bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer Assessment in a Blended Translation Course: Students’ Perceptions, Motivation and their Self-perceived Translational Skill Development
Authors: Huynh Thi Lan , Thuy Nguyen Uyen Nu 
Published: March 2020

Peer assessment (PA) has become as an influential educational tool in higher education for many years. However, there is little evidence about technology-facilitated PA in the field of Translation. Therefore, this study attempts to fill in the gap in the literature with an aim to scrutinize the students’ perceptions and motivation toward the adoption of a five-week online PA activity in a Translation course. The correlation between students’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and self-perceived skill enhancement is further explored. In order to gather research data, thirty-six third-year students were asked to respond to two questionnaires about the perceptions and motivation of online PA in a five-point Likert-type scale. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze the collected data. A number of findings have been revealed by the end of the study. Firstly, the students exhibited a highly positive perception and a high level of motivation in participating in this online task. Secondly, throughout the activity, the participants valued intrinsic motivational factors more importantly than extrinsic ones. Thirdly, the findings highlighted that intrinsic motivation stood out to be the significant predictor of self-perceived translation skill improvement, whereas no statistically significant relationship between extrinsic motivation and a sense of skill enhancement suggested a negligible impact of external factors perceived by students. Potential implications for translation pedagogy and research are also included in the study. The results of this pioneering study, consequently, add to the scarce literature in the local translation landscape by proposing a possible alternative to the face-to-face peer assessment format as well as paving the way for future peer assessment practice and research in blended learning courses.
Pan-cancer systematic identification of lncRNAs associated with cancer prognosis
Authors: Ung Matthew , Schaafsma Evelien , Mattox Daniel , Wang George L. , Cheng Chao 
Published: March 2020

Background
The “dark matter” of the genome harbors several non-coding RNA species including Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have been implicated in neoplasia but remain understudied. RNA-seq has provided deep insights into the nature of lncRNAs in cancer but current RNA-seq data are rarely accompanied by longitudinal patient survival information. In contrast, a plethora of microarray studies have collected these clinical metadata that can be leveraged to identify novel associations between gene expression and clinical phenotypes.

Methods
In this study, we developed an analysis framework that computationally integrates RNA-seq and microarray data to systematically screen 9,463 lncRNAs for association with mortality risk across 20 cancer types.

Results
In total, we identified a comprehensive list of associations between lncRNAs and patient survival and demonstrate that these prognostic lncRNAs are under selective pressure and may be functional. Our results provide valuable insights that facilitate further exploration of lncRNAs and their potential as cancer biomarkers and drug targets.
Effect of racial bias on composite construction
Authors: Bhardwaj Kavya , Hole Graham 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe investigated how prior bias about a face's racial characteristics can affect its encoding and resultant facial composite construction. In total, 61 participants (24 Europeans, 18 Indians living in India and 19 Indians living in Europe) saw a racially ambiguous unfamiliar face and were led to believe it was either European or Indian. They created a composite of this face, using EFIT6. Two groups of independent raters (one Indian, the other European) then assessed the apparent race of each composite. A different two groups (one Indian, one European) assessed each composite's degree of resemblance to the target face, to determine whether this was influenced by the constructors' initial categorisation of the target face as “own‐race” or “other‐race.” Composites appeared significantly more “Asian” or “European” according to the bias induced in their creators, but there was no evidence of any own‐race bias in the resemblance ratings for the composites.
Mechanical Regulation of Endocytosis: New Insights and Recent Advances
Authors: Joseph Jophin G. , Liu Allen P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEndocytosis is a mechanosensitive process. It involves remodeling of the plasma membrane from a flat shape to a budded morphology, often at the sub‐micrometer scale. This remodeling process is energy‐intensive and is influenced by mechanical factors such as membrane tension, membrane rigidity, and physical properties of cargo and extracellular surroundings. The cellular responses to a variety of mechanical factors by distinct endocytic pathways are important for cells to counteract rapid and extreme disruptions in the mechanohomeostasis of cells. Recent advances in microscopy and mechanical manipulation at the cellular scale have led to new discoveries of mechanoregulation of endocytosis by the aforementioned factors. While factors such as membrane tension and membrane rigidity are generally shown to inhibit endocytosis, other mechanical stimuli have complex relationships with endocytic pathways. At this juncture, it is now possible to utilize experimental techniques to interrogate theoretical predictions on mechanoregulation of endocytosis in cells and even living organisms.
