bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-138-1-3p sensitizes sorafenib to hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PAK5 mediated β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Tong-tong , Mou Jie , Pan Yao-jie , Huo Fu-chun , Du Wen-qi , Liang Jia , Li Lin , Wang Yang , Pei Dong-Sheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Kinase inhibitor sorafenib is the first-line targeted drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the appearance of anti-cancer agents’ resistance has limited its therapeutic effect. Methods: In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western Blot were utilized to detect the levels of PAK5 in HCC sorafenib-resistant cells and their parental cells. The biological functions of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 in sorafenib-resistant cells and their parental cells were explored by cell viability assay, plate colony formation assay and flow cytometric analysis. The potential mechanisms of PAK5 were evaluated via co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), immunofluorescence, dual luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The effects of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 on HCC sorafenib chemoresistant characteristics were investigated by a xenotransplantation model. Results: We detected significant down-regulation of miR-138-1-3p and up-regulation of PAK5 in HCC sorafenib resistance cell lines. Mechanical studies revealed that miR-138-1-3p reduced the protein expression of PAK5 by directly targeting the 3′-UTR of PAK5 mRNA. In addition, we verified that PAK5 elevated the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin that enhanced the transcriptional activity of multidrug resistance protein ABCB1. Conclusions: PAK5 contributed to the sorafenib chemoresistant characteristics of HCC by activity β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway. Our findings identified the correlation between miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 and the molecular mechanisms of PAK5-mediated HCC sorafenib resistance, which provided a potential therapeutic target for advanced HCC patients.
Trauma In Children During Lockdown For SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Dibello Daniela , Salvemini Marcella , Colella Antonio , Amati Carlo , Pederiva Federica 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the work is to evaluate the differences between the routine accesses to Pediatric Emergency Room in a second level Children’s Hospital and the ones during an extraordinary event as the first month of the lockdown due to the Sars CoV 2 Pandemic in relation to types, sites and severity of Orthopaedic trauma, age, sex, and place in which the trauma occurred.Methods Authors compared retrospectively all children who had an access to the Emergency Room of Children Hospital Giovanni XXIII of Bari and then to Pediatric Orthopedic Unit during the first month of lockdown due to the Sars CoV 2, from March 10th 2020 to April 10th 2020, with the children that had an access to the same hospital from March 10th 2019 to April 10th 2019 for the sites, the types and the severity of the Orthopedic injuries.Results In 2019 there were 261 accesses to Emergency Room, in 2020 69: during lockdown the reduction was of 75%.The data were statistically significant about: the age, lower in 2020 during lockdown, (p<0.0001) and the worst prognosis of the lesions in the same period, 42.65% of fractures versus 28.05% (p<0003). No statistical evidence about sex, anatomical site of trauma and kind of lesion.Conclusions The volume of the accesses for trauma during lockdown decreased by 75%; this means that to avoid the potential risk of Covid’s infection in Hospital, only children with major trauma were brought there by parents, while the ones with contusions and sprains remained at home.
Serum lncRNA XIST has the Capacity to Serve as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lili , Song Hongguang , Yang Shiming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLncRNA XIST (X-inactive specific transcript) is involved in various tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of serum lncRNA XIST in NPC.MethodsSerum samples were collected from 117 NPC patients and 80 gender and age matched healthy individuals. The relative expression of serum lncRNA XIST was detected by qRT-PCR. Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the relationship between lncRNA XIST expression and clinical characteristics. ROC analysis was performed to identify the feasibility of serum XIST as a diagnostic biomarker for NPC.ResultsSerum lncRNA XIST was higher in NPC patients than that in healthy volunteers (P<0.001). Furthermore, its elevated expression showed positive link with clinical stage (P=0.013), TNM stage (P=0.024), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.003). ROC curve demonstrated that lncRNA XIST could discriminate between NPC patients and healthy individuals, with the AUC value of 0.827. The cut-off value of serum XIST for NPC diagnosis was 3.735, with the sensitivity of 75.2% and specificity of 83.7%.ConclusionLncRNA XIST as an oncogene plays promoting roles in aggressive progression of NPC. Serum lncRNA XIST may be employed as a diagnostic biomarker for NPC.
Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis Reveals A Novel Cancer Stem Cell Related Target TMEM17 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yu Zhaoliang , Chen Yu-feng , Zheng Bin , Cai Ze-rong , Zou Yi-feng , Ke Jia , Lan Ping , Gao Feng , Wu Xiao-jian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been increasingly reported for tumour recurrence and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is still lack of effective therapy on CSCs. Methods Here we describe a two-step strategy to generate CSC targets with high selectivity for colon stem cell markers, consisting in first step to generate specific proteins interacted CSC markers and second step to validate in survival analysis. TMEM17 was found and further investigated its biological functions in CRC cells. Finally, we utilized the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to dig the potential mechanisms of TMEM17 in CRC.Results By combining protein-protein interaction (PPI) database and high-throughput gene profiles, network analysis revealed a cluster of colon CSCs related genes. In the cluster, TMEM17 was identified as a novel CSCs related gene. In vitro functional study, our results show that TMEM17 depletion can suppress cell proliferation and sensitize chemotherapy drugs to CRC cells. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was conducted using GSEA algorithm, Wnt/β-catenin pathway was found to be associated with TMEM17 expression. Further validation in clinical samples revealed TMEM17 expression was much higher in tumour than normal tissue and it was associated with poor survival in CRC patients. Conclusion Collectively, our finding unveils the critical role of TMEM17 in CRC and targeting TMEM17 is potential effective therapeutic for CRC patients.
Restless legs syndrome is a risk factor for major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Haiwang , Zhou Changxi , Jin Shuai , Liu Xingde , Li Song , Zablah Youssif Ben , Merovitch Neil , Xia Kaide , Li Peng , Xia Guangyuan , Wang Junwen , Kang Xiaohong , Wang Yiming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A significant association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS), but RLS prevalence is dramatically different among MDD individuals across studies. Our present work aimed to comprehensively evaluate available evidences to determine the role of RLS in MDD. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Science Online, Wip Chinese Biomedical Journal, Wanfang and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched to identify observational and case-control studies relevant to RLS and MDD. Stata 12.0 software was used for meta-analysis. RLS individuals exhibited a higher risk of MDD than non-RLS controls (OR 2.05, 95%CI 1.80–2.33; p<0.05). No significant differences were found in MDD prevalence between young RLS patients (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.72–2.56) and older RLS patients (OR 2.02, 95%CI 1.70–2.39). In addition, no significant difference in MDD prevalence was evident between between Asian (OR 1.98, 95%CI 1.66–2.37) and European or American (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.54–2.01) RLS patients. Our meta-analysis provides evidence that the risk for MDD is higher among RLS patients compared to non-RLS individuals suggesting that RLS may play an important role in MDD patheogenesis.
Risk of Major Bleeding by Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Deprivation among 488,107 People in Primary Care: A Cohort Study
Authors: Tse Wai Chung , Grey Corina , Harwood Matire , Jackson Rod , Kerr Andrew , Poppe Katrina , Mehta Suneela , Pylypchuk Romana , Wells Sue , Selak Vanessa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Antithrombotic medication (antiplatelets and anticoagulants) reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but with the disadvantage of increasing bleeding risk. Ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation are independent predictors of major bleeds among patients without CVD, but it is unclear whether they are also predictors of major bleeds among patients with CVD or atrial fibrillation (AF) after adjustment for clinical variables. Methods: Prospective cohort study of 488,107 people in New Zealand Primary Care (including 64,420 Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand) aged 30-79 years who had their CVD risk assessed between 2007 and 2016. Participants were divided into three mutually exclusive subgroups: (1) AF with or without CVD (n=15,212), (2) CVD and no AF (n=43,790), (3) no CVD or AF (n=429,105). Adjusted hazards ratios (adjHRs) were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models predicting major bleeding risk for each of the three subgroups to determine whether ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation are independent predictors of major bleeds in different cardiovascular risk groups . Results: In all three