bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic evaluation of a novel double lumen cannula for left ventricle assist device system
Authors: Yu Honglong , Feng Xuefeng , Xie Yao , Xie Qilian , Peng Hu 
Published: December 2024

Background The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has been proven to be an effective therapy for providing temporary circulatory support. However, the use of this device can cause myocardial injury due to multiple insertions of various catheters. Objective Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic performance of a newly developed double-lumen catheter (DLC) for LVAD. Methods Two different LVAD DLC prototypes (a semi-circular and a concentric catheter) were designed based on the structure of venous DLC. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using the finite element method. The CFD results were confirmed through the testing of the 31 Fr prototype. The aorta is a large vessel with shear rates up to >300 s−1 and we used a reasonable approximation to model blood as a Newtonian fluid. Results At a flow rate of 5 L/min, the semi-circular prototype achieved an infusion pressure of 74.68 mmHg, while the concentric prototype achieved an infusion pressure of 46.11 mmHg. The CFD results matched the experimental results with a mean percentage error of less than 7%. The peak wall shear stress in the semi-circular prototype (717.5 Pa) was higher than the hemolysis threshold (400 Pa), which could cause blood damage, and it also had a higher hemolysis index compared to concentric prototype. Moreover, both prototypes exhibited areas of blood stagnation and recirculation, suggesting a possible risk of thrombosis. Conclusion Both prototypes of the LVAD DLC demonstrated similar blood flow rates. The semi-circular prototype showed superior infusion pressure compared to the concentric prototype, but had poorer hemolysis performance. However, the potential risk of thrombosis for both still exists. Therefore, further in vivo experiments are necessary to verify the safety and effectiveness of the LVAD DLC.
Unraveling the genetic mysteries of sarcopenia: A bioinformatics approach
Authors: Deng Hui , Wang Yuming , Dai Yang , Wang Qian , Lu Hao , Wang Qing 
Published: December 2024

Objective To study the genetic expression of sarcopenia using bioinformatics methods. Methods A Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to construct coexpression networks, along with protein-protein interaction networks. Diagnostic biomarker potential was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. An analysis of Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was performed in order to determine the amount of immune cell infiltration. We analyzed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment using the KEGG. Results WGCNA identified modules linked to bone metabolism, ssGSEA showed unique gene enrichment patterns, and 268 genes were found to be differentially expressed in sarcopenia. Fourteen co-expression modules related to bone metabolism were identified, with one showing a strong positive correlation. KEGG pathway analysis indicated downregulation of the renin-angiotensin system and Alzheimer's disease pathways. The differentially expressed genes were primarily involved in adipocyte differentiation. Conclusion This study analyzes genetic changes and immune cell patterns in sarcopenia, providing insights into its causes and potential diagnostic markers for future research on treatments.
Evaluation of wearable device technology in terms of health and safety in firefighters
Authors: Aksüt Güler , Eren Tamer 
Published: December 2024

Objectives Firefighting is one of the tasks that is physically difficult to perform and carries a high risk of injury and death. A better understanding of the underlying factors that influence the causes of fire scene injuries can improve firefighters’ safety. For this reason, the study aimed to determine the importance of Smart Personal Protective Equipment and wearable technology in protecting the health and safety of firefighters by using them instead of traditional equipment and systems. According to expert opinions and literature reviews, the dangers faced by firefighters have been determined to be thermal, physical, biological, environmental, and chemical. Methods Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) methods were used in the study. The AHP method was preferred because it is a systematic decision-making method that includes both ranking and comparison techniques. The PROMETHEE method was preferred because it provides the opportunity to make effective decisions in a very short time by basing the decision-making process on a scientific basis. In addition to the graphical representation of the ranking of alternatives, it offers decision-makers the opportunity to make various statistical analyses. Results The weights of the hazards were calculated using the AHP method. Physical hazards accounted for the highest weight. PROMETHEE was used in the ranking of wearable smart technological products to protect the health and safety of firefighters. Conclusions Products are listed as Personal Protection System, PROeTEX PPE, Wearable IoT Device, Flame Resistant Shirt, Fall Detection Systems, Smart Wearable Underwear, and WASP. With the study, it was concluded that the risk of firefighters being trapped would play an essential role in the prevention of death and injury. Improvements in wearable technological products used in the fire department will yield better results and increase safety.
Advancement of post-market surveillance of medical devices leveraging artificial intelligence: Infusion pumps case study
Authors: Merdović Nejra , Spahić Lemana , Hundur Madžida , Pokvić Lejla Gurbeta , Badnjević Almir 
Published: December 2024

