bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of centre volume and procedure location on major complications and mortality from transvenous lead extraction: an ESC EHRA EORP European Lead Extraction ConTRolled ELECTRa registry subanalysis
Authors: Sidhu Baldeep S , Gould Justin , Bunce Catey , Elliott Mark , Mehta Vishal , Kennergren Charles , Butter Christian , Deharo Jean-Claude , Kutarski Andrzej , Maggioni Aldo P , Auricchio Angelo , Kuck Karl-Heinz , Blomström-Lundqvist Carina , Bongiorni Maria Grazia , Rinaldi Christopher A ,   on behalf of the ELECTRa Investigators Group
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Aims
Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) should ideally be undertaken by experienced operators in a setting that allows urgent surgical intervention. In this analysis of the ELECTRa registry, we sought to determine whether there was a significant difference in procedure complications and mortality depending on centre volume and extraction location.

Methods and results
Analysis of the ESC EORP European Lead Extraction ConTRolled ELECTRa registry was conducted. Low-volume (LoV) centres were defined as &lt;30 procedures/year, and high-volume (HiV) centres as ≥30 procedures/year. Three thousand, two hundred, and forty-nine patients underwent TLE by a primary operator cardiologist; 17.1% in LoV centres and 82.9% in HiV centres. Procedures performed by primary operator cardiologists in LoV centres were less likely to be successful (93.5% vs. 97.1%; P &lt; 0.0001) and more likely to be complicated by procedure-related deaths (1.1% vs. 0.4%; P = 0.0417). Transvenous lead extraction undertaken by primary operator cardiologists in LoV centres were associated with increased procedure-related major complications including death (odds ratio 1.858, 95% confidence interval 1.007–3.427; P = 0.0475). Transvenous lead extraction locations varied; 52.0% operating room, 9.5% hybrid theatre and 38.5% catheterization laboratory. Rates of procedure-related major complications, including death occurring in a high-risk environment (combining operating room and hybrid theatre), were similar to those undertaken in the catheterization laboratory (1.7% vs. 1.6%; P = 0.9297).

Conclusion
Primary operator cardiologists in LoV centres are more likely to have extractions complicated by procedure-related deaths. There was no significant difference in procedure complications between different extraction settings. These findings support the need for TLE to be performed in experienced centres with appropriate personnel present.
Cross-dressing, Male Intimacy and the Violence of Transgression in Third Reich Photography
Authors: Evans Jennifer , Mailänder Elissa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This co-authored article draws upon two distinct genres of photography, police mugshots and amateur soldier snapshots, to illustrate the value of queer visual culture methodologies for how to think about the visualization of violence, masculinity and desire. Building upon two vastly different depictions of male to female cross-dressing, one produced between 1934 and 1938 by the Berlin police and Gestapo of a transvestite and the other produced between 1940 and 1944 by cross-dressing Wehrmacht soldiers behind the lines, we argue that in searching for evidence of intact identities, we overlook important ambiguities. We first show how different photographic traditions have framed gender and sexual non-conformity in the historical record and then go deeper into an image analysis. Drawing upon cross-dressing as a polyvalent performance of masculinity, as play, camp and an identity category, we explore how photographic sources help us better appreciate the multiple and sometimes coexisting layers of feminized masculinity at work during the Third Reich. By queering Nazi history and reading the police mugshots and amateur Wehrmacht photographs within and beyond their visual frames, we point out the limits of reducing every image of cross-dressing to an expression of an inchoate gay or trans identity and argue for analysis that embraces the multiple layers of histories gathered around visual sources.
CO2-induced low pH in an eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) hatchery positively affects reproductive development and larval survival but negatively affects larval shape and size, with no intergenerational linkages
Authors: Clements Jeff C , Carver Claire E , Mallet Martin A , Comeau Luc A , Mallet André L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In North America, studies regarding effects of CO2-induced low pH in bivalve aquaculture are largely restricted to the US Pacific coast. Studies on species from the northwest Atlantic are lacking. Furthermore, information on the roles of intergenerational exposure and biological sex in bivalve responses to low pH, particularly in an aquaculture-specific context, is scant. We tested if short-term (1 month) exposure to CO2-induced reductions in pHNBS affected the reproductive development of male and female eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) during hatchery-specific reproductive conditioning and whether maternal and/or paternal exposure influenced larval responses. Reduced pH (7.5–7.7) increased the rate of reproductive development in both males and females. There was no indication of intergenerational effects; adult pH conditions did not affect early larval development. In contrast, low pH conditions experienced by gametes during spawning, fertilization, and embryo incubation (48 h) resulted in higher larval survival (+6–8% from control), reduced shell height (−2 to 3 µm), and increased deformities (abnormal shell shape; +3–5%). We suggest that local adaptation to acidic land runoff may account for the positive effects of low pH observed in this study. Bioeconomic assessments are now needed to understand the implications of reduced pH on aquaculture operations in these regions of Atlantic Canada.
The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program’s Response to the Opioid Epidemic
Authors: Chavis Nicole S , Klein Pamela W , Cohen Stacy M , Dempsey Antigone , Hauck Heather , Cheever Laura W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The United States is in the midst of an unprecedented opioid crisis with increasing injection drug use (IDU)-related human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outbreaks, particularly in rural areas. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)’s Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) is well positioned to integrate treatment for IDU-associated HIV infections with treatment for drug use disorders. These activities will be crucial for the “Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America” (EHE) initiative, in which 7 southern states were identified with rural HIV epidemics.

