bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Peptide MPX&nbsp;Against Escherichia Coli O157:H7&nbsp;Infection and Inhibiting inﬂammation, Enhancing Epithelial Barrier and Promoting Nutrient Absorption in the Intestine
Authors: Zhao Xue qin , Wang Lei , Zhu Chun ling , Xia Xiao jing , Zhang Shou ping , Wang Yi min , Zhang Hui hui , Xu Yan zhao , Chen Shi jun , Jiang Jin qing , He Yong hui , Zhang Gai ping , Bai Yue yu , Fotina Hanna , Hu Jian he 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli can cause intestinal diseases in humans and livestock, destroy the intestinal barrier, exacerbate systemic inflammation, and seriously threaten human health and animal husbandry development. The antimicrobial peptide MPX is extracted from venom and possesses good antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate whether MPX could be effective against E. coli infection. Results: In this study, the CCK-8 and lactic dehydrogenase results showed that MPX exhibited no toxicity in IPEC-J2 cells even at a concentration of 128 µg/mL. Furthermore, MPX notably suppressed the levels of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase and LDH induced by E. coli and reduced inflammation by inhibiting the p-p38-, TLR4- and p-p65-dependent pathways. In addition, MPX improved the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin and enhanced the wound healing ability of IPEC-J2 cells. The therapeutic effect of MPX was evaluated in a murine model, and the results showed that MPX could protect mice against lethal infection with E. coli, improve the survival rate of the mice, and reduce the colonization of E. coli in organs and feces. H&E staining showed that MPX increased the length of villi and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the jejunum, and the effect of MPX was better than that of enrofloxacin. The SEM and TEM results showed that MPX effectively ameliorated the damage caused by E. coli to the jejunum and increased the number and length of microvilli. In addition, real-time PCR revealed that MPX decreased the expression of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in the jejunum and colon. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies revealed that MPX could reduce the expression of p-p38 and p-p65 in the jejunum, thereby reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors. Moreover, MPX increased the mRNA and protein expression of ZO-1, occludin and MUC2 in the jejunum and colon, improved the function of the intestinal barrier and promoted the absorption of nutrients. Conclusion: This study suggests that MPX may be an effective therapeutic agent against E. coli infection and other intestinal diseases, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs for bacterial infections.
Validity of the COPD-6® Device for COPD Screening in the Primary Care Setting of China
Authors: Chen Shuyun , Li Xiaochen , Wang Zihui , Zhou Yumin , Zhao Dongxing , Zhao Zhuxiang , Liu Sha , Ran Pixin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The use of simple and affordable screening tools for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. We aimed to assess the validity of a handheld expiratory flow meter (COPD-6®, Vitalograph Ltd., Ireland) for COPD screening in Chinese primary care settings.Methods: In our cross-sectional study, subjects were randomly selected in eight primary care settings. Testing with the Vitalograph-COPD-6® and conventional spirometry were sequentially performed on subjects. The correlation between COPD-6® and conventional spirometry was determined. Validity was analyzed by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) / forced expiratory volume in six seconds (FEV6) that used to detect airway obstruction. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratio were calculated according to different FEV1/FEV6 cut-off points.Results: 229 subjects (15.4%) were diagnosed with airflow limitation by standard spirometry. FEV1, FEV6, and FEV1/FEV6 measured by COPD-6® were correlated with FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC measured by spirometry (r=0.889, 0.835and 0.647, p<0.001), respectively. AUC of the FEV1/FEV6 to determine airflow obstruction was 0.857 (95%CI: 0.826 to 0.888). No significant difference of AUC was observed between the symptomatic group and the asymptomatic population (AUC=0.869 vs. 0.843, P=0.425). A similar phenomenon was found in the AUC of smokers and never-smokers (AUC=0.862 vs.0.840; P=0.515). The value of AUC was largest (i.e., 0.80) when the cut-off point for FEV1/FEV6 was 0.77.Conclusions: The handheld COPD-6® could be used as a pre-screening device on early diagnosis of COPD in Chinese primary care settings.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluating the Five Escherichia coli Derivative Strains as Platform for Arginine Deiminase Overproduction
