bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Relationship between Glycated Albumin and Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Elgayar M H , Abdelsalam M M , Ali H M , Ahmed R A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication estimated to affect 30-50% of individuals with diabetes. It is the most frequent and annoying complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to the greatest morbidity and mortality and giving rise to a huge economic trouble for diabetes care, 2-3%develop a foot ulcer annually.

Objective
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between Glycated albumin and peripheral diabetic neuropathy.

Method
The present study was conducted on 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, who were collected from outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals and national institute of diabetes and endocrinology (NIDE), from May to September 2017.

Results
It found that demyelinted type of diabetic neuropathy (n = 5) significantly had highest FBG (P = 0.031), 2PPBG (P = 0.039) and glycated albumin (P = 0.033) and no significant HbA1c (P = 0.199) however in axonal and mixed types of diabetic neuropathy showed no significant different regards FBG, 2PPBG, HbA1c and glycated albumin (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
glycated albumin has relationship with peripheral diabetic neuropathy. Also, Glycated albumin≥12.5 (gm/dL) had perfect diagnostic characteristics in diabetic neuropathy.
Comorbidity and clinical impacts of Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in child and adolescent with epilepsy
Authors: Khalifa O S , Ahmed N S , Nada M A , Amin R M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aims and objectives
To highlight the comorbidity and clinical impacts of ADHD in Egyptian children and adolescent with epilepsy regarding its different characteristics and effect on quality of life.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study of 115 children with epilepsy was carried out and assessed for ADHD prevalence using the DSM5 criteria, Conner’s Parent Rating Scale for ADHD, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire: QOLCE-55.

Results
36 founded to have ADHD (31.3%) and 79 non-ADHD (68%), the inattention type was the most common by 19 child (52.7%) , 15 (41.6%) child with combined type and only 2 (5.5%) child with hyperactive type,
The factors that were significantly associated with the co-morbidity were Lower age of onset of 1st seizure with nearly statically significant ratio (P value 0.051), the seizure presence in last 3 months group (P value 0.03), epileptic EEG abnormalities in the most recent EEG (P value 0.01), lower IQs (P value 0.002).and There was no statically significant association with sex, type of epilepsy, history of febrile seizure.
There was strong statically significant decrease in quality of life with ADHD comorbidity (P value 0.001), and decrease school attendance between ADHD and non-ADHD groups (P value 0.015).

Conclusion
ADHD is a common comorbidity in epileptic children with about 2\3 of ADHD children were not diagnosed, and severe effect on quality of life, so frequent assessment for ADHD in epileptic children is mandatory.
Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Patients with Carotid Stenosis Undergoing Carotid Intervention
Authors: Helal S A M , Elboulkemy M H , Abdelaziz A A , Mohamed A N , Elbassiouny A A I , Helmy E F O 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Symptomatic carotid stenosis is commonly defined as stenosis in the internal carotid artery, intracranial or extracranial, leading to symptoms of amaurosis fugax, transient ischemic attacks, or ischemic stroke ipsilateral to the lesion. Degree of stenosis varies among the major therapeutic trials studying treatment of carotid stenosis, but severe stenosis (70–99%) has been demonstrated to confer the highest risk for recurrent stroke or TIA. The number of people suffering from arteriosclerosis with vascular risk factors has been increasing recently due to the westernization of diet patterns and changing living environments, which has led to the increase in the number of patients with carotid stenosis (CS) or cerebral infarction. Severe CS is one of the important culprits underlying cerebral infarction, and can cause cognitive impairments due to continuous perfusion defects.

Aim
The aim of this study was to detect the effect of revascularization procedures on cognitive functions from baseline to 3 months follow up post-procedure in patients with CS using comprehensive psychometric tests.

Methodology
A prospective nonrandomized hospital based study was done at Ain Shams University hospitals. The study was conducted over 3 years from January 2015 till March 2018. Eighty patients with CS were enrolled, 34 patients underwent CAS procedure, six patients underwent CEA using standard techniques and the other 40 control patients follow up on conservative medical treatment. Decisions about whether and which method of treatment was applied (CEA, CAS, conservative) were taken independently of the study and were up to the treating physicians and patients. All CEAs and stents were performed under local anesthesia; periprocedural embolization was detected using follow up DW MRI imaging.

