bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Basic Auditory Skills Evaluation Battery for Online Testing of Cochlear Implant Listeners
Authors: Shafiro Valeriy , Hebb Megan , Walker Chad , Oh Jasper , Hsiao Ying , Brown Kelly , Sheft Stanley , Li Yan , Vasil Kara , Moberly Aaron C. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Cochlear implant (CI) performance varies considerably across individuals and across domains of auditory function, but clinical testing is typically restricted to speech intelligibility. The goals of this study were (a) to develop a basic auditory skills evaluation battery of tests for comprehensive assessment of ecologically relevant aspects of auditory perception and (b) to compare CI listeners' performance on the battery when tested in the laboratory by an audiologist or independently at home.

Method
The battery included 17 tests to evaluate (a) basic spectrotemporal processing, (b) processing of music and environmental sounds, and (c) speech perception in both quiet and background noise. The battery was administered online to three groups of adult listeners: two groups of postlingual CI listeners and a group of older normal-hearing (ONH) listeners of similar age. The ONH group and one CI group were tested in a laboratory by an audiologist, whereas the other CI group self-tested independently at home following online instructions.

Results
Results indicated a wide range in the performance of CI but not ONH listeners. Significant differences were not found between the two CI groups on any test, whereas on all but two tests, CI listeners' performance was lower than that of the ONH participants. Principal component analysis revealed that four components accounted for 82% of the variance in measured results, with component loading indicating that the test battery successfully captures differences across dimensions of auditory perception.

Conclusions
These results provide initial support for the use of the basic auditory skills evaluation battery for comprehensive online assessment of auditory skills in adult CI listeners.
Examining Caregiver Knowledge of Shared Book Reading Practices for Infants and Toddlers Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: A Pilot Study
Authors: Farquharson Kelly , Babeu Carolyn 
Published: September 2020

