bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectrometric and Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Natamycin in Cheese and
Cheese Rind
Authors: Deruig Willem G , Van Oostrom Jacobus J , Leenheer Koos 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Methods for determining natamycin content of cheese rind and cheese are presented. Cheese and rind samples are extracted with methanol and the fat precipitated by cooling the sample solution in methanolwater at -15 to -20°C for ca 1 h. Natamycin levels are measured by UV spectrometric detection at absorbance minimum 311 nm, maximum 317 nm, and at exactly 329 nm, or by LC separation over Lichrosorb RP-8 column with detection at 303 nm. For measuring low levels, a concentration step is provided. The method is applicable to natamycin in cheese rind and in the interior of the cheese. Detection limit is 0.5 mg/kg. The method is suitable for controlling a maximum tolerance of natamycin on the cheese rind, at a level of 1 mg/dm2, and for detecting migration of natamycin into the cheese.
Determination of Natamycin in Cheese and Cheese Rind: Interlaboratory Collaborative Study
Authors: Deruig Willem G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative test on the determination of natamycin in cheese and cheese rind was conducted. Participants were from 37 laboratories in 13 countries. Eight samples, consisting of 4 duplicates, were investigated by a spectrometric method and a liquid chromatographic (LC) method. The spectrometric method gave good results (coefficient of variation [CV] = 12%) and the LC method with ultraviolet detection gave reasonable results (CV = 25%) for levels down to 15 mg/ kg (0.9 mg/dm2). For very low levels, a preconcentration step is necessary, but even then quantitation is poor (CV = 35-37%) for both methods at 1.7 mg/kg, although the presence of natamycin can be detected qualitatively. For a level of 0.3 mg/kg, quantitation is poor (CV = 39%) for the LC method and impossible (CV = 60%) for the spectrometric method.
Validation of HPLC Method for Determination of Histamine in Human Immunoglobulin Formulations
Authors: Tanio Michikazu , Nakamura Toru , Kusunoki Hideki , Ideguchi Kyohei , Nakashima Kazuyuki , Hamaguchi Isao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Histamine fixed-immunoglobulin formulations, which consisted of 0.15 µg of histamine dihydrochloride and 12 mg of human immunoglobulin in a vial, are used for anti-allergic treatments, and controlling the amounts of histamine in the formulations is essential to avoid histamine intoxication.

Objective
A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of histamine contents of the formulations was established and validated.

Methods
Histamine extracted from the formulation was labeled with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate and was analyzed by gradient elution HPLC with UV detection at 260 nm.

Results
The method showed linearity in the range 0.8–2.4 µM (R &gt; 0.999), accuracy (100.1–105.8% recovery), and precision (relative standard deviation ≤ 1.93%). The validated method was applied for five lots of the pharmaceutical, and their histamine contents were determined to be 0.149–0.155 µg/vial.

Conclusions
These results indicated that the validated method is useful to control amounts of histamine in biopharmaceutical products.

