bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inference for short‐memory time series models based on modified empirical likelihood
Authors: Piyadi Gamage Ramadha D. , Ning Wei 
Published: October 2020

SummaryEmpirical likelihood (EL) has been extensively studied to make statistical inferences for independent and dependent observations. However, it experiences the problem of under‐coverage which causes the coverage probability of the EL‐based confidence intervals to be lower than the nominal level, especially in small sample sizes. In this paper, we propose modified versions of different EL‐related methods to tackle this issue, including the adjusted EL, the EL with theoretical Bartlett correction and the EL with estimated Bartlett correction for short‐memory time series models. Asymptotic distributions of the likelihood‐type statistics are established as the standard chi‐square distribution. Simulations are conducted to compare coverage probabilities with other existing methods under different distributions. Two real data set applications demonstrate how to construct confidence regions of parameters.
Foraging in nature: Contrasting responses to resource heterogeneity at small‐ and large‐spatial scales
Authors: Jambhekar Ravi , Isvaran Kavita 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA key problem faced by foragers is how to forage when resources are distributed heterogeneously in space. This heterogeneity and associated trade‐offs may change with spatial scale. Furthermore, foragers may also have to optimize acquiring multiple resources. Such complexity of decision‐making while foraging is poorly understood. We studied the butterfly Ypthima huebneri to examine how foraging decisions of adults are influenced by spatial scale and multiple resources. We predicted that, at a small‐spatial scale, the time spent foraging in a patch should be proportional to resources in the patch, but at large‐spatial scales, due to limitations arising from large travel costs, this relationship should turn negative. We also predicted that both adult and larval resources should jointly affect foraging butterflies. To test these predictions, we laid eleven plots and sub‐divided them into patches. We mapped nectar and larval resources and measured butterfly behavior in these patches and plots. We found that adult foraging behavior showed contrasting relationships with adult resource density at small versus large‐spatial scales. At the smaller‐spatial scale, butterflies spent more time feeding in resource‐rich patches, whereas at the large‐scale, butterflies spent more time feeding in resource‐poor plots. Furthermore, both adult and larval resources appeared to affect foraging decisions, suggesting that individuals may optimize search costs for different resources. Overall, our findings suggest that the variation in foraging behavior seen in foragers might result from animals responding to complex ecological conditions, such as resource heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales and the challenges of tracking multiple resources.
Leaf damage by herbivore feeding guilds along gradients of elevation and plant species richness
Authors: Martini Francesco , Goodale Uromi Manage 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe proportion of leaves damaged by specialist guilds such as miners and sap‐feeders decreased at locations with higher species richness and at higher elevation in four subtropical forest seedling communities in south China. The effect of elevation was stronger in winter. Patterns of the generalist guild chewers were weaker.Abstract in Chinese is available with online material.
Phase I, multicenter, dose‐escalation study of avadomide in adult Japanese patients with advanced malignancies
Authors: Hatake Kiyohiko , Chou Takaaki , Doi Toshihiko , Terui Yasuhito , Kato Harumi , Hirose Takayuki , Seo Sachiko , Pourdehnad Michael , Ogaki Yumi , Fujimoto Hiroshi , Hagner Patrick R. , Yamamoto Kazuhito 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) treated with chemoimmunotherapy has limited efficacy in some patients, resulting in relapsed or refractory disease. Avadomide (CC‐122) is a novel cereblon‐binding agent that exhibits antilymphoma and immune‐modulation activities with a biological profile distinct from similar agents, such as lenalidomide. This phase I multicenter study evaluated avadomide in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors or NHL. Fourteen patients with NHL and one with a solid tumor (esophageal carcinoma), were enrolled in four dose‐escalation cohorts using a 3 + 3 design. Primary endpoints included safety, dose‐limiting toxicities (DLT), maximum‐tolerated dose and/or recommended phase II dose (RP2D), and pharmacokinetics. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response. One patient with NHL experienced DLT, which included face edema, pharyngeal edema, and tumor flare (all grade 1) that led to a dose reduction. Eleven patients had grade ≥3 treatment‐emergent adverse events, most frequently decreased neutrophil count (33%) and decreased lymphocyte count (20%). The ORR in patients with NHL (n = 13) was 54%, including four complete and three partial responses. The best response for the solid tumor patient was progressive disease. Avadomide dose intensity was consistent across cohorts, and the 3‐mg dose given five consecutive days/week was established as the RP2D. This phase I study identified a tolerable dose of avadomide, with an acceptable toxicity profile and clinically meaningful efficacy in Japanese patients with previously treated NHL.
