bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palaeogeographical reconstruction and provenance of Oxfordian aeolian sandstone reservoirs in Mexico offshore areas: comparison to the Norphlet aeolian system of the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Snedden John W. , Stockli D. F. , Norton I. O. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Palaeogeographical reconstruction of the Oxfordian-age (Jurassic) depositional systems in the southern Gulf of Mexico is supported by detailed sedimentological analyses, detrital zircon geothermochronology and plate tectonic restorations. This integrated approach departs from prior local studies by placing the Bacab Sandstone, a major reservoir in offshore Mexico, in a larger basin- to regional-scale context.
Sedimentary characteristics derived from detailed core description show how remarkably similar the Bacab Sandstone is to coeval sandstones of the Norphlet Formation of the northern Gulf of Mexico. A comparison of lithofacies associations suggests similar depositional processes and palaeoclimate regimes, with aeolian dunes forming near base level with adequate wind, sediment supply and arid climatic conditions promoting development of dunes and adjacent sabhkas. Construction of prominent ergs (aeolian sand seas) with lateral transitions to updip fluvial–wadi systems is envisioned in Mexico, comparable to the Norphlet of the northern Gulf of Mexico.
Reservoir quality over the southern Mexican offshore area is variable, as numerous well penetrations over several decades have demonstrated. However, in the core area of the Ek-Balam Field, the best reservoirs have surprisingly good porosity and permeability for their age (Jurassic) and present-day depth of burial (>4000 m). However, published information is not definitive on the factors mitigating subsurface reservoir quality destruction. It is possible that similar processes preserving or enhancing porosity under deep burial conditions for the Norphlet are likely to have operated in the Ek and Balam well locations.
Available petrographical data on framework grains are similar for Oxfordian sandstones in both the northern and southern Gulf of Mexico. Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology, however, indicates that different source terranes supplied clastics to the Oxfordian Bacab and Norphlet sandstones. Detrital zircon geothermochronology age spectra indicate that the Mayan (Yucatán) Block was the primary terrane for the Bacab Sandstone. This is separate and distinct from Norphlet source areas that vary from Appalachian (Laurentian) to Pan-African (Gondwanan and peri-Gondwanan) terranes. While it possible that the Bacab and Norphlet sandstones were continuous and connected across the Yucatán margin that lies between the two areas, detrital zircon provenance results do not show any indication of common source terranes. Dimensional considerations, such as the contrasting ratios of Bacab and Norphlet source areas to their respective documented areas of deposition, also support the notion of separated aeolian palaeoenvironments.
DNA Replication Stress Induced by Trifluridine Determines Tumor Cell Fate According to p53 Status
Authors: Kataoka Yuki , Iimori Makoto , Fujisawa Ryo , Morikawa-Ichinose Tomomi , Niimi Shinichiro , Wakasa Takeshi , Saeki Hiroshi , Oki Eiji , Miura Daisuke , Tsurimoto Toshiki , Maehara Yoshihiko , Kitao Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

DNA replication stress (DRS) is a predominant cause of genome instability, a driver of tumorigenesis and malignant progression. Nucleoside analogue-type chemotherapeutic drugs introduce DNA damage and exacerbate DRS in tumor cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of these drugs are not fully understood. Here, we show that the fluorinated thymidine analogue trifluridine (FTD), an active component of the chemotherapeutic drug trifluridine/tipiracil, delayed DNA synthesis by human replicative DNA polymerases by acting both as an inefficient deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate source (FTD triphosphate) and as an obstacle base (trifluorothymine) in the template DNA strand, which caused DRS. In cells, FTD decreased the thymidine triphosphate level in the dNTP pool and increased the FTD triphosphate level, resulting in the activation of DRS-induced cellular responses during S-phase. In addition, replication protein A–coated single-stranded DNA associated with FancD2 and accumulated after tumor cells completed S-phase. Finally, FTD activated the p53–p21 pathway and suppressed tumor cell growth by inducing cellular senescence via mitosis skipping. In contrast, tumor cells that lost wild-type p53 underwent apoptotic cell death via aberrant late mitosis with severely impaired separation of sister chromatids. These results demonstrate that DRS induced by a nucleoside analogue–type chemotherapeutic drug suppresses tumor growth irrespective of p53 status by directing tumor cell fate toward cellular senescence or apoptotic cell death according to p53 status.

