bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating an Opioid Recommendation Card for Trainees: Methods, Use, and Impact
Authors: Freedman-Weiss Mollie R. , Chiu Alexander S. , White Erin M. , Yoo Peter S. 
Published: November 2020

Background In academic hospitals, surgical residents write most of the postoperative prescriptions; yet, few residents are trained on postoperative analgesia. This leads to wide variability in practices and often excess opioid prescribing. We sought to create an opioid guideline pocket card for surgical residents to access when prescribing opioids postoperatively and to evaluate the impact of this initiative. Methods A comprehensive literature review was conducted to generate evidence-based procedure-specific opioid recommendations; additional recommendations were formulated via consensus opinion from surgical divisions at an academic institution. A pocket-sized guideline card was developed to include these procedure-specific recommendations as well as opioid guidelines for discharges after inpatient stays, non-opioid analgesic recommendations, access to opioid safety and disposal instructions for patients discharge, an equianalgesic dosing chart, and instructions for naloxone use. The card was distributed to all General Surgery house staff at a university-affiliated hospital in the spring of 2018. Following the distribution, trainees were surveyed on their use of the card. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the survey. Results Of 85 trainees, 62 (72.9%) responded to the survey in full; 58% use the card regularly. Of the 27 junior resident respondents, 70.4% use the card at least monthly including 48.1% who use the card daily-to-weekly. Overall, 81.6% of residents changed their opioid-prescribing practices because of this initiative and 89.8% believe the card should continue to be distributed and used. Discussion An evidence-based guideline card for postoperative analgesia is highly valued and utilized by surgical trainees, especially those most junior in their training.
The Epidemiological and Financial Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccination on Otitis Media Related Admissions in the United States
Authors: Grobman Ariel , Reddy Priyanka , Wolfovitz Amit , Sylvester Michael , Angeli Simon I. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To quantify the prevalence of hospital admissions, the financial impact, and the trends in surgical procedure rates for AOM and CAOM for all ages before and after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 1998 to 2013 to determine the prevalence of AOM/CAOM related admissions and weighted frequencies of AOM/CAOM related International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) hospital diagnoses. Prevalence of surgical procedures to treat CAOM, cost of admission, length of stay, and cost per day of admission were tabulated. Trend analysis of this data was performed. Results: A total of 46 580 patients were hospitalized with AOM in the designated time period, of which 37 366 had CAOM. The prevalence of hospital admission due to AOM had the most pronounced decrease from pre-vaccine era (1998) to post-PCV13 implementation (2013) in age group 0 to 4 (32%) followed by age group 5 to 19 (7%). Age groups 20-64 and 65+ showed slight increases in prevalence. The trend in prevalence of admissions due to CAOM mirrors that of overall admissions with an 18% and 5.8% decrease in age groups 0-4 and 5-19, respectively, and a 1% increase in ages 20+. The inflation adjusted mean cost of admission did not significantly increase between 2001 and 2013. The total cost per admission was $4428 and $7546 for those with AOM and CAOM, respectively. Mastoidectomy rates increased by 17% in hospitalized children during the post-vaccine era but decreased in the elderly population. Conclusion: The prevalence of AOM/CAOM hospital admissions decreased from the pre-vaccine era (1998) to post-PCV13 implementation (2013) in pediatric patients. Surgical procedure utilization and cost of hospital admission for AOM/CAOM did not increase throughout the study period.
