bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone Cement Cranioplasty Reduces Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Rate after Microvascular Decompression: A Single-Institutional Experience
Authors: Wolfson Daniel I. , Magarik Jordan A. , Godil Saniya S. , Shah Hamid M. , Neimat Joseph S. , Konrad Peter E. , Englot Dario J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a common surgical treatment for cranial nerve compression, though cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a known complication of this procedure. Bone cement cranioplasty may reduce rates of CSF leak.
Objective To compare rates of CSF leak before and after implementation of bone cement cranioplasty for the reconstruction of cranial defects after MVD.
Methods Retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent MVD through retrosigmoid craniectomy for cranial nerve compression at a single institution from 1998 to 2017. Study variables included patient demographics, medical history, type of closure, and postoperative complications such as CSF leak, meningitis, lumbar drain placement, and ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion. Cement and noncement closure groups were compared, and predictors of CSF leak were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Results A total of 547 patients treated by 10 neurosurgeons were followed up for more than 20 years, of whom 288 (52.7%) received cement cranioplasty and 259 (47.3%) did not. Baseline comorbidities were not significantly different between groups. CSF leak rate was significantly lower in the cement group than in the noncement group (4.5 vs. 14.3%; p < 0.001). This was associated with significantly fewer patients developing postoperative meningitis (0.7 vs. 5.2%; p = 0.003). Multiple logistic regression model demonstrated noncement closure as the only independent predictor of CSF leak (odds ratio: 3.55; 95% CI: 1.78–7.06; p < 0.001).
Conclusion CSF leak is a well-known complication after MVD. Bone cement cranioplasty significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative CSF leak and other complications. Modifiable risk factors such as body mass index were not associated with the development of CSF leak.
Evaluation of Toxicity and Antioxidant Property of Cassia fistula Stem Bark Extracts in Zebrafish
Authors: Udaya Shreya , Babu Nishith , Nanjappa Dechamma Pandyanda , Kalladka Krithika , Chakraborty Gunimala , Chakraborty Anirban 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective This study was aimed at evaluating the toxicity and the antioxidant property of Cassia fistula stem bark extracts in zebrafish.
Materials and Methods Crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. fistula stem bark were obtained following a standard solvent-based extraction method. The toxicity of these extracts on zebrafish embryonic development was determined and the LC50 values were calculated. Finally, the antioxidant property of C. fistula stem bark extracts was determined in arsenic-induced oxidative stress models of zebrafish.
Results The aqueous extract of C. fistula stem bark showed a slightly larger LC50 value (213.6 ppm) compared with the ethanol extract (LC50 = 63.5 ppm), suggesting a lower toxicity of the aqueous extract. A significant reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal was observed in arsenic-exposed embryos treated with the aqueous extract, but not the ethanol extract, indicating that the antioxidant activity is present only in the aqueous extract of C. fistula stem bark.
Conclusion Identification of antioxidants from natural sources is desirable because of increasing safety concerns associated with synthetic antioxidants. This study demonstrated that aqueous extract from C. fistula stem bark possesses antioxidant properties, which can be further characterized for mechanism of action and potential applications.
Women in COVID Pandemic: Beyond Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Chaudhary Anurag 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is affecting both sexes differently in terms of morbidity and mortality. Data from all over the world highlights males as most vulnerable, but the physical, mental and social suffering of women during this pandemic is getting little mention in the literature. Problems like domestic violence are on the rise, especially during the lockdown. The sexual and reproductive health needs of the women need priority from health services in spite of being burdened during this pandemic. Globally, women make 70% of healthcare providers; therefore, they are at risk of getting exposed to infection both at healthcare facilities and home. While working from home, women are doing more unpaid work. They are involved in childcare, household work in addition to professional work. Women working in the unorganized sector are more likely to lose their jobs and enter a financial crisis. There is a need to address these problems at national and local levels.
