bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Judeo-Arabic Birth Narratives in the Polemical Story “Life of Jesus” (Toledot Yeshu)
Authors: Goldstein Miriam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis is a first-time presentation of the initial section of the Toledot Yeshu (TY) narrative describing the birth and early life of Jesus in Judeo-Arabic, a text with important implications for current research on TY. First, the origin of the birth narrative has been debated in recent scholarship on the Hebrew versions of TY. The existence of this lengthy Judeo-Arabic birth narrative, preserved in two manuscripts belonging to the Russian National Library, as well as the identification of other, earlier Judeo-Arabic manuscript fragments that include the TY birth narrative, demonstrates that the birth narrative formed part of TY significantly earlier than has been previously suggested. Second, the narrative preserved in the Russian manuscripts also demonstrates the relevance of the Judeo-Arabic versions of TY for the understanding of the development of this protean work. Examination of their textual tradition reveals interesting connections with particular Hebrew versions of TY from Europe and can shed light on the question of how the work moved between East and West. Finally, this Judeo-Arabic version of TY is significant in its demonstration of a clever adaptation to its linguistic and cultural surroundings. It incorporates a lengthy introduction—the only one currently known in all of the TY literature—which is a literary tour de force employing contemporaneous Arabic style together with a well-known rabbinic dictum, thereby situating Toledot Yeshu simultaneously in its Islamicate milieu and in Jewish textual and even ritual tradition. The discussion concludes with a transcription and translation of the birth narrative as preserved in these two Russian manuscripts.
Reflect, Revisit, Reimagine: Ethnography of Language Policy and Planning
Authors: Hornberger Nancy H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTracing applied linguists’ interests in language policy and planning (LPP) as reflected in the pages of theAnnual Review of Applied Linguisticssince its founding in 1980, I focus on the emergence of, and current boom in, ethnographic LPP research. I draw on the ethnographic concept of ideological and implementational LPP spaces as scalar, layered policies and practices influencing each other, mutually reinforcing, wedging, and transforming ideology through implementation and vice versa. Doing so highlights how the perennial policy-practice gap is given nuance through exploration of the intertwining dynamics of top-down/bottom-up language planning activities and processes, monoglossic/heteroglossic language ideologies and practices, potential equality/actual inequality of languages, and critical/transformative research paradigms in LPP.
An approximate version of Jackson’s conjecture
Authors: Liebenau Anita , Pehova Yanitsa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA diregular bipartite tournament is a balanced complete bipartite graph whose edges are oriented so that every vertex has the same in- and out-degree. In 1981 Jackson showed that a diregular bipartite tournament contains a Hamilton cycle, and conjectured that in fact its edge set can be partitioned into Hamilton cycles. We prove an approximate version of this conjecture: for everyε > 0 there existsn0such that every diregular bipartite tournament on 2n≥n0vertices contains a collection of (1/2–ε)ncycles of length at least (2–ε)n. Increasing the degree by a small proportion allows us to prove the existence of many Hamilton cycles: for everyc > 1/2 andε > 0 there existsn0such that everycn-regular bipartite digraph on 2n≥n0vertices contains (1−ε)cnedge-disjoint Hamilton cycles.
Immunosuppressant associated torsades de pointes after acute heart rejection in an 8-year-old boy
Authors: Hsin-Ming Liu , Wei-Chieh Tseng , Shuenn-Nan Chiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTorsades de pointes is a kind of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmia. We report a case of torsades de pointes in an 8-year-old boy with acute rejection after orthotopic heart transplantation. The causes of torsades de pointes could be either congenital or acquired. In this case, various causes including acute rejection-related repolarisation heterogeneity, dose-dependent acquired long QT resulting from treatment with immunosuppressants, and AKAP9 (A-kinase anchoring protein 9) genetic variants are the possible mechanisms.
