bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Minority Disparities in the Epidemiology of Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in a Representative Area of China
Authors: Ye Jun Zhao , Lin Li Min , Shao Cong Xiang , Mo Sui Lin , Ye Miao Sheng , Li Xiao Yi , Li Qing , Wang Wen Geng , Zheng Qiao Cong , Luo Ke , Zhang Yi , Tu Shou Wei , Che Dai Tuan , Gong Ru Long , Chen Xing , Miu Rong , Sun Yan Hong , Wu Ting Feng , Zhong Bi Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the differences in clinical features and lifestyle between Han and ethnic minority populations in Guangdong Province, China and their impacts on the ever‐growing burden of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional investigation in Guangdong Province, China, one of the most densely populated areas with imbalanced development, multistage stratified random sampling was used. Demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle data of participants were collected. Assessment of hepatic steatosis and liver stiffness measurement were performed.ResultsA total of 7287 individuals were recruited, including 7076 Han and 211 ethnic minority individuals, with similar MASLD prevalence between the two groups (35.8% vs 34.6%, p = 0.771). More ethnic minority individuals presented advanced fibrosis (≥ F3) overall and in subgroups of overweight/obesity, lean/normal weight, and males, but less advanced fibrosis in females and age of 30–34 years (all p < 0.05) than the Han Chinese. Proper physical activity was associated with a reduced risk of MASLD (Han: odds ratio [OR] 0.64, p = 0.021; ethnic minority: OR 0.06, p = 0.017). Sufficient sleep, drinking tea, and dietary fiber intake were protective factors for MASLD, while long sedentary duration, midnight snacks, dining out, and excessive intake of salt, red meat, and sugar were associated with a higher risk of MASLD in Han Chinese only.ConclusionsThere was a strikingly high burden of MASLD in the ethnic minority in Guangdong Province, China, and their lifestyle differences compared with Han Chinese may contribute to the epidemic surge of MASLD.
Predictive Role of FDG PET‐CT in Localised Rectal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Lew Leslie Zhi Wei , Mac Curtain Benjamin M. , Siew Teck , Ng Zi Qin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRectal carcinoma (RC) has high incidence and rate of recurrence. Currently, routine 18‐ fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET‐CT) is not recommend for routine monitoring for post RC treatment. We examined the utility of FDG PET‐CT for the prognostication of patients with RC and what FDG PET‐CT metrics are of value.MethodsPubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane (Central) were comprehensively searched till 19 May 2024. A modified Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to assess for study bias. We presented our systematic review alongside pooled hazard ratios (HR) for maximum standardised uptake values (SUV) as a predictor of disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsEleven papers including 771 patients were included in our systematic review. Considering the current evidence, there is potential to consider percentage change in SUVmax, TLG, MTV, and lymph node highest peak SUV as possible predictors of outcome for localised non metastatic rectal carcinoma.ConclusionsPooled meta‐analysis of three homogenous parameters examines the relationship of SUVMax and survival, and did not demonstrate correlation with survival outcomes. The overall pooled hazard ratio for pretreatment SUVMax to DFS was 0.69, CI (0.29–1.63). The overall pooled HR for post treatment SUVMax to DFS was 0.88, CI (0.43–1.81), and posttreatment SUVMax to OS was 1.73, CI (0.34–8.66). Post treatment FDG PET‐CT may have a role to play in the prognostic evaluation of RC patients; however, further data is required.
