bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and genotypic characterization of zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasites in transboundary migratory Mongolian Gazelles (Procapra gutturosa): the first survey
Authors: Gao Sichao , Hu Bin , Li Gaojian , An Xing , Xing Yanan , Han Shuyi , Chun Yan , Han Lingling , Xi Du , Li Wenchao , He Hongxuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The migration of Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa) poses a potential risk of outbreak for zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasite infections. This study aims to investigate the infection status of zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasites in these migratory Mongolian gazelles. We collected 120 fecal samples from Mongolian gazelles during their migration from Mongolia to China in December 2023. These samples were analysed using amplification and sequencing of partial SSU rRNA genes to detect the 4 presence of zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasites and characterize their genotypes. Our analysis revealed the presence of several zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasites in the sampled Mongolian gazelles. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 14.17% (17/120) of the samples, followed by Cystoisospora belli in 13.33% (16/120), Blastocystis sp. in 16.67% (20/120) and Cyclospora cayetanensis in 30.00% (36/120). Moreover, we identified novel host-adapted genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and C. belli, as well as the presence of ST2 and ST13 Blastocystis sp. subtypes, while distinct genotypes were found in Blastocystis sp. and C. cayetanensis. This study revealed the status of 4 prevalent zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasite infections in Mongolian gazelles and provided crucial insights into their characteristics. The prevalence of these parasites in the population highlights the potential risk of cross-border transmission of infectious diseases associated with long-distance migration. Furthermore, the identification of novel genotypes contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and adaptation of these parasites. These findings can inform the development of protective measures to mitigate the impact of these infections on the health and survival of Mongolian gazelles.
An Indian Jewish Commandant and a Muslim Begum
Authors: Weil Shalva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article explores the oral narratives about Samuel Ezekiel Divekar (1730–97), an officer in the British army and a member of the Bene Israel Indian Jewish community, who was released from the prison of Tipu Sultan (1751–99) by the Muslim ruler’s mother, Begum Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa. These foundational narratives are compared with non-native colonial and other sources, including manuscripts, books, letters and reports located in libraries and archives, in order to see whether there is any synchronicity between the different versions. Of particular interest is the gender dimension in which Divekar’s release from prison was facilitated by a Muslim woman, reminiscent of the biblical story of Joseph and Potiphar’s wife in Egypt. Although prominent in the Bene Israel communal narrative, the Begum’s role is reflected neither in colonial records nor in other accounts (notably, in Cochin Jewish letters). Finally, the question of whether Divekar brought a Torah scroll to the Gate of Mercy synagogue (so named to commemorate the compassion of the Begum) established in 1796 in Bombay is discussed. The article demonstrates that the analysis of subaltern oral narratives can enrich our understanding of history by giving a voice to marginalised groups, and focusing on suppressed narratives about gender.
Nutritional characterization and identification of sweet tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) accessions from the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Chaturvedi Kanupriya , G Karunakaran , Satisha G. C. , Singh Pritee , Nag S. K. , Kumar Prakash 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the genetic variability present in tamarind fruits. A survey and collection of twenty-nine tamarind accessions from the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh was conducted, focusing on morphological traits, biochemical properties, and mineral content. The analysis revealed significant variation in fruit characteristics, including pod weight (91.1–528.3 g), pod length (4.11–15.39 cm), pulp weight (32.88–275.68 g), number of seeds (26–237), seed weight (23.14–214.08 g), pulp percentage (26.43–52.18%), vitamin C content (54.5–92 mg/100 g), phenolic content (51.53–296.4 mg GAE/g fw), flavonoid content (75.91–280.88 mg QE/ 100 g fw), acidity (5.3–12.60%), reducing sugars (24.67–68.29%), total sugars (24.89–78.87%), calcium (0.15–1.28%), and iron content (26.6–125.7 ppm) across different accessions. Based on the overall evaluation, five accessions B21, B26, B15, B25, and B7 with the best combination of desirable fruit traits, were identified as the most promising. Additionally, five sweet accessions with acidity levels below 6% were identified (B26, B21, B15, B12, B11). Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied, identifying five principal components that accounted for 86.73% of the total variability. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between pod weight and pulp weight (r = 0.93), shell weight (r = 0.70), number of seeds (r = 0.89), and seed weight (r = 0.89). The biplot of PC1 and PC2 illustrated the distribution of accessions across all four quadrants, with B27, B8, B26, B29, B14, B18, and B13 displaying distinct differences from one another.
