bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Forced Vibration Analysis of FG Cylindrical Nanopanels Based on Mindlin’s Strain Gradient Theory and 3D Elasticity
Authors: Gholami Y. , Ansari R. , Gholami R. , Rouhi H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A numerical approach is used herein to study the primary resonant dynamics of functionally graded (FG) cylindrical nanoscale panels taking the strain gradient effects into consideration. The basic relations of the paper are written based upon Mindlin’s strain gradient theory (SGT) and three-dimensional (3D) elasticity. Since the formulation is developed using Mindlin’s SGT, it is possible to reduce it to simpler size-dependent theories including modified forms of couple stress and strain gradient theories (MCST & MSGT). The governing equations is derived and directly discretized via the variational differential quadrature technique. Then, a numerical solution technique is employed to study the nonlinear resonance response of nanopanels with various edge conditions under a harmonic load. The impacts of length scale parameter, material and geometrical parameters on the frequency–response curves of nanopanels are investigated. In addition, comparisons are provided between the predictions of MSGT, MCST and the classical elasticity theory.
“Maid to maiden”: The false promise of English for the daughters of domestic workers in post-colonial Kolkata
Authors: Chatterjee Anindita , Schluter Anne 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Drawing from a larger ethnographic study, the current article examines, through interactional sociolinguistics, interview and observation data related to English-language tutorials between two employers and their domestic workers’ daughters in two households in Kolkata. The post-colonial, South Asian context represents a site in which such scholarship has been underrepresented (see Mills and Mullany’s 2011 Language, gender and feminism). The focus of analysis is two-fold: it evaluates the existing power structures between participants, and it assesses the degree to which widespread Indian discourses about the upward mobility of English (see Graddol’s 2010 “English Next India”, published online by the British Council) are relevant to the current setting. In terms of power structures, legitimated domination (see Grillo’s 1989 Dominant languages) of the employer over her domestic worker emerges as a salient theme; however, affective attachment (adapted from Hardt’s 1999 article “Affective labor”, published in Boundary; McDowell and Dyson’s 2011 article “The other side of the knowledge economy: ‘Reproductive’ employment and affective labours in Oxford”, published in Environment and Planning) and reciprocal dependencies help to both reinforce and diminish the severity of the power asymmetry. With respect to the applicability of popular Indian discourses that equate English-language proficiency with upward mobility, the study finds little evidence of their relevance to the current context in which the subordinate positioning of gender intersects with social class to compound its constraining influence.
Religious Diversity and the Concept of Religion
Authors: Danz Christian 
Published: March 2020

Summary
The article deals with the concept of religion in the contemporary theology of religions. Many theologians in the current debate work with a general concept of religion. Such a conception of religion unifies the distinctive religious diversities. This article argues that against the background of the previous debate, a theology of religions must proceed from a concept of religion as communication. This concept emerges out of the Christian religious tradition: it carries a particular meaning and hence should not be treated as universally applicable. Starting with a concrete concept of religion, a theology of religion has the task neither to give a foundation for other “religions”, nor that of Christianity. Only this could be a basis for a real pluralistic conception. From this starting point follows the question on how other religions understand religion.
A Diachronic Analysis of the Translation of English Sound Symbolism in Italian Comics
Authors: Pischedda Pier Simone 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhonosymbolic elements such as ideophones and interjections test the translator’s ability in various ways. These forms would, in theory, require a complete change of form and substance of the source text but this has not always been possible because of graphical, cultural and linguistic reasons, and this led, in certain cases, to a foreignized target-text environment. Recent research has started to consider the relationship between verbal and visual modes as beneficial and not just as a mere constraint for the translator. This research aims to align itself with this approach in order to analyze how verbal and visual modes in Disney comic books have come together to welcome sound symbolic forms and how translators have dealt with them in Italian Disney comics, in particular. In order to clarify the behavior, function, translation and use of expressive sound symbolic devices in Italian Disney comics, this article will offer a diachronic analysis of these strategies as found in a diachronic bidirectional corpus compiled through extensive archival research.
