bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence for dominance-discovery tradeoffs inPheidole(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) assemblages
Authors: Klunk Cristian L. , Pie Marcio R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms that allow species coexistence across spatial scales is of great interest to ecologists. Many such proposed mechanisms involve tradeoffs between species in different life-history traits, with distinct tradeoffs being expected to be prevalent at varying temporal and spatial scales. The dominance-discovery tradeoff posits that species differ in their ability to find and use resources quickly, in contraposition to their ability to monopolize those resources, a mechanism analogous to the competition-colonization tradeoff. We investigated the occurrence of this structuring mechanism inPheidole(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) assemblages in Atlantic Forest remnants. According to the dominance-discovery tradeoff, we should observe a consistent interspecific variation along the axis of discovery and dominance. We established 55 sampling units across two sites, with each unit consisting of a sardine bait monitored for three hours. There was no distinction amongPheidolespecies in their ability to find or dominate food sources, suggesting that the dominance-discovery tradeoff does not explain their coexistence. The low levels of aggression betweenPheidolespecies could prevent the establishment of dominance hierarchies, whereas the species order of arrival at food sources could allow for resource partitioning through priority effects.
Species distribution modeling and conservation assessment of the black-headed night monkey (Aotus nigriceps) – A species of Least Concern that faces widespread anthropogenic threats
Authors: Helenbrook William D. , Valdez Jose W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDeforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazon have been steadily increasing since 2007. Recent government policy, projected growth of agriculture, and expansion of the cattle industry is expected to further pressure primates within the Amazon basin. In this study, we examined the anthropogenic impact on the widely distributed black-headed night monkey,Aotus nigriceps, whose distribution and population status have yet to be assessed. We 1) modeled species distribution inA. nigriceps; 2) estimated impact of habitat loss on population trends; and 3) highlight landscape-based conservation actions which maximize potential for their long-term sustainability. We found the black-headed night monkey to be restricted by several biotic and environmental factors including forest cover, elevation, isothermality, and precipitation. Over the last two decades, over 132,908 km2of tree cover (18%) has been lost within their documented range. We found this species occupies only 49% of habitat within in their range, a loss of 19% from their estimated 2000 distribution, and just over 34% of occupied areas were in protected areas. Projected deforestation rates ofA. nigricepsequates to an additional loss of 23,084 km2of occupied habitat over the next decade. This study suggests that although classified as a species of Least Concern,A. nigricepsmay have a much smaller range and is likely more at risk than previously described. The future impact of continued expansion of mono-cultured crops, cattle ranching, and wildfires is still unknown. However, expanded use of participatory REDD+, sustainable agroforestry in buffer zones, secured land tenor for indigenous communities, wildlife corridors, and the expansion of protected areas can help ensure viability for this nocturnal primate and other sympatric species throughout the Amazon Basin.
Identification of Putative Cell Wall Synthesis Genes inBetula pendula
Authors: Chen Song , Zhao Xiyang , Chen Su 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCellulose is an essential structural component of the plant cell wall and is an important resource for the production of paper, textiles, bioplastics and other biomaterials. The synthesis of cellulose is among the most important but poorly understood biochemical processes, which is precisely regulated by internal and external cues. Here we identified 46 gene models in 7 gene families which encoding cellulose synthase and related enzymes ofBetula pendula, and the transcript abundance of these genes in xylem, root, leaf and flower tissues also be determined. Based on these RNA-seq data, we have identified 8 genes that most likely participate in cell wall synthesis. In parallel, a gene co-expression network was also constructed based on transcriptome sequencing.FundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 31870659, The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, grant number 2572019CG08 funded this research and Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program (Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team).Conflicts of interest / Competing interestsThe authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.Consent to participateNot applicable.Consent for publicationNot applicable.Availability of data and materialAll data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.Code availabilityNot applicable.Authors’ contributionsAll authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Song Chen. Conceived and supervised were performed by Xiyang Zhao and Su Chen.
