bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicine and Healing in the Pre-Socratic Thought - A Brief Analysis of Magic and Rationalism in Ancient Herbal Therapy
Authors: Santacroce Luigi , Topi Skender , Haxhirexha Kastriot , Hidri Shkelqim , Charitos Ioannis Alexandros , Bottalico Lucrezia 
Published: May 2020

Background:Medicine has gone through many schools of thought before arriving in the version we see in our world today. In the beginning, it was based on religion, superstition, and magic plants for therapy. This approach was practiced for many centuries until a period of cultural development arrived. This change occurred in the ancient Greek era, when new theories on nature arose: physiokratia emerged to describe the nature of humanity, including its genesis and supporting phenomena. From the various mystical traditions, we have come to understand the natural phenomena that surround the universe, thanks to the knowledge of the "hidden causes" that emerged due to this trend of philosophical thought.Methods:We studied ancient texts to determine the common roots between myth, therapy, and religion of medical cultures in the pre-Hippocratic era and the era of pre-Socratic philosophers.Results:This study is focused on the period of time before and during pre-Socratic thought, showing that there are many similarities in the approach of therapy for various diseases in that era. The Greek contribution to Western medicine was in the development of a rational system of thought that has been transmitted in medical culture. This attempt to interpret humanity was called philosophy. Hippocrates, who came after the pre-Socratics, changed the old approach to patients. When the approach to medical diagnosis and healing changed, it affected the therapy of other ancient cultures. The ancient Greeks were influenced by other civilizations’ approaches to therapy, especially with the use of plants and the different mythological and religious outlooks connected to this use. Despite the emergence of pre- Socratic rationalism, supernatural beliefs remained even when the use of herbs was no longer practiced in direct connection to their origins in myth and magic. The first detachment of magic therapy occurred later with the father of medicine, Hippocrates.Conclusion:The ancient Greeks invented the rationalist doctrine, which influenced medicine. Thus, the birth of philosophy, through its many stages, has influenced therapeutic patterns in medicine, especially with medicinal herbs.
A Patent Review on Nanotechnology-Based Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery
Authors: Singh Ruchita , Brumlik Charles , Vaidya Mandar , Choudhury Abhishek 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Current cerebral drug delivery to the brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is
limited by the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) or the blood-blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) barrier. The
popular, non-invasive, intranasal delivery provides an exciting route for topical and systemic applications.
For example, intranasal drug delivery of Central Nervous System (CNS) drugs can be designed
to pass the BBB barrier via the nose-to-brain pathways. Recent nanotechnology research and patenting
focus mainly on overcoming typical limitations including bioavailability, transport, BBB penetration,
targeted delivery, controlled release rate and controlled degradation.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to assess the state-of-the-art of nose-to-brain drug delivery
systems and the role of nanotechnology in targeted delivery for the treatment of CNS and related therapeutic
conditions.

Methods:
Patent and related searches were made with analytics to explore and organize nanotech work
in intranasal drug delivery to the brain. Technical advancements were mapped by API, formulation and
performance criteria. Patents and published patent applications were searched with concept tables of
keywords, metadata (e.g., assignee) and patent classes (e.g., International Patent Classes and Cooperative
Patent Classes).

Results:
The reviewed patents and published applications show a focus on formulations and therapeutic
indications related to the nano-based nose-to-brain drug delivery. The main patented materials were
surface modifiers, delivery systems and excipients.

Conclusion:
Surface modified nanoparticles can greatly improve drug transport and bioavailability of
drugs, particularly higher molecular weight drugs. The most commonly used surface modifiers were
chitosan, lectin and cyclodextrin-cross-linker complex. Nanoformulations of herbal drugs could increase
drug bioavailability and reduce toxicity. Biotechnology-related drug delivery approaches such
as monoclonal antibodies and genetically engineered proteins (molecular Trojan horses) deliver large
molecule therapeutics.
Hacia un enfoque de conservación basado en entrelazamientos de Naturaleza y Cultura. Una mirada desde Japón en el contexto del Patrimonio Mundial
Authors: Ishizawa Escudero Maya Natalia 
Published: May 2020

