bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic Resection of a T-Shaped Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma at the Skull Base in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Li Chen , Wang Xingdong , Li Yuping , Zhang Xiaobiao , Dong Lun , Zhang Hengzhu 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) is a benign tumor composed of cells with characteristics of histiocytes and with fibroblastic components. BFHs are rare lesions, especially in the skull base.

Clinical Presentation:
Here, the authors report the case of a 9-year-old girl presented with reduced binocular vision for 2 months. The computerized tomography (CT) of the tumor appearance was high-density annular sclerosis. The tumor was removed via nasal endoscopic approach. Final pathologic diagnosis was benign fibrous histiocytoma. The post-operative period was uneventful after 8 months, and the visual acuity was improved to some extent.

Discussion and Conclusion:
This is the first case of BFH in a pediatric patient that was removed by endoscope. For similar case, endoscopic resection might be the first choice, including pediatric patient. Moreover, the CT feature and literature review may provide further insight into the diagnosis and management.
Temporomandibular Joint Dysplasia in Cranio-Maxillofacial Dysplasia: A Retrospective Study. Guideline Treatment Proposal
Authors: Ferri Joël , Schlund Matthias , Touzet-Roumazeille Sandrine , Sciote James J. , Nicot Romain 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:Cranio-Maxillofacial Dysplasias (CMD), including Craniofacial Microsomias, syndromes (such as Treacher Collins or Williams) and isolated Condylo-Mandibulo-Dysplasia, is a controversial subject with treatments as diverse as diagnostic classifications. The authors present here a retrospective study of 85 patients, with congenital condyle dysplasia arising from these 3 main types of CMD, treated with different techniques that aimed to normalize the facial skeleton and occlusion.Methods:The authors studied retrospectively 85 patients, aged from 3 to 53 years old, affected by different types of CMD. Treatment options included: costochondral grafts, orthognathic surgeries, distraction osteogenesis procedures, orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic treatments, and soft tissues surgeries. Outcomes were evaluated by the surgical team.Results:Seventeen patients were treated with costochondral grafting, 14 with distraction osteogenesis, 17 with orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic, and 45 with orthognathic surgery. The authors did not perform any nerve grafting or temporomandibular joints prosthesis placement. Fifty-one patients presented an excellent result, 10 a good result, 9 a poor result, 2 a bad result, and 14 an unknown result.Discussion:Several different treatments of CMD can be proposed. The authors think that major defect in children should undergo costochondral grafting because of its growth potential while in case of minor defect, orthopedic treatment should be tried in the first place. Distraction osteogenesis should be reserved for cases with poor response after orthopedic treatment or growth insufficiency with costochondral grafting. Orthognathic surgery is often necessary at the end of the growth period to obtain an excellent result. Temporomandibular joints prosthesis should be reserved for extreme cases.
Study of the Effect of Topical Ozonated Oil on Healing of Calvarial Defect
Authors: Dorry Sepehr , Moslemi Hamid Reza , Yousefi Mohammad Hassan , Hamedani Mahmood Ahmadi , Khaligh Sahar Ghaffari 
Published: September 2020

