bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the clinical outcomes of Scarf and Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Deformity: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ye Wei , Liu Yafang , Liu WeiFeng , Li XiaoLong , Fei Yanqiang , Gao Xing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Scarf and Chevron Osteotomy have been widely used for Hallux Valgus Deformity(HVD) to correcting hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal 1-2 angle (IMA), but there still have controversy which approach is the best way to repair HVD,this study aims to use meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical outcomes of Scarf and Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Deformity.Methods Pubmed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane library databases were searched for relevant studies published before September 1, 2019. Studies clearly reporting a comparison of Scarf and Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Deformity were selected. The Post-operative hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal 1-2 angle (IMA) were evaluated and also the correction of HVA and IMA. The weighted mean differences and relative risks were calculated using a fixed-effects or random-effects model.Results Five studies were included in this meta-analysis,one were prospective randomized controlled trials and three were randomized control trials.A total of 434 patients (210 Scarf and 224 Chevron) were enrolled in the studies.Compare Scarf Osteotomy,Chevron Osteotomy can significantly decreaseed Post-operative hallux valgus angle (HVA)[MD = 1.92 95% CI (1.21 to 2.63),P < 0.0001],but there have no significantly difference between Scarf and Chevron Osteotomy groups in terms of Postoperative intermetatarsal angle (IMA),the correction of IMA and HVA(C-IMA/HVA),DMAA,AOFAS and complication incidence[MD = 0.42, 95% CI (-0.34 to 1.17),P=0.28;MD = -0.30, 95% CI (-0.72 to 0.12),P =0.16; MD = -0.88, 95% CI (-2.34 to 0.57),P =0.23;MD = -0.78, 95% CI (-2.29 to 0.72),P =0.31;MD = -2.01, 95% CI (-9.81 to 5.61),P =0.59 and OR=0.80, 95% CI (0.40 to 1.60),P=0.53 respectively].Conclusion Compare Scarf osteotomy,Chevron Osteotomy can significantly decreaseed Post-operative hallux valgus angle (HVA) and other clinical outcomes are similar between the two treatments.
Geographic access to optometry services across Canada: Mapping distribution, need and self-reported use
Authors: Shah Tayyab , Milosavljevic Stephan , Bath Brenna 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background This research investigates the distribution of optometrists in Canada relative to population health needs and self-reported use of vision care services with a focus on identifying variation and poorly served health regions in order to gain a clearer understanding of geographic proximity of optometry services.Methods Optometrist locations were gathered from resources provided by provincial regulatory bodies. A geocoding approach then converted these descriptive data into a set of geographic coordinates. Utilization of vision care services was extracted from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2013-2014 question regarding self-reported contacts with vision care providers. Data from the 2016 Statistics Canada census were used to create three population ‘need’ subgroups (65 years and over; low-income; and people aged 15 and over with less than a high school diploma). Optometrist-to-population ratios, expressed as number of providers per 10,000 people at the health region level, were then calculated. Cross-classification mapping compared optometrist distribution to self-reported use of vision care services in relation to need. Results A total of 5,959 optometrists working across ten Canadian provinces were included in this analysis. The nationwide distribution of optometrists is variable across Canada and they are predominantly concentrated in densely populated urban areas. The mean ratio of optometrists across Canada was 1.70 optometrists per 10,000 people (range = 0.13 to 2.92). Out of 109 health regions (HRs), 26 were classified as low ratios, 51 HRs were classified as moderate ratios, and 32 HRs were high ratios. Thirty-five HRs were classified as low utilization, 39 HRs were classified as moderate, and 32 HRs as high utilization. HRs with a low optometrist ratio relative to eye care utilization and a high proportion of key sociodemographic characteristics are located throughout Canada and identified with maps indicating areas of likely greater need for optometry services. Conclusion This research provides a nationwide overview of vision care provided by optometrists identifying gaps in geographic access relative to “supply” and “need” factors. This in-depth examination of variation in population accessibility to optometric services will be useful to inform workforce planning and policies at national, provincial, and health region levels.
