bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics Analysis and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Jingdi , Peng Bo , Qin Xianzheng , Zhou Tian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer are declining, gastric cancer is still one of the most common causes of death. Early detection of gastric cancer is of great help to improve the survival rate, but the existing biomarkers are not sensitive to diagnose early gastric cancer. The aim of this study is to identify the novel biomarkers for gastric cancer.Methods: Three gene expression profiles (GSE27342, GSE63089, GSE33335) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database to select differentially expressed genes. Then, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were performed to explore the biological functions of differentially expressed genes. Cytoscape was utilized to construct protein-protein interaction network and hub genes were analyzed by plugin cytoHubba of Cytoscape. Furthermore, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Kaplan-Meier plotter were used to verify the identified hub genes.Results: 35 overlapping differentially expressed genes were screened from gene expression datasets, which consisted of 11 up-regulated genes and 24 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in digestion, regulation of biological quality, response to hormone and steroid hormone, and homeostatic process. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed differentially expressed genes were enriched in the secretion of gastric acid and collecting duct acid, leukocyte transendothelial migration and ECM-receptor interaction. According to protein-protein interaction network, 10 hub genes were identified by Maximal Clique Centrality method.Conclusion: By using bioinformatics analysis, COL1A1, BGN, THY1, TFF2 and SST were identified as the potential biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer.
High Expression of SPRR1B Indicates Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cao Hao , Feng Ganzhu , Li Min , Chen Sen , Zhu Yi , Chang Xueduan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Small proline-rich protein 1B (SPRR1B) was initially identified as an envelope protein of keratinocytes, which plays essential roles in squamous cell differentiation. Recently its involvement in malignancies was also explored in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, whether SPRR1B participates in adenocarcinoma progression remains unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the expression and function of SPRR1B in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC).Methods: SPRR1B expression level was examined in LAC samples and adjacent nontumorous samples through quantitative RT-PCR assay and immunohistochemistry staining. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to estimate the prognostic role of SPRR1B. Cellular experiments were performed to reveal the function of SPRR1B in LAC cells. Results: The SPRR1B level in LAC samples was significantly higher compared with adjacent samples. Moreover, higher SPRR1B level was correlated with poor tumor differentiation and advanced tumor stage. LAC patients with higher SPRR1B level had worse overall survival. Moreover, SPRR1B was confirmed as an independent unfavorable prognosis factor. Cellular data indicated that knockdown of SPRR1B could attenuate the proliferation capacity of LAC cells. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that high SPRR1B level was significantly correlated with unfavorable clinical features and poor prognosis of LAC patients. SPRR1B might serve as a novel prognostic indicator and potential drug target for LAC treatment.
Pathologic Response Rates for Breast Cancer Stages as a Predictor of Outcomes in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Breast-Conserving Surgery
Authors: Lu Chang-Yun , Chen Ho-Min , Wu Szu-Yuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine easy-to-use predictors of overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence (LRR), and distant metastasis (DM) in patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by breast-conserving surgery (BCS), we obtained pathologic response rates (PRRs) for combined primary and nodal diseases (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] stages) from clinical and pathologic reports, and we used these as predictors.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled patients with IDC who had received NACT followed by BCS. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for the patients’ PRRs; other independent predictors were controlled for or stratified in the analysis.RESULTS: We analyzed 1047 patients with IDC (611, 260, and 176 patients in clinical stages IIB, IIIA, and IIIB-C, respectively) receiving NACT and BCS. After multivariate Cox regression analyses, the adjusted HRs (aHRs; 95% CI) in patients with pathologic complete response (ypT0N0) were 0.26 (0.13–0.56), 0.36 (0.15–0.85), and 0.15 (0.08–0.31) for all-cause mortality, LRR, and DM, respectively. The aHRs (95% CI) in patients with downstaging of AJCC stages were 0.55 (0.35–0.89), 0.91 (0.62–0.96), and 0.63 (0.43–0.91) for all-cause mortality, LRR, and DM, respectively. The aHRs (95% CI) in patients with upstaging of AJCC stages were 1.77 (1.06–2.24), 1.08 (1.03–1.82), and 1.19 (1.07–2.01) for all-cause mortality, LRR, and DM, respectively.CONCLUSION: The impacts of AJCC-stage PRRs are useful predictive tools and strong predictors for OS, LRR, and DM in patients with breast IDC receiving NACT followed by BCS.
