bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer patients’ views and understanding of genome sequencing: a qualitative study
Authors: Bartley Nicci , Best Megan , Jacobs Chris , Juraskova Ilona , Newson Ainsley J , Savard Jacqueline , Meiser Bettina , Ballinger Mandy L , Thomas David M , Biesecker Barbara , Butow Phyllis 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundLittle is known about knowledge of, and attitudes towards, genome sequencing (GS) among individuals with a personal history of cancer who decide to undergo GS. This qualitative study aimed to investigate baseline knowledge and attitudes among individuals previously diagnosed with a cancer of likely genetic origin who have consented to GS.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with purposively selected participants (n=20) from the longitudinal Psychosocial Issues in Genomic Oncology study, within a month of consenting to GS and prior to receiving any results. Participants were adults with a cancer of likely genetic aetiology who are undertaking GS as part of a larger genetic study.ResultsAnalysis identified three main themes: limited understanding of genomics; multifactorial motivation; and complex decision making. While motivations such as obtaining health information about self and family appear to be the main drivers for undertaking GS, these motivations are sometimes based on limited knowledge of the accuracy and utility of GS, creating unrealistic expectations. This in turn can prolong the deliberation process and lead to ongoing decisional conflict.ConclusionUnderstanding the degree and nature of patient understanding of GS, as well as their attitudes and decision-making processes, will enable healthcare professionals to better manage patient expectations and appropriately engage and support patients to make an informed decision when pursuing GS.
Targeting the centromedian thalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation
Authors: Warren Aaron E L , Dalic Linda J , Thevathasan Wesley , Roten Annie , Bulluss Kristian J , Archer John 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the centromedian thalamic nucleus (CM) is an emerging treatment for multiple brain diseases, including the drug-resistant epilepsy Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). We aimed to improve neurosurgical targeting of the CM by: (1) developing a structural MRI approach for CM visualisation, (2) identifying the CM’s neurophysiological characteristics using microelectrode recordings (MERs) and (3) mapping connectivity from CM-DBS sites using functional MRI (fMRI).Methods19 patients with LGS (mean age=28 years) underwent presurgical 3T MRI using magnetisation-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient-echoes (MP2RAGE) and fMRI sequences; 16 patients proceeded to bilateral CM-DBS implantation and intraoperative thalamic MERs. CM visualisation was achieved by highlighting intrathalamic borders on MP2RAGE using Sobel edge detection. Mixed-effects analysis compared two MER features (spike firing rate and background noise) between ventrolateral, CM and parafasicular nuclei. Resting-state fMRI connectivity was assessed using implanted CM-DBS electrode positions as regions of interest.ResultsThe CM appeared as a hyperintense region bordering the comparatively hypointense pulvinar, mediodorsal and parafasicular nuclei. At the group level, reduced spike firing and background noise distinguished CM from the ventrolateral nucleus; however, these trends were not found in 20%–25% of individual MER trajectories. Areas of fMRI connectivity included basal ganglia, brainstem, cerebellum, sensorimotor/premotor and limbic cortex.ConclusionsIn the largest clinical trial of DBS undertaken in patients with LGS to date, we show that accurate targeting of the CM is achievable using 3T MP2RAGE MRI. Intraoperative MERs may provide additional localising features in some cases; however, their utility is limited by interpatient variability. Therapeutic effects of CM-DBS may be mediated via connectivity with brain networks that support diverse arousal, cognitive and sensorimotor processes.
Psychosocial work stressors and risk of mortality in Australia: analysis of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey
Authors: Taouk Yamna , LaMontagne Anthony D , Spittal Matthew J , Milner Allison 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the association between exposures to psychosocial work stressors and mortality in a nationally representative Australian working population sample.Methods18 000 participants from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey with self-reported job demands, job control, job security and fair pay psychosocial work stressors exposures at baseline were followed for up to 15 waves. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between psychosocial work stressors and mortality. Models were serially adjusted for each subgroup of demographic, socioeconomic, health and behavioural risk factors.ResultsLow job control was associated with a 39% increase in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.85), controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, health and behavioural factors. A decreased risk of mortality was observed for workers with exposure to high job demands (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.96, adjusted for gender and calendar), but the risk was attenuated after serially adjusting for socioeconomic status, health (HR=0.84; 95% CI 0.65 to 1.08) and behavioural (HR=0.79; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.04) factors. There did not appear to be an association between exposure to job insecurity (HR 1.03; 95% CI 0.79 to 1.33) and mortality, or unfair pay and mortality (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.80 to 1.34).ConclusionsLow job control may be associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Policy and practice interventions that reduce the adverse impact of low job control in stressful work environments could be considered to improve health and decrease risk of mortality.
Lane-based vehicular speed characteristics analysis for freeway work zones using aerial videos
Authors: Wang Zhongyu , He Wenya , Zhang Xi , Wang Yanli , Wu Bing , Wang Yinhai 
Published: January 2020

