bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying dosage of physical therapy using lower body kinematics: a longitudinal pilot study on early post-stroke individuals
Authors: Shin Sung Yul , Lee Robert K. , Spicer Patrick , Sulzer James 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
While therapy is an important part of the recovery process, there is a lack of quantitative data detailing the “dosage” of therapy received due to the limitations on in/outpatient accessibility and mobility. Advances in wearable sensor technology have allowed us to obtain an unprecedented glimpse into joint-level kinematics in an unobtrusive manner. The objective of this observational longitudinal pilot study was to evaluate the relations between lower body joint kinematics during therapy and functional gait recovery over the first three months after stroke.

Methods
Six individuals with subacute stroke (< 1 month) were monitored for a total of 59 one-hour physical therapy sessions including gait and non-gait activities. Participants donned a heart rate monitor and an inertial motion capture system to measure full lower body joint kinematics during each therapy session. Linear mixed regression models were used to examine relations between functional gait recovery (speed) and activity features including total joint displacements, defined as amount of motion (AoM), step number, change in heart rate (∆HR), and types of tasks performed.

Results
All activity features including AoM, step number, types of tasks performed (all p < 0.01), and ∆HR (p < 0.05) showed strong associations with gait speed. However, AoM (R2 = 32.1%) revealed the greatest explained variance followed by step number (R2 = 14.1%), types of tasks performed (R2 = 8.0%) and ∆HR (R2 = 5.8%). These relations included both gait and non-gait tasks. Contrary to our expectations, we did not observe a greater relation of functional recovery to motion in the impaired limb (R2 = 27.8%) compared to the unimpaired limb (R2 = 32.9%).

Conclusions
This proof-of-concept study shows that recording joint kinematics during gait therapy longitudinally after stroke is feasible and yields important information for the recovery process. These initial results suggest that compared to step number, more holistic outcome measures such as joint motions may be more informative and help elucidate the dosage of therapy.
An NRAS mutation in primary malignant melanoma of the lung: a case report
Authors: Hibiya Takashi , Tanaka Meiro , Matsumura Mai , Aoki Ayako , Ikegami Tadashi , Okudela Koji , Kawano Naomi , Ohashi Kenichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrimary malignant melanoma of the lung (PML) is extremely rare. No precursor lesions of PML have been identified, and little is known about the genetic mutations associated with the disease. Typically, 15–20% of malignant melanomas possessNRASgene mutations, but no cases ofNRAS-mutated PML have been reported in the English literature. We present a case of PML involving anNRASmutation.Case presentationClinical summaryA 74-year-old Japanese female presented with worsening dyspnea and was admitted to hospital. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a right lung (S10) mass and pleural dissemination. Cytology of the pleural effusion in the right lung was performed, and malignant melanoma or clear cell sarcoma was suspected. A dermatological examination and gallium scintigraphy were conducted to determine the primary tumor site, but no suspicious lesions, expect for the right lung mass, were found. After admission, CT showed complicating bilateral pneumonia, and an antibiotic drug was administered, but the pleural effusion got worse. About 2 weeks later, the patient died of respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. An autopsy was performed to determine the histological diagnosis.Autopsy findingsA 26x15x20-mm black and pale yellow mass was found in the right lower lobe. Many disseminated nodules were found in the right lobe. The tumor had invaded the right diaphragm. Subcarinal lymph node metastasis was also detected. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells exhibited positivity for S-100 and HMB45 staining. The patient was diagnosed with malignant melanoma. Sanger sequencing of the tumor detected anNRASmutation.ConclusionsWe found anNRASD54N mutation in PML, which has not been reported previously anywhere in the world. Previous reports indicated that most cases of PML can be classified into the triple-wild-type, butBRAFmutation status was only analyzed in a few cases. We should analyze the mutation patterns of PML to determine whether any subtypes other than the triple-wild-type exist. PML might be a form of de novo cancer.
Estimating the rate and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practices among rural mothers in Southern Ghana
Authors: Manyeh Alfred Kwesi , Amu Alberta , Akpakli David Etsey , Williams John E. , Gyapong Margaret 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding practices in both the short and long term accrue to breastfed infants, mothers, families and the society at large. Despite the evidence of these benefits and adoption of various World Health Organization (WHO) strategies on promotion of exclusive breastfeeding by Ghana, the increase in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding has been very slow in the country. This study aimed to estimate the rate and investigate socio-economic and demographic determinants of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding in two rural districts in Southern Ghana.

Methods
Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, demographic and socioeconomic information of 1870 women who were prospectively registered by the Dodowa Health and Demographic Surveillance System and gave birth between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013 was extracted. The proportion of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding among the study participants was estimated and the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables were explored using logistics regression model at 95% confidence level.

