bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Art(bio)éthique : vers de nouvelles relations entre le bioart et la bioéthique
Authors: Couture Vincent , Noury Mathieu 
Published: January 2020

Inspirés par les avancées scientifiques les plus récentes dans le domaine de la biologie et des biotechnologies, des artistes proposent, depuis un certain nombre d’années déjà, des créations artistiques singulières à la frontière de l’art et de la science qui élèvent ces avancées et leurs objets, le vivant sous ses différentes formes, au rang de propositions esthétiques. Ces nouvelles pratiques artistiques se développent sous le nom de « bioart » et ont pour effet de considérablement questionner la frontière entre l’art et la science. Les artistes investissent les laboratoires et manipulent le vivant. Plusieurs scientifiques s’aventurent eux-mêmes dans ces nouveaux territoires ou collaborent à des créations. Ce nouveau champ d’investigation artistique inspire ainsi un certain nombre de réflexions à la bioéthique. Intitulé « Art(bio)éthique », ce numéro spécial propose une rencontre entre le bioart et la bioéthique afin d’offrir un échantillon récent et varié de réflexions sur les relations qui se tissent entre ces deux disciplines.
Chapitre 3. Horizontal Exchange, Relations, and Resistance in Bioart and Practice-based Research
Authors: Hey Maya , Hunter WhiteFeather , St-Hilaire Emilie 
Published: January 2020

