bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorite‐like LixLn5–xMo3O16.5–1.5xFx (Ln = La, Pr, Nd) compounds isostructural with Nd5Mo3O16
Authors: Voronkova Valentina , Kharitonova Elena , Orlova Ekaterina , Baldin Egor , Gorshkov Nikolay , Goffman Vladimir , Chernyak Sergei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLixLn5–xMo3O16.5–1.5xFx (0.8 ≤ x ≤ 1.4 (Ln = La), 0.4 ≤ x ≤ 1 (Ln = Pr), 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1 (Ln = Nd)) solid solutions on the Ln5Mo3O16–LiLn4Mo3O15F joins of the Ln2O3–MoO3–LiF ternary systems, similar to the fluorite‐related cubic compound Nd5Mo3O16, have been prepared by solid‐state reactions. Substitutions of lithium on the rare‐earth site and fluorine on the oxygen site have been shown to lead to a reversible phase transition accompanied by an anomaly in permittivity and a jump in conductivity by one and half orders of magnitude. In a wet atmosphere, the LixLn5–xMo3O16.5–1.5xFx compounds may have proton conductivity.
Pathogenic characterization of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida turbot isolate from China
Authors: Wang Ping , Li Jie , He Tian Tian , Li Nan , Mo Zhao Lan , Nie Pin , Xie Hai Xia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAeromonas salmonicida is a gram‐negative bacterium that is the causative agent of furunculosis. An A. salmonicida strain was isolated from diseased turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) with the sign of furunculosis from North China. Based on vapA gene, the strain was further classified as A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida RZ6S‐1. Culturing RZ6S‐1 strain at high temperature (28°C) obtained the virulence attenuated strain RZ6S. Genome sequence comparison between the two strains revealed the loss of the type IV secretion system (T4SS) and type III secretion system (T3SS) from the native plasmid pAsmB‐1 and pAsmC‐1 of wild‐type strain RZ6S‐1, respectively. Further study demonstrated that the wild‐type strain RZ6S‐1, but not its derivative mutant RZ6S, can stimulate apoptosis. Elevated protein level of cleaved caspase‐3 was detected from epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells infected with wild‐type strain RZ6S‐1 as compared with that infected with RZ6S strain. Meanwhile, the invasion of the mutant strain RZ6S was about 17‐fold higher than the wild‐type strain RZ6S‐1, suggesting that some protein(s) from A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida RZ6S‐1 suppress its invasion. The RZ6S mutant strain was attenuated, since its LD50 is over 10,000 times higher compared to the wild‐type strain as revealed in the turbot infection model.
Effects of ultrasonic waves, microwaves, and thermal stress treatment on the germination of Tartary buckwheat seeds
Authors: Wang Jianfei , Bian Zixiu , Wang Shunmin , Zhang Lixia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effects of ultrasonic waves, microwaves, thermal stress, thermal stress combined with ultrasonic waves and thermal stress combined with microwaves on the germination of Tartary buckwheat seeds from Ningxia and Sichuan were compared. On the seventh d of germination, the highest germination rate of Tartary buckwheat from Ningxia treated with ultrasonic waves was 87.33%, which was 4.66% higher than that of the control (p < .05). The highest germination rate of the microwaves treatment of Tartary buckwheat from Sichuan was 86.67%, which was 4.67% (p < .05) higher than that of the control. The ultrasonic waves and microwaves treatments increased the content of flavonoids and reducing sugars and enhanced the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. In addition, the ultrasonic waves and microwaves treatments had positive effects on the activities of catalase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase.Practical ApplicationsTartary buckwheat is highly valued as food and for its nutritional and health benefits. The germination of Tartary buckwheat seeds can improve its food quality and nutritional value. Germinated buckwheat has higher contents of phenolics and flavonoids. Two such high‐speed, high efficiency and low energy consumption of heating methods, microwaves and ultrasonic waves processing technologies, are highly significant for the seed germination. In this study, two types of Tartary buckwheat seeds were treated with ultrasonic waves, microwaves, and thermal stress. In addition, the present study reflected the relationship between the germination characteristics and various physiological and biochemical indices. We found that these results are important for the seed germination of Tartary buckwheat and provide the best means of expanding the use of Tartary buckwheat and related products.
