bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of sorption interactions of plant dietary fiber with heavy metal cations according to absorption IR spectroscopy
Authors: Peregonchaya O V , Sokolova S A , Derkanosova N M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article presents research data on the functional composition of dietary fiber from quince, apple and pumpkin by absorption infrared spectroscopy. An assessment of the potential cation exchange activity of the fibers depending on the pH of the medium by comparing the intensities of the characteristic absorption bands was carried out. Under the conditions of biological media close to acidity, sorption of Pb2 +, Co2 +, Cd2 + cations from solutions of their salts was carried out. The potential sorption activity of dietary fiber from apple in relation to Pb2 + and Co2 + is shown. For pumpkin fibers a number of selectivity is predicted: Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Co2+.
Studying the properties of oils from secondary raw materials
Authors: Sorokina I A , Kolobaeva A A , Panina E V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes the properties of wild rose and black current oils, received from wastages of fruit and berry processing. Oils from secondary materials are usually used as food and processing additives. We suggest their utilization as functional additives to cosmetic soap. Functional properties of oils are conditioned by fatty acid composition, which was determined with Gas Chromatography. It has been noted that both types of oil contain linoleic, oleate, alpha-linolenic acid, and some medium-chain-length fatty acids. Besides, black currant oil has high content of hamma-linolenic acid. The recommended dosage of additives has been determined with the account of interaction with other components of soap by Delphi method. The best ratio is 1.5…2.0 % of wild rose or black currant oils to the mass of the soap base.
Fermentation specialist competency profile: current trends
Authors: Romanenko E S , Khokhlova E V , Ivashova V A , Mironova E A , Chvalun R V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The work presents the results of a survey of fermentation specialists in the south of Russia who expressed their opinion on the current profile of competencies that should be presented in the educational program to ensure the competitiveness of a university graduate in this area of training. We conducted a survey of scientific publications in the subject area - the competence of a modern specialist in fermentation production. As a result, relevant technological innovations of fermentation production were established, associated, firstly, with the chemical component of the production process, secondly, with the physical and technological conditions for its implementation, and thirdly, with market conditions and emerging gastronomic regional and global trends. The expert community assessed the competencies of the Federal State Educational Standard on the degree to which graduates of the training program “Food products from plant materials” are formed, which shows that the following competencies remain less formed: the ability to use information technologies to solve technological problems in the production of food products from plant materials (noted by 63, 6% of the number of respondents); the ability to use the principles of the quality management system and the organizational and legal foundations of managerial and entrepreneurial activity (noted by 54.5% of the number of respondents); the ability to search, store, process and analyze information from various sources and databases, present it in the required format using information, computer and network technologies (noted by 45.5% of the number of respondents).
Peasant farms in Russia: trends and development forecasts
Authors: Kuznetsova A R , Askarov A A , Askarova A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the present state and development trends of peasant farms in Russia and Bashkortostan Republic. Their major production problems are demonstrated against the background of the present state of agriculture, the authors characterize the institutional environment of peasant farms operation, its impact upon the agrarian capacity of the region and investment activity of other organizational and legal forms of agricultural entities in the Republic. The article justifies the need to create agricultural production and consumer cooperatives, aimed at processing, supply, sales and service functions primarily, as well as to massively involve peasant farms in their structures. Thereby, the authors think, the efficiency of the agrarian sector of Bashkortostan Republic and, consequently, of Russia as a whole, will be significantly increased.
Innovative photogrammetric methods for monitoring agrolandscapes nanorelief
Authors: Vaneeva M V , Makarenco S A , Redzhepov M B , Netrebina J S , Vaneev S R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The object of the study is the materials of aerial photography obtained with the application of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) DJI Phantom 3 Advanced and processed by Agisoft PhotoScan Professional Edition software. The objective of the present research is to study the feasibility of the data obtained by innovative photogrammetric methods for monitoring and analyzing the agrolandscapes nanorelief as well as for the design of agrolandscapes in adaptive landscape farming, to identify the possibilities of assessing the occurrence of erosion and make a forecast of their development in the study area using photographic plans. In the course of the work, methods and means of obtaining aerial photographs of a site in the Voronezh region were considered. The altitude map and orthophotomap resulting from image processing were analysed. It has been revealed that such digital models make it possible to study and analyze the state of the surface of agrolandscapes up to the smallest forms of nanorelief both visually and with the application of mathematical characteristics. However, deficiencies in the accuracy of the obtained plans along the edges of the shooting area were noted and the methods for solving the problem of inacuracy were proposed.
