bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criminal Enforcement of Copyright as an Important Safeguard for Economic and Security Interests
Authors: Vasiu Ioana , Vasiu Lucian 
Published: December 2019

Copyright industries represent an important part of the developed economies. The effective protection of copyright fulfills an important role in the advancement of innovation and economic development. However, in the digital economy, the protection of copyrighted works poses numerous and very difficult challenges. The protected works usually targeted by criminals are computer programs, motion pictures, video games, and musical compositions. The estimated or actual harm to copyright owners can amount to billions of dollars. Moreover, these offenses are sometimes perpetrated in connection with other crimes, such as conspiracy to commit racketeering or money laundering. This paper argues that criminal enforcement of copyright can be an important safeguard of economic and information security interests. The paper discusses essential aspects regarding the criminal protection of copyright in the United States. Based on a theoretically-informed, yet empirically-driven approach, which takes into account a large corpus of data, consisting mostly of cases brought to courts of law, the paper discusses the main aspects of the phenomenon. Finally, the paper proposes a number of measures that would improve the protection copyrighted works. Keywords: Copyright, Economic Development, Cybercrime, Infringement, Security, Loss
Co-operative Investment Policy as a Tool to Accelerate the Entrepreneurship and Improve the Poverty Condition in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamrul Alam Raju Mohammad , Hossain Md. Nazmul , Al Humssi Ahmad 
Published: December 2019

Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries in the world with low GDP/capita and minimum purchasing power. A third of the total population (24.3%) lives below the national poverty line ($2/day) while a half of them do live in extreme poverty level ($1.25). It’s now a national issue as high rate of poverty is the cause of permanent economic downturn and socio-economic depression in Bangladesh. Many policies have been applied by government and NGOs since its independent in 1971 to alleviate the poverty but no policy has brought a remarkable outcome. The main purpose of the study is to examine the causes for high rate of poverty in Bangladesh and insufficiency of the government agencies that are working to alleviate the poverty and propose innovative approaches to growth of entrepreneurship to bring sustainable economic growth and improve the poverty condition. The study is based on structural and semi-structural questionnaires and face to face interview. A total of 60 structural and same numbers of semi-structural questionnaires were given to 100 recipients of various age, sex, education, profession and economic levels regarding the factors to get feedback. In this research, a cooperative investment policy and a government action plan have been drawn up based on coordination between the various agencies, which allow the impoverished section of the population to save and invest collectively in order to involve them in entrepreneurship to lift themselves out of the poverty cycle and bring sustainable development. The aim of the research involving the impoverished population to entrepreneurship through co-operative investment policy and promoted government mechanisms to improve the poverty condition in Bangladesh. Search tasks: *To examine the major reasons for the high rate of poverty in Bangladesh. *To explore the impacts of entrepreneurship to accelerate the economic growth and improve the poverty condition in Bangladesh. *To discover the most effective ways to involve the impoverished population to entrepreneurship. *To develop a co-operative investment policy and an integrated government strategy covering all financial, administrative, supervisory and regulatory aspects that will regulate the state's action to accelerate the entrepreneurship and achieve economic growth. Subject of the research cooperative investment policy and improved government mechanism for poverty reduction in Bangladesh through entrepreneurship growth. Object of the research the rate of poverty, entrepreneurship. Keywords: Impoverished Population, Co-operative Investment Policy, Entrepreneurship, Government Performance, Sustainable Development.
Welfare Policy of Professors and Academic Excellence for National Development in Nigerian Universities: Cost Implication Analysis
Authors: Azende Terungwa , Iorpev Luper , Ayoor Ivungu John 
Published: December 2019

This paper is to explore the relationship between welfare of professors and academic excellence in Nigerian universities for national development with emphasis on cost implications. A survey design was adopted for this study. Pearson Correlation was used in analyzing the collected data to test whether or not there is any relationship between one set of variable and another. Findings reveal that lack of welfare for professors have a significant and negative influence on academic excellence and cost management in Nigerian universities. This paper recommends that universities should have a clear and standing policy on welfare of professors and other academic staff so as to enhance academic excellence and also save cost in running the university. Keywords: Welfare Policy, Nigerian Universities, Professors, Cost Implication
The Impact of Microfinance Banks on the Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos Metropolis
Authors: Aladejebi Olufemi 
Published: December 2019

