bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic function of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in gynecologic cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Chong , Dai Youjin , Wang Yiquan , Miao Miao , Rui Can , Wang Xinyan , Liu Yu , Luan Ting , Li Ping , Zeng Xin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Although along with the diagnosis and treatment level enhanced, current situation of the gynecologic malignancies improved, the risk of gynecologic tumor remains high. Nowadays, inflammatory markers increasingly employed as a tumor predictive factor. Herein, we focused on the association between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and gynecological cancers, including cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer.
Methods: In this meta-analysis, we searched systematically on the EMBASE and PubMed databases from June 1, 1989 to May 31, 2019. After excluded some unqualified articles, we calculated the pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) mainly to detect the relationship between PLR and prognostic survival, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Random-effect model was adopted when I 2 >50% after Higgins I 2 test. Subgroup analysis and funnel plot were used to seek for the possible source of heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Results: After a series of searching and selection, twenty-eight literatures containing 8290 participants totally. Among those recruited trials, 26 studies comprising 8109 patients reported HR for OS and 15 researches enrolled 4283 patients for PFS. Overall, a high value of PLR means a worse OS and PFS in women with gynecologic cancer except those with endometrial cancer for OS (pooled HR =1.35, 95% CI =0.73 to 2.53, P =0.33). Subgroup analyses indicated that the source of heterogeneity may be primarily from the sample size, PLR cut-off, study location, published year, and the cut-off year for the study. Publication bias manifested that bias was not evident.
Conclusion: Elevated pretreatment PLR portends a poor prognosis among patients with gynecological tumor, as well as in women with cervical and ovarian malignancies for both OS and PFS. However, in patients with endometrial cancer, this connection is broken for OS but still available for PFS.
Anticipated HIV Stigma Among HIV Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Chuncheng , Zhang Ye , Pan Stepen W , Cao Bolin , Ong Jason J , Fu Hongyun , Wu Dan , Fu Rong , Wei Chongyi , Tucker Joseph D , Tang Weiming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Anticipated HIV stigma, i.e., the expectation of adverse experiences from one’s seroconversion, is associated with both negative psychological and behavioral outcomes. We know little about anticipated HIV stigma’s relationship with emerging technologies, such as HIV self-testing (HIVST) and online sex-seeking platforms, that have become popular among populations that are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This study examined correlates of anticipated HIV stigma among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: In July 2016, MSM, who were ≥ 16 years old and self-reported as HIV negative or unknown, were recruited from a gay mobile phone application in China. Information regarding socio-demographics, sexual behaviors, sexual health service utilization, and anticipated HIV stigma were collected. Anticipated HIV stigma (i.e., negative attitude toward future stigmatization of HIV seroconversion by others) was measured as the mean score from a 7-item Likert-scale ranging from 1 (low) to 4 (high). Generalized linear models were conducted to examine the factors associated with the anticipated HIV stigma scores.

Results: Overall, 2006 men completed the survey. Most men completed high school (1308/2006, 65.2%) and had an annual personal income of ≤ 9200 USD (1431/2006, 71.3%). The mean anticipated HIV stigma score for the participants was 2.98±0.64. Using social media to seek sexual partners was associated with higher anticipated HIV stigma (Adjusted β=0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05 to 0.17, p=0.001). HIV self-testing (Adjusted β=–0.07, 95%CI: -0.13 to -0.01, p=0.02) and having disclosed one’s sexual orientation to a healthcare provider (Adjusted β=-0.16, 95%CI: -0.22 to -0.96, p<0.001) were associated with lower anticipated HIV stigma.