The limits of colorimetry in cultural heritage applications
Authors: Plutino Alice , Simone Gabriele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractColours in cultural heritage are not only means of expression, but also materials with physical and chemical properties. Since the beginning of the current century, colorimetry has become a fundamental field aiming at restoring, preserving and valorising the art works. There are different colorimetric applications in cultural heritage (eg, from light design to digitisation and modelling), and the variety of cultural material is extremely wide, from statues and frescoes, to old book and films. In this heterogeneous context, the development of instruments, measurements and tools faithful to the original objects are fundamental to correctly reproducing and representing materials, contrast and colours of the works under analysis. In this work, we will analyse the main limits of colorimetry applied in cultural heritage domain considering a variety of applications on physical colour representation and on digital colour reproduction. We will focus on main state‐of‐the‐art studies, regulations and guidelines for objects illumination, colour analysis and digitisation workflow showing some practical example of issues encountered by standard pointwise colorimetry.
Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in saliva and characterization of oral symptoms in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Chen Lili , Zhao Jiajia , Peng Jinfeng , Li Xiaoshuang , Deng Xuliang , Geng Zhi , Shen Zhenyu , Guo Fengyuan , Zhang Qianwen , Jin Yang , Wang Lin , Wang Songlin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 on oral health and possible saliva transmission, we performed RNA‐seq profiles analysis from public databases and also a questionnaire survey on oral‐related symptoms of COVID‐19 patients.Materials and methodsTo analyse ACE2 expression in salivary glands, bulk RNA‐seq profiles from four public datasets including 31 COVID‐19 patients were recruited. Saliva and oropharyngeal swabs were collected. SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acids in saliva were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Additionally, a questionnaire survey on various oral symptoms such as dry mouth and amblygeustia was also carried out on COVID‐19 patients.ResultsACE2 expression was present at detectable levels in the salivary glands. In addition, of four cases with positive detection of salivary SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acids, three (75%) were critically ill on ventilator support. Furthermore, we observed the two major oral‐related symptoms, dry mouth (46.3%) and amblygeustia (47.2%), were manifested by a relatively high proportion of 108 COVID‐19 patients who accepted the questionnaire survey.ConclusionsThis study confirms the expression of ACE2 in the salivary glands and demonstrates the possibility of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of salivary glands. Saliva may be a new source of diagnostic specimens for critically ill patients, since it can be easily collected without any invasive procedures. In addition, dry mouth and amblygeustia can be considered as initial symptoms of COVID‐19 infection.
Status of single‐balloon enteroscopy‐assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with surgically altered anatomy: Systematic review and meta‐analysis on biliary interventions
Authors: Tanisaka Yuki , Ryozawa Shomei , Mizuide Masafumi , Araki Ryuichiro , Fujita Akashi , Ogawa Tomoya , Tashima Tomoaki , Noguchi Tatsuya , Suzuki Masahiro , Katsuda Hiromune 
Published: October 2020

Background and AimsEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with surgically altered anatomy is still challenging. Usefulness of single‐balloon enteroscopy (SBE)‐assisted ERCP has been increasingly reported. Short SBE is considered beneficial with a 152‐cm working length and a 3.2‐mm working channel. This has increased the variety of devices that can be used during ERCP procedures. The aim of this pooled analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of SBE‐assisted ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy and elucidate the current status.MethodsThis systematic review only involved biliary interventions which excluded pancreatic cases. Studies involving SBE‐assisted ERCP in patients with Roux‐en‐Y gastrectomy, hepaticojejunostomy with Roux‐en‐Y, pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple or Child procedure), or Billroth II gastrectomy were analyzed. Enteroscopy, biliary cannulation, and procedural success were assessed by pooling data in a random‐effect model, according to the degree of heterogeneity, to obtain a proportion with 95% confidence interval (CI). The outcomes observed for conventional and short SBE cases were also reported.ResultsOverall, 1227 SBE‐assisted ERCP procedures from 21 studies were included. The pooled enteroscopy, biliary cannulation, and procedural success rates were 86.6% (95% CI, 82.4–90.3%), 90% (95% CI, 87.1–92.5%), and 75.8% (95% CI, 71.0–80.3%), respectively. Adverse events occurred in 6.6% (95% CI, 5.3–8.2%) of the procedures. Although good outcomes were reported for short SBE‐assisted ERCP, these should not be directly compared to the outcomes observed for conventional SBE, as they assume different backgrounds and include confounding variables.ConclusionsSingle‐balloon enteroscopy‐assisted ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy on biliary interventions is effective.
