bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different levels of supplementation after weaning on beef heifer development
Authors: Foster L.A. , Fourie P.J. , Neser F.W.C. 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to identify a cost-effective supplementation regimen to rear replacement heifers on transitional Cymbopogon-Themeda veld. A total of 120 Drakensberger heifers aged 6 - 7 months were randomly allocated to three supplementary treatment groups from 2011 - 2014. A three-phase supplementation programme was used while the production year was divided into three periods, namely summer (wet season) (approximately mid-December to March), winter (early dry season) (April to July), and late winter (late dry season) (August to approximately mid-December). The late winter treatments consisted of three levels of supplemental crude protein (CP), a percentage of protein derived from non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and metabolizable energy (ME), namely T1: 306 g CP/kg (47.4% NPN) + ME 7.4 MJ/kg; T2: 329 g CP/kg (70.72% NPN) + ME 6.89 MJ/kg; and T3: 475 g CP/kg (95.86% NPN) + ME 2.4 MJ/kg. In summer, T1 was supplemented with 164 g CP/kg (7% NPN) + ME 9 MJ/kg + 13 g P/kg; T2 with Voermol Superfos with 150 g CP/kg (13.6% NPN), ME 0 MJ/kg, and 50 g P/kg; T3: 0 g CP/kg, ME 0 MJ/kg, and 60 g P/kg. The traits were nutrient intake, supplement cost, mean bodyweight, weight gains/losses and mean BCS. The study concluded that feeding replacement heifers to traditional bodyweight increased development costs without improving production sufficiently. Veld that is in good condition together with a mineral (60 g P/kg) supplement in the wet season and a protein and mineral supplement (96% NPN) in the dry season gives the highest economic return.
Keywords: beef heifers, post wean, supplementation
Cumulative incidence and causal risk factors of carcass condemnations in a South African high-throughput cattle abattoir
Authors: Webb E.C. , Webb E.M. , Tlhapi P.T. 
Published: June 2020

Carcass condemnation is a problem in the South African beef industry, but the causes and risk factors have not been studied or quantified. Better understanding of the cumulative incidence and causative predictors of carcass condemnations could assist in improving cattle management during transportation, preslaughter and lairage in high-throughput abattoirs. This study was conducted to investigate the main causes and predisposing factors of carcass condemnation at a large high-throughput cattle abattoir during postmortem inspections from January to December 2010. The experimental design included the effects of season, breed type, and sex, and their interactions on the cumulative incidence of carcass condemnations, and the causes of partial and whole carcass condemnations and the impact on carcass yield. The model was based on the presence of defects. Thirteen diseases and defects were evaluated in various breeds, sexes and seasons. The cumulative incidence of partial and complete carcass condemnations was 9.5%.The most important causes were peritonitis and pleuritis, soiling and bruising, Almost half of these carcass condemnations were due to soiling and bruising, which can be addressed by implementing better abattoir management during transportation, pre-slaughter and lairage. The cumulative incidence of parafilaria occurred mostly in spring and summer. Measles, intramuscular haemorrhage and wet carcass syndrome occurred mostly in winter. The cumulative incidence of the other defects had a negligible effect. Numerically the greatest carcass weight losses subsequent to partial condemnations were because of intramuscular haemorrhage and bruising.
Keywords: abattoir management, breed, carcass condemnation, cattle, seasonal effects, sex
Naringin supplementation affects performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability of finishing pigs
Authors: Wang Q , Wang J , Qi R.L. , Qiu X.Y. , Sun Q , Huang J.X. 
Published: June 2020

