bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Between adoption and rejection: attitudes of adult educators toward digitization in Germany
Authors: Rohs Matthias , Bolten Ricarda , Kohl Jonathan 
Published: January 2020

The use of digital media in adult education is very heterogeneous. To date, there are no empirical studies that have examined the possibility that media‐related differences in media usage of adult educators could be in part due to differential media pedagogical attitudes of adult educators. Moreover, there is a lack of empirical evidence to support the understanding of what factors modulate differences in media pedagogical competencies of adult educators. In order to examine different theoretical potentialities, in the present study, an online survey of adult educators (n = 626) was conducted to investigate the attitudes of adult educators in Germany toward their use of digital media. The results of the study indicate that there are influencing factors such as educational level or employment context on attitudes toward digital media.
Water in India and Kentucky: Developing an Online Curriculum with Field Experiences for High School Classes in Diverse Settings
Authors: Hanley Carol , Freeman Rebecca L. , Fryar Alan E. , Sherman Amanda R. , Edwards Esther 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMaintaining access to sufficient amounts of clean water for human and environmental needs is a global challenge requiring education and community engagement. We developed a curriculum integrating field experiences with online modules focusing on the water cycle, water quality, and human impacts. This year‐long curriculum connected nine public high schools in Kentucky with ten private, English‐language schools in eastern India. Curriculum design was informed by the Next Generation Science Standards (the new U.S. education standards for science) and utilized freely available, open‐access technology. Each instructional module included a narrated slideshow with general information and examples from Kentucky and India, exercises involving online data sets, and guidelines for class projects. Students developed creative products (e.g., posters and dramatic performances) for community outreach on water issues. Class projects involved literature reviews of local water bodies, collection of data using water‐quality test kits, and submission of a research proposal, which was evaluated by scientific professionals with a background in hydrology. The highest‐rated team from each country traveled to the other country to present their findings at a professional meeting or workshop. Eight of the Indian schools prepared video summaries of their projects, which were reviewed by an undergraduate class at the University of Kentucky. The curriculum and examples of student work are available on a publicly accessible website. Challenges faced during project implementation included difficulty in assessment of student products and, particularly for Kentucky schools, integrating activities into existing curricula. Nonetheless, the proposals, final papers, and other products indicated that students understood hydrologic concepts and were aware of water‐quality issues.
Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmia guided by a high‐density grid catheter
Authors: Campbell Timothy , Trivic Ivana , Bennett Richard G. , Anderson Robert D. , Turnbull Samual , Pham Timmy , Nalliah Chrishan , Kizana Eddy , Watts Troy , Lee Geoffrey , Kumar Saurabh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionMinimal data exist on the Advisor HD Grid (HDG) catheter and the Precision electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system for ventricular arrhythmia (VA) procedures. Using the HDG catheter, the EAM uses the high‐density (HD) wave mapping and best duplicate software to compare the maximum peak‐to‐peak bipolar voltages within a small zone independent of wavefront direction and catheter orientation. This study aimed to summarize the procedural experience for VAs using the HDG catheter.MethodsClinical and procedural characteristics of VA ablation procedures were retrospectively reviewed that used the HDG catheter and the Precision EAM over a 12‐month period.ResultsA total of 22 patients, 18 with sustained ventricular tachycardia and 4 with premature ventricular contractions were included. Clinically indicated left and/or right ventricular (LV, RV, respectively), and aortic maps were created. LV substrate maps (n = 13) used a median 1700 points (interquartile range [IQR]25%‐75%, 1427‐2412) out of a median 18 573 (IQR25%‐75%, 15 713‐41 067) total points collected. RV substrate maps (n = 11) used a median 1435 points (IQR25%‐75%, 1114‐1871) out of a median 16 005 (IQR25%‐75%, 11 063‐21 405) total points collected. Total point utilization, used vs collected, was 9%. Mean mapping time was 43 ± 17 minutes (substrate, 34 ± 18 minutes; activation/pace mapping, 9 ± 13 minutes). Acute success was achieved in 56 (86%) and short‐term success achieved in 16 patients (73%) at a median follow‐up of 145 days (IQR25%‐75%, 62‐273 days). There were no procedural complications.ConclusionHD wave mapping using the novel HDG catheter integrated with the Precision EAM is safe and feasible in VA procedures in the LV, RV, and aorta. Mapping times are consistent with other multielectrode mapping catheters.
