bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local ancestry inference provides insight into Tilapia breeding programmes
Authors: Avallone Alex , Bartie Kerry L. , Selly Sarah-Louise C. , Taslima Khanam , Campos Mendoza Antonio , Bekaert Michaël 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTilapia is one of the most commercially valuable species in aquaculture with over 5 million tonnes of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, produced worldwide every year. It has become increasingly important to keep track of the inheritance of the selected traits under continuous improvement (e.g. growth rate, size at maturity or genetic gender), as selective breeding has also resulted in genes that can hitchhike as part of the process. The goal of this study was to generate a Local Ancestry Interence workflow that harnessed existing tilapia genotyping-by-sequencing studies, such as Double Digest RAD-seq derived Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism markers. We developed a workflow and implemented a suite of tools to resolve the local ancestry of each chromosomal locus based on reference panels of tilapia species of known origin. We used tilapia species, wild populations and breeding programmes to validate our methods. The precision of the pipeline was evaluated on the basis of its ability to identify the genetic makeup of samples of known ancestry. The easy and inexpensive application of local ancestry inference in breeding programmes will facilitate the monitoring of the genetic profile of individuals of interest, the tracking of the movement of genes from parents to offspring and the detection of hybrids and their origin.
Ultra-fast kinematic vortices in mesoscopic superconductors: the effect of the self-field
Authors: Cadorim Leonardo Rodrigues , de Oliveira Junior Alexssandre , Sardella Edson 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWithin the framework of the generalized time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations, we studied the influence of the magnetic self-field induced by the currents inside a superconducting sample driven by an applied transport current. The numerical simulations of the resistive state of the system show that neither material inhomogeneity nor a normal contact smaller than the sample width are required to produce an inhomogeneous current distribution inside the sample, which leads to the emergence of a kinematic vortex–antivortex pair (vortex street) solution. Further, we discuss the behaviors of the kinematic vortex velocity, the annihilation rates of the supercurrent, and the superconducting order parameters alongside the vortex street solution. We prove that these two latter points explain the characteristics of the resistive state of the system. They are the fundamental basis to describe the peak of the current–resistance characteristic curve and the location where the vortex–antivortex pair is formed.
Obese cardiogenic arrest survivors with significant coronary artery disease had worse in-hospital mortality and neurological outcomes
Authors: Sung Chih-Wei , Huang Chien-Hua , Chen Wen-Jone , Chang Wei-Tien , Wang Chih-Hung , Wu Yen-Wen , Chen Wei-Ting , Chang Jia-How , Tsai Min-Shan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiogenic arrest is the major cause of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), accounting for 20% of all deaths annually. The association between obesity and outcomes in cardiac arrest survivors is debatable. However, the effect of obesity on the prognosis of patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) successfully resuscitated from cardiogenic arrest is unclear. Thus, the association between body mass index (BMI) and outcomes in cardiogenic arrest survivors with significant CAD was investigated. This multicentre retrospective cohort study recruited 201 patients from January 2011 to September 2017. The eligible cardiogenic arrest survivors were non-traumatic adults who had undergone emergency coronary angiography after sustained return of spontaneous circulation and had significant coronary artery stenosis. BMI was used to classify the patients into underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups (< 18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25.0–29.9, and ≥ 30 kg/m2; n = 9, 87, 72, and 33, respectively). In-hospital mortality and unsatisfactory neurological outcomes (cerebral performance scale scores = 3–5) were compared among the groups. The obese group presented higher in-hospital mortality and unsatisfactory neurological outcome risks than the normal-weight group (in-hospital mortality: adjusted hazard ratio = 4.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.87–12.04, P = 0.008; unsatisfactory neurological outcomes: adjusted odds ratio = 3.33, 95% CI 1.42–8.78, P = 0.009). Subgroup analysis showed significantly higher in-hospital mortality in the obese patients than in the others in each clinical characteristic. In cardiogenic arrest survivors with significant CAD, obesity was associated with high risks of mortality and unsatisfactory neurological recovery.
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection is associated with shorter progression-free survival in advanced melanoma patients