Implications:
Chemotherapeutic drugs that increase DRS during S-phase but allow tumor cells to complete S-phase may have significant antitumor activity even when functional p53 is lost.
S100A9-RAGE Axis Accelerates Formation of Macrophage-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle Microcalcification in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kawakami Ryo , Katsuki Shunsuke , Travers Richard , Romero Dayanna Carolina , Becker-Greene Dakota , Passos Livia Silva Araujo , Higashi Hideyuki , Blaser Mark C. , Sukhova Galina K. , Buttigieg Josef , Kopriva David , Schmidt Ann Marie , Anderson Daniel G. , Singh Sasha A. , Cardoso Luis , Weinbaum Sheldon , Libby Peter , Aikawa Masanori , Croce Kevin , Aikawa Elena 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
Vascular calcification is a cardiovascular risk factor and accelerated in diabetes mellitus. Previous work has established a role for calcification-prone extracellular vesicles in promoting vascular calcification. However, the mechanisms by which diabetes mellitus provokes cardiovascular events remain incompletely understood. Our goal was to identify that increased S100A9 promotes the release of calcification-prone extracellular vesicles from human macrophages in diabetes mellitus.

Approach and Results:

Human primary macrophages exposed to high glucose (25 mmol/L) increased S100A9 secretion and the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) protein. Recombinant S100A9 induced the expression of proinflammatory and osteogenic factors, as well as the number of extracellular vesicles with high calcific potential (alkaline phosphatase activity,
P
<0.001) in macrophages. Treatment with a RAGE antagonist or silencing with S100A9 siRNA in macrophages abolished these responses, suggesting that stimulation of the S100A9-RAGE axis by hyperglycemia favors a procalcific environment. We further showed that an imbalance between Nrf-2 (nuclear factor 2 erythroid related factor 2) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) pathways contributes to macrophage activation and promotes a procalcific environment. In addition, streptozotocin-induced diabetic Apoe
−/−
S100a9
−/−
mice and mice treated with S100a9 siRNA encapsulated in macrophage-targeted lipid nanoparticles showed decreased inflammation and microcalcification in atherosclerotic plaques, as gauged by molecular imaging and comprehensive histological analysis. In human carotid plaques, comparative proteomics in patients with diabetes mellitus and histological analysis showed that the S100A9-RAGE axis associates with osteogenic activity and the formation of microcalcification.

