bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fashioning Inclusion, Designing Internationalism: Pierre Cardin at the Brooklyn Museum
Authors: Webb Matthew , Yokobosky Matthew 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIn VAR’s new hybrid review–dialogue format, I talk with one of New York’s leading museum‐based fashion curators about his work on the Brooklyn Museum exhibition Pierre Cardin: Future Fashion (July 2019–January 2020). The exhibition celebrates Cardin’s role in the mid‐twentieth‐century “democratization” and “pluralization” of the European fashion system by pioneering a prêt‐à‐porter [ready‐to‐wear] collection, and spotlights his development of various strategies for licensing his designs, name, and initials to global partners. It also reveals a lesser‐known side of Cardin, showing his extensive travel and cultural advocacy for garment‐industry practitioners in China and Japan. In the dialogue, Yokobosky reflects on first meeting Cardin in Paris, remarks on producing the exhibit, and relays his perspective on why Cardin’s “inclusive futurist” design ontology might be important for us to consider at this present historical moment. The article points toward two potentially productive but understudied areas for future anthropological research: fashion museums and exhibitions as sites for the organization of knowledge about social history and public culture, and the culturally (re)productive work of fashion curators—one form of “designerly” agency nested within museum institutions.
Bodies of Archives / Archival Bodies: An Introduction
Authors: Battaglia Giulia , Clarke Jennifer , Siegenthaler Fiona 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTCompared to other disciplines and despite its central role in research practices, the concept of the “archive” has received insufficient critical attention in anthropology until recently. Anthropologists working in collaboration with artists and curators have experimented with forms of archive/archiving, raising important questions about both the collaborative and processual nature of archives. They thereby challenge ideas about the “archive” as a static repository of history. This special section begins with the premise that archives, prone to decay, dissolution, and rearrangement, are permanently in process. This perspective enables us to engage with cleavages and links between past knowledge and future imagination, as well as the role of representation and the anarchive. Our interest is not limited to objects, but also addresses the idea of the body (or collective bodies) as archives of experience, and the archive’s potential for collaborative artistic and ethnographic practices. We ask: What forms of collaborative work does the archive offer? In what ways can the collective sensibility of the archive be explored? What can we gain from a process‐based notion of the archive? What implications does this have on the role of the archive in art and anthropology, and for the practices related to it in particular?
Radiographic vertebral left atrial size: A reference interval study in healthy adult dogs
Authors: Vezzosi Tommaso , Puccinelli Caterina , Tognetti Rosalba , Pelligra Tina , Citi Simonetta 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThoracic radiography is a useful technique for the evaluation of cardiac dimensions, especially when echocardiography is not possible. The vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) has recently been proposed as a new radiographic method for quantifying left atrial dimensions in dogs. The aims of this retrospective, reference interval, observational study were to describe values for VLAS in a group of healthy adult dogs and to compare intraobserver and interobserver agreement for VLAS versus vertebral heart score (VHS) methods. Thoracic radiographs of 80 healthy adult dogs were evaluated. Normal left atrial size was determined based on an echocardiographic left atrial‐to‐aorta ratio < 1.6. The VLAS and vertebral heart score values were measured from right lateral radiographs. The correlations between VLAS, the vertebral heart score, and the left atrial‐to‐aorta ratio were evaluated. The effects of body weight, sex, and age were also tested using regression analyses. The median value of VLAS were 1.9, with a reference interval of 1.4‐2.2. A positive correlation was found between VLAS and vertebral heart score values (r = 0.53;P < .0001). No effect of body weight, sex, and age on VLAS was detected. Excellent intraobserver and interobserver agreements were found for both VLAS and vertebral heart score methods (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.91). Findings from this sample of healthy dogs indicated that VLAS is a repeatable radiographic method for quantifying left atrial size. Further studies are warranted to evaluate this measure in clinically affected dogs.
Inhibitory control of active expiration by the Bötzinger complex in rats
Authors: Flor Karine C. , Barnett William H. , Karlen‐Amarante Marlusa , Molkov Yaroslav I. , Zoccal Daniel B. 
Published: July 2020

