bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐148a‐3p suppresses epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and stemness properties via Wnt1‐mediated Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Fu Xiaowei , Hong Le , Yang Zhengjiang , Tu Yi , Xin Wanpeng , Zha Ming , Tu Shuju , Sun Gen , Li Yong , Xiao Weidong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough miR‐148a‐3p has been reported to function as a tumour suppressor in various cancers, the molecular mechanism of miR‐148a‐3p in regulating epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness properties of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR‐148a‐3p expression was remarkably down‐regulated in PC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, low expression of miR‐148a‐3p was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) in patients with PC. In vitro, gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function experiments showed that miR‐148a‐3p suppressed EMT and stemness properties as well as the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that Wnt1 was a direct target of miR‐148a‐3p, and its expression was inversely associated with miR‐148a‐3p in PC tissues. Furthermore, miR‐148a‐3p suppressed the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway via down‐regulation of Wnt1. The effects of ectopic miR‐148a‐3p were rescued by Wnt1 overexpression. These biological functions of miR‐148a‐3p in PC were also confirmed in a nude mouse xenograft model. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR‐148a‐3p suppresses PC cell proliferation, invasion, EMT and stemness properties via inhibiting Wnt1‐mediated Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and could be a potential prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target in PC.
Characteristics of expert nurses' assessment of insertion sites for peripheral venous catheters in elderly adults with hard‐to‐find veins
Authors: Masamoto Tsuneko , Yano Rika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo clarify the characteristics of expert nurses' assessments when selecting an insertion site for a peripheral venous catheter (PVC).MethodsParticipants were 11 competent (control group) and 13 expert nurses. Using a simulated patient, we recorded the procedures participants followed when selecting a site for a PVC insertion. The researchers interviewed the nurses after the procedure by asking targeted questions about the site selection to clarify the factors influencing that selection. During the interview, a video of that nurse's procedure was observed, and each step performed during the procedure was investigated.ResultsWe identified three assessment characteristics specific to expert nurses that influenced their PVC site selection: (a) focusing on a patient's unique characteristics and choosing the appropriate procedure for that individual; (b) avoiding complications and paying attention to the patient's daily self‐care needs; and (c) carefully considering the patient's fear and fatigue during site selection and catheter insertion. Other assessments, based on the general knowledge and skill acquired by nurses in selecting a PVC site, were common to both groups: arm selection based on the patient's preference and site selection to avoid nerve injuries or complications. The control group's approach was assessed on the basis of their confidence in selecting a site for a PVC insertion.ConclusionsExpert nurses assessed the patient's individual characteristics and daily self‐care needs and helped mitigate the patient's anxiety. Our findings provide a basis for educational programs that share how expert nurses assess sites for a PVC insertion.
Recent advances targeting C‐C chemokine receptor type 2 for liver diseases in monocyte/macrophage
Authors: Li Min , Chen Liu , Gao Yue , Li Mengyuan , Wang Xiaosheng , Qiang Lei , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLiver plays a critical role in metabolism, nutrient storage and detoxification. Emergency signals or appropriate immune response leads to pathological inflammation and breaks the steady state when liver dysfunction appears, which makes body more susceptible to chronic liver infection, autoimmune diseases and tumour. Compelling proof has illustrated the non‐redundant importance of C‐C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), one of G‐protein‐coupled receptors, in different diseases. Selectively expressed on the surface of cells, CCR2 is involved in various signalling pathways and regulates the migration of cells. Especially, a peculiar role of CCR2 has been identified within decades in the onset and progression of hepatic diseases, which led to particular focusing on CCR2 as a new therapeutic and diagnostic target for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we discuss the effect of CCR2 in monocytes/macrophages on liver diseases. The application and translation of the decades of discoveries into therapies promise novel approaches in the treatment of liver disease.
Improvement of sexuality after hepatitis C cure with direct acting antivirals
Authors: Mariño Zoe , Rodríguez‐Tajes Sergio , Bartrés Concepció , Nácar Loreto , Lens Sabela , Navinés Ricard , Cavero Myriam , Londoño María C. , Sastre Lydia , Pocurull Anna , Dafieno Angella , Martín‐Santos Rocío , Forns Xavier 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite rarely assessed, sexuality is a relevant domain in Quality of Life. We prospectively evaluated the impact of direct‐acting antiviral therapy on sexuality in a cohort of 186 patients with chronic hepatitis C (HCV). Sexual dysfunction was assessed by validated scales CSFQ‐14/CSFQ‐VAS at baseline and one year after treatment finalization. Median age was 55 years and 87% had mild liver disease. Basal prevalence of sexual dysfunction (62%) and fear of HCV transmission (25%) were high. After HCV cure, both sexual dysfunction prevalence and CSFQ‐VAS improved (P = .058 and P < .01, respectively), and fear of HCV transmission dropped to 16% (P = .02). These changes were especially relevant in young men (<55), where sexual dysfunction decreased from 48.6% to 29.7% (P = .04) and among non‐depressed patients in whom sexual dysfunction decreased from 54.6% to 47% (P < .01). Age and major depression remained as independent factors of sexual dysfunction persistence after HCV cure. Our data suggest that HCV eradication is associated with an improvement in sexuality, in those patients without depression.
