bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune tolerance to asymptomatic submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in adults living in malaria endemic areas
Authors: Diouf Babacar BD , Diop Fode , Dieye Yakhya , Mbodji Adja Fatou , Talla Cheikh , Thiam Alassane , Dia Ibrahima , Faye Joseph , Sembène Mbacké , Vigan-Womas Inès , Sarr Fatoumata Diène , Perraut Ronald , Toure-Balde Aïssatou , Niang Makhtar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Combined malaria control interventions have reduced mortality rate, number of clinical cases and parasite prevalence across Africa between 2000 and 2015. As a consequence, Plasmodium infections have become mostly asymptomatic and often sub-microscopic in many endemic areas. The present study aims to evaluate the contribution of asymptomatic sub-microscopic P. falciparum carriage on antibody responses against malaria antigens. Methods A total of 353 samples from a cross-sectional sampling conducted in Ndiop (Senegal) in 2016 were tested by qPCR and microscopy to determine parasite prevalence. Plasmodium falciparum positive samples were genotyped using msp-2 marker. The IgG seroprevalence against crude schizont antigen of a local P. falciparum strain, tested by ELISA, was compared to parasite prevalence. An age-matched, under 10 years, 10-15 and over 15 years cohort of 110 positive and negative qPCR samples were used to determine the impact of sub-microscopic carriage on IgG and IgM antibody responses against schizont extract and MSP3 recombinant antigen. Results The microscopic diagnosis was negative for all thick smears defining a study cohort of submicroscopic asymptomatic individuals with an overall parasite prevalence of 22.37% (79/353) by qPCR. Submicroscopic infections were associated with significant lower IgG responses in qPCR positive samples for individuals over 15 years of age, for both crude schizont (p=0.021) and MSP3 recombinant antigen (p=0.035). IgM responses were significantly higher (p=0.034) in children under 10 years, showing their susceptibility to primary infection. Above 15 years of age, a significant difference was found between parasite prevalence of 9.3% (33/353) and IgG seroprevalence of 23.8% (84/353) (p=0.01). The overall genetic diversity detected is characterized by a complexity of infection (COI) and a number of genotypes of 2.4 and 17, respectively.Conclusion Asymptomatic submicroscopic P. falciparum carriage is prevalent in the study area and is associated with immune tolerance to parasites in adults. The difference between parasite prevalence and IgG seroprevalence results from long-lived IgG in adults point out attention for elders in endemic areas as a stable parasite reservoir. In this context, mass molecular detection followed by treatment could be a valuable method for achieving elimination.
AS ARBOVIROSES E O SANEAMENTO BÁSICO
Authors: Aguiar da Silva Rafael , De Assis Barbosa Jane Roberta 
Published: July 2020

Este artigo aborda a relação que se estabelece entre a presença ou ausência de saneamento básico e a ocorrência de arboviroses na cidade de Natal/RN. O estudo observou o número de casos registrados e a sua relação com as variáveis Cobertura de Esgotamento Sanitário, Resíduos Sólidos e Renda nas regiões administrativas. A coleta de dados secundários em órgãos nacionais, estaduais e municipais que lidam com a temática pesquisada, apoiada na produção de mapas temáticos, demonstrou que o maior número de casos de arboviroses ocorre nas Regiões Administrativas Norte e Oeste de Natal, onde, paralelamente há uma precária oferta de esgotamento sanitário. Nessas Regiões, verifica-se o acúmulo expressivo de resíduos sólidos e a menor renda mensal por pessoa, considerando as quatro regiões administrativas de Natal.
Palavras-chave: Saneamento Básico; Arboviroses; Gestão do Território; Natal/RN.
Voltammetric Analysis of Ephedrine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Urine Using poly(Nile Blue A) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Ağın Fatma , Öztürk Gökçe , Kul Dilek 
Published: July 2020

