bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ўзбекистон – жаҳон миграция жараёнларининг ажралмас қисми
Authors: Муртазаева Рахбар 
Published: December 2020

Мақолада расмий ҳужжатлар, статистик маълумотлар асосида ҳозирги даврда Ўзбекистон Республикасининг жаҳон миграция жараёнларида иштироки очиб берилган. Ўзбекистонликларнинг меҳнат миграциясида Россияни ўрни, иккала давлатлар ўртасидаги ҳамкорлиги янги чора-тадбирлар белгиланганлиги кўрсатилган. Меҳнат миграциясининг ижобий ва салбий томонлари асослаб берилган. Мақолада муаллиф миграциясидаги феминизациялашуви жараёнига ўз муносабатини билдирган. Ўзбекистон жаҳон ҳамжамиятининг ажралмас қисми сифатида меҳнат миграциясида фаол иштирок этаётганлиги таҳлил этилган.
Шу билан бир қаторда республикада аҳоли бандлигини таъминлаш борасида тизим яратилганлиги қайд этилган ва бу борада қабул қилинган қарорлар келтирилган.
Synthesis, X-ray structure, and DFT analysis of a binary complex of 3,3'-[(3-benzimidazolyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one): 5-Methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine
Authors: Sharma Gopal , Uppal Anshul , Anthal Sumati , Deshmukh Madhukar Baburao , Mohire Priyanka Pandharinath , Bhosale Tanaji Ramchandra , Sudarsanakumar Chellappanpillai , Kant Rajni 
Published: December 2020

A combined theoretical and experimental investigation on a pharmaceutically important binary complex 3,3'-[(3-benzimidazolyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one): 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine is presented in this manuscript. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group Cc with unit cell parameters: a = 19.8151(8) Å, b = 15.2804(6) Å, c = 8.3950(4) Å, β = 94.0990(10)°, V = 2535.36(19) Å3, Z = 4, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.184 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.490 g/cm3, 35833 reflections measured (5.332° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 56.678°), 6168 unique (Rint = 0.0467, Rsigma = 0.0388) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0435 (I > 2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1073 (all data). The crystal structure has been determined by the conventional X-ray diffraction method, solved by direct methods and refined by the full matrix least squares procedure. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the type C–H⋅⋅⋅O and O–H⋅⋅⋅O is present and the crystal structure stabilizes via N–H…O, C–H…N and O–H…N intermolecular interactions. The optimized structural parameters have been compared and the parameters like ionization potential, electron affinity, global hardness, electron chemical potential, electronegativity, and global electrophilicity based on HOMO and LUMO energy values were calculated at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory for a better understanding of the structural properties of the binary complex.
No berçário, quantos tons tem o azul? Entre bebês, cirandas, livros e pigmentos
Authors: Dornelles Leni Vieira , Abreu B´árbara 
Published: December 2020

RESUMO:
O artigo se propõe a mostrar o trabalho desenvolvido em um berçário com bebês, com idade entre zero a dois anos em uma Escola Infantil de Porto Alegre. Nele, levamos para as crianças a indagação: “Quantos tons tem o azul?”. Tal questionamento propiciou uma sequência de propostas que pretendiam explorar as tonalidades de diferentes objetos, materialidades e texturas da cor azul. Foram organizados diferentes ambientes para a investigação. Inspiramos-nos em obras da literatura infantil e em explorações de misturas e tinturas fazendo uso de propostas de tom sobre tom de azuis. Buscamos um diálogo com as explorações de livros, poemas e ciranda para tentar dar visibilidade ao como os bebês nos mostram os modos como apreendem o mundo ao seu redor.
Cattle Plague and Society
Authors: Widenberg Johanna 
Published: December 2020