Key points
Contraction of abdominal muscles at the end of expiration during metabolic challenges (such as hypercapnia and hypoxia) improves pulmonary ventilation.
The emergence of this active expiratory pattern requires the recruitment of the expiratory oscillator located on the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata.
Here we show that an inhibitory circuitry located in the Bötzinger complex is an important source of inhibitory drive to the expiratory oscillator.
This circuitry, mediated by GABAergic and glycinergic synapses, provides expiratory inhibition that restrains the expiratory oscillator under resting condition and regulates the formation of abdominal expiratory activity during active expiration.
By combining experimental and modelling approaches, we propose the organization and connections within the respiratory network that control the changes in the breathing pattern associated with elevated metabolic demand.
AbstractThe expiratory neurons of the Bötzinger complex (BötC) provide inhibitory inputs to the respiratory network, which, during eupnoea, are critically important for respiratory phase transition and duration control. Here, we investigated how the BötC neurons interact with the expiratory oscillator located in the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG) and control the abdominal activity during active expiration. Using the decerebrated, arterially perfused in situ preparations of juvenile rats, we recorded the activity of expiratory neurons and performed pharmacological manipulations of the BötC and pFRG during hypercapnia or after the exposure to short‐term sustained hypoxia – conditions that generate active expiration. The experimental data were integrated in a mathematical model to gain new insights into the inhibitory connectome within the respiratory central pattern generator. Our results indicate that the BötC neurons may establish mutual connections with the pFRG, providing expiratory inhibition during the first stage of expiration and receiving excitatory inputs during late expiration. Moreover, we found that application of GABAergic and glycinergic antagonists in the BötC caused opposing effects on abdominal expiratory activity, suggesting complex inhibitory circuitry within the BötC. Using mathematical modelling, we propose that the BötC network organization and its interactions with the pFRG restrain abdominal activity under resting conditions and contribute to abdominal expiratory pattern formation during active expiration observed during hypercapnia or after the exposure to short‐term sustained hypoxia.
Holographic s-wave superconductors with Horndeski correction
Authors: Lu Jun-Wang , Wu Ya-Bo , Mi Li-Gong , Liao Hao , Dong Bao-Ping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVia both numerical and analytical methods, we build the holographic s-wave insulator/superconductor model in the five-dimensional AdS soliton with the Horndeski correction in the probe limit and study the effects of Horndeski parameter k on the superconductor model. For the fixed mass squared of the scalar field ($$m^2$$m2), the critical chemical potential $$\mu _c$$μc increases with the larger Horndeski parameter k, which means that the increasing Horndeski correction hinders the superconductor phase transition. Meanwhile, above the critical chemical potential, the obvious pole arises in the low frequency of the imaginal part of conductivity, which signs the appearance of superconducting state. What is more, the energy of quasiparticle excitation decreases with the larger Horndeski correction. Furthermore, the critical exponent of the condensate (charge density) is $$\frac{1}{2}$$12 (1), which is independent of the Horndeski correction. In addition, the analytical results agree well with the numerical results. Subsequently, the conductor/superconductor model with Horndeski correction is analytically realized in the four- and five-dimensional AdS black holes. It is observed that the increasing Horndeski correction decreases the critical temperature and thus hinders the superconductor phase transition, which agrees with the numerical result in the previous works.
Driver Emotion Recognition for Intelligent Vehicles
Authors: Zepf Sebastian , Hernandez Javier , Schmitt Alexander , Minker Wolfgang , Picard Rosalind W. 
Published: July 2020

