bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User Perception of a Smartphone App to Promote Physical Activity Through Active Transportation: Inductive Qualitative Content Analysis Within the Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) Study
Authors: Lindqvist Anna-Karin , Rutberg Stina , Söderström Emmie , Ek Anna , Alexandrou Christina , Maddison Ralph , Löf Marie 
Published: August 2020

Background
Physical inactivity is globally recognized as a major risk factor for morbidity, particularly the incidence of noncommunicable diseases. Increasing physical activity (PA) is therefore a public health priority. Engaging in active transportation (AT) is a viable approach for promoting daily PA levels. Mobile health interventions enable the promotion of AT to a larger population. The Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) study was a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the ability of a behavior change program delivered via a smartphone app to motivate participants to increase their PA by engaging in AT.

Objective
This qualitative study aims to examine the acceptance and user experience of the app promoting AT that was used in the SCAMPI trial (the TRavelVU Plus app).

Methods
A total of 17 residents of Stockholm County (13 women; age range 25-61 years) who completed the 3-month app-based behavioral change program (delivered through the TRavelVU Plus app) in the SCAMPI randomized controlled trial during 2018 agreed to participate in a semistructured telephone-based interview. These participants were well representative of the whole intervention group (n=127) in terms of baseline characteristics such as age, sex, and area of residence. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an inductive qualitative content analysis.

Results
The content analysis revealed 2 themes and 4 subcategories. The first theme, “main motivators: monitoring and messages,” highlighted that monitoring AT and being able to set weekly goals using the app were the primary motivators reported by study participants. The second theme, “acceptable but modifiable,” reflects that the app was well accepted and effectively encouraged many participants to use more AT. Nevertheless, there were functions in the app that require modification. For example, while the semiautomated travel tracking feature was appreciated, participants found it time-consuming and unreliable at times.

Conclusions
This study contributes novel insight into adults’ experiences of using a mobile app to promote the use of AT. The results showed that the app was well accepted and that self-monitoring and goal setting were the main motivators to engage in more AT. The semiautomated tracking of AT was appreciated; however, it was also reported to be energy- and time-consuming when it failed to work. Thus, this feature should be improved going forward.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03086837; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03086837

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5658-4
Using Item Response Theory for Explainable Machine Learning in Predicting Mortality in the Intensive Care Unit: Case-Based Approach
Authors: Kline Adrienne , Kline Theresa , Shakeri Hossein Abad Zahra , Lee Joon 
Published: August 2020

Background
Supervised machine learning (ML) is being featured in the health care literature with study results frequently reported using metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall, or F1 score. Although each metric provides a different perspective on the performance, they remain to be overall measures for the whole sample, discounting the uniqueness of each case or patient. Intuitively, we know that all cases are not equal, but the present evaluative approaches do not take case difficulty into account.

Objective
A more case-based, comprehensive approach is warranted to assess supervised ML outcomes and forms the rationale for this study. This study aims to demonstrate how the item response theory (IRT) can be used to stratify the data based on how difficult each case is to classify, independent of the outcome measure of interest (eg, accuracy). This stratification allows the evaluation of ML classifiers to take the form of a distribution rather than a single scalar value.

Methods
Two large, public intensive care unit data sets, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III and electronic intensive care unit, were used to showcase this method in predicting mortality. For each data set, a balanced sample (n=8078 and n=21,940, respectively) and an imbalanced sample (n=12,117 and n=32,910, respectively) were drawn. A 2-parameter logistic model was used to provide scores for each case. Several ML algorithms were used in the demonstration to classify cases based on their health-related features: logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, K-nearest neighbors, decision tree, naive Bayes, and a neural network. Generalized linear mixed model analyses were used to assess the effects of case difficulty strata, ML algorithm, and the interaction between them in predicting accuracy.

Results
The results showed significant effects (P<.001) for case difficulty strata, ML algorithm, and their interaction in predicting accuracy and illustrated that all classifiers performed better with easier-to-classify cases and that overall the neural network performed best. Significant interactions suggest that cases that fall in the most arduous strata should be handled by logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, decision tree, or neural network but not by naive Bayes or K-nearest neighbors. Conventional metrics for ML classification have been reported for methodological comparison.

