bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating adolescent social anxiety symptoms: the effects of social support and social self-efficacy in findings from the Young-HUNT 3 study
Authors: Aune Tore , Juul Else Marie Lysfjord , Beidel Deborah C. , Nordahl Hans M. , Dvorak Robert D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAdolescents’ exposure to negative life events (NLEs) and potentially traumatic events is highly prevalent and increases their risk of developing psychological disorders considerably. NLE exposure has also been linked to the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD) among older children and young adolescents. Despite the relatively low treatment efficacy reported for children and adolescents suffering from SAD, few studies have addressed the extent to which resilience factors, such as social support and social self-efficacy, are associated with SAD symptoms. This study examined whether social support and social self-efficacy predict, and buffer against SAD symptoms using a large, population-based sample of adolescents, among whom a large proportion have experienced NLEs. The results reveal that NLEs are significantly associated with SAD symptoms, while social support and social self-efficacy are both negatively associated with SAD symptoms. Only the NLEs × social support interaction significantly predicted SAD symptoms, with social support attenuating the association between NLEs and SAD symptoms. Moreover, increases in both social self-efficacy and social support were associated with reduced SAD symptoms, over and above variance explained by social support alone. Our cumulative results suggest that interventions that can modify both social support and social self-efficacy may help reduce SAD symptoms in at-risk adolescents.
A scoping review and assessment of essential elements of shared decision-making of parent-involved interventions in child and adolescent mental health
Authors: Liverpool Shaun , Pereira Brent , Hayes Daniel , Wolpert Miranda , Edbrooke-Childs Julian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractParents play a critical role in child and adolescent mental health care and treatment. With the increasing implementation of shared decision-making (SDM) across health settings, there is a growing need to understand the decision support interventions used to promote SDM in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). The overall aim of this review is to identify and examine the existing decision support interventions available for parents. A broad search was conducted using the key concepts “shared decision-making”, “parents” and “child and adolescent mental health”. Five electronic databases were searched: PsycInfo, Embase, Medline, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. In addition to these relevant databases, we searched the Ottawa’s Inventory of Decision Aids, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario website, Google, Google Play and known CAMHS’ websites. The search identified 23 interventions available for use with parents. These interventions targeted parents providing care for children with ADHD, ASD, emotional and behavioural problems including depression (EBD), self-harm or universal mental health care. Various modalities including face-to-face, digital and paper-based versions were adopted. The majority of the interventions were able to “present options” (87%) and “discuss the pros and cons” (83%) of treatment. Time, accessibility and appropriateness of the intervention emerged as factors influencing usage and implementation of interventions. Our findings suggest that SDM interventions involving parents have been implemented differently across various presenting mental health difficulties in CAMHS. This review brings awareness of existing parent-involved interventions and has implications for the development, implementation and usage of new interventions.
Association of cytokine patterns and clinical/laboratory parameters, medication and periodontal burden in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Authors: Patschan S. , Bothmann L. , Patschan D. , Henze E. , Schmalz G. , Ritter O. , Ziebolz D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo evaluate serum levels of the following cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis subjects with periodontal disease: Interleukin-6, -10, -17, and -23. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis frequently suffer from periodontal disease. Both diseases partly result from a dysregulated immune response. The current study aimed to quantify Interleukin-6, -10, -17, and -23 levels in rheumatoid arthritis. It should be investigated if the periodontal disease would have additional modifying effects. A total of 157 patients were included. Serum levels of IL-6, -10, -17, and -23 were measured by ELISA. Serum IL-10 increased with longer duration of morning stiffness and with higher rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide titres. IL-10 was also elevated with longer duration of prednisolone (< 5 mg daily) and leflunomide therapy. Subjects with lower erythrocyte sedimentation rate/longer leflunomide therapy displayed more missing teeth/more clinical attachment loss. IL-17 was higher in subjects with fewer missing teeth if the following criteria were fulfilled: shorter prednisolone (< 5 mg) and methotrexate therapy, more swollen joints, longer morning stiffness. IL-23 finally was increased in subjects with higher rheumatoid factor and in those with higher periodontal probing depth/clinical attachment loss in the following situations: lower rheumatoid factor and shorter leflunomide therapy. Subjects suffering from dental/periodontal burden show an aberrant systemic cytokine availability of serum IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and IL-23 related to disease activity and medication. This examination underlines the complexity of potential interactions between disease activity and medication related to periodontal burden.