Assessment of the potential impact of embedded radioactive fragments following the use of a crude radiological dispersal device (‘dirty bomb’)
Authors: Jones Laurence , Moor Donna , Peacock Thomas , Melley Thomas , Foster Crawford , Bland Steven , Gibb Iain , Napier Ian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work was undertaken to understand what would happen if a high-activity radioactive fragment became embedded in an individual following the use of a crude radiological dispersal device (‘dirty bomb’). Two areas were addressed: how would a high-activity fragment be viewed on modern digital x-ray imaging systems; and, what would be the impact on medical management for the patient? A set of experimental trials were undertaken using an iridium-192 source and a DRagon mobile x-ray set equipped with a Canon CXDI-50G portable flat panel digital detector plate. In addition, the potential doses to a surgical team were calculated and potential doses to a patient were assessed using a Monte Carlo code, in which a radioactive point source of nil volume was located within a limb of an anthropomorphic voxel phantom. Three distinct effects on the digital imaging systems were observed, referred to in this paper as a localised ‘bloom’ effect, a ‘discontinuity’ effect towards the middle of the image and ‘fogging’ across the entire image. The first two of these effects were unexpected, and possible reasons for their appearance are discussed. The Monte Carlo modelling showed that the patient exposure can potentially lead to very high localised absorbed doses, which may result in symptoms associated with acute radiation syndrome. While the dose clearly depends upon the activity of the fragment and the length of time that the fragment is present inside the patient, it is clear that radiation necrosis of bone, muscle and other tissues may threaten the medium term viability of the limb. The dose rates associated with high-activity fragments may also restrict the time a surgeon has to operate, leading to challenging ethical and surgical decisions. Low-activity fragments allow for conventional surgical management to be considered with appropriate control measures.
Data preprocessing methods for electrical impedance tomography: a review
Authors: Wang Zeying , Yue Shihong , Wang Huaxiang , Wang Yanqiu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a promising measurement technique in applications, especially in industrial monitoring and clinical diagnosis. However, two major drawbacks exist that limit the spatial resolution of reconstructed EIT images, i.e. the ‘soft field’ effect and the ill-posed problem. In recent years, apart from the development of reconstruction algorithms, some preprocessing methods for measured data or sensitivity maps have also been proposed to reduce these negative effects. It is necessary to find the optimal preprocessing method for various EIT reconstruction algorithms. Approach: In this paper, seven typical data preprocessing methods for EIT are reviewed. The image qualities obtained using these methods are evaluated and compared in simulations, and their applicable ranges and combination effects are summarized. Main results: The results show that all the reviewed methods can enhance the quality of EIT reconstructed images to different extents, and there is an optimal one under any given reconstruction algorithm. In addition, most of the reviewed methods do not work well when using the Tikhonov regularization algorithm. Significance: This paper introduces the preprocessing method to EIT, and the quality of reconstructed images obtained using these methods is evaluated through simulations. The results can provide a reference for practical applications.
Hyers -Ulam stability of quadratic functional equation
Authors: Govindan Vediyappan , Pinelas Sandra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the authors proved the generalized U-H stability of quadratic functional equation of the form