Authors: Marczynski Gabriella Taques , Laus Ana Carolina , dos Reis Mariana Bisarro , Reis Rui Manuel , Vazquez Vinicius de Lima 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBRAF, NRAS and TERT mutations occur in more than 2/3 of melanomas. Its detection in patient’s blood, as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), represents a possibility for identification and monitoring of metastatic disease. We proposed to standardize a liquid biopsy platform to identify hotspot mutations in BRAF, NRAS and TERT in plasma samples from advanced melanoma patients and investigate whether it was associated to clinical outcome. Firstly, we performed digital polymerase chain reaction using tumor cell lines for validation and determination of limit of detection (LOD) of each assay and screened plasma samples from healthy individuals to determine the limit of blank (LOB). Then, we selected 19 stage III and IV patients and determined the somatic mutations status in tumor tissue and track them in patients’ plasma. We established a specific and sensitive methodology with a LOD ranging from 0.13 to 0.37%, and LOB ranging from of 0 to 5.201 copies/reaction. Somatic mutations occurred in 17/19 (89%) patients, of whom seven (41%) had ctDNA detectable their paired plasma. ctDNA detection was associated with shorter progression free survival (p = 0.01). In conclusion, our data support the use of ctDNA as prognosis biomarker, suggesting that patients with detectable levels have an unfavorable outcome.
Dough rheology, antioxidants, textural, physicochemical characteristics, and sensory quality of pizza base enriched with onion (Allium cepa L.) skin powder
Authors: Sagar Narashans Alok , Pareek Sunil 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the present research, wheat flour was replaced with onion skin powder (OSP) in 2%, 3.5%, and 5% concentration along with control to produce different pizza base variants. Prepared pizza doughs and base were investigated for different quality parameters. Rheology revealed that increased concentration of OSP elevated the storage modulus (G’) (solid nature) of pizza doughs. Colour measurement of both the doughs and pizza base exhibited lightness in control (L* 86.46 ± 0.39) and darkness in 5% OSP variant (L* 46.43 ± 0.69). Physicochemical investigation showed no significant difference however, a gradual increase was obtained in fiber, water, and oil holding capacity of pizza base. Texture properties showed that the addition of OSP imparted an increased trend of hardness i.e. 5% OSP variant had maximum hardness (14.87 ± 0.20 N). A higher level of total phenols, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity was obtained in fortified products, which exhibits onion skin as a natural source of antioxidants for functional foods. Sensory evaluation revealed OSP 2% as the most accepted variant in terms of overall acceptability. The storage study of the pizza base revealed that controlled environment was the best-suited atmosphere for a longer shelf-life of pizza base.
Comprehensive biomechanical analysis of three clinically used fixation constructs for posterior malleolar fractures using cadaveric and finite element analysis
Authors: Anwar Adeel , Hu Zhenwei , Adnan Atif , Gao Yanming , Li Bing , Nazir Muhammad Umar , Tian Cong , Wang Yanfeng , Lv Decheng , Zhao Zhi , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Hu , Tong Changgui , Lv Gang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDifferent fixation modalities are available for fixation of posterior malleolar fractures (PMFs), but the best method is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to carry out a comparative biomechanical analysis of three commonly used fixation constructs for PMFs using experimental and finite element analysis (FEA). 15 human cadaveric ankle specimens were randomly divided into three groups. Specimens in group-A were fixed with two anteroposterior (AP) lag screws, group-B with two posteroanterior (PA) lag screws, and for group-C, a posterior plate was used. Each model was subjected to axial load. Outcomes included loads for 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm vertical displacements of posterior fragments were noted. 3D FE models were reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) images and subjected to vertical loads. The model’s stress, fracture step-off, and resultant strains in implants were also studied in 3D FE models. Significantly higher amounts of mean compressive loads were observed to cause the same amount of vertical displacements in plate group (265 ± 60.21 N, 796 ± 57.27 N, 901.18 ± 8.88 N, 977.26 ± 13.04 N) than AP (102.7 ± 16.78 N, 169.5 ± 19.91 N, 225.32 ± 15.92 N, 269.32 ± 17.29 N) and PA (199.88 ± 31.43 N, 362.80 ± 28.46 N, 431.3 ± 28.12 N, 541.86 ± 36.05 N) lag screws respectively (P < 0.05). Simulated micro-motion analysis demonstrated that fracture step-off values in plate group (0.03 ± 0.001 mm, 0.06 ± 0.003 mm and 0.13 ± 0.010 mm) were the lowest among the three groups (P < 0.001). The cancellous bone showed the highest amount of stress in AP and PA lag groups respectively, whereas the lowest stress was noted in the plate-group. This biomechanical study concluded that posterior plating is biomechanically the most stable fixation construct for PMFs fixation. AP and PA lag screws with higher bone stress and fracture step-off values have a high tendency of bone cut-through and loss of fixation respectively.
Study on the opening soil knife cutting soil process of 3PF‐240 small grape covering machine
Authors: Guang‐Chen Xu , Wen‐Wu Zhang , Liang Han , Shi‐Wu Huo 
Published: October 2020

