bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in intact Aksaray Malakli breed dogs: Evaluation of 50 cases
Authors: Avci Nihan , Gumus Fehmiye , Boztok Ozgermen Basak , Ozen Dogukan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesKeratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is characterized by decreased aqueous tear film components, leading to ocular surface damage. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, Schirmer Tear Test (STT1), and Tear Film Break‐Up Time (TFBUT) measurement. This retrospective study aimed to assess dry eye syndrome in intact, purebred, Aksaray Malakli breed dogs, and investigate potential associations with hereditary ocular diseases due to inbreeding for phenotype preservation.AnimalsFifty healthy, purebred, intact Aksaray Malakli dogs of varying ages and sexes, all exhibiting conjunctival hyperemia and mucoid ocular discharge. Dogs with chronic diseases, systemic medication, or ongoing ophthalmic treatment were excluded.ProceduresDemographic data, ophthalmic examination results, and ocular anomalies were recorded. STT1 and TFBUT assessments were performed to measure tear production and film stability. STT1 values were scored from 1 (normal) to 4 (severe dry eye), and TFBUT ≥20 s was considered normal. Statistical analyses were used to evaluate correlations and differences.ResultsThe correlation between age and STT1 values (r = −.182, p = .206) was not statistically significant. Mean STT1 was higher in females than males, though not significantly (p = .849). Dogs without third eyelid gland prolapse had significantly higher STT1 and TFBUT measurements compared to those with prolapse (p = .027). No significant sex difference was found in the frequency of third eyelid prolapse (p = .289). A significant positive correlation was observed between STT1 and TFBUT (r = .924; p < .001).ConclusionsAksaray Malakli dogs, particularly those with third eyelid gland prolapse, are predisposed to mild to moderate KCS. These findings suggest the need for further clinical and genetic investigations to better understand and manage dry eye syndrome in this breed.
The skeletal muscle proteomic determinants of neuromuscular function in young and older women following 8 weeks of resistance training
Authors: O'Leary Mary , Greed Elsa , Pritchard Jack , Struszczak Lauren , Bozbaş Esra , Bowtell Joanna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResistance training (RT) is the gold standard intervention for ameliorating sarcopenia. Outstanding mechanistic questions remain regarding the malleability of the molecular determinants of skeletal muscle function in older age. Discovery of proteomics can expand such knowledge. We aimed to compare the effect of RT on the skeletal muscle proteome and neuromuscular function (NMF) in older and younger women. Seven young (22 ± 6 years) and eight older (63 ± 5 years) women completed 8 weeks’ leg RT. Pre‐ and post‐training, measures of leg and handgrip strength, NMF and vastus lateralis (VL) biopsies were obtained. Tandem‐mass‐tagged skeletal muscle proteomic analyses were performed. Data were analysed using differential expression and weighted gene co‐expression network approaches. Proteins related to skeletal muscle contraction were lower in older skeletal muscle; this was not normalised by RT. Following RT, older women had higher expression of VL mitochondrial biogenesis proteins compared to the young, a reversal of pre‐training observations. Seventy proteins were differentially expressed between age groups. VL expression of these proteins in older women was consistently and significantly associated with poorer leg strength/NMF. Conversely, VL expression of these proteins in older women was often associated with greater handgrip strength. This study has identified important differences in the molecular responses of young and old skeletal muscle to RT. We have demonstrated their close relationship with skeletal muscle function. Proteins that are refractory to RT may represent targets to ameliorate sarcopenia. We have described a ‘proteomic‐function’ relationship that appears to be muscle‐specific. Future research should further unpick these complex relationships.
In real life: a curriculum for developing students’ self-efficacy and outcome expectations through purpose-driven career exploration and planning within a core STEM course
Authors: Foster Krysta , Lambert Lauren , Solomon Rhian , Perkins Haiden , Masani Shahnaz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Career planning and exploration are often seen as “out of class” work—important but separate from disciplinary learning. This separation forces students to find time outside their already demanding schedules and to navigate unfamiliar higher education spaces, creating structural barriers and impeding access to these resources. In an effort to create more equitable access to career exploration and education, we developed the “in real life” (IRL) curriculum to provide students with opportunities to reflect on how their academic experiences align with their broader career goals within the context of their introductory biology course. Grounded in Marcia’s Theory of Identity Development and the Social Cognitive Career Theory, the curriculum includes modules on identifying and articulating professional purpose, developing primary and parallel career plans, constructing resumes, developing interview strategies, and building professional networks. Implemented over two semesters at a large R1 university, the IRL curriculum helped students shift from a destination-driven approach to a purpose-driven approach in relation to their careers, increased their career-related self-efficacy, and gave them a better understanding of career outcome expectations. IRL helps students contextualize how the knowledge and skills from class align with their career paths, emphasizing the importance of bringing career development into a disciplinary learning space.
Satellite Gravimetry in Studies of Permafrost Thawing and Vegetation Productivity in the Cryolithozone
Authors: Kharuk V. I. , Golyukov A. S. , Dvinskaya M. L. , Im S. T. , Petrov I. A. , Shvetsov E. G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Changes in the hydrothermal regime of soils caused by the melting of the permafrost layer are the most important ecological factor in the dynamics of vegetation in the cryolithozone. The impact of soil thawing on the growth index (GI) of larch (Larix spp.) and on the gross and net primary productivity (GPP and NPP) of vegetation in the Arctic region of Central Siberia (sparse forests, tundra, and forest tundra) is investigated. The following hypotheses are tested: (1) gravimetric data allow us to assess the dynamics of water mass in soils; (2) thawing of frozen soils stimulates the growth of woody plants and the productivity of vegetation. This work uses methods of dendrochronology, field data, satellite gravimetry (GRACE survey), and remote sensing of GPP (Terra/MODIS survey). An analysis of gravimetric data has revealed a significant long-term trend of decreasing water mass in soils of the cryolithozone (R2 = 0.68). The amount of water released during melting is estimated at 6.4 ± 2.3 kg/m–2 per year. A close relationship was established between the GI of larch and GPP with moisture anomalies in soils (r = –0.7 and r = –0.9, respectively). The increasing temperature of the root zone and the deficit of water vapor moisture also have a positive effect on the GI of larch and the GPP value of vegetation as a whole (r = 0.6 and r = 0.6–0.9, respectively). It is established that pyrogenic carbon losses are significantly (two orders of magnitude) lower than the NPP value. Under conditions of waterlogged soils, which are typical for the Arctic, climate warming is accompanied by an improvement in the hydrothermal growth regime of the plant cover and contributes to an increase in the productivity of vegetation and the preservation of the cryolithozone status of a carbon sink area.
Prevalence of mistreatment in dogs and cats attended in a private veterinary establishment
Authors: Garcia Rita de Cassia Maria , Leite Luana Oliveira , Soares Nayara Mota Miranda 
Published: December 2024

