bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of magnetic stimulation on differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into neuron
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Xiu Ming , Tian Shan , Lu Rong Rong , Chen Ying , Xie Hong Yu , Yu Ke Wei , Zhang Jing Jun , Wu Jun Fa , Zhu Yu Lian , Wu Yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe effect of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of neural lesions is so far not satisfactory. Magnetic stimulation is a feasible exogenous interference to improve transplantation outcome. However, the effect of magnetic stimulation on the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neuron has not been studied. In this experiment, an in vitro neuron differentiation system from human iPSCs were established and confirmed. Three magnetic stimuli (high frequency [HF], low frequency [LF], intermittent theta‐burst stimulation [iTBS]) were applied twice a day during the differentiation process. Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q‐PCR) were performed to analyze the effect of magnetic stimulation. Neural stem cells were obtained on day 12, manifested as floating neurospheres expressing neural precursor markers. All groups can differentiate into neurons while glial cell markers were not detected. Both Immunofluorescence and PCR results showed LF and iTBS increased the transcription and expression of neuronal nuclei (NeuN). HF significantly increased vesicular glutamate transporters2 transcription while iTBS promoted transcription of both synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95. These results indicate that LF and iTBS can promote the generation of mature neurons from human iPSCs; HF may promote differentiate into glutamatergic neurons while iTBS may promote synapse formation during the differentiation.
LGR6 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chai Tianci , Shen Zhimin , Zhang Zhenyang , Chen Sui , Gao Lei , Zhang Peipei , Lin Wenwei , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundLeucine‐rich repeat–coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) is a marker of the skin, nails, and other types of adult tissue stem cells and has been widely found to be related to the development and progression of a variety of cancer types. The clinical significance and biological function of LGR6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been determined.MethodsThe expression of LGR6 at the transcriptional level was analyzed by searching the TCGA and UCSC data sets. Immunohistochemistry, WB, and q‐PCR were used to detect the expression of LGR6 in ESCC and adjacent normal tissues. LGR6 PPI networks and KEGG pathways were used to analyze the potential biological functions of LGR6.ResultsThe expression of LGR6 in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues and was negatively correlated with the differentiation degree of ESCC and the prognosis of the patients but not closely correlated with the TNM stage of ESCC. PPI networks showed that LGR6 had a close interaction with RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3, and RSPO4. KEGG pathway analysis showed that LGR6 activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway by binding with RSPO ligands to promote the progression of ESCC.ConclusionLGR6 can serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for ESCC.
Efficient no‐glycerol biodiesel production using a novel biotemplated hierarchical porous‐structure CaO(O)
Authors: Tang Ying , Yang Ying , Liu Huan , Li Zhaoyi , Zhang Jie , Zhang Zhifang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to obtain an effective solid base with high surface area and hierarchical distribution of pore size, CaO(O) was synthesized via an exotemplating method, using radish as template and calcium acetate as precursor.RESULTSThe CaO(O) obtained by calcination of the impregnated biomorphic template demonstrated effective catalytic activity for the coupling transesterification of vegetable oil to produce biodiesel under mild reaction conditions using tri‐components (methanol, oil and methyl acetate) as resources. High yield of biodiesel, 98.6%, was obtained with a molar rapeseed oil/methyl acetate/methanol ratio of 1:1:8 under 65 °C at 2 h, which is greatly shorter than 6 h over commercial calcium oxide (CaO).CONCLUSIONVarious techniques including nitrogen physical adsorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TG), carbon dioxide‐chemical adsorption and morphology have been employed to characterize the samples. These results demonstrated that the synthesized CaO derived from plant template has a large surface area and various pore diameter distribution which cause hierarchical basic sites over the solid base. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Facing the challenge of genetic counselors' need for rapid continuing education about genomic technologies
Authors: Farwell Hagman Kelly D. , Lamb Thrush Devon , Freeze Samantha , Dorsainville Darnelle L. , Eichmeyer Jennifer , Banks Kimberly C. ,   The Genomic Technologies Special Interest Group of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe last couple of decades have seen the rapid advancement of genomic technologies (GT) and their equally rapid adoption into clinical testing. Regardless of specialty, all genetic counselors are unified by the fundamental goal to aid in diagnosing patient's genetic disease underscoring the importance for genetic counselors to maintain an in‐depth understanding of GT. The National Society of Genetic Counselors’ (NSGC) GT Special Interest Group conducted an online survey of NSGC members to assess current genomic technologies knowledge gaps. A total of 171 individuals from a variety of primary work settings completed the survey sufficiently to be included in the analysis. The majority of respondents received their degree in genetic counseling in more recent years (2000–2015). On average across all technologies, >70% of respondents deemed knowledge of GTs as important for successful job performance, 55% responded that additional job training in GTs is needed to successfully perform job functions, and only 28% responded that graduate training in GTs was good. Overall, the data show that participating genetic counselors perceive that their knowledge of GTs is inadequate while it is a key component of their jobs. These results have implications both for training programs and for continuing education efforts. These data can be used as a starting point for additional research into GT educational needs of genetic counselors.
