bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a risk factor for sputum production in the general population: the Nagahama study
Authors: Morimoto Chie , Matsumoto Hisako , Nagasaki Tadao , Kanemitsu Yoshihiro , Ishiyama Yumi , Sunadome Hironobu , Oguma Tsuyoshi , Ito Isao , Murase Kimihiko , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Tabara Yasuharu , Niimi Akio , Muro Shigeo , Matsuda Fumihiko , Chin Kazuo , Hirai Toyohiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic sputum production in the general population is historically associated with clinical indices including male sex and smoking history. However, its relationship with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which may prove an underlying factor in sputum production, is unclear. We aimed to clarify factors associated with sputum production in the general population in cross-sectional and longitudinal manners.

Methods
In the Nagahama study, a community-based cohort study, 9804 subjects were recruited between 2008 and 2010 (baseline assessment), 8293 of whom were followed from 2013 to 2015 (follow-up assessment). This study contained a self-completed questionnaire which included medical history, assessment of sputum production, and a frequency scale for symptoms of GERD. A Frequency Scale for Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease score of ≥ 8 was defined as GERD. In addition to the frequency of sputum production at each assessment, frequency of persistent sputum production defined as sputum production at both assessments was examined.

Results
Frequency of sputum production was 32.0% at baseline and 34.5% at follow-up. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that sputum production at baseline was significantly associated with GERD [odds ratio (OR), 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.73–2.13] and post-nasal drip (PND) (OR, 2.40; 95% CI 2.15–2.68), independent of other known factors such as older age, male sex and smoking history. These associations between sputum production and GERD or PND were also observed at follow-up. In longitudinal analysis, 19.4% had persistent sputum production and 12.3% had transient sputum production, i.e., at baseline only. Multivariable analysis for risk of persistence of sputum production revealed that persistent sputum production was associated with GERD and PND, in addition to the known risk factors listed above. The proportion of subjects with GERD at both assessments was highest among subjects with persistent sputum production.

