bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of some abiotic factors and their influence on the yield and quality of four cherry cultivars
Authors: Vasilev Dimitar , Kaschieva Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study was performed at the Experimental Station of Agriculture - Khan Krum in the period 2018-2019. The experimental plantation was established in 2001, the early Bigareau Burlat, middle early Bing and the late Germersdorfer and Van were tested. The planting material was produced on a mahaleb rootstock. The distance of planting was 6 meters interrow spacing and 5 meters intrarow spacing. The experiment was based on three replications each of them reported on a separate tree. When analyzing the frost percentage of flowers, 400 blossoms were taken from three levels of the crown of each tree, the same number of fruits were taken to determine the cracking percentage. Percentage of damaged blossoms, yield kg/ha and percentage of fruit cracking as a result of fallen rains during harvest were established. The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of abiotic factors on the yield and quality of four sweet cherry cultivars. In this regard, the frost percentage in the range of values was 67,3 - 100%. Bigareau Burlat yield was not obtained, and it was relatively low from Germersdorf and Bing (20,1 - 24,6 kg/ha) at Van 84,6 kg/ha. The number of cracked fruits due to fallen rains during harvest was relatively high in Van and Bing (39,8 - 47,4%), while in the Germersdorf cultivar it was lower - 21,2%.
Novel Interpretation of Information Operations in Today’s Changed Operational Environment
Authors: Haig Zsolt 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study presents a novel interpretation of information operations due to changes of military operations and operational environment. It analyses the concepts of information operations of NATO and the great powers. Based on these, it creates a comprehensive definition of information operations and categorizes their capabilities. The paper presents the interaction between the technical and cognitive capabilities of information operations and the role and weight of these capabilities in traditional military operations and during the 4th generation military operations in a civilian environment.
Study Regarding Changes in Decision-Making Process During the Crisis Period
Authors: Ranf Diana , Gorski Hortensia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Why the decision? Because we have to make decisions every day, more important or less important decisions that lead our lives in a certain direction, in both cases being necessary to choose between several courses of action. The decision is part of our lives and making the optimal decision is important, whether it comes from managers or from regular individuals. An organizational environment characterized by insecurity, frequent and sudden changes has a negative impact on the management of an organization. Under these circumstances, the reaction to these changes, instabilities materialize in quick, correct decisions that induce organizational stability. The main objective of the article is to analyze the decision-making process within the organizations that constitute the private environment in Sibiu. The question that the article wants to answer is: the expertise (knowledge, theories, methods) of managers in decision making sufficient or does this new context require an adaptation, reorganization of the decision-making process? The article contains a qualitative interview-based investigation, which is the premise of a comprehensive research based on a questionnaire to provide solutions to the problems identified.
Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review
Authors: Sneha V. , Nagarajan M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been a source of attraction for many researchers as well as common people for the past few years. The use of WSN in various environmental applications like monitoring of weather, temperature, humidity, military surveillance etc. is not limited. WSN is built on hundreds to thousands of nodes where each node is a sensor whose main role is to sense data. These nodes are restricted to various constraints like power, energy, efficiency and deployment. The location of deployment influences the efficiency of data transmission. In this paper we briefly discuss on localization process in WSN and the classification of localization methodologies, namely centralized localization and distributed localization. The various techniques like ToA, TDoA, AoA and RSSI that are used to estimate the distance among the nodes are studied in detail. The localization issues categorized under proximity-based, range-based and range-free localization are discussed in detail. This paper also focuses on how the nodes with GPS can contribute to the localization process. The merits and demerits of using GPS have also been looked into. The various approaches of range-based techniques like Bounding box, SumDistMinMax, geometric methods, general techniques have been discussed briefly. We will also discuss on how the factors like path loss, noise, propagation, device measurements, connectivity, power control and tracking can influence the measurements in localization. In the tracking process we have briefly discussed about the variants of Kalman filter that can be used in detecting the direct path, strongest path and undirected path. This paper as a whole is just a brush up of the localization methodologies used in wireless sensor networks. This paper may give idea to the researchers to develop efficient algorithms to localize nodes with accuracy adapting to different techniques with respect to the environment and applications to be designed.
A Novel Alternative Algorithm for Solving Integer Linear Programming Problems Having Three Variables
Authors: Alan Kadriye Simsek 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, a novel alternative method based on parameterization for solving Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problems having three variables is developed. This method, which is better than the cutting plane and branch boundary method, can be applied to pure integer linear programming problems with m linear inequality constraints, a linear objective function with three variables. Both easy to understand and to apply, the method provides an effective tool for solving three variable integer linear programming problems. The method proposed here is not only easy to understand and apply, it is also highly reliable, and there are no computational difficulties faced by other methods used to solve the three-variable pure integer linear programming problem. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the ease, effectiveness and reliability of the proposed algorithm.
On the Usability of Object-Oriented Design Patterns for a Better Software Quality
Authors: Bontchev Boyan , Milanova Emanuela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Software design patterns incarnate expert knowledge distilled from the practical experience in object-oriented design, in a compact and reusable form. The article presents a quantitative study of the usability of the object-oriented software design patterns (known as Gang of Four patterns) applied for improving the testability, maintainability, extendibility, readability, reliability, and performance efficiency of software applications. We received 82 usable responses from software professionals in Bulgaria, with 65 of them addressing both the usability and recognition of each one of the Gang of Four patterns, together with their impact on important software quality characteristics. As well, we studied the approach of each software developer in choosing a particular design pattern to use in order to solve a problem. We found statistically significant differences between the most recognized and most useful patterns and between the most unrecognized and most useless patterns, split into creational, structural, and behavioral groups.
