bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análisis de necesidades de formación continua de directores de tesis para la tutoría de estudiantes de doctorado
Authors: Escolástica Macias Gomez , Lago de Fernandez Carmen Cecilia , José Luis Aguilera Garcia , Lago de Vergara Diana 
Published: October 2020

El desarrollo progresivo, sostenible y equitativo de los países sólo es posible si en ellos se ofrece una educación con calidad (ONU, 2018), entendida como propiedades que se manifiestan en acciones cualificadas. Por tanto, la buena calidad es intrínseca al nivel de formación de quienes realizan acciones altamente especializadas para el aprovechamiento de las riquezas de un país. Esto exige compromisos importantes de las Instituciones de Educación Superior, especialmente, en la formación de docentes investigadores.
En este artículo se destaca la importancia de la formación de los profesores para las tutorías de las tesis doctorales y se expone parte de un proyecto de investigación cuyo objetivo es identificar necesidades de formación continua de los directores de tesis doctorales; concretamente, en la Universidad de Cartagena de Indias. La finalidad del estudio es determinar lineamientos que orienten el diseño e implantación de un programa de formación continua para fortalecer conocimientos y habilidades investigativas de directores de tesis doctoral sobre procedimientos, métodos y técnicas de investigación científica actualizados. El programa que proponemos es exigente, sistemático e internacional, congruente con el entorno mundial, procurando un trabajo interinstitucional y con proyección en la mejora para el logro de ciudades inclusivas, seguras, resilientes y sostenibles.
Damascius on Self-Constituted Realities
Authors: Vlad Marilena 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article analyzes the concept ofself-constitutionin Damascius’ treatisesDe principiisandIn Parmenidem. On the one hand, I try to see how self-constitution functions within the framework of reality. I identify the different levels of self-constituted reality (τὸ αὐθυπόστατον), showing that each of these levels is also constituted by the absolute One, which is the cause of all things. Self-constitution is present throughout the process in which the One is slowly in labor towards plurality, starting from the highest level of intelligible being down to the level of the particular soul. On the other hand, I also try to show how self-constitution appears at a discursive level. In this context I discuss its crucial role in Damascius’ interpretation of the second and third hypotheses in Plato’s dialogueParmenides.
Sclerostin and osteoprotegerin: new markers of chronic kidney disease mediated mineral and bone disease in children
Authors: Guven Sercin , Gokce Ibrahim , Cicek Neslihan , Yaman Ali , Vatansever Pinar , Alpay Harika 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sclerostin and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are new markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) mediated mineral bone disease (CKD-MBD) which were extensively evaluated in adult population. We aimed to evaluate the associations between serum levels of sclerostin/OPG and parameters of bone turnover and compare the serum levels of sclerostin/OPG in different stages of CKD in children.

Methods
70 children with CKD stage 1-5, aged 2-21 years were examined. Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, total calcium, phosphorus , intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and vitamin D were measured. Serum sclerostin and OPG levels were measured in children with different levels of CKD stage and their association with bone turnover parameters were noted.

Results
We did not observe any significant correlation between serum levels of sclerostin and OPG and stages of CKD. A negative relationship was present between serum sclerostin and 25-OH vitamin D levels. Osteoprotegerin was positively and significantly correlated with ALP but serum sclerostin was negatively correlated with ALP.

Conclusion
Our study, which includes only children and adolescents with a growing skeleton under uremic conditions and excluding diabetes and atherosclerosis interference, is very valuable. We couldn't find any significant relationship between either sclerostin or OPG levels among different stages of CKD. Also our study demonstared a strong negative relationship between ALP and sclerostin levels and a strong positive relationship between ALP and OPG levels, reminding the importance of ALP levels to predict the bone-mineral status of the children with CKD.
A 24-segment fractional shortening of the fetal heart using FetalHQ
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Koyanagi Aya , Yamanishi Tomomi , Bouno Saori , Takayoshi Riko , Mostafa AboEllail Mohamed Ahmed , Miyake Takahito 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate 24-segment fractional shortening (FS) of the fetal heart using FetalHQ by speckle-tracking regarding reproducibility and the change with advancing gestation.

Methods
Eighty-one pregnant women at 18–21+6 and 28–31+6 weeks of gestation were studied using FetalHQ with the speckle-tracking technique to calculate 24-segment FS of left and right ventricles. Intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients and intra- and inter-observer agreements of measurements for FS were assessed in each segment.

