bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Chitosan/Poly(ethylene oxide)‐Based Hybrid Polymer Composite Electrolyte Suitable for Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ai Shun , Wang Tianyi , Li Tao , Wan Yuanxin , Xu Xiaoqian , Lu Hongyan , Qu Tengfei , Luo Shaochuan , Jiang Jing , Yu Xianghua , Zhou Dongshan , Li Liang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes have good mechanical and thermal stability to meet the safety and performance of advanced lithium‐based rechargeable battery technologies. However, the drawbacks such as high interfacial impedance and low ionic conductivity of the solid‐state polymer electrolytes at room temperature are the current demanding challenges that need to be addressed. Here, we report hybrid polymer composite electrolyte that is composed of a chitosan composite polymer electrolyte soaked with a slightly liquid electrolyte. The hybrid polymer composite electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity about 6.8×10−4 S cm−1 with a low interfacial impedance at room temperature and outstanding flexibility. The lithium‐metal/LiFePO4 solid‐state cell using this hybrid polymer composite electrolyte can be operated at room temperature maintaining a high cathode capacity of 120 mA h g−1 for 130 cycles. This chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide)‐based hybrid polymer composite electrolyte system provides a promising direction for the creation of novel solid‐electrolyte, which meets both high ionic conductivity and low interfacial impedance requirements for practical solid‐polymer batteries.
Dynamic Environmental Control in Microfluidic Single‐Cell Cultivations: From Concepts to Applications
Authors: Täuber Sarah , von Lieres Eric , Grünberger Alexander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMicrofluidic single‐cell cultivation (MSCC) is an emerging field within fundamental as well as applied biology. During the last years, most MSCCs were performed at constant environmental conditions. Recently, MSCC at oscillating and dynamic environmental conditions has started to gain significant interest in the research community for the investigation of cellular behavior. Herein, an overview of this topic is given and microfluidic concepts that enable oscillating and dynamic control of environmental conditions with a focus on medium conditions are discussed, and their application in single‐cell research for the cultivation of both mammalian and microbial cell systems is demonstrated. Furthermore, perspectives for performing MSCC at complex dynamic environmental profiles of single parameters and multiparameters (e.g., pH and O2) in amplitude and time are discussed. The technical progress in this field provides completely new experimental approaches and lays the foundation for systematic analysis of cellular metabolism at fluctuating environments.
Zoonotic implications of camel diseases in Iran
Authors: Mohammadpour Roya , Champour Mohsen , Tuteja Fateh , Mostafavi Ehsan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractApproximately 60% of all human pathogens and 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic (of animal origin). Camel zoonotic diseases can be encountered in all camel‐rearing countries. In this article, all studies carried out on camel zoonotic diseases in Iran are reviewed to show the importance of camels for public health in this country. More than 900 published documents were systematically searched to find relevant studies from 1,890 until late 2018. The collected articles were classified according to the aetiological agents. In this study, 19 important zoonotic diseases were reported among Iranian camels including listeriosis, leptospirosis, plague, Q fever, brucellosis, campylobacteriosis, tuberculosis, pasteurellosis, clostridiosis, salmonellosis,Escherichia coliinfections, rabies, camelpox, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Crimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever, echinococcosis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis and dermatophytosis, most of which belong to bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens, respectively. Results show that camels are one of the most important sources of infections and diseases in human; therefore, continuous monitoring and inspection programs are necessary to prevent the outbreak of zoonotic diseases caused by this animal in humans.
Genetic characterization of the spike gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses (PEDVs) circulating in Vietnam from 2015 to 2016
Authors: Than Van T. , Choe Se‐Eun , Vu Thi T. H. , Do Tien D. , Nguyen Thi L. , Bui Thi T. N. , Mai Thi N. , Cha Ra M. , Song Daesub , An Dong‐Jun , Le Van P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundPorcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious swine disease caused by the PED virus (PEDV), which is a member of the family Coronaviridae. Since the first outbreaks in Belgium and the United Kingdom were reported in 1971, PED has spread throughout many countries around the world and causing significant economic loss. This study was conducted to investigate the recent distribution of PEDV strains in Vietnam during the 2015–2016 seasons.MethodsA total of 30 PED‐specific PCR‐positive intestinal and faecal samples were collected from unvaccinated piglets in Vietnam during the 2015–2016 seasons. The full length of the spike (S) gene of these PEDV strains were analysed to determine their phylogeny and genetic relationship with other available PEDV strains globally.ResultsPhylogenetic analysis of the complete S gene sequences revealed that the 28 Vietnamese PEDV strains collected in the northern and central regions clustered in the G2 group (both G2a and G2b sub‐groups), while the other 2 PEDV strains (HUA‐PED176 and HUA‐PED254) collected in the southern region were clustered in the G1/G1b group/sub‐group. The nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) analyses based on the complete S gene sequences showed that the Vietnamese PEDV strains were closely related to each other, sharing nt and aa homology of 93.2%–99.9% and 92.6%–99.9%, respectively. The N‐glycosylation patterns and mutations in the antigenic region were observed in Vietnamese PEDV strains.ConclusionsThis study provides, for the first time, up‐to‐date information on viral circulation and genetic distribution, as well as evidence to assist in the development of effective PEDV vaccines in Vietnam.
Ten years after Copenhagen: Reimagining climate change governance in urban areas
Authors: Castán Broto Vanesa , Westman Linda K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this review, we take stock of the last decade of research on climate change governance in urban areas since the 2009 conference in Copenhagen. Using a systematic evaluation of academic publications in the field, we argue that the current moment of research has been shaped by two recent waves of thought. The first, a wave of urban optimism, which started in 2011 and peaked in 2013, engaged with urban areas as alternative sites for governance in the face of the crumbling international climate regime. The second, a wave of urban pragmatism, which started in 2016, has sought to reimagine urban areas following the integration of the “sub‐national” as a meaningful category in the international climate regime after the 2015 Paris Agreement for Climate Action. Four themes dominate the debate on climate change governance in urban areas: why there is climate action, how climate action is delivered, how it is articulated in relation to internationally reaching networks, and what implications it has to understand environmental or climate justice within urban settings. Calls to understand the impacts of climate change policy have fostered research on climate change politics, issues of power and control, conflicts, and the inherently unjust nature of much climate policy. What is largely missing from the current scholarship is a sober assessment of the mundane aspects of climate change governance on the ground and a concern with what kind of cultural and socio‐economic change is taking place, beyond comparative analyses of the effectiveness of climate policies.This article is categorized under:

