bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Masks during the Pandemic Period in Indonesian People
Authors: Yudhastuti Ririh 
Published: July 2020

The use of masks protects individuals from the spread of COVID-19 and control the source of transmission through droplets, but with limited medical masks, a cloth face mask can be used as an alternative personal protection from COVID-19. This study aims to describe the use of cloth face mask as an alternative personal protection during the pandemic. WHO recommends the use of non-medical masks both at home and in public places. The use of face masks is a WHO’s recommendation on April 6, 2020. Medical masks are categorized as medical waste, then the disposal must be appropriate to prevent COVID-19 transmission in community. Cloth face mask can be used repeatedly and washed, its use can be adjusted to face. However, using a face mask alone is not enough to provide an adequate protection level. Other steps must be taken, such as washing hands with hand soap in running water, keeping a physical distance of minimum one meter from people, especially from those showing respiratory tract symptoms (coughing, sneezing), cleaning items touched by hands of people such as door handles and handles stairs. Therefore, the use of cloth face mask must be carried out together with clean and healthy living behaviors.
Review of Trial Therapy and Treatment for COVID-19: Lessons for Indonesia
Authors: Mukhlida Halma Zahro , Maulida Hilma Hasro , Khairunnisa Gunanti , Mantrono Margaretha Josephine , Hartono Risky Kusuma , Rindu Rindu , Purnamasari Eka Rokhmiati Wahyu , Meirawan Rizky Fajar 
Published: July 2020

The infectious disease from corona virus, or COVID-19, has quickly spread world-wide since 2019. Therapies for managing COVID-19 have yet to be confirmed as medication for the severe sickness that the disease may cause. This study uses PRISMA guidelines as a method for conducting a systematic literature review. We selected relevant studies published from January 2020 to March 2020 by searching Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The research focuses on the treatment of and therapies for COVID-19 only to the patients in the hospital. The inclution 8 articles were screened by using a PRISMA flow after reading 28 abstract and 28 from whole articles. Sixty-seven articles were collected from several online journal databases, and various therapies were found that are effective in the treatment and management of COVID-19. Clinical improvements and Recovery rate have been achieved in a short time compared to standard care only. The findings of the study show that several therapies are effective in managing the severe illness that can be caused by COVID-19. Nevertheless, research into effective therapies for COVID-19 must be continued to find the best therapy and treatment.
Circulating miR-660-5p is associated with the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: zhang jian-wei , Hu Cheng-ping , Zhao Ying-xin , He Ling-jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This study aims to investigate the association of circulating miR-660-5p with NRP in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPCI.Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with anterior STEMI within 12 h of pain onset were included in the study; in these patients, coronary angiography confirmed that the infarct-related artery was the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Angiographic NRP was defined as a final TIMI flow of 2 or a final TIMI flow of 3 with a myocardial blush grade (MBG) < 2. High miR-660-5p was defined as a value in the third tertile. The relationship of circulating miR-660-5p with NRP was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Fifty-two eligible patients were finally included in this study (mean age: 56±12.4 years, >65 years: 53.8%, male: 76.9%, and mean BMI: 26.3±3.5). The incidence of NRP was 38.5%. Circulating miR-660-5p was significantly related to the mean platelet volume (MPV). Patients were divided into tertiles by miR-660-5p levels (Q1: ≤ 7.18, Q2: 7.18-11.31, Q3: > 11.31). Patients in the high microRNA-660-5p group had almost a 6-fold higher risk of NRP than those in the low microRNA-660-5p group [(odds ratio (OR)=5.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40-23.07, p=0.015). When analysed by tertiles, consistent trends of an increasing relative odds of NRP were reported (OR1 for Q2 VS. Q1: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.27-5.73, p=0.77; OR2 for Q3 VS. Q1: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33-26.66, p=0.02), even after multivariable adjustment. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the microRNA-660-5p level of 10.17 was the best cut-off level to predict the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.768 (95% CI: 0.636-0.890).Conclusion: Circulating miR-660-5p was significantly associated with NRP, and it may be a useful biomarker to predict the incidence of NRP in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI.
