bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of dynamic metabolic flux analysis for process modeling: Robust flux estimation with regularization, confidence bounds, and selection of elementary modes
Authors: Hebing Lukas , Neymann Tobias , Engell Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn macroscopic dynamic models of fermentation processes, elementary modes (EM) derived from metabolic networks are often used to describe the reaction stoichiometry in a simplified manner and to build predictive models by parameterizing kinetic rate equations for the EM. In this procedure, the selection of a set of EM is a key step which is followed by an estimation of their reaction rates and of the associated confidence bounds. In this paper, we present a method for the computation of reaction rates of cellular reactions and EM as well as an algorithm for the selection of EM for process modeling. The method is based on the dynamic metabolic flux analysis (DMFA) proposed by Leighty and Antoniewicz (2011, Metab Eng, 13(6), 745–755) with additional constraints, regularization and analysis of uncertainty. Instead of using estimated uptake or secretion rates, concentration measurements are used directly to avoid an amplification of measurement errors by numerical differentiation. It is shown that the regularized DMFA for EM method is significantly more robust against measurement noise than methods using estimated rates. The confidence intervals for the estimated reaction rates are obtained by bootstrapping. For the selection of a set of EM for a given st oichiometric model, the DMFA for EM method is combined with a multiobjective genetic algorithm. The method is applied to real data from a CHO fed‐batch process. From measurements of six fed‐batch experiments, 10 EM were identified as the smallest subset of EM based upon which the data can be described sufficiently accurately by a dynamic model. The estimated EM reaction rates and their confidence intervals at different process conditions provide useful information for the kinetic modeling and subsequent process optimization.
Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Central Europe, update from Hungary
Authors: Biernacki Tamás , Sandi Dániel , Fricska‐Nagy Zsanett , Kincses Zsigmond Tamás , Füvesi Judit , Laczkó Rózsa , Kokas Zsófia , Klivényi Péter , Vécsei László , Bencsik Krisztina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesNot so long ago, a novel phenotypic classification of multiple sclerosis (MS) and revisions to the McDonald diagnostic criteria were published. Good quality, standardized, and therefore comparable epidemiological data from the Central European region altogether are scarce, and data based on the aforementioned criteria are nonexistent; thus, an update is needed.Materials and MethodsPatients residing in Csongrád county with a definitive diagnosis of MS according to the 2017 McDonald criteria were included and evaluated by the 2014 revised phenotypic classification.ResultsA total of 420 patients were included, of whom 313 were females (female/male ratio 2.925:1). Standardized prevalence was 101.8/100,000, and incidence was 4.44/100,000. Relapsing–remitting disease type was identified in 288 (68.57%) cases, of which 230 patients (79.86%) were treated and of which 202 patients (87.8%) showed no disease activity with their current treatment. Progressive disease type was seen in 132 (31.43%) cases, with 72 patients (54.54%) receiving treatment. More than half of the treated patients (178, 57%) were administered platform therapies, while 134 (43%) received highly active disease modifying therapies.ConclusionThe prevalence of MS in Hungary similarly to other countries shows a constant increase in the past decades. The majority of our patients received treatment and had a stable disease while being treated. The distribution of disease courses, phenotypes, and treatment status fell in line with data in the literature based on MS registries with a large number of participants. Ours is the first study to give epidemiological data based on the most recent McDonald criteria and phenotypic classification from the Central European region.
Role of entrepreneurial opportunity identification factors in the eco‐innovation of agribusiness
Authors: Ben Amara Dhekra , Chen Hong , Hafeez Muhammad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAgribusiness is central to human life, and eco‐innovation is the key driving force behind economic and ecological growth. However, in developing countries, setting economic and environmental goals remains challenging for entrepreneurs. This article focuses on the perceived role of entrepreneurial opportunity identification (EOI) factors on eco‐innovation in Tunisian agribusiness. A combination of external and sustainable factors was used to create an integrated model to assess the potential of EOI for stimulating eco‐innovation and sustainable development. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the positive effect of these factors and investigate the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. The findings confirm (a) the positive influence of EOI factors on eco‐innovation, which serves as an innovative way for entrepreneurs to gain profits; (b) entrepreneurial alertness constitutes the most important factor for adopting eco‐innovation; (c) entrepreneurial alertness plays a mediating role between (1) prior knowledge and (2) social networks and eco‐innovation.
