bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early changes of energy metabolism, isoformic content and level of titin phosphorylation at diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Lakomkin V. L. , Abramov A. A. , Studneva I. M. , Ulanova A. D. , Vikhlyantsev I. M. , Prosvirnin A. V. , Lukoshkova E. V. , Kapelko V. I. 
Published: April 2020

Relevance. Diastolic dysfunction occurring at hypertension, obesity, diabetes, or treatment with doxorubicin tends to prevail in all patterns of chronic heart failure. Lack of effective therapy forces to look more into the metabolic processes in cardiomyocytes.Objective. Assess energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes and changes in titin, a giant myofibril protein that responsible for their elasticity.Material and Methods. The study model was cardiomyopathy occurring after the 4-week administration of doxorubicin (2 mg/kg weekly). Diastolic dysfunction was identified by echocardiography and catheterization with the simultaneous measurement of pressure and volume of the left ventricle (LV).Results. The levels of adenine nucleotides and phosphocreatine in the heart of animals treated with doxorubicin differed little from the normal values, but lactate levels were increased manifold. A 50% increase in the level of titin phosphorylation was detected, which correlated (r = 0,94) with a nearly twofold increase in the share of a more elastic N2BA-isoform of this protein.Conclusion. This form of diastolic dysfunction involves the activation of anaerobic metabolism and increased stretching of myofibrils facilitating LV filling.
Study of caesarean section at tertiary care centre: a retrospective study
Authors: Kose Varsha , Sadhvi Kumari 
Published: April 2020

Background: Caesarean section (C-section) is one of the most widely performed surgical procedure in obstetrics worldwide. The WHO guidelines revised in 1994 states that the proportion of C-section birth should range between 5-15% but both in developed and developing countries C-section rate is on the rise. This study was conducted to analyse the frequency and indications for C-section and associated maternal morbidity and mortality.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period from January 2018 to May 2019 at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Hingna, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Data of patients who delivered by C-section in our hospital during the defined study period were studied and statistically analysed according to various parameters namely, the frequency of caesarean section, its indications, age, parity and gestational age of the patient.Results: The total number of women delivered over the study period were 2811. Out of which C-sections were done in 1461 women (51.97%). Previous C-section was the leading indication in 35.72% women followed by fetal distress 14.09%, failure of induction 12.93%, arrest of labour 7.93%, PIH 7.18%, oligo/IUGR 6.50%, breech 4.44%, refusal of vaginal birth 4.24%, CPD 1.71%, bad obstetrics history (BOH) 1.43%, malpresentation 1.30%, prematurity 1.23%, and multifetal gestation in 1.09% women. Two women had classical C-section 0.07. 14.09% women had various complications. There was no maternal mortality.Conclusions: A high rate of caesarean deliveries was observed. Individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines can help us to limit C-section. Audit and feedback are the best way to judge clinical practice and to reduce the frequency of caesarean section in any tertiary setup.
Anaphylaxis to Oatmeal and Psocid Crisps
Authors: Babaie Delara , Vadas Peter 
Published: April 2020

Occasionally, a seemingly straightforward history of food-induced anaphylaxis may prove to be misleading. Both patients and their physicians have a tendency to attribute the cause of an allergic reaction to the most conspicuous ingredient that had been ingested while overlooking less likely causes. Here, we describe a patient whose history pointed to oatmeal allergy, but skin prick tests to oats and serologic testing for oat-specific IgE were negative. Ultimately, we found that the oatmeal had been contaminated with an allergenic insect, Psocid of the order Psocoptera.
Diagnóstico ecográfico prenatal de la Pentalogía de Cantrell
Authors: Cortés Y. Hernán , Vélez V. José Fernando 
Published: April 2020

En 1958, Cantrell describió un síndrome caracterizado por cinco defectos que incluyen: ectopia cordis, onfalocele, disrupción del esternón distal, diafragma anterior y pericardio diafragmático. Se presenta un caso de pentalogía de Cantrell con diagnóstico ecográfico tardío, ecocardiografía luego del nacimiento y estudio post mórtem. Se hace además una corta revisión de la literatura.
