., Quercus ilex L. and Pinus halepensis Mill. was collected, and placed to their ‘home’ forest but also to the two other forests under natural and amplified drought conditions (i.e. rainfall reduction of 30%). Quantitative PCR showed that overall, actinobacteria and total bacteria were more abundant in Q. pubescens and Q. ilex than in P. halepensis litter. However, the abundance of both groups was dependent on the forest sites: placement of allochthonous litter to Q. pubescens and P. halepensis forests (i.e. P. halepensis and Q. pubescens, respectively) increased bacterial and fungal abundances, while no effect was observed in Q. ilex forest. P. halepensis litter in Q. pubescens and Q. ilex forests significantly reduced actinobacteria (A/F) and total bacteria (B/F) to fungi ratios. The reduction of rainfall did not influence actinobacteria and bacteria but caused an increase of fungi. As a result, a reduction of A/F ratio is expected with the plant community change towards the dominance of spreading P. halepensis under amplified drought conditions.
Allostery in oligomeric receptor models
Authors: Conradi Smith Gregory Douglas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe show how equilibrium binding curves of receptor homodimers can be expressed as rational polynomial functions of the equilibrium binding curves of the constituent monomers, without approximation and without assuming independence of receptor monomers. Using a distinguished spanning tree construction for reduced graph powers, the method properly accounts for thermodynamic constraints and allosteric interactions between receptor monomers (i.e. conformational coupling). The method is completely general; it begins with an arbitrary undirected graph representing the topology of a monomer state-transition diagram and ends with an algebraic expression for the equilibrium binding curve of a receptor oligomer composed of two or more identical and indistinguishable monomers. Several specific examples are analysed, including guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptor dimers and tetramers composed of multiple ‘ternary complex’ monomers.
Responses of dipole-source reflected shear waves in acoustically slow formations
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Ning , Wang Caizhi , Wu Hongliang , Liu Peng , Li Yusheng , Liu Yingming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the process of dipole-source acoustic far-detection logging, the azimuth of the fracture outside the borehole can be determined with the assumption that the SH–SH wave is stronger than the SV–SV wave. However, in slow formations, the considerable borehole modulation highly complicates the dipole-source radiation of SH and SV waves. A 3D finite-difference time-domain method is used to investigate the responses of the dipole-source reflected shear wave (S–S) in slow formations and explain the relationships between the azimuth characteristics of the S–S wave and the source–receiver offset and the dip angle of the fracture outside the borehole. Results indicate that the SH–SH and SV–SV waves cannot be effectively distinguished by amplitude at some offset ranges under low- and high-fracture dip angle conditions, and the offset ranges are related to formation properties and fracture dip angle. In these cases, the fracture azimuth determined by the amplitude of the S–S wave not only has a $180^\circ $ uncertainty but may also have a $90^\circ $ difference from the actual value. Under these situations, the P–P, S–P and S–S waves can be combined to solve the problem of the $90^\circ $ difference in the azimuth determination of fractures outside the borehole, especially for a low-dip-angle fracture.
CJEU rules that repeal of provisional measure does not automatically create liability for wrongful enforcement
Authors: Dijkman Léon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Court of Justice of the European Union, Case C-688/17 Bayer Pharma AG v Richter Gedeon Vegyészeti Gyár Nyrt. and Exeltis Magyarország Gyógyszerkereskedelmi Kft. (2019) EU:C:2019:722
In its ruling in Bayer, the Court of Justice of the European Union found that denial of compensation to a provisionally enjoined party in case of later revocation of a patent may be allowable under Article 9(7) of Directive 2004/48/EC (the Enforcement Directive).
