bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End‐to‐end feature fusion Siamese network for adaptive visual tracking
Authors: Guo Dongyan , Wang Jun , Zhao Weixuan , Cui Ying , Wang Zhenhua , Chen Shengyong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccording to observations, different visual objects have different salient features in different scenarios. Even for the same object, its salient shape and appearance features may change greatly from time to time in a long‐term tracking task. Motivated by them, an end‐to‐end feature fusion framework was proposed based on the Siamese network, named FF‐Siam, which can effectively fuse different features for adaptive visual tracking. The framework consists of four layers. A feature extraction layer is designed to extract the different features of the target region and search region. The extracted features are then put into a weight generation layer to obtain the channel weights, which indicate the importance of different feature channels. Both features and the channel weights are utilised in a template generation layer to generate a discriminative template. Finally, the corresponding response maps created by the convolution of the search region features and the template are applied with a fusion layer to obtain the final response map for locating the target. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance on the popular Temple‐Colour, OTB50 and UAV123 benchmarks.
An innovate approach for retinal blood vessel segmentation using mixture of supervised and unsupervised methods
Authors: Sayed Md. Abu , Saha Sajib , Rahaman G. M. Atiqur , Ghosh Tanmai K. , Kanagasingam Yogesan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSegmentation of retinal blood vessels is a very important diagnostic procedure in ophthalmology. Segmenting blood vessels in the presence of pathological lesions is a major challenge. In this paper, an innovative approach to segment the retinal blood vessel in the presence of pathology is proposed. The method combines both supervised and unsupervised approaches in the retinal imaging context. Two innovative descriptors named local Haar pattern and modified speeded up robust features are also proposed. Experiments are conducted on three publicly available datasets named: DRIVE, STARE and CHASE DB1, and the proposed method has been compared against the state‐of‐the‐art methods. The proposed method is found about 1% more accurate than the best performing supervised method and 2% more accurate than the state‐of‐the‐art Nguyen et al.’s method.
Gender discrimination, age group classification and carried object recognition from gait energy image using fusion of parallel convolutional neural network
Authors: Russel Newlin Shebiah , Selvaraj Arivazhagan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAge and gender are the two key attributes for healthy social interactions, access control, intelligence marketing etc. Likewise, carried object recognition helps in identifying owner of the baggage being abandoned or the person littering in the public places. The above‐mentioned surveillance task displays discriminative characteristics in gait. Primates can accomplish scene context understanding and reacting to different circumstances with varying reflexes with ease. Human beings achieve this by recollecting prior experiences and adapting to new situations quickly. Modelling the human behaviour, this research work has combined customized and learnable filters so that knowledge database can always be kept up to date, as well as, provides flexibility in learning new contexts. Thus, a specialized parallel deep convolutional neural network architecture with customized filters that extracts intrinsic characteristics and data driven learnable filters are fused to enhance the performance of single convolutional neural network is proposed. From the experimentation it is observed that, the learning is augmented when customized filters and learnable filters are fused together. Results show that the proposed system achieves better performance for CASIA B datAQ2abase and OU‐ISIR gait database‐large population dataset with age and real‐life carried object.
Parameter‐space‐based robust control of event‐triggered heterogene‐ous platoon
Authors: Ma Fangwu , Wang Jiawei , Yu Yang , Wu Liang , Liu Zhenze , Aksun‐Guvenc Bilin , Guvenc Levent 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA parameter‐space‐based robust platooning controller for the event‐triggered heterogeneous platoon is presented. The novel heterogeneous platoon is established with different longitudinal vehicle dynamic and driving preferences and the event‐triggered communication scheme is designed to reduce the utilization of communication resources. To handle the stricter demand of the heterogeneous system and the disturbance caused by event‐triggered communication scheme, the parameter space approach is adopted to optimize the gains of a robust controller. The feasible region where internal stability and string stability are satisfied is then visualized in the parameters space, by extending the parameter space approach to the D‐stability and frequency response magnitude specifications. Subsequently, the robust controller, which combines the feedforward loop and feedback loop, is developed by selecting the gain from the feasible solution area. The simulation results of the event‐triggered heterogeneous platoon are presented and evaluated to verify the efficiency of this control algorithm. It is seen that the internal stability and string stability of the event‐triggered heterogeneous platoon are guaranteed by this robust controller. Furthermore, 89.7% of communication resources are saved by the application of event‐triggered communication scheme, while the following performance is also favourable during the highway fuel economy cycle.
