bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation ofPIG‐A‐mutated granulocytes and ex‐vivo binucleated micronucleated lymphocytes frequencies after breast cancer radiotherapy in humans
Authors: Bonetto Rémi M. , Castel Pierre , Robert Stéphane P. , Tassistro Virginie M. , Claeys‐Bruno Magalie , Sergent Michelle , Delecourt Camille A. , Cowen Didier , Carcopino Xavier , Orsière Thierry G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough thePIG‐Agene mutation frequency (MF) is considered a good proxy to evaluate the somatic MF in animals, evidence remains scarce in humans. In this study, a granulocytePIG‐A‐mutant assay was evaluated in patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer. Breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant RT were prospectively enrolled. RT involved the whole breast, with (WBNRT) or without (WBRT) nodal area irradiation. Blood samples were obtained from participants before (T0) RT, and T1, T2, and T3 samples were collected 3 weeks after the initiation of RT, at the end of RT, and at least 10 weeks after RT discontinuation, respectively. The MF was assessed using a flow cytometry protocol identifyingPIG‐A‐mutant granulocytes. Cytokinesis‐blocked micronucleated lymphocyte (CBML) frequencies were also evaluated. Thirty patients were included, and five of them had received chemotherapy prior to RT. The mean (±SD)PIG‐AMFs were 7.7 (±12.1) per million at T0, 5.2 (±8.6) at T1, 6.4 (±8.0) at T2 and 3.8 (±36.0) at T3. No statistically significant increases were observed between thePIG‐AMF at T0 and the MFs at other times. RT significantly increased the CBML frequencies: 7.9 ‰ (±3.1‰) versus 33.6‰ (±17.2‰) (p< .0001). By multivariate analysis, the CBML frequency was correlated with age at RT initiation (p= .043) and irradiation volume at RT discontinuation (p= .0001) but not with chemotherapy. RT for breast cancer therapy failed to induce an increase in thePIG‐AMF. ThePIG‐Aassay in humans needs further evaluation, in various genotoxic exposures and including various circulating human cells.
Design and demonstration of an islanded hybrid microgrid for an enormous motel with the appropriate solicitation of superfluous energy by using iHOGA and matlab
Authors: Shezan Sk. A. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryThe urge for Electrical Power is escalating regularly at an increased rate due to the internationalization and progression of civilization. However, proper economic consumption of additional energy produced from the Islanded Hybrid Microgrid System (IHMS) that has not been consumed by the load is a major challenge globally. To overcome the above mentioned summon, this research focuses on a multi‐optimal combination of stand‐alone IHMS for Tioman Motel located at Tioman Island, Malaysia with an efficient exertion of redundant energy. To avail of this excess energy efficiently, an electrical heater along with a storage tank has been designed concerning diversion load having proper energy management. Furthermore, the system design has adopted the improved hybrid optimization by genetic algorithms (IHOGA) software for profitable and practical analysis of the designated configuration. Moreover, the optimal size of every module has been tested and analyzed through MATLAB Simulink and stabilized the whole system by representing the values of 1297 and 15 096 kW have been determined as the approximated peak and average load per day for the Motel, respectively. Moreover, the optimized IHMS is comprehended of Photovoltaic (PV) cells, Diesel Generator, Wind Turbine, Battery, and Converter. Adjacent to this, the optimized system ensued in having a net present cost (NPC) of $19.77 million, Renewable Fraction (RF) of 23%, cost of energy (COE) of $0.175/kWh, CO2 of 1 726 825 kg/year and excess energy of 532.26MWh per annum. Whereas, the system involved with the diesel generator lead a COE of $0.315/kWh, CO2 of 6 213 353 kg/year and NPC of $22.12 million. Additionally, this design alone with diesel generator has a higher CO2 emission rate, COE and NPC compared to optimized IHMS. On the other hand, the amount of excess energy is effectively utilized with an electrical heater as a diversion load.
