bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<b>Gaia Again</b> // De nuevo Gaia
Authors: Crosby Sarah L. 
Published: April 2020

Book review of Toby Tyrrell's On Gaia: A Critical Investigation of the Relationship between Life and Earth and of Michael Ruse's The Gaia Hypothesis: Science on a Pagan Planet. Resumen Reseña de On Gaia: A Critical Investigation of the Relationship between Life and Earth de Tyrrell y de The Gaia Hypothesis: Science on a Pagan Planet de Michael Ruse.
<b>Reseña de <i>Arte y Ecología</i></b> // Book Review of review of <i>Arte y Ecología</i>
Authors: Prádanos Luis I 
Published: April 2020

Book review of Tonia Raquejo and José María Parreño's Arte y Ecología. Resumen Reseña de Arte y Ecología de Tonia Raquejo y José María Parreño.
<b>From Green to Brown Landscapes—and Back Again: Urban Agriculture, Ecology and Hae-jun Lee’s <i>Cast Away on the Moon</i></b> // De paisajes verdes a marrones—y de vuelta: Agricultura urbana, ecología y <i>Cast Away on the Moon</i> de Hae-jun Lee
Authors: Schliephake Christopher Martin 
Published: April 2020

My essay looks at contemporary developments in urbanism that re-negotiate the place of nature in our cities. Looking at the example of bottom-up and top-down models of urban agriculture, two alternative approaches to urban systems will be presented which try to re-embed them in the natural-material cycles of life. Firstly, the changes that have occurred in our urban landscapes (and our cultural images of them) since the age of Industrialization will be discussed to uncover the socio-historical dimension of the subject. The second part will analyze the cultural urban ecology invoked in South Korean director Hae-jun Lee’s film Cast Away on the Moon (2009). As I want to show, the film imaginatively deals with these issues and invites a re-consideration of our urban lifestyles before the background of the question what place nature has in our cities and in how far working with the soil can lead to regeneration.Resumen Mi ensayo contempla los desarrollos contemporáneos en urbanismo que renegocian el lugar de la naturaleza en nuestras ciudades. Observando el ejemplo de los modelos ascendentes y descendentes de la agricultura urbana, se presentan dos enfoques alternativos a los sistemas urbanos que tratan de incorporarlos en los ciclos de vida naturales-materiales. En primer lugar, se debaten los cambios que han ocurrido en nuestro paisajes urbanos (y nuestras imágenes culturales de estos) desde la época de la industrialización, para descubrir la dimensión socio-histórica del asunto. La segunda parte analiza la ecología urbana cultural invocada en la película del director surcoreano Hae-jun Lee Cast Away on the Moon (2009). Tal y como muestro, la película trata estos temas de forma imaginativa e invita a reconsiderar nuestros estilos de vida urbanos ante el trasfondo de la pregunta de qué lugar ocupa la naturaleza en nuestra ciudades y en cuánto puede llevar a la regeneración trabajar con el suelo.
<b>El espíritu de Namsetoura y colonialidad de la naturaleza en Kamau Brathwaite</b> // The Spirit of Namsetoura and Coloniality of Nature in Kamau Brathwaite
Authors: Vergara Nora 
Published: April 2020