Authors: Abdollahi Sara , Morowvat Mohammad Hossein , Savardashtaki Amir , Irajie Cambyz , Najafipour Sohrab , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most preferred host microorganisms for the production of recombinant proteins due to its well-characterized genome, availability of various expression vectors and host strains. Choosing a proper host strain for the overproduction of a desired recombinant protein is very important because of the diversity of genetically modified expression strains. This study attempted to evaluate the five host strains including BL21 (DE3), Rosetta (DE3), DH5α, XL1-BLUE and SHuffle in terms of arginine deiminase (ADI) production and enzyme activity. Arginine deiminase (ADI) was chosen a bacterial enzyme which degrades L-arginine. It is effective in treatment of some types of human cancers like melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) which are arginine-auxotrophic. Five mentioned E. coli strains were cultivated. The pET-3a was used as the expression vector. The competent E. coli cells were obtained through CaCl 2 method. It was then transformed with the construct of pET3a-ADI using heat shock strategy. The ADI production levels were examined by 10% SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability of host strains for expression of the requested recombinant protein was compared. The enzymatic activity of the obtained recombinant ADI from each studied strain was assessed by a colorimetric 96-well microtiter plate assay. All the five strains exhibited a significant band at 46 kDa. BL21 (DE3) produced the highest amount of ADI protein followed by Rosetta (DE3). The following activity assay showed that ADI from BL21 (DE3) and Rosetta (DE3) had the most activity. There are some genetic and metabolic differences among the various E. coli strains, leading to differences in the amount of recombinant protein production. The results of this study can be used for the efficacy evaluation of the five studied strains for the production of similar pharmaceutical enzymes. The strains also could be analyzed in terms of proteomics.
The Effect of Quality of Medical Service on Patient Satisfaction and Intent to Revisit: For Public Hub Hospitals in Republic of Korea
Authors: WOO SELIN , CHOI MANKYU 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to construct and test structural equation modeling of the causal relationship between quality of healthcare, patient satisfaction, and intent to revisit perceived by patients using regional hub public hospitals.Methods: In this study, data of 2,951 outpatients and 3,135 inpatients were collected using the “2018 Regional Hub Public Hospital Operational Evaluation.” A structural equation model was used to understand the relationship between patient satisfaction and intent to revisit, and bootstrap analysis was performed.Results: In the direct effect, outpatients were presented in the order of doctor's communication, hospital environment, and patient satisfaction. Inpatients are doctor’s communication, staff consideration, and patient satisfaction are shown in this order. In the indirect effect, the outpatients were presented in the order of doctor's communication, staff consideration, and the hospital's environment. Inpatients were presented in the order of staff consideration, nurse’s communication, doctor’s communication, and patient satisfaction.Conclusions: Regional hub public hospitals need high-quality medical services and efforts from all departments to treat patients with sincerity to improve patient satisfaction and increase intent to revisit.
The Potentials of Three Writing Modalities in Development and Sustained Development of Grammatical and Lexical Accuracy of Writing Performance
Authors: Zenouzagh Zohre Mohamadi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the development and sustained development of grammatical and lexical accuracy in three writing modalities of individual, collaborative and e-collaborative writing. To this end, 90 Iranian Intermediate EFL learners were selected according to the participants' scores on a writing pretest.. Participants were assigned into the research groups e on the basis of convenient sampling. The writing performances in three groups of individual, collaborative and e-collaborative writing performance were measured on pretest, posttest and delayed posttests. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that participants’ writing performance in individual writing F (5, 38) = 16.06, p = .000, partial η2 = .679 representing a large effect size) and collaborative writing (F (5, 38) = 17.64, p = .000, partial η2 = .699 representing a large effect size) were sustainably improved in terms of grammatical and lexical accuracy. MANOVA results also indicated that participants writing performances in E-collaborative writing (F (5, 38) = 8.64, p = .000, partial η2 = .532 representing a large effect size) were improved and the improvement was sustained with respect to grammatical accuracy but not lexical accuracy. The post hoc comparison indicated that that collaborative writing was the most effective mode of writing as far as grammatical and lexical accuracy were concerned. The results have significant implications for teaching practitioners.