PurposeParents of children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) often report difficulty engaging their children in successful reading experiences. Shared book reading (SBR) is associated with many aspects of language growth for children who are deaf and hard of hearing. The primary purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effectiveness of a 4-week training program in improving caregiver knowledge of emergent literacy features and SBR practices for deaf and hard-of-hearing children.MethodThree caregivers with infants or toddlers who were DHH attended a 4-week SBR training. Each week focused on a specific language or literacy construct taught within the context of a picture storybook. Pre- and posttest questionnaires were used to assess caregivers' knowledge of SBR and early literacy. An additional follow-up questionnaire was completed to rate self-perceived changes in confidence levels and overall satisfaction with the training.ResultsAll caregivers made gains in knowledge of shared-book reading practices. Caregivers reported increased confidence in their ability to implement SBR practices at home with their child who was DHH. Caregivers also shared important insight regarding ways in which this pilot program can be improved for the future.ConclusionsThis study contributes to the field by determining that knowledge gains and increased confidence can result from a brief caregiver training, as well as providing suggestive feedback for future trainings of this nature. Our supplemental materials include the PowerPoint files that were used for this training. Early identification of young children who are DHH and the provision of appropriate amplification or hearing technology, such as hearing aids or cochlear implants, has given children greater access to oral language. Early provision of services may provide families the support they need to become actively involved in promoting their child's linguistic development (Moeller, 2000). Family involvement, in the form of parent–child reading, has led to gains within receptive and expressive vocabulary, narrative skills, and later reading comprehension for children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH;Ezell et al., 2000;Hargrave & Sénéchal, 2000;Zevenbergen & Whitehurst, 2003). The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the extent to which a 4-week SBR training influences caregiver knowledge of important early literacy concepts and results in increased confidence levels in caregivers of infants and toddlers who are DHH.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12948830
Interprofessional Collaboration: Training Preservice Adapted Physical Education Teachers to Facilitate Peer Engagement Among Children With Disabilities
Authors: Daughrity Belinda , Bittner Melissa , Ocampo Alaine , Lavay Barry , Chevalier Shauna , Jimenez Susana , Le Andrew 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs) and adapted physical education (APE) teachers working in schools have a distinct opportunity to collaborate and serve students with communication and movement needs.MethodTwenty-three preservice APE teachers were given a brief presentation led by SLPs and then rated using a fidelity checklist during the duration of a summer physical activity camp for children with disabilities. A cumulative link mixed model was used to determine APE preservice teachers' ability to facilitate peer engagement and social interaction among children with disabilities within tasks related to their discipline following speech-language pathology training and live coaching.ResultsFollowing intervention, preservice APE teachers demonstrated significant gains in increasing peer engagement between campers with disabilities. In addition, observers rated the preservice APE teachers as more skilled in demonstrating comprehension of and implementing the engagement techniques.DiscussionResults indicate even a brief in-service from SLPs to APE preservice teachers can help them better recognize and support opportunities for peer engagement for children with disabilities while targeting tasks related to their discipline. Future research is warranted with a larger sample size to elucidate collaboration opportunities that promote optimal outcomes for children with needs across disciplines.
Colorectal Hamartoma Presenting As a Perineal Mass in a Boy with Proximal Hypospadias
Authors: Wolffenbuttel Katja P. , Sloots Cornelius E. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCongenital perineal lesions are rare and can occur along with other birth defects such as anorectal malformations (ARMs) and urogenital anomalies. A colorectal hamartoma associated with a urogenital anomaly without ARM is extremely rare. We recently treated a newborn with posterior hypospadias and a solid perineal mass diagnosed as a colorectal hamartoma.
Three Case Reports of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis with Intracardiac Extensions
Authors: Deng Yundan , Song Bing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare disease. Histologically, intravenous leiomyomatosis is a benign tumor, but its biological behavior can be malignant. The development of intracardiac extensions leads to congestive heart failure and occasionally sudden fatalities.
Case Description The cases of three patients treated at our university between 2017 and 2018 were studied retrospectively. Intravenous tumors extending into the right heart system were fully removed without perioperative complications or death. Only one tumor recurrence was observed during the followed-up period.
Conclusion The gold standard for the treatment of intravenous leiomyomatosis with intracardiac extension is complete and successful surgical resection.
Learning probabilistic neural representations with randomly connected circuits
Authors: Maoz Ori , Tkačik Gašper , Esteki Mohamad Saleh , Kiani Roozbeh , Schneidman Elad 
Published: September 2020

