bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19 in a cluster of cases occurred in confined space: a case report
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Wu Jinru , Liu Min , Dai Yingying , Zhou Dan , Li Wenqian , Lv Pan , Zhou Ning , Wu Pa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is spreading rapidly intercity and international despite rigid public health prevention and control measures been taken.Case presentation: In a cluster of infection, six out of seven participants engaged in persistent singing and talking in confined space were later diagnosed COVID-19 patients. One of the cases was asymptomatic with no SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detected, but positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. None of the household contacts was infected during the following month.Conclusions: This epidemiological evidence revealed that asymptomatic patients transmitted the coronavirus in confined space with relatively high efficiency, suggesting that it is important to provide better ventilation in public buildings to prevent COVID-19 transmission.
The Psychological Effect of 2019 Coronavirus Disease Outbreak on Nurses Living in Islamic Culture Dominant Region, China
Authors: Jiang Mengyao , Li Siyan , She Dongli , Yan Fanghong , Chung Yuet Foon , Han Lin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, owing to the uncertain nature of COVID-19, can cause concerns about the potential health risks and may engender fear, anxiety, depression and so on. China is a multi-ethnic society, and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture is a multi-ethnic residential city and is influenced profoundly by Islamic culture. Culture can influence perceptions, but it is unknown how much it affects frontline nurses’ perceptions of the emerging infectious disease outbreak. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological characteristics of nurses with minority ethnic backgrounds in response to the public health crisis and to explore its related factors. Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional online survey in the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu province, China. There were eight secondary-level hospitals and one tertiary-level hospital, six of which were COVID-19-designated hospitals. The structured questionnaire consisted of demographic questionnaire, COVID-19 related questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-rating Depression Scale. Results: A total of 1569 nurses enrolled in our online survey. The majority of the nurses were women (98.8%), aged younger than 40-year-old (90.3%), holders of a junior college degree (59.5%), married (74.6%), needed to care for children (63.9%) or elders (84.6%), with working years of less than 10 years (61.9%), and worked at non-high exposure departments(75%) in secondary hospital (66.9%) or COVID-19-designated hospital (85.4%). The anxiety and depression level (M± SD) were 42.56±8.95 and 46.52 ±11.883, respectively. The factors associated with psychological variables were social support, family role, fear of contagion, the desire to learn knowledge about COVID-19, and so on. Conclusion: Nurses who are of the Islamic culture are affected slightly by the COVID-19 outbreak, but their concern and factors associated with psychological variables are in keeping with the common nursing groups.
The formation of marine red beds and iron cycling on the Mesoproterozoic North China Platform
Authors: Tang Dongjie , Ma Jianbai , Shi Xiaoying , Lechte Maxwell , Zhou Xiqiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Marine red beds (MRBs) are common in sedimentary records, but their genesis and environmental implications remain controversial. Genetic models proposed for MRBs variably invoke diagenetic or primary enrichments of iron, with vastly different implications for the redox state of the contemporaneous water column. The Xiamaling Formation (ca. 1.4 Ga) in the North China Platform hosts MRBs that offer insights into the iron cycling and redox conditions during the Mesoproterozoic Era. In the Xiamaling MRBs, well-preserved, nanometer-sized flaky