Methods
The RWHAP Services Report data were used to assess the IDU population and substance use services utilization among RWHAP clients in 2017, nationally and in the 7 EHE-identified states. THe HRSA held a 1-day Technical Expert Panel (TEP) to explore how RWHAP can best respond to the growing opioid crisis.

Results
During the TEP, 8 key themes emerged and 11 best practices were identified to address opioid use disorder (OUD) among people with HIV. In 2017, among RWHAP clients with reported age and transmission category, 6.7% (31 683) had HIV attributed to IDU; among IDU clients, 6.3% (1988) accessed substance use services.

Conclusions
The TEP results and RWHAP data were used to develop implementation science projects that focus on addressing OUD and integrating behavioral health in primary care. These activities are critical to ending the HIV epidemic.
Mixed-Frequency Macro–Finance Factor Models: Theory and Applications*
Authors: Andreou Elena , Gagliardini Patrick , Ghysels Eric , Rubin Mirco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article presents tests for the existence of common factors spanning two large panels/groups of macroeconomic and financial variables, and the estimation of common and group-specific factors. New analytical results are derived regarding (i) the difference in the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics when aggregating the data first and then extracting the principal components (PCs), or vice versa, as well as (ii) the estimation of the common factor and its asymptotic distribution, extending the work of Andreou et al. (2019). We find that although there is no empirical evidence for one common factor, with constant loadings, in the United States during the period 1963–2017, there is evidence of one common macro–finance factor during the pre- and post-Great Moderation regimes. The aforementioned approaches of estimating PCs yield almost identical common and group-specific (financial and macro) factors which turn out to be significant in predicting key economic indicators, such as real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth and the CBOE Volatility Index, among others.
Inflammatory Biomarkers, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, and Symptoms in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Radiation Therapy
Authors: Shi Wei , Misra Shagun , Li Madeline , Su Jie , Chong Lisa P , McCuske Megan , Williams Justin , Xu Wei , Ghoraie Laleh S , Sutherland D Robert , Han Kathy , Minden Mark D , Bratman Scott V , Yip Kenneth W , Liu Fei-Fei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Fatigue and insomnia are common symptoms experienced by breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy (RT), yet the underlying mechanisms of these symptoms are unclear. In particular, the roles of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and inflammatory cytokines remain to be elucidated.