Störungen des Mineral- und Knochenhaushalts bei chronischen Nierenkrankheiten
Authors: Ketteler Markus 
Published: December 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm Jahr 2017 wurde das letzte Update der Leitlinien zu den Störungen des Mineral- und Knochenhaushalts bei chronischen Nierenkrankheiten (CKD-MBD: „chronic kidney disease – mineral and bone disorders“) der Initiative KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) publiziert. Seitdem haben sich neue Erkenntnisse zu Themen wie Knochenqualität und -umsatz im Kontext der Osteoporose, dem Umgang mit progressiven Gefäßverkalkungen, der Einschätzung des Vitamin-D-Status und der Regulation des Parathormons (PTH) ergeben. Dieser Übersichtsartikel benennt exemplarisch diese teilweise neuen Einschätzungen und stellt potenzielle Auswirkungen auf zukünftige diagnostische und therapeutische Verfahrensweisen dar.
Vitamin-C-Mangel: Welche Rolle spielt er bei Schmerzen?
Authors: Söchtig Melanie 
Published: December 2024

SummaryWährend eine ausreichende Versorgung mit Vitamin C in der Regel durch eine gesundheitsfördernde Ernährung mit ausreichend Obst und Gemüse gewährleistet ist, steigt das Risiko für einen Vitamin-C-Mangel in bestimmten Situationen. Dazu gehören Infektionen, Krebs- und chronisch-entzündliche Erkrankungen sowie Operationen oder Traumata. Studien zeigen, dass hochdosierte Vitamin-C-Infusionen diesen Mangel wirksam ausgleichen und Schmerzen lindern können. Um einen klinischen Vitamin-C-Mangel bei Erkrankungen, die mit Entzündungen und oxidativem Stress einhergehen, zu beseitigen, sind hohe Konzentrationen von Vitamin C im Blut erforderlich. Diese können nicht durch enterale, sondern nur durch intravenöse Vitamin-C-Gaben erreicht werden.
New Insights on the Clinical Significance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA Load in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia
Authors: Chen Yu , Lin ChenXi , Huang Rui , Chen Qi , Zhang Min , Chen Ling , Lai XingQian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to assess the consistency of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-DNA load in the respiratory tracts, its correlation with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) manifestations, and its predictive value for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP).
Methods A retrospective study was performed on a cohort of MPP cases, including 215 patients with positive nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) MP-DNA and 59 with positive bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) MP-DNA. Patients were categorized into two groups based on MP-DNA load: low load (≤106/mL) and high load (>106/mL). The consistency of MP-DNA load in NPA and BALF was determined by Spearman's correlation coefficient. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were compared, and the predictive value of NPA MP-DNA for RMPP was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results A strong correlation was observed between NPA and BALF MP-DNA. High-load groups in both had longer fever durations and more pronounced increases in C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin (p < 0.05). Routine-dose glucocorticoids were more required for patients exhibiting high MP-DNA loads, regardless of the source of the sample. The area under the curve for predicting RMPP using NPA MP-DNA load was 0.861, with 92.9% sensitivity and 67.9% specificity at a cutoff of 9.5 × 105/mL.
Conclusion The NPA MP-DNA load reflects the severity of pulmonary inflammatory response. Increased MP-DNA load in both the upper and lower airways is associated with longer fever and increased inflammation, indicating a need for glucocorticoid therapy. NPA MP-DNA can predict RMPP with high sensitivity.