Scaling sustainability from the organizational periphery to the strategic core: Towards a practice‐based framework of what practitioners “do”
Authors: Ivory Sarah Birrell , MacKay R. Bradley 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper explores what sustainability managers do when attempting to scale sustainability to a strategic level within their organization. Drawing on semistructured interview data with 44 sustainability managers in large, for‐profit companies, we identify three distinct scaling microstrategies that individuals use when scaling sustainability. We label these conforming, leveraging, and shaping. Our analysis also finds that sustainability managers deploy combinations of these microstrategies in three distinct approaches, which we call the assimilation approach, the mobilization approach, and the transition approach. Finally, we interrogate the degree to which employing these different approaches achieves a peripheral, intermediate, or strategic scale of sustainability within the organizations represented in the study. Our paper contributes to theory and practice at the interface of strategy and sustainability by developing a practice‐based Scaling Approach Framework, whereby an assimilation approach is associated with organizations with sustainability at a peripheral scale, a mobilization approach is associated with an intermediate scale of sustainability, and a transition approach is associated with scaling sustainability to a strategic level. From these results, we propose a Scaling Progression Model that reflects the phases that individuals progress through when scaling sustainability.
Communications between the superficial and deep fibular nerves in the foot: An anatomical and electrophysiological study
Authors: Manning Colleen , Cook Samantha , Rand Royale , Mills Jessie , Thomas Ashley , Galloway Kathleen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe deep fibular sensory nerve can be recorded to evaluate for peripheral nerve injury; however, it can be challenging in some individuals. Anatomic variation could account for some of this difficulty. Cadaver dissection and electrophysiological testing were used to characterize deep and superficial fibular sensory nerve supply to the foot.Materials and MethodsNineteen feet from 15 (8 males and 7 females) cadavers were dissected to identify the deep fibular nerves (DFNs) and superficial fibular nerves (SFNs). Sensation to the first dorsal web space was tested electrophysiologically in 101 participants (31 males and 70 females) with an age range of 18–47 years with stimulation over both DFNs and SFNs.ResultsEleven of the 19 (58%) cadaver limbs had a communication between SFNs and DFNs in the dorsum of the foot. A reliable sensory response was recorded in the first dorsal web space in 88% of the limbs tested. Deep fibular stimulation alone produced a response in 34% of the limbs, while superficial fibular stimulation alone produced a response in 10% of the limbs. A separate response with stimulation of both the DFNs and SFNs was recorded in 44% of the limbs.ConclusionsA functional superficial to deep fibular sensory communication is present in a significant portion of the population. Those with the communication may not have the isolated sensory loss that would be expected in the first dorsal web space in conditions impacting the DFNs.
Examining consumer behaviour in the UK Energy sector through the sentimental and thematic analysis of tweets
Authors: Mogaji Emmanuel , Balakrishnan Janarthanan , Kieu Tai Anh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConsumer engagement with brands on social media has been empirically proven. However, little is known about consumers' natural behaviour on social media, as literature on this topic is still in an early stage of its evolution. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate and understand the group interactions of consumer behaviour, with a specific focus on tweets within the UK energy sector. Energy is a significant utility in the United Kingdom, and the sector is evolving more rapidly than ever before, with pressure being applied to energy suppliers to meet the demands of consumers. This study draws on social capital theory to investigate how UK consumers engage with their suppliers, as well as the knowledge‐sharing capabilities of the Twitter community. In Study 1, Python was used to conduct tweet mining and sentiment analysis to investigate the polarity in consumer engagement with 82 energy companies in the United Kingdom. Results indicated overall positive sentiments towards the energy suppliers, although the level of engagement varies across the different groups of suppliers. Study 2 followed up with a qualitative insight into the factors shaping consumers' behaviour as they engage with brands on social media. A thematic model emerges in the form of an interrelated conceptual theory comprising three stakeholders, the key relationships between them, and their natural behaviours. This study offers a contemporary, essential, and interconnected understanding of consumer behaviour online with a focus on the energy sector, and further advances research into online consumer behaviour, sentiment analysis, netnography, and social media research.
