bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aortic valve-sparing root replacement in patients with bicuspid aortic valve: long-term outcome with the David I procedure over 20 years
Authors: Beckmann Erik , Martens Andreas , Krüger Heike , Korte Wilhelm , Kaufeld Tim , Stettinger Alissa , Haverich Axel , Shrestha Malakh Lal 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Aortic valve-sparing root replacement is an excellent treatment option for patients with intact tricuspid aortic valves. However, the durability in patients with bicuspid aortic valves is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to analyse the short- and long-term outcomes in patients with bicuspid aortic valves.

METHODS
Between July 1993 and October 2015, a total of 582 patients underwent the David I procedure, 50 of whom had a bicuspid aortic valve. In these patients, the mean age was 46 ± 13 years, and 80% (n = 40) were men. Follow-up was complete for 100% of patients and comprised a total of 552 patient-years with a mean follow-up time of 11 ± 5.2 years.

RESULTS
In addition to the David procedure, cusp plication was performed in 34% (n = 17) of patients and commissure repair in 8% (n = 4) of patients. There were no in-hospital deaths, and 1 patient (2%) had a perioperative stroke. The 1-, 5-, 10- and 20-year survival rates of patients after discharge were 98%, 94%, 88% and 84%, respectively. The rates for freedom from valve-related reoperation at 1, 5, 10 and 20 years after initial surgery were 98%, 88%, 79% and 74%, respectively. Long-term freedom from reoperation was comparable to that of patients with tricuspid aortic valves (P = 0.2).

CONCLUSIONS
The David procedure has excellent short-term results in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve. In this study, the long-term durability of reimplanted bicuspid aortic valves was comparable to that of tricuspid valves. However, careful patient selection might have contributed to this, and further studies might be needed to definitely clarify this issue.
Microhabitats are associated with diversity–productivity relationships in freshwater bacterial communities
Authors: Schmidt Marian L , Biddanda Bopaiah A , Weinke Anthony D , Chiang Edna , Januska Fallon , Props Ruben , Denef Vincent J 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Eukaryotic communities commonly display a positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF) but the results have been mixed when assessed in bacterial communities. Habitat heterogeneity, a factor in eukaryotic BEFs, may explain these variable observations but it has not been thoroughly evaluated in bacterial communities. Here, we examined the impact of habitat on the relationship between diversity assessed based on the (phylogenetic) Hill diversity metrics and heterotrophic productivity. We sampled co-occurring free-living (more homogenous) and particle-associated (more heterogeneous) bacterial habitats in a freshwater, estuarine lake over three seasons: spring, summer and fall. There was a strong, positive, linear relationship between particle-associated bacterial richness and heterotrophic productivity that strengthened when considering dominant taxa. There were no observable BEF trends in free-living bacterial communities for any diversity metric. Biodiversity, richness and Inverse Simpson's index, were the best predictors of particle-associated production whereas pH was the best predictor of free-living production. Our findings show that heterotrophic productivity is positively correlated with the effective number of taxa and that BEF relationships are associated with microhabitats. These results add to the understanding of the highly distinct contributions to diversity and functioning contributed by bacteria in free-living and particle-associated habitats.
Process Evaluation of a Combined Lifestyle Intervention for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: ProMuscle in Practice
Authors: van Dongen Ellen J I , Doets Esmée L , de Groot Lisette C P G M , Dorhout Berber G , Haveman-Nies Annemien 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The ProMuscle in Practice intervention combines resistance exercise training and dietary protein intake for community-dwelling older adults, implemented by health care professionals (HCPs). This study aimed to evaluate implementation and context of this intervention in Dutch health care practice.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted a randomized controlled multicenter intervention study in 5 Dutch municipalities. Eighty-two older adults received the 12-week intensive support intervention (resistance exercise training and individual dietary counseling) and the optional 12-week moderate support intervention (resistance exercise training and a nutrition course). Mixed method data were collected from both participants and HCPs (n = 37) on process indicators recruitment, dose received, acceptability, fidelity, applicability, and context.

Results
Overall, the intervention was feasible to implement and accepted by participants and HCPs. About two thirds of participants continued with the moderate support intervention after the first 12 weeks. The mean dose received for the training sessions was 83.6% in the intensive intervention, 63.6% in the moderate intervention, &gt;90% for individual dietitian consultations, and 76.8% for the nutrition course. The intensive support intervention was implemented with high fidelity, whereas for the moderate support intervention resistance exercise trainings varied in implementation between exercise providers.