Conclusions
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis demonstrated an association in the general population between sputum production and GERD, as well as PND, independent of known risk factors. The presence of GERD should be assessed in patients complaining of sputum production.
Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated microRNA-424 exerts inhibitory function in ovarian cancer by targeting MYB
Authors: Li Ping , Xin Hongyan , Lu Lili 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have suggested a crucial role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in ovarian cancer treatment. We, therefore, set out to explore the mechanism through which MSC-derived EVs delivered microRNA-424 (miR-424) to influence the development of ovarian cancer.MethodsBioinformatics analyses were first performed to screen ovarian cancer-related differentially expressed genes and to predict regulatory miRNAs. Then, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to verify the relationship between miR-424 and MYB. Subsequently, the characterized MSCs and isolated EVs were co-cultured with ovarian cancer cells, followed by determination of the expression patterns of miR-424, MYB, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor (VEGFR), respectively. In addition, the effects of EVs-delivered miR-424 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation of ovarian cancer cells were assessed using gain- and loss-of-function approaches. Lastly, tumor xenograft was induced in nude mice to illustrate the influence of EVs-loaded miR-424 on ovarian cancer in vivo.ResultsOur data exhibited that MYB was highly-expressed and miR-424 was poorly-expressed in ovarian cancer. More importantly, MYB was identified as a target gene of miR-424. Additionally, the transfer of miR-424 by MSC-derived EVs was found to repress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, with a reduction in the expressions of VEGF and VEGFR. Furthermore, MSC-derived EVs over-expressing miR-424 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and also suppressed tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of ovarian tumors in vivo.ConclusionCollectively, our findings indicate that MSC-derived EVs transfer miR-424 to down-regulate MYB, which ultimately led to the inhibition of the tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of ovarian cancer. Hence, this study offers a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Prehospital identification of Covid-19: an observational study
Authors: Spangler Douglas , Blomberg Hans , Smekal David 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has affected prehospital care systems across the world, but the prehospital presentation of affected patients and the extent to which prehospital care providers are able to identify them is not well characterized. In this study, we describe the presentation of Covid-19 patients in a Swedish prehospital care system, and asses the predictive value of Covid-19 suspicion as documented by dispatch and ambulance nurses.MethodsData for all patients with dispatch, ambulance, and hospital records between January 1–August 31, 2020 were extracted. A descriptive statistical analysis of patients with and without hospital-confirmed Covid-19 was performed. In a subset of records beginning from April 14, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of documented Covid-19 suspicion in dispatch and ambulance patient care records.ResultsA total of 11,894 prehospital records were included, of which 481 had a primary hospital diagnosis code related to-, or positive test results for Covid-19. Covid-19-positive patients had considerably worse outcomes than patients with negative test results, with 30-day mortality rates of 24% vs 11%, but lower levels of prehospital acuity (e.g. emergent transport rates of 14% vs 22%). About half (46%) of Covid-19-positive patients presented to dispatchers with primary complaints typically associated with Covid-19. Six thousand seven hundred seventy-six records were included in the assessment of predictive value. Sensitivity was 76% (95% CI 71–80) and 82% (78–86) for dispatch and ambulance suspicion respectively, while specificities were 86% (85–87) and 78% (77–79).ConclusionsWhile prehospital suspicion was strongly indicative of hospital-confirmed Covid-19, based on the sensitivity identified in this study, prehospital suspicion should not be relied upon as a single factor to rule out the need for isolation precautions. The data provided may be used to develop improved guidelines for identifying Covid-19 patients in the prehospital setting.
A covariance matrix-based spectrum sensing technology exploiting stochastic resonance and filters
Authors: Lu Jin , Huang Ming , Yang Jingjing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCognitive radio (CR) is designed to implement dynamical spectrum sharing and reduce the negative effect of spectrum scarcity caused by the exponential increase in the number of wireless devices. CR requires that spectrum sensing should detect licenced signals quickly and accurately and enable coexistence between primary and secondary users without interference. However, spectrum sensing with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is still a challenge in CR systems. This paper proposes a novel covariance matrix-based spectrum sensing method by using stochastic resonance (SR) and filters. SR is implemented to enforce the detection signal of multiple antennas in low SNR conditions. The filters are equipped in the receiver to reduce the interference segment of noise frequency. Then, two test statistics computed by the likelihood ratio test (LRT) or the maximum eigenvalues detector (MED) are constructed by the sample covariance matrix of the processed signals. The simulation results exhibit the spectrum sensing performance of the proposed algorithms under various channel conditions, namely, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channels. The energy detector (ED) is also compared with LRT and MED. The simulation results demonstrate that SR and filter implementation can achieve a considerable improvement in spectrum sensing performance under a strong noise background.
Long-term target tracking combined with re-detection
Authors: Wang Juanjuan , Yang Haoran , Xu Ning , Wu Chengqin , Zhao Zengshun , Zhang Jixiang , Wu Dapeng Oliver 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLong-term visual tracking undergoes more challenges and is closer to realistic applications than short-term tracking. However, the performances of most existing methods have been limited in the long-term tracking tasks. In this work, we present a reliable yet simple long-term tracking method, which extends the state-of-the-art learning adaptive discriminative correlation filters (LADCF) tracking algorithm with a re-detection component based on the support vector machine (SVM) model. The LADCF tracking algorithm localizes the target in each frame, and the re-detector is able to efficiently re-detect the target in the whole image when the tracking fails. We further introduce a robust confidence degree evaluation criterion that combines the maximum response criterion and the average peak-to-correlation energy (APCE) to judge the confidence level of the predicted target. When the confidence degree is generally high, the SVM is updated accordingly. If the confidence drops sharply, the SVM re-detects the target. We perform extensive experiments on the OTB-2015 and UAV123 datasets. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in long-term tracking.
Optical satellite sensor and positioning accuracy analysis for the Hongqi-1-H9 wide-range satellite in different terrains
Authors: Song Wenping , Wang Jianxiong , Bai Yang , Wang Linhui , Li Xiang , Tian Shiqiang , Qi Xianyang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe excellent performance of geometric positioning of a newly launched satellite will greatly broaden its application field. Launched on January 15, 2020, the Hongqi-1-H9 wide-range satellite is the largest sub-meter-level satellite worldwide and the first ton-level commercial remote sensing satellite in China, with a resolution of less than 1 m and a swath width of 136 km. This study was aimed at assessing the geometric positioning accuracy of this newly launched satellite considering three aspects, namely, the circle error accuracy, rational polynomial coefficient-based direct geometric positioning accuracy and ground control point-based absolute positioning accuracy under urban, plain, and mountainous areas, with different topographies. The results of the conducted experimental investigation indicated that the Hongqi-1-H9 satellite could exhibit a high positioning accuracy in planar and vertical directions for different terrains. In particular, for our experimental areas with a low topography and few surface structures, the geometric positioning accuracy of the Hongqi-1-H9 satellite imagery was less than 4m and 2 m in the planimetry and elevation directions, respectively. These characteristics can promote the application of the Hongqi-1-H9 satellite images in agricultural surveys, target detection, and land surveys, among other domains.
Cost-related medication nonadherence in Canada: a systematic review of prevalence, predictors, and clinical impact
Authors: Holbrook Anne M. , Wang Mei , Lee Munil , Chen Zhiyuan , Garcia Michael , Nguyen Laura , Ford Angela , Manji Selina , Law Michael R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cost-related nonadherence to medications (CRNA) is common in many countries and thought to be associated with adverse outcomes. The characteristics of CRNA in Canada, with its patchwork coverage of increasingly expensive medications, are unclear.

