bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cigarette smoking and risk of intracranial aneurysms in middle-aged women
Authors: Ogilvy Christopher S , Gomez-Paz Santiago , Kicielinski Kimberly P , Salem Mohamed M , Akamatsu Yosuke , Waqas Muhammad , Rai Hamid Hussain , Catapano Joshua S , Muram Sandeep , Elghareeb Mohammed , Siddiqui Adnan H , Levy Elad I , Lawton Michael T , Mitha Alim P , Hoh Brian L , Polifka Adam , Fox W Christopher , Moore Justin M , Thomas Ajith J 
Published: July 2020

Background and purposeWe previously reported a single-centre study demonstrating that smoking confers a six-fold increased risk for having an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) in women aged between 30 and 60 years and this risk was higher if the patient had chronic hypertension. There are no data with greater generalisability evaluating this association. We aimed to validate our previous findings in women from a multicentre study.MethodsA multicentre case-control study on women aged between 30 and 60 years, that had magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) during the period 2016–2018. Cases were those with an incidental UIA, and these were matched to controls based on age and ethnicity. A multivariable conditional logistic regression was conducted to evaluate smoking status and hypertension differences between cases and controls.ResultsFrom 545 eligible patients, 113 aneurysm patients were matched to 113 controls. The most common reason for imaging was due to chronic headaches in 62.5% of cases and 44.3% of controls. A positive smoking history was encountered in 57.5% of cases and in 37.2% of controls. A multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant association between positive smoking history (OR 3.7, 95%CI 1.61 to 8.50), hypertension (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.17 to 8.52) and both factors combined with a diagnosis of an incidental UIA (OR 6.9, 95% CI 2.49 to 19.24).ConclusionsWomen aged between 30 and 60 years with a positive smoking history have a four-fold increased risk for having an UIA, and a seven-fold increased risk if they have underlying chronic hypertension. These findings indicate that women aged between 30 and 60 years with a positive smoking history might benefit from a screening recommendation.
Urine and serum S100A8/A9 and S100A12 associate with active lupus nephritis and may predict response to rituximab treatment
Authors: Davies Jennifer C , Midgley Angela , Carlsson Emil , Donohue Sean , Bruce Ian N , Beresford Michael W , Hedrich Christian M 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundApproximately 30% of patients with the systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop lupus nephritis (LN) that affects treatment and prognosis. Easily accessible biomarkers do not exist to reliably predict renal disease. The Maximizing SLE Therapeutic Potential by Application of Novel and Systemic Approaches and the Engineering Consortium aims to identify indicators of treatment responses in SLE. This study tested the applicability of calcium-binding S100 proteins in serum and urine as biomarkers for disease activity and response to treatment with rituximab (RTX) in LN.MethodsS100A8/A9 and S100A12 proteins were quantified in the serum and urine of 243 patients with SLE from the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group Biologics Register (BILAG-BR) study and 48 controls matched for age using Meso Scale Discovery’s technology to determine whether they perform as biomarkers for active LN and/or may be used to predict response to treatment with RTX. Renal disease activity and response to treatment was based on BILAG-BR scores and changes in response to treatment.ResultsSerum S100A12 (p<0.001), and serum and urine S100A8/A9 (p<0.001) levels are elevated in patients with SLE. While serum and urine S100 levels do not correlate with global disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index), levels in urine and urine/serum ratios are elevated in patients with active LN. S100 proteins perform better as biomarkers for active LN involvement in patients with SLE who tested positive for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. Binary logistic regression and area under the curve analyses suggest the combination of serum S100A8/A9 and S100A12 can predict response to RTX treatment in LN after 6 months.ConclusionsFindings from this study show promise for clinical application of S100 proteins to predict active renal disease in SLE and response to treatment with RTX.
Predictions for $$B_s \rightarrow {\bar{K}}^* \ell \,\ell $$ in non-universal $$Z'$$ models
Authors: Alok Ashutosh Kumar , Dighe Amol , Gangal Shireen , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe lepton flavor universality violating (LFUV) measurements $$R_K$$RK and $$R_{K^*}$$RK∗ in B meson decays can be accounted for in non-universal $$Z'$$Z′ models. We constrain the couplings of these $$Z'$$Z′ models by performing a global fit to correlated $$b \rightarrow s \ell \ell $$b→sℓℓ and $$b \rightarrow d \ell \ell $$b→dℓℓ processes, and calculate their possible implications for $$B_s \rightarrow {\bar{K}}^*\ell \ell $$Bs→K¯∗ℓℓ observables. For real new physics (NP) couplings, the 1$$\sigma $$σ favored parameters allow the corresponding LFUV ratio $$R_{K^*}^{(s)}$$RK∗(s) in $$B_s \rightarrow {\bar{K}}^*\ell \ell $$Bs→K¯∗ℓℓ to range between 0.8 and 1.2 at low $$q^2$$q2. Complex NP couplings improve the best fit only marginally, however they allow a significant enhancement of the branching ratio, while increasing the range of $$R_{K^*}^{(s)}\ $$RK∗(s)at low $$q^2$$q2 to 0.8–1.8. We find that NP could cause zero-crossing in the forward–backward asymmetry $$A_{FB}$$AFB to shift towards lower $$q^2$$q2 values, and enhancement in the magnitude of integrated $$A_{FB}$$AFB. The CP asymmetry $$A_{CP}$$ACP may be suppressed and even change sign. The simultaneous measurements of integrated $$R_{K^*}^{(s)}\ $$RK∗(s)and $$A_{CP}$$ACP values to 0.1 and 1% respectively, would help in constraining the effective NP Wilson coefficient $$C_9$$C9 in $$ b \rightarrow d \mu \mu $$b→dμμ interactions.
Future research directions for accessible social media
Authors: Gleason Cole , Carrington Patrick , Chilton Lydia B. , Gorman Benjamin , Kacorri Hernisa , Monroy-Hernández Andrés , Morris Meredith Ringel , Tigwell Garreth , Wu Shaomei 
Published: July 2020

