bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The damage and tolerance mechanisms of Phaffia rhodozyma mutant strain MK19 grown at 28 °C
Authors: Miao Lili , Chi Shuang , Hou Ting-Ting , Liu Zhi-Pei , Li Ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Phaffia rhodozyma has many desirable properties for astaxanthin production, including rapid heterotrophic metabolism and high cell densities in fermenter culture. The low optimal temperature range (17-21 °C) for cell growth and astaxanthin synthesis in this species presents an obstacle to efficient industrial-scale astaxanthin production. The inhibition mechanism of cell growth at > 21 °C in P. rhodozyma have not been investigated.Results: MK19, a mutant P. rhodozyma strain grows well at moderate temperatures, its cell growth was also inhibited at 28 °C, but such inhibition was mitigated, and low biomass 6 g/L was obtained after 100 h culture. Transcriptome analysis indicated that low biomass at 28 °C resulted from strong suppression of DNA and RNA synthesis in MK19. Growth inhibition at 28 °C was due to cell membrane damage with a characteristic of low mRNA content of fatty acid (f.a.) pathway transcripts (acc, fas1, fas2), and consequent low f.a. content. Thinning of cell wall and low mannose content (leading to loss of cell wall integrity) also contributed to reduced cell growth at 28 °C in MK19. Levels of astaxanthin and ergosterol, two end-products of isoprenoid biosynthesis (a shunt pathway of f.a. biosynthesis), reached 2000 μg/g and 7500 μg/g respectively; ~2-fold higher than levels at 21 or 25 °C. Abundance of ergosterol, an important cell membrane component, compensated for lack of f.a., making possible the biomass production of 6 g/L for MK19 at 28 °C.Conclusion: Inhibition of growth of P. rhodozyma at 28 °C results from blocking of DNA, RNA, f.a., and cell wall biosynthesis. In MK19, abundant ergosterol made possible biomass production 6 g/L at 28 °C. Significant accumulation of astaxanthin and ergosterol indicated an active MVA pathway in MK19 at 28 °C. Strengthening of the MVA pathway can be a feasible metabolic engineering approach for enhancement of astaxanthin synthesis in P. rhodozyma. The present findings provide useful mechanistic insights regarding adaptation of P. rhodozyma to 28 °C, and improved understanding of feasible metabolic engineering techniques for industrial scale astaxanthin production by this economically important yeast species.
Uncertainty Intervals to Quantify and Communicate Polling Estimates
Authors: Steelman Brandon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The accuracy of predictive models is constrained by the underlying data. It can be challenging for those who did not develop a predictive model to objectively determine whether the uncertainty of the underlying data is consistent with the claimed probability estimates. Here we distinguish two complementary sources of uncertainty: the resolution of the measurement method and the statistical variation of repeated measurements. Although election polls were widely criticized following the 2016 US Presidential Election, state-level polls correctly predicted the outcome for individual states, but only when the statistical confidence interval lay outside the method-specific uncertainty interval. When confidence intervals overlapped with the uncertainty interval, the results were uncertain: both candidates won some of the uncertain state-level contests. Some elections will be too close to call. Estimating the amount of uncertainty in the data alerts data modelers to overly confident predictions and helps improve the way we explain uncertainty.
Delivery of MMP-12 siRNA with a Nanocarrier Improves the Homeostasis of the Small Intestine and Metabolic Dysfunction in High-Fat Diet Feeding-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Song Mingming , Zhang Shiyao , Tao Zixuan , Shi Yujie , Xiong Yonghong , Zhang Wenxiang , Li Jianning , Liu Chang , Chen Siyu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The changes of small intestinal homeostasis have been recognized to contribute essentially to the obese development. However, the core small intestinal regulator which mediates overnutrient impacts on the homeostasis of the small intestines remains elusive. Here, we identify the MMP-12 as such a responsive factor in mouse small intestines. Taking advantages of the nano delivery system, we demonstrate that small intestine-specific MMP-12 knockdown alleviates high-fat diet feeding-induced metabolic disorders and improves intestinal homeostasis in mice, including a significant decrease in lipid transportation, bile acid reabsorption, and inflammation. In parallel, the small intestinal integrity is recovered and the gut microbiota composition is reversed towards that under normal diet feeding. Mechanistically, MMP-12, differing from its traditional elastolytic function, acts as a transcriptional factor to activate Fabp4 transcription through epigenetic modification. In translational medicine, clinical applications of our nanosystem and therapeutic interventions targeting MMP-12 will benefit patients with obesity and associated diseases.
Bioinspired dual mode temporal communication via
digital programmable phase change materials
Authors: Deng Shihong , Huang Limei , Wu Jingjun , Pan Pengju , Zhao Qian , Xie Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Switchable optical properties are essential for numerous technologies including communication, anticounterfeiting, camouflage, and imaging/sensing. Typically, the switching is enabled by applying external stimulation such as UV light for fluorescence detection. In contrast, ground squirrels utilize spontaneous live infrared emission for fencing off predators as a unique way of communication. Inspired by this, we demonstrate live evolution of both optical and thermal images for temporal communication in which time is the encoded information. Our system is based on a digital light cured polymeric phase change material for which the crystallization kinetics can be controlled in a pixelated manner. Consequently, live evolution in optical transparency during the crystallization process enables temporal optical communication. Additionally, by harnessing the dynamic evolution of the thermal enthalpy, multiple sets of time specific information can be reversibly retrieved as self-evolving infrared thermal images. The versatility of our dual mode temporal system expands the scope for secured communication, with potential implications for many other areas.
Differential diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis in frequently ill children
Authors: Preobrazhenskaya Yu. S. , Drozdova M. V. , Ryazantsev S. V. 
Published: November 2020

