bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of technological variants of performing processing operations of logging works using chainsaws
Authors: Troyanov I , Abramov V , Chernykh A , Maksimenkov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper proposes a new method to evaluate technical, technological and organizational parameters of the developed automated system for designing logging operations based on multi-level structural improvement in the processing procedure. To justify the optimal technology of this procedure, the complex indicator of specific energy consumption was introduced, and a mathematical apparatus sensitive to changes in a wide range of the worker’s characteristics was developed. Besides, the natural environment of the parameters of gasoline-powered tools, technology and process organization, and the worker’s individual characteristics such as qualification and fatigue were considered. The algorithms and programming software written in Delphi were elaborated to reliably predict the operation of various sets of gasoline-powered tools in 12 possible technological sequences based on the mathematical apparatus obtained. The discrepancy between the experimental and modeling data was found not to exceed 3-6 %. As a result of using the considered tools and software, it became possible to improve the performance of processing operations by identifying optimal technical and technological solutions under the given conditions of production and the natural environment at the stage of technological design.
Poplar testing and breeding in the Central Chernozem region of Russia
Authors: Tsarev A P , Tsareva R P , Tsarev V A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Poplar – Populus L. is a widely-distributed major forestry species in the north hemisphere. Here we investigated poplars selected in the local forests, introduced from different regions, and hybrids during the last 60 years. More than 300 clones and varieties were introduced from 30 locations of the former USSR and more than 4,000 new poplar hybrids were bred in the Voronezh region and maintained in the field collections and field tests of the Central Chernozem region. Based on the variety testing, we selected the most promising clones and varieties as well as developed the assortment for different target forest plantations. Also, the tested varieties were patented by the Federal Registration including the black and white poplars: ‘Steppe Lada’, ‘Breeze’, ‘Surprise’, ‘Bolide’, ‘Veduga’. We developed a new series of hybrids with P. tremula by collaborating with the Germany Ministry of Food and Agriculture. In these series the factorial crossings included the hybrids between the heart rot stable and fast-growing parental forms with unstable to decay parents. Our study will build the way of developing the heart rot stable genotypes of aspen based on the genetic architecture. Our varieties will strengthen the local timber supply and the reclamation of the disturbed lands as well as to replenish the assortments for landscaping in the region and other territories.
The new poplar hybrids’ growth in the Central Black Earth region of Russia
Authors: Tsarev A P , Tsareva R P , Tsarev V A , Miligula E N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The description of the following ten poplar hybrids bred in All-Russian Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology (originator is A P Tsarev): white poplar hybrid ‘Veduga’, black poplar hybrids ‘Vertical’ and ‘Prolog’ and intersectional poplar hybrids ‘Strojn’, ‘Arctur’, ‘Arta’, ‘Versija’, ‘Peredel’, ‘Saturija’ and ‘Erida’ have been testing in the Shekhman’ experience site in the forest-steppe zone of Tambov region is presented. The rootage of 1-year-old hybrids and further its survival during 33 years of research are shown. It is noted that the dry year 2010 significantly affected the survival of plants, which resulted in its reduction in subsequent years in the whole site by almost half. The hybrids ‘Versija’, ‘Peredel’, ‘Saturija’ and ‘Erida’ have been more drought-resistant, the survival of which by the year 2015 did not fall below 70 %. The promising hybrids for massive, protective and greenery plantings of the region have been allocated. The best hybrids on growth energy and productivity in the region: ‘Veduga’, ‘Erida’, ‘Peredel’ and ‘Versija’, which in 25 years had average height of 20.4-23.8 m, diameter – 26.2-29.8 cm and volume of the trunk – 0.5-0.7 m3. At the age of 33 their indicators were 23-25 m, 28-32 cm and 0.55-0.8 m3 respectively.
Molecular identification of phytopathogenic fungi of forest-forming species in the Central Black Soil Region: English oak (Quercus robur L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Authors: Popova A A , Karpechenko I Yu , Tolbina I A , Syromyatnikov M Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The classical assessment method of trees infestation by phytopathogenic fungi is the collection of infected plant specimens and their morphological description. However, this method captures pathogenic fungi by the presence of fruiting bodies, which are not formed neither at the beginning of infection nor annually. This makes difficult the early pathogen detection. Molecular methods make it possible to accurately determine the genus (and in some cases - the species) of the fungus that infects the plant, even in the early stages of invasion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of molecular analysis methods on phytopathogenic fungi of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus robur L. for monitoring the pathogen contamination of tree plantations of natural and urban systems in the Central European part of Russia. We isolated eukaryotic microorganisms from infected leaves and wood of P. sylvestris L. and Q. robur L. and performed DNA barcoding of these microorganisms. Fusarium sp., Hyphodontia pallidula, and Gibellulopis nigrescens were identified in P. sylvestris. During the molecular identification of eukaryotic microorganisms isolated from Q. robur we found that in 90 % of the cases the fungus Rhizopus oryzae was detected, in 10% of the cases - Sordaria sp. In this paper, we discuss the possibility of identification of plant pathogens by classical methods in combination with molecular methods.
