bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose no Nordeste do Brasil: série temporal de 2008 a 2018
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Vitoria Soares de , Alfonso Angel Daniel , Miranda Rene Silva de , Oliveira Thais Ranielle Souza de 
Published: November 2019

Avaliar a tendência da incidência da tuberculose na Região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2008-2018. Estudo epidemiológico quantitativo, descritivo e retrospectivo com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificações do Sistema Único de Saúde, dos casos notificados de tuberculose na região Nordeste do Brasil entre os anos de 2008 e 2018. No Nordeste houve a redução da incidência, o sexo masculino apresentou um maior número de casos. Os adultos jovens foram os mais acometidos pela doença. Tanto fatores socioeconômicos, quanto intrínsecos, são grandes contribuintes para a manutenção das taxas de tuberculose no Nordeste do país. Verifica-se que a tuberculose apresentou a tendência de redução da incidência, no entanto, ainda representa um importante agravo no Nordeste do Brasil. Percebe-se a necessidade de atenção para os Estados de Pernambuco e Ceará.
Relações entre crise econômica e ações de educação em saúde no ambiente hospitalar: perspectiva ecossistêmica
Authors: Paula Saul Ferraz de , Siqueira Hedi Crecencia Heckler de , Scarton Juliane , Medeiros Adriane Calvetti , Gehlen Maria Helena , Rodrigues Sidiane Teixeira 
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo apresenta a seguinte questão pesquisa: Como se dá as inter-relações entre os fatores socioeconômicos e a prática educativa do enfermeiro no ambiente hospitalar ao cuidador de usuário com doença crônica não transmissível? A partir dessa questão, objetivou-se analisar as inter-relações entre os fatores socioeconômicos e a prática educativa do enfermeiro ao cuidador de usuário com doença crônica não transmissível. Pesquisa descritiva, exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em duas instituições hospitalares de uma cidade do extremo sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados deu-se em outubro e novembro de 2016, por entrevista semiestruturada. Partir da análise de dados foi realizada por Análise de conteúdo Temática, elencou-se as seguintes categorias e subcategorias: Perfil sociodemográfico dos participantes, Influências econômicas e políticas no cuidado e nas ações de educação em saúde no contexto hospitalar, Carência de materiais e infraestrutura inadequada, Sobrecarga de trabalho, Crise econômica e política do país. Os resultados evidenciaram a crise econômica e política do país como elementos de interferência na realização da educação em saúde no contexto hospitalar. Pensar na contemplação das ações de educação em saúde, exercidas pelo enfermeiro no ambiente hospitalar, vai além da visão limitada e fragmentada de assistência e requer uma reflexão que considere o ser humano dentro da complexa teia de relações na qual está inserido.
Experiences of primary healthcare professionals and patients from an area of urban disadvantage: a qualitative study.
Authors: Reath Jennifer , King Marlee , Kmet Walter , O'Halloran Diana , Brooker Ronald , Aspinall Diana , Bittar Hani , Seelan Thava , Burke Michael , Usherwood Tim 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe health disadvantage in socioeconomically marginalised urban settings can be challenging for health professionals, but strong primary health care improves health equity and outcomes.AimTo understand challenges and identify needs in general practices in a socioeconomically marginalised Australian setting.Design & settingQualitative methodology with general practices in a disadvantaged area of western Sydney.MethodSemi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals and their patients were transcribed and analysed thematically under the guidance of a reference group of stakeholder representatives.ResultsA total of 57 participants from 17 practices (comprising 16 GPs, five GP registrars [GPRs], 15 practice staff, 10 patients, and 11 allied health professionals [AHPs]), provided a rich description of local communities and patients, and highlighted areas of satisfaction and challenges of providing high quality health care in this setting. Interviewees identified issues with health systems impacting on patients and healthcare professionals, and recommended healthcare reform. Team-based, patient-centred models of primary health care with remuneration for quality of care rather than patient throughput were strongly advocated, along with strategies to improve patient access to specialist care.ConclusionThe needs of healthcare professionals and patients working and living in urban areas of disadvantage are not adequately addressed by the Australian health system. The authors recommend the implementation of local trials aimed at improving primary health care in areas of need, and wider health system reform in order to improve the health of those at socioeconomic and health disadvantage.
PENGARUH THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE WALKING TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR KLIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIK (PPOK) DI RS TK II PUTRI HIJAU MEDAN
Authors: Anggeria Elis 
Published: November 2019