La Convención sobre la Protección del Patrimonio Mundial, Cultural y Natural aprobada por la UNESCO en 1972 se caracteriza por ser el único instrumento legal internacional con alcances para la conservación de sitios naturales y culturales con Valor Universal Excepcional. Sin embargo, en su implementación, el sistema se ha dividido en dos sectores: uno dedicado a la conservación de la naturaleza, y otro dedicado a la conservación de sitios culturales. Institucionalmente, en muchos países del mundo, como Perú o en Japón, se han generado sistemas de conservación del patrimonio en el que las instituciones a cargo obedecen a mandatos distintos y, en la práctica, no se relacionan entre sí. Dentro de esta problemática, el objetivo de este artículo es explicar las particularidades del sistema de conservación japonés y sus aportes conceptuales en el contexto internacional, los mismos que han permitido el desarrollo de talleres experimentales organizados por la Cátedra UNESCO sobre Enlaces Naturaleza-Cultura en la Conservación del Patrimonio de la Universidad de Tsukuba en Japón. En estos talleres se ha explorado la creación de capacidades de profesionales del patrimonio de la región Asia-Pacífico desde esta perspectiva.
Vibration-based damage identification for reinforced concrete slab-type structures using fiber-optic sensors and random decrement technique
Authors: Pourrastegar Azita , Othman Hesham , Marzouk Hesham 
Published: May 2020

This paper presents and evaluates a damage identification system for reinforced concrete (RC) slab-type structures based on non-destructive vibration testing, Random decrement (RD) signal processing technique, and embedded smart network of fiber-optic sensors. The proposed system aims to overcome the challenges associated with the use of electrical sensors and signal processing of noisy dynamic data. Two experimental modal analysis investigations have been conducted. First modal testing focuses on investigating the capability of fiber-optic sensors and Multi-channel random decrement (MCRD) processing technique to locate damage in RC slabs through changes in the first mode shape response with damage. The second modal testing focuses on the detection of damage intensity using the RD technique through the change in frequency and damping dynamic parameters.
The results show that RD technique can be used effectively to extract the free vibration response of RC slab-type structures; fiber-optic sensors are more sensitive to capture damage severity in comparison to electrical accelerometer sensors, especially, at steel yielding and failure load; MCRD technique can be used effectively to generate mode shapes for RC slabs based on fiber-optic grating FBG sensors measurements. On the other hand, electrical strain gauges were noisy and it was difficult to obtain any measurable data; A damage identification system based on non-destructive vibration testing, MCRD processing technique, and using an embedded smart network of fiber-optic sensors can estimate accurately the damage location through changes in the first mode shape.
Konseling Behavioral dengan Teknik Sosiodrama Melalui Lesson Study Untuk Meningkatkan Self-Succorance
Authors: Ariandani Ni Putu Diah , Dantes Nyoman , Dharsana I Ketut 
Published: May 2020

