bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mothers’ Preventive Health Care Practices and Children’s Survival in Burkina Faso: Findings from Repeated Cross-sectional Household Surveys
Authors: Hermann Badolo , Sathiya Susuman Appunni , Aristide Romaric Bado , Mwinonè Hervé Hien 
Published: October 2020

The significant reduction in the level of child mortality in both developed and developing countries over recent decades has led to an improvement in children’s health. The implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of the health programs needed to reduce child mortality require determination and an understanding of the factors responsible for this reduction. This study investigated factors that have contributed to the recent improvement in the survival of children under five, focusing on the contribution of preventive health care in improving children’s survival rates in Burkina Faso.
The data used come from baseline and end-line surveys designed to evaluate the impact of performance-based financing (PBF) on health programs in Burkina Faso. Using time-series for health districts and child-level logistic regression models, we estimated the effect of preventive health care, as summarized by the changes in the composite coverage index (CCI), on under-five child survival of temporal trends and covariates at the household, maternal, and child levels.
At the health district level, a unit increase in standardized CCI was associated with an improvement in under-five child survival after adjustment for survey period effects. The linear regression analysis showed that a standardized unit increase in CCI was associated with an increase in the percentage of children under five who survive. At the child level, the logistic regression showed that a skilled attendant at birth (SBA), wealth index, and mother’s parity were associated with under-five children’s survival, after adjustment for the survey period effects and a set of household, maternal, and child-level covariates.
Preventive health care is important in improving under-five children’s survival, whereas the effects of economic growth in Burkina Faso remain weak and inconsistent. Improved coverage of preventive health care interventions are likely to contribute to further reductions in under-five mortality in Burkina Faso.
Barriers to early mobilisation within Musculoskeletal and Colorectal Enhanced Recovery
Authors: Jones Emma , Wainwright Thomas , Davies Sarah , Porter Paul , Francis Nader 
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols emphasise the importance of early mobilisation after surgery. When applied in combination with pre operative and intra-operative ERAS elements early mobilisation is known to improve clinical and patient reported outcome. However, although early mobilisation is a well established element of ERAS its implementation can be hampered by clinical, organisational and emotive factors. The aim of this research is to survey staff opinion on the implementation process and challenges to early mobilisation across Musculoskeletal (MSK) and Colorectal (CR) wards at Yeovil Hospital.

Methods

MSK and CR staff (nursing, health care assistant and therapy) were issued with paper surveys addressing: i) timing of mobilisation, ii) competency to mobilise day one post operative patients and iii) barriers in July 2013. Qualitative data was subjected top thematic analysis and shared and disparate views were considered across the two data sets. Themes were cross checked by SD.

Results

32 staff completed the survey; 17 MSK and 15 CR of a cohort of 40.
CR staff reported unanimously that mobilising patients before breakfast could impact on length of stay while 53% of MSK staff believed that the timing of first mobilisation does not alter it, with 35% stipulating this should occur after breakfast. All staff felt competent and identified no training issues. The most common barriers identified were; staff availability (88% of MSK) and low blood pressure (60% of CR and MSK). Other factors included nausea, pain and anaesthetic/analgesia type especially after knee surgery (figure 1). MSK staff reported that organisational multi-disciplinary changes should be implemented to overcome barriers (fig 2). MSK staff emphasise the role of the therapists to drive mobilisation while CR staff emphasised the role of nurses.

Discussion

Differences between MSK and CR staff opinion on the timing of mobilisation and barriers to mobilisation could be underpinned by: staffing patterns, beliefs, ERAS tradition, clinical reasoning and interdisciplinary working. This survey has demonstrated that greater knowledge exchange between specialities could be important.
Further analysis is required to evaluate whether the timing of first mobilisation improves outcomes.

