bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Leucine and Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) in Different Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gao Xiaoqian , Hou Ruiqin , Li Xin , Luo Hui-Huan , Fang Zhong-Ze 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate how leucine are associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes(T2D) patients and the gender difference of this association. Methods: We retrieved 1,032 consecutive patients with T2D from the same tertiary care center and extracted clinical information from electronic medical record. Plasma leucine was measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was conducted to examine potential non-linear relationship between leucine with DN and stratified leucine into categories. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI). Additive interaction was used to estimate the interaction effect between leucine and gender for DN. Results: The results showed a negative linear correlation between leucine and DN. After stratifying all patients by gender, this relationship only remained significant in women (OR:0.57, CI:0.41-0.79), and the relationship was still significant in additive interaction analysis. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetes patients with high levels of leucine have a lower risk of developing diabetic nephropathy only in female.
Individual behaviours and COVID-19 lockdown exit strategy: a mid-term multidimensional bio-economic modelling approach
Authors: Ferchiou Ahmed , Bornet Remy , Lhermie Guillaume , Raboisson Didier 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As of mid-2020, eradicating COVID-19 seems not to be an option, at least in the short term. The challenge for policy makers consists of implementing a suitable approach to contain the outbreak and limit extra deaths without exhausting healthcare forces while mitigating the impact on the country's economy and on individuals’ well-being. To better describe the trade-off between the economic, societal and public health dimensions, we developed an integrated bioeconomic optimization approach. We built a discrete age-structured model considering three main populations (youth, adults and seniors) and 8 socio-professional characteristics for the adults. Fifteen lockdown exit strategies were simulated for several options: abrupt or progressive (4 or 8 weeks) lockdown lift followed by total definitive transitory final unlocking. Three values of transmission rate (Tr) were considered to represent individuals’ barrier gesture compliance. Optimization under constraint to find the best combination of scenarios and options was performed on the minimal total cost for production losses due to contracted activities and hospitalization in the short and mid-term, with 3 criteria: mortality, person-days locked and hospital saturation. The results clearly show little difference between the scenarios based on the economic impact or the 3 criteria. This means that policy makers should focus on individuals’ behaviours (represented by the Tr value) more than on trying to optimize the lockdown strategy (defining who is unlocked and who is locked). For a given Tr, the choices of scenarios permit the management of the hospital saturation level with regard to both its intensity and its duration, which remains a key point for public health. The results highlight the need for behavioural or experimental economics to address COVID-19 issues through a better understanding of individual behaviour motivations and the identification of ways to improve biosecurity compliance.
Religion/Spirituality, Moral Injury, and Mental Health among Health Professionals in China
Authors: wang zhizhong , Zaben Faten Al , Koenig Harold.G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Moral injury (MI) is prevalent among healthcare professionals, and has been shown in those experiencing traumatic events to be associated with suicidal thoughts, depression, anxiety, and other adverse mental health outcomes. The present study examines the relationship between religion/ spiritual (R/S) and MI among physicians and nurses in mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 3,006 physicians and nurses in areas of China where the COVID-19 pandemic was causing high rates of hospitalization and death. The Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Professional (MISS-HP) was administered along with measures of clinician mental health and R/S. Hierarchical linear regression modeling was used to examine the mediating and moderating effect of MI on the relationship between R/S and mental health.Results: Importance of religion was positively correlated with MI symptoms (β=2.41, P<0.01), depressive (β=0.74, P<0.01), and anxiety symptoms (β=0.65, P<0.01) after controlling of multiple demographic variables. MI significantly mediated the relationship between R/S and both depression and anxiety. MI explained 60% (0.46/0.76) of the total association between R/S and depression and 58% (0.38/0.65) of the association with anxiety. No moderating effect was found.Conclusion: Although cross-sectional findings, these results suggest that concern over transgressing moral values during the pandemic may have been a driving factor for negative mental health symptoms among Chinese health professionals for whom religion was important. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal nature of these relationships.
