bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female leaders and board performance in member‐serving nonprofit organizations
Authors: Dula Lauren , Nicholson‐Crotty Jill , Gazley Beth 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite an active stream of “good governance” research, there is not yet much nonprofit scholarship examining how the gender composition of a board or its leadership relates to board performance. This article helps to fill this gap, focusing on the governance practices of US‐based nonprofits serving a domestic or international membership. A structural equation model finds that the presence of female leaders relates to the performance of nonprofit boards both directly and indirectly through these leaders' presumed influence on board characteristics and operation. This research advances the field by empirically testing a longstanding theory that board performance is both multidimensional and contingent on the market and labor environment, organizational capacity and other characteristics—in this case, gender dynamics. We find there are some positive relationships between female board leadership and clearly defined measures of board performance. These findings also suggest that a strategy to balance a board's gender may serve many nonprofits, but gender representation works in tandem with other board characteristics.
Crystal Structure, Antitumour and Antibacterial Activity of Imidazo[1, 2‐α]pyridine Ligand Containing Palladium Complexes
Authors: Alam Md N. , Yu Jun Q. , Beale Philip , Turner Peter , Proschogo Nick , Huq Fazlul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to similar coordination chemistry of palladium with platinum, a lot of palladium compounds investigated for their anticancer activity after the discovery of cisplatin. Imidazo[1, 2‐α]pyridine is a drug precursor scaffold and has already been successfully utilized to come up with a number of clinical drugs against various diseases. In this present study anticancer and antimicrobial activity of three palladium complexes e. g. [PdL4]2Cl (coded as NH4), PdL2Cl2 (coded as NH5) and [PdL4]2Cl.(4H2O).L (coded as NH6) where L=imidazo[1,2‐α]pyridine ligand has been described. All of the synthesized palladium complexes have been characterized by elemental microanalysis and spectral techniques. [PdL4]2Cl and [PdL4]2Cl.(4H2O).L were also characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction method. MTT reduction assay was used to determine the anticancer activity against three human ovarian tumour models and three colorectal tumour models. PdL2Cl2 has shown moderate anticancer activity with lower resistance factor value against ovarian cancer model compared to clinical standard cisplatin. The same complex also exhibited significant antitumour activity in all colorectal tumour models. The rest of the complexes did not show significant anticancer activity but one of the complexes displayed promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. PdL2Cl2 could act at least as a lead to develop new anticancer agent.
Identification of Organic Materials Used in Gilding Technique in Wall Paintings of Kizil Grottoes
Authors: Zhou Zhibo , Shen Ling , Wang Na , Ren Xiaoxu , Yang Jie , Shi Yanchao , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRed and yellow organic resinous layers were observed beneath the foil decoration of Cave 171 (5th‐7th Century A.D.) in Kizil Grottoes, the earliest Buddhist grottoes in ancient Central Asia. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography‐mass spectroscopy results demonstrated the presence of lac resin and typical pyrolysis of drying oil. In order to overcome the difficulties in confirming the organic materials in different gilding layers, micro‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ‐FTIR) and desorption electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (DESI‐MS) scanning were performed on the painting cross‐section. High contents of di‐carboxylic acids, which are the typical markers of degraded drying oil, are detected in the upper yellow layer and lower red ground, indicating the drying oil was mixed with minium (Pb3O4) as binder for preparing the substrate as well as the mordant for gilding, and lac resin was painted over minium as the background color.
Design of Potential Inhibitors and Prediction of their Activity by the Structural Insight of VEGFR2 Inhibitors: Atom‐based 3D‐QSAR, Fingerprint‐based 2D QSAR and Off‐target analysis.