Objective:The electrochemical analysis of ephedrine which is a sympathometric drug has been studied using poly(Nile blue A) modified glassy carbon electrodes, cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry.Methods:The modified electrodes were prepared by potential cycling electropolymerization of Nile blue A in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH 6.0. The redox behavior of ephedrine was investigated in different buffer solutions at pH values between 5.5 and 9.0.Results:Scan rate studies showed that the electron transfer reaction of ephedrine was diffusion controlled. A linear response was obtained between the peak current and the ephedrine concentration in the range of 0.6 to 100 μM with a limit of detection of 2.91×10-3μM for differential pulse voltammetry in Britton-Robinson buffer solution at pH 9.0. The linearity range of ephedrine in human urine was between 1.0 and 100 μM with a detection limit of 8.16 nM.Conclusion:The recovery studies in both pharmaceutical dosage forms and urine showed that the proposed method ensured good selectivity, precision and accuracy without any interference from inactive excipients.
Clinicopathological Significance of Long Non-Coding RNA GHET1 in Human Cancers: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Poursheikhani Arash , Nokhandani Negin , Yousefi Hassan , Rad Dorsa M. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Cancer is considered as the main public health problem and the second leading
cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Numerous environmental-lifestyle related risk factors
account for around one-third of cancer deaths. Recently, the key role of lncRNAs has been widely investigated
in a variety of disorders, including cancer. The lncRNA GHET1 has been considered as an
essential oncogenic lncRNA in many types of human cancers. Clinical investigations indicated that expression
of lncRNA GHET1 is correlated with clinicopathological characteristics in cancer. This metaanalysis
investigated the correlation between the lncRNA GHET1 expression and clinicopathological
features in different types of cancers.

Materials and Methods:
Comprehensive literature searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of
Knowledge were conducted up to April 11, 2019. Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis.
All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata software, version 12.0.

Results:
The pooled OR and 95%CIs of the sixteen relevant studies showed that over expression of
lncRNA GHET1 was associated with tumor-size ≥5 cm (OR= 2.51, 95% CI: 1.89-3.33, p=0.00,
I2=38.30%), positive lymph node metastasis (OR= 2.83, 95% CI: 1.78-4.52, p=0.00, I2=45.60%), advanced
tumor stage (OR= 3.92, 95% CI: 2.97-5.19, p=0.00, I2=0.00%), positive distant metastasis
(OR= 5.74, 95% CI: 2.58-12.77, p=0.00, I2=0.00%), advanced tumor status (OR= 2.97, 95% CI: 1.40-
6.29, p=0.01, I2=34.70%), and positive vascular invasion (OR= 2.69, 95% CI: 1.61-4.50, p=0.00,
I2=29.20%).

Conclusion:
Taken together, the current study demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNA GHET1 is
significantly associated with clinicopathological features in human cancers. Our results suggested that
lncRNA GHET1 can be utilized as a prognostic biomarker in human cancer.
Diagnosis Model of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ying Yifan , Jin Yongxi , Wang Xianchuan , Ma Jianshe , Zeng Min , Wang Xianqin 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a lethal environmental and industrial poison. The mortality rate of
occupational acute H2S poisoning reported in China is 23.1% ~ 50%. Due to the huge amount of information on
metabolomics changes after body poisoning, it is important to use intelligent algorithms to mine multivariate interactions.

Methods:
This paper first uses GC-MS metabolomics to detect changes in the urine components of the
poisoned group and control rats to form a metabolic dataset, and then uses the SVM classification algorithm
in machine learning to train the hydrogen sulfide poisoning training dataset to obtain a classification
recognition model. A batch of rats (n = 15) was randomly selected and exposed to 20 ppm H2S
gas for 40 days (twice morning and evening, 1 hour each exposure) to prepare a chronic H2S rat poisoning
model. The other rats (n = 15) were exposed to the same volume of air and 0 ppm hydrogen
sulfide gas as the control group. The treated urine samples were tested using a GC-MS.

Results:
The method locates the optimal parameters of SVM, which improves the accuracy of SVM
classification to 100%. This paper uses the information to gain an attribute evaluation method to screen
out the top 6 biomarkers that contribute to the predicted category (Glycerol, -Hydroxybutyric acid,
arabinofuranose, Pentitol, L-Tyrosine, L-Proline).