Social media platforms are deeply ingrained in society, and they offer many different spaces for people to engage with others. Unfortunately, accessibility barriers prevent people with disabilities from fully participating in these spaces. Social media users commonly post inaccessible media, including videos without captions (which are important for people who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing) and images without alternative text (descriptions read aloud by screen readers for people who are blind). Users with motor impairments must find workarounds to deal with the complex user interfaces of these platforms, and users with cognitive disabilities may face barriers to composing and sharing information.
We invited accessibility researchers, industry practitioners, and end-users with disabilities to come together at the Computer-Supported Cooperative Work conference (CSCW 2019) to discuss challenges and solutions for improving social media accessibility. Over the course of a day that included two panels and breakout sessions, the workshop attendees outlined four critical future research directions to progress on the path to accessible social media: tooling to support disabled people authoring content, developing more accessible formats/tools for new forms of interaction (e.g, Augmented and Mixed Reality), using communities to distribute accessibility labor, and ensuring machine learning systems are built on representative datasets for disability use-cases.
Family History of Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Pastori Daniele , Menichelli Danilo , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Sciacqua Angela , Violi Francesco , Pignatelli Pasquale , Saliola Mirella , Casciaro Marco Antonio , Rende Greta , Vicario Tommasa , Del Sole Francesco , Bucci Tommaso 
Published: July 2020

Background:
To investigate the association between family history of atrial fibrillation (AF) with cardiovascular events (CVEs), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and cardiovascular mortality.

Methods:
Multicenter prospective observational cohort study including 1722 nonvalvular AF patients from February 2008 to August 2019 in Italy. Family history of AF was defined as the presence of AF in a first-degree relative: mother, father, sibling, or children. Primary outcome was a composite of CVEs including fatal/nonfatal ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. Second, we analyzed the association with major adverse cardiac event.

