bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c‐Myc‐mediated SNRPB upregulation functions as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Peng Ningfu , Li Jindu , He Jingrong , Shi Xianmao , Huang Hao , Mo Yishuai , Ye Hang , Wu Guobin , Wu Feixiang , Xiang Bangde , Zhong Jianhong , Li Lequn , Zhu Shaoliang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDysregulation of genes involved in alternative splicing contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. SNRPB, a component of spliceosome, is implicated in human cancers, yet its clinical significance and biological function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. Here, we show that SNRPB expression is increased in HCC tissues, compared with the nontumorous tissues, at both messenger RNA and protein levels in two independent cohorts. High expression of SNRPB is significantly associated with higher pathological grade, vascular invasion, serum alpha‐fetoprotein level, tumor metastasis, and poor disease‐free and overall survivals. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that SNRPB upregulation in HCC is mediated by c‐Myc. Positive correlation is found between SNRPB and c‐Myc expression in clinical samples. In vitro studies show that ectopic expression of SNRPB promotes HCC cell proliferation and migration, whereas knockdown of SNRPB results in the opposite phenotypes. Collectively, our data suggest SNRPB function as an oncogene and serve as a potential prognostic factor in HCC.
Two‐year follow‐up of a randomized multicenter study comparing a drug‐coated balloon with a drug‐eluting stent in native small coronary vessels: The RESTORE Small Vessel Disease China trial
Authors: Tian Jian , Tang Yi‐da , Qiao Shubin , Su Xi , Chen Yundai , Jin Zening , Chen Hui , Xu Biao , Kong Xiangqing , Pang Wenyue , Liu Yong , Yu Zaixin , Li Xue , Li Hui , Zhao Yanyan , Wang Yang , Li Wei , Guan Changdong , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo ,   for the RESTORE SVD China Investigators
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo report the clinical outcomes of the RESTORE drug‐coated balloon (DCB; Cardionovum, Bonn, Germany) for treatment of de novo small vessel disease (SVD) beyond 1 year.BackgroundPrevious reports have demonstrated the noninferiority of the RESTORE DCB to the RESOLUTE Integrity drug‐eluting stent (DES; Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota) in terms of 9‐month in‐segment percent diameter stenosis.MethodsIn the prospective, multicenter, noninferiority RESTORE SVD China trial, 230 patients with visually‐estimated reference vessel diameter (RVD) ≥2.25 and ≤2.75 mm were randomized to DCB or DES in a 1:1 ratio stratified by diabetes and number of lesions treated. Furthermore, 32 patients with RVD ≥2.00 and <2.25 mm were enrolled in a nested very small vessel (VSV) registry. Clinical follow‐up were performed at 2 years to evaluate target lesion failure (TLF) in both groups and the VSV cohort.ResultsOverall, 256 (97.7%) patients (115 and 109 in the DCB and DES groups, respectively, and 32 in the VSV cohort) completed 2 years of follow‐up. There was no significant difference in TLF between the DCB and DES groups (5.2 vs. 3.7%, p = .75). Target lesion revascularization was acceptable at 1 month, 1 year, and 2 years, and did not differ significantly with DCB from that in the DES group (0.9 vs. 0%, p = 1.0, 4.4 vs. 2.6%, p = .72, 5.2 vs. 2.8%, p = .50, respectively).ConclusionsCompared to the second‐generation DES, the RESTORE DCB did not increase the risk of clinical outcomes. Late catch‐up phenomen requiring revascularization was not significant in this study.
