bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microneedle patch based on dissolving, detachable microneedle technology for improved skin quality of the periorbital region. Part 2: Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Zvezdin V. , Kasatkina T. , Kasatkin I. , Gavrilova M. , Kazakova O. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveMicroneedle patches based on dissolving, detachable microneedle technology (Russian patent No. 2652567; US patent EFS No. 32735812; WO/2019/231360) are novel dermatological products that allow safe, painless and effective reduction of epidermal wrinkles after six procedures. The purpose of this study was two‐fold (a) to assess the safety and efficacy of microneedle patches comprising 650 microneedles containing hyaluronic and ferulic acids after 6 procedures of applying the applicator to the skin for 25 min; and (b) to correlate our previously reported ex vivo findings.MethodsThe microneedle applicator contains 650 microneedles, which dissolve in 25 min of exposure. The effectiveness of microneedle applicators was confirmed by a randomized split‐phase study involving 82 subjects. Applications of microneedle patches were performed at intervals of two times per week, and the effectiveness was assessed at 6 weeks after the start of the study.ResultsThe results of the profilometric evaluation of skin smoothness demonstrated a significant reduction in the average roughness index by 65.32 ± 2.99% and in the mean skin waviness by 66.84 ± 1.6% compared with these indicators in the control group (P < 0.05). The therapeutic effect of the procedure was confirmed by an ultrasound examination that registered a 72.2 ± 5.4% and 25 ± 1.4% increase in echo‐density of the epidermis and dermis, respectively. An independent blinded skin evaluation by dermatologists revealed steady decrease in puffiness of the application area in 89.9% of patients, increased elasticity in 78.3% of the patients, and reduced severity of epidermal wrinkles in 89.9% of the patients.ConclusionsThe applicator with 650 soluble microneedles on its surface containing hyaluronic and ferulic acids is considered a safe, effective and convenient way to improve the skin quality in the periorbital region after six procedures. Nevertheless, additional studies of soluble microneedles are required to fully assess the amount and distribution area of the injected hyaluronic acid and other active components, as well as to detail the mechanism of action of soluble microneedles to improve skin quality.
Pleurotusostreatus and Agaricus subrufescens: investigation of chemical composition and antioxidant properties of these mushrooms cultivated with different handmade and commercial supplements
Authors: Sabino Ferrari Anna Beatriz , Azevedo de Oliveira George , Mannochio Russo Helena , de Carvalho Bertozo Luiza , da Silva Bolzani Vanderlan , Cunha Zied Diego , Farias Ximenes Valdecir , Zeraik Maria Luiza 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, the chemical composition, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ORAC and FRAP assays) of A. subrufescens and P. ostreatus, cultivated with handmade and commercials supplements, were compared. Additionally, the compounds ergosterol, saccharopine, and hexitol were identified in A. subrufescens by HPLC‐MS/MS. The antioxidant compound p‐coumaric acid and dihexoses was found in both mushroom species. A. subrufescens presented higher total phenolic content (73.8 ± 0.6 mg GAE 100 g−1) and antioxidant activity than P. ostreatus (16.6 ± 0.5 mg GAE 100 g−1). The handmade supplement based on the waste of noble grains presented statistically similar phenolic content to the mushrooms cultivated with commercial ones Spawn Mate II SE (86.1 ± 1.4 and 92.9 ± 0.3 mg GAE 100 g−1, respectively). Therefore, the results support the use of handmade supplements based on agro‐wastes as a viable alternative to the use of high‐cost commercial ones.
Development of a HPLC method combined with ultraviolet/diode array detection for determination of monosodium glutamate in various food samples
Authors: Soyseven Murat , Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. , Arli Göksel 
Published: June 2020

SummaryAn effective, simple and rapid analytical method using HPLC was developed for the analysis of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in various food samples obtained from local market in Turkey. The determination of MSG was performed by its derivatisation with o‐phthaldialdehyde (OPA). A high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet/diode array detection method was performed by using C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm) column with the mobile phase consisting of 10 mm phosphate buffer solution (pH = 5.90) and methanol (75:25, v/v). The applied method was optimised and the validated. The method was linear from 1 to 50 μg mL−1 of MSG. The correlation coefficient value of the developed method was obtained as R2 = 0.9999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification limits were 0.015 and 0.050 μg mL−1, respectively. MSG contents of the food samples range from 0.09 g kg−1 to 120.80 g kg−1. The validated method was successfully applied for the analysis of MSG in several food samples.