Highlights
The HPLC method was developed for quantitative determination of histamine content of the histamine fixed-immunoglobulin formulations.
Squat and gait biomechanics 6 months following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
Authors: Cvetanovich Gregory L , Farkas Gary J , Beck Edward C , Malloy Philip , Jan Kyleen , Espinoza-Orias Alejandro , Nho Shane J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to (i) assess whether squat and gait biomechanical measures improve in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) 6 months after surgery compared to pre-operative measures and (ii) compare biomechanical properties to controls without FAIS. In this prospective study, biomechanical data during a double leg squat task and gait for 15 FAIS patients and 9 controls were collected using three-dimensional motion analysis. Data were collected in the FAIS group at two-time points, pre-operatively and 6-month post-operatively following arthroscopic hip surgery, and at a single time point for the healthy controls. Independent sample’s t-test were used to compare the FAIS group to the controls, and paired samples t-test were used to determine within-group differences before and after hip arthroscopy in the FAIS group. The results indicated that there were significant within-group increases for sagittal plane moment rate during the double leg squat task (P = 0.009) between the pre-operative and post-operative time points for the FAIS group. Between-group differences showed that FAIS patients pre-operatively exhibit slower squat velocities during the descent (P = 0.005) and ascent phase (P = 0.012) of a double leg squat when compared healthy controls. Reduced hip external rotation moments during gait (P = 0.02) were also found between FAIS patients pre-operatively and controls. In conclusion, alterations in hip biomechanics are present before surgery for FAIS when compared to healthy controls, and joint mechanics change 6 months after surgery. However, the biomechanical differences during a double leg squat and gait were minimal.
TERT Promoter Mutation Analysis to Distinguish Glioma From Gliosis
Authors: Hewer Ekkehard , Phour Jaison , Gutt-Will Marielena , Schucht Philippe , Dettmer Matthias S , Vassella Erik 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Among the most challenging diagnostic issues in surgical neuropathology is the distinction between scant infiltration by diffuse gliomas and reactive gliosis. The best documented ancillary marker to establish a definitive diagnosis of glioma in this setting is the identification of hotspot mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/IDH2) genes, which is limited, however, by the low prevalence of these mutations in gliomas of elderly adults. Since telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations are present in the vast majority of IDH-wildtype diffuse gliomas, we hypothesized that combined analysis of IDH and TERT might overcome these limitations. For this purpose, we analyzed a series of non-neoplastic and neoplastic CNS samples for the prevalence of TERT hotspot mutations. TERT mutations were identified in none out of 58 (0%) reactive gliosis samples, and in 91 out of 117 (78%) IDH-wildtype gliomas. Based on a series of 200 consecutive diffuse gliomas, we found that IDH mutation analysis alone had a sensitivity of 28% (63% and 12%, respectively, in patients below and above age of 50) for detection of gliomas, whereas a combined analysis of IDH and TERT was 85% sensitive (87% and 84%, respectively, below and above age of 50). In sum, our findings suggest that TERT promoter mutation analysis contributes favorably to a molecular panel in cases equivocal for glioma versus gliosis on morphological grounds, especially in patients above age of 50, in which IDH analysis alone performs poorly.
Traumatic arteriovenous fistula: a 25-year delay in presentation
Authors: Stathis Alexandra , Gan John 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A 64-year-old lady presented with a 6-month history of worsening unilateral leg swelling, with an audible bruit of the popliteal artery. Arterial duplex ultrasound confirmed the presence of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the posterior tibial artery and vein. Upon thorough history, it was discovered that the patient had sustained a stab wound to this region some 25 years prior. The fistula was successfully managed endovascularly by means of a covered stent. This case highlights an unusual delayed presentation of an AVF and demonstrates the effectiveness of endovascular treatment of this condition.
Translating the Eastside: Embodied Translation in Helena María Viramontes’s Their Dogs Came with Them
Authors: Martín Desirée A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract“Translating the Eastside: Embodied Translation in Helena María Viramontes’s Their Dogs Came With Them” argues that translation—specifically embodied translation—is the central mode through which Chicanx bodies confront the painful condition of inhabiting the fragmented spaces and temporalities that simultaneously construct and exclude them. In Dogs, translation is above all a process of carrying across, transferring, expressing and contesting meaning from one place to another through the physicality of the body. Embodied translation does not solely carry across meaning across texts or languages, but is itself a source of new knowledge, including insofar as it refuses to transfer meaning through the body. However, embodied translation is only transformative as much as it disrupts the direct translation imposed by the state which contains and regulates Chicanx bodies.Rather than straightforwardly carrying meaning across, embodied translation foregrounds excess and lack, seemingly producing too much or not enough translation to produce and transfer meaning. Excessive modes of embodied translation, such as repetition or recycling, and those that indicate a lack, such as silence or muteness, are practices of dissent that continually reference space and temporality while calling other kinds of translation into question. As such, embodied translation stands as an excessive, persistent site of resistance that places systemic pressure on dominant institutions, marked through the intersection between bodies, space and temporality. In the process, embodied translation calls both the present and presence of Chicanx peoples into being in the face of their erasure in spaces like East Los Angeles.
