bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A020: Utilizing a community navigator's approach to improve breast and cervical cancer screening in the Deep South
Authors: Hardy Clauda M. , Seetela Kumari , Bowman Tara , Norris Katherine , Wright Nancy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This presentation illustrates a community-based intervention utilizing community navigators to identify, recruit. and work to eliminate barriers to improve breast and cervical cancer screening in underserved communities in the Deep South.
Background: The UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center built an academic-community infrastructure called the Deep South Network for Cancer Control via funding from the National Cancer Institute Center to Reduce Cancer Health disparities from 2000-2016. The Deep South Network (DSN) utilized a Community Health Advisors (CHA) model combined with community engagement and coalition building to conduct community outreach and community-based cancer disparity research in medically underserved communities in Alabama and Mississippi. Through the utilization of the CHA model, cancer mammography screening rates among the Medicare population saw a 17% difference between AA women and Caucasian from 1999 to 2014.
Purpose: To utilize the DSN model to train community navigators to identify and recruit rarely or never screened women for breast and cervical cancer screening. Community Navigators with support of the CHAs work to address client barriers to improve screening. Through a collaboration with the Alabama Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (ABCCEDP), UAB Community Navigators delivered a community intervention to address barriers to breast and cervical cancer screening.
Methodology: The intervention was delivered in eight Alabama counties: seven rural and 1 urban over a 12-month period. Each county had a paid, community-based navigator who received 8-hour training on navigating clients for clinical services. Community Navigators delivered community-based education and identified and addressed barriers to increase cancer screening.
Conclusion: At the end of the 12-month intervention, the community navigators held 212 events such as health fairs and community presentations in public housing and faith-based groups that yielded a reach of 16,038 individuals. Of these events, 273 women indicated an interest in or need for these screenings with 83 % of them between ages 40-54. Navigators worked through client barriers to see an overall significant increase of 5% in women enrolled in the ABBCECP compared to previous years in the nine counties
Citation Format: Clauda M. Hardy, Kumari Seetela, Tara Bowman, Katherine Norris, Nancy Wright. Utilizing a community navigator's approach to improve breast and cervical cancer screening in the Deep South [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A020.
Abstract A055: Pearls and pitfalls of implementing a patient navigation training workshop for Appalachia
Authors: Dignan Mark , Dwyer Sharon , Rohan Elizabeth , White Dana , Castro Georgina , Wilson Reda , Stockton Eric 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Appalachian region includes 13 states, ranging from southern New York to Mississippi. The region encompasses large areas experiencing high unemployment rates, poverty, and high rates of chronic disease, including cancer. Patient navigation (PN) is a patient-centered intervention designed to address barriers to timely cancer screening and treatment. Results of a prior project in the region indicated that existing PN training programs did not adequately address issues specific to working in Appalachia. To address this gap, we developed a culturally relevant PN training program to be delivered across the Appalachian region. We supported and delivered 20 trainings to over 300 participants from 2015 through the present, averaging 15 attendees per session. Participants included nurses, social workers, patient navigators, community health workers, and administrators living and working in Appalachia. The training's focus on integrating the unique aspects of Appalachian culture into patient navigation for cancer screening and care was rated high by participants. Additionally, participants appreciated the opportunity to network, since many participants work in isolation. Despite our model of providing multiple trainings in various locations throughout Appalachia, we noted there were still barriers to attendance. We conducted a formative evaluation to understand the challenges and identify solutions. We spent considerable time focusing on curricula development, but more attention was needed for detailed logistical considerations such as 1) earlier engagement of local community resources, including potential barriers to attending workshops and 2) local assistance in selecting training sites that would attract maximum attendance. Application of the guiding concepts in planning and data describing the workshop locations, participants, and evaluation results will be presented.
Citation Format: Mark Dignan, Sharon Dwyer, Elizabeth Rohan, Dana White, Georgina Castro, Reda Wilson, Eric Stockton. Pearls and pitfalls of implementing a patient navigation training workshop for Appalachia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A055.
Abstract A056: Supporting the next generation of researchers: The effects of a U54 Partnership
Authors: Drennan Marilyn , Loest Helena , Thompson Beti , Unguez Graciela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The REACH Education Core of the U54 Partnership between New Mexico State University (NMSU) and Fred Hutch is reaching under-represented (UR) students through summer internships in the laboratories of U54-funded investigators on both campuses.
