bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation and inheritance: A novel strategy for the development of anti-yellowing cosmetic material from TCM formula
Authors: WANG Shiyi , MENG Hong , DONG Yinmao , LI Li , BAO Tuya , YI Fan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Yellow complexion is a major skin issue that bothers Chinese women. The major factor leading to sallow complexion is the accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats dull, yellow complexion as being associated with liver-, spleen- or stomach-related functional disorders. Through analysis of prescription data, we explored combinations of new prescriptions with yellow-dispelling effects.Methods We extracted the most commonly used drug pairs and core medicine in anti-yellowing formulas, then carry out hierarchical clustering analysis and extract new formula combinations. The combination effect was determined by falvnoe, DPPH radical scavenging activity and Non-enzymatic glycosylation inhibiting activity. Toxicological analysis included HET-CAM, 3T3 phototoxicity, multiple irritation and patch test.Result Three empirical formulas were identified according to drug frequency analysis, and a new formula was identified according to the results of hierarchical clustering analysis. A series of biochemical experiments proved that the best anti-yellow-complexion formula combination was the new one. The results of the safety investigation showed that the new formula at a concentration of 5% had no eye irritation effects, no irritant or corrosive effects on mammalian skin, and no adverse reactions with human skin.Conclusion This study explored and analysed the internal laws of TCM for treatment of yellow complexion and, on this basis, developed a plant combination extract material with an anti-yellowing effect on skin.
Nociceptin is Present in Synovial Fluid of Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Verbeek Thomas , Jarbadan Nancy Ruth , Davis Charles , Caldwell Julia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNociceptin, an endogenous neuropeptide with similar structure to classical opioids, is involved in a variety of systemic modulatory responses. Osteoarthritis, a chronic neuroinflammatory condition, appears to have both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes that are possibly linked to nociceptin. The presence of nociceptin in human synovial fluid has been documented in some studies; however, in others it was not detected. The goal of this pilot study was to determine whether nociceptin was present in the synovial fluid of osteoarthritic knees. MethodsPatients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty were enrolled after Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. Synovial fluid was aspirated from patients’ operative knee joints and blood samples were obtained. A commercially available enzyme Immunoassay kit was used to test for nociceptin. A linear mixed-effects model was developed to account for the repeated measurements and baseline covariates. Least squares (adjusted) means were derived from the model to compare the sample types and to compare subgroups.ResultsTwenty patients were included in this study. Nociceptin was detected in the synovial fluid and plasma of all patients. The mean concentration (± standard deviation) of nociceptin in synovial fluid was 28.7 ± 18.2 pg/ml. The mean concentration of nociceptin in plasma were 45.2 ± 24.3 pg/ml pre-procedure, and 40.1 ± 20.6 pg/ml post-tourniquet deflation. The nociceptin concentration in synovial fluid was significantly lower than the nociceptin concentration in plasma, both pre-procedure and post-tourniquet deflation (p=0.002 and p=0.016 respectively). The nociceptin concentration in both plasma and synovial fluid was significantly lower in females versus males (p=0.012).ConclusionWe demonstrated that nociceptin is present in synovial fluid and plasma of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. This implies a potential role for nociceptin in modulating inflammation in osteoarthritis.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02528916. Retrospectively registered on 19 August 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02528916
Which growth standards should be used to identify large- and small-for-gestational age infants of mothers with type 1 diabetes? A pre-specified analysis of the CONCEPTT trial
Authors: Meek Claire L , Corcoy Rosa , Asztalos Elizabeth , Kusinski Laura Caroline , Lopez Esther , Feig Denice S , Murphy Helen R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOffspring of women with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of accelerated fetal growth which is associated with perinatal morbidity. Growth standards are used to identify large- or small- for gestational age (LGA, SGA) infants. Our aim was to examine which growth standards identify infants at risk of perinatal complications during the Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 1 Diabetes Pregnancy Trial (CONCEPTT).MethodsThis was a pre-specified analysis of CONCEPTT involving 225 pregnant women from 31 international centres. Infants were weighed immediately at birth and GROW, INTERGROWTH and WHO centiles calculated. Unadjusted logistic regression identified the associations between different growth standards and perinatal outcomes including preterm delivery, Caesarean delivery, neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, respiratory distress, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and a composite neonatal outcome. ResultsAccelerated fetal growth was common, with mean birthweight percentiles of 82.1, 85.7 and 63.9 and LGA rates of 62%, 67% and 30% using GROW, INTERGROWTH and WHO standards respectively. Corresponding rates of SGA were 2.2%, 1.3% and 8.9% respectively. All standards were associated with some but not all perinatal outcomes studied. Infants born >97.7th centile using GROW or INTERGROWTH standards were at highest risk of complications. Conclusions WHO standards underestimated birthweight centile. GROW and INTERGROWTH standards identified similar numbers of infants as LGA and SGA with GROW showing stronger associations with neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia and NICU admission. Infants with suspected birthweight >97.7th centile using GROW or INTERGROWTH standards may require extra surveillance. Definitions of LGA and SGA should be re-evaluated in diabetic pregnancy. Trial registration: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov. number NCT01788527.
