bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for auricular hematoma and recurrence after drainage
Authors: Dalal Prarthana J. , Purkey Matthew R. , Price Caroline P. E. , Sidle Douglas M. 
Published: October 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo review an institutional experience with auricular hematoma across all clinical settings including the emergency department (ED) and outpatient clinics at an urban tertiary care academic hospital, characterize practice patterns across setting and specialty, and assess for factors predictive of treatment success.MethodsPatients presenting to the ED, admitted to an inpatient ward, or seen in the outpatient setting between 2000 and 2017 with a diagnosis of auricular hematoma were reviewed. A number of relevant patient features including demographic factors, medications, and social risk factors were analyzed, as were several factors related to the presentation and management of the hematoma to identify variables of clinical significance.ResultsA total of 87 individual cases were identified. Auricular hematomas most commonly occurred in males after sports‐related trauma (e.g., martial arts, wrestling, boxing). Factors associated with lower rates of recurrence included initial treatment by or in consultation with an otolaryngologist and application of a bolster dressing.ConclusionsIn our cohort, initial management of auricular hematoma by an otolaryngologist or with an otolaryngology consultation and placement of a bolster dressing was associated with lower rates of hematoma recurrence.Level of Evidence2bLaryngoscope, 130:628–631, 2020
Cyclic Voltammetric Study of CuO Thin Film Electrodes Prepared by Automatic Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Kambale Sandesh V. , Jadhav Amar L. , Kore Rohan M. , Thakur Amarsingh V. , Lokhande Balkrishna J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work deals with the study of effect of scan rate on the cyclic voltammetric performance of cupric oxide (CuO) electrodes prepared using automatic spray pyrolysis. For the synthesis via aqueous route, 50 mL of 1 m Cu(NO3)2·3H2O was used as a precursor solution and stainless steel (SS) plates were used as a conducting substrates. The spray rate was maintained at 2.5 mL min–1, decomposition temperature was kept at 673.15 K. In the analysis, XRD patterns clearly substantiate the formation of CuO on SS. Cyclic voltammetric analysis of the prepared electrodes has been carried out in 1 m KOH at various scan rates from 2 to 100 mV s–1. In CV study, electrode shows decrease in specific capacitance (SC) values with increase in scan rates indicating reversible nature. The achieved highest value of the SC is 58.2 F g–1.
Long noncoding RNA ADAMTS9‐AS2 suppresses the progression of esophageal cancer by mediating CDH3 promoter methylation
Authors: Liu Donglei , Wu Kai , Yang Yang , Zhu Dengyan , Zhang Chunyang , Zhao Song 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the biology of esophageal cancer via mRNA degradation or translational inhibition. CDH3 is also aberrantly expressed in numerous cancers. This study was conducted with the hypothesis that ADAMTS9‐AS2 or CDH3 methylation plays a role in esophageal cancer cell activity and in vivo development. Firstly, mRNA levels of ADAMTS9‐AS2 and CDH3 in esophageal cancer tissues and cells were detected by reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Afterward, esophageal cancer OE21 cells were treated with overexpression of ADAMTS9‐AS2, siRNA against ADAMTS9‐AS2, overexpression of CDH3 and demethylating agent 5‐aza‐dc. The biological functions of esophageal cancer OE21 cells were assayed to define the regulatory mechanisms of ADAMTS9‐AS2 in esophageal cancer. The interactions among ADAMTS9‐AS2, DNMT1/DNMT3 (A/B) and CDH3 were detected by MSP, RNA pull‐down, RIP, and ChIP assays. The in vitro findings were reproduced in nude mice to explore the role of ADAMTS9‐AS2 in the development of esophageal cancer in vivo. Esophageal cancers expressed low levels of ADAMTS9‐AS2 and high levels of CDH3. Methylation of CDH3 promoter was induced by ADAMTS9‐AS2 via DNMT1/DNMT3 (A/B). Furthermore, proliferation, invasion, and migration of esophageal cancer cells were inhibited by ADAMTS9‐AS2 via downregulation of CDH3. Suppressed esophageal cancer development in vivo was also detected after ADAMTS9‐AS2 overexpression. Overexpressed ADAMTS9‐AS2 aids in the suppression of esophageal cancer development, which is achieved via inducing CDH3 promoter methylation.
