bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Iron Doped on Structural and Optical Absorption Studies of Calcium Borophosphate (CaBP) Nanophosphors
Authors: Mudi Rajesh Y. , Pambi P. Radha K. , Ganti Venkata L. K. , N.S.S.V.R. Ravikumar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNovel inorganic phosphor luminescent materials are widely used in various optoelectronic devices such as field emission displays, plasma display panels, solid state lasers, cathode‐ray tubes, and tricolor white light emitting diodes. Structural and luminescence properties of calcium borophosphate phosphors with different Fe3+ concentrations using solid state reaction technique have been investigated. X‐ray powder diffraction reveals that all samples exhibited a triclinic system of CaBP and lattice parameter analysis indicated the dopant ions may be substituted into the lattice position of the parent atom. The surface morphology of prepared nanophosphors is identified by SEM with EDS and TEM, which shows spherical‐like chains in an irregular spatial distribution with less agglomeration. Optical studies give the information about the site symmetry of dopant ions with host ligands.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Glutahione by Waugh‐Type Enneamolybdomanganate(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric Acid
Authors: More Shekhar S. , Gurume Vashistha M. , Gokavi Gavisiddappa S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe reaction between enneamolybdomanganate(IV) and glutathione is studied under second‐order conditions in aqueous perchloric acid. The reaction first‐order in both the reactants and initiated through formation of a precursor complex. Protonated forms of both the reactants are found to be active as evidenced by the accelerating effect of increasing hydrogen ion concentration effect. The second step of the reaction is the slow decomposition of the complex leading to the formation of hydroxyl intermediate. The final product glutathione disulfide is formed in the fast third step as a result of reaction of intermediate with another glutathione cation.
A novel gingipain regulatory gene in Porphyromonas gingivalis mediates host cell detachment and inhibition of wound closure
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Huang Lijia , Cai Yanling , Bikker Floris J. , Wei Xi , Mei Deng Dong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe black pigmentation‐related genes in Porphyromonas gingivalis are primarily involved in regulating gingipain functions. In this study, we identified a pigmentation‐related gene, designated as pgn_0361. To characterize the role of pgn_0361 in regulating P. gingivalis‐mediated epithelial cell detachment and inhibition of wound closure, PgΔ0361, an isogenic pgn_0361‐defective mutant strain, and PgΔ0361C, a complementation strain, were constructed using P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. The gingipain and hemagglutination activities, as well as biofilm formation, were examined in all three strains. The effect of P. gingivalis strains on epithelial cell detachment was investigated using the HO‐1‐N‐1 and Ca9‐22 epithelial cell lines. The inhibition of wound closure by heat‐killed P. gingivalis cells and culture supernatant was analyzed using an in vitro wound closure assay. Compared to the wild‐type strain, the PgΔ0361 strain did not exhibit gingipain or hemagglutination activity but exhibited enhanced biofilm formation. Additionally, the PgΔ0361 strain exhibited attenuated ability to detach the epithelial cells and to inhibit wound closure in vitro. Contrastingly, the culture supernatant of PgΔ0361 exhibited high gingipain activity and strong inhibition of wound closure. The characteristics of PgΔ0361C and wild‐type strains were comparable. In conclusion, the pgn_0361 gene is involved in regulating gingipains. The PGN_0361‐defective strain exhibited reduced virulence in terms of epithelial cell detachment and inhibition of wound closure. The culture supernatant of the mutant strain highly inhibited wound closure, which may be due to high gingipain activity.
