bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focus groups and serious gaming in climate change communication research—A methodological review
Authors: Wibeck Victoria , Neset Tina‐Simone 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article explores the methodological challenges and opportunities of climate change communication research in a digital landscape. It scrutinizes the potential and limitations of combining group‐based qualitative interview methods, such as focus groups, with new digital media tools such as serious games. The paper brings together three strands of research: Climate change communication studies, methods literature on focus groups, and literature on (digital) serious gaming. Our review demonstrates that studies that deliberately combine focus groups methods with serious gaming have hitherto been scarce. There is a proliferation of digital visualization tools in climate change communication. We therefore see the need to critically explore what and how the integration of digital tools into qualitative group‐based studies can contribute to enhancing research into climate change communication and knowledge development. To illuminate the opportunities and challenges for the integration of serious gaming in focus group studies in the area of climate change communication, we bring in a few illustrative examples from a research project that integrated focus group methodology with a serious game on climate adaptation in Nordic agriculture. Introducing digital serious games in focus group‐based climate change communication studies can benefit climate change communication research in at least three ways: (a) by spurring participants’ in‐depth discussions, facilitating analysis of how sense‐making occurs; (b) by providing opportunities to evaluate features of the game itself and to develop it for different target audiences; and (c) by forming part of participatory climate change communication activities, engaging lay people and/or experts in co‐creating knowledge.This article is categorized under:Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Perceptions of Climate Change
Ambrosetti–Prodi Type Results for Dirichlet Problems of Fractional Laplacian-Like Operators
Authors: Biswas Anup , Lőrinczi József 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe establish Ambrosetti–Prodi type results for viscosity and classical solutions of nonlinear Dirichlet problems for fractional Laplace and comparable operators. In the choice of nonlinearities we consider semi-linear and super-linear growth cases separately. We develop a new technique using a functional integration-based approach, which is more robust in the non-local context than a purely analytic treatment.
Overcoming polyploidy pitfalls: a user guide for effective SNP conversion into KASP markers in wheat
Authors: Makhoul M. , Rambla C. , Voss-Fels K. P. , Hickey L. T. , Snowdon R. J. , Obermeier C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Key message
Conversion of SNP chip assays into locus-specific KASP markers requires adapted strategies in polyploid species with high genome homeology. Procedures are exemplified by QTL-associated SNPs in hexaploid wheat.

Abstract
Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers are commonly used in marker-assisted commercial plant breeding due to their cost-effectiveness and throughput for high sample volumes. However, conversion of trait-linked SNP markers from array-based SNP detection technologies into KASP markers is particularly challenging in polyploid crop species, due to the presence of highly similar homeologous and paralogous genome sequences. We evaluated strategies and identified key requirements for successful conversion of Illumina Infinium assays from the wheat 90 K SNP array into robust locus-specific KASP markers. Numerous examples showed that commonly used software for semiautomated KASP primer design frequently fails to achieve locus-specificity of KASP assays in wheat. Instead, alignment of SNP probes with multiple reference genomes and Sanger sequencing of relevant genotypes, followed by visual KASP primer placement, was critical for locus-specificity. To identify KASP assays resulting in false calling of heterozygous individuals, validation of KASP assays using extended reference genotype sets including heterozygous genotypes is strongly advised for polyploid crop species. Applying this strategy, we developed highly reproducible, stable KASP assays that are predictive for root biomass QTL haplotypes from highly homoeologous wheat chromosome regions. Due to their locus-specificity, these assays predicted root biomass considerably better than the original trait-associated markers from the Illumina array.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Long-term follow-up outcomes of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD: a longitudinal pooled analysis of six phase 2 trials
Authors: Jerome Lisa , Feduccia Allison A. , Wang Julie B. , Hamilton Scott , Yazar-Klosinski Berra , Emerson Amy , Mithoefer Michael C. , Doblin Rick 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rationale
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition that has wide-ranging negative effects on an individual’s health and interpersonal relationships. Treatments with long-term benefits are needed to promote the safety and well-being of those suffering from PTSD.

