bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and evaluation of risk of generalizability biases in pilot versus efficacy/effectiveness trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Beets Michael W. , Weaver R. Glenn , Ioannidis John P. A. , Geraci Marco , Brazendale Keith , Decker Lindsay , Okely Anthony D. , Lubans David , van Sluijs Esther , Jago Russell , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle , Thrasher James , Li Xiaming , Milat Andrew J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Preliminary evaluations of behavioral interventions, referred to as pilot studies, predate the conduct of many large-scale efficacy/effectiveness trial. The ability of a pilot study to inform an efficacy/effectiveness trial relies on careful considerations in the design, delivery, and interpretation of the pilot results to avoid exaggerated early discoveries that may lead to subsequent failed efficacy/effectiveness trials. “Risk of generalizability biases (RGB)” in pilot studies may reduce the probability of replicating results in a larger efficacy/effectiveness trial. We aimed to generate an operational list of potential RGBs and to evaluate their impact in pairs of published pilot studies and larger, more well-powered trial on the topic of childhood obesity.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review to identify published pilot studies that had a published larger-scale trial of the same or similar intervention. Searches were updated and completed through December 31st, 2018. Eligible studies were behavioral interventions involving youth (≤18 yrs) on a topic related to childhood obesity (e.g., prevention/treatment, weight reduction, physical activity, diet, sleep, screen time/sedentary behavior). Extracted information included study characteristics and all outcomes. A list of 9 RGBs were defined and coded: intervention intensity bias, implementation support bias, delivery agent bias, target audience bias, duration bias, setting bias, measurement bias, directional conclusion bias, and outcome bias. Three reviewers independently coded for the presence of RGBs. Multi-level random effects meta-analyses were performed to investigate the association of the biases to study outcomes.

Results
A total of 39 pilot and larger trial pairs were identified. The frequency of the biases varied: delivery agent bias (19/39 pairs), duration bias (15/39), implementation support bias (13/39), outcome bias (6/39), measurement bias (4/39), directional conclusion bias (3/39), target audience bias (3/39), intervention intensity bias (1/39), and setting bias (0/39). In meta-analyses, delivery agent, implementation support, duration, and measurement bias were associated with an attenuation of the effect size of − 0.325 (95CI − 0.556 to − 0.094), − 0.346 (− 0.640 to − 0.052), − 0.342 (− 0.498 to − 0.187), and − 0.360 (− 0.631 to − 0.089), respectively.

Conclusions
Pre-emptive avoidance of RGBs during the initial testing of an intervention may diminish the voltage drop between pilot and larger efficacy/effectiveness trials and enhance the odds of successful translation.
C-reactive protein derived from perivascular adipose tissue accelerates injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia
Authors: Chen Jia-Yuan , Zhu Xiao-Lin , Liu Wen-Hao , Xie Yong , Zhang Hai-Feng , Wang XiaoQiao , Ying Ru , Chen Zhi-Teng , Wu Mao-Xiong , Qiu Qiong , Wang Jing-Feng , Chen Yang-Xin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Aim
Inflammation within the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in obesity plays an important role in cardiovascular disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) level in obesity patients is significantly increased and associated with the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis CRP derived from PVAT in obesity contributes to vascular remodeling after injury.

Methods
A high-fat diet (HFD) significantly increased CRP expression in PVAT. We transplanted thoracic aortic PVAT from wild-type (WT) or transgenic CRP-expressing (CRPTG) mice to the injured femoral artery in WT mice.

Results
At 4 weeks after femoral artery injury, the neointimal/media ratio was increased significantly in WT mice that received PVAT from CRPTG mice compared with that in WT mice that received WT PVAT. Transplanted CRPTG PVAT also significantly accelerated adventitial macrophage infiltration and vasa vasorum proliferation. It was revealed greater macrophage infiltration in CRPTG adipose tissue than in WT adipose tissue and CRP significantly increased the adhesion rate of monocytes through receptor Fcγ RI. Proteome profiling showed CRP over-expression promoted the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7 (CXCL7) in adipose tissue, transwell assay showed CRP increased monocyte migration indirectly via the induction of CXCL7 expression in adipocytes.

Conclusion
CRP derived from PVAT was significantly increased in HFD mice and promoted neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.
The permissive role of TCTP in PM2.5/NNK-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in lung cells
Authors: Liu Li-Zhong , Wang Menghuan , Xin Qihang , Wang Bowen , Chen George G. , Li Ming-Yue 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is linked to lung cancer. However, upon lung cancer carcinogens stimulation, there were no reports on the relationship between TCTP and lung cell carcinogenic epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanism of regulation of TCTP expression and its role in lung carcinogens-induced EMT.

