bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of celastrol by inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and migration in cholangiocarcinoma via PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Zhu Biqiang , Wei Yunwei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimCholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from bile duct epithelium. Currently, the treatment strategy is very limited and the prognosis is poor. Recent studies reported celastrol exhibits antigrowth and antimetastasis properties in many tumors. Our study aimed to assess the anti‐CCA effects of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and the mechanisms involved in it.MethodsIn this study, the long‐term and short‐term antiproliferation effects was determined using colony formation and Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assays, respectively. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify apoptosis. Furthermore, wound healing and transwell assays were performed to determine the cell migration and invasion capabilities, respectively. To further find the mechanism involved in the celastrol‐induced biological functions, LY204002, a PI3K/Akt signaling inhibitor, and an Akt‐1 overexpression plasmid were employed to find whether PI3K/Akt pathway was involved in the celastrol‐induced CCA cell inhibition. Additionally, short interfering RNA (siRNA) was also used to investigate the mechanism involved in the celastrol‐induced PI3K/Akt signaling inhibition. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were also performed to detect the degree of relative proteins. Moreover, we validated the antiproliferation and antimetastasis effects of celastrol in vivo by constructing subcutaneous and lung metastasis nude mice models.ResultsWe discovered that celastrol effectively induced apoptotic cell death and inhibited the capacity of migration and invasion in CCA cells. Further mechanistic study identified that celastrol regulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and the antitumor efficacy was likely due to the upregulation of PTEN, a negative regulator of PI3K/Akt. Blockage of PTEN abolished the celastrol‐induced PI3K/Akt signaling inhibition. Additionally, in vivo experiments conformed celastrol inhibited the tumor growth and lung metastasis with no serious side effects.ConclusionsOverall, our study elucidated a mechanistic framework for the anti‐CCA effects of celastrol via PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics, genetic phenotypes, and prognostic of pure mucinous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhencong , Li Ming , Ma Ke , Shang Guoguo , Liang Jiaqi , Yin Jiacheng , Luo Jizhuang , Zhan Cheng , Shi Yu , Wang Qun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimary pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung (PMA) is a rare subtype. However, correlations between clinicopathological features and genetic phenotypes with survival have not been described comprehensively.MethodsPure mucinous adenocarcinoma patient information collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (FDZSH), and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were extracted, evaluated, and compared with other lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) patient data. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed to explore the functional importance of underlying molecular changes. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated with the Kaplan‐Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis through Cox proportional hazard regression identified risk factors that predicted OS, and the results were used to construct a nomogram to predict OS for PMA patients.ResultsOverall, 3622 patients, 41 patients, and 15 patients with PMA were identified from the SEER, FDZSH, and TCGA databases, respectively. There were 345 differentially expressed genes, 30 differentially mutated genes and 72 differentially methylated genes were identified between PMA and other LUAD samples. In the SEER database, PMA had a better prognosis compared to other LUAD. Compared with patients with other LUAD, patients with PMA exhibited unique clinicopathological features, including fewer grade III/IV tumors, less pleural invasion, more early‐stage cancer, and more lower lobe carcinomas. Multivariate analyses showed that age, race, T stage, N stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent risk factors. The nomogram had a calibration index of 0.724.ConclusionsOur research identified unique clinicopathological characteristics and genetic phenotypes for PMA and other LUAD. The nomogram accurately predicted OS.
Ceramic Membranes: Materials – Components – Potential Applications
Authors: Meulenberg Wilhelm A. , Schulze‐Küppers Falk , Deibert Wendelin , Gestel Tim Van , Baumann Stefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGas separation in dense ceramic membranes is driven by the partial pressure gradient across the membrane. The mixed conducting materials most commonly used are single‐phase perovskites or fluorites. In recent years, the development of dual‐phase systems combining a mixed ion‐conducting and electron‐conducting phase has increased. The advantage is that a larger number of very stable materials systems is available. The membrane designs currently used include planar, tubular, hollow‐fiber, and honeycomb membranes. Each of these designs has specific advantages and disadvantages, depending on the application. Innovative joining concepts are also often needed due to the high temperatures involved. These usually involve the use of glass‐ceramic sealants or reactive metal brazes. Applications focus either on the separation of gases alone, i.e., the supply of oxygen or hydrogen, or on membrane reactors. In membrane reactors, a chemical reaction occurs on one or both sides of the membrane in addition to gas separation. The supply of gases is of potential interest for power plants, for the cement, steel, and glass industries, for the medical sector, and for mobile applications. Membrane reactors can be used to produce base chemicals or synthetic fuels.
