bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accessory spleen - In clinical perspective
Authors: Nivargi Shubha , R. Kirankumar , Kulkarni Umesh , Hukkeri V B 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAccessory spleen is a developmental anomaly of spleen with an incidence of 10-30% of the population. During routine cadaveric dissection in the department of Anatomy, BIMS, Belgaum, a case of accessory spleen was found in a middle aged female cadaver. The accessory spleen was located in the gastrosplenic ligament with size less than 3 cm in diameter. The embryological basis of this splenic anomaly and its clinical implications are discussed in this article.
Study of clavicle : length and curvatures in South Indian population
Authors: Sudha R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and aim of the study: The clavicle is a subcutaneous bone most frequently fractured at the junction of its lateral and middle third of the shaft. Anatomical variations of the curvatures of clavicle can be of relevance for surgical correction procedures like intramedullary or internal plate fixation. The aim of the present study was to observe variations of length and medial and lateral angles of curvatures of the clavicle in a sample of South Indian population. Materials and methods: One hundred and thirteen unpaired clavicles (50 left side, 63 right side) of unknown sex and age were studied from the bone collection available at Anatomy departments of Annapoorana Medical College, Vinayaka Mission's Medical and Homeopathy Colleges, Salem. To measure the angles, Parsons method and a protractor was used. Length of the clavicle was measured with a Vernier Calipers. Observation: The average length of the clavicle was found to be 13.74cm left side and 13.76cm on the right side. The average medial angle of the clavicle on the left side is 146° and right side is147.5°. The average lateral angle on the left side is 144° and right side is 142.05°.The total average angle of the clavicle is 290.30° on left side and 289.59° on right side. Conclusion: The average length of the clavicle on the right side is more than the left side. The medial angle on the right side and the lateral angle on left side are more than corresponding opposite sides. These variations can be useful for the orthopaedic surgeons during the surgical correction procedures of clavicle fractures.
Variations in palmar dermatoglyphics among congenital deaf cases: a comparative study
Authors: Suresh B S , Y. Raghavendra A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Dermatoglyphics, the scientific study of the origin, development and variation of dermal ridges and patterns on the fingers, palms and soles have been employed to observe association with many congenital defects and genetic diseases. Congenital deafness refers to a hearing loss which is believed to have been present since birth. A congenitally deaf child is also a mute because for normal speech to develop in a child, hearing sensation must be intact. Materials and methods: The study involved 100 congenital deaf and mute children of age groups ranging from 7 years to 20 years. Out of them 50 were males and 50 females. The following parameters were considered after collecting the prints : Digital patterns, digital counts, a-b ridge count (which is done by counting the ridges found at the intersect between point 'a'- the base of the index finger to point 'b' - the base of the middle finger), 'atd' (angle made by connecting the 'a', 't'and'd' triradii points on the palm and 'dat' angles (angle made by joining the 'd', 'a' and 't' triradii points on the palm). Results: The study revealed considerable decrease in mean TFRC(Total finger ridge count), AFRC(Absolute finger ridge count) and mean ridge count in both male and female deaf cases. The mean atd angle in both cases were increased. The mean (a-b) ridge counts were decreased in both male and female deaf cases. Qualitative analysis revealed increase in arches and decrease in whorls of all cases. Conclusion: The present study reveals the differences in the dermatoglyphic patterns in congenital deaf cases. The results of this study could be of great importance to clinicians with respect to genetical basis in the identification of the cases at early stages.