The first objective of this study was to know the extent of effectiveness of the implementation of behavioral counseling theory by using sociodrama technique to improve self-succorance of grade VII students of SMP Lab. Undiksha Singaraja, The second objective of this study was to know the difference of self-succorance between the students who were given behavioral counseling by using sociodrama technique and the students who were not given behavioral counseling by sociodrama technique on grade VII of SMP Lab.Undiksha Singaraja. This was an experimental study with non-equivalent pre-test post-test control group design. The population of this study was the students of grade VII of SMP Lab. Undiksha. The study sample was taken by using random sampling technique, in which it was found that 103 students had moderate and low self-succorance. From the 103 students who were selected as members of the sample, it was randomly selected 1 class as the experimental group and the other 1 class as the control group. The data collection method of self-succorance in the study used the obsevation method, interview, diary and self-cycles questionnaire of Likert scale. The analysis method of the hypothesis test used was the t-tes. The results of this study indicated that there was effectiveness of the implementation of Behavioral Counseling by using Sociodrama technique to improve self-Succorance of grade VII students of SMP Lab. Undiksha, and there was a difference of self-Succorance between the students who were given behavioral counseling by using sociodrama technique and the students who were not given.Keywords: Behavioral counseling, sociodrama technique, self-succoranc
Authors: Risa Septia Dwi , Triyatno Triyatno , Febriandi Febriandi 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) perubahan luas penggunaan lahan permukiman di Kecamatan Kuranji tahun 2007-2016; (2) pola permukiman penduduk di Kecamtan Kuranji tahun 2007 dan 2016; (3) pengaruh pertambahan jumlah penduduk terhadap perkembangan luas permukiman di Kecamatan Kuranji tahun 2007-2016. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan peta penggunaan lahan tahun 2007 dan 2016, data penduduk tahun 2007 dan 2016. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah overlay peta penggunaan lahan tahun 2007-2016, analisis tetangga terdekat dan regresi linear sederhana.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Perubahan luas penggunaan lahan permukiman di Kecamtan Kuranji tahun 2007-2016 adalah 226,56 hektar. Kelurahan Kuranji merupakan kelurahan yang paling tinggi tingkat perkembangan luas lahan permukimannya yaitu seluas 58,28 hektar (25,72%) dan Kelurahan Anduring merupakan kelurahan yang paling sedikit tingkat perkembangan luas lahan permukimannya yaitu seluas 9,47 hektar (4,18%), (2) berdasarkan teknik analisis tetangga terdekat diperoleh nilai dengan nilai T = 0,93 (2007) dan nilai T = 0,95 (2016) berarti pola persebaran permukiman di Kecamatan Kuranji Tahun 2007 dan 2016 adalah Acak (Random), (3) pertambahan jumlah penduduk berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan permukiman. Pertambahan jumlah penduduk memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel perkembangan permukiman sebesar 47,9%.
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Khairani Khairani 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui partisipasi siswa dalam pelestarian lingkungan yaitu di SMAN 5 Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Pendekatan Deskriptif Kuantitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa angket yang berisi 21 butir soal dengan populasi penelitian yaitu siswa yang ada di SMAN 5 Bukittinggi. Dengan menggunakan Random Sampling dan jumlah total sampel yaitu 91 siswa berdasarkan sub variabel yang terdiri dari 4 sub variabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian a) partisipasi siswa dalam pengelolaan sampah yaitu 76,09 yang dikategorikan tinggi.b) partisipasi siswa dalam pemeliharaan tanaman yaitu 70,08% yang dikategorikan tinggi. c) partisipasi siswa dalam pengelolaan air yaitu 72,53% yang dikategorikan tinggi. d) partisipasi siswa dalam pengelolaan energi yaitu 65,23% yang dikategorikan sedang. Berdasarkan penelitian maka disimpulkan bahwa partisipasi siswa dalam pelstarian lingkungan di SMAN 5 Bukittinggi yaitu 70,98% yang dikategorikan tinggi.
Kata kunci : Partisipasi, Lingkungan, Pelestarian.
Authors: Ningsih Mimi Septia , U Iswandi 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas siswa dalam kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami di SMA N 2 Pariaman.penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskripstif kuantitatif. Data kapasitas siswa dalam kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami diperoleh melalui instrumen berupa angket. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 90 orang siswa SMA N 2 Pariaman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kapasitas siswa pada parameter aturan dan kelembagaan penanggulangan bencana berada pada kategori sedang (56.82%). Peringatan dini dan kajian risiko bencana berada pada kategori sedang (55.22%). Pendidikan kebencanaan berada pada kategori tinggi (68.40%). Pengurangan faktor risiko dasar berada pada kategori sedang (61%). Dan untuk pembangunan kesiapsiagaan pada seluruh lini berada pada kategori tinggi (65.28%). Dari kelima parameter diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa kapasitas siswa dalam kesiapsiagaan bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami di SMA N 2 Pariaman berada pada kategori sedang (61.35%).
Kata Kunci: Kapasitas, Gempa bumi, Tsunami
Reseña del texto Raúl Fornet – Betancourt: Intersubjetividad, Diálogo y Ética Intercultural. Una interpretación desde la filosofía Latinoamericana
Authors: Capera Figueroa José Javier 
Published: May 2020

A la memoria del maestro/filósofo Álvaro B. Márquez-Fernández (1952-2018)
La necesidad de seguir promoviendo temas “no” vistos de forma positiva por los grupos cerrados del poder, y aquellos que han hecho de la academia grupúsculos tradicionales, sistémicos y funcionales a los intereses de los de arriba, se constituye en una apuesta de ir a contracorriente de esos tipos de historias y asumir un compromiso ético-político en función de las luchas, los sentimientos y las emociones de los grupos de abajo.
Pengikut Sapta Darma di Tengah Pluralitas Terbatas
Authors: Mawaza Jayyidan Falakhi , Manese Rohit Mahatir 
Published: May 2020

