bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflexionen und Analysen zu Geschlecht, Gender und Diversität in der Palliativmedizinischen Forschung – Wie können wir Intersektionalität in unserer wissenschaftlichen Praxis umsetzen?
Authors: Verdonk Petra , Gawinski Laura , Herbst Franziska A. , Ewertowski Helen , van Baal Katharina , Schrader Sophie , Zimansky Manuel , Afshar Kambiz , Schneider Nils , Stiel Stephanie 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Intersektionalität beschreibt die Zusammenhänge unterschiedlicher Formen und Dimensionen von Diversität. Intersektionale Ansätze können helfen, Forschungsergebnisse zu erklären, deren Validität zu verbessern und wirksame Gesundheitsprogramme abzuleiten.
Ziel Der Beitrag hat zum Ziel aufzuzeigen, wie Intersektionalität in die Forschung implementiert werden kann.
Methoden In einem Workshop wurde ein Fall aus einer Feldbeobachtung intersektionell nach einem Modell von Bilge analysiert. Reflexionen wurden verschriftlicht und in einem iterativen Prozess ergänzt.
Ergebnisse Drei zentrale Themen wurden identifiziert: (1) Autonomie und Würde im Umgang mit der Körperlichkeit und Nacktheit einer Patientin, (2) professionelle Interaktionen am Beispiel fehlender gemeinsamer Entscheidungsfindung und Behandlungsplanung sowie (3) Reflexivität am Beispiel voreingenommener Perspektiven der Akteure.
Schlussfolgerungen Die verwendete Methodologie kann dazu dienen, Sensibilität hinsichtlich Diversität und Intersektionalität in der medizinischen Forschung zu fördern.
Are adenoma and serrated polyp detection rates correlated with endoscopists’ sensitivity of optical diagnosis?
Authors: Bronzwaer Maxime E. S. , Vleugels Jasper L. A. , van Doorn Sascha C. , Dijkgraaf Marcel G. W. , Fockens Paul , Dekker Evelien ,   on behalf of the DISCOUNT-2 study group
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction Endoscopists with a high adenoma detection rate (ADR) and proximal serrated polyp detection rate (PSPDR) detect these polyps more frequently, which may be attributable to better recognition of their endoscopic features. Little is known about the association between endoscopic lesion detection and differentiation skills. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation between the ADR, PSPDR, and the sensitivity of optical diagnosis for adenomas and serrated polyps.
Methods We performed an exploratory post-hoc analysis of the DISCOUNT-2 study, including complete colonoscopies after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) performed by endoscopists who performed ≥ 50 colonoscopies. The correlations between the ADR, PSPDR, and the sensitivity of optical diagnosis were calculated using Pearson’s rho correlation coefficient.
Results 24 endoscopists performed ≥ 50 colonoscopies, resulting in a total of 2889 colonoscopies. The overall ADR was 84.5 % (range 71.4 % – 95.3 %) and overall PSPDR was 13.7 % (4.3 % – 29.0 %). The sensitivity of optical diagnosis for adenomas and serrated polyps were 94.5 % (83.3 % – 100 %) and 74.0 % (37.5 % – 94.1 %), respectively. No correlation could be demonstrated between the ADR and the sensitivity of optical diagnosis for adenomas (−0.20; P = 0.35) or between the PSPDR and the sensitivity of optical diagnosis for serrated polyps (−0.12; P = 0.57).
Conclusions In a homogeneous FIT-positive population, no correlation between the ADR, PSPDR, and the sensitivity of optical diagnosis for adenomas and serrated polyps could be demonstrated. These exploratory results suggest that lesion detection and differentiation require different endoscopic skills. Further prospective studies are needed; until then, monitoring of both performance indicators is important to secure optimal efficacy of FIT-based colorectal cancer screening.
Lesões do Aquiles – Parte 2: Rupturas
Authors: Mansur Nacime Salomão Barbachan , Fonseca Lucas Furtado , Matsunaga Fábio Teruo , Baumfeld Daniel Soares , Nery Caio Augusto de Souza , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara 
Published: April 2020

ResumoA crescente incidência de rupturas do tendão calcâneo tem impactado substancialmente o cuidado ortopédico e os custos relacionados ao seu tratamento e prevenção. Motivada principalmente pelo aumento da expectativa de vida, o crescimento do uso de drogas tenotóxicas e o acesso errático à atividade física, essa lesão gera morbidade considerável aos pacientes qualquer seja o desfecho a ser considerado. A evolução das técnicas cirúrgicas e de reabilitação permitiu que ortopedistas, nos últimos anos, tivessem melhores condições para decidir a conduta mais apropriada nas roturas agudas do tendão calcâneo. Por mais que ainda frequentes pela sua alta taxa de negligência, as rupturas crônicas do Aquiles hoje encontram opções operatórias biológicas mais simples e são amparadas por um novo paradigma que se debruça sobre a especialidade.
PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION OF EXTRA-ORAL DEFECTS WITH SILICONE PROSTHESIS
Authors: Alva Harshitha , D. Krishna Prasad , Shetty Manoj 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMan's need for artificial replacements to supply missing or lost body parts has probably existed as long as man himself. Body abnormalities or defects compromise appearance, function and render an individual incapable of leading a relatively normal life. Extraoral defects involving ear, eye, nose, finger and few others are commonly encountered. Prosthetic restoration of these facial defects is an ancient art, in which success has always been limited due to the unavailability of adequate materials or because the available materials do not fulfil the ideal requirements. The most accepted materials today are the silicones because of their better esthetics.This paper presents prosthetic rehabilitation of the distal phalynx of left index finger with custom-made silicone prosthesis.
LAPAROSCOPIC ADRENALECTOMY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS - A REPORT OF 2 CASES.
Authors: Rai Sandeep B. , Ballal Rajesh , Shankar Raghu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReporting on the laparoscopic technique for adrenal disease in children and adolescents has been limited. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy are been performed in selected patients in centers with advanced laparoscopic expertise. Here we report two cases of laparoscopic adrenalectomy done for functional adrenal tumors in pediatric patients.
Applying FAIRness: Redesigning a Biomedical Informatics Research Data Management Pipeline
Authors: Parciak Marcel , Bender Theresa , Sax Ulrich , Bauer Christian Robert 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Managing research data in biomedical informatics research requires solid data governance rules to guarantee sustainable operation, as it generally involves several professions and multiple sites. As every discipline involved in biomedical research applies its own set of tools and methods, research data as well as applied methods tend to branch out into numerous intermediate and output data objects, making it very difficult to reproduce research results.
Objectives This article gives an overview of our implementation status applying the Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability (FAIR) Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship onto our research data management pipeline focusing on the software tools that are in use.
Methods We analyzed our progress FAIRificating the whole data management pipeline, from processing non-FAIR data up to data usage. We looked at software tools for data integration, data storage, and data usage as well as how the FAIR Guiding Principles helped to choose appropriate tools for each task.
Results We were able to advance the degree of FAIRness of our data integration as well as data storage solutions, but lack enabling more FAIR Guiding Principles regarding Data Usage. Existing evaluation methods regarding the FAIR Guiding Principles (FAIRmetrics) were not applicable to our analysis of software tools.
Conclusion Using the FAIR Guiding Principles, we FAIRificated relevant parts of our research data management pipeline improving findability, accessibility, interoperability and reuse of datasets and research results. We aim to implement the FAIRmetrics to our data management infrastructure and—where required—to contribute to the FAIRmetrics for research data in the biomedical informatics domain as well as for software tools to achieve a higher degree of FAIRness of our research data management pipeline.
Leveraging Electronic Dental Record Data for Clinical Research in the National Dental PBRN Practices
Authors: Thyvalikakath Thankam Paul , Duncan William D. , Siddiqui Zasim , LaPradd Michelle , Eckert George , Schleyer Titus , Rindal Donald Brad , Jurkovich Mark , Shea Tracy , Gilbert Gregg H. ,   National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of conducting clinical research using electronic dental record (EDR) data from U.S. solo and small-group general dental practices in the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network (network) and evaluate the data completeness and correctness before performing survival analyses of root canal treatment (RCT) and posterior composite restorations (PCR).
Methods Ninety-nine network general dentistry practices that used Dentrix or EagleSoft EDR shared de-identified data of patients who received PCR and/or RCT on permanent teeth through October 31, 2015. We evaluated the data completeness and correctness, summarized practice, and patient characteristics and summarized the two treatments by tooth type and arch location.
Results Eighty-two percent of practitioners were male, with a mean age of 49 and 22.4 years of clinical experience. The final dataset comprised 217,887 patients and 11,289,594 observations, with the observation period ranging from 0 to 37 years. Most patients (73%) were 18 to 64 years old; 56% were female. The data were nearly 100% complete. Eight percent of observations had incorrect data, such as incorrect tooth number or surface, primary teeth, supernumerary teeth, and tooth ranges, indicating multitooth procedures instead of PCR or RCT. Seventy-three percent of patients had dental insurance information; 27% lacked any insurance information. While gender was documented for all patients, race/ethnicity was missing in the dataset.
Conclusion This study established the feasibility of using EDR data integrated from multiple distinct solo and small-group network practices for longitudinal studies to assess treatment outcomes. The results laid the groundwork for a learning health system that enables practitioners to learn about their patients' outcomes by using data from their own practice.
