bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrovascular events and outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: The SVIN COVID-19 Multinational Registry
Authors: Siegler James E , Cardona Pere , Arenillas Juan F , Talavera Blanca , Guillen Ana N , Chavarría-Miranda Alba , de Lera Mercedes , Khandelwal Priyank , Bach Ivo , Patel Pratit , Singla Amit , Requena Manuel , Ribo Marc , Jillella Dinesh V , Rangaraju Srikant , Nogueira Raul G , Haussen Diogo C , Vazquez Alejandro R , Urra Xabier , Chamorro Ángel , Román Luis S , Thon Jesse M , Then Ryna , Sanborn Emma , de la Ossa Natalia P , Millàn Mònica , Ruiz Isaac N , Mansour Ossama Y , Megahed Mohammed , Tiu Cristina , Terecoasa Elena O , Radu Răzvan A , Nguyen Thanh N , Curiale Gioacchino , Kaliaev Artem , Czap Alexandra L , Sebaugh Jacob , Zha Alicia M , Liebeskind David S , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Farooqui Mudassir , Hassan Ameer E , Preston Laurie , Patterson Mary S , Bushnaq Saif , Zaidat Osama , Jovin Tudor G 
Published: August 2020

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with a significant risk of thrombotic events in critically ill patients. Aim To summarize the findings of a multinational observational cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 and cerebrovascular disease. Methods Retrospective observational cohort of consecutive adults evaluated in the emergency department and/or admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across 31 hospitals in four countries (1 February 2020–16 June 2020). The primary outcome was the incidence rate of cerebrovascular events, inclusive of acute ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhages (ICH), and cortical vein and/or sinus thrombosis (CVST). Results Of the 14,483 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, 172 were diagnosed with an acute cerebrovascular event (1.13% of cohort; 1130/100,000 patients, 95%CI 970–1320/100,000), 68/171 (40.5%) were female and 96/172 (55.8%) were between the ages 60 and 79 years. Of these, 156 had acute ischemic stroke (1.08%; 1080/100,000 95%CI 920–1260/100,000), 28 ICH (0.19%; 190/100,000 95%CI 130–280/100,000), and 3 with CVST (0.02%; 20/100,000, 95%CI 4–60/100,000). The in-hospital mortality rate for SARS-CoV-2-associated stroke was 38.1% and for ICH 58.3%. After adjusting for clustering by site and age, baseline stroke severity, and all predictors of in-hospital mortality found in univariate regression (p < 0.1: male sex, tobacco use, arrival by emergency medical services, lower platelet and lymphocyte counts, and intracranial occlusion), cryptogenic stroke mechanism (aOR 5.01, 95%CI 1.63–15.44, p < 0.01), older age (aOR 1.78, 95%CI 1.07–2.94, p = 0.03), and lower lymphocyte count on admission (aOR 0.58, 95%CI 0.34–0.98, p = 0.04) were the only independent predictors of mortality among patients with stroke and COVID-19. Conclusions COVID-19 is associated with a small but significant risk of clinically relevant cerebrovascular events, particularly ischemic stroke. The mortality rate is high for COVID-19-associated cerebrovascular complications; therefore, aggressive monitoring and early intervention should be pursued to mitigate poor outcomes.
Participatory visual arts activities for people with dementia: a review
Authors: Cavalcanti Barroso A , Rai Harleen Kaur , Sousa Lidia , Orrell Martin , Schneider Justine 
Published: August 2020