Le bioart existe à l’intersection de deux champs de connaissances et de production spécialisés et élite : la biotechnologie et l’art. Ces deux spécialisations occupent des strata différent dans la hiérarchie académique, nécessitant des qualifications et des rigueurs disciplinaires qui, historiquement valorisent leurs spécificités et non leurs similarités en recherche. Une expertise certifiée est privilégiée au prix de d’autres formes de connaissances. Avec son chevauchement des arts et des sciences, comment le bioart peux-t-il fonctionner pour aplanir la hiérarchie existante et mener à des méthodes collaboratives plus horizontales, menant à une compréhension plus critique du bioart ? Cet article suit l’idée de la collaboration horizontale théorisé par Couture et al. (2017), tout en attendant aux ruptures et aux résistances (réels, perçus, ou construites) qui existes lorsqu’on travail transversalement dans une institution verticale. Combinant des interventions théoriques avec des études de cas qui déconstruisent des espaces d’enquêtes bioartistiques – du labo au studio, dans la cuisine, la salle de classe, ou dans la galerie – ce papier vise à créé des « bonnes » relations selon la définition de Joanna Zylinska, notamment comment un corps récompose sa relation à l’autre, haussant ainsi le pouvoir de tout les deux.
Comparison of Results of Medial Rectus Muscle Recession Using Augmentation, Faden Procedure, and Slanted Recession in the Treatment of High Accommodative Convergence/Accommodation Ratio Esotropia
Authors: Gharabaghi Davoud , Zanjani Leila Kazemi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and Purpose: According to the literature, accommodative esotropia has an unpredictable course when nonsurgical treatment is considered, especially in cases with a high accommodative convergence/accommodation ratio (AQA). The aim of this study was to compare the results of augmented recession, slanted recession, and recession with posterior fixation suture of the medial rectus muscles in the treatment of high AQA esotropia.
Subjects and Methods: Twenty-eight children (4 to 14 years old) with high AQA esotropia with a near-distance disparity greater than 10 PD were included in a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial. Nine children underwent recession of both medial rectus muscles and posterior fixation suture (Faden procedure), 9 children underwent augmented recession of the medial rectus muscles, and 10 children underwent slanted recession of both medial rectus muscles. The amount of esodeviation was measured before strabismus surgery and at least 6 months postoperatively.
Resuite: In the augmented recession group, the mean near-distance disparity was reduced from 16.33 ± 2.1 7 PD preoperatively to 7.55 ± 3.87 PD postoperatively (54.21%; P = .056). In the Faden procedure group, it was reduced from 1 5.22 ± 4.08 PD to 2.55 ± 4.03 PD (80.7%; P = .056). In the slanted recession group, it was reduced from 15.50 ± 4.30 PD to 4.1 0 ± 4.80 PD (67.55%; P = .056).
Conclusions: The Faden procedure had the best outcome, but slanted recession also was successful. Because of our good results and an easy, noninvasive approach without any additional complications, we recommend slanted recession to treat high AQA esotropia.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2006;43:91-94.
Atmospheric fate of a series of saturated alcohols: kinetic and mechanistic study
Authors: Colmenar Inmaculada , Martin Pilar , Cabañas Beatriz , Salgado Sagrario , Tapia Araceli , Aranda Inmaculada 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The atmospheric fate of a series of saturated alcohols (SAs) was
evaluated through kinetic and reaction product studies with the
main atmospheric oxidants. These SAs are alcohols that could be used as fuel
additives. Rate coefficients (in cm3 molecule−1 s−1)
measured at ∼298 K and atmospheric pressure (720±20 Torr) were
as follows: k1 ((E)-4-methylcyclohexanol + Cl) = (3.70±0.16)
×10-10, k2 ((E)-4-methylcyclohexanol + OH) = (1.87±0.14) ×10-11, k3 ((E)-4-methylcyclohexanol +
NO3) = (2.69±0.37) ×10-15, k4
(3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol + Cl) = (2.69±0.16) ×10-10, k5 (3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol + OH) = (5.33±0.16)
×10-12, k6 (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol + Cl) = (1.21±0.07) ×10-10, and k7 (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol +
OH) = (10.50±0.25) ×10-12. The main products
detected in the reaction of SAs with Cl atoms (in the absence/presence of
NOx), OH radicals, and NO3 radicals were (E)-4-methylcyclohexanone for the
reactions of (E)-4-methylcyclohexanol, 3,3-dimethylbutanal for the reactions
of 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone for the reactions of
3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol. Other products such as formaldehyde,
2,2-dimethylpropanal, and acetone have also been identified in the reactions