Conclusion:
The SVM diagnostic model of hydrogen sulfide poisoning constructed in this work has training time and
prediction accuracy; it has achieved excellent results and provided an intelligent decision-making method for the diagnosis
of hydrogen sulfide poisoning.
Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lungs in a Rat Model of Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Authors: Cengiz Beyhan , Bostancıklıoğlu Mehmet , Demir Tuncer , Karabulut Hayriye , Dokuyucu Recep , Ulaşlı Mustafa 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Rhinitis medicamentosa, also known as ‘rebound congestion,’ is inflammation
of the nasal mucosa caused by the overuse of topical nasal decongestants. Although local
decongestants resolve the initial nasal obstruction, the overuse causes rebound obstruction. However,
how the overuse of the decongestant causes rhinitis medicamentosa is not known.

Objectives:
Here, we show the intracellular effects of oxymetazoline, commonly used a local decongestant,
on the cell death pathways. We also investigated the antioxidative effects of erdosteine
suspension (175 mg/5mL), an antioxidative agent.

Methods:
Thirty Wistar-albino rats were used to form the rhinitis medicamentosa model. After
rhinitis medicamentosa was clinically detected, we removed the whole lungs of animals to perform
the molecular analyses of cell death pathways.

Results:
We found a statistically significant decrease in the expression levels of Atg5 (p=0.021),
Atg7 (p=0.013) and Ulk1 (p=0.036) in the oxymetazoline group compared to the control group
(p<0.05); however, Caspase 3 expression level was recorded to be significantly increased in the
oxymetazoline group, and the expression level of Beclin1 recorded to be substantially increased in
the erdosteine group (p=0.001).

Conclusion:
Based on these grounds, we suggest that vasoconstriction in capillary vessels caused by oxymetazoline could
lead to a decrease in the blood supply, which triggers autophagy to ensure cellular homeostasis.
Assessment of Direct and Indirect Current Control Techniques Applied to Active Power Filters
Authors: Adel Mohamed , Kandil Tarek 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In this paper, an assessment of active power filter (APF) performance is
presented under direct and indirect current control schemes through on-line compensation theory.

Methods:
Conventional Direct Current Control (DCC) measures both load current and filter current
beside source and DC-link voltages, while Indirect Current Control (ICC) measures only source current
beside voltage measurements. Both DCC and ICC control algorithms are implemented using
80C196KC low-cost microcontroller.

Results:
The performance parameters of APF are compared under two methods, and it is assigned
that ICC gives a better performance with lower cost due to reduced number of sensors. The DC-link
output voltage is controlled through simple PI-controller, and the PWM switching signals required
by APF power circuit is obtained by hysteresis current controller.

Conclusion:
The comparative simulation and experimental results exhibit that performance of APF
due to ICC scheme is superior than DCC one.
Remote Care for Caregivers of People With Psychosis: Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Romm Kristin Lie , Nilsen Liv , Gjermundsen Kristine , Holter Marit , Fjell Anne , Melle Ingrid , Repål Arne , Lobban Fiona 
Published: July 2020

Background
A reduced availability of resources has hampered the implementation of family work in psychosis. Web-based support programs have the potential to increase access to high-quality, standardized resources. This pilot study tested the Norwegian version of the Relatives Education and Coping Toolkit (REACT), a web-based United Kingdom National Health Service program in combination with phone-based support by trained family therapists.

Objective
We investigated how the program was perceived by its users and identified the facilitators and barriers to its clinical implementation.

Methods
Relatives of people with psychosis were offered access to REACT and to weekly family therapist support (with 1 of 2 trained family therapists) for 26 weeks. Level of distress and level of expressed emotion data were collected at baseline and after 26 weeks using the Family Questionnaire and the Relatives Stress Scale. Both family therapists and a subset of the relatives were interviewed about their experiences after completing the program.

Results
During the program, relatives (n=19) had a median of 8 (range 4-11) consultations with the family therapists. Postintervention, there was a significant reduction in stress and in expressed emotions in the relatives of people with psychosis. Interviews with the relatives (n=7) and the family therapists (n=2) indicated the following themes as important—the intervention turned knowledge into action; the intervention strengthened the feeling of being involved and taken seriously by the health services; and management support and the ability for self-referral were important, while lack of reimbursement and clinician resistance to technology were barriers to implementation.

