bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facebook rituals: Identifying rituals of social networking sites using structural ritualization theory
Authors: Bartholomew Darrell E. , Mason Marlys J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article applies structural ritualization theory (SRT) to identify different rituals and determine their importance in the daily lives of social networking sites (SNS) users, especially Facebook users. A mixed‐methods approach of in‐depth interviews and netnography viewed through the lens of SRT allowed us to identify and analyze the types of rituals users engaged in, and how these rituals impacted users and evolved over time. During customer journeys on the SNS of Facebook, users shared daily ritual practices in distinct behavioral stages. Production and consumption of these daily rituals are important to marketers in SNS platform design for building and maintaining connectivity between users and the SNS platform.
Synthesis of New Lathyrane Diterpenoid Derivatives from Euphorbia lathyris and Evaluation of Their Anti‐Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Wang Wang , Wu Yanli , Li Chen , Yang Yueying , Li Xingzhou , Li Hua , Chen Lixia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEuphorbia factor L3, a lathyrane diterpenoid extracted from Euphorbia lathyris, was found to display good anti‐inflammatory activity with very low cytotoxicity. To find more potent anti‐inflammatory drugs, two series of Euphorbia factor L3 derivatives with fatty and aromatic acids were designed and synthesized. Among them, lathyrane derivative 5n exhibited most potent inhibition on LPS‐induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells with no obvious cytotoxicity. To determine the key characteristics of Euphorbia factor L3 derivatives that contribute to anti‐inflammatory activity, we conducted a structure‐activity relationship study of these compounds.
Organocatalyzed Domino Synthesis of New Thiazole‐Based Decahydroacridine‐1,8‐diones and Dihydropyrido[2,3‐d : 6,5‐d′]‐ dipyrimidines in Water as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Bhosle Manisha R. , Kharote Sayali A. , Bondle Giribala M. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Ansari Siddique A. , Alkahtani Hamad M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOrganopromoter, 2‐aminoethanesulfonic acid was used to catalyze the synthesis of a series of structurally intriguing new hybrids thiazolyl acridine‐1,8(2H,5H)‐diones and dihydropyrido[2,3‐d : 6,5‐d′]dipyrimidine‐2,4,6,8(1H,3H,5H,7H)‐tetraones for the first time. 2‐Aminoethanesulfonic acid is a biobased organopromoter, used to generate four new bonds for the synthesis of new coupled thiazole‐based decahydroacridine‐1,8‐diones. Superior green credentials, operational simplicity, easy work‐up and recyclability of the catalyst are the key strengths of this method. The broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, cost effectiveness, high atom economy and good to excellent yields make the present method a distinct improvement over existing methods. Spectral (IR, 1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR, Mass) data and elemental analyses confirmed the structures of the titled products. A series of thiazolyl acridine‐1,8(2H,5H)‐diones and dihydropyrido[2,3‐d : 6,5‐d′]dipyrimidine‐2,4,6,8(1H,3H,5H,7H)‐tetraones were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacterial and three fungal strains.
Hutchinson’s sign of ophthalmic zoster
Authors: Frary Johanna , Petersen Pelle Trier , Pareek Manan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA 77‐year‐old woman presented with ophthalmic zoster and nasal tip involvement, consistent with Hutchinson's sign. Ocular examination disclosed a swollen upper eyelid, chemosis, conjunctival injection, pus, and mild corneal endothelial decompensation. The presence of Hutchinson's sign requires urgent consultation with an ophthalmologist due to the high risk of ocular complications.
