bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN HAIRY ROOTS OF ASTRAGALUS PENDULIFLORUS LAM.
Authors: Ambros Elena Valerievna , Kotsupiy Ol'ga Viktorovna , Kukushkina Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna , Zheleznichenko Tat'yana Vital'yevna , Novikova Tat'yana Ivanovna 
Published: August 2020

Agrobacterium rhizogenes – mediated genetic transformation of medicinal plant A. penduliflorus Lam. using A4-RT, R-1601, 15834 SWISS strains was performed. The competences for transformation of three types of explants: hypocotyls, cotyledons, and primary shoots were tested. The virulent strain (15834 SWISS) and types of explants for transformation (primary shoots and cotyledons) with high growth index (I) were determined. The frequency of transformation of cotyledons by strain 15834 SWISS after 4 weeks of cultivation was 15.4% (I = 59.6), hypocotyls – 9.1% (I = 7.3) and primary shoots – 37.5% (I = 21.0). After 8 weeks of cultivation I increased 4.5 times for primary shoots (I = 94.5 ± 0.20) and cotyledons (I = 265.8 ± 0.35), for cultures from hypocotyls – 5.97 times (I = 43.6 ± 0.30). The roots’ transgenic status and the absence of agrobacterium contamination were confirmed by PCR analysis using rolB-, virC-specific primers. The lines of hairy roots characterized by active increases of biomass with high content of biologically active metabolites were selected, moreover, the content of metabolites in hairy root cultures exceeded their content in the roots of introduced plants. The maximum accumulation of compounds was found in hairy roots obtained from primary shoots (pectins – up 7.8%, protopectins – up 15.3%) and cotyledons (tannins – up 16.1%, triterpenic saponins – up 30.5%) after 8 weeks of cultivation. High perfor-mance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis demonstrated that hydrolysates of extracts of hairy roots from primary shoots contained 2 flavonol aglycones – quercetin and isorhamnetin whereas ethanol extracts were characterized by presence of quercetin and 4 flavonoid components. In hairy roots from cotyledons the maximum of phenolic compounds (PСs) content did not differ significantly at 8 and 12 weeks of cultivation (1.38 ± 0.01 and 1.49 ± 0.06% of dry weight, respectively). The content of PCs in hairy roots from primary shoots increased two-fold from 4 to 12 weeks of cultivation (up 1.24 ± 0.18%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first efficient protocol reported for the establishment of hairy root cultures in A. penduliflorus using A. rhizogenes.
ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE DE ATUALIZAÇÃO CADASTRAL DE BASES 1:2000 DO MUNICÍPIO DO RIO DE JANEIRO ATRAVÉS DE MOSAICOS DE IMAGENS ORBITAIS DE ALTA RESOLUÇÃO
Authors: Teixeira Coelho Filho Luiz Carlos , Pena Bittencourt Silas , Nunes e Silva Brito Jorge Luís 
Published: August 2020

