bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applied Aspects of Optimization of Orbital Structures of Satellite Systems by Specifying Parameters of Orbital Motion
Authors: Volkov Valery , Kulvits Kulvits , Kovalenko Aleksey , Salukhov Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

The paper deals with issues related to optimizing the ballistic structure of a satellite system for remote sensing of the Earth. Approaches to the ballistic design of the satellite system, previously developed by specialists from various scientific schools, were focused on maintaining the structural stability of the system by deploying groupings with the same geometry and with the same inclinations, which ensured the same age-old departures of elements from all the orbits. At the same time, there is a whole range of tasks that require the formation of a satellite system in different orbits. To achieve the required level of stability of a new cluster of orbital structures we provide an approach, including: heuristic formation of many target different height orbits; identifying some basic near-circular orbit; selection of possible variants of iterative quasi-synchronous orbits; coordination of the composition of the vector of characteristics of traffic conditions and final calculation of an acceptable option that provides the specified accuracy of the route closure cycle.
Testing of the proposed approach is carried out on the example of determining the parameters of orbits that ensures equality of effective days in a given range of heights. The method of selecting the degree of consideration of various physical factors of the space environment, which ensures the achievement of identical deviations of the forecast trajectory from the reference one, is presented. The characteristics of the mathematical model of quasi-synchronous orbit motion used in forecasting are calculated from the condition of stability at a given time interval. To get the appropriate estimates, we use corrections to the orbit parameters given from the Greenwich coordinate system.
A detailed algorithm is described that provides the possibility of unambiguously determining the characteristics of a stable structure, in the implementation of which the transition from the solution of a normal system of equations to the solution of two triangular systems is performed.
The analysis of the subject area has shown that the proposed approach is new, and the solved scientific problem belongs to the class of inverse problems of space cybernetics.
Wittgenstein on the Constitutive Uncertainty of the Mental
Authors: Sorgiovanni Ben 
Published: September 2020

The idea that our recognition of others’ mental states is beset, not only by contingent but constitutional uncertainty is one to which Wittgenstein returns throughout his later work. And yet it remains an underexplored component of that work. The primary aim of this paper is to better understand what Wittgenstein means when he describes the mental as constitutively uncertain, and his conception of the kind of knowledge of others' mental lives consistent with it. The secondary aim is to connect Wittgenstein’s discussion of the constitutive uncertainty of the mental with two further components of his later thought—specifically, his remarks on aspect perception and on the pattern-like nature of the emotions.
Optimizing Treatment De-Escalation in Head and Neck Cancer: Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Rosenberg Ari J. , Vokes Everett E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Treatment of locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma involves a multidisciplinary approach that combines surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy. These curative strategies are associated with significant acute and long-term toxicities. With the emergence of human papillomavirus (HPV) as an etiologic factor associated primarily with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, higher cure rates juxtaposed with substantial treatment-related morbidity and mortality has led to interest in de-escalated therapeutic strategies, with the goal of optimizing oncologic outcomes while reducing treatment-related toxicity. Currently explored strategies include replacing, reducing, or omitting cytotoxic chemotherapy; reducing dose or volume of radiotherapy; and incorporation of less-invasive surgical approaches. Potential biomarkers to select patients for treatment de-escalation include clinical risk stratification, adjuvant de-escalation based on pathologic features, response to induction therapy, and molecular markers. The optimal patient selection and de-escalation strategy is critically important in the evolving treatment of locoregional head and neck cancer. Recently, two large phase III trials, RTOG 1016 and De-ESCALaTE, failed to de-escalate treatment in HPV-associated head and neck cancer by demonstrating inferior outcomes by replacing cisplatin with cetuximab in combination with radiation. This serves as a cautionary tale in the future design of de-escalation trials in this patient population, which will need to leverage toxicity and efficacy endpoints. Our review summarizes completed and ongoing de-escalation trials in head and neck cancer, with particular emphasis on biomarkers for patient selection and clinical trial design.

