bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nudge tools for improving hygiene behavior among food handlers: Case study
Authors: Štefančič Valentina , Jevšnik Mojca 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to determine the actual state of food handlers' hygiene behavior and analyze the effectiveness of selected nudge tools in the retirement home kitchen. The observation process of the food handlers' work was performed by following a pre‐prepared observation checklist. Based on the actual state of hygiene behavior of the food handlers, we consecutively introduced the following nudge tools: stories about foodborne disease outbreaks, the image of a probe thermometer, citrus scent and citrus scent with an inscription. The data were processed using Excel and the calculated proportions of relevance of the criteria for hygiene behavior were compared by stages of observation according to working time. The observation before the introduction of nudge tools revealed that the food handlers in the selected kitchen do not always follow all criteria of hygienic behavior. The nudge tools affected the food handlers differently. The stories about foodborne disease outbreaks used as a nudge tool did not significantly affect the hygiene behavior of the food handlers. The image of a probe thermometer as a nudge tool significantly improved compliance with and control of the critical control points. Citrus scent as a nudge tool had a very different effect on the behavior of the food handlers: some of them were disturbed by the presence of the diffuser, while others felt more relaxed. Citrus scent with a short inscription significantly improved the hygiene behavior of the food handlers at all critical stages of food preparation.
How does workplace bullying influence nurses’ abilities to provide patient care? A nurse perspective
Authors: Anusiewicz Colleen V. , Ivankova Nataliya V. , Swiger Pauline A. , Gillespie Gordon L. , Li Peng , Patrician Patricia A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how workplace bullying influences nurses’ abilities to provide patient care.BackgroundNurses’ experiences of workplace bullying undermine nursing work environments and potentially threaten patient care. Although there is a link between nurses’ experiences of workplace bullying and poor patient care, additional exploration is necessary as current evidence remains underdeveloped and inconclusive.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodsFifteen inpatient staff nurses who have experienced workplace bullying while working in one hospital located in the southern region of the USA participated in individual, semi‐structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse interview transcripts in NVivo 12 software. The COREQ checklist for qualitative studies has been used in reporting this study.ResultsThree themes, and respective subthemes, were generated from data analysis: (a) workplace bullying as part of the nursing work environment, (b) workplace bullying's influence on nurses and (c) workplace bullying's influence on patient care. Workplace bullying was perceived to be inherent in the nursing work environment; nurses felt that they were targets of workplace bullying because (a) they were new nurses, (b) there was an abuse of power, or (c) the nature of the work occasioned it. Nurses were mentally and emotionally influenced by the bullying. Some nurses perceived that workplace bullying did influence their ability to provide patient care; however, others did not.ConclusionsOrganisations must support new nurses and manage relational attributes of the nursing work environment to reduce workplace bullying. Nursing leaders should receive education on fostering and sustaining favourable nursing work environments and be held accountable for behavioural expectations of the organisation.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding how nurses perceive the work environment to influence their experiences of workplace bullying informs the development of organisational interventions to reduce the behaviour. Furthermore, exploring how nurses’ experiences of workplace bullying influences their abilities to provide patient care increases our understanding of workplace bullying implications.
Dementia caregivers training needs and preferences for online interventions: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Teles Soraia , Paúl Constança , Sosa Napolskij Milaydis , Ferreira Ana 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo explore how informal caregivers of persons with dementia perceive training needs and preferences in the context of online training and support interventions.BackgroundInformal dementia caregivers commonly present high needs across several domains. Paradoxically, they are more likely to have unmet needs and lower levels of service usage when compared to other caregivers. Most studies on unmet needs of dementia caregivers have been quantitative and resorted to assessment checklists, with a minority focusing on subjective needs.DesignMixed‐methods.MethodsEighty‐eight Portuguese digitally literate caregivers filled a web‐based questionnaire collecting written statements on training needs and importance ratings on design preferences. Content analysis of text data was carried out by two independent researchers to check the reliability of the analytic process. Descriptive statistics were produced for ratings on design preferences, and associations with caregivers' sociodemographic and care‐related variables were inspected. Reporting followed the criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist.ResultsFive main categories of training needs have emerged: knowledge of dementia; care interactions; caregiver self‐care; community resources; and laws or regulations affecting the caregiver and the care recipient. The most reported need was on care interactions, on the subcategory of providing good quality care. Thematic prominence was analysed according to the caregiver, caregiving and health perception characteristics, with trends found on formal education, relationship with the care recipient, number of hours caring per week, perceived level of dependence of the care recipient and perceived physical and psychological health status of the caregiver. Most valued design features included the use of plain language, easy to interact interface and communication with a professional.ConclusionsFindings from this study further support the delivery of comprehensive interventions addressing the multiple needs of caregivers.Relevance to clinical practiceClues are provided for the delivery of online interventions, and conclusions are useful to health professionals working with dementia caregivers.
