bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential role of Transient Elastography in assessing patients with Primary Budd Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Webb Muriel , Shibolet Oren , Lurie Yoav , Maor Yakov , Katchman Helena , Philips Adam , Kopelman Yael , Steinberg David , Salomon Ophira 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease defined as hepatic venous outflow obstruction at any level from the hepatic venules up to the cavo-atrial junction. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) is performed as a decompressive treatment in some patients.Aim: To evaluate the potential role of Transient Elastography (TE) in assessing liver stiffness in patients with primary BCS.Methods: Twenty one BCS patients and 10 patients with liver cirrhosis with different underlying etiologies underwent abdominal ultrasound and TE.Results: Ninety-five percent of BCS patients had liver stiffness compatible with F4 with a median of 21 kPa, values which are usually obtained in patients with liver cirrhosis. Ten BCS and 10 cirrhotic patients underwent repeated TE with a median of 320 days between exams for BCS and 4.5 years for cirrhotic patients. The change of liver stiffness in BCS patients was 5.75 kPa (range − 0.4 to 26.6), compared with − 4.85 kPa (range − 15.6 to 15.0) in cirrhotic patients (p-value = 0.0029). Change in liver stiffness from baseline to follow-up in BCS patients who underwent TIPS (n = 4) was 0.2 kPa (range − 0.4 to 15.3), whereas in patients without intervention (n = 6) it was 6.75 kPa (range 1.3 to 26.6). The difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Liver stiffness in BCS patients is a dynamic progressive process with parameters of TE resembling liver cirrhosis. Even if TIPS seem to slow down the increment of liver stiffness, because of decreased liver congestion, it kept most patients with high score. The TE in BCS patients may be considered for monitoring for stable or upfront disease deterioration.
Impact of Two Remineralizing Agents on White Spot Lesions
Authors: Alagha Ebaa Ibrahim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aim of the study: This study evaluated the impact of two remineralizing agents containing casein phosphopeptideamorphous calcium phosphate (CPPACP), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on white spot lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety freshly extracted upper premolars were divided in three equal groups (30 each). Group A: Control group. Group B: Varnish containing CPP–ACP. Group C: Varnish containing TCP. The teeth were subjected to Diagnodent test after inducing white spot lesions to assess any surface changes present on the teeth. The readings were repeated post demineralization and post-remineralization. Results: Statistically significant difference was present in the mean values between the tested groups. CPP-ACP group recorded higher mean value at demineralization when compared to TCP group. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) was present between the baseline and the demineralization values. CPP-ACP group presented higher remineralization results when compared to TCP group. T-test proved a significant difference between the tested groups. Conclusion: CPP-ACP containing varnish had higher remineralizing effect when compared to TCP containing varnish. Clinical Significance: Recently, the focus of restorative dentistry has been directed toward a conservative approach. Prevention and non-restorative treatment of initial enamel caries is the main concern. Remineralization procedures are the most preferred way of regeneration of lost tooth structure.
Clinical Effects of Probiotic or Azithromycin as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Periodontitis Stage III: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Morales Alicia , Contador Rafael , Bravo Joel , Carvajal Paola , Silva Nora , Strauss Franz Josef , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this triple- blind placebo- controlled parallel- arm randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 or azithromycin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with periodontitis stage III.
Methods
Forty-seven systemically healthy participants with periodontitis stage III were recruited. Following SRP, the participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment modalities; 1) placebo (n = 15), 2) probiotics (n = 16) and 3) antibiotics-azithromycin (n = 16). The participants were monitored at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after therapy. Probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and plaque accumulation (PI) were evaluated.
Results
All 47 participants completed the study. At 12 months, all groups showed significant improvements of PPD and PI (p < 0.012) irrespective of the treatment modality and without significant differences between the groups. Probiotics and azithromycin showed no added benefit in terms of CAL. While the placebo (p = 0.002) and the antibiotic-azithromycin (p = 0.002) group showed a significant reduction of BOP, only the placebo group revealed a significant reduction of CAL at 12 months follow-up (p = 0.003). The number of sites and teeth with PPD ≥ 5, ≥6 and ≥ 7 mm were significantly reduced in all groups at 12 months follow-up (p < 0.025) irrespective of the treatment regime and without significant differences between the groups.
Conclusion
The use of probiotics or azithromycin as an adjunct to SRP failed to provide additional benefits in the treatment of periodontitis stage III. The benefits of these two treatment regimes as an adjunct to SRP remain unclear.
Assessment of HRQoL and its Determinants for Kidney Stone Formers
Authors: Ali Zulnorain , Khan Ahmad , Mehmood Tahir , Sami Waqas , el-Amir Zein , Anwar Naveed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Quality of life is the central health-improving goal. Urolithiasis is a complex disease significantly related to disease-related morbidity and impacting patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The study aims to evaluate the HRQoL and markers of HRQoL of kidney stone formers using a disease-specific instrument.
