bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphostructural and immunohistochemical study for evaluation of nano‐TiO2toxicity inArmadillo officinalisDuméril, 1816 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)
Authors: Flaccavento Alessia , Pecoraro Roberta , Scalisi Elena Maria , Messina Giuseppina , Salvaggio Antonio , Impellizzeri Giuliana , Lombardo Bianca Maria , Brundo Maria Violetta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInvertebrates are precious organisms in order to study environmental pollution. In particular, they appear to be suitable as a bioindicator species for pioneer ecotoxicity studies on new xenobiotics such as nanoparticles. In fact, they are able to absorb nanomaterials scattered in the environment in different ways and it's known the compartmentalization of nano‐sized contaminants in selected tissues and intracellular organelles. Titanium dioxide represents the most used nanoparticulate, destined to become probably ubiquitous in the environment. Recently, some research has been published on the toxic potential of nano‐TiO2in several animal species. Among all invertebrates, Oniscidean Isopods are the only taxon of Crustaceans that has become completely terrestrial, known as excellent bioindicators and bioaccumulators. They have a digestive gland, the hepatopancreas, which is the location of election for the accumulation of pollutants. For this reason, they are considered efficient animal models to ecological studies. For this study, we collectedArmadillo officinalisfrom Natural Oriented Reserve of “Vendicari” (Sicily, Italy), to evaluate the toxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on their hepatopancreas, after a short period of exposure. We conducted morphostructural and immunohistochemistry assays. The results suggested a great capacity of the species of bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in the hepatopancreas, where a strong positivity to the metallothioneins was highlighted. Our study confirms that Oniscidean Isopods, in particularArmadillo officinalis, proved to be an appropriate indicator of pollution in terrestrial ecosystems from nanoparticles.
Vulnerable suspects in police interviews: Exploring current practice in England and Wales
Authors: Farrugia Laura , Gabbert Fiona 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMentally disordered individuals are increasingly coming into contact with the police. The current study explored investigative interview practice with mentally disordered suspects to examine how they respond and the impact this has on the level of information obtained. Transcripts of interviews conducted with vulnerable and nonvulnerable suspects (N= 66) were analysed using a specially designed coding framework. Results highlighted that best practice is generally not being adhered to regarding questioning techniques (for example, the use of open questions). Furthermore, although police officers altered their communication to suit the needs of the vulnerable suspect, they were also more likely to use minimisation tactics. Mentally disordered suspects sought more clarification for open questions and provided more information to closed questions. They also demonstrated higher levels of vulnerability (suggestibility and compliance) when compared with their nonvulnerable counterparts. Implications regarding interviewing methods for this vulnerable group are discussed.
Correlation of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Parameters and Histological Characteristics From Infiltrated Marrow in Patients With Acute Leukemia
Authors: Li Jianting , Zheng Rong , Niu Jinliang , Song Xiaoli , Wu Wenqi , Fan Rong , Gong Tong 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundAn accurate and noninvasive method is of great importance to assess angiogenesis and cellularity of bone marrow in acute leukemia (AL).PurposeTo investigate whether the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters correlate with the histological characteristics of infiltrated marrow in AL patients and compare the difference between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Study TypeProspective.Population ModelForty newly diagnosed patients with AL, including 20 AML and 20 ALL.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T/T1WI and IVIM.AssessmentIVIM‐derived parameters (true diffusion coefficient D, pseudodiffusion coefficient D*, and perfusion fraction, f) were measured in lumbar marrow. Histopathological analyses were performed from samples of marrow biopsy.Statistical TestsThe correlations between IVIM parameters and histological parameters used the Spearman correlation test. The difference of IVIM parameters and histological parameters between ALL and AML groups used the unpaired t‐test or Mann–Whitney U‐test, as appropriate.ResultsThe f was positively correlated with microvessel density (MVD) in patients with ALL, AML, and AL (r = 0.740, P = 0.006; r = 0.771, P < 0.001; and r = 0.750, P < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant correlations between D and bone marrow cellularity in the three groups (r = –0.289, P = 0.362; r = 0.281, P = 0.292; and r = 0.058, P = 0.769, respectively). D and f values of ALL were higher than that of AML group (t = 3.332, P = 0.003 and t = 2.600, P = 0.014, respectively). MVD was higher in ALL than AML (t = 2.120, P = 0.044), whereas bone marrow cellularity had no significant difference between AML and ALL (t = –0.682, P = 0.501).Data ConclusionThe f value derived from IVIM in bone marrow was positively correlated with MVD, while f might be able to show a difference of vascularity between ALL and AML. Therefore, the f value can be used as an alternative imaging marker of angiogenesis in marrow of AL patients.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1720–1726.
