bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Strategies for Developing Tuberculosis Implementation Research in Sudan
Authors: Elshayeb Ayman Ahmed , Ahmed Nihad Mohammed , Salih Karimeldin Mohammed , Nugoud Osama Abu Zaid , Yagoub Abd Allah Elnayeb , Ali Abdel Karim Sabir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Sudan, especially Eastern States are very poor areas at great risk of endemic and communicable diseases particularly tuberculosis. The reasons for the spread and transmission of this disease include medical, economical and geographical issues, besides Sudan’s location in the middle of nine countries in East Africa, its boundaries were affected by free movement, high number of conflicts displaced peoples from boarders’ countries, high illiteracy rates, limited financial resources and shortages in medical services. Objectives: This project is conducted to implement a new developed system for eliminating Tuberculosis infections among eastern Sudanese populations focusing on the eradication of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis including novel methods for the targeted delivery of new therapeutic drugs. Conceptual Methodology: Strategies adopted in this work are proposed to increase access includes to communicable and economic factors. Disease Survey and Laboratorial Investigation for Multi Drug Resistant bacterial strains confirmation. Medical Assessment of TB Patients to facilitate improved efficiencies through metric measurement and enable patients’ relationship management. Established a national level policy of treatment, vaccination and prevention. Administering regular evaluation of the disease situation and control.Results: Implementation outcomes includes the conceptual framework for this project were informed by a combination of the general program logic model, the health system framework of the World Health Organization, WHO, the pillars of the Sudan health agenda, and the framework of the Strategic Elimination Plan. It is assumed that the reduction of TB burden at the national level (long-term output or impact) is preceded by improved case-finding and case-holding practices (short-term output). Impact outcome of the project is derived from the observation that tuberculosis is much more common at the boarders than center of Sudan where no adequate clinical services are available. It is conceivable that, although outbreaks may occur periodically, the control of disease might be easier to overcome than direct medication.Conclusion: A major success of the project accomplishment, is the stimulation of the implementation strategy development for elimination and eradication of Tuberculosis in Sudan with a view to bring diagnostic and surveillance issues much higher up according to the implementation research agenda especially for those areas explored with similar national and international research projects, reports and technical initiatives.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Quidel Sofia Rapid Influenza Fluorescent Immunoassay in Patients with Influenza-like illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jonghoo , Song Jae-Uk 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the Quidel Sofia rapid influenza fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) is widely used to identify influenza A and B, the diagnostic accuracy of this test remains unclear. We compared the diagnostic performances of this test with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and a hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic curve (HSROC) of this test for identifying influenza A and B were pooled using meta-analysis. A sensitivity and subgroup analysis was used to identify potential sources of heterogeneity within the selected studies.Results: We identified seventeen studies comprising 8,334 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR of the Quidel Sofia rapid influenza FIA to identify influenza A were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.71–0.83), 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98–0.99), and 251.26 (95% CI, 139.39–452.89), respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of this test to identify influenza B were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60–0.82), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96-0.99), and 140.20 (95% CI, 55.92-351.54), respectively. The area under the HSROC for this test was similar for identification of influenza A and influenza B. Age was considered a probable source of heterogeneity.Conclusions: The pooled sensitivities of the Quidel Sofia rapid influenza FIA did not quite meet the target level (≥80%) for both influenza A and B. The interpretation of data should be carefully considered due to substantial between-study heterogeneity.
Evaluation on the Characteristics of Gut Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats Induced by Dihydrotestosterone or Letrozole
Authors: Zheng Yanhua , Ma Hongxia , Xu Ying , Liang Chengjie , Yang Tong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unclear. Recent reports indicated that the gut microbiome of PCOS patients and rodents has changed. In this study, we induced the nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LET) to induce PCOS model rat to compare the bacterial diversity distribution within and between the two groups. The molecular ecology of the fecal gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Our study found that DHT can reduce the microbial richness in rats. PCoA plots confirmed that DHT group was statistically significantly separated from C group and LET group. At phylum level, DHT led to a decrease in Bacteroidetes as well as an increase in Cyanobacteria, Tenericutes, Actinobacteria, Spirochaetae and Saccharibacteria. At genus level, LEfSe analysis showed that genus of Bifidobacteriales, Vibro, Peptococcus and Turicibacter played roles in the letrozole induced PCOS rats. And Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus_1, Ruminiclostridium, Anaerotruncus and Anaeroplasma played vital roles in the intestine of DHT induced PCOS rats.