Binge Eating and Addictive-Like Behaviours in Males and Females
Authors: Levallius Johanna , Monell Elin , Birgegård Andreas , Clinton David , Forsén Mantilla Emma 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Binge eating is a common behaviour that is strongly linked to both obesity and eating disorder. There is evidence that binge eating commonly co-occurs with other problematic and addictive-like behaviours; however, this has not been explored systematically. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between binge eating, body weight, disordered eating behaviours and associated addictive-like behaviours, with particular attention paid to gender differences. Method A community sample ( N = 500; 75% female, Mage = 32.5 years) reported disordered eating behaviours (i.e. binge eating, purging, restriction of eating, compulsive exercise), body mass index (BMI), food addiction, starvation addiction, exercise dependence, tobacco use and alcohol consumption. Results 42% of females and 21% of males reported binge eating during the past four weeks. Binge eating was significantly associated with all investigated behaviours in females, and with purging, compulsive exercise and overweight/obesity in males. Controlling for BMI, self-starvation predicted binge eating in males (OR = 1.07), while food addiction (OR = 1.73) and alcohol dependence (OR = 1.11) predicted binge eating in females. Conclusions The multiple associations between binge eating and addictive-like behaviors supports broad screening and generalized prevention efforts. Prevention efforts should reflect gender differences.
Why Do Manuscripts Get Rejected? A Content Analysis of Rejection Reports from the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
Authors: Menon Vikas , Varadharajan Natarajan , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Ameen Shahul 
Published: November 2020

Background: A proportion of manuscripts submitted to scientific journals get rejected, for varied reasons. A systematic analysis of the reasons for rejection will be relevant to editors, reviewers, and prospective authors. We aimed to analyze the reasons for rejection of manuscripts submitted to the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, the flagship journal of Indian Psychiatric Society South Zonal Branch. Methods: We performed a content analysis of the rejection reports of all the articles submitted to the journal between January 1, 2018, and May 15, 2020. Rejection reports were extracted from the manuscript management website and divided into three types: desk rejections, post-peer-review rejections, and post-editorial-re-review rejections. They were analyzed separately for the rejection reasons, using a predefined coding frame. Results: A total of 898 rejection reports were available for content analysis. Rejection was a common fate for manuscripts across the types of submission; figures ranged from 26.7% for viewpoint articles to 72.1% for review articles. The median time to desk rejection was 3 days, while the median time to post-peer-review rejection and post-editorial-re-review rejection was 42 days and 96 days, respectively. The most common reasons for desk rejection were lack of novelty or being out of the journal’s scope. Inappropriate study designs, poor methodological descriptions, poor quality of writing, and weak study rationale were the most common rejection reasons mentioned by both peer reviewers and editorial re-reviewers. Conclusions: Common reasons for rejection included poor methodology and poorly written manuscripts. Prospective authors should pay adequate attention to conceptualization, design, and presentation of their study, apart from selecting an appropriate journal, to avoid rejection and enhance their manuscript’s chances of publication.
The Impact of Educational Intervention Based on Theory of Planned Behavior for Promoting Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj (Iran) Health Centers
Authors: Mirzaei Elham , Azar Farbod Ebadi Fard , Ziapour Arash , Azadi Nammam Ali , Qorbani Mostafa , Safari Omid , Mansourian Morteza 
Published: November 2020

Background Physical activity is the most critical determinant of physical health which reduces the health risks during life. This designed study aims to evaluate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on promoting physical activity among middle-aged women attending the health centers in Karaj city during 2017–2018. Methods This research was a quasi-experimental controlled trial, and the study incorporated 140 Middle-Aged Women Referring to Karaj Health Centers assigned randomly to a control and intervention group (70 each group). Participants enrolling in the survey were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and also the theory of planned behavior measures at the baseline and the end of the study. The SPSS software were used, to analyze the data. The study applied Nonparametric Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests and ANCOVA to interpret the results. Results The results revealed participants' age range between 30 to 50 years with the mean and standard deviation scores 40.07 (8.750) in training and 45.81 (8.513) at the control group. The intervention improved the theory of planned behavior measures and the physical activities of participants. The results showed a significant difference in the attitude score, the perceived behavioral control score, and the level of subjective norms between two training and non-training groups (P < 0.001). The followed-up physical activity score also showed an improvement in the IPAQ score of participants in the training group (p < 0.001). Conclusions The results of this specific study support the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior for promoting the physical activity of women.
