bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Important role of Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqoh (ZIS) in dynamic of economic and social: Simultaneous analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Moh. Hairus Zaman  , Diah Wahyuningsih  , Hengky Setiawan  
Published: December 2024

Distribution and realization of Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqoh (ZIS) have experienced an increase during the year 2000 to 2022.
This study has investigated the relationship between Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqoh (ZIS) to economic, income inequality and absorbing labour in Indonesia. The authors utilize the simultaneous equation method as well as data used in this study is the secondary data.
This study uses Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) regression analysis to address endogenous problems and simultaneous bias to analyse variables complex such as ZIS, economic and social indicators.
The results of the study show several important findings. First, ZIS provides a positive contribution to the Gross domestic product (GDP), which implies that increasing ZIS reception can encourage economic growth. Second, ZIS contributes positively to absorbing employment, it shows the distribution of ZIS effectively can support reducing unemployment. However, the third finding identified that the impact of ZIS has insignificance on income inequality. It implies that managing ZIS needs to fix the strategy of ZIS distribution to be more even.
This finding has an implication that needs a strategy of ZIS distribution on the right targeted, economic empowerment program, as well as close collaboration among BAZNAS, the Government, and private sectors to maximalise the impact of ZIS.
Towards Enhancing the Quality of English Test Preparation Class: The Role of Technology-Based Education
Authors: Erna Nurkholida  , Ulin Ni’mah R.  
Published: December 2024

The English Proficiency Test is an ability test to determine a student's level of language ability. In the digital era, technology can certainly play a role in improving language skills, especially English test. Educational technology is within anyone's grasp, so its use in learning is absolutely essential. This research aims to improve students' language skills, namely TOEFL, by using an application, namely Digital Educa. This research is specifically for language strengthening language class of IAIN Kediri. The method used was action research where implementation was carried out over 2 cycles, the first cycle was attended by 30 students with 3 class meetings and 4 exercises using Digital Educa. The results of cycle 1 were that the average student got a score of 407, meaning it was under the success target of 450; students were still not familiar with the Digital Educa application and the exercise for 1 week was very insufficient. So this research was continued with the second cycle which lasted for 3 weeks. The results of the 2nd cycle were that student scores increased slightly, namely an average of 452 from 30 participants. In second cycle, it is given time to use its own online practice for 16 days. The role of the lecturer here is to look at the scores on daily exercises and then provide input to students who have weaknesses in each section, namely listening, structure and written and reading. Students respond by practicing again only on the part that has a low score. At the end of cycle 2, students received an increase score, namely 45 points. It can be concluded that the use of technology can enhance the quality of classroom learning and increase language proficiency scores.
Decision Support System for The Selection of The Best Employees of BMT NU Gapura Sumenep Cooperative Using The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method
Authors: Maulana A. Firman , Lutfi Ahmad , Santoso Firman 
Published: December 2024

Employees are the most important resource in a company to carry out the company's management targets and improve the company's performance quality in developing its business. Capable and quality resources that are in accordance with the company's targets are a priority for a company. To maintain this, employee performance evaluation is a major concern by conducting employee assessments. Employee assessments at the BMT NU Cooperative still experience several obstacles, namely that they are still based on the subjectivity of the Cooperative manager and tend to produce decisions that are not relevant to the employee's performance results. Thus, it creates professional discrimination against work. For the assessment of the best employees using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method with several assessment weights for each criterion. Thus, providing accurate employee assessment results that are in accordance with the work done by employees. The SAW method is used by adding each weight to each criterion. The final result is obtained from the calculation process, namely the summation of the normalized matrix with the weight per criterion which shows the ranking of the selection of the best employees. Then, from these calculations, accurate information is obtained about the best employees at the BMT NU Cooperative, Gapura District, Sumenep Regency.
مؤشرات الكفاءة الإنتاجية والاقتصادية لإضافة البريمكس في عليقة أبقار الفريزيان
Authors: Dabdoub Sumaia , Alhajomar Omar 
Published: December 2024

