bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipid Profile and Differential Lipids in Serum Predict Severity of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Prospective, Multi-Centre Study
Authors: Chen Li , Zheng Yali , Zhao Lili , Zhang Ying , Yin Lu , He Yukun , Ma Xinqian , Xu Yu , Gao Zhancheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to characterize the lipidomic responses to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and validate the effectiveness of these lipids as indicators of the severity of the CAP as well as of the risk of death in severe CAP.Methods: Lipidomic profiles of serum were generated using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was implemented to distinguish between the classes of samples and to identify the differentially expressed variables. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the significant differential lipids was compared. Spearman’s rank correlation test and multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis were applied to further explore the putative differentially expressed lipids correlation with clinical parameters. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to build 30-day survival curves, and survival rates were compared using the log-rank test.Results: A total of 6 categories and 509 lipid species were detected in the positive ion mode using UPLC-MS/MS. In the negative ion mode, 3 categories and 195 lipid species were detected. According to the screening criteria, 5 lipids in total were selected as target lipids, which are PC (16:0_18:1), PC (18:2_20:4), PC (20:5_18:2), PC (36:4) and PC (38:6). Area under curves (AUC) for all five li p ids were superior to PSI (0.749, 0.550-0.892) and CURB-65 (0.772, 0.575-0.908). PC (18: 2_20: 4), PC (38: 6) and PC (36: 4) was negatively related to FiO 2 and PC (18: 2_20: 4) was inversely correlated with the PCT. As the relative abundance of PC (16:0_18:1), PC (36: 4), PC (20: 5_18: 2) and PC (38: 6) decreased, the length of hospital stay significantly extended. There was a statistically significant difference in the probability of 30-day mortality between the high-abundance and low-abundance groups of PC (16: 0_18: 1), PC (36: 4) and PC (20: 5_18: 2) (og-rank p <0.05).Conclusion: Our research suggests that the serum lipidomics approach of the UHPLC-MS/MS platform can be used to reveal lipid changes during CAP and establish lipid profiles related to disease severity.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03093220. Registered on 28 March 2017 (retrospectively registered).
The role of the pediatrician in the early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in children
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Manerova O. A. , Turabov I. A. , Kozlov V. V. , Reshetnikov V. A. 
Published: March 2020

Malignant neoplasms prevail in the structure of mortality in children all over the world, while most patients are diagnosed at the common stages; the second place is taken by external causes. It determines a particular relevance of developing new approaches to strengthen the role of district pediatricians in the early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms in children.Material and methods.The Algorithm for determining the appropriateness of referring a patient to a pediatric oncologist was introduced in the medical organizations of the Arkhangelsk region in 2016. To evalute the effectiveness of the Algorithm, we compared two groups of patients with histologically verified solid malignant neoplasms: Group 1: 49 patients who received medical care in the Arkhangelsk region in 2011–2015 (prior to the experiment); Group 2: 51 patients who received medical care in the Department of Pediatric Oncology of the Arkhangelsk region in 2016–2018.Results.The average survival time was significantly increased in Group 2016–2018 (30.3 ± 1.57 months) as compared with the survival time of patients receiving treatment in 2011–2015 (25.04 ± 2.05 months) (p=0.045). The following time parameters were reduced: from the moment of contacting the pediatric oncologist to the verification of the diagnosis – from 9.0 to 7.0 days; from verification of the diagnosis to the start of specialized treatment – from 12.0 to 8.0 days; from the moment of contacting the local pediatrician to the referral to the pediatric oncologist – from 11.0 to 2.0 days; from the moment of contacting the local pediatrician to the start of specialized treatment – from 23.0 to 9.0 days.Conclusion:The organizational experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the Algorithm and the expediency of its implementation in the medical organizations.
Synthesis, In silico and In vitro Analysis of Hydrazones as Potential Antituberculosis Agents
Authors: Thorat Bapu R. , Mali Suraj N. , Rani Deepa , Yamgar Ramesh S. 
Published: March 2020

:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality and illness as reported by the W.H.O in
2019. The WHO report also mentioned the fact that about 10.0 million people fell ill with tuberculosis
in the year 2018. Hydrazide–hydrazones having azomethine group (–NH–N=CH–) connected
with carbonyl group is reported for the number of bioactivities like anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant,
anticancer, antiviral and antiprotozoal.