PPOK becomes the first rank in the group of lung diseases in Indonesia, followed by bronchial asthma, lung cancer and other lung diseases. Therapeutic exercise is an action of running regular walking with hands swayed to the rhythm of the road, this action is excellent for all age levels in order to improve the quality of sleeping. The research aims to find out the effect of therapeutic walking exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in TK II Putri Hijau Medan Hospital Medan.This research used an experimental desgin by the use of quasi experimental design through pre-test and post-test paired t-test group. The research population were 9 people, and the sampling technique used in this study is saturation sampling technique by taking the entire population as samples. There is the mean difference between pretest and posttest on sleep quality by 0.56, meaning that the average quality of sleep on posttest have a better category than the average quality of sleep on pretest, which means therapeutic exercise of walking affects quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with p-value of 0,013. There isa a significant effect of therapeutic exercise of walking on sleep quality. Therapeutic exercise of walking is form of therapy that is proven to improve sleep quality, therefore, is expected that patients can perform therapeutic exercise of walking guided by nurses.
On the influence of hydrodynamic environment on crystal growth
Authors: Prieto Manuel , Amorós Portolés José Luis 
Published: November 2019

Dans le cas d'un cristal qui croît dans des conditions de convection, les caractéristiques de son entourage peuvent induire une anisotropie dans l'apport de matière sur des faces homologues. Cette situation se produit lorsque les faces ont des orientations différentes par rapport aux lignes de flux.
On vérifie expérimentalement cette hypothèse. On a utilisé un appareil de croissance cristalline en solution par convection artificielle. On obtient des données sur les vitesses de croissance de cristaux d'ADP et de KDP. Simultanément, au moyen d'un système qui permet d'observer les lignes de flux, on fait une étude hydrodynamique. En combinant les deux types de données, on élabore un modèle qui tient compte de l'influence de l'hydrodynamique sur la morphologie cristalline.
Natural and synthetic gem materials, a comparison
Authors: Sunagawa Ichiro 
Published: November 2019

Properties of crystalline materials may vary to a considerable extent depending on their growth histories and growth conditions. This fact forms the basis on which a distinction between natural and synthetic gem materials is made. The differences do not appear on an atomic or a lattice scale, but can be detected on a larger scale in which changes occurred during growth processes are reflected. The latter includes external morphology of crystals, surface microtopography of crystal faces, growth bandings, sector structures, inclusions, dislocations, planar defects, like stacking faults and micro-twins, etc. Since growth mechanisms are different among crystals grown from different phases, and the environmental conditions are different among crystals grown from similar phases, the differences between natural and synthetic gem materials of different origins will be visualized if appropriate methods of detection are applied.
To demonstrate this, lattice images of natural and synthetic emeralds, X-ray topography and surface microtopography of natural and synthetic diamonds and emeralds are compared.
Recent trends in the crystal chemistry of rock forming silicates
Authors: Ghose Subrata 
Published: November 2019