Results
With respect to intra-observer reproducibility, all FS values showed correlations between 0.575 and 0.862 for the left ventricle, with good intra-observer agreements except for left ventricular segments 14–24. Right ventricular FS values showed correlations between 0.334 and 0.685, with good intra-observer agreements. With respect to inter-observer reproducibility, all FS values showed correlations between 0.491 and 0.801 for the left ventricle, with good intra-observer agreements except for left ventricular segments 16–22. Right ventricular FS values showed correlations between 0.375 and 0.575, with good inter-observer agreements. There were significant differences in the mean FS values in the basal segment (segments 1–5) of the left ventricle between 18 and 21+6 and 28–31+6 weeks of gestation (p<0.05), whereas there were significant differences in all mean FS values in the right ventricle between both gestational ages (p<0.05).

Conclusions
These results suggest that the reproducibility of the 24-segment FS of the fetal heart using FetalHQ is fair. However, there may be significant differences in FS values with advancing gestational age, especially for the right ventricle.
Usefulness of COVID-19 screen-and-test approach in pregnant women: an experience from a country with low COVID-19 burden
Authors: Šterbenc Anja , Premru Sršen Tanja , Lučovnik Miha , Vidmar Šimic Marijana , Steblovnik Lili , Fabjan Vodušek Vesna , Druškovič Mirjam , Kavšek Gorazd , Poljak Mario , Trojner Bregar Andreja 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Information on the usefulness of screen-and-test strategies of pregnant women for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is lacking.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the Ljubljana Maternity Hospital database and searched for pregnant women, who were admitted to the hospital between March 15 and May 16, 2020, for a planned procedure or hospitalization. Their medical records were examined and SARS-CoV-2 test results were retrieved.

Results
During the two-month period analyzed, there were a total of 265 scheduled admissions of pregnant women to our hospital. Two hundred two (76.2%) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 1 day prior to admission. All tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, regardless of having coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-compatible signs or symptoms (n=28) or not (n=174).

Conclusions
In a population with a low SARS-CoV-2 burden, usefulness of universal testing of pregnant women before admission to the hospital is limited. We recommend that obstetric units in regions with low SARS-CoV-2 burden enforce rational use of personal protective equipment and diligent screening protocols using targeted questionnaires, whereas SARS-CoV-2 laboratory testing should be performed only in screen-positives: those with high clinical suspicion of COVID-19 and/or suspected epidemiological history.
COVID-19, the beer flu; or, the disease of many names
Authors: Lillo Antonio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the coronavirus outbreak began to spread worldwide in the early months of 2020, English speakers have been coming up with new names for the disease at a rate of knots. The myriad unofficial synonyms forCOVID-19that we currently have at our disposal provide an extreme example of overlexicalisation, and it is not so much the number that is impressive as the sheer speed at which they have been coined. This study is based on a personally compiled corpus of tweets covering the period from late January to late May 2020 and aims to work out what mechanisms underpin the creation and use of some two hundred and seventy synonyms, paying particular attention to the role of slang, wordplay, verbal humour, bigotry and xenophobia. The author identifies and discusses a set of categories that help to better understand the attitudes behind these words, some of which bespeak a desire to confront the grim reality of disease, while others – the majority, in fact – seek to denigrate and stigmatise its “ideal victims” (the baby boomers) or its “evil perpetrators” (the Chinese). In a different context, this study might be deemed just a celebration of the creative levity and wit of English speakers when faced with adversity. In these dark times, it is also a sad testimony to how some of our primitive fears have come to be reflected in our pandemic lexicon.
Covenantal trust and semioethics: A reflection on interpersonal and intercultural summoning
Authors: Untea Ionut 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe article proposes a reflection on cultural sign production in social contexts dominated by the socially generalized fear of the unknown other and the obsession for vulnerability avoidance. This phenomenon has been reflected in the generalized tendency of reliance upon contractual trust, where the coherence of the signs legitimating a trustful relationship is maintained by external agencies backed by authoritative forums (e.g., religious, legal, political) and sanctioned by well-defined rewards and punishments. In contrast with the contractual model of trust, I propose a different model, covenantal trust. Taking as a point of departure Levinas’s phenomenological interpretation of the responsible self-opening toward the “sign of the giving of signs” which involves covenantal elements, I advance toward proposing a more active involvement of the participants in the process of joint production of signs. This dynamic involvement is made possible thanks to essential elements of the covenant, such as summoning and response. The covenantal approach aims at proposing a semioethical solution to the social challenges emerging from frustrations of members of both marginal and external communities for being treated distrustfully.
High-Throughput Identification of Nuclear Envelope Protein Interactions inSchizosaccharomyces pombeUsing an Arrayed Membrane Yeast-Two Hybrid Library
Authors: Varberg Joseph M , Gardner Jennifer M , McCroskey Scott , Saravanan Snehabala , Bradford William D , Jaspersen Sue L 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe nuclear envelope (NE) contains a specialized set of integral membrane proteins that maintain nuclear shape and integrity and influence chromatin organization and gene expression. Advances in proteomics techniques and studies in model organisms have identified hundreds of proteins that localize to the NE. However, the function of many of these proteins at the NE remains unclear, in part due to a lack of understanding of the interactions that these proteins participate in at the NE membrane. To assist in the characterization of NE transmembrane protein interactions we developed an arrayed library of integral and peripheral membrane proteins from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe for high-throughput screening using the split-ubiquitin based membrane yeast two -hybrid system. We used this approach to characterize protein interactions for three conserved proteins that localize to the inner nuclear membrane: Cut11/Ndc1, Lem2 and Ima1/Samp1/Net5. Additionally, we determined how the interaction network for Cut11 is altered in canonical temperature-sensitive cut11-ts mutants. This library and screening approach is readily applicable to characterizing the interactomes of integral membrane proteins localizing to various subcellular compartments.
Corticosteroids for Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Munoz-Osores Elizabeth , Maldonado-Campos Isabel , Olivares-Labbe Maria T. , Villarroel Luis , Gana Juan Cristobal 
Published: October 2020

