bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aversive Emotion Activates Orexin Neurons and Induces Tachycardia in Freely Moving Mice
Authors: Yamashita Akira , Moriya Shunpei , Nishi Ryusei , Kaminosono Jun , Yamanaka Akihiro , KUWAKI Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stress affects the sensory and negative emotional components in the brain and causes autonomic responses and aversive emotion. However, the possible roles for the negative emotional component remain largely unclear. The perifornical area of the hypothalamus has been known as the center for the defense response, or fight-or-flight response, which is characterized by a concomitant rise in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. Orexin neurons located in that region are suggested to be a critical population responsible for that response. In this study, we examined the suggestion by recording orexin neuronal activity and heart rate in freely moving mice using an original dual-channel fiber photometry system in vivo. Association analysis between orexin neuronal activity and aversive stress-induced autonomic responses revealed a rapid increase in neuronal activity just prior to changes in heart rate. In addition, we examined whether orexin neurons would be activated by a conditioned neutral sound that was previously associated with aversive stimulus. We show that the negative emotional memory indeed activated orexin neurons and increased heart rate. Our data suggest that orexin neurons are the key component required to receive aversive emotion and link it with an autonomic defense response. Our data also suggest that targeting orexin neurons may enable treatment of psychiatric disorders that result from chronic stress and occur long after the original sensory inputs are gone.
Closing The Know-Do Gap for Child Health: UNICEF’s Experiences From Embedding Implementation Research in Child Health and Nutrition Programming
Authors: Jackson Debra J , Shahabuddin ASM , Sharkey Alyssa , Kallander Karin , Muniz Maria , Mwamba Remy , Nyankesha Elevanie , Scherpbier Robert , Hasman Andreas , Balarajan Yarlini , Albright Kerry , Adele Priscilla , Peterson Stefan Swartling 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
UNICEF operates in 190 countries and territories where it advocates for the protection of children's rights, help meet children’s basic needs and reach their full potential. Embedded Implementation Research (IR) is an approach to health systems strengthening in which: a) generation and use of research is led by decision makers and implementers, b) local context, priorities, and system complexity are taken into account, and c) research is an integrated and systematic part of decision-making and implementation. By addressing research questions of direct relevance to programs, embedded IR increases the likelihood of evidence‐informed policies and programs, with the ultimate goal of improving child health and nutrition. This paper presents UNICEF’s embedded IR approach, describes its application, to challenges and lessons learned, and considers implications for future work.From 2015, UNICEF has collaborated with global development partners (e.g. WHO, USAID), governments and research institutions to conduct embedded IR studies in over 25 high burden countries. These studies focused on a variety of programs, including immunization, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, birth registration, nutrition, and newborn and child health services in emergency settings. The studies also used a variety of methods, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods. UNICEF has found that this systematically embedding research in programs to identify implementation barriers can address concerns of implementers in country programs and support action to improve implementation. In addition, it can be used to test innovations , in particular applicability of approaches for introduction and scaling of programs across different contexts (e.g., geographic, political, physical environment, social, economic, etc.). UNICEF aims to generate evidence as to what implementation strategies will lead to more effective programs and better outcomes for children, accounting for local context and complexity, and as prioritized by local service providers. The adaptation of implementation research theory and practice within a large, multi-sectoral program has shown positive results in UNICEF supported programmes for children and taking them to scale.