A Light of Hope? Inequalities in Mental Health and The Peace Agreement in Colombia: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Leon-Giraldo Sebastian , Casas Germán , Cuervo-Sánchez Juan Sebastián , González-Uribe Catalina , Olmos Antonio , Kreif Noemi , Suhrcke Marc , Bernal Oscar , Moreno-Serra Rodrigo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study seeks to evaluate the evolution of mental health inequalities in the department of Meta after the signing of Colombia's Peace Agreement in 2016 with the FARC guerrilla group. Using a validated survey instrument composed of 20 questions (‘SRQ-20’), we measure changes in mental health inequalities from 2014, before the signing of the agreement, to 2018, after the signing of the agreement. We then decompose the changes in inequalities to establish which socioeconomic factors explain differences over time.Methods: Our study uses information from the Conflicto, Salud y Paz (CONPAS) survey conducted in the department of Meta, Colombia, in 1,309 households in 2018, with retrospective information for 2014. To measure inequalities, we calculate the concentration indices for both years. Through the Oaxaca change decomposition method, we disaggregate changes in mental health inequalities into its underlying factors. This method allows us to explain the relationship between changes in mental health inequalities and reduced inequality in several sociodemographic factors. It also identifies the extent to which these factors help explain the changes in mental health inequalities. Results: Mental health inequalities in Meta were reduced almost by half from 2014 to 2018. In 2018, the population at the lower and middle socioeconomic levels had fewer chances of experiencing mental health disorders in comparison to 2014. The reduction in mental health differences is mostly attributed to reductions in the influence of certain sociodemographic variables, such as residence in rural zones and conflict-affected territories, working in the informal sector, or experiencing internal displacement. However, even though mental health inequalities have diminished, overall mental health outcomes have worsened in these years. Conclusions: The reduction in the contribution of conflict-related variables for explaining mental health inequalities could mean that the negative consequences of conflict on mental health have started to diminish in the short run after the peace agreement. Nevertheless, conflict and the presence of other socioeconomic inequalities still contribute to persistent adverse mental health outcomes in the overall population. Thus, public policy should be oriented towards improving mental health care services in these territories, given the post-accord context.
Bacteria Responsible for Nitrate-dependent Antimonite Oxidation in Antimony-contaminated Paddy Soil Revealed by the Combination of DNA-SIP and Metagenomics
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Li Zhe , Häggblom Max M. , Young Lily , Li Fangbai , He Zijun , Lu Guimei , Xu Rui , Sun Xiaoxu , Qiu Lang , Sun Weimin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Antimonite (Sb(III)) oxidation (SbO) can decrease the toxicity of antimony (Sb) and its uptake into plants (e.g., rice), thus serving an ecological role in bioremediation of Sb contamination. In some anoxic environments, Sb(III) can be oxidized coupled with nitrate as the electron acceptor. Here we investigate the potential for nitrate-dependent SbO in Sb contaminated rice paddies and identify nitrate-dependent Sb(III)-oxidizing bacteria (SbOB) using stable isotope probing (SIP) coupled with amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing.Results: Anaerobic SbO was exclusively observed in the paddy soil amended with both Sb(III) and NO3-, whereas no apparent SbO was detected in the soil amended with Sb(III) only. The increasing abundance of the arsenite oxidase (aioA) gene suggests that nitrate-dependent SbO was catalysed by microorganisms harbouring the aioA gene. After 60-day DNA-SIP incubation, obvious shift in the aioA gene to heavy DNA fractions only in the treatment amended with 13C-NaHCO3, Sb(III) and NO3- suggested the incorporation of 13C by nitrate-dependent SbOB. Accordingly, DNA-SIP identified a number of putative nitrate-dependent SbOB in the paddy soil, including Azoarcus, Azospira and Chelativorans. Metagenomic analysis further revealed that they contained aioA gene and genes involved in denitrification and carbon fixation, supporting their capability for nitrate-dependent SbO.Conclusions: These observations in this study suggested the occurrence of nitrate-dependent SbO in paddy soils. A number of putative nitrate-dependent SbOB (i.e., Azoarcus, Azospira and Chelativorans) were reported here, which expands our current knowledge regarding the diversity of nitrate-dependent SbOB. In addition, this study provides a proof of concept using DNA-SIP to identify nitrate-dependent SbOB.
Modulation of Actin Network and Tau Phosphorylation by HDAC6 ZnF UBP&nbsp; Domain
Authors: Balmik Balmik Ankur , Sonawane Shweta Kishor , Chinnathambi Subashchandrabose 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein Tau undergoes aggregation in Alzheimer`s disease and a group of other related diseases collectively known as Tauopathies. In AD, Tau forms aggregates, which are deposited intracellularly as neurofibrillary tangles. HDAC6 plays an important role in aggresome formation where it recruits polyubiquitinated aggregates to the motor protein dynein. Here, we have studied the effect of HDAC6 ZnF UBP on Tau phosphorylation, ApoE localization, GSK-3β regulation and cytoskeletal organization in neuronal cells by immunocytochemistry. Immunocytochemistry reveals that HDAC6 ZnF UBP can modulate Tau phosphorylation and actin cytoskeleton organization when the cells are exposed to the domain. HDAC6 ZnF UBP treatment to cells does not affect their viability and resulted in enhanced neurite extension and formation of structures similar to podosomes, lamellipodia and podonuts suggesting its role in actin re-organization. Also, HDAC6 treatment showed increased nuclear localization of ApoE and tubulin localization in microtubule organizing centre (MTOC). Our studies suggest the regulatory role of this domain in different aspects of neurodegenerative diseases.
