bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positioning of Wheelsets When Measuring Linear Parameters
Authors: Krasilnikov V. S. 
Published: December 2024

Positioning equipment refers to devices for moving objects, namely lifting devices, and are used in various branches of mechanical engineering, including railway engineering. Devices of this type are relevant for use in measuring technology for positioning rotating parts. The positioning device is usually used as part of equipment for measuring and monitoring the dimensions of wheelsets.The purpose of the study was to consider various methods and devices for positioning wheelsets, to identify their advantages, constraints and disadvantages.The objective of the research was to develop a new positioning device intended to improve dependability of operations, expand the range of application and functionality. The article provides recommendations for creating a more universal positioning device suitable for use with various types of wheelsets.
The role of betaine molecule in the process of DNA methylation
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. 
Published: December 2024

The article summarises the data of currently available scientific studies that define the known mechanisms of DNA methylation and their role in epigenetic regulation in the human body, health and susceptibility to chronic non‑communicable diseases, cellular homeostasis and normal function, nucleotide, protein and lipid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, redox state, regulation of gene expression, epigenetic inheritance, cellular differentiation, maintenance of genome stability and genomic imprinting. It describes which nutrients and supplements have a direct epigenetic effect on methylation and how this is realised. The importance of the influence of certain nutrients on the one‑carbon metabolism, in particular vitamins В2, В4, В6, B9, В12, methionine, choline and betaine, and their balanced content in the body, which in turn was described on the example of the betaine molecule as the main link in the methionine cycle, is considered. Betaine plays a role in epigenetic regulation through gene modification and DNA methylation of specific genes. The specific mechanism may include reduction of microsomes, hypermethylation of the triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) promoter, increased genome methylation, stimulation of mitochondrial activity and reversible modification of N6‑methyladenosine, regulating RNA methylation. The mechanisms of betaine involvement in DNA methylation are described, which occur due to the methyl group, participation in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine with the subsequent formation of S‑adenosyl‑L‑methionine (SAM) and 5‑methylcytosine, which plays an important role in gene expression. The presence of antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory effects, participation in the processes of insulin resistance formation allows us to consider this molecule as a powerful one in diseases accompanied by metabolic dysfunction. Particular attention is paid to the preventive and therapeutic role of the molecule betargin as a major participant in the methionine cycle in liver and kidney diseases and in mental health.
Liver injury in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of early observational studies
Authors: Mundra Paul , Kailani Zeena , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Matthews Priscilla , Tobis Matthew , Sadeghian Shadi , Albashir Siwar 
Published: December 2024

Background: Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS; long COVID) is characterized by persistent or delayed symptoms at least 4 weeks from acute COVID-19 infection. Given the well-documented incidence of liver injury in acute COVID-19, this systematic review aims to assess the odds of liver injury in earlier experiencers of PACS. Methods: Observational studies published prior to March 2022 were screened for data describing liver injury (defined per primary study) in patients with PACS. Results: A total of 2,117 abstracts and 35 full texts were screened, of which 26 met the inclusion criteria. The mean time since acute COVID infection across all studies was 195.5 days. Seven studies included COVID-negative control groups. Twenty-three studies measured lab findings, and nine studies measured imaging or elastography. Five studies were eligible for meta-analysis of odds ratios, which did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in odds for liver injury in patients with PACS compared with COVID-negative patients (OR 2.22 [95% CI 0.51–9.61; p = 0.28]). Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessments for all studies found 24 of 26 studies with high to very high risk of bias. ROBINS-E assessments for studies included in the meta-analysis found five of five studies with high to very high risk of bias. Conclusions: Overall, our findings demonstrate no statistical difference in odds ratios of liver injury in patients with PACS compared with COVID-negative controls. As such, routine assessment and monitoring of liver injury in patients with PACS may not be required; however, higher quality data with lower risk of bias are required to make recommendations of higher certainty.
Becoming Time-Bound
Authors: Sargent Adam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In recent years Indian construction firms have come under increasing pressure to present their building projects as ‘time-bound’. In industry discourse, time-bound projects smoothly and sequentially hit project deadlines. While such an ideal is never realised in practice, I argue that the temporal politics of ‘time-bound’ projects lies not in their enactment of a smooth and progressive time but rather in the work of orchestration that binds together the heterogeneous temporalities of kinship, debt and migration that support work on the site. I demonstrate how these heterogeneous temporalities are erased in the image of the time-bound project, even as they support the project. Focusing on the implementation of the project-form itself elucidates the orchestration and contestation of diverse temporalities at stake in infrastructural development.