Background Analysis of data from incident registries such as MAUDE has identified the need to improve surveillance and maintenance strategies for infusion pumps to enhance patient and healthcare staff safety. Objective The ultimate goal is to enhance infusion pump management strategies in healthcare facilities, thus transforming the current reactive approach to infusion pump management into a proactive and predictive one. Method This study utilized real data collected from 2015 to 2021 through the inspection of infusion pumps in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Inspections were conducted by the national laboratory in accordance with the Legal Metrology Framework, accredited to ISO 17020 standard. Out of 988 samples, 790 were used for model training, while 198 samples were set aside for validation (20% of the dataset). Various machine learning algorithms for binary classification of samples (pass/fail status) were considered, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Machine. These algorithms were chosen for their ability to handle large datasets and potential for high prediction accuracy. Results Through detailed analysis of the achieved results, it was found that all applied machine learning methods yielded satisfactory results, with accuracy ranging from 0.98% to 1.0%, precision from 0.99% to 1%, sensitivity from 0.98% to 1.0%, and specificity from 0.87% to 1.0%. However, Decision Tree and Random Forest methods proved to be the best, both due to their maximum achieved values of accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity, and due to result interpretability. Conclusion It has been established that machine learning methods are capable of identifying potential issues before they become critical, thus playing a crucial role in predicting the performance of infusion pumps, potentially enhancing the safety, reliability, and efficiency of healthcare delivery. Further research is needed to explore the potential application of machine learning algorithms in various healthcare domains and to address practical issues related to the implementation of these algorithms in real clinical settings.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of patients with SMARCA4-deficient lung cancer
Authors: Xu Lingling , Xu Xianquan , Wu Pengfei , Ye Wei , Zhao Jieting , Yang Jingwen , Yao Yuanyuan , Chen Maoxi , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Anbang , Fan Yanbo 
Published: December 2024

Background SMARCA4-deficient NSCLC is a rare type of tumor, accounting for approximately 10% of all NSCLC. It exhibits a weak response to conventional chemotherapy and has a poor prognosis, and lacks alterations in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase), and ROS1 (ROS proto-oncogene 1) genes Therefore, the mechanisms of SMARCA4 in NSCLC development urgently need to be explored to identify novel biomarkers and precise therapeutic strategies for this subtype. Objective The aim of this study was to understand the clinical characteristics of this special type of tumor and its response to different treatments. Methods We collected clinical data from 42 patients with SMARCA4-deficient NSCLC from July 2022 to January 2024, and analyzed their clinical features and survival state. Results The study included a total of 42 patients diagnosed with NSCLC and harboring SMARCA4 mutation. The majority of these patients were male with a median age of 67 years. Most patients presented at stage IV upon diagnosis with highly aggressive tumors characterized by high Ki-67 proliferation index values resulting in poor overall prognosis. Genetic testing revealed TP53 gene mutations to be most prevalent (21%), followed by KRAS mutations (13%). Patients receiving immunotherapy exhibited significantly longer median overall survival compared to those treated solely with chemotherapy. Targeted drug therapy demonstrated favorable effects in some patients. Conclusion NSCLC patients harboring SMARCA4 deficiency exhibit poor overall survival rates with a median overall survival time of 5.4 months. Immunotherapy may provide benefits for NSCLC patients with SMARCA4 deficiency.
Predictive value of mNUTRIC score for chronic critical illness in patients of sepsis complicated with ARDS
Authors: Ji Mingxia , Zhu Linlin , Chen Mengyan , Wang Yi , Qiu Weiyong , Zhang Ning 
Published: December 2024

