bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA sequencing of rat hippocampus and human biofluids identifies acute, chronic, focal and diffuse traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Weisz Harris A. , Kennedy Deborah , Widen Steven , Spratt Heidi , Sell Stacy L. , Bailey Christine , Sheffield-Moore Melinda , DeWitt Douglas S. , Prough Donald S. , Levin Harvey , Robertson Claudia , Hellmich Helen L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHigh-throughput sequencing technologies could improve diagnosis and classification of TBI subgroups. Because recent studies showed that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as noninvasive markers of TBI, we performed miRNA-seq to study TBI-induced changes in rat hippocampal miRNAs up to one year post-injury. We used miRNA PCR arrays to interrogate differences in serum miRNAs using two rat models of TBI (controlled cortical impact [CCI] and fluid percussion injury [FPI]). The translational potential of our results was evaluated by miRNA-seq analysis of human control and TBI (acute and chronic) serum samples. Bioinformatic analyses were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, miRDB, and Qlucore Omics Explorer. Rat miRNA profiles identified TBI across all acute and chronic intervals. Rat CCI and FPI displayed distinct serum miRNA profiles. Human miRNA profiles identified TBI across all acute and chronic time points and, at 24 hours, discriminated between focal and diffuse injuries. In both species, predicted gene targets of differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in neuroplasticity, immune function and neurorestoration. Chronically dysregulated miRNAs (miR-451a, miR-30d-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-204-5p) are linked to psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. These data suggest that circulating miRNAs in biofluids can be used as “molecular fingerprints” to identify acute, chronic, focal or diffuse TBI and potentially, presence of neurodegenerative sequelae.
Utilization of chemically treated cashew-nut shell as potential adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution
Authors: Nuithitikul Kamchai , Phromrak Rapeeporn , Saengngoen Wikanda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, cashew nut shells (CNS), waste from a cashew nut processing factory, have been used as an adsorbent for Pb(II) ions in water. Treatments of CNS with 1 M of H2SO4, HNO3, and NaOH solutions were performed to modify their surfaces and improve their adsorption capacities. Characterization of untreated and chemical-treated CNS was carried out using nitrogen adsorption isotherm, elemental (CHN) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). In the study of Pb(II) removal, various models of adsorption kinetics and isotherms were evaluated against the experimental data. The results showed that H2SO4-treated CNS exhibited the highest adsorption capacity. The chemical treatment removes impurities, alters the surface functional groups and improves specific surface areas and pore volumes of native CNS significantly. Surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion steps were found to substantially affect the overall adsorption process of Pb(II) on H2SO4-treated CNS. Owing to its easy preparation and comparable adsorption capacity, H2SO4-treated CNS has the potential to be developed as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from contaminated water.
Cathode Properties of Na3FePO4CO3 Prepared by the Mechanical Ball Milling Method for Na-ion Batteries
Authors: Xie Baowei , Sakamoto Ryo , Kitajou Ayuko , Nakamoto Kosuke , Zhao Liwei , Okada Shigeto , Fujita Yuki , Oka Nobuto , Nishida Tetsuaki , Kobayashi Wataru , Okada Masaki , Takahara Toshiya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe carbonophosphate Na3FePO4CO3 was synthesized by the mechanical ball milling method for the first time. The composition of the obtained sample with a higher amount of Fe2+ was Na2.66Fe2+0.66Fe3+0.34PO4CO3 as confirmed by Mössbauer analysis, owing to the good airtight properties of this method. The obtained samples in an organic electrolyte delivered an initial discharge capacity of 124 mAh/g at room temperature, and a larger discharge capacity of 159 mAh/g (1.66 Na+/mole) at 60 °C. With 17 m NaClO4 aqueous electrolyte, a discharge capacity of 161 mAh/g (1.69 Na+/mole) was delivered because of the high ionic conductivity of the concentrated aqueous electrolyte. During the charge-discharge process, the formation of Fe4+ after charging up to 4.5 V and the return of Fe2+ after discharging down to 1.5 V were detected by ex-situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis.