Oral retinoid, acitretin, is effective in the management of resistant recurrent vulval verrucous carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Fox Emily , Elghobashy Mirna , Hamad Hamdi , Moiemen Naiem , El‐Ghobashy Alaa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVerrucous carcinomas are a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Vulval verrucous carcinoma comprises only 1% of vulval malignancies. This case report discusses the successful management of aggressive recurrent vulval verrucous carcinoma with acitretin, an oral synthetic retinoid used to manage severe psoriasis, after multiple surgical interventions and radiotherapy had failed. This is the first reported case in which verrucous carcinoma had recurred in a musculocutaneous graft. To manage the recurrence, the patient underwent radiotherapy, which did not resolve the condition. The patient was then administered acitretin 25 mg once daily, which successfully resolved the condition, and the patient has been symptom free for 6 months. This report aims to propose the use of acitretin as a management option for recurrent verrucous carcinomas.
When and how favour rendering ameliorates workplace ostracism over time: Moderating effect of self‐monitoring and mediating effect of popularity enhancement
Authors: Wu Chia‐Huei , Kwan Ho Kwong , Liu Jun , Lee Cynthia 
Published: August 2020

Despite increasing scholarly attention to workplace ostracism, victims receive little guidance regarding how to break its negative spiral over time. Drawing on a multi‐motive model of rejection‐related experiences and the cybernetic model of impression management, this study examines how and why ostracized employees might ameliorate workplace ostracism through impression management efforts to enhance their popularity. Specifically, an ostracized worker may employ favour rendering tactics to enhance her or his popularity, as reported by peers, which can help reduce ostracism. In addition, ostracized employees with strong self‐monitoring tendencies may be more likely to employ favour rendering tactics and use them more effectively to enhance their popularity and thus reduce ostracism. Data collected from 277 employee–coworker pairs in a three‐wave, time‐lagged design over 2 years confirm the proposed hypotheses, tested in a two‐stage moderated mediation model. These findings have theoretical implications for ostracism research, as well as practical implications to help employees and organizations overcome ostracism.Practitioner points

Being ostracized often prompts self‐focused responses, but to reduce it, ostracized employees instead should pay attention to others and seek to help others to alter the treatment they receive from others.

High self‐monitoring employees tend to employ favour rendering tactics to increase their popularity and mitigate ostracism.

To help ostracized employees mitigate ostracism, managers and organizations can suggest ways to increase their popularity among their peers.
Preferred attribute elicitation methodology compared to conventional descriptive analysis: A study using probiotic yogurt sweetened with xylitol and added with prebiotic components
Authors: da Costa Guilherme Mamede , de Paula Marlon Memédio , Costa Giselle Nobre , Esmerino Erick Almeida , Silva Ramon , de Freitas Mônica Queiroz , Barão Carlos Eduardo , Cruz Adriano Gomes , Pimentel Tatiana Colombo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the preferred attribute elicitation—PAE methodology (n = 20 consumers) with conventional descriptive analysis—DA (n = 15 trained judges) to determine the sensory profile of probiotic yogurts (L. casei) sweetened with xylitol, sucrose, or sucralose and added with prebiotic components (oligofructose or polydextrose). The sensory acceptance obtained using PAE (n = 20) and general (n = 65) consumers was compared. The majority of the elicited attributes (color, brightness, sweet taste, acid taste, bitter taste, consistency, and creaminess) were considered important for the characterization/acceptance of yogurts by both trained judges (DA) and consumers (PAE). The three most important attributes for the acceptance of yogurts (sweet taste, creaminess, and consistency) were provided by PAE. A similar sensory profile was described in both methods (Rv = 0.92, p = .02), and the sensory acceptance obtained using PAE consumers was similar to that obtained with general consumers. PAE methodology can be used to characterize sensorially and to determine the consumers' acceptance of functional yogurts.Practical applicationsDA is an established methodology that provides reproducible, consistent, and detailed results. However, it has the disadvantages of high cost and long training time. This study demonstrated that PAE methodology can be used to characterize the functional yogurts similarly to the DA. This methodology could be applied in one evaluation section, without the need for training the panel. In addition, PAE determined that consumers are interested in buying yogurts with a higher sweet taste, creamier, and more consistent, which can assist industries in reformulating their products. Finally, PAE can be used to determine the consumers' acceptance of functional yogurts.