State support of forestry enterprises in the Russian Federation in times of crisis
Authors: Panyavina E A , Sijacic-Nikolic M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Trends in the development of forestry enterprises indicate the presence of problems in their activities that contribute to the emergence of crises. The measures taken in a crisis have been identified with the help of a manager survey at the enterprises of the studied industry. It has been determined that optimization of the internal environment of enterprises directly depends on management decisions of management. The effective interaction with the external environment is impossible without support and regulation from the state. The analysis of the activities and development of forestry enterprises and the forest industry has made it possible to formulate a list of key problems hindering the development of the forestry complex in the Russian Federation. The enterprises are not able to solve the identified problems on their own. Government regulation and support are necessary, which is especially important during a crisis. It was determined that the existing regulatory and legal acts and measures for state support, including the promotion of the enterprise development in the industry, the development of exports and technologies, do not fully ensure the development of the forest complex and require substantial revision. The imperfection of the existing support mechanism, the presence of a number of problem points requiring a systematic approach has been proven. The directions for improving state support in times of crisis have been substantiated to ensure the sustainability of forestry enterprises, taking into account the peculiarities of their functioning. The obtained results open up new areas of research.
Effects of silver nanoparticles on morphometric parameters of hairy birch (Betula pubescens) at various stages of micro cloning
Authors: Zakharova O , Vasyukova I , Strekalova N , Gusev A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the study results of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) effectiveness for woody species explants sterilization as exemplified by hairy birch (Betula pubescens) at various stages of micro-clone propagation. It was shown that simultaneous application of 0.03% AgNPs+15% NaOCl at the stage of explant sterilization resulted in consistently sterile (90%) cell cultures throughout the 28-days cultivation period. When the growth medium was modified with AgNPs at concentrations of 1.5 - 3 μg/l at the multiplication and rooting stages it dramatically reduced phytopathogenic contamination of the explants and regenerants thus increasing the number of surviving plantlets up to 100%. Besides, the analysis results carried out for the photosynthetic and enzyme activity display high stress-resistance potential of the studied plants compared with the control. The obtained results allow one to conclude that AgNPs have high effectiveness and application potential when used in microclonal propagation of woody plants.
Cytological characteristics of birch and alder pollen (different breeding forms) used in hybridization
Authors: Isakov I , Blagodarova T , Sivolapov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hybrids of some species of birch trees form completely sterile seeds (laboratory germination is zero in some hybrids, such as Karelian birch × Chinese white birch of inbred and outbred origin). It was noted analyzing the size distribution of birch pollen. Six size classes of pollen grains were identified, the modal values of which are arranged in increasing order as follows: 17 µm, 22 µm, 28 µm, 33 µm, 39 µm and 44 µm. The process of development of the male generative sphere proceeds without significant deviations in the studied black and gray alder trees. It ends with the formation of high-quality, aligned pollen. The obtained data indicate that one group of trees show normal formation of the reproductive sphere. It indicates the reasonableness of including them in the breeding process
Comparative evaluation of biostimulator efficiency on corn seeds germination: keratin protein and preparation Ribav Extra
Authors: Bryndina L , Ilyina N , Baklanova O , Moiseyeva E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recently, great interest in agricultural production has been manifested to preparations of biological origin. Production of biostimulants is in great demand, as small concentrations of these substances are able to maximize the potential of plants, increase their quality and productivity. One of the promising sources of biostimulants is keratin-containing raw materials. It is characterized by a high content of keratin protein. The peculiarities of its chemical composition and structural and mechanical properties require a concretization of the approach to the methods of processing and processing of this unconventional type of waste. Due to enzymatic hydrolysis of keratin preparation of actinomycete Str. chromogenes s. g. 0832 managed to obtain a highly effective biostimulator for plants. The content of free amino acids in it is 82.2%. Hydrolysate contains all essential amino acids; the sum of essential amino acids was 42.66 %. In the comparative evaluation of the biostimulator from keratin pen and the preparation of plant origin “Ribav Extra” the best results were obtained when processing corn seeds with hydrolysate of animal origin. The germination energy in this case was higher than the control samples by 18%, germination increased by 10% compared to the control and by 5% compared to Ribav Extra.