Grape covering machine as key equipment casing mechanised grape winter is drawing more and more attention. To analyse the performance of the grape covering machine, the soil cutting process of opening soil knife with a 3PF‐240 grape covering machine is studied. Based on the finite‐element analysis software ABAQUS, the three‐dimensional dynamic contact non‐linear finite‐element analysis of the soil cutting process was carried out, and the cutting force curve of the cutting tool in the case of the tool was obtained. To verify the correctness of the simulation results, the grounding work of the prototype was carried out. The experimental results show that the established mechanical model of the opening soil knife is correct, which provides a theoretical basis for the further development and optimisation design of the grape cover.
Posteriore Dekompressionstechniken an der Halswirbelsäule bei spondylogener zervikaler Myelopathie
Authors: Schmeiser G. , Kothe R. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Dekompression des cervicalen Rückenmarks ist über einen ventralen oder dorsalen Zugangsweg möglich. Bei cervicaler Myelopathie, der häufigsten Ursache für eine Funktionsstörung des Rückenmarks, bieten sich insbesondere für Multilevelstenosen dorsale Verfahren an. Die Laminektomie mit Fusion stellt das Standardverfahren zur posterioren Dekompression dar, während die alleinige Laminektomie in deutschsprachigen Ländern weitgehend verlassen wurde. Die Indikationsstellung zum dorsalen, ventralen oder kombinierten Zugang wird beispielhaft anhand eines Algorithmus beschrieben. In diesem Artikel werden insbesondere die Operations-Techniken der Laminektomie mit dorsaler Spondylodese und der Laminoplastie beschrieben. Beide Verfahren haben Vor- und Nachteile sowie ein spezifisches Risikoprofil, insbesondere bez. postoperativer Nackenschmerzsymptomatik, C5-Parese und Infektionsneigung. Die Indikation zur Laminoplastie sollte nur bei beweglicher HWS und natürlicher Lordose gestellt werden, das Standardverfahren der Laminektomie mit Fusion kennt diese Einschränkung nicht.Dorsale Dekompressionsverfahren an der Halswirbelsäule können bei richtiger Indikationsstellung mit einem niedrigen Risikoprofil sicher angewandt werden.
Bandscheiben-Prothese bei zervikaler Myelopathie
Authors: Mehren Christoph , Storzer Bastian 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie klinische Diagnose einer zervikalen Myelopathie kann sich aus einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Pathologien an der Halswirbelsäule ergeben. Die sich daraus ableitenden operativen Behandlungsoptionen sind ebenso vielfältig und unterscheiden sich sowohl in Bezug auf die Lokalisation des Zugangs (ventral oder dorsal) als auch in der Philosophie eines stabilisierenden-fusionierenden Verfahrens bzw. eines bewegungserhaltenden Verfahrens. Die zervikale Bandscheibenprothese ist v. a. im Bereich der degenerativen Bandscheibenerkrankungen eine inzwischen anerkannte Operationsmethode mit sehr guten klinischen Ergebnissen auch im Langzeit-Follow-up. Unter Berücksichtigung der Kontraindikationen kann diese auch eine zuverlässige Option bei der operativen Behandlung einer zervikalen Myelopathie darstellen. Jedoch muss klar festgehalten werden, dass das Vorliegen einer Myelopathie in den meisten Fällen auf Pathologien beruht, die eine Non-Fusion-Philosophie nicht zulassen.
Differential functional connectivity underlying asymmetric reward-related activity in human and nonhuman primates
Authors: Lopez-Persem Alizée , Roumazeilles Léa , Folloni Davide , Marche Kévin , Fouragnan Elsa F. , Khalighinejad Nima , Rushworth Matthew F. S. , Sallet Jérôme 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Lateralization of functions in the brain has been demonstrated in many different cognitive processes. It is supposed to increase processing abilities by reducing bilateral redundancy. Yet lateralization of reward processing, despite extremely common asymmetrical findings, has received little attention. Our neuroimaging study shows a functional lateralization of the response to reward in the lateral part of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), together with an asymmetric functional connectivity pattern. This particular feature was identified not only in humans but also in nonhuman primates. Our findings challenge the classical view of the OFC as a symmetrical brain region. They are urging the need for considering the specific contribution of the left and right OFC when investigating reward-related signals.
A CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies mitochondrial translation as an essential process in latent KSHV infection of human endothelial cells
Authors: Holmes Daniel L. , Vogt Daniel T. , Lagunoff Michael 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma, one of the most common neoplasms in sub-Saharan Africa. There is no direct treatment for the latent state of the virus in tumors. Therefore, we sought to identify host cell targets essential to support proliferation and survival of cells latently infected with KSHV. A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen to test the requirement of all human genes during KSHV latency identified host factors involved in mitochondrial translation as necessary for proliferation of latently infected endothelial cells. Antibiotics targeting bacterial ribosomes are able to selectively inhibit the proliferation of KSHV latently infected cells. Our findings provide insights into the essential function of mitochondria during latent KSHV infection.
The effect of sport training on otolith function in adults with profound sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Zarrinkoob Homa , Bayat Arash , Kaka Nasim 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
It seems that regular physical activity leading to favourable alternations in the bodily system, including improved muscle mass, as well as better postural control. This study aims to assess the effect of strenuous training program on balance function in deaf adults.

