bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Intoxication Events and Patient Outcomes in Taiwan: a Nationwide Population-based Observational Study
Authors: Chen Chun Kuei , Chan Yi-Ling , Su Tse-Hsuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Intoxicated patients were frequently managed in the emergency departments (ED) with few studies at national level. The study aimed to reveal the incidence, outcomes of intoxications and trend in Taiwan.Methods Adults admitted to an ED due to an intoxication event between 2006 and 2013 were identified using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The rate of intoxication and severe intoxication events, mortality rate, hospital length of stay (LOS), and daily medical costs of these patients were analyzed. Changes over time were analyzed using Joinpoint models. Subgroup analyses were used to assess the effect of sex, age, and presence of a prior psychiatric illness.Results A total of 20,371 ED admissions due to intoxication events were identified during the study period, and the incidence decreased with annual percentage change of 4.7% from 2006 to 2013. The mortality rate, hospital LOS, and daily medical costs were not decreased over time. Males and geriatric patients had more severe intoxication events, greater mortality rates, and greater daily medical costs. Patients with psychiatric illnesses had higher mortality rates and a longer hospital LOS, but lower daily medical expenses.Conclusion From 2006 to 2013, there was a decline in the incidence of ED admission for intoxication events in Taiwan. Males, geriatric patients, and those with psychiatric illnesses had greater risks for severe intoxication and mortality.
A Pan-cancer analysis of GPR183 correlated with tumor immunity
Authors: Yang Yi , Li Lixing , Shen Lu , Wang Yanjing , Zhang Hai , Wang Ting , Cao Wenjiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background G-protein-coupled receptors(GPRs) are the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome, positively involving in human physiological and metabolic activities. Drugs targeted to GPRs have developed fast. However, there are still few GPR-targeted drugs for cancer treatment. GPR183, an orphan seven-transmembrane receptor, have been widely studied in immune regulation. Yet, its role in tumor immunity remains mysterious.Results In our study, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of GPR183. Though statistically significantly differed between tumor and normal samples in various cancers, the expression of GPR183 showed a dual trend. Besides, we applied integrated network analysis to predict GPR183 related genes and analyzed their function with GO and Pathway analysis. GPR183 was strongly associated with immune responses. Moreover, we evaluated the prognostic value of GPR183 in various cancers and found it related to the prognosis of BRCA, SKCM, LUSC, LGG and UVM. We further explore its immunoregulatory function based on differentially expressed genes. Finally, we estimated the tumor immune infiltration associated with GPR183 expression using “TIMER”. The GPR183 expression was highly correlation with macrophages and dendritic cells infiltration.Conclusions GRP183 showed a multiple immunoregulatory role in tumor progression. GPR183 was related to prognosis of five cancer types(BRCA, SKCM, LUSC, LGG and UVM). We also found GPR183 had intimate connection to PD-1 signals. GPR183 might become a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
The Impact of Integrating Environmental Health into Medical School Curricula: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Ihde Erin , Kligler Benjamin , Zipp Genevieve Pinto , Rocchetti Carmela 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Inclusion of environmental health (EH) in medical education serves as a catalyst for preparing future physicians to address issues as complex as climate change and health, water pollution and lead contamination. However, previous research has found EH education to be largely lacking in U.S. medical education, putting future physicians at risk of not having the expertise necessary to address patients' environmental illnesses, nor speak to prevention. Environmental health disparities fit well under the larger umbrella of social determinants of health, which still remain largely omitted from medical school curricula. Methods Environmental health (EH) knowledge and skills were incorporated into the first-year medical school curriculum at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, via a thread of two-hour interactive large group learning sessions with follow up activities. In year 1, students took the Environmental Health in Med School (EHMS) survey before and after the EH thread. This survey was designed to evaluate medical students’ attitudes, awareness and professionalism regarding environmental health. Results suggested a dramatic ceiling effect on students’ responses to the EHMS survey, making it difficult to detect any change from before to after the intervention. Our conclusion was that the current generation of medical students at this school is already extremely aware of and concerned about the impact of environmental issues on health. Based on the outcomes of the EHMS survey, a new Environmental Health Survey II (EHS II) was created for Year 2, to measure students' perceptions of preparedness to discuss EH with future patients. The two surveys were both created by the research team and designed to help inform subsequent content revisions to ensure learning objectives were met. ResultsResults for the four questions on the EHS II pre-survey (84 respondents) and on the post-survey (79 respondents) showed a statistically significant positive change in students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health with their patients following the curriculum intervention. ConclusionsA relatively brief six-week environmental health module combining didactic and experiential elements can significantly increase medical students’ self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health issues, including climate change, with their patients.
