bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variants of WNT7A and GPR124 are associated with hemorrhagic transformation following intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke
Authors: Ta Song , Rong Xianfang , Guo Zhen‐Ni , Jin Hang , Zhang Peng , Li Fenge , Li Zhihuan , Lin Lilong , Zheng Chenqing , Gu Qingquan , Zhang Yuan , Liu Wenlan , Yang Yi , Chang Junlei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsThe canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays an essential role in blood‐brain barrier integrity and intracerebral hemorrhage in preclinical stroke models. Here, we sought to explore the association between canonical Wnt signaling and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients as well as to determine the underlying cellular mechanisms.Methods355 consecutive AIS patients receiving IVT were included. Blood samples were collected on admission, and HT was detected at 24 hours after IVT. 117 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 28 Wnt signaling genes and exon sequences of 4 core cerebrovascular Wnt signaling components (GPR124, RECK, FZD4, and CTNNB1) were determined using a customized sequencing chip. The impact of identified genetic variants was further studied in HEK 293T cells using cellular and biochemical assays.ResultsDuring the study period, 80 patients experienced HT with 27 parenchymal hematoma (PH). Compared to the non‐PH patients, WNT7A SNPs (rs2163910, P = .001, OR 2.727; rs1124480, P = .002, OR 2.404) and GPR124 SNPs (rs61738775, P = .012, OR 4.883; rs146016051, P < .001, OR 7.607; rs75336000, P = .044, OR 2.503) were selectively enriched in the PH patients. Interestingly, a missense variant of GPR124 (rs75336000, c.3587G>A) identified in the PH patients resulted in a single amino acid alteration (p.Cys1196Tyr) in the intracellular domain of GPR124. This variant substantially reduced the activity of WNT7B‐induced canonical Wnt signaling by decreasing the ability of GPR124 to recruit cytoplasmic DVL1 to the cellular membrane.ConclusionVariants of WNT7A and GPR124 are associated with increased risk of PH in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis, likely through regulating the activity of canonical Wnt signaling.
Erythema ab igne with features resembling keratosis lichenoides chronica
Authors: Wells Amy , Desai Anand , Rudnick Eric W. , Motaparthi Kiran 
Published: September 2020

AbstractErythema ab igne (EAI) is an asymptomatic dermatosis that develops in response to chronic exposure to low‐grade heat. Characteristic findings on histopathology include epidermal atrophy, dermal elastosis, atypical histiocytes, and melanin and hemosiderin deposition. Reactive endothelial changes and prominent vascular proliferation are variable. Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC) is a rare lichenoid hyperkeratotic dermatosis. Acanthosis with parakeratosis and a lichenoid interface dermatitis with lymphocytes, histiocytes, and plasma cells are characteristic findings of KLC. Although its etiology remains unclear, KLC has been reported to occur in response to heat. Herein, we report a case of EAI with features resembling KLC.
Evaluation of the efficacy of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline in rosacea: a systematic review of clinical trials and meta‐analysis
Authors: Husein‐ElAhmed Husein , Steinhoff Martin 
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundLow‐dose doxycycline (SDD) is an antimicrobial agent that appears to improve common inflammatory skin diseases. Few data are available regarding the overall effectiveness, appropriate length of treatment and optimal patient selection for rosacea. We therefore reviewed the efficacy of sub‐antimicrobial doses of SDD in papulopustular rosacea (PPR) and aimed to determine the most suitable patients for this approach.MethodsFrom July to September 2019, we carried out a comprehensive search of literature from five databases, using a combination of “rosacea” AND “doxycycline”.ResultsOur search yielded 532 potentially relevant studies. Our meta‐analysis showed no significant difference between SDD and a comparator (RR: 1.12, 95 % CI: 0.78–1.62, I2 = 86 %). Subgroup analysis of studies comparing doxycycline with placebo yielded a clear difference in favor of doxycycline (RR: 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.22–1.72, I2 = 31 %), while subgroup analysis of studies comparing active drugs revealed no difference between interventions (RR: 0.52, 95 % CI: 0.17–1.63, I2 = 90 %).ConclusionsThere is strong evidence that SDD is more effective than placebo. However, other drugs such as minocycline or isotretinoin have shown outcomes at least similar to that of SDD. We suggest that the anti‐inflammatory properties of SDD may be of more value for mild cases of rosacea than for moderate to severe cases, for which higher (antimicrobial) doses of doxycycline may be a more suitable choice.