The Impact of Toll‐Like Receptor 5 on Liver Function in Age‐Related Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Kim Dong‐Hyun , Go Hye Sun , Jeon Eun Jae , Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang , Kim Da Yeon , Park Hansung , Eom Hyo‐Ji , Kim Sung Young , Park Sang Chul , Cho Kyung A 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTToll‐like receptor 5 (TLR5) plays a critical role beyond its traditional function in innate immunity, significantly impacting metabolic regulation and liver health. Previously, we reported that TLR5 activation extends the healthspan and lifespan of aging mice. This study demonstrates that TLR5 deficiency leads to pronounced metabolic abnormalities with age, primarily affecting liver metabolic functions rather than intestinal inflammation. Comprehensive RNA sequencing analysis revealed that TLR5 deficiency induces gene expression changes in liver tissue similar to those caused by the methionine–choline deficient (MCD) diet, particularly affecting lipid metabolism and circadian rhythm‐related genes. TLR5 knockout (TLR5 KO) mice displayed an increased propensity for liver fibrosis and lipid accumulation under the MCD diet, exacerbating liver pathology. Both hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells in TLR5 KO mice were functionally impacted, leading to metabolic dysfunction and fibrosis. These findings suggest that TLR5 could be a significant target for addressing metabolic diseases that arise and worsen with aging. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms by which TLR5 activation extends healthspan could provide valuable insights into therapeutic strategies for enhancing longevity and managing age‐related metabolic disorders.
Preserving Short‐Sward Natural Grasslands May Provide Suitable Foraging Habitat for a Climate‐Threatened Alpine Species Along Ski‐Pistes
Authors: Bettega Chiara , Luciani Pietro , Roseo Francesca , Pedrini Paolo , Leonardi Stefano , Brambilla Mattia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn many mountain regions, tourism represents one of the main sources of income. Winter sports are often prevalent and, in the last decades, infrastructures linked to the ski industry have expanded worldwide in mountain ranges. Mountains are dramatically suffering the effects of climate change, many species are contracting or declining and ski‐pistes are predicted to shrink towards higher elevations. For high‐elevation ecosystems and species, the construction of ski‐pistes is a major issue, impacting on species such as alpine birds already threatened by climate change. Here, by assessing the ultimate drivers of habitat selection during the breeding season, we investigated the impacts of ski‐pistes in the Dolomites on the foraging behaviour of the white‐winged snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis, an iconic alpine bird highly threatened by climate change. Our results show that snowfinches, during the critical period of nestling rearing, prefer to forage on snow patches and short grass on medium slope, characteristics frequently found on the studied ski‐pistes. We also observed a marked effect of the temperature‐solar radiation interaction: snowfinches forage in sunlit areas when ambient temperature is low, while under higher temperatures they prefer shady zones, probably due to specific physiological/thermoregulatory requirements. Foraging snowfinches and ski‐pistes are associated with some shared environmental characteristics. This implies that the impact of ski‐pistes could be mitigated by adequate management targeted at maintaining short‐sward alpine grassland (e.g., through avoidance/reduction of machine grading and controlled grazing) and residual snow patches (preventing the complete levelling of the slope and maintaining shallow depressions in areas with lower solar radiation). Such strategies could contribute to reducing the ecological footprint of current and future ski resorts on alpine ecosystems.
Oedipus without mommy–daddy: How anthropologists pushed psychiatrists to go beyond the Oedipus Complex
Authors: Khan Sanaullah 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe contemporary psychiatric landscape's overreliance on diagnostic classifications and the reliance of psychodynamic approaches on kinship caricatures to treat mental illnesses neglect lived realities and relational experiences of trauma. This makes it necessary to return to the anthropological critique of 20th century psychoanalysis as anthropologists pushed to consider the plurality of ways in which people experience the reverberations of traumas in wider kinship networks. These engagements played a central role in making the case for the “de‐familiarization” of the family by throwing light on lateral kinship formations and fragmentation beyond the nuclear family. Given the rise in biological theories and psychoanalytic explanations for transgenerational trauma, returning to anthropological engagement with early 20th century psychoanalytic theory can enable psychiatrists and mental health professionals to become more aware of the relational experiences of kinship structures and the psychological impacts of their assimilation or fragmentation, without entirely biologizing trauma, nor relying on caricatures of what interpersonal relations ought to be like for psychological well‐being.
