bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Government Spending on Social Protection, Security Order, and Crime
Authors: Ramdayani Syofia Sofatunisa , Kharisma Bayu , Wibowo Kodrat 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of government spending on social protection and security order sectors on crime using police data from 26 police stations in West Java during 2012-2016. The research method used is the fixed effect Pooled EGLS (Cross Section Weights). Also, to test the consistency of the main variables studied, this study features robust First Difference-Generalized Method Moment (FD-GMM) and System-Generalized Method Moment (SYS-GMM). The results showed that the combination of government spending in the security order and social protection sectors had a negative and significant effect on the total amount of crime. These results prove that the government's budget policy can create a positive contribution to reducing crime rates.Keywords: fixed effect, crime, government spending, social protection, security orderPengeluaran Pemerintah Sektor Perlindungan Sosial, Ketertiban Keamanan, dan KriminalitasAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat menganalisis pengeluaran pemerintah di sektor perlindungan sosial dan ketertiban keamanan terhadap kriminalitas dengan menggunakan data kepolisian dari 26 polres di Jawa Barat selama tahun 2012-2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah fixed effect Pooled EGLS (Cross Section Weights). Selain itu, untuk menguji konsistensi dari variabel utama yang diteliti, penelitian ini juga dilengkapi robust First Difference-Generalized Method Moment (FD-GMM) dan System- Generalized Method Moment (SYS-GMM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pengeluaran pemerintah di sektor ketertiban keamanan dan perlindungan sosial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah total kriminalitas. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa kebijakan anggaran pemerintah mampu memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap penurunan angka kriminalitas. Kata Kunci: fixed effect, kriminalitas, pengeluaran pemerintah, perlindungan sosial, ketertiban keamanan
The Effect of Consumer-Based Brand Equity and Satisfaction on Loyalty: An Empirical Study
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Andreaginola , Siregar Rizki Pratama Saleh , Sihombing Sabrina Oktaria 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Economic growth in Indonesia encourages the growth of many industries. Specifically, the food and beverage industry has grown significantly in Indonesian economics. Coffee shops with foreign or local brands are growing and competing for having customer loyalty. Many research has been conducted to examine customer loyalty in a particular coffee shop. However, little research has been focused on comparing both local and foreign brand names of the coffee shop. The comparative study is needed to understand whether foreign or local brand names matter in predicting both customer satisfaction and loyalty. This research uses a quantitative paradigm using descriptive research type. The object of research is Starbucks (foreign brand) and Djournal Coffee (local brand). Data were collected through questionnaires distributed by applying judgemental sampling. Data analysis was conducted by using structural equation model (SEM). In this study, there are two unsupported hypotheses namely (1) the relationship between the ideal self-congruence and customer satisfaction, and (2) the relationship between brand identification and customer satisfaction. The study also provides theoretical contributions, managerial implications and suggestions for further research. Keywords: brand equity, customer satisfaction, brand loyalty, SEMPengaruh Ekuitas Merek Berbasis Konsumen dan Kepuasan terhadap Loyalitas: Sebuah Studi Empiris Abstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia mendorong pertumbuhan banyak industri. Secara khusus, industri makanan dan minuman telah tumbuh secara signifikan dalam ekonomi Indonesia. Kedai kopi dengan merek asing atau lokal tumbuh dan bersaing untuk memiliki loyalitas pelanggan. Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menguji loyalitas pelanggan di coffee shop tertentu. Namun, sedikit penelitian yang difokuskan untuk membandingkan nama merek lokal dan asing dari coffee shop. Studi perbandingan diperlukan untuk memahami apakah nama merek asing atau lokal penting dalam memprediksi kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kuantitatif dengan menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif. Objek penelitian adalah Starbucks (merek asing) dan Djournal Coffee (merek lokal). Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang didistribusikan dengan menggunakan judgemental sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pemodelan persamaan struktural (SEM). Dalam penelitian ini ada dua hipotesis yang tidak didukung yaitu (1) hubungan antara kongruensi diri yang ideal dan kepuasan pelanggan dan (2) hubungan antara identifikasi merek dan kepuasan pelanggan. Studi ini juga memberikan kontribusi teoritis, implikasi manajerial dan saran untuk penelitian lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: ekuitas merek, kepuasan konsumen, loyalitas merek, SEM
GREGET BARU DESAIN PEMAHAMAN KORUPSI
Authors: Putranto Hendar 
Published: January 2020

