bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National Football League Scouting Combine Tests Correlated to National Football League Player Performance
Authors: LaPlaca David A. , McCullick Bryan A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
LaPlaca, DA and McCullick, BA. National Football League scouting combine tests correlated to National Football League player performance. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1317–1329, 2020—The National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine has been used since 1982 to collect performance information on the top-rated NFL prospects including physical test results from the vertical jump, broad jump, 3 cone drill, shuttle run, 40-yd dash, and bench press. The correlation between NFL Scouting Combine test results and NFL player performance is frequently questioned, and thus this study endeavored to identify significant relationships between NFL Scouting Combine test results and NFL player performance indicators for all offensive and defensive positions, including quarterback (n = 107), fullback (n = 31), running back (n = 228), wide receiver (n = 336), tight end (n = 137), offensive tackle (n = 204), guard (n = 128), center (n = 66), cornerback (n = 276), free safety (n = 92), strong safety (n = 96), outside linebacker (n = 215), inside linebacker (n = 116), defensive end (n = 212), and defensive tackle (n = 223). A Spearman rank-order correlation analysis set at a p of ≤0.01 and p of ≤ 0.05 level of significance indicated that every offensive and defensive positions had at least 1 NFL Scouting Combine test result that correlated with NFL player performance. These results can be useful for those in charge of making player personnel decisions in the NFL, such as general managers, draft analysts, and scouts by helping them select NFL prospects. Furthermore, these results could inform strength and conditioning coaches in preparing athletes to excel in the NFL.
Concurrent Resistance Training Enhances Performance in Competitive Distance Runners: A Review and Programming Implementation
Authors: Barrie Brittney 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Concurrent training, defined as resistance training sessions programmed alongside endurance training sessions during the same cycle, is a tool that highly trained runners can use to augment performance. A review of the current literature explains how resistance training focused on increasing maximal force development and power output can improve running economy, a key performance indicator for endurance running. This review explains the current concepts in concurrent training for competitive distance runners, discusses misconceptions related to concurrent training, and offers practical implementation examples for coaches, athletes, and strength and conditioning practitioners working with this special population.
Youth Physical Activity Is All About the “F-Words”
Authors: Faigenbaum Avery D. , Rebullido Tamara Rial , Chulvi-Medrano Iván 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe “F-words” of youth physical activity (family, facilitators, facilities, force, fitness, function, fun, feeling, and future) illustrate the complex web of factors that influence participation in active play, exercise, and sport activities in children and adolescents. The “F-words” can be used to expand our conceptual thinking about youth physical activity and inform research and practice in the field of pediatric exercise science.
Divisively Normalized Integration of Multisensory Error Information Develops Motor Memories Specific to Vision and Proprioception
Authors: Hayashi Takuji , Kato Yutaro , Nozaki Daichi 
Published: January 2020