Sleep disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia: A multicenter study from the Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
Authors: Park Jong Kyu , Huh Kyu Chan , Kwon Joong Goo , Jung Kee Wook , Oh Jung Hwan , Song Kyung Ho , Jung Kyoungwon , Bang Ki Bae , Lee Ju Yup , Tae Chung Hyun , Shin Cheol Min , Kim Jong Wook , Lee Hyuk 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe few studies concerning the association between sleep disorders and functional dyspepsia (FD) have yielded inconsistent results. We compared the prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with FD and healthy controls, and evaluated whether FD was independently associated with sleep disorders, and the risk factors for sleep disorders in patients with FD.MethodsThis prospective, multicenter, cross‐sectional study was conducted from August 2014 to December 2017 at 12 hospitals in South Korea. The inclusion criterion was the presence of FD (for ≥18 years) according to the Rome III criteria. Healthy controls were recruited from among patients who visited the Health Examination Center for check‐ups.ResultsIn total, 526 subjects were prospectively enrolled in this study (201 with FD and 325 healthy controls). The prevalence of sleep disorders was significantly higher among the patients with FD than among the healthy controls (41.8% vs 18.8%, P = 0.000). In a multivariate analysis, FD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.851; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.194–2.870; P = 0.006), female sex (OR = 1.672; 95% CI 1.063–2.628; P = 0.026), and anxiety (OR = 3.325; 95% CI 2.140–5.166; P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for sleep disorders in the overall cohorts. In patients with FD only, low body mass index, heartburn, and anxiety were independent risk factors for sleep disorders in a further multivariate analysis.ConclusionSleep disorders were common in patients with FD. FD was significantly associated with sleep disorders in our patient population, irrespective of the presence of heartburn or psychiatric disorders.
The Prognostic Value of MRI Subventricular Zone Involvement and Tumor Genetics in Lower Grade Gliomas
Authors: Chiang Gloria C. , Pisapia David J. , Liechty Benjamin , Magge Rajiv , Ramakrishna Rohan , Knisely Jonathan , Schwartz Theodore H. , Fine Howard A. , Kovanlikaya Ilhami 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEGlioblastomas (GBMs) that involve the subventricular zone (SVZ) have a poor prognosis, possibly due to recruitment of neural stem cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether SVZ involvement by lower grade gliomas (LGG), WHO grade II and III, similarly predicts poorer outcomes. We further assessed whether tumor genetics and cellularity are associated with SVZ involvement and outcomes.METHODSForty‐five consecutive LGG patients with preoperative imaging and next generation sequencing were included in this study. Regional SVZ involvement and whole tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, as a measure of cellularity, were assessed on magnetic resonance imaging. Progression was determined by RANO criteria. Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the hazard ratios (HR) for progression and survival.RESULTSFrontal, parietal, temporal, and overall SVZ involvement and ADC values were not associated with progression or survival (P ≥ .05). However, occipital SVZ involvement, seen in two patients, was associated with a higher risk of tumor progression (HR = 6.6, P = .016) and death (HR = 31.5, P = .015), CDKN2A/B mutations (P = .03), and lower ADC histogram values at the 5th (P = .026) and 10th percentiles (P = .046). Isocitrate dehydrogenase, phosphatase and tensin homolog, epidermal growth factor receptor, and cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 mutations were also prognostic (P ≤ .05).CONCLUSIONSUnlike in GBM, overall SVZ involvement was not found to strongly predict poor prognosis in LGGs. However, occipital SVZ involvement, though uncommon, was prognostic and found to be associated with CDKN2A/B mutations and tumor hypercellularity. Further investigation into these molecular mechanisms underlying occipital SVZ involvement in larger cohorts is warranted.
