bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors to prevent heart failure hospitalization in patients with diabetes, with potential time‐varying benefit
Authors: Takahashi Yasuo , Minagawa Kimino , Nagashima Takuya , Hayakawa Takashi , Akimoto Hayato , Asai Satoshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSGLT2 inhibitors show promise in reducing hospitalization for heart failure in diabetics, but their long‐term effects and time‐dependency remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective nested case–control study within a large type 2 diabetic cohort (n = 11,209) using electronic health records. Cases (heart failure hospitalization, n = 352) were matched to controls (n = 1372) based on age, sex, cohort entry date, and diabetes duration. Matched‐set conditional logistic regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for antidiabetic drug class and heart failure hospitalization risk. SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a significant reduction in heart failure hospitalization risk (adjusted HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38–0.82, p = 0.028). This protective effect appeared more pronounced with a longer duration of treatment, suggesting a potential cumulative benefit. Time‐varying analysis within propensity score‐matched cohorts revealed a progressive decrease in hospitalization risk with continued SGLT2 inhibitor use, indicating a strengthening effect over time (greedy nearest neighbor: HR 0.52, CI 0.31–0.87, p = 0.015; optimal matching: HR 0.54, CI 0.34–0.85, p = 0.008). While promising, further investigation with larger datasets is warranted to definitively confirm these findings.
Antitrust rules and remedies against platforms' treacherous turns
Authors: Bostoen Friso , Petit Nicolas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDigital platforms can take a ‘treacherous turn’, where they initially set advantageous terms and conditions only to reverse them once demand has become sticky. Transaction costs economics has long recognised the harm caused by such opportunism, especially in the presence of relation‐specific investments. Such investments are the norm in the platform economy, where opportunism is being rediscovered under labels such as ‘open early, closed late’. Despite economic recognition of the phenomenon, however, antitrust law is lagging behind. Its micro‐rules of liability, for example on excessive pricing and refusal to supply, do not adequately capture treacherous turn strategies, neither do related rules from contract law or sectoral regulation. Hence, we propose adopting a targeted quasi‐per se rule to fill the treacherous gap. Unless the platform can advance a plausible business justification, the rule imposes a remedy freezing the previous terms in place.
Better than risk‐free: Reserve premiums and bank lending
Authors: Kim Raymond 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhen the Federal Reserve first paid interest on excess reserves (IOER) in October 2008, banks faced a choice to earn a “better than” risk‐free rate, or lend to earn a higher, riskier rate. Evidence suggests the “reserves‐lending puzzle” is not driven by endogeneity from reverse causality, flight to safety, or increased Treasury supply, but by the introduction of the “reserve premium” (IOER‐3MT), which is associated with a reduction of domestic bank‐level lending by ‐5.1% (‐$420.2B). Findings suggest the reserves risk channel can aid in restricting inflation. Additionally, recent Senior Financial Officer Surveys corroborate the conclusions presented in this paper.
Distance‐Based Agglomeration Externalities and the Survival of Logistics Firms: Evidence From a Publicly Developed Logistics Park
Authors: He Nannan , Jian Ming , Fang Xing , Li Guoqi , Liu Sijing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNumerous studies have shown that agglomeration externalities play a crucial role in the survival prospects of logistics firms. However, previous studies have largely ignored the role that agglomeration externalities play at a more granular level. Therefore, this paper used Chengdu International Railway Port as a case study, constructed a distance‐based agglomeration measure to explore the impact of agglomeration externalities on the survival of logistics firms located within a publicly developed logistics park (PDLP). The results show that the three types of agglomeration externalities coexist and are highly localized in the PDLP, and their effects change with distance from the logistics firm. Specifically, the specialization externalities operate within 1.5 km of the logistics firm and produce competitive effects within immediate proximity (0.5 km). Second, while diversification externalities cause significant congestion effects, interindustry knowledge spillovers arising from related diversification externalities play a key role in the 0.5 km proximity of logistics firms, and unrelated diversification externalities play a positive role in reducing the market transaction costs of logistics firms outside the 0.5 km range.
