bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An oriental face in international law scholarship: Contemporary value of Bin Cheng’s General Principles of Law as Applied by International Courts and Tribunals
Authors: Feng Shuo , Shen Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article reviews the major contribution made by Professor Bin Cheng, a leading scholar in international law and air space law in our time. The uniqueness of Professor Bin Cheng was his deep engagement with the international law scholarship as a Chinese scholar in his generation and his tremendous academic contribution in the field. This article revisits his major book –General Principles of Law as Applied by International Courts and Tribunals, and connects his book with the time of crisis and anti-globalization faced by us right now. This book is highly relevant to international law scholarship, not only because of its relevance to the application of international law but also because of its methodology.
Existence of positive solutions of a new class of nonlocal p⁢(x)p(x)-Kirchhoff parabolic systems via sub-super-solutions concept
Authors: Zediri Sounia , Guefaifia Rafik , Boulaaras Salah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Motivated by the idea which has been introduced by Boulaaras and Guefaifia
[S. Boulaaras and R. Guefaifia,
Existence of positive weak solutions for a class of Kirchhoff elliptic systems with multiple parameters,
Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 41 2018, 13, 5203–5210] and by Afrouzi and Shakeri [G. A. Afrouzi, S. Shakeri and N. T. Chung,
Existence of positive solutions for variable exponent elliptic systems with multiple parameters,
Afr. Mat. 26 2015, 1–2, 159–168] combined with some properties of Kirchhoff-type
operators, we prove the existence of positive solutions for a new class of
nonlocal

p
⁢

(
x
)

{p(x)}

-Kirchhoff parabolic systems by using the sub- and super-solutions concept.
Efficacy of fenugreek seed extract on men's psychological and physical health: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Hausenblas Heather A. , Conway Kara L. , Coyle Kevin R.M. , Barton Emily , Smith Lacie D. , Esposito Michael , Harvey Charles , Oakes Dennis , Hooper David R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Limited research has examined the effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) supplementation to improve healthy younger men's aging male symptoms. The study objective was to examine whether a fenugreek seed extract would improve healthy men's aging male symptoms, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), grip strength, and anxiety.

Methods
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was employed, using a parallel design, with assessments at baseline, Day 30, and Day 60. Healthy male volunteers (n = 57, mean age = 26.1 years) were randomized to: fenugreek 400 mg/d (n = 19), fenugreek 500 mg/d (n = 19), or placebo group (n = 19).

Results
The fenugreek groups reported significant improvements in aging male symptoms, anxiety levels, grip strength, and indicators of HRQoL compared to the placebo group, p's < 0.05. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusion
Fenugreek supplementation is an effective nutritional intervention for improving aging male symptoms, anxiety levels, grip strength, and aspects of HRQoL in healthy recreationally active men. Future researchers are encouraged to examine the health and ergogenic effects of fenugreek supplementation in hypogonadal and older populations.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03528538.
The effect of practicing yoga during pregnancy on labor stages length, anxiety and pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mohyadin Ellahe , Ghorashi Zohreh , Molamomanaei Zahra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Anxiety and fear of labor pain has led to elevated cesarean section rate in some countries. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of yoga in pregnancy on anxiety, labor pain and length of labor stages.

Methods
This clinical trial study was performed on 84 nulliparous women who were at least 18 years old and were randomly divided into two groups of yoga and control groups. Pregnancy Yoga Program consisting of 6 60-min training sessions was started every 2 weeks from week 26 of pregnancy and continued until 37 weeks of gestation. Anxiety severity at maternal admission to labor was measured by the Spielbergers State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and labor pain was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at dilatation (4–5 cm) and 2 h after the first measurement. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square and t-test.

Results
Intervention group reported less pain at dilatation (4–5 cm) (p=0.001) and 2 h after the first measurement (p=0.001) than the control group. Stat anxiety was also lower in intervention group than the control group (p=0.003) at the entrance to labor room. Subjects in the control group required more induction compared to intervention group (p=0.003). Women in intervention group experienced shorter duration of the first phase of the labor than the control group (p=0.002). Also, the total duration of two stages of labor was shorter in intervention group than the control group (p=0.003).

