bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart rate variability indicators, as predictors of the adverse course of uncomplicated hypertensive crisis
Authors: Leliuk D. V. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study. Improve the outcomes of treatment for uncomplicated hypertensive crises at the prehospital stage by studying the state of systemic hemodynamic, determining the balance of the autonomic nervous system and markers associated with the systemic inflammatory response in arterial hypertension patients in uncomplicated cases of hypertensive crisis.
Materials and methods. During the 2017–2019 period, an open, prospective and comparative study was conducted and consisted of 206 patients with documented second-stage hypertension, of which 131 patients sought emergency medical attention in the «Municipal Institution Zaporizhzhya Station of Emergency (Ambulance) Medical Assistance» and 75 people who had a stable course of the disease and were examined on an out patiently on the basis of the
«Primary health care Centre No 10». Practically healthy 31 people were examined on the basis of the MI «Regional medical exercises dispensary». The indices of heart rate variability in the examined persons were analyzed. All patients were examined physically, used generally clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods for ECG diagnosis were recorded according to the standard method, on a 12-channel computer-cardiographic complex
«Cardiolab» (KhAI-Medika, Kharkov). The examinations were performed before the start of emergency care and after HC relief. For the analysis of heart rate variability, a 5-minute ECG interval recorded at rest was used, and the signal was recorded in the supine position, with calm breathing. The obtained data were analyzed with the help of the Cardiolab-HRV software complex, followed by the analysis of the cardiorhythmogram according to the generally accepted method.
Results. The analysis of the obtained evidence showed that the total HRV (by all indicators was significantly reduced in patients with hypertonic disease compared with healthy individuals), and with the development of hypertensive crisis in patients with hypertonic disease was even lower. In the hypertonic disease group with hypertensive crisis, activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (with increasing LF/HF ratio) was detected, but despite a higher LF/HF index of 2,21 (0,86–3,94) there was no significant difference against level 1,85 (1,56–2,03) in the hypertonic disease group without hypertensive crisis and a value of 1,81 (1,66–1,89) among healthy persons (p > 0,05).
Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that the decrease in compensatory capacity in all HRV indicators is more pronounced in patients with hypertonic disease in the development of hypertensive crisis. Assessment of heart rate variability indicators may be a useful component of cardiovascular risk stratification, requiring further statistical analysis.
APP para la tercera edad: utilidad, clases y valor social
Authors: Barrientos-Báez Almudena , Caldevilla Domínguez David , García García Enrique 
Published: April 2020