Animal abuse is considered a crime in Brazil. Veterinarians play an essential role in promoting animal welfare and tackling this crime. The objective was to know the cases of mistreatment of pets attended in veterinary clinics. Of the 10 veterinary clinics invited, only one followed the recommendations and was included. A segmented form was completed in four sections (general animal data, animal behavior, physical inspection of the animals, and the tutor’s conduct towards the animals) for each animal consulted. For three months, 148 animals, 77.70% dogs (115/148) and 22.30% cats (33/148) were treated; the majority had between 0 and 2 years; 66.1% (76/115) of dogs had a defined breed, and 97.0% (32/33) of cats had no defined breed. There was a significant statistical difference between species and breed (χ2 (1)=0.001; P<0.05) and between species and age (χ2 (1)=0.037; P<0.05). The most frequent physical conditions were periodontal disease grade III or IV (16.5% dogs and 3.0% cats), dehydration (7.8% dogs and 18.2% cats), and low body condition score (6.9% dogs and 15.2% cats). There was a significant statistical difference between species and periodontal disease grade III or IV (χ2 (1)=0.047; P=0.046). Regarding the conduct of the person responsible for the animal, the most frequent ones were the refusal of the tutor to perform complementary examinations (5.2% dogs and 18.2% cats) and delay in the search of the veterinarian (6.9% dogs and 3.0% cats). There was a statistical difference between species and refusal of the tutor to perform complementary examinations (χ2 (1)=0.027; P<0.05). The suspicion of mistreatment in dogs was associated with periodontal disease and delay in seeking treatment; in cats, dehydration, and refusal to perform additional tests.
Ferramenta para avaliação do risco de maus-tratos aos animais tutorados por mulheres em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo
Authors: Gonçalves Nicole Muniz Ferreira , Nunes Bruno Pedon , Signorelli Marcos Claudio , Garcia Rita de Cassia Maria 
Published: December 2024