Imagens orbitais de alta resolução já são de uso habitual para profissionais degeotecnologias, pois há muito potencial para o mapeamento urbano a partir doprocessamento fotogramétrico dessas imagens. Tendo em vista a necessidade deatualização da base vetorial do Instituto Pereira Passos (IPP), o objetivo principaldesse trabalho de conclusão de curso é estudar a viabilidade na atualização de basesvetoriais com a utilização de imagens do sistema WorldView-2, como substituto aoortomosaico de imagens fotogramétricas obtidas por aerolevantamentos. Comoobjetivo secundário, o presente trabalho realiza uma comparação entre as correçõesrealizadas e as respectivas incertezas a elas associadas. A metodologia desenvolvidano trabalho ora apresentada utilizará dados provenientes de LIDAR, imagenssensoriadas em nível orbital e em nível de aerolevantamentos por aeronavestripuladas, determinação de pontos de apoio e de verificação, em campo, porintermédio de técnicas de geodésia espacial (GNSS), além de bases cartográficasvetoriais. A área de estudo localiza-se na região urbana da cidade do Rio de Janeiro e reúne diversos bairros da Zona Norte, por possuir mais pontos de apoio de campo. Como resultado, foi possível atingir precisõescompatíveis com as classes C da escala 1:5000 e B da escala 1:10000.
Specific Phobias: Maintaining Control in the Face of Chaotic Threats
Authors: Rothschild Zachary K. , Hauri Julianna , Keefer Lucas A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Drawing on existential psychology we examine the possibility that specific phobias can serve a psychological function. Specifically, we propose that phobic objects allow individuals to focalize anxieties about haphazard existential threats into a more manageable form, reducing perceptions of risk and bolstering control. Method: We tested this by assessing perceived control among participants with varying levels of spider fear who were reminded of chaotic hazards (or not) and exposed to spiders images (or not). Results: Study 1 (N = 940) found that among those high in spider fear, salient uncontrollable threats (vs. controllable threats or uncontrollable non-threats) reduced feelings of control unless participants were exposed to their phobic object. Similarly, exposure to spider (vs. non-spider) images bolstered perceived control in the face of salient hazards, but only for those high in spider fear. A second preregistered study (N = 1349) found that the palliative effects of focusing on a phobic object were partially explained by a decreased concern with haphazard harms. Discussion: This supports the premise that phobic objects help to maintain control by narrowing the source of disordered risks, creating a more controllable conception of reality.
Can a Population Targeted by a CRISPR-Based Homing Gene Drive Be Rescued?
Authors: Rode Nicolas O , Courtier-Orgogozo Virginie , Débarre Florence 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
CRISPR-based homing gene drive is a genetic control technique aiming to modify or eradicate natural populations. This technique is based on the release of individuals carrying an engineered piece of DNA that can be preferentially inherited by the progeny. The development of countermeasures is important to control the spread of gene drives, should they result in unanticipated damages. One proposed countermeasure is the introduction of individuals carrying a brake construct that targets and inactivates the drive allele but leaves the wild-type allele unaffected. Here we develop models to investigate the efficiency of such brakes. We consider a variable population size and use a combination of analytical and numerical methods to determine the conditions where a brake can prevent the extinction of a population targeted by an eradication drive. We find that a brake is not guaranteed to prevent eradication and that characteristics of both the brake and the drive affect the likelihood of recovering the wild-type population. In particular, brakes that restore fitness are more efficient than brakes that do not. Our model also indicates that threshold-dependent drives (drives that can spread only when introduced above a threshold) are more amenable to control with a brake than drives that can spread from an arbitrary low introduction frequency (threshold-independent drives). Based on our results, we provide practical recommendations and discuss safety issues.
Notes on Australasian Orchids 6: A new species of Rhizanthella (Diurideae, subtribe Prasophyllinae) from Eastern Australia
Authors: Clements Mark A. , Jones David L. 
Published: July 2020

Rhizanthella speciosa, a new species of the remarkable Australian underground orchids, is described as new from New South Wales. The new species, which is morphologically distinct and apparently also genetically distinct from its congeners and strikingly beautiful with its sea-anemone-like flowerheads and prominent attenuate sepals, grows in a different habitat than its geographically closest relative.
Keywords: Australian orchid flora, New underground orchid, Orchidoideae, Rhizanthella speciosa
PKD1-Dependent Renal Cystogenesis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Ureteric Bud/Collecting Duct Organoids
Authors: Kuraoka Shohei , Tanigawa Shunsuke , Taguchi Atsuhiro , Hotta Akitsu , Nakazato Hitoshi , Osafune Kenji , Kobayashi Akio , Nishinakamura Ryuichi 
Published: August 2020

Significance Statement
Models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are possible in nephron progenitor–derived human kidney organoids that form from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that have had PKD genes deleted, enabling cyst formation. However, this has not been achieved in the ureteric bud/collecting duct lineage, despite the prevalence of collecting duct cysts in patients. Cysts formed in ureteric bud organoids derived from iPSCs with homozygous deleted PKD1, as well as in ureteric bud organoids generated from heterozygous mutant iPSCs and from a patient with ADPKD who had a heterozygous missense mutation, all upon cAMP stimulation. These PKD1 mutant organoids can model human ADPKD in the collecting duct lineage, complementing existing cell and animal models.

Background
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease leading to renal failure, wherein multiple cysts form in renal tubules and collecting ducts derived from distinct precursors: the nephron progenitor and ureteric bud (UB), respectively. Recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) biology has enabled cyst formation in nephron progenitor–derived human kidney organoids in which PKD1 or PKD2, the major causative genes for ADPKD, are deleted. However, cysts have not been generated in UB organoids, despite the prevalence of collecting duct cysts in patients with ADPKD.

Methods
CRISPR-Cas9 technology deleted PKD1 in human iPSCs and the cells induced to differentiate along pathways leading to formation of either nephron progenitor or UB organoids. Cyst formation was investigated in both types of kidney organoid derived from PKD1-deleted iPSCs and in UB organoids generated from iPSCs from a patient with ADPKD who had a missense mutation.

Results
Cysts formed in UB organoids with homozygous PKD1 mutations upon cAMP stimulation and, to a lesser extent, in heterozygous mutant organoids. Furthermore, UB organoids generated from iPSCs from a patient with ADPKD who had a heterozygous missense mutation developed cysts upon cAMP stimulation.

