bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for giant adrenal tumours
Authors: Giordano Alessio , Alemanno Giovanni , Bergamini Carlo , Valeri Andrea , Prosperi Paolo 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Giant adrenal tumours are tumours with size ≥6 cm. These are rare cancer associated with malignancy in 25% of cases.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of patients admitted to our high-volume centre of Careggi University Hospital with a giant adrenal tumour and submitted to adrenalectomy between January 2008 and December 2018. The group of patients who underwent to laparoscopic adrenalectomy was compared with a group of patients that was submitted to open adrenalectomy.

Results:
In the past 10 years, we performed about 245 adrenalectomies for benign and malignant adrenal tumours. Fifty (20.4%) of these were giant tumours. The medium size was 9.9 cm (7–22 cm). The mean age was 57 years (21–81 years). Thirty-four (68%) of these cancers were laparoscopically removed and 16 (32%) with an open approach. The surgical outcomes in these patients were optimal if compared to the group of patients submitted to open approach in terms of good pain control, hospital stay, mean operative time and bloodless. No difference was observed about post-operative complications in the two groups. The follow-up after 30 months for malignant tumours did not show local recurrences.

Conclusion:
Our results pinpoint the advantages of performing a laparoscopic adrenalectomy for giant adrenal tumours. The tumour size is only a predictive parameter of possible malignancy, and the laparoscopic approach is a safe and feasible method in terms of surgical and oncological, only if performed by expert surgeons and in high-volume centres.
Extension Property and Universal Sets
Authors: Kosiński Łukasz , Zwonek Włodzimierz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMotivated by works on extension sets in standard domains, we introduce a notion of the Carathéodory set that seems better suited for the methods used in proofs of results on characterization of extension sets. A special stress is put on a class of two-dimensional submanifolds in the tridisc that not only turns out to be Carathéodory but also provides examples of two-dimensional domains for which the celebrated Lempert Theorem holds. Additionally, a recently introduced notion of universal sets for the Carathéodory extremal problem is studied and new results on domains admitting (no) finite universal sets are given.
Moduli Spaces of Metrics of Positive Scalar Curvature on Topological Spherical Space Forms
Authors: Reiser Philipp 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLet $M$ be a topological spherical space form, i.e., a smooth manifold whose universal cover is a homotopy sphere. We determine the number of path components of the space and moduli space of Riemannian metrics with positive scalar curvature on $M$ if the dimension of $M$ is at least 5 and $M$ is not simply-connected.
Aportes socioculturales signifcativos del movimiento LGBTI salvadoreño: en el ámbito laboral
Authors: Osegueda Carlos Felipe , Hernandez Miguel Ángel , Morales-Zaldaña Moisés Aarón , Santos-Herrera Francisca 
Published: February 2020

En este documento se analiza los inicios y surgimiento del movimiento LGTBI en El Salvador y la relevancia que han tenido en el proceso histórico de reivindicación de derechos humanos desde la perspectiva laboral como aporte a la cultura salvadoreña. La visibilizacion que reclamada al Estado, como parte de la igualdad de género, los logros que desde el 2010 han venido fortaleciendo y consolidado en políticas inclusivas por medio de las personerías jurídicas. Especialmente la incidencia que los grupos AMATE, El Salvador y ENTRE AMIGOS tienen sobre las personas que no se identifican ni pertenecen a ningún grupo relacionado a la diversidad sexual cuáles son sus propuestas de cambio para mejorar y fomentar la tolerancia, respeto y convivencia social.