Vertrauen und Führung im Kontext digitaler Arbeit
Authors: Jäckel Ariane 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag der Zeitschrift „Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO)“ untersucht die Relevanz von Vertrauen zwischen Führungskraft und Mitarbeiter im Kontext der Digitalisierung und kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass Vertrauen in Zukunft noch bedeutsamer wird. Der Beitrag gelangt zu dieser Erkenntnis, indem er die psycho-sozialen Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf organisationaler Ebene identifiziert und systematisch die möglichen Wirkzusammenhänge zu Vertrauen analysiert. Die Analyse ergibt, dass sich die Zahl der Anwendungsfelder für Vertrauen im Kontext der Digitalisierung deutlich erhöht, Machtausübung als alternatives Konzept an Potenzial verliert und Kontrolle die Funktion von Vertrauen sowie dessen positive Auswirkungen nicht ersetzen, aber ergänzen kann. Spezifische Implikationen zum Aufbau von Vertrauensbeziehungen im Kontext digitaler Arbeitswelten schließen diesen Beitrag ab.
Interdenominational Cooperation in Religious New Media Projects: the Case of the Christian Media Center
Authors: Martini Michele 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, macro religious institutions have undergone a process of digitalisation that enabled them to incorporate Internet Communication Technologies in their organisational infrastructure. Stemming from digital religion scholarship, the research presented in this paper relate to a study of the philosophy and functioning of an innovative Catholic media enterprise called Christian Media Center (CMC). Based in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the CMC was established through the cooperation between the long-standing Franciscan Order and the technology-savvy Brazilian community of Canção Nova. Accordingly, this paper asks: which forms of interdenominational negotiation are involved in the functioning of the CMC? Drawing on interviews conducted during three years, this research will outline the process of internal negotiation required by the development of this Catholic new media project and propose possible directions for future research.
Efficacy of single and repeated administration of ketamine in unipolar and bipolar depression: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Kryst Joanna , Kawalec Paweł , Mitoraj Alicja Mikrut , Pilc Andrzej , Lasoń Władysław , Brzostek Tomasz 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Due to unmet clinical needs for efficient drugs with a rapid onset of antidepressant effects, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of single-dose ketamine in different subgroups of patients with major depression and establish whether repeated ketamine administration could be a viable strategy to maintain treatment gains.

Methods
Electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Trip Database) were systematically searched until February 22, 2019, for published peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning a single and repeated administration of ketamine in patients with major depression. All relevant RCTs were selected and critically appraised, and a meta-analysis of eligible studies was performed.

Results
A total of 20 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The largest effect of ketamine vs. controls in reducing depressive symptoms was observed at 24 h (SMD = − 0.89; 95% CI − 1.24; − 0.53; p < 0.00001); however, a significant difference was shown for up to 7 days after a single dose. Significant differences compared with controls were observed for up to 7 days in treatment-resistant patients and when ketamine was added to ongoing antidepressant treatment, while there were no significant differences at 7 days when ketamine was used as monotherapy. In patients with major depression, initial antidepressant effects of ketamine were maintained during repeated dosing. At 2–3 weeks of repeated ketamine treatment, significant reduction of depression severity scores was observed: SMD = − 0.70; 95% CI − 1.15; − 0.25 or SMD = − 0.81; 95% CI − 1.41; − 0.20 (depending on the dosing regimen used); p ≤ 0.009 vs placebo.

Conclusions
Our meta-analysis revealed rapid and robust antidepressant effects of single-dose ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). By pooling data from RCTs, we showed for the first time that repeated ketamine administration is effective in sustaining initial antidepressant effects observed after single dosing.
Population pharmacokinetics of standard-dose meropenem in critically ill patients on continuous renal replacement therapy: a prospective observational trial
Authors: Onichimowski Dariusz , Będźkowska Anita , Ziółkowski Hubert , Jaroszewski Jerzy , Borys Michał , Czuczwar Mirosław , Wiczling Paweł 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The primary objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of meropenem, based on the population of critically ill adult patients undergoing CRRT. The secondary one was to examine the relationship between patient characteristics (covariates) and individual PK parameters. Finally, we aimed to perform Monte Carlo simulations to assess the probability of target attainment (PTA) of %T > MIC considering the uncertainty of PK parameters.

Materials and methods
The study population included 19 adult critically ill patients on CRRT, receiving 1 g of meropenem in 1-h infusions every 8 h. Blood samples were collected prior to (time zero) and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 480 min after the start of meropenem administration. Population nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was conducted using NONMEM software, Fortran, and Wings for NONMEM.

Results
A two-compartment model was used to describe the available data. Typical values of the central and peripheral volume of distribution, and the CRRT and inter-compartmental clearance for a theoretical patient with 24.6 g/l albumin concertation were V1 = 27.9 l, V2 = 33.7 l, ClCRRT = 15.1 l/h, and Q = 21.1 l/h. A significant covariate relationship between V1 and albumin concentration was observed in the data that was described by a power relationship with − 2.87 exponent. Subsequently performed Monte Carlo simulations of the model allowed us to assess the impact of albumin concentration on PTA. The 40%T > 2 mg/l target was reached in more than 90% of subjects after 1-h infusion of 1000 mg q8h and steady-state conditions. The more stringent 100%T > 2 mg/l target requires higher doses and/or longer infusion durations that depend on the albumin concentration.