Objective:
The objective of our current study is to design and synthesis of more potent Hydrazide–hydrazones containing anti-Tubercular agents.

Methods:
In the current study, we synthesized 10 hydrazones (3a-3j) by stirring corresponding
benzohydrazides (2) with substituted aldehydes (1a-j) in ethanol as a solvent and acetic acid as a
catalyst at room temperature. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic
techniques including elemental analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, fluorescence, fourier-
transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Compounds
(3a-3j) were tested for in vitro anti-TB activity using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA).

Results:
All our synthesized compounds (3a-3j) were found to be potent against Mycobacteria tuberculosis
(H37RV strain) with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentrations) values of 3.125-50
μg/mL. The hydrazide CO-NH protons in (3a-j) compounds are highly deshielded and showed
broad singlet at 9.520-9.168 ppm. All the compounds were found to have more intense emission in
the 416 – 429 nm regions and strong absorption in the regions of 316 – 327 nm. Synthesized compounds
were also tested for in silico analysis using different software for their Absorption, Distribution,
Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis. All the compounds were found to be
in silico non-carcinogenic.

Conclusion:
Our current study will definitely help the medicinal chemists for better designing of newer potent anti-Tubercular agents.
Dietary Melatonin Protects Against Behavioural, Metabolic, Oxidative, and Organ Morphological Changes in Mice that are Fed High-Fat, High- Sugar Diet
Authors: Onaolapo Adejoke Yetunde , Adebisi Ebenezer Oladimeji , Adeleye Adegbayi Emmanuel , Olofinnade Anthony Tope , Onaolapo Olakunle James 
Published: March 2020

Background :Metabolic syndrome is a complex pattern of disorders that occur jointly and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Therefore the need for more-efficient options of treatment has become imperative.Objective :This study examined the effect of dietary-melatonin in the management of behavioural, metabolic, antioxidant, and organ changes due to high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet-induced metabolic syndrome in mice.Methods:Mice were randomly assigned into five groups of ten animals each. Groups were normal control [fed standard diet (SD)], HFHS control, and 3 groups of melatonin incorporated into HFHS at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of feed. Mice were fed for seven weeks, and body weight was assessed weekly. Open-field behaviours, radial-arm, and Y-maze spatial memory were scored at the end of the experimental period. Twenty-four hours after the last behavioural test, blood was taken for estimation of blood glucose levels after an overnight fast. Animals were then euthanised, and blood was taken for estimation of plasma insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels, and serum lipid profile. The liver, kidneys, and brain were excised and processed for general histology, while homogenates of the liver and whole brain were used to assess oxidative stress parameters.Results:Results showed that dietary melatonin (compared to HFHS diet) was associated with a decrease in body weight, food intake, and novelty-induced behaviours; and an increase in spatial-working memory scores. A decrease in glucose, insulin, leptin, and malondialdehyde levels; and an increase in adiponectin levels and superoxide dismutase activity were also observed. Histomorphological/ histomorphometric examination revealed evidence of organ injury with HFHS diet, and varying degrees of amelioration with melatonin-supplemented diet.Conclusion:In conclusion, dietary melatonin supplementation may have beneficial effects in the management of the metabolic syndrome..
A EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESTUDANTES AFRICANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Müller Maria Lúcia Rodrigues , Silva Áurea Gardeni Sousa da 
Published: March 2020

Este artigo pretende relatar os aspectos referentes a situações de racismo e discriminação racial vivenciada pelos estudantes dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP) que ingressaram nas Instituições de Ensino Superior Brasileiras através do Programa Estudante de Convênio de Graduação (PEC-G).Estabeleceu-se como objetivo neste trabalho compreender como é a experiência do estudante-convênio oriundo dos PALOP em duas capitais do Centro Oeste brasileiro, Brasília-DF, capital do país e Cuiabá-MT. Foram entrevistados alunos e ex-alunos da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) e da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Para a compreensão dos aspectos propostos as pesquisadoras recorreram àsentrevistas em profundidade e à observação participante. Os dados obtidos informam que as universidades brasileiras não dispõem de estrutura para receber os estudante dos PALOP. Ademais, ser africano e negro no Brasil é uma experiência que impõe muitas dificuldades. Professores e colegas de curso pouco ou nada sabem sobre arealidade da África e reproduzem as percepções estereotipadas sobre o continente, circunstância incômoda para os estudantes. A prática das relações entre os alunos oriundos dos PALOP e os brasileiros é marcada também pelo racismo, discriminação e preconceito racial.
PENGELOLAAN ARSIP SESUAI STANDAR INTERNASIONAL (ISO 15489-1:2016) STUDI KASUS PENGELOLAAN ARSIP BANK INDONESIA
Authors: Ramudin Riko Priyatmo 
Published: March 2020