Lactic Acid Production from Lignocellulose – A Review of Major Challenges and Selected Solutions
Authors: Ajala Elijah Olawale , Olonade Yusuf Olanrewaju , Ajala Mary Adejoke , Akinpelu Gbolagade Sunday 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe industrial application of lactic acid is very broad; hence, the high demand is forecasted to multiply in the future. This review presented the major problems for the efficient production of lactic acid from lignocellulose biomass using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and further proposes three promising solutions to solve these problems, exposing their potentials and future research needs. Recombinant cellulolytic strategy in LAB promises a significant reduction of lactic acid production costs, however, extensive research on genetic engineering is still needed. Microwave‐assisted deep eutectic solvent pretreatment is extremely fast and produces little to no harmful by‐products, but it has not been investigated for lactic acid production yet. Continuous simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with enzyme and cell recycle is newly proposed by the authors as a process set up that can solve the problems of feedback‐, substrate‐ and end‐product inhibition while resulting in higher lactic acid productivities, yield, and concentration.
New Nocobactin Derivatives with Antimuscarinic Activity, Terpenibactins A–C, Revealed by Genome Mining of Nocardia terpenica IFM 0406
Authors: Chen Julia , Frediansyah Andri , Männle Daniel , Straetener Jan , Brötz‐Oesterhelt Heike , Ziemert Nadine , Kaysser Leonard , Gross Harald 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report a genomics‐guided exploration of the metabolic potential of the brasilicardin producer strain Nocardia terpenica IFM 0406. Bioinformatics analysis of the whole genome sequence revealed the presence of a biosynthetic gene cluster presumably responsible for the generation of formerly unknown nocobactin derivatives. Mass spectrometry‐assisted isolation led to the identification of three new siderophores, terpenibactins A (1), B (2) and C (3), which belong to the class of nocobactins. Their structures were elucidated by employing spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1–3 demonstrated inhibitory activity towards the muscarinic M3 receptor, while exhibiting only a low cytotoxicity.
Breaking a Couple: Disulfide Reducing Agents
Authors: Mthembu Sinenhlanhla N. , Sharma Anamika , Albericio Fernando , de la Torre Beatriz G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCysteine is present in a large number of natural and synthetic (bio)molecules. Although the thiol side chain of Cys can be in a free form, in most cases it forms a disulfide bond either with a second Cys (bridge) or with another thiol, as in the case of protecting groups. Efficient reduction of these disulfide bridges is a requirement for many applications of Cys‐containing molecules in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. Here we review reducing methods for disulfide bonds, taking into consideration the solubility of the substrates when selecting the appropriate reducing reagent.
Rhenium‐Based Complexes and in Vivo Testing: A Brief History
Authors: Capper Miles S. , Packman Hollie , Rehkämper Mark 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe success of metal‐based anticancer therapeutics in the treatment of cancer is best exemplified by cisplatin. Currently used in 32/78 cancer regimens, metal‐based drugs have a clear role in cancer therapy. Despite this, metal‐based anticancer therapeutics are not without drawbacks, with issues such as toxic side effects and the development of resistance mechanisms. This has led to investigations of other metal‐based drug candidates such as auranofin, a gold‐based drug candidate as well as ruthenium‐based candidates, NAMI‐A, NKP‐1339 and TLD‐1433. All are currently undergoing clinical trials. Another class of complexes under study are rhenium‐based; such complexes have undergone extensive in vitro testing but only nine have been reported to display antitumour in vivo activity, which is a necessary step before entering clinical trials. This review will document, chronologically, the rhenium‐based drug candidates that have undergone in vivo testing and the outlook for such complexes.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma
Authors: Bennett Karina M. , Storrar Neill , Johnson Peter , Fernandes Peter M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPML should be considered in patients with neurological symptoms following MM and in those who are immunosuppressed. Symptoms are diverse and often rapidly progressing. Prompt referral and early involvement of the multidisciplinary team are crucial.