Background To explore the predictive value of the modified NUTrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) for patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) developing into chronic critical illness (CCI). Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on 118 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Yiwu Central Hospital from January 2020 to May 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups: CCI and rapid recovery (RAP), based on the occurrence of CCI. Age, gender, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, albumin, serum creatinine, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), mNUTRIC score, ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) were compared between the two groups. The association between mNUTRIC and CCI in patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS was further examined using three models and multivariate logistic regression.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to analyze the predictive values of mNUTRIC score, SOFA score, and APACHE II score for predicting the occurrence of CCI in patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS. Results The age, mNUTRIC score, SOFA score, APACHE II score, ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration, and CRRT ratio were significantly higher in the CCI group compared to the RAP group (all P < 0.05). Conversely, there were no statistically significant differences in white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and albumin levels between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the mNUTRIC score as an independent risk factor for CCI in patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS. The constructed models showed that the mNUTRIC score remained significant, while the SOFA score and APACHE II score did not.The area under the ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the mNUTRIC score had the highest AUC of 0.880, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.808–0.933. The AUC for the SOFA score was 0.864, and for the APACHE II score was 0.825, all of which were statistically significant. Conclusions The mNUTRIC score is valuable in predicting the progression of sepsis combined with ARDS to CCI, and may even be superior to the SOFA score and APACHE II score.
Developing a method for predicting DNA nucleosomal sequences using deep learning
Authors: Alshammry Nizal 
Published: December 2024

Background Deep learning excels at processing raw data because it automatically extracts and classifies high-level features. Despite biology's low popularity in data analysis, incorporating computer technology can improve biological research. Objective To create a deep learning model that can identify nucleosomes from nucleotide sequences and to show that simpler models outperform more complicated ones in solving biological challenges. Methods A classifier was created utilising deep learning and machine learning approaches. The final model consists of two convolutional layers, one max pooling layer, two fully connected layers, and a dropout regularisation layer. This structure was chosen on the basis of the ‘less is frequently more’ approach, which emphasises simple design without large hidden layers. Results Experimental results show that deep learning methods, specifically deep neural networks, outperform typical machine learning algorithms for recognising nucleosomes. The simplified network architecture proved suitable without the requirement for numerous hidden neurons, resulting in effective network performance. Conclusion This study demonstrates that machine learning and other computational techniques may streamline and expedite the resolution of biological issues. The model helps identify nucleosomes and can be used in future research or labs. This study discusses the challenges of understanding and addressing simple biological problems with sophisticated computer technology and offers practical solutions for academic and economic sectors.
Numerical simulation and experimental study of the flow heat transfer characteristics of rectangular micro-grooved ultra-thin flat plate heat pipes
Authors: Huashan Su , Hong Chen , Kui Chen , Gang Wang 
Published: December 2024

Ultra-thin flat heat pipes (UTFPs) effectively address the heat dissipation challenges of contemporary compact electronic devices, owing to their superior thermal conductivity and high stability in confined places. This paper established the VOF vapor-liquid two-phase flow model of the rectangular micro-grooved ultra-thin flat heat pipe (M-UTFP) and constructed a test platform for evaluating the heat transfer performance of heat pipes, incorporating various filling rates (30%, 35%, 40%, 45%) and heat fluxes (0.375 × 106 W/m2, 0.5 × 106 W/m2, 1 × 106 W/m2, 1.25 × 106 W/m2, 1.67 × 106 W/m2). The findings indicated that the phase transition initially transpires on the heating surface of the evaporation section, while the vapor on the wall of the condensing section generates a liquid film after condensation. The optimal liquid filling rate for the M-UTFP was 35%. A heat flux of 1 × 106 W/m2 maintained a stable temperature fluctuation in the evaporation section of the heat pipe, thereby enhancing heat transfer efficiency. These findings align with simulation results, offering data references and design principles for the development of ultra-thin electronic cooling systems, such as those used in chips, and extending the application scope of UTFPs.
Stress, Resilience, Sexual Functioning and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Arthroplasty and Arthroscopy
Authors: V Sheshagiri , Thoralakki Ravitej Manjunath , P C Pradeep Kumar , J Shivananda Manohar 
Published: December 2024

