bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Epilepsy in Infants with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex in the EPISTOP Trial
Authors: Kotulska Katarzyna , Kwiatkowski David J. , Curatolo Paolo , Weschke Bernhard , Riney Kate , Jansen Floor , Feucht Martha , Krsek Pavel , Nabbout Rima , Jansen Anna C. , Wojdan Konrad , Sijko Kamil , Głowacka‐Walas Jagoda , Borkowska Julita , Sadowski Krzysztof , Domańska‐Pakieła Dorota , Moavero Romina , Hertzberg Christoph , Hulshof Hanna , Scholl Theresa , Benova Barbora , Aronica Eleonora , de Ridder Jessie , Lagae Lieven , Jóźwiak Sergiusz ,   the EPISTOP Investigators
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveEpilepsy develops in 70 to 90% of children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and is often resistant to medication. Recently, the concept of preventive antiepileptic treatment to modify the natural history of epilepsy has been proposed. EPISTOP was a clinical trial designed to compare preventive versus conventional antiepileptic treatment in TSC infants.MethodsIn this multicenter study, 94 infants with TSC without seizure history were followed with monthly video electroencephalography (EEG), and received vigabatrin either as conventional antiepileptic treatment, started after the first electrographic or clinical seizure, or preventively when epileptiform EEG activity before seizures was detected. At 6 sites, subjects were randomly allocated to treatment in a 1:1 ratio in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). At 4 sites, treatment allocation was fixed; this was denoted an open‐label trial (OLT). Subjects were followed until 2 years of age. The primary endpoint was the time to first clinical seizure.ResultsIn 54 subjects, epileptiform EEG abnormalities were identified before seizures. Twenty‐seven were included in the RCT and 27 in the OLT. The time to the first clinical seizure was significantly longer with preventive than conventional treatment [RCT: 364 days (95% confidence interval [CI] = 223–535) vs 124 days (95% CI = 33–149); OLT: 426 days (95% CI = 258–628) vs 106 days (95% CI = 11–149)]. At 24 months, our pooled analysis showed preventive treatment reduced the risk of clinical seizures (odds ratio [OR] = 0.21, p = 0.032), drug‐resistant epilepsy (OR = 0.23, p = 0.022), and infantile spasms (OR = 0, p < 0.001). No adverse events related to preventive treatment were noted.InterpretationPreventive treatment with vigabatrin was safe and modified the natural history of seizures in TSC, reducing the risk and severity of epilepsy. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:304–314
Forty questions of importance to the policy and practice of native oyster reef restoration in Europe
Authors: zu Ermgassen Philine S. E. , Bonačić Kruno , Boudry Pierre , Bromley Cass A. , Cameron Tom C. , Colsoul Bérenger , Coolen Joop W. P. , Frankić Anamarija , Hancock Boze , van der Have Tom M. , Holbrook Zoë , Kamermans Pauline , Laugen Ane T. , Nevejan Nancy , Pogoda Bernadette , Pouvreau Stéphane , Preston Joanne , Ranger Christopher J. , Sanderson William G. , Sas Hein , Strand Åsa , Sutherland William J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Oyster reefs are among the most threatened marine habitats globally. In Europe, oyster reefs have been extirpated from most locations within their historical range. Active restoration of the native oyster (Ostrea edulis) in Europe has grown substantially in recent years. In sharing experiences between oyster restoration projects in Europe at the Native Oyster Restoration Alliance conference, NORA2, in Edinburgh in May 2019, it became apparent that a number of similar barriers are experienced.
This study identified the top 40 questions, which, if answered, would have the greatest influence on the policy and practice of oyster restoration in Europe. Initially 71 people were consulted across 28 institutions and 11 European countries to generate 194 questions. An established process of one round of pre‐workshop voting followed by a one‐day online workshop and two post‐workshop rounds of voting resulted in the final 40 questions.
Questions were broadly grouped into the following 10 themes: baselines, site selection, restoration methods, quantifying benefits, disease management, biosecurity, genetic diversity and population differentiation, policy and management, novel technologies, and current and future threats.
