bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renta Básica y Renta Máxima: una concepción republicano-democrática
Authors: Bertomeu María Julia , Raventós Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo fue pensado a modo de homenaje a Antoni Domènech, quien nos legó un Programa de Investigación sobre “las raíces históricas y conceptuales del republicanismo democrático clásico”, también valedero para el momento actual del modo de producir capitalista en el que nos encontramos al inicio de la tercera década del siglo XXI. Nos ocuparemos i) de fundamentar y mostrar la viabilidad de una Renta Básica, entendida como resguardo de un mínimum de existencia social para todos, que permitiría garantizar una universalización de la libertad republicana; y también ii) abordaremos el tema de la justificación de una Renta Máxima (RM), entendiendo que la acumulación de riqueza y, por ello mismo, de poder económico y político de los muy ricos, atenta contra el deber fiduciario de las repúblicas democráticas de garantizar una “vida normal” para todos sus habitantes.
This article is envisaged as a homage to Antoni Domènech who bequeathed us a Research Programme on “the historical and conceptual origins of classical democratic republicanism”, which is also valid for the phase of the capitalist mode of production we are presently facing at the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century. Our aims are 1) to establish and demonstrate the viability of a basic income, which is understood as safeguarding a minimum of social existence for everyone, and that would guarantee the universalisation of republican freedom; and 2) to tackle the question of justifying a Maximum Income, in the understanding that the accumulation of wealth, and hence of the political and economic power of the very rich, is an assault against the fiduciary duty of democratic republics to guarantee a “normal” life for all citizens.
Poder de negociación y distribución social de capacidades para la nacionalización de la vida económica: ¿por qué la renta básica es un proyecto democratizador?
Authors: Casassas David 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza en cuatro tiempos el potencial del acceso incondicional a recursos en la conformación de relaciones (re)productivas libres. En primer lugar, defiende una noción de democracia (económica) que exige la presencia de recursos incondicionalmente predistribuidos. En segundo lugar, explora el vínculo entre predistribución y poder de negociación. En tercer lugar, presenta el derecho a la existencia como condición para una cooperación social efectiva que merezca la pena ser cuidada. En cuarto lugar, discute el papel de la renta básica en procesos de nacionalización de la vida económica entendidos como expresión de la voluntad democrática de la ciudadanía.
This article analyses in four stages the potential of unconditional access to resources in the conformation of free (re)productive relations. Firstly, it defends a notion of (economic) democracy requiring the presence of unconditionally predistributed resources. Secondly, it explores the link between predistribution and bargaining power. Thirdly, it presents the right to existence as a condition for an effective social cooperation worth taking care of. Fourthly, it discusses the role of basic income in processes of nationalisation of economic life understood as the expression of the democratic will of citizenry.
Assessment of Water Quality of Odor River, Anambra State
Authors: Ekwueme Godspower Onyekachukwu , Okechukwu Aronu Charles , Otty Nkechi Udochukwu 
Published: August 2020

Aim: This study examined the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of Odor River in Orumba North, Anambra State. The parameters considered were pH, turbidity, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Alkalinity, total hardness, Sulphate ( ), Chloride, Calcium ( ) hardness, Magnesium ( ) hardness, Iron (Fe), Nitrate (NO3-), Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The objectives of the study were to assess the similarities that exist amongst the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of Odor River in Orumba North, Anambra State. Also, to test whether water from Odor river is safe for drinking by the people of Orumba North and its environs.
Methodology: The Cluster analysis and the one-sample T-test method were used to analyze the data obtained for this study.
Results: The findings of the study revealed that the parameters can be grouped in two groups as follows: group A consists of pH, turbidity, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Alkalinity, total hardness, Sulphate ( ), Chloride, Calcium ( ) hardness, Magnesium ( ) hardness, Iron (Fe), Nitrate (NO3-), and Conductivity while group B consists of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total coliform and E.coli. The physicochemical parameters were found to impact significantly on the variation of the water quality at 5% significant level and their measures did not exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) standard. Further findings revealed that the bacteriological parameters such as the Escherichia Coli and Total Coliform do not significantly impact on the water quality variation of the river and their measures do not exceed the WHO standard.