Background:Fracture healing is one of the important issues in medicine and veterinarian medicine. A new technique should be detected with fewer side effects which improves the speed of the healing. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of topical ozonated oil on the healing of bone defects created in rat calvarium.Methods:Defects of 7 mm were induced with a trephine in the calvaria of 45 male Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were divided into 3 groups, and the defects in each group were filled with ozonated oil, olive oil, or left empty as a control. The animals were euthanized at 3 different time points (14, 28, and 42 days post-operation). Histological and serological (alkaline phosphatase) assessments were carried out on 14, 28, and 42 days post-operation.Results:On 14 and 28 days post-operation, in the edges of the defect, there was a significant difference between the ozonated oil group and olive oil as well as control groups (P≤ 0.05). However, in the center of the defect, there were no statistically significant differences between the 3 groups (P > 0.05). On day 42, in the edges and center of the defect, there was a significant difference between the ozonated oil group and olive oil as well as control groups statistically (P≤ 0.05).Conclusion:The results of this study indicate the potential efficacy of ozonated oil as a bone substitute in a rat calvarial defect model.
Neurogenic Blepharoptosis After Medial Orbital Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jun Yong , Shin Jeonghwan , Baek Sang Oon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Neurogenic blepharoptosis after orbital wall reconstruction is a rare complication. It can either present as an isolated blepharoptosis, or accompany with other ocular symptoms. The authors introduce 4 cases of post-operative neurogenic blepharoptosis after reconstruction of medial orbital wall via transcaruncular approach.
Immediately after the surgery, 2 adolescent patients experienced unilateral islolated complete blepharoptosis with no other ocular symptoms. The other 2 adult patients presented unilateral complete blepharoptosis accompanied by lateral displacement of the globe and evident extraocular movement limitations. The 2 adolescent patients were observed with no particular treatment, whereas the other 2 adult patients were treated with intravenous systemic steroids. The blepharoptosis symptom began to improve at 2 weeks post-operatively and completely recovered within 3 to 4 months in all patients, while the globe displacement and extraocular movement limitation started to improve at 4 weeks after the surgery and fully recovered within 6 months.
Although neurogenic blepharoptosis after medial orbital wall reconstruction is a very rare complication, it can be critical once it occurs. According to the author's experience, it fortunately shows a favorable clinical course of spontaneous recovery. Post-operative neurogenic blepharoptosis usually recovers between 2 weeks and 4 months and other ocular symptoms related to oculomotor nerve injury recovers within 6 months after the surgery.
Preclinical Research Reporting in Shock: Room for Improvement
Authors: Reynolds Penny S. , Garvan Cynthia W. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The ARRIVE (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) guidelines were endorsed by the Shock Society in 2012, but to date there has been no systematic evaluation of research reporting quality for Shock. We systematically assessed 100 randomly selected animal-based research articles published between 2014 and 2018 for reporting quality and statistical practice, compared with 40 pre-ARRIVE studies. More than half of surveyed papers omitted verifiable ethical oversight information and basic animal descriptive information. Few papers reported best-practice methods, such as sample size justification (10%), randomization (43%), randomization method (7%), blinding (23%). Only one paper reported effect sizes to interpret study results. Most troubling was inadequate reporting of welfare-related information (anesthesia, analgesia, humane endpoints, euthanasia). Almost a decade after ARRIVE endorsement, our findings show that reporting deficiencies have persisted with little sign of correction. There is a clear need for investigators to increase transparency of research methods reporting, and drastically improve skills in experimental design. Improvement in standards and greater attention paid to reporting will lead to improvement in reproducibility, replicability, and research quality. It is incumbent upon the research community to improve reporting practices; accurate and transparent reporting is integral to producing rigorous and ethical science.
Quality of Life After Elective Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy for Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease
Authors: Mari Gulio M. , Crippa Jacopo , Roscio Francesco , Scandroglio Ildo , Cocozza Eugenio , Borroni Giacomo , Berselli Mattia , Achilli Pietro , Costanzi Andrea T.M. , Maggioni Dario 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel function and may affect quality of life. When symptoms are severe and conservative therapy is ineffective, surgical intervention becomes an option.

Objective:
This study aims to investigate quality of life after elective sigmoidectomy for patients affected by SUDD.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective multicenter review of consecutive patients affected by SUDD that underwent elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy from January 2015 to March 2018. SUDD was defined as the presence of diverticula with persistent localized pain and diarrhea or constipation without macroscopic inflammation. Quality of life was investigated using the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index questionnaire at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Readmissions, unplanned clinical examination, mesalazine resumption, and emergency department visit for abdominal symptoms were recorded.

Results:
Fifty-two patients were included in the analysis. Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index score at 6 months from surgery did not statistically differ from baseline (96±10.2 vs. 89±11.2; P>0.05), while patients reported a better quality of life at 12 months after surgery (109±8.6; P<0.05). Within the first year of follow-up, 3 patients (5.8%) were readmitted for acute enteritis, 8 patients (15.4%) had emergency room access for abdominal pain, and 8 patients had unplanned outpatients’ medical examinations for referred lower abdominal pain and bowel changes. Mesalazine was resumed in 17.3% of patients.