Objectives
To examine long-term change in PTSD symptoms and additional benefits/harms after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of PTSD.

Methods
Participants received two to three active doses of MDMA (75–125 mg) during blinded or open-label psychotherapy sessions with additional non-drug therapy sessions. PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM IV (CAPS-IV) at baseline, 1 to 2 months after the last active MDMA session (treatment exit), and at least 12 months post final MDMA session (LTFU). A mixed-effect repeated-measures (MMRM) analysis assessed changes in CAPS-IV total severity scores. The number of participants who met PTSD diagnostic criteria was summarized at each time point. Participants completed a long-term follow-up questionnaire.

Results
There was a significant reduction in CAPS-IV total severity scores from baseline to treatment exit (LS mean (SE) = − 44.8 (2.82), p < .0001), with a Cohen’s d effect size of 1.58 (95% CI = 1.24, 1.91). CAPS-IV scores continued to decrease from treatment exit to LTFU (LS mean (SE) = − 5.2 (2.29), p < .05), with a Cohen’s d effect size of 0.23 (95% CI = 0.04, 0.43). The number of participants who no longer met PTSD criteria increased from treatment exit (56.0%) to LTFU (67.0%). The majority of participants reported benefits, including improved relationships and well-being, and a minority reported harms from study participation.

Conclusions
PTSD symptoms were reduced 1 to 2 months after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, and symptom improvement continued at least 12 months post-treatment. Phase 3 trials are investigating this novel treatment approach in a larger sample of participants with chronic PTSD.

Trial registration
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00090064, NCT00353938, NCT01958593, NCT01211405, NCT01689740, NCT01793610
Robust late twenty-first century shift in the regional monsoons in RegCM-CORDEX simulations
Authors: Ashfaq Moetasim , Cavazos Tereza , Reboita Michelle Simões , Torres-Alavez José Abraham , Im Eun-Soon , Olusegun Christiana Funmilola , Alves Lincoln , Key Kesondra , Adeniyi Mojisola O. , Tall Moustapha , Sylla Mouhamadou Bamba , Mehmood Shahid , Zafar Qudsia , Das Sushant , Diallo Ismaila , Coppola Erika , Giorgi Filippo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe use an unprecedented ensemble of regional climate model (RCM) projections over seven regional CORDEX domains to provide, for the first time, an RCM-based global view of monsoon changes at various levels of increased greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing. All regional simulations are conducted using RegCM4 at a 25 km horizontal grid spacing using lateral and lower boundary forcing from three General Circulation Models (GCMs), which are part of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5). Each simulation covers the period from 1970 through 2100 under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). Regional climate simulations exhibit high fidelity in capturing key characteristics of precipitation and atmospheric dynamics across monsoon regions in the historical period. In the future period, regional monsoons exhibit a spatially robust delay in the monsoon onset, an increase in seasonality, and a reduction in the rainy season length at higher levels of radiative forcing. All regions with substantial delays in the monsoon onset exhibit a decrease in pre-monsoon precipitation, indicating a strong connection between pre-monsoon drying and a shift in the monsoon onset. The weakening of latent heat driven atmospheric warming during the pre-monsoon period delays the overturning of atmospheric subsidence in the monsoon regions, which defers their transitioning into deep convective states. Monsoon changes under the RCP2.6 scenario are mostly within the baseline variability.