This article presents the findings of a study showing that rinderpest and anthrax were rife among cattle in eighteenth century Sweden and Finland. These diseases, which caused a widespread loss of animals, were the scourge of owners, medical practitioners and the authorities alike. The study also shows that the epizootic legislation and disease control that evolved at government level was influenced by the particular characteristics of rinderpest and anthrax. Previous research has identified the endemic nature of rinderpest and its far-reaching consequences for society. Yet major outbreaks of anthrax, and the degree to which the disease influenced the development of State epizootic control, were previously unknown. The study uses the perspectives of cultural history and the history of veterinary medicine, a wide range of historical sources, and a method of text analysis for making retrospective diagnoses.
In this article the findings are compared with the results of studies of eighteenth century cattle disease and epizootic control in other European countries. Similarities and differences in theoretical perspectives and research methods are identified. Here the use of retrospective diagnosis in the history of veterinary medicine is discussed in particular.
Prosection of the Goat’s Eye as a Teaching-Learning Method for the Undergraduate Medical Students During Clinical Postings in a Medical College in South India
Authors: Vidha Aditi , Kulkarni Uma 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Understanding the complex anatomy of the eyeball is challenging for a medical undergraduate student. We evaluated the effectiveness of prosection (demonstrated dissection) of enucleated goat's eye as a teaching-learning method and explored the reflections of the undergraduate medical students.

Methods:
After ethical approval and informed consent, the study was conducted on 71 undergraduate students during their clinical postings in ophthalmology. The students were randomized into two arms. Arm A was taught anatomy of the eye using PowerPoint presentation and arm B using prosection. Pre and post-test questionnaires were provided to compare knowledge scores. Students were asked to write their reflections about prosection.

Results:
Mean pre and post Day 0 and Day 7 knowledge scores in both arms were identical and did not differ statistically (p=0.530, 0.97, 0.92) indicating that both the interventions were - quantitatively speaking - equally effective. Students' reflections on prosection were analyzed qualitatively. Students enjoyed the novelty of the teaching method, appreciated the unraveling of the complicated ocular anatomical arrangements, understood the eye three-dimensionally, saw the otherwise invisible structures of the eye, appreciated the transparent structures and discerned the complexity and interrelatedness of structures. Students reported enhanced learning through touching, feeling and seeing. They indicated that the learning was self- directed, collaborative, and promoted situated-learning through participation. Students opined that prosection supplemented by PowerPoint presentation should be included in the undergraduate ophthalmology curriculum.

Conclusion:
Prosection, when aided by a systematic commentary and interaction, stimulates multi-modal learning to understand ocular anatomy and should be included in the curriculum to create an interest in the subject of ophthalmology among medical undergraduate students.
Effect of Quantum of Energy used During Nd
Authors: Verma Neha , Ahuja Ashish 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To find out whether there exists a correlation between the quantum of energy used and the amount of rise of intra ocular pressure (IOP) following Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy.

Materials and methods:
The subjects were enrolled after taking a written informed consent. A total of 110 patients undergoing Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy for management of posterior capsule opacification with a minimum of 3 months following cataract surgery. After detailed history and ocular examination, Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy was performed. Pre-laser IOP was noted. Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was performed. Laser energy used was noted following which post-laser IOP was recorded after 1, 2 and 4 hours post-procedure. Paired t-test was used for comparison of means of IOP and energy levels. ROC analysis was used to predict the cutoff value of energy on the basis of change of IOP from baseline.

