bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenic obesity is significantly associated with poorer overall survival after liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Hui-Bin , Zhu Yi-Bing , Yu Da-Xing 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSarcopenia has been shown to worsen survival after liver transplantation. However, it remains unclear whether coexisting sarcopenia and obesity, so-called sarcopenic obesity (SO), may also synergistically increase their adverse effects. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether pre-transplant SO independently predicts survival in this population.MethodsWe conducted this study according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang, CNKI, and Cochrane databases were searched up to 15 October 2023, for studies with any study design evaluating the relationship between SO and post-transplant survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation. We used ROBINS-E to assess the study quality. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at any length of follow-up. We calculated pooled odds risks (ORs) or hazard risks (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was quantified with I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and publication bias evaluations were also conducted.ResultsWe included nine cohort studies with 2,416 patients. These studies were moderate to high quality. Pre-liver transplant patients commonly experience SO, with a mean prevalence as high as 34%. Overall, patients with SO exhibited a significantly higher overall mortality than patients without SO, as demonstrated by pooled studies using both univariate analysis [HR = 1.76, 95%C 1.33–2.33, p &lt; 0.0001] and multivariate analysis (HR = 2.33, 95%CI 1.34–4.04, p = 0.003). Similar results were also found when comparing patients with or without SO at 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up (OR = 1.86, 95%CI 1.22–2.83; OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.27–2.64; and OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.02–2.34, respectively). In addition, subgroup analysis based on studies that reported HRs of both sarcopenia and SO indicated both had independent negative effects on post-transplant survival.ConclusionOur meta-analysis showed that SO occurs frequently in liver transplant patients. SO is associated with an increased risk of mortality in such patient populations.Systematic review registrationhttps://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.2.0069 [inplasy2024.2.0069].
Prognostic value of the Naples Prognostic Score in adult chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: NHANES 2005–2018
Authors: Kang Yue , Tan Yingjian , Tie Yongxin , Zhang Yujing , Cui Chenyu , Zhao Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) provides strategic direction in the prognosis of malignant illness. Nevertheless, its relationship with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains underexplored. Therefore, additional research specifically focusing on the relationship between the Naples Prognostic Score and COPD is necessary to determine its widespread applicability.ObjectivesThe objective was to explore the relationship between the NPS and the susceptibility to developing COPD.MethodsA total of 15,184 participants were included in our research, and statistical analyses were performed after weighting. We used weighted logistic regression to assess whether the NPS and COPD had a relationship, as well as its association with lung function. Subgroup analysis was used to detect the interaction. In addition, Kaplan–Meier survival curves were generated, and adjusted hazard ratios of different causes of death were calculated using Cox regression.ResultsOur investigation examined 15,184 participants’ data and then revealed a significant positive link between the NPS and COPD risk, while smoking has an interactive effect on it. A trend toward a decreasing prevalence of lung function indicators such as FEV1 [OR (95%CI), −339.70 (−456.53, −222.87)], FVC [OR (95%CI), −296.70 (−435.34, −158.06)], FEV1/FVC [OR (95%CI), −0.03 (−0.04, −0.02)], predicted FEV1 [OR (95%CI), −0.09 (−0.14, −0.04)], and predicted FVC [OR (95%CI), −0.08 (−0.15, −0.01)] was observed with increased NPS levels. Survival curves were drawn, and Cox regression analysis was conducted by dividing participants into group 0, group 1, and group 2 with NPS values of 0, 1–2, and 3–4, respectively. After assigning participants to groups 0, 1, and 2, with NPS values of 0, 1–2, and 3–4, respectively, the survival curves were created, and the Cox regression analysis was carried out. All-cause mortality [HR (95%CI), 1.68 (1.39–2.85)] and hypertension-related mortality [HR (95%CI), 67.64 (8.88–515.07)] of group 2 were significantly elevated.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggested that the NPS serves as a robust prognostic indicator of COPD.
