bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sirolimus: A Rescue Drug to Control Complications of Extensive Venous Malformation
Authors: Abdelbaky Mohamed Aly , Ragab Iman Ahmed , AbouZeid Amr AbdelHamid , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar , Dahab Mohamed Moussa , Elsherbeny Mohammed , Safaan Hatem Abdelkader 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVenous malformations represent a major sector of vascular anomalies. Most cases are asymptomatic or subclinical; however, large extensive lesions can cause severe disability and sometimes mortality. In this report, we present a successful case of sirolimus treatment in managing an extensive venous malformation in the pelvis of a 21-month-old boy who presented with life-threatening complications. With a history dating since the day 2 of life, the patient suffered from chronic bleeding due to scrotal skin ulcerations, in addition to recurrent attacks of severe bleeding per rectum necessitating hospital admission and blood transfusion (three attacks since the age of 7 months). Pelvic magnetic resonance image showed the typical findings of extensive venous malformation involving the pelvis, perineum, scrotum, and extending to the gluteal region. The lesion was seen totally encasing the anorectum with marked thickening of their walls almost occluding their lumen.Oral sirolimus (2 mg/m2) was started with a target blood trough level of 5 to 10 ng/mL. Over a follow-up period of 5 months, there was obvious clinical improvement that included healing of skin lesions (scrotal ulcer) with complete re-epithelialization, absence of bleeding per rectum with improvement of constipation, and rise of hemoglobin level from 7.5 to 11.5 g/dL.
Differential Roles for Diploid and Polyploid Hepatocytes in Acute and Chronic Liver Injury
Authors: Wilkinson Patrick D. , Duncan Andrew W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHepatocytes are the primary functional cells of the liver that perform essential roles in homeostasis, regeneration, and injury. Most mammalian somatic cells are diploid and contain pairs of each chromosome, but there are also polyploid cells containing additional sets of chromosomes. Hepatocytes are among the best described polyploid cells, with polyploids comprising more than 25 and 90% of the hepatocyte population in humans and mice, respectively. Cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate hepatic polyploidy have been uncovered, and in recent years, diploid and polyploid hepatocytes have been shown to perform specialized functions. Diploid hepatocytes accelerate liver regeneration induced by resection and may accelerate compensatory regeneration after acute injury. Polyploid hepatocytes protect the liver from tumor initiation in hepatocellular carcinoma and promote adaptation to tyrosinemia-induced chronic injury. This review describes how ploidy variations influence cellular activity and presents a model for context-specific functions for diploid and polyploid hepatocytes.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Coexistence in the Daily Practice
Authors: Tallarico Marco , Cicciù Marco , Lumbau Aurea Immacolata , Meloni Silvio Mario 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the present narrative review was to evaluate and discuss the actual available information regarding coronavirus disease 2019 and dental practice, and to share recommendations with the intent to help dentists in providing a safe and healthful workplace during pandemic. A step-by-step workflow is presented including prevention and measures to reduce risk for cross infections before, during, and after the dental treatments. Individualization of different risk-level zones and the establishment of a team-based chain control is also presented. The present manuscript may offer deeper knowledge and discussion regarding recommended procedures aimed to reduce risk for dental health care workers contamination and cross infections. Within these, infection prevention in dental settings, respect of general rules, containment measures, proper use of the personal protective equipments (PPE), and well-organized chain control of all the staff, with definition of risk zones and specific responsibility could be an adjunctive but important step to control the spread of the disease.
The Effect of Irradiance on the Degree of Conversion and Volumetric Polymerization Shrinkage of Different Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Bin Nooh Abrar N. , Nahedh Hend Al , AlRefeai Mohammad , Alkhudhairy Fahad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective The influence of different light-emitting diode (LED) curing light intensities on the degree of conversion (DC) and volumetric polymerization shrinkage (VPS) of bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) restorative materials was evaluated.
Materials and Methods Twenty-four specimens of each RBC material (Filtek one bulk-fill posterior, Reveal HD Bulk, Tetric N-Ceram, and Filtek Z350) were prepared. The RBCs were shaped in molds and cured using an LED curing light unit at high-intensity (1,200 mW/cm2) for 20 seconds and low-intensity (650 mW/cm2) for 40 seconds Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to determine the DC and microcomputed tomography was used to evaluate VPS. Data were analyzed using one- and two-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and Tukey’s and Scheffe’s post hoc multiple comparison tests.
Results With high-intensity curing light, Reveal HD showed the highest DC (85.689 ± 6.811%) and Tetric N-Ceram the lowest (52.60 ± 9.38%). There was no statistical difference in VPS when using high- or low-intensity curing light. The highest VPS was observed for Reveal HD (2.834–3.193%); there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) among the other RBCs.