Routine vitamin A supplementation and other high impact interventions in Sierra Leone
Authors: Koroma Aminata S. , Conteh Sulaiman G. , Bah Mariama , Kamara Habib I. , Turay Mohamed , Kandeh Abdulai , Macauley Anna , Allieu Henry , A. Kargbo Anita , Sonnie Mustapha , Hodges Mary H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn 2017, transition to routine vitamin A supplementation (VAS) commenced as an integrated reproductive and child health service including vaccinations, Albendazole for deworming, complementary feeding demonstrations, ‘quality’ family planning counselling and provision of modern contraceptives. After 10 months, a lot quality assurance sampling survey evaluated coverage of these interventions. Each of three districts was divided into five supervision areas (lots), and 19 villages were randomly selected in each lot proportional to population size. Households were randomly selected, and a questionnaire was administered to a caregiver of a child 6–11, 12–23 and 24–59 months in each village. Overall, caregivers of 855 children were interviewed, and 19 questionnaires were completed for each age group (6–11, 12–23 and 24–59 months) in each of the five lots in each district. All lots in one district passed the threshold of 80% for VAS and 75% coverage for Albendazole, and two lots failed for either VAS/Albendazole in the other two districts. Overall, weighted VAS coverage for children 6–59 months was 86.9%, and weighted Albendazole coverage for children 12–59 months was 80.9%. Most caregivers (77.2%) knew that complementary feeding should be introduced at 6 months, 44.9% were providing three or more (of six) food groups, 84.9% were aware of family planning and 37.5% were using a modern contraceptive. Integration of reproductive and child health services appears to be a suitable platform for routine VAS and Albendazole whilst improving complementary feeding practices and access to family planning.
How firms finance innovation. Further empirics from European SMEs
Authors: Aiello Francesco , Bonanno Graziella , Rossi Stefania P. S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate the role played by different sources of financing when analyzing firms' attitudes towards innovating. The empirical investigation is based on a large sample of European small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) observed over the period 2012–2017. Different measures of finance and several robustness checks are used to select a well‐behaved probit model. The results show that the probability to innovate increases when firms use internal financing and grants. The same applies when funds come from family and friends, while no conclusive evidence is found for bank loans. Recommendations for public policy to encourage firm‐tailored policies to promote investment in intangibles allow firms to benefit from innovation activities. European SMEs will also benefit from capital market developments and the advancement of new financial tools devoted to supporting innovation.
The impact of stigma on medication adherence in patients with functional dyspepsia
Authors: Yan Xiu‐Juan , Luo Qing‐Qing , Qiu Hong‐Yi , Ji Chen‐Feng , Chen Sheng‐Liang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPsychological factors contribute to the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). Antidepressant agents are beneficial in treatment of refractory FD. However, their efficacy is greatly hindered by the poor treatment adherence. Stigma is present in patients with chronic diseases or mental disorders and could affect adherence. The present study was aimed to evaluate stigma prevalence in FD patients and to explore the impact of stigma on treatment adherence to antidepressants.MethodsFunctional dyspepsia patients unsatisfied with the regular first‐line treatment and received newly initiated antidepressant medicine were recruited and subjected to antidepressant treatment for 8 weeks. Stigma scales and symptom scores of dyspepsia, depression, and anxiety were analyzed before and after treatment. Associations between stigma and medication adherence were evaluated.Key resultsOne hundred and ten of the enrolled 138 participants reported minimal disease‐related internalized stigma, and 28 reported mild stigma before antidepressant therapy. Male gender, lower education, and higher scores of dyspepsia, depression, and anxiety were predictors of stigma before treatment. The mean stigma scores increased after 8‐week antidepressant treatment. A proportion (36.4%‐89.9%) of patients showed stigma attached to antidepressant therapy in the 4‐question survey. Post‐treatment stigma scores negatively correlated with treatment adherence and efficacy. Patients with decreased post‐treatment stigma scores displayed better medication adherence and symptom improvement compared to those with elevated or unaltered post‐treatment stigma scores.ConclusionsPatients with refractory FD report stigma attached to the disease and antidepressants. It is an obstacle to treatment adherence and efficacy of antidepressant medication in FD therapy.