Abstract[English]: Indonesia is a country that has a variety of spiritual cultures. The area of Java Island is known to be the place with the most significant number of faith-based organizations. We observe that the Special Region of Yogyakarta is a region that has a very complex religion and belief. One of the organizations that embrace the faith is the Sapta Darma Belief. Followers of these streams of Sapta Darma beliefs often experience exclusion and resistance by the state and society. The state does exclusion through discriminatory policies, while the resistance from the community is carried out by stereotyping and labelling. It happens because the definition of religion itself follows the dominant religion. So, in the end, it can be said that this flow of belief still sees and feels that plurality is only for those who believe in significant religions. This paper will explain the attitude of the followers of the Sapta Darma school of trust in responding to such exclusion and resistance.Abstrak[Indonesia]: Indonesia merupakan negara kaya akan keragaman. Salah satunya adalah keberagaman budaya spiritual. Wilayah pulau jawa diketahui merupakan tempat dengan jumlah organisasi penghayat terbanyak termasuk juga Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta merupakan wilayah yang kompleksitas pemeluk agama dan kepercayaan ini juga begitu banyak penulis lihat. Salah satu di antaranya adalah Aliran Kepercayaan Sapta Darma. Tetapi pengikut Aliran-aliran kepercayaan Sapta Darma ini seringkali mengalami ekslusi dan resistensi oleh negara dan masyarakat. Esklusi dilakukan oleh negara melalui kebijakan-kebijakan yang diskriminatif sedangkan resistensi dari masyarakat dilakukan dengan stereotyping dan labeling. Hal ini lahir karena pendefinisan agama itu sendiri mengikuti agama dominan. Sehingga pada akhirnya bisa dikata aliran kepercayaan ini masih melihat dan merasakan bahwa pluralitas hanya bagi mereka yang berkeyakinan terhadap agama-agama besar. Tulisan ini ingin menjelaskan terkait dengan bagaimana sikap dari para pengikut aliran kepercayaan dalam hal ini pengikut Sapta Darma dalam merespon ekslusi dan resistensi tersebut.
AN ATTEMPT TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF SELECTED INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS ON THE POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIGGEST EUROPEAN CITIES. APPLICATION OF THE SHIFTING MODEL (INTERVENING OPPORTUNITIES MODEL TYPE)
Authors: Dmochowski Tymon , Dzięcielski Michał , Kamiński Maciej , Szarejko Maciej , Zipser Jan 
Published: May 2020

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest symulacyjne badanie dyfuzji zmian gospodarczych, oparte na ugruntowanym modelu pośrednich możliwości. Użyty algorytm umożliwił detekcję makroregionów europejskich, w których istnieje wyraźnie podwyższony potencjał rozwoju wielobranżowych klastrów gospodarczych. Eksperymenty symulacyjne wykonano w dwóch seriach: dla prognozy wpływu działania Centralnego Portu Komunikacyjnego oraz dla działania CPK łącznie z budowaną jednocześnie Via Carpatia (czyli tzw. “Nowym Szlakiem Bursztynowym”). W niniejszym artykule staraliśmy się odpowiedzieć na pytanie: które rejony Europy najwięcej zyskają działaniu Centralnego Portu Komunikacyjnego?
Osiągnięte przez nas wyniki eksperymentów symulacyjnych potwierdziły znaczną bezwładność systemu gospodarczego Europy w zakresie formowania centrów i klastrów, w tym trwałość kondycji rejonów najwyżej rozwiniętych
Creative clusters in Poland and theoretical cluster structure- similarities and differences
Authors: Namyślak Beata 
Published: May 2020

Celem opracowania jest ukazanie stopnia zgodności między definicją klastra w literaturze przedmiotu a funkcjonującymi w Polsce klastrami opartymi o działalności twórcze. Autor postanowił zanalizować następujące cechy: otwartość klastrów, zdefiniowanie celów współpracy oraz wspólnych strategii rozwoju, koncentrację przestrzenną podmiotów oraz znaczenie bliskości geograficznej, jak również relację kooperacji i konkurencji w klastrze.
Jedyną cechą, która zdecydowanie znalazła potwierdzenie w przeprowadzonym badaniu bezpośrednim była otwartość struktur klastrowych. Klastry w większości przypadków zwiększały liczbę podmiotów-członków. Tworzone były jednocześnie nowe podmioty w otoczeniu, które z czasem stawały się również członkami klastra. W przypadku pozostałych trzech cech trudno o ich jednoznaczne potwierdzenie. Przykładowo, wspólne strategie rozwoju posiadało jedynie 5 z 17 analizowanych klastrów kreatywnych.
Potencjał innowacyjny miast w Polsce
Authors: Turała Maciej Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2020