hematite particles are randomly dispersed in the clay (illite) matrix, within the pressure shadow of rigid detrital grains. The presence of hematite flake aggregates with multiple face-to-edge (“cardhouse”) contacts indicates that the hematite particles were deposited as loosely bound, primary iron oxyhydroxide flocs. No greenalite or other ferrous iron precursor minerals have been identified in the MRBs. Early diagenetic ankerite concretions hosted in the MRBs show non-zero I/(Ca+Mg) values and positive Ce anomalies (&gt;1.3), suggesting active redox cycling of iodine and manganese and therefore the presence of molecular oxygen in the porewater and likely in the water column during their formation. These observations support the hypothesis that iron oxyhydroxide precipitation occurred in moderately oxygenated marine waters above storm wave base (likely &lt;100 m). Continentally sourced iron reactivated through microbial dissimilatory iron reduction, and distal hydrothermal fluids may have supplied Fe(II) for the iron oxyhydroxide precipitation. The accumulation of the Xiamaling MRBs may imply a slight increase of seawater oxygenation and the existence of long-lasting adjacent ferruginous water mass.
Delineation of flood-prone areas using modified topographic index for a river basin
Authors: Nagesh Kumar D. , Shastry Apoorva R. , Srinivasa Raju K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The modified topographic index () based on digital elevation models (DEMs) was employed to delineate flood-prone areas in Mahanadi basin, India. and flood inundation maps were compared to obtain the threshold () beyond which the area is assumed to be inundated by flood and the exponent of the . Scale dependence was also investigated to evaluate the sensitiveness of spatial resolution of the DEMs. DEMs of five resolutions, namely, ASTER global, SRTM, GMTED2010 (30 arc-seconds), GMTED 2010 (15 arc-seconds), and GMTED 2010 (7.5 arc-seconds), were used and ASTER global was preferred due to its low error compared to the remainder. Flood frequency analysis was conducted to obtain the relationship between flood-prone areas and flood magnitude. It was observed that (i) the exponent in the showed little variation, (ii) is reduced with reducing spatial resolution of the DEM, and (iii) error is also reduced as the DEMs' resolution is reduced.
Aloe sp. leaf gel and water glass for municipal wastewater sludge treatment and odour removal
Authors: Jaouadi Thameur , Hajji Mounir , Kasmi Mariam , Kallel Amjad , Chatti Abdelwaheb , Hamzaoui Hichem , Mnif Adel , Tizaoui Chedly , Trabelsi Ismail 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aloe gel (Alg), which is a natural extract from the Aloe sp. plant, was evaluated in this study for its potential use as a bioflocculant to treat urban wastewater sewage sludge. The gel was used alone and combined with water glass (WG) under controlled conditions in laboratory experiments. Alg was found effective to settle the flocculated sludge rapidly and remove distinctive unpleasant odours of the sludge as highlighted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Furthermore, Alg was pH tolerant and had no effect in changing the pH of the wastewater. The optimum dose of Alg was 3% at which a sludge volume index (SVI) of 45.4 mL/g was obtained within 30 min settling time. To enhance the treatment performances of Alg, WG was also evaluated as an alkali agent to further reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia (NH4-N) in the wastewater. At equal doses of 3% of WG and Alg each, the combined treatment outcomes showed high turbidity and NH4-N removals of 83 and 89%, respectively, but the overall COD removal was at best 25%. The settling rate of treated sludge with combined Alg/WG was very rapid giving an SVI of 25.4 mL/g within only 5 min.
Synthesis, Antitumor Activity and Molecular Docking Studies on Seven Novel Thiazacridine Derivatives
Authors: Almeida Marcel L. , Viana Douglas C.F. , da Costa Valécia C.M. , dos Santos Flaviana A. , Pereira Michelly C. , Pitta Maira G.R. , de Melo Rêgo Moacyr J.B. , Pitta Ivan R. , Pitta Marina G.R. 
Published: March 2020

