bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenting stress in families of children with Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Wong Shi‐Bing , Wang Tzong‐Shi , Tsai Wen‐Hsin , Tzeng I‐Sheng , Tsai Li‐Ping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple endocrine, metabolic, respiratory, cognitive, and behavioral/psychiatric symptoms that may lead to severe emotional strain in their caregivers. In this study, we evaluated parenting stress by the Parenting Stress Index‐short form (PSI/SF) and parent‐reported behavioral symptoms by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6–18) in families of children with PWS. Sixty‐seven home‐resident PWS patients and their families were recruited in this study. The patients' mean age was 14.9 ± 8.3 years, and 33 (50.8%) were male. High parenting stress was reported by 41.5% families, as determined by high total stress scores of PSI/SF. The patients in high stress families were significantly older than those in low stress families (18.2 ± 8.0 vs. 12.6 ± 7.8 years, p = .007). CBCL/6–18 was used to evaluate the somatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms of PWS patients aged between 6 and 18 in the subgroup of the 35 families. In this subgroup, 37.1% of families reported high parenting stress. High stress families reported a higher T‐score in anxiety/depression, withdrawn behavior, somatic complaints, thought problems, attention problems, and delinquent and aggressive behavior of their children with PWS. After multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis, the T‐score of somatic complaints was the only factor related to high parenting stress, with an odds ratio of 1.279. Our data demonstrated the high care burden of families with PWS and highlighted the importance of having dedicated medical care for both somatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
The evolution of conservation education and its role in saving apes in Africa
Authors: Bettinger Tammie , Leighty Katherine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe current paradigm of conservation initiatives promotes activities that benefit conservation of wildlife while at the same time improving the welfare of humans living near wildlife habitats. This dual focus of conservation has resulted in an increase in activities that engage local communities. The past decade has seen a shift in how conservation practitioners define the role of conservation education. While once limited to a focus on increasing knowledge and influencing attitudes and behavior of local communities, today the term is used to encompass a range of activities from traditional education to training local people in alternative livelihoods that can positively impact conservation outcomes. This change in the use of the term, as well as the increased awareness of the need to involve local communities in all aspects of conservation activities, has resulted in complex programs that cross many disciplines. This special edition provides examples of current practices at conservation sites focused on apes in Africa.
Optimization of switched interconnected positive systems under state dependent switching with dwell time
Authors: Lian Jie , Wu Feiyue , Yang Yanjun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the optimization problem for a class of switched interconnected positive linear systems (SIPLSs), of which each subsystem is composed of several positive interconnected components. Both the continuous‐time and periodic sampling control schemes are considered. Combining with the characteristics of the interconnection and positivity, a novel class of multiple co‐positive Lyapunov functions is constructed. Based on the multiple Lyapunov functions method, a state‐dependent switching law with a dwell time constraint is introduced so that the state is continuously evaluated after the dwell time. Furthermore, the designed switching law is extended to a new sample‐based scenario where the state is periodically evaluated after the dwell time. In both cases, suitable cost functions are selected to estimate the performance of the SIPLSs, and the upper bounds are calculated. Finally, numerical examples are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented results.
Energy‐optimal transport trajectory planning and online trajectory modification for holonomic robots
Authors: Kim Hongjun , Kim Byung Kook 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo maximize energy efficiency, we suggest minimum‐energy trajectory planning and online trajectory modification algorithms for three‐wheeled omni‐directional mobile robots (TOMRs). First, minimum‐energy multisection trajectory planning for various constraints is performed using Pontryagin's minimum principle. Two strategies are established to formulate an efficient minimum‐energy, multisection trajectory generation algorithm: an online trajectory modification and a control algorithm that maintains energy efficiency are investigated using novel heuristic functions. Compared with the conventional trajectory using the trapezoidal velocity profile, the generated transport trajectory can save energy.