Markets and Market Values of Nontimber Forest Products in the United States: A Review, Synthesis, and Identification of Future Research Needs
Authors: Frey Gregory E , Alexander Susan J , Chamberlain James L , Blatner Keith A , Coffin Alisa W , Barlow Rebecca J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough numerous and varied users harvest, trade, and consume nontimber forest products (NTFPs), relatively little is known about the organization of the markets for these products and the market value or contribution to local and regional economies. In this article, we review and synthesize economic research and information on the markets and market values of NTFPs in the United States. We describe formal and informal markets for NTFPs, and the extent to which and reasons why many of the details of these markets remain unknown to researchers and decisionmakers. We provide examples of the market values of various species and identify information gaps and research needs to improve resource management and increase economic development.
Heart Rate Variability as an Index of Resilience
Authors: An Eric , Nolty Anne A T , Amano Stacy S , Rizzo Albert A , Buckwalter J Galen , Rensberger Jared 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Resilience is the ability to maintain or quickly return to a stable physical and psychological equilibrium despite experiencing stressful events. Flexibility of the autonomic nervous system is particularly important for adaptive stress responses and may contribute to individual differences in resilience. Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) allows measurement of sympathovagal balance, which helps to evaluate autonomic flexibility. The present study investigated HRV as a broad index of resilience.

Materials and Methods
Twenty-four male participants from the Army National Guard Special Forces completed psychological measures known to relate to resilience and had HRV measured while undergoing stressful virtual environment scenarios. Pearson product-moment correlations were used to explore the relationships between HRV and resilience factors. All research was conducted with the oversight of the Human Subjects Review Committee of Fuller Theological Seminary.

Results
Trends toward significance were reported in order to provide results that would reasonably be expected in a study of higher power. Trends between resilience factors and HRV were found only during specific stress-inducing simulations (see Tables III).

Conclusion
Greater resilience to stress was associated with HRV during nonstress periods. Higher levels of resilience to traumatic events were associated with HRV during circumstances that were more stressful and emotionally distressing. Post hoc analysis revealed that specific factors including flexibility, emotional control, and spirituality were driving the relationship between general resilience and HRV following emotionally laden stressors. Less stress vulnerability was associated with HRV following intermittent brief stressors. In sum, HRV appears to represent some aspects of an individual’s overall resilience profile. Although resilience remains a complex, multidimensional construct, HRV shows promise as a global psychophysiological index of resilience. This study also offers important perspectives concerning ways to optimize both physical and psychological health.
Numerical modelling of the lobes of radio galaxies in cluster environments – IV. Remnant radio galaxies
Authors: English W , Hardcastle M J , Krause M G H 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We examine the remnant phase of radio galaxies using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of relativistic jets propagating through cluster environments. By switching the jets off once the lobes have reached a certain length we can study how the energy distribution between the lobes and shocked intracluster medium compares to that of an active source, as well as calculate synchrotron emission properties of the remnant sources. We see that as a result of disturbed cluster gas beginning to settle back into the initial cluster potential, streams of dense gas are pushed along the jet axis behind the remnant lobes, causing them to rise out of the cluster faster than they would due to buoyancy. This leads to increased adiabatic losses and a rapid dimming. The rapid decay of total flux density and surface brightness may explain the small number of remnant sources found in samples with a high flux density limit and may cause analytic models to overestimate the remnant fraction expected in sensitive surveys such as those now being carried out with LOFAR.
Neutrino fluence from gamma-ray bursts: off-axis view of structured jets
Authors: Ahlers Markus , Halser Lea 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We investigate the expected high-energy neutrino fluence from internal shocks produced in the relativistic outflow of gamma-ray bursts. Previous model predictions have primarily focused on on-axis observations of uniform jets. Here, we present a generalization to account for arbitrary viewing angles and jet structures. Based on this formalism, we provide an improved scaling relation that expresses off-axis neutrino fluences in terms of on-axis model predictions. We also find that the neutrino fluence from structured jets can exhibit a strong angular dependence relative to that of gamma-rays and can be far more extended. We examine this behaviour in detail for the recent short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A observed in coincidence with the gravitational wave event GW170817.