Penangkapan pucuk pimpinan sejumlah lembaga tinggi negara seperti Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi, Ketua DPR, Ketua DPD, ketua BPK, juga beberapa ketua partai politik, puluhan hakim dan aparat pengadilan (non-hakim), ratusan anggota DPR dan kepala daerah, puluhan menteri dan pejabat eksekutif di bawah menteri, ratusan anggota DPRD kota/kabupaten, juga ratusan orang dari pihak swasta selama periode 2004-2018 menegaskan situasi darurat korupsi di Indonesia pasca-reformasi. Menguatnya kelembagaan KPK, membaiknya Indeks Persepsi Korupsi Indonesia selama 20 tahun terakhir ini (Transparency International, 2018), berkembangnya inisiatif masyarakat sipil seperti Gerakan “Saya Perempuan Anti Korupsi” (SPAK) untuk mencegah korupsi (Gabrillin, 2019), serta meningkatnya kesadaran anti-korupsi di tingkat sekolah menengah dan pendidikan tinggi (ACCH, 2011; Bernie, 2019; Zain, 2019), ternyata tidak serta-merta mendorong terbentuknya ‘perilaku anti-korupsi’ yang konsisten dari para pejabat publik negeri ini. Pertanyaannya, mengapa korupsi masih saja terus terjadi juga meskipun KPK sudah melakukan tindak pencegahan dan pemberantasan korupsi secara terstruktur, sistematis dan massif sejak berdirinya?
EFFECTS OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BARK EXTRACT ON NOCICEPTION AND ANXIETY LIKE BEHAVIOR IN MICE
Authors: SEEMA JAIN  , SPARSH GUPTA  
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) bark in the experimental models of pain and anxiety-like behavior in mice.
Methods: The extract of CZ bark was administered at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, per orally (p.o) and morphine used as a positive control for pain models, was administered at the dose of 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.). Antinociceptive activity was evaluated using three experimental animal models of pain, namely, tail flick, hot plate, and formalin test. Elevated plus maze test was used to assess the effect on anxiety-like behavior. Rotarod apparatus and actophotometer were used to test muscle coordination and locomotor activity, respectively.
Results: Administration of CZ bark extract in the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg showed significantly increased in the tail-flick latency and latency to reaction time in hot plate test as compared to the control group. In the first phase (0–5 min) of the formalin test, a significant reduction in the pain response was found in CZ (200 and 400 mg/kg) and morphine-treated groups, however during the second phase (30–35 min) significant reduction in formalin-induced pain response was observed in 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg CZ extract-treated group when compared to control group. CZ extract administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose caused a significant increase in the percentage of time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze as compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Results suggest that CZ bark extract possesses the antinociceptive activity and modulates anxiety-like behavior.
ROLE OF VITAMIN C AND VITAMIN E ON HYPERTENSION
Authors: SANTHOSHAKUMARI TMJ  , MATHIVANAN J  , JEYALAKSHMI J  
Published: January 2020

Objective: Both Vitamin C and Vitamin E supplementation were associated with reduction in blood pressure (BP) in observational studies, although, results of clinical trials are inconsistent. The objective of our study is to conduct a clinical trial to observe the effects of oral supplementation of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on BP.
Methods: About 60 non-teaching staffs of our college with systolic BP more than 130 mmHg and diastolic BP more than 90 mmHg were taken as subjects and divided into two groups. Initial BP and BP after oral Vitamin C, 500 mg/day for a period of 12weeks to Group 1 and initial BP and BP after oral Vitamin E, 200 IU/day, for a period of 12 weeks to Group 2 were recorded.
Results: Statistical analysis was done by paired t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least significant difference (LSD) tests. *p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Systolic 2 and diastolic 2 – after 3 months of supplementation showed 0.161 and 0.161 which is not significant. ANOVA and LSD tests show no significant results.
Conclusion: Long-term trials on the effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E supplementation on BP and clinical events are needed.
STABILITY-INDICATING METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ITRACONAZOLE AND TERBINAFINE HCL IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: DEVYANI M RODE  , Dr. NUTAN RAO  
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of the present work was to develop and validate the stability-indicating method for the simultaneous estimation of itraconazole and terbinafine HCl in bulk and pharmaceutical tablet dosage form by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This combination of drugs is not reported for simultaneous HPLC analysis as of now.
Methods: The analysis of the developed method was carried on Shimadzu LC Prominence-i 2030 model with Lab Solution software and the separation was done on Shim-pack C18 GIST (250 mm×50 mm, 5 μm) column with a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and run time of 12 min. The injection volume was 10 μl and mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% triethylamine in the ratio of 90:10 and 225 nm was used as a detection wavelength.
Results: The retention time was found to be 3.464 min and 8.705 min for itraconazole and terbinafine HCl, respectively. The calibration curve was found to be linear and r2 values were 0.9989 and 0.9995 for itraconazole and terbinafine HCl, respectively.
Conclusion: The stability-indicating method was developed by subjecting itraconazole and terbinafine HCl marketed formulation to various stress conditions such as acidic, basic, oxidative, thermal, and water hydrolysis degradation conditions and the degraded product peaks were well resolved from sample peaks.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF PHYTOSOMES OF NARINGIN
Authors: JEEVANA JYOTHI B  , MARY RAGALATHA P  
Published: January 2020

