bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sharing Old Pictures With Grandchildren on Intergenerational Relationships: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gantumur Zoljargalan , Baez Marcos , Ulamnemekh Nomin-Erdene , Ibarra Francisco , Myagmarjav Sugarmaa , Casati Fabio 
Published: April 2020

Background
Intergenerational relationships are beneficial for both grandparents and grandchildren. A positive grandparent-grandchild relationship can improve the psychological well-being of older adults and be a source of social support, family history, and identity development. Maintaining meaningful interactions can be, however, a challenging endeavor, especially as life events lead to relocating geographically. Grandparents and grandchildren can have different preferences in terms of communication mediums and different assumptions about the real conversational needs of the other.

Objective
In this study, we will investigate the feasibility and effect of sharing memories of older adults with their grandchildren in social media. This intervention focuses on bringing snippets of the lives of the grandparents into the grandchildren’s social media feed and analyzing the potential effect on relational quality, relational investment, and conversational resources from the perspective of the grandchildren.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial will be used to measure the effectiveness of sharing family memories through social media on intergenerational relationships from the perspective of the grandchildren. The study will be implemented in Mongolia among 60 grandparent-grandchild pairs who will be assigned to either a control or intervention group. Pictures and stories will be collected during reminiscence sessions between the researchers and the grandparents before the intervention. During an intervention period of 2 months, grandchildren in the intervention group will receive pictures and stories of their grandparents on their social media account. Pre- and postintervention questionnaires will measure relationship quality, relationship investment, and conversational resources and will be used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.

Results
We conducted a pretest pilot from January to April 2018 among 6 pairs of participants (6 grandparents and 6 grandchildren). The validation of the protocol was focused on the process, instruments, and technological setup. We continued the study after the validation, and 59 pairs of participants (59 grandparents and 59 grandchildren) have been recruited. The data collection was completed in November 2019.

Conclusions
The results of this study will contribute to strategies to stimulate social interactions in intergenerational pairs. A validation of the study process is also presented to provide further operational recommendations. The lessons learned during the validation of the protocol are discussed with recommendations and implications for the recruitment, reminiscence sessions, technological setup, and administration of instruments.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/16315
Developing Effective Methods for Electronic Health Personalization: Protocol for Health Telescope, a Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Willemse Bastiaan Johannes Paulus Cornelis , Kaptein Maurits Clemens , Hasaart Fleur 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundExisting evaluations of the effects of mobile apps to encourage physical activity have been criticized owing to their common lack of external validity, their short duration, and their inability to explain the drivers of the observed effects. This protocol describes the setup of Health Telescope, a longitudinal panel study in which the long-term effects of mobile electronic health (eHealth) apps are investigated. By setting up Health Telescope, we aim to (1) understand more about the long-term use of eHealth apps in an externally valid setting, (2) understand the relationships between short-term and long-term outcomes of the usage of eHealth apps, and (3) test different ways in which eHealth app allocation can be personalized.ObjectiveThe objectives of this paper are to (1) demonstrate and motivate the validity of the many choices that we made in setting up an intensive longitudinal study, (2) provide a resource for researchers interested in using data generated by our study, and (3