bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the psychosocial impact of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor therapy in Cystic Fibrosis patients
Authors: García Marta Solís , Peláez Adrián , Punter Rosa Mar Gómez , López María Criado , Carbajal Claudia Madrid , Ancochea Julio , Bachiller Jose María Eiros , Hernández Ana Sofía Martín , Rodrigo-García María , Clemente Marta García , Moreno Rosa Mª Girón 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess how Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) influences lung function, Body Mass Index (BMI), Sweat Test (ST) and mental health of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients, emphasizing on depression and anxiety.

Methods
We conducted an observational, prospective, multicentre study including 108 patients over 18 years old who initiated ETI therapy between December 2019 and December 2023. Patients underwent regular evaluations, including clinical, functional, and microbiological assessments, alongside completion of quality of life, anxiety, and depression questionnaires. We evaluated whether there was a difference in anxiety and depression levels over time.

Results
After 12 months of treatment, significant improvements were noted in BMI, lung function (FEV1%), ST and various aspects of quality of life (CFQ-R). However, anxiety and depression levels did not differ significantly during the follow-up. When we stratified our sample by key groups, we observed that younger patients (under 28 years) and those with homozygous Phe508del mutations experienced significant higher anxiety with no differences on depression. Furthermore, anxiety and depression demonstrated a moderate correlation, strengthening over time.

Conclusions
Treatment with ETI establishes significant improvements in lung function, BMI, ST and quality of life in patients with CF. However, despite these positive outcomes, there were no significant changes observed in levels of anxiety and depression, except for individuals with homozygous mutation type and those younger than 28 years old, who exhibited significant higher levels of anxiety.
De-identification of clinical notes with pseudo-labeling using regular expression rules and pre-trained BERT
Authors: An Jiyong , Kim Jiyun , Sunwoo Leonard , Baek Hyunyoung , Yoo Sooyoung , Lee Seunggeun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
De-identification of clinical notes is essential to utilize the rich information in unstructured text data in medical research. However, only limited work has been done in removing personal information from clinical notes in Korea.

Methods
Our study utilized a comprehensive dataset stored in the Note table of the OMOP Common Data Model at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. This dataset includes 11,181,617 radiology and 9,282,477 notes from various other departments (non-radiology reports). From this, 0.1% of the reports (11,182) were randomly selected for training and validation purposes. We used two de-identification strategies to improve performance with limited and few annotated data. First, a rule-based approach is used to construct regular expressions on the 1,112 notes annotated by domain experts. Second, by using the regular expressions as label-er, we applied a semi-supervised approach to fine-tune a pre-trained Korean BERT model with pseudo-labeled notes.

Results
Validation was conducted using 342 radiology and 12 non-radiology notes labeled at the token level. Our rule-based approach achieved 97.2% precision, 93.7% recall, and 96.2% F1 score from the department of radiology notes. For machine learning approach, KoBERT-NER that is fine-tuned with 32,000 automatically pseudo-labeled notes achieved 96.5% precision, 97.6% recall, and 97.1% F1 score.

Conclusion
By combining a rule-based approach and machine learning in a semi-supervised way, our results show that the performance of de-identification can be improved.
Exploring the needs of family caregivers of people living with mental illness: a qualitative study in Lobatse, Botswana
Authors: Sakwape Keletwaetse , Kovane Gaotswake Patience , Chukwuere Precious Chibuike , Moagi Miriam Mmamphamo , Machailo Rorisang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Mental disorders significantly contribute to the global disease burden and are a leading cause of disability worldwide. 57.8 million adults deal with some form of mental condition. Family caregivers play a crucial role in supporting people living with mental illness (PLWMI), but their own well-being is often impacted. When a family member has a mental illness, caregivers often feel solely responsible for various aspects, significantly increasing the burden of caregiving. This study aimed to explore and describe the needs of family caregivers of people living with mental illness in Lobatse.