Programmed deep septal stimulation: A novel maneuver for the diagnosis of left bundle branch capture during permanent pacing
Authors: Jastrzębski Marek , Moskal Paweł , Bednarek Agnieszka , Kiełbasa Grzegorz , Kusiak Aleksander , Sondej Tomasz , Bednarski Adam , Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi , Czarnecka Danuta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionPermanent deep septal stimulation with capture of the left bundle branch (LBB) enables maintenance/restoration of the physiological activation of the left ventricle. However, it is almost always accompanied by the simultaneous engagement of the local septal myocardium, resulting in a fused (nonselective) QRS complex, therefore, confirmation of LBB capture remains difficult.MethodsWe hypothesized that programmed extrastimulus technique can differentiate nonselective LBB capture from myocardial‐only capture as the effective refractory period (ERP) of the myocardium is different from the ERP of the LBB. Consecutive patients undergoing pacemaker implantation underwent programmed stimulation delivered from the lead implanted in a deep septal position. Responses to programmed stimulation were categorized on the basis of sudden change in the QRS morphology of the extrastimuli, observed when ERP of LBB or myocardium was encroached upon, as: “myocardial,” “selective LBB,” or nondiagnostic (unequivocal change of QRS morphology).ResultsProgrammed deep septal stimulation was performed 269 times in 143 patients; in every patient with the use of a basic drive train of 600 milliseconds and in 126 patients also during intrinsic rhythm. The average septal‐myocardial refractory period was shorter than the LBB refractory period: 263.0 ± 34.4 vs 318.0 ± 37.4 milliseconds. Responses diagnostic for LBB capture (“myocardial” or “selective LBB”) were observed in 114 (79.7%) of patients.ConclusionsA novel maneuver for the confirmation of LBB capture during deep septal stimulation was developed and found to enable definitive diagnosis by visualization of both components of the paced QRS complex: selective paced LBB QRS and myocardial‐only paced QRS.
α5‐nAChR contributes to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis by regulating Jab1/Csn5 signalling in lung cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaowei , Jia Yanfei , Zhang Yujie , Zhou Dajie , Sun Haiji , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent studies have showed that α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α5‐nAChR) is closely associated with nicotine‐related lung cancer. Our previous studies also demonstrated that α5‐nAChR mediates nicotine‐induced lung carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism by which α5‐nAChR functions in lung carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. Jab1/Csn5 is a key regulatory factor in smoking‐induced lung cancer. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms linking the α5‐nAChR‐Jab1/Csn5 axis with lung cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for future lung cancer treatments. Our results demonstrated that the expression of α5‐nAChR was correlated with the expression of Jab1/Csn5 in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cells. α5‐nAChR expression is associated with Jab1/Csn5 expression in lung tumour xenografts in mice. In vitro, the expression of α5‐nAChR mediated Stat3 and Jab1/Csn5 expression, significantly regulating the expression of the EMT markers, N‐cadherin and Vimentin. In addition, the down‐regulation of α5‐nAChR or/and Stat3 reduced Jab1/Csn5 expression, while the silencing of α5‐nAChR or Jab1/Csn5 inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, α5‐nAChR contributes to EMT and metastasis by regulating Stat3‐Jab1/Csn5 signalling in NSCLC, suggesting that α5‐nAChR may be a potential target in NSCLC diagnosis and immunotherapy.
Inflammation has synergistic effect with nicotine in periodontitis by up‐regulating the expression of α7 nAChR via phosphorylated GSK‐3β
Authors: Zhou Zhifei , Liu Fen , Wang Lulu , Zhu Bin , Chen Yujiang , Yu Yang , Wang Xiaojing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPeriodontitis is the leading cause of adult tooth loss, and those who smoke are at an increased risk of developing periodontitis. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) is proposed to mediate the potential synergistic effect of nicotine and inflammation in smoking‐related periodontitis. However, this has not been experimentally demonstrated. We isolated and cultured human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) from healthy and inflamed tissues. PDLSCs were treated with either inflammatory factors or nicotine. We measured expression of genes that are associated with osteogenic differentiation and osteoclast formation using RT‐qPCR and Western blot analyses. Besides, immunohistochemical staining, micro‐CT analysis and tartaric acid phosphatase staining were used to measure α7 nAChR expression and function. Inflammation up‐regulated α7 nAChR expression in both periodontal ligament tissues and PDLSCs. The up‐regulated α7 nAChR contributed to the synergistic effect of nicotine and inflammation, leading to a decreased capability of osteogenic differentiation and increased capability of osteoclast formation‐induction of PDLSCs. Moreover, the inflammation‐induced up‐regulation of α7 nAChR was partially dependent on the level of phosphorylated GSK‐3β. This study provides experimental evidence for the pathological development of smoking‐related periodontitis and sheds new light on developing inflammation and α7 nAChR‐targeted therapeutics to treat and prevent the disease.