Nutrient sensing pathways regulating adult reproductive diapause inC. elegans
Authors: Eustice Moriah , Reece Jeff M. , Konzman Daniel , Ghosh Salil , Alston Jhullian , Hansen Tyler , Golden Andy , Bond Michelle R. , Hanover John A. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTGenetic and environmental manipulations, such as dietary restriction (DR), can improve both health span and lifespan in a wide range of organisms, including humans. Changes in nutrient intake trigger often overlapping metabolic pathways that can generate distinct or even opposite outputs depending on several factors, such as when DR occurs in the lifecycle of the organism or the nature of the changes in nutrients. Due to the complexity of metabolic pathways and the diversity in outputs, the underlying mechanisms regulating diet-associated pro-longevity are not yet well understood. Adult reproductive diapause (ARD) in the model organismCaenorhabditis elegansis a DR model that is associated with lengthened lifespan and reproductive potential (Angelo and Van Gilst 2009). As the metabolic pathways regulating ARD have not yet been explored in depth, we performed a candidate-based genetic screen analyzing select nutrient-sensing pathways to determine their contribution to the regulation of ARD. Focusing on the three phases of ARD (initiation, maintenance, and recovery), we find that ARD initiation is regulated by fatty acid metabolism, sirtuins, AMPK, and the O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) pathway. Although ARD maintenance was not significantly influenced by the nutrient sensors in our screen, we found that ARD recovery was modulated by energy sensing, stress response, insulin-like signaling, and the TOR pathway. We also discovered that fatty acid β-oxidation regulates ARD initiation through a pathway involving the O-GlcNAc cycling enzyme, OGT-1, acting with the nuclear hormone receptor NHR-49. Consistent with these findings, our analysis revealed a change in levels of neutral lipids associated with ARD entry defects. Our findings thus identify novel conserved genetic pathways required for ARD entry and recovery and identify new genetic interactions that provide insight into the role of OGT and OGA.
Impact of pomegranate peel as prebiotic in bio-yoghurt
Authors: Ibrahim Amel , Awad Sameh , El-Sayed Mahmoud 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe effect of pomegranate whole and inside peels before and after extraction of the tannic acid have been carried out in stimulated media and in gastrointestinal conditionsDesign/methodology/approachAdding pomegranate peels with and without tannins at different levels to bio-stirred yoghurt to study its effect as prebiotic, in addition to evaluating the effect on physiochemical, sensorial and rheological propertiesFindingsThe results reveal that pomegranate peels before and after removing tannins had no effect on the viability of a single strain of Lb. acidophilus in stimulated media, while the growth of mixed probiotic culture (Lb.acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum) was enhanced when pomegranate peels (whole and inside part) free from tannins were used. Tannin-free pomegranate peels enhanced the viability of probiotic culture under gastrointestinal conditions. In this study, all probiotic cultures were maintained counts around log 8 cfu /g in stirred bio-yoghurt supplements with pomegranate peels after 21days. Bio-yoghurt supplemented with pomegranate peels at 0.5% gained high scores for overall acceptability.Originality/valuePomegranate has been recognized as a good source of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Some researchers have utilized pomegranate peel in fermented milk, but most of the studies have found that tannins inhibit the bacterial culture. This study recommended that the supplementation of low-fat bio-yoghurt with tannin-free pomegranate peels enhanced the texture properties, viscosity of the product, as well as the viability of probiotic culture during shelf life. Therefore, the tannin-free pomegranate peel could be used as a prebiotic in functional fermented dairy products.
Concepts of social sustainability based on social infrastructure and quality of life
Authors: Grum Bojan , Kobal Grum Darja 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThere is a lack of theoretical and empirical studies regarding concepts of social sustainability based on social infrastructure. The idea of understanding this paper is that quality social infrastructure leads to the general quality of people’s life in the built environment and that is rounded up to social sustainability. This paper aims to integrate these concepts into the network, hereinafter referred to as a social sustainability model.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used in this paper is desk research. The authors follow methodological steps in the building of conceptual network: setting up a research problem; choice of databases; reviewing the literature and categorizing the selected data; identifying and default conceptual definition; integrating the concepts; synthesis and making it all make sense; and assembly and validating the concept. Through that, a large volume of bibliographic materials was scanned, and a limited number of documents have been reviewed and critiqued. The documents have been selected from varied disciplines, including social infrastructure, quality of life, social sustainability, urban sociology, housing policy as among the articles.FindingsThe result is the model which represents the links between social infrastructure (utility equipment, public infrastructure, vital objects and fundamentals) and further between factors inside quality of life structure (users, quality of life, reflections). The result is the model which representing the links between social infrastructure (utility equipment, public infrastructure, vital objects and fundamentals) and further between factors inside well-being structure (users, quality of life, reflections).Research limitations/implicationsThere is a potential risk of errors arising from the use of assumptions, limited desk reviews and data from secondary resources.Originality/valueThe authors portray the development of social sustainability model. Within this model, the authors can critically observe all levels within the existing built environment: user responses to the built environment, their satisfaction, social inclusion, health, etc. Within this model, they can observe the links between existing research, their frequency, capture, direction and not least to determine which areas have not been explored and where the lacks of research are. The conclusion outlines the framework and its main concepts of social sustainability based on social infrastructure and well-being, including their theoretical premises and components.
