bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annual Bleeding Rates: Pitfalls of Clinical Trial Outcomes in Hemophilia Patients
Authors: Keipert Christine , Müller‐Olling Mirco , Gauly Franca , Arras‐Reiter Cornelia , Hilger Anneliese 
Published: May 2020

Emerging treatment options for hemophilia, including gene therapy, modified factor products, antibody‐based products, and other nonreplacement therapies, are in development or on their way to marketing authorization. For proof of efficacy, annual bleeding rates (ABRs) have become an increasingly important endpoint in hemophilia trials. We hypothesized that ABR analyses differ substantially between and within medicinal product classes and that the ABR observation period constitutes a major bias. For ABR characterization, an internal factor VIII (FVIII) treatment database has been built based on confidential clinical trial data submitted to the Paul‐Ehrlich‐Institut (PEI). Furthermore, anonymized data from 46 trial protocols submitted for review to the PEI were analyzed (FVIII replacement, n = 27; antibody‐based, n = 12; and gene therapy, n = 7) for methodology. Definitions of bleeding episodes and ABR observational periods differed substantially in clinical trials. In the initial observation phase, individual ABRs of patients, treated prophylactically for 1 year, vary by about 40% (P < 0.001), which finally led to a significant reduction of the ABR group mean by 20% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the high variance in ABRs constitutes a major challenge in statistical analyses. In conclusion, considerable heterogeneity and bias in the ABR estimation in clinical trials was identified, which makes it substantially more difficult to compare the efficacy of different treatment regimens and products. Thus, awareness of the important pitfalls when using ABR as a clinical outcome is needed in the evaluation of hemophilia therapies for patients, physicians, regulators, and health technology assessment agencies.
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts are a useful cytological finding for diagnosing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Saika Tsubasa , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Itoh Hitoshi , Miyajima Yoko , Serizawa Akihiko , Kato Nobuaki , Oyamada Hiroyuki , Machida Tomohisa , Kawanishi Aya , Nakamura Naoya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts or myofibroblasts that play a crucial role in the invasiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, the cytological features and diagnostic significance of CAFs based on pancreatic duct brushing cytology (PDBC) were evaluated.MethodsThe prevalence of fibrous stroma (FS) including CAFs on PDBC in 42 PDAC cases and 33 benign cases was retrospectively investigated. The average nuclear size of fibroblasts was compared between PDAC and benign cases to distinguish CAFs from normal FS.ResultsOverall, FS was observed in 25 PDAC cases (60%) and eight benign cases (24%). The average nuclear size of FS in PDAC cases was significantly larger than that in benign cases. From the receiver operating characteristics analysis, the cut‐off value of the nuclear size of FS for the diagnosis of PDAC was defined as 10.22 µm. FS with nuclei over 10.22 µm in size in PDAC cases had clear prominent nucleoli. In contrast, FS in benign cases had no clear nucleoli. Thus, CAFs on PDBC were considered to be FS with nuclei over 10.22 µm in size and prominent nucleoli. The presence of CAFs on PDBC had 100% positive predictive value and specificity for the diagnosis of PDAC.ConclusionsThis study suggested that CAFs on PDBC could be distinguished from normal FS by large nuclear size (over 10.22 µm) and prominent nucleoli and that CAFs on PDBC may be used for the diagnosis of PDAC.