Conclusion: The physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of Odor River were found to be within the WHO Standard. However, the physicochemical parameters were found to impact on the water quality variation of the river while the bacteriological parameters do not impact on the variation of the water quality of the river. The implication of the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters not exceeding the WHO standard indicates no risk for the users of the river. Hence, water from Odor River is safe for human consumption and agricultural purposes.
Selenastrum capricornutum Prinz, Zea mays L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. Biomonitors: Natural Monitors of Spent Phone Battery Toxicity
Authors: Uba Bright Obidinma , Egbujor Joseph Chukwuemeka , Umeh Odera Richard 
Published: August 2020

Aims: This study was undertaken to monitor the different effects of spent Toshiba and Dell laptop battery on the growth and germination indices of Selenastrum capricornutum Prinz, Zea mays L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Study Design: Five treatments and the controls designs designated as 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 100% and CTRL were set up in triplicates and incubated at 25 ± 2°C for 72 h and 5 days.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University (COOU), Uli Anambra State, Nigeria during May, 2019 - December, 2019.
Methodology: The algal growth inhibition was analyzed using spectrophotometric method while growth and germination indices were adopted for the seed growth inhibition.
Results: The result revealed that the positive control K2Cr2O7 had the lowest ErC10 (-86.65 mg/L) and the highest ErC90 (130.92 mg/L) while the spent Dell battery sample had the highest ErC10 (10.18 mg/L) and spent Toshiba battery sample had the lowest ErC90 (75.52 mg/L) on Selenastrum capricornutum growth rate, respectively. Boric acid standard toxicant had the highest EC50 (-12.62 mg/kg and -14.30 mg/kg) on Z. mays and P. vulgaris while Toshiba and Dell battery samples had the lowest EC50 (-73.03 mg/kg and -22.37 mg/kg) on Z. mays and P. vulgaris, respectively.
Conclusion: The study revealed that both S. capricornutum, Z. mays L. and P. vulgaris L. were very good bio-monitoring models for spent Toshiba and Dell laptop battery contamination assessment; and are therefore recommended for E-wastes bioassays.
Static Water Level and Elevation Analyses of Shallow Hand-Dug Wells in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Odipe Oluwaseun E. , Sawyerr Henry O. , Adewoye Solomon O. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: This study was conducted to reveal the depth to water level and surface elevation in selected hand-dug wells within Ilorin metropolis to assist in planning and management of water resources within the study area.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ilorin metropolis, North Central, Nigeria.
Methodology: A total of twenty-six (26) hand-dug wells were sampled and relevant spatial information was acquired using a handheld GPS; data collected include: longitude, latitude, elevation and depth to water, then the static water level above sea level was estimated by the difference between depth to water and elevation. Statistical analyses such as mean and standard deviation were determined, also a base map, contour maps and 3-D elevation model of the study area were produced using ArcGIS 10.4 and Surfer 10 software.
Results: The depth to water within the study area ranges between 1.6 m and 13.3m, while elevation were between 284.1 m and 377.9 m, then the static water level ranges between 270.8 m and 371.4 m. The static water level contour map showed a radial and multidimensional groundwater flow pattern trending in the NE–SW and NW–SE directions while the 3-D elevation model revealed an undulating terrain.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the depth to groundwater is relatively shallow and this can guide proper development and management of groundwater resources within the metropolis.
Comparative Analysis of Serum Lipoprotein (a) in Hypothyroid and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Rina Leishangthem , Kalaiselvi V. S. , Shanthi B. 
