bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted:Propofol exerts neuroprotective functions by down‐regulating microRNA‐19a in glutamic acid‐induced PC12 cells
Authors: Yu Shashuang , Xin Wenqi , Jiang Qiliang , Li Aixiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPropofol, a kind of intravenous sedative drug, is certified that exerts anti‐inflammation and antitumor functions. However, the influence of propofol in cerebral injury and the corresponding mechanism remains unexplained, that our article focuses on.MethodsPC12 cells were treated with propofol and exposed in glutamic acid (Glu) solutions. Cell viability, apoptotic potential, apoptosis‐related and autophagy‐linked proteins were tested via CCK‐8, flow cytometry, and western blot assays. Reverse transcription‐quantitative real‐time PCR was utilized to test miR‐19a expression in Glu‐stimulated cells. Next, miR‐19a mimic transfection was used to assess the effects of miR‐19a on cell apoptosis and autophagy in Glu or propofol treated cells. Finally, western blot was performed to test AMPK and mTOR pathways.ResultsGlu exposure promoted cell apoptosis and autophagy of PC12 cells, while propofol attenuated cell apoptosis and autophagy triggered by Glu. Additionally, propofol decreased the miR‐19a expression in Glu‐stimulated PC12 cells. Meanwhile, over‐expression of miR‐19a reversed the effects of propofol on Glu‐induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, propofol potentiated AMPK and mTOR pathways in Glu‐stimulated PC12 cells via impeding miR‐19a expression.ConclusionsThese finding revealed that propofol relieved Glu‐triggered apoptosis and autophagy of PC12, and activated AMPK and mTOR pathways by suppressing miR‐19a expression.
Identification of patients eligible for discharge within 48 h of colorectal resection
Authors: Grass F , Hübner M , Mathis K L , Hahnloser D , Dozois E J , Kelley S R , Demartines N , Larson D W 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to identify patients eligible for a 48-h stay after colorectal resection, to provide guidance for early discharge planning.

Methods
A bi-institutional retrospective cohort study was undertaken of consecutive patients undergoing major elective colorectal resection for benign or malignant pathology within a comprehensive enhanced recovery pathway between 2011 and 2017. Overall and severe (Clavien–Dindo grade IIIb or above) postoperative complication and readmission rates were compared between patients who were discharged within 48 h and those who had hospital stay of 48 h or more. Multinominal logistic regression analysis was performed to ascertain significant factors associated with a short hospital stay (less than 48 h).

Results
In total, 686 of 5122 patients (13·4 per cent) were discharged within 48 h. Independent factors favouring a short hospital stay were age below 60 years (odds ratio (OR) 1·34; P = 0·002), ASA grade less than III (OR 1·42; P = 0·003), restrictive fluid management (less than 3000 ml on day of surgery: OR 1·46; P &lt; 0·001), duration of surgery less than 180 min (OR 1·89; P &lt; 0·001), minimally invasive approach (OR 1·92; P &lt; 0·001) and wound contamination grade below III (OR 4·50; P &lt; 0·001), whereas cancer diagnosis (OR 0·55; P &lt; 0·001) and malnutrition (BMI below 18 kg/m2: OR 0·42; P = 0·008) decreased the likelihood of early discharge. Patients with a 48-h stay had fewer overall (10·8 per cent versus 30·6 per cent in those with a longer stay; P &lt; 0·001) and fewer severe (2·6 versus 10·2 per cent respectively; P &lt; 0·001) complications, and a lower readmission rate (9·0 versus 11·8 per cent; P = 0·035).

Conclusion
Early discharge of selected patients is safe and does not increase postoperative morbidity or readmission rates. In these patients, outpatient colorectal surgery should be feasible on a large scale with logistical optimization.