Methods
The study used an exploratory, descriptive, contextual qualitative design to explore and describe the needs of family members caring for relatives diagnosed with mental illnesses. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the family caregivers who participated in the study. Data was collected through in-depth individual face-to-face interviews and analysed using a content analysis approach. The study’s trustworthiness was ensured by establishing credibility, transferability, authenticity, confirmability, and dependability. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the relevant authorities, and written informed consent was secured from all participants.

Results
Several key needs of PLWMI family caregivers were identified: the need for interventions to assist family caregivers, the need for informational support, and the need for perceptible support.

Conclusion
Caring for a family member with mental illness at home is highly demanding and has negative effects on the caregivers’ financial, social, and emotional well-being. The study uncovered the specific needs of family caregivers. These findings underscore the importance of developing guidelines to improve the well-being of family caregivers and provide them with necessary support.
Comprehensive network pharmacology and experimental study to investigate the effect and mechanism of solasonine on breast carcinoma treatment
Authors: Ge Wenkai , Gao Min , Dai Yingqi , Zheng Gang , Yang Li , Zuo Wenshu , Tian Xingsong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Ferroptosis is a therapeutic strategy for breast carcinoma (BC). Solasonine (SS) was linked to ferroptosis as a tumor suppressor. However, whether SS could treat BC by activating ferroptosis and its underlying mechanisms has not been reported.

Methods
We obtained the intersection of genes targeting SS and BC disease through network pharmacology. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the intersection genes were primarily enriched in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK2/MAPK) signaling pathway. The interaction modes of SS with ERK2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were simulated by molecular docking. We further detected the expressions of ERK2 and p-ERK2 in BC patients and the correlation between ERK2/p-ERK2 and ferroptosis. The effects and mechanism of SS on ferroptosis in BC were validated by mutation plasmids construction, immunohistology, wound healing, transwell assay, and western blotting using in vitro and in vivo models.

Results
ERK2 and p-ERK2 were up-regulated in BC patients, and the ERK2/p-ERK2 ratio was negatively correlated with ferroptosis. Molecular docking indicated that SS could bind to ERK2 and EGFR to inhibit the activity of the ERK2/MAPK pathway. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that SS induced ferroptosis by inhibiting the ERK2/MAPK pathway, inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells.

Conclusion
SS could inactivate the ERK2/MAPK pathway, thereby inducing ferroptosis and further inhibiting BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study clarified the potential mechanism of SS in BC and provided a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
Targeting TUBB2B inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth and brain-metastatic colonization
Authors: He Qingling , Hu Jianyang , Ngo Fung-Yin , Zhang Huiqi , He Lin , Huang Hao , Wu Tan , Pan Yilin , Yang Zihan , Jiang Yuanyuan , Cho William C. , Cheuk Wah , Tse Gary M. , Tsang Julia Y. , Yang Mengsu , Zhang Liang , Wang Xin , Lo Pui-Chi , Lau C. Geoffrey , Chin Y. Rebecca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The triple-negative subtype of breast cancer is particularly challenging to treat due to its aggressiveness with a high risk of brain metastasis, and the lack of effective targeted therapies. Tubulin beta 2B class IIb (TUBB2B), a β-tubulin isoform regulating axon guidance during embryonic development, was found to be overexpressed in various types of cancers including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, its functional roles in breast cancer or metastasis remain unclear.

Methods
To identify TUBB2B as a novel molecular target in TNBC, we performed bioinformatics analysis to assess the association of TUBB2B expression and survival of patients. RNAscope in situ hybridization was used to examine TUBB2B expression in clinical breast tumor samples. The effect of TUBB2B knockdown on TNBC growth and brain metastasis colonization was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays. Mass spectrometry (MS) and biochemical experiments were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Preclinical efficacy of targeting TUBB2B was determined in xenograft studies using the siRNA-gold nanoparticle (siRNA-AuNP) approach.