Results
The proportion of mothers who exclusive breastfed for 6 months in the study was 71.0%. Mothers aged 25–29 and 30 + years are 93 and 91% respectively more likely to practice 6 months exclusive breastfeeding compared to those aged < 20 years (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.25, 2.99, OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.91, 3.08). The odds of artisan mothers practicing 6 months exclusive breastfeeding is 36% less likely compared to those unemployed (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43, 0.96). There is a higher chance that 45% of mothers with a household size of more than five members to practice exclusive breastfeeding compared to those with household size of less than six (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.16, 1.81). Women in the fishing district were 85% less likely to practice 6 months exclusive breastfeeding compared to those in farming district (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.12, 0.20).

Conclusion
There is high rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the study area. Maternal age, type of occupation, household size and district of residence are determinants of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding among the study participants.
Testing a theory of strategic implementation leadership, implementation climate, and clinicians’ use of evidence-based practice: a 5-year panel analysis
Authors: Williams Nathaniel J. , Wolk Courtney Benjamin , Becker-Haimes Emily M. , Beidas Rinad S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Implementation theory suggests that first-level leaders, sometimes referred to as middle managers, can increase clinicians’ use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in healthcare settings by enacting specific leadership behaviors (i.e., proactive, knowledgeable, supportive, perseverant with regard to implementation) that develop an EBP implementation climate within the organization; however, longitudinal and quasi-experimental studies are needed to test this hypothesis.

Methods
Using data collected at three waves over a 5-year period from a panel of 30 outpatient children’s mental health clinics employing 496 clinicians, we conducted a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences study to test whether within-organization change in implementation leadership predicted within-organization change in EBP implementation climate, and whether change in EBP implementation climate predicted within-organization change in clinicians’ use of EBP. At each wave, clinicians reported on their first-level leaders’ implementation leadership, their organization’s EBP implementation climate, and their use of both EBP and non-EBP psychotherapy techniques for childhood psychiatric disorders. Hypotheses were tested using econometric two-way fixed effects regression models at the organization level which controlled for all stable organizational characteristics, population trends in the outcomes over time, and time-varying covariates.

Results
Organizations that improved from low to high levels of implementation leadership experienced significantly greater increases in their level of EBP implementation climate (d = .92, p = .017) and within-organization increases in implementation leadership accounted for 11% of the variance in improvement in EBP implementation climate beyond all other covariates. In turn, organizations that improved from low to high levels of EBP implementation climate experienced significantly greater increases in their clinicians’ average EBP use (d = .55, p = .007) and within-organization improvement in EBP implementation climate accounted for 14% of the variance in increased clinician EBP use. Mediation analyses indicated that improvement in implementation leadership had a significant indirect effect on clinicians’ EBP use via improvement in EBP implementation climate (d = .26, 95% CI [.02 to .59]).

Conclusions
When first-level leaders increase their frequency of implementation leadership behaviors, organizational EBP implementation climate improves, which in turn contributes to increased EBP use by clinicians. Trials are needed to test strategies that target this implementation leadership–EBP implementation climate mechanism.
Accuracy of automatic deformable structure propagation for high-field MRI guided prostate radiotherapy
Authors: Christiansen Rasmus Lübeck , Dysager Lars , Bertelsen Anders Smedegaard , Hansen Olfred , Brink Carsten , Bernchou Uffe 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
In this study we have evaluated the accuracy of automatic, deformable structure propagation from planning CT and MR scans for daily online plan adaptation for MR linac (MRL) treatment, which is an important element to minimize re-planning time and reduce the risk of misrepresenting the target due to this time pressure.

Methods
For 12 high-risk prostate cancer patients treated to the prostate and pelvic lymph nodes, target structures and organs at risk were delineated on both planning MR and CT scans and propagated using deformable registration to three T2 weighted MR scans acquired during the treatment course. Generated structures were evaluated against manual delineations on the repeated scans using intra-observer variation obtained on the planning MR as ground truth.

Results
MR-to-MR propagated structures had significant less median surface distance and larger Dice similarity index compared to CT-MR propagation. The MR-MR propagation uncertainty was similar in magnitude to the intra-observer variation. Visual inspection of the deformed structures revealed that small anatomical differences between organs in source and destination image sets were generally well accounted for while large differences were not.

