bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of molecular testing with three molecular markers on thyroid fine‐needle aspiration cytology with abnormal category
Authors: Seneldir Hatice , Kir Gozde , Soylemez Tuce , Girgin Rabia B. , Ozbay Nurver , Ozen Filiz , Ankarali Handan , Bas Gurhan , Alimoglu Orhan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCases with abnormal category, determined by thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA), frequently undergo surgical resection, despite the majority of cases being identified as benign after resection. Additional diagnostic markers are needed to guide the management of patients with abnormal thyroid nodules.Materials and MethodsThe retrospective study enrolled 150 cases diagnosed abnormal by FNA cytology that had undergone molecular testing with three markers (BRAF V600E, NRAS, and KRAS) on the cell block. Seventy‐one cases had a surgical follow‐up.ResultsWhen NIFTP is not considered as malignant, positive predictive values (PPVs) of cytology and combined cytology and molecular testing (CC‐MT) were 67.6% (95% CI: 0.555‐0.782) and 89.2% (95% CI: 0.746‐0.970) (P = .004), respectively. The sensitivity of the CC‐MT was 68.8%, specificity was 82.5%, and the false‐positive rate was 17.4%. When NIFTP is considered as malignant, PPVs of cytology and CC‐MT were 83.1% (95% CI: 0.743‐0.918) and 94.6% (95% CI: 0.873‐1.018) (P = .047), respectively. The sensitivity of the CC‐MT was 59.3%, specificity was 83.3%, and the false‐positive rate was 16.7%.ConclusionThe addition of molecular testing with a small panel to FNA cytology may increase the PPV of cytology in abnormal categories. Small panel (BRAF V600E, KRAS, and NRAS) with high specificity and high PPVs may be used particularly for the detection of thyroid malignancy. Cell blocks can be an especially useful and straightforward method for molecular diagnostic studies.
Sperm storage reduces the strength of the mate‐finding Allee effect
Authors: Jiménez‐Franco María V. , Giménez Andrés , Rodríguez‐Caro Roberto C. , Sanz‐Aguilar Ana , Botella Francisco , Anadón José D. , Wiegand Thorsten , Graciá Eva 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMate searching is a key component of sexual reproduction that can have important implications for population viability, especially for the mate‐finding Allee effect. Interannual sperm storage by females may be an adaptation that potentially attenuates mate limitation, but the demographic consequences of this functional trait have not been studied. Our goal is to assess the effect of female sperm storage durability on the strength of the mate‐finding Allee effect and the viability of populations subject to low population density and habitat alteration. We used an individual‐based simulation model that incorporates realistic representations of the demographic and spatial processes of our model species, the spur‐thighed tortoise (Testudo graeca). This allowed for a detailed assessment of reproductive rates, population growth rates, and extinction probabilities. We also studied the relationship between the number of reproductive males and the reproductive rates for scenarios combining different levels of sperm storage durability, initial population density, and landscape alteration. Our results showed that simulated populations parameterized with the field‐observed demographic rates collapsed for short sperm storage durability, but were viable for a durability of one year or longer. In contrast, the simulated populations with a low initial density were only viable in human‐altered landscapes for sperm storage durability of 4 years. We find that sperm storage is an effective mechanism that can reduce the strength of the mate‐finding Allee effect and contribute to the persistence of low‐density populations. Our study highlights the key role of sperm storage in the dynamics of species with limited movement ability to facilitate reproduction in patchy landscapes or during population expansion. This study represents the first quantification of the effect of sperm storage durability on population dynamics in different landscapes and population scenarios.
