bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buckling Instability Control of 1D Nanowire Networks for a Large‐Area Stretchable and Transparent Electrode
Authors: Kim Byoung Soo , Kwon Hyowon , Kwon Hyun Jeong , Pyo Jun Beom , Oh Jinwoo , Hong Soo Yeong , Park Jong Hyuk , Char Kookheon , Ha Jeong Sook , Son Jeong Gon , Lee Sang‐Soo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA commonly used strategy to impose deformability on conductive materials is the prestrain method, in which conductive materials are placed on prestretched elastic substrates and relaxed to create wavy or wrinkled structures. However, 1D metallic nanowire (NW) networks typically result in out‐of‐plane buckling defects and NW fractures, due to their rigid and brittle nature and nonuniform load transfer to specific points of NW. To resolve these problems, an alternative method is proposed to control the elastic modulus of 1D NW networks through contact with various solvents during compressive strain. Through solvent contact, the interface interactions between the NWs and between the NW and substrate can be controlled, and it is shown that the surface instability of the 1D random network is formed differently from a uniform bilayer film, which also can vary with the modulus of the network. For modulus values lower than the critical point, slippage and rearrangement of NW strands mainly occur and individual strands in the network show an in‐plane wavy configuration, which is ideal for structural stretchability. Based on the solvent‐assisted prestrain method, letter‐sized, large‐area stretchable, and transparent electrodes with high transparency and conductivity are achieved, and stretchable and transparent alternating current electroluminescent devices for stretchable display applications are also realized.
Homotypic Targeting Delivery of siRNA with Artificial Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Lingmin , Deng Sai , Zhang Yanfen , Peng Qingsheng , Li Huan , Wang Ping , Fu Xiaomei , Lei Xueping , Qin Aiping , Yu Xiyong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe camouflage with cell membrane bestows nanoparticles with cell‐like functions, such as specific recognition, long blood circulation, and immune escaping. For cancer therapy, the nanoparticles camouflaged with cancer cell membrane (CCM) from homologous cells show homotypic targeting delivery of small molecule compounds, photosensitizers, or enzymes to the tumors. However, effective gene therapy encounters difficulties by this approach due to the properties of nucleic acids. Herein, a cancer cell‐like gene delivery system is developed using an excellent polymer poly(β‐amino ester) (PBAE) to condense small interfering RNA (siRNA) (targeting to Plk1 gene) into nanoparticles (PBAE/siPlk1) as the core, which is further camouflaged with CCM. These novel biomimetic nanoparticles CCM/PBAE/siPlk1 (CCMPP) demonstrate highly specific targeting to homotypic cancer cells, effective downregulation of PLK1 level, and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. Based on the homotypic binding adhesion molecules on the CCM, the cellular internalization and homotypic‐targeting accumulation to the tumors are clearly improved. CCMPP induces highly efficient apoptosis of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo and results in significant tumor inhibition. The artificial cancer cells with homotypic properties can serve as a biomimetic delivery system for cancer‐targeted gene therapy.
Vertically Aligned NiCo2S4 Nanosheets Deposited on N‐Doped Graphene for Bifunctional and Durable Electrode of Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Lee Hyun Sun , Pan Jing , Gund Girish Sambhaji , Park Ho Seok 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeveloping non‐noble metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and stability is very important for practical water splitting technology. Herein, electrocatalytically active, bifunctional, and durable electrodes, are reported where NiCo2S4 nanosheets deposited onto nitrogen‐incorporated reduced graphene oxide (N‐rGO) are assembled onto 3D Ni foam. These freestanding binder‐free electrodes exhibit excellent bifunctional catalytic activity for both hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions in alkaline condition, as well as overall water splitting reaction measured in a two‐electrode configuration. The cell voltage is as low as 1.63 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and this value is well preserved with negligible overpotential for more than 50 h. The results open a door to design bifunctional durable electrode based on non‐noble metals for practical alkaline water electrolyzers.