A quantum algorithm for evolving open quantum dynamics on quantum computing devices
Authors: Hu Zixuan , Xia Rongxin , Kais Sabre 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDesigning quantum algorithms for simulating quantum systems has seen enormous progress, yet few studies have been done to develop quantum algorithms for open quantum dynamics despite its importance in modeling the system-environment interaction found in most realistic physical models. In this work we propose and demonstrate a general quantum algorithm to evolve open quantum dynamics on quantum computing devices. The Kraus operators governing the time evolution can be converted into unitary matrices with minimal dilation guaranteed by the Sz.-Nagy theorem. This allows the evolution of the initial state through unitary quantum gates, while using significantly less resource than required by the conventional Stinespring dilation. We demonstrate the algorithm on an amplitude damping channel using the IBM Qiskit quantum simulator and the IBM Q 5 Tenerife quantum device. The proposed algorithm does not require particular models of dynamics or decomposition of the quantum channel, and thus can be easily generalized to other open quantum dynamical models.
Splicing profile by capture RNA-seq identifies pathogenic germline variants in tumor suppressor genes
Authors: Landrith Tyler , Li Bing , Cass Ashley A. , Conner Blair R. , LaDuca Holly , McKenna Danielle B. , Maxwell Kara N. , Domchek Susan , Morman Nichole A. , Heinlen Christopher , Wham Deborah , Koptiuch Cathryn , Vagher Jennie , Rivera Ragene , Bunnell Ann , Patel Gayle , Geurts Jennifer L. , Depas Morgan M. , Gaonkar Shraddha , Pirzadeh-Miller Sara , Krukenberg Rebekah , Seidel Meredith , Pilarski Robert , Farmer Meagan , Pyrtel Khateriaa , Milliron Kara , Lee John , Hoodfar Elizabeth , Nathan Deepika , Ganzak Amanda C. , Wu Sitao , Vuong Huy , Xu Dong , Arulmoli Aarani , Parra Melissa , Hoang Lily , Molparia Bhuvan , Fennessy Michele , Fox Susanne , Charpentier Sinead , Burdette Julia , Pesaran Tina , Profato Jessica , Smith Brandon , Haynes Ginger , Dalton Emily , Crandall Joy Rae-Radecki , Baxter Ruth , Lu Hsiao-Mei , Tippin-Davis Brigette , Elliott Aaron , Chao Elizabeth , Karam Rachid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGermline variants in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) can result in RNA mis-splicing and predisposition to cancer. However, identification of variants that impact splicing remains a challenge, contributing to a substantial proportion of patients with suspected hereditary cancer syndromes remaining without a molecular diagnosis. To address this, we used capture RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to generate a splicing profile of 18 TSGs (APC, ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CDH1, CHEK2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, MUTYH, NF1, PALB2, PMS2, PTEN, RAD51C, RAD51D, and TP53) in 345 whole-blood samples from healthy donors. We subsequently demonstrated that this approach can detect mis-splicing by comparing splicing profiles from the control dataset to profiles generated from whole blood of individuals previously identified with pathogenic germline splicing variants in these genes. To assess the utility of our TSG splicing profile to prospectively identify pathogenic splicing variants, we performed concurrent capture DNA and RNA-seq in a cohort of 1000 patients with suspected hereditary cancer syndromes. This approach improved the diagnostic yield in this cohort, resulting in a 9.1% relative increase in the detection of pathogenic variants, demonstrating the utility of performing simultaneous DNA and RNA genetic testing in a clinical context.
In Zukunft werden Spinale Metastasen nur noch in Tumorzentren versorgt: Pro
Authors: Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den vergangenen Jahren beobachten wir einen zunehmenden Anstieg in der Inzidenz metastatischer Absiedlungen in die Wirbelsäule. Dies liegt an der zunehmenden Kontrolle der Primärtumoren durch fortgeschrittene operative und effektivere, adjuvante Therapiemaßnahmen. Mit zunehmendem Erfolg und zunehmender Komplexität der Behandlung onkologischer Primärfälle innerhalb von zertifizierten Tumorzentren erfolgt die Behandlung dieser Patienten zunehmend regionalisiert/zentralisiert. Im Falle von sekundären Absiedlungen in die Wirbelsäule/spinaler Metastasierung steht damit das flächendeckende Angebot wirbelsäulenchirurgischer Institutionen und die zentralisierte Behandlung onkologischer Fälle in Tumorzentren in zunehmendem Widerspruch. Hier werden die Argumente für eine Zentralisierung der chirurgischen Versorgung spinaler Metastasen in Zentren der spinalen Maximalversorung mit Anschluss an onkologische Spitzenzentren zusammengefasst.