Effect of Different Sweeteners on the Oral Microbiota and Immune System of Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Cheng Xi , Guo Xiurong , Huang Feihong , Lei Hui , Zhou Quan , Song Can 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sucrose, xylose, and saccharin are common beverage additives used by humans. Long-term consumption of beverages containing these substances will inevitably affect the oral immune system and the composition of healthy oral microbiomes. In this study, we used 24 Sprague Dawley rats and divided them into four groups. Each group was fed water containing a specific dose of sucrose, saccharin, xylose, or pure water 12 hours a day for eight weeks. To determine the changes in composition, community structure, and functions of the oral microbiomes of rats, we collected oral microbiome samples and subjected them to high-throughput sequencing at the end of eight weeks. Meanwhile, ELISA was performed using the saliva samples from rats to estimate the concentrations of salivary immunoglobulin, to reveal the effect of sweetener on the oral immune system. Sequencing results showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, were the predominant phyla in all the groups. In additions, we found that the oral microbial diversity of rats drinking sucrose water was significantly higher than that of rats in the other groups. Our results indicate that drinking water containing sweeteners could influence oral immunity as well as the composition, metabolic function, and diversity of the oral microbiota, thereby disrupting the original oral micro-ecosystem.
Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Animal Models of Acute Brain Injuries: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Laflamme Mathieu , Haghbayan Hourmazd , Lalu Manoj M , Zarychanski Ryan , Lauzier Francois , Boutin Amelie , Macleod Malcolm R , Fergusson Dean A , Moore Lynne , Costerousse Olivier , Lacroix Jacques , Wellington Cheryl , Hutchison Jamie , Turgeon Alexis F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Anemia is common in neurocritically ill patients. Considering the limited clinical evidence in this population, preclinical data may provide some understanding of the potential impact of anemia and of red blood cell transfusion in these patients. We aim to estimate the association between different transfusion strategies and neurobehavioral outcome in animal models.Methods: We will conduct a systematic review of comparative studies of red blood cell transfusion strategies using animal models of traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases for eligible studies. Two independent reviewers will perform study selection and data extraction. We will report our results in a descriptive synthesis focusing on characteristics of included studies, reported outcomes, risk of bias and construct validity. If appropriate, we will also perform a quantitative synthesis and pool results using random-effect models. Heterogeneity will be expressed with I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses are planned according to animal model characteristics, co-interventions and risks of bias.Discussion: Our study is aligned with the efforts to better understand the level of evidence on the impact of red blood cell transfusion strategies from preclinical studies in animal models of acute brain injury and the potential translation of information from the preclinical to the clinical research field.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42018086662
WITHDRAWN: A Novel Method for the Synthesis of Binary Molten Salt Nanofluids Adding SiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Seo Joohyun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, the new method has been suggested for the synthesis of a binary molten salt eutectic adding nanoparticles (i.e. molten salt nanofluids). Solar salt (i.e. NaNO 3 -KNO 3 , 60:40 by weight) adding 10nm of SiO 2 nanoparticles was prepared to measure the specific heat capacity of molten salt nanofluids by a modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC). In previous studies the sample preparation of a molten salt eutectic follows the same procedure. Each chemical of a molten salt eutectic and nanoparticles is dissolved in an aqueous solution. These homogeneous salts are completely mixed by a sonication. Nano-mixtures are scrapped off the bottom surface of a vial after drying. However, there are complex steps in the process of getting fresh molten salt eutectic nanofluids before MDSC measurements. An unexpected result is able to occur due to phase change (i.e. solid-liquid-solid) at each step and then it has an affect on the specific heat capacity of molten salt nanofluids. A suggested novel method (i.e. Liquid-to-Liquid) can not only prevent unexpected errors (e.g. the possibility of contamination) by phase change in the sample preparation, but also enhance the specific heat capacity of molten salt nanofluids.
From smart working to smart Co-working in the COVID-19 era: a pilot program of cooperation on chronic endocrinological and rheumatological disease
Authors: Maggio Maria Cristina , Montante Claudio , Scalzo Simona , Felice Sofia , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The last months were signed by the pandemic diffusion of COVID-19, with the need to minimize the inflow of children and adolescents affected by chronic diseases into the hospitals. Otherwise, paediatricians had to limit visits and to consider a new setting for febrile children.Patients were assisted by telephonic consultations guaranteed by the paediatricians of free choice and by the paediatric specialists. However, patients frequently needed a direct specialistic evaluation in the case of flares, abnormal laboratory parameters and adverse reactions to drugs.Another frequent question was the differential diagnosis of febrile episodes, to distinguish a recurrent fever, linked to autoinflammation, from an infectious disease.We proposed to paediatricians of free choice in west-Sicily a questionnaire about difficulties met in the follow-up of children with rheumatologic diseases, autoinflammatory syndromes, congenital hypothyroidism.Results: 55 questionnaires were collected: the most frequent recorded conditions were periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA syndrome) and Familial Mediterranean Fever; Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, congenital hypothyroidism.All the paediatricians needed specialistic support to adequately control flares, adjustment of drugs dosage.Conclusions: Patients and paediatricians need a specialistic support for the follow-up and to reach a good compliance to treatment.This period characterized by smart working, telemedicine, strategies to monitor remotely the patients, can find the winning strategy in the approach of the “Co-working”, a new cooperation between hospital and paediatricians of free choice, in the global follow-up of paediatric chronic diseases.