The Rhipicephalus appendiculatus tick vector of Theileria parva is absent from cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) populations and associated ecosystems in northern Uganda
Authors: Obara I. , Githaka N. , Nijhof A. , Krücken J. , Nanteza A. , Odongo D. , Lubembe D. , Atimnedi P. , Mijele D. , Njeri A. , Mwaura S. , Owido G. , Ahmed J. , Clausen P. H. , Bishop R. P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRhipicephalus appendiculatusis the major tick vector ofTheileria parva, an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that causes the most economically important and lethal disease of cattle in East and central Africa. The African cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is the major wildlife host ofT. parvafrom southern Uganda and Kenya to southern Africa. We show herein thatR. appendiculatusappears to be absent from the two largest national parks in northern Uganda.Syncerus cafferis common in both of these national parks, specifically Murchison falls (MFNP) and Kidepo Valley (KVNP). We re-confirmed the previously reported absence ofT. parvain buffalo sampled in the two northern parks based on RLB data using a nested PCR based on theT. parvap104 gene. By contrast,T. parva-infectedR. appendiculatusticks and parasite-infected buffalo were present in Lake Mburo (LMNP) in South central Uganda. This suggests that the distribution ofR. appendiculatus, which is predicted to include the higher rainfall regions of northern Uganda, may be limited by additional, as yet unknown factors.
Analytische Ermittlung des Nutschlitzanteils der Stator-Rotor-Kapazität zur Vorausberechnung und Reduzierung von Lagerspannungen in elektrischen Maschinen
Authors: Stockbrügger Jan Ole , Ponick Bernd 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungSchnellschaltende Zweipunkt-Wechselrichter ermöglichen einen verlust- und geräuscharmen drehzahlveränderbaren Betrieb einer elektrischen Maschine. Der Trend zu umrichtergespeisten Antrieben wird durch sinkende Anschaffungskosten zusätzlich verstärkt. Die durch das Schalten der Leistungstransistoren erzeugten steilen Spannungsflanken und die vom Umrichter verursachte inhärente Gleichtaktspannung führen jedoch zu unerwünschten parasitären Effekten. Die Gleichtaktspannung, auch als Common-Mode-Spannung bezeichnet, wird durch den Umrichter in die Motorwicklung eingeprägt. Über die Wicklung-Rotor-Kapazität entsteht ein Abbild der Common-Mode-Spannung auf der Motorwelle, die auch an den Motorlagern anliegt und die Durchschlagsfestigkeit des Schmierfilms der Lager überschreiten und zu EDM-Lichtbogenentladungen führen kann, welche in der Beschädigung der Motorlager resultieren.Für die Bestimmung der an den Motorlagern anliegenden Spannung ist die Ermittlung der Kapazität zwischen Statorblechpaket und Rotor erforderlich. Die kapazitive Kopplung zwischen dem Stator und dem Rotor im Aktivteil der elektrischen Maschine wird mithilfe eines Zylinderkondensators modelliert. Der Einfluss der Nutöffnung des Statorblechpakets kann mittels des Carter-Faktors berücksichtigt werden. In diesem Artikel wird durch FEM-Simulationen der Einfluss der Permittivität des im Nutschlitz eingesetzten Materials untersucht und eine analytische Bestimmung der Stator-Rotor-Kapazität unter Berücksichtigung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften des Nutschlitzmaterials erarbeitet.
First nation-wide study of diabetic retinopathy in Poland in the years 2013–2017
Authors: Kozioł Milena , Nowak Michał S. , Udziela Monika , Piątkiewicz Paweł , Grabska-Liberek Iwona , Szaflik Jacek P. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims
To assess the prevalence and time trends of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the overall population of Poland from 2013 to 2017 and diagnose the risk factors of occurring DR among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods
Data from all levels of healthcare services at public and private institutions recorded in the National Health Fund (NHF) database were evaluated. International Classification of Diseases codes (ICD-9 and ICD-10) and unique NHF codes were used to identify DM type 1 and type 2 patients, DR and treatment procedures including laser photocoagulation, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), anti-VEGF and steroid intravitreal injections.

Results
The overall registered prevalence of DR in the entire population of Poland was 0.81%. The mean prevalence of DR was 20.01% in the population with type 1 DM and 9.70% in the population with type 2 DM. In the study period, women represented 56.36% of all individuals registered with DR and 55.09% of all DM patients. In Poland, only 6.34% of all DM patients with DR received specific treatment with laser photocoagulation of the retina (82.32%), PPV (11.56%), anti-VEGF or steroid injections (5.15% and 0.97%, respectively). Cox regression hazard analysis showed that the risk of DR was associated with DM treatment only by GPs, female sex, coexisting systemic diseases and urban residence in both type 1 and type 2 DM.