Interleukin-37b inhibits the growth of murine endometriosis-like lesions by regulating proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and inflammation
Authors: He Yongpei , Xiong Ting , Guo Fang , Du Zhenzhen , Fan Yixian , Sun Huanhuan , Feng Zuohua , Zhang Guimei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEndometriosis is a gynecological disease with abnormal expression of interleukin (IL)-37 which can suppress inflammation and the immune system. Here we investigated the role of the IL-37b splice variant in endometriosis in vivo and in vitro. In a murine model of endometriosis, in vivo administration of IL-37b significantly inhibited the development of lesions judged by the number (P = 0.0213), size (P = 0.0130) and weight (P = 0.0152) of lesions. IL-37b had no effect on the early stage of lesion formation, however administration in the growth stage of lesions decreased the number (P = 0.0158), size (P = 0.0158) and weight (P = 0.0258) of lesions compared with PBS control, an effect that was not reversed by macrophage depletion. Expressions of inflammatory factors, matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor-A mRNA/protein were significantly inhibited in ectopic lesions following IL-37b administration, and in uterine segments treated in vitro. In vitro treatment of uterine segments with IL-37b inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 in uterine segments. Isolated mouse endometrial stromal treated with IL-37b and transfected with pIL-37b plasmid got suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, transfection with pIL-37b significantly decreased the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2. IL-37b also inhibited proliferation and the expression of inflammatory and angiogenesis factors in epithelial cell line RL95–2. These findings suggest that IL-37b may inhibit the growth of lesions by regulating proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and inflammation through Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathway.
History-dependent percolation on multiplex networks
Authors: Li Ming , Lü Linyuan , Deng Youjin , Hu Mao-Bin , Wang Hao , Medo Matúš , Stanley H Eugene 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The structure of interconnected systems and its impact on the system dynamics is a much-studied cross-disciplinary topic. Although various critical phenomena have been found in different models, study of the connections between different percolation transitions is still lacking. Here we propose a unified framework to study the origins of the discontinuous transitions of the percolation process on interacting networks. The model evolves in generations with the result of the present percolation depending on the previous state, and thus is history-dependent. Both theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations reveal that the nature of the transition remains the same at finite generations but exhibits an abrupt change for the infinite generation. We use brain functional correlation and morphological similarity data to show that our model also provides a general method to explore the network structure and can contribute to many practical applications, such as detecting the abnormal structures of human brain networks.
The Struggling Infectious Diseases Fellow: Remediation Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Melia Michael T , Paez Armando , Reid Gail , Chirch Lisa M , Luther Vera P , Blackburn Brian G , Perez Federico , Abdoler Emily , Kaul Daniel R , Rehm Susan , Harik Nada , Barsoumian Alice , Person Anna K , Yun Heather , Beckham J David , Boruchoff Susan , Cariello Paloma F , Cutrell James B , Graber Christopher J , Lee Dong Heun , Maziarz Eileen , Paras Molly L , Razonable Raymund R , Ressner Roseanne , Chen Anne , Chow Brian , Escota Gerome , Herc Erica , Johnson Andrew , Maves Ryan C , Nnedu Obinna , Clauss Heather , Kulkarni Prathit , Pottinger Paul S , Serpa Jose A , Bhowmick Tanaya , Bittner Marvin , Wooten Darcy , Casanas Beata , Shnekendorf Rachel , Blumberg Emily A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Remediation of struggling learners is a challenge faced by all educators. In recognition of this reality, and in light of contemporary challenges facing infectious diseases (ID) fellowship program directors, the Infectious Diseases Society of America Training Program Directors’ Committee focused the 2018 National Fellowship Program Directors’ Meeting at IDWeek on “Remediation of the Struggling Fellow.” Small group discussions addressed 7 core topics, including feedback and evaluations, performance management and remediation, knowledge deficits, fellow well-being, efficiency and time management, teaching skills, and career development. This manuscript synthesizes those discussions around a competency-based framework to provide program directors and other educators with a roadmap for addressing common contemporary remediation challenges.
Human Case Infected With Babesia venatorum: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Zhao Lin , Jiang Ruiruo , Jia Na , Ning Nianzhi , Zheng Yuanchun , Huo Qiubo , Sun Yi , Yuan Tingting , Jiang Baogui , Li Tao , Liu Hongbo , Liu Xiong , Chu Yanli , Wei Ran , Bian Cai , Wang Hong , Song Juliang , Wang Hui , Jiang Jiafu , Cao Wuchun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Human babesiosis is a common zoonosis caused by Babesia and is attracting an increasing concern worldwide. The natural course of babesiosis infection and how the human immune system changes during the course of babesiosis infection are not clear.