This article discusses Management of Records that adapts International Standards in the field of archives, namely ISO 15489-1: 2016 on Documentation: Concepts And Principles - Records Management. Management of Records that compliance with international standards is very important for an organization to create authentic, reliable, complete and usable so that it can support organizational performance. This article is important because until now there is only one institution in Indonesia that applies international standards in the field of records, Bank Indonesia. The aim is to find out how to manage records in Bank Indonesia that compliance international standards (ISO: 15489-1: 2016). The research method used is a qualitative method with primary and secondary data sources. Bank Indonesia Document Management Policy (MDBI) as a basis for Records Management according to international standards. MDBI refers to the management of records which consists of policies and responsibilities, systems and processes.
KAJIAN LAYANAN ARSIP STATIS BAGI PENGGUNA DIFABEL : STUDI KASUS DINAS KEARSIPAN DAN PERPUSTAKAAN DAERAH X
Authors: Adiningsih Yulia Nur 
Published: March 2020

Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan layanan arsip statis bagi pengguna difabel di Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Daerah X. Kajian berfokus pada prosedur layanan arsip statis, dan perwujudan atas ketersediaan serta aksesibilitas layanan. Metode pengumpulan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kajian pustaka, observasi partisipatif, dan wawancara. Kajian pustaka dilakukan dengan dengan cara membuat catatan dari berbagai referensi seperti buku, jurnal, tugas akhir, skripsi, dan peraturan. Wawancara dilakukan dengan narasumber yang terdiri atas beberapa tingkat pimpinan dan juga pengguna difabel. Observasi partisipatif juga dilaksanakan secara langsung oleh penulis di ruang layanan arsip statis Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Daerah X selama kurun waktu dua bulan. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan kegiatan layanan arsip statis bagi pengguna difabel, diantaranya yaitu faktor kebijakan, faktor fasilitas, dan faktor petugas layanan. Untuk aksesibilitas fisik dan aksesibilitas non fisik layanan arsip di Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Daerah X secara keseluruhan sudah baik. Namun dinas juga perlu dilengkapi beberapa fasilitas khusus yang belum tersedia bagi pengguna difabel, khususnya tunarungu, tunanetra, dan tunadaksa.
Expresabilidad, validez y recursos lógicos
Authors: Barrio Eduardo Alejandro 
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es investigar diversos resultados limitativos acerca del concepto de validez. En particular, argumento que ninguna teoría lógica de orden superior con semántica estándar puede tener recursos expresivos suficientes como para capturar su propio concepto de validez. Además, muestro que la lógica de la verdad transparente que Hartry Field desarrolló recientemente conduce a resultados limitativos similares.
Creencia de primera persona, conciencia y la paradoja de Eroom
Authors: Vidal Javier 
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se trata de mostrar que existe una relación necesaria, no contingente, entre tener una creencia de primera persona y creer conscientemente: una creencia de primera persona es necesariamente consciente. Pero de aquí se siguen al menos dos importantes consecuencias. Primero, tendría que ser abandonada una teoría de la conciencia según la cual un estado mental es consciente cuando va acompañado por un pensamiento o una creencia de orden superior acerca de ese estado. Segundo, podría darse cierta explicación de la paradoja de Eroom, que es el sinsentido de aseverar o de creer algo de la forma “py yo creo inconscientemente que p”.
Una propuesta modal sobre la T-Teoricidad y el papel de los postulados y axiomas en la teorías científicas
Authors: Dahlquist Manuel , Gonzálo Adriana 
Published: March 2020