subgroups (AF, CVD, no CVD/AF), Māori (adjHR 1.63 [1.39-1.91], 1.24 [1.09-1.42], 1.57 [95% CI 1.45-1.70], respectively), Pacific people (adjHR 1.90 [1.58-2.28], 1.30 [1.12-1.51], 1.62 [95% CI 1.49-1.75], respectively) and Chinese people (adjHR 1.53 [1.08-2.16], 1.15 [0.90-1.47], 1.13 [95% CI 1.01-1.26], respectively) were at increased risk of a major bleed compared to Europeans, although for Chinese people the effect did not reach statistical significance in the CVD subgroup. Compared to Europeans, Māori and Pacific peoples were generally at increased risk of all bleed types (gastrointestinal, intracranial and other bleeds). An increased risk of intracranial bleeds was observed among Chinese and Other Asian people and, in the CVD and no CVD/AF subgroups, among Indian people. Increasing socioeconomic deprivation was also associated with increased risk of a major bleed in all three subgroups (adjHR 1.07 [95% CI 1.02-1.12, 1.07 [1.03-1.10], 1.10 [1.08-1.12], respectively, for each increase in socioeconomic deprivation quintile). Conclusion: Ethnicity and socioeconomic status should be considered in bleeding risk assessments to guide the use of antithrombotic medication for the management of AF and CVD. Primary Funding Source: The Health Research Council of New Zealand
Use of Quantitative CT Analysis to Evaluate the Degree of Lung Destruction in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Song Xixi , Wang Jian , Cai Hui , Yang Chengyu , Zhu Mengchan , Zhu Guiping , Ye Ling , Jin Meiling 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a multisystem disease that mainly presents with cystic damage in the lungs. The purpose of this study was to quantify the degree of pulmonary cystic damage in CT and to compare its correlation with pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-D). Subjects and methods: 21 patients were included and 36 CT scans and PFTs were analyzed. The correlation of serum VEGF-D levels of 17 patients and their 24 CT scans were studied. Cystic areas were identified by the software. The volumetric percentage of cystic regions of the total lung volume was calculated to get a cyst score. A ROC curve was calculated to select the threshold at which the cyst scores could predict the lung impairment best.Results: The cyst scores correlated best with FEV1%pred (r = -0.72, p<0.01) and DLCO%pred (r = -0.82, p<0.01). The correlation with serum VEGF-D levels (r = -0.143, p = 0.506) was not obvious. The Youden Index is max (0.667) when cyst score is 15.80%. Conclusion: The pulmonary cyst scores on CT is strongly correlated with FEV1%pred and DLCO%pred. However, the association with serum levels of VEGF-D is not obvious. Cyst score >15.80% might indicate an abnormal lung function and patients are recommended a sirolimus treatment.
Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, Healthcare Resource Use, and Costs among Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Plexiform Neurofibromas: A Retrospective Database Analysis of a Medicaid Population
Authors: Yang Xiaoqin , Desai Kaushal , Agrawal Neha , Mirchandani Kirti , Chatterjee Sagnik , Sarpong Eric , Sen Shuvayu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-related plexiform neurofibromas (PN) can cause substantial morbidity by disfigurement and compression of vital structures. Real-world data on the burden and cost of disease among pediatric patients with NF1 and PN is limited. The objectives of this study were to describe the characteristics, treatment patterns, healthcare resource use (HCRU), and costs of these patients.Results: A total of 383 patients were included in the retrospective analysis of patients aged ≤18 with at least 1 ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for both NF1 and PN enrolled in the MarketScan® Multistate Medicaid database from October 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017. The mean follow-up was 448 days. The mean age was 11.4 years and 52.0% of patients were male. Most patients were diagnosed by a specialist (63.5%). During the follow-up period, pain medications were used by 58.5% of patients, 25.1% were treated with chemotherapy, 7.1% received surgery for PN, 1.6% received MEK inhibitors, and 0.8% received radiation. Mean per patient per year inpatient, outpatient, emergency room, pharmacy, and other visits were 1.4, 17.3, 1.6, 13.6, and 25.8, respectively. Mean ±SD (median) total per patient per year healthcare costs (2018 USD) were $17,275 ±$61,903 ($2,889), with total medical costs of $14,628 ±$56,203 ($2,334) and pharmacy costs of $2,646 ±$13,303 ($26). Inpatient costs were the largest drivers of medical cost, with a mean per patient per year cost of $6,739.Conclusions: This study showed that many pediatric patients diagnosed with NF1 and PN were treated with supportive care only, highlighting a substantial unmet medical need. This study also highlights the considerable economic burden among patients with NF1 and PN.