Pilot study on the influence of cold atmospheric plasma on bacterial contamination and healing tendency of chronic wounds
Authors: Moelleken Maurice , Jockenhöfer Finja , Wiegand Cornelia , Buer Jan , Benson Sven , Dissemond Joachim 
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been used successfully for wound treatment, with thrice weekly treatment intervals. In this study, we wished to investigate whether comparably beneficial results can be achieved even with once weekly CAP treatment.Patients and methodsIn this randomized clinical pilot study (RCT) patients with therapy‐refractory chronic wounds were examined over a maximum of twelve weeks. Groups 1 and 2 were treated with CAP once and twice a week, respectively. Patients in Group 3 received placebo therapy once a week.ResultsWound area decreased significantly by 63.0 % in Group 1 (n = 14, P = 0.005) and by 46.8 % in Group 2 (n = 13, P = 0.007). In Group 3 (n = 10) the wounds grew on average 17.5 % larger. A significant reduction in pain was measured in both CAP‐treated groups (Group 1: P = 0.042; Group 2: P = 0.027). Only in Group 2 was there a significant improvement in wound‐specific quality of life (P = 0.005). After the 12‐week CAP treatment, the reduction in bacterial load compared to the day of study inclusion averaged 50.4 % for Group 1 and 35.0 % for Group 2.ConclusionsOur RCT shows that treatment with CAP improves various aspects of wound healing in patients with therapy‐refractory chronic wounds. The results obtained for once weekly treatment with CAP were not inferior to those obtained when CAP treatment was three times a week. Treatment once a week is also easier and more economical to implement in clinical routine.
What a drag it is being relational: Developing planetary identities
Authors: Bauman Whitney A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFeminists scholars, among others, have long argued for a relational understanding of identity and the self. More recently queer theory and the new materialisms have taken that understanding and placed it within an evolutionary and planetary perspective. As most modern, western understandings of law, politics, and ethics take the individual as the base unit for reflection, what might this relational, planetary identity mean in terms of ethics? This brief essay explores some of the religious and theoretical supports for a relational, planetary self, and then develops a type of ethic that is based upon a critical romanticism for the planet.
Gastrointestinal adverse events with insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed‐ratio combination versus glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Rayner Christopher K. , Wu Tongzhi , Aroda Vanita R. , Whittington Craig , Kanters Steve , Guyot Patricia , Shaunik Alka , Horowitz Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) are the recommended first injectable therapy in type 2 diabetes. However, long‐term persistence is suboptimal and partly attributable to gastrointestinal tolerability, particularly during initiation/escalation. Gradual titration of fixed‐ratio combination GLP‐1 RA/insulin therapies may improve GLP‐1 RA gastrointestinal tolerability. We compared gastrointestinal adverse event (AE) rates for iGlarLixi versus GLP‐1 RAs during the first 12 weeks of therapy, including a sensitivity analysis with IDegLira.Materials and methodsThe PICO framework was used to identify studies from MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL searches using a proprietary, web‐based, standardized tool with single data extraction. Gastrointestinal AEs were modelled using a Bayesian network meta‐analysis (NMA), using fixed and random effects for each recommended dose (treatment‐specific NMA) and class (drug‐class NMA).ResultsTreatment‐specific NMA included 17 trials (n = 9030; 3665 event‐weeks). Nausea rates were significantly lower with iGlarLixi versus exenatide 10 μg twice daily (rate ratio: 0.32; 95% credible interval: 0.15, 0.66), once‐daily lixisenatide 20 μg (0.35; 0.24, 0.50) and liraglutide 1.8 mg once daily (0.48; 0.23, 0.98). Rates were numerically, but not statistically, lower versus once‐weekly semaglutide 1 mg (0.60; 0.30, 1.23) and dulaglutide 1.5 mg (0.60; 0.29, 1.26), and numerically, but not statistically, higher versus once‐weekly exenatide (1.91; 0.91, 4.03). Sensitivity analysis results were similar. In a naïve, pooled analysis, vomiting was lower with iGlarLixi versus other GLP‐1 RAs.ConclusionsDuring the first 12 weeks of treatment, iGlarLixi was generally associated with less nausea and vomiting than single‐agent GLP‐1 RAs. Enhanced gastrointestinal tolerability with fixed‐ratio combinations may favour treatment persistence.