Résumé
Pendant les années récentes, les entreprises indiennes du bâtiment ont subi une pression grandissant de présenter leurs projets comme ayant une durée déterminée. Dans le parler industriel, les projets de durée déterminée réalisent leurs objectifs facilement et dans le délai prescrit. Tant que cet idéal n'est jamais réalisable, nous proposons que la politique temporale des projets de durée déterminée ne se fonde pas sur la performance d'un temps facile et progressif, mais plutôt dans le travail de gestion qui rassemble les temporalités hétérogènes de parenté, de dette et de migration pour faciliter le travail sur place. Nous montrons comment ces temporalités hétérogènes sont effacées à l'image du projet de durée déterminée, en même temps que ces temporalités soutiennent le projet. En focalisant sur la mise en application de la forme de projet, nous expliquons la gestion et la contestation de ces temporalités diverses et variées qui sont en jeu dans le développement d'infrastructure.
Towards Two Accounts of Sartrean Authenticity
Authors: Eshleman Matthew 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Motivated by Jonathan Webber's recent work, this article addresses what I call ‘the normative bridge problem’ in the early work of Jean-Paul Sartre: What justifies the move from an agent explicitly recognising and affirming her freedom to an obligation to respect the freedom of others? Many sympathetic Sartre commentators have argued that Sartre lacks resources to justify this obligation (Anderson, Heter, Webber) and, hence, that Sartre fails to traverse the normative bridge. This article hypothesizes that Sartre does not need to explicitly justify the bridge obligation. In correctly grasping one's metaphysical nature, a Sartrean agent cannot fail to realise that the affirmation of the freedom of others cannot but follow from the affirmation of one's own freedom. I test the hypothesis by sketching two competing interpretations of authenticity and try to show that only under one interpretation can one see why the normative bridge amounts to a theoretical illusion.
Rubus hybrid өсімдігінің жер үсті бөлігінің құрамынан амин және май қышқылдарын зерттеу
Authors: Болатқызы Н. , Амангелді А.Б. , Берганаева Г.Е. , Дюсебаева М.А. , Дюсебаев Б.Е. 
Published: December 2024

Қазіргі уақытта дәрілік өсімдіктердің химиялық құрамын тереңдетіп зерттеу қарқынды бастау алды. Негізгі назар екіншілік алмасу заттарына (фенолды қосылыстар, тритерпеноидтар, алкалоидтар және т.б.) беріледі. Бірақ сонымен бірге біріншілік метаболизмдік қосылыстар адам мен жануарлар ағзаларының физиологиялық қажеттіліктерін қалыпты қамтамасыз етуге де қатысады. Олардың мысалы ретінде организмде синтезделмейтін алмастырылмайтын амин қышқылдарын келтіруге болады. Оларға көмірсулар, липидтер және нуклеин қышқылдарымен бірге белоктардың құрамдас бөлігі ретінде барлық тіршілік процестеріне қатысады. Аминқышқылдары орталық жүйке жүйесінің қозуын азайту және жүрек айналымын жақсарту үшін асқазан-ішек жолдарының, бауырдың ауруларын емдеуге арналған препараттардың құрамына кіреді [1].
Бұл мақалада Алматы өңірінен жиналған Rubus hybrid өсімдігінің жер үсті бөлігінің химиялық құрамын, атап айтқанда амин және май қышқылы құрамы зерттелді. Өсімдік түрінен газ-сұйық хроматография əдісімен 20 аминқышқылының сандық құрамы анықталды, оның 8-і ағзадағы маңызды амин қышқылдарына жатады. Сонымен қатар өсімдіктің жер үсті бөлігіндегі май қышқылдарының 8 түрін газ-сұйық хроматография əдісімен анықталды. Сандық зерттеу арқылы Rubus hybrid өсімдігінің жер үсті бөлігінде олеин, линол және пальмитин қышқылының (C18:1, C18:2 және C16:0) салыстырмалы түрде жоғары құрамы анықталды.
Family history of Alzheimer’s disease, but not APOE, is associated with brain volume in cognitively healthy older adults
Authors: De María-Ureta Patricia , Ávila-Villanueva Marina , Fernández-Blázquez Miguel A , Maestú Fernando 
Published: December 2024

Background Dementias, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), represent a global public health concern. Although its exact cause remains unknown, neuroanatomical and cognitive changes are crucial. Objective Finding biomarkers helping the early diagnosis of AD is crucial for developing early interventions. Methods In a sample of 402 cognitively healthy adults some of them with risk factors (family history of AD and APOE ε4 carriers), we examined the relationship between APOE ε4 genotype and other aspects of family history of AD with cognitive variables and brain volumetrics using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Key findings suggest that family history of AD may be associated with specific neuroanatomical markers, such as left hippocampal size and white matter integrity. However, no links were observed with cognitive performance, and furthermore additional analyses on the APOE genotype showed no significant differences in any neuroanatomical aspect. Conclusions This study reveals the importance of monitoring with MRI subjects with family history of AD, to assess early volumetric changes and use this information to stratify participants in future clinical trials.
Geospatial analysis of dementia mortality and its associations with demographic and socioeconomic factors
Authors: Roozkhosh Farnoosh , Yao Angela , Yang Hao , Song Suhang , Liu Tianming 
Published: December 2024