Elevation of miR-302b prevent multiple myeloma cells growth and bone destruction by blocking DKK1 secretion
Authors: Wu Zheyu , Zhang Yufeng , Yang Zhiqiang , Zhu Yufan , Xie Yuanlong , Zhou Fuling , Cai Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Myeloma bone disease (MBD) is a severe complication of multiple myeloma (MM) and is mainly attributed to an imbalance between enhanced osteoclast activity and the reducing of osteoblast function. Previous study has indicated that miRNAs serve a vital role in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in MM. Method: MiR-302b belongs to miR-302 cluster, which inhibited the tumor growth and osteolysis in orthotopic osteosarcoma xenograft tumor mouse model in our previous research. In the current study, miR-302b mimics, miR-302b inhibitor and miR-302b NC were transfected into MM1.S and RPMI8226 MM cells. The expression between miR-302b and clinicopathological features in pathologicalsamples were detected by qPCR. Immunohistochemistry, qPCR and western blot were used to confirm the target relationship between miR-302b and DKK1. Western blotting was employed in analyzing the relationship between miR-302b and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The effect of miR-302b on osteoblastogenesis was studied using a subperiosteal tumorigenesis model in NOD/SCID nude mice.Results: Increased miR-302b suppressed cell proliferation and induced the cell apoptosis in RPMI 8226 and MM1.S cells. Targetscan online bioinformatic analysis predicted that miR-302b may bind to 3’UTR of DKK1 mRNA. Target binding of miR-302b to DKK1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry, which indicated that miR-302b caused degradation of DKK1 in RPMI 8226 and MM1.S cells. The model of co-culturing MM cells with preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells showed that miR-302b inhibited MM-induced suppression of osteoblast differentiation. Western blotting was used to prove that miR-302b inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MM cells. Micro-CT and immunohistochemistry results showed that miR-302b suppresses the Myeloma bone destruction in vivo.Conclusion: In conclusion, miR-302b targets DKK1 and inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MM.
Pesticide Assessment Using Passive Samplers in Two River System of Cagayan De Oro River Basin, Philippines
Authors: Salingay Maria Luisa Baiño , Giesen Daniel , Zevenbergen Chris 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Monitoring organic pesticides in surface water using grab water sampling method is ineffective in most cases due to pesticides’ irregular emission and low solubility in water. To address the problem in water sampling method, this study used passive samplers (PS) composed of silicon rubber sheets (SR) and speedisk (SD). SR and SD were used respectively to measure hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic pesticides. These were submerged in river water uninterruptedly for 34 days. Pesticides in PS were extracted and analysed by sensitive analytical instruments HPLC, GC-MS MS and LC-MS MS. Pesticide assessment were conducted in two river systems in Cagayan de Oro River Basin, Philippines where agricultural run-off are unintentionally and continuously disposed from medium to huge plantations. The samplers were able to measure 105 emerging organic pollutants of which, 56 were organic pesticides and 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCP). Out of 56 pesticides, 11 were measured beyond the applied threshold level of 10ng/L. These were boscalid, carbendazim, dimethomorph, metalaxyl, propiconazole, pyrimethanil, diuron, monuron, simazine, dichlorvos and phenamiphos. The 22 OCP, despite being banned or restricted for almost two decades, were measured in ultra-traces of ng-pg/L. The data obtained in this study can be used to establish a baseline background level which is currently absent in most river systems in the Philippines. It is recommended that further study will be conducted using software PBPK or NORMTOX to assess health impacts and implications of the measured pesticides on the communities that are dependent, and continuously exposed to these constituents by these river waters.
