bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borges: su poética y algunos poemas dedicados a escritores
Authors: Mafla Mercedes 
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo se ocupará de realizar unas anotaciones generales sobre las manifestaciones explícitas de la poética de Jorge Luis Borges y, en especial, delineará la hipótesis de que, aunque el autor argentino siempre expresó sus ideas sobre la literatura en ensayos y ficciones por todos conocidos, también lo hizo, de una forma más velada, en muchos poemas que, a lo largo de su larga vida, les dedicó a variados escritores. Es pertinente señalar que los poemas que analizaremos en este ensayo tienen una característica adicional notable: contienen juicios críticos, puestos en escena por medio de varios recursos narrativos.
Antes de entrar en el grupo de poemas dedicados a escritores, he creído pertinente hacer un escueto resumen del origen del arte poética, como un subgénero literario de antigua data, el mismo que se expresó en América Latina con bastante recurrencia, aunque con distintos fines: en su momento, como herencia directa de los clásicos (Horacio o Aristóteles) y, más adelante, como la manifestación de posturas individuales de asumir la poesía y la labor del poeta. En este contexto, Borges tiene la virtud de sintetizar la tradición y sus propias preguntas sobre su destino literario. Estos serán los asuntos a los que nos aproximaremos a continuación.
Efficacy of prophylactic calcium dobesilate in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: AKKOÇ Ali , METİN Ahmet 
Published: May 2020

Aim: In this study, the objective was to investigate the protective effect of calcium dobesilate, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on the experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar-Albino rats were divided into three groups: Sham group (Group 1), ischemia-reperfusion group (Group 2), and treatment group (Group 3). Before the ischemia-reperfusion procedure, rats in Group 3 received calcium dobesilate through gavage (100mg/kg/day) for 10 days. Groups other than the sham group underwent ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion for 24 hours. Plasma urea and creatinine levels, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity levels were measured. In addition, histopathological changes that may be related to ischemia-reperfusion injury in the renal tissue, were investigated.Results: The median glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzyme levels were higher in Group 2 compared to Groups 1 and 3. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The creatine levels were statistically lower in Group 3 compared to Group 1 and Group 2. The median urea levels were lower in Group 3 than in Group 1 and Group 2, but the differences were not statistically significant. The histopathological examination showed that parameters such as cellular necrosis, flattened tubular epithelial cells, cytoplasmic vacuolization, tubular lumen obstruction, and chronic inflammation, which are indicators of the ischemia-reperfusion injury, were statistically less common in the treatment group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that prophylactic calcium dobesilate had a protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Risk Factors and Surgical Treatment Methods in Femoral Hernia
Authors: TOSUN Salih , AYDEMİR Muhammet Ali , LEBLEBİCİ Metin , EKİNCİ Özgür , YENER Oktay , ALİMOĞLU Orhan 
Published: May 2020

Aim: Femoral hernias are more common in the right groin and in the female population. Elective hernia surgery after diagnosis is the most suitable option for femoral hernias, due to fewer complications and shorter length of hospitalization. In this study, we analysed the factors affecting clinical outcomes in patients undergoing urgent or elective early surgery, due to femoral hernia.Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, all elective and urgent femoral hernias that were operated between January 2017 and January 2020 were analysed. Routine imaging tests were not applied to the patients and ultrasonography (USG) was applied in the presence of clinical suspicion. Results: 38 femoral hernia patients were operated on during the 3 years observation period. According to the type of surgery, 30 patients underwent hernia repair with mesh and 8 patients underwent suture repair. Of the 28 patients operated electively, 5 were male and 23 were female. 17 of the patients were right and 11 were left femoral hernia. Of the 10 patients who were operated urgently due to strangulation or incarceration, 4 were male and 6 were female. 7 of the patients were right and 3 were left femoral hernia. 3 of the urgently operated patients underwent intestinal resection due to strangulation.Conclusion: Femoral hernias were more common in women and especially in the right side, and emergent femoral hernia surgery resulted in more intestinal resection and longer patient hospitalization. In particular, we think that the application of USG with physical examination in women will increase the diagnosis rates of femoral hernias. In addition, we think that the diagnosis of preoperative femoral hernia will decrease recurrence rates by choosing the right surgical technique.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DILI (DISCOVERY LEARNING DAN INQUIRY) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: Kewere Mariske , Matdoan M Nur , Airini Ine 
Published: May 2020

