bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Current and Severe Pain Among People Living with HIV: Results From a Statewide Sample
Authors: Joseph Verlin , Jones Abenaa , Canidate Shantrel , Mannes Zachary , Lu Huiyin , Ennis Nicole , Ibanez Gladys , Somboonwit Charurut , Cook Robert 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more likely to suffer from pain compared to the general public. Pain often clusters with mental health symptoms and substance use. This study sought to evaluate mental health and substance use factors associated with any pain and severe pain intensities among PLHIV. Methods: Data were derived from HIV+ adults (N=733) recruited from community health centers across Florida who completed questionnaires regarding demographics, chronic pain, HIV clinical outcomes, mental health symptoms, and substance use information. Pain was assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) short form. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the relationship between selected covariates and pain. Results: Approximately half (45.0%) of participants reported having any current pain while 16.1% reported severe pain. The odds of having any current pain were 2.49 (CI 95% 1.48, 4.18, p<0.01) times greater among PLHIV reporting anxiety and 1.69 (CI 95% 1.11, 2.57, p=0.01) times greater among PLHIV reporting PTSD compared to those without those factors. The odds of having severe pain were 2.03 (CI 95% 1.03, 4.01, p=0.04) times greater among PLHIV reporting anxiety and 2.02 (CI 95% 1.26, 3.24, p<0.01) times greater among female participants compared to PLHIV without those factors respectively. Factors including depression, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use were not statistically associated with any current pain nor with severe pain.Conclusion: The relationship between pain and mental health is complex. Thus, future research is needed to determine if pain treatments may reduce mental health symptoms or if treatments can be targeted to address both issues simultaneously.
Isolation of murine large intestinal crypt cell populations with flow sorting
Authors: Habowski Amber N. , Bates Jennifer M. , Flesher Jessica L. , Edwards Robert A. , Waterman Marian L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Here we present a high-resolution sorting protocol for colon crypt stem cells, their daughter cells and mature, differentiated cell types. We used freshly dissected mouse colons and validated intestinal cell surface markers amenable to Flow Activated Cell Sorting (FACS). This 5-7 hour protocol enables isolation of six distinct cryptal cell populations (Stem, AbsPro, SecPDG, Tuft, Ent, and EEC) from any mouse strain/background (Figure 1 and 2) . Downstream analysis of sorted cells (Transcriptomics = bulk RNA-seq and Proteomics = small cell number LC/MS) validated the identity of cell populations. An important strength of this protocol is the independence from any trans-genic labeling of cell types and the flexibility for users to add additional markers for a variety of downstream applications. The absence of proteases during dissociation increases antigen expression resolving the six cell types but also decreases cell yield (Figure 3). The main steps of this protocol include: Tissue Dissection, Tissue Dissociation, Preparation for FACS, and Performing FACS.
Relationship between level of empathy during residency training and perception of professionalism climate
Authors: Aziz Aliya B , Ali Syeda Kauser 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Empathy is one of the vital personality attributes for all physicians. It is essential for establishing general interpersonal relationships among doctors and patients.Unfortunately, there is evidence for the decline of physician’s empathy during the clinical training phase and is a major concern for medical educators worldwide. One of the major factors reported for the decline of this trait is an unprofessional learning environment. Objective This study examines the relationship between empathy level and perception of climate of professionalism among residents. Method The study participants included 70 residents of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics departments of a private sector tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Two self-administered internet based surveys - Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and “Professionalism Climate Instrument”(PCI) - were administered to assess the level of empathy among the participants and their perception of professionalism in the learning environment. The relationship between the level of empathy and professionalism was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. Results The overall response rate was 81.4% with mean empathy level of 103±13. The internal consistency of each scale measured by Cronbach’s coefficient α was 0.76 for JSPE and 0.65 for PCI. No significant difference was observed in the mean empathy scores between senior and junior residents of both specialties. Statistically significant difference in empathy scores existed between female and male residents (p = 0.012; 95% CI, 2.27 to 17.59). The mean PCI score was 106+8.88 with no significant difference among residents of two specialties. Professionalism score was not found to vary with either the year of residency or gender. Empathy score and professionalism climate were not found to be correlated (rs= 0.56, p = 0.64). Conclusion The findings suggested that empathy is a relatively stable trait that remains unchanged during residency training programs. Female residents had higher empathic concern than the male trainees, however, the empathy level of the participants was not found to be influenced by the climate of professionalism.
Calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase, calcineurin inactivation mediated by baicalein attenuates prion protein-mediated neuronal cell damage
Authors: Hong Jeong-Min , Moon Ji-Hong , Park Sang-Youel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuronal cell death. Calcineurin and autophagy mediate prion-induced neurodegeneration, suggesting that inhibition of calcineurin and autophagy could be a target for therapy. Baicalein has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects against calcium-dependent neuronal cell death.

Results: In this study, we investigated the effects of baicalein on the development of prion diseases. We found that baicalein treatment inhibits prion protein-induced apoptosis. Baicalein inhibited calcium up-regulation and protected the cells against prion peptide‑induced neuron cell death by calcineurin inactivation. Furthermore, baicalein increased p62 protein levels and decrease LC3-II protein levels indicating autophagic flux inhibition and baicalein inhibited prion protein-induced neurotoxicity through autophagy flux inhibition.

Conclusions: Taken together, this study demonstrated that baicalein attenuated prion peptide-induced neurotoxicity via calcineurin inactivation and autophagic flux reduction, and also suggest that baicalein may be an effective therapeutic drug against neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases.
Relationship between neuropsychology, clinical traits, psychopathology and attitudes towards change in eating disorders
Authors: Mata-Saenz Beatriz , Rodríguez-Cano Teresa , Muñoz-Martínez Victoria Eugenia , Beato-Fernández Luis 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:The interest of research on the neuropsychological characteristics of eating disorders (EDs) has primarily focused on inhibitory control, set-shifting and central coherence, as well as attention bias and decision making. These neuropsychological aspects may also influence attitudes towards therapeutic change and be related to a more severe clinical status. The objective of this paper was to analyse the relationship of psychopathological and clinical variables with neuropsychological characteristics of patients with EDs and to determine possible influence of these variables on patients’ attitude towards change. Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study was performed. The participants were 74 consecutive outpatients who received treatment at an ED unit during a 6-month period. They were assessed using clinical (Psychiatric Status Rating Scale, modified) and neuropsychological tests (Letter Number Sequencing test; Stroop test; Symbol Digit Modalities Test; Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test). They were asked to complete several self-report psychopathological questionnaires (Body Shape Questionnaire; Eating Disorders Inventory; Beck Depression Inventory; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; Dissociative Experiences Scale; Attitudes Towards Change in Eating Disorders Scale), but 23 participants (31.08%) did not return them. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were performed to study the relationships between clinical and psychopathological neuropsychological variables.Results: Nineteen patients (25.68%) were diagnosed with restricting anorexia nervosa (AN), 19 (25.68%) with purging AN, 14 with bulimia nervosa (18.92%), 9 with binge eating disorder (12.16%) and 13 with ED not otherwise specified (17.57%). There were no significant differences among the groups in the scores on neuropsychological tests. BMI was related to the majority of the neuropsychological scores. “Precontemplation” was related to copy time (B=3.56; 95% CI (0.82-6.29), p<0.01) and memory time (B=-2.31; 95% CI (-4.58-(-0.05)); p<0.05). “Contemplation” was related to copy time (B=1.43; 95% CI (0.42-2.45); p<0.01) and style (B= -14.01; 95% CI (-24.98-(3.04)); p<0.01). “Decision” was related to working memory (SpanLN), the quantitative copy score, order and style.Conclusions: In EDs, neuropsychological dysfunction could be associated with decreased motivation to change. Hence, a comprehensive therapeutic framework should be established with the aim of providing neurocognitive training in addition to conventional therapy. This approach could enhance acknowledgment of the problem and improve the decisional balance.