Conclusion: Our data suggested that anticipated HIV stigma is still common among Chinese MSM not living with HIV. Tailored anti-HIV stigma campaigns on social media are especially needed, and the promotion of HIVST may be a promising approach.
Fat Content in Preschoolers’ Diet
Authors: Petrova Svetlana , Yeshchenko Anastasia , Mineeva Elena 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. It is healthy and balanced nutrition that determines human health from childhood, thus forming able-bodied, reproductive, intellectual, and vital potential of the country. Therefore, children’s diet should take into consideration the physiological needs of the growing organism for energy, macro and microelements, minor and biologically active substances. The research featured the diet of preschoolers. The paper describes an attempt to optimize the energy, nutritional value, and balance according to the physiological norms.
Study objects and methods. The research involved preschoolers aged 3–7 from a local nursery boarding school (Ivanovo, Russia). Based on the analysis of the menu, the authors assessed its diet compliance with the daily physiological nutrition norms. The fat content of the daily ration was assessed, first, according to the absolute deviation from physiologically complete dietary fat. The index has a zero value for fat proper. The second index was the ratio of polyunsaturated linoleic and α-linolenic fatty acids, which should be 5–10:1.
Results and discussion. The daily caloric intake exceeded the norm by 6 %. The diet lacked dietary fiber and was too rich in fat. As for the qualitative composition of the fat content, the children’s diet showed a significant deficit of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The authors proposed to partially replace sunflower oil with flaxseed, substitute the fatty filling in the waffles with fruit filling, slightly reduce the proportion of butter, and add encapsulated fish oil.
Conclusion. Аs a result of the optimization, the fat content in the diet decreased by 12%; the ratio of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-6 and ω-3 was 7.8:1, which corresponds to the standard parameters.
Evaluation of Fish Raw Materials as a Way to Increase the Information Content of its Characteristics
Authors: Safronova Tamara , Panchishina Ekaterina , Kraschenko Victoria , Karpenko Yuliya 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The research features a detailed sensory evaluation of mass fishing objects belonging to different families, namely: the Macrouridae represented by the giant grenadier (Albatrossia pectoralis), the Herrings represented by the Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), and the Salmons represented by the Keta salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). The research objective was to study the possibility of increasing the information content of the verbal description of fish raw materials in combination with a quantitative assessment of individual sensory indicators.
Research objects and methods. The paper introduces the concept of detailed verbal description of group parameters of raw and heattreated muscle tissue. The description can increase the information capacity of sensory studies. The concept of extended description of fish raw material was added to the main sensory properties that describe color, smell, taste, and consistency. They include data on the properties of local areas with subcutaneous layer, dark muscles, fat layers, etc. Such a detailed verbal description gives an in-depth view of the sensory properties, which is part of general information on the functional and technological properties of the fish and a key factor in designing new developed products. To improve the objectivity of sensory research, the authors employed the method of quantitative evaluation.
Results and discussion. The results were summed up as data on the significance coefficients established by experts, ranked, and expressed as a percentage. The significance coefficient is a method of quantitative regulation of the share of each sensory indicator in the general sensory evaluation. The research showed that the greater the number of group sensory indicators that characterize the object, the smaller and more similar their coefficients of significance, which dramatically reduces application opportunities. Therefore, significance coefficient proved a convenient means of measurement and visual presentation. However, the research was limited by the experimental conditions.
Conclusion. The study of the fish raw materials established, identified, and described individual sensory indicators that involved about twenty lexical units for raw material and thirty units for heat-treated muscle tissue. The individual sensory indicators characterized color, smell, and taste. They differed in the presence of several degrees of gradation and fit into a vertical three-level (sometimes two-level) classification. Group touch indicator of the consistency describes mostly single-level unit indicators with 4–6 lexical units. As a result, the detailed description of sensory properties of fish raw materials included 2–3 times more lexical units compared to the traditional description of fish raw materials in the special reference literature.
Synthesis, SAR, In silico Appraisal and Anti-Microbial Study of Substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles Derivatives
Authors: Anuse Devidas G. , Mali Suraj N. , Thorat Bapu R. , Yamgar Ramesh S. , Chaudhari Hemchandra K. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health problem, which is being
rapidly deteriorating the quality of human health. Series of substituted N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-
(4-(6-fluorobenzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl) piperidin-1-yl)acetamide (3a-j) were synthesized from substituted
N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-chloroacetamide/bromopropanamide (2a-j) and 6-fluoro-3-
(piperidin-4-yl)benzo[d]isoxazole (2) and further evaluated for their docking properties and antimicrobial
activity.