Results
Comparisons of clinical information at baseline between two groups On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 80 patients were recruited into the present study and received regular follow-up. 2 were lost to follow-up from the control group (died after 2 months of study). The main determinants (age, males/ females ratio, education level, DM, HTN, dyslipidemia, ISHD, smoking, laterality and degree of stenosis by CD and DSA) were compared between patients of the two groups to make sure that both groups were homogenous with no selection bias. There was no significant difference between the two groups except for the age, total number of previous strokes as well as presence of contralateral stenosis which were more prevalent in the intervention group (p &lt; 0.05) and thus may affect their cognitive results.

Conclusion
that extracranial carotid intervention either CAS or CEA exerts beneficial effects on some of the cognitive functions of symptomatic CS patients at 3 months after treatment, in particular, the visual, working memory and executive functions.
Early Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis Patients In Relation To Brain Atrophy, Egyptian Sample
Authors: Zakaria M F , Abdo T A , Abdelaziz A A , Zamzam D A , Abdullah Y A , Abousteit A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Approximately half of all patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience cognitive impairment, most commonly with regard to new learning and memory. Cognitive dysfunction is a leading cause of disability in MS and it can have profound social and economic consequences for patients and their families.

Objective
This study was conducted to discover the early cognitive domains affected in multiple sclerosis patients concomitant with the postulated brain atrophy in an Egyptian sample of multiple sclerosis patients.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional observational case-control study conducted on seventy (60) patients who came for follow-up in Ain Shams University hospitals. 40 patients were taken as cases that followed up in MS unit in Ain-Shams university hospitals. 20 participants were taken as controls taken from the general medicine clinics age and sex matched to our patient group. An informed written consent was taken from parents of each person included in the study.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in brain volumetric changes and in the parameters of cognitive assessment

Conclusion
Early detection and examination of cognitive functions is important for patient evaluation, follow up and treatment regimen used.
Efficacy of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on the functional recovery in stroke patients
Authors: Kenawy F F , Helal S A , Moustafa M M , Elnahas N M , Elnabil L M , Tork M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

© 2018 Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University
Copyright r 2018 Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.

Background
Optimizing the management of stroke is a national priority. In Egypt, the mean crude prevalence rate of stroke is 721.6/100,000 1of which almost 30 percent suffer from post stroke spasticity. Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) is a new faster modality of the conventional rTMS that is used to improve functional recovery after stroke.

Objective
This work was carried out to assess the effects of peripheral TBS in improving the functional recovery of the lower limb after stroke.

Patients and methods
A case–control study was conducted to include 27 patients with chronic stroke, who were selected from the attendants of the neurology outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospital, along with 19 participants of age-matched and sex-matched stroke patients as a control group. Case and control groups were subjected to neurological and functional assessment using gait assessment rating scale (GARS) at baseline and after the sessions. An informed written consent was taken from patients included in the study. All patients received 6 sessions of peripheral TBS on affected lower limb.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the improvement of functional scale (GARS).

Conclusion
Peripheral TBS improves gait and functional recovery in chronic stroke patients.
Non suicidal self injury and emotional eating in sexually abused children. relation to emotion regulation and alexithymia
Authors: Ahmed D M T , Ahmed Z M , Esmail D M H , Rabie M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Child abuse plays a role in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and experience of sexual abuse in both childhood and adolescence would further increase risk of NSSI. It was found that the risk of NSSI increased over time, and this effect was considerably stronger for adolescents who reported sexual abuse or assault within the previous 12 months, potentially indicating a group at ‘‘high risk’’ for NSSI.
Emotion dysregulation (ED), including lower levels of emotional awareness and clarity must be assessed in NSSI patients. NSSI has functions in terms of emotional regulation. The relationships between NSSI, emotional eating and alexithymia should be assessed.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) on emotional regulation, non-suicidal self-injury and alexithymia, independent from the psychiatric disorders.

Patients and Methods
Between October 2018 and Feb 2019, 30 healthy adolescent volunteers and 30 victims of CSA aged 8 –24 years from both outpatient clinic & inpatient department of psychiatry Ain Shams University were subjected to Full history taking, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I), self punishment scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), The Toronto Alexithymia Scale and The Eating Attitudes test.

Results
there was a highly significant association between Child sexual abuse and the sAlexithymia Parameters in difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking. Regarding the relation between CSA and Self-punishment parameters, there was a highly significant association between CSA and physical, thinking and affective and self neglegction. Regarding the association between CSA and emotional dysregulation we found highly significant association between CSA and Impulse control difficulties, limited access to emotional regulation strategies, lack of emotional clarity and difficulty engaging in goal directed behavior and there was significant association with lack of emotional awarness.