Differential effects of L‐ and D‐phenylalanine on pancreatic and gastrointestinal hormone release in humans: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Amin Anjali , Frampton James , Liu Zhigang , Franco‐Becker Georgia , Norton Mariana , Alaa Aos , Li Jia V. , Murphy Kevin G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of L‐phenylalanine on gastroenteropancreatic hormone release, glucose levels, subjective appetite and energy intake in humans, and to determine whether these effects were stereoisomer‐specific by comparing them with D‐phenylalanine.Materials and methodsA dose‐finding, non‐randomized, unblinded, crossover study was conducted during October–December 2017 at the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility in five participants, in which the tolerability of escalating doses of oral L‐phenylalanine was assessed (0, 3, 6 and 10 g). Also, an acute, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover study was conducted during January–May 2018 at the NIHR Imperial Clinical Research Facility in 11 participants, in which the effects of oral 10 g L‐phenylalanine relative to D‐phenylalanine and placebo on gastroenteropancreatic hormone (insulin, glucagon, glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP], peptide tyrosine tyrosine [PYY], glucagon‐like peptide‐1) and glucose concentrations, visual analogue scales for subjective appetite and energy intake at an ad libitum meal served 70 minutes postingestion, were investigated.ResultsL‐phenylalanine was well‐tolerated and increased insulin and glucagon concentrations prior to meal ingestion at several time points relative to placebo and D‐phenylalanine (P < .05). L‐phenylalanine also increased GIP concentrations relative to D‐phenylalanine (P = .0420) and placebo (P = .0249) 70 minutes following ingestion. L‐phenylalanine reduced postprandial glucose area under the curve (AUC)70‐150mins relative to placebo (P = .0317) but did not affect subjective appetite or energy intake (P > .05). D‐phenylalanine increased postprandial PYY AUC70‐150mins concentrations relative to placebo (P = .0002).ConclusionsIngestion of L‐phenylalanine, but not D‐phenylalanine, increases insulin, glucagon and GIP concentrations without appearing to have a marked effect on appetite.
The ballot and the wallet: Self‐respect and the fair value of political liberties
Authors: Queralt Jahel , González‐Ricoy Iñigo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEconomic disparities often translate into disparities in political influence, rendering political liberties less worthy to poor citizens than to wealthier ones. Concerned with this, Rawls advocated that a guarantee of the fair value of political liberties be included in the first principle of justice as fairness, with significant regulatory and distributive implications. He nonetheless supplied little examination of the content and grounding of such guarantee, which we here offer. After examining three uncompelling arguments in its favor, we complete a more promising yet less explored argument that builds on the value of self‐respect. We first inspect the conditions and duties that securing self‐respect entails. We then look into how uneven allocations of the value of political liberties bear, expressively and due to the power imbalances they yield, on such conditions and duties.
Heidegger on Aristotelian phronêsis and moral justification
Authors: Zoller David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent reconstructions of Heidegger's thoughts on ethics have a curious paradoxical feature. On the one hand, Heidegger, particularly in his Aristotle lectures of the 1920s, offers a view of practical reason on which Dasein has its “moral knowledge” in a fully perceptual, non‐cognitive way. This generally sets Heidegger in opposition to the whole business of principled moral justification before the fact. On the other hand, the literature is peppered with what appear to be principled denunciations of immorality—particularly violations of other Dasein—grounded in the analytic of Dasein. To see human life as having a stable ergon (“business” or “function”), with certain broad tasks to pursue and vices to avoid, is not necessarily counter‐Aristotelian; on the contrary, it is basic to the kind of Aristotelianism Husserl pursued in his own lectures on ethics. Here I set Heidegger's Aristotelian model of practical reason amid the competing, though similar, Aristotelianisms of John McDowell and Husserl, which differ on their handling of the human ergon. I conclude that Heidegger's views on practical reason and moral knowledge certainly constrain and very much alter the business of moral justification, but they do not precisely rule it out.