Background: In achieving a learning goal a teacher is required to be able to choose an effective learning model to be applied in a particular concept. One of the causes of students' lack of understanding of a concept is teacher-centered learning and lack of motivation in students in the learning process. The Discovery Learning and Inquiry learning model is a series of learning activities that maximally involve all students' abilities to search and investigate systematically, critically, logically, analytically, so that they are able to solve the problems themselves with confidence.
Method: This study uses the Discovery Learning and Inquiry learning model on the concept of viruses in class X2 of SMA Negeri 7 Ambon. This research was conducted from 16 February to 16 March 2019.
Results: This study shows that there is an increase in student learning outcomes after using the Discovery Learning learning model that is integrated with the Inquiry model.
Conclusion: From the learning outcomes that are based on the student's final grade shows that there is an increase in the initial test results of students who have not reached the minimum completeness criteria and the final test has reached the minimum completeness criteria (KKM).
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SIMAS ERIC PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI SATU ATAP KAIRATU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Pentury Mychael , Tuapattinaya P M. J , Salmanu S I. A 
Published: May 2020

Background: The use of appropriate learning models, is an alternative to overcome the problem of students' low absorption of lessons, in order to improve the quality of teaching. SIMAS ERIC learning model (Skimming, Mind Mapping, Questioning, Exploring, Writing, and Communicating) is a learning model that helps teachers train students to plan learning, monitor the learning process, and evaluate student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the implementation of SIMAS ERIC (Skimming, Mind Mapping, Questioning, Exploring, Writing, and Communicating) learning models to improve biology learning outcomes in eighth grade students of one-roof state junior high school, Kairatu.
Method: The research design used was descriptive research. Research subjects were 25 garde VIII students. Data on biology learning outcomes are obtained through pre-test and post-test, observation to observe cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities.
Results: The average achievement score obtained at the final value is 85.23%.
Conclusion: There is an increase in student learning outcomes shown through the results of formative tests after being taught breathing system material in human beings with the application of the SIMAS ERIC learning model (Skimming, Mind mapping, Questioning, Exploring, Writing, Communicating)
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPS DENGAN METODE SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA MATERI GLOBALISASI DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ilham Muhammad , Hardiyanti Waode Eti 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi tidak adanya Perangkat Pembelajaran IPS yang berorientasi pada pengembangan kemampuan berpikir siswa. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan guru dalam mengajarakan materi globalisasi, mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran IPS dengan metode saintifik, dan mengkaji keefektifan dan kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran IPS dengan metode saintifik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, tes angket, dan dokumentasi. Analisis kevalidan perangkat pembelajaran dilakukan dengan penilaian ahli. Data tentang sikap kritis siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa meliputi uji normalitas, uji kesamaan dua varians, uji n-gain, dan uji perbedaan dua rata-rata. Analisis kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan guru dalam mengajarkan materi globalisasi berbasis pada transformasi ilmu pengetahuan. Perangkat pembelajaran IPS dengan metode saintifik telah memenuhi kriteria valid. Nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa lebih dari KKM (65), uji N-gain dengan nilai 0,50, rata-rata sikap kritis siswa 30,9, dan respons positif guru dan siswa lebih dari 75%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan perangkat pembelajaran IPS dengan metode saintifik valid, efektif dan praktis untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Sehingga disarankan penggunaan perangkat pembelajaran ini dalam mengajarkan IPS di sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: Perangkat Pembelajaran IPS, Metode Saintifik, Berpikir Kritis
How Can We Make Health Regulation More Humane? A Quality Improvement Approach to Understanding Complainant and Practitioner Experiences
Authors: Biggar Susan , Lobigs Louisa M. , Fletcher Martin 
Published: May 2020