Objective: Phytosomes are novel herbal formulations meant for design of poorly soluble flavonoids of therapeutic potential. Naringin is a flavanone with poor oral absorption and bioavailability but possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, anti-ulcer, antiosteoporotic, and anticarcinogenic effects. Hence, the objective of the present work is the development of phytosomes of naringin to enhance its dissolution so that its therapeutic effects can be exploited.
Materials and Methods: Phytosomes containing 350 mg of naringin were prepared by antisolvent precipitation method and rotary evaporation method using soya lecithin as main polymer. The prepared phytosomes were evaluated by entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release studies, and drug-excipient interaction studies.
Results: Phytosomes made by rotary evaporation method evidenced higher dissolution values than phytosomes made by antisolvent precipitation. Formulation F7 containing 350 mg of naringin and 1400 mg of soya lecithin revealed the highest percentage release of 84.5±0.39% in 60 min and 99.7±0.24% in 120 min. The percentage of drug entrapment efficiency values was satisfactory. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra of pure naringin and naringin phytosomes revealed no interaction between the drug and polymers used for preparation.
Conclusion: Naringin phytosomes are produced successfully by the rotary evaporation method. Phytosomes made with 350 mg of naringin and 1400 mg of soya lecithin by rotary evaporation method are spherical with a rough outer surface and optimum release characteristics of 84.5±0.39 in 60 min to possess optimum bioavailability and 99.7% in 120 min.
OS FLUXOS MIGRATÓRIOS NA ÁFRICA DO SUL E SEUS IMPACTOS NA ÁFRICA AUSTRAL (1960-2000)
Authors: Brites Pedro , Padilha Yuri Debrai 
Published: January 2020

O fim da II Guerra Mundial institui uma nova estrutura geopolítica nas relações internacionais, modificando também a dinâmica dessas relações na África Austral, por efeitos da mudança de abordagem que os países europeus tiveram para com os países da região africana e, também, em virtude da aceleração dos processos de libertação dos povos africanos. Tal cenário contribuiu para uma modificação nos processos migratórios dessa época, que ainda apresenta impactos na atual dinâmica das migrações na África do Sul (RAS). A presente pesquisa busca investigar os processos migratórios ocorridos durante o período de 1960 ao início dos anos 2000. Logo, investiga-se sobre a influência da disputa bipolar da Guerra Fria e dos reflexos que o desenvolvimento capitalista periférico da África do Sul teve para os processos de migração do país. Atualmente, esse Estado destaca-se como liderança política e econômica na região, sendo destino de muitas migrações. Todavia, parte desse prestígio apresenta bases ligadas ao violento regime do Apartheid, cujo “desenvolvimento separado” implicou na desigualdade social atualmente encontrada no país, que, por sua vez, impactara na dinâmica das migrações. Desta forma, na busca por facilitar o desenvolver desta investigação e alcançar seus respectivos objetivos, este trabalho estrutura-se em três etapas. A primeira dedica-se a avaliar o contexto sistêmico e os impactos para a região. A seguir, avalia-se os movimentos migratórios na África Austral e suas relações com os movimentos de libertação africanos. Por fim,verifica-se em que medida o final da Guerra Fria afeta os processos migratórios na região. Conclui-se que os movimentos migratórios foram condicionados simultaneamente pelo aumento da pressão hegemônica que se estabelece principalmente a partir dos anos 1970, bem como pelas dinâmicas regionais derivadas da atuação subimperialista da África do Sul no período abordado. Com o final da Guerra Fria, o abandono estratégico por parte das Grandes Potências, permite uma política de aproximação entre os vizinhos, o que abre espaço para maior flexibilidade nas políticas migratórias.
Molecular characterisation of the Mycobacterium bovis causing bovine tuberculosis outbreaks in Poland
Authors: Krajewska-Wędzina Monika , Kozińska Monika , Radulski Łukasz , Lipiec Marek , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Weiner Marcin , Szulowski Krzysztof 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Since 2009, Poland has been recognised as a country officially free of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), although in each year of the last five there were from 8 to 18 outbreaks of the disease. In 2008–2016, the largest number of cattle infected with bovine mycobacteria were eliminated in the Masovian Province (the central region of Poland) and the largest number of outbreaks of this zoonosis were recorded in this area. The close proximity of farms where bTB was found led to the suspicion that tuberculosis could have been transmitted between the affected herds. The aim of the study was the molecular characterisation of the pertinent M. bovis/caprae strains and determination of the epidemiological relationship of various bTB outbreaks.