Conclusions
Cysts form in PKD1 mutant UB organoids as well as in iPSCs derived from a patient with ADPKD. The organoids provide a robust model of the genesis of ADPKD.
Modelo de simulación de eventos discretos para el análisis y mejora del proceso de atención al cliente
Authors: Heredia Acevedo Duverney , Ceballos Yony Fernando , Sanchez Torres German 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Diseñar y desarrollar un modelo de simulación de eventos discretos para el proceso de atención del cliente de una Pyme dedicada al negocio de la comida rápida con el fin de conducir experimentos direccionados a comprender el comportamiento del sistema y evaluar estrategias de optimización. Metodología: El procedimiento se clasifica en cuatro etapas: (I) Análisis de la empresa y definición del problema, (II) Descripción de procesos y contextualización de un modelo, (III) Generación del modelo preliminar, verificación, validación y análisis de sensibilidad, (IV) Análisis de resultados y propuestas de mejoramiento. Resultados: El modelamiento realizado permitió sugerir una serie de optimizaciones para los procesos y de la Pyme analizada, que resultarían en la reducción de los tiempos de espera en la venta de bebidas, pizzas y otros productos. Conclusiones: Se mostró que mediante herramientas como Simul8® es posible modelar con facilidad procesos, al igual que sugerir optimizaciones pertinentes para estos, si bien cabe anotar que la herramienta no es tan efectiva para el modelamiento de servicios.
Myopathies with Contracture
Authors: Shaibani Aziz , Al Sultani Husam 
Published: July 2020

The two videos show physical examination of two patients with contractures. The questions in the PDF file will be answered in the next issue of RRNMF Neuromuscular Journal, along with further discussion as to how to approach a case of muscle contracture and myopathy, as well as teaching points.
Sciatic neuropathy with preserved sensory nerve action potentials, a case series
Authors: Ritch Matthew , Suhaib Omer , Li Yuebing 
Published: July 2020

Background: Sciatic neuropathy is differentiated from lumbosacral radiculopathy based on the finding of abnormal sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs). Cases of sciatic neuropathy with intact SNAPS have not been well described.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 12 patients with sciatic neuropathy in a single institution.
Results: We describe 12 patients in whom a sciatic neuropathy was diagnosed based on a combination of history, physical exam, radiological and electrodiagnostic (EDX) findings. Lower extremity SNAPs were found to be within normal range in all patients, although SNAP amplitude asymmetry between both sides was observed in 3. Included patients were young (mean age of 40.3 years) and mostly female (9 patients).
Conclusions: Sciatic neuropathy may occur with a relative sparing of sensory fibers. Recognition of this group of patients should help to avoid making a misdiagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy.
Botulinum toxin for the treatment of lower limb cramp pain in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Mehta Tejas , Sommers Richard , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Muscle cramps and pain associated with them can be seen in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and are known to reduce the quality of life. Pharmacological treatment may not benefit all patients in treating these cramps. We assess the efficacy of Onabotulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in the treatment of lower limb cramps in patients with ALS.
Methods:
This retrospective chart review included a total of ten patients with ALS who suffered from pain due to lower limb cramps and were managed with BTX-A. Data including patient demographics, visual analog pain scale at different intervals during follow up, ALS functional rating scale and site of onset of ALS symptoms were documented. The pain score at baseline (before administration), at 3 months follow up and at 6 months follow up were compared using Wilcoxon test to assess BTX-A’s efficacy.
Results:
A significant improvement in average pain score due to cramps from baseline to the 6-month interval with a change of 3.1±0.7 (p<0.05,95%CI) was seen on the pain scale. No adverse events were noted during administration or post injections.
Conclusion:
Local BTX-A administration is an efficacious and safe procedure for improving pain associated with cramps in patients with ALS.
Proaktywne strategie PR militarnej dyplomacji publicznej USA w Polsce
Authors: Kokowicz Dorota 
Published: July 2020

