bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Activity of Daily Living (ADL) subgroups and Health impairment among Chinese elderly:A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yangchang , Xiong Yang , Yu Qiuhua , Shen Shisi , Chen Li , Lei Xun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Disability in aged people became one of the major challenges in China due to the acceleration of population aging, yet appropriate methods are limited to discriminate the degree of combined basic activity of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL).The present study explored an empirical typology of the activity of daily living (ADL) and its association with health status among the elderly in China.
Methods
Data throughout the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was retrieved and Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify the subgroups of ADL for included elderly subjects. Multinomial regression was performed to detect the effect of identified characteristics with class subgroups, and restricted cubic spine was drawn to show the relationship between ADL disability with age and BMI.
Results
The overall participants (n = 8108) were divided into three ADL classes by LPA - ‘no BADL limitation- IADL impairment’ (Class one, n = 1526, 19%), ‘no BADL limitation-no IADL limitation’ (Class two, n = 6062, 75%) and ‘BADL impairment- IADL impairment’ (Class three, n = 520, 6%). Compared with the participants in Class two, the oldest-old, living without spouse, lacking exercise and social activity, having experience of falls, having comorbidity of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, decreased cognitive function, depression symptom were highly associated with BADL/IADL difficulties in Class one and Class three,. Additionally, malnutrition and asthma were associated with combined ADL/IADL impairment (Class three), and illiteracy only was associated with IADL impairment (Class one). Furthermore, a significant U-shape relation was detected between age and BMI with ADL disability. The elderly with IADL impairment was less likely to evolve combined BADL/IADL impairment aged at 80–90, and the elderly with underweight or obese may have higher risk of combined BADL/IADL impairment.
Conclusion
A novel ADL assessment was explored using LPA, by which elderly people could be defined as three distinct classes of combined ADL/IADL. The predictors identified in the ADL classes could enlighten targeted intervention to address the onset of functional disability and consequent problems with the elderly.
Genome-Wide Identification of GH3 Genes in Brassica Oleracea and Identification of a Promoter Region for Anther-Specific Expression of a GH3 Gene
Authors: Yi Hankuil , Jeong Jiseong , Park Sunhee , Im Jeong Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:The Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) genes encode acyl acid amido synthetases, many of which have been shown to modulate the amount of active plant hormones or their precursors. GH3 genes, especially Group Ⅲ subgroup 6 GH3 genes, and their expression patterns in economically important kale-type Brassica oleracea have not been systematically identified. Results:As a first step to understand regulation and molecular functions of Group Ⅲ subgroup 6 GH3 genes, thirty-four GH3 genes including four subgroup 6 genes were identified In B. oleracea var. oleracea, using TO1000. Synteny found around subgroup 6 GH3 genes in TO1000 and Arabidopsis indicated that these genes are evolutionarily related. Although expression of four subgroup 6 GH3 genes in TO1000 is not induced by auxin, gibberellic acid, and jasmonic acid, the genes show different organ-dependent expression patterns. Only one TO1000 subgroup 6 GH3 gene, Bo2g011210, is expressed in anthers when microspores, polarized microspores, and bicellular pollens are present, similar to two out of four syntenic Arabidopsis subgroup 6 GH3 genes. Detailed analyses of promoter activities of Bo2g011210 further showed that Bo2g011210 is expressed in tapetal cells and pollens in anther, and also expressed in leaf primordia and floral abscission zones. Conclusions:Sixty-two base pair (bp) region (-340 ~ -279 bp upstream from start codon) and about 450 bp region (-1489 to -1017 bp) in Bo2g011210 promoter were found to be important for expressions in anther and expressions in leaf primordia and floral abscission zones, respectively. The identified anther-specific promoter region will be useful to develop male sterile transgenic Brassica plants.
A Novel Deep Learning Algorithm for Groundwater Level Prediction based on Spatiotemporal Attention Mechanism
Authors: Chen Chong , Zhou Han , Zhang Hui , Chen Lulu , Yan Zhu , Liang Huaqing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Groundwater resources play a vital role in production, human life and economic development. Effective prediction of groundwater levels would support better water resources management. Although machine learning algorithms have been studied and applied in many domains with good enough results, the researches in hydrologic domains are not adequate. This paper proposes a novel deep learning algorithm for groundwater level prediction based on spatiotemporal attention mechanism. Short-term (one month ahead) and long-term (twelve months ahead) prediction of groundwater level are conducted with observed groundwater levels collected from several boreholes in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China. Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and several baseline models (i.e., SVR, Support Vector Regression; FNN, Feedforward Neural Networks; LSTM, Long Short-Term Memory neural network). The results show that the proposed model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy compared to the baseline models with MAE of 0.0754, RMSE of 0.0952 for short-term prediction and MAE of 0.0983, RMSE of 0.1215 for long-term prediction. This study provides a feasible and accurate approach for groundwater prediction which may facilitate decision making for water management.
