bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Twitter to Surveil the Opioid Epidemic in North Carolina: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Anwar Mohd , Khoury Dalia , Aldridge Arnie P , Parker Stephanie J , Conway Kevin P 
Published: May 2020

Background
Over the last two decades, deaths associated with opioids have escalated in number and geographic spread, impacting more and more individuals, families, and communities. Reflecting on the shifting nature of the opioid overdose crisis, Dasgupta, Beletsky, and Ciccarone offer a triphasic framework to explain that opioid overdose deaths (OODs) shifted from prescription opioids for pain (beginning in 2000), to heroin (2010 to 2015), and then to synthetic opioids (beginning in 2013). Given the rapidly shifting nature of OODs, timelier surveillance data are critical to inform strategies that combat the opioid crisis. Using easily accessible and near real-time social media data to improve public health surveillance efforts related to the opioid crisis is a promising area of research.

Objective
This study explored the potential of using Twitter data to monitor the opioid epidemic. Specifically, this study investigated the extent to which the content of opioid-related tweets corresponds with the triphasic nature of the opioid crisis and correlates with OODs in North Carolina between 2009 and 2017.

Methods
Opioid-related Twitter posts were obtained using Crimson Hexagon, and were classified as relating to prescription opioids, heroin, and synthetic opioids using natural language processing. This process resulted in a corpus of 100,777 posts consisting of tweets, retweets, mentions, and replies. Using a random sample of 10,000 posts from the corpus, we identified opioid-related terms by analyzing word frequency for each year. OODs were obtained from the Multiple Cause of Death database from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER). Least squares regression and Granger tests compared patterns of opioid-related posts with OODs.

Results
The pattern of tweets related to prescription opioids, heroin, and synthetic opioids resembled the triphasic nature of OODs. For prescription opioids, tweet counts and OODs were statistically unrelated. Tweets mentioning heroin and synthetic opioids were significantly associated with heroin OODs and synthetic OODs in the same year (P=.01 and P<.001, respectively), as well as in the following year (P=.03 and P=.01, respectively). Moreover, heroin tweets in a given year predicted heroin deaths better than lagged heroin OODs alone (P=.03).

Conclusions
Findings support using Twitter data as a timely indicator of opioid overdose mortality, especially for heroin.
Diseño de prototipo para transformación de energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica
Authors: Vera-Duarte Luis Emilio , Bermudez-Santaella Jose Ricardo , Osorio-Sepulveda Jose Alberto 
Published: May 2020

Basado en el estudio realizado en el litoral brasilero por el PhD. Jonas Takeo Carvalho, se diseñó un prototipo, con principio de funcionamiento de boya, se obtienen las características de las bobinas y del magneto para las diferentes estaciones del año, las cuales transforman la energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica, este puede funcionar en cualquier posición y desplazamiento de ondas, en zonas lejos de costa (Offshore). De la simulación del generador para cada estación, se obtuvieron datos de desempeño, que permitieron establecer los parámetros definitivos para una máxima eficiencia en la transformación de energía.
Application of Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis for Discrimination of Palm Oil
Authors: Mohd Ruah Mas Ezatul Nadia , Rasaruddin Nor Fazila , Sim Siong Fong , Jaafar Mohd Zuli 
Published: May 2020