Health-professional regulation plays a central role in patient safety by responding to concerns about the conduct of health practitioners that may breach professional standards. This study aims to understand the experience of both complainants and registered health practitioners during the management of a notification (complaint or concern) with a health-practitioner board in Australia.
Experience-survey responses from complainants (n=1,217) and practitioners (n=1,604) with a recently closed notification were analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis.
Respondents in both groups felt the process was not fair or impartial, and lacked transparency and adequate updates. The time taken to reach an outcome was a frustration for many (complainants 46%, practitioners 49%). A notable difference between the groups was their view of the outcome: 70% of practitioners were satisfied and 71% of complainants dissatisfied. Finally, many practitioners (89%) reported high levels of stress.
Designing regulatory processes that are robust and humane is complex and multifaceted. However, the symmetry of priorities for both parties identified — fairness, transparency, communication, timeliness and empathic contact — highlights the value of understanding both complainant and practitioner experiences. This knowledge can lead to improvements in the trustworthiness and effectiveness of health-practitioner regulation, and its contribution to patient safety.
Electron microscopic changes in the skin of rats 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after thermal trauma on the background of the introduction for the first 7 days of 0.9% NaCl solution
Authors: Маievskyi O.Ye. , Mironov Ye.V. , Galunko G.М. , Ocheretna N.P. , Gunas I.V. 
Published: May 2020

A burn wound occurs as a result of exposure to high-temperature skin or chemicals and is a serious injury with systemic effects. The problem of treatment of thermal trauma is urgent for modern medicine. Despite the fact that the overall mortality rate has dropped significantly in recent years, research about the development of new treatments and technologies for patients with skin burns is extremely important. The aim of the study is to research the features of electron microscopic changes in the skin of rats during the month after burns of II-III degree against the background of the introduction of the first 7 days of 0.9% NaCl solution. Studies were performed on 180 laboratory white rats-males weighing 155-160 g. In the course of the experiment, the animals were divided into 2 groups: 1 – rats without thermal injury, which were infused with 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg; group 2 – rats which infused 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg for 7 days after skin burns. Burning skin damage was caused by applying to the lateral surfaces of the trunk of rats for 10 seconds four copper plates, heated in water at a constant temperature of 100 C. The total area of skin lesion in rats was 21-23%. Shaving of the lateral surfaces of rats’ trunk, catheterization of veins, staging of skin burns, and decapitation of animals (after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days) were performed under intravenous propofol anesthesia (calculated at 60 mg/kg body weight). Preparations for electron microscopic examination were prepared according to the standard procedure. The data obtained were studied using a PEM-125K electron microscope. Electron microscopic studies of the skin of animals after thermal trauma under the conditions of application of 0.9% NaCl solution have found that in the early stages of the experiment – the stage of shock and early toxemia (1, 3, 7 days) compensatory and adaptive changes of its structural components are combined with signs of destructive disorders. In the epitheliocytes of the epidermis of the affected area of the skin is the destruction of nuclei and cytoplasm. Vascular disorders in the dermis are combined with changes in fibroblasts, an intercellular substance of fibrous connective tissue. In the late stages of the experiment – the stages of late toxemia and septicotoxemia (14, 21 and 30 days), there is a further development and deepening of destructive-dystrophic changes of all structural components of the affected skin, they become irreversible. The processes of granulation tissue formation, its transformation into connective tissue, as well as marginal epithelialization are slow. This morphological condition of the burn wound indicates the need for the use of corrective drugs to reduce destructive changes and the activation of regenerative processes in the area of skin lesions.
Correlations of linear sizes of molars with cephalometric indicators of practically healthy men of the northern region of Ukraine
Authors: Polishchuk S.S. , Kotsyura O.O. , Dmitriev M.O. , Orlovskiy V.O. , Popov M.V. 
Published: May 2020

