bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital readiness index assessment towards smart port development
Authors: Philipp Robert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDigital technologies receive more and more attention in the maritime transport sector. Large ports such as Rotterdam or Antwerp are already heavily investing in digital databased technologies and thus, continue to rely on a sustainable expansion of these advanced technologies that promise security, process optimization and sustainability. Conversely, especially smaller ports have no or limited knowledge on what Industry 4.0, IoT and Blockchain are and what potentials they may have. Nevertheless, without the inclusion of small and medium-sized ports, the innovative idea towards a smart port development stays unachievable. Related to this, there exist a lack of concepts and models for measuring the digital performance of ports. Without such tools, it is impossible to audit the digital status of ports and to derive a concrete strategic roadmap for the digital transformation of ports. Accordingly, in this study, the research questions will be investigated, how the digital performance of ports can be assessed, and which strategic recommendations can be derived for ports regarding a sustainable development towards a smart port. Building upon the received qualitative data that were gathered through an online survey and IT based expert interviews, a digital readiness index for ports is applied in case of five selected seaports. The results will show that building upon the benchmarking and indexing of the ports, the current strategic positioning of the ports becomes apparent. Through this, the respective strategic recommendations for a sustainable development towards a smart port can be derived in accordance to each port classification.
Executive function training in very preterm children: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van Houdt Carolien A. , van Wassenaer-Leemhuis Aleid G. , Oosterlaan Jaap , Königs Marsh , Koopman-Esseboom Corine , Laarman A. R. Céleste , van Kaam Anton H. , Aarnoudse-Moens Cornelieke S. H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective of the current study was to assess whether game-formatted executive function (EF) training, is effective in improving attention, EF and academic performance in very preterm and/or extremely low birthweight children aged 8–12 years. A multi-center, double-blind, placebo- and waitlist controlled randomized trial (NTR5365) in two academic hospitals in The Netherlands was performed. Eighty-five very preterm children with parent-rated attention problems on the Child Behavior Checklist were randomized to one of three treatment conditions: EF training, placebo training or waitlist condition. EF or placebo training was completed at home (6 weeks, 25 sessions of 30–45 min each). At baseline, 2 weeks after training or being on the waitlist, and five months after first follow-up visit, children underwent assessments of primary outcomes (parent and teacher ratings of attention) and secondary outcomes (parent and teacher ratings of daily-life EF, computerized EF tasks and academic performance). Linear mixed model analyses were performed for all outcome measures. There were no significant differences in improvement over time on parent- and teacher ratings of attention, parent- and teacher ratings of daily-life EF, computerized EF tasks, and academic performance (arithmetic and reading) between the EF training, placebo training and waitlist condition. In conclusion, game-formatted EF training does not improve attention, EF or academic performance in very preterm children with parent-rated attention problems.
Asian options with zero cost-of-carry: EEX options on freight and iron ore futures
Authors: Haug Espen Gaarder 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Turnbull–Wakeman (J Financ Quant Anal 26:377, 2003) formula is a well-known formula for continuous arithmetic average rate options. However, the Turnbull–Wakeman formula was originally only developed for Asian options when the cost-of-carry is different from zero. In many commodity and energy markets where Asian options frequently trade, the average is typically based on futures or forward prices, that is to say, the cost-of-carry for the underlying asset is zero. Options on stocks can also have a cost-of-carry of zero. If the continuous dividend yield is equal to the risk-free rate, then the extension given in this note can be used in that case as well.
RNAi: What is its position in agriculture?
Authors: Mezzetti Bruno , Smagghe Guy , Arpaia Salvatore , Christiaens Olivier , Dietz-Pfeilstetter Antje , Jones Huw , Kostov Kaloyan , Sabbadini Silvia , Opsahl-Sorteberg Hilde-Gunn , Ventura Vera , Taning Clauvis Nji Tizi , Sweet Jeremy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is being developed and exploited to improve plants by modifying endogenous gene expression as well as to target pest and pathogen genes both within plants (i.e. host-induced gene silencing) and/or as topical applications (e.g. spray-induced gene silencing). RNAi is a natural mechanism which can be exploited to make a major contribution towards integrated pest management and sustainable agricultural strategies needed worldwide to secure current and future food production. RNAi plants are being assessed and regulated using existing regulatory frameworks for GMO. However, there is an urgent need to develop appropriate science-based risk assessment procedures for topical RNAi applications within existing plant protection products legislation.