Risk of stroke after unilateral or bilateral TKA (simultaneous and staged without discharge) in 327,438 matched patients using data from the National Health Insurance Claims for South Korea
Authors: Han Seung-Beom , Yoon Jung-Ro , Cheong Ji-Young , Shin Young-Soo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited data is available regarding the incidence rate and risk factors for stroke associated with unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and bilateral TKA. This study aims to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of stroke in patients treated with bilateral TKA compared with patients with unilateral TKA.Methods: In this retrospective nationwide cohort study, we compared patients undergoing unilateral TKA or bilateral TKA using data from the Korean National Health Insurance claims database between January 1, 2009 and August 31, 2017 and included patients older than 40 years of age who underwent primary TKA by the index date as documented primary diagnosis and first additional diagnosis without a history of stroke during the preceding 1 year. We used matched Cox regression models to compare the incidence rate and risk factors of newly acquired stroke among patients treated with unilateral TKA or bilateral TKA after propensity score (PS) matching.Results: In the present study, 163,719 patients who received unilateral TKA were matched to 163,719 patients with bilateral TKA (simultaneous and staged without discharge) based on PS. The risk of stroke during the study period was lower in patients treated with bilateral TKA than in patients with unilateral TKA (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.79; P<0.001). Patients who received bilateral TKA were at decreased risk of stroke when the following variables were present: advanced age (70-79 years, HR 0.76; P<0.001), female sex (HR 0.75; P<0.001), rural area (HR 0.77; P<0.001), small- or medium-sized hospital (HR 0.75; P<0.001), health insurance (HR 0.77; P<0.001), history of hypertension drug use (HR 0.75; P<0.001), congestive heart failure (HR 0.70; P=0.032), connective tissue disease (HR 0.71; P=0.01), diabetes (HR 0.77; P<0.001), and diabetes with complication (HR 0.76; P=0.034).Conclusions: The risk of stroke was lower in patients treated with bilateral TKA (simultaneous and staged without discharge) than in patients with unilateral TKA. Patients treated with bilateral TKA were at decreased risk of stroke when the following variables were present: age (70-79 years), female sex, health insurance, history of hypertension drug use, and comorbidities, such as congestive heart failure, connective tissue disease, and diabetes. More importantly, we do state that those with simultaneous bilateral TKA and staged bilateral TKA without discharge could have been healthier. This is precisely what the guidelines will implement by South Korea for patient selection aim to do and our data show that the risk of stroke is not increased in selected patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKA (SiBTKA) and staged bilateral TKA (StBTKA) without discharge.
Clinical Analysis of Classification for Tibial Plateau Fractures and Popliteal Artery Injury
Authors: Yao Yilun , Wu Xiaoshu , Wu Lei , Yang Lei , Jiang Chunzhi , Yang Wengbo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background To explore the association between the classification for tibial plateau fractures (TPF) and the popliteal artery injury (PAI).Methods 22 TPF patients accompanied by PAI who were treated from May 2012 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 19 males and 3 females with an average age of 49.43 years. The Schatzker classification and three-column classification were performed for TPF. The severity of extremity injury was evaluated using the mangled extremity severity score (MESS). Except 3 patients treated with amputation, the remaining patients underwent surgical repair of popliteal artery and fracture external fixation. The outcome was evaluated using the Rasmussen score for tibial head fractures.Results There were 10 cases of Schatzker type IV fractures, 1 case of type V fractures and 11 cases of type VI fractures. Based on the three-column classification, the posterior column was involved in 22 cases, 2 columns in 15 cases and 3 columns in 6 cases. The MESS was 6-10 points, with an average of 7.59 points. Except 1 case directly receiving amputation, 3 cases of segment P1 injury was observed via preoperative DSA + intraoperative exploration, while segment P2 in 6 cases and segment P3 in 12 cases. Popliteal artery was found completely ruptured in 11 cases, partially ruptured in 1 case, and severely contused with thrombosis in 10 cases. The Rasmussen score was given to 19 patients at the last follow-up, except for the cases undergoing amputation. The outcome was satisfied in 14 cases, unsatisfied in 5 cases.Conclusion: In patients with complex TPF, the risk of PAI becomes higher with the increase of Schatzker classification level. Knee CT scan is helpful in determining the severity of fractures and evaluating PAI. Based on the three-column classification, PAI should be suspected when the fractures involve the medial and posterior column.PAI is mainly in the segment P3, and artery rupture or severe contusion with extensive thrombosis may occur.