We anticipate that this list will provide a starting point for developing collaborative projects across the NORA network, as well as assisting policy makers and funders with identifying key areas that need to be addressed in order to overcome existing barriers to scaling up oyster restoration in Europe.
Modeling of photosynthesis and respiration rate for microalgae–bacteria consortia
Authors: Sánchez Zurano Ana , Gómez Serrano Cintia , Acién‐Fernández F. Gabriel , Fernández‐Sevilla Jose M. , Molina‐Grima Emilio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article, the influence of culture conditions (irradiance, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen) on the photosynthesis and the respiration rates of microalgae–bacteria consortia in wastewater treatment was analyzed. Specifically, some short photo‐respirometric experiments, simulating outdoor raceway reactors, were performed to evaluate the response of microalgae, heterotrophic bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria to variations in environmental parameters. Results demonstrate that irradiance is the most dominant variable to determine microalgae photosynthesis rates. However, reduction in microalgae activity was not observed at higher irradiance, ruling out the existence of photoinhibition phenomena. Related to heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria, their activities were strongly affected by the influence of temperature and pH. Moreover, the effect of dissolved oxygen concentrations on microalgae, and bacteria activities was studied, displaying a reduced photosynthetic rate at dissolved oxygen concentrations above 20 mg/L. Data have been used to develop an integrated model for each population (microalgae, heterotrophic bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria) based on considering the simultaneous influence of irradiance, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. The models fit the experimental results in the range of culture conditions tested, and they were validated using data obtained by the simultaneous modifications of the variables. These individual models serve as a basis for developing a global biologic microalgae–bacteria model for wastewater treatment to improve the optimal design and management of microalgae‐based processes, especially outdoors, where the cultures are subject to variable daily culture conditions.
Determinants of consumer demand for circular economy products. A case for reuse and remanufacturing for sustainable development
Authors: Hunka Agnieszka D. , Linder Marcus , Habibi Shiva 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe investigate determinants of consumer demand for circular (reused and remanufactured) products. Based on exploratory choice‐based conjoint experiments with a sample of 800 adults in the United Kingdom, we examine two types of premium segment electronic appliances: a mobile phone and a robot vacuum cleaner. We find that consumers prefer partly circulated products over fully or not at all circulated products and that circular products can likely successfully enter the existing market at the retail price of a new product. Interestingly, circular products compete for market share primarily with new products, leaving the market share of second‐hand options less affected. The results show a promising path for firms considering a transition to circular business models.
Combination of lysine‐specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A) and mismatch repair (MMR) status is a potential prognostic factor in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaying , Yang Zuyi , Feng Jiao , Duan Ting , Pan Ting , Yan Lili , Jin Ting , Xiang Yu , Zhang Mingming , Chen Peng , Wang Wengang , Zhang Ruonan , Chen Bi , Zhao Liping , Xie Tian , Sui Xinbing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the relationship between the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status and histone lysine‐specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsAbout 594 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Subsequently, a series of different classification tests for MMR status, cancer types, and target gene expression was conducted.ResultsAfter filtering out the KDMs group of genes, we selected KDM6A as the target gene. A significant difference in the performance of KDM6A in tumor and normal tissues were confirmed. Our results showed a lower KDM6A expression, lower KDM6A exon expression, and higher KDM6A DNA methylation than their corresponding normal tissues in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Notably, the main MMR genes were highly expressed in tumor tissues than normal tissues both in COAD and rectum adenocarcinoma (READ). Moreover, proficient DNA