Results:
Mean energy used in Nd:YAG Laser posterior capsulotomy procedure for all patients was 58.57±34.63 mJ. Mean IOP at 1st hour follow-up was 15.32±2.91 mmHg, at 2nd hour follow-up was 16.24±3.23 mmHg and at 4th hour follow-up was 16.18±3.35 mmHg. At all three follow-ups, mean change in IOP was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion:
Post laser IOP rise is minimal and transient; it varies with the amount of energy used.
Self‐Amplifying Nanotherapeutic Drugs Homing to Tumors in a Manner of Chain Reaction
Authors: Wang Yue , Shen Na , Wang Ying , Zhang Yu , Tang Zhaohui , Chen Xuesi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractActive tumor‐targeting drug delivery has great potency in cancer therapy. However, the targeting efficiency of traditional active tumor‐targeting nanotherapeutic drugs is limited by the scarcity of their accessible targets/receptors in tumors. Here, a novel self‐amplifying tumor‐targeting strategy with a chain reaction mechanism is developed. A coagulation targeting peptide (GNQEQVSPLTLLKXC, termed A15)‐decorated poly(L‐glutamic acid)‐graft‐maleimide poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 conjugate (A15‐PLG‐CA4) is prepared to obtain a self‐amplifying nanotherapeutic platform homing to tumors. After administration to tumor‐bearing mice, A15‐PLG‐CA4 starts a chain reaction cycle consisting of intratumoral hemorrhage, target FXIIIa amplification, blood clot binding, and CA4 release in tumors. In this way, A15‐PLG‐CA4 increases the level of its accessible targets (FXIIIa) in a manner of chain reaction. The FXIIIa activity at 8 h is 4.1‐fold more than the one at 0 h in the C26 tumors treated with A15‐PLG‐CA4. The total CA4 concentration at 24 h is 2.9‐fold more than the control. A15‐PLG‐CA4 shows a significantly higher antitumor effect against large C26 tumors (≈500 mm3) thanks to the remarkable tumor‐targeting ability compared with the control. Therefore, this report highlights the potential of the self‐amplifying tumor‐targeting strategy in the development of next generation active tumor‐targeting nanotherapeutic drugs for tumor therapy.
Achieving High‐Performance Metal Phosphide Anode for Potassium Ion Batteries via Concentrated Electrolyte Chemistry
Authors: Yang Fuhua , Hao Junnan , Long Jun , Liu Sailin , Zheng Tian , Lie Wilford , Chen Jun , Guo Zaiping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMetal phosphides are regarded as promising anode candidates for high‐energy‐density potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity and relatively low operation voltage. The failure mechanism of the metal phosphides originates from the large volume variation during cycling, which leads to fast capacity degradation. Herein, concentrated electrolyte is used to achieve impressive cycling stability for K‐metal and K‐ion batteries over their more dilute counterparts, mainly benefiting from the anion‐derived robust and uniform solid–electrolyte interphase layer, which is helpful in maintaining the electrode integrity, avoiding excessive side reactions, and suppressing electrolyte decomposition. Further investigations also reveal the synergistic advantages of the superior chemical compatibility of concentrated electrolyte to potassium metal, as well as its remarkable electrochemical stability and enhanced safety compared to conventional dilute electrolytes. This work provides a feasible strategy to mitigate the degradation of metal phosphides to build high‐energy‐density PIBs.
Designing biomass supply chains within planetary boundaries
Authors: Wheeler Jonathan , Galán‐Martín Ángel , Mele Fernando D. , Guillén‐Gosálbez Gonzalo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe design of sustainable supply chains, which recently emerged as an active area of research in process systems engineering, is vital to ensure sustainable development. Despite past and ongoing efforts, the available methods often overlook impacts beyond climate change or incorporate them via standard life cycle assessment metrics that are hard to interpret from an absolute sustainability viewpoint. We here address the design of biomass supply chains considering critical ecological limits of the Earth—planetary boundaries—which should never be surpassed by anthropogenic activities. Our method relies on a mixed‐integer linear program that incorporates a planetary boundaries‐based damage model to quantify absolute sustainability precisely. We apply this approach to the sugarcane‐to‐ethanol industry in Argentina, identifying the optimal combination of technologies and network layout that minimize the impact on these ecological boundaries. Our framework can find applications in a wide range of supply chain problems related to chemicals and fuels production, energy systems, and agriculture planning.
Clinical and molecular evaluation of 13 Brazilian patients with Gomez‐López‐Hernández syndrome
