bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Halalan Tayyiban on Muslim Decent Spiritual Life and its Relation to al-Ghazali’s Concept of Breaking the two Desires—Food and Sex (Pengaruh Halalan Tayyiban terhadap Kehidupan Rohani Muslim dan Hubungannya dengan Konsep Menundukkan Dua Keinginan Nafsu Makan dan Seks Menurut al-Ghazali)
Authors: Salim Ssuna , Abdullah Syahrul Faizaz 
Published: January 2021

The concept of halalan tayyiban is very central to a Muslim spiritual life, it has a direct influence on the true practice and fulfilling the religious obligations as demanded by Almighty Allah. The centrality of this concept attracted and still attracts numerous studies, which cover a multiplicity of topics ranging from mainly branding to scientific technicalities involved in the production of permissible consumable products during modern times. This study will focus on the implication and influence of halalan tayyiban on Muslim decent spiritual life and how this relates to al-Ghazali’s concept of breaking the two desires—food and sex. The study uses a descriptive analytical approach which is mainly interpretative in form of textual commentary. The study observed that a combination of these two concepts will lead to a more refined understanding of the concept of halalan tayyiban and its influence on one’s spiritual life.
Keywords: Halalan tayyiban, Muslim spiritual life, religious obligation, breaking the two desires—food and sex, al-Ghazali.
Abstrak
Konsep halalan tayyiban sangat penting bagi kehidupan kerohanian Muslim kerana ia mempunyai pengaruh secara langsung terhadap amalan dan dapat memenuhi kewajiban agama sebagaimana yang dituntut oleh Allah SWT. Konsep ini sangat menarik dan masih menjadi perhatian banyak kajian yang merangkumi pelbagai topik berkaitan dengan penjenamaan hingga kepada kaedah teknikal saintifik yang membabitkan dalam pengeluaran produk kegunaan harian yang halal pada zaman moden. Kajian ini akan memfokuskan pada implikasi dan pengaruh konsep halalan tayyiban terhadap kehidupan rohani Muslim dan kaitannya dengan konsep mematahkan dua keinginan makanan dan sex menurut al-Ghazali. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif yang bersifat interpretatif dalam bentuk analisa teks. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa penggabungan kedua-dua konsep ini akan membawa kepada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai konsep halalan tayyiban dan pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan rohani seseorang.
Kata Kunci: Halalan tayyiban, kehidupan rohani Muslim, kewajiban beragama, menundukkan dua keinginan hawa nafsu makanan dan sex, al-Ghazali.
Recurrent high-grade glioma surgery: a multimodal intraoperative protocol to safely increase extent of tumor resection and analysis of its impact on patient outcome
Authors: Vincenzo Barbagallo Giuseppe Maria , Certo Francesco , Di Gregorio Stefania , Maione Massimiliano , Garozzo Marco , Peschillo Simone , Altieri Roberto 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVENo consensus exists on the best treatment for recurrent high-grade glioma (HGG), particularly in terms of surgical indications, and scant data are available on the integrated use of multiple technologies to overcome intraoperative limits and pitfalls related to artifacts secondary to previous surgery and radiotherapy. Here, the authors report on their experience with the integration of multiple intraoperative tools in recurrent HGG surgery, analyzing their pros and cons as well as their effectiveness in increasing the extent of tumor resection. In addition, they present a review of the relevant literature on this topic.METHODSThe authors reviewed all cases in which recurrent HGG had been histologically diagnosed after a first surgery and the patient had undergone a second surgery involving neuronavigation with MRI, intraoperative CT (iCT), 11C-methionine–positron emission tomography (11C-MET-PET), 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), and intraoperative navigated ultrasound (iUS). All cases were classified according to tumor functional grade (1, noneloquent area; 2, near an eloquent area; 3, eloquent area).RESULTSTwenty patients with recurrent HGG were operated on using a multimodal protocol. The recurrent tumor functional grade was 1 in 4 patients, 2 in 8 patients, and 3 in the remaining 8 patients. In all patients but 2, 100% EOTR was obtained. Intraoperative 5-ALA fluorescence and navigated iUS showed low specificity and sensitivity. iCT detected tumor remnants in 3 cases. Postoperatively, 6 patients (30%) had worsening neurological conditions: 4 recovered within 90 days, 1 partially recovered, and 1 experienced a permanent deficit. The median Karnofsky Performance Status remained substantially unchanged over the follow-up period. The mean progression-free survival after the second surgery was 7.7 months (range 2–11 months). The mean overall survival was 25.4 months (range 10–52 months), excluding 2 long survivors. Two patients died within 60 days after surgery, and 3 patients were still under follow-up at the end of this study.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first study reporting the integration of neuronavigation, 5-ALA fluorescence, iUS, iCT, 11C-MET-PET, and IOM during microsurgical resection of recurrent glioma. The authors believe that the proposed multimodal protocol is useful to increase the safety, effectiveness, and EOTR in patients with recurrent HGG and brain alterations secondary to radio- and chemotherapy.
