bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using age difference and sex similarity to detect evidence of sibling influence on criminal offending
Authors: Mikkonen Janne , Savolainen Jukka , Aaltonen Mikko , Martikainen Pekka 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundSibling resemblance in crime may be due to genetic relatedness, shared environment, and/or the interpersonal influence of siblings on each other. This latter process can be understood as a type of ‘peer effect’ in that it is based on social learning between individuals occupying the same status in the social system (family). Building on prior research, we hypothesized that sibling pairs that resemble peer relationships the most, i.e., same-sex siblings close in age, exhibit the most sibling resemblance in crime.MethodsDrawing on administrative microdata covering Finnish children born in 1985–97, we examined 213 911 sibling pairs, observing the recorded criminality of each sibling between ages 11 and 20. We estimated multivariate regression models controlling for individual and family characteristics, and employed fixed-effects models to analyze the temporal co-occurrence of sibling delinquency.ResultsAmong younger siblings with a criminal older sibling, the adjusted prevalence estimates of criminal offending decreased from 32 to 25% as the age differences increased from less than 13 months to 25–28 months. The prevalence leveled off at 23% when age difference reached 37–40 months or more. These effects were statistically significant only among same-sex sibling pairs (p < 0.001), with clear evidence of contemporaneous offending among siblings with minimal age difference.ConclusionsSame-sex siblings very close in age stand out as having the highest sibling resemblance in crime. This finding suggests that a meaningful share of sibling similarity in criminal offending is due to a process akin to peer influence, typically flowing from the older to the younger sibling.
Impact of Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators on the Psychosocial Functioning of Paediatric Patients
Authors: Bozat Ali Dinc , Akgül Sinem , Ertugrul İlker , Karagoz Tevfik 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough implanted cardiac devices improve patients’ physical health, long-term psychosocial effects especially in the paediatric population are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial effects of cardiac devices in a paediatric population.Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQoL) was used to evaluate life quality, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale was used to evaluate resilience and Brief Symptom Inventory was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms in a paediatric population with cardiac devices.Seventy-one patients were enrolled in the study. Fifty of them (70.5%) had a cardiac pacemaker and 21 of them (29.5%) had implantable cardioverter defibrillator. When compared to the control group both implantable cardioverter defibrillator and pacemaker using patients had lower quality of life (79.5 ± 12.4 versus 86.7 ± 12.1, p = 0.001) but no difference was observed in resilience and psychological pathologies. Age, gender, family size, and education level had no effect on quality of life. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator bearing patients had higher levels of anxiety than pacemaker patients (0.58 versus 0.30 p = 0.045), and implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients who had received shock in the last year had higher levels of somatisation than the group that did not receive device shock (0.17 versus 0.44 p = 0.022).In conclusion study showed that cardiac devices have negative effects on the psychosocial health of children. Cardiologist working with these patients should be aware of these pathologies and monitor not only physical health but also psychosocial health too.
Tumour control probability of a UK cohort of lung SABR patients
Authors: Marsden J. E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAims:The aim of this work is to report on the tumour control probability (TCP) of a UK cohort of lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy patients (n = 198) for a range of dose and fractionations common in the UK.Materials and methods:TCP values for 3 (54 Gy), 5 (55 and 60 Gy) and 8 (50 Gy) fraction (#) schemes were calculated with the linear-quadratic Marsden TCP model using the Biosuite software.Results:TCP values of 100% were computed for the 3 # and for 5 # (α/β = 10 Gy) cohorts; reduced to 99% (range 97–100) for the 5 # cohort only when an α/β of 20 Gy was used. The average TCP value for the 50 Gy in 8 # regime was 97% (range 92–99, α/β = 10 Gy) and 64% (range 48–79, α/β = 20 Gy). Statistical significant differences were observed between the α/β of 10 Gy versus 20 Gy groups and between all data grouped by fraction.Conclusion:TCPs achievable with current planning techniques in the UK have been presented. The ultra-conservative 50 Gy in 8 # scheme returns a significantly lower TCP than the other regimes.