Conclusions
This demonstration shows that using the IRT is a viable method for understanding the data that are provided to ML algorithms, independent of outcome measures, and highlights how well classifiers differentiate cases of varying difficulty. This method explains which features are indicative of healthy states and why. It enables end users to tailor the classifier that is appropriate to the difficulty level of the patient for personalized medicine.
SECCIÓN IV. Diagnóstico de los casos de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Consenso colombiano de atención, diagnóstico y manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en establecimientos de atención de la salud: Recomendaciones basadas en consenso de expertos e informadas en la evidencia ACIN-IETS. SEGUNDA EDICIÓN.1 de agosto de 2020
Authors: Saavedra Trujillo Carlos Humberto 
Published: August 2020

El diagnóstico de la infección por SARS-COV-2/COVID-19 sigue siendo un reto, se dispone de diferentes pruebas diagnósticas entre ellas la PCR en tiempo real, pruebas de anticuerpos y de antígeno. Cada una de las pruebas tienen una cinética distinta y un rendimiento que difiere a partir del momento en que son realizadas. Actualmente se considera que la RT- PCR es la prueba diagnóstica con mejor rendimiento (sensibilidad 89% y especificidad 99%), sin embargo, esto depende también del tipo de muestra, siendo el aspirado traqueal la de mejor sensibilidad. Es importante mencionar que se dispone de otras técnicas de PCR como las pruebas de PCR multiplex en donde la detección de SARS-CoV-2 está incluida en los paneles. Algunas pruebas serológicas luego de varios estudios y validaciones en nuestro medio solo demostraron utilidad en pacientes luego del día 11 de inicio de síntomas con rendimiento variable (sensibilidad 49, 75 a 100 % y especificidad 87 a 95.83 %). En los pacientes asintomáticos se han evaluado diferentes pruebas para identificación de SARS-CoV-2 con resultados menos contundentes. Sin embargo, se ha encontrado utilidad en la realización de RT-PCR basada en identificación de contacto estrecho, las pruebas de anticuerpos se podrían considerar luego del día 11 de contacto con un rendimiento inferior al de la RT PCR. En ocasiones se debe considerar la realización de estudios invasivos evitando la generación de aerosoles o uso de elementos de protección si se requiere, sin embargo, la realización de mini lavado bronquial y aspirado traqueal a ciegas con sistema cerrado es una alternativa.Se han encontrado diferentes biomarcadores que permiten categorizar la gravedad de los pacientes y orientar el lugar donde deben ser evaluados, entre ellos están el hemograma, proteína c reactiva, enzimas hepáticas, bilirrubinas, función renal, deshidrogenasa láctica, CK, troponinas, dímero D; como también la aplicación de diferentes escalas como CURB 65, qSOFA y SOFA. La procalcitonina aún no ha demostrado utilidad para que sea recomendada en el uso rutinario. Las imágenes de tórax (radiografía de tórax, tomografía de tórax simple) permiten evaluar no solo otras posibles etiologías, sino que también permiten categorizar la gravedad del cuadro y las complicaciones relacionadas con la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 como es el SDRA (síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto). La presencia de vidrio esmerilado de localización basal y periférica junto con la presencia de consolidación aumentan la probabilidad de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.
Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menetapkan Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian (Studi Putusan Hakim Nomor 0233/Pdt.G/2017/MS-MBO)
Authors: Devy Soraya , Muliadi Doni 
Published: August 2020