A robust state estimation for a class of uncertain linear time‐invariant descriptor systems
Authors: Saeed Jalali Seyed Mohsen , Akbarzadeh Kalat Ali 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a robust state observer for linear time‐invariant descriptor systems in which parametric uncertainty exists in the derivative, the system, and the input matrices of the system. The proposed approach is based on a new parameterization in state variables such that in the new model, the derivative matrix is known. An observer is suggested for estimating the state of the new model. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the convergence of the observer in the form of a linear matrix inequality (LMI), which can be solved by the YALMIP toolbox. Numerical examples accompanied by comparison are presented to demonstrate the efficient performance of the proposed observer.
A bench‐scale study of potable reuse impacts on surface water treatment
Authors: Adelman Michael J. , Smith Mia S. , Hancock Tony D. , Borchardt James H. , Williams Michael D. , Quicho Joseph , Weber‐Shirk Monroe L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWater utilities are considering raw water augmentation schemes to blend potable reuse water directly into the raw water for existing water treatment plants (WTPs). In this study, bench‐scale testing evaluated the impacts of introducing advanced‐treated reuse water (treated by ozonation, biological active carbon, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and advanced oxidation) into the raw water supply of an existing WTP. To determine whether treatment would remain effective, blends of raw water and reuse water were coagulated, flocculated, and settled in a jar test apparatus matching the flocculator energy dissipation rate of the full‐scale WTP and were tested for filterability, defined as positive removal of turbidity through 5‐μm filter paper. The testing demonstrated that blends were treatable across a range of conditions, and alkalinity was the main observed limitation for treatability. Conditioning the advanced‐treated reuse water to add both hardness and alkalinity buffered against extreme pH drops during coagulation. This also achieved pH and calcium carbonate indexes after treatment that matched the current finished water, but some stability indexes shifted in a more corrosive direction, suggesting a topic for future research. Overall, this study demonstrated that the coagulation, flocculation, settling, and filtration processes of an existing WTP can treat potable reuse blends provided alkalinity is sufficient, and this is an important finding for the viability of raw water augmentation.
Mussel‐inspired polydopamine‐encapsulated carbon dots with dual emission for detection of 4‐nitrophenol and Fe3+
Authors: Liu Qian , Zhao Feifei , Shi Bingfeng , Lü Changli 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) with excellent optical properties are widely used in biomedicine, fluorescence sensing, and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, it is still a challenge to prepare CDs that can stably emit red fluorescence in the water environment. In this study, polydopamine‐encapsulated luminescent carbon dots (CDs@PDA) with an encapsulating structure were synthesized at room temperature from p‐phenylenediamine‐derived red‐light CDs as the core and using mussel‐inspired chemical properties of polydopamine (PDA). In the binary system of water:ethanol = 1: 3 (volume ratio), the as‐prepared CDs@PDA had a dual emission of ultraviolet light (330 nm) and red light (640 nm) with the fluorescence quantum yields of 8.0 and 15.5%, respectively, at the same time under 285 nm light excitation. The as‐prepared CDs@PDA could be directly used for fluorescence selective sensing of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) and Fe3+ through simultaneously quenching of ultraviolet and red fluorescence based on the internal filtration effect mechanism with detection limits of 3.44 and 3.75 μM, respectively. This research showed that PDA‐coated CDs can significantly improve the photoluminescence stability of CDs with new optical features. This means that the encapsulated structure of mussel chemistry is very helpful for expanding the application range of CDs in the water environment.