Work zones which are usually referred to as traffic bottlenecks or critical points may lead to reductions in both operational performance and safety. Researchers have conducted extensive studies on speed characteristics in freeway work zones. However, most of these studies are based on simulation data or are travel direction-based rather than lane-based. By utilizing the video recording capability of drones, this paper aims to provide methodologies and the workflow in exploring the vehicular speed characteristics in freeway work zones with considerations for lane and location deviations. A four-to-three lane work zone on Huhang Expressway between Downtown Shanghai and Songjiang in China was selected for data collection. Then free flow speed variation pattern is analyzed, a speed prediction model is proposed, and the speed–flow relationship is investigated on each lane at nine virtual sections along the work zone. It is found that the merging area affects the speeds mainly in the segment from 200 m upstream of the taper to the start of the activity area, which is the most important risk area in the work zone, and the speed characteristics depend on vehicle types (trucks versus automobiles) as well as lane locations. It is also showed that drones are valuable and effective tools for data collection for vehicular speed characteristics analysis in freeway work zones and it is easy to extract the information needed.
Search for proton emission of the isomeric $$\mathbf {10^+}$$ state in $$\mathbf {^{54}}$$Ni
Authors: Stahl K. , Wendt A. , Reiter P. , Rudolph D. , Blazhev A. , Bruyneel B. , Eberth J. , Fahlander C. , Fransen C. , Golubev P. , Hess H. , Hoischen R. , Holler A. , Kalkühler M. , Kotthaus T. , Lersch D. , Pascovici G. , Seidlitz M. , Siebeck B. , Taprogge J. , Warr N. , Wiens A. , Zell O. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeveral experiments were conducted at the 10 MV Van-de-Graaff tandem accelerator at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cologne, to detect proton emission from the isomeric 6457-keV $$10^+$$10+ state in $$^{54}\hbox {Ni}$$54Ni. Excitation functions for two fusion–evaporation reactions were measured to maximise the population of the rare two-neutron evaporation channel from a $$^{56}\hbox {Ni}$$56Ni compound nucleus. The search for delayed proton emission was based on the $$^{28}\hbox {Si}$$28Si($$^{28}\hbox {Si},2n$$28Si,2n)$$^{54}\hbox {Ni}$$54Ni reaction at a beam energy of 70 MeV. For this reaction, a cross-section limit for the population of the $$10^+$$10+ state in $$^{54}\hbox {Ni}$$54Ni and its proton-decay branch was determined to be $$\sigma < 22$$σ<22 nb.
Temporal Occurrence of Arrhythmic Complications After Alcohol Septal Ablation
Authors: El-Sabawi Bassim , Nishimura Rick A. , Barsness Gregory W. , Cha Yong-Mei , Geske Jeffrey B. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The temporal occurrence of arrhythmic complications after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is unclear. As a result, the appropriate time to monitor patients after ASA is controversial. The purpose of this study is to determine the temporal occurrence of complete heart block (CHB) and ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) after ASA to better understand when patients can be safely discharged.

Methods:
Consecutive patients treated with ASA for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from 2003 to 2019 at a tertiary referral center were reviewed retrospectively. The incidence and timing of CHB or sustained VT within 30 days post-ASA were assessed.