Nafkah anak adalah segala sesuatu yang diperlukan oleh anak untuk tumbuh dan berkembang seperti kebutuhan sandang, pangan dan papan. Kewajiban pemenuhan nafkah anak menjadi tanggungjawab orang tua bersama. Namun jika terjadi perceraian, ayah tetap bertanggungjawab untuk memenuhi nafkah anak walaupun anak berada dalam asuhan ibu. Kadar nafkah anak tidak ditentukan batas minimal maupun batas maksimalnya, akan tetapi standar jumlah nafkah harus sesuai dengan kemampuan finansial ayahnya. Jika ayahnya benar-benar tidak dapat memenuhi nafkah anak tersebut, maka kewajiban nafkah anak ditanggung oleh ibunya. Putusan Hakim Nomor 0233/Pdt.G/2017/MS_MBO menyatakan bahwa Majelis Hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak yang dituntut oleh termohon kepada pemohon. Nafkah anak yang semula dimintakan sejumlah Rp. 1.600.000,- ditetapkan oleh Majelis Hakim hanya sebesar Rp. 600.000,- dengan penambahan 20% pertahun, sehingga terdapat pengurangan jumlah nafkah anak dari tuntutan awal. Oleh karennya penelitian ini akan menfokuskan tentang apa yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak dan bagaimana penetapan nafkah anak tersebut menurut hukum Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dan penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pertama, dasar pertimbangan hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak dari jumlah yang dituntut dikarenakan menimbang ketidakmampuan finansial ayahnya. Kedua, penetapan nafkah anak yang terdapat dalam putusan tersebut telah sesuai dengan hukum Islam dikarenakan aturan hukum Islam menjelaskan bahwa pemenuhan nafkah anak oleh ayah harus sesuai dengan kemampuan finansial ayahnya.
Implementation of Lean Daily Management: A Vascular Access Team Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Nurses’ Workflow and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Schlauch Michele , Rogers Pam , Pyne Rhonda , Tomchik Cathy , Ellis Carol , Gartrell Kyungsook 
Published: August 2020

Highlights

Abstract
Background: The process for patients to receive a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has been unclear, allowing for delays in care and discharge and increased costs. To address these problems, a vascular access team implemented the Lean process. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of an ultrasound initiative to insert peripheral intravenous lines (IVs) and midlines and modification of PICC insertion hours on the nurses’ workflow and patient outcomes.
Methods: This quality improvement project used retrospective data analysis. Patients’ data from fiscal year (FY) 2010 to FY 2019 was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t tests for continuous data, and a Poisson regression for count data.
Results: After the ultrasound initiative, the volume of PICC insertions decreased by 20%, which represents a significant reduction. The mean cost also decreased from $171,681 to $147,620. Although there was no substantial cost saving, the total cost was reduced by 14%. After implementation of ultrasound guidance for peripheral IV and midline access, the central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate dropped by 70%. The estimated treatment cost for CLABSI significantly decreased from $481,600 to $156,800. After implementation, the total estimated cost savings was $1,624,000. Modified PICC insertion hours resulted in significantly reduced mean hours from order time to insertion.
Conclusions: Standard work and process improvements using the Lean process were effective. The ultrasound initiative decreased unnecessary PICC insertions, reduced cost, and decreased the CLABSI rate. Modified PICC insertion hours enhanced the nurses’ work by reducing the average time from PICC order to placement.
Preadmission Diabetes-Specific Risk Factors for Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Agarwal Shivani , Schechter Clyde , Southern Will , Crandall Jill P. , Tomer Yaron 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
To examine whether HbA1c, outpatient diabetes treatment regimen, demographics, and clinical characteristics are associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with diabetes hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 infection from 11 March to 7 May 2020 at a large academic medical center in New York City. Multivariate modeling was used to assess the independent association of HbA1c levels and outpatient diabetes treatment regimen with mortality, in addition to independent effects of demographic and clinical characteristics.

RESULTS
We included 1,126 hospitalized patients with diabetes and COVID-19 for analysis, among whom mean age was 68 years, 50% were male, 75% were Black, mean BMI was 30 kg/m2, 98% had type 2 diabetes, mean HbA1c was 7.5%, and 33.1% died. HbA1c levels were not associated with mortality in unadjusted or adjusted analyses, but an outpatient regimen with any insulin treatment was strongly predictive. Additionally, age, sex, and BMI interacted such that in all age categories, mortality was higher with increasing BMI in males compared with females.