TARIFF ELIMINATION: IMPACTS AND TREATMENTS FOR RESOLVING NIGERIA-EPAs STALEMATE
Authors: Onogwu Godwin Odo , Bzugu Peter Madu , C. Ani Emmanuel 
Published: April 2020

In this manuscript, attempts were made to assess the impacts on Nigeria of full and instant tariff elimination from agricultural imports. A schedule of annual percentage reductions till full elimination as against an instant total or arbitrary elimination across all imports from the EU, as well asthe expected annual provisions via aids for envisaged trade to install infrastructural capacity aimed at forestalling fiscal imbalance, leading to stabilization for Nigeria, advocated. The study evaluates the likely share of Nigeria’s imports from the European Union (EU), Economic Community of West African States(ECOWAS), and the rest of the world (ROW) in major agricultural product sections trade. The World Integrated Trade Solutions (WITs) platform was used to illicit a likely Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) scenario import data through a tariff eliminated query set up. The major impacts estimated include the resultant consumption impact, revenue impact, welfare impact, trade creation and diversion impacts, welfare impact of trade creation with consumption impact, and Welfare impacts of trade diversion with consumption impacts, in addition to their implications for scheduled tariff eliminations. Summary results were presented at product section levels as percentage of the impacts to contribution of agricultural sector in Nigeria’s GDP. Based on the estimated impacts and terms of trade deal, it is recommended that Nigeria should follow a schedule of percentage tariff reduction across product sections relative to the current most favored nations’ rather than arbitrary measures as a major policy of liberalizing trade. An annual percent tariff reduction rates over the 25 years, of 0.38%; 1.35%; 0.62%; 0.72%; and 0.2, for product sections 01-05, respectively, is recommended. In addition, it is also recommended that corresponding tariff losses in revenue due to scheduled reductions in tariff should be provided annually via aid for trade, for improvement in infrastructure, production and exportation that will sustain and improve intra, inter and extra regional trade in a growth and globalization pursuit aided by the EU. Keywords: International Agricultural Product Imports; Aid for Trade; EPAs; Impacts; Percentage Tariff Reduction Schedule.JEL Classification: F; F1; F6
Engineering Waterfloods for Improved Oil Recovery
Authors: Craig F. F. 
Published: April 2020

This presentation was an SPE Distinguished Lecture during 1971-1972.
Waterflooding has come a long way since it was first tried in 1865, over one hundred years ago, in the Pithole City area of Pennsylvania. Its first use was to maintain the reservoir pressure, Pennsylvania. Its first use was to maintain the reservoir pressure, and thus allow wells to have a longer productive life than they would by pressure depletion. Since that first project, waterflooding has climbed to a dominant role among fluid injection methods. It has a number of things going for it: (1) water is generally available, (2) it can be injected with relative ease because of the hydraulic head it possesses in the injection well, (3) it spreads well throughout an possesses in the injection well, (3) it spreads well throughout an oil-bearing formation, and (4) water is generally efficient in displacing oil. Increased knowledge of waterflooding has kept pace with its popularity. With today's technology we can engineer waterfloods for popularity. With today's technology we can engineer waterfloods for improved oil recovery. (Slide 1) My talk this evening is divided into three sections: a description of the steps an engineer goes through in planning a waterflood and predicting its performance, a discussion of the practical use of predicting its performance, a discussion of the practical use of waterflood predictions involving the comparison of actual and predicted performance during a project's life, and lastly a few observations on performance during a project's life, and lastly a few observations on improved waterflooding techniques. But first it's pertinent to see the current status of waterflooding as an oil recovery method. (Slide 2) This slide shows a plot of the daily oil producing rate in the United States resulting from fluid injection, with waterflooding accounting for nearly all this production.
