bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fagerström test for nicotine dependence as an indicator in tobacco‐related studies in periodontology
Authors: Salhi Leila , Seidel Laurence , Albert Adelin , Lambert France 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSmoking is considered a risk factor for periodontitis genesis and progression. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the negative effect of smoking, in particular the number of cigarettes consumed (NCC), on periodontal clinical parameters. However, smoking addiction assessed by the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) has received little attention in periodontal research.MethodsIn smoking patients presenting with periodontitis, the periodontal clinical features were measured and correlated with smoking status. The ability of FTND and NCC to predict periodontitis severity was assessed and compared.ResultsThirty‐four smoking patients aged 46.5 ± 11.5 years were included. The means of NCC and FTND were 16.6 ± 5.5 and 5.2 ±1.8, respectively. NCC and FTND were correlated with each other (r = 0.57, P < 0.001). Patients had stage III (44.1%) or stage IV (55.9%) periodontitis and 73.5% presented a generalized extension of periodontitis. The combination of FTND and NCC in discerning disease severity (ROC curve analysis: AUC = 0.746, P = 0.027) was superior to each indicator separately. A discriminant score based on both indicators (D = –0.42 – 0.15 × NCC + 0.63 × FTND) derived by logistic regression showed the opposite role of the indicators and the greater relevance of FTND (P = 0.031) compared to NCC (P = 0.084) in the relationship.ConclusionThis study shows that FTND could substantially complement NCC as an indicator of smoking status in periodontal research.
The added value of periodontal measurements for identification of diabetes among Saudi adults
Authors: Talakey Arwa A. , Hughes Francis , Almoharib Hani , Al‐Askar Mansour , Bernabé Eduardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to develop a prediction model for identification of individuals with diabetes based on clinical and perceived periodontal measurements; and to evaluate its added value when combined with standard diabetes screening tools.MethodsThe study was carried out among 250 adults attending primary care clinics in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). The study adopted a case‐control approach, where diabetes status was first ascertained, and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC), Canadian Diabetes Risk questionnaire (CANRISK), and periodontal examinations were carried out afterward.ResultsA periodontal prediction model (PPM) including three periodontal indicators (missing teeth, percentage of sites with pocket probing depth ≥6 mm, and mean pocket probing depth) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.694 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.612‐0.776) and classified correctly 62.4% of participants. The FINDRISC and CANRISK tools had AUCs of 0.766 (95% CI: 0.690‐0.843) and 0.821 (95% CI: 0.763‐0.879), respectively. The addition of the PPM significantly improved the AUC of FINDRISC (P = 0.048) but not of CANRISK (P = 0.144), with 26.8% and 9.8% of participants correctly reclassified, respectively. Finally, decision curve analysis showed that adding the PPM to both tools would result in net benefits among patients with probability scores lower than 70%.ConclusionsThis study showed that periodontal measurements could play a role in identifying individuals with diabetes, and that addition of clinical periodontal measurements improved the performance of FINDRISC and CANRISK.
Hypercholesterolaemia screening: proposal for development of a new professional pharmaceutical service
Authors: Real Juan Pablo , Rossetti Cristian Alan , Vargas Aylen Magali , Jimenez‐Kairuz Alvaro , Robledo Jorge Alberto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of the community pharmacist identifying new patients with hypercholesterolaemia (HC) through a screening program (PHI‐CAPTCHA).MethodsThe study begins with patients who attended any of four pharmacies in the town of Jovita (Argentina) to obtain their lipid‐lowering medication between March 1 and April 30, 2017. The genealogical trees of the patients who agreed to participate were determined. Authorisation was requested to review the cholesterolaemia records of their relatives stored in the databases of the Jovita Clinical Analysis Laboratory (1997–2015). The hypothetical efficacy of PHI‐CAPTCHA was determined as (i) the proportion of children confirmed to have HC, and (ii) the proportion of patients with at least one child with HC.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐nine patients of the 274 patients who obtained their lipid‐lowering drugs from any of the four pharmacies, met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the total number of patients' relatives, 532 had historical records of cholesterol readings and agreed to participate in the study. Thirty‐five per cent of children (95/270) and 26% of grandchildren (69/262) presented with HC. Forty‐eight per cent of patients had at least one child with HC. Of the 2nd generation patients of the service (original patient´s hypercholesterolaemic children), 35% of their children had HC and 50% had at least one child with this condition. A child’s probability of having high cholesterol was found to double when their father also had HC (OR = 2.08, 95%CI [1.19, 3.63]).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate screening services should be offered to all HC patients, regardless of the age of their children and grandchildren.