Auricular acupressure for hot flashes in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Jianfu , Lin Rongwu , Liu Xuehua , Lv Liguo , Wang Shusheng , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Zhichao , Xiang Songtao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHot flashes, characterized by intense heat sensation and diaphoresis, are common side effects resulted from hormonotherapy in patients with prostate cancer. Cumulated studies have revealed beneficial role of acupuncture as complementary and alternative recipe for the management of hot flashes. However, little is known about the auricular acupressure (AA), a micro-acupuncture technique whose therapeutic purpose is similar with conventional acupuncture. Therefore, this current study aims to explore the effects and determine the feasibility of AA for hot flashes in patients with prostate cancer.Methods/DesignThis proposed pilot study is a two-arm parallel, single-blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial. A total of 72 participants of prostate cancer suffered with hot flashes will be recruited and randomly allocated into two groups in a 1:1 ratio. Equal randomization is conducted using a computer-generated random allocation sequence. Sheng Zhi Qi (TF2), Nei Fen Mi (CO18), Shen Men (TF4), Shen (CO10) and Pi Zhi Xia (AT4) are selected as experimental acupressure points, and five helix points (HX 8-12) are used as sham control acupressure points. Participants in the experimental group and control group will receive AA and sham-AA treatment, respectively. The duration of the treatment is 6 weeks with two sessions per week, and the follow-up period is 12 weeks. The primary outcome is Hot Flash Score (HFS). The secondary outcomes include Quality of Life (QoL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS). All outcomes measurement will be conducted before and through treatment period as well as follow-up period. Safety assessment will be carried out through treatment and follow-up period.DiscussionThis pilot study will for the first time advance our knowledge on feasibility of AA in alleviating hot flashes in patients of prostate cancer and provide preliminary evidence for a further full-scale trial.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900026694. Registered on 19 October 2019.
Risk factors and pregnancy outcomes of heterotopic pregnancy secondary to in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A case series study
Authors: Zhu Shaomi , Zhang Qinxiu , Song Linjiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The early diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pregnancy (HP) remain one of the biggest challenges in the field of gynecology. A coexisting intrauterine gestation makes the ectopic pregnancy in HP more difficult to diagnose. This case series analysis is designed to explore factors affecting the incidence of HP secondary to in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and that affecting pregnancy outcomes after surgical treatment of HP.Methods: From the IVF registry system, the clinical data of 29 patients with HP and 92 with an intrauterine-only pregnancy (IUP) following embryo transfer from January 2009 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results HP had a higher proportion of previous ectopic pregnancies, multiple abortion history ( ≧ 2 times) and tubal indication for IVF than IUP. In patients with HP, 31.03% had spontaneous abortion, 25.00% had preterm delivery and 58.62% resulted in a live birth. According to the results from logistic regression, history of multiple abortions (odds ratio (OR) 3.031, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.087-8.453; P=0.034), tubal infertility (OR 3.844, 95% CI 1.268-11.656; P=0.017), previous ectopic pregnancies (OR 2.303, 95% CI 0.625-8.490; P=0.021) and multiple embryo transfer ( OR 0.300, 95% CI 0.092-0.983; P=0.037) resulted in an elevated proportion of HP in IVF cycles. Incidence of HP was comparable between patients transferred with blastocyst and cleavage embryos. Shorter operative duration, smaller size of the ectopic mass and location in the ampulla of the fallopian tube were associated with higher chance of survival in the coexistent intrauterine pregnancy after surgical treatment with HP.Conclusions:The early diagnosis of HP remains a challenge. Previous history of ectopic pregnancy, multiple abortions, tubal infertility and multiple embryo transfer may be considered as meaningful risk factors of subsequent HP following IVF-ET. In patients with HP treated by surgery, shorter operative duration, smaller size of the ectopic mass and location in the ampulla of the fallopian tube means better reproductive prognosis.
The Relationship Between Moral Courage and the Perception of Ethical Climate in Nurses
Authors: Hakimi Hamideh , Mousazadeh Noushin , Nia Hamid Sharif , Nazari Roghieh , Dehghani Maryam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Moral courage, as a strategy to reinforce ethics and doing courageous deeds, is essential in providing nursing cares. Proper management of ethical challenges, professional commitment to patients, and ethical performance require moral courage. In addition, this concept is affected by personal and professional traits and organizational cultural. Ethical climate is a part of organization character, represents ethics in the organization. Ethical climate helps individuals to assess the problems and also acts as a guide for making decision about acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. The present study is an attempt to examine some of the predicting variables of moral courage in nurses. Methods: The study was carried out as predictive study in 2019. The subjects were 267 nurses working in hospitals who were selected through simple random sampling. Data gathering tool included a demographics form, Sekerka’s job satisfaction standardized questionnaire, and Elson’s ethical climate standardized questionnaire. Results: The mean scores of moral courage and ethical climate in nurses were 87.07±15.52 and 96.12±17.17 respectively. The findings showed that 16% of moral courage score in nurses was attributed to ethical climate and overtime work hours per month. Conclusions: Although, ethical climate and overtime work hours were the main factors in moral courage, not a notable percentage of the variance of moral courage was attributed to them. Therefore, there is a need to determine other factors in moral courage.
