bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoisoamyl DMSA reduced copper-induced neurotoxicity by lowering 8-OHdG level, amyloid beta and Tau protein expressions in Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Patwa Jayant , Thakur Ashima , Sharma Abha , Flora S J S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: copper dyshomeostasis has long been linked with several neurodegenerative disorders. The binding of Cu with amyloid beta and other neuronal proteins in the brain leads to the generation of oxidative stress, which eventually causes neurotoxicity. Method: the present study was aimed at elucidating the efficacy of monoisoamyl 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA) and d-penicillamine (DPA) (0.3 mEq kg−1, oral administration for 2 weeks) against Cu(ii)-induced (20 mg kg−1, oral administration for 16 weeks) neurotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Results: we observed that the MiADMSA treatment modulated the altered oxidative and nitrosative stress parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Significant improvements were noticed in the neurobehavioral parameters except for the memory parameter. We also observed moderate improvement of memory impairment in the rats treated with MiADMSA and DPA post Cu(ii) exposure, as assessed by a passive avoidance test. Disease progression involves multiple factors and results in the up-regulation of intra and extracellular proteins such as amyloid beta and tau proteins; the expressions of these proteins were significantly reduced by the treatment proposed in our study, and these results were confirmed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The expression of caspase-3 was higher in Cu(ii)-exposed rats, whereas it was lower in the MiADMSA-treated group. The proposed treatment reduced the copper-induced histological changes in the cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain. Conclusion: it can be summarised from the present study that MiADMSA is effective in reducing Cu(ii)-induced oxido-nitrosative stress, antioxidant defense enzymes, neurobehavioral changes, neuronal markers, apoptotic markers, and their genetic expressions. We conclude that chelation therapy using MiADMSA might be a promising approach for the treatment of copper-induced neurotoxicity.
SOC estimation algorithm of power lithium battery based on AFSA‐BP neural network
Authors: Wang Qiuxia , Wu Peizhou , Lian Jialing 
Published: July 2020

The non‐linear characteristic of power lithium battery restricts the establishment of accurate battery models. To overcome this problem and estimate the battery state of charge (SOC) more accurately, the artificial fish swarm algorithm‐back propagation (AFSA‐BP) neural network structure was designed based on AFSA and BP neural network theory. According to the test parameters of power lithium battery, the related mathematical model was established. The flow charts of optimising BP neural network with AFSA algorithm and estimating SOC value by AFSA‐BP algorithm are given. The specific implementation steps are elaborated. Using the 48 V, 50 Ah lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) power battery as experimental object, through the periodic charging and discharging experiments and software simulation, the correctness, validity and accuracy of the application of AFSA‐BP neural network in estimating SOC value of the power lithium battery are verified.
The GAPS Programme at TNG
Authors: Baratella M. , D’Orazi V. , Biazzo K. , Desidera S. , Gratton R. , Benatti S. , Bignamini A. , Carleo I. , Cecconi M. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Ghedina A. , Harutyunyan A. , Lanza A. F. , Malavolta L. , Maldonado J. , Mallonn M. , Messina S. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Poretti E. , Scandariato G. , Sozzetti A. 
Published: July 2020

Context. The detailed chemical composition of stars is important in many astrophysical fields, among which is the characterisation of exoplanetary systems. Previous studies seem to indicate an anomalous chemical pattern of the youngest stellar population in the solar vicinity that has sub-solar metal content. This can influence various observational relations linking the properties of exoplanets to the characteristics of the host stars, for example the giant planet-metallicity relation.
Aims. In this framework, we aim to expand our knowledge of the chemical composition of intermediate-age stars and understand whether these peculiarities are real or related to spectroscopic analysis techniques.