Influence of Synthesis Conditions on the Structure of Nickel Nanoparticles and their Reactivity in Selective Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Arrigo Rosa , Gallarati Simone , Schuster Manfred E. , Seymour Jake M. , Gianolio Diego , da Silva Ivan , Callison June , Feng Haosheng , Proctor John E. , Ferrer Pilar , Venturini Federica , Grinter David , Held Georg 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnsupported and SiO2‐supported Ni nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesised via hot‐injection colloidal route using oleylamine (OAm) and trioctylphosphine (TOP) as reducing and protective agents, respectively. By adopting a multi‐length scale structural characterization, it was found that by changing equivalents of OAm and TOP not only the size of the nanoparticles is affected but also the Ni electronic structure. The synthetized NPs were modified with (R,R)‐tartaric acid (TA) and investigated in the asymmetric hydrogenation of methyl acetoacetate to chiral methyl‐3‐hydroxy butyrate. The comparative analysis of structure and catalytic performance for the synthetized catalysts has enabled us to identify a Ni metallic active surface, whereby the activity increases with the size of the metallic domains. Conversely, at the high conversion obtained for the unsupported NPs there was no impact of particle size on the selectivity. (R)‐selectivity was very high only on catalysts containing positively charged Ni species such as over the SiO2‐supported NiO NPs. This work shows that the chiral modification of metallic Ni NPs with TA is insufficient to maintain high selectivity towards the (R)‐enantiomer at long reaction times and provides guidance for the engineering of long‐term stable enantioselective catalysts.
Stoichiometric Photochemical Carbene Transfer by Bamford–Stevens Reaction
Authors: Jana Sripati , Li Fang , Empel Claire , Verspeek Dennis , Aseeva Polina , Koenigs Rene M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe photolysis of diazoalkanes is a timely strategy to conduct carbene‐transfer reactions under mild and metal‐free reaction conditions, and has developed as an important alternative to conventional metal‐catalyzed carbene‐transfer reactions. One of the major limitations lies within the rapidly occurring side reaction of the carbene intermediate with remaining diazoalkane molecules that result in the use of an excess of the reaction partner and thus impacts on the reaction efficiency. Herein, we describe a protocol that takes advantage of the in situ generation of donor–acceptor diazoalkanes by Bamford–Stevens reaction. Following this strategy, the concentration of the diazoalkane reaction partner can be minimized to reduce unwanted side reactions and to now conduct photochemical carbene transfer reactions under stoichiometric reaction conditions. We have explored this approach in the C−H and N−H functionalization and cyclopropanation reaction of N‐heterocycles and could demonstrate the applicability of this method in 51 examples.
Ether‐ and Thioether‐Linked Naphthalene‐Based Liquid‐Crystal Dimers: Influence of Chalcogen Linkage and Mesogenic‐Arm Symmetry on the Incidence and Stability of the Twist–Bend Nematic Phase
Authors: Arakawa Yuki , Ishida Yuko , Tsuji Hideto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe twist–bend nematic (NTB) phase with a heliconical nanostructure of the local director generating symmetry breaking by achiral bent‐shaped molecules is a hot topic of current liquid‐crystal science. As opposed to the most common methylene‐linked dimers, this study demonstrates chalcogen ether‐ and/or thioether‐linked 6‐(4‐cyanophenyl)‐2‐naphthyl‐based liquid‐crystal dimers with symmetric and asymmetric π‐conjugated mesogenic‐arm structures that exhibit the NTB phase. Although the symmetric bis(ether)‐linked dimer exhibits only the conventional nematic (N) phase, the asymmetric bis(ether)‐linked dimer can form the NTB phase. All thioether‐linked dimers form the NTB phase, wherein the dimers with asymmetric arms vitrify in the NTB phase on cooling to room temperature. The phase transitions are discussed in terms of the chalcogen linkage combination, mesogenic‐arm symmetry, and spacer length. It is revealed that thioether‐linked dimers based on asymmetric π‐conjugated mesogenic arms with terminal cyano groups are highly beneficial for the realization of materials that form a wide range of NTB phases and glassy NTB states at room temperature.
Towards appropriate polypharmacy in older cardiovascular patients: How many medications do I have to take?
