bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of supportive care needs and quality of patient‐centered cancer care with depression in women with breast and cervical cancer in Mexico
Authors: Doubova Svetlana V. , Pérez‐Cuevas Ricardo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of depression, supportive care needs (SC‐needs), and quality of patient‐centered cancer care (PCC‐quality) between women with breast cancer and women with cervical cancer and to assess the association of SC‐needs and PCC‐quality with depression.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey in a public oncology hospital in Mexico City with 247 breast cancer and 165 cervical cancer ambulatory patients aged ≥18 years with at least one hospitalization and ≤5 years since diagnosis. Participants completed the short‐form Supportive Care Needs Survey, the Patient‐Centered Quality of Cancer Care Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We performed multiple logistic regression analyses to evaluate the association between SC‐needs, PCC‐quality, and probable presence of depression.ResultsNearly all women reported SC‐needs—mainly health system and information needs, followed by physical and psychological needs. PCC‐quality was substandard in both groups. PCC‐quality was lowest when addressing biopsychosocial needs, followed by information for treatment decision‐making needs. Cervical cancer patients had probable depression more often (41.2%) than those with breast cancer (29.5%). Having unmet psychological and care needs was associated with increased odds of probable depression, while high‐quality timely care was associated with reduced odds of probable depression.ConclusionIn Mexico, women with cervical and breast cancer face unmet SC‐needs, probable depression, and substandard PCC‐quality, pointing to priority areas for improvements in cancer care.
Risk factors for recurrent pulmonary exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
Authors: Hizal Mina , Eryilmaz Polat Sanem , Ramasli Gursoy Tugba , Ozsezen Beste , Ademhan Tural Dilber , Karakaya Jale , Emiralioglu Nagehan , Pekcan Sevgi , Tana Aslan Ayse , Yalcin Ebru , Dogru Deniz , Ozcelik Ugur , Kiper Nural 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the risk factors of recurrent pulmonary exacerbation and poor prognosis in children with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH).MethodsIn this multicenter study, 54 patients with a diagnosis of IPH were included. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed from three tertiary care hospitals between 1979 and 2019. Also, current information and the long‐term progress of patients was determined by contacting the families by telephone.ResultsA total of 54 children were included. The median age of onset of symptoms was 4.5 years (3 months to 15.8 years). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 0.9 years (0.25 months to 12 years). The mean number of recurrent episodes per child in the recurrence‐positive group was 3.55 (1–15). Univariate analysis demonstrated that patients presenting with hypoxia or requiring transfusion at the time of presentation had significantly more recurrence episodes (p = .002). Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of hypoxia at the time of initial presentation was a significant independent predictor of recurrent episodes (p = .027). The median follow‐up was 3.3 years (0.75 months to 27 years). There was a significant relationship between the presence of hypoxia, transfusion history, antinuclear antibody positivity, and elevated transaminases at the time of initial evaluation and treatment response.ConclusionsThe present study provides substantial information regarding factors that may affect recurrent exacerbations and prognosis in children with IPH. Demonstrating hypoxia as an independent risk factor in recurrence episodes could guide physicians in the planning of treatment strategies.
The bromodomains of BET family proteins can recognize diacetylated histone H2A.Z
Authors: Patel Karishma , Solomon Paul D. , Walshe James L. , Low Jason K. K. , Mackay Joel P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChemical modifications of histone tails influence genome accessibility and the transcriptional state of eukaryotic cells. Lysine acetylation is one of the most common modifications and acetyllysine‐binding bromodomains (BDs) provide a means for acetyllysine marks to be translated into meaningful cellular responses. Here, we have investigated the mechanism underlying the reported association between the Bromodomain and Extra Terminal (BET) family of BD proteins and the essential histone variant H2A.Z. We use NMR spectroscopy to demonstrate a physical interaction between the N‐terminal tail of H2A.Z and the BDs of BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4, and show that the interaction is dependent on lysine acetylation in H2A.Z. The BDs preferentially engage a diacetylated H2A.Z‐K4acK7ac motif that is reminiscent of sequences found in other biologically important BET BD target proteins, including histones and transcription factors. A H2A.Z‐K7acK11ac motif can also bind BET BDs—with a preference for the second BD of each protein. Chemical shift perturbation mapping of the interactions, together with an X‐ray crystal structure of BRD2‐BD1 bound to H2A.Z‐K4acK7ac, shows that H2A.Z binds the canonical AcK binding pocket of the BDs. This mechanism mirrors the conserved binding mode that is unique to the BET BDs, in which two acetylation marks are read simultaneously by a single BD. Our findings provide structural corroboration of biochemical and cell biological data that link H2A.Z and BET‐family proteins, suggesting that the function of H2A.Z is enacted through interactions with these chromatin readers.