Intraoperative surveillance of the vertebral artery using indocyanine green angiography and Doppler sonography in craniovertebral junction surgeries
Authors: Lee Dong Hoon , Park Jong Hyeok , Lee Jung Jae , Lee Jong Beom , Lee Ho Jin , Kim Il Sup , Hur Jung Woo , Hong Jae Taek 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVEThe authors sought to evaluate the usefulness of indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and Doppler sonography for monitoring the vertebral artery (VA) during craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgery and compare the incidence of VA injury (VAI) between the groups with and without the monitoring of VA using ICG angiography and Doppler sonography.METHODSIn total, 344 consecutive patients enrolled who underwent CVJ surgery. Surgery was performed without intraoperative VA monitoring tools in 262 cases (control group) and with VA monitoring tools in 82 cases (monitoring group). The authors compared the incidence of VAI between groups. The procedure times of ICG angiography, change of VA flow velocity measured by Doppler sonography, and complication were investigated.RESULTSThere were 4 VAI cases in the control group, and the incidence of VAI was 1.5%. Meanwhile, there were no VAI cases in the monitoring group. The procedure time of ICG angiography was less than 5 minutes (mean [± SD] 4.6 ± 2.1 minutes) and VA flow velocity was 11.2 ± 4.5 cm/sec. There were several cases in which the surgical method had to be changed depending on the VA monitoring. The combined use of ICG angiography and Doppler sonography was useful not only to monitor VA patency but also to assess the quality of blood flow during CVJ surgery, especially in the high-risk group of patients.CONCLUSIONSThe combined use of ICG angiography and Doppler sonography enables real-time intraoperative monitoring of the VA by detecting blood flow and flow velocity. As the arteries get closer, they provide auditory and visual feedback to the surgeon. This real-time image guidance could be a useful tool, especially for high-risk patients and inexperienced surgeons, to avoid iatrogenic VAI during any CVJ surgery.
Augmented reality–assisted ventriculostomy
Authors: Schneider Max , Kunz Christian , Pal’a Andrej , Wirtz Christian Rainer , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska , Hlaváč Michal 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVEPlacement of a ventricular drain is one of the most common neurosurgical procedures. However, a higher rate of successful placements with this freehand procedure is desirable. The authors’ objective was to develop a compact navigational augmented reality (AR)–based tool that does not require rigid patient head fixation, to support the surgeon during the operation.METHODSSegmentation and tracking algorithms were developed. A commercially available Microsoft HoloLens AR headset in conjunction with Vuforia marker-based tracking was used to provide guidance for ventriculostomy in a custom-made 3D-printed head model. Eleven surgeons conducted a series of tests to place a total of 110 external ventricular drains under holographic guidance. The HoloLens was the sole active component; no rigid head fixation was necessary. CT was used to obtain puncture results and quantify success rates as well as precision of the suggested setup.RESULTSIn the proposed setup, the system worked reliably and performed well. The reported application showed an overall ventriculostomy success rate of 68.2%. The offset from the reference trajectory as displayed in the hologram was 5.2 ± 2.6 mm (mean ± standard deviation). A subgroup conducted a second series of punctures in which results and precision improved significantly. For most participants it was their first encounter with AR headset technology and the overall feedback was positive.CONCLUSIONSTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on marker-based, AR-guided ventriculostomy. The results from this first application are encouraging. The authors would expect good acceptance of this compact navigation device in a supposed clinical implementation and assume a steep learning curve in the application of this technique. To achieve this translation, further development of the marker system and implementation of the new hardware generation are planned. Further testing to address visuospatial issues is needed prior to application in humans.