Discussion and Implications
A combined resistance exercise training and dietary protein intervention for community-dwelling older adults can be successfully implemented in practice. Well-tailored interventions, intensive supervision by skilled HCPs, social aspects, fidelity, and fit within real-world settings appeared essential for successful implementation. These elements are important for continuous intervention optimization to accomplish broader and successful implementation.
Chromosomal-level assembly of Juglans sigillata genome using Nanopore, BioNano, and Hi-C analysis
Authors: Ning De-Lu , Wu Tao , Xiao Liang-Jun , Ma Ting , Fang Wen-Liang , Dong Run-Quan , Cao Fu-Liang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Juglans sigillata, or iron walnut, belonging to the order Juglandales, is an economically important tree species in Asia, especially in the Yunnan province of China. However, little research has been conducted on J. sigillata at the molecular level, which hinders understanding of its evolution, speciation, and synthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as its wide adaptability to its plateau environment. To address these issues, a high-quality reference genome of J. sigillata would be useful.

Findings
To construct a high-quality reference genome for J. sigillata, we first generated 38.0 Gb short reads and 66.31 Gb long reads using Illumina and Nanopore sequencing platforms, respectively. The sequencing data were assembled into a 536.50-Mb genome assembly with a contig N50 length of 4.31 Mb. Additionally, we applied BioNano technology to identify contacts among contigs, which were then used to assemble contigs into scaffolds, resulting in a genome assembly with scaffold N50 length of 16.43 Mb and contig N50 length of 4.34 Mb. To obtain a chromosome-level genome assembly, we constructed 1 Hi-C library and sequenced 79.97 Gb raw reads using the Illumina HiSeq platform. We anchored ~93% of the scaffold sequences into 16 chromosomes and evaluated the quality of our assembly using the high contact frequency heat map. Repetitive elements account for 50.06% of the genome, and 30,387 protein-coding genes were predicted from the genome, of which 99.8% have been functionally annotated. The genome-wide phylogenetic tree indicated an estimated divergence time between J. sigillata and Juglans regia of 49 million years ago on the basis of single-copy orthologous genes.

Conclusions
We provide the first chromosome-level genome for J. sigillata. It will lay a valuable foundation for future research on the genetic improvement of J. sigillata.
Inversion of the reflected SV-wave for density and S-wave velocity structures
Authors: Zhang Feng , Li Xiang-yang 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARY
Density is one of the most essential properties that determines the dynamic behavior of the Earth. Besides, density has been commonly used to investigate the mineral composition, porosity and fluid content of rock. Therefore, a reliable estimation of the density structure is one of the most important objectives in both global seismology and seismic exploration. However, seismic inversions of independent density estimates are ill-posed because density has a large trade-off with velocities. Shear wave propagation is sensitive to both density and the S-wave velocity. We show that the reflected SV-wave (SV-to-SV wave) at an incident angle of 22.5o depends only on density contrast, and at incident angle 30o it depends only on S-wave velocity contrast. Thus, density as well as S-wave velocity can be directly inverted from the reflected SV-wave as separate and independent parameters. The forward modelling has high accuracy, the inverse problem is well-posed and the misfit function can be easily regularized. Field data application demonstrates the proposed method can efficiently recover reliable and high-resolution density and S-wave velocity of fine sturctures. Thus, this method has great potential in geological interpretation including understanding regional Moho structure, crustal and mantle formation and evolution, and rock lithologic composition and fluid-filled porosity.
The invention of tradition: Same-sex marriage and its discontents in Hong Kong
Authors: Wan Marco 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In Leung Chun Kwong v. Secretary for the Civil Service, the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal held that the government unlawfully discriminated against a gay civil servant by refusing to recognize his same-sex marriage—entered into abroad—when considering the granting of local spousal benefits and joint tax assessment. The year before, in QT v. Director of Immigration, the court had ruled against the government for denying the partner of a British lesbian a dependant visa on the basis of her sexual orientation. QT and Leung Chun Kwong are landmarks in the rapidly evolving jurisprudence on same-sex marriage in the territory. This article presents an analysis of the Hong Kong cases relating to gay rights and same-sex marriage. It contends that, even though the need to protect traditional marriage is cited as a reason against marriage equality in many jurisdictions, the claim is particularly problematic in Hong Kong, given the city’s unique marriage history. It draws on the historian Eric Hobsbawm’s notion of “the invention of tradition” to argue that the rhetoric of traditional marriage conjures up an imagined past that displaces a vast and varied set of long-standing marital practices. By exploring government reports and records pertaining to Chinese marriages in colonial Hong Kong, this article then examines these forgotten traditions and demonstrates their significance for understanding the marriage equality debate in the territory in our own time.
Technological revolution, democratic recession, and climate change: The limits of law in a changing world
Authors: Barroso Luís Roberto 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Law is a universal institution that has pretensions of being ubiquitous and complete. However, in a complex, plural and volatile world, its limits and possibilities are shaken by the speed, depth and extent of ongoing transformations, its resulting ethical dilemmas, and the difficulties of forming consensus in the political universe. This article provides a reflection on how the law has attempted to deal with some of the main afflictions of our time, facing demands that include the needs to (i) keep the technological revolution on an ethical and humanitarian track, (ii) avoid democracy being perverted by populist and authoritarian adventures, and (iii) prevent solutions to climate change from coming when it is too late. At a time when even the near future has become unpredictable, the law cannot provide a priori solutions to multiplying problems and anxieties. When this happens, we must set clear goals for the future of humanity, basing them on the essential and perennial values that have followed us since antiquity.
The impact of cardiopulmonary bypass management on outcome: a propensity matched comparison between minimally invasive and conventional valve surgery
Authors: Vandewiele Korneel , De Somer Filip , Vandenheuvel Michael , Philipsen Tine , Bové Thierry 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Research concerning cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) management during minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) is scarce. We investigated the effect of CPB parameters such as pump flow, haemoglobin concentration and oxygen delivery on clinical outcome and renal function in a propensity matched comparison between MICS and median sternotomy (MS) for atrioventricular valve surgery.