Antiplasmodial Potential of Indonesian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Bialangi Nurhayati , Mustapa Mohamad Adam , Salimi Yuszda K , Musa Weny J.A , Widiyantoro Ari , Situmeang Boima , Sianturi Julinton 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Species A. paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees known as″ Sambiloto ″ and P. pellucida L. Kunth known as″ Suruhan ″ are mainly distributed in Indonesia and their combination was used as a traditional medicine for treating malaria diseases. However, no information appears to have evaluated the antiplasmodial potential of the two plants. This research aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of the two plants and the species P. pellucida L. Kunth alone as a source of antiplasmodial agent. Methods: In vitro test of the AP-PP and PP extracts against Pf D-10 (chloroquine-sensitive) were performed as described by Desjardins et al. An in vivo test of the PP extract in mice infected with Pb ANKA was performed using Peters´ 4-day suppressive test. Parasitemia, growth and inhibition rates were determined via Giemsa-stained smear of blood and analyzed microscopically. Survival was followed up until day 21 post-infection.Results: The increased ratio of the PP extract (20:80) exhibited significant antiplasmodial in contrast to the high ratio of the AP extract (IC50, 62.01 mg/mL). Further evaluation of the PP extract alone displayed better antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 value of 4.0 mg/mL. Furthermore, an in vivo test of the PP extract in BALB/c albino mice infected with Pb ANKA exhibited a significant chemosuppressive effect in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: The increased ratio of the PP extract exhibited a major contribution for their activity. The PP extract alone showed better antiplasmodial activity than the AP extract and their combination. An in vivo test confirmed the efficacy of the PP extract in mouse model.
Enhancement of Rotator Cuff Tendon-bone Healing with Graphene Oxide/PRP Composite Scaffold in a Rabbit Model: A Histological and Biomechanical Study
Authors: Qin Bo , Bao Dingsu , Zeng Shengqiang , Deng Kai , Liu Gang , Xiong Zhengrong , Gong Min , He Siyuan , Shi Jie , Wang Xun , Lu Zhiqiang , Fu Shijie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can improve tendon-bone healing (TBH) after rotator cuff surgical repair. Graphene Oxide (GO) is a steady, controlled, and sustained carrier. The purpose of this study is to determine whether GO/PRP Composite Scaffold enhances the TBH after RC surgical repair in a rabbit model.Methods: A full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon was created and repaired in 36 adult male New Zealand rabbits. They were divided into three groups: Control group, PRP group, and GO/PRP Composite Scaffold group (GO group). The effect of GO/PRP Composite Scaffold on TBH was assessed using histological and biomechanical evaluations at 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively.Results: Histological analysis showed that greater continuity, better orientation, and more density of collagen fiber were detected in the GO group than PRP and Control groups at 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. Results of biomechanical evaluations showed that the load to failure and stiffness of the GO group were statistically higher than those of PRP and Control groups at both 8 and 12 weeks (P<0.05). Compared with 8 weeks in the GO group, there was no significant difference in load to failure at 12 weeks (P>0.05), while the stiffness at 12 weeks was higher than that at 8 weeks (P<0.05). Conclusions: These results demonstrated that GO/PRP Composite Scaffold enhanced the TBH following rotator cuff surgical repair in a rabbit model. The GO may be an effective carrier for PRP into repair sites.
Development and Validation of a&nbsp;Novel Quality Control Methodology on Screening Out for Human Osteosarcoma Cell Aptamers
Authors: Wang Hua , Liang Ji , Ma Yan , Zhou Lei , Zhang Yufei , Li Mingcheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: We have successfully established an aptamer library for recognition of human osteosarcoma cell using the cell-SELEX method. However, we found that the quality monitoring become a key, resulting in success or failure in the screening process. The study aims to establish an accurate, time-saving quality-monitoring method in screening for tumour cell aptamers in order to shorten the screening process and ensure the accurate preparation of the aptamer. Methods: Two kinds of human osteosarcoma cells (U2-OS, HOS) were selected as the forward screening target cells and human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080) as the reverse screening cells to screen the aptamers from the candidate oligonucleotide library. In each round of preparation of the library, PCR was optimised by using quantitative template concentration instead of percentage volume. Each round of forward screening was conducted with reverse screening; Fluorescence spectroscopy and flow cytometry were used to monitor and compare the aptamer libraries. Results: During quantitative PCR for U2-OS and HOS template, the results showed that the bands obtained from 14 cycles were bright and no non-specific amplification within the optimal template concentrations between 19.0 and 21.0ng/µl. Each round of forward screening was accompanied by reverse screening to accelerate the elimination of non-specific single-strand DNA (ssDNA). In the meanwhile, the aptamer groups were effectively purified specifically bounding to target cells. Besides, we observed that the fluorescence spectroscopy is more accurate, time-saving, and convenient for quality control compared with flow cytometry. Conclusion: The method proposed in the study is appropriate for the rapid screening out for human osteosarcoma cell aptamers. The quantitative template concentration, forward screening with back screening, and fluorescence spectroscopy are important methods for accurate preparation and quality control of tumour cell aptamers. It can provide scientific reference data for the amplification of dsDNAs in other sub-libraries.