Resumen Las concepciones y prácticas culturales de la naturaleza que se observan en la representación del entorno geográfico y social del Caribe en la obra poética de Kamau Brathwaite (Barbados, 1930-) configuran un modelo local de naturaleza que responde a la pretensión de imponer un modelo único de modernidad promovido por la globalización contemporánea. En sus poemas, el lugar se configura mediante la oralidad de herencia africana que caracteriza las lenguas caribeñas, que depende de una fuerte conciencia espacial y le permite plasmar la presencia de las huellas culturales africanas en el territorio. En este artículo, proponemos ahondar en la importancia que la perspectiva ecológica cobra en su obra a la hora de construir la diferencia, destacando la manera en la que esa perspectiva medioambiental pone de manifiesto el valor político y epistemológico de Barbados, entendido como unas prácticas y relaciones implicadas en la producción de un complejo entramado global-local que opera en el sistema mundializado de poder. Para ello, abordaremos la perspectiva ecológica en la construcción de la isla caribeña que realiza en la segunda etapa de su obra desde los presupuestos planteados por el programa decolonial del grupo de Modernidad/Colonialidad, apoyándonos en las nociones de diferencia colonial y colonialidad de la naturaleza. Abstract Kamau Brathwaite’s (Barbados, 1930-) depiction of the Caribbean geographical and social environment encompasses conceptions and cultural practices of nature that shape a local model of nature as a way to respond to the imposition by contemporary globalization of a single model of modernity. In his poems, place is reconfigured through the African-derived orality that characterizes Caribbean languages, which is dependent upon a spatial awareness, allowing him to capture the presence of the African cultural traces in the region. This article addresses the relevance the ecological perspective has in constructing difference in his work and the ways in which the environmental perspective highlights the political and epistemological value of Barbados, which is conceived as a set of practices and relations involved in the production of a complex global/local pattern operating in the world system of power. In order to do so, we will explore the ecological perspective in his depiction of the Caribbean island in the second stage of his work within the framework of the decolonial project promoted by the Modernity/Coloniality group of scholars, relying on the notions of colonial difference and coloniality of nature.
<b>Desierto - Piedra</b> // Desert - Stone
Authors: Galindo Regina José 
Published: April 2020

ResumenDesierto La obra Desierto, fue especialmente creada para el contexto chileno: habla de las formas de opresión, abuso, racismo y colonialismo que se ocultan tras la exitosa industria de la explotación del pino, que ha invadido el territorio mapuche, generando además graves daños al ecosistema. El problema de la tierra y de los pueblos indígenas que han sido violentados y saqueados por las familias pudientes y el Estado, no es un problema ajeno a Guatemala. Durante la guerra en mi país, la estrategia de la tierra arrasada fue una constante. Miles de indígenas mayas fueron atrincherados en sus comunidades, los asesinaron y les expropiaron las tierras, que hoy son negocio de familias oligarcas, del Estado o de extranjeros. En Guatemala no hay pino pero hay otra forma de aniquilar la tierra. En Guatemala se da la palma africana que ha venido creciendo de manera desorbitante y ha causado estragos. Recientemente la fábrica Repsa (que elabora aceite de palma marca Olmeca) contaminó los ríos. En sus aguas miles de peces y demás han muerto en un ecocidio sin precedente.Piedra Mi cuerpo permanece inmóvil, cubierto de carbón, como piedra. Dos voluntarios y alguien del público orina sobre el cuerpo piedra.Fotos: Julio Pantoja, Marlene Ramírez-Cancio. AbstractDesert “Desierto” was created especially for the Chilean context: it speaks to the forms of oppression, abuse, racism, and colonialism that hide behind the success of the forestry industry, dedicated to the exploitation of pine trees, that has invaded indigenous Mapuche-Huilliche lands, causing grave damage to the ecosystem. The problem of indigenous communities being subjected to violence and their lands being pillaged by wealthy families and the State is not foreign to Guatemala. During the war in my country, the scorched earth strategy was a constant. Thousands of indigenous Mayan people were beseiged in their communities and murdered, while their lands were expropriated, becoming the source of profit for local oligarchies, the State, and foreign corporations. In Guatemala, there are no pines, but there are other forms of annihilating the land, among them the rapid proliferation of highly destructive palm-oil plantations. Recently, the Repsa factory, which makes Olmeca brand palm oil, has been polluting Guatemala’s rivers, killing thousands of fish in an unprecedented ecocide.Piedra My body remains immobile, covered with charcoal, like a stone. Two volunteers and a member of the audience urinate on the stone body.Photos: Julio Pantoja, Marlene Ramírez-Cancio.(English transl. by Mark Anderson)
Определение требуемой толщины вспучивающегося огнезащитного покрытия на стальных конструкциях для заданных пределов огнестойкости
Authors: Shebeko Yury , Shebeko Aleksey , Zuban Andrey 
Published: April 2020