Per Stups zum Energiesparen?
Authors: Andor Mark , Bensch Gunther , Fels Katja , Kneppel Nadine 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Zahlreiche Länder und Staatengemeinschaften in aller Welt haben sich verpflichtet, ihren Energieverbrauch drastisch zu senken. Wie dies geschehen soll, ist bislang jedoch eine offene Frage. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchen die Autoren in einer Meta-Analyse, welche Potenziale verhaltensökonomische Interventionen haben, den Energieverbrauch von privaten Haushalten zu reduzieren. Konkret geht es um vier verhaltensökonomische Interventionen, genannt Feedback, Sozialer Vergleich, Selbstbindung sowie Labeling. Die Meta-Analyse fußt dabei auf insgesamt 83 Artikeln, die über eine systematische Suche identifiziert wurden. Diese Studien legen nahe, dass Feedback, Sozialer Vergleich sowie Selbstbindung den Stromverbrauch privater Haushalte im Durchschnitt um 2 bis 4 Prozent reduzieren. Für das Labeling erlauben die vorliegenden Studien bislang keine Berechnung des zu erwartenden Durchschnittseffektes, doch es kann ein effektives Instrument darstellen. Vor einer flächendeckenden Einführung von als kosteneffizient eingeschätzten Maßnahmen zum Energiesparen empfehlen die Autoren eine systematische Ex-ante-Evaluation in der jeweiligen Zielregion.
Merchant Card Acceptance: An Extension of the Tourist Test for Developing Countries
Authors: Aurazo Jose , Vasquez Jose 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe paper extends the tourist test proposed by Rochet and Tirole (2011) to the situation of emerging countries which are characterized by informality (tax evasion through cash payments). We introduce a government which faces a cost associated to cash (resources to fight against crime minus seigniorage) and tax evasion in the base model. The main idea is that merchants benefit from tax evasion since they do not provide a receipt in cash transactions and thus pocket a fraction of the VAT. In the presence of informality, the tax benefit of cash reduces the merchants’ net operating benefit of accepting card sales. The tourist test aims to determine a maximum interchange fee (the fee that the acquirer pays to the issuer whenever a card transaction is done) which makes the merchant indifferent between accepting cash or card. In this new environment, the tourist test threshold now internalizes this tax benefit of accepting cash. We assess the socially optimal interchange fees in this new model setup derived from three different social maximization functions.
FATORES (IN)CONSCIENTES QUE INFLUENCIARAM UMA ÍTALO-BRASILEIRA A USAR PROGRESSIVAMENTE O PORTUGUÊS EM DETRIMENTO DA VARIEDADE ITALIANA
Authors: Horst Cristiane , Krug Marcelo Jacó , Bernieri Simone Raquel 
Published: March 2020

Com o presente artigo buscou-se compreender os fatores (in)conscientes que influenciaram a decisão de uma ítalo-brasileira com hoje 90 anos, cuja língua materna foi uma variedade italiana, a usar progressivamente com mais dominância, o português em detrimento de sua primeira língua. Investigou-se de que forma a língua instituída como língua nacional, no caso o português, foi gradualmente ganhando mais espaço e dominância na vida do informante desta pesquisa. A metodologia utilizada foi gravação audiovisual da aplicação do questionário (meta)linguístico e análise dos dados. As motivações que fizeram com que uma analfabeta saísse de sua "zona de conforto" e aprendesse uma nova língua, foram distintas em cada período de sua vida: Primeiramente foi o medo da punição empregada aos que não falassem o português no Brasil na década de 30 durante o Estado Novo, sob o governo de Getúlio Vargas, levando-a a usar português em contatos sociais e a variedade italiana no seio familiar. Em conjunto a isso, havia o receio em ofender os que eram apenas falantes de português ao usar a variedade. Posteriormente, com o nascimento dos filhos, a motivação em usar o português surgiu da preocupação de que estes tivessem uma vida escolar bem sucedida, e para isso a variedade não poderia “atrapalhar" o desenvolvimento das habilidades com o português. Neste período, no convívio familiar, tanto a variedade quanto a língua portuguesa eram utilizadas. Com o nascimento dos netos, a preocupação, foi de estreitar laços afetivos, aproximando-se deles com o uso do idioma que compreendiam; a língua portuguesa, passando assim, com a chegada dos netos a usar o português com maior dominância. Palavras-chave: Bilinguismo; Fatores de substituição linguística; Língua de imigração italiana; Português.