Conclusion
Child sexual abuse is associated with higher grades of Alexithymia, self-punishment, emotional dysregulation and not emotional eating.
Pre-micro RNA polymorphism detection in small versus large vessel disease in stroke patients
Authors: Elkhawas H H , Afify H H , Shokri H , Hassan E , Alzahaby A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Article Outline
Abstract Introduction Patients and methods Procedure Statistical analysis Results Discussion Conclusion References

Background
Cerebrovascular accidents are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide. The methods currently available for diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral ischaemia still require further improvements. Micro-RNAs (small non-coding RNAs) have been recently reported as useful biomarkers in diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Further research concerned with microRNA (miRNA) profiling from peripheral blood to detect and identify characteristic patterns in ischaemic stroke is crucial.

Aim of the work
This study aims to investigate the association between three potentially functional polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs and stroke subtypes (small vessel disease and large vessel disease) in a sample of Egyptian stroke patients.

Patients and Methods
This is a cross sectional study conducted in Ain Shams University Hospitals in which 81 patients presenting with cerebrovascular stroke fulfilling criteria of small vessel disease (SVD) or large vessel disease (LVD) according to TOAST [2] classification in the period from March 2018 to August 2018 were included. Blood samples were withdrawn for DNA extraction to investigate the association between three potentially functional polymorphisms (rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444) in pre-miRNAs (hsamiR-146a, hsa-miR-196a2, and hsa-miR-499, respectively).

Results
Smoking, hypertension and diabetes were significant value in both stroke subtypes. Meanwhile, age and gender showed no significance between both stroke subtypes.

Conclusion
Ischemic stroke has polygenic basis, but identification of stroke susceptibility gene and quantification of associated risks has been hindered by conflicting results from different studies.
Role of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Drug Resistant Focal Epilepsy: A Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: Ashour S , Gaber A , Hussein T , Kamal A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Copyright 2019 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ain Shams University. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited

Purpose
This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on patients with drug resistant focal epilepsy.

Methods
Fifty-five patients with drug resistant neocortical focal epilepsy were screened and 30 patients were divided into two groups (active and sham ) were given (0.5 hz , 1000 pulses , 90%of resting motor threshold (rMT)) on stimulation site detected by correlation between clinical semiology, EEG and or MRI finding. Seizures frequency, severity and seizure free days were compared for one month before and after rTMS with no change in antiepileptic drugs. We assumed 50% seizure reductionrate after rTMS.

Results
Seizures significantly decreased following rTMS treatment 50% seizure reduction was achieved 87.5%inthe active rTMS groupand50% in the sham rTMS group(p &gt; 0.03).in the follow-up period compared to baseline period. Seizure free days %increase in active group 20.7% compared to sham group 7.5% (p = 0.0501).

Significance
Low-frequency rTMS delivered into the epileptogenic zone had a significant antiepileptic effect on patients with drug resistant neocortical focal epilepsy.
© 2018 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ain Shams University
Cryptogenic stroke: An approach towards discovery of its possible hidden causes
Authors: Soliman N L , Helala S A , Saleh M A , Elkhawas H M , Elhadidi E S , Elsadek A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
lschemic stroke is among the leading causes of death and disability. The cause remains unexplained after routine evaluation in 20 to 40% of cases, resulting in the classification, by exclusion, of cryptogenic stroke

Objective
To unleash possible hidden causes of cryptogenic stroke.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to include 55 cryptogenic stroke patients admitted in stroke units in Ain shams university hospitals, patients were subjected to full general and neurological examination and labs were done to detect presence of autoantibodies Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA), Anti-Double Stranded DNA(anti-dsDNA). Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA), Lupus Anticoagulant (LAS) and Anticardiolipin antibody (ACA).

Results
11% of the study group tested positive for LAC and 4 % tested positive for ACA.

Conclusion
LAC and ACA might be linked to the etiology of cryptogenic stroke
Follow up study on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder patients with and without comorbid mood disorders receiving Non Stimulant medication
Authors: Shaker N , Helmy D , Adel A , Fahmy Y O M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Article Outline
Abstract Introduction Patients and methods Procedure Statistical analysis Results Discussion Conclusion References

Background
Irritability is common in Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which is sometimes associated with Mood symptoms. Results from community samples suggest that 4.3–23.5% of those with ADHD meet Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder diagnostic criteria.
The Aim of this study: To compare the prognostic outcome of ADHD symptoms in ADHD children with comorbid mood disorders compared to those without comorbid mood disorders receiving non-stimulant medication.

