bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aligning syntax and prosody in Galician
Authors: Gupton Timothy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The current chapter contributes to recent studies
on the syntax and prosody of the left periphery (LP) in Romance in
general and Galician in particular. The experimental data examined
establish prosodic contours for six information structure contexts
in Galician using the Melodic Analysis of Speech (MAS) protocol
(Cantero, 2002; Cantero & Font-Rotchés,
2009). I test the claim in e.g. Frascarelli & Hinterhölzl (2007) that
left-peripheral syntactic projections each have a unique,
corresponding prosodic contour, a claim based on one-to-one
correspondences between pitch and information structure in Italian
and German data. Findings suggest that, despite some tendencies in
support of this account, certain intonation contours are used to
encode more than one information structure type. The data examined
militate against an isomorphic account of intonation and syntax, and
instead favor a homomorphic relation between the two, thus
supporting a more parsimonious view of the LP (Emonds, 2004; Kempchinsky, 2013; López, 2009).
Effect of repetitive upsetting-extrusion on deformation uniformity and mechanical properties of Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy
Authors: Yu Huisheng , Yu Jianmin , Meng Yingze , Zhang Zhimin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mg-8.3Gd-3.2Y-0.4Zr alloy underwent severe plastic deformation at 420 °C using 4-pass isothermal repetitive upsetting-extrusion (RUE) process. The deformation uniformity in different regions of the same sample after 4 passes of RUE was studied. The results showed that though there was slightly uneven deformation, the isothermal RUE process can improve uniformity. The strain in the central area is relatively small, and there are more deformed large grains. The dynamic recrystallization fraction at different positions is above 0.5, forming a more uniform microstructure, with the minimum average grain size being 10.66 μm. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization occur at the same time, which promotes grain refinement and improvement of microstructure uniformity. Dynamic recrystallization weakens the texture, resulting the similar texture intensity of different positions of the sample. The bottom edge position with the most uniform microstructure obtained the best tensile properties, UTS reached 323 MPa.
Photonic band structure in a one-dimensional distributed Bragg reflector pillar
Authors: Segovia-Chaves Francis , Barón Erik Navarro , Vinck-Posada Herbert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to calculate the photonic band structure in a distributed Bragg reflector pillar. The one-dimensional periodic photonic pillar consists of alternating layers of GaAs and air. We consider the dependence of the GaAs dielectric constant on the hydrostatic pressure at a fixed temperature value. The guided-mode expansion method is employed in the case of the photonic pillar; on expanding the magnetic field of the pillar into the basis of guided modes of a homogeneous waveguide, a linear eigenvalue problem is obtained. It is observed that the photonic band structure consists of true-guided modes outside the light dispersion in the effective core, and the radiative modes are located above the light dispersion. When the pressure is increased at a given temperature, the dielectric band exhibits a shift to higher frequencies, while the air band exhibits a slight shift to lower frequencies, resulting in a decrease in the width of the photonic band gap. The calculation of the photonic pillar fundamental mode did not yield a cutoff frequency.
FDTD simulation of the optical properties for gold nanoparticles
Authors: Cheng Lin , Zhu Guixian , Liu Gannan , Zhu Lianqing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The optical properties of gold nanoparticles such as strong extinction and surface plasmon resonance can be adjusted by altering the structure, which was used widely in the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this paper, the optical properties of gold nanoparticles were investigated by using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The influences of AuNP-size and NP-NP-spacing on the local electric field and extinction properties were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the electric field intensity of AuNPs increased rapidly with the increasing size. Meanwhile, the formant appeared blue shift and the peak intensity increased first and then decreased with the increase of NP-NP-spacing. The theoretical calculation results are concordant with experimental results. The FDTD simulation results of this paper have a guiding significance in SERS areas.
Influence of a novel SPD technique together with heat treatment on the microstructural characteristics and hardness of Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloys
Authors: Xue Xiongwen , Wang Qiang , Song Xiaoqian , Yan Zhaoming , Zheng Jie , Gao Chang , Yin Caihong , Xue Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloys were fabricated and subjected to 3 passes of cyclic expansion-extrusion with an asymmetrical cavity (CEE-AEC). The influence of the CEE-AEC together with the heat treatment on the microstructural characteristics and hardness were investigated systematically, through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Vickers hardness testing machine. The results illuminated that the introduction of the strains through CEE-AEC has a significant effect on the heat treatment of the specimens. The precipitation of the second phases particles was remarkably accelerated, including the lamellar phases in solution treatment, the grain boundary precipitates and the equilibrium β phases in ageing treatment. Likewise, the hardness of the investigated samples was obviously improved by the comprehensive effect of the CEE-AEC together with the heat treatment, and the peak aging time of the CEE-AEC samples was substantially advanced relative to the as-cast ones. The enhanced hardness owned relatively high thermal stability in the ambient temperature. The precipitation sequence of 3 CEE-AEC passes alloy aged at 225 °C was as follows: supersaturated solid solution Mg (S.S.S.S)→β″ (DO19)→β′ (bco)→β
1 (fcc)→β (fcc).
Radiological characteristics of a new experimental rubber elastomeric polymer used in three-dimensional printing with different infill densities and patterns
Authors: Talalwa Lotfi , Natour Ghaleb , Bauer Andreas , Drzezga Alexander , Beer Simone 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate new 3D printable materials, namely PORO-LAY series in both solid and flexible forms, on behalf of their radiological properties by measuring their Hounsfield units (HUs) values at varying infill densities, different infill structures and several kinds of fluids in order to assess their suitability as tissue mimicking materials (TMMs) for phantom applications. In this study, it was found that PORO-LAY materials can be used to achieve low and high values of HU ranges from −990 to +950 depending on their infill density and the filling fluids. In addition, PORO-LAY materials have an acceptable dimensional stability and dimensional accuracy in their solid and flexible forms. The results also indicate that the shape of infill pattern influences the values of HU with percentage difference ranges from 3 to 33% depending on the selected infill structure. The results of this study showed that PORO-LAY materials were feasible to be used as TMMs for CT and PET/CT applications.
A systematic review of floating and beach landing records of Sargassum beyond the Sargasso Sea
Authors: Fidai Y A , Dash J , Tompkins E L , Tonon T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Sargassum algal blooms on ocean surfaces and landings of huge Sargassum mats on beaches is an emerging global environmental challenge with wide socio-economic and environmental implications. Literature on Sargassum growth cycles, travel patterns, species and morphotypes, and quantified impacts have tended to focus on a geographic region, or a specific event. Few, if any, publications document long term continuous monitoring of Sargassum blooms in large areas such as the Pacific, or the tropical Atlantic. To address this gap, this paper systematically reviews the global evidence of Sargassum bloom monitoring beyond the Sargasso Sea, and identifies gaps in the evidence base of floating and landing influxes. This systematic review uses combinations of two key terms relating to Sargassum and monitoring, and utilises the resources in ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Google Scholar. The analysis moves us past a classic literature review, and produces an unbiased assessment of empirical research on Sargassum monitoring from 1960 to 2019. We find a significant research focus on open-ocean blooms and floating mats whereas research on beach landings and their associated impacts is comparatively limited. Research is focused within specific countries or water bodies (notably, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean) and tends not to comprehensively assess neighbouring or regional shorelines, for example, West Africa and Central America. There was a lack of consistency in the application of methods for quantifying Sargassum biomass volume (including dry/wet weight, unit of measurement, and spatial extent of calculations). Further, in many publications Sargassum species identification was omitted. Given current attempts to understand the drivers and impacts of the exponential growth in Sargassum in some parts of the world, a consistent and replicable research approach to monitoring Sargassum could support creation of a Sargassum evidence database. To move this agenda forwards, we propose a definition for a Sargassum ‘event’: a continuous bloom of any Sargassum in open oceans, or, an aggregation of landed Sargassum, with the potential to disrupt social, economic or ecosystem functioning, or to impact human health. This review highlights the importance of standardising Sargassum monitoring methods to facilitate improved documentation of temporal and spatial patterns of Sargassum blooms and beach landings.
Development of Korean CARcinogen EXposure: An Initiative of the Occupational Carcinogen Surveillance System in Korea
Authors: Koh Dong-Hee , Park Ju-Hyun , Lee Sang-Gil , Kim Hwan-Cheol , Choi Sangjun , Jung Hyejung , Kim Inah , Park Donguk 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
To prevent occupational cancers, carcinogen exposure surveillance systems have been developed in many countries. This study aimed to develop a carcinogen exposure database specific to South Korea.

