bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards green communication in 5G systems: Survey on beamforming concept
Authors: Mohamed Khalid S. , Alias Mohamad Y. , Roslee Mardeni , Raji Yusuf M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractConnectivity in recent wireless communication is accessible anywhere because of the large footprints of both cellular and WiFi networks. Yet, the broadcasting in wireless technology increases the susceptibility of signals to contemporary challenges such as interference, fading, and distortion. In addition, the energy of signals is lost because of Doppler effects and scattering caused by the obstacles in the channel. The use of smaller base stations, exploitation of higher frequencies and millimetre waves, and the expansion towards massive multiple‐input multiple‐output makes beamforming one of the most important key technologies in fifth generation (5G) systems. Besides the energy efficiency enhancements because of the narrower beamwidths, it reduces the broadcasting probability by adaptively steering the signals towards the targeted receivers while reducing the reception for nearby receiver, that is less interference. It also increases the energy efficiency of the signals because of the narrow beamwidth. In this work, the 5G technology challenges, two of the most known channel models, applications is briefly received. The fundamentals of beamforming technology are also described and provide the necessary information to understand the technology.
Structured controller design for closed‐loop D‐stability in convex/non‐convex regions: Mixed integer‐linear programming approach
Authors: Merrikh‐Bayat Farshad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHere it is assumed that the characteristic function of a linear control system, which is in the form of a polynomial and its coefficients are desired affine functions of unknown parameters of controller, is given. It is also assumed that the transfer function of controller has a desired order and structure. Hence, some of the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial may not depend on some or any of the controller parameters. The main problem under consideration is to calculate the parameters of the controller such that all roots of the characteristic equation lie (if possible) inside the desired D‐stability region, which can be any convex/non‐convex connected/disconnected subset of complex plane. This problem has important applications in control theory. For example, non‐convex D‐stability regions appear when designing a controller for a fractional‐order system is aimed. It is shown that this problem, which is still open even in dealing with general convex regions, is exactly equivalent to a set of linear algebraic equalities/inequalities in mixed real‐integer variables, which can be solved efficiently by using the available software. Application of the proposed method for optimal controller design is also studied and three numerical examples are presented.
Active power dynamic interval control based on operation data mining for wind farms to improve regulation performance in AGC
Authors: Liu Yushan , Wang Lingmei , Chen Liming , Meng Enlong , Jia Huming , Jia Chengzhen , Guo Dongjie , Yin Shaoping 
Published: December 2020

With the real‐time changes of wind speed and operating conditions, it is a challenge to fully tap the active power regulation ability and improve the control performance of automatic generation control (AGC) in a wind farm (WF). The essence of tapping the active power regulation ability is to realise the coordination and complementarity of each wind turbine's (WT's) dynamic adjustment performance (DAP). To address this, a novel data mining method is developed to derive the internal relations between WTs’ output power and pitch angle, impeller speed and pitch angle during the power adjustment process, and a unified mechanism model is established to describe DAP of WTs. Based on the discovered relationship between WTs’ DAP and its operating states, an active power distribution algorithm and a dynamic interval control method are proposed. Then, an active power dynamic interval control strategy that has been implemented using Java script in MyEclipse for WFs is further developed. The control strategy has been tested and applied in a 50 MW WF in northwest China. The preliminary results showed that the control strategy has improved the rapidity and accuracy of AGC in the WF.
Compact patch antenna on thick (>800 μm) NiFe2O4 magnetic film
Authors: He Yuxiao , Drew Eric , John Zhang Z. , Papapolymerou John 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrate a thick magnetic film loaded patch antenna which shows great potential in antenna miniaturisation with enhanced performance. First, a microstrip patch antenna is designed on a 3D‐printed air substrate which operates at 8.21 GHz with a measured realised gain of 8.2 dBi. Using the solution cast chemical method, we fabricate the nickel ferrite nanoparticle films within the air substrate achieving an estimated film thickness of 875–900 μm. Due to the different film thicknesses, the resonant frequency of the antenna shifts down by 0.75–1.75 GHz, indicating a 9.3%–21.3% of size reduction. At the same time, the bandwidth is improved by 0.16–0.25 GHz. The realised gain and efficiency are increased by 0.6 dB and 6%, respectively, given a good film quality.