The Relationship of Megazoobenthos Association with Seagrass Ecosystem Conditions in Ujung Genteng Waters, Sukabumi
Authors: Rachman Gilang Primanagita , Riyantini Indah , Hasan Zahidah , Hamdani Herman 
Published: February 2020

Seagrass beds in Ujung Genteng waters are one of the shallow marine ecosystems that have relatively high biodiversity. Seagrass ecosystem as one of the coastal ecosystems in these waters has a diversity of marine life that is associated with it. The purpose of this study was to establish the association pattern and the correlation of mega zoobenthos to seagrass ecosystem conditions. The method used was a survey method by conducting a survey direct observation of the stations that have been determined. Three seagrass species were identified, namely: Thallasia hemprichii, Cymodoceae rotundata and Enhalus acoroides. The highest density of seagrass was found in station 2 with the type of seagrass Thallasia hemprichii as much as 207 ind/m2. Fifteen mega zoobenthos species were identified representing 3 phyla. Species Mega zoobenthos which is most commonly found in Ujung Genteng waters is Ophiothrix fragilis, Ophiocoma erinaceus, and Diadema setosum. The mega zoobenthos Diversity Index at the observation station is included in the medium category that is 2.33-2.66 and the evenness index is 0.63-0.84. Correlation of seagrass density with mega zoobenthos obtained by 0.92 shows that there is a very strong relationship between seagrass density with mega zoobenthos. The result shows that there are 4 patterns of close association and 2 patterns of very close association. Ophiocoma erinaceus of the ophiuroidea class has a pattern of very close positive associations with seagrass Cymodoceae rotundata and Dendrodoris sp of the order nudibranchia has a pattern of very close negative associations with seagrass Cymodoceae rotundata.
The Effects of Neem Wood Ash on Soil Characteristics and Seedling Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)
Authors: Arshad Sadaf , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Shafiq Muhammad , Athar Mohammad , Kabir Muhammad , Farooqi Zia-ur-Rehman 
Published: February 2020

The burning of wood in industrial activities discharge a large amount of wood ash and affecting on the environment. The effects of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) wood ash on seedling growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) was recorded. The data reveals significant (p<0.05) effects of neem ash on the shoot length and seedling length of cowpea with the increase in the concentration of neem wood ash treatment up to 20%. The results also showed the significant (p<0.05) decrease in leaf weight ratio of cowpea as the wood ash concentration increase in substrate as compared to without ash treatment (control).
The effects of neem wood ash treatment on physical and chemical characteristics of soil including organic matter (%), pH of soil, calcium carbonate (%), chloride (meq/L), maximum water holding capacity (%) of soil, electrical conductivity (mS/cm), bulk density (g/cm3), sodium and potassium content (µg/g) content of soil was found. The wood ash produced changes in physical and chemical soil characteristic viz. organic matter (%), pH of soil, water content (%), calcium carbonate (%), chloride (meq/L), maximum water holding capacity (%), electrical conductivity (mS/cm), bulk density (g/cm3), sodium and potassium content (µg/g) content of soil.
Wood ash treatment affected physical and chemical poperies of soil which in turn results decreased seedling growth performance of cow pea.
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL ABILITY OF FIRST-TIME HOME BUYERS ON HOUSE PRICES WITH PARENTAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
Authors: Haryono Alvin Januar , Anastasia Njo , Rahardjo Jani 
Published: February 2020

Rumah merupakan salah satu kebutuhan primer. Membeli rumah merupakan salah satu keputusan penting dalam rumah tangga karena nilainya yang besar dan merupakan nilai terbesar dalam portofolio aset keluarga. Namun keterbatasan finansial menjadi salah satu penghambat dalam suatu keluarga untuk membeli rumah. Oleh sebab itu perlunya bantuan finansial orang tua dalam pembelian rumah pertama anaknya. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterlibatan orang tua dalam proses pendanaan pembelian rumah pertama anaknya serta seberapa besar pengaruh bantuan finansial orang tua kepada anaknya dalam membeli rumah pertama kali. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang tua terlibat dalam pembelian rumah pertama kali untuk anaknya sesuai dengan pendapatannya dan bentuk bantuan yang diberikan. Dari 212 responden, sebagian besar yaitu sebanyak 72,2% orang tua terlibat dalam proses pendanaan rumah pertama anaknya. Rata-rata besar kontribusi bantuan finansial orang tua sebesar 44,4% dari harga rumah.

The house is one of the primary needs. Buying a home is one of the important decisions in a household because it has a large value and is the biggest value in a family's asset portfolio. But financial limitations become one of the obstacles in a family to buy a house. Therefore the need for financial assistance from parents for the first time buying a home for their children. So this study aims to determine the involvement of parents in the process of funding their first-time home purchase and how much influence the financial assistance of parents to their children in first-time buying a home. The results of this study indicate that parents are involved in first-time home purchases for their children according to their income and the form of assistance provided. From 212 respondents, the majority of which is as much as 72.2% of parents involved in the first-time home funding process for their children. The average contribution of parents' financial assistance was 44.4% of the price of the house.