The Prognostic Significance of PD‐L1 Expression and Associated Tumor‐Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Supraglottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zvrko Elvir , Kadic Muhedin , Vuckovic Ljiljana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is characterized by diverse profiles of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). We aimed to investigate the potential prognostic role of TILs and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in patients with supraglottic LSCC. The expression of PD‐L1 and TILs was assessed using immunohistochemistry in 39 patients with primary supraglottic LSCC and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and disease‐free survival (DFS). Survival curves were measured using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences in survival between the groups were estimated using the log‐rank test. TIL density was significantly higher in PD‐L1‐positive (combined positive score: CPS ≥ 1) than in PD‐L1‐negative (CPS < 1) patients (p = 0.000). Lower PD‐L1 expression was significantly associated with a locoregional recurrence (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.008). DFS was significantly longer in patients with CPS ≥ 1 than in those with CPS < 1 (Log‐rank test, p = 0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a low CPS (p = 0.003) and positive nodal status (p = 0.012) were statistically significant and independent predictors of malignancy recurrence. PD‐L1 represents a valuable marker for predicting recurrence and shorter survival after definitive therapy.
Making long‐acting treatment work: Tracing connections with extended‐release buprenorphine depot through time
Authors: Gendera Sandra , Lancaster Kari , Rhodes Tim , Treloar Carla 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionHow people connect with opioid agonist treatment is an ongoing concern. Extended‐release buprenorphine depot (BUP‐XR) has been designed with ‘retention’ in mind. It is important to consider what makes a difference to clients in helping them to stay connected to treatment over time.MethodsWe report findings from the third wave of in‐depth interviews with participants (n = 26) in the Community Long‐Acting Buprenorphine (CoLAB) study, tracing accounts of connection, disconnection and reconnection with BUP‐XR since initiation into treatment.ResultsChanging situations in treatment delivery and in people's lives created conditions of possibility for connection and disconnection to treatment. Clients used BUP‐XR in different ways. Personalisation of dosing regimens and stretching out of time between doses was common, creating a sense of stability for some. For others, this flexibility potentiated fragility in treatment connection. Disconnection from BUP‐XR was common, but frequently this was not the ultimate outcome. Treatment connections were shaped by fluctuating life circumstances, with re‐connections imagined, attempted and sometimes realised.Discussion and conclusionsClients' accounts reveal the complexities of how ‘long‐acting’ treatments are made to work over time. Connecting with treatment in the long‐term is a process, contingent on social relations, fluctuating life conditions and systems of care. Rather than treating connection and disconnection as opposites, we suggest seeing these as entangled and fluid elements of an ongoing process. What is needed is an adaptive and emergent conceptualisation of what ‘retention’ in treatment can mean, reflective of how people connect with their treatment and make it work, in practice.
Exploring Local Aspects for a Culturally and Contextually Adapted Family Therapy Training in Cambodia
Authors: Pfautsch Bernhild , Ochs Matthias , Lim Bouyheak , Falicov Celia Jaes 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to further local knowledge production and the ground‐up cultural and contextual competencies needed for family therapy training and practice in Cambodia. First, expert interviews were conducted with Cambodian and international mental health professionals with several years of professional experience in Cambodia (N = 25; 72% Cambodian, 52% female). Current characteristics of Cambodian family life and related problems were identified, as well as aspects of the current reality of mental health services in this Southeast Asian nation, which continue to be counted among the low‐ and middle‐income countries (LAMICs). Second, in a group discussion with four Cambodian trainer experts in family therapy, the cultural and contextual competencies to be developed in the training of Cambodian family therapists were identified. The competencies for incorporating religious beliefs, respecting hierarchical family structures/expressing respect, and competencies for dealing with the cultural imperative of silence/face‐saving appear to be significant. For the trainees, it is precisely here that areas of tension were described—triggered by collusion of their own value systems with those implicit in Western concepts. These moments of alienation should be carefully registered for reflection. The experience of dissonance in relation to certain content and procedures points precisely to the need for adaptation by local experts for the development of culturally appropriate curricula.
