bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct immunoreactions after microwave ablation of primary tumor with different heating parameters in VX2 tumor model
Authors: Xu Jin , Wang Hui , Qian Mengjia , Chen Hao , Ma Ge , Yu Muxin , Pan Hong , Xie Hui , Zhao Yi , Ling Lijun , Wang Shui , Zhou Wenbin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Thermal ablations of solid tumors in situ can activate the immune system and produce a specific immune response against tumor. Microwave ablation (MWA) with different parameters can ablate tumors with similar sizes and cause different local inflammatory effects. Our aim was to determine whether MWA of primary tumor in different energy modes can induce different immunological effects. Methods: Seventy rabbits with VX2 tumors implanted subcutaneously underneath the right second nipple were treated with high-power MWA (40W×1 minute), low-power MWA (20W×2 minutes), surgical resection, or left without treatment as control. Survival time was evaluated by log-rank test. On day 14 after ablation, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the T-cell immune responses. Besides, the cytokine patterns were also identified from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Tumor eradication was achieved completely in MWA groups as proven by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diapforase (NADH-diaphorase) staining. The rabbits in the control group showed significantly more pulmonary metastases and poorer survival than the three treatment groups; however, no significant difference was observed among three treatment groups. MWA groups induced more intratumoral and systemic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells than the control group. MWA caused more systemic CD4+ T cells than operation. High-power MWA induced more intratumoral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and systemic CD4+ T cells than low-power MWA. MWA induced increased levels of IL-2, IL-12 and decreased levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 compared with control group. Importantly, a significant higher level of serum IL-12 was found in high-power MWA than that in low-power MWA group. Conclusions: High-power MWA induced enhanced Th1-type immune response in comparison to low-power MWA. High-power MWA may be selected for the treatment of solid tumors, although future studies are still needed to confirm our results.
WITHDRAWN: Exploratory Study of [18F]fluciclovine PET/CT for Response Assessment to Docetaxel in Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Akintayo Akinyemi A , Bilen Mehmet A , Abiodun-Ojo Olayinka A , Kucuk Omer , Carthon Bradley , Chen Zhengjia , Jani Ashesh B , Parent Ephraim E , Schuster David M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The ability to accurately monitor response to treatment in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) on chemotherapy has been a challenge. Conventional methods of therapy response assessment have limitations and molecular imaging has been explored as an important alternative. We set out t o determine if anti-1-amino-3-anti-1-amino-3-[18F]-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid ([18F]fluciclovine) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) changes reflect response to docetaxel chemotherapy in mCRPC. Results Seven patients with mCRPC were enrolled. Each patient was scheduled to have [18F]fluciclovine PET/CT at baseline, and after 1 and 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Uptake parameters were recorded in the prostate/bed and up to 10 metastatic lesions. Decrease in uptake of ≥30% was considered response (R); appearance of new lesions or >30% increase in uptake was progressive disease (PD); and change of < 30% uptake was stable disease (SD). Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was obtained at baseline and before each cycle. Bone scintigraphy and CT were acquired at baseline and after the 6th cycle. Assessment of response was based on Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial Working Group 3 recommendations. Correlation between [18F]fluciclovine uptake and time to PSA progression was also determined. All patients completed the 1 st and 2 nd [18F]fluciclovine PET/CT, while 4/7 patients completed all 3 scans. PET response correlated with PSA response in 3/7 (42.9%) patients and 3/4 (75%) patients after 1 and 6 cycles of docetaxel, respectively. Bone scan and CT correlated with PSA response in 1/4 (25%) patients. Mean SUVmax and SUVmean were significantly higher in patients with progressive disease versus non-progressive disease after 6 cycles of docetaxel (p<0.05), but not at baseline or after 1 cycle of docetaxel. There was non-significant correlation of changes in [18F]fluciclovine uptake with changes in PSA after 1 and 6 cycles of docetaxel. There was no significant correlation between PET parameters and time to PSA progression. Conclusion [18F]fluciclovine PET/CT has better correlation than CT or bone scan with PSA response for patients with mCRPC treated with docetaxel. [18F]fluciclovine PET/CT did not predict time to PSA progression. Larger studies exploring the utility of [18F]fluciclovine PET for response assessment are recommended.