Child Abuse‐related Deaths, Child Mortality (0–4 Years) and Income Inequality in the USA and Other Developed Nations 1989–91 v 2013–15: Speaking Truth to Power
Authors: Pritchard Colin , Williams Richard , Rosenorn‐Lanng Emily 
Published: January 2020

The major concern for social work, namely child abuse‐related deaths (CARD), involves parental neglect. Societal neglect, when measured by child mortality rates (CMR), is considered by bodies such as UNICEF to be indicative of how a nation meets the needs of its children. This population‐based study analyses CARD and CMR for children aged from newborn to four years old between 1989–91 and 2013–15 to identify any relative child neglect in the USA and 20 other developed nations (ODN).World Health Organization data were used for CARD, CMR and undetermined deaths (UnD), a possible source of unreported CARD, juxtaposed against World Bank income inequality data.The USA had the highest number of CARD, the highest CMR and the worst income inequality. Five countries reduced their CARD significantly more than the USA, and 14 countries reduced their CMR more than the USA. Income inequality and CMR were correlated.Had the USA matched the CMR of Japan, where income inequality was narrowest, there would have been on average 16 745 fewer child deaths annually.CARD and UnD correlated, suggesting that UnD may contain unreported CARD. US CMR data indicate that services in the USA are less effective than those in ODN, possibly due to income inequality. These results will be unwelcome but child protection services must dare to speak truth to power.‘This population‐based study analyses CARD and CMR for children aged from newborn to four years old between 1989–91 and 2013–15 to identify any relative child neglect in the USA and 20 other developed nations’Key Practitioner MessagesThe richest country in the world, the USA, has the highest rates of child abuse and total child mortality in the Western world.The USA has the highest income inequality in the West, highlighting the statistical link between child mortality and poverty.Children's services should lead the call for the necessary changes and ‘speak truth to power’.
Building cardiovascular disease competence in an urban poor Ghanaian community: A social psychology of participation approach
Authors: de‐Graft Aikins Ama , Kushitor Mawuli , Kushitor Sandra Boatemaa , Sanuade Olutobi , Asante Paapa Yaw , Sakyi Lionel , Agyei Francis , Koram Kwadwo , Ogedegbe Gbenga 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper describes conceptual, methodological, and practical insights from a longitudinal social psychological project that aims to build cardiovascular disease (CVD) competence in a poor community in Accra, Ghana's capital. Informed by a social psychology of participation approach, mixed method data included qualitative interviews and household surveys from over 500 community members, including people living with diabetes, hypertension, and stroke, their caregivers, health care providers, and GIS mapping of pluralistic health systems, food vending sites, bars, and physical activity spaces. Data analysis was informed by the diagnosis‐psychosocial intervention‐reflexivity framework proposed by Guareschi and Jovchelovitch. The community had a high prevalence of CVD and risk factors, and CVD knowledge was cognitive polyphasic. The environment was obesogenic, alcohol promoting, and medically pluralistic. These factors shaped CVD experiences and eclectic treatment seeking behaviours. Psychosocial interventions included establishing a self‐help group and community screening and education. Applying the “AIDS‐competent communities” model proposed by Campbell and colleagues, we outline the psychosocial features of CVD competence that are relatively easy to implement, albeit with funds and labour, and those that are difficult. We offer a reflexive analysis of four challenges that future activities will address: social protection, increasing men's participation, connecting national health policy to community needs, and sustaining the project.
Homogeneous and Universal Detection of Various Targets with a Dual‐Step Transduced Toehold Switch Sensor
Authors: Li Huan , Tang Yidan , Li Bingling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractToehold switch sensors represent a class of new advances that allow specific targets to trigger in situ expression of a protein reporter. Although they offer unique advantages of a label‐free nature and high portability, they generally require repeated sequence design, high expenditure, and laborious optimization of toehold switch sequences according to different targets. To simplify the sensing process further and to improve its practicability, we innovatively introduce a dual‐step pre‐transduction upon traditional toehold switch sensor. Through two successive toehold‐mediated strand‐displacement reactions that are initiated, respectively, by a linear and an associative trigger, different DNAs, RNAs, or ligands of functional nucleic acids can be generally transduced into the input of one high‐performance toehold switch sensor. This advance greatly increases the target range. Furthermore, the whole process is signal‐on, homogeneous, and free of any requirements for complicated operations such as probe labeling, separation, and reconstruction of the toehold switch, being promising and practical even in portable or point‐of‐care assays.