Published: August 2020

This study is taken up to estimate and compare the level of serum Lp(a) in hypothyroid patients and in healthy controls. A total of 50 hypothyroid patients within aged group 20-60 years and total of 50 healthy controls within 20-60 years were enrolled in the study after taking written consent. Thyroid profile and Lp(a) were measured by CLIA and immune turbidemetric method respectively. Data collected was analysed using Stata version 14.1 software. Result shows an increased level of Lp(a) among hypothyroid patients when compared to healthy controls.
RESPONSIBILITY AS THE FOUNDATION OF ETHICS: POLITICAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Dahl Rendtorff Jacob 
Published: August 2020

<p>In this paper I would like to show the importance of the concept of responsibility as the foundation of ethics in particular in the fields of politics and economics in the modern civilisation marked by globalization and technological progres. I consider the concept of responsibility as the key notion in order to understand the ethical duty in a modern technological civilisation. We can indeed observe a moralization of the concept of responsibility going beyond a strict legal definition in terms of imputability. The paper begins by discussing the humanistic foundations of such a concept of responsibility. It treats the historical origins of responsibility and it relates this concept to the concept of accountability. On the basis of this historical determination of the concept I would like to present the definition of the concept of responsibility as fundamental ethical principle that has increasing importance as the foundation of the principles of governance in modern welfare states. In this context the paper discusses the extension of the concept of responsibility towards institutional or corporate responsibility where responsibility does not only concerns the responsibility of individuals but also deals with the responsibility of institutional collectivities. In this way the paper is based on the following structure : 1) The ethical foundation of the concept of responsibility 2) Responsibility in technological civilisation 3) Political responsibility for good governance in the welfare state 4) Social responsibility of business corporations in times of globalization 5) Conclusion and discussion : changed conditions of responsibility in modern times.</p>
Comparing progression biomarkers in clinical trials of early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cullen Nicholas C. , Zetterberg Henrik , Insel Philip S. , Olsson Bob , Andreasson Ulf ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Blennow Kaj , Hansson Oskar , Mattsson‐Carlgren Niklas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the statistical power of plasma, imaging, and cognition biomarkers as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trial outcome measures.MethodsPlasma neurofilament light, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and cognition were measured longitudinally in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) in control (amyloid PET or CSF Aβ42 negative [Aβ‐] with Clinical Dementia Rating scale [CDR] = 0; n = 330), preclinical AD (Aβ + with CDR = 0; n = 218) and mild AD (Aβ + with CDR = 0.5‐1; n = 697) individuals. A statistical power analysis was performed across biomarkers and groups based on longitudinal mixed effects modeling and using several different clinical trial designs.ResultsFor a 30‐month trial of preclinical AD, both the temporal composite and hippocampal volumes were superior to plasma neurofilament light and cognition. For an 18‐month trial of mild AD, hippocampal volume was superior to all other biomarkers. Plasma neurofilament light became more effective with increased trial duration or sampling frequency. Imaging biomarkers were characterized by high slope and low within‐subject variability, while plasma neurofilament light and cognition were characterized by higher within‐subject variability.InterpretationMRI measures had properties that made them preferable to cognition and pNFL as outcome measures in clinical trials of early AD, regardless of cognitive status. However, pNfL and cognition can still be effective depending on inclusion criteria, sampling frequency, and response to therapy. Future trials will help to understand how sensitive pNfL and MRI are to detect downstream effects on neurodegeneration of drugs targeting amyloid and tau pathology in AD.
Mechanotribological Aspects of MXene‐Reinforced Nanocomposites
Authors: Malaki Massoud , Varma Rajender S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMXenes are recently discovered 2D nanomaterial with superior mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties, being commonly employed in a wide variety of critical research areas, ranging from cancer therapy to energy and environmental applications. Due to their special properties, such as mechanoceramic nature with excellent mechanical performance, thermal stability and rich surface properties, MXenes have tremendous potential as advanced composite structures, especially those based on polymers due to a great affinity between macromolecules and the terminating groups of 2D MXenes. MXenes have been extensively explored in metal matrix nanocomposites as well as in solid‐ or liquid‐based lubrication systems owing to the 2D structure and antifriction characteristics. The purpose of the this paper is to provide a comprehensive insight into the material, mechanical, and tribological properties of the MXene nanolayers with discussions on the recent advancements attained from MXene‐reinforced nanocomposites starting with the synthesis, fabrication techniques, intricacies of the underlying physics and mechanisms, and finally focusing on the progress in computational studies. This analysis of MXene‐based composites will stimulate an emerging field with innumerable opportunities and ample potentials to produce newfangled materials and structures with targeted properties.
