bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech Act Realization on Handbook Mitigation Disaster in Japan
Authors: Radhiya Rd. Januar , Martawijaya Asteria Permata 
Published: June 2020

This study investigates speech act strategies used in earthquake mitigation handbooks in Japan, and focuses on finding the type of communicative functions of the speech act strategies used. The government of Japan has provided online and printed handbooks for the people, to reduce risks to a minimum level regarding the disaster so people can prepare beforehand. The data in this study were collected from online leaflet and handbook regarding earthquake mitigation provided by 9 government city’s websites, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, and by collecting actual handbook and leaflets from Indonesian lives in Japan. The data were analysed using descriptive qualitative method. Collected data then categorized into assertive and directive speech acts, negative and positive politeness based on Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory, and focusing on expression of consideration (hairyo hyougen). This study found that there are 659 statements related to earthquake disaster mitigation collected from the data. Also, the findings showed that there are 179 assertive and 480 directives speech acts, with more of imperative directive speech than prohibition directive speech. Moreover, Japanese government tend to use hairyou hyougen on their leaflet and handbook disaster mitigation to show respect to the reader.
What Makes Difficult to Keep Learning Japanese? Demotivational Factors Affecting on Indonesian University Students
Authors: Yamashita Junko 
Published: June 2020

Demotivation can negatively influence the learner’s attitudes and behaviors, and result in negative learning outcomes. This paper investigates factors contributing to demotivation in learning Japanese as a foreign language in Indonesia, and the relationship between demotivating factors and present proficiencies. A seventeen-item questionnaire was completed by 157 Indonesian university students. As the result of exploratory factor analysis, questionnaire items consequently grouped to four categories: Course difficulty, Speaking anxiety, Devalued learning, and Boredom.The validity of the four-factor structure was verified by the confirmatory factor analysis method. In addition, two-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the relationship between demotivational factors and proficiency level. As a result, statistically significant differences were found between Low and High groups in all the factors, and between Middle and High groups in the factors expect for Devalued learning. In addition, the scores of Speaking anxiety and Boredom consistently scored the highest among the four factors. However, the degree of demotivation was decreased as the learners’ Japanese proficiency improved. Findings from this study indicated that teachers should strive to make classes not only less anxious but also more interesting. Moreover, teachers should scaffold learners, especially low proficient beginners to prevent or minimize their demotivation.
Koping Religius Remaja ODHA di Kota Bandung
Authors: Aisyah Popy Siti , Widianti Anggriyana Tri , Lusiani Eli 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAKRemaja dengan HIV AIDS merupakan kelompok minoritas yang berkebutuhan khusus yang harus ditingkatkan kualitas hidupnya . Aspek spiritual sangat berperan penting dalam kehidupan remaja dimana bisa menjadi bagian perlindungan diri terhadap status kesehatan yang buruk. Keyakinan religius akan mempunyai peran penting dalam pengambilan keputusan yang besar dalam hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengekplorasi koping religius remaja dengan HIV AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Cemara Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Tehnik pengambilan sampling menggunakan purposeful sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 5 orang partisipan remaja ODHA dengan teknik semi-indepth interview. Pengolahan data menggunakan pendekatan Empirical Phenomenological Psychological untuk mendapatkan tema – tema yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Adapun tema-tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian adalah penyakit yang dialami sebagai hukuman dari tuhan, koping religius pasif, religisiusitas yang rendah,self directing koping. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan remaja ODHA menggunakan pola koping religius negatif. Berdasarkan penelitian diatas diperlukan suatu upaya integrasi asuhan keperawatan dengan pendekatan spiritual pada remaja HIV khususnya kelompok LSL. ABSTRACTHIV infected adolescent are a minority group with special needs who must improve their quality of life. Spiritual aspect is important to adolescents, is usually considered a protective factor against a host of negative health outcomes. Religious faith have role in making major life decisions. The purpose of this study was to explore the religious coping of adolescents who are diagnosed with HIV AIDS. The study was conducted at Rumah Cemara Bandung. This research is a qualitative phenomenology design with decriptive explorative. The sampling technique used purposeful sampling. The data collection from five participants with semi in depth interviewed. Data analysis were used the empirical phenomenological Psychological method. The themes found in this study are illness was experienced as punishment from God, passive religious coping, low religiousity, self directing coping. This showed HIV infected adolescent with homosexual behaviour tended negative religious coping patterns. The result suggest that spiritual care is important for adolescent are diagnosed with HIV with homosexuality.
The nature of relationship between some health parameters in infants born with hypoplastic type mild intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry O. , Derevtsov Vitaly V. 
Published: June 2020