Distribution and genetic variability of young-of-the-year greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the East China Sea
Authors: Hasegawa Takamasa , Lu Ching-Ping , Hsiao Sheng-Tai , Uchino Tsubasa , Yeh Hsin-Ming , Chiang Wei-Chuan , Chen June-Ru , Sassa Chiyuki , Komeyama Kazuyoshi , Kawabe Ryo , Sakamoto Takashi , Masumi Satoshi , Uchida Jun , Aoshima Takashi , Sakakura Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe examined the distribution and genetic variability of the greater amberjack Seriola dumerili in the East China Sea (ECS) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of young-of-the-year (YOY) individuals, which may reflect the genetic characteristics of the spawning population. In the years 2016 and 2017, a total of 165 YOY S. dumerili were collected from two different locations in the ECS: the southern part of the ECS, and western Japanese coast. The spawning period was estimated using otolith daily increments from a total of 67 larvae and juveniles collected in the ECS. Results from size and age distribution indicated that S. dumerili spawned near the shelf break region in the southern ECS from January to April. Phylogenetic analysis based on mtDNA sequence data showed no significant genetic differentiation among samples collected from different locations, implying S. dumerili in the ECS is mainly composed of one population. S. dumerili around the Japanese coast may be originated from the southern ECS.
Access and allocation in earth system governance: lessons learnt in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Gupta Joyeeta , Lebel Louis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractResearching socio-ecological justice issues in earth system governance can be operationalized through an Access (securing minimum needs) and Allocation (allocating the remaining resources, responsibilities and risks) framework. This paper synthesizes the review articles in this special issue. It concludes that (a) although international trade, investment and aid aim to enhance access, efficiently allocate resources and reduce risk, in practice the volume of trade and investment, the geographical distance between production and consumption, the pursuit of competitiveness and use of market instruments have concentrated wealth at great cost to socio-ecological justice; (b) research on food, water, energy, climate change and biodiversity reveal multiple linkages among the sustainable development goals, underlining the limitations of sectoral and incremental approaches to socio-ecological justice, for example, for smallholders; (c) while access issues are becoming difficult for politicians to ignore, allocation issues are being side-stepped because they draw too much attention to the underlying causes of inequality and poverty, (d) corrective justice is not enough, substantive justice approaches are needed emphasizing a rights-based framework and allocation cannot be exclusively left to market forces and mechanisms when it concerns public and merit goods; and (e) the terms access and allocation, although individually used, are not popular as a paired framework in the socio-ecological justice literature, but remain highly salient and cover the key justice issues for improving earth system governance.
Compliance to prescribing guidelines among public health care facilities in Namibia; findings and implications
Authors: Niaz Qamar , Godman Brian , Campbell Stephen , Kibuule Dan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization estimates that over 50% medicines are prescribed inappropriately and the main driver of antimicrobial resistance globally. There have only been a limited number of studies evaluating prescribing patterns against national standard treatment guidelines (STGs) in sub-Saharan African countries including Namibia. This is important given the high prevalence of both infectious and non-infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa alongside limited resources.ObjectiveOur aim was to assess prescribing practices and drivers of compliance to National guidelines among public health care facilities in Namibia to provide future guidance.SettingThree levels of public healthcare in Namibia.MethodA mixed method approach including patient exit and prescriber interviews at three levels of health care in Namibia, i.e. hospital, health centre and clinic.Main outcome measuresMedicine prescribing indicators, compliance to and attitudes towards National guidelines.ResultsOf the 1243 prescriptions analysed, 73% complied with the STGs and 69% had an antibiotic. Of the 3759 medicines (i.e. mean of 3.0 ± 1.1) prescribed, 64% were prescribed generically. The vast majority of prescribers were aware of, and had access to, the Namibian STGs (94.6%), with the majority reporting that the guidelines are easy to use and they regularly refer to them. The main drivers of compliance to guidelines were programmatic, that is access to up-to date objective guidelines, support systems for continued education on their use, and ease of referencing. Lack of systems to regulate noncompliance impacted on their use.ConclusionWhilst the findings were encouraging, ongoing concerns included limited prescribing of generic medicines and high use of antibiotics. A prescribing performance management system should be introduced to improve and monitor compliance to prescribing guidelines in public healthcare.
Phytostabilisation on post-flotation sediment waste: mobility of heavy metals and stimulation of biochemical processes by mineral-organic mixtures
Authors: Gondek Krzysztof , Mierzwa-Hersztek Monika , Kopeć Michał , Bajda Tomasz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of innovative combinations of organic-mineral mixtures obtained from biochar (BC), zeolite (Z), soil (S), poultry litter (PL), and slurry (SL) to post-flotation sediment (PFS) on (i) heavy metal mobility, (ii) heavy metal accumulation in willow, and (iii) PFS respiratory activity.

Materials and methods
The tests were carried out under laboratory conditions in containers with 500 g of PFS, to which 1% (w/w) of organic-mineral mixtures were added. Willow was grown for 90 days on substrates with the addition of organic and mineral mixtures.