Results:

Mean age was 74.6±9.4 years; 44% of women. Family history of AF was detected in 368 (21.4%) patients, and 3.5% had ≥2 relatives affected by AF. Age of AF onset progressively decreased from patients without family history of AF, compared with those with single and multiple first-degree affected relatives (
P
<0.001). During a mean follow-up of 23.7 months (4606 patients/y) 145 CVEs (3.15%/y), 98 major adverse cardiac event (2.13%/y), and 57 cardiovascular deaths (0.97%/y) occurred. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, family history of AF was associated with a higher risk of CVEs (hazard ratio, 1.524 [95% CI, 1.021–2.274],
P
=0.039), major adverse cardiac event (hazard ratio, 1.917 [95% CI, 1.207–3.045],
P
=0.006), and cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 2.008 [95% CI, 1.047–3.851],
P
=0.036). Subgroup analysis showed that this association was modified by age, sex, and prior ischemic heart disease.

Conclusions:
In a cohort of elderly patients with a high atherosclerotic burden, family history of AF is evident in >20% of patients and was associated with an increased risk for CVEs and mortality.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01882114.
Global Pattern Formation of Net Ocean Surface Heat Flux Response to Greenhouse Warming
Authors: Hu Shineng , Xie Shang-Ping , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study examines global patterns of net ocean surface heat flux changes (ΔQnet) under greenhouse warming in an ocean–atmosphere coupled model based on a heat budget decomposition. The regional structure of ΔQnetis primarily shaped by ocean heat divergence changes (ΔOHD): excessive heat is absorbed by higher-latitude oceans (mainly over the North Atlantic and the Southern Ocean), transported equatorward, and stored in lower-latitude oceans with the rest being released to the tropical atmosphere. The overall global pattern of ΔOHD is primarily due to the circulation change and partially compensated by the passive advection effect, except for the Southern Ocean, which requires further investigations for a more definitive attribution. The mechanisms of North Atlantic surface heat uptake are further explored. In another set of global warming simulations, a perturbation of freshwater removal is imposed over the subpolar North Atlantic to largely offset the CO2-induced changes in the local ocean vertical stratification, barotropic gyre, and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Results from the freshwater perturbation experiments suggest that a significant portion of the positive ΔQnetover the North Atlantic under greenhouse warming is caused by the Atlantic circulation changes, perhaps mainly by the slowdown of AMOC, while the passive advection effect can contribute to the regional variations of ΔQnet. Our results imply that ocean circulation changes are critical for shaping global warming pattern and thus hydrological cycle changes.
Analyzing the Arctic Feedback Mechanism between Sea Ice and Low-Level Clouds Using 34 Years of Satellite Observations
Authors: Philipp Daniel , Stengel Martin , Ahrens Bodo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSatellite-based cloud, radiation flux, and sea ice records covering 34 years are used 1) to investigate autumn cloud cover trends over the Arctic, 2) to assess its relation with declining sea ice using Granger causality (GC) analysis, and 3) to discuss the contribution of the cloud–sea ice (CSI) feedback to Arctic amplification. This paper provides strong evidence for a positive CSI feedback with the capability to contribute to autumnal Arctic amplification. Positive low-level cloud fractional cover (CFClow) trends over the Arctic ice pack are found in October and November (ON) with magnitudes of up to about +9.6% per decade locally. Statistically significant anticorrelations between sea ice concentration (SIC) and CFCloware observed in ON over melting zones, suggesting an association. The GC analysis indicated a causal two-way interaction between SIC and CFClow. Interpreting the resultingFstatistic and its spatial distribution as a relation strength proxy, the influence of SIC on CFClowis likely stronger than the reverse. ERA-Interim reanalysis data suggest that ON CFClowis impacted by sea ice melt through surface–atmosphere coupling via turbulent heat and moisture fluxes. Due to weak solar insolation in ON, net cloud radiative forcing (CRF) exerts a warming effect on the Arctic surface. Increasing CFClowinduces a large-scale surface warming trend reaching magnitudes of up to about +8.3 W m−2per decade locally. Sensitivities of total CRF to CFClowranges between +0.22 and +0.66 W m−2per percent CFClow. Increasing surface warming can cause a melt season lengthening and hinders formation of perennial ice.
Sedentarism and chronic disease risk in COVID 19 lockdown – a scoping review
Authors: Chandrasekaran Baskaran , Ganesan Thiru Balaji 
Published: July 2020