Posicionamento atual sobre vitamina D na prática clínica: Posicionamento da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (Abran)
Authors: Ribas Filho Durval , de Almeida Carlos Alberto Nogueira , de Oliveira Filho Antônio Elias 
Published: April 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Estabelecer um posicionamento a fim de padronizar as recomendações da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia quanto ao manejo da deficiência de vitamina D na prática clínica, em relação aos critérios de investigação, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção.
Métodos Foi realizada revisão da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO, até julho de 2019.
Resultados Considerando-se as novas informações obtidas da literatura em relação aos guidelines americanos e brasileiros já conhecidos, os autores redigiram o presente posicionamento que foi aprovado pela diretoria da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia.
Conclusões Após extensa análise crítica da literatura recente, foi apresentada uma atualização científica sobre a hipovitaminose D, que resultou no presente posicionamento e recomendações da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia sobre o manejo da deficiência de vitamina D no Brasil.
Novel Mutations Involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth 4C and Intrafamilial Variability: Let's Not Miss the Forest for the Trees
Authors: Gogou Maria , Pavlou Evangelos , Kimiskidis Vasilios , Kouskouras Konstantinos , Pavlidou Efterpi , Papadopoulos Theophanis , Haidopoulou Katerina , Fidani Liana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCharcot-Marie-Tooth 4C is characterized by early-onset, rapid progression, and mainly associated with SH3TC2 gene mutations. We reported a male patient carrying a novel heterozygous nonsense mutation in SH3TC2 gene along with a heterozygous known pathogenic mutation. Symptoms began at 15 months and by 14 years, he presented significant motor impairment. Both parents exhibited one of the mutations in the heterozygous state, while his 8-year-old brother carried the same compound heterozygosity, showing only a mild phenotype. In our case, we discussed the contribution of compound heterozygosity to intrafamilial variability in Charcot-Marie-Tooth and the role of modifying genes.
Microsurgical Strategies for Prophylaxis of Cancer-Related Extremity Lymphedema: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Rodriguez Jose Ramon , Fuse Yuma , Yamamoto Takumi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Cancer-related lymphedema represents the first cause of noninfectious secondary extremity lymphedema. This entity is a progressive and debilitating disease with no curative treatment available. With the advent of lymphedema microsurgery, focus has turned into risk reduction and prevention of the disease progression.
Methods Literature review was conducted to clarify current microsurgical approach to prophylaxis of cancer treatment-related extremity lymphedema.
Results Prophylactic approach could be classified into primary and secondary prevention; microsurgical procedures were performed simultaneously with cancer ablation in primary prevention, and secondary prevention was performed secondarily after cancer treatment for selected high-risk subclinical cases. Indocyanine green lymphography was the most useful method for lymphedema screening after cancer treatment and to diagnose subclinical lymphedema. Several lymphovenous shunt operations were performed as prophylactic procedures, and classified into microsurgical lymphovenous implantation and supermicrosurgical lymphovenous intima-to-intima coaptation. Both showed clinically significant prophylactic effects.
Conclusion This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature regarding microsurgical interventions for the prevention of cancer-related extremity lymphedema. There are several methods for lymphedema prophylaxis and further studies are required to clarify indication of each method.
Hypercoagulation and Antithrombotic Treatment in Coronavirus 2019: A New Challenge
Authors: Violi Francesco , Pastori Daniele , Cangemi Roberto , Pignatelli Pasquale , Loffredo Lorenzo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is clinically characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for a high number of patients needing mechanical ventilation or intensive care units treatment and for the elevated mortality risk. A link between COVID-19 and multiorgan failure may be dependent on the fact that most COVID-19 patients are complicated by pneumonia, which is known to be associated with early changes of clotting and platelet activation and artery dysfunction; these changes may implicate in thrombotic-related events such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Recent data showed that myocardial injury compatible with coronary ischemia may be detectable in SARS-CoV-2 patients and laboratory data exploring clotting system suggest the presence of a hypercoagulation state. Thus, we performed a systematic review of COVID-19 literature reporting measures of clotting activation to assess if changes are detectable in this setting and their relationship with clinical severity. Furthermore, we discussed the biologic plausibility of the thrombotic risk in SARS-CoV-2 and the potential use of an antithrombotic treatment.
Ek […]wraitalaþo
Authors: Poulsen Simon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractScholars have previously interpreted the sequencewraitalaþoon the Trollhättan II Bracteate aswrait alaþō‘I wrote the magical formula’,wrait ā laþō‘I wrotelaþuin(to)’ orwraita laþō‘I wrote as an invitation’. The first and second interpretations are improbable for semantic, morphological and syntactic reasons. The third interpretation does not consider the linguistic consequences of the strong preterite 1sgending being retained as -ain Proto-Norse (PN). I will argue that final -awas preserved in early PN after a stressed syllable, but was lost after an unstressed one. I will reconsider the group of PN inscriptions that attest strong preterite verbs. Finally, I will conclude that all definite evidence of the loss of -abelongs to a later period. One exception, however, is the much-debated inscription on the Reistad Stone, which lacks the syncope and has an original word-final -ainunnam(ʀ̣) wraita.