Impact of the initial phase of COVID‐19 pandemic on surgical oncology services at a tertiary care center in Eastern India
Authors: Sultania Mahesh , Muduly Dillip K. , Balasubiramaniyan Vigneshwaran , Imaduddin Mohammed , Ephraim R. , Chaudhary Itisha , Singh Abhitesh , Jain Anshul , Colney Lalchhandami , Ambre Sachin , Dipin K.R. , Kar Madhabananda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused a global health emergency and affected the resources in both the public and private health sectors significantly. The present study aims to assess the impact of the pandemic on the services by the department in the first 3 months since the first COVID case in the region.MethodsThe study period was from 16 March to 15 June 2020. We queried the database for data on site of the tumor, diagnosis, stage, tumor board decisions and planning, surgical procedures, adjuvant treatment, and follow‐up details. The change in tumor board decision and actual treatment taken by the patient were all recorded, taking into consideration the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsAmong the 1567 patient contacts, 1306 were out‐patient visits and 261 teleconsultations. Fifty‐four patients underwent surgery from the 87 admitted to the hospital. Ten preoperative patients and two postoperative patients were tested for COVID and reported to be negative.ConclusionsThe dilemma of providing cancer surgery services to the patients in this pandemic has been global. Strict measures and guidelines can help to overcome the COVID pandemic time, keeping in mind the locoregional logistics.
Multi‐institutional Survey of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the External Auditory Canal in Japan
Authors: Shiga Kiyoto , Nibu Ken‐ichi , Fujimoto Yasushi , Asakage Takahiro , Homma Akihiro , Mitani Hiroki , Ogawa Takenori , Okami Kenji , Murono Shigeyuki , Hirano Shigeru , Ueda Tsutomu , Hanai Nobuhiro , Tsukahara Kiyoaki , Ota Ichiro , Yoshimoto Seiichi , Shinozaki Takeshi , Iwae Shigemichi , Katagiri Katsunori , Saito Daisuke , Kiyota Naomi , Tahara Makoto , Takahashi Fumiaki , Hayashi Ryuichi 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with advanced cancer of the external auditory canal (EAC) by analyzing the outcome of the patients.MethodsThis is a multi‐institutional retrospective survey, and we reviewed the medical records of the subjects. A total of 181 patients with tumor (T)3 or T4 tumor in 17 institutions were enrolled. Further analysis was performed for 74 patients who underwent CRT under curative intent.ResultsOverall 5‐year survival rates of the patients who underwent CRT (n = 74) were 54.6%. Those of the patients who underwent CRT with modified TPF (docetaxel, cisplatin [CDDP], and 5‐fluorouracil) regimen (n = 50) and CRT with CDDP regimens (n = 24) were 64.4% and 36.7%, respectively. Significant differences were observed between these two groups.ConclusionGiven the tendency that head and neck surgeons prefer CRT for advanced larger cancer of the EAC, CRT for advanced EAC cancer using the modified TPF regimen showed good clinical outcomes.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E870–E874, 2021
Elements of lake macrophyte metacommunity structure: Global variation and community‐environment relationships
Authors: García‐Girón Jorge , Heino Jani , Baastrup‐Spohr Lars , Clayton John , de Winton Mary , Feldmann Tõnu , Fernández‐Aláez Camino , Ecke Frauke , Hoyer Mark V. , Kolada Agnieszka , Kosten Sarian , Lukács Balázs A. , Mormul Roger P. , Rhazi Laila , Rhazi Mouhssine , Sass Laura , Xu Jun , Alahuhta Janne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDocumenting the patterns of biological diversity on Earth has always been a central challenge in macroecology and biogeography. However, we are only beginning to generate an understanding of the global patterns and determinants of macrophyte diversity. Here, we studied large‐scale variation and community‐environment relationships of lake macrophytes along climatic and geographical gradients using regional data from six continents. We applied statistical routines typically used in the context of metacommunity studies to provide novel insights into macrophyte community compositional patterns within regions worldwide. We found that lake macrophyte metacommunities followed clumped species replacement structures, suggesting that two