Methods:
All the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and Mass spectral
analysis. All compounds were allowed to dock against different antimicrobial targets having PDB
ID: 1D7U and against common antifungal target having PDB ID: 1EA1.

Results:
The compounds 3d and 3h showed good activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA, resistance Gram-positive bacteria). All synthesized compounds showed
good to moderate activity against selected bacterial and fungal microbial strains. If we compared
the actual in-vitro antimicrobial activity and in silico molecular docking study, we found that molecules
3i and 3h were more potent than the others.

Conclusion:
Our current study would definitely pave the new way of designing and synthesis of
more potent 2-aminobenzothiazoles derivatives.
Carvacrol Induced Program Cell Death and Cell Cycle Arrest in Androgen-Independent Human Prostate Cancer Cells via Inhibition of Notch Signaling
Authors: Khan Fahad , Singh Vipendra K. , Saeed Mohd , Kausar Mohd A. , Ansari Irfan A. 
Published: December 2019

Background:Several studies have revealed that abnormal activation of Notch signaling is closely related with the development and progression of prostate cancer. Although there are numerous therapeutic strategies, a more effective modality with least side effects is urgently required for the treatment of prostate cancer. Carvacrol is a monoterpenoid phenol and majorly present in the essential oils of Lamiaceae family plants. Many previous reports have shown various biological activities of carvacrol like antioxidant, antiinflammatory and anticancer properties. Recently, we have shown potent anticancer property of carvacrol against prostate cancer cell line DU145. In the current study, we report the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of carvacrol against another prostate cancer cell line PC-3 with its detailed mechanism of action.Methods:To determine the effect of the carvacrol on prostate cancer cells, the cell viability was estimated by MTT assay and cell death was estimated by LDH release assay. The apoptotic assay was performed by DAPI staining and FITC-Annexin V assay. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) was estimated by DCFDA method. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative real time PCR.Results:Our results suggested that the carvacrol treatment significantly reduced the cell viability of PC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The antiproliferative action of carvacrol was correlated with apoptosis which was confirmed by nuclear condensation, FITC-Annexin V assay, modulation in expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase activation. The mechanistic insight into carvacrol-induced apoptosis leads to finding of elevated level of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential disruption. Cell cycle analysis revealed that carvacrol prevented cell cycle in G0/G1 that was associated with decline in expression of cyclin D1 and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) and augmented expression of CDK inhibitor p21. Having been said the role of hyperactivation of Notch signaling in prostate cancer, we also deciphered that carvacrol could inhibit Notch signaling in PC-3 cells via downregulation of Notch-1, and Jagged-1.Conclusion:Thus, our previous and current findings have established the strong potential of carvacrol as a chemopreventive agent against androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells.
Oral Soluble Films: Attributes of the Polymeric Material and Critical Process Parameters for Designing Good Quality Films
Authors: Sinha Suhani , Dutt Rohit 
Published: December 2019