MiR‐1471 protects the aggravation of non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma by targeting FOXL1
Authors: Shi Donglei , Zhang Kun , Li Guangquan , Zhao Yinghao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study detected the expression pattern of miR‐1471 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, and analyzed the prognostic significance of miR‐1471 in NSCLC. Subsequently, potential targets of miR‐1471 were screened for assessing the potential molecular mechanism in NSCLC. A total of 47 primary NSCLC cases treated by radical resection and systematic lymphadenectomy in the department of thoracic surgery were collected, as well as their clinical data. MiR‐1471 levels in NSCLC tissues were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The prognostic potential of miR‐1471 in NSCLC was assessed by Kaplan–Meier method, followed by log‐rank test. Potential target genes of miR‐1471 and the binding sites were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, and screened for the optimal one. The binding relationship between miR‐1471 and the target FOXL1 was examined by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Subsequently, biological functions of miR‐1471 and FOXL1 in NSCLC cell functions were explored by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and flow cytometry. MiR‐1471 was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and its level was correlated to TNM staging in NSCLC patients. Overall survival was poor in NSCLC patients expressing low level of miR‐1471. Overexpression of miR‐1471 attenuated proliferative ability and arrested cell cycle progression in G1/S phase. FOXL1 was confirmed to be the target gene binding miR‐1471. Its expression pattern and biological functions in NSCLC cells were contrary to those of miR‐1471. MiR‐1471 is downregulated in NSCLC samples, which is related to TNM staging and prognosis in NSCLC patients. Therefore, miR‐1471 suppresses the malignant aggravation of NSCLC via inhibiting the translation of FOXL1 mRNA. In addition, it could be used as an effective biomarker for predicting the prognosis in NSCLC.
Interleukin‐5 deletion promotes sepsis‐induced M1 macrophage differentiation, deteriorates cardiac dysfunction, and exacerbates cardiac injury via the NF‐κB p65 pathway in mice
Authors: Liang Wanqian , Li Jianhua , Bai Caiyan , Chen Yingen , Li Yan , Huang Guotao , Wang Xuehui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInflammation plays a crucial role in sepsis‐induced cardiac injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) affected lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cardiac injury by regulating the inflammatory response. First, the expression level and source of cardiac IL‐5 were examined, and the results showed that LPS treatment and cecal ligation decreased cardiac IL‐5 expression in macrophages. In addition, LPS was used to establish a mouse sepsis model, and the effects of IL‐5 deletion on cardiac injury, M1 macrophage differentiation and myocardial cell apoptosis were analyzed. The results showed that IL‐5 deficiency significantly increased cardiac injury marker expression, worsened cardiac dysfunction, promoted M1 macrophage differentiation and exacerbated myocardial cell apoptosis in LPS‐induced septic mice. The nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) p65 pathway was inhibited by JSH‐23, and the results showed that treatment with JSH‐23 inhibited M1 macrophage differentiation and alleviated cardiac injury in LPS‐treated IL‐5‐knockout mice. Furthermore, the effects of IL‐5 deficiency on M1 macrophage differentiation and myocardial cell apoptosis were measured in vitro. The IL‐5‐mediated promotion of M1 macrophage differentiation was also reversed by S31‐201, and the pro‐apoptotic effect of IL‐5 knockout on macrophage‐mediated myocardial cell apoptosis was also reversed by JSH‐23. In conclusion, we found that IL‐5 knockout may exacerbate sepsis‐induced cardiac injury by promoting M1 macrophage differentiation in mice. IL‐5 may be a potential target for the clinical prevention of sepsis‐related cardiac injury.