A new method for processing ultrasonic gas flowmeter signal in wet gas
Authors: Wang Mi , Zheng Dandan , Mei Jianqiang , Mao Yang , Hu Jiayu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGas velocity as an important characteristic parameter of wet gas has become a very active research issue in engineering field. Among many gas velocity measurement techniques, the ultrasonic flowmeter technique is more suitable for actual working conditions. However, the traditional signal processing methods of ultrasonic flowmeter are only proposed for single‐phase gas. In wet gas, the ultrasonic signals fluctuate greatly, are easily distorted and even lost, so the single‐phase ultrasonic signal processing methods are not applicable. Therefore, a new ultrasonic signal DBSCAN clustering synthetic peak method is proposed to solve the above problems. To verify the feasibility of this new proposed method, three real flow experiments are carried out on horizontal pipe at ambient temperature and pressure. Additionally, comparing the gas velocity results using ultrasonic signal double threshold method and ultrasonic empirical model method for single‐phase gas and the new proposed method for wet gas, it is shown that the measurement results using new proposed method accord with the theoretical law and can accurately measure the gas velocity. Furthermore, the three real flow experimental results show that the repeatability of gas velocity in wet gas by the new proposed method is mostly <0.5%.
Influence of water ageing on variation in space charge and thermo‐mechanical properties of epoxy micro‐nano composites
Authors: Babu Myneni Sukesh , Velmurugan Ramachandran , Sarathi Ramanujam , Imai Takahiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWater ageing was carried out with epoxy micro–nano composite specimen. Silica micro particles and ion trapping nano particles were used as filler material in the composite specimens. Water ageing was carried out under room temperature and at 90 °C, to analyse the impact of water intake on space charge accumulation and charge decay characteristics. The threshold for space charge accumulation in epoxy specimens reduces, while the rate of space charge accumulation increases after water ageing. The initial surface potential had a marginal increment and the rate of surface potential decay has reduced significantly after water absorption. Trap distribution characteristics confirm the existence of deeper traps and charge mobility reduction in case of water aged specimens. The dynamic mechanical analysis have confirmed the viscoelastic behaviour of epoxy micro–nano composite specimens, is sensitive to the water absorption. Glass transition temperature of epoxy specimen after water absorption has shifted to lower temperatures due to plasticisation of polymer matrix and ascertained with the reduction in the activation energy. Digital image correlation method has been adopted to determine strain field distribution and displacement of the specimen under mechanical loading. Thermo gravimetric Analysis have confirmed the reduction in thermal stability resulting for water aged specimens.
Transient current effect on the dye sensitized solar cells I–V characterization
Authors: Touihri Ala Eddinne , Azizi Tarek , Gharbi Rached 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA choosing process for the sampling delay in the dye sensitized solar cells I–V characterization method was established. The presented method is based on the stepwise varying bias voltage technique. The analyses were based on the solar cell transient current impact on the cell I–V acquisition. This process presents a method to correctly fix the I–V scan sampling delay concerning the cell settling time to obtain accurate dye sensitized solar cells performance measures. It allows a faster acquisition compared to classical measurement method to avoid the solar cell heating. All tests were performed on a typical TiO2 natural‐dyed solar cell, dedicated to laboratory tests. The cell manufacturing process was also discussed. Measures were operated by a laboratory developed digital acquisition board. The system architecture, as well as its operating algorithm, was presented.
Synthesis of Amidation Agents and Their Reactivity in Condensation Reactions
Authors: Sole Roberto , Agostinis Lodovico , Beghetto Valentina , Conca Silvia , Gatto Vanessa , Bardella Noemi , Morandini Andrea , Buranello Chiara 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNowadays, the development of new approaches which smartly bypass the use of harsh reaction conditions and hazardous chemicals covers a pivotal role. In this research paper the synthesis, characterization, and application of novel libraries of triazine bis-quaternary ammonium salts, employed as coupling agents to produce amides is reported. Full characterization of the novel compounds by 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, ESI-HRMS, and elemental analysis is provided. Furthermore, a comparison in terms of activity of the preformed triazine compounds versus in situ formulations has been evaluated for the formation of amides in the presence of phenylethylamine and different aliphatic or aromatic acids. A possible correlation between the chemical structure of the triazine and their reactivity for the formation of the triazine bis-quaternary ammonium salts is also reported. Moreover, best performing condensation agents have been further tested for the cross-linking of collagen powder as possible wet white tanning systems, for sustainable and environmentally friendly leather tanning.
Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease: When the Development of Arterial Collateral Network Takes Over
Authors: Georgakarakos Efstratios , Katsaros Ioannis , Fiska Aliki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis report describes the collateral pathways that restore arterial circulation in cases of aortoiliac occlusive disease and discusses the clinical and surgical importance of these systemic-systemic, visceral-systemic, and visceral-visceral anastomoses.