Cet article passe en revue les récents développements dans trois domaines de la cristallochimie des silicates formant les roches pour lesquels des progrès récents ont été faits ces cinq dernières années. Il s'agit :
(1) De la structure électronique et de la liaison chimique dans les silicates, (2) du comportement structural des silicates sous haute température et haute pression, et (3) de la structure exacte des silicates, en particulier biopyriboles.
(1) Le calcul de la structure de la bande du quartz α, déterminée par la méthode du pseudo potentiel self-consistant, montre un bon accord avec les résultats obtenus par des mesures de spectroscopic. Un calcul quantique ab initio sur H₄SiO₄ et H₆Si₂O₇ montre pour les liaisons Si — O une notable proportion d'orbitales de type (d-p)π. Dans le composé H₆Si₂O₇ les densités électroniques théoriques calculées pour les liaisons Si — O « bridging » et « non-bridging » sont en bon accord avec celles observées expérimentalement dans les chaînes de l'enstatite. Les mesures de la densité électronique sur le quartz α par diffraction des rayons X montrent l'existence de liaisons courbées, de paires non liées sur l'oxygène, et d'une densité électronique résiduelle maximum près des milieux de liaisons Si — O. De semblables maxima ont été observés pour les liaisons Si — O dans quelques olivines et pyroxènes. Ces améliorations théoriques et expérimentales nous fournissent une connaissance fondamentale de la liaison chimique dans les silicates.
(2) De récents perfectionnements dans la cellule haute pression à enclume de diamant et dans le chauffage de l'échantillon par rayon laser, permettent de reproduire maintenant les conditions de température et de pression régnant à la frontière noyau˗manteau dans la terre. La détermination d'un grand nombre de structure d'oxydes et de silicates en fonction de la température et de la pression nous permettent d'en déduire la dilatation thermique et la compressibilité des polyèdres d'oxygènes autour des cations. Ces grandeurs semblent être indépendantes du type de structure considéré et devraient nous conduire à des modèles du comportement structural des silicates et ainsi d'interpréter les transitions de phases se produisant dans le manteau terrestre.
(3) La découverte de nouveaux minéraux chimiquement et structuralement intermédiaires entre anthophyllite et talc, avec des triples chaînes silicate et des alternances double chaîne — triple chaîne, la mise en évidence de l'intercalation de n-tuple chaînes, ainsi que leurs défauts structuraux ou bien leur ordre-désordre, nous conduisent à une compréhension exacte des réactions chimiques mises en jeu dans les transformations de phases des biopyriboles lors de leurs développements géologiques.
Stability of alunite minerals in aqueous solutions at normal temperature and pressure
Authors: Hladky George , Slansky Erwin 
Published: November 2019

Thermodynamic stability fields of minerals of the alunite series are worth studying because of their significance as a potential alternative source of aluminium (alunite, natroalunite) and their widespread occurrence in gossans (jarosites). Using those free energy values which are currently believed to be the most consistent (with the exception of the free energy of natroalunite which was estimated, because no reliable value was found in literature), the stability fields of alunite, natroalunite, jarosite, natrojarosite and plumbojarosite were computed. All species used in calculations were considered to be in their most oxidized state and the variables were restricted to activities of dissolved aqueous species expressed as functions of pH. No Eh dependency was considered. The results of the calculations are represented as a series of three-dimensional diagrams. The diagrams indicate that alunite is relatively the most stable mineral and natrojarosite the least stable mineral in the series considered. The stabilities of alunite and natroalunite in relation to kaolinite, muscovite and K-feldspar, and kaolinite and Na-feldspar, respectively, were also calculated. The results were likewise plotted on three-dimensional diagrams. The conditions determining the preferential formation of one of two similar minerals in the alunite series which contain different metals were examined. While the free energy of a mineral must change with replacement of one metal ion by another, the use of an « exchange reaction » is justified at certain conditions. The preference of minerals of the alunite series for certain ions, such as K, Al, or Pb, is either independent of or dependent on pH. The preference in some cases can even be reversed relative to activities of aqueous species.
It is suggested that in nature the main factor determining the stability of alunite minerals at normal temperature and pressure is pH. There is a noticeable difference between the aluminium-and iron-containing members of the series, the range of pH for the precipitation of jarosites from solution being much narrower than that for the precipitation of alunites. Alunite, which occurs sporadically in the Cretaceous of the Great Australian Basin, is at equilibrium with about 7 % of artesian waters of the Basin. The pH of the 7 % of these waters ranges from 6.2 to 7.4. The presence of jarosite in gossans is indicative of acid conditions of alteration
Complex crystal structures related to glaserite, K3Na(SO4)2 : evidence for very dense packings among oxysalts
Authors: Moore Paul Brian 
Published: November 2019