Evolving geographic diversity in SARS-CoV2 and in silico analysis of replicating enzyme 3CLPro targeting repurposed drug candidates
Authors: Chitranshi Nitin , Gupta Vivek Kumar , Rajput Rashi , Godinez Angela , Pushpitha Kanishka , Sheng Ting , Mirzaei Mehdi , You Yuyi , Basavarajappa Devaraj , Gupta Veer , Graham Stuart 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been initiating pandemics since the beginning of this century. In December 2019, the world was hit again by a devastating SARS episode that has so far infected almost four million individuals worldwide with over 200,000 fatalities having already occurred by mid-April 2020, and the infection rate continues to grow exponentially. SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a single stranded RNA pathogen which is characterised by a high mutation rate. It is vital to explore mutagenic capability of the viral genome that enables SARS-CoV-2 to rapidly jump from one host immunity to another and adapt to genetic pool of the local populations.Methods: For this study, we have analysed 1,921 complete viral sequences reported from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 host genomes were collected from The Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database containing 9 genomes from pangolin-CoV origin and 3 genomes from bat-CoV origin, Wuhan SARS-CoV2 reference genome was collected from GeneBank database. The Multiple sequence alignment tool, Clustal Omega was used for genomic sequence alignment. The viral replicating enzyme, 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CL pro ) that plays a key role in its pathogenicity was used to assess its affinity with pharmacological inhibitors and repurposed drugs such as anti-viral flavones, biflavanoids, anti-malarial drugs and vitamin supplements.Results: Our results demonstrate that bat-CoV shares >96% similar identity, while pangolin-CoV shares 85.98% identity with Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 genome. This in-depth analysis has identified 12 novel recurrent mutations in South American and African viral genomes out of which 3 were unique in South America, 4 unique in Africa and 5 were present in-patient isolates from both populations. The study further investigated the interaction of repurposed drugs with SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro enzyme which regulates viral replication machinery, using state of the art in silico approaches.Conclusions: Overall, this study provides insights into the evolving mutations with implications to understand viral pathogenicity and possible new strategies for repurposing compounds to combat Covid-19 pandemic.
Effect of pH Value on Synthesis and Properties of Zinc Cobalt Ferrite Nano Powders Prepared via Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Shahbahrami Behrooz , Rabiee Sayed Mahmood , Shidpoor Reza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The effect of pH value on the synthesis of zinc cobalt ferrite nano powder via co-precipitation method was investigated. Zinc cobalt ferrite (Co0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4) precipitated using a solution of nitrate raw materials under different pHs (pH=8, 10, 11, 12 and 14) and calcined at 750 °C for 2 hours. The obtained nano-powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Williamson-Hall relations and Extrapolate functions, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements.
The amount of pH had a significant effect on the structural and magnetic properties of the synthesized powders. At pHs 8 and 10, a tensile strain and above that a compressive strain was created in the system. By changing the tensile strain to compression the crystallite diameter increased, so that the crystallite diameter increased from 19.3 nm at pH 8 to 47.8 nm for pH =11. The HC of the all samples was in the range of 140-150 Oe. The saturation magnetization, anisotropy and Bohr magneton constants were 100.38 emu/gr, 15357.70 erg/Oe and 4.27, respectively for the synthesized sample at pH=11, which were higher than the other samples. These changes are due to the effect that pH has on the parameters of the crystallite diameter, particle size and also on the cation distribution of the ions in tetrahedral/octahedral spaces.
Comparison of the quantitative measurement of 18F-FDG PET/CT and histopathological findings in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Tsuji Sosuke , Iwamoto Naoki , Yoshiro Horai , Keita Fujikawa , Fujita Yuya , Fukui Shoichi , Ideguchi Reiko , Michitsuji Toru , Nishihata Shinya , Okamoto Momoko , Tsuji Yoshika , Endo Yushiro , Shimizu Toshimasa , Koga Tomohiro , kawashiri Shin-ya , Igawa Takashi , Ichinose Kunihiro , Tamai Mami , Nakamura Hideki , Origuchi Tomoki , Kudo Takashi , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Although there is increasing use of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic procedure for IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), little is known about the quantification of 18F-FDG PET/CT. We aimed to evaluate the utility of the quantification of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of IgG4-RD by analyzing the relation between 18F-FDG PET/CT findings and histopathologic findings.
Methods