Clinical and radiological results after Internal Brace suture versus the all-inside reconstruction technique in anterior cruciate ligament tears 12 to 18 months after index surgery
Authors: Mattiassich Georg , Ortmaier Reinhold , Kindermann Harald , Barthofer Jürgen , Vasvary Imre , Kulnik Stefan Tino , Katzensteiner Klaus , Leister Iris 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can lead to reduced function, meniscal lesions, and early joint degeneration. Preservation of a torn ACL using the Internal Brace technique might re-establish normal knee kinematics, avoid donor-site morbidity due to tendon harvesting, and potentially maintain proprioception of the knee.Methods Fifty subjects were recruited for this study between December 2015 and October 2016. Two groups of individuals who sustained a unilateral ACL rupture were included: those who underwent surgery with preservation of the injured ACL (Internal Brace technique; IB) and those who underwent ACL reconstruction using a hamstring tendon graft (all-inside technique; AI). Subjective self-administered scores were used: the German version of the IKDC Subjective Knee Form (International Knee Documentation Committee), the German version of the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index), SF-36 (short form), the German version of the KOOS (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), and the German version of themodified Lysholm Score by Lysholm and Gillquist. Anterior tibial translation was assessed using the KT-1000 Arthrometer (KT-1000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer, MEDmetric Corp., San Diego, CA, USA). Magnetic resonance evaluation was performed in all cases.Results Twenty-three subjects (46 %) were men, and the mean age was 34.7 years. The objective IKDC scores were “normal” in 15 and 14 patients, “nearly normal” in 11 and 7 patients, and “abnormal” in 1 and 2 patients, in the IB and AI groups, respectively. KT-1000 assessment showed a sideto-side difference of more than 3 mm on maximum manual testing in 11 (44 %) and 6 subjects (28.6 %) in the IB and AI groups, respectively. In the postoperative MRI, 20 (74 %) and 22 subjects (96 %) in the IB and AI groups had an intact ACL. Anterior tibial translation was significantly higher in the IB group compared with the AI group in the manual maximum test.Conclusions Preservation of the native ACL with the Internal Brace primary repair technique can achieve comparable results to ACL reconstruction using Hamstring autografts over a short term. Clinically relevant limitations such as a higher incidence of pathologic laxity, with patients more prone to pivot-shift phenomenon were observed during the study period.
Transoral outlet reduction: could additional sutures cause more harm?
Authors: Farha Jad , Gebran Selim , Itani Mohamad I. , Simsek Cem , Abbarh Shahem , Lopez Ariana , Haq Zadid , Koller Kristen , Dunlap Margo , Adam Atif , Khashab Mouen A. , Oberbach Andreas , Schweitzer Michael , Badurdeen Dilhana , Kumbhari Vivek 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The double purse-string pattern (DPSP) of transoral outlet reduction (TORe) should conceivably result in a more robust scaffolding for the gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA). However, there is a paucity of literature pertaining to post-TORe stenosis as an adverse event. Our aim was to determine the rate of stenosis, its potential predictors, and other complications of DPSP TORe.
Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 129 consecutive patients who underwent DPSP TORe between December 2015 and August 2019.
Results The adverse event rate of TORe was 17.1 % (n = 22), with a 13.3 % (n = 17) rate of stenosis. Stenosis was not significantly associated with any baseline characteristics. GJA diameter pre- and post-TORe, the difference between these values, and procedure duration were not predictive of stenosis. Of patients who developed stenosis, 10 (58.8 %) responded to endoscopic balloon dilation and 7 (41.2 %) required stent placement.