CircRNA_0000392 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Sponging miR-193a-5p
Authors: Xu Hanchen , Liu Yujing , Cheng Peiqiu , Wang Chunyan , Liu Yang , Zhou Wenjun , Xu Yangxian , Ji Guang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), an important member of the non-coding RNA family, have been revealed the role in the pathogenic progression of diseases in recent years, particularly in the malignant progression of cancer. With the application of high-throughput sequencing technology, a large number of circRNAs have been found in tumor tissues, and some circRNAs have demonstrated the role as oncogenic genes. In this study, we analyzed the circRNA expression profile in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and normal adjacent tissues by high-throughput sequencing, focusing on the circRNA_0000392, a circRNA with significantly increased expression in colorectal cancer tissues, and further investigating its function in the progression of colorectal cancer.Methods: The expression profile of circRNAs in 6 pairs of CRC tissues and normal adjacent tissues was analyzed by RNA-sequencing. We verified the differential circRNAs with expanded samples by qRT-PCR, focused on circRNA_0000392, and evaluated its associations with clinicopathological features. Then we knocked down circRNA_0000392 in CRC cells and evaluated the effect in vitro and in vivo by functional experiments. The dual luciferase assay and RNA pull-down were performed to further explore the downstream potential molecular mechanisms.Results: CircRNA_0000392 was significantly up-regulated in CRC compared with normal adjacent tissues and cell line. The expression level of circRNA_0000392 was positively correlated with the malignant progression of CRC. Functional studies revealed that reducing the expression of circRNA_0000392 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circRNA­_0000392 could act as a sponge of miR-193a-5p and regulate the expression of PIK3R3, then affect the activation of the AKT-mTOR pathway in CRC cells.Conclusions: The circRNA_0000392 has the function as an oncogene through miR-193a-5p/PIK3R3-Akt axis in CRC cells, implying that circRNA_0000392 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of colorectal cancer and a predictive marker for CRC patients.
The Utility of a Three Part Differential Hematology Analyzer with CRP for Assessing Malaria
Authors: Nishimura Jun Ivan , Dharap Parag , Raimbault Sebastien 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHematology analyzers display abnormal hematology parameters during malaria infection providing insightful information for suspecting and assessing malaria infection. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the potential of a three part differential hematology analyzer to assess malaria, provide information about the parasitemia, and discuss the importance of combining CRP with hematology parameters to obtain further information about the malaria infection.MethodsThe present study shows the results of a retrospective study involving comparison of raw instrument data from a three part differential hematology analyzer with CRP measurement and corresponding microscopic findings of samples obtained during the monsoon season of years 2018 and 2019 in Mumbai, India. Mann-Whitney U and Krustal-Wallis tests were applied for obtaining statistical significance of hematology parameters and CRP among P. vivax, P. falciparum, dengue and negative samples. ResultsThe study considers 1008 non-malaria febrile cases, 209 P. vivax, 31 P. falciparum positive malaria samples, five cases of mixed species malaria infection, and three co-infection of malaria and dengue. Median values of WBCs, PLTs, PCT and %LYM were lower in malaria and dengue samples compared to negative ones with statistical difference (p < 0.05). Contrary, medians of MCHC, MPV, PDW, and %MON were higher than negative samples. The greatest difference in the analyzer results of malaria and dengue cases was observed in between their medians of CRP levels, which is evidenced by the values of the first quartiles of P. vivax and P. falciparum cases, and the third quartile of dengue cases being 8.6 and 10.4 mg/L, respectively.The parameters with a statistical difference for different levels of parasitemia were WBC, PLT, %MON and CRP. An interfering abnormal peak was observed in the white blood cell histogram, below 37 fl, in malaria infected samples, especially in P. vivax cases, where the height of that peak showed a strong correlation with red blood cells infected predominantly with larger parasitic forms.ConclusionsA three differential part hematology analyzer has the potential to not only trigger malaria diagnosis confirmation but also assess the severity of the infection when CRP is considered.
Efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with recurrent or refractory melanoma
Authors: Yuan Shumin , Fu Qiang , Ren Yingkun , Li Zhimeng , Wang Huijuan , Zhang Xiaojie , Huang Hao , Yang Yonghao , Shang Yiman , Gao Quanli , Wang Zibing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Prognosis of patients with metastatic malignant melanoma is very poor and partly due to high resistance to conventional chemotherapies. The study’s objectives were to assess the activity and tolerability of apatinib, an oral small molecule anti-angiogenesis inhibitor, in patients with recurrent advanced melanoma.