Aim and Objective:
In the last decades, cancer has become a major problem in public health
all around the globe. Chimeric chemical structures have been established as an important trend on
medicinal chemistry in the last years. Thiazacridines are hybrid molecules composed of a thiazolidine
and acridine nucleus, both pharmacophores that act on important biological targets for cancer. By the
fact it is a serious disease, seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were
synthesized, characterized, analyzed by computer simulation and tested in tumor cells. In order to find
out if the compounds have therapeutic potential.

Materials and Methods:
Seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were
synthesized through Michael addition and Knoevenagel condensation strategies. Characterization was
performed by NMR and Infrared spectroscopy techniques. Regarding biological activity, thiazacridines
were tested against solid and hematopoietic tumoral cell lines, namely Jurkat (acute T-cell leukemia);
HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia); DU 145 (prostate cancer); MOLT-4 (acute lymphoblastic
leukemia); RAJI (Burkitt's lymphoma); K562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia) and normal cells
PBMC (healthy volunteers). Molecular docking analysis was also performed in order to assess major
targets of these new compounds. Cell cycle and clonogenic assay were also performed.

Results:
Compound LPSF/AA-62 (9f) exhibited the most potent anticancer activity against HL-60
(IC50 3,7±1,7 μM), MOLT-4 (IC50 5,7±1,1 μM), Jurkat (IC50 18,6 μM), Du-145 (IC50 20±5 μM)
and Raji (IC50 52,3±9,2 μM). While the compound LPSF/AA-57 (9b) exhibited anticancer activity
against the K562 cell line (IC50 51,8±7,8 μM). Derivative LPSF/AA-62 (9f) did not interfere in the
cell cycle phases of the Molt-4 lineage. However, the LPSF/AA-62 (9f) derivative significantly
reduced the formation of prostate cancer cell clones. The compound LPSF/AA-62 (9f) has shown
strong anchorage stability with enzymes topoisomerases 1 and 2, in particular due the presence of
chlorine favored hydrogen bonds with topoisomerase 1.

Conclusion:
The 3-(acridin-9-ylmethyl)-5-((10-chloroanthracen-9-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione
(LPSF/AA-62) presented the most promising results, showing anti-tumor activity in 5 of the 6 cell
types tested, especially inhibiting the formation of colonies of prostate tumor cells (DU-145).
Liver Fibrosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Methotrexate
Authors: Hilal Ghizlane , Akasbi Nessrine , Boudouaya Hanae , Salma Ksir , Harzy Taoufik 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
Methotrexate (MTX) is a highly effective therapy for patients with rheumatoid
arthritis (RA). However, it has been associated with a range of liver related adverse events.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of liver fibrosis in RA patients and to assess
the correlation of cumulative MTX dose with hepatic fibrosis in our context.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study, whose goal is to describe and analyze the
factors correlated with the liver fibrosis in RA patients treated with methotrexate especially the cumulative
dose of MTX, along the period lying between January 2012 and March 2019. The study
was carried out in the Rheumatology Department of the University Hospital Hassan II of Fez. The
patients have met the assessment of the ACR 2010 criteria. The data was recorded and analyzed using
SPSS v20 univariate and bivariate analysis. A value of p <0.05 has been used to identify factors
associated with liver fibrosis.

Results:
A total of 319 patients with RA were recruited who were on MTX treatment. There were
276 female and 43 male patients (female: male ratio of 6.3). The average age was 53 years + /-12.4
years. The average duration of symptoms was 10.68 +/-6.9 years. RA was seropositive for the
rheumatoid factor or the anti-ccp in 90.3 %. Six patients (2%) had developed liver fibrosis while on
MTX therapy.

:
In the bivariate analysis, the liver fibrosis is significantly related to the hepatic cytolysis (p<0.001)
and to the combination of MTX with other DMARDs (p<0.05). However, the multiple logistic regression
analysis did not find any significant association between the groups.

Conclusion:
In our context, the prevalence rate of hepatic fibrosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
under methotrexate is low. It is seen much more in patients treated with methotrexate in
combination with other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). These results require
confirmation in a larger number of patients.
Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Prebiotic Properties of Fruit and Vegetable By-products - A Mini Review
Authors: de Andrade Roberta M. Silva , de Andrade Gonçalves Édira C.B. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
A large proportion of the global production of fruits and vegetables is
destined for processing by the food industry. This intense process generates tons of by-products,
which may serve as sources of fiber and bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and
carotenoids. Accordingly, numerous studies have investigated the valorization of these by-products
focusing on the extraction of bioactive compounds. However, the total amount of bioactive compounds
ingested may not reflect the amount available for intestinal absorption, which refers to the
bioaccessibility of these compounds. In addition, the interaction of bioactive compounds with dietary
fiber and other nutrients may influence their bioaccessibility and may impair the understanding
of the physiological effects of these by-products as prebiotic potential.