Characterization of Crude Cellulases From a Bacillus Sp. Isolated From Lake Bogoria, Kenya
Authors: Ogonda Lydia Awuor , Muge Edward Kirwa , Wamalwa Benson Munyali , Mulaa Francis Jackim , Tellier Charles 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background The demand for a carbohydrate driven economy coupled with the abundant cellulosic biomass has driven the search for cellulases that can be applied for the utilization of the cellulosic biomass.Context of the study Of special focus for our study is cotton, which is the preferred textile fiber given its favorable high quality. In addition, sugar, which is an important feedstock for several chemical industries, can be readily produced from cellulosic biomass. Purpose of the studyWe therefore sought to characterize cellulases from favorable ecosystems in order to gauge the validity of their inclusion in cellulosic biomass industrial utilization. ConclusionWe have shown the production of saccharides from cellulosic biomass (cotton and filter paper). Further, we established the stability of the cellulases in 40% (v/v) organic solvents; propanol, methanol, ethanol. In addition, the enzymes showed tolerance to the accumulation of sugars. Moreover, the cellulase enzymes were most stable at pH 6 and demonstrated a wide activity temperature range of 20°-80°C. Optimal cellulase activity was recorded at 60°C confirming the thermophilic nature of the enzymes. Brief SummaryThis validates and shows the potential of these enzymes in co-expression bio-factories and applications requiring high sugar yields Potential ImplicationsThis work adds to the study on the activity of the pure extracted cellulases from this microorganism under review at the journal of applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. These findings substantiate the potential inclusion of either this microorganism or its isolated/extracted enzymes in the industrial processing of cellulosic biomass including but not limited to cotton and paper.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anionic Dye Sequestration Capacity of Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived From Sugarcane Bagasse: Experimental and Regression Modelling
Authors: Azeez Luqmon , Adejumo Ayoade L. , Oyedeji Abdulrasaq O. , Busari Hassan K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study reported the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals from sugarcane bagasse using acid hydrolysis method. Nanocrystals were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and investigated for their adsorptive capacity for methyl orange (MO) sequestration. The disappearance of peaks at 1736 and 1429 cm-1 in addition to higher carbon content, greater crystallinity index from 1.09 to 1.21, predominantly nano range of particles (0.045 – 0.082 µm) and larger porosity are parameters that better-defined cellulose nanocrystals. A 2-fold improvement in monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained for cellulose nanocrystals (432.17mgg-1) described by Langmuir isotherm over bagasse (170.99 mgg-1) described by Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption processes on both adsorbents were spontaneous, exothermic and best fitted to pseudo second order kinetics ensuing chemisorption. Polynomial regression model appropriately predicted equations that best describe the effects of different batch adsorption parameters on MO removal with better fittingness than experimentally generated data.
Methylation Degrees of NIS and TIMP-3 Promoters in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Tumors
Authors: Arab Noman , Zarkesh Maryam , Nozhat Zahra , Sheikholeslami Sara , Salehi Marziyeh , Fanaei Seyed Ahmad , Hedayati Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the DNA methylation pattern in CpG islands of NIS and TIMP-3 promoters in thyroid cancers and the matched non-tumoral tissues as well as multinodular goiter (MNG) tissues. This cross-sectional study was performed on total 64 patients including 28 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), 9 follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and 27 MNG cases. Method: The bisulfite sequencing PCR technique was used to evaluate the promoter methylation pattern of the NIS and TIMP-3 genes.
Results

NIS mRNA levels were decreased in both of PTC and FTC tumoral tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). TIMP-3 expression was also reduced in both PTC and FTC tumoral tissues compared to the adjacent non-tumoral tissues (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Moreover, a significant reduction in TIMP-3 expression was observed in FTC tissues compared to the MNG samples (P = 0.05). The methylation on NIS promoter was not a common event in PTC samples, but it was frequent in FTC (P < 0.05). A significant hyper-methylation was shown in TIMP-3 promoter in both PTC and FTC tissues compared to the non-tumoral and MNG samples (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Aberrant promoter DNA methylation suggests potential utility to differentiate benign and malignant PTC and FTC tissues for early diagnosis, and contribution for personalized clinical management and surveillance. According to the reversibility of DNA methylation, these events may be potential targets for demethylating treatments.