La proliferación de dispositivos inteligentes ha trascendido los ordenadores y los teléfonos móviles para pasar a integrarse progresivamente en todas partes: televisores, radios y ropa son o pronto serán inteligentes, susceptibles de nuevas aplicaciones y usos. Pero el logro más sorprendente de esta nueva tecnología es que, por primera vez, está estrechando la brecha tecnológica en vez de ensancharla: el público de la tercera edad está adoptando estos aparatos gracias a las facilidades de personalización y adaptación a sus necesidades específicas, tanto de accesibilidad como vitales. Nos hemos propuesto analizar este fenómeno y clasificar someramente las aplicaciones que lo han hecho posible, de manera que podamos entender mejor la importancia relativa de cada una.
Análisis de la cobertura del homicidio, desde el enfoque de producción noticiosa, en el diario “Al día”
Authors: Molina Jácome Isaías 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo analiza la cobertura de las noticias sobre homicidios, en la etapa de su producción, enfocándose en los elementos con los que el diario sensacionalista ‘Al Día’ (Barranquilla-Colombia) da relevancia a las noticias y en los valores usados por los reporteros para elaborar la noticia. Para el análisis se utilizaron los estudios de la Sociología de la Producción Noticiosa o Newsmaking, como base teórica, con una metodología de corte cuali-cuantitativo, que cruzó un análisis de contenidos de 240 noticias de homicidio sucedidos durante cerca de cinco años (2008 a mayo 2012), y 6 entrevistas en profundidad realizadas con el equipo de periodistas. Se halló que el tema más importante en la cobertura de noticias es el hecho de sangre más reciente, que el periodista usa una combinación de fuentes que incluye: familiares, testigos, autoridades y vecinos. Se identifican tres valores noticiosos: interés, cercanía y repercusión en la sociedad. Se concluye que las autoridades no tienen el monopolio de la información en el caso de los homicidios y que los valores noticiosos tradicionales se aplican también a este medio sensacionalista, pero que, existen otros como: impacto, cercanía y repercusión.
Effects of surface treatment on Fermi level pinning at metal/GaN interfaces formed on homoepitaxial GaN layers
Authors: Isobe Kazuki , Akazawa Masamichi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The effect of chemical surface treatment on the uncontrolled surface oxide at a GaN surface and on Fermi level pinning at subsequently formed metal/GaN interfaces was investigated for a GaN epitaxial layer grown on a GaN substrate. The impact of several chemical treatments, including photolithography, on the surface oxide and the resultant surface band bending at the GaN surface was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface band bending was reduced by the reduction in the amount of uncontrolled surface oxide. The metal/GaN interfaces formed subsequent to these chemical treatments were investigated by electrical measurement for Schottky barrier diodes. We found that the reduction in the amount of uncontrolled surface oxide leads to an increase in the slope factor in the metal-work-function dependence of the Schottky barrier height. The mechanism of Fermi level pinning at the metal/GaN interface is discussed.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Guided Inquiry Untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas X MIPA Pada Materi Larutan Elektrolit Dan Nonelektrolit
Authors: Yessi Miokti 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan literasi sains siswa kelas X program IPA melalui model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing (guided inquiry) pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit, efektivitas pembelajaran dan peningkatan penguasaan konsep siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA Negeri 7 Palangka Raya Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one group pretest-postest. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode tes, dan observasi.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kemampuan literasi berada pada kategori baik dan terjadi peningkatan kemampuan literasi sains siswa dengan gain score 0,84 kategori tinggi, dengan rata-rata nilai posttest siswa 92,69 dengan tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa 100%. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis guided inquiry efektif meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa dengan kategori tinggi.
Evaluating Instrument Quality: Rasch Model – Analyses of Post Test of Curriculum 2013 Training
Authors: Komalasari  
Published: April 2020

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of post test utilized by LPMP Central Kalimantan Indonesia in curriculum 2013 training for X grade teachers. It uses Rasch analysis to explore the item fit, the reliability ( item and person), item difficulty, and the Wrigh map of post test. This study also applies Classical Test Teory (CTT) to determine item discrimination and distracters. Following a series of iterative Rasch analyses that adopted the “data should fit the model” approach, 30 items post test of curriculum 2013 training was analyzed using Acer Conquest 4 software, software based on Rasch measurement model. All items of post test of curriculum 2013 training are sufficient fit to the Rasch model. The difficulty levels (i.e. item measures) for the 30 items range from –1.746 logits to +1.861 logits. The item separation reliability is acceptable at 0.990 and person separation reliability is low at 0.485. The wright map indicates that the test is difficult for the teachers or the teachers have low ability in knowledge of curriculum 2013. The post test items cannot cover all the ranges of the teachers’ ability levels. Items discrimination of post test of curriculum 2013 training grouped into fair discrimination (item 2, 4, 5, 8, 11, 18) and poor discrimination (1, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10,12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30). Some distracters from item 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29 and 30 are problematic. These distracters require further investigation or revision.

