bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of the credit selection criteria on non-performing loans
Authors: Campanella Francesco , Gangi Francesco , Mustilli Mario , Serino Luana 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with the perceptions of banks’ managers about some criteria for assessing creditworthiness related to firms and how these criteria affect non-performing loans (NPLs). The paper wants to respond to the following research question: “Which criteria influence the magnitude of NPLs?” The evidence is based on the improvement of credit quality in the Italian banking system, which the authors study in aggregate and size-specific analyses, creating two subsamples (large and small banks).

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used was a mixed method approach. The values of the variables were quantified according to the information derived from Thomson Reuters (Eikon, Datastream), the financial reporting of the banks and questionnaires directly administered to the bank managers.

Findings
This research about loans selection criteria provides useful indications for “The Basel Framework”. The results show that managers of the large banks are improving the approach of allocating the loans; the managers of the small banks are getting worse in the period 2006-2016. Therefore, it should be valuable to build a new standard about qualitative and quantitative criteria to recognize credit risk. In particular, these criteria could be adopted to reduce NPLs, and they should be different in small banks and large banks.

Originality/value
The study is part of empirical research investigating the causes of the significant increase in NPLs in the Italian banking system in 2006-2016. Most research interprets the increase in NPLs in the Italian banking system only as an effect of the crisis in the Italian entrepreneurial system. This research offers a different interpretation of the problem, interpreting the phenomenon as a delay of the banking system in investing in an effective information criterion.
Revenue-expense versus asset-liability model
Authors: Moscariello Nicola , La Rosa Fabio , Bernini Francesca , Fera Pietro 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of two different financial reporting models (revenue-expense vs asset-liability) on several earnings attributes.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis compares the earnings attributes of non-financial private firms using the Italian generally accepted accounting principles (Italian GAAP, based on a revenue-expense model) with those of the Italian non-financial private firms voluntarily adopting the international financial reporting standards (IFRS, based on the asset-liability model). To address major methodological concerns, the research design is based on a single-country analysis and on three different samples as follows: firms voluntarily adopting IFRS; a matched sample of Italian GAAP firms; Italian GAAP firms belonging to the Elite programme, and therefore, comparable to the IFRS adopters in terms of incentives towards financial reporting transparency.FindingsThe results show that firms reporting under a revenue-expense model are characterized by a stronger revenue-expense matching degree, along with higher earnings’ persistence, earnings’ predictability and conditional conservatism than firms adopting an asset-liability model. In addition, contrary to the expectations, Italian GAAP firms do not present smoother earnings and do not report greater abnormal accruals than IFRS adopters do. Overall, the findings suggest that the switch from a revenue-expense model to an asset-liability model negatively affects several earnings attributes of non-financial private companies, shedding new light on the drawbacks associated with the adoption of the IFRS accounting model.Originality/valueThis study addresses a theme characterized by sparse research efforts, adding new insights to the debate on the decline in the quality of earnings and on the drawbacks associated with the adoption of the IFRS accounting model.
Law enforcement perceptions of cyberbullying: evolving perspectives
Authors: Patchin Justin W. , Schafer Joseph , Jarvis John P. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeCyberbullying – using technology to intentionally and repeatedly engage in bullying behaviors – has gained considerable public attention over the last decade. Parents and educators regularly instruct students about appropriate online behaviors and threaten consequences for misbehaviors. The role and responsibility of law enforcement officers in preventing and responding to cyberbullying incidents remains uncertain. While clear violations of the law (e.g. threats of physical harm) most directly implicate the police, other – more common behaviors – such as rumor spreading or hurtful online commenting do not. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe current study surveyed 1,596 law enforcement supervisors attending the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s National Academy (NA) program. The survey instrument assessed perceptions of law enforcement responsibility in cyberbullying incidents. Data were collected in three waves over a nine-year period, allowing the measurement of attitudinal changes over time.FindingsThe authors find that certain officer characteristics are associated with a greater interest in responding to different types of cyberbullying (including having children at home and having previous experience dealing with cyberbullying) and that these perceptions have evolved over time.Research limitations/implicationsThe data are specific to law enforcement leaders who participated in the NA and are therefore not generalizable to all officers. Nevertheless, implications for explaining variance and law enforcement involvement in cyberbullying incidents are discussed.Originality/valueThis is the first study to survey law enforcement leaders over time to assess their evolving perceptions of law enforcement’s role in addressing cyberbullying among youth.
Online wine purchasing: a comparison between South Africa and Italy
Authors: Cobelli Nicola , Wilkinson Georgina 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore South African and Italian consumers' attitude toward online wine purchasing. In detail, through the application of the technology acceptance model (TAM), this research intends to explain the antecedents of consumers actual online purchasing of wine in South Africa and Italy.Design/methodology/approachTwo questionnaire-based surveys were conducted, yielding a sample of 190 consumers in South Africa and 179 in Italy. Data were analyzed through several techniques including t-tests, principal component factor analyses, and binary logistic regressions.FindingsOverall, the findings show that South African and Italian online wine consumers are more similar than the offline wine consumers. However, perceived usefulness has an impact on the use of the online channel to purchase wine in Italy but not in South Africa, whereas perceived complexity has an effect in South Africa but not in Italy.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adopts a convenience sampling technique, suggesting that the used samples are not representative of the whole population. Moreover, TAM offers a simple and clear understanding of the actual use of wine e-commerce but overlooks other potential explanatory factors.Practical implicationsTargeting online wine consumers in South Africa and Italy opens up the opportunity for using cross-national highly standardized product and communication strategies. However, different approaches are required to convert offline wine consumers to online wine consumers in South Africa and Italy.Originality/valueThis is the first cross-national study investigating consumers' attitude toward online wine purchasing in South Africa and Italy. Moreover, it offers a comparison of online and offline wine consumers in the two countries. In addition, the research offers a new point of view over consumers of Italy and South Africa, two important countries in terms of wine production and consumption that can be very beneficial for wineries owners and managers.
From tourism and disability to accessible tourism: a perspective article
Authors: Darcy Simon , McKercher Bob , Schweinsberg Stephen 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the development of disability and tourism to the conceptualising and defining of accessible tourism.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a limited review of the literature as its main approach.