Results and discussion
The addition of mixtures BC + Z + S + PL and BC + Z + S + SL to PFS significantly reduced the pH to, respectively, 7.12 and 7.02. This can be attributed to the release of the hydrogen load combined with organic anions deriving from the mineralisation of organic materials and the nitrification process. The addition of BC + Z and BC + Z + S mixtures to PFS reduced the content of Zn-H2O by 65%, Cd-H2O by 48%, and Ni-H2O by 30%. The addition of BC + Z + S + PL and BC + Z + S + PL mixtures to PFS increased the content of water-extracted Pb, respectively, 40 and over 60 times. The content of bioavailable heavy metals (extraction with 1 M NH4NO3) in PFS was comparable in all treatments to which mixtures were added. Altered mobility of heavy metal ions may be associated with a change of substrate properties, including redox potential, pH value, as well as the introduction into the soil of materials with significantly developed sorption surfaces. In the first 2 weeks of incubation of mixtures with PFS, respiratory activity was very low, except for that in BC + Z + S + PL and BC + Z + S + SL treatments. In these treatments, oxygen consumption was more than 50 times higher compared to the control treatment and more than 10 times higher in relation to BC + Z and BC + Z + S treatments.

Conclusions
The mixtures of BC + Z and BC + Z + S effectively reduced the content of water-extracted heavy metals in PFS. BC + Z + S + PL and BC + Z + S + PL mixtures were not effective in reducing water-extracted mobile heavy metals in PFS. The introduction into PFS of mixtures partially composed of biologically unstable materials (PL, SL) increased the biochemical activity measured by respiratory activity and reduced biomass increment of willow aerial parts. The adverse response of willow to the introduction of mixtures with poultry litter or slurry into PFS indicates the need to verify the amount of these materials in the mixtures or to stabilise them by biological or thermal processes.
A Critical Review and Assessment of Different Thermoviscoplastic Material Models for Simultaneous Hot/Cold Forging Analysis
Authors: Nahrmann Marvin , Matzenmiller Anton 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe simultaneous hot/cold forging is an innovative production process, taking advantage of the high accuracy for cold forming and low forces for hot forming. However, the choice of a suitable material model for such a large temperature range is a difficult issue and insufficiently regarded. Hence, the aim of this contribution is a critical review and assessment of the prediction capability and accuracy of three already existing thermo-viscoplasticity models. Therefore, the simulation results of the Bammann, Chiesa and Johnson (BCJ) model, the Evolving Microstructural M odel of I nelasticity (EMMI) and a recently proposed user defined constitutive model by Bröcker and Matzenmiller, based on an enhanced concept of rheological elements, are compared to test data considering a large range from room temperature up to approximately 1400 K (1127 ∘C). All three material models may represent the thermo-viscoplastic characteristics of metals, whereby each investigated material model comprises different approaches for the temperature dependency of the initial yield stress, nonlinear isotropic hardening, and strain rate sensitivity. All material parameters are identified with the test data of the low alloy steel 50CrV4/51CrV4, the case hardening steel 16MnCr5, the low carbon steel C15 and the aluminium alloy AlMgSi1 by using the commercial optimisation software LS-OPT. The prediction capability and accuracy of each model is evaluated on the basis of the mean squared error by means of a comparsion of real and predicted stress-strain curves for the four different metals. Finally, an industrial oriented hot/cold forging process for the production of a gear shaft made of the low alloy steel 51CrV4 is simulated with LS-DYNA using the three material models and, subsequently, their performance is discussed. As achievement of this model assessment, suitable as well as inappropriate temperature dependent approaches are identified for this large temperature range providing new insights into suitable material models for the analysis of a simultaneous hot/cold forging process.
ESTNeT: a discrete event simulator for space-terrestrial networks
Authors: Freimann A. , Dierkes M. , Petermann T. , Liman C. , Kempf F. , Schilling K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe capabilities of small satellites have improved significantly in recent years. Specifically multi-satellite systems become increasingly popular, since they allow the support of new applications. The development and testing of these multi-satellite systems is a new challenge for engineers and requires the implementation of appropriate development and testing environments. In this paper, a modular network simulation framework for space–terrestrial systems is presented. It enables discrete event simulations for the development and testing of communication protocols, as well as mission-based analysis of other satellite system aspects, such as power supply and attitude control. ESTNeT is based on the discrete event simulator OMNeT++ and will be released under an open source license.
The Buddha and His Son
Authors: Anālayo Bhikkhu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article surveys interactions between the Buddha and his son as reported in Pāli discourses and their parallels. Although by going forth as monastics both had left behind the secular setting of family life, the teachings the Buddha gave to Rāhula can be taken to exemplify qualities relevant to mindful parenting. Besides, teaching emerges as an activity that facilitates not only the progress of others to liberation but can also achieve the same purpose for the one who gives such teachings.