Hybrid trans‐apical atrioventricular valve‐in‐valve implantation in Fontan circulation
Authors: Butera Gianfranco , Lucchese Gianluca , Austin Conal , Frigiola Alessandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTrans‐apical approach has been proved successful in failing surgical bio‐prosthesis in both mitral and aortic position in adult patients. Recently, valve‐in‐valve treatments have been applied even in patients with complex congenital heart disease. Here, we report the case of a 32 years old lady with left atrial isomerism, complete AV septal defect, interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation who underwent Kawashima procedure with atrial Fontan. Severe systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation necessitated a 33 mm Perimount valve implantation and conversion to lateral tunnel Fontan. After only 4 years there was severe valve stenosis and the patient underwent successful trans‐apical transcatheter implantation of a 29 mm Sapien valve.
Novel application of quantitative flow ratio for predicting microvascular dysfunction after ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Sheng Xincheng , Qiao Zhiqing , Ge Heng , Sun Jiateng , He Jie , Li Zheng , Ding Song , Pu Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated quantitative flow ratio (QFR) to predict microvascular dysfunction (MVD) in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundQFR is a novel approach for the rapid computation of fractional flow reserve based on three‐dimensional quantitative coronary angiography. We hypothesized that QFR computation could be used to predict MVD after STEMI.MethodsIndexes such as contrast‐flow QFR (cQFR), fixed‐flow QFR (fQFR), and hyperemic flow velocity (HFV) were calculated in 130 STEMI patients with culprit lesion with ≥50% diameter stenosis and TIMI flow grade 2/3 in the spontaneously recanalized culprit artery on initial angiography. MVD was defined as microvascular obstruction determined by contrast‐enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance at a median of 5 days after percutaneous coronary intervention.ResultsPatients were divided into the MVD group (76/130, 58.5%) and non‐MVD group (54/130, 41.5%). Patients with MVD had higher cQFR‐fQFR value (0.080 ± 0.058 vs. 0.038 ± 0.039, p < .001) and lower modeled HFV (0.096 ± 0.044 vs. 0.144 ± 0.041 m/s, p < .001). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis revealed that both the cQFR‐fQFR value (area under the curve, AUC = 0.716, p < .001) and modeled HFV (AUC = 0.805, p < .001) had high specificity and positive predictive value to predict MVD. In multivariable logistic analysis, cQFR‐fQFR was identified as an independent predictor of MVD (odds ratio = 9.800, p < .001).ConclusionsThis proof‐of‐concept study suggested that QFR computation may be a useful tool to predict MVD after STEMI (Trial Registration:NCT03780335).
Feel free to keep quiet: The implications of employee voice expectations
Authors: Andiappan Meena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough we know that expectations predict behavioural engagement, researchers have yet to examine the impact of voicers' expectations on the voice engagement process. This conceptual paper introduces the construct of voice expectations and explores the role that voicer expectations play in the voice process. In doing so, I build a conceptual model of the voice expectancy violation and confirmation process and discuss the role the voicer's violated or confirmed expectations can have on future decisions to speak up.