CONCLUSIONS
In this large U.S. cohort of hospitalized patients with diabetes and COVID-19, insulin treatment, as a possible proxy for diabetes duration, and obesity rather than long-term glycemic control were predictive of mortality. Further investigation of underlying mechanisms of mortality and inpatient glycemic control is needed.
Analysis of Superconductor of Nd1Ba2Cu3O7 and Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 Phases Using FTIR Spectrophotometer
Authors: Putra Adnyana IGA , Sumadiyasa Made , Wendri Nyoman 
Published: August 2020

I has been synthesized superconducting materials of the Nd1Ba2Cu3O7, Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 and Y3Ba5Cu8O18 phases. The study was conducted to determine whether the data from the phase Y1Ba2Cu3O7 can be used as a base to identify superconducting material of the Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 phase. Synthesis was done by solid state reaction method with initial mixing in HNO3 solution mixture with Y2O3, Nd2O3, BaCO3, and CuO, with the ratio adjusted to the stoichiometry calculation. Samples in the form of pellets with a diameter of 1.5 cm were sintered at 950 oC for 24 hours in an atmospheric environment. The FTIR measurements have been carried out with a standard KBr. The theoretical calculation spectra and vibration mode data from YBa2Cu3O7-d can be used to identify Nd1Ba2Cu3O7, Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 dan Y3Ba5Cu8O18, with peak absorption in the range of wave numbers that are almost the same, namely 400-450 cm-1, which is the four oxygen atoms O(2,3) mode, 426-439 cm-1 is the in-phase mode of oxygen atom O(2,3), and the vibrational mode of peaks O(4) is observed at 488 cm-1.
Effects of High g Values on Growth and Chlorophyll Content in Hydrated and Dehydrated Wheat Seeds
Authors: Jagtap Sagar Shankar , Vidyasagar P. B. 
Published: August 2020

Higher g value stimuli (gravitational acceleration more than 1 g and referred as hyper gravity) caused by centrifugation have been shown to inhibit elongation growth of various plants. In the present study, effects of high g values were studied on wheat seeds with and without water medium at the time of exposure to high g values. Wheat seeds (variety: LOK-1) were washed with 0.5% fungicide and then 4-5 times with distilled water (D/W). Seeds were then soaked in D/W for 24 hrs. Two different experiments were performed. In initial experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes filled with 1 ml D/W. Seeds were exposed to hypergravity ranging from 500 g to 2500 g for 10 minutes. In another experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes without water or any other medium and then exposed to high g values. After exposure seeds were immediately sowed on 0.8% agar gel. Results obtained showed that exposure to high g values suppressed growth in wheat seedlings when seeds were exposed to high g values with water as a medium. Chlorophyll content also decreased with increase in g. However, no change in growth and chlorophyll content were observed when seeds were exposed without water medium up to g values as high as 2500. Thus, effects of high g value stimuli depend not only on how much centrifugal force is applied to the seeds but also depends upon how much force is experienced by the inner part of the seeds. Present observation shows that effective centrifugal force experienced by the seeds is different when applied with and without medium.
Pemantauan Jenis Burung Pemangsa Pada Migrasi Arus Datang Di Gunung Sega, Karangasem Bali
Authors: Tyas Santi Ayuning , Yuni L.P.E.K , Sudaryanto F.X 
Published: August 2020