Conclusion Curing light intensities do not significantly influence the VPS of RBC materials. Reveal HD bulk cured with high-intensity light had the highest DC.
Comparative Remineralization Efficacy of Topical NovaMin and Fluoride on Incipient Enamel Lesions in Primary Teeth: Scanning Electron Microscope and Vickers Microhardness Evaluation
Authors: Shihabi Safaa , AlNesser Salma , Comisi John C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective Evaluating the potential remineralization effect of NovaMin prophylaxis paste on artificial enamel lesions in primary teeth using Vickers microhardness and scanning electron microscope.Materials and Methods Forty sound buccal and lingual surfaces of human primary canine teeth were randomly divided into two groups after creating artificially demineralized lesions (G1: NovaMin and G2: fluoride; 20 per group) and then treated with the respective remineralization agents. The remineralization cycle repeated twice daily for 10 days. The groups were evaluated with Vickers microhardness and scanning electron microscope before and after de/remineralization.Results Statistically significant difference of microhardness was observed between demineralized enamel and remineralized enamel with group 1 and group 2 (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000, respectively). No statistically significant difference of microhardness was observed between two remineralized agents (p = 0.368).Conclusion Within the limitation of this in vitro study, NovaMin enhances the remineralization process equally to fluoride.
Pediatric Circumcision in the 21st Century National Health Service: A Snapshot of Practice in a United Kingdom Center
Authors: Jones Patrick , Rooney Helen , Hawary Amr 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction Pediatric circumcision is a commonly performed operation, yet outcomes related to procedures performed for medical indications remain underreported.
Aim The aim of this study was to report outcomes of therapeutic circumcision from our center.
Methods Prospective registry of elective circumcisions was maintained and analyzed at a single institution in the United Kingdom. Data collected included information on complications (early and late), emergency presentations, and referrals back from primary care services.
Results Between August 2015 and June 2019, 300 patients (mean age: 9 years; range: 3–16 years) underwent therapeutic circumcision. The average length of follow-up data available was 2.1 years (range: 6 months to 4 years). The overall complication rate was 4.7% (n = 16). There were no unplanned admissions and no cases returned to the operating room as emergency. Only 1% (n = 3) of patients presented with an early complication (minor bleeding, pain, urinary retention), and 3.7% (n = 11) suffered a late complication (meatal stenosis [2.7%]). All cases of meatal stenosis had lichen sclerosus confirmed on histology. Cosmetic satisfaction was 99%.
Conclusion Therapeutic circumcision is an effective procedure in the pediatric population, which carries a low risk of early and late complications. Our study found that meatal stenosis only occurred in those patients with confirmed lichen sclerosus histology.
Is Postpartum Patient Navigation Uniquely Beneficial for Women with Antenatal Depressive Symptoms?
Authors: Martinez Noelle G. , Yee Lynn M. , Miller Emily S. 
Published: December 2020

Objective Women with depression benefit substantively from the comprehensive postpartum visit yet are less likely to attend such visits. Postpartum patient navigation has been associated with improved postpartum visit attendance. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether patient navigation was associated with differential postpartum visit attendance for low-income, largely racial/ethnic minority women with antenatal depressive symptoms.
Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a prospective postpartum patient navigation program for adult, low-income, largely racial/ethnic minority women receiving prenatal care at a single university clinic (n = 474). Patient navigators assumed supportive and logistical responsibilities for patients between delivery and postpartum visit completion (“navigation cohort”); women in the navigation cohort were compared with women who would have been eligible for patient navigation but received care the year before program implementation (“pre-navigation cohort”). Women were considered to have antenatal depressive symptoms if they had a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score above 9 prior to delivery. The primary outcome was attendance at the comprehensive postpartum visit by 12 weeks. Factors associated with this outcome were assessed in a prenavigation cohort of women and were subsequently evaluated in the total cohort (prenavigation and navigation groups) using multivariable models. An interaction term between antenatal depressive symptoms and navigation status was generated to evaluate for effect modification.
Results In the prenavigation cohort, antenatal depressive symptoms were more frequent among women who did not attend the postpartum visit (25.0 vs. 10.2%, p = 0.002) and remained a risk factor for postpartum visit nonattendance on multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.83). In the navigation cohort (n = 218), the presence of antenatal depressive symptoms was not associated with attendance (p = 0.117). In multivariable analyses of the total cohort, the interaction term between antenatal depressive symptoms and navigation was statistically significant (aOR: 11.06, 95% CI: 1.21–101.08).
Conclusion Postpartum patient navigation appears particularly beneficial among women with antenatal depressive symptoms for increasing postpartum appointment attendance.