Conclusions
The service was found to offer a valued clinical benefit; however, strategies that aim to engage clinicians and increase organizational support toward new technology need to be developed.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KEBIJAKAN PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PIDANA DI LUAR PERSIDANGAN DI BELANDA, INGGRIS, DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Zunaidi Ahmad Hajar , Najih Mokhammad 
Published: July 2020

Tindak pidana yang bersifat ringan harus diselesaikan dengan mekanisme yang sama seperti tindak pidana yang berat, adalah salah satu bentuk ironi keadilan. Untuk mengurangi persoalan ironi keadilan tersebut, beberapa negara telah mengembangkan berbagai mekanisme penyelesaian perkara di luar persidangan untuk perkara-perkara yang bersifat ringan. Selain itu, sistem peradilan pidana di setiap negara secara umum juga hanya mampu memproses sebagian kecil dari seluruh tindak pidana yang terjadi sehingga penuntut umum harus melaksanakan diskresi dalam memutuskan perkara mana yang akan dilanjutkan atau dihentikan penuntutannya atau diselesaikan dengan mekanisme penyelesaian perkara pidana yang bersifat ringan di luar persidangan. Isu hukum yang dianalisis dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana ratio legis pengaturan mekanisme penyelesaian perkara pidana di luar persidangan di Belanda dan Inggris. Hasil dari analisis tersebut adalah ratio legis pengaturan penyelesaian perkara pidana di luar persidangan adalah untuk mewujudkan keadilan melalui penyederhanaan sistem peradilan pidana dan penerapan asas kelayakan. Keadaan berbeda terjadi pada sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia karena sangat tidak efisien, tidak sesuai dengan asas peradilan cepat, sederhana, dan biaya ringan. Berdasarkan kesimpulan diatas, maka dapat disampaikan rekomendasi bahwa asas kelayakan perlu segera diterima dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia dengan cara mengadopsi teori subsosialitas sebagaimana tercantum dalam Pasal 9a Sr. dan mengadopsi mekanisme penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana yang bersifat ringan di luar persidangan dalam bentuk transaksi dengan model komposisi, dengan disertai adanya modifikasi penambahan pokok-pokok pemikiran adaptasi bagi sistem hukum Indonesia.Keywords: penyelesaian; perkara; pidana
OCCLUSAL SPLINTS: TYPES, MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES - A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Araújo de Souza Julia , Da Veiga Kalil Marcos , Alves da Cunha Kalil Maria Theresa 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) is considered the major cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region and the most crucial symptom for which patients seek medical attention, negatively affecting quality of life. The plates have gained prominence as a treatment for TMD but the success or failure of the occlusal plates will depend on their correct selection and indication, materials for making and adjusting, in addition to the cooperation of the patient. The purpose of this study is to highlight the most used types of occlusal plaques, their advantages, disadvantages, indications and contraindications, in addition to identifying and analyzing the materials currently used in their manufacture. A literature review was conducted with searches on articles from the electronic databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library (BVS) and Google Scholar with the descriptors: disfunção, placa occlusal, tratamento, dysfunction, plate, occlusal and treatment. We also use bibliographic information from Okeson (2013). From the data collected in this literature review, it can be concluded that the occlusal plaque is considered a conservative and reversible method and has stood out for its low cost and high success rate. This study demonstrated that the most advantageous material for the manufacture of the plates was the photopolymerizable resin. However, the dentist must be attentive to a correct diagnosis, selection and indication, preparation and adjustment materials, in addition to the patient's cooperation in order to provide the appropriate treatment.
Islamic Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Hiv/Aids Among Undergraduates In UPM Serdang
Authors: Hamsan Hanina Halimatussaidiyah , Siah Lee Mei 
Published: July 2020