Supervised learning for the detection of negation and of its scope in French and Brazilian Portuguese biomedical corpora
Authors: Dalloux Clément , Claveau Vincent , Grabar Natalia , Oliveira Lucas Emanuel Silva , Moro Claudia Maria Cabral , Gumiel Yohan Bonescki , Carvalho Deborah Ribeiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAutomatic detection of negated content is often a prerequisite in information extraction systems in various domains. In the biomedical domain especially, this task is important because negation plays an important role. In this work, two main contributions are proposed. First, we work with languages which have been poorly addressed up to now: Brazilian Portuguese and French. Thus, we developed new corpora for these two languages which have been manually annotated for marking up the negation cues and their scope. Second, we propose automatic methods based on supervised machine learning approaches for the automatic detection of negation marks and of their scopes. The methods show to be robust in both languages (Brazilian Portuguese and French) and in cross-domain (general and biomedical languages) contexts. The approach is also validated on English data from the state of the art: it yields very good results and outperforms other existing approaches. Besides, the application is accessible and usable online. We assume that, through these issues (new annotated corpora, application accessible online, and cross-domain robustness), the reproducibility of the results and the robustness of the NLP applications will be augmented.
Uncertainty Estimation in Regional Models of Long‐Term GIA Uplift and Sea Level Change: An Overview
Authors: Simon K. M. , Riva R. E. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis work provides a comparison of four approaches that can be used to describe uncertainty in models of the long‐term glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) process. The four methods range from pessimistic to optimistic representations of GIA uncertainty. Each estimation method is applied to selected one dimensional GIA model predictions and compared with vertical land motion data from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements across Fennoscandia and North America. The methods are evaluated relative to two main properties: (1) their expected ability to separate non‐GIA from GIA signals and (2) their estimated statistical appropriateness given a specific GIA model and data set. For the first point, non‐GIA signals are considered isolated from the long‐term (millennial time scale) GIA signal at sites where measurement and model uncertainties do not overlap. Across methods, the frequency and accuracy with which non‐GIA signals are separated from GIA signals in GPS data display both consistent similarities and disparities. For the second point, we compare model predictions with rates of vertical land motion and relative sea level change that have been cleaned of non‐GIA signals to determine the most appropriate value of model uncertainty and relate the findings to the four approaches. Best fit inferences suggest that within deglaciation centers, GIA model uncertainty is up to ~2 mm/yr (vertical land motion). Likewise, away from the former ice sheet centers, GIA uncertainty for relative sea level change is inferred to be ~0.3–0.5 mm/yr along the U.S. East Coast and ~0.6–0.8 mm/yr in the North Sea.
Adaptive Localization for Satellite Radiance Observations in an Ensemble Kalman Filter
Authors: Lei Lili , Whitaker Jeffrey S. , Anderson Jeffrey L. , Tan Zhemin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLocalization is essential to effectively assimilate satellite radiances in ensemble Kalman filters. However, the vertical location and separation from a model grid point variable for a radiance observation are not well defined, which results in complexities when localizing the impact of radiance observations. An adaptive method is proposed to estimate an effective vertical localization independently for each assimilated channel of every satellite platform. It uses sample correlations between ensemble priors of observations and state variables from a cycling data assimilation to estimate the localization function that minimizes the sampling error. The estimated localization functions are approximated by three localization parameters: the localization width, maximum value, and vertical location of the radiance observations. Adaptively estimated localization parameters are used in assimilation experiments with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) model and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operational ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). Results show that using the adaptive localization width and vertical location for radiance observations is more beneficial than also including the maximum localization value. The experiment using the adaptively estimated localization width and vertical location performs better than the default Gaspari and Cohn (GC) experiment, and produces similar errors to the optimal GC experiment. The adaptive localization parameters can be computed during the assimilation procedure, so the computational cost needed to tune the optimal GC localization width is saved.