Correlation between the subchondral bone marrow lesions and cartilage repair tissue after matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lyu Jialing , Zhang Yindi , Zhu Weimin , Li Dingfu , Lin Weiqiang , Chen Kang , Xia Jun 
Published: November 2020

Background The contribution of the subchondral bone in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) has long been recognized, but its role in cartilage repair procedures has only recently attracted more attention. Purpose To explore the correlation between the cartilage repair tissue (RT) and the subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) after matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) in the knee joint. Material and Methods A total of 30 patients who underwent MACI in the knee from January 2015 to June 2018 and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan were recruited in this study. The MRI results of cartilage RT were evaluated using T2* relaxation time. Subchondral BMLs were also qualitatively evaluated by use of the two-dimensional proton density-weighted fat-suppressed (2D-PD-FS) and three-dimensional dual-echo steady-state (3D-DESS) sequences. Results The univariate analysis displayed a significant negative correlation between subchondral BMLs and cartilage RT ( P < 0.01). In the minimally adjusted model (only age, sex, and body mass index [BMI] adjusted), the results did not show obvious changes (β = –6.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –10.99 to –2.09; P = 0.008). After adjustment for the full models (age, sex, BMI, defect size, combined injury, and preoperative duration of symptoms adjusted), the connection was also detected (β = –6.66, 95% CI –11.82 to –1.50; P = 0.019). Conclusion After MACI, the subchondral BMLs are significantly correlated with cartilage RT-T2* relaxation time. The role of subchondral bone in cartilage repair procedures should not be underestimated.
Quality-Differentiated Demand and the Analytics of Disruption
Authors: Adams Charles F. 
Published: November 2020

The article builds on and extends two earlier teaching notes on the enhancement of undergraduate microeconomics to encompass quality considerations in consumer choice and market responses to those preferences. This enhanced framework is then applied to an analysis of market disruption, providing a credible and accessible path for predicting threats to higher end industry leaders from lower end competitors. JEL Classifications: D0, D2, D4
A comparative study between the disease characteristics in adult-onset and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in Egyptian patients attending a large university hospital
Authors: El-Garf Kamal , El-Garf Ayman , Gheith Rasha , Badran Shaimaa , Salah Samia , Marzouk Huda , Farag Yomna , Khalifa Iman , Mostafa Noha 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Disease features and laboratory abnormalities differ among adult-onset and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (aSLE and cSLE). Socioeconomic status both independent of, and in combination with, ethnicity influences the disease phenotype and outcome. Objective To compare the various disease features among patients with cSLE and aSLE in a limited monetary income Egyptian cohort attending a large free-of-charge university hospital. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 714 SLE patients attending Cairo University Hospitals from January 2000 to December 2019. Of them 602 (400 with aSLE and 202 with cSLE) were enrolled in the study. Results The mean age of disease onset was 28.27 ± 10.55 among aSLE patients compared to 12.88 ± 4.26 years among cSLE patients. Disease duration was 12.03 ± 5.05 and 4.14 ± 3.18 years in aSLE and cSLE, respectively. Female to male ratio was 15:1 among patients with aSLE, as compared to 2.67:1 among cSLE (<0.001). Arthritis (69%), oral ulcers (48.5%), neuropsychiatric (18.3%) and thrombotic manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome (12%) were significantly more frequent in aSLE. On the other hand, renal (67.8%), serositis (49.6%), fever (49%), lymphopenia (40.6%), hemolytic anemia (38.6%), and discoid lupus (13.4%) were significantly more frequent in cSLE. Weight loss, malar rash, photosensitivity, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia and lymphadenopathy were not significantly different between the two groups. Hypocomplementemia, proteinuria, urinary sediments, hematuria were significantly more frequent in cSLE. For those patients with renal involvement, who underwent renal biopsy (58.3% in aSLE and 63.5% in cSLE), there was no significant difference with regard to the different histopathological classes. Anti-Smith, anti-cardiolipin antibodies and rheumatoid factor were significantly more frequent among aSLE patients, while anti-La antibodies were more frequent among cSLE patients. Conclusion Arthritis was the most common clinical manifestation over time in aSLE compared to renal involvement in cSLE. Renal disease tends to be more active in cSLE. The differences in disease manifestations between this cohort and other studies can be attributed to the ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