Measuring the scope of pro-Kremlin disinformation on Twitter
Authors: Golovchenko Yevgeniy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines the scope of pro-Kremlin disinformation about Crimea. I deploy content analysis and a social network approach to analyze tweets related to the region. I find that pro-Kremlin disinformation partially penetrated the Twitter debates about Crimea. However, these disinformation narratives are accompanied by a much larger wave of information that disagrees with the disinformation and are less prevalent in relative terms. The impact of Russian state-controlled news outlets—which are frequent sources of pro-Kremlin disinformation—is concentrated in one, highly popular news outlet, RT. The few, popular Russian news media have to compete with many popular Western media outlets. As a result, the combined impact of Russian state-controlled outlets is relatively low when comparing to its Western alternatives.
Two-boson quantum interference in time
Authors: Cerf Nicolas J. , Jabbour Michael G. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
We uncover an unsuspected quantum interference mechanism, which originates from the indistinguishability of identical bosons in time. Specifically, we build on the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect, namely the “bunching” of identical bosons at the output of a half-transparent beam splitter resulting from the symmetry of the wave function. We establish that this effect turns, under partial time reversal, into an interference effect in a quantum amplifier that we ascribe to time-like indistinguishability (bosons from the past and future cannot be distinguished). This hitherto unknown effect is a genuine manifestation of quantum physics and may be observed whenever two identical bosons participate in Bogoliubov transformations, which play a role in many facets of physics.
The uncompromising confrontational argumentative style of the spokespersons’ replies at the regular press conferences of
China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Authors: Wu Peng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
According to van Eemeren’s expose about the theoretical notion “argumentative style” (2019: 153–171), each of the four stages of an argumentative exchange in a certain institutional context can have its own
argumentative style, but all of them may well belong to the same general category (for instance, “detached” or “engaged”). As the start of a
broad project investigating argumentative styles used in the spokespersons’ argumentative replies at the regular press conferences of
China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, this paper focuses on the uncompromising confrontational style prototypically used by the spokespersons
in responding to journalists, which is characterized by argumentative moves instrumental in strategies of silencing the other party,
distracting the other party, and pressuring the other party. By means of an analysis of three argumentative replies given by Chinese
spokespersons, this paper shows how this particular confrontational style takes shape and facilitates the spokespersons’ confrontational
maneuvering by being at the same time detached.
The emergent construction of feminist identity in interaction
Authors: Hirschey Marrese Olivia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis case study is an analysis of college-aged womens’ conversations about feminist identity and tracks a shifting attitude among college women with respect to feminist identification. Using conversation analysis, I argue that the interlocutors’ feminist identity is an interactional achievement produced by collaboratively setting aside topics related to feminism. This practice (re)problematizes feminism and maintains hegemonic standards of ‘feminist’ as an identity that needs to be accounted for in conversation. Building onEckert and McConnell-Ginet’s (2013)work on the phrase “I’m not a feminist, but…” I argue that feminist identification may be shifting, as the discourse in the present study fall more in line with “Iama feminist, but…,” producing a‘sort of’ feministidentity. In the discursive process of relevantly setting aside qualities and practices associated with feminism, the interlocutors (re)establish normativity surrounding feminist identity and its enaction in everyday conversation.
Unequal tensions: the effects of the coronavirus pandemic in light of subjective health and social inequality dimensions in Germany
Authors: Ohlbrecht Heike , Jellen Josephine 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
An online survey was conducted in Germany during the lockdown period to assess its psycho-social consequences. A convenience sample N = 2009 (comparable representation of former GDR and West Germany, 71% females) took part in the survey. The results show a negative impact of the corona pandemic on subjective well-being, health and life satisfaction. We also found a lower sense of security and an increase in anxiety. Additional strains follow a social gradient: Most apparent are negative effects on people with low educational background whose general life satisfaction particularly decreased and gender-specific differences in coping with everyday life challenges, this involves in particular mothers, who have to organise childcare and home schooling more often than fathers. Again, while parents generally felt constrained by social consequences of the pandemic, mothers were particularly affected, feeling more often exhausted, nervous and insecure than fathers. However, the crisis had some positives, too: the experience of stress and exhaustion was reduced; the crisis also revealed resources, such as adaptability in dealing with the changed time situation and new opportunities for self-care. The results illustrate that in this time of crisis, the family can be both a place of resilience and retreat as well as a stress factor.