Authors: Disdier Moulder Magali P. A. , Hendricks Abby K. , Ou Narith N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPolypharmacy in older adults leads to increased risks of side effects and drug‐drug interactions, affecting their health outcomes and quality of life. Deprescribing, the act of simplifying medication regimens, is challenging due to the lack of consensus guidelines.HypothesisTo offer some guidance on managing medication regimens for older cardiovascular patients.MethodsWe reviewed the most recent pertinent guidelines and literature.ResultsThis review provides practical considerations for appropriate prescribing in the older population with cardiovascular disease in order to strike a balance between unnecessary or harmful medications and therapies with proven long‐term benefits.ConclusionOn‐going dialogue between healthcare providers and patients allows close monitoring of medication effectiveness and prevention of side effects. Medication regimens require individualization, as patients' goals of care change with advancing age.
Molecular Epitope Determination of Aptamer Complexes of the Multidomain Protein C‐Met by Proteolytic Affinity‐Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Lupu Loredana , Wiegand Pascal , Hüttmann Nico , Rawer Stephan , Kleinekofort Wolfgang , Shugureva Irina , Kichkailo Anna S. , Tomilin Felix N. , Lazarev Alexander , Berezovski Maxim V. , Przybylski Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractC‐Met protein is a glycosylated receptor tyrosine kinase of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), composed of an α and a β chain. Upon ligand binding, C‐Met transmits intracellular signals by a unique multi‐substrate docking site. C‐Met can be aberrantly activated leading to tumorigenesis and other diseases, and has been recognized as a biomarker in cancer diagnosis. C‐Met aptamers have been recently considered a useful tool for detection of cancer biomarkers. Herein we report a molecular interaction study of human C‐Met expressed in kidney cells with two DNA aptamers of 60 and 64 bases (CLN0003 and CLN0004), obtained using the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) procedure. Epitope peptides of aptamer‐C‐Met complexes were identified by proteolytic affinity‐mass spectrometry in combination with SPR biosensor analysis (PROTEX‐SPR‐MS), using high‐pressure proteolysis for efficient digestion. High affinities (KD, 80–510 nM) were determined for aptamer‐C‐Met complexes, with two‐step binding suggested by kinetic analysis. A linear epitope, C‐Met (381–393) was identified for CLN0004, while the CLN0003 aptamer revealed an assembled epitope comprised of two peptide sequences, C‐Met (524–543) and C‐Met (557–568). Structure modeling of C‐Met‐aptamers were consistent with the identified epitopes. Specificities and affinities were ascertained by SPR analysis of the synthetic epitope peptides. The high affinities of aptamers to C‐Met, and the specific epitopes revealed render them of high interest for cellular diagnostic studies.
National treatment trends in human papillomavirus–positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhan Kevin Y. , Puram Sidharth V. , Li Michael M. , Silverman Dustin A. , Agrawal Amit A. , Ozer Enver , Old Matthew O. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Rocco James W. , Higgins Kevin M. , Enepekides Danny J. , Husain Zain , Kang Stephen Y. , Eskander Antoine 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)–mediated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is associated with dramatically improved survival in comparison with HPV‐negative OPC and can be successfully treated with surgical and nonsurgical approaches. National treatment trends for OPC were investigated with the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).MethodsThe NCDB was reviewed for primary HPV‐mediated OPC in 2010‐2014. Multivariable regression was used to identify predictors of both nonsurgical therapy and receipt of adjuvant chemoradiation (CRT).ResultsThere were 13,363 patients identified with a median age at diagnosis of 58 years. The incidence of triple‐modality treatment (surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy) decreased from 23.7% in 2010 to 16.9% in 2014 (R2 = 0.96), whereas the incidence of nonsurgical treatment increased from 63.9% to 68.7% (R2 = 0.89). Hospitals in the top treatment volume quartile (quartile 1 [Q1]; n = 29) had a lower rate of positive margins (16.3%) than bottom‐quartile centers (n = 741; rate of positive margins, 36.4%; P < .001); Q1 hospitals used surgical therapy significantly more. Independent predictors of nonsurgical therapy included older age, advanced disease, lower hospital volume, and living closer to the hospital or outside the Pacific United States. In surgically treated patients, younger age, lower hospital volume, nodal disease, positive surgical margins, and extranodal extension (ENE) also predicted more adjuvant CRT use.ConclusionsThe use of upfront surgical treatment decreased from 2010 to 2014. Hospital volume shows a strong, inverse correlation with the rate of positive surgical margins. The upfront treatment strategy is predicted not only by staging but also by patient‐, geographic‐, and hospital‐specific factors. Lower hospital volume remains independently associated with increased triple‐modality therapy after adjustments for positive margins, ENE, and pathologic staging.