This paper outlines the application of chemometrics and pattern recognition tools to classify palm oil using Fourier Transform Mid Infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR). FT-MIR spectroscopy is used as an effective analytical tool in order to categorise the oil into the category of unused palm oil and used palm oil for frying. The samples used in this study consist of 28 types of pure palm oil, and 28 types of frying palm oils. FT-MIR spectral was obtained in absorbance mode at the spectral range from 650 cm·1 to 4000 cm·1 using FT-MIR-ATR sample handling. The aim of this work is to develop fast method in discriminating the palm oil by implementing Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Leaming Vector Quantisation (LVQ) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Raw FT-MIR spectra were subjected to Savitzky-Golay smoothing and standardised before developing the classification models. The classification model was validated by finding the value of percentage correctly classified using test set for every model in order to show which classifier provided the best classification. In order to improve the performance of the classification model, variable selection method known as /-statistic method was applied. The significant variable in developing classification model was selected through this method. The result revealed that PLS-DA classifier of the standardised data with application of t-statistic showed the best performance with highest percentage correctly classified among the classifiers.
Bending Strength of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Ribbed Slab Panel
Authors: Samsudin Amir Syafiq , Mohd Hashim Mohd Hisbany , Hamzah Siti Hawa , Abu Bakar Afidah 
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, demands in the application of fibre in concrete increase gradually as an engineering material. Rapid cost increment of material causes the increase in demand of new technology that provides safe, efficient and economical design for the present and future application. The introduction of ribbed slab reduces concrete materials and thus the cost, but the strength of the structure also reduces due to the reducing of material. Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) has the ability to maintain a part of its tensile strength prior to crack in order to resist more loading compared to conventional concrete. Meanwhile, the ribbed slab can help in material reduction. This research investigated on the bending strength of 2-ribbed and 3-ribbed concrete slab with steel fibre reinforcement under static loading with a span of 1500 mm and 1000 mm x 75 mm in cross section. An amount of 40 kg/m steel fibre of all total concrete volume was used as reinforcement instead of conventional bars with concrete grade 30 N/mm2. The slab was tested under three-point bending. Load versus deflection curve was plotted to illustrate the result and to compare the deflection between control and ribbed slab. This research shows that SFRC Ribbed Slab capable to withstand the same amount of load as normal slab structure, although the concrete volume reduces up to 20%.
Preliminary Investigation on the Flexural Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Ribbed Slab
Authors: Suparlan Nur Aiman , Ku Ayob Muhammad Azrul , Ahmad Hazrina , Hamzah Siti Hawa , Mohd Hashim Mohd Hisbany 
Published: May 2020

A ribbed slab structure has the advantage in the reduction of concrete volume in between the ribs resulting in a lower structural self-weight. In order to overcome the drawbacks in the construction process, the application of steel fibre self-compacting concrete (SCFRC) is seen as an alternative material to be used in the slab. This preliminary investigation was carried out to investigate the flexural behaviour of steel fibre self-compacting concrete (SCFRC) as the main material in ribbed slab omitting the conventional reinforcements. Two samples of ribbed slab were prepared for this preliminary study; 2-ribbed and 3-ribbed in 1 m width to identify the effect of the geometry to the slab’s flexural behaviour. The dimension of both samples is 2.5 m x 1 m with 150 mm thickness. The compressive strength of the mix is 48.6 MPa based on the cubes tested at 28 days. Load was applied to failure by using the four point bending test set-up with simple support condition. The result of the experiment recorded ultimate load carrying capacity at 30.68 kN for the 2-ribbed slab and 25.52 kN for 3-ribbed slab. From the results, the ultimate load of the 2-ribbed sample exceeds 3-ribbed by approximately 20%. This proved that even with lower concrete volume, the sample can still withstand an almost similar ultimate load. Cracks was also observed and recorded with the maximum crack width of 2 mm. It can be concluded that the steel fibres do have the potential to withstand flexural loadings. Steel fibre reduces macro-crack forming into micro-cracks and improves concrete ductility, as well as improvement in deflection. This shows that steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete is practical as it offers good concrete properties as well as it can be mixed, placed easier without compaction.
Potentiality of Banana (Musa) Stem as Raw Material in Chemical Nonwood Pulping
Authors: Leong Soo Kwan , Abd Rahman Rakmi 
Published: May 2020

Wood is not sufficient in many countries to meet the rise demand for paper and pulp. In recent years, a lot of researches have been done to find a new, non-wood raw material for paper production especially using agricultural waste. Agriculture industry is one of the main industries in Malaysia which has generated a large amount of waste every year such as banana stem, rice hull, sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw. These are regarded as abundant, inexpensive and readily available natural resources for pulping industry. The purpose of this paper is to study of the pulping potentialities of banana stems which are growing in Malaysia. In this research the banana stem is used as raw material in the pulping process for the purpose of producing cellulose as pulp. The chemical pulping method which is used in the study is soda pulping, where NaOH is the main chemical substance used in cooking and with anthroquinone as the additive. Temperature, residence time and dosage of chemical were the parameters to be manipulated in this non-wood chemical pulping process to get an optimum condition for pulping. A 3 litre batch reactor was used in this non-wood chemical pulping process. The concentration of NaOH used was varied from 10 – 45 % and cooking temperature was varied from 100 – 200 °C. The ratio of solid to liquid is set at 1:8 and also the cooking period was varied from 30 – 210 minutes. The result shows that the optimum yield of pulp from this study is at 20 % w/w NaOH, cooking at 160 °C with 120 minutes. The yield of pulp is around 30 %. The cellulose content in the pulp produced is as high as 90 %.
The Construction of Racism in Edward P Jones’s The Known World: A Genetic Structuralism Analysis
Authors: Astutiningsih Irana 
Published: May 2020