Policy and Governance > Governing Climate Change in Communities, Cities, and Regions
Rotating black hole entropy from M5-branes
Authors: Benini Francesco , Gang Dongmin , Pando Zayas Leopoldo A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe compute the superconformal index of 3d$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 2 superconformal field theories obtained fromNM5-branes wrapped on a hyperbolic 3-manifold. Exploiting the 3d-3d correspondence, we use perturbative invariants of SL(N,ℂ) Chern-Simons theory to determine the superconformal index in the largeNlimit, including corrections logarithmic inN. The leading order partition function provides a microscopic foundation for the entropy function of the dual rotating asymptotically AdS4black holes. We also verify that the supergravity one-loop contribution to the logNterm coincides with the field theoretic result. We propose a 3d-3d formulation for the refined topologically twisted index, and provide strong evidence in support of its vanishing — which agrees with the fact that the expected dual rotating magnetically-charged black hole does not exist. This provides an interesting link between gravity and a tantalizing mathematical result.
The axion mass from 5D small instantons
Authors: Gherghetta Tony , Khoze Valentin V. , Pomarol Alex , Shirman Yuri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We calculate a new contribution to the axion mass that arises from gluons propagating in a 5th dimension at high energies. By uplifting the 4D instanton solution to five dimensions, the positive frequency modes of the Kaluza-Klein states generate a power-law term in the effective action that inversely grows with the instanton size. This causes 5D small instantons to enhance the axion mass in a way that does not spoil the axion solution to the strong CP problem. Moreover this enhancement can be much larger than the usual QCD contribution from large instantons, although it requires the 5D gauge theory to be near the non-perturbative limit. Thus our result suggests that the mass range of axions (or axion-like particles), which is important for ongoing experimental searches, can depend sensitively on the UV modification of QCD.
Centralisation of Pancreatoduodenectomy in India: Where Do We Stand?
Authors: Shinde Rajesh S. , Pandrowala Saneya , Navalgund Sunil , Pai Esha , Bhandare Manish S. , Chaudhari Vikram A. , Sullivan Richard , Shrikhande Shailesh V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe volume–outcome relationship dictates that high‐volume centres lead to improved patient outcomes after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). We conducted a retrospective review to fathom the situation in India for PD and whether referral to high‐volume centres would make a positive impact.
MethodA systematic literature search in MEDLINE was performed, and all articles published from Indian centres from 01.03.2008 to 30.11.2019 were scrutinised. Any series with less than 20 patients, case reports, abstracts, unpublished data and personal communications were excluded.ResultsA total of 36 unique series including 6226 patients from 24 institutes across India were identified. Amongst the 24 institutes, 2 institutes reported less than 10 cases/year, 11 reported 10–25 cases/year and 11 reported ≥26 cases/year. Overall perioperative morbidity was 42.4%, 43.4% and 41% for centres doing <10, 10–25 and ≥26 cases/year, respectively. Operative mortality also improved with increasing number of cases/year (5.1% vs. 6.6% vs. 3.2%, respectively).
ConclusionWith increasing volume of cases per year, trend towards improved PD outcomes is observed. To optimise the use of healthcare facilities, it would be pragmatic to consider building an organised referral system for complex surgeries to deliver unsurpassed patient care with maximum utilisation of the available healthcare infrastructure.
How do pediatric patients perceive adverse drug events of anticonvulsant drugs? A survey
Authors: Neininger Martina Patrizia , Woltermann Sarah , Jeschke Sarah , Herziger Birthe , Müller Ruth Melinda , Kiess Wieland , Bertsche Thilo , Bertsche Astrid 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnticonvulsant drugs have a high risk of adverse drug events. Little is known about the perception of those events by pediatric patients. We performed a survey in the neuropediatric departments of two university hospitals. Using a questionnaire, we interviewed patients aged 6–18 years with current anticonvulsant treatment regarding (i) their fears about potential adverse drug events, (ii) experienced adverse drug events, and (iii) perceived burden of experienced adverse drug events. One hundred patients took part in the interview. (i) 40 (40%) expressed fears that the medication could harm them. Eighteen of 40 (45%) named fears concerning specific adverse drug events. Of those, 12/18 (67%) feared neurologic or psychiatric symptoms. (ii) 37 (37%) of children described altogether 60 experienced adverse drug events. Of those, 38 (63%) concerned neurologic or psychiatric symptoms. (iii) 32/37 (82%) children who experienced adverse drug events felt bothered by the experienced event. Among others, they described an emotional burden (11/37, 30%), and restrictions in school performance (8/37, 22%) and favorite leisure activities (4/37, 11%).Conclusion: School-aged children are well able to describe adverse drug events of their anticonvulsant medication. Almost two thirds of the described events concern neurologic or psychiatric symptoms that cause an emotional burden and restrictions according to the patients.