Objective. Assessing the relationship between health indicators in infants born with intrauterine growth retardation (JGR) of hypoplastic type of mild severity among themselves, compared with infants born without IGR, and with practically healthy infants from practically healthy mothers.
Materials and methods. Under the supervision were 109 infants. From mothers with a burdened somatic and obstetric-gynecological history, 84 children were born: 15 (gr. 1) with mild of hypo-plastic type IGR, 69 (gr. 2) without IGR. The control group (gr. 3) consisted of 25 healthy children born to healthy mothers. All observed babies were born full-term. They were examined in dynamics at the age of 1 (n = 104), 3 (n = 98), 6 (n = 92), 12 (n = 94) months. Outcome recording methods were a comprehensive case history analysis, physical examination, assessment of electrocar-diography and cardiointervalography. Distribution-free statistical analysis methods.
Results. A correlation was found at 23 days between weight and body length (r = 0.63), body weight and stress index (r = 0.56), sympathetic activity and stress index (r = 0.84), intraatrial and atrioventricular conductivity (r = 0.64); at 1 month between sympathetic activity and stress index (r = 0.62); at 3 months between weight and body length (r = 0.79), sympathetic activity and stress index (r = 0.87), sympathetic activity and intraventricular conduction (r = 0.67), intraatrial and atrioventricular conduction (r = 0.71); at 6 months between weight and body length (r = 0.81), body weight and intraatrial conduction (r = 0.65), body weight and electric systole (r = 0.58), sympathetic activity and stress index (r = 0.92); at 12 months between body length and intraatrial (r = 0.74), body length and atrioventricular conduction (r = 0.76), sympathetic activity and stress index (r = 0.94), sympathetic activity and electrical systole (r = 0.71), stress index and intraventricular conduction (r = 0.68), stress index and electric systole (r = 0.69), intraatrial and stress index (r = 0.9), atrioventricular conduction and electric systole (r = 0.63).
Conclusions. The revealed correlation communications between of some studied parameters allow doctors to allocate groups of dispensary observation, to diagnose changes at early stages of the pathological process, conduct correctional actions with assessment of their efficiency.
The availability of vitamin D in children of the first year of life with food allergies residing in conditions of military conflict in Donbass
Authors: Nalyotov Andrew V. , Shapchenko Tatyana I. , Svistunova Natalia A. , Vakulenko Maxim V. 
Published: June 2020

The problem of vitamin D deficiency is one of the most actual today. According to numerous clinical studies, its insufficiency of this micronutrient is registered in half of the worlds population.
Aim of the study. To study the provision of vitamin D in infants, suffering from food allergy and living in the Donbass in a military conflict.
Materials and methods. 105 infants living in the Donetsk Peoples Republic suffering from food allergy were examined. The level of vitamin D in serum in these patients was studied by determining serum levels of 25(OH)D.
Results and discussion. Insufficient vitamin D levels were found in 57.1 4.8% infants with food allergy, which was significantly higher (р 0.05) compared to healthy children (12.5 5.2%). At the same time, children with food allergies, long-term living near the region of active hostilities, statistically significant (р 0.001) often had a reduced level of vitamin D. It was found that in the group of patients with low level of vitamin D polyvalent food allergy was determined statistically significantly more common compared to the group of patients with normal level of vitamin D.
Conclusion. Infants, suffering from food allergy and living in the Donetsk Peoples Republic in a long-term military conflict are characterized by a decrease in vitamin D level, which may play a role in the formation of the immune response, the development of clinical symptoms of pathology and disrupt the development of tolerance to the food allergens.
Levantamento do Perfil de Consumo Final de Água em Instituição de Ensino: Estudo de Caso em Londrina – PR
Authors: Buso Weiller Giovana Cristina , Dos Santos Latiara Remigio 
Published: June 2020

O artigo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa subsidiado pela Funadesp[1], o qual busca viabilizar a implantação de sistema de aproveitamento de água pluvial para fins não potáveis em Instituições de Ensino. O trabalho busca conhecer o perfil de consumo final de água em uma Instituição Pública de Ensino na cidade de Londrina, cujo projeto padrão foi implantado em diversas cidades paranaenses. Foram realizados levantamentos de dados junto aos usuários da instituição no ano de 2018, através de entrevistas por amostragem e observações in loco; identificação dos pontos de utilização de água; análise de histórico de faturas de consumos; e medição de vazão dos equipamentos hidráulicos existentes. Após a análise e correção dos dados se constatou um consumo de água de 6,03 litros/pessoa/dia, dos quais 66,25% são utilizados para fins não potáveis, indicando um extenso campo de atuação de projetos de reuso/reaproveitamento de água para essa finalidade. Dessa forma, espera-se contribuir para o projeto piloto em parceria com os órgãos públicos, dando continuidade ao estudo de viabilidade para implantação de sistema de aproveitamento de água pluvial para usos não potáveis, através da substituição da água destinada às descargas das bacias sanitárias dos alunos, as quais representaram 54,14% do consumo total da instituição; além de estimular campanhas de utilização consciente desse recurso hídrico na comunidade.