Results
TUBB2B, but not other β-tubulin isoforms, is frequently overexpressed in TNBC primary tumors as well as brain metastases. We also find that upregulation of TUBB2B is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Silencing TUBB2B induces tumor cell death and inhibits the outgrowth of brain metastasis. Mechanistically, we identify eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (eEF1A1) as a novel interacting partner of TUBB2B, revealing a previously unexplored role of TUBB2B in translational regulation. In line with its neural-related functions, TUBB2B overexpression in TNBC cells activates astrocytes, which in turn upregulate TUBB2B in tumor cells. These findings suggest a feed-forward interaction between TUBB2B in TNBC cells and astrocytes that promotes brain metastatic colonization. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potent inhibition of TNBC xenograft growth as well as brain metastatic colonization using TUBB2B siRNA-AuNP treatment, indicating potential clinical applications of targeting TUBB2B for TNBC.

Conclusions
TUBB2B is a novel TNBC gene that plays a key role in promoting tumor cell survival and brain metastatic colonization, and can be targeted by siRNA-AuNPs as a treatment strategy.
Assessing the perceived impact of ESOR training programs on radiologists’ professional development
Authors: Grégory Jules , Kofoed-Ottesen Mathias , Lindlbauer Brigitte , Loewe Christian , Vilgrain Valérie ,   European Society of Radiology (ESR)
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluates the perceived impact of European School of Radiology (ESOR) training programs on radiologists’ professional development.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey targeted alumni who participated in ESOR fellowships from 2011 to 2023. The survey included questions on demographics, professional background, ESOR program details, and career impact. Data were collected via a web-based questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Results
A total of 916 alumni were invited to the survey, with a response rate of 21% (190 participants). The median age was 31 years (range 29–33), and 54% were female. Most worked in public healthcare (62%) and were involved in academic activities (24%). Fellowship types included the visiting scholarship program (44%), Bracco fellowship (32%), and exchange program for fellowships (25%). The majority (59%) reported the fellowship helped them reach their current position, and 35% noted it upgraded their CV. Significant application of learned skills was reported by 69%. Ongoing cooperation with former tutors was maintained by 54%. Financial support was crucial, with 41% stating they could not have completed the training without it, 33% considering it very important, and 13% important. Participants rated the impact on clinical skills with a median score of 9/10. Other areas of impact included research skills (median 7/10), subspecialization (median 9/10), exposure to diverse practices (median 9/10), networking (median 10/10), and personal and professional growth (median 10/10).

Conclusion
ESOR training programs significantly enhance radiologists’ professional development through comprehensive support, high-quality training, and substantial financial aid, ensuring participants are well-equipped for career advancement.

Critical relevance statement
This study evaluates the perceived impact of ESOR training programs on radiologists’ professional development, highlighting significant enhancements in clinical skills, career advancement, and the critical role of financial support in facilitating access to high-quality education.

Key Points

The ESOR offers various programs addressing both foundational and advanced training in radiology.

Fifty-nine percent of participants reported that ESOR fellowships helped them achieve their current positions.

Participants experienced a median improvement score of 9 out of 10 in clinical skills.

Fifty-four percent of participants maintained ongoing cooperation with former tutors post-fellowship.

ESOR financial support was perceived as crucial by many participants, ensuring access to high-quality education.

Graphical Abstract
Influence of virtual monoenergetic reconstructions on coronary CT angiography-based fractional flow reserve with photon-counting detector CT: intra-individual comparison with energy-integrating detector CT
Authors: Tremamunno Giuseppe , Pinos Daniel , Zsarnoczay Emese , Schoepf U. Joseph , Vecsey-Nagy Milan , Gnasso Chiara , Fink Nicola , Kravchenko Dmitrij , Hagar Muhammad Taha , Griffith Joseph , O’Doherty Jim , Laghi Andrea , Emrich Tilman , Varga-Szemes Akos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the impact of the photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT-based virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) reconstruction keV levels on CT-based fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR), compared to the energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT.

Methods
Patients undergoing clinically indicated coronary CT angiography (CCTA) on an EID-CT were prospectively enrolled for a research CCTA on a PCD-CT within 30 days. PCD-CT datasets were reconstructed at VMI levels of 45, 55, 70, and 90 keV. CT-FFR was obtained semiautomatically using an on-site machine learning algorithm by two readers. CT-FFR ≤ 0.80 was considered hemodynamically significant.