mismatch repair (pMMR) was found to be an important poor prognostic factor in COAD (p = 0.0064) and the low KDM6A expression was an important factor for poor prognosis in READ (p = 0.0217). Based on these results, we consequently relate MMR status with KDM6A expression in predicting the prognosis of patients with CRC. Moreover, patients with pMMR exhibited a low KDM6A expression in COAD (p = 0.0250). Samples were divided into two groups based on the KDM6A expression. Interestingly, the group with low KDM6A expression showed no difference between pMMR and deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) in prognosis, whereas the group with high KDM6A expression was closely related to MMR status in OS (p = 0.0082). Besides, COAD patients with high KDM6A expression and pMMR status had poor OS (p = 0.0082).ConclusionsThe KDM6A/MMR classification‐based subtypes of low KDM6A expression/READ, high KDM6A expression/pMMR, and COAD/pMMR were associated with poor prognosis. This classification can be a novel prognostic approach in CRC.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the performance of flow‐diverting stents in the treatment of peripheral and visceral artery aneurysms
Authors: Zhang Yongxue , Xiang Dekun , Lu Qingsheng , Wu Mengtao , Cui Jinguo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis meta‐analysis aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of flow‐diverting stents (FDS) in treating peripheral and visceral artery aneurysms (PAA/VAAs).BackgroundThough rare, PAA/VAAs can represent a life‐threatening condition due to their propensity of rupture. The FDS emerges as a new solution to exclude these aneurysms while maintaining collateral branches, but convincing evidence is lacking on its clinical effectiveness.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed to identify studies related to FDS in treating PAA/VAAs. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement was applied to guide the data extraction, quality assessment, and synthesis of outcomes of interest. Random effect models were applied to calculate the event rates of major endpoints. OpenMeta[Analyst] software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsOf 130 records screened, 10 cohort studies (including 220 patients, average age: 66.0 years, 78.4% male) were enrolled in the meta‐analysis. Pooled data suggested a technical success rate of 98.5% (95% CI: 97.0–100%). During a mean follow‐up period of 14.1 months, 93.6% (95% CI: 88.6–98.5%) side branches remained patent, 89.8% (95% CI: 84.3–95.3%) aneurysms were totally thrombosed, whereas shrinkage/stabilization of the aneurysm was documented in 93.4% (95% CI: 88.4–98.4%) cases. The primary stent patency rate was estimated to be 87.9% (95% CI: 81.0–94.8%). Overall clinical success was achieved in 83.2% (95% CI: 74.4–92.0%) patients.ConclusionsThe FDS features a potential advantage of preserving side branches while inducing sac thrombosis and aneurysm shrinkage/stabilization. Further prospective, comparative studies in larger patient cohorts are anticipated to draw a robust conclusion.
Successful intracoronary thrombolysis in a patient with anterior myocardial infarction and large thrombus burden associated with coronary artery ectasia
Authors: Jafaripour Iraj , Ansari Ramandi Mohammad Mostafa , Gholami Amir , Pourkia Roghayeh , Amin Kamyar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough ectatic coronary arteries with high thrombus burden, leading to acute coronary events, can be difficult to manage, intracoronary thrombolytics and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors can act as potential successful treatment options.
Photoredox‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Cyclization of 2‐Vinyl Phenols, N‐Alkoxypyridinium Salts, and Sulfur Ylides for Synthesis of Dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Yuan Fan , Yan Dong‐Mei , Gao Pan‐Pan , Shi De‐Qing , Xiao Wen‐Jing , Chen Jia‐Rong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran ring systems are a privileged class of oxygen heterocycles, and their synthesis continues to attract considerable effort. Herein, a visible‐light‐driven photoredox‐catalyzed radical multicomponent cyclization of 2‐vinyl phenols, N‐alkoxypyridinium salts, and sulfur ylides is described. The key to the reaction success involves the use of both N‐alkoxypyridinium salts and sulfur ylides as radical precursors. This redox‐neutral protocol features good functional group tolerance, easily available starting materials, simple operation, and mild reaction conditions, enabling the modular synthesis of various 2,3‐disubstituted dihydrobenzofurans. Mechanistic studies have also elucidated some of the aspects associated with the key radical intermediates.