Adjusting win statistics for dependent censoring
Authors: Dong Gaohong , Huang Bo , Wang Duolao , Verbeeck Johan , Wang Jiuzhou , Hoaglin David C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor composite outcomes whose components can be prioritized on clinical importance, the win ratio, the net benefit and the win odds apply that order in comparing patients pairwise to produce wins and subsequently win proportions. Because these three statistics are derived using the same win proportions and they test the same hypothesis of equal win probabilities in the two treatment groups, we refer to them as win statistics. These methods, particularly the win ratio and the net benefit, have received increasing attention in methodological research and in design and analysis of clinical trials. For time‐to‐event outcomes, however, censoring may introduce bias. Previous work has shown that inverse‐probability‐of‐censoring weighting (IPCW) can correct the win ratio for bias from independent censoring. The present article uses the IPCW approach to adjust win statistics for dependent censoring that can be predicted by baseline covariates and/or time‐dependent covariates (producing the CovIPCW‐adjusted win statistics). Theoretically and with examples and simulations, we show that the CovIPCW‐adjusted win statistics are unbiased estimators of treatment effect in the presence of dependent censoring.
One universal method of complex system reliability, maintainability, supportability, testability quotas design and trade‐off based on improved flower pollination algorithm
Authors: Zhu Xuezheng , Han Chaoshuai , Liu Ruiqi , Yan Guohui , Gu Jin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor modern complex system, quality has become a serious and difficult problem that restricts the generation of combat effectiveness. Withal, based on domestic and foreign research and analysis, this paper puts forward a trade‐off method for complex system reliability, maintainability, supportability, testability (RMST) design, which is suitable for product design stage. First, aiming at the uncertain problem of complex system constrained optimization, the good‐point set population initialization, Deb feasibility comparison method and ε constraint method are integrated into the flower pollination algorithm, to construct the algorithm for RMST quotas design and trade‐off. Second, taking the typical series‐parallel repairable system as an example, one general model for complex system RMST quotas design and trade‐off based on effectiveness is constructed. Finally, take an unmanned nuclear radiation detection system as a typical case, to verify its feasibility, advantages, and disadvantages.
Tracking control of single‐link flexible‐joint manipulator with unmodeled dynamics and dead zone
Authors: Yan Ze , Lai Xuzhi , Meng Qingxin , Zhang Pan , Wu Min 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article presents a tracking control approach for a flexible‐joint manipulator (FJM) with single link. This approach can achieve the tracking control objective and reject the influences caused by unmodeled dynamics and dead zone. The main contributions are: (1) a robust tracking control approach for the FJM with single link based on equivalent‐input‐disturbance (EID) method is proposed; (2) the unmodeled dynamics and dead zone are considered simultaneously in the tracking control of the FJM with single link; (3) in the control process, velocity measurements are not required in our approach. The robust stability of the EID‐based approach is proved, and the validity for the FJM with single link is illustrated by simulation results.
Outliers in spectrum of sparse Wigner matrices
Authors: Tikhomirov Konstantin , Youssef Pierre 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the effect of sparsity on the appearance of outliers in the semi‐circular law. Let be a sequence of random symmetric matrices such that each Wn is n × n with i.i.d. entries above and on the main diagonal equidistributed with the product , where is a real centered uniformly bounded random variable of unit variance and bn is an independent Bernoulli random variable with a probability of success pn. Assuming that , we show that for the random sequence
given by , the ratio converges to one in probability. A noncentered counterpart of the theorem allows to obtain asymptotic expressions for eigenvalues of the Erdős–Renyi graphs, which were unknown in the regime . In particular, denoting by An the adjacency matrix of the Erdős–Renyi graph and by its kth largest (by the absolute value) eigenvalue, under the assumptions and we have (1) (No non‐trivial outliers): if
then for any fixed k ≥ 2, converges to 1 in probability; and (2) (Outliers): if then there is ε > 0 such that for any , we have . On a conceptual level, our result reveals similarities in appearance of outliers in spectrum of sparse matrices and the so‐called BBP phase transition phenomenon in deformed Wigner matrices.
Rheological Analysis of Polysaccharide Hydrogels
Authors: Alemdar Mahinur , Ceylan Tuncaboylu Deniz 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis research highlights the viscoelastic responses of high amylose (Amy) starch—epichlorohydrin (ECH) hydrogels. Besides establishing the correlation between the amounts of reaction components and properties of the networks, the influence of the Amy ratio and incorporation of hyaluronic acid (HA) are also evaluated. The resulting materials are examined by their swelling, viscoelastic, and also morphological properties. While elastic and viscous moduli are an increasing function of starch and ECH feed amounts, the mol ratio of NaOH is found to be a key parameter in the crosslinking reactions. During the continuous step–strain test, the network with low Amy ratio loses ≈92 ± 4% of its initial mechanical strength, high amylose gels with and without HA are completely returned to the original states after sol–gel transitions. Time dependent relaxation moduli are observed for high Amy gels and the dynamics are slightly suppressed by the incorporation of HA with smaller and more stable pore structures.