Objective: The objective of this study is to provide information on successful educational outcomes of under-represented students.
Methods: The Partnership generated an extensive participate tracking database. Outcomes included undergraduate graduation, entry into advanced degree programs, awards, and publications. Using the tracking database, we identified the number of students who achieved these outcomes. In addition, we evaluated student attitudes, efficacy, and participation in collaborative research activities.
Results: We facilitated research internships for 83 undergraduates (83% UR) and 23 graduate students (74% UR). Of the undergraduates, 96% completed their BS degree and 86% are on track to complete a graduate degree. Of the graduates, 96% have completed their graduate degree. Since the inception of the partnership in 2002, 72 (56%) of the total Partnership publications have students as coauthors. A total of 133 student participants are now employed in cancer-related research. A total of 697 students have been exposed to the Partnership's cancer and health objectives.
Conclusions: The Partnership has had a high impact in preparing future scientists who will contribute to the diversification of the biomedical research workforce. The educational components of this Partnership have had exceptional successes.
Implications: This study demonstrates that institutions of higher learning can implement research experiences to maintain, strengthen, and evaluate effective programs for current and future under-represented scientists.
Citation Format: Marilyn Drennan, Helena Loest, Beti Thompson, Graciela Unguez. Supporting the next generation of researchers: The effects of a U54 Partnership [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A056.
Abstract A075: Gender diversity in academic oncology programs
Authors: Seldon Crystal S. , Ahmed Awad A. , Llorente Ricardo , Yoo Stella K. , Holliday Emma B. , Thomas Charles R. , Jagsi Reshma , Deville Curtiland 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study sought to examine gender diversity among academic faculty of medical oncology, hematology/oncology, and radiation oncology residency programs in the United States (U.S.), Canada, and Spain.
Methods: Data from the Association of American Medical College (AAMC) were used to examine faculty composition of medical oncology, hematology/oncology, and radiation oncology departments in U.S. institutions for the years 1977 and 2017. For international data, public webpages listing post-graduate training programs in medical oncology and radiation oncology were examined and the genders of department heads were recorded.
Results: In the U.S., in 1977, women made up 8%, 9%, and 7% of the total workforce among hematology/oncology, medical oncology, and radiation oncology faculty positions, respectively, compared to 44%, 40%, and 27%, respectively, in 2017. Regarding departmental leadership, in the U.S., 9% (8/89) of radiation oncology department chairs were women. In Canada, for radiation oncology, 11 department heads were men, 1 was a woman, and 1 department could not be determined (8-15% women). For medical oncology, 10 department heads were men, 3 women, and 2 were unknown (20-33% women). In Spain, 12 radiation oncology heads were women, 28 men, and 8 were unknown (25-42% women); for medical oncology, 14 department heads were women, 52 were men, and 11 were unknown (25-42% women).
Conclusions: Women have historically increased in representation in the U.S. oncology workforce; however, they remain under-represented relative to the overall U.S. population. Women were also under-represented at the level of chair in the U.S., Canada, and Spain. Further research and efforts are needed to enlist and advance women in oncologic fields both nationally and internationally and understand barriers to training, practice, and advancement.
Citation Format: Crystal S. Seldon, Awad A. Ahmed, Ricardo Llorente, Stella K. Yoo, Emma B. Holliday, Charles R. Thomas, Reshma Jagsi, Curtiland Deville Jr. Gender diversity in academic oncology programs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A075.
Abstract A092: Cancer caregiver burden and mental health outcomes: Differences by race/ethnicity
Authors: Thomson Maria D. , Cadua Abigail , Matsuyama Robin , Siminoff Laura A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Informal caregivers (CGs) play a critical role in caring for cancer patients at end of life, often to the detriment of their own health outcomes. However, much of the literature focuses on white CGs, with little specifically addressing the experiences and health outcomes of African American cancer CGs.
Purpose: To compare the outcomes of perceived burden, depression, and distress between white and African American cancer CGs with a focus on the role of social support and CG preparedness to provide care.
