bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review on economic globalization in relation to the obesity epidemic
Authors: An Ruopeng , Shen Jing , Bullard Tiffany , Han Yu , Qiu Dingyi , Wang Shiman 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis study reviewed evidence linking economic globalization to the obesity epidemic. Keyword/reference search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EconLit, Google Scholar, and BMC Globalization and Health. A total of 16 studies were identified, in which six adopted a cross‐sectional study design, nine adopted a longitudinal study design, and the remaining one adopted a case‐control study design. Thirteen studies assessed the relationship between economic globalization and obesity at the country level, whereas the remaining three analyzed individual‐level data. Fourteen studies found at least one aspect and/or measure of economic globalization to be positively associated with overweight/obesity, one found an inverse association, and the remaining one reported a null finding. Through market deregulation, tariff reduction, and investment liberalization, economic globalization tends to accelerate the market entry of modern food manufacturers, supermarket chains, and fast‐food restaurants, resulting in substantially increased supply of high‐sugar/fat energy‐dense foods with enhanced variety and accessibility and reduced price. The potential impact of economic globalization on obesity through the adoption of modern workplace and domestic technologies and motorized transportation and through changes in social norms and culture were hypothesized in the literature but not empirically examined, which warrants future data‐driven research.
Episodic angioedema with eosinophilia (Gleich syndrome) in children: A clinical review
Authors: Bertrand Valérie , Boccara Olivia , Filhon Bruno , Manca Florian , Lefèvre Guillaume , Groh Matthieu , Kahn Jean‐Emmanuel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundEpisodic angioedema with eosinophilia (EAE, Gleich syndrome) is a rare disease, consisting of recurrent angioedema with hypereosinophilia and frequent increased serum immunoglobulin M levels. Less than 100 patients have been reported, mainly adults, sometimes with underlying lymphocytic variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HESL). The aim of this study was to identify and describe pediatric cases.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of all pediatric cases of EAE referred within the French National Referral Center for Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (CEREO). Next, the PRISMA guidelines were applied in order to perform a systematic review (data sources: PubMed, Web of Science).ResultsAmong the two reported and 15 previously published cases of EAE occurring in children, the main clinical findings mimicked those of adults, including recurrent angioedema, hives, and weight gain. The median time between the first angioedema flare and the diagnosis of EAE was 5 years in published cases. Hypereosinophilia was constant, usually worsening with each attack, but seldom disappeared between flares. Total IgM serum levels were elevated in 16 patients. Four children had evidence of abnormal CD3‐CD4+ T cells. First‐line therapy relied on oral corticosteroids in all patients, and further lines (used in five patients) included interferon‐α, methotrexate, and cyclosporin. Two children developed eosinophilic myocarditis during follow‐up.ConclusionPediatricians should be aware that EAE is a diagnosis to consider in children. T‐cell immunophenotyping is warranted in this setting. Prognosis seems fair, yet eosinophil‐related organ damage may occur in patients with persistent eosinophilia.
A review of stroke in pregnancy: incidence, investigations and management
Authors: Khalid Azriny S , Hadbavna Adriana , Williams David , Byrne Bridgette 
Published: November 2019

Key content

The incidence of stroke in young and middle‐aged adults is increasing, with pregnancy‐related strokes occurring in 30 in 100 000 pregnancies; strokes are three times more common among pregnant than among nonpregnant individuals aged 15–44 years.

The investigation and management of stroke is changing because of the time‐sensitive benefits of thrombolysis and thrombectomy in the acute management of ischaemic stroke.

The approach to clinical assessment and investigation of a pregnant woman presenting with suspected stroke is not different from that of a nonpregnant patient: timely brain imaging and intervention is important to optimise long‐term outcome, and further investigations should be directed towards determining the aetiology and risk factors of stroke.

The ‘time is brain’ approach to treatment is imperative: thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator administered within 4.5 hours of stroke onset significantly improves overall outcome.

Mechanical thrombectomy is appropriate in only 10% of patients with acute ischaemic stroke, but has been shown to improve outcome if performed within 6 hours of onset and can be performed up to 24 hours in highly selected cases.

Trials have largely excluded pregnant women, although thrombolysis can be performed to treat moderate to severe stroke in pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risk of uterine bleeding.

As recurrent strokes occur in 25–30% of cases, identification of risk factors for stroke in a young woman is important as this will direct the approach to secondary prevention and management in future pregnancies.

Learning objectives

To understand the clinical presentation, aetiology and differential diagnosis of stroke in pregnancy.

To know the current recommendations for investigation and management of acute stroke and how they apply to pregnancy.

To understand the secondary prevention of stroke and the safety of these strategies in pregnancy.

