bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review: The Potential of Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia spp) as Medicinal Plants
Authors: Manar P Al , Utama S E P , Hasan G M , Hidayat M S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sarang semut (Myrmecodia spp) is a plant that attached and hangs on to other larger plant. The stem is bubbling, and there are many spaces or cavities inhabited by ants inside. Sarang semut contain chemical compounds from the flavonoid and tannin groups which are known to be able to cure various diseases. This study aims to gather information about the efficacy of Sarang semut as a medicinal plant. The study conducted during April-May 2019 at Darmaga Campus of IPB. The method used is a literature study. One example of Sarang semut species found in Indonesia is Myrmecodia pendans. Myrmecodia pendans is one of the epiphytic medicinal plants and has the potential to be an antioxidant and to cure cancer. The crude extract of Sarang semut has an antibacterial effect on both grams positive and negative bacteria, including the bacteria S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and S. dysentriae. The extracts, fractions, and isolates of Sarang semut tubers proved to have antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, immune modulator, and anticancer. Sarang semut has the potential as a medicinal plant. Sarang semut is sufficient to treat cancer, tumors, nosebleeds, stomach ulcers, hemorrhoids, heart diseases, tuberculosis, rheumatism, gout disorders, strokes, ulcers, kidney, and prostate dysfunction.
The Floral Morphology and Anatomy of Kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson)
Authors: Nurhayani F O , Wulandari A S , Suharsi T K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson is one of the essential oils producing plants that have many benefits for humans. However, there is little information about the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata. The aim of this study is examining the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata. The flower morphology (color, shape, and size of the flower) were observed at fresh mature flowers. While, the flower anatomy (pistil, stamen, and ovary) were observed at flower histological samples. The flower was fixed, dehydrated, alcoholized, embedding in paraffin, and stained with safranin-fast green. The results of this study showed that flowers of C. odorata are complete flowers that had 3 green sepals (0.5 – 0.9 cm), 6 – 12 yellowish-green petals (2.5 – 7.2 cm), 8 – 15 dark green pistils (5 – 8 mm), and numerous stamens. The shape of pistils is oval and contains one ovary which has 8 – 12 ovules. The shape of the stamens is elongated oval and contains pollens. The information about the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata might enhance the understanding of future studies regarding natural reproduction and cultivation programs.
Physical and Chemical Analysis of Land in Forest Peat Swamp in Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Rinaldi Paxia Syifa , ’Akromah Zakhruvia Nisa , Ramadhan Hafiz , Husna Salsabila , Syamsudin Dzikry Lesmana , Panggabean Paulo Bintang , Murdianti Rina Agustin , Fatahillah Muhammad Haris , Perala Iwan , Rizqia Eka Khaula , Yahya Siti Azizah , Novitasari Ade , Wibowo Cahyo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Peatlands are ecosystems with the particular characteristic that is high organic matter content. On the other hand, these features lead to the peat soil vulnerable to decreasing the quality of the land. This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of peat soil in the peat swamp forest in the Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park in Central Kalimantan. The method used in this research is systematic sampling with a set of five points as soil sampling with twice replications within the plot measuring 100 m × 100 m. Peat soil at the site of research has added to peat ranged from 20 -> 400 cm. Tests showed there are different levels of maturity of peat from fibric until saprik, and the peat is likely to have the same maturity level or more raw than the maturity level of peat with field tests. The results of color identification are very dusky red, dark reddish-brown, reddish-black, and black. Peat soil has a pH ranging from 3.7-5.2 with an average pH of 4.5 (acidic), does not contain pyrite, ash around 1:13% - 43.88%, and the content of organic C ranges from 32.55% - 57.35%.
Vertical Distribution of Macro Nutrient on Drained Peat for Acacia crassicarpa plantations
Authors: Lisnawati Y , Siregar CA 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The development of peatlands for pulp Industrial Timber Estates (ITE) by reducing the water table has changed the balance of the ecosystem and the characteristics of peat soil in the area. The research aims to determine soil chemical after the implementation of drainage system on peat for Acacia crassicarpa plantation. Two field researches were conducted in ITE and natural peatlands in Riau Province. The research plot was made in a single transect observations perpendicular to the drainage channel. Parameters observed were chemical characteristics including vertical distribution of macro nutrients. The characteristics condition of plantation forest was then compared with the natural peat site. The measurement result of chemical parameters analyzed descriptively in the form of charts. Simple regression is used to observe the effect of drainage on those characteristics. The results showed that the presence of drainage system gave significant changes in the level of peat maturity at 0-150 cm depth as it causes subsidence rate of 5.5 cm / year. Further, the chemical characteristics indicates that there is an increase in the value of the macro nutrient content of N, P, K, Ca in ITE, however, there is a deficit of K, especially at 50-100 cm depth.