Implications for Practice
The toxicity associated with standard multimodality treatment for head and neck cancer underscores the need to seek less-intensive therapies with a reduced long-term symptom burden through de-escalated treatment paradigms that minimize toxicity while maintaining oncologic control in appropriately selected patients. Controversy regarding the optimal de-escalation strategy and criteria for patient selection for de-escalated therapy has led to multiple parallel strategies undergoing clinical investigation. Well-designed trials that optimize multimodal strategies are needed. Given the absence of positive randomized trials testing de-escalated therapy to date, practicing oncologists should exercise caution and administer established standard-of-care therapy outside the context of a clinical trial.
Therapeutic Potential of Afatinib inNRG1Fusion-Driven Solid Tumors: A Case Series
Authors: Cadranel Jacques , Liu Stephen V. , Duruisseaux Michaël , Branden Eva , Goto Yasushi , Weinberg Benjamin A. , Heining Christoph , Schlenk Richard F. , Cheema Parneet , Jones Martin R. , Drilon Alexander , Trombetta Domenico , Muscarella Lucia Anna , Tolba Khaled , Gounant Valerie , Cseh Agnieszka , Solca Flavio , Laskin Janessa J. , Renouf Daniel J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeuregulin 1 (NRG1) fusions, which activate ErbB signaling, are rare oncogenic drivers in multiple tumor types. Afatinib is a pan-ErbB family inhibitor that may be an effective treatment for NRG1 fusion-driven tumors.Patients and MethodsThis report summarizes pertinent details, including best tumor response to treatment, for six patients with metastatic NRG1 fusion-positive tumors treated with afatinib.ResultsThe six cases include four female and two male patients who ranged in age from 34 to 69 years. Five of the cases are patients with lung cancer, including two patients with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma and three patients with nonmucinous adenocarcinoma. The sixth case is a patient with colorectal cancer. NRG1 fusion partners for the patients with lung cancer were either CD74 or SDC4. The patient with colorectal cancer harbored a novel POMK-NRG1 fusion and a KRAS mutation. Two patients received afatinib as first- or second-line therapy, three patients received the drug as third- to fifth-line therapy, and one patient received afatinib as fifteenth-line therapy. Best response with afatinib was stable disease in two patients (duration up to 16 months when combined with local therapies) and partial response (PR) of &gt;18 months in three patients, including one with ongoing PR after 27 months. The remaining patient had a PR of 5 months with afatinib 40 mg/day, then another 6 months after an increase to 50 mg/day.ConclusionThis report reviews previously published metastatic NRG1 fusion-positive tumors treated with afatinib and summarizes six previously unpublished cases. The latter include several with a prolonged response to treatment (&gt;18 months), as well as the first report of efficacy in NRG1 fusion-positive colorectal cancer. This adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that afatinib can be effective in patients with NRG1 fusion-positive tumors.Key PointsNRG1 fusions activate ErbB signaling and have been identified as oncogenic drivers in multiple solid tumor types. Afatinib is a pan-ErbB family inhibitor authorized for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer that may be effective in NRG1 fusion-driven tumors. This report summarizes six previously unpublished cases of NRG1 fusion-driven cancers treated with afatinib, including five with metastatic lung cancer and one with metastatic colorectal cancer. Several patients showed a prolonged response of &gt;18 months with afatinib treatment. This case series adds to the evidence suggesting a potential role for afatinib in this area of unmet medical need.
Identification of a Novel EHBP1-MET Fusion in an Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Responding to Crizotinib
Authors: Yu Yiyi , Liu Qing , Li Wei , Qu Yueting , Zhang Yihong , Liu Tianshu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

As an aggressive tumor, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) originates in the epithelium of the bile duct and has a poor prognosis. The therapeutic options for ICC are challenging and limited because of poor response to chemotherapy and the lack of targeted therapy. Here we report on a 41-year-old female patient with ICC with EHBP1-MET fusion and multiple intrahepatic metastases responding to crizotinib. Next-generation sequencing–based tumor mutation profiling was performed on the tumor biopsy and circulating tumor DNA from plasma. A novel EHBP1-MET fusion was identified and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Immunohistochemistry of biopsy sample also revealed c-MET positivity. Subsequently, the patient started treatment with MET inhibitor crizotinib. Magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a partial response for 8 months. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical case report of a patient with MET-rearranged ICC successfully treated with crizotinib. This case suggests that crizotinib may be a promising treatment option for patients with ICC with MET fusion, warranting further clinical investigation.