Aims: To report and summarise the effects of interventions using participatory visual arts activities in dementia research through a narrative synthesis systematic review. Methods: We searched four databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA). Of the 3263 records retrieved, 20 were included in this review. Quality was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and the Downs and Black checklist. Results: The use of participatory visual arts has positive effects on cognition, social and psychological functioning of people with dementia, although the diversity of the studies provided inconsistent evidence of an overall positive effect. Participants evaluated the interventions as enjoyable and engaging. Conclusions: This review adds to previous work done by Deshmukh et al. and Windle et al. with a focus on studies that had participatory visual art-making activities made by people with dementia. The use of participatory arts may bring benefits for people with dementia. The heterogeneity of the interventions prevented generalisation of the results. Criteria associated with positive outcomes of the intervention are reported to aid on the design of participatory visual arts interventions for people with dementia. Future research in participatory arts should have a more detailed description of the methods and art interventions.
Peroneal Sheath Volumes Are Greater in Patients With Peroneal Pathology Compared With Controls
Authors: Miller Christopher P. , Smith Stacy E. , Goodman Eric M. , Fisk Erica , Smith Jeremy T. , Chiodo Christopher P. , Bluman Eric M. 
Published: August 2020

Background Peroneal tendon pathology is common. Several factors have been implicated, including low-lying muscles and accessory tendons. Studies have reported on the presence and length measurements of these structures. This study evaluates volume measurements within the sheath using magnetic resonance images for patients with operatively treated peroneal tendon pathology and control patients without peroneal disease. Methods Fifty-one patients with peroneal tendon pathology and 15 controls were included. The volumes of the peroneal sheath, peroneal tendons, peroneal muscle, and accessory peroneus tendons were measured. The distal extent of the peroneus brevis (PB) muscle was measured. Volume and length measurements were then compared. Results The mean PB muscle length from the tip of the fibula was 5.55 ± 2.5 mm (peroneal group) and 11.79 ± 4.07 mm (control) ( P = .017). The mean peroneal sheath volume was 7.06 versus 5.12 mL, respectively ( P = .001). The major contributors to this increased volume was the tenosynovitis (3.58 vs 2.56 mL, respectively; P = .019), the peroneal tendons (2.17 vs 1.7 mL, P = .004), and the accessory peroneus tendon + PB muscle (1.31 vs 0.86 mL, P = .023). Conclusion The current study supports that the PB muscle belly is more distal in patients with peroneal tendon pathology. The study also demonstrates increased total volume within the peroneal sheath among the same patients. We propose that increased volume within the sheath, regardless of what structure is enlarged, is associated with peroneal tendon pathology. Further studies are needed to determine if debridement and decompression of the sheath will result in improved functional outcomes for these patients. Levels of Evidence Level III: Case control imaging study
An Endonasal Incision Adds a Second Vector of Manipulation During Percutaneous Reduction of Fractures Involving the Frontonasal Region
Authors: Govind Akshay , Jelmini Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

Study Design: A case report. Objective: To describe a modification of percutaneous reduction of frontal sinus and/or naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures, adding an endonasal intercartilaginous incision to provide a second vector of manipulation. Methods: Case report with particular attention paid to surgical technique, followed by a brief review of relevant literature. Results: Technique: A Carroll-Girard screw is used to engage the thickest part of the anterior wall of the frontal bone through a stab incision just superior to the frontonasal junction. An endonasal intercartilaginous incision is then made and a Cottle elevator is introduced to manipulate the fracture from the inferior aspect of the frontonasal junction. The percutaneous screw and the endonasal elevator provide perpendicular vectors for manipulation, thereby improving ability to reduce fractures when percutaneous traction alone is not successful. The technique is described here in a patient with anterior table frontal sinus fractures combined with posteriorly displaced Markowitz type 1 NOE fractures. Conclusion: While percutaneous reduction of frontal sinus fractures has been previously described, this report adds a subtle but important modification both in indication and technique for optimizing reduction while maintaining surgical simplicity and minimizing morbidity.
A survey of UK general practitioners about depression, antidepressants and withdrawal: implementing the 2019 Public Health England report
Authors: Read John , Renton Julia , Harrop Christopher , Geekie Jim , Dowrick Christopher 
Published: August 2020

