bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of thyroid dysfunction in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease exposed to iodinated contrast media – a long-term observational study
Authors: Kubicki Rouven , Grohmann Jochen , Kunz Klaus-Georg , Stiller Brigitte , Schwab Karl Otfried , van der Werf-Grohmann Natascha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The thyroid gland of patients with congenital heart disease may be exposed to large doses of iodine from various sources. We assessed the thyroid response after iodine exposure during conventional angiography in cardiac catheterization and angiographic computer tomography in childhood.

Methods
Retrospective mid- to long-term follow-up of 104 individuals (24% neonates, 51% infants, 25% children) with a median age and body weight of 104 days [0–8 years] and 5.3 kg [1.6–20]. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodthyronine and free thyroxine were evaluated at baseline and after excess iodine. We also assessed risk factors that may affect thyroid dysfunction.

Results
Baseline thyroidal levels were within normal range in all patients. The mean cumulative iodinate contrast load was 6.6 ± 1.6 mL/kg. In fact, 75% had experienced more than one event involving iodine exposure, whose median frequency was three times per patient [1–12]. During the median three years follow-up period [0.5–10], the incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 15.4% (n=16). Those patients developed acquired hypothyroidism (transient n=14, long-lasting n=2 [both died]) with 10 of them requiring temporary replacement therapy for transient thyroid dysfunction, while four patients recovered spontaneously. 88 individuals (84.6%) remained euthyroid. Repeated cardiac interventions, use of drugs that interfere with the thyroid and treatment in the intensive care unit at the index date were strong predictors for acquired thyroid dysfunction.