Results:
A total of 243 patients were included in this study. Mean maximal septal thickness was 19.0±3.9 mm, and total volume of ethanol injected was 1.7±0.6 mL. CHB occurred in 59 (24.3%) patients, including transient CHB in 33 (13.6%) and permanent in 26 (10.7%). The initial episode of CHB occurred within 24 hours post-ASA in 51 (21.0%) patients, between 24 and 48 hours in 3 (1.2%), between 48 and 72 hours in 3 (1.2%), and after 72 hours in 2 (0.8%). New permanent pacemaker was placed in 46 (18.3%). Presence of baseline bundle branch block and age ≥70 were significantly associated with CHB but not CHB presenting after 24 hours. VT occurred in 3 (1.2%) patients, including 1 (0.4%) within 24 hours, 1 (0.4%) between 24 and 48 hours, and 1 (0.4%) after 72 hours. VT required cardioversion in 2 patients and new implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in 2.

Conclusions:
The incidence of CHB or VT presenting after 72 hours post-ASA was low. These findings suggest that timely discharge of patients without evidence of early conduction disturbances after ASA can be considered as a potentially safe management strategy, especially in patients without preexisting conduction abnormalities.
Early Systolic Lengthening in Patients With ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Novel Predictor of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Brainin Philip , Haahr‐Pedersen Sune , Olsen Flemming Javier , Holm Anna Engell , Fritz‐Hansen Thomas , Jespersen Thomas , Gislason Gunnar , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: January 2020

Background

Early systolic lengthening (
ESL
) may occur in ischemic myocardial segments with reduced contractile force. We sought to evaluate the prognostic potential of
ESL
in patients with
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and Results

We prospectively enrolled 373 patients with
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. All patients underwent a speckle tracking echocardiographic examination a median of 2 days (interquartile range, 1–3 days) after the percutaneous coronary intervention. We assessed a novel viability index, the
ESL
index, defined as follows: [−100×(peak positive systolic strain/peak negative strain in cardiac cycle)]. We also calculated
ESL
duration, defined as time from onset of
QRS
complex on the ECG to time of peak positive systolic strain. Both parameters were averaged from 18 myocardial segments. During a median follow‐up of 5.3 years (interquartile range, 2.5–6.0 years), 145 (39%) experienced major adverse cardiovascular events, a composite of incident heart failure, new myocardial infarction, and all‐cause mortality. The
ESL
index and
ESL
duration were significantly increased in culprit lesion areas (6.7±6.2% versus 5.0±4.1% and 43±33 ms versus 33±24 ms, respectively;
P
<0.001 for both). In Cox proportional hazard models, the
ESL
index (hazard ratio, 1.27 per 1% increase; 95%
CI
, 1.13–1.43;
P
<0.001) and
ESL
duration (hazard ratio, 1.49 per 1‐ms increase; 95%
CI
, 1.15–1.92;
P
=0.002) yielded prognostic information on major adverse cardiovascular events. Both associations remained significant after adjusting for clinical, echocardiographic, and invasive confounders.

Conclusions

Assessment of
ESL
after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction yields independent and significant prognostic information on the future risk of cardiovascular events.
Inhibition of SREBP Improves Cardiac Lipidopathy, Improves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Modulates Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ayyappan Janeesh Plakkal , Lizardo Kezia , Wang Sean , Yurkow Edward , Nagajyothi Jyothi F. 
Published: January 2020

Background

Trypanosoma cruzi
is an intracellular parasite that causes debilitating chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (
CCM
), for which there is no effective drug or vaccine. Previously, we demonstrated increased cardiac lipid accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice with
CCM
. Increased endoplasmic reticulum stress may lead to uncontrolled
SREBP
(sterol regulatory element‐binding protein) activation and lipotoxicity in the myocardium during the intermediate stage of infection and result in progression to chronic
CCM
. Therefore, we investigated whether inhibiting
SREBP
activation modulates
CCM
progression in
T cruzi
–infected mice.