TRACTARIAN LOGICISM: OPERATIONS, NUMBERS, INDUCTION
Authors: LANDINI GREGORY 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn his Tractatus, Wittgenstein maintained that arithmetic consists of equations arrived at by the practice of calculating outcomes of operations$\Omega ^{n}(\bar {\xi })$defined with the help of numeral exponents. Since$Num$(x) and quantification over numbers seem ill-formed, Ramsey wrote that the approach is faced with “insuperable difficulties.” This paper takes Wittgenstein to have assumed that his audience would have an understanding of the implicit general rules governing his operations. By employing the Tractarian logicist interpretation that theN-operator$N(\bar {\xi })$and recursively defined arithmetic operators$\Omega ^{n}(\bar {\xi })$are not different in kind, we can address Ramsey’s problem. Moreover, we can take important steps toward better understanding how Wittgenstein might have imagined emulating proof by mathematical induction.
Caring forpobres dementes:Madness, Colonization, and the Hospital de San Hipólito in Mexico City, 1567–1700
Authors: Ramos Christina 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThis article examines the early history of the Hospital de San Hipólito in Mexico City, which delivered charitable care and basic medical services to a vulnerable category of colonial subjects known as “pobres dementes,”or mad paupers. In spite of the vast and robust literature on the history of madness and its institutions, surprisingly little is known about this institution, which, founded in 1567, holds a claim to being the first hospital of the Americas to specialize in the care and custody of the mentally disturbed. The article draws on archival sources and biographies of the hospital's founder to reconstruct San Hipólito's origins, activities, patient population, and interior life. It asks how the hospital registered the transfer and adaptation of institutions, ideas, and practices from the Old World to the New. It argues, ultimately, that San Hipólito served as an imperfect tool of colonial governance—and that it did so less through exerting control over a multiracial, recalcitrant, and marginal group of colonial society than through the reproduction of charitable practices and ideas that lent legitimacy to Catholicism and Hapsburg models of paternal authority.
Discovery of Reidite in the Lunar Meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir 169
Authors: Xing Weifan , Lin Yangting , Zhang Chi , Zhang Mingming , Hu Sen , Hofmann Beda A. , Sekine Toshimori , Xiao Long , Gu Lixin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn exceedingly small number of high‐pressure polymorphs have been discovered in lunar samples. This situation does not seem to reconcile with the prolonged, intense bombardment of the lunar surface, which should produce suitable conditions for the formation of such polymorphs. Here we report the discovery of reidite, a high‐pressure polymorph of ZrSiO4 with scheelite structure in lunar meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir (SaU) 169. The reidite occurs mainly as lamellae hosted within zircon, likely corresponding to a deviatoric‐dominated transformation. The presence of reidite in the regolith portion of SaU 169 indicates a narrow temperature and pressure path constrained by the phase stability under low pressure and suggests heterogeneous shock features in the porous lunar regolith where the ambient temperature increases much higher than that in compact rocks. The inventory of high‐pressure polymorphs might be restricted by such unusual cooling processes lunar samples experienced.
Vertical Inhomogeneity Effect of Frozen Hydrometeor Habits in All‐Sky Passive Microwave Simulations
Authors: Xie Hejun , Bi Lei , Han Wei , Wang Jincheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, we attempted to address the frozen hydrometeor habit vertical inhomogeneity (FHHVI) effects on microwave radiative transfer simulations. For simplification, we focused on a “two habits and two layers” FHHVI scheme in which two different ice habits can be assumed to be above and below a fixed habit boundary line of 325 hPa as suggested by studies of tropical cyclone vertical structure. The aforementioned FHHVI scheme was implemented into a radiative transfer for the Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) operational vertical sounder (RTTOV), which allows for close examination of the FHHVI effect on the radiative transfer process. Four scenarios (thin plate, dendrite, thin plate over dendrite, and dendrite over thin plate) were considered in the simulations at frequencies ranging from 10 to 183 GHz. We found that FHHVI has an obvious impact on the brightness temperature (BT) simulations. For real case studies, we considered the 2018 tropical cyclone Jebi in the Western Pacific basin. The hydrometeor profiles forecasted by the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) regional numerical weather prediction (NWP) model were used, and the simulated results were compared with observations from the instruments aboard on the Fengyun‐3D satellite, which recorded 61 overpasses during the life span of typhoon Jebi. We found that the overall performance of the BT simulations over multichannels could be improved by considering FHHVI effects. Specifically, the total penalty values that quantify the spectral consistency were 63.05 (dendrite), 43.88 (thin plate), 46.23 (dendrite over thin plate), and 39.03 (thin plate over dendrite), respectively.