Walkability indices and childhood obesity: A review of epidemiologic evidence
Authors: Yang Shujuan , Chen Xiang , Wang Lei , Wu Tong , Fei Teng , Xiao Qian , Zhang Gang , Ning Yi , Jia Peng 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe lack of an active neighbourhood living environment can impact community health to a great extent. One such impact manifests in walkability, a measure of urban design in connecting places and facilitating physical activity. Although a low level of walkability is generally considered to be a risk factor for childhood obesity, this association has not been established in obesity research. To further examine this association, we conducted a literature search on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for articles published until 31 December 2018. The included literature examined the association between measures of walkability (e.g., walkability score and walkability index) and weight‐related behaviours and/or outcomes among children aged under 18 years. A total of 13 studies conducted in seven countries were identified, including 12 cross‐sectional studies and one longitudinal study. The sample size ranged from 98 to 37 460, with a mean of 4971 ± 10 618, and the age of samples ranged from 2 to 18. Eight studies reported that a higher level of walkability was associated with active lifestyles and healthy weight status, which was not supported by five studies. In addition to reviewing the state‐of‐the‐art of applications of walkability indices in childhood obesity studies, this study also provides guidance on when and how to use walkability indices in future obesity‐related research.
Checking the basis of intraosseous access—Radiological study on tibial dimensions in the pediatric population
Authors: Capobianco Stéphanie , Weiss Markus , Schraner Thomas , Stimec Jennifer , Neuhaus Kathrin , Neuhaus Diego 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundMalposition of intraosseous needles in pediatric patients is frequently reported. Incorrect needle length and penetration depth related to the puncture site and level are possible causes.AimsAim of this study was to analyze anatomic dimensions of the proximal tibia in the pediatric population with respect to intraosseous needle placement and needle tip position.MethodsPlain lower leg radiographs of children aged from birth to 16 years of age were analyzed. Pretibial tissue layer, cortical bone thickness, and the diameter of the medullary cavity were measured at two different puncture levels. Data were analyzed as descriptive statistics and by polynomial regression plots and set in context to commonly used EZ‐IO® needle lengths of 15 and 25 mm.ResultsRadiographs from 190 patients (104 boys/86 girls) were included. When fully inserted to skin level, up to 10.5% of needles do not reach medullary cavity at one and 18.5% at two patient's fingerbreadths distal to tibial tuberosity. The opposite cortical wall is touched or penetrated in 16% and 25%, respectively. Up to 96% of too deep needle tip positions occur in children younger than 24 months, as do too superficial tip positions in 59%.ConclusionsPuncture level and needle length have a great influence on potential needle tip positions. Infants and toddlers are at highest risk for malpositioning. Due to relevant growth‐related differences in tibial anatomy, an age‐related and well‐reflected approach is crucial to successfully establish intraosseous access.
Approaches to safe living and diet after solid organ transplantation
Authors: Albert Jonathan , Hanisch Benjamin , Sgambat Kristen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSOT recipients are at high risk for developing severe infectious complications following discharge from the hospital. Comprehensive anticipatory guidance surrounding everyday lifestyle choices can potentially prevent exposure to infectious agents from the environment. This paper reviews the risks that pediatric and adolescent SOT recipients encounter through exposures such as household contacts, outdoor activities, travel, animal exposures, and dietary choices. Although strong evidence is lacking, this paper makes recommendations aimed at minimizing the risk of infectious complications and hospitalization in pediatric SOT recipients.