Full-Endoscopic Anterior Odontoid Screw Fixation: A Novel Technique and Technical Report
Authors: Kotheeranurak Vit , Jitpakdee Khanathip , Pholprajug Phattareeya , Pruttikul Pritsanai , Singhatanadgige Weerasak , Limthongkul Worawat , Kim Jin-Sung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Odontoid fractures are common among cervical spine fractures and are categorized into three types. Unstable type II fractures are among the most challenging to treat, and the best treatment approach has been debated. Anterior odontoid screw fixation, a surgical treatment option, yields a high union rate and helps preserve cervical motion; however, there are risks for approach-related complications. Here, we report a novel minimally invasive technique of full-endoscopic anterior odontoid fixation (FEAOF).Methods: The authors introduce the technique and describe in detail the technical approach of FEAOF for the surgical treatment of type II odontoid fractures.Conclusions: FEAOF is a feasible and effective option for treating type II odontoid fractures. The procedure is less invasive than other techniques and provides clear direct visualization of the involved structures.Level of Evidence: Not applicable
Overexpressing PLA2G6 mutations cause symptoms of young–onset dystonia–parkinsonism type 14
Authors: Yeh Tu-Hsueh , Liu Han-Fang , Cheng Mei-Ling , Huang Yin-Cheng , Huang Ying-Zu , Lu Chin-Song , Chiu Ching-Chi , Chen Hao-Yuan , Cheng Yi-Chuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative motor disorder, which is currently incurable. Mutations in many genes have been demonstrated to be the primary risk factors associated with the familial or idiopathic PD; however, the mechanisms underlying these genetic mutations resulting in parkinsonism remains unclear. Phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6) has been shown to regulate lipid metabolism and homeostasis in the nervous system. Previous studies have shown that point mutations in PLA2G6 might be the risk factors associated with the young–onset of dystonia–parkinsonism type 14 (PARK14). However, limited information is available regarding its pathogenic role and the mechanism underlying its function.
The macroscopic shape of assemblies formed from microparticles based on host–guest interaction dependent on the guest content
Authors: Itami Takahiro , Hashidzume Akihito , Kamon Yuri , Yamaguchi Hiroyasu , Harada Akira 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Biological macroscopic assemblies have inspired researchers to utilize molecular recognition to develop smart materials in these decades. Recently, macroscopic self-assemblies based on molecular recognition have been realized using millimeter-scale hydrogel pieces possessing molecular recognition moieties. During the study on macroscopic self-assembly based on molecular recognition, we noticed that the shape of assemblies might be dependent on the host–guest pair. In this study, we were thus motivated to study the macroscopic shape of assemblies formed through host–guest interaction. We modified crosslinked poly(sodium acrylate) microparticles, i.e., superabsorbent polymer (SAP) microparticles, with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and adamantyl (Ad) residues (βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles, respectively, where x and y denote the mol % contents of βCD and Ad residues). Then, we studied the self-assembly behavior of βCD(x)-SAP and Ad(y)-SAP microparticles through the complexation of βCD with Ad residues. There was a threshold of the βCD content in βCD(x)-SAP microparticles for assembly formation between x = 22.3 and 26.7. On the other hand, the shape of assemblies was dependent on the Ad content, y; More elongated assemblies were formed at a higher y. This may be because, at a higher y, small clusters formed in an early stage can stick together even upon collisions at a single contact point to form elongated aggregates, whereas, at a smaller y, small clusters stick together only upon collisions at multiple contact points to give rather circular assemblies. On the basis of these observations, the shape of assembly formed from microparticles can be controlled by varying y.
