bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-situ neutron diffraction study on the deformation of a TRIP-assisted multi-phase steel composed of ferrite, austenite and martensite
Authors: Lavakumar A , Park M H , Gao S , Shibata A , Okitsu Y , Gong W , Harjo S , Tsuji N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Multi-phase steels showing transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), can exhibit an excellent combination of high strength and good ductility by the aid of martensitic transformation during deformation. Even though TRIP-assisted multi-phase steels have been widely used in industry, the role of each phase in the enhancement of mechanical properties is still unclear given their complicated microstructures. In order to understand better the nature of the TRIP effect, the mechanical interaction between different phases at the micro-scale should be clarified. In the present study, the mechanical behavior of a transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) assisted multi-phase steel, has been characterized by in-situ neutron diffraction during tensile testing. The result of strain partitioning between the different phases obtained from the in-situ neutron analysis revealed that the martensite phase took much more elastic strain than the ferrite and retained austenite phases, which suggests that the work hardening behavior in the present steel is affected by the higher load borne by deformation-induced martensite.
2D/3D local strain analysis of layered metal composites with a strength-ductility synergy
Authors: Li D Y , Huang M , Xia Y P , Xu C , Gan W M , Geng L , Fan G H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A long-standing question is why layered structures can overcome the strength-ductility trade-off and achieve synergy in this relationship. In this paper, layered Ti/Al, Ti/Ti metal materials are taken as examples to investigate the influence of a heterogeneous layered structure on their deformation behavior from a viewpoint of the local strain. In-situ neutron diffraction, DIC and synchrotron radiation tomography were performed to obtain lattice strain evolution (elastic stage), local strain evolution (plastic stage), and crack initiation and propagation (fracture stage), respectively. It is found that strain delocalization is the key to achieving a strength-ductility synergy in layered materials, and that layered structures can influence the local strains from start to failure, which improves strain compatibility between the component layers. In-situ tracking of local strains based on 2D/3D characterization methods during entire deformation process deepens our understanding of the deformation behavior of layered materials.
Grain size effect on deformation mechanisms in Mg-3Gd
Authors: Luo X , Luo J Q , Feng Z Q , Hu F P , Yu T , Berggreen C , Wu G L , Hansen N , Huang X 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mg-3Gd (wt. %) samples were prepared by accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) and subsequent annealing to produce samples with average grain sizes in a wide range from 3.3 μm to 45.1 μm. These samples were tensile tested at room temperature. Dislocation structures and deformation twins in the tested tensile samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Dislocations with different types of Burgers vector were identified based on two-beam diffraction contrast experiments. The results revealed that deformation twins and <a> dislocations are dominant in coarse-grained samples while <c+a> and <a> dislocations characterize the fine grain deformation structure. The transition of deformation mechanisms and its implications for microstructural design and property optimization are discussed.
Comparison of local stress and strain in a heterogeneouslycompressed AA 1050 ring by electron microscopy, microhardness and finite element modelling
Authors: Nielsen C V , Hansen N , Zhang X 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An investigation comparing the local stress and strain in a centimeter-scale heterogeneously-compressed AA 1050 ring under nearly full sticking conditions has been carried out. Three complementary techniques were used, covering multiple length scales from nanometers to tens of millimeters, namely electron microscopy (electron backscatter diffraction), microhardness, and finite element modelling. To underpin the present findings on the centimeter-scale heterogeneous structure, the same techniques were applied in an analysis of the homogeneous microstructure resulting from compression of cylinders of the same original hot-extruded AA 1050 material. The analyses support the idea that the local-region microstructure in a heterogeneous structure evolves in accordance with universal mechanisms and principles established for the deformation microstructure of polycrystalline metals.
Local residual stress in partially recrystallized iron characterized using high resolution electron backscatter diffraction
Authors: Wang T , Jensen D Juul , Godfrey A , Zhang Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recent synchrotron measurements have shown the presence of local residual stress within nearly defect-free grains in partially recrystallized samples. A detailed quantification of such local stress is very important for understanding local boundary migration during recrystallization and for tailoring the microstructure of materials. In this study, we utilize high resolution electron backscatter diffraction (HR-EBSD, Wilkinson’s method) to investigate the local residual stress in recrystallized grains in a sample of partially recrystallized iron. The effects of reference selection on the strain distribution are also discussed.