Effects of feed composition, protein denaturation and storage of milk serum protein/lactose powders on lactosylation
Authors: Andersson Ida‐Marie , Bergenståhl Björn , Alexander Marcela , Paulsson Marie , Glantz Maria 
Published: June 2020

SummaryDuring whey powder production, the feed is subjected to several heat treatments which can cause lactosylation of proteins. In this study, lactosylation of whey proteins was evaluated in spray‐dried powders before and after storage by varying the native protein fraction as well as the serum protein/lactose ratio in the powders. The lactosylation of native α‐lactalbumin and β‐lactoglobulin in the powders before storage was not affected to a large extent by the protein denaturation or if the feed had been heat treated in a high or low lactose environment. After storage (relative humidity of 23.5%, 30 °C, 25 days), the kinetic of lactosylation tended to increase with increasing native protein fraction and bulk protein content in the powders. An explanation could be that proteins dissolved in the lactose glassy structure might have a lower reactivity, while proteins present in the protein glassy structure with dissolved lactose may display higher lactosylation reactivity.
Umbilical closure using 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate in transumbilical laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fukumoto Keishiro , Miyajima Akira , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Niwa Naoya , Hongo Hiroshi , Kurihara Isao , Kikuchi Eiji , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate postoperative pain and esthetic outcomes in patients undergoing transumbilical laparoscopic adrenalectomy with wound closure using 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate.MethodsA total of 26 patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy with the transumbilical approach and agreed to participate in this study were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate group (Glue group) or the non‐use group (non‐Glue group). A single surgeon (AM) carried out all procedures between 2014 and 2017.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the clinical background of the Glue and non‐Glue groups. The number of patients with moderate or high levels of pain in the resting/moving period on postoperative days 1, 2 and 3 was 6/10 (46%/77%), 6/9 (46%/69%) and 3/5 (23%/38%) in the non‐Glue group, and 5/7 (38%/54%), 2/7 (15%/54%) and 1/3 (8%/23%) in the Glue group. These differences were not significant. In the subgroup analysis of patients aged <50 years, the numbers were 4/6 (57%/86%), 5/7 (71%/100%) and 3/5 (43%/71%) in the non‐Glue group, and 3/4 (33%/44%), 1/4 (11%/44%) and 0/1 (0%/11%) in the Glue group in the resting/moving period. On postoperative days 2 and 3, these differences were significant (P = 0.035 and 0.037 in the resting period, and P = 0.017 and 0.013 in the moving period).Conclusions2‐octyl cyanoacrylate can be used safely for laparoscopic adrenalectomy with the transumbilical approach, and might be useful for reducing postoperative pain in patients aged <50 years.
Mesurer l'effet des frictions d'appariement sur le chômage
Authors: FARM Ante 
Published: June 2020

RésuméL'auteur montre que les frictions d'appariement pèsent sur l'emploi – entraînant une hausse du chômage – parce qu'elles créent un écart entre demande de main‐d'œuvre et emploi. Expliquant que cet écart peut être mesuré par les emplois non pourvus, à distinguer des emplois à pourvoir, il présente les résultats de l'enquête suédoise sur les emplois vacants, qui estime ces deux indicateurs. Une modification de la fonction d'appariement traduisant des délais de recrutement plus longs est un indice de frictions d'appariement plus grandes, mais il faut, pour le vérifier, mesurer les emplois non pourvus, ce qui permet également d'apprécier leur effet sur le chômage.