Application of antagonist Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 against Botrytis cinerea in postharvest Red Globe grapes
Authors: Zhou Qingxin , Fu Maorun , Xu Minhui , Chen Xiangyan , Qiu Jiying , Wang Fengli , Yan Ran , Wang Junhua , Zhao Shuangzhi , Xin Xue , Chen Leilei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 against the gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea in the postharvest Red Globe grapes. The disease incidence, lesion diameter, decay index, and some resistance‐related enzymes were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity of grape treated with 1 × 104 CFU/ml B. cinerea alone and combined with 1 × 107 CFU/ml NCPSJ7 was also determined. The results showed that NCPSJ7 + B. cinerea reduced the disease incidence, lesion diameter, and decay index of postharvest grapes and enhanced the activities of polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, chitinase, and β‐1,3‐glucanase during different storage periods. Furthermore, the oxidative resistance, demonstrated by an escalating trend in the total phenolic content, DPPH free radical clearance rate, reducing power, and superoxide anion clearance rate after lesion presence, was improved. However, NCPSJ7 showed an inhibitory effect on gray mold, but resulted in the reduced antioxidant capacity in the grapes.
Individualized prediction of late‐onset dysphagia in head and neck cancer survivors
Authors: Aylward Alana , Park Jihye , Abdelaziz Sarah , Hunt Jason P. , Buchmann Luke O. , Cannon Richard B. , Rowe Kerry , Snyder John , Deshmukh Vikrant , Newman Michael , Wan Yuan , Fraser Alison , Smith Ken , Lloyd Shane , Hitchcock Ying , Hashibe Mia , Monroe Marcus M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited data exist regarding which head and head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors will suffer from long‐term dysphagia.MethodsFrom a population‐based cohort of 1901 Utah residents with HNC and ≥3 years follow‐up, we determined hazard ratio for dysphagia, aspiration pneumonia, or gastrostomy associated with various risk factors. We tested prediction models with combinations of factors and then assessed discrimination of our final model.ResultsCancer site in the hypopharynx, advanced tumor classification, chemoradiation, preexisting dysphagia, stroke, dementia, esophagitis, esophageal spasm, esophageal stricture, gastroesophageal reflux, thrush, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were associated with increased risk of long‐term dysphagia. Our final prediction tool gives personalized risk calculation for diagnosis of dysphagia, aspiration pneumonia, or gastrostomy tube placement at 5, 10, and 15 years after HNC based on 18 factors.ConclusionWe developed a clinically useful risk prediction tool to identify HNC survivors most at risk for dysphagia.
The value of implementation frameworks: Using the active implementation frameworks to guide system‐wide implementation of Collaborative Problem Solving
Authors: Pollastri Alisha R. , Wang Lu , Youn Soo Jeong , Ablon J. Stuart , Marques Luana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, many implementation frameworks have emerged that consolidate the research on implementation science, guiding purveyors and service agencies in improving implementation of evidence‐based practices (EBPs). In this paper, we describe how the purveyor of one EBP utilized the active implementation frameworks (AIFs) to define and standardize strategies for site‐wide implementation. We illustrate what implementation looked like before and after using AIFs to understand implementation, as well as some ways in which using the AIFs helped the purveyor identify, and then overcome, barriers to implementation. This paper provides a model for others who seek to use AIFs to guide their implementation practices, or more broadly, an illustration of how to use any implementation framework to ensure best practices in implementation.
Overexpression of cyclin A1 promotes meiotic resumption but induces premature chromosome separation in mouse oocyte
Authors: Li Jian , Dong Feng , Ouyang Ying‐Chun , Sun Qing‐Yuan , Qian Wei‐Ping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMammalian cyclin A1 is prominently expressed in testis and essential for meiosis in the male mouse, however, it shows weak expression in ovary, especially during oocyte maturation. To understand why cyclin A1 behaves in this way in the oocyte, we investigated the effect of cyclin A1 overexpression on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Our results revealed that cyclin A1 overexpression triggered meiotic resumption even in the presence of germinal vesicle breakdown inhibitor, milrinone. Nevertheless, the cyclin A1‐overexpressed oocytes failed to extrude the first polar body but were completely arrested at metaphase I. Consequently, cyclin A1 overexpression destroyed the spindle morphology and chromosome alignment by inducing premature separation of chromosomes and sister chromatids. Therefore, cyclin A1 overexpression will prevent oocyte maturation although it can promote meiotic resumption. All these results show that decreased expression of cyclin A1 in oocytes may have an evolutional significance to keep long‐lasting prophase arrest and orderly chromosome separation during oocyte meiotic maturation.