Evolution of the Oligotrophic West Pacific Warm Pool During the Pliocene‐Pleistocene Boundary
Authors: Bali Himanshu , Gupta Anil K. , Mohan Kuppusamy , Thirumalai K. , Tiwari Sameer K. , Panigrahi Mruganka K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the development of oligotrophic conditions, thickening, and zonal and meridional contraction of the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) during the Pliocene. It has been hypothesized that the evolution of the WPWP and the establishment of strong equatorial Pacific zonal gradients are closely related to the narrowing of the Indonesian Gateway (IG) as well as the closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS). However, the timing of the development of these events remains unclear. Here we report Pliocene‐to‐Recent relative abundances of planktic foraminifera at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 214 in the eastern Indian Ocean and at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 807, in the western Pacific. A comparison of the abundance of mixed‐layer species (MLS) from both sites indicates a pronounced increase in their population between ~3.15 and 1.6 Ma. There is a contemporaneous decrease in the Globigerinita glutinata population during this time, which together with the MLS data suggest the development of oligotrophic conditions in the western tropical Pacific. Our data suggest that the oligotrophic WPWP, resembling present‐day conditions, developed around 3.15 Ma and was closely linked to the gradual constriction of the IG.
SPATA33 is an autophagy mediator for cargo selectivity in germline mitophagy
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xu Xu , Hu Mengxin , Wang Xin , Cheng Hanhua , Zhou Rongjia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSelective autophagic degradation of mitochondria (mitophagy) is important in maintaining proper cellular homeostasis. Here, we found that SPATA33 is a novel autophagy mediator for mitophagy in testis. The SPATA33 protein localizes on mitochondria via its binding of the carboxyl terminal with the outer mitochondrial membrane protein VDAC2. Upon starvation induction, SPATA33 is recruited to autophagosome by binding the autophagy machinery ATG16L1 via its N-terminal along with mitochondria. Notably, Spata33 knockout inhibited autophagy and overexpression can promote autophagosome formation for mitochondrial sequestration. Therefore, SPATA33 confers selectivity for mitochondrial degradation and promotes mitophagy in male germline cells.
Simultaneous BOLD-fMRI and constant infusion FDG-PET data of the resting human brain
Authors: Jamadar Sharna D. , Ward Phillip G. D. , Close Thomas G. , Fornito Alex , Premaratne Malin , O’Brien Kieran , Stäb Daniel , Chen Zhaolin , Shah N. Jon , Egan Gary F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSimultaneous [18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging (FDG-PET/fMRI) provides the capability to image two sources of energetic dynamics in the brain – cerebral glucose uptake and the cerebrovascular haemodynamic response. Resting-state fMRI connectivity has been enormously useful for characterising interactions between distributed brain regions in humans. Metabolic connectivity has recently emerged as a complementary measure to investigate brain network dynamics. Functional PET (fPET) is a new approach for measuring FDG uptake with high temporal resolution and has recently shown promise for assessing the dynamics of neural metabolism. Simultaneous fMRI/fPET is a relatively new hybrid imaging modality, with only a few biomedical imaging research facilities able to acquire FDG PET and BOLD fMRI data simultaneously. We present data for n = 27 healthy young adults (18–20 yrs) who underwent a 95-min simultaneous fMRI/fPET scan while resting with their eyes open. This dataset provides significant re-use value to understand the neural dynamics of glucose metabolism and the haemodynamic response, the synchrony, and interaction between these measures, and the development of new single- and multi-modality image preparation and analysis procedures.