Twenty-one patients with IgG4-RD, in whom 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed at the time of diagnosis between November 2011 and July 2018, were enrolled. Tissue biopsy was performed at 24 sites in 21 patients. To perform quantitative analysis of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, the highest standardized uptake value (SUV) of the pixels (SUVmax) and the average SUV (SUVmean) within the biopsied lesion were measured. The SUVmean of the liver was also measured as a reference.
Results

The mean age at diagnosis was 64.6 ± 11.9 years, and the median serum IgG4 level was 650 mg/dl. Histological findings were consistent with IgG4-RD (histopathology-positive) at 19 out of 24 sites. Although there was no significant difference in the values of SUVmax between histopathology-positive and histopathology-negative tissues, the values of SUVmean were significantly higher in the histopathology-positive tissue than those in the histopathology-negative tissue (4.98 and 3.54, respectively P < 0.05). The value of SUVmean/liver were also higher in the histopathology-positive tissue (2.17 and 1.52, respectively P < 0.05). To establish a cut-off value of SUVmean to determine which of multiple lesions should be biopsied, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. ROC curve analysis indicated SUVmean=4.07 or SUVmean/liver = 1.66 as a cut-off value that could discriminate IgG4-RD-related lesions.
Conclusions

Our present study suggested that quantitative analysis of 18FDG-PET/CT imaging might be useful for selecting the biopsy site in IgG4-RD. The calculation of SUVmean, not of SUVmax, is important for evaluating IgG4-RD-related lesions in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.
The Effects of Onlay Titanium-coated Mesh on Recurrence, Foreign Body Feeling and Chronic Pain in Ventral Hernia
Authors: Akalın Çağrı 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background There are many complications of meshes in hernia repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of onlay titanium-coated meshes (TCM) on recurrence, foreign body feeling and chronic pain in ventral hernia repair.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent TCM and polypropylene mesh (PM) for onlay repair of ventral hernia were examined between May 2014 and January 2018 at our centre. Patient characteristics, type of hernia, defect size, operative time, follow-up time, surgical site occurrence (infection, seroma and hematoma), recurrence, foreign body feeling and chronic pain were analysed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the mesh elected; TCM (titanium group) or PM (polypropylene group).Results Out of 160 patients, 63 (32.6%) had TCM and 97 (67.4%) had PM. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of recurrence (p = 0.757). Chronic pain and foreign body feeling were low in the titanium group (p = 0.047 and p = 0.029, respectively), a positive correlation was found between surgical site infection and recurrence (p = 0.020). In the polypropylene group, an increase in defect size was significantly associated with foreign body feeling and chronic pain (p < 0.001 for both comparisons).Conclusion In onlay repair of ventral hernia, TCM led to less foreign body feeling and chronic pain then PM. The surgical site infection was associated with recurrence for these meshes. Additionally, the increase in defect size causes a risk for foreign body feeling and chronic pain in repair using PM.
Conservative Management of CIN2p16 Positive Lesions in Women with Multiple HPV Infection