Compact omnidirectional three‐port MIMO antenna with the same vertical polarization for WLAN applications
Authors: Deng Changjiang , Shi Binlong , Liu Di 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this letter, a compact three‐port MIMO antenna with omnidirectional radiation patterns is presented for indoor WLAN applications. The proposed antenna consists of five identical monopoles, one is placed at the center and the other four are sequentially rotated around the center. The central monopole is fed by a microstrip line directly. The other four monopoles are fed by a two‐port feed network that can provide four outputs with equal amplitudes. The phases are progressively increasing in clockwise or anticlockwise direction, depending on the exciting port. All the three ports can generate omnidirectional radiation patterns with the same vertical polarization. The port isolation among the three ports is analyzed in detail. In 2.4 GHz band, the measured port isolation is higher than 15 dB.
An extended formulation for the 1‐wheel inequalities of the stable set polytope
Authors: de Vries Sven , Friedrich Ulf , Perscheid Bernd 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe 1‐wheel inequalities for the stable set polytope were introduced by Cheng and Cunningham. In general, there is an exponential number of these inequalities. We present a new polynomial size extended formulation of the stable set relaxation that includes the odd cycle and 1‐wheel inequalities. This compact formulation allows one to polynomially optimize over a polyhedron instead of handling the separation problem for 1‐wheel inequalities by solving many shortest walk problems and relying on the ellipsoid method.
The impact of Argo observations in a global weakly coupled ocean–atmosphere data assimilation and short‐range prediction system
Authors: King Robert R. , Lea Daniel J. , Martin Matthew J. , Mirouze Isabelle , Heming Julian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Argo array is a large component of the ocean observing system on which operational ocean forecasts rely. Global observations of the sub‐surface temperature and salinity from Argo enables the accurate initialisation of ocean forecasts, improving the position of currents and the overall energy available for air–sea interactions. Such constraints on the sub‐surface ocean are important for coupled initialisation for seasonal forecasting where the atmosphere is coupled to the upper ocean. As operational centres move toward using coupled atmosphere–ocean models for numerical weather prediction (NWP), it is useful to understand how ocean observations contribute to short‐range coupled forecasts. Using the Met Office Weakly Coupled Data Assimilation system, we have run Observing System Experiments (OSEs) to investigate the effect of withholding Argo observations on short‐range coupled ocean–atmosphere analyses and forecasts. Withholding Argo significantly increases the sub‐surface temperature and salinity RMS errors with consequent changes in the upper ocean heat content and positions of currents. Overall, there is little systematic impact of these ocean differences on global atmosphere analyses. However, in a case‐study over the period of hurricane Sandy (October 2012), we do see that Argo observations have some impact on atmospheric forecasts. The assimilation of Argo observations affects the position of the Gulf Stream leading to a small effect on the position and intensity of hurricane Sandy as it made landfall. As the resolution of the system is quite low compared to operational NWP systems, seeing even a small impact is encouraging. We might expect with future increased‐resolution coupled models that this influence of ocean observations on the atmosphere would only increase.
Sperm morphology and count vary with fine-scale changes in local density in a wild lizard population
Authors: Kustra Matthew C. , Kahrl Ariel F. , Reedy Aaron M. , Warner Daniel A. , Cox Robert M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Given that sperm production can be costly, theory predicts that males should optimally adjust the quantity and/or quality of their sperm in response to their social environment to maximize their paternity success. Although experiments demonstrate that males can alter their ejaculates in response to manipulations of the social environment and studies show that ejaculate traits covary with social environment across populations, it is unknown whether individual variation in sperm traits corresponds to natural variation found within wild populations. Using an island population of brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei), we tested the prediction that sperm traits (sperm count, sperm morphology, sperm velocity) respond to natural variation in the risk of sperm competition, as inferred from the local density and operational sex ratio (OSR) of conspecifics. We found that males living in high-density areas of the island produced relatively larger sperm midpieces, smaller sperm heads, and lower sperm counts. Sperm traits were unrelated to OSR after accounting for the covariance between OSR and density. Our findings broaden the implications of sperm competition theory to intrapopulation social environment variation by showing that sperm count and sperm morphology vary with fine-scale differences in density within a single wild population.