of Cl atoms and OH radicals with 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol and
3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol. In addition, the molar yields of the reaction
products were estimated. The products detected indicate a hydrogen atom
abstraction mechanism at different sites on the carbon chain of alcohol in
the case of Cl reactions and a predominant site in the case of OH and
NO3 reactions, confirming the predictions of structure–activity
relationship (SAR) methods. Tropospheric lifetimes (τ) of these SAs
have been calculated using the experimental rate coefficients. Lifetimes are
in the range of 0.6–2 d for OH reactions, 7–13 d for NO3 radical
reactions, and 1–3 months for Cl atoms. In coastal areas, the lifetime due to
the reaction with Cl decreases to hours. The calculated global tropospheric
lifetimes, and the polyfunctional compounds detected as reaction products in
this work, imply that SAs could contribute to the formation of ozone and
nitrated compounds at local, regional, and even global scales. Therefore,
the use of saturated alcohols as additives in diesel blends should be
considered with caution.
Assessment of potential implications of agricultural irrigation policy on surface water scarcity in Brazil
Authors: Multsch Sebastian , Krol Maarten S. , Pahlow Markus , Assunção André L. C. , Barretto Alberto G. O. P. , de Jong van Lier Quirijn , Breuer Lutz 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Expanding irrigated cropping areas is one of Brazil's
strategies to increase agricultural production. This expansion is
constrained by water policy goals to restrict water scarcity to acceptable
levels. We therefore analysed the trade-off between levels of acceptable
water scarcity and feasible expansion of irrigation. The appropriateness of
water use in agricultural production was assessed in categories ranging from
acceptable to very critical based on the river flow that is equalled or
exceeded 95 % of the time (Q95) as an indicator for physical water
availability. The crop water balance components were determined for 166 842 sub-catchments covering all of Brazil. The crops considered were cotton,
rice, sugarcane, bean, cassava, corn, soybean and wheat, together accounting
for 96 % of the harvested area of irrigated and rain-fed agriculture. On
currently irrigated land irrigation must be discontinued on 54 % (2.3 Mha)
for an acceptable water scarcity level, on 45 % (1.9 Mha) for a
comfortable water scarcity level and on 35 % (1.5 Mha) for a worrying
water scarcity level, in order to avoid critical water scarcity. An
expansion of irrigated areas by irrigating all 45.6 Mha of the rain-fed area
would strongly impact surface water resources, resulting in 26.0 Mha
experiencing critical and very critical water scarcity. The results show in
a spatially differentiated manner that potential future decisions regarding
expanding irrigated cropping areas in Brazil must, while pursuing to
intensify production practices, consider the likely regional effects on
water scarcity levels, in order to reach sustainable agricultural
production.
Diagnostic Values of Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Findings in Presumptive Trigeminal Neuropathy: 49 Dogs
Authors: Musso Clément , Le Boedec Kevin , Gomes Eymeric , Cauzinille Laurent 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The goal of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to describe the different etiologies of trigeminal neuropathy based on clinical and MRI findings and to evaluate the significance of associated concomitant disorders. MRI studies of 49 dogs with trigeminal neuropathy were blindly reviewed and were classified into the following three groups: neoplasia, neuritis, or idiopathic trigeminal neuropathy (ITN). Thirty-one percent were suspected to have neoplasia (all unilateral), 16% to have neuritis (1 bilateral and 7 unilateral), and 53% to have ITN (4 unilateral and 22 bilateral). Dogs with clinical bilateral trigeminal dysfunction were most likely to have a diagnosis of ITN (predicted probability 95.7%). Unilateral clinical signs were significantly associated with neoplasia or neuritis compared with ITN (P &lt; .001 and P = .002, respectively). Even with marked brainstem neoplastic involvement, central neurological deficits may be absent. Sensory impairment was significantly associated with either neoplasia or neuritis compared with ITN (P = .007 and P = .03, respectively). Ipsilateral noninfectious middle ear effusion was only seen in dogs with neoplasia (33%). Horner’s syndrome was present in 12% of all dogs (2 dogs in each group). Dogs with neoplasia were significantly older than dogs with neuritis (P = .02) and ITN (P = .002). JAAHA-MS-6997
Effects of Ownership and Business Portfolio on Production in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Gong Binlei 
Published: January 2020