Dechlorane Plus Biomagnification and Transmission through Prairie Food Webs in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Chen Wenming , Bao Junsong , Bu Te , Jin Hongli , Liu Yiming , Li Tianwei , Wang Huiting , Zhao Pengyuan , Wang Ying , Hu Jicheng , Jin Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Dechlorane Plus (DP) is found widely in the environment. It is important to study DP enrichment and biomagnification in terrestrial ecosystems to improve our understanding of the possible effects of DP on the environment and human health. A total of 90 samples, including plant and animal tissues, were collected from Xilingol Prairie in Inner Mongolia, China. The DP concentrations in different species were assessed, and transmission of DP through food webs containing ectotherms and endotherms was assessed. The compound was detected in the biotic samples (plant; range 0.133–0.422 ng/g dry wt), in animal muscle (range: not dected–5.70 ng/g lipid wt), and in animal hair (range: not dected–2.03 ng/g dry wt), indicating that DP is present in remote environments such as Xilingol Prairie. These findings suggest that DP can undergo long-distance transport in the environment. Biomagnification factors (ectotherms: range 0.146–88.0, endotherms: range 0.866–17.2) and anti-DP/total DP concentration ratios (fanti values of 0.412–0.787) for the prairie animals were calculated. Ectotherms were found to selectively enrich syn-DP, and stereoselective enrichment increased moving up the food web. Lower-trophic-level endotherms strongly stereoselectively enriched syn-DP, and higher-trophic-level endotherms stereoselectively enriched anti-DP. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:413–421. © 2020 SETAC
Correlations between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Body Morphometrics in Fledgling Shearwaters Impacted by Plastic Consumption from a Remote Pacific Island
Authors: Szabo Drew , Lavers Jennifer L. , Shimeta Jeff , Green Mark P. , Mulder Raoul A. , Clarke Bradley O. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We investigated the concentrations of 45 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in fledgling flesh-footed shearwater (Ardenna carneipes; n = 33) and wedge-tailed shearwater (A. pacifica; n = 9) livers via liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and their relationship to body morphometrics and ingested plastic mass recorded in 2019 on Lord Howe Island (NSW, Australia). Sixteen PFASs were detected, of which perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) was the dominant compound, detected in 100% of birds (1.34–13.4 ng/g wet wt). Long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids, including perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA; &lt;0.04–0.79 ng/g wet wt) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA; &lt;0.05–1.6 ng/g wet wt) were detected in &gt;50% of birds. There was a positive correlation between PFDA and PFTrDA concentrations and wing chord length (Rs = 0.36, p = 0.0204; Rs = 0.44, p = 0.0037, respectively), and between PFDA concentrations and total body mass (Rs = 0.33, p = 0.032), suggesting that these compounds may impact shearwater fledgling morphometrics. Plastic was present in the intestinal tract of 79% of individuals (&lt;7.6 g), although there was no correlation between PFAS concentrations and plastic mass, indicating that ingested plastic is not the likely primary exposure source. The widespread occurrence of PFASs in fledgling marine birds from a relatively pristine location in the Southern Hemisphere suggests that further studies in adult shearwaters and other marine birds are warranted to investigate whether there are any long-term physiological effects on bird species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:799–810. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
Background: Image of Lord Howe Island looking south towards Mount Gower. Map: Location of Lord Howe Island (red star) in relation to Australia and New Zealand. Bird: Artists impression of the Procellariidae family of birds, including the Flesh-footed Shearwater and the Wedge-tailed Shearwater. Graph: Sum concentrations of eight classes of PFASs detected in livers from juvenile Wedge-tailed and Flesh-footed Shearwaters from Lord Howe Island in 2019. PFAS = per- and polyfluoralkyl substances; PFCA = perfluorocarboxylic acids; PFSA = perfluoroalkylsulfonic acids; FTCA = fluorotelomer carboxylic acids; FTSA = fluorotelomer sulfonic acid; PASF = perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl fluoride; PFES = perfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid; diPAP = fluorotelomer phosphate diester; PFPiA = sodium bisheptadecafluorooctylphosphinate.