Investigation of plastic yielding in near-micrometer grain size aluminum using synchrotron microdiffraction
Authors: Zhang C.L. , Godfrey A , Gao W.Q. , Zhang Y.B. , Wu G.L. , Liu W. , Xu R.Q. , Jensen D. Juul 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The onset of plastic yielding has been studied in samples of aluminum with near-micrometer average grain size using in situ tensile loading combined with synchrotron radiation. A white-beam Laue 3D micro-diffraction technique was used allowing the collection of diffraction signal from a volume with a resolution of 1 μm in all three dimensions. The orientation data obtained from the micro-diffraction are used to estimate the local variation in geometrically necessary dislocation density, and correction factors are suggested for voxels where neighbors are missing in either one or two dimensions. The results demonstrate a considerable heterogeneity in deformation in the early stages of plastic deformation.
Design of control system for cover washing machine in the automotive manufacturing industry
Authors: Ardi Syahril , Pratama Fariz Risky 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, it discusses research conducted in the automotive manufacturing industry. In this case that is in the process of manufacturing the two-wheeled vehicle parts cover. In manufacturing the cover parts includes several processes, namely: Melting, Casting, Finishing, Machining, Painting, and Assembling. The washing process is the process of cleaning the chips and coolants that attach to the part, namely by spraying water and wind. The previous washing process used a manual method, namely by dipping the part in a container filled with water and then spraying it clean free of coolant. This method still has drawbacks, namely that there are still coolant marks left in the part. Coolant that has been attached to the part will be difficult to clean when it has dried. We conduct research by designing a cover washing machine that is integrated with the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). In this case, the control system has 60 Input-Output, consisting of 36 inputs and 24 outputs. This machine construction uses the Rotary Table principle, so that the operator’s work becomes more effective. In addition, the results reduce the amount of rejection in the painting process by 5% and increase the amount of production from 400 pieces per day to 700 pieces per day.
Sampled-data control of pan-tilt platform using discrete-time high gain observer
Authors: Ullah Hameed , Malik Fahad Mumtaz , Saeed Anjum , Ali Akbar Zeeshan , Hussain Sajjad 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper we have presented the design of sampled-data control algorithm for Pan-tilt platform using Discrete-time High Gain Observer (DHGO). The Pan-Tilt platform is a 2-axis serial robotic manipulator having a nonlinear dynamic model. The design of the control algorithm is carried out in 2 steps. In 1st steps, a continuous time state feedback control law based on feedback linearization is designed which is subsequently discretized. In the second stage, the states of the system are estimated using DHGO. To evaluate the performance of the suggested algorithm extensive simulations are carried out in Matlab Simulink.
Parametric synthesis of a robust PID-controller for interval control system with aperiodic transient process
Authors: Ezangina T A , Gayvoronskiy S A , Khozhaev I V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper is dedicated to a problem of synthesizing a PID-controller, which provides and aperiodical transient process of desired duration in a control system of the third order with interval parametric uncertainty. To solve the problem, a new method of synthesis was developed. It is based on a decomposing a characteristic polynomial of a considered system in two multipliers: dominant polynomial, which determines allocation of a dominant pole and, consequently, quality of a transient process in a considered system, and non-dominant polynomial, which determines allocation of all other system poles. In order to provide a desired allocation of system poles, parameters of a PID-controller are divided to unrestricted ones and dependent ones. The research resulted in algebraic expressions for calculating dependent parameters of a PID-controller and a system of inequalities for finding its unrestricted parameter. Developed method of a PID-controller parametric synthesis allows placing an interval real dominant pole according to desired control quality and placing all other poles of a system in a desired part of a complex plane to provide necessary degree of a robust pole domination.
Comparative study of three robust observers for automotive damper force estimation
Authors: Pham Thanh-Phong , Sename Olivier , Dugard Luc 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper aims at comparing three robust observers used to estimate the damping force of electrorheological (ER) dampers in a vehicle suspension system. Firstly, a nonlinear quarter-car model, augmented with a first-order dynamical nonlinear damper model, is developed. The first two methods are designed considering the nonlinearity as an unknown input and minimizing the effect of the unknown input disturbances (including a nonlinearity term, the measurement noise and the unknown road profile) on the estimation errors, by using an H2
and H∞
criterion, respectively. The latter method aims at minimizing only the effects of measurement noises and road profiles on the state variable estimation errors by using a H∞
criterion, while the nonlinearity is bounded through a Lipschitz condition. For implementation issue, two low-cost sensors signals (two accelerometers data from the sprung mass and the unsprung mass) are considered as inputs for the observer designs. Then, the observers are implemented in real-time on the INOVE test bench from GIPSA-lab (1/5-scaled real vehicle) to assess and compare experimentally the performances of the approaches. Both simulations and experimental results demonstrate a better effectiveness of the latter observer in terms of the ability of estimating the damper force in real-time despite the nonlinearity, the measurement noises and the road disturbances.