Dependence of spin states on thermoelectric quantities in a single-layer FeCl2
Authors: Prayitno Teguh Budi , Susanti Dwi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Some thermoelectric quantities were considered under the spin states, i.e., spin-up and spin-down states, in a single-layer FeCl2. It covers the Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivities, and figure of merit. We first examined the band structure for the spin-up and spin-down states based on density functional theory in the collinear ferromagnetic state. From the separated energy states, the Seebeck coefficients were computed under the Boltzmann transport theory. We found that only the spin-down state, which creates a metallic state, contributes to the thermoelectric performance. Even though the peak of the figure of merit is far from the Fermi level, this can be shifted by doping.
Biodegradation of polyblend polystyrene plastic film with poly(ε-caprolactone) produced using bis(β-diketonato)zirconium(IV) catalyst complex in landfill soil media
Authors: Siregar Rudi Munzirwan , Yusuf Muhammad , Utama Erwinsyah , Wulandari Innayah , Apriwidyanti Wella , Noufal Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Household items such as disposable tableware, CD and DVD cases, meat trays, and packaging extensively utilize Polystyrene (PS). Due to their practicality, PS are often chosen for household purposes, especially as packaging. However, its widespread use contributes to environmental pollution because it is resistant to decomposition. To enhance the degradability of PS, it should be blended with easily degradable polymers in nature like poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). In this study, bis(β-diketonato)zirconium(IV) complex served as a catalyst to polymerize ε-CL and produce PCL. The aim of this research was to investigate the ability of landfill soil to degrade PS/PCL polyblend plastic film over a 60-day period. The results of the biodegradation test show that the PCL component in the PS/PCL polyblend plastic film influences the plastic film’s decomposition rate.
Estimation of cyclotron–based 161Tb production yields via 160Gd(d, n)161Tb nuclear reaction
Authors: Glumac P , Cherepennikov Yu M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Theoretical yield of cyclotron-based production route for 161Tb isotope using enriched oxide target, relying on the nuclear reaction 160Gd (d, n)161Tb, is calculated. The yield of 161Tb and radioactive impurities (160Tb and 161Gd) is calculated for range of initial deuteron energies up to 30 MeV, as well as suitable target thickness for each of the energies. Initial particle energy of 20 MeV can be considered preferable in such production line, since further increase of energy (over 10-12 MeV) leads to cross section decrease for the targeted isotope and the yield curve slightly flattens, and is yet achievable for existing cyclotrons. It is concluded that evaluated production route cannot produce carrier-free 161Tb under considered conditions. To obtain results on stopping power and particle range SRIM software was used.
On measuring the number of passes of electrons through thin internal targets of a betatron
Authors: Uglov S.R. , Vukolov A.V. , Shevelev M.V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The results of testing the method for measuring the number of passes of the betatron electron beam through a thin internal target are presented. The method is based on comparing the intensity of the characteristic X-ray radiation (CXR) emitted by a “thin” and “thick single-pass” targets.
Physiological response of soybean (Glycine max L.) with various compositions of urea and palm sugar stem bagasse with decomposer and biochar
Authors: Sarjiyah  , Aini L N , Dewi R S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The excessive inorganic fertilizers detain Indonesian soybean yield improvement as it results in a decrease in soil fertility. The addition of organic fertilizers can recover soil fertility. This study investigated the organic fertilizers with different compositions of urea and palm sugar stem bagasse (PSSB) for their effect on soybeans’ physiological response and yield. Moreover, adding decomposer and biochar to the organic fertilizer was also evaluated. The research employed an experimental approach with a completely randomized design. All measurements were conducted in triplicates. The study found a correlation between the composition of urea and PSSB with decomposition treatment towards stomata density after six weeks of planting. Soybeans with higher stomata density were seen in soybean plants that applied 75% PSSB + 25% urea and decomposer, as well as urea-only fertilizers without decomposers. No significant difference was shown in different urea and PSSB compositions towards other physiological responses of soybeans. Biochar addition to soybean plants can increase stomata density after three weeks of planting and its relative growth rate.