Findings
In reviewing the development of the field from disability and tourism to accessible tourism, it became apparent that there has been a change in focus on the accessibility of the key sectors of tourism (e.g. transport, accommodation and attractions) to incorporating an embodied understanding of tourism in developing accessible destination experiences that provide an equality of offering to that of nondisabled tourists.

Originality/value
This paper makes a contribution by clearly following the development of the field from papers that only considered tourism and disability to conceptualise and define the accessible tourism field. It then goes on to identify a significant challenge due to an underlying empirical data gap through a lack of nationally and regionally collected tourism data that incorporates disability questions.
Experimentally increased brood size accelerates actuarial senescence and increases subsequent reproductive effort in a wild bird population
Authors: Boonekamp Jelle J. , Bauch Christina , Verhulst Simon 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

The assumption that reproductive effort decreases somatic state, accelerating ageing, is central to our understanding of life‐history variation. Maximal reproductive effort early in life is predicted to be maladaptive by accelerating ageing disproportionally, decreasing fitness.

Optimality theory predicts that reproductive effort is restrained early in life to balance the fitness contribution of reproduction against the survival cost induced by the reproductive effort. When adaptive, the level of reproductive restraint is predicted to be inversely linked to the remaining life expectancy, potentially resulting in a terminal effort in the last period of reproduction.

Experimental tests of the reproductive restraint hypothesis require manipulation of somatic state and subsequent investigation of reproductive effort and residual life span. To our knowledge the available evidence remains inconclusive, and hence reproductive restraint remains to be demonstrated.

We modulated somatic state through a lifelong brood size manipulation in wild jackdaws and measured its consequences for age‐dependent mortality and reproductive success.

The assumption that lifelong increased brood size reduced somatic state was supported: Birds rearing enlarged broods showed subsequent increased rate of actuarial senescence, resulting in reduced residual life span.

The treatment induced a reproductive response in later seasons: Egg volume and nestling survival were higher in subsequent seasons in the increased versus reduced broods' treatment group. We detected these increases in egg volume and nestling survival despite the expectation that in the absence of a change in reproductive effort, the reduced somatic state indicated by the increased mortality rate would result in lower reproductive output. This leads us to conclude that the higher reproductive success we observed was the result of higher reproductive effort.