FocusCP – rehaKIND
Authors: Strobl Walter Michael 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im deutschen Sprachraum leben etwa 80.000 Kinder mit Zerebralparesen mit Bedarf für eine dauerhafte, hochspezialisierte medizinisch-therapeutisch-orthopädietechnische Betreuung und Versorgung. All diese Aufgaben sind nur durch ein eng mit dem betroffenen Kind, seiner Familie und Bezugspersonen zusammenarbeitendes Expertenteam möglich. Damit diese Kooperation zum Wohl des Kindes funktioniert, muss eine gemeinsame Sprache erlernt werden. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, hatten sich in Deutschland die wissenschaftlichen FocusCP-Kongresse aus einem Zusammenschluss der Neuropädiatrie, Kinderorthopädie und Sozialpädiatrie entwickelt. Parallel dazu entstand RehaKIND als patientennahe Organisation mit dem Ziel, allen betroffenen Kindern und Familien den Zugang zur richtigen Hilfsmittelversorgung und Rehabilitation zu erleichtern. Der Zusammenschluss dieser Institutionen führte nun zu einem gemeinsamen Kongress, dessen Erfolg den richtigen Weg in die Zukunft zu weisen scheint. Vom 6. bis 9. Februar 2019 fand in Fürstenfeldbruck bei München der erste kombinierte Kongress von FocusCP und rehaKIND mit 1300 Teilnehmern, 150 Vortragenden und 60 Ausstellern statt. Sehr viele Expertinnen und Experten und Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer aus dem Therapiebereich, der Medizin und der Orthopädie- und Rehabilitationstechnik aus den deutschsprachigen Ländern konnten von den beiden Kongresspräsidenten, dem Neuropädiater Prof. Dr. Florian Heinen aus München und dem Kinderorthopäden Prof. Dr. Walter Strobl aus Wien, zum Austausch zusammengeführt werden. Das dreieinhalbtägige Programm umfasste wissenschaftliche Sitzungen, patienten- und praxisorientierte Vorträge sowie eine Reihe von Workshops und, um bei der Vielzahl an parallel stattfindenden Sitzungen den Teilnehmern zu helfen, den Überblick zu behalten, jeweils am Tagesende gemeinsame Zusammenfassungen aller Themen.
The case for plural PBL: an analysis of dominant and marginalized perspectives in the globalization of problem-based learning
Authors: Frambach Janneke M. , Talaat Wagdy , Wasenitz Stella , Martimianakis Maria Athina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The globalization of problem-based learning (PBL) in health professions education has been both celebrated and criticized. Using a critical narrative review approach, underpinned by our archive of global PBL literature and a targeted literature search, we analyze these dominant global discourses of PBL in health professions education. More precisely, we explore what is missed when the globalization of PBL is theorized either as a positive consequence of standardization, or a problematic spread of Western educational ideals and values around the world. We make visible how two dominant global discourses, a universalist and culturalist discourse, have emerged in the global proliferation of PBL. We also discuss the limitations of the two discourses by demonstrating how they either ignore contextual and cultural diversity or see it as problematic. We then turn to a perspective that has been marginalized in the PBL literature that emphasizes the global origins of PBL, transcending the dichotomy between West and non-West. We make a case for relating to PBL as a plural construct in order to learn from the cultural and situational nuances of educational activities labeled PBL around the world. We argue that PBL as a singular and universal concept has no global future, yet versions of PBL may continue to thrive locally. Finally, we propose avenues for future research that may help elucidate the global and local values that underpin our curricula, as well as the socio-political factors that perpetuate neo-colonialist views and practices in the uptake and implementation of PBL approaches across the globe.