Operative Versorgung spinaler Metastasen in Häusern der Regelversorgung
Authors: Liljenqvist Ulf 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie operative Versorgung spinaler Metastasen, in der Regel in Form einer Instrumentation und Dekompression des Spinalkanals und ggfs. eines Tumordebulkings, sind die mit Abstand häufigsten tumorbedingten Eingriffe in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie. Aufgrund des hohen Patientenaufkommens ist daher eine flächendeckende Versorgung der Patienten erforderlich. Bezüglich der Behandlungsqualität sind zentrumsspezifische und operateursspezifische Eingriffshäufigkeit die entscheidenden Kriterien. Entsprechende Kliniken und Operateure sind sowohl in Häusern der Grund- und Regelversorgung als auch in Häusern der Maximalversorgung zu finden.
Zukunft der operativen Therapie degenerativer Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen: Kontra: Die Operationszahl wird zunehmen aufgrund technischer Verbesserungen und Fortschritte
Authors: Siepe Christoph J. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie operative und konservative Behandlung von Rückenbeschwerden stellt eine enorme sozioökonomische Belastung für die Gesellschaft und das Gesundheitssystems dar. Die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre haben eine deutliche Steigerung der operativen Fallzahlen sowie der hiermit verbundenen direkten und indirekten Kosten verzeichnet. Vorhersagen und Prognosen zur zukünftigen Entwicklungen operativer Fallzahlen sind von entsprechender Relevanz. Das vorliegende Manuskript zeigt auf, wie Verbesserung und Weiterentwicklungen im Bereich operativer Techniken über die zunehmenden Möglichkeiten neue Indikationsspektren eröffnen und zu einer entsprechenden Fallzahlsteigerung führen werden. Die Vereinfachung dieser Techniken wird diese darüber hinaus einem breiteren Anwenderkreis zukommen lassen.
Der interdisziplinäre Fortschritte insbesondere in den Feldern der Anästhesie, Onkologie sowie Innere Medizin werden bei einer alternden Bevölkerungsstruktur zusätzlich Eingriffe von älteren und multimorbiden Patienten ermöglichen.Politische Entscheidungen mögen diese Entwicklungen zu einem derzeit nicht absehbaren Maß lenken. Der alleinige und ungehemmte technische Fortschritt allerdings wird über die genannten Mechanismen zu einem weiteren Anstieg der Fallzahlen führen.
Neues zur Diabetesepidemiologie
Authors: Manuwald Ulf , Kapellen Thomas M. , Kiess Wieland , Rothe Ulrike 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Typ-1-Diabetes ist eine der häufigsten endokrinologischen Erkrankungen im Kindesalter. Die Inzidenz ist seit der Wiedervereinigung stark angestiegen. Sie hat sich verdreifacht. Setzt man relativ konstante genetische Faktoren voraus, so ist die stark steigende Inzidenz des Typ-1-Diabetes eng mit der sich in der Wendezeit erheblich ändernden Lebensbedingung sowie sozialen und Umweltfaktoren verbunden. Das vorhandene flächendeckende prospektive Kinder-Diabetes-Register im Freistaat Sachsen spielte dabei die entscheidende Grundlage für die Bestätigung dieser Hypothese.
Erfolgreiche systemische Lysetherapie bei akuten retinalen Arterienverschlüssen
Authors: Raber Florian Philipp , Reinking Katharina , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Althaus Katharina , Kaut Oliver , Witry Max , Lang Gabriele E. 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Retinale arterielle Verschlüsse (RAV) führen bei betroffenen Patienten häufig zu einer dramatischen und irreversiblen Visusreduktion. Bis dato existiert keine evidenzbasierte Standardtherapie. Die systemische Lysetherapie kann nach der Leitlinie zu retinalen arteriellen Verschlüssen der DOG, RG und BVA bis zu einem Zeitfenster von 4 h 30 min angewendet werden.
Methoden Wir berichten über 2 Patienten, bei denen ein RAV im Zeitfenster mit einer intravenösen Lysetherapie behandelt wurde.