The glaserite structure type is based on hexagonal rod packing with twice as many Y — T rods as M — I rods, where Y = YO₁₀ (point symmetry 3 m), T = tetrahedron, M = octahedron, I = icosahedron. Some very complex structures exploit the glaserite arrangement, including α-Ca₃(PO₄)₂, apatite, β-Ca₃(PO₄)₂ or whitlockite, fillowite, griphite, NaCd₄(PO₄)₃, triploidite, graftonite ; and the structures based on a related net wyllieite and arrojadite.
All structures are represented as plans down the rod axis showing the {6³} net and the important rods are shown as Penfield projections. Some very dense structures occur including grossular, griphite, wyllieite, arrojadite and fillowite.
Une cyrilovite aluminifère, premier jalon d'une possible série de solutions solides entre la cyrilovite et la wardite
Authors: Fontan François , Permingeat François , Pillard François 
Published: November 2019

A mineral found at Rochefort-en-Terre (Morbihan) and formerly identified as cacoxenite is indeed an aluminiferous cyrilovite. A historial review of wardites (without Ca) and cyrilovites is given. All the different mineralogical properties compared with those of cyrilovites and wardites confirm that the mineral is actually a term, intermediate of the possible isomorphic series between cyrilovite and described for the first time. Tetragonal with a = 7.247(2) et c = 19.253(4) Å. The intense powder pattern lines are similar to those of cyrilovites and wardites, however the intermediate values for d permit to distingnish : 4.789(5) ; 3.554(5) ; 3.191(6) ; 3.148(8) ; 3.071(7) ; 2.637(7) Å. Gcalc = 3.052 Gmeas = 2.95 ± 0.05 which is too small because of the microfissuration. Uniaxial negative and slightly pleochroïc ne = 1.725(3) (colourless), n₀ = 1.751(3) (pale lemmon yellow). The electron microprobe analysis yields : P₂O₅ 31.61 ; Fe₂O₃ 38.88 ; Al₂O₃ 7.41 ; Na₂O 6.56 ; K₂O 0.03 ; CaO 0.22 ; H₂O 15.9 (A.T.G.) ; total 100.61 % very close to the theoretical composition Na (Fe₂.₃₁Al₀.₆₉) (OH)₄ (PO₄) ₂ • 2 H₂O with Al/(Al + Fe) = 23 %. The curves of differential and thermogravimetric analysis are given and discussed. This aluminiferous cyrilovite fills (with a grained texture and tending to take a spherolitic form) fractures and voids in dufrenite or cavities in limonitic mass (mainly goethite) formely mined in clays of weathered micaschistes of the Arz valley (Morbihan, Bretagne).
Les paragenèses de smectites et de zéolites dans une série pyroclastique d'âge éocène moyen de l'Océan Indien (D.S.P., leg. 26, site 253)
Authors: Besse Dominique , Desprairies Alain , Jehanno Célestine , Kolla Venkatarathman 
Published: November 2019

Zeolites and clay minerals formed by submarine alteration of a thick hyaloclastic basaltic sequence have been studied by X-ray diffraction and by Scanning Electron Microscope with X-ray dispersive energy attachment. Zeolite compositions show three successive zones from the top to the base of the sequence : phillipsite zone, clinoptilolite-mordenite zone and analcime-clinoptilolite zone. Among the clay minerals, smectites are dominant : well crystallized, they are Fe-rich near the top and Mg-rich near the base of the sequence. Locally, celadonite is present. This zonation of authigenic mineral assemblages can be assigned to hydrothermal alteration in a high temperature geothermal area (approximately 200 °C/km).
Les phyllosilicates des terrains précambriens du Nord-Ouest du Montana (U.S.A.) dans la transition anchizone˗épizone
Authors: Nicot Elisabeth 
Published: November 2019

La composition des micas blancs et des phyllites associées chlorite — « vermiculite métamorphique » — biotite au sein d'une série faiblement métamorphique située au Nord-Ouest de l'État du Montana, a été étudiée à la microsonde électronique, équipée d'un détecteur solide Si-Li.
Les données chimiques ont confirmé et précisé les résultats de Maxwell et Hower (1967) obtenus par diffractomètre X sur les micas blancs : présence d'illites se transformant progressivement en micas saturés en alcalins et relativement riches en fer et magnésium. Elles ont permis, en outre, de montrer que les micas « hérités » ou « détritiques » ne s'adaptent que partiellement aux nouvelles conditions physiques, puisque certains persistent à l'état de reliques jusque dans la zone à biotite. Mais ces micas hérités sont entourés d'une frange de mica de néogenèse dont la composition reflète les conditions physiques de cristallisation.
Cette série est comparée à la série géothermale de Salton Sea, étudiée également à la microsonde électronique par McDowell et Elders (1980) et pour laquelle on dispose de données précises sur la température et la profondeur de prélèvement des échantillons. Les différences minéralogiques entre les deux séries impliquent que l'intensité du métamorphisme n'est pas la même.
Un nouveau gisement de wardite en France (Ruffiac, Morbihan) et la synonymie « soumansite » = wardite
Authors: Pillard François , Fontan François , Permingeat François 
Published: November 2019