Authors: Rathi Ekta , Kumar Avinash , Suvarna  , Kini G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVEGF−A is a crucial factor of angiogenesis process in tumor cells. It mediates its biological function through VEGFR2. Therefore, VEGFR2 is a promising target to suppress angiogenesis. Till date, 8‐FDA approved VEGFR2 inhibitors are available but correlated with serious side effects due to off‐target activity of compounds. Hence, these findings alarmed us to find the favorable features of compounds and association of compounds to the serious side effects. To address these question, an Atom‐based 3D and fingerprint‐based 2D QSAR models were constructed. The results of these models assisted us to design the hits 5 a and 6 a with favorable features from the inactive Compound 52 of diaryl urea analogs (IC50=53 μM). The designed hits were subjected for docking, binding free energy calculation, ADME and hERG toxicity in comparison of Compound 52 of diaryl urea analogs. On the contrary to hit 5a and Compound 52 of diaryl urea analogs, hit 6 a possessed crucial interactions with ASP1046 and GLU885 along with acceptable ADMET profile which was affirmed by Molecular Dynamics simulation study. The best hit 6 a was also subjected first time to off‐target analysis employing PoSSuM database.
Computational Studies of CL‐20‐based Materials
Authors: Shi Wenyan , Cang Hui , Yan Xiuhua , Xu Wei , Shao Rong , Liu Chuan‐Wen , Chen Cheng‐Lung 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to investigate mechanical properties of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12‐hexanitro‐2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12‐hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) based materials. The effects of adding acrylate rubber polymer (AR‐71) as binder and dioctyl adipate (DOA) as plasticizer were analyzed. The safety factors of the CL‐20 materials were judged from the various calculated mechanical properties. In addition to these, thermal stabilities of CL‐20 based materials were also investigated by the combinations of quantum mechanical (QM) calculations and MD simulations. The simulation results indicate that addition of AR‐71 and DOA help to stabilize the CL‐20 materials. Our simulation results agree well with experimental observations.
AIEgen‐Based Fluorescent Nanomaterials for Bacterial Detection and its Inhibition
Authors: Roy Ekta , Nagar Achala , Chaudhary Sandeep , Pal Souvik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe infections caused by bacteria have affected human health severely. The bacterial infections spread either directly or indirectly by coming in contact with the food during packaging or by the use of medical devices. The efficient theranostic systems for bacteria provide therapeutic effects that have received attentions in the research field. In this prospect, the fluorescent materials have gained tremendous recognition in the biological applications due to their excellent species diversity, optical properties and high sensitivity. However, most of the conventional fluorophores suffer aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effects in the aggregated state. The opposite of ACQ is Aggregation Induced Emission (AIE), where AIEgens play an important role in the imaging, detecting and killing the bacteria as well. In this context, we have summarized the applications of AIEgens on multiple bacterial imaging, detection, discrimination and antibacterial activity to understand the modern theranostic system.
Generalising a Simple Methodology for the Regioselective Anomeric Deacetylation of Carbohydrates
Authors: Hattie Mitchell , Stubbs Keith A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of methylamine to deprotect 1‐O‐acetyl protected carbohydrates has only attracted limited interest in the literature. Demonstrated here is an approach that is able to be generalized for a wide variety of carbohydrate scaffolds which results in a high yielding, simplified, practical, expedient and clean method to prepare hemiacetals from 1‐O‐acetyl protected carbohydrates.
An Overview of Rhodium‐Catalysed Multi‐Component Reactions
Authors: Shilpa Thomas , Dhanya Raju , Saranya Salim , Anilkumar Gopinathan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMulti‐component reactions have emerged as a powerful synthetic tactic for modern synthetic organic chemists for performing Diversity Oriented Synthesis. In recent years, with the advent of transition metal‐catalysed multi‐component reactions, rhodium catalysed reactions have proven to be promising candidates for delivering highly functionalized products. This review provides an overview of the rhodium‐catalysed multi‐component reactions leading to the formation of various types of compounds such as carbocycles, heterocycles of different types, spirocompounds, vicinal diols, amino acid derivatives etc.
