bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Survival Analysis of Time to First Trimester induced Abortion of women in Harar Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Demissie Million Wesenu , Kebede Kindu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Abortion is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability. Abortion among adolescents and youth is a major public health issue, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, the present study was headings to the survival time of first trimester women abortion and associated factors among women whose age group in 15-49 years admitted to Jugel Hospital in Harar city, Ethiopia.Method: A hospital record pregnant women were reviewed and retrospective study design was conducted at Jugel Hospital in Harar regional state from January 2018 to December 2020.The study was conducted among nine hundred and ninety seven sampled women with abortion.The data was entered into Stata version-14 for cleaning and data analysis. Cox proportional hazard and multivariate accelerated failure time regression with log-logistic distribution were carried out to determine significant association between response variable and covariates at 5% level statistical significance was ascertained at 5% level of significance.Result: The result from log-rank estimation revealed that the survival of a woman significantly associated with age of mother, gravidity, parity, abortion care, place of managed and type of uterine evacuation procedure of mother. Based on AIC and BIC criteria and.The log-logistic of acceleration failure time model has small AIC and BIC among compared models. The multivariate log-logistic acceleration failure time model result indicated that age of mother being 30-34years (Φ=1.1116, 95%CI=(1.0144 ,1.2181)), being in age group >=35 years (Φ=1.1607,95% CI=(1.0388, 1.2969)) having gravida 3-4(Φ=0.9442, 95%CI=(0.8960,0.9951)),safe abortion care(Φ=0.7805,95%CI=(0.7156, 0.8513)), in-patient place of managed (Φ=1.1582,95%CI=(1.0628,1.2621))and type of uterine evacuation of MVA(Φ=1.0636, 95% CI=(1.0125,1.1174)) was covariates significantly associated to survival time women abortion in first trimester stage.Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that age of mother, gravidity, abortion care, place of managed and type of uterine evacuation for abortion were potential covariates associated to survival time of women abortion. It is recommended that women should be aware on the burden of those risk factors and health workers should be give due attention to this proximate determinants on abortion case.
Improving the production of AHL lactonase AiiO-AIO6 from Ochrobactrum sp. M231 in intracellular protease-deficient Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Xia Rui , Yang Yalin , Pan Xingliang , Gao Chenchen , Yao Yuanyuan , Liu Xuewei , Teame Tsegay , Zhang Fengli , Hu Juan , Ran Chao , Zhang Zhen , Liu-Clarke Jihong , Zhou Zhigang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ) blocks bacterial cell-to-cell communication (i.e., quorum sensing), and is a promising antipathogenic strategy to control bacterial infection via inhibition of virulence factor expression and biofilm formation. QQ enzyme AiiO-AIO6 from Ochrobactrum sp. M231 has several excellent properties and shows biotherapeutic potential against important bacterial pathogens of aquatic species. AiiO-AIO6 can be secretory expressed in Bacillus subtilis via a non-classical secretion pathway. To improve AiiO-AIO6 production, four intracellular protease-deletion mutants of B. subtilis 1A751 were constructed by individually knocking out the intracellular protease-encoding genes (tepA, ymfH, yrrN and ywpE). The AiiO-AIO6 expression plasmid pWB-AIO6BS was transformed into the B. subtilis 1A751 and its four intracellular protease-deletion derivatives. Results showed that all recombinant intracellular protease-deletion derivatives (BSΔtepA, BSΔymfH, BSΔyrrN and BSΔywpE) had a positive impact on AiiO-AIO6 production. The highest amount of AiiO-AIO6 extracellular production of BSΔywpE in shake flask reached 3530 U/mL, which was about 62% higher than that of the wild-type strain. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS analysis of the degrading products of 3-oxo-C8-HSL by purification of AiiO-AIO6 indicated that AiiO-AIO6 was an AHL-lactonase which hydrolyzes the lactone ring of AHLs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that AiiO-AIO6 was classified as a member of the α/β hydrolase family with a conserved “nucleophile-acid-histidine” catalytic triad. In summary, this study showed that intracellular proteases were responsible for the reduced yields of heterologous proteins and provided an efficient strategy to enhance the extracellular production of AHL lactonase AiiO-AIO6.