Biosensors based on DNA logic gates
Authors: Yin Fangfei , Wang Fei , Fan Chunhai , Zuo Xiaolei , Li Qian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAbstractBiosensor is a device that responds to a particular target in a selective way by incorporation of biological recognition as sensing unit. For practical biomedical applications, a digital output (a qualitative YES/NO answer) is highly demanded for certain end‐user or point‐of‐care applications. Boolean logic, which can be applied to any type of information expressed as 0 (NO) and 1 (YES), is widely employed to achieve such qualitative analysis. Over the past decade, owing to DNA's advantages of stability, accessibility, and manipulability, significant research efforts have been focused on the design and application of DNA logic gates (DLG)‐based biosensors capable of implementing logic‐gated biomedical functions. This review summarizes the existed representative examples and the advanced developments of DLG biosensors, and discusses the limitations and the future directions on the development of novel nanosensors based on DNA logic operations for realizing highly efficient diagnosis.
Climatepreneurship: Adaptation Strategy for Climate Change Impacts on Rural Women Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria
Authors: Akinbami C. A. O. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAdequate and proper adaptation strategies to climate change depend largely on activities in the rural sector, which drives national economy through exploitation of natural resources. Consequently, actions in rural areas are essential to successful climate change adaptation. Rural communities are highly dependent upon natural resources that are affected by climate change, thus affecting their food security, livelihoods, health, and physical infrastructure. Women and their livelihood practices are thereby affected negatively, leading to increased poverty level and low income, because they find it difficult to respond adequately to climate change effects. This study examines the past and existing interventions on climate change adaptation strategies in two rural communities in Oyo State, introduces climatepreneurship strategy, and assesses its effectiveness. This is an explorative study, employing qualitative approach to gather information through in-depth interview (IDIs) from 50 farmers, before and after the interventions. Data collected were analyzed using Atlas ti. This is a powerful workbench for qualitative data analysis using coding and annotating activities to generate different thematic issues for discussions and interpretations with networks. Study revealed that communities had previously experienced some interventions. Such had no impact on livelihood practices because steps to successful intervention were not followed. Socio-cultural practices hinder women development. The newly introduced climatepreneurship strategy improved livelihood practices. Study outcomes will expectedly be integrated into policy framework for sustainable rural women entrepreneurship development and also replicated in other rural areas in Nigeria.
Novel mechanism for primordial perturbations in minimal extensions of the Standard Model
Authors: Karam Alexandros , Markkanen Tommi , Marzola Luca , Nurmi Sami , Raidal Martti , Rajantie Arttu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We demonstrate that light spectator fields in their equilibrium can source sizeable CMB anisotropies through modulated reheating even in the absence of direct couplings to the inflaton. The effect arises when the phase space of the inflaton decay is modulated by the spectator which generates masses for the decay products. We call the mechanism indirect modulation and using the stochastic eigenvalue expansion show that it can source perturbations even four orders of magnitude larger than the observed amplitude. Importantly, the indirect mechanism is present in the Standard Model extended with right- handed neutrinos. For a minimally coupled Higgs boson this leads to a novel lower bound on the quartic coupling and constrains the neutrino Yukawas below unity.
Gravitational shock waves and scattering amplitudes
Authors: Cristofoli Andrea 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We study gravitational shock waves using scattering amplitude techniques. After first reviewing the derivation in General Relativity as an ultrarelativistic boost of a Schwarzschild solution, we provide an alternative derivation by exploiting a novel relation between scattering amplitudes and solutions to Einstein field equations. We prove that gravitational shock waves arise from the classical part of a three point function with two massless scalars and a graviton. The region where radiation is localized has a distributional profile and it is now recovered in a natural way, thus bypassing the introduction of singular coordinate transformations as used in General Relativity. The computation is easily generalized to arbitrary dimensions and we show how the exactness of the classical solution follows from the absence of classical contributions at higher loops. A classical double copy between gravitational and electromagnetic shock waves is also provided and for a spinning source, using the exponential form of three point amplitudes, we infer a remarkable relation between gravitational shock waves and spinning ones, also known as gyratons. Using this property, we infer a family of exact solutions describing gravitational shock waves with spin. We then compute the phase shift of a particle in a background of shock waves finding agreement with an earlier computation by Amati, Ciafaloni and Veneziano for particles in the high energy limit. Applied to a gyraton, it provides a result for the scattering angle to all orders in spin.