Motion‐compensated gradient waveforms for tensor‐valued diffusion encoding by constrained numerical optimization
Authors: Szczepankiewicz Filip , Sjölund Jens , Dall’Armellina Erica , Plein Sven , Schneider Jürgen E. , Teh Irvin , Westin Carl‐Fredrik 
Published: October 2020

PurposeDiffusion‐weighted MRI is sensitive to incoherent tissue motion, which may confound the measured signal and subsequent analysis. We propose a “motion‐compensated” gradient waveform design for tensor‐valued diffusion encoding that negates the effects bulk motion and incoherent motion in the ballistic regime.MethodsMotion compensation was achieved by constraining the magnitude of gradient waveform moment vectors. The constraint was incorporated into a numerical optimization framework, along with existing constraints that account for b‐tensor shape, hardware restrictions, and concomitant field gradients. We evaluated the efficacy of encoding and motion compensation in simulations, and we demonstrated the approach by linear and planar b‐tensor encoding in a healthy heart in vivo.ResultsThe optimization framework produced asymmetric motion‐compensated waveforms that yielded b‐tensors of arbitrary shape with improved efficiency compared with previous designs for tensor‐valued encoding, and equivalent efficiency to previous designs for linear (conventional) encoding. Technical feasibility was demonstrated in the heart in vivo, showing vastly improved data quality when using motion compensation. The optimization framework is available online in open source.ConclusionOur gradient waveform design is both more flexible and efficient than previous methods, facilitating tensor‐valued diffusion encoding in tissues in which motion would otherwise confound the signal. The proposed design exploits asymmetric encoding times, a single refocusing pulse or multiple refocusing pulses, and integrates compensation for concomitant gradient effects throughout the imaging volume.
Undergraduate nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes and self‐efficacy regarding palliative care in China: A descriptive correlational study
Authors: Zhou Yinghua , Li Qiao , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo describe nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes and self‐efficacy about palliative care and to examine the associations between these variables in China.DesignA descriptive correlational study.MethodsUndergraduate nursing students (N = 187) at the end of third year of education from a university were surveyed. Measurements included the Chinese versions of the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing, the Death Attitude Profile‐Revised, the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale and the Palliative Care Self‐Efficacy Scale. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed.ResultsAlthough most nursing students had favourable attitudes towards death and caring for the dying, students had low level of knowledge and self‐efficacy regarding palliative care, suggesting the need for integrating palliative care education into nursing curriculum in China. Moreover, special attention should be paid to psychosocial and spiritual care teaching and preparing students to psychologically deal with the challenges in the process of patient's dying.
Lightweight poly (vinylidene fluoride)/silver nanowires hybrid membrane with different conductive network structure for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Qian Jing , Zhang Zheng‐Min , Bao Rui‐Ying , Liu Zheng‐Ying , Yang Ming‐Bo , Yang Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractElectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been widely reported to deal with electromagnetic radiation pollution. However, few studies focus on the effect of the spatial distribution of the AgNWs on the shielding performance of materials. In this work, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/AgNW hybrid electrospun membranes were prepared through dip‐coating and spray‐coating of AgNWs, respectively, and the morphology features and EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of dip‐coated and spray‐coated hybrid membranes were investigated. The results show that the AgNWs in dip‐coated samples form three‐dimensional (3D) networks and those in spray‐coated samples form a two‐dimensional (2D) layer. EMI SE of dip‐coated sample is higher than that of the spray‐coated sample at the same area density of AgNWs, though the electrical conductivity of the spray‐coated sample can be higher than that of the dip‐coated sample. At 900 mg/m2 for area density of AgNWs, EMI SE of the dip‐coated sample can reach 58.7 dB, and EMI SE of the spray‐coated sample does not exceed 33.4 dB owing to that the 3D AgNW networks formed by dip‐coating are beneficial for multiple reflection and interfacial polarization. A higher concentration of AgNW dispersion for dip‐coating leads to a more excellent EMI shielding performance, and the specific SE of the sample by dip‐coating in 0.5 wt% AgNW dispersion can reach 6.62 × 104 dB˙cm2/g due to the high SE of 107.2 dB and low density and thickness. These results reveal the effect of the structure of the AgNW networks on the EMI shielding performance of the hybrid membrane.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of phenotypic‐guided versus guidelines‐guided bronchodilator therapy in viral bronchiolitis