Baseflow estimation in typical catchments in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Hu Caihong , Zhao Dong , Jian Shengqi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Baseflow is crucial to maintaining river flow during low-rainfall periods. The baseflow estimation is important to water supply and ecological environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), China. This paper comprehensively assessed the applicability of four single-parameter digital filtering, recursive digital filtering, and HYSEP (streamflow hydrograph separation) methods across four typical catchments in the Yellow River Basin: the Zuli River Basin, the Kuye River Basin, the Tuwei River Basin, and the Jingle sub-basin. We also investigated annual and monthly variations in baseflow. We found the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of baseflow index through recursive digital filter were relatively small. And the baseflow process line was smoother and more reasonable in typical year and typical storm-flood events, which conformed to the damping and hysteresis effect of the underlying surface. Thus the recursive digital filter method had the best performance, which was recommended for baseflow separation in the YRB. The estimated baseflow index of typical basins were between 0.354 and 0.502. In addition, inter-annual baseflow showed a decreasing trend and intra-annual baseflow was characterized by uneven distribution, which was subject to the characteristics of each basin.
Towards a standardization of biomethane potential tests: a commentary
Authors: Holliger Christof , Astals Sergi , de Laclos Hélène Fruteau , Hafner Sasha D. , Koch Konrad , Weinrich Sören 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Inter-laboratory reproducibility of biomethane potential (BMP) is dismal, with differences in BMP values for the same sample exceeding a factor of two in some cases. A large group of BMP researchers directly addressed this problem during a workshop held in Leysin, Switzerland, in June 2015. The workshop resulted in a new set of guidelines for BMP tests published in 2016, which is the subject of the present commentary. The work has continued with two international inter-laboratory studies and one additional workshop held in Freising, Germany, in 2018. The dataset generated by the two inter-laboratory studies were used to refine the validation criteria for BMP tests. Based on these new results an update to the original guidelines is proposed here.
Advances in Biomedical Application of Nanocellulose-Based Materials: A Review
Authors: Yuan Qi , Bian Jing , Ma Ming-Guo 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Recently, there has been increasing interest in nanomaterials processed
using renewable and sustainable resources. Nanocellulose-based materials are of
paramount value in the applications of biomedicine owing to their tailorable surface modification,
favorable optical transparency, good hydrophilicity, excellent biocompatibility,
and outstanding mechanical properties.

Objective:
In the review, the recent advancements of nanocellulose, including cellulose
nanofibers (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial cellulose (BC), are summarized,
which are promising for biomedical applications.

Results:
By discussing different forms (one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D),
and three-dimensional (3D)), the superiority of the nanocellulose-based materials with
different constructed structures will be clarified for various biomedical applications, such
as biosensing, drug delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering.

Conclusion:
The challenges and prospects for the future development of nanocellulose-
based materials in biomedical applications are also discussed at the end of the review.
Do Abnormal IPO Audit Fees Signal IPO Audit Quality and Post-IPO Performance? A Principal-Agent Analysis Based on Evidence from China
Authors: Chan K. Hung , Mo Phyllis Lai Lan , Zhang Weiyin 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
We assess the unexplained information content of abnormal audit fees using a sample of initial public offering (IPO) audits in China. We find that abnormal IPO audit fees are positively associated with manipulation of pre-IPO real activities, suggesting lower audit quality for IPO financial statements. We further find that abnormal IPO audit fees are negatively associated with post-IPO financial performance. These results suggest a strong alignment of interests between the principal (pre-IPO shareholders), whose main interest is to gain listing status, and its agent (the auditor), who is willing to cooperate with the principal for extra economic rents (abnormal audit fees). Our findings that abnormal IPO audit fees are associated with lower audit quality and can help predict post-IPO financial performance have important implications for audit regulators, IPO market participants, and the applicability of agency theory in the context of IPO audits.