A study of variations of sacral hiatus of dry human sacra in north interior Karnataka region
Authors: Shinde Vijaykumar , Bhusaraddi P S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and aims: The shape of sacral hiatus is known to show a number of anatomical variations. The shape and extent of sacral hiatus is important because in caudal epidural anaesthesia, the approach is made through sacral hiatus. The detailed anatomical knowledge of variations of sacral hiatus is very helpful to the anaesthetists to increase the success rate of caudal anaesthesia. The present study is an attempt to find out variations of sacral hiatus in north interior Karnataka region. Materials and methods: For the present study, one hundred dry human sacra obtained from north interior Karnataka region were used. Results: The inverted U shaped sacral hiatus was most common (56%). Inverted V shaped sacral hiatus was found in 24% of sacra. The other variations like irregular shaped hiatus (10%), bifid hiatus (2%), dumbbell shaped hiatus (5%), complete spina bifida (1%) and absent hiatus (2%) were also found. Conclusion: Abnormal shapes of sacral hiatus like irregular, bifid, dumbbell, completespina bifida and absent hiatus were seen in 20%of total 100 sacra belonging to north interior Karnataka.
Munc13-1 MUN domain and Munc18-1 cooperatively chaperone SNARE assembly through a tetrameric complex
Authors: Shu Tong , Jin Huaizhou , Rothman James E. , Zhang Yongli 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Neurons in the brain communicate with each other by release of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitter release is mediated by 3 membrane-anchored SNARE proteins and various regulatory proteins, including Munc13-1 and Munc18-1. SNAREs couple their folding and assembly to membrane fusion in a regulatory protein-dependent manner. The physiological pathway of the regulated SNARE assembly, however, is unclear. We found that the MUN domain of Munc13-1, Munc18-1, and 2 SNAREs—syntaxin 1 and VAMP2—associate into a weak tetrameric complex. The third SNARE protein, SNAP-25B, rapidly binds the 2 SNAREs in the complex to form a ternary SNARE complex likely with a displacement of the regulatory proteins. Therefore, Munc13-1 and Munc18-1 cooperatively chaperone SNARE assembly, a process required for neurotransmitter release.
Microglial IRF5-IRF4 regulatory axis regulates neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia and impacts stroke outcomes
Authors: Al Mamun Abdullah , Chauhan Anjali , Qi Shaohua , Ngwa Conelius , Xu Yan , Sharmeen Romana , Hazen Amy L. , Li Jun , Aronowski Jaroslaw A. , McCullough Louise D. , Liu Fudong 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Cerebral ischemia is a powerful stimulus to induce pro- and antiinflammatory responses, with the former destructive and the latter reparative in the disease progress. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, are the key cells in initiating and perpetuating the poststroke inflammation. If microglial activation after stroke can be controlled, the poststroke inflammation will be quenched and stroke outcomes improved. In this study, we identified a key determinant for microglial pro- and antiinflammatory activation, the IRF5-IRF4 regulatory axis. We demonstrated that the manipulation of the axis alters stroke outcomes. This is an important finding, as the IRF5-IRF4 regulatory axis potentially provides stroke scientists with a therapeutic target for the treatment of stroke.
Conceptual design of a high temperature superconducting magnet for a particle physics experiment in space
Authors: Dam Magnus , Battiston Roberto , Burger William Jerome , Carpentiero Rita , Chesta Enrico , Iuppa Roberto , Rijk Gijs de , Rossi Lucio 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the frame of a collaboration between CERN, ASI, University of Trento, and TIFPA, the HTS demonstrator magnet for space project has started to define methods and procedures for manufacturing high temperature superconducting magnets for space applications. To this purpose, we developed a conceptual design of a superconducting magnetic spectrometer for a physics experiment in space. The configuration is a toroid with twelve superconducting coils based on ReBCO tape. By using ReBCO tape with an engineering critical current density, J
e, exceeding 1000 A mm−2 at