Methods. We analysed high-resolution optical and near-infrared spectra of intermediate-age stars (<700 Myr) that have been observed simultaneously with HARPS-N and GIANO-B spectrographs in GIARPS mode. To overcome issues related to the young ages of the stars, we applied a new spectroscopic method that uses titanium lines to derive the atmospheric parameters, in particular surface gravities and microturbulence velocity parameter. We derived abundances of C I, Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, Ca I, Ti I, Ti II, Cr I, Cr II, Fe I, Fe II, Ni I, and Zn I.
Results. The lack of systematic trends between elemental abundances and effective temperatures validates our methods. However, we observed that the coolest stars in the sample, where Teff < 5400 K, display higher abundances for the ionised species, in particular Cr II, and for high-excitation potential C I lines.
Conclusions. We found a positive correlation between the higher abundances measured of C I and Cr II and the activity index log RHK′. Instead, we found no correlations between the C abundances obtained from CH molecular band at 4300 Å and both effective temperatures and activity. Thus, we suggest that these are better estimates for C abundances in young and cool stars. Finally, we found an indication of an increasing abundance ratio [X/H] with the condensation temperature for HD 167389, indicating possible episodes of planet engulfment.
Mobilität und Sturzprävention bei selbstständig lebenden älteren Menschen
Authors: Freiberger Ellen , Sieber Cornel C. , Singler Katrin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn increasing proportion of oldest old persons (over 80 years) accompanies the demographic change. Furthermore, the gender ration will also change and the percentage of older men will increase. Mobility is an important factor for maintaining independence and for “healthy aging”. Mobility has to be regarded in the context of individual and environmental factors. With increasing age, the risk of mobility limitation increases. Next to mobility, falls are also a drastic experience for older persons and cannot only have physical consequences like injuries but also psychological consequences as fall-related psychological concerns. These psychological consequences can produce negative behavior e. g. reducing physical activity.
Polymyalgia rheumatica mit und ohne Großgefäßvaskulitis
Authors: Schmidt Wolfgang A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is characterized by rapidly evolving shoulder and pelvic girdle pain with fatigue, weight loss, night sweats and elevated CRP and ESR. Giant cell arteritis (GCA) can occur in PMR and vice versa. Headache and scalp tenderness are typical for GCA. GCA may be complicated by visual loss or by strokes.Imaging, particularly ultrasound, is helpful for distinguishing PMR from similar conditions such as shoulder osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and chondrocalcinosis. Subdeltoid bursitis, biceps tenosynovitis and hip joint effusions are common in PMR. The diagnosis of GCA needs to be either confirmed by imaging or by histology. Ultrasound is the imaging method of choice provided that expertise and adequate equipment are available. Inflamed arteries exhibit a concentric wall thickening. Patients with extracranial GCA are younger, more often female. Vasculitis commonly involves the aorta, subclavian arteries, axillary arteries and other arteries. The diagnosis of extracranial GCA may be confirmed by ultrasound, CT, MRI or PET.Prednisolone with a starting dose of 15–25 mg/d for PMR and of 40–60 mg/d for GCA results in rapid improvement of symptoms. Fast-track clinics provide clinical and ultrasound examinations by experts within 24 hours. Their introduction led to a decrease of visual loss in GCA. The prednisolone dose can be discontinued within 1 year in about 50 % of GCA patients. Additional treatment with tocilizumab allows to reduce flares and decrease glucocorticoid doses. Tocilizumab is particularly useful in patients with relapses and with increased risk of glucocorticoid side effects.
Position Paper of the German Society for Interventional Radiology (DeGIR) on Prostatic Artery Embolization
Authors: Kovács Attila , Bücker Arno , Grimm Marc-Oliver , Habermann Christian R. , Katoh Marcus , Massmann Alexander , Mahnken Andreas H. , Meyer Bernhard C. , Moche Michael , Reimer Peter , Teichgräber Ulf , Wacker Frank K. ,   In Zusammenarbeit mit der DeGIR-Lenkungsgruppe Wissenschaft und dem DeGIR-Vorstand
Published: July 2020

Background In recent years prostate artery embolization (PAE) evolved into a clinically established minimally invasive endovascular treatment option for lower urinary tract symptoms caused by benign prostate syndrome (BPS).