CONTEXT:
Treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is focused on dietary, pharmacologic, and endoscopic therapy options. Within the pharmacologic alternatives, topical corticosteroids are the most used, and a large number of studies evaluating their effectiveness have been published, requiring a new summary of evidence.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the histologic and clinical effectiveness of the use of corticosteroids in pediatric patients with a diagnosis of EoE.

DATA SOURCES:
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and ClinicalTrials.gov (June 2019).

STUDY SELECTION:
We selected randomized controlled trials assessing corticosteroids versus a placebo or dietary treatment of EoE in children.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Methodologic quality of evidence was evaluated by using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. The primary outcomes were clinical and histologic improvement.

RESULTS:
A total of 1655 studies were identified. Five studies were included (206 patients). Histologic response was 49.25% in the corticosteroids group and 4.16% in the placebo group (risk ratio 11.05 [confidence interval 3.8–32.15]; P &lt; .0001). Symptomatic response was 33.6% in the corticosteroids group and 21.8% in the control group (risk ratio 1.62 [confidence interval 0.94–2.79]; P = .08). There were no major adverse effects.

LIMITATIONS:
Heterogeneity of the diagnosis of EoE.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our review revealed favorable results of corticosteroids versus placebo, mainly in histologic response. More studies are needed, by using validated clinical scores, to obtain more reliable results.
The digital great leap forward mapping China's 21st century attempt to create a new growth model
Authors: Szunomár Ágnes 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe recent successes of the Chinese modernisation strategy are substantiated by an array of indicators showing an impressive improvement. Irrespective of China's current growth deceleration, these indicators suggest a highly effective implementation of an ambitious roadmap that can ultimately help China to catch up and achieve a global technological leadership. Still, some scholars point to deep structural deficiencies, and maintain that these indicators – however impressive they are – merely scratch the surface, while much deeper change is required in order to maintain economic growth. Therefore, the purpose of this paper (finalized before the ongoing COVID-19 crisis) is to contribute to this burgeoning literature – documenting the outcome and analysing the implications of China's efforts to embrace a new growth model – and analyse the chances of the Chinese digital great leap forward, that is the radical transformation of its prior modernisation trajectory. Drawing on a systematic review of the literature, the author maps, presents and analyses existing indicators quantifying China's progress in shifting to this new development trajectory, identifying also the gaps in the conventional measurement approaches. According to the findings of this paper, there are several easy-to-measure indicators, often used in international comparisons, that indeed confirm the optimistic scenario of China's development prospects in the near future. On the other hand, some hard-to-quantify factors, such as the localization of knowledge and the spreading of innovation, need to be also considered. These latter show a closer association with countries' development level as well as development potential. With regards to these latter particularities, China still has a long way to go.
The inhibitive action of Plukenetia conophora plant extract on the corrosion of Al–Zn–Cu alloy in different acidic media
Authors: Odusote J.K. , Adeleke A.A. , Ikubanni P.P. , Ayanda O.S. , Abdul J.M. , Yahya R.A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlukenetia conophora (Nigerian Walnut) leaf extract was studied as a corrosion inhibitor on Al–Zn–Cu alloy in acidic (HCl and H2SO4) media using gravimetric, gasometric and electropotential techniques. The study showed that the inhibition efficiency (IE) increased as the concentration of the leaf extract increased and reached the peak (94.8%) at 0.8 g/L in 1 M HCl. In the two acidic media, P. conophora leaf extract exhibited good corrosion inhibition properties on the Al–Zn–Cu alloy samples due to adhesion of the extracts on the samples' surfaces. The adsorption process of the extract on the alloy sample surfaces was found to be spontaneous and perfectly obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model. Thus, P. conophora leaf extract is recommended for utilisation as a potential replacement for toxic inorganic inhibitors and for application in paint and coating industries.
The effect of the distance from the pyloric sphincter and size of the calibration tube on ­postoperative outcomes of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Omarov T I , Bayramov N Yu , Huseynova M R , Zeynalov N A 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study of the effect of the diameter of the calibration tube and the distance from the pyloric sphincter on the outcomes of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Methods. The study included 945 (915 women) patients with a body mass index 51.59 kg/m2. The average age of the patients was 53.58.5 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups by the type of laparoscopic surgery: in the first group (n=463), a 36 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 46 cm; in the second group (n=482), a 32 Fr calibration tube was used, the distance from the pyloric sphincter was 23 cm. The main comparison criteria was the percentage of body weight loss in the first 6 and 12 months, and an additional comparison criteria was the of concomitant diseases progress in postoperative and the existence of complications.