Rare Multiple Organ Failure Caused by Tumor Lysis and Subsequent Fatal Sepsis After Novel Salvaged Chemotherapy of Rituximab in a Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Guan Xiaojun , He Fangkai , Wang Yang , Wang Jiajia , Su Nan , Liu Chao , Zhu Yehan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) ranges from mild asymptomatic electrolyte derangement to severe organ dysfunction, is rarely associated with diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Standard chemotherapy of DLBCL is usually for clinical stable patients, however, it is still unclear for those in critical care situation with organ dysfunction. Case presentation: Here, we presented a rare case of aggressive bcl-2 and -myc double-positive DLBCL patient, 59-year-old, male, who rapidly progressed to severe multiple organ failure because of spontaneous TLS, and especially hepatic failure is very uncommon. Although the comprehensive treatments inclusive of early glucocorticoid usage, a stent implantation in superior vena cava, pleural and pericardial puncture drainage, anti-shock, non-invasive ventilator support, continuous renal replacement treatment (CRRT), plasma exchange and antibiotics alleviated or inverted the multiple organ failure, the patient was worsened to septic shock and died on the 12th day after new salvage chemotherapy regime with rituximab and cyclophosphamide under CRRT protection. Conclusions: The current case demonstrated a useful treatment framework to this kind of patient. We should cautiously give glucocorticoid to the patient suspected of lymphoma with high tumor burden. The comprehensive treatments for organ function supporting, especially CRRT, play a crucial role in the recovery of multiple organ failure. In addition, the optimal time and regimen choosing of rescue chemotherapy in severe DLBCL patients still remains a long way to define.
Stochastic analysis using public data for forecasting of epidemic spreading of the novel coronavirus disease
Authors: Lima Leonardo dos Santos 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We propose a stochastic model for epidemic spreading of the novel coronavirus based in data supported by the Brazilian health agencies. Furthermore, we performed an analysis using the Fokker-Planck equation estimating the novel cases in the day t as the mean half-width of the distribution of novel cases P(N,t). Our results display that the model based in the Itô diffusion adjusts well to the results supplied by health Brazilian agencies due to large uncertain in the official data and to the low number of tests realized in the population.
A dose-dependent association of total cholesterol with all-cause and specific mortality: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: He Guo-dong , Liu Xiao-cong , Liu Lin , Yu Yu-ling , Chen Chao-lei , Huang Jia-yi , Lo Kenneth , Huang Yu-qing , Feng Ying-qing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The link between total cholesterol (TC) and all-cause and specific mortality has not been elucidated. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effect of TC levels on all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality.Methods: All data analyzed were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2014. The relationship between levels of TC and mortality was determined through Cox proportional hazard regression analysis coupled with multivariable adjustments. Two-piecewise linear regression model and Cox models with penalized splines were applied to explore non-linear and irregular shape relationships. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and subgroup analyses were conducted.Results: The sample studied comprised 17853 men and 18922 women, categorized as 27927 adults aged 18–65 years and 8848 adults more than 65 years old. A total of 4441 deaths were recorded. All-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality showed U-curve associations with nadir at 213 mg/dL, 200 mg/dL, and 218mg/dL after adjusting for confounding variables in the restricted cubic spline analysis. HRs of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality was particularly negatively related to TC levels in the lower range <200 mg/dL, especially in the range <120 mg/dL (HR 1.95; 95% CI 1.59, 2.38, HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.16, 2.72, HR 2.18; 95% CI 1.46, 3.25, respectively). The lowest cumulative survival rate was recorded in the lowest TC level group.Conclusions: A U-curve association of TC level with all-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality in the American population was observed, suggesting that too low or too high serum total cholesterol levels might correlate with adverse outcomes.
Vascular and cerebral benefits of Tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis
Authors: Totoson Perle , Quirié Aurore , Pedard Martin , Cefis Marina , Pringent-Tessier Anne , Prati Clément , Tournier Maude , Marie Christine , Demougeot Celine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To determine vascular and cerebral effects of Tofacitinib in the adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model in rat.Methods: At the first signs of arthritis (day 10-12 post-immunization), Tofacitinib (10 mg/kg s.c., twice daily) or vehicle were administered for 3 weeks in AIA rats. A group of non AIA served as controls. Body weights and arthritis scores were daily monitored. Anhedonia was explored with the saccharin preference test at day 4 (preclinical), day 11 (early) and day 28 (acute arthritis) post-immunization. At the end of the treatment, aorta, brain and blood were collected for analysis of endothelial function using acetylcholine (Ach)-induced relaxation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels in the hippocampus (Hip) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and IL-1β, TNFα, IL-17A plasma levels. Radiographic score of paws was also assessed. Results: As compared to vehicle, Tofacitinib reduced body weight loss, arthritis and radiographic scores (p<0.001) but did not change plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Tofacitinib fully prevented AIA-associated reduction in Ach-induced relaxation. As compared to controls, vehicle-treated AIA exhibited low BDNF levels in PFC (p<0.001) and anhedonia at all times examined (p<0.05). Tofacinib did not improve anhedonia, but resulted in elevation of BDNF levels both in PFC (p<0.05) and Hip (p<0.001). A positive correlation was observed between brain BDNF levels and endothelial function (p<0.05).Conclusion: Restoration of normal endothelial function and elevation of brain BDNF levels by Tofacitinib in AIA rats support a positive effect of this new antirheumatic drug on cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric comorbidities of rheumatoid arthritis.