Conclusion:
Elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for SUDD is safe and effective in improving quality of life, although in some cases symptoms may persist.
Analysis of Pelvic Organ Prolapse-related Content on Pinterest
Authors: Pace Lauren A. , Herbert Amber S. , Munir Alia , Malik Rena D. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives
Our study is a cross-sectional, qualitative study analyzing pelvic organ prolapse-related content on Pinterest, a social media platform that also functions as a visual search engine. Primary outcomes assessed include quality, understandability, and actionability of content. Secondary outcomes include levels of misinformation and commercial bias. Our study further characterizes sources of prolapse content and treatment modalities discussed.

Methods
A Pinterest search was conducted using the term “pelvic organ prolapse,” analyzing the first 100 relevant results. We examined the publisher of each pin and the writer of linked content. Using validated tools including the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool and DISCERN criteria, we assessed understandability and actionability of content. We further compared content to professional guidelines for discussing and treating prolapse, evaluating for misinformation. We also evaluated for commercial bias and subjectively rated pin quality.

Results
Of pins evaluated, low understandability was found in 16, low actionability in 30, and low-to-moderate quality in 69. The most common publisher of pins was health and wellness groups, and the most common writer of content was physical therapists. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the treatment modality discussed most frequently on Pinterest.

Conclusions
Pinterest content discussing pelvic organ prolapse shows good levels of understandability for patients at all levels of health literacy. However, the number of pins showing poor actionability raises concern that content may not encourage readers to take direct steps toward prolapse assessment and management. In all, a majority of prolapse-related content on Pinterest was of low-to-moderate quality.
Age and Perioperative Outcomes After Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pathway in Women Undergoing Major Prolapse Repair Surgery
Authors: Carter-Brooks Charelle M. , Romanova Anna L. , DeRenzo Joseph S. , Shepherd Jonathan P. , Zyczynski Halina M. 
Published: September 2020

Objective
As perioperative care pathways are developed to improve recovery, there is a need to explore the impact of age. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of a urogynecology-specific enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway on perioperative outcomes across 3 age categories: young, middle age, and elderly.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted assessing same-day discharge, opioid administration, pain scores, and complications differences across and within 3 age categories, young (<61 years), middle age (61–75 years), elderly (>75 years), before and after ERAS implementation.

Results
Among 98 (25.7%) young, 202 (52.9%) middle-aged, and 82 (21.5%) elderly women, distribution before and after ERAS implementation was similar. In each age category, we found a commensurate increase in same-day discharge and decrease in length of stay independent of age. Age was associated with a variable response to opioid administration after ERAS. In women who received opioids, we found there was a greater reduction in opioids in elderly. Young women received 22.5 mg more than middle-aged women, whereas elderly women received 24.3 mg less than middle-aged women (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001) for a mean difference of 46.8 mg between the youngest and oldest group. We found no significant differences in postanesthesia care unit pain scores with ERAS implementation. Complications did not increase after ERAS implementation in any age group, although younger and elderly women were more likely to experience complications independent of ERAS.

Conclusions
Elderly women had similar outcomes compared with their younger counterparts after implementation of an ERAS pathway. Further research is needed to assess whether our age-related observations are generalizable.
Factors Influencing Selection of Concomitant Total Versus Supracervical Hysterectomy at the Time of Sacrocolpopexy and Associated Perioperative Outcomes
Authors: Slopnick Emily A. , Roberts Kasey , Sheyn David D. , Chapman Graham C. , El-Nashar Sherif , Mahajan Sangeeta T. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives
The objective of this study was to describe national practice patterns of hysterectomy type performed with concurrent sacrocolpopexy and determine clinical factors associated with surgical route.