Smart Textile‐Based Personal Thermal Comfort Systems: Current Status and Potential Solutions
Authors: Tabor Jordan , Chatterjee Kony , Ghosh Tushar K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThermophysiological comfort in humans is sought universally but seldom achieved due to biological and physiological variances. Most people in developed parts of the world rely on highly energy‐intensive, and inefficient central heating/cooling systems to achieve thermophysiological comfort which is rarely satisfactory. A potential solution to this issue is a wearable personal thermal comfort system (PTCS) consisting of textile‐based temperature and moisture sensors, thermal and moisture responsive actuators, and/or heating/cooling devices, that can sense the environment and physiology of the wearer, and accordingly provide an individualized thermal environment. Moving thermal regulation away from the built environment to the microclimate surrounding the human body using textiles has the potential to provide personalized thermal comfort and energy savings. Such a system may employ thermal comfort models and leverage the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) to understand individuals' comfort requirements. Herein, the current state of textile‐based active and passive comfort systems/technologies are summarized, including their environmental impact, major thermal comfort models, and factors influencing comfort. Also, active and passive textile‐based devices (sensors, actuators, and flexible heating/cooling devices) that may be incorporated into a textile‐based wearable PTCS are comprehensively discussed with an emphasis on their advantages, limitations, and prospects.
Highly Customizable Transparent Silver Nanowire Patterning via Inkjet‐Printed Conductive Polymer Templates Formed on Various Surfaces
Authors: Park Jongjang , Kim Geonhee , Lee Byeongmoon , Lee Seunghwan , Won Phillip , Yoon Hyungsoo , Cho Hyeon , Ko Seung Hwan , Hong Yongtaek 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSilver nanowires (AgNWs) have been considered as replacements of indium tin oxide (ITO) due to superior optoelectronic properties and mechanical stability for flexible electronics. However, high cost and process complexity of patterning process disturb their applicability to commercial products. Herein, a facile patterning method of AgNWs by using inkjet‐printed conductive polymer templates is developed, which can be applied on various surfaces including super hydrophobic light‐emitting organic layer. Combination of inkjet and transfer printing processes rendered high degree of freedom both in customizing patterns and in tuning transparency and conductivity simultaneously. AgNWs are selectively transferred from a donor elastomer onto formulated adhesive conductive polymer patterns. By changing thickness of the AgNW networks flood‐coated on the elastomer, their transparency and conductivity can be tuned during the transfer process. AgNW transparent electrodes on plastic substrates have much higher figure of merit than that of ITO on plastic substrate. The selective transfer process simultaneously solves inherent issues of the AgNW electrodes such as poor adhesion to various surfaces, surface roughness, and fine pattern formation. Finally, with superior optoelectronic property and mechanical flexibility of the electrodes, various flexible electronic applications are demonstrated.
Multilevel Spherical Photonic Crystals with Controllable Structures and Structure‐Enhanced Functionalities
Authors: Wang Juan , Le‐The Hai , Shui Lingling , Bomer Johan G. , Jin Mingliang , Zhou Guofu , Mulvaney Paul , Pinkse Pepijn W. H. , van den Berg Albert , Segerink Loes I. , Eijkel Jan C. T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpherical photonic crystals (SPCs) with tailorable multiscale structure, versatile surface morphology, and controllable optical properties of both photonic stop band (PSB) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), have been fabricated using a robust and facile method. The fabricated SPCs consist of well‐spaced gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) (3rd‐tier) anchored on silica nanopatterns (2nd‐tier) confined in microspherical templates (1st‐tier). Droplet microfluidics is used to produce microdroplets containing silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) which assemble to form two‐tier SPCs. Subsequently, three‐tier SPCs are obtained by thermal dewetting and evaporation of metal films deposited on the two‐tier SPCs, with the 3rd‐tier morphology being controlled by the deposited film morphology and programmed thermal annealing. Optical PSB and SPR properties of the prepared SPCs can be on‐demand tailored by the 2nd and 3rd‐tier morphology and their corresponding constituent materials. It is found that the scattering from AuNC arrays on the SPCs can be amplified by tailoring the PSB properties. The hierarchical SPCs manufactured by this method take advantages of low‐cost, high controllability, and further processability. The manufacturing of flexible film encapsulated well‐assembled SPCs as anticounterfeiting stamps, which are easy to be identified using the mobile phone with a flash, is demonstrated.