Ergebnisse Bei Patient 1 wurde eine systemische Lysetherapie bei einem Verschluss der A. temporalis inferior 4 h 15 min nach Symptombeginn angewendet. Unmittelbar im Anschluss an die Therapie berichtete der Patient von einer deutlichen Symptombesserung. Drei Monate nach der Therapie bestand eine gute retinale Funktion bei dezenter Atrophie der neurosensorischen Netzhaut. Bei Patient 2 kam es 2 h 30 min nach Symptombeginn bei einem Verschluss der A. temporalis inferior zu einer weiteren Verschlechterung des Visus auf Lichtscheinwahrnehmung mit Zeichen eines Zentralarterienverschlusses (ZAV). Eine notfallmäßige Lysetherapie, die 3 h später durchgeführt wurde, ergab eine deutliche Visusbesserung mit Erhalt des Gesichtsfeldes im inferioren Bereich. Bei beiden Patienten kam es unmittelbar im Anschluss an die Lysetherapie zu einer deutlichen Befundbesserung: Patient 1, rechtes Auge: BCVA initial: 0,5; BCVA 3 Tage nach Lysetherapie: 1,0; keine Defekte im Goldmann-Gesichtsfeld. Patient 2, linkes Auge: BCVA initial: 0,4; dann beobachteter Visusabfall auf Lichtscheinwahrnehmung, BCVA 4 Wochen nach Lysetherapie: 0,6.
Schlussfolgerung Zwei Patienten mit akuten arteriellen retinalen Verschlüssen konnten mit einer systemischen Lysetherapie erfolgreich behandelt werden.
Recurrent Blood Pressure Rise after Treatment with Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents
Authors: Wyssmüller Iris , Schaal Karen , Wolf Sebastian , Zinkernagel Martin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background It has previously been shown that the process of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections can lead to a significant increase of blood pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this blood pressure increase was reproducible with repeated anti-VEGF injections.
Patients and Methods Patients with a systolic blood pressure of ≥ 180 mmHg during previous injections who were scheduled for further injections were asked to participate in this study. Systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure was measured before, during, and after the intravitreal injection process.
Results Thirty-nine patients (21 females, 18 males) with a mean age of 75 years (range 34 – 94 years) were included in this extension of the FEAR study. At first, clinical systolic blood pressure rose from an average of 157.3 ± 5.9 mmHg to 175 ± 6.7 mmHg at the time of the injection process (p < 0.01). Diastolic blood pressure rose from an average of 75.72 ± 4.2 mmHg to 84.44 ± 7.3 mmHg (p < 0.13) at the time of the injection process. Overall, the majority of the participants (56%, N = 22) had a systolic blood pressure of ≥ 180 mmHg.
Conclusions Our results show that the blood pressure increase occurs persistently during the injection process in some patients. Repeated episodes of severe hypertension may predispose patients to cardiovascular events, especially those with concomitant cardiovascular risk factors.
Reconfigurable computing: a promising microchip architecture for artificial intelligence
Authors: Wei Shaojun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Today, integrated circuit technology is approaching the physical limit. From performance and energy consumption perspective, reconfigurable computing is regarded as the most promising technology for future computing systems with excellent feature in computing and energy efficiency. From the perspective of computing performance, compared with single thread performance stagnation of general purpose processors (GPPS), reconfigurable computing may customize hardware according to application requirements, so as to achieve higher performance and lower energy consumption. From the perspective of economics, a microchip based on reconfigurable computing technology has post-silicon reconfigurability, which can be applied in different fields, so as to better share the cost of non-recurring engineering (NRE). High computing and energy efficiency together with unique reconfigurability make reconfigurable computing one of the most important technologies of artificial intelligent microchips.
Architecture, challenges and applications of dynamic reconfigurable computing
Authors: Lu Yanan , Liu Leibo , Zhu Jianfeng , Yin Shouyi , Wei Shaojun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs a computing paradigm that combines temporal and spatial computations, dynamic reconfigurable computing provides superiorities of flexibility, energy efficiency and area efficiency, attracting interest from both academia and industry. However, dynamic reconfigurable computing is not yet mature because of several unsolved problems. This work introduces the concept, architecture, and compilation techniques of dynamic reconfigurable computing. It also discusses the existing major challenges and points out its potential applications.