Control measures to prevent Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in endoscopy centers: Multi‐center study
Authors: Huang Qing , Liu Guanyi , Wang Jiewei , Duan Tianjiao , Feng Yun , Lin Xiaoqing , Zhu Yuanmin , Wang Huihui , Cui Yi , He Shuixiang , Zhu Yunqing , Li Peng , Rong Long , Liu Yulan 
Published: May 2020

AimsTo investigate control measures for COVID‐19 pandemic in GIE centers in China.MethodsThis is a retrospective multi‐center research, including seven centers. Data collection was from 1 February to 31 March 2020 and the same period in 2019.ResultsThere were a total of 28 COVID‐19 definite cases in these hospitals. Six out of seven GIE centers were arranged to shut down on 1 February, with a mean number of shutdown days of 23.6 ± 5.3. The actual workloads were only 10.3%–62.9% compared to those last year. All centers had a preoperative COVID‐19 screening process. Epidemiological questionnaire, temperature taking and QR‐code of journey were conducted. Chest CT scan was conducted during the shutdown period and continued in five centers after return to work. Antibody and nucleic acid test were applied in one to three centers. All endoscopists had advanced PPE. Five centers used surgical mask and the rest used N95 mask. Six centers used goggles or face shield. Five centers selected isolation gowns and the rest selected protective suits. The change frequency of these PPE was 4 h. Sterilizing measures were improved in six centers. Five centers utilized ultraviolet and six centers strengthened natural ventilation. Four and six centers used peracetic acid during the period of shutdown and return to work, alone or matched with OPA or acidified water.ConclusionsMany effective control measures were conducted in GIE centers during the outbreak, including patients’ volume limitation, preoperative COVID‐19 screening, advanced PPE and disinfection methods.
Rehabilitation interventions in Rett syndrome: a scoping review
Authors: Lim Jan , Greenspoon Dayna , Hunt Anne , McAdam Laura 
Published: May 2020

AimTo summarize existing interventions and their outcomes in Rett syndrome (RTT) rehabilitation and identify gaps in the literature.MethodFive databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase Classic, Ovid PsycINFO, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, and ProQuest ERIC) were systematically searched up to 23rd July 2018 for studies describing rehabilitation interventions. Data on study participants, design, and outcomes were extracted.ResultsSixty‐two articles were included in the final review. Evidence consistently demonstrated that females with RTT can improve their gross motor, fine motor, and communicative skills with rehabilitation. All 11 interventions targeting gross motor function, namely ambulation, achieved functional improvements. Twenty of 24 articles describing fine motor rehabilitation studies succeeded in decreasing stereotypies, improving functional hand use, and/or reducing self‐injurious behaviors. Twenty‐one of 22 studies describing communication interventions succeeded in training choice‐making, communicative language, or socialization behavior. Other key findings include the positive interplay between physical and communicative rehabilitation outcomes, and the ability of females with RTT to improve their cognitive abilities during intervention.InterpretationRehabilitation can impact the daily lives of females with RTT and their caregivers in clinically meaningful ways.What this paper adds

Females with Rett syndrome (RTT) can make developmental gains across their life span.

Long‐term intervention can improve the physical abilities of individuals with RTT.

Low‐, medium‐, and high‐technology interventions can improve the communicative abilities of individuals with RTT.
Multimodality imaging to guide transcatheter treatment of severe degenerative tricuspid regurgitation with tricuspid valve‐in‐ring implantation and paravalvular leak closure
Authors: Peters Andrew C. , Unger Erin , Gong Fei Fei , El Hangouche Nadia , Puthumana Jyothy J. , Thomas James D. , Fusari Melissa , Davidson Charles J. , Ricciardi Mark J. , Pham Duc , Flaherty James D. , Narang Akhil 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTricuspid valve (TV) degeneration after surgical repair with an annuloplasty ring is problematic as redo operation carries high mortality. This can be addressed with transcatheter therapies to implant a valve within in prior ring (tricuspid valve‐in‐ring). When an incomplete ring is present, paravalvular leak is commonly encountered after tricuspid valve‐in‐ring (TViR) implant; however, this can be addressed with paravalvular leak closure devices. Multimodality imaging including cardiac computed tomography and three‐dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are important for successful TViR implant. We report a case of tricuspid regurgitation after tricuspid repair with an incomplete annuloplasty ring and subsequent paravalvular leak closure.
Multimodality imaging of IgG4 related coronary artery aneurysm
Authors: Ansari‐Gilani Kianoush , Gilkeson Robert C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInvolvement of the coronary arteries by immunoglobulin G4‐related disease is rare. It can cause coronary artery aneurysm and arterial wall thickening. Imaging plays a key role in the assessment of the coronary arteries and multimodality approach imaging is helpful to make the diagnosis and provide functional and prognostic information.
