bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Examination of Sensitivity to Change
Authors: Mazurek Micah O. , Carlson Coleen , Baker‐Ericzén Mary , Butter Eric , Norris Megan , Barr Christopher , Kanne Stephen 
Published: October 2020

The Autism Impact Measure (AIM) was designed specifically for treatment‐outcome assessment in children with ASD, focusing on treatment‐relevant aspects of symptom presentation and efficient detection of short‐term improvement. The AIM demonstrated strong reliability and validity in initial psychometric studies. The current study evaluated the AIM's sensitivity to change across well‐established treatments. The sample included 471 children with ASD (ages 2–14) participating in one of six treatments. The AIM was administered at baseline and 6‐week intervals and a battery of domain‐specific concurrent measures was also administered. A longitudinal repeated measures design examined the degree to which: (a) AIM domain scores changed over time in response to treatment and (b) change in AIM domains was associated with change in measures of similar constructs. Results across growth curve models indicated that AIM domains are sensitive to change in symptoms across treatment. Across all models, symptoms decreased over time, with some deceleration in rate of improvement. For all AIM domains except Repetitive Behavior, symptoms improved as a function of treatment group. Correlations of change between AIM and other measures varied across domains (from 0.01–0.43 across measures). This was the first large‐scale study to systematically evaluate sensitivity to change in a measure of core ASD symptoms. The results provide support for the AIM's ability to detect short‐term improvement across symptom domains and indicate that AIM domains are sensitive to change overall and as a function of different treatment conditions. The brief repeated assessment window also highlights the AIM's utility for detecting improvements across short‐term treatments. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1867‐1879. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLCLay SummaryGood measures are important for assessing outcomes in children with autism. However, there are few tools for tracking short‐term changes in autism symptoms. This study tested a new measure, the Autism Impact Measure (AIM), in a large group of children with autism. The results showed that the AIM appears to be a valid and accurate tool for measuring autism symptoms. The AIM may be a helpful tool for researchers and clinicians interested in tracking short‐term improvements in autism symptoms.
Predicting recurrence in patients with sentinel node-negative melanoma: validation of the EORTC nomogram using population-based data
Authors: El Sharouni M A , Ahmed T , Witkamp A J , Sigurdsson V , van Gils C H , Nieweg O E , Scolyer R A , Thompson J F , van Diest P J , Lo S N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Identifying patients with sentinel node (SN)-negative melanoma who are at greatest risk of recurrence is important. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Melanoma Group proposed a prognostic model that has not been validated in population-based data. The EORTC nomogram includes Breslow thickness, ulceration status and anatomical location as parameters. The aim of this study was to validate the EORTC model externally using a large national data set.

Methods
Adults with histologically proven, invasive cutaneous melanoma with a negative SN biopsy in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2014 were identified from the Dutch Pathology Registry, and relevant data were extracted. The EORTC nomogram was used to predict recurrence-free survival. The predictive performance of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination (C-statistic) and calibration.

Results
A total of 8795 patients met the eligibility criteria, of whom 14·7 per cent subsequently developed metastatic disease. Of these recurrences, 20·9 per cent occurred after the first 5 years of follow-up. Validation of the EORTC nomogram showed a C-statistic of 0·70 (95 per cent c.i. 0·68 to 0·71) for recurrence-free survival, with excellent calibration (R2 = 0·99; P = 0·999, Hosmer–Lemeshow test).

Conclusion
This population-based validation confirmed the value of the EORTC nomogram in predicting recurrence-free survival in patients with SN-negative melanoma. The EORTC nomogram could be used in clinical practice for personalizing follow-up and selecting high-risk patients for trials of adjuvant systemic therapy.