Background Dementia is a significant health concern among older people, necessitating an understanding of its spatial distribution and its ties to demographic and socioeconomic factors. Objective This study examines the spatial pattern of dementia mortality across U.S. counties and investigates its associations with relevant demographic and socioeconomic variables. Methods We analyzed 2019 county-level dementia mortality data for people aged 60 and older in U.S. counties. Using geospatial techniques, we examined the relationships between dementia mortality and pertinent demographic and socioeconomic factors. It is worth noting that 40.31% of the U.S. counties were dropped due to missing data. Results Dementia mortality rates varied geographically, with clusters of high rates in the South, Midwest, and Maine. Across the nation, the median income of a county was found to have a significant negative effect on dementia mortality, while the percentage of persons 60 years and older was positively associated in most areas except the West Coast. Race did not appear to be significantly associated in most areas but was found significant in the New England area and some counties in the Midwest. The percentage of rural population was also only significant in selected regions, mostly the Northeast and Florida. Conclusions This study highlights diverse links between dementia mortality and demographic and socioeconomic factors at the county level in the United States. Understanding these connections, considering spatial variations and scales, is crucial for tailored strategies to address dementia disparities nationwide. Geographically weighted models are valuable for analyzing such spatial data in future research.
Effects of tourniquet application on plasma viscosity measurements
Authors: Rosenson Robert S. , Tangney Christine C. 
Published: December 2024

Reliable plasma viscosity measurements are required for cardiovascular risk factor assessment. This study was designed to examine the influence of tourniquet pressure and duration on plasma viscosity measurement with a coaxial cylinder at 37 ${}^\circ$ C. Plasma viscosity was evaluated at low (40 mm Hg) and high (mean arterial blood pressure plus 10 mm Hg) tourniquet pressure and at two time intervals following (0–1 and 4–5 min) of tourniquet application in 38 healthy adults. Longer duration of tourniquet application was accompanied by a significant increase in plasma viscosity at both low (1.356 ${}\pm{}$ 0.067 mPa s versus 1.393 ${}\pm{}$ 0.067 mPa s ( $p= 0.0001$ )) and high (1.321 ${}\pm{}$ 0.071 mPa s versus 1.430 ${}\pm{}$ 0.086 mPa s ( $p= 0.0002$ )) tourniquet pressures. Plasma viscosity values were not influenced by the magnitude of tourniquet pressure. The accuracy of plasma viscosity measurements can be improved by sample acquisition within 1 min following tourniquet application.
Efficacy of Low Dose Magnesium Sulphate in Control of Convulsion in Eclampsia in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Naher Akterun , Naher Kamrun , Begum Anwara 
Published: December 2024

Background: Eclampsia is the third major cause of maternal mortality in our country. Global studies have demonstrated that using magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) to manage hypertensive disease in pregnancy reduces morbidity and mortality due to severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Magnesium sulphate is therefore the anticonvulsant of choice for both prevention and treatment of eclampsia. The aim of the study is to evaluate the use and efficacy of a low dose (6 gm) of magnesium sulphate in controlling convulsion amongst women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.
Material and Methods: This comparative interventional study was conducted in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College and Hospitalwith ethical clearance from respective IERB. Hundreds (100) eclampsia patients have been selected by consecutive sampling from the eclampsia ward and divided into 2 groups by random selection. Group A contains 50 patients who received a low dose and group B also contains 50 patients who received a loading plus a maintenance dose of MgSO4. Patient’s demographic data and follow up signs were recorded in a data collection sheet. Data was coded and entered SPSS for analysis.
Results: Among 100 patients, the mean age of the participants for group A and group B was 23.98 ±5.26 and 23.92±3.85 years, respectively. The mean gestational age was 37.38±2.88 weeks for Group A and 36.94±3.13 weeks for Group B. Occurrence of eclampsia was found to be significantly high (Group A 58% and Group B 78%) among primigravida of both groups, belonged to low (Group A 60% and Group B 50%) and middle (Group A 36% and Group B 46%) socioeconomic backgrounds. Received antenatal care irregularly (only one visit) (Group A 52% and Group B 48%). Antepartum eclampsia was 90% in Group A and 86% in Group B, intrapartum was 2% in Group B and postpartum was 10% in Group A and 12% in Group B. Recurrence of convulsion was only observed in 8% of women from Group A and 10 % from Group B. Maternal complications were seen in only 2% woman from each group.
Conclusion: This study revealed that a low dose regimen can control convulsions much more effectively than a conventional full dose regimen. The recurrence rate of convulsion was not significant with this low dose and has the advantage of lower magnesium toxicities. It is also cost-effective.
Eastern Med Coll J. July 2024; 9 (2): 115-120
Effects of variation in air conditioner temperature on small airway functions of air conditioner users
Authors: Chakrabarty Swarnali , Akhter Qazi Shamima 
Published: December 2024