Knoevenagel Condensation and Michael Addition in Bio‐Renewable Deep Eutectic Solvent: Facile Synthesis of a Library of Bis‐enol Derivatives
Authors: Srivastava Suman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCholine chloride and polyethylene glycol based bio‐renewable deep eutectic solvent displayed remarkable activity for the synthesis of bis‐enol scaffolds via knoevenegal condensation followed by michael addition. The green and bio‐renewable deep eutectic solvent is found to be mild, non‐toxic, bio‐compatible, with significant features such as excellent yields, facile preparation, and biodegradable with good recyclability.
Outcome after treatment of distal radius fractures in the elderly using the IlluminOss® System
Authors: Van Oijen Guido W. , Vegt Paul A. , Hagenaars Tjebbe , Van Lieshout Esther M. M. , Verhofstad Michael H. J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Distal radius fractures are very common and account for approximately 17% of all fractures treated. Multiple treatment methods are available to treat these fractures, both operative and nonoperative. This study aimed at evaluating the functional and clinical outcomes after treatment of distal radius fractures with the IlluminOss® System in adult patients.

Methods
A retrospective case series was performed in a single-level two-trauma center. All consecutive adult patients with a distal radius fracture, treated with the IlluminOss® System between 01 August 2012 and 15 August 2015, were included in this study. Baseline patient characteristics and clinical data were retrospectively extracted from the medical records. Radial inclination, volar/dorsal tilt, ulnar variance, and radial length were measured on the latest available standard radiographs. In addition, patients were prospectively subjected to physical examination and were asked to complete the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation, and Short Form-36 questionnaires.

Results
Twenty-six patients with 31 distal radius fractures were included. The median age at time of trauma was 77 years and 96% were females. Five patients developed a total of seven complications. Due to persisting pain one reoperation was performed, removing a small prominent part of the implant. Both patient-reported outcome scores and radiographic results were good to excellent.

Conclusions
The IlluminOss® System is a feasible option to treat distal radius fractures with seemingly good clinical and functional outcome. One out of seven complications required surgical intervention. These outcomes justify more detailed prospective research.
Natural resistance to Potato virus Y in Solanum tuberosum Group Phureja
Authors: Torrance Lesley , Cowan Graham H. , McLean Karen , MacFarlane Stuart , Al-Abedy Aqeel N. , Armstrong Miles , Lim Tze-Yin , Hein Ingo , Bryan Glenn J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractKey MessageNovel major gene resistance againstPotato virus Yin diploid populations ofSolanum tuberosumGroups Phureja and Tuberosum was biologically and genetically characterised. Named Ry(o)phu, it mapped to chromosome 9.AbstractA new source of genetic resistance derived fromSolanum tuberosumGroupPhurejaagainstPotato virus Y(PVY) was identified and genetically characterised in three diploid biparental potato populations. Segregation data for two populations (05H1 and 08H1) suggested the presence of a single dominant gene for resistance to PVY which, following DaRT analysis of the 08H1 cross, was mapped to chromosome 9. More detailed genetic analysis of resistance utilised a well-characterised SNP-linkage map for the 06H1 population, together with newly generated marker data. In these plants, which have bothS. tuberosumGroupPhurejaandS. tuberosumGroupTuberosumin their pedigree, the resistance was shown to map to chromosome 9 at a locus not previously associated with PVY resistance, although there is evidence for at least one other genetic factor controlling PVY infection. The resistance factor location on chromosome 9 (named as Ry(o)phu) suggests a potential role of NB-LRR genes in this resistance. Phenotypic analysis using a GUS-tagged virus revealed that a small amount of PVY replication occurred in occasional groups of epidermal cells in inoculated leaves of resistant plants, without inducing any visible hypersensitive response. However, the virus did not enter the vascular system and systemic spread was completely prevented.