Methods

This was a single-arm, single-center phase II trial. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS). Eligible patients received at least one first-line therapy for advanced melanoma and experienced recurrence. Apatinib (500 mg) was orally administered daily. Trail registration: Clinical Trials, ID: NCT03383237. Registered on 24 December 2017. URL of trail registry record: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
Results

Fifteen patients were included in the analysis. The median PFS was 4.0 months. There were two major objective responses, for a 13.33% response rate. Eleven patients had stable disease, with a DCR of 86.67%.The median OS was 12.0 months. The most common clinically significant grade 3 or 4 toxicities included hypertension and canker sore. No treatment-related deaths occurred.
Conclusions

Apatinib showed antitumor activity as a second or first-line therapy in patients with malignant melanoma. The toxicity was manageable.
CDK12/13 Inhibition Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Enhances Anti-PD-1 Anticancer Activity in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Yi , Zhang Hui , Li Qin , Zou Pingjin , Huang Xingxiang , Wu Chihua , Tan Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The T cell response against different tumors is improved by immunogenic cell death (ICD), indicating a role for ICD in augmenting antitumor immunity elicited by the anti-checkpoint antibody anti-programmed death 1 (anti-PD-1). Methods: The effect of SR-4835 on breast cancer was analyzed by cell proliferation and flow cytometry. Calreticulin translocation and HMGB1 and ATP release were detected by flow cytometry, ELISA and luminescence assay, respectively. Immunogenicity in vitro was analyzed by co-culturing of SR-4835 treated cancer cells with bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and rate of maturation of BMDCs and production of IL-6 in the supernatant were measured. The in vivo antitumor effect was analyzed by syngeneic mouse model followed by flow cytometry for TILs.Results: In the present study, we report a synergistic and durable immune-mediated antitumor response elicited by the combined treatment of SR-4835, a CDK12/13 specific inhibitor, with PD-1 blockade in a murine model of 4T1 breast cancer. The developed combination therapy elicited antitumor activity in immunocompetent mouse tumor models. Furthermore, the SR-4835-treated tumor cells exhibited characteristics of ICD, including the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and ATP and the translocation of surface calreticulin (CRT). This activity led to a signiﬁcant T-cell dependent regression of tumors. The enhanced infiltration of T cells and dendritic cell (DC) activation in the tumors of mice treated with both SR-4835 and anti-PD-1 indicate that this combination treatment promotes an improved immune response and suggests a potential mechanism involving anti-PD-1 and SR-4835 activity that enhances anti-PD-1 effects. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate the potential of CDK12/13 inhibition combined with checkpoint inhibition in breast cancer treatment.
Four-year Behavioural, Health Related Quality of Life and BMI Outcomes From a Cluster Randomized Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (Whostops Childhood Obesity)
Authors: Allender Steven , Orellana Liliana , Crooks Nic , Bolton Kristy , Fraser Penny , Brown Andrew Dwight , Le Ha , Lowe Janette , haye Kayla De La , Millar Lynne , Moodie Marjorie , Swinburn Boyd , Bell Colin , Strugnell Claudia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To test the effectiveness of the Whole of Systems Trial of Prevention Strategies for Childhood Obesity (WHOSTOPS) for behavioural, health related quality of life and Body Mass Index (BMI) outcomes.Design :Cluster randomized trial of ten communities randomly allocated (1:1) to start intervention in 2015(step one) or in 2019 (after 4-years).Setting:Community based trial in South West Victoria, Australia, including all major health and local council agencies.Participants: Data were collected from 59 participating primary schools April-June of 2015 (73% school participation rate); 2017 (69%), and 2019 (63%). Student participation rates were 80% in 2015 (1,792/2,516 invited), 81% in 2017 (2,411/2,963), and 79% in 2019 (2,177/2,720).Interventions: Local leaders, organisations and community members developed obesity prevention interventions and implementation measures using a five phase process to change existing conditions that lead to childhood obesity.Main outcome measures: Measured height and weight (Grades two, four and six), self-reported behavioural, and health-related quality of life (Grade four and six).Results: There was an intervention by time interaction in both age and sex standardizedBMI (BMIz) (p=0.031)and obesity/overweight prevalence (p=0.006). The control communities remained unchanged whereas BMIz and overweight/obesity prevalence decreased between 2015 and 2017 and increased between 2017 and 2019 in intervention communities. The intervention reduced take away food consumption (p=0.006) and improved physical (p=0.036) and global (p=0.036) health related quality of life. Water consumption increased among girls (p=0.019)as did energy-dense and nutrient poor snack consumption (p=0.015) and take-away food consumption among boys (p= 0.012). BMIz of the grade two cohort steadily increased.Conclusions: WHOSTOPS had a positive impact on takeaway food intake and health-related quality of life.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): 12616000980437.Registered 26 July 2016 - Retrospectively registered https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/
Repurposing combination therapy of Voacamine with Vincristine for down regulation of HIF-1α/FASN co-axis and PHD2 activation in ER+ mammary neoplasia
Authors: Singh Lakhveer , Singh Manjari , Kumar Dinesh , Ansari Mohd. Nazam , Saeedan Abdulaziz S. , Kaithwas Gaurav 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The current study was attempted to inquest the role of combination therapy of Voacamine and Vincristine for the prevention of mammary gland carcinoma through prolyl hydroxylase-2 activation. The prolyl hydroxylase‐2 activation leads the downregulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and fatty acid synthase. Over expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and fatty acid synthase is previously reported in solid tumor of mammary gland.