Genetic Characteristics of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1848) Broodstocks from Hatcheries in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Stroil Belma Kalamujić , Stanić Mia , Kalajdžić Abdurahim , Pojskić Naris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The most commonly farmed fish species in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s aquaculture are from the family Salmonidae, including brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis which is reared both for consumption and stocking purposes. A number of farmers complained about the elevated frequency of anatomical deformities in the smolts and fingerlings of brook trout, decreasing their fitness rate and causing significant financial loss. Since it has been shown that occurrence of deformities is correlated with the low genetic diversity and high inbreeding, this study aimed to assess intra- and interpopulation diversity of Salvelinus fontinalis from different freshwater fish farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina by observing variation in mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Total of 109 samples of brook trout from three hatcheries located at the Neretva River were analyzed for the mitochondrial control region and seven nuclear microsatellite loci. Both PCR-RFLP and sequencing revealed only one haplotype of the control region in all investigated trout. Overall, a low number of genotypes was evident across all the observed loci. Values of genetic diversity and polymorphic information content followed the increase in the number of alleles per locus. In general, values of inbreeding coefficient were generally very high, while the genetic diversity and observed heterozygosity had low rates. The results of our study are congruent with the findings of previous studies in which developmental deformities were concomitant with the low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression. It is, therefore, strongly advised to regularly supplement the broodstock with new, unrelated individuals, as it is of vital importance for sustaining a satisfying level of genetic diversity and preventing inbreeding depression. Additionally, maintaining good management practices regarding the fluctuation of water temperature, exposure to pollution, nutrition, etc., will further contribute to the prevention of this detrimental condition.
Descriptive Rules and Normativity
Authors: Placani Adriana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This work offers a challenge to the orthodox view that descriptive rules are non-normative and passive in their role and usage. It does so by arguing that, although lacking in normativity themselves, descriptive rules can be sources of normativity by way of the normative attitudes that can develop around them. That is, although descriptive rules typically depict how things are, they can also play a role in how things ought to be. In this way, the limited role that this type of rule can play as either a basis for the development of normative reasons, or as explanatory reasons for action is identified and clarified. One desirable outcome of the analysis is a more complete view of what descriptive rules are and how they are utilized by agents.
The abyss, or the insufficiency of ethical nihilism for Nietzsche’s Übermensch
Authors: Kahambing Jan Gresil 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I critique the prevalent notion that only in the abyss can one emerge to be the Übermensch, or to use Hollingdale’s term, the Superman. To support this, I will first expound on the notion of the abyss as ethical nihilism from the perspective of the death of God to Nietzsche’s critique of morality. I argue that ethical nihilism as an abyss is insufficient in constituting Nietzsche’s Superman. I will then set how the Superman emerges through counter-stages. The paradox is that such tragic an abyss that serves as conditio sine qua non for the Superman falls flat when looked at in the perspective of life. There underlies a fundamental difficulty in simply accepting the proposals of acknowledging the abyss or ‘becoming what one is.’ Later, Nietzsche’s anti-romanticism and anti-Darwinism are explored to support such difficulty.
Swelling potential of volcanic residual soils in Sumatra (Indonesia) in relation to environmental issues
Authors: Iqbal Prahara , Muslim Dicky , Zakaria Zufialdi , Permana Haryadi , Satriyo Nugroho A. , Syahbana Arifan J. , Yunarto  , Khoirullah Nur , Asykarullah Abdul W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Swelling potential characterization of clay-silt soil is an essential issue in stabilization, settlement, consolidation, and land suitability studies. This article attempts to explain the swelling characteristics of soils around the area of West Lampung, Lampung Province, Sumatra, Indonesia, in relation to environmental issues. An investigation in relation to the soil swelling potential was carried out using 15 disturbed soil samples collectd in the study area. The methods used were analyses of clay mineral geochemistry, physical characteristics, and the free swell ratio. These results showed that the soil in the study area was Quaternary tropical volcanic residual soil. These soils were formed in a proximal volcanic hydrothermal alteration environment. The soils of the study area have characteristics of high plasticity, a reddish-brown colour, and are clayey silt grained (MH) (USCS). The soils had loose physical characteristics in dry conditions; however, these soils tends to be plastic and sticky in wet conditions. Evidence of groove erosion was found at the soil surface. Based on XRD analysis, kaolinite, halloysite, and montmorillonite were types of clay minerals found in the soil. The soil had a clay content of 11.05–78.9%, a liquid limit value > 50%, a plasticity index value of 16.7–36.9%, a shrinkage value of 14.24–36.89%, a soil activity of 0.38–2.47; and an FSR value of 0.69–0.95. These characteristics have implications for swelling soil potential. The results showed that the soils in the study area had medium to very high swelling potential. These results suggest a risk of erosion in the area, which could cause soil degradation and a change in water quality. These soils are likely to affect land productivity and aquifer replenishment and will cause negative environmental and economic impacts. Thus, soil improvement techniques are needed. It is important to maintaining vegetative cover these soils and revegetation may be required.
Vector AR3-APP – A Good-Practice Example of Learning with Augmented Reality
Authors: Langer Karin , Lietze Stefanie , Krizek Gerd Ch. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
After a discussion about the possibilities and status of augmented reality in education, a good practice example of an augmented reality application is presented. This case study examines the use of an augmented reality app in higher education to support abstract STEM content, such as vectors. Based on this example, the implementation of such apps in didactic concepts and self-directed learning will be discussed. Furthermore, aspects of integration into digital learning and teaching will be addressed.
Types, Styles, and Spaces of Possibility : Phenomenology and Musical Improvisation
Authors: Atkinson Mitchell 
Published: December 2020