Significance
We present a theory of neural circuits’ design and function, inspired by the random connectivity of real neural circuits and the mathematical power of random projections. Specifically, we introduce a family of statistical models for large neural population codes, a straightforward neural circuit architecture that would implement these models, and a biologically plausible learning rule for such circuits. The resulting neural architecture suggests a design principle for neural circuit—namely, that they learn to compute the mathematical surprise of their inputs, given past inputs, without an explicit teaching signal. We applied these models to recordings from large neural populations in monkeys’ visual and prefrontal cortices and show them to be highly accurate, efficient, and scalable.
Non-dipole effect in vortex high-order harmonic generation
Authors: Wang Bincheng , Li Liang , Zhang Yinfu , Zhai Chunyang , Zhu Xiaosong , Lan Pengfei , Lu Peixiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We discuss the non-dipole effect in high-order harmonic generation from atoms driving by a linearly polarized vortex beam. Different from the selection rule under the dipole approximation, where only odd high harmonics are allowed, both even and odd harmonics are generated in the vortex beam. Moreover, the polarization states of the harmonics are modulated. Elliptically polarized high harmonics can be directly generated with a linearly polarized vortex beam. We show that these non-dipole effects arise from the orbital angular momentum and spin angular momentum of the vortex beam.
Quantizing viscous transport in bilayer graphene
Authors: Imran Muhammad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The momentum transport in ultraclean bilayer graphene is characterized by the viscous transport. In quantizing magnetic field the momentum current passes through the guiding center of the cyclotron orbit. In this study we derive the formula of the quantized Hall viscosity for bilayer graphene. This can be detected in the non-local magnetoresistivity measurements that varies with the quantized step. For weak magnetic field the Landau levels start overlapping and lead to the Shubnikov–de-Haas oscillations, superimposed on the classical formulae, reference Steinberg (1958 Phys. Rev.
109 1486). These oscillations are present in the longitudinal and Hall viscosities.
Correlation of elastic and optoelectronic properties near structural phase transition in organic–inorganic lead iodide perovskite single crystals
Authors: Zhevstovskikh Irina V , Averkiev Nikita S , Sarychev Maksim N , Semenova Olga I , Golyashov Vladimir A , Tereshchenko Oleg E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The experimental evidence of the influence of the structural phase transition on the elastic and optoelectronic properties of CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals has been reported. A peak in the attenuation for longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves and a step-like anomaly in their velocity have been found near the structural the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition (160 K). The narrow hysteresis observed in the temperature dependences of the elastic properties confirms that this is the first-order phase transition. A redshift of the absorption threshold (of about 110 meV) has been revealed both in the photocurrent (PC) and in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra with increasing temperature from 140 to 160 K. In the orthorhombic phase of CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals, the fine exciton structure in the PC spectrum has been found with an exciton binding energy of 19–25 meV. The peculiarities of the PC and PL spectra near the phase transition temperature (160 K) have been observed within a wider temperature range in contrast to the elastic anomalies that can be explained by the complex structure of the near-surface region. It may be essential for the further development of optoelectronic devices based on hybrid halide perovskites.
Seismic noise monitoring of a small rock block collapse test
Authors: Taruselli Marco , Arosio Diego , Longoni Laura , Papini Monica , Zanzi Luigi 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYWe tested the capability of seismic noise to monitor the stability conditions of a small rock block that we forced to fail in four following stages. Ambient vibrations were recorded with a broad-band 3C seismometer placed on top of the block and were processed to analyse their spectral and polarization characteristics with diverse algorithms. To analyse the spectral content of the records, we applied the multitaper method while seismic noise polarization features were investigated by means of the singular value decomposition of the Hermitian spectral density matrix. Numerical modelling was found to add limited value because of the uncertainty in estimating correctly spatial and mechanical features of the rock bridges between the block and the rock mass. Nevertheless, a modelling exercise we performed is in agreement with previous post-failure observations according to which unstable rocks may be coupled to the stable rock mass by rock bridges covering only a few per cent of the total surface of the fractures. Our analyses confirm that, when approaching final collapse, there is a trend of the block eigenmodes towards lower frequencies and show that polarized bands become narrower.
Effect of Vitamin A Deficiency in Dysregulating Immune Responses to Influenza Virus and Increasing Mortality Rates After Bacterial Coinfections
Authors: Penkert Rhiannon R , Smith Amanda P , Hrincius Eike R , McCullers Jonathan A , Vogel Peter , Smith Amber M , Hurwitz Julia L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Secondary bacterial coinfections are ranked as a leading cause of hospitalization and morbid conditions associated with influenza. Because vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and insufficiency are frequent in both developed and developing countries, we asked how VAD influences coinfection severity.

Methods
VAD and control mice were infected with influenza virus for evaluation of inflammatory cytokines, cellular immune responses, and viral clearance. Influenza-infected mice were coinfected with Streptococcus pneumoniae to study weight loss and survival.

Results
Naive VAD mouse lungs exhibited dysregulated immune function. Neutrophils were enhanced in frequency and there was a significant reduction in RANTES (regulated on activation of normal T cells expressed and secreted), a chemokine instrumental in T-cell homing and recruitment. After influenza virus infection, VAD mice experienced failures in CD4+ T-cell recruitment and B-cell organization into lymphoid structures in the lung. VAD mice exhibited higher viral titers than controls and slow viral clearance. There were elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and innate cell subsets in the lungs. However, arginase, a marker of alternatively activated M2 macrophages, was rare. When influenza-infected VAD animals were exposed to bacteria, they experienced a 100% mortality rate.

