bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Down-regulated RPS-30 in Angiostrongylus cantonensis L5 plays a defensive role against damage due to oxidative stress
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Yan Xiumei , Shi Qing , Zhang Yuanjiao , Huang Junting , Huang Huicong , Shi Hongfei , Yan Baolong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Eosinophilic meningitis, caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis L5, is mainly attributed to the Eosinophils, which contribute to tissue inflammatory responses in helminthic infections. Eosinophils are associated with helminthic killing, using the peroxidative oxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by dismutation of superoxide produced during respiratory burst. In contrast, residing in the host with high level of eosinophils, helminthic worms have evolved to attenuate eosinophil-mediated tissue inflammatory responses for their survival in hosts. Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of Acan-rps-30 was significantly down-regulated in A. cantonensis L5 worms, which reside in the cerebrospinal fluid with high level of Eosinophils. Acan-RPS-30, a homologous protein of human Fau, which plays a pro-apoptotic regulatory role, may function in protecting worms from oxidative stress.Methods: RACE, genome Walking, bioinformatics were used to isolate and analyse the structural characterisation of Acan-RPS-30; qRT-PCR and microinjection was performed to detect the expression patterns of Acan-rps-30; feeding RNAi was used to ced-3 knock-down; microinjection was performed to construct transgenic worms; oxidative stress assay was used to determine the functions of Acan-RPS-30.Results: Our results showed that Acan-RPS-30 consisted of 130 amino acids, and was grouped into Clade V with C. elegans in phylogenetic analysis. It was expressed ubiquitously in worms and was down-regulated in both L5 and adult A. cantonensis. Worms expressing pCe-rps30::Acan-rps-30::rfp, with the refractile “button-like” apoptotic corpses, were susceptible to oxidative stress. Apoptosis genes ced-3 and ced-4 were both up-regulated in the transgenic worms. And the phenotype susceptible to oxidative stress could be converted with ced-3 defective mutation and RNAi. rps-30- /- mutant worms were resistant to oxidative stress, with ced-3 and ced-4 were both down-regulated. And the oxidative stress resistance phenotype could be rescued and inhibited by expressing pCe-rps30::Acan-rps-30::rfp in rps-30- /- mutant worms. Conclusion: In C. elegans worms, down-regulated RPS-30 plays a defensive role against damage due to oxidative stress for worm survival by regulating ced-3 down-regulated. And this might indicate the mechanism of A. cantonensis L5 worms, with Acan-RPS-30 down-regulated, surviving in the central nervous system of human from immune attack of Eosinophil.
Comparison of Remifentanil Concentrations with and without Dexmedetomidine for the Prevention of Emergence Cough after Nasal Surgery: A Randomized Double Blinded Trial
Authors: Kim Ha Yeon , Kwak Hyun Jeong , Lee Dongchul , Lee Ji Hyea , Min Sang Kee , Kim Jong-Yeop 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: After nasal surgery, preventing emergence cough is critical. Emergence cough can provoke immediate postoperative bleeding, which leads to upper airway obstruction. In the present study, we compared the effect-site concentration (Ce) of remifentanil for preventing emergence cough after propofol anesthesia when remifentanil was or was not combined with dexmedetomidine after nasal surgery.Methods: Forty-seven patients who underwent nasal surgery with propofol-remifentanil anesthesia were randomly divided into a dexmedetomidine group (Group D, n=23) or a saline group (Group S, n=24). Group D and Group S were infused dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg) or saline for 10 min before the completion of surgery. Remifentanil was infused a predetermined Ce until extubation. Remifentanil Ce for the prevention of cough in 50% of patients (EC50) and 95% of patients (EC95) was estimated using modified Dixon's up-and-down method and isotonic regression. Hemodynamic and recovery parameters were observed.Results: The EC50 of remifentanil Ce in Group D was significantly lower than that in Group S (2.15 ± 0.40 ng/mL vs. 2.66 ± 0.36 ng/mL, p = 0.023). The EC95 (95% CI) of remifentanil Ce was also significantly lower in Group D [2.75 (2.67-2.78) ng/mL] than in Group S [3.16 (3.06-3.18) ng/mL]. Emergence and recovery parameters were comparable between the two groups. Conclusion: The remifentanil EC50 for the prevention of cough after propofol-remifentanil anesthesia was significantly lower (approximately 19%) when a combination of remifentanil and 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine was used than when remifentanil infusion alone was used in patients undergoing nasal surgery. Therefore, the Ce of remifentanil may be adjusted for the prevention of emergence cough when used in combination with dexmedetomidine.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03622502, Registered August 9, 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov
Molecular Characterization of a Variant Subgroup GII-a Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain in China
Authors: Tian Zhige , Lian Yuexiao , Hu Xiaoliang , Shi Yue , Cong Feng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Since 2010, variant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has emerged in several provinces of China. The variant strain causes high mortality of newborn piglets, which has resulted in severe economic losses to the pork breeding industry.Results: A variant PEDV strain, SC-YB73, was isolated and identified in China. Pathological observation showed atrophy of villi and edema in the lamina propria. Sequence analysis indicated that six nucleotides were inserted in the E gene, which was first detected in PEDV strains. Furthermore, fifty nucleotide sites were unique in SC-YB73, when compared with another 28 PEDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome showed that SC-YB73 was clustered in the variant subgroup GII-a, which is widely prevalent in the pig population in China. Recombination analysis suggested that SC-YB73 originated from the recombination of GDS47, TW/Yunlin550/2018, and COL/Cundinamarca/2014.Conclusion: The present study involved the isolation and genetic characterization of a variant PEDV strain. It will provide essential information for the control of PED outbreaks in China.
Comparative Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Expression Provides Insights into Adaptation to Hypoxia in Tibetan Sheep
Authors: Liu Jianbin , Yuan Chao , Lu Zengkui , Zhuoga Deqing , Guo Tingting , Zhang Jianbo , Zhang Dan , Zhuoma Zhaxi , Zhang Hao , Yang Bohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Tibetan sheep have lived on the Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years and they have a good adaptability to the hypoxic environment and strong disease resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of the Tibetan sheep adapting to this extreme environment, especially the role of genetic regulation is still unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of a diverse range of biological processes. To explore the potential lncRNAs involved in Tibetan sheep adapting to high altitude hypoxia environment, we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in liver and lung tissue of sheep based on the comparative transcriptome analysis between four Tibetan sheep populations (high altitude) and Hu sheep (low altitude). Results: A total of 7848 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs transcripts and 22971 DE mRNAs transcripts were detected by pairwise comparison. The expression patterns of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR and the results correlated well with the transcriptome data. Moreover, the functional annotation analysis based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases showed that DE mRNAs and the target genes of the lncRNAs were significantly enriched in organ morphogenesis, response to stimulus, heme binding, immune system, arginine and proline metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. The prediction of mRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-mRNA interaction networks further revealed transcripts potentially involved in adaptation to high altitude hypoxia, the hub genes that DDX24, PDCD11, EIF4A3, NDUFA11, SART1, PRPF8 and TCONS_00306477, TCONS_00306029, TCONS_00139593, TCONS_00293272, TCONS_00313398 were selected. Additionally, a set of target genes, PIK3R1, IGF1R, FZD6, IFNB2, ATF3, MB, CYP2B4, PSMD13, and TGFB1 were also identified as candidate genes associated with high altitude hypoxia adaptation. Conclusions: A collection of aberrantly expressed lncRNA, a set of target genes and biological pathways known to be relevant for altitude adaptation were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep. Our results first identified the characterization and expression profile of lncRNAs between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep and provides insights into the genetic regulation mechanisms for Tibetan sheep adaptation to high altitude hypoxia environments.