Methods
During a cross-sectional design, 50 deaf patients and 22 healthy adults (with no history of vertigo and hearing loss) were included. Deaf patients were also classified as “non-athletes” and “athletes” groups. The vestibular (Otolith) function testing was carried out using the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP).

Results
The mean p13 latency and p13-n23 amplitude of cVEMPs in the control group were significantly shorter, and larger than the deaf groups, respectively. Furthermore, the mean p13-latency in “athletes deaf” group was significantly earlier than the “non-athletes deaf” group. The p1 and n1 oVEMP peak latencies were significantly prolonged in deaf patients than the controls. The comparison of the asymmetry ratio between the control and deaf groups was significant only for the cVEMP response.

Conclusion
Our results indicated that otolithic dysfunction is a common and hidden problem in the deaf population. Strenuous sport training in adults can be considered as an effective therapeutic intervention to stimulate vestibular function in deaf patients.
Automated method for measuring the energy gap of p–n junction semiconductor diodes with the temperature–voltage method
Authors: Klonkratog Bhanupol , Somdock Nuttakrit , Damrongsak Pattareeya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
An automated system for measuring the energy gap E
g of a p–n junction semiconductor diodes was presented in this study. The system, based on temperature–voltage (T–V) measurement, was designed and developed as a teaching tool to support teaching for undergraduate students. The energy gap of diodes was measured by varying the diode temperature from 273 to 343 K and by measuring the voltage drop across the diode while the bias current of diodes was kept constant at a specific value. In the proposed system, an Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller was employed to automatically acquire the temperature and voltage drop across the diode. T–V data were plotted, and then the slope and intercept were used to calculate the energy gap by a simplified diode equation. In this system, the temperature and voltage of the two diodes were measured simultaneously at different constant bias currents in the range of 10 μA–10 mA. The average E
g value of 1.22 eV obtained in this work is in good agreement with that reported in the literature.
Direct generation of a circularly polarized TE11 mode in a relativistic backward wave oscillator by loading anisotropic medium
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Song Zhimin , Wang Huihui , Cao Yibing , Wu Ping , Liu Dagang , Sun Jun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) for direct generation of a circularly polarized TE11 mode is proposed. Using a coaxially loaded anisotropic medium with an appropriate longitudinal conductivity, the TM01 mode is effectively suppressed and the TE11 mode successfully stimulated. A dual-resonant reflector is incorporated in the RBWO to effectively reflect the TE11 mode. An isotropic absorber is deployed in front of the dual-resonant reflector to reduce the external Q factor of the TM01 mode and avoid undesired modulation. These distinctive features of the RBWO, allow a circularly polarized TE11 mode output to be obtained. Particle-in-cell simulations show that for a beam voltage of 1.12 MeV and a beam current of 12.3 kA, circularly polarized TE11 mode microwaves with power 3.9 GW and frequency 6.4 GHz can be obtained.
Updated analysis of jet quenching at RHIC and LHC within the light cone path integral approach