Conclusions
The incidence of acquired hypothyroidism after iodine excess was 15.4%. However, most patients developed only transient hypothyroidism. Systemic iodine exposure seems to be clinically and metabolically well tolerated during long-term follow-up.
Methods of detection and prevention of preterm labour and the PAMG-1 detection test: a review
Authors: Dochez Vincent , Ducarme Guillaume , Gueudry Pauline , Joueidi Yolaine , Boivin Marion , Boussamet Louise , Pelerin Hélène , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Lamoureux Zeineb , Riche Valéry-Pierre , Winer Norbert , Thubert Thibault , Marie Emilie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesPreterm labour is the leading cause of hospitalization during pregnancy. In France, it results in more than 60,000 births before 37 weeks of gestation every year. Recent studies suggest that detection of placental α-microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) in vaginal secretions among women presenting symptoms of preterm labour with intact membranes has good predictive value for the onset of spontaneous preterm delivery within 7 days. The test is especially interesting, in that the repetition of antenatal corticosteroids for foetal lung maturation is no longer recommended in France and the effect of the initial administration is most beneficial in the 24 h to 7 days afterwards.MethodsWe included all studies listed in PubMed andclinicaltrials.govwith the terms “PAMG-1” and either “preterm labor” or “preterm labour”, while excluding all studies on the subject of “rupture of the membranes” from 2000 through 2017. Ten studies were thus included.ResultsIn women who had both the PAMG-1 and foetal fibronectin test, the PAMG-1 test was statistically superior to the measurement of cervical length for positive predictive value (p<0.0074), negative predictive value (p=0.0169) and specificity (p<0.001) for the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery within 7 days.ConclusionsThe use of PAMG-1 may make it possible to target the women at risk with a shortened cervix on ultrasound (<25 mm) those with an imminent preterm delivery and therefore to adapt management, especially the administration of antenatal corticosteroid therapy.
Implementing de-biased estimators using mixed sequences
Authors: Polala Arun Kumar , Ökten Giray 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We describe an implementation of the de-biased estimator using mixed sequences; these are sequences obtained from pseudorandom and low-discrepancy sequences.
We use this implementation to numerically solve some stochastic differential equations from computational finance.
The mixed sequences, when combined with Brownian bridge or principal component analysis constructions, offer convergence rates significantly better than the Monte Carlo implementation.
The crystal structure of oxonium hexaquaaluminium disulfate hexahydrate
Authors: Liu Yan , Hao Min , Gao Jianfeng , Liu Jianghui , Cui Juan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
AlH27S2O21, cubic, Pa3̄ (no. 205), a = 12.2403(14) Å, V = 1833.9(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0507, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1458, T = 298 K.
Crystal structure of phenarsazine chloride dimethylsulfoxide solvate, C14H15AsClNOS
Authors: Averdunk Arthur , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
C14H15AsClNOS, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 5.2852(2) Å, b = 13.3035(6) Å, c = 10.7522(5) Å, β = 90.130(2) Å, V = 756.00(6) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0200, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0503, T = 200(2) K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 2-azido-N-phenylacetamide, C8H8N4O
Authors: Guerrab Walid , Missioui Mohcine , Zaoui Younes , Mague Joel T. , Ramli Youssef 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
C8H8N4O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.8085(13) Å, b = 16.533(4) Å, c = 18.171(4) Å, V = 1745.0(7) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0399, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1078, T = 296(2) K.
Growing Resistance to Systems of Oppression: An Exploration of the Transformative Power of Urban Agriculture
Authors: Noll Samantha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractToday the relationship between food and cities is revitalizing urban areas, as food production practices transform locales one block and one neighborhood at a time. The key catalysts of this transformation include the commitment to address the root causes of inequalities within food systems and the desire to increase local control over food systems that have been increasingly industrialized and globalized. These goals, encapsulated by the terms “food justice” and “food sovereignty,” play major roles in guiding local food initiatives in cities today. This study explores how justice-oriented urban agriculture projects transform city contexts in ways that reduce regulatory barriers – barriers that, when left in place, could perpetuate systems of oppression. The study ends with the argument that, by removing regulatory barriers, urban agriculture projects are transforming cityscapes in ways that cultivate justice at the system level.