Acute bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis as an extra-hepatic manifestation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection: A case report
Authors: Azimi Ali , Shirvani Mohammad , Hosseini Shahla , Bazojoo Vahid , Masihpour Nasrin , mohaghegh sahar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Infections are the most important and vision-threatening causes of anterior uveitis which should be rule out by history taking and detailed physical examination combined with guided work up. We report a rare case of bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis following hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in an immunocompetent patient. A 35-year-old male presented to our center with chief complaints of pain and redness of both eyes from 3 days prior to presentation. The patient’s medical and drug history were unremarkable. He had history of river water consumption 20 days prior to presentation. Acute bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis was diagnosed and all routine work up for finding the etiology of the disease was unremarkable except for the serology for acute HAV infection which was positive. The patient was managed with the topical steroid and cycloplegic for two weeks without recurrence in one-year follow up. Extra-hepatic complications of HAV were reported in previous studies include arthritis, urticaria, myocarditis, nephritis, and myositis. The mechanism of extra-hepatic complication of hepatitis A is unknown, however immune-complex deposition is most likely etiological cause. Our report represents a rare condition of sudden onset with limited duration anterior granulomatous uveitis as a presented manifestation of HAV infection. Previous studies do not provide a direct evidence of granulomatous uveitis associated with the HAV infection.
Propofol inhibits inflammatory response by regulating the miR-494/ Nrdp1 pathway in ICH mice model
Authors: Liu Shudong , Li Wenyan , Shi Hui , Tang Ge , Zhang Jiangwei , Yang Zhao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Propofol is an anesthetic agent with neuro-protective effect in neuronal injury. However, the mechanism of propofol in M1 macrophage polarization following ICH has not been well studied. Ubiquitination mediated M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays important roles in pathogenesis of immune disease. The experiment analyzed anti-inflammatory effects of propofol in macrophages following ICH. Methods: In the experiment, macrophages were administrated with erythrocyte lysates, and then miR-494, Nrdp1 and M1 related markers were analyzed. In addition, brain inflammatory response, brain edema, and neurological functions of ICH mice were also assessed. Results: We found that propofol decreased miR-494 levels while increased Nrdp1 levels in macrophages after ICH. We also demonstrated that miR-494 inhibited Nrdp1 expression by directly binding its 3′-untranslated region. MiR-494 attenuated Nrdp1 levels and downstream proinflammatory factors production. Upregulation of Nrdp1 in macrophages significantly decreased M1 macrophage polarization. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that propofol can attenuate the neuroinflammatory response of macrophages after ICH through regulation of the miR-494/Nrdp1 pathway.
Mobile cancer preventive and early detection clinic in Uganda: Working with local communities as partners towards bridging the cancer health disparity
Authors: Jatho Alfred , Mugisha Noleb Mugume , Kafeero James , Holoya George , Okuku Fred , Niyonzima Nixon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background As high-income countries experience over-diagnosis of cancer diseases, the low-income countries are characterized by under-diagnosis or no diagnosis of even the most prevalent cancers. The Comprehensive Community Cancer Program (CCCP) is a community health unit of the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) that coordinates and implements primary prevention of cancer and early detection in Uganda. CCCP provides cancer information and screening services at UCI, in rural communities through mobile outreaches, mass media cancer awareness and training health workers on cancer prevention and early detection. We explored the feasibility and benefit of conducting outreaches in partnership with local communities.Methods We analyzed the quarterly UCI-CCCP cancer health education and screening output report data form July 2016 to June 2019 to compare UCI-hospital-based and community outreach cancer awareness and screening services.Results From July 2016 to June 2019, we worked with 107 local partners and conducted 151 outreaches. Out of the total number of people who attended cancer health education sessions, 77.9% were reached through outreaches. Ninety-two (95%) cancer awareness TVs and radio talk-shows conducted were sponsored by local partners. Out of the total people screened; 63.0% cervical, 64.4% breast and 38.7% prostate screening clients were screened through outreaches. The screen-positive rates were higher in hospital-based screening except for Prostate screening; cervical, 8.8%, breast, 8.4% prostate, 7.1 than in outreaches; cervical, 3.2%, breast, 2.2%, prostate, 8.2%). Out of the screened positive clients who were eligible for pre-cancer treatment like cryotherapy for treatment of pre-cervical cancer lesions, thousands-folds monetary value and productive life saved relative to the market cost of cancer treatment and survival rate in Uganda. When the total number of clients screened for cervical, breast and prostate cancer are subjected to the incremental cost of specific screening, a greater portion (98.7%) of the outreach cost was absorbed through community partnership.Conclusions Outreaching and working in collaboration with communities as partners help in cost-sharing and leverage for scarce resources to promote primary prevention and early detection of cancer. This contributes to bridging cancer health disparity in the population.
Agricultural Pesticides used by small-scale farmers in Kenya: What are the experiences of the farmers?