Study of the Galactic radio sources in the SCORPIO survey resolved by ATCA at 2.1 GHz
Authors: Ingallinera A , Umana G , Trigilio C , Norris R , Franzen T M O , Cavallaro F , Leto P , Buemi C , Schillirò F , Bufano F , Riggi S , Loru S , Agliozzo C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present a catalogue of a large sample of extended radio sources in the SCORPIO field, observed and resolved by the Australia Telescope Compact Array. SCORPIO, a pathfinder project for addressing the early operations of the Australia SKA Pathfinder, is a survey of ∼5 square degrees between 1.4 and 3.1 GHz, centered at l = 343.5○, b = 0.75○ and with an angular resolution of about 10 arcsec. It is aimed at understanding the scientific and technical challenges to be faced by future Galactic surveys. With a mean sensitivity around $100\ \mu \mathrm{Jy\ beam}^{-1}$ and the possibility to recover angular scales at least up to 4 arcmin, we extracted 99 extended sources, 35 of them detected for the first time. Among the 64 known sources 55 had at least a tentative classification in literature. Studying the radio morphology and comparing the radio emission with infrared we propose as candidates 6 new H ii regions, 2 new planetary nebulae, 2 new luminous blue variable or Wolf–Rayet stars and 3 new supernova remnants. This study provides an overview of the potentiality of future radio surveys in terms of Galactic source extraction and characterization and a discussion on the difficulty to reduce and analyze interferometric data on the Galactic plane.
Combining high-z galaxy luminosity functions with Bayesian evidence
Authors: Gillet Nicolas J F , Mesinger Andrei , Park Jaehong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Galaxy formation during the first billion years of our Universe remains a challenging problem at the forefront of astrophysical cosmology. Although these $z\,\,{\gtrsim}\,\,6$ galaxies are likely responsible for the last major phase change of our Universe, the epoch of reionization (EoR), detailed studies are possible only for relatively rare, bright objects. Characterizing the fainter galaxies which are more representative of the population as a whole is currently done mainly through their non-ionizing UV luminosity function (LF). Observing the faint end of the UV LFs is nevertheless challenging, and current estimates can differ by orders of magnitude. Here we propose a methodology to combine disparate high-z UV LF estimates in a Bayesian framework: Bayesian Data-analysis Averaging (BDA). Using a flexible, physically-motivated galaxy model, we compute the relative evidence of various z = 6 UV LFs within the magnitude range −20 ≤ MUV ≤ −15 which is common to the data sets. Our model, based primarily on power-law scalings of the halo mass function, naturally penalizes systematically jagged points as well as misestimated errors. We then use the relative evidence to weigh the posteriors obtained from disparate LF data sets during the EoR, 6 ≤ z ≤ 10. The resulting LF posteriors suggest that the star formation rate density (SFRD) integrated down to a UV magnitude of -17 represent $60.9^{+11.3}_{-9.6}\%$ / $28.2^{+9.3}_{-10.1}\%$ / $5.7^{+4.5}_{-4.7}\%$ of the total SFRD at redshifts 6 / 10 / 15. The BDA framework we introduce enables galaxy models to leverage multiple, analogous LF estimates when constraining their free parameters.
A systematic study of spiral density waves in the accretion discs of cataclysmic variables
Authors: Ruiz-Carmona R , Groot P J , Steeghs D 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Spiral density waves are thought to be excited in the accretion discs of accreting compact objects, including cataclysmic variable stars (CVs). Observational evidence has been obtained for a handful of systems in outburst over the last two decades. We present the results of a systematic study searching for spiral density waves in CVs, and report their detection in two of the sixteen observed systems. While most of the systems observed present asymmetric, non-Keplerian accretion discs during outburst, the presence of ordered structures interpreted as spiral density waves is not as ubiquitous as previously anticipated. From a comparison of systems by their system parameters it appears that inclination of the systems may play a major role, favouring the visibility and/or detection of spiral waves in systems seen at high inclination.
