bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the Seismogenic Faults in the 2018 Lombok, Indonesia, Earthquake Sequence as Revealed by Inversion of InSAR Measurements
Authors: Wang Chisheng , Wang Xinyu , Xiu Wenqun , Zhang Bochen , Zhang Guohong , Liu Peng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe invert Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations for the slip models of the 28 July Mw 6.4, 5 August Mw 6.9, and 19 August Mw 6.9 earthquakes in the 2018 Lombok earthquake sequence. The geodetic measurements and aftershock distribution suggest three south-dipping fault planes with shallow depths for the three events. They are likely associated with the imbricate thrust faults above the main Flores fault. Obvious strike and dip differences were found on the seismogenic faults, which implies probable fault segmentation and explains the cascading fault behaviors with moderate magnitudes. The three events peaked at depths of 12.38, 16.9, and 25.9 km. The estimated moments reach 7.59×1018, 3.33×1019, and 4.61×1019  N·m, equal to Mw 6.52, Mw 6.95, and Mw 7.04 events, respectively. The derived slip distribution covers most of the area in the Lombok fault plane. Future seismic hazard on the seismic gap to the east of Lombok should be noted.
Coseismic Displacements and Surface Fractures from Sentinel-1 InSAR: 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquakes
Authors: Xu Xiaohua , Sandwell David T. , Smith-Konter Bridget 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar is an important tool for imaging surface deformation from large continental earthquakes. Here, we present maps of coseismic displacement and strain from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes using multiple Sentinel-1 images. We provide three types of interferometric products. (1) Standard interferograms from two look directions provide an overview of the deformation and can be used for modeling coseismic slip. (2) Phase gradient maps from stacks of coseismic interferograms provide high-resolution (∼30  m) images of strain concentration and surface fracturing that can be used to guide field surveys. (3) High-pass filtered, stacked, unwrapped phase is decomposed into east–west and up–down, south–north components and is used to determine the sense of fault slip. The resulting phase gradient maps reveal over 300 surface fractures, including triggered slip on the Garlock fault. The east–west component of high-pass filtered phase reveals the polarity of the strike-slip offset (right lateral or left lateral) for many of the fractures. We find a small number of fractures that have slip polarity that is retrograde to the background tectonic stress. This is similar to observations of retrograde slip observed near the 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector Mine rupture, but the Ridgecrest observations are more completely imaged by the frequent and high-quality acquisitions from the twin Sentinel-1 spacecrafts. Determining whether the retrograde features are triggered slip on existing faults, or compliant fault deformation in response to stress changes from the Ridgecrest earthquakes, or new Coulomb-style failures, will require additional field work, modeling, and analysis.
The July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence Recorded by Creepmeters: Negligible Epicentral Afterslip and Prolonged Triggered Slip at Teleseismic Distances
Authors: Bilham Roger , Castillo Bryan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report sequential triggered slip at 271–384 km distances on the San Andreas, Superstition Hills, and Imperial faults with an apparent travel-time speed of 2.2 ± 0.1  km/s, following the passage of surface waves from the 4 July 2019 (17:33:49 UTC) Mw 6.4 and 6 July 2019 (03:19:53 UTC) Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes. Slip on remote faults was not triggered instantaneously but developed over several minutes, increasing in duration with distance. Maximum slip amplitudes varied from 10  μm to 5 mm within minutes of slip nucleation, but on the southernmost San Andreas fault slip continued for two months and was followed on 16 September 2019 by a swarm of microearthquakes (Mw≤3.8) near Bombay Beach. These observations add to a growing body of evidence that fault creep may result in delayed triggered seismicity. Displacements across surface faults in the southern epicentral region and on the Garlock fault in the months following the Ridgecrest earthquakes were negligible (&lt;1.1  mm), and they are interpreted to characterize surface strain adjustments in the epicentral region, rather than to result from discrete slip on surface faults.
Beginning Early Childhood Teachers’ Reflections on Their Student Teaching Experiences
Authors: BEŞKEN ERGİŞİ Meral 
Published: January 2020

Student teaching experiences in teacher education programs hold a crucial part since they provide teacher candidates with practical experience before they enter the profession. This study inquires the role of split student teaching employed in early childhood teacher education program at a southwestern U.S. state universityon experiences of beginning teachers’ who graduated from this program. In this qualitative research, participants’ reflections to their field experiences in the program were gathered through two in-depth individual interviews and one focus group interview. An analysis of interview data revealed that beginning teachers’ student teaching experiences partially fulfilled their need of having adequate in-classroom experience before starting their teaching careers; yet they highlighted some suggestions for student teaching assignments to better prepare prospective teacher candidates in the program.The length and timing of student teaching has also emerged as an important result of this study.Furthermore, participants highlighted the role and importance of mentor-teachers during their student teaching.
INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONS IN CROSSOVER MUSIC AS A WAY TO BRIDGE THE INTERGENERATIONAL GAP
Authors: Evgenyevna Shafazhinskaya Natalya , Lvovna Kats Mariya , Vladimirovich Smirnov Alexander , Aleksandrovna Ovsyannikova Vera , Gennadievna Kruglova Marina 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the article is to study the crossover style as a result of one of the increasingly growing world tendencies to mix the characteristics of different types of arts and blur the boundaries between them, to dialogization and integration of traditions through inter-ethnic exchange, combination of different in time phenomena in the process of globalization of culture and activation of intercultural communication. The novelty of this phenomenon and lack of knowledge about it determine the relevance of the study.
Methodology: The methodological basis of the study consists of sociological and cultural studies devoted to the phenomena of academic and pop art, its specificity and its role in the modern socio-cultural situation. The study relies on scientific provisions related to the phenomena of "classical crossover" and "mass culture". The main methods were sociological observation, survey and analysis of documents.
Main Findings: Due to the high educational and developmental potential of crossover compositions, as well as the aesthetic appeal of this music for young people, it is advisable to use the material of these compositions in the process of vocational training of vocalists, teachers, musicians, social and cultural specialists. Against the background of the problem of familiarizing the new generation with the world music classics, an appeal to the crossover style repertoire seems promising. Working with singers, many modern teacher-vocalists adhere to the principle of "non-separation" of their vocal styles and prefer universal techniques that are effective for training all performers in rapidly changing socio-economic requirements.
Applications of this study: This study may be useful in the organization and implementation of educational and cultural, as well as leisure and entertainment programs (radio and television), the development and adjustment of state policy in the field of social life and culture, programs aimed at socialization of youth, the development of tolerance and the solution of social problems related to the spiritual values of generations.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The originality of the study consists in the fact that it proves the conclusion that crossover introduces young people classics, minimizing the intergenerational value gap. Intercultural communication is expressed in the dialogue of classics and modernity as the spiritual values of different generations, the convergence of which leads to the solution of social problems of modern society.
Community Empowerment Through Sulfur Soap Preparation for Dermatitis Prevention
Authors: Adlia Amirah , Aljuffrie Sakinah , Adi Annis Catur , Regitasari Deandra Ardya , Rahmasari Vidya Anggarini , Rachmawati Heni 
Published: January 2020

Background: As a country with a tropical climate, Indonesia has the risk to have many disease problems, such as skin disorder or dermatitis. Dermatitis is an either acute, sub-acute, or chronic inflammatory skin disease. One of therapies is using sulfur compound. Purpose: The objective of this program was to improve public awareness of Tulungagung Regency on the importance of health care, to train people preparing soap containing sulfur, and to help the people to empower the economic community through home industry initiation. Methods: This program was done by motivation generating, counseling, advocacy, and education. The activities were performed through counseling about skin diseases, causes, the prevention and treatment of the disease with sulfur soap, demonstration and providing training to the community about sulfur soap. Results: The training on handmade soap preparation was conducted at the Village Hall of Mojosari, Kauman, Tulungagung, on July 28-29th 2019 and was attended by 20 female participants. The socialization programme was carried out by providing technical guidance, visual exposure of materials, packaging training through small groups. Conclusion: This training program of soap containing sulfur preparation attracted public attention to gain the science, knowledge, and skill increase business motivation, knowledge, and community skills as well as motivation generation to apply a simple technology of soap containing sulfur manufacturing.
Line Follower Robot Training and Introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) for Students in Jombang City
Authors: Agustin Eva Inaiyah , Yunardi Riky Tri , Winarno Winarno 
Published: January 2020

Background: During the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the Internet of Things (IoT) is the main pillar of people and machines connected to each other. It can be an intelligent system when combined with a robot. This is what underlies the importance of robotics and IoT training, especially to be introduced early on. Purpose: This activity aimed to improve students' knowledge and skills in technology. The target of this activity is high school students in Jombang City. Methods: It starts from the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. Auditory, visual and kinesthetic techniques are used in this activity, which is in the form of interesting learning media such as power points, videos, as well as demonstrations and practices. Data collection techniques such as questionnaires, pre-test, and post-test, and running tests were carried out to measure the level of skills, knowledge, and satisfaction of participants. Results: A total of 85% of participants did not know about IOT and 83% of the participants already know what the robot. But only 17% ever make robots. Conclusion: After this activity the participants' understanding increased by 20%. Their skills also increased as evidenced by the participants programming themselves so that the robot can run well on the track.
