bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer and Self-assessment of Professionalism in Undergraduate Medical Students at the University of Calgary
Authors: Alakija Pauline , Lockyer Jocelyn 
Published: April 2020

Background: Peer and self assessment processes are integral to the development of professional behaviours. The purpose of this study was to assess the Rochester Peer Assessment Tool (RPAT) among a group of volunteer first year students.Methods: We assessed feasibility through participation rates. The evidence for the validity of instrument scores was ascertained through an exploratory factor analysis, MANOVA to determine age and gender differences, and a discrepancy analysis between the self and peer data. Reliability analyses included the Cronbach's alpha analysis and G- and D-studies. Students completed a feedback questionnaire to provide data about acceptability.Results: Self and peer data were collected for 46 and 44 students, respectively. Each student had a mean of 7.2 peer assessments (out of a possible 8). The factor analysis identified two factors, interpersonal skills and work study habits. The discrepancy analysis showed students in the lowest/highest quartiles, as assessed by peers, had higher/lower self means than peer means. The G-coefficient was Ep2 = 0.77. Student feedback was positive.Conclusions: RPAT was feasible in our setting, was acceptable to the students, and has been adopted as a mandatory part of our program for first and second year students. The study added to the evidence base for the reliability and validity of the RPAT instrument scores as a method of assessing professional behaviours.
Attitudes of Pre-clinical Medical Students towards Psychiatric Patients Before and After an Early Clinical Experience
Authors: Rudnick Abraham 
Published: April 2020

Background: Stigma or negative discriminatory attitudes towards psychiatric patients are common in the general public. These attitudes are also demonstrated by medical practitioners and by medical students, which can lead to medical harm to psychiatric patients. This study aimed to improve attitudes of medical students towards psychiatric patients before their clinical rotations.Methods: Second year preclinical medical students participated in a brief structured early clinical experience which involved introduction to a psychiatric patient in a hospital/clinic setting or in a community vocational setting. Students were randomized to either setting. Data were collected one week before, one week after, and 3 months after the early clinical experience by administering the Medical Condition Regard Scale.Results: The students’ attitudes towards psychiatric patients improved, particularly at follow up. Only male student attitudes improved significantly.Conclusion: Further study is required to understand and improve medical students’ attitudes towards psychiatric patients, perhaps particularly in relation to female students’ attitudes.
A Conceptual Model for Teaching Social Responsibility and Health Advocacy: An Ambulatory/Community Experience (ACE)
Authors: Girard-Pearlman Banack Jeannine , Albert Mathieu , Byrne Niall , Walters Cassandra 
Published: April 2020

Background: At a macro level, Social Responsibility and Social Accountability are explicit priorities for medical schools in Canada and internationally, although the advancement of this vision is still developing. At a micro level, Health Advocacy is important for physicians-in-training as well as practicing physicians. The conceptual model being proposed is that Social Responsibility is connected to mastering Health Advocacy. The University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine has 16 years of experience through a mandatory 4th year clerkship course entitled the Ambulatory/Community Experience (ACE) which from inception emphasized Social Responsibility and Health Advocacy. The objective of this retrospective study was to provide a model to support the acquisition of Health Advocacy and the development of socially responsible medical students.Methods: A conceptual model with three distinct elements: 1) ambulatory/community placements, 2) individual pedagogical approaches and 3) narrative, reflective assignments was applied.Results: The three elements of the model, all based on the five ACE learning domains (objectives) and embedded in CanMEDS type competencies, are effective and appear to support achievement of competency in Health Advocacy.Conclusion: A model which includes vetted ambulatory/community placements, individual pedagogical approaches, and narrative reflective assignments based on objectives with a Health Advocate perspective appears to encourage Social Responsibility in medical students.
Illustrated step by step protocol to perform molecular docking: Human estrogen receptor complex with 4-hydroxytamoxifen as a case study
Authors: Khan Shafi Ullah , Ahemad Nafees , Chuah Lay-Hong , Naidu Rakesh , Htar Thet Thet 
Published: April 2020

Molecular docking is one of the most frequently used technique in structure-based drug design. Molecular docking can predict the binding-conformation and interactions of small molecule to the appropriate binding site within the target protein. This tutorial aimed to design a step by step protocol to get the basic insight into the molecular docking calculations employing very simple and easy to follow procedure
Mifumo ya Kijamii katika Tamthilia Teule za Kiswahili
Authors: Oketch Samson Ezekiel , Ambuyo Beverlyne Asiko , Makokha Rosemary 
Published: April 2020

