bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoid excess and COVID-19 disease
Authors: Guarnotta Valentina , Ferrigno Rosario , Martino Marianna , Barbot Mattia , Isidori Andrea M. , Scaroni Carla , Ferrante Angelo , Arnaldi Giorgio , Pivonello Rosario , Giordano Carla 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is causing high and rapid morbidity and mortality. Immune system response plays a crucial role in controlling and resolving the viral infection. Exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoid excess is characterized by increased susceptibility to infections, due to impairment of the innate and adaptive immune system. In addition, diabetes, hypertension, obesity and thromboembolism are conditions overrepresented in patients with hypercortisolism. Thus patients with chronic glucocorticoid (GC) excess may be at high risk of developing COVID-19 infection with a severe clinical course. Care and control of all comorbidities should be one of the primary goals in patients with hypercortisolism requiring immediate and aggressive treatment. The European Society of Endocrinology (ESE), has recently commissioned an urgent clinical guidance document on management of Cushing’s syndrome in a COVID-19 period. In this review, we aim to discuss and expand some clinical points related to GC excess that may have an impact on COVID-19 infection, in terms of both contagion risk and clinical outcome. This document is addressed to all specialists who approach patients with endogenous or exogenous GC excess and COVID-19 infection.
Is the All-Subjected Principle Extensionally Adequate?
Authors: Andrić Vuko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper critiques the All-Subjected Principle. The All-Subjected Principle is one of the most prominent answers to the Boundary Problem, which consists in determining who should be entitled to participate in which democratic decision. The All-Subjected Principle comes in many versions, but the general idea is that all people who are subjected in a relevant sense with regard to a democratic decision should be entitled to participate in that decision. One respect in which versions of the All-Subjected Principle differ concerns how to best understand ‘subjectedness’. One view spells out ‘subjectedness’ in terms of legal bindingness. Another view understands ‘subjectedness’ in terms of coercion. I argue that the All-Subjected Principle is extensionally inadequate on both views in that it yields verdicts that are at odds with our considered judgements about certain cases. These cases involve legal norms of referral or international administrative assistance.
The experience of Hamad General Hospital collaborative anticoagulation clinic in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Abdallah Ibtihal , Eltahir Asma , Fernyhough Liam , El-Bardissy Ahmed , Ahmed Rana , Abdulgelil Mohammed , Elgaily Dina , Mohammed AbdulMoqeeth , Jassim Ameena , Barakat Loluwa , Al-Ansari Mazen , Javed Mehak , Alkhawaja Raja , Elzouki Abdel-nasser 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHamad General Hospital Anticoagulation Clinic is one of the largest collaborative-practice clinics of its type in Qatar. The patients being followed at this clinic are typically complex and vulnerable. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, measures were implemented at the clinic to minimize the exposure of patients and healthcare providers to the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and to promote social distancing. These measures included extending INR-recall period, transitioning to direct oral anticoagulant drugs whenever feasible, home visits to elderly and immunocompromised patients for INR testing, establishing an anticoagulation hotline, and relocation of warfarin dispensing from the main pharmacy to the anticoagulation clinic. In addition, the clinic shifted its multidisciplinary team meetings onto an online platform using Microsoft Teams. Telehealth consultations were extensively utilized to closely follow up with the patients and ensure that anticoagulation efficacy and safety remained optimal. The aim of this paper is to share our experience and describe the measures adopted by the clinic as part of the Hamad Medical Corporation response to the emerging situation.
Petrophysical Correlations for the Permeability of Coquinas (Carbonate Rocks)
Authors: Lima M. C. O. , Pontedeiro E. M. , Ramirez M. , Boyd A. , van Genuchten M. Th. , Borghi L. , Couto P. , Raoof A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe pore structure of many carbonate formations is known to be very complex and heterogeneous. Heterogeneity is manifested by the presence of different types, sizes, and shapes of pores resulting from sedimentation and diagenetic actions. These complexities greatly increase uncertainties in estimated rock hydraulic properties in that different permeability values may occur for samples having similar porosities. In order to understand the effects of pore structure and heterogeneity, petrophysical analyses were performed on coquina samples from the Morro do Chaves Formation (Barremian, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin), which is an analogue of Brazilian Pre-salt oil reservoirs of Itapema Formation in the Santos Basin. Routine core analyses, and NMR and MICP measurements were carried out to obtain pore body and pore throat distributions. Obtained T2 relaxation times were converted to pore size radii by matching the NMR and MICP curves. Pore-scale imaging and pore network modelling were performed using microCT scans and the PoreFlow software, respectively. Calculated permeabilities using PoreFlow showed excellent agreement with the routine laboratory measurements. Samples having pore bodies with a higher coordination number showed much larger permeabilities at similar porosities. This study includes a statistical analysis of various features that caused the observed differences in permeability of the coquinas, including the role of connectivity of the entire porous system. Limitations and challenges of the various techniques, and the imaging and pore-scale flow simulations, are discussed.