Variation of lead isotopic composition and atomic weight in terrestrial materials (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Zhu Xiang-Kun , Benefield Jacqueline , Coplen Tyler B. , Gao Zhaofu , Holden Norman E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The isotopic composition and atomic weight of lead are variable in terrestrial materials because its three heaviest stable isotopes are stable end-products of the radioactive decay of uranium (238U to 206Pb; 235U to 207Pb) and thorium (232Th to 208Pb). The lightest stable isotope, 204Pb, is primordial. These variations in isotope ratios and atomic weights provide useful information in many areas of science, including geochronology, archaeology, environmental studies, and forensic science. While elemental lead can serve as an abundant and homogeneous isotopic reference, deviations from the isotope ratios in other lead occurrences limit the accuracy with which a standard atomic weight can be given for lead. In a comprehensive review of several hundred publications and analyses of more than 8000 samples, published isotope data indicate that the lowest reported lead atomic weight of a normal terrestrial materials is 206.1462 ± 0.0028 (k = 2), determined for a growth of the phosphate mineral monazite around a garnet relic from an Archean high-grade metamorphic terrain in north-western Scotland, which contains mostly 206Pb and almost no 204Pb. The highest published lead atomic weight is 207.9351 ± 0.0005 (k = 2) for monazite from a micro-inclusion in a garnet relic, also from a high-grade metamorphic terrain in north-western Scotland, which contains almost pure radiogenic 208Pb. When expressed as an interval, the lead atomic weight is [206.14, 207.94]. It is proposed that a value of 207.2 be adopted for the single lead atomic-weight value for education, commerce, and industry, corresponding to previously published conventional atomic-weight values.
Definitions and notations relating to tactic polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)
Authors: Fellows Christopher M. , Hellwich Karl-Heinz , Meille Stefano V. , Moad Graeme , Nakano Tamaki , Vert Michel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This document summarizes and extends definitions and notations for the description of tactic polymers and the diad structures of which they are composed. It formally recognizes and resolves apparent inconsistencies between terminology used in the polymer field to describe tactic polymers and terminology in more common use in organic chemistry. Specifically, the terms m and r diads are recommended to replace the terms meso and racemo diads. The definitions are also updated from those in the existing Stereochemistry Document to use the term ‘stereogenic centre’, rather than ‘chiral or prochiral atoms’. Further, the terms relating to tacticity have been defined for the constituent macromolecules, rather than for the polymers composed of those macromolecules. Therefore, this document also forms an addendum and corrigendum to the 1981 document, ‘Stereochemical definitions and notations relating to polymers’.
Re charged emblems: Hawthorne and semiotic metamorphics
Authors: Splendora Anthony 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIlluminating innovatively the dialectic by which “sign” is induced “to signify” requires an analysis of the inferrer-entailed symbolics constituting “signified,” a process particularly observable during relative, purposeful re-signification, particularly at high-visibility sites. Because Nathaniel Hawthorne focused intently his romantic-dramaticoeuvreon cynosural women, because of his affinity for allegorical signification, and especially for his tangibility to feminist themes and axiologies of virtue transcending even the highly reformist nineteenth century, he is here chosen an interpretation-open “carrier wave” for that research. Climactically and consonant thematically, also instructive is Umberto Eco’s unnamed, eponymous “Rose” for being an antiphrastic sign with a truth of its own signifying at least (like Hawthorne’s Puritan-oblique Hester Prynne) divergence from male/hieratic hermeneutics; at most (like Apuleius’s metaphysical Psyche, Hawthorne’s lodestar) ineffable, philosophical Good. As if to the generating premise, Eco wrote inThe Name of the Rose, “Without an eye to read them[,] signs produce no concepts”; socially consequential signification-conditioned transformation, in that eye and toward those signifieds, symptomatic both historical and rhetorical, is here assayed.
Mirativity as Expressive Meaning: The Case ofadiós