Near-optimal rotation of colour space by zebrafish cones in vivo
Authors: Baden Tom , Yoshimatsu Takeshi , Bartel Philipp , Schroeder Cornelius , Janiak Filip , St-Pierre Francois , Berens Philipp 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
For colour vision, retinal circuits must separate information about intensity and wavelength. This requires circuit-level comparison of at least two spectrally distinct photoreceptors. However, many vertebrates use four or more, and in those cases the nature and implementation of this computation remains poorly understood. Here, we establish the complete circuit architecture and function of outer retinal circuits underlying colour processing in the tetrachromatic larval zebrafish. Our findings reveal that the specific spectral tunings of the four cone types near optimally rotate the encoding of natural daylight in a principal component analysis (PCA)-like manner to yield one primary achromatic axis, two colour-opponent axes as well as a secondary UV-achromatic axis for prey capture. We note that fruit flies – the only other tetrachromat species where comparable circuit-level information is available - use essentially the same strategy to extract spectral information from their relatively blue-shifted terrestrial visual world. Together, our results suggest that rotating colour space into achromatic and chromatic axes at the eye’s first synapse may be a fundamental principle of colour vision when using more than two spectrally well-separated photoreceptor types.
Adherence to Treatment, Arterial Stiffness and Cognitive Function in Irbesartan- Treated Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Kalaitzidis Rigas G. , Balafa Olga , Dounousi Evangelia , Stagikas Dimitrios , Tsimihodimos Vasilios 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
Non-adherence to antihypertensive agents leads to reduced blood pressure
(BP) control. Data supporting the correlation of adherence with arterial stiffness (AS) are few. Furthermore,
the causal relationship between AS and cognitive dysfunction (CO/DY) has not been
clearly established. It is suggested that angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) exhibit the lowest
discontinuation rate among antihypertensive drugs.

Design and Methods:
We followed up with patients receiving monotherapy with irbesartan.
CO/DY was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MΜSE) and other tests.

Results:
Patients [n=77; mean age: 56±11 years; 39 men (50.6%)] were followed-up for 16.1±10.9
months. At the end of follow up, significant reductions were observed in mean peripheral systolic
BP (135±117 vs 153±11 mmHg; p<0.005), mean peripheral diastolic BP (85±11 vs 95±10 mmHg;
p<0.005), mean central systolic BP (130±11 vs 142±12 mmHg; p<0.005) as well as in mean central
diastolic BP (85±8 vs 95±97 mmHg; p<0.005).

:
AS indices [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index] also improved significantly:
7.7±1.4 vs 8.2±1.4 m/sec (p<0.005), and 29.1±8.3 vs 32.3±9.1 (p<0.005), respectively.

:
At the end of the study, a significant improvement was observed in the MMSE test (29.7±0.7 vs.
29.2±0.9; p<0.02), as well as a significant reduction in 24h urine albumin (94±82 vs. 204±112
mg/24h, p<0.005).

:
The level of adherence was high in 60/77 (77.9%), medium in 9/77 (11.6%) and low in 8/77
(10.38%) patients.

Conclusions:
Hypertensive patients receiving mono-therapy with an ARB showed reduced AS, cognitive
improvement, significant reductions in BP (peripheral and central) and decreased 24h urinary
albumin excretion.
