bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health care consumption among adolescent girls prior to diagnoses of sexual abuse, a case–control study in the Stockholm Region
Authors: Rajan Gita , Ljunggren Gunnar , Wändell Per , Wahlström Lars , Svedin Carl Göran , Carlsson Axel C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVictims of sexual abuse have more co-morbidities than other persons in the same age and the most affected group are adolescent girls. Little is known about how this is reflected in health care consumption patterns prior to the registered diagnosis. The aim of this investigation was to study health care consumption patterns among girls, 12–17 years old, 1 and 2 years prior to their diagnoses of sexual abuse. Through the Stockholm Region administrative database (VAL), data of co-morbidities, number of health care visits, and prescribed drugs were collected for cases (girls age 12–17 with diagnoses of sexual abuse, n = 519) and controls matched for age and socio-economic status (n = 4920) between 2011–2018. Health care consumption and co-morbidities were significantly higher for the cases compared to controls, with a rise 1 year before the diagnoses: the total number of health care visits (including no shows) 1 year prior to the first recording of the diagnosis was 20.4 (18.1–22.7) for the cases and 6.2 (5.8–6.6) for the controls. The most frequent visits 1 year prior to the diagnosis were to outdoor clinics, with a mean value of 19.1 (16.9–21.3) visits for the cases and 5.7 (5.3–6.1) for the controls, followed by psychiatric clinics with a mean value of 12.7 (10.6–14.8) visits for the cases and 2.0 (1.7–2.3) visits for the controls. The least visited health care clinic 1 year prior to the diagnosis was the emergency ward with a mean value of 1.3 (1.1–1.5) visits for the cases and 0.5 (0.4–0.5) visits for the controls. The most common psychiatric co-morbidities registered among the cases during the first year before the diagnosis of sexual abuse were stress, suicide attempt, and psychosis. Neuroleptics, sleeping pills, antidepressants, and tranquilizers were more frequently dispensed in cases than in controls. Similar patterns were found 2 years prior to the diagnosis. We encourage clinicians to actively ask for exposure of sexual abuse in girls with high health care consumption, making early detection and treatment of sexual abuse available as soon as possible.
Distribution of lanthanum carbonate in the gastric mucosa confirmed by electron microscopy with a magnified endoscopy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yamada Takahiro , Oyama Tsuneo , Tomori Akihisa , Takahashi Akiko , Kametani Kiyokazu , Shiozawa Satoshi , Ota Hiroyoshi , Shimoda Tadakazu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe describe the case of a 70-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy undergoing hemodialysis. Four years following hemodialysis, he started taking lanthanum carbonate 1500 mg/day and lansoprazole 30 mg/day. Nine years following hemodialysis, he underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy, which demonstrated the presence of the whitish cobblestone-like mucosa in the gastric corpus and multiple reddish depressed lesions with annular whitish mucosa in the antrum. With magnified narrow-band imaging endoscopy, a yellowish–white substance was observed in the villous structure, and subepithelial vessels were observed on the yellowish–white substance. Biopsies were taken from the whitish cobblestone-like mucosa of the upper corpus, a reddish depressed part of the antrum. Histologically, aggregates of cells containing amphophilic fine granular material were found in the mucosal interstitium. These cells stained positive for CD68 and were identified as histiocytes. Since he had been taking lanthanum carbonate for 5 years, we considered the possibility of histiocyte-mediated phagocytosis of lanthanum. Digital mapping via scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry showed the presence of lanthanum and phosphorus in the interstitium and cytoplasm of histiocytes. The white, rough mucosa in the gastric body appeared 6 months following the commencement of lanthanum administration and still exists 3 years and 5 months after discontinuation of lanthanum.