Authors: Soko Jacob Jeketule 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Several crops are grown in Kenya for commercial and subsistence purposes. However, pests have become a major threat to farming. To address this, farmers use different kinds of pesticides. While it is a fact that pesticides are heavily used, there is scanty literature on the nature and types of pesticides used by small scale farmers in Kenya. Further, the extent to which the integrated pest management plan is used is not known. Therefore, this survey sought to explore major crops grown in Kenya, pests affecting them, nature of agricultural pesticides used, and finally, the effectiveness of the agricultural pest control methods used by small scale farmers.Methods: This was a descriptive study. 95 respondents from different counties in Kenya participated in this study. A self-administered questionnaire which comprised of open-ended and close-ended questions were used in data collection.Findings: The studies revealed that farmers practiced subsistence farming. Major pests affecting crops were insects and rodents. Pests majorly affected crops while they were on the farm. Most of the agricultural pesticides used by the respondents were insecticides and rodenticides. The study established that artificial pesticides are more effective and most preferred than home-made pesticides.Recommendations: The study recommends the adoption of integrated pest management, organic farming, and communal approaches to pest control. It further recommends training on best practices of agriculture.
D-dimer as a biomarker for disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a case control study
Authors: Yao Yumeng , Cao Jiatian , Wang Qingqing , Liu Kai , Luo Zhe , Yu Kaihuan , Chen Xiang , Hu Bijie , Huang Zheyong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Over 240000 cases of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has been reported since Dec. 2019. We aim to assess the use of D-dimer as a biomarker for disease severity and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of 248 consecutive cases of COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China from Jan 28 to Mar 08, 2020. Correlations of D-dimer upon admission with clinical staging, radiological staging, and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristics curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff level for D-dimer that discriminated those survivors versus non-survivors during hospitalization. Results: D-dimer elevation (≥0.50mg/L) was seen in 74.6% (185/248) of the patients. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis were ruled out in patients with high probability of thrombosis. D-dimer levels significantly increased with increasing severity of COVID-19 as determined by clinical staging (Kendall's tau_b = 0.374, P=0.000) and chest CT staging (Kendall's tau_b = 0.378, P=0.000). In-hospital mortality rate was 6.9%. Median D-dimer level in non-survivors (n=17) was significantly higher than in survivors (n=231) [6.21 (3.79-16.01) mg/L versus 1.02 (0.47-2.66) mg/L, P=0.000]. D-dimer level of >2.14 mg/L predicted in-hospital mortality with a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 71.3% (AUC 0.85; 95% CI=0.77-0.92).Conclusions: D-dimer is commonly elevated in patients with COVID-19. D-dimer levels correlate with disease severity and is a reliable prognostic marker for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19.
Clinical course and features of critical patients with COVID-19: a single-center, retrospective study from Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital
Authors: He Huisi , Jin Zhichao , Ren Yibin , Wang Junxue , Wen Wen , Miao Yushan , Qi Xuewei , Shang Taiyu , Zhang Chenxu , Wang Hongyang , Li Weiqin , Zhang Xijing , Tang Hao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims: The coronavirus pandemic has become a growing public health concern worldwide, and there are insufficient epidemiological data on critical illness. We sought to investigate the clinical course and features of critical patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).Method: The data on 94 critical patients from 8th February through 16th March 2020, including demographic and clinical information, were obtained from the intensive care unit (ICU) of Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital. A cross-sectional survey and comparisons of key biomarkers between survivors and nonsurvivors were performed.Results: Over the study period, 42 nonsurvivors and 52 survivors were included. The overall case fatality rate for critical patients with COVID-19 was approximately 45%. The average age was 69.17±9.55 years, and the majority had underlying health problems such as hypertension (56[60%]) and diabetes (18[19%]). The median length of ICU stay was 8 days (IQR 4, 13). Compared with survivors, nonsurvivors were more likely to develop sepsis (42[100%] vs. 34[65%]), acute respiratory distress syndrome (40[95%] vs. 28[54%]) and organ dysfunction. In addition, the dynamic changes in some biomarkers were significantly different between the two groups. The trajectories of temperature revealed that the group with a high temperature on admission that steadily declined had the highest percentage of deaths (93.33%).Conclusion: Patients aged 60 years or older with many concomitant diseases were at highest risk, and the fatality rate started to increase with age. Lymphocyte, platelet, C-reactive protein and hypersensitivity troponin I were revealed to have potential as prognostic factors, whereas some other biomarkers, such as hepatic enzymes, may not offer additional information. Moreover, patients with high temperatures on admission should receive extra care.
Oxidation of salicylic acid in water by the O3 and UV/O3 processes: removal and reaction byproducts
Authors: Jing Chang , Shaopo Wang , Yaxue Zhang , Yibo Wang , Wenjuan Zhang , Jinfeng Lu , Zhe Wang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this study, the removal of salicylic acid (SA) in water by ozone (O3) and ultraviolet/ozone (UV/O3) processes was investigated. Results showed that more than 50% of SA (10 mg/L) could be effectively removed after 1 min during these two processes. However, the UV/O3 process was much more effective than the O3 process for SA mineralization, and the total organic carbon reduction after 30 min was 69.5% and 28.1%, respectively. In the two processes, the optimum pH value for SA removal was 4.3, while that for SA mineralization was 10.0. Both bicarbonate and dissolved organic carbon significantly inhibited SA removal during the two processes. Eleven oxidation byproducts were detected in O3 process, but only four byproducts were observed in UV/O3 process. Three hydroxylation aromatic products were identified as the initial byproducts during SA degradation. Glyoxylic acid monohydrate, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid were accumulated in O3 process but not observed in UV/O3 process. Oxalic acid was the only detected small molecular byproduct in UV/O3 process, and it could be further mineralized, thereby indicating that UV/O3 had a greater potential for degrading both SA and its reaction byproducts.