Key Points
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of EHBP1-MET fusion. This is also the first clinical case report of clinical benefit from crizotinib treatment in an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with MET fusion. MET fusion is rare in ICC, and inhibition of MET could be a viable option for ICC that warrants further clinical investigation.
FTIR UNTUK CONTROL REAKSI STOIKIOMETRI PELEBURAN ZIRKON DENGAN NaOH
Authors: Akhmad Muzakky , Sudaryadi Sudaryadi 
Published: September 2020

Zirkon merupakan sumber utama logam zirkonium berderajat industri yang banyak ditemukan di Provinsi Bangka Belitung atau Provinsi Kalimantan barat. Peleburan zirkon dengan NaOH merupakan proses paling efektif dan murah untuk mengekstraksi zirkonium dari bijih silikat. Untuk memperoleh pemulihan zirkonium yang tinggi dan ramah lingkungan, maka dibutuhkan kontrol reaksi stokiometri dengan rasio mole (ZrSiO4/NaOH) yang tepat. Maka tujuan dari penelitian ini melakukan kontrol reaksi stokiometri peleburan zirkon dengan NaOH menggunakan alat Spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infra Red ( FTIR). FTIR dipilih karena citranya dapat mengidentifikasi beberapa ikatan silanol (≡Si-OH), siloksan (≡Si-O-Si≡) serta grup air (OH) yang kemungkinan dapat mengikat zirkonium. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan citra FTIR terhadap reaksi stokiomeri peleburan zirkon dengan NaOH pada beberapa rasio mole (ZrSiO4/NaOH) sebagai fungsi temperatur. Hasil percobaan penunjukan bahwa, pada reaksi stoikiometri dengan mole ZrSiO4(1)/NaOH(2) dicirikan di puncak 601,79 1/cm merupakan milik senyawaan Na2ZrSiO5 yang muncul di temperature 600 ˚C dan 700 ˚C. Dengan kenaikan temperatur pada 800 ˚C dan 900 ˚C senyawaan Na2ZrSiO5 akan berubah menjadi Na2ZrO3, tetapi phenomena ini tidak terjadi di reaksi stoikiometri mole ZrSiO4(1)/NaOH(4). Walaupun keberadaan Na2ZrSiO5 dalam jumlah kelumit, ternyata masih terdeteksi di puncak 1195 1/cm, pada pelindian dengan reaksi stoikiometri mole ZrSiO4(1)/NaOH(6) dan ZrSiO4(1)/NaOH(8) dengan temperature 600 ˚C dan 700 ˚C
Amyloid Myopathy as an Inclusion Body Myositis Mimic
Authors: Heim Andrew , Hamasaki Anai , Dimachkie Mazen , Pasnoor Mamatha , Jawdat Omar , Statland Jeffrey , Jacobson Ryan , Distad Barbara , Weiss Michael , Glenn Melanie , Gallagher Gary , Camelo-Piragua Sandra , Herbelin Laura 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Amyloid myopathy is a rare presentation of systemic amyloidosis. Amyloid myopathy can be initially misdiagnosed as sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM).
Methods: We report 4 cases of amyloid myopathy clinically mimicking inclusion body myositis and initially thought to be phenotypically IBM by neuromuscular experts.
Results: Case 1 is an 81-year-old woman who presented with distal arm and proximal leg asymmetric weakness (myopathy pattern 4). Case 2 is a 76-year-old man with primary systemic amyloidosis who presented with myopathy pattern 4 and progressive dysphagia for four years. Case 3 is an 82-year-old man with progressive myopathy pattern 4 weakness and swallowing difficulty. Case 4 is a 62-year-old man with progressive bilateral finger flexor weakness. Muscle biopsies in all 4 cases showed perivascular amyloid deposits
Discussion: Amyloid myopathy may be clinically indistinguishable from IBM. Muscle biopsy is of critical importance in the evaluation of patients suspected to have IBM.
Reflections on the Essence of Proof in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Rossinskiy S. B. 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the author continues the cycle of his scientific publications devoted to the problems of theory, legislative regulation and practice of cognition and proving of circumstances that are relevant to a criminal case.The paper investigates and analyzes two of the most common scientific approaches to the essence of criminal procedural evidence: a) a narrow approch, i.e. identifying proving with a specific type of cognitive activity of a person; b) a broad approach, i.e. involving inclusion in the content of proving cognitive (cognitive-verifying) techniques and various argumentative and logical operations carried out by the interrogator, investigator, as well as the accused, the defence counsel, the victim and other participants in criminal proceedings.Methodologically relying on the results of many years of research conducted at the intersection of philosophy and psychology, psychophysiology and neuropsychology, the author comes to a conclusion about the feasibility of using a broad approach to the essence of criminal procedural evidence that reflect the continuity of this enforcement activity in relation to the general laws of gnoseology and formal logic. According to the author, the use of this approach allows to maximize harmonization of criminal procedural theory with the real life needs of investigative and judicial practices.At the same time, the paper concludes that many scientific disputes and disagreements about the essence and content of criminal procedural evidence are to some extent factitious and derived from a lack of uniformity in the terminology used. However, the author believes that in modern conditions it is almost impossible to reach any consensus in this part of the development of criminal procedural science. Thus, this circumstance should be perceived as an objectively existing theoretical reality.
Otto von Bismarck and Germany Militarization (Legislative Formalization of the Military Reform in Germany in the 80s of the 19th century)
Authors: Baev V. G. 
Published: September 2020