Methods and Results

T cruzi
–infected cultured cardiomyocytes (3:1 multiplicity of infection; 24 hours postinfection) were incubated with betulin (3 μmol/L per mL), an
SREBP
inhibitor, for 24 hours. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analyses demonstrated a significant reduction in
SREBP
activation, lipid biosynthesis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in betulin‐treated infected cells compared with untreated cells.
T cruzi
infected (10
3
trypomastigotes of the Brazil strain) Swiss mice were fed a customized diet containing betulin during the intermediate stage (40 days postinfection) until the chronic stage (120
DPI
). Cardiac ultrasound imaging and histological and biochemical analyses demonstrated anatomical and functional improvements in betulin‐treated, infected mice compared with untreated controls: we observed a significant reduction in cholesterol/fatty acid synthesis that may result in the observed cardiac reduction in cardiac lipid accumulation, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ventricular enlargement.

Conclusions

Our study (in vitro and vivo) demonstrates that inhibition of cardiac
SREBP
activation reduces cardiac damage during
T cruzi
infection and modulates
CCM
in a murine Chagas model.
Maternal Race/Ethnicity, Hypertension, and Risk for Stroke During Delivery Admission
Authors: Miller Eliza C. , Zambrano Espinoza Maria Daniela , Huang Yongmei , Friedman Alexander M. , Boehme Amelia K. , Bello Natalie A. , Cleary Kirsten L. , Wright Jason D. , D'Alton Mary E. 
Published: January 2020

Background
Racial disparities contribute to maternal morbidity in the United States. Hypertension is associated with poor maternal outcomes, including stroke. Disparities in hypertension might contribute to maternal strokes.

Methods and Results

Using billing data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample, we analyzed the effect of race/ethnicity on stroke during delivery admission in women aged 18 to 54 years delivering in
US
hospitals from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2014. We categorized hypertension as normotensive, chronic hypertension, or pregnancy‐induced hypertension. Adjusted risk ratios (
aRRs
) and 95%
CI
s were calculated using log‐linear Poisson regression models, testing for interactions between race/ethnicity and hypertensive status. A total of 65 286 425 women were admitted for delivery during the study period, of whom 7764 were diagnosed with a stroke (11.9 per 100 000 deliveries). Hypertension modified the effect of race/ethnicity (
P
<0.0001 for interaction). Among women with pregnancy‐induced hypertension, black and Hispanic women had higher stroke risk compared with non‐Hispanic whites (blacks:
aRR,
2.07; 95%
CI
, 1.86–2.30; Hispanics:
aRR,
2.19; 95%
CI
, 1.98–2.43). Among women with chronic hypertension, all minority women had higher stroke risk (blacks:
aRR
, 1.71; 95%
CI
, 1.30–2.26; Hispanics:
aRR
, 1.75; 95%
CI
, 2.32–5.63; Asian/Pacific Islanders:
aRR
, 3.62; 95%
CI
, 2.32–5.63). Among normotensive women, only blacks had increased stroke risk (
aRR
, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07–1.28).

Conclusions

Pregnant
US
women from minority groups had higher stroke risk during delivery admissions, compared with non‐Hispanic whites. The effect of race/ethnicity was larger in women with chronic hypertension or pregnancy‐induced hypertension. Targeting blood pressure management in pregnancy may help reduce maternal stroke risk in minority populations.
Nomogram to Predict Mortality of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke Despite Successful Recanalization
Authors: Zhang Xiaohao , Yuan Kang , Wang Huaiming , Gong Pengyu , Jiang Teng , Xie Yi , Sheng Lei , Liu Dezhi , Liu Xinfeng , Xu Gelin 
Published: January 2020

Background
The trajectory of ischemic stroke patients attributable to large vessel occlusion is fundamentally altered by endovascular thrombectomy. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting 3‐month mortality risk in patients with ischemic stroke attributed to artery occlusion in anterior circulation who received successful endovascular thrombectomy treatment.

Methods and Results
Patients with successful endovascular thrombectomy (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction IIb or III) were enrolled from a multicenter registry as the training cohort. Step‐wise logistic regression with Akaike information criterion was utilized to establish the best‐fit nomogram. The discriminative value of the nomogram was tested by concordance index. An additional 224 patients from 2 comprehensive stroke centers were prospectively recruited as the test cohort for validating the new nomogram. Altogether, 417 patients were enrolled in the training cohort. Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03−1.10), poor pretreatment collateral status (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.18−3.85), baseline blood glucose level (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04−1.21), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR, 9.51; 95% CI, 4.54−19.92), and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03−1.12) were associated with mortality and were incorporated in the nomogram. The c‐index of the nomogram was 0.835 (95% CI, 0.785–0.885) in the training cohort and 0.758 (95% CI, 0.667–0.849) in the test cohort.