Background: In 2019, a literature review indicated that more than half of people who try to come off antidepressants experience withdrawal effects. Both the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence and the Royal College of Psychiatrists updated their positions in line with that review, and Public Health England published a 152-page report called Dependence and withdrawal associated with some prescribed medicines: an evidence review. The report made several recommendations relevant to general practice. Method: In order to facilitate implementation of these recommendations, an online survey was designed to explore United Kingdom general practitioner (GP) experiences, opinions, knowledge and needs in relation to depression, ADs and withdrawal. A total of 66 GPs had completed the survey when COVID-19 occurred. Results: In keeping with previous findings, this small sample of GPs had a predominantly psycho-social perspective on the causes of, and treatments for, depression. They broadly considered ADs effective for moderate/severe depression and ineffective for minimal/mild depression, for which they preferred psychological therapies and social prescribing. There was a marked lack of consistency in GPs’ knowledge about the incidence and duration of withdrawal effects. Only a minority (29%) felt their knowledge about withdrawal was ‘adequate’ and fewer (17%) believed this about their ‘Ability to distinguish between withdrawal effects and return of the original problem (e.g. depression)’. Two-thirds (68%) would like more training on these matters. Conclusion: It is hoped that even this small sample will be helpful when designing, and seeking funding for, GP training programmes, and when implementing the PHE recommendations for support services, based in the primary care system, for the millions of people contemplating or initiating withdrawal from ADs every year in the UK.
Prevalence of mental disorders is higher in patients with multiple sclerosis than in the general population or in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in France
Authors: Guilleux Alice , Roux Jonathan , Travers David , Leray Emmanuelle 
Published: August 2020

Background Mental disorders (MDs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients decreases treatment adherence and quality of life, and increases the risk of disability progression and care consumption. Objective This study was to assess the prevalence of MDs in MS patients compared with healthy controls (HC) of the French general population and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods The 2015 prevalence of MDs for MS patients, RA patients and general population was estimated using a random population-based data sample from ‘National Inter-Scheme Information System on Health Insurance’ in the 2011–2015 period. Two control groups (1:5 ratio for the HC and 1:1 for the RA group) were matched to the MS group for year of birth, gender, area of residence and health insurance scheme. Results A total of 1145 MS patients were identified (sex ratio of 2.5 (F/M); median age 50 years). The prevalence of MDs was higher in the population of patients with MS (37.3%) than in the French general population (13.6%), and to a lesser extent in the RA group (21.1%) leading to the prevalence ratios of 2.8 (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 2.5–3.0) and 1.9 (95% CI 1.7–2.3), respectively. Conclusions This study confirmed that MS patients are at a higher risk of MDs than the French general population or RA patients.
Education [Bildung]–Literality–Competence: On Competing Tasks of Public Schools and the Need for New Links Between Teaching and Educational Research
Authors: Benner Dietrich 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: The article distinguishes between the three concepts of standardization of the tasks of pedagogical action in modern educational systems: - the traditional concept of standardizing educational goals through curricula, - the literacy concept of psychometric standardization, - and the concept of competence, which can be developed in different ways. Design/Approach/Methods: I examine these concepts and show - that traditional curricular orientations suffer from the fact that they have not developed controls over the achievement of objectives, - that literacy concept allows for psychometric measurement, but this is not coordinated with the actual teaching and its goals, - and that competence models only offer further possibilities if their subject-specific requirements are aligned with the educational theoretical and didactic teaching objectives. Findings: Instead of replacing traditional input control with output measurements, it is important to link teaching and educational research in such a way that competence measurements not only measure the levels of demands achieved by learners but also the quality and effectiveness of teaching. Originality/Value: The train of thought overcomes the juxtaposition of philosophy of education and empirical research and shows how the two can cooperate theoretically and empirically.
Palestinian Health Care Workers’ Stress and Stressors During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Maraqa Beesan , Nazzal Zaher , Zink Therese 
Published: August 2020