or more species groups were responding similarly to the environment within regions. Underlying such general convergence, our results also provided evidence that community‐environment relationships were largely context‐dependent, stressing that no single mechanism is enough to account for the complex nature of compositional variation. Surprisingly, we found no general relationships between functional or phylogenetic composition and main metacommunity types, suggesting that linking multi‐trait and evolutionary information to the elements of metacommunity structure is not straightforward. Our findings highlight that global conservation initiatives and biodiversity protection need to capture environmental variation at the metacommunity level, and acknowledge the highly context‐dependent patterns in the community‐environment relationships of lake macrophytes. Overall, we emphasize the need to embrace the potential complexity of ecological inferences in metacommunity organization across the globe.
Design of New Amines of Low Toxicity for Efficient Free Radical Polymerization under Air
Authors: Sprick Elodie , Becht Jean‐Michel , Tigges Thomas , Neuhaus Kira , Weber Christoph , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo new amines are proposed here as a new class of high performance coinitiators for camphorquinone (CQ)‐based systems for mild polymerizations of methacrylates under blue light irradiation (LED@477 nm). These new compounds are very interesting because they are much less toxic than commonly used amines such as ethyl 4‐(dimethylamino) benzoate or 4‐(dimethylamino) benzonitrile. The particularity of one of these two new amines is its dual role: it is a coinitiator and contains a copolymerizable group. Therefore, it is much less subject to migration or leaching, which is a major current issue of polymers. Excellent polymerization performances in the presence of CQ for the free radical polymerization of methacrylates under blue light irradiation and under air are observed. Remarkably, good bleaching properties are obtained after polymerization.
Has Deep Brain Stimulation Changed the Very Long‐Term Outcome of Parkinson's Disease? A Controlled Longitudinal Study
Authors: Mahlknecht Philipp , Peball Marina , Mair Katherina , Werkmann Mario , Nocker Michael , Wolf Elisabeth , Eisner Wilhelm , Bajaj Sweta , Quirbach Sebastian , Peralta Cecilia , Eschlböck Sabine , Wenning Gregor K. , Willeit Peter , Seppi Klaus , Poewe Werner 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe long‐term impact of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on Parkinson's disease (PD) is difficult to assess and has not yet been rigorously evaluated in comparison to its natural history.ObjectiveComparison of key disability milestones (recurrent falls, psychosis, dementia, and institutionalization) and death in patients with PD with versus without DBS.MethodsWe collected retrospective information from clinical notes of patients with PD at our center that were implanted with subthalamic DBS >8 years ago (1999–2010) and a control group of PD patients without DBS similar in age at onset, age at baseline, sex distribution, and number of comorbidities at baseline (extracted from a registry study performed in 2004). Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios, adjusted for potential baseline confounding variables (age, sex, disease duration, disease severity, and number of comorbidities).ResultsA total of 74 DBS‐treated and 61 control patients with PD were included. For a median observational period of 14 years, patients treated with DBS were at lower risk of experiencing recurrent falls (hazard ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.37–0.90; P = 0.015) and psychosis (hazard ratio = 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.59; P = 0.001) compared with control patients. There was no significant difference in risk for dementia, institutionalization, or death. Disease progression as assessed by Hoehn and Yahr scores was not slower in DBS‐treated patients.ConclusionsTreatment with chronic subthalamic DBS was associated with lower risk for recurrent falls and psychotic symptoms, effects that may be mediated through improved motor symptom control and reduction in dopaminergic therapies, respectively. There was no evidence for DBS effects on underlying disease progression.