Diversity and Population of Weeds Propagules in Soybean at Various Soil Depths
Authors: Setiawan A N , Agustin A , Isnawan B H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Weeds can cause losses in soybean crops of up to 80%. Weed propagules influence weed population and diversity in the soil. This research aims to obtain the diversity and population of weed propagules in soybean fields with various soil depths. This research was conducted using surveys and interviews in soybean fields in Dlingo District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The survey method was carried out by taking samples of weeds and soil in three plots of soybean land with a depth of 0 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm using quadrats in three observation plots measuring 30 cm × 30 cm as well as an interview method to find out how soybean cultivation is carried out. Weed samples and soil samples were collected three weeks after planting (vegetative phase), six weeks after planting (flowering), nine weeks after planting (pod formation), and 11 weeks after planting (ripe pods), so there were 36 sample points in one shot in one phase. The results showed that weed propagules in soybean fields at a 0-10 cm soil depth had higher diversity than at a 20-30 cm soil depth. The weeds that dominate soybean plantations are Portulaca oleracea, Euphorbia prostrata, Oldenlandia corymbosa, and Cleome rutidosperma. Soil depth influences the population of weed propagules in soybean plantations. A soil depth of 0 cm has the highest population of weed propagules, and the population decreases in deeper soil. The results of this research can be used as a reference in determining appropriate methods of controlling weed propagules in soybean fields. The results of this research can be used as a reference in deciding appropriate weed control methods for weed conditions in soybean fields
Economic performance analysis of biomass burner integrated with a multi-level heat exchanger for tea drying process
Authors: Haditanto M , Syahputra M H , Harianto S , Hajad M , Purwantana B 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Energy costs commonly account for 59.55% of total green tea processing costs in tea industry, with drying, which uses LPG, being the most expensive. Biomass pellets provide potential solution for reducing energy costs. A biomass pellet burner has been designed to optimize the use of biomass pellets, analysis was conducted to assess its economic potential. The analysis shows that the biomass burner with wood pellets provides drying cost of Rp2,859.92/kg dried tea, saving 26% compared to the LPG burner used at RITC Gambung. Economic performance was also analyzed for mixed pellets (70% sawdust and 30% charcoal) and charcoal pellets. The lowest drying costs are wood pellets (Rp2,859.92/kg dried tea), followed by mixed pellets (Rp3,057.52/kg dried tea) and charcoal pellets (Rp3,239.52/kg dried tea). The biomass pellet burner with wood pellet can break even at a sales volume of 12,372.75 kg dried tea/year. Over five years, it is projected to achieve net present value (NPV) of Rp610,233,641.88, an internal rate of return (IRR) of 33%, a payback period (PBP) of 2.39 years, and a benefit-cost ratio (B/C) of 1.15. These results suggest significant potential for replacing the LPG burner on the ball tea dryer at tea industries.
Characterization of Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) from Steam-exploded Palm Oil Kernel Fibers Followed by Supermasscolloider
Authors: Sholahuddin Sholahuddin , Arinawati Dian Yosi , Setiawan Chandra Kurnia , Utama Nafi Ananda , Prabasari Indira , Budiyanto Gunawan , Thien Dihn Gia , Nakamura Yoshitoshi , Asada Chikako 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Palm oil industry produced several lignocellulosic biomass wastes that could be utilized as a renewable and sustainable resource for biomaterial. Recently, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) has become a biopolymer with various advantages, which has attracted the interest of researchers in its development. This study focused on the development and characterized the CNF from palm oil kernel fibers via steam explosion pretreatment (35 ATM, 243 °C, 5 minutes resident time, severity factor/R0 4.91) followed by water-acetone extraction and delignification process. The nanosizing process used a supermasscolloider, resulting in various CNF diameters with 53.9-134 nm. The Molecular weight was 43211 Da with 266 degrees of polymerization (DPw) and 1.52 dL/g intrinsic viscosity (η). The CNF kernel fibers resulted in satisfying mechanical properties, where the tensile strength was 75.23 MPa with 119.22 GPa Young’s modulus and 2.95 elongations at break. The thermal characterization resulted in weight loss at 5 % (Td5) 121.22, 285.74, and 319 °C for Td10 and Td30, respectively, with CNF starting to lose its weight (Ts) at 117.54 °C. The glass transition (Tg) of the CNF kernel fibers was 80.53 °C. Other than that, the fingerprinting via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy detected the hydroxyl group (OH), which could be a carrier agent for various compound incorporation and surface modification.