Incidence and Clinical Impact in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma With Lateral Cervical Node Metastasis
Authors: Lee Kwan Ho , Kim Eun Young , Yun Ji Sup , Park Yong Lai , Park Chan Heun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundsLateral lymph node metastasis (LNM), which significantly impacts papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients’ prognosis. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is known to have a much better prognosis than non-PTMC, but it has not been known whether there is such a difference even with lateral LNM. MethodsThis retrospective study included a series of 3336 consecutive PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy. Of them, 206 had lateral LNM and were divided into the PTMC and non-PTMC groups by tumor size (1-cm) for comparing the prevalence of prognostic factors. ResultsLNM was in 157/1131 (13.9%) non-PTMC patients and 49/2205 (2.2%) PTMC patients. Eleven of the 206 (5.3%) lateral LNM cases not found on US were only seen on computed tomography. The prevalence of prognostic factors which include an age of >55 years, >5 metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), high metastatic-to-examined LN ratio, and large metastatic LNs (>3 cm) were not significantly different between PTMC and non-PTMC group. ConclusionIn PTC with lateral LNM, the prognosis is likely to be similar regardless of tumor size. Considering the modest risk of lateral LNM in PTMC, FNA for small thyroid tumor and radiologic tests for lateral LNM should be encouraged.
Silencing LncRNA SCAMP1 Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Activation of p53 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ma Xiaochen , Sun Xiangyang , Li Caixia , Zhang Kai , Xie Yang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNA secretory carrier membrane protein 1 (SCAMP1) has been recently reported to be an oncogene in several cancers, including glioma and ovarian cancer. However, its clinical significance and functional role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown.Methods: The expression of SCAMP1 was determined in tissue samples and cell lines using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The clinical significance of SCAMP1 in HCC was evaluated using chi-squared test, Kaplan-Meier survival, as well as univariate and multivariate analysis. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, Flow cytometry analysis. Related protein expression levels were measured by western blot analysis.Results: We found SCAMP1 expression levels were remarkably up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with that in matched adjacent tissues. Increased SCAMP1 expression was significantly correlated with large tumor size, advanced TNM stage and poor survival prognosis in HCC. Knockdown of SCAMP1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in HepG2 and SNU-182 cells. More importantly, knockdown of SCAMP1 downregulated the expression levels of CDK4, Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2, while upregulated the expression levels of p21, p53 and Bax.Conclusions: In summary, our study clarified the oncogenic role of SCAMP1 in HCC, and provided a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Microwave Ablation for Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Zhao Zhen-Long , Wei Ying , Cao Xiao-Jing , Peng Li-Li , Li Yan , Wang Shu-Rong , Guo Jian-Qin , Yu Ming-an 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of microwave ablation (MWA) for PTC with metastatic cervical lymph nodes who are ineligible for or refuse surgery. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients of unifocal PTC with metastatic cervical lymph nodes from three hospitals were enrolled in this study, and MWAs were performed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to evaluate the extent of ablation. The volume of the ablated area and thyroid hormones were measured. Results: PTC nodules in 9 patients completely disappeared at the end of follow-up. Compared with the volume before ablation, the mean volume reduction ratio of ablated lesions was 0.414 ± 0.700 (range: -1.92-0.95) at postoperative 6 months. The patients' thyroid function tests were normal at the end of follow-up. New lymph node metastasis was found in one patient during follow-up visits and she underwent a second MWA procedure. For the other patients, no new PTC nodule, local recurrence or cervical lymph node metastasis were suspected on ultrasound by the end of follow-up. No distant metastasis was encountered during the follow up. None of the patients developed hypocalcemia, permanent hoarseness or skin burns. Conclusions: MWA is a minimal invasive and safe method in treating PTC with cervical lymph node metastasis.
Breasts and the City: An Urban Ethnography of Infant Feeding in Public Spaces within Cardiff, United Kingdom
Authors: Grant Aimee 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Internationally, women report challenges breastfeeding in public spaces. This study aimed to investigate the social-spatial aspects of public spaces in one UK city, Cardiff, in order to suggest possible barriers and facilitators to breastfeeding in public spaces.Methods: The study observation location guide prioritised places that had been reported as hostile to breastfeeding or breastfeeding friendly in the existing literature. Data were collected at various times of day, in several areas of the city, and included transport (n=4), transport hubs (n=3), high streets (n=4), cafes (n=2), a large city centre shopping complex, comprising of three joined shopping centres and a large city centre department store (containing a third café). Low inference field notes were written on an encrypted smart phone and expanded soon after. Data were analysed thematically using deductive codes based on the observation schedule. Additional inductive codes relating to places were added.Results: Overall, public transport and the city centre were inhospitable environments for those who might need to breastfeed, and even more so for those who need to express breastmilk. The core barriers and facilitators running through the data appeared to be the availability of appropriate seating coupled with either high privacy or civil inattention. The one variation to this model arose from the department store café, where civil inattention was not performed and there was low privacy, but breastfeeding occurred anyway. Conclusions: This research highlights the physical and social barriers to breastfeeding within one urban city centre in the UK and its associated transport links. It is clear that there is an urgent need for change in urban city centres and public transport if countries are to meet their aims in relation to increasing breastfeeding rates. Interventions will need to be multifaceted, accounting for social norms relating to infant feeding as well as changes to the physical environment, policy and potentially legal change. Further research should be undertaken in other countries to examine the extent to which hostile environments exist, and if correcting these could facilitate breastfeeding and reduce gender based violence.