The history of Germany of the second half of the 19th century and the activities of Otto von Bismarck form an integral unit, provided we bear in mind the process of Germany becoming a centralized state. The author argues that the attainment of German unity could only be achieved on the paths of war with Austria and France. This implies why military reform in Germany has been given so much attention.This study is focused on the second stage of military reform — the strengthening of the German army after the establishment of a centralized state. The author poses the question: if the “German issue” was resolved, what was the need for further armament? The Bismarck Government in 1874 and 1881 successfully sought from Parliament the adoption of septennat laws (seven years of funding for the army). But in 1887 the Parliament refused to extend the septennat. The author uses Bismarck’s collection of political speeches in the Reichstag as the main source of research. It is an important source of official origin, reflecting the approaches of not only of the subject of Bismarck’s legislative initiative, but also of Germany’s ruling elite.A point of view about Bismarck as vehicle of Germanic militarism prevails in historical literature. As a result of the analysis of the debate on the draft law, the author concludes that Bismarck’s military policy was dictated not so much by the militaristic nature of his personality, but by the necessity of strengthening the military potential of Germany, surrounded by strong adversaries, to defend its sovereignty. For the further development of events, the Chancellor who had been removed from his office, cannot be held responsible. The tragedy of Bismarck-era Germany is expressed in the fact that he failed to prepare a successor capable of leading the country during a period of crisis.
OS EXTRATIVISTAS DE ANDIROBA EM PROJETOS DE ASSENTAMENTOS AGROEXTRATIVISTAS (PAEX) DA VÁRZEA DE IGARAPÉ-MIRI, PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Brito Aline Dias , Coelho Roberta de Fátima Rodrigues , Rosal Louise Ferreira 
Published: September 2020

A Carapa guianensis Aubl. (andiroba) possui grande potencial de exploração extrativista nas várzeas do município de Igarapé-Miri. Apesar da riqueza florística nesse ecossistema, poucas são as informações sobre as características da espécie e o que ela representa aos extrativistas. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo traçar o perfil dos extrativistas que desenvolvem atividade com andiroba em Projetos de Assentamentos Agroextrativistas (PAEXX) das várzeas do Município de Igarapé-Miri, PA. Como ferramenta metodológica foram aplicados questionários com 14 extrativistas que trabalham com andiroba em quatro PAEX nas ilhas Mamangal, Mutirão, Jarembú e Buçu. Utilizou-se também a metodologia snowball ou “Bola de Neve”. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos extrativistas é de mulheres. Sobre o trabalho com a espécie, quatro são coletores, quatro são coletores e extratores e seis são extratores. A coleta de sementes é feita manualmente e acontece principalmente nos Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs) no o período que a Euterpe oleracea Mart (açaí) está na entre safra. A andiroba possui grande importância no contexto social, econômico e cultural dos extrativistas do PAEX de Igarapé-Miri além de renda, esta atividade tem proporcionado a conservação das andirobeiras. No entanto, é necessário sejam realizados estudos sobre a gestão dos recursos naturais na região, resguardando valores e saberes tradicionais na forma de propagação, manejo, coleta e conservação da andiroba. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amazônia, Extrativismo, Produtos florestais não madeireiros.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO ENERGÉTICA DO CARVÃO VEGETAL DE Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis PLANTADOS NO OESTE DO PARÁ
Authors: Carmona Iara Nobre , Sampaio Juliane Da Silva , Coelho Saulo Ranon De Souza , Moutinho Victor Hugo Pereira , Andrade Fernando Wallase Carvalho 
Published: September 2020