4.2

K

and

20

T

, as reached in the H2020-ARIES program, the magnet system provides an average bending strength of

3

T

m

. This is sufficient to measure charged particles with rigidities up to

100

TV

, more than two orders of magnitude higher than the present state-of-the-art space spectrometer. The magnet system requires about

62

km

of

12

mm

ReBCO tape and produces a peak magnetic field of

11.9

T

at an operating temperature of

20

K

. A small scale single coil, which is about one third in size of a coil from the toroidal magnet system, will be manufactured and tested as demonstrator of the magnet technology. The mechanical structure and performance of the toroidal magnet system and demonstrator coil are described.
Research on Distributed Target Assignment Based on Dynamic Allocation Auction Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Haobo , Li Song , Lin Chi , Wang Chuang , Zhong Kaiqi , He Guannan , Zhang Qizhi , Zhao Yuanhao , Liu Jiayi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Under the premise of many types and large numbers of targets, how to solve the problem of rational allocation of dynamic multi-objectives has always been a hot issue for experts and scholars. In this paper, a distributed target allocation method based on dynamic allocation auction algorithm is used to solve this kind of problem. This paper establishes a mathematical model based on air defense combat, and uses this method to solve the problem. Finally, the effectiveness and real-time performance are proved by simulation.
Research on target assignment method based on ant colony-fish group algorithm
Authors: Jiang Haobo , Li Song , Lin Chi , Wang Chuang , Tian Guilin , Wang Siyuan , Zhong Kaiqi , Li Jiakun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Target assignment problem has always been the focus of scholars. The solution of target problem belongs to classical mathematical problem. This paper combines ant colony algorithm with artificial fish swarm algorithm by understanding intelligent algorithm. The concept of crowding degree is introduced into fish swarm algorithm. In the early stage of the algorithm, the dispersion is large, avoiding premature maturity. In the later stage, the convergence speed of the algorithm is faster and the time is saved. Compared with other algorithms, the hybrid algorithm has the characteristics of strong optimization ability and fast speed.
Modeling static microstructure of shape memory alloy via Legendre wavelets collocation method
Authors: He Xuan , Du Haoyuan , Ying Zixiang , Wang Linxiang , Melnik Roderick 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The static microstructures of square-to-rectangular phase transformations are modeled in the current paper. Governing equations are described by the static Navier equations. The analysis of the simulation has been finished via Legendre wavelets collocation method. Microstructure evolutions of both 2D and 1D shape memory alloy (SMA) are capture well with a certain boundary condition and given mechanical loadings.
Automated model generation for electronic devices using neural network approaches
Authors: Zhang Q J , Na W , Li M , Ding Q , Wu G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper describes artificial neural network approaches to convert the conventionally expensive process of electronic modelling into an automated model generation process. Artificial neural networks are trained using machine learning algorithm to learn the electronic behaviour, and the trained neural network becomes a model to help predict the electronic device behaviour. The automated model generation algorithm performs adaptive data sampling to determine the amount and the distribution of training data needed to train neural networks. The algorithm also determines the number of hidden neurons needed to achieve a compact and accurate model. Also incorporated into the automated model generation method is an efficient interpolation approach to make the process much faster. The objective of the described method is to generate a compact neural-network based model with better accuracy and in less time than conventional approach. Examples of automated modeling of radio-frequency and microwave filters used in wireless electronic systems are described showing the advantage of this technique.
Applications of a robust particle tracking velocimetry algorithm in the multiple-parametric measuring system for coal exploration industry
Authors: Xue Weifeng , Wu Changsong , Wang Sujian , Ji Ruijun , Zhang Yang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
With the gradual increase in the average exploration depth of domestic coal industry, the conflict between deep coal exploration technology and exploration requirements is becoming increasingly prominent. A series of exploration disaster accidents caused by geological disasters require a high level of survey technology before the deep coal exploration. In this study, a high-resolution single hole measuring system for aquifers in coal seam is proposed. The entire system can be divided into two parts: hardware and software. The hardware probe integrates various sensors for different physical parameters using optical fibre to communicate with the controlling part above the ground. The home-made software is then used to receive and process the signals of temperature, pressure and orientation, as well as the instantaneous image sequence of aquifer with flowing contaminants. A home-made novel particle tracking velocimetry algorithm based on Voronoi diagram is used as the core algorithm to analyse the image sequence and obtain the magnitude and direction of flow at the measuring spot of aquifer. After practical tests, the system is confirmed to be able to effectively monitor the hydrological conditions of the aquifer in coal seam. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be applied to the evaluation of hydrogeological conditions before well establishment for coal-exploration and to the prevention of potential dangers during the exploration work.
The method to annotate buildings with images from CCTV cameras with an intersecting field of view
Authors: Nazarenko N V , Bekasov D E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Video surveillance and tracking systems help to increase the safety of human activity in a given area and improve detecting the geo-location of an observer (a swarm of drones, autopilot) in modern cities. This article proposes the method for determining the full or partial address (annotation) of buildings by using images from several CCTV cameras with an intersecting field of view. As input parameters, the method takes several images from surveillance cameras, their geographical coordinates and directions of the optical axes and the vector map of the area where the cameras are located. The outputs are annotations of buildings for the initial images. The proposed method allows solving the problem of georeferencing the video analytics system and improving the work of the surveillance and object tracking systems. The resulting annotations of buildings provide an opportunity to determine more accurately the situations with overlapping of the tracked objects with buildings and predict the probable paths of the objects. A lost object on one camera can be found by using annotations from other cameras, which field of view is not overlapped by this building. Besides, the proposed ap0070roach is sustainable to full or partial overlapping of buildings and allows solving to solve the problem in the absence of a detailed height map of the terrain and buildings. Also, the article researches the restrictions of the method. It is necessary to find an angle between two cameras, at which the best result can be achieved. That is, the method should return the correct addresses of all buildings visible in the image.