Mifumo ya kijamii inajitokeza waziwazi katika fasihi andishi ya Kiswahili. Mifumo hiyo huwakilisha matukio ya fasihi andishi na jinsi yanavyoichora na kwa mapana kuwa kioo cha jamii. Tafiti nyingi zilizofanywa zinahusu vipengele vya fasihi kama vile maudhui, matumizi ya lugha, wahusika na mandhari katika fasihi. Katika tafiti hizo, watafiti hawajaonyesha mifumo jamii inayojitokeza kutokana na vipengele hivi. Utafiti huu umezama na kiutathimini mifumo hii kupitia kwa tamthilia teule za Kiswahili ambazo ni: tamthilia ya Pango (2003) kilichoandikwa na Wamitila, Kifo Kisimani (2008) kilichoandikwa na Kithaka Wa Mberia na Mstahiki Meya (2009) kilichoandikwa na Timothy Arege. Mifumo iliyotafitiwa katika utafiti huu ni: mfumo wa utawala na siasa, wa uchumi katika jamii, wa utamaduni, wa imani na dini, ule wa tabaka za jamii na ule wa elimu ya jamii. Utafiti huu umeongozwa na madhumuni mahsusi yafutayo: kujadili maudhui yanayodhihirisha mifumo ya jamii katika tamthilia teule; kuchanganua mitindo ya lugha inavyodhihirisha mifumo ya kijamii kutoka tamthilia teule; na kuchunguza wahusika katika uhusika wao kwenye mandhari maalumu wanavyojenga ploti inayochangia kuweka wazi mifumo ya kijamii kutoka tamthilia teule. Kiunzi cha nadharia ya uchunguzi kimejengwa na nadharia za uhalisia na nadharia ya umtindo. Mihimili ya nadharia ya uhalisia ikiwemo masuala ya utawala na uongozi, yale ya vijana, udhanifu, ukosefu wa ajira na masuala ya jinsia imebainishwa kadri ilivyojitokeza kupitia tamthilia teule. Mbali na nadharia za uhalisia na umtindo nadharia ya ukoloni mamboleo imetumika kuelezea hali katika tamthilia hasa utambuzi wa mifumo jamii inayotokana na matokeo ya baada ya uhuru. Utafiti umeongozwa na tamthilia 26 zilizoandikwa nchini Kenya na Tanzania tangu mwaka wa 2000. Tamthilia 26 zilizotumika ni zile zilizoandikwa na wazawa asilia wa Afrika Mashariki na kati kufikia mwaka wa 2014. Asilimia kumi ya idadi hiyo ilipeana sampuli ya mbili nukta sita (2.6) ambacho ni kifani tosha cha tamthilia tatu. Utafiti huu umejikita Kenya na Tanzania kwa kigezo kuwa mbali na Kiswahili kuchimbukia na kuenea zaidi katika janibu hizi, imebainika pia kuwa sera na sheria za kikatiba za nchi hizi zimekipa Kiswahili kipao mbele. Orodha ya uchuzaji imetumika kukusanya data. Uchanganuzi wa data ulitumia yaliyomo. Utafiti huu unatarajiwa kuibua mawazo mapya kuhusu mifumo ya kijamii inayotokana na fasihi na hivyo kuchangia katika ukuaji wa elimu.
Práticas e representações do poder local:
Authors: Lemos Júnior José Romildo Souza 
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a bibliografia em Língua Portuguesa sobre poder local, sendo um dos resultados das reflexões que feitas na dissertação de mestrado, de minha autoria, intitulada Família, Poder e Representações: tramas do cenário político agrestinense entre o final da década de 1940 e o início dos anos 1990. Discutimos aqui a utilização das contribuições da história cultural na análise das relações entre poder local e representações. O artigo apresenta considerações a respeito da aplicabilidade de conceitos tais como coronelismo, cultura política e representações, todos estes em diálogo com o conceito de poder local.
Atatürk'ün Sofrası
Authors: ERDOĞAN Abdullah 
Published: April 2020