Conclusion

There is a difference in culture between Musculoskeletal and Colorectal staff in the timing of early mobilisation, and a divided opinion on whether this impacts LOS. Multiple challenges to early mobilisation can be overcome by a multi-disciplinary approach across specialities.
Analysis of the Contributions and Proposals for Improvement of a Municipal Higher Education Institution Under the Prism of Different Stakeholders
Authors: Franzoso Ridley Gomes , De Araujo Fernando Oliveira , Abreu Chrystyane Gerth Silveira 
Published: October 2020

Goals: The research aimed to identify the main benefits of a municipal institution of higher education (HEI) from the point of view of the most distinct groups of interest, such as city hall, companies, teachers, students and those responsible., characterizing the main key actors/ interlocutors and analyzing their perceptions regarding the role of this HEI in the development of the Region. Considering this relevant input, the study systematizes a set of actions capable of improving the various socioeconomic benefits of the institution..
Design / Methodology / Approach: Interviews were conducted with City representatives, teachers, students, community members, and local companies, in order to verify their comments and views in relation to the IES studied.
Results: The results of the investigation and surveys were supporting in a large extent the opinion of the stakeholders participating in this studied, which recognized the relevance of the Municipal IES for this region.
Limitations of the investigation: The study is limited to a single Higher education Institution located on the northern coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Having not been done comparisons with other similar entities.
Practical implications: Presents a special contribution of this Institution to the feasibility and democratization of access to public, free, high quality education at night hours.
Originality / Value: This is a peculiar case, since this IES is budgeted by the Municipality, being after regular working hours (at night), and offered free of charge.
Redox regulation in host-pathogen interactions: thiol switches and beyond
Authors: Varatnitskaya Marharyta , Degrossoli Adriana , Leichert Lars I. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Our organism is exposed to pathogens on a daily basis. Owing to this age-old interaction, both pathogen and host evolved strategies to cope with these encounters. Here, we focus on the consequences of the direct encounter of cells of the innate immune system with bacteria. First, we will discuss the bacterial strategies to counteract powerful reactive species. Our emphasis lies on the effects of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), arguably the most powerful oxidant produced inside the phagolysosome of professional phagocytes. We will highlight individual examples of proteins in gram-negative bacteria activated by HOCl via thiol-disulfide switches, methionine sulfoxidation, and N-chlorination of basic amino acid side chains. Second, we will discuss the effects of HOCl on proteins of the host. Recent studies have shown that both host and bacteria address failing protein homeostasis by activation of chaperone-like holdases through N-chlorination. After discussing the role of individual proteins in the HOCl-defense, we will turn our attention to the examination of effects on host and pathogen on a systemic level. Recent studies using genetically encoded redox probes and redox proteomics highlight differences in redox homeostasis in host and pathogen and give first hints at potential cellular HOCl signaling beyond thiol-disulfide switch mechanisms.
The DEAH helicase DHX36 and its role in G-quadruplex-dependent processes
Authors: Schult Philipp , Paeschke Katrin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