Background::Soluble films prepared using polymeric matrices have gained prominence in drug delivery because of its multifarious merits. They are emerging as a momentous technology for designing precision medicines using printing technology, wherein the drugs, proteins/peptides and hormones in printing ink solution can be printed on placebo films targeted for specific age group dosage administration. Advances made in 3D printing technology in biomanufacturing for sophisticated tailor-made scaffolds of bone and tissue have further given impetus to digitally-controlled depositing of materials to create freeform geometries in the field of dosage form development.Objective:The patent expiry of a significant number of existing chemical entities is an encouraging factor for the possible market potential of these films as a novel drug delivery system through the oral route, topical route and ocular route. Most prominent amongst them is the oral route simply because of its substantial advantages over other pre-existing oral dosage forms.Method:Oral soluble films can be tailored for both local action in the buccal cavity as well as for systemic action to other parts of the body by direct absorption into the systemic circulation through the buccal mucosa. Depending upon the material attributes of its polymeric components, they can be targeted for buccal, sublingual, ocular or topical administration and can also be loaded inside hard gelatin capsule shells for administration into the gastrointestinal tract. Polymeric oral film technology has been exploited to address gaps in varied therapeutic segments including pain and inflammation management to provide instant relief, anti-emesis following chemotherapy, central nervous system disorders due to ease of administration to the caregivers and patient compliance, cardiovascular diseases due to faster onset of action, cancer therapy with enhanced safety and efficacy due to direct systemic absorption bypassing the first pass metabolism effect.Conclusion:This review summarizes the research works done to address gaps in varied therapeutic areas with an emphasis on critical material attributes of its polymeric components and the critical process parameters to be considered for manufacturing robust good quality medicinal films.
The Evaluation of Valsartan Biopharmaceutics Properties
Authors: de Castro Lara Maria Lopes , de Souza Jacqueline , Caldeira Tamires Guedes , de Carvalho Mapa Bruna , Soares Anna Flávia Matos , Pegorelli Bruna Gomes , Della Croce Carolina Carvalho , Barcellos Neila Márcia Silva 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Solubility, intestinal permeability and dissolution are the main factors that
govern the rate and extent of drugs absorption and are directly related to bioavailability. Biopharmaceutics
Classification System (BCS) is an important tool which uses in vitro results for comparison
with bioavailability in vivo (biowaiver). Valsartan is widely used in the treatment of hypertension
and shows different BCS classification in the literature (BCS class II or III).

Objective:
This work proposes the study of valsartan biopharmaceutics properties and its BCS classification.

Methods:
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated
to quantify the drug in buffers pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8 respectively. Valsartan solubility was determined
in these three different media using shake flask method and intrinsic dissolution rate. Evaluation of
dissolution profile from coated tablets was conducted.

Results:
The low solubility (pH 1.2 and 4.5) and high solubility (pH 6.8) were observed for both
solubility methods. Permeability data reported from the literature showed that valsartan is a low
permeability drug. Valsartan presented the rapid release profile only in pH 6.8.

Conclusion:
We defined that valsartan is a class IV drug, in disagreement with what has been published
so far. It is important to emphasize that the conditions considered here are indicated to define
the biopharmaceutics classification by regulatory agencies.
ESTIMACIÓN DE LA TASA DE INTERÉS NEUTRAL, DESEMPLEO E INFLACIÓN EN MÉXICO
Authors: Sánchez Vargas Armando 
Published: December 2019

<p>¿Cuáles son los mecanismos de transmisión que determinan a la tasa de interés neutral que sirve de referencia para establecer la postura de política monetaria del Banco Central? Se analiza el papel de la tasa de desocupación y la inflación en la determinación de la tasa de interés neutral. La conclusión es que el Banco de México podría tomar una postura de política monetaria más expansiva sin generar presiones inflacionarias. La tasa de interés se calcula con: 1) la regla de Taylor y un sistema de ecuaciones simultáneas cointegrado y 2) la paridad de tasas de interés. Los resultados sugieren que la tasa de interés neutral cambia a través de dos mecanismos: 1) de manera indirecta cuando se presenta una variación en la tasa de desocupación, lo que genera un cambio en la inflación y, por tanto, un desplazamiento de la tasa neutral, y 2) de manera directa cuando hay una reducción en la brecha del producto interno bruto.</p><p> </p><p align="center">ESTIMATION OF THE NEUTRAL INTEREST RATE, UNEMPLOYMENT AND INFLATION IN MEXICO</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>What are the transmission mechanisms determining the neutral rate of interest that serves as a reference to establish the monetary policy stance of the Central Bank? We analyze the role of unemployment and inflation in determining such neutral rate. We conclude that the Banco de México could take a more expansive monetary policy stance without generating inflationary pressures. The rate is calculated using two methods: 1) the Taylor rule and a cointegrated simultaneous equations system and 2) the interest rate parity. Our results suggest that the neutral interest rate changes through two mechanisms: 1) indirectly when there is a variation in the unemployment rate, which generates a change in inflation and, therefore, a shift in the neutral rate and 2) directly when there is a reduction in the Gross Domestic Product gap.
La ética global, el comercio y la religión, por una sola vía
Authors: Acuña Barrantes Henry , Nonell-Torres Pedro , Padilla-Beltran Jose Eduardo 
Published: December 2019