Conclusion
Both CT and MR based propagations require manual editing, but the current results show that MR-to-MR propagated structures require fewer corrections for high risk prostate cancer patients treated at a high-field MRL.
Comparison between local infiltration analgesia with combined femoral and sciatic nerve block for pain management after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tian Yi , Tang Shuai , Sun Sijin , Zhang Yuelun , Chen Lin , Xia Di , Wang Yingli , Ren Liying , Huang Yuguang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is usually associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain. Peripheral nerve block (PNB) and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) are two major methods for postoperative analgesia. Femoral nerve block (FNB) leads to residual posterior knee pain; thus, currently sciatic nerve block (SNB) and LIA are two major options for supplementing FNB. However, the efficacy and safety of LIA compared with combined femoral and sciatic nerve block still remain controversial. Here, we conducted a study to analyze the postoperative analgesic efficacy of these two methods.

Method
Two hundred six patients undergoing TKA were enrolled in a retrospective cohort study. The patients received either PNB or LIA. All patients in PNB group were conducted combined femoral and sciatic nerve block. All patients were encouraged to use patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after surgery. The postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) at rest or with movement during the first 24 h and 48 h was recorded. We analyzed the VAS of 24 h, VAS of 48 h, opioid consumption, and adverse effects between PNB group and LIA group. Chi-square test and nonparametric test were used in this study.

Results
There were 82 patients in the PNB group and 124 patients in the LIA group. The patients’ characteristics such as age, height, weight, and ASA showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found (P > 0.05) between the two groups regarding VAS score at rest or with movement. The LIA group had less opioid consumption than the PNB group but without significant difference (P > 0.05). In both groups, the most common side effect was nausea, and the side effects showed no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Local infiltration analgesia provided a similar analgesic effect and complications compared with combined femoral and sciatic nerve block in the short term. Considering less opioid consumption with local infiltration analgesia though without significant difference and its convenience, local infiltration analgesia provided better postoperative analgesia.
Buprenorphine to reverse respiratory depression from methadone overdose in opioid-dependent patients: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Zamani Nasim , Buckley Nicholas A. , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Naloxone is the usual drug used in opioid-induced respiratory depression but it has a short half-life, precipitates withdrawal in dependent patients, and thus for persistent reversal of long-acting opioids has to be given by titrated doses and infusions. The partial agonist buprenorphine has a much longer duration of action and causes less severe withdrawal, but still should largely reverse respiratory depression induced by full agonist opioids. We aimed to compare the efficacy/safety of buprenorphine and naloxone in reversing respiratory depression in methadone-poisoned opioid-dependent patients.

Methods
Patients with methadone-induced respiratory depression were randomized to receive naloxone (titrated doses), or lower or higher doses of buprenorphine (10 μg/kg or 15 μg/kg). The primary outcome was immediate reversal of respiratory depression. We also recorded acute opioid withdrawal, need for intubation/recurrent apnea, repeated doses of opioid antagonists, length of hospital stay, other morbidity, and mortality. The study was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Trial ID: 18265; Approval code: IRCT2015011020624N1).

Results
Eighty-five patients were randomized; 55/56 patients who received buprenorphine had rapid reversal of respiratory depression, which persisted for at least 12 h. Naloxone was effective in 28/29 patients, but often required very high titrated doses (thus delaying time to respond) and prolonged infusions. Intubation (8/29 vs 5/56) and opioid withdrawal (15/29 vs 7/56) were less common with buprenorphine. There were no serious complications or deaths in those receiving buprenorphine. The 15-μg/kg buprenorphine dose appeared to provide a longer duration of action, but precipitated withdrawal more frequently than the 10-μg/kg dose.

Conclusion
Buprenorphine appears to be a safe and effective substitute for naloxone in overdosed opioid-dependent patients. Further studies are warranted to explore the optimal dosing strategy for buprenorphine to consistently maintain reversal of respiratory depression but not precipitate withdrawal.