Chronic tonsillitis is one of the most common pathologies of the lymphoepithelial pharyngeal ring. The main pathogen in chronic tonsillitis and its complications is group a β-hemolytic Streptococcus A (BGSA). This pathogen is detected in 30–60% of patients. At the present stage, the role of latent viral infections (Epstein – Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV)) in the formation of chronic tonsillitis in children has been proven. Treatment of frequently ill children with pathology of the pharyngeal lymphoid ring remains an urgent and widely discussed issue. Depending on the etiology and clinical form of chronic tonsillitis (simple, toxicallergic form (TAF I or II), the choice is between conservative methods and radical surgical treatment. Surgical treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children is recommended only if there are absolute indications. To standard methods of conservative treatment, such as sanation of lacunae of the tonsils with antiseptic solutions, the appointment of physiotherapy, funds for the correction of systemic and local immunity are actively used. In Pediatrics, the safe and optimal complex of effects of the herbal medicinal product Tonsilgon N is widely used. Based on the analysis of clinical observations of frequently ill children with chronic tonsillitis, the effectiveness of the herbal medicine Tonsilgon H (in monotherapy mode) was revealed. As a result, the expediency of using the drug Tonsilgon H in the treatment of compensated forms of chronic tonsillitis in frequently and long-term ill children was established. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of acute respiratory infections and, consequently, the risk of transition to a decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis.
O AGRICULTOR FAMILIAR DIANTE DA LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: REFLEXÕES À LUZ DO ‘DIREITO À DIGNIDADE’
Authors: Pereira Marlene De Paula 
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho teve por objetivo refletir a respeito da vulnerabilidade dos agricultores familiares na esfera judicial, especificamente no que se refere aos conflitos em face da legislação ambiental, e os reflexos disso na efetivação concreta do princípio da dignidade humana. A principal metodologia adotada foi a análise de processos e boletins de ocorrência relativos às questões ambientais. Os principais resultados apontam que a maior dificuldade enfrentada pelos agricultores familiares é a de acesso, seja à informação ou aos mecanismos legais de defesa, e, que isto reflete diretamente na efetividade do princípio da Dignidade Humana, consagrado pela legislação brasileira.
Solução Educacional para o Ensino Médio? Análise da política de Ensino Médio Integral no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Juliana Rodrigues de Oliveira , Araújo Flavia Monteiro de Barros 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo debater a dimensão curricular da política educacional denominada Solução Educacional para o Ensino Médio (SEEM), formulada em 2013, no âmbito da parceria institucional estabelecida entre a Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SEEDUC/RJ) e o Instituto Ayrton Senna (IAS). O estudo, de caráter qualitativo, recorre à análise documental e examina os marcos legais e documentos oficiais que orientam o desenvolvimento da política pela SEEDUC/RJ e pelo IAS. Tomando como categorias a relação entre o público e o privado na educação, investiga-se o conceito de educação integral da mencionada política que tem como princípios basilares: o protagonismo juvenil, o desenvolvimento de competências cognitivas e socioemocionais para o Século XXI e aflexibilização e integração curricular. A pesquisa busca não perder de vista os aspectos reformistas envolvidos nesse processo de privatização da educação básica que se desenha a partir da parceria entre o poder público, o terceiro setor e a iniciativa privada, assim como as similaridades da política estudada para com o desenho curricular do ensino médio integral proposto pela reforma do ensino médio (Lei n. 13.415/2017).
Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: da Silva Sérgio Oliveira , da Paz Adriane Souza , Farias Isla Miranda Vidal Cavalcante , Moreira Damille Sandes , Ribeiro Marianna Alegro Fontes , Alves Tatiana Senna Galvão Nonato , Lemos Antônio Carlos Moreira , Santiago Mittermayer Barreto 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the value
of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in evaluating the pulmonary involvement of systemic sclerosis
(SSc).