DHX36 is a member of the DExD/H box helicase family, which comprises a large number of proteins involved in various cellular functions. Recently, the function of DHX36 in the regulation of G-quadruplexes (G4s) was demonstrated. G4s are alternative nucleic acid structures, which influence many cellular pathways on a transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. In this review we provide an overview of the current knowledge about DHX36 structure, substrate specificity, and mechanism of action based on the available models and crystal structures. Moreover, we outline its multiple functions in cellular homeostasis, immunity, and disease. Finally, we discuss the open questions and provide potential directions for future research.
Eccentric topological properties of a graph associated to a finite dimensional vector space
Authors: Liu Jia-Bao , Khalid Imran , Rahim Mohammad Tariq , Rehman Masood Ur , Ali Faisal , Salman Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A topological index is actually designed by transforming a chemical structure into a number. Topological index is a graph invariant which characterizes the topology of the graph and remains invariant under graph automorphism. Eccentricity based topological indices are of great importance and play a vital role in chemical graph theory. In this article, we consider a graph (non-zero component graph) associated to a finite dimensional vector space over a finite filed in the context of the following eleven eccentricity based topological indices: total eccentricity index; average eccentricity index; eccentric connectivity index; eccentric distance sum index; adjacent distance sum index; connective eccentricity index; geometric arithmetic index; atom bond connectivity index; and three versions of Zagreb indices. Relationship of the investigated indices and their dependency with respect to the involved parameters are also visualized by evaluating them numerically and by plotting their results.
The Mountain Sanctuary of Matzanni in Sardinia: Project Motivations and Preliminary Research Results
Authors: Matta Valentina , Nørgaard Heide , Stott David , Vandkilde Helle , Holst Mads Kähler 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Matzanni Project tracks the role of the large mountain sanctuary of Matzanni-Vallermosa (southwestern Sardinia) in a scalar network from the local to, potentially, the Bronze Age global. Exploitation of metals in the mountainous setting of the sanctuary constitutes a major research focus together with understanding how metal extraction and religion may have intersected.
Welcoming Newcomers and Becoming Native to a Place: Arendt’s Polis and the City Beautiful of Detroit
Authors: Simon Jules 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
My goal, in interpreting Arendt’s analyses of the polis – both modern and ancient – is to conceptualize the role that ‘healthy’ public spaces can play in modern cities. What distinguishes my interpretation of her work is how I integrate her seminal conception of a philosophy of natality in the constellation of elemental concepts: labor, work, and action, as a way to understand the rise and fall of Detroit and to set the possible horizon for its reincarnation as a ‘sustainable’ and flourishing city beautiful. For me, it is precisely this conceptualization, as a philosophy of natality, that enables us to better identify the metaphysical and political foundations of her ideas about the polis and its possible pragmatic application for recreating public spaces in other modern, cosmopolitan cities. I end up considering what it means to become “native to a place” in the sense that was adopted in the rebirth of the River Rouge Complex and just what that has to do with the emergence of the barrio of Mexicantown in Detroit as a quintessential sign of successful city living and a sign of hope for a brighter, more beautiful future.
Alcune osservazioni su naturae species ratioque nel De rerum natura di Lucrezio (e una nota al testo)
Authors: Beltramini Luca 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article proposes to re-examine the Lucretian formula naturae species ratioque (1.146–148 = 2.59–61 = 3.91–93 = 6.39–41), the meaning of which has prompted some critical debate. The examination begins from an analysis of rhetoric and argument in the sections in which the phrase occurs, with the goal of demonstrating that the meaning ‘rational vision of nature’ is more apt to the context and to Lucretius’ poetic and philosophical programme, which often relies on metaphors drawn from the semantic field of vision to describe the comprehension of natural phenomena and the didactic aim of the work. In the light of this, the final part of the paper discusses the textual problem concerning lines 6.56–57 (= 90–91), which are normally considered spurious but which can be understood better in the light of the Lucretian conception of philosophy (and of poetry) as penetrating vision.
Adam und Romulus. Lateinische Dichtung in der Paulusexegese
Authors: Krauter Stefan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn New Testament exegesis, quotations from Latin literature of the Early Principate are mostly used as evidence of Roman imperial ideology. This essay aims to show that it is worthwhile to deal more carefully with such literary texts. Horace’s seventh and sixteenth epodes are compared with passages from the letter to the Romans. Using the myth of Romulus’ fratricide, Horace expresses his despair during the civil wars. He imagines a fictional rescue by fleeing from Rome to a primeval “pre-lapsarian” paradise. Paul uses the myth of Adam and Eve to portray human captivity under sin from which Christ saves people from all nations. The parallels are not mere coincidence.
The Effects of a Novel Quadrupedal Movement Training Program on Functional Movement, Range of Motion, Muscular Strength, and Endurance
Authors: Buxton Jeffrey D. , Prins Philp J. , Miller Michael G. , Moreno Anthony , Welton Gary L. , Atwell Adam D. , Talampas Tirzah R. , Elsey Gretchen E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Buxton, JD, Prins, PJ, Miller, MG, Moreno, A, Welton, GL, Atwell, AD, Talampas, TR, and Elsey, GE. The effects of a novel quadrupedal movement training program on functional movement, range of motion, muscular strength, and endurance. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2186–2193, 2022—Quadrupedal movement training (QMT) is a form of bodyweight training incorporating animal poses, transitions, and crawling patterns to reportedly improve fitness. This type of training may improve multiple facets of fitness, unfortunately, little evidence exists to support commercial claims and guide practitioners in the best use of QMT. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a commercially available QMT program on functional movement, dynamic balance, range of motion, and upper body strength and endurance. Forty-two active college-age (19.76 ± 2.10 years) subjects (males = 19, females = 23) were randomly assigned to a QMT (n = 21) or control (CON) (n = 21) group for 8 weeks. Quadrupedal movement training consisted of 60-minute classes performed 2×·wk−1 in addition to regular physical activity. Active range of motion, Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y-Balance Test (YBT), handgrip strength, and push-up endurance were assessed before and after the intervention. The QMT group showed significantly greater improvements than the CON group in FMS composite score (1.62 ± 1.53 vs. 0.33 ± 1.15, p = 0.004) and FMS advanced movements (0.81 ± 0.87 vs. 0.01 ± 0.71, p = 0.002) and fundamental stability (0.57 ± 0.75 vs. 0.05 ± 0.50, p = 0.011), along with hip flexion, hip lateral rotation, and shoulder extension (p < 0.05). No significant differences between groups were observed for dynamic balance or upper body strength and endurance. Our results indicate that QMT can improve FMS scores and various active joint ranges of motion. Quadrupedal movement training is a viable alternative form of training to improve whole-body stabilization and flexibility.
Effect of Aging on the Rheological Behaviors of SBS-Modified Asphalt with Thermochromic Materials
Authors: Zhang Henglong , Li Lu , Chen Zihao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The influences of different types (red, black, and blue) and dosages (2 % and 4 %) of thermochromic materials on rheological and aging resistance of styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS)–modified asphalt (SBSMA) were studied. Rheological properties at high and low temperatures for thermochromic asphalt binder (TAB) were characterized by a dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer. The complex modulus of SBSMA decreased after the thermochromic powder was added, which indicated that thermochromic materials deteriorated the high-temperature rutting resistance of SBSMA, and the dosage of 2 % blue thermochromic powder had the least influence on the high-temperature performance of SBSMA. Instead, adding powders into SBSMA greatly improved the low-temperature deformation and relaxation capacity of SBSMA. Among all of the samples, the binder added with 2 % blue thermochromic powder showed the widest performance grade range. Rheological aging indexes were utilized to evaluate the antiaging performances of SBSMA. Compared with those of SBSMA, the rheological aging indexes of TAB were much smaller, which presented that thermochromic materials are able to strength the antiaging performances of SBSMA. In general, the binder added with 2 % red thermochromic powder showed the best aging resistances against thermal and photooxidation aging simultaneously, followed by the binder added with 4 % red thermochromic powder.
Crossmodal Phase Reset and Evoked Responses Provide Complementary Mechanisms for the Influence of Visual Speech in Auditory Cortex
Authors: Mégevand Pierre , Mercier Manuel R. , Groppe David M. , Zion Golumbic Elana , Mesgarani Nima , Beauchamp Michael S. , Schroeder Charles E. , Mehta Ashesh D. 
Published: October 2020