Sleep‐enhancing nursing interventions in hospital wards: A systematic review
Authors: Mendonça Sílvia Caldeira , Martins Diogo Máximo Sabino , Durão Cândida , Teixeira Joana Moreira Ferreira , da Silva Rafael Henriques Helga Marília 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimTo identify sleep‐promoting nursing interventions in hospitalized adults and older people.BackgroundSleep is necessary for maintaining good physical and mental health, as well as a high quality of life. Hospitalization can significantly disrupt sleep patterns, which is an often‐overlooked issue. Nurses are the main participants in promoting sleep in hospitalized patients.MethodsSystematic literature review based on the question: “What interventions can nurses implement to promote sleep in hospitalized adults and older people?”. The research was conducted on April 4, 2023, in CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, filtering the articles published in the last 10 years. For a study to be included, it must feature adult or older participants, an intervention that aims to enhance sleep, and the research should have been conducted within a hospital setting. We followed the PRISMA flow diagram and analyzed the quality of the articles according to the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for quality assessment. The results were subjected to a narrative synthesis.Results or findingsOf the 712 articles found, 13 were selected. The sample encompasses 1975 participants. These selected articles emphasize educational and communicative interventions, dietary and sensory interventions, symptomatic and environmental control, daily activity planning, sleep assessment and documentation, and individualized nursing care.DiscussionThere is a need for a systematic approach incorporating physical, psychosocial, and relational dimensions within the care context.ConclusionIt is necessary to raise the nurses’ awareness of the factors that affect sleep experience and empower them to promote sleep in partnership with hospitalized patients.Implications for nursing and health policySleep interventions can be promoted by implementing hospital policies, including environmental modifications in the design and refurbishment of facilities and restricting nighttime patient transfers to reduce noise and disturbances. Encouraging research studies that explore the effectiveness of these interventions will further support the development of evidence‐based policies aimed at improving sleep quality in hospitalized patients.
Parents' Willingness‐to‐Pay for Fissure Sealant and Fluoride Varnish Therapy in Public and Private Pediatric Clinics
Authors: Samadi Sepideh , Jadidfard Mohammad Pooyan , Tahani Bahareh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study employed the willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) method to investigate parents' valuation of fissure sealant (FS) and fluoride varnish (FV) therapy.DesignThis cross‐sectional analytical study was conducted in 2021 among 100 parents. The maximum WTP were collected using payment cards, an originally developed validated and reliable questionnaire, educational videos, and a hypothetical scenario. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, t‐test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThe mean (±SD) WTP was 245 700 (±158 756.24) and 232380.0 (±166 561.71) IR Tomans for FS and FV, respectively. WTP was significantly higher among parents who visited private clinics (p < 0.05) and government employees. Both in the whole sample and in the public group, parents without supplemental insurance had lower WTP values. The WTP values elicited through the payment card method (p = 0.014) and the open‐ended question (p = 0.031) for fathers with educational attainment below a high school diploma were significantly lower. There was no significant difference between the WTP values for these two therapies. Income level of the parents was the main indicator in the regression models, especially for WTP values of FS.ConclusionsThe demographic and socioeconomic conditions of parents as well as their insurance status were associated with the WTP values.
Natural History and Prognosis of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in the Indeterminate Phase
Authors: Jiang Hao , Yu Hongsheng , Huang Yinan , Li Mingkai , Yang Bilan , Xi Xiaoli , Lei Yiming , Wu Bin , Yang Yidong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsIn chronic hepatitis B (CHB), an indeterminate phase exists outside the typical predefined phases. Our study investigates this indeterminate phase's natural history and prognosis, focusing on antiviral treatment outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the risk of transitioning to immune active phase between inactive and indeterminate CHB and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis between untreated patients with indeterminate CHB (at baseline and throughout follow‐up) and those who received treatment, following standard AASLD 2018 guidance.ResultsThe risk of transitioning to the immune active phase over 3, 5, and 10 years was 6.3%, 8.9%, and 14.2%, respectively, for inactive phase patients (n = 104). For HBeAg‐negative indeterminate phase patients (n = 194), the risk was significantly higher at 23.0%, 31.9%, and 38.2%, and for HBeAg‐positive indeterminate phase patients (n = 140), it was 40.4%, 52.0%, and 55.0% (p < 0.001). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was utilized to balance the groups of treated and untreated indeterminate patients. Following IPTW adjustment, the Kaplan–Meier curve analysis indicates that the risk of HCC and cirrhosis among untreated patients (n = 294) is higher than that among treated patients (n = 76), (p = 0.015 and 0.007, respectively). In the multivariable analysis, antiviral therapy remained an independent predictor of a reduced risk of HCC (aHR 0.128, 95% CI 0.031–0.522, p = 0.005) and cirrhosis (aHR 0.148, 95% CI 0.044–0.496, p = 0.002).ConclusionThe indeterminate phase patients had a high‐risk transition to active phase, and antiviral therapy can reduce the incidence of developing HCC and cirrhosis.