Kant's a priori history of metaphysics: Systematicity, progress, and the ends of reason
Authors: Reichl Pavel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper explores Kant's conception of the relation between philosophy and its history. The idea that philosophy must account for its historical development is often associated with German Idealism. On the traditional view, the German Idealists departed from the ahistorical Kantian framework by conceiving of reason in a developmental manner, thus initiating a “historical turn” within philosophy. However, I argue that Kant's sketch of the history of metaphysics in the final chapter of the Critique of Pure Reason and in the so‐called Progress Essay anticipates this turn. Specifically, I argue that in this essay Kant articulates a developmental conception of reason as a basis for understanding the history of metaphysics. My aim is to change the prevailing view of Kant as an ahistorical thinker and to challenge the canonical account of the genesis of the historical turn in philosophy.
Species richness, abundance and diversity of ichneumonid wasps in Japanese beech forests impacted by sika deer and sawfly herbivory
Authors: Taniwaki Toru , Tamura Atsushi , Watanabe Kyohei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigated the community structure of ichneumonid wasps inhabiting beech forests at six sites in the Tanzawa Mountains of Japan under different magnitudes of impact by sika deer Cervus nippon and beech sawfly Fagineura crenativora on vegetation. Using yellow flight‐interception traps, we captured 2,528 ichneumonid wasps representing 367 species in 23 subfamilies. The number of species at each site ranged from 77 to 136 and approximately 80% of these were low‐density species (i.e. only one to two individuals captured per site). The number of individuals at each site ranged from 248 to 897, and the percentage of the beech sawfly parasitoids varied widely from 1% to 57%. The numbers of species in parasitoid groups categorized according to their hosts, that is, sawfly (not including the beech sawfly), Lepidoptera, woodborer, fungivore or the others, did not greatly differ among the study sites. Parasitoids attacking herbivorous insects exceeded others in species richness and abundance at all sites. Six sites were classified into four groups in terms of abundance of the host groups when excluding the parasitoids of the beech sawfly, but into only two groups when including these parasitoids. Species diversity and evenness were the highest at the least impacted site even if the beech sawfly parasitoids were excluded from calculation. We suggested some environmental factors, such as groundcover vegetation, abundance of the beech sawfly and structure and age of forest stands, that could have affected the community structure of ichneumonid wasps in the beech forests.
Incidence and distribution of subtypes of early‐onset dementia in Japan: A nationwide analysis based on annual performance reports of the Medical Centers for Dementia
Authors: Edahiro Ayako , Miyamae Fumiko , Taga Tsutomu , Sugiyama Mika , Kikuchi Kazunori , Okamura Tsuyoshi , Awata Shuichi 
Published: September 2020

AimInvestigating the incidence rate of early‐onset dementia is challenging. We explored the incidence rate of early‐onset dementia in Japan using annual performance reports from the Medical Centers for Dementia.MethodsMedical Centers for Dementia are specialized health services for dementia established as part of Japan's national health program. There are 440 such centers nationwide as of 2018. Using the annual performance reports of these centers, we calculated the number of newly diagnosed cases of early‐onset dementia or late‐onset dementia from April 1, 2018 to March 31, 2019, and the composition ratio by diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. The annual incidence rate of early‐onset dementia was estimated using the number of cases as the numerator and the national population aged 18–64 years as the denominator.ResultsIn total, 1733 of cases were diagnosed with early‐onset dementia, of which 52.1% were diagnosed as major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease, 8.9% major frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder, 8.8% major vascular neurocognitive disorder, 7.1% substance/medication‐induced major neurocognitive disorder, 6.5% major neurocognitive disorder with Lewy bodies and 3.9% major neurocognitive disorder due to another medical condition. The annual incidence rate of early‐onset dementia was estimated to be 2.47/100 000 person‐years.ConclusionsThis study provides the first nationwide estimate of the incidence rate of early‐onset dementia in Japan and suggests that Medical Centers for Dementia are important resources for the epidemiological monitoring of early‐onset dementia nationwide. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 1050–1055..