Determination of picomolar levels of methylmercury complexes with low molecular mass thiols by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and online preconcentration
Authors: Liem-Nguyen Van , Nguyen-Ngoc Hoang-Tung , Adediran Gbotemi A. , Björn Erik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMethylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most potent neurotoxins. It is produced in nature through the methylation of inorganic divalent mercury (HgII) by phylogenetically diverse anaerobic microbes. The mechanistic understanding of the processes that govern the extent of bacterial export of MeHg, its bioaccumulation, and bio-toxicity depends on accurate quantification of its species, especially its complexation with low molecular mass thiols; organometallic complexes that are difficult to detect and measure in natural conditions. Here, we report the development of a novel analytical method based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine 13 MeHg complexes with important thiol compounds which have been observed in the environment and in biological systems. By using online preconcentration via solid phase extraction (SPE), the method offers picomolar (12–530 pM) detection limits, the lowest reported so far for the determination of MeHg compounds. Among three different SPE materials, a weak cation exchange phase showed the best efficiency at a low pH of 2.5. We further report the presence of MeHg-cysteine, MeHg-cysteamine, MeHg-penicillamine, MeHg-cysteinylglycine, and MeHg-glutamylcysteine as the predominant MeHg–thiol complexes in the extracellular milieu of an important HgII methylating bacterium, Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA, exposed to 100 nM of HgII.
Klima, Psyche und Psychotherapie
Authors: Nikendei Christoph 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundTrotz der erdrückenden Evidenz für den anthropogenen Klimawandel und die Gefährdung der menschlichen Zivilisation durch den kontinuierlich zunehmenden CO2-Ausstoß und der damit zusammenhängenden globalen Erwärmung existiert eine bedrohliche Kluft zwischen unserem Wissen und hieraus resultierendem Handeln.MethodeBasierend auf einer selektiven Literaturübersicht mit dem Fokus auf die Arbeiten von Clayton et al. (2015), Marshall (2015), Orange (2017), Hoggett (2019) sowie konflikt- und (gesellschafts‑)strukturelle Überlegungen in Anlehnung an die Operationalisierte Psychodynamische Diagnostik (OPD) wurden mehrere Säulen eines integrativ wirksam werdenden Modells zum „value-action gap“ – der Diskrepanz aus Wissen und Handeln – entwickelt.ErgebnisseIn einem narrativen Review werden Überlegungen aus kognitionspsychologischer, psychodynamischer und psychotraumatologischer Sicht zum Umgang mit der globalen Erwärmung vorgestellt. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Konzepte der „kognitiven Verzerrung“, der „Verleugnung“ und „Omnipotenz“, des individuellen und gesellschaftlichen „Strukturmangels“ sowie der „Traumatisierung von Opfern und Tätern“.ZusammenfassungKognitionspsychologische, psychodynamische und psychotraumatologische Konzepte können ein tiefgreifenderes Verständnis für unsere offensichtliche Handlungsunfähigkeit in Bezug auf die globale Erwärmung ermöglichen und im besten Fall helfen, diese zu überwinden. Potenzielle Implikationen für Psychotherapeuten und die Psychotherapie werden beleuchtet.
Diversity and temperature indirectly reduce CO2 concentrations in experimental freshwater communities
Authors: Lewington-Pearce Leah , Parker Ben , Narwani Anita , Nielsen Jens M. , Kratina Pavel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBiodiversity loss and climate warming are occurring in concert, with potentially profound impacts on ecosystem functioning. We currently know very little about the combined effects of these changes on the links between the community structure, dynamics and the resulting in situ CO2 concentrations in freshwater ecosystems. Here we aimed to determine both individual and combined effects of temperature and non-resource diversity (species inedible for a given consumer) on CO2 concentration. Our analysis further aimed to establish both direct effects on CO2 concentrations and potential indirect effects that occur via changes to the phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses. Our results showed that there were no interactive effects of changes in temperature and diversity on CO2 concentration in the water. Instead, independent increases in either temperature or non-resource diversity resulted in a substantial reduction in CO2 concentrations, particularly at the highest non-resource diversity. The effects of non-resource diversity and warming on CO2 were indirect, resulting largely from the positive impacts on total biomass of primary producers. Our study is the first to experimentally partition the impacts of temperature and diversity on the consumer–resource dynamics and associated changes to CO2 concentrations. It provides new mechanistic insights into the role of diverse plankton communities for ecosystem functioning and their importance in regulating CO2 dynamics under ongoing climate warming.