On unsteady flows of pore pressure-activated granular materials
Authors: Abbatiello Anna , Bulíček Miroslav , Los Tomáš , Málek Josef , Souček Ondřej 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe investigate mathematical properties of the system of nonlinear partial differential equations that describe, under certain simplifying assumptions, evolutionary processes in water-saturated granular materials. The unconsolidated solid matrix behaves as an ideal plastic material before the activation takes place and then it starts to flow as a Newtonian or a generalized Newtonian fluid. The plastic yield stress is non-constant and depends on the difference between the given lithostatic pressure and the pressure of the fluid in a pore space. We study unsteady three-dimensional flows in an impermeable container, subject to stick-slip boundary conditions. Under realistic assumptions on the data, we establish long-time and large-data existence theory.
Viscoelastic properties of thermo-hydro-mechanically treated beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) determined using dynamic mechanical analysis
Authors: Kutnar Andreja , O’Dell Jane , Hunt Christopher , Frihart Charles , Kamke Frederick , Schwarzkopf Matthew 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processing can improve the intrinsic properties of wood, produce new materials, and give desired form and function to new applications. THM treatments change the mechanical properties of wood and may change its viscoelastic properties as well. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the viscoelastic properties of THM-treated wood at several humidity and load levels. To explore these changes, this study applied a THM treatment to beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood with steam (620 kPa) and heat (170 °C), followed by densification and increased temperature (200 °C) in a hot-press, which was then cooled while under pressure. Two initial specimen thicknesses before THM treatment were used to study the difference between density ratios. Specimens were tested in a humidity-controlled dynamic mechanical analyser (DMA) to apply creep stress with different loading levels (20% and 30% of expected modulus of rupture) and relative humidity levels (30%, 50%, and 65% RH). The creep compliance/recovery response was monitored, and dynamic moduli were measured before and after the application of creep stress. The loss modulus measured was highest for specimens tested at 65% RH and lowest in specimens tested at 30% RH, which is a direct result of the viscous response of the material. Increased damping of the specimens was also observed at higher RH, which is typical for wood products due to added moisture in the cell wall acting as a plasticizer to cell wall polymers. Like previous studies, THM treatment lowered the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of densified wood specimens, which affected their mechanical performance. THM treatment yields higher strength and lower EMC, suggesting that this product could be suitable for structural applications where their service life is in an indoor environment. THM treatment also resulted in decreased creep compliance and recovery compliance as compared to control specimens.
Hyphenated high-resolution mass spectrometry—the “all-in-one” device in analytical toxicology?
Authors: Maurer Hans H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis trend article reviews papers with hyphenated high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) approaches applied in analytical toxicology, particularly in clinical and forensic toxicology published since 2016 and referenced in PubMed. The article focuses on the question of whether HRMS has or will become the all-in-one device in these fields as supposed by the increasing number of HRMS presentations at scientific meetings, corresponding original papers, and review articles. Typical examples for the different application fields are discussed such as targeted or untargeted drug screening, quantification, drug metabolism studies, and metabolomics approaches. Considering the reviewed papers, HRMS is currently the only technique that fulfills the criteria of an all-in-one device for the various applications needed in analytical toxicology.Graphical abstract
Multiscale Shear Forcing of Turbulence in the Nocturnal Boundary Layer: A Statistical Analysis
Authors: Boyko Vyacheslav , Vercauteren Nikki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe lower nocturnal boundary layer is governed by intermittent turbulence which is thought to be triggered by sporadic activity of so-called sub-mesoscale motions in a complex way. We analyze intermittent turbulence based on an assumed relation between the vertical gradients of the sub-mean scales and turbulence kinetic energy. We analyze high-resolution nocturnal eddy-correlation data from 30-m tower collected during the Fluxes over Snow Surfaces II field program. The non-turbulent velocity signal is decomposed using a discrete wavelet transform into three ranges of scales interpreted as the mean, jet and sub-mesoscales. The vertical gradients of the sub-mean scales are estimated using finite differences. The turbulence kinetic energy is modelled as a discrete-time autoregressive process with exogenous variables, where the latter ones are the vertical gradients of the sub-mean scales. The parameters of the discrete model evolve in time depending on the locally-dominant turbulence-production scales. The three regimes with averaged model parameters are estimated using a subspace-clustering algorithm which illustrates a weak bimodal distribution in the energy phase space of turbulence and sub-mesoscale motions for the very stable boundary layer. One mode indicates turbulence modulated by sub-mesoscale motions. Furthermore, intermittent turbulence appears if the sub-mesoscale intensity exceeds$$10 \%$$10%of the mean kinetic energy in strong stratification.