Eliminating Gaps in Medicaid Coverage During Reentry After Incarceration
Authors: Albertson Elaine Michelle , Scannell Christopher , Ashtari Neda , Barnert Elizabeth 
Published: January 2020

This commentary explores the health and social challenges associated with gaps in Medicaid health insurance coverage for adults and youths exiting the US criminal justice system, and highlights some potential solutions. Because a high proportion of recently incarcerated people come from low-income backgrounds and experience a high burden of disease, the Medicaid program plays an important role in ensuring access to care for this population. However, the Medicaid Inmate Exclusion Policy, or “inmate exclusion,” leads to Medicaid being terminated or suspended upon incarceration, often resulting in gaps in Medicaid coverage at release. These coverage gaps interact with individual-level and population-level factors to influence key health and social outcomes associated with recidivism. Ensuring Medicaid coverage upon release is an important, feasible component of structural change to alleviate health inequities and reduce recidivism. High-yield opportunities to ensure continuous coverage exist at the time of Medicaid suspension or termination and during incarceration prior to release.
Identifying Needs for Advancing the Profession and Workforce in Environmental Health
Authors: Gerding Justin A. , Brooks Bryan W. , Landeen Elizabeth , Whitehead Sandra , Kelly Kaitlyn R. , Allen Amy , Banaszynski David , Dorshorst Michael , Drager Lane , Eshenaur Tannie , Freund Jeff , Inman Adam , Long Sandra , Maloney Jessica , McKeever Tammy , Pigman Tyler , Rising Nancy , Scanlan Sarah , Scott Jennifer , Shukie Colin , Stewart Gary , Tamekazu Darren , Wade Valerie , White Carolyn , Sarisky John 
Published: January 2020

An ever-changing landscape for environmental health (EH) requires in-depth assessment and analysis of the current challenges and emerging issues faced by EH professionals. The Understanding the Needs, Challenges, Opportunities, Vision, and Emerging Roles in Environmental Health initiative addressed this need. After receiving responses from more than 1700 practitioners, during an in-person workshop, focus groups identified and described priority problems and supplied context on addressing the significant challenges facing EH professionals with state health agencies and local health departments. The focus groups developed specific problem statements detailing the EH profession and workforce’s prevailing challenges and needs according to 6 themes, including effective leadership, workforce development, equipment and technology, information systems and data, garnering support, and partnerships and collaboration. We describe the identified priority problems and needs and provide recommendations for ensuring a strong and robust EH profession and workforce ready to address tomorrow’s challenges.
Older Americans’ Preferences Between Lower Drug Prices and Prescription Drug Plan Choice, 2019
Authors: Socal Mariana P. , Anderson Gerard F. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. To assess older Americans’ willingness to trade off the possibility of choosing or changing their prescription drug plan for lower drug spending. Methods. We used data from the Kaiser Family Foundation Health Tracking Poll on prescription drugs carried out in February 2019. This nationwide telephone survey oversampled participants aged 65 years and older who, when weighted, were representative of the US older adult population. Results. Older adults were strongly in favor of the government negotiating drug prices in Medicare Part D (82% support); 60% of older adults would trade off the possibility of choosing or switching their drug plan in favor of lower drug prices. All groups preferred lower spending over plan choice, but this preference was stronger among individuals who were in poorer health, had lower education and income, and found it very difficult to afford the drugs they needed. Conclusions. The results suggest that Medicare beneficiaries could support policies that limit plan choice, as long as drug prices actually decrease.
Marijuana Decriminalization, Medical Marijuana Laws, and Fatal Traffic Crashes in US Cities, 2010–2017
Authors: Cook Amanda C. , Leung Gregory , Smith Rhet A. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. To determine the impact of city-level cannabis decriminalization and medical marijuana laws (MMLs) on fatal traffic crashes in US cities. Methods. Using a census of fatal traffic crashes from the 2010 to 2017 Fatality Analysis Reporting System, we examined MMLs and cannabis decriminalization on fatal crashes by age and sex of driver. We used a Poisson difference-in-differences approach, exploiting temporal and geographic variation in marijuana decriminalization laws. Results. Cities experienced a 13% increase in fatal crashes involving 15- to 24-year-old male drivers following decriminalization (incidence rate ratio = 1.125; 95% confidence interval = 1.014, 1.249). This effect was immediate and strongest on weekend nights. We found no effect on female drivers or older males. Conversely, we found that MMLs were associated with fewer fatal crashes for both males and females, which was most pronounced in 15- to 24-year-old drivers. Conclusions. Unlike MMLs, which are associated with fewer fatal crashes, cities experienced a relative increase in fatal crashes involving young male drivers following marijuana decriminalization. Public Health Implications. MMLs stipulate consumption occurs at home, whereas decriminalization only lessens the penalty for marijuana possession. Therefore, travel incentives of such laws have heterogeneous effects on traffic safety.