f
(
x
+
y
+
3
z
)
−
f
(
x
−
y
+
3
z
)
−
f
(
x
+
y
−
3
z
)
−
f
(
−
x
+
y
+
3
z
)
=
f
(
x
+
y
)
+
6
f
(
y
+
z
)

+
6
f
(
x
+
z
)
−
9
f
(
x
)
−
9
f
(
y
)
−
30
f
(
z
)

in Banach space using direct method.
Some aspects on cubic fuzzy β-subalgebra of β-algebra
Authors: Muralikrishna P , Vinodkumar R , Palani G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The theory of fuzzy set was introduced by Zadeh and he has shown meaningful applications of this notion in many fields of Engineering and Mathematical studies. Later Atanosov extended the fuzzy set into Intuitionistic fuzzy set by introducing a non-member. Recently the idea of cubic sets and related properties are investigated by Jun et al. All these fuzzy concepts were applied in various algebraic structures. Neggers and Kim presented the thought of β-algebras in which two operations are coupled in such a way that as to reflect the natural coupling which exists between the usual group operation. This study is to propose a new approach on a β-algebra using Cubic fuzzy set.
Computation of eccentricity associated topological descriptors through Python for comb tree
Authors: Manimekalai S , Mary U 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Topological manifestation of a graph G is a numerical value which reveals it’s topological properties. The eccentricity of one node u ∈ V (G)(that is eG(u)), is the greatest distance between u and also any other vertex of G. The degree of a In this paper, we are using Python program to compute eccentricity related Topological indices for Comb tree with any number of vertices, relation between descriptors and the bounds for indices also.
On neighborhood distinguishing colorings of graphs
Authors: Ramar R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper aims at analyzing vertices of proper coloring and several kinds of vertex colorings. The coloring vertices include chief types such as recognizable colorings [1], detectable colorings [2] and, irregular colorings [3]. These colorings are distinctive in some way or other. Regarding irregular colorings, there is a slight deviation which is deemed as Neighborhood distinguishing colorings. This particular coloring has the distinguishing element in that the vertex does not relate to the color assigned to it. The irregular coloring is commonly identified in any sort of graph. This is not the case with the Neighborhood Distinguishing Coloring, since it can be identified in a graph under the condition that if and only if any two non-adjacent vertices do not have the same neighbor. The basic definition and the properties related to this Neighborhood Distinguishing Coloring are illustrated in [5]. Further, this paper attempts to determine the NDC-number of sum of the graphs, Corona of a graph and neighborhood irregular graphs.
Third Hankel determinant for the bounded turning functions subordinate to k-Fibonacci sequence
Authors: Sumalatha P , Sharma R B , Hari Priya M 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this present investigation, we estimate the third Hankel determinant for the bounded turning functions subordinate tok-Fibonacci sequence. In the present work we state andprove a lemma which is useful in proving further results. The results of the present workgeneralize and unifies the work done by the earlier researchers in this direction.
Hypo-edge-Hamiltonian laceability in Graphs
Authors: shekhar neelannavar Shashidhar , Girisha A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A simple connected graph is known to be Hamiltonian-t-laceable if there will be a Hamiltonian path between each pair of distinct vertices at a distance ‘t’ in G where t ∈ Z
+ such that 1 ≤ t ≤ diam(G). In this paper we define M-flower snark graph and discuss the hypo edge Hamiltonian laceability properties in M-flower snark graphs and Cartesian product graphs.
Fully developed mixed convection in vertical double passage porous annuli
Authors: Girish N , Sankar M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present analysis, fully developed mixed convection in the vertical double-passage annuli filled with porous media is investigated both analytically and numerically by imposing asymmetric thermal conditions. Three vertical concentric cylinders are used to form double passage annuli of which thin and conductive middle cylinder is considered know as baffle. Using finite difference technique, the governing equations are solved numerically by considering viscous dissipation, whereas the closed form solution are obtained by neglecting viscous dissipation. Numerical solution matches with that of closed form solution in the absence of viscous dissipation. The results reveal that modified Grashof number, Brinkmann number, Darcy number, position of baffle has profound impacts on velocity profiles, temperature profiles and on heat transfer rate.
New oscillation criteria for discrete fractional order forced nonlinear equations
Authors: George Maria Selvam A , Janagaraj R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this present work, new oscillation theorems for discrete forced nonlinear equations with fractional order of the form

Δ
[
γ
(
ℓ
)
ϕ
(
u
(
ℓ
)
)