Application of comprehensive geriatric assessment in predicting early mortality among elder patients with B‐cell lymphoma receiving immunochemotherapy
Authors: Chou Wen‐Chi , Chang Hung , Wang Po‐Nan , Kuo Ming‐Chung , Wu Jin‐Hou , Lin Tung‐Liang , Su Yi‐Jiun , Kao Hsiao‐Wen , Ou Che‐Wei , Hung Chia‐Yen , Hsueh Shun‐Wen , Hung Yu‐Shin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesEarly mortality, defined as death within 120 days after initiated antitumor therapy, is an important issue especially for elder patients with B‐cell lymphoma. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in early mortality prediction in elderly patients with B‐cell lymphoma receiving immunochemotherapy.MethodsSeventy‐six consecutive patients with newly diagnosed B‐cell lymphoma receiving immunochemotherapy from a medical center in Taiwan were prospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into fit (n = 49) and frail (n = 27) groups per pretreatment CGA for early mortality comparison.ResultsThe early mortality rate in our patient cohort was 16% (n = 12): from 6% in patients with no CGA domain impairment to 43% in patients with ≥4 CGA domain impairment. The early mortality rate was 6% and 33% in fit and frail patients (odds ratio, 7.67; 95% CI, 1.86‐31.6; P = .005), respectively. Frailty was the significant predictor for early mortality in univariate and multivariate analysis.ConclusionIn this study, the number of geriatric domain impairment is positively associated with the early mortality risk in elderly patients with B‐cell lymphoma. Therefore, CGA can help clinicians to identify the risk of early mortality in elderly patients and provide alternative treatment.
A continuously changing selective context on microbial communities associated with fish, from egg to fork
Authors: Derome Nicolas , Filteau Marie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFast increase of fish aquaculture production to meet consumer demands is accompanied by important ecological concerns such as disease outbreaks. Meanwhile, food waste is an important concern with fish products since they are highly perishable. Recent aquaculture and fish product microbiology, and more recently, microbiota research, paved the way to a highly integrated approach to understand complex relationships between host fish, product and their associated microbial communities at health/disease and preservation/spoilage frontiers. Microbial manipulation strategies are increasingly validated as promising tools either to replace or to complement traditional veterinary and preservation methods. In this review, we consider evolutionary forces driving fish microbiota assembly, in particular the changes in the selective context along the production chain. We summarize the current knowledge concerning factors governing assembly and dynamics of fish hosts and food microbial communities. Then, we discuss the current microbial community manipulation strategies from an evolutionary standpoint to provide a perspective on the potential for risks, conflict and opportunities. Finally, we conclude that to harness evolutionary forces in the development of sustainable microbiota manipulation applications in the fish industry, an integrated knowledge of the controlling abiotic and especially biotic factors is required.
Retroperitoneoscopy in the horse: Anatomical study of the retroperitoneal perirenal space and description of a surgical approach
Authors: Pujol Raymond , De Fourmestraux Claire , Symoens Antoine , Branchereau Julien , Tessier Caroline 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSurgical approaches to the kidneys and perirenal structures are uncommonly performed in horses and several complications have been described with the current procedures.ObjectiveTo describe the anatomy of the retroperitoneal perirenal space and investigate a retroperitoneal minimally invasive approach to access the kidney and perirenal structures in horses.Study designDescriptive, cadaveric study.MethodsAnatomical description of the retroperitoneal space was performed on three equine cadavers and the surgical approach was developed based on these dissections. Ten cadaveric horses underwent a retroperitoneoscopy. Five horses were placed in a right lateral recumbency position to explore the left retroperitoneal space and five horses were placed in a standing position to explore both left and right sides. Anatomical landmarks, working space and access to the renal hilus and perirenal structures were evaluated.ResultsDissections revealed that kidneys are surrounded by a renal fascia which delimits two spaces: a perirenal space between the kidney and the renal fascia, and a pararenal space between the renal fascia and psoas muscles or peritoneum. The retroperitoneoscopic portal was placed at the level of the dorsal aspect of the tuber coxae, 3 cm caudal to the last rib for the left side and 2 cm caudal to the last rib for the right side. Retroperitoneal access and working space were successfully established in all horses. The standing position allowed an easier dissection than lateral recumbency. Division of the perirenal fat allowed access to the kidney and adrenal glands as well as individualisation of renal vessels and ureter in the renal hilus.Main limitationsStudy of cadavers precluded appreciation of haemorrhage or use the pulsating vessels as landmarks.ConclusionsThis study provides a description of the retroperitoneal perirenal space and describes a new surgical approach to access kidneys and perirenal structures in horses.