Palavras-chave: Consumo de Água. Perfil de Uso. Água Potável e Não-Potável.

Abstract
The article is part of a research project subsidized by Funadesp, which seeks to make feasible the implementation of a rainwater harvesting system for non-potable purposes in educational institutions. The paper aims to know the final water consumption profile in a public educational institution in the city of Londrina, whose standard project was implemented in several cities of Paraná. Data were collected from institution users in the year 2018, through interviews by sampling and in loco observations; identification of points of water use; historical analysis of consumption invoices; and flow measurement of existing hydraulic equipment. After the data analysis and correction, it was found out that there were 6.03 liters / person / day water consumption, of which 66.25% is used for non-potable purposes, indicating an extensive operation field reuse / recycling projects for this purpose. Thus, it is expected to contribute to a pilot project in partnership with public bodies, continuing the feasibility study for rainwater utilization system deployment for non-potable uses, by replacing the flush water the students’ toilets, which represented 54.14% of the total consumption of the institution; besides stimulating campaigns of conscious use of this water resource in the community.

Keywords: Water Consumption. Use Profile. Potable Water and Non-Potable Water.
Energia Fotovoltaica e a Importância dos Módulos Fotovoltaicos
Authors: Soares Everton Carlos , Paganini Costa Paula 
Published: June 2020

A necessidade da descoberta, da melhoria e da implantação de novos métodos de obtenção de energia é uma realidade do planeta e vem sendo sanada e aprofundada através de contínuas pesquisas por profissionais dos campos energéticos, as pesquisas se intensificam com o intuito na busca de métodos sustentáveis e não poluentes que agridam cada vez menos o planeta. A geração de energia fotovoltaica vem se consolidando satisfatoriamente em vista dos demais meios de obtenção de energia, devido depender primordialmente na energia solar, item abundante e inesgotável no planeta. Devido ao clima em que está inserido o Brasil é um país com grande perspectiva de crescimento dos meios fotovoltaicos, depende de incentivos no que tange aos equipamentos, tais como, módulos e placas necessários na implementação, para isso é necessário um maior conhecimento quanto a viabilidade, quanto aos componentes envolvidos na instalação e aos métodos de implementação adequados a cada situação, porém de maneira geral foi observado que no Brasil a longo prazo os meios fotovoltaicos são indicados e apresentam resultados satisfatórios tanto em aspectos econômicos quanto em meios sustentáveis.

Palavras-chave: Energéticos. Fotovoltaica. Módulos. Pesquisas. Sustentáveis.

Abstract
The need for the discovery, improvement and implementation of new methods of obtaining energy is a reality of the planet and has been healed and deepened through continuous research by professionals in the energy fields, the researchers are intensifies with the intention of searching for sustainable and non-polluting methods that attack less and less the planet. The generation of photovoltaic energy has been consolidating satisfactorily in view of the other ways of obtaining energy due to depend primarily on solar energy, an abundant and inexhaustible item on the planet. Due to the climate in which Brazil is inserted is a country with great perspective of growth of the photovoltaic means, depends on incentives in terms of equipment, such as modules and boards required in the implementation for this, a greater knowledge about the feasibility, the components involved in the installation and the implementation methods appropriate to each situation is necessary, but in general it was observed that in Brazil in the long term the photovoltaic media are indicated and present satisfactory results both in economic aspects and in sustainable means.