Enhanced Single‐Chain Magnet Behavior via Anisotropic Exchange in a Cyano‐Bridged MoIII–MnII Chain
Authors: Shi Le , Shao Dong , Wei Xiao‐Qin , Dunbar Kim R. , Wang Xin‐Yi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnisotropic magnetic exchange is of great value for the design of high performance molecular nanomagnets. In the present work, enhanced single‐chain magnet (SCM) behavior is observed for a MoIII–MnII chain that exhibits anisotropic magnetic exchange. Self‐assembly of the pentagonal bipyramidal [Mo(CN)7]4− anion and the MnII unit with a tridentate ligand results in a neutral double zigzag 2,4‐ribbon structure which exhibits SCM behavior with a high relaxation barrier of 178(4) K. Open magnetic hysteresis loops are observed below 5.2 K, with a coercive field of 1.5 T at 2 K. Interestingly, this SCM can be considered to be a result of a step‐wise process based on our previously reported Mn2Mo single‐molecule magnets (SMMs).
Semiconducting Polycomplex Nanoparticles for Photothermal Ferrotherapy of Cancer
Authors: He Shasha , Jiang Yuyan , Li Jingchao , Pu Kanyi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study reports the development of iron‐chelated semiconducting polycomplex nanoparticles (SPFeN) for photoacoustic (PA) imaging‐guided photothermal ferrotherapy of cancer. The hybrid polymeric nanoagent comprises a ferroptosis initiator (Fe3+) and an amphiphilic semiconducting polycomplex (SPC) serving as both the photothermal nanotransducer and iron ion chelator. By virtue of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) grafting and its small size, SPFeN accumulates in the tumor of living mice after systemic administration, which can be monitored by PA imaging. In the acidic tumor microenvironment, SPFeN generates hydroxyl radicals, leading to ferroptosis; meanwhile, under NIR laser irradiation, it generates localized heat to not only accelerate the Fenton reaction but also implement photothermal therapy. Such a combined photothermal ferrotherapeutic effect of SPFeN leads to minimized dosage of iron compared to previous studies and effectively inhibits the tumor growth in living mice, which is not possible for the controls.
A Spectroscopic Study of Electrochemical Nitrogen and Nitrate Reduction on Rhodium Surfaces
Authors: Yao Yao , Zhu Shangqian , Wang Haijiang , Li Hui , Shao Minhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRh is a promising electrocatalyst for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) given its suitable nitrogen‐adsorption energy and low overpotential. However, the NRR pathway on Rh surfaces remains unknown. In this study, we employ surface‐enhanced infrared‐absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) to study the reaction mechanism of NRR on Rh. N2Hx (0≤x≤2) is detected with a N=N stretching mode at ≈2020 cm−1 by SEIRAS and a signal at m/z=29 by DEMS. A new two‐step reaction pathway on Rh surfaces is proposed that involves an electrochemical process with a two‐electron transfer to form N2H2 and its subsequent decomposition in the electrolyte producing NH3. Our results also indicate that nitrate reduction and the NRR share the same reaction intermediate N2Hx.