Computational Models of Building Structures. Visualization and Intelligent Content Design
Authors: Kovalchuk Oleg , Taranchuk Valery 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
On the basis of the author’s methodology using Wolfram Research technology received and presented science-intensive, adaptive content, which is the result of research in solving problems of modeling, calculation, analysis and visualization of building structures. The article reviewed the main elements, examples of hook up of functions and options of the system Wolfram Mathematica, which provides an extension and addition of electronic resources by means of intelligent computing and interactive visualization.
Testing the Suitability of the Reinforced Foam Concrete Layer Application in the Track Bed Structure
Authors: Izvolt Libor , Dobes Peter , Mecar Martin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper describes experimental activity carried out at the Department of Railway Engineering and Track Management of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Žilina. It focuses on assessing the suitability of the application of thermal insulation material (the reinforced foam concrete layer) in the track bed structure. Within the experimental measurements, the traffic load (static load component) and non-traffic load (the effect of climatic factors) were monitored. The experimental measurements were carried out on individual segments of the experimental field, differing in thickness of reinforced foam concrete layer and deformation resistance of the subgrade sub-surface.
Investigation of Seismic Behaviour of Low-Temperature Tanks Taking into Account Loose Perlite Insulation
Authors: Shigapov Rustam , Kovalchuk Oleg 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper explores some specific features of seismic analysis of low-temperature tanks for storage of large amounts of liquefied gases under near-atmospheric pressure. Major construction types of this kind of tanks are composed of two vertical cylindrical containers with loose perlite insulation in between. The research is carried out to estimate the influence of the presence of loose isolation on a dynamic interaction between inner and outer vessels and stored liquid in case of a full tank and in case of an empty tank. It is concluded that the effects of this interaction can be neglected in case of a full tank and can’t be neglected in case of an empty tank.
Probabilistic Estimation Seismic Resistance of Plain Steel Frame
Authors: Mkrtychev Oleg , Sergey Bulushev 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to estimate the coefficient K1, which considers the permissible damage to buildings and structures in a probabilistic formulation. For the study, a flat steel frame was designed in accordance with SP 14.13330.2014 “Construction in seismic regions”. The frame calculation was performed in the LS-DYNA software package in a nonlinear dynamic formulation for a set of synthesized accelerograms. The set of accelerograms represents 50 implementations of random earthquake action with a fixed mathematical expectation of the dominant frequency. By gradually increasing the intensity of the action, the frame was brought to fracture in a numerical experiment, the results of which determined the safety margin of load-bearing capacity at each implementation. Further, by considering the safety margin and coefficient K1, their average values were determined. The obtained results showed that the actual coefficient K1 for the structure under study is significantly lower than its standard value, and the steel structure under consideration has a significant margin of seismic resistance. Thus, the developed method enables to estimate the actual value of the coefficient K1.
Effective Characteristics of a Layered Hollow Cylindrical Body of Elastic Creeping Materials
Authors: Bobyleva Tatyana , Shamaev Alexei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of a layered composite pipe. The layers alternate in pairs and consist of elastic-creeping materials. The work is devoted to the study of the mechanical properties of the composite material with the help of its microstructure. Processes are studied with a typical pipe radius which is much more than the typical winding width. Heterogeneous layered material behaves as a certain “effective” material without layers in such processes. The method of calculation of effective moduli based on mathematical homogenization theory is described. Creep kernels are given by the sum of a finite number of decreasing exponential functions.
Analysis of Ground Vibrations Caused by the Shallow Subway
Authors: Mitroshin Vasiliy , Mondrus Vladimir , Sizov Dmitriy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the results of vibration accelerations measurements on the surface of the ground above the shallow subway line. Amplitudes of vibration accelerations, obtained with the help of special equipment, can be used at the design stage of buildings and structures for the prediction of vibration levels in residential premises or production facilities. The data was carried out in the area between the stations “Belomorskaya” and “Khovrino” of Zamoskvoretskaya line of the Moscow metro. The process of attenuation of oscillations with increasing distance to the radiation source is considered, a graph of changes in the levels of vibration accelerations for several points within the sanitary protection zone of the subway is given. Numerical simulation of a fragment of a tunnel in the ground is done to define its natural modes of vibration. Conclusions are drawn about the origin of bursts in the vibration spectra in some octave bands at the time of passing the train.
Probable Approach to the Estimation of the Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Authors: Berlinov Mikhail , Berlinova Marina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A method for calculating the durability of reinforced concrete structures under conditions of rheological deformation, taking into account corrosion damage, is presented, reflecting their real work under the combined effect of the load and aggressive environment, and also t the random nature of the effects. The possibility of considering the processes of long-term deformation of reinforced concrete from the standpoint of a probabilistic approach to the designation of the calculated reliability coefficients for the load and the material is shown. The regularity of the change in the maximum bending moment at different lifetimes is given, taking into account the rheological properties of materials by the example of the coating shell.
Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Stress-Strain State of a Corrugated Sheet Under Its Weight
Authors: Beskopylny Alexey , Kadomtseva Elena , Strelnikov Grigory , Shabanov Yaroslav 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the calculation of the corrugated sheet is reduced to the calculation of the strength and stiffness of the corrugated plate under its weight. The plate is made structurally orthotropic with different cylindrical stiffnesses in two mutually orthogonal directions. The curved middle surface is described by a fourth-order differential equation and is solved by the Bubnov-Galerkin method. As approximating functions in the expansion of the deflection, beam functions are also used to compare the Legendre function. It is shown that the beam functions give much worse convergence than the Legendre functions. The influence of the location of the rigid and hinged support, located in the direction of the guided line of the wave and perpendicular to it, was investigated. Rigid attachment along the side coinciding with the guiding wave reduces the deflections and the bending moments. The stress-strain state of a wavy and flat plate is compared with the same mechanical and geometric characteristics. The influence of the amplitude of the wave amplitude on the stress-strain state of a wavy plate is analyzed. It is shown that an increase in the wave amplitude leads to an increase in the strength and stiffness of a wavy plate.
Calculation of Dangerous Jumping Flows’ Energy Beyond the Dams of Hydropower Station
Authors: Solovyev Alexander , Solovyev Dmitry , Shilova and Liubov 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The problem of reducing the energy of hydraulic jumps arising beyond the hydroopwer station dams is considered. A relationship is obtained for calculating the specific mechanical energy of the jump, taking into account the exchange of water masses between the roller and the transit flow. A comparison with the experimental data and the proposal of practical use is made.
Soil – Structure Interaction of Cylindrical Tank of Variable Wall Thickness under the Thermal Gradient Conditions
Authors: Lewinski Pawel M. , Rak Michal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents an effective method for the analysis of soil-structure interaction including the behaviour of cylindrical storage tank with varying wall thickness under the thermal gradient conditions. Elastic half-space and the Winkler model have been used for the description of subsoil. The soil-structure interaction is described by using the power series. A computational example of reinforced concrete tank loaded with temperature difference across the wall thickness is given. The analysis of a hydrostatically loaded cylindrical tank, performed for the model, incorporating elastic half-space shows decrease of radial displacements, as well as substantial changes in the distribution of bending moments compared to the Winkler foundation. A local increase of subsoil reaction around the slab circumference is observed for the case of elastic half-space, contrary to the Winkler model. In the case of a tank loaded with the thermal gradient, however, the solutions for both subsoil models do not differ significantly.
Numerical Studies of Elastomeric Isolator Performance Under Seismic Influence
Authors: Bunov Artem , Dorozhinskiy Vladimir 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the studies of the elastomeric isolator performance under seismic influence. The solutions of the problems are obtained in the LS-Dyna software package. The calculations were performed by direct integration of the equations of motion using an implicit scheme. In the study of the elastomeric isolator, a three-dimensional finite element model was used. The diagrams of residual horizontal displacements of the support after the seismic influence are obtained. The inability of elastomeric isolators to self-return to the initial equilibrium position without additional devices is proved. The diagrams of acceleration of the support after the end of seismic influence are obtained. It is shown that the elastomeric isolators are an effective means of seismic isolation of buildings and structures. The dependence of the efficiency of the supports on the dominant frequency of external seismic influence is noted.
Theoretical and Experimental Researches of Spring Damping Flexural Oscillations for Beam Structures
Authors: Fomenko Serafim , Garanzha Igor , Tanasoglo Anton , Vershinin Vladimir 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the main problems in the design of rigid bus in open switchgears is the problem of structural stabilization under the action of various dynamic loads. The implementation of rigid bus with large spans of tube showed a real risk of wind resonance for cylindrical tube structures (aeroelastic self-oscillations). This phenomenon is dangerous due to the fact that at low speeds of the wind flow, intensive oscillations of the tubes occur in the vertical plane, adding to the static loads an essential dynamic component. Its level is comparable with loads from its own weight of structures and can, in combination with other loads, will be the cause of stresses close to the limiting ones by the 1st group of limiting states. The problem of reducing the level of structural oscillations in many cases is associated with the need to increase rigidity and reduce the material consumption of structures, however, it is important to fulfil the technological requirements of the operating conditions and protect people from the harmful effects of oscillations. The article highlights some of the main ways to damp oscillations of rigid bus structures. Is given a mathematical model of the simplest single-mass spring inertial dynamic oscillation damper. Experimental studies have been carried out on the joint work of the rigid bus structure with the spring damper. Has been confirmed the effectiveness of spring dampers using, both outside and inside the tube-bus.