El denominado "problema de los términos teóricos" que inicialmente formuló Sneed (1971) surge de la interpretación que de los términos teóricos hace la concepción heredada. Esta lectura no se condice con la interpretación indirecta de los términos teóricos que Carnap realiza (1937, 1939) al utilizar postulados. Estos textos proponen una interpretación holística de las teorías científicas, sólo adecuadamente tratada es una semántica de mundos posibles. Andreas (2008, 2010) proporciona un tratamiento modal de los términos teóricos; nosotros presentamos estos resultados en términos de modelos de Kripke; luego los extendemos con el din de que sean capaces de ditinguir entre axiomas y oraciones teóricas, generando un modelo capaz de tratarlos de manera diferenciada y que aporte nuevos resultados lógicos y filosóficos.
Sutton’s Solution to The Grounding Problem and Intrinsically Composed Colocated Objects
Authors: Campdelacreu Marta 
Published: March 2020

In Sutton 2012, Catherine Sutton offers a new and very interesting solution to the most challenging problem facing colocationism: the grounding problem. However, if I am right in rejecting her thesis that lumps or pieces of matter are extrinsically composed, then her proposal is no longer a complete answer to the grounding problem, and it is difficult to see how it might be supplemented.
Why General Jurisprudence Is Interesting
Authors: Dickson Julie 
Published: March 2020

In a recent article entitled, “Is General Jurisprudence Interesting?”, David Enoch answers his own question resoundingly in the negative. This article critically examines the character of Enoch’s claim, the presuppositions it rests on, and the way in which he seeks to establish it. Having argued that many of Enoch’s views in this regard hinge on a narrow and idiosyncratic understanding of the questions that general jurisprudence addresses, and of the relations between those questions and many other inquiries concerning the character of law, the article concludes by offering its author’s own vision of what makes general jurisprudence engaging, intriguing, and. . . well. . . interesting.
Against Phenomenal Externalism
Authors: Sacchi Elisabetta , Voltolini Alberto 
Published: March 2020

We maintain that no extant argument in favor of phenomenal externalism (PE) is really convincing. PE is the thesis that the phenomenal properties of our experiences must be individuated widely insofar as they are constituted by worldly properties. We consider what we take to be the five best arguments for PE. We try to show that none of them really proves what it aims at proving. Unless better arguments in favor of phenomenal externalism show up in the debate, we see noreason to relinquish an idea that seems intuitive and appeals to many cognitive scientists: that phenomenology is narrow, i.e., that phenomenal properties are intrinsic properties of our experiences. This idea grounds the opposite philosophical position, phenomenal internalism (PI).
El foro invertido en la movilización del conocimiento: alcances e implicaciones
Authors: Diez Elieth , Del Fiaco Zuly , Castellano Alberto , Ordoñez Luis 
Published: March 2020

Este artículo sintetiza los alcances y las implicaciones del foro invertido Movilización del conocimiento entre Universidad y Sociedad, desarrollado por la Fundación InterConectados (Venezuela). Este foro, inspirado en la clase invertida, es una estrategia apoyada en las TIC, concebido como un espacio para gestionar y movilizar conocimiento e información, producto de tareas investigativas donde se promueve la colaboración y la interacción, con la pretensión de configurar nuevas ecologías de aprendizaje. Se realizó una revisión documental sobre gestión y movilización del conocimiento, enfoque invertido en educación, TIC y foros académicos. El enfoque fue vivencialista-experiencialista, mediante el método fenomenológico. A partir de un muestreo intencional, se recolectó la información a través de dos técnicas, como parte del proceso de triangulación: la entrevista semi-estructurada con 2 informantes clave que participaron en varios foros y un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas aplicado a 14 informantes clave. Tras un análisis cualitativo, los hallazgos mostraron mayor alcance e implicación del foro invertido en la dimensión social, pero también en lo educativo y organizacional; esta última recibió una valoración positiva, al dejar en claro la necesidad de mejorar aspectos relacionados con la estructura y el funcionamiento para la optimización del foro.
Increase in Endogenous Glucose Production With SGLT2 Inhibition Is Unchanged by Renal Denervation and Correlates Strongly With the Increase in Urinary Glucose Excretion
Authors: Solis-Herrera Carolina , Daniele Giuseppe , Alatrach Mariam , Agyin Christina , Triplitt Curtis , Adams John , Patel Rupal , Gastaldelli Amalia , Honka Henri , Chen Xi , Abdul-Ghani Muhammad , Cersosimo Eugenio , Del Prato Stephano , DeFronzo Ralph 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition causes an increase in endogenous glucose production (EGP). However, the mechanisms are unclear. We studied the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on EGP in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and without diabetes (non-DM) in kidney transplant recipients with renal denervation.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Fourteen subjects who received a renal transplant (six with T2D [A1C 7.2 ± 0.1%] and eight non-DM [A1C 5.6 ± 0.1%) underwent measurement of EGP with [3-3H]glucose infusion following dapagliflozin (DAPA) 10 mg or placebo. Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, and titrated glucose-specific activity were measured.