Venous thromboembolism risk with contemporary lenalidomide‐based regimens despite thromboprophylaxis in multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Bin Riaz Irbaz , Malik Saad Ullah , Marneni Naimisha , Mejia Garcia Alex , Anwer Faiz , Khorana Alok A. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Kumar Shaji , Murad M. Hassan , Wang Zhen , Khan Safi U. , Majhail Navneet S. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThromboprophylaxis is routinely used with lenalidomide‐based regimens in multiple myeloma because of a substantial risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, little is known about the incidence of VTE with contemporary lenalidomide‐based regimens. The objective of the current study was to estimate the incidence of VTE despite thromboprophylaxis with currently used lenalidomide‐based regimens in patients with myeloma.MethodsThe Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were queried from study inception to January 2019 for keywords to cover the following concepts: “lenalidomide,” “venous thromboembolism,” and “multiple myeloma.” Phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trials evaluating lenalidomide‐based regimens with thromboprophylaxis were included. The pooled incidence rate of VTE was estimated using a random‐effects model.ResultsThe search generated 1372 citations, with 51 clinical trials and 9069 patients included for analysis. The most common thromboprophylaxis agents were aspirin, low‐molecular‐weight heparin or warfarin, administered either per risk‐stratification or at investigators' discretion. The pooled incidence of VTE in trials of patients who had newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory myeloma was 6.2% (95% CI, 5.4%‐7.1%) over median treatment durations ranging from 2 to 34 cycles, which translated into 1.2 VTE events per 100 patient‐cycles (95% CI, 0.9‐1.7 VTE events per 100 patient‐cycles). Among contemporary regimens, the risk of VTE was low with combined lenalidomide and low‐dose dexamethasone (0.2 [95% CI, 0.1‐0.6] events/100 patient‐cycles) and lenalidomide maintenance (0.0 [95% CI, 0.0‐0.7] events per 100 patient‐cycles). VTE risk was higher with combined lenalidomide and low‐dose dexamethasone plus proteasome inhibitors (1.3 [95% CI, 0.7‐2.3] events per 100 patient‐cycles).ConclusionsDespite adequate thromboprophylaxis, lenalidomide‐based regimens have a substantial risk of VTE in controlled clinical trial settings. Further studies are needed on new thromboprophylaxis strategies with regimens that have a high VTE risk.
The CAS‐extended model
Authors: Peterson Christina , Dechev Damian 
Published: January 2020

SummaryWait‐freedom guarantees that all processes complete their operations in a finite number of steps regardless of the delay of any process. Combinatorial topology has been proposed in the literature as a formal verification technique to prove the wait‐free computability of decision tasks. Wait‐freedom is proved through the properties of a static topological structure that expresses all possible combinations of execution paths of the protocol solving the decision task. The practical application of combinatorial topology as a formal verification technique is limited because the existing theory only considers protocols in which the manner of communication between processes is through read‐write memory. This research proposes an extension to the existing theory, called the CAS‐extended model. The extended theory includes Compare‐And‐Swap (CAS) and Load‐Link/Store‐Conditional (LL/SC), which are atomic primitives used to achieve wait‐freedom in state‐of‐the‐art protocols. The CAS‐extended model theory can be used to formally verify wait‐free algorithms used in practice, such as concurrent data structures. We present new definitions detailing the construction of a protocol complex in the CAS‐extended model. As a proof‐of‐concept, we formally verify a wait‐free queue with three processes using the CAS‐extended combinatorial topology.
Photoswitchable Macroscopic Solid Surfaces Based On Azobenzene‐Functionalized Polydopamine/Gold Nanoparticle Composite Materials: Formation, Isomerization and Ligand Exchange
Authors: Kunfi Attila , Bernadett Vlocskó Rita , Keresztes Zsófia , Mohai Miklós , Bertóti Imre , Ábrahám Ágnes , Kiss Éva , London Gábor 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe facile preparation of dynamic interfaces is presented based on the combination of photoisomerizable azobenzenes and polydopamine (PDA)/Au nanoparticle composite materials. Azobenzenes with different spacer lengths (C3, C6) and surface‐binding groups (SH, NH2) were synthesized. The polymer layer on macroscopic quartz surface was prepared by the facile aerobic autopolymerisation of dopamine hydrochloride under basic conditions. The presence of redox‐active catechol moieties meant that gold nanoparticles were formed on the polymer surface. The obtained UV‐Vis spectroscopic results confirmed that following their successful assembly, the switching of azobenzenes on PDA/Au was not affected by the surface binding group and the spacer length of the azobenzene molecules under the measurement conditions. Furthermore, facilitated by the curved nature of the Au particles, the surface‐bound azobenzene layer could be reconstructed by ligand‐exchange processes, and the photochemical characterization of the mixed layer was performed.
Randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicentre pilot study on the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (EMPA‐RESPONSE‐AHF)
Authors: Damman Kevin , Beusekamp Joost C. , Boorsma Eva M. , Swart Henk P. , Smilde Tom D.J. , Elvan Arif , van Eck J.W. Martijn , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsInhibition of sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) reduces the risk of death and heart failure (HF) admissions in patients with chronic HF. However, safety and clinical efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with acute decompensated HF are unknown.Methods and resultsIn this randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, parallel group, multicentre pilot study, we randomized 80 acute HF patients with and without diabetes to either empagliflozin 10 mg/day or placebo for 30 days. The primary outcomes were change in visual analogue scale (VAS) dyspnoea score, diuretic response (weight change per 40 mg furosemide), change in N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and length of stay. Secondary outcomes included safety and clinical endpoints. Mean age was 76 years, 33% were female, 47% had de novo HF and median NT‐proBNP was 5236 pg/mL. No difference was observed in VAS dyspnoea score, diuretic response, length of stay, or change in NT‐proBNP between empagliflozin and placebo. Empagliflozin reduced a combined endpoint of in‐hospital worsening HF, rehospitalization for HF or death at 60 days compared with placebo [4 (10%) vs. 13 (33%); P = 0.014]. Urinary output up until day 4 was significantly greater with empagliflozin vs. placebo [difference 3449 (95% confidence interval 578–6321) mL; P < 0.01]. Empagliflozin was safe, well tolerated, and had no adverse effects on blood pressure or renal function.ConclusionsIn patients with acute HF, treatment with empagliflozin had no effect on change in VAS dyspnoea, diuretic response, NT‐proBNP, and length of hospital stay, but was safe, increased urinary output and reduced a combined endpoint of worsening HF, rehospitalization for HF or death at 60 days.
Controllable and high‐performance immobilized enzyme reactor: DNA‐directed immobilization of multienzyme in polyamidoamine dendrimer‐functionalized capillaries
Authors: Li Mengqi , Shen Hao , Zhou Zixin , He Wenting , Su Ping , Song Jiayi , Yang Yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, CE‐integrated immobilized enzyme reactors (IMERs) for single‐enzyme immobilization have attracted considerable attention. However, there has been little research on multienzyme immobilization in CE. Here, we introduce a method for fabricating a CE‐integrated IMER, using DNA‐directed immobilization to fix glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase in the capillary, which had been functionalized with polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM). Owing to the reversibility of DNA hybridization, the reactor is capable of dynamic immobilization. Moreover, by introducing the PAMAM, the loading capacity of the IMER is greatly enhanced, and the PAMAM can spontaneously form complexes with DNA and then contribute to the efficiency and stability of the reactor. After 25 days storage, the prepared IMER ultimately retained approximately 70% of its initial activity. We also used the IMER to detect glucose, and the favorable linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.78–12.5 mM, with an LOD of 0.39 mM, demonstrating that the CE‐integrated IMER can be applied to actual samples. We believe that this strategy can be extended to other multienzyme immobilization systems, and CE‐integrated IMERs are potentially useful in a wide range of biochemical research applications.
Life cycle assessment of thermochemical energy storage integration concepts for a concentrating solar power plant
Authors: Pelay Ugo , Azzaro‐Pantel Catherine , Fan Yilin , Luo Lingai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper presents an original life cycle assessment (LCA) of a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant with thermochemical energy storage (TCES). The studied CSP plant is a hypothetic solar tower plant with a Rankine power cycle, and the TCES material used is calcium hydroxide. Based on three proposed TCES integration concepts, detailed sizing and the associated emission inventory are performed for four main groups that constitute the CSP plant, including the solar field, the solar tower, the storage system and the power cycle. Various midpoint impact categories are evaluated using the IMPACT 2002+ method embedded in the SimaPro 7.3 software. A sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the most influencing elements of the CSP plant on the environmental impacts. LCA results show that the CSP plant with different TCES integration alternatives has comparable global warming potential (approximately 11 kg CO2.eq/MWh) and energy payback time (approximately 4 months). The additional environmental burden due to the addition of the TCES system is relatively small (about 30%). The use of calcium hydroxide for the TCES has noticeable midpoint impacts on the respiratory inorganics, the terrestrial ecotoxicity and the mineral extraction. Solar field group (heliostat mirrors) is generally the most sensitive and environmental impacting factor of the CSP installation. The Turbine integration concept has the smallest environmental impacts among the three concepts proposed.