Material and Methods
The material for microbiological tests came from 119 cattle (Bos taurus) from nine herds located in five provinces, neighbouring the Masovian Province.

Results
Laboratory tests of tissue material gave results confirming tuberculosis in 54 (45%) animals. All strains belonged to the Mycobacterium bovis species. A two-step analysis of genetic affinity allowed 50 strains to be identified as phylogenetically closely related and separated between three genetic clusters consisting of 2 to 27 strains.

Conclusion
Based on the results of genotyping, bTB outbreaks were found in three herds, and three transmission chains were identified among these herds.
Sequential intra-arterial infusion of 90Y-resin microspheres and mitomycin C in chemo refractory liver metastatic breast cancer patients: a single centre pilot study
Authors: Aarts Brigitte Maximiliana , Klompenhouwer Elisabeth Geneviève , Dresen Raphaëla Carmen , Deroose Christophe Michel Albert Louis Omer , Beets-Tan Regina Gien Hoa , Punie Kevin , Neven Patrick , Wildiers Hans , Maleux Geert 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intra-arterial mitomycin C (MMC) infusion after selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using Yttrium-90 (90Y) resin microspheres in liver metastatic breast cancer (LMBC) patients.

Patients and methods
The prospective pilot study included LMBC patients from 2012–2018. Patients first received infusion of 90Y resin microspheres, after 6–8 weeks response to treatment was assessed by MRI, 18F-FDG PET/CT and laboratory tests. After exclusion of progressive disease, MMC infusion was administrated 8 weeks later in different dose cohorts; A: 6 mg in 1 cycle, B: 12 mg in 2 cycles, C: 24 mg in 2 cycles and D: maximum of 72 mg in 6 cycles. In cohort D the response was evaluated after every 2 cycles and continued after exclusion of progressive disease. Adverse events (AE) were reported according to CTCAE version 5.0.

Results
Sixteen patients received 90Y treatment. Four patients were excluded for MMC infusion, because of extra hepatic disease progression (n = 3) and clinical and biochemical instability (n = 1). That resulted in the following number of patient per cohort; A: 2, B: 1, C: 3 and D: 6. In 4 of the 12 patients (all cohort D) the maximum dose of MMC was adjusted due biochemical toxicities (n = 2) and progressive disease (n = 2). One grade 3 AE occurred after 90Y treatment consisting of a gastrointestinal ulcer whereby prolonged hospitalization was needed.