Wacana diskriminasi rasial telah menjadi perbincangan yang tak henti baik dalam konteks akademik maupun non-akademik. Sebagai hasil penelitian, artikel ini membincang wacana rasisme yang mewujud dalam konteks perbudakan dengan objek materi novel The Known World, sebuah novel karya Eward P Jones yang diterbitkan tahun 2003 dan berlatar fenomena perbudakan di abad ke-19. Dengan merujuk pada teori Strukturalisme Genetik yang digagas Lucien Goldman, riset ini berupaya untuk mengetahui bagaimana wacana rasis dalam perbudakan dikonstruksi dalam novel terkait dengan latar kontekstualnya di Amerika pada abad ke-19. Lebih jauh lagi, riset ini juga berupaya menemukan pandangan dunia terkait persoalan rasis sebagaimana terkonstruksi dalam novel. Melalui metode dialektik Goldman, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa diskriminasi rasial tidak hanya dilakukan oleh orang-orang kulit putih terhadap kulit hitam sebagai budak mereka, namun juga dilakukan oleh orangorang kulit hitam terhadap sesama kulit hitam. Dengan kata lain, ada wacana rasisme internal dimana orang kulit hitam yang telah dibebaskan dari perbudakan kembali mereproduksi wacana perbudakan dan rasisme dengan cara memiliki budak kulit hitam.
Ras dan Homoseksualitas: Gagasan James Baldwin dalam Another Country
Authors: Prabasmoro Tisna , Budhiyono Rasus 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini mencoba untuk ikut menyumbangkan gagasan-gagasan pada diskusi tentang isu-isu ras dan homoseksualitas yang pelik di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1960-an. Agar dapat mendekati permasalahan yang kompleks ini, penelitian membahas novel karangan James Baldwin berjudul Another Country, yang menantang supremasi kulit putih dengan pemikiran-pemikirannya perihal identitas pribadi dan sosial. Pada penelitian ini Another Country dimanfaatkan untuk menunjukkan pentingnya pemikiran-pemikiran Baldwin tentang identitas personal dan sosial, berkaitan dengan pengenalan dam pengakuan diri seseorang sebagai manusia, yang menjadi lokus pendukung perubahan sosial yang diperlukan untuk terciptanya keselarasan hubungan-hubungan di Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis kehidupan dan karya Balwin terhadap perkembangan politik pada masanya, dan dengan meminjam konsep-konsep identitas, untuk menunjukkan bagaimana dikotomi warga berkulit putih dan hitam adalah pengalaman-pengalaman hidup Baldwin yang paling mengganggu, namun bermakna. Penelitian ini juga pada akhirnya menunjukkan bahwa dengan mempelajari Baldwin sebagai individu dan anggota masyarakat, kita dapat menafsirkan eksistensi dan ekstensi dikotomi yang tidak berterima tersebut: keunggulan warga berkulit putih disamakan dengan keumuman heteroseksualitas dan kemarjinalan warga berkulit hitam dengan keterasingan homoseksualitas.
VERBA BANTU BENEFAKTIF TEKURERU DAN TEMORAU DALAM KALIMAT BAHASA JEPANG
Authors: Iriantini Sri - 
Published: May 2020

Bahasa Jepang merupakan bahasa yang unik, dengan karakteristik yang berbeda dengan bahasa lainnya. Selain sebagai bahasa SOV, dalam beberapa struktur pun mempunyai ciri khas yang membedakannya dengan bahasa lain. Misalnya dalam struktur yang menggunakan verba-verba benefaktif yarimorai, yang terdiri dari 7 varian verba. Verba-verba ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan adanya suatu benefit yang diberikan dan diterima oleh seseorang. Dalam bahasa lain, bentuk benefaktif ini dapat terlihat dan diamati dari sisi semantisnya, tetapi secara sintaksis dan morfolgis mungkin bisa saja menggunakan satu verba yang sama dengan bentuk kausatif, seperti verba ‘membetulkan’ dalam bahasa Indonesia.Verba-verba benefaktif yarimorai ini dapat juga digunakan bersama-sama dengan verba inti sebagai verba bantu atau hojodoushi, dengan mengubahnya terlebih dahulu ke dalam bentuk te, diantaranya tekureru dan temorau. Keduanya ini secara sintaksis dan semantis mempunyai beberapa persamaan dan perbedaan, diantaranya merupakan suatu peristiwa penerimaan.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan data-data yang diambil dari buku-buku berbahasa Jepang.Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa bentuk tekureru dan temorau, mempunyai persamaan secara sintaksis dan semantis, yaitu bahwa penerima keuntungan (peruntung) adalah pembicara, dan pemberi keuntungan / benefit adalah orang kedua / orang ketiga. Perbedaannya yaitu, jika tekureru, lebih memfokuskan kepada kebaikan pemberi keuntungan, sementara temorau lebih memfokuskan kepada rasa syukur / terima kasih yang didapatkan oleh peruntung, dan juga dari viewpointnya. Kata Kunci : Verba benefaktif yarimorai, bentuk benefaktif tekureru-temorau, analisis sintaksis dan semantis.
PEMETAAN PENGETAHUAN LOKAL UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN WISATA BUDAYA
Authors: CMS Samson , Gumilar Tri 
Published: May 2020