Natural conversation is multisensory: when we can see the speaker's face, visual speech cues improve our comprehension. The neuronal mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. The two main alternatives are visually mediated phase modulation of neuronal oscillations (excitability fluctuations) in auditory neurons and visual input-evoked responses in auditory neurons. Investigating this question using naturalistic audiovisual speech with intracranial recordings in humans of both sexes, we find evidence for both mechanisms. Remarkably, auditory cortical neurons track the temporal dynamics of purely visual speech using the phase of their slow oscillations and phase-related modulations in broadband high-frequency activity. Consistent with known perceptual enhancement effects, the visual phase reset amplifies the cortical representation of concomitant auditory speech. In contrast to this, and in line with earlier reports, visual input reduces the amplitude of evoked responses to concomitant auditory input. We interpret the combination of improved phase tracking and reduced response amplitude as evidence for more efficient and reliable stimulus processing in the presence of congruent auditory and visual speech inputs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWatching the speaker can facilitate our understanding of what is being said. The mechanisms responsible for this influence of visual cues on the processing of speech remain incompletely understood. We studied these mechanisms by recording the electrical activity of the human brain through electrodes implanted surgically inside the brain. We found that visual inputs can operate by directly activating auditory cortical areas, and also indirectly by modulating the strength of cortical responses to auditory input. Our results help to understand the mechanisms by which the brain merges auditory and visual speech into a unitary perception.
Desempeño de pruebas de no linealidad con la presencia de atípicos
Authors: Vásquez Londoño Michael 
Published: October 2020