Characterization of damages in materials by computer-aided tap testing
Authors: Oral Imran 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The tap test is an easy and effective way of characterization of flaws and damages in different materials (especially honeycomb sandwich composites). When the tapping is carried out systematically to cover an area, the measured impact duration can be used for generating a “scan image” of the tapped area. Such an instrumented tap test and imaging system can be used for the detection of flaws and damages, for the evaluation of repaired areas and for the verification of normal reinforced substructures. In this study, the images of intact and damaged aluminum honeycomb sandwich composite, pine board and poplar board samples were obtained by using Computer Aided Tap Tester (CATT) system in the electric and magnetic field and also without any field. As a result of the tests made, it has been figured out that the tests made in the electric field and the magnetic field increased the quality of the images for damages. Also, it has been found out that the CATT system is quite successful in detecting damage of honeycomb sandwich composite materials.
Genome reconstruction and haplotype phasing using chromosome conformation capture methodologies
Authors: Xu Zhichao , Dixon Jesse R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Genomic analysis of individuals or organisms is predicated on the availability of high-quality reference and genotype information. With the rapidly dropping costs of high-throughput DNA sequencing, this is becoming readily available for diverse organisms and for increasingly large populations of individuals. Despite these advances, there are still aspects of genome sequencing that remain challenging for existing sequencing methods. This includes the generation of long-range contiguity during genome assembly, identification of structural variants in both germline and somatic tissues, the phasing of haplotypes in diploid organisms and the resolution of genome sequence for organisms derived from complex samples. These types of information are valuable for understanding the role of genome sequence and genetic variation on genome function, and numerous approaches have been developed to address them. Recently, chromosome conformation capture (3C) experiments, such as the Hi-C assay, have emerged as powerful tools to aid in these challenges for genome reconstruction. We will review the current use of Hi-C as a tool for aiding in genome sequencing, addressing the applications, strengths, limitations and potential future directions for the use of 3C data in genome analysis. We argue that unique features of Hi-C experiments make this data type a powerful tool to address challenges in genome sequencing, and that future integration of Hi-C data with alternative sequencing assays will facilitate the continuing revolution in genomic analysis and genome sequencing.
GABAC: an arithmetic coding solution for genomic data
Authors: Voges Jan , Paridaens Tom , Müntefering Fabian , Mainzer Liudmila S , Bliss Brian , Yang Mingyu , Ochoa Idoia , Fostier Jan , Ostermann Jörn , Hernaez Mikel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Motivation
In an effort to provide a response to the ever-expanding generation of genomic data, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is designing a new solution for the representation, compression and management of genomic sequencing data: the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-G standard. This paper discusses the first implementation of an MPEG-G compliant entropy codec: GABAC. GABAC combines proven coding technologies, such as context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding, binarization schemes and transformations, into a straightforward solution for the compression of sequencing data.

Results
We demonstrate that GABAC outperforms well-established (entropy) codecs in a significant set of cases and thus can serve as an extension for existing genomic compression solutions, such as CRAM.

Availability and implementation
The GABAC library is written in C++. We also provide a command line application which exercises all features provided by the library. GABAC can be downloaded from https://github.com/mitogen/gabac.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
pqsfinder web: G-quadruplex prediction using optimized pqsfinder algorithm
Authors: Labudová Dominika , Hon Jiří , Lexa Matej 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMotivationG-quadruplex is a DNA or RNA form in which four guanine-rich regions are held together by base pairing between guanine nucleotides in coordination with potassium ions. G-quadruplexes are increasingly seen as a biologically important component of genomes. Their detection in vivo is problematic; however, sequencing and spectrometric techniques exist for their in vitro detection. We previously devised the pqsfinder algorithm for PQS identification, implemented it in C++ and published as an R/Bioconductor package. We looked for ways to optimize pqsfinder for faster and user-friendly sequence analysis.ResultsWe identified two weak points where pqsfinder could be optimized. We modified the internals of the recursive algorithm to avoid matching and scoring many sub-optimal PQS conformations that are later discarded. To accommodate the needs of a broader range of users, we created a website for submission of sequence analysis jobs that does not require knowledge of R to use pqsfinder.Availability and implementationhttps://pqsfinder.fi.muni.cz, https://bioconductor.org/packages/pqsfinder.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A neurophysiological model of speech production deficits in fragile X syndrome