Our findings show that reproductive effort negatively covaries with remaining life expectancy, supporting optimality theory and confirming reproductive restraint as a key factor underpinning life‐history variation.
Electronic cigarettes and obstetric outcomes: a prospective observational study
Authors: McDonnell BP , Dicker P , Regan CL 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo compare the obstetric outcomes and socio‐demographic factors in electronic cigarette (EC) users with cigarette smokers and non‐smokers in pregnancy.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingA large urban maternity hospital delivering almost 8500 infants per year.PopulationPregnant women attending for antenatal care.MethodsElectronic cigarette users at time of booking history were prospectively identified. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared with those of pregnant smokers and non‐smokers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between the explanatory variables and birthweight.Main outcomes measuresInfant birthweight, gestation at delivery, incidence of low birthweight.ResultsA total of 218 women with exclusive EC use and 195 women with dual use of both cigarettes and EC, had a live birth during the study period. EC users were of higher socio‐economic status than smokers. Infants born to EC users had a mean birthweight of 3470 g (± 555 g), which was similar to that of non‐smokers (3471 ± 504 g, P = 0.97) and significantly greater than that of smokers (3166 ± 502 g, P < 0.001). The mean birth centile of EC users was similar to non‐smokers (51st centile versus 47th centile, P = 0.28) and significantly greater than that of smokers (27th centile, P < 0.001). Dual users had a mean birthweight and birth centile similar to that of smokers.ConclusionThe birthweight of infants born to EC users is similar to that of non‐smokers, and significantly greater than cigarette smokers. Dual users of both cigarettes and EC have a birthweight similar to that of smokers.Tweetable extractBirthweight of infants born to electronic cigarette users appears to be similar to that of non‐smokers.
The Australasian Resuscitation In Sepsis Evaluation: Fluids or vasopressors in emergency department sepsis (ARISE FLUIDS), a multi‐centre observational study describing current practice in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Keijzers Gerben , Macdonald Stephen PJ , Udy Andrew A , Arendts Glenn , Bailey Michael , Bellomo Rinaldo , Blecher Gabriel E , Burcham Jonathon , Coggins Andrew R , Delaney Anthony , Fatovich Daniel M , Fraser John F , Harley Amanda , Jones Peter , Kinnear Frances B , May Katya , Peake Sandra , Taylor David McD , Williams Patricia ,   the ARISE FLUIDS Observational Study Group
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo describe haemodynamic resuscitation practices in ED patients with suspected sepsis and hypotension.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicentre, observational study conducted in 70 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand between September 2018 and January 2019. Consecutive adults presenting to the ED during a 30‐day period at each site, with suspected sepsis and hypotension (systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg) despite at least 1000 mL fluid resuscitation, were eligible. Data included baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory variables and intravenous fluid volume administered, vasopressor administration at baseline and 6‐ and 24‐h post‐enrolment, time to antimicrobial administration, intensive care admission, organ support and in‐hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 4477 patients were screened and 591 were included with a mean (standard deviation) age of 62 (19) years, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score 15.2 (6.6) and a median (interquartile range) systolic blood pressure of 94 mmHg (87–100). Median time to first intravenous antimicrobials was 77 min (42–148). A vasopressor infusion was commenced within 24 h in 177 (30.2%) patients, with noradrenaline the most frequently used (n = 138, 78%). A median of 2000 mL (1500–3000) of intravenous fluids was administered prior to commencing vasopressors. The total volume of fluid administered from pre‐enrolment to 24 h was 4200 mL (3000–5661), with a range from 1000 to 12 200 mL. Two hundred and eighteen patients (37.1%) were admitted to an intensive care unit. Overall in‐hospital mortality was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.4–8.5%).ConclusionCurrent resuscitation practice in patients with sepsis and hypotension varies widely and occupies the spectrum between a restricted volume/earlier vasopressor and liberal fluid/later vasopressor strategy.
The ‘Little Palaces’ of St James's: Ladies, Lords, and Political Association under the later Stuarts
Authors: Harris Frances 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClubs, coffee houses, and taverns, the most widely studied sites of political gathering in later Stuart London, largely excluded women. This essay argues that places of ‘intermixed conversation’ which existed alongside them should also be taken into account, and considers several examples of regular, semi‐private assemblies, chiefly hosted by elite women (including duchesse de Mazarin, Lady Pulteney, and Barbara Villiers, Lady Fitzhardinge) and frequented by both sexes for the overt purpose of card playing, which were also significant places of political association at this period.