Minocycline Alleviate A Rat Model Of Gulf War Illness Via Altering Gut Microbiome, Attenuating Neuroinflammation And Enhancing Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Authors: Liu Liang , Wang Er-Qiang , Du Cheng , Chen Hui-Sheng , Lv Yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that deficits in neurogenesis, chronic inflammation and gut microbiome dysregulation contribute to the pathophysiology of Gulf War Illness (GWI). Minocycline has been demonstrated to be a potent neuroprotective agent and could regulate neuroinflammation. The present study intended to investigate whether treatment of minocycline maintain better cognition and mood function in a rat model of GWI and the potential mechanism. Methods: Rats received 28 days of GWI-related chemical exposure and restraint stress, along with daily minocycline or vehicle treatment. Cognitive and mood function, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and gut microbiota were detected.Results: We found that minocycline treatment induced better cognitive and mood function in a GWI rat model, as indicated by open-field test, elevated plus maze test, novel object recognition test and forced swim test. Moreover, minocycline treatment reversed the altered gut microbiome, neuroinflammation and the decreased hippocampal neurogenesis of rats with GWI. Conclusion: Taken together, our study indicated that minocycline treatment exerts better cognitive and mood function in GWI rat model, which is possible related to gut microbiota remodeling, restrained inflammation and enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis. These results may establish minocycline a potential prophylactic or therapeutic agent for the treatment of GWI.
'Dissonant' Heritage of Cold War Modernism or European Heritage of Modernist Architecture of the second half the 20th century in conservation perspective: residential houses of Katowice, Poland - a case study
Authors: Żmudzińska-Nowak Magdalena , Krause Magdalena , Bródka Jakub 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The architectural heritage of the second half of the 20th century in countries of the former Eastern Bloc, including Poland, that inherently accompanied by the cold war spectre of the Iron Curtain was until recently treated as a „dissonant" heritage of Communism. The increasing time distance allows an objective look at this architecture of so-called Cold War Modernism in the European or even global perspective, and to reject of the political connotations allowed its value to be identified. Interest in sites built during that period is on the rise and the discussion of the need to undertake actions protecting such sites against demolition is very timely. The process of conservatory protection of this architectural heritage is very difficult and complex, particularly if it concerns individual residential houses of those times. Currently, such sites, remaining in the hands of private owners, undergo uncontrollable transformations and often incorrect upgrades, leading to their irreversible deformation and to a loss of their architectural and stylistic values. No studies, directives or systemic solutions dedicated to their protection are available in our country. The objective of the presented project was to create a model of research procedure and a package of conservation guidelines and project recommendations for selected example of a building from this group of sites located in Katowice, Silesia. The area selected for the study is rich with examples of such architecture, as confirmed by the subject literature and local visits. In order to analyse the problem, the Authors have assumed a view based on quality studies, preceded by a source analysis, as well as by a survey. They performed a full range of conservatory studies of the site (archive, architectural and conservatory, structural and physical studies using advanced, non-invasive techniques). The obtained results may be used as the basis for creation of a model conservatory procedure related to the studied individual residential houses and for determination of rules for their upgrades and adaptation to modern standards.
Thermal effect on energetic physiology in the ark shell Scapharca subcrenata
Authors: Kang Hee Yoon , Seong Jaeeun , Lee Young-Jae , Kim Changseong , Lee Won Chan , Chang-Keun Kang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Clams inhabiting temperate coastal zones are affected not only by seasonal thermal variation, but also by changes in the prevailing thermal regime of their habitats. Understanding the physiological processes required for adjusting the energy balance of the ark shell Scapharca subcrenata to varying thermal conditions is pivotal for predicting its growth and further phenology, and ultimately promoting successful aquaculture activity. Thermal effects on the physiological processes and the combined energetic physiology at the organism level of S. subcrenata were assessed over a temperature range corresponding to field conditions (3–28 °C). Results: Physiological rates of S. subcrenata were well correlated with its dry tissue weight, formalizing allometric relationships. Extremely low weight exponent values for filtration rate and metabolic rate were detected at lower (3–8 °C) compared to higher (8–28 °C) temperatures. In addition to marked reductions at 3 °C, weight exponents were identical and intercept estimates increased progressively with rising temperature over the temperature range (8–28 °C). Identical weight exponents and increasing intercept estimates for both feces production and excretion rates across the experimental temperatures indicated that energy losses by egestion and excretion increased gradually with rising temperature. Scope for growth and net growth efficiency showed relatively constant and positive values at 8–23 °C, suggesting an optimal temperature range for production, but dropped drastically to negative values at 3 and 28 °C, indicating thermal (both cold and heat) stress. The Q10 values revealed that the metabolic and filtration rates are more sensitive at 23–28 and 3–8 °C, respectively. Conclusions: Allometric size-scaling of physiological rates in S. subcrenata highlights species-specific responses to changes in temperature. The observed weight exponents and intercept estimates for filtration and metabolic rates reveal the variation of the thermal effects according to size as well as an incapability of acclimation to varying temperatures. Reversed thermal sensitivities in both components confirm that energy acquisition by feeding does not offset the metabolic energy cost outside the optimal thermal range. Our empirical analysis allowed further understanding of the seasonal energy dynamism and biological cycle of S. subcrenata in temperate habitats subject to highly variable thermal regimes.