Conclusion As the DPSP technique is a challenging procedure, with high complication rate and limited benefit, it should not be used for TORe.
Generation of high-power few-cycle femtosecond IR pulses by double-chirp parametric amplification
Authors: Frolov S.A. , Trunov V.I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present an energy scalable configuration for the generation of high-power few-cycle femtosecond IR pulses based on the sequential parametric amplification of chirped radiation pulses at the idler (0.86 μm) and signal (1.39 μm) wavelengths from the multi-terawatt femtosecond laser system made at the Institute of Laser Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ILP SB RAS). The configuration under consideration involves the sequential production of radiation pulses with centre wavelengths of 2.24, 3.56, and 7.25 μm. The conditions are determined for the generation of few-cycle pulses with a terawatt peak power in the 3.56 μm (15.8 fs, 1.5 cycles) and 7.25 μm (17.2 fs, shorter than one cycle) domains. The phase transfer between signal and idler waves in the double-chirp parametric amplification is investigated for the first time.
Adaptive system for wavefront correction of the PEARL laser facility
Authors: Soloviev A.A. , Kotov A.V. , Perevalov S.E. , Esyunin M.V. , Starodubtsev M.V. , Alexandrov A.G. , Galaktionov I.V. , Samarkin V.V. , Kudryashov A.V. , Ginzburg V.N. , Korobeynikova A.P. , Kochetkov A.A. , Kuzmin A.A. , Shaykin A.A. , Yakovlev I.V. , Khazanov E.A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The results of the operation of a wavefront correction system based on a deformable bimorph mirror of the PEARL subpetawatt laser facility are presented. An improvement in the quality of focusing of laser radiation, which led to an increase in the Strehl ratio from 0.3 to 0.6, is demonstrated. The features of the compensation for phase distortions of the wavefront in the case of a low pulse repetition rate, as well as the correct allowance for the noise of the CCD camera when calculating the Strehl ratio are investigated.
AlGaInAs/InP semiconductor lasers with an ultra-narrow waveguide and an increased electron barrier
Authors: Svetogorov V.N. , Ryaboshtan Yu.L. , Ladugin M.A. , Padalitsa A.A. , Volkov N.A. , Marmalyuk A.A. , Slipchenko S.O. , Lyutetskii A.V. , Veselov D.A. , Pikhtin N.A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Semiconductor lasers based on AlGaInAs/InP heterostructures with an ultra-narrow waveguide and an increased electron barrier layer are developed. It is shown that the use of this waveguide in conjunction with profiled doping ensures a balance between internal optical losses and heat resistance. Additional use of strained wide-bandgap layers as blocking barriers limiting electron leakage from the active region makes it possible to increase the output power at the same pump current. The developed lasers with a stripe contact 100 μm wide demonstrate at room temperature an output optical power of 4.0 – 4.4 W (pump current 14 A) in a continuous-wave regime and 15 – 17 W (100 A) in a pulsed regime (100 ns, 1 kHz) at wavelengths of 1450 – 1500 nm.
A goal-driven modular neural network predicts parietofrontal neural dynamics during grasping
Authors: Michaels Jonathan A. , Schaffelhofer Stefan , Agudelo-Toro Andres , Scherberger Hansjörg 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Grasping objects is something primates do effortlessly, but how does our brain coordinate such a complex task? Multiple brain areas across the parietal and frontal cortices of macaque monkeys are essential for shaping the hand during grasping, but we lack a comprehensive model of grasping from vision to action. In this work, we show that multiarea neural networks trained to reproduce the arm and hand control required for grasping using the visual features of objects also reproduced neural dynamics in grasping regions and the relationships between areas, outperforming alternative models. Simulated lesion experiments revealed unique deficits paralleling lesions to specific areas in the grasping circuit, providing a model of how these areas work together to drive behavior.