What We Fail to See in Neuro-Genetic Diseases: A Bird’s Eye View from the Developing World
Authors: Samaranayake Navami , Dissanayaka Pulasthi , Gunarathna Isuru , Gonawala Lakmal , Wijekoon Nalaka , Rathnayake Pyara , Sirisena Darshana , Gunasekara Harsha , Dissanayake Athula , Senanayake Sunethra , Anand Akshay , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Dalal Ashwin , Silva K. Ranil D. de 
Published: November 2020

Background: Progressive neurological genetic diseases are not rare. They cause psychosocial damages to its victims. This article focuses on common psychosocial issues faced by those from the developing world. Methods: A multicentre observational survey of 246 patients from teaching hospitals in Sri Lanka. Participants were clinically and genetically confirmed by neurologists and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience (ICIBN) respectively from 2014 to 2018. Convenience sample with random geographical distribution. Factors were equally weighted. ANOVA, Student’s t-test and chi-square analysis were used. Statistical Software R Statistics—version 3.5 and one-sample t-test with CI = 95% was used. This study meets the ethical guidelines of the local institutional review boards which are in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Results: Sample included 184 males and 62 females of 3–76 years with either Duchenne muscular dystrophy (n=121), spinocerebellar ataxia ( n = 87) or Huntington disease ( n = 38). Mean income of the affected is lower than the standard average monthly income ( P ≤ .001). Consultation visits depend on the monthly income (CI 20421.074–34709.361; P ≤ .001). Conclusion: Poverty is inversely proportionate to the patients’ living conditions. As developing countries are financially challenged, it is a societal challenge to rebuild our values to enhance their living status.
A systematic review of the label accuracy of cannabinoid-based products in regulated markets: is what’s on the label what’s in the product?
Authors: Oldfield Karen , Ryan John , Doppen Marjan , Kung Stacey , Braithwaite Irene , Newton-Howes Giles 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: To review the literature regarding label accuracy and contamination of medical cannabinoid-based products. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019131565). Results: Five studies reported label accuracy data ranging between 17% and 86%. Four studies reported contaminants, including pesticides, solvents and AB-FUBINACA. Meta-analysis was limited to the proportion of pesticide-contaminated samples found in two studies (0.25 (95% CI [0.10, 0.40])) and displayed significant heterogeneity. Conclusions: Label inaccuracies and contaminants are found across a spectrum of cannabinoid-based products. The review highlights the paucity and heterogeneity of research relating to cannabinoid-based products in light of changing global legislation. Further robust research is required to support ongoing pharmacovigilance and patient safety.
Recalled Experiences of Bullying and Victimization in a Longitudinal, Population-Based Birth Cohort: The Influence of ADHD and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorder
Authors: Fogler Jason M. , Weaver Amy L. , Katusic Slavica , Voigt Robert G. , Barbaresi William J. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To describe bullying experiences throughout childhood of people with and without childhood ADHD and co-occurring learning and psychiatric disorders from a population-based birth cohort. Methods: In a secondary data analysis of 199 childhood ADHD cases and 287 non-ADHD referents ( N = 486), reported experiences of peer interactions during elementary, middle, or high school were classified as “bully,” “victim,” “neither,” or “both.” Associations were assessed with multinomial logistic regression. Results: Adjusted for male sex, the odds of classification as victim-only, victim/bully, or bully- only (vs. neither) were 3.70 (2.36–5.81), 17.71, and 8.17 times higher for childhood ADHD cases compared to non-ADHD referents. Victim-bullies (62.5%) and bullies (64.3%) had both childhood ADHD and other psychiatric disorders versus 38.4% of victims-only and 17.3% of those classified as “neither.” Conclusion: The list of serious lifetime consequences of having ADHD also includes bullying. We offer future research directions for determining potential causal pathways.