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة تأثير إضافة كميات من البريمكس إلى العليقة في كمية الحليب المنتجة خلال فصلي الصيف والشتاء، وبالتالي دراسة التداخل بين البريمكس وفصلي الحلابة بأعمار مختلفة عند أبقار الفريزيان. أُجريت الدراسة في محطة المختارية على 30بقرة بفترة زمنية ستة أشهر لعام 2022، وزعت حيوانات التجربة إلى ثلاثة أعمار مختلفة وموحدة في كل موسم، أبقار بعمر( 3 ، 5 ، 7 ) سنوات ومن مواسم الحلابة الأول والثالث والخامس، وتمت إضافة كميات مختلفة من البريمكس ( 1-0.50-0.25) غ/كغ إلى العليقة خلال فصلي الصيف والشتاء. وأظهرت النتائج ، أن متوسط إنتاج الحليب باستخدام البريمكس 1 غ / كغ يزيد عن 0.25 غ / كغ‏ بنحو 4.32 كغ، ويزيد عن 0.5 غ ‏‏/ كغ‏ و 5.815 كغ، وكما تبين أن متوسط إنتاج الحليب باستخدام البريمكس 1غ / كغ يزيد في فصل الشتاء عن ‏0.25 غ / ‏كغ ‏ و‏0.5 غ ‏‏/ كغ‏ ‏ بنحو 4.37 كغ و 7.407 كغ لكل منهما على التوالي، و فيما يخص المؤشرات الاقتصادية،فإن الأبقار بعمر 3 سنوات أظهرت النتائج أدنى قيمة للإيرادات الكلية قدرت بنحو61.9 ألف ل.س لكمية البريمكس ( 0.25 غ / كغ) مقابل أقصى قيمه له والتي قدرت بنحو 115.4 ألف ل.س لكمية البريمكس ( 1 غ / كغ) وذلك في الصيف. و قد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إضافة البريمكس لعلائق الأبقار الحلوب وبكمية (1)غ/كغ.
Gambaran Hasil Autopsi di RS Bhayangkara Tingkat III Manado Periode Januari 2020 - Desember 2022
Authors: Setiawan Dwipania P. , Siwu James F. , Kristanto Erwin G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The rise in cases of natural or unnatural deaths in Manado has led to suspicions about the cause of death; therefore, the police will ask for help from forensic doctors to carry out autopsies. This study aimed to obtain the autopsy description, especially at Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tingkat III Manado for the period of January 2020 - December 2022. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using data from the visum et repertum results. The results showed that there were 97 autopsy cases; 21 of which were excluded. The most frequent cases were in 2021 and 2022, namely 28 cases (36.84%). Most cases were male (89.47%). The largest age group was early adulthood (26-35 years) (28.95%). The most common cause of death was unnatural death (92.1%), with sharp violent death cases (92.1%). For natural deaths, cardiovascular disease and lung disease were the highest (each of 50%). In conclusion, autopsies are often performed on men in early adulthood (26-35 years), with unnatural deaths in cases of sharp violence, while the most common natural deaths are cardiovascular and lung diseases.
Keywords: autopsy; cause of death; sharp violence; cardiovascular disease; lung disease