Conclusions
Practicing yoga during pregnancy may reduce women’s anxiety during labor; shorten labor stages, and lower labor pain.
Improvement in impaired ocular accommodation by parietal acupoint therapy to relieve neck stiffness: a case report
Authors: Aoyama Naoki , Aso Hiroshi , Fujii Osamu , Mizoguchi Toru 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Neck stiffness could lead to impaired ocular accommodation. We report two cases that visual function was improved by relieving neck stiffness.

Case presentation
(Case 1) A 34-year-old female complained of neck stiffness and visual problems after computer work. She was treated by parietal acupoint therapy (PAPT), which is a new scalp micro-acupuncture system. The evaluation of accommodative micro-fluctuations (the Fk-map) showed that increased bilateral ciliary muscle tension in the middle to near distance was relieved bilaterally, accompanied by relief of neck stiffness after treatment. (Case 2) A 43-year-old female complained of a visual problem with pressure pain on the bilateral posterior cervical muscles. Performing with PAPT improved impaired ciliary muscle tension noticeably with relief of neck stiffness after treatment.

Conclusions
This is the first report on the improvement of impaired ocular accommodation with treating neck stiffness by using PAPT.
Waking up from Dreamland: Opioid Addiction Precipitance and Support for Redistributive Drug Treatment
Authors: Chavanne David , Goodyear Kimberly 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMotivated by the historical components of the ongoing U.S. opioid epidemic, this study examines how public support for redistributive drug treatment changes with awareness that someone’s opioid addiction started with a legally acquired prescription. Using different versions of a vignette, we vary in a randomized design whether someone’s addiction to painkillers started with a legally acquired prescription or with the decision to take pills from a friend. After reading the vignette, participants expressed their level of support for a policy that uses income redistribution to fund a program that provides the person in the vignette with drug treatment. We find that participants are less likely to support redistributive drug treatment when a prescription precipitates the addiction. The results imply that emphasizing the medical establishment’s role in the opioid epidemic may actually make people less likely to favor using redistributive drug treatment to provide support.
The Origins of the Furnace Motif: From Magico-Religious Ritual to Early Modern Tale of Makeability
Authors: Wauters Wendy 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article delves into the fiery furnace motif and its evocations of the healing and makeability of men. Building on previous research conducted in religious history, art history and anthropology, a diachronic analysis of the textual and visual traditions of this motif is made. At its base lies the idea that the natural phenomenon of fire has a transformative power. This belief is present in several magico-religious rituals and in the visual imprint within Christian iconographical tradition. Both manifestations exist in conjunction and their evolution is intertwined. Herein lie the roots of the early modern secular motif of the furnace as a place of metaphorical transformation. Society may not have been aware of these previous attitudes, but the urban context does provide a fertile breeding ground for motifs such as The Rejuvenation Furnace and the so-called Baker of Eeklo. From the point of view of Christian ethics, it is interesting that the concentration of the furnace motif can serve as a seismograph of fluctuations in morality.
Making and Meaning-Making: The Antwerp Altarpiece in Ringsaker (c. 1530) across the Reformation