The question of the relationship between the metric characteristics of cranial structures and odontometric parameters, and the possibility of building models based on them, which can later find their practical application in dental practice, remain a pressing problem of modern medical science. The purpose of the study is to establish the features of the relationship between the linear dimensions of molars with the cephalometric parameters of the brain and facial skull of practically healthy men in the northern region of Ukraine. 32 practically healthy residents of the northern region of Ukraine (from Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Sumy and Chernihiv regions) underwent computed tomography followed by odontometry of molars and cephalometry. The correlations between odontometric and cephalometric parameters were assessed using Spearman’s nonparametric statistics in the licensed package “Statistica 6.1”. The peculiarities of the correlations of the studied characteristics of molars with the indicators of the cerebral skull are established – multiple, only direct reliable (r = 0.35-0.57) and unreliable (r = 0.30-0.35) average correlation force (18.7% on the upper jaw, of which the relative majority with vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal dimensions and 24.1% on the lower jaw, of which the relative majority with the height of the teeth, their crowns and the length of the tooth roots); as well as with the indicators of the facial skull – mostly direct reliable (r = 0.35-0.51) and unreliable medium strength (r = 0.30-0.37) correlations, in most cases of a single nature (6.0% on the upper jaw and 6.6% on the lower jaw, almost uniformly with the height of the teeth, their crowns, root length, vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal dimensions). The results of correlation analysis of craniofacial structures are necessary for the correct construction of mathematical models, which can later find their practical application in dental practice and forensic medicine.
Morphological changes in the conditions of adrenaline myocardial dystrophy against the background of the introduction of the compound PC-66 and amiodarone to rats
Authors: Dzhyhaliuk O.V. , Lysenko D.A. , Smolko D.G. , Kyrychenko I.M. , Prokopenko S.V. 
Published: May 2020

Adrenaline damage to the myocardium is an important element in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction in humans. Despite the use of modern methods of treatment of myocardial infarction, the issue of cardioprotection of reperfusion myocardial damage remains open. Promising in this direction is the use of quinazolone derivatives, which have already shown cardioprotective properties in other models of myocardial infarction. The aim of the study was to establish morphological changes in the conditions of adrenaline myocardiodystrophy (AMD) against the background of the introduction of the compound PC-66 and amiodarone in rats. The study was performed on 100 nonlinear rats of both sexes weighing 165-220 g, divided into four groups of 25 animals each: 1 – intact rats; 2 – rats with a model of adrenaline myocardial infarction without treatment (control); 3 – rats with AMD treated with amiodarone (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally); 4 – rats with AMD treated with compound PC-66 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). It was found that control rats under conditions of cardiotoxic dose of adrenaline in the left ventricular myocardium for up to 8 days of the experiment does not fully restore the myocardial structure, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes were found in both cardiomyocytes and walls of vessels of a blood microcirculatory channel of a myocardium. Course intraperitoneal administration to rats of the compound PC-66 in the conditions of adrenaline myocardial infarction as well as amiodarone, contributes to the attenuation of signs of dystrophic and destructive processes. The degree of protective effect on the myocardium under conditions of cardiotoxic dose of adrenaline compound PC-66 was not lower to the reference drug – amiodarone. Thus, it is morphologically confirmed that in adrenaline myocardial infarction the compound PC-66, similar to the action of amiodarone, has a cardioprotective effect.
Contradictory views on the acquired and congenital etiology of pilonidal disease
Authors: Konoplitsky V.S. , Shavliuk R.V. , Shavliuk V.M. 
Published: May 2020