Conclusions:
Under hyperglycemic conditions, macrophages release calcific extracellular vesicles through mechanisms involving the S100A9-RAGE axis, thus contributing to the formation of microcalcification within atherosclerotic plaques.
The valid scientific names of the barred grass snake and its subspecies from mainland Italy and Sicily
Authors: Fritz Uwe , Razzetti Edoardo , Schmidtler Josef Friedrich 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To stabilize current nomenclature, Coluber helveticus Lacepède, 1789 and Coluber siculus Cuvier, 1829 are qualified as nomina protecta to ensure the usage of the established names Natrix helvetica (Lacepède, 1789) and Natrix helvetica sicula (Cuvier, 1829) for the barred grass snake. For the same reason, Coluber bipes Gmelin, 1789, Coluber tyrolensis Gmelin, 1789 and Coluber scopolianus Daudin, 1803, all with type locality Dolomiti di Fiemme (Italy), are declared as nomina oblita according to Article 23.9 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999). Coluber helveticus Lacepède, 1789 was originally introduced as a replacement name for Coluber vulgaris Razoumowsky, 1789 (type locality: Jorat, Switzerland). However, the latter name becomes a junior secondary homonym of Natrix vulgaris Laurenti, 1768 when transferred to the genus Natrix and thus, according to Articles 57 and 59 of the Code, invalid and does not threaten the usage of Natrix helvetica for the barred grass snake.
Basinwide Hydroclimatic Drought in the Colorado River Basin
Authors: McCabe Gregory J. , Wolock David M. , Woodhouse Connie A. , Pederson Gregory T. , McAfee Stephanie A. , Gray Stephen , Csank Adam 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Colorado River basin (CRB) supplies water to approximately 40 million people and is essential to hydropower generation, agriculture, and industry. In this study, a monthly water balance model is used to compute hydroclimatic water balance components (i.e., potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, and runoff) for the period 1901–2014 across the entire CRB. The time series of monthly runoff is aggregated to compute water-year runoff and then used to identify drought periods in the basin. For the 1901–2014 period, eight basinwide drought periods were identified. The driest drought period spanned years 1901–04, whereas the longest drought period occurred during 1943–56. The eight droughts were primarily driven by winter precipitation deficits rather than warm temperature anomalies. In addition, an analysis of prehistoric drought for the CRB—computed using tree-ring-based reconstructions of the Palmer drought severity index—indicates that during some past centuries drought frequency was higher than during the twentieth century and that some centuries experienced droughts that were much longer than those during the twentieth century. More frequent or longer droughts than those that occurred during the twentieth century, combined with continued warming associated with climate change, may lead to substantial future water deficits in the CRB.
Observational Analysis of Extratropical Cyclone Interactions with Northeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies
Authors: Phillips Briana , O’Neill Larry 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study examines the interaction between a northeast Pacific upper-ocean thermal anomaly and individual fall storm events between 2013 and 2016. In 2013, a large upper-ocean thermal anomaly formed in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) with sea surface temperatures (SST) warmer than 4°C above the climatological norm. Formation of the anomaly was associated with a persistent atmospheric ridge in the GOA that produced a lull in storm activity in the boreal winter of 2013/14. While reduced storm activity was the apparent cause of this SST anomaly, we present cases where extratropical cyclones significantly eroded its mixed layer heat content on synoptic time scales. Case studies during the 4-yr period 2013–16 using satellite and Argo hydrographic observations show that early fall storms produced the largest surface heat fluxes and the greatest cooling of SST. The magnitude of thermal energy transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere during individual storm events was then determined using vertically integrated heat budgets based on Argo temperature profiles and reanalysis surface heat fluxes. Storm-induced surface heat flux anomalies accounted for approximately 50% of the warm anomaly cooling observed by Argo profiles. This rapid heat loss occurred over time scales of approximately 3–5 days. The decay of the warm SST anomaly (SSTa) occurred much more quickly than expected from classic thermal damping by SST-induced turbulent heat fluxes, which may be attributed here at least partly to much shallower mixed layers during early fall. Analysis of the individual surface flux terms indicated that the latent heat flux was the dominant contributor to storm-induced heat exchange across the air–sea interface.
Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Related to Frequent Rossby Wave Breaking near Japan in Boreal Summer
Authors: Takemura Kazuto , Mukougawa Hitoshi , Maeda Shuhei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRossby wave propagation along the Asian jet during boreal summer, such as the Silk Road pattern, frequently causes wave breaking near the Asian jet exit region. This study examines the statistical relationship between interannual variability of the Rossby wave breaking frequency near Japan and large-scale atmospheric circulation during the boreal summer. The Rossby wave breaking frequency in the midlatitudes climatologically shows its maximum near Japan, and significantly increases during La Niña years. The upper-tropospheric circulation regressed onto the Rossby wave breaking frequency near Japan in August shows large-scale anomalous convergence from the tropical central to eastern Pacific and divergence around the Indian Ocean. The consequent northward anomalous divergent wind over Eurasia contributes to enhancement and northward shift of the Asian jet. The Asian jet also shows meridional meandering with a phase of anomalous anticyclonic circulation near Japan accompanied by the frequent Rossby wave breaking, which is associated with the Silk Road pattern. The frequent Rossby wave breaking is related to southwestward intrusion of anomalous low potential temperature air mass toward the subtropical western North Pacific associated with an enhanced mid-Pacific trough. West of the southwestward cold-air intrusion, enhanced cumulus convection is seen around the northern Philippines, and the Pacific–Japan pattern is significantly seen in the lower troposphere. This result is consistent with a previous study that revealed a linkage mechanism between the Rossby wave breaking near Japan and the Pacific–Japan pattern through dynamically induced ascent resulting in an intrusion of high potential vorticity associated with the Rossby wave breaking.
Psychological interventions for people with psychotic experiences: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled effectiveness and economic studies
Authors: Soneson Emma , Russo Debra , Stochl Jan , Heslin Margaret , Galante Julieta , Knight Clare , Grey Nick , Hodgekins Joanne , French Paul , Fowler David , Lafortune Louise , Byford Sarah , Jones Peter B , Perez Jesus 
Published: May 2020

Objective: Many people with psychotic experiences do not develop psychotic disorders, yet those who seek help demonstrate high clinical complexity and poor outcomes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of psychological interventions for people with psychotic experiences. Method: We searched 13 databases for studies of psychological interventions for adults with psychotic experiences, but not psychotic disorders. Our outcomes were the proportion of participants remitting from psychotic experiences (primary); changes in positive and negative psychotic symptoms, depression, anxiety, functioning, distress, and quality of life; and economic outcomes (secondary). We analysed results using multilevel random-effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis. Results: A total of 27 reports met inclusion criteria. In general, there was no strong evidence for the superiority of any one intervention. Five studies reported on our primary outcome, though only two reports provided randomised controlled trial evidence that psychological intervention (specifically, cognitive behavioural therapy) promoted remission from psychotic experiences. For secondary outcomes, we could only meta-analyse trials of cognitive behavioural therapy. We found that cognitive behavioural therapy was more effective than treatment as usual for reducing distress (pooled standardised mean difference: −0.24; 95% confidence interval = [−0.37, −0.10]), but no more effective than the control treatment for improving any other outcome. Individual reports indicated that cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, sleep cognitive behavioural therapy, systemic therapy, cognitive remediation therapy, and supportive treatments improved at least one clinical or functional outcome. Four reports included economic evaluations, which suggested cognitive behavioural therapy may be cost-effective compared with treatment as usual. Conclusion: Our meta-analytic findings were primarily null, with the exception that cognitive behavioural therapy may reduce the distress associated with psychotic experiences. Our analyses were limited by scarcity of studies, small samples and variable study quality. Several intervention frameworks showed preliminary evidence of positive outcomes; however, the paucity of consistent evidence for clinical and functional improvement highlights a need for further research into psychological treatments for psychotic experiences. PROSPERO protocol registration number: CRD42016033869
Using Iterative Experimentation to Accelerate Program Improvement: A Case Example
Authors: Maynard Rebecca A. , Baelen Rebecca N. , Fein David , Souvanna Phomdaen 
Published: May 2020

