bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of molybdenum-containing aldehyde dehydrogenase that oxidizes benzyl maltol derivative from Pseudomonas nitroreducens SB32154
Authors: Kozono Iori , Hibi Makoto , Takeuchi Michiki , Ogawa Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Maltol derivatives are used in a variety of fields due to their metal-chelating abilities. In the previous study, it was found that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, P450nov, which has the ability to effectively convert the 2-methyl group in a maltol derivative, transformed 3-benzyloxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone (BMAL) to 2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(phenylmethoxy)-4H-pyran-4-one (BMAL-OH) and slightly to 3-benzyloxy-4-oxo-4 H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (BMAL-CHO). We isolated Pseudomonas nitroreducens SB32154 with the ability to convert BMAL-CHO to BMAL-COOH from soil. The enzyme responsible for aldehyde oxidation, a BMAL-CHO dehydrogenase, was purified from P. nitroreducens SB32154 and characterized. The purified BMAL-CHO dehydrogenase was found to be a xanthine oxidase family enzyme with unique structure of heterodimer composed of 75 and 15 kDa subunits containing a molybdenum cofactor and [Fe-S] clusters, respectively. The enzyme showed broad substrate specificity toward benzaldehyde derivatives. Furthermore, one-pot conversion of BMAL to BMAL-COOH via BMAL-CHO by the combination of the BMAL-CHO dehydrogenase with P450nov was achieved.
Function of PoLAE2, a laeA homolog, in appressorium formation and cAMP signal transduction in Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Prajanket Pradabrat , Vu Kim-Chi Thi , Arai Jun , Sornkom Worawan , Abe Ayumi , Sone Teruo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A novel homolog of laeA, a global regulatory gene in filamentous fungi, was identified from Pyricularia oryzae. A deletion mutant of the homolog (PoLAE2) exhibited lowered intracellular cAMP levels, and decreased appressorium formation on non-host surface; the decrease was recovered using exogenous cAMP and IBMX, indicating that PoLAE2 deletion affected the cAMP signaling pathway.
A novel robust filter for outliers and time-varying delay on an SINS/USBL integrated navigation model
Authors: Xu Bo , Zhang Jiao , Razzaqi Asghar A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A novel robust filter called a Huber M-estimation delay Kalman filter is proposed for a strapdown inertial navigation system/ultra-short baseline (SINS/USBL) integrated navigation system to deal with time-varying delay in underwater acoustic communication and simultaneously cope with non-Gaussian noises induced by outliers. First, considering the influence of platform error angle, an SINS/USBL integrated navigation system is constructed and, according to the delay characteristics of USBL acoustic communication, a delay system model based on state inversion is derived to deal with the time-varying observations. Second, a linear recursive model based on the delay system model is constructed to update the posterior estimation and covariance matrix by combining it with Huber’s M-estimation theory whose performance has robustness when encountering outliers. Simultaneously, a fixed-point iteration method is introduced to obtain optimal estimation. The proposed algorithm not only solves the time-varying delay problem but also prevents outliers in the process and measurement noises. Simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed filter has improved accuracy and robustness compared with other existing filters.
Relativistic mid-wavelength infrared pulses generated in intense-laser mass-limited target interactions
Authors: Qu J F , Liu P , Liu X Y , Gray R J , McKenna P , Li X F , Kawata S , Kong Q 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Infrared spectroscopy, ultra-fast x-ray high harmonic generation, and time-resolved imaging of molecular structures benefit from the availability of intense mid-infrared wavelength pulses. Here we present a new approach to generating these, in which an intense short laser pulse is incident upon a near-critical density, spherical, mass-limited carbon target. After the laser pulse interaction, the carbon ions produced form a central force field. Plasma electrons accelerated by the laser return to the positively charged carbon target under the action of this field. The energy of these electrons is reduced and is lower than their energy in the laser field. These low-energy refluxing electrons start to oscillate with a rotating figure-of-eight motion around the positively charged carbon target and emit relativistically intense mid-infrared pulses with the wavelength in the range 1 to 4 μm.
Enhanced sensitivity of optical gyroscope in a mechanical parity-time-symmetric system based on exceptional point
Authors: Mao Xuan , Qin Guo-Qing , Yang Hong , Zhang Hao , Wang Min , Long Gui-Lu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
High-sensitivity gyroscope is widely used for rotation detection in several practical applications. Recently, exceptional points (EPs) have garnered considerable attention for enhancing the sensitivity of sensors based on optical cavities. Here, we propose an EP-enhanced optical gyroscope based on mechanical parity-time (PT) symmetry in a microcavity system. We demonstrate that by pumping the two optical modes with different colors, i.e., blue and red detuning, an effective mechanical PT-symmetric system can be obtained, and the system can be prepared at EP with appropriate parameters. The sensitivity of gyroscope at EP was enhanced by more than one order of magnitude in the weak perturbation regime as compared to that at diabolic point. This indicates that the sensitivity of gyroscope can be effectively enhanced by monitoring the mechanical modes rather than the optical modes. Overall, our work provides a promising approach to design high-sensitivity gyroscopes in optical microcavities and is potentially useful in a variety of research fields including fundamental physics and precision measurement.