Clinical outcomes of complex lesions treated with an abluminal groove‐filled biodegradable polymer sirolimus‐eluting stent and durable polymer everolimus‐eluting stent
Authors: Saito Yuichi , Baumbach Andreas , Wijns William , Xu Bo , Kelbæk Henning , Zheng Ming , Morel Marie‐angèle , Anderson Richard , Schächinger Volker , Lansky Alexandra ,   TARGET AC Investigators
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Firehawk stent (Shanghai MicroPort Medical Group, Shanghai, China), a novel biodegradable polymer sirolimus‐eluting coronary stent has been evaluated in the randomized TARGET I trial in which low‐risk patients were enrolled with strict eligibility criteria. Recently, the TARGET All Comers study has shown similar results of the Firehawk compared to the XIENCE stent (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara). However, clinical outcomes in high‐risk patients are unclear.MethodsThe TARGET All Comer study was a randomized trial that assigned patients to either Firehawk or XIENCE implantation. This TARGET AC subanalysis sought to evaluate the 2 year clinical outcomes of patients according to two risk groups; patients meeting all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria of the TARGET I trial were classified as “low‐risk,” while their counterparts were classified as “high‐risk.” The primary endpoint was target lesion failure.ResultsA total of 1,585 patients were included, of which 1,334 (84%) were classified as high‐risk. At 2 years, the high‐risk group had a significantly higher rate of TLF than the low‐risk group (9.5% vs. 3.6%, p = .003), mainly driven by increased target vessel myocardial infarction (6.3% vs. 2.4%, p = .02). The Firehawk and XIENCE had no significant differences in TLF among both low‐risk (3.1% vs. 4.2%, p = .66) and high‐risk (9.9% vs. 9.1%, p = .57) patients.ConclusionsHigh‐risk patients had worse clinical outcomes at 2 years in the TARGET All Comer study. Outcomes with the Firehawk were similar to the XIENCE stent among both low‐risk and high‐risk patients at 2 years.
Impact of short term oral steroid use for intravenous contrast media hypersensitivity prophylaxis in diabetic patients undergoing nonemergent coronary angiography or interventions
Authors: Amr Bashar S. , Lippmann Matthew , Tobbia Patrick , Isom Nicholas , Dalia Tarun , Buechler Tyler , Pierpoline Michael , Patel Nilay , Hockstad Eric , Wiley Mark , Tadros Peter , Mehta Ashwani , Earnest Matthew , Chen John G. , Gupta Kamal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesOral steroids are routinely administered in the United States for prophylaxis of iodinated contrast media hypersensitivity (ICMH). We studied the impact of short‐term steroid use in diabetic patients with ICMH undergoing nonemergent coronary angiography.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed records of diabetic patients with and without ICMH who underwent nonemergent coronary angiography at our center. Primary study endpoint was 30‐day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and secondary endpoints were pre‐ and postprocedure fasting blood glucose (FBG), highest in hospital blood glucose, pre‐ and postprocedure systolic blood pressure (SBP), and use of intravenous insulin and antihypertensive medications.ResultsA total of 88 diabetics with ICMH (study group) and 76 diabetics without ICMH (control group) undergoing angiography were enrolled. Demographics and hemoglobin A1c values were similar in both groups. Preprocedural FBG was significantly higher in the study group. The study group had significantly higher post angiography FBG (239.93 + 96.88 mg/dl vs. 156.6 + 59.88 mg/dl) and greater use of intravenous (IV) insulin (67.27% vs. 32.43%). Further, those who received steroids had significantly higher systolic SBP postprocedure (146.16 + 25.35 mmHg vs. 130.8 + 21.59 mmHg), a higher incidence of severe hypertension and use of IV antihypertensive medications (80.95% vs. 19.05%) periprocedurally. There were no differences in 30‐day MACE between groups.ConclusionShort‐term steroid use for ICMH results in a significant increase in surrogate markers for adverse clinical events after coronary procedures. Study findings highlight the need for better periprocedural management of these patients and to limit steroid prophylaxis to those with only true ICMH.
The spiced fingerprint ‐ superglue and curry powder let latent fingerprints fluoresce
Authors: Fischer Rachel , Oetken Marco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden drei einfache Versuche dargestellt, die eine Einfärbung eines mit der Sekundenkleber‐Methode visualisierten Fingerabdrucks ermöglichen. Herkömmliche Kontraststeigerungsmethoden sind mit einer Gefährdung durch die eingesetzten Chemikalien und/oder mit hohen Kosten verbunden, wodurch der Einsatz im Chemieunterricht erschwert oder sogar unmöglich ist. Die Verwendung von Alltagsprodukten (Holi‐ und Curry‐Pulver) ermöglicht eine neuartige, kostengünstige und schnelle Einfärbung eines Sekundenkleber‐Fingerabdrucks.