Decision support system on credit operation using linear and logistic regression
Authors: Teles Germanno , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. , Kozlov Sergei A. , Rabêlo Ricardo A. L. , Albuquerque Victor Hugo C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe act of lending is based on trust in the borrower to honour the obligation of paying back the lender. Greater spreads on credit operations may help predict the expected recovery of the credit, based on the sufficiency and liquidity of the guarantee. This study aims to understand how predictive models can provide different estimations of expected recovery based on the same data sets. It classifies credit by the formulation of a rule that describes the values of a categorical variable according to some specified definition. It finds that a simple logistic regression model can easily be extended to a multiple logistic regression model by integrating more than one prediction variable, which indicates increasing difficulty in obtaining multiple observations with an increasing number of independent variables. It compares the efficiency of the logistic regression with that of a linear regression in predicting whether recovery is due in a credit operation, and, thus, identifies the best model for this purpose.
Comparative environmental and economic life cycle assessment of biogas production from perennial wild plant mixtures and maize (Zea mays L.) in southwest Germany
Authors: Lask Jan , Martínez Guajardo Alejandra , Weik Jan , von Cossel Moritz , Lewandowski Iris , Wagner Moritz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMaize silage is the main biogas co‐substrate in Germany, but its use is often questioned due to negative environmental impacts. Perennial wild plant mixtures (WPM) are increasingly considered alternatives, as these extensive systems improve soil quality and enhance agrobiodiversity. Methane yields per hectare however do not match those of maize. This study examined whether the potential advantages of replacing maize with WPM for biogas production are counteracted by lower yields and associated effects. Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost assessment were used to compare the environmental and economic performance of electricity generation from WPM in two establishment procedures, ‘standard’ (WPM E1) and ‘under maize’ (WPM E2). These metrics were benchmarked against those of maize. The production of 1 kWh electricity was chosen as functional unit. The life cycle inventory of the agricultural phase was based on multi‐annual field trials in southwest Germany. Both WPM E1 and E2 had lower marine eutrophication and global warming potentials than maize. The GWP favourability was however sensitive to the assumptions made with regard to the amount and fate of carbon sequestered in the soil. WPM E1 performed less favourable than WPM E2. This was mainly due to lower yields, which could, in turn, result in potential indirect land use impacts. These impacts may outweigh the carbon sequestration benefits of WPM cultivation. Maize performed best in terms of economic costs, freshwater eutrophication, terrestrial acidification, fine particulate matter and ozone formation. We conclude that the widespread deployment of WPM systems on productive agricultural land should only take place if permanent soil carbon sequestration can be ensured. In either case, WPM cultivation could be a valid alternative for bioenergy buffers and marginal land where competitive yields of common crops cannot be guaranteed, but which could accommodate low‐input cultivation systems.