P2X7 is a cytotoxic receptor….maybe not: implications for cancer
Authors: Di Virgilio Francesco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment is rich in extracellular ATP. This nucleotide affects both cancer and infiltrating immune cell responses by acting at P2 receptors, chiefly P2X7. ATP is then degraded to generate adenosine, a very powerful immunosuppressant. The purinergic hypothesis put forward by Geoff Burnstock prompted innovative investigation in this field and provided the intellectual framework to interpret a myriad of experimental findings. This is a short appraisal of how Geoff’s inspiration influenced cancer studies and my own investigation highlighting the key role of the P2X7 receptor.
A swing and a child: how scientific phenomena can come to matter for preschool children’s emergent science identities
Authors: Günther-Hanssen Anna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe focus of this study is the co-actings of a 5-year-old girl, a swing, and physical phenomena. The study explores how the swing and physical phenomena worked as co-creators of the girl’s scientific explorations as well as her bodily capacities and identity construction. Empirically, the study makes use of a video sequence generated during a field study in a Swedish preschool with 5-year-old children. The field study focused on the children’s play and explorations together with the preschool environment, during activities not specifically guided by teachers. To conceptualize children’s emergent scientific learning as mutual with their identity construction and as being co-created together with nonhuman agents, the study combines perspectives from new materialism, emergent science, physics, and gender theory. As a theoretical and methodological foundation, a new materialist perspective drawing on Karen Barad’s (Meeting the universe halfway. Quantum physics of the entanglement of matter and meaning, Duke University Press, London, 2007) theory of agential realism and diffractive methodology were used, as well as Elizabeth de Freitas and Anna Palmer’s (Cult Stud Sci Educ 11(4):1201–1222, 2016.10.1007/s11422-014-9652-6) notion concerning how scientific concepts can work as creative playmates in children’s explorations. The findings show how the girl, together with the swing, could experience and explore various physical phenomena as well as, extend her bodily capacities and become brave and strong. As such, new materialism shows how scientific phenomena can create affordances for an individual’s becomings as scientific as well as how “becoming scientific” can be understood. At the same time, the findings also indicate the importance of teachers not assuming that scientific phenomena are automatically part of children’s play or can be experienced by all children all the time. The explored situation was rare. On most occasions, the girl did not get the same kind of experiences with the swing because of gender norms. I argue that norms and discourses connected to science and gender are not things that “come with” older children or are only introduced by adults. These are instead already in the making and re-making within children’s co-actings with the material-discursive environment in preschool. It is therefore important that teachers engage in children’s embodied play with scientific phenomena, with the aim to empower the children, their bodies, capacities and (science) identities.
Computational design of heterogeneous catalysts and gas separation materials for advanced chemical processing
Authors: Shi Huaiwei , Zhou Teng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFunctional materials are widely used in chemical industry in order to reduce the process cost while simultaneously increase the product quality. Considering their significant effects, systematic methods for the optimal selection and design of materials are essential. The conventional synthesis-and-test method for materials development is inefficient and costly. Additionally, the performance of the resulting materials is usually limited by the designer’s expertise. During the past few decades, computational methods have been significantly developed and they now become a very important tool for the optimal design of functional materials for various chemical processes. This article selectively focuses on two important process functional materials, namely heterogeneous catalyst and gas separation agent. Theoretical methods and representative works for computational screening and design of these materials are reviewed.
A computer-aided strategy for preoperative simulation of autologous ear reconstruction procedure
Authors: Mussi Elisa , Servi Michaela , Facchini Flavio , Carfagni Monica , Volpe Yary 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAutologous ear reconstruction is the preferred treatment in case of partial or total absence of the external ear. The surgery can be very challenging to perform and the aesthetic result highly dependent on the surgeon’s “artistic skills”. In this context a preoperative planning and simulation phase based on the patient’s specific anatomy may result crucial for the surgical outcome. In this work, starting from a case study, the elements necessary for an effective simulation are identified and a strategy for their interactive design and customization is devised with a perspective of a semi-automatization of the procedure.