Authors: Perrone Eduardo , Perez Ana Beatriz Alvarez , D'Almeida Vânia , de Mello Claudia Berlim , Jacobina Marcela Amaral Avelino , Loureiro Rafael Maffei , Burlin Stênio , Migliavacca Michele , do Amaral Virmond Luiza , Graziadio Carla , Pedroso José Luiz , Mendes Elaine Lustosa , Gomy Israel , de Macena Sobreira Nara Lygia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe aim to characterize patients with Gomez‐López‐Hernández syndrome (GLHS) clinically and to investigate them molecularly. A clinical protocol, including a morphological and neuropsychological assessment, was applied to 13 patients with GLHS. Single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and whole‐exome sequencing were undertaken; magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 12 patients, including high‐resolution, heavily T2‐weighted sequences (HRT2) in 6 patients to analyze the trigeminal nerves. All patients presented alopecia; two did not present rhombencephalosynapsis (RES); trigeminal anesthesia was present in 5 of the 11 patients (45.4%); brachycephaly/brachyturricephaly and mid‐face retrusion were found in 84.6 and 92.3% of the patients, respectively. One patient had intellectual disability. HRT2 sequences showed trigeminal nerve hypoplasia in four of the six patients; all four had clinical signs of trigeminal anesthesia. No common candidate gene was found to explain GLHS phenotype. RES does not seem to be an obligatory finding in respect of GLHS diagnosis. We propose that a diagnosis of GLHS should be considered in patients with at least two of the following criteria: focal non‐scarring alopecia, rhombencephalosynapsis, craniofacial anomalies (brachyturrycephaly, brachycephaly or mid‐face retrusion), trigeminal anesthesia or anatomic abnormalities of the trigeminal nerve. Studies focusing on germline whole genome sequencing or DNA and/or RNA sequencing of the alopecia tissue may be the next step for the better understanding of GLHS etiology.
Anion Controlled Stereodivergent Semi‐Hydrogenation of Alkynes using Water as Hydrogen Source
Authors: Li Kangkui , Yang Chunhui , Chen Jingchao , Pan Chunxiang , Fan Ruifeng , Zhou Yongyun , Luo Yang , Yang Dajian , Fan Baomin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn anion controlled stereodivergent semi‐hydrogenation of alkynes is reported. The reactions are catalyzed by the low‐cost and stable nickel(II) salts, using water as environmental friendly hydrogen source with zinc powder as metal reductant. Interestingly, the stereoselectivity of the reaction is well controlled by the anion of the nickel(II) salt. The present methodology allowed a low‐cost and convenient preparation of trans‐ and cis‐alkenes under mild conditions. The reaction mechanism is proposed with water as the hydrogen donor on the basis of the control experiments.
Hierarchically porous N‐doped carbon nanofibers derived from ZIF‐8/PAN composites for benzene adsorption
Authors: Yang Xing , Wu Xianghua , Chen Zhaoyang , Li Wenqiong , Sun Qi‐Jun , Guo Zeping , Liang Xiaoguang , He Yun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCoupling with electrospinning technique, metal–organic‐frameworks (MOFs)‐derived porous carbon fibers exhibit a great potential application in the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because of their huge surface area, high porosity, as well as sufficient heteroatom‐doped active sites. In this work, the hierarchically porous N‐doped carbon nanofibers are obtained after the pyrolysis of zeolite imidazole framework‐8 and polyacrylonitrile (ZIF‐8/PAN) composite fibers synthesized by electrospinning method. The N‐doped carbon nanofibers fabricated in N2 atmosphere (N‐CF‐N2) present an enhanced adsorption capacity of 694 mg/g for benzene because of the synergistic effect of the hierarchically porous structure and the abundant N‐species‐containing active sites. It is also interesting that the N‐doped hierarchical carbon nanofibers fabricated in Ar atmosphere (N‐CF‐Ar) exhibit a low benzene adsorption as compared with the N‐CF‐N2, which can be attributed to the porous structure damage caused by the bombardment of heavy Ar atoms on the pore shells during the pyrolysis. These results not only show a promising application of the as‐fabricated N‐CF‐N2 in adsorption of VOCs for air purification due to its merit of cost‐efficient, large‐scale production, and excellent adsorption capacity, but also expand the potential of electrospinning technology and composite fibers in volatile organic gas adsorption.
Silver‐doped biphasic calcium phosphate/alginate microclusters with antibacterial property and controlled doxorubicin delivery