Authors: Rodriguez‐Martinez Carlos E. , Nino Gustavo , Castro‐Rodriguez Jose A. , Perez Geovanny F. , Sossa‐Briceño Monica P. , Buendia Jefferson A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesAlthough recent evidence suggests that management of viral bronchiolitis requires something other than guidelines‐guided therapy, there is a lack of evidence supporting the economic benefits of phenotypic‐guided bronchodilator therapy for treating this disease. The aim of the present study was to compare the cost‐effectiveness of phenotypic‐guided versus guidelines‐guided bronchodilator therapy in infants with viral bronchiolitis.MethodsA decision analysis model was developed to compare the cost‐effectiveness of phenotypic‐guided versus guidelines‐guided bronchodilator therapy in infants with viral bronchiolitis. Phenotypic‐guided bronchodilator therapy was defined as the administration of albuterol in infants exhibiting a profile of increased likelihood of response to bronchodilators. The effectiveness parameters and costs of the model were obtained from systematic reviews of the literature with meta‐analyses and electronic medical records. The main outcome was the avoidance of hospital admission after initial care in the emergency department.ResultsCompared to guidelines‐guided strategy, treating patients with viral bronchiolitis with the phenotypic‐guided bronchodilator therapy strategy was associated with lower total costs (US$250.99; 95% uncertainty interval [UI]: US$184.37 to $336.51 vs. US$263.46; 95% UI: US$189.81 to $349.19 average cost per patient) and a higher probability of avoidance of hospital admission (0.7902; 95% UI: 0.7315–0.8356 vs. 0.7638; 95% UI: 0.7062–0.8201), thus leading to dominance. Results were robust to deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsCompared to guidelines‐guided strategy, treating infants with viral bronchiolitis using the phenotypic‐guided bronchodilator therapy strategy is a more cost‐effective strategy, because it involves a lower probability of hospital admission at lower total treatment costs.
Snapshot of ammonium nitrate: History and use
Authors: Oxley Jimmie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAmmonium nitrate serves a unique spot in society. It can generate non‐toxic, non‐carbonaeous gases; it can provide nitrogen in the form of nitrate which can be quickly taken up by growing plants; and it can be formulated into a low brisant explosive. On the flip‐side, ammonium nitrate is subject to decomposition by heat, humidity and acidicity; and its widespread availability make it a tempting ingredient for terrorists.
“Decentring” international student mobility: The case of African student migrants in China
Authors: Mulvey Benjamin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite the growth in numbers and geopolitical relevance of African students in China, research focusing on this body of student migrants remains scarce. This article presents an empirical investigation and postcolonial theorisation of student migration between Africa and China. Drawing on data from semi‐structured interviews with 40 African students, I provide an account of the decision‐making processes that lead African student migrants to study in Chinese universities. The article explores how this process is mediated by global power asymmetries, specifically China's position within the (post)colonial world system relative to African nations. Four examples are given of student decision‐making processes which are shaped by structural inequalities, and challenge existing understandings of who moves overseas to study for a degree and to what ends. These are as follows: underprivileged students benefiting from China's political manoeuvring, students who are coerced into moving overseas, students who are middle class but not affluent by global standards, and elites who take advantage of social networks to secure diplomatic scholarships.
Two successive occasions resubmitted sampling scheme‐based control chart
Authors: Arshad Asma , Azam Muhammad , Aslam Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a resubmitted sampling‐based successive sampling over two successive occasions control chart is proposed to monitor the underlying characteristic of interest. Auxiliary information of the first occasion is utilized to monitor the relative change in the study variable over the second occasion successively despite high degree of correlation. The structural and operational design is presented along with the comparative performance evaluation. The average run length is used as a performance evaluation measure and proved the argument in favor of the presented concept in comparison with the other auxiliary data control charts. The implementation is explained through two real examples.