Several researchers have already highlighted interpersonal violence related to animal abuse. Animal abuse can be a consequence of interpersonal violence or occur concomitantly with it. In situations involving violence against women by an intimate partner, pets are threatened and abused as a way of intimidating, punishing, or controlling the victim, especially when there is a strong bond between the animal and its owner. This study aimed to build a structured instrument to assess the risk of abuse to which a companion animal tutored by a woman in a situation of violence is exposed, based on the questions presented in a questionnaire to identify animal abuse of women in situations of intimate partner violence, in addition to scientific basis related to the topic. In the form of a questionnaire, the proposed tool is made up of nine statements and five possible answers, aiming to measure how close the relationship between the pet and the woman is, the threats or attacks that the animal has already suffered, and the frequency of drug use by the aggressor. 1 (one) point was assigned for “completely disagree,” 2 (two) points for “partially disagree,” 3 (three) points for “I don’t know how to answer,” 4 (four) points for “partially agree” and 5 points for “I totally agree.” According to the score assigned, the animal’s risk of being mistreated was categorized as low (9 to 18 points), medium (19 to 28 points) or high (29 to 45 points). Each statement has the same weight but is presented in order of increasing severity. Less alarming situations are presented at the beginning of the questionnaire, and more serious ones, such as the actual death of the animal or the woman’s feeling that her attacker can kill her, are presented at the end. The tool must be tested and adequate to effectively measure the abuse risk that a companion animal tutored by a woman in a situation of violence is exposed to.
Predictors of sepsis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Gabada Wafaa R. , Yousef Aida M. , Ali Raed E. , Tohlob Mohamed A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Viral sepsis has been suggested as a precise term to define multisystem dysregulated immune response and clinical sequelae in severe and critical COVID-19 cases. This work aimed to determine predictors of sepsis in those patients and to report their outcomes.

Methodology
This prospective observational clinical study took place on 120 patients aged more than 18 years old, both genders, and hospitalized patients with laboratory-verified SARS CoV-2 infection. Enrolled patients were allocated into two groups: sepsis group (n = 49) and no sepsis group (n = 71).

Results
COVID-19 severity, National Early Warning Score (NEWS) risk, and Quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score were significantly elevated in sepsis group. Glasgow Coma Scale was significantly reduced in sepsis group (P < 0.05). Mortality, length of hospital stay, ICU admission, and ventilatory support were significantly higher in sepsis group (P < 0.05). Serum procalcitonin was significantly elevated in sepsis group (P < 0.05). Serum procalcitonin can significantly predict sepsis at cutoff > 0.5 µg/L with 89.8% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pH (decreased in sepsis group), heart rate (HR), platelets count, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), qSOFA score, serum procalcitonin, and duration of hospitalization (increased in sepsis group) were independent predictors of sepsis.

Conclusions
In COVID-19 patients, decreased SBP, DBP, MAP, and pH while increased HR, respiratory rate, platelets, LDH, ESR, qSOFA score, serum procalcitonin, and duration of hospitalization were found to be independent predictors of sepsis.
Prevalence and Distribution of Unexpected Actionable Germline Pathogenic Variants Identified on Broad-Based Multigene Panel Testing Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: Landry Kara K. , DeSarno Michael J. , Kipnis Lindsay , Barquet Ramos Farid , Breen Katelyn M. , Patton Kaleigh , Morrissette Audrey , Buehler Ryan M. , Ukaegbu Chinedu , Rohanizadegan Mersedeh , Yurgelun Matthew B. , Syngal Sapna , Rana Huma Q. , Garber Judy E. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
In patients with a variety of malignancies undergoing multigene panel testing (MGPT), we examined the frequency of a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant (PV) that would not have been predicted on the basis of the patient's personal and family history of cancer.

METHODS
This is a retrospective review of patients with cancer ascertained from a single academic cancer center who underwent broad-based MGPT of ≥20 cancer predisposition genes not selected on the basis of personal or family cancer history from 2015 to 2021. Low-penetrance variants and recessive inheritance genes were excluded. Deidentified pedigrees were analyzed to determine clinical suspicion of PV.

RESULTS

MGPT was performed on 10,975 patients with cancer: 1,134 (10.3%) were found to have ≥1 PV in a moderate or highly penetrant cancer susceptibility gene. Three hundred seven (2.8%) of the PVs were not predicted on the basis of patient's personal cancer history alone, and 192 (1.7%) remained unsuspected after patient's cancer diagnosis and review of family cancer histories were considered. Unexpected PVs accounted for 16.9% of the 1,134 patients with a moderate- or high-penetrance PV. Most frequent unexpected variants were
MITF
(n = 18),
PMS2
(n = 18),
ATM
(n = 17),
BRIP1
(n = 17),
HOXB13
(n = 14),
SDHA
(n = 12),
CHEK2
(n = 11),
BRCA2
(n = 7),
MSH6
(n = 7),
SDHC
(n = 7),
PALB2
(n = 6), and
TP53
(n = 6). Low-penetrance or recessive variants were found in 519 (4.7%) patients. Variants of uncertain significance were found in 3,775 (34.4%).

