bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steroid hormone secretion after stimulation of mineralocorticoid and NMDA receptors and cardiovascular risk in patients with depression
Authors: Nowacki Jan , Wingenfeld Katja , Kaczmarczyk Michael , Chae Woo Ri , Salchow Paula , Abu-Tir Ikram , Piber Dominique , Hellmann-Regen Julian , Otte Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with altered mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor function, and disturbed glutamatergic signaling. Both systems are closely intertwined and likely contribute not only to the pathophysiology of MDD, but also to the increased cardiovascular risk in MDD patients. Less is known about other steroid hormones, such as aldosterone and DHEA-S, and how they affect the glutamatergic system and cardiovascular disease risk in MDD. We examined salivary cortisol, aldosterone, and DHEA-S secretion after stimulation of MR and glutamatergic NMDA receptors in 116 unmedicated depressed patients, and 116 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Patients (mean age = 34.7 years, SD = ±13.3; 78% women) and controls were randomized to four conditions: (a) control condition (placebo), (b) MR stimulation (0.4 mg fludrocortisone), (c) NMDA stimulation (250 mg D-cycloserine (DCS)), and (d) combined MR/NMDA stimulation (fludrocortisone + DCS). We additionally determined the cardiovascular risk profile in both groups. DCS had no effect on steroid hormone secretion, while cortisol secretion decreased in both fludrocortisone conditions across groups. Independent of condition, MDD patients showed (1) increased cortisol, increased aldosterone, and decreased DHEA-S concentrations, and (2) increased glucose levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with controls. Depressed patients show profound alterations in several steroid hormone systems that are associated both with MDD pathophysiology and increased cardiovascular risk. Prospective studies should examine whether modulating steroid hormone levels might reduce psychopathology and cardiovascular risk in depressed patients.
Tumor-associated macrophages promote ovarian cancer cell migration by secreting transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI) and tenascin C
Authors: Steitz Anna Mary , Steffes Alina , Finkernagel Florian , Unger Annika , Sommerfeld Leah , Jansen Julia M. , Wagner Uwe , Graumann Johannes , Müller Rolf , Reinartz Silke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA central and unique aspect of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is the extensive transcoelomic spreading of tumor cell via the peritoneal fluid or malignant ascites. We and others identified tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in the ascites as promoters of metastasis-associated processes like extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, tumor cell migration, adhesion, and invasion. The precise mechanisms and mediators involved in these functions of TAM are, however, largely unknown. We observed that HGSC migration is promoted by soluble mediators from ascites-derived TAM, which can be emulated by conditioned medium from monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) differentiated in ascites to TAM-like asc-MDM. A similar effect was observed with IL-10-induced alternatively activated m2c-MDM but not with LPS/IFNγ-induced inflammatory m1-MDM. These observations provided the basis for deconvolution of the complex TAM secretome by performing comparative secretome analysis of matched triplets of different MDM phenotypes with different pro-migratory properties (asc-MDM, m2c-MDM, m1-MDM). Mass spectrometric analysis identified an overlapping set of nine proteins secreted by both asc-MDM and m2c-MDM, but not by m1-MDM. Of these, three proteins, i.e., transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) protein, tenascin C (TNC), and fibronectin (FN1), have been associated with migration-related functions. Intriguingly, increased ascites concentrations of TGFBI, TNC, and fibronectin were associated with short progression-free survival. Furthermore, transcriptome and secretome analyses point to TAM as major producers of these proteins, further supporting an essential role for TAM in promoting HGSC progression. Consistent with this hypothesis, we were able to demonstrate that the migration-inducing potential of asc-MDM and m2c-MDM secretomes is inhibited, at least partially, by neutralizing antibodies against TGFBI and TNC or siRNA-mediated silencing of TGFBI expression. In conclusion, the present study provides the first experimental evidence that TAM-derived TGFBI and TNC in ascites promote HGSC progression.