Risk factors and characteristics of patients with hospital-acquired influenza A: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Yang Kui , Zhang Ni , Gao Chunchen , Qin Hongyan , Wang Anhui , Song Liqiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Nosocomial influenza A brings hospitalized patients additional cost of care and considerable mortality, but predictors for hospital-acquired influenza A at the early stage remained unidentified. We aimed to describe the characteristics of patients vulnerable for hospital-acquired influenza A and identify its risk factors, which would help clinicians control nosocomial infection and ease the burden of treatment. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years in a level A tertiary teaching hospital during the 2018-2019 influenza A season. Information of patients was retrieved from hospital-based medical records system. Hospital-acquired influenza A was defined as cases diagnosed 7 days or more after admission, who had no signs of viral respiratory infection on admission. The controls with no influenza infection were selected by the following criterion. Namely, patients were exposed to the same setting in the same period of time. We identified risk factors using conditional logistic regression and described characteristics of hospital-acquired influenza A through comparing the clinical data between influenza infected patients and controls. Results: Of 412 hospitalized patients with influenza A from all departments of the investigated hospital, 93 (22.6%) cases were classified as hospital-acquired influenza A. Older age (>65 years old) accounted for 34.4%. Hypertension (41.9%), coronary heart disease (21.5%) and cerebrovascular disease (20.4%) were the most common comorbidities. Before the infection of hospital-acquired influenza A, patients presented more lymphocytopenia (51.6% VS 35.5%, P=0.027), hypoalbuminemia (78.5% VS 57.0%, P=0.002) and pleural effusion (26.9% VS 9.7%, P=0.002) than matched controls. Notably, infected patients had a longer hospital stay [18(12-27.5) days VS 14(11-20) days, P=0.002], and higher mortality (10.8% VS 2.2%, P=0.017 ). Lymphocytopenia (OR: 3.107; 95% CI 1.238-7.796; P =0.016), hypoalbuminemia (OR: 2.241; 95% CI 1.099-4.570; P =0.027) and pleural effusion (OR: 3.094; 95% CI 1.263-7.583; P =0.014) were independently associated with hospital-acquired influenza A. Conclusions: Lymphocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and pleural effusion were independent risk factors that could help identify patients at high risk of hospital-acquired influenza A, which extended hospital stay and was associated with high mortality.
Effect of a Patient Education Strategy on Resident Self-Efficacy and Maternal Outcomes (EDUCATE Study)
Authors: Yanik Michelle , Pollack Andrea , Farrell Lia M. , Metro David G. , Sakai Tetsuro , Lim Grace 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background – Patient education improves treatment plan compliance and outcomes. For anesthesiology residents, patient communication is highlighted on the obstetric subspecialty rotation. However, the clinical effectiveness of patient education on patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) dose requirements is unknown. We hypothesized that patients receiving care by residents who are formally instructed on patient education for PCEA, will have lower total local anesthetic consumption and higher satisfaction. Methods – A prospective, interrupted time series design was chosen. Residents participated in one of two sessions at the beginning of their two-month obstetric anesthesia rotation: 1) Education (E): residents taught how to educate patients on PCEA, followed by instructor-resident practice implementing a “teach-back” method for patient comprehension; 2) Control (C): no formal instruction on PCEA. Confidence in patient education was assessed at baseline and at the rotation end. The first 15–30 patients cared for by each resident after initiating epidural labor analgesia and PCEA were followed. Patient-level data included: total local anesthetic dose during labor, comprehension of PCEA goals, and satisfaction with childbirth experience using a validated questionnaire. The primary outcome was total local anesthetic medication consumed during labor. Results – A total of 285 patients (118 cared for by residents in Group E, 167 cared for by residents in Group C) were included. Local anesthetic dose consumption was similar between groups (Group E: mean bupivacaine dose (mg), 96.4 ± 58.2 vs. Group C: 105.4 ± 64.1, P = 0.23). Patient comprehension for PCEA goals and patient satisfaction with their childbirth experience were similar between groups. Residents in group E felt more comfortable teaching PCEA to patients by the end of their rotation (Group E self-efficacy scores: pre-rotation, 45.7 ± 7.5 v. post-rotation, 88.0 ± 9.2, P = 0.002). Conclusions – A resident teaching intervention to improve skills in patient education for PCEA did not reduce drug consumption or improve patient satisfaction, but educated residents felt more comfortable teaching patients by the end of their rotation. Teaching methods for patient education that improve not only clinician self-efficacy, but also clinical outcomes at the patient level, should be identified.