Fat‐to‐muscle ratio as a predictor of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults
Authors: Seo Young‐Gyun , Song Hong Ji , Song Young Rim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe present study evaluated the associations of the fat‐to‐muscle ratio (FMR) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR) in Korean adults using nationally representative survey data.MethodsA two‐stage stratified sampling method was reflected in a cross‐sectional study involving a total of 13 032 participants aged ≥ 19 years who participated in the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA‐IR) was used to evaluate IR and was calculated as follows: [fasting plasma glucose level (mg/dL) × fasting plasma insulin level (uIU/mL)]/405. MetS was defined using the 2006 International Diabetes Federation criteria, and FMR was measured using whole‐body dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and calculated as follows: total fat mass (kg) divided by total lean mass (kg). In addition, the optimal FMR cut‐off values for detecting MetS and the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS risk were determined according to the FMR quartile and sex.ResultsAmong all participants, the proportion of women was 58.4%, and the mean age was 44.22 ± 0.26 years. The FMR significantly differed between men and women (0.30 ± 0.002 vs. 0.53 ± 0.003, respectively, P < 0.001), and the prevalence of MetS and IR gradually increased as FMR increased (P for trend: <0.001). The optimal FMR cut‐off value for detecting MetS was higher in women than in men (0.555 vs. 0.336, respectively). The negative predictive value was the highest in normal‐weight participants (0.9992 in women and 0.9986 in men), while the positive predictive value was the highest in obese participants (0.5994 in women and 0.5428 in men). Based on the derived cut‐off FMR, a high FMR was associated with poor outcomes in terms of cardiometabolic risk markers (P < 0.001). The multivariable‐adjusted ORs for MetS, abdominal obesity, and IR (HOMA‐IR ≥ 3) were 5.35 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.39–6.52], 7.67 (95% CI: 6.33–9.30), and 3.25 (95% CI: 2.70–3.92), respectively, in men and 5.59 (95% CI: 4.66–6.72), 7.48 (95% CI: 6.35–8.82), and 2.55 (95% CI: 2.17–3.00), respectively, in women.ConclusionsIn the present study, a high FMR was significantly associated with the prevalence of MetS and IR. The present findings also showed that FMR can be a novel indicator for detecting the absence or presence of MetS, particularly in metabolically healthy normal‐weight individuals and metabolically obese obese‐weight individuals.
A green approach for treatment of wastewater with manganese using wood ash
Authors: Mosoarca Giannin , Vancea Cosmin , Popa Simona , Boran Sorina , Tanasie Cristian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the circular economy context, the present article proposes a green technical solution by manganese ions adsorption on oak wood ash and the reuse of the new waste generated by the adsorption process as soil amendment.RESULTSThe influence of the main process variables: pH, adsorbent dose and contact time was investigated for optimal manganese ions adsorption. The highest adsorption efficiency of the wood ash (more than 98%) was recorded at pH 6, adsorbent dose of 10 g L−1 and contact time 15 min. The ion adsorption process is best described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second‐order kinetic model. Maximum adsorption capacity, 54.94 mg g−1, is better than other adsorbent materials previously used for manganese adsorption. The exhausted wood ash, resulted after the manganese adsorption was used as soil amendment for barley crop, Hordeum vulgare L. The beneficial effect upon the studied plants was highlighted using the specific parameters: germination percent (up to 10% higher), plant average length (higher by 14–35%), biomass (up to 200%) and relative growth rate (higher by 6–12%) compared to those obtained for the control sample.CONCLUSIONThese results show that all the wastes involved have been used successfully and support the proposed eco‐friendly technical solution for some industrial wastes management. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Person or thing oriented: A comparative study of individual differences of first‐year engineering students and practitioners
Authors: Bairaktarova Diana N. , Pilotte Mary K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundEngineering practice is meant to advance the human condition, yet curricula do not appear to fully promote the human‐centered philosophy of engineering in implementation. The educational system may inadvertently signal to students that engineering is a career choice better suited for those preferring to work with things rather than people. This framing of the profession prompts questions regarding student interests when compared to those of practicing engineers and how such interests become concrete through education and introduction into the profession.Purpose/HypothesisWe compare engineering students' and practitioners' interest in working with people or things in their environment. We examine gender differences for each sample.Design/MethodsMultiple analysis of variance was used to examine the samples of practicing engineers (n = 339) and first‐year engineering students (n= 383). A multiple‐group confirmatory factor analysis provides evidence of measurement invariance and justifies the use of the person–thing orientation (PO–TO) scale structure for both samples.ResultsDetailed PO values reveal that students' PO scores (n = 383, M = 3.313) are more than one and a half points lower than practicing engineer counterparts examined (n = 339, M = 4.836). However, no significant difference between practicing engineers and students was found for TO. Further, statistically significant differences in PO and TO were found between male and female participants within both samples, students and practicing engineers.ConclusionsDifferences detected in PO and TO across the samples suggest possible environmental factors influencing student perspectives of the engineering profession. This condition may inadvertently discourage more diverse students from pursuing engineering.