Authors: Nie Lei , Deng Yaling , Zhang Yingying , Zhou Qiuju , Shi Qimin , Zhong Shengping , Sun Yi , Yang Zhong , Sun Meng , Politis Constantinus , Shavandi Amin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBiphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) based materials possessed with both excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial activity show potential advantages for biomedical applications. Here, the silver‐doped BCP/Alginate (AgBA) microclusters were first fabricated using the double‐emulsions method. First, BCP nanoparticles were incorporated into the alginate network to form BCP/Alginate microclusters via the emulsion process. Then, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were in situ involved in BCP/Alginate networks to obtain the final AgBA microclusters. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed that BCP nanoparticles and AgNPs were uniformly distributed in AgBA microclusters. The morphology of AgBA microclusters could be regulated by adjusting emulsion power, and microclusters using the medium powder (500 W) showed a regular spherical shape. Furthermore, CCK‐8 analysis identified that AgBA microclusters were cytocompatible culturing with human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells. Qualitative antibacterial tests exhibited the excellent inhibition effects of AgBA microclusters against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive) and Escherichia coli. (Gram‐negative). Lastly, the doxorubicin (DOX)‐loaded AgBA microclusters presented adjustable loading efficiency of DOX and controllable release profiles. The cumulative release could reach 73.3% after 72 h in PBS. The above results raised a new route for antibacterial microclusters development for biomedical applications.
Emergency TAVI in a critically ill patient: A case report
Authors: Papadopoulos Konstantinos , Chrissoheris Michael , Halapas Antonios , Kourkoveli Panagiota , Ozden Tok Ozge , Spargias Konstantinos 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation is a safe procedure even in inoperable patients with multi‐organ failure and cardiogenic shock. In such cases, the heart team should be prepared to proceed to emergent implantation for timely and successful management of the patient.
A Study on Au(I)‐thiolate Nanosheets as Water‐dispersible UV Absorbents
Authors: Zhang Shengrui , Yu Yang , Xu Shujue , Liu Jun , Liu Mo , Su He , Hao Yajiao , Li Minjie , Zhang Sean Xiao‐An 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUV screening is very important for the prevention of skin cancer and the elongation of the lifetime of organic/polymeric stuff. To overcome the main problems of poor hydrophilicity and easy leakage of organic UV absorbents, water‐dispersible Au(I)‐thiolate nanosheets have been studied as a new type of UV absorbents. The results show that Au(I)‐thiolate nanosheets have i) very high molar absorption coefficients (>15000 mol/L.cm), ii) comparable or superior photostability to typical organic UV absorbents, and iii) high transparency and nearly no leakage in polymer matrix. So far, no other UV absorbents have been reported to have all the above good performances simultaneously. The transparent and colorless Au(I)‐thiolate/polymer thin films can effectively block UV light, and such a material will surely extend the types and the application scenarios of UV absorbents.
Calcium transfer and mass balance associated with soil carbonate in a semi‐arid silicate watershed (North Cameroon): An overlooked geochemical cascade?
Authors: Dietrich Fabienne , Diaz Nathalie , Deschamps Pierre , Sebag David , Verrecchia Eric P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCalcium is a key element of the Earth system and closely coupled to the carbon cycle. Weathering of silicate releases Ca, which is exported and sequestered in oceans. However, pedogenic calcium carbonate constitutes a second Ca‐trapping pathway that has received less attention. Large accumulations of pedogenic calcium carbonate nodules, associated with palaeo‐Vertisols, are widespread in North Cameroon, despite a carbonate‐free watershed. A previous study suggested that a significant proportion of Ca released during weathering was trapped in palaeo‐Vertisols but the pathways involved in the transfer of Ca from sources (the granite and the Saharan dust) to a temporary sink (the carbonate nodules) remain unclear. This study aims to compare the distribution of elements in carbonate nodules and their associated past and present compartments for Ca in the landscape. These compartments are all characterised by a distinctive geochemical composition, resulting from specific processes. Three end members have been defined based on geochemical data: (a) the granite and its residual products, dominated by K2O and Na2O, Ti and Zr, HREE, and a positive Ce anomaly; (b) the soil parental material and the Saharan dust, dominated by Al2O3, Fe2O3 and MgO, V, HREE, and a positive Ce anomaly; and finally (c) the carbonate nodules, which are dominated by CaO, a depletion in V, Ti and Zr, and an enrichment in REE with a negative Ce anomaly. Mass balance calculations in soil profiles demonstrated that the accumulation of Ca in carbonate nodules exceeds the Ca released by chemical weathering of the parental material, because of a continuous accumulation and contribution from lateral transfers. Consequently, at the landscape scale, carbonate nodules associated with palaeo‐Vertisols constitute a temporary sink for Ca. Such a spatial relationship between sources and transient compartments opens an avenue to the new concept of ‘geochemical cascade’, similar in terms of geochemistry, to the concept of ‘sediment cascade’ developed by continental sedimentologists.