Concurrent Determination of U‐Pb Age and REE Mass Fractions of Zircon by High Mass Resolution SIMS
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Qiu‐Li , Tang Guo‐Qiang , Li Xian‐Hua 
Published: May 2020

A combined geochronological and geochemical investigation for the same domain of zircon provides valuable information on timing and genesis, particularly in the case of multi‐growth metamorphic zircon. A high spatial resolution concurrent analytical method for zircon U‐Pb age and rare earth element content was successfully achieved in this study, using a multi‐collector secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) at a ~ 8 μm diameter scale. Special instrument parameters were employed, including a high mass resolution of approximately 15000 applied to replace the previous energy filter method, and a dynamic multi‐collector mode used to reduce the measurement time to 18 min per analysis. Six zircon reference materials yielded precise and accurate 206Pb/238U ages, which are comparable to those obtained by the ordinary mono‐collector method, but with 2–3 times higher spatial resolution. All zircon grains measured in this study showed enriched heavy‐REE (HREE) contents consistent with previously reported values determined by LA and solution ICP‐MS methods. The light‐REE (LREE) mass fractions measured using both SIMS and LA‐ICP‐MS methods in this study, although with quite different volume, show consistent results within uncertainties.
Forage yield and quality of buffel ‘H‐17’ and Urochloa hybrids at different regrowth ages under semi‐arid conditions
Authors: Garay Martínez Jonathan Raúl , Estrada Drouaillet Benigno , Bautista Martínez Yuridia , Bernal-Flores Álvaro , Mendoza Pedroza Sergio Iban , Martínez González Juan Carlos , Sosa Montes Eliseo , Joaquín Cancino Santiago 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUrochloa hybrids produce large amounts of biomass and have drought tolerance; however, there are few reports on the forage yield and quality of these forage grasses in semi‐arid environments. We evaluated the forage yield and nutritional value of Urochloa hybrids (‘Mulato II’, ‘Cayman’ and ‘Cobra’) and Pennisetum ciliare ‘H‐17’ (control) at three regrowth ages (RA: 4, 6 and 8 weeks), at maximum (MAR) and minimum (MIR) rainfall periods in semi‐arid climate. The variables evaluated were as follows: dry matter of leaves (DMl), stems (DMs), and total (DMT), crude protein (CP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and detergent fibers (neutral: NDF, and acid: ADF). The hybrids showed higher DMl, CP and IVDMD with values of 423 g/m2, 11% and 70%, respectively. ‘H‐17’ presented higher DMs, NDF and ADF, with values of 110 g/m2, 69% and 35%, respectively. Urochloa hybrids showed higher forage yield and nutritional value compared to Pennisetum ciliare ‘H‐17’ and could be an alternative for semi‐arid zones.
Water Defluoridation Using Sequentially CoupledMoringa oleiferaSeed Extract and Electrocoagulation
Authors: Laney Brent , Rodriguez‐Narvaez Oscar M. , Apambire Braimah , Bandala Erick R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMoringa oleifera(MO) seed extract coupled with electrocoagulation (EC) was used to remove fluoride from water. Different MO extract volumes (5.0, 12.5, and 25.0 mL of MO extract per water liter) were coupled with EC, using aluminum electrodes at different current density values (J = 0.7, 2.0, and 3.3 mA/cm2) and different electrode separations (1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 cm), tested in batch and recirculation experiments. Control experiments using MO extract and EC alone achieved 5% and 54% water defluoridation, respectively. Best experimental batch conditions were achieved using 12.5 mL of MO extract followed by EC (3.3 mA/cm2) with a 1.0 cm electrode separation, producing >90% fluoride removal. Recirculation experiments with the EC reactor were performed with DI water and tap water using 1.0 cm electrode separation, 12.5 mL of MO extract and different current densities. More than 90% fluoride removal was achieved with the EC/MO process, using 3.3 mA/cm2, in both DI and tap water after 30 and 60 min, respectively. An energy consumption index (ECI) was developed, which showed that 1.51 and 0.67 W/h/mg were achieved for batch experiments of EC alone and EC/MO extract, respectively. For EC/MO extract, recirculation experiments with tap and DI water resulted in 0.35 and 0.22 W/h/mg, respectively. A cost analysis showed that $0.18 will be needed to treat one cubic meter of water.