Key words: Rasch analysis, training, curriculum 2013, post test
Pendidikan Islam di Era Globalisasi: Antara Potensi, Keunggulan, dan Tantangan
Authors: Rozi Bahru 
Published: April 2020

Pendidikan Islam yang dahulu dianggap sebelah mata dan kurang diperhitungkan, namun saat ini dianggap satu-satunya pendidikan yang solutif bagi masyarakat modern. Berbagai persoalan yang terjadi di era global seperti saat ini, semakin lama semakin kompleks dan cenderung bertambah berat. Pendidikan dan lembaga pendidikan sekuler tidak mampu memberikan solusi alternatif untuk memecahkan berbagai persoalan tersebut. Sehingga masyarakat modern pun melirik kembali ke pendidikan agama Islam. Dengan konsep yang sangat jelas serta terarah, pendidikan Islam dan lembaganya bagaikan magnet yang sangat kuat daya tariknya. Pendidikan Islam mampu menarik minat masyarakat untuk menyerahkan pendidikan anak-anaknya di lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam. Namun, mampukah lembaga pendidikan Islam memanfaatkan peluang tersebut dengan baik? Ketersediaan SDM yang terbatas, kekurangan pembiayaan untuk sarana dan prasarana yang sangat besar adalah contoh kecil dari persoalan-persoalan yang dihadapi oleh sebagian besar lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam.

Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Islam, Globalisasi, Potensi
Kurikulum Pendidikan dalam Kajian Al-Qur'an dan Hadits Tematik
Authors: Mahmudah Umi 
Published: April 2020

Dalam pendidikan, kurikulum merupakan jantung dari sebuah lembaga pendidikan yang di dalamnya memuat bagaimana proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi hasil proses pembelajaran. Namun kurikulum yang berkembang di Indonesia merupakan adopsian dari berbagai macam model kurikulum dan juga sering mengalami pergantian kurikulum. Hal ini tentu saja membuat berbagai jenis sekolah baik sekolah umum maupun sekolah yang berbasis agama atau madrasah tidak mempunyai prinsip kurikulum yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Keislaman. Oleh karena itu artikel ini telah membahas tentang kurikulum pendidikan dalam Kajian Tematik Al-Qur’an Hadits, dalam aspek ontologi, epistemolgi dan aksiologi sehingga akan cocok digunakan di lembaga pendidikan madrasah.
Dalam aspek ontologi telah dibahas secara detil pengertian kurikulum itu sendiri dari mulai etimologi sampai secara terminologi. Pada aspek epistemologi kita mengetahui bagaimana Al-Qur’an telah mengajarkan kita cara-cara/metode mengajar kepada peserta didik. Dan juga dibahas tentang bagaimana penerapan kurikulum pendidikan pada masa Rasulullah dan contoh penerapan kurikulum di masa sekarang
Intrinsic Color Indices of Early-type Dwarf Stars
Authors: Deng Dingshan , Sun Yang , Jian Mingjie , Jiang Biwei , Yuan Haibo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Early-type stars are short lived and scarce in comparison with other types. Based on the recently released catalogs of early-type stars from the largest Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope spectroscopic survey, the intrinsic colors of the stars with effective temperature up to 32,000 K are determined for the bands from ultraviolet to infrared using the blue-edge method. Analytic relations are derived for the intrinsic color index with the effective temperature for the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Two Micron All Sky Survey, Gaia, AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System 1, and Galaxy Evolution Explorer bands. The results are generally consistent with previous works. In addition, the intrinsic colors of O-type dwarfs and OB supergiants are roughly estimated.
Constraining Short Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Properties with Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays
Authors: Biscoveanu Sylvia , Thrane Eric , Vitale Salvatore 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission is highly beamed, and understanding the jet geometry and beaming configuration can provide information on the poorly understood central engine and circumburst environment. Prior to the advent of gravitational-wave astronomy, astronomers relied on observations of jet breaks in the multiwavelength afterglow to determine the GRB opening angle, since the observer’s viewing angle relative to the system cannot be determined from the electromagnetic data alone. Gravitational-wave observations, however, provide an independent measurement of the viewing angle. We describe a Bayesian method for determining the geometry of short GRBs (sGRBs) using coincident electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations. We demonstrate how an ensemble of multimessenger detections can be used to measure the distributions of the jet energy, opening angle, Lorentz factor, and angular profile of sGRBs; we find that for a population of 100 such observations, we can constrain the mean of the opening angle distribution to within 10° regardless of the angular emission profile. Conversely, the constraint on the energy distribution depends on the shape of the profile, which can be distinguished.
Large-scale Multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock Calculations for Astrophysics: n = 4 Levels in P-like Ions from Mn xi to Ni xiv
Authors: Song C. X. , Wang K. , Del Zanna G. , Jönsson P. , Si R. , Godefroid M. , Gaigalas G. , Radžiūtė L. , Rynkun P. , Zhao X. H. , Yan J. , Chen C. Y. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Using the multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and the relativistic configuration interaction methods, a consistent set of transition energies and radiative transition data for the lowest 546 (623, 701, and 745) states of the