Conclusions
Sequential treatment of intra-arterial infusion of MMC after 90Y SIRT was feasible in 75% of the patients when MMC was administrated in different escalating dose cohorts. However, caution is needed to prevent reflux after 90Y SIRT in LMBC patients.
ANALISIS STRATEGI DAN PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK UNGGULAN PADA INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH BAHAN KACA DI MALANG
Authors: Purnomo Purnomo , Setiawan Rudy , Wisnu Felik Sad 
Published: January 2020

Kota Malang memiliki potensi untuk memasarkan produk-produk unggulan di Indonesia bentuk industri kecil. Untuk memasarkan produk perlu sarana informasi agar publik tahu untuk hasil kinerja produk yang unggul dari industri skala kecil seperti: kerajinan bahan kaca, kerajinan mebel kayu, kripik tempe dan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana strategi pengembangan usaha kecil home industry kerajinan bahan kaca dengan menggunakan alat analisis SWOT untuk menganalisis kekuatan (strenghts), kelemahan (weaknesses), peluang (opportunities), dan ancaman (threats). Hasil dari produk unggulan industri kecil adalah penulis fokus pada industri kecil menengah daur ulang bahan kaca daerah pemasaran di sekitar Probolinggo, Sidoarjo, Pasuruan dll. Kerajinan daur ulang bahan kaca untuk daerah pemasaran Probolinggo, Bali dan Surabaya dianggap perlu memegang produk pengembangan (Product Development), yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya saing industri kecil di kelas yang sama. Akhirnya dari hasil penelitian didapat beberapa pencapaian penting meliputi: (1) Peningkatan permintaan pasar, (2) Kesinambungan produk, (3) Peningkatan produktivitas, (4) Harga pokok dapat ditekan, (5) Pengoperasian pendapatan meningkat.
PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN PRODUK DROP CABLE DI PROYEK INSTALASI KABEL RUMAH DAN MIGRASI JARINGAN AREA BANDUNG (STUDI KASUS : PT INTI PERSERO)
Authors: Pradana Agung Dera , Herdiani Leni , Rohmana Rohmana 
Published: January 2020

Persediaan merupakan suatu masalah yang kompleks dan penting untuk perusahaan karena menyangkut masalah-masalah optimasi dengan model kuantitatif sehingga diperlukan metode yang mengintegrasikan faktor-faktor model pesediaan. PT INTI (Persero) Terutama sebagai sistem integrator untuk pembangunan infrastruktur telekomunikasi di Indonesia (SBU Broadband) proyek instalasi kabel rumah dan migrasi jaringan, berdasarkan hasil analisis yang di lakukan khususnya di area proyek perusahaan belum dapat menentukan safety stock kabel yang ideal bagi teknisi instalasi kabel rumah dan migrasi, hal tersebut sering kali terjadi stock out di beberapa produk drop cable ketika ada permintaan dari teknisi yang berakibat terhadap pengeluaran cost persediaan yang tidak optimal. Maka perlu adanya pengendalian persediaan di lokasi area proyek sehingga di harapkan dapat diperoleh biaya yang minimum untuk biaya operasional persediaaan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode EOQ, diperoleh biaya yang harus dikeluarkan sebesar Rp. 31.327.642,61, frekuensi pemesanan sebanyak 8 kali dengan jumlah pemesanan 310 unit dan reorder point sebesar 64 unit.
NILAI PENDIDIKAN MORAL DALAM SERAT SANGU PATI II KARYA KI PADMA SUJANA
Authors: Widiyono Yuli 
Published: January 2020

Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan moral yang terdapat pada serat Sangu Pati II karya Ki Padma Sujana. Serat tersebut berisi sikap dan watak yang harus dilakukan dalam menjalani perjalanan hidup dari lahir sampai meninggal yaitu ajaran yang harus disiapkan untuk menjalani dunia sampai dengan kehidupan selanjutnya yaitu kehidupan akhirat. Mengangkat kembali nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pembelajaran bahasa Daerah melalui pengkajian karya sastra lampau berupa naskah merupakan salah satu upaya penting untuk mendukung kompetensi, kecapakan, dan menanamkan kepedulian peserta didik terhadap diri sendiri, sesama, dan Tuhan. Karya sastra Jawa dengan nilai–nilai kearifan lokal memiliki kontribusi besar terhadap kekayaan budaya nasional. Peran pentingnya kebijakan pemerintah dalam membina dan memelihara kekayaan daerah memberikan dampak terhadap kelangsungan nilai-nilai luhur yang terdapat di dalam naskah-naskah Jawa. Dengan mengilhami dan mengaplikasikan nilai pendidikan moral dalam serat Sangu Pati II karya Padma Sujana diharapkan mampu memberikan peran dalam meningkatkan budi pekerti, sehingga mampu mendukung terciptanya bangsa yang bermartabat dan memiliki karakter yang kuat dengan nilai bahasa, sastra, budaya yang adiluhung.