Predicting meningioma consistency and brain-meningioma interface with intraoperative strain ultrasound elastography: a novel application to guide surgical strategy
Authors: Della Pepa Giuseppe Maria , Menna Grazia , Stifano Vito , Pezzullo Angelo Maria , Auricchio Anna Maria , Rapisarda Alessandro , Caccavella Valerio Maria , La Rocca Giuseppe , Sabatino Giovanni , Marchese Enrico , Olivi Alessandro 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVEProviding new tools to improve surgical planning is considered a main goal in meningioma treatment. In this context, two factors are crucial in determining operating strategy: meningioma-brain interface and meningioma consistency. The use of intraoperative ultrasound (ioUS) elastosonography, a real-time imaging technique, has been introduced in general surgery to evaluate similar features in other pathological settings such as thyroid and prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ioUS elastosonography in the intraoperative prediction of key intracranial meningioma features and to evaluate its application in guiding surgical strategy.METHODSAn institutional series of 36 meningiomas studied with ioUS elastosonography is reported. Elastographic data, intraoperative surgical findings, and corresponding preoperative MRI features were classified, applying a score from 0 to 2 to both meningioma consistency and meningioma-brain interface. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the degree of agreement between meningioma elastosonographic features and surgical findings, and whether intraoperative elastosonography was a better predictor than preoperative MRI in assessing meningioma consistency and slip-brain interface, using intraoperative findings as the gold standard.RESULTSA significantly high degree of reliability and agreement between ioUS elastographic scores and surgical finding scores was reported (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.848, F = 12.147, p < 0.001). When analyzing both consistency and brain-tumor interface, ioUS elastography proved to have a rather elevated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and positive (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR−). This consideration was true especially for meningiomas with a hard consistency (sensitivity = 0.92, specificity = 0.96, PPV = 0.92, NPV = 0.96, LR+ = 22.00, LR− = 0.09) and for those presenting with an adherent slip-brain interface (sensitivity = 0.76, specificity = 0.95, PPV = 0.93, NPV = 0.82, LR+ = 14.3, LR− = 0.25). Furthermore, predictions derived from ioUS elastography were found to be more accurate than MRI-derived predictions, as demonstrated by McNemar’s test results in both consistency (p < 0.001) and interface (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSWhile external validation of the data is needed to transform ioUS elastography into a fully deployable clinical tool, this experience confirmed that it may be integrated into meningioma surgical planning, especially because of its rapidity and cost-effectiveness.
Combined strategies on the treatment of cerebellar arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Dellaretti Marcos , da Silveira Diego , Ferreira Junior Tancredo Alcântara 
Published: January 2021

Cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) comprise 10%–15% of all intracranial AVMs and have a higher risk for morbidity and mortality than supratentorial AVMs. Patients with cerebellar AVMs present with hemorrhage more often than patients with cerebral AVMs, justifying an interventional treatment. Patient outcome can be predicted with specific grade systems, guiding vascular neurosurgeons in decision-making. The authors present the case of a 42-year-old man incidentally diagnosed with an unruptured cerebellar inferior vermian AVM, which was managed through a combined strategy of preoperative endovascular embolization of the main arterial feeders followed by microsurgical resection via midline suboccipital craniotomy, with a favorable outcome.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/3WESejZbk90
Endoscopic-assisted parieto-occipital interhemispheric precuneal transtentorial approach for microsurgical resection of vermian arteriovenous malformation: operative video and technical nuances
Authors: Zhao Kevin , Quillin Joseph , Liu James K. 