Molecular detection of Bartonella in ixodid ticks and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in Shiqu County, China
Authors: Hao Lili , Yuan Dongbo , Guo Li , Hou Wei , Mo Xi , Yin Jie , Yang Aiguo , Li Rui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Bartonella bacteria have been associated with an increasingly wide range of human and animal diseases. They were identified as being globally dispersed as emerging pathogens. Ticks and small rodents are known as hosts of human and animal bartonellosis. They play a significant role in the preservation and circulation of bartonellae in nature. This study investigates the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in ticks and plateau pika in Shiqu county which is located on the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau in China. Shiqu county is spread over approximately 26,000 square kilometers, with an average altitude of above 4,200 meters and vast area of pastureland.Results: A total of 818 ticks (Dermacentor everestianus, 79.0%, 646/818; Haemphysalis qinghaiensis, 21.0%, 172/818) were collected in 4 villages of Shiqu county. Only Bartonella melophagi was detected in tick samples with a total prevalence of 30.1% (246/818). The infection rates of Bartonella spp. in ticks from Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma were 4.8%, 76.8%, 12.5%, and 18.0% respectively. The infection rate of Bartonella spp. in Maga was higher (p< 0.01) than in other villages. Regarding plateau pika, the total infection rate of Bartonella spp was 24.1%, with 20.8% (15/72), 30.9% (25/81), 13.8% (9/65), and 29.4% (20/68) in Arizha, Maga, Derongma, and Changxgma respectively. Finally, B. queenslandensis, B. grahamii, and two unvalidated Bartonella species were detected. No significant difference was observed (p> 0.05) in the infection rates between these study sites.Conclusion: To date, only D. everestianus and H. qinghaiensis were found in Shiqu county with high infection of Bartonella spp. in the ticks and plateau pika. The threats of Bartonella species to the public health should be closely monitored.
Upregulation of pERK and c-JUN by γ-tocotrienol and not α-tocopherol are essential to the differential effect on apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
Authors: Moore Christine , Palau Victoria , Mahboob Rashid , Lightner Janet , Stone William , Krishnan Koyamangalath 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: α-tocopherol (AT) and γ-tocotrienol (GT3) are vitamin E isoforms considered to have potential chemopreventive properties. AT has been widely studied in vitro and in clinical trials with mixed results. The latest clinical study (SELECT trial) tested AT in prostate cancer patients, determined that AT provided no benefit, and could promote cancer. Conversely, GT3 has shown antineoplastic properties in several in vitro studies, with no clinical studies published to date. GT3 causes apoptosis via upregulation of the JNK pathway; however, inhibition results in a partial block of cell death. We compared side by side the mechanistic differences in these cells in response to AT and GT3.Methods: The effects of GT3 and AT were studied on androgen sensitive LNCaP and androgen independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Their cytotoxic effects were analyzed via MTT and confirmed by metabolic assays measuring ATP. Cellular pathways were studied by immunoblot. Quantitative analysis and the determination of relationships between cell signaling events were analyzed for both agents tested. Non-cancerous prostate RWPE-1 cells were also included as a control. Results: The RAF/RAS/ERK pathway was significantly activated by GT3 in LNCaP and PC-3 cells but not by AT. This activation is essential for the apoptotic affect by GT3 as demonstrated the complete inhibition of apoptosis by MEK1 inhibitor U0126. Phospho-c-JUN was upregulated by GT3 but not AT. No changes were observed on AKT for either agent, and no release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm was detected. Caspases 9 and 3 were efficiently activated by GT3 on both cell lines irrespective of androgen sensitivity, but not in cells dosed with AT. Cell viability of non-cancerous RWPE-1 cells was affected neither by GT3 nor AT. Conclusions: c-JUN is a recognized master regulator of apoptosis as shown previously in prostate cancer. However, the mechanism of action of GT3 in these cells also include a significant activation of ERK which is essential for the apoptotic effect of GT3. The activation of both, ERK and c-JUN, is required for apoptosis and may suggest a relevant step in ensuring circumvention of mechanisms of resistance related to the constitutive activation of MEK1.