The Chemistry of Reticular Framework Nanoparticles: MOF, ZIF, and COF Materials
Authors: Ploetz Evelyn , Engelke Hanna , Lächelt Ulrich , Wuttke Stefan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNanoparticles have become a vital part of a vast number of established processes and products; they are used as catalysts, in cosmetics, and even by the pharmaceutical industry. Despite this, however, the reliable and reproducible production of functional nanoparticles for specific applications remains a great challenge. In this respect, reticular chemistry provides methods for connecting molecular building blocks to nanoparticles whose chemical composition, structure, porosity, and functionality can be controlled and tuned with atomic precision. Thus, reticular chemistry allows for the translation of the green chemistry principle of atom economy to functional nanomaterials, giving rise to the multifunctional efficiency concept. This principle encourages the design of highly active nanomaterials by maximizing the number of integrated functional units while minimizing the number of inactive components. State‐of‐the‐art research on reticular nanoparticles—metal‐organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks—is critically assessed and the beneficial features and particular challenges that set reticular chemistry apart from other nanoparticle material classes are highlighted. Reviewing the power of reticular chemistry, it is suggested that the unique possibility to efficiently and straightforwardly synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles should guide the synthesis of customized nanoparticles in the future.
Multivalent Aptamer Functionalized Ag2S Nanodots/Hybrid Cell Membrane‐Coated Magnetic Nanobioprobe for the Ultrasensitive Isolation and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Ding Caiping , Zhang Cuiling , Cheng Shasha , Xian Yuezhong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) play key roles in the development of tumor metastasis. It remains a significant challenge to capture and detect CTCs with high purity and sensitivity from blood samples. Herein, a nanoplatform is developed for the efficient isolation and ultrasensitive detection of CTCs by combining near‐infrared (NIR) multivalent aptamer functionalized Ag2S nanodots with hybrid cell membrane‐coated magnetic nanoparticles. Multivalent aptamer functionalized Ag2S nanodots are synthesized using a one‐pot method under mild conditions (60 °C). White blood cell and tumor cell membranes are fused as the hybrid membrane and coated with magnetic nanoparticles, which are further modified with streptavidin (SA). Through the specific interaction of SA‐biotin, the multivalent aptamer‐Ag2S nanodots are grafted with hybrid cell membrane‐magnetic nanoparticles. Due to the features of hybrid cell membrane modification, multivalent aptamer functionalization, magnetic separation, and NIR fluorescence measurements, the nanoplatform shows sensitive recognition, efficient capture, easy isolation, and sensitive detection of CTCs due to its great enhancement in anti‐interference from background and improvement on binding ability toward CTCs. The capture efficiency and purity for CTCs is as high as 97.63% and 96.96%, respectively. Furthermore, the nanoplatform is successfully applied to the detection of CTCs in blood samples.
Co–Ferrocene MOF/Glucose Oxidase as Cascade Nanozyme for Effective Tumor Therapy
Authors: Fang Chao , Deng Zheng , Cao Guodong , Chu Qiang , Wu Yulian , Li Xiang , Peng Xinsheng , Han Gaorong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT), enabling selective therapeutic effects and low side effect, attracts increasing attention in recent years. However, limited intracellular content of H2O2 and acid at the tumor site restrains the lasting Fenton reaction and thus the anticancer efficacy of CDT. Herein, a nanoscale Co–ferrocene metal–organic framework (Co‐Fc NMOF) with high Fenton activity is synthesized and combined with glucose oxidase (GOx) to construct a cascade enzymatic/Fenton catalytic platform (Co‐Fc@GOx) for enhanced tumor treatment. In this system, Co‐Fc NMOF not only acts as a versatile and effective delivery cargo of GOx molecules to modulate the reaction conditions, but also possesses excellent Fenton effect for the generation of highly toxic •OH. In the tumor microenvironment, GOx delivered by Co‐Fc NMOF catalyzes endogenous glucose to gluconic acid and H2O2. The intracellular acidity and the on‐site content of H2O2 are consequently promoted, which in turn favors the Fenton reaction of Co‐Fc NMOF and enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that this cascade enzymatic/Fenton catalytic reaction triggered by Co‐Fc@GOx nanozyme enables remarkable anticancer properties.