Diversity of Butterflies on Different Ecosystems and Seasons
Authors: Haneda N F , Panggabean P B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is a tropical country that has two seasons, dry and wet. These climate conditions make Indonesia have mega biodiversity. The organism that has high diversity is an insect. Butterflies are exotic insects for diversity. This research aims to calculate and compare the abundance, diversity, richness, evenness, and similarity of butterfly species in several different ecosystems and seasons, and analyze the effect of seasonal differences on their abundance. The sampling method used the time search method on primary forest, secondary forest, plantation, and paddy field on the border of South Sulawesi (Pinrang Regency) and West Sulawesi (Mamasa Regency). The results showed that in the dry season, there were 156 species from 25 families of butterflies, while in the wet season, 74 species from 10 families of butterflies found. Three species of butterflies are protected and nine endemic species.
Forest Fire Occurrence in Berbak Sembilang National Park Jambi Province on 2000-2018 and its relationship with fuel load
Authors: Mora A M , Saharjo B H , Prasetyo L B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There are many researches on forest and land fires has been carried out, however, forest and land fires in Indonesia still occur every year. It has been a historical record that in 1982–1983 forest and land fires in West Kalimantan which burned an area of 3.6 million hectares seemed not to be a lesson in monitoring fire, especially in forest areas. Berbak Sembilang National Park (TNBS) consists of ecosystems of peat swamps and freshwater swamps which are very vulnerable to fire especially during long drought and severe dry season. Fires in 2015 brought a major impact to people in Sumatra Island. This research analyzed hotspot occurreces on different land cover and land use in TNBS. Hotspot were analyzed by using Getis-Ord-Gi*. The result showed that repeated fires continue to occur in the TNBS area every year either during El-Nino or La-Nina period, resulting on ecological change in TNBS..
The influence of scarification and media containing vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza on germination of sandalwood (Santalum album Linn) seeds
Authors: Pamungkas Dani , Doland Nichols J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSandalwood (Santalum album) is an essential species as containing fragrant substances in the heartwood. Seed germination is one of the essential keys to the success of sandalwood development, and the use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) is also essential to plant enhancement. This study aimed to obtain information on the influence of scarification techniques and the use of VAM on germination media to sandalwood seed germination. Five scarification treatments (control, soaked in water for 24 and 48 hours, GA3300 and 500 ppm for 17 hours) and two VAM application (with and without VAM) were employed (split-plot with completely randomized design (CRD)). The result showed that the cumulative germination was higher on the seed with scarification of soaked in GA3 solution 300 and 500 ppm than control, soaked in water 24 H and 48 H. This pattern also appeared on germination index. Mean germination time showed slower on control, soaked in water 24 H and 48 H than the use of GA3300 and 500 ppm. The use of VAM did not significantly affect the cumulative germination, germination index, and mean germination time. A time-series observation showed that seed sown on media with VAM tended to germinate slower than media without VAM.
Plant Regeneration Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis from Leaf Explants of Paraphalaenopsis Labukensis P. S. Shim
Authors: Garvita R.Vitri , Sahromi  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Paraphalaenopsis is a small genus of the tribe Vandeae, the genus comprises 4 species: Paraphalaenopsis denevei, Paraphalaenopsis laycockii, Paraphalaenopsis labukensis and Paraphalaenopsis serpentilingua. All are known endemic to Borneo, and also rare due to over exploitation, therefore requires rescue efforts. In vitro culture is one of effort that can be done to regenerate a large number of seedlings and to ex situ conservation. Optimal growth and morphogenesis of tissues may vary for different plants according to their nutritional requirement. Auxin (NAA) is an essential factor for root growth in tissue culture work. Activated charcoal is often used in tissue culture to improve cell growth and development. This research was conducted to find out the in vitro growth effect from leaf explants of P. labukensis with plant growth regulators (NAA) and activated charcoal on ½ MS medium as basal medium. The treatment with NAA 2 ppm and 1 g/l activated charcoal showed the highest percentage of life (50 %) and percentage of leaf (57.1 %). The largest percentage of roots showed in 2 g/l activated charcoal (35.7 %). The death of leaf explants P. labukensis was caused by browning. The phenolic compound which accumulated during wounding is causing browning.