Naringin is a major flavanone derivate that has many important biological functions in animals. However, its effect on pigs is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin supplementation on performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability in finishing pigs. Ninety-six pigs, with an average initial body weight of 66.2 ± 0.63 kg, were randomly divided into four groups. One group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (control), and the three others were fed diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g naringin /kg DM of feed for 50 days. Each treatment was replicated six times with four pigs per replicate. Feed and water were available ad libitum. The 0.5 g/kg naringin treatment group had an improved loin eye muscle area, reduced serum triglycerides and were leaner compared with the other groups. Pigs in the 1.5 g/kg naringin treatment had higher pH45min values and inosine monophosphate concentrations, and lower MyHC IIb mRNA expression in muscle than the other groups. MyHC IIa mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in all naringin-supplemented diet groups. Naringin significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total anti-oxidative capacity in meat, as well as SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. These results indicate that the dietary addition of naringin at 0.5 g/kg improved carcass characteristics, while 1.5 g/kg improved the oxidative stability and pork quality in finishing pigs.
Keywords: antioxidant capacity; carcass characteristics; naringin-supplemented diets; pork quality
<i>Anopheles gambiae s.l.</i> insecticide susceptibility status in Umudike, Ikwuano LGA, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekedo C.M. , Ukpai O.M. 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted in order to determine the insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae in Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Larval and pupal stages of An. gambiae mosquitoes were collected from different points within Umudike, and reared to adult stage in the laboratory. The adults that emerged were tested on four types of WHO bioassay test papers impregnated with recommended diagnostic concentrations of 4% DDT (Organochlorines); 0.1% bendiocarb (Carbamates); 0.25% Primiphos-methyl (Organophosphates); and 0.05% Deltamethrin (Pyrethroids) procured from National Abovirus and Vector Research Institute Enugu. Twenty 10% sugar solution fed female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes aged 3-5days were used for the bioassay which was replicated four times with two control of same population without insecticide treatment. Knockdown was recorded at five minutes post-exposure, and then at 10 minutes interval for 1 hour and then maintained for 24 hours post-exposure on 10% sugar solution, after which a final mortality was recorded. The Knockdown Times (KDT50 and KDT90) were determined by Probit analysis. An. gambiae was resistant to DDT, primiphos-methyl and Deltamethrin with 24 hours post exposure percentage mortalities of 4.65, 11.85, and 24.83 respectively.In contrary the mosquitoes were susceptible to bendiocarb which killed 98.88% of the mosquitoes 24 hours after exposure. Bendiocarb is hence recommended as the most effective insecticide for the control of Anopheles gambiae in Umudike, while there were need for the investigation of the mechanism behind the resistance displayed by this mosquito. Furthermore, routine surveillance of insecticide susceptibility/resistance in mosquito population is advocated in line with integrated vector control strategy.
Keywords: Insecticide; susceptibility; Anopheles gambiae; Umudike; Abia State; Nigeria
KONTEKSTUALISASI KARAKTER ANAK MELALUI PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Eku Amran 
Published: June 2020

Karakter merupakan potensi dasar manusia dalam kehidupan, siswa memiliki potensi untuk berbuat , bertindak, oleh karena itu setiap manusia memiliki watak, tabiat, akhlak dan kepribadian, yang secara otomatis melekat pada diri individu, terbentuk dari hasil internalisasi berbagai kebijakan yang diyakini dan digunakan sebagai landasan untuk cara pandang, berpikir, bersikap, dan bertindak. kebijakan terdiri atas sejumlah nilai, moral, dan norma, seperti jujur, berani bertindak, dapat dipercaya dan hormat kepada orang lain. Pendidikan karakter perlu dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran oleh karena nilai ini berlaku universal, nilai-nilai ini bersumber dari agama, Pancasila dan budaya. Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter perlu dijabarkan sehingga diperoleh pengertian secara kontekstual, karena berguna sebagai batasan atau tolak ukur ketercapaian pelaksanan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter di sekolah. Adapun nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter meliputi Religius, jujur, disiplin dan kreatif toleransi dan demokratis, semangat kebangsaan, cinta Tanah air, Menghargai , bersahabat, cinta damai, dan peduli lingkungan, dalam konteks akhlakul karimah, karakter dipahami dalam bentuk nilai-nilai akhlak yang mengarah siswa terhadap nilai keagamaan yang meliputi husnudzhan, Qanaah, ihlas, sabar, istiqamah, istiqamah dan berdoa.
MicroRNA-16 inhibits the growth and metastasis of human glioma cells via modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Yang Yan , Zhao Feng 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionGliomas are lethal cancers accounting for significant human mortality across the globe. MicroRNAs (miRs) have shown potential to act as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. Herein the role and therapeutic implications of miR-16 in glioma were investigated.Material and methodsExpression analysis was carried out by qRT-PCR. CellTiter-Glo assay (Promega) was used for the determination of cell proliferation. DAPI, AO/EB, and annexin V/PI assays were used to detect apoptosis. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used for cell migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis was used for the determination of protein expression.ResultsThe study revealed that miR-16 was significantly suppressed in the human glioma cells. Ectopic expression of miR-16 in U118 MG cells inhibited the proliferation via induction of apoptosis. The apoptosis induction was also accompanied by an upsurge of Bax and depletion of Bcl-2. The overexpression of miR-16 also inhibited the migration and invasion of the glioma U118 MG cells, as evident from the wound healing and transwell assays, which were accompanied by the inhibition of metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9). The effects of miR-16 overexpression were also examined on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. The results showed that miR-16 overexpression inhibited the phosphorylation of the p70S6K, AKT, and mTOR at Ser<sup>473</sup>, Ser2<sup>448</sup>, and Thr389, respectively, with no apparent effects on the total PI3K and AKT.ConclusionsmiR-16 acts as tumour suppressor in glioma and may severe as therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
The tree of community knowledge and engagement
Authors: Gardner Morgan K , Scarth Kate 
Published: June 2020