Enhanced Olefin Metathesis Performance of Tungsten and Niobium Incorporated Bimetallic Silicates: Evidence of Synergistic Effects
Authors: Wu Jian‐Feng , Ramanathan Anand , Kersting Reinhard , Jystad Amy , Zhu Hongda , Hu Yongfeng , Marshall Craig P. , Caricato Marco , Subramaniam Bala 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTungsten and niobium incorporated KIT‐6 (WNb‐KIT‐6) materials were synthesized by a one‐pot sol‐gel method. During 2‐butene+ethylene metathesis with these materials at 450 °C, the propene yield is maximized (∼70 %) at a certain metal composition (∼20 wt% W and ∼1 wt% Nb), significantly surpassing those reported with an industrial WO3/SiO2 catalyst. The enhanced propene yield is attributed to better dispersion of W species on the catalyst surface and the formation of new active site precursors (O=)2W(O−Si)(O−Nb), as confirmed by XRD, TEM, H2‐TPR, XPS, EXAFS, and ToF‐SIMS techniques. Complementary DFT calculations reveal a positive correlation between the O=W=O bond angle and the propene yield. We therefore speculate that the −O−Nb moiety tunes the electronic environment around the W atom and increases the propene yield.
Few‐layer Black Phosphorous Catalyzes Radical Additions to Alkenes Faster than Low‐valence Metals
Authors: Tejeda‐Serrano María , Lloret Vicent , Márkus Bence G. , Simon Ferenc , Hauke Frank , Hirsch Andreas , Doménech‐Carbó Antonio , Abellán Gonzalo , Leyva‐Pérez Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe substitution of catalytic metals by p‐block main elements has a tremendous impact not only in the fundamentals but also in the economic and ecological fingerprint of organic reactions. Here we show that few‐layer black phosphorous (FL‐BP), a recently discovered and now readily available 2D material, catalyzes different radical additions to alkenes with an initial turnover frequency (TOF0) up to two orders of magnitude higher than representative state‐of‐the‐art metal complex catalysts at room temperature. The corresponding electron‐rich BP intercalation compound (BPIC) KP6 shows a nearly twice TOF0 increase with respect to FL‐BP. This increase in catalytic activity respect to the neutral counterpart also occurs in other 2D materials (graphene vs. KC8) and metal complex catalysts (Fe0 vs. Fe2− carbon monoxide complexes). This reactive parallelism opens the door for cross‐fertilization between 2D materials and metal catalysts in organic synthesis.
Anti‐sintering Pt Particles Confined in Short Ordered Mesoporous Carbon with Rapid Mass Transport for Superior and Robust Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Liao Yifei , Wang Yao , Zhang Ruixue , Wu Chaoling , Yan Yigang , Chen Yungui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe widespread use of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is still hindered by the sluggish activity and poor durability of cathode Pt‐based catalysts. Ordered mesoporous carbons are used to inhibit the coarsening and detachment of Pt during oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the long mesopores of OMCs make it hard to utilize the encapsulated Pt particles, leading to a poor ORR activity. Here, we have constructed an OMC with short mesoporous channel as support for confining Pt particles (Pt@s‐OMC). Owing to the shortened meso‐channels, the proton and oxygen transport is efficiently boosted, resulting an enhanced mass activity (167.1 mA mgPt−1 at 0.9 V); meanwhile, more metallic Pt and excellent pore structures guarantee the stability of Pt (88 % retention after 4000 cycles). Thus Pt@s‐OMC possesses a superior activity and durability simultaneously. This work highlights a distinctive approach to settle the contradiction between high activity and durability, which provides a new insight into ORR catalysts.
Sustainable Ligand‐Free Heterogeneous Palladium‐Catalyzed Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling Reaction in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Messa Francesco , Dilauro Giuseppe , Perna Filippo M. , Vitale Paola , Capriati Vito , Salomone Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe commercially available and cheap Pd/C was found to promote Sonogashira couplings in the environmentally friendly choline chloride/glycerol eutectic mixture in the absence of external ligands. Under heterogeneous conditions, (hetero)aryl iodides were successfully coupled with both aromatic and aliphatic alkynes in yields ranging from 50 to 99 % within 3 h at 60 °C. The aforementioned catalytic system proved to be effective also towards electron‐rich iodides, which are notoriously known to be poorly reactive in Pd‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions. The eutectic mixture and the catalyst could easily and successfully be recycled up to four times with an E‐factor as low as 24.4.