Results. A comparative analysis showed that the first group in the first 6 months lost 593% of its initial body weight, while in 12 months 714%; in the second group, 733 and 873% of the initial weight, respectively. Concomitant diseases in the first group decreased by 7080% by the 6th month after surgery and by 8596% by the 12th month. In the 2nd group, similar remission with improvement was between 84 and 94% at the 6th month, and remained the same at the 12th month.
Conclusion. The results of the study show that in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a calibration tube diameter 32 Fr and a distance of 23 cm from the pyloric sphincter, compared to a calibration tube diameter 36 Fr or more and a distance of 46 cm from the pyloric sphincter, a body weight loss faster and more effective with earlier remission of concomitant diseases, while the number of complications is comparable.
Slc6a4, Tph2, Htr1b, Htr2a genes expression in the mouse spinal cord after microgravity exposure simulation on earth
Authors: Kuznetsov M S , Lisyukov A N , Davleeva M A , Izmailov A A 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To determine the level of gene expression of the serotonergic neurotransmission system (Slc6a4, Tph2, Htr1b, Htr2a) in the cervical and lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord for mice after 30-day microgravity exposure simulation by using the antiorthostatic unloading model by Morey-Holton et al. and a subsequent 7-dayrecovery period.
Methods. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: Unloading group with mice undergoes hindlimb-unloading procedure for 30 days (n=5); Recovery group with mice undergoes hindlimb-unloading procedure for 30 days, followed by readaptation within 7 days (n=5); Control group with mice kept at standard vivarium conditions (n=5). The expression level of genes encoding synaptic proteins in the central nervous system was estimated by a real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results. There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding the Tph2, Htr1b, and Htr2a expressions in the cervical and lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord. Compared to the Control group, a statistically significant increase (6.3 times) in the level of Slc6a4 expression in the lumbar spinal cord was revealed after microgravity exposure simulation (Unloading group), followed by a 3-fold decrease during the readaptation period (Recovery group ).
Conclusion. The expression level of the Slc6a4 gene, which encodes carrier protein involved in the function of serotonergic synapses, may indicate the potential involvement of this neurotransmitter system in the pathogenesis of movement disorders after microgravity exposure simulation on earth.
Medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population of the region (on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Authors: Khabriev R U , Mingazova E N , Shigabutdinova T N , Sadykova R N 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To analyze the dynamic changes in medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population, markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region.
Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of literary sources that determine the general trend in the demographic situation in the country, as well as information from statistical collections of the Federal State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Health of Russia and Tatarstan. The analytical and statistical methods (descriptive statistics, student criterion, trend analysis) were used in the study.
Results. It was revealed that the fertility rate of women living in rural areas decreased by dynamics (between 1991 and 2017, from 79.9 to 42.3 per 1000 women aged 1549; p 0.05). Before 2014, the indicator for rural residents was higher than that for urban women. Since 2015, the trend has been reversed: among urban women it has become higher than among those living in rural areas, which correlates with the birth rate in urban and rural areas. Percentage of live births from 1991 to 2017 in women of early reproductive age (up to 20 years) decreased among urban women from 11.3 to 3.7% (p 0.05), among rural women from 10.0 to 5.8% (p 0.05); among urban women in the age group 2024 years from 35.4 to 27.1% (p 0.05), among rural women of the same age from 40.9 to 34.2% (p 0.05). In the observed period, percentage of live births among women of the older reproductive age increased both among residents of cities and in rural areas. Percentage of births by birth order was changed: in urban areas accounted for 55.9% of the first child, in rural areas 44.3%; for the second child 35.1% and 34.2%, respectively; for third and more children 9 and 21.5%.
Conclusion. The analysis of medical and social indicators of the reproductive potential of the female population and markers of trends in the formation of the medical and demographic process in the region suggests a decrease in fertility rate (fertility) with an increase in the mean age of women at childbirth.