Dissolution of cellulose using a combination of hydroxide bases in aqueous solution
Authors: Swensson Beatrice , Larsson Anette , Hasani Merima 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn order to further understand the role of the cation when dissolving cellulose in aqueous solutions of hydroxide bases, different bases were combined in solution. Up to 5 wt.% of microcrystalline cellulose was dissolved using a combination of NaOH and the organic base tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) in water at low temperatures. Thermoscans of solutions containing both NaOH(aq) and TMAH(aq) indicated that cellulose interaction with TMAH seems to be favoured over NaOH. Dynamic rheology measurements of the solutions revealed that combining the two bases delayed gelation significantly when compared to cellulose dissolved in NaOH(aq) or TMAH(aq) alone. Intrinsic viscosity of cellulose in the combined NaOH- and TMAH(aq) solutions was slightly higher than that of the single-base solutions, indicating a slight increase in solvent quality. This shows that combining bases may lead to synergies that improve solvent stability without requiring the use of other additives.Graphic abstract
Situational Correlates of Adolescent Substance Use: An Improved Test of the Routine Activity Theory of Deviant Behavior
Authors: de Jong Ellen , Bernasco Wim , Lammers Marre 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives
To test the routine activity theory of deviance, we assess whether adolescents are most likely to use substances while they are involved in unstructured activities, in the presence of peers and in the absence of authority figures. We also test whether these situational factors interact.

Methods
A time use instrument was applied to collect hour-by-hour information on activities and substance use from a sample of adolescents. To control for potential confounders, the effects of the three situational factors on substance use were estimated with fixed-effects logit models.

Results
The findings show that adolescents’ substance use takes place during unstructured activities, when peers are present, and when authority figures are absent, and that these situational factors are not strengthened by each other.

Conclusions
Supporting the routine activity theory of deviance, we conclude that unstructured activity, peer presence and absence of authority figures are situational factors that facilitate substance use. In contrast to what the theory proposes, and relevant for parents and professionals, these factors function independently and need not all be present simultaneously for deviant behavior to occur.
The Influence of Underlying Stresses from Environmental Hazards on Resilience in Bangladesh: A System View
Authors: Lake Philip , Fenner Richard 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Bangladesh is one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change, while its people also suffer from a range of environmental hazards linked to the growing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. These diseases are responsible for increasing morbidity and mortality and lead to other stresses within the population. Such stresses create continuous impacts on the health and well-being of the population, compounding their vulnerability and inhibiting their capacity to cope with frequent event-related shocks, such as floods and drought. A systems approach is taken to examine four important environmental hazards in Bangladesh—arsenic contamination of drinking water, arsenic transmission through the food chain, indoor air quality, and air pollution. A review of these hazards is presented in a conceptual framework that links human well-being with the key system components of infrastructure, institutions, knowledge, and behavior. This reveals key underlying factors between the hazards and uncovers system structures that can lead to more effective hazard mitigation, and the establishment of strategic intervention points. The article concludes that elimination of these continuous stresses will only come about through the culmination of multiple interventions over time, undertaken in an iterative manner that builds on the continual advancement of hazard understanding. The role of individual behaviors, together with factors such as risk awareness and perception of the hazards, has been identified as crucial for achieving successful mitigation solutions. Improved knowledge of the hazards, public awareness, and government accountability are focus points to reduce population exposure and enhance response capacity.
Pupils and worldview expression in an integrative classroom context
Authors: Åhs Vesa , Poulter Saila , Kallioniemi Arto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore pupil perspectives on religions and worldviews in a mutual integrative space of religious and worldview education in a Finnish context. Analysing group interview data (N = 38) gathered from lower secondary school pupils attending mutual classes of religious and worldview education, the article explores how religious and non-religious worldviews can be explored in order to enhance subjectification in worldview education. The findings indicate that for pupils, the heterogeneity and lived dimensions reflected in personal worldviews, and questions relating to meaning, emotion and individuality in worldviews, are at the forefront in learning from religions and worldviews. The experiences of the pupils indicate that the concepts employed in religious and worldview education concerning religions and worldview phenomena should be examined critically in the light of the personal meaning making level of the pupils themselves.
