bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a theory-based multimedia intervention for schools to improve young people’s asthma: my asthma in school (MAIS)
Authors: Mosler Gioia , Harris Katherine , Grigg Jonathan , Steed Liz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Asthma control in adolescents is low with half of the young people in a London study identified as having suboptimal control when measured using the Asthma Control Test. Control of asthma symptoms can be improved by addressing barriers to good self-management, such as poor understanding of asthma and adherence to medication. The aim of this study was therefore to develop the My Asthma in School (MAIS) intervention for the improvement of asthma control and self-management in adolescents and to test its initial feasibility. The intervention intended to combine a strong focus on theory with a design specifically aimed to engage adolescents.

Methods
The intervention development was based on previous qualitative and quantitative findings, and on guidelines from the Medical Research Council for the development of complex interventions. The COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behaviour) model was applied to inform the design of intervention elements. Behavioural targets were identified from existing barriers to good asthma self-management and were then used to guide the development of engaging intervention elements, which were described using the Behavioural Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy version 1. Adolescents were involved throughout this process. The MAIS intervention was tested in a feasibility phase in London secondary schools with adolescents aged between 11 and 13.

Results
The complex school-based MAIS intervention comprised a first school visit from a theatre group, who conducted a workshop with all year 7–8 students and addressed peer understanding and attitudes to asthma. The second visit included four self-management workshops for adolescents with asthma, including games, short-films and role play activities. Forty different types of techniques to change behaviour were applied, totalling 163 instances of BCT use across intervention elements, addressing all areas of capability, opportunity and motivation. In this initial feasibility study, 1814 adolescents with and without asthma from nine schools received the theatre intervention visit; 23 adolescents with asthma from one of the schools attended the workshop visit. The intervention was found acceptable and engaging, and 91.4% of participants agreed that the workshops changed how they think or feel about asthma.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates development and initial feasibility of a complex theory-based intervention, and how it can combine engaging media and interactive elements, to achieve a multi-directional approach to behavioural change. However more work is needed to assess the feasibility of trial processes, including recruitment and delivery format of the workshops.
Subacromial impingement syndrome: a survey of Italian physiotherapists and orthopaedics on diagnostic strategies and management modalities
Authors: Brindisino Fabrizio , Ristori Diego , Lorusso Mariangela , Miele Simone , Pellicciari Leonardo , Rossettini Giacomo , Bonetti Francesca , Heick John Duane , Testa Marco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and aim
The subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) represents a common cause of disability in approximately 74% of patients with Shoulder Pain (SP). Even if contemporary research suggests that this mechanism is not (always) the dominant driver in SP, SIS is still a source of debate among scholars and clinicians. From a clinical point of view, evidence has suggested that clinicians can use both medical and physiotherapy approaches as effective methods to treat SIS.
This survey aims to investigate models of management of patients with SIS in a sample of Italian physiotherapist specialists (Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists, −OMPTs-) and orthopaedic surgeons.

Materials and methods
An online survey with 29-item questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge of OMPTs and orthopaedic surgeons about: a) strategies of clinical examination; b) the role of imaging in the diagnostic process; c) the physiotherapy management; and d) the pharmacological and surgical management in patients with SIS.

Results
Six-hundred and twenty-nine respondents completed the survey (511 OMPTs (79.97%) and 128 orthopaedic surgeons (20.03%)). Ninety-two percent (n = 470) of the OMPTs and 80.5% (n = 103) of orthopaedic surgeons stated that in patients with SIS, a combination of diagnostic tests produced better accuracy (p = < 0.001). Twenty point seven % of OMPTs (n = 106) and 4.7% of orthopaedic surgeon (n = 6) stated that the Lift off was the most specific test (p = < 0.001). Four-hundred-and-twenty-four OMPTs (83%) and 40 orthopaedic surgeons (31.3%) answered that the gold standard for diagnosis of a patient with SIS are history and clinical examination (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
OMPTs and orthopaedic surgeons approach patients with SIS differently during both the assessment and the treatment. OMPTs appear to be appropriate in planning and managing clinical examination and therapeutic strategies to use with patients with SIS.
Mutagenic, Genotoxic and Immunomodulatory effects of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine: a review to evaluate its potential to use as a prophylactic drug against COVID-19
Authors: Giri Allan , Das Ankita , Sarkar Ajoy K. , Giri Ashok K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Chloroquine (CQ) are two anti-malarial drugs that are now being extensively used by front-line healthcare workers and other common people as a prophylactic drug against the Corona Virus Disease − 19 (COVID-19) in India and as well as in many parts of the world. While only a few in vitro studies have pointed to some efficacy of these drugs as a prophylactic against COVID-19, to date, there are no clinical studies that have established any clinical efficacy of these drugs as a prophylactic. These drugs are commonly used for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) because of its immunomodulatory effects. Previously, we have evaluated the genetic toxicology of different drugs and chemicals including antimalarial drug CQ both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we recognize the need to critically review the mutagenic, genotoxic, and immunomodulatory effects of these drugs, to find out whether it is safe to use as a prophylactic drug against COVID-19. Existing literature suggests that CQ can induce mutagenic and genotoxic effects in multiple test systems and both the drugs have immunomodulatory effects. There was no data available to evaluate the mutagenicity and genotoxicity for HCQ. However, during metabolism about 60% of both the drugs remain unchanged and about 40% of the drugs are metabolized into two metabolites, desethylchloroquine and bisdesethylchloroquine by the action of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in the liver. Both HCQ and CQ are immunomodulatory drugs and have the potential to suppress normal immune system activation. In this review, we have elucidated the mechanism of immunomodulation by both HCQ and CQ and highlighted the mutagenic and genotoxic effects from the available literature. This article is written with the sole objective that the reader will be able to recognize the adverse effects of these drugs when consumed by healthy individuals as a prophylactic. Current literature indicates that healthy individuals should refrain from the use of these drugs until further investigation.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on firms: a survey in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Zou Peng , Huo Di , Li Meng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors of the world economy and society. To understand the impact of the pandemic on firms in China and suggest public policies to deal with the negative effects, we investigated firms in Guangdong Province.