Methods
We used the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database with hysterectomy data for this retrospective cohort study. We identified sacrocolpopexy cases from 2014 to 2016 with concurrent hysterectomy and stratified patients into supracervical hysterectomy (SCH) or total hysterectomy (TH). As a secondary analysis, we compared the laparoscopic subset of cases. We performed χ2 and backward stepwise logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with hysterectomy type and compare complication rates.

Results
A total of 4,615 women underwent SCP with hysterectomy: 55.8% TH and 44.2% SCH. Mean ± SD age was 56.5 ± 11.7 years. Gynecologists represent 96.3% of surgeons; 51.2% were urogynecologists. Urogynecologists were more likely than generalists to perform SCH (58.4% vs 41.6%, P < 0.001). Total hysterectomy was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.98 per year [0.97–0.99]), greater uterine weight (aOR, 1.05 per 10 g [1.03–1.06]), and non-Caucasian race (aOR, 0.73 [0.58–0.92]). Complication rates were equivalent between hysterectomy type (SCH, 6.2% vs TH, 6.2%; P = 0.956). Laparoscopy was used for 84.4% of surgical procedures. In this subgroup, TH was associated with greater uterine weight (aOR, 1.06 per 10 g [1.04–1.08]) and younger age (aOR, 0.97 per year [0.96–0.98]). Complication rates were similar (SCH, 5.1% vs TH, 5.0%; P = 0.824).

Conclusions
At the time of sacrocolpopexy, TH is more common than SCH and is associated with younger age and greater uterine weight, although urogynecologists more commonly perform SCH. The overall risk of complications was low and similar between hysterectomy type.
Diagnostic Yield of 18F-FDG PET After Lung Transplantation: A Single-center, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Van Rompaey Winand , Gheysens Olivier , Deroose Christophe M. , Verleden Stijn E. , Vanaudenaerde Bart M. , Ceulemans Laurens J. , Van Raemdonck Dirk E. , Neyrinck Arne P. , Verleden Geert M. , Vos Robin 
Published: September 2020

Background.
To investigate the diagnostic yield of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) in lung transplant recipients.

Methods.
A single-center, retrospective cohort study including 234 18F-FDG PET examinations in 199 lung transplant recipients. Indication for PET referral, 18F-FDG PET diagnosis/findings and final clinical diagnosis were classified into 3 groups: malignancy, infection/inflammation not otherwise specified, and chronic lung allograft dysfunction with restrictive allograft syndrome phenotype. Sensitivity/specificity analysis was performed to determine accuracy of 18F-FDG PET in each group.

Results.
Sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET for malignancy was 91.4% (95% confidence interval, 82.5%-96.0%) and specificity was 82.3% (95% confidence interval, 74.5%-88.1%). Infection/inflammation not otherwise specified and restrictive allograft syndrome as indication for 18F-FDG PET comprised relatively small groups (14 and 31 cases, respectively). In addition, 18F-FDG PET revealed clinically relevant incidental findings in 15% of cases.

Conclusions.
Referral for 18F-FDG PET after lung transplantation mainly occurred to confirm or rule out malignancy. In this specific setting, 18F-FDG PET has a high diagnostic yield. Accuracy of 18F-FDG PET for other indications is less clear, given small sample sizes. Clinically relevant diagnoses, unrelated to the primary indication for 18F-FDG PET, are found relatively often in this immunocompromised cohort.
Resolution of Citalopram Sexual Adverse Effects With Low Dose of Cariprazine: A Case Report
Authors: Dieci Massimiliano , Trama Annalisa , Mansi Gianluigi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is a common adverse effect in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors users. We report a case of substantial improvement in sexual function with cariprazine at very low dosage.
Nalbuphine Exhibited a Better Adjuvant Than Dexmedetomidine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Youths
Authors: Jiang Changcheng , Xie Wenji , Xie Huijuan , Xie Wenqin , Kang Zhenming , Liu Naizhen 
Published: September 2020

Objective
Nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine are both used as anesthesia adjuvants for brachial plexus block, but their efficacy and safety in younger patients are not clear. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and side effects of these 2 drugs in young patients undergoing brachial plexus block.

