bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Postpartum Death Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States
Authors: Vallejo Victoria , Ilagan John G. 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND:
Limited U.S. reports of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection describe a few critical cases and no maternal mortality.

CASE:
A 36-year-old patient at 37 weeks of gestation presented with shortness of breath, fever, cough, and sore throat for 1 week. Within 3 hours of admission, she experienced respiratory distress, required intubation, and underwent cesarean delivery and transfer to the intensive care unit. She subsequently decompensated, with multiorgan failure, sepsis, and cardiopulmonary arrest within 36 hours, despite aggressive supportive care and investigational therapies.

CONCLUSION:
A pregnant patient with COVID-19 infection can experience a rapid onset of critical complications that may prove fatal, despite an indolent presentation. The pathogenesis leading to rapid deterioration is unknown.
Prevalence of primary aldosteronism and association with cardiovascular complications in patients with resistant and refractory hypertension
Authors: Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko , Lopez Chiara , Prencipe Nunzia , Lucatello Barbara , Settanni Fabio , Giraudo Giuseppe , Rossato Denis , Mengozzi Giulio , Ghigo Ezio , Benso Andrea , Maccario Mauro 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
To assess the prevalence of primary aldosteronism and its association with cardiometabolic complications in patients with resistant and refractory hypertension.

Methods:
One hundred and ten consecutive patients with true resistant hypertension [insufficient blood pressure control despite appropriate lifestyle measures and treatment with at least three classes of antihypertensive medication, including a diuretic] and without previous cardiovascular events were screened for secondary hypertension. Refractory hypertension was diagnosed in case of uncontrolled blood pressure despite the use of at least five antihypertensive drugs.

Results:
Primary aldosteronism was diagnosed in 32 cases (29.1%). The multivariate analysis showed that primary aldosteronism is a strong factor positively associated with left ventricular hypertrophy [odds ratio (OR) = 12.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.82–60.88; P < 0.001], microalbuminuria (OR = 3.67, 95% CI 1.44–9.78; P = 0.007), carotid intima–media thickness at least 0.9 mm (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.02–7.82; P = 0.037), aortic ectasia (OR = 4.08, 95% CI 1,18–15.04; P = 0.027) and atrial fibrillation (OR 8.80, 95% CI 1.53–73.98; P = 0.022). Moreover, primary aldosteronism was independently associated with the presence of at least one (OR = 8.60, 95% CI 1.73–69.88; P = 0.018) and at least two types of organ damage (OR = 3.08, 95% CI 1.19–8.24; P = 0.022). Thirteen patients (11.8%) were affected by refractory hypertension. This group was characterized by significantly higher values of carotid intima–media thickness, higher rate of aldosterone-producing adenoma and atrial fibrillation, compared with the other individuals with resistant hypertension.

Conclusion:
The current study indicates that primary aldosteronism is a frequent cause of secondary hypertension and cardiovascular complications among patients with resistant and refractory hypertension, suggesting a crucial role of aldosterone in the pathogenesis of severe hypertensive phenotypes and cardiovascular disease.
Symptomatic Infection is Associated with Prolonged Duration of Viral Shedding in Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Study of 110 Children in Wuhan
Authors: Lu Yingying , Li Yi , Deng Wenyue , Liu Mingyang , He Yuanzhi , Huang Lingyue , Lv Mengxue , Li Jianxin , Du Hao 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Information regarding viral shedding in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was limited. This study aims to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics associated with viral shedding in children with mild COVID-19.