An efficient synthesis of 9‐anthrone lactone derivatives via the Knoevenagel condensation and intramolecular cyclization
Authors: Tan Weiqiang , Zheng Jifang , Guan Jing , Zhan Xiuzhi , Gao Liming , Lyu Lili , Shan Bin , Yang Qipeng , Ma Mingliang , Xia Yan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOne‐step synthesis of 9‐anthrone lactone derivatives from 1‐acetyloxyanthraquinone with a variety of dicarbonyl substrates in the presence of K2CO3 by Knovenagel condensation and intramolecular cyclization is developed. Possible reaction mechanisms have been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT), which has been widely used in the study of reaction mechanism. The strategy could be useful for the synthesis of the core structure of marine natural product aspergiolide.
Defining Typical Acetaminophen and Narcotic Usage in the Postoperative Rhinoplasty Patient
Authors: Justicz Natalie , Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Yamasaki Alisa , Lindsay Robin W. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo characterize the acetaminophen and narcotic use pattern of the postoperative rhinoplasty patient. To describe a pain level and pain medication usage pattern of the typical post‐rhinoplasty patient and identify demographic considerations.Study DesignProspective cohort study at a tertiary care center.MethodsRhinoplasty patients were given standardized perioperative pain instructions and narcotic medication (18 tabs oxycodone) along with a pain medication use survey. Postoperatively, survey and tracking information was collected regarding narcotic and acetaminophen use at their first postoperative appointment. Patients were asked about non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, aspirin, and chronic opioid use. Narcotic and acetaminophen use along pain levels (1–10) at time of use were recorded by patients at 4‐hour increments postoperatively until their first postoperative visit.ResultsPain medication usage (oxycodone and acetaminophen) peaked on (postoperative day 1) POD1. Pain was significantly higher in younger patients (30 years old or younger), female patients, and primary rhinoplasty patients. Pain was correlated with acetaminophen and oxycodone use for women, and acetaminophen used for men. Autologous rib grafting was not correlated with higher narcotic use.ConclusionDescribing a pain medication usage pattern for the typical post‐rhinoplasty patient provides both patients and clinicians important knowledge of postoperative pain expectations and has the potential to reduce both the amount of narcotic prescribed by providers and the amount of narcotic used by patients.Level of Evidence4 (Case Series) Laryngoscope, 131:48–53, 2021
Noise Exposure on the London Underground, an Observational Study over a Decade
Authors: Singh T , Biggs Timothy , Crossley Eleanor , Faoury Morad , Mahmood Abid , Salamat Ali , Patterson Tom , Jayakody Nimeshi , Dando Alexander , Sipaul Fabian , Marinakis Konstantinos , Sudhoff Holger , Brown Phillip 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesThere are no hearing protection regulations in place for passengers using public transport, such as the London Underground. In light of this, we sought to examine sound pressure levels experienced by regular users of the London Underground.MethodsSound pressure levels (A‐weighted decibels: dBA) were taken on moving London Underground carriages between Euston and South Wimbledon on the Northern Line, and between Euston and Vauxhall on the Victoria Line, during 2006 and 2018. In addition, carriage sound pressure levels travelling within Zone 1 of the London Underground were tested in 2019. Three experimental and three technical repeats were undertaken using a hand‐held calibrated multi‐function sound level meter.ResultsPassengers are routinely and consistently subjected to sound pressure levels exceeding 80 dBA, with levels sometimes reaching over 100 dBA.ConclusionThis study is unique within the literature, with no published studies outlining exposure levels for London Underground passengers. It provides evidence of elevated noise exposure to passengers, consistently along large stretches of the London Underground, over a prolonged study period (2006–2019).Key WordsSensorineural hearing losssound pressureexposureLondonundergroundtube.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 2020