Methods
We followed up 1 case infected with Babesia venatorum for 5 years. The patient was immune-intact and received no standard treatment. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. Microbiological tests, ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence, and serum cytokines and chemokines were detected at different time points.

Results
The patient was confirmed as B venatorum infection based on his tick-bite history, clinical manifestations, and positive results of microbiological tests. The parasitemia of the patient persisted for approximately 2 months. With flu-like symptoms aggravating, most cytokines and chemokines in RNA and protein levels increased progressively and reached the peak when fever occurred; and their concentrations decreased to baseline during the same time as clearance of babesia parasites.

Conclusions
Babesia venatorum infection could take a mild self-limited course in immune-intact individuals. The natural changes of most cytokines and chemokines demonstrated very similar trends, which correlated with blood parasitemia and clinical manifestations. Cytokine profiles involving multiple inflammatory cytokines might be a good indicator of babesia infection.
Music Intervention Reduces Persistent Fibromyalgia Pain and Alters Functional Connectivity Between the Insula and Default Mode Network
Authors: Usui Chie , Kirino Eiji , Tanaka Shoji , Inami Rie , Nishioka Kenya , Hatta Kotaro , Nakajima Toshihiro , Nishioka Kusuki , Inoue Reiichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of the present study were to examine the effects of short-term music interventions among patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and to clarify the alterations in functional connectivity and persistent pain.DesignPilot study.SettingAll participants were evaluated at Juntendo University from November 2017 to January 2019.SubjectsWe enrolled female patients who had been clinically diagnosed with FM (N = 23).MethodsAll participants listened to Mozart’s Duo for Violin and Viola No. 1, K. 423, in a quiet room for 17 minutes. We compared the degree of pain using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and the numeric rating scale before and after listening to music.ResultsPain scores were significantly reduced after listening to music. Further, we observed there was a significant difference in connectivity between the right insular cortex (IC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus (PCu) before and after listening to music. We also found that the difference between the right IC-PCu connectivity and the difference in pain scores were significantly correlated.ConclusionsWe found that a short period of music intervention reduced chronic pain and altered functional IC–default mode network connectivity. Furthermore, music potentially normalized the neural network via IC–default mode network connectivity, yielding temporary pain relief in patients with FM. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these results.
Incidence and prevalence of giant cell arteritis in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Barra Lillian , Pope Janet E , Pequeno Priscila , Saxena Farah E , Bell Mary , Haaland Derek , Widdifield Jessica 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
To estimate trends in the incidence and prevalence of GCA over time in Canada.

Methods
We performed a population-based study of Ontario health administrative data using validated case definitions for GCA. Among Ontario residents ≥50 years of age we estimated the annual incidence and prevalence rates between 2000 and 2018. We performed sensitivity analyses using alternative validated case definitions to provide comparative estimates.

Results
Between 2000 and 2018 there was a relatively stable incidence over time with 25 new cases per 100 000 people &gt;50 years of age. Age-standardized incidence rates were significantly higher among females than males [31 cases (95% CI: 29, 34) vs 15 cases (95% CI: 13, 18) per 100 000 in 2000]. Trends in age-standardized incidence rates were stable among females but increased among males over time. Incidence rates were highest among those ≥70 years of age. Standardized prevalence rates increased from 125 (95% CI 121, 129) to 235 (95% CI 231, 239) cases per 100 000 from 2000 to 2018. The age-standardized rates among males rose from 76 (95% CI 72, 81) cases in 2000 to 156 (95% CI 151, 161) cases per 100 000 population in 2018. Between 2000 and 2018, the age-standardized rates among females similarly increased over time, from 167 (95% CI 161, 173) to 304 (95% CI 297, 310) cases per 100 000 population.