Deep-seated educational discourses have blamed low-income communities for their youth’s lack of high school completion. These deficit discourses reflect top–down knowledge hierarchies and a lack of knowledge democracy in education (de Sousa Santos 2007; Hall & Tandon 2017; Visvanathan 2009), and they are in need of critical and diverse knowledge reckoning by low-income communities themselves. This article relays how a community-university participatory action research (PAR) partnership became a dynamic site of knowledge democracy from which to counter and transform deficit-based knowledge systems imposed on economically disadvantaged communities. Steeped in the generative enactments of PAR, storytelling, ecological metaphor, strength-based approaches and the arts, this article explores a low-income/social housing community’s knowledge practices that are energising and growing its community power to support the success of their youth in school. These seven knowledge practices are narrated through the ecological metaphor of trees, specifically via a co-constructed PAR team narrative called the Tree of Community Knowledge and Engagement.
In the telling and retelling of this counternarrative-in-the-making, this article embodies knowledge democracy. Here, community members’ energising knowledge practices are recognised as invaluable forms of everyday educational knowing and leadership for their youth. This article further explores three broad ways of knowing that reside within and across community members’ seven knowledge practices: lived knowing, interconnected knowing and participatory/power-in-relation knowing. The three community ways of knowing illustrate how the community is growing its power to support youth’s success via a transformative educational worldview, from which other schools and universities could learn and, indeed, thrive.
Diseñar comunidades en paz: Enfoques participativos de investigación-acción anclados a una educación regional en Colombia
Authors: Lopera-Molano Daniel , Lopera-Molano Angela María 
Published: June 2020

Gaitania es un corregimiento ubicado en la cordillera de los Andes, muy cerca de donde se formó la guerrilla de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC, a mediados de la década de los 60. En este contexto, se realizó un proyecto de investigación y educación con organizaciones estatales, civiles y comunitarias, incluida la Agencia para la Reincorporación y Normalización del Gobierno colombiano, ARN, asociaciones de productores de café en el sur del Tolima, la comunidad indígena Nasa Wes'x y 150 excombatientes, así como profesores y estudiantes del Programa de Diseño de la Universidad de Ibagué, Colombia. El propósito de este artículo es demostrar cómo la formación en diseño puede transformarse orgánicamente de aprendizajes instrumentales a maneras creativas autónomas.
Este proyecto estableció procesos colectivos de reflexión-acción que funcionaron en conjunto con cuatro objetivos críticos de aprendizaje, según lo especificado por el Programa de Diseño. Se realizaron talleres para la co-creación de una marca colectiva de café, que reunió a víctimas y victimarios en un proceso conjunto de reconciliación e intercambio de memorias. A través de la generación de una marca colectiva de café especial, llamada El Tercer Acuerdo, la cual actualmente se comercializa, se está recuperando y construyendo memoria sobre los procesos de paz autónomos del territorio y sus propios esfuerzos de autovalidación. También, se desarrollaron habilidades críticas en estudiantes y comunidades para que pudieran comprender las implicaciones de producir un diseño que respondiera al mercado, al tiempo que se reconocía la importancia de construir caminos de transición para los participantes, especialmente en contextos de guerra y paz. Las reflexiones de los estudiantes condujeron a la construcción de distinciones para la praxis, como la plandisposición, escuchacción, síntesis honesta y sentipensar-actuar, que nos revelan una conciencia crítica de cómo el diseño puede abrir posibilidades para crear futuros en los que coexistan muchos mundos.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Business and Economic Research, Vol. 10, No. 2
Authors: Young Daisy 
Published: June 2020