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configurations in Mn xi (Fe xii, Co xiii, and Ni xiv) is provided. The comparison between calculated excitation energies for the n = 4 states and available experimental values for Fe xii indicate that the calculations are highly accurate, with uncertainties of only a few hundred cm−1. Lines from these states are prominent in the soft X-rays. With the present calculations, several recent new identifications are confirmed. Other identifications involving

levels in Fe xii that were found to be questionable are discussed and a few new assignments are recommended. As some n = 4 states of the other ions also show large discrepancies between experimental and calculated energies, we reassess their identification. The present study provides highly accurate atomic data for the n = 4 states of P-like ions of astrophysical interest, for which experimental data are scarce.
Knowledge of final-year medical students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal about family medicine, and long-term career choices
Authors: Ali R. Omed , Ross A. J. , Nkabinde T. C. 
Published: April 2020

Background: While international experience suggests that well-trained primary care physicians improve the quality and cost effectiveness of health care, family medicine (FM) as the discipline of the specialist primary care physician appears to not be an attractive career for medical graduates in South Africa (SA). The aim of this study was to establish final-year medical students’ knowledge about FM and its relevance to the healthcare system, explore their perceptions of the discipline’s relevance, and identify their specialty preference.Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted amongst final-year medical students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) in 2017 at the conclusion of their seven-week FM module. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and results were analysed descriptively.Results: The response rate of completed questionnaires was 80.2% (157/196). Students reported limited exposure to FM in their early undergraduate years and low levels of awareness about essential public health programmes. Students showed good awareness of the six roles of family physicians (FPs), but FM was only the sixth most popular choice for specialisation.Conclusions: In general, students had favourable views concerning FM and its role in the future of healthcare delivery in SA, although their knowledge of essential health programmes was poor. The majority of students had limited interest in pursuing a career in FM. A key recommendation to address these issues is to introduce FM into the curriculum earlier, to cover the key roles of the FP, and provide teaching that highlights the relevance of FM to health system programmes.
Prevalence and predictors of Implanon uptake in Ugu (Ugu North Sub District) 2016/17
Authors: Moodley Anudha , Mahomed Ozayr 
Published: April 2020