Metallacycle/Metallacage‐Cored Fluorescent Supramolecular Assemblies with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Properties
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Jinjin , Li Hui , Fan Yiqi , He Tian , Qiu Huayu , Yin Shouchun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFluorescent supramolecular assemblies have attracted significant attention for their application as bioimaging agents, biological and chemical sensors, light‐emitting materials, and gene and drug vectors. The introduction of supramolecular coordination complexes constructed by the spontaneous formation of dative metal–ligand bonds through coordination‐driven self‐assembly into fluorescent supramolecular assemblies is of particular interest. This is because the introduction of metal coordination renders the synthesized assemblies excellent stability in addition to providing unique emissions that are different from the fluorescent ligands or metal ions. The discovery of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), wherein the fluorophores are nonfluorescent in the molecular state, but become highly emissive in the aggregate state, presents new chances for fluorescent supramolecular assemblies since such assemblies are often required to be employed at high concentrations or in the solid state. This progress report provides a summary of the recent design, construction, and application of metallacycle/metallacage‐cored fluorescent supramolecular assemblies based on coordination‐driven self‐assembly, wherein the assemblies exhibit AIE properties. Example applications discussed in detail include light‐emitting materials, chemical and biological sensors, bioimaging agents, and cancer therapy. Moreover, several unsolved issues related to metallacycle/metallacage‐cored fluorescent supramolecular assemblies are discussed in the context of possible future applications of this field.
Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Radical Ring‐Opening Cyanation of Cyclopropanols and Cyclopropanone Acetals
Authors: Wu Lianqian , Wang Lei , Chen Pinghong , Guo Yin‐Long , Liu Guosheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA novel approach for enantioselective cyanation of cyclopropanols and their derivatives through copper‐catalyzed radical relay processes has been developed. Various cyclopropanols and cyclopropanone acetals are compatible to the catalytic conditions, providing β‐carbonyl nitriles with excellent enantioselectivity. These products can be readily converted to chiral γ‐amino acids derivatives and drugs such as (R)‐baclofen. Preliminary mechanistic studies have supported a ring‐opening process for cyclopropanoxy radicals followed by copper‐catalyzed enantioselective cyanation of benzylic radicals to form the C−CN bonds in an enantioselective manner.magnified image
Adhesive Nanocomposite for Prolonging Foliar Retention and Synergistic Weeding and Nourishing
Authors: Ji Yanzheng , Huang Mengjie , Yan Jia , Qi Taomei , Li Tao , Liu Yanhui , Lü Shaoyu , Liu Mingzhu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe volatilization and leaching for most fertilizers and pesticides raise questions about the sustainability of ecosystems. To enhance the utilization of fertilizers and pesticides, pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites are developed to prolong foliar retention and play a synergistic effect of weeding and nourishing for plant growth. The pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites are prepared based on positive‐charge functionalized mesoporous silica and polydopamine, by chelating micronutrients (Zn2+) and loading pesticide 2,4‐D. A high loading capacity of Zn2+ (233.4 mg g−1) and 2,4‐D (17.8%) is achieved. Zn2+ and the pesticide show excellent pH‐responsive release behavior. At pH 7.0, the cumulative release is 45.35% for the pesticide after 144 h and 17% for Zn2+ after 30 days. These results reveal that the pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites can remove weeds quickly and provide nutrients for crop growth in the long term. The germination rate of purslane dramatically decreases when treating with the nanocomposites, while that of corn seeds is not influenced. Excellent adhesion performance of the nanocomposites is observed on a hydrophobic surface, which can effectively reduce the risk of being washed away by rain. All the results indicate that the pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites with a good synergistic effect is environmentally friendly for large‐scale application in sustainable modern agriculture.