Assessment of the course of acute pancreatitis in the light of aetiology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bálint Emese Réka , Fűr Gabriella , Kiss Lóránd , Németh Dávid István , Soós Alexandra , Hegyi Péter , Szakács Zsolt , Tinusz Benedek , Varjú Péter , Vincze Áron , Erőss Bálint , Czimmer József , Szepes Zoltán , Varga Gábor , Rakonczay Zoltán 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main causes of acute pancreatitis (AP) are biliary disease, alcohol consumption, hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of these aetiological factors on the severity and outcome of AP. Pubmed and Embase were searched between 01/01/2012 and 31/05/2020. Included articles involved adult alcoholic, biliary, HTG- or post-ERCP AP (PAP) patients. Primary outcome was severity, secondary outcomes were organ failures, intensive care unit admission, recurrence rate, pancreatic necrosis, mortality, length of hospital stay, pseudocyst, fluid collection and systematic inflammatory response syndrome. Data were analysed from 127 eligible studies. The risk for non-mild (moderately severe and severe) condition was the highest in HTG-induced AP (HTG-AP) followed by alcoholic AP (AAP), biliary AP (BAP) and PAP. Recurrence rate was significantly lower among BAP vs. HTG-AP or AAP patients (OR = 2.69 and 2.98, 95% CI 1.55–4.65 and 2.22–4.01, respectively). Mortality rate was significantly greater in HTG-AP vs. AAP or BAP (OR = 1.72 and 1.50, 95% CI 1.04–2.84 and 0.96–2.35, respectively), pancreatic necrosis occurred more frequently in AAP than BAP patients (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.08–2.30). Overall, there is a potential association between aetiology and the development and course of AP. HTG-AP is associated with the highest number of complications. Furthermore, AAP is likely to be more severe than BAP or PAP. Greater emphasis should be placed on determining aetiology on admission.
Comorbidity profile of patients with concurrent diagnoses of asthma and COPD in Germany
Authors: Akmatov Manas K. , Ermakova Tatiana , Holstiege Jakob , Steffen Annika , von Stillfried Dominik , Bätzing Jörg 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of concurrent diagnoses of asthma/COPD and examine its full spectrum of comorbid disorders in Germany. We used nationwide outpatient claims data comprising diagnoses of all statutory health insurees (40+ years) in 2017 (N = 40,477,745). The ICD-10 codes J44 (COPD) and J45 (asthma) were used to identify patients. The odds of 1,060 comorbid disorders were examined in a case–control study design. Of all insurees, 4,632,295 (11%) were diagnosed with either asthma or COPD. Of them, 43% had asthma only, 44% COPD only and 13% both diseases. The prevalence of concurrent asthma/COPD was 1.5% with a slightly higher estimate among females than males (1.6% vs. 1.4%) and constant increase by age in both sexes. Comorbid disorders were very common among these patients. 31 disorders were associated with a strong effect size (odds ratio > 10), including other respiratory diseases, but also bacterial (e.g., mycobacteria, including tuberculosis) and fungal infections (e.g., sporotrichosis and aspergillosis). Patients with concurrent asthma/COPD suffer from comorbid disorders involving various body systems, which points to the need of a multidisciplinary care approach. Regular screening for common comorbid disorders may result in better clinical course and prognosis as well as improvement of patients’ quality of life.
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum 1,3-β-d-glucan testing for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosis in hematological patients: the role of factors affecting assay performance
Authors: Weinbergerova Barbora , Kabut Tomas , Kocmanova Iva , Lengerova Martina , Pospisil Zdenek , Kral Zdenek , Mayer Jiri 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvasive fungal disease (IFD) early diagnosis improves hematological patient survival. Non-culture-based methods may reduce diagnostic time to identify IFD. As complex data on the value of 1,3-β-d-glucan (BDG) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to serum for the most frequent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) diagnosis are scarce, particularly including evaluation of potential factors adversely affecting BDG assay, we provided prospective single-center analysis evaluating 172 episodes of pulmonary infiltrates with BDG detection in BALF and serum samples collected in parallel among hematological patients from 2006 to 2015. Proven and probable IPA were documented in 13.4% of the episodes. Sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative predictive value (PPV; NPV), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of the BDG assay using standard (80 pg/ml) cut-off for BALF were: 56.5%; 83.2%; 34.2%; 92.5%, and 6.5, respectively, and for serum were: 56.5%; 82.6%; 33.3%; 92.5%, and 6.2, respectively. The same BDG assay parameters employing a calculated optimal cut-off for BALF (39 pg/ml) were: 78.3%; 72.5%; 30.5%; 95.6%, and 9.5, respectively; and for serum (40 pg/ml) were: 73.9%; 69.1%; 27.0%; 94.5%, and 6.3, respectively. While identifying acceptable SEN, SPE, and DOR, yet low PPV of both BALF and serum BDG assay for IPA diagnosis, neither the combination of both materials nor the new optimal BDG cut-off led to significant test quality improvement. Absolute neutrophil count and aspirated BALF volume with a significant trend affected BDG assay performance. The BDG test did not outperform galactomannan assay.