Methods
We compared the HRQoL of kidney stone formers with healthy individuals using Wisconsin stone quality of life (WISQoL) questionnaire. A prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted at different urological settings of Rawalpindi.
Result
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) analysis depicted that compared with healthy individuals stone formers reported statistically significant (p = 0.000) differences in HRQoL in overall health and all the domains of WISQoL i.e. social, emotional, disease impact and impact on vitality. Further regression analysis evaluated that demographic factors, clinical features of the disease and surgical procedure for active removal of stone are also determinants of QoL of stone formers (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
It was concluded that urolithiasis is compromising the patient’s quality of life in all major domains of health and WISQoL was proved to be a reliable disease-specific instrument for the assessment of HRQoL of kidney stone patients.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Trocar-Site Incisional Hernia Detected by Clinical and Ultrasound Examination. Prospective Observational Study​
Authors: Ciscar Ana , Badia Josep Maria , Novell Francesc , Bolivar Santiago , Mans Esther 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Trocar site incisional hernia (TSIH) is the most frequent complication associated with laparoscopic surgery. Few studies currently describe its incidence or risk factors. The aim of this report is to determine the real incidence of TSIH and to identify risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study was performed including consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopic procedure during a four months period. All the patients were assessed both clinically (TSIHc) and by an ultrasonographic examination (TSIHu). The main variable studied was the incidence of TSIH. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors. RESULTS: 76 patients were included. 27.6% of patients were clinically diagnosed as having TSIH (TSIHc) but only 23.7% of those cases were radiologically confirmed (TSIHu). In the logistic regression analysis, age > 70 years (OR 3.462 CI 1.14 - 10.515, p = 0.028) and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 Kg / m2 (OR 3.313 CI 1.037-10.588, p = 0.043) were identified as risk factors for TSIH. The size of the trocar also showed statistically significant differences (p <0.001). Mean follow-up time was 34 months.CONCLUSIONS: TSIH is under-diagnosed due to the lack of related symptomatology and the inadequacy of the postoperative follow-up period. We detected discrepancies between the clinical and ultrasonographic examinations. TSIHu should be considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of TSIH. Risk factors such as age, BMI and size of the trocar were confirmed. Patients should be followed-up for a minimum of 2 years.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been registered in Clinicaltrials.gov, under registration number: NCT04410744.
A correlation study of the effectiveness of renal scintigraphy and sonography in the detection and evaluation of renal disorders
Authors: Alsubhi Maithaa H. , Alghanmi Atheer A. , Alzabidi Yara H. , Bafail Alhanouf K. , Bafaraj Saeed Muhammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This retrospective study was undertaken to assess correlation between renal scintigraphy employing technetium Tc-99m chelated with radiopharmaceutical drug Diethylenetriamine Penta Acetic Acid (DTPA) and renal ultrasonography morphological findings. Methods: For this purpose, ninety six patients imaging data was statistically analyzed including 43 females and 53 males. All the patients were subjected to renal scintigraphy while 68 patients underwent renal ultrasonography. Renal U/S reported anatomical renal anomaly in 94.1% patients versus 85.4% detected by scintigraphy. There were 41 patients out of 68 diagnosed with hydronephrosis and 21 of them were suffering with mild hydronephrosis as suggested by U/S imaging. ﻿Results: Renal scintigraphy of 41 hydronephrotic patients validated that 19 patients having non-obstructive bilateral pelvic dilation while remaining 22 with mild to severe obstruction. Ultrasonography diagnosed 4 patients with renal obstruction. Conversely, renal scintigraphy validated 2 of them with renal obstruction on the basis of renal function. In total, 19 out 96 patients were reported with renal obstruction through scintigraphy and validated obstruction in 1 of the 3 patients who were diagnosed with abnormal postvoid residual volume through U/S. Conclusion: Renal scintigraphy is not significant in diagnosing kidney disease; rather this is a vibrant imaging tool providing supplementary data on the basis of renal function. Effectively targeted intervention regime can be achieved by correlating renal scintigraphy and renal ultrasonography results to minimize renal disease incidence.