Published: January 2021

In this illustrative video, the authors demonstrate resection of a superior vermian arteriovenous malformation (AVM) using the endoscopic-assisted parieto-occipital interhemispheric precuneal transtentorial approach. Lateral positioning allows for gravity-assisted access to the interhemispheric fissure without retractors. The parieto-occipital trajectory is useful in patients who have a steep tentorial angle and avoids manipulation of the occipital lobe and visual cortex. In addition, the authors utilize an angled endoscope, which allows full inspection of the resection bed after AVM removal to visualize areas hidden from the microsurgical view to minimize the chance of residual disease in a deep corridor with multiple visual obstructions.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/hk9nIIdtqbI
Microsurgical resection of an anterior medullary arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Catapano Joshua S. , Singh Rohin , Srinivasan Visish M. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: January 2021

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the brainstem, specifically medullary AVMs, are exceedingly rare and difficult to treat. These lesions are commonly more aggressive than supratentorial AVMs and pose their own unique treatment challenges. Current treatment options for these AVMs consist of endovascular embolization or open surgery. Radiosurgery is not favored because it is associated with potential risk to the brainstem and lower obliteration rates. Here the authors report the case of a 27-year-old man with a ruptured anterior medullary AVM. The patient underwent a successful far-lateral craniotomy for resection of the AVM.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/lyOfOQ3sBdU
Sitting supracerebellar infratentorial approach for resection of posterior fossa arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Joyce Evan , Grandhi Ramesh , Couldwell William T. 
Published: January 2021

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the posterior fossa represent just 5%–15% of all intracranial AVMs. Rupture often leads to devastating brainstem compression, with mortality reported as high as 67%. A life-saving decompressive craniectomy with or without hematoma evacuation may be necessary in the acute setting to alleviate mass effect before proceeding with definitive treatment of the vascular pathology. Here, the authors demonstrate the utility of using a generously sized temporizing decompressive suboccipital craniectomy to subsequently allow for a more judicious resection of a Spetzler-Martin grade III AVM fed by the right superior cerebellar artery using a sitting supracerebellar infratentorial approach.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/L195wmw3p_4
Giant diffuse cerebellar AVM: managing ultimate intraoperative challenges
Authors: Hendricks Benjamin K. , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A. 
Published: January 2021

Surgery within the posterior cranial fossa uniquely requires excellence in microsurgical technique, given the complexity of the neurovascular structures housed within this region. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) within this region represent the greatest surgical challenge because of the difficulty in resecting an AVM completely while preserving the highly eloquent surrounding structures. The AVM in this video exemplifies a surgeon’s “most challenging case,” a surgery that spanned two stages, including 14 hours of resection, but concluded with complete resection despite the complexity of deep arterial and dural feeders.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/WNBuwFHSrQ0
Development of cerebral microbleeds in patients with cerebral hyperperfusion following carotid endarterectomy and its relation to postoperative cognitive decline
Authors: Igarashi Suguru , Ando Toshihiko , Takahashi Tatsuhiko , Yoshida Jun , Kobayashi Masakazu , Yoshida Kenji , Terasaki Kazunori , Fujiwara Shunrou , Kubo Yoshitaka , Ogasawara Kuniaki 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVEA primary cause of cognitive decline after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is cerebral injury due to cerebral hyperperfusion. However, the mechanisms of how cerebral hyperperfusion induces cerebral cortex and white matter injury are not known. The presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is independently associated with a decline in global cognitive function. The purpose of this prospective observational study was to determine whether cerebral hyperperfusion following CEA leads to the development of CMBs and if postoperative cognitive decline is related to these developed CMBs.METHODSDuring the 27-month study period, patients who underwent CEA for ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis (≥ 70%) also underwent SWI and neuropsychological testing before and 2 months after surgery, as well as quantitative brain perfusion SPECT prior to and immediately after surgery.RESULTSAccording to quantitative brain perfusion SPECT and SWI before and after surgery, 12 (16%) and 7 (9%) of 75 patients exhibited postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion and increased CMBs in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to surgery, respectively. Cerebral hyperperfusion was associated with an increase in CMBs after surgery (logistic regression analysis, 95% CI 5.08–31.25, p < 0.0001). According to neuropsychological assessments before and after surgery, 10 patients (13%) showed postoperative cognitive decline. Increased CMBs were associated with cognitive decline after surgery (logistic regression analysis, 95% CI 6.80–66.67, p < 0.0001). Among the patients with cerebral hyperperfusion after surgery, the incidence of postoperative cognitive decline was higher in those with increased CMBs (100%) than in those without (20%; p = 0.0101).CONCLUSIONSCerebral hyperperfusion following CEA leads to the development of CMBs, and postoperative cognitive decline is related to these developed CMBs.