Both visual and proprioceptive information contribute to the accuracy of limb movement, but the mechanism of integration of these different modality signals for movement control and learning remains controversial. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism of multisensory integration for motor adaptation by evaluating single-trial adaptation (i.e., aftereffect) induced by visual and proprioceptive perturbations while male and female human participants performed reaching movements. The force-channel method was used to precisely impose several combinations of visual and proprioceptive perturbations (i.e., error), including an instance when the directions of perturbation in both stimuli opposed each another. In the subsequent probe force-channel trial, the lateral force against the channel was quantified as the aftereffect to clarify the mechanism by which the motor adaptation system corrects movement in the event of visual and proprioceptive errors. We observed that the aftereffects had complex dependence on the visual and proprioceptive errors. Although this pattern could not be explained by previously proposed computational models based on the reliability of sensory information, we found that it could be reasonably explained by a mechanism known as divisive normalization, which was the reported mechanism underlying the integration of multisensory signals in neurons. Furthermore, we discovered evidence that the motor memory for each sensory modality developed separately in accordance with a divisive normalization mechanism and that the outputs of both memories were integrated. These results provide a novel view of the utilization and integration of different sensory modality signals in motor adaptation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe mechanism of utilization of multimodal sensory information by the motor control system to perform limb movements with accuracy is a fundamental question. However, the mechanism of integration of these different sensory modalities for movement control and learning remains highly debatable. Herein, we demonstrate that multisensory integration in the motor learning system can be reasonably explained by divisive normalization, a canonical computation, ubiquitously observed in the brain (Carandini and Heeger, 2011). Moreover, we provide evidence of a novel idea that integration does not occur at the sensory information processing level, but at the motor execution level, after the motor memory for each sensory modality is separately created.
Characterization of the Genetic Architecture Underlying Eye Size Variation WithinDrosophila melanogasterandDrosophila simulans
Authors: Gaspar Pedro , Arif Saad , Sumner-Rooney Lauren , Kittelmann Maike , Bodey Andrew J , Stern David L , Nunes Maria D S , McGregor Alistair P 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe compound eyes of insects exhibit striking variation in size, reflecting adaptation to different lifestyles and habitats. However, the genetic and developmental bases of variation in insect eye size is poorly understood, which limits our understanding of how these important morphological differences evolve. To address this, we further explored natural variation in eye size within and between four species of the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup. We found extensive variation in eye size among these species, and flies with larger eyes generally had a shorter inter-ocular distance and vice versa. We then carried out quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of intra-specific variation in eye size and inter-ocular distance in both D. melanogaster and D. simulans. This revealed that different genomic regions underlie variation in eye size and inter-ocular distance in both species, which we corroborated by introgression mapping in D. simulans. This suggests that although there is a trade-off between eye size and inter-ocular distance, variation in these two traits is likely to be caused by different genes and so can be genetically decoupled. Finally, although we detected QTL for intra-specific variation in eye size at similar positions in D. melanogaster and D. simulans, we observed differences in eye fate commitment between strains of these two species. This indicates that different developmental mechanisms and therefore, most likely, different genes contribute to eye size variation in these species. Taken together with the results of previous studies, our findings suggest that the gene regulatory network that specifies eye size has evolved at multiple genetic nodes to give rise to natural variation in this trait within and among species.
Differential Contributions of DNA-Binding Proteins to Polycomb Response Element Activity at theDrosophila giantGene
Authors: Ghotbi Elnaz , Lackey Kristina , Wong Vicki , Thompson Katie T , Caston Evan G , Haddadi Minna , Benes Judith , Jones Richard S 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPolycomb-group (PcG) proteins utilize epigenetic mechanisms to maintain the transcriptional silence of target genes. Recruitment of Drosophila PcG proteins to target genes requires the presence of a Polycomb Response Element (PRE). Some PcG target genes, including...Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins are evolutionarily conserved epigenetic regulators whose primary function is to maintain the transcriptional repression of target genes. Recruitment of Drosophila melanogaster PcG proteins to target genes requires the presence of one or more Polycomb Response Elements (PREs). The functions or necessity for more than one PRE at a gene are not clear and individual PREs at some loci may have distinct regulatory roles. Various combinations of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins are present at a given PRE, but only Pleiohomeotic (Pho) is present at all strong PREs. The giant (gt) locus has two PREs, a proximal PRE1 and a distal PRE2. During early embryonic development, Pho binds to PRE1 ∼30-min prior to stable binding to PRE2. This observation indicated a possible dependence of PRE2 on PRE1 for PcG recruitment; however, we find here that PRE2 recruits PcG proteins and maintains transcriptional repression independently of Pho binding to PRE1. Pho-like (Phol) is partially redundant with Pho during larval development and binds to the same DNA sequences in vitro. Although binding of Pho to PRE1 is dependent on the presence of consensus Pho-Phol-binding sites, Phol binding is less so and appears to play a minimal role in recruiting other PcG proteins to gt. Another PRE-binding protein, Sp1/Kruppel-like factor, is dependent on the presence of Pho for PRE1 binding. Further, we show that, in addition to silencing gene expression, PcG proteins dampen transcription of an active gene.
Critical Issues on Diverticular Disease
Authors: Stollman Neil , Picchio Marcello , Biondo Sebastiano , Lahat Adi , Dumitrascu Dan L. , Regula Jaroslaw , Walker Marjorie M.D. 
Published: January 2020