Methods
The survey sample included 524 firms in 15 cities in Guangdong Province. We chose these firms from the list published by the government, considering the industrial characteristics of Guangdong province and firm size. The questionnaire was developed based on previous studies carried out by UNDP. It comprised four categories with a total of 17 questions. The executives of firms were contacted by telephone or WeChat, and were invited to answer self-administered questionnaires through an online survey platform. The data was analyzed by SPSS.

Results
The following key findings were revealed through the survey: (1) 48.7% of firms maintained stability, and 35.1% experienced a halt in operation or faced closure; (2) Nearly 70–90% already exploit online commerce or are willing to do so, and also remote office work, and digital operations. (3) 46% believe that they will certainly incur losses for 2020, and 83.5% expect the city’s GDP to decrease.

Conclusions
Firms in Guangdong Province have faced great challenges in the epidemic. Their production and operation activities have been limited, and they are facing significant risks. It is necessary to implement policies that would profoundly lower production costs for firms, help them survive this difficult period, and gradually return to normal business.
Lightning-fast and privacy-preserving outsourced computation in the cloud
Authors: Liu Ximeng , Deng Robert H. , Wu Pengfei , Yang Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a framework for lightning-fast privacy-preserving outsourced computation framework in the cloud, which we refer to as LightCom. Using LightCom, a user can securely achieve the outsource data storage and fast, secure data processing in a single cloud server different from the existing multi-server outsourced computation model. Specifically, we first present a general secure computation framework for LightCom under the cloud server equipped with multiple Trusted Processing Units (TPUs), which face the side-channel attack. Under the LightCom, we design two specified fast processing toolkits, which allow the user to achieve the commonly-used secure integer computation and secure floating-point computation against the side-channel information leakage of TPUs, respectively. Furthermore, our LightCom can also guarantee access pattern protection during the data processing and achieve private user information retrieve after the computation. We prove that the proposed LightCom can successfully achieve the goal of single cloud outsourced data processing to avoid the extra computation server and trusted computation server, and demonstrate the utility and the efficiency of LightCom using simulations.
The pulse of morphogenesis: actomyosin dynamics and regulation in epithelia
Authors: Miao Hui , Blankenship J. Todd 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Actomyosin networks are some of the most crucial force-generating components present in developing tissues. The contractile forces generated by these networks are harnessed during morphogenesis to drive various cell and tissue reshaping events. Recent studies of these processes have advanced rapidly, providing us with insights into how these networks are initiated, positioned and regulated, and how they act via individual contractile pulses and/or the formation of supracellular cables. Here, we review these studies and discuss the mechanisms that underlie the construction and turnover of such networks and structures. Furthermore, we provide an overview of how ratcheted processivity emerges from pulsed events, and how tissue-level mechanics are the coordinated output of many individual cellular behaviors.
A discrete interface in matrix stiffness creates an oscillatory pattern of endothelial monolayer disruption
Authors: VanderBurgh Jacob A. , Potharazu Archit V. , Schwager Samantha C. , Reinhart-King Cynthia A. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Intimal stiffening upregulates endothelial cell contractility, disrupting barrier integrity; however, intimal stiffening is non-uniform. The impact of local changes in intimal stiffness on proximal and distal cell–cell interactions is unknown. To investigate the range at which matrix stiffness heterogeneities impact neighboring endothelial cells within a monolayer, we built a micropillar system with adjacent regions of stiff and compliant matrix. The stiffness interface results in an oscillatory pattern of neutrophil transendothelial migration, symmetrical about the interface and well-fit by a sinusoid function. ‘Peaks’ of the sinusoid were found to have increased cellular contractility and decreased barrier function relative to ‘troughs’ of the sinusoid. Pharmacological modulation of contractility was observed to break symmetry, altering the amplitude and wavelength of the sinusoid, indicating that contractility may regulate this effect. This work illuminates a novel biophysical phenomenon of the role of stiffness-mediated cell–matrix interactions on cell–cell interactions at a distance. Additionally, it provides insight into the range at which intimal matrix stiffness heterogeneities will impact endothelial barrier function and potentially contribute to atherogenesis.
Pretreatment structural and arterial spin labeling MRI is predictive for p53 mutation in high-grade gliomas
Authors: Mao Jiaji , Deng Dabiao , Yang Zehong , Wang Wensheng , Cao Minghui , Huang Yun , Shen Jun 
Published: September 2020