Methods:
The purpose of this mini-review is to summarize the main results obtained in the last
five years regarding the bioaccessibility of the two major bioactive compounds of fruit and vegetable
by-products, i.e., polyphenols and carotenoids, to corroborate the biopotential of this food
matrix. Additionally, this review attempts to elucidate the relationship reported between the composition
of these by-products and the emerging prebiotic property.

Results:
In general, the bioaccessibility of polyphenols and carotenoid compounds from fruit and
vegetable by-products shows high variability, and it is suggested that the composition of the food
matrix is one of the main factors influencing their bioaccessibility. Moreover, a promising prebiotic
effect of these by-products is described.

Conclusion:
The brief literature review with recent studies provide relevant information that may
contribute to using the fruit and vegetable by-products as a natural source of bioactive compounds
and/ or functional ingredient.
Effect of Topography on Maize Grains Elemental Profile: A Chemometric Approach
Authors: Heredia Jorgelina Z. , Moldes Carlos A. , Gil Raúl A. , Camiña José M. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
The elemental composition of maize grains depends on the soil, land and
environment characteristics where the crop grows. These effects are important to evaluate the availability
of nutrients with complex dynamics, such as the concentration of macro and micronutrients in
soils, which can vary according to different topographies. There is available scarce information about
the influence of topographic characteristics (upland and lowland) where culture is developed with the
mineral composition of crop products, in the present case, maize seeds. On the other hand, the study
of the topographic effect on crops using multivariate analysis tools has not been reported.

Objective:
This paper assesses the effect of topographic conditions on plants, analyzing the mineral
profiles in maize seeds obtained in two land conditions: uplands and lowlands.

Materials and Methods:
The mineral profile was studied by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
Samples were collected from lowlands and uplands of cultivable lands of the north-east of
La Pampa province, Argentina.

Results:
Differentiation of maize seeds collected from both topographical areas was achieved by
principal components analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA).
PCA model based on mineral profile allowed to differentiate seeds from upland and lowlands by the
influence of Cr and Mg variables. A significant accumulation of Cr and Mg in seeds from lowlands
was observed. Cluster analysis confirmed such grouping but also, linear discriminant analysis
achieved a correct classification of both the crops, showing the effect of topography on elemental
profile.

Conclusions:
Multi-elemental analysis combined with chemometric tools proved useful to assess the
effect of topographic characteristics on crops.
Ultrasound-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Capillary Electrophoretic Determination of Tramadol in Human Plasma
Authors: Habibollahi Paria , Samadi Azam , Garjani Alireza , Vahdati Samad Shams , Sargazi Hamid-Reza , Jouyban Abolghasem 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Tramadol, (±)-trans-2-[(dimethylamino) methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)
cyclohexanol, is a synthetic centrally acting analgesic used in the treatment of moderate to chronic
pain. Tramadol, like other narcotic drugs, is used for the treatment of pain and may also be abused.
Its overdose can cause adverse effects such as dizziness, vomiting, and nausea. The aim of this paper
is to develop a sample preparation method for the determination of tramadol in human plasma
samples, followed by CE analysis.

Methods:
Ultrasound assisted-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using binary mixed extractant
solvent (chloroform and ethyl acetate) was used for the extraction of one hundred microliters of tramadol
spiked human plasma samples and in real human plasma samples obtained from the patients
with abuse of tramadol. After evaporation of the extractant solvent, the residue was reconstituted in
100 μL deionized water and subsequently analyzed by CE-UV.

Results:
The developed method has remarkable characteristics, including simplicity, good repeatability
and appreciable accuracy. Under the best extraction conditions, a low limit of detection at 7.0 μg
per liter level with good linearity in the range of 0.02-10 μg mL-1 was obtained.