Intermediate and long-term radiographic and functional outcomes of ulnar shortening osteotomy in patients with ulnar impaction syndrome and reverse oblique sigmoid notch
Authors: Huang Hui-Kuang , Lee Steve K. , Huang Yi-Chao , Yin Cheng-Yu , Chang Ming-Chau , Wang Jung-Pan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) is an effective treatment for the ulnar impaction syndrome. But there has been a concern of osteoarthritis developing in the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) if we perform the USO in patients with reverse oblique sigmoid notch. This study was to evaluate the radiographic and functional outcomes following USO in patients with reverse oblique sigmoid notch.Methods: Between 2002 and 2013, we retrospectively reviewed our patients with reverse oblique sigmoid notch underwent USO in treating the ulnar impaction syndrome. We evaluated the radiographic changes in the DRUJ and their functional outcomes.Results: We enrolled 22 patients (22 wrists) with an average age at operation of 49.6 years and mean follow-up of 93.2 months. We found that there were changes in the inclination angle of sigmoid notch, from an average of reverse oblique 14.9o preoperatively to a more parallel of 5.1o at the final follow-ups. The functional results at the final follow-ups were good with the mean VAS for pain of 0.3 at rest and 1.4 during activity, QuickDASH of 16.5, and modified Mayo Wrist Score of 91.4. There were 7 wrists (31.8%) noted to have osteoarthritic change, but they did not exhibit significantly worse function, except supination motion, pain during activity, and grip strength.Conclusions For the patients with reverse oblique sigmoid inclination following USO, the inclination angle would have a tendency to become more parallel and some would develop the osteoarthritic change in the DRUJ, but the functional outcomes could still be good in the intermediate and long-term. The reverse oblique sigmoid inclination seems not to be an absolute contraindication for USO.
The Cytokines, Exhaled Nitric Oxide are Risk Factors in Preterm Infants for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Zhang Zhenjie , Wu Wuchen , Hou Lian , Jiang Jingjing , Li Yunwei , Wan Weilin , Li Zhenghong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most frequently complication of extreme preterm infants. Multiple clinical factors and inflammatory markers have all been associated with BPD. Therefore, this study targeted to detect cytokines and fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) to evaluate their mechanism and possible predicted significance for BPD.
Methods

Preterm infants born at gestational age ≤ 32 weeks were recruited between January 2018 and October 2019. The clinical data of infant characteristics and maternal characteristics were collected. Our study detected a total of ten cytokines include IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α on day 1–3, day 7–14, and day 21–28 after birth via Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) technology. FeNO levels were measured when the infants met discharge criteria.
Results

A total of 46 preterm infants were enrolled in this study, including 14 infants in BPD group and 32 infants in control group. The gestational age 【(27.5 ± 1.3) vs. (29.9 ± 1.3) weeks】and birth weight【(1021 ± 261)g vs. (1489 ± 357)g】of BPD group were lower than those of control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age < 30 weeks, birth weight < 1000 g, PDA, longer mechanical ventilation and invasive ventilation duration were high risk factors for BPD. The cytokines of IL-6, IL-8 on day 7–14 and IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α on day 21–28 were also the high risk factors for BPD. Other risk factors for BPD included elevated Eosnophils on day 21–28 and FeNO.