Regulation of Trpm activation and calcium wave initiation during Drosophila egg activation
Authors: Hu Qinan , Wolfner Mariana F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe transition from a developmentally arrested mature oocyte to a developing embryo requires a series of highly conserved events, collectively known as egg activation. All of these events are preceded by a ubiquitous rise of intracellular calcium, which results from influx of external calcium and/or calcium release from internal storage. In Drosophila, this calcium rise initiates from the pole(s) of the oocyte by influx of external calcium in response to mechanical triggers. It is thought to trigger calcium responsive kinases and/or phosphatases, which in turn alter the oocyte phospho‐proteome to initiate downstream events. Recent studies revealed that external calcium enters the activating Drosophila oocyte through Trpm channels, a feature conserved in mouse. The local entry of calcium raises the question of whether Trpm channels are found locally at the poles of the oocyte or are localized around the oocyte periphery, but activated only at the poles. Here, we show that Trpm is distributed all around the oocyte. This requires that it thus be specially regulated at the poles to allow calcium wave initiation. We show that neither egg shape nor local pressure is sufficient to explain this local activation of Trpm channels.
Age, Sex, and Depot‐Specific Differences in Adipose‐Tissue Estrogen Receptors in Individuals with Obesity
Authors: Porter Jay W. , Barnas Jillian L. , Welly Rebecca , Spencer Nicole , Pitt James , Vieira‐Potter Victoria J. , Kanaley Jill A. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of sex and menopausal status on depot‐specific estrogen signaling in white adipose tissue (AT) in age‐matched men and women with morbid obesity.MethodsA total of 28 premenopausal women, 16 postmenopausal women, and 27 age‐matched men undergoing bariatric surgery were compared for omental (OM) AT (OMAT) and abdominal subcutaneous (SQ) AT (SQAT) genes and proteins.ResultsWith the exception of fasting nonesterified fatty acids being higher in women (P < 0.01), no differences were found in other indicators of glucose and lipid metabolism. In OMAT, estrogen receptor (ER) beta (ERβ) levels were higher in older women than in younger women and older men (sex‐age interaction, P < 0.01), and aromatase expression was higher in older men than in older women (P < 0.05). In SQAT, women had lower expression of ERβ than men (P < 0.05). Protein content of ER alpha and ERβ was highly correlated with the mitochondrial protein uncoupling protein 1 across sexes and ages (P < 0.001). Age increased SQ inflammatory gene expression in both sexes.ConclusionsIn morbid obesity, sex and age affect AT ERs, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1, and inflammatory expression in an AT depot–dependent manner. The SQAT immunometabolic profile is heavily influenced by age and menopause status, more so than OMAT.
Child Support and the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid Expansions
Authors: Bullinger Lindsey Rose 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA quickly developing literature has shown that the Affordable Care Act's (ACA) Medicaid expansions have improved health insurance coverage, health, and financial well‐being among low‐income adults without dependent children. This population includes noncustodial parents. With substantial overlap in the population that is typically obligated to pay child support and the population that has strongly benefited from the expansions, there may be potential implications for child support enforcement. In this paper, I examine the effect of public health insurance eligibility to low‐income adults on child support outcomes. I find that the ACA Medicaid expansions increased child support distributed to custodial families as arrears by 8.5 percent. Evidence also suggests current support distributions increased by about 2 percent. There were no significant effects on paying toward a child support order. Among unmarried mothers, the likelihood of child support receipt increased by 8 percent. These results imply that access to public health insurance can increase the ability of noncustodial parents to pay child support.