Kendisini iyi yetiştiren bireyin gerektiğinde devleti de iyi yöneteceğini söyleyen Eflatun (Platon), öğrencileri ile kendi evinin bahçesinde tartışmalar yapmıştır. İnsanlar genellikle kendilerini rahat hissetmedikleri durumlarda fikirlerini beyan etmekten kaçınabilirler. Bunun farkında olan Mustafa Kemal Atatürk sofrasına devlet adamlarını davet ederek sıcak bir ortam yaratmayı düşünmüştür. Bu sofrada iç politika, dış politika, ekonomi, tarih, coğrafya, dil gibi çeşitli bilimsel konular, günün önemli sorunları, inkılâp hareketleri ve bu doğrultuda her çeşit milli mesele görüşülmüştür. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’ni Ankara’dan Başbakan İsmet İnönü ve bakanlar yönettiği için bu sofrayı hükümet merkezi olarak algılamak yanlış olur. Atatürk’ün sofrasına katılabilmek için davet edilmiş olmak gerekmektedir. Ancak İsmet Paşa (İnönü), Dışişleri Bakanı Dr. Tevfik Rüştü Aras ve Şükrü Kaya’nın ayrıcalıkları vardır. Bunlar her zaman, işlerinden arta kalan zamanlarında ve gerek gördükleri vakit, hangi saatte olursa olsun, sofraya gelebilirlerdi. Atatürk’ün sofranın özelliği şudur, sofrada sadece yemek yenmez önemli devlet işleri de tartışılırdı. Atatürk sofraya ne cins yemek gelirse onu yer, sofradaki çok çeşitli mezelerden yalnız çok sevdiği kavrulmuş leblebiyi tercih ederdi. Yemeklerden ise, omlet, karnıyarık ve kuru fasulyeyi severdi. Bu çalışmada Atatürk’ün sofrasının sıradan bir yemek sofrası olmadığı değerlendirilecektir.
L’art de dissimuler les catastrophes et l’occasion de combattre quelques préjugés moraux
Authors: Lévy François 
Published: April 2020

Faire dire aux mots, par le mensonge, autre chose que ce qu’ils désignent semble être une nécessité liée à l’assujettissement de tout humain au langage parlé, écrit ou non verbal. Ainsi le mensonge permet-il aussi bien de constituer un espace à soi que de dissimuler-et-révéler les troubles profonds affectant la pensée. Se distinguant de bien des analystes qui considèrent les menteurs comme « inanalysables », Bion a montré l’origine du processus mensonger dans les attaques portées contre les éléments présentés comme décrivant la réalité de façon fallacieuse, à condition que le menteur en tire profit. C’est ce qu’ont fait aussi certains auteurs – peintres, écrivains, malades mentaux – qui ont attaqué les mots pour que les mots ne les tuent pas.
Freud, Fließ et Weininger : une affaire de mot ?
Authors: Kamieniak Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2020

Si Fließ s’est efforcé de donner un contenu savant à l’idée de bisexualité , lequel impressionna le jeune chercheur qu’était alors son ami Freud, ce dernier ne tardera pas à tenter d’ériger ce vocable au fondement biologique fantaisiste en concept analytique, lui donnant cette dimension psychique féconde, le démarquant radicalement des convictions fliessiennes reprises par un Weininger dont le suicide précoce assurera la notoriété. De fait, Freud, bien malgré lui, se trouvera au cœur d’un imbroglio autour de cette notion alors réduite au seul mot de bisexualité.
Bienveillance, un mot jeté à la mer ?
Authors: Frigout Stéphanie 
Published: April 2020

La bienveillance occupe depuis quelques années le devant de la scène. Le champ scolaire n’y échappe pas. Discours et textes institutionnels en sont saturés. Une telle ubiquité questionne : s’agit-il d’un « faire écran » ? La prescription à la bienveillance viendrait-elle recouvrir conflits psychiques et fantasmes propres à la relation éducative ? Si le mot survit à son martellement, ce n’est pas sans engager une réelle réflexion sur les résonances singulières qu’il a pour les enseignants.
La métropole de Haute-Silésie, une gouvernance territoriale innovante
Authors: Pyka Robert , Behr Valentin 
Published: April 2020

La Métropole de Katowice, dans la voïvodie de Silésie en Pologne, constitue une expérimentation politique originale : elle est devenue en 2017 la première communauté métropolitaine de Pologne, donnant ainsi naissance à un niveau de coopération intercommunale inédit. Cette construction institutionnelle marque un tournant dans le phénomène métropolitain en Pologne, avec la création de nouveaux rôles politiques et échelles d’action publique. Elle pose aussi la question de la légitimité démocratique de l’échelon métropolitain. L’article revient sur le processus d’institutionnalisation du niveau métropolitain à Katowice et en souligne les spécificités, avant de présenter les résultats d’enquêtes évaluant la perception de ce phénomène par les élus locaux.
Heidegger : une phénoménologie de la liberté ?
Authors: Anelli Alberto 
Published: April 2020