In this session diverse critical issues in diverticular disease were considered, including “In or outpatient management of uncomplicated diverticulitis?”, “Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis: what is it?”and “Diverticular inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?”. The conclusions drawn are outlined in the statements but in summary, outpatient management is safe in selected patients, as long as correct diagnosis and stage are assured, and this can allow a cost effective treatment. Non-antibiotic management is also safe but should be confined as an outpatient treatment in carefully selected patients.
Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) is a defined pathological entity (only diagnosed on biopsy) characterized by an inflammatory bowel disease-like pathology, occurring principally in the sigmoid colon, with rectal and right colon sparing. The pathogenesis is unclear but may include a genetic predisposition, microbiome alteration and ischaemia. Treatment can last months, and depends on severity, options include antibiotics, 5 ASA and probiotics for mild cases. Severe disease needs systemic steroids or even anti TNFα treatment.
Whether diverticular inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer was debated and the conclusion that within the first eighteen months of diagnosis of diverticular disease associations with cancer are found, likely due to similar symptoms and misclassification of disease. After that time, diverticular disease does not increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, this is recommended to exclude cancer with imaging and colonoscopy after healing of the first episode of diverticulitis.
Budesonide MMX Is Effective in Patients Having Persistent Symptoms and Raised Fecal Calprotectin Following Treatments for Diverticular Disease
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Cassieri Claudio , Colucci Raffaele , Elisei Walter , Picchio Marcello , Brandimarte Giovanni 
Published: January 2020

Background and Aim: Although rifaximin and mesalazine seem to be effective in treating the majority of people suffering from diverticular disease (DD), some patients still experience symptoms following those treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of budesonide MMXTM in managing symptoms and raised fecal calprotectin (FC) in patients with endoscopic diagnosis of DD and not responding to standard treatments.
Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the patients enrolled in the DICA prospective study. All patients were at the first diagnosis of DD, scored according to DICA classification. We assessed abdominal pain, meteorism, constipation and diarrhea (scored from 0 to 10) and FC expression at baseline and after six months. Patients were treated with budesonide MMXTM for 4 weeks (9 mg/day for 2 weeks, followed by 9 mg every other day for further 2 weeks), followed by mesalazine 2.4 grams/day for further 5 months.
Results: We studied 24 patients (18 females and 6 males, median age 64, inter quartile range (IQR): 57.5- 73.5), previously treated with mesalazine and/or rifaximin (equally subdivided between DICA 2 and DICA 3). At 6-month follow-up, a significant reduction of all symptoms assessed was observed (abdominal pain and meteorism: p<0.001; constipation: p=0.007; diarrhea: p=0.009). Median (IQR) FC level was 244.5 (171.5- 322.0) μg/g at baseline and 51.0 (IQR: 35.5-61.5) μg/g (p< 0.001) after 6 months. No side effects were recorded.
Conclusions: Treatment with budesonide MMXTM seems to be effective in obtaining symptoms’ control and dropping of FC in patients with DD and not responding to standard treatments.
FSGS-Causing INF2 Mutation Impairs Cleaved INF2 N-Fragment Functions in Podocytes
Authors: Subramanian Balajikarthick , Chun Justin , Perez-Gill Chandra , Yan Paul , Stillman Isaac E. , Higgs Henry N. , Alper Seth L. , Schlöndorff Johannes S. , Pollak Martin R. 
Published: January 2020

Background
Mutations in the gene encoding inverted formin-2 (INF2), a member of the formin family of actin regulatory proteins, are among the most common causes of autosomal dominant FSGS. INF2 is regulated by interaction between its N-terminal diaphanous inhibitory domain (DID) and its C-terminal diaphanous autoregulatory domain (DAD). INF2 also modulates activity of other formins, such as the mDIA subfamily, and promotes stable microtubule assembly. Why the disease-causing mutations are restricted to the N terminus and how they cause human disease has been unclear.