METHODS
A total of 356 patients undergoing MICS or MS for atrioventricular valve surgery between 2006 and 2017 were analysed retrospectively. Propensity score analysis matched 90 patients in the MS group with 143 in the MICS group. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate independent predictors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in patients having MICS.

RESULTS
In MICS, CPB (142.9 ± 39.4 vs 101.0 ± 38.3 min; P &lt; 0.001) and aortic cross-clamp duration (89.9 ± 30.6 vs 63.5 ± 23.0 min; P &lt; 0.001) were significantly prolonged although no differences in clinical outcomes were detected. The pump flow index was lower [2.2 ± 0.2 vs 2.4 ± 0.1 l⋅(min⋅m2)−1; P &lt; 0.001] whereas intraoperative haemoglobin levels were higher (9.25 ± 1.1 vs 8.8 ± 1.2; P = 0.004) and the nadir oxygen delivery was lower [260.8 ± 43.5 vs 273.7 ± 43.7 ml⋅(min⋅m2)−1; P = 0.029] during MICS. Regression analysis revealed that the nadir haemoglobin concentration during CPB was the sole independent predictor of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.46–0.96; P = 0.029) in MICS but not in MS.

CONCLUSIONS
Specific cannulation-related issues lead to CPB management during MICS being confronted with flow restrictions because an average pump flow index ≤2.2 l/min/m2 is achieved in 40% of patients who have MICS compared to those who have a conventional MS. This study showed that increasing the haemoglobin level might be helpful to reduce the incidence of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury after minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.
Manuscript Preparation for Submission and Publication
Authors: Iverson Cheryl 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Manuscript Preparation chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style considers each element of a manuscript (with the exception of references and figures, tables, and boxes, which are dealt with in separate chapters): titles and subtitles, author bylines and end-of-text signatures, notes, running heads and running feet, abstracts, key words, epigraphs, headings and subheadings and side headings, addenda, acknowledgments, appendixes, online-only supplementary material, and ancillary educational and promotional material. Guidance is directed to both authors, for manuscript preparation and submission, and editors, for manuscript publication. Requirements of specific journals as well as reporting guidelines such as EQUATOR are taken into account. For some sections, both print and online examples are provided.
References
Authors: Fischer Lauren , Frank Paul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The References chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style contains detailed guidance on what should be included in a reference and how references should be styled and formatted. Sample references to both books and journals, in print and online, include formats for sometimes complex citations that include non-English words and phrases, names of organisms, discontinuous pagination, journals without volume or issue numbers, a special department of a journal, discussants, online comments, special collections, package inserts, patents, conference proceedings, personal communications, material submitted but not yet accepted or published, and transcripts. Many examples of how to cite social media and other electronic resources, including podcasts, apps and interactive games, preprints, databases, and data repositories, are included. New recommendations: a DOI should be included for journal references if available, and it is no longer necessary to include the publisher’s location in references to books.
Tables, Figures, and Multimedia
Authors: Christiansen Stacy , Manno Connie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Tables, Figures, and Multimedia chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style begins with guidance on when to use tables vs figures or tables vs text. Descriptions of various table types (eg, matrix, box, sidebar, and other nontabular material) and examples of each illustrate advice on organization of information, use of footnotes, alignment, titles, column and row headings, and treatment of punctuation, abbreviations, and units of measure. Descriptions of assorted figures (statistical graphs, diagrams, maps, illustrations, and clinical imaging), each with examples, provide advice on scales, axis labels, and error bars, as well as titles and legends. New with this edition is sentence-style capitalization for table column headings and graph axis labels. Consent for identifiable patients is covered, and helpful guidelines for preparing both figures and tables are included. Detailed specifications on acceptable video and audio file formats, optimal video quality, and filming and copyright considerations complete the chapter.