Summary
I outline an approach to the phenomenology of improvised music which takes typification and the development of multi‐ordered phenomenological structures as central. My approach here is firmly in line with classical Husserlian phenomenology, taking the discussion of types in Experience and Judgment (Husserl, 1973) and Brudzińska (2015) as guide. I provide a phenomenological analysis of musical types as they are found in improvisational contexts, focusing on jazz in the 20th century. Styles are higher‐order musical types. Musical types are structures that are temporally “thick,” relying on sedimented typification and knowledge, driving expectations as definitional. In most forms of music (including improvised music), musical styles involve maintaining a balance between confirming expectations and flouting expectations. I show that improvised music has a phenomenal structure which is enriched by the communicative and “ real‐time” nature of improvised music. Improvised music can be seen as an exploration of a possibility space rendered by the juxtaposition of the musical types afforded by a performance environment (instrumentation, harmonic and melodic traditions, etc.). I show that improvisation in music is a multi‐vectoral form of communication. The communication is founded in what Dieter Lohmar calls “non‐linguistic thinking.” The expression is constituted in the results of active and synthesis. The culmination of improvisational exploration of possibility spaces is the precisification and enrichment of styles‐as‐types, while in some cases developing new styles in the process.
Properties of Honey and Pollen Samples Obtained from Different Rhododendron Species Collected from Black Sea Region of Turkey
Authors: Alkan Sezai , Akgün Mert , Ertürk Ömer , Ayvaz Melek Çol , Başkan Ceren 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Physicochemical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial capabilities of Rhododendron honey and pollen produced in Turkey were determined. Monofloral honey samples from three different Rhododendron species (R. ponticum L., R. luteum L., and R. caucasicum L.) were collected from the mountains of the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The experimental results revealed that each crude extract of honey and pollen exhibited significant antibacterial and antifungal capacity in the bacteria and fungus. The pollen samples and SEM images have been analysed and recorded. The total phenolic contents and antioxidative activities of the samples were investigated based on DPPH free radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidative power potentials, and higher phenolic content and antioxidant activities were observed for pollen samples with respect to honey. Furthermore, the potential to inhibit Acetyl- and Butrylcholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. The potential to inhibit DNA damage were also studied, and R. ponticum honey was observed to influence most positively damaged DNA.
Existence result for a nonlinear elliptic problem by topological degree in Sobolev spaces with variable exponent
Authors: Ait Hammou Mustapha , Azroul Elhoussine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish the existence of solutions for a nonlinear elliptic problem of the form