JEL Classifications: M43; M49.
Russian Conservative Romanticism Concept of Andrzej Walicki
Authors: Maslin Mikhail A. , Volkonskaya Alena A. 
Published: December 2020

The present article gives a review of the book “In the Circle of Conservative Utopia. Structure and Metamorphoses of Russian Slavophilism” by the world-known historian of Russian thought and member of the Polish Academy of Sciences Andrzej Walicki, that was published in Russian translation one year before the death of its author. The book is based on the original author’s conception of Russian conservatism reflecting the national peculiarities of Russian philosophy in the 18th and 19th centuries. According to Walicki, the essence of conservatism consists not in the legitimism and protection of the existing social and state order, but in the certain worldview and thinking style that oppose liberalism and rationalistic philosophy of the Enlightenment represented as various concepts of conservative philosophic romanticism. Those concepts were reflected in the ideas of the Slavophils A. Grigoriev, V. Odoevsky, K. Leontiev, A. Herzen, V. Soloviev and others.
Desenvolvimento e utilização de recursos educacionais abertos no grupo PET Saúde/ Interprofissionalidade - Redes de atenção da UFPR
Authors: Gritten Marcel Pereira , Signorini Liana , Souza Maria Gabriela Rodrigues de , Heiden Nicolle Boell , Rosa Leandra , Lima Allan Kardec de , Lourenço Rafaela Gessner 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Os Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA) são definidos como materiais de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, publicados sob licença aberta ou em domínio público. Por isso, são caracterizados como um bem comum, com pouca ou nenhuma limitação de direito autoral. Visam promover a equidade na educação, tornando-a inclusiva e de qualidade, mediante colaboração e compartilhamento de conhecimento de forma gratuita1. Objetivo: relatar a experiência da criação de dois materiais educativos publicados como Recursos Educacionais Abertos no Repositório Digital da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Metodologia: trata-se de um relato de experiência de natureza descritiva. Resultados: Os REAs foram desenvolvidos nos meses de abril e junho de 2020 e orientados pelos princípios de colaboração e interatividade dos meios digitais. O primeiro REA, elaborado em formato de cartilha e intitulado “Manual de Tubos de Coleta de Sangue”, foi criado como proposta de intervenção em um dos equipamentos de saúde do município de Curitiba em que se desenvolvem atividades de preceptoria do grupo PET Saúde/Interprofissionalidade – Rede de Atenção. Esse REA contempla os principais tubos de coleta de sangue utilizados na rotina ambulatorial, abordando a finalidade e importância de cada um, para garantir a viabilidade das amostras e a qualidade dos resultados laboratoriais. Esse material atingiu, até agosto de 2020, 161 visualizações, sendo 70% (112) delas de alcance internacional2. O segundo REA, em formato de cartilha, “Diagnóstico Laboratorial do Coronavírus (Sars-Cov-2) (agente etiológico da COVID-19)”, mostra os princípios, vantagens e as principais diferenças entre os dois principais métodos laboratoriais utilizados para o diagnóstico da COVID-19: o teste molecular (RT-PCR em tempo real) e o teste sorológico (teste rápido). Com impacto semelhante, tal publicação obteve 179 visualizações, sendo a maioria delas 84% (150) realizadas em outros países3. Esse material objetiva oferecer suporte a acadêmicos, profissionais de saúde e à comunidade externa sobre temática relevante da atualidade. Considerações Finais: A utilização da modalidade de Educação Aberta apresenta vantagens como, o custo reduzido, promoção da ampliação do acesso à educação e o alcance global das publicações, conforme foi observado nos REA produzidos e disponibilizados pela equipe do PET Redes de Atenção da UFPR. Dessa forma, além de priorizar a difusão do conhecimento produzido em suas atividades, a equipe buscou novas maneiras de contribuir para o debate e intercâmbio entre diferentes teias da produção científica.
Palavras-chave: Educação Continuada. Educação Interprofissional. Materiais de Ensino.