Methods

After screening a battery of natural compounds which were similar to vincristine, vocamine was selected as a possible prolyl hydroxylase-2 activator and justify its activity using 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced rat model. The combination therapy was evaluated for cardiac toxicity using hemodynamic profile. The angiogenic markers were evaluated using carmine staining. Monotherapy and combination therapy were also evaluated for liver and kidney toxicity through haematoxylin and eosin staining. The combination therapy also delineated the markers of oxidative stress favorably. Afterwards, the disruption of fatty acids was evaluated using gas chromatography.
Results

The immunoblotting analysis validated that combination therapy has a potential to switch on the prolyl hydroxylase-2 activity and thus initiate proteolytic degradation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and its consequence effects. The combination therapy also stimulated programmed cell death (apoptosis) in rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Conclusion

The present study explores the role of voacamine in activation of prolyl hydroxylase-2 which can decrease over expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and fatty acid synthase in cells of mammary gland carcinoma.
Number of Pre-Existing Comorbidities and Prognosis of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jing Danrong , Su Juan , Ye Lin , Zhang Yan , Cui Yanhui , Liu Hong , Shen Minxue , Pan Pinhua , Chen Xiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Though many studies have described the association of COVID-19 and different kinds of noncommunicable chronic diseases, information with the combine effects of comorbidities to COVID-19 patients have not been well characterized yet. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of numbers of comorbidities with critical type and death of COVID-19.Methods: This was a single-centered retrospective study among patients with COVID-19. All patients with COVID-19 enrolled in this study were diagnosed according to World Health Organization interim guidance. Six different kinds of noncommunicable chronic diseases were included in this study. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the fixed effect of numbers of comorbidities on critical type or death, adjusting for potential confounders.Results: In total, 475 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in our study, included 234 females and 241 males. Hypertension was the most frequent type (162 [34.1%] of 475 patients). Patients with two or more comorbidities have higher risk of critical type (OR 3.072, 95% CI [1.581, 5.970], p=0.001) and death (OR 5.538, 95% CI [1.577, 19.451], p=0.008) compared to patients without comorbidities. And the results were similar after adjusting for age and gender in critical type (OR 2.021, 95% CI [1.002–4.077], p=0.049) and death (OR 3.653, 95% CI [0.989, 13.494], p=0.052).Conclusions: The number of comorbidities was an independent risk factor for critical type and death in COVID-19 patients.
Differential Effects of Larval and Adult Nutrition on Survival, Fecundity, and Size of the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes Aegypti
Authors: Yan Jiayue , Kibech Roumaissa , Stone Chris M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is the principal vector of multiple infectious pathogens that can cause severe illness such as dengue fever, yellow fever and Zika. Their transmission potential for these arboviruses is largely shaped by their life history traits, such as their survival and fecundity. These life history traits depend on environmental conditions, such as larval and adult nutrition (e.g., nectar availability). Both these types of nutrition are known to affect the energetic reserves and life history traits of adults, but whether and how nutrition obtained during different stages have an interactive influence on mosquito life history traits remains largely unknown. Results: Here, we experimentally manipulated both larval and adult diets to create four nutritional levels, that is, a high amount of larval food plus poor (weak concentration of sucrose) adult food: HL+PA, high larval plus good (normal sucrose concentration) adult food: HL+GA, low larval plus poor adult food: LL+PA and low larval plus good adult food: LL+GA. We then compared the size, survival and fecundity of mosquitoes reared from these nutritional regimes. We found that larval and adult nutrition affected mosquito size and survival, respectively, without interactions, while both larval and adult nutrition synergistically influenced mosquito fecundity. There was a positive relationship between mosquito size and fecundity. In addition, this positive relationship was not affected by nutrition. Conclusions: These findings highlight how larval and adult nutrition differentially influence mosquito life history traits, suggesting that studies evaluating nutritional effects on vectorial capacity traits should account for environmental variation across life stages.