bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advantages and Limitations of Leap Motion from a Developers', Physical Therapists', and Patients' Perspective
Authors: Gamboa Edwin , Serrato Andres , Castro Juan , Toro Diana , Trujillo Maria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Physical rehabilitation exergames (PREGs) are suitable for motivating patients toward completing treatments. Leap Motion (LM) is a motion sensor that may be useful for developing PREGs targeted at hands and fingers rehabilitation. Therefore, knowing the advantages and limitations of LM is relevant to understand under which conditions this sensor may be suitable.
Objective In this article, we present a qualitative study to identify the main advantages and limitations of LM for PREGs.
Methods We collect data using interviews with a group of PREGs developers, physical therapy experts, and patients. We employ the thematic analysis method to analyze the collected data.
Results We found that the advantages and limitations of LM are related to (1) the role as PREG development tool that enables hand movements detection, (2) the capability to be a mobile and easy-to-use capturing technology, and (3) the contribution to add value in rehabilitation therapy by motivating physical therapists and patients to use PREGs.
Conclusion The analysis shows that LM is a suitable and cost-effective solution for developing usable PREGs for some hand and finger rehabilitation movements with a moderate development effort. However, the development maturity of LM poses limitations related to reliability and robustness, preventing the use of LM as a standalone physical rehabilitation tool. Our findings serve as guidelines for developers and physical therapists during the development and use of PREGs targeted at hands and fingers, guiding the decision-making process during feasibility analysis and design stages.
Preoperative MRI of Articular Cartilage in the Knee: A Practical Approach
Authors: Fritz Russell C. , Chaudhari Akshay S. , Boutin Robert D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArticular cartilage of the knee can be evaluated with high accuracy by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative patients with knee pain, but image quality and reporting are variable. This article discusses the normal MRI appearance of articular cartilage as well as the common MRI abnormalities of knee cartilage that may be considered for operative treatment. This article focuses on a practical approach to preoperative MRI of knee articular cartilage using routine MRI techniques. Current and future directions of knee MRI related to articular cartilage are also discussed.
Resultado clínico do reparo parcial nas roturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador
Authors: Malavolta Eduardo Angeli , Martinez Luca , Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Assunção Jorge Henrique , Andrade-Silva Fernando Brandão , Ferreira Neto Arnaldo Amado 
Published: October 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o resultado funcional de pacientes submetidos ao reparo parcial por via artroscópica de roturas extensas do manguito rotador.
Métodos Série de casos retrospectiva, avaliando pacientes com roturas extensas do manguito rotador submetidos ao reparo parcial por via artroscópica. O desfecho primário foi a escala American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES, na sigla em inglês) aos 24 meses. Foram desfechos secundários a escala Modified-University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA, na sigla em inglês), e seus subdomínios satisfação, flexão anterior ativa e força de flexão anterior ativa.
Resultados Avaliamos 33 pacientes. A escala da ASES evoluiu de 39,7 ± 19,6 para 77,6 ± 17,4 (p < 0,001). A escala da UCLA evoluiu de 13,3 ± 5,5 para 27,9 ± 5,6 (p < 0,001). A taxa de satisfação foi de 97%. O número de pacientes com flexão anterior ativa > 150° passou de 12 (36,4%) para 25 (75,8%) (p = 0,002). O número de pacientes com força de flexão anterior ativa normal ou boa passou de 9 (27,3%) para 22 (66,7%) (p = 0,015).
Conclusão O reparo parcial nas roturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador leva a melhora significativa de acordo com as escalas da ASES e UCLA.
The Outcome of Posterior-Stabilized, Rotating Platform Total Knee Arthroplasty at a Minimum Ten-Year Follow-Up, a Middle East Institution Experience
Authors: Khalifa Ahmed A. , Fayez Mostafa , Elkady Hesham , Abdelaal Ahmed M. , Elassal Maher A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPosterior-stabilized, rotating platform knee prosthesis design was aimed to decrease polyethylene wear for the sake of improving implant survivorship. The purpose of the present prospective study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic results as well as the survival rate after using a rotating platform, posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis at a minimum of 10 years at a Middle East institution. We compared the results with reports in the literature on western populations. From January 2002 to June 2008, 96 patients (106 knees) underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a cemented rotating platform posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis. At a mean of 11.5 ± 1.3 years, 85 patients (95 TKAs) were available for clinical, radiographic, and implant survival analysis. At the final follow-up, 78.9% of the patients had excellent Knee Society Scoring system score, the average knee flexion was 110 ± 17 degrees, the average anatomical knee coronal alignment was 186 ± 2 degrees and 187 ± 3 degrees for varus and valgus knees, respectively. Five (5.2%) knees were revised of these: two for bearing dislocation, two for aseptic loosening, and one for infection. The Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 94.7% for all revisions and 97.8% when only revision for aseptic loosening considered as the end point. At a long-term follow-up, reasonable clinical and radiographic outcomes had been achieved after using a rotating platform, posterior-stabilized knee prosthesis in our population with acceptable survival rate reaching up to 95%, which is comparable to reports from the western population.
