bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge acquisition and collaborative performance in agri-food value-chains in emerging markets
Authors: Dung Truong Quang , Bonney Lawrence Bryan , Adhikari Rajendra P. , Miles Morgan P. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis study aims to take a whole-of-chain perspective to explore how entrepreneurial orientation (EO) influences collaborative performance in agri-food value-chains through enhancing the acquisition of knowledge.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a survey of 233 actors, including farmers, intermediaries and retailers in one beef cattle value-chain in the Central Highlands, Vietnam. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses.FindingsThe actors’ level of EO within a value-chain is positively associated with collaborative performance within the beef value-chain. Additionally, knowledge acquisition partially mediates the relationship between EO and collaborative performance.Research limitations/implicationsGeneralizability is limited because of sampling constraints.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of EO from a whole-of-chain perspective in agri-food value-chains in an emerging economy and has implications for policymakers and agri-food marketers.
Near‐infrared spectroscopy as a potential non‐invasive tool in the assessment of disease activity in vitiligo patients
Authors: De Bruyne Sander , Speeckaert Reinhart , Himpe Jonas , Delanghe Joris R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVitiligo is a common chronic depigmenting skin disease. We explored the utility of near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the identification of spectral changes associated with disease activity in vitiligo patients. In vivo spectral measurements were performed directly on the perilesional skin of 70 vitiligo patients. Relative intensities (second derivative) at 1139, 1344, 1646 and 1839 nm appeared to be significantly lower in the perilesional region of patients with active vitiligo compared with stable disease, while the intensity at 1884 nm seemed to be significantly higher. A classification model based on the spectral ranges around those peaks generated a correct prediction in 82.9% of the cases. In conclusion, we can state that NIR spectroscopy could have potential in the assessment of disease activity. However, large‐scale prospective studies are necessary to confirm our preliminary results.
Outcomes in thread lift for face, neck, and nose; A prospective chart review study with APTOS
Authors: Rezaee Khiabanloo Samad , Nabie Reza , Aalipour Ezatollah 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate the surgical efficacy and outcomes related to midface, mandible, neck (and double chin), and nose lifting with APTOS thread lift.MethodsIn this prospective review chart study, a total of 58 patients were included (from July 2018 to July 2019). All participants underwent facial thread lifting using APTOS. The patients were followed up first week, third, and sixth month after lifting surgery. Outcomes were assessed by two surgeons and patients based on the GAIS score. All data were analyzed by SPSS‐17 software with chi‐square test.ResultsA total of 58 patients (Mean ± SD: 52.52 ± 10.58) (F: 45, Mean ± SD:53.13 ± 11.27 years, M:13, Mean ± SD: 50.38 ± 9.43 years) were included in the study. The most common sites for the face‐lifting surgery were midface and mandibular (N = 45, 77.5%), neck (N = 10, 17.3%), and nose (N = 3, 5.2%), respectively. The level of satisfaction remained unchanged (after 6 months), about 80%, for the patients, increased from 90.7% (first week) to 94.8% (sixth month) after surgery, and increased from 93.1% (first week) to 94.8% (sixth month after surgery). The highest rate of potential complications after the surgery was related to ecchymosis (17 cases, 30%), followed by complications of pain (N = 10, 17.2%), tumefaction (N = 4, 6.9%), and dimple (N = 1, 1.7%) were reported.ConclusionThe results showed that satisfaction in patients and surgeons increased over time (after 6 months). Postoperative (minor) complications were also assessed and ecchymosis was found to be the most common complication. However, the proportion of postoperative complications was relatively low.