Bird of prey migration is a phenomenon that occurs twice every year, namely the autumn migration and the spring migration. In Indonesia, autumn migration is also known as go-away migration, while spring migration is known as backflow migration. This study aimed to determine the species of birds of prey that pass on Mount Sega, Karangasem Bali during autumn migration in 2018. The study was conducted on 1 October - 30 November 2018 on Mt. Sega, Karangasem Bali using a method from Hume (1993). The species of birds of prey that were recorded were 7 species, consisting of 5 migrant species and 2 resident species. The migrant species recorded were the Chinese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter soloensis), the Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis), the Crested Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), the Peregrine Falcon (Falco perigrinus), and the Short-toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus gallicus). The resident species recorded were the Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) and the Spotted Kestrel (Falco moluccensis).
Keywords: Accipiter, bird of prey, migration, Mt. Sega
Potensi Supernatan Kultur Lactobacillus sp. Untuk Mengontrol Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus FNCC6109 Pada Pakan Konsentrat Ayam
Authors: Bimantara Dandy , Ramona Yan , Ermayanti N.G.A Manik 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi Lactobacillus sp. dan supernatannya dalam mengontrol pertumbuhan A. flavus FNCC6109 yang sering mengkontaminasi pakan konsentrat ayam. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara In vitro dan pengujian langsung pada pakan konsentrat ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua isolat Lactobacillus sp. yang berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi menunjukkan indikasi awal potensi biokontrol terhadap A. flavus FNCC6109. Hanya satu isolat terbaik (Isolat I) yang dipakai dalam penelitian lanjutan. Persentase laju pertumbuhan A. flavus FNCC6109 pada pakan konsentrat ayam dengan perlakuan supernatan Lactobacillus sp. I sebesar 30%(v/v) adalah 72% lebih rendah dibandingkan yang terjadi pada kontrol (pakan konsentrat tanpa perlakuan supernatan Lactobacillus sp. I).

Kata kunci : Lactobacillus sp., Aspergillus flavus FNCC6109, pakan konsentrat ayam
Elusidasi Awal Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC25923 Penyebab Gingivitis
Authors: Purwaningsih Putu Pande , Darmayasa Ida Bagus , Astiti Ni Putu Adriani 
Published: August 2020

Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional. Penggunaan bahan alam sebagai obat secara umum dinilai lebih aman serta memiliki efek samping yang relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan penggunaan obat modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui elusidasi awal daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun ketapang terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 penyebab gingivitis,dan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada Daun Ketapang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun ketapang yaitu 1%, 2%,3%, 4%, 5%, kontrol positif (chlorexidine) dan kontrol negatif (etanol). Penentuan daya hambat ekstrak daun ketapang terhadap bakteri S. aureus menggunakan metode Kirby Beuer ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening akibat pemberian senyawa antibakteri yang berdifusi pada media tumbuh bakteri. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak (5%) maka semakin besar zona hambat yang terbentuk.Nilai efektivitas antibakteri daun ketapang tidak lebih baik daripada antiseptik yang diujikan. Hasil uji profil fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun ketapang mengandung tannin, saponin, terpenoid dan flavonoid. Hasil uji GC-MS teridentifikasi lima senyawa diantaranya yaitu Alpha Terpinolene, Cyclohexanol 5-methyl, Hexadecanoic acid, Octadecanoic acid, 1.2Benzenedicarboxylic acid. Kelima senyawa aktif tersebut berpotensi sebagai antibakteri.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.), Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.), Dan Metode Skarifikasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Cendana (Santalum album L.)
Authors: Lindi Djawa Barnadus Nggahu , Arpiwi Ni Luh , Sudirga Sang Ketut 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah, air kelapa dan skarifikasi terhadap pertumbuhan cendana. Manfaat dari penilitian ini untuk menjawab permasalahan pembudidyaan tanaman cendana di Pulau Sumba. Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan pada masing-masing unit percobaan. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini persentase bibit tumbuh, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, dan lebar daun. Analisis data mengunakan ANOVA dengan taraf uji 5% bila terdapat beda nyata pada salah satu faktor dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf uji 5% menggunakan analisis statistik SPSS. Hasil penelitian menujukkan perlakuan ekstrak bawang merah dan metode skarifikasi memberikan hasil yang paling tinggi persentase bibit tumbuh sebesar 70%. Perlakuan kombinasi skarifikasi dengan air kelapa muda memberikan hasil yang paling tinggi terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cendana. Untuk itu penulis merekomendasikan kepada petani cendana menggunakan ekstrak bawang merah atau skarifikasi untuk meningkatkan persentase bibit tumbuh sedangkan untuk memacu pertubuhan tanaman cendana menggunakan kombinasi skarifikasi dengan air kelapa muda.

Kata kunci: bawang merah, air kelapa, skarifikasi