Conclusions
A 5-year retrospective analysis reveals the mean prevalence of DR in the population with type 1 and type 2 DM in Poland was rather low.
Atlantic Oscillation indices in meridional distribution
Authors: Osińska Maria , Jędrasik Jan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe goal of this study was to define new oscillation indices of the Atlantic Ocean covering latitudes of both hemispheres, for the period from 1900 until 2014. Indices described sea level atmospheric pressure (SLP) oscillations between neighbouring cells of global atmospheric circulation (northern and southern Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells) and were calculated using two methods: conventional (based on SLP values in selected stations) and extreme values method (counted using maximum or minimum SLP from adequate areas). Twelve time series of new Atlantic Oscillation indices have been obtained—six conventional and six extreme, which have been presented in continuous form and through selection data by seasons: December–February (DJF), and June–August (JJA). The indices’ time series showed similarities in shared maxima and minima moments and long-lasting increasing tendency of five extreme and three conventional indices. There were strong correlations between oscillation indices describing variability in Hadley cells on both hemispheres (conventional 0.593–0.907, extreme 0.088–0.908). A strong correlation occurred between Southern Atlantic and Antarctic South Atlantic Extreme indices (0.668 to 0.979). Overall, stronger connections were found between extreme indices than the conventional ones, and most regularities were found in the Southern Hemisphere oscillations and wintertime indices (DJF for Northern and JJA for Southern Hemisphere). Power spectrum analysis showed major impact of 6- and 12-month periods, as well as less distinct significance of approximately 5.5-year-long interval and its multiples.
Coastal armoring and sinking property values: the case of seawalls in California
Authors: Brucal Arlan , Lynham John 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRising sea levels necessitate careful consideration of different forms of coastal protection but cost-benefit analysis is limited when important non-market social costs have not been measured. Seawalls protect individual properties but can potentially impose negative externalities on neighboring properties via accelerated beach loss. We conduct a hedonic valuation of seawalls in two coastal California counties: San Diego and Santa Cruz. We find no strong evidence to suggest that the presence of a seawall is positively correlated with the value of the home protected. However, we find that seawalls are strongly negatively correlated with the value of neighboring properties in Santa Cruz but not in San Diego county, suggesting that the effect of seawalls depend on certain geographical attributes. Our results are robust to accounting for the public-good nature of locational attributes and the potential spatial dependence of housing prices. Simulation reveals that doubling the extent of seawalls in San Diego and Santa Cruz could reduce property tax revenues by $7 million and $54 million, respectively.
Movement and vocal intonation together evoke social referencing in companion dogs when confronted with a suspicious stranger
Authors: Salamon A. , Száraz J. , Miklósi Á. , Gácsi M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDogs have been claimed to engage in social referencing by responding in a way that corresponded with their owners' reaction in some contexts. We aimed to assess how owners’ actions affect family dogs’ behaviour in two ambiguous lifelike situations. In Experiment 1, two groups were tested; in the suspicious owner (SO) group, owners behaved suspiciously (N = 25), in the reassuring owner (RO) group, owners behaved in a reassuring manner (N = 28) facing a ‘threatening stranger’. The sitting owners provided voice intonation and body posture changes as cues for the dogs when the stranger entered the room. Dogs looked longer at the owners and stayed longer near them in the SO group but their tendency to approach the stranger did not differ between the groups. Although the owners’ behaviours seemed to have relevant effects on dogs’ responses, we note that these looking and proximity seeking behaviours might also be explained by reactions to the owners’ behaviour alone. In Experiment 2, all dogs (N = 19) were tested in both the SO and RO conditions in a slightly different procedure. Depending on the condition, owners took one step forward/backward and spoke happily/worryingly. The procedural differences and the larger distance between the stranger and the owner allowed the dog more time to perceive the behaviour of both the stranger and the owner, which made the distinction between alternative explanations for the dogs’ behaviour easier to interpret. Dogs spent more time behind their owners in the SO condition and more dogs approached the stranger in the RO condition. Dogs’ avoidance of the stranger when the owner behaved suspiciously and their tendency to approach the stranger only when the owner displayed positive emotions, can be best explained by social referencing.