Methods
To study the role of TCTP in lung carcinogens [particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) or 4-methylnitrosamino-l-3-pyridyl-butanone (NNK)]-induced EMT, PM2.5/NNK-treated lung epithelial and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were tested. Cell derived xenografts, human lung cancer samples and online survival analysis were used to confirm the results. MassArray assay, Real-time PCR and Reporter assays were performed to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of TCTP expression. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism version 6.0 or SPSS version 20.0.

Results
Translationally controlled tumor protein and vimentin expression were up-regulated in PM2.5/NNK-treated lung cells and orthotopic implantation tumors. TCTP expression was positively correlated with vimentin in human NSCLC samples. Patients with high expression of TCTP displayed reduced overall and disease-free survival. TCTP overexpression could increase vimentin expression and promote cell metastasis. Furthermore, PM2.5/NNK stimulation brought a synergistic effect on EMT in TCTP-transfected cells. TCTP knockdown blocked PM2.5/NNK carcinogenic effect. Mechanically, PM2.5/NNK-induced TCTP expression was regulated by one microRNA, namely miR-125a-3p, but not by methylation on TCTP gene promoter. The level of TCTP was regulated by its specific microRNA during the process of PM2.5/NNK stimulation, which in turn enhanced vimentin expression and played a permissive role in carcinogenic EMT.

Conclusions
Our results provided new insights into the mechanisms of TCTP regulatory expression in lung carcinogens-induced EMT. TCTP and miR-125a-3p might act as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
Association between personal values in adolescence and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a cross-cultural study of working populations in Japan and the United States
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Kawakami Norito , Nishi Daisuke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor promoting mental health and well-being of individuals, it is important to investigate its association with personal values. However, in Eastern Asian countries, no study has yet investigated the association between personal values in adolescence and mental health and well-being in adulthood. To fill that research gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study based on two online surveys of working populations in Japan and the United States.MethodsA total of 516 workers from each of the two countries, aged 30–49 years, completed a questionnaire that measured personal values in adolescence, current psychological distress, health-related quality of life, and subjective well-being (satisfaction and happiness). Personal values were measured by items based on Schwartz’s theory of basic values and people’s commitment to those ten values. Multiple group path analysis was performed to examine the associations between personal values in adolescence and health-related outcomes, grouped by country.ResultsCare, graduating from school, and commitment to values were associated with better mental health and well-being in Japanese participants. Belief and challenging were associated with better mental health and well-being in US participants. On the other hand, financial success was associated with poor mental health and well-being in Japanese participants. Avoiding causing trouble and positive evaluation were associated with poor mental health and well-being in the US participants.ConclusionsCertain personal values and commitment to those values in adolescence may be associated with mental health and well-being in adulthood. To address the limitations of this study, future studies should use a longitudinal design and investigate the interactions among the types of personal values and commitment to the values.
Bayesian approach for analysis of time-to-event data in plant biology
Authors: Humplík Jan F. , Dostál Jakub , Ugena Lydia , Spíchal Lukáš , De Diego Nuria , Vencálek Ondřej , Fürst Tomáš 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Plants, like all living organisms, metamorphose their bodies during their lifetime. All the developmental and growth events in a plant’s life are connected to specific points in time, be it seed germination, seedling emergence, the appearance of the first leaf, heading, flowering, fruit ripening, wilting, or death. The onset of automated phenotyping methods has brought an explosion of such time-to-event data. Unfortunately, it has not been matched by an explosion of adequate data analysis methods.

Results and discussion
In this paper, we introduce the Bayesian approach towards time-to-event data in plant biology. As a model example, we use seedling emergence data of maize under control and stress conditions but the Bayesian approach is suitable for any time-to-event data (see the examples above). In the proposed framework, we are able to answer key questions regarding plant emergence such as these: (1) Do seedlings treated with compound A emerge earlier than the control seedlings? (2) What is the probability of compound A increasing seedling emergence by at least 5 percent?

Conclusion
Proper data analysis is a fundamental task of general interest in life sciences. Here, we present a novel method for the analysis of time-to-event data which is applicable to many plant developmental parameters measured in field or in laboratory conditions. In contrast to recent and classical approaches, our Bayesian computational method properly handles uncertainty in time-to-event data and it is capable to reliably answer questions that are difficult to address by classical methods.
Integrated quality evaluation strategy for multi-species resourced herb medicine of Qinjiao by metabolomics analysis and genetic comparation
Authors: Li Zeyun , Du Yue , Yuan Yongliang , Zhang Xiaojian , Wang Zhengtao , Tian Xin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Quality evaluation of multi-species resourced herb medicine (MSRHM) is a main problem for quality control of herb medicine. Current quality evaluation methodology lost consideration of species discrepancy. New quality evaluation strategy for MSRHM is in urgent need. Qinjiao, a representative MSRHM, originated from Gentiana macrophylla Pall., Gentiana straminea Maxim., Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. or Gentiana dahurica Fisch., has been used as an important herb medicine over 2000 years for expelling wind-dampness and relieving impediment pain. However, quality evaluation among species has never been revealed. The current work proposes an integrated quality evaluation strategy for MSRHM of Qinjiao, which may promote innovation of quality control of MSRHM.