Parkinson's disease: Current assessment methods and wearable devices for evaluation of movement disorder motor symptoms - A patient and healthcare professional perspective
Authors: AlMahadin Ghayth , Lotfi Ahmad , Zysk Eva , Siena Francesco Luke , Carthy Marie Mc , Breedon Philip 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease is the second most common long-term chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than 10 million people worldwide. There has been a rising interest in wearable devices for evaluation of movement disorder diseases such as Parkinson's disease due to the limitations in current clinic assessment methods such as Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. However, there are only a few commercial wearable devices available, which, in addition, have had very limited adoption and implementation. This inconsistency may be due to a lack of users’ perspectives in terms of device design and implementation.Objectives This study aims to identify the perspectives of healthcare professionals and patients linked to current assessment methods and to identify preferences, needs, and requirements of wearable devices. Methods This was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews followed by focus groups. Transcripts from sessions were analysed using a thematic approach. Results It was noted that the well-known assessment and monitoring process such as Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was not used routinely in clinics since it is time consuming, subjective, inaccurate, infrequent and dependent on patients’ memories. Participants suggested that objective diagnosis and assessment methods are needed to increase the chance of effective treatment. The participants’ perspectives were positive toward using wearable devices, particularly if they were involved in early design stages. Patients emphasized that the devices should be comfortable, but they did not have any concerns regarding device visibility or data privacy transmitted over the internet when it comes to their health. In terms of wearing a monitor, the preferable part of the body for all participants was the wrist. Healthcare professionals stated a need for an economical solution that is easy to interpret. Some design aspects identified by patients included clasps, material choice, and form factor. Conclusion The study concluded that current diagnosis and assessment methods are limited. Patients’ and healthcare professionals’ involvement in wearable devices design process has a pivotal role in terms of ultimate user acceptance. This includes the provision of additional functions to the wearable device, such as fall detection and medication reminders, which could be attractive features for patients.
The influence of comorbidity on the severity of COVID-19 disease: A scoping review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zaki Nazar , Mohamed Elfadil Abdalla , Ibrahim Sahar , Khan Gulfaraz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: A novel form of coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly across the world. What risk factors influence the severity of the disease is of considerable importance.
Objectives: This research offers a systematic review and meta-analysis of the correlation between common clinical conditions and comorbidities and the severity of COVID-19.
Methodology: Two independent researchers searched Europe PMC, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases for articles related to influence comorbidities have on the progress of the disease. A search engine was also created to screen a further 59,000 articles in COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). Random-effects modeling was used to pool 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and odds ratios (ORs). The significance of all comorbidities and clinical conditions to the severity of the disease was evaluated by employing machine-learning techniques. Publication bias was assessed by using funnel-plots and Egger’s-test. Heterogeneity was tested using I2.
Results: The meta-analysis incorporated 12 studies spanning 4,101 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Chinese hospitals. The prevalence of the most commonly associated co-morbidities and their corresponding odds ratio for disease severity were as follows: coronary heart disease (OR 2.97 [CI: 1.99-4.45], p < 0.0001), cancer (OR 2.65 [CI: 1.12-6.29], p < 0.03), cardiovascular disease (OR 2.89 [CI: 1.90-4.40], p < 0.0001), COPD (OR 3.24 [CI: 1.66-6.32], p = 0.0), and kidney disease (OR 2.2.4 [CI: 1.01-4.99], p = 0.05) with low or moderate level of heterogeneity. The most frequently exhibited clinical symptoms recorded during the course of admission were fever (OR 1.37 [CI: 1.01-1.86], p = 0.04), myalgia/fatigue (OR 1.31 [CI: 1.11-1.55], p = 0.0018), and dyspnea (OR 3.61, [CI: 2.57-5.06], p = <0.0001). No significant associations between disease severity and liver disease, smoking habits, and other clinical conditions, such as a cough, respiratory/ARDS, diarrhea or chest tightness/pain were found. The meta-analysis also revealed that the incubation period was positively associated with disease severity.
Conclusion: Existing comorbidities, including COPD, cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease, increase the severity of COVID-19. Some studies found a statistically significant association between comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension and disease severity. However, these studies may be biased due to substantial heterogeneity.
Resveratrol Suppresses Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth and Invasion Through Upregulation of microRNA-34a
Authors: Wei Bing , Yao Shangli , Gao Ming , Wang Zujun , Wang Wenyan , Zhan Lei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Resveratrol (RES), a natural compound found in red wine, has previously reported to suppress ovarian cancer (OC) cell growth in vitro and in vivo; however, its potential molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to investigate the suppressive potential of RES in OC cell growth and invasion and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we found that RES treatment obviously suppressed the proliferative and invasive capacities of OC cells, and elevated cell apoptosis in vitro. Subsequent microarray and qRT-PCR analysis further showed that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) was significantly increased by RES treatment. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of RES on OC cells were enhanced by miR-34a overexpression, whereas weakened by miR-34a inhibition in OC cells. Of note, Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic gene, was identified as a direct target of miR-34a. Then, we revealed that RES decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in OC cells in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effects of RES were abolished by overexpression of Bcl-2 in OC cells. Overall, these results demonstrated that RES exerts the anti-cancer effects on OC cells through the miR-34a/Bcl-2 axis.