Results
A total of 20 patients (63.3 ± 8.8 years; 13 men (65%) were included. Median CT-FFR values in the per-vessel analysis for PCD-CT scans were 0.86 (0.81–0.92) for 45 keV, 0.87 (0.80–0.93) for 55 keV, 0.85 (0.79–0.92) for 70 keV and 0.82 (0.76–0.89) for 90 keV, and 0.86 (0.71–0.93) for EID-CT. Comparison among different VMIs showed significant differences only for 45 vs. 90 keV (p < 0.001), and 55 vs. 90 keV (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the pairwise comparison between any VMI and EID-CT (all p > 0.05). PCD-CT at 70 keV showed the highest correlation (r = 0.83, p < 0.001), agreement (ICC: 0.90 (0.84–0.94)), and the lowest bias (mean bias −0.01; limits of agreement, 0.84/0.94) when compared to EID-CT.

Conclusion
VMI reconstructions showed significant influence on CT-FFR values only at the extreme levels of the spectrum, while no significant differences were found in comparison with EID-CT. VMI at 70 keV demonstrates the highest correlation and agreement, with the lowest bias compared to EID-CT.

Critical relevance statement
Evidence on novel spectral photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT’s impact on CT-fractional flow reserve (FFR) is limited; our results demonstrate the feasibility of CT-FFR using PCD-CT, showing no significant differences between various virtual monoenergetic images and energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT values

Key Points

The impact of spectral photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT on CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) is unclear.

Spectral PCD-CT-based CT-FFR is feasible, differing only at extreme virtual monoenergetic image levels.

CT-FFR from PCD-CT at 70 keV showed the strongest correlation with energy-integrating detector-CT.

Graphical Abstract
Usutu virus continues to spread across Europe: first report of multiple molecular detections of the USUV Africa 2 and Africa 3 lineages in free-living and captive birds in Poland, July–November 2023
Authors: Dziadek Kamila , Niczyporuk Jowita Samanta , Styś-Fijoł Natalia , Czujkowska Agnieszka , Śmietanka Krzysztof , Domańska-Blicharz Katarzyna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The growing importance of the Usutu virus (USUV) as an emerging zoonotic viral pathogen motivated Poland to investigate the epidemiological status of USUV infections among native bird species. Consequently, out of the 357 birds tested, 34 avian individuals from different geographical areas of the country were confirmed to be USUVpositive by RT‒PCR between July and November 2023. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the first recorded occurrence of the USUV Africa 2 and Africa 3 genetic lineages in Poland.
Optimizing energy task offloading technique using IoMT cloud in healthcare applications
Authors: Bhasker B. , Kaliraj S. , Gobinath C. , Sivakumar V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has revolutionized patient data and healthcare surveillance, enabling continuous monitoring without costly human resources and low error rates. IoMT uses medical devices as nodes to monitor and collect patient data efficiently and cost-effectively. IoMT issues emergency alarms and monitors people in hospitals and at home to help physicians track their health. It analyzes EEGs, ECGs, blood sugar, blood pressure, and other health markers. Real-time analysis is essential in crucial situations, these latency-sensitive scenarios are suitable for cloud-based IoT platforms. This research proposes an Efficient Augmented Moth-Flame Optimization (EA-MFO) technique for task offloading. The method focuses on prioritizing critical tasks to ensure deadlines are met while optimizing energy consumption for other tasks. EA-MFO enhances the moth-flame optimization process by incorporating chaos-based initialization, adaptive position updates with weighted adjustments, and strategies to improve population diversity. The chaos-based logistic map is used to increase diversity during initialization. Simulation results reveal that EA-MFO outperforms E-PSO, GWO, MQGA, and MATO in terms of energy consumption, makespan, and total execution time (TEC). Specifically, EA-MFO achieves a total execution time of 0.63 s, a makespan of 52.13 s, and energy consumption of 592.78 kWh.
What is favourable conservation status?: A systematic map protocol
Authors: Oswald Alice M. , Mannion Natasha , Willis Stephen G. , Stephens Philip A. , McGowan Philip J.K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Favourable Conservation status (FCS) is the overarching goal of the Habitats and Birds Directives, in which it is described as the situation in which a habitat or species is thriving throughout its natural range and is expected to continue to thrive. However, despite being introduced over thirty years ago, FCS has not been widely adopted as a conservation assessment framework. This systematic map aims to collate and characterise evidence to understand 1) how the term FCS is used in the literature, and 2) the context of its applications in policy and practice. Specifically, we ask the question: how is FCS defined and how has it been applied in policy and practice? This review will contribute to the field by providing the first systematic evidence synthesis on FCS, both as a concept and as a practical application, and will review the broader applicability of FCS beyond Member State reporting obligations.