Methods
We recruited 48 young patients aged 18 to 30 years requiring supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients in group levobupivacaine+nalbuphine received 28 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine and 10 mg of nalbuphine diluted in 2 mL 0.9% saline. Patients in group levobupivacaine+dexmedetomidine (LD) received 28 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine and 0.75 μg/kg dexmedetomidine diluted in 2 mL 0.9% saline. Demographic information, types of fracture, onset time of motor and sensory blocks, duration of block, side effects, and analgesic use were recorded.

Results
We found that the 2 groups did not differ significantly in the demographic profile and fracture type. Compared with group LD, group LD had significantly shorter sensory and motor block onset time, longer block duration, less analgesic need, and less side effects.

Conclusion
In summary, our study suggests that nalbuphine is a better anesthesia adjuvant for supraclavicular brachial plexus block in young patients.
Leveraging pathogen sequence and contact tracing data to enhance vaccine trials in emerging epidemics
Authors: Kahn Rebecca , Wang Rui , Leavitt Sarah V. , Hanage William P. , Lipsitch Marc 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Advance planning of the design and analysis of vaccine trials conducted during infectious disease outbreaks increases our ability to rapidly define the efficacy and potential impact of a vaccine and inform public health response. Vaccine efficacy against infectiousness (VEI) is an important measure for understanding the full impact of a vaccine, yet it is currently not identifiable in many vaccine trial designs because it requires knowledge of the vaccination status of infectors. Recent advances in pathogen genomics have improved our ability to accurately reconstruct transmission networks. We aim to assess if augmenting classical randomized controlled trial designs with pathogen sequence and contact tracing data can permit these trials to estimate VEI.Methods:We develop a transmission model with a vaccine trial in an outbreak setting, incorporate pathogen sequence evolution data and sampling as well as contact tracing data, and assign probabilities to likely infectors. We then propose and evaluate the performance of an estimator of VEI.Results:We find that under perfect knowledge of infector-infectee pairs, we are able to accurately estimate VEI. Use of sequence data results in imperfect reconstruction of the transmission networks, biasing estimates of VEI towards the null, with approaches using deep sequence data performing better than approaches using consensus sequence data. Inclusion of contact tracing data reduces the bias.Conclusion:Pathogen genomics enhance identifiability of VEI from individually randomized controlled trials, but imperfect transmission network reconstruction biases the estimates towards the null and limits our ability to detect VEI. Given the consistent direction of the bias, estimates obtained from trials using these methods will provide lower bounds on the true VEI. A combination of sequence and epidemiologic data results in the most accurate estimates, underscoring the importance of contact tracing in reconstructing transmission networks.
Assessing and Predicting Efficacy of Dance Intervention for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Krotinger Anna , Loui Psyche 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with a loss of internal cueing systems, affecting rhythmic motor tasks such as walking and speech production. Music and dance encourage spontaneous rhythmic coupling between sensory and motor systems; this has inspired the development of dance programs for PD. Here we assessed the therapeutic outcome and some underlying cognitive mechanisms of dance classes for PD, as measured by neuropsychological assessments of disease severity as well as quantitative assessments of rhythmic ability and sensorimotor experience. We assessed prior music and dance experience, beat perception (Beat Alignment Test), sensorimotor coupling (tapping to high- and low-groove songs), and disease severity (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale in PD individuals) before and after four months of weekly dance classes. PD individuals performed better on UPDRS after four months of weekly dance classes, suggesting efficacy of dance intervention. Greater post-intervention improvements in UPDRS were associated with the presence of prior dance experience and with more accurate sensorimotor coupling. Prior dance experience was additionally associated with enhanced sensorimotor coupling during tapping to both high-groove and low-groove songs. These results show that dance classes for PD improve both qualitative and quantitative assessments of disease symptoms. The association between these improvements and dance experience suggests that rhythmic motor training, a mechanism underlying dance training, impacts improvements in parkinsonian symptoms following a dance intervention.