Facile synthesis of phosphorus‐nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots from cyanobacteria for bioimaging
Authors: Wang Xi , Gao Shiyu , Xu Nan , Xu Li , Chen Sainan , Mei Changtong , Xu Changyan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs) are becoming powerful fluorophore materials in the field of biosensors and bioimaging thanks to their small size, optical properties, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Heteroatom doping can endow CQDs with new or improved photoluminescent properties. In this paper, the bio‐waste cyanobacteria, H3PO4 and C2H8N2 were used as precursors for synthesizing P‐doped, N‐doped and P/N co‐doped CQDs via a simple hydrothermal method. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light (UV), the optimal emission peaks of undoped CQDs and P‐doped CQDs were located in the blue‐light region, while those of N‐doped CQDs and P/N co‐doped CQDs were located in the green‐light region. Compared with the undoped, N‐doped and P‐doped CQDs, the P/N co‐doped CQDs had higher quantum yield (QY) and more favourable photoluminescent (PL) properties. The as‐prepared P/N co‐doped CQDs were highly fluorescent and exhibited excitation wavelength‐dependent fluorescence; its maximum emission wavelength was at 501 nm under the excitation of 420 nm. Furthermore, the percentage of survival cells kept at 90.4% when the P/N co‐doped CQDs concentration was up to 200 μg/mL by MTS assay. Such P/N co‐doped CQDs were then used as an effective fluorescent probe for cell imaging due to their high QY, good water dispersibility, strong fluorescence properties, fine biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity.
Impact of a volume challenge on haemodynamics and prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Maeder Micha T. , Weber Lukas , Weilenmann Daniel , Haager Philipp K. , Joerg Lucas , Rohner Franziska , Ammann Peter , Chronis Joannis , Rigger Johannes , Rickli Hans 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsA volume challenge can unmask pulmonary hypertension (PH) and its mechanism. We evaluated the impact of a volume challenge on mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mPAWP) and its prognostic implications in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR).Methods and resultsIn 285 patients with severe AS (indexed aortic valve area 0.41 ± 0.13 cm2/m2), mPAP and mPAWP were measured before and after administration of 150 ± 58 mL of low‐osmolal or iso‐osmolal contrast. Following contrast, mPAP and mPAWP rose from 25 ± 10 and 16 ± 8 mmHg by 5 ± 4 and 4 ± 4 mmHg to 30 ± 11 and 20 ± 8 mmHg. There were 112 (39%) patients with pre‐contrast PH and 70 (40% of those without pre‐contrast PH) patients with post‐contrast PH only. Post‐contrast PH patients were intermediate between pre‐contrast PH and no PH in terms of AS severity, cardiac dysfunction, and haemodynamics. After a median follow‐up of 43 months post‐AVR, pre‐contrast PH patients had numerically the highest mortality driven by those with pre‐contrast combined pre‐capillary and post‐capillary PH (n = 35), while post‐contrast changes in mPAP and mPAWP were not related to mortality. Patients with any post‐contrast mPAWP > 18 mmHg had significantly higher mortality than those with post‐contrast mPAWP ≤ 18 mmHg,ConclusionsIn severe AS, a contrast challenge leads to post‐contrast PH in ~40% of patients without pre‐contrast PH. However, post‐contrast haemodynamic changes do not adversely affect outcomes in patients undergoing AVR. Post‐contrast PH represents an intermediate stage of ‘cardiac damage’, which may be attenuated or reversible after AVR.
Thermal runaway behavior of lithium‐ion batteries in different charging states under low pressure
Authors: Xie Song , Sun Jian , Chen Xiantao , He Yuanhua 
Published: November 2020

SummaryTo investigate the thermal safety behavior of lithium‐ion batteries during the air transportation process, the batteries with different states of charge (SOC) are heated by heating coil under low pressure. The thermal runaway (TR) behaviors of the batteries are investigated by analyzing the differences in TR phenomenon, temperature, time, and voltage. The results show that the voltage drop time is earlier than the gas release time for all the batteries. The increase in the SOC shortens the voltage drop and TR time, and increases the TR temperature and intensity of the batteries under all pressures. In addition, the reduction of pressure leads to the delay of voltage drop time, the reduction of TR intensity and temperature, and the U‐shaped change of TR time. The influence of SOC on the TR behavior is attributed to the difference of lithium content in the anode which leads to the difference in the energy state and stability of the battery. The difference in TR behavior under different pressures is due to the difference in oxygen content and heat transfer efficiency, which affects the ignition time and combustion behavior of the battery.