The nuclear lamina is a hub for the nuclear function of Jacob
Authors: Samer Sebastian , Raman Rajeev , Laube Gregor , Kreutz Michael R. , Karpova Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Jacob is a synapto-nuclear messenger protein that couples NMDAR activity to CREB-dependent gene expression. In this study, we investigated the nuclear distribution of Jacob and report a prominent targeting to the nuclear envelope that requires NMDAR activity and nuclear import. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed preferential association of Jacob with the inner nuclear membrane where it directly binds to LaminB1, an intermediate filament and core component of the inner nuclear membrane (INM). The association with INM is transient; it involves a functional nuclear export signal in Jacob and a canonical CRM1-/RanGTP-dependent export mechanism that defines the residing time of the protein at the INM. Taken together, the data suggest a stepwise redistribution of Jacob within the nucleus following nuclear import and prior to nuclear export.
Appropriate Complementary Feeding Practices and Associated Factors Among Caregivers of Children Age 6-23 Months in Rural Areas of Hunan Province, China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Liao Minghui , Huang Qun , Li Huixia , Liao Yi , Huang Guangwen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the quality and associated factors that potentially influence complementary feeding practices among Chinese caregivers living in Hunan, a rapidly developing province in China. MethodsThree indicators( minimum dietary diversity(MDD), minimum meal frequency(MMF) and minimum acceptable diet(MAD)) were used to evaluate the rationality of complementary feeding. A multi-factor unconditional logistic regression model was employed to analyzeanalyse the relevant factors of complementary feeding. ResultsThe eligibility rates of MDD, MMF and MAD for children aged 6-23 months were 62.3%, 75.1% and 44.0%, respectively. The ineligible OR values of MDD for children aged 12-17 and 18-23 months were 0.238 and 0.103, respectively, and those of MAD were 0.425 and 0.376, respectively, compared with those for children aged 6-11 months. Compared children whose mothers moved out for work, the ineligible MMF for children whose mothers were not migrant workers was 2.069. Compared with parents who scored less than 60 in knowledge and attitude towards nutrition and health, the ineligible OR values of MDD, MMF and MAD for children whose parents obtained 60-79 were 0.653, 0.689 and 0.668, respectively, and those for children whose parents obtained 80-100 were 0.543, 0.428 and 0.496, respectively (all P values <0.05). ConclusionThe complementary feeding of children in rural areas of Hunan Province needs to be improved. Younger month-age, mothers’ not going out to work and parents’ lacking in knowledge about nutrition and health are high risk factors for poor complementary feeding.
An Algorithm of Decomposing the Trend and Cyclical Components of FDI Inflows: The Case of Ukraine
Authors: Moskalenko Bogdan A. , Mitev Pavlin 
Published: October 2020

Authors:
Bogdan A. Moskalenko, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-1705
Joint stock company “ProCredit Bank”, Business Client Advisor, Kyiv, Ukraine
Pavlin Mitev, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-4192
Joint stock company “Raiffeisenbank EAD”, Credit Risk Policy Manager, Bulgaria

Pages: 95-101

Language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21272/fmir.4(3).95-101.2020

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Abstract

The article summarizes the arguments within the scientific challenge on improving approaches to country investment potential evaluation. The main objective of the research is to systematize the existing statistical methods of decomposing macroeconomic time series into growth (trend) and cyclical components. Systematization of theoretical and methodological materials on solving the problem of decomposing the trend and cyclical components of time data series showed that the use of filtering series of economic dynamics based on the Hodrick-Prescott filter allows identifying long-term growth trends or recessions. The relevance of solving this problem is that the country investment potential evaluation is often based on investigating the impact of foreign direct investment`s determinants in a domestic economy while ignoring cyclical macroeconomic processes within and outside the country, on which those determinants often have not responded yet or reacted late. The methodical tools of the research are carried out in the following logical sequence: systematization of existing statistical methods for trend component decomposing; analysis of data that will be used in the decomposition process and in further country investment potential evaluation; application of the Hodrick-Prescott filter and trend component decomposing in foreign direct investment net inflows dynamics into the economy of Ukraine. The Research methods combine in following dimensions: comparative analysis, regression analysis and univariate methodology of time series decomposing. The period from 1999 to 2019 was chosen as the research period. The object of the research is foreign direct investment net inflows into the economy of Ukraine, as they are the determining element within the country investment potential evaluation process. The article presents the results of empirical analysis, which showed that the decomposing a trend and cyclical components of foreign direct investment inflows can improve the quality of investment potential evaluation, considering the impact of current economic cycle phase. The results of the research can be useful for a more accurate investment potential evaluation on the macroeconomic level and forecasting foreign direct investment inflows for the following time periods.

Keywords: business cycle synchronization; country investment potential; foreign direct investment; Hodrick-Prescott filter; national economy.