Effect of Microstructural Evolution on Ultra‐High‐Cycle‐Fatigue Behavior of Two‐Phase Titanium Alloy Suitable for Ultrasonic Scalpel Applications
Authors: He Zheyu , Xu Junxiao , Cao Fuhua , Cheng Yi , He Hao , Li Yimin , Qin Jianchun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTwo‐phase titanium alloy, pivotal in ultrasonic scalpels, exhibits working dynamics similar to fatigue behavior under axial vibration loading (R = −1) exceeding 20 kHz, with its ultra‐high‐cycle fatigue (UHCF) performance being crucial for clinical applications. This study investigates the UHCF properties of the Ti6Al4V alloy by evaluating microstructure variations and provides insights into the mechanism of nanograin formation and expansion in the internal crack initiation sites. Key findings indicate that a partially recrystallized microstructure (annealed at 650°C) exhibits the highest fatigue life, with enhanced resistance to crack initiation attributed to elongated α grains, moderate texture intensity, and optimal basal slip activation. Internal small‐scale inclusions, which precede deformed α grains, can also serve as initiation sites for cracks in the UHCF regime. The formation of nanograins at crack initiation sites is primarily driven by the slip of basal <a> dislocations, with their subsequent growth influenced by the type of surrounding grain boundaries. This study provides a profound understanding of the relationship between dislocation motion and internal crack initiation in Ti6Al4V alloy, offering valuable insights for optimizing the microstructural design of ultrasonic scalpels to enhance clinical durability.
Comparability of Fatigue Strength and Life Estimation of a CF‐PEKK Composite Under Low and Ultrasonic Frequencies Using Time‐Temperature‐Based Approaches
Authors: Premanand Aravind , Schimmelpfeng Hanna , Balle Frank 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPredicting very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) life in composites is challenging due to the lengthy testing times required by traditional methods. Ensuring compatibility between VHCF and high cycle fatigue (HCF) data presents an additional challenge. This investigation examines CF‐PEKK fatigue behavior under low and ultrasonic cyclic frequencies using a thermographic approach and the fracture fatigue entropy (FFE) concept. Constant‐amplitude fatigue (CAF) and increasing‐amplitude fatigue (IAF) tests were conducted, with self‐heating behavior analyzed for different loading conditions. Heat dissipation rates from IAF experiments and fatigue data from three CAF experiments at 40 Hz and three at 20 kHz were used to calculate FFE values. Results showed that the self‐heating response of CF‐PEKK specimens helps achieve comparable fatigue data across frequencies, with consistent FFE ranges identified between HCF and VHCF regimes. This consistency highlights that FFE can provide reliable fatigue life estimation for composites.
Morphological characteristics of normal and oily skin in different phototypes
Authors: de Cássia Pavezi Júlia , Kakuda Letícia , Campos Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveA better understanding of the different skin types is very important as a support for the development of more specific cosmetics. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological characteristics of normal and oily skin in different phototypes by biophysical and skin imaging techniques.MethodsSeventy‐seven females, aged 18–32 years, phototypes II–V, with oily or normal skin, participated in the study. Instrumental measurements in terms of skin surface sebum and hydration, transepidermal water loss, pore count, skin microrelief, and morphology characteristics of the skin were performed.ResultsThe phototype influenced pore count, sebaceous gland activity and skin topography, and skin oiliness showed higher sebaceous gland activity and pore count. Reflectance confocal microscopy image analysis showed deeper dermal papillae in phototype V, both in oily and normal skin, with a thinner epidermal and granulosum layer in oily skin. In addition, darker phototypes exhibited differences in furrow size and a higher prevalence of polycyclic dermal papillae.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of phototype and skin oiliness for a better understanding of skin characteristics, showing the impact of different skin phototypes on pore count, topography, and morphological characteristics of the skin. Thus, understanding how these factors influence skin can help the development of more targeted and effective cosmetics according to skin type.