Methods
Twenty known human carcinogens were selected for this study. The International Standard Classification of Industry was used for a classification scheme of industries. Three nationwide occupational exposure databases, the Work Environment Measurement Database, the Special Health Examination Database, and the Work Environment Condition Survey, were used to calculate reference exposure prevalence estimates by carcinogen and industry. Then, 37 professional industrial hygienists with at least 19 years of field experience provided their own exposure prevalence estimates, after reviewing the abovementioned reference estimates derived from three data sources. The median value of the experts’ estimates was used as the final exposure prevalence. Finally, the number of exposed workers was computed by multiplying the final exposure prevalence by the number of workers extracted from the 2010 national census data by carcinogen and industry.

Results
The exposure prevalence and the number of exposed workers were calculated according to 20 carcinogen and 228 minor industrial groups, assuming year 2010 circumstances. The largest population was exposed to welding fumes (326 822 workers), followed by ultraviolet radiation (238 937 workers), ionizing radiation (168 712 workers), and mineral oil mist (146 798 workers).

Conclusions
Our results provide critical data on carcinogen exposure for the prevention of occupational cancers.
A library of coiled-coil domains: from regular bundles to peculiar twists
Authors: Szczepaniak Krzysztof , Bukala Adriana , da Silva Neto Antonio Marinho , Ludwiczak Jan , Dunin-Horkawicz Stanislaw 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Coiled coils are widespread protein domains involved in diverse processes ranging from providing structural rigidity to the transduction of conformational changes. They comprise two or more α-helices that are wound around each other to form a regular supercoiled bundle. Owing to this regularity, coiled-coil structures can be described with parametric equations, thus enabling the numerical representation of their properties, such as the degree and handedness of supercoiling, rotational state of the helices, and the offset between them. These descriptors are invaluable in understanding the function of coiled coils and designing new structures of this type. The existing tools for such calculations require manual preparation of input and are therefore not suitable for the high-throughput analyses.

Results
To address this problem, we developed SamCC-Turbo, a software for fully automated, per-residue measurement of coiled coils. By surveying Protein Data Bank with SamCC-Turbo, we generated a comprehensive atlas of ∼50 000 coiled-coil regions. This machine learning-ready dataset features precise measurements as well as decomposes coiled-coil structures into fragments characterized by various degrees of supercoiling. The potential applications of SamCC-Turbo are exemplified by analyses in which we reveal general structural features of coiled coils involved in functions requiring conformational plasticity. Finally, we discuss further directions in the prediction and modeling of coiled coils.

Availability and implementation
SamCC-Turbo is available as a web server (https://lbs.cent.uw.edu.pl/samcc_turbo) and as a Python library (https://github.com/labstructbioinf/samcc_turbo), whereas the results of the Protein Data Bank scan can be browsed and downloaded at https://lbs.cent.uw.edu.pl/ccdb.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Minimally overlapping words for sequence similarity search
Authors: Frith Martin C , Noé Laurent , Kucherov Gregory 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Analysis of genetic sequences is usually based on finding similar parts of sequences, e.g. DNA reads and/or genomes. For big data, this is typically done via ‘seeds’: simple similarities (e.g. exact matches) that can be found quickly. For huge data, sparse seeding is useful, where we only consider seeds at a subset of positions in a sequence.

Results
Here, we study a simple sparse-seeding method: using seeds at positions of certain ‘words’ (e.g. ac, at, gc or gt). Sensitivity is maximized by using words with minimal overlaps. That is because, in a random sequence, minimally overlapping words are anti-clumped. We provide evidence that this is often superior to acclaimed ‘minimizer’ sparse-seeding methods. Our approach can be unified with design of inexact (spaced and subset) seeds, further boosting sensitivity. Thus, we present a promising approach to sequence similarity search, with open questions on how to optimize it.

Availability and implementation
Software to design and test minimally overlapping words is freely available at https://gitlab.com/mcfrith/noverlap.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Successful long-term management of recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation with costimulation blockade
Authors: Mühlbacher Thomas , Amann Kerstin , Mahling Moritz , Nadalin Silvio , Heyne Nils , Guthoff Martina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recurrence of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) occurs in up to 50% of patients after kidney transplantation and is associated with poor allograft outcome. Novel therapeutic concepts directly target podocyte function via B7-1 with inconsistent response. We present the case of a 19-year-old patient with recurrent primary FSGS early after living donor kidney transplantation. Plasmapheresis and rituximab did not induce remission. Repetitive abatacept administration was able to achieve partial remission. Maintenance immunosuppression was subsequently switched to a belatacept-based calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppression, resulting in sustained complete remission with excellent allograft function throughout a follow-up of &gt;56 months.
Real-time observation of a high-echoic mass in the left ventricle during transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a case report
Authors: Masumoto Akiko , Kitai Takeshi , Ota Mitsuhiko , Kim Kitae , Ehara Natsuhiko , Furukawa Yutaka 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Increasing number of symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis is treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Stroke is one of the most serious complications of TAVI, and the majority of cerebral events in patients undergoing TAVI have an embolic origin.

Case summary
A 90-year-old female underwent trans-femoral TAVI for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Just before the implantation of the transcatheter heart valve (THV), transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) showed a mobile, high-echoic mass attached to the THV, which gradually enlarged to 26 mm, then spontaneously detached from the THV and flowed up the ascending aorta, disappearing from the TOE field of. After the procedure, the patient presented with ischaemic stroke. The patient’s stroke was thought to have resulted from the embolism migrating to the distal cerebral arteries.

Discussion
The detailed images acquired with TOE during TAVI enabled the prompt identification of the unusual intracardiac mass.
Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy caused by patent foramen ovale-related cryptogenic stroke: a case report
Authors: Takafuji Hiroya , Arai Junya , Saigusa Kuniyasu , Obunai Kotaro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy (rTTC) is recognized as an atypical type of TTC. It has been suggested that neurological events are typical trigger of rTTC, especially in young individuals.