Comparing the Efficacy of Two-Week Therapy With Bismuth Quadruple Versus Levofloxacin Concomitant Regimen for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Syrian Patients. A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Alhalabi Marouf Muhammad , Alassi Mohammed Waleed , Cheha Khaled 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The eradication rate of Helicobacter Pylori infection with standard triple therapy either clarithromycin or levofloxacin has declined due to antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this research was to estimate the eradication rate of bismuth quadruple and levofloxacin concomitant regimens as empirical first-line regimens in a referral hospital in Syria.Settings and Design: an open‑label parallel blind randomized controlled trial.Methods: Researchers randomly assigned naïve patients with H pylori infection with a 1:1 ratio into two groups. We give group A (bismuth subsalicylate 524 mg four times a day, and doxycycline 100 mg tinidazole 500 mg and esomeprazole 20 mg, each twice daily for 14 days). We give group B (levofloxacin 500 mg every day, tinidazole 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg and esomeprazole 20 mg each twice daily for 14 days). Researchers used a computer program to generate randomized numbers. We concealed the sequence in an opaque envelope until the intervention was assigned. medical laboratory doctors were blinded to treatment allocation. Statistical analysis: chi-square test for categorical variables, t-test for continuous data.Results: Researchers allocated seventy-eight patients. Thirty-eight patients completed the follow‑up in bismuth regimen, and thirty-nine patients in concomitant levofloxacin. Thirty patients in the bismuth regimen were cured, the eradication rate was 78.94% according to per-protocol analysis, and 76.92% according to intention‑to‑treat analysis. While in concomitant levofloxacin thirty-two patients were cured, the eradication rate was 82.05% according to intention‑to‑treat analysis (P = 0.780). Researchers didn’t report serious adverse events in both groups. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval according to the intention‑to‑treat analysis was 1.371 [0.454-4.146]. While the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval according to per-protocol analysis was 1.22 [0.394-3.774].Conclusions: Both treatment regimens had acceptable eradication rates. Researchers suggest using both regimens as empirical first-line therapy in treating Helicobacter Pylori gastric infection in the Syrian population. No serious adverse events were recorded.Trial registration: Researchers This study was registered as a standard randomized clinical trial (Clinicaltrial.gov, identifier‑NCT04348786, date:29-January-2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04348786).
Qualitative Study to Assess the Attitudes and Perception of Employers Towards Employees with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD): Evidence from an Emerging Economy
Authors: Dordoye Eugene Kobla , Afun Lilian Ama , Alalbila Thelma Mpoku 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe disease addiction to chemical substances or drugs such as alcohol (ethanol, C2H5OH) is still not recognised by many medical practitioners as a diagnostic nosology in Ghana. It is usually considered a moral challenge, rather than a medical condition. This perception is propagated even in the Ministry of Health’s Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) policy document which punishes symptoms of substance use disorders. This study seeks to explore the perception and attitude of employers towards employees with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).MethodA qualitative approach of in-depth interviews and observations which described the perceived attitudes of employers (using HR managers as proxy) towards employees with AUD of ten private and public hospitals in the Greater-Accra Metropolis was adopted. The face-to face interviews conducted using a an interview guide were audio-recorded and later transcribed. On average, the interview lasted between 45 and 60 minutes.ResultsFindings from the 10 interviews revealed that psychological factors accounted for AUD regardless of the nature of their work. In spite of prevalence of AUD in some hospitals, it was interesting to know that majority of these facilities had no employee assistance programmes (EAPs) and the few that had some policies on AUD were not implementing them.ConclusionThis paper focused on some aspect of HR managers’ perceived attitude toward an aspect of their mental well-being which is AUD. However, there are other pertinent issues that are crucial to employee total well-being that can be addressed in future research.