Emerging Materials and Strategies for Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Hu Run , Liu Yida , Shin Sunmi , Huang Shiyao , Ren Xuecheng , Shu Weicheng , Cheng Jingjing , Tao Guangming , Xu Weilin , Chen Renkun , Luo Xiaobing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this decade, the demands of energy saving and diverse personal thermoregulation requirements along with the emergence of wearable electronics and smart textiles give rise to the resurgence of personal thermal management (PTM) technologies. PTM, including personal cooling, heating, insulation, and thermoregulation, are far more flexible and extensive than the traditional air/liquid cooling garments for the human body. Concomitantly, many new advanced materials and strategies have emerged in this decade, promoting the thermoregulation performance and the wearing comfort of PTM simultaneously. In this review, an overview is presented of the state‐of‐the‐art and the prospects in this burgeoning field. The emerging materials and strategies of PTM are introduced, and classed by their thermal functions. The concept of infrared‐transparent visible‐opaque fabric (ITVOF) is first highlighted, as it triggers the work on advanced PTM by combining it with radiative cooling, and the corresponding implementations and realizations are subsequently introduced, followed by wearable heaters, flexible thermoelectric devices, and sweat‐management Janus textiles. Finally, critical considerations on the challenges and opportunities of PTM are presented and future directions are identified, including thermally conductive polymers and fibers, physiological/psychological statistical analysis, and smart PTM strategies.
Migration and agglomeration of adhesive microparticle suspensions in a pressure‐driven duct flow
Authors: Liu Wenwei , Wu Chuan‐Yu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTransport of suspensions consisting of monodisperse adhesive microparticles in a pressure‐driven duct flow with the Reynolds number in the range of 5.4–108 is analyzed by means of a coupled lattice Boltzmann method with the discrete element method. The influence of the adhesion on migration and agglomeration of particles is investigated. The results show that the suspensions undergo a transition from purely lateral focusing to completely agglomeration as the surface energy is increased. A dimensionless adhesion number, defined as the ratio of the adhesive force to the drag force, is employed to characterize the degree of agglomeration. It is found that all the particles come into agglomerates as the adhesion number reaches a critical value. Moreover, a detailed examination of size evolution and velocity illustrates that the agglomerates mainly grow spherically, and their velocities depend on the lateral positions rather than their sizes, as the Stokes number is far below one.
Outcome and determinants of failure to complete primary R‐CHOP treatment for reasons other than non‐response among patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Wästerlid Tove , Harrysson Sara , Andersson Therese M.‐L. , Ekberg Sara , Enblad Gunilla , Andersson Per‐Ola , Jerkeman Mats , Eloranta Sandra , Smedby Karin E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who fail to complete planned treatment with R‐CHOP due to toxicity are sparsely described. We investigated the extent of failure to complete treatment (six cycles or more, or three cycles + RT for patients with stage I disease) with R‐CHOP for reasons unrelated to non‐response, the determinants of such failure and the outcome among these patients. Three thousand one hundred and forty nine adult DLBCL patients who started primary treatment with R‐CHOP were identified through the Swedish lymphoma register 2007‐2014. Of these, 147 (5%) stopped prematurely after 1‐3 cycles of R‐CHOP for reasons unrelated to non‐response, 168 (5%) after 4‐5 cycles and 2639 patients (84%) completed planned treatment. Additionally, 195 (6%) patients did not complete treatment due to non‐response or death before treatment end. In a multivariable logistic regression model, age > 75 years, poor performance status, extranodal disease and Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥1 were significantly associated with failure to complete planned R‐CHOP treatment for other reasons than non‐response. Non‐completion of treatment strongly correlated with survival. Five‐year overall survival for patients who received 1‐3 cycles was 26% (95% CI: 19%‐33%), 49% (95% CI: 41%‐57%) for 4‐5 cycles and 76% (74%‐77%) for patients who completed treatment. Failure to complete planned R‐CHOP treatment is an important clinical issue associated with inferior survival. Old age and poor performance status most strongly predict such failure. These results indicate a need for improved treatment tailoring for patients with certain baseline demographics to improve tolerability and chance for treatment completion.