Astrocytes Modulate Baroreflex Sensitivity at the Level of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract
Authors: Mastitskaya Svetlana , Turovsky Egor , Marina Nephtali , Theparambil Shefeeq M. , Hadjihambi Anna , Kasparov Sergey , Teschemacher Anja G. , Ramage Andrew G. , Gourine Alexander V. , Hosford Patrick S. 
Published: March 2020

Maintenance of cardiorespiratory homeostasis depends on autonomic reflexes controlled by neuronal circuits of the brainstem. The neurophysiology and neuroanatomy of these reflex pathways are well understood, however, the mechanisms and functional significance of autonomic circuit modulation by glial cells remain largely unknown. In the experiments conducted in male laboratory rats we show that astrocytes of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the brain area that receives and integrates sensory information from the heart and blood vessels, respond to incoming afferent inputs with [Ca2+]ielevations. Astroglial [Ca2+]iresponses are triggered by transmitters released by vagal afferents, glutamate acting at AMPA receptors and 5-HT acting at 5-HT2Areceptors. In conscious freely behaving animals blockade of Ca2+-dependent vesicular release mechanisms in NTS astrocytes by virally driven expression of a dominant-negative SNARE protein (dnSNARE) increased baroreflex sensitivity by 70% (p< 0.001). This effect of compromised astroglial function was specific to the NTS as expression of dnSNARE in astrocytes of the ventrolateral brainstem had no effect. ATP is considered the principle gliotransmitter and is released by vesicular mechanisms blocked by dnSNARE expression. Consistent with this hypothesis, in anesthetized rats, pharmacological activation of P2Y1purinoceptors in the NTS decreased baroreflex gain by 40% (p= 0.031), whereas blockade of P2Y1receptors increased baroreflex gain by 57% (p= 0.018). These results suggest that glutamate and 5-HT, released by NTS afferent terminals, trigger Ca2+-dependent astroglial release of ATP to modulate baroreflex sensitivity via P2Y1receptors. These data add to the growing body of evidence supporting an active role of astrocytes in brain information processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCardiorespiratory reflexes maintain autonomic balance and ensure cardiovascular health. Impaired baroreflex may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and serves as a robust predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The data obtained in this study suggest that astrocytes are integral components of the brainstem mechanisms that process afferent information and modulate baroreflex sensitivity via the release of ATP. Any condition associated with higher levels of “ambient” ATP in the NTS would be expected to decrease baroreflex gain by the mechanism described here. As ATP is the primary signaling molecule of glial cells (astrocytes, microglia), responding to metabolic stress and inflammatory stimuli, our study suggests a plausible mechanism of how the central component of the baroreflex is affected in pathological conditions.