Le détachement de Heidegger de la phénoménologie transcendantale de Husserl est habituellement interprété comme un tournant vers la temporalité, l’historicité, l’existence et le processus décisionnel. Cependant, le tournant herméneutique de Heidegger mérite d’être mieux vérifié. Le phénomène de la liberté humaine offre une perspective privilégiée pour accomplir cette tâche : en analysant les divers concepts de liberté chez Heidegger, le but de cet article est d’identifier l’idée originale, bien que problématique, qui sous-tend toutes ces conceptions. Cette idée consiste dans le fait que l’événement de la décision s’inscrit dans un cadre a priori – celui de la relation de l’homme avec l’Être – qui précède l’expérience, l’historicité et les formes concrètes de l’existence humaine. Par conséquent, dans la pensée de Heidegger, la dimension pratique et historique de l’existence risque de ne pas jouer un rôle significatif pour la liberté humaine.
« En chair et en os »
Authors: Falque Emmanuel 
Published: April 2020

« En chair et en os », le mot vaut certes pour la phénoménologie qu’on traduira par la présence en personne ( leibhaftig ). Mais c’est aussi un mot pour la théologie. Le Christ n’est-il pas lui-même ressuscité « en chair et en os » ( sarka kai ostea ) pour suivre l’évangile de Luc : « un esprit n’a ni chair ni os comme vous voyez que j’en ai » (Lc 24,39) ? L’homologie des termes, apparemment fortuite, de la philosophie et de la théologie impose de penser un « choc en retour » de la théologie sur la philosophie. Peut-être pourrait-il se faire qu’on ne puisse en rester ni à la simple apparition de la chair (désincarnation du corps) ni au pur spiritualisme de la résurrection (sorte de gnose). Dépassant la présence en personne (Husserl) ou la donation incarnée (Heidegger), cet essai propose paradoxalement de revenir au corps praxique (Marx) pour penser une véritable réalité pour nous du Christ ressuscité.
Role of Flow Propagation Velocity Across Mitral Valve in the Assessment of Diastolic Dysfunction and Prognostication in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Prasad Ravi Vishnu , Singh Kumar Vikram , Sethi K. K. , Singh Sukhvinder 
Published: April 2020

Background:
The importance of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction as a predictor of mortality and morbidity after acute myocardial infarction (MI) is well known. In MI, Doppler echocardiography can be used to determine the LV diastolic function, and a restrictive transmitral flow pattern has been related to the development of congestive heart failure and increased mortality. In patients with various etiologies of LV systolic dysfunction, restrictive filling has also proven to be an independent predictor of adverse outcome.

Materials and Methods:
130 patients who presented with diagnosis of acute MI were included. Echocardiography was performed within 24 hours of arrival to the coronary care unit. Most widely used approach for measuring mitral-to-apical flow was used for velocity propagation. Based on the ratio E/Vp, patients divided into two groups with E/Vp <1.5 and E/Vp >1.5. Patients were followed up subsequently.

Results:
In the study population, the average age of patients was 59 ± 11.6 years. There were 105 male (80.77%) and 25 female patients (19.23%). On evaluation of risk factors, 69 patients (53.08%) were hypertensive, 71 patients (54.62%) were diabetic, 7 patients (5.38%) were smokers, and 43 patients (33.08%) had dyslipidemia. In patients with E/Vp <1.5, 31 patients (73.81%) had Grade I diastolic dysfunction (DD) and 10 patients (23.81%) had Grade II DD. One patient (2.38%) had Grade III DD. In patients with E/Vp >1.5, 20 patients (22.73%) had Grade I DD, 52 patients (59.09%) had Grade II DD and 16 patients (18.18%) had Grade III DD.

Conclusion:
In this echocardiographic study of 130 patients with MI E/Vp measured with color M mode is easily obtainable and this E/Vp is a strong predictor of heart failure and mortality. The ratio of peak E wave velocity to flow propagation velocity can be used with other diastolic function variables in predicting outcome. Furthermore, these Doppler variables may be used as simple tools to rapidly risk stratify patients with acute MI.
Intellectual Freedom and Inclusivity: Opposites or Partners?
Authors: Thomas Deborah A. 
Published: April 2020

A commentary on a recent controversy in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, when a speaker considered to be transphobic was allowed to book a meeting room at Vancouver Public Library. The library defended the right of the speaker to her freedom of expression, though certain conditions were placed on the event and the library publicly distanced itself from her views. The library has experienced a fractured relationship with the transgendered and gender non-confirming community since the event which it is attempting to mend. This article is an exploration of the arguments on both sides in the library community and beyond and of the larger questions about the use of public meeting rooms and freedom of expression in the 21st century. It is also about the personal journey of the author, an advocate for both intellectual freedom and LGBTQ+ rights, and her conversations to those attempting to find a new definition of what constititutes intellectual freedom.
Teaching and Learning Physics in Senior High Schools in Ghana: The Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Coffie Isaac Sonful , Frempong Bans Bandoh , Appiah Eric 
Published: April 2020