Continuous Interfacial Centrifugal Separation and Recovery of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Deshpande Jaydeep B. , Navale Govinda R. , Dharne Mahesh S. , Kulkarni Amol A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractContinuous‐flow separation and recovery of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an annular centrifugal extractor (ACE) is demonstrated. Separation was achieved at the liquid‐liquid interface based on the balance between centrifugal force and the solubility of the capping agent. A mathematical model is presented to understand the mechanism in greater detail. The separation of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)‐coated AgNPs in an ACE using a strong immiscible solvent was performed. The material accumulated at the interface was separated periodically without discontinuing the operation. The method is also suitable for separation of large particles or 1D/2D nanostructures even employing a single annular centrifugal extractor. Stable AgNPs were selected for a detailed antimicrobial activity study.
Overcoming Chemical Inertness under Ambient Conditions: A Critical View on Recent Developments in Ammonia Synthesis via Electrochemical N2 Reduction by Asking Five Questions
Authors: Qin Qing , Oschatz Martin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) synthesis by the electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) is increasingly studied and proposed as an alternative process to overcome the disadvantages of Haber‐Bosch synthesis by a more energy‐efficient, carbon‐free, delocalized, and sustainable process. An ever‐increasing number of scientists are working on the improvement of the faradaic efficiency (FE) and NH3 production rate by developing novel catalysts, electrolyte concepts, and/or by contributing theoretical studies. The present Minireview provides a critical view on the interplay of different crucial aspects in NRR from the electrolyte, over the mechanism of catalytic activation of N2, to the full electrochemical cell. Five critical questions are asked, discussed, and answered, each coupled with a summary of recent developments in the respective field. This article is not supposed to be a complete summary of recent research about NRR but provides a rather critical personal view on the field. It is the major aim to give an overview over crucial influences on different length scales to shine light on the sweet spots into which room for revolutionary instead of incremental improvements may exist.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Cation‐Induced Guest Release from Cucurbit[7]uril
Authors: Miskolczy Zsombor , Megyesi Mónika , Biczók László , Prabodh Amrutha , Biedermann Frank 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe release of two organic guests from cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) was selectively monitored by the stopped‐flow method in aqueous solutions of inorganic salts to reveal the mechanistic picture in detail. Two contrasting mechanisms were identified: The symmetric dicationic 2,7‐dimethyldiazapyrenium shows a cation‐independent complex dissociation mechanism coupled to deceleration of the ingression in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth cations (Mn+) due to competitive formation of CB7–Mn+ complexes. A much richer, unprecedented kinetic behaviour was observed for the ingression and egression of the monocationic and non‐symmetric berberine (B+). The formation of ternary complex B+–CB7–Mn+ was unambiguously revealed. A difference of more than two orders of magnitude was found in the equilibrium constants of Mn+ binding to B+–CB7 inclusion complex. Large cations, such as K+ and Ba2+, also promoted B+ expulsion from the ternary complex in a bimolecular process. This study reveals a previously hidden mechanistic picture and motivates systematic kinetic investigations of other host–guest systems.
Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers using a functionalized initiator for chiral‐selective recognition of propranolol
Authors: Liu Weifeng , Holdsworth Clovia , Ye Lei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present a new concept of synthesis for preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers using a functionalized initiator to replace the traditional functional monomer. Using propranolol as a model template, a carboxyl‐functionalized radical initiator was demonstrated to lead to high‐selectivity polymer particles prepared in a standard precipitation polymerization system. When a single enantiomer of propranolol was used as template, the imprinted polymer particles exhibited clear chiral selectivity in an equilibrium binding experiment. Unlike the previous molecular imprinting systems where the active free radicals can be distant from the template‐functional monomer complex, the method reported in this work makes sure that the actual radical polymerization takes place in the vicinity of the template‐associated functional groups. The success of using functional initiator to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymers brings in new possibilities to improve the functional performance of molecularly imprinted synthetic receptors.