Learning from experience – a probe into the off-campus internships under the five-year cosmetology technical and vocational education program
Authors: Ju-Hsuan Yeh , Lo Tsai-Yun , Wu Ming-Chang , Wang Li-Feng 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to probe into the implementation of internship courses under the five-year cosmetology program in Taiwan from the perspective of Dewey's philosophies in hopes that the analysis can serve as reference for schools in planning their internship courses in the future.Design/methodology/approachThis paper probes into the off-campus internship courses under Taiwan's five-year junior college education program by applying Dewey's empirical philosophy.FindingsThe study aims to understand the learning experience acquired by students from learning by doing internship courses as reference for future internship design. The current internship courses comprise the follows: summer, during the semester and for a full academic year. The experience of summer internship is career exploration, the experience for semester internship is career experience and the experience from academic-year internship is career choice. The internship strategies are designed according to the three different internship approaches, so that the internship courses can implement the educational effect of “learning from experience”.Practical implicationsTo minimize the discrepancy between the cosmetology program under the five-year junior college education and the employment market, credit-based off-campus internship courses are arranged for students' final years at school.Social implicationsThrough on-site trainings, students accumulate work experience and explore into a related career field. The accumulation of experience and gaining of insights mirror the philosophy of learning by doing, which involves students' reflective thinking.Originality/valueIt is hoped that the analysis can serve as reference for internship courses planning in the future.
A fresh look at self-employment, stress and health: accounting for self-selection, time and gender
Authors: Stephan Ute , Li Jun , Qu Jingjing 
Published: May 2020

PurposePast research on self-employment and health yielded conflicting findings. Integrating predictions from the Stressor-Strain Outcome model, research on challenge stressors and allostatic load, we predict that physical and mental health are affected by self-employment in distinct ways which play out over different time horizons. We also test whether the health impacts of self-employment are due to enhanced stress (work-related strain) and differ for man and women.Design/methodology/approachWe apply non-parametric propensity score matching in combination with a difference-in-difference approach and longitudinal cohort data to examine self-selection and the causal relationship between self-employment and health. We focus on those that transit into self-employment from paid employment (opportunity self-employment) and analyze strain and health over four years relative to individuals in paid employment.FindingsThose with poorer mental health are more likely to self-select into self-employment. After entering self-employment, individuals experience a short-term uplift in mental health due to lower work-related strain, especially for self-employed men. In the longer-term (four years) the mental health of the self-employed drops back to pre-self-employment levels. We find no effect of self-employment on physical health.Practical implicationsOur research helps to understand the nonpecuniary benefits of self-employment and suggests that we should not advocate self-employment as a “healthy” career.Originality/valueThis article advances research on self-employment and health. Grounded in stress theories it offers new insights relating to self-selection, the temporality of effects, the mediating role of work-related strain, and gender that collectively help to explain why past research yielded conflicting findings.
Does inclusive leadership affect project success? The mediating role of perceived psychological empowerment and psychological safety
Authors: Khan Jabran , Jaafar Mastura , Javed Basharat , Mubarak Namra , Saudagar Tahira 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThrough the lens of the leader–member exchange theory, this study assessed the relationship between inclusive leadership (IL) and project success by incorporating the mediating roles of psychological empowerment (PE) and psychological safety (PS).Design/methodology/approachTime-lagged data were collected from 328 employees working in project-based organisations across the information technology industry. Structural equation modelling (SEM) using AMOS 26 was employed for data analysis.FindingsBy using the SEM approach, the confirmatory factor analysis had verified the distinctiveness of the variables used in this study. The findings displayed that IL increased project success both directly and indirectly through the mediating roles of PE and PS.Originality/valueThis study addressed two research questions that have been left unanswered in the literature. The initial research question is “how IL enhances project success?”, and this study found that IL enhanced project success. The second research question is “what are the suggested mechanisms for IL to promote project success?” This study has proven that IL enhanced project success through two important mediating mechanisms, namely, PE and PS.