Preclinical atherosclerosis in adolescents with psychotic or bipolar disorders investigated with carotid high‐frequency ultrasound
Authors: Bohman Hannes , Agartz Ingrid , Mansouri Shiva , Naessen Tord , Lundberg Mathias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveEarly‐onset psychosis (EOP) and bipolar disorder (EOBP) (at <18 years of age), are associated with an increased future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature death. Yet it is unknown whether the arteries show visible signs of atherosclerosis in EOP and EOBP. This study investigated whether having EOP or EOBP was associated with detectable signs of preclinical atherosclerosis.MethodBy using 22 MHz high‐frequency ultrasound, different layers of the arterial wall of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) were assessed in 77 individuals with EOP (n = 25), EOBP (n = 22), and in age‐matched healthy controls (n = 30). Conventional CVD confounders were included in the analyses.ResultsAdolescents with EOP and EOBP, compared to controls, had a significantly thicker LCCA intima thickness (0.132 vs. 0.095 mm, p < .001) and intima/media ratio (0.24 vs. 0.17 p < .001). There was a nonsignificant intima difference between EOP and EOBP. Conventional CVD risk factors did not explain the association between EOP/EOBP and intima thickness. In the group of EOP/EOBP, there was a significant correlation between the dose of current antipsychotic medication and intima thickness; however, the correlation was attenuated to a nonsignificant level when adjusted for global function.ConclusionsAdolescents with EOP or EOBP had an increased LCCA intima thickness, interpreted as a sign of preclinical atherosclerosis. Global function of the disorders was the strongest determinant of intima thickness. The findings, if replicated, might have implications for long‐term treatment of EOP and EOBP in order to reduce a future risk of CVD.
Managing healthcare waste for sustainable environmental development: A hybrid decision approach
Authors: Thakur Vikas , Mangla Sachin Kumar , Tiwari Binita 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHealthcare waste management (HCWM) has become the most concerned issue for hospitals to enhance their environmental performance while reducing the waste disposal costs. The present study aims to standardize the evaluation criteria for the stakeholders to ensure sustainable environmental development by safe disposal of infectious healthcare waste (HCW). The present study applied the fuzzy‐Delphi method to scrutinize the criteria identified from the literature and experts' opinions and resulted in 20 subcriteria under the following six main dimensions: experience, relationship, environmental factors, technology and qualification, economic factors, and firm's capabilities. Further, this study proposed a hybrid approach based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) under fuzzy environment to analyze the importance and interrelationships of these listed criteria. The study also showed that the experts have given approximately 70% weightage to three main criteria: firms' capabilities, economic factors, and technology and qualification. The implications of the study would help the healthcare administration and Pollution Control Boards to prepare check sheets for recording HCWM practices and, hence, contribute to sustainable environmental development in an efficient way. Understanding the prioritized cause‐group criteria would further protect hospitals' environment from the spread of infection caused by the HCW in the long run.
Do I seem real to you? The role of external audiences in the consumption‐driven self‐authentication process
Authors: Kuchmaner Christina A. , Wiggins Jennifer 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPeople use consumption choices as a means of authenticating their identities. Research on self‐authenticity has been scant in marketing, favoring instead product and brand authenticity. In psychology, research has largely focused on the positive outcomes of self‐authenticity, leaving its antecedents and the process through which it is achieved as key unanswered questions. In this conceptual paper, we address these gaps by delineating the consumption‐driven self‐authentication process. Consumers can engage in authenticating consumption acts involving meaning appropriation and meaning creation, which affect feelings of self‐authenticity. However, external audiences play a key role in validating the individual's self‐authentication through feedback in the form of direct validation or validation via social comparison. We argue that external audiences are a necessary component of the self‐authentication process that has implications for deepening our understanding of self‐authenticity.
M6A modification: A mechanism for protecting hematopoietic development in mammals
Authors: Gao Jiayin , Yan Jialong , Huang Zhen , Chen Linxi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common internal modifications in messenger RNA, which is necessary for cell physiological activities. A recent study shows that during mammalian hematopoietic development, loss of m6A modification leads to the aberrant production of double‐stranded RNA, which results in the abnormal activation of innate immune response, and ultimately leads to hematopoietic failure. Accordingly, m6A modification provide us an attractive direction for us to understand mammalian hematopoietic development and innate immune response.