Driving can occupy a large portion of daily life and often can elicit negative emotional states like anger or stress, which can significantly impact road safety and long-term human health. In recent decades, the arrival of new tools to help recognize human affect has inspired increasing interest in how to develop emotion-aware systems for cars. To help researchers make needed advances in this area, this article provides a comprehensive literature survey of work addressing the problem of human emotion recognition in an automotive context. We systematically review the literature back to 2002 and identify 63 peer-review published articles on this topic. We overview each study’s methodology to measure and recognize emotions in the context of driving. Across the literature, we find a strong preference toward studying emotional states associated with high arousal and negative valence, monitoring the different states with cardiac, electrodermal activity, and speech signals, and using supervised machine learning to automatically infer the underlying human affective states. This article summarizes the existing work together with publicly available resources (e.g., datasets and tools) to help new researchers get started in this field. We also identify new research opportunities to help advance progress for improving driver emotion recognition.
Key Negotiation Downgrade Attacks on Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy
Authors: Antonioli Daniele , Tippenhauer Nils Ole , Rasmussen Kasper 
Published: July 2020

Bluetooth (BR/EDR) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) are pervasive wireless technologies specified in the Bluetooth standard. The standard includes key negotiation protocols used to generate long-term keys (during pairing) and session keys (during secure connection establishment). In this work, we demonstrate that the key negotiation protocols of Bluetooth and BLE are vulnerable to standard-compliant entropy downgrade attacks. In particular, we show how an attacker can downgrade the entropy of any Bluetooth session key to 1 byte, and of any BLE long-term key and session key to 7 bytes. Such low entropy values enable the attacker to brute-force Bluetooth long-term keys and BLE long-term and session keys, and to break all the security guarantees promised by Bluetooth and BLE. As a result of our attacks, an attacker can decrypt all the ciphertext and inject valid ciphertext in any Bluetooth and BLE network.
Our key negotiation downgrade attacks are conducted remotely, do not require access to the victims’ devices, and are stealthy to the victims. As the attacks are standard-compliant, they are effective regardless of the usage of the strongest Bluetooth and BLE security modes (including Secure Connections), the Bluetooth version, and the implementation details of the devices used by the victims. We successfully attack 38 Bluetooth devices (32 unique Bluetooth chips) and 19 BLE devices from different vendors, using all the major versions of the Bluetooth standard. Finally, we present effective legacy compliant and non-legacy compliant countermeasures to mitigate our key negotiation downgrade attacks.
Association of Body Mass Index in Youth With Adult Cardiometabolic Risk
Authors: Wu Feitong , Juonala Markus , Sabin Matthew A. , Buscot Marie‐Jeanne , Pahkala Katja , Smith Kylie J. , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Kähönen Mika , Laitinen Tomi P. , Viikari Jorma S.A. , Raitakari Olli T. , Magnussen Costan G. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Whether long‐term exposure to overweight or obesity from early life to adulthood has a detrimental influence on health outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether duration of overweight or obesity from youth to adulthood is associated with adult cardiometabolic risk.

Methods and Results
A population‐based cohort study was performed of 1268 youths, aged 3 to 18 years, with follow‐ups at 3, 6, 9, 12, 21, 27, and 31 years. Duration of overweight or obesity over 31‐year follow‐up was calculated. Adulthood outcomes included type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, high insulin levels, high carotid intima‐media thickness, hypertension, low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, arterial pulse wave velocity, carotid artery compliance, Young elastic modulus, and stiffness index. Rates of overweight/obesity were 7.9% at baseline and 55.9% after 31 years. After adjustment for confounders, longer duration of overweight or obesity was associated with increased risk of all outcomes (relative risk ranged from 1.45–9.06 for type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, carotid intima‐media thickness, hypertension, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides; β from 0.370–0.543 m/s for pulse wave velocity; –0.193 to –0.237 %/10 mm Hg for carotid artery compliance; 52.1–136.8 mm Hg·mm for Young elastic modulus; and 0.554–0.882 for stiffness index). When body mass index was further adjusted, these associations disappeared or were substantially reduced. Detrimental associations of adult body mass index with all outcomes were robust to adjustment for confounders and duration of overweight or obesity.