Patients and Methods
This is An observational prognostic prospective study in which two groups of ADHD patients were included in the study, group 1 includes 40 ADHD patients without comorbid mood disorders and group 2 includes 40 ADHD patients with comorbid mood disorders, they were assessed using; The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia for School Age Children
Rating scales as Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised Long Version, Pediatric behavior rating scale and Children Depression Inventory.

Results
ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity and inattention) were found to be improved regarding the hyperactivity in a statistically significant way in the mood group after 1 week of receiving non stimulant medications, while there was no significant change in the non-mood group, Also there was significant improvement of the inattention symptoms among the two groups after receiving non stimulant medication.
Meanwhile severity of depressive symptoms showed an improvement in the mood group while there was no change in severity in the non-mood group. As regards the irritability symptoms it showed insignificant change in both groups among the two follow-ups.

Conclusion
There is a more significant decrease in inattention symptoms in ADHD children with comorbid mood disorder who received non-stimulant treatment for one week more than the children without comorbid mood disorder. Moreover the depressive symptoms decreases among patients with ADHD and mood disorders after one week of receiving non-stimulant treatment.
Delusions in a Sample of Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: The same or different?
Authors: Azzam H M E , Hamed M A , Elhawary Y A , Mohammed A H A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Growing evidences indicate that there is overlapping between schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) in neurobiology, phenomenology or even in changing of diagnosis from schizophrenia to bipolar disorder or vice versa. Psychotic symptoms can be observed during manic or depressive episodes in bipolar disorder. While manic or depressive episodes can be observed between or during psychotic episodes in schizophrenia.

Aim of the work
To describe delusional types present in both groups of study sample: a group of patients with schizophrenia and a group of patients with bipolar disorder accompanied by psychotic features. Also to compare between types of delusions in patients with schizophrenia and patients with bipolar disorder accompanied by psychotic features.

Patients and Methods
total 80 patients (40 in group of Schizophrenia and 40 in group of bipolar disorder accompanied by psychotic features) were selected as convenient sampling from patients during the first two weeks of their admission in the Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Nature and types of the delusions were assessed by using Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) in study period from 1st of October 2017 till 1st of April 2018.

Results
Delusion of persecution is the commonest delusion in group of SCZ (37.5%), while delusion of grandiosity is the commonest delusion in group of BP accompanied by psychotic features (32.5%). Monothematic delusions are doubling frequent in group of BP accompanied by psychotic features (75%) if it compared to group of SCZ (35%). Non systematized delusions are the dominant in group of SCZ (45%) while most delusions in other group are some systematized (45%). Delusions of most patients in group of SCZ are incongruent with mood (77.5%). While delusions of most patients in group of BP accompanied by psychotic features are congruent with mood (65%). The presence of delusion is positively correlated to higher score of: SANS (in both groups), PANSS (in both groups) and YMRS (in BP accompanied by psychotic features).

Conclusion
delusions of schizophrenia are different in nature and types when it compared to delusions of bipolar disorder.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in the Out Patient Clinic of a University Hospital- Focus on Conversion disorder- A cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Okasha A M , Abdo T A , Mahmoud N Z , Elmissiry M M , Elqitqat R S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Common mental disorders are highly prevalent globally, affecting people across all regions of the world. Mental disorders are not only highly prevalent medical conditions but they are also highly disabling. Conversion disorders tend to be poorly understood and can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish from other psychiatric disorders that involve physical symptoms.

Objectives
This study was carried out to study the prevalence and frequency of different psychiatric disorders in a sample of Egyptian patients attending the outpatient clinic of the institute of psychiatry – Ain-Shams university hospital with a focus on hysteria, both conversion and dissociative type.

Patients and Methods
This case control observational study was started from December 2016 till December 2017. The subjects were selected from outpatient clinics of Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University. The first 1000 random patients who present to the above mentioned clinics were recruited. Patients were subjected to Arabic version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders.

Results
Our study reveals that the most common diagnosis was that of mood disorders (24.6%), followed by schizophrenia (23.4%). Somatoform disorders, of which conversion is a subcategory, came as the 5th most common diagnosis with (5.2%).

Conclusion
our study reveals that hysteria, in both conversion and dissociative disorders, is a surviving diagnosis, despite of the separation of both diagnoses into different diagnostic categories