CONCLUSION
In patients with cancer, MGPT identified a rate of 1.7% PV in unexpected actionable cancer predisposition genes. Findings were more often unexpected (2.8%) when considering only the patient cancer history. These findings may justify consideration of broader MGPT panels in patients with cancer, given implications for subsequent surveillance, cascade testing, and treatment options dependent on specific findings.
Ethics for Data Ownership in Social Science Funded Research
Authors: Sukarieh Mayssoun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Over the last few years, there has been a resurgence of interest in addressing the problematic politics and ethics of global North/global South relations within social science research projects. This essay outlines the ethical concerns arising from the funded research in the Middle East, drawing attention to the relation between research and researched, outlining practices of power relations, positionality, and identity and insisting that these must be addressed within the context of an unequal global division of labor when it comes to social science research. It ends with some suggestions of a way forward to overcome these problems such as the democratization of data and funding transparency.
Theory-Based Decisions: Foundations and Introduction
Authors: Felin Teppo , Gambardella Alfonso , Zenger Todd 
Published: December 2024

Theories are foundational for decision making. We point to a normative agenda that emphasizes the need for decision makers—including managers, firms, entrepreneurs, and startups—to develop their own theories. Our argument is that decision makers should be like scientists and use the scientific method—theories, causal reasoning, and experimentation—to problem solve and generate new data and value. In this paper and special issue introduction, we discuss the foundations of the theory-based view (TBV), particularly as it relates to forward-looking reasoning and decision making under uncertainty. Rather than handing prescriptive theories to others, the goal of the TBV is to provide the scaffolding for economic actors themselves to develop their own, idiosyncratic theories. Theories are built on heterogeneous beliefs and causal reasoning that enable the generation of unique paths to value. We discuss the implications of this argument for key theories within strategy and economics, along with highlighting research opportunities at the nexus of the TBV and topics such as learning, entrepreneurship, finance, ownership and leadership. We also introduce the special issue papers and discuss their contributions to the TBV. Funding: We appreciate ION Management Science Laboratory at Bocconi for funding the special issue conference and related activities. A. Gambardella also acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [Grant 101021061].
Competing or complementary?: Socio-technical imaginaries of a bio-based construction sector
Authors: Fischer Lennart , Losacker Sebastian 
Published: December 2024

The construction sector needs to transition toward using bio-based building materials in order to reduce its negative environmental impact. However, it is unclear how exactly such a bio-based future will look like, with different stakeholders in different geographical contexts having different visions of the sector’s future. Based on an extensive collection of expert interviews with stakeholders from the construction industry in China, India, Italy, and Germany, we have identified six primary visions. These are characterized by variations in their socio-technical logics, including preferred materials, targeted market segments, economic characteristics, and stage of development. While many visions appear to be complementary in principle, our findings also reveal conflicts, which are often socially constructed. These conflicts may impede the transition toward a bio-based construction sector, as certain visions may delegitimize alternative uses of bio-based materials.
Impact of early clinical exposure and preclinical tutorial guide on undergraduate dental students in Shanghai
Authors: Xie Jiahui , Cao Xia , Jiang Lingyong , Zhu Min , Wang Xudong , Cai Ming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the impact of early clinical exposure courses and a preclinical tutorial guide on the academic performance of undergraduate dental students.

Methods
The early clinical exposure curriculum was carried out at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. A total of 364 students participated in this study. Seventy six clinicians from different sub-specialties volunteered as tutors. Two detailed questionnaires were administered separately to investigate the students’ and tutors’ opinions on the project. The results from students were gathered and further compared between the experimental group (n=253) who went through the curriculum and the control group (n=111) who did not. The tutors were asked to evaluate the students’ performance based on their observations.

Results
The results can be classified into two key categories: the evaluation of teaching outcomes and the appraisal of course arrangements. While students in the experimental group acknowledged and applauded the curriculum, all students in the control group showed a willingness to participate in the course. The tutors affirmed the effectiveness of the course and the students’ progress.

Conclusions
The combination of early clinical exposure and a preclinical tutorial system may extend conventional courses. The feedback provided in this study demonstrates the effectiveness of the curriculum, and some improvements are expected.
Carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide versus carboplatin combined with docetaxel treatment for LACC: A randomized, open-label, phase II clinical study
Authors: Li Sijin , Zhang Yawen , Li Haiying , He Zeyang , Li An , Yan Jiao , Li Daocheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study compared the efficacy and safety of carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide versus carboplatin combined with docetaxel in treating locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).

Methods
A total of 48 patients were enrolled between January 2019 and December 2022 and randomly assigned to the experimental group (carboplatin + arsenic trioxide, n = 24) or control group (carboplatin + docetaxel, n = 24). The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, and serological markers were analyzed.

Results
There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics or total effective rates between the two groups (72.22% vs 68.42%, P > 0.05). Both groups showed significant reductions in serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels after chemotherapy (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between groups (6.00 ± 11.36 ng/mL vs 8.42 ± 12.17 ng/mL, P > 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Arsenic trioxide combined with carboplatin as a preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for LACC is not worse than docetaxel combined with carboplatin in terms of short-term efficacy and safety during the treatment of LACC.