Conclusions
Overweight or obesity in adulthood rather than childhood appears to be more important for adult cardiometabolic health.
Improving Access to Automated External Defibrillators in Rural and Remote Settings: A Drone Delivery Feasibility Study
Authors: Cheskes Sheldon , McLeod Shelley L. , Nolan Michael , Snobelen Paul , Vaillancourt Christian , Brooks Steven C. , Dainty Katie N. , Chan Timothy C. Y. , Drennan Ian R. 
Published: July 2020

Background

Time to treatment is critical for survival from sudden cardiac arrest. Every minute delay in defibrillation results in a 7% to 10% reduction in survival. This is particularly problematic in rural and remote regions, where emergency medical service response is prolonged and automated external defibrillators (
AEDs
) are often not available. Our primary objective was to examine the feasibility of a novel
AED
drone delivery method for rural and remote sudden cardiac arrest. A secondary objective was to compare response times between
AED
drone delivery and ambulance to mock sudden cardiac arrest resuscitations.

Methods and Results

We conducted 6 simulations in 2 rural communities in southern Ontario, Canada. In the first 2 simulations, the drone and ambulance were dispatched from the same paramedic base. In simulations 3 and 4, the drone and ambulance were dispatched from separate paramedic bases; and in simulations 5 and 6, the drone was dispatched from an optimized location. During each simulation, a “mock” call was placed to 911 and a single
AED
drone and an ambulance were simultaneously dispatched to a predetermined destination. On scene, trained first responders retrieved the
AED
from the drone and initiated resuscitative efforts on a mannequin until paramedics arrived. No difficulties were encountered during drone activation by dispatch, ascent, landing, or bystander retrieval of the
AED
from the drone. During simulations 1 and 2, the distance to the scene was 6.6 km. For simulations 3 and 4, the ambulance response distance increased to 8.8 km while drone remained at 6.6 km; and in simulations 5 and 6, the ambulance response distance was 20 km compared with 9 km for the drone. During each flight, the
AED
drone arrived on scene before the ambulance, between 1.8 and 8.0 minutes faster.

Conclusions

This study suggests
AED
drone delivery is feasible, with the potential for improvements in response time during simulated sudden cardiac arrest scenarios. Further research is required to determine the appropriate system configuration for
AED
drone delivery in an integrated emergency medical service system as well as optimal strategies to simplify bystander application of a drone‐delivered
AED
.
Genetically Predicted Midlife Blood Pressure and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Gill Dipender , Georgakis Marios K. , Zuber Verena , Karhunen Ville , Burgess Stephen , Malik Rainer , Dichgans Martin 
Published: July 2020

Background
Elevated blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, it is not known whether midlife blood pressure affects later life cardiovascular risk independent of later life blood pressure.

Methods and Results

Using genetic association estimates from the UK Biobank and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium, univariable mendelian randomization was performed to investigate the total effect of genetically predicted mean arterial pressure (MAP) at age ≤55 years on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, and multivariable mendelian randomization was performed to investigate the effect of genetically predicted MAP on CAD risk after adjusting for genetically predicted MAP at age >55 years. In both univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization analyses, there was consistent evidence of higher genetically predicted MAP at age ≤55 years increasing CAD risk. This association persisted after adjusting for genetically predicted MAP at age >55 years, when considering nonoverlapping populations for the derivation of MAP and CAD risk genetic association estimates, when investigating only incident CAD events after age >55 years, and when restricting the analysis to variants with most heterogeneity in their associations with MAP ≤55 and >55 years. For a 10–mm Hg increase in genetically predicted MAP at age ≤55 years, the odds ratio of later life CAD was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.16–1.77;
P
=0.001) after adjusting for genetically predicted MAP at age >55 years.