Numerical simulation of the operation of the disc shredder
Authors: Teryushkov V P , Chupshev A V , Konovalov V V , Rodinov Y V , Gumarov G S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the work is to model the performance of the disk grain shredder by numerical methods of determining the performance of the device and its components, and to establish the existing trends in the influence of the size of the initial particles on the components of the shredder performance. The increase in the initial particle size leads to an increase in the initial angular velocity of the particle movement, which increases as the particle is compressed, while the increase in particle size does not significantly reduce the productivity of the shredder due to the worsening conditions of particle capture by the disks as they increase in size. The increase in the initial spring compression force ensures a reduction in the thickness of the resulting flattened particles and at the same time reduces the productivity.
Research of methods of processing post-spirit drinking enterprises of the central-black-earth district
Authors: Ivanova E S , Rodionovich Y V , Ivanova E P , Konovalov V V , Nikitin D V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ethanol is a valuable product that is widely used in various sectors of the economy. In the alcohol industry, various wastes are generated - post-alcohol distillery stillage, by-products of the distillation of ethyl alcohol, microorganism cells, among which a significant amount is the post-alcohol distillery stillage. Disposal of stillage is an urgent environmental problem, since this waste of alcohol production has a short shelf life. There are methods for processing bards that can be divided into two groups: methods using biotechnology and methods based on physicochemical methods. There are many research projects that focus on the production of biofuels and fodder product from stillage. The most common method for processing post-alcohol stillage in the Central Black Earth Economic Region is drying. We have proposed a method for the integrated processing of post-alcohol stillage of distiller’s grains, which includes drying the distiller’s grains, aerobic microbiological processing to obtain a protein feed product and the production of hop-vinous fermentation. Getting sourdough is the first proposed method for recycling bards. For drying, it is proposed to use 30% of the stillage of the enterprises of the Central Black Earth Economic Region, to produce protein feed product 50%, and for hop-burgundy starter culture 20%. The method of complex processing expands the use of post-alcohol distillery stillage, and the production of hop-burgundy sourdough allows to increase the assortment of functional food products.
Use of binary agrocenoses to increase the stability of agroeco-systems and obtain environmentally friendly products
Authors: Stekolnikova N V , Voloshina E V , Zhitin Yu I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Modern agriculture is characterized by the fact that the increase in agricultural production is focused on the widespread use of intensive soil cultivation and high pesticidal load, which is accompanied by pollution of ecosystems and deterioration of product quality. The solution to this urgent problem is possible only on the base of a comprehensive ecologization of land use processes. The objects of research are winter wheat Bezenchukskaya 380, potato Impala, hairy vetch (wheat) Glinkovskaya, segetal vegetation, straw of winter wheat, biomass of hairy vetch. Sowing hairy vetch into winter wheat agrocenosis was carried out in spring at the same time as top dressing of grain crops (ammonium nitrate 30 kg/ha active substance) with a seeding rate of 15 kg/ha. After harvesting the monoculture, straw was added into the soil together with the green mass of the vetch. The introduction of hairy vetch into the agrocenosis had a negative effect on the development of segetal plants and ensured an increase in the yield of winter wheat by 19.3-21.2%. The advantage of plowing straw with hairy vetch biomass compared with the introduction of straw into the soil along with fertilizer mineral nitrogen was found to be 8.9-12.6% faster for decomposing linen, 5.7% for mobile phosphorus and 6.3% for exchange potassium. The highest potato yields were formed with the use of green mass of vetch and straw of 20.9 t/ha, which exceeded the variant with straw together with mineral fertilizers by 23.7%.
Creation of new polymer composite bioplastics to produce disposable tableware based on starch
Authors: Pavlovskay N E , Gorkova I V , Gagarina I N , Gavrilova A Y 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the creation of new polymer-starch compositions based on starch extracted from nongraded wheat grains, hydrolyzed sugar beet pulp and polyethylene glycol. The main points of agricultural waste disposal are discussed with the aim of obtaining products with new properties, safe for the environment and biodegradable. Prototypes have a uniform distribution of particles in the matrix, provide enough tensile strength and elongation under tension. A study on the selection of the mass ratio of the components revealed the optimal concentration of the components. The temperature of exposure to the composition to obtain biodegradable material is 105 ° C. It was shown that the tensile strength of samples of the polymer composition decreases with an increase in the rotational speed of the screw to 150 min-1 and a temperature above 1300C. Speed below 110 min-1 lead to an increase in strength. The obtained experimental material opens prospects for further research with respect to improving the properties of these biocomposites based on starch and sugar beet pulp by modifying starch and searching for compositions with starch, using reinforcements (both organic and inorganic) and processing conditions.