The Electromagnetic Emissions and Plasma Modulations at Middle Latitudes Related to SURA‐CSES Experiments in 2018
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Frolov Vladimir , Shen Xuhui , Wang Yalu , Zhou Chen , Lu Hengxin , Huang Jianping , Ryabov Alexander , Zhai Dulin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA total of 17 SURA‐China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) experiments in 2018 have been summarized and analyzed in multiple parameters detected in the topside ionosphere at altitude of 507 km from CSES. Most of them were fulfilled with underdense heating condition, and no any artificial density duct had been detected onboard CSES, but some plasma perturbations were actually observed in lower and topside ionosphere. Among them, different modulated waves were also transmitted by [power on, power off] and amplitude modulation modes on the pumping high‐frequency (HF) wave from SURA, and some were illustrated in HF electric field from CSES in local nighttime, one being verified at fmod in single component of very low frequency (VLF) electric field in local daytime. In addition, X mode‐emitted HF waves excited a filamentary structure on the existing VLF transmitters in local daytime, being different with those in O‐mode HF waves to enhance the VLF transmitter signals and widen their frequency band in local nighttime. These phenomena and their coupling process were discussed finally on the interaction of radio waves with plasma parameters in ionosphere.
Bullet‐Shaped Magnetite Biomineralization Within a Magnetotactic Deltaproteobacterium: Implications for Magnetofossil Identification
Authors: Li Jinhua , Menguy Nicolas , Roberts Andrew P. , Gu Lin , Leroy Eric , Bourgon Julie , Yang Xin’an , Zhao Xiang , Liu Peiyu , Changela Hitesh G. , Pan Yongxin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMagnetite produced by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) provides stable paleomagnetic signals because it occurs as natural single‐domain magnetic nanocrystals. MTB can also provide useful paleoenvironmental information because their crystal morphologies are associated with particular bacterial groups and the environments in which they live. However, identification of the fossil remains of MTB (i.e., magnetofossils) from ancient sediments or rocks is challenging because of their generally small sizes and because the growth, morphology, and chain assembly of magnetite within MTB are not well understood. Nanoscale characterization is, therefore, needed to understand magnetite biomineralization and to develop magnetofossils as biogeochemical proxies for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Using advanced transmission electron microscopy, we investigated magnetite growth and chain arrangements within magnetotactic Deltaproteobacteria strain WYHR‐1, which reveals how the magnetite grows to form elongated, bullet‐shaped nanocrystals. Three crystal growth stages are recognized: (i) initial isotropic growth to produce nearly round ~20 nm particles, (ii) subsequent anisotropic growth along the [001] crystallographic direction to ~75 nm lengths and ~30–40 nm widths, and (iii) unidirectional growth along the [001] direction to ~180 nm lengths, with some growing to ~280 nm. Crystal growth and habit differ from that of magnetite produced by other known MTB strains, which indicates species‐specific biomineralization. These findings suggest that magnetite biomineralization might be much more diverse among MTB than previously thought. When characterized adequately at species level, magnetofossil crystallography, and apomorphic features are, therefore, likely to become useful proxies for ancient MTB taxonomic groups or species and for interpreting the environments in which they lived.
Transcriptional regulation of MdmiR285N microRNA in apple (Malus x domestica) and the heterologous plant system Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Pompili Valerio , Piazza Stefano , Li Mingai , Varotto Claudio , Malnoy Mickael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMalus x domestica microRNA MdmiR285N is a potential key regulator of plant immunity, as it has been predicted to target 35 RNA transcripts coding for different disease resistance proteins involved in plant defense to pathogens. In this study, the promoter region of MdmiR285N was isolated from the apple genome and analyzed in silico to detect potential regulatory regions controlling its transcription. A complex network of putative regulatory elements involved in plant growth and development, and in response to different hormones and stress conditions, was identified. Activity of the β-Glucoronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by the promoter of MdmiR285N was examined in transgenic apple, demonstrating that MdmiR285N was expressed during the vegetative growth phase. Similarly, in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, spatial and temporal patterns of GUS expression revealed that MdmiR285N was differentially regulated during seed germination, vegetative phase change, and reproductive development. To elucidate the role of MdmiR285N in plant immunity, MdmiR285N expression in wild-type apple plants and GUS activity in transgenic apple and Arabidopsis thaliana plants were monitored in response to Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000. A significant decrease of MdmiR285N levels and GUS expression was observed during host-pathogen infections. Overall, these data suggest that MdmiR285N is involved in the biotic stress response, plant growth, and reproductive development.