The effect of comorbidities for the prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia: an epidemiologic study using a hospital surveillance in Japan
Authors: Nguyen Mai Thi Ngoc , Saito Nobuyuki , Wagatsuma Yukiko 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Pneumonia is a common but serious illness that continues to present significant morbidity and mortality. Although the effect of severity at admission on outcome has been well reported, the role of comorbidity is still not widely understood. The Charlson Comorbidity Index measures comorbidity with a well-established history of predicting long-term outcome but its utility in pneumonia prognosis is still limited. Here, we use the Charlson Comorbidity Index and hospital surveillance data to investigate associations between comorbidities and in-hospital mortality due to community-acquired pneumonia.Results Among the 535 eligible adult patients (69.0% male, median [IQR] age, 79 [70-84] years), 100 (18.7%) acquired severe to extremely severe pneumonia. The median [IQR] CCI was 1[1-3]. Malignancy (129 of 535, 24.1%), chronic pulmonary diseases (113 of 535, 21.1%) and congestive heart failure (103 of 535, 19.3%) were frequent. Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores were associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.07-1.53). These results support the inclusion of comorbid burden in predicting community-acquired pneumonia outcome.
Lenticulostriate arteries appearance before thrombectomy predicts good outcome in acute middle cerebral artery occlusion
Authors: Liu Feifeng , Chen Chen , Hong Lan , Shen Hao , Cao Wenjie , Dong Qiang , Yang Xinyi , Guo Mengruo , Li Ying , Xiao Yaping , Cheng Xin , Li Gang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose Endovascular therapy is widely used in acute large vessel occlusion. This study investigated whether imaging of lateral lenticulostriate arteries(LSAs) before thrombectomy would potentially be helpful for predicting prognosis of patients with acute M1 segment of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).Methods 59 consecutive patients with acute M1 segment of MCAO treated with mechanical thrombectomy at two comprehensive stroke center were analyzed. Patients were categorized into LSA+ (appearing of lateral LSAs) and LSA- (sparing of lateral LSAs) group according to preprocedural digital substraction angiography (DSA).Baseline data and clinical outcomes were compared. A good clinical outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 at 3 months. The association between clinical and imaging parameters and functional outcome was evaluated with logistic regression analysis.Results LSA+ was shown in 36 patients (61%). LSA+ group had a significantly higher proportion of good outcome (72.2% vs. 8.7%, OR 27.3,95% CI 5.38-138.4, P <0.001), lower risk of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhages (sICH) (8.3% vs. 47.8%,OR 0.10,95% CI 0.02-0.42, P =0.001) and lower mortality in hospital (5.6% vs. 34.8%, OR 0.11,95% CI 0.02 -0.58, P <0.004) compared with LSA- group. Patients in LSA+ group had lower baseline NIHSS score( P <0.01) and NIHSS score at 14 days( P <0.01) and smaller infarct core volume( P =0.016) on computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTP) compared to the LSA- group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a small infarct core volume (OR 6.74,95% CI 1.148-39.569, P =0.035) and LSA+(OR 22.114,95% CI 3.339-146.470, P =0.001) were associated with a good clinical outcome.Conclusions Our data suggest that appearance of lateral LSAs before mechanical thrombectomy would be potentially helpful for predicting favorable prognosis of patients with acute M1 segment of MCAO.
Disentangling the Genetics of Sarcopenia: prioritization of NUDT3 and KLF5 as genes for lean mass and HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength based on associated SNPs
Authors: Singh Abhishek N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disease of clinical importance that occurs commonly in old age and in various disease sub-categories. Widening the scope of knowledge of the genetics of muscle mass and strength is important because may allows us to identify new genetic markers or identify patients with an increased risk to develop a specific musculoskeletal diseases or condition such as sarcopenia. It might also allow us to identify drugs that affect muscle in ways unknown before and therefore to reposition drugs to other uses, in accordance to their newly found target. We used bioinformatics tools to identify gene loci responsible for regulating muscle strength and lean muscle mass, which can then be a target for downstream lab experimentation validation. SNPs associated with various disease traits for the muscles and specific loci were chosen according to their muscle phenotype association p-value, as traditionally done in the GWASs. We developed and applied a combination of expression quantitative trait loci study (eQTLs) and GWAS summary information, to prioritize causative SNP and point out the unique genes associated in the tissues of interest (muscle). Results: We found NUDT3 and KLF5 for lean mass and HLA-DQB1-AS1 for hand grip strength as candidate genes to target for these phenotypes. The associated regulatory SNPs are rs464553, rs1028883 and rs3129753 respectively. Conclusion: TWAS approaches of combining GWAS and eQTL summary statistics proved helpful in statistically prioritizing genes and their associated SNPs for the disease phenotype of study, here, Sarcopenia. Potentially regulatory SNPs associated with these genes can be analyzed with respect to TADs and then targeted for knock out in either C2C12 mouse myoblast cells, adipocytes or any other relevant cell, depending on the phenotype it is hypothesized to affect, as a downstream experimental validation plan.