I Might Stay to Myself: Activation and Avoidance of Assistance from Kin
Authors: Mazelis Joan Maya , Mykyta Laryssa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores how low‐income mothers and fathers who recently have had a child avoid and access financial and other instrumental support from kin, and the statements they make about kin support.BackgroundNew parents without significant financial capital have a strong need for social support from family members. Yet some with access to assistance from family do not activate it, and avoiding support can leave them facing dire circumstances alone.MethodThis article uses data from all four waves of the Time, Love, and Cash among Couples with Children study (TLC3), a qualitative study embedded in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Researchers used a stratified random sampling scheme to select 25 couples from each of three cities. Analysis used open and axial coding techniques on interview transcript
data.ResultsReports of kin support are widespread, but help is not universally activated. Parents often talk in contradictory ways about activating and avoiding support. Those who access help from family often employ the language of avoidance, particularly when it comes to asking for help. Those who avoid it or claim to avoid it say they do so because of individualistic pride, the pressure of reciprocity, and understandings of what it means to be an independent adult.ConclusionThis study illustrates the complexity and contradictions in how participants think and talk about kin support, and demonstrates that having to ask for help presents a key barrier to support.
Clinical course of gastroesophageal reflux disease and impact of treatment in symptomatic young patients
Authors: Bonavina Luigi , Fisichella P. Marco , Gavini Sravanya , Lee Yeong Yeh , Tatum Roger P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn symptomatic young patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, early identification of progressive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is critical to prevent long‐term complications associated with hiatal hernia, increased esophageal acid and nonacid exposure, release of proinflammatory cytokines, and development of intestinal metaplasia, endoscopically visible Barrett's esophagus, and dysplasia leading to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Progression of GERD may occur in asymptomatic patients and in those under continuous acid‐suppressive medication. The long‐term side effects of proton‐pump inhibitors, chemopreventive agents, and radiofrequency ablation are contentious. In patients with early‐stage disease, when the lower esophageal sphincter function is still preserved and before endoscopically visible Barrett's esophagus develops, novel laparoscopic procedures, such as magnetic and electric sphincter augmentation, may have a greater role than conventional surgical therapy. A multidisciplinary approach to GERD by a dedicated team of gastroenterologists and surgeons might impact the patients’ lifestyle, the therapeutic choices, and the course of the disease. Biological markers are needed to precisely assess the risk of disease progression and to tailor surveillance, ablation, and management.
Transient Vibro-Thermography and Nonlinear Resonant Modes
Authors: Kolappan Geetha G. , Roy Mahapatra D. , In Chi-Won , Raulerson D. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Transient vibro-thermography for nondestructive evaluation and super-resolution imaging of material defects invariably employs nonlinear contact dynamics involving the ultrasonic actuator (horn) and the surface of the target structure. It produces nonlinear resonant modes of vibration in the target structural component. Vibration-induced heat generation is one phenomenon involved here. However, the contribution of nonlinear vibration on the thermal signature is poorly understood. In this study, we consider a metallic component with a thin-walled cavity as a representative sharp feature tuned to the main excitation frequency of the ultrasonic actuator. We have developed a mathematical model to simulate transient thermal signature of structural discontinuity/cavity/defect. The model incorporates a coupled thermo-viscoelastic heat generation process in the bulk material based on the Helmholtz free energy formulation. To capture the source of nonlinear resonant modes, we incorporate the stick-separation contact dynamics due to the ultrasonic horn and the target structural component. Commercial finite element simulation (comsol multiphysics) is used to quantitatively understand the nonlinear vibration response and the thermal transport behavior of the target structure with the cavity. The proposed model accounts for the effects of both the normal and the shear components of deformation contributing on heat generation and captures the nonlinear modal contribution on the heat flux map. The study shows how the geometric feature and material parameters produce an evolution of the nonlinear subsuper harmonics along with the primary harmonics tuned to the excitation frequency. Results obtained from numerical simulations are compared with the experimental results.