Studies on the removal of copper ions from industrial effluent by Azadirachta indica powder
Authors: Al Moharbi Suhair Saif , Devi M. Geetha , Sangeetha B. M. , Jahan Shah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRapid industrialization, urbanization and population growth have resulted in air, water and land pollution. Water pollution is a major concern across the globe. Discharge of huge amount of industrial wastewater adversely affects the human and environment. Heavy metal pollution is considered to be one of the serious environmental problems today. Due to strict environmental regulations in the country, it is required to bring down the pollution level to a permissible limit. The present study assessed the capability of Azadirachta indica (neem leaf) powder as a natural adsorbent in the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. The characterization of the adsorbent was performed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Series of batch experimental studies were carried out by changing the solution pH, stirring time, adsorbent dosage and stirring speed in the removal of copper from aqueous solution using A. indica as biosorbent. The experimental result shows that the percentage removal of copper was highest at the following optimized conditions: pH 7.0, stirring time 60 min and biosorbent dosage of 1.0 g and at 125 RPM speed. The studies indicate that A. indica is considered to be a promising type of biomass for the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions.
Bi-Labeled LDA: Inferring Interest Tags for Non-famous Users in Social Network
Authors: He Jun , Liu Hongyan , Zheng Yiqing , Tang Shu , He Wei , Du Xiaoyong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUser tags in social network are valuable information for many applications such as Web search, recommender systems and online advertising. Thus, extracting high quality tags to capture user interest has attracted many researchers’ study in recent years. Most previous studies inferred users’ interest based on text posted in social network. In some cases, ordinary users usually only publish a small number of text posts and text information is not related to their interest very much. Compared with famous user, it is more challenging to find non-famous (ordinary) user’s interest. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic topic model,Bi-Labeled LDA,to automatically find interest tags for non-famous users in social network such as Twitter. Instead of extracting tags from text posts, tags of non-famous users are inferred from interest topics of famous users. With the proposed model, the formulation of social relationship between non-famous users and famous user is simulated and interest tags of famous users are exploited to supervise the training of the model and to make use of latent relation among famous users. Furthermore, the influence of popularity of famous user and popular tags are considered, and tags of non-famous users are ranked based on random walk model. Experiments were conducted on Twitter real datasets. Comparison with state-of-the-art methods shows that our method is more superior in terms of both ranking and quality of the tagging results.
Deliberative Innovationen in Japan angesichts demokratischer Herausforderungen
Authors: Hüstebeck Momoyo 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungWie anderen etablierten Demokratien wird auch Japan eine Demokratiekrise attestiert. Das politische System weist neben der unter der jetzigen Regierung im Fokus stehenden Beschneidung von Freiheitsrechten weitere Demokratieschwächen wie eine geringe Wahlbeteiligung oder eine mangelnde horizontale Gewaltenkontrolle auf. Um der (partiellen) Krise der repräsentativen Demokratie zu begegnen, wird in der deutsch- sowie englischsprachigen Forschung die Implementation von demokratischen Innovationen diskutiert. Sie werden hier als top-down implementierte innovative Beteiligungsformen an institutionellen politischen Entscheidungsfindungen verstanden. Entsprechend der normativen Erwartung, der Demokratiekrise mit demokratischen Innovationen entgegenwirken zu können, wird deren Beitrag zur Demokratiequalität im vorliegenden Artikel am Beispiel Japans untersucht. Qualitative Evaluationskriterien aus Konzepten zur Demokratiequalität und demokratischen Innovationen finden dabei Anwendung auf japanische Fallbeispiele. Aus der Vielzahl von innovativen Partizipationsverfahren, die auch in Japan insbesondere Kommunen seit den 1990er Jahren implementierten, werden exemplarisch zwei deliberative Methoden evaluiert. Lokale Planungszellen (mini-publics) als eines der hier betrachteten Verfahren sind die weitverbreitetste Deliberationsform in Japan. Die erste nationale Deliberative Poll von 2012 dient als zweites Fallbeispiel. Die japanische Regierung initiierte sie unter dem Eindruck des Reaktorunfalls, um ein öffentliches Meinungsbild zur zukünftigen Energiestrategie Japans zu erhalten. Anhand der empirisch herausgearbeiteten demokratischen Stärken und Schwächen lässt sich folgern, dass demokratische Innovationen zwar als zusätzliche Partizipationsverfahren punktuell die Qualität einer repräsentativen Demokratie (wie z. B. durch das Empowerment von Bürgern) verbessern, jedoch in ihrer Wirkung als ein Allheilmittel gegen die Demokratiekrise beschränkt sind.