Methods:
The clinical and laboratory information of 110 children with COVID-19 at Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Wuhan, China, from January 30 to March 10, 2020, were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:
The median age was 6 years old. The median period of viral shedding of COVID-19 was 15 days (interquartile range [IQR], 11–20 days) as measured from illness onset to discharge. This period was shorter in asymptomatic patients (26.4%) compared with symptomatic patients (73.6%) (11 days vs. 17 days). Multivariable regression analysis showed increased odds of symptomatic infection was associated with age <6 years (odds ratio [OR] 8.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55–31.35; P = 0.001), hypersensitive C-reactive protein >3.0 mg/L (OR 4.89; 95% CI: 1.10–21.75; P = 0.037) and presenting pneumonia in chest radiologic findings (OR 8.45; 95% CI: 2.69–26.61; P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis displayed symptomatic infection (P < 0.001), fever (P = 0.006), pneumonia (P = 0.003) and lymphocyte counts <2.0 × 109/L (P = 0.008) in children with COVID-19 were associated with prolonged duration of viral shedding in children with COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Prolonged duration of viral shedding in children with COVID-19 was associated with symptomatic infection, fever, pneumonia and lymphocyte count less than 2.0 × 109/L. Monitoring of symptoms could help to know the viral shedding in children with COVID-19.
Effectiveness and agreement of 3 optical biometers in measuring axial length in the eyes of patients with mature cataracts
Authors: Henriquez Maria Alejandra , Zúñiga Raúl , Camino Maythé , Camargo Jorge , Ruiz-Montenegro Katia , Izquierdo Luis 
Published: May 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the effectiveness and agreement of 3 optical biometers in measuring axial length (AL) and biometric parameters in the eyes of patients with mature cataracts.

Setting:
Oftalmosalud Instituto de Ojos, Peru.

Design:
Prospective, comparative study.

Methods:
Eyes with mature cataracts were examined. Three consecutive scans were performed with each device: the IOLMaster 700, the Galilei G6, and the Pentacam AXL. The following parameters were recorded: AL, anterior flat keratometry (K1), steep K (K2), anterior astigmatism, mean K (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and lens thickness. Agreement between devices was assessed using the coefficient of correlation of concordance (CCC).

Results:
Forty-five eyes were included. After 3 attempts, the acquisition success rates in measuring mature cataracts were 84.4% (38/45), 42.2% (19/45), and 37.7% (17/45) for the IOLMaster, the Galilei, and the Pentacam, respectively. Significant differences were found between the Pentacam and the IOLMaster in terms of AL, K2, and CCT. Significant differences were found in terms of K1, K2, Km, ACD, and CCT between the Pentacam and the Galilei; and significant differences were found in AL, K1, Km, and ACD between the Galilei and the IOLMaster (P < .05 all). Good correlations were found between devices (>0.90) in terms of keratometries and AL.

Conclusions:
The IOLMaster 700 had the highest AL acquisition success rate when compared with the Pentacam AXL and Galilei G6. Good agreement between devices was found in terms of AL and K readings.
The Effect of Rehospitalization and Emergency Department Visits on Subsequent Adherence to Weight Telemonitoring
Authors: Haynes Sarah C. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Tong Kathleen , Hoch Jeffrey S. , Ong Michael K. , Ganiats Theodore G. , Evangelista Lorraine S. , Black Jeanne T. , Auerbach Andrew , Romano Patrick S. ,   On behalf of the Better Effectiveness After Transition–Heart Failure (BEAT-HF) Research Group
Published: May 2020

Background
Weight telemonitoring may be an effective way to improve patients' ability to manage heart failure and prevent unnecessary utilization of health services. However, the effectiveness of such interventions is dependent upon patient adherence.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine how adherence to weight telemonitoring changes in response to 2 types of events: hospital readmissions and emergency department visits.

Methods
The Better Effectiveness After Transition–Heart Failure trial examined the effectiveness of a remote telemonitoring intervention compared with usual care for patients discharged to home after hospitalization for decompensated heart failure. Participants were followed for 180 days and were instructed to transmit weight readings daily. We used Poisson regression to determine the within-person effects of events on subsequent adherence.

Results
A total of 625 events took place during the study period. Most of these events were rehospitalizations (78.7%). After controlling for the number of previous events and discharge to a skilled nursing facility, the rate for adherence decreased by nearly 20% in the 2 weeks after a hospitalization compared with the 2 weeks before (adjusted rate ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.77–0.86; P < .001).