Computational approach to correcting joint instability in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation
Authors: Alvarez Oliver , Steensen Robert N. , Rullkoetter Paul J. , Fitzpatrick Clare K. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTPatellar dislocation is a debilitating injury common in active adolescents and young adults. Conservative treatment after initial dislocation is often recommended, but almost half of these patients continue to suffer from recurrent dislocation. The objective of this study was to compare preoperative patellofemoral joint stability with stability after a series of simulated procedures, including restorative surgery to correct to pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, patient‐specific reconstructive surgery to correct anatomic abnormality, less invasive patient‐specific surgery, and equivalent healthy controls. Three‐dimensional, subject‐specific finite element models of the patellofemoral joint were developed for 28 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. A 50 N lateral load was applied to the patella to assess the lateral stability of the patellofemoral joint at 10° intervals from 0° to 40° flexion. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, along with reconstructive procedures to correct anatomic abnormality were simulated. Of all the simulations performed, the healthy equivalent control models showed the least patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament restraining load during lateral loading tests. Isolated restorative medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction was the surgery that resulted in the most patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament reaction force across all flexion angles. Patient‐specific reconstruction to correct anatomic abnormality was the only surgical group to have non‐significantly different results compared with the healthy equivalent control group across all joint stability metrics evaluated. Statement of clinical significance: This study suggests patient‐specific reconstructive surgery that corrects underlying anatomic abnormalities best reproduces the joint stability of an equivalent healthy control when compared with the pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, and less invasive patient‐specific surgery. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:768‐776, 2020
Clinical Sequelae From Overfeeding in Enterally Fed Critically Ill Adults: Where Is the Evidence?
Authors: Chapple Lee‐anne S. , Weinel Luke , Ridley Emma J. , Jones Daryl , Chapman Marianne J. , Peake Sandra L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnteral energy delivery above requirements (overfeeding) is believed to cause adverse effects during critical illness, but the literature supporting this is limited. We aimed to quantify the reported frequency and clinical sequelae of energy overfeeding with enterally delivered nutrition in critically ill adult patients. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL from conception to November 28, 2018, identified clinical studies of nutrition interventions in enterally fed critically ill adults that reported overfeeding in 1 or more study arms. Overfeeding was defined as energy delivery > 2000 kcal/d, > 25 kcal/kg/d, or ≥ 110% of energy prescription. Data were extracted on methodology, demographics, prescribed and delivered nutrition, clinical variables, and predefined outcomes. Cochrane “Risk of Bias” tool was used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Eighteen studies were included, of which 10 were randomized (n = 4386 patients) and 8 were nonrandomized (n = 223). Only 4 studies reported a separation in energy delivery between treatment groups whereby 1 arm met the definition of overfeeding, which reported no between‐group differences in mortality, infectious complications, or ventilatory support. Overfeeding was associated with increased insulin administration (median 3 [interquartile range: 0–41.8] vs 0 [0–30.6] units/d) and upper‐gastrointestinal intolerance in 1 large RCT and with duration of antimicrobial therapy in a small RCT. There are limited high‐quality data to determine the impact of energy overfeeding of critically ill patients by the enteral route; however, based on available evidence, overfeeding does not appear to affect mortality or other important clinical outcomes.
Comparative Analysis Between Computed Tomography and Surrogate Methods to Detect Low Muscle Mass Among Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Souza Nilian Carla , Gonzalez Maria Cristina , Martucci Renata Brum , Rodrigues Viviane Dias , de Pinho Nivaldo Barroso , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Avesani Carla Maria 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the agreement between computed tomography (CT) and surrogate methods applied in clinical practice for the assessment of low muscle mass. In addition, we assessed the association between different muscle‐assessment methods and nutrition status, as well as the prognostic value of low muscle mass on survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsThis is a cohort including 188 CRC patients with 17 months’ follow‐up (interquartile range: 12–23 months) for mortality. Low muscle mass was evaluated by corrected mid‐upper arm muscle area (AMAc) and calf circumference, skeletal muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), muscle deficit by physical examination with the Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA), and lumbar muscle cross‐sectional area by CT (reference method).ResultsThe prevalence of low muscle mass ranged from 9.6% to 54.3% according to the method used. The physical examination had the highest κ coefficient compared with CT. Low muscularity was associated with the presence of malnutrition, lower body fat, and low phase angle. The Cox regression models—adjusted for age, sex, and treatment 3 months before study inclusion—showed that severe muscle loss measured by BIA and CT and low muscle mass measured by PG‐SGA predicted higher mortality rates.ConclusionsCompared with CT, the physical examination had the best agreement to assess low muscle mass. Low muscle mass assessed by PG‐SGA, BIA, and CT showed similar prognostic values for survival.