Identification of an Independent Immune-Genes&nbsp;Prognostic Index for Breast Cancer
Authors: Rong Deng , yun Yu , chen Lin , Yuxiang Dong , Yitong Pan , Yuhan Zhang , Junyi Wang , chen Chen , Jianing Lu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: There are increasing evidences that the immune micro-environment of breast cancer (BC) seriously affects the clinical outcome. This study aims to explore the role of tumor immune genes in the prognosis of BC patients.Methods: We obtained the list of 2498 immune genes from ImmPort database. In addition, we obtained gene expression data and clinical characteristics data of BC patients from the TCGA database. The prognostic correlation of the differential genes was analyzed through Survival package. Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic effect of immune genes. According to the regression coefficients of prognostic immune genes in regression analysis, an immune risk scores model was established. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to probe the biological correlation of immune gene scores. P< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: In total, 556 immune genes were differentially expressed in normal tissues and BC tissues (p<0. 05). In univariate cox regression analysis, a total of 66 immune genes were statistically significant for survival risk, of which 30 were associated with overall survival (P<0.05). Through lasso regression analysis, a 15 immune genes risk scores model was established. KM survival analysisrevealed that high immune risk scores represented worse survival (p<0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune genes risk scores model had good a reliability in predicting prognosis (5-year OS, AUC=0.752). The established risk model showed splendid AUC value in the validation dataset (3-year over survival (OS) AUC=0.685, 5-year OS AUC=0.717, P=0.00048). Moreover, immune risk scoreswere proved to be an independent influencing factor for BC patients. Finally, we found that 15 immune genes and risk scores had significant clinical correlations, and were involved in a variety of carcinogenic pathways.Conclusion:In a word, our study provides a new perspective for the expression of immune genes in BC. In addition, the immune risk scores have considerable advantages in predicting the survival of BC, which ares associated with a variety of oncogenic pathways.
Effectiveness of ketamine-propofol sedation for reducing respiratory adverse events compared to propofol sedation: A Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wen Ting , Chen Shibiao , Zhao Lili , Zhang Yang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of our review was to determine whether ketamine-propofol had an advantage in reducing respiratory adverse events compared to propofol for procedural sedation.MethodsElectronic databases including Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Google Scholar were searched to identify potential studies. All randomized controlled studies from their inception to May 2020 comparing ketamine-propofol sedation with propofol sedation were identified. Pooled analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted using Stata software. The quality assessment of all included studies was completed by using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias.ResultsA total of 21 studies involving 3669 individuals were included. The most common respiratory adverse events (all reported per 100 sedations) were: hypoxia(KP 10.9%; P 17.0%), respiratory depression(KP 6.9%; P 14.9%), central apnea(KP 5.9%; P 8.0%). Pooling these 21 studies, subjects with ketamine-propofol had significant lower incidence of respiratory adverse events than those with propofol (RR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.41–0.74). When stratified by study population, no significant difference was observed in reducing respiratory adverse events between ketamine-propofol sedation and propofol sedation among children (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.46–1.20). However, significant differences were discerned definitely among adults(RR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.60).ConclusionIn summary, Our results suggested hypoxia, respiratory depression, central apnea were most common respiratory adverse events in propofol sedation. However, ketamine-propofol sedation had an advantage in reducing the incidence of respiratory adverse events compared with propofol sedation, especially in adults.
Conditional Pten Knockout in Parvalbumin- or Somatostatin-positive Neurons Sufficiently Leads to Autism-related Behavioral Phenotypes
Authors: Shin Sangyep , Santi Andrea , Huang Shiyong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Disrupted GABAergic neurons have been extensively described in brain tissues from individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and animal models for ASD. However, the contribution of these aberrant inhibitory neurons to autism-related behavioral phenotypes is not well understood. We examined ASD-related behaviors in mice with conditional Pten knockout in parvalbumin (PV)-expressing or somatostatin (Sst)-expressing neurons, two common subtypes of GABAergic neurons. We found that mice with deletion of Pten in either PV-neurons or Sstneurons displayed social deficits, repetitive behaviors and impaired motor coordination/learning. In addition, mice with one copy of Pten deletion in PV-neurons exhibited hyperlocomotion in novel open fields and home cages. We also examined anxiety behaviors and found that mice with Pten deletion in Sst-neurons displayed anxiety-like behaviors, while mice with Pten deletion in PV-neurons exhibited anxiolytic-like behaviors. These behavioral assessments demonstrate that Pten knockout in the subtype of inhibitory neurons sufficiently gives rise to ASD-core behaviors, providing evidence that both PV- and Sst-neurons may play a critical role in ASD symptoms.