Chinese herb feed additives improved the growth performance, meat quality, and nutrient digestibility parameters of pigs
Authors: Lin Zhong‐ning , Ye Li , Li Zhen‐wu , Huang Xiu‐sheng , Lu Zheng , Yang You‐quan , Xing Huan‐wei , Bai Jie‐ying , Ying Zhao‐yang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSince the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a critical concern worldwide due to severe threats to human health and environment, we are in need of finding alternatives to antibiotics in pig breeding, maintaining the health of pigs, and getting high‐quality pork. As traditional Chinese herbs (TCH) are rich natural resources in China and show great benefits to human health we propose to transfer this abundant resource into animal production industry as additives.MethodsThree groups of Chinese herbs (groups A, B, and C) were used as feed additives in the diet for pigs. In total 32 pigs were arranged in four groups (groups A, B, C, and control group, NC), fed in the same facility, eight pigs (one group) in each colony, free drinking, for 120 days. The feed:gain ratio (F/G), meat quality, total protein, and amino acid concentration of muscle were checked in the experiments.ResultsAfter 120 days of feeding, the feed:gain ratio (F/G) of pigs in groups A, B, and C was decreased 17.56%, 9.31%, and 13.86% compared with NC treatment, respectively. The diets supplemented with Chinese herbs improved meat quality, increased loin eye area (especially group A and C showed significant difference, P < .001), the total protein (increased ratio vs NC was A = 4.54%, B = 0.38% and C = 3.53%), amino acid concentration of muscle, increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio, and induced positive effects on serum biochemical parameters and immune function (serum TC and TG concentrations were significantly lower than those in the NC group, P < .05.).ConclusionsThe use of Chinese herbal feed additives can reduce the cost of pig breeding and produce high‐quality pock. The combination of these effects would contribute to better absorption ability of the intestinal tract and yield a better growth performance.
Reevaluation for prognostic value of prognostic burn index in severe burn patients
Authors: Kaita Yasuhiko , Tarui Takehiko , Tanaka Yuya , Suzuki Jun , Yoshikawa Kei , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2020

AimThe prognostic burn index (PBI), which consists of half partial‐thickness burn surface area plus full‐thickness burn surface area and age, has been widely used to predict mortality in Japan. However, the prognostic value of PBI has not been investigated sufficiently. The purpose of the present study is to clinically reevaluate the PBI in severe burn patients.MethodsData of 69 severe burn patients admitted to the burn center at Kyorin University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) from January 2008 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome in this study was in‐hospital mortality.ResultsThe overall in‐hospital mortality rate was 34.8%. There were significant differences in age, the presence of inhalation injury, total burned surface area, full‐thickness burn area, burn index, and PBI between survivors and non‐survivors. In logistic regression analysis, PBI was independently associated with mortality, while the presence of inhalation injury was not. A PBI above the threshold of 105 was significantly associated with in‐hospital mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PBI was 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.93).ConclusionThe PBI could be a good prognostic indicator. A PBI above the threshold of 105 was associated with mortality among severe burn patients treated in burn‐care facilities.
Die “grüne” elektrochemische Synthese von Periodat
Authors: Arndt Sebastian , Weis Dominik , Donsbach Kai , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHochreines Periodat ist relativ teuer, wird jedoch für viele anspruchsvolle Anwendungen, wie zur Synthese von Pharmawirkstoffen (API) benötigt. Die hohen Kosten entstehen durch die Verwendung von Bleidioxid‐Anoden und durch den Einsatz von teuren Edukten in den zurzeit verfügbaren elektrochemischen Herstellungsmethoden. Eine direkte und kosteneffiziente elektrochemische Synthese von Periodat aus Iodid als kostengünstiges und leicht verfügbares Edukt wird berichtet. Die Oxidation wird an bordotierten Diamantanoden durchgeführt, die beständig, metallfrei und ungiftig sind. Die Vermeidung von Bleidioxid reduziert letztendlich die Kosten für die Aufreinigung sowie die Qualitätssicherung. Der elektrolytische Prozess wurde in statistischen Versuchsreihen optimiert und in einer elektrochemischen Flusszelle skaliert. Die Raumzeitausbeute konnte durch mehrfaches Durchpumpen erhöht werden. Eine LC‐PDA‐Analysemethode wurde etabliert, die eine einfache und simultane Quantifizierung von Iodid, Iodat und Periodat in hoher Präzision erlaubt.