Associations Between Preoperative Glucose and Hemoglobin A1c Level and Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Park Jungchan , Oh Ah Ran , Lee Seung-Hwa , Lee Jong Hwan , Min Jeong Jin , Kwon Ji-hye , Kim Jihoon , Yang Kwangmo , Choi Jin-ho , Lee Sang-Chol , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Kim Kyunga , Ahn Joonghyun , Lee Sangmin Maria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPerioperative blood glucose level has shown an association with postoperative outcomes. We compared the incidences of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) and 30-day mortality according to preoperative blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level.methodsThe patients were divided according to blood glucose level within one day before surgery. The poorly-controlled group was defined with fasting glucose > 140 mg/dl or random glucose > 180 mg/dl. Additionally, we compared the outcomes according to HbA1c > 6.5% among patients with available HbA1c within 3 months before surgery. The primary outcome was MINS, and 30-day mortality was also compared.ResultsA total of 12,304 patients was enrolled and divided into 8,324 (67.7%) in the well-controlled group and 3,980 (32.3%) in the poorly-controlled group. After adjustment with inverse probability of weighting, the poorly-controlled group exhibited significantly higher incidences of MINS and 30-day mortality (18.7% vs. 27.6%; odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.42; P < 0.001 and 2.0% vs. 5.1%; hazard ratio [HR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.61–2.49; P < 0.001, respectively). In contrast to blood glucose, HbA1c was not associated with MINS or 30-day mortality.ConclusionPreoperative hyperglycemia was associated with MINS and 30-day mortality, while HbA1c was not. Immediate glucose control may be more crucial than long-term glucose control in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.Trial registration: KCT0004244
Identification of Repurposable Cytoprotective Drugs in Vanishing White Matter Disease Patient-Derived cells
Authors: Ng Neville , Cabral-da-Silva Mauricio Castro , Maksour Simon , Berg Tracey , Engel Martin , Silva Dina M. , Do-Ha Dzung , Lum Jeremy S. , Muñoz Sonia Sanz , Suarez-Bosche Nadia , Stevens Claire H. , Ooi Lezanne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVanishing white matter disease (VWMD) is a rare leukodystrophy caused by mutations of the guanine exchange factor eIF2B that typically presents with juvenile onset. There are few treatments and no cures for the disease. Recent progress in the field has established mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to be strongly implicated in observed glial cell pathology. Drug repurposing offers a rapid approach toward translation of therapeutics with already-licensed drugs. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to use fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes from patients bearing the EIF2B5R113H/A403V or EIF2B2G200V/E213G VWMD mutations to identify potentially repurposable FDA-approved drugs based on in vitro assays. MethodsCell viability in the presence or absence of stress was assessed by resazurin reduction activity assay, mitochondrial membrane potential by TMRE fluorescence, and oxidative stress by H2DCFDA oxidation. Relative eIF2B phosphorylation, GADD34 and CHOP were quantified by fluorescent western blot. ResultsDysregulated GADD34 and CHOP were identified in patient fibroblasts and iPSC-derived astrocytes under induced stress conditions. A drug screen from a 2,400 FDA-approved drug library with EIF2B5R113H/A403V VWMD patient fibroblasts identified 113 anti-inflammatory drugs as a major class of hits with cytoprotective effects. A panel of potential candidate drugs, including berberine, deflazacort, ursodiol, zileuton, guanabenz and Anavex 2-73, and preclinical ISRIB, increased cell survival of EIF2B5R113H/A403V or EIF2B2G200V/E213G VWMD astrocytes, and were further investigated for their effect on the integrated stress response and mitochondrial stress. Ursodiol demonstrated capacity to ameliorate oxidative stress and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in VWMD patient iPSC-derived astrocytes in the presence or absence of stress conditions. ConclusionPatient-derived cells can be used to identify cellular phenotypes and for large-scale drug screening. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as berberine, deflazacort, ursodiol and zileuton are potentially repurposable drug candidates for VWMD that should be further investigated for translation in vivo.
Effects of Quran Recitation on The Reduction of Anxiety Before Elective Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Gavgani Vahideh Zarea , Ghojazadeh Mortaza , Khodapanah Tahmineh , Sadeghi-Ghyassi Fatemeh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Anxiety is a common reaction among patients undergoing surgery. Religious believes are regarded as psychological methods that are used for the management of anxiety. The aim of this study is assessing the effectiveness of Quran recitation on reducing the anxiety before the elective surgery.Methods: A systematic review of the citations in the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, Arab World Research Source and other relevant databases was performed to collect the data. Randomized clinical trials about the effect of Quran recitation on the reduction of anxiety before elective surgery were included without any Language and date restriction. Interventions with self-reading/self-recitation were excluded. The Cochran’s Q statistic and the (I2) with 50 percent threshold was used for calculation of the heterogeneity and the inconsistency index. The funnel plot has been used to evaluate the possibility of the publication bias.Results: We identified 2381 studies from the systematic search. Of these, twelve were included in the qualitative synthesis and nine studies included in the quantitative synthesis. Our meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in the anxiety level with Quran recitation. The heterogeneity of the included studies was statistically significant (Q=23.05, I2=65.29, P=0.003). The pooled effect size of the anxiety was d=−8.893; 95% CI=[−10.763 to −7.022] (P < 0.001), and there was no publication bias (t=0.907, P=0.39) in the studies.Conclusion: Quran recitation can be considered as a non-invasive and peaceful intervention to reduce anxiety before elective surgery.