<p>Dyplomacja publiczna jest jednym z podstawowych elementów budowania marki narodowej. Budowanie wizerunku, zwłaszcza w środowisku międzynarodowym, jest jednak procesem złożonym, wymagającym odpowiedniego planowania i co za tym idzie - zastosowania odpowiednich strategii public relations.</p><p>Rok 2017 r. był dla polsko-amerykańskich stosunków militarnych przełomowy z uwagi na fakt, iż wtedy w Polski zaczęły stacjonować odziały sojusznicze NATO (w tym amerykańskie). Mimo akceptacji społecznej dla obecności militarnej USA w Polsce, fakt ten stanowił wyzwanie dla amerykańskiej wojskowej dyplomacji publicznej, przed którą stanęło zadanie podtrzymania pozytywnych relacji ze społeczeństwem kraju przyjmującego.</p><p>W niniejszej pracy autorka wskazuje, które strategie PR wykorzystywane były przez amerykańską dyplomację wojskową w Polsce w okresie od 14 stycznia 2017 r. do 13 czerwca 2018 r. oraz podaje przykłady działań podejmowanych w trakcie trwania kadencji ambasadora Paula Jonesa, mających na celu podtrzymanie polsko-amerykańskiego dialogu i zrozumienia.</p>
Polish Peasant Party PSL Piast against the reconstruction of the in Central and Eastern Europe after WWI
Authors: Wichmanowski Marcin 
Published: July 2020

<p>Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe Piast (1913/14–1931) powstało na ziemiach polskich pod zaborem austriackim. Odegrało istotną rolę w dziejach ruchu ludowego i wpłynęło na kształt odrodzonej Polski. Głównym obiektem zainteresowania autora artykułu było wskazanie projektów dotyczących państwa polskiego i jego roli wśród państw Europy Środkowowschodniej powstałych w wyniku „Wielkiej Wojny” w myśli politycznej PSL Piast. Piastowcy poszukiwali porozumienia z narodami ościennymi, wskazując na możliwość tworzenia związków państw powstałych w Europie w wyniku I wojny światowej. W poglądach PSL Piast Rzeczpospolita jawiła się jako państwo kreujące politykę Europy Środkowowschodniej, stabilizujące stosunki tego regionu. Zdaniem liderów PSL Piast, aktywność taką determinowały niezależne czynniki, w tym geopolityka. Bezpośrednim skutkiem stanowiska PSL była koncepcja dwóch wrogów oraz neutralizacja zagrożenia przez utworzenie sieci sojuszy państw położonych na obszarze tzw. Międzymorza.</p>
SU İLE TEMAS HALİNDE OLAN POLİKARBONAT MALZEMELERDEN BİSFENOL-A MİGRASYONU
Authors: KIZILIRMAK ESMER Özlem 
Published: July 2020

Polikarbonat
(PC) malzeme, gıda ile temas eden malzemelerden özellikle su damacanaları ve
sofra malzemelerinin üretiminde yaygın şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bisfenol-A
(BPA) ise PC malzemelerin üretiminde kullanılan önemli bir monomerdir ve son
yıllarda BPA’nın PC malzemelerden gıdaya geçebildiği ve insan sağlığı üzerinde
olumsuz etkilerinin olabileceği doğrulanmıştır. PC malzeme farklı sıcaklıklarda
farklı sürelerde su ile temas halinde bulunabilmekte, yıkama, sterilizasyon
gibi tekrarlayan işlemlere maruz kalabilmektedir. Nem, yüksek sıcaklık gibi farklı
çevresel koşullara maruz kaldığında PC malzemenin degrade olabileceği ve PC
malzemenin degradasyona uğraması sonucunda malzemede bulunan BPA miktarında
değişiklik olabileceği bazı çalışmalarda gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada su ile temas halinde
kullanılan PC malzemelerde BPA migrasyon mekanizması incelenmiş, PC malzemenin
maruz kaldığı sıcaklık, süre ve tekrarlayan işlemlerin BPA migrasyonuna etkisi
araştırılmıştır.
OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR MANPOWER TRAINING IN TECHNICAL COLLEGE
Authors: Kumar Mandal Manoj , Prasad Burnwal Arun , Kumar Avinash 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: In the modern era, the number of technical colleges increases rapidly due to the huge growth of the students. But the number of teachers is less compare to the number of students. So, there is a need for optimization of manpower in the institutes.
Methodology: In this paper, mathematical optimization is used with the help of linear programming by using permanent, contractual, and adjunct faculties with the help of three objectives for the engineering department, general department, and non-teaching staffs.
Main Finding: Finally, the outcome of the paper is different optimal values for three stated objectives.
Implication: The proposed method is the mathematical formulation of the optimization in a technical institute.
The novelty of Study: This paper deals with a mathematical model of manpower problem. A sample problem has solved to illustrate the procedure.
SOLUTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TRANS-SHIPMENT PROBLEM USING A MINIMUM SPANNING TREE APPROACH
Authors: Prajapati Raju , Dubey Om Prakash , Pradhan Ranjit 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Transportation problem plays an important role in operations research. The more generalized cases of transportation problems are trans-shipment problems. Further, the trans-shipment problems may have a set of trans-shipment nodes, or the source/destination nodes themselves act as the trans-shipment nodes. The study of the trans-shipment problems and their solution methodology is the goal of this paper.
Methodology: The solution of a trans-shipment problem could be done by transferring it to a transportation problem. Further, there exist various conventional methods for solving the transportation problem. The present paper discusses about the scope of application of an existing heuristic algorithm directly over the trans-shipment problem. The heuristic is based on the minimum spanning tree approach. We implement the algorithm over a test problem and further compare its performance by the performance of the corresponding algorithm Vogel’s Approximation Method.
Main findings: The spanning tree approach gives a better solution or almost the nearby solution as compared to the solution obtained by Vogel’s Approximation Method.
Implications: The solution obtained by the spanning-tree approach takes lesser computational effort to reach a better feasible solution.
The novelty of study: The algorithm to deal with the trans-shipment problem i.e. for finding the feasible solution of the trans-shipment problem is the main focus of this paper.Transportation Problem
Embarazo y enfermedad de Hansen
Authors: Camacho Paz Hernando 
Published: July 2020