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): properties and evolution of red spiral galaxies
Authors: Mahajan Smriti , Gupta Kriti Kamal , Rana Rahul , Brown M J I , Phillipps S , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Bremer M N , Brough S , Holwerda B W , Hopkins A M , Loveday J , Pimbblet Kevin , Wang Lingyu 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We use multiwavelength data from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey to explore the cause of red optical colours in nearby (0.002 < z < 0.06) spiral galaxies. We show that the colours of red spiral galaxies are a direct consequence of some environment-related mechanism(s) that has removed dust and gas, leading to a lower star formation rate. We conclude that this process acts on long time-scales (several Gyr) due to a lack of morphological transformation associated with the transition in optical colour. The specific star formation rate (sSFR) and dust-to-stellar mass ratio of red spiral galaxies is found to be statistically lower than blue spiral galaxies. On the other hand, red spirals are on average 0.9 dex more massive, and reside in environments 2.6 times denser than their blue counterparts. We find no evidence of excessive nuclear activity, or higher inclination angles to support these as the major causes for the red optical colours seen in ≳47 per cent of all spirals in our sample. Furthermore, for a small subsample of our spiral galaxies that are detected in H i, we find that the SFR of gas-rich red spiral galaxies is lower by ∼1 dex than their blue counterparts.
Hydrostatic mass estimates of massive galaxy clusters: a study with varying hydrodynamics flavours and non-thermal pressure support
Authors: Pearce Francesca A , Kay Scott T , Barnes David J , Bower Richard G , Schaller Matthieu 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We use a set of 45 simulated clusters with a wide mass range (8 × 1013 < M500 [M⊙] < 2 × 1015) to investigate the effect of varying hydrodynamics flavours on cluster mass estimates. The cluster zooms were simulated using the same cosmological models as the BAHAMAS and C-EAGLE projects, leading to differences in both the hydrodynamics solvers and the subgrid physics but still producing clusters that broadly match observations. At the same mass resolution as BAHAMAS, for the most massive clusters (M500 > 1015 M⊙), we find that changes in the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method produce the greatest differences in the final halo, while the subgrid models dominate at lower mass. By calculating the mass of all of the clusters using different permutations of the pressure, temperature, and density profiles, created with either the true simulated data or mock spectroscopic data, we find that the spectroscopic temperature causes a bias in the hydrostatic mass estimates that increases with the mass of the cluster, regardless of the SPH flavour used. For the most massive clusters, the estimated mass of the cluster using spectroscopic density and temperature profiles is found to be as low as 50 per cent of the true mass compared to ∼90 per cent for low-mass clusters. When including a correction for non-thermal pressure, the spectroscopic hydrostatic mass estimates are less biased on average and the mass dependence of the bias is reduced, although the scatter in the measurements does increase.
Numerical modelling of medium-speed impacts on a granular surface in a low-gravity environment application to Hayabusa2 sampling mechanism
Authors: Thuillet Florian , Michel Patrick , Tachibana Shogo , Ballouz Ronald-L , Schwartz Stephen R 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTEven if craters are very common on Solar System body surfaces, crater formation in granular media such as the ones covering most of visited asteroids still needs to be better understood, above all in low-gravity environments. JAXA’s sample return mission Hayabusa2, currently visiting asteroid (162173) Ryugu, is a perfect opportunity for studying medium-speed impacts into granular matter, since its sampling mechanism partly consists of a 300 m s−1 impact. In this paper, we look at medium-speed impacts, from 50 to 300 m s−1, into a granular material bed, to better understand crater formation and ejecta characteristics. We then consider the sampler horn of Hayabusa2 sampling mechanism and monitor the distribution of particles inside the horn. We find that the cratering process is much longer under low gravity, and that the crater formation mechanism does not seem to depend on the impact speed, in the considered range. The Z-model seems to rightly represent our velocity field for a steady excavation state. From the impact, less than $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ is transmitted into the target, and grains are ejected mostly with angles between 48° and 54°. Concerning the sampling mechanism, we find that for most of the simulations, the science goal of 100 mg is fulfilled, and that a second impact increases the number of ejecta but not necessarily the number of collected particles.