The ABC of Insulin: The Organic Chemistry of a Small Protein
Authors: Østergaard Mads , Mishra Narendra Kumar , Jensen Knud J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInsulin is a small protein crucial for regulating the blood glucose level in all animals. Since 1922 it has been used for the treatment of patients with diabetes. Despite consisting of just 51 amino acids, insulin contains 17 of the proteinogenic amino acids, A‐ and B‐chains, three disulfide bridges, and it folds with 3 α‐helices and a short β‐sheet segment. Insulin associates into dimers and further into hexamers with stabilization by Zn2+ and phenolic ligands. Selective chemical modification of proteins is at the forefront of developments in chemical biology and biopharmaceuticals. Insulin's structure has made it amenable to organic and inorganic chemical reactions. This Review provides a synthetic organic chemistry perspective on this small protein. It gives an overview of key chemical and physico‐chemical aspects of the insulin molecule, with a focus on chemoselective reactions. This includes N‐acylations at the N‐termini or at LysB29 by pH control, introduction of protecting groups on insulin, binding of metal ions, ligands to control the nano‐scale assembly of insulin, and more.
Synthesis and Characterization of Tetrakis(pentafluoroethyl)aluminate
Authors: Tiessen Natalia , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Hoge Berthold 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile perfluorinated aryl, aryloxy and alkoxy aluminum species are well‐established as weakly coordinating anions (WCAs), corresponding perfluoroalkyl aluminum derivatives are virtually unknown. Reaction of Si(C2F5)3CH3 with Li[AlH4] afforded the tetrakis(pentafluoroethyl)aluminate, [Al(C2F5)4]−. Several salts of the [Al(C2F5)4]− ion were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopic methods, mass spectrometry, X‐ray diffraction studies and elemental analysis.
Boosting Na+ Storage Ability of Bimetallic MoxW1−xSe2 with Expanded Interlayers
Authors: Shi Nianxiang , Xi Baojuan , Tian Fang , Ma Xiaojian , Li Haibo , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn spite of the valuable advancements in the fabrication of transition‐metal selenides (TMSs)‐based hybrid structures, only single‐metal selenides have been obtained through most of the present methods. Herein, a facile room‐temperature self‐polymerization and subsequent selenization strategy is proposed for the synthesis of bimetallic MoxW1−xSe2 nanosheets with expanded interlayers decorated with N‐doped carbon‐matrix assembled flowerlike hierarchical microspheres (MoxW1−xSe2/NC). Depending on the excellent coordination ability of dopamine with metal ions, self‐formed flowerlike single precursors are harvested. The unique hybrid architecture benefits the penetration of the electrolyte, accelerates Na+ insertion/extraction kinetics, enhances electron‐transfer ability, and alleviates the volume expansion and aggregation during cycling processes. Therefore, the bimetallic MoxW1−xSe2/NC electrode delivers high reversible capacities of 264 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 700 cycles, 204.4 mA h g−1 at 4 A g−1 for 1400 cycles, and 153.3 mA h g−1 at 8 A g−1 for 2000 cycles, as well as an excellent rate capability up to 10 A g−1 with a capacity of 188.9 mA h g−1. Our study offers an effective strategy to boost sodium storage performance through elaborate structural engineering.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H/N−H Functionalization with Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Xie Hui , Jiang Jijun , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA rhodium(III)‐catalyzed C−H/N−H bond functionalization of benzimidates with α‐chloroaldehydes to afford isoquinolin‐3‐ol derivatives is reported. No external oxidants are needed in this process, and interestingly, evolution of hydrogen gas is observed.