Methods:
Articles published between 1980 and 2019 were retrieved from the databases: PubMed
and Scielo. The search was restricted to clinical trials published in English, utilizing the keywords
“scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, and bronchoalveolar lavage”.

Results:
Twenty-two papers were analyzed. A positive correlation was observed between increased
BAL cellularity (alveolitis) and worsening clinical symptoms, pulmonary function, and radiological
pattern in 2, 11, and 15 studies, respectively. The majority of BAL studies that evaluated interleukin
levels, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-8, observed higher levels in patients with impaired
pulmonary function and increased lung involvement.

Conclusions:
Alveolitis and the increase of some cytokines/chemokines in BAL were related to
more severe pulmonary disease in SSc in the majority of the studies and seemed to be markers of
worse prognosis, but it is unknown whether BAL adds clinical value to the use of the other non-invasive
diagnostic procedures.
Peripheral Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Oleanolic Acid in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Salman Israa , Fakhoury Marc , Fouani Malak , Lawand Nada 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid with
multifarious actions. The anti-inflammatory effect it exerts when taken orally is the most
important; however, the underpinning mechanisms of such effects have not yet been fully explored.

Methods:
In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect of
OA by injecting it directly into the knee joint using an animal model of osteoarthritis. Behavioral
and electrophysiological studies were conducted to determine whether OA exerts a direct modulatory
effect on primary sensory afferents that can lead to a decrease in pain-related behaviors and inflammatory
responses. Rats were divided into two main groups: a pre- and a post-treatment group.
Knee joint inflammation was induced by injecting a mixture of 3% kaolin and carrageenan (K/C).
In the pre-treatment group, two different doses of OA [5 mg/ml (n=5) and 30 mg/ml (n=4); 0.1 ml
per injection] were administered into the synovial cavity of the knee joint before induction of inflammation.
In the post-treatment group, rats received only one dose [5 mg/ml (n=5)] of OA after
induction of inflammation.

Results:
Results indicate that intra-articular injection of OA improves motor coordination and attenuates
nociceptive behavior and inflammatory reactions. More importantly, we observed a direct depolarizing
action of OA on articular sensory fibers, a crucial mechanism that activates descending
inhibitory pathways and controls incoming nociceptive signals to the spinal cord.