Distinct CoREST complexes act in a cell-type-specific manner
Authors: Mačinković Igor , Theofel Ina , Hundertmark Tim , Kovač Kristina , Awe Stephan , Lenz Jonathan , Forné Ignasi , Lamp Boris , Nist Andrea , Imhof Axel , Stiewe Thorsten , Renkawitz-Pohl Renate , Rathke Christina , Brehm Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCoREST has been identified as a subunit of several protein complexes that generate transcriptionally repressive chromatin structures during development. However, a comprehensive analysis of the CoREST interactome has not been carried out. We use proteomic approaches to define the interactomes of two dCoREST isoforms, dCoREST-L and dCoREST-M, in Drosophila. We identify three distinct histone deacetylase complexes built around a common dCoREST/dRPD3 core: A dLSD1/dCoREST complex, the LINT complex and a dG9a/dCoREST complex. The latter two complexes can incorporate both dCoREST isoforms. By contrast, the dLSD1/dCoREST complex exclusively assembles with the dCoREST-L isoform. Genome-wide studies show that the three dCoREST complexes associate with chromatin predominantly at promoters. Transcriptome analyses in S2 cells and testes reveal that different cell lineages utilize distinct dCoREST complexes to maintain cell-type-specific gene expression programmes: In macrophage-like S2 cells, LINT represses germ line-related genes whereas other dCoREST complexes are largely dispensable. By contrast, in testes, the dLSD1/dCoREST complex prevents transcription of germ line-inappropriate genes and is essential for spermatogenesis and fertility, whereas depletion of other dCoREST complexes has no effect. Our study uncovers three distinct dCoREST complexes that function in a lineage-restricted fashion to repress specific sets of genes thereby maintaining cell-type-specific gene expression programmes.
96. Human Papilloma Viruses Associated Diseases in a Cohort of Patients with Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia
Authors: Mystakelis Harry , Laidlaw Elizabeth , Anderson Megan , Ye Peiying , Manion Maura , Brownell Isaac , Sereti Irini , Lisco Andrea 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare immunodeficiency characterized by an absolute CD4+ T count of < 300 cells/µL, in absence of HIV-infection or any other known cause. Patients with ICL have an increased risk of opportunistic infections. The prevalence, natural history, and spectrum of Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) associated diseases in ICL patients are unknown.

Methods
ICL patients were enrolled in a prospective observational study (N = 90). Demographic, clinical, and immunologic data were analyzed by nonparametric Methods. Immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry.

Results
The median age of ICL patients was 48 years, 47% were women, and 92% were Caucasian. Sixty-five percent of patients had at least one opportunistic infection, with HPV being the most prevalent (34.4%), followed by cryptococcal disease (22%), shingles (15.5%), molluscum contagiosum (8.8%), Histoplasma capsulatum (4.4%), Mycobacterium avium complex (4.4%), and progressive multifocal encephalopathy (2.2%). HPV-related diseases were identified in 18 women and 13 men. ICL patients with HPV disease were younger compared with those without (median age 34 vs. 53.5 years, P < 0.0001). Nine (29%) had anogenital, 9 (29%) had a cutaneous disease (verruca plana, verrucous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma) while 13 (42%) had both anogenital and cutaneous disease. Patients with HPV-related disease were also more likely to have history of cryptococcal disease, shingles or molluscum (P = 0.036, P = 0.22 and 0.11, respectively). Thirteen patients had HPV-associated cancers: 7 both mucosal and skin and 3 either skin or mucosal malignancies. Patients with HPV-disease had lower CD4+ T cells (median CD4 70 vs. 114 cells/µL, P = 0.036). No differences were observed in the numbers of CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and levels of IgG between patients with and without HPV disease.

Conclusion
HPV-related disease represents the most common opportunistic infection in ICL patients. Patients with ICL and HPV disease are younger, have lower CD4s and high prevalence of HPV-associated malignancies. Therefore, for patients presenting early in life with severe HPV disease further immunological workup should be considered and for patients with ICL excessive screening for HPV-related malignancies should be a priority.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported Disclosures.