Exploring relatives’ perceptions of participation, ethics, and communication in a patient‐driven study for hereditary cancer variant reclassification
Authors: Tsai Ginger J. , Chen Annie T. , Garrett Lauren T. , Burke Wylie , Bowen Deborah J. , Shirts Brian H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEffective communication of genetic information within families depends on several factors. Few studies explore intra‐familial communication of variant of uncertain significance (VUS) results or active collaboration between family members to classify VUS. Our qualitative study aimed to describe the experiences of individuals asked by family members to participate in the FindMyVariant study, a patient‐driven family study which aimed to reclassify a clinically identified familial VUS in a hereditary cancer gene. We collected feedback from 56 individuals from 21 different families through phone interviews and written correspondence, transcribed the interviews, and performed thematic analysis on all text. We describe themes from three main topics: participation, ethical considerations, and study impacts. Participation in the FindMyVariant study, defined as returning a sample for targeted genotyping, was motivated by convenience and a desire to help the family, oneself, and science. Relatives were generally responsive to invitations to participate in FindMyVariant from another family member. Those who declined to participate did so due to concerns about research program confidentiality rather than family dynamics. No major ethical issues arose in response to the patient‐driven study structure, and no major changes in stress and anxiety, medical care, or behavior occurred. Participation in patient‐driven familial VUS classification studies has a neutral or positive impact on family health communication. While it is important to design studies to minimize familial coercion, intra‐familial confidentiality breaches, and misinterpretation of genetic results, these were not major concerns among relatives in this study. Clinicians and laboratories may consider encouraging familial communication about genetic variants using family members as liaisons.
Synthesis and antioxidant assay of new nicotinonitrile analogues clubbed thiazole, pyrazole and/or pyridine ring systems
Authors: Abumelha Hana M.A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA series of novel nicotinonitrile derivatives were synthesized by hybridization with thiazole, pyrazole, and pyridine ring systems using 4‐aminobenzohydrazide as link‐bridge. The synthetic strategy of nicotinonitrile‐thiazole analogues involves cyclization of the precursor N‐phenyl thiosemicarbazide derivative 4 with chloroacetic acid and phenacyl bromide. The reaction of hydrazide 3 with acetylacetone and/or ethyl acetoacetate was applied as a synthetic route for accessing 2‐((4‐(pyrazole‐1‐carbonyl)phenyl)amino)‐nicotinonitrile derivatives 9–10. The 2‐((4‐(4‐thiazolylidene‐pyrazole‐1‐carbonyl)‐phenyl)amino)nicotinonitriles 14–15 were obtained via a nucleophilic addition of pyrazolone 10 to phenyl isothiocyanate followed by cyclization with chloroacetone, phenacyl chloride, and/or ethyl bromoacetate. The 6‐amino‐4‐aryl‐3,5‐dicyano‐2‐oxo‐1‐(4‐substitutedbenzamido)‐pyridines 19 were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation N′‐(2‐cyanoacetyl)‐benzohydrazide derivative 16 with substituted benzaldehydes followed by heating with malononitrile. All synthesized products were evaluated for their antioxidant potentialities using of 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation delcolorization assay. The nicotinonitrile‐thiazole hybrid 6b was found the most promising antioxidant agent with inhibition activity 86.27%.