Conclusion

The preterm infants with PDA, prolonged mechanical ventilation tended to develop BPD. The FeNO, Eosnophils, cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α were high risk factors for BPD. Our study speculate that NO was related to BPD though Th2-cell-mediatedinflammatory responses such as IL-4. The cytokines may provide a certain predictive value for the occurrence of BPD.
A retrospective analysis of incident pregnancy in Phase 1 and 2a HIV-1 vaccine study participants does not support concern for adverse pregnancy or birth outcomes
Authors: Stranix-Chibanda Lynda , Yu Chenchen , Isaacs Margaret Brewinski , Allen Mary , Andriesen Jessica , Walsh Stephen Roberts 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Pregnancies occur during HIV-1 vaccine clinical trials, despite requirements for women of reproductive potential to use effective contraception. Deployment of an effective HIV-1 vaccine regimen will likely target adolescents and young adults and therefore safety for pregnant and breastfeeding women will need to be addressed. Methods: We performed a retrospective, cross-protocol analysis to identify and compare pregnancy outcomes reported in 53 Phase 1 and Phase 2a HIV-1 vaccine clinical trials conducted by the HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN). Results: 2673 women of reproductive potential were identified and 193 pregnancies were reported. 39 of 53 (74%) studies had at least one pregnancy reported with an overall pregnancy rate of 3.15 per 100 woman-years (w-yr). While active contraception use was required during study participation, 13 of the 53 studies also contained a long-term follow up period during which pregnancy was no longer discouraged. The pregnancy rate during main study participation was 3.09 per 100 w-yr, while pregnancies occurred at a slightly greater rate in the long-term follow up period (3.22 per 100 w-yr). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were reported at similar rates between vaccinees and placebo recipients when vaccine vectors, adjuvant used, or geographic region were examined. Conclusion: Although there is considerable heterogeneity amongst the different vaccine trials, there appears to be no obvious indication of increased risk of adverse pregnancy or birth outcomes in these early phase HIV-1 vaccine studies. More complete data on pregnancy outcomes should be collected in a systematic fashion in early phase HIV-1 vaccine clinical trials to better inform subsequent efficacy trials.
MiR-125b is a Potential Protector of Arteriosclerosis Occlusive: Restricting the Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Decreasing the Level of AAMP and SRF.
Authors: Wang Xiaogao , Chen Shiyuan , Gao Yong , Yu Chaowen , Nie Zhonglin , Sun Yong , Tang Wenbo , Guan Zeyu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Arteriosclerosis occlusive (ASO) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis (AS), and it is one of the main causes of lower limb ischemic necrosis in the elderly. Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells is one of the main causes of ASO, but the mechanism is unclear. MiR-125b is a tumor suppressor, which can inhibit the proliferation and migration in various kinds of tumors. At the same time, we find miR-125b is the most obviously down-regulated microRNA in ASO. Therefore, we explore the role of miR-125b in ASO. This study shows that up-regulated miR-125b inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through CCK8 assay and Brdu assay. Meantime, the up-regulation of miR-125b restricts the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through trans-well assay and wound healing assay. Furthermore, this study finds that up-regulated miR-125b inhibits the expression level of angio-associated migratory cell protein (AAMP) and serum response factor (SRF), which may be an important way for miR-125b to regulate the proliferation and metastasis of smooth muscle cells.
Should We Still Do Plain Old Balloon Angioplasty following Rotational Atherectomy in Drug-Eluting Stent Era?