The Medication Adherence Score: A Predictive Analytic Tool
Authors: Brouwer Tom , Knops Reinoud E. , Burke Martin C. , Reddy Vivek Y. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Poor medication adherence is wide-spread and associated with poor clinical outcomes. Herein, we introduce the Medication Adherence Score, a predictive analytic tool designed to provide clinicians insight into adherence behavior over the subsequent twelve months. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of such scoring of patients at the individual level.
Methods

This is a single arm, non-randomized, 2-center, retrospective cohort study conducted among patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. The model, developed by Fair Isaac Corporation on pharmacy refill data, predicts adherence behavior to cardiovascular drugs using demographic, geographic and socio-economic predictors. The primary outcome was the number of patients that could be scored at the individual level without reliance on past individual refill behavior. The score was normalized between zero (lowest adherence score) and one (highest adherence score) and patients were grouped: low adherence < 0.6, intermediate adherence between 0.6 and 0.8, high adherence > 0.8. The institutional review board approved the study.
Results

A total of 1110 patients were included in the study with a median age of 71 (IQR 63, 79). Most patients (807, 73%) could be scored at the patient level, and the remaining patients (303, 27%) were scored based on characteristics associated with the geography of their home address. There were 488 patients (44%) with a high adherence score (score > 0.8), 382 (34%) with an intermediate adherence score (score between 0.6 and 0.8) and 240 patients (22%) with a low score. Younger patients had on average lower scores than older patients, and males also had higher scores.
Conclusions

The Medication Adherence Score was successfully applied to an unselected group of atrial fibrillation patients: nearly a quarter of the cohort were identified as at risk for non-adherence. Future studies are necessary to assess the association of this predictive analytic model with clinical outcomes.
CellectSeq: In Silico Discovery of Antibodies Targeting Integral Membrane Proteins Combining In Situ Selections of Phage Displayed Synthetic Antibodies and Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Kelil Abdellali , Gallo Eugenio , Adams Jarrett , Moffat Jason , Sidhu Sachdev 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Synthetic antibody (Ab) technologies are efficient and cost-effective platforms for the generation of monoclonal proteomic tools against human antigens. Yet, they typically depend on purified proteins, which exclude from interrogation integral membrane proteins that require the lipid bilayers to support their native form or function. Here, we present a novel Ab discovery strategy, termed CellectSeq, for targeting integral membrane proteins presented on native cells in complex environment. As proof of concept, we targeted the challenging tetraspanin receptor CD151, a target linked to cancer. First, we optimized in situ cell-based selections to enrich Ab pools for antigen-specific binders. Then, we designed novel NGS procedures to explore Ab pools diversities and abundances with enhanced accuracies. Finally, we developed novel motif-based scoring and error filtering algorithms for the comprehensive interrogation of NGS data to identify Abs with high diversities and specificities, even at extremely low abundances. We identified highly selective and diversified Abs against CD151 with abundance as low as 0.00009% for which manual sampling or identification using Abs abundances in NGS data would have been impossible. Here we show that CellectSeq enables the rapid discovery of diversified and selective antibodies against CD151, with implications for other integral membrane proteins and cell-surface receptors.
Predictive and Regenerative Medicine for Humans
Authors: Shun Shun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In human history, finding a cure for the devastating disease of cancer has been a long, ongoing battle. Recently, scientific research has shown several feasible bio-medicinal ways for the treatment of cancer. The first method is through predictive regenerative medicine, which converts (breast) cancer cells back into phenotypically benign cells using continually updated predictions from Bayesian inference models. Another common method is the rewriting of damaged coordinating genes, but this has underlying moral issues — who can authorise the right to alter human genes? To investigate these methods, this paper will discuss elementary point-set topologies, physical gene mapping, and gene sequencing. The main purpose of this paper is to establish a statistical method with the help of mathematics in our biological life science. The proposed method can be applied in the case of manipulating genetic transcription and expression with a suitable Bayesian inference model (for genetic reprogramming). The peak value of cancer cell conversion is its Bayesian regression (based on the model’s parameters) from the corresponding Bayesian inference (for the normal posterior distribution, prior and likelihood). The relevant predictive conditions can be determined from the respective model, which could be used to reveal elements that help cancer cell conversion maximisation/minimisation. Practically, we may apply both of the Bayesian optimisation and the related attribute adjustment (to the Oct4, SoX2, Klf4 and c-Myc transcription factors) that can induce the reprogramming of cancer cells. The expected outcome is that we can biomedical-engine the cancer cells conversion. To go ahead a step, one may apply my proposed Net-Seizing Theory to capture the genetic mutations that underly cancer disease. It is hope that we can design the corresponding universal strategy to heal cancer.