Research on infrastructure of cloud computing for power application
Authors: Qin Hao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The key development directions of state grid corporation of China, such as smart grid and centralized data centre, all put forward a lot of demands for cloud computing. In general, it is necessary to build a more flexible, convenient and secure information support platform through cloud computing virtualization, distributed, parallel computing and other technical means. Finally let hardware, software to the direction of centralized service evolution.
Compared Analysis of Calculation and Simulation on Heat Transfer Characteristics in PCM Heat Exchange Unit, Part II: Thermal Release Process
Authors: Xu Guizhi , Hu Xiao , Liu Shaoming , Deng Zhanfeng , Zhao Qingqi , Tang Meng , Chen Changnian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this part, the thermal release processes of PCM phase change in the same energy storage unit are analyzed, and the PCM unit model is the same as in Part I: channel number is 39, the plate spacing is 0.01 m, the air channel is 40 with its plate spacing of 0.003 m, and the unit length is total of 1.62 m. MATLAB solution about the above PCM energy storage unit was performed according to the model and physical property data, and the numerical simulation was carried out by using Fluent software as well. The theoretical calculation and numerical simulation were compared and analyzed. For the release process, it also can be seen that only in the case of smaller or larger flow rate working conditions, the solution results of MATLAB for the changing rate of the average temperature of the phase change material inside the system is quite different from the FLUENT simulation result; the total results are very similar to thermal storage process. When the flow rate is higher, the difference between the two results is even smaller than the release process; the comparison result of the PCM liquid rate is different under the small flow rate condition, and this is obvious for the release process, especially under the condition of small flow rate. However, also the maximum error does not exceed 10%. Conclusion can be drown that the flow rate conditions in the model and working conditions are the important factors for affecting the compared results, but the calculation and simulation results can more accurately describe the thermal release characteristics of the PCM phase change energy storage unit, which was calculated in nearly 90% ranges of working conditions, which furtherly illustrates the effectiveness of analytical method used in this paper.
Repetitive floods intensify outmigration and climate gentrification in coastal cities
Authors: de Koning Koen , Filatova Tatiana 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recent floods in America, Europe, Asia and Africa reminded societies across the world of the need to revisit their climate adaptation strategies. Rapid urbanization coinciding with a growing frequency and intensity of floods requires transformative actions in cities worldwide. While abandoning flood prone areas is sometimes discussed as a public climate adaptation option, little attention is paid to studying cumulative impacts of outmigration as an individual choice. To explore the aggregated consequences of households’ outmigration decisions in response to increasing flood hazards, we employ a computational agent-based model grounded in empirical heuristics of buyers’ and sellers’ behaviour in a flood-prone housing market. Our results suggest that pure market-driven processes can cause shifts in demographics in climate-sensitive hotspots placing low-income households further at risk. They get trapped in hazard zones, even when individual risk perceptions and behavioural location preferences are independent of income, suggesting increasing climate gentrification as an outcome of market sorting.
Integrated approach in determining priority environmental issues in Medan City North Sumatra Province
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Perdinan  , Dewi N W S P , Kurniawan H 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMedan City is one of the largest cities in Indonesia. Geographically, Medan City is located between coordinates 2° 27’ – 2° 47’ North Latitude and 98 35’ – 98° 44’ East Longitude. The regional government of Medan is currently carrying out various efforts to overcome environmental problems in Medan City. This study aimed to analyze priority issues that need to be addressed in Medan City. This study was conducted from May to October 2018. The research consisted of several stages of activities, namely: desk review, public consultation with stakeholders, and data analysis. The desk review was conducted to examine various regulations and documents related to the management of Medan’s natural and environmental resources and the environmental problems of Medan City. Public consultation with stakeholders was carried out with focus group discussions (FGD), filling out online questionnaires, and auditing with stakeholders. Priority issues were analyzed using theDriving Force, Pressure, State, Impact and Response(DPSIR) approach. Based on an integrated approach, the main issues obtained were the main problems in Medan, namely: Garbage, Water quality and quantity, and Air quality. The three main issues require rapid handling to prevent environmental damage in Medan City.
Improve the efficiency of the energy services at national electricity company (PLN) using data envelopment analysis (DEA)
Authors: Hendrik  , Pangala J R 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe indicators of economic improvement in energy efficiency have been measured and evaluated globally, one of them was the consumption of energy. However, in Indonesia, the increase in energy efficiency has not been optimally improved in terms of energy consumption, especially for fossil fuel energy consumption and GHG emission. This was caused by the energy resources which was heavily relied on coal-fired power generation and imported crude oil. This paper proposed a solution by providing a good energy efficiency measurement based on the well-developed DEA technique. This study was aimed to provide acceptable energy efficiency, especially any single rupiah of the GRDP produced the people had to consume energy in Indonesia. Thus, optimizing energy efficiency was a key to reduce import dependency, support the green economy, and bring down costs for consumers. This research used input-oriented DEA based on the Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (CCR) model to assess the efficiency scores of PLN in Indonesia implemented in the period 2017. The result revealed that the consumption of energy that any single rupiah of GRDP produced, the provinces at Jawa, Bali, Sumatra, Papua, Maluku, and Nusa Tenggara had to consume energy more than one at Kalimantan and Sulawesi. Based on this study, fossil fuel energy consumption and GHG emissions performance in PLN were very crucial for the future of energy assessment in Indonesia.