To recognise of the importance of multidisciplinary input in the management of pregnancy and delivery in women with stroke.

Ethical issues

There have been no published trials in pregnant women.

How should the maternal and fetal risks be balanced while investigating and treating acute stroke?
Risk of piperacillin‐induced hemolytic anemia in patients with cystic fibrosis and antipseudomonal treatment: a prospective observational study
Authors: Roehmel Jobst , Specht Philip , Staab Doris , Schwarz Carsten , Salama Abdulgabar , Mayer Beate 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUNDDrug‐induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a rare but severe side effect caused by numerous drugs. Case reports and case series suggest that piperacillin‐related DIIHA may be more common among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the prevalence is speculative. The aim of this prospective, observational study was determine the prevalence of DIIHA in such affected patients.METHODS AND MATERIALSPatients with CF hospitalized for parenteral antibiotic therapy at Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, who had previously been exposed to IV antibiotics, were enrolled. Blood samples were collected on Days 3 and 12 of antibiotic treatment courses. Serological studies were performed using standard techniques with gel cards. Screening for drug‐dependent antibodies (ddab) was performed in the presence of the drugs and their urinary metabolites.RESULTSA total of 52 parenteral antibiotic cycles in 43 patients were investigated. Ddab against piperacillin were detected in two patients (4.7%). The direct AHG was positive with anti‐IgG only in both patients. However only one of these patients developed mild immune hemolytic anemia. Both patients had been repeatedly treated with piperacillin without any evident hemolysis. There was no correlation between the exposure to piperacillin and the prevalence of ddab.CONCLUSIONOur prospective study indicates that piperacillin‐induced ddab occur more frequently in patients with CF than previously suggested. The question related to the significance of piperacillin‐dependent antibodies may reflect new aspects in this field.
SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN NINETEENTH‐CENTURY EUROPE: NON‐ANGLO‐AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Navarro Jaume , Tampakis Kostas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis is an introduction to the thematic section on “The Historiography of Science and Religion in Europe,” which resulted from a symposium held at the eighth Conference of the European Society for the History of Science, University College London, UK, from September 14–17, 2018. The introduction provides a brief argument for the decentering of science and religion from the Anglo‐American discourse. It concludes by previewing the contributions of the section's essays.
TEILHARD, THE SIX PROPOSITIONS, AND HUMAN ORIGINS: A RESPONSE
Authors: Grumett David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent archival research has uncovered material that usefully explains why the French Jesuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin was required to remain in China for so long, despite assenting to the Six Propositions. However, the context in Rome, existing narrative evidence, and aspects of the archival evidence make it more likely than not that the Holy Office had a role in his silencing. Proposition 4 advocated monogenism, whereas Teilhard was developing a monophyletic understanding of human origins, which is consistent with recent attempts to situate Adam and Eve within an evolutionary account of these. The content of Proposition 4 exceeded existing magisterial teaching and requiring Teilhard's subscription to it suppressed legitimate theological debate.
HARUN YAHYA'S INFLUENCE IN MUSLIM MINORITY CONTEXTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH IN BRITAIN, EUROPE, AND BEYOND
Authors: Moran Glen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn 2006, the Turkish Harun Yahya Enterprise published and distributed thousands of copies of its anti‐evolutionary textAtlas of Creationto educational institutes in the West. Although this was little more than a publicity stunt, it resulted in Harun Yahya becoming a mainstay in discussions about creationism in Europe. Although Yahya is often presented as the “go to” representative of European Muslim perceptions of evolution, one would be hard pressed to find the literature about Islamic creationism in Europe that does not engage in a discussion of Harun Yahya. However, little evidence exists to support the notion that Harun Yahya warrants such extensive attention, or that Harun Yahya has a substantive influence among European Muslims. This article will explore existing claims about the popularity of Harun Yahya, before drawing on recent research into Muslim perceptions of evolution to argue that Harun Yahya is relatively unknown among Muslims, at least in the British context, and is not influential even among those who are familiar with his work.
DRAPER IN SPAIN: THE CONFLICTING CIRCULATION OF THE CONFLICT THESIS
Authors: Navarro Jaume 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article delves into the reception of John W. Draper's History of the Conflict between Religion and Science in Spain. With two translations into Spanish appearing almost simultaneously in 1876, the conflict became a weapon in a long political dispute. The tensions between conservatives and liberals, between monarchists and republicans had the university and pedagogical reforms as one of the main battlefields. One of the chief reformist movements was informed by “Krausism,” an ideology that had academic freedom as one if its central tenets. The similarities between the educational agenda of Draper and that of Krausists explain why the former's book resonated among members of the latter group. The article argues that in order to understand the reception of Draper in Spain, one should pay attention to the disputes about national identity and educational reforms, so as to place the so‐called conflict thesis in the context of opposing Spanish patriotisms.
“SERVING GOD, FATHERLAND, AND LANGUAGE”: ALCOVER, CATALAN, AND SCIENCE