Methods
Breast cancer patients (n = 147) completed questionnaires to longitudinally assess symptoms before, during, and after adjuvant RT. Phlebotomies were performed prior to RT, at the second and fifth treatment fractions, end of treatment (EOT), and 1 month after completing RT, assessing for CD34+, CD45+, full hematology, and 17 inflammatory cytokines. The associations between symptoms and all biomarkers were evaluated. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
General fatigue and insomnia worsened with RT, with peak levels observed at EOT, which remained statistically significant even after controlling for anxiety and depression (P &lt; .05 for all). CD34+, CD45+, white blood cell, and lymphocyte counts decreased, with the lowest levels also observed at EOT (P &lt; .001). Fatigue and insomnia were associated with changes in both interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) - (P = .03 and P = .01, respectively) and tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNF-RII) (P = .02 and P = .006, respectively), while mental fatigue was associated with increased matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) levels (P = .03). Patients who received prior chemotherapy demonstrated statistically significantly greater severity in all symptoms, with lower baseline HSC levels.

Conclusions
This is the first longitudinal study to examine linkages between symptoms, HSCs, and cytokines, demonstrating that fatigue and insomnia shared associations with increasing serum levels of IP-10 and TNF-RII, and mental fatigue was associated with increasing serum levels of MMP-2. Our findings highlight opportunities for further research into mechanisms and potential interventions for these symptoms.
The Moral Politics of LGBTI Asylum: How the State Deals with the SOGI Framework
Authors: Prearo Massimo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article proposes a political ethnography of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) asylum founded on a fieldwork (2017–19) in an associative and activist context that supports LGBTI asylum applicants. Through the analysis of the narratives mobilized and produced during the interviews between asylum applicants and institutional agents in charge of receiving and assessing the requests for international protection, the article explores the institutional uses of the SOGI framework. The hypothesis that the article puts forward is that, far from concerning exclusively a confrontation/dispute among models of sexual orientation and gender identity, these interactions actually bring forth a logic of exchange of moral goods (vulnerability, feelings of shame and fear, identity, narratives). Given the impossibility for LGBTI asylum applicants to produce probatory documentation, this study exposes the strategies for determining legitimate from illegitimate LGBTI migrant subjects, ‘good’ from ‘bad’ migrant stories, and, therefore, the political and moral dimension of the institutional work and the grant of the right of asylum.
First record of Nassarius fuscus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) from the west coast of India, with the description of its sister species Nassarius arewarensis n. sp. (Buccinoidea: Nassariidae)
Authors: Nerurkar Sayali , Shimpi Gaurav G , Apte Deepak 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTNassarius Duméril, 1805 is the most diverse genus within the nassariid subfamily Nassariinae. Nonetheless, information on members of this genus from the Indian subcontinent, a major ecoregion of the western Indo-Pacific, is scarce. Here, we report Nassarius fuscus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) for the first time from India and provide information on its morphology and ecology. This species has previously been recorded only from the central Indo-Pacific. We also describe a new species of Nassarius, N. arewarensis n. sp., which on the basis of our data is sister to N. fuscus. Both species were found within heterogeneous strands of mangroves in the shallow intertidal area of the Aare-Ware Creek, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India. Morphological comparisons as well as species delimitation analyses using the universal cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode indicated that these species are distinct. The present study enhances our understanding of the species composition and the diversity of Nassarius in India.
PvrA is a novel regulator that contributes to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis by controlling bacterial utilization of long chain fatty acids
Authors: Pan Xiaolei , Fan Zheng , Chen Lei , Liu Chang , Bai Fang , Wei Yu , Tian Zhenyang , Dong Yuanyuan , Shi Jing , Chen Hao , Jin Yongxin , Cheng Zhihui , Jin Shouguang , Lin Jianping , Wu Weihui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
During infection of a host, Pseudomonas aeruginosa orchestrates global gene expression to adapt to the host environment and counter the immune attacks. P. aeruginosa harbours hundreds of regulatory genes that play essential roles in controlling gene expression. However, their contributions to the bacterial pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we analysed the transcriptomic profile of P. aeruginosa cells isolated from lungs of infected mice and examined the roles of upregulated regulatory genes in bacterial virulence. Mutation of a novel regulatory gene pvrA (PA2957) attenuated the bacterial virulence in an acute pneumonia model. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-Seq and genetic analyses revealed that PvrA directly regulates genes involved in phosphatidylcholine utilization and fatty acid catabolism. Mutation of the pvrA resulted in defective bacterial growth when phosphatidylcholine or palmitic acid was used as the sole carbon source. We further demonstrated that palmitoyl coenzyme A is a ligand for the PvrA, enhancing the binding affinity of PvrA to its target promoters. An arginine residue at position 136 was found to be essential for PvrA to bind palmitoyl coenzyme A. Overall, our results revealed a novel regulatory pathway that controls genes involved in phosphatidylcholine and fatty acid utilization and contributes to the bacterial virulence.
Efficacy and safety of paediatric medicinal cannabis use: A scoping review
Authors: Pawliuk Colleen , Chau Briana , Rassekh S Rod , McKellar Terri , Siden Harold (Hal) 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The use of medicinal cannabis in the paediatric age group is increasing despite the lack of evidence for its efficacy or safety.