Enhancing the sinterability and electrical properties of BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2O3‐δ proton‐conducting ceramic electrolyte
Authors: Yu Shenglong , Wang Zhen , Yang Lei , Liu Jincheng , Guan Rui , Xiao Youcheng , He Tianmin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA novel strategy was proposed to enhance the sinterability and electrical properties of BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.2O3‐δ (BZCY) proton‐conducting electrolyte by adding 10 wt.% La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3‐δ (LSGM) to form a 90 wt.% BZCY–10 wt.% LSGM (BL91) composite electrolyte. XRD patterns showed that no reaction occurred between the BZCY and LSGM electrolytes after sintering at 1400°C, 1450°C, 1500°C, and 1550°C for 10 h. The BL91 composite electrolyte exhibited higher relative densities and Vickers hardness and excellent electrical properties compared with those of the BZCY electrolyte. A combined approach of equivalent circuit model and distribution of relaxation time analysis was used to distinguish the bulk and grain‐boundary contributions to the total conductivity and electrode processes. The introduction of 10 wt.% LSGM serves as a grain‐boundary pinning phase, which can reduce the mobility of grain boundaries, thereby increasing sintered density and enhancing conductivity in BL91. A solid oxide fuel cell with proton‐conducting BL91 and BZCY membranes was tested, in which the former displayed higher power outputs than the latter. Ohmic and interfacial polarization resistances decreased by approximately 20%, thereby revealing the remarkable electrical properties of the BL91 electrolyte. Results demonstrated that BL91 composite is a development prospect proton‐conducting electrolyte.
Analysis of the color matching of universal resin composites in anterior restorations
Authors: de Abreu João Luiz Bittencourt , Sampaio Camila Sobral , Benalcázar Jalkh Ernesto Byron , Hirata Ronaldo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate color matching of universal composite restorations performed in anterior teeth using two evaluation methods.Materials and MethodsSixty class III preparations were made on denture central incisors with different shades (A1‐A3) and restored with multishade (Tetric Evoceram, Filtek Universal, and TPH Spectra Universal) and single‐shade (Omnichroma) universal composites (n = 5). For photographic analysis, a digital photograph of each specimen was taken under standardized set‐up. Color measurements were taken in the center of the restoration, and in the tooth surface 1.0 mm adjacent from the tooth/restoration margin. CIELab coordinates were recorded and color difference analysis (ΔE) was made using the CIEDE‐2000 formula. For visual analysis, calibrated observers performed visual scoring of color matching and differences were graded as 0:excellent match; 1:very good match; 2:not so good match; 3:obvious mismatch; 4:huge mismatch. All data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed model analysis with a confidence interval of 95%.ResultsFor photographic analysis, Omnichroma showed the highest ΔE compared to the other composites for all shades (P < .05), without difference among experimental groups regarding tooth shade. For visual analysis, Omnichroma showed the highest scores (P < .05) for all teeth shades, without differences between the other groups. Furthermore, there were no differences between visual scores for different shades of a same resin composite group.ConclusionsMultishade universal composites presented higher color matching than the single shade universal composite. There were no differences of color matching for different tooth shades for all composites.Clinical significanceUniversal composites with increased color matching may be helpful to simplify anterior restorations, minimizing clinical errors.
Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts: Policy And Practice Scan
Authors: Choo Kyungseok , Petrosino Anthony , Sutherland Hannah , Fronius Trevor , Guckenburg Sarah , Tran Jacquelyn , Earl Kevin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs part of a research team on the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) Initiative to Develop and Test Guidelines for Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts, WestEd conducted a policy and practice scan (also called an "environmental scan") to provide data on a small sample of local Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts (JDTCs) in the United States. This article is a synthesis of the information collected from 25 JDTCs on their current operations. The article first reviews key literature on JDTCs, followed by a description of the methodology used in this policy and practice scan. Then, the article presents findings about history, funding sources, partnerships, structures and operations, treatment options, challenges, and successes. We found little systematic performance evaluation or long‐term sustainability planning among the participating JDTCs. Finally, the article discusses the limitations of this study, implications for the new version of the JDTC guidelines, and practical recommendations for stakeholders in this field.