Supplier-initiating risk management behaviour and supply-side resilience: the effects of interpersonal relationships and dependence asymmetry in buyer-supplier relationships
Authors: Fan Yiyi , Stevenson Mark , Li Fang 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe aim of the study is to explore how two dimensions of interpersonal relationships (i.e. size and range of relationships) affect supplier-initiating risk management behaviours (SIRMB) and supply-side resilience. Further, the study aims to explore the moderating role of dependence asymmetry.Design/methodology/approachNine hypotheses are tested based on a moderated mediation analysis of survey data from 247 manufacturing firms in China. The data are validated using a subset of 57 attentive secondary respondents and archival data.FindingsSIRMB positively relates to supply-side resilience. Further, SIRMB mediates the positive relationship between range and supply-side resilience, and this relationship is stronger at lower levels of dependence asymmetry. Yet, although dependence asymmetry positively moderates the relationship between range and SIRMB, it negatively moderates the relationship between size and SIRMB. We did not, however, find evidence that size has a conditional indirect effect on supply-side resilience through SIRMB.Practical implicationsManagers in buying firms can incentivise SIRMB to enhance supply-side resilience by developing a diverse rather than a large set of interpersonal relationships with a supplier. This might include allocating particular employees with a wide range of contacts within a supplier to that relationship, while it may be necessary to adopt different networking strategies for different supplier relationships. Firms in a highly asymmetrical relationship may seek to raise supplier expectations about the necessity to initiate risk management behaviour or look to change the dynamic of the relationship by managing contracts for fairness.Originality/valueNew knowledge on SIRMB as a mediating variable underpinning the relationship between interpersonal relationships and supply-side resilience is provided; and empirical evidence on the opposing moderation effect of dependence asymmetry is presented.
A descriptive case study of effective decision-making of a local government organization in the United States of America
Authors: Capler Jennifer 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis article details a qualitative descriptive case study of affective factors of effective decision-making of one local government organization in the United States of America. The specific problem was that many elected American local government representatives lack effective decision-making strategies. This research focus indicated a lack of qualitative research on the real-world experience of factors that were taken into consideration during decision-making within American local government organizations.Design/methodology/approachUsing a local government organization in southwest Illinois, elected representatives were interviewed and observed. The interviews and observations surfaced how the representatives made decisions. Data were analyzed using manual coding and theming to determine themes and patterns.FindingsThe results produced six themes about factors, including emotional intelligence, which impacted decision-making. They are: (1) remembering the past, (2) communication and respect, (3) spurring economic growth and development, (4) fairness, (5) recognizing and removing emotions and bias and (6) accountability.Research limitations/implicationsBeing a single case study, this research is limited in generalization. The research was limited to the identification of current, real-world experience of elected local government representatives.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research can be used to create more effective decision-making practices for local government organizations of similar size.Originality/valueThis is the first study to review, in-depth, the decision-making and emotional intelligence factors of local government organizations in the United States of America. The conceptual background, discussion, implications to local government organizations, limitations and recommendations for future studies are discussed.
Reverse supply chain management in manufacturing industry: a systematic review
Authors: Mathiyazhagan Kaliyan , Rajak Sonu , Sampurna Panigrahi Swayam , Agarwal Vernika , Manani Deepa 
Published: May 2020

PurposeIn a quest to meet increasing pressure to incorporate environmental and sustainability factors due to the legislations and growing public awareness, companies are rethinking of strategizing their supply chain network to take control of the reverse flow of products as well. This growing interest has also led to tremendous growth in publications occurring in several reputed journals in the last few years. In this context, the purpose of this article is to perform a systematic literature survey of recent and state-of-the-art papers in order to draw insights and highlight the future directions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has selected and reviewed 204 papers published from the year 2002–2017. The papers were collected from the web of science and Google scholar database which have the DOI number. The selected papers were then categorized into main five core areas of RSC management namely reverse supply chain (RSC), Reverse Logistics (RL), Remanufacturing, Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) and Product Recovery Systems (PRS) and then analyzed with great detail. Finally, the research gaps that were identified from the study have been highlighted for future research opportunities.FindingsThis paper would serve as a roadmap to the managers who wish to align their forward and reverse supply chains for overall growth and development. It provides an in-depth knowledge on RSC to the researchers working in this domain. The scholars would be able to identify the areas of RSC which have been already addressed and the areas which remain unaddressed.Originality/valueThis paper presents a systematic literature survey of state-of-the-art papers that was published in the reputed journal in the area of RSC. Total 204 numbers of papers which were published in the reputed journals between 2002 and 2017 are reviewed, categorized and analysed to draw the opportunities and future research direction in the area of RSC.