The role of carbon nanoparticles in epoxy‐based nanocomposites modified with (poly[polypropylene oxide]‐block‐poly[ethylene oxide]‐block‐poly[propylene oxide]) triblock copolymers on phase morphology and mechanical properties
Authors: Silva Bruna L. , B. Schuster Marcia , H. Bello Roger , Becker Daniela , F. Coelho Luiz A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe main goal of this work is to show the role of carbon nanoparticle geometry and poly(ethylene oxide):poly(propylene oxide) (PEG:PPG) ratio on the miscibility, morphology, and final properties of an epoxy resin modified with triblock copolymers PPG‐block‐PEG‐block‐PPG (PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG). The employed copolymers have different PEG:PPG ratios in their molecular structure. One of them is miscible and the other is immiscible in epoxy resin. The used carbon nanoparticles were multiwalled carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black in a concentration of 0.5 wt/wt% for all nanoparticles. Adding the nanoparticles did not influence the miscibility of the PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG copolymer in the resin. However, the different geometries of the nanoparticles interfered in the dispersion, reflecting on the mechanical and thermal properties of the epoxy‐based nanocomposites. Nanocomposites in a miscible system with graphene nanoparticles showed a 10% increase in Young's modulus over the neat resin. Immiscible systems with carbon black nanoparticles presentedKIcvalues 81% higher than the neat matrix, while the numerical valueKIcwas only 6.5% higher than the neat resin for the miscible ones. Besides, a synergistic effect was observed between the copolymer/nanoparticles on the toughness of the nanocomposites. Finally, the nanoparticles minimized the negative effect of the block copolymer on Young's modulus and the glass transition temperature of the neat resin.
Depression, suicide, and the gifted student: A primer for the school psychologist
Authors: Winsor Denise L. , Mueller Christian E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGrowing up gifted often means growing up “different.” As schools struggle to provide appropriately designed interventions for student mental health issues, the role of the school psychologist is becoming increasingly important. In the present article, the role of the school psychologist is discussed, particularly as related to helping gifted students who may be manifesting symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation, and potentially suicidal behavior. Further, a holistic intervention approach is advocated and that accounts for four growth factors—intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental/contextual, and developmental. Importantly, the specific strategies discussed are designed to help the school psychologist in their many capacities of helping gifted students thrive. Increasingly, however, it must also be recognized that the role of the school psychologist has expanded in recent years, and thus many of the intervention strategies offered may require a team of professionals to effectively implement. Regardless, the strategies discussed are designed to help gifted students thrive in the school setting.
Elastic and durable multi‐cation‐crosslinked anion exchange membrane based on poly(styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene)
Authors: Li Ziming , Li Conghui , Long Chuan , Sang Jing , Tian Lin , Wang Fanghui , Wang Zhihua , Zhu Hong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAnion exchange membranes (AEMs), as the core component of the new generation anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), directly determine the performance and the lifetime of this energy conversion device. Here, AEMs with pendant multiple quaternary ammonium anchored onto the poly(styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene) (SEBS) backbone are synthesized. The comb‐shaped copolymer SEBS‐C16 is synthesized with N,N‐dimethyl‐1‐hexadecylamine and chloromethylated SEBS to improve solubility, then the multi‐cation crosslinker is prepared and grafted on the above backbone to fabricate a series of flexible multi‐cation crosslinked SEBS‐based AEMs (SEBS‐C16‐xC4, where x% is the ratio of the crosslinker to polystyrene block) with practical properties. The obtained SEBS‐C16‐20C4 membrane exhibits a microphase separated morphology with an interdomain spacing of 18.87 nm. Benefited from the ion channels, SEBS‐C16‐20C4 shows high conductivity of 77.78 mS/cm at 80°C. Additionally, the prepared SEBS‐C16‐20C4 membrane with ion exchange capacity of 2.35 mmol/g also exhibits enhanced alkaline stability (5.87% hydroxide conductivity decrease in 2 M NaOH solution at 80°C after 1,700 hr) and improved mechanical properties, compared with the non‐crosslinked SEBS‐C16 sample. Furthermore, AEMFC single cell performance is evaluated with the SEBS‐C16‐20C4 membrane, and a maximum power density of 182 mW/cm2 is achieved at 80°C under H2/O2 conditions.