Control chart to monitor circular data
Authors: Lima–Filho Luiz M. A. , Bayer Fábio M. , da Silva Augusto M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a new Shewhart‐type control chart for circular or directional data. This type of data is found in several fields and applications, such as wind direction, the arrival time of a patient in a hospital, and the route of animals. The proposal is based on the Jones–Pewsey distribution, which is a very flexible three‐parameter distribution for modeling processes that can be represented as points on the circumference of the unit circle. We conduct an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed control chart with some competitors considering individual measurements and the mean direction (nonindividual observations). The results show that the Jones–Pewsey control chart outperforms the competitors in terms of run length distribution analysis. Finally, we present and discuss two applications based on actual datasets to show the applicability of the proposed control chart.
Exploring the metabolic phenotypes associated with different host inflammation of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from lung metabolomics in mice
Authors: Yu Feng , Zhu Jing , Lei Ming , Wang Chuan‐jiang , Xie Ke , Xu Fang , Lin Shi‐hui 
Published: October 2020

RationaleThe aim of this study was to analyze the metabolomics of lung with different host inflammation of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) for the identification of biomarkers for predicting severity under different inflammatory conditions.MethodsCecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐intratracheal injection induced acute lung injury (ALI) were used. A mouse model was used to explore lung metabolomic biomarkers in ALI/ARDS. The splenectomy model was used as an auxiliary method to distinguish between hyper‐ and hypo‐inflammatory subtypes. Plasma, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected from mice after CLP/LPS. The severity of lung injury was evaluated. Expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in mice serum and lung was tested by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymer chain reaction (PCR). Polymorphonuclear cells in BALF were counted. The lung metabolites were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the metabolic pathways predicted using the KEGG database.ResultsThe LPS/CLP‐Splen group had more severe lung injury than the corresponding ALI group; that in the CLP‐Splen group was more serious than in the LPS‐Splen group. TNF‐α expression was significantly elevated in the serum and lung tissue after LPS or CLP, and higher in the LPS/CLP‐Splen group than in the corresponding ALI group. The level of TNF‐α in the CLP‐Splen group was elevated significantly over that in the LPS‐Splen group. Both these groups also showed significant neutrophil exudation within the lungs. During differential inflammation, more differential metabolites were detected in the lungs of the CLP group ALI mice than in the LPS group. A total of 41 compounds were detected in the lungs of the CLP and CLP‐Splen groups. Contrastingly, eight compounds were detected in the lungs of the LPS and LPS‐Splen groups. The LPS‐Splen and CLP‐Splen groups had significant neutrophil exudation in the lung. Random forest analysis of lung‐targeted metabolomics data indicated 4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 1‐aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (ACPC), cis‐aconitic acid, and hydroxybenzoic acid as strong predictors of the hyper‐inflammatory subgroup in the CLP group. Furthermore, with splenectomy, 13 differential metabolic pathways between the CLP and LPS groups were revealed.ConclusionsHyper‐inflammatory subgroups of ARDS have a greater inflammatory response and a more active lung metabolism. Combined with the host inflammation background, biomarkers from metabolomics could help evaluate the response severity of ARDS.