Question generation based on chat‐response conversion
Authors: Zhong Sheng‐Hua , Peng Jianfeng , Liu Peiqi 
Published: November 2019

SummaryToday, thanks to the major breakthrough of sequences to sequences model in the field of natural language, most of the dialogue generation tasks are focused on generating more effective responses. However, the responses proposed by the chat‐bot are only a passive answer or assentation, which does not arouse the desire of people to continue communicating. How to transform the chat robot from a passive reply to an active questioner has become an urgent problem. In this paper, a question generalization method with four types of question proposing schemes are designed, implemented, and tested to automate question generation process. The proposed system is controlled by a probability‐triggered multiple conversion mechanism to actively propose different types of questions. We embed our methods in the mainstream dialogue generation model and demonstrate its effectiveness in dialogue response generalization on a standard dataset. In addition, it achieves good performance in subjective conversational assessment.
Preparing a Single Cell Suspension from Zebrafish Retinal Tissue for Flow Cytometric Cell Sorting of Müller Glia
Authors: Allan Kristin , DiCicco Rose , Ramos Michael , Asosingh Kewal , Yuan Alex 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPreparation of a single cell suspension from solid tissue is vital for a successful flow cytometry experiment. We report a detailed and reproducible method to produce a quality cell suspension from the zebrafish retina. Zebrafish retinas, especially their Müller glia cells, are of particular interest for their inherent regenerative capacity, making them a useful model for regenerative medicine and cell therapy research. Here, we detail a papain‐based dissociation that is gentle enough to keep cells intact, but strong enough to disrupt cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions to yield a cell suspension that produces clean and reliable flow cytometric cell sorting results. This procedure consistently results in over 90% viability and three populations of cells based on GFP expression. The dissociation procedure described herein has been optimized for the collection of Müller glia from Tg(apoe:gfp) zebrafish retinas; however, the overall process may be applicable to other cell types in the fish retina, additional flow cytometric techniques, or preparing cell suspensions from similar tissues. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Spatially explicit models of seasonal habitat for greater sage‐grouse at broad spatial scales: Informing areas for management in Nevada and northeastern California
Authors: Coates Peter S. , Brussee Brianne E. , Ricca Mark A. , Severson John P. , Casazza Michael L. , Gustafson Kit Benjamin , Espinosa Shawn P. , Gardner Scott C. , Delehanty David J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDefining boundaries of species' habitat across broad spatial scales is often necessary for management decisions, and yet challenging for species that demonstrate differential variation in seasonal habitat use. Spatially explicit indices that incorporate temporal shifts in selection can help overcome such challenges, especially for species of high conservation concern. Greater sage‐grouse Centrocercus urophasianus (hereafter, sage‐grouse), a sagebrush obligate species inhabiting the American West, represents an important case study because sage‐grouse exhibit seasonal habitat patterns, populations are declining in most portions of their range and are central to contemporary national land use policies. Here, we modeled spatiotemporal selection patterns for telemetered sage‐grouse across multiple study sites (1,084 sage‐grouse; 30,690 locations) in the Great Basin. We developed broad‐scale spatially explicit habitat indices that elucidated space use patterns (spring, summer/fall, and winter) and accounted for regional climatic variation using previously published hydrographic boundaries. We then evaluated differences in selection/avoidance of each habitat characteristic between seasons and hydrographic regions. Most notably, sage‐grouse consistently selected areas dominated by sagebrush with few or no conifers but varied in type of sagebrush selected by season and region. Spatiotemporal variation was most apparent based on availability of water resources and herbaceous cover, where sage‐grouse strongly selected upland natural springs in xeric regions but selected larger wet meadows in mesic regions. Additionally, during the breeding period in spring, herbaceous cover was selected strongly in the mesic regions. Lastly, we expanded upon an existing joint–index framework by combining seasonal habitat indices with a probabilistic index of sage‐grouse abundance and space use to produce habitat maps useful for sage‐grouse management. These products can serve as conservation planning tools that help predict expected benefits of restoration activities, while highlighting areas most critical to sustaining sage‐grouse populations. Our joint–index framework can be applied to other species that exhibit seasonal shifts in habitat requirements to help better guide conservation actions.