Authors: Bruno Maria Teresa , Scalia Guido , Cassaro Nazario , Costanzo Maria , Boemi Sara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The literature indicates a better agreement between pathologists of diagnosis of CIN2 when the H&E morphology is used together with p16 compared to the H&E morphology alone. The p16 protein when positive in a CIN2 suspect gives us the confidence of having selected true CIN2 cases. According to the 2006 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology guidelines, positive CIN2 p16 in women over the age of 25 should be managed with excisional treatments. However, excisional treatments are associated with physical, psychological and obstetric morbidity and can have a negative impact on sexual function. In our study we sought to identify a clear management strategy, address the impact of routine use of p16 immunohistochemistry in this population and identify appropriate criteria for patient selection with the aim of reducing over-treatment.Method We studied the medical records of 130 patients who had undergone laser therapy for CIN2. Each patient underwent colposcopy, specific biopsy and HPV test. Patients were divided based on HPV infection into: single infections, multiple infections. All patients were tested for p16 protein, and then underwent ZTA laser therapy with follow-up.Statistical analysis Contingency tables were created to evaluate the correlation between single, multiple and CIN2+ infections. Values with p <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results Progression, regression and persistence rates of CIN2 are shown in Table 1. Single infections had a histological regression of 61,8% (21/34), the histological persistence rate, 35,3% (12/34), was greater than the multiple infection rate. The common characteristic that the women with persistence and progression had was the dimension of the lesion visible to the colposcopic exam and the genotype 16. Ten cases of histological persistence and the only case of progression had one lesion greater than three quarters of the cervix.Conclusions With the progress of our understanding of the natural history of infection from human papillomavirus and the increasing use of colposcopy, thanks to the addition of HPV genotyping and the technique of immunohistochemistry, conservative management of these lesions is now possible
Vincosamide inhibits malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating caspase-3 activity and blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Mingyue , Feng Haipeng , Lin Bo , Zhou Ying , Zheng Yifeng , Liu Kun , Li Mengsen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Vincosamide(Vinco) was first identified in the methanolic extract of the leaves of Psychotria leiocarpa, and Vinco has important anti-inflammatory effects and activity against cholinesterase. However, whether Vinco inhibits the malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells is still unclear. In the present study, we explored the role of Vinco in suppressing the malignant behaviors of HCC cells.
Methods

MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays were applied to detect the proliferation and death of HCC cells; electron microscopy was performed to observe change in cellular mitochondrial morphology; scratch repair and Transwell assays were used to analyze the migration and invasion of HCC cells; the expression and localization of proteins were detected by laser confocal microscopy and Western blotting; and the growth of the cancer cells in vivo was assessed in a mouse tumor model.
Results

At a dose of 10–80 µg/ml, Vinco inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells and promoted their apoptosis in a time- and dose-independent manner but had little effect on normal liver cells. Additionally, 80 µg/ml Vinco significantly disrupted the morphology of mitochondria and suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cells. The growth of HCC cells in the animal tumor model was significantly inhibited after treatment with Vinco (10 mg/kg/day) for 3 days. The results of the present study indicate that Vinco (10–80 µg/ml) plays novel roles in activating caspase-3, promoting the expression of PTEN, and inhibiting the phosphorylation of AKT(Ser 473) and mTOR (Thr2448) and that Vinco was able to also suppress the expression of CXCR4, Src, MMP9, EpCAM, Ras and Oct4 in HCC cells.
Conclusions