The article aims to put forward a method for measuring the innovation potential of cities as one of main drivers – alongside education and culture – of their development potential (Orankiewicz &Turała, 2019). The discussion which is carried out in the paper starts with the concept of territorial capital put forward by Camagni and Capello [2013] and refers to other approaches to measuring the innovation potential of cities (Marszał 2012; Siłka 2018).
The main assumptions behind the method of measurement are briefly described in the second part of the article – the proposed measurement of innovation potential reflects four factors: (1) the capacity to generate knowledge and innovative solutions; (2) the capacity to disseminate research results; (3) the capacity to bridge the gap between academia and economic activity or, in other words, the capacity to commercialise research outcomes and (4) the robustness of economic activity in the most innovative sectors.
Data on the above factors of innovation potential was collected for all urban communes in Poland (306 cities) for the period between 2013 and 2016. A set of rankings of Polish cities based on their innovation potential between 2013 and 2016 is then presented – the third part of the article discusses the differentiation of innovation potentials of cities by region as well as in different classes in terms of city size. The final part of the article concentrates on the significance of various drivers of the innovation potential of cities.
Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma with Ossification on the Fingertip
Authors: Avila Christina , Milani-Nejad Nima , Carr David 
Published: May 2020

Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor that arises in the distal extremities and favors the periungual and subungual regions of the digits. Superficial acral fibromyxoma are benign, however excision may be warranted due to the presence of complications and potential for extension and damage of nearby structures. Here we present a rare case of ossified superficial acral fibromyxoma.
SYNTHESIS OF BIO-NANOMAGNETITE AND ITS OPTIMIZED CONDITIONS FOR PHTHALATE ABSORBTION
Authors: Hosseini Seyedeh Farzaneh , Eshaghi Zarrin 
Published: May 2020

Motivation/Background: Magnetic polymeric nanoparticles have vast range of applications in various fields. Coating or encapsulating of magnetic particles with polymers is one of the most useful methods of modifying magnetic nanoparticles. As these coated particles have magnetic characteristics, they can be easily collected with a single magnet instead of burdensome and time-consuming methods such as centrifugation.
Method: In this work, nano magnetite particles were synthesized using co-precipitation method and then they were firstly coated with a single biodegradable co-polymer, i.e. poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and secondly with a mixture of two biodegradable polymers of PBAT and poly(butylene adipate) (PBA).
Results: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum of these two bio-nanoparticles showed their characteristics. They were also used to absorb dibutyle phthalate and dioctyle phthalate from aqueous solutions. UV-Vis was used to characterize optimization of particle mass, time and stirring speed during absorption. XRD spectrum was also taken. Volume, time and stirring speed of desorption were also optimized. In addition, calibration was performed, and the isotherm was plotted for two particles.
Conclusions: According to XRD spectrum, particles were in nano range. They had acceptable biodegradation characteristics. They also were efficient in absorbing and desorbing phthalates and were collected easily through magnet.
UPWELLING CHARACTERISTICS IN THE SOUTHERN JAVA WATERS DURING STRONG LA NINA 2010 AND SUPER EL NINO 2015
Authors: Atmadipoera Agus S. , Jasmine Agitha Saverti , Purba Mulia , Kuswardani Anastasia R.T.D. 
Published: May 2020

Seasonal coastal upwelling in the Southern Java waters is considered to be modulated by interannual ocean-atmosphere variability of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aims to investigate a contrast in seasonal upwelling characteristics during the La Nina 2010 and El Nino 2015 events, by using multi-datasets from INDESO model output and satellite-derived datasets. Distinct characteristics of seasonal upwelling was clearly seen. In La Nina, surface ocean-atmosphere variables were much lower than that observed in El Nino, except for precipitation rate, sea surface temperature, and sea surface height. In La Nina, warmer (27-28°C) and a very freshwater (<33.80psu) were predominant in the upper 45m depth, concealing upwelling cooler water at subsurface. In contrast, in the El Nino, a drastic upwelled subsurface water of isotherms of 25-26°C and isohalines of 34.24-34.44psu were outcropped at the sea surface. Temperature-based upwelling index is -2°C and +4°C, demonstrating the ENSO has strongly modulated the upwelling intensity. A strong eastward South Java Coastal Current (SJCC) was found only in La Nina event. Persistent westward Indonesian Throughflow south of 9.5°S were visible both in different ENSO events. Estimate of Ekman transport derived from model meridional current was intervened strongly by the presence of the SJCC and the ITF.