Проанализирована взаимосвязь разброса значений пределов огнестойкости стальных конструкций со вспучивающимися огнезащитными покрытиями и соответствующего этому разбросу интервала толщины огнезащитного покрытия. Предложена методика, на основании которой может быть осуществлен выбор необходимой толщины огнезащитного покрытия в зависимости от заданных значений дисперсии предела огнестойкости и приведенной толщины конструкции при заданной доверительной вероятности.An analysis of a relationship between fire resistance limits scatter for steel structures coated with intumescent fire retardant coating and an appropriate interval of thicknesses of the coating was carried out. A methodology for the determination of this relationship was proposed. This methodology was tested on a practical example. A steel structure with a reduced thickness of 6 mm was considered. A typical dependence of the required thickness of the structure was taken into account. A ratio of a mean square deviation of the fire resistance limit to this limit was accepted to be equal 0.1. Using these values an appropriated interval of the thicknesses of the intumescent fire retardant coating was determined. This interval can be calculated for any given confidence level. Boundaries of this interval can be not symmetric in relation to the value of the normative thickness of the fire retardant coating. The proposed methodology can be used for the determination of the required thicknesses of the intumescent fire retardant coatings on steel structures for the given r value, reduced thickness of the structure and the confidence level.
Экспресс-оценка пространственных и временных возможностей вертолетов при выполнении задач пожаротушения и аварийно-спасательных работ
Authors: Novikov Andrey , Osipov Yury , Yershov Vladimir , Panfilova Elena 
Published: April 2020

В статье рассмотрен графоаналитический метод, позволяющий оперативно осуществлять оценку пространственных и временных возможностей вертолетов при выполнении задач авиационного пожаротушения и аварийно-спасательных работ, связанных с доставкой сил и средств противодействия чрезвычайным ситуациям. Актуальность материалов статьи обусловлена следующим: выполнение большого объема расчетов по нескольким вариантам действий требует значительных затрат времени при использовании традиционных методов, изложенных в Руководствах по летной эксплуатации вертолетов. По мнению авторов, представленный в статье графоаналитический метод экспресс-оценки успешно применяется в частях и подразделениях военной авиации и позволяет проводить расчеты оперативно.The article describes the grapho-analytical method for quick assessment of spatial and temporal capabilities of helicopters when solving tasks of aviation fire fighting as well as rescue and emergency operations. The relevance of the article is caused by the following: performing a large amount of calculations for several action options requires significant time when using traditional methods from the helicopter flight Manuals. The presented in the article grapho-analytical method of express-evaluation is successfully used by military aviation units and allows performing calculations quickly. When solving problems related to the delivery of forces and means of emergency response, helicopter crews have to fly again to places for loading additional equipment or replenishment of the onboard water supply (fire-extinguishing composition). In such situation it is extremely important for crews to be aware of the possible number of flights to the wrecking area without refuelling. For assessment of helicopter capabilities it is not always possible and operational to use traditional methods of engineering and navigation calculation. One of the easiest ways to solve such problems, which do not require a lot of time, is a graphical method using a set of integral range lines. In the article the set of lines is presented in the form of nomogram to make the task solving process easier. The nomogram is constructed based on the information from the helicopter flight Manual concerning the hourly and kilometre fuel consumption. There are given algorithms for operative task solution with use of this nomogram. The use of nomograms while decision-making for emergency and rescue tasks performance provides an operational assessment of helicopter capabilities to reach objects of impact without computationally intensive traditional engineering and navigation calculations.
Paracetamol im Alter
Authors: Marty Natalie 
Published: April 2020

