bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ƁD-algebra
Authors: Mahdi Laith Salah , Nouri Adel Hashem 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we introduced a new type of algebra, namely a ƁD-algebra. and some of them its properties are discussed in this type. Also, we introduced some theorems and examples of ƁD-algebra. Its properties differ from the rest of the other types of algebras. We tried to connect it with other types of algebras. We have also introduced a new type of ideals this type of algebra. and have tried to relate it to other ideals through the properties and theorems. Also, we have define a new type of BF algebra, namely transitive ideal and we have introduced some theorems and properties that relate to other types of algebras. Also, we define a new type of filters, is called BF filter and tried to study it and linked it to other concepts in BF algebra. Finally, we introduced the pseudo BF-algebra and some concepts and properties that belong to him and then we studied some of the theorems linking the ideals that exist between them.
STUDY OF SOME KINDS OF ALMOST UNBIASED ESTIMATOR AND PRINCIPLE COMPONENT ESTIMATOR FOR REGRESSION MODEL
Authors: Lattef Mustafa Nadhim , Naif Mustafa Ismaeel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this research, two types of bias estimator were studied in linear regression model which are; (almost unbiased generalized ridge estimator, almost unbiased two-parameter estimator and Modified ridge-type estimator) and (The (r-k) class estimator and modified (r-k) class ridge regression estimator) as a method of repressing the multicollinearity problem on parameter estimation in multiple linear regression models. Also, a simulation analysis was used to test the relative efficiency of certain types of biased estimators as well as the thirty-nine proposed estimated ridge parameters (k) that have been shown in the literature. Moreover, the mean square error was also assigned to study the quality of those estimators in different circumstances and for different correlations. Finally, a practical example was applied to illustrate the obtained results. All proposed estimators of (k) are, according to the results, superior to ordinary least squared estimator (LSE), but there is no ‘optimal’ estimator guarantee that can come out, and the best estimator option will depend on the study conditions.
The construction for the arcs (8,4)-from the two arcs (7,4)-in PG (2,q), q=5
Authors: Qassim Ban Abdulkareem 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the current research, the points and lines of the projective plane of order five were constructed, this was followed by examining the arcs designated (k,n)-in this plane. As a result it is concluded that there arcs do exist having set of arcs (8,4)-where the number 8 represented the number of points of the arc while the number 4 represented the largest number of points lie on one line exactly which we obtain there arcs from arcs (7,4)-by using special method we reached it where we study the general properties of (k,n)-arcs in the projective plane PG(2,q).
Tobit regression with Lasso penalty
Authors: Alhamzawi Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA new Bayesian lasso tobit regression method is proposed. The new method is presented as a scale mixture of truncated normal distribution (SMTND) of Laplace distribution with exponential mixing density. The equalitye|β|=eα|β|e(1−α)|β|, is used to write the familiar laplace density as the product of two different Gibbs samplers. Simulation studies are used to illustrate the new algorithm.
Task Scheduling algorithm in cloud computing: A Dynamic Variable Quantum Round robin
Authors: abdul ridah Ban hamed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent years a Cloud computing became an attentional topic in IT. In cloud computing a Task allocation is a well-known problem. in the heterogeneous environments like CC task scheduling could be either static or dynamic manner to make the cloud computing more efficient and thus it rallies the users satisfaction. Round-robin fashion is most task scheduling algorithm suitable because it is fair but it had a static time slice problem, so in this paper we proposed dynamic quantum to allocate tasks to appropriate resource which will reduce turnaround time, waiting time, responds time and increase throughput attending to achieve high system performance.
Spectrophotometric Determination of tetracycline hydrochloride Using 2,4 –dinitrophenyl hydrazine as Coupling Reagent
Authors: Khaleel Roaa M. , Mohammed Dawooh H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSimple, highly sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed to determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in aqueous solution. The proposed method is based on the coupling of tetracycline hydrochloride with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) in the presence of potassium periodate to form an intense orange color dye at 360nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range 0.1-9 μg/ml with the molar absorptivity of 1.262 ×104liter.mol−1.cm−1, with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0123μg/ml and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.0412μg/ml while the RSD value of 0.184 – 0.467 % depending on the concentration. The proposed method was performed successfully to the determination and analysis of tetracycline hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations with average recovery of 100.23 %.
Synthesis and modification of some new prodrug polymer based on carboxymethyl cellulose and study some of their application
Authors: Abbas Rizan-H , Mohammed Faris-H 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study includes the preparation of new polymers for carboxymethyl cellulose and chitosan with different drugs carrying carboxylic groups (amoxicillin, cephalexin, ampicillin) after conversion into acid chloride derivatives. Synthesis of a new various drug delivery systems (DDS) and smart polymer (SP) could develop to provide us the modification and remarqable improvement the new therapeutic efficiency and safety of drug polymer, it eliminates the toxic side effects medications and diagnosis of the resulting compounds using the FT-IR and HNMR spectrum.