Conclusions
Experiencing a rehospitalization had the effect of diminishing adherence to daily weighing. Providers using telemonitoring to monitor decompensation and manage medications should take advantage of the potential “teachable moment” during hospitalization to reinforce the importance of adherence.
Hidden blood loss and the risk factors after posterior lumbar fusion surgery
Authors: Lei Fei , Li Zhongyang , He Wen , Tian Xinggui , Zheng Lipeng , Kang Jianping , Feng Daxiong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hidden blood loss (HBL) plays an important role in perioperative rehabilitation of patients underwent posterior lumbar fusion surgery. This study was to calculate the volume of HBL and evaluate the risk factors among patients after posterior lumbar fusion surgery.
A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 143 patients underwent posterior lumbar fusion surgery from March 2017 to December 2017. Recording preoperative and postoperative hematocrit to calculate HBL according to Gross formula and analyzing its related factors including age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), surgery levels, surgical time, surgery types, duration of symptoms, disorder type, specific gravity of urine (SGU), plasma albumin (ALB), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), glucose (GLU), drainage volume, hypertension. Risk factors were further analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis and t test.
Eighty-six males and 57 females, mean age 52.7 ± 11.4 years, mean height 162 ± 7.0, mean weight 61.5 ± 9.4, were included in this study. The HBL was 449 ± 191 mL, with a percentage of 44.2% ± 16.6% in the total perioperative blood loss. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that patients with higher BMI (P = .026), PLIF procedures (P = .040), and more surgical time (P = .018) had a greater amount of HBL. Whereas age (P = 0.713), sex (P = .276), surgery levels (P = .921), duration of symptoms (P = .801), disorder type (P = .511), SGU (P = .183), ALB (P = .478), GFR (P = .139), GLU (P = .423), hypertension (P = .337) were not statistically significant differences with HBL.
HBL is a large proportion of total blood loss in patients after posterior lumbar fusion surgery. BMI >24 kg/m2, PLIF procedures, and more surgical time are risk factors of HBL. Whereas age, sex, surgery levels, duration of symptoms, disorder type, SGU, ALB, GFR, GLU, hypertension were not associated with HBL.
The Efficacy of PowerPoint-based CBT Delivered Through Email: Breaking the Barriers to Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: ALAVI NAZANIN , HIRJI ALYSSA 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
A lack of resources and cultural stigma associated with mental health treatment necessitate the development of innovative and economical individualized treatments. This study evaluated the efficacy of delivering computer-based cognitive behavioral therapy (e-CBT) presented through Microsoft PowerPoint and delivered via email in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) to Iranian patients, as a means of overcoming treatment barriers.

Methods:
Participants (N=80) of Iranian descent were recruited through announcements on psychology websites, Iranian organization websites, weblogs, and in flyers. Participants were randomly assigned to either an e-CBT or a control group. The e-CBT group received 12 weekly modules and homework assignments through email, presented using PowerPoint. The control group received no treatment (individuals in the control group were able to pursue another treatment, but would then be excluded from the study although they could continue with the program). All emails were sent by an attending or resident psychiatrist, who also provided feedback on weekly homework via email. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was used to measure levels of anxiety before study onset and changes in levels of anxiety upon completion of the program at 12 weeks, and at 6-month and 1-year follow-up in both groups.

Results:
Beck Anxiety Inventory scores were significantly reduced in the group who received PowerPoint e-CBT modules delivered via email, compared with the control group, following 12 weeks of treatment, and the reductions were maintained at both follow-up points.