The putative sensor histidine kinase PhcK is required for the full expression of phcA encoding the global transcriptional regulator to drive the quorum‐sensing circuit of Ralstonia solanacearum strain OE1‐1
Authors: Senuma Wakana , Takemura Chika , Hayashi Kazusa , Ishikawa Shiho , Kiba Akinori , Ohnishi Kouhei , Kai Kenji , Hikichi Yasufumi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA gram‐negative plant‐pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum strain OE1‐1 produces and extracellularly secretes methyl 3‐hydroxymyristate (3‐OH MAME), and senses the chemical as a quorum‐sensing (QS) signal, activating QS. During QS a functional global transcriptional regulator PhcA, through the 3‐OH MAME‐dependent two‐component system, induces the production of virulence factors including a major extracellular polysaccharide EPS I and ralfuranone. To elucidate the mechanisms of phcA regulation underlying the QS system, among Tn5‐mutants from the strain OE1‐1, we identified a mutant of RSc1351 gene (phcK), encoding a putative sensor histidine kinase, that exhibited significantly decreased QS‐dependent cell aggregation. We generated a phcK‐deletion mutant (ΔphcK) that produced significantly less EPS I and ralfuranone than the wild‐type strain OE1‐1. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays showed that the phcA expression level was significantly down‐regulated in the ΔphcK mutant but not in other QS mutants. The transcriptome data generated with RNA sequencing technology revealed that the expression levels of 88.2% of the PhcA‐positively regulated genes were down‐regulated in the ΔphcK mutant, whereas the expression levels of 85.9% of the PhcA‐negatively regulated genes were up‐regulated. Additionally, the native phcK‐expressing complemented ΔphcK strain and the ΔphcK mutant transformed with phcA controlled by a constitutive promoter recovered their cell aggregation phenotypes. Considered together, the results of this study indicate that phcK is required for full phcA expression, thereby driving the QS circuit of R. solanacearum strain OE1‐1. This is the first report of the phcA transcriptional regulation of R. solanacearum.
Mechanical thrombectomy in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Oomura Masahiro , Usami Toshihiko , Hattori Hideo , Matsukawa Noriyuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe report a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) developing a major ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy. A 65‐year‐old man developed an occlusion of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) during admission for evaluation of GPA. He was treated with intravenous thrombolytic therapy followed by mechanical thrombectomy. This is the first report of a GPA treated with mechanical thrombectomy.
Prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among older adults: A cross‐sectional population‐based study
Authors: Thapa Deependra K. , Visentin Denis C. , Kornhaber Rachel , Cleary Michelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite population aging and the increase in mental health problems, studies on the mental health of older people in developing countries are lacking. This population‐based cross‐sectional study estimated the prevalence and associated factors for depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among older adults in Nepal. Community‐dwelling older adults (N = 794) were interviewed using a questionnaire which consisted of the 21‐item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales; and a wide range of sociodemographic, health‐related, and lifestyle characteristics; functional ability, social support, participation in social activities, and adverse life events. The prevalence of symptoms was 15.4% for depression, 18.1% for anxiety, and 12.1% for stress. Risk factors for symptoms included female gender, working in agriculture, lower household wealth, perceived poor health, smoking, chronic conditions, migration of adult children, and exposure to adverse life events. Receiving an allowance, physical exercise, functional ability, social support, and participation in social activities were found to have protective effects. The findings indicate the need for community‐based interventions, including appropriate diagnosis and treatment of mental health conditions, and mental health promotion programs targeting the risk and protective factors.
Shortening the generation cycle in faba bean (Vicia faba) by application of cytokinin and cold stress to assist speed breeding
Authors: Mobini Saeid , Khazaei Hamid , Warkentin Thomas D. , Vandenberg Albert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to reduce the length of the breeding cycle for faba bean by accelerating seed setting. We examined the mode and time of exogenous 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP) (cytokinin) application, and cold treatments and their combinations in two faba bean genotypes. Acropetal node number of pod and seed set and pollen viability were recorded during the experiments. Application of BAP improved pollen germination. The application of 10–5 M BAP 4 days after flowering increased seed set at the lower nodes. Cold treatment (8/4°C day/night for 2 days) after the onset of flowering induced the formation of more pods and faster pod set compared to the non‐cold treatment. The time to first seed was significantly reduced, and pollen viability was increased in plants exposed to cold treatment. Increased pollen viability also showed a significant positive correlation with seed setting. The combinations of 10–5 BAP and cold treatment together had similar and independent effects. These results will accelerate plant breeding in faba bean by providing additional tools for reducing generation time.