Há ausência de informações sobre as características energéticas do carvão de eucaliptos plantados na região Amazônica. Não há pesquisas que definam parâmetros adequados para estes novos materiais visando os principais indicadores de qualidade energética. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a caracterização energética do carvão de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis proveniente de plantio na região de Monte Alegre, no oeste do estado do Pará. Foram utilizadas amostras de madeira de árvores de Eucalyptus urograndis com nove anos, carbonizadas a 500ºC e a 1,7ºC.min-1. Avaliou-se o rendimento gravimétrico em carvão, densidade aparente, poder calorífico superior e teores de carbono fixo, materiais voláteis e cinzas. Verificou-se a existência de potencial da espécie baseando-se nas características avaliadas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Eucalyptus urograndis, Plantios, Parâmetros de qualidade.
ABANDONED PLANTATIONS OF Hevea guianensis Aubl. IN NATURAL FOREST IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: METHODS FOR REVITALIZATION
Authors: Gomes Karla Mayara Almada , Gama João Ricardo Vasconcellos , Andrade Dárlison Fernandes Carvalho de , Soares Álvaro Augusto Vieira , Protásio Thiago De Paula 
Published: September 2020

Na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós é comum a prática da extração de látex de seringueira e existem dois grandes plantios abandonados, denominados Terra Rica e Seringal do Ponte,localizados nessa unidade de conservação. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as características dendrométricas e silviculturais das seringueiras como forma de fornecer subsídios para sua reativação. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos em dois inventários florestais 100%, realizados em 2013 e 2018, e em uma amostragem para investigar a relação dos índices dendrométricos, morfométricos e de competição para diâmetros de árvores a 1,30 m acima do solo, utilizando o índice de correlação de Pearson. Foram inventariadas 2.965 seringueiras em 2013 e 2.927 em 2018, apresentando uma densidade de 97,9 árvores.ha-1 e 96,6 árvores.ha-1, respectivamente. Houve diferença entre a altura total e a altura do fuste das seringueiras entre os inventários; em diâmetro, os seringais permanecem iguais e, em geral, não houve problemas de fitossanidade nos plantios. Para manter a produtividade nas atuais condições do povoamento, é necessário não ultrapassar uma quantidade máxima de 130 árvores.ha-1. O grau de insolação é um dos fatores que afeta a produção de látex e as seringueiras em plantios abandonados são predominantemente sombreadas, sofrem perdas na qualidade do painel e mostram alta variabilidade dos diâmetros e alturas das árvores. Isso sugere a necessidade de desbaste nas plantações, a fim de eliminar tanto as árvores mais finas quanto as que crescem menos, favorecendo o crescimento das seringueiras restantes e elevando a produção. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amazônia, Unidade de conservação, Manejo florestal.
La psicología es social: explorando universales en la capacidad y el estilo del desempeño
Authors: Moghaddam Fathali M. , Lee Naomi , Harré Rom 
Published: September 2020

La psicología es social: explorando universales en la capacidad y el estilo del desempeño Nuestro objetivo es proponer un camino científicamente legítimo y práctico hacia la internacionalización del currículo de la psicología social. Al desarrollar una estructura conceptual apropiada, distinguimos entre el estudio de dos tipos de desempeño: la capacidad de desempeño, es decir, cuán bien los individuos aislados pueden llevar a cabo tareas determinadas por sus características físicas, y el estilo de desempeño, es decir, el modo en que las cosas se realizan a partir de tener un significado colaborativo. Mientras que la capacidad de desempeño puede ser explicada causalmente, el estilo de desempeño es mejor explicado a través de justificaciones narrativas. La psicología social se ha aproximado principalmente a las cuestiones del estilo de desempeño aplicando una estructura reduccionista y causal. Destacamos el enfoque alternativo reflejado en el turno cultural-narrativo e identificamos subáreas de investigación que necesitan ser reforzadas para internacionalizar la psicología.