Simulation-Based Curriculum Development: Lessons Learnt in Global Health Education
Authors: Sawaya Rasha , Mrad Sandra , Rajha Eva , Saleh Rana , Rice Julie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Simulation based medical education (SBME) allows learners to acquire clinical skills without exposing patients to unnecessary risk. This is especially applicable to Emergency Medicine training programs where residents are expected to demonstrate proficiency in the management of time critical, low frequency, and highly-morbidity conditions. This study aims to describe the process through which a SBME curriculum was created, in a limited simulation resource setting at a 4-year Emergency Medicine (EM) residency program at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Methods: A case-based pilot simulation curriculum was developed following Kern’s 6 step approach to curriculum design. The curricular objectives were identified through an anonymous survey of the program’s residents and faculty. Curriculum outcomes were assessed, and the curriculum was revised to address curricular barriers. Evaluations of the revised curriculum were collected during the simulation sessions and through a whole revised curriculum evaluation at the end of the first year of its implementation. Results: 14/20 residents (70%) and 8/8 faculty (100%) completed the needs assessment from which objectives for the pilot curriculum were developed and implemented through 6 2-hour sessions over a 1-year period. Objectives were not met and identified barriers included cost, scheduling, resources, and limited faculty time. The revised curriculum addressed these barriers and 24 40-minute sessions were successfully conducted during the following year. The sessions took place 3 at a time, in 2-hour slots, using the same scenario to meet the objectives of the different learners’ levels. 91/91 evaluations were collected from participants with overall positive results. The main differences between the pilot and the revised curricula included: a better understanding of the simulation center resources and faculty’s capabilities. Conclusion: Simulation-based education is feasible even with limited-resources. However, understanding the resources available, and advocating for protected educator time are essential to implementing a successful EM simulation curriculum.
Identification of A Novel Six Autophagy-Related Genes Signature for The Prognostic and A miRNA-Related Autophagy Predictor for Anti-PD-1 Therapy Responses in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wu Lei , Yue Guojun , Quan Wen , Luo Qiong , Peng Dongxu , Zhang Guihai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostatic process in the human body that is responsible for the elimination of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles. Several autophagy-related genes (ARGs) contribute to the process of tumorigenesis and metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa). Also, miRNAs have been proven to modulate autophagy by targeting some ARGs. However, their potential role in PCa still remains unclear.Methods: An univariate Cox proportional regression model was used to identify 17 ARGs associated with the overall survival (OS) of PCa. Then, a multivariate Cox proportional regression model was used to construct a 6 autophagy-related prognostic genes signature. Patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group using the median risk score as a cutoff value. High-risk patients had shorter OS than low-risk patients. Furthermore, the signature was validated by ROC curves. Regarding mRNA and miRNA, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 1073 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected via the GEO database. We found that miR-205, one of the DEMs, was negatively regulated the expression of ARG (NKX2-3). Based on STRING analysis results, we found that the NKX2-3 was moderately related to the part of genes among the 6 autophagy-related genes prognostic signature. Further, NKX 2-3 was significantly correlated with OS and some clinical parameters of PCa by cBioProtal. By gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Lastly, we demonstrated that the association between NKX2-3 and tumor mutation burden (TMB) and PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1) of PCa.Results: We identified that the six ARGs expression patterns are independent predictors of OS in PCa patients. Furthermore, our results suggest that ARGs and miRNAs are inter-related. MiR-205 was negatively regulated the expression of ARG (NKX2-3). Further analysis demonstrated that NKX2-3 may be a potential biomarker for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in PCa.Conclusions: The current study may offer a novel autophagy-related prognostic signature and may identify a promising miRNA-ARG pathway for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in PCa.
First Report on Molecular Basis of Potato Leaf Roll Virus Aggravation by Combined Effect of Tuber and Prevailing Aphid
Authors: Kumar Ravi Ranjan , Ansar Md. , Rajani Kumari , Kumar Jitesh , Ranjan Tushar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
The Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV) is one of the most devastating virus causing severe yield loss worldwide in potato. The comprehensive observations were made to study the PLRV infestation in major potato growing areas of Bihar (India) and further detailed molecular basis of PLRV aggravation was established.
Results
Although population of aphids were found comparatively lower with maximum symptomatic plants, our molecular data further confirms the presence of PLRV in all possible symptomatic tissues such as tuber, shoot and leaf. For the first time, we have proposed molecular basis of aggravation of PLRV, where tuber acts as a reservoir during off-season and further transmitted by aphids.