Authors: Zakharov B G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present results of a detailed analysis of experimental data on the nuclear modification factor R
AA and the flow coefficient v
2 for light hadrons from RHIC for 0.2 TeV Au + Au collisions and from LHC for 2.76 and 5.02 TeV Pb + Pb, and 5.44 TeV Xe + Xe collisions. We perform calculations within the light-cone path integral (LCPI) approach to induced gluon emission. We use running α
s which is frozen at low momenta at some value

α

s

f
r

. We find that the RHIC data support somewhat larger value of

α

s

f
r

. For the χ
2 optimized values of

α

s

f
r

, the theoretical predictions are in reasonable agreement with data on R
AA and v
2. Calculations made for different formation times and life-times of the QGP show that jet quenching at the RHIC and LHC energies is only weakly sensitive to the initial and final stages of the QCD matter evolution.
Effect of TiO2 arrays on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance for Ag/TiO2 substrates
Authors: Wang Yanfen , Ma Shuai , Yu Hai , Liu Yin , Gao Juan , Yang Lei , Zhang Miao , He Gang , Sun Zhaoqi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ag/TiO2 nanostructure arrays were constructed on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) via a controllable hydrothermal route and a magnetron sputtering method with a variety of TiO2 arrays decorated by Ag nanoparticles. Effects of different TiO2 arrays on the microstructure, composition, and optical properties of the samples were revealed. As surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrates, we discussed the sensitivity and reproducibility of Ag/TiO2 nanostructure arrays for Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecule detection. It was found that TiO2 nanosheet (TiO2(S)) array as a supporting made Ag nanoparticles have a uniform and continuous distribution, which achieved much higher SERS signals. The obtained Ag/TiO2(S) substrate had an improved enhancement factor of 4.31 × 105 compared with the other Ag/TiO2 nanostructure arrays of nanorods, nanotubes, and nanotrees. Furthermore, Ag/TiO2(S) active substrate showed good reproducibility with low relative standard deviation values. Such a remarkable SERS activity could be due to the synergistic effect of electromagnetic enhancement and charge transfer enhancement. Moreover, the TiO2(S) array with high-exposed {101} facets provided a large adhesion area and generated a strong interaction with external atoms, which would produce high-density ‘hot spots’ of SERS.
Controlled synthesis of Fe–Pt nanoalloys using atomic layer deposition
Authors: Ramachandran Ranjith K , Dendooven Jolien , Detavernier Christophe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We report the phase and size-controlled synthesis of Fe–Pt nanoalloys, prepared via a two-step synthesis procedure. The first step is the deposition of bilayers consisting of iron oxide and Pt films of desired thicknesses using atomic layer deposition, followed by a temperature-programmed reduction treatment of the film under H2/N2 atmosphere. This method enables the phase pure synthesis of all three Fe–Pt alloy phases, namely Fe3Pt, FePt, and FePt3, as revealed by in situ x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence measurements. It is also demonstrated that by changing the total thickness of the bilayers while keeping the Pt/(Pt + Fe) atomic ratio constant, the size of the resulting bimetallic nanoparticles can be tuned, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopic measurements.