Optimized Programs and Methods Required for the Computational Study of Beta Blockers
Authors: Adnanhatem Oraas , Suhail Falah Shareef Abed , Juda Amer Mousa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study was designed to estimate the optimized conditions for the computational study of quantum characteristics of beta blockers. Carvedilol was selected as a representative of beta blockers. Optimized energies and bonds lengths were measured using different methods including PM3, HF and DFT. A comparison has been made between Gaussian and GAMESS programs. The difference in optimized energy values, and the a pproaching of the bonds angle to the optimal values were studied. The results showed that Gaussian software showed higher priority than GAMEES software, which can be obbserved from the differences in the optimized energy values and the approaching of the bonds angles to the optimal values. the obtained results will bedepeneded in all subscuent studies. IR spectroscopic data were employed to select the most appropriate method. three different methods (PM3, HF and DFT) have been used to measure IR, then compared with experimental values of carvedilol. DFT method showed an advantage over the other methodsBased on all above, DFT (B3LYP/6-311G) has been recommended in the computational chemistry calculations study for carvedilol and resemble beta blockers.
Quantitative Determination of some heavy metals in Lipsticks available in Iraqi market
Authors: Mhemeed Amal H. 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The U.S. FDA defines cosmetics as “articles intended to be applied to the human body…for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance.” This includes a large number of preparations that have become an integral part of the modern human daily life, who starts to apply and use routinely from early morning. These products usually consist of mixture of chemical components derived from natural or artificial sources that are not free of toxic element traces resulting of combination of compenents themselves or environmental pollution. This materials such as carcinogens or mutagens or metal components may adversely affect human heals. Because of the lack of adequate studies on this subject, in addition to the fact that heavy metals are toxic substances to the human body so this research was aims to determine the concentrations of some heavy metals in some facial cosmetics (lipstick) that are available in the lraq market, either imported or locally manufactured. We collect 30 samples of lipsticks for 5 trademarks every trademark has 6 colors and applying the method of wet digestion and ashing, we weight 1 g of each sample of lipstick, then prepare the sample with high purity nitric acid 65% then drying and placed in the furnace on heat 550 ° and after cooling has been treated by high purity nitric acid again then determine the concentration of each of lead, cadmium, iron, copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium and zinc using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the concentrations of lead and cadmium, iron, copper, nickel, chromium and zinc in lipstick were higher than the limit value allowed in drinking water, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the iron concentration only surpassed the limit value.
Developed RKM Method for Solving Ninth-Order Ordinary Differential Equations with Applications
Authors: Mechee Mohammed S. , Wali Hazim M. , Mussa Khadiga Ben 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, the development of direct explicit numerical integrators of RK-type for solving a class of ninth-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to develop the computational efficiency of the methods. The objective of this paper is to generalize the numerical integrators of RK type for solving classes of ODEs of orders up to eighth-order ODEs. Using the approach of Taylor-expansion, we have derived the order-conditions (OCs) for RKM integrators. Based on these OCs, developed method of ninth-order with five-stage has been derived. The zero stability of RKM integrator is proven. Stability polynomial of RKM integrator for test problem has been introduced. The advantage and the efficiency of the proposed method have been shown clearly using the numerical results which are agree well with analytical solutions due to the proposed method is more efficient and accurate method.
Study impact the latitude on Covid-19 spread virus by data mining algorithm
Authors: Salman Ali Dawood , Ali Daway AL-farttoosi Hasanain , Jkhayyir Kadhim Abbas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious caused by a new virus, the virus causes respiratory disease with symptoms such as coughing and fever, causes pneumonia in more severe cases. problem statement: The new Corona virus, or what has become known as “COVID-19”, has spread to more than 79 countries outside China, where the Wuhan region is the epicenter of the virus. Until now researchers not discovered vaccine COVID-19. For prevalence observation there are countries has spread the virus significantly, others in an average and other less, with countries until now where the virus hasn’t spread. proposed solution: This research based on studying the impact geographical latitude on knowing the spread of the COVID 19 in confirmed cases. result: To help scientists and researchers whom still to work on discovery the vaccine, taking importance of the zones the spread of the Covid-19. Using Dataset from Kaggle by classification algorithms linear regression data mining to extract a knowledge from data beneficial.
Bio-synthesis of silver nanoparticles from bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia: Their characterization and antibacterial studies