Business and Economic Research (BER) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from March 1, 2020, to June 1, 2020. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether BER publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Almir A. AlihodžićAngela WrightBilal Khalaf SakarnehBratu (Simionescu) MihaelaCorina M RadulescuCristina Alina NaftanailaE. A. C. P. KarunarathneFayez Bassam ShriedehGerasimos T. SoldatosGrigorios L KyriakopoulosHengky Sumisto HalimMouhamadou T SowNana Osei-BonsuOfgaha Dire AlemuPiotr SiemiątkowskiRoderikus A. TrihatmokoRomeo Victor IonescuRoni BhowmikSameera M. FernandoSamuel Asumadu-SarkodieSantosh B. ManjegowdaSerhii KozlovskyiZakayo Samson KisavaZi-Yi GuoZoran Wittine
Application of Servqual Model on Measuring Service Quality: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: RAVICHANDRAN K. , PRABAKARAN S. , KUMAR S. Arun 
Published: June 2020

Financial liberalization has led to intense competitive pressures and private banks dealing in retail banking are consequently directing their strategies towards increasing service quality level which fosters customer satisfaction and loyalty through improved service quality. This article examines the influence of perceived service quality on customer satisfaction suing an adaptive Bayesian frame work in private sector banks Bayesian structural regression estimates are shown to provide a banking institution with reliable information for use in positioning the private banks in its market place.. The article concludes that increase in service quality of the banks can develop customer satisfaction which ultimately retains valued customers. Keywords: Perceived Service Quality, SERVQUAL, customer satisfaction, BSR, Structural Regression
Prevalence of Morbidity Profile among Geriatric Population in Urban Field Practice Area, Manikeshwari
Authors: Dabade Kuldeep Jagannath , Kalasker Pavan Sayappa , Gududur Ajay Kumar 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: India has got the label of “an ageing nation” due to contribution of elderly population to demographic figures increasing day by day. Elderly persons face dual disease burden that is communicable as well as non-communicable diseases.
Objectives: To find out prevalence of various geriatric morbidities.
Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 463 geriatric persons residing in urban field practice area from Jan 2018 to June 2018.
Results: Overall prevalence of musculoskeletal problems was found 72.3%. Prevalence of respiratory problems like asthma, tuberculosis etc. was 17.3%. As the age increases number of participants with presence of any morbidities also increases and this difference was found statistically significant. Presence of any morbidity was found higher among widow or widower compared to married participants and this difference was also found statistically significant.
Conclusions: Present study shows higher prevalence of morbidities among geriatric population like musculoskeletal disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, impaired vision, anemia etc. Increased life expectancy, rapid urbanization and lifestyle changes all contribute to higher prevalence of morbidities. Lifestyle modification, appropriate delivery of preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care services to geriatric age group would definitely help them to lead a life in a healthy manner.
Geen VOG, geen werk? Een studie naar VOG-aanvragen en werkkansen na vrijlating
Authors: Ramakers Anke 
Published: June 2020