Efficacy and safety of linagliptin as add‐on therapy to insulin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Yang Wenying , Xu Xiangjin , Lei Tao , Ma Jianhua , Li Ling , Shen Jie , Ye Binqi , Zhu Sandy , Meinicke Thomas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis 24‐week, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of linagliptin in 206 Chinese patients with inadequately controlled (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] 7.5%–10.0%) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving insulin (basal or premixed) ± metformin. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive linagliptin 5 mg/d or placebo. The decrease from baseline in HbA1c (primary endpoint) was greater with linagliptin than with placebo (−0.61% vs. −0.20%, adjusted mean difference −0.40%; P = 0.0016). Linagliptin demonstrated significantly greater improvement in 2‐hour postprandial glucose (−1.77 mmol/L [−31.95 mg/dL]; P < 0.001), and a numerical reduction in fasting plasma glucose (−0.34 mmol/L [−6.2 mg/dL]; P = 0.2241) versus placebo. Proportionally more patients on linagliptin achieved a HbA1c reduction of ≥0.5% versus those on placebo (odds ratio 2.293, P < 0.01). Adverse events in both groups were similar, with no new safety findings or clinically relevant changes in body weight. Among investigator‐defined hypoglycaemic events (linagliptin: 17.3%; placebo: 12.7%; odds ratio 1.48, P = 0.337), none were severe. In Chinese patients with T2DM, linagliptin add‐on to insulin improved glycaemic control and was well tolerated, without increased risk of hypoglycaemia or weight gain.
Cerebrospinal fluid protein in Guillain–Barré syndrome: Need for age‐dependent interpretation
Authors: Hegen Harald , Ladstätter Felix , Bsteh Gabriel , Auer Michael , Berek Klaus , Di Pauli Franziska , Walde Janette , Wanschitz Julia , Zinganell Anne , Deisenhammer Florian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeElevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total protein in patients with acute ascending paresis is indicative of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). Recent studies showed that the outdated, but still widely used upper reference limit (URL) for CSF total protein of 0.45 g/L leads to false‐positive results, mainly as a result of lack of age‐adjustment. The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of increased CSF total protein in adult GBS patients according to a new age‐dependent URL.MethodsPatients with GBS treated at the Medical University of Innsbruck between 2000 and 2018 were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, electrophysiological and CSF data were obtained from patients' medical charts. Frequency of increased CSF total protein depending on disease duration was compared using the conventional URL of 0.45 g/L and the age‐dependent URL.ResultsNinety‐seven patients with GBS aged 57 ± 18 years, comprising 38% women, underwent CSF sampling within a median of 6 days after symptom onset. The median CSF total protein concentration was 0.65 g/L and correlated with disease duration. Overall, 74% of patients had elevated CSF total protein levels using the conventional URL, as opposed to 52% applying the age‐dependent URL. At 0–3, 4–7, 8–14 and >14 days after disease onset, elevated CSF total protein was found in 46%, 84%, 78% and 100% of patients using the conventional URL, and in 32%, 53%, 65% and 64% of patients using the age‐dependent URL. In multivariate analysis, significant predictors of elevated CSF total protein were disease duration and the demyelinating GBS variant. Similar results were obtained for CSF/serum albumin quotient (Qalb).ConclusionFewer true‐positives for CSF total protein and Qalb must be considered in suspected GBS, especially in the early disease course.
Males mate indiscriminately in the tropical jumping spider Hasarius adansoni (Audouin, 1826)
Authors: Castilho Leonardo B. , Andrade Maydianne C. B. , Macedo Regina H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTraditionally, sexual selection has been seen as a process in which choosy females select non‐choosy males. Recent studies, however, have challenged this view by showing that males can also be choosy in many species. We assessed the sexual preferences in males of the tropical jumping spider Hasarius adansoni (Audouin, 1826). We measured mating effort in males and determined how female quality influences offspring quality, quantity, and survival. We also estimated total sperm load and how much sperm was invested in a mating with a particular female. We found no evidence of male mating effort in terms of mating frequency nor sperm investment. Similarly, there was no relationship between female quality (i.e., size and condition) and offspring quality (i.e., survival and feeding performance) or quantity. We found strong evidence that the sperm invested in a particular female is a function of the amount of sperm the male had available for usage at that particular mating. The fact that males probably find females sequentially, along with the lack of relationship between female quality and offspring quality/quantity, likely explains the lack of differences in mating effort by males.