Conclusion:
Overall, our findings suggest that OA can be used as a preventive and therapeutic approach
for the management of osteoarthritis.
Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency among Dental Practitioners and its Effect on Shade Matching Ability
Authors: Suliman Abdulhaq , Al-Abdali Tholfikar , Taslimi Mohammed , Abdo Ahmad 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
Shade selection is a crucial step in achieving aesthetically-pleasing restorations, and it is affected by the dentist’s ability to match the shade of the patient’s teeth. Color Deficiency Disease (CVD) has been thought to be a potential factor affecting color perception. The study aims to find the prevalence of CVD between dentists and dental students and to evaluate its effect on shade matching ability.

Methods:
A sample of 319 dentists and dental students in the College of Dentistry at Ajman University, Ajman, UAE was examined with the Ishihara test to find the prevalence of CVD. Then participants with CVD were tested for shade matching ability, and were compared to participants with normal color vision with the same gender and qualification level. They were asked to match 10 random composite samples with different shades to a custom shade guide made from the same composite material. A score was calculated, representing the number of correct answers they achieved.

Results:
The results showed that 8 out of 143 males (5.6%) had CVD, and 0 out of 176 females had CVD. There was no significant difference in the score of shade matching test between participants with CVD and participants with normal color vision (p=0.075).

Conclusion:
Males showed a higher prevalence of color vision deficiency than females. CVD had no significant effect on shade matching ability.
Structural and Parametrical Synthesis of Coordinating Devices for HF and VHF Antennas
Authors: Verba B. P. , Shishakov K. V. 
Published: November 2020

Системно рассматриваются основные подходы к проведению структурно-параметрического синтеза согласующих устройств с учетом специфики входных сопротивлений конкретных КВ- и УКВ-антенн. Синтез структур и выбор параметров преимущественно выполняются с использованием комплексной диаграммы Смита. Для общего случая обсуждается неоднозначность получаемых результатов и влияние на них выбираемых основных и дополнительных критериев эффективности.Варианты структур согласования синтезируются преимущественно на реактивных элементах, но в общем случае могут также включать резистивные и трансформирующие элементы. Обсуждаются варианты структур для антенн как в резонансных режимах (при отсутствии входного реактивного сопротивления), так и в нерезонансных режимах (с комплексными входными сопротивлениями). Выделены области предпочтительного использования рассмотренных структур. Показана специфика и дополнительные возможности структурно-параметрического синтеза вариантов согласования УКВ-антенн на низших частотах СВЧ. Дополнительно методами расчета электрических схем проведен структурно-параметрический синтез контуров согласования с анализом их частотных свойств.Рассмотренная методика структурно-параметрического синтеза и полученные результаты предназначены для прикладных разработок узкополосных согласующих устройств и настраиваемых тюнеров для широкополосного согласования соответствующих КВ- и УКВ-антенн.
Approbation оf the Method for Stiffness Parameters Identification of Spatial Structures on Experimental Stands
Authors: Belostotsky A. M. , Novikov P. I. , Bakh A. A. , Krasnikov A. A. 
Published: November 2020

Разработанная математически формализованная методика идентификации параметров жесткости математических (конечно-элементных) моделей пространственных конструкций апробирована на двух стендовых физических моделях «Конструктор» и «Этажерка». Особенностью стенда «Конструктор» является чувствительность частот и форм собственных колебаний значимой части спектра к вносимому намеренному повреждению, особенностью стенда «Этажерка» – бо́льшая индифферентность значимой части спектра к вносимым повреждениям. Выполнена идентификация параметров жесткости и дефектов различных состояний стендов. Показал практическую эффективность предложенный алгоритм выделения приоритетных компонент минимизации, обеспечивающий корректную идентификацию в условиях значимого, «контрастного» изменения значимой части спектра и значительно повышающий вычислительную эффективность эквивалентной задачи минимизации. Для детального исследования резонансных характеристик использован метод стоячих волн в оцифрованном варианте. Получены корректные результаты апробации для стенда «Конструктор». Для стенда «Этажерка» влияние погрешностей приводит к ошибкам локализации дефекта по высоте (уровню) повреждаемой «колонны», преодоление которых в рамках предложенной методики возможно за счет повышения точности компонент векторов форм или исследования более высоких общесистемных частот / форм собственных колебаний. В целом, результаты апробации показывают, что подход применим для исследования пространственных расчетных схем и может быть востребован, в том числе, как составная часть информационно-аналитико-математических моделей цифровых двойников (digital twins) в составе современных систем динамического мониторинга.
Factors for Developing Risk Management System in the Process of BIM-technologies Implementation in Construction Organizations of Udmurt Republic
Authors: Privalova M. A. , Korepanova N. S. , Kuznetsov A. L. , Simchenko I. V. 
Published: November 2020