Health behaviors and health services accessibility factors associated with diabetes: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Cinaroglu Songul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to explore diabetes prevalence and to identify the associated health behaviors and accessibility factors. Despite increasing burden of diabetes in Turkey, there is a lack of information regarding associated factors with diabetes.Methods: Data gathered from TurkStat-Health Survey for the year 2014. 1996 individuals who had reported diabetes were matched to similar non-diabetes participants in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and comorbidities by using 1:1 nearest matching based on estimated propensity scores.Results: The weighted point prevalence of diabetes among adults was 8.98%. Compared with smokers, non-smokers were less likely to develop diabetes (OR:0.96; 95% CI:0.95–0.97). Individuals engaging in regular physical activity were less likely to have experienced diabetes than individuals not engaging in any physical activity (OR:0.51; 95% CI:0.41–0.52). Conclusions: Improving the health behaviors of individuals and promoting a culture of exercise and healthy food consumption are necessary strategies to fight against diabetes in Turkey. Collaborations between health professionals will provide many lights for effective clinical decision making and preparations of diabetes self-management programs. Crisper understanding of associated health behaviors and health services accessibility factors associated with diabetes is beneficial to develop better nursing plans for patients.
An Abdominal-sacral Approach With Preoperative Embolisation For Vulvar Solitary Fibrous Tumour: A Case Report
Authors: Takahashi Akimasa , Kasei Ryo , Amano Tsukuru , Nishimura Hiroki , Deguchi Mari , Yoshino Fumi , Kimura Fuminori , Moritani Suzuko , Murakami Takashi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) in the female genital tract are uncommon. Resection of these tumours is controversial because it can cause life-threatening haemorrhage. We report a case of vulvar SFT that was excised in a combined abdominal-sacral approach after preoperative embolisation.Case Presentation: At another hospital, an inoperable intrapelvic tumour was diagnosed in a 34-year-old woman. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the uterus, urinary bladder and rectum were compressed laterally by a pelvic tumour with a maximum diameter of 11 cm. This mass was hypervascular and had a well-defined border. Transperineal biopsy was performed, and immunostaining revealed that the mass was an SFT. The tumour was supplied by feeding vessels from the right iliac arteries. First, we embolised the feeding vessels. Second, we performed surgical resection in a combined abdominal-sacral approach; no blood transfusion was necessary, and no perioperative complications occurred. The final pathological diagnosis was SFT that was positive for CD34 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 according to immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion: During a year of follow-up, the disease did not recur. Treatment of pelvic SFT should aim at complete resection through various approaches after careful measures are taken to prevent haemorrhage.
Small Nucleolar RNA and Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene Signatures as Biomarkers for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Han Shuwen , Xie Yangyang , Yang Xi , Dai Siqi , Dai Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify key molecules including small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) involved in pancreatic cancer.Methods: First, we screened the differentially expressed snoRNAs (DEsnoRNAs) and trend-related snoRNAs based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset for pancreatic cancer, and then performed methylation correlation analysis, survival analysis, and extraction of snoRNA host genes for Gene ontology (GO) functional and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Next, DESNHGs and trend-related SNHGs were screened according to the TCGA dataset for pancreatic cancer, and a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed for pathway and functional enrichment analysis. Results: A total of eight DEsnoRNAs and 93 trend-related snoRNAs were extracted. Then, ten host genes of the snoRNAs were identified. Functional analysis suggested that the ten host genes were significantly enriched in several GO terms including mitotic chromosome condensation and endocytosis pathway. SNORA38B was considered to associate with survival and prognosis. The SNORD17 and SNORA11 were considered to negatively correlate with methylation. In addition, two trend-related SNHGs were extracted. Additionally, a ceRNA network was constructed with 11 miRNAs, one lncRNAs, and one mRNA. SNHG24 mainly correlated with GnRH secretion and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction in pancreatic cancer. Conclusion: The identified snoRNAs and SNHGs could serve as potential markers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
Using Techno-Economic Modelling to Determine the Minimum Cost Possible for a Microbial Palm Oil Substitute