Background: COVID-19 is thought to be the most significant public health threat the modern world has encountered. Health care workers (HCWs) face enormous pressure due to work overload, negative emotions, exhaustion, lack of contact with their families, and risk of catching the infection and death. Aim: This study aims to assess the level of stress perceived by HCWs and possible associated factors during the COVID-19 outbreak in Palestine. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 430 frontlines HCWs was conducted using an online self-reported questionnaire. HCWs’ stress from the COVID-19 outbreak, factors that increase stress, and the activities that reduced stress were assessed. Chi-square test was used to compare between a categorical variable and the study outcome; associations are presented as odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) with 0.05 significance level. Al-Najah National University institutional review board granted ethics approval. Results: Most respondents (74.0%) reported high-stress levels during the outbreak. Fear of transmitting the virus to family was the most stressful factor (91.6%). HCWs who did not have training on the outbreak response were more likely to have high-stress levels (OR = 2.7 [95% CI = 1.7-4.4], P < .001). Those with high stress reported being disappointed (OR = 2.4 [95% CI = 1.5-3.6], P < .001), and strongly considered taking sick leave (OR = 3.9 [95% CI = 1.9-7.9], P < .001). Conclusion: HCWs are under tremendous stress, given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the psychological impact of the outbreak on HCWs and the activities that mitigate the stress is crucial to guide policies and interventions that can maintain psychological well-being.
Sickle Cell-Related Complications in Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Chacon-Portillo Martin A. , Mossad Emad B. , Zea-Vera Rodrigo , Beckerman Ziv , Binsalamah Ziyad M. , Adachi Iki , Mery Carlos M. , Imamura Michiaki , Heinle Jeffrey S. , Fraser Charles D. 
Published: August 2020

Background: We aimed to describe our experience with patients with sickle cell trait (SCT) and undergoing surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Data on all patients with SCT or sickle-α thalassemia who underwent surgery on CPB were collected (1996-2017). Results: Overall, 46 patients were included, 37 (80%) had SCT and 9 (20%) had sickle-α thalassemia. A total of 4 (9%) developed a potential sickle cell–related complication. Patients with sickle cell-related complications were significantly older (median 14 years vs 14 months, P = .037) and heavier (median 54 kg vs 9 kg, P = .041). Complications occurred, although without statistical significance, in patients who underwent longer median CPB times (249 minutes vs 137 minutes, P = .069), lower median temperature (31.7 °C vs 33.3 °C, P = .094), and a higher percentage underwent deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (50% vs 7%, P = .053). A total of 30 (65%) patients underwent exchange transfusion (ET) pre-bypass. Patients who underwent ET were significantly older (median 4 years vs 7 months, P = .003) and heavier (median 16 kg vs 6 kg, P = .015) than patients who did not undergo ET. The incidence of complications was comparable between patients who underwent ET (10%) and those who did not (6%). Conclusions: In this retrospective, single-center study, it has been shown that cardiac surgery requiring CPB in patients with SCT and sickle-α thalassemia had a low risk for sickle cell-associated complications. In this cohort of patients, older age, longer CPB times, lower median temperature, and the utilization of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest appear to play an important role in the development of complications.
Mid-Term Follow-Up of Neonatal Neochordal Reconstruction of Tricuspid Valve for Perinatal Chordal Rupture Causing Severe Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation
Authors: Roy Chowdhuri Kuntal , Dutta Nilanjan , Raja Nayem , Girotra Sumir , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman , Iyer Parvathi Unninayar , Iyer Krishna Subramony 
Published: August 2020