El artículo tiene como intención, de ilustrar las conductas, y reflexiones en relación con la discusión de la ética global, en analogía con la religión, y las negociaciones internacionales; colocándose en el aspecto tangible en función a los cultos; fue elaborado con un enfoque hermenéutico, bajo el paradigma cualitativo, utilizando el método descriptivo y documental; el primero, porque de la información encontrada en la web se extrajo, interpretó y describió lo más trascendente de determinados autores y el segundo, por la consulta realizada a diferentes documentos científicos en internet. La religión normalmente es utilizada en los negocios con fines meramente gubernamentales o políticos; concurre actualmente una ética entre los preceptos religiosos de la humanidad que logran servir para sanar el estrés del mundo.
Management Control System Design and Employees' Autonomous Motivation
Authors: Chen Clara Xiaoling , Lill Jeremy B. , Vance Thomas W. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Using an online survey of 468 U.S. employees from diverse industries and professions, we provide empirical evidence that management control system design choices can affect autonomous motivation in employees. Drawing on self-determination theory and the levers of control framework, we predict and find that employee autonomous motivation is positively associated with the use of beliefs control systems and interactive control systems and negatively associated with the use of diagnostic control systems. Moreover, we find that the joint use of diagnostic and interactive controls is positively associated with autonomous motivation. We also find a positive association between employees' autonomous motivation and individual self-reported effort, job performance, and creativity. Additional analyses examine the sources of motivation behind these results, focusing on identified motivation. The theory and results of our study provide a potential explanation for the recent trend in practice of organizations increasingly emphasizing their values and higher purposes.
Data Availability: Data are available upon request.
Los procedimientos de diagnóstico genético pre implantatorio: de los avances científicos y técnicos a las implicaciones bioéticas
Authors: Estévez Edmundo , Jiménez Soledad , García Agustín 
Published: December 2019

Tratar de determinar sí el embrión humano es persona, es uno de los interrogantes al que van a confluir aspectos filosóficos, bioéticos y biológicos, los mismos que necesariamente discrepan desde su particular punto de vista; por esta razón se realiza una somera revisión de los diversos enfoques aplicando los principios de la antropología filosófica y de la metafísica en todas las etapas de la vida del ser humano. A partir de esos principios se propone construir o ir construyendo una bioética que sea objetiva, y que resuelve los casos y acciones que tienen que ver con la vida humana y su naturaleza.
Sobre este tema hay una primera postura emocional que nos hace a todos estar a favor de la vida y en defensa de los embriones, pero para construir un sistema ético no podemos basarnos en el mero sentimiento sino elevarlo a la categoría reflexiva y compartir la prescripción de Diego Gracia, quien señala, que el sentimiento sin reflexión es ciego y que la reflexión sin sentimiento nace muerta, por ello cuando existen morales basadas en sistema de valores fuertemente emocionales, se debe someterla al control de la razón, considerando los medios y los fines. Esto es lo que se denomina la ética de la responsabilidad que debe primar en los albores, del solsticio y el ocaso de la vida.
La modernidad post genómica abre las puertas a maravillosas promesas sobre la posibilidad real de manipular en la perspectiva diagnóstica y aún terapéutica al rudimentario “ser humano” en proceso de formación. Desde 1953 a nuestros días se han producido espectaculares conquistas científicas y tecnológicas entorno a la estructura y función del ADN (ciencias genómicas): Tamizaje prenatal no invasivo (NIPT), CRISPER/Cas9 (Lejeune, 1993)