Comparing Accelerometer and Self-Reported Treatment Effects in a Technology-Supported Physical Activity Intervention
Authors: Welch Whitney A. , Groth Caroline P. , Phillips Siobhan M. , Spring Bonnie , Siddique Juned 
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims To estimate and compare the change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between an accelerometer and technology-supported physical activity (PA) log across a 3-week PA intervention. Method Participants ( N = 204, 77% female, age = 33 ± 11 years, body mass index = 28.2 ± 7.1 kg/m2) were randomized to one of two activity-related intervention arms: (1) increase MVPA intervention or (2) decrease sedentary behavior active control. Participants wore an accelerometer while simultaneously completing a technology-based PA log every day for 5 weeks: a 2-week baseline assessment phase and a 3-week intervention phase. Bivariate linear mixed-effects models and correlations were used to characterize the relationship of MVPA between measurement methods throughout the intervention. Effect sizes were calculated to determine the intervention effect by measurement method. Results At baseline, PA log MVPA was 28 minutes greater than accelerometer-based minutes of MVPA in the active control group. This difference was 35 minutes (95% CI [23.7, 46.1]) greater at follow-up than at baseline measurement in the MVPA intervention group. In the active control group, there was a significant 16-minute (95% CI [6.0, 26.5]) increase between the two measures from baseline to follow-up. The intervention effect size based on the PA log was 0.27 (95% CI [0.14, 0.39]) and 0.42 (95% CI [0.28, 0.56]) when using the accelerometer. Discussion and Conclusions Our results indicate that PA log MVPA and accelerometer MVPA estimate significantly different minutes per day of MVPA. It is important researchers use caution when comparing MVPA intervention outcomes from different measurement methods.
Expression of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the oral mucosa of healthy cats and cats with chronic gingivostomatitis
Authors: Polidoro Giulia , Galiazzo Giorgia , Giancola Fiorella , Papadimitriou Serafeim , Kouki Maria , Sabattini Silvia , Rigillo Antonella , Chiocchetti Roberto 
Published: November 2020

Objectives Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is an oral disease. Cats with FCGS experience intense oral pain. Some cats remain refractory to current therapies based on dental extraction and adjuvant medical treatment; it is therefore necessary to investigate alternative therapeutic targets involved in inflammatory mechanisms and pain, namely the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The present study investigated the expression of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), and cannabinoid-related receptors G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and serotonin 1a receptor (5-HT1aR), in the oral mucosa of healthy cats to determine whether there was altered expression and distribution in cats with FCGS. Methods Samples of caudal oral mucosa were collected from eight control cats (CTRL cats) and from eight cats with FCGS (FCGS cats). Tissue samples were processed using an immunofluorescence assay with cat-specific antibodies, and the immunolabelling of the receptors studied was semiquantitatively evaluated. Results The mucosal epithelium of the CTRL cats showed CB1R, TRPA1 and 5-HT1aR immunoreactivity (IR), while CB2R and GPR55 IR were generally not expressed. In the CTRL cats, the subepithelial inflammatory cells expressed CB2R, GPR55 and 5-HT1aR IR. In the FCGS cats, all the receptors studied were markedly upregulated in the epithelium and inflammatory infiltrate. Conclusions and relevance Cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors are widely expressed in the oral mucosa of healthy cats and are upregulated during the course of FCGS. The presence of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in healthy tissues suggests the possible role of the ECS in the homeostasis of the feline oral mucosa, while their overexpression in the inflamed tissues of FCGS cats suggests the involvement of the ECS in the pathogenesis of this disease, with a possible role in the related inflammation and pain. Based on the present findings, ECS could be considered a potential therapeutic target for patients with FCGS.