Human sapovirus propagation in human cell lines supplemented with bile acids
Authors: Takagi Hirotaka , Oka Tomoichiro , Shimoike Takashi , Saito Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Takayuki , Takahashi Tomoko , Tatsumi Chika , Kataoka Michiyo , Wang Qiuhong , Saif Linda J. , Noda Mamoru 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Human sapoviruses (HuSaV) are an important cause of diarrhea and foodborne infections worldwide. Despite the discovery of HuSaVs over 40 y ago, no in vitro cell culture system has been established, limiting research on this important pathogen. In this study, we report successful propagation of HuSaV in a human duodenum cell line in the presence of bile acids. Bile acids are biological components in the intestinal tract, and they recapitulate key physiologic factors present in the viral infection site in the intestine. This inexpensive, reproducible and scalable in vitro cell culture system provides a fundamental scientific tool for HuSaV research and development of infection control strategies in the future.
Targeting presynaptic H3 heteroreceptor in nucleus accumbens to improve anxiety and obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yang , Peng Shi-Yu , Shen Li-Ping , Zhuang Qian-Xing , Li Bin , Xie Shu-Tao , Li Qian-Xiao , Shi Ming-Run , Ma Tian-Yu , Zhang Qipeng , Wang Jian-Jun , Zhu Jing-Ning 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are highly prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders commonly co-occurring in our stressful modern life. Yet the common effective therapeutic target is still unknown. Here we report that activation of the histaminergic afferent system, particularly the histamine H3 receptor, in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core, a vital node in the limbic loop, inhibits glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the circuit from the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (PrL) to NAc and improves both anxiety- and obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors induced by restraint stress. Our results define a common glutamatergic PrL–NAc circuit involved in both anxiety- and obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors modulated by the H3 presynaptic heteroreceptor and pave a path for developing potential strategies for clinical treatment of anxiety and OCD.
Time-dependent discrimination advantages for harmonic sounds suggest efficient coding for memory
Authors: McPherson Malinda J. , McDermott Josh H. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Sensory systems transduce information at high bandwidths but have limited memory resources, necessitating compressed storage formats. We probed auditory memory representations by measuring discrimination with and without time delays between sounds. Participants judged which of two sounds was higher. Discrimination across delays was better for harmonic sounds (containing integer multiples of a fundamental frequency, like many natural sounds) than for inharmonic sounds (with random frequencies), despite being comparably accurate without delays. Listeners appear to transition between a high-fidelity but short-lasting representation of a sound’s spectrum, and a compact but enduring representation that summarizes harmonic spectra with their fundamental frequency. The results demonstrate a form of abstraction within audition whereby memory representations differ in format from representations used for on-line judgments.
Planning universal accessibility to public health care in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Falchetta Giacomo , Hammad Ahmed T. , Shayegh Soheil 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Achieving universal health care access is a key development priority and a target of Sustainable Development Goal number 3. The COVID-19 pandemic has only reinforced this urge. A rapid expansion of public, affordable health care infrastructure is particularly crucial in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): communicable diseases are the first cause of death, infant mortality rates are above 5%, and lengthy journeys to health care facilities undermine the accessibility to basic health care for millions. This paper provides a planning-oriented, inequality-focused analysis of health care accessibility in SSA based on a state-of-the-art georeferenced database of public health care facilities. We devise a spatial optimization framework to identify the optimal location and required bed capacity of public health care facilities in the region.
The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 rescues cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lonnemann Niklas , Hosseini Shirin , Marchetti Carlo , Skouras Damaris B. , Stefanoni Davide , D’Alessandro Angelo , Dinarello Charles A. , Korte Martin 
Published: December 2020

Significance
IL-1β is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is overexpressed in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular complex that activates caspase-1, which processes the IL-1β and IL-18 precursors into active molecules. In this study, we used an APP/PS1 mouse model for AD, which confirms significant cognitive losses that are recovered in NLRP3-deficient mice, to evaluate the therapeutic potential of an orally bioavailable and safe NLRP3 inhibitor, OLT1177. OLT1177 ameliorated the phenotype in APP/PS1 mice, as evidenced by rescued spatial learning and memory in the Morris water maze test. Microglia were less activated, cortical plaques reduced, and plasma AD metabolic markers were normalized. OLT1177 is a potential therapeutic option for AD.