Synthesis of (1′S*,2R*,3R*)‐ and (1′S*,2R*,3S*)‐N‐arylsulfonyl‐2‐(1′‐halogenethyl)‐3‐methylindolines and their selective toxicity against SH‐SY5Y cell line
Authors: Gataullin Rail R. , Zileeva Zulfia R. , Maksimova Marina A. , Zainullina Liana F. , Vakhitova Yuliya V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractN‐tosyl‐2‐ and N‐tosyl‐4‐halogen‐substituted derivatives of 2‐(1‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)aniline were synthesized and their molecular iodine‐mediated cyclization was investigated. The cyclization upon interaction of N‐tosyl‐6‐methyl‐2‐(1‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)aniline with molecular iodine in methyl tert‐butyl ether or acetonitrile was studied, as well as the interaction of this sulfonamide with N‐bromosucinimide in dichloromethane. Synthesized (2R*,3R*)‐ and (2R*,3S*)‐N‐arylsulfonyl‐2‐(1‐halogenoethyl)‐3‐methylindoline derivatives showed cytotoxic activity against HEK293 cells, SH‐SY5Y, Jurkat, and HepG2 cell lines. The compounds (2R*,3S*)‐N‐arylsulfonyl‐7‐bromo‐2‐(1‐halogenoethyl)‐3‐methylindoline cis‐4a, stereoisomeric (2R*,3R*)‐trans‐4h and (2R*,3S*)‐N‐tosyl‐7‐chloro‐2‐(1‐halogenoethyl)‐3‐methylindoline cis‐4h demonstrated selective toxicity against SH‐SY5Y cell line (IC50 ≈ 3 ÷ 5 μM), and did not affect HEK293, Jurkat, and HepG2 cells.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new coumarin and dicoumarol derivatives
Authors: Regal Mohsen K.A. , Shaban Safa S. , El‐Metwally Souad A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPTC reaction of coumarin derivative 1 with alkyl halides afforded C4 oxygen alkylation products 2a‐d in appreciative yield, whereas with phenyl isothiocyanate gives the C3 addition product 4; also, one‐pot three‐component PTC reaction was investigated. Treatment of coumarin 1 with aromatic aldehydes in different molar ratios gives 3‐arylidene derivatives 7a,b and the dicoumarol derivatives 8a,b. Pyrano chromene 9 and pyrano pyridine 10 were obtained by reaction of arylidene 7a with ethyl acetoacetate through Michael cycloaddition reaction. The stability of pyrone ring in 3‐arylidene 7 and dicoumarol 8 towards different nucleophilic reagents under reflux and/or fusion conditions has been studied by the action of hydrazine hydrate, ammonium acetate, methyl amine, and p‐toluidine afforded compounds 11 and 13a‐c. The antimicrobial activity of some synthesized compounds has been investigated.
Identification of pathways and genes in the process of E6/E7‐induced carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelial cells
Authors: Xia Yang , Li Jintao , Li Shuying , Khodahemmati Sara , Ghaffar Maliha , Chen Su , Sheng Wang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection was associated with some carcinomas, especially malignant tumors in upper digestive tract, upper respiratory tract, and genitourinary system. The mechanism of the viral transformation of normal cells is still not very clear. To investigate the tumorigenesis of epithelial cells, E6/E7‐induced malignant transformation model cells were used for expression profiling analysis by performing RNA expression microarray detection. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to investigate the cellular process changes along with the E6/E7 expression in SHEE cells. The differentially expressed genes were further grouped and uploaded for Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes analysis. The protein‐protein interaction results were visualized. The hub genes and their first‐neighbors genes were selected, followed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. The obtained results demonstrated that tumor‐related biological processes began to emerge during the carcinogenesis process from 48th passage to 76th passage of SHEE cells after E6/E7 expression. Ten hub genes were identified and analyzed during the E6/E7‐induced tumorigenesis. This study explores the gene expression network in the progressive transformation of immortalized esophageal epithelial cells induced by E6/E7 expression. Understanding the biological processes and hub genes that first appear during the transformation will provide some clues to the mechanism of E6/E7‐induced carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelial cells.