Recent Developments in Species Sensitivity Distribution Modeling
Authors: Fox D.R. , van Dam R.A. , Fisher R. , Batley G.E. , Tillmanns A.R. , Thorley J. , Schwarz C.J. , Spry D.J. , McTavish K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) is a statistical approach that is used to estimate either the concentration of a chemical that is hazardous to no more than x% of all species (the HCx) or the proportion of species potentially affected by a given concentration of a chemical. Despite a significant body of published research and critical reviews over the past 20 yr aimed at improving the methodology, the fundamentals remain unchanged. Although there have been some recent suggestions for improvements to SSD methods in the literature, in general, few of these suggestions have been formally adopted. Furthermore, critics of the approach can rightly point to the fact that differences in technical implementation can lead to marked differences in results, thereby undermining confidence in SSD approaches. Despite the limitations, SSDs remain a practical tool and, until a demonstrably better inferential framework is available, developments and enhancements to conventional SSD practice will and should continue. We therefore believe the time has come for the scientific community to decide how it wants SSD methods to evolve. The present study summarizes the current status of, and elaborates on several recent developments for, SSD methods, specifically, model averaging, multimodality, and software development. We also consider future directions with respect to the use of SSDs, with the ultimate aim of helping to facilitate greater international collaboration and, potentially, greater harmonization of SSD methods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:293–308. © 2020 SETAC
Effects of dietary energy levels on rumen fermentation, microbiota, and gastrointestinal morphology in growing ewes
Authors: Wang Qiye , Wang Yancan , Wang Xin , Dai Chunpeng , Tang Wensheng , Li Jianzhong , Huang Pengfei , Li Yali , Ding Xueqin , Huang Jing , Hussain Tarique , Yang Huansheng , Zhu Mingzhi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigated whether dietary metabolizable energy (ME) could generate dynamical effects on rumen fermentation, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology, and microbial composition of growing ewes. A total of twenty‐eight female Hu lambs were randomly allotted to two treatments with different dietary ME levels: 9.17 (FEA) and 10.41 MJ/kg (FEB). These lambs were further made ready for a 67‐day feeding trial. Results showed that the molar proportions of butyrate (p = .020), iso‐valerate (p = .028), and valerate (p = .005) were significantly higher in the FEB group than those in the FEA group. The results of the GIT morphologic properties showed that the villus height (VH) (p = .005) was significantly higher and crypt depth was significantly deeper (CD) (p = .005) in the duodenum and that the rumen papillary height (PH) was significantly higher (p = .020) in FEB group compared with the FEA group. High‐throughput sequencing results showed that 1826 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained and that the OTU number (p = .039), the ACE (p = .035), and Chao1 indices (p = .005) were lower in the FEB group. Moreover, 76 genera belonging to 21 phyla were detected in all samples; the relative abundance of Papillibacter (p = .036) and Flexilinea (p = .046) was significantly lower in the high energy group, whereas the relative abundance of unidentified Lachnospiraceae (p = .019), Acetitomaculum (p = .029), unidentified Veillonellaceae (p = .017), Anaerovibrio (p = .005), and Succinivibrio (p = .035) was significantly higher in the FEB group at the genus level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of genes and metabolic pathways were predicted by PICRUSt. The relative abundance of gene families related to carbohydrate metabolism was particularly higher (p = .027) in the FEB group. In summary, these results reveal that the dietary energy levels altered the composition and function of rumen microbiota and GIT morphology in growing female Hu sheep and provide a reference for optimizing diet formula and 10.41MJ/kg of ME level has been recommended in the growing period.
Derivatives use and the value of cash holdings: Evidence from the U.S. oil and gas industry
Authors: Choi Sanghak , Jang Hyeonung , Kim Daejin , Seo Byoung Ki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe examine the effect of the oil and gas firms' use of derivatives for hedging risks on the marginal value of cash holdings. Analyzing 155 U.S. oil and gas producers from 1998 to 2017, we find that the use of derivatives for hedging risks, especially oil and gas‐related risk, reduces the marginal value of corporate cash holdings. Furthermore, the effect of using derivatives is stronger for firms exposed to higher risk. Our findings imply that cash holdings and derivatives use act as substitutes in hedging risk in this industry.
Volatility‐managed commodity futures portfolios
Authors: Kang Jangkoo , Kwon Kyung Yoon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper examines whether the volatility management suggested by Moreira and Muir to improve profitability in the equity market can generate significant benefits both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample in commodity futures markets as well. The in‐sample results show the significant success of volatility management from the 12‐month momentum and market portfolio, but the out‐of‐sample results show that volatility management fails to improve real‐time performance, which indicates that in‐sample results are not obtainable for real‐time investors in the commodity futures markets. To understand the failure of volatility management, we perform the simulation analysis and find that a negative risk‐return relation seems to play a pivotal role in addition to strong volatility persistency to make volatility management successful.