Background:Increasing use of air conditioner(AC) has now become a new public health concern as the lung functions can be adversely affected by the cold, dry air provided by it or to be more specific by the sudden temperature change experienced by AC users . AC temperature may play an important part in this regard as more the difference between indoor and outdoor air temperature more could be the chance of this harmful consequences . Aim:This study particularly addressed this issue of how AC temperature variation can affect Mid Maximal Flow Rate (MMEF) value. Materials and Method:Individuals having exposure to daily air conditioned environment for at least 6 hours for 2 to 4 years were recruited following their provision of informed consent in written format. Forty eight such participants (24 female and 24 male) were distributed into 2 groups , A1 (12 female and 12 male subjects) and A2 (12 female and 12 male subjects)depending on the temperature of the AC they were having exposure of. The A1 group had exposure to temperature of 18° C to 22°C while A2 experienced temperature of 23°C to 25°C for a certain period of time. In both of these groups MMEF was estimated using digital autospirometer. Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test was applied performing statistical analysis and p value 0.05 was taken as the level of significance. Result:This study displayed significantly lower MFF value for group A1 subjects in comparison to group A2.Conclusion: So, this study concludes that reduction of MMEF value in AC users may be related to the AC temperature to which they are exposed
J Med Coll Women Hosp. 2024; 20(2):17-22
A Review on Hypertension, Vitamin D and the Role of Vitamin D in Hypertension
Authors: Ahmad Rahnuma , Akter Fatema , Khan Indira Sufia , Naoreen Rifat , Hussain Sadia Farhana , Sultana Mahbuba , Islam Taslima 
Published: December 2024

Hypertension is a global public health concern and millions are affected by it. It is multifactorial and initial therapeutic means is to bring about life style changes with consumption of healthy diet and regular exercise. However, despite such changes there are many patients who require pharmacological management. Vitamin D is a micronutrient that has multiple functions like in the regulation of calcium ion and bone metabolism in our body and one such role may be its influence in blood pressure regulation. Lower vitamin D levels may cause rise in Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS) and hence aggravate a rise in blood pressure. This narrative review aims to look in to the role of vitamin D in blood pressure control and the possible effect of supplementation in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The current information related to vitamin D and hypertension was gathered using online data base like PubMed, Scopus, Google search engine were used to retrieve the required research works. The keywords used to make the search included ‘Vitamin D’ , ‘Hypertension’ , ‘Cholecalciferol’ , ‘Vitamin D and blood pressure’. Vitamin D may be used as adjuvant therapy and large scale future studies are required to assess the role of this nutrient in hypertension.
J Med Coll Women Hosp. 2024; 20 (2): 76-92
The Application of Health Education and Pappasang in Promoting Adolescent Social and Emotional Development to Prevent Online Gaming Addiction
Authors: Nurmagandi Boby , Damayanti Risna 
Published: December 2024

Excessive online gaming in adolescents can lead to addiction, which may result in cognitive difficulties, social withdrawal, impaired concentration, anxiety, and depression. Preventive measures to prevent online game addiction in adolescents aim to optimize their essential social and emotional development. Preventive measures should provide health education focused on the psychosocial aspects of adolescent social and emotional growth, integrated with Pappasang, a traditional mandate passed down by the ancestors of the Mandar tribe. Unlike general advice, Pappasang emphasizes moral teachings that are expected to be followed. This study aims to evaluate the effect of health education and pappasang on optimizing adolescent psychosocial development. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were students SMAN 2 Majene Regency who regularly played online gaming over the past year. The sample in this study consisted of 57 respondents, selected through purposive sampling. Instruments used included an online gaming knowledge questionnaire, a strength and difficulties questionnaire, and an adolescent psychosocial development booklet on online gaming. Data analysis involved univariate analysis using measures of central tendency and a normality test (saphiro-wilk). Bivariate analysis was conducted using a non-parametric test, specifically Wilcoxon test and the marginal homogeneity test. The results indicated that health education combined with Pappasang effectively enhanced adolescents’ knowledge of social and emotional development, as well as their understanding of online gaming. Social skills enable adolescents to engage in effective social interactions and seek social support when overcoming problems, while strong emotional skills help them manage their emotions in response to difficulties. Adolescents with well-developed social and emotional competencies are less likely to develop online gaming addiction, because they do not use online games as an escape from the their problems.