Authors: Bø Ragnhild M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Antwerp altarpieces produced between c. 1500–1540 could be remarkably similar and have often been regarded as epitomising the shift from bespoke commissions to standardized objects made to be sold on an open market. The only (preserved) Antwerp altarpiece imported to Norway was commissioned by the priest Ansten Jonsson Skonk and put on display in the parish church of Ringsaker shortly before the Reformation was introduced in Denmark-Norway in 1537. Unique in Norway, the altarpiece is of uncommon character even within the larger body of preserved Antwerp pieces. When analysing the many idiosyncrasies of the Ringsaker altarpiece, it comes across as a deliberately versatile product: on the one hand it carefully reflects altarpieces and devotional practices known to Skonk; on the other, it also reflects contemporary religious disputes of northern Europe more broadly, substantiating the claim that (some) Antwerp workshops intentionally created “multi-confessional” artworks – seemingly to suit the patron(s) in question once installed.
Ex Meritis Praevisis: Predestination, Grace, and Free Will in intra-Jesuit Controversies (1587-1613)
Authors: Rai Eleonora 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article retraces the intra-Jesuit theological debates on the theology of salvation, including the relationship between the elements of predestination, God’s foreknowledge, Grace, and free will, in the delicate passage between the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries, and within the debates on Augustine’s theological legacy. Specifically, it explores the Flemish Jesuit Leonard Lessius’ theology and the discussions raised by it within the Society of Jesus, in order to show how soteriology has been central in the process of self-definition of the Jesuit identity in the Early Modern Age. This is particularly clear from the internal debates developed between Lessius, on the one hand, and General Claudio Acquaviva and curial theologian Roberto Bellarmino, on the other hand. Not only does the article investigate little known aspects of intra-Catholic theological debate in the post Tridentine period, but it also shows how deep pastoral and moral concerns strongly contributed to the rise of Lessius’ open-minded theology of salvation, which seemed to deprive God’s sovereign authority in favour of humankind’s free will, and human agency in the process of salvation.
Community Long Term Care Ombudsman Program Disaster Assistance: Ready, Willing or Able?
Authors: Wayne Nelson H. , Yang Bo Kyum , Ellen Netting F. , Monahan Erin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The high elder care death toll of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, pushed the federally mandated Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program (LTCOP) into the unsought and unforeseen realm of disaster preparedness. This new role was an extension of the LTCOP’s historic resident’s rights investigative case advocacy. To assess if, how, and to what extent local ombudsmen adapted to this new function, 102 local LTCOP leaders completed a telephone survey based on the CMS Emergency Planning Checklist. This assessed their own and their programs’: (a) readiness to help facilities reduce disaster threats to residents, (b) familiarity with relevant disaster laws, rules, and resources; (c) readiness to help residents through the disaster cycle; and (d) levels of disaster training and/or their plans to provide such training to their staff and LTC stakeholders. Forty-two respondents (41.13%) had experienced a public disaster but over half or those responding (n = 56, 54.90%) felt fairly to somewhat prepared to help in a public crisis. After being ready to work away from their office during a crisis (