Genetic analysis of grain yield and agronomic traits of early provitamin A quality protein maize inbred lines in contrasting environments
Authors: Obeng-Bio E. , Badu-Apraku B. , Ifie B. E. , Danquah A. , Blay E. T. , Annor B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEarly-maturing provitamin A (PVA) quality protein maize (QPM) hybrids with combined drought and low soil nitrogen (low-N) tolerance are needed to address malnutrition and food security problems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The current study's objectives were to (i) examine combining ability of selected early maturing PVA-QPM inbreds for grain yield and other agronomic traits under drought, low-N, optimal environments and across environments, (ii) determine gene action conditioning PVA accumulation under optimal environments, (iii) classify inbreds into heterotic groups and identify testers and (iv) assess yield and stability of hybrids across environments. Ninety-six hybrids generated from 24 inbred lines using the North Carolina Design II together with four commercial hybrid controls were evaluated under drought, low-N and optimal environments in Nigeria in 2016 and 2017. Fifty-four selected hybrids were assayed for PVA carotenoid and tryptophan content. Additive genetic effects were greater than non-additive effects for grain yield and most agronomic traits under each and across environments. The gene action conditioning accumulation of PVA carotenoids under optimal growing conditions followed a pattern similar to that of grain yield and other yield-related traits. The inbred lines were categorized into four heterotic groups consistent with the pedigree records and with TZEIORQ 29 identified as the best male and female tester for heterotic group IV. No tester was found for the other groups. Hybrid TZEIORQ 24 × TZEIORQ 41 was the highest yielding and most stable across environments and should be further tested for consistent performance for commercialization in SSA.
Risk management with Tail Quasi-Linear Means
Authors: Bäuerle Nicole , Shushi Tomer 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe generalise Quasi-Linear Means by restricting to the tail of the risk distribution and show that this can be a useful quantity in risk management since it comprises in its general form the Value at Risk, the Conditional Tail Expectation and the Entropic Risk Measure in a unified way. We then investigate the fundamental properties of the proposed measure and show its unique features and implications in the risk measurement process. Furthermore, we derive formulas for truncated elliptical models of losses and provide formulas for selected members of such models.
Genotyping of STR and DIP–STR Markers in Plasma Cell-Free DNA for Simple and Rapid Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Zygosity of Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Dziennik Agnieszka , Preis Krzysztof , Świątkowska-Freund Małgorzata , Rębała Krzysztof 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDue to the high rate of complications, special medical care must be provided especially for monozygotic twin pregnancies, which are characterized as having 2.5 times higher mortality of fetuses. In recent years, examination of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) circulating in maternal plasma has become a useful noninvasive method of prenatal diagnosis. However, fetal DNA constitutes only 3–20% of plasma cfDNA during pregnancy. Short tandem repeats (STRs) are routinely used in forensic examination of DNA mixtures and are able to identify 5% minority components. Haplotypes of deletion/insertion polymorphisms and STRs (DIP–STRs) are able to detect even 0.1% minority components of DNA mixtures. Thus, STRs and DIP–STRs seem to be a perfect tool for detection of fetal alleles in DNA isolated from maternal plasma. Here, we present a novel noninvasive prenatal diagnosis technique of determination of pregnancy zygosity based on examination of feto-maternal microchimerism of plasma cfDNA with the use of STRs and DIP–STRs. Our preliminary results based on 22 STR loci showed 67% sensitivity, 100% specificity and 82% accuracy for prenatal detection of twin dizygosity. The corresponding values for seven DIP–STRs were 13%, 100% and 54%, respectively. Owing to assay performance, low DNA input requirements, low costs (below 10 USD per patient) and simplicity of analysis, genotyping of STR/DIP–STR markers in maternal plasma cfDNA may become a useful supplementary test for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of twin zygosity in cases when chorionicity and zygosity cannot be reliably determined by ultrasound examination and prognostic value may be provided by a DNA test determining pregnancy zygosity.