Methods In this interdisciplinary position paper, initiated by the steering group for research of the German Society for Interventional Radiology (IR), the method of PAE is presented and discussed in the context of current evidence.
Results PAE is a safe IR procedure for the treatment of BPS. In terms of symptom relief, measured with the IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score), the PAE has comparable effect, similar to the historic gold standard, transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate. With regard to reducing subvesical obstruction PAE is inferior to TUR, but does not limit subsequent surgery. Based on current evidence, PAE is recommended by the British National Institute for Health and Care Excellence as an alternative therapy. The feasibility under local anaesthesia and the preservation of sexual function are important arguments for patients in favour of interventional therapy. Patient selection and therapy concepts require close interdisciplinary collaboration between urologists and radiologists.
Conclusion Effectiveness and safety of PAE for the treatment of BPS are proven. Further randomized trials should focus on long term outcome and help to identify most suitable indications for PAE.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Isoprene: A Promising Coupling Partner in C–H Functionalizations
Authors: Chen Qing-An , Zhang Wei-Song , Hu Yan-Cheng 
Published: July 2020

Five-carbon dimethylallyl units, such as prenyl and reverse-prenyl, are widely distributed in natural indole alkaloids and terpenoids. In conventional methodologies, these valuable motifs are often derived from substrates bearing leaving groups, but these processes are accompanied by the generation of stoichiometric amounts of by-products. From an economical and environmental point of view, the basic industrial feedstock isoprene is an ideal alternative precursor. However, given that electronically unbiased isoprene might undergo six possible addition modes in the coupling reactions, it is difficult to control the selectivity. This article summarizes the strategies we have developed to achieve regioselective C–H functionalizations of isoprene under transition-metal and acid catalysis.1	Introduction2	Catalytic Coupling of Indoles with Isoprene3	Catalytic Coupling of Formaldehyde, Arenes and Isoprene4	Catalytic Coupling of 4-Hydroxycoumarins with Isoprene5	Catalytic Coupling of Cyclic 1,3-Diketones with Isoprene6	Conclusion and Outlook
Lifetime Psychosocial Stress Exposure Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Caplan Madeleine , Keenan-Devlin Lauren S. , Freedman Alexa , Grobman William , Wadhwa Pathik D. , Buss Claudia , Miller Gregory E. , Borders Ann E.B. 
Published: July 2020

Objective Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) complicate 5 to 10% of all pregnancies and are a major cause of pregnancy-related morbidity. Exposure to psychosocial stress has been associated with systemic inflammation and adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women. Thus, it is probable that psychosocial stress and inflammation play a role in the development of HDP. The primary objective of this analysis was to determine if a woman's lifetime psychosocial stress exposure was associated with an increased risk of HDP. Additionally, we examined whether serum inflammation was an underlying biological mediator for this relationship.
Study Design A multisite prospective study was conducted in a sociodemographically diverse cohort of 647 pregnant women. At a study visit between 12 and 206/7 weeks' gestation, maternal psychosocial stress was assessed with six validated assessments and inflammation was measured via log-transformed serum concentrations of interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-13, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. A composite stress score was calculated for each participant from the six stress assessments. The diagnosis of HDP was abstracted from the medical record and was defined as the presence of gestational hypertension after 20 weeks of pregnancy and/or preeclampsia. The association between composite stress and HDP was determined using binary logistic regression. Inflammation, using the six inflammatory biomarkers, was tested as a potential mediator between stress and HDP.
Results Participants with higher composite stress scores were more likely to develop HDP (odds ratio [OR]: 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–2.12). When adjusted for known risk modifiers, including maternal age, race/ethnicity, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, diabetes, chronic hypertension, and smoking during pregnancy, the risk remained unchanged (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03–2.20). No mediation effect by inflammation was observed.