Background: Papillary muscle rupture in the perinatal period is a rare event that leads to severe mitral or tricuspid insufficiency due to a flail leaflet. Neonatal tricuspid chordal reconstruction for this condition is rarely reported. Early recognition and treatment have the potential to be lifesaving. We present our surgical experience with five such patients, along with their midterm follow-up. Methods: Between August 2010 and November 2012, five neonates (aged 1-30 days) underwent surgery for severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation. All neonates had severe tricuspid regurgitation due to ruptured chordae. In addition, two had moderate mitral regurgitation; one due to ruptured chordae of the posterior mitral leaflet and the other due to prolapse of the anterior mitral leaflet. All underwent emergent surgery where the ruptured chordae to the anterior tricuspid leaflet were replaced with neochordae made with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) suture. The mitral valve was repaired in two patients. Results: All patients survived surgery without the need for postoperative mechanical circulatory assist. Predischarge echocardiograms showed good coaptation of tricuspid and mitral leaflets with minimal regurgitation in all. At follow-up between 75 months to 102 months, four patients had excellent outcomes with less than mild tricuspid regurgitation. One child with flail tricuspid and mitral leaflets developed progressive tricuspid and mitral regurgitation requiring surgical re-repair at 20 months following the initial surgery. Conclusion: Repair of chordal rupture of the tricuspid valve in neonates using e PTFE neo-chordae can provide acute salvage and gratifying midterm results in the management of this potentially fatal condition.
Mid-Term Results Comparing the Use of Artificial Chords Versus Native Chords for Mitral Valve Repair in Children
Authors: Sivalingam Sivakumar , Haranal Maruti , Moorthy Paneer Selvam Krishna , Dillon Jeswant , Kong Pau Kiew , Fariza Intan , Yakub Mohd. Azhari 
Published: August 2020

Background: Our study is aimed at evaluating the mid-term surgical outcomes of mitral valve repair in children using various chordal reconstructive procedures (autologous in situ chords or artificial chords). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 154 patients who underwent mitral valve repair using various chordal reconstructive procedures from 1992 to 2012. Patients were divided into group A and group B based on use of artificial chords and autologous in situ chords, respectively, for the repair. There were 102 (66.2%) patients in group A and 52 (33.8%) patients in group B. The mean age at repair was 11.1 ± 4.5 years. Associated cardiac anomalies were found in 94 (61%) patients. Results: The median follow-up period was 4.2 years (Interquartile range: 2.0-9.9). There were two (1.3%) early deaths and five (3.2%) late deaths. There was no significant difference in survival at 15 years between the two groups (group A: 91.8% vs group B: 95.1%; P = .66). There was no significant difference in the freedom from reoperation at 15 years between group A (79.4%) and group B (97.2%; P = .06). However, there was significant difference in freedom from valve failure between group A (56.5%) and group B (74.1%; P = .03). Carpentier functional class III and postoperative residual mitral regurgitation (2+ MR, ie, mild–moderate MR) were the risk factors for valve failure. Conclusions: Severity of the disease and its progression has profound effect on the valve repair than the technique itself. Both chordal reconstructive procedures can be used to produce satisfactory results in children.
Neonates With Complex Cardiac Malformation and Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Women—A Single Center Experience
Authors: Goldshtrom Nimrod , Vargas Diana , Vasquez Angelica , Kim Faith , Desai Kinjal , Turner Mariel E. , Barry Oliver , Torres Alejandro , Levasseur Stéphanie , Strletsova Svetlana , Gupta Palka R. , Defazio Jennifer R. , Duron Vincent , Middlesworth William , Saiman Lisa , Miller Russell , Goffman Dena , Bacha Emile A. , Kalfa David , LaPar Damien J. , Krishnamurthy Ganga 
Published: August 2020

Background: Our understanding of the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on pregnancies and perinatal outcomes is limited. The clinical course of neonates born to women who acquired coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during their pregnancy has been previously described. However, the course of neonates born with complex congenital malformations during the COVID-19 pandemic is not known. Methods: We report a case series of seven neonates with congenital heart and lung malformations born to women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during their pregnancy at a single academic medical center in New York City. Results: Six infants had congenital heart disease and one was diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. In all seven infants, the clinical course was as expected for the congenital lesion. None of the seven exhibited symptoms generally associated with COVID-19. None of the infants in our case series tested positive by nasopharyngeal test for SARS-CoV-2 at 24 hours of life and at multiple points during their hospital course. Conclusions: In this case series, maternal infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy did not result in adverse outcomes in neonates with complex heart or lung malformations. Neither vertical nor horizontal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was noted.