The impact of COVID-19 on complementary and alternative medicine providers: a cross-sectional survey in Norway&nbsp;
Authors: Stub Trine , C.Jong Miek , Kristoffersen Agnete E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The Norwegian authorities decided on a nationwide lockdown to prevent spread of the COVID-19 virus. The lockdown had huge socioeconomic consequences for the society. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) providers in Norway.Method: This cross-sectional survey analyzed data from a self-administrated questionnaire. A total of 581 CAM providers completed the questionnaire, which was designed to describe consequences for CAM providers and their clinical practice after the nationwide lockdown. Between group differences were analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA and Fisher’s exact test. Significance level was defined as p < 0.05 without adjustment for multiple comparisons.Result: During the nationwide lockdown of Norway, 38.4% of respondents were able to provide CAM treatment to their patients. Of those, the majority (96.4%) had reorganized their clinical practice in accordance with COVID-19 hygiene regulations, offered video consultations (57.4%) or telephone consultations (46.6%). To manage financially during the lockdown, half of the providers spent their savings (48.7%). More than one third (35.1%) was supported by their partner, and 26.7% received compensation from the Norwegian state. A total of 26.3% of the CAM providers had other paid work that provided them with income. Nearly a quarter (18.6%) borrowed money from friends and family, changed their loan terms, or took out new bank loans. The majority (62.7%) expressed uncertainty about the future of their practice. CAM providers who had reorganized their practice to online consultations were more optimistic. Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 on CAM providers was considerable. It adversely affected their clinical practice, financial situation, and view on their future practice. To ensure that the health needs of the Norwegian population regarding CAM use are met during pandemic times like COVID-19, it is recommended to support and train CAM providers in the development of online CAM services, as well as efficient implementation of infection prevention and control measures.
Stochastic Modelling and Simulation of SIR Model for COVID-2019 Epidemic Outbreak in India
Authors: P Umamaheswari 
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan city, China, at the end of December 2019. As of July 26, 2020, 16258353 COVID-19 cases were confirmed worldwide, including 649848 deaths. The spread of COVID-19 is currently very high. Under the classical SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) model, epidemiological data for India up to 26th July 2020 were used to forecast the COVID-19 outbreak. For controlling the spreading of the virus, we have to prepare for precaution and futuristic calculation for infection spreading. We used the data from the COVID-2019 Outbreak of India on July 26th, 2020 in this report. In these results, for the initial level of experimental intent, we used 16291331 susceptible cases, 481248 infectious cases, and 910298 rewards / removed cases. Through the aid of the SIR model, data on a wide range of infectious diseases have been analyzed. SIR model is one of the most effective models which can predict the spreading rate of the virus. We have validated the model with the current spreading rate with this SIR model. The findings of the SIR model can be used to forecast transmission and avoid the outbreak of COVID-2019 in India. The results of the study will shed light on understanding the outbreak patterns and indicate those regions' epidemiological points. Finally, from this study, we have found that the outbreak of the COVID-2019 epidemic in India will be at its peak on 09 August 2020 and after that, it will work slowly and on the verge of ending in the second or third week of November 2020.
Molecular Mechanism of Coronaviruses (COVID-19) and Diagnostic Approaches
Authors: Jeena Lalit Mohan , Singh Nidhi , Tempe Anjali 
Published: September 2020

An acute respiratory disease is rampantly spreading in population worldwide caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19). The COVID-19 is a major source of disaster in the 21thcentury. It has spread throughout China and is received as a pandemic worldwide. To date (18th May 2020), a total of 4,827,272patients are infected and more than 3,17,174confirmed deaths have been reported with 6.57% fatality rate. Several research investigations have identified that COVID-19 belongs to ?-coronavirus family and has a highly identical genomic structure to bat coronavirus. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, ACE-2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. As per WHO, symptoms include shortness of breath especially in the lower respiratory tract, sore, throat, cough, headaches, and fever. However, the specific drugs required to prevent/treat an attack is a major need at this current point of time. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review on coronavirus to cover the molecular mechanism of viral entry and replication, which provides the basis of future management of COVID-19.