Medición del efecto de los problemas de emparejamiento en el desempleo
Authors: FARM Ante 
Published: June 2020

ResumenEl artículo muestra cómo el tiempo necesario para los procesos de contratación puede incidir en el cálculo del desempleo al hacer que el número de asalariados sea inferior al de puestos de trabajo. Esta brecha entre demanda de trabajo y empleo solo puede medirse con precisión incluyendo en las encuestas de vacantes el cálculo tanto de las ofertas de empleo como de los puestos no cubiertos, como se hace en Suecia. Si la función de emparejamiento indica procesos de contratación más largos, ello solo puede interpretarse como aumento de los problemas de emparejamiento si se calculan los empleos no cubiertos, lo que también cuantificará el efecto sobre el desempleo.
Effect of the binary nonoxide additives on the densification behavior and thermal conductivity of Si3N4ceramics
Authors: Wang Weide , Yao Dongxu , Liang Hanqin , Xia Yongfeng , Zuo Kaihui , Yin Jinwei , Zeng Yu‐Ping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBinary nonoxide additives ZrSi2‐MgSiN2were applied to obtain Si3N4ceramics with high thermal conductivity by gas pressure sintering. The shrinkage behaviors during sintering were investigated by in situ dilatometry. Although densification was retarded due to a higher N/O ratio in the liquid phase, the incorporation of oxygen was inhibited because of the lower oxygen content in the liquid phase. The substitution of oxide additives by nonoxide additives eliminated native SiO2and induced a nitrogen‐rich liquid, resulting in purified Si3N4grains, reduced glassy phase, and enhanced Si3N4‐Si3N4contiguity. Ultimately, a thermal conductivity of 117.32 W m−1 K−1was achieved using ZrSi2‐MgSiN2as sintering additives, increased by 32% compared to those doped with ZrO2‐MgO.
Embryonic skull development in the gecko,Tarentola annularis(Squamata: Gekkota: Phyllodactylidae)
Authors: Khannoon Eraqi R. , Evans Susan E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTarentola annularisis a climbing gecko with a wide distribution in Africa north of the equator. In the present paper, we describe the development of the osteocranium of this lizard, from the first appearance of the cranial elements up to the point of hatching. This is based on a combination of histology and cleared and stained specimens. This is the first comprehensive account of gekkotan pre‐hatching skull development based on a comprehensive series of embryos, rather than a few selected stages. Given that Gekkota is now widely regarded as representing the sister group to other squamates, this account helps to fill a significant gap in the literature. Moreover, as many authors have considered features of the gekkotan skull and skeleton to be indicative of paedomorphosis, it is important to know whether this hypothesis is supported by delays in the onset of cranial ossification. In fact, we found the sequence of cranial bone ossification to be broadly comparable to that of other squamates studied to date, with no significant lags in development.
Polycaprolactone‐based dermal filler complications: A retrospective study of 1111 treatments
Authors: Lin Shang‐Li , Christen Marie‐Odile 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAging signs can be corrected through volume restoration in multiple soft tissue layers and in the supraperiosteal plane using hyaluronic acid (HA) or nonhyaluronic acid (non‐HA) fillers. The non‐HA bioresorbable polycaprolactone (PCL)‐based filler with collagen‐stimulating properties has a proven safety profile, but rare potential complications such as nodules and granuloma can occur. Furthermore, PCL‐based fillers cannot be immediately removed by injection of an enzyme. These potential drawbacks have yet to be described in the literature.AimsThe author performed 1111 treatments between 2015 and 2018. This study aims to review and analyze these treatments to ascertain the complication rates of the PCL‐based filler. Suggestions for complication prevention and management are also discussed.Methods780 patients treated with the PCL‐based filler were reviewed by the physician between April 2015 and May 2018. During this period, 5595 syringes were used in 1111 treatments. All complication data were acquired by phone interviews, reports by patients, or observation at follow‐up visits. Complications were subdivided into early‐onset (occurring up to 2 weeks after treatment) and late‐onset events (occurring more than 2 weeks to years after treatment).ResultsAmong the 1111 treatments, there were 50 cases (4.5%) of edema that lasted longer than 2 weeks, 30 cases (2.7%) of bruising, 8 cases (0.72%) of malar edema, 5 cases (0.45%) of temporarily palpable lumps and 2 cases (0.18%) of discoloration. There were no cases of intravascular injection, nodules/granulomas, or infection.ConclusionThe complication rate of the PCL‐based filler was found to be low, and there were no cases of intravascular injection, nodules, and/or granulomas during the 3‐year observation. Longer‐lasting edema was associated with a higher injection volume and malar edema was related to lymphatic compression.