Gender Differences in Disease Burden, Symptom Burden, and Quality of Life Among People Living With Heart Failure and Multimorbidity: Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lim Arum , Benjasirisan Chitchanok , Tebay Jordan , Liu Xiaoyue , Badawi Sarah , Himmelfarb Cheryl Dennison , Davidson Patricia M. , Koirala Binu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimHeart failure is a leading cause of hospitalisation and often coexists with seven comorbid conditions on average. This study aimed to examine the gender differences in disease burden, symptom burden, and quality of life among older adults with heart failure and multimorbidity.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThis study utilised a baseline survey from an ongoing cohort study in 2022–2023. Adults aged ≥ 50 years with heart failure and more than one chronic condition were recruited from a university‐affiliated hospital using an electronic patient portal. Disease burden was measured using a modified Disease Burden Impact Scale. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale and EuroQoL‐5D‐5L assessed symptom burden and quality of life. Gender differences in baseline outcomes were examined using Pearson's Chi‐square tests, Welch's t‐tests, and multiple linear regressions.ResultsAmong 353 participants who completed the baseline survey, the mean (±SD) age was 70 (±9.5) years, and 50.1% were women (mean age: 67 ± 9 vs. men: 72 ± 10). In adjusted models, women had 4.9 points higher disease burden (p = 0.003) and reported higher symptom scores of pain (p = 0.018), tiredness (p = 0.021), nausea (p = 0.007), and loss of appetite compared to men (p = 0.036). Women had significantly more moderate/severe problems in usual activities and pain/discomfort and 0.07 points lower EuroQoL index than men (p = 0.010).ConclusionsThere were gender differences in disease/symptom burdens and quality of life. Women living with heart failure and multimorbidity had higher burdens but lower quality of life.ImpactIdentifying gender differences among people with heart failure and multimorbidity can be the first step to explaining health disparities. Research should take more inclusive and equitable approaches to address these differences. Healthcare providers, including nurses, should implement targeted strategies for effective multimorbidity management by considering these differences and disparities in clinical settings.Reporting MethodSTROBE checklist, cross‐sectional.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
The impact of horizontal mergers on suppliers' cash holdings
Authors: Upson James E. , Wei Chao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe examine the impact of customer horizontal mergers on suppliers' cash holdings. We show that suppliers strategically reduce their cash holdings after the merger to counteract the increased bargaining power of merged customers. This effect is more pronounced when the supplier relies on customers and less when the supplier operates in a concentrated industry. Consistent with the bargaining power hypothesis of cash holdings, we find that cash‐reducing suppliers experience higher postmerger cash‐flow margins. Finally, we show that suppliers are more likely to use cash reserves to finance their research and development investments to credibly reduce liquidity.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Software to Identify Emotions of Lung Cancer Patients in Preoperative Health Education: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Xiaoxue , Xin Ziya , Yang Dong , Song Xinyuan , Zhong Jiudi , Weng Jiahuan , Zhang Yongxue , Liu Dandan , Min Wang , Lu Kang , Juan Yuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAim(s)To determine the correlation between preoperative health education and the emotions of lung cancer patients, artificial intelligence software was used.DesignThis was a cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis study included 210 lung cancer patients from Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center and examined the impact of health education on patient emotions using an AI‐based emotion analysis tool.ResultsThis study indicated a significant relationship between the tone and emotional content of health education materials and patient emotions. Specifically, educational materials with an explanatory tone and negative sentiment appeared to impact patients' emotional states.ConclusionQuality improvements in health education can potentially benefit lung cancer patients' emotional well‐being by minimizing the use of both explanatory tone and negative sentiment in educational content.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThis research suggests that the careful crafting of health education materials, taking into consideration tone and emotional expressions, can have a tangible positive effect on the emotional state of lung cancer patients.Reporting MethodThe study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patients, service users, caregivers, or members of the public were involved in the design, conduct, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data for this study, nor were they involved in writing the manuscript.