Objectives
Our objective in this systematic review was to summarize the literature evaluating CRNA in Canada in three domains: prevalence, predictors, and effect on clinical outcomes.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library from 1992 to December 2019 using search terms covering medication adherence, costs, and Canada. Eligible studies, without restriction on design, had to have original data on at least one of the three domains specifically for Canadian participants. Articles were identified and reviewed in duplicate. Risk of bias was assessed using design-specific tools.

Results
Twenty-six studies of varying quality (n = 483,065 Canadians) were eligible for inclusion. Sixteen studies reported on the overall prevalence of CRNA, with population-based estimates ranging from 5.1 to 10.2%. Factors predicting CRNA included high out-of-pocket spending, low income or financial flexibility, lack of drug insurance, younger age, and poorer health. A single randomized trial of free essential medications with free delivery in Ontario improved adherence but did not find any change in clinical outcomes at 1 year.

Conclusion
CRNA affects many Canadians. The estimated percentage depends on the sampling frame, the main predictors tend to be financial, and its association with clinical outcomes in Canada remains unproven.
Psycho-demographic profile in severe asthma and effect of emotional mood disorders and hyperventilation syndrome on quality of life
Authors: Dafauce Lucía , Romero David , Carpio Carlos , Barga Paula , Quirce Santiago , Villasante Carlos , Bravo María Fe , Álvarez-Sala Rodolfo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Severe asthma affects a small population but carries a high psychopathological risk. Therefore, the psychodemographic profile of these patients is of interest. A substantial prevalence of anxiety, depression, alexithymia and hyperventilation syndrome in severe asthma is known, but contradictory results have been observed. These factors can also affect patients’ quality of life. For this reasons, our purpose is to evaluate the psychodemographic profile of patients with severe asthma and assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, alexithymia and hyperventilation syndrome and their impact on the quality of life of patients with severe asthma.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 63 patients with severe asthma. Their psychodemographic profile was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Nijmegen questionnaire and Asthma Control Test (ACT) to determine the state of anxiety and depression, alexithymia, hyperventilation syndrome and control of asthma, respectively. Quality of life was assessed with the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-AQLQ).

Results
The mean age was 60 ± 13.6 years. Personal psychopathological histories were found in 65.1% of participants, and 8% reported previous suicidal attempts. The rate of anxiety and/or depression (HADS ≥ 11) was 68.3%. These patients present higher scores on the TAS-20 (p < 0.001) for the level of dyspnea (p = 0.021), and for emotional function (p = 0.017) on the Mini-AQLQ, compared with patients without anxiety or depression. Alexithymia (TAS-20 ≥ 61) was observed in 42.9% of patients; these patients were older (p = 0.037) and had a higher HADS score (p = 0.019) than patients with asthma without alexithymia. On the other hand, patients with hyperventilation syndrome (Nijmegen ≥ 23) scored higher on the HADS (p < 0.05), on the Mini-AQLQ (p = 0.002) and on the TAS-20 (p = 0.044) than the group without hyperventilation syndrome. Quality of life was related to anxiety-depression symptomatology (r =  − 0.302; p = 0.016) and alexithymia (r =  − 0.264; p = 0.036). Finally, the Mini-AQLQ total score was associated with the Nijmegen questionnaire total score (r =  − 0.317; p = 0.011), and the activity limitation domain of the Mini-AQLQ correlated with the ACT total score (r = 0.288; p = 0.022).

Conclusions
The rate of anxiety, depression, alexithymia and hyperventilation syndrome is high in patients with severe asthma. Each of these factors is associated with a poor quality of life.
To deny, to justify, or to apologize: Do social accounts influence stress levels in the aftermath of psychological contract breach?
Authors: Achnak Safâa , Schippers Arjen , Vantilborgh Tim 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Workplace stress carries considerable costs for the employees’ wellbeing and for the organization’s performance. Recent studies demonstrate that perceptions of psychological contract breach are a source of stress for employees. That is, when employees notice that their employer does not fulfil certain obligations, they will perceive that certain resources are threatened or lost, which in turn translates into increased stress. In this study, we zoom in on how stress unfolds in the aftermath of breach, dependent on the organization’s reaction to the breach. More specifically, we examined the influence of different types of social accounts (i.e., denial, apology, blaming and exonerating justification) on individuals’ stress resolution process using physiological (i.e., heart rate) and psychological (self-report) data.