Methods: Informal caregivers providing end-of-life care to cancer patients were recruited from an academic cancer center. CGs were administered the following scales: CES-D, Zarit Burden, Distress Thermometer, Preparedness for Caregiving, and demographics. One item each assessed health status and social support from church/religious groups.
Results: Caregivers (n=90) were mostly female (77%), married/partnered (61%), and reported a median annual household income of $45,500. African American CGs (n=44; 49%) reported significantly lower distress [2(88); p=0.04], depression [2(86); p=0.04], caregiver burden [3.8(76); p=0003], and greater social support [2(88); p=0.02] from church/religious groups compared to white CGs. No univariate differences in perceived preparedness to provide care, health status, or spirituality were found. Multiple regression models for depression [R2=0.4, F(8,77)=6.8; p&lt;.0001], distress [R2=0.17, F(8, 78)=3.2; p=.003], and CG burden [R2=.50, F(8, 78)=11.3; p&lt;.0001], were significant. CGs who were African American reported greater preparation and better health and had lower depression and distress. Lower CG burden was associated with CGs who were African American, older age, and reported greater CG preparation.
Conclusions: African American CGs reported lower CG burden and better mental health outcomes compared to white CGs. Some key intervention targets such as perceived CG preparation to provide care have important associations with health outcomes for all CGs. However, there are likely other components such as social support from church/religious groups that vary in level of importance depending on the unique sociocultural perspectives of racial/ethnicity groups. Interventions are needed that support cancer caregivers and protect their own health outcomes. Developers should consider the diversity of experiences and meanings attributed to cancer caregiving when choosing intervention targets.
Citation Format: Maria D. Thomson, Abigail Cadua, Robin Matsuyama, Laura A. Siminoff. Cancer caregiver burden and mental health outcomes: Differences by race/ethnicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A092.
Abstract A112: Integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of kidney cancers from African Americans and European Americans
Authors: Williams Heinric , Mitchell Khadijah A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Kidney cancer ranks as a top ten leading site of new cancer cases (~64,000) in the United States each year. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer (90% cases), with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) being the most prevalent histology (70% RCC cases). RCC risk factors include nonmodifiable, modifiable, environmental, and occupational causes. RCC subtypes each have a different histology, clinical course, and response to therapy, in addition to distinctive genetic and molecular alterations. African Americans (AA) have higher incidence rates of ccRCC than European Americans (EA) for reasons that are unclear. Biologic determinants of this cancer health disparity have been largely understudied. Recent work has identified population-specific genomic drivers in ccRCC tumors from AA compared with EA. To date, no study has explored epigenomic or transcriptomic determinants of kidney cancer health disparities in AA.
Hypothesis: We hypothesized population-specific changes in DNA methylation, between AA and EA, drive differences in ccRCC biology through regulation of the transcriptome.
Methods: Comparative integrative genomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed using clinical demographic and ccRCC data (Illumina 450K methylation array and mRNA-seq) from TCGA (n=50 AA, 266 EA) and Partek Genomics Suite.
Results: Differential methylation analysis discovered 2,048 genes varied significantly by race (P value + FDR = ≤0.01). Gene Ontology Enrichment Score (ES) analysis revealed these genes were involved with various molecular functions (nucleic acid binding ES 38.52, protein binding ES 38.03), biologic processes (cellular metabolic process ES 78.60), and cellular component localization (intracellular organelles ES 87.24). Differential gene expression analysis revealed 3,296 genes were altered in AA compared with EA race (P value + FDR = ≤0.01). GSEA analysis revealed distinct biologic pathways were enriched.
Conclusion and Future Directions: Collectively, our data suggest that DNA methylation and mRNA expression drive differences in tumor biology amongst AA and EA kidney cancer patients. Future studies include integrating miRNA expression data, validating these findings in a separate cohort, profiling other RCC histologies for population-specific signatures, and using kidney cancer cell lines from AA and EA to explore novel biologic mechanisms for therapeutic purposes.
Citation Format: Heinric Williams, Khadijah A. Mitchell. Integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of kidney cancers from African Americans and European Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A112.