Correlation ofPasteurella haemolyticaLeukotoxin Binding with Susceptibility to Intoxication of Lymphoid Cells from Various Species
Authors: Sun Yude , Clinkenbeard Kenneth D. , Cudd Laura A. , Clarke Cyril R. , Clinkenbeard Patricia A. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTPasteurella haemolytica, the causative agent of shipping fever pneumonia in cattle, produces a leukotoxin (LKT) which lyses ruminant leukocytes with high efficiency but is reputed to not affect leukocytes from nonruminant species. In this study, we tested the supposition that LKT binding correlates positively with susceptibility to intoxication of susceptible isolated bovine lymphocytes and lymphoma tissue culture cells (BL3 cells) and negatively with reputed nonsusceptible equine, porcine, and canine lymphocytes and human lymphoid tissue culture cells (Raji cells). Bovine lymphocytes and BL3 cells were highly susceptible to LKT intoxication, exhibiting both substantial increase in intracellular Ca2+concentration and marked leukolysis. Exposure of reputed LKT-nonsusceptible porcine lymphocytes and Raji cells to LKT caused a slightly increased intracellular Ca2+concentration but no leukolysis. No LKT effect was detected for equine and canine lymphocytes. LKT bound to lymphoid cells from all species tested. Intact 102-kDa LKT was recovered from exposed isolated lymphoid cell membranes. Pro-LKT acylation was not required for LKT binding to BL3 cells. LKT binding was rapid, with maximal binding occurring by 3 min, and was proportional to the LKT concentration in the range 0.04 to 4.0 μg/ml. For this LKT concentration range, BL3 cells bound more LKT than did porcine lymphocytes or Raji cells, suggesting that LKT binds to BL3 cells with higher affinity than to porcine lymphocytes or Raji cells. Above 4.0 μg/ml, LKT demonstrated saturable binding to BL3 cells. Neutralizing anti-LKT monoclonal antibody (MAb) MM601 diminished LKT binding to BL3 by 36% while decreasing leukolysis by 81%. In contrast, MM601 did not diminish LKT binding to Raji cells. Pretreatment of target cells with 120 μg of protease K per ml diminished LKT binding to BL3 cells by 75%, with only a 25% decrease in leukolysis. However, pretreatment with 150 μg of protease K per ml abolished the remaining 25% of LKT binding and 75% leukolysis. Therefore,P. haemolyticaLKT binds rapidly to susceptible and to reputed nonsusceptible lymphoid cells. LKT binding resulting in species-specific leukolysis was characterized by high affinity, inhibition by MAb MM601, and relative resistance to protease K pretreatment of lymphoid cells. Two types of LKT binding to lymphoid cells are proposed. High-affinity binding leads to efficient leukolysis. In some lymphoid cells from reputed LKT-nonsusceptible species, low-affinity LKT binding may cause a low-efficiency increase in the intracellular Ca2+concentration without leading to leukolysis.
Human Opsonins Induced during Meningococcal Disease Recognize Transferrin Binding Protein Complexes
Authors: Lehmann A. K. , Gorringe A. R. , Reddin K. M. , West K. , Smith I. , Halstensen A. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Patient serum opsonins against transferrin binding protein A+B (TbpA+B) complexes from two
Neisseria meningitidis
strains (K454 and B16B6, with 85- and 68-kDa TbpB, respectively) were quantified by a functional phagocytosis and oxidative burst assay. TbpA+B complexes adsorbed to fluorescent beads were opsonized with individual acute and convalescent sera from 40 patients infected by a variety of meningococcal strains. Flow cytometric quantitation of leukocyte phagocytosis products (PP) demonstrated that disease-induced serum opsonins recognized TbpA+B, and the highest anti-TbpA+B serum opsonic activities were found between admission to hospital and 6 weeks later. The PP values obtained with TbpA+B from strain B16B6 (PP
B16B6
) were higher than those obtained with TbpA+B from strain K454 (PP
K454
), with both acute and convalescent sera (
P
< 0.0001), and correlated positively with higher immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers against TbpA+B from strain B16B6 than from strain K454 (
P
< 0.001). In spite of considerable variations between individuals, significant correlations were found between the PP
B16B6
and PP
K454
values, and the PP values did not depend on the variability of the TbpB proteins of the disease-causing strains. Simultaneously measured oxidative burst activity correlated closely with the PP values. We conclude that highly cross-reactive anti-TbpA+B serum opsonins are produced during meningococcal disease. The anti-TbpA+B opsonic activities were not affected by the variability of the TbpB proteins of the disease-causing strains, which further adds to the evidence for the vaccine potential of meningococcal TbpA+B complexes.