Conclusion Independent of known risk factors, women exposed to greater composite stress burden across the life course are at increased risk of developing HDP.
Key Points
Simulations of Deliveries of SARS-CoV-2 Positive Pregnant Women and Their Newborn Babies: Plan to Implement a Complex and Ever-Changing Protocol
Authors: Rastogi Shantanu 
Published: July 2020

Management of severe acute respiratory Syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected pregnant women at time of delivery presents a unique challenge. The variability in the timing and the method of delivery, ranging from normal vaginal delivery to an emergent cesarean section, adds complexity to the role of the health care providers in the medical care of the patient and in the interactions, they have with other providers. These variations are further influenced by the availability of isolation rooms in the facility and adequacy of personal protective equipment. The protocols already set in place can be further challenged when the facility reaches its capacity to manage the patients.To fulfill the goal of providing adequate management to the SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women and their infants, avoid variation from suggested guidelines, and decrease risk of exposure of the health care workers, the health care provider team needs to review the variations regularly. While familiarity can be achieved by reviewing the guidelines, clinical case simulations provide a more hands-on approach.Using case-based simulations and current guidance from the Center for Disease Control, American Academy of Pediatrics, and recent reviews, we discuss a management guideline developed at our institution to facilitate provision of care to SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women during delivery and to their infants, while protecting health care providers from exposure, and in keeping with the local facility logistics.
Key Points
A Comparison of Central Anatomic Single-Bundle Reconstruction and Anatomic Double-Bundle Reconstruction in Anteroposterior and Rotational Knee Stability: Intraoperative Biomechanical Evaluation
Authors: Ikuta Yasunari , Nakamae Atsuo , Shimizu Ryo , Ishikawa Masakazu , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Ochi Mitsuo , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPostoperative anterior and rotational stability are still controversial when compared with single-bundle (SB) and double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This study aimed to compare the central anatomical SB and anatomical DB ACL reconstruction in intraoperative knee kinematics during continuous knee flexion-extension. A total of 34 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction using the hamstring tendon were evaluated intraoperatively before and immediately after ACL reconstruction using OrthoPilot ACL Navigation System Version 3.0. The patients were prospectively randomized into the central anatomical SB (17 knees) and the anatomical DB reconstruction (17 knees) groups. The tibial translation and rotation were continuously measured during knee flexion-extension under conventional knee motion, anterior tibial load (100N), and internal-external torque (3 N·m). The anterior tibial translation and total range of tibial rotation were calculated from the measurement values from 20 to 50 degrees at each 5-degree point. The anterior tibial translation (p = 0.59; two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance; η
2G = 0.0077) and total range of tibial rotation (p = 0.95; η
2G = 0.0001) at each knee flexion angle showed no significant difference between the central anatomical SB and anatomical DB reconstruction groups. It is suggested that the central anatomical SB reconstruction is comparable with the anatomical DB reconstruction in biomechanical anteroposterior and rotational knee stability at time 0.
Comparison of Nasal CPAP versus Bi-level CPAP in Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Özer Bekmez Buse , Dizdar Evrim Alyamaç , Büyüktiryaki Mehmet , Sari Fatmanur , Uraş Nurdan , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Oğuz Şerife Suna 
Published: July 2020

Objective The optimal noninvasive ventilation (NIV) modality in the treatment of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is still unknown. The aim of this study was to compare nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) versus bi-level CPAP in the treatment of TTN.
Study Design This was a prospective randomized study that was conducted in a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit of Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital during the 1-year period between April 2017 and March 2018. The study included infants at ≥34 gestational weeks and birth weight ≥2,000 g who were diagnosed with TTN. The patients were randomized to either NCPAP or bi-level CPAP groups as initial respiratory support. The primary outcome was the rate of NIV failure.