Conclusion:
UA-DLLME, using a binary mixed extraction solvent, was established for the determination
of tramadol in human plasma samples via the CE method with UV-detection. In addition, the
analysis of tramadol in some plasma samples of patients with abuse of tramadol indicated that the
method has acceptable performance for the determination of tramadol in plasma samples, which indicates
that the method is suitable for clinical applications.
Possibility that the Onset of Autism Spectrum Disorder is Induced by Failure of the Glutamine-Glutamate Cycle
Authors: Kawada Koichi , Kuramoto Nobuyuki , Mimori Seisuke 
Published: March 2020

:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease, and the number of patients has increased rapidly in recent years. The causes of ASD involve both genetic and environmental factors, but the details of causation have not yet been fully elucidated. Many reports have investigated genetic factors related to synapse formation, and alcohol and tobacco have been reported as environmental factors. This review focuses on endoplasmic reticulum stress and amino acid cycle abnormalities (particularly glutamine and glutamate) induced by many environmental factors. In the ASD model, since endoplasmic reticulum stress is high in the brain from before birth, it is clear that endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the development of ASD. On the other hand, one report states that excessive excitation of neurons is caused by the onset of ASD. The glutamine-glutamate cycle is performed between neurons and glial cells and controls the concentration of glutamate and GABA in the brain. These neurotransmitters are also known to control synapse formation and are important in constructing neural circuits. Theanine is a derivative of glutamine and a natural component of green tea. Theanine inhibits glutamine uptake in the glutamine-glutamate cycle via slc38a1 without affecting glutamate; therefore, we believe that theanine may prevent the onset of ASD by changing the balance of glutamine and glutamate in the brain.
Recent Advances on Manipulator Trajectory Planning Methods
Authors: Zhang Hongxin , Qiu Haoran , Zhang Xu , Hu Ping 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Traditional manipulator requires professionals to write control programs for
specific job requirements so that the end-effector of the manipulator can work following the control
instructions. However, the flexibility of the manipulator is not high under the control of off-line programming.
With the diversification of the job requirements, the complexity of the work environment
has gradually increased. Therefore, the relevant scholars focused their research on the automatic trajectory
planning method of the manipulator. They used some algorithms to plan optimal trajectories for
the manipulator to automatically avoid obstacles in the complex environment. Researches show that the
hybrid optimal trajectory with parameter optimization such as time, energy and impact can be planned
by automated programming under some constraint conditions. The trajectory planning is helpful to
improve the automation and working efficiency of manipulators for the development of intelligent
manufacturing.

Objective:
Providing references for researchers from related fields by reviewing recent advances of the
manipulator trajectory planning.

Methods:
This paper reviews the latest patents and current representative articles related to the manipulator
trajectory planning. The key methods of some references are introduced in several aspects of the
algorithm, innovation and principle.

Results:
Researches on the manipulator trajectory planning in recent 10 years are reviewed. The differences
between algorithms in latest patents and current articles are introduced and analyzed and the future
developments and potential problems of the manipulator trajectory optimization are discussed.

Conclusion:
The manipulator trajectory planning reduces complicated operator and hard programming
tasks, improving the intelligence of robots and the work efficiency. Current researches focus on collision-
free, parameter-optimized and high-efficiency solution which can be used to solve the problem of
the end-trajectory planning of the manipulator in the complicated space with obstacles. The aspects that
need to be improved in the future include: algorithm reliability, operational security and intelligence,
human-computer interaction, efficient simulation, and so on. More patents on manipulator trajectory
planning should be invented.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MEDIASTINAL TUMORS
Authors: Chikinev Yu. V. , Drobyazgin E. A. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEwas to evaluate the immediate results of treatment of patients with mediastinal tumors.METHODS AND MATERIALS. We treated 240 patients (123 man, 117 woman) with mediastinal tumors. Age range were from 13 to 73 year old. The anterior mediastinum tumors were located in 201 cases, the posterior mediastinal tumors were located in 38 cases. All patients were operated. Video endoscopic technologies were used in 128 cases.RESULTS. Tumor removal was supplemented other operations in 20 cases. Using video thoracoscopic operations, we had six cases of conversion. One patient died during the initial anesthesia due to the increase in tumor compression of the mediastinal structures. There were post operation complications with 21 (8.75 %) patients. Fatal outcome in the early postoperative period was in 6 (2.5 %) patients.CONCLUSION. The tactics of treating patients with mediastinal tumors should be individual and depend on the results of the examination, the localization of the tumor and its connection with the surrounding structures.