Authors: Escalona Torres Juan M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe study of mirativity as a semantic-pragmatic concept is the study of the status or expectation of knowledge (DeLancey 2012; Sánchez López 2017). In Spanish, mirativity is expressed by the use of strategies such as intonation, exclamatory sentences, focus fronting, and the use of mirative particles. This paper examines the mirative particleadiós(lit. ‘to god’) in Puerto Rican Spanish. I divide the paper into two parts: first, I examine the structural distribution ofadiósand its various mirative values (cf. Aikhenvald 2012); second, I look into several properties ofadiósthat are characteristic of expressive meaning rather than truth-conditional meaning (cf. Potts 2007). The essential function ofadiósis to signal that a proposition-at-hand is new and unexpected information to the speaker. As derived from this mirative value,adiósimplicates a speaker-oriented perspective and the speaker’s concomitant surprise. Aside from its mirative role in the sentence,adiósdoes not alter the truth-value of the sentence. For this reason, the function of Spanish mirative particles is best captured within an expressive account of meaning. As I illustrate in the analysis, the use ofadiós, and other mirative particles alike, is consistent with Potts’ (2007) characteristics of expressive content: independence, non-displaceability, descriptive ineffability, and repeatability.
Kompetenz und/oder Charisma – Voraussetzung für Qualität in Spiritual Care und Seelsorge?
Authors: Merkens Martin 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Es gibt Ansätze zur quantitativen Erfassung von Kompetenzen, die für eine Tätigkeit in Spiritual Care oder Seelsorge erforderlich sind. Allerdings zeigt ein genauerer Blick auf Bedeutungsgehalt und Verwendung des Begriffs Kompetenz, dass Kompetenzen eben nicht uneingeschränkt erfass- und beschreibbar sind. Im Artikel wird darauf verwiesen, dass eine Weitung des Kompetenzbegriffs durch eine Verbindung mit dem Charismenbegriff hilfreich sein kann, aber auch nach zusätzlichen, qualitativen Forschungsmethoden fragt. Aus solchen Untersuchungen ergeben sich Impulse für die Vermittlung von Kompetenzen und die Förderung von Charismen in der Qualifizierung und Begleitung Seelsorglicher Begleiter/-innen, die auch für die Aus- und Fortbildung Hauptamtlicher in der Seelsorge wie Angehöriger der Gesundheitsberufe im Hinblick auf Spiritual Care Bedeutung haben können.
Where do demonstratives come from?
Authors: Heine Bernd , Kuteva Tania , Long Haiping , Narrog Heiko , Wu Fang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStudies in grammaticalization have established that processes of grammatical change frequently have lexical items as their source, and more specifically nouns and verbs. But there is at least one potential exception: As argued by Holger Diessel in a number of publications, demonstratives cannot be historically derived from other entities, such as lexical items. Based on a survey of languages from different parts of the world and belonging to different language families, the present paper argues that this generalization is in need of reconsideration.
Cutting force based surface integrity soft-sensor when hard machining AISI 4140
Authors: Meurer Markus , Tekkaya Berk , Augspurger Thorsten , Pullen Thomas , Schraknepper Daniel , Bergs Thomas , Münstermann Sebastian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWorkpiece rim zone modifications during hard machining can be explained with the high thermo-mechanical loads induced by the cutting process. The formation of White Layers with a fine-grained microstructure by dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is one of those surface modifications that can negatively affect the functionality of a machined part by changing the residual stress state and facilitating crack initiation. As a consequence, the fatigue life of the machined parts is reduced. It is therefore of great interest to understand the thermo-mechanical conditions which induce White Layers formation in order to be able to control them by in-situ measurements if necessary. For this purpose, a cutting force based Soft-Sensor is developed in this study which enables the in-process estimation of White Layer thickness. Therefore, a cutting force based analytical model is used to estimate the resulting temperature fields and correlated with validated numerical chip formation simulations. In addition, the predictions of the White Layer thickness of the analytical model are then compared using light microscopy and the results of the numerical finite element model, in which a DRX model is additionally implemented.
Crystal structure of the synthetic analogue of iwateite, Na2BaMn(PO4)2: an X-ray powder diffraction and Raman study
Authors: Nénert Gwilherm , Murshed M. Mangir , Ben Hamed Teycir , Gesing Thorsten M. , Ben Amara Mongi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have investigated the crystal structure of the synthetic analogue of the mineral iwateite using powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Na2BaMn(PO4)2 crystallizes in the space group P