Δ
μ

(
u
(
ℓ
)
)
]
+
q
(
ℓ
)
F
[
G
(
ℓ
)
]
=
η
(
ℓ
)
,
ℓ
≥

ℓ
0

>
0

is discussed. In the above equation μ(0 < μ ≤ 1) is the fractional order,

G
(
ℓ
)
=

∑

j
=

ℓ
0

ℓ
−
1
+
μ

(
ℓ
−
j
−
1
)

(
−
μ
)

u
(
j
)

and Δ
μ
is defined as the difference operator of the Riemann Liouville (RL) derivative. Based on the properties of RL derivative, inequalities and generalized Riccati type techniques, some new sufficient conditions that are essential for the oscillation of solutions of forced fractional order discrete nonlinear equations are established.
SM antideuteron background to indirect dark matter signals in galactic cosmic rays
Authors: Gomez Coral D.M. , Menchaca-Rocha Arturo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Antideuteron production cross-sections estimated using EPOS-LHC with a coalescence afterburner, tuned to reproduce published experimental data over a wide range of energy were used here as input to the galactic propagator code GALPROP, validated with comparing to existing proton, helium fluxes as well as boron-to-carbon ratio data. The resulting near-Earth antideuteron flux, including solar modulation, is compared to previous estimates. An overall factor of two increment in the antideuteron flux is predicted, the origin of which is also discussed. However, this standard model source of antideuteron background still lies well below the AMS-02, and the expected GAPS, sensitivities, as well as the fluxes predicted by several dark matter models.
Real-Time Event Reconstruction and Analysis in CBM and STAR Experiments
Authors: Kisel Ivan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Within the FAIR Phase 0 program, the algorithms of the FLES (First-Level Event Selection) package developed for the CBM experiment (FAIR/GSI, Germany) are adapted for the STAR experiment (BNL, USA). Use of the same algorithms creates a bridge between online and offline, which makes it possible to combine online and offline resources for data processing. In this way, an express data production chain was created on the basis of the STAR HLT farm, that extends the functionality of HLT in real time up to the analysis of physics. It is important, that the express analysis chain does not interfere with the standard analysis chain. A particular advantage of express analysis is that it allows calibration, production and analysis of the data to begin immediately after they are collected. Therefore, the use of express analysis is beneficial for BES II data production and helps to speed up scientific discovery by helping to obtain results within one year after the end of data acquisition. The specific features of express data production are presented and discussed as well as the results of online production and analysis, such as real-time reconstruction of short-lived particles in the BES-II STAR environment.
Probing strangeness production in small systems through new multi-differential measurements with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Nassirpour Adrian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ALICE has observed that the relative fraction of strange hadrons grows strongly with multiplicity in small collision systems (proton-proton and proton-lead collisions) at LHC energies, in particular for multi-strange baryons. This implies that a proton-proton collision cannot be described as an incoherent sum of parton-parton collisions, an idea that has been central in most proton-proton generators, for example PYTHIA.
To accommodate the new ALICE results, models have to introduce significant final-state interactions. These final-state effects can have very different phenomenological origin. To be able to eventually discriminate experimentally between different final-state models, new experimental tools are required and in this paper different multi-differential observables will be tested with this goal in mind. Transverse Spherocity (SO
) is an observable that allows a topological selection of events that are “isotropic” (dominated by multiple soft processes) and “jetty” (where a single hard process is responsible for a significant part of the multiplicity). The underlying event activity is another observable that can be used to vary the amount of soft processes. It can be estimated by measuring the charged-particle multiplicity in the Transverse region (RT
).
Using these new observables, ALICE has obtained results for π, K, φ, p, and

Ξ

production at mid-rapidity

(
|
η
|

<
0.8
)

as a function of event shape and underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at

(

S

N
N

)

=
13

TeV

. Finally, this contribution will report on how these new multi-differential measurements compare to predictions from PYTHIA and EPOS-LHC.
High pT identified hadrons in large and small systems measured by PHENIX
Authors: Ujvari Balazs 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The PHENIX experiment at RHIC measured identified hadrons in several collision systems and centrality classes. Measurements were performed in different years and independent decay modes. The mesons show universal high-pT supression in the different collision systems which suggest no dependency on the size of the projectile. Yields of π
0, ɳ, KS
, K* and Φ mesons measured in large systems show similar suppression pattern at