Keywords: Energy. Photovoltaic. Modules. Researches. Sustainable.
Comparative Study of Nursing PhD. Education Program in Iran and Colombia School of Nursing
Authors: Gooshi Dehaghi M , Vafadar Z 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: In order to enhance and guarantee the quality of Nursing PhD. programs, this study aimed to compare the Nursing PhD. curriculum in Iran and Columbia University of Nursing and make suggestions for improving its quality.
Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was performed in 2019. The four-stage Beredy model of description (explaining both educational system), interpretation (explaining historical, financial and social basics of systems), neighborhood and comparison (based on their sharing and differentiations) was used to compare the Iranian nursing education program with Colombia School of Nursing. Data were collected by Persian and English searching. Then, the data were compared according to the aim of the research.
Result: Colombia School of Nursing has a long history of Nursing PhD Education. curriculum for Nursing PhD course in Iran has common points in course structure and characteristics with curriculum in Colombia school of nursing. Both programs were fully times. Both universities programs base on strategic programing has mission, perspective and values. Nursing PhD.. Education program interview and last history of research has important to submitting of student. Both curriculums based on researches and loser attention on clinical education.
Conclusion: In Iran with attention of society condition, field needs and under graduated demands change and review of program is necessary. More emphasize on research and don’t attention on clinical education is on of weak points in Iran Nursing PhD. Education. Therefore with attention in advanced country experiments and Iranian society needs struggling to improving week points and strengthening of strong point advised.
Public-Private Partnership in Providing and Promoting Health Services; A critical review
Authors: Mirzaii Hiwa , Barkhordari Shoresh , Shaarbafchizadeh Nasrin , Rezayatmand Reza , Akbari Faezeh 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Public-private partnerships can provide the health systems with the required resources to prevent disease, render effective care services, and promote individual and community health. The purpose of this study was to review application of the public-private partnership model in the delivery and promotion of health services to investigate the scope of this model and its success in health systems.
Information sources and selection methods for the study: This critical review was conducted by conducting a search in the databases of ISI, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, ‌SID, and Magiran using a combination of the following keywords: public-private partnership, health promotion, health delivery, health improvement, health service, health care services, and providing health services. No time limit was considered in the research process. A total of 238 articles were extracted and reviewed.
Results: Finally, 12 eligible articles were studied, which resulted in 4 main themes: public-private partnerships and prevention, public-private partnerships and infectious-communicable diseases, public-private partnerships and chronic diseases, and public- private partnerships and clinical health services design and information.
Conclusion: The public-private partnerships were successful if supported and organized by the government. In most studied articles, the extent of private sector participation and its benefits were not clear. So, clarification of the interactions between these two sectors will increase the confidence of policymakers in public-private partnerships.
Az atomerőművek üzemidejének meghosszabbítása az Egyesült Államokban és Magyarországon
Authors: Paulovics Anita 
Published: June 2020

This paper is about the legal regulation of the extension of the operation time of nuclear power plants. In Hungary the most important document in this respect has been the National Energy Strategy analyzed in the paper. In Hungary, the legal regulation of the extension of the time limit of the operation-permit of nuclear power plants is modelled on that of the United States. For this reason, the paper examines the rules in force in the USA on the extension of the operation time. It could be of interest for several European countries considering to extend the operation time of their nuclear power plants.
Deterring or Entertaining? Can the Caning Punishment Execution in Aceh Meet its Objective?
Authors: Fadlia Faradilla , Susilawati Novi , Ramadani Ismar , Sari Novita 
Published: June 2020

This article probes whether the implementation of the caning sentence in Aceh may reach its objective of deterrent effect given the way the execution conducted. From the field observation, the flogging was not much different from entertainment. The mass gathered in one place to watch the execution; they include children, street vendors, researchers, and journalists. There was a stage, VIP seats for guests, loudspeakers, administrative arrangements, and the caning punishment procession. Using a qualitative research approach with an in-depth interview method, it seeks to understand how the community involved in the caning execution was and how the government was designed the sentence as such and why. It finds that while the government saw the caning law as the implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh, the people perceived its execution more as entertainment. The government has used the caning sentence execution as a demonstration of power, often for a political gain, because it emphasizes its presence not only as of the guardian of shari’a for Acehnese but also as a devout politician who keeps his political promises. Yet, little of this punishment deterrent effect conveyed to the society due to the way it was staged and executed.Keywords: Qanun Jinayat, Aceh, Caning Punishment, Stage, Entertainment, Deterrent Effect.
Islam, Islamic Law and Constitution Making: International and Domestic Engagement in the Constitution-Making Process in Afghanistan
Authors: Rofii Ahmad 
Published: June 2020

The making of the 2004 Constitution was a significant moment amidst the continuing conflicts in Afghanistan. It was an attempt to transform differences and conflicts into a shared agenda for the future of the country. The process of constitution-making in Afghanistan was marked by intense negotiations between the international community and actors, on the one hand, and domestic actors, on the other. The outcome would be called a “win-win solution”. This essay focuses on the making of the Islam-related clauses: How was the public participation? How has the negotiation been undertaken? What was the result and why? This essay is an attempt to answer those questions. It will argue that the process of constitution-making in Afghanistan particularly with regard to the Islam clauses is the acts of negotiations between different competing actors. The Constitution is the product of negotiations not only between international and domestic actors, but also between domestic actors. As evident in the making of the Islam clauses, these negotiations might be characterized as between puritan Islamist and more moderate Muslim actors.Keywords: constitution-making, Afghanistan, the 2004 Constitution, Islam clauses, Islamic.