Association of PIN3 16-bp Duplication Polymorphism of TP53 gene with Breast Cancer Risk in Mali and A Meta-analysis.
Authors: Diakite Brehima , Kassogue Yaya , Dolo Guimogo , Kassogue Oumar , Keita Mamadou Lassine , Joyce Brian , Neuschler Erin , Wang Jun , Musa Jonah , Traore Cheick Bougari , Kamate Bakarou , Dembele Etienne , Sellama Nadifi , Isichei Mercy , Holl Jane L , Murphy Robert , Doumbia Seydou , Hou Lifang , Maiga Mamoudou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background. Breast cancer, the most common tumor in women in Mali and worldwide has been linked to several risk factors, including genetic factors, such as the PIN3 16-bp duplication polymorphism of TP53 gene. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of the PIN3 16-bp duplication polymorphism in the susceptibility to breast cancer in the Malian population and to perform a meta-analysis to better understand the correlation with data from other populations.Methods. We analyzed the PIN3 16-bp duplication polymorphism in blood samples of 60 Malian women with breast cancer and 60 healthy appearing Malian women using PCR. In addition, we performed a meta-analysis of data from case-control studies published in articles retrieved from international databases (Pubmed, Harvard University Library, Genetics Medical Literature Database, Genesis Library and Web of Science). Overall, odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI from fixed and random effects models were determined. Inconsistency was used to assess heterogeneity between studies and publication bias was estimated using the funnel plot.Results. In the studied Malian patients, a significant association of PIN3 16-bp duplication polymorphism with breast cancer risk was observed in dominant (A1A2+A2A2 vs. A1A1: OR = 2.26, CI 95% = 1.08-4.73; P = 0.02) and additive (A2 vs. A1: OR =1.87, CI 95% = 1.05-3.33; P = 0.03) models, but not the recessive model (P = 0.38). In the meta-analysis, nineteen (19) articles were included with a total of 6,018 disease cases and 4,456 controls. Except for the dominant model (P = 0.15), an increased risk of breast cancer was detected with the recessive (OR=1.46, 95% CI = 1.15-1.85; P = 0.002) and additive (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.19; P = 0.01) models.Conclusion. The Malian case-control study suggests that PIN3 16-bp polymorphism duplication of TP53 gene is an important risk factor for breast cancer in Malian women. These findings are supported by the meta-analysis of studies from different ethnicities.
Characterization of a potential probiotic bacterium Lactococcus raffinolactis WiKim0068 isolated from fermented vegetable using genomic and in vitro analyses
Authors: Jung Min Young , Lee Changsu , Seo Myung-Ji , Lee Se Hee , Roh Seong Woon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Lactococcus members belonging to lactic acid bacteria are widely used as starter bacteria in the production of fermented dairy products. From kimchi, a Korean food made of fermented vegetables, Lactococcus raffinolactis WiKim0068 was isolated and its genome was analyzed. Results: The complete genome of the strain WiKim0068 consists of one chromosome and two plasmids that comprises 2,292,235 bp, with a G+C content of 39.7 mol%. Analysis of orthoANI values among Lactococcus genome sequences showed that the strain WiKim0068 has > 67% sequence similarity to other species and subspecies. In addition, it displayed no antibiotic resistance and can metabolize nicotinate and nicotinamide (vitamin B3). Conclusion: These results augments our understanding of the genus Lactococcus and suggest that this new strain has potential industrial applications.