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in the Nigerian economy, especially in terms of Employment, growth, productivity, and poverty alleviation. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Microfinance Banks (MFB) on the growth of SMEs in Lagos metropolis The data for this study was collected via questionnaires given to the owners of SMEs that had accounts with microfinance banks in Lagos metropolis. Out of 209 questionnaires distributed, 205 were viable and analyzed using the SPSS package. The questionnaire contained 2 sections. Section 1 for general information while section 2 contains questions on effects of micro-savings on financial performance, effects of microcredit on the financial performance of the SMEs, effects of training on the financial performance of the SMEs and financial performance. The outcome revealed that the savings among SMEs are encouraging because of higher interest rates compared to deposit banks, faster loan disbursement, failure of MFBs to conduct training for SMEs, while the majority of SMEs experienced financial growth using MFB products. Keywords: Small business, Microfinance banks, SME growth, Lagos metropolis
Stakeholder Engagement and Responsible Research & Innovation in promoting Sustainable Development and Empowerment through ICT
Authors: Wakunuma Kutoma , Jiya Tilimbe 
Published: December 2019

ICT plays a significant role in both developed and developing countries across the globe. ICTs are also seen as playing an important role in achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In particular, their importance is seen in terms of achieving sustainable development in the areas of health, education, social inclusion, global partnership and empowerment, among others. However, much ground cannot be made without creating and involving communities and networks that will support the sustainable use and development of ICT in emerging and developing countries. One concept that advocates for the inclusion of communities and establishment of networks around the use and development of ICT is Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). At the core of RRI is the engagement of different stakeholders within communities and networks that are involved with ICT development in emerging and developing countries to ensure sustainable development. Using stakeholder theory, we introduce the work being conducted in the Responsible Research and Innovation Networked Globally (RRING) project to highlight the important role of stakeholders as part of RRI in the use and development of ICTs in emerging and developing countries. In particular, we will discuss how stakeholder engagement as part of RRI can be understood in an emerging country like India, specifically through our discussion of a women’s artisan handicraft centre known as Gramshree in the heart of Ahmedabad, India. We aim to highlight aspects of stakeholder engagement, the role of stakeholders in implementing ICTs in women’s sustainable development and empowerment. The aim is to showcase how sustainable development and empowerment could be achieved through the formation of a community network around ICT use and development. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Responsible Research and Innovation, ICT, Women Empowerment, Stakeholder Engagement
The Implementation of Buen Vivir in Ecuador: An Analysis of the Stakeholders’ Discourses
Authors: Marchand Lucile , Hérault Mathilde 
Published: December 2019

Buen vivir is a central notion in Ecuador and was introduced in its Constitution in 2008. On the individual level, this notion describes a multidimensional form of well-being, integrating strong cultural and ecological aspects based on indigenous communities’ knowledge. On the national scale, buen vivir is the key notion of public policies and justifies an intervention of the state in all dimensions of sustainable development. The implementation of buen vivir in a developing country as Ecuador raises questions about multiple social and economic aspects. The aim of this paper is to identify all of these challenges that such a transition implies. To do so, this paper uses a qualitative and multidimensional approach based on 40 semi-directive interviews with stakeholders of the policy implementation of buen vivir. The interview grid was divided into four parts: (i) individual characteristics, (ii) definition and implementation of buen vivir, (iii) the extractivism in Ecuador and (iv) the challenges of the transition between two models of development. The preliminary results identify two major challenges. Firstly, the main challenge is the governance of this major transition and the issue of corruption in Ecuador. Secondly, these interviews show that education is the most central dimension to implement buen vivir correctly. Keywords: Buen vivir, discourse’s analysis, extractivism
Is Listed Corporates Financial Performance Vulnerable? ROE Factors measurement Using DuPont Formula
Authors: Ricordel Pascal , Majlath Melinda 
Published: December 2019

It’s been 10 years since the last financial crisis, and the rising in stock market price along with record dividends raises deep concerns about the sustainability of listed corporate financial performance. Has the narrow logic of shareholder value been compromising long term financial performance leading to a financial crisis? We question here the DuPont equation to track financial performance drivers over time for discussing about its vulnerability. A disaggregated five-steps DuPont equation is used to set up following drivers: operational profitability, asset turnover, leverage multiplier, interest and fiscal burden. We draw a statistical analysis of those drivers with a panel data of 43 international non-financial corporates from France, Germany, Hungary and Italy between 2012 and 2017. The results stress the role of fiscal burden, interest burden and operational profit as the main ROE driver. Leverage multiplier driver, consensually considered as more financially vulnerable, has played an astonishing negative role. The drop in asset turnover is however the more worried signal as this factor is the most sustainable. Keywords: ROE components, DuPont equation, Financial sustainability, Listed corporate performance, Financial reporting
Higher Education Institutions as a Transformation Platform under the Sustainable Development Goals Framework
Authors: López López Inés , Bote Marcos , Rives Longinos Marín , Bañón Alicia Rubio 
Published: December 2019