The Employment Effects of Faster Payment: Evidence from the Federal Quickpay Reform
Authors: BARROT JEAN‐NOËL , NANDA RAMANA 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTWe study the impact of Quickpay, a reform that permanently accelerated payments to small business contractors of the U.S. government. We find a strong direct effect of the reform on employment growth at the firm level. However, we document substantial crowding out of nontreated firms' employment within local labor markets. While the overall net employment effect is positive, it is close to zero in tight labor markets. Our results highlight an important channel for alleviating financing constraints in small firms, but emphasize the general‐equilibrium effects of large‐scale interventions, which can lead to lower aggregate outcomes depending on labor market conditions.
Perinatal outcomes of intrauterine transfusion for the surviving twin in monochorionic twin gestation involving a single fetal demise
Authors: Kanda Masako , Noguchi Shohei , Yamamoto Ryo , Kawaguchi Haruna , Hayashi Shusaku , Murakoshi Takeshi , Ishii Keisuke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and outcome of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) for the surviving co‐twin in monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin gestations involving single intrauterine fetal death (sIUFD).MethodsCases of MCDA twin gestations involving emergent IUT for co‐twins experiencing acute feto‐fetal hemorrhage (AFFH) subsequent to sIUFD during the second trimester were reviewed. Fetal anemia was confirmed via fetal blood sampling, and perinatal data were retrieved from medical charts to determine the outcomes of surviving co‐twins. A poor outcome at 28 days of age was defined as fetal death, neonatal death or neurological impairment such as severe intraventricular hemorrhage or cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).ResultsThis study included 16 cases of sIUFD diagnosed at a median of 22.5 weeks of gestation (range: 18–25 weeks). The median interval in hours between diagnosis of fetal demise and IUT was approximately 4.2 (0–22) hours. All cases achieved IUT without significant intraoperative complications. Four cases experienced a fetal loss of the co‐twin, whereas 12 co‐twins were born alive (including 9 preterm births), with only 1 poor outcome in a preterm infant with PVL.ConclusionIUT may be a feasible prenatal intervention for surviving co‐twins with AFFH. However, more extensive or pooled studies are needed to determine the efficacy of this intervention.
Intellectual humility and perceptions of political opponents
Authors: Stanley Matthew L. , Sinclair Alyssa H. , Seli Paul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveIntellectual humility (IH) refers to the recognition that personal beliefs might be wrong. We investigate possible interpersonal implications of IH for how people perceive the intellectual capabilities and moral character of their sociopolitical opponents and for their willingness to associate with those opponents.MethodIn four initial studies (N = 1,926, Mage = 38, 880 females, 1,035 males), we measured IH, intellectual and moral derogation of opponents, and willingness to befriend opponents. In two additional studies (N = 568, Mage = 40, 252 females, 314 males), we presented participants with a specific opponent on certain sociopolitical issues and several social media posts from that opponent in which he expressed his views on the issue. We then measured IH, intellectual, and moral derogation of the opponent, participants' willingness to befriend the opponent, participants' willingness to “friend” the opponent on social media, and participants' willingness to “follow” the opponent on social media.ResultsLow‐IH relative to high‐IH participants were more likely to derogate the intellectual capabilities and moral character of their opponents, less willing to befriend their opponents, and less willing to “friend” and “follow” an opponent on social media.ConclusionsIH may have important interpersonal implications for person perception, and for understanding social extremism and polarization.