Black mulberry fruit extract alleviates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: targeting TNF-α inflammatory pathway
Authors: Abouzed Tarek Kamal , Sadek Kadry M , Ghazy Emad Waded , Abdo Walied , Kassab Mohmed Atef , Hago Salma , Abdel-Wahab Samia , Mahrous Engy A , Abdel-Sattar Essam , Assar Doaa H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study was designed to investigate the effect of Morus nigra fruit extract in retarding the progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
Diabetic male Wistar rats were injected with black mulberry fruit extract (BMFE) at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight. After 4 weeks, microalbuminuria was estimated in addition to serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, creatinine and albumin.

Key findings
The study revealed a significant amelioration of all the measured parameters in diabetic animals. In addition, MDA, lipid peroxide levels and catalase activity were also improved. The histopathological examination of kidney tissues revealed significant improvement of the pathological changes and glomerular sclerosis in diabetic rats treated with BMFE. Treated rats showed downregulation of TNF-α, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and fibronectin mRNA expression.

Conclusion
The ameliorative effect of BMFE on diabetic nephropathy is not only through its potent antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects but also through its downregulation of TNF-α, VCAM-1 and fibronectin mRNA expression in renal tissues of diabetic-treated rats. Therefore, BMFE as dietary supplement could be a promising agent in improving diabetic nephropathy.
RADseq resolves the phylogeny of Hawaiian Myrsine (Primulaceae) and provides evidence for hybridization
Authors: Appelhans Marc S. , Paetzold Claudia , Wood Kenneth R. , Wagner Warren L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Hawaiian radiation of Myrsine (primrose family, Primulaceae) is the only one among the ten most species‐rich Hawaiian plant lineages that has never been included in a phylogenetic analysis. Our study is based on a RADseq dataset of nearly all Hawaiian Myrsine species and a Sanger sequencing dataset based on a worldwide sampling of Myrsine and related genera. Myrsine as a whole might be paraphyletic with respect to the monotypic Macaronesian genera Heberdenia and Pleiomeris, whereas Hawaiian Myrsine is resolved as monophyletic. The Sanger sequencing proved to be insufficient to resolve the Hawaiian lineage, whereas RADseq fully resolved the relationships with high support. Hawaiian Myrsine consists of three main lineages, of which one contains the majority of species and is mainly confined to Kauaʻi, and the other two lineages primarily consist of few widespread species. Although phylogenetic reconstructions delivered fully resolved and supported tree topologies, Quartet Sampling and HyDe analyses reveal phylogenetic incongruence throughout the phylogeny and provide the first molecular evidence of extensive hybridization in the lineage.
Does the Bible Tell Me So? Weighing the Influence of Content versus Bias on Bible Interpretation Using Survey Experiments
Authors: Perry Samuel L. , McElroy Elizabeth E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiscussions of biblical interpretation often proceed under one of two assumptions. Readers’ interpretations are primarily formed (1) inductively, according to the Bible's objective content, or (2) through the lens of preformed ideologies and biases. We assessed the influence of these two factors using two survey experiments with undergraduates. In study 1 (N= 214), participants were randomly assigned one of two nearly identical translations of Ephesians 5:22‐28 (a famous passage describing gendered marital submission), with the only difference being that one translation included verse 21 in which Christians are told to “submit to one another.” Participants did not perceive a different message about gendered submission between translations, nor were they more likely to interpret either as misogynistic. However, gender ideology and religious importance did predict interpretation. Study 2 (N= 217) essentially replicated study 1 (using different translations of Ephesians 5:21‐28), but one version replaced all “subjection” language with “commitment” language. Participants were significantly more likely to perceive a complementarian message from the translation that referenced “subjection” and they were also more likely to perceive it as misogynistic. Again, gender ideology and religious characteristics predicted interpretation. Findings suggest bias shapes interpretation, but more extreme content modifications (e.g., removing/changing key terms) can also influence interpretation.