Behavioural plasticity of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles arabiensis undermines LLIN community protective effect in a Sudanese-savannah village in Burkina Faso
Authors: Perugini Eleonora , Guelbeogo Wamdaogo Moussa , Calzetta Maria , Manzi Sara , Virgillito Chiara , Caputo Beniamino , Pichler Verena , Ranson Hilary , Sagnon N'Fale , Torre Alessandra della , Pombi Marco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the overall major impact of Long Lasting Insecticide treated Nets (LLINs) in eliciting individual and collective protection to malaria infections, some sub-Saharan Countries, including Burkina Faso, still carry a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. This study aims to analyse the possible entomological bases of LLIN limited impact, focusing on a LLIN-protected village in the Plateau Central region of Burkina Faso. Methods: Human Landing Catches (HLCs) were carried out in 2015 both indoors and outdoors at different time-windows during the highest biting activity phase for Anopheles gambiae s.l. Collected specimens were morphologically and molecularly identified and processed for Plasmodium detection and L1014F insecticide-resistance allele genotyping. Results: Almost 2.000 unfed An. gambiae s.l. (54% Anopheles coluzzii , 44% Anopheles arabiensis ) females landing on human volunteers were collected, corresponding to a median number of 23.5 females/person/hour. No significant differences are observed in median numbers of mosquitoes collected indoor and outdoor, nor between sporozoite rates in An. coluzzii (6.1%) and An. arabiensis (5.5%). The estimated median hourly Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) on volunteers is 1.4 infective bites/person/hour. Results do not show evidence of the biting peak during night hours typical for An. gambiae s.l. in the absence of bednet protection. The frequency of L1014F resistant allele (N=285) was 66% in An. coluzzii and 38% in An. arabiensis . Conclusions: The observed biting rate and sporozoite rates are in line with the literature data available for An. gambiae s.l . in the same geographical area before LLIN implementation and highlight high levels of malaria transmission in the study village. Homogeneous biting rate throughout the night and lack of preference for indoor-biting activity suggest the capacity of both An. coluzzii and An. arabiensis to adjust their host-seeking behaviour to bite humans despite bednet protection, accounting for the maintenance of high rates of mosquito infectivity and malaria transmission. These results – despite being limited to a local situation in Burkina Faso – represent a paradigmatic example of how high densities and behavioural plasticity in the vector population may contribute to explain the limited impact of LLINs on malaria transmission in holo-endemic Sudanese savannah areas in West Africa.
Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease patients from Central China
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhao Qiang , Fang Xing , Xu Meiling , Tang Jie , Zhang Yu , Gao Ping , Sun Xiaodong , Sang Ming , Wang Puqing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, pathologic and epidemiologic studies suggest that gut microbiota may play important roles in the occurrence and progression of Parkinson's disease. However, the alterations in fecal microbiome in PD patients from Central China has not been investigated. Therefore, in this case-control study, we characterised the gut microbial community of 46 PD patients and compared it to those of healthy spouses by using metagenomic shotgun sequencing. Correlation between altered microbiota and clinical features were examined, functional pathways of gut microbiota were estimated, and potential biomarker were explored for further understaning of gut microbiota in PD. Results: Microbial communities in the feces of PD patients were notably different from those of healthy spouses at species level. Gut microbiota of patients was characterized by depletion of Prevotella_copri and Bacteroides_fragilis, while the Bacteroides_stercoris and Escherichia_coli were markedly elevated. Correlation analysis found that most identified species were negatively correlated with disease clinical features. In particular, Prevotella_copri was negatively correlated with age and UPDRS Ⅲ score. Random forest model indicated that 6 species including Prevotella_copri had good predictive value for disease. Functional analyses of the metagenomes revealed differences in microbiota metabolism. Pathways associated with superpathway of thiamin diphosphate biosynthesis, 4-aminobutanoate degradation, glucose-1-phosphate degradation and methylphosphonate degradation were significant increase in patients, while pathways associated with aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, chorismate biosynthesis, thiamin formation and pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides salvage were significantly decrease. Functional pathways of Prevotella_copri were mainly concentrated in UMP biosynthesis, S-adenosyl-L-methionine cycle and guanosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed changes of gut microbiota in Chinese patients with PD. Altered microbiota had correlation with the clinical characteristics of disease, which may used as potential biomarkers. Different functional pathways of gut microbiota in PD patients will help to improve our understanding of the mechanism in disease, and targeting on gut microbiota may be one of the new therapeutic choices of PD in the future.