Mexiletine shortens the QT interval in a pedigree of KCNH2 related long QT syndrome
Authors: Fujisawa Taishi , Aizawa Yoshiyasu , Katsumata Yoshinori , Kimura Kensuke , Hashimoto Kenji , Yamashita Terumasa , Miyama Hiroshi , Kimura Takehiro , Kosaki Kenjiro , Takatsuki Seiji , Shimizu Wataru , Fukuda Keiichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA 23‐year‐old female had been suffering from recurrent syncopal episodes during sleep since her childhood. She had a family history of sudden death and her QTc interval was remarkably prolonged to 537 ms A Holter ECG revealed torsade de pointes, corresponding to syncope. She was started on mexiletine and her QTc interval shortened. Her symptoms were controlled after β‐blockers and Ca‐blockers were added. A genetic analysis with a next generation sequencer identified a frameshift mutation at the C terminus of the KCNH2 gene. Here we present a type 2 long QT syndrome case in which mexiletine was effective.
One‐mirror, one‐grating spatial heterodyne spectrometer for remote‐sensing Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Egan Miles J. , Acosta‐Maeda Tayro E. , Angel S. Michael , Sharma Shiv K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecently, we evaluated a new type of Fourier transform Raman spectrometer, the spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS), which provides high‐resolution Raman spectra without the need for an entrance slit. An SHRS is a variant of a Michelson interferometer in which the mirrors in the arms of a Michelson interferometer are replaced by two stationary diffraction gratings. Instead of sampling path length differences temporally, as in the case of a Michelson interferometer, SHRS samples path length differences spatially at a two‐dimensional array detector. Applying a Fourier transform to the resulting interferogram recovers the desired spectrum. In the modified SHRS (mSHRS) instrument used in the present work, one of the diffraction gratings has been replaced by a stationary λ/10 mirror. This modification has a few effects. First, the detector records a greater number of photons, as spectral light is not lost into unused diffraction orders in the mirror arm of mSHRS. Second, the free spectral range (wavelength coverage) is doubled, whereas the spectral resolution is cut in half. In this work, the authors present remote‐sensing Raman spectra of minerals, organics, and biomarkers using this mSHRS for the first time.
Reformulation of spray‐dried apple concentrate and honey for the enhancement of drying process performance and the physicochemical properties of powders
Authors: Samborska Katarzyna , Barańska Alicja , Szulc Karolina , Jankowska Ewa , Truszkowska Marzena , Ostrowska‐Ligęza Ewa , Wołosiak Rafał , Szymańska Ewelina , Jedlińska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDApple concentrate and honey were spray‐dried with traditional carriers (maltodextrin, Nutriose®, Kleptose®) and with skimmed milk powder as a carrier substitute offering added value for the final product.RESULTSSkimmed milk powder, although having the lowest glass transition temperature, was the best carrier in terms of the highest powder recovery (higher than 80% was achieved) and with powder physical properties comparable to those obtained with other carriers. Thus, skimmed milk powder was used to produce honey powder of reduced carrier content (to 25% solids). The physical properties of the powders obtained and lower powder recovery indicated more problematic drying of AC. Powders produced with skimmed milk were characterized by enhanced nutritional value compared with variants with traditional carriers.CONCLUSIONThus, skimmed milk is proposed as a natural carrier for spray‐drying, offering high processing yield, the possibility to reduce carrier content in honey powder, and to create products of nutritional added value. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Microbial fermentation of starch‑ or fibre‐rich feeds added with dry or pre‐activated Saccharomyces cerevisiae studied in vitro under conditions simulating high‐concentrate feeding for ruminants