The Shale Revolution and the two oil crises have overwhelmingly reshaped the petroleum industry in the last decade. Heterogeneity across companies is also a big concern as many multi-product (oil and gas) and multi-segment (upstream and downstream) firms exist, both state-owned and privately-owned. Therefore, a varying coefficient model is introduced to capture the effects of time, ownership, and business portfolio on both productivity and input elasticities to closely observe the fundamental transition, which is further interpreted using decomposition equations. The shape of the production function is indeed firm- and time-variant, which confirms the transition of the industry and the necessity of using the varying coefficient model. The average productivity achieved tremendous growth after the 2007-2009 financial crisis but lost momentum following the 2014 price crash. Finally, privately-owned, gas production and downstream activities are more productive than state-owned, oil production and upstream activities, respectively. Some policy implications are also discussed.
The Impact of a Carbon Tax on the CO2 Emissions Reduction of Wind
Authors: Chyong Chi Kong , Guo Bowei , Newbery David 
Published: January 2020

Energy policy aims to reduce emissions at least long-run cost while ensuring reliability. Its effecacy depends on the cost of emissions reduced. Britain introduced an additional carbon tax (the Carbon Price Support, CPS) for fuels used to generate electricity that by 2015 added ꌘ/t CO2, dramatically reducing the coal share from 41% in 2013 to 6% in 2018. Policies have both short and long-run impacts. Both need to be estimated to measure carbon savings. The paper shows how to measure the Marginal Displacement Factor (MDF, tonnes CO2/MWh) for wind. The short-run (SR) MDF is estimated econometrically while the long-run (LR) MDF is calculated from a unit commitment model of the GB system in 2015. We examine counter-factual fuel and carbon price scenarios. The CPS lowered the SR-MDF by 7% in 2015 but raised the LR-MDF (for a 25% increase in wind capacity) by 18%. We discuss reasons for the modest differences in the SR- and LR-MDFs.
Pipeline Capacity Rationing and Crude Oil Price Differentials: The Case of Western Canada
Authors: Walls W.D. , Zheng Xiaoli 
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the impact of pipeline capacity constraints on the discount of Canadian oil prices relative to U.S. benchmark oil prices. Using a panel of monthly data for Canadian oil exporting pipelines, we estimate that price differentials between U.S. markets and Western Canada would increase by 3.6% for 1% increase in pipeline capacity constraints. Pipeline capacity constraints in Canada have resulted in an average loss of $5.53 for every barrel of crude oil exported to the U.S. between 2009 and 2017. In 2015 and 2016, the losses due to insufficient pipeline capacity were equivalent to 3%-5% of the Canadian oil and gas industry’s sales revenue and 69%-102% of its royalty payments to provincial governments. Western Canadian oil refiners and refined products’ consumers benefit from the depressed crude oil prices. However, the total gains captured by local refiners and consumers are much smaller than the losses of the upstream sector.
Indicators likely to contribute to clinical and functional improvement among survivors of politically-sanctioned torture
Authors: Hill Martin , Everson Mary Lynn 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Heartland Alliance Marjorie Kovler Center (Kovler Center) is a torture treatment program located in Chicago, Illinois. Established in 1987, Kovler Center provides medical, mental health, and social services, as well as coordination with legal services, to a diverse population of survivors. Historically, Kovler Center used clinical measurement instruments to assess depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress, but staff was challenged with finding the best way to assess and ultimately measure changes in functional domains. The purpose of this paper is to describe (1) the Kovler Center framework, philosophical pillars, and model of treatment; (2) the comprehensive outcome evaluation program, including the Marjorie Kovler Center Well-Being Questionnaire (MKC WBQ); and (3) the results and implications to date. Methods: Kovler Center measured outcome data utilizing three instruments including a well-being tool and supplemented the data with a satisfaction survey. These instruments were administered at intake and re-administered at six-month intervals up to 24 months. Results/Discussion: With nine years of data, Kovler Center can now provide valid and reliable findings in diagnostic and functional changes, with 86.6% of its clients reporting fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression, 83.1% reporting fewer symptoms of trauma, and significant improvement in employment status, housing status, and physical health after receiving services for 24 months. Indicatorssignificantly correlated with clinical improvement at 24 months include stable housing, stable employment, region from where survivors came, number of days between initial assessment and program admittance, number of services (medical, psychological, social) received while in the program, number of medical problems diagnosed with while in the program, and number of psychological problems diagnosed with while in the program. From the Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) analysis, the total number of psychological problems and whether or not the participant had a secure legal status while in the program were demonstrated to explain the variance in anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Females were more likely to experience depression while in the program compared to males, and participants from the Middle East were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and PTSD compared to participants from Africa. Conclusions: Since, medical, psychological, and social indicators are demonstrated to correlate with or predict clinical outcomes, this highlights the need for comprehensive and holistic treatment programs for survivors of torture.
Exploratory factorial structure of institutional authoritarianism
Authors: García Lirios Cruz 
Published: January 2020

Background. Social work focused on intervention has generated models ranging from charity to the establishment of devices as public and social policies have crystallized in exclusion processes such as social issues, social domination, social suffering, loss the social bond and streamlining other.
Objective. Discuss the scope and limits of social work as a device address to the management policies of the -Tecnopolítica- communication and management of -Necropolítica- emotions.
Method. Documental study with a selection of sources considering the keywords of exclusion, domination, suffering, tie and rationalization.
Discussion. Social Work as a device intervention should consider forms of state and government schemes to establish the scope and limits of social protection and social promotion.
Conclusion. Social Work as interventional device could be oriented to the intercession, since in the framework of governance is necessary dialogue rather than imposition.
Differentially expressed genes and key molecules of BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer: evidence from bioinformatics analyses
Authors: Li Yue , Zhou Xiaoyan , Liu Jiali , Yin Yang , Yuan Xiaohong , Yang Ruihua , Wang Qi , Ji Jing , He Qian 
Published: January 2020