Proximal Row Carpectomy Using Decellularized Dermal Allograft: Preliminary Results
Authors: Lee Steven J. , Rabinovich Remy V. , Kim Andrew 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing proximal row carpectomy (PRC) with interposition arthroplasty using a decellularized dermal allograft.
Methods Patients with a minimum of 1-year follow-up after undergoing a PRC using decellularized dermal allograft were contacted for clinical evaluation, radiographs, and postoperative outcome questionnaires, including the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire as well as the modified Likert scale for patient satisfaction. Nine of ten (90%) consecutive patients who were treated using this surgical technique were available for follow-up.
Results At a mean follow-up of 18 months, a total of nine patients achieved a mean flexion-extension arc of 113 degrees, pronosupination of 170.5 degrees, grip strength of 68 Ibs and pinch strength of 17 Ibs. Relative to the contralateral side, these values were 95, 100, 84 and 82%, respectively. There was significant improvement in the mean DASH score from 63.5 preoperatively to 23.8 postoperatively. Patient satisfaction postoperatively achieved a mean modified Likert score of 1.5. There was no evidence of radiocarpal joint space degeneration or dislocation in any of the patients. No patient suffered wound-related issues, foreign-body reaction to the graft, or other complications.
Conclusion PRC with interposition arthroplasty using a decellularized dermal allograft in patients with degenerative changes at the lunate fossa or capitate demonstrates short-term outcomes comparable to what has been reported for routine PRC in patients without degenerative changes affecting the radiocapitate joint. This method of interposition arthroplasty expands the indications for PRC and may help avoid salvage, motion-sacrificing procedures in select patients with late-stage wrist arthritis.
Level of Evidence This is a level IV, therapeutic study.
Political and journalistic discourse regarding the Catalan
declaration of independence
Authors: Escoriza Morera Luis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
As van Dijk argues, ideologies are social beliefs
which are usually transmitted through discourse, and therefore
journalistic and political texts are seen to be two trusted means of
communication which are ideal for that function. Within the
framework of the relation between language and ideology, my aim is
to carry out a critical discourse analysis of various texts of this
type. I shall begin by comparing the content of seven different
newspapers published on 28 October 2017, the day after the Catalan
Parliament’s unilateral declaration of independence (UDI). Four of
these are national in scope (ABC, El País, El Mundo, and La Razón)
and three are published in Catalonia (La Vanguardia, El Periódico de
Catalunya, and Ara). I then focus my attention on the information
expressed in two of these, namely ABC and La Vanguardia, with the
aim of examining the different ways the same information is treated
and the linguistic mechanisms used to downplay or enhance the same
facts for different ideological purposes. In a similar vein, I go on
to analyse the different discourse approaches adopted by the main
political parties when dealing with the concept of the State in
their respective manifestos for the 2019 general election.
Persuasive discourse in Daniel Defoe’s political essays
Authors: López Campillo Rosa María 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The main concern of this paper is to gain an
insight into two of the most common rhetorical strategies used by
Daniel Defoe as a political journalist in the first decades of
eighteenth-century Britain: boosting and hedging. I draw attention
to these two different persuasive verbal devices employed by the
writer in a sample of Defoe’s political essays published in 1709
excerpted from The Review (1704–1713), one of the
leading journals during the reign of Anne Stuart, when political
propaganda relied heavily on pamphlets and periodicals. The results
obtained reveal that Defoe used language as a political weapon,
resorting to boosting, on the one hand, to make his stance clear,
add emphasis, confer certainty to his arguments, and convince the
readership of the evidence of his statements; and to hedging, on the
other, to soften potential conflicts produced by his assertions,
connect with the readers, and attain persuasion.
Business discourse from a psycholinguistic approach
Authors: Varo Varo Carmen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Business discourse has always captured the
attention of several social and cultural fields. Within the
framework of linguistics, disciplines such as pragmatics,
sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology have contributed to
the analysis of this communication process and the design of a
linguistic model, suited to its contextual, social, and cultural
determining factors. This chapter addresses the need for expanding
this model by the incorporation of the latest achievements in
psycholinguistics through a neurosemantic approach to language,
focusing on three points: (1) the mental organisation of linguistic
knowledge into networks; (2) the strong ties between linguistic
processes and other cognitive functions; and (3) the effectiveness
of the contrast principle which emerges from the lexical units and
transcends the textual level. The business language data used in
this study derive from texts related to and/or produced by three
Spanish companies. The analysis is intended to attain a more
comprehensive formulation of business discourse as a communicative
modality, and, in addition, determine the major cognitive strategies
found in its different textual manifestations.