Towards high performance low bitwidth training for deep neural networks
Authors: Su Chunyou , Zhou Sheng , Feng Liang , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The high performance of the state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) is acquired at the cost of huge consumption of computing resources. Quantization of networks is recently recognized as a promising solution to solve the problem and significantly reduce the resource usage. However, the previous quantization works have mostly focused on the DNN inference, and there were very few works to address on the challenges of DNN training. In this paper, we leverage dynamic fixed-point (DFP) quantization algorithm and stochastic rounding (SR) strategy to develop a fully quantized 8-bit neural networks targeting low bitwidth training. The experiments show that, in comparison to the full-precision networks, the accuracy drop of our quantized convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be less than 2%, even when applied to deep models evaluated on ImageNet dataset. Additionally, our 8-bit GNMT translation network can achieve almost identical BLEU to full-precision network. We further implement a prototype on FPGA and the synthesis shows that the low bitwidth training scheme can reduce the resource usage significantly.
Optimizing energy efficiency of CNN-based object detection with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling
Authors: Jiang Weixiong , Yu Heng , Zhang Jiale , Wu Jiaxuan , Luo Shaobo , Ha Yajun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
On the one hand, accelerating convolution neural networks (CNNs) on FPGAs requires ever increasing high energy efficiency in the edge computing paradigm. On the other hand, unlike normal digital algorithms, CNNs maintain their high robustness even with limited timing errors. By taking advantage of this unique feature, we propose to use dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to further optimize the energy efficiency for CNNs. First, we have developed a DVFS framework on FPGAs. Second, we apply the DVFS to SkyNet, a state-of-the-art neural network targeting on object detection. Third, we analyze the impact of DVFS on CNNs in terms of performance, power, energy efficiency and accuracy. Compared to the state-of-the-art, experimental results show that we have achieved 38% improvement in energy efficiency without any loss in accuracy. Results also show that we can achieve 47% improvement in energy efficiency if we allow 0.11% relaxation in accuracy.
Influence of chemical composition and parameters of heat treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of TRIP steels
Authors: Bublíková Dagmar , Jirková Hana , Jeníček Štěpán , Vrtáček Jiří 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Good mechanical properties of steels, in which appropriate heat treatment can produce mixed hardening structures, make them candidates for a broad range of applications, namely in the automotive industry. TRIP steels (in which transformation-induced plasticity operates) with a carbon content of approximately 0.2 % are one of such steels. Heat treatment of these steels comprises two stages. The first involve heating to the intercritical region between the A1 and A3. It is followed by cooling to a bainitic transformation temperature and holding. The resulting mixed microstructure consist of ferrite, bainite and retained austenite. Thanks to the presence of ferrite and retained austenite, the ultimate strength and elongation can reach 1500 MPa and 25-40 %, respectively. The experiments presented in this paper were performed on two steels which chemistries were specially adjusted to support formation of TRIP microstructure. The main difference between them was the level of chromium. Intercritical annealing was carried out on both steels. Aspects of interest included mainly the effect of the cooling rate above the bainitic transformation temperature and the holding time on mechanical properties and final microstructure. The heat treatment led to microstructures ferrite, bainite and retained austenite. The strength was under 1100 MPa and elongation reached 28 %.
Small punch testing of Fe-Al based alloys with Ti and Nb additions
Authors: Dymáček Petr , Dobeš Ferdinand , Jarý Milan , Jirásková Yvonna , Pizúrová Naděžda , Friák Martin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Three Fe-Al-based alloys, a binary with 22 at. % of Al, a ternary with 22 at. % of Al and 7 at. % of Ti and a quaternary with 22 at. % of Al, 4 at. % of Ti and 4 at. % of Nb prepared by arc melting to small button type ingots were studied by small punch test and small punch creep test in order to obtain the high temperature tensile and creep properties. Evaluation of the results shows a significantly improved strength at high temperatures and creep resistance of the ternary and quaternary alloys compared to the binary alloy. The observation of the punched discs fracture surfaces related to the initial microstructure also helps to better understanding of the deformation and fracture behavior of these alloys at high temperatures.
Optimizing Connecting Rod Design Using Fillet Radius Modifications in ANSYS
Authors: Chandan Swet , Singh Abhishek 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper we have investigated a connecting rod design of a 2wheeler,. We have first measured the design parameters of the existing connecting rod and established the material used and cause of failure. We found that surface roughness in the big end is the main area for failure. Then a solid model of the same connecting rod was made using solidworks software. ANSYS software was employed to analyze and examine the effect of stress in different parts of the connecting rod. For the analysis we have started with the existing design parameters and then incrementally changed the fillet radius at big end with keeping the small end dimensions constant and then changing the fillet radius of the small end with keeping the fillet radius of the big end intact. Finally optimum parameters were selected for the modified design for the minimum stress conditions.