Hierarchical MoS2@CNTs Hybrid as a Long‐Life and High‐Rate Cathode for Aqueous Rechargeable Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Huang Meihong , Mai Yongjin , Zhao Lijun , Liang Xinghua , Fang Zhijie , Jie Xiaohua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs a cathode material of aqueous rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ARZIBs), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) still suffers sluggish intercalation kinetics, poor electronic conductivity and insufficient active surface. Here, a hierarchical hybrid composing of ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets with expanded interlayer spacing that grow directly on the surface of carbon nanotubes (MoS2@CNTs) is firstly proposed as the cathode material of ARZIBs. Its zinc storage performance and corresponding enhanced mechanism are investigated via electrochemical characterizations and density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that the enlarged spacing of MoS2 interlayer decreases the energy barrier of Zn2+ intercalation and the CNTs backbone improves the electron transfer. What's more, the hierarchical structure provides a great number of active sites for electrochemical reactions. As a result, the hierarchical MoS2@CNTs hybrid delivers a high reversible capacity with good cycling stability and rate capability.
Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Nickel/Cobalt‐Based Nanohybrids for Sensing Non‐Enzymatic Glucose
Authors: Wang Lichao , Hou Chengyi , Yu Hao , Zhang Qinghong , Li Yaogang , Wang Hongzhi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe daily detection of blood glucose levels has become a major concern globally because blood glucose levels are related to human health. Composites comprising non‐noble metal nanomaterials and highly conductive carbon materials are active and selective catalysts for glucose detection in non‐enzyme sensors, and are therefore particularly attractive. In the present study, we prepared nickel/cobalt (NiCo) alloy nano‐particles encapsulated in graphitized carbon by pyrolyzing a bimetallic (Ni and Co) metal organic framework (NiCo‐MOF) at 800 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere (denoted NiCo/C). In the linear range 0.5 μM–4.38 mM, a non‐enzymatic glucose sensor comprising SPE/NiCo/C (SPE=screen‐printed electrode) exhibited a high sensitivity of 265.53 μA mM−1 cm−2, with a low detection limit of 0.2 μM (S/N=3). The NiCo/C sensor had good selectivity for the amperometric detection of glucose. Glucose levels were measured with acceptable reliability and accuracy in human serum samples. The current work offers an alternative tool for diagnosing diabetes and monitoring daily blood glucose levels.
Application of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology to cystic salivary gland lesions
Authors: Maleki Zahra , Allison Derek B. , Butcher Monica , Kawamoto Satomi , Eisele David W. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundCystic salivary gland lesions present diagnostic challenges on fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) specimens that are related to sampling limitations and a broad differential diagnosis. This study evaluated the benefit of applying the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) to a series of cystic salivary gland lesions.MethodsThe pathology archives at the Johns Hopkins Hospital were searched to identify cystic salivary gland FNA specimens over a 19‐year period (2000‐2018). Patient demographics, cytomorphologic features, and clinical and surgical follow‐up were recorded. The MSRSGC was applied to the cases. The risk of malignancy (ROM) and the risk of neoplasia (RON) were calculated for each category.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐eight cases were identified (96 males and 82 females) with a mean age of 53 years (range, 4‐90 years). After the MSRSGC was applied, there were 52 nondiagnostic cases (29.2%), 80 nonneoplastic cases (44.9%), 35 cases of atypia of undetermined significance (AUS; 19.7%), 3 benign neoplasms (1.7%), 3 salivary gland neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP; 1.7%), 4 cases suspicious for malignancy (SFM; 2.2%), and 1 malignant case (0.6%). One hundred fifty‐six of the 178 patients (87.6%) had follow‐up data available. The RON and ROM values for cases with surgical follow‐up were 33.3% (3 of 9) and 22.2% (2 of 9) for the nondiagnostic category, 42.9% (9 of 21) and 19% (4 of 21) for the nonneoplastic category, 76.5% (13 of 17) and 29.4% (5 of 17) for the AUS category, 100.0% (2 of 2) and 50.0% (1 of 2) for the SUMP category, and 100% (2 of 2) and 100% (2 of 2) for the SFM category, respectively.ConclusionsApplying the MSRSGC to cystic salivary gland lesions improves patient management by preventing unnecessary surgery for nonneoplastic conditions. The ROM was highest in the SFM category (100%), which was followed by the SUMP, AUS, nondiagnostic, and nonneoplastic categories. Less than adequate specimens may increase the diagnosis of AUS.