Conclusions
The population PK model was successfully developed to describe the time course of meropenem concentrations. The hypoalbuminemia was found to be associated with higher PTA in the CRRT patients after multiple short-term infusions.
Allocation of Scarce Resources in a Pandemic: A Systematic Review of US State Crisis Standards of Care Documents
Authors: Romney Douglas , Fox Hannah , Carlson Stephanie , Bachmann Daniel , O’Mathuna Donal , Kman Nicholas 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe aim of this systematic review was to locate and analyze United States state crisis standards of care (CSC) documents to determine their prevalence and quality. Following PRISMA guidelines, Google search for “allocation of scarce resources” and “crisis standards of care (CSC)” for each state. We analyzed the plans based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, which provided guidance for establishing CSC for use in disaster situations, as well as the 2014 CHEST consensus statement’s 11 core topic areas. The search yielded 42 state documents, and we excluded 11 that were not CSC plans. Of the 31 included plans, 13 plans were written for an “all hazards” approach, while 18 were pandemic influenza specific. Eighteen had strong ethical grounding. Twenty-one plans had integrated and ongoing community and provider engagement, education, and communication. Twenty-two had assurances regarding legal authority and environment. Sixteen plans had clear indicators, triggers, and lines of responsibility. Finally, 28 had evidence-based clinical processes and operations. Five plans contained all 5 IOM elements: Arizona, Colorado, Minnesota, Nevada, and Vermont. Colorado and Minnesota have all hazards documents and processes for both adult and pediatric populations and could be considered exemplars for other states.
Drawing on Israel’s Experience Organizing Volunteers to Operationalize Drive-Through Coronavirus Testing Centers
Authors: Kim Edward 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTTo increase the country’s capacity to test and track suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, Israel launched drive-through testing centers in key cities, including Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Be’er Sheva, and Haifa. This article examines the challenges that the national emergency medical services and volunteers faced in the process of implementing drive-through testing centers to offer lessons learned and direction to health-care professionals in other countries.
Investigating the Determinants of High Case-Fatality Rate for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Italy
Authors: Barone-Adesi Francesco , Ragazzoni Luca , Schmid Maurizio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCase-Fatality Rate (CFR) for COVID-19 in Italy is apparently much higher than in other countries. Using data from Italy and other countries we evaluated the role of different determinants of this phenomenon. We found that the Italian testing strategy could explain an important part of the observed difference in CFR. In particular, the majority of patients that are currently tested in Italy have severe clinical symptoms that usually require hospitalization and this translates to a large CFR. We are confident that, once modifications in the testing strategy leading to higher population coverage are consistently adopted in Italy, CFR will realign with the values reported worldwide.
Neurocognitive hacking
Authors: Heslen John J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article presents a discussion of neurocognitive hacking and its potential for use at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels of cyber conflict. Neurocognitive hacking refers to the ability to activate specific neural areas of the brain, via subliminal or supraliminal stimuli, to shape the behavioral outcomes of an adversary. Research suggests that awareness of mortality-related stimuli has neural correlates in the right amygdala and left anterior cingulate cortex and mediates negative behavior toward out-group members, including unconscious discriminatory behavior. Given its in-group/out-group dynamic, the phenomenon could be exploited for use in information operations toward target populations, specifically ones that are multiethnic, multicultural, or multireligious. Although development of the theoretical framework behind neurocognitive hacking is ongoing, mortality-related stimuli are proposed to activate one’s unconscious vigilance system to further evaluate the locus and viability of the suspect stimuli. Research suggests that the subsequent discriminatory affective reactions directed toward out-group members are representative of automatic heuristics evolved to protect the organism in the event a stimulus represents a more serious threat to survival. Therefore, presenting mortality-related stimuli over computer networks to targeted audiences may facilitate the ingestion of tailored propaganda or shaping of specific behavioral outcomes within a population, including sowing division in a target community or weakening support for a specific political regime.
Application of triplex-PCR with an innovative combination of 3 pairs of primers for the detection of milk's animal origin in cheese and yoghurt
Authors: Tsirigoti Evanthia , Katsirma Zoi , Papadopoulos Athanasios I. , Samouris Georgios , Ekateriniadou Loukia V. , Boukouvala Evridiki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this research communication we describe an innovative protocol that combines three pairs of primers, two from the literature and one designed in our laboratory, for application in triplex-PCR on somatic cell DNA to enable identification of the species origin (cow, sheep, goat) of cheeses and yogurts with a detection limit of 0.1%. Mislabeling was detected in 15 out of 40 cheeses and in 18 out of 40 yogurts tested. The suggested procedure is a quick and reliable tool for identifying the animal origin of cheeses and yogurts and it can be used to certify product reliability on the domestic and international market. Additionally, in combination with a serological test it can offer a reliable tool for detecting the presence of cow's whey.