Identification of an Independent Immune-genes Prognostic Index for Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Qin Chao , Li Guangyao , Wei Xiyi , Su Shifeng , Wang Shangqian , Wang Wei , Wang Yichun , Meng Xianghu , Xia Jiadong , Song Ninghong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: Increasing evidence has indicated an association between immune micro-environment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and clinical outcomes. The aim of this research is to comprehensively investigate the effect of tumor immune genes on the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Methods: 2498 immune genes were downloaded from ImmPort database. Additionally, we identified and downloaded the transcriptome data of patients with ccRCC from the TCGA database through the R package, as well as relevant clinical information. We apply certain survival R package to analyse the survival of hub-genes before analyzing the effect of immune genes on the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) utilizing Cox regression analysis. Based on the statistical correlation between hub immune gene and survival ,immune risk score model was set up.We finally constructed a nomogram to predict the survival rate of ccRCC overally. In addition, whether the immune gene risk score model is an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC is comprehensively considered applying multivariate cox regression analysis. It is worth noting that throughout the data analysis, P< 0.05 was recognized to be of significance statistically. Results: The results of the difference analysis showed that 556 immune genes exhibited differential expression between normal and ccRCC tissues (p<0. 05). Univariate cox regression analysis revealed 43 immune genes statistically correlated with ccRCC related survival risk (P<0.05). In addition, a 18-genes based immune genes risk scoring model was constructed through lasso COX regression analysis. KM curve indicated that patients in high-risk were associated with poor outcomes (p<0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune risk score model was reliable in predicting survival risk (5-year OS, AUC=0.802). Our model showed satisfying AUC and survival correlation in the validation dataset ( 5-year OS AUC=0.705, P<0.001). Furthermore, multivariate cox regression analysis confirmed that the immune risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of ccRCC. A nomogram was established to comprehensively predict the survival of ccRCC patients with the results of multivariate cox regression analysis. Finally, we found that 15 immune genes and risk scores were significantly associated with clinical factors and prognosis, and were involved in multiple oncogenic pathways.Conclusion: Collectively, tumor immune genes played an essential role in the prognosis of ccRCC. Furthermore, immune risk score was an independent predictive factor of ccRCC, indicating a poor survival.
Curcumin Protects Against Cognitive Impairments in a Rat Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Combined with Diabetes Mellitus by Suppressing Neuroinflammation, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis
Authors: Zheng Yaling , Zhang Jiawei , Zhao Yao , Zhang Yaxuan , Zhang Xiaojie , Guan Jian , Liu Yu , Fu Jianliang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

BackgroundChronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is regarded as a high-risk factor for cognitive decline in vascular dementia (VaD). We have previously shown that diabetes mellitus (DM) synergistically promotes CCH-induced cognitive dysfunction via exacerbating neuroinflammation. Furthermore, curcumin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. However, the effects of curcumin on CCH-induced cognitive impairments in DM have remained unknown.MethodsRats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and injected with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ), followed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO), to model DM and CCH in vivo. After BCCAO, curcumin (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally every two days for eight weeks to evaluate its therapeutic effects. Additionally, mouse BV2 microglial cells were exposed to hypoxia and high glucose to model CCH and DM pathologies in vitro. ResultsCurcumin treatment significantly improved DM/CCH-induced cognitive deficits and attenuated neuronal cell death. Molecular analysis revealed that curcumin exerted protective effects via suppressing neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation, regulating the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, alleviating apoptosis, and reducing nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-dependent pyroptosis.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggest that curcumin represents a promising therapy for DM/CCH-induced cognitive impairments.