Authors: Karamerou Eleni E. , Parsons Sophie , McManus Marcelle C. , Chuck Christopher 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Palm oil is the most commonly used crop oil worldwide, and is used predominantly for food, in the chemical industry and for biofuels. It is mainly cultivated in areas with biodiverse and carbon-rich rainforest which has given rise to large increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and significant impacts to biodiversity. There is therefore substantial interest in finding an alternative to palm oil. Heterotrophic single cell oils (SCOs) are one potential replacement as these are able to mimic the lipid profile of palm oil in a way that other terrestrial and exotic crop oils cannot. But, despite a large experimental research effort in this area, there are only a handful of techno-economic modelling publications. As such, there is little understanding of whether SCOs are, or could ever be, a potential competitive replacement to palm oil. To help address this question we designed a detailed model that coupled a hypothetical heterotroph (using the very best possible biological lipid production) with the largest and most efficient chemical plant design possible. Results Our base case gave a lipid selling price of $2.01 / kg for ~8,000 tonnes / year production, that could be reduced to $1.54 /kg on increasing production to ~48,000 tonnes of lipid a year. A range of scenarios to further reduce this cost were then assessed, including using a thermotolerant strain (reducing the cost from $1.54 /kg to $1.47 /kg), zero cost electricity ($ 1.48/kg), using non-sterile conditions ($1.05 / kg), wet extraction of lipids ($1.48 / kg), continuous production of extracellular lipid ($0.76 /kg) and selling the whole yeast cell, including recovering value for the protein and carbohydrate ($1.14 /kg). If co-products were produced alongside the lipid then the price could be effectively reduced to $0, depending on the amount of carbon funnelled away from lipid production, as long as the co-product could be sold in excess of $1/kg. Conclusions The model presented here represents an ideal case that which while not achievable in reality, importantly would not be able to be improved on, irrespective of the scientific advances in this area. From the scenarios explored, however, it should still be possible to produce lower cost SCOs, but research must start to be applied in three key areas, firstly designing products where the whole cell is used, displacing products that contain palm oil rather than attempting to produce an exact refined palm oil substitute. Secondly, further work on the product systems that produce lipids extracellularly in a continuous processing methodology or finally that create an effective biorefinery designed to produce a low molecular weight, bulk chemical, alongside the lipid. All other research areas will only ever give incremental gains rather than leading towards an economically competitive, sustainable, microbial oil.
Variable stiffness identification and configuration optimization of industrial robots for machining tasks
Authors: Jiao Jiachen , Tian Wei , Zhang Lin , Li Bo , Hu Junshan , Li Yufei , Li Dawei , Zhang Jianlong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Industrial robots are increasingly used in machining tasks because of their high flexibility and intelligence. However, the low structural stiffness of the robot seriously affects the positional accuracy and machining quality of robot operation equipment. Studying robot stiffness characteristics and optimization methods is an effective way to improve robot stiffness performance. Accordingly, aiming at the poor accuracy of stiffness modeling caused by approximating stiffness of each joint as constant, a variable stiffness identification method is proposed based on space gridding. Then, a task-oriented axial stiffness evaluation index is proposed to realize quantitative assessment of the stiffness performance in the machining direction. Besides, by analyzing the redundant kinematic characteristics of the robot machining system, a configuration optimization method is further come up with to maximize the index. For a large number of points or trajectory processing tasks, a configuration smoothing strategy is proposed to achieve fast acquisition of optimized configurations. Finally, experiments on a KR500 robot are conducted to verify the feasibility and validity of proposed stiffness identification and configuration optimization methods.
The Trochanteric Double Contour is a Valuable Landmark for Assessing Femoral Offset Underestimation on Standard Radiographs: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Blümel Stefan , Stadelmann Vincent A. , Brioschi Marco , Küffer Alexander , Leunig Michael , Rüdiger Hannes A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Inaccurate projection on standard pelvic radiographs leads to the underestimation of femoral offset—a critical determinant of postoperative hip function—during total hip arthroplasty (THA) templating. We noted that the posteromedial facet of the greater trochanter and piriformis fossa form a double contour on radiographs, which may be valuable in determining the risk of underestimating femoral offset. We evaluate whether projection errors can be predicted based on the double contour width.Methods: Plain anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiographs and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 64 adult hips were evaluated retrospectively. Apparent femoral offset, apparent femoral head diameter and double contour widths were evaluated from the radiographs. X-ray projection errors were estimated by comparison to the true neck length measured on MRIs after calibration to the femoral heads. Multivariate analysis with backward elimination was used to detect associations between the double contour width and radiographic projection errors. Femoral offset underestimation below 10% was considered acceptable for templating.Results: The narrowest width of the double line between the femoral neck and piriformis fossa is significantly associated with projection error. When double line widths exceed 5 mm, the risk of projection error greater than 10% is significantly increased compared to narrower double lines, and the acceptability rate for templating drops below 80% (p = 0.02).Conclusion: The double contour width is a potential landmark for excluding pelvic AP radiographs unsuitable for THA templating due to inaccurate femoral rotation.