Phospholipids accumulation and calcification in cultured primary human aortic valve interstitial cells: New insights revealed by confocal Raman imaging
Authors: Czamara Krzysztof , Kopytek Magdalena , Szulczewska Malgorzata , Kaczor Agnieszka , Natorska Joanna 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRaman imaging was applied to investigate calcification process in situ in primary human aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVICs) isolated from patients with developed non‐rheumatic aortic stenosis (AS). To invoke calcification, cells were incubated in an osteogenic medium (OSM) in some cases supplemented with glucose. Surprisingly, upon 7 days of incubation, no calcification in the form of inorganic salts was detected, instead, the increase of lipid inclusions containing phospholipids inside HAVICs was observed, probably in the sites involved in further mineral precipitation. Glucose supplementation (reflecting diabetes mellitus influence on AS) slightly decreased the overall content of phospholipids. A long incubation time resulted in the formation of significant amounts of inorganic calcium salts extracellularly and only in the presence of type I collagen. In the absence of type I collagen, calcium oxalate dihydrate was observed inside the cells. Due to application of Raman imaging, an unbiased, label‐free method of high‐spatial resolution and chemical specificity, it was possible to demonstrate unequivocally that calcification in the form of hydroxyapatite took place extracellularly in the presence of type I collagen and required long incubation with OSM.
High color purity emission from quantum dots by optimizing the full width at half the maximum and optical density to blue light
Authors: Yang Chaoqun , Zhu Jiuhui , Huang Chang‐Chih , Liu Guanghui , Li Zhifu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we got wide color gamut of quantum dot (QD) films by optimizing the spectra width and optical density (OD) of quantum dots. The specific methods to achieve the following: QD R: one layer of color filter R film was coated below the QD R layer. QD G: one layer of yellow‐green film was coated below the QD G film. By a structure optimal design, we got wide color gamut up to 99.2% BT2020 (equal to 132.86% NTSC) in Cd‐based QD and 93.6% BT2020 (equal to 125.35% NTSC) in Cd‐free QD. Furthermore, the gamut of QD display will continue to be improved by continuous refining the structure of QD display.
Heterogeneity of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer: Differences in Clinicopathologic and Ultrasound Features Between Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Patients
Authors: Zhu Kai , Wang Dongmo , Li Ziyao , Du Guoqing , Guo Qiang , Wu Tong , Li Juan 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether any salient differences exist in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) between premenopausal and postmenopausal patients by comprehensively comparing the ultrasound (US) and clinicopathologic features of these patients.MethodsA detailed evaluation of the US and clinicopathologic features of 60 tumors from 60 patients with a diagnosis of TNBC (36 premenopausal and 24 postmenopausal women) was conducted in this retrospective study.ResultsTriple‐negative breast cancer in premenopausal patients was more likely to show a round or oval shape and microlobulated margins, more commonly exerted effects on surrounding tissue, and showed grade 3 blood flow according to the method of Adler et al (Ultrasound Med Biol 1990; 16:553–559) compared with tumors in postmenopausal women. Triple‐negative breast cancer in postmenopausal patients showed some similar US features as those observed in estrogen receptor–positive tumors, including irregular shapes, angular or spiculated margins, and nonparallel growth to the skin (P < .05 for all).ConclusionsAlthough US cannot be used to unequivocally identify TNBC, it can distinguish some salient US features regarding TNBC between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Such information can then provide some valuable predictive information on the diagnosis of TNBC for clinicians.
Longitudinal Reference Ranges for Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion and Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion in Normally Grown Fetuses
Authors: Lee‐Tannock Alison , Hay Karen , Gooi Alex , Kumar Sailesh 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to construct reference ranges for fetal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) using conventional M‐mode ultrasound (US) in the second half of pregnancy.MethodsParticipants underwent US scans every 4 weeks from 18 weeks’ gestation until delivery. The TAPSE and MAPSE were measured by conventional M‐mode US at each examination. The relationships between TAPSE and MAPSE and gestational age and estimated fetal weight were modeled by Bayesian mixed effects linear regression.ResultsPositive linear relationships were observed between both MAPSE and TAPSE and gestational age and estimated fetal weight. Reference centiles for TAPSE and MAPSE were developed.ConclusionsThis simple technique is a useful tool for assessing cardiac function and could be used for quantitative assessments of fetal cardiac function, particularly in high‐risk pregnancies such as those complicated by maternal diabetes.