Educação de surdos numa perspectiva do Feminismo Negro
Authors: Lopes Benevides Silvia Lúcia , Macedo Yuri , Adlay de Arruda Costa Daniela 
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo objetiva investigar como o tema gênero tem sido tratado nas pesquisas voltadas para a Educação de surdos. Realizou-se, para tanto, levantamento bibliográfico, na Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO e Google Scholar, de textos publicados entre 2008 e 2018, tendo por descritores de busca as palavras: “surdos”, “surdez”, “surda”, “gênero”, “sexualidade” e “sexo”. Ficou demonstrado que as pesquisas na área da surdez tendem a considerar apenas os aspectos linguísticos do surdo. Mesmo quando se discute identidade surda, temas como etnia/raça, gênero, sexualidade e classe social são deixados em segundo plano ou sequer são mencionados. A população surda ainda está caminhando no sentido de ser reconhecida e de ter sua língua respeitada; provavelmente por isso, essas temáticas no âmbito das pesquisas educacionais tenham se revelado ainda pouco discutidas. É preciso considerar, entretanto, que a comunidade surda não é homogênea: existem interseccionalidades que podem incidir sobre a vida das pessoas que fazem parte dessa população. A discriminação sofrida por ser um sujeito surdo é agravada se somada ao racismo, machismo e a LGBTfobia. Tornam-se necessários estudos da sobreposição surdez-etnia/raça - gênero e sexualidade no rol de interesses dos(as) pesquisadores(as) em Educação Especial e Inclusão para ressignificar concepções e práticas voltadas para a população surda que por muito tempo foi espoliada e cerceada de seus direitos.
Ser mulher Karipuna e outras subjetividades em contexto de deslocamento entre a aldeia em Oiapoque e o espaço urbano belenense
Authors: Primo dos Santos Soares Ana Manoela 
Published: April 2020

Este artigo trata sobre a questão dos primeiros indígenas Karipuna do Amapá a saírem das aldeias com vistas a se inserirem nos ensinos secundário e de nível superior terem sido mulheres, filhas de uma liderança indígena local. Construindo-se a partir disso uma reflexão sobre as formas de protagonismo da mulher Karipuna, sobre o deslocamento para o espaço urbano, sobre o que é o território e por qual motivo, atualmente, nós indígenas, sentimos a necessidade de nos inserir em uma educação institucional, que em muito se difere da educação indígena. Ressaltando-se que a metodologia é embasada na auto antropologia e na auto tnografia, visto que a autora é mulher indígena do povo Karipuna e vivencia junto as suas parentes os processos apresentados.
Palavras-chaves: Karipuna do Amapá; mulheres indígenas; etnologia indígena; território indígena; educação com povos indígenas.
Pulse Wave Velocity Assessment for Cardiovascular Risk Prognostication in ESKD: Weighting Recent Evidence
Authors: Georgianos Panagiotis I. , Vaios Vasilios , Eleftheriadis Theodoros , Zebekakis Pantelis E. , Liakopoulos Vassilios 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), arterial stiffness is
considered as a powerful predictor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. However, the relevance
of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) as a prognostic biomarker for CV risk estimation is not yet
fully clear.

Methods:
We performed a systematic search of Medline/PubMed database from inception through
August 21, 2019 to identify observational cohort studies conducted in ESKD patients and exploring the
association of PWV with CV events and mortality.

Results:
Whereas “historical” cohort studies showed aortic PWV to be associated with higher risk of
CV and all-cause mortality, recent studies failed to reproduce the independent predictive value of aortic
PWV in older ESKD patients. Studies using state-of-the-art prognostic tests showed that the addition of
aortic PWV to standard clinical risk scores could only modestly improve CV risk reclassification. Studies
associating improvement in PWV in response to blood pressure (BP)-lowering with improvement in
survival cannot demonstrate direct cause-and-effect associations due to their observational design and
absence of accurate methodology to assess the BP burden.

Conclusion:
Despite the strong pathophysiological relevance of arterial stiffness as a mediator of CV
disease in ESKD, the assessment of aortic PWV for CV risk stratification in this population appears to
be of limited value. Whether aortic PWV assessment is valuable in guiding CV risk factor management
and whether such a therapeutic approach is translated into improvement in clinical outcomes, is an issue
of clinical relevance that warrants investigation in properly-designed randomized trials.