Key Points
Changing oil: self-driving vehicles and the Norwegian state
Authors: Haugland Bård Torvetjønn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExpectations regarding the imminent arrival of self-driving vehicles has prompted nations to embed such vehicles in policy and explore their potential through pilot projects. The article analyses interviews and document to explore the politics of self-driving vehicles in Norway. Using sociotechnical imaginaries as a theoretical starting point, the article finds that Norwegian policy and legislation frame self-driving vehicles in rather general terms, primarily citing expected economic gains and prospects of improving the transport sector. When these policies were operationalized in the transport innovation project Borealis, the Norwegian Public Roads Administration grafted the policies onto distinctively Norwegian use-cases: self-driving vehicles and associated infrastructures were envisioned to benefit the Norwegian fishing industry, have ramifications for standardization work within the European Union, and possibly foster a Norwegian high-tech industry. The prospect of a high-tech industry links self-driving vehicles to the green shift, a collectively imagined future in which the Norwegian petroleum industry has been phased out and replaced by ‘greener’ industries. In sum, self-driving vehicles are mobilized both as a desirable transport innovation and as part of a national narrative: through innovation relating to such vehicles, Norway might be able to phase out a petroleum-reliant economy while remaining an affluent nation with high levels of social welfare.
A sparse representation of transients based on a parametric multiple-impulse dictionary for extracting impact features from an automatic tool-changing system
Authors: Li Guofa , Huo Yongchao , He Jialong , Wang Yanbo , Yang Zhaojun , Wei Jingfeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An automatic tool-changing system (ATCS) is one of the key sub-systems for realizing automatic tool changing in machining centers. Each step in a tool-changing cycle tends to result in impacts, and thus generates transients in the vibration signal. The impact features often reflect important operational information related to the ATCS dynamics, and a crucial problem for impact-feature extraction is how to effectively represent the transients. A novel method for extracting impact features from an ATCS is proposed, based on sparse representation theory. A parametric multiple-impulse dictionary is constructed by the unit impulse-response function of a damped multiple-degree-of-freedom system, whose modal order, amplitudes, natural frequencies, relative damping ratios and initial phases are directly identified from the vibration signal by an improved state-space method. This leads to high similarity between atoms and impact-induced transients. To improve the calculation speed, a split augmented Lagrangian shrinkage method is used to obtain optimal sparse coefficients. With the proposed method, both the moments of impact occurrence and the time intervals between transients can be effectively identified, and thus the impact features can be extracted. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulated signals as well as practical ATCS vibration signals. A comparison study shows that the proposed method is superior to empirical-mode decomposition, ensemble-empirical-mode decomposition and variational-mode decomposition when used for impact-feature extraction.
Transparent HfO
x
-based memristor with robust flexibility and synapse characteristics by interfacial control of oxygen vacancies movement
Authors: Liang Ange , Zhang Jingwei , Wang Fang , Jiang Yutong , Hu Kai , Shan Xin , Liu Qi , Song Zhitang , Zhang Kailiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hafnium oxides (HfO
x
) based flexible memristors were fabricated on polyethylene naphtholate (PEN) substrates to simulate a variety of bio-synapse functions. By optimizing the manufacturing conditions of electrode and active films, it is proved that the TiN/HfO
x
/W/ITO/PEN bilayer device has robust flexibility and can still be modulated after 2000 times of bending. The memristor device exhibits better symmetrical and linear characteristics with excellent uniformity at lower programming power consumption (∼38 μW). In addition, the essential synaptic behaviors have further been achieved in the devices, including the transition from short-term plasticity to long-term plasticity and spike time-dependent plasticity. Through the analysis of I–V curves and XPS data, a switching mechanism based on HfO
x
/W interface boundary drift is constructed. It is revealed that the redox reaction caused by W intercalation can effectively regulate the content of oxygen vacancy in HfO
x
. At the same time, bias-induced interfacial reactions will regulate the movement of oxygen vacancies, which emulates bio-synapse functions and improves the electrical properties of the device.
Simulating propagation of the resultant electric field vector using 3D vector representations for circular, elliptical and plane-polarised waves
Authors: Singh I , Khun K Khun , Kaur B , Kaur H , Singh T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a way to simulate and visualise 3D representations of the resultant electric field vector propagation for plane, circular and elliptically polarised waves. These polarisation states are obtained by the superposition of two coherent linearly polarised waves oscillating in two mutually perpendicular directions. The required data to obtain the simulations for these representations is generated by programming an Excel spreadsheet for polarisation equations and varying the process parameters such as phase difference and amplitude of the superimposing waves. The obtained data are then linked with Origin Pro 8.5 software to draw 3D vector plots which provide a visual aid to understanding the propagation of the electric field vector with space and time. The method can be used as an easy and effective way to understand the concept of polarisation.