A Human‐Based Functional NMJ System for Personalized ALS Modeling and Drug Testing
Authors: Guo Xiufang , Smith Virginia , Jackson Max , Tran My , Thomas Michael , Patel Aakash , Lorusso Eric , Nimbalkar Siddharth , Cai Yunqing , McAleer Christopher W. , Wang Ying , Long Christopher J. , Hickman James J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLoss of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is an early and critical hallmark in all forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Herein, a functional NMJ disease model is developed by integrating motoneurons (MNs) differentiated from multiple ALS‐patients’ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and primary human muscle into a chambered system. NMJ functionality is tested by recording myotube contractions while stimulating MNs by field electrodes and a set of clinically relevant parameters is defined to characterize the NMJ function. Three ALS lines are analyzed, two with SOD1 mutations and one with an FUS mutation. The ALS‐MNs reproduce pathological phenotypes, including increased axonal varicosities, reduced axonal branching and elongation, and increased excitability. These MNs form functional NMJs with wild type muscle, but with significant deficits in NMJ quantity, fidelity, and fatigue index. Furthermore, treatment with the Deanna protocol is found to correct the NMJ deficits in all the ALS mutant lines tested. Quantitative analysis also reveals the variations inherent in each mutant line. This functional NMJ system provides a platform for the study of both fALS and sALS and has the capability of being adapted into subtype‐specific or patient‐specific models for ALS etiological investigation and patient stratification for drug testing.
Machine learning‐based distributed model predictive control of nonlinear processes
Authors: Chen Scarlett , Wu Zhe , Rincon David , Christofides Panagiotis D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis work explores the design of distributed model predictive control (DMPC) systems for nonlinear processes using machine learning models to predict nonlinear dynamic behavior. Specifically, sequential and iterative DMPC systems are designed and analyzed with respect to closed‐loop stability and performance properties. Extensive open‐loop data within a desired operating region are used to develop long short‐term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network models with a sufficiently small modeling error from the actual nonlinear process model. Subsequently, these LSTM models are utilized in Lyapunov‐based DMPC to achieve efficient real‐time computation time while ensuring closed‐loop state boundedness and convergence to the origin. Using a nonlinear chemical process network example, the simulation results demonstrate the improved computational efficiency when the process is operated under sequential and iterative DMPCs while the closed‐loop performance is very close to the one of a centralized MPC system.
A Tetraphenylbenzene‐Based AIE Luminogen with Donor‐Acceptor Structure: Unique Mechanochromic Emission and High Exciton Utilization
Authors: Han Pengbo , Lin Chengwei , Ma Dongge , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLuminogens featuring aggregation‐induced emission characteristics (AIEgens) have been widely applied in high‐performance non‐doped blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, AIEgens with high exciton utilization are rare. Herein, a tetraphenylbenzene (TPB)‐based AIEgen of PXZ‐TPB‐CN, in which phenoxazine (PXZ) and cyano (CN) serve as strong electron‐donating and withdrawing group, respectively, was rationally designed and facilely synthesized. PXZ‐TPB‐CN exhibits a unique mechanochromic luminescence. The lifetime of its ground powders and films exhibits a new decay component compared with the pristine powders, which attributes to the reverse intersystem crossing from the high‐lying triplet state process according to the theoretical calculation. To further verify this process, a non‐doped OLED using PXZ‐TPB‐CN as emitting layer was fabricated, and a much higher maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the device than that of theoretical one was obtained, suggesting that triplet excitons are involved in a radiative process. In addition, the high horizontally oriented dipoles also contribute to this high EQE. This work provides a new strategy to realize blue AIEgen‐based OLEDs with high exciton utilization by attaching strong donors and acceptors on twisted AIE cores.