Case summary
In this case report, we describe a 16-year-girl who presented with neurological deficits due to embolic stroke and acute heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography on admission revealed a severely reduced left ventricular (LV) function with akinesis of basal to mid LV, but normal contraction in apex. Coronary computed tomography angiography confirmed unobstructed coronary arteries. Two weeks later, her LV wall motion and ejection fraction were completely normalized. Transthoracic echocardiography and transoesophageal echocardiography demonstrated no evidence of intracardiac thrombus but showed a patent foramen ovale (PFO) with large shunt. After thorough work-up and brain–heart team discussion, we concluded that the patient developed rTTC due to cryptogenic stroke related with her PFO. She underwent percutaneous PFO closure for secondary prevention with good clinical course.

Discussion
Reverse TTC is a rare condition. It should be considered in stroke patients with acute heart failure. Quick diagnosis and management with brain–heart team is crucial for better prognosis.
Aortic valve neocuspidization with autologous pericardium in adult patients: UK experience and meta-analytic comparison with other aortic valve substitutes
Authors: Benedetto Umberto , Sinha Shubhra , Dimagli Arnaldo , Dixon Lauren , Stoica Serban , Cocomello Lucia , Quarto Cesare , Angelini Gianni D , Dandekar Uday , Caputo Massimo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We sought to provide further evidence on the safety and efficacy of aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo) using autologous pericardium in adult patients with aortic valve disease by reporting clinical and echocardiographic results from the first UK experience and performing a meta-analytic comparison with other biological valve substitutes.

METHODS
We reported clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of 55 patients (mean age 58 ± 15 years) undergoing AVNeo with autologous pericardium in 2 UK centres from 2018 to 2020. These results were included in a meta-analytic comparison between series on AVNeo (7 studies, 1205 patients, mean weighted follow-up 3.6 years) versus Trifecta (10 studies, 8705 patients, 3.8 years), Magna Ease (3 studies, 3137 patients, 4.1 years), Freedom Solo (4 studies, 1869 patients, 4.4 years), Freestyle (4 studies, 4307 patients, 7 years), Mitroflow (4 studies, 4760 patients, 4.1 years) and autograft aortic valve (7 papers, 3839 patients, 9.1 years).

RESULTS
In the present series no patients required intraoperative conversion. After mean follow-up of 12.5 ± 0.9 months, 3 patients presented with endocarditis and 1 required reintervention. The remaining patients had absent or mild aortic valve insufficiency with very low peak and mean transvalvular gradients (16 ± 3.7 and 9 ± 2.2 mmHg, respectively). Meta-analytic estimates showed non-significant difference between AVNeo and all but Magna Ease valves with regards to structural valve degeneration, reintervention and endocarditis. When compared Magna Ease valve, AVNeo and other valve substitutes showed an excess of valve-related events.

CONCLUSIONS
AVNeo is safe, associated with excellent haemodynamic profile. Its midterm risk of valve-related events is comparable to most biological valve substitutes. Magna Ease is potentially the best biological choice as far as risk of reintervention is concerned.
Sharing the Fun? How Social Information Affects Viewers’ Video Enjoyment and Video Evaluations
Authors: Möller A Marthe , Baumgartner Susanne E , Kühne Rinaldo , Peter Jochen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Online video platforms often present videos together with social information in the form of user comments and likes. This study tested two hypotheses about how this merger of mass and interpersonal communication on online video platforms shapes viewers’ evaluations and enjoyment of online videos. Whereas the judgement effect hypothesis states that social information alters viewers’ video evaluations, the processing effect hypothesis poses that it influences viewers’ enjoyment while they are watching videos. Using real-time response measures, this experiment pitted both hypotheses against each other. The results indicate that if viewers are exposed to social information before watching a video, a processing effect emerges on their enjoyment as they are watching. If viewers are exposed to social information after watching a video, a judgement effect on their retrospective video enjoyment occurs but not on their video evaluations. These new insights advance our understanding of how social information affects video viewers.
Molecular functions of ASK family in diseases caused by stress-induced inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Kojima Kazuki , Ichijo Hidenori , Naguro Isao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
VCells are constantly exposed to various types of stress, and disruption of the proper response leads to a variety of diseases. Among them, inflammation and apoptosis are important examples of critical responses and should be tightly regulated, as inappropriate control of these responses is detrimental to the organism. In several disease states, these responses are abnormally regulated, with adverse effects. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) family members are stress-responsive kinases that regulate inflammation and apoptosis after a variety of stimuli, such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In this review, we summarize recent reports on the ASK family in terms of their involvement in inflammatory diseases, focussing on upstream stimuli that regulate ASK family members.