Vertical bounce of a plastic egg
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The vertical bounce of a plastic egg was investigated by dropping the egg on a horizontal surface and filming the result with a video camera. If the egg is dropped on one end then it bounces just like a spherical ball. If the top end of the egg is pointing forwards or backwards when it lands on the surface, or if the egg is spinning when it lands, then the bounce is very different. The egg can bounce forwards or backwards and it can bounce to a large height or only a very small height. The experiment would be suitable for a student project. It involves both translational and rotational motion of an object subject to an impact force and a torque.
Model for the dependence of cathode voltage in a Hall thruster on facility pressure
Authors: Jorns B A , Byrne M P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An analytical model for the dependence of the cathode coupling voltage in a Hall thruster on facility pressure is derived and investigated. The expression for the coupling voltage is determined by performing a line integral of the generalized Ohm’s law from the cathode emitter to the thruster’s main plume. The effects of pressure as well as non-classical resistance due to ion acoustic turbulence are included. The resulting model is applied to datasets from 12 different Hall thruster configurations and is shown in all cases to match the trends in the data within experimental uncertainty. The model in turn is used to extrapolate the experimental datasets to on-orbit conditions, and the confidence in these predictions is quantified through the lens of Bayesian parameter estimation. The derived model is discussed in the context of the underlying assumptions as well as previous models that have been proposed for this facility effect.
Exchange-free computation on an unknown qubit at a distance
Authors: Salih Hatim , Hance Jonte R , McCutcheon Will , Rudolph Terry , Rarity John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present a way of directly manipulating an arbitrary qubit, without the exchange of any particles. This includes as an application the exchange-free preparation of an arbitrary quantum state at Alice by a remote classical Bob. As a result, we are able to propose a protocol that allows one party to directly enact, by means of a suitable program, any computation exchange-free on a remote second party's unknown qubit. Further, we show how to use this for the exchange-free control of a universal two-qubit gate, thus opening the possibility of directly enacting any desired algorithm remotely on a programmable quantum circuit.
Transport fluctuation relations in interacting quantum pumps
Authors: Riwar Roman-Pascal , Splettstoesser Janine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The understanding of out-of-equilibrium fluctuation relations in small open quantum systems has been a focal point of research in recent years. In particular, for systems with adiabatic time-dependent driving, it was shown that the fluctuation relations known from stationary systems do no longer apply due the geometric nature of the pumping current response. However, the precise physical interpretation of the corrected pumping fluctuation relations as well as the role of many-body interactions remained unexplored. Here, we study quantum systems with many-body interactions subject to slow time-dependent driving, and show that fluctuation relations of the charge current can in general not be formulated without taking into account the total energy current put into the system through the pumping process. Moreover, we show that this correction due to the input energy is nonzero only when Coulomb-interactions are present. Thus, fluctuation response relations offer an until now unrevealed opportunity to probe many-body correlations in quantum systems. We demonstrate our general findings at the concrete example of a single-level quantum dot model, and propose a scheme to measure the interaction-induced discrepancies from the stationary case.
A DFT study of structural, electronic and optical properties of pristine and intrinsic vacancy defects containing barium zarconate (BaZrO3) using mBJ potential
Authors: Erum Nazia , Iqbal Muhammad Azhar , Bashir Imran 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
First principles calculations, using Full Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) method within the framework of density functional theory (DFT), are used to study structural, electronic and optical properties of barium zirconate (BaZrO3) in its pristine and intrinsic vacancy defects using the supercell approach. The calculated structural parameters with four semi-local exchange-correlation functionals Local Density Approximation (LDA), Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof for solids (PBEsol) GGA, Wu and Cohen (WC) GGA includes, lattice parameter ao, ground state volume Vo, bulk modulus Bo, total energies Eo, and bond lengths of Ba, Zr and O atoms. Furthermore, to avoid the underestimation of the band profile by other DFT schemes we highlight the LDA plus modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) potential in lieu of attaining opto-electronic aspects close to the anticipated experimental findings. The computed electronic band gap shows that band profile remains indirect with small difference in detail. The optical properties of Ba, Zr and O vacancy containing 2 × 2 × 2 supercells of BaZrO3 are calculated using real and imaginary part of dielectric function. The real part of the dielectric function using mBJ_s modification reveals that static dielectric constant of BaZrO3 is 3.8 that is, in excellent agreement with the experimental value of 4.0. The structural, electronic and optical properties of pristine BaZrO3 along with its non-stoichiometric intrinsic vacancy containing forms are studied to provide experimentalist with a better understanding of its physical properties which are vital for its functional utilization.