Abstrak: Maraknya kasus kematian wajar atau tidak wajar di Manado menyebabkan munculnya kecurigaan tentang sebab kematian sehingga dari pihak kepolisian akan meminta bantuan ahli dokter forensik untuk dilakukan autopsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran autopsi terutama di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tingkat III Manado periode Januari 2020 – Desember 2022. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data hasil visum et repertum. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 97 kasus yang di autopsi; 21 di antaranya dieksklusi. Kasus terbanyak pada tahun 2021 dan 2022 yaitu 28 kasus (36,84%). Sebagian besar kasus berjenis kelamin laki-laki (89,47%). Kelompok usia terbanyak yaitu dewasa awal (26-35 tahun) (28,95%). Penyebab kematian terbanyak ialah kematian tidak wajar (92,1%), dengan kasus kematian kekerasan tajam (92,1%). Untuk kematian wajar didapatkan penyakit kardiovaskuler dan penyakit paru yang terbanyak (masing-masing 50%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah autopsi yang sering dilakukan pada jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia dewasa awal (26-35 tahun), dengan kematian tidak wajar kasus kekerasan tajam, sedangkan pada kematian wajar penyebabnya ialah penyakit kardiovaskuler dan penyakit paru yang terbanyak.
Kata kunci: autopsi; sebab kematian; kekerasan tajam; penyakit kardiovaskuler; penyakit paru
Klasifikasi Penyakit Migrain dengan Metode Naïve Bayes pada Dataset Kaggle
Authors: Yuichi Michael , Susetyo Yeremia Alfa 
Published: December 2024

Migraine is one of the most common neurological diseases in society and has a significant disability impact. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, migraine is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world, with a greater disability burden than other neurological disorders. In data science, data classification plays an important role in determining the category or class of an object based on a number of available classes. One frequently used classification method is Naïve Bayes, which utilizes mathematical probabilities with the assumption that the decision made is accurate based on the given data. This research develops a classification model using the Naïve Bayes algorithm to predict and classify migraine patient data. This model produces classification values with an accuracy of 88.51% when training from 280 train data given and 89.02% when testing from 120 test data given. The classification results can support the medical world in diagnosing migraine types more accurately, optimizing treatment, saving health costs, and becoming the basis for further research and development in the field of neurology.
Effectiveness of Gedong Gincu Mango Leaf Extract Gel (Mangifera indica L. var. Gedong gincu) on Cut Wound Healing in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar Strain
Authors: Loren Azzahro Maharani , Wirandoko Ignatius Hapsoro , Marfuati Sri 
Published: December 2024

Background: The Indonesia Basic Health Research data show the prevalence of wounds including incision/scratches/stab wounds reaches 20.1%. Natural herbal products play an important role in the wound healing process functioning as anti-inflammatories, antioxidants, antimicrobials, and collagen formation. Mango leaves are often considered waste even though they have many health benefits with the high content of coactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins which are good for cut wound healing. The use of gel is more stable and controlled release compared to other topical preparations. Gedong Gincu mangoes originating from West Java have unique properties and they are marketed widely in some areas including Cirebon.
Aims: This study aims to identify the most effective concentration of Gedong Gincu mango leaf extract on cut wound healing in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar Strain.
Methods: This study used a post-test-only control group design. The extract gel used three levels of concentration, namely 40%, 50%, and 60%. The positive control used 10% povidone iodine while the negative control used a gel base. The gel was applied to the cut wound twice a day for 14 days.
Results: The average length of the cut wound was 0.916 cm, 0.912 cm, and 1.050 cm for concentration levels of 40%, 50%, and 60%. For the positive and negative controls, it reached 0.996 cm and 0.702 cm respectively. This indicates no significant difference in the length of the cut wound with a p-value of 0.121 (p>0.05). The wound healing process was effective at a concentration level of 60% as indicated by the disappearance of erythema and edema.
Conclusion: Mango leaf extract gel (Mangifera indica L.var. Gedong Gincu) is effective in healing cut wounds with the disappearance of erythema and edema in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain with a concentration of 60%.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 19 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024.
Demographics and Histopathological Characteristics of Lung Cancer Patients in Cirebon District, Indonesia (2021-2023)
Authors: Sulaeman Syakira Puteri , Fitrie Alya Amila , Sedayu Sedayu 
Published: December 2024