Removing the Obstacle of Dye‐Sensitized Upconversion Luminescence in Aqueous Phase to Achieve High‐Contrast Deep Imaging In Vivo
Authors: Liang Tao , Wang Qirong , Li Zhen , Wang Peipei , Wu Junjie , Zuo Miaomiao , Liu Zhihong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have drawn increasing attention for their unique photophysical characteristics, they suffer from a bottleneck of low luminescence efficiency due to the poor absorption coefficient of Ln3+. Dye sensitization has provided thousands‐fold enhancement of upconversion luminescence (UCL) in organic solvents because of the remarkably improved light absorption ability, but the sensitization of UCL in aqueous phase is only less than 20 folds by far, with unknown restrictive factors. Herein, the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) of dyes is revealed as the most important reason limiting dye sensitization in aqueous phase, and the problem is circumvented through delicately modulating the physical properties of dyes and their assembly manner with UCNPs. By further alleviating energy back transfer (EBT) from Ln3+ to dyes, more than 600‐fold enhancement of UCL is achieved in aqueous phase. The as‐obtained dyes modified UCNPs show good biocompatibility and high signal contrast when applied for deep in vivo imaging.
Supramolecular Photonic Elastomers with Brilliant Structural Colors and Broad‐Spectrum Responsiveness
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Tan Haiying , Jia Lizhen , Zhong Rui , Peng Bolun , Zhou Jiacheng , Xu Jiangping , Xiong Bijin , Zhang Lianbin , Zhu Jintao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotonic elastomers (PEs) that can tune their colors through adjusting the lattice spacing of incorporated colloidal particles during mechanical deformation have shown great promise in visualized strain/stress sensors. However, the unsatisfactory structural color and narrow‐spectrum responsiveness limit their broad applications. Herein, carbon‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@C NPs) with a high refractive index (RI) and broad light absorption are employed for the construction of PEs with brilliant colors and broad‐spectrum responsiveness by incorporating the Fe3O4@C NPs into amino‐terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (amino‐PDMS) polymer through supramolecular interactions. The inherent light‐absorbing property, high RI, and supramolecular‐induced short‐range ordered arrangement of Fe3O4@C NPs imparts the PEs with brilliant and angle‐independent structural color. By optimizing the content of Fe3O4@C NPs in the PEs, broad‐spectrum responsiveness (stopband shifting ≈223 nm) and excellent recovery properties under a large strain can be achieved. The dynamic and reversible interaction endows the PEs with a healable capability. More interestingly, the incorporated Fe3O4@C NPs with photothermal capability can effectively absorb light and convert it into heat under light irradiation (solar light or near‐infrared laser), accelerating healing of the damaged PEs. This study provides a new strategy for bioinspired construction of PEs for applications in the fields of sensing, colorful coating, and display.
Maladaptive Contractility of 3D Human Cardiac Microtissues to Mechanical Nonuniformity
Authors: Wang Chenyan , Koo Sangmo , Park Minok , Vangelatos Zacharias , Hoang Plansky , Conklin Bruce R. , Grigoropoulos Costas P. , Healy Kevin E. , Ma Zhen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCardiac tissues are able to adjust their contractile behavior to adapt to the local mechanical environment. Nonuniformity of the native tissue mechanical properties contributes to the development of heart dysfunctions, yet the current in vitro cardiac tissue models often fail to recapitulate the mechanical nonuniformity. To address this issue, a 3D cardiac microtissue model is developed with engineered mechanical nonuniformity, enabled by 3D‐printed hybrid matrices composed of fibers with different diameters. When escalating the complexity of tissue mechanical environments, cardiac microtissues start to develop maladaptive hypercontractile phenotypes, demonstrated in both contractile motion analysis and force‐power analysis. This novel hybrid system could potentially facilitate the establishment of “pathologically‐inspired” cardiac microtissue models for deeper understanding of heart pathology due to nonuniformity of the tissue mechanical environment.