A Simple Prediction Model for Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Hospital‐Based Administrative Database Study
Authors: Watanabe Kenta , Tsuji Tsuyotoshi , Matsuzawa Hisanori , Saruta Yohei , Shimodaira Yosuke , Iijima Katsunori 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimFew prediction scores for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), a potentially life‐threatening nosocomial diarrhea, combine high accuracy with simplicity. A simple prediction score for routine clinical practice is needed.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all inpatients aged ≥ 18 at a secondary care hospital in Japan. The derivation and validation cohorts consisted of patients from January 2016 to December 2020 and January 2021 to September 2022, respectively. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved using electronic medical records and an administrative database. The primary outcome was to derive and validate an accurate, simple prediction score for primary hospital‐onset CDI. A derived prediction score by logistic regression analysis was calibrated and validated.ResultsCDI developed in 102 of 25 517 and 25 of 6259 patients in the derived and validation cohorts (2.7 cases/10 000 patient‐days). The derived model for predicting CDI, including antibiotic use, acid suppressant (proton pump inhibitors or vonoprazan) use, Charlson comorbidity index, and Barthel index, yielded c‐statistics of 0.89 and 0.82 in the derivation and validation cohort. The model was well calibrated.ConclusionsThis simple prediction score enables early medical intervention and modification of treatment plans to reduce the risk of developing primary hospital‐onset CDI.
Empathy to Creativity: The Associations Between Empathy and Everyday Creativity
Authors: Tie Bijie , Yang Wenjing , Huo Tengbin , Gao Yixin , Yang Xiongjian , Tian Dingyue , Pelowski Matthew , Qiu Jiang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveEveryday creativity is fundamental to human existence and improved well‐being. Beyond recent attention regarding how contextual, lifestyle, personality, and neurobiological differences might foster everyday creativity, empathy may also constitute an intriguing connection. However, this potential relationship has not yet been systematically assessed.MethodsStudy 1 used multiple psychometric instruments to examine the levels of emotional and cognitive empathies and everyday creativity among different samples (n = 809). Study 2 used a cross‐lagged panel model (CLPM) to examine longitudinal behavioral data (n = 653 at T1, n = 413 at T2) to determine how cognitive empathy might predict everyday creativity.ResultsStudy 1 found that cognitive but not affective empathy exhibited a significant positive correlation with everyday creativity and domain‐specific creative behaviors. Study 2 also reported a positive correlation between cognitive empathy, overall creative achievement, and certain domain‐specific creative achievements. Cognitive empathy was linked to greater involvement in everyday creativity.ConclusionTo our knowledge, these studies are the first to demonstrate a robust relationship between cognitive empathy and everyday creativity across different samples, measures, and longitudinal data, providing evidence of a nuanced relationship between cognitive empathy and creative achievement. Future studies should explore how creativity or empathy may foster empathic/creative development.
Constructions of superabundant tropical curves in higher genus
Authors: Koyama Sae 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe construct qualitatively new examples of superabundant tropical curves which are non‐realisable in genuses 3 and 4. These curves are in and , respectively, and have properties resembling canonical embeddings of genus 3 and 4 algebraic curves. In particular, the genus 3 example is a degree 4 planar tropical curve, and the genus 4 example is contained in the product of a tropical line and a tropical conic. They have excess dimension of deformation space equal to 1. Non‐realisability follows by combining this with a dimension calculation for the corresponding space of logarithmic curves.
Differential effects of Phosphodiesterase 4A5 on cAMP‐dependent forms of long‐term potentiation
Authors: Tadinada Satya Murthy , Walsh Emily N. , Mukherjee Utsav , Abel Ted 
Published: December 2024

AbstractcAMP signalling is critical for memory consolidation and certain forms of long‐term potentiation (LTP). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that degrade the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, are highly conserved during evolution and represent a unique set of drug targets, given the involvement of these enzymes in several pathophysiological states including brain disorders. The PDE4 family of cAMP‐selective PDEs exert regulatory roles in memory and synaptic plasticity, but the specific roles of distinct PDE4 isoforms in these processes are poorly understood. Building on our previous work demonstrating that spatial and contextual memory deficits were caused by expressing selectively the long isoform of the PDE4A subfamily, PDE4A5, in hippocampal excitatory neurons, we now investigate the effects of PDE4A isoforms on different cAMP‐dependent forms of LTP. We found that PDE4A5 impairs long‐lasting LTP induced by theta burst stimulation (TBS) while sparing long‐lasting LTP induced by spaced four‐train stimulation (4 × 100 Hz). This effect requires the unique N‐terminus of PDE4A5 and is specific to this long isoform. Targeted overexpression of PDE4A5 in area CA1 is sufficient to impair TBS‐LTP, suggesting that cAMP levels in the postsynaptic neuron are critical for TBS‐LTP. Our results shed light on the inherent differences among the PDE4A subfamily isoforms, emphasizing the importance of the long isoforms, which have a unique N‐terminal region. Advancing our understanding of the function of specific PDE isoforms will pave the way for developing isoform‐selective approaches to treat the cognitive deficits that are debilitating aspects of psychiatric, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
imageKey points
Hippocampal overexpression of PDE4A5, but not PDE4A1 or the N‐terminus‐truncated PDE4A5 (PDE4A5Δ4), selectively impairs long‐term potentiation (LTP) induced by theta burst stimulation (TBS‐LTP).