Background: Based on the Global Burden of Cancer Study (GLOBOCAN) in 2020, In the world, lung cancer is the first cause of death. In Indonesia, lung cancer is the third highest. Lung cancer is classified into two cell types: Small Cell Lung Cancer and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. There are two types of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
Aims: To determine the demographics and histopathological characteristics of lung cancer patients in Cirebon District (2021-2023).
Methods: This research employed a descriptive observational method. The data were collected from general hospitals’ medical records of lung cancer patients at RSUD Waled Cirebon and RSUD Arjawinangun in 2021-2023 using the total sampling technique. There were 69 respondents met the inclusion criteria for this recent study.
Results: In this study, there were 68.1% of patients aged from 46 to 70 years, and the majority were male (66.7%). The most common cancer cell type was adenocarcinoma (69.6%). Most patients did not have information regarding occupational data (68.1%), smoking history (98.6%), family history (98.6%), and staging (89.9%) included in their medical records.
Conclusion: The analysis showed that most lung cancer patients are aged 46-70 years and male incidences in lung cancer patients were higher. The most common type of histopathological is adenocarcinoma. Related to occupational data, smoking history, family history, and staging could not be concluded because they were not included in the medical record.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 19 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 12 December 2024.
Correlation between Hypertension and the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Waled Regional General Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Trinanda Syifa Khaerunisa , Sisprihattono Boyke , Astuti Widi 
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels and resulting from deviations in either insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia can lead to various complications, including diabetic retinopathy. The main risk factors for developing diabetic retinopathy are uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
Aims: To determine the correlation between hypertension and the severity of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients at Waled Regional General Hospital, Cirebon, from 2020 to 2023.
Methods: This study used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. We collected data from the medical records of patients with diabetic retinopathy at Waled Regional General Hospital from 2020 to 2023. This study employed total sampling as its sampling technique. We performed univariate analysis to determine the frequency distribution of the samples and bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test.
Results: Out of 50 diabetic retinopathy patients, the majority suffered from proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), with 22 (44%) patients. The most common blood pressure level among the patients was grade 2 hypertension, with 19 (38%) patients. The bivariate analysis in this study showed a P-value of 0.091 and an r-value of 0.242.
Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between hypertension and the severity of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients at Waled Regional General Hospital from 2020 to 2023, with a positive correlation direction (p-value: 0.091 and r-value: 0.242).
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 16 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 12 December 2024.
The Effectiveness of Cassava Leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) Flavonoid Quercetin as Dengue Virus-1 Antivirus in Vitro
Authors: Rayasari Husnaya , Apriyanto Dadan Ramadhan , Brajawikalpa Rama Samara , Dewi Beti Ernawati 
Published: December 2024

Background: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that can cause severe symptoms and death, placing high burden on healthcare systems in tropical regions. Currently, there are no antiviral treatments. It has been proven that synthetic quercetin able to improve body performance and reduce the risk of infection as well as inhibit DENV replication. Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta C.) contain anthocyanins (flavonoids) such as quercetin and it shows potential as antiviral agent as the synthetic as well.
Aims: To describe the levels of self-compassion and procrastination among medical students and to examine how these factors relate to academic performance.
Methods: This experimental study used post-test only with control group design consisted of 13 treatment groups and 1 control group. Treatment group were divided into 6 different concentrations for inhibition test (50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 12.5 µg/mL, 6.25 µg/mL, 3.125 µg/mL, 1.5 µg/mL) and 7 different concentrations for cytotoxicity test (80 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 2.5 µg/mL, 1.25 µg/mL). The control group was a negative control treated with 0.2% DMSO. Inhibition was assessed by Focus Forming Unit Assay and cytotoxic was assessed by number of Microtiter Tetrazolium Assay (MTT Assay). The statistical analysis used in this study were the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test for hypothesis test, and post-hoc test to determine whether the groups studied in this research had significant differences from each other.
Results: The CC50 and IC50 values of quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) were found to be 3.44 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively, with an SI value of 123. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the flavonoid quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) exhibits selective properties in inhibiting the replication of DENV-1. Statistical analysis showed non-normal distribution (P<0.05), hypothesis test was accepted (P<0.05), and no significant differences between concentrations in the post-hoc test.
Conclusion: Quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) is effective as an antiviral agent against dengue serotype 1 strain New Guinea C in vitro.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 15 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 15 December 2024.
Overview of COVID-19 Test Results (2021–2022) at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Febrianti Fitri Ayu , Khasanah Uswatun , Weni Mustika 
Published: December 2024