Inhibition of collagen XI alpha 1-induced fatty acid oxidation triggers apoptotic cell death in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Nallanthighal Sameera , Rada Miran , Heiserman James Patrick , Cha Jennifer , Sage Jessica , Zhou Bo , Yang Wei , Hu Ye , Korgaonkar Chaitali , Hanos Christina Terpsithea , Ashkavand Zahra , Norman Kenneth , Orsulic Sandra , Cheon Dong-Joo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCollagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) is a novel biomarker associated with cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying how COL11A1 confers cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer are poorly understood. We identified that fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is upregulated by COL11A1 in ovarian cancer cells and that COL11A1-driven cisplatin resistance can be abrogated by inhibition of FAO. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that COL11A1 also enhances the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis. Interestingly, COL11A1-induced upregulation of fatty acid synthesis and FAO is modulated by the same signaling molecules. We identified that binding of COL11A1 to its receptors, α1β1 integrin and discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), activates Src-Akt-AMPK signaling to increase the expression of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation enzymes, although DDR2 seems to be the predominant receptor. Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis downregulates FAO despite the presence of COL11A1, suggesting that fatty acid synthesis might be a driver of FAO in ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, our results suggest that COL11A1 upregulates fatty acid metabolism in ovarian cancer cells in a DDR2-Src-Akt-AMPK dependent manner. Therefore, we propose that blocking FAO might serve as a promising therapeutic target to treat ovarian cancer, particularly cisplatin-resistant recurrent ovarian cancers which typically express high levels of COL11A1.
Self-sustainable protonic ceramic electrochemical cells using a triple conducting electrode for hydrogen and power production
Authors: Ding Hanping , Wu Wei , Jiang Chao , Ding Yong , Bian Wenjuan , Hu Boxun , Singh Prabhakar , Orme Christopher J. , Wang Lucun , Zhang Yunya , Ding Dong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe protonic ceramic electrochemical cell (PCEC) is an emerging and attractive technology that converts energy between power and hydrogen using solid oxide proton conductors at intermediate temperatures. To achieve efficient electrochemical hydrogen and power production with stable operation, highly robust and durable electrodes are urgently desired to facilitate water oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions, which are the critical steps for both electrolysis and fuel cell operation, especially at reduced temperatures. In this study, a triple conducting oxide of PrNi0.5Co0.5O3-δ perovskite is developed as an oxygen electrode, presenting superior electrochemical performance at 400~600 °C. More importantly, the self-sustainable and reversible operation is successfully demonstrated by converting the generated hydrogen in electrolysis mode to electricity without any hydrogen addition. The excellent electrocatalytic activity is attributed to the considerable proton conduction, as confirmed by hydrogen permeation experiment, remarkable hydration behavior and computations.
Super-resolution imaging reveals the evolution of higher-order chromatin folding in early carcinogenesis
Authors: Xu Jianquan , Ma Hongqiang , Ma Hongbin , Jiang Wei , Mela Christopher A. , Duan Meihan , Zhao Shimei , Gao Chenxi , Hahm Eun-Ryeong , Lardo Santana M. , Troy Kris , Sun Ming , Pai Reet , Stolz Donna B. , Zhang Lin , Singh Shivendra , Brand Randall E. , Hartman Douglas J. , Hu Jing , Hainer Sarah J. , Liu Yang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGenomic DNA is folded into a higher-order structure that regulates transcription and maintains genomic stability. Although progress has been made on understanding biochemical characteristics of epigenetic modifications in cancer, the in-situ higher-order folding of chromatin structure during malignant transformation remains largely unknown. Here, using optimized stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) for pathological tissue (PathSTORM), we uncover a gradual decompaction and fragmentation of higher-order chromatin folding throughout all stages of carcinogenesis in multiple tumor types, and prior to tumor formation. Our integrated imaging, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses reveal functional consequences in enhanced transcription activities and impaired genomic stability. We also demonstrate the potential of imaging higher-order chromatin disruption to detect high-risk precursors that cannot be distinguished by conventional pathology. Taken together, our findings reveal gradual decompaction and fragmentation of higher-order chromatin structure as an enabling characteristic in early carcinogenesis to facilitate malignant transformation, which may improve cancer diagnosis, risk stratification, and prevention.