Selenium biofortified alfalfa hay fed in low quantities improves selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity in transition dairy cows and their calves
Authors: Jaaf Shana , Batty Brandon , Krueger Angela , Estill Charles T. , Bionaz Massimo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe hypothesis of the study was that feeding a relatively low amount of Se biofortified alfalfa hay during the dry period and early lactation would improve selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity in dairy cows and their calves. Ten Jersey and 8 Holstein primiparous dairy cows were supplemented with Se biofortified (TRT; n = 9) or non-biofortified (CTR; n = 9) alfalfa hay at a rate of 1 kg/100 kg of BW mixed with the TMR from 40 d prior parturition to 2 weeks post-partum. Se concentration in whole blood, liver, milk, and colostrum, the transfer of Se to calves, and the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were assessed. TRT had 2-fold larger (P < 0.05) Se in blood v. CTR that resulted in larger Se in liver and colostrum but not milk and larger GPx activity in plasma and erythrocytes but not in milk. Compared to CTR, calves from TRT had larger Se in blood but only a numerical (P = 0.09) larger GPx activity in plasma. A positive correlation was detected between Se in the blood and GPx activity in erythrocytes and plasma in cows. Our results demonstrated that feeding pregnant primiparous dairy cows with a relatively low amount of Se-biofortified alfalfa hay is an effective way to increase Se in the blood and liver, leading to greater antioxidant activity via GPx. The same treatment was effective in improving Se concentration in calves but had a modest effect on their GPx activity. Feeding Se biofortified hay increased Se concentration in colostrum but not in milk.
Julius Verus and the Abandonment of Antonine Scotland
Authors: Hanson W.S. , Breeze D.J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe abandonment of the Roman occupation of Scotland in the governorship of Julius Verus is seen as deliberate, ordered and, so far as we can see, peaceful. It is argued that the withdrawal is linked to an ongoing shortage of military manpower in Britain, brought to a head by the transfer ina.d. 158 of legionary vexillations to the German provinces (attested byRIB1322) to assist with the reconfiguration of the frontier there.
Narrating ‘potential’: older knowledge workers’ anticipatory narratives about their future employment
Authors: Handley Karen , den Outer Birgit 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article examines the narratives of 24 knowledge workers aged 48–58 as they anticipate their future employment and employability. The term knowledge worker is used to indicate occupational roles such as software engineer, academic, architect, manager and lawyer, where work involves non-routine problem-solving using ‘intellectual assets’. Four narrative patterns about future employment are presented: winding down, reorienting ‘self’ away from work, seeking progression and renewal. These patterns reveal contrasting self-evaluations of employability and potential. We argue that employability is not a straightforward function of human capital, which usually refers to experience, knowledge and qualifications. We show through our data how judgements about a person's employability – both self-evaluations as well as evaluations by others – are complicated by social norms and cultural understandings of ‘potential’. Strategies to signal one's potential become more complex and sometimes less effective for older knowledge workers. We contend that a person's age influences others’ evaluations of their employment potential, such that the relationship between attributed merit (based largely on past experience) and attributed potential (based on assumptions about a person's future) is inverted as workers become older. The findings have implications for public policies such as ‘Extending Working Lives’. Policies that remove legal and institutional barriers to extended working lives may be only partially successful without changes to cultural attitudes about older workers’ employment potential.
Gentlemen regulators: landlord/tenant conflict and the making of moral economy in early nineteenth-century Ireland
Authors: Dunne Terry 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe central contention of this article is that early nineteenth-century Irish landlords were constrained in their ability to control their estates by the prospect of peasant resistance. The apex of that resistance took the form of what are generically known as whiteboy movements, and this article examines the impact of one particular such movement, the Whitefeet, active in the East Midlands and South-East in the early 1830s. The article argues that two forms of landlord versus tenant conflicts can be identified: an absolute form, in which landlords (or sublettingrentierscalled middlemen) behaved as if they had absolute rights over their properties and were the victims of retaliatory violence; and a negotiated form, in which landlords (or their agents) proceeded in a more restrained, and piecemeal fashion, and compromised in the face of opposition. The fact that the magistracy, at least in some instances, condemned the practitioners of absolute conflict would suggest that more measured approaches were the socially accepted norm, precisely because of the potential for retaliatory violence. The article will conclude with a discussion framing the foregoing in terms of moral economy. It will be argued that the balance between landlord power and tenant resistance created a grudging acceptance of respective rights.