Evidencia sobre la existencia de estructuras no lineales en series de tiempo económicas se ha presentado en los últimos años en la literatura. Frecuentemente se usan pruebas para contrastar la hipótesis nula de linealidad; sin embargo la existencia de valores atípicos puede afectar su desempeño concluyendo de forma errónea que exista una no linealidad endógena en el proceso generador de datos. En este trabajo, mediante un ejercicio de simulación, se analiza el desempeño de tres pruebas para detectar no linealidad con y sin la presencia de atípicos. Asimismo, se examina si la serie de precios de la electricidad en Colombia tiene una dinámica no lineal.
Enhanced Efficiency of flySAM by Optimization of sgRNA Parameters inDrosophila
Authors: Mao Decai , Jia Yu , Peng Ping , Shen Da , Ren Xingjie , Zhu Ruibao , Qiu Yuhao , Han Yuting , Yu Jinchao , Che Qinyun , Li Yutong , Lu Xinyi , Liu Lu-Ping , Wang Zhao , Liu Qingfei , Sun Jin , Ni Jian-Quan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe flySAM/CRISPRa system has recently emerged as a powerful tool for gain-of-function studies in Drosophila melanogaster. This system includes Gal4/UAS-driven dCas9 activators and U6 promoter-controlled sgRNA. Having established dCas9 activators superior to other combinations, to further enhance the efficiency of the targeting activators we systematically optimized the parameters of the sgRNA. Interestingly, the most efficient sgRNAs were found to accumulate in the region from -150bp to -450bp upstream of the transcription start site (TSS), and the activation efficiency showed a strong positive correlation with the GC content of the sgRNA targeting sequence. In addition, the target region is dominant to the GC content, as sgRNAs targeting areas beyond -600bp from the TSS lose efficiency even when containing 75% GC. Surprisingly, when comparing the activities of sgRNAs targeting to either DNA strand, sgRNAs targeting to the non-template strand outperform those complementary to the template strand, both in cells and in vivo. In summary, we define criteria for sgRNA design which will greatly facilitate the application of CRISPRa in gain-of-function studies.
How Not To Be in the Wrong Place at the Wrong Time: An Education Primer for Use with “Deposition of Centromeric Histone H3 Variant CENP-A/Cse4 into Chromatin Is Facilitated by Its C-Terminal Sumoylation”
Authors: Thu Yee Mon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent work by Kentaro Ohkuni and colleagues exemplifies how a series of molecular mechanisms contribute to a cellular outcome—equal distribution of chromosomes. Failure to maintain structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes is one contributing factor in genetic diseases such as cancer. Specifically, the authors investigated molecular events surrounding centromeric histone H3 variant Cse4 deposition—a process important for chromosome segregation, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. This study illustrates an example of a post-translational modification—sumoylation—regulating a cellular process and the concept of genetic interactions (e.g., synthetic dosage lethality). Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of using diverse experimental approaches in answering a few key research questions. The authors used molecular biology techniques (e.g., qPCR), biochemical experiments (e.g., Ni-NTA/8His protein purification), as well as genetic approaches to understand the regulation of Cse4. At a big-picture level, the study reveals how genetic changes can lead to subsequent molecular and cellular changes.