Сегодня процессу цифровой модернизации подвержены многие отрасли, в том числе и строительная, для которой особенно остро стоит задача внедрения инновационных цифровых технологий. Цифровое моделирование зданий и сооружений (далее BIM или BIM-технологии) является сейчас неотъемлемой частью и инструментом проектирования, управления и эксплуатации проектов строительства. Риск внедрения данной технологии можно охарактеризовать как инновационный, представляющий собой вероятность убытка в процессе внедрения инновационных технологии. Такие риски означают неопределенность эффективности результата внедрения системы управления проектами на основе BIM-технологий и влияют на стоимость, продолжительность и качество выполняемых работ. Для получения эффективного результата от внедрения BIM-технологий необходимо применять системный подход к их внедрению. Авторами предлагается рассмотреть и идентифицировать основные факторы риска, сопровождающие процесс внедрения данных технологий для формирования эффективной методики внедрения. Целью данной работы является выявление предпосылок для разработки системы управления рисками, возникающими при внедрении BIM-технологий в строительное проектирование и деятельность строительных и проектных организаций Удмуртской Республики. Методологической базой исследования является научная литература и данные экспертного опроса, проводимого в рамках исследования проблем, препятствующих внедрению BIM-технологий в деятельность проектных и строительных организаций Удмуртской Республики, статистические и опросные данные ведущих исследовательских организаций.
Hardiness training for HIV-infected women
Authors: Savchenko G. N. , Koltsova O. V. 
Published: November 2020

Aim objective is to study the relationship between the viability of HIV-infected women and their psychological state, lifelong orientations, and coping strategies for developing psychological intervention.Materials and methods. The study participants were patients of the St. Petersburg Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS. The questionnaire includes the socio-demographic characteristics of women. «Resilience Test» S. Muddy, test «Meaningful Life Orientations» (SJO) D. A. Leont’ev, Stress Management Strategies (SACS) Questionnaire C. Hobfall, the SSD-12 scale evaluates the psychological stress associated with somatic symptoms. The Impact of Event Scale is designed to measure speciﬁc human responses to stressors, where a common scale measures the degree to which a response to HIV infection is a traumatic event.Results. The average age of women who participated in the training is 38.9 years. 48,1% (13/27) have higher education. 37% (10/27) have No children. 48,1% (13/27) of women are single (do not have a permanent sexual partner). 33,3% (9/27) of the participants were diagnosed with HIV infection less than a year ago. The training included a complex of three classes. Participants gathered once a week from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. The group was open. Those who completed a set of three classes were asked to ﬁll out a feedback form. The indicators of the «Resilience» test at a high level of statistical signiﬁcance are positively associated with the indicators of the LSS «General Intelligence», «Goals in Life», «Life Process», «Life Efficiency», «Locus of Control-I», «Locus of Control-Life». The severity of the perception of the diagnosis of HIV infection as a traumatic event has a two-way connection with psychological tension (at the cognitive, affective and behavioral levels), a negative connection with the meaning of life orientations and the need to ﬁnd the «source» of the meaning of life at the moment. The traumatic effect of HIV infection is associated with aggressive behavior, difficulties in the meaningfulness of what is happening, with a loss of vigilance and self-conﬁdence.