Mehrere Studien lassen darauf schliessen, dass die Paracetamol-Clearance mit zunehmendem Alter abnimmt, ältere Patientinnen und Patienten also höheren Plasmaspiegeln ausgesetzt sind. Dies trifft offenbar besonders bei eher untergewichtigen und gebrechlichen Personen zu.
Hepatitis B; Acquaintance and Prevention in Beauty Therapists, Peshawar
Authors: Rasool Shaista , Gillani Syed Imran , Afridi Saira 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the knowledge and practices of beauty therapists regarding hepatitis B virus.
METHODOLOGY:
A cross-sectional study conducted on beauty therapists of Peshawar. It was an interview-based questionnaire. Beauty therapists were investigated about hepatitis B transmission, vaccination, sterilization, use of gloves, and sterile equipment. Data was collected from most of the beauty salons of Peshawar. Data was analysed using SPSS 17.
RESULTS:
Around 90.6% therapists reported that they have knowledge about hepatitis B transmission by reuse of pointers (needles), 56.1% identified that vaccine can prevent hepatitis B, 98.7% beauty therapists that were interviewed reported exposure to blood during their work. 14.3% reported using gloves and 19.4% reported using only aprons. 20.4% of beauty therapists claimed sterilizing their instruments between clients, 51.4% reused needles whereas 88% reused orange sticks.
CONCLUSION:
Alertness about hepatitis and risks of transmission among beauty therapists is minimum, and their repetition of needles and inappropriate cleaning of tools is one of the reasons to spread hepatitis, which is widespread.
KEYWORDS: Beauty Therapists, Hepatitis B, Transmission, Piercing, Barbers, Beauty Industry, Tattooist
Iron Line Tomography of General Relativistic Hydrodynamic Accretion around Kerr Black Holes
Authors: Porter Kaitlyn , Fukumura Keigo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We consider a temporal response of relativistically broadened line spectrum of iron from black hole accretion irradiated by an X-ray echo under strong gravity. The physical condition of accreting gas is numerically calculated in the context of general relativistic hydrodynamics under steady-state axisymmetry in Kerr geometry. With the onset of a point-like X-ray flare of a short finite duration just above the accretion surface, the gas is assumed to be ionized to produce a neutral iron fluorescent line. Using a fully relativistic ray-tracing approach, the response of line photons due to the X-ray illumination is traced as a function of time and energy for different source configurations around Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes. Our calculations show that the X-ray echo on the accretion surface clearly imprints a characteristic time-variability in the line spectral features depending on those parameters. Simulated line profiles, aimed for the future microcalorimeter missions of large collecting area such as Athena/X-IFU for typical radio-quiet Seyfert galaxies, are presented to demonstrate that state-of-the-art new observations could differentiate various source parameters by such an X-ray tomographic line reverberation.
X-Ray Scaling Relations for a Representative Sample of Planck-selected Clusters Observed with XMM-Newton
Authors: Lovisari Lorenzo , Schellenberger Gerrit , Sereno Mauro , Ettori Stefano , Pratt Gabriel W. , Forman William R. , Jones Christine , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Randall Scott , Kraft Ralph 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We report the scaling relations derived by fitting the X-ray parameters determined from analyzing the XMM-Newton observations of 120 galaxy clusters in the Planck Early Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) sample spanning the redshift range of 0.059 < z < 0.546. We find that the slopes of all the investigated scaling relations significantly deviate from the self-similar predictions, if self-similar redshift evolution is assumed. When the redshift evolution is left free to vary, the derived slopes are more in agreement with the self-similar predictions. Relaxed clusters have on average ∼30% higher X-ray luminosity than disturbed clusters at a given mass, a difference that, depending on the relative fraction of relaxed and disturbed clusters in the samples (e.g., SZ vs. X-ray selected), has a strong impact on the normalization obtained in different studies. Using the core-excised cluster luminosities reduces the scatter and brings into better agreement the L–M
tot and L–T relations determined for different samples. M
tot–T, M
tot–Y
X, and M
tot–M
gas relations show little dependence on the dynamical state of the clusters, but the normalizations of these relations may depend on the mass range investigated. Although most of the clusters investigated in this work reside at relatively low redshift, the fits prefer values of γ, the parameter accounting for the redshift evolution, different from the self-similar predictions. This suggests an evolution (<2σ level, with the exception of the M
tot–T relation) of the scaling relations. For the first time, we find significant evolution (>3σ) of the M
tot–T relation, pointing to an increase of the kinetic-to-thermal energy ratio with redshift. This is consistent with a scenario in which higher-redshift clusters are on average more disturbed than their lower-redshift counterparts.
Spatial Distribution of Electromagnetic Waves near the Proton Cyclotron Frequency in ICME Sheath Regions Associated with Quasi-perpendicular Shocks: Wind Observations
Authors: Li Q. H. , Yang L. , Xiang L. , Wu D. J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Electromagnetic waves (EMWs) near the proton cyclotron frequency f
cp are transverse left-handed (LH) or right-handed (RH) polarized waves, and are ubiquitous in the solar wind. However, the characteristics of these waves in the sheath regions of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are poorly understood. Through a comprehensive survey of Wind magnetic field and plasma data using dynamic spectra and repeated filtering analyses, 700 EMW events (7.1% of the analysis time) are identified in the 62 ICME sheath regions associated with quasi-perpendicular shocks involved with a low shock Mach number M
f and low upstream β
1. In the ICME sheath regions, outward (inward)-propagating LH (RH) EMWs have relatively higher counts and longer duration than inward (outward)-propagating LH (RH) EMWs in the plasma frame, consistent with previous STEREO observations. The spatial distributions of the magnetic field, plasma, and frequency parameters of EMWs are also presented in both spacecraft and plasma frames, especially the proton (alpha) temperature anisotropy