Pengetahuan lokal kini dianggap penting untuk mengatur tatanan masyarakat. Dengan mengenal pengetahuan lokal, sebuah bangsa akan mengetahui peradaban dirinya. Warisan nenek moyang ini merupakan kekuatan dalam menghadapi persaingan di kancah global. Dalam pengetahuan lokal tersimpan data dan informasi mengenai karakter keunikan lokal, ilmu pengetahuan, pengalaman masyarakat dalam menghadapi masalah dan kebutuhan serta solusinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peta potensi pengetahuan lokal dan budaya di masyarakat Tatar Karang serta alasan mengapa masyarakat Tatar Karang mendirikan pusat informasi budaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus; pengamatan partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi serta repertoar tradisi literasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) peta pengetahuan lokal dan potensi wisata budaya yang sesuai dengan UU No. 5 tahun 2017 tentang Pemajuan Kebudayaan pasal 5 dan 11 sangat melimpah, baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas; 2) pusat informasi budaya hadir sebagai ruang publik dan ruang ekspresi masyarakat Tatar Karang dalam upaya penggalian, pelestarian, transformasi dan pelayanan informasi budaya. Dengan mengenal sumber-sumber informasi pengetahuan lokal, kita akan mengetahui potensi faktual budaya. Kehadirannya tidak saja menumbuhkan optimisme, tapi memberi solusi, ekonomi dan jati diri.
REPRESENTASI PALESTINA DALAM KISAH NABI YUSUF Analisis Semiotik Puisi “Ana Yūsufu(n) Yā Abī” Karya Mahmud Darwis
Authors: Ikhwan Ikhwan , Sari Bayu Sekar 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang puisi “Ana Yūsufu(n) Yā Abī” karya Mahmud Darwis dengan menggunakan pendekatan semiotika puisi Riffaterre. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan makna implisit atau makna tersembunyi di balik puisi, sehingga dapat dimengerti maksudnya oleh pembaca. Tahapan penelitian meliputi: pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik, analisis ekspresi tidak langsung, identifikasi matriks, model, dan varian, serta identifikasi hipogram. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa puisi ini pada dasarnya merupakan ekspresi keluh kesah pengarangnya, sebagai rakyat Palestina, dalam menghadapi bayang-bayang invasi Israel dan para sekutunya. Ekspresi ini digambarkan secara alegoris di dalam puisi melalui keluh kesah Nabi Yusuf kepada ayahnya, tentang perbuatan saudara-saudaranya yang mengucilkannya serta menghendaki kematiannya. Matriks puisi tersembunyi di balik kalimat model, “ghārū wa tsārū ‘alaika” (Mereka cemburu dan memberontak kepadamu).Kata kunci : Palestina, Mahmud Darwisy, Adabul-Muqawamah, semiotika.
Remarks Connected with the Weak Limit of Iterates of Some Random-Valued Functions and Iterative Functional Equations
Authors: Baron Karol 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper consists of two parts. At first, assuming that (Ω, A, P) is a probability space and (X, ϱ) is a complete and separable metric space with the σ-algebra 𝒝 of all its Borel subsets we consider the set 𝒭
c
of all 𝒝 ⊗ 𝒜-measurable and contractive in mean functions f : X × Ω → X with finite integral ∫ Ω
ϱ (f(x, ω), x) P (dω) for x ∈ X, the weak limit π
f
of the sequence of iterates of f ∈ 𝒭
c
, and investigate continuity-like property of the function f ↦ π
f, f ∈ 𝒭
c
, and Lipschitz solutions φ that take values in a separable Banach space of the equation

φ

(
x
)

=

∫
Ω

φ

(

f

(

x
,
ω

)

)

P

(

d
ω

)

+
F

(
x
)

.

\varphi \left( x \right) = \int_\Omega {\varphi \left( {f\left( {x,\omega } \right)} \right)P\left( {d\omega } \right)} + F\left( x \right).