Objectives:To determine the performance of pretreatment structural and arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI in predicting p53 mutation in patients with high-grade gliomas (HGGs).Methods:Pre-treatment structural and ASL MRI were performed in 57 patients with histologically confirmed HGGs and information of p53 status. Whole-lesion histogram analysis of cerebral blood flow (CBF) images of the enhancing tumour and the peritumoral oedema in the HGGs were performed. Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images features were used as qualitative analysis. The differences of ASL histogram parameters and Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images features between HGGs with or without p53 mutation were analyzed with post hoc correction for multiple comparisons. LASSO regression was performed to select the optimal features that could predict p53 mutation, followed by receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine the predictive efficacy.Results:A total of 33 HGGs with p53 mutation and 24 without p53 mutation were included. HGGs with mutant p53 showed lower CBFpercentile5and CBFuniformityof the enhancing tumour (p < 0.05) and higher prevalence of the qualitative MRI feature of enhancing tumour crossing midline (ETCM) (p < 0.05) as compared with HGGs with wild-type p53. LASSO regression showed that the CBFuniformityof the enhancing tumour and ETCM were predictive features for p53 mutation. CBFuniformityshowed an acceptable performance in predicting p53 mutation (area under the curve = 0.721), when combined with the feature of ETCM, its predictive efficacy was significantly improved (area under the curve = 0.814, p = 0.012).Conclusion:An integrated pre-treatment structural and ASL MRI can help to predict p53 mutation in HGGs.
Thermal lensing effects and nonlinear refractive indices of fluoride crystals induced by high-power ultrafast lasers
Authors: Andrus Liam , Ben-Yakar Adela 
Published: September 2020

Thermo-optical and nonlinear property characterization of refractive
optical components is essential for endoscopic instrumentation that
utilizes high-power, high-repetition-rate ultrafast lasers. For
example, ytterbium-doped fiber lasers are well suited for ultrafast
laser microsurgery applications; however, the thermo-optical responses
of many common lens substrates are not well understood at 1035 nm
wavelength. Using a

z

-scan technique, we first measured the
nonlinear refractive indices of

C
a
F

2

,

M
g
F

2

, and

B
a
F

2

at 1035 nm and found values that
match well with those from the literature at 1064 nm. To elucidate
effects of thermal lensing, we performed

z

-scans at multiple laser repetition
rates and multiple average powers. The results showed negligible
thermal effects up to an average power of 1 W and at 10 W
material-specific thermal lensing significantly altered

z

-scan measurements. Using a 2D
temperature model, we could determine the source of the observed
thermal lensing effects. Linear absorption was determined as the main
source of heating in these crystals. On the other hand, inclusion of
nonlinear absorption as an additional heat source in the simulations
showed that thermal lensing in borosilicate glass was strongly
influenced by nonlinear absorption. This method can potentially
provide a sensitive method to measure small nonlinear absorption
coefficients of transparent optical materials. These results can guide
design of miniaturized optical systems for ultrafast laser surgery and
deep-tissue imaging probes.
Few-layer GaSe nanosheet-based broadband saturable absorber for passively Q-switched solid-state bulk lasers
Authors: Shi Bingnan , He Guanbai , Yang Kejian , Zhang Baitao , He Jingliang 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, few-layer two-dimensional (2D) GaSe nanosheets were fabricated and utilized as broadband saturable absorbers (SAs) for passively