Authors: Saleh Mona Nima , Khoman Alwan Syoof 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Epidemics of infectious acute diseases are caused by bacteria that cause various diseases and the increase of antibiotic resistance, which has encouraged drug companies and researchers to search for new antibacterial agents.. the aim of this study, involved the creation, characterization and antibacterial studies of silver nano-particles by using bacterial culture supernatant of bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia the production. We used an eco-friendly extracellular bio-synthetic method for the production of the silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesis SNPs solution were initially categorized by several techniques, the UV-vi. spectrophotometric record absorbance a powerful peak at 432 nm, analysis (FTIR) Fourier Transformer Infrared and (SEM) Scanning Electron Microscope. The SNPs solution showed anti-microbial activity against different types of pathogenic bacteria that used in the present study: Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli), Gram positive: (Staphylococcus aureus, B. cerius).
Study of the correlation between levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 in plasma and tissues of rats infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hasson Al-Husseini Alaa Mohammad , Mohammed Ghaidaa Jihadi , Saba Falah Kliaf 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
For the importance of the infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa which result in serious illness and the complications that may exceed more than one organ of the body, this study was carried using laboratory animals, rats as a model for the mammals’ animals to detect the levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 in plasma and tissues and the histopathological effects that can be caused by these bacteria in several organs, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and heart. Methods: In this study, we used 24 rats, 12 untreated (negative) group and 12 treated group that injected intrapertonally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa suspension for two periods (1 and 7 days). At the end of experimental period, animals were sacrificed, blood samples were collected and dissected each of lung, liver, spleen, kidney and heart to determine the level of TNF-α and MCP-1 in the plasma and tissues in addition to investigate the histopathological changes. Results: Rats infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused a significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 in the plasma and studied organs tissues in comparison with negative rats. In addition to investigate the positive correlation between TNF-α and MCP-1 levels in both plasma and tissues. Light microscopic examination appeared the structural changes in all studied organs of animal infected with P. aeruginosa for two periods and this change was more acute in 7 days of treated compared with untreated groups, where have normal structure. In lung, infiltrations of inflammatory cells in addition to necrosis and hemorrhage of respiratory units. Liver sections characterized by irregularity architecture structure with congestion of central vein. Also, we proved abnormal texture of spleen tissue and proliferation in central germination of white pulp. In addition to dilation in parts of urinary duct in kidney, including glomerular collapse, infiltration of lymphocytes. For heart, there is a disorganization of myocardium tissues. While all organs slices of negative groups were normal. Conclusions: We conclude from the results of the current study that the infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa can elevate inflammation in most organs of the body by induce over expression of TNF-α and MCP-1, which is reflected negatively on the performance of the function and thus the overall health of the body.
Antimicrobial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles and He-Ne Laser on Bacterium Staphylococcus Aureus in vitro
Authors: Riah Khalid I. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study shows the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) or He-Ne laser (2mw) each of them individually, on Staphylococcus Aureus (S. aureus); also study the dual effect of nanoparticles and laser energy to kill or inhibition of bacterium. He-Ne laser with different time of irradiation and Ag-NPs with different concentrations were used against S. aureus bacterium. The results showed that S. aureus was affected by Ag-NPs especially in high concentration and there was a little effect of He-Ne laser on bacterial growth.
Genetic Association between tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) gene polymorphisms and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Al-Taei Orass. M.Sh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with chronic inflammation of the endothelial lining of the gut. Although, the exact aetiology is not completely understood, combined genetic and immunological factors appear to promote disease initiation and progression. Several studies associated the illness with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on major immunological cytokines such as TNF-alpha and TNF-beta. Thus, the present study aims to investigate TNF-α and TNF-β genes polymorphisms in cases diagnosed with IBD. Subjects and methods:Genomic DNA isolation was performed on isolated buffy coat layers from peripheral blood of 75 individuals. Candidate SNP locations on TNF-α and TNF-β coding sequences were amplified by PCR and sequenced for SNP identification. Results:Genetic examination of TNF-α and TNF-β allele polymorphism revealed significant association with IBD prevalence and disease manifestation, (p=0.002) and (p<0.001) respectively. GA haplotype frequencies were higher in IBD patients when compared to healthy control, being 29(58%) in TNF-α, and 26(52%) in TNF-β of the studied alleles. Similarly, both GG and AA haplotypes of TNF-α showed a strong association with cases diagnosed with ulcerative colitis but not with Crohn’s disease (p=0.007). Additionally, none of the studied haplotypes of both cytokines showed any association with gender or age groups of the included individuals. ConclusioTNF-α (-308G/A) and TNF-β (+252A/G) sequence analysis revealed that cytokines heterogeneities are associated with IBD susceptibility. Early genetic screening for individuals with familial history could provide a better predictive value for IBD initiation and progression, that would essentially help in early diagnosis, management and prevention.