The early Celtic epigraphic evidence and early literacy in Germanic languages
Authors: Stifter David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper outlines the individual histories of the attested ancient Celtic epigraphic traditions, Cisalpine
Celtic, Celtiberian, Gaulish and Ogam-Irish. It discusses the types of literacy in each of them and presents them as examples of
how and under which conditions literacy arose and grew, and finally disappeared, in non-classical languages of antiquity. Where
possible, the Celtic languages are viewed against an early Germanic background, to highlight similarities and parallels between
the two philological areas, but also to contrast the differences between them and to give an account of where and when
opportunities of literate interaction may have arisen between the two groups. These zones of potential interaction, as well as
uncommon shapes of letters in some Celtic writing systems, are of relevance for the concluding section where observations from a
Celtologist’s point of view will be made that may have a bearing on the origins of Runic writing.
A classical to quantum transition via key experiments
Authors: Scholz Ruediger , Wessnigk Susanne , Weber Kim-Alessandro 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an educational concept for promoting quantum teaching and learning via an educational structured quantum optical experiment. The experiment is designed to demonstrate the striking differences between classical physics and quantum physics, for example quantum interference of unbreakable photons (the ability of probabilities to interfere due to a phase sensitive superposition of states) and quantum nonlocality (there is no way to locate photonic states without a fundamental loss of information about the characteristics and a complete change of the state). For this proposal, we developed an experimental setup straightforward enough to be used in advanced physics courses even in secondary school student labs. To explain, or in a more quantum-semantic way, to interpret the experimental results quantitatively, we provide an appropriately rigorous quantum optical theory. Our model combines Laplace statistics (to access the statistical behaviour of photon counting) and basic vector calculus to calculate probabilities from the phase sensitivity of probability amplitudes. This article aims to contribute to further discussion and empirical research into novel teaching strategies for a more deeply conceptual approach to quantum theory.
Theory and modeling of under-critical millimeter-wave discharge in atmospheric air induced by high-energy excited neutral-particles carried via photons
Authors: Nakamura Yusuke , Komurasaki Kimiya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Past experiments have shown an ionization front propagation in the millimeter-wave whose intensity was one order lower than the critical intensity of breakdown. Propagation in such a low-intensity region is inexplicable by past theories because no mechanism can enhance ionization sufficiently in the precursor region ahead of bulk plasma. This study examines a new propagation theory incorporating excited neutral particles. The excited neutral particles are carried to the precursor region repeating radiative decay and reabsorption of a photon created by that decay process. Ionization occurs with collisions of an electron and that excited neutral particle. One-dimensional computations were conducted for various power densities of an incident beam to reproduce propagation. The obtained propagation velocities were around 50% of experimental values for quenching frequencies lower than 106 s−1.
Investigation of Surface Roughness in Incremental Sheet Forming of AA 2014-T6 using Taguchi’s Method
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Kumar Rupesh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aluminium alloy “AA 2014-T6” has widespread applications in aerospace industry and also used for making military weapons. This paper proposes incremental sheet forming as newer and cost effective approach over the conventional die forming for making AA 2014-T6 components in lesser time. The quantitative effects of three levels of seven input parameters namely — type of tool path (profile and spiral), sheet thickness (1.2 mm, 2 mm and 2.3 mm), spindle speed (0 rpm, 100 rpm and 200 rpm), tool diameter (16 mm, 18 mm and 20 mm), step size (0.3 mm, 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm), feed rate (1500 mm/min, 2000 mm/min and 3000 mm/min) and type of lubrication (coolant, oil and grease) are analysed over the “surface roughness”. Further, Taguchi technique has been utilized for designing the experimentation, mathematical analysis and finding the trends of variation in output response with change in individual factor. Sheet thickness and spindle speed emerged as the most influencing parameters in determining the final quality of fabricated parts. Zero spindle speed (free tool rotation) turned out most critical because at this level wear particles are stuck between sheet and tool, which degraded the surface due to unwanted abrasion.
Intelligent Classification of Wear Particles Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jia Fengguang , Yu Fulin , Song Lei , Zhang Shaojun , Sun Hongyuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The intelligent classification of wear particles has remained a high priority research area for ferrography technology and industrial tribology. In this study, five deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) models are used for identification of seven kinds of wear particles. Instead of manually designing and selecting the features, the proposed DCNN realizes an end-to-end processing. Wear particles’ dataset is built by various kinds of tribology experiments. The experimental results show that the accuracy of DenseNet121 on the test set is 88.39%. A conclusion can be drawn that DCNN is suited for wear particles’ classification and can be put into practical use in condition monitoring systems in the future.