Conclusion
The incidence and prevalence of GCA in Ontario is similar to that reported in the USA and northern Europe and considerably higher than that reported for southern Europe and non-European populations.
Novel genome sequences of cell-fusing agent virus allow comparison of virus phylogeny with the genetic structure of Aedes aegypti populations
Authors: Baidaliuk Artem , Lequime Sébastian , Moltini-Conclois Isabelle , Dabo Stéphanie , Dickson Laura B , Prot Matthieu , Duong Veasna , Dussart Philippe , Boyer Sébastien , Shi Chenyan , Matthijnssens Jelle , Guglielmini Julien , Gloria-Soria Andrea , Simon-Lorière Etienne , Lambrechts Louis 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFlaviviruses encompass not only medically relevant arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) but also insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) that are presumably maintained primarily through vertical transmission in the insect host. Interestingly, ISFs are commonly found infecting important arbovirus vectors such as the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Cell-fusing agent virus (CFAV) was the first described ISF of mosquitoes more than four decades ago. Despite evidence for widespread CFAV infections in A.aegypti populations and for CFAV potential to interfere with arbovirus transmission, little is known about CFAV evolutionary history. Here, we generated six novel CFAV genome sequences by sequencing three new virus isolates and subjecting three mosquito samples to untargeted viral metagenomics. We used these new genome sequences together with published ones to perform a global phylogenetic analysis of CFAV genetic diversity. Although there was some degree of geographical clustering among CFAV sequences, there were also notable discrepancies between geography and phylogeny. In particular, CFAV sequences from Cambodia and Thailand diverged significantly, despite confirmation that A.aegypti populations from both locations are genetically close. The apparent phylogenetic discrepancy between CFAV and its A.aegypti host in Southeast Asia indicates that other factors than host population structure shape CFAV genetic diversity.
APCMutation marks an aggressive subtype ofBRAFmutant colorectal cancers
Authors: Fennell Lochlan J. , Kane Alexandra , Liu Cheng , McKeone Diane , Fernando Winnie , Su Chang , Bond Catherine , Jamieson Saara , Dumenil Troy , Patch Ann-Marie , Kazakoff Stephen H. , Pearson John V. , Waddell Nicola , Leggett Barbara , Whitehall Vicki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsWNT activation is a hallmark of colorectal cancer.BRAFmutation is present in 15% of colorectal cancers, and the role of mutations in WNT signaling regulators in this context is unclear. Here we evaluate the mutational landscape of WNT signaling regulators inBRAFmutant cancers.MethodsWe performed exome-sequencing on 24BRAFmutant colorectal cancers and analysed these data in combination with 175 publicly availableBRAFmutant colorectal cancer exomes. We assessed the somatic mutational landscape of WNT signaling regulators, and performed hotspot and driver mutation analyses to identify potential drivers of WNT signaling. The effects ofApcandBrafmutation were modelled,in vivo, using theApcmin/+andBrafV637/Villin-CreERT2/+mouse, respectively.ResultsRNF43was the most frequently mutated WNT signaling regulator (41%). Mutations in the beta-catenin destruction complex occurred in 48% of cancers. Hotspot analyses identified potential cancer driver genes in the WNT signaling cascade, includingMEN1, GNG12andWNT16. TruncatingAPCmutation was identified in 20.8% of cancers. TruncatingAPCmutation was associated with early age at diagnosis (P< 2×10−5), advanced stage (P<0.01), and poor survival (P=0.026).Apcmin/+/BrafV637animals had more numerous and larger SI and colonic lesions (P<0.0001 and P<0.05, respectively), and a markedly reduced survival (Median survival: 3.2 months, P=8.8×10−21) compared to animals withApcorBrafmutation alone.ConclusionsThe WNT signaling axis is frequently mutated inBRAFmutant colorectal cancers.WNT16andMEN1may be novel drivers of aberrant WNT signaling in colorectal cancer. Co-mutation ofBRAF and APCgenerates an extremely aggressive neoplastic phenotype that is associated with poor patient outcome.SynopsisWe have comprehensively evaluated the somatic mutation landscape of WNT signaling regulators in serrated colorectal cancers. We identified a mosaic of mutations that may be responsible for elevating WNT signaling in this context. Approximately 20% of serrated colorectal cancers harbor truncatingAPCmutation, and these cancers confer extremely poor prognoses.