Alterations and Association of Fecal Microbiota and Amino Acids in&nbsp;Parkinson's Patients
Authors: Yan Zhenzhen , Yang Fan , Cao Jingwei , Ding Wencai , Yan Shi , Shi Wanying , Wen Shirong , Yao Lifen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Intestinal microbiota and amino acids that are one of their metabolites play important roles in the mechanism of pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been reported that the level of amino acids in vivo participate in neurodegeneration by regulating adaptive immune response, while the current researches on alteration of amino acids in intestinal microbiota are still insufficient. Here, we evaluate the correlation between gut microbiota alterations and clinical parameters of PD, amino acid concentrations.Methods: Stool samples from PD and healthy controls were collected for microbiome and targeted metabolome analyses. Results: At the genus level, there was a greater abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in PD patients with more severe motor symptoms. Metabonomics analysis showed that multiple fecal amino acid concentrations in PD patients were decreased. Moreover, the findings that by spearman analysis Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group associated with PD had a significantly negative correlation with phenylalanine (r = -0.488, P < 0.01), tyrosine (r = -0.541, P < 0.01) and isoleucine (r = -0.434, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results not only find Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, a new pro-inflammatory genus of intestinal microbiota in PD, but also reveal that it's related to amino acids. These findings are beneficial to identifying microbial therapeutic targets for PD.
Captivity Reduces Diversity and Shifts Composition of the Brown Kiwi Microbiome
Authors: Juan Priscilla A San , Castro Isabel , Dhami Manpreet Kaur 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCaptive rearing is often critical for animals that are vulnerable to extinction in the wild. However, few studies have investigated the extent at which captivity impacts hosts and their gut microbiota, despite mounting evidence indicating that host health is affected by gut microbes. We assessed the influence of captivity on the gut microbiome of the Brown Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli), a flightless bird endemic to New Zealand. We collected wild (n = 68) and captive (n = 38) kiwi feces at seven sites on the north island of New Zealand. ResultsUsing bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS gene profiling, we found that captivity was a significant predictor of the kiwi gut bacterial and fungal communities. Captive samples had lower microbial diversity and different composition when compared to wild samples. History of coccidiosis, a gut parasite primarily affecting captive kiwi, showed a marginally significant effect. ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate captivity’s potential to shape the Brown Kiwi gut microbiome, but further investigation is needed to elucidate the effects of these differences on welfare.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gastroesophageal Reflux in Symptomatic Very Preterm Neonates
Authors: Hu Yu , Fu Hua , Zhang Cheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives Because of immature development, preterm infants are prone to respiratory and digestive symptoms, such as dyspnea, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia. These symptoms are often observed in infants with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). However, the relationship between GER and these symptoms remains unclear.Methods A cohort of 61 preterm infants born at 32 weeks of gestation or earlier with respiratory or digestive symptoms were retrospectively reviewed. All the preterm infants underwent 24-hour pH-multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring. Clinical data were analyzed using logistic regression analyses.Results Among the 61 symptomatic preterm infants, 34 were positive for pathologic GER with a prevalence of 55.7%. The GER-associated symptoms included apnea (42.6%), cyanosis (19.7%), vomiting (14.8%), pneumonia (9.8%), and poor weight gain (13.1%). These respiratory and digestive symptoms were more frequent in infants with pathologic GER than in those without (p<0.05). The risk factors for GER included severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 6.890; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.125-42.209). Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds reduced the risk of GER (OR, 0.642; 95% CI, 0.457-0.901, p<0.05; OR, 0.234, 95% CI, 0.069-0.794, p<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of GER is high in symptomatic preterm infants. GER aggravates the respiratory and digestive symptoms; however, such symptoms are not always GER-associated. Probiotics and delayed full oral feeds can decrease the prevalence of GER.
A validation study of Perceived Social Support (PSS) of chronic patients in Antiretroviral clinics
Authors: Yousuf Abdilahi , Musa Ramli , Md. Muhammad Lokman , Arifin SitiRoshaidai Mohd 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Perceived Social Support which referred to an individual's extent of satisfaction regarding his/her necessary support, information, and interactions. According to (Procidano, 1983), PSS is a key element for understanding supportive behavior and is assumed to determine its association with depression. This 12-item scale is considered a substantial component that influences the emotional well-being of chronic patients. Hence, this paper is intended to validate the English version of Perceived Social Support among WLHIV. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in WLHIV who attends the ART treatment of selected hospitals. A total of 357 attendees were recruited for a broader mixed-method designed study. The English version of PSS was translated into a national Somali language. The internal consistency was measured to analyze the reliability and Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the validity of the study.Results: The findings of this study reveals that the PSS has shown a good internal consistency with Cronbach alpha greater than 0.60. Based on the principle component analysis, the validity construct of the scale was also measured showing a Varimax rotation of the components was successfully loaded and eigenvalue was greater than 1. Conclusion: This version, Perceived Social Support (PSS) is fit to be introduced in the health institutions for screening the level of support of chronic patients particularly its suitability for applications in the ART treatment services.