High density mechanical energy storage with carbon nanothread bundle
Authors: Zhan Haifei , Zhang Gang , Bell John M. , Tan Vincent B. C. , Gu Yuantong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe excellent mechanical properties of carbon nanofibers bring promise for energy-related applications. Through in silico studies and continuum elasticity theory, here we show that the ultra-thin carbon nanothreads-based bundles exhibit a high mechanical energy storage density. Specifically, the gravimetric energy density is found to decrease with the number of filaments, with torsion and tension as the two dominant contributors. Due to the coupled stresses, the nanothread bundle experiences fracture before reaching the elastic limit of any individual deformation mode. Our results show that nanothread bundles have similar mechanical energy storage capacity compared to (10,10) carbon nanotube bundles, but possess their own advantages. For instance, the structure of the nanothread allows us to realize the full mechanical energy storage potential of its bundle structure through pure tension, with a gravimetric energy density of up to 1.76 MJ kg−1, which makes them appealing alternative building blocks for energy storage devices.
TRIM21 and PHLDA3 negatively regulate the crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT pathway and PPP metabolism
Authors: Cheng Jie , Huang Yan , Zhang Xiaohui , Yu Yue , Wu Shumin , Jiao Jing , Tran Linh , Zhang Wanru , Liu Ran , Zhang Liuzhen , Wang Mei , Wang Mengyao , Yan Wenyu , Wu Yilin , Chi Fangtao , Jiang Peng , Zhang Xinxiang , Wu Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPI3K/AKT signaling is known to regulate cancer metabolism, but whether metabolic feedback regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway is unclear. Here, we demonstrate the important reciprocal crosstalk between the PI3K/AKT signal and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) branching metabolic pathways. PI3K/AKT activation stabilizes G6PD, the rate-limiting enzyme of the PPP, by inhibiting the newly identified E3 ligase TIRM21 and promotes the PPP. PPP metabolites, in turn, reinforce AKT activation and further promote cancer metabolic reprogramming by blocking the expression of the AKT inhibitor PHLDA3. Knockout of TRIM21 or PHLDA3 promotes crosstalk and cell proliferation. Importantly, PTEN null human cancer cells and in vivo murine models are sensitive to anti-PPP treatments, suggesting the importance of the PPP in maintaining AKT activation even in the presence of a constitutively activated PI3K pathway. Our study suggests that blockade of this reciprocal crosstalk mechanism may have a therapeutic benefit for cancers with PTEN loss or PI3K/AKT activation.
Multiplex secretome engineering enhances recombinant protein production and purity
Authors: Kol Stefan , Ley Daniel , Wulff Tune , Decker Marianne , Arnsdorf Johnny , Schoffelen Sanne , Hansen Anders Holmgaard , Jensen Tanja Lyholm , Gutierrez Jahir M. , Chiang Austin W. T. , Masson Helen O. , Palsson Bernhard O. , Voldborg Bjørn G. , Pedersen Lasse Ebdrup , Kildegaard Helene Faustrup , Lee Gyun Min , Lewis Nathan E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHost cell proteins (HCPs) are process-related impurities generated during biotherapeutic protein production. HCPs can be problematic if they pose a significant metabolic demand, degrade product quality, or contaminate the final product. Here, we present an effort to create a “clean” Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell by disrupting multiple genes to eliminate HCPs. Using a model of CHO cell protein secretion, we predict that the elimination of unnecessary HCPs could have a non-negligible impact on protein production. We analyze the HCP content of 6-protein, 11-protein, and 14-protein knockout clones. These cell lines exhibit a substantial reduction in total HCP content (40%-70%). We also observe higher productivity and improved growth characteristics in specific clones. The reduced HCP content facilitates purification of a monoclonal antibody. Thus, substantial improvements can be made in protein titer and purity through large-scale HCP deletion, providing an avenue to increased quality and affordability of high-value biopharmaceuticals.