Conclusion
Data showed that VAD dysregulated the immune response. Consequently, secondary bacterial infections were 100% lethal in influenza-infected VAD mice.
An Immunodominant Epitope-Specific Monoclonal Antibody Cocktail Improves Survival in a Mouse Model ofStaphylococcus aureusBacteremia
Authors: Zeng Hao , Zhang Jinyong , Song Xu , Zeng Jiangmin , Yuan Yue , Chen Zhifu , Xu Limin , Gou Qiang , Yang Feng , Zeng Ni , Zhang Yi , Peng Liusheng , Zhao Liqun , Zhu Jiang , Liu Yuanyuan , Luo Ping , Zou Quanming , Zhao Zhuo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo date, no vaccine or monoclonal antibody (mAb) against Staphylococcus aureus has been approved for use in humans. Our laboratory has developed a 5-antigen S. aureus vaccine (rFSAV), which is now under efficacy evaluation in a phase 2 clinical trial. In the current study, using overlapping peptides and antiserum from rFSAV-immunized volunteers, we identified 7 B-cell immunodominant epitopes on 4 antigens in rFSAV, including 5 novel epitopes (Hla48-65, IsdB402-419, IsdB432-449, SEB78-95, and MntC7-24). Ten immunodominant epitope mAbs were generated against these epitopes, and all of them exhibited partial protection in a mouse sepsis model. Four robust mAbs were used together as an mAb cocktail to prevent methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain 252 infection. The results showed that the mAb cocktail was efficient in combating S. aureus infection and that its protective efficacy correlated with a reduced bacterial burden and decreased infection pathology, which demonstrates that the mAb cocktail is a promising S. aureus vaccine candidate.
Once-daily etravirine/raltegravir (400/800 mg q24h) dual therapy maintains viral suppression over 48 weeks in HIV-infected patients switching from a twice-daily etravirine/raltegravir (200/400 mg q12h) regimen
Authors: Palich Romain , Allavena Clotilde , Peytavin Gilles , Soulie Cathia , Tubiana Roland , Weiss Laurence , Montoya Ferrer Ana , Duvivier Claudine , Bouchaud Olivier , Bottero Julie , Durand Aurore , Lê Minh-Patrick , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Dudoit Yasmine , Assoumou Lambert , Katlama Christine ,   the ETRAL QD study group, Allavena C , Raffi F , Cavellec M , Soria A , Manyari E Paredes , Reynes J , Ferrer A Montoya , Tramoni C , Fernandez C , Duvivier C , Lourenço J , Louisin C , Touam F , Bouchaud O , Traore L , Bottero J , Kaykay F Mfutila , Benmammar A , Weiss L , Effa J , Ptak M , Valantin M A , Tubiana R , Schneider L , Blanc C , Lenclume L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Etravirine/raltegravir dual therapy has been shown to be highly effective as a twice-daily (q12h) regimen in suppressed HIV-infected patients enrolled in the ANRS-163 study.

Objectives
As a once-daily (q24h) regimen is easier for daily life, we aimed to evaluate the capacity of etravirine/raltegravir (400/800 mg) q24h to maintain viral suppression in patients on etravirine/raltegravir q12h.

Methods
Patients on a suppressive etravirine/raltegravir q12h regimen for at least 96 weeks were switched to etravirine/raltegravir q24h in this prospective, multicentre, open-label, single-arm study. Primary outcome was the rate of virological failure (VF: confirmed pVL &gt;50 copies/mL, single pVL &gt;400 copies/mL or single pVL &gt;50 copies/mL with ART change) at Week 48 (W48). Secondary outcomes included treatment strategy success rate (no VF and no treatment discontinuation), regimen tolerability, plasma drug concentrations and resistance profile in the case of VF.