Next, assuming that X is a real separable Hilbert space, Λ: X → X is linear and continuous with ||Λ || < 1, and µ is a probability Borel measure on X with finite first moment we examine continuous at zero solutions φ : X → 𝔺 of the equation

φ

(
x
)

=

μ
⌢

(
x
)

φ

(

Λ
x

)

\varphi \left( x \right) = \mathord{\buildrel{\lower3pt\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\frown$}}\over \mu } \left( x \right)\varphi \left( {\Lambda x} \right)

which characterizes the limit distribution π
f
for some special f ∈ 𝒭
c
.
Histamine and other biogenic amines in food
Authors: Durak-Dados Agata , Michalski Mirosław , Osek Jacek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to give an overview of the presence of biogenic amines, particularly histamine, in various food products, discuss the most important factors influencing their accumulation, and address potential toxicity and safe limits in food. Biogenic amines are natural components of animal and plant raw materials, where they are present at concentrations appearing non-harmful to human health. Their increased content in foods results from the activity of endogenous enzymes or from the microbial decarboxylation of amino acids during controlled or spontaneous fermentation, processing, storage, and distribution. General knowledge of biogenic amines, factors favouring their formation and their safe limits in food are useful in preventing exposure to their toxic effects on the human body. Based on this information, appropriate prophylaxis can be applied, which will consist primarily of maintenance of good hygiene standards of raw materials and products, employment of appropriate processing procedures and upkeep of sanitary food storage conditions.
Master Installation Design And Transformer Need Analysis in Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Denpasar
Authors: Janardana IGN , Wijaya Wayan Arta 
Published: May 2020

Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University, PB. Sudirman Denpasar has 5 building units (buildings A, B, C, D, AF). Currently the AF building is undergoing renovation and is planned to be on 4 floors. The entire building will be equipped with the installation of 2 elevator units. The construction of the two new buildings and the installation of the 2 elevator units caused new problems of electricity shortages, changes in safety settings, unbalanced loads, and changes in the size of the main cable and the needs of the transformer and its capacity. The AF building and building A are supplied from sources on the transformer which are joined with other faculties, while Buildings B, C, D and E are fed by one transformer No. 124303818 with a capacity of 160 kVA. The plan to build an Alumni Building does not yet have electricity.
Based on the analysis of the design, the total amount of power needed in all buildings in the Sudirman Denpasar Faculty of Engineering is the result of the AF Building planning = 134,280 watts, the Alumni Building planning results (building area and building functions are considered equal = 134,280 watts), so the total needs power to the two buildings = 271 560 Watt with a load deviation of 65%, then 0.65 x 271 560 W = 176 514 Watt. Then the total power requirement of the entire building is 259,340 watts. The measurement result of Cos ? 0.92, then P (kVA) = 281,891,3043 Ampere = 281,8913 kVA. So that the transformer needs that must be prepared by the Faculty of Engineering to meet the power requirements at the Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University Denpasar with 80% transformer efficiency is a 350 kVA transformer with a placement position around the Faculty of Engineering area
Pemanfaatan Media Visual dalam Menulis Cerita Pendek pada Semester V Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia FKIP UMSU
Authors: Pasaribu Oktavia Lestari 
Published: May 2020

Pemanfaatan Media Visual bertujuan sebagai alat bantu dalam membantu mahasiswa menulis cerpen (cerita pendek). Disisi lain media visual juga dapat memudahkan mahasiswa dalam menemukan inspirasi atau gambaran untuk tokoh-tokoh yang akan mereka ciptakan dalam cerpen, serta membuat mahasiswa lebih percaya diri atas cerita yang mereka ciptakan, sehingga cerpen yang ditulis menjadi lebih menarik. Jika dikaitkan dengan menulis, maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa pemanfaatan media visual merupakan sebuah proses yang memudahkan mahasiswa untuk menemukan inspirasi dalam menulis cerpen. Jadi, pemanfaatan media visual dapat digunakan dalam setiap proses pembelajaran, terutama ketika nantinya mahasiswa akan menjadi seorang guru bisa mempraktikkan dengan siswa-siswi di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan media visual dalam proses menulis cerpen pada mahasiswa semester V pada Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia FKIP UMSU dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yang telah dijabarkan pada bab sebelumnya, dapat dikatakan pemanfaatan media visual pada mahasiswa Semester V FKIP UMSU berada pada kategori baik di mana nilai rata-rata siswa 83,84. Kata kunci : media visual, menulis, dan cerpen