Method for evaluating the heat-island mitigation effect of porous/water-retentive blocks using a climatic chamber
Authors: Shin Dae Uk , Bae Woo Bin , Park Yun Mi , Kim Sang Rae , Kim Yong Gil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a method and mock-up design for evaluating the heat-island mitigation effect of porous/water-retentive blocks in a climatic environmental chamber using ambient temperature measurements. To create the proposed method, the heat circulation mechanism of blocks was considered. From this, we specified the climatic chamber design requirements, determined the required components and equipment for the mock-up, and developed the proposed method for evaluating heat-island mitigation performance based on ambient temperature. Using the proposed mock-up design and method, we confirmed that both surface and air temperatures were lower when porous/water-retentive blocks were installed compared to conventional blocks. This method can be used to analyze the difference between surface and ambient temperatures under various conditions to quantify the heat-island mitigation performance of different materials according to ambient temperature.
Resistant Hypertension: Novel Insights
Authors: Lamirault Guillaume , Artifoni Mathieu , Daniel Mélanie , Barber-Chamoux Nicolas , Nantes University Hospital Working Group on Hypertension  
Published: October 2019

:
Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and the leading risk factor for disability
and premature deaths in the world, accounting for more than 9 million deaths annually. Resistant
hypertension is a particularly severe form of hypertension. It was described 50 years ago and since
then has been a very active field of research. This review aims at summarizing the most recent findings
on resistant hypertension.

:
The recent concepts of apparent- and true-resistant hypertension have stimulated a more precise
definition of resistant hypertension taking into account not only the accuracy of blood pressure
measurement and pharmacological class of prescribed drugs but also patient adherence to drugs and
life-style recommendations.

:
Recent epidemiological studies have reported a 10% prevalence of resistant hypertension among
hypertensive subjects and demonstrated the high cardiovascular risk of these patients. In addition,
these studies identified subgroups of patients with even higher morbidity and mortality risk, probably
requiring a more aggressive medical management.

:
In the meantime, guidelines provided more standardized clinical work-up to identify potentially
reversible causes for resistant hypertension such as secondary hypertension. The debate is however
still ongoing on which would be the optimal method(s) to screen for non-adherence to hypertension
therapy, recognized as the major cause for (pseudo)-resistance to treatment.

:
Recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the strong benefit of anti-aldosterone drugs
(mostly spironolocatone) as fourth-line therapies in resistant hypertension whereas clinical trials
with device-based therapies displayed contrasting results. New trials with improved devices and
more carefully selected patients with resistant hypertension are ongoing.
Media Reports as a Source for Monitoring Impact of Influenza on Hospital Care
Authors: Reukers Daphne FM , Marbus Sierk D , Smit Hella , Schneeberger Peter , Donker Gé , van der Hoek Wim , van Gageldonk-Lafeber Arianne B 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe Netherlands, like most European countries, has a robust influenza surveillance system in primary care. However, there is a lack of real-time nationally representative data on hospital admissions for complications of influenza. Anecdotal information about hospital capacity problems during influenza epidemics can, therefore, not be substantiated.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess whether media reports could provide relevant information for estimating the impact of influenza on hospital capacity, in the absence of hospital surveillance data.MethodsDutch news articles on influenza in hospitals during the influenza season (week 40 of 2017 until week 20 of 2018) were searched in a Web-based media monitoring program (Coosto). Trends in the number of weekly articles were compared with trends in 5 different influenza surveillance systems. A content analysis was performed on a selection of news articles, and information on the hospital, department, problem, and preventive or response measures was collected.ResultsThe trend in weekly news articles correlated significantly with the trends in all 5 surveillance systems, including severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) surveillance. However, the peak in all 5 surveillance systems preceded the peak in news articles. Content analysis showed hospitals (N=69) had major capacity problems (46/69, 67%), resulting in admission stops (9/46, 20%), postponement of nonurgent surgical procedures (29/46, 63%), or both (8/46, 17%). Only few hospitals reported the use of point-of-care testing (5/69, 7%) or a separate influenza ward (3/69, 4%) to accelerate clinical management, but most resorted to ad hoc crisis management (34/69, 49%).ConclusionsMedia reports showed that the 2017/2018 influenza epidemic caused serious problems in hospitals throughout the country. However, because of the time lag in media reporting, it is not a suitable alternative for near real-time SARI surveillance. A robust SARI surveillance program is important to inform decision making.