Environmental certification programs: How does information provision compare with taxation?
Authors: Podhorsky Andrea 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper develops a monopolistic competition framework to assess whether environmental certification programs can serve as effective substitutes for more traditional policy instruments such as environmental taxation or a minimum quality standard (MQS). I show that if firms can organize themselves and choose the certification standard collectively, then there is a beneficial role for a regulator to intervene. Also, the degree of substitution between differentiated goods that impose environmental damage and a “clean” outside good, the degree of competition in the industry and the extent of environmental damage caused by minimal quality goods are important considerations in the choice between a certification program and a tax or a MQS. While the comparison between a certification program and a tax depends on numerous factors, I find unequivocally that certification is a poor substitute for taxation whenever the outside good is a close substitute for differentiated goods, there is a high degree of competition in the industry or if minimal quality goods impose considerable environmental damage.
Cable force estimation of a long‐span cable‐stayed bridge with microwave interferometric radar
Authors: Zhao Wenju , Zhang Guangwei , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSince cables are the critical structural components for ensuring the overall structural integrity and safety of cable‐stayed bridges, the portable and rapid cable force measurement has a very important practical significance in the bridge health monitoring. In this paper, a method of simultaneous and continuous estimation of the forces of multiple cables using a self‐developed microwave interferometric radar was proposed. In the proposed approach, first, the time‐varying modal frequencies are identified by the Hilbert transform algorithm from the displacements of multiple cables, which are monitored by the self‐developed radar, and then, the time‐varying cable forces are obtained by the vibration method. In addition, for the problem of multiple cables located in the same range bin when distance test or the test angle is nonideal, a single‐channel blind source separation algorithm based on vibrational mode decomposition (VMD) and time‐frequency analysis was proposed to separate the cable signals. Furthermore, a method based on the spectrum correlation coefficients was proposed to determine the number of decomposition layers in VMD. The “Nanjing Eye” cable‐stayed footbridge was used to conduct field measurement to validate the proposed method. Field measurement results show a good agreement with reference measurements, which demonstrate that the proposed method can perform well in an actual project for portable and rapid cable force estimation.
Plectin dysfunction in neurons leads to tau accumulation on microtubules affecting neuritogenesis, organelle trafficking, pain sensitivity and memory
Authors: Valencia R. G. , Mihailovska E. , Winter L. , Bauer K. , Fischer I. , Walko G. , Jorgacevski J. , Potokar M. , Zorec R. , Wiche G. 
Published: June 2020

AimsPlectin, a universally expressed multi‐functional cytolinker protein, is crucial for intermediate filament networking, including crosstalk with actomyosin and microtubules. In addition to its involvement in a number of diseases affecting skin, skeletal muscle, heart, and other stress‐exposed tissues, indications for a neuropathological role of plectin have emerged. Having identified P1c as the major isoform expressed in neural tissues in previous studies, our aim for the present work was to investigate whether, and by which mechanism(s), the targeted deletion of this isoform affects neuritogenesis and proper nerve cell functioning.MethodsFor ex vivo phenotyping, we used dorsal root ganglion and hippocampal neurons derived from isoform P1c‐deficient and plectin‐null mice, complemented by in vitro experiments using purified proteins and cell fractions. To assess the physiological significance of the phenotypic alterations observed in P1c‐deficient neurons, P1c‐deficient and wild‐type littermate mice were subjected to standard behavioural tests.ResultsWe demonstrate that P1c affects axonal microtubule dynamics by isoform‐specific interaction with tubulin. P1c deficiency in neurons leads to altered dynamics of microtubules and excessive association with tau protein, affecting neuritogenesis, neurite branching, growth cone morphology, and translocation and directionality of movement of vesicles and mitochondria. On the organismal level, we found P1c deficiency manifesting as impaired pain sensitivity, diminished learning capabilities and reduced long‐term memory of mice.ConclusionsRevealing a regulatory role of plectin scaffolds in microtubule‐dependent nerve cell functions, our results have potential implications for cytoskeleton‐related neuropathies.