teiresias, a Fruitless target gene encoding an immunoglobulin-superfamily transmembrane protein, is required for neuronal feminization in Drosophila
Authors: Sato Kosei , Ito Hiroki , Yamamoto Daisuke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aims at identifying transcriptional targets of FruitlessBM (FruBM), which represents the major isoform of male-specific FruM transcription factors that induce neural sexual dimorphisms. A promoter of the axon-guidance factor generobo1carries the 16-bp palindrome motif Pal1, to which FruM binds. Our genome-wide search for Pal1-homologous sequences yielded ~200 candidate genes. Among these, CG17716 potentially encodes a transmembrane protein with extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains similar to Robo1. Indeed, FruBM overexpression reduced CG17716 mRNA and protein expression. In thefru-expressing mAL neuron cluster exhibiting sexual dimorphism, we found that CG17716 knockdown in female neurons completely transformed all neurites to the male-type. Conversely, CG17716 overexpression suppressed male-specific midline crossing offru-expressing sensory axons. We renamed CG17716teiresias(tei) based on this feminizing function. We hypothesize that Tei interacts with other Ig superfamily transmembrane proteins, including Robo1, to feminize the neurite patterns in females, whereas FruBM repressesteitranscription in males.
Veränderung der Wahrnehmung männlicher Attraktivität im Alter durch Standard- oder männliche Gesichtsstraffung: 3D-Simulationsstudie eines neuen Facelift-Konzeptes für Männer
Authors: Leifeld Irini H. , Sorg Christian G.G. , Tilkorn Daniel J. , Steiert Andreas E. , Hauser Jörg , Sorg Heiko 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Facelift ist mittlerweile der vierthäufigste ästhetische Eingriff beim Mann. Die Gesichtsalterung verläuft bei Männern und Frauen sehr unterschiedlich. Somit werden individuelle Techniken angewendet, da ein einheitliches Konzept für die operative Gesichtsstraffung beim Mann bisher fehlt. Ziel der Studie ist es, ein genderspezifisches, speziell für Männer entwickeltes Facelift-Konzept zu evaluieren.
Material und Methoden Frauen und Männer (je n = 10) wurden einem dreidimensionalen Gesichtsscan und einer anschließenden Simulation eines V-förmigen Liftvektors (Standardlift) und einem neuen Facelift-Konzept speziell für Männer in doppelter T-Form (Male Lift) unterzogen. In einer Online-Umfrage mit 262 Teilnehmern wurden sowohl die simulierten als auch die unveränderten Bilder präsentiert und die Attribute Männlichkeit, Weiblichkeit, Attraktivität und Jugendlichkeit abgefragt. Statistische Modelle wurden verwendet, um entsprechende Attribute der Straffungen sowie weitere Faktoren zu identifizieren und Unterschiede der Simulationen zu ermitteln.
Ergebnisse Verjüngende Veränderungen im Gesicht sind generell mit einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Attribute Jugendlichkeit und Attraktivität im Vergleich zu unveränderten Kontrollgesichtern verbunden. Wie erwartet führt ein Male Lift zur Maskulinisierung, während ein Standardlift zur Feminisierung führt; unabhängig vom Geschlecht der Probanden. Das Male Lift zeigte höhere Werte für das Attribut Attraktivität bei männlichen, ebenso wie das Standardlift bei weiblichen Probanden. Das für Frauen entwickelte und somit für Frauen auch besser geeignete Standardlift ist mit einer deutlich höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Attribut Jugendlichkeit verbunden, während dies beim neu eingeführten Male Lift-Konzept nicht so stark ausgeprägt beurteilt wird.
Schlussfolgerung Das neue Facelift-Konzept für männliche Patienten ist signifikant mit den Merkmalen Männlichkeit und Attraktivität verbunden, während das für Frauen geeignete Standardlift mit deutlich höheren Bewertungen der Attribute Weiblichkeit und Jugendlichkeit einhergeht. Die Ergebnisse der SIMALIFT-Studie sind der erste Beweis für die Notwendigkeit einer differenzierteren, geschlechtsspezifischen Herangehensweise an ein Facelift.