Method
We used an experimental design in which we manipulated psychological contract breach and social account type. To test our hypotheses, we performed two sets of functional Principal Component Analyses: first to examine the effects of breach and second to examine the effects of social accounts.

Results
Our results indicate that breach elicits a physiological stress reaction, reflected in a short-lived increase in heart rate. However, no increase in the self-reported stress measure was found. Further, we did not find a significant effect of social accounts on the psychological and physiological recovery process.

Conclusions
The current research allows us to demonstrate that psychological contract breach will trigger a short-lived increase in heart rate. Further research is needed to better understand unfolding trajectories of physiological reactions to contract breach and the effect of social accounts as organizational recovery efforts.
Frequent SLC35A2 brain mosaicism in mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy (MOGHE)
Authors: Bonduelle Thomas , Hartlieb Till , Baldassari Sara , Sim Nam Suk , Kim Se Hoon , Kang Hoon-Chul , Kobow Katja , Coras Roland , Chipaux Mathilde , Dorfmüller Georg , Adle-Biassette Homa , Aronica Eleonora , Lee Jeong Ho , Blumcke Ingmar , Baulac Stéphanie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFocal malformations of cortical development (MCD) are linked to somatic brain mutations occurring during neurodevelopment. Mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy (MOGHE) is a newly recognized clinico-pathological entity associated with pediatric drug-resistant focal epilepsy, and amenable to neurosurgical treatment. MOGHE is histopathologically characterized by clusters of increased oligodendroglial cell densities, patchy zones of hypomyelination, and heterotopic neurons in the white matter. The molecular etiology of MOGHE remained unknown so far. We hypothesized a contribution of mosaic brain variants and performed deep targeted gene sequencing on 20 surgical MOGHE brain samples from a single-center cohort of pediatric patients. We identified somatic pathogenic SLC35A2 variants in 9/20 (45%) patients with mosaic rates ranging from 7 to 52%. SLC35A2 encodes a UDP-galactose transporter, previously implicated in other malformations of cortical development (MCD) and a rare type of congenital disorder of glycosylation. To further clarify the histological features of SLC35A2-brain tissues, we then collected 17 samples with pathogenic SLC35A2 variants from a multicenter cohort of MCD cases. Histopathological reassessment including anti-Olig2 staining confirmed a MOGHE diagnosis in all cases. Analysis by droplet digital PCR of pools of microdissected cells from one MOGHE tissue revealed a variant enrichment in clustered oligodendroglial cells and heterotopic neurons. Through an international consortium, we assembled an unprecedented series of 26 SLC35A2-MOGHE cases providing evidence that mosaic SLC35A2 variants, likely occurred in a neuroglial progenitor cell during brain development, are a genetic marker for MOGHE.
Individual responsiveness of macrophage migration inhibitory factor predicts long-term cognitive impairment after bacterial meningitis
Authors: Kloek Anne T. , Seron Mercedes Valls , Schmand Ben , Tanck Michael W. T. , van der Ende Arie , Brouwer Matthijs C. , van de Beek Diederik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with pneumococcal meningitis are at risk for death and neurological sequelae including cognitive impairment. Functional genetic polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) alleles have shown to predict mortality of pneumococcal meningitis.

Methods
We investigated whether MIF concentrations during the acute phase of disease were predictive for death in a nationwide prospective cohort study. Subsequently, we studied whether individual ex vivo MIF response years after meningitis was associated with the development of cognitive impairment.

Results
We found that in the acute illness of pneumococcal meningitis, higher plasma MIF concentrations were predictive for mortality (p = 0.009). Cognitive impairment, examined 1–5 years after meningitis, was present in 11 of 79 patients after pneumococcal meningitis (14%), as compared to 1 of 63 (2%) in controls, and was consistently associated with individual variability in MIF production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after ex vivo stimulation with various infectious stimuli.

Conclusions
Our study confirms the role of MIF in poor disease outcome of pneumococcal meningitis. Inter-individual differences in MIF production were associated with long-term cognitive impairment years after pneumococcal meningitis. The present study provides evidence that MIF mediates long-term cognitive impairment in bacterial meningitis survivors and suggests a potential role for MIF as a target of immune-modulating adjunctive therapy.