Single transistor RC‐only second‐order allpass filters
Authors: Maundy B. J. , Elwakil A. S. , Belostotski L. , Herencsar N. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this letter, all possible single transistor RC‐only second‐order allpass filters obtainable from a four impedance common‐source topology are reported. It is shown that there are only seven such filters with only one of them being a minimum component canonical 2R‐2C filter. Two of the found filters are designed and simulated in a 65‐nm CMOS process.
Accuracy and convergence with coupled finite‐volume Monte Carlo codes for time‐dependent plasma edge simulations
Authors: Ghoos Kristel , Samaey Giovanni , Baelmans Martine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith state‐of‐the‐art plasma edge codes, which consist of coupled finite‐volume (FV) Monte Carlo (MC) codes, it is challenging to obtain accurate results for time‐dependent simulations in a feasible computational time. For steady‐state simulations, it has been recently demonstrated that the speed and accuracy can be drastically improved by choosing more suitable numerical parameters and including post‐processing averaging. This article extends the methodology for accuracy assessment to time‐dependent simulations. For a simplified one‐dimensional (1D) plasma edge model, we compare the numerical accuracy of solutions obtained with an implicit approach, where the code system is fully solved in each time step, to those with a mixed implicit/explicit approach, where only the FV code is converged in each time step. We demonstrate the importance of choosing the numerical parameters adequately in both approaches.
Dynamic handover algorithm with interference cancellation in 5G networks for emergency communication
Authors: Kiruthika Venugopalan , Vembu Sumathy 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe integration of 5G networks with cognitive radio (CR) technology enables the software‐defined networking (SDN) infrastructure to support emergency applications. In future, CR can be integrated with 5G and many wireless networks like Wi‐Fi, WSN, and MANET for efficient spectrum utilization with higher data rate and lower latency. This CR technology allows unlicensed users to access the licensed spectrum, whenever it is free. In this paper, an efficient SDN architecture with cognitive ability for emergency network is proposed in which the SDN controller prolong communication between disaster victims and first responders and so the first responders can arrive at the spot directly and rescue the victims. The SDN controller has cognitive ability so that the victims can utilize the vacant licensed band to communicate with the first responders, thereby improving the spectrum utilization of the network. Another two main challenges during emergency are the occurrence of interference and link failure. The proposed dynamic handover algorithm with interference cancellation (DHAIC) cancels the interference between the nodes inside the network and performs dynamic handoff, whenever link failure occurs between the cluster head (CH) and the controller. An optimum throughput and minimal delay is achieved to ensure the network performance.
Assessment of preoperative pancreatic biopsy, cytological/histological review of cell‐block‐specimens obtained by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration: Laboratory‐based study
Authors: Mizutani Natsuko , Mochizuki Makoto , Toki Masao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers worldwide due to the limited availability of techniques for early detection of signs and symptoms. Reportedly, it is the fourth‐leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among Japanese adults. With the advent of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) for diagnosing pancreatic cancer, the rate of the cytological and histological diagnoses of cell‐block‐specimens has significantly increased in Japan.MethodsThe cytological specimens of 165 patients with pancreatic lesions obtained using EUS‐FNA between January 2010 and July 2016 at the Kyorin University Hospital were investigated. The clinical course of 153 patients was assessed from their clinical records, which included information on their imaging diagnosis, laboratory data, final clinical diagnosis and treatment; moreover, the accuracy of the cytological/histological examination and clinical diagnosis at our hospital were analysed.ResultsThe number of cells in cell‐block‐specimens was too small to estimate data. However, cytological specimens were sufficient to observe the findings of suspected malignancy such as necrosis. Biopsy was deemed necessary for diagnosis using both histological and cytological specimens.ConclusionEUS‐FNA can be used not only to diagnose benign or malignant types of pancreatic cancers but also to assess the sensitivity of molecular target drugs and chemotherapy methods. Therefore, both histological and cytological diagnoses are required to enhance diagnostic precision both in our hospital and at other institutions.