Previous research has highlighted the critical role of Higher Education Institutions (HEI) in promoting sustainability. In this vein, HEI, as a driving force of change, should actively participate in the diffusion and dissemination of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations. Thus, HEI must boost SDGs attainment both internally, through research, teaching, arts, and curricular programs, and externally, by providing a platform where different stakeholders such as firms, NGOs, public administrations, professional associations, trade unions… meet and create strategic alliances. A Spanish university has implemented a two-year project where different actors (faculties, students, NGO’s, private companies, public administration, professional associations, trade unions,…) are already working jointly in the pursuit of the SDGs. The aim of this project is two-fold. First, we intend to increase awareness of the SDGs among members of the university and, second, we want to exert an effective social impact by promoting intervention activities proposed by NGO’s and schools. Lectures, art exhibitions, workshops, volunteering programs,… enable tackling the SDGs in focus from different perspectives and contribute to their achievement. As a result, we expect more favorable attitudes towards the SDGs and a behavioral change among university members and citizens in general. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals, Higher Education Institutions, multi-stakeholders partnership, transformation platform
The Influence of Governance and Ownership on CSR Practices in Romania
Authors: Lelia Voinea Cosmina , Fratostiteanu Cosmin , Romein Bas 
Published: December 2019

Ownership structure represents the distribution of equity with regard to votes and capital but also by the identity of the equity owners. These structures are of major importance in corporate governance because they determine the incentives of managers and thereby the economic efficiency of the corporations they manage. This papers analyzes the relationship between governance, ownership structure and CSR practices among companies in Romania. The results of this study allows corporates and the public to formulate a well substantiated opinion on the way particular organizations carry out their businesses in Romania regarding CSR where CSR practices reflect culture and are partially county and ownership specific. The CSR practices implemented in Romania may not always reflect the societal views but rather the public ownership / government views, on what is thought to be important. Keywords: governance, ownership, emerging economies, Romania, corporate social responsibility, CSR practices
CSR Communication in Problematic Sectors: The Example of Hungarian Brewers
Authors: Majláth Melinda , Ricordel Pascal 
Published: December 2019

Thesis statement: CSR reputation indices (like MSC KLD400, Dow Jones Sustainability Index) exist in such form which exclude companies operating in ethically questionable industries like tobacco, gambling, nuclear power, adult entertainment or alcoholic drinks. However, drinking alcohol is a very important part of the culture and is a tradition in many European countries (for socializing and as a gift) even if in some cases it has very ambivalent judgment. Alcohol addiction, domestic violence, traffic accidents, serious health problems mean a real burden on the society. So the main question is how these companies try to legitimize their behaviour through their CSR actions? Methodology: Structured, qualitative comparison of the CSR communication of the four biggest Hungarian brewers has been made. Information provided on the homepage is tested as the main and most easily available source for concerned customers. Results: Significant difference can be seen among the examined brewers in their CSR activities and its communication. Some breweries which are subsidiaries of big international companies have CSR policy at corporate level but they are not actually translated it into local initiatives. The increased amount of alcohol-free beer offered and sold is a positive trend. Conclusions and Implications: Proving legitimacy of their activity is the central element of CSR communication, but responsibility-taking is mainly perceived as a role of the consumer or the employees but not for the company itself. Keywords: Beer manufacturer, CSR, qualitative research, ethical responsibility
The Stage of Corporate Social Responsibility in EU-CEE Countries
Authors: Arraiano Irene Guia , Hategan Camelia Daniela 
Published: December 2019