Compensatory discourse strategies in the bilingual university
classroom
Authors: Griffith Mary 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Contrastive Discourse Analysis operates in a
boundary area where linguistics and psychology overlap. Systematic
analysis of classroom and academic discourse can enhance approaches
to public discourse, including those dealing with the communicative
content rather than the form of texts. Such is the context of the
bilingual discourse in the university classroom. This study takes a
sequenced and multi-methodological approach to analyse, first, the errors in spoken performance in the bilingual classroom; second, the
impact of these errors on overall intelligibility. The sample is
taken from academic discourse and is comprised of 34 hours of spoken
interaction with eight different Spanish speakers teaching through
English. The findings show that compensatory discourse strategies,
including listener comprehension, impacted communication much more
than the errors detracted from it.
“The people want it”
Authors: Jansen Henrike 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article reflects on the reasonableness of populist arguments supporting a prescriptive standpoint in the context of
deliberation (which I call ‘deliberative’ populist arguments). A literature survey shows a divide between authors who claim that populist
arguments are always fallacious and those who think that in some situations they can be reasonable, including the context of political
deliberation. It is then argued that deliberative populist arguments are based on a linking premise that appeals to majority opinion as a
principle of democracy. This linking premise differs from the one underlying the traditional interpretation of a fallacious populist
argument (argumentum ad populum) and appears at first sight to make the argument reasonable. However, I conclude that a
deliberative populist argument is also unreasonable, because it acts merely as a trump card, creating a false impression about democracy and
avoiding engagement in real debate and substantive reasons.
Economic consequences for lawyers
Authors: Esposito Fabrizio , Tuzet Giovanni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article moves from the premise that a bilateral relationship between law and economics requires the contribution of
the theory of legal argumentation. The article shows that, to be legally relevant, economic consequences have to be incorporated into
interpretive arguments. In this regard, the jurisprudential preface strategy proposed by Craswell goes in the right direction, but begs the
question of why the legally relevant consequences have to be assessed in terms of total welfare maximization instead of, in the EU context
at least, consumer welfare maximization. After having identified five points of divergence between total and consumer welfare approaches,
the article draws from legal inferentialism to propose an analytical tool – the explanatory scorekeeping model – for assessing the
explanatory power of these two approaches. The model is then applied to the reasoning in United Brands Company v.
Commission.
Negation and polar question–answer clauses in South African Sign Language
Authors: Huddlestone Kate 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper contributes to the typological debate of whether sign languages should be divided into manual versus non-manual dominant languages, w.r.t. negation, a distinction that has recently been challenged (Johnston 2018) or argued to be too radical (Oomen & Pfau 2017), by providing a characterization of negation in South African Sign Language (SASL). It has also been observed in several sign languages that a construction which consists of a yes-no question followed by a negative fragment answer, both produced by the same speaker, can be used to negate a proposition. While this question-answer pair construction has received attention in the recent sign language literature, it is only mentioned in passing in the literature on negation. In this paper, I provide an analysis of these polar question-answer clauses as a grammaticalized negation strategy in SASL, followingCaponigro and Davidson’s (2011)analysis of this construction in ASL.
Probing quantum Fisher information of an open Dirac system with Hawking effect in the Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: Falaye Babatunde James , Liman Muhammad Sanusi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The unavoidable interaction of a real quantum system with the environment leads to the degradation of quantum coherence. Consequently, this paper investigates how such interaction can influence the quantum Fisher information (QFI) with the Hawking effect in the Schwarzschild black hole. We have considered two models of quantum decoherence: amplitude damping and phase damping channels; both can be experimentally induced. We found that Quantum information

F
ϕ

is more robust to phase flip channel than to the amplitude damping channel. It is observed that under the influence of phase damping channel, Quantum information

F
θ

does not depend on Hawking temperature making the parameter estimation immune to the Hawking effect but susceptible to decoherence. We found that QFI dwindles with increasing Hawking temperature and becomes more attenuated with decoherence which implies that the parameter estimation can be achieved with higher precision when the black hole is not evaporating.