Results
A total of 111 patients were enrolled, with a median (IQR) age of 57 years (52–62), CD4 count of 710 cells/mm3 (501–919) and viral suppression for 7.9 years (5.9–10.7). Two patients experienced viral rebound at W24 and W48, leading to a VF rate of 2.0% (95% CI 0.5–7.8) at W48, associated with INSTI resistance in one case. Both had past NNRTI mutations. Ten patients discontinued treatment for adverse events (n = 2), investigator or patient decisions (n = 3), lost to follow-up (n = 3), death (n = 1) or pregnancy (n = 1). Overall, the strategy success rate was 89% (95% CI 81.5–93.6) at W48. In a subgroup of 64 patients, median (IQR) plasma C24h concentrations were 401 ng/mL (280–603) for etravirine and 62 ng/mL (31–140) for raltegravir.

Conclusions
Switching patients virally suppressed on etravirine/raltegravir q12h to the same regimen but given q24h was highly effective in maintaining virological suppression in HIV-infected patients.
Quantitative Determination of AZD3264, a Selective Ikb-Kinase IKK2 Inhibitor, in Dog Plasma by Solvent-Induced Phase Transition Extraction Coupled with HPLC-MS/MS and its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study in Dogs
Authors: Li Gang , Liang Shuofu , Qiao Kesen , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
AZD3264 is a small molecule inhibitor of selective IkB-kinase IKK2 currently in preclinical development for the potential treatment of asthma and chronic pulmonary obstructive disorder.

Objective
A method for the quantitative analysis of AZD3264 was established and optimized by using HPLC tandem mass spectrometry in dog plasma.

Method
Plasma samples were pretreated using a solvent-induced phase transition extraction method with a methanol solution of omeprazole as the internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed using a Thermo Hypersil GOLD-C18 (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) column with the temperature maintained at 25°C. Mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile in a gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Mass spectrometric detection was carried out in selected reaction monitoring mode with positive electrospray ionization, and the mass transitions of AZD3264 and omeprazole were m/z 442.1 → 425.0 and m/z 346.0 → 198.0, respectively.

Results
The intra-batch accuracy was within 95.11–105.06% and the precision was within 6.50–9.98%. The inter-batch accuracy was within 96.83–102.80% with a precision of 7.62–9.50%. The selectivity, sensitivity, linearity, dilution linearity, extraction recovery and matrix effect, stability, and carry-over met all requirements of the guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. AZD3264 showed linear pharmacokinetic characteristics following intravenous administration to dogs at 0.3–2.7 mg/kg.

Conclusions
The developed and validated method was successfully employed in pharmacokinetic studies in dogs following intravenous administration at the doses of 0.3, 0.9, and 2.7 mg/kg.

Highlights
This was the first investigation of the in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of AZD3264 in dogs by LC-MS/MS with SIPTE method for plasma sample preparation.
The GT-Stem in Ugaritic and The Middle Voice Semantic Domain*
Authors: Notarius Tania 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The traditional definition of the Gt-stem in Ugaritic in terms of detransitive or reflexive functions does not give justice to its actual functional scope. The Gt-stem is a self-benefactive affectedness pat-tern that promotes an animate Agent to the syntactic position of subject; Gt verbs are as a rule dynamic, agentive and transitive. The stem functions differently in the poetic and prosaic registers of the language. The main functions of the stem are autobenefactive, direct reflexive, indirect reflexive, reciprocal and denominative. The auto-benefactive is proportionally distributed in the two principle registers; the direct reflexive, indirect reflexive, reciprocal and denominative are exclusively poetic usages. The anticausative or resultant interpretations (which occurs very rarely and only in sentences with an inanimate subject) are found in prose. Altogether, in spite of its basically conservative character, Ugaritic provides interesting indications of the development by which the Gt-stem enriched its middle voice semantics.