Bioprosthetic heart valves with reduced immunogenic residuals using vacuum-assisted decellularization treatment
Authors: Luo Yu , Ma Lie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Despite the good hemodynamic characteristics of bioprosthetic heart valves, it is inevitable that they will suffer from calcification and tissue deterioration. Decellularization has been utilized to reduce the immunogenicity and calcification of bioprosthetic heart valves. However, it can take several days or even weeks to obtain the decellularized tissues or organs. Therefore, time-frame should be taken into consideration during the decellularization process. A detergent-enzymatic-method, combined with vacuum, has been proposed as a method of obtaining desirable decellularized heart valves. In this study, heart valves treated under vacuum and normal atmosphere are investigated via histological, biochemical and mechanical analysis. The results show that the decellularization efficiency of heart valves treated under vacuum is enhanced, based on histological staining, DNA contents and α-Gal quantification. The decellularization procedures decrease the contents of the extracellular matrix. However, the mechanical properties, including elastic modulus, fracture tensile strength and fracture strain, show no significant difference between the samples. In vitro cell cytotoxicity experiments indicate the feasibility of further in vivo experiments. Therefore, we conclude that vacuum-assisted decellularization procedures can significantly enhance decellularization efficiency by reducing the decellularization time, without compromising the properties of the heart valves, which is also beneficial in terms of reducing clinical costs. To the best of our knowledge, vacuum is a novel parameter which can be designed into decellularization procedures for heart valves.
Modeling of cutting of stainless steel AISI 304 by abrasive water jet
Authors: Miao Xiaojin , Wu Meiping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Abrasive water jet (AWJ) has distinct advantages in machining stainless steel, titanium alloy and other metals because of its high machining ability and cold working characteristics. In this paper, the depth of cutting stainless steel AISI 304 by abrasive water jet was studied, so as to provide guidance for reasonable setting of process parameters. Firstly, the effect mechanism of main process parameters on cutting depth was analyzed. Then, the simulation model was built by the method of SPH coupled FEM to simulate the erosion process of abrasive water jet. Then, the material removal volume was studied from the micro and macro perspectives. Based on the essential equivalent relationship between the two aspects, the parametric model of cutting depth was deduced. Finally, the two models were compared and verified. The results show that the parametric model can be used to predict the cutting depth of AISI 304 and guide the setting of process parameters.
Coupling colloidal quantum dots to a dielectric slot-waveguide
Authors: Israelsen Niels M , Lu Ying-Wei , Andersen Ulrik L , Huck Alexander 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The coupling between single photon emitters and integrated photonic circuits is an emerging topic relevant for quantum information science and other nanophotonic applications. We investigate the coupling between a hybrid system of colloidal quantum dots and propagating modes of a silicon nitride waveguide system. We furthermore explore the local density of optical states of the system by using a scanning probe technique and find that the quantum dots couple significantly to the photonic circuit. Our results indicate that a scalable slot-waveguide might serve as a promising platform in future developments of integrated quantum circuitry.
Low Skeletal Muscle Index Adjusted for Body Mass Index Is an Independent Risk Factor for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgical Complications
Authors: Berger Matthew , Yamada Akihiro , Komaki Yuga , Komaki Fukiko , Cohen Russell D , Dalal Sushila , Hurst Roger D , Hyman Neil , Pekow Joel , Shogan Benjamin D , Umanskiy Konstantin , Rubin David T , Sakuraba Atsushi , Micic Dejan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to evaluate sarcopenia defined by skeletal muscle index (SMI) with cutoffs adjusted for sex and body mass index as a predictive marker for postoperative outcomes among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease.MethodsThe SMI was measured using the cross-sectional computed tomography images at the lumbar spine. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors of postoperative complications.ResultsNinety-one patients were included in the study. In multivariate analysis, sarcopenia (odds ratio = 5.37; confidence interval: 1.04–27.6) was predictive of infectious postoperative complications.ConclusionsSarcopenia as defined by the SMI is a predictor for 30-day postoperative infection complications in inflammatory bowel disease surgeries.
A benchmark case study for seismic event relative location
Authors: Gibbons S J , Kværna T , Tiira T , Kozlovskaya E 
Published: July 2020