Methods
We examined INF2 isoforms present in podocytes and evaluated INF2 cleavage as an explanation for immunoblot findings. We evaluated the expression of INF2 N- and C-terminal fragments in human kidney disease conditions. We also investigated the localization and functions of the DID-containing N-terminal fragment in podocytes and assessed whether the FSGS-associated R218Q mutation impairs INF2 cleavage or the function of the N-fragment.

Results
The INF2-CAAX isoform is the predominant isoform in podocytes. INF2 is proteolytically cleaved, a process mediated by cathepsin proteases, liberating the N-terminal DID to function independently. Although the N-terminal region normally localizes to podocyte foot processes, it does not do so in the presence of FSGS-associated INF2 mutations. The C-terminal fragment localizes to the cell body irrespective of INF2 mutations. In podocytes, the N-fragment localizes to the plasma membrane, binds mDIA1, and promotes cell spreading in a cleavage-dependent way. The disease-associated R218Q mutation impairs these N-fragment functions but not INF2 cleavage.

Conclusions
INF2 is cleaved into an N-terminal DID–containing fragment and a C-terminal DAD–containing fragment. Cleavage allows the N-terminal fragment to function independently and helps explain the clustering of FSGS-associated mutations.
Uma abordagem para avaliação da qualidade do processo de pesquisa em Contabilidade
Authors: Oliveira José Renato Sena , De Andrade Martins Gilberto 
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: analisar o processo de construção da produção científica em Contabilidade ao associar atributos de qualidade de uma boa pesquisa descritos na literatura com aqueles percebidos nas práticas de pesquisadores da área.
Método: foi utilizada a Técnica Delphi Modificada, em duas rodadas, com questionários online e acesso personalizado. O painel foi composto por 41 docentes de 19 Programas de Pós-Graduação em Contabilidade brasileiros. Foi elaborada uma matriz de orientação com 53 atributos/relações vinculados a critérios gerais de qualidade e a nove características-chave, avaliados pelos respondentes de acordo com a aderência às suas práticas de pesquisa.
Resultados: aproximadamente 3/4 das proposições receberam nível forte de concordância. Entretanto, atributos que atingiram níveis baixo ou moderado incluem itens que podem comprometer a qualidade e integridade da pesquisa, como os relacionados aos princípios éticos, aos erros e vieses e aos impactos da participação da equipe sobre os resultados.
Contribuições: a avaliação da produção científica, concentrada nos resultados, é limitada para evidenciar aos pesquisadores da área suas possíveis falhas no processo de pesquisa. O estudo pode impactar o campo, ao ajudar pesquisadores a autoavaliarem suas pesquisas, identificarem deficiências e limitações, resultando em maior aceitação e encurtamento do processo de submissão aos periódicos.
YENİDOĞAN YOĞUN BAKIM ÜNİTESİNDE TAKİP EDİLEN HASTALARIN RETROSPEKTİF DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Tarakçı Nuriye , Yilmaz Fatma Hilal , Gültekin Nazlı Dilay , Altunhan Hüseyin 
Published: January 2020

Amaç: Preterm
doğum yenidoğan ölümlerinin önde gelen nedeni ve yenidoğan morbiditelerinin
önemli bir kısmını oluşturur. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde preterm bebeklerin
perinatal mortalite ve morbidite istatistikleri yetersizdir. Bu çalışmada
üçüncü düzey yoğun bakım ünitesinde prematüreliğe bağlı morbidite ve mortalite
nedenlerini değerlendirmek amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 3.düzey bir yenidoğan yoğun bakım servisi’ne
Ocak 2015 ile Aralık 2017 arasında yatan prematüre bebekler dahil edildi.

Bulgular: Bebeklerin 156’sında (%43.9) respiratuar distres sendromu (RDS),
42’sinde (%11.89) intrakranial kanama (İKK), 78’inde (%21.9) patent duktus
arteriosus (PDA), 20’sinde (%5,6) nekrotizan enterokolit (NEK), 89’ında (%25)
prematüre retinopatisi (PR), 74’ünde
(%21) bronkopulmoner displazi (BPD), tespit edildi.