Objective
To map the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of medicinal cannabis in children and adolescents.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review and searched six electronic databases and grey literature. A study was eligible for inclusion when it investigated the efficacy or safety of medicinal cannabis for any condition, more than half of the participants were 0 to 18 years old, and had any study design except single case reports.

Results
We included 36 studies in our final analysis, 32 of which investigated the efficacy or safety of cannabis in treatment-resistant epilepsy. The remaining 4 studies examined patients with cancer, dysautonomia, Epidermolysis Bullosa, and motor disorders.

Conclusions
There is a lack of evidence on the efficacy and safety of medicinal cannabis in most paediatric conditions.
Engineering Trienoic Fatty Acids into Cottonseed Oil Improves Low-Temperature Seed Germination, Plant Photosynthesis and Cotton Fiber Quality
Authors: Gao Lihong , Chen Wei , Xu Xiaoyu , Zhang Jing , Singh Tanoj K , Liu Shiming , Zhang Dongmei , Tian Lijun , White Adam , Shrestha Pushkar , Zhou Xue-Rong , Llewellyn Danny , Green Allan , Singh Surinder P , Liu Qing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3Δ9,12,15) and γ-linolenic acid \ (GLA, 18:3Δ6,9,12) are important trienoic fatty acids, which are beneficial for human health in their own right, or as precursors for the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. ALA and GLA in seed oil are synthesized from linoleic acid (LA, 18:2Δ9,12) by the microsomal ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) and Δ6 desaturase (D6D), respectively. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed oil composition was modified by transforming with an FAD3 gene from Brassica napus and a D6D gene from Echium plantagineum, resulting in approximately 30% ALA and 20% GLA, respectively. The total oil content in transgenic seeds remained unaltered relative to parental seeds. Despite the use of a seed-specific promoter for transgene expression, low levels of GLA and increased levels of ALA were found in non-seed cotton tissues. At low temperature, the germinating cottonseeds containing the linolenic acid isomers elongated faster than the untransformed controls. ALA-producing lines also showed higher photosynthetic rates at cooler temperature and better fiber quality compared to both untransformed controls and GLA-producing lines. The oxidative stability of the novel cottonseed oils was assessed, providing guidance for potential food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications of these oils.
Do Children With Spinal Deformity Who Have Metal Implants and Frequent Exposure to X-Rays Increase Their Risk of Cancer?
Authors: Cundy Peter J. , Venugopal Kamalesh , Antoniou Georgia , Brooks Francis , Freeman Brian J. C. , D’Onise Katina 
Published: April 2020

Study Design.
Spinal surgery cohort.