Methods
In this work, 58 batches of Qinjiao covering 4 species were collected. Genetic comparative analysis based on ITS2 sequence was conducted. Metabolomics analysis based on TOF–MS and NMR spectrum were carried out. Compounds underlying species differences were identified and their discrepancies among species were investigated by ANOVA analysis and multivariate analysis.

Results
Four species of Qinjiao can be authenticated by ITS2 sequence comparation. Metabolomics analysis by TOF/MS and NMR revealed chemical discrepancies among species of Qinjiao. Maximum discrepancy was present between Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk. and Gentiana dahurica Fisch. Chemical difference among species were tentative explored. For TOF–MS profiling, 28 constituents were tentative identified, 17 of which were further confirmed by standards. For 1H-NMR profiling, signals from 5 compounds were assigned. Contents discrepancies were investigated by ANOVA analysis. It seems that (seco)iridoids like loganic acid, gentiopicroside or swertiamarin were richer in specie of Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk., while flavonoid (morroniside) and triterpenoids (roburic aicd, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterone) were richer in specie of Gentiana dahurica Fisch. The current research demonstrates that metabolite profiling based on both UPLC/Q-TOF MS and 1H-NMR coupled with ITS2 sequence comparation can be a powerful tool for quality investigation of MSRHM of Qinjiao.

Conclusions
A comprehensive quality evaluation strategy for MSRHM was proposed by integrating UPLC-Q-TOF–MS, NMR based metabolic analysis and ITS2 sequence genetic comparation. The proposed quality evaluation strategy shall promote innovation of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.
Prenatal genetic analysis and differential pregnancy outcomes of two de novo cases showing mosaic isodicentric Y chromosome
Authors: He Si , Xi Hui , Chen Jing , Wang Dan , Pang Jialun , Hu Jiancheng , Liu Qin , Jia Zhengjun , Wang Hua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Fetal cells collected from the amniotic fluid of two pregnant women indicated sex chromosome abnormalities. Therefore, we performed G-banded chromosome karyotype analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and sequence-tagged sites (STS) analysis of the Y chromosome to determine the rare molecular genetics of the two fetuses.

Case presentation
The karyotypes of the fetuses from patients 1 and 2 were mos 45,X[92]/46,X,+idic(Y)(q11.21)[8] and mos 45,X[20]/46,X,+idic(Y)(q11.223)[80], respectively. Fetus 1 had a 7.76 Mb deletion in Yq11.222q11.23 and a 15.68 Mb duplication in Yp11.2q11.21. Fetus 2 had 21 Mb of repetitive segments in Yp11.3q11.223. Azoospermia factor (AZF) detection by STS analysis revealed a missing AZFb+c region in fetus 1 and three functional AZF regions in fetus 2. The isodicentric Y chromosome (idic (Y)) in both fetuses arose de novo. The pregnancy of patient 1 was terminated, whereas the fetus of patient 2 was delivered and is now 10 months old with normal appearance and growth.

Conclusion
A combination of technologies such as chromosome karyotyping, FISH, SNP arrays, and STS analysis of the Y chromosome is important in prenatal diagnosis to reduce birth defect rates and improve the health of the Chinese population.
Time periodic Navier–Stokes equations in a thin tube structure
Authors: Juodagalvytė R. , Panasenko G. , Pileckas K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe time periodic Navier–Stokes equations are considered in the three-dimensional and two-dimensional settings with Dirichlet boundary conditions in thin tube structures. These structures are finite union of thin cylinders (thin rectangles in the case of dimension two), where the small parameter ε is the ratio of the hight and the diameter of the cylinders. We consider the case of finite or big coefficient before the time derivative. This setting is motivated by hemodynamical applications. Theorems of existence and uniqueness of a solution are proved. Complete asymptotic expansion of a solution is constructed and justified by estimates of the difference of the exact solution and truncated series of the expansion in norms taking into account the first and second derivatives with respect to the space variables and the first derivative in time. The method of asymptotic partial decomposition of the domain is justified for the time periodic problem.
Exact solutions to the nonlinear equation in traffic congestion
Authors: Li Cheng , Cao Damin , Du Qing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the KdV-mKdV equation is obtained via the reductive perturbation method which can be applied to model the traffic flow. To overcome the shortcomings of the traditional KdV-mKdV equation, the original equation is converted into a space-time fractional equation, which is decreased to a common differential equation by using fractional complex transformation. All possible exact solutions are given through the entire discrimination gadget for polynomial method. In particular, the corresponding options are resembled for the specific parameters to show that each answer in the classification can be realized. And the numerical simulations in the paper additionally confirm this conclusion.
Preparation of the standard cell lines for reference mutations in cancer gene-panels by genome editing in HEK 293 T/17 cells
Authors: Suzuki Takayoshi , Tsukumo Yoshinori , Furihata Chie , Naito Mikihiko , Kohara Arihiro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Next Generation Sequencer (NGS) is a powerful tool for a high-throughput sequencing of human genome. It is important to ensure reliability and sensitivity of the sequence data for a clinical use of the NGS. Various cancer-related gene panels such as Oncomine™ or NCC OncoPanel have been developed and used for clinical studies. Because these panels contain multiple genes, it is difficult to ensure the performance of mutation detection for every gene. In addition, various platforms of NGS are developed and their cross-platform validation has become necessity. In order to create mutant standards in a defined background, we have used CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system in HEK 293 T/17 cells.