Opioids for chronic low back pain: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis of efficacy, tolerability and safety in randomized placebo‐controlled studies of at least 4 weeks of double‐blind duration
Authors: Petzke Frank , Klose Petra , Welsch Patrick , Sommer Claudia , Häuser Winfried 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis updated systematic review evaluated the efficacy, tolerability and safety of opioids compared to placebo in non‐malignant chronic low back pain.Databases and Data TreatmentClinicaltrials.gov, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched from October 2013 to May 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing opioids with placebo and at least 4 weeks of double‐blinded duration were analysed. Primary outcomes were pain relief of 50% or greater, disability, tolerability and safety. Effects were summarized by a random effects model using risk differences or standardized mean differences. We added nine new studies with 2,980 participants for a total of 21 studies with 7,650 participants. Study duration ranged between 4 and 15 weeks. Studies with a parallel and cross‐over design: Based on very low to low‐quality evidence, opioids provided no clinically relevant pain relief of 50% or greater, but a clinically relevant reduction of disability compared to placebo. Enriched enrolment randomized withdrawal (EERW) design: Based on very low to low‐quality evidence, opioids provided a clinically relevant pain relief of 50% or greater, but not a clinically relevant reduction of disability compared to placebo. There was no clinically relevant harm with regard to serious adverse events by opioids compared to placebo in studies with parallel/cross‐over and EERW design. There was a relevant harm with regard to drop out rates due to adverse events in studies with parallel/cross‐over, but not in studies with EERW design.ConclusionsOpioids may provide a safe and clinically relevant pain relief for 4–15 weeks in highly selected patients.SignificanceWithin the context of randomized controlled trials of 4–15 weeks, opioids provided a clinically relevant pain relief of 30% or greater and a clinically relevant reduction of disability compared to placebo in non‐malignant chronic low back pain. Number needed to treat for an additional drop out due to side effects was 11 (95% confidence interval: 6–33). Assessment of abuse and addiction was incomplete. The frequency of serious adverse events including deaths did not differ from placebo.
Application of polydopamine‐coated nylon capillary‐channeled polymer fibers as a stationary phase for mass spectrometric phosphopeptide analysis
Authors: Trang Hung K. , Marcus R. Kenneth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCapillary‐channeled polymer (C‐CP) fibers are demonstrated as a selective stationary phase for phosphopeptide analysis via LC–MS. Taking advantage of the oxidative self‐polymerization of dopamine under alkaline conditions, a simple system involving a dilute aqueous solution of 0.2% w/v dopamine hydrochloride in 0.15% w/v TRIS buffer, pH 8.5 was utilized to coat polydopamine onto nylon 6 C‐CP fibers. Confirmation of the polydopamine coating on the fibers (nylon‐PDA) was made through attenuated total reflection‐FTIR (ATR‐FTIR) analysis. Imaging using SEM was also performed to examine the morphology and topography of the nylon‐PDA. Subsequent loading of Fe3+ to the nylon‐PDA matrix was confirmed by SEM/energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The Fe3+‐bound nylon‐PDA fibers packed in a microbore column format were tested in the off‐line preconcentration of phosphopeptides from a 1:100 mixture of β‐casein/BSA digests for MALDI‐TOF analysis. The packed column was also installed onto an HPLC system as a platform for the online sample clean‐up and enrichment of phosphopeptides from a 1:1000 mixture of β‐casein/BSA protein digests that were determined by subsequent ESI–MS analysis.