Discovery of Novel Autophagy Inhibitors and Their Sensitization Abilities for Vincristine‐Resistant Esophageal Cancer Cell Line Eca109/VCR
Authors: Shan Changyu , Hui Wenqi , Li Hongwei , Wang Zheng , Guo Chunling , Peng Ruikun , Gu Jing , Chen Yingchun , Ouyang Qin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResistance phenomena, especially acquired drug resistance, have been severely hampering the application of chemotherapeutics during cancer chemotherapy. Autophagy plays a role in maintaining the survival of cancer cells and might mediate resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Herein, a new series of 5‐amino‐2‐ether‐benzamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as autophagy inhibitors. Selected from 14 synthesized compounds as lead autophagy inhibitor, N‐(cyclohexylmethyl)‐5‐(((cyclohexylmethyl)amino)methyl)‐2‐((4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)oxy)benzamide (4 d) showed the most obvious effect of LC3B protein conversion. Further, its autophagy inhibition, evaluated by using transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy, showed that the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes in the final stage of autophagic flux was suppressed. We also found that 4 d could enhance the chemosensitivity of vincristine in vincristine‐resistant esophageal cancer cell line Eca109/VCR in a synergistic, associative manner. Moreover, a computational study showed that 4 d might bind with p62‐zz to inhibit autophagy. We also found 4 d to be relatively less cytotoxic to normal cells versus cancer cells than the reported p62‐zz inhibitor.
Emergency egress for the elderly in care home fire situations
Authors: Folk Lauren , Gonzales Kiara , Gales John , Kinsey Michael , Carattin Elisabetta , Young Tim 
Published: March 2020

SummaryPractitioners are continuing to develop egress modelling software for the design of the built environment. These models require data about human behaviour and factors for calibration, validation and verification. This study aims to address the specific data and knowledge gap: emergency egress of the elderly. Such data are difficult to collect given privacy and consent concerns, with strong relationships generally being required between residences and researchers. Through the observation of nine fire drills at six Canadian long‐term care (LTC) and retirement homes, specific evacuation actions and behaviour were observed for 37 staff members and information about the evacuation of 56 residents was collected. These drills demonstrated that emergency egress in LTC and retirement homes is highly staff dependent with 72% of residents recorded requiring full assistance at all stages of movement in evacuation, and that the type of announced/unannounced drill and level of resident care will affect the type of data collected. The development of travel speed and pre‐movement is discussed subject to limitation with qualitative behavioural insights of residents that were observed. This study provides valuable methodological discussion on how to conduct behavioural studies in similar highly restricted research environments. Specific attention is given to understanding the considerations that must be made when using fire drills as data sources, and the impact that these can have on using such data for modelling. This study may inform the initial setup and programming of evacuation models from an actions and behavioural perspectives of staff members and residents.
Bitter orange peel essential oil: A review of the different factors and chemical reactions influencing its composition
Authors: Gaff Marion , Esteban‐Decloux Martine , Giampaoli Pierre 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review summarizes the findings and discusses the results on the different factors that can influence the bitter orange peel oil composition. Small changes in composition can result in noticeable modifications of the odour profile of the essential oil. The analysis method appears to have a crucial effect on the number of compounds identified in the essential oil. Growing location, cultivar, ripening stage, storage conditions and extraction methods are reported to impact the bitter orange essential oil. Bitter orange peel oil should be stored at −21°C to prevent changes in the composition and formation of artefacts when storing for a period of several months. The influence of cultivars should not be neglected, since a few cultivars differ a lot from the main cluster of Citrus aurantium L. The geranyl pyrophosphate forms most of the terpenes present in the bitter orange, especially limonene which is the majority compound, by the action of the terpene synthases during growing of the fruit. The extraction method can also be responsible for some differences in the composition due to the absence of water‐soluble compounds in cold‐pressed oils and to acid‐catalysed reactions in hydrodistilled oils such as the decomposition of the linalyl acetate forming many different terpene derivatives.
Reduction in microbial survival on food contact surfaces by a spray coated polymerized quaternary ammonium compound
Authors: Lee Jaesung , Pascall Melvin A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing polymerization and immobilization techniques, the loss of antimicrobial efficacy of a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) was minimized by decreasing its solubility and crosslinking it to metal substrates. The survivability of Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli K12 inoculated to silane QAC coated metal surfaces was compared with uncoated metal surfaces at different treatment conditions for up to 6 months storage. Resilience of the coating material to repeated cleaning, up to 20 washing and rinsing cycles, was also investigated. No evidence of bacteria viability (>5 log reduction of colony‐forming unit) was observed for L. innocua when they were inoculated onto coated surfaces stored for 3 months, whereas E. coli was reduced by 3 to 4‐logs. For the viable L. innocua cells on the coated surfaces, >5 log reductions were achieved even after the coated surfaces were cleaned by 20 washing and rinsing cycles prior to the cells’ inoculation. For the E. coli cells, ~ 2 log reductions were achieved after 5 cleaning cycles and <1 log reduction after 10 or more cleaning procedures. Overall, the results showed that the coating had antimicrobial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria while it showed moderate activity to Gram‐negative bacteria.