Results
Cancer-related genes that are frequently used in NGS-based cancer panels were selected as the target genes. Target mutations were selected based on their frequency reported in database, and clinical significance and on the applicability of CRISPR/Cas9 by considering distance from PAM site, and off-targets. We have successfully generated 88 hetero- and homozygous mutant cell lines at the targeted sites of 36 genes representing a total of 125 mutations.

Conclusions
These knock-in HEK293T/17 cells can be used as the reference mutant standards with a steady and continuous supply for NGS-based cancer panel tests from the JCRB cell bank. In addition, these cell lines can provide a tool for the functional analysis of targeted mutations in cancer-related genes in the isogenic background.
Interaksi Sosial Dan Kecerdasan Moral Pada Remaja
Authors: Wulandari Nawang Warsi 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh interaksi sosial terhadap kecerdasan moral pada remaja. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja usia SMP sebanyak 116 orang. Instrumen pengukuran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala kecerdasan moral dan skala interaksi sosial. Hasil uji validitas pada instrumen penelitian diperoleh data bahwa pada skala kecerdasan moral terdapat 34 aitem sahih dan pada skala interaksi sosial terdapat 28 aitem sahih. Uji reliabilitas masing-masing skala menggunakan formula Alpha Cronbach. Hasil uji reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa skala kecerdasan moral (0,896) dan skala interaksi sosial (0,918) termasuk sangat reliabel. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik regresi sederhana.Â Hasil analisis data diperoleh F = 141,884 dengan signifikasi 0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan interaksi sosial terhadap kecerdasan moral. Sumbangan efektif interaksi sosial terhadap kecerdasan moral sebesar 0,554.Â Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa besar pengaruh interaksi sosial terhadap kecerdasan moral adalah sebesar 55,4% sedangkan 44,6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.Â Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan memilih metode dalam upaya peningkatan kecerdasan moral pada remaja.Kata kunci: interaksi sosial; kecerdasan moral; remaja
Multiband 5G NR system with photonic-assisted RF amplification
Authors: Maia Borges Ramon , Saia Lima Eduardo , Ferreira Alexandre C. , Henrique Spadoti Danilo , Abreu Marcelo , Leonel Mendes Luciano , Cerqueira S. Arismar 
Published: February 2020

We propose and report the implementation of a multiband and photonically amplified fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) system based on radio over fiber technology and four-wave mixing (FWM) nonlinear effect. A piece of highly nonlinear fiber has been employed to stimulate FWM, which enables photonics-assisted RF amplification up to millimeter waves. Experimental results demonstrate a uniform and stable 15 dB ultra-wideband gain for 4G and three 5G signals in the frequency range from 780 MHz to 26 GHz, coexisting in the transport network. The obtained digital performance has efficiently met the Third-Generation Partnership Project requirements, demonstrating the applicability of the proposed approach for using fiber-optic links to distribute and jointly amplify 4G and 5G signals in the optical domain.
Integrated in-fiber coupler for a whispering-gallery mode microsphere resonator
Authors: Liu Xin , Cui X. L. , Wang D. N. 
Published: February 2020

An integrated in-fiber coupler is proposed and demonstrated, which can excite whispering-gallery mode (WGM) in a microsphere resonator. This device is fabricated firstly by using femtosecond laser micromachining and a fusing splicing technique to create an inner air cavity with a suspended fiber core, then an open micro-channel is drilled on the top of the inner air cavity, and finally a microsphere is placed inside the air cavity, in contact with the suspended fiber core, to excite the WGM through the evanescent field. In the transmission spectrum of the device, the slopes of the two asymmetric Fano resonance lines of 41.12 dB/nm and

−

18.46

d
B

/

n
m

, respectively, and a symmetrical Lorentz line with a quality factor of

9.32

×

10

3

can be obtained simultaneously. Such an in-fiber WGM microsphere resonator has the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, and high durability.