Spatial and taxonomic biases in bat records: Drivers and conservation implications in a megadiverse country
Authors: Zamora‐Gutierrez Veronica , Amano Tatsuya , Jones Kate E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBiases in data availability have serious consequences on scientific inferences that can be derived. The potential consequences of these biases could be more detrimental in the less‐studied megadiverse regions, often characterized by high biodiversity and serious risks of human threats, as conservation and management actions could be misdirected. Here, focusing on 134 bat species in Mexico, we analyze spatial and taxonomic biases and their drivers in occurrence data; and identify priority areas for further data collection which are currently under‐sampled or at future environmental risk. We collated a comprehensive database of 26,192 presence‐only bat records in Mexico to characterize taxonomic and spatial biases and relate them to species' characteristics (range size and foraging behavior). Next, we examined variables related to accessibility, species richness and security to explain the spatial patterns in occurrence records. Finally, we compared the spatial distributions of existing data and future threats to these species to highlight those regions that are likely to experience an increased level of threats but are currently under‐surveyed. We found taxonomic biases, where species with wider geographical ranges and narrow‐space foragers (species easily captured with traditional methods), had more occurrence data. There was a significant oversampling toward tropical regions, and the presence and number of records was positively associated with areas of high topographic heterogeneity, road density, urban, and protected areas, and negatively associated with areas which were predicted to have future increases in temperature and precipitation. Sampling efforts for Mexican bats appear to have focused disproportionately on easily captured species, tropical regions, areas of high species richness and security; leading to under‐sampling in areas of high future threats. These biases could substantially influence the assessment of current status of, and future anthropogenic impacts on, this diverse species group in a tropical megadiverse country.
Stormflow threshold behaviour in a subtropical mountainous headwater catchment during forest recovery period
Authors: Wei Lezhang , Qiu Zhijun , Zhou Guangyi , Kinouchi Tsuyoshi , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractForest ecohydrological feedbacks complicate the threshold behaviour of stormflow response to precipitation or wetting conditions on a long‐term scale (e.g. several years). In this study, the threshold behaviours in an evergreen‐deciduous mixed forested headwater catchment in southern China were examined during 2009–2015, when damaged vegetation was recovering after the great 2008 Chinese ice and snowstorm. The non‐uniqueness of the thresholds and the slow and rapid responses of stormflow at the outlet of the catchment in different hydro‐climate datasets with different maximum values of gross precipitation (P) and sums of precipitation and antecedent soil moisture index (P + ASI) were assessed. The thresholds of P and P + ASI required to trigger stormflows (i.e. ‘generation thresholds’) and the transition from slow to rapid responses of stormflow (i.e. ‘rise thresholds’) were compared both seasonally and annually. The results indicated significant differences in the analysed datasets, highlighting the need to compare thresholds with care to avoid misinterpretation. Seasonal variations in threshold behaviours in the catchment suggested that vegetation canopy interception contributed to higher rise thresholds, and wetter conditions resulted in higher runoff sensitivity to precipitation during the growing and rainy seasons. Furthermore, the generation thresholds were higher in the dormant season, possibly due to drier soil moisture conditions in the near‐channel areas. During the vegetation recovery period, the annual generation thresholds increased, however the rise thresholds did not exhibit a similar trend. The rapid stormflow response above the threshold decreased, possibly due to transpiration and interception of the recovered vegetation. However, the slow stormflow response to small rainfall events below the thresholds was higher in wetter years but lower in drier years, suggesting that the total water input dominated the stormflow response during small rainfall events. In conclusion, the seasonal and annual variations in threshold behaviours highlight that vegetation recovery and hydro‐climatic conditions had a notable impact on the stormflow response.
Lead‐free perovskite MASnBr3‐based memristor for quaternary information storage
Authors: Qian Wen‐Hu , Cheng Xue‐Feng , Zhou Jin , He Jing‐Hui , Li Hua , Xu Qing‐Feng , Li Na‐Jun , Chen Dong‐Yun , Yao Zhi‐Gang , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMemristors are a new type of circuit element with a resistance that is tunable to discrete levels by a voltage/current and sustainable after removal of power, allowing for low‐power computation and multilevel information storage. Many organic‐inorganic lead perovskites are reported to demonstrate memristive behavior, but few have been considered for use as a multilevel memory; also, their potential application has been hindered by the toxicity of lead ions. In this article, lead‐free perovskite MASnBr3 was utilized in memristors for quaternary information storage. Indium tin oxide (ITO)/MASnBr3/Au memristors were fabricated and showed reliable memristive switching with well‐separated ON/OFF states of a maxima resistance ratio of 102 to 103. More importantly, four resistive states can be distinguished and repeatedly written/read/erased with a retention time of 104 seconds and an endurance of 104 pulses. By investigating the current‐electrode area relationship, Br distribution in the ON/OFF states by in situ Raman and scanning electron microscopy, and temperature‐dependent current decay, the memristive behavior was explicitly attributed to the forming/breaking of conductive filaments caused by the migration of Br− under an electric field. In addition, poly(ethylene terephthalate)‐ITO/MASnBr3/Au devices were found to retain their multiresistance state behavior after being bent for 1000 times, thus demonstrating good device flexibility. Our results will inspire more lead‐free perovskite work for multilevel information storage, as well as other memristor‐based electronics.image