The Physical Mechanisms ofDrosophilaGastrulation: Mesoderm and Endoderm Invagination
Authors: Martin Adam C 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA critical juncture in early development is the partitioning of cells that will adopt different fates into three germ layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. This step is achieved through the internalization of specified cells from the outermost surface layer, through a process called gastrulation. In Drosophila, gastrulation is achieved through cell shape changes (i.e., apical constriction) that change tissue curvature and lead to the folding of a surface epithelium. Folding of embryonic tissue results in mesoderm and endoderm invagination, not as individual cells, but as collective tissue units. The tractability of Drosophila as a model system is best exemplified by how much we know about Drosophila gastrulation, from the signals that pattern the embryo to the molecular components that generate force, and how these components are organized to promote cell and tissue shape changes. For mesoderm invagination, graded signaling by the morphogen, Spätzle, sets up a gradient in transcriptional activity that leads to the expression of a secreted ligand (Folded gastrulation) and a transmembrane protein (T48). Together with the GPCR Mist, which is expressed in the mesoderm, and the GPCR Smog, which is expressed uniformly, these signals activate heterotrimeric G-protein and small Rho-family G-protein signaling to promote apical contractility and changes in cell and tissue shape. A notable feature of this signaling pathway is its intricate organization in both space and time. At the cellular level, signaling components and the cytoskeleton exhibit striking polarity, not only along the apical–basal cell axis, but also within the apical domain. Furthermore, gene expression controls a highly choreographed chain of events, the dynamics of which are critical for primordium invagination; it does not simply throw the cytoskeletal “on” switch. Finally, studies of Drosophila gastrulation have provided insight into how global tissue mechanics and movements are intertwined as multiple tissues simultaneously change shape. Overall, these studies have contributed to the view that cells respond to forces that propagate over great distances, demonstrating that cellular decisions, and, ultimately, tissue shape changes, proceed by integrating cues across an entire embryo.
Еміль Балецький - дослідник закарпатських українських говорів (другий етап наукової діяльності) До 100-річчя від дня народження
Authors: БАРАНЬ ЄЛИЗАВЕТА 
Published: March 2020

Emil Baleczky (his pseudonyms: E. Latorchanin, O. Vyshchak, and his cryptonym: E. A.) is one of the most prominent personalities in the history of Ukrainian studies in Hungary in the twentieth century. His main scientific interests include Transcarpathian dialectology and historical lexicology of the Ukrainian language.
The second stage of the scientist's professional carrier is connected with the University of Budapest, where in 1951, Emil Baleczky was appointed head of the Department of the Russian Language at the Institute of Foreign Languages, and at the same time assistant professor of the Russian Institute at the University.
Among the scientific interests of Emil Baleczky was the investigation of lexical units commonly used in Transcarpathia, first of all, in terms of their etymology. Among the achievements of the researcher, special attention must be paid to Emil Baleczky's attempt to determine the origin of some borrowed words, including those originally Slavic, which are common in the Carpathian Ukrainian dialects.
Emil Baleczky performed a deep etymological and lingual-geographical analysis of the word урик, урюк, орек in the Ukrainian language, that of the word дюг widespread in Precarpathian Ukrainian, Polish, and Slovakian dialects, and also that of the noun kert in Transcarpathian Ukrainian dialects. The author devoted a separate paper to the study of the origin of dialecticisms like фотляк, csulka ~ csurka, бôшн’ак, булґар’, валах, ґириґ, тôўт, and циганин, investigated the etymology of the terms of national dishes widespread in Carpathian Ukrainian dialects, in particular of the token бáник. He considered the role of the Old Church Slavonic language in the history of the Carpathian Ukrainian dialects.
According to his contemporaries, it is known that Emil Baleczky did not maintain official connections with the Soviet Transcarpathians but was surprisingly well-informed about the scientific processes in his native land. He analyzed the works contained in the two editions of the Dialectological Collection of Uzhgorod State University. In addition to examining the issues raised, Baleczky complemented, specified, and sometimes criticized the achievements of his colleagues, which indicates his deep knowledge of Transcarpathian Ukrainian dialectology.
Thus, we can state that Emil Baleczky's works testify the high professionalism of the author, his profound knowledge in the field of synchronic and diachronic dialectology. The love of Transcarpathian dialects inspired the researcher to study them thoroughly as well as to present the research results to the general public of Slavists. The main area of Emil Baleczky's scientific interest until the end of his life was Ukrainian linguistics, particularly Transcarpathian Ukrainian dialectology.