Developing student competence through peer assessment: the role of feedback, self-regulation and evaluative judgement
Authors: Ibarra-Sáiz María Soledad , Rodríguez-Gómez Gregorio , Boud David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHow can students’ competence be developed through peer assessment? This paper focuses on how relevant variables such as participation, evaluative judgement and the quality of the assessment interact and influence peer assessment. From an analysis of 4 years of data from undergraduate classes in project management, it develops a model of causal relationships validated using the PLS-SEM method. It demonstrates relationships between these variables and considerers the influence of students’ competence and the mediating nature of feedback and self-regulation on the process. It points to how peer assessment practices can be improved whilst highlighting how evaluative judgement and feedback are two key elements that can be addressed to deliver the effective development of students’ competence.
Managing collaborative research data for integrated, interdisciplinary environmental research
Authors: Finkel M. , Baur A. , Weber T.K.D. , Osenbrück K. , Rügner H. , Leven C. , Schwientek M. , Schlögl J. , Hahn U. , Streck T. , Cirpka O.A. , Walter T. , Grathwohl P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe consistent management of research data is crucial for the success of long-term and large-scale collaborative research. Research data management is the basis for efficiency, continuity, and quality of the research, as well as for maximum impact and outreach, including the long-term publication of data and their accessibility. Both funding agencies and publishers increasingly require this long term and open access to research data. Joint environmental studies typically take place in a fragmented research landscape of diverse disciplines; researchers involved typically show a variety of attitudes towards and previous experiences with common data policies, and the extensive variety of data types in interdisciplinary research poses particular challenges for collaborative data management. In this paper, we present organizational measures, data and metadata management concepts, and technical solutions to form a flexible research data management framework that allows for efficiently sharing the full range of data and metadata among all researchers of the project, and smooth publishing of selected data and data streams to publicly accessible sites. The concept is built upon data type-specific and hierarchical metadata using a common taxonomy agreed upon by all researchers of the project. The framework’s concept has been developed along the needs and demands of the scientists involved, and aims to minimize their effort in data management, which we illustrate from the researchers’ perspective describing their typical workflow from the generation and preparation of data and metadata to the long-term preservation of data including their metadata.
Severe wellbore instability in a complex lithology formation necessitating casing while drilling and continuous circulation system
Authors: Ashena R. , Elmgerbi A. , Rasouli V. , Ghalambor A. , Rabiei M. , Bahrami A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMost of drilling hole problems are attributed to wellbore stability issues which adversely cause excessive lost time and cost millions of dollars. The past drilling experiences in Kupal oilfield showed excessive mud losses, kick flows, tight holes and pipe stuck leading to repeated reaming, fishing and sidetracking. Most of the drilling-associated problems in this field occurred during drilling the 12 ¼-in. hole, which is across the non-reservoir Gachsaran formation (consisting of anhydrite, gypsum and marl with thin limestone layers). Mainly due to the lack of required formation evaluation data, no geomechanical studies of this formation have been conducted to date. In this work, first, we constructed a geomechanical model to investigate the root of the problems. This is a pioneer wellbore stability work for such a complex lithology formation which included finding the equations best-matching with core data and field observations. Finally, to overcome the field challenges and hole problems, the study proposes some field remedial actions. The results of the geomechanical modeling show that the pore pressure, shear and tensile failure gradients are greatly variable with the safe mud weight window becoming excessively narrow at some intervals. This accounts for the encountered wellbore stability issues as managing the mud weight in these situations requires several casing strings. To mitigate the extent of the problem, this study proposes the application of innovative drilling technologies including casing while drilling to eliminate the casing running time with potential reduction in drilling time, and continuous circulation system to prevent cuttings settling and kick flows during connections. These technologies are capable of elimination of the geomechanical part of the drilling delay (30% of the average 77 drilling days) per well.