Constitutive and Inducible Expression of Green Fluorescent Protein in
Brucella suis
Authors: Köhler Stephan , Ouahrani-Bettache Safia , Layssac Marion , Teyssier Jacques , Liautard Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

A gene fusion system based on plasmid pBBR1MCS and the expression of green fluorescent protein was developed for
Brucella suis
, allowing isolation of constitutive and inducible genes. Bacteria containing promoter fusions of chromosomal DNA to
gfp
were visualized by fluorescence microscopy and examined by flow cytometry. Twelve clones containing gene fragments induced inside J774 murine macrophages were isolated and further characterized.
Revealing new tick-borne encephalitis virus foci by screening antibodies in sheep milk
Authors: Wallenhammar Amélie , Lindqvist Richard , Asghar Naveed , Gunaltay Sezin , Fredlund Hans , Davidsson Åke , Andersson Sören , Överby Anna K. , Johansson Magnus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Tick distribution in Sweden has increased in recent years, with the prevalence of ticks predicted to spread towards the northern parts of the country, thus increasing the risk of tick-borne zoonoses in new regions. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most significant viral tick-borne zoonotic disease in Europe. The disease is caused by TBE virus (TBEV) infection which often leads to severe encephalitis and myelitis in humans. TBEV is usually transmitted to humans via tick bites; however, the virus can also be excreted in the milk of goats, sheep and cattle and infection may then occur via consumption of unpasteurised dairy products. Virus prevalence in questing ticks is an unreliable indicator of TBE infection risk as viral RNA is rarely detected even in large sample sizes collected at TBE-endemic areas. Hence, there is a need for robust surveillance techniques to identify emerging TBEV risk areas at early stages.

Methods
Milk and colostrum samples were collected from sheep and goats in Örebro County, Sweden. The milk samples were analysed for the presence of TBEV antibodies by ELISA and validated by western blot in which milk samples were used to detect over-expressed TBEV E-protein in crude cell extracts. Neutralising titers were determined by focus reduction neutralisation test (FRNT). The stability of TBEV in milk and colostrum was studied at different temperatures.

Results
In this study we have developed a novel strategy to identify new TBEV foci. By monitoring TBEV antibodies in milk, we have identified three previously unknown foci in Örebro County which also overlap with areas of TBE infection reported during 2009–2018. In addition, our data indicates that keeping unpasteurised milk at 4 °C will preserve the infectivity of TBEV for several days.

Conclusions
Altogether, we report a non-invasive surveillance technique for revealing risk areas for TBE in Sweden, by detecting TBEV antibodies in sheep milk. This approach is robust and reliable and can accordingly be used to map TBEV “hotspots”. TBEV infectivity in refrigerated milk was preserved, emphasising the importance of pasteurisation (i.e. 72 °C for 15 s) prior to consumption.
Fast Bowler’s knee – anteromedial articular impingement
Authors: Reid Michael J. , Alva Avinash , Thompson Simon M. , Dhawan Ranju T. , Jones Mary H. , Williams Andy M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To describe a series of impingement lesions found on the anterior aspect of the medial femoral condyle in international cricketers.

Methods
Seven international level fast bowlers presented to our clinic with knee pain in the lead leg between 2005 and 2013. The mean age of the patients was 26.7 years (20–29 years). In all patients a careful history and examination was undertaken followed by appropriate investigations. Conservative management and arthroscopic surgery were performed on these cases. We aimed for a pain free quiet knee with resolved oedema on MRI and return to sport.