In the European Union, the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility reporting is increasing, because 2017 is the year in which the CSR reporting of large companies passes from the voluntary to the mandatory stage according to the requirements of the European Directive 2014/95/EU. In this context, this paper aims to examine the stage of Corporate Social Responsibility in Central and Eastern European Countries members of European Union, in accordance with Global Reporting Initiative which is consistent with globally recognised criteria worldwide, in the period 2002-2018. A critical analysis of the quality of the reporting was performed, looking at whether it has improved over the previous year and whether it respects legal requirements, and whether the communicated information is useful to the stakeholders. Base on literature review it was found that there is a gap of Corporate Social Responsibility’s reporting research to Western European countries. The results show that the evolution of reporting practices has improved over the years for the all countries and the most reports are prepared by multinationals companies. Thus, we can see how companies react to regulatory requirements and other government demands. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, reporting, Global Reporting Initiative, Central and Eastern European Countries, quality
Groundwater Protection as an Essential Component of Water Management in the European Union in the Light of Modern Integration Processes: Legal Aspects of the Problem
Authors: Iefremova Iryna , Lomakina Iryna , Obiiukh Nataliia 
Published: December 2019

In the context of exacerbation of environmental problems that are global in nature, it is necessary to assess the opportunities and development prospects of environmental policy not only at the international level, but also at the regional European level. In this regard, the focus of our article is to consider the problem of protecting groundwater as a strategic natural resource and to analyze the practice of applying European directives on water quality and protection of groundwater in EU countries. In the EU, the basic legal framework for water protection is defined in the Water Framework Directive that determines the need to develop monitoring programs and basin water management plans to improve the quality of water in the EU by the member states. However, taking into account the fact that groundwater, especially drinking artesian water, is vulnerable to pollution, improvement of the legal groundwater protection system and the search for rational groundwater protection practices implemented in the EU countries are vitally necessary. Therefore, the paper aims to explore the ways of EU legislation development in the field of water resources protection, identifying the main areas of groundwater protection and analyzing the legal means used in certain EU countries, in particular, Austria, Germany, as well as identifying priorities and objectives for Ukraine on the way to integration into the system of European water legislation. Keywords: EU legislation, groundwater, groundwater pollution, groundwater use, water management, water protection.
Implementation of International Legal Principles for Judicial Remedy Of Participants in Economical Relations as a Warranty for Sustainable Development of Ukraine
Authors: Koverznev Vadym 
Published: December 2019

The article systemizes the Fundamental principles for activity of judicial authorities, which are formulated in different leading international acts and discovers their legal essence. It is proved that the implementation of the international legal principles of the judicial remedy in the national legislation of Ukraine is a warranty not only to ensure the proper protection of the rights for participants in economic relations but also the sustainable development of the entire state.The author of the article analyzes the progress in implementation of the international legal principles of judicial remedy in the national legislation of Ukraine within the framework of judicial and legal reform, which was conducted in 2016, and sets out the proposals, aimed at improving the situation in the field of extrajudicial dispute settlement (mediation). Keywords: principles of judicial remedy, sustainable development, participant in economical relations, access to court, independent court, fair trial, effectiveness of judicial protection, mediation.
Formation of the Economic and Legal Basis for the Development of Organic Farming in Ukraine Through the Prism of European Experience and Attracting Foreign Investment
Authors: Piddubna Daria , Shekhovtsova Viktoriia , Melnychuk Olha , Pypiak Mykola 
Published: December 2019

The natural resources as the constituent of the natural environment and their condition are determined, which requires immediate action. The interaction of a person, his activity with the natural environment is characterized. Economic indicators, including price policy, social guarantees, protection and protection of economic activity in comparison with the international and European status are determined. The analysis of components of the environment in Ukraine is given and the legal bases for the settlement and protection of human rights and freedoms are defined. Potentially possible activities for Ukraine are outlined. The vectors of development and support from the state of Ukraine are analyzed. The direction of development of farming, which today is defined as the creation of a legal entity, with the statute, mandatory state registration, with the opening of an account in a financial institution, is determined in the framework of the current regulatory framework. Attention is drawn to the support of family forms of economic activity at the European level. In order to protect natural resources as constituents of the natural environment and components of human life, it is proposed to take measures to support and develop small and medium business entities, as well as directly owners of land plots, including land plots (shares). The prospects for the introduction of organic farming in Ukraine as an element of the state of the environment change are determined. The necessity of taking a number of economic and legal actions that will be directed not only to protect and protect the rights of citizens of Ukraine but also to meet the commitments that Ukraine has assumed through European integration will meet the generally accepted international and European requirements in the field of conducting international relations for different vectors, and also create conditions for attracting foreign investments into Ukraine. Keywords: economic and legal basis, organic farming, European experience, foreign investment, natural resources, environment, landowners, farming, agro-chemicals and pesticides, price policy.