A highly sensitive uric acid electrochemical biosensor based on a nano-cube cuprous oxide/ferrocene/uricase modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Yan Qinghua , Zhi Na , Yang Li , Xu Guangri , Feng Qigao , Zhang Qiqing , Sun Shujuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA uric acid (UA) electrochemical biosensor was constructed using ferrocene (Fc) decorated cuprous oxide (Cu2O) enhanced electro-active characteristics and covalently immobilized with uricase (UOx) on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrochemical characteristics of the fabricated electrode was analysed by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). DPV studies revealed rapid response of fabricated electrode UOx/Fc/Cu2O/GCE towards UA in a wide concentration range of 0.1–1,000 μM with a sensitivity of 1.900 μA mM−1 cm−2and very low detection limit of 0.0596 μM. A very low magnitude Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) value was evaluated as 34.7351 μM which indicated the chemical attraction of the enzyme towards the UA was much higher. The developed biosensor was successfully applied to detect UA in human urine samples. Moreover, reproducibility and stability studies demonstrated the fabricated UOx/Fc/Cu2O/GCE biosensor had high reproducibility with a RSD of 2.8% and good reusability with a RSD of 3.2%. Specificity studies results showed the fabricated biosensor had strong anti-interference ability. The improved sensor performance was attributed to the synergistic electronic properties of Cu2O and Fc that provided enhances delectrocatalytic activity and electron transfer. The present biosensor can be extended for use in clinical settings.
Co-evaporation as an optimal technique towards compact methylammonium bismuth iodide layers
Authors: Momblona Cristina , Kanda Hiroyuki , Sutanto Albertus Adrian , Mensi Mounir , Roldán-Carmona Cristina , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe most studied perovskite-based solar cells reported up to date contain the toxic lead in its composition. Photovoltaic research and development towards non-toxic, lead-free perovskite solar cells are critical to finding alternatives to reduce human health concerns associated with them. Bismuth-based perovskite variants, especially in the form of methylammonium bismuth iodide (MBI), is a good candidate for the non-toxic light absorber. However, the reported perovskite variant MBI thin films prepared by the solution process so far suffers from poor morphology and surface coverage. In this work, we investigate for the first time the optoelectronic, crystallographic and morphological properties of MBI thin films prepared via thermal co-evaporation of MAI and BiI3. We find by modifying the precursor ratio that the layer with pure MBI composition lead to uniform, compact and homogeneous layers, broadening the options of deposition techniques for lead-free based perovskite solar cells.
Scattering symmetry-breaking induced spin photocurrent from out-of-plane spin texture in a 3D topological insulator
Authors: Huang Y. Q. , Buyanova I. A. , Chen W. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe theoretically study helicity-dependent photocurrent in a three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Te3 under elastic scattering of different symmetries. By exploring spin-selective optical transitions and symmetry-breaking scattering, we are able to address the out-of-plane spin texture of the topological helical surface states and to generate directional, spin-polarization tunable photocurrent that is otherwise forbidden for the original C3v symmetry of the surface. This can be achieved regardless of the Fermi level, even under the condition when the topological states are inaccessible in dark. This work paves the way to robustly explore the out-of-plane spin texture for harvesting opto-spintronic functionalities of topological insulators.