Almost sure stability for a class of dual switching linear discrete‐time systems
Authors: Long Fei , Liu Cai , Ou Weihua 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a dual switching discrete‐time linear system, simultaneously subject to deterministic switching and Markov chain, is considered. This study does not consider the transition probability of the Markov chain as fixed but determined by the current position of deterministic switching. Namely, such dual switching discrete‐time linear system is composed of a family of discrete‐time Markov jump systems and follows a rule that directs the switching sequences between them. The exponentially almost sure stability problem, for dual switching discrete‐time linear system with exponential uncertainty, is addressed by using persistent dwell time and stochastic multi‐Lyapunov function. The sufficient conditions for the exponentially almost sure stability of dual switching discrete‐time linear system are expressed as linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example demonstrates the validity of the derived results.
Fine needle aspiration of nodular cystic swelling showing a rare melanized fungus Medicopsis romeroi: A case report
Authors: Prasad Shubhra , Khurana Ujjawal , Karuna Tadepalli , Brahmachari Swagata , Sinha Jitendra Kumar , Tandon Ashwani , Kapoor Neelkamal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA young woman on long term corticosteroid therapy presented with a discrete hyperpigmented nodular cystic swelling on her upper thigh to the buttock region. There was history of discharging sinuses however at presentation the lesion was painless nondischarging. The lesion was subjected to fine‐needle aspiration. The cytological smears on routine and special stains showed branching, septate fungal hyphae present extracellularly and intracellularly. The background showed dense mixed inflammation and granulomatous inflammation. The aspirated material was further subjected to culture. A nonsporulating melanized fungus was obtained and a culture isolate was sent for molecular characterization. Medicopsis romeroi, a rare melanized fungus belonging to the order Pleosporales was isolated on Internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
Source to sink reconstruction of a Holocene Fjord‐infill: Depositional patterns, suspended sediment yields, wind‐induced circulation patterns and trapping efficiency for Lake Strynevatnet, inner Nordfjord, Norway
Authors: Storms Joep E. A. , Beylich Achim A. , Hansen Louise , Waldmann Nicolas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper reconstructs the sedimentation volumes and patterns, suspended sediment yields, wind‐induced circulation patterns and sediment trapping efficiency of Lake Strynevatnet, western Norway as an integrated source to sink system. The lake became deglaciated ca 11 ky cal bp, with glacio‐isostatic uplift isolating the basin from the nearby fjord (Nordfjord) ca 9.2 ky cal bp. Based on geophysical data collected in 2010, the upper 15–20 m of Holocene sediment accumulation in the lake was mapped. A sediment body in the centre of the lake indicates a depositional mechanism dominated by suspension sedimentation. The source of this sediment is associated with the adjacent glaciated catchments westward of the lake. Three seismic units were identified based on seismic facies generating an evolutionary model utilizing three depositional units (U1, U2 and U3), in which unit U2 represents the Storegga tsunami event. Unit U3 is further divided into three subunits; U3a, U3b and U3c based on their spatial continuity and subtle downlapping and onlapping relationships. The degree to which wind conditions could have affected the lake depositional patterns were studied utilizing an open‐source coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport model. The results show that fluvial discharge alone is incapable of generating a circulation pattern in the lake currents. Suspended sediment concentrations in the lake are highest for strong winds. Modelled sediment accumulation on the lake floor shows that mild or absent winds lead to a proximal to distal sediment thickness trend, while strong winds result in uniform sediment thickness. Based on this it is argued that the thickness trends of seismic subunits U3a‐c are related to a variable palaeowind climate. As such, seismic data of lake infills, in combination with numerical modelling, may provide valuable palaeoclimatic information on wind patterns.