Development and Validation for Prognostic Nomogram of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Recurrence based on Circulating Tumor Cells and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition : A Prospective Study
Authors: Yang Jiani , Ma Jun , Jin Yue , Cheng Shanshan , Huang Shan , Zhang Nan , Wang Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim was to determine value of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) undergoing epithelial–mesenchymal transition(EMT) in risk stratification of epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC) recurrence.MethodsCTCs were prospectively analyzed among 118 patients with pathological diagnosed EOC from June 2017 to October 2019. We used CanPatrol CTC-enrichment technique to detect CTCs from blood samples and then classify their subpopulations into epithelial, mesenchymal and hybrids. To construct nomogram based on prognostic factors selected by Cox regression analysis, 88 patients were randomly assigned to a training group, and the rest 30 patients were included in external validation group. Risk stratification was performed through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.ResultsBy multivariate regression screening, both CTC counts(HR, 1.187; 95%CI, 1.098-1.752; p=0.012) and M-CTC(HR, 1.098; 95%CI, 1.047-1.320; p=0.009) were demonstrated as independent prognosis factors for EOC recurrence. Apart from CTCs, other variables including pathological grade, FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, ascites and CA-125 were also collected(p < 0.005) to construct nomogram. The C-index of the internal and external validation for nomogram was 0.913 and 0.874. The AUC of ROC curves for nomogram with/without CTCs was 0.8705 and 0.8097, taking CTC counts and M-CTC into separation, the values were 0.8075 and 0.8262. Finally, the survival curves of risk stratification based on CTC counts(p=0.0241), M-CTC(p=0.0107), nomogram with(p=0.0021) and without(p=0.0002) CTCs were drawn with significant difference.ConclusionOverall, CTCs could serve as a novel factor for EOC prognosis. Nomogram model constructed by CTC counts, M-CTC and other clinical parameters could predict EOC recurrence and perform risk stratification for clinical decision-making.
Downregulation of NEAT1 sensitizes gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine through modulation of the miR-506-3p/ZEB2/EMT axis
Authors: Fu Xiaowei , Deng Xueqiang , Xiao Weidong , Huang Bo , Yi Xuan , Zou Yeqing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in pancreatic cancer (PC). It has been demonstrated that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely related to drug resistance in PC; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Recently found evidence has suggested that nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) is involved in the development of chemoresistance. However, the role and mechanism of NEAT1 in PC gemcitabine resistance remain unknown.MethodsTwo independent gemcitabine-resistant (GR) PC cell lines, PANC-1/GR and SW1990/GR, were established. Transwell assays were used to validate whether GR cells acquired EMT. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to detect the expression levels of NEAT1, miR-506-3p, and ZEB2 in GR cells. MTT and cell apoptosis assays were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of GR cells to gemcitabine. Rescue experiments were employed to investigate whether NEAT1 mediates drug resistance of GR cells through modulation of the miR-506-3p/ZEB2/EMT axis. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft model was established to confirm these findings.ResultsGR cells displayed markedly enhanced migration and invasion abilities, decreased expression of E-cadherin, and upregulation of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, ZEB1, and ZEB2. Furthermore, elevated expression of NEAT1 was observed in GR cells. Downregulation of NEAT1 sensitized GR cells to gemcitabine. More importantly, we demonstrated that downregulation of NEAT1 enhanced the sensitivity of GR cells to gemcitabine by reversing the EMT process. NEAT1 regulated ZEB2 expression by sponging miR-506-3p, and the function of NEAT1 in GR cells was dependent on miR-506-3p. These findings were further confirmed in a nude mouse xenograft model.ConclusionsTaken together, downregulation of NEAT1 sensitized the GR PC cells to gemcitabine through modulation of the miR-506-3p/ZEB2/EMT axis. These results provide a new direction for improving the chemotherapeutic effects in PC.