Coffee and tea consumption and glioma risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Pan Jinyu , Shao Chuan , Tang Hui , Wu Nan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundResearch on the association between glioma risk and coffee and tea consumption remains inconclusive. This study seeks to present a meta-analysis of the relationship between coffee and tea intake and glioma risk.MethodRelevant cohort studies that collected coffee and tea exposure prospectively were identified through searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Eligible studies included those providing adjusted relative risk estimates or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), or data sufficient for such calculations. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, while the GRADE system assessed the quality of evidence. The analysis explored glioma risk concerning the highest versus lowest levels of coffee and tea intake, supplemented by a dose–response evaluation using a one-stage robust error meta-regression model.ResultsA total of nine studies, published between 2004 and 2020, were included. In a model comparing the highest and lowest levels of coffee and tea consumption, 3,896 glioma cases were identified among 2,648,468 participants. Correspondingly, the pooled HRs with 95% CIs were 0.98 (0.87–1.09) for coffee and 0.95 (0.86–1.06) for tea, respectively. Furthermore, no evidence of publication bias was detected for either beverage. The dose–response analysis indicated a near “L”-shaped relationship between tea consumption and glioma risk, with the most notable risk reduction observed in individuals consuming more than 2.5 cups of tea per day. However, additional tea intake beyond this threshold did not confer evident risk reduction. According to Grade scoring system, the quality of meta-evidence was classified as “very low” for coffee and “low” for tea.ConclusionThis meta-analysis provides evidence suggesting a potential inverse association between tea consumption and glioma risk, while no such association was observed for coffee consumption. Given that the evidence for coffee was classified as “very low” and for tea as “low,” cautious interpretation of the findings is warranted, and further research is needed to validate these results.
Body Mass Index mediates the associations between dietary approaches to stop hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea among U.S. adults
Authors: Li Songtao , Yang Yuxin , Lin Mengying , Lv Tian , Pan Yourang , Zhou Jie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) are associated with reduced cardiovascular, diabetes risk, but the effect on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is uncertain.MethodsThis study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). DASH score was assessed through 24-h dietary recall interviews, and OSA diagnosis in individuals was based on predefined criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between DASH and OSA. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to investigate the dose–response relationship between DASH score and OSA risk. And comprehensive subgroup and mediation analyses were performed.ResultsAmong the 14,978 participants, 27.01% had OSA. DASH scores had a negative association with the risk of OSA (OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.88–0.95, p &lt; 0.01). Next, we divided DASH scores into quintiles groups. In comparison to the reference group Q1, groups Q5 had adjusted OR values of 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52–0.76, p &lt; 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed that this association was consistent across different groups. Further mediation analyses showed that the associations of DASH with OSA risk parallelly mediated by the above Body Mass Index (BMI) 33.4%,95%CI (20.6–46.2%) (all p &lt; 0.05). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis indicated a significant dose–response relationship between DASH diet and OSA risk.ConclusionThese findings suggested that DASH decreased OSA risk, which was possibly and partly mediated by BMI.
Effect modification of the association between vitamin B2 intake and diabetes mellitus by sex: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2020
Authors: Yang Hui , Wang Xudong , Xi Xiaolan , Xia Yujia , Jiang Mingxia , Zuo Hui 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectivesThe relationship between vitamin intake and diabetes mellitus (DM) has attracted growing attention. Only few studies have linked vitamin B2 (VB2) and development of DM. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between VB2 intake and DM among U.S. adults.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis by using four waves of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) data in 2013–2020. A total of 18,338 participants aged ≥18 years were included. VB2 intake was estimated by 24-h dietary recall on the first day. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the association between VB2 intake and DM in men and women, separately.ResultsVB2 intake was significantly associated with DM in women but not in men (P-interaction &lt; 0.05). In women, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the fourth compared with the first quartile of VB2 intake was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.93, P-trend = 0.025). Each standard deviation increment of log-transformed VB2 intake was associated with 19% reduced odds of DM (P = 0.005). In contrast, no significant association between VB2 intake and DM was observed in men (P-trend &gt; 0.05). An inverse dose-response relationship between VB2 intake and DM was observed in women, but not in men.ConclusionsIncreased VB2 intake was associated with lower odds of DM in women, but not men. Our study underscores the potential role of VB2 in the prevention of DM in women. Prospective studies from different populations are warranted to confirm our findings.