The Psychological Benefits of Marriage and Children in Rural Malawi
Authors: Clark Shelley , Cotton Cassandra , Margolis Rachel , Kohler Hans‐Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite an extensive literature on the psychological rewards of marriage and children in high‐income countries, research on these relationships in low‐income countries remains limited. This paper draws on data from 4,133 adult women and men interviewed in the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health to examine how marital status, categorized as never, formerly, monogamously, and polygynously married, and number of children are associated with psychological well‐being. With respect to marital status, we find that women in polygynous unions fare worse than monogamously married women and this detrimental effect is stronger for women than for men. Formerly married men and women of reproductive age experience the worst psychological outcomes, although this association wanes with age. In contrast, the benefits of having children is only evident among older Malawian women. These findings offer novel insights into the patterns of nearly universal marriage and high fertility that characterize Malawi and much of sub‐Saharan Africa.
Examining the role of social physique anxiety on the relationship between physical appearance comparisons and disordered eating symptoms among Spanish emerging adults
Authors: Alcaraz‐Ibáñez, Manuel , Paterna, Adrian , Griffiths Mark D. , Sicilia Álvaro 
Published: July 2020

The present study extends previous research by examining the moderating/mediating role of social physique anxiety (SPA) on the relationship between physical appearance comparisons (PAC) and symptoms of disordered eating (DE) in adolescent population. A total of 555 emerging adults (59% women) ranging from 18 to 30 years of age (M = 21.34, SD = 2.80) were recruited from two public universities from Spain using a non‐probabilistic sampling technique. Participants completed a self‐reported questionnaire comprising the variables of research interest. Once the effects of sex (i.e., being men or women), age, body mass index, and depressive symptoms were controlled for, the results from bootstrapping cross‐sectional regression analyses supported both the moderating and mediating effect of SPA on the relationship between PAC and DE. Sex did not moderate any of these relationships. From these findings, it follows that incorporating strategies aimed at decreasing PAC and SPA may contribute to improved prevention efforts aimed at decreasing DE among Spanish emerging adults of both sexes.
Kynurenine 3‐monooxygenase (KMO), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression is involved in tumour proliferation and predicts poor survival in canine melanoma
Authors: Liu I‐Li , Chung Ting‐Fang , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Hsu Chia‐Hui , Liu Cheng‐Chi , Chiu Yi‐Han , Huang Kuo‐Chin , Liao Albert Tai‐Ching , Lin Chen‐Si 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCanine melanoma is a malignant tumour that exhibits aggressive behaviour, and frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant sites. Currently, there are no effective treatments or practical prognostic biomarkers for canine melanoma. The enzyme kynurenine 3‐monooxygenase (KMO), which plays a central role in the tryptophan metabolism, has previously been identified as the main pathogenic factor in neurodegenerative diseases; however, it has recently been found to be positively associated with tumour malignancy in human hepatocellular carcinoma and canine mammary tumours. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a well‐known oncoprotein contributing to the proliferation, survival, invasiveness and metastasis of a variety of cancers. Although whether STAT3 and KMO collaborate in tumorigenesis needs to be further verified, our previous findings showed that inhibition of KMO activity reduced activation of STAT3. This study investigated the expressions of KMO and STAT3/phosphorylated (pSTAT3) by immunohistochemical analysis in 85 cases of canine melanoma, showing their expression levels were high within highly mitotic melanoma cells. KMO Overexpression was significantly associated with increased STAT3 and pSTAT3 expressions. Melanoma tissues with higher KMO, STAT3 and pSTAT3 protein expressions were correlated with reduced survival rates of the canine patients. Moreover, inhibition of KMO activity in canine melanoma cells resulted in reduced cell viability, in addition to decreased expressions of STAT3 and pSTAT3. Our results indicated the significance of KMO and the potential role of KMO/STAT3 interaction in enhancing tumour development. Additionally, KMO and STAT3/pSTAT3 may be viewed as useful biomarkers for the prediction of prognosis of canine melanoma.