, α abundance N

α
/N
p, and normalized differential alpha-proton speed V
d/V
A. After removing the Doppler shift, 81.1% (59%) of all outward (inward)-propagating LH EMWs have a frequency below (above) 0.5f
cp, while 68.3% (64%) of all outward (inward)-propagating RH EMWs have a frequency smaller (greater) than 0.5f
cp. Further investigations of local plasma parameters reveal that different excitation mechanisms for EMWs are in different subregions of the ICME sheath regions. These results are helpful in understanding the important role of EMWs in the solar wind–ICME coupling process with different sheath regions.
Submillimeter and Far-infrared Spectroscopy of Monodeuterated Amidogen Radical (NHD): Improved Rest Frequencies for Astrophysical Observations
Authors: Bizzocchi Luca , Melosso Mattia , Giuliano Barbara Michela , Dore Luca , Tamassia Filippo , Martin-Drumel Marie-Aline , Pirali Olivier , Margulès Laurent , Caselli Paola 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Observations of ammonia in interstellar environments have revealed high levels of deuteration, and all its D-containing variants, including ND3, have been detected in cold prestellar cores and around young protostars. The observation of these deuterated isotopologues is very useful for elucidating the chemical and physical processes taking place during the very early stages of star formation, as the abundance of deuterated molecules is highly enhanced in dense and cold gas. Nitrogen hydride radicals are key species lying at the very beginning of the reaction pathway leading to the formation of NH3 and organic molecules of prebiotic interest, but relatively little is known about their D-bearing isotopologues. To date, only ND has been detected in interstellar gas. To aid the identification of further deuterated nitrogen radicals, we have thoroughly reinvestigated the rotational spectrum of NHD by employing two different instruments: a frequency-modulation submillimeter spectrometer operating in the THz region and a synchrotron-based Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer operating in the 50–240 cm−1 frequency range. NHD was produced in a plasma of NH3 and D2. A wide range of rotational energy levels have been probed thanks to the observation of high-N (up to 15) and high-K

a
(up to 9) transitions. A global analysis including our new data and data from the literature has provided a comprehensive set of very accurate spectroscopic parameters. A highly reliable line catalog has been generated to assist archival data searches and future astronomical observations of NHD at submillimeter and THz regimes.