Background In India, the incidence of orthopaedic conditions is significantly increasing, with 63 million people suffering from various orthopaedic issues, causing considerable distress to patients. This study aims to assess stress, resilience, sexual functioning, and quality of life in participants who underwent arthroplasty and arthroscopy surgery at baseline, one month, and three months. Method This comparative study utilised the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Sexual Function Scale, and the WHO Quality of Life Scale. Results The comparison between arthroscopy and arthroplasty reveals distinct patterns in stress, resilience, sexual functioning, and quality of life. For both procedures, stress levels were higher at baseline and one-month post-surgery but decreased by three months. Resilience scores improved consistently over time in both groups. However, sexual functioning and quality of life showed different trends: while sexual functioning initially decreased post-arthroscopy but improved by three months, arthroplasty participants generally experienced a more consistent improvement in both sexual functioning and quality of life from baseline through the follow-up periods. Conclusion The study showed that stress was significantly higher at baseline and one-month post-surgery. However, the trends in sexual functioning and quality of life differed between the two types of surgery. These findings highlight the need for tailored patient support and interventions based on the type of orthopaedic procedure performed.
Trends in access to clinical mental healthcare by very old people in Australia since ‘Better Access’ commenced in 2006
Authors: McKay Roderick , Morgan Shirlony , Lawn Sharon , McMahon OAM Janne 
Published: December 2024

Objectives To examine trends in access to mental healthcare by old and very old people since the commencement of Australia’s Better Access Initiative in 2006. Methods Descriptive analysis of changes in access by people aged 75–84 and over 85 using data analysed and published by the AIHW. Results Since the introduction of Better Access, rates of access to specialist inpatient and community mental healthcare have reduced for those aged 75 years and older. The reduction is greatest for those aged 85 and over; with a 21% fall in community care access, 54% fall in inpatient access, and Medicare-funded psychologists and clinical psychologists access failing to rise above 1%. Rates of admissions by those 85 and older to inpatient care without specialised mental healthcare have increased by 92%, with emergency department presentations with mental health problems increasing by 33% since 2014–2015. Conclusions The oldest people in Australia have missed most benefits from mental healthcare reforms. The contribution of these changes to high rates of mental illness on entering residential aged care, persistent high suicide rates in older men, and increased use of emergency departments and general hospital beds demands further inquiry and action.
Accommodation requests among older workers: The role of disability acceptance and other psychosocial factors
Authors: Dong Shengli , Zhou Kaiqi , Wu Jinlin 
Published: December 2024

Background With an aging workforce becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States, the intersection of older age and disability presents significant challenges for employment, particularly in the context of workplace accommodations. Objective This study aimed to elucidate the psychosocial factors influencing older workers’ requests and receipts of job accommodations, focusing on the pivotal role of disability acceptance. Methods Employing a quantitative approach, we included 217 older workers (50 years and older) across various employment sectors, analyzing their experiences with accommodation requests, workplace support, knowledge of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and levels of disability acceptance. Results Logistic regression models revealed that perceived workplace support significantly predicted the likelihood of requesting and receiving accommodations, whereas disability acceptance, despite its hypothesized importance, did not emerge as a significant predictor in our models. Results highlight the critical role of workplace support in facilitating accommodation processes for older workers and suggest that interventions to increase ADA awareness and foster supportive work environments may enhance accommodation outcomes. Conclusion This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the dynamics surrounding accommodation requests among the aging workforce, emphasizing the need for inclusive workplace practices and policies.
Effect of traditional Chinese exercises on knee osteoarthritis: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Meiling , Wang Jie , Chu Xin , Zeng Weisi , Wen Xiaoting 
Published: December 2024

Background Osteoarthritis is the third leading risk factor for disability in older adults. Objective To compare the efficacy of different traditional Chinese exercises on knee osteoarthritis by network meta-analysis, and to provide a reference basis for patients to choose the best method. Methods Seven databases, including Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched for literature on traditional Chinese exercise to improve the symptoms of patients with knee osteoarthritis. The search period was from inception of the database until February 14, 2024. Literature screening and data extraction were carried out independently by 2 investigators, and the quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 assessment tool. R4.2.3 and Stata 15.0 were used for analysis. Results Forty-two studies involving 2843 patients were ultimately included, encompassing 4 kinds of traditional Chinese exercise. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) showed that Baduanjin was the best traditional Chinese exercises for Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index scores including pain score (SUCRA = 0.85), stiffness score (SUCRA = 0.87), physical function score (SUCRA = 0.88) and overall score (SUCRA = 0.83). For Visual Analog Scale pain score, the most effective traditional Chinese exercise was Tai Chi (SUCRA = 0.93). Conclusion The efficacy of Tai Chi, Baduanjin, Yijinjing, and Wuqinxi on knee osteoarthritis patients is superior to that of usual care. Baduanjin had the best effect in improving stiffness, physical function and overall score, and both Baduanjin and Tai Chi were the best options for improving pain.