The potential harms of the Tor anonymity network cluster disproportionately in free countries
Authors: Jardine Eric , Lindner Andrew M. , Owenson Gareth 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Measuring the proportion of Tor anonymity network users who employ the system for malicious purposes is important as this technology can facilitate child abuse, the sale of illicit drugs, and the distribution of malware. We show that only a small fraction of users globally (∼6.7%) likely use Tor for malicious purposes on an average day. However, this proportion clusters unevenly across countries, with more potentially malicious Tor users in “free” countries (∼7.8%) than in “not free” regimes (∼4.8%). These results suggest that the countries which host most of the infrastructure of the network and house the Tor Project plausibly experience a disproportional amount of harm from the Tor anonymity network.
TAT-RasGAP317-326kills cells by targeting inner-leaflet–enriched phospholipids
Authors: Serulla Marc , Ichim Gabriel , Stojceski Filip , Grasso Gianvito , Afonin Sergii , Heulot Mathieu , Schober Tim , Roth Robyn , Godefroy Cédric , Milhiet Pierre-Emmanuel , Das Kushal , García-Sáez Ana J. , Danani Andrea , Widmann Christian 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceTAT-RasGAP317–326can lyse cancer cells in a manner distinct from known programmed cell death pathways through its ability to target specific plasma membrane lipids. The killing properties of this peptide may therefore be difficult for cancer cells to alleviate through resistance-building alterations within known regulated cell death pathways. TAT-RasGAP317–326and compounds with similar anticancer activities can potentially complement existing anticancer therapies based on the use of genotoxins or radiation that induce apoptosis.
“A cool kid”
Authors: Bao Hongwei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article traces the historical moment when queer theory first arrived in mainland China in the early 2000s by comparing and contrasting two translated texts in Chinese: Wang Fengzhen’s bookGuaiyi Lilun[Peculiar Theory] and Li Yinhe’s bookKu’er Lilun[A Cool Kid Theory]. Juxtaposing the two translators’ positioning and marketing strategies, along with their use of paratexts such as book cover design and translator’s prefaces, this article aims to explain whyKu’er Lilunended up being a more popular and widely circulated text thanGuaiyi Lilun. It also pinpoints the cultural specificities of queer theory’s reception in the postsocialist Chinese context at the beginning of the new millennium. This article hopes to provide critical insights into the politics of translating academic theories transnationally, with a focus on paratextual, extratextual, and contextual factors which work in tandem to shape the reception of these theories in a non-Western context.
Large-dynamic-range athermal lithium niobite on insulator/ TiO2 nanobeam electric field sensor
Authors: Ma Xinyu , Zhuang Chijie , Zeng Rong , Zhou Weidong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An integrated optical electric field (E-field) sensor based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal nanobeam cavity on a lithium niobite on insulator (LNOI) platform is reported here. It has a large dynamic range and extreme sensitivity. The dielectric resonant mode has a quality factor
Q
≳ 105. The waveguide-coupled structure, only 25 μm long, is beneficial for future on-chip integration. The use of TiO2 compensates for the thermo-optical effect of lithium niobite (LN), while the high dielectric constant of TiO2 influences the E-field distribution. A tri-layer TiO2/LNOI/TiO2 nanobeam structure is proposed to improve electro-optical modulation efficiency in LN. Detailed analysis of noise sources shows the theoretical minimum detectable E-field to be 0.15 V m−1 with a dynamic range of 83 dB. The temperature-induced resonant wavelength variation is within 3 pm °C−1 in the range of −40 °C to 40 °C.