Zur Tragfähigkeit von granularen Lastverteilungsschichten über Stabilisierungssäulen
Authors: Tinat Christopher , Kirstein Johannes , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEin Anwendungsgebiet von Stabilisierungssäulen (STS) stellt die Baugrundverbesserung für großflächige, setzungsempfindliche Strukturen, wie (faser‐)bewehrte Bodenplatten von Logistikzentren und anderen Hallenkomplexen dar. Zur wirtschaftlichen Optimierung von Dicke und Bewehrung der Bodenplatte wird häufig eine Lastverteilungsschicht (LVS) oberhalb der Säulen eingebaut. Ziel der LVS ist es, die unbewehrten Säulen von dem Bauwerk zu entkoppeln und die Bemessung der aufgelagerten Platte mit dem Ansatz einer gleichmäßig flächigen Bettung auf der LVS zu ermöglichen. Dabei ist die Interaktion zwischen Säulen, LVS und Bodenplatte zu berücksichtigen, die zusätzliche Beanspruchungen in der LVS und in der Bodenplatte hervorrufen können. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird das Nachweisschema für granulare LVS über STS bei starrer Lasteinleitung z. B. aus bewehrten Bodenplatten nach den französischen ASIRI‐Empfehlungen unter Berücksichtigung des konventionellen Grundbruchnachweises nach DIN 4017 vorgestellt. In einer Parameterstudie werden Einflussgrößen auf die Grenzspannung der LVS bewertet. Hierzu werden ergänzend die Ergebnisse von Finite‐Elemente‐(FE)‐Berechnungen an einer rotationssymmetrischen Einheitszelle mit einer Steifigkeitsreduktion des Bodens zwischen den Säulen herangezogen. Die FE‐Berechnungen zeigen, dass die Grenzspannung bei einer gering mächtigen LVS (HLVS < Hmax ) zunimmt. Jedoch sind bis zur kritischen Höhe Hkrit zusätzliche Biegemomente in der darüber liegenden Bodenplatte zu berücksichtigen. Das Biegemoment nimmt mit einer Verringerung der LVS‐Mächtigkeit zu.
The effect of BHA on oxidative stability of biodiesel from different sources
Authors: Encinar José María , Nogales Sergio , González Juan Félix 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe use of biodiesel is important, as it is a more sustainable energy source, obtained in many cases from vegetable oils and wastes such as fried used oils. In that way, there are plenty of advantages derived from its use, such as higher flash and combustion points. On the other hand, the oxidative stability of these samples is shorter, not complying with the European standards.That is the reason why the use of antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), is vital to comply with the standards and make biodiesel marketable. The aim of this research work was to study the effect of BHA at different concentrations (up to 2000 ppm, depending on the kind of sample) on several biodiesel samples derived from several vegetable oils (rapeseed, seed, and used fried oils).The results obtained pointed out the improvement of the induction point for all the samples as BHA concentration increased. Moreover, there was an influence of the raw material composition (concerning fatty acid profile) on the induction point of the biodiesel obtained and the subsequent optimum concentration of BHA.Thus, the fatty acid profile was different depending on the sample, and the higher amount of methyl linoleate of seed and used fried biodiesel was important, which implied shorter induction points in these samples. As a consequence, for the latter, higher amounts of BHA (around 1400 ppm) were needed. As a conclusion, all the samples studied showed suitable oxidative stability values (over 8 hours) with the use of BHA (at variable optimum concentrations). © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effectiveness of non‐pharmacological interventions targeting neuropsychiatric symptoms among persons with preclinical and mild dementia: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Rose Sin Yi , Yu Doris Sau Fung , Li Polly Wai Chi , Masika Golden Mwakibo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review and network meta‐analysis examining the effects of non‐pharmacological interventions on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in a community‐dwelling population with preclinical and mild dementia to identify the design characteristics of more effective interventions.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in 10 electronic databases. Two reviewers independently appraised the methodological quality of studies using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. A pairwise meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals. Network meta‐analysis was then used to estimate the relative effects and rankings of different interventions.ResultsTwenty‐one studies involving 1773 participants were included. Seven studies focused on preclinical dementia, and 14 studies focused on mild dementia. The majority of studies reported a single domain of NPS (depression, anxiety, apathy or agitation) rather than overall NPS. Data on depression were pooled. Pairwise analysis and network meta‐analysis indicated that multimodal interventions (SMD = −0.47,p= 0.01) were superior to psycho‐behavioral educative interventions (SMD = −0.04;p= 0.65), cognitive training (SMD = −0.27,p= 0.10), and art‐based interventions for improving depression. The more crucial design characteristics included those that emphasized skill transferal into daily life, psycho‐behavioral content to encourage a positive outlook and self‐identity, and disease‐specific educational content to improve symptom management.ConclusionsThis review indicated that multimodal interventions with cognitive, psycho‐behavioral and educative components were the most effective approaches for improving depression in patients with preclinical and mild dementia. More comprehensive evaluations using standardized and robust measures of NPS in patients with preclinical dementia are warranted.