S

N
N

=
200

GeV

for similar numbers of participant nucleons. In the intermediate pT region, between 2 and 5 GeV/c, a significant enhancement of baryon-to-meson ratios compared to those measured in pp collisions is observed. In small systems an ordering (R
pA > R
dA > R
HeA) for the mesons (π
0 and Φ) at mid-pT was observed.
Heavy-flavour correlations and jets with ALICE at the LHC
Authors: Carlos Oliveira da Silva Antonio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This contribution summarises the results on heavy-flavour correlations and jets measured with ALICE detector. Studies of D0-tagged jets are presented in various collision systems and energies. The measurement of the fraction of jet momentum carried by the D0 meson in the direction of the jet axis

(

z

|
|

ch,jet

)

in pp collisions at

S

=
5.02

and 13 TeV as well as the nuclear modification factor in p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions are presented. The measurements of the production of jets tagged by electrons from heavy-flavour decays in pp and p–Pb are compared to expectations from POWHEG+PYTHIA8 simulations. The p
T-differential cross section of b-tagged jets in p–Pb collisions is also reported and compared to expectations from POWHEG event generator. The azimuthal correlation of D mesons with charged particles in pp and p–Pb collisions are also presented.
Summary of charm results from ALICE
Authors: Terrevoli Cristina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An overview of the most recent charm measurements from the ALICE Collaboration is presented in this document. The study of heavy-flavour production is important to understand the properties of the hot and dense medium formed in ultra-relativistic heavyion collisions. In this document the journey of charm in the medium, from the production to the hadronisation into hadrons, is described. Both open charm and quarkonium measurements are presented, starting from D-meson and J/ψ production cross sections in pp collisions and their comparison with theoretical calculations. Recent measurements of relative abundances of different particle species are discussed, in particular the Ds/D0 and

J
/
ψ

ratios, that are sensitive to the hadronisation mechanisms and to the strangeness and to the baryon-to-meson enhancement. The energy loss mechanisms and the collective motion in the medium are investigated through the D-meson and J/ψ nuclear modification factor and the elliptic flow measurements. Further investigations on possible medium-like effects observed in high-multiplicity pp and p-Pb collisions are also addressed.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Brass Francis Turbine Manufactured by Local Investment Casting Technique in Nepal
Authors: Kattel Sangit , Bhatt Jeewan Prakash , Subedi Rahul , Thapa Bhola , Sujakhu Surendra , Kafle Abishek , Shakya Tejesh Man 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Most of the hydro turbines in Nepalese power plants are imported from foreign industries. Findings from the studies have shown that up to 60% of the 13,000 MW capacity hydropower projects under the survey stage in Nepal would need Francis type of turbine with unit size below 5 MW. To meet the demand for turbines, Nepal has imported turbines worth US$ 5,616,072. The imported turbines from foreign industries could not address local problems of Nepalese hydropower. In Nepal, due to the sediment-laden condition of rivers alternative design and manufacturing techniques of turbines are necessary. To provide the new manufacturing techniques of Francis turbine in Nepal local casting process can be a solution because metal casting is a hereditary profession in Nepal since ancient periods till now. Large-sized bronze cast bells that are placed in Nepalese temples were manufactured in ancient times without a proper theoretical study on them. This paper discusses the materials testing of investment cast and sand cast brass materials of 14 kW Francis runner of Turbine Testing Lab (TTL) for exploring the possibilities of manufacturing Francis turbine. Tensile, Compressive and Charpy impact tests were performed base on ASTM standards and also the microscopic study was conducted at Kathmandu university laboratory. These testing results can be helpful for further studies on alternate turbine manufacturing processes as well.