bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes und depressive Störungen
Authors: Kampling Hanna , Kruse Johannes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDepressive disorders are highly prevalent in patients with diabetes. While depressive disorders themselves require therapy, they also contribute negatively to diabetes-related medical, social and psychological outcomes, and therefore need to be addressed. Disease burden is very high for both diabetes and depression, even more so in case of comorbidity. Comorbid depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes are associated with a reduced quality of life and adherence to treatment regimes, impaired coping abilities, as well as increased morbidity and mortality rates, diabetes-related distress, and economic burden.The interactions between diabetes and depression are bidirectional. Both diseases appear to have a variety of shared bio-psychosocial, as well as biological risk factors. Recent research implies that the interaction between diabetes and depression cannot be understood as a simple cause-effect relationship but might rather be explained by being part of a disturbed homeostasis of biological and psychological circuits.Regular depression screenings should be applied to identify depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes. To verify positive screening results, treating physicians have a key role in targeting depression by actively asking patients for depressive symptoms within the last 14 days. If symptoms are present, further diagnostics, and the exploration of psychosocial problems are necessary. In case of a depressive disorder, varieties of effective antidepressant treatments (psychotherapy, psychopharmacological medications) are available. Physical activation and diabetes education programs can be offered additionally. The current paper offers insights on epidemiology, symptoms, interactions, diagnostics, treatments as well as the relationship between physician and patient.
Design and Synthesis of Novel
1-substituted-3-(3-(3-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrobenzopyrimidin-2-yl amino)
Isothioureas for their Anti-HIV, Antibacterial Activities, Graph Theoretical
Analysis, Insilico Modeling, Prediction of Toxicity and Metabolic
Studies
Authors: Narendhar Bandi , Alagarsamy Veerachamy , Krishnan Chitra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the present study, we have placed the substituted thiosemicarbazide moiety at
the C-2 position and 3-nitrophenyl group at N-3 position of benzopyrimidines and
studied their antitubercular, anti-HIV and antibacterial activities against
selected gram positive and negative bacteria. The target compounds
1-substituted-3-(3-(3-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrobenzopyrimidin-2-ylamino)
isothioureas (PTS1 – PTS15 ) were obtained by the reaction of
2-hydrazino-3-(3-nitrophenyl) benzopyrimidin-4(3 H)-one
(5) with different alkyl/aryl isothiocyanates followed by
methylation with dimethyl sulphate. All synthesized compounds were screened for
their antitubercular, anti-HIV and antibacterial activity against selective gram
positive and gram negative bacteria by agar dilution method. Among the series,
compound
2-methyl-3-(3-(3-nitrophenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrobenzopyrimidin-2-ylamino)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)isothiourea
(PTS14) shown most potent activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus;
PTS14 exhibited the antitubercular activity at the minimum microgram of
1.56 µg/mL and anti-HIV activity at
0.96 µg/mL against HIV1 and HIV2 and offers potential
for further optimization and development to new antitubercular and anti-HIV
agents. The results obtained from this study confirm that the synthesized and
biologically evaluated benzopyrimidines showed promising antimicrobial,
antitubercular and anti-HIV activities and are new scaffolds for antimicrobial
activity.
Der Auftragsverarbeitungsvertrag (AV-Vertrag): Relevanz und praktische Bedeutung für die Diabetologie
Authors: Frielitz Fabian Simon , Schlüter Sandra , Heinemann Lutz , Freckmann Guido , von Sengbusch Simone 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Seit dem Inkrafttreten der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) ist bei der praktischen Nutzung von Diabetessoftware im ambulanten und stationären Bereich die Frage nach einem Abschluss eines „Auftragsverarbeitungsvertrags“ (AV-Vertrag) maßgeblich geworden.
Material Viele der aktuellen Diabetestechnologien (insbesondere CGM-Systeme, Insulinpumpen, Blutzuckermesssysteme) erlauben die Speicherung (lokal oder cloudbasiert) der generierten Daten in der jeweiligen herstellereigenen Softwarelösung. Aus einem datenschutzrechtlichen, aber auch aus einem versorgungsrelevanten Blickwinkel ergibt sich eine Reihe von Fragen und Aspekten, die es zu klären gilt.
Ergebnisse Grundsätzlich sind Patienten frei in der Wahl der Software, um ihre Diabetesdaten auszulesen und ein Daten-PDF zu erzeugen. Für die Ersteinstellung und Langzeitbetreuung benötigen die Ärzte in Kliniken oder Praxen die erhobenen Daten, um die Therapieeinstellung zu kontrollieren. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch durch die behandelnden Ärzte in Gesundheitseinrichtungen oftmals Diabetesprogramme eingesetzt, die einen Datenzugriff auf die in der Software des Patienten gespeicherten Daten ermöglichen. Mit der Arztsoftware ist es möglich, auf die Patientendaten stetig zuzugreifen. Durch diese Form findet ein Auslesen, Anpassen, Speichern oder Ändern der therapierelevanten Daten statt und begründet eine Datenverarbeitung im Sinne von Art. 4 DSGVO, die den Abschluss eines AV-Vertrags vorsieht.