RESULTS
Following placebo in T2D, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (143 ± 14 to 124 ± 10 mg/dL; P = 0.02) and fasting plasma insulin (12 ± 2 to 10 ± 1.1 μU/mL; P &lt; 0.05) decreased; plasma glucagon was unchanged, and EGP declined. After DAPA in T2D, FPG (143 ± 15 to 112 ± 9 mg/dL; P = 0.01) and fasting plasma insulin (14 ± 3 to 11 ± 2 μU/mL; P = 0.02) decreased, and plasma glucagon increased (all P &lt; 0.05 vs. placebo). EGP was unchanged from baseline (2.21 ± 0.19 vs. 1.96 ± 0.14 mg/kg/min) in T2D (P &lt; 0.001 vs. placebo). In non-DM following DAPA, FPG and fasting plasma insulin decreased, and plasma glucagon was unchanged. EGP was unchanged from baseline (1.85 ± 0.10 to 1.78 ± 0.10 mg/kg/min) after DAPA, whereas EGP declined significantly with placebo. When the increase in EGP production following DAPA versus placebo was plotted against the difference in urinary glucose excretion (UGE) for all patients, a strong correlation (r = 0.824; P &lt; 0.001) was observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Renal denervation in patients who received a kidney transplant failed to block the DAPA-mediated stimulation of EGP in both individuals with T2D and non-DM subjects. The DAPA-stimulated rise in EGP is strongly related to the increase in UGE, blunting the decline in FPG.
Dalcetrapib Reduces Risk of New-Onset Diabetes in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Schwartz Gregory G. , Leiter Lawrence A. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Barter Philip J. , Black Donald M. , Kallend David , Laghrissi-Thode Fouzia , Leitersdorf Eran , McMurray John J.V. , Nicholls Stephen J. , Olsson Anders G. , Preiss David , Shah Prediman K. , Tardif Jean-Claude , Kittelson John 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
Incident type 2 diabetes is common among patients with recent acute coronary syndrome and is associated with an adverse prognosis. Some data suggest that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors reduce incident type 2 diabetes. We compared the effect of treatment with the CETP inhibitor dalcetrapib or placebo on incident diabetes in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In the dal-OUTCOMES trial, 15,871 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with dalcetrapib 600 mg daily or placebo, beginning 4–12 weeks after an acute coronary syndrome. Absence of diabetes at baseline was based on medical history, no use of antihyperglycemic medication, and hemoglobin A1c and serum glucose levels below diagnostic thresholds. Among these patients, incident diabetes after randomization was defined by any diabetes-related adverse event, new use of antihyperglycemic medication, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, or a combination of at least two measurements of serum glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L (fasting) or ≥11.1 mmol/L (random).

RESULTS
At baseline, 10,645 patients (67% of the trial cohort) did not have diabetes. During a median follow-up of 30 months, incident diabetes was identified in 403 of 5,326 patients (7.6%) assigned to dalcetrapib and in 516 of 5,319 (9.7%) assigned to placebo, corresponding to absolute risk reduction of 2.1%, hazard ratio of 0.77 (95% CI 0.68–0.88; P &lt; 0.001), and a need to treat 40 patients for 3 years to prevent 1 incident case of diabetes. Considering only those with prediabetes at baseline, the number needed to treat for 3 years to prevent 1 incident case of diabetes was 25. Dalcetrapib also decreased the number of patients who progressed from normoglycemia to prediabetes and increased the number who regressed from diabetes to no diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome, incident diabetes is common and is reduced substantially by treatment with dalcetrapib.