Relevance of SYNTAX score for assessment of saphenous vein graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Li Jia‐Hui , Song Xian‐Tao , Yang Xue‐Yao , Zhang Wen‐Yi , Xing Hao‐Ran 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify risk factors of saphenous vein graft (SVG) failure and to investigate the utility of anatomical SYNTAX score (SS) and SYNTAX score II (SS‐II) in predicting SVG failure.MethodsA total of 598 patients who underwent angiography for clinical reasons after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were included. Baseline data and factors related to SVG failure were analyzed at the patient and graft levels. Patients were divided in tertiles by anatomical SS and in three groups by SS‐II revascularization recommendation, and SVG patency was analyzed across these groups.ResultsPatency rates were similar in all SS‐stratified and SS‐II recommendation groups within 1, 5, and 10 years after CABG. At the patient level, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level <7.0 mmol/L was less common in SVG failure (68.0% vs. 76.2%). At the graft level, patients with SVG failure tended to have angiography later (4.0 years vs. 3.0 years), poorer FBG control (FBG <7.0 mmol/L: 68.2% vs. 74.7%), and more grafts anastomosed to the right coronary system (59.2% vs. 47.4%). Longer time interval after CABG was related to SVG failure both at the patient and graft levels, and odds ratio (OR)/P values (OR/P) were 1.282/0.029 and 1.384/0.016, respectively. Using independent graft and grafting to the right artery system as risk factors at the graft level, OR/Ps were 3.094/0.000 and 2.524/0.000, respectively.ConclusionsLonger time interval after CABG, independent grafts, and grafting to the right artery system are associated with SVG failure. Anatomical SS or SS‐II may not be reasonable tools for predicting SVG failure.
Effect of aspect ratio variation on subsonic aerodynamics of cascade type grid fin at different gap-to-chord ratios
Authors: Tripathi M. , Sucheendran M.M. , Misra A. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper dwells upon investigating the effect of aspect ratio (AR) variation on the aerodynamic performance of unconventional control surfaces called grid fins by virtue of a series of subsonic experiments on a simplified grid fin variant called the cascade fin. Wind tunnel tests were performed for differentAR(variable span) grid fins. The same had been investigated for different gap-to-chord ratio (g/c) variants. Results demonstrated a tangible increase in the aerodynamic efficiency as well as stall angle reduction for higherAR. Moreover, higherARleads to increased pitching moment, which emphasizes elevated hinge moment requirements. The study ensued the presence of higher deviation between the lowARfins, that is$AR<2$compared to the pertinent deviations between the highARfins, that is$AR\geq2$. The effect associated with these variations was termed as span effect in this paper. It was established that, the deviations arising due to this phenomena were lesser for higherg/cand higherAR. The analysis ofARvariation for differentg/cpresented a limiting value ofARreduction for stall performance enhancement. Thus, optimised selection of theg/candARvalues can lead to enhanced aerodynamic efficiency alongside an improved stalling characteristic.