Building Polyoxometalate “Nano‐Walls” on 3D Porous Carbon Paper: A Solar Steam Generation System for Water Purification
Authors: De Qingcuomu , Xu Xinxin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs promising fresh‐water purification devices, solar steam generation systems have attracted significant attention recently. However, in practice, the approach often suffers from a poor solar energy conversion efficiency and a low water production rate due to poor material selection and inefficient microscopic structure design. Here, we fabricate an efficient solar steam generation system by “building” polyoxometalate “nano‐walls” on rice paper‐derived three‐dimensional porous carbon paper. In this solar steam generation system, the height of the vertically aligned CoP4Mo6 “nano‐walls” range from 100 to 150 nm with thicknesses about 15 to 25 nm. Under 1 sun irradiation (1 sun = 1 kW m−2), the surface temperature increases from 29 to 50 °C in a short time with a solar thermal conversion efficiency achieving 92.8 %. The stability and durability of this solar steam generation system, which withstands fifteen cycle continuous tests, also offer good prospects. Its attractive solar energy conversion performance originates from the intense sunlight absorption and high conversion ability of the CoP4Mo6 “nano‐walls”, as well as extremely promising heat localization and water transportation properties of the three‐dimensional porous carbon paper. This solar steam generation system, which has produced some inspiring results, is employed for seawater desalination and for purification of water polluted with organic dyes.
Medical financial hardship reported by Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander cancer survivors compared with non‐Hispanic whites
Authors: Li Chenghui , Narcisse Marie‐Rachelle , McElfish Pearl A. 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundAlthough medical financial hardship (MFH) resulting from sequelae of cancer and treatment has been reported in other racial/ethnic populations, little is known about MFH among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) cancer survivors.MethodsOne hundred fifty adult NHPI cancer survivors were identified from the 2014 NHPI National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Cancer survivors were those with a history of cancer (excluding nonmelanoma/unknown type of skin cancer). MFH was defined by 3 domains: 1) material (problem paying or unable to pay medical bills); 2) psychological (worrying about paying medical bills); and 3) behavioral (delaying or forgoing medical care for financial reasons). For comparison, 2098 non‐Hispanic white (NHW) cancer survivors were identified from the 2014 NHIS. Logistic regressions were used to identify sociodemographic and health factors associated with experiencing MFH. Stratified analysis by age (<65 vs ≥65 years) and sensitivity analysis using propensity score‐matched NHPI and NHW cancer survivors were conducted. Nationally representative estimates were generated using survey weights.ResultsAmong elderly cancer survivors, more NHPIs reported any MFH (59% vs 32%; P = .001), psychological MFH (36% vs 22%; P = .040), and behavioral MFH (27% vs 9%; P = .004) than NHWs. Among survivors aged <65 years, NHPIs reported less MFH (46% vs. 65%; P = .034). Even after propensity score matching, these patterns persisted. Female NHPIs and NHPIs with a college degree were significantly more likely to report MFH, especially material and psychological MFH.ConclusionsA significantly higher proportion of elderly NHPI cancer survivors reported MFH, and this difference persisted even after propensity score matching, which warrants further investigation.
Multiview spectral clustering via complementary information
Authors: Ma Shuangxun , Liu Yuehu , Zheng Qinghai , Li Yaochen , Cui Zhichao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this article, multiview spectral clustering via complementary information (MSCC) is proposed, in which both the consensus information and the complementary information are explored for multiview clustering. In contrast to most multiview spectral clustering methods, the proposed MSCC considers the differences among multiple views and constructs a similarity matrix for clustering. Furthermore, a convex relaxation is employed and an algorithm that is based on the augmented Lagrange multiplier is proposed for optimizing the objective function of MSCC. In extensive experiments on five real‐world benchmark datasets, our proposed method outperforms two baselines and has significantly improved to several state‐of‐the‐art multiview clustering methods.