Simplified quantification of insulin, its synthetic analogs and C‐peptide in human plasma by means of LC‐HRMS
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Yang Rouxue , Petring Simon , Bally Lia , Thevis Mario 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe quantification of peptide hormones by means of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) or other techniques (e.g. immunoassays) has been a challenging task in modern analytical chemistry. Especially for insulin, its synthetic analogs, and C‐peptide, reliable determinations are urgently needed due to their diagnostic value in the management of diabetes and insulin resistance and because of the illicit use of insulin as a performance‐enhancing agent in professional sports or as an effective toxin in forensic toxicology. The concomitant measurement of C‐peptide and insulin offers an established tool for the diagnostic workup of hypoglycemia (endogenous vs. exogenous hyperinsulinemia), characterizing hepatic insulin clearance, and the assessment of beta‐cell function (insulin secretion). Thus, the present approach offers the possibility to determine human insulin and its synthetic analogs (lispro, glulisine, aspart, glargine metabolite, degludec, detemir, porcine, and bovine) and C‐peptide simultaneously after sample preparation utilizing protein precipitation and a mixed‐mode cation‐exchange solid‐phase extraction, and subsequent detection by LC‐high resolution MS. The method was fully validated regarding the following parameters: specificity, limit of detection (0.2 ng/mL), limit of quantification (0.6 ng/mL), recovery (40–90%), accuracy (78–128%), linearity, precision (< 21%), carry over, robustness, and matrix effects. The proof‐of‐concept was shown by analyzing authentic plasma samples from adults with class II obesity and prediabetes collected in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test. All sample preparation steps were controlled by two stable isotope‐labeled internal standards, namely [[2H10] Leu B6, B11, B15, B17]‐insulin, and [[13C6] Leu 26, 30] C‐peptide.
Analytical validation and field testing of a specific qPCR assay for environmental DNA detection of invasive European green crab (Carcinus maenas)
Authors: Roux Louise‐Marie D. , Giblot‐Ducray Danièle , Bott Nathan J. , Wiltshire Kathryn H. , Deveney Marty R. , Westfall Kristen M. , Abbott Cathryn L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) methods are providing tools for detecting invasive species in aquatic environments. Targeted qPCR assays applied to eDNA samples promise to overcome limitations of traditional methods, especially for early detection. The European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is considered one of the most successful invasive species globally due to the large range it has invaded and negative impacts on native species, marine habitats, and shellfish industries. We developed, laboratory‐validated, and field‐tested a specific qPCR assay for the detection of green crab from eDNA samples. We also show that the assay can detect green crab in bulk DNA extracted from plankton samples. Assay design, optimization, sensitivity, and specificity testing generally followed the validation pathway recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health for assays used to manage global aquatic animal health and infectious disease. Assay specificity was verified in silico and in vitro by laboratory testing 26 nontarget species, none of which showed potential for amplification. Assay sensitivity was appropriately high, with the limit of detection approaching two gene copies/μl. The assay was field‐tested on eDNA samples collected from filtered seawater at five sites on the Pacific coast of Canada known to harbor green crab based on historical monitoring data; green crab DNA was amplified from all sites. We also present early pilot field testing of the assay done on bulk DNA extracted from plankton samples from four sites from Australia, two sites with and two sites without reported records of green crab presence. Green crab was detected at both sites with known green crab records. Significant inhibition was recorded for some plankton samples but not for eDNA samples. This is the first qPCR assay for detection of European green crab, providing researchers and managers with a valuable new tool to aid early detection and ongoing monitoring.
Tutorial overview of simple, stratified, and parametric bootstrapping
Authors: Shankar P. M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStudents pursuing baccalaureate degrees in electrical engineering and computer engineering are required to take a course in probability and statistics. While the course continues to be mostly conceptual, author started initiatives to introduce data analytics in this course with special emphasis on machine vision applications. Topics such as receiver operating characteristics curves and hypothesis testing are covered through examples and exercises with students having individual datasets. Continuing with this theme, bootstrapping and associated methodologies have now been introduced to facilitate interpretation of machine vision experiments. A demo created that illustrates simple, stratified, and parametric bootstrapping as a means to understand the statistics of a machine vision sensor is presented. It encompasses a number of conceptual topics such as random variables, densities, parameter estimation, chi square testing, etc. alongside data analytics offering a holistic picture of machine learning and machine vision to the undergraduate students.