Abstract B019: Using Big Data to investigate disparities in cervix cancer survival: Racial and ethnic minorities and those with income and insurance disparities have worse overall survival from cervix cancer
Authors: Fisher Christine M. , Robin Tyler 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The burden of cervix cancer diagnosis is most profound on the medically underserved, who do not have access to prevention and early detection methods for cervical cancer. Using Big Data, the impact of race, ethnicity, insurance status, and socioeconomic status is investigated in those diagnosed with this disease. Our hypothesis is that the burden in diagnosed cancer continues this pattern of afflicting those without ready or optimal access to care.
Methods: Using data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB), which captures about 75% of all cancer care across the United States, patterns of care in cervix cancer patients were investigated. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan Meier survival analysis were employed to assess the association between patient characteristics and disease outcomes.
Results: Cervical cancer patients from 2004-2012 were identified, and 15,194 were identified for analysis. The standard of care was used in less than half of the patients (44.3%) and those patients treated per standard of care had improved overall survival of 93 versus 33 months (p&lt;0.001). Patients with lower median household incomes (p&lt;0.001), uninsured patients (p&lt;0.001), Black patients (p=0.026), and Hispanic patients (p&lt;0.001) all had poorer overall survival.
Conclusions: The disparities in those diagnosed with cervical cancer extend to survival from this disease, with the underinsured, Black and Hispanic patients, and those with lower income households all having poorer survival from this disease. Improved access to care will both lower the diagnosis through vaccination and early detection, as well as improve outcomes in those who carry the diagnosis.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Christine M. Fisher, Tyler Robin. Using Big Data to investigate disparities in cervix cancer survival: Racial and ethnic minorities and those with income and insurance disparities have worse overall survival from cervix cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B019.
Abstract B021: Canine CAR T-cells therapy for mammary carcinoma in dogs
Authors: Ramos-Cardona Xavier E. , Mohammed Sulma I. , Lee Yong Gu , Low Phillip 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In women, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is an often-diagnosed breast disease that is widely considered to be a nonobligate precursor of invasive carcinoma. TNBC is the most aggressive and lethal form of breast cancer and predominantly occurs in women at high genetic risk including those with mutated BRCA1 genes. We provide for the first time an immunocompetent animal model for triple-negative DCIS (TN-DCIS) that will facilitate molecular analysis of preinvasive TNBC and will provide an invaluable resource for identifying and selecting targets for TNBC vaccine immunoprevention or immunotherapeutic intervention. Unlike most studied rodent models, dogs develop TN-DCIS spontaneously without genetic or chemical manipulation. We have shown that canine DCIS resembles human DCIS with shared histopathologic and molecular features and with similar imaging and behavioral characteristics. Dogs are much more outbred than laboratory rodents, yet certain breeds are at increased risk for developing mammary tumors. Indeed, we have found that 50% of randomly screened asymptomatic hound dogs have premalignant mammary lesions and that mammary TN-DCIS often progresses to invasive carcinoma within one year. Given the many common features of canine breast cancer and the high homology between the canine and human genome, the dog model offers an outstanding opportunity for exploiting TNBC immunoprevention and immunotherapeutic strategies. Moreover, the prevalence and rapid progression of canine TN-DCIS provides a much more rapid and cost-effective alternative to human trials for evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of cancer vaccine strategies. One immunotherapeutic strategy we are testing using our canine TN-DCIS model is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells. CAR T-cells have shown promise in treating many malignancies, but in solid tumors have been hindered by many limitations. To overcome these limitations, we designed genetically engineered universal canine CAR T-cells that must be activated and targeted by a small-molecule adaptor before it can kill cancer cells. Our results showed that universal CAR T cells are functional and killed canine mammary tumor cell lines in vitro.
Citation Format: Xavier E. Ramos-Cardona, Sulma I. Mohammed, Yong Gu Lee, Phillip Low. Canine CAR T-cells therapy for mammary carcinoma in dogs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B021.
Abstract B024: Racial differences in financial toxicity among metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Samuel Cleo A. , Spencer Jennifer C. , Manning Michelle L. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Sellers Jean B. , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR07) of the Conference Proceedings.
Citation Format: Cleo A. Samuel, Jennifer C. Spencer, Michelle L. Manning, Donald L. Rosenstein, Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes, Jean B. Sellers, Stephanie B. Wheeler. Racial differences in financial toxicity among metastatic breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B024.