Background & Aims Though viewed as a critical measure to prevent the spread of the virus, a prolonged homestay may result in unfavourable sedentary behaviour and chronic disease risk. This systematic review focuses on sedentary behaviour resulting from this quarantine period which may elevate the cardiovascular disease risk, obesity, hypertension, cancer and mental health illness. Methods Evidence of breaking sedentary behaviour and global recommendations were investigated. Potential unanswered questions regarding sedentary behaviour and physical activity during lockdown were explored. Results Five systematic reviews and six prospective trials explored the effect of sedentarism affecting chronic disease through potential pathophysiological mechanisms. Sedentary behaviour especially prolonged sitting is found to be a pleiotropic risk factor with altered energy expenditure, adipogenic signalling, immunomodulation, autonomic stability and hormonal dysregulation perpetuating underlying chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer and mental health disorders. Conclusion Breaking sitting and physical activity are found to reverse the adverse effects associated with excessive sitting during the lockdown.
Prevalence and predictors of postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants
Authors: Caesario Michael , Fakhri Dicky , Busro Pribadi Wiranda , Purba Salomo , Fitria Liza , Rahmat Budi 
Published: July 2020

Background Data regarding predictors of the eventual need for postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants undergoing open heart surgery is still limited. We aimed to determine whether prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, surgical complexity classified according to Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category, younger age, and lower body weight increase the probability of requiring postoperative peritoneal dialysis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data of 181 infants who underwent open heart surgery at our institution from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Cardiopulmonary bypass time, Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category, age, body weight, and the need for postoperative peritoneal dialysis were recorded and analyzed. Results Thirteen (7.2%) of the 181 patients required postoperative peritoneal dialysis. This group was found to have a longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, younger age, and lower body weight. Longer cardiopulmonary bypass time ( p = 0.001), higher Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery category ( p = 0.018), younger age ( p < 0.001), and lower body weight ( p < 0.001) significantly increased the risk of postoperative peritoneal dialysis. Conclusion Longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, more complex surgery, younger age, and lower body weight increase the probability of requiring postoperative peritoneal dialysis in infants undergoing open heart surgery.
A Proposal on Developing a 360° Agile Organizational Structure by Superimposing Matrix Organizational Structure with Cross-functional Teams
Authors: Kiruba Nagini R.  , Devi S. Uma , Mohamed Sayed 
Published: July 2020

With the growing business opportunities and expanding boundaries, the organizational structure of the companies is becoming highly dynamic with several levels flattened out and branching out horizontally, instead of being vertical. With agility required in all fast-evolving organizations, it is essential to check out for the suitability of the modern organizational structures prevalent, being classified by Mintzberg as ‘entrepreneurial or simple structure, machine bureaucracy, professional bureaucracy, divisional form, and adhocracy or innovative’ (Mintzberg, 1980; Lunenburg, 2012). In this article, we propose a 360° Agile organizational structure which is a hybrid of the matrix organizational structure superimposed with cross-functional teams (CFTs). This article discusses the possibilities of forming smaller teams without compromising the incidence of the essential ‘skills– talents–competencies’, necessary for every single project, thereby superimposing the matrix organizational structure and the CFTs. This article also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this proposed organizational structure. A possible cross-check with regard to the scalability issues has also been made with the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe®) agile HR practices.
Safety of exercise therapy after acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Cires-Drouet Rafael S. , Mayorga-Carlin Minerva , Toursavadkohi Shahab , White Rachel , Redding Emily , Durham Frederick , Dondero Kathleen , Prior Steven J. , Sorkin John D. , Lal Brajesh K 
Published: July 2020