Ascorbate maintains a low plasma oxygen level
Authors: Injarabian Louise , Scherlinger Marc , Devin Anne , Ransac Stéphane , Lykkesfeldt Jens , Marteyn Benoit S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn human blood, oxygen is mainly transported by red blood cells. Accordingly, the dissolved oxygen level in plasma is expected to be limited, although it has not been quantified yet. Here, by developing dedicated methods and tools, we determined that human plasma pO2 = 8.4 mmHg (1.1% O2). Oxygen solubility in plasma was believed to be similar to water. Here we reveal that plasma has an additional ascorbate-dependent oxygen-reduction activity. Plasma experimental oxygenation oxidizes ascorbate (49.5 μM in fresh plasma vs < 2 μM in oxidized plasma) and abolishes this capacity, which is restored by ascorbate supplementation. We confirmed these results in vivo, showing that the plasma pO2 is significantly higher in ascorbate-deficient guinea pigs (Ascorbateplasma < 2 μM), compared to control (Ascorbateplasma > 15 μM). Plasma low oxygen level preserves the integrity of oxidation-sensitive components such as ubiquinol. Circulating leucocytes are well adapted to these conditions, since the abundance of their mitochondrial network is limited. These results shed a new light on the importance of oxygen exposure on leucocyte biological study, in regards with the reducing conditions they encounter in vivo; but also, on the manipulation of blood products to improve their integrity and potentially improve transfusions’ efficacy.
Treatment of condensation in sandwich panels without known vapour resistance of sealant
Authors: Vidmar Gregor 
Published: June 2020

In order to calculate amount of interstitial condensation in a building envelope, water vapour resistance of each layer is of importance. Once having it, 1D calculation according to ISO 13788 with monthly average vapour pressures can be applied. In EN 14509 sandwich panels are considered to be impermeable for water vapour, thus (according to the standard) water vapour cannot enter from outside and condensate in the panels. But it is not always true for real sandwich panels, because joints between neighbouring panels can cause non-neglecting water vapour bridges. Although in measurements of linear water vapour transmittance of the joints (Ψv) stationary boundary vapour pressures can be applied, the measurements can be long lasting. We shortened time needed to get Ψv performing simulations in Delphin 6.0. We simulated panels and steel sheets with joints using constant boundary vapour pressures and compared the results with the results of measurements on the equivalent systems.
In systems under consideration a sealant in built-in-state, located at a joint of a sandwich panel, is a compressed EPDM tube. It is impossible to directly measure its effective μ according to ISO 12572. In the paper we study to which precision it is possible to determine it using measurements and simulations. Once having effective μ of the sealant (if all other necessary material parameters available) one can simulate condensation in envelopes including sandwich panels in 2D according to EN 15026 using hourly climatic data. Another goal of the study was determination of differences in resulting Ψv values when varying narrowest part of the gap dGAP at the joint in the panels without any sealant. Results confirm significant sensibility of Ψv to variations of dGAP.
Die Rolle der perkutanen Koronarintervention in der Therapie des chronischen Koronarsyndroms
Authors: Widmann Laila , Blachutzik Florian , Dörr Oliver , Nef Holger M. 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Angina pectoris steht bei Patienten mit einem chronischen Koronarsyndrom im Mittelpunkt der Beschwerden und kann mithilfe der perkutanen Koronarintervention bei Vorliegen einer hämodynamisch relevanten Stenose behandelt werden. Eine Verbesserung der Prognose konnte bislang in vielen Studien nicht nachgewiesen werden, was unter anderem durch prozedurassoziierte Ereignisse verursacht ist, die bei einer alleinigen medikamentösen Therapie nicht auftreten. Dementsprechend muss es das Ziel der koronaren Interventionstherapie sein, sich stetig an die immer herausfordernderen klinischen Situationen anzupassen und entsprechende Strategien zu verbessern. Hierzu dient vor allem die intravaskuläre Bildgebung, durch die bei komplexen Läsionen ein individueller Therapieansatz entwickelt werden kann und die den differenzierten Einsatz läsionsvorbereitender Maßnahmen zulässt. Neben verbesserten Stentdevices können auch spezifische Stentstrategien, z. B. in Bifurkationen, klinische Ereignisse nach einer Intervention weiter reduzieren. Begleitend ist die nachfolgende medikamentöse Therapie, insbesondere die duale Plättchenhemmung, zu beachten, die je nach ischämischem bzw. Blutungsrisiko individuell festgelegt werden muss.