Increasing the impact of science and technology to provide more people with healthier and safer food
Authors: Chávez‐Dulanto Perla N. , Thiry Arnauld A. A. , Glorio‐Paulet Patricia , Vögler Oliver , Carvalho Fernando P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEnsuring adequate food availability to an increasing world population constitutes one of the biggest challenges faced by humankind. Scientific and technological advances in food production during the last century enabled agriculture to cope with the concomitant increase in food demand. For example, cereal yields have more than doubled from a global average of 1.5 metric tons per hectare in the 1960s up to 3.2 metric tons per hectare in 2018. This was made possible by the work in different research fields such as agronomy, engineering, and plant sciences, showing that an inter and multidisciplinary approach is indispensable for significant progress. This manuscript is aimed at generating reflexion and analysis about the challenges that agriculture faces at present to satisfy projected food demands, which implies a further doubling of food production by 2050, according to the latest estimates. Relevant issues related to food production (climate change, pollution of water and soils by pesticides and fertilizers, loss of germplasm and biodiversity) are discussed and potential solutions to achieve food security in quantity and quality are reviewed, mainly from the plant breeding and crop‐production perspectives, always associated with environmental health preservation and improvement. A broad transdisciplinary effort is needed to increase the impact of science and technology to provide more people with healthier and safer food, produced in a sustainable way. Nonetheless, science and technology alone will not succeed to meet those challenges. Education and knowledge transfer strategies are needed to guarantee responsible production and consumption everywhere, therefore allowing the benefits of scientific and technological progress reach the world population. Simultaneously, adequate action by regulatory authorities and governments concerted at international level, with thorough application of the Precautionary Principle, and aiming at environmental and social justice are imperatively required to meet the challenge and achieve the goal.
Circulating and Tissue Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in Primary Hyperparathyroidism Caused by Sporadic Parathyroid Adenomas
Authors: Yavropoulou Maria P , Pazaitou‐Panayiotou Kalliopi , Yovos John G , Poulios Christos , Anastasilakis Athanasios D , Vlachodimitropoulos Dimitris , Vamvakidis Kyriakos , Tsave Olga , Chrisafi Sofia , Daskalaki Emily , Makras Polyzois 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTWe investigated the expression profile of selected microRNAs (miRs) in serum and tissue samples from patients with sporadic parathyroid adenomas (sPAs). This was a prospective, controlled cohort study. Forty patients with sPAs who had undergone parathyroidectomy (PTX) were included. MiR extraction was performed from (i) 40 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples (FFPEs) of sPAs, (ii) 10 FFPEs of normal parathyroid tissue (NPT), (iii) serum samples of the 40 patients with sPAs (t1 = baseline; t2 = 2 months post‐PTX), and (vi) serum samples of 10 healthy individuals (controls; t1 = baseline and t2 = 2 months later). Ten miRs were selected based on their interaction with genes related to parathyroid tumorigenesis (miR‐17‐5p, miR‐24‐3p, miR‐29b‐3p, miR‐31‐5p, miR‐135b‐5p, miR‐186‐5p, miR‐195‐5p, miR‐330‐3p, miR‐483‐3p, and miR‐877‐5p). At tissue level, the relative expression of miR‐17‐5p, miR‐31‐5p, miR‐135b‐5p, miR‐186‐5p, and miR‐330‐3p was significantly decreased (fold change [FC]: 0.17, FC: 0.03, FC: 0.01, FC: 0.10, FC: 0.10, respectively; all p values <0.001), and the expression of miR‐24‐3p and miR‐29b‐3p was significantly increased (FC: 12.4, p < 0.001; FC: 18.5, p = 0.011, respectively) in sPA compared with NPT samples. The relative expression of miR‐135b‐5p was also significantly decreased in the serum samples of patients compared with controls (FC: 0.7, p = 0.035). No significant differences were found in the serum samples of patients before and after PTX. MiRs that regulate genes linked to parathyroid tumors such as menin 1 (miR‐24‐3p, miR‐29b‐3p), cyclin D1 (miR‐17‐5p), calcium sensing receptor (miR‐31‐5p, miR‐135b‐5p), cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors (miR‐186‐5p), and β‐catenin (miR‐330‐3p) were significantly deregulated in sPAs compared with NPT samples, suggesting a role for epigenetic changes in parathyroid tumorigenesis. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.