Authors: Ceba Herrero Agustín , March Noguera Joan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article intends to contribute to the science–religion historiography with two topics—philology and the construction of national identities—that can help provide a more complex picture of the relations between science and religion. We use the life and work of the Mallorcan Catholic priest Antoni Maria Alcover (1862–1932) as a case study that puts language, linguistics, and nationalism on the board of science and religion studies. Alcover was the main driving force of the Catalan Dictionary, a collective enterprise that set out to inventory the complete oral and literary lexicon of this language, and which mobilized thousands of people, many of which were clergymen, from all over the Catalan‐speaking territories. In the article, we will explore Alcover's education; the way he established a link between language, religion, and fatherland; the shaping of his identity as a philologist in the image mainly of new German notions and practices; as well as his role in the institutionalization process of the Catalan language as a scientific language, as a language for science and for religion.
SCIENCE AND RELIGION AS LANGUAGES: UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE–RELIGION RELATIONSHIP USING METAPHORS, ANALOGIES, AND MODELS
Authors: Lee Amy H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany scholars often use the terms “metaphors,” “analogies,” and “models” interchangeably and inadvertently overlook the uniqueness of each word. According to recent cognitive studies, the three terms involve distinct cognitive processes using features from a familiar concept and applying them to an abstract, complicated concept. In the field of science and religion, there have been various objects or ideas used as metaphors, analogies, or models to describe the science–religion relationship. Although these heuristic tools provided some understanding of the complex interaction, they failed to address the broad nature of science and religion as well as the multifarious relationship between the two in a sociocultural context. Unlike the previous candidates, the concept of language, including the notions of linguistic worldview, linguistic identity, dialects, power, and bilingualism, offers a unique and comprehensive window through which science, religion, and the relationship between the two are seen with clarity.
A Novel Vortex Identification Technique Applied to the 3D Flow Field of a High-Pressure Turbine
Authors: Pátý Marek , Lavagnoli Sergio 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The efficiency of modern axial turbomachinery is strongly driven by the secondary flows within the vane or blade passages. The secondary flows are characterized by a complex pattern of vortical structures that origin, interact, and dissipate along the turbine gas path. The endwall flows are responsible for the generation of a significant part of the overall turbine loss because of the dissipation of secondary kinetic energy and mixing out of nonuniform momentum flows. The understanding and analysis of secondary flows requires a reliable vortex identification technique to predict and analyze the impact of specific turbine designs on the turbine performance. However, the literature shows a remarkable lack of general methods to detect vortices and to determine the location of their cores and to quantify their strength. This paper presents a novel technique for the identification of vortical structures in a general 3D flow field. The method operates on the local flow field, and it is based on a triple decomposition of motion proposed by Kolář. In contrast to a decomposition of velocity gradient into the strain and vorticity tensors, this method considers a third, pure shear component. The subtraction of the pure shear tensor from the velocity gradient remedies the inherent flaw of vorticity-based techniques, which cannot distinguish between rigid rotation and shear. The triple decomposition of motion serves to obtain a 3D field of residual vorticity whose magnitude is used to define vortex regions. The present method allows to locate automatically the core of each vortex, to quantify its strength, and to determine the vortex bounding surface. The output may be used to visualize the turbine vortical structures for the purpose of interpreting the complex three-dimensional viscous flow field and to highlight any case-to-case variations by quantifying the vortex strength and location. The vortex identification method is applied to a high-pressure turbine with three optimized blade tip geometries. The 3D flow field is obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations performed with Numeca FINE/Open. The computational model uses steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations closed by the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. Although developed for turbomachinery applications, the vortex identification method proposed in this work is of general applicability to any three-dimensional flow field.
Solar Desalination Based on Micro Gas Turbines Driven by Parabolic Dish Collectors
Authors: Sánchez David , Rollán Miguel , García-Rodríguez Lourdes , Martínez Gonzalo S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the preliminary design and techno-economic assessment of an innovative solar system for the simultaneous production of water and electricity at small scale, based on the combination of a solar micro gas turbine (mGT) and a bottoming desalination unit. To assess this system, a design model is developed to select the main design parameters for two different desalination technologies, reverse osmosis (RO), and multi-effect distillation (MED), aiming to exploit the available electricity and waste heat from the turbine, respectively. The results show that, from a thermodynamic standpoint, it is possible to exceed 65% solar energy utilization if both electricity and waste heat are used to produce fresh water. Nevertheless, the better thermodynamic performance of the fully integrated system does not translate into a more economical production of water. Indeed, the cost of water turns out lower when coupling the solar microturbine and reverse osmosis units only (between 3 and 3.5 €/m3), while making further use of the available waste heat in a multi-effect distillation system rises the cost of water by 15%.
Big League Social Media: Cultivating Community Online
Authors: Weingartz Ashley N. , Warner Stacy 
Published: November 2019