γ‐Linolenic and Stearidonic Acids from Boraginaceae of Diverse Mediterranean Origin
Authors: Guil‐Guerrero José Luis , González‐Fernández María José , Lyashenko Svetlana , Fabrikov Dmitri , Rincón‐Cervera Miguel Ángel , Urrestarazu Miguel , Gómez‐Mercado Francisco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThirty Boraginaceae species from different tribes were evaluated in a search of γ‐linolenic (GLA, 18:3n‐6) and stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n‐3)‐rich oils. The high GLA percentages were found in the seed oils of Symphytum bulbosum and S. tuberosum subsp. tuberosum (27.6 and 27.2 % of total fatty acids (FA)), which are unusually high values for GLA‐oils in the current literature. On the whole seed, noticeable GLA percentages were found in S. grandiflorum, S. tuberosum subsp. tuberosum and Borago officinalis (7.43, 4.90, and 4.51 g/100 g, respectively). The main SDA‐taxa detected in this study were Buglossoides arvensis, B. incrassata and Glandora oleifolia (21.3, 18.9, and 16.3 % of total fatty acids). On total seed weight, Glandora rosmarinifolia showed the highest SDA content (3.57 g/100 g). Finally, the higher FA contents were found in S. grandiflorum and Paramoltkia doerfleri seeds (35.2 and 37.0 g/100 g, respectively). Principal component analysis showed that similarities in FA profiles allow grouping species as botanical criteria for Boraginaceae tribes do, while the FA groupings confirm the metabolic activities of desaturase and elongase enzymes. Data on the FA composition of the seed oils analyzed here suggest their potential use as functional foods and can be considered as novel sources of SDA and GLA.
Atypical presentation of barium reflux due to bronchoesophageal fistula
Authors: Han Yeon Jae , Park Geun‐Young , Im Sun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubtle signs of an abnormal communication from the esophagus to the respiratory tract space via the fistula may be missed and can result in delayed diagnosis. Our case shows an atypical presentation of a fistula during barium swallowing test.
Metal‐Free Synthesis of Aryl Selenocyanates and Selenaheterocycles with Elemental Selenium
Authors: Zhang Xue , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Zhou Yun‐Bing , Liu Miao‐Chang , Wu Hua‐Yue 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis work reports a green method for the synthesis of aryl selenocyanates via a three‐component reaction of arylboronic acids, Se powder, and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) under metal‐free and additive‐free conditions. Remarkably, TMSCN acts as not only the substrate, but also the catalyst. Various selenaheterocycles can be also accessed with a catalytic amount of TMSCN.
Computational and Experimental Study of Turbo‐Organomagnesium Amide Reagents: Cubane Aggregates as Reactive Intermediates in Pummerer Coupling
Authors: Planas Ferran , Kohlhepp Stefanie V. , Huang Genping , Mendoza Abraham , Himo Fahmi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe dynamic equilibria of organomagnesium reagents are known to be very complex, and the relative reactivity of their components is poorly understood. Herein, a combination of DFT calculations and kinetic experiments is employed to investigate the detailed reaction mechanism of the Pummerer coupling between sulfoxides and turbo‐organomagnesium amides. Among the various aggregates studied, unprecedented heterometallic open cubane structures are demonstrated to yield favorable barriers through a concerted anion‐anion coupling/ S−O cleavage step. Beyond a structural curiosity, these results introduce open cubane organometallics as key reactive intermediates in turbo‐organomagnesium amide mixtures.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Central Gujarat, India
Authors: Siddha Swayam , Sahu Paulami 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe groundwater quality of Vishwamitri River Basin (VRB), Central Gujarat, is assessed to evaluate its competency to meet the agricultural and drinking standards, and to determine associated human‐health risk by consumption of this groundwater, if any. The overall groundwater quality for drinking is expressed by water quality index. Various indices like sodium adsorption ratio, salinity hazard, soluble sodium percentage, magnesium adsorption ratio, and Kelly's ratio represent groundwater's agricultural suitability. A health risk assessment model is used to measure non‐carcinogenic human health hazard. Results reveal that i) trace metals like lithium, manganese, molybdenum, strontium, thallium, vanadium and zinc are present in groundwater indicating contamination of groundwater by hazardous industrial and agricultural wastes; ii) groundwater of about 78% of VRB area is unsuitable for drinking; iii) positive values of Schoeller index of maximum groundwater samples indicate that ion exchange of Na+ and K+ with Ca2+and Mg2+ is the dominant mechanism to control the quality of groundwater; iv) SAR values indicate high to very high salinity of groundwater and therefore, it is unsuitable for irrigation; and v) the health risk assessment model discloses that the risk of gastrointestinal disorder is higher in children than adults; and oral ingestion is more dangerous than dermal exposure.