Associations between Serum Levels of Cholesterol and Survival to Age 90 in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Maihofer Adam X. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Wild Robert A. , LaCroix Andrea Z. 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVESAlthough elevated lipid levels predict increased risk of coronary heart disease and death in middle‐aged women and men, evidence is mixed if lipid levels measured in later life predict survival to very old ages. We examined lipid levels and survival to age 90 with or without intact mobility in a large cohort of older women.DESIGNProspective cohort.SETTINGLaboratory collection at a Women's Health Initiative (WHI) center and longitudinal follow‐up via mail.PARTICIPANTSWomen aged 68 to 81 years at baseline.MEASUREMENTSSerum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were collected at baseline. Participant survival status and self‐reported mobility was compared across lipid levels.RESULTSHDL and LDL levels were not associated with survival to age 90 after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors (HDL: quartile (Q) 2: odds ratio [OR] = 1.14 [95% confidence interval [CI] = .94‐1.38]; Q3 OR = 1.08 [95% CI = .88‐1.33]; Q4 OR = 1.09 [95% CI = .88‐1.35]; LDL: Q2 OR = 1.07 [95% CI = .88‐1.31]; Q3 OR = 1.27 [95% CI = 1.04‐1.55]; Q4 OR = 1.07 [95% CI = .88‐1.31]). Similarly, no associations were observed between HDL and LDL levels and survival to age 90 with mobility disability. High HDL was not associated with survival to age 90 with intact mobility after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. Compared with the lowest LDL quartile, the three upper LDL quartiles were associated with greater odds of survival to age 90 with intact mobility (LDL: Q2 OR = 1.31 [95% CI = .99‐1.74]; Q3 OR = 1.43 [95% CI = 1.07‐1.92]; Q4 OR = 1.35 [95% CI = 1.01‐1.80]; P = .05).CONCLUSIONNeither higher HDL nor lower LDL levels predicted survival to age 90, but higher LDL predicted healthy survival. These findings suggest the need for reevaluation of healthy LDL levels in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:288–296, 2020
A pilot study to establish human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) carrier model using common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Hirose Lisa , Hiramoto Takafumi , Tian Yamin , Kohara Hiroshi , Kobayashi Seiichiro , Nagai Etsuko , Denda Tamami , Tanaka Yukihisa , Ota Yasunori , Jiyuan Liao , Miyamoto Shohei , Miura Yoshie , Hijikata Yasuki , Soda Yasushi , Inoue Takashi , Okahara Norio , Itoh Toshio , Sasaki Erika , Tojo Arinobu , Uchimaru Kaoru , Tani Kenzaburo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor the diagnosis and treatment of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) caused by human T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) are required therapeutic modalities urgently. Non‐human primate models for ATLL would provide a valuable information for clinical studies. We did a pilot study to establish an ATLL non‐human primate model using common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).MethodsWe inoculated HTLV‐1–producing MT‐2 cells into 9‐month‐old marmosets, either intraperitoneally or intravenously. We next administrated MT‐2 cells into 13‐month‐old marmosets under cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment to promote infection. HTLV‐1 infection was determined by measuring HTLV‐1 antibody titer in the common marmosets.ResultsThe HTLV‐1 antibody titer increased in the intraperitoneally inoculated marmoset with or without CsA treatment, and it kept over five 5 years though proviral copy number (proviral load, PVL) remained low throughout the study.ConclusionWe obtained HTLV‐1 asymptomatic carriers of common marmosets by inoculating MT‐2 cells.
Enhanced Akt/GSK‐3β/CREB signaling mediates the anti‐inflammatory actions of mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators in microglia and following traumatic brain injury in male mice
Authors: Bhat Shahnawaz A. , Henry Rebecca J. , Blanchard Alexa C. , Stoica Bogdan A. , Loane David J. , Faden Alan I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe have previously shown that treatment with a mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) is neuroprotective after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), limiting post‐traumatic neuroinflammation by reducing pro‐inflammatory microglial activation and promoting anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective responses. However, the specific molecular mechanisms governing this anti‐inflammatory shift in microglia remain unknown. Here we show that the mGluR5 PAM, VU0360172 (VuPAM), regulates microglial inflammatory responses through activation of Akt, resulting in the inhibition of GSK‐3β. GSK‐3β regulates the phosphorylation of CREB, thereby controlling the expression of inflammation‐related genes and microglial plasticity. The anti‐inflammatory action of VuPAM in microglia is reversed by inhibiting Akt/GSK‐3β/CREB signaling. Using a well‐characterized TBI model and CX3CR1gfp/+ mice to visualize microglia in vivo, we demonstrate that VuPAM enhances Akt/GSK‐3β/CREB signaling in the injured cortex, as well as anti‐inflammatory microglial markers. Furthermore, in situ analysis revealed that GFP + microglia in the cortex of VuPAM‐treated TBI mice co‐express pCREB and the anti‐inflammatory microglial phenotype marker YM1. Taken together, our data show that VuPAM decreases pro‐inflammatory microglial activation by modulating Akt/GSK‐3β/CREB signaling. These findings serve to clarify the potential neuroprotective mechanisms of mGluR5 PAM treatment after TBI, and suggest novel therapeutic targets for post‐traumatic neuroinflammation.