Authors: Dong Haojian , Hachinohe Daisuke , Zhiqiang Nie , Kashima Yoshifumi , Luo Jianfang , Haraguchi Takuya , Shitan Hidemasa , Watanabe Tomohiko , Tadano Yutaka , Kaneko Umihiko , Sugie Takuro , Kobayashi Ken , Kanno Daitaro , Enomoto Morio , Sato Katsuhiko , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Drug-eluting stent (DES) is well known effective in severely calcified lesion after rotational atherectomy (ROTA). However, there are still some situations when metal stents should be avoided and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) emerges as the preferred option. The aim of present study is to explore that whether POBA is comparably effective to DES in large and calcified coronary pretreated by ROTA in clinical outcomes.
Methods

A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated for severely calcified lesions in large (≥ 3 mm) coronary using ROTA + DES or ROTA + POBA was performed. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including all cause/cardiac death and target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 1- and 2-year post-treatment, were compared between groups, with Cox regression analyses to identify independent predictors of TLR and MACE.
Results

The analysis included 285 cases in the ROTA + DES and 47 in the ROTA + POBA group, while no relevant between-group differences in clinical baseline characteristics were found. Of note, lesion length was greater in the ROTA + DES group (37.2 mm versus 19.3 mm, p < 0.001), with 8.4% lesions being chronic total occlusion in this group, but none in the ROTA + POBA group. The in-hospital/30-day mortality rate (5.3%, DES, and 6.4%, POBA), as well as the 12- and 24-month all-cause/cardiac mortality rate (9.3% and 7.7%, respectively) were not significantly different between groups. TLR rates were not significantly different between groups at 12-month (4.6%, DES, and 4.3%, POBA) and 24-month (5.3%, DES and 6.4%, POBA) respectively.
Conclusions

Outcomes were comparable for ROTA + DES and + POBA in severely calcified large coronary arteries intervention, with respect to mid-term death or TLR rate, especially for short lesion < 20 mm.
Promoting Healthy Weight for All Young Children: A Mixed Methods Study of Child and Family Health Nurses’ Perceptions of Barriers and How to Overcome Them.
Authors: Cheng Heilok , Eames-Brown Rosslyn , Tutt Alison , Laws Rachel , Blight Victoria , McKenzie Anne , Rossiter Chris , Campbell Karen , Sim Kyra , Fowler Cathrine , Seabury Rochelle , Denney-Wilson Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is a global health concern. Early intervention to help parents adopt best practice for infant feeding and physical activity is critical for maintaining healthy weight. Australian governments provide universal free primary healthcare from child and family health nurses (CFHNs) to support families with children aged up to five years and to provide evidence-based advice to parents. This paper aims to examine factors influencing the child obesity prevention practices of CFHNs and to identify opportunities to support them in promoting healthy infant growth.Methods: This mixed methods study used a survey (n = 90) and semi-structured interviews (n = 20) with CFHNs working in two local health districts in Sydney, Australia. Survey data were analysed descriptively; interview transcripts were coded and analysed iteratively. Survey and interview questions examined how CFHNs addressed healthy infant feeding practices, healthy eating, active play and limiting sedentary behaviour during routine consultations; factors influencing such practices; and how CFHNs could be best supported.Results: CFHNs frequently advised parents on breastfeeding, introducing solid foods, and techniques for settling infants. They spent less time providing advice on evidence-based formula feeding practices or encouraging physical activity in young children. Although nurses frequently weighed and measured children, they did not always use growth charts to identify those at risk of becoming overweight or obese. Nurses identified several barriers to promoting healthy weight gain in infants and young children, including limited parental recognition of overweight in their children or motivation to change diet or lifestyle; socioeconomic factors (such as the cost of healthy food); and beliefs and attitudes about infant weight and the importance of breastfeeding and physical activity amongst parents and family members.Conclusions: CFHNs require further education and support for their role in promoting optimal child growth and development, especially training in behaviour change techniques to increase parents’ understanding of healthy infant weight gain. Parent information resources should be accessible and address cultural diversity. Resources should highlight the health effects of childhood overweight and obesity and emphasise the benefits of breastfeeding, appropriate formula feeding, suitable first foods, responsiveness to infant feeding cues, active play and limiting screen time.