Menschenrechte: ein kontroverses Diskursfeld
Authors: Scherr Albert 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit der einflussreichen Charakterisierung Sozialer Arbeit als Menschenrechtsprofession auseinander. Aufgezeigt wird insbesondere, dass dies wiederkehrend mit einem unklaren Verständnis der Menschenrechte als Werte und als kodifiziertes Recht einhergeht sowie das Verhältnis von Menschenrechten und sozialstaatlichen Standards vernachlässigt. Deshalb bietet die Idee der Menschenrechtsprofession kein sicheres Fundament für die Klärung der Frage, was in der Sozialen Arbeit getan und unterlassen werden. Problematisiert wird auch die Vorstellung, Soziale Arbeit könne sich selbst ein Mandat erteilen und zudem die Position einer moralisch überlegenen Autorität bei der Interpretation von Menschenrechten beanspruchen.
Update on Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuropathy and Bilateral Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS)
Authors: Dupré Mathieu , Hermann Ruben , Froment Tilikete Caroline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe syndrome of cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia (CANVAS) has emerged progressively during the last 30 years. It was first outlined by the neurootology/neurophysiology community in the vestibular areflexic patients, through the description of patients slowly developing late-onset cerebellar ataxia and bilateral vestibulopathy. The characteristic deficit of visuo-vestibulo-ocular reflex (VVOR) due to the impaired slow stabilizing eye movements was put forward and a specific disease subtending this syndrome was suggested. The association to a peripheral sensory axonal neuropathy was described later on, with neuropathological studies demonstrating that both sensory neuropathy and vestibular areflexia were diffuse ganglionopathy. Clinical and electrophysiological criteria of CANVAS were then proposed in 2016. Besides the classical triad, frequent chronic cough, signs of dysautonomia and neurogenic pains were frequently observed. From the beginning of published cohorts, sporadic as well as familial cases were reported, the last suggestive of an autosomal recessive mode of transmission. The genetic disorder was discovered in 2019, under the form of abnormal biallelic expansion in the replication factor C subunit 1 (RFC1) in a population of late-onset ataxia. This pathological expansion was found in 100% of the familial form and 92% of sporadic ones when the triad was complete. But using the genetic criteria, the phenotype of CANVAS seems to expand, for exemple including patients with isolated neuronopathy. We propose here to review the clinical, electrophysiological, anatomical, genetic aspect of CANVAS in light of the recent discovery of the genetic aetiology, and discuss differential diagnosis, neuropathology and physiopathology.
Modeling and Predicting Trust Dynamics in Human–Robot Teaming: A Bayesian Inference Approach
Authors: Guo Yaohui , Yang X. Jessie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTrust in automation, or more recently trust in autonomy, has received extensive research attention in the past three decades. The majority of prior literature adopted a “snapshot” view of trust and typically evaluated trust through questionnaires administered at the end of an experiment. This “snapshot” view, however, does not acknowledge that trust is a dynamic variable that can strengthen or decay over time. To fill the research gap, the present study aims to model trust dynamics when a human interacts with a robotic agent over time. The underlying premise of the study is that by interacting with a robotic agent and observing its performance over time, a rational human agent will update his/her trust in the robotic agent accordingly. Based on this premise, we develop a personalized trust prediction model and learn its parameters using Bayesian inference. Our proposed model adheres to three properties of trust dynamics characterizing human agents’ trust development process de facto and thus guarantees high model explicability and generalizability. We tested the proposed method using an existing dataset involving 39 human participants interacting with four drones in a simulated surveillance mission. The proposed method obtained a root mean square error of 0.072, significantly outperforming existing prediction methods. Moreover, we identified three distinct types of trust dynamics, the Bayesian decision maker, the oscillator, and the disbeliever, respectively. This prediction model can be used for the design of individualized and adaptive technologies.