Preface: Frontiers in Astrophysics (II) — A special issue dedicated to the 20th anniversary of RAA (2001–2020)
Authors: Wang Jingxiu , Ip Wing-Huen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
On the arrival of the 20th anniversary of the journal, Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA), we see rapid progress in the frontiers of astronomy and astrophysics. To celebrate the birth and growth of RAA, a special issue consisting of 11 invited reviews from more than 30 authors, mainly from China, has been organized. This is the second volume of the special issues entitled Frontiers in Astrophysics published in RAA. The publication aims at evaluating the current status and key progress in some frontier areas of astronomy and astrophysics with a spirit of guiding future studies.
Binary Population Synthesis
Authors: Han Zhan-Wen , Ge Hong-Wei , Chen Xue-Fei , Chen Hai-Liang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Binary interactions lead to the formation of intriguing objects, such as compact binaries, supernovae, gamma ray bursts, X-ray binaries, pulsars, novae, cataclysmic variables, hot subdwarf stars, barium stars and blue stragglers. To study the evolution of binary populations and the consequent formation of these objects, many methods have been developed over the years, for which a robust approach named binary population synthesis (BPS) warrants special attention. This approach has seen widespread application in many areas of astrophysics, including but not limited to analyses of the stellar content of galaxies, research on galactic chemical evolution and studies concerning star formation and cosmic re-ionization. In this review, we discuss the role of BPS, its general picture and the various components that comprise it. We pay special attention to the stability criteria for mass transfer in binaries, as this stability largely determines the fate of binary systems. We conclude with our perspectives regarding the future of this field.
Some interesting topics provoked by the solar filament research in the past decade
Authors: Chen Peng-Fei , Xu Ao-Ao , Ding Ming-De 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Solar filaments are an intriguing phenomenon, like cool clouds suspended in the hot corona. Similar structures exist in the intergalactic medium as well. Despite being a long-studied topic, solar filaments have continually attracted intensive attention because of their link to coronal heating, coronal seismology, solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this review paper, by combing through the solar filament-related work done in the past decade, we discuss several controversial topics, such as the fine structures, dynamics, magnetic configurations and helicity of filaments. With high-resolution and high-sensitivity observations, combined with numerical simulations, it is expected that resolving these disputes will definitely lead to a huge leap in understanding the physics related to solar filaments, and even shed light on galactic filaments.
Trends and drivers of African fossil fuel CO2 emissions 1990–2017
Authors: Ayompe Lacour M , Davis Steven J , Egoh Benis N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change aim for global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to be net-zero by midcentury. Such a goal will require both drastically reducing emissions from high-income countries and avoiding large increases in emissions from still-developing countries. Yet most analyses focus on rich-country emissions reductions, with much less attention to trends in low-income countries. Here, we use a Kaya framework to analyze patterns and trends in CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels in Africa between 1990 and 2017. In total, African CO2 emissions were just 4% of global fossil fuel emissions in 2017, or 1185 MtCO2, having grown by 4.6% yr−1 on average over the period 1990–2017 (cf the global growth rate of 2.2% yr−1 over the same period). In 2017, 10 countries accounted for about 87% of the continent’s emissions. Despite modest recent reductions in some countries’ CO2 emissions, projections of rapid growth of population and per capita GDP will drive future increases in emissions. Indeed, if the continent-wide average growth rate of 2010–2017 persists, by 2030 Africa’s emissions will have risen by ∼30% (to 1545 MtCO2). Moreover, if increases in carbon intensity also continue, Africa’s emissions would be substantially higher. In either case, such growth is at odds with international climate goals. Achieving such goals will require that the energy for African countries’ development instead come from non-emitting sources.
Harmonic Linearization Method for Computing the Motions of a Specific Type of Three-Joint Arms
Authors: Alekseyeva S V , Sokolova V A , Markov V A , Alekseyeva E A , Ilyushenko D A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a three-joint arm that has two translational fifth-class kinematic pairs and a rotational one. The first two kinematic pairs are axially orthogonal, while the second and the third one are axially parallel. Such robots find use in machinery handling for arc welding. Systems of three nonlinear second-order differential equations were obtained to describe the motions of this arm. As it was necessary to assess the moment of load emerging on the control-drive shaft, the external generalized forces were reduced to a corresponding generalized coordinate. Harmonic linearization of nonlinearities was applied to analyze the arm system. This method can be used to fine the core properties of the system (frequency, amplitude, and phase of the oscillations; dependence of the form of nonlinearities or on the parameters of the linear part; etc.) without studying the transient.Ratios were obtained to find the parameters of natural oscillational motion occurring in such arms. These rations can be used to design and set up such an arm. The finding is that where the system of equations describing the motion of such an arm (including the drive motion equations) contains no prominent nonlinearities, these rations are a system of two algebraic frequency equations: a sixth-degree one and a fifth-degree one.