Silviculture and Productivity of Calamus inops as an Important Resource toward Self-Financing for Lore Lindu National Park
Authors: Rinekso  , Yulianto  , Hikmat Agus , Kusmana Cecep 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Local communities have been given access to harvest rattan in the traditional zone of Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP) as the conservation incentive. Calamus inops is the most valuable rattan in terms of economic value. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to propose conservation strategies of Calamus inops and analysis its potential source of self-financing mechanism for LLNP. We conducted the rattan inventory using stratified sampling based on habitat types with 39 strip samplings and 195 plots. The results showed that Calamus inops was found in lower montane forest and upper montane forest. The habitat preferences were various such as altitude ranges from 931 m asl to 1753 m als; pH from 6 to 7.5; and climate in C1, D1, and E1 of the Oldeman classification. Whereas, standing stock and productivity of traditional zone in 2018 were 397.23 tons, and 92.7 tons year−1 respectively. LLNP will gain benefits for self-financing trough decreasing monitoring operational cost and non-tax state revenue (PNBP) from rattan. Briefly, Calamus inops has potential as a financial resource combining with other revenue sources of LLNP. For improvement, restocking with seedlings and implement other silvicultural practices are strongly suggested to increase productivity. Moreover, it is needed supporting regulations to implement the self-financing concept.
Potential Nutrient Leaves of Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb for Improving Soil Physical Properties of Post Mining Areas in East Kalimantan
Authors: Sukariyan  , Marjenah  , Kustiawan W , Hartati W , Wiyani N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Physical damage of soil in the post mining area in overburden (OB) material in the form of hardened and compacted structure and texture of the soil. Physical soil damage affects plant growth rate. The Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb plant has the ability to grow, has a high macro-nutrient content in the leaves, high macro-chemical content can improve the repairment of the soil physical properties into crumbs and fertility.
Land Suitability Evaluation of Jati Plus Perhutani: Study Case in Ngawi and Surakarta Forest Management Unit
Authors: Muharyani N , Abdillah E , Cahyanti E T N , Maryanto  , Sudaryanto E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Soil is one of the land resources that serves as a medium for plant growth, habitat for soil organisms, recycling systems for nutrient and organic matter and water supply mechanism. Soil qualities and characteristics will determine their ability as a land resource that could change at any time. Soil suitability evaluation conducted by soil survey, aimed to assess the characteristics of the soil, determine the limitation factors of land suitability, and alternatives cultivation to improve its productivity. This research aimed to determine land characteristics, land suitability classification, limitation factors of land suitability, and providing strategic directives for JPP teak cultivation on the research location at Ngawi and Surakarta FMU. The result of land evaluations are clay land texture, relief: flat (<3-8%) to mountainous (30-40%). Low soil infiltration rate, high water restrain ability, difficult to cultivate and high run-off potential in slope area. Soil acidity: slightly acid (6.11) to alkaline (7.81), C-organic: low (0.58) to high (3.49), N-Total: very low (0.07) to moderate (0.22), P2O5: very low (3.78) to very high (32,0), K2O: moderate (0.58) to very high (1.40), which were formed from 2,039.71 – 2,072.01 mm year-1 rainfall rate with isohypothermic soil temperature and ustic soil humidity regime. Current Land Suitability on sites is not suitable permanently (N2) due to rooting condition as limiting factor (soil effective depth). The potential land suitability to be improved is disassembling the land mechanically, application of organic substances and soil conservation implementation.
Effects of Goat Manure and NPK on the Growth of Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen in Ex-limestone Mining Soil
Authors: Chotimah T , Wasis B , Winata B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Limestone mining is the kind of human activities producing negative impacts to the ecosystem stability. Revegetation is one of the efforts to improve the ecosystem of ex-limestone mining soil. Species selection that appropriates with the marginal soil is the key to reach the successfully revegetation. Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen is a pioneer species, potential to be planted on ex-limestone mining soil. This research aims to analyze the effect of goat manure and NPK fertilizer to promote the growth of P. falcataria seedlings in ex-limestone mining soil and to find out the optimum dose of those combination treatments. The result showed that the combination of goat manure and NPK fertilizer did not significantly affect height, diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, shoot-root ratio growth parameters. However, that treatment significantly affected the number of root nodules. These results indicated that P. falcatria is a pioneer species that may adapt quickly to grow in ex-limestone mining soil. The addition of goat manure and NPK fertilizer could improve that soil characteristic and the P. falcatria growth.
Natural regeneration potential of Shorea pinanga Scheff and Shorea platyclados Slooten ex Endert. in Gunung Dahu research forest, Bogor-West Java
Authors: Maulidah I , Pamoengkas P , Rachmat H H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Natural regeneration potency is important component that ensure replenished of trees as older trees are died or harvested. Natural regeneration drives the change of stand structure by time. The objectives of this research were to analyze the potential and natural regeneration of S. pinanga and S. platyclados stand, and to analyze environmental factors that affect the natural regeneration of both species in Gunung Dahu Research Forest (GDRF). Natural regeneration potantial of S. pinanga was very low, only 4 seedlings were found in 2 observation plots, while natural regeneration potential of S. platyclados was higher that had total number of 1874 seedlings observed. Environmental conditions such as slope and elevation were sufficiently support regeneration of S. platyclados at the seedling level.