A scaling algorithm for optimizing arbitrary functions over vertices of polytopes
Authors: Chubanov Sergei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper we present a scaling algorithm for minimizing arbitrary functions over vertices of polytopes in an oracle model of computation which includes an augmentation oracle. For the binary case, when the vertices are 0–1 vectors, we show that the oracle time is polynomial. Also, this algorithm allows us to generalize some concepts of combinatorial optimization concerning performance bounds of greedy algorithms and leads to new bounds for the complexity of the simplex method.
Diet-Induced Physiological Responses in the Liver of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Inferred Using Multiplex PCR Platforms
Authors: Caballero-Solares Albert , Xue Xi , Cleveland Beth M. , Foroutani Maryam Beheshti , Parrish Christopher C. , Taylor Richard G. , Rise Matthew L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe simultaneous quantification of several transcripts via multiplex PCR can accelerate research in fish physiological responses to diet and enable the development of superior aquafeeds for farmed fish. We designed two multiplex PCR panels that included assays for 40 biomarker genes representing key aspects of fish physiology (growth, metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation) and 3 normalizer genes. We used both panels to assess the physiological effects of replacing fish meal and fish oil by terrestrial alternatives on Atlantic salmon smolts. In a 14-week trial, we tested three diets based on marine ingredients (MAR), animal by-products and vegetable oil (ABP), and plant protein and vegetable oil (VEG). Dietary treatments affected the expression of genes involved in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism (e.g., srebp1, elovl2), cell redox status (e.g., txna, prdx1b), and inflammation (e.g., pgds, 5loxa). At the multivariate level, gene expression profiles were more divergent between fish fed the marine and terrestrial diets (MAR vs. ABP/VEG) than between the two terrestrial diets (ABP vs. VEG). Liver ARA was inversely related to glucose metabolism (gck)- and growth (igfbp-5b1, htra1b)-related biomarkers and hepatosomatic index. Liver DHA and EPA levels correlated negatively with elovl2, whereas ARA levels correlated positively with fadsd5. Lower hepatic EPA/ARA in ABP-fed fish correlated with the increased expression of biomarkers related to mitochondrial function (fabp3a), oxidative stress (txna, prdx1b), and inflammation (pgds, 5loxa). The analysis of hepatic biomarker gene expression via multiplex PCR revealed potential physiological impacts and nutrient-gene interactions in Atlantic salmon fed lower levels of marine-sourced nutrients.
CHIRPS: Explaining random forest classification
Authors: Hatwell Julian , Gaber Mohamed Medhat , Azad R. Muhammad Atif 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModern machine learning methods typically produce “black box” models that are opaque to interpretation. Yet, their demand has been increasing in theHuman-in-the-Loopprocesses, that is, those processes that require a human agent to verify, approve or reason about the automated decisions before they can be applied. To facilitate this interpretation, we proposeCollection of High Importance Random Path Snippets(CHIRPS); a novel algorithm for explaining random forest classificationper data instance. CHIRPS extracts a decision path from each tree in the forest that contributes to the majority classification, and then uses frequent pattern mining to identify the most commonly occurring split conditions. Then a simple, conjunctive form rule is constructed where the antecedent terms are derived from the attributes that had the most influence on the classification. This rule is returned alongside estimates of the rule’s precision and coverage on the training data along with counter-factual details. An experimental study involving nine data sets shows that classification rules returned by CHIRPS have a precision at least as high as the state of the art when evaluated on unseen data (0.91–0.99) and offer a much greater coverage (0.04–0.54). Furthermore, CHIRPS uniquely controls against under- and over-fitting solutions by maximising novel objective functions that are better suited to the local (per instance) explanation setting.