Microbes population and activities of Inceptisol in the highland date palm plantation of Karo Regency based on different varieties and soil depth
Authors: Sebayang N U W , Pratama F , Lubis N 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The productivity of Inceptisol as a highland date cultivation area in Karo Regency is limited by the low availability of nutrients and low levels of organic matter. Organic matter is a very important factor in the activities of various microorganisms in the soil. The aim of this research was to calculate the population and assess microbial activity in Inceptisol soil in highland date palm plantations in Karo Regency based on different date palm varieties. This research was conducted using a survey method. The sampling technique was carried out using purposive random sampling. Sampling is differentiated based on the Ajwa and Barhee date palm varieties in some soil dephts, there are 0-20cm, 20-40cm, and 40-60cm. Observations carried out in the laboratory include calculating the total population of bacteria and fungi (CFU/ml) and microorganism activity including respiration of microorganisms (mg CO2/100 g soil/day) and biomass C of microorganisms (mg C/mg soil). The results showed that date palm varieties and Inceptisol soil depth in highland date palm fields had differences in microbial populations (bacteria and fungi) and microbial activity (respiration and microbial biomass). The Ajwa variety has the highest microbial population and microbial activity at the topsoil depth (0-20 cm) compared to the Barhee variety. Soil depth also influences the population and activity of microbes which are closely related to the availability of food sources for energy, namely organic material which is usually abundant in the topsoil of the soil.
Everything is Something
Authors: de Harven Vanessa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chapter 16 argues that Seneca’s rejection of Something should not lead us to think Stoic theory evolved in this regard. Seneca calls himself out as heterodox in rejecting Something and does not speak as a Stoic when he embraces quod est instead. Thus, the Stoic commitment to Something as the highest ontological genus stands as orthodox. Something is set over what exists and what subsists. What exists are bodies, and individual bodies can be analyzed according to four metaphysical aspects, the Categories. What subsists includes, on the one hand, the incorporeals (place, room, surface, void, time, and the lekta), and on the other hand what is neither corporeal nor incorporeal (limits of the continuum, geometrical limits, and creatures of fiction). The tripartite ontology is therefore principled, coherent, and comprehensive as it is, with no Not-Somethings in the picture—everything there is for the Stoics is Something.
Optimal Taxation, Informality, and Welfare: Redistribution Costs and Efficiency Gains
Authors: Doligalski Paweł , Rojas Luis E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We characterize the welfare effects of the informal sector by proposing a decomposition into efficiency and redistribution components. We focus on an economy where a planner wants to redistribute income with taxation and sets the optimal tax scheme. Since the informal sector can limit the taxation possibilities for the government but at the same time provide a shelter against tax distortions for individuals, we show that the net welfare effect can be positive or negative. We show that the relative advantage between informal and formal employment across different income levels is the key dimension that shapes the welfare costs of the informal sector. Using the model estimated with Colombian microdata, we show that, conditional on the optimal tax policy, the Colombian shadow economy benefits efficiency at the expense of redistribution. Consequently, the presence of the informal sector reduces welfare only when preferences for redistribution are strong. (JEL codes: H21, H26, J46).