KCTD12 promotes G1/S transition of breast cancer cell through activating the AKT/FOXO1 signaling
Authors: Ye Run‐yi , Kuang Xia‐ying , Zeng Hui‐juan , Shao Nan , Lin Ying , Wang Shen‐ming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSustaining proliferation is the most fundamental step for breast cancer tumor genesis. Accelerated proliferation is usually linked to the uncontrolled cell cycle. However, the internal and external factors linked to the activation of breast cancer cell cycle are still to be investigated.Methodsquantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting assay were used to detect the expression of potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 12 (KCTD12) in breast cancer. MTT and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the effect of KCTD12 on cell proliferation of breast cancer. Anchorage‐independent growth assay was used to examine the in vitro tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells. Flow cytometry assay, qPCR, and Western blotting were used to investigate the detailed mechanisms of KCTD12 on breast cancer progression.ResultsHerein, the result showed that the level of KCTD12 is significantly decreased in breast cancer tissues and cells, and lower level of KCTD12 predicts poorer survival for patients with breast cancer. Further cell function tests illustrated that downregulation of KCTD12 significantly promotes cell proliferation and in vitro tumor genesis. Besides, molecular biologic experiments showed that downregulation of KCTD12 can enhance the G1/S transition through activating the AKT/FOXO1 signaling.ConclusionOur study inferred that downregulation of KCTD12 can be a novel factor for poor prognosis in breast cancer.
Retrospective study on symptoms and treatment modalities used and short‐term follow up of achalasia cardia in Indian setting
Authors: Jain Mayank , Baijal Neha , Srinivas Melpakkam , Baijal Rajiv , Pratap Nitesh , Bachkaniwala Vatsal , Ganesh P , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAchalasia cardia is a rare esophageal motor disorder that is frequently diagnosed late.AimThe aim of this study was to study the symptoms, treatment given, and response to treatment in patients with achalasia cardia in an Indian setting.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with achalasia cardia on high‐resolution esophageal manometry, using Chicago Classification v 3.0. On follow up, patients were contacted by telephone, and details of the treatment given and response were recorded in a predesigned pro forma. We excluded overseas patients, postoperative cases of achalasia, and those in whom the manometry catheter could not be passed across the gastroesophageal junction.ResultsA total of 452 patients (260 males, median age 44.5 years) were included in the study cohort. The major symptoms included dysphagia for solids and liquids (428, 94.7%), regurgitation (360, 79.6%), naso‐oral regurgitation (182, 40.3%), weight loss (322, 71.3%), and chest pain (158, 35%). Type 2 achalasia (229, 50.6%) was the most common subtype, followed by type 3 (154, 34.1%). Chest pain was more common in type 3, and weight loss and naso‐oral regurgitation were more common in type 2 achalasia. A majority of patients underwent Heller's myotomy and pneumatic dilatation. Of 280 patients for whom treatment details were available, 98% reported good response to endoscopic/surgical management.ConclusionThe predominant symptoms of achalasia cardia vary per the manometric subtype. Heller's myotomy and pneumatic dilatation are the most commonly used treatment options. Response to treatment is good. The choice of treatment modality was likely influenced by financial reasons and availability of local expertise.