Antibacterial Mouthwash of Kesum Leaf (Polygonum Minus Huds) Essential Oil on Streptococcus Mutans and Sanguinis
Authors: Rezki Sri , Halimah Halimah 
Published: January 2021

Polygonum Minus Huds methanol extract from several previous studies has antibacterial properties in bacteria in the mouth such as Streptococcus Mutans, Staphylococcus Aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Escherichia Coli, etc. The cause of gingivitis is Streptococcus Sanguinis and anaerobic bacteria in the subgingival, which is porphyromonas gingivalis. Polygonum Minus Huds has the potential to be an antibacterial mouthwash for bacteria that causes caries and gingivitis. This research aims to make a mouthwash based on the essential oil of Polygonum Minus Huds and determine its antibacterial properties in mouthwashes of 0.025% and 0.05% concentrations to find antibacterial activity on Streptococcus Mutans and Sanguinis. The research was conducted in June 2019 at the Chemistry Laboratory of Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the University of Tanjungpura in Pontianak Lab and Health Polytechnique Pontianak Integrated Lab. Design Quasi-experimental research used post-test only control group design, mouthwash formulation with essential oil concentrations of 0.025% and 0.05%, positive control using non-alcoholic mouthwash, and negative control (Aquades). Statistical analysis was performed univariately. The results showed that the best mouthwash was 2.5 ml of Tween 80 and 2.5 ml of glycerin. The results showed the essential oil gargle of Kesum leaves (Polygonum Minus Huds) at concentrations of 0.05%, and 0.02%, which is the bacteria of Streptococcus Mutans and Streptococcus Sanguinis were not able to inhibit the growth of the two bacteria. Increasing the amount of concentration or making mouthwash in other forms is expected to increase its antibacterial effect.
Awareness, Understanding, and Usage of Islamic Banking Products and Services: A Case of Customers' Satisfaction Towards Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Authors: Lodhi Rab Nawaz 
Published: January 2021

The Islamic banking sectors in Pakistan are experiencing a challenging phase of progress due to intense competition with conventional banks. The primary purpose of this study is to articulate the literature of Islamic banking in Pakistan by investigating the influence of the level of awareness, understanding and usage of Islamic banking products and services on the satisfaction level of its account holders. For achieving this objective, a sample of 400 respondents is chosen through purposive sampling technique from the target population from Islamic banks in Pakistan. The calculated results of PLS-SEM Bootstrapping and SPSS revealed a significant and positive influence of the awareness and understanding level of account holders of Islamic banks on their satisfaction levels. However, the Islamic bank usage by account holders has no impact on their satisfaction level due to the provision of less innovative products and services as compared to conventional banks. This study thus enhances the literature regarding the aforementioned aspects of customer satisfaction. It simultaneously draws an attention to the area that is suitable for the prosperity and progress of the Islamic banking system of Pakistan. The results of this study also give valuable information and helpful guidelines for Islamic banks to formulate innovative strategies of products and promotional policies to retain and attract potential customers. Though this study is broadening the scope of Islamic banking literature, it is not considering the scenario of conventional banks. Islamic banks can manage and enjoy the competitive edge if similar information about conventional banking is available for comparison purposes, which provides the scope of study in future research.