Design, implementation, and evaluation of a precede-proceed model-based intervention for oral and dental health among primary school students of Rafsanjan city: a mixed method study
Authors: Ghaffari Mohtasham , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Nasirzadeh Mostafa , Mazar Leili 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Oral and dental health has a significant impact on public health as well as the quality of life among individuals and families. This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate an intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model for oral and dental health among primary school students in Rafsanjan city, Southern Iran.
Methods

In this exploratory sequential study, predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors related to oral and dental health were identified using 39 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders. In the quantitative section, the training program consisted of six sessions for students (250 students) with a brushing session, three sessions for parents, and two sessions for teachers of the target group with lectures, questions and answers, role playing, practical demonstration, and the explaining of related experiences. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18.0 using Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, and chi-squared tests at the significance level of 0.05.
Results

In the qualitative section, seven predisposing factors, five enabling factors, and two reinforcing factors were identified. A training program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model was found to be effective in increasing the mean scores of the above constructs and the students' brushing behavior (P < 0.001).
Conclusion

Based on the results, the use of a PRECEDE-PROCEDE-based planning and participation model is suggested for identifying the factors related to oral and dental health behavior and also for designing, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based interventions.
Facilitating participation in cardiovascular preventive initiatives among people with diabetes: a qualitative study
Authors: Dahl Marie , Soendergaard Susanne Friis , Diederichsen Axel , Pouwer Frans , Pedersen Susanne , Søndergaard Jens , Lindholt Jes 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with a significant increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The DIAabetic CArdioVAscular Screening and intervention trial (DIACAVAS) was designed to clarify whether advanced imaging for subclinical atherosclerosis combined with medical treatment is an effective strategy to develop individualised treatment algorithms for Danish men and women with T2D aged 40–60. But in the DIACAVAS pilot study, the uptake was only 41%. Consequently, we explored how people experienced living with T2D to understand how to improve the uptake in initiatives targeting prevention of CVD.
Methods
We used semi-structured interviews to obtain information on how the respondents experienced having T2D. For supplementary information, we used structured interviews on e.g. socioeconomic factors. From April to October 2019, 17 participants aged 40–60 years were recruited from general practices and diabetes outpatient clinics in Denmark. Several levels of analysis were involved consistent with inductive content analysis.
Results
The participants’ experiences of living with T2D fell along two continuums, from an emotional to a cognitive expression and from proactive to reactive disease management. This led to identification of four archetypal characteristics: (I) powerlessness, (II) empowerment, (III) health literacy, and (IV) self-efficacy. These characteristics indicated the importance of using different approaches to facilitate participation in cardiovascular preventive initiatives. Additionally, findings inspired us to develop a model for facilitating participation in forthcoming preventive initiatives.
Conclusion
Encouraging people with T2D to participate in cardiovascular preventive initiatives might necessitate a tailored invitation strategy. We propose a model for an invitational process that takes into consideration invitees’ characteristics, including powerlessness, empowerment, health literacy and self-efficacy. This model may enhance participation in such initiatives. However, participation is a general concern, not only in relation to cardiovascular disease prevention. Our proposed model may be applicable in preventive services for people with T2D in general.
Scientometrics analysis of recent trends in Global Corona virus Research
Authors: M Krishnamurthy , Deshpande Bhalachandra S , C Sajana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The worldwide pandemic COVID-19 has produced a wealth of research more rapidly after the outbreak. In just a couple of months, there is a rise in several studies on Coronavirus, adding up to the scholarly literature.Method: The current study attempts to Scientometric analyze very recent literature on Coronaviruses just before and after the outbreak. Besides, the objective of this exploration was to assess the global research progress on Coronavirus in recent times. The current research is an analytical descriptive study using Scientometrics. The study sample includes research papers about the Coronavirus indexed in Web of Science (WoS) database from January 1, 2019 to May 14, 2020. The records with topic search (includes Title, Abstract, Keywords and Keywords Plus) “coronavirus” were extracted. These data were analyzed by MS Excel and the visualizations were created using TableauResult: The results showed that 2551 scientific literature about the Coronavirus was indexed in WoS. A considerable number of these articles were published in journals such as the Journal of Medical Virology, Viruses, Nature, and Lancet. Authors from China, USA and Italy were the most prolific authors. About 47.51% articles received total of 11435 citations with an average of 9 citations, which indicates that nearly half articles were cited in another publication. The highest and lowest citations for these articles were 737 and 1, respectively.Conclusion: These results show a high rate of research on Coronavirus.