Triglycerides to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is the Best Surrogate Marker for Insulin Resistance in Non-obese Middle-aged and Elderly Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yang Yumei , Wang Baomin , Yuan Haoyue , Li Xiaomu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInsulin resistance is closely associated with metabolic profiles, including obesity and dyslipidemia. However, there are few studies to demonstrate a relationship between lipid profiles and insulin resistance, categorized by BMI, especially in Chinese. The aim of the present study was to examine how lipid profiles were associated with insulin resistance in non-obese middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1608 (596 men and 1012 women) subjects, without prior known diabetes mellitus and lipid regulating therapy history, older than 45 years. Insulin resistance was defined by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of at least 2.5. The areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curves (AROC) were used to compare the power of these serum markers. SPSS 17.0 software was used for the statistical analysis.ResultsIn non-obese subjects (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n= 996), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.13-1.81, P = 0.003), and SBP (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02, P = 0.03) were independently risk factors for the insulin resistance. The best marker for insulin resistance in non-obese subjects was triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio with the AROC of 0.73 (95% CI 0.68-0.77, P < 0.001), and the positive likelihood ratio was greatest for TG/HDL-C ratio in the metabolic profiles including BMI. The optimal cut-off point to identifying insulin resistance for TG/HDL-C ratio was ≥ 1.50 in the non-obese population. The BMI, TG, total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio and HDL-C also discriminated insulin resistance, as the values for AROC were 0.70 (95% CI 0.66-0.75, P < 0.001), 0.71 (95% CI 0.67-0.76, P < 0.001), 0.70 (95% CI 0.65-0.74, P < 0.001), 0.34 (95% CI 0.29-0.38, P < 0.001), respectively. In overweight subjects (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, n = 612), BMI was still the best marker for insulin resistance with the AROC of 0.65 (95% CI 0.60-0.69, P < 0.001). ConclusionsTG/HDL-C ratio may be the best reliable marker for insulin resistance in the non-obese population.
ALGORITHM FOR EARLY CANCER DETECTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Manerova O. A. , Turabov I. A. , Kozlov V. V. , Reshetnikov V. A. 
Published: October 2020

Background. Over the past decades, there has been a steady increase in the incidence of childhood cancer. The most childhood cancers are detected at advanced stages. The incidence of childhood cancer increased by 12.8 % (from 11.7 per 100,000 in 2007 to 13.2 per 100,000 in 2017) and the prevalence increased by 37.9 % (from 63.9 in 2007 to 88.1 in 2017 per 100,000). The purpose of the study was to develop algorithms for early cancer detection in children.Material and Methods. In the Arkhangelsk region, the algorithm for referring a patient to a consultation with a pediatric oncologist was introduced into pediatric clinical practice in 2016. To evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we compared two groups of patients with histologically verified solid malignant neoplasms. Group I included 49 patients, who received treatment in 2011–15 (before performing the experiment), and group II consisted of 51 patients, who received treatment in the Department of Pediatric Oncology in 2016–18 (the control group).Results. The use of the algorithm for referring a patient to a consultation with a pediatric oncologist led to the increase in the 3-year survival time from 25.04 ± 2.05 months to 30.3 ± 1.57 months (р=0,045). The time parameters of various stages preceding the start of specialized treatment were statistically significantly reduced: the time from the visit of a pediatric oncologist to verification of the diagnosis decreased from 9.0 (7.0; 14.0) to 7.0 (5.0; 9, 0) days (p˂0.001); the time from diagnosis verification to the beginning of specialized treatment – from 12.0 (8.0; 16.0) to 8.0 (6.0; 10.0) days (p˂0.001); the time from the visit of a pediatrician to referral to a pediatric oncologist – from 11.0 (6.0; 17.0) to 2.0 (1.0; 3.0) days (p˂0.001); the time from the visit of a pediatrician until the beginning of specialized treatment – from 23.0 (17.0; 32.0) to 9.0 (8.0; 12.0) days (p˂0.001).Conclusion. The introduction of a structural and functional model for organizing medical care for children with cancer was shown to be effective.
NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS OF THE CERVIX
Authors: Safronova K. V. , Artemieva A. S. , Nuganen A. O. , Kutusheva G. F. , Chuglova D. A. , Mikaya N. A. , Berlev I. V. , Urmancheeva A. F. , Belyaev A. M. , Ulrich E. A. 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was to summarize the available data on etiology, diagnosis, clinical symptoms and signs as well as on various approaches to the treatment of neuroendocrine cervical tumors.Material and Methods. The relevant sources were searched in the PubMed and cochrane Library systems, and publications from 1980 to 2019 were analyzed, 53 of which were used to write this review. We also included 6 case reports from N.N. Petrov National Research Center of Oncology.Results. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are extremely rare and aggressive malignancies of the female genital tract, among which NETs of the cervix are the most common. Due to the rarity of these tumors, there are currently no treatment standards based on prospective, well-planned clinical trials. For these reasons, NETs present a significant therapeutic challenge for clinicians. Case reports. Six patients ranged in age from 32 to 71 years, with a median age of 46 years, were diagnosed with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (4 patients) and small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (2 patients). One patient with stage IIIA dropped out of the follow-up schedule. Out of 5 followed up patients, 2 patients with stage IIIA and IIB died of disease progression after 6 and 11 months, respectively. One patient with stage IB1 is in remission for 16 months. Two patients with stage IIB continue to receive primary treatment.Conclusion. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix is a rare variant of cervical cancer. The choice of treatment options is decided only by a multidisciplinary team of doctors, and further research is required.
The Effect of Positive Mental Imagery on Labor Pain Tolerance in Primiparous Women Referred to Atieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran, 2018: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Yavari Caroline , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Kazemi Farideh , Refaei Mansoureh , Yaghoobi Abolghasem 
Published: October 2020

Background::
Childbirth is an important experience in the woman's life; and its quality has short- and long-term
effects on them.

Objective::
The present study aimed to determine the effect of positive mental imagery on the labor pain tolerance in
primiparous women referred to Atieh teaching-medical center in Hamadan.

Methods::
The present clinical trial study IRCT20120215009014N242 by IRCT was conducted on
90 primiparous mothers referred to Atieh Hospital of Hamadan in interventional (n=45) and control
(n=45) groups. Data collection tools included demographic information forms, behavioral pain scale,
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the birth registration checklist that were administered to both
groups through interviews and observation during labor. The intervention group participated in 4
weekly counseling sessions in groups of 5 to 7 participants, but the control group received only routine
care. Finally, the data obtained from the above questionnaires was analyzed using SPSS 21 and
analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), Independent t-test and chi-square test and the significance level
of tests was considered to be 5%.

Results::
The research results indicated that the mean age of control and intervention groups was
25.98±4.82 years, 25.32±4.85 years, respectively. The mean scores of the Visual analogue scale
(VAS) and the Behavioral Pain Scale significantly decreased compared to the control group (P
<0.001). The mean scores of behavioral changes in the intervention group were 1.77±0.68,
2.39±0.54 and 3.09±0.60 in 4-5 cm, 6-7 cm and 8-10 cm dilatations, respectively, which showed a
statistically significant decrease compared to the control group (P=0.005).

Conclusion::
Positive mental imagery counseling reduced the visual analogue intensity and behavioral pain intensity in
primiparous women. It seems that continuing education and counseling during pregnancy and empowering mothers to
control themselves and learn mental imagery techniques and practice during pregnancy and childbirth can help mothers to
more relax and alleviate the labor painintensity.