Vinco plays a role in inhibiting the malignant behaviors of HCC cells, and the molecular mechanism may involve in suppressing the expression of the growth-, metastasis-related factors Src, Ras, MMP9, EpCAM and CXCR4 and activating the activity of caspase-3. Vinco also blocks the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, Vinco is an available chemotherapy for HCC patients.
The adverse alterations of HDL in quality promote septic ARDS via exacerbated pulmonary endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Yang Liu , Liu Sijie , Han Silu , Hu Yuhan , Wu Zhipeng , Shi Xiaoqian , Pang Baosen , Ma Yingmin , Jin Jiawei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Septic acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), characterized by the acute lung injury (ALI) secondary to aberrant systemic inflammatory response, has high morbidity and mortality. Despite increased understanding of ALI pathogenesis, the therapies to prevent lung dysfunction underlying systemic inflammatory disorder remain elusive. The high density lipoprotein (HDL) has critical protective effects in sepsis and its dysfunction has a manifested contribution to septic organ failure. However, the adverse changes in HDL composition and function in septic ARDS patients are large unknown.

Method

To investigate HDL remodeling in septic ARDS, we analyzed composition changes of plasma HDL from 40 patients with septic ARDS (A-HDL) and 40 matched normal controls (N-HDL). To determine the deleterious functional remodeling of HDL, A-HDL or N-HDL was administrated to C57BL/6 and apoA-I knock-out (KO) mice after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedure. Mouse lung microvascular endothelial cells (MLECs) were further treated by these HDLs to investigate whether the adverse effects of A-HDL were associated with endothelial dysfunction.

Results

ARDS patients showed significant changes of HDL composition, accompanied with the dramatic decrease in plasma HDL-C. We further indicated that A-HDL treatment aggravated CLP induced ALI. Intriguingly, this deleterious effects of A-HDL were associated with pulmonary endothelial dysfunction, rather than the deregulation of plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Further in vitro results demonstrated the direct effects of A-HDL on MLECs, including increased expressions of adhesion proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines via activating NF-κB signaling and decreased junction protein expression.

Conclusions

Our results depicted a sepsis induced remodeling in HDL quality, which predisposes lung to ARDS via inducing ECs dysfunction. These results also demonstrated the importance of circulating HDL in regulating alveolar homeostasis.
The effect of total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata on the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Yan Li-Shan , Wang Li , Cheng Brian Chi-Yan , Ding Yu , Kong Jing , Wang Qing Gao , Fu Xiu-Qiong , Zhang Shuo-Feng , Luo Gan , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Saussurea involucrate (SI) has long been used to treat inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The main active constituents of SI are flavonoids, which are a class of polyphenolic compounds. However, few studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the total flavonoids of SI (FSI). The mechanism underlying this action is still not fully understood. In the present study, we employed RAW264.7 cell line as an inflammatory cell model to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of FSI and explore the corresponding molecular mechanisms.Methods We extracted FSI using chromatographic column method. The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Griess assay. The release of cytokines and chemokines were determined by ELISA assays. The nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine the related protein expression.Results The results showed that the amount of FSI extracted from SI was 751.5 mg/g. The production of inflammatory mediators was effectively inhibited by FSI. Meanwhile, FSI also suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3. The elevated expression of iNOS, COX-2, p-IKKα/β, p-TBK1, p-IκBα, p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, p-p65, p-c-Jun, p-IRF3 induced by LPS was remarkably reduced by FSI treatment.Conclusion These findings indicated that FSI has a potential ability to inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and the underlying mechanism may be related to block the p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways. This study provided evidence for the anti-inflammatory mode and the underlying mechanism of FSI.