Therapeutic attempt of amoebic dysentery with water extract of Eruca sativa L. in laboratory mice and its histopathological effect
Authors: Mahmoud Zangana Ashraf Jamal , Hassan Erdeni Abid Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract471 fecal samples were collected and percentage of infection with amoeba dysentery was 13.375% for 63 positive samples for all age groups. All samples were taken from Salahuddin General Hospital in Tikrit and its suburbs for period from beginning of October 2018 until end of March 2019. The highest incidence of parasite was recorded in December at 16.091%, the lowest in October was 8.823%, the highest infection rate was in males at 18.627% and in females 9.363%. The highest incidence of males in age group 1-10 years was 40.476%, while the lowest incidence in 21-30 years was 7.142%. The highest infection rate for females was in age group 1-10 years by 16.393%, and lowest rate was among age group 12-30 years with a percentage of 3.448%. The results showed a variation in concentration of lipids, total proteins, triglycerides and some liver enzymes in laboratory mice infected with dysentery amoeba and treated with different concentrations of water extract ofEruca sativaL. using three concentrations (0.5, 1, 2) ml. The microscopic examination of tissue sections showed revealed a dissociation of some lining cells of colon in infected mice, presence of renal glomeruli in cortical tissue in kidney that filled each Bowman purse and on surface of each glomerulus of lymphocytes, and presence of leukocyte infiltration at base of mucous glands and observed extension of this infiltration to smooth muscle layer forming colon wall, colon cavity contained mucus and a number of cysts parasite. In liver, there was an enlargement of hepatic cells and presence of degeneration of nuclei of these cells, and observed lymphocytic infiltration around these blood vessels.
Study of energy spectrum of 116Sn and 116Te nuclei by using surface delta and modified surface delta interactions
Authors: Obeed Fatema H. , Abed Baneen S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, surface delta and modified surface delta interactions have been used by applying the nuclear shell model to calculate values of excitation energies for isotopes of equal mass number containing two nucleons outside the closed core 114Sn, these nuclei are; The isotope (Tin) 116Sn contains two neutrons within the model space (3s1/2, 2d3/2, 1h11/2) and the other isotope is 116Te (Tellurium) contains two protons within the model space (1g7/2, 2d5/2, 3s1/2, 2d3/2, 1h11/2). The current results of the above isotopes are based on using the Fortran 95 program code to program the above two interactions equations to calculate the values of single particles energies, matrix elements in the state of mixing configurations of orbits for and through which it is possible to calculate the eigenvalues, which are necessary to calculate the excited energy of all isotopes used in this study. By comparing the current theoretical results with the practical results, the expected theoretical results appeared to be in good agreement with the practical values, as well as confirmed and determined of the total angular momentum and parities of some unconfirmed and undetermined practical values, in addition to obtaining a new theoretical energy levels were determined of unspecified practical energies and momentum and this increases the theoretical knowledge of the studied isotopes relative to the energy levels.
Spectrum of a non-selfadjoint quantum star graph
Authors: Rivière Gabriel , Royer Julien 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We study the spectrum of a quantum star graph with a non-selfadjoint Robin condition at the central vertex. We first prove that, in the high frequency limit, the spectrum of the Robin Laplacian is close to the usual spectrum corresponding to the Kirchhoff condition. Then, we describe more precisely the asymptotics of the difference in terms of the Barra–Gaspard measure of the graph. This measure depends on the arithmetic properties of the lengths of the edges. As a by-product, this analysis provides a Weyl law for non-selfadjoint quantum star graphs and it gives the asymptotic behaviour of the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues.
Second largest eigenpair statistics for sparse graphs
Authors: Susca Vito A R , Vivo Pierpaolo , Kühn Reimer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We develop a formalism to compute the statistics of the second largest eigenpair of weighted sparse graphs with N ≫ 1 nodes, finite mean connectivity and bounded maximal degree, in cases where the top eigenpair statistics is known. The problem can be cast in terms of optimisation of a quadratic form on the sphere with a fictitious temperature, after a suitable deflation of the original matrix model. We use the cavity and replica methods to find the solution in terms of self-consistent equations for auxiliary probability density functions, which can be solved by an improved population dynamics algorithm enforcing eigenvector orthogonality on-the-fly. The analytical results are in perfect agreement with numerical diagonalisation of large (weighted) adjacency matrices, focussing on the cases of random regular and Erdős–Rényi (ER) graphs. We further analyse the case of sparse Markov transition matrices for unbiased random walks, whose second largest eigenpair describes the non-equilibrium mode with the largest relaxation time. We also show that the population dynamics algorithm with population size N
P does not actually capture the thermodynamic limit N → ∞ as commonly assumed: the accuracy of the population dynamics algorithm has a strongly non-monotonic behaviour as a function of N
P, thus implying that an optimal size

N

P

⋆

=

N

P

⋆

(

N

)

must be chosen to best reproduce the results from numerical diagonalisation of graphs of finite size N.