Schlussfolgerung Fachabteilungen in Kliniken und Praxen sollten sich neben den Diabetessoftwarelösungen auch mit der Thematik von AV-Verträgen auseinandersetzen, um beim Einsatz von Software stets für ihre Patienten Rechtssicherheit gewährleisten zu können. Eine juristische Vorprüfung der komplexen Verträge durch die großen Diabetesfachorganisationen wäre wünschenswert.
Current State of Surgical Lighting
Authors: Curlin Jahnavi , Herman Charles K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSurgical performance in the operating room (OR) is supported by effective illumination, which mitigates the inherent environmental, operational, and visual challenges associated with surgery. Three critical components are essential to optimize operating light as illumination: (1) centering on the surgeon's immediate field, (2) illuminating a wide or narrow field with high-intensity light, and (3) penetrating into a cavity or under a flap. Furthermore, optimal surgical illumination reduces shadow, glare, and artifact in visualization of the surgical site. However, achieving these principles is more complex than at first glance, requiring a detailed examination of the variables that comprise surgical illumination. In brief, efficacious surgical illumination combines sufficient ambient light with the ability to apply focused light at specific operative stages and angles. But, brighter is not always merely better; rather, a nuanced approach, cognizant of the challenges inherent in the OR theater, can provide for a thoughtful exploration of how surgical illumination can be utilized to the best of its ability, ensuring a safe and smooth surgery for all.
Interaction Between NOS3 and HMOX1 on Antihypertensive Drug Responsiveness in Preeclampsia
Authors: Sandrim Valeria Cristina , Luizon Marcelo Rizzatti , Pilan Eliane , Caldeira-Dias Mayara , Coeli-Lacchini Fernanda Borchers , Kors Georgia , Berndt Iuly , Lacchini Riccardo , Cavalli Ricardo Carvalho 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective We examined the interaction of polymorphisms in the genes heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) in patients with preeclampsia (PE) as well as the responsiveness to methyldopa and to total antihypertensive therapy.
Methods The genes HMOX1 (rs2071746, A/T) and NOS3 (rs1799983, G/T) were genotyped using TaqMan allele discrimination assays (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA ), and the levels of enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results We found interactions between genotypes of the HMOX-1 and NOS3 genes and responsiveness to methyldopa and that PE genotyped as AT presents lower levels of protein HO-1 compared with AA.
Conclusion We found interactions between the HMOX-1 and NOS3 genes and responsiveness to methyldopa and that the HMOX1 polymorphism affects the levels of enzyme HO-1 in responsiveness to methyldopa and to total antihypertensive therapy. These data suggest impact of the combination of these two polymorphisms on antihypertensive responsiveness in PE.
Preoperative Fasting Abbreviation and its Effects on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Incidence in Gynecological Surgery Patients
Authors: Marquini Gisele Vissoci , Pinheiro Francisco Edes da Silva , Vieira Alfredo Urbano da Costa , Pinto Rogério Melo da Costa , Uyeda Maria Gabriela Baumgarten Kuster , Girão Manoel João Batista Castello , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative fasting abbreviation with a carbohydrate and protein-enriched solution, on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) incidence in gynecological surgery patients, a population naturally at risk for such unpleasant episodes.
Methods The present prospective double-blind randomized study was performed at The Hospital Municipal e Maternidade Dr. Odelmo Leão Carneiro (HMMOLC, in the Portuguese acronym), in Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in partnership with the Gynecology Department of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of UNIFESP and the board of HMMOLC, and included in the Brazil Platform and in the Brazilian Clinical Trial Registry. After signing the consent form, 80 women, who were submitted to gynecological surgery in the period from January to June 2016, were randomized into 2 groups: control group (n = 42) and juice group (n = 38). They received, respectively, 200 mL of inert solution or liquid enriched with carbohydrate and protein 4 hours presurgery. The incidence, frequency and intensity of PONV were studied using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), with statistical analysis performed by the software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA).
Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting was lower than in the literature, to this population, with 18.9% (14/74) for the control group and 10.8% (8/74) for the juice group, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups.
Conclusion The incidence of nausea and vomiting was lower than in the literature, but it cannot be said that this is due to the abbreviation of fasting. It can provide greater comfort, with the possibility of PONV prevention in patients at risk for these episodes.