This case addresses a timely problem many non-profit sport organizations face: social media management. Due to a lack of resources and technical skills, many organizations fail to effectively utilize social media. This case focuses on the challenges of social media integration in Greenville Little Leagues (GLL), a chartered member of Little League International. Little League International is a global non-profit sports organization comprised of local league members such as GLL. This case focuses on a dilemma an intern with GLL must solve regarding social media and its annual tournament. The case outlines the organizational details regarding GLL’s operation and annual tournament, as well as their current social media strategy. This case provides an opportunity for students to: 1) examine effective tactics for using social media to develop community, 2) develop strategies non-profit sport organizations could use to promote community building, 3) identify cost-effective social media tactics for engaging a rapidly changing audience, and 4) articulate how to effectively utilize volunteers to share social media responsibilities. The case is intended for use in event management, organizational behavior, and/or marketing courses and provides an opportunity to highlight how research can and should inform practice.
Neighbourhood greenspace and physical activity and sedentary behaviour among older adults with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: a prospective analysis
Authors: Chong Shanley , Mazumdar Soumya , Ding Ding , Morgan Geoff , Comino Elizabeth Jean , Bauman Adrian , Jalaludin Bin 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesGreenspace is one of the important factors that can promote an active lifestyle. Thus, greener surroundings may be a motivating factor for people with newly diagnosed diabetes to engage in more physical activity. Given that diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) may serve as a window opportunity for behavioural modification, we hypothesise that the association between neighbourhood greenspace and physical activity among people with newly diagnosed T2D may be greater than those not diagnosed with T2D. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between access to greenspace and changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour, and whether these associations differed by T2D.DesignProspective cohort.SettingNew South Wales, Australia.MethodsWe used self-reported information from the New South Wales 45 and Up Study (baseline) and a follow-up study. Information on sitting, walking and moderate to vigorous physical activity was used as outcomes. The proportion of greenspace within 500 m, 1 km and 2 km road network buffers around participant’s residential address was generated as a proxy measure for access to greenspace. The association between the access to greenspace and the outcomes were explored among the newly diagnosed T2D group and those without T2D.ResultsAmong New T2D, although no significant changes were found in the amount of walking with the percentage of greenspace, increasing trends were apparent. There was no significant association between the percentage of greenspace and changes in amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Among No T2D, there were no significant associations between the amount of MVPA and walking, and percentage of greenspace. For changes in sitting time, there were no significant associations with percentage of greenspace regardless of buffer size.ConclusionsIn this study, there was no association between access to greenspace at baseline and change in walking, MVPA and sitting time, regardless of T2D status.
Cohort profile: the Danish Work Life Course Cohort study (DaWCo)
Authors: Svane-Petersen Annemette Coop , Framke Elisabeth , Sørensen Jeppe Karl , Rugulies Reiner , Madsen Ida Elisabeth Huitfeldt 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe Danish Work Life Course Cohort (DaWCo) was initiated to study relations between working conditions, health and labour market affiliation using repeated measures of these factors throughout the working life, while accounting for health-differences pre-existing labour market entry.ParticipantsThe cohort encompasses all 15–30-year-old individuals residing in Denmark who entered the labour market during the years 1995–2009 (960 562 individuals and 7 136 188 observations). Data include information on working conditions measured by job exposure matrices linked with registers on health, labour market affiliation and sociodemographics for both the cohort members and their parents. The median age at cohort entry was 20 years and men and women were equally represented.Findings to dateCurrently, one study has been published, which found that low job control was associated with increased risk of depressive disorder, independently from indicators of socioeconomic position measured throughout the life-course. The present cohort profile presents data regarding the transitions of cohort members between states of labour market affiliation and data on health services use. All cohort members were employed in their year of entry, but this proportion decreased across the years to 82.4% in the 10th year since cohort entry. The proportion of students peaked at 5 years since cohort entry with 13.9%.Future plansThis large prospective cohort offers the possibility to study associations between psychosocial working conditions and rare outcomes and to examine the potential accumulation of effects while accounting for health-differences pre-existing labour market entry. Currently, we are working on analyses on risk of hospital-diagnosed incident depression and disability pensioning. The study is ongoing, and we are planning to extend the study to include the years 2010–2018 and expand the cohort with individuals entering the Danish workforce during these years.