3
‾

$&#x203e;{3}$

m1 (No. 164) with cell parameters a = 5.37292(1) Å, and c = 7.09538(1) Å (R
wp = 5.7%, V = 177.38 Å3, Z = 1). The space group assignment is supported by the experimentally observed 11 Raman active modes which agree with the expected number of modes for the P

3
‾

$&#x203e;{3}$

m1 symmetry.
Revaluing the Role of vmPFC in the Acquisition of Pavlovian Threat Conditioning in Humans
Authors: Battaglia Simone , Garofalo Sara , di Pellegrino Giuseppe , Starita Francesca 
Published: October 2020

The role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in human pavlovian threat conditioning has been relegated largely to the extinction or reversal of previously acquired stimulus–outcome associations. However, recent neuroimaging evidence questions this view by also showing activity in the vmPFC during threat acquisition. Here we investigate the casual role of vmPFC in the acquisition of pavlovian threat conditioning by assessing skin conductance response (SCR) and declarative memory of stimulus–outcome contingencies during a differential pavlovian threat-conditioning paradigm in eight patients with a bilateral vmPFC lesion, 10 with a lesion outside PFC and 10 healthy participants (each group included both females and males). Results showed that patients with vmPFC lesion failed to produce a conditioned SCR during threat acquisition, despite no evidence of compromised SCR to unconditioned stimulus or compromised declarative memory for stimulus–outcome contingencies. These results suggest that the vmPFC plays a causal role in the acquisition of new learning and not just in the extinction or reversal of previously acquired learning, as previously thought. Given the role of the vmPFC in schema-related processing and latent structure learning, the vmPFC may be required to construct a detailed representation of the task, which is needed to produce a sustained conditioned physiological response in anticipation of the unconditioned stimulus during threat acquisition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPavlovian threat conditioning is an adaptive mechanism through which organisms learn to avoid potential threats, thus increasing their chances of survival. Understanding what brain regions contribute to such a process is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying adaptive as well as maladaptive learning, and has the potential to inform the treatment of anxiety disorders. Importantly, the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in the acquisition of pavlovian threat conditioning has been relegated largely to the inhibition of previously acquired learning. Here, we show that the vmPFC actually plays a causal role in the acquisition of pavlovian threat conditioning.
Respiratory supercomplexes enhance electron transport by decreasing cytochrome c diffusion distance
Authors: Berndtsson Jens , Kohler Andreas , Rathore Sorbhi , Marin‐Buera Lorena , Dawitz Hannah , Diessl Jutta , Kohler Verena , Barrientos Antoni , Büttner Sabrina , Fontanesi Flavia , Ott Martin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRespiratory chains are crucial for cellular energy conversion and consist of multi‐subunit complexes that can assemble into supercomplexes. These structures have been intensively characterized in various organisms, but their physiological roles remain unclear. Here, we elucidate their function by leveraging a high‐resolution structural model of yeast respiratory supercomplexes that allowed us to inhibit supercomplex formation by mutation of key residues in the interaction interface. Analyses of a mutant defective in supercomplex formation, which still contains fully functional individual complexes, show that the lack of supercomplex assembly delays the diffusion of cytochrome c between the separated complexes, thus reducing electron transfer efficiency. Consequently, competitive cellular fitness is severely reduced in the absence of supercomplex formation and can be restored by overexpression of cytochrome c. In sum, our results establish how respiratory supercomplexes increase the efficiency of cellular energy conversion, thereby providing an evolutionary advantage for aerobic organisms.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING MARINE MICROALGAE ISOCHRYSIS sp.
Authors: R Tevan , Jayakumar Saravanan , Ahmad Sahimi Nor Haledah , Iqbal Nur Farah Ain , Zapri Iffah , Govindan Natanamurugaraj , Ichwan Solachuddin J. A. , Maniam Gaanty Pragas 
Published: October 2020

Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles has received a remarkable attention due to their eco-friendly and potential applications in pharmaceutical and medical fields. The searches for natural alternatives to replace biosynthetic nanoparticles have resulted in extensive studies of microalgal derived metal nanoparticles. Since there are very limited reports on Isochrysis sp. in synthesising metal nanoparticles, a novel initiative was taken to induce an environmentally friendly and low cost technique to biosynthesise the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine microalgae, Isochrysis sp. Further, the synthesised silver nanoparticles were screened against human pathogen for antimicrobial effects. The characterisation of nanoparticles were confirmed by UV visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The results obtained from characterisations indicate that the AgNPs have an almost spherical shape with a various size of 98.1 to 193 nm. The synthesised nanoparticles exhibited outstanding antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
PEFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PETROCHEMICAL WASTEWATER FED AIR-CATHODE MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS USING YEAST BIOCATALYST
Authors: Sarmin Sumaya , Ideris Asmida , Chin Sim Yee , Chin Kui Cheng , Rahman Khan Md. Maksudur 
Published: October 2020

This paper presents the performance of air-cathode microbial fuel cell (AC-MFC) treating the petrochemical wastewater (PCW) from acrylic acid plant. The wastewater which is typically incinerated and possesses very high chemical oxygen demand (COD) due to presence of acrylic acid along with other organic acids. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the viability of treating the wastewater using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as biocatalyst in AC-MFC for simultaneous treatment of wastewater and electricity generation. This study demonstrates that Saccharomyces cerevisiae could function as a good biocatalyst producing high power density of 0.24 W/m3 using PCW with an initial COD of 26,000 mg/L. The COD removal efficiency and the columbic efficiency (CE) were found as 38% and 23.6% respectively. The electron transfer process across the electrode/biofilm/solution interface was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The present work demonstrates the potential of MFC for the treatment of acrylic acid plant PCW using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as biocatalyst.