An electrochemical analysis of acute contamination of environmental water and restoring of water quality using taro carbon
Authors: Aman Efdtekhar U. M. , Islam Md. Fahamidul , Chowdhury Tahmid A. , Alam Md. Saiful , Elias Md. , Uddin Md. Nizam , Samed Ahmed J. , Hasnat Mohammad A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElectrochemical techniques were successfully employed to estimate contamination of water of river Buriganga, Bangladesh. A Pt–Cu electrode has been exploited to measure selective nitrate concentration, and corrosion rate of iron has been proposed to indicate relative abundance of dissolved contaminants. In order to evaluate the pollution level, water parameters of river Buriganga have been compared with those obtained from two freshwater streams named Surma and Dawki of the country. An iron strip in contact with Buriganga river water is corroded three times rapidly compared to its contact with Dawki or Surma river water indicates acute contamination of Buriganga river water. The River Buriganga is facing acute pollution from the point of high TDS (0.664–0.694 g/L), low DO (1.47–4.4 mg/L), high COD (197–218 mg/L), high ammonia (270–420 mg/L) and high nitrate concentration (107–157 mg/L). Negative ORP value (− 292 to − 310 mV) of Buriganga river water indicates that the stream contains high level reducing species. Meanwhile, positive ORP value indicates that Dawki (+ 203 to + 209 mV) and Surma (+ 184 to + 205 mV) river water contain oxidizing species. Sediment analysis shows the deposition of disintegrated organic pollutants on the bottom of the River Buriganga. Cost-effective carbon material synthesized from taro stems has been proposed to restore water parameters of filthy water system like Buriganga river.
Production optimization in well-6 of Habiganj gas field, Bangladesh: a prospective application of Nodal analysis approach
Authors: Shah Md. Shaheen , Khan Md Hafijur Rahaman , Rahman Ananna , Butt Stephen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe overall performance of gas reservoirs and the optimization of production, as well as its sensitivity analysis, are affected by several factors such as reservoir pressure, well configuration and surface facilities. The Habiganj well no. 06 (HBJ-06) is one of the significant gas-producing vertical wells of the Habiganj gas field, currently producing 14.963 MMscfd of natural gas from the upper gas sand. The widely used Nodal analysis is an optimization technique to improve the performance and was applied for the HBJ-06 to increase its production rate by optimizing manners. By this analysis, each component starting from the reservoir to the outlet pressure of the separator was identified as a resistance in the system by evaluating their inflow performance relationship and vertical lift performance. The F.A.S.T. VirtuWell™ software package was used to perform this analysis, where the declinations of wellhead pressures were suggested as 1300, 1200, 1100 and 1000 psi(a) without any modification of the tubing diameter and skin factor. Hence, the respective optimized rates of the daily gas production were increased to 38.481, 40.993, 43.153 and 46.016 MMscfd. At the same time, the optimized condensate gas ratio was calculated as 0.07, 0.06, 0.06 and 0.05, associated with the optimized condensate water ratio of 0.11, 0.10, 0.09 and 0.08, respectively.
The potential long-term impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on patients with non-communicable diseases in Europe: consequences for healthy ageing
Authors: Palmer Katie , Monaco Alessandro , Kivipelto Miia , Onder Graziano , Maggi Stefania , Michel Jean-Pierre , Prieto Rita , Sykara Georgia , Donde Shaantanu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic have focused on containing SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifying treatment strategies. While controlling this communicable disease is of utmost importance, the long-term effect on individuals with non-communicable diseases (NCD) is significant. Although certain NCDs appear to increase the severity of COVID-19 and mortality risk, SARS-CoV-2 infection in survivors with NCDs may also affect the progression of their pre-existing clinical conditions. Infection containment measures will have substantial short- and long-term consequences; social distancing and quarantine restrictions will reduce physical activity and increase other unhealthy lifestyles, thus increasing NCD risk factors and worsening clinical symptoms. Vitamin D levels might decrease and there might be a rise in mental health disorders. Many countries have made changes to routine management of NCD patients, e.g., cancelling non-urgent outpatient visits, which will have important implications for NCD management, diagnosis of new-onset NCDs, medication adherence, and NCD progression. We may have opportunities to learn from this unprecedented crisis on how to leverage healthcare technologies and improve procedures to optimize healthcare service provision. This article discusses how the COVID-19 outbreak and related infection control measures could hit the most frail individuals, worsening the condition of NCD patients, while further jeopardizing the sustainability of the healthcare systems. We suggest ways to define an integrated strategy that could involve both public institutional entities and the private sector to safeguard frail individuals and mitigate the impact of the outbreak.