Expression of PDE4A5 in area CA1 is sufficient to cause deficits in TBS‐LTP.
Hippocampal overexpression of the PDE4A isoforms PDE4A1 and PDE4A5 does not impair LTP induced by repeated tetanic stimulation at the CA3–CA1 synapses.
These results suggest that PDE4A5, through its N‐terminus, regulates cAMP pools that are critical for memory consolidation and expression of specific forms of long‐lasting synaptic plasticity at CA3–CA1 synapses.
Intense Language Contact and Collapse of Lexical Strata
Authors: Gaeta Livio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In Töitschu, a variety of Walser German spoken in the language island of Issime in Aosta Valley, a verbalizing suffix -urun is found with a significant number of verbs. In the paper, its enhanced productivity is argued to result from the merger of two different patterns. This is the consequence of the leveling of the native Germanic and of the non-native Romance lexical strata due to the combined effect of two distinct phonological changes forcing initial stress and vowel harmony. The collapse of the stratal distinction must be seen within the peculiar sociolinguistic environment resulting from intense contact due to high multilingualism in the context of adult L2-learning.
L2 German Word Order Preferences by Immigrant L1 Korean Speakers
Authors: Joo Hyoun-A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines the L2 German verb placement preferences in 58 Korean immigrant workers in Germany. The verb placement preferences are compared to predictions of Organic Grammar (Vainikka and Young-Scholten, 2011). Assuming an incremental, bottom-up morphosyntactic development, the theory predicts the possibility that L2 acquirers develop only partial clausal structures. Organic Grammar further proposes a two-tree approach of morphosyntactic development and predicts that main clauses with verb-second order (V2) are acquired before subordinate clauses with verb-final order (OV). To test these predictions, participants completed two production tasks. Results show a mixed picture. Some participants’ L2 clausal structure seems to have developed only partially, supporting the incremental approach. Regarding the predicted order of acquisition, however, some participants who showed robust use of targetlike subordination with OV, struggled with V2, preferring V3 instead. This suggests the need for a revision of the two-tree approach to incorporate the V3 preference.
Mon féminisme anticolonialiste et antiraciste est ancré dans une expérience de vie
Authors: Vergès Françoise , Jones Janine 
Published: December 2024

Résumé
Dans cet entretien, la politologue et militante féministe décoloniale Françoise Vergès met en lumière le rôle du féminisme civilisationnel dans les luttes subversives menées par les féminismes décoloniaux du Sud pour mettre en échec le capitalisme racial, l’impérialisme, le (néo)colonialisme et le patriarcat. Vergès revient sur ses positions dans A Decolonial Feminism et place le problème « qui nettoie le monde ? » aux fondements du capitalisme racialisé et sexué : l’incapacité à dépasser ce problème garantit l’échec de toute révolution visant à donner naissance à un monde nouveau, décolonisé.
Exploring parents’ perceptions and experiences of childhood obesity and management in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: an interpretive qualitative study
Authors: Almutairi Sarah Hamad , Alhamidi Sami Abdulrahman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Childhood obesity is a public health concern in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where cultural and social factors shape parental perceptions. This study explores how Riyadh-based parents view childhood obesity.

Methods
A hybrid approach to thematic analysis was employed, combining deductive and inductive coding to allow for emergent themes directly from the data. Semistructured interviews were conducted with twelve parents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, whose children were identified as overweight or obese. The data were analysed to identify key themes related to parental perceptions and childhood obesity management.

Results
Four themes emerged from the data: (1) perceptions towards childhood obesity; (2) perceived barriers to weight management; (3) perceived benefits to weight management; and (4) perceived motivators to addressing obesity.

Conclusion
Parents in Riyadh often view childhood obesity as a sign of health due to deep-rooted cultural norms. However, as they witness health and social challenges in their children, such as bullying or physical difficulties, their perceptions begin to shift. This study highlights the role of cultural beliefs, lifestyle constraints, and limited institutional support as barriers to managing childhood obesity. Addressing these factors through awareness initiatives and community support could empower parents to more effectively promote healthier behaviours for their children, ultimately contributing to improved health outcomes.