L'étude du chapeau de fer de Ruffiac, Morbihan (Kosakevitch et al., 1979) a permis l'identification d'un minéral rare, la wardite NaAl₃(OH)₄(PO₄)₂ • 2 H₂O. Les propriétés optiques et cristallographiques sont données. Des analyses ont été effectuées à la microsonde. Ce travail nous a amenés à réexaminer la « soumansite » de Montebras, Creuse (Lacroix, 1910) ; le diagramme de poudre et l'analyse chimique montrent qu'il s'agit en fait d'une wardite. Il convient donc de discréditer définitivement le terme de « soumansite » au profit de celui de wardite qui a priorité. Une brève comparaison entre les conditions de gisement, à Montebras et Ruffiac est faite.
Neue Erkenntnisse zur Verzierung keltischer Waffen in Mähren
Authors: Čižmář Miloš 
Published: November 2019

New data about ornamented Celtic weapons of Moravia in the 3rd century B.C.
Ornamented sword-scabbards are known only from three sites, as yet. There is an ornementation on the sheath from Kobylnice, on the upper part of the mouth ; the scabbards from Charváty and Ponětovice are decorated with «dragon pairs» of the J.-M. De Navarro type III. During the restauration of the Ponětovice exemplar, it was possible to precise the drawing. The upper part of the sword-blade from Slatinice, dating from the Middle La Tène period, have a quadrangular stamped mark which one cannot determine. In four cases (Brno-Brněnské Ivanovice, Brno-Maloměřice, Holubice, Nemilany), spear-sockets bear iron nails with relief ornamented bronze heads. A bronze rivet with a comparable head was part of an iron ship-shaped shield-mount from Mistřín.
Monnaies celtiques en Gaule méditerranéenne
Authors: Richard Jean-Claude 
Published: November 2019

Celtic coins in Mediterranean Gaul.
The author studies the beginning of the coinage in Mediterranean Gaul : chronology, difficulties of making. The discoveries of Celtic gold coins are very unusual in this big area. However, the Celtic influence is obvious in the silver series, which are made after Greek patterns of the Western world.
It seems possible to date their beginning in the second half of the 3rd century B.C. There are no inscriptions on these coins.
La responsabilité du scientifique
Authors: Karli Pierre 
Published: November 2019

Pierre Karli : A scientist's responsibility.
The scientist is in many respects responsible, not only before the scientific community and the civil society, but also as a human being, co-responsable — more than any other man — for the world's future. His responsibility is involved in every stage of his activity as well as in a number of consequences it may have.
Remarques sur le fragment de Papias cité par Irénée
Authors: Dubois Jean-Daniel 
Published: November 2019

Remarks on the Papias Fragment
In a famous text citing the tradition of the elders, Irenaeus quotes an extract from Papias exegetical works on the Saviour's logia (A.H., V, 33,3-4). An analysis of the form of the passage shows that the tradition invoked by Papias goes back to christianized Jewish traditions on the eschatological abundance of the end time, as well as to collections of sayings by Jesus kept in the form of dialogues.
Le renard, symbole de l'hérésie dans les polémiques patristiques contre les gnostiques
Authors: Scopello Madeleine 
Published: November 2019

The Fox as a Symbol of Heresy in the Church Fathers' Polemics against the Gnostics
The Church Fathers resorted to the zoologists of Antiquity for several eloquent symbols, which they used to describe the heretic.
Among harmful animals, the fox attracted their attention. Its physical and psychic characteristics fitted in neatly with the heretic's conduct, as seen by the orthodox. The fox's cunning, deceit and ambiguousness illustrated the heretic's dealing with the Catholic Church.