Human Leukocyte Antigen Genotype as a Marker of Multiple Sclerosis Prognosis
Authors: Lysandropoulos Andreas P. , Perrotta Gaetano , Billiet Thibo , Ribbens Annemie , Du Pasquier Renaud , Pot Kreis Caroline , Maggi Pietro , Théaudin Marie 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT:Objective:In a previous pilot monocentric study, we investigated the relation between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression over 2 years. HLA-A*02 allele was correlated with better outcomes, whereas HLA-B*07 and HLA-B*44 were correlated with worse outcomes. The objective of this extension study was to further investigate the possible association of HLA genotype with disease status and progression in MS as measured by sensitive and complex clinical and imaging parameters.Methods:Hundred and forty-six MS patients underwent HLA typing. Over a 4-year period of follow-up, we performed three clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments per patient, which respectively included Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale, Timed-25-Foot-Walk, 9-Hole Peg Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Brief Visual Memory Test, California Verbal Learning Test-II, and whole-brain atrophy, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesion volume change and number of new FLAIR lesions using icobrain. We then compared the clinical and MRI outcomes between predefined HLA patient groups.Results:Results of this larger study with a longer follow-up are in line with what we have previously shown. HLA-A*02 allele is associated with potentially better MS outcomes, whereas HLA-B*07, HLA-B*44, HLA-B*08, and HLA-DQB1*06 with a potential negative effect. Results for HLA-DRB1*15 are inconclusive.Conclusion:In the era of MS treatment abundance, HLA genotype might serve as an early biomarker for MS outcomes to inform individualized treatment decisions.
Galerkin Weighted Residual Method for Axially Functionally Graded Shape Memory Alloy Beams
Authors: Kang Z. T. , Wang Z. Y. , Zhou B. , Xue S. F. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper focus on the mechanical and martensitic transformation behaviors of axially functionally graded shape memory alloy (AFG SMA) beams. It is taken into consideration that material properties, such as austenitic elastic modulus, martensitic elastic modulus, critical transformation stresses and maximum transformation strain vary continuously along the longitudinal direction. According to the simplified linear SMA constitutive equations and Bernoulli-Euler beam theory, the formulations of stress, strain, martensitic volume fraction and governing equations of the deflection, height and length of transformed layers are derived. Employing the Galerkin’s weighted residual method, the governing differential equation of the deflection is solved. As an example, the bending behaviors of an AFG SMA cantilever beam subjected to an end concentrated load are numerically analyzed using the developed model. Results show that the mechanical and martensitic transformation behaviors of the AFG SMA beam are complex after the martensitic transformation of SMA occurs. The influences of FG parameter on the mechanical behaviors and geometrical shape of transformed regions are obvious, and should be considered in the design and analysis of AFG SMA beams in the related regions.
Populism, Nationalism, and Party Politics
Authors: Stroschein Sherrill 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent political events have forced an examination of ideologies of populism and nationalism in politics. In this piece, I examine literature on the post-2016 political context to illustrate why the rise of identity-based politics has surprised analysts. An understanding of identity-based parties requires a focus on both theformsby which they navigate electoral and party systems, and thecontentof their rhetorical appeals to publics. I consider the electoral and party systems literature, and indicate some reasons that majoritarian electoral systems are more likely to foster the dominance of identity-based politics. In such systems, large parties might become weaponized by extremist elements, and lack the potential for checks from new parties. In addition, presidential systems lack a mechanism for no confidence votes, and might also have weak checks on an extremist executive. In terms of content, populism and nationalism might draw differing boundaries to include or exclude perceived elites. However, they can otherwise align in terms of their stances against “Others,” and against individualistic or technocratic stances that may fall under the label of “liberalism.” Nationalism and populism are not simply ideologies, but can be used as strategies by elites who can successfully deploy these mobilizing rhetorical appeals.