Background
BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are currently proven to be closely related to high lifetime risks of breast cancer. To date, the closely related genes to BRCA1/2 mutations in breast cancer remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to identify the gene expression profiles and interaction networks influenced by BRCA1/2 mutations, so as to reflect underlying disease mechanisms and provide new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis or prognosis.

Methods
Gene expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were downloaded and combined with cBioPortal website to identify exact breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze some enriched pathways and biological processes associated BRCA mutations. For BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer, wild-type breast cancer and corresponding normal tissues, three independent differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis were performed to validate potential hub genes with each other. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, survival analysis and diagnostic value assessment helped identify key genes associated with BRCA1/2 mutations.

Results
The regulation process of cell cycle was significantly enriched in mutant group compared with wild-type group. A total of 294 genes were identified after analysis of DEGs between mutant patients and wild-type patients. Interestingly, by the other two comparisons, we identified 43 overlapping genes that not only significantly expressed in wild-type breast cancer patients relative to normal tissues, but more significantly expressed in BRCA1/2-mutant breast patients. Based on the STRING database and cytoscape software, we constructed a PPI network using 294 DEGs. Through topological analysis scores of the PPI network and 43 overlapping genes, we sought to select some genes, thereby using survival analysis and diagnostic value assessment to identify key genes pertaining to BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer. CCNE1, NPBWR1, A2ML1, EXO1 and TTK displayed good prognostic/diagnostic value for breast cancer and BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer.

Conclusion
Our research provides comprehensive and new insights for the identification of biomarkers connected with BRCA mutations, availing diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer patients.
Optimization of Conditions for Callus Induction from BC2F1 Population (Ranbir Basmati x PAU148) through Anther Culture
Authors: Sharma Mridhu , K. Singh A. , K. Salgotra R. , Sharma Manmohan , Ku. Sharma Bupesh , K. Gupta S. , Sharma Vikas 
Published: January 2020

With different culture conditions and concentrations of growth regulators and supplements, Anther culture technique can be easily employed for the production of haploids under in vitro conditions.
Aims: The present study was undertaken with the objective to optimize the development of doubled haploids using anthers for in vitro induction of callus on N6 medium.
Place and Duration of Study: The samples (BC2F1 seeds) were raised previously in Skuast-J. From total degree program of 3 years, this work related to tissue culture technique was done in one year from January 2018 to January 2019.
Methodology: The effect of levels of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) i.e. 0 to 3 mg/L in basal N6 media was observed on callus induction frequency (CIF). The effect of duration of cold pre-treatment was observed on callus induction frequency at 2.5 mg/L of 2, 4-D by giving the cold pre-treatment at 4ºC from 8 to 12 days. Also the effect of different amino acids was checked on callus induction frequency.
Results: Highest callus induction frequency of 9.39 per cent was observed in N6 medium fortified with 2.5 mg/L 2, 4-D and lowest callus induction frequency of 2.52 per cent at the concentration of 1.0 mg/L. The cold pre-treatment for 10 days gave highest callus induction frequency of 1.44 per cent and lowest callus induction frequency of 0.44 per cent was obtained at cold pre treatment for 8 days. The highest callus induction frequency of 12.55 per cent was observed in case of media supplemented with 25 mg/L tryptophan and 40 mg/L cysteine and lowest callus induction frequency of 7.18 per cent was observed when media was supplemented with 560 mg/L proline.
Conclusion: The cold pre-treatment of 10 days at 4ºC on media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L of 2, 4-D and combination of 25 mg/L tryptophan and 40 mg/L cysteine proves to provide best androgenesis conditions for anthers from BC2F1 population.