Background: COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) is a respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic due to the rapid rise in cases and mortality rates worldwide. The pandemic has impacted millions of people and continues to pose a significant global public health threat. Accurate diagnosis of the disease depends on laboratory testing, with RT-PCR widely recognized as the gold standard for confirming COVID-19.
Aims: To describe an overview of COVID-19 test results at Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia, from 2021-2022.
Methods: This study used a descriptive observational method. The sample was collected in July 2024 using a total sampling technique. The sample includes all 135,713 patients who had COVID-19 tests at Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Swadaya Gunung Jati Univesity between 2021 and 2022. Data were collected from medical records of COVID-19 test. The variables of this study include gender, age, and COVID-19 test results. A statistical analysis was used to determine frequency distribution.
Results: The results of the study showed that among the sample who tested for COVID-19, the majority are male (50.9%) and early adolescent age group (23.9%). RT-PCR test findings were positive in 16.3% of patients and negative in 83.7% of patients. Among PCR positive cases, the majority are female (17.4%), with seniors age groups >65 years accounting for 39.0%.
Conclusion: Most of the tested samples are males and early adolescent age groups, with more negative PCR results than positive ones. Among positive cases, the highest number was found in females and seniors age group. It is recommended that females and seniors age groups keep protected during COVID-19 outbreaks.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 22 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 11 December 2024.
Glycated Hemoglobin Level and Body Mass Index Correlation with Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Waled Hospital, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Auliya Tania , Amaliyah Nihayatul , Herdwiyanti Menik 
Published: December 2024

Background: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a condition that reduces blood flow to the lower extremities and is primarily caused by atherosclerosis. PAD is one of the complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Diabetics have an 11.6 times more likely to develop PAD than those without diabetes. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels >7% are at a higher risk of chronic complications. Obesity and overweight also raise the risk of developing PAD disease. However, research on the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and PAD remains unclear and controversial.
Aims: To analyze the correlation between HbA1c levels and BMI with the incidence of Peripheral Artery Disease in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Waled Hospital.
Methods: This is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected on patients diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Internal Medicine Clinic at Waled Hospital in June - July 2024. A total sample of 77 was obtained using consecutive sampling. The inclusion criteria were type 2 DM, aged 19-60 years, and medical record data equipped with the HbA1c levels for at least the last 3 months prior to data collection. The exclusion criteria were patients with a history of diabetic ulcers, amputation and limb disability, Acute Coronary Syndrome, stroke, kidney failure, recurrent anaemia, and blood transfusions in the last 3 months. Primary data was gathered through an ABI examination, while secondary data was obtained from medical records. The data was analysed using the Spearman correlation test.
Results: Patients had poor HbA1c control (51.9%), moderate HbA1c control (29.9%) and good HbA1c control (18.2%), with the majority of patients had normal BMI (39%) followed by obese I (22.1%), overweight and obese II (16.9%). Our study showed that the distribution of PAD levels was severe (0%), moderate (3.9%), mild (44.2%), normal (46.8%), and arteriosclerotic (5.2%). The correlation test showed p-0.789 (p> 0.05) for HbA1c levels with PAD and p- 0.653 (p>0.05) for BMI with PAD.
Conclusion: There was no association between glycated hemoglobin or Body Mass Index values and the incidence of PAD in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Waled Hospital, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Received: 25 September 2024 | Reviewed: 21 October 2024 |
Revised: 30 November 2024 | Accepted: 11 December 2024.