Results
MRI images showed oedema in the medial femoral condyle in all patients and 4 patients also had associated cartilage loss. These 4 patients underwent arthroscopic surgery whereas the other 3 were less symptomatic and were managed conservatively. All patients returned to international cricket at an average of 6 months in the non-operative group and 8 months in the operative group.

Conclusion
Anterior impingement of the anteromedial femoral condyle can be a potentially serious lesion in the fast bowler. A strong index of suspicion regarding this lesion has to be exercised when a fast bowler attends with knee pain and effusion.
Phytochemical investigation and assessment of the hypoglycemic activity of two herbal extracts from selected Iraqi medicinal plants in alloxan-stimulated diabetic rats: a comparative study
Authors: Khamees Amjed Haseeb , Fawzi Hayder Adnan , Sahib Hayder B. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Cyperus rotundus and Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) have been utilized for many years as medical applications, mostly as traditional natural medications.‎ The present research was designed to assess the hypoglycemic activity of the ethanol extract of Iraqi fenugreek seeds and tuberous roots of C. rotundus in alloxan-stimulated ‎diabetic rats and to evaluate the diverse phytochemicals found in ethanol extracts that may have therapeutic activity. Methods: Qualitative assessment of diverse secondary metabolites by ‎corresponding chemical tests was been used to specify each group of compounds in the crude extracts of both plants. Male Wistar rats (n=40) were subdivided randomly into four main groups: ‎group A, alloxan-stimulated diabetic rats with administered with distilled water (10mL/kg; control); group B-D, alloxan-stimulated ‎diabetic rats administered with ‎ethanol extract of C. rotundus (10 mg/kg; group B), glibenclamide (10 mg/kg; group C), and ethanol extract of fenugreek seeds (15mg/kg; group D). These medications were given orally for 6 weeks. Blood glucose of the rats was measured at baseline and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after administration of medication. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of many secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, tannins, and steroids, in the crude extracts of C. rotundus and fenugreek seeds. After 6 weeks all groups of rats showed a significant decline in blood sugar level compared to ‎the control group. Group C (glibenclamide) showed the lowest value, followed by group D (fenugreek seeds) and group B (C. rotundus). Conclusions: Ethanol extract of both plants possess considerable ‎hypoglycemic activity in alloxan-stimulated diabetic rats, with superior efficacy shown by fenugreek seed extract, after 6 weeks of study‎.
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Modified Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire
Authors: Al Amer Hamad S. , Alanazi Fahad , ELdesoky Mohamed , Honin Ayman 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe Modified Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (MLBPDQ) is used for evaluating the functional disability in patients with low back pain (LBP). However, the measurement characteristics of the MLBPDQ among Arab patients are unknown. In this study, we aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the MLBPDQ into Arabic and evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsAn Arabic version of the MLBPDQ was developed through forward translation, translation synthesis, and backward translation. Sixty-eight patients (55 males and 13 females) with a mean age 37.01 ± 7.57 years were recruited to assess its psychometric properties. Reliability was evaluated using internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), test retest reliability (utilizing intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change at 95% confidence level (MDC95%), and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). The construct validity was investigated by correlating the new translation with four other measures of LBP (using Spearman’s rho). Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to compute the sensitivity, using the area under the curve (AUC), and the minimum important change (MIC). An alpha level of 0.05 was set for statistical tests and all the psychometric values were tested againsta priorihypotheses.ResultsThe culturally aligned MLBPDQ showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.85). The ICC, SEM, MDC95%, and LOA between baseline and two days later were 0.98, 1.60, 4.43, and -4.23 to 7.70, respectively, while the values between baseline and 14 days later were 0.94, 2.77, 7.67, and -6.59 to 13.53, respectively. The scale also demonstrated moderate to excellent correlation (rho = 0.54–0.86) with the other four questionnaires. The AUC value of the Arabic-MLBPDQ was 0.68, and the MIC was 3 points.ConclusionThe Arabic version of the MLBPDQ demonstrates adequate psychometric properties and can be used to assess disability level in patients with LBP in Arabic-speaking communities.