Trial registration number
IRCT2015011020624N1. Registered 30 September 2015.
New class of G-Wolfe-type symmetric duality model and duality relations under $G_{f}$-bonvexity over arbitrary cones
Authors: Dubey Ramu , Kumar Arvind , Ali Rifaqat , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper is devoted to theoretical aspects in nonlinear optimization, in particular, duality relations for some mathematical programming problems. In this paper, we introduce a new generalized class of second-order multiobjective symmetric G-Wolfe-type model over arbitrary cones and establish duality results under $G_{f}$Gf-bonvexity/$G_{f}$Gf-pseudobonvexity assumptions. We construct nontrivial numerical examples which are $G_{f}$Gf-bonvex/$G_{f}$Gf-pseudobonvex but neither η-bonvex/η-pseudobonvex nor η-invex/η-pseudoinvex.
A stochastic Gronwall inequality in random time horizon and its application to BSDE
Authors: O Hun , Kim Mun-Chol , Pak Chol-Kyu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce and prove a stochastic Gronwall inequality in an (unbounded) random time horizon. As an application, we prove a comparison theorem for backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE for short) with random terminal time under a stochastic monotonicity condition.
The resonance behavior for the coupling of two Aw–Rascle traffic models
Authors: Hu Yanbo , Wang Guodong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBy studying the Riemann problem for the Aw–Rascle traffic model with different pressure laws, which is the coupling of two one-dimensional hyperbolic systems, we investigate the resonance phenomena. The main difficulty arises from the possible resonance behavior which may result in multiple solutions. We discover a new and interesting phenomenon showing that there exist infinitely many solutions for some certain initial data, which is quite different compared to earlier studies for the isentropic model of a fluid flow in a nozzle with variable cross-section and the shallow water equations with discontinuous topography. In order to overcome this difficulty, we impose the so-called TV-condition to obtain the uniqueness of solution to the Riemann problem.
Providing privacy preserving in next POI recommendation for Mobile edge computing
Authors: Kuang Li , Tu Shenmei , Zhang Yangqi , Yang Xiaoxian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPoint of interest (POI) recommendation can benefit users and merchants. It is a very important and popular service in modern life. In this paper, we aim to study the next new POI recommendation problem with the consideration of privacy preserving in edge computing. The challenge lies in capturing the transition patterns between POIs precisely and meanwhile protecting users’ location. In this paper, first, we propose to model users’ check-in sequences with their latent states based on HMM, and EM algorithm is used to estimate the parameters of the model. Second, we propose to protect users’ location information by a weighted noise injection method. Third, we predict users’ next movement according to his current location based on Forward algorithm. Experimental results on two large-scale LBSNs datasets show that our proposed model without noise injection can achieve better recommendation accuracy than several state-of-the-art techniques, and the proposed weighted noise injection approach can achieve better performance on privacy preserving than traditional one with a little cost on accuracy.
Current state of biogas production in Croatia
Authors: Petravić-Tominac Vlatka , Nastav Nikola , Buljubašić Mateja , Šantek Božidar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFor biogas production, different renewable feedstocks, e.g., feces, manure, silage, industrial by-products, and municipal waste, can be used. Biogas production from various renewable feedstocks has positive socioeconomic and environmental impact. In Europe, biogas is mainly used for generating heat and electricity. It consists of methane (55–70% by volume), carbon dioxide (30–45% by volume), and small amounts of other compounds. In some cases, biogas is upgraded to pure biomethane and utilized as vehicle fuel, instead of fossil fuels, thus reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. Biomethane can also serve as a platform chemical in chemical and biochemical synthesis to produce value-added products. The additional positive effects of anaerobic digestion of animal manure and slurries are organic waste degradation, reducing odors, and pathogens. Digestate, obtained as a by-product of anaerobic digestion, is rich in nutrients and therefore is applied as fertilizer in agriculture. Biogas production in Croatia is mainly based on manure and by-products from agriculture, food industry, and slaughterhouses. The obtained biogas is mostly used for electricity and heat generation. Potential for large-scale biogas production in Croatia is still insufficiently used, although various renewable feedstocks are available. More rational and focused management of lignocellulosic residues, animal excrements, food processing by-products, and biodegradable fraction of municipal waste could contribute to the development of Croatian biogas sector. Biogas production in Croatia can be affected by the changes of animal breeding capacity due to the struggle to cope with the European Union (EU) standards and prices. Concerning large unused agricultural areas, great potential lies in their rational exploitation for fast-growing biomass, e.g., for energy crops or perennial grasses. This review will discuss the potential of biogas in the industrial and farming sector, current state of biogas production, and various key drivers and barriers influencing biogas production in Croatia.
Executive functioning but not IQ or illness severity predicts occupational status in bipolar disorder
Authors: Drakopoulos Julia , Sparding Timea , Clements Caitlin , Pålsson Erik , Landén Mikael 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Bipolar disorder is associated with significant functional deficits including occupational functioning. Despite the high rates of unemployment and sick leave in the patient population, only a limited number of studies have examined factors associated with occupational functioning in bipolar disorder. The aim of the study was to investigate the relative importance of demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological factors on occupational dysfunction in bipolar disorder.

Methods
A sample of 120 partially or fully remitted bipolar disorder I and II patients were included in the study. Patients were stratified into an active and an inactive group based on the number of hours per week working or studying. Active (n = 86) and inactive (n = 34) patients were compared with respect to demographic factors, clinical characteristics, medication, measures of psychosocial functioning, and cognitive functioning (i.e., IQ and executive functions). No other cognitive domains were examined.

Results
Univariate analyses revealed better overall cognitive function in active patients in terms of IQ and executive functioning. However, only executive functioning accounted for a significant amount of the variance in occupational status when other significant predictors were taken into account.

Conclusions
Executive functioning was a more powerful predictor of occupational status in bipolar disorder patients than IQ and other clinical factors, including illness severity.