Results of the changes in the physicochemical properties and fractional group composition of the humus-leached chernozem under the influence of fertilizers and ameliorant
Authors: Gasanova E S , Kozhokina A N , Myazin N G , Stekolnikov K E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Currently, in the Russian Federation there is a tendency towards a decrease in the content of organic substance in the soil and its acidification. It is impossible to stop these processes without applying organic fertilizers and calcium containing ameliorants. Their effect on the soil properties depends on the edaphoclimatic conditions. In order to study the effect of fertilizers and ameliorants on the fertility of leached chernozem in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Black Earth zone of the Voronezh region in 2018 – field experiments were conducted. The results showed that prolonged application of mineral fertilizers led to the acidification of the soil both against the background of exposure to organic substances and liming. Reliming calcification of the leached chernozem contributed to a noticeable decrease in soil acidity (pHKCl increased by 0.7-1.0, Hr decreased by 2.1-2.9 mg-Eq/100 g of soil, the content of exchange forms of calcium and magnesium increased to 26.2-26.9 mg-Eq/100 g of soil). Some optimization of the acidity of the soil was also observed even with the reapplication of manure. The calcification of the soil led to the optimization of its fractional-group composition of humus.
Prospects and opportunities for the introduction of digital technologies into aquaculture governance system
Authors: Gorbunova A V , Kostin V E , Pashkevich I L , Rybanov A A , Savchits A V , Silaev A A , Silaeva E Yu , Judaev Yu V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is possible to increase the efficiency of pond farms by introducing new digital technologies into the technological processes of fish cultivation. Recirculating aquaculture systems serve a positive example of high technology applications in aquaculture. Automated control of all processes in pond fish farming starting from pond preparation for stocking of fish to placement and production of commercial fish will significantly increase the efficiency of fish farming by 70-80% thus increasing the overall profit by 20-30%. For properly organized feeding of fish it is necessary to take into account many factors, such as: fish-holding density, temperature of water and air, content of oxygen dissolved in water, ph-level of water and feed intake. The system of complex automation of any production enterprise shall be implemented taking into account the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution – Industry 4.0. The main unit of the system is an automated floating feeder with autonomous power supply from solar panels. The design and functional features of the feeder will determine the functionality of the entire automation system: automatic feeding, monitoring of water and environmental parameters, deoxidation of the water basin, supplementary feeding with insects, frightening of fish-eating birds. The innovative approach proposed by the authors is that if the pond is equipped with several floating feeders it is necessary to connect them to each other in a single information system, which functions through wireless radio communication. The assessment of the potential of the proposed modernization of a middle pond made it possible to increase the profit by 1.5 million rubles.
Influence of IR laser doping method on surface emitter with phosphosilicate glass for solar cells
Authors: Moussi A , Djelloul A , Meziani S , Bendimrad K , Benharrat L , Chaouchi S , Bourai K , Noukaz A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Laser-assisted diffusion of phosphorus dopants has been investigated to realize selective emitters on mc-Si wafers. In this paper, we studied, in the presence of PSG, the effect of laser speed and power doping parameters on the sheet resistance RSq variation as a function of selective emitter formation. Four point-probe (FPP) measurements showed that 5.5–10 W with speed 100–1500 mm s−1 are, respectively, the best power values to form a selective emitter with 20–40 Ω/□ typical values. Electrochemical Capacitance-Voltage (ECV) results showed that dopant concentration and junction depth increased with decreasing scan speed, resulting in lower sheet resistances. Thus, the greater the difference between the concentration of starting phosphorus and that created by laser treatment, the smaller the square RSq will be. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated more pronounced patterns of laser ablation when the power is high and/or the scanning speed is low.
Lamellar shape lead tungstate (PbWO4) nanostructures as synergistic catalyst for peroxidase mimetic activity
Authors: Shad Naveed Akhtar , Sajid Muhammad Munir , Javed Yasir , Ikram Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Irfan , Nawaz Somia , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Hussain Syed Zajif , Amin Nasir , Yousuf Imran 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Tungstate based nanomaterials have emerged as important class in transition metal oxide. In this study, Lead tungstate (PbWO4) nanostructures with lamellar morphology were prepared by hydrothermal method. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, DLS, BET and PL. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements indicated that the surface area of the synthesized lamellar morphology was ∼86.225 m2 g−1. The lamellar-like morphology showed enhanced peroxidase-like activity owing to the large surface area, higher substrate interaction and efficient electron transportation. The results indicated higher reaction velocity (Vmax = 13.56 × 10−8 M s−1) and low Michaelis-Menten constant (km = 0.325 mM) value for nanostructures, providing evidence for higher affinity of novel structures towards the substrate and increased peroxidase-like activity. Finally, biocompatibility test was conducted by performing cytotoxicity experiments of PbWO4 nanostructures on MTT assays.