Local Transdermal Delivery of Telapristone Acetate Through Breast Skin, Compared With Oral Treatment: A Randomized Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Lee Oukseub , Pilewskie Melissa , Karlan Scott , Tull Mary B. , Benante Kelly , Xu Yanfei , Blanco Luis , Helenowski Irene , Kocherginsky Masha , Yadav Shivangi , Hosseini Omid , Hansen Nora , Bethke Kevin , Muzzio Miguel , Troester Melissa A. , Dimond Eileen , Perloff Marjorie , Heckman‐Stoddard Brandy , Khan Seema A. 
Published: September 2020

Oral breast cancer prevention medications entail systemic exposure, limiting acceptance by high‐risk women. Delivery through the breast skin, although an attractive alternative, requires demonstration of drug distribution throughout the breast. We conducted a randomized double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase II clinical trial comparing telapristone acetate, a progesterone receptor antagonist, administered orally (12 mg/day) or transdermally (12 mg/breast) for 4 ± 1 weeks to women planning mastectomy. Plasma and tissue concentrations, measured at five locations in the mastectomy specimen using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were compared. In 60 evaluable subjects, median drug concentration (ng/g tissue) was 103 (interquartile range (IQR): 46.3–336) in the oral vs. 2.82 (IQR: 1.4–5.5) in the transdermal group. Despite poor dermal permeation, within‐breast drug distribution pattern was identical in both groups (R2 = 0.88, P = 0.006), demonstrating that transdermally and orally delivered drug is distributed similarly through the breast, and is strongly influenced by tissue adiposity (P < 0.0001). Other skin‐penetrant drugs should be tested for breast cancer prevention.
CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol with Ga‐ and Zn‐Doped Mesoporous Cu/SiO2 Catalysts Prepared by the Aerosol‐Assisted Sol‐Gel Process**
Authors: Paris Charlie , Karelovic Alejandro , Manrique Raydel , Le Bras Solène , Devred François , Vykoukal Vit , Styskalik Ales , Eloy Pierre , Debecker Damien P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe preparation of copper‐based heterogeneous catalysts dedicated to the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol typically relies on multi‐step procedures carried out in batch. These steps are precisely tailored to introduce the active phase (Cu) and the promoters (e. g., zinc, gallium) onto a preformed support to maximize catalyst performance. However, each process step can be associated with the formation of waste and with the consumption of energy, thereby negatively impacting the environmental performance of the overall catalyst preparation procedure. Here, a direct and continuous production process is proposed for the synthesis of efficient catalysts for the CO2‐to‐methanol reaction. Gallium‐ and zinc‐promoted mesoporous Cu−SiO2 catalysts were prepared in one step by the aerosol‐assisted sol‐gel process. The catalysts consisted of spherical microparticles and featured high specific surface area and pore volume, with interconnected pores of about 6 nm. A strong promoting effect of Ga and Zn was highlighted, boosting the selectivity for methanol at the expense of CO. Upon calcination, it was shown that Cu species (initially trapped in the silica matrix) underwent a migration towards the catalyst surface and a progressive sintering. After optimization, the catalysts obtained via such direct, continuous, simple, and scalable route could compete with the best catalysts reported in the literature and obtained via multi‐step approaches.