Neuroglobin and Prolactin As Potential Biomarkers for Differentiating Epileptic versus Nonepileptic Paroxysmal Disorders in Children
Authors: Mahgoob Mohammed Hashem , Moussa Mahmoud Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAt least 20% of patients referred to pediatric epilepsy centers with the suspicion of epileptic seizures actually have other conditions. Neuroglobin is a new globin member which is highly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems. In this article, we aimed to evaluate usefulness of neuroglobin to differentiate between epilepsy and other conditions that mimic epilepsy. Our study was conducted on 90 children divided into three groups: 30 patients with epileptic seizures, 35 children with nonepileptic paroxysmal disorder, and 25 apparently healthy, age and sex-matched children as a normal control. Complete blood count, blood chemistries including random blood glucose, calcium, sodium, in addition to serum prolactin, and neuroglobin were performed for all children. This study showed a significant increase of both serum neuroglobin and prolactin levels in epileptic group compared with nonepileptic paroxysmal disorder and control groups (p < 0.01). Serum neuroglobin showed 95% sensitivity and 95.7% specificity in the diagnosis of generalized seizures. Serum neuroglobin may be a promising novel marker to differentiate epileptic versus nonepileptic disorders in children in the emergency setting, when history and clinical presentation are equivocal.
Practical Recommendations for the Management of Benign Adnexal Masses
Authors: Rocha Rodrigo Manieri , Barcelos Ionara Diniz Evangelista Santos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective To perform a comprehensive review to provide practical recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of benign adnexal masses, as well as information for appropriate consent, regarding possible loss of the ovarian reserve.
Methods A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify the most relevant data about this subject.
Results In total, 48 studies addressed the necessary aspects of the review, and we described their epidemiology, diagnoses, treatment options with detailed techniques, and perspectives regarding future fertility.
Conclusions Adnexal masses are extremely common. The application of diagnosis algorithms is mandatory to exclude malignancy. A great number of cases can be managed with surveillance. Surgery, when necessary, should be performed with adequate techniques. However, even in the hands of experienced surgeons, there is a significant decrease in ovarian reserves, especially in cases of endometriomas. There is an evident necessity of studies that focus on the long-term impact on fertility.
Prepositions with CP and their implications for extended projections
Authors: Svenonius Peter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn some limited cases, English allows a particular preposition to combine with a certain kind of subordinate clause, as exemplified byin thatin “I take the proposal seriously, in that I loathe it”. In contrast, Norwegian systematically allows prepositions to combine with subordinate clauses (as inDet resulterte i at vi vant, literally “It resulted in that we won”). I argue that the English case should be handled as the subcategorization for a certain complement class by a particular lexical entry, while the Norwegian case indicates that the extended projection of clauses can continue up to the preposition. This highlights an important difference between lexical selection and extended projection, revealing a hitherto underappreciated source of parametric variation, and sheds light on several properties of extended projections as well as of prepositions. Specifically, the extended projections of N and V may “converge” at P, challenging the notion of extended projection as being confined to a single lexical category.
Locative Ps as general relators
Authors: Franco Ludovico , Manzini M. Rita , Savoia Leonardo M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBased mostly on the Romance languages, we provide evidence for the conclusion that oblique adpositions involved in the encoding of location and direction do not contribute a specific, fixed spatial meaning. On the contrary, they are general relators, relating a complement to an event by establishing an inclusion relation between them. Locatives are specializations of the basic relational inclusion content. State-in, motion-to and motion-from interpretations depend on the interaction of these simple relators with the structure of the event. Specifically, the relator may attach at the level of the Result phrase (goal, motion-to) or at the level of the Cause layer (source, motion-from). Furthermore, the Romance languages provide evidence for differential encoding of non-animatevs. animate location, which we refer to as locative DOM, presenting and discussing various instances of it.
Partially disordered nano-porous metallic oxide engineering: surface morphology controllability and multiple scattering properties
Authors: Yang Zhuo , Li Wenshuang , Kuang Dengfeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Random multiple light scattering in disordered photonics leads to interesting and unexpected physical phenomena. Here, we demonstrate two types of partially disordered nano-porous metallic oxide materials: disordered grating nano-pores and two-dimensional disordered nano-tubes, which are produced just with one-step anodic oxidation. The relations among the processing parameters, morphology properties and multiple scattering characteristics are investigated. The surface morphology controllability can be achieved by simply changing the processing direct voltages, leading to different scattering properties. The probabilistic model of partially disordered nano-porous metallic oxide is constructed according to the nano-structure characteristics of oxide, and the rigorous coupled wave analysis is utilized for optical field simulation to exhibit the theoretical multiple scattering properties. Futhermore, the experimental scattering fields are measured and are analysed by statistical method. The research focuses on the disorder caused by one-step oxidation, which is distinct from previous studies that introducing disorder into periodic materials, and would open up new prospects for sensing, bionics and structural color.