Aim: Considering the technological age that we find ourselves in this 21st century, it would be expected that, the number of students willing to study physics will increase exponentially. However, reports indicate a sharp reduction of students in physics classrooms. This study therefore sought to identify the challenges and way forward for improving physics teaching and learning in Senior High Schools in Ghana.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional survey was used for the study.
Methodology: The main instrument used for the study was questionnaire. The sample size for the study comprised both physics teachers and students. The sample size for the teachers was made up of 38 teachers which comprised 34 males and 4 females who were selected using the convenient sampling approach. The sample size for the students consisted of 750 students selected by stratified sampling of which 520 were males and 230 were females.
Results: While the teachers perceived the most important factor affecting the teaching and learning of physics to be students-related problem, the students on the other hand perceived the major challenge affecting the teaching and learning of physics to be teacher-related. For both teachers and students, provision of adequate resources like well-equipped laboratories for teaching and learning is an assured way of improving the teaching and learning of physics in senior high schools in Ghana.
Conclusions: The challenges in teaching physics as perceived by both teachers and students are teacher related, student-related and resource-constraints It was recommended that the government must make conscious effort to provide the schools with adequate science resources to facilitate the practical approach to teaching and learning of physics.
Toxicological Effect of Biodiesel Emission Particles on Cellular System of Albino Rats
Authors: Olalekan Adeyemi, , Oyeyemi Adeyemi, 
Published: April 2020

Aim: This study investigates toxicological effect of biodiesel smokes on cellular system of albino rats.
Study Design: Biodiesel was blended with fuel diesel at 100, 75, 50, and 25% v/v. Rats were exposed to each flame for 120 seconds daily over a period of ten days.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory work was carried out in the Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Nigeria.
Methodology: Rats were grouped into six each containing six rats designated; Control group (no exposure), FD (exposed to smoke of fuel diesel), 100BD, 75BD, 50BD and 25BD exposed to 100, 75, 50 and 25% blend of biodiesel respectively. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed, liver, lungs and brain was isolated and homogenized. Serum was also separated. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), choline esterase (CEST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed for in the selected tissues.
Results: ALP activity of liver of rats in Control group was significantly higher (p<.05) relative to rats in other treatment groups. Lungs ACP activity of rats in Control groups was 3 folds that of rats in FD group, 2 folds those of rats in 100BD, 75BD and 25BD groups. CEST activity in brain of rats in Control group was 3 folds that of FD group and two folds that of 50BD and 25BD group of rats. Conversely, serum CEST activity of rats in Control group was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to that of other treatment groups it is about 16% that of FD group in particular. Serum MDA level of Control rats was significantly lower (p<.05) relative to each of the other treatment groups.
Conclusion: Biochemical evidence from this study indicated loss of membrane integrity, possible inflammation of cells of the brain, lungs, and liver.
Performance Evaluation of Some Selected Okra Genotypes
Authors: Ashraf A. T. M. Hamim , Rahman M. Mizanur , Hossain M. Mofazzal , Sarker Umakanta 
Published: April 2020

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur to evaluate the Performance of Selected Okra Genotypes for Growth and Yield Parameter. The study was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) from March 2008 to July 2008. The studied characters were plant height, branches plant-1, days to first flowering, days to first fruit harvest, picking duration, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruits plant-1, fruit weight, picking duration, yield plant-1, yield hectare-1 and virus infestation. The results showed that studied genotypes differed significantly regarding all the character studied. The maximum plant height (173.92 cm), days to first flowering (40.00), days to first fruit harvest (9.33), picking duration (49.33) found in Green glory genotypes while maximum branches plant-1 (2.50) found in Seminis. The highest fruit length (15.85 cm) and fruit weight (17.81 g) was recorded in IPSA okra, fruit diameter (18.54 mm) in Green glory, fruits plant-1 (15.27), yield plant-1 (250.24 g), yield hectare-1 (13.73 t ha-1) in Jhalak while lowest virus infestation also recorded in Jhalak in all the studied days after sowing. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that the genotypes ‘Jhalok’ and ‘BARI Dherosh 1’ performed better among the studied genotypes and can be recommended for commercial cultivation.