The aim of this paper is to present the Emil Baleczky's achievements in the field of Transcarpathian Ukrainian dialectology, focusing on the period from 1957 to 1979.
Ориентализмы-антропонимы в южнославянских устойчивых сравнениях
Authors: КУЗНЕЦОВА И. В. 
Published: March 2020

The author discusses similes of southern Slavs (Bulgarians and peoples of the former Yugoslavia, i.e. Bosnians, Serbs, Croats, and Montenegrins) with a semantically similar component such as an anthroponym of Oriental origin. The author deals with both outdated similes and those that are actively used nowadays.
Orientalisms usually include words belonging to different groups of Turkic as well as Iranian and Arab-Semitic languages. Historical events and language contacts contributed to the borrowing of thematically diverse Orientalisms by South Slavic languages. The result of the five-century domination of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula is borrowing from the Old Ottoman (Old Turkish) language, which became both the source language and (often) the intermediate language through which Arabisms and Persisms entered the South Slavic recipient languages. Therefore, in Bulgaria, the term Turkish-Arabic-Persian words is used to refer to this vocabulary. In addition to the Arab-Persian elements, the old Ottoman language is rich in borrowings from other languages (e.g. Greek). The term Turkish usually refers to the vocabulary of the old Ottoman rather than the modern Turkish language. Due to the vastness of anthroponyms of Oriental origin as a special genetic layer of South Slavic vocabulary, the author analyzes the expressions that denote a person in such aspects as intelligence, gender, and occupation.
Oriental vocabulary penetrated into the languages of Southern Slavs mainly through oral spoken language. The degree of penetration of Turkish words into the languages of the peoples of Southern Slavia is different. The outcome of borrowings also varies: they either remained in the recipient languages as exoticism, or have been completely assimilated in them. During semantic adaptation in the language that accepts Oriental vocabulary, there is sometimes an expansion or contraction of the meaning of a word. Many of the Turkish words that make up the comparison became historicisms and entered the passive vocabulary and in the modern language they are not used because of the disappearance of the realities they denote (for example, words associated with the system of administration in the Ottoman era). Another reason for transition into the passive vocabulary in the Balkans is the process of replacing the original words.
The paper defines the functional, semantic, and stylistic status of Eastern vocabulary in different social and cultural layers (standard languages and dialects) of South Slavic similes. Due to historical reasons, the greatest number of borrowings from the Turkish language as a part of similes is observed in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as in Shtokavian dialects of Croatia. In addition to this, the author gives cultural, historical, and etymological comments to similes, analyzing the meaning of units and components that are parts of similes.
Improved Parametric Models for Explosion Pressure Signals Derived From Large Datasets
Authors: Schnurr Julie , Kim Keehoon , Garces Milton A. , Rodgers Arthur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Accurate recording and characterization of explosion-induced pressure signals are key components of the forensic analysis of explosion events in the atmosphere. Parametric overpressure models based on several key waveform features (peak overpressure, positive pulse duration, and impulse) are widely used to estimate explosion energy in terms of trinitrotoluene equivalent yield. However, those models are often developed by a limited dataset, including only a few events or recordings at relatively short propagation distances. Here, we develop empirical waveform-parameter models based on a regression analysis of a large set of data curated from four chemical explosion experiments including 16 detonations. We measured peak overpressure and impulse for positive and negative phases from ∼1000 pressure signals recorded at local ranges (&lt;20  km) with scaled distance up to 8000  m/kg1/3. The measured waveform parameters showed large variation with respect to observing distances indicating the effects of atmospheric propagation. In this study, a second-order polynomial model was used in a least-squares regression to account for those propagation effects and to improve data fitting. In addition to model parameters for waveform features, we also determined range-dependent model uncertainties based on data variance. The model uncertainty represents the prediction error of our models and can be critical to evaluating the uncertainty of yield estimate.