Pilonidal disease is a pathology that was first described more than 100 years ago. However, it still remains the subject of discussion, because there is still no clear unambiguous definition of this pathology, nor its well-known etiology. Despite the large number of developed and substantiated theories, there are still two opposing views on the cause of pilonidal disease. Some scientists are supporters of the “congenital” theory, others – the theory of acquired origin. However, this does not clarify the ultimate goal of these studies: to develop optimal treatment tactics. The purpose of the work is to clarify the data on the etiology of pilonidal disease in children. The study is based on the results of treatment analysis of 37 children diagnosed with “pilonidal disease” who were hospitalized in the Department of Emergency Surgery of Vinnytsia Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, of which boys – 26, girls – 11. The mean age of patients was 16.4±0.4 years. Histological sections of tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopy and creation of a photo archive of histological specimens were performed using a light microscope OLIMPUS BX 41 at a magnification of 100 and 200, in the software environment “Quick PHOTO MICRO 2.3”. The study found that there are significant differences in the histological structure of pilonidal cysts in children and adults. In pediatric patients, mesenchymal tissue was found, which is not typical for this group of patients. It was also found that the cavity of the pilonidal cyst in children is covered with a multilayered squamous non-keratinizing epithelium, and there is almost no granulation tissue. In our opinion, pilonidal disease is a polyetiological disease, the main cause of which is the congenital features of the organism, which are realized due to socio-economic and environmental factors.
Predictors of inpatient admission in the setting of anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a Minimally Invasive Spine Study Group (MISSG) investigation
Authors: Parrish James M. , Jenkins Nathaniel W. , Nolte Michael T. , Massel Dustin H. , Hrynewycz Nadia M. , Brundage Thomas S. , Myers Jonathan A. , Singh Kern , _ _ 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEWhile the anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) procedure may be amenable to ambulatory surgery, it has been hypothesized that limitations such as the risk of postoperative ileus and vascular complications have hindered transition of this procedure to the outpatient setting. Identification of independent risk factors predisposing patients to inpatient stays of ≥ 24 hours after ALIF may facilitate better postsurgical outcomes, target modifiable risk factors, and assist in the development of screening tools to transition appropriate patients to the ambulatory surgery center (ASC) setting for this procedure. The purpose of this study was to identify the most relevant risk factors that predispose patients to ≥ 24-hour admission following ALIF.METHODSA prospectively maintained surgical registry was reviewed for patients undergoing single ALIF between May 2006 and December 2019. Demographics, preoperative diagnosis, perioperative variables, and postoperative complications were evaluated according to their relative risk (RR) elevation for an inpatient stay of ≥ 24 hours. A Poisson regression model was used to evaluate predictors of inpatient stays of ≥ 24 hours. Risk factors for inpatient admission of ≥ 24 hours were identified with a stepwise backward regression model.RESULTSA total of 111 patients underwent single-level ALIF (50.9% female and 52.6% male, ≤ 50 years old). Eleven (9.5%) patients were discharged in < 24 hours and 116 remained admitted for ≥ 24 hours. The average inpatient stay was > 2 days (53.7 hours). The most common postoperative complications were fever (body temperature ≥ 100.4°F; n = 4, 3.5%) and blood transfusions (n = 4, 3.5%). Bivariate analysis revealed a preoperative diagnosis of retrolisthesis or lateral listhesis to elevate the RR for an inpatient stay of ≥ 24 hours (RR 1.11, p = 0.001, both diagnoses). Stepwise multivariate analysis demonstrated significant predictors for inpatient stays of ≥ 24 hours to be an operation on L4–5, coexisting degenerative disc disease (DDD) with foraminal stenosis, and herniated nucleus pulposus (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20, p = 0.009, all covariates).CONCLUSIONSThis study provides data regarding the incidence of demographic and perioperative characteristics and postoperative complications as they pertain to patients undergoing single-level ALIF. This preliminary investigation identified the most relevant risk factors to be considered before appropriately transitioning ALIF procedures to the ASC. Further studies of preoperative characteristics are needed to elucidate ideal ASC ALIF patients.