Performance assessment of hexagrid structural system
Authors: Sooriya P , Bushra M A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The progression of innovation and advancement of economy of the world have brought new period of tall structures. Different types of structural systems pose challenges which are being faced by the structural engineers and architects in terms of innovation in structural system. Hexagrid is one among them. This system is adopted in tall buildings due to their structural efficiency and architectural potentials. Hexagrid encloses intersection of diagonal and horizontal or vertical members. This system is very similar to that of diagrid system and is configured by locating hexagons along the periphery of the building. This study aims to compare between hexagrid structural systems with different patterns and to find the optimal pattern which resists the lateral loads in hexagrid structural system. The use of hexagrids in a skyscraper is a relatively new idea. As such, more is yet to be explored in such a system.
Empirical research on strength and durability properties of bottom ash for sustainable concrete practice
Authors: Ashwathi R , Sabarinathan K , Velmurugan S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The prime constituents utilized in the construction field are concrete because of its easy availability and also by considering strength properties and cost-effective factors. It is composed essentially of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and cement, where the fine aggregate manipulated during manufacturing is natural sand. The requirement for sand is thriving due to its abundant utilization in the construction industry, thereby the natural resource is becoming diminished. In sequence to overcome the depletion of sand, empirical research has been done on strength characteristics of concrete with bottom ash to partially counterbalance fine aggregate. Bottom ash is a residue obtained at the thermal power plant by combusting coal. It can be utilised in concrete as a partial replacing material for cement or fine aggregate or coarse aggregate. The practice of bottom ash in construction makes the disposal eco-friendly and hence reduces sand quarrying. In this paper, it is affirmed that bottom ash can partially (15%, 25%, 30%) replace fine aggregates without compromising the qualities of concrete.
Application of lime and GGBS to improve the strength of clayey sand
Authors: Muthu Lakshmi S , Geetha S , Selvakumar M , Sivanesan N , Sreedharan KR 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lot of industrial waste by-products such as fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, paper pulp etc. are generated all over the world leading to environmental degradation and pollution. Utilization of the industrial waste by-products in construction industry will at least reduce the quantity of these wastes that are being dumped in landfills leading to wastage of useful land area. But utilization of these industrial wastes as a construction material or as partial replacement in concrete or soil should not have a negative effect on their properties. Thus a thorough experimental investigation should be carried out before these industrial wastes are utilized in the construction industry. In the present experimental work, an attempt has been made to utilize GGBS along with quick lime to study their effect on the strength characteristics of locally available soil. GGBS was mixed with locally available Clayey Sand (SC soil) along with quick lime to investigate their effect on the UCC strength and soaked CBR strength of the soil. Quick lime was varied in percentages of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% whereas GGBS was varied in percentages of 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% to determine the ideal percentage of lime and GGBS that should be added to SC soil for which maximum UCC strength and soaked CBR strength was attained. From the experimental results, it was found that for soil mixed with lime and GGBS increase in UCC strength and soaked CBR strength of 2.11 times and 7.44 times that of untreated soil was observed respectively.
Analysis of battery management system issues in electric vehicles
Authors: Karkuzhali V , Rangarajan P , Tamilselvi V , Kavitha P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Battery technology has dramatically advanced over a decade and many high performance batteries are being developed. Electric vehicles (EV) require high power batteries with suitable battery management systems (BMS) for safe and reliable operations. Intention of this paper is to discuss about the batteries used in electric vehicles and the key issues of battery management systems and to compare the Lithium ion (Li-ion) battery & Nickel metal hydride battery in terms of aging and effect of temperature using their state of charge (SOC) and open circuit voltage (OCV).
Study of Sensory Characteristics of Poultry Meat Obtained With the Use of Modern Stunning Technology
Authors: Shalginbayev D. B. , Uazhanova R. U. , Antipova L. V. , Baibatyrov T. A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents studies of color and aromatic characteristics of poultry meat samples obtained using the traditional method of stunning (using electric current) and gas stunning. Three samples of poultry meat (broiler) obtained by different methods of stunning different manufacturers are given: Kazakhstan, electrical stunning-1; Russia, gas stunning-2; Russia, electrical stunning -3. The meat was taken from 2 parts of the carcass: the round and the breast. Modern methods of studying color and aromatic characteristics allow to get adequate information about the processes occurring in poultry meat after slaughter and about the influence of stunning methods on the color characteristics and odor of meat. It is noted that the round meat has an identical color for all the studied samples. For breast meat, there is a slight decrease in the proportion of the red component of the color, the meat becomes grayer, while the color intensity of samples 1 and 3 decreases – for sample 1 by 17 %, for sample 3-by 11 %. The breast meat of the sample 2, despite the change in color intensity relative to the round of the same manufacturer, preserved. The results of studying the gas phase over meat samples did not show significant differences in the quality of meat. Comparison of the impact of stunning methods on the quality of meat proves that both methods are effective and contribute to the production of meat of excellent quality.