Summary
‘Precision seismology’ encompasses a set of methods which use differential measurements of time-delays to estimate the relative locations of earthquakes and explosions. Delay-times estimated from signal correlations often allow far more accurate estimates of one event location relative to another than is possible using classical hypocentre determination techniques. Many different algorithms and software implementations have been developed and different assumptions and procedures can often result in significant variability between different relative event location estimates. We present a Ground Truth (GT) dataset of 55 military surface explosions in northern Finland in 2007 that all took place within 300 m of each other. The explosions were recorded with a high signal-to-noise ratio to distances of about 2°, and the exceptional waveform similarity between the signals from the different explosions allows for accurate correlation-based time-delay measurements. With exact coordinates for the explosions, we are able to assess the fidelity of relative location estimates made using any location algorithm or implementation. Applying double-difference calculations using two different 1-D velocity models for the region results in hypocentre-to-hypocentre distances which are too short and it is clear that the wavefield leaving the source region is more complicated than predicted by the models. Using the GT event coordinates, we are able to measure the slowness vectors associated with each outgoing ray from the source region. We demonstrate that, had such corrections been available, a significant improvement in the relative location estimates would have resulted. In practice we would of course need to solve for event hypocentres and slowness corrections simultaneously, and significant work will be needed to upgrade relative location algorithms to accommodate uncertainty in the form of the outgoing wavefield. We present this data set, together with GT coordinates, raw waveforms for all events on six regional stations, and tables of time-delay measurements, as a reference benchmark by which relative location algorithms and software can be evaluated.
Newly emerged immunogenic neoantigens in established tumors enable hosts to regain immunosurveillance in a T-cell-dependent manner
Authors: Muramatsu Tomoaki , Noguchi Takuro , Sugiyama Daisuke , Kanada Yoshie , Fujimaki Kaori , Ito Sachiko , Gotoh Momokazu , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tumor neoantigens derived from genetic alterations are potential T-cell targets for antitumor immunity. However, tumors develop immune escape mechanisms including loss of preexisting neoantigens and/or impairment of T-cell responses during tumor development and progression. Here, we addressed whether newly emerged immunogenic neoantigens in established tumors enabled hosts to inhibit tumor growth via controlling immune escape mechanisms. Using a doxycycline-driven gene expression system, we generated murine MC38, CT26 (colorectal cancer) and B16 (melanoma) cell lines with inducible expression of model immunogenic neoantigens such as chicken ovalbumin and human NY-ESO-1. A model neoantigen was induced by doxycycline administration in the tumors once tumors became palpable. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited upon induction of the neoantigen and this inhibition was abrogated in nude mice lacking T cells and in mice deprived of CD8+ T cells, indicating the critical role of CD8+ T cells in tumor regression. In addition, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade further augmented the antitumor immune response, resulting in a far stronger inhibition of tumor growth. Accordingly, newly emerged tumor neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells with enhanced effector functions were significantly increased in mice treated with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. We propose that a newly emerged neoantigen is sufficient to inhibit tumor growth via preventing immune escape in a T-cell-dependent manner. Our results imply that induction of immunogenic tumor neoantigens is a novel strategy to overcome the resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Nosema ceranae (Microspora: Nosematidae): A Sweet Surprise? Investigating the Viability and Infectivity of N. ceranae Spores Maintained in Honey and on Beeswax
Authors: MacInnis Courtney I , Keddie B Andrew , Pernal Stephen F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nosema disease is a prominent malady among adult honey bees [Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)], caused by the microsporidian parasites, Nosema apis Zander (Microspora: Nosematidae) and N. ceranae Fries et al. 1996. The biology of N. apis is well understood, as this parasite was first described over a century ago. As N. ceranae is an emerging parasite of the honey bee, we do not yet understand how long spores of this parasite survive in honey bee colonies, or all the potential modes of transmission among bees. We investigated the viability and infectivity of N. ceranae spores in honey and on beeswax over time after exposure to 33, 20, −12, and −20°C. Spores in honey maintained viability at freezing temperatures for up to 1 yr and remained viable considerably longer than those on beeswax. Based on this evidence, honey may act as an important reservoir for infective spores to initiate or perpetuate N. ceranae infections in honey bee colonies. This work provides information that may help enhance current management recommendations for apiculturalists.
Improving Provider Resilience by Reestablishing Connection: Moving From Self-Awareness to Seeing-Awareness
Authors: Linde Sarah 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Today’s healthcare environment is predictably unpredictable and increasingly complex, thus challenging the intellectual, emotional, physical, and spiritual limits in all of us, and resulting in real consequences such as provider turnover, burnout, shortages, and poor patient health outcomes. Strengthening our resilience results in part from reclaiming hold on our most powerful gift, the ability to choose how we see things. Identifying and shifting our mindset, and especially to an outward mindset in which we clearly see and connect with others around us, will restore the healing in healthcare.
Changes in Social Support and Relational Mutuality as Moderators in the Association Between Heart Failure Patient Functioning and Caregiver Burden
Authors: Cooney Teresa M. , Proulx Christine M. , Bekelman David B. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Caregivers to patients with heart failure (HF) may experience substantial burden in their roles, yet little is known about factors that exacerbate caregiver burden over time.