Luego de recordar brevemente algunas modificaciones que provoca el Embarazo sobre el organismo materno, fuera de la esfera genital. el autor expone someramente las principales alternaciones generales y viscerales que con más frecuencia se encuentran en el curso de la evolución y el tratamiento de la Lepra. Seguidamente se relacionan la Lepra y la Gestación, para tratar luego de explicar las posibles causas de agravación de la Lepra durante el Embarazo, y de la frecuencia con que se presentan distocias del cuello uterino por rigidez en el curso del parto de las enfermas de Hansen, conclusiones a las cuales llega el autor, luego de presentar algunos cuadros estadísticos sobre doscientas diez y siete historias clínicas, para confirmar los hechos materia de este trabajo, el cual se halla adicionado de un apéndice que trata sobre algunos puntos de Epidemiología e Inmunología de la Enfermedad de Hansen.
Dos casos de Piosalpinx Tuberculoso
Authors: Cruz Amaya Aristóbulo 
Published: July 2020

1 - Se llama la atención sobre el creciente aumento de casos de tuberculosis anexial al hacer un estudio más completo de cada caso y sobre la diversidad de síntomas con que pueden presentarse.
2 - En presencia de esta enfermedad la conducta es diferente según su grado más o menos avanzado y de acuerdo con la edad de las pacientes.
3 - Se presentan 2 casos que fueron intervenidos por una afección ginecológica aguda y que fueron diagnosticados como salpingitis tuberculosa al examen anatomopatológico. Ambos casos tenían además una infección secundaria por estafilococo.
234 casos de embarazos múltiples
Authors: Sánchez R. Luis A. 
Published: July 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto revisar la estadística de los casos de embarazo múltiple que se han presentado en los dos últimos años en el Instituto Materno Infantil "Concepción Villaveces de Acosta" y comparar estas cifras con las presentadas en trabajos de otros países. Esta revisión la consideramos de valor pues es la segunda que se hace al respecto entre nosotros, siendo la primera la del Dr. Leopoldo Zerda Jiménez, como tesis de grado en 1948.
Datos estadísticos sobre la preparación Sicoprofiláctica en el Equipo "Emesfao"
Authors: R. Carlos , Mojica Silvia , Fernández Bastidas Miguel , Amaya L. Hernando , Calderón Belisario , Gómez T. Alberto , Lesmes Guillermo , López E. Guillermo , De Mojica Cecilia 
Published: July 2020

El Equipo Médico de Estudios Sicofísicas de Analgesia Obstétrica (EMESFAO) presenta al II Simposio de Sicoprofilaxisobstétrica una estadística general sobre 512 casos, cifra muy significativa si se tiene en cuenta que se trata de pacientes particulares de los integrantes del Equipo.
Operación Cesárea
Authors: Torrado Núñez Luis 
Published: July 2020

Se analizan cincuenta y dos (52) intervenciones cesáreas practicadas por el autor en el Instituto Materno e Infantil "Concepción Villaveces de Acosta" de Bogotá, D.E., en las fechas de Marzo 19 de 1958 a Febrero 28 de 1961.
Tercer simposio Colombiano de sicoprofilaxis obstétrica
Authors: F.B. M. A. 
Published: July 2020

En la ciudad de Bucaramanga del 26 al 29 de Julio pasado se llevó a cabo el III Simposio Colombiano de Sicoprofilaxia Obstétrica de acuerdo con lo aprobado en el de Médellín el año 1960.