Metabolically healthy general and abdominal obesity are associated with increased risk of hypertension
Authors: Zhao Yang , Qin Pei , Sun Haohang , Liu Yu , Liu Dechen , Zhou Qionggui , Guo Chunmei , Li Quanman , Tian Gang , Wu Xiaoyan , Hu Dongsheng , Sun Xizhuo , Zhang Ming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMetabolically healthy obesity refers to a subset of obese people with a normal metabolic profile. We aimed to explore the association between metabolically healthy and obesity status and risk of hypertension among Chinese adults from The Rural Chinese Cohort Study. This prospective cohort study enrolled 9137 Chinese adults without hypertension, type 2 diabetes or treatment for lipid abnormality at baseline (2007–2008) and followed up during 2013–2014. Modified Poisson regression models were used to examine the risk of hypertension by different metabolically healthy and obesity status, estimating relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI. During 6 years of follow-up, we identified 1734 new hypertension cases (721 men). After adjusting for age, sex, smoking and other confounding factors, risk of hypertension was increased with metabolically healthy general obesity (MHGO) defined by BMI (RR 1·75, 95 % CI 1·02, 3·00) and metabolically healthy abdominal obesity (MHAO) defined by waist circumference (RR 1·51, 95 % CI 1·12, 2·04) as compared with metabolically healthy non-obesity. The associations between metabolically healthy and obesity status and hypertension outcome were consistent after stratifying by sex, age, smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity. Both MHGO and MHAO were associated with increased risk of hypertension. Obesity control programmes should be implemented to prevent or delay the development of hypertension in rural China.
Earliest North American articulated freshwater acanthomorph fish (Teleostei: Percopsiformes) from Upper Cretaceous deposits of Alberta, Canada
Authors: Murray Alison M. , Brinkman Donald B. , Newbrey Michael G. , Neuman Andrew G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFossil material from the Maastrichtian part of the Scollard Formation is identified as belonging to an acanthomorph fish. An articulated specimen, preserved in part and counterpart, is a member of the paracanthopterygian order Percopsiformes, based on it having a full neural spine on the second preural centrum and two epurals in the caudal skeleton (both paracanthopterygian characters), as well as six branchiostegal rays and an anterodorsal excavated margin on the opercle (percopsiform characters). We name this as a new genus and species,Lindoeichthys albertensis. A phylogenetic analysis with no prior constraints recovered a single most-parsimonious tree with the new taxon placed as the sister group to a clade containing the Palaeocene Montana genusMcconichthys+ Percopsidae. However, this analysis did not recover the traditional percopsiforms (including Aphredoderidae and Amblyopsidae) as monophyletic. A second analysis, in which we constrained the traditional members of the Percopsiformes to be monophyletic, resulted in the new species being placed as the sister group toPercopsis. The articulated percopsiform specimen from the Pisces Point locality allows isolated dentaries from vertebrate microfossil localities to be identified as being from a member of that group. These isolated elements first appear in the late Campanian Judith River Group of Alberta and the Kaiparowits Formation of Utah, documenting that percopsiform fishes were present in the Western Interior of North America at least 75 Ma ago.
First report of pre-Hispanic Fasciola hepatica from South America revealed by ancient DNA
Authors: Beltrame María Ornela , Pruzzo Cesar , Sanabria Rodrigo , Pérez Alberto , Mora Matías Sebastián 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is generally assumed that the digenean human liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, gained entry to South America during the 15th century upon arrival of Europeans and their livestock. Nonetheless in Patagonia, Argentina, digenean eggs similar to F. hepatica have been observed in deer coprolites dating back to 2300 years B.P. The main objective of our present study was to identify and characterize these eggs using an ancient DNA (aDNA) study. Eggs were isolated and used for aDNA extraction, amplification and sequencing of partial regions from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 mitochondrial genes. Also, phylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian and maximum likelihood. Our results confirm the presence of F. hepatica in South America from at least 2300 years B.P. This is the first report and the first aDNA study of this trematode in South America prior to the arrival of the European cattle in the 15th century. The present work contributes to the study of phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical aspects of F. hepatica and its settlement across America.
Louise Audino Tilly: an appreciation
Authors: Cohen Miriam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLouise Audino Tilly, who died on March 2, 2018, enjoyed a relatively short twenty-five year career as a historian. But Tilly left an enduring imprint through her example and through her scholarship on the history of women and work, on the social and economic circumstances affecting collective action, and on the connections between demographic changes and family life. In more recent decades, several generations of historians have benefitted from the road maps she left pointing the way for emerging work on the connections between micro-level analysis and national and international histories of social change.