Objective The role of exercise therapy after acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is unknown. Exercise therapy is safely used after myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of exercise therapy after acute PE. Methods We implemented a 3-month exercise program after acute PE. Outcomes were death, bleeding, readmissions, recurrent events, changes in peak VO2 and quality of life (QoL). Results A total of 23 patients were enrolled and received anticoagulation; no adverse events were reported during the exercise period. One death, 1 DVT and 5 readmissions were reported due to non-exercise related reasons. Functional capacity improved as evidenced by an increased peak VO2 at 3 months (+3.9 ± 5.6 mL/kg/min; p = 0.05). Improvement in QoL was observed at 6-months on the functional (+17.0 ± 22.6, p = 0.03) and physical health factor scales (+0.9 ± 4.6, p = 0.03). Conclusion Exercise therapy is feasible and safe in appropriately anticoagulated patients after PE.
Minimal clinically important difference and minimal detectable change of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) amongst patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Katajapuu Niina , Heinonen Ari , Saltychev Mikhail 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to estimate a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and a minimal detectable change (MDC) of the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 amongst patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Setting: Outpatient Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine clinic. Subjects: A total of 1988 consecutive patients with musculoskeletal pain. Interventions: A distribution-based approach was employed to estimate a minimal clinically important difference, a minimal detectable change, and a minimal detectable percent change (MDC%). Results: The mean age of the patients was 48 years, and 65% were women. The average intensity of pain was 6,3 (2.0) points (0–10 numeric rating scale) and the mean WHODAS 2.0 total score was 13 (9) points out of 48. The minimal clinically important difference ranged between 3.1 and 4.7 points. The minimal detectable change was 8.6 points and minimal detectable % change was unacceptably high 66%. Conclusions: Amongst patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 demonstrated a high minimal detectable change of almost nine points. As the minimal detectable change exceeded the level of minimal clinically important difference, nine points were considered to be the amount of change perceived by a respondent as clinically significant.
Optimization of low-dose scan parameters in dual-energy computed tomography for displaying the anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Bai Rui , Li Xiangdong , Li Rurui , He Xiaohua , Wen Zhibo 
Published: July 2020

Objective This study was performed to assess low-dose scan parameters in dual-energy computed tomography (CT) for displaying the anterior cruciate ligament. Methods Dual-energy CT scans with low and standard dose parameters, respectively, were performed in nine human knee joint specimens. Eighteen imaging data sets for cruciate ligament specimens were obtained and processed. Statistical analysis was performed for signal-to-noise ratios of the CT images and subjective scores. Results Comparable signal-to-noise ratios and subjective image quality scores by evaluators in dual-energy CT anterior cruciate ligament images between the low and standard-dose groups were observed. Conclusion Low-dose scan parameters do not compromise the outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament imaging.
CDKN3 expression predicates poor prognosis and regulates adriamycin sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Dai Wei , Fang Shuo , Cai Guanhe , Dai Jialiang , Lin Guotai , Ye Qiurong , Miao Huilai , Chen Ming , Tan Xiaoyu , Chen Nianping , Liu Xiaoguang , Li Mingyi 
Published: July 2020

Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This study investigated the relationship between cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKN)3 and prognosis and pathological characteristics in HCC patients to determine whether it could be used as a prognostic factor and/or therapeutic target for HCC drug development. Methods We previously showed that CDKN3 is deregulated in HCC tumor samples. Here, bioinformatics analysis was used to assess the relationship between CDKN3 gene expression and the characteristics of HCC patients from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Additionally, CDKN3 expression was silenced by small interfering RNA to determine its effect on HCC cell proliferation and on HCC cell sensitivity to adriamycin chemotherapy. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed a negative correlation between CDKN3 expression and both disease-free survival and overall survival. CDKN3 silencing did not significantly suppress the proliferation of HCC cells, but did decrease their sensitivity to adriamycin. Conclusions CDKN3 may have a dual role during the development of HCC, and could be used as an independent prognostic factor and therapeutic target for HCC treatment.