South African science students’ perceptions of physics as a fundamental discipline
Authors: Ramaila S. , Reddy L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Meaningful development of scientific literacy is underpinned by coherent acquisition of scientific skills. The development of physics knowledge in particular hinges to a large degree on cognitive and affective factors. In light of this key imperative, students’ perceptions of physics as a fundamental discipline were established through the administration of Physics Anxiety Questionnaire with first year science students at a South African university. The questionnaire provided a meaningful platform to identify students’ perceptions in relation to various aspects such as physics experimental work, mathematical knowledge required to navigate physics studies, physics problem-solving, application of physics general knowledge in daily life as well as the concomitant integrated assessment of physics skills and knowledge in various instructional settings. Key findings of the study strongly suggest that the acquisition of physics skills is crucially dependent on a conflation of cognitive and affective factors forming an integral part of the learning process. Theoretical implications for meaningful development of scientific literacy are discussed.
Lessons from rural medical training for physics education in Botswana
Authors: Diener J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite being classified as an upper middle-income nation by the World Bank, Botswana’s economy is undiversified and heavily reliant on resources and commodities. Efforts are underway to drive the economy towards a knowledge- and technology-based one. In support of these efforts the Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) was recently established. It is foreseen that a future part of the BIUST undergraduate physics curriculum would be an internship placement for final year students. This article aims to provide a framework for the design of such an internship, based on the established practices of the final year internship of (rural) medical students in South Africa.
An evaluation of student’s understanding of DC circuit concepts through students’ written explanations
Authors: Khwanda M N , Kriek J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One of the topics that is regarded as challenging to learn for conceptual understanding by students from secondary to tertiary levels is simple electric circuits. The topic is said to be challenging to learn for qualitative understanding due to the presence of misconceptions brought by or derived from every day prior experiences about the topic. In literature, the word “misconception” is mostly interchanged with alternative conceptions, naïve conceptions etc. The results of various studies from different countries showed that students have the same pattern of learning difficulties in understanding electric circuits and ultimately pass their grade with vague or inconsistent understanding of the topic. The use of multiple-choice concepts tests is common in probing students’ understanding of physics concepts but less has been done in probing students’ understanding of the concepts by using students’ responses to explanation-type questions. However, the study that dealt with the analysis of explanation-type question to physics grade 12 examination scripts concluded that the analysis of the explanations written by students in exams “does offer researchers and teachers a reliable and efficient way by which written student explanations can be probed for conceptions”. Departing from the norm of using multiple-choice concept tests to probe students’ understanding of some concepts in DC circuits the current study used the scientific explanations to achieve the following two aims: (a) To explore pre-service students’ understanding basic DC concepts through their responses to written explanations. (b) The impact of using the explanation-type questions on diagnosing students’ misconceptions of DC circuits prior to formal instruction
What are experimental skills? A study with in-service teachers
Authors: Khaparde R , Shaker A M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Developing and fostering ‘experimental skills’ is one of the goals of Physics laboratory courses. In a pilot study reported here, the authors investigated what do teachers and laboratory instructors understand by the term ‘experimental skills’. Do they associate only psycho-motor skills or they include analytical, mathematical, cognitive and other skills under the title ‘experimental skills’. The authors report the results of a study with 39 teachers from across India, who were directly involved in teaching laboratory courses at various schools and colleges for at least 8 years. Teachers were asked to describe what are ‘experimental skills’ required in experimental physics and to identify and make an exhaustive list of experimental skills which they would like their students to develop through laboratory courses from grade 8 till undergraduate level. The responses were analysed and categorised. The results indicate that teachers were not able to separate psycho-motor, cognitive and affective abilities and skills. This is essential because the tasks, methods, contents and learning processes involved in the effective development of these skills and abilities are different and should be appropriately emphasized during the designing of a laboratory course and strategy for instruction and assessment.
Programming as a semiotic system to support physics students’ construction of meaning: A pilot study
Authors: Svensson K , Eriksson U , Pendrill A , Ouattara L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Programming as a tool to be used for analyzing and exploring physics in an educational setting offers an unprecedented opportunity for the students to create and explore their own semiotic resources. Students may use programming to create and explore different models of physical systems. In this study a small group of upper secondary education students participated in a workshop where they learned to program physics simulations and to create their own models to implement using the programming language Python. Results from the study shows that upper secondary education students are able to create their own models of physical systems and implement them into code. The implemented models were models of hanging cloth and heat diffusion. Results were obtained by analyzing video and audio recordings of the students through the lens of social semiotics.