{

A

(
u
)

=
f

i
n

Ω

u
=
0

o
n

∂
Ω

\left\{ {\matrix{{A\left( u \right) = f} \hfill & {in} \hfill & \Omega \hfill \cr {u = 0} \hfill & {on} \hfill & {\partial \Omega } \hfill \cr } } \right.

where A(u) = −diva(x, u, ∇u) is a Leray-Lions operator and f ∈ W−1,p′
(.)(Ω) with p(x) ∈ (1, ∞). Our technical approach is based on topological degree method and the theory of variable exponent Sobolev spaces.
Top Officials’ Careers and the Relationship Between Politics and Administration
Authors: Bach Tobias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This essay elaborates how the analysis of administrative careers – both as dependent and independent variables – can be leveraged to gain a more systematic understanding of the relationship between politics and administration. It highlights how the analysis of administrative careers can provide answers to pertinent questions about the relationship between politics and administration, including civil service politicization, politicians’ motivations in patronage decisions, the interplay of organizational characteristics and top officials’ careers, and performance effects of administrative careers. It also includes suggestions on how to move forward in terms of research methods and how the systematic analysis of administrative careers can strengthen the comparative analysis of the relationship between politics and administration.
The Impact of Supply Chain Dynamic Capabilities on Operational Performance
Authors: Kareem Mohanad Ali , Kummitha Harsha Vardhan Reddy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background and purpose: Literature is lacking on how supply chain dynamic capabilities influence operational performance. This study aims to empirically investigate the impact of supply chain dynamic capabilities on operational performance in Hungarian manufacturing companies.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used an online survey for data collection. The model is tested with data from 208 supply chain management professionals from Hungarian manufacturing industry. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the proposed hypotheses.

Results: The empirical results indicate that supply chain dynamic capabilities namely; collaboration capability, agility capability, and responsiveness capability are significantly and positively associated with operational performance. However, the results show that integration capability has no significant impact on operational performance

Conclusion: The study concludes that in a dynamic environment, developing supply chain dynamic capabilities can help manufacturing company managers to build effective supply chains and achieve superior performance. Further, managers need to recognize that supply chain dynamic capabilities are multidimensional and each dimension has different effects on operational performance. Also, the study provides theoretical and managerial implications that are further ‎discussed in detail.
Analysis of landscape structure, habitat selection and urbanisation in edge populations of Scops Owls Otus scops in Central Europe×
Authors: Klein Ákos , Szentirmai István , Dobos Zsófia , Laczi Miklós 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The habitat selection of Scops Owl Otus scops has not been studied in Hungary so far. The population in the Carpathian Basin can be considered as a range edge population. Yet, studying and conserving breeding population at the edge of the species’ range is important for the evolutionary potential of the species. In the present study, we examined Scops Owl populations situated on both sides of the Hungarian-Slovenian border. Although breeding density is significantly higher in Slovenia than in Hungary, we found no difference in the ecological diversity of the Goričko Nature Park (GNP), Slovenia and Vas County, Hungary. We found that both the proportion and total edge length of dry grasslands and intensively managed mesic grasslands were lower in Hungary. Similarly, market gardens were present in a larger proportion in GNP. These landscape features all indicate that the complex cultivation is still pronounced in GNP, favouring the Sops Owl as less intensive cultivation modes, like rural market gardens and grasslands play a key role in its habitat selection. Points with Scops Owl observations appeared to be closer to settlements than randomly generated points. They also were observed farther from primary roads than from secondary roads. This is in accordance with other studies revealing that these nocturnal birds avoid noisy roads. We briefly discuss why conserving range edge populations is important, and how time and effort optimised species conservation measures should accompany landscape protection at the political level.