Identification of the stable and reactive metabolites of tetrahydropiperine using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography combined with diode‐array detection and high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Xiaoling , Li Yanghua 
Published: October 2020

RationaleTetrahydropiperine is one of the natural arylpentanamide compounds isolated from Piper nigrum L., which has been demonstrated to have insecticidal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic profiles of tetrahydropiperine in mouse, rat, dog, monkey and human hepatocytes.MethodsThe in vitro metabolism of tetrahydropiperine was elucidated via incubation with hepatocytes for 2 h at 37°C. The samples were analyzed using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography combined with diode‐array detection and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry operated in positive electrospray ionization mode. The structures of the metabolites were characterized using their retention times and their tandem mass spectrometric product ions.ResultsA total of 20 metabolites were detected and their structures were proposed. These metabolites were formed mainly through the following pathways: (1) 1,3‐benzodioxole ring opening to form a catechol derivative (M12), which was prone to glucuronidation (M6 and M8), methylation (M17) and glutathione (GSH)‐derived conjugation through an ortho‐quinone intermediate (M4) or via an aldehyde intermediate (M7); (2) dehydrogenation to form a piperanine (M15), which was subsequently subject to hydroxylation (M2 and M5) and GSH conjugation (M10 and M11) via Michael addition; (3) hydroxylation (M13, M14, M16, M18 and M19); and (4) direct GSH conjugation through an aldehyde intermediate (M3).ConclusionsThe major metabolic pathways of tetrahydropiperine were hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, methylation, GSH conjugation and glucuronidation. Tetrahydropiperine was bioactivated through ortho‐quinone, Michael receptor and aldehyde intermediates.
How to work with petroleum hydrocarbon suppliers to reduce and eliminate contaminated site management and cleanup requirements
Authors: Guerin Turlough 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPetroleum hydrocarbon suppliers affect a mine's goals for environmental performance because of the extensive reach of petroleum hydrocarbon products into the mining and minerals product life cycle, their impact on operational efficiencies, cost, and mine viability, and their potential for leaving negative environmental as well as safety legacies. The supplied petroleum hydrocarbon life cycle is a framework that enables structured engagement between supplier and customer on a range of environmental performance issues because it is an example of input into the mining industry that affects the entire mining and minerals processing value chain. Engagement with suppliers in a proactive manner can be a risk management strategy. Questions for businesses to ask in relation to suppliers and their role in minimizing business risks and creating new value are offered.
A multiuser decoder based on spectrum analysis for the Brazilian Environmental Data Collecting System
Authors: Duarte José Marcelo L. , de Lima Raffael S. C. G. , Ramos Vítor S. , de Carvalho Manoel J. M. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe Brazilian Environmental Data Collection System (SBCDA) is an asynchronous multiuser message forwarding system based on low earth orbit (LEO) satellites with applications restricted to environmental monitoring and human life protection. This work presents a multiuser SBCDA decoder with low data memory and computational load. The decoder uses spectrum analysis to detect signal presences and upon every signal detection starts a signal decoding process with single‐user bit detection. Simulations considering an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) scenario with signal's time‐frequency positions uniformly and independently distributed and signal's powers uniformly distributed in dB within a dynamic range of 24 dB are present for different densities of user signals. Those show a frame error rate (FER) of approximately 25% for an average of six coexisting signals at every time instant, in which a missed signal was considered as a frame error. Finally, there are considerations on how to improve the performance maintaining a single‐input and single‐user bit detection strategy.
Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman Reaction Accessing GABA Intermediates: Synthesis of New Lipophilic Hydroxylated γ‐Nitroesters
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigues Marieli , Ramiro Sobral Felipe , Da Ros Montes D'Oca Caroline , Russowsky Dennis , Montes D'Oca Marcelo G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman (MBH) reaction has attracted great attention to generate densely functionalized adducts with promising synthetic utility and biological activities. In this work we demonstrate, for the first time, the synthesis of a series of new lipophilic hydroxylated α‐alkyl γ‐nitroesters, advanced γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) intermediates, using the Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman (MBH) reaction as key step. The results show that the long‐chain MBH adducts can be synthesized in good yields in a metal‐free organocatalytic system in the presence of aliphatic aldehydes and activated alkenes, acrylonitrile or methyl acrylate. Followed, the Michael addition of nitromethane to MBH adducts resulted in hydroxylated α‐alkyl γ‐nitroesters in good yields. Thus, the key MBH reaction led to new lipophilic GABA advanced intermediates in good overall yields from aliphatic aldehydes, demonstrating the potential of this reaction pathway towards the synthesis of new drug molecules for the treatment of psychiatric or neurodegenerative disorders.