Flexible All‐Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells with High‐Performance Nonfullerene Active Layers
Authors: Sun Lulu , Zeng Wenwu , Xie Cong , Hu Lin , Dong Xinyun , Qin Fei , Wang Wen , Liu Tiefeng , Jiang Xueshi , Jiang Youyu , Zhou Yinhua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAll‐solution‐processed organic solar cells (from the bottom substrate to the top electrode) are highly desirable for low‐cost and ubiquitous applications. However, it is still challenging to fabricate efficient all‐solution‐processed organic solar cells with a high‐performance nonfullerene (NF) active layer. Issues of charge extraction and wetting are persistent at the interface between the nonfullerene active layer and the printable top electrode (PEDOT:PSS). In this work, efficient all‐solution‐processed NF organic solar cells (from the bottom substrate to the top electrode) are reported via the adoption of a layer of hydrogen molybdenum bronze (HXMoO3) between the active layer and the PEDOT:PSS. The dual functions of HXMoO3 include: 1) its deep Fermi level of −5.44 eV can effectively extract holes from the active layer; and 2) the wetting issues of the PEDOT:PSS on the hydrophobic surface of the NF active layer can be solved. Importantly, fine control of the HXMoO3 composition during the synthesis is critical in obtaining processing orthogonality between HXMoO3 and the PEDOT:PSS. Flexible all‐solution‐processed NF organic solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of 11.9% and 10.3% are obtained for solar cells with an area of 0.04 and 1 cm2, respectively.
Hydrogen‐Free and Dendrite‐Free All‐Solid‐State Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Longtao , Chen Shengmei , Li Na , Liu Zhuoxin , Tang Zijie , Zapien Juan Antonio , Chen Shimou , Fan Jun , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn ionic‐liquid‐based Zn salt electrolyte is demonstrated to be an effective route to solve both the side‐reaction of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and Zn‐dendrite growth in Zn‐ion batteries. The developed electrolyte enables hydrogen‐free, dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping over 1500 h cycle (3000 cycles) at 2 mA cm–2 with nearly 100% coulombic efficiency. Meanwhile, the oxygen‐induced corrosion and passivation are also effectively suppressed. These features bring Zn‐ion batteries an unprecedented long lifespan over 40 000 cycles at 4 A g–1 and high voltage of 2.05 V with a cobalt hexacyanoferrate cathode. Furthermore, a 28.6 µm thick solid polymer electrolyte of a poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) film filled with poly(ethylene oxide)/ionic‐liquid‐based Zn salt is constructed to build an all‐solid‐state Zn‐ion battery. The all‐solid‐state Zn‐ion batteries show excellent cycling performance of 30 000 cycles at 2 A g–1 at room temperature and withstand high temperature up to 70 °C, low temperature to –20 °C, as well as abuse test of bending deformation up to 150° for 100 cycles and eight times cutting. This is the first demonstration of an all‐solid‐state Zn‐ion battery based on a newly developed electrolyte, which meanwhile solves the deep‐seated hydrogen evolution and dendrite growth problem in traditional Zn‐ion batteries.
Structure‐Controlled Li Metal Electrodes for Post‐Li‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Jin Dahee , Park Joonam , Ryou Myung‐Hyun , Lee Yong Min 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLi dendrite formation deteriorates cyclability and poses a safety hazard, hindering the widespread use of Li metal as the ultimate anode material for post‐Li‐ion batteries. Hence, the underlying reasons of this phenomenon and ways to suppress it have been extensively investigated, which has resulted in the establishment of corresponding theoretical models and their practical applications. Herein, several representative models (e.g., the Chazalviel model) of Li dendrite growth are explained, and the key technologies of structure‐controlled framework and Li metal usage allowing to realize low local current densities and improved electrochemical performance are covered with the practical (dis)advantages due to material characteristics, electrode and cell design, and even manufacturing processes. In particular, the use of Li metal powder and patterned Li metal is discussed in conjunction with corresponding applications (e.g., protection layers, functional additives, and salts in the electrolyte) and advantages.