Research has been conducted attitudes related HIV/AIDS issue particularly among university students because students are the group of younger generation that may be parents advising their children in future or they may have to contact with HIV infected and AIDS people in their future work. The purpose of research design is to identify the most economical method in conducting the research. The non- experimental quantitative research design which is in questionnaire tools has used to finalize results that are based on hypothesis testingThe population of this study is targeted to the undergraduates from Human Ecology in UPM, Serdang. The sample size for the study is determined by the calculation formula (Israel, 2009). The minimum sample size for FEM is approximately 271, which is calculated by the formula of known population size (N = 835) with the 95% confidence level and confidence interval of 5%.to achieve the objectives for this current study. Besides, three techniques of research design are descriptive, correlation and comparative also have been chosen in this study. Descriptive design is used to gather the quantitative information and then organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection. Descriptive involved in this study will be given a general description about respondent’s personal characteristic (gender), level of knowledge in HIV/AIDS and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. The correlation design is applied to determine the linear relationship between personal characteristic (gender), knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among FEM undergraduates. The result of the correlation can be positive and negative. If the result is positive correlation, then the changes in value of one variable will make the changes of the other variables in the same direction, or vice versa.
Experimental Stress Analysis for Woven Carbon, Glass, and Kevlar Laminate Shells
Authors: M. A. Saber Azad 
Published: July 2020

Composite shell structures have many applications in aerospace industry in which deal with various loading abundantly. In present paper Strain gauge instrument with rectangular rosette strain gauges were used to detect the maximum stress and strain distributions along the shell composite structure. Also a finite element analysis was done for validation of experimental results. The FEM software used was ANSYS14. Impact test, density measurement, and bending test were performed in order to detect physical and mechanical properties such as toughness, principal stresses, and density, of the three laminated composite shells. In addition, the results between experimental and ANSYS were compared. It was observed that an important discrepancy is found between theoretical and experimental results. It was also found a large difference in modulus of elasticity, toughness, and tensile strength for each composite material. These differences are tabulated in many tables in the last paper.
Proposed method for delimiting spatial structure on the example of agriculture types in Poland
Authors: Wiśniewski Łukasz , Perdał Robert , Rudnicki Roman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This work presents the results of research on the identification of types of Polish agriculture. Polish gminas (the third-order administrative division of the country sometimes referred to as “communes” or “municipalities”, until 2016 – according to Local Administrative Units – LAU level 2) have been divided into three types, characterised by low, medium or high levels of agricultural development, with 10 sub-types. A multi-stage typological procedure was used, employing two classification methods: k-mean cluster analysis and the random forest method. Twelve diagnostic attributes were used that comprehensively characterise Polish agriculture. The results show the diversity of this sector of the economy, which should be taken into account when planning its future development.
Renewable Energy Sources as a Development Opportunity for Peripheral Areas
Authors: Gradziuk Piotr , Gradziuk Barbara 
Published: July 2020

SummarySubject and purpose of work:The subject of this analysis and evaluation is the use of renewable energy sources in Poland, particularly in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, as a peripheral region. The purpose of this paper is to identify the role and evaluate the scale and effects of using renewable energy sources (RES), as well as the availability and absorption of financial resources for RES promotion.Materials and methods:The data were obtained from the Office of the Ruda-Huta Commune, the Regional Operational Programme Department of the Marshal Office of the Lubelskie Voivodeship in Lublin and the Department of European Funds of the Ministry of Energy, as well as Statistics Poland (GUS) and the literature on the subject.Results:In Poland the proportion of energy from renewable sources to the total primary energy generated increased in 2012-2018 from 11.73% to 14.46%. A new phenomenon, which has been highly significant for the development of this sector, is the use of innovative, small-scale technologies of energy generation from renewable sources, which created the foundations for the growth of a citizens’ energy sector, based on the initiative of the citizens and their communities. The use of RES contributes to reduced expenditures on the purchase of energy carriers and constitutes an effective method of implementing plans for developing a low-carbon economy and reducing low-stack emissions.Conclusions:The continuing disparities between the regions point to the need for active structural intervention to maintain economic, social and territorial cohesion, particularly in areas which are considered peripheral and have a very low GDP per capita. One of the preferred directions should be to support the use of RES.