“Two‐Eyed Seeing”: An Indigenous framework to transform fisheries research and management
Authors: Reid Andrea J. , Eckert Lauren E. , Lane John‐Francis , Young Nathan , Hinch Scott G. , Darimont Chris T. , Cooke Steven J. , Ban Natalie C. , Marshall Albert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncreasingly, fisheries researchers and managers seek or are compelled to “bridge” Indigenous knowledge systems with Western scientific approaches to understanding and governing fisheries. Here, we move beyond the all‐too‐common narrative about integrating or incorporating (too often used as euphemisms for assimilating) other knowledge systems into Western science, instead of building an ethic of knowledge coexistence and complementarity in knowledge generation using Two‐Eyed Seeing as a guiding framework. Two‐Eyed Seeing (Etuaptmumkin Mi’kmaw) embraces “learning to see from one eye with the strengths of Indigenous knowledges and ways of knowing, and from the other eye with the strengths of mainstream knowledges and ways of knowing, and to use both these eyes together, for the benefit of all,” as envisaged by Elder Dr. Albert Marshall. In this paper, we examine the notion of knowledge dichotomies and imperatives for knowledge coexistence and draw parallels between Two‐Eyed Seeing and other analogous Indigenous frameworks from around the world. It is set apart from other Indigenous frameworks in its explicit action imperative—central to Two‐Eyed Seeing is the notion that knowledge transforms the holder and that the holder bears a responsibility to act on that knowledge. We explore its operationalization through three Canadian aquatic and fisheries case‐studies that co‐develop questions, document and mobilize knowledge, and co‐produce insights and decisions. We argue that Two‐Eyed Seeing provides a pathway to a plural coexistence, where time‐tested Indigenous knowledge systems can be paired with, not subsumed by, Western scientific insights for an equitable and sustainable future.
Elevated atmospheric CO2 reduces yield‐scaled N2O fluxes from subtropical rice systems: Six site‐years field experiments
Authors: Yao Zhisheng , Wang Rui , Zheng Xunhua , Mei Baoling , Zhou Zaixing , Xie Baohua , Dong Haibo , Liu Chunyan , Han Shenghui , Xu Zhongjun , Butterbach‐Bahl Klaus , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncreasing levels of atmospheric CO2 are expected to enhance crop yields and alter soil greenhouse gas fluxes from rice paddies. While elevated CO2 () effects on CH4 emissions from rice paddies have been studied in some detail, little is known how might affect N2O fluxes or yield‐scaled emissions. Here, we report on a multi‐site, multi‐year in‐situ FACE (free‐air CO2 enrichment) study, aiming to determine N2O fluxes and crop yields from Chinese subtropical rice systems as affected by . In this study, we tested various N fertilization and residue addition treatments, with rice being grown under either (+200 μmol/mol) or ambient control. Across the six site‐years, rice straw and grain yields under were increased by 9%–40% for treatments fertilized with ≥150 kg N/ha, while seasonal N2O emissions were decreased by 23%–73%. Consequently, yield‐scaled N2O emissions were significantly lower under . For treatments receiving insufficient fertilization (≤125 kg N/ha), however, no significant effects on N2O emissions were observed. The mitigating effect of upon N2O emissions is closely associated with plant N uptake and a reduction of soil N availability. Nevertheless, increases in yield‐scaled N2O emissions with increasing N surplus suggests that N surplus is a useful indicator for assessing N2O emissions from rice paddies. Our findings indicate that with rising atmospheric CO2 soil N2O emissions from rice paddies will decrease, given that the farmers’ N fertilization is usually sufficient for crop growth. The expected decrease in N2O emissions was calculated to compensate 24% of the simultaneously observed increase in CH4 emissions under . This shows that for an agronomic and environmental assessment of effects on rice systems, not only CH4 emissions, but also N2O fluxes and yield‐scaled emissions need to be considered for identifying most climate‐friendly and economically viable options for future rice production.
Towards a feminist parental ethics
Authors: Kelly Simon , Senior Adele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDrawing on our experiences of parenting during the global COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020, we explore the potential for a feminist parental ethics through which parenting can be rethought, reclaimed, and so brought forth as a vital and valuable assemblage of collective articulation work, shared “motherings,” and embodied interconnectivities of caring for and caring with the other. A feminist parental ethics is particularly important in the neoliberal academic context, where the responsibilities of caregiving that lockdown has thrust upon many workers in higher education have been largely downplayed, dismissed, or even ignored across the sector in the interest of maintaining “business as usual.” In response, we ask: “who is caring for the parents?” and we call for an extended idea of parenting beyond the familial as a means of differently organizing our societies, workplaces, and institutions around a shared locus of care.
Rationalizing the postfeminist paradox: The case of UK women veterinary professionals
Authors: Treanor Lorna , Marlow Susan , Swail Janine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article critically evaluates how highly qualified women veterinary surgeons make sense of their constrained professional career progression in a context of postfeminism. Postfeminism posits that agentic individualism, combined with professional accreditation, generates a meritocratic pathway for career attainment. A dilemma emerges in the form of a postfeminist paradox however, as this rhetoric of opportunity is not translated into a reality of achievement. To make sense of this dilemma, women can either assume blame for their lack of career progression or accept the presence of discriminatory bias, contrary to postfeminist assumptions of individual opportunities premised upon agency. To illustrate these arguments, we explore how these professional women rationalize their constrained career progression and in the process, illustrate the impact of postfeminism upon the psychic lives of individual women.