Improvement of Early Growth of Endemic Sulawesi Trees Species Kalappia celebica by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Gold Mining Tailings
Authors: Husna  , Tuheteru F D , Arif A , Solomon  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Kalapi (Kalappia celebica Kosterm.) is an endemic species of Sulawesi and listed in the IUCN red list as an endangered species. In addition, information about silviculuture of K. celebica type in the world is still limited. One important component of silvicultural techniques to support conservation efforts of K. celebica is the application of fertilizers such as mycorrhizal biofertilizers. The aim of the study was to examine the improvement of initial growth of K. celebica by inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on gold tailings media. This research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association (AMI) branch of Southeast Sulawesi in March - July 2019. The study was designed by using a completely randomized design with 4 AMF inoculums treatments namely control, Acaulospora delicata, Ambiospora appendicula, and Mixed AMF types. Each treatment was repeated 3 times with 5 plant units of each treatment. The results showed that the AMF colonization ranged from 42.2 to 74.6%. The colonization of AMF significantly increased the early growth of K. celebica aged 4 months. Inoculation of A. delicata significantly increased shoot height, number of leaves, shoot and total dry weight. There was no difference of AMF effect in both diameter of the stem and roots dry weight. The dependence of K. celebica on mycorrhizal fungi was high about 51-71% (Mycorrhizal inoculation effect). AMF inoculation improves the initial growth of K. celebica, therefore, it can contribute to the conservation of tropical endangered tree species.
Research on Constant Current Control of Regenerative Braking in Hybrid Energy Storage Electric Bicycle
Authors: Xie Yongdong , Pan Chaofeng , He Zhigang , Gao Qiangye , Chu Yating 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Electric vehicle has gradually become a hot research topic due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. But the traffic is becoming much more crowed because of the sharp increase in the number of private cars, for this reason, the electric bicycle has been more and more popular owing to the convenience of it, especially the electric bicycle is easier than vehicle to park, but the mileage short problem of electric bicycle is always the main factor to influence the development of electric bicycle, moreover, electric bicycles are chiefly used under urban conditions which have frequent start and stop process, so single energy source electric bicycle can not be very good to adapt to these driving conditions. So far, there is little research about the application of the super capacitor and regenerative braking system of the electric bicycle. In this paper, regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage electric bicycle is the research object, the mathematical model of regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage electric bicycle has been established, regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage consists of the brushless dc motor, Buck - Boost DC-DC converter, super capacitor and controller. In order to validate the regenerative braking system model, the regenerative braking simulation test system has been designed and developed, the equivalent small power brushless dc wheel motor drive system is used to simulate the drive system of electric bicycle. The mathematical model of regenerative braking system is calculated and experimental verified, the results show that the established mathematical model is accurate and effective. In order to maintain small braking torque fluctuation range during the braking process, constant current control strategy has been employed to control the armature current. As simulation result and experiment data shows, the hybrid energy storage system can effectively absorb the regenerative braking energy. Stable braking torque can be implemented and higher energy recovery efficiency has been realized in the process by adopting the constant current control strategy.
Assessment of Development Equilibrium of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Based on Passenger Car Data
Authors: Shi Qiufang , Jia Bin , Li Jiangtao , Cui Can 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Urban agglomeration is a regional unit or spatial form of urbanization and economic integration development. Since governments attach more and more importance to the urban agglomeration, the development of urban agglomeration has been rapidly advanced. However, the problem of insufficient and disequilibrium development of urban agglomeration is becoming very outstanding. Therefore, scientific assessment of the urban agglomeration development equilibrium can identify problems and rationally plan for their coordinated development in the future. We use the passenger car data which can better reflect the economic interaction between urbans within an urban agglomeration as the basic data. Then we extract the origin and the destination (OD) of each car trip by combining with the point of interest data close to the road network. Each car trip can be regarded as an interaction between the OD point. In this paper, we take the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration (CZX UA) as the research object. We select car interaction intensity, urban GDP per capita, urban road mileage per unit area and car ownership per capita in CZX UA as the indicators to comprehensively evaluate the development equilibrium of CZX UA. The result reflects that there is a big difference between the interaction in urbans and the development degree from the eastern to the central regions of CZX UA is gradually decreasing, which can proffer advice for the future coordination and sustainable development of CZX UA.