Identifying ecotone location using the co‐occurrence property
Authors: Shea Monika E. , Clayton Murray K. , Townsend Philip A. , Berg Stephen , Elza Hayden , Mladenoff David J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractQuestionsSpatial characteristics of ecotones can affect ecotone function and define their role in ecological systems. Identifying ecotone location is necessary to quantify the relationship between spatial characteristics and function, yet there is no standard approach, particularly for compositionally complex ecotones where binary classification for the two adjacent systems is difficult to assign. We tested a new approach for identifying ecotone location based on the co‐occurrence property, which recognizes ecotones as areas where species from adjacent systems co‐occur. We assessed whether the approach can objectively identify the location of the Tension Zone in Wisconsin.LocationWisconsin, USA.MethodsEcotone Co‐occurrence Mapping (ECoMap) is a multi‐step approach: (a) indicator species analysis identifies representative species of two adjacent systems; (b) a ratio map constructed from the spatial densities of the indicator species identifies high co‐occurrence areas; and (c) contour lines encapsulate highest co‐occurrence areas. We applied this approach to identify the Tension Zone location using point locations of witness trees from the mid‐1800s Public Land Survey. We assessed the approach by examining results of multiple permutations, testing sensitivity to different initial boundary configurations, and comparing it to a subjectively derived map, the Curtis Tension Zone.ResultsThe location of the Tension Zone was identified consistently in multiple permutations, though there is minor variability in certainty of final ecotone location. Ecotone width varied substantially along the Tension Zone. The location was similar to the Curtis Tension Zone but slightly farther north and more spatially detailed. Sensitivity to initial boundary configuration was low.ConclusionsThe ECoMap approach was robust and identified a spatially detailed Tension Zone location. This approach is broadly applicable and can be used to identify the location of simple or compositionally complex ecotones where spatial data of species occurrences and modest prior knowledge of general boundary location are available.
Primary biliary cholangitis management: controversies, perspectives and daily practice implications from an expert panel
Authors: Alvaro Domenico , Carpino Guido , Craxi Antonio , Floreani Annarosa , Moschetta Antonio , Invernizzi Pietro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare progressive immune‐mediated liver disease that, if not adequately treated, may culminate in end‐stage disease and need for transplantation. According to current guidelines, PBC is diagnosed in the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) or specific antinuclear antibodies, and of a cholestatic biochemical profile, while biopsy is recommended only in selected cases. All patients receive ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in first line; the only registered second‐line therapy is obeticholic acid (OCA) for UDCA‐inadequate responders. Despite the recent advances in understanding PBC pathogenesis and developing new treatments, many grey areas remain. Six Italian experts selected the following topics as the most urgent to address in PBC management: diagnosis and natural history of PBC: as a portion of the subjects with isolated AMA, normal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and no symptoms of liver disease could have PBC by histology, defining how to manage and follow this population is crucial; role of liver biopsy: recent evidence suggests that biopsy may provide relevant information for risk stratification and prediction of UDCA response, possibly facilitating personalized approaches; risk stratification: the tools for risk stratification are well established, but some issues (eg bile acid dosage in routine practice) remain controversial; and therapy: those in more advanced stages of development are nuclear receptor modulators and fibrates, but more data are needed to plan personalized strategies. In this manuscript, for each topic, current evidence, controversies and future perspectives are summarized with the possible implications for clinical practice.
Bi‐objective mountain railway alignment optimization incorporating seismic risk assessment
Authors: Song Taoran , Pu Hao , Schonfeld Paul , Zhang Hong , Li Wei , Hu Jianping , Wang Jie , Wang Jianxi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMountain railway alignment optimization is known as a very complex engineering problem that should consider many factors, such as drastically undulating terrain, geological hazard impacts, and additional constraints. Moreover, many mountain railway projects are located in earthquake‐prone regions and hence are greatly threatened by seismic activity. Thus far, most alignment optimization studies aim at finding the least‐cost solutions within budget but slight attention has been paid to reducing the complex seismic risk through optimization. In this paper, the first known quantitative seismic risk assessment model for railway alignment optimization is presented, which combines probabilistic seismic fragility analysis and probabilistic seismic loss analysis. Three methods for fragility analysis of bridge, tunnel, and earthwork sections are designed and a specific event tree is developed for seismic loss analysis. Moreover, multiple preliminary constraints are specified for alignments traversing active faults. Afterwards, the seismic risk assessment model is combined with a least‐cost model to formulate a bi‐objective optimization model. To solve it, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved by blending the crowding distance computation (CDC) and, especially, a novel marginal benefit analysis (MBA) to search for pareto‐optimal solutions during optimization. A prescreening and repairing operator is also designed to handle the fault constraints. Finally, when applying the proposed procedure to a complex realistic railway case, the results show that the hybrid CDC+MBA bi‐objective solver can find better pareto‐optimal solutions than the generic CDC method. Besides, detailed data analysis shows that the present method can produce less expensive as well as safer solutions than the best alignment designed by experienced human engineers.