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Schedule: Adherence Among Commercially Insured Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2011–2017
Authors: Hubbard Demetria , Shrestha Sadeep , Levitan Emily B. , Yun Huifeng 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. To determine rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine adherence to the 2011 and 2016 Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations in the United States. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using the 2011 to 2017 Marketscan data for beneficiaries aged 9 to 26 years who had at least 1 claim for HPV vaccination between January 1, 2011, and January 1, 2017. According to the 2011 ACIP recommendation, adherence is defined as 30 to 90 days between the first and second vaccination and 168 to 212 days between the first and third vaccination. According to the 2016 recommendation, preadolescents are classified as adherent if they had 2 claims of vaccination within 168 to 212 days. We calculated proportions of completion and adherence by recommendation. Results. Among patients classified under the 2011 ACIP recommendation (n = 2 164 096), 8.3% completed all 3 doses of the vaccine series. Of those who completed, 69.6% were considered adherent to the recommended schedule. Completion and adherence increased to 9.6% and 70.8%, respectively, among patients who were classified under the 2016 ACIP recommendation. Conclusions. Simpler recommendations lead to better adherence to the HPV vaccination schedule.
Health and Health-Related Resources in Newly Designated Federally Qualified Opportunity Zones: United States, 2012–2016
Authors: Hirsch Jana A. , Zhao Yuzhe , Bilal Usama , Neckerman Kathryn M. , Michael Yvonne L. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. To characterize health and health-related resources in the new qualified opportunity zones (QOZs) relative to tracts not selected or not eligible for this federal investment incentive.Methods. We used tract-level data from the 498 largest cities in the contiguous United States (n = 24 409), categorized using designations from the Department of Treasury. We compiled data on population characteristics, health-related resources, and health from the American Community Survey, the National Establishment Time Series, the National Land Cover Dataset, and the US Small-Area Life Expectancy Estimates Project and the 500 Cities projects. We calculated means and SDs for ineligible, eligible (but not designated), and designated QOZ tracts.Results. In general, designated QOZ tracts had lower access to health care facilities, physical activity resources, and healthy food. They had a higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors and worse health outcomes across most measures.Conclusions. By benchmarking conditions, we facilitate tracking and assessment of QOZ impacts.Public Health Implications. QOZ could spur unprecedented neighborhood change with substantial influence on health resources and outcomes. Public health collaboration and strategic local governance of QOZ will be crucial for yielding health benefits for existing residents.
Understanding Family Caregivers’ Needs to Support Relatives with Advanced Progressive Disease at Home: An Ethnographic Study in Rural Portugal
Authors: Teixeira Maria Joao Cardoso , Abreu Wilson , Costa Nilza , Maddocks Matthew 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Family caregivers play an important role supporting their relatives with advanced progressive disease to live at home. There is limited research to understand family caregiver needs over time, particularly outside of high-income settings. The aim of this study was to explore family caregivers’ experiences of caring for a relative living with advanced progressive disease at home, and their perceptions of met and unmet care needs over time. Methods: An ethnographic study comprising observations and interviews. A purposive sample of 10 family caregivers and 10 relatives was recruited within a rural area in the north of Portugal. Data were collected between 2014-16 using serial participant observations (n=33) and in-depth interviews (n=11). Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Five overarching themes were yielded: (1) provision of care towards independence and prevention of complications; (2) perceived and (3) unknown caregiver needs; (4) caregivers’ physical and emotional impairments; and (5) balancing limited time. An imbalance towards any one of these aspects may lead to reduced capability and performance of the family caregiver, with increased risk of complications for their relative. However, with balance, family caregivers embraced their role over time. Conclusions: These findings enhance understanding around the needs of family caregivers, which are optimally met when professionals and family caregivers work together with a collaborative approach over time. Patients and their families should be seen as equal partners. Family-focused care would enhance nursing practice in this context and this research can inform nursing training and educational programs.