Objective.
The authors assess the risk of cancer in children who have undergone frequent radiographs and have metal implants for the treatment of spinal deformity.

Summary of Background Data.
Concerns have been raised regarding the cancer risk to children exposed to repeated radiological examinations as part of routine surveillance to monitor progression of spinal deformity. Additionally, there are reports of increased cancer risk in adults having joint replacement with metal implants causing raised metal ion levels in the blood.

Methods.
A large number of consecutive children undergoing instrumented spinal surgery since 1979 were examined for their development of malignancy. High quality data on all invasive cancers from the South Australian Cancer Registry and deaths were linked to the spinal surgery cohort with the calculation of standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) using the Quinquinquennium method.

Results.
The study cohort was formed by 865 children. The average follow-up time from date of surgery to either death or censoring date was 18 years with a maximum of 36 years. A total of 15,921 person years were examined. There was no increased rate of cancer in these patients. For the total cohort, the SIR was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–1.79). For females the SIR was 0.83 (95% CI 0.33–1.70) and for males the SIR was 1.33 (95% CI 0.36–3.40). The male SIR reflected an expected cancer incidence of three cases, when four cases were observed, and was not statistically significant.

Conclusion.
This study has found that radiation exposure and possible exposure to circulating metal ions as a result of routine instrumented spine surgery in children since 1979 is not associated with an increased risk of cancer in up to 36 years of follow up.

Level of Evidence: 2
Selecting the C7-LIV Line Vertebra as the Upper Instrumented Vertebra for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Lenke Type 1A Curves
Authors: Munakata Ryo , Koseki Michihiko , Oba Hiroki , Ikegami Shota , Uehara Masashi , Kuraishi Shugo , Yamato Yu , Ohba Tetsuro , Seki Shoji , Takizawa Takashi , Hatakenaka Terue , Ebata Shigeto , Haro Hirotaka , Matsuyama Yukihiro , Takahashi Jun 
Published: April 2020

Study Design.
Retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Objective.
We evaluated a new upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) selection method that used the modified Shinshu line (MSL) to establish the selected UIV as the MSL vertebra (MSLV).

Summary of Background Data.
No reports have addressed optimal UIV selection according to the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) for good trunk balance in Lenke 1A curves.

Methods.
Forty-five consecutive patients (44 female, 14.4 ± 2.4 yrs) receiving posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for a Lenke 1A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) curve were analyzed. We defined the novel MSL as the line between the center of the spinous process of C7 and that of the spinous process of the LIV. The vertebral body with which the MSL first contacted proximally was defined as the MSLV. The groups in which the UIV was at, proximal to, or distal to the MSLV were defined as the matched group (M-group; 15 cases [15 female], 14.7 ± 2.1 yrs), proximal group (P-group; 20 cases, [19 female], 15.0 ± 2.2 yrs), and distal group (D-group; 10 case [10 female], 14.8 ± 2.5 yrs), respectively. We measured Cobb angle, main thoracic (MT) curve correction rate, and C7 plumb line absolute value (C7PL) at pre- and 2 years postoperatively for comparisons using Dunnett test, with the M-group as the control.

Results.
In the M-group, P-group, and D-group, the Cobb angle correction rate between pre- and postoperative time points were 65.3 ± 1.3%, 62.4 ± 1.6%, and 52.8 ± 6.8%, respectively, and comparable apart from a smaller correction tendency in the D-group versus the M-group (P = 0.08). At 2 years postoperatively, C7PL was 0.5 ± 0.4, 1.0 ± 0.6, and 1.3 ± 0.9 cm, respectively, and significantly smaller for the M-group (both P < 0.05).

Conclusion.
Better trunk balance were obtained without reducing correction rate by setting the novel MSLV as the UIV in PSF for Lenke type 1A curves.

Level of Evidence: 3