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Authors: Flanagin Annette 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Ethical and Legal Considerations chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style summarizes best practices and cites examples of the determinants of ethical behavior and legal concerns as they relate to scientific publication. Topics covered include authorship responsibility; acknowledgments; duplicate publication; scientific misconduct; conflicts of interest; intellectual property: access, rights, and management; confidentiality; protecting research participants’ and patients’ rights in scientific publication; defamation and libel; editorial freedom and integrity; editorial responsibilities, roles, procedures, and policies; advertisements, advertorials, sponsorship, supplements, reprints, and e-prints; and release of information to the public and journal/author relations with the news media. Several new policies: mandate for a single corresponding author has been relaxed; designations such as co–first authorship or co–senior authorship may be allowed; the ICMJE policy on sharing clinical trial data is now being followed; and a new option is presented for retraction and replacement in cases of pervasive error without evidence of misconduct or invalid science.
Punctuation
Authors: Iverson Cheryl 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Punctuation chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style includes guidance on usage of many punctuation marks, as well as examples to illustrate the style. Included are the period, question mark, and exclamation point; comma, semicolon, and colon; hyphens and dashes; forward slash (virgule); parentheses and brackets; quotation marks; apostrophe; and ellipses. Expanded guidance on punctuation within lists or enumerations has been added, as have several policy changes: no hyphen in email and no period in the reference list after a URL or a DOI if either of these is the final item in the reference.
Nomenclature
Authors: Iverson Cheryl 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Nomenclature chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style attempts to explain not how names for specific entities should be devised (although the sources of such rules are cited whenever possible) but rather which names should be used and how they should be styled. Official systems of nomenclature are not universally observed to the letter (literally or figuratively), but there is an attempt to be consistent with official guidelines. The work of international groups, tradition, and flexibility combine to provide an approach that attempts to balance official systems and actual usage. Guidelines for nomenclature in the following areas are covered: blood groups, platelet antigens, and granulocyte antigens; cancer; cardiology; drugs; equipment, devices, and reagents; genetics; hemostasis; immunology; isotopes; molecular medicine; neurology; obstetrics; ophthalmology; organisms and pathogens; psychiatry; pulmonary, respiratory, and blood gas terminology; and radiology. A preview of a new section on nephrology is also included.
Numbers and Percentages
Authors: Livingston Edward H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Numbers and Percentages chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style tackles the difficult question of when to use numerals and when to use words, and how to combine the two. Many examples are given, including exceptions to the rules. Also addressed are different forms of numbers: fractions, mixed fractions, and decimals; numbers as measures of time, temperature, and currency; percentages and proportions; rates and ratios; and digit spans. Special attention is given to the number one (1), enumerations, and rounding numbers.
Simulation modeling validity and utility in colorectal cancer screening delivery: A systematic review
Authors: Smith Heather , Varshoei Peyman , Boushey Robin , Kuziemsky Craig 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
This study sought to assess the impact and validity of simulation modeling in informing decision making in a complex area of healthcare delivery: colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.

Materials and Methods
We searched 10 electronic databases for English-language articles published between January 1, 2008, and March 1, 2019, that described the development of a simulation model with a focus on average-risk CRC screening delivery. Included articles were reviewed for evidence that the model was validated, and provided real or potential contribution to informed decision making using the GRADE EtD (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Evidence to Decision) framework.

Results
A total of 43 studies met criteria. The majority used Markov modeling (n = 31 [72%]) and sought to determine cost-effectiveness, compare screening modalities, or assess effectiveness of screening. No study reported full model validation and only (58%) reported conducting any validation. Majority of models were developed to address a specific health systems or policy question; few articles report the model’s impact on this decision (n = 39 [91%] vs. n = 5 [12%]). Overall, models provided evidence relevant to every element important to decision makers as outlined in the GRADE EtD framework.

Discussion and Conclusion
Simulation modeling contributes evidence that is considered valuable to decision making in CRC screening delivery, particularly in assessing cost-effectiveness and comparing screening modalities. However, the actual impact on decisions and validity of models is lacking in the literature. Greater validity testing, impact assessment, and standardized reporting of both is needed to understand and demonstrate the reliability and utility of simulation modeling.