Experimental and theoretical analysis of tool life between plasma enhanced CVD and PVD multilayer nanocoated cutting tools
Authors: Calaph Y Carlin , Subramanian K Manikanda , Stalin P Michael Joseph , Sadanandam N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Tool life of the traditional cutting tools is comparatively lesser on machining the martensitic stainless steel AISI 416 which is one of the hardest materials. In order to increase the tool life, wear-resistant nanocoatings on the cutting tools have been explored. This study enunciates a comparison of tool life between PECVD (plasma-enhanced CVD multilayer nanocoated) and PVDMNC (PVD multilayer nanocoated) cutting tools on turning a martensitic stainless steel AISI 416 by experimental and theoretical investigations in addition to exploration of the machinability studies of cutting tool flank wear, tool hardness and surface roughness of work material. An orthogonal design, signal-to-noise ratio and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methods were employed to confirm the parameters like cutting speed, tool hardness and feed rate that are involved in the study to estimate the cutting tool- life. The investigations confirmed that cutting speed was the most dominant factor in determining tool life while comparing with other parameters. It was observed from the ANOVA results that the cutting speed, tool hardness, and feed rate have contributed 41.44%, 33.79%, and 24.35% respectively in determining the tool life of PECVD cutting tools whereas the contributions of the same parameters were found to be 40.01%, 32.90%, and 26.63% respectively for PVDMNC cutting tool. It is evident from the results that the cutting performance of the PECVD cutting tool is superior in terms of cutting speed and hardness which were enhanced by 1.43% and 0.89% respectively in addition to lesser wear rate when compared to the performance of PVDMNC cutting tools.
Grand challenges in the design and manufacture of vascular self-healing
Authors: Qamar Isabel P S , Sottos Nancy R , Trask Richard S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This perspective details the grand challenges of designing and manufacturing multifunctional materials to impart autonomous property recovery. The susceptibility of advanced engineering composites to brittle fracture has led to the emergence of self-healing materials. This functionality has been demonstrated in bulk polymers and fibre-reinforced composites; most recently through the addition of vascular networks into the host material. These network systems enable the healing agents to be transported over long distances and provide a means by which both the resin and hardener can be replenished, thus overcoming the inherent limitations of capsule-based systems. To date, vascule fabrication methods include machining, fugitive scaffold processes, a lost-wax process and the vaporisation of sacrificial components, but recent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have paved the way for more efficient, bio-inspired vascular designs (VDs) to be realised. This perspective reviews the current progress in vascular self-healing and discusses how AM technologies and new design methods can be exploited in order to fabricate networks that are optimised for fluid transport and structural efficiency. The perspective culminates in the discussion of eight grand challenges across three thematic areas: ‘VD’, ‘Healing Chemistry’ and ‘AM’, that are likely to have major breakthroughs and socio/economic impact as these technologies are developed further in the next 10–15 years.
Binary graphene-based cathode structure for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors: Fang Ruopian , Zhao Shiyong , Chen Ke , Wang Da-Wei , Li Feng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are highly appealing for the next-generation of energy storage because of their high energy density and low-cost features. However, the practical implementation of Li-S batteries has been hindered by fast performance degradation of the sulfur cathode, especially at a high cathode loading. Here, we propose a strategic design of binary graphene foam (BGF) as the cathode scaffold, with the incorporation of nitrogen-doped graphene and highly porous graphene. The nitrogen-doped graphene provides chemical adsorption sites for migrating polysulfides, and the highly porous graphene could increase the cathode conductivity and accelerate lithium ion transport. The freestanding foam-like cathode structure further offers a robust, interconnected, conductive framework to promote the redox reaction even at a high cathode loading. Therefore, the Li-S battery with the S/BGF electrode exhibits a high specific areal capacity over 10 mAh cm–2 and good cycling stability over 300 cycles. This approach offers insights into multifunctional electrode structure design, with targeted functions for high-performance Li-S batteries.