Conclusions
The nomogram, composed of age, pretreatment collateral status, baseline blood glucose level, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, may predict risk of mortality in patients with ischemic stroke and treated successfully with endovascular thrombectomy.
Chinese Companion Animal Caretakers’ Attachment Influences their Attribution of Emotions to their Animals
Authors: Su Bingtao , Martens Pim 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is well-documented that in developed countries, companion animal caretakers often show strong attachments to their animals. However, very little research has incorporated caretakers’ attachment to companion animals in developing countries such as China. This research analyzed the correlation between the attachment level of Chinese dog and cat caretakers and their attribution of emotions to their animals. The results indicated a trend that respondents frequently attributed primary emotions to companion animals rather than secondary emotions. Respondents who had frequent and multiple interactions with their companion animals scored higher on the Pet Bonding Scale (PBS). The degree of attachment significantly influenced caretakers’ (particularly female caretakers’) attribution of responsive emotions to companion animals. This study is one of the first to investigate the role of attachment in emotion attribution in an under-researched population and can therefore act as a baseline for follow-up research.
Wer schreibt Geschichte? Ein kulturelles Trauma und seine Träger im Jeremiabuch
Authors: Maier Christl M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In a chorus of voices, the book of Jeremiah commemorates Jerusalem’s destruction by the Babylonians as an event that generated traumatic responses. Jer 40-44 narrates the story of the Judean survivors who flee to Egypt after the murder of the Babylonian governor Gedaliah. This article uses the theory of “cultural trauma”, defined by an international group of sociologists around Jeffrey C. Alexander, as a heuristic tool for analyzing Jer 40-44, especially the description of perpetrators and victims, and the conflicting interpretations of history. It aims at demonstrating why and in what way the perspective of the Babylonian golah prevails in the book of Jeremiah, which as a whole presents a master narrative about Judah’s cultural trauma.
New records and a revision of the actual and potential distribution of Discoglossus montalentii to facilitate future conservation assessments
Authors: Beukema Wouter , Bruni Giacomo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Corsican Painted Frog Discoglossus montalentii has received little research attention since its discovery, which creates uncertainty about its distribution and conservation status. We here use a combination of field surveys, ecological niche modelling (ENM) and niche overlap analyses to (i) update the D. montalentii distribution; (ii) determine its potential range, and (iii) assess if presence of Discoglossus sardus influences that of D. montalentii. Our surveys reveal presence of D. montalentii at low and mid-altitudes throughout Cap Corse and near the north-western coast, while ENMs suggest that similar climatically and topographically suitable habitats occur beyond the confirmed range in northern- and westernmost Corsica. No evidence for competitive exclusion by D. sardus was found, with both species displaying broad niche overlap at macroscale. Whether potential differences between these species do exist at microhabitat level remains worth exploring. We finally review the conservation status of D. montalentii, and assemble practical knowledge to inform future conservation assessments.
Educational Mismatch and Skill Mismatch in the Youth Labor Market: Panel Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Park Kihong , Arce Jesus Hernandez 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Most prior research on labor market mismatch was constrained by the unavailability of data on skill mismatch and also the absence of panel data which would provide controls for unmeasured heterogeneity. This paper makes use of the panel element of Korea Labor & Income Panel Survey (KLIPS) data and identifies the wage effects of educational mismatch and skill mismatch both separately and jointly. It clearly shows that only a small proportion of the wage effect of educational mismatch is accounted for by skill mismatch, suggesting a relatively weak relation between educational mismatch and skill mismatch. In the analysis appropriate panel methodology produces much weaker estimates of the relevant coefficients than the pooled OLS model. This result indicates that unobserved individual-specific characteristics play a substantial role in the way in which mismatch effects are determined.