Sonuç: Mortalite
ve morbidite oranlarımızın ülkemizden yayınlanan verilerle benzerlik
göstermesine karşın, gelişmiş ülkelerin oranlarının üzerinde olduğu görüldü.
Antenatal bakımın iyileştirilmesi, gebelik takiplerinin düzenli yapılması,
sepsis ve respiratuvar distres gibi sık görülen mortalite nedenleri için
risklerin belirlenmesi ve bunlara karşı önlem alınması durumunda morbidite ve
mortalite oranlarımızın azalacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Increasing the efficiency of motor learning with the help of video analysis
Authors: Ruzicka Ivan , Milova Jana 
Published: January 2020

This article deals with the problem of increasing the efficiency in motor learning with the help of video analysis. The text approaches the system providing a feedback in the process of downhill skiing skills acquisition. The platform influencing the movement notion introduces innovative means of the acquisition of essential downhill skiing skills in ski courses organised by the University of Hradec Kralove, the Department of Physical Education (PE) and Sport. This article is focused on the selected results of the survey realised by an enquiring method, which was aimed to find out opinions on a monitored platform among 131 students specialising in PE and sport in 2010â€“2015. The research results indicate that the use of video analysis in providing feedback has a positive effect on the process of downhill skiing skills acquisition. Positive opinions of the majority of respondents showed that the use of video analysis combined with verbal correction is an effective support within the downhill skiing practice. It is an efficient platform accelerating results in learning downhill skiing technique. However, conclusions also point to some negative aspects that can accompany the use of video analysis in the field of psychology of learning, e.g., feeling of demotivation after the video analysis.
Keywords: Downhill skiing, video analysis, motor learning.
Technology-based instructional intervention into an EFL writing classroom
Authors: Ezza El-Sadig Yahya , Alhuqail Eman Abdulrahman , Elhussain Summaya Wahab 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to highlight the role of technology-based instructional intervention in enhancing the composing competence of struggling student writers at Majmaâ€™ah University (MU) in Saudi Arabia. Such instructional choice issues from the belief that the students have experiences and stories to share through writing. In the current intervention, a total of 26 participants enrolled in a short essay course offered by the Community College and the College of Education optionally participated in the study. They were equally divided into experimental and control groups, respectively. While the experimental group received both traditional and online instruction, using the MU Learning Management System, the control group received traditional instruction only. The experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-intervention test. Evidence from the quantitative and qualitative data attests to the assumption that instructional technology could significantly enhance learnersâ€™ composing skills. Thus, the English programme administrators are strongly recommended to post and conduct most writing classes online.
Keywords: Intervention, SRSD, rubrics, revision, drafting, self-revision.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIRADICAL PROPERTIES OF HAMMADA SCOPARIA (POMEL) ILJIN
Authors: Drioiche Aziz , Benhlima Nadia , Kharchouf Samira , EL MAKHOUKHI Fadoua , MEHANNED Smahane , ADADI Imad , AAZIZ Hicham , Kouoh Elombo Ferdinand , Gressier Bernard , ETO Bruno , Zair Touriya 
Published: January 2020

Background: Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin (HS), is commonly used by traditional healers in Morocco against microbial and fungal infections. We studied antimicrobial, antifungal and antiradical effects of organic extracts in vitro in order to confirm traditional utilization after phytochemical screening.
Materials and methods: Aerial parts of HS have been extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus, and the chemical composition was realized by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antioxidant activity has been evaluated using DPPH test, while the antimicrobial tests of HS extract were conducted on twenty-eight bacterial strains and antifungal on twelve fungal strains.
Results: Chemical characterization of HS essential oils (EO) confirmed the presence of carvacrol (82,28%), p-cymene (2,52%), γ-terpinene (2,18%) and Z-caryophyllene (2,04%). Antimicrobial tests of HS extract showed a moderate antibacterial activity without antifungal effect. In addition, HS exhibited a very powerful antiradical activity with IC50 = 1,2 mg/ml compared to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0,5 mg/mL) and butylated hydroxyanisole (0,8 mg/mL).
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that HS directly inhibits the growth of microorganisms in vitro, and further validates its traditional use as an antiseptic by traditional Moroccan healers.