Authors: Amanzougarene Zahia , Tejeda María Pilar , Calvo Héctor , de la Fuente Gabriel , Fondevila Manuel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo study if the effect on fermentation of yeasts added in ruminant diets can be improved, the effect of adding dry (DY) or pre‐activated (AY) Saccharomyces cerevisiae, compared with unsupplemented rumen fluid (CT), on barley grain or sugar beet pulp was evaluated under in vitro high‐concentrate fermentative conditions. Yeasts were pre‐activated by culturing aerobically at 30 °C for 24 h.RESULTSIn Experiment 1, AY showed a higher concentration than DY at 6 h incubation (6.83 versus 5.76 log cfu mL−1; P = 0.007), differences disappearing at 12 h. This was supported by higher gas production with AY, especially on sugar beet pulp. In Experiment 2, incubation pH was 6.24 and 6.31 respectively for barley and sugar beet pulp at 8 h (P < 0.05), but no effect was recorded at 24 h (6.00 and 5.96; P > 0.05). With sugar beet pulp, gas production promoted by AY was the highest (P < 0.05) in the first 8 h of incubation. However, differences with barley were lower and only detected between AY and CT at 12 h (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration at 8 h followed the same trend, but no differences were detected on molar VFAs profile or lactate concentration. Microbial diversity was more affected by the incubation series than by experimental treatments, and inocula including yeasts (AY, DY) did not differ from unsupplemented rumen liquid.CONCLUSIONSWhen pre‐activated, the concentration of S. cerevisiae was initially higher and resulted in higher gas volumes, and more on a fibrous (sugar beet pulp) than a starchy (barley) substrate. The response is apparently quantitative, since no major changes were detected on biodiversity or fermentation profile. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Tourism impact assessment modeling of vegetation density for protected areas using data mining techniques
Authors: Jahani Ali , Goshtasb Hamid , Saffariha Maryam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn protected areas (PAs), the lack of tourism impact prediction models of vegetation is a shortcoming in PA management. Now, the main question are how recovery can be accelerated, or which ecological factors are associated with the rehabilitation of vegetation density? We aimed to compare the multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), and support vector machine (SVM) models to predict tourism impact on land vegetation density changes. Three old national parks in Iran with diversity in tourist pressure and ecological condition were selected for analysis. We recorded 12 ecological and tourist variables in 400 sample plots, which are classified by topography, plot soil, and tourist pressure factors. We developed the tourism impact assessment model (TIAM) by MLP, RBFNN, and SVM techniques. Comparing with RBFNN and SVM, the MLP model (TIAMMLP) is introduced as the most accurate model for vegetation density changes for tourism impact assessment in PAs. The MLP model represents the highest value of R2 in training (.969), test (.806), and all datasets (.876). Sensitivity analysis proved that the values of the tourist pressure, soil organic matters, soil moisture, soil porosity, and soil electrical conductivity are respectively as the most significant inputs, which influence TIAMMLP in PAs. We concluded that habitats with higher organic matter and moisture in the soil would likely tolerate more tourists' pressure. The MLP model, as a tool for PAs managers, is able to predict vegetation density changes under tourism pressure precisely.
Temperature‐Sensitive Amphiphilic Non‐Ionic Triblock Copolymers for Enhanced In Vivo Skeletal Muscle Transfection
Authors: Rasolonjatovo Bazoly , Illy Nicolas , Bennevault Véronique , Mathé Jérôme , Midoux Patrick , Le Gall Tony , Haudebourg Thomas , Montier Tristan , Lehn Pierre , Pitard Bruno , Cheradame Herve , Huin Cécile , Guégan Philippe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt is reported that low concentration of amphiphilic triblock copolymers of pMeOx‐b‐pTHF‐b‐pMeOx structure (TBCPs) improves gene expression in skeletal muscle upon intramuscular co‐injection with plasmid DNA. Physicochemical studies carried out to understand the involved mechanism show that a phase transition of TBCPs under their unimer state is induced when the temperature is elevated from 25 to 37 °C, the body temperature. Several lines of evidences suggest that TBCP insertion in a lipid bilayer causes enough lipid bilayer destabilization and even pore formation, a phenomenon heightened during the phase transition of TBCPs. Interestingly, this property allows DNA translocation across the lipid bilayer model. Overall, the results indicate that TBCPs exhibiting a phase transition at the body temperature is promising to favor in vivo pDNA translocation in skeletal muscle cells for gene therapy applications.