Early surveillance biopsy utilization and management of pediatric renal allograft acute T cell–mediated rejection in Canadian centers: Observations from the PROBE multicenter cohort study
Authors: Hoffmann Adam Jeffrey , Gibson Ian W. , Ho Julie , Nickerson Peter , Rush David , Sharma Atul , Wishart David , Blydt‐Hansen Tom David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEarly TCMR surveillance with protocol kidney biopsy is used differentially among pediatric kidney transplant centers. Little has been reported about actual center‐based differences, and this variability may influence TCMR ascertainment, treatment, and monitoring more broadly.MethodsData from the PROBE multicenter study were used to identify patients from centers conducting ESB or LSIB. ESB was defined as >50% of patients having at least 1 surveillance biopsy in the first 9 months. Patients were compared for number of biopsies, rejection episodes, treatment, and follow‐up monitoring.ResultsA total of 261 biopsies were performed on 97 patients over 1‐2 years of follow‐up. A total of 228 (87%) of biopsies were performed in ESB centers. Compared to LSIB centers, ESB centers had 7‐fold more episodes of TCMR diagnosed on any biopsy [0.8 ± 1.2 vs 0.1 ± 0.4; P < .001] and a 3‐fold higher rate from indication biopsies [0.3 ± 0.9 vs 0.1 ± 0.3; P = .04]. The proportion of rejection treatment varied based on severity: Banff borderline i1t1 (40%);>i1t1 and < Banff 1A (86%); and ≥ Banff 1A (100%). Biopsies for follow‐up were performed after treatment in 80% of cases (n = 28) of rejection almost exclusively at ESB centers, with 17 (61%) showing persistence of TCMR (≥i1t1).ConclusionsPractice variation exists across Canadian pediatric renal transplant centers with ESB centers identifying more episodes of rejection. Additionally, treatment of Banff borderline is not universal and varies with severity regardless of center type. Lastly, follow‐up biopsies are performed inconsistently and invariably show persistence of rejection.
Sustaining a nurse‐led community partnership to promote environmental justice
Authors: Dressel Anne , Bell‐Calvin Jean , Lee Erin , Hermanns Laura , Anderko Laura , Swaney Vicki , Steinberg Joshua , Hawkins Maren , Yeldell Sally 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Westlawn Partnership for a Healthier Environment (WPHE) is a longstanding group of community stakeholders that was formed over a decade ago to identify, prioritize, and address environmental health (EH) concerns in a low‐income, predominantly African American, urban neighborhood, which faces a disproportionate burden of EH risks, particularly asthma. Launched by the University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee College of Nursing, which established a nurse‐managed health center within the community 30 years ago, WPHE utilized the Protocol of Assessing Community Excellence in Environment Health methodology to develop, implement, and sustain the partnership. WPHE implemented programs for Healthy Homes, Healthy Day Cares, and bicycling, and made system and infrastructure changes within the community to address the top identified EH concerns: indoor and outdoor air pollution, mold exposure, access to safe and healthy food, and pesticide exposure. WPHE's efforts have resulted in significant local, state, and national policy impacts to promote environmental justice. This brief report shares how the partnership was formed, its priorities, major activities and accomplishments, and insights into sustaining a community‐based EH partnership, including recommendations for the key role that public health nurses can play to promote environmental justice.
Does Tanzania's Development Trajectory Borrow from the China Model?
Authors: Kinyondo Abel A. 
Published: October 2020

Tanzania has experienced a remarkable economic growth averaging 6 percent over the past two decades. While this growth is usually associated with the liberalization of the economy that began in the mid‐1980s, the influence of African Socialism in Tanzania cannot be overemphasized. Specifically, Tanzania has mostly been a developmental state focusing on infrastructural push. This article qualitatively analyzes rhetoric from senior political and government figures to detect if there is a political myth underpinning the existence of the “China Model” in Tanzania. Results show that, while for the past two decades Tanzania's development trajectory has been partially influenced by the China model, the China case is unique and thus its model may not be successfully replicated in Tanzania. I thus recommend a home‐grown model if sustainable economic development has to be achieved in Tanzania.Related Articles (in this Special Issue)Davidsson, Simon. 2020. “Modeling the Impact of a Model: The (Non)Relationship between China's Economic Rise and African Democracy.”Politics & Policy48 (5).Duggan, Niall. 2020. “China – The Champion of the Developing World: A Study of China's new Development Model and its Role in Changing Global Economic Governance.”Politics & Policy48 (5).Ganda, Willie D. 2020. “The China Model in Zimbabwe: The Belt and Road Initiative and Beyond.”Politics & Policy48 (5).