Influence of remoteness of residence on timeliness of diagnosis and treatment of oral cavity and oropharynx cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Venchiarutti Rebecca L , Clark Jonathan R , Palme Carsten E , Shakespare Thomas P , Hill Jacques , Tahir Abdul Rahim Mohd , Dwyer Patrick , Young Jane M 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionGeographic disparities in head and neck cancer (HNC) outcomes in Australia may be mediated by timeliness of diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective cohort study examines geographic variations in survival and time intervals leading up to treatment for HNC at two tertiary referral centres in New South Wales.MethodsEligible patients were NSW residents aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with primary oropharynx or oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) between 01 July 2008 and 30 June 2013, and treated with curative intent. Main outcomes were times from diagnosis to treatment and from surgery to post‐operative radiotherapy and overall survival. Differences based on remoteness of residence (regional/remote or metropolitan) were assessed.ResultsA total of 224 patients were eligible. Median time from symptom onset to treatment was longer for regional/remote patients with oropharynx SCC (4.7 vs. 3.8 months, P = 0.044) and oral cavity SCC (6.4 vs. 3.3 months, P = 0.003). Median time from diagnosis to treatment was longer for regional/remote patients with oropharyngeal SCC (47 days vs. 36 days, P = 0.003). Time from surgery to adjuvant radiotherapy was longer among regional/remote patients with oral cavity SCC (66 vs. 42 days, P = 0.001). Overall survival did not differ based on remoteness.ConclusionRegional/remote HNC patients experienced longer times to diagnosis and treatment, and regardless of remoteness of residence, fewer than half of patients were treated within guideline recommended timeframes. Despite this non‐adherence to guidelines, there were no differences in survival outcomes among this cohort. However, the impact of not meeting guidelines on patient outcomes other than survival warrants further investigation.
Outcomes of curative (chemo)radiotherapy for patients with non‐p16 positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who are borderline for curative treatment
Authors: Xing Daniel , Tiong Albert , Bressel Mathias , Rischin Danny , Tran Phillip , Corry June 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionAppropriate selection of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients for curative treatment is difficult, and it is a very understudied issue. The aim of this study was to review the outcomes of curative intent treatment in non‐p16 positive HNSCC patients assessed as having borderline curability.MethodsA single institution retrospective review of the clinical outcomes of non‐p16 positive HNSCC patients with borderline curability. Predefined criteria for borderline curability were as follows: (i) T4 and/or N3 disease; or (ii) ECOG status ≥2; or (iii) age ≥75 years.ResultsA total of 114 patients were identified. A total of 56 had N3/T4, 32 were >ECOG 2 and 57 were >75 years. A total of 29 had two or more borderline curability criteria. Progression‐free survival rate (PFS) at 1 and 2 years was 72% (95% confidence interval (CI), 63–79) and 53% (95% CI, 43–62), respectively. Overall survival (OS) at 1 and 2 years was 76% (95% CI, 67–83) and 61% (95% CI, 51–69), respectively. On multivariable analysis, the only independent prognostic factor for OS was the adult comorbidity evaluation‐27 (ACE‐27) grade (HR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1–1.8; P = 0.018).ConclusionsPatients with borderline curability criteria treated with curative intent achieved good PFS and OS. ACE‐27 was an important prognostic factor in this population.
Discrepancies between positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in a cohort of oncological patients
Authors: Oh Geon , O’Mahoney Eoin , Jeavons Susanne , Law Phillip , Ngai Stanley , McGill George , Yu Chris , Miles Kenneth A 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to evaluate discrepant findings between positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in a cohort of oncological patients and to undertake a phantom study to assess the potential for extended PET acquisitions to lead to false‐positive findings on PET/MRI.MethodsDiscrepant findings from a series of 106 patients undergoing same‐day 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)‐PET/CT and PET/MRI were reviewed. Phantom studies explored the potential for PET acquisition time to contribute to discrepancy.ResultsThere were 14 discrepant cases, 5 (35.7%) of which related to PET/MRI acquisitions that had been extended to 10 min. Three of these five cases proved to be falsely positive. Phantom studies showed greater contrast recovery and signal to noise ratio for 10‐min PET/MRI acquisitions compared to 2‐min acquisitions using PET/CT. There were no discrepancies when PET/CT showed disseminated disease (P = 0.036).ConclusionsExtended PET/MRI acquisitions used to accommodate multiple MRI sequences may be associated with false‐positive findings compared to PET/CT. PET/MRI is more likely to have incremental value when the prior probability for disseminated disease is low.
Mercury geochemistry and microbial diversity in meromictic Glacier Lake, Jamesville, NY
Authors: Yoshimura Kristin M. , Todorova Svetoslava , Biddle Jennifer F. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryMeromictic lakes are stratified lakes that typically stimulate phototrophic anoxic microbial metabolism, including the transformation of sulphur. Less studied are the transformations of mercury in these environments, and the microorganisms, which mediate these reactions. In order to further an understanding of redox species, mercury and microbial populations in meromictic lakes, we examined the geochemistry and microbiology of Glacier Lake in Jamesville, NY. We found an anoxic transition at a depth of 6 m, followed by active nitrate and sulphate utilization. A chlorophyll a maximum was located at 11 m, coinciding with peaks of several photoautotrophic microbial lineages and total mercury and methyl mercury. Via amplicon sequencing, the microbial population showed pronounced peaks of cyanobacteria at 10 m, Chlorobi at 12 m and Chloroflexi at 14 m. Sulphate‐reducing bacteria were also most abundant between 10 and 14 m depth. A functional gene indicating the potential for the production of methyl mercury, hgcA, was detected at several depths in the lake. Our work suggests that in addition to the sulphur cycle, the cycling of mercury may be indirectly coupled with phototrophic processes in Glacier Lake.