Impairment of mitochondrial unfolded protein response contribute to resistance declination of H2O2‐induced injury in senescent MRC‐5 cell model
Authors: Lee Tzu‐Ying , Huang Li‐Ju , Dong Huei‐Ping , Tohru Yoshioka , Liu Bo‐Hong , Yang Rei‐Cheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccumulation of oxidative proteins within mitochondria leads to loss of mitochondrial function, which may lead to age‐related degenerative diseases. Mitochondrial antioxidant defense capacity reflects the expression of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR)‐related proteins. Senescent cells are considered to be less resistant to cellular stress stimuli than exponentially growing cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ability of mitochondrial stress response in senescent cells to cope with the accumulation of mitochondrial unfolded proteins induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to understand the relevant molecular mechanisms. We report here that senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) and senescence marker protein‐30 (SMP‐30), commonly used replicative senescence biomarkers, changed remarkably between population doubling (PD) 25 (exponentially growing cells) and PD50 (senescent cells) of MRC‐5 fibroblasts. Mitochondrial unfolded proteins were significantly accumulated in H2O2‐treated senescent cells, whereas mtUPR‐related molecular chaperones (heat shock protein Hsp60 and Hsp10) and proteases (caseinolytic Clp protease) were not concomitantly elevated in senescent cells. In addition, decreased expression of stromal interacting molecule 1‐Orai1‐mediated store‐operated Ca2+ entry following an declined intracellular calcium level after 2 mM calcium treatment together with H2O2 addition, implying impairment of calcium influx in senescent MRC‐5 during H2O2‐induced injury. These findings suggest that senescent fibroblasts expressed higher vulnerability to H2O2‐induced injury involving the imbalance of calcium homeostasis and impaired mitochondrial nuclear communication. This may provide useful information for the future development of therapeutic agents to prevent the adverse effects of aging on cells and the potential for treatment of proteinopathies in the elderly.
Percutaneous Interstitial Nd:YAG Laser Therapy for Axillary Osmidrosis
Authors: Geng Yu‐Jia , Li Tian , Wen Lei , Gao Hai , Yuan Ju , Liu Wei‐chi , Shao Ying 
Published: November 2019

Background and ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of percutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the apocrine glands and molecules involved in odor production (apolipoprotein [ApoD], androgen receptor [AR]) in the subcutaneous tissue of a pig.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSkin on the back of healthy adult miniature pigs was exposed to pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 5 or 10 W, or continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 10 W. Samples were taken 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after treatment for histology, western blot, and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis.ResultsOne week and 1 month after irradiation, the apocrine glands in pigskin became rounded, glandular cells were shorter, and the glandular cavities were larger compared with controls, but there were no obvious changes in fat cell distribution of collagen around the apocrine glands. One month after irradiation at 10 W in continuous mode, there was a significant decrease in ApoD expression in apocrine cells and ApoD and AR protein and expression levels in pigskin compared with controls. There were also significant differences in ApoD and AR protein and expression levels between treatments.ConclusionsPercutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation has potential as a safe and efficacious treatment for axillary osmidrosis as it may decrease the production of volatile unsaturated fatty acids, steroids, and associated unpleasant odors in the axilla. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion of 15Mo3 carbon steel superheater tubes in waste incineration plants: A comparison between a field‐returned tube and laboratory tests
Authors: Krumm Ludmilla , Galetz Mathias C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, a field‐returned superheater tube of carbon steel 16Mo3 (1.5415) was analyzed in detail. In addition to cross‐section analysis, different scales were investigated layer by layer using microscopic, diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques. The corrosion products can be divided into three layers: The layer adjacent to the metallic tube surface was an iron‐ and chlorine‐rich scale, followed by an FeS layer present at the gas flow side, and the outermost layer was an iron oxide scale consisting of Fe3O4 and α‐Fe2O3. The different mechanisms responsible for the structure of such scale formation and the different corrosion products formed at the tube are discussed. Furthermore, the root cause for the disability to form a protective scale under such conditions was identified by comparison with results from laboratory tests.
Multifunctional BSA Scaffolds Prepared with a Novel Combination of UV‐Crosslinking Systems
Authors: Rusu Alina Gabriela , Chiriac Aurica P. , Nita Loredana Elena , Mititelu‐Tartau Liliana , Tudorachi Nita , Ghilan Alina , Rusu Daniela 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study presents the hydrogelation of bovine serum albumin by using a natural‐derived photo‐initiator system based on riboflavin and l‐arginine that ensures the preparation of biocompatible hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the synthesis conditions do not induce protein denaturation and confirms the potential UV‐crosslinking mechanism for albumin hydrogels realization. Thermal and morphological characterization indicates the formation of thermodynamically stable hydrogels with interconnected inner structure which presents a riboflavin concentration‐dependent porosity. The evolution of the hydrogel's decomposition products is analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and reveals a degradation pathway characterized by deamination of unreacted amino moieties and peptide NH groups, condensation, decomposition of the condensation products, and oxidation of N‐containing residues. The kinetics and pH‐responsive behavior of hydrogels are investigated by water uptake dynamics revealing a swelling mechanism which can be switched from a less Fickian to a non‐Fickian process by varying the crosslinker concentration. In vivo tests prove the high degree of biocompatibility of the new hydrogels, after oral administration in mice.