Background: The contraceptive implant (Implanon) has been recognised as one of the most effective family planning methods and is a healthier choice for women in Africa due to its efficacy and convenience. Despite the evidence of effectiveness and safety of the implant, the actual uptake for Implanon use in the Ugu district of KwaZulu-Natal is relatively low. The aim of the study was to determine factors associated with Implanon uptake in Ugu North Sub District 2016/17.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study with an analytical component using self-administered questionnaires to collect information from 385 participants using randomised systematic sampling was conducted at family planning clinics at GJ Crookes Hospital and seven surrounding primary health care clinics. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations.Results: Some 16% (n = 60) of the participants utilised Implanon. Despite having the correct knowledge 65.7% (n = 220) were not willing to use Implanon if it were offered. In addition, 55% of participants (n = 177) believed Implanon had more side effects. Parity ( 4 children) was found to be a statistically significant protective factor against (p 0.05) Implanon uptake.Conclusion: Implanon is a highly unattractive method of contraception for women residing in the Ugu North Sub District. Fear of side effects and invasive method of insertion were identified as the major barriers to Implanon use. Education and increased patient awareness are strategies to increase the desirability and uptake of Implanon.
Prevalence and determinants of self-directed referrals amongst patients at hospitals in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal 2015
Authors: Rajman A. , Mahomed O. H. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Non-compliance with designated referral pathways has ramifications such as increased patient waiting time, overburdening of higher levels of care and increasing healthcare costs on patients and the healthcare system. The purpose of this study was to assess the determinants of self-directed referrals amongst patients attending hospitals in the eThekwini district of KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: An analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Outpatient Departments across five district hospitals in eThekwini using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the proportion and the most frequent factors contributing towards patient self-referral. The likelihood of patients to self-refer was tested using chisquare (X2) and a multivariate regression model.Results: There were 315 patients interviewed with 35% (n = 109/315) having self-referred. The majority (51%; 55/107) of selfreferrals were male and were of African race (74%; n = 80/107). Five institutional factors, namely: availability of medication at the pharmacy (98%); quality of care at the facility (93%); waiting time at facility (92%); services provided (90%); and attitude of healthcare workers (87%), were ranked as the main drivers of self-referral. Multivariate logistic regression established a significant positive association between patient self-referral and male gender (OR 1.73; CI 1.04–2.87, p 0.05). Age 39 years (OR 0.96; CI 0.94–0.99, p 0.05); and patient awareness of a referral letter (OR 0.28; CI 0.09–0.86, p 0.05) emerged as protective factor against self-referrals.Conclusion: Males patients tend to bypass the referral pathway whilst younger patients and patients who were aware of a referral letter were less likely to bypass the referral system. In addition to addressing the systemic challenges of waiting times, quality of care and availability of medication, a patient-oriented approach that comprises education, encouragement and increased patient awareness is an important strategy to improve referral pathway compliance.
Determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in healthy young adults living in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Visser J. , Knight K. , Philips L. , Visser W. , Wallace M. , Nel D. G. , Blaauw R. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is fast emerging as a global pandemic. In South Africa few studies have been conducted to determine the vitamin D status of the healthy population.Methods: This prospective study with an analytical component investigated vitamin D status of healthy undergraduate students at two time points (winter and summer) at Stellenbosch University. Serum 25(OH)D was determined, anthropometric measurements taken and dietary vitamin D intake estimated (food-frequency questionnaire). Skin tone was determined (Fitzpatrick skin type classification), and a skin reflectometry device used to measure dermal melanin content.Results: Results of 242 students indicated a mean serum 25(OH)D of 63.80 ± 41.35 ng/ml and a high prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency (88%). Significantly more females experienced suboptimal vitamin D levels than males (18 vs. 5%; p 0.01). Participants with lighter skin tones had higher levels of 25(OH)D than those with darker skin tones (chi-square = 24.02; p = 0.02). The majority (60.74%) had a normal BMI, although there was no significant relationship between BMI and serum 25 (OH)D (Spearman’s r=–0.11; p = 0.09). Total mean dietary vitamin D intake was 7.99 ± 13.81 mcg, with 87.2% having inadequate intake ( 15 mcg). The relationship between total vitamin D intake and serum 25(OH)D was found to be significant in winter (p 0.001) and summer (p = 0.01). Serum vitamin D levels were significantly higher in the winter phase (p 0.001).Conclusions: A low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found amongst healthy young adults, despite low dietary vitamin D intakes. Significant relationships were found between serum 25(OH)D and gender, skin tone and vitamin D intake. Further studies need to be conducted, especially in high-risk groups, before results are applied to the greater South African public.