What is Known:• Anticonvulsants have a high potential of adverse drug events.• In an earlier survey, parents expressed fears of severe adverse drug events such as liver failure, which seldom occur, and reported a high number of neurological and psychological adverse drug events.

What is New:• Many children fear that their anticonvulsants could harm them, and they fear and experience neurological and psychological adverse drug events.• According to the children, adverse drug events cause an emotional burden and restrictions in school performance and favorite leisure activities.
Strategic voting in the lab: compromise and leader bias behavior
Authors: Meir Reshef , Gal Kobi , Tal Maor 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPlurality voting is perhaps the most commonly used way to aggregate the preferences of multiple voters. Yet, there is no consensus on how people vote strategically, even in very simple settings. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive study of people’s voting behavior in various online settings under the plurality rule. We implemented voting games that replicate two common real-world voting scenarios in controlled experiments. In the first, a single voter votes once after seeing a pre-election poll. In the second game, a group of voters play an iterative game, and change their vote as the game progresses (as in online voting). The winning candidate in each game (and hence the subject’s payment) is determined using the plurality rule. For each of these settings we generated hundreds of game instances, varying conditions such as the number of voters, subjects’ preferences over candidates and the poll information that was made available to the subjects prior to voting. We show that people can be classified into several groups, one of which is not engaged in any strategic behavior, while the largest group demonstrates both a tendency for strategic compromise, and a bias toward voting for the leader in the poll. We provide a detailed analysis of this group behavior for both settings, and how it depends on the poll information. Our study has insight for multi-agent system designers in uncovering patterns that provide reasonable predictions of voters’ behaviors, which may facilitate the design of agents that support people or act autonomously in voting systems.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen
Authors: Harrison Sean , Tilling Kate , Turner Emma L. , Martin Richard M. , Lennon Rosie , Lane J. Athene , Donovan Jenny L. , Hamdy Freddie C. , Neal David E. , Bosch J. L. H. Ruud , Jones Hayley E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA.

Methods
We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome.

Results
In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of − 5.88% (95% CI − 6.87 to − 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI − 5.57 to − 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI − 15.2 to − 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations.

Conclusion
There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.
A Comparison Theorem for Nonsmooth Nonlinear Operators
Authors: Kozlov Vladimir , Nazarov Alexander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe prove a comparison theorem for super- and sub-solutions with non-vanishing gradients to semilinear PDEs provided a nonlinearity f is Lp function with p > 1. The proof is based on a strong maximum principle for solutions of divergence type elliptic equations with VMO leading coefficients and with lower order coefficients from a Kato class. An application to estimation of periodic water waves profiles is given.
A stepwise titration protocol for oral appliance therapy in positional obstructive sleep apnea patients: proof of concept
Authors: de Ruiter M. H. T. , Aarab G. , de Vries N. , Lobbezoo F. , de Lange J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
In patients with positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA), oral appliance therapy (OAT) is among the first-line treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a new standardized stepwise titration protocol for OAT in a group of patients with POSA.