Results A total of 151 infants were incorporated into the study. The intubation rate was significantly higher in the NCPAP group (15/75) compared with the bi-level CPAP group (6/76) (p = 0.032). There was a significant decrease in the level of pCO2 at the 12 (60.7 ± 6.7 vs. 66.3 ± 8.8, p = 0.017) and 24 (50 ± 8 vs. 53 ± 10, p = 0.028) hours of NIV in the bi-level CPAP group compared with the NCPAP group. Duration of NIV, total respiratory support, hospital stay, and the incidence of pneumothorax were similar between the groups.
Conclusion Bi-level CPAP reduced the rate of NIV failure and pCO2 levels at the 12 and 24 hours in late preterm and term infants with a diagnosis of TTN.
Key Points
Clinical Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Viable Preterm Period
Authors: Gulersen Moti , Blitz Matthew J. , Rochelson Burton , Nimaroff Michael , Shan Weiwei , Bornstein Eran 
Published: July 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine the rate of preterm birth (PTB) during hospitalization among women diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 23 and 37 weeks of gestation and whether this rate differs by gestational age at diagnosis of infection.
Study Design Retrospective, cross-sectional study of all women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection between 23 and 37 weeks of gestation within a large integrated health system from March 13 to April 24, 2020. Cases with severe fetal structural malformations detected prior to infection were excluded. Women were stratified into two groups based on gestational age at diagnosis: early preterm (230/7 to 336/7 weeks) versus late preterm (34 to 366/7 weeks). We compared the rate of PTB during hospitalization with infection between the two groups. Statistical analysis included use of Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher exact tests, as well as a multivariable logistic regression. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value <0.05.
Results Of the 65 patients included, 36 (53.7%) were diagnosed in the early preterm period and 29 (46.3%) were diagnosed in the late preterm period. Baseline demographics were similar between groups. The rate of PTB during hospitalization with infection was significantly lower among women diagnosed in the early preterm period compared with late preterm (7/36 [19.4%] vs. 18/29 [62%], p-value = 0.001). Of the 25 patients who delivered during hospitalization with infection, the majority were indicated deliveries (64%, 16/25). There were no deliveries <33 weeks of gestation for worsening coronavirus disease 2019 and severity of disease did not alter the likelihood of delivery during hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–1.59). Increased maternal age was associated with a lower likelihood of delivery during hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection (aOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.58–0.96), while later gestational age at diagnosis of infection was associated with a higher likelihood of delivery during hospitalization (aOR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.67–8.09).
Conclusion The likelihood of PTB during hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection is significantly lower among women diagnosed in the early preterm period compared with late preterm. Most women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the early preterm period recovered and were discharged home. The majority of PTB were indicated and not due to spontaneous preterm labor.
Key Points
Metabolomic fingerprinting as a powerful diagnostic tool to assess the effects of abiotic stress in plants and seeds
Authors: Uarrota Virgílio Gavicho , Garcia Jaquelini , de Andrade Gisiane Camargo , de Fátima Moreira de Bairros Ângela , Nerling Daniele , Stefen Deivid , Rocha Miguel , Maraschin Marcelo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Metabolomics is the analysis of an array of small-molecule metabolites known to be involved in a given biochemical pathway, and plant metabolism is perturbed by various abiotic stresses. In this review, basic definition of metabolomics, analytical tools used, metabolomic approaches, and how metabolomic techniques are used to assess the effects of abiotic stressors in plants and seeds are discussed. A brief summary shows that metabolomic techniques are powerful to dissect plant and seed responses to abiotic stress such as water, temperature, light, heavy metals, ions, salinity, and pollutants. It enables us to gain not only a comprehensive overview but also a detailed analysis of crucial components of plant and seed metabolic responses to abiotic stress, and it has proved to be a very important tool for the science and will continue making a contribution toward a better understanding of biological mechanisms that explain tolerance or susceptibility of plants and seeds to abiotic stress in the near future, which is being faced by increased climate changes.