Conclusions
These mendelian randomization findings support a cumulative lifetime effect of elevated blood pressure on increasing CAD risk. Clinical and public health efforts toward cardiovascular disease reduction should optimize blood pressure control throughout life.
The Banality of Power: Women’s Influence on Emirati Politics, c. 1800–present
Authors: Rugh Andrea B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The political impact of women from paramount families in the UAE over the last 200 years has been largely overlooked by scholars who tend to focus on male power and ignore the banality of women’s everyday influences. In fact, these women linked families, provided crucial information through their networks, restrained rulers, and promoted the career ambitions of their sons. Their ability to influence events in this early period suggests a power greater than that enjoyed by women appointed or elected to government positions today.
Viewing Samaritans Jewishly: Josephus, the Samaritans, and the Identification of Israel
Authors: Chalmers Matthew 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Josephus offers one of our most extensive sources for the study of ancient Judaism, and his treatment of the Samaritans is no exception. In this article, I synchronize attention to Josephus’ representations of Samaritans with the turn in Biblical Studies and Jewish Studies towards the contestation of ancient “Israel” throughout antiquity. First, I argue that we see more clearly how Josephus actively constructs Samaritan identity by comparison to shared contestation of Israelite genealogy and geography in the Martyrdom of Isaiah, 4 Baruch, Pseudo-Philo, and Megillat Taʿanit. Second, I suggest that such an approach develops an alternative way to write ancient Jewish history with Josephus, incorporating his work into discussions of ancient Jewish self-representation beyond the choice between historical reality check or self-sustaining rhetoric.
Confrontation and Its Problems: Can the History of Science Provide Evidence for the Philosophy of Science?
Authors: Dimitrakos Thodoris 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper I am concerned with the relation between the history of science and the philosophy of science from the perspective of philosophy. In particular, I examine two philosophical objections against the idea that the history of science can provide evidences to the philosophy of science. The first objection is metaphysical and suggests that given Hume’s law, i.e. that norms cannot be derived from facts and given that the history of science is a descriptive enterprise while the philosophy of science is a normative endeavor, the former cannot be informative for the latter. The second is epistemological and is often called the ‘case studies dilemma’. According to this dilemma, we can neither deduce general philosophical theories from particular historical cases nor test the former through the latter. I argue that although those objections fail to be fatal for the idea that the historical data can provide evidence for the philosophical theories of science, they can help us draw a proper image of the relation between the history and the philosophy of science. I conclude that this picture presupposes the constant epistemic iteration between the two disciplines.
Prospective Evaluation of a Smartphone Otoscope for Home Tympanostomy Tube Surveillance: A Pilot Study
Authors: Don Debra M. , Koempel Jeffrey A. , Fisher Laurel M. , Wee Choo Phei , Osterbauer Beth 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: Recent technological advances have led to the capability of performing high resolution imaging of the tympanic membrane. Smartphone technologies and applications have provided the opportunity to capture digital images and easily share them. The smartphone otoscope device was developed as a simple system that can convert a smartphone into a digital otoscope. This device has the prospective ability to improve physician-patient communication and assist with the diagnosis and management of ear disease. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility and physician/parental satisfaction using the Cellscope® smartphone attachment for at home tympanostomy tube monitoring. Methods: Children between 6 months and 15 years of age at an urban tertiary children’s hospital that were scheduled for bilateral tympanostomy tube insertion or underwent bilateral tympanostomy tube surgery were prospectively enrolled in the study. Comparisons were made between parental home-recorded videos and findings during in-office otoscopy. Two independent otolaryngologists reviewed the videos and concordance between inter-rater agreements was calculated. Acceptability and use questionnaires were administered to physicians and parents. Results: There was good intra-rater agreement between traditional otoscopy and video-otoscopy for tube extruding, tube blocked and tube extruded with at least 80% agreement ( P < .05) and excellent inter-rater agreement between physicians for nearly all tube variables ( P < .0001) There was a high degree of satisfaction with this mode of surveillance. Parents and physicians agreed that the CellScope® smartphone was easy to use, helpful with the occurrence of acute events, and appeared to improve quality of care. Conclusions: The CellScope® smartphone is feasible for use in tympanostomy tube surveillance. Use of the device may allow otolaryngologists to easily follow a child’s tympanostomy tube remotely over time and offer greater parental satisfaction.