Postmarketing surveillance on the clinical use of edoxaban in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (ETNA‐AF‐Japan): One‐year safety and effectiveness analyses
Authors: Yamashita Takeshi , Koretsune Yukihiro , Nagao Tomoko , Shiosakai Kazuhito 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in real‐world clinical settings have not yet been elucidated thoroughly among Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We report the one‐year interim results of ETNA‐AF‐Japan (Edoxaban Treatment in routiNe clinical prActice in patients with nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: UMIN000017011), an ongoing two‐year study.MethodsETNA‐AF‐Japan is a prospective, real‐world multicenter observational study that analyzes the long‐term safety and effectiveness of edoxaban. Physicians recorded clinical characteristics, bleeding events, and clinical events of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism, among others.ResultsIn total, 11 569 patients with NVAF were enrolled. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients in the safety analysis set (n = 11 107) were a mean age of 74.2 ± 10.0 years; female sex, 40.6%; age ≥75 years, 52.4%; body weight ≤60 kg, 54.3%; creatinine clearance ≤50 mL/min, 31.2%; mean CHADS2 score of 2.2 ± 1.3. The mean treatment period was 311.2 days (median; 366.0 days), and ~80% of patients continued edoxaban treatment. In the safety analysis, the incidence of all bleeding events was 6.32% [95% CI: 5.87, 6.79] (n = 702), and for major bleeding, it was 1.08% [0.90, 1.29] (n = 120). In the effectiveness analysis set (n = 11 059), the incidence of ischemic stroke (excluding TIA) or systemic embolism was 1.10% [0.92, 1.32] (n = 122).ConclusionsAt one‐year follow‐up, the results showed no major concerns about the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in Japanese patients with NVAF in a real‐world clinical setting.
Soil–climate contribution to DNDC model uncertainty in simulating biomass accumulation under urban vegetable production on a Petroplinthic Cambisol in Tamale, Ghana
Authors: Budiman  , Steiner Christoph , Topp Cairistiona F. E. , Buerkert Andreas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCrop yield simulation using the Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model can help to understand key bottlenecks for improved nitrogen (N) use efficiency and estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in West African urban vegetable production. The DNDC model was successfully calibrated using high‐resolution weather records, information on management practices and soils, and measured biomass accumulation and N uptake by amaranth (Amaranthus L.), jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) for different input intensities (May 2014–November 2015) in urban vegetable production of Tamale (N‐Ghana, West Africa). The root mean square error (RMSE) and relative error (E) values fell within the confidence interval (α 5%) of the measurements, and there was a high correlation (0.91 to 0.98) between measurements and predictions. However, the analysis of uncertainty and factor importance indicated that soil properties (pH, SOC, and clay content) and weather (precipitation) variability contributed highly to yield uncertainty of vegetable biomass.
Pathological Features of Free Graft and Pedicled Flap in the Nasal Cavity: An Animal Study
Authors: Tochigi Kosuke , Omura Kazuhiro , Miyashita Keisuke , Aoki Satoshi , Otori Nobuyoshi , Tanaka Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisRecent developments in reconstructive techniques for mucosal defects using mucoperiosteal materials have enabled rapid recovery of physiological function after endoscopic sinus surgery. Clinical trials have described the advantages, disadvantages, and different outcomes of free graft and pedicled flap, which, respectively, sacrifice or preserve blood flow. However, histological changes, that affect the postoperative outcomes after reconstruction, remain unclear. We created an animal model for the reconstruction of mucosal defects using free grafts and pedicled flaps, and evaluated them histologically.Study DesignAnimal study.MethodsWe created mucosal defects in the left nasal septum of 20 rabbits and performed reconstruction with free grafts and pedicled flaps. The distribution of ciliary and goblet cells at the reconstruction site was evaluated after 7 and 28 days using hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections to calculate the Ciliary Cell Index and Goblet Cell Index. The severity of inflammation was assessed using the Cartilage Inflammatory Cell Score.ResultsCrusting and changes in the mucosal morphology at the reconstruction site occurred only in the free graft group. In addition, the pedicled flap group had significantly greater preservation of ciliary and goblet cells and less inflammatory cell infiltration into the septal cartilage (P < .05) than the free graft group.ConclusionsAfter reconstruction procedures for mucosal defects, histopathological differences were observed between the free graft and pedicled flap. Reconstruction with pedicled flaps had advantages including preservation of healthy mucosal epithelium and suppression of inflammation on the reconstruction site. This indicated that reconstruction with pedicled flaps might have advantages over that with free grafts.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:E428–E433, 2021