Prevalence of Mental Illnesses in Domestic Violence Police Records: Text Mining Study
Authors: Karystianis George , Simpson Annabeth , Adily Armita , Schofield Peter , Greenberg David , Wand Handan , Nenadic Goran , Butler Tony 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe New South Wales Police Force (NSWPF) records details of significant numbers of domestic violence (DV) events they attend each year as both structured quantitative data and unstructured free text. Accessing information contained in the free text such as the victim’s and persons of interest (POI's) mental health status could be useful in the better management of DV events attended by the police and thus improve health, justice, and social outcomes.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to present the prevalence of extracted mental illness mentions for POIs and victims in police-recorded DV events.MethodsWe applied a knowledge-driven text mining method to recognize mental illness mentions for victims and POIs from police-recorded DV events.ResultsIn 416,441 police-recorded DV events with single POIs and single victims, we identified 64,587 events (15.51%) with at least one mental illness mention versus 4295 (1.03%) recorded in the structured fixed fields. Two-thirds (67,582/85,880, 78.69%) of mental illnesses were associated with POIs versus 21.30% (18,298/85,880) with victims; depression was the most common condition in both victims (2822/12,589, 22.42%) and POIs (7496/39,269, 19.01%). Mental illnesses were most common among POIs aged 0-14 years (623/1612, 38.65%) and in victims aged over 65 years (1227/22,873, 5.36%).ConclusionsA wealth of mental illness information exists within police-recorded DV events that can be extracted using text mining. The results showed mood-related illnesses were the most common in both victims and POIs. Further investigation is required to determine the reliability of the mental illness mentions against sources of diagnostic information.
The conditions for learning musical interpretation in one-to-one piano tuition in higher music education
Authors: Holmgren Carl 
Published: November 2020

Research has indicated that one-to-one teaching in higher music education in Western classical music typically favours technical over interpretive aspects of musicianship, and imitation of the teacher’s rather than the student’s explorative interpretation. The aim of the present study is to investigate students’ and teachers’ understandings of how musical interpretation of Western classical music is learned in this context. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with six piano students and four teachers in Sweden were conducted and hermeneutically analysed using haiku poems and poetical condensations. The analysis found that the conditions for learning musical interpretation centred upon students achieving a high level of autonomy, as affected by three key aspects of teaching and learning: (1) the student’s and the teacher’s understandings of what musical interpretation is, (2) the student’s experience of freedom of interpretation as acknowledged by the teacher, and (3) (expectations of) the student’s explorative approach. As none of these aspects were reported as being explicitly addressed during lessons, there might be a need for both teachers and students to verbalise them more clearly to support piano students’ development.
The Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Increasing Prospective Physics Teacher Students’ Learning Motivation and Problem-Solving Ability
Authors: Suma Ketut , Suwindra I.N.P , Sujanem Rai 
Published: November 2020

Advances in information technology have led to innovative learning methods that combine traditional and online learning, known as blended learning. This pre-experimental study aims to analyze the effectiveness of blended learning in increasing prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability. There were 14 students who participated in this study. They were involved in 70% of face-to-face learning and 30% in online learning. The data of learning motivation were collected by the questioner and the data of problem-solving ability were collected by test. The research hypotheses were tested by non-parametric statistics, namely the sign test. The results of the study indicate that the pre-test score mean of learning motivation was 67.21 (SD= 5.45), which was in the medium level and the post-test score mean was 74.98 (SD=5.93), which was at a high level. The pre-test score means of problem-solving was 33. 43 (SD = 4.90) which was at a low-level and the post-test score mean was 63.54 (SD =2.35), which was at a moderate level. The one side sign test shows the calculated ZC= 3.43, which was higher than standard Z at a 5% significance level. The mean score of prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability between before and after learning was significantly different. From this finding can be concluded that blended learning effective in increasing prospective physics teacher students’ learning motivation and problem-solving ability.