A systematic review of adult pineoblastoma
Authors: Chu Xiufeng , Zhang Ting , Benghiat Helen , Xu Jixuan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAdult pineoblastoma is an extremely rare central nervous system malignancy. Limitations of tumour databases, single institution retrospective analyses and a few case reports are not sufficient to clarify treatment options. Therefore, a systematic review of comprehensive research data provides referenceable treatment options.MethodsA systematic review was performed using MEDLINE and Embase using the terms “pineoblastoma” and “adult”. Relevant articles in the references were considered to supplement this systematic review. In addition, data were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, COX analysis, chi-square tests and log-rank tests.ResultsA total of 108 adult cases from 32 articles were included in this study and the median age at diagnosis was 30 years. The 5-year survival rate was 49.5% (95% confidence interval: 0.378-0.602) and the 10-year survival rate was 33.9% (95% confidence interval: 0.207-0.476). During the 10-year follow-up period, Kaplan-Meier survival curves highlighted that the gross total resection was more beneficial than subtotal resection and no surgery (P=0.018). The treatment modality of radiotherapy and chemotherapy was beneficial for survival (P&lt;0.001; P=0.020). In addition, multivariate COX analysis showed that radiotherapy was an independent factor in the beneficial prognosis (P&lt;0.001) and gross total resection tends to improve survival within five years (P=0.079).ConclusionFor adult pineoblastoma, gross total excision and radiotherapy can be beneficial for survival.Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number].
A phase I study using bortezomib (Velcade), cladribine, and rituximab in treating patients over 50 years old with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Pu Jeffrey J. , Berger Kristin N. , Zheng Chunlei , Do Nhan , Claxton David F. , Ehmann W. Christopher , Drabick Joseph J. , Li Haiquan , Loughran Thomas P. , Epner Elliot M. 
Published: December 2024

Cladribine indirectly downregulates methylation of DNA, RNA, and histones by blocking the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosyl-methionine. The cladribine and rituximab combination showed a synergetic effect in treating B-cell lymphomas. Bortezomib (Velcade) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved proteasome inhibitor for treating mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In this single-arm, phase I study, the safety, dose-limiting toxicity, and clinical activity of bortezomib, cladribine, and rituximab (VCR) combination treatment were evaluated in elderly MCL patients. Potential DNA methylation biomarkers for VCR treatment were also proposed. A standard 3 + 3 dose-escalation scheme was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of cladribine. The therapy consisted of six 28-day cycles. Most patients tolerated this regimen well. The overall response (OR) rate was 84.6%, and the complete remission (CR) rate was 84.6%. In the newly diagnosed subject cohort, the OR and CR were 100%, the 2-year overall survival rate was 84.6%, and the progression-free survival rate was 76.9%. The median age was 64 (54–81). The median time to first response was 3 (2.1–7.4) months. The median follow-up time was 43 (9–60) months. Low-grade hematological toxicity and mild fatigue were observed. No severe systemic toxicity was observed. Five hypermethylated regions located at gene promoters were identified as potential biomarkers for an effective treatment response. In conclusion, the VCR combination is a well-tolerated, low-toxicity, and highly effective regimen for the elderly with untreated MCL.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01439750.
Survival outcomes and contributing factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in Khuzestan province, southwest of Iran
Authors: Karimi Babak , Ghoreyshvandi Arian , Cheraghi Maria 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent oral cancer worldwide. Despite advances in OSCC treatment, the mortality rate has not decreased in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to assess the survival rate as a factor reflecting the quality aspects of care and background parameters that influence survival in patients with OSCC.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of 165 patients with OSCC who were registered in the Khuzestan cancer registry system in 2014 to 2018. The data were collected in two parts: demographic information and survival information. Demographic and background variables include age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, employment status, insurance status, and educational status. Survival information was also collected through phone calls to patients or their families. The survival rate of the patients was analyzed using the log-rank test and the influencing factors were analyzed with the Cox regression test.ResultsIn this study, 165 patients, 43 women (26.1%) and 122 men (73.9%), with OSCC were included. The follow-up period of the patients was 5 years (2014–2019), during which 74 patients died. One, three, and five-year survival rates were 93.34%, 71.51%, and 44.84%, respectively. The results showed that age (χ2 = 4.410, p &lt; 0.05) and employee status (χ2 = 10.205, p &lt; 0.05) were associated with survival rate in OSCC patients based on the log-rank test results, while Cox regression analysis, after including all variables in the model and adjusting them, showed that all variables were not associated with survival rate (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionSince all background factors were not associated with survival rate, efforts should continue to identify effective factors and investigate the relationship between survival and pathological factors such as recurrence status, distant metastasis, type of treatment, and involved organs.