Conclusions:
Delivery of PowerPoint e-CBT modules via email was found to be a viable method for delivering CBT to individuals with GAD and a simple method for overcoming language, cultural, and travel barriers to accessing mental health resources. This simplified approach to the individualization and delivery of treatment modules has the potential to improve access to CBT as a treatment option throughout the world.
Clinical characteristics and fecal–oral transmission potential of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Wang Saibin , Tu Junwei , Sheng Yijun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundA significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 generate negative pharyngeal swab viral nucleic acid test results but test positive using fecal samples. However, fecal–oral transmission of COVID-19 has not been established to date. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the duration of fecal swab positivity in COVID-19 patients after pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test turned negative and to explore its potential for fecal–oral transmission.MethodsA retrospective analysis of clinical records, laboratory results, and chest computed tomography (CT) findings of 17 COVID-19 patients confirmed by laboratory tests from January 22 to February 7, 2020 at a tertiary hospital was performed. The potential of fecal–oral transmission was assessed by detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in fecal swab samples.ResultsA total of 16 patients (94.1%) had fever; other symptoms included dry cough, dyspnea, nausea, diarrhea, sore throat, fatigue, and muscle pain. Three patients had decreased white blood cell counts, 7 had decreased lymphocyte numbers, and 7 had increased C-reactive protein levels. Fecal samples of 11 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, of whom the time for the fecal samples to become SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-negative was longer in 10 patients than that for pharyngeal swab samples, and only one case exhibited a shorter time for his fecal sample to become SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-negative compared to his pharyngeal swab sample. The remaining 6 patients were negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in fecal samples.ConclusionIn COVID-19 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in both pharyngeal swab and fecal samples, the time for the fecal samples to become SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-negative was generally longer than that in pharyngeal swab samples. However, there is currently no evidence demonstrating that the virus can be transmitted through the fecal–oral route.
Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine
Authors: Plaze Marion , Attali David , Prot Matthieu , Petit Anne-Cécile , Blatzer Michael , Vinckier Fabien , Levillayer Laurine , Perin-Dureau Florent , Cachia Arnaud , Friedlander Gérard , Chrétien Fabrice , Simon-Loriere Etienne , Gaillard Raphaël 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUrgent action is needed to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by reducing the number of infected people along with the infection contagiousness and severity. Chlorpromazine (CPZ), the prototype of typical antipsychotics from the phenothiazine group, is known to inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis and acts as an antiviral, in particular against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. In this study, we describe thein vitrotesting of CPZ against a SARS-CoV-2 isolate in monkey and human cells. We evidenced an antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 with an IC50 of ∼10μM. Because of its high biodistribution in lung, saliva and brain, such IC50 measuredin vitromay translate to CPZ dosage used in clinical routine. This extrapolation is in line with our observations of a higher prevalence of symptomatic and severe forms of COVID-19 infections among health care professionals compared to patients in psychiatric wards. These preclinical findings support the repurposing of CPZ, a largely used drug with mild side effects, in COVID-19 treatment.
Cryo-Electron Microscopy Visualization of a Large Insertion in the 5S ribosomal RNA of the Extremely Halophilic ArchaeonHalococcus morrhuae
Authors: Tirumalai Madhan R , Kaelber Jason T , Park Donghyun R , Tran Quyen , Fox George E 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe extreme halophileHalococcus morrhuae(ATCC® 17082) contains a 108-nucleotide insertion in its 5S rRNA. Large rRNA expansions in Archaea are rare. This one almost doubles the length of the 5S rRNA. In order to understand how such an insertion is accommodated in the ribosome, we obtained a cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the native large subunit at subnanometer resolution. The insertion site forms a four-way junction that fully preserves the canonical 5S rRNA structure. Moving away from the junction site, the inserted region is conformationally flexible and does not pack tightly against the large subunit.
Coronavirus activates a stem cell-mediated defense mechanism that reactivates dormant tuberculosis: implications in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pathak Lekhika , Gayan Sukanya , Pal Bidisha , Talukdar Joyeeta , Bhuyan Seema , Sandhya Sorra , Yeger Herman , Baishya Debabrat , Das Bikul 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARYWe postulate that similar to bacteria, adult stem cells may also exhibit an innate defense mechanism to protect their niche. Here, we provide preliminary data on stem cell based innate defense against a mouse model of coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1) infection. In a mouse model of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) mediatedMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) dormancy, MHV-1 infection in the lung exhibited 20 fold lower viral loads than the healthy control mice, suggesting the potential enhancement of an anti-MHV-1 defense byMtb. This defense mechanism involves thein vivoexpansion and reprogramming of CD271+MSCs in the lung to an enhanced stemness phenotype. The reprogrammed MSCs facilitate the activation of stemness genes, intracellular Mtb replication, and extracellular release ofMtb. The conditioned media of the reprogrammed MSCs exhibit direct anti-viral activity in anin vitromodel of MHV-1 induced toxicity to type II alveolar epithelial cells. Thus, our data suggest that reprogrammed MSCs exert a unique innate defense against MHV-1 by activating dormantMtb.The molecular details of this anti-viral defense mechanism against coronavirus could be further studied to develop a vaccine against COVID-19.
Establishment and maintenance of motor neuron identity via temporal modularity in terminal selector function
Authors: Li Yinan , Osuma Anthony , Correa Edgar , Okebalama Munachiso A. , Dao Pauline , Gaylord Olivia , Aburas Jihad , Islam Priota , Brown André E.X. , Kratsios Paschalis 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTTerminal selectors are transcription factors (TFs) that establish during development and maintain throughout life post-mitotic neuronal identity. We previously showed that UNC-3/Ebf, the terminal selector ofC. eleganscholinergic motor neurons (MNs), acts indirectly to prevent alternative neuronal identities (Feng et al., 2020). Here, we globally identify the direct targets of UNC-3. Unexpectedly, we find that the suite of UNC-3 targets in MNs is modified across different life stages, revealing “temporal modularity” in terminal selector function. In all larval and adult stages examined, UNC-3 is required for continuous expression of various protein classes (e.g., receptors, transporters) critical for MN function. However, only in late larvae and adults, UNC-3 is required to maintain expression of MN-specific TFs. Minimal disruption of UNC-3’s temporal modularity via genome engineering affects locomotion. AnotherC. elegansterminal selector (UNC-30/Pitx) also exhibits temporal modularity, supporting the potential generality of this mechanism for the control of neuronal identity.
Sales order backlog and corporate cash holdings
Authors: Deng Kailing , Nichols Linda , Sun Li 
Published: May 2020