Cognitive variability, brain aging, and cognitive decline in late‐life major depression
Authors: Manning Kevin J. , Preciado‐Pina Joshua , Wang Lihong , Fitzgibbon Kimberly , Chan Grace , Steffens David C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesOlder adults with late‐life major depression (LLMD) are at increased risk of dementia. Dispersion, or within‐person performance variability across cognitive tests, is a potential marker of cognitive decline. This study examined group differences in dispersion between LLMD and nondepressed healthy controls (HC) and investigated whether dispersion was a predictor of cognitive performance 1 year later in LLMD. We also explored demographic, clinical, and structural imaging correlates of dispersion in LLMD and HC. We hypothesized that dispersion would be greater in LLMD compared with HC and would be associated with worse cognitive performance 1 year later in LLMD.DesignParticipants were enrolled in the Neurobiology of Late‐Life Depression, a naturalistic longitudinal investigation of the predictors of poor illness course in LLMD.ParticipantsThe baseline sample consisted of 121 older adults with LLMD and 39 HC; of these subjects, 94 LLMD and 35 HC underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). One‐year cognitive data were available for 107 LLMD patients.MeasurementsAll participants underwent detailed clinical and structural MRI at baseline. LLMD participants also completed a comprehensive cognitive evaluation 1 year later.ResultsHigher test dispersion was evident in LLMD when compared with nondepressed controls. Greater baseline dispersion predicted 1‐year cognitive decline in LLMD patients even when controlling for baseline cognitive functioning and demographic and clinical confounders. Dispersion was correlated with white matter lesions in LLMD but not HC. Dispersion was also correlated with anxiety in both LLMD and HC.ConclusionsDispersion is a marker of neurocognitive integrity that requires further exploration in LLMD.
Constrained spherical deconvolution of nonspherically sampled diffusion MRI data
Authors: Morez Jan , Sijbers Jan , Vanhevel Floris , Jeurissen Ben 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConstrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) of diffusion‐weighted MRI (DW‐MRI) is a popular analysis method that extracts the full white matter (WM) fiber orientation density function (fODF) in the living human brain, noninvasively. It assumes that the DW‐MRI signal on the sphere can be represented as the spherical convolution of a single‐fiber response function (RF) and the fODF, and recovers the fODF through the inverse operation. CSD approaches typically require that the DW‐MRI data is sampled shell‐wise, and estimate the RF in a purely spherical manner using spherical basis functions, such as spherical harmonics (SH), disregarding any radial dependencies. This precludes analysis of data acquired with nonspherical sampling schemes, for example, Cartesian sampling. Additionally, nonspherical sampling can also arise due to technical issues, for example, gradient nonlinearities, resulting in a spatially dependent bias of the apparent tissue densities and connectivity information. Here, we adopt a compact model for the RFs that also describes their radial dependency. We demonstrate that the proposed model can accurately predict the tissue response for a wide range of b‐values. On shell‐wise data, our approach provides fODFs and tissue densities indistinguishable from those estimated using SH. On Cartesian data, fODF estimates and apparent tissue densities are on par with those obtained from shell‐wise data, significantly broadening the range of data sets that can be analyzed using CSD. In addition, gradient nonlinearities can be accounted for using the proposed model, resulting in much more accurate apparent tissue densities and connectivity metrics.