Possible implications of animal models for the assessment of visceral pain
Authors: Regmi Bharata , Shah Manoj K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcute pain, provoked generally after the activation of peripheral nociceptors, is an adaptive sensory function that alerts the individual to avoid noxious stimuli. However, uncontrolled acute pain has a maladaptive role in sensory activity leading to development of a chronic pain state which persists even after the damage is resolved, or in some cases, in the absence of an initial local acute injury. Huge numbers of people suffer from visceral pain at least once during their life span, leading to substantial health care costs. Although studies reporting on the mechanism of visceral pain are accumulating, it is still not precisely understood. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the mechanism of visceral pain through an evaluation of different animal models and their application to develop novel therapeutic approaches for treating visceral pain. To assess the nociceptive responses in viscera, several visceral pain models such as inflammatory, traction, stress and genetic models utilizing different methods of measurement have been devised. Among them, the inflammatory and traction models are widely used for studying the visceral pain mechanism of different disease conditions and post‐operative surgery in humans and animals. A hapten, 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), has been extensively used as an inflammatory agent to induce visceral pain. The traction model seems to cause a strong pain stimulation and autonomic reaction and could thus be the most appropriate model for studying the underlying visceral pain mechanism and for probing the therapeutic efficacies of various anesthetic and analgesics for the treatment of visceral pain and hyperalgesia.
Facile synthesis of up‐conversionCit‐NaYF4:Yb,Tm @phenol‐formaldehyde resin@Ag composites for the sensitive detection ofS2−
Authors: Sun Xiangfei , Yang Ping , Wang Shaohua , Feng Lina , Shi Jianjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, we synthesized the core‐shell structure citric acid‐modified up‐conversion luminescent nanoparticles (Cit‐NaYF4:Yb,Tm) (denoted as UC)@ polymer of phenol‐formaldehyde resin (PFR) particles. Ag nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto the PFR's shell by direct reduction of AgNO3in situ with rich hydroxyl groups in PFR and a new application of the UC@PFR@Ag composites for detection of S2−was investigated. A good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of as‐synthesis of UC@PFR@Ag composites and the concentration of S2−could be found within the range of 2–100 nM (R2= 0.9929) with a limit of detection of 0.67 nM. The values of S2−content in actual water samples obtained with the proposed method are much closer to unity as compared to the corresponding values obtained with the UV method.
Evaluation of isoindole derivatives: Antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity in the HT‐29 colon cancer cells
Authors: Kılıç Süloğlu Aysun , Selmanoglu Güldeniz , Gündoğdu Özlem , Kishalı Nurhan H. , Girgin Gözde , Palabıyık Sezin , Tan Ayşe , Kara Yunus , Baydar Terken 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNorcantharimides have an isoindole skeleton structure, and some isoindoline derivatives have positive effects on inflammatory pathologies, including cancers. The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of four synthesized isoindoline derivatives (NCTD1–4). HT‐29 cells exposed to 10, 50, 100, and 200 µM doses of each derivative were incubated for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the new derivatives was analyzed using the cell growth inhibition assay and the cell membrane damage test. In vitro antioxidant activity studies showed that the derivatives have free radical‐scavenging effects in a dose‐dependent manner. NCTD3 and NCTD4 apparently have antioxidant effects when compared with the control group treated with dimethyl sulfoxide. Furthermore, NCTD4 inhibited the growth of the HT‐29 cells due to membrane damage and exhibited a dose‐dependent cytotoxic effect on colon adenocarcinoma cells. The findings suggest that NDTD4 has the highest potential for colon cancer treatment and may be interpreted as a candidate anticancer agent.