GO NATURAL, SAY NO TO CHEMICALS - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT CONTAINING FORMULATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES
Authors: PRABAKAR JAYASHRI , JOHN JOSEPH , ARUMUGHAM I MEIGNANA , KUMAR R PRADEEP , D SRISAKTHI 
Published: October 2019

Objective: In recent years, the side effects encountered with the use of chemicals has led to the search for safe anticariogenic alternatives. Green tea is one such naturally occurring alternative which possesses anticariogenic activity through a direct bactericidal effect against cariogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to analyze the existing literature on the effectiveness of green tea extract containing formulations on dental caries.
Methods: The databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Metapress, and Google Scholar were searched up to July 2015 for the related topic. References of the selected articles and relevant reviews were searched for any missed publications.
Results: The systematic search revealed a total of 437 publications which were scrutinized based on eligibility criteria. Six publications fulfilled the criteria and 431 publications were excluded from the review. Out of six studies, three studies reported a statistically significant difference in favor of green tea while two studies showed no statistically significant difference between the groups. One study reported no statistically significant difference between the two groups; however, the reduction observed in chlorhexidine (control group) was slightly greater than green tea.
Conclusion: With the available evidence, it can be concluded that green tea extract containing formulations are effective in reducing cariogenic microflora and caries increment.
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS MEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST URINARY TRACT PATHOGENS
Authors: S SREELAKSHMY , S THANGAPANDIYAN 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The objective of the present study is to synthesize green mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Plectranthus amboinicus leaf extract and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against selected urinary tract infection (UTI) causing bacteria.
Methods: Phytoconstituents present in leaf extract of P. amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng were analyzed by standard qualitative tests. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by visual inspection, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of synthesized AgNPs was examined against the UTI pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs were carried out by broth dilution method and standard plate count method, respectively.
Results: Synthesized AgNPs exhibited a spherical shape with an average size of 17.3 nm. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs against tested bacterial pathogens showed a maximum inhibition zone of 22.00±1.00 mm against P. aeruginosa. The bacterial growth inhibition was confirmed by MIC and MBC.
Conclusion: P. amboinicus leaf extract mediated AgNPs could be used as an effective antibacterial agent for the management of UTIs. Surface modifications of urinary catheters with AgNPs may prevent the risk of contamination and the associated infections.
EVALUATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS, AND ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF JUGLANS REGIA FROM KASHMIR REGION
Authors: KHAN ISHFAQ , CHAUHAN NEHA , PK CHAUHAN , KHAN MOHD. AZHAR 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The main focus of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy (against oral pathogenic bacteria), free radical scavenging activity, and total phenolic and flavonoids content (TPC and TFC) of methanolic extract (ME) of J. regia obtained from Kashmir region.
Methods: The plant part was collected and its ME was prepared. ME was subjected to antibacterial activity against oral bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The free radical scavenging activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazylhydrate (DPPH) assay. TPC and TFC were also determined using a standard curve equation of gallic acid and quercetin. A standard curve using different concentrations of gallic acid and quercetin was drawn from which the concentration of phenols in the test sample was calculated and expressed in mg/g.
Results: The ME of J. regia was found effective against all the strains of microorganisms responsible for oral infection understudy. It was also observed that scavenging of DPPH increased with the increase in concentration for both standard ascorbic and methanolic bark extract of J. regia showing its antioxidant potential. The TPC and TFC of ME was found to be 43.35±0.079 and 17.28±0.125.
Conclusions: The results obtained from the study clearly indicate that the walnut bark from Kashmir region can be a good candidate for employment as an antibacterial against oral pathogens. J. regia bark was found to be a good source of healthy compounds such as phenolic and flavonoids, suggesting that its bark could be useful to prevent diseases in which free radicals are present.
EFFECT OF STREBLUS ASPER LEAVES ON LOCOMOTION, ANXIETY AND COGNITION IN RATS
Authors: NEEKHRA SACHIN , AWASTHI HIMANI , SINGH DCP 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The current study deals with the evaluation of neuropharmacological activities of hydroalcoholic extract of the plant Streblus asper.
Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of S. asper leaves was administered to animals at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o., respectively. The neuropharmacological activities, namely, anxiolytic, muscle-relaxant, nootropic, and locomotor activities of hydroalcoholic extract of S. asper leaves were evaluated. The antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of S. asper leaves was also investigated.
Results: The dose 400 mg/kg p.o. of hydroalcoholic extract indicated significant variation with control group on neuropharmacological activity, especially nootropic and locomotion, whereas the mentioned dose did not show a significant effect on anxiolytic and muscle-relaxant activities. Percentage scavenging activities and inhibition concentration (IC50) were reported as 63.132 at 100 μg/ml and 35.33, respectively.
Conclusion: It was found that hydroalcoholic extract of S. asper leaves can treat central nervous system disorders caused by oxidative stress.