Objectives
We test the moderating role of changes in caregivers' social support and patient-caregiver relationship mutuality in the association between HF patient functioning and caregiver burden.

Methods
Data were analyzed using Stata 13.1 for 100 HF primary caregivers, the majority of whom were female (81%), living with the patient (87%), and married or partnered to the patient (70%). Patients reported on dyspnea, disability level, and symptom severity, and caregivers reported on patient-caregiver mutuality, social support, and perceived caregiver burden at both baseline and a 12-month follow-up.

Results
Regression analyses using the Structural Equation Modeling framework revealed that declines in caregiver-patient mutuality over the 12 months of the study amplified the association between patient functioning (ie, dyspnea, symptom severity, and disability) and caregiver burden. Change in social support did not significantly moderate the association between any of the patient functioning variables and caregiver burden.

Conclusions
Caregivers' relationships with their care recipient shape how they respond to and interpret the demands of caregiving, and relationships experiencing negative changes over time contribute to caregiver burden. Promoting and sustaining positive social relationships within the caregiver-patient dyad is thus a promising avenue for interventions aimed at reducing the burden experienced by caregivers to patients with HF.
Frailty Syndrome: A Risk Factor Associated With Violence in Older Adults
Authors: dos Santos Renata Clemente , Menezes Rejane Maria de Paiva , Souto Rafaella Queiroga , de Araújo Gleicy Karine Nascimento , Marcolino Emanuella de Castro , Soares Maria Cidney da Silva , Almeida Jank Landy Simôa 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of this study was to analyze the association between frailty syndrome as a risk factor associated with violence in older adults.

Method
A cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults, in an emergency care unit of a northeastern Brazilian city was conducted. Three instruments were used: a form for sample characterization (i.e., demographics) and two more scales, namely, the Edmonton Frail Scale and the Hwalek–Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test. The results were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, Spearman's correlation test, and simple logistic regression.

Results
The sample included 146 older adults who were over 70 years old (56.6%), male (56.2%), and at risk of violence (69.86%). Among the categorical variables, there was an association between risk and being of a higher age (80.7%, p < 0.001), unemployed (73.7%, p < 0.05), having more than six children (80.8%, p < 0.05), and frail older adults (88.1%, p < 0.001). There was a correlation (p < 0.05) between the numerical variables of the scales of violence and frailty, with a coefficient of 0.40. The simple logistic regression model showed that frailty syndrome increases the risk of violence among older adults.

Conclusions
It was concluded that frailty is a factor that increases the occurrence of risk of violence and provides information to guide nursing action in the field of forensic sciences.
Prospective Analysis of a Novel Endobronchial Augmented Fluoroscopic Navigation System for Diagnosis of Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Pritchett Michael A. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Navigational bronchoscopy has improved upon traditional bronchoscopy to identify suspicious pulmonary lesions, but wide variability exists in the diagnostic yield of various modalities. The aim of this study was to measure localization accuracy and diagnostic yield of a novel endobronchial augmented fluoroscopic navigation system (first-generation LungVision system) for peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs).

Methods:
This prospective single-center study included adults undergoing guided bronchoscopy to evaluate PPLs. Preprocedure computed tomography (CT) images were obtained, and planning software calculated a pathway to the lesion. A flexible bronchoscope was used to navigate along the pathway overlaid on the intraprocedural fluoroscopic image. When real-time display indicated the catheter tip had reached the lesion, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the actual location of the tip. Biopsy and rapid on-site cytopathologic evaluation were performed.

Results:
Fifty-one patients were included in the analysis. The median lesion diameter was 18.0 mm (range: 7.0 to 48.0 mm). Localization success was 96.1%. The average distance between lesion location as shown by LungVision augmented fluoroscopy and actual location measured by CBCT was 5.9 mm (range: 2.1 to 10.0 mm). Diagnostic yield at the index procedure was 78.4%. Diagnostic accuracy assessed at 12 months follow-up was 88.2%. Average CT-to-body divergence was 14.5 mm (range: 2.6 to 33.0 mm) from preprocedure CT to intraprocedural CBCT images.

Conclusion:
Augmented fluoroscopy for navigation and biopsy of PPLs with the LungVision system showed a high localization success rate and corresponding high diagnostic yield. Navigation and biopsy with real-time visualization can improve diagnostic yield for PPLs.