PurposeWe examine the impact of sales order backlog (an important leading performance indicator) on corporate cash holdings and the role of corporate governance in the relation between sales order backlog and cash holdings.Design/methodology/approachWe use the regression analysis to examine our research questions.FindingsConsistent with the agency motive and the precautionary motive of cash holdings, we document a significant negative relation between order backlog and cash, suggesting that firms with higher order backlog hold less cash. We further examine and find that the relationship between order backlog and cash becomes stronger for firms with stronger corporate governance, highlighting the role of governance in determining the level of corporate cash holdings.Originality/valueOur study contributes to the accounting literature on sales order backlog and the finance literature on corporate cash holdings. In particular, our study contributes to developing a more comprehensive understanding of the sales order backlog because it is still an under-researched area in accounting. To the best of our knowledge, this study is perhaps the first empirical study that examines the direct link between order backlog and cash.
Reimagining career collections to increase usage and engagement
Authors: Grays Lateka , Tucker James Cory 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe a case study of building a career collection at an academic library and to assess the use of materials and the services provided to students and the career services office.

Design/methodology/approach
This study reviewed circulation statistics and COUNTER reports to identify usage of career services resources.

Findings
The major findings of this study indicated that items in the print career collection experienced higher circulation rate than items in the circulating collection at Lied Library.

Originality/value
The information and findings of this study can provide a background of services and information on how to build a career collection in an academic library that can be used as an example for other libraries interested in providing career services and/or collections.