x
¯

$\overline{x}$

= 4.14, SD = 1.00) respondents felt most prepared “to assist during nursing home emergency closure and evacuation” (

x
¯

$\overline{x}$

= 3.86, SD = 1.09). t-tests revealed that respondents with a disaster experience were significantly more prepared in all assessed dimensions than as those without disaster experience. The study highlights the training needs of ombudsmen in high risk areas to better prepare them for disaster mitigation in nursing homes.
A Cornish revival? The nascent iconization of a post-obsolescent language
Authors: Dunmore Stuart 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article considers the case of Cornish, a Celtic language that was in decline in the south-west of Great Britain from the early medieval era until the end of the eighteenth century, when its last recorded native speakers died out. At the point when a language under pressure eventually succumbs to forces of language shift, its role in representations of a distinct sociocultural identity might be expected to die with the medium itself. Yet a sense of cohesion at the group level has been observed to endure long after a shift to another language has occurred, with the obsolescent variety retaining a role in the maintenance of group boundaries. In situations of language shift, the meanings of such social constructions can change considerably, and the obsolescent variety may retain ideological associations with the group as an iconized symbol of identity. The analysis presented in this paper is based on an examination of the historical record as well as a synthesis of recent sociological research on Cornish. Attention will be drawn specifically to the manner in which the language has functioned as an icon of identity since the nadir of its decline as a spoken vernacular, through the ‘Cornish Revival’ of the twentieth century to the present day.
Performance Analysis of Shift ZCC Codes and Multi Diagonal Codes in 100 Gbps MDM-FSO System
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Singh Kuldeepak 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
With the rapid growth in the internet applications, pressure is observed on the optical communication systems. Free space optical communication (FSO) is very important alternative to the optical fiber because of elimination of licenses, trenching, and no cost of ways and saves the time of installation. Wavelength division is capacity enhancement multiplexing but due to large number of laser requirements, it becomes expensive. Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is suitable multiplexing technique because it needs only single laser and can support high data rates. Optical code division multiplexing and MDM is demonstrated in this work at 100 Gbps over FSO supporting 10 users. Multiple access interference is prominent issue in OCDMA codes and in order to suppress MAI, zero cross correlation codes are used and use of Laguerre Gaussian modes has been done. Different fog conditions are analyzed and two different OCDMA cods are incorporated as well as compared in the proposed system such as shift zero cross correlation codes and multi diagonal codes in terms of Q factor and BER.
Conventional/Phase Shift Dual Drive Mach–Zehnder Modulation Measured Type Based Radio over Fiber Systems
Authors: Amiri IS , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Rahman Ziaur , Paul Bikash Kumar , Ahmed Kawsar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This work clarified the conventional/phase shift dual Mach–Zehnder modulation measured technique for upgrading radio over fiber (ROF) systems. Four levels of pulse amplitude modulation and non-return to zero code scheme are employed in different previous studies for upgrading ROF systems. The possible transmission distance is extended to 150 km and a bit rate of 40 Gb/s for achieved acceptable max. Q factor of 13.7498 and minimum bit error rates of 1.82×10–43. The total optical received power is measured at fiber cable length for maximum distance. Also, in the same way, the signal power levels are measured after fiber optic cable and avalanche photo detector optical receiver. The proposed model has presented the enhancement percentage ratio of 13.654% over the previous models in signal quality enhancement.
Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on antibody titers to heat shock protein 27 in adolescent girls
Authors: Khorasanchi Zahra , Bahrami Afsane , Tavallaee Shima , Mazloum Khorasani Zahra , Afkhamizadeh Mozhgan , Khodashenas Ezzat , Ferns Gordon A. , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough vitamin D deficiency is associated with several inflammatory conditions, there have been few studies on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on markers of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on heat shock protein 27 antibody (anti-Hsp27) titers in adolescent girls.MethodsFive hundred and fifty adolescent girls received vitamin D3 at a dose of 50,000 IU/week for 9 weeks. Demographic, clinical and biochemical markers including serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile and anti-Hsp27 titers as well as hematological parameters including white blood cell (WBC) count and red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW) were determined in all the subjects at baseline and at the end of the study.ResultsSerum vitamin D significantly increased from 6.4 (4.2–9.6) ng/mL to 35.6 (25.8–47.5) ng/mL (p < 0.001) following the intervention. Furthermore, serum anti-Hsp27 titers were significantly lower after the 9-week vitamin D administration period (0.22 [0.12–0.33] optical density [OD] vs. 0.19 [0.11–0.31] OD; p = 0.002). A significant correlation was found between serum anti-Hsp27 and RDW (r = 0.13, p = 0.037). The reduction in RDW values after intervention was particularly evident in subjects with the greatest increase in serum vitamin D levels.ConclusionsHigh-dose vitamin D supplementation was found to reduce antibody titers to Hsp27. Further randomized placebo-controlled trials are warranted to determine the long-term effect of vitamin D administration on the inflammatory process especially that associated with chronic disease.
Isolated premature menarche in two siblings with Neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Blackburn James , Didi Mohammed , Avula Shivaram , Senniappan Senthil 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, caused by mutation in NF1. The condition is typified by the development of benign and malignant tumours in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Isolated menarche is a sub-classification of incomplete isosexual precocious puberty typified by menarche in girls with no other features of pubertal development. The effects of NF1 on pubertal timing are poorly understood, we report two siblings with NF1 and apparent abnormal pubertal development.