Authors: Schmitt Lauren M , Wang Jun , Pedapati Ernest V , Thurman Angela John , Abbeduto Leonard , Erickson Craig A , Sweeney John A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited intellectual disability and monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder. Expressive language deficits, especially in speech production, are nearly ubiquitous among individuals with fragile X, but understanding of the neurological bases for these deficits remains limited. Speech production depends on feedforward control and the synchronization of neural oscillations between speech-related areas of frontal cortex and auditory areas of temporal cortex. Interaction in this circuitry allows the corollary discharge of intended speech generated from an efference copy of speech commands to be compared against actual speech sounds, which is critical for making adaptive adjustments to optimize future speech. We aimed to determine whether alterations in coherence between frontal and temporal cortices prior to speech production are present in individuals with fragile X and whether they relate to expressive language dysfunction. Twenty-one participants with full-mutation fragile X syndrome (aged 7–55 years, eight females) and 20 healthy controls (matched on age and sex) completed a talk/listen paradigm during high-density EEG recordings. During the talk task, participants repeated pronounced short vocalizations of ‘Ah’ every 1–2 s for a total of 180 s. During the listen task, participants passively listened to their recordings from the talk task. We compared pre-speech event-related potential activity, N1 suppression to speech sounds, single trial gamma power and fronto-temporal coherence between groups during these tasks and examined their relation to performance during a naturalistic language task. Prior to speech production, fragile X participants showed reduced pre-speech negativity, reduced fronto-temporal connectivity and greater frontal gamma power compared to controls. N1 suppression during self-generated speech did not differ between groups. Reduced pre-speech activity and increased frontal gamma power prior to speech production were related to less intelligible speech as well as broader social communication deficits in fragile X syndrome. Our findings indicate that coordinated pre-speech activity between frontal and temporal cortices is disrupted in individuals with fragile X in a clinically relevant way and represents a mechanism contributing to prominent speech production problems in the disorder.
Two distinct prions in fatal familial insomnia and its sporadic form
Authors: Takeuchi Atsuko , Mohri Shirou , Kai Hideaki , Tamaoka Akira , Kobayashi Atsushi , Mizusawa Hidehiro , Iwasaki Yasushi , Yoshida Mari , Shimizu Hiroshi , Murayama Shigeo , Kuroda Shigetoshi , Morita Masanori , Parchi Piero , Kitamoto Tetsuyuki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fatal familial insomnia is a genetic prion disease, which is associated with the aspartic acid to asparagine substitution at codon 178 of the prion protein gene. Although the hallmark pathological feature is thalamic and olivary degeneration, there is a patient with an atypical fatal familial insomnia without the hallmark feature. The cause of the pathological variability is unclear. We analysed a Japanese fatal familial insomnia kindred and compared one atypical clinicopathological fatal familial insomnia phenotype case and typical fatal familial insomnia phenotype cases with transmission studies using multiple lines of knock-in mice and with protein misfolding cyclic amplification. We also analysed the transmissibility and the amplification properties of sporadic fatal insomnia. Transmission studies revealed that the typical fatal familial insomnia with thalamic and olivary degeneration showed successful transmission only using knock-in mice expressing human–mouse chimeric prion protein gene. The atypical fatal familial insomnia with spongiform changes showed successful transmission only using knock-in mice expressing bank vole prion protein gene. Two sporadic fatal insomnia cases with thalamic and olivary degeneration showed the same transmissibility as the typical fatal familial insomnia phenotype. Interestingly, one sporadic fatal insomnia case with thalamic/olivary degeneration and spongiform changes showed transmissibility of both the typical and atypical fatal familial insomnia phenotypes. Protein misfolding cyclic amplification could amplify both typical fatal familial insomnia cases and sporadic fatal insomnia cases but not the atypical fatal familial insomnia phenotype or other sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease subtypes. In addition to clinical findings and neuropathological features, the transmission properties and the amplification properties were different between the typical and atypical fatal familial insomnia phenotypes. It is suggested that two distinct prions were associated with the diversity in the fatal familial insomnia phenotype, and these two prions could also be detected in sporadic fatal insomnia.
Cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: from mechanistic studies in humans to clinical outcomes
Authors: Heuvelman Valerie D , Van Raalte Daniël H , Smits Mark M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently one of the most prevalent diseases, with as many as 415 million patients worldwide. T2DM is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is often accompanied by several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Treatment of T2DM is focused on reducing glucose levels by either lifestyle changes or medical treatment. One treatment option for T2DM is based on the gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion, however, it is rapidly degraded, and thereby losing its glycaemic effect. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are immune to degradation, prolonging the glycaemic effect. Lately, GLP-1RAs have spiked the interest of researchers and clinicians due to their beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptors are abundantly present in the heart and that stimulation of these receptors by GLP-1 has several effects. In this review, we will discuss the effects of GLP-1RA on heart rate, blood pressure, microvascular function, lipids, and inflammation, as measured in human mechanistic studies, and suggest how these effects may translate into the improved cardiovascular outcomes as demonstrated in several trials.