No certificate of conduct, no employment? A study on post-release criminal record screenings and employment chances.
It is unclear to what extent criminal record screening policies can explain low employment rates after release. This descriptive study provides more insight into this matter by examining whether ex-prisoners applied for a certificate of conduct, found employment and whether this job was found without such a certificate. To answer these questions interview data on ex-prisoners (N=931) are combined with data on criminal record screenings. Only 6 percent applied for a certificate, half of which were granted. Many ex-prisoners did not report any employment, but almost all working ex-prisoners found this job without a certificate. These findings bring nuance to discussions on the role of criminal record screening after release.
Fiscale bemiddeling in België
Authors: Vanheeswijck Luc 
Published: June 2020

Fiscal mediation in Belgium – a Belgian successful method
Luc Vanheeswijck summarizes the current position of tax mediation in Belgium and outlines the differences between the Belgian and Dutch mediation method in fiscal matters. He also outlines the differences between mediation in tax matters and ‘classic’ mediation. He concludes that Belgian tax mediation is not mediation as is commonly understood. The article closes on a description of the results of de ‘Fiscale Bemiddelingsdienst’ (the Fiscal Mediation Service).
Predictability and Flexibility in Private International Law: Allies or Enemies?
Authors: Valdhans Jiří 
Published: June 2020

The chapter discusses the relationship between predictability and flexibility as the values currently expected for private international law standards. While predictability has been perceived for a long time, flexibility has been gaining momentum in the US since the 1930s and in Europe in the second half of the last century. At present, however, the demand for flexibility in the standards of private international law is expressed in all modern codifications. Therefore, the chapter also outlines the institutes through which flexible elements intended to enable to take into account individual aspects of a particular case can be incorporated to traditional predictable blind conflict-law-rules methodology.
Reciprocity as a Presumption for the Recognition of Foreign Decision
Authors: Sedláková Kristina 
Published: June 2020

The paper deals with the principle of reciprocity in the field of recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions. The aim is to ascertain the approach of the Czech legal doctrine and the rules of international procedural law in relation to this institute. The issue of reciprocity outside the European judicial area is addressed, as well as the question of whether reciprocity is a non-essential condition in the area of recognition and is interchangeable with other mechanisms affecting this issue.
Expression and clinical significance of HSP27 and its phosphorylation in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans
Authors: Bai Junqing , Wang Fule , Wang Xuguang , Mutu Eerde , Duan Chen , Qi Yili , Hu Liqiang , Gao Zhanfeng 
Published: June 2020

Objectives
This study set out to analyze the difference of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and its phosphorylation in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) at different stages. This research also examined their clinical significance in this disease.

Methods
Blood samples from 60 patients with LEASO were collected and divided into two groups according to ankle-brachial index (ABI): group A (ABI ≤ 0.43) and group B (ABI > 0.43). The expression of HSP27 in each stage of Fontaine was measured by ELISA, and the difference of HSP27 concentration and ABI between the two groups was analyzed. Meanwhile, three normal femoral artery specimens (normal group) and three atherosclerotic femoral artery specimens (lesion group) were collected, and HSP27 and its Phospho-HSP27 (Ser15), Phospho-HSP27 (Ser78) and Phospho-HSP27 (Ser82) were detected by western blotting. The data of the protein level between the normal group and the lesion group was made a statistical analysis.

Results
HSP27 concentration in group A was (40.73 ± 15.99) ng/ml, and ABI was 0.26 ± 0.20. HSP27 concentration in group B was (66.30 ± 24.70) ng/ml, and ABI was 0.64 ± 0.20. The protein expression of HSP27 and its phosphorylation in the normal group was 0.82 ± 0.13, 0.66 ± 0.12, 0.91 ± 0.24 and 0.90 ± 0.16, respectively; the protein expression of the lesion group was 0.45 ± 0.08, 0.42 ± 0.09, 0.39 ± 0.12 and 0.58 ± 0.11.

Conclusion
Patients with higher LEASO Fontaine stage and lower ABI had a lower HSP27 concentration. Serum HSP27 concentration was negatively correlated with the severity of LEASO, while HSP27 concentration was positively correlated with ABI value. The content of HSP27 and its phosphorylation of lesion group is significantly lower than that of normal group, which may be closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.