Novel allelic variation in the Phospholipase D alpha1 gene (OsPLDα1) of wild Oryza species implies to its low expression in rice bran
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Neelam Kumari , Kaur Karminderbir , Kitazumi Ai , de los Reyes Benildo G. , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRice bran, a by-product after milling, is a rich source of phytonutrients like oryzanols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, and dietary fibers. Moreover, exceptional properties of the rice bran oil make it unparalleled to other vegetable oils. However, a lipolytic enzyme Phospholipase D alpha1 (OsPLDα1) causes rancidity and ‘stale flavor’ in the oil, and thus limits the rice bran usage for human consumption. To improve the rice bran quality, sequence based allele mining atOsPLDα1locus (3.6 Kb) was performed across 48 accessions representing 11 wildOryzaspecies, 8 accessions of African cultivated rice, and 7Oryza sativacultivars. From comparative sequence analysis, 216 SNPs and 30 InDels were detected at theOsPLDα1 locus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 20OsPLDα1 cDNA variants which further translated into 12 protein variants. TheO. officinalisprotein variant, when compared to Nipponbare, showed maximum variability comprising 22 amino acid substitutions and absence of two peptides and two β-sheets. Further, expression profiling indicated significant differences in transcript abundance within as well as between theOsPLDα1 variants. Also, a newOsPLDα1transcript variant having third exon missing in it,Os01t0172400-06, has been revealed. AnO. officinalisaccession (IRGC101152) had lowest gene expression which suggests the presence of novel allele, named asOsPLDα1-1a(GenBank accession no. MF966931). The identified novel allele could be further deployed in the breeding programs to overcome rice bran rancidity in elite cultivars.
Preparation of TiO2-modified Biochar and its Characteristics of Photo-catalysis Degradation for Enrofloxacin
Authors: Wang Wen , Zhang Jing , Chen Tianya , Sun Jing , Ma Xiulan , Wang Yujun , Wang Jihong , Xie Zhonglei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn order to solve the problem that the traditional biochar(BC) has insufficient removal ability of enrofloxacin and TiO2 is difficult to recycle. In this study, TiO2-modified biochar composites were prepared by impregnation method. Through characterization analysis, The BET specific surface area results indicated that after loading TiO2, the specific surface area of TiO2-biochar(Ti-BC), TiO2-ironized biochar(Ti-FBC) and TiO2-alkaline biochar(Ti-KBC) increased by 4.34, 10.43 and 11.52 times, respectively. The analysis results of SEM, EDS, FT-IR, XRD and XPS showed that TiO2 was supported on biochar in the anatase state. The UV-vis DRS measurement showed that the band width of Ti-KBC was the smallest and the best catalytic activity. Under 15 W UV lamp (254 nm) irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation process of enrofloxacin by different biochar accords with the first-order kinetic equation. Ti-KBC showed best degradation effect under different initial concentrations of enrofloxacin. When the pH of the solution was 5.0 and the dosage of Ti-KBC was at 2.5 g·L−1, the enrofloxacin degradation rate of 100 mg·L−1 reached 85.25%. The quenching test confirmed that the active substance O2•— played a major role in the photocatalytic degradation process. After five cycles of the test, the degradation rate of Ti-KBC for enrofloxacin was 77.14%, which was still better than that of BC, Ti-BC and Ti-FBC.
Effects of Balneotherapy in Jeju Magma-Seawater on Knee Osteoarthritis Model
Authors: Kim Choong-Gon , Lee Dae-Geon , Oh Jina , Lee Youn-Ho , Lee Young Joon , Song Phil Hyun , Song Chang-Hyun , Ku Sae-Kwang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBalneotherapy is a common non-pharmacological treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), however, the efficacy is controversial in knee OA. Jeju magma-seawater (JMS) has high contents of various minerals, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties via an oral route. Thus, we examined the effects of JMS bathing on knee OA and the combination effects with diclofenac sodium as an anti-inflammatory drug. Knee OA was induced by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament and the partial meniscectomy in rat. The rats were administered subcutaneously saline or diclofenac sodium in saline, followed by bathing in thermal distilled water or JMS for 8 weeks. The model represented the characteristic changes of the cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation and synovial inflammation, and the relevant symptoms of the joint swelling and stiffness. However, the JMS bathing reduced the joint thickness and improved the mobility. It also contributed to a well-preserved tissue supported by increases in bone mineral density of the joint and decreases in Mankin scores in the cartilages. The effects involved anti-inflammation, chondroprotection, anti-apoptosis, and chondrogenesis. Overall, the JMS bathing in combination with diclofenac sodium showed a similar trend associated with synergic effects. It suggests that JMS bathing can be promising for a clinical use in knee OA.