Bioactive components, in vitro digestibility, microstructure and application of soybean residue (okara): a review
Authors: Kamble Dinkar B. , Rani Savita 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOkara is a by‐product of soymilk production with a rich nutritional profile, particularly in proteins, fibers, lipids, and bioactive components. Okara has the potential for value‐added production and utilization—choices that, at the same time, deliver on the promise of increased economic advantages along with a reduction in environmental pollution. Research on bioactive constituents, in vitro digestibility and structural aspects (microstructure and infrared spectroscopy) suggests its potential as an ingredient with high bioactive components and digestibility score, along with varied structural strength, which may be of great importance to the food industry while developing new products with okara integration. Further, various food formulations made from the addition of okara flour also suggested the potential of this low‐cost waste ingredient to enhance the nutritional value and address the various health‐related issues such as obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia diseases. Therefore, this mini review summarizes the existing literature with a view to establish an extensive knowledge base for the composition and utilization of okara. In addition, structural and digestibility aspects of okara are also highlighted as they may determine the quality and acceptability of the product.
Fast Oxygen Scavenging of Macroporous Poly(Norbornadiene) Prepared by Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Authors: Vakalopoulou Efthymia , Borisov Sergey M. , Slugovc Christian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEmulsion templated norbornadiene is cured via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization yielding macroporous poly(norbornadiene) foams of 76% porosity exhibiting appealing stiffness combined with considerable ductility. The foams are readily oxidized in the presence of air at room temperature exhibiting an oxygen uptake capacity of more than 300 mg O2 g−1 foam. In closed volumes of air, a final oxygen level of a maximum of 0.0005 vol%, that is, 5 ppm(v) can be achieved after several hours at room temperature. The synergism of the porous morphology and the chemical nature of the polymer allows for the first example of an organic oxygen scavenger material with properties distinctly surpassing the state‐of‐the art in the field.
Recombinant spider silk coatings functionalized with enzymes targeting bacteria and biofilms
Authors: Seijsing Fredrik , Nilebäck Linnea , Öhman Oskar , Pasupuleti Rajeev , Ståhl Camilla , Seijsing Johan , Hedhammar My 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBacteria forming biofilms on surgical implants is a problem that might be alleviated by the use of antibacterial coatings. In this article, recombinant spider silk was functionalized with the peptidoglycan degrading endolysin SAL‐1 from the staphylococcal bacteriophage SAP‐1 and the biofilm‐matrix‐degrading enzyme Dispersin B from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using direct genetic fusion and/or covalent protein–protein fusion catalyzed by Sortase A. Spider silk assembly and enzyme immobilization was monitored using quartz crystal microbalance analysis. Enzyme activity was investigated both with a biochemical assay using cleavage of fluorescent substrate analogues and bacterial assays for biofilm degradation and turbidity reduction. Spider silk coatings functionalized with SAL‐1 and Disperin B were found to exhibit bacteriolytic effect and inhibit biofilm formation, respectively. The strategy to immobilize antibacterial enzymes to spider silk presented herein show potential to be used as surface coatings of surgical implants and other medical equipment to avoid bacterial colonization.