Q

-switched (PQS) solid-state bulk lasers operating at 1.06 and 1.99 µm. For 1.06 µm laser operation, the maximum average output power, the shortest pulse width, and the largest single pulse energy were determined to be 438 mW, 285 ns, and 2.31 µJ, respectively, while for 1.99 µm PQS laser operation, they were 937 mW, 383 ns, and 9.56 µJ. Our results identified the great potential applications of few-layer 2D GaSe nanosheets for practical optical modulators such as SAs for pulsed laser generation.
Intensity-noise suppression in 1950-nm single-frequency fiber laser by bidirectional amplifier configuration
Authors: Guan Xianchao , Yang Changsheng , Lin Wei , Zhao Qilai , Tan Tianyi , Gu Quan , Zhou Kaijun , Wei Xiaoming , Yang Zhongmin , Xu Shanhui 
Published: September 2020

In this Letter, a bidirectional amplifier configuration suppressing the relative intensity noise in a 1950-nm linearly polarized single-frequency fiber laser (SFFL) is proposed. The scheme to amplify the signal in a nonlinear saturated amplification regime with low gain distribution for suppressing the RIN is theoretically analyzed. By optimizing the input power level and reflectivity of the bidirectional power-amplifier, the RIN is decreased maximally by

>

24

d
B

within the frequency range of 200 kHz. A stable output power of over 5.16 W with a polarization extinction ratio of 21.2 dB is obtained. Additionally, the amplified signal maintains a linewidth of 7.1 kHz nearly identical with that of the seed, both with a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 60 dB. This all-optical technique on noise suppression applied to the fiber amplifier paves the way to realize low-noise SFFL with power improvement.
On-chip optical parametric oscillation into the visible: generating red, orange, yellow, and green from a near-infrared pump
Authors: Lu Xiyuan , Moille Gregory , Rao Ashutosh , Westly Daron A. , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: September 2020

The on-chip generation of coherent, single-frequency laser light that
can be tuned across the visible spectrum would help enable a variety
of applications in spectroscopy, metrology, and quantum science.
Recently, third-order optical parametric oscillation (OPO) in a
microresonator has shown great promise as an efficient and scalable
approach toward this end. However, considering visible light
generation, so far only red light at

<

420

T
H
z

(near the edge of the visible band)
has been reported. In this work, we overcome strong material
dispersion at visible wavelengths and demonstrate on-chip OPO in a

S
i

3

N

4

microresonator covering

>

130

T
H
z

of the visible spectrum, including
red, orange, yellow, and green wavelengths. In particular, using an
input pump laser that is scanned 5 THz in the near-infrared from
386 THz to 391 THz, the OPO output signal is tuned from the
near-infrared at 395 THz to the visible at 528 THz, while the OPO
output idler is tuned from the near-infrared at 378 THz to the
infrared at 254 THz. The widest signal-idler separation of 274 THz is
more than an octave in span and is the widest demonstrated for a
nanophotonic OPO to date. More generally, our work shows how nonlinear
nanophotonics can transform light from readily accessible compact
near-infrared lasers to targeted visible wavelengths of interest.
Does Tabletop Exercise Enhance Knowledge and Attitude in Preparing Disaster Drills?
Authors: Husna Cut , Kamil Hajjul , Yahya Mustanir , Tahlil Teuku , Darmawati Darmawati 
Published: September 2020

Background: Tabletop Exercise (TTE) is a specific learning method through a simulation designed to test the competency and the ability of a group to respond to disasters. Using the map of disaster events is considered effective to prepare disaster drills rather than other methods. TTE method has been carried out annually to train the students, however no studies reported the effect of this method.Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of TTE on enhancing nursing students’ knowledge and attitude in a disaster drill. Methods: This study was conducted with one-group pre and post-test of a quasi-experimental design. The total samplings were 80 nursing students of the fourth year who undertook the disaster nursing course. The intervention of the study was started using the scenario of an earthquake disaster simulation using TTE media divided into four groups. The instruments consisted of two questionnaires: Students’ Knowledge on Tabletop Exercise (SKTE), and Students' Attitude on Tabletop Exercise (SATE) which were tested for their validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using a dependent paired t-test. Results: The study showed that TTE had a positive effect in enhancing the knowledge (p=0.001) and the attitude of nursing students in disaster drills (p=0.001) (df=79). Conclusion: TTE intervention was an effective direct learning method to improve students’ competencies in disaster response. TTE might be considered as a learning method in improving students' competencies in preparing disaster drills.
Convex solutions of Monge-Ampère equations and systems: Existence, uniqueness and asymptotic behavior
Authors: Feng Meiqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the equations and systems of Monge-Ampère with parameters are considered. We first show the uniqueness of of nontrivial radial convex solution of Monge-Ampère equations by using sharp estimates. Then we analyze the existence and nonexistence of nontrivial radial convex solutions to Monge-Ampère systems, which includes some new ingredients in the arguments. Furthermore, the asymptotic behavior of nontrivial radial convex solutions for Monge-Ampère systems is also considered. Finally, as an application, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of nontrivial radial convex solutions of the power-type system of Monge-Ampère equations.