Methods
A systematic search of the literature will be conducted to collate and categorise evidence on the definitions and applications of FCS and barriers to its implementation. The literature will be screened in two stages to assess relevance, firstly by titles and abstracts and secondly by the full-texts. Studies will be assessed against eligibility criteria pertaining to the components of the question. Coded data will be extracted from the relevant studies and used in a narrative synthesis to summarise the evidence in a discussion, complemented by descriptive statistics and visual aids.
Evaluation of pathogenic variant in WFS1 in a patient with Wolfram syndrome
Authors: Hoseinzadeh Marziyeh , Jahani Mohammad Mehdi , Nasrniya Samane , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a genetically disorder that affect on many organs, and neurodegenerative disorder. Although various clinical dysfunctions may have different onset times, they can collectively contribute to delays in the diagnosis of the disorder. To date, more than 200 pathogenic and likely pathogenic variant have been identified. In the present investigation, we evaluated three families with WS and reported a mutation in the WFS1.

Methods
This study, we have evaluated mutation in the WFS gene in three consanguineous families including three patients with a history of young-onset DM, progressive hearing loss and optic atrophy further neurological abnormalities.

Results
Sequencing results showed a novel homozygous stop-gain variant, c.1444A > T (p.K482X), and two previously reported mutations (c.2006A > G and c.2105G > A) in exon 8 of WFS1 gene. The variant interpretation was done according to the genetic guidelines. Finally, p.K482X was determined as a novel pathogen variant. Also, analysis showed that variants in parents were heterozygous.

Conclusions
The present survey, revealed a novel nonsense mutation in the wolframin protein, creates a frameshift which causes a premature stop codon truncating the protein in amino acid 482 residues. This mutation occurs in transmembrane domain and causes elimination of 46% of wolframin protein.
Stability indicating RP-UPLC determination of three antiviral agents: emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine in combined pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Kommineni Vinutha , Pohar Spoorthi , Lakshmi N. Sri , Latha N. Swarna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The concurrent measurement of emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine was achieved using UPLC, employing Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) principles, which encompass response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design (BBD). This approach offers a systematic and efficient method for improving analytical procedures and ensuring reliable results.

Results
Analyte separation was accomplished using an Endoversil C 18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm) column as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 80% orthophosphoric acid (0.1%) and 20% acetonitrile, with a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min and a column temperature of 30 °C. A photodiode array detector was used for detection at 270 nm. The peak area response-concentration curve exhibited linearity across ranges of 50–250 µg/ml (emtricitabine), 100–500 µg/ml (tenofovir), and 10–50 µg/ml (rilpivirine). Quantitation limits were determined to be 0.099 µg/ml (emtricitabine), 0.165 µg/ml (tenofovir), and 0.066 µg/ml (rilpivirine). The method was successfully validated for the simultaneous determination of emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine in combined tablet dosage form. Percentage recoveries were 99.89%, 99.52%, and 100.20%, with relative standard deviations of 0.415%, 0.268%, and 0.559% for emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine, respectively.

Conclusion
The performance of the proposed method was evaluated against reported RP-UPLC methods and found to be rapid and cost-effective. The developed and validated stability indicating RP-UPLC method proved suitable for quality control and drug analysis.