Fully endoscopic neurosurgery using a two-handed technique for cerebellopontine angle tumors via the retrosigmoid approach
Authors: Xie Zhengxing , Zhuang Yan , Liu Jieping 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSurgery for tumors in the cerebellopontine angle is always a significant challenge due to the densely packed neurovascular structures, the narrow deep location, and the complex relationship between the lesions and surrounding neurovascular structures. Recently, great attention has been given to the neuroendoscope for its exclusive advantages, which have added a new dimension to many classical microscopic surgeries. However, the feasibility and advisability of fully endoscopic neurosurgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors remain to be further evaluated.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical outcomes and endoscopic surgical experience of 12 patients with tumors in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) from January 2022 to April 2024 in our department. We analyzed patients’ records, radiological neuroimaging, tumor-related variables, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes in detail. All patients were regularly followed up with neurological examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/computed tomography (CT).ResultsThe pathology of the series included five cases of acoustic neuroma, six cases of meningioma, and one case of teratoma. The mean largest diameter of the lesion was 29.5 mm ±8.5 mm. Headache, hearing loss, and dizziness were the top three most common symptoms. All tumors were resected using the hand technique. No hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, or intracranial infections occurred. All patients with meningioma achieved Simpson grade II resection, and the remaining tumors underwent gross total resection, confirmed by both intraoperative and postoperative imaging. Overall, 91.7% of patients maintained normal facial nerve function postoperatively (HB1). One patient with acoustic neuroma experienced transient facial paralysis after surgery (HB2), which resolved during follow-up at 3 months postoperation. Clinical symptoms of all the other patients were resolved or ameliorated after surgery, with no new neurological deficits. The Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores remained unchanged or improved for all patients postoperatively.ConclusionsWith the accumulation of experience and technological progress, the fully endoscopic retrosigmoid approach could enable safe and effective resection of cerebellopontine angle tumors, providing a panoramic view and illumination of deep-seated structures.
Effectiveness of various atropine concentrations in myopia control for Asian children: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Linyu , Gan Jinhua , Wang Yun , Yang Weihua 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of various atropine concentrations in managing myopia among children in East, South, and Southeast Asia, and to determine the most effective concentration.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. The search was limited to articles published up to 1 June 2024, and included studies in Chinese or English. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted relevant data, and assessed the data quality using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 (RoB2) tool. A network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.2 software to compare the efficacy of different atropine concentrations in delaying myopia progression, measured by changes in refraction and axial length.ResultsThe analysis included 39 studies with 7,712 participants, examining 10 atropine concentrations ranging from 0.005% to 1%. Forest plots indicated that five concentrations (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.025%, 0.05%, and 1%) were more effective than a placebo in controlling myopia progression. The cumulative ordination plot indicated that 0.05% atropine most effectively delayed refraction change, which the mean change per year was 0.62D, while 1% was superior in slowing axial length progression, which the mean change per year was −0.43 mm. Considering both measures, 1% atropine showed the highest efficacy which the mean changes per year were 0.56D in spherical equivalent refraction and −0.43 mm in axial length, followed by 0.05% and 0.125% atropine.ConclusionWhile 1% atropine demonstrated the highest efficacy in myopia control among East, South and Southeast Asian children, its use is not recommended due to increased adverse effects and a rapid rebound in myopia after cessation. Considering both efficacy and safety, 0.05% atropine is suggested as the optimal concentration for myopia management in this population.
Interspecific association of herbaceous plant communities on different slope orientations and at different altitudes in central Yunnan grasslands
Authors: Gong Rui , Gong He-de 
Published: December 2024

AimsUnderstanding the response of herbaceous plants to habitat changes and the mechanisms of vegetation succession is crucial to the theoretical foundation of the conservation of local vegetation.MethodsPlots were established at elevations of 1900-2200m, 2200-2500m, and 2500-2800m on both shady and sunny slopes. Four statistical methods 2×2 contingency table χ2-test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, AC joint coefficient, 17 and Ochiai Index, were employed to analyze the species composition and interspecific associations within each elevation band and aspect.Important findings(1) the number of herbaceous plant species was greater on the sunny slope than on the shady slope; the number of species was higher in the2 elevation bands of 1900-2200m and 2200-2500m than in 2500-2800m. (2) Both AC joint coefficient and Ochiai Index revealed that the interspecific connectivity increased as elevation increased on the shady slope, although the highest interspecific connectivity was observed in the 2200-2500m elevation rather than other two elevations on the sunny slope. (3) Negative associations among species pairs were more prevalent than positive associations on both the shady and sunny slopes at all elevations,indicating a high level of negative interspecific associations and connectivity. (4) χ2-test values and Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that it was a relatively unstable community.However, an overall more stable community on the shady slope.The influence of altitude and slope orientation on interspecific associations has wide applications in multiple fields. By deeply understanding the role of these environmental factors, scientists, agricultural workers, forestry managers, and protectors can better carry out work in resource management, species conservation, climate change adaptation, and other aspects.