Mesenchymal stem cells prevent overwhelming inflammation and reduce infection severity via recruiting CXCR3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Li Wenchao , Chen Weiwei , Huang Saisai , Yao Genhong , Tang Xiaojun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential in treating autoimmune diseases (ADs). Unlike the traditional immunosuppressants, which inadvertently impair patients' antimicrobial immunity, MSCs reduce the incidence and duration of respiratory infection. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown.MethodsTo investigate how MSCs regulate the lung immunity and improve the defence against respiratory infection, we infected MSC‐treated wild‐type and lupus‐prone mice with Haemophilus influenzae intranasally and determined the clearance of bacteria. Tissue damage and inflammatory cytokines were measured by H&E staining and ELISA separately. Immune cell subsets in the tissues were analysed by flow cytometry.ResultsMSC pretreatment prevented overwhelming inflammation and accelerated bacterial clearance in both wild‐type and lupus‐prone mice. Tregs increased dramatically in the lung after MSC treatment. Adoptive transfer of Tregs isolated from MSC‐treated mice offered similar protection, while deletion of Tregs abrogated the protective effects of MSCs. The majority of the intravenously injected MSCs were engulfed by lung phagocytes, which in turn produced CXCL9 and CXCL10 and recruited tremendous CXCR3+ Tregs into the lung. Compared with their CXCR3− counterparts, CXCR3+ Tregs displayed enhanced proliferation and stronger inhibitory functions. Neutralisation of CXCL9 and CXCL10 significantly downregulated the migration of CXCR3+ Tregs and eliminated the benefits of MSC pretreatment.ConclusionHere, we showed that by recruiting CXCR3+ Tregs, MSC treatment restricted the overactivation of inflammatory responses and prevented severe symptoms caused by infection. By discovering this novel property of MSCs, our study sheds light on optimising long‐term immunosuppressive regimen for autoimmune diseases and other immune disorders.
A low complex peak‐to‐average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems using a two‐dimensional interleaving strategy
Authors: Ghavidel Aghdam Mohammad Reza , Deiri Javid , Mozaffari Tazehkand Behzad , Abdolee Reza 
Published: October 2020

SummaryOne of the effective peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) reduction methods in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is the partial transmit sequence (PTS) method in which the input data stream is divided into disjoint subblocks and the subcarriers in each subblock multiplied by predefined phase factors. Consecutive data symbols corresponding to a source/user are often more correlated, so when the corresponding subcarriers are weighted by the same phase factor, a sufficient reduction in PAPR cannot be attained by the PTS algorithm in common subblocks. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a new systematic PAPR reduction method based on a two‐dimensional subcarrier mapping. Specifically, we scramble/interleave each OFDM symbol based on T‐transform to obtain a new set of subblocks which will be multiplied by predefined phase factors. In the proposed method, each one‐dimensional symbol sequence is converted to a two‐dimensional matrix, and the partitions are formed starting from the main diagonal diameters in the matrix. We present the permutation matrix and reformulate the T‐transform technique based on the permutation matrix. Through numerical experimentations, it is shown that the proposed PAPR reduction technique outperforms the previous counterparts. Also, we analyzed our proposed results by aperiodic autocorrelation function (ACF); reducing of ACF side lobes shows that our proposed method cause considerable PAPR parameter reduction respected to other methods.
Large‐scale variation in single nucleotide polymorphism density within the laboratory axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
Authors: Timoshevskaya Nataliya , Voss S. Randal , Labianca Caitlin N. , High Cassity R. , Smith Jeramiah J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecent efforts to assemble and analyze the Ambystoma mexicanum genome have dramatically improved the potential to develop molecular tools and pursue genome‐wide analyses of genetic variation.ResultsTo better resolve the distribution and origins of genetic variation with A mexicanum, we compared DNA sequence data for two laboratory A mexicanum and one A tigrinum to identify 702 million high confidence polymorphisms distributed across the 32 Gb genome. While the wild‐caught A tigrinum was generally more polymorphic in a genome‐wide sense, several multi‐megabase regions were identified from A mexicanum genomes that were actually more polymorphic than A tigrinum. Analysis of polymorphism and repeat content reveals that these regions likely originated from the intentional hybridization of A mexicanum and A tigrinum that was used to introduce the albino mutation into laboratory stocks.ConclusionsOur findings show that axolotl genomes are variable with respect to introgressed DNA from a highly polymorphic species. It seems likely that other divergent regions will be discovered with additional sequencing of A mexicanum. This has practical implications for designing molecular probes and suggests a need to study A mexicanum phenotypic variation and genome evolution across the tiger salamander clade.