A Systemic Review on Topical Marketed Formulations, Natural Products, and Oral Supplements to Prevent Androgenic Alopecia: A Review
Authors: Ashique Sumel , Sandhu Navjot Kaur , Haque Sk. Niyamul , Koley Kartick 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Androgens have an intense consequence on the human scalp and body hair. Scalp hair sprouts fundamentally in awol of androgens whereas the body hair hike is vulnerable to the activity of androgens. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) invoked as males emulate Alopecia due to the cause of the dynamic reduction of scalp hair. Androgens are medium of terminus growth of hair although the body. Local and system androgens convert the extensive terminal follicles into lesser vellus like structure. The out start of this type of alopecia is intensely irregular and the reason behind this existence of enough circulating steroidal hormones androgens and due to genetic predisposition. Effective treatments are available in the market as well as under clinical and preclinical testing. Many herbal formulations are also available but not FDA approved. Different conventional and NDDS formulations are already available in the market. To avoid various systemic side effects of both Finasteride and Minoxidil, topical formulations and natural products (nutrients, minerals, vitamins) now a days are being widely used to treat Androgenic alopecia. CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) provides the option to elect favorable, low-risk, adjuvant and alternative therapies. Herein, we offer a widespread review of topical marketed formulations, natural products, and CAM treatment options for AGA.

Graphic Abstract
Recent Endeavors on Molecular Imaging for Mapping Metals in Biology
Authors: Gao Jing , Chen Yuncong , Guo Zijian , He Weijiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Transition metals such as zinc, copper and iron play vital roles in maintaining physiological functions and homeostasis of living systems. Molecular imaging, including two-photon imaging (TPI), bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI), could act as non-invasive toolkits for capturing dynamic events in living cells, tissues and whole animals. Herein, we review the recent progress in the development of molecular probes for essential transition metals and their biological applications. We emphasize the contributions of metallostasis to health and disease, and discuss the future research directions about how to harness the great potential of metal sensors.

Graphic Abstract
Biofriendly micro/nanomotors operating on biocatalysis: from natural to biological environments
Authors: Guo Ziyi , Liu Jian , Wang Da-Wei , Xu Jiangtao , Liang Kang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are tiny motorized objects that can autonomously navigate in complex fluidic environments under the influence of an appropriate source of energy. Internal energy-driven MNMs are composed of certain reactive materials that are capable of converting chemical energy from the surroundings into kinetic energy. Recent advances in smart nanomaterials design and processing have endowed the internal energy-driven MNMs with different geometrical designs and various mechanisms of locomotion, with remarkable traveling speed in diverse environments ranging from environmental water to complex body fluids. Among the different design principals, MNM systems that operate from biocatalysis possess biofriendly components, efficient energy conversion, and mild working condition, exhibiting a potential of stepping out of the proof-of-concept phase for addressing many real-life environmental and biotechnological challenges. The biofriendliness of MNMs should not only be considered for in vivo drug delivery but also for environmental remediation and chemical sensing that only environmentally friendly intermediates and degraded products are generated. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in biofriendly MNM design using biocatalysis as the predominant driving force, towards practical applications in biotechnology and environmental technology.
Developing entrepreneurial education in national school curricula: lessons from North Macedonia and Wales
Authors: Penaluna Andrew , Penaluna Kathryn , Polenakovikj Radmil 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn 2016, Eurydice reported that no country in Europe had fully integrated entrepreneurial education in schools and that teacher training was fragmented. However, supported by the World Bank, North Macedonia introduced a compulsory and progressively evaluated Entrepreneurship and Innovation curriculum in 2016, following policy decisions made in 2014. Teacher training initiatives from Wales informed progress. The Welsh Government decided to integrate an entrepreneurial culture within curriculum and assessment arrangements in schools which built upon prior work including education within Initial Teacher Training. This included funding to pilot training for teachers at all levels, from schools to universities and across all subject specialisms—to develop entrepreneurial education. Welsh Government’s Youth Entrepreneurship Strategy (YES) commenced in 2004 within the Ministry for Business and Transport (now Business Economy and Innovation), and since 2015, has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Skills. The sector now has 10 years of experience in entrepreneurial teacher training and has developed Doctoral-level study for educational leaders. In February 2020, the theme of ‘creative enterprising contributors’ was formally positioned as one of the four overarching ‘purposes’ of school education in Wales. This article provides reflective insights of knowledge exchange through the lens of the International Institute for Creative Entrepreneurial Development, in both a Macedonian and Welsh context, and will be of interest to those who wish to advance national policies and entrepreneurial educator development.