Co‐staining of KCa3.1 Channels in NSCLC Cells with a Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probe and Antibody‐Based Indirect Immunofluorescence
Authors: Brömmel Kathrin , Maskri Sarah , Bulk Etmar , Pethő Zoltan , Rieke Marius , Budde Thomas , Koch Oliver , Schwab Albrecht , Wünsch Bernhard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Ca2+ activated potassium channel 3.1 (KCa3.1) is involved in critical steps of the metastatic cascade, such as proliferation, migration, invasion and extravasation. Therefore, a fast and efficient protocol for imaging of KCa3.1 channels was envisaged. The novel fluorescently labeled small molecule imaging probes 1 and 2 were synthesized by connecting a dimethylpyrrole‐based BODIPY dye with a derivative of the KCa3.1 channel inhibitor senicapoc via linkers of different length. Patch‐clamp experiments revealed the inhibition of KCa3.1 channels by the probes confirming interaction with the channel. Both probes 1 and 2 were able to stain KCa3.1 channels in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells following a simple, fast and efficient protocol. Pre‐incubation with unlabeled senicapoc removed the punctate staining pattern showing the specificity of the new probes 1 and 2. Staining of the channel with the fluorescently labeled senicapoc derivatives 1 or 2 or with antibody‐based indirect immunofluorescence yielded identical or very similar densities of stained KCa3.1 channels. However, co‐staining using both methods did not lead to the expected overlapping punctate staining pattern. This observation was explained by docking studies showing that the antibody used for indirect immunofluorescence and the probes 1 and 2 label different channel populations. Whereas the antibody binds at the closed channel conformation, the probes 1 and 2 bind within the open channel.
A high‐performance FPGA‐based multicrossbar prioritized network‐on‐chip
Authors: Alaei Mohammad , Yazdanpanah Fahimeh 
Published: October 2020

SummaryHigh performance system‐on‐chip (SoCs) designs have led to high‐density integrated circuits using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for rapid prototyping and reconfigurable digital circuits. Using FPGA reconfigurability, it is possible to design a configurable network‐on‐chip (NoC) for different applications. NoC architectures provide efficient communication infrastructures for implementing very large SoCs. In this article, we propose HiFMP, a high‐performance FPGA‐based multicrossbar prioritized NoC router. The aim followed by the proposed router is designing a low‐power NoC router with high performance in terms of energy‐efficiency, network throughput, area, and latency for efficient FPGA realization. HiFMP is a parameterizable router, and is effectively used for an FPGA‐based NoC with mesh topology. Performance evaluations include network‐level analysis and hardware exploration; the results demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance of HiFMP in terms of latency, throughput, power consumption, and area, comparing with the existing related architectures.
Self‐Assembly of Ferrocene‐Phenylalanine@Graphene Oxide Hybrid Hydrogels for Dopamine Detection
Authors: Zhang Gong , Wang Jiahui , Wang Yuefei , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe effect of graphene oxide (GO) is explored on the self‐assembly behavior of ferrocene‐L‐phenylalanine (Fc−F) in solution. The assembly behavior of Fc−F in GO dispersions at different concentrations and pH values was systematically investigated. At pH 8, a stable hybrid material could be formed by facile and elaborate supramolecular assembly. Moreover, the concentration of GO could also be used to adjust the mechanical strength of the hybrid hydrogel. Increasing the concentration of GO in the assembly process, a hydrogel with better mechanical strength could be obtained. The storage modulus could be up to 6.3 kPa by increasing the GO concentration to 1 mg/mL. Finally, the dopamine concentration in the solution could be detected in a high accuracy by loading the hybrid hydrogel onto the electrode surface. The R2 of linear fitting equation could reach 0.9915 in the range of 10–200 μmol/L, indicating that it has the potential as biosensing electrode material.