Effect of Grade and Surface Type on Peak Tibial Acceleration in Trained Distance Runners
Authors: Waite Nathan , Goetschius John , Lauver Jakob D. 
Published: October 2020

Runners experience repeated impact forces during training, and the culmination of these forces can contribute to overuse injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare peak vertical tibial acceleration (TA) in trained distance runners on 3 surface types (grass, asphalt, and concrete) and 3 grades (incline, decline, and level). During visit 1, subjects completed a 1-mile time trial to determine their pace for all running trials: 80% (5%) of the average time trial velocity. During visit 2, subjects were outfitted with a skin-mounted accelerometer and performed 18 separate running trials during which peak TA was assessed during the stance phase. Each subject ran 2 trials for each condition with 2 minutes of rest between trials. Peak TA was different between decline (8.04 [0.12] g) and incline running (7.31 [0.35] g; P = .020). On the level grade, peak TA was greater during grass (8.22 [1.22] g) compared with concrete (7.47 [1.65] g; P = .017). On the incline grade, grass (7.68 [1.44] g) resulted in higher peak TA than asphalt (6.99 [1.69] g; P = .030). These results suggest that under certain grade conditions grass may result in higher TA compared with either concrete or asphalt.
Prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals in the general population of northern Italy and evaluation of a diagnostic serological ELISA test: a cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: Guerriero Massimo , Bisoffi Zeno , Poli Albino , Micheletto Claudio , Pomari Carlo 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionAs of 30 April 2020, the novel betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 had infected more than 3 172 000 individuals, killing over 224 000 people and spreading to more than 200 countries. Italy was the most affected country in Europe and the third most affected in the world in terms of the number of cases. Therefore, the aims of this study are: (1) to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals among the general population of Verona; (2) to assess the accuracy (sensitivity, specificity and predictive values) of an ELISA serological test for the screening of SARS-CoV-2.Methods and analysisThe study will be carried out on a random sample of subjects aged at least 10 years from the general population of Verona. Participants will undergo the measurement of vital parameters (oxygen saturation measured by oximeter, respiratory rate and body temperature detected by laser thermometer), the administration of a COVID-19-related symptoms questionnaire, the collection of a blood sample and a nasopharyngeal swab. Our evaluation will include the statistical technique of Latent Class Analysis, which will be the basis for the estimation of prevalence.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Verona and Rovigo provinces on 15 April 2020 (internal protocol number 2641CESC). The study results will be submitted for publication in international, peer-reviewed journals and the complete dataset will be deposited in a public repository. Most relevant data will be made available to policy-makers as well as disseminated to stakeholders and to the community.
Use of telecritical care for family visitation to ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interview study and sentiment analysis
Authors: Sasangohar Farzan , Dhala Atiya , Zheng Feibi , Ahmadi Nima , Kash Bita , Masud Faisal 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundWhen the COVID-19 pandemic restricted visitation between intensive care unit patients and their families, the virtual intensive care unit (vICU) in our large tertiary hospital was adapted to facilitate virtual family visitation. The objective of this paper is to document findings from interviews conducted with family members on three categories: (1) feelings experienced during the visit, (2) barriers, challenges or concerns faced using this service, and (3) opportunities for improvements.MethodsFamily members were interviewed postvisit via phone. For category 1 (feelings), automated analysis in Python using the Valence Aware Dictionary for sentiment Reasoner package produced weighted valence (extent of positive, negative or neutral emotive connotations) of the interviewees’ word choices. Outputs were compared with a manual coder’s valence ratings to assess reliability. Two raters conducted inductive thematic analysis on the notes from these interviews to analyse categories 2 (barriers) and 3 (opportunities).ResultsValence-based and manual sentiment analysis of 230 comments received on feelings showed over 86% positive sentiments (88.2% and 86.8%, respectively) with some neutral (7.3% and 6.8%) and negative (4.5% and 6.4%) sentiments. The qualitative analysis of data from 57 participants who commented on barriers showed four primary concerns: inability to communicate due to patient status (44% of respondents); technical difficulties (35%); lack of touch and physical presence (11%); and frequency and clarity of communications with the care team (11%). Suggested improvements from 59 participants included: on demand access (51%); improved communication with the care team (17%); improved scheduling processes (10%); and improved system feedback and technical capabilities (17%).ConclusionsUse of vICU for remote family visitations evoked happiness, joy, gratitude and relief and a sense of closure for those who lost loved ones. Identified areas for concern and improvement should be addressed in future implementations of telecritical care for this purpose.