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Cover Image for this issue: https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15048.
Comparison of the distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin 1a receptors in rodents reveals conserved and derived patterns of nonapeptide evolution
Authors: Freeman Angela R. , Aulino Elizabeth A. , Caldwell Heather K. , Ophir Alexander G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) are known modulators of social behaviour across rodents. Research has revealed the location of action of these nonapeptides through localization of their associated receptors, which include the oxytocin receptor (OTR) and the vasopressin 1a receptor (V1aR). As research into these complex systems has progressed, studies investigating how these systems modulate behaviour have remained relatively narrow in scope (ie, focused on how a single brain region shapes behaviour in only a handful of species). However, the brain regions that regulate social behaviour are part of interconnected neural networks for which coordinated activity enables behavioural variation. Thus, to better understand how nonapeptide systems have evolved under different selective pressures among rodent species, we conducted a meta‐analysis using a multivariate comparative method to examine the patterns of OTR and V1aR density expression in this taxon. Several brain regions were highly correlated based on their OTR and V1aR binding patterns across species, supporting the notion that the distribution of these receptors is highly conserved in rodents. However, our results also revealed that specific patterns of V1aR density differed from OTR density, and within‐genus variance for V1aR was low compared to between‐genus variance, suggesting that these systems have responded and evolved quite differently to selective pressures over evolutionary time. We propose that, in addition to examining single brain regions of interest, taking a broad comparative approach when studying the OT and VP systems is important for understanding how the systemic action of nonapeptides modulate social behaviour across species.
Towards a Democratic New Normal? Investor Reactions to Interim‐Regime Dominance during Violent Events
Authors: El Nayal Omar , Slangen Arjen , van Oosterhout J. (Hans) , van Essen Marc 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough interim regimes in former autocracies are generally tasked with initiating a democratic ‘new normal’, they may privately intend to become their country’s new autocratic rulers. We argue that, to cope with the uncertainty stemming from this possibility, investors infer an interim regime’s intentions from the dominance displayed by the regime during government‐related violence, as reflected in the share of civilian fatalities. Specifically, we propose that investors interpret higher interim‐regime dominance as a signal of weaker democratic intentions and associate such weaker intentions with a gloomier political outlook for local firms. We therefore hypothesize that investors react more negatively to violent events characterized by higher interim‐regime dominance. We also hypothesize a less negative effect of such dominance for firms with larger foreign footprints, lower indebtedness, or more concentrated ownership, since investors will likely consider such firms more resilient to political deterioration. Applying event study methodology to 94 spells of violence in Egypt during the Arab Spring, we find substantial support for our hypotheses, thus contributing to management research on investor decision‐making, violence, and political uncertainty.
Sorting task as a tool to elucidate the sensory patterns of artisanal cheeses
Authors: Rodrigues Jéssica F. , Mangia Bruna A. , e Silva Jonas G. , Lacorte Gustavo A. , Coimbra Lorena O. , Esmerino Erick A. , Freitas Mônica Q. , Pinheiro Ana Carla M. , da Cruz Adriano G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the sensory profile of artisanal Minas cheeses using the Sorting task to generate the sensory patterns that can be applied in the processes of certification and registration of Geographical Indication of Origin of these products. Sorting task was useful to characterize and define the sensory patterns of artisanal cheeses from Canastra and Araxá regions. There was a good relationship between the consumer grouping/description and the production region. In general, Canastra cheeses were characterized as buttery cheeses, with a yellowish crust and a sweet taste, while Araxá cheeses were related to firm, crumbly, white‐cream, salty, and sour sensory attributes. These sensory descriptors can be useful for the geographical indication process and can help on the certification of these products.Practical applicationsThe findings of this study are useful for Brazilian artisanal cheese producers as it enables to use a sensory approach to differentiate cheeses form different regions, being an additional tool, which contributes for improvement of certification process. In addition, it shows practical utility for consumer‐based methodologies as it was used the sorting task.
The Views and Experiences of Fathers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the International Evidence
Authors: Marsh Lynne , Brown Michael , McCann Edward 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs a result of societal changes and expectations, mothers have returned to paid employment, with fathers now more involved in the daily lives of their children with and without disabilities. Globally, fathers are providing more care for their children with intellectual disabilities (ID), a role traditionally expected of mothers. The research interest in the role of fathers in the lives of their child with ID is growing, yet much of the wider evidence has focused on the views and experiences of mothers as care givers. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the views and experiences of fathers parenting children with ID. A total of 14 studies were included in the review. Four themes were identified including emotional impact, mental health and coping, systems of support, and hopes and fears. There is a need for further research on the needs of fathers and how they can be supported to play a fuller role in the lives of their child with ID. Implications for policy, practice, and future research are also discussed.