Methods
This was an observational intervention trial. Patients who were previously randomized to the OAT intervention arm of a comparison study comprised the subjects for this study. These patients, who had mild to moderate POSA, were assessed after 3 and 12 months for treatment efficacy, objective adherence by temperature microsensor, and side effects. The titration of OAT was performed using a standardized stepwise titration protocol including advancement levels of 60%, 75%, and 90% of the maximum mandibular protrusion. The optimal advancement level per individual was based on a weighted compromise between efficacy and side effects.

Results
In total, 36 patients were included and all completed the titration protocol after 3 months. At baseline, the OAT was set at 60% of the maximal mandibular protrusion position. At a 3-month evaluation, the advancement remained at 60% in 16 patients (44%) and reached 75% advancement in 20 patients (56%). Mean apnea-hypopnea index decreased from 12.9 events per hour (9.1–16.7) to 6.9 (3.7–10.3) (P < 0.001), and median objective adherence was 97.4 (61.4–100.00) after 3 months. The 12-month analysis showed consistent results and good OAT tolerance. Six patients (16.7%) terminated OAT and one patient (2.8%) was lost to follow-up.

Conclusions
This standardized stepwise titration protocol for OAT showed good efficacy, good OAT tolerance, and good objective adherence in patients with mild to moderate POSA. Therefore, the protocol is recommended in research projects to improve standardization of methods between studies and in clinical practice for its practical feasibility.
Long-term work retention after treatment for cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: de Boer Angela GEM , Torp Steffen , Popa Adela , Horsboel Trine , Zadnik Vesna , Rottenberg Yakir , Bardi Edit , Bultmann Ute , Sharp Linda 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Almost half of people diagnosed with cancer are working age. Survivors have increased risk of unemployment, but little is known about long-term work retention. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed work retention and associated factors in long-term cancer survivors.

Methods
We searched Medline/Pubmed, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL for studies published 01/01/2000–08/01/2019 reporting work retention in adult cancer survivors ≥ 2 years post-diagnosis. Survivors had to be in paid work at diagnosis. Pooled prevalence of long-term work retention was estimated. Factors associated with work retention from multivariate analysis were synthesized.

Results
Twenty-nine articles, reporting 21 studies/datasets including 14,207 cancer survivors, were eligible. Work retention was assessed 2–14 years post-diagnosis. Fourteen studies were cross-sectional, five were prospective, and two contained both cross-sectional and prospective elements. No studies were scored as high quality. The pooled estimate of prevalence of long-term work retention in cancer survivors working at diagnosis was 0.73 (95%CI 0.69–0.77). The proportion working at 2–2.9 years was 0.72; at 3–3.9 years 0.80; at 4–4.9 years 0.75; at 5–5.9 years 0.74; and 6+ years 0.65. Pooled estimates did not differ by cancer site, geographical area, or study design. Seven studies assessed prognostic factors for work retention: older age, receiving chemotherapy, negative health outcomes, and lack of work adjustments were associated with not working.

Conclusion
Almost three-quarters of long-term cancer survivors working at diagnosis retain work.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
These findings are pertinent for guidelines on cancer survivorship care. Professionals could focus support on survivors most likely to have poor long-term work outcomes.
Convolution-based multi-scale envelope inversion
Authors: Liu Ding-Jin , Huang Jian-Ping , Wang Zi-Ying 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnvelope inversion (EI) is an efficient tool to mitigate the nonlinearity of conventional full waveform inversion (FWI) by utilizing the ultralow-frequency component in the seismic data. However, the performance of envelope inversion depends on the frequency component and initial model to some extent. To improve the convergence ability and avoid the local minima issue, we propose a convolution-based envelope inversion method to update the low-wavenumber component of the velocity model. Besides, the multi-scale inversion strategy (MCEI) is also incorporated to improve the inversion accuracy while guaranteeing the global convergence. The success of this method relies on modifying the original envelope data to expand the overlap region between observed and modeled envelope data, which in turn expands the global minimum basin of misfit function. The accurate low-wavenumber component of the velocity model provided by MCEI can be used as the migration model or an initial model for conventional FWI. The numerical tests on simple layer model and complex BP 2004 model verify that the proposed method is more robust than EI even when the initial model is coarse and the frequency component of data is high.