Case Presentation
Two siblings were referred to the tertiary paediatric endocrinology clinic at 6 and 7 years of age with recurrent, cyclical vaginal bleeding. There was a strong family history of NF1, the mother of the siblings and two brothers were also diagnosed at a young age. On examination both patients were prepubertal at presentation. Both siblings underwent a gonadotrophin releasing hormone test, which revealed a follicle-stimulating hormone dominant (prepubertal) response. The features were suggestive of isolated premature menarche as no other cause was identified. The elder sibling established menarche and developed signs of consonant pubertal development at 12 years of age. The younger sibling remains under regular follow-up.

Conclusions
NF1 has previously been associated with alterations in pubertal timing. We report, for the first time, two siblings with NF1 who presented with isolated menarche.
Mucopolysaccharidosis III in Mainland China: natural history, clinical and molecular characteristics of 34 patients
Authors: Kong Weijing , Meng Yan , Zou Liping , Yang Guang , Wang Jing , Shi Xiuyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Sanfilippo syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis III, MPS III) is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease, which is caused by lysosomal enzyme deficiency. This study was operated to investigate clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with MPS III, which will improve the diagnosis and treatment of MPS III.

Method
Thirty four patients with MPS III were assessed using clinical evaluation, questionnaire, and scoring system.

Results
Among the 34 patients, 14 had MPS IIIA, 19 had MPS III B, and one had MPS III C. Speech delay (100%) and intellectual disability (100%) were the most prevalent clinical manifestations in this cohort, followed by hyperactivity (94.12%), hirsutism (91.18%), enlarged head circumference (73.52%), repeated diarrhea (67.64%), sparse teeth (67.64%), and Mongolian spots (64.71%). There were two clinical manifestations that were significantly different between IIIA and IIIB: Hepatosplenomegaly and serrated teeth. The most common initial symptoms at diagnosis were speech delay (52.94%), hyperactivity (35.29%), and mental retardation (29.41%). Genetic analysis of 25 patients was conducted, which identified 12 novel mutations.

Conclusion
When language retardation, mental retardation, and rough facial features occurred, MPS III should be considered. At same time, more examination should be operated, such as examination of changes in cranial magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral cortex atrophy. Hepatosplenomegaly and serrated teeth could be used clinically to preliminarily distinguish IIIA from IIIB.
Genetic characteristics and follow-up of patients with fatty acid β-oxidation disorders through expanded newborn screening in a Northern Chinese population
Authors: Wang Shuting , Leng Junhong , Diao Chengming , Wang Yuan , Zheng Rongxiu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Fatty acid β-oxidation disorders (FAODs) include more than 15 distinct disorders and have a wide variety of symptoms, usually not evident between episodes of acute decompensation. After the introduction of newborn screening (NBS) using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), early identification of FAODs has become feasible. We analyzed the MS/MS results in Tianjin, China during a six-year period to evaluate the incidence, disease spectrum, and genetic characteristics of FAODs.

Methods
We analyzed the MS/MS results for screening FAODs from May 2013 to December 2018 in Tianjin, China. Infants with positive screening results were confirmed through next-generation sequencing and validated by Sanger sequencing.

Results
A total of 220,443 infants were screened and 25 FAODs patients were identified (1:8,817). Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) with an incidence rate up to 1:20,040 was the most common disorder among all FAODs. Recurrent mutations of relatively common diseases, like PCD and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCADD), were identified. During the follow-up, two patients suffered from sudden death due to carnitine palmitoyl transferase-Ⅱ deficiency (CPT Ⅱ) and very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD).

Conclusion
Our data indicated that FAODs are relatively common in Tianjin and may even cause infant death in certain cases. The elucidated disease spectrum and genetic backgrounds elucidated in this study may contribute to the treatment and prenatal genetic counseling of FAODs.