Background: This article offers a case example of how experimental evaluation methods can be coupled with principles of design-based implementation research (DBIR), improvement science (IS), and rapid-cycle evaluation (RCE) methods to provide relatively quick, low-cost, credible assessments of strategies designed to improve programs, policies, or practices. Objectives: This article demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of blending DBIR, IS, and RCE practices with embedded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to improve the pace and efficiency of program improvement. Research design: This article describes a two-cycle experimental test of staff-designed strategies for improving a workforce development program. Youth enrolled in Year Up’s Professional Training Corps (PTC) programs were randomly assigned to “improvement strategies” designed to boost academic success and persistence through the 6-month learning and development (L&D) phase of the program, when participants spend most of their program-related time in courses offered by partner colleges. Subjects: The study sample includes 317 youth from three PTC program sites. Measures: The primary outcome measures are completion of the program’s L&D phase and continued college enrollment beyond the L&D phase. Results: The improvement strategies designed and tested during the study increased program retention through L&D by nearly 10 percentage points and increased college persistence following L&D by 13 percentage points. Conclusion: Blending DBIR, IS, and RCE principles with a multi-cycle RCT generated highly credible estimates of the efficacy of the tested improvement strategies within a relatively short period of time (18 months) at modest cost and with reportedly low burden for program staff.
Thrombotic risk in central venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation post cardiac surgery
Authors: Pieterse John , Valchanov Kamen , Abu-Omar Yasir , Falter Florian 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock is an accepted indication for venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The true incidence and risk factors for the development of thrombosis in this setting remain unclear. Methods: Patients supported with central venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation due to ventricular dysfunction precluding weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass were retrospectively identified. Electronic records from a single institution spanning a 4-year period from January 2015 to December 2018 were interrogated to assess the incidence of thrombosis. The relationship to exposures including intracardiac stasis and procoagulant usage was explored. Results: Twenty-four patients met the inclusion criteria and six suffered major intracardiac thrombosis. All cases of thrombosis occurred early, and none survived to hospital discharge. The lack of left ventricular ejection conferred a 46% risk of developing thrombosis compared to 0% if ejection was maintained (p = 0.0093). Aprotinin use was also associated with thrombus formation (p = 0.035). There were no significant differences between numbers of patients receiving other procoagulants when grouped by thrombosis versus no thrombosis. Conclusion: Stasis is the predominant risk factor for intracardiac thrombosis. This occurs rapidly and the outcome is poor. As a result, we suggest early left ventricular decompression. Conventional management of post-bypass coagulopathy seems safe if the aortic valve is opening.
Preprocessing Breast Cancer Data to Improve the Data Quality, Diagnosis Procedure, and Medical Care Services
Authors: Sajjadnia Zeinab , Khayami Raof , Moosavi Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2020

In recent years, due to an increase in the incidence of different cancers, various data sources are available in this field. Consequently, many researchers have become interested in the discovery of useful knowledge from available data to assist faster decision-making by doctors and reduce the negative consequences of such diseases. Data mining includes a set of useful techniques in the discovery of knowledge from the data: detecting hidden patterns and finding unknown relations. However, these techniques face several challenges with real-world data. Particularly, dealing with inconsistencies, errors, noise, and missing values requires appropriate preprocessing and data preparation procedures. In this article, we investigate the impact of preprocessing to provide high-quality data for classification techniques. A wide range of preprocessing and data preparation methods are studied, and a set of preprocessing steps was leveraged to obtain appropriate classification results. The preprocessing is done on a real-world breast cancer dataset of the Reza Radiation Oncology Center in Mashhad with various features and a great percentage of null values, and the results are reported in this article. To evaluate the impact of the preprocessing steps on the results of classification algorithms, this case study was divided into the following 3 experiments: Breast cancer recurrence prediction without data preprocessing Breast cancer recurrence prediction by error removal Breast cancer recurrence prediction by error removal and filling null values Then, in each experiment, dimensionality reduction techniques are used to select a suitable subset of features for the problem at hand. Breast cancer recurrence prediction models are constructed using the 3 widely used classification algorithms, namely, naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbor, and sequential minimal optimization. The evaluation of the experiments is done in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, F-measure, precision, and G-mean measures. Our results show that recurrence prediction is significantly improved after data preprocessing, especially in terms of sensitivity, F-measure, precision, and G-mean measures.