Matrix Gla protein is an independent predictor of both intimal and medial vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Jaminon Armand M. G. , Dai Lu , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Evenepoel Pieter , Ripsweden Jonaz , Söderberg Magnus , Witasp Anna , Olauson Hannes , Schurgers Leon J. , Stenvinkel Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMatrix Gla protein (MGP) is a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification (VC) and requires carboxylation by vitamin K to exert calcification inhibition. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergo early vascular aging often involving extensive VC. The present cross-sectional study investigated the association between circulating dp-ucMGP levels, MGP expression in vascular tissue and MGP polymorphisms. In 141 CKD stage 5 patients, CAC score was significantly increased in the highest tertile of dp-ucMGP (p = 0.002), and a high medial VC score was associated with elevated dp-ucMGP levels. MGP vascular expression was associated with increased circulating dp-ucMGP and CAC scores. MGP SNP analysis revealed that patients homozygous for the C allele of the rs1800801 variant had a higher CAC score (median 15 [range 0–1312]) compared to patients carrying a T allele (median 0 [range 0–966] AU). These results indicate that plasma levels of dp-ucMGP are an independent predictor of increased VC in CKD5 patients and correlate with both higher CAC scores and degree of medial calcification. Additionally, high vascular expression of MGP was associated with higher CAC scores and plasma dp-ucMGP levels. Taken together, our results support that MGP is involved in the pathogenesis of VC.
HLA class II genotyping of admixed Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes according to self-reported color/race in a nationwide study
Authors: Santos Deborah Conte , Porto Luís Cristóvão , Oliveira Romulo Vianna , Secco Danielle , Hanhoerderster Leonardo , Pizarro Marcela Haas , Barros Bianca S. V. , Mello Laura G. N. , Muniz Luiza Harcar , Silva Dayse A. , Gomes Marília Brito 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe HLA region is responsible for almost 50% of the genetic risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, haplotypes and their effects on risk or protection vary among different ethnic groups, mainly in an admixed population. We aimed to evaluate the HLA class II genetic profile of Brazilian individuals with T1D and its relationship with self-reported color/race. This was a nationwide multicenter study conducted in 10 Brazilian cities. We included 1,019 T1D individuals and 5,116 controls matched for the region of birth and self-reported color/race. Control participants belonged to the bone marrow transplant donor registry of Brazil (REDOME). HLA-class II alleles (DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1) were genotyped using the SSO and NGS methods. The most frequent risk and protection haplotypes wereHLA~DRB1*03:01~DQA1*05:01 g~DQB1*02:01(OR 5.8, p < 0.00001) andHLA~DRB1*07:01~DQA1*02:01~DQB1*02:02(OR 0.54, p < 0.0001), respectively, regardless of self-reported color/race. HaplotypesHLA~DRB1*03:01~DQA1*05:01 g~DQB1*02:01andHLA~DRB1*04:02~DQA1*03:01 g~DQB1*03:02were more prevalent in the self-reported White group than in the Black group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). The frequency of haplotype HLA~DRB1*09:01~DQA1*03:01 g~DQB1*02:02was higher in individuals self-reported as Black than White (p = <0.00001). No difference between the Brazilian geographical regions was found. Individuals with T1D presented differences in frequencies of haplotypes within self-reported color/race, but the more prevalent haplotypes, regardless of self-reported color/race, were the ones described previously in Europeans. We hypothesize that, in the T1D population of Brazil, although highly admixed, the disease risk alleles come mostly from Europeans as a result of centuries of colonization and migration.
Enhancement of silicon modulating properties in the THz range by YAG-Ce coating
Authors: Li Jiu-sheng , Hu Mu-shu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractY3Al5-xGaxO12:Ce3+,V3+ (YAG:Ce) has excellent chemical stability and unprecedented luminous efficiency. Its strong photoresponsive property is thoroughly utilized in designing excellent optical information storage device. Here, the remarkable photoconductivity of YAG:Ce is exploited to demonstrate a hybrid YAG:Ce-silicon device that shows high speed terahertz wave spatial modulation. A wide terahertz spectra modulation is observed under different pump powers in frequency range from 0.2 to 1.8 THz. Furthermore, a dynamic control of the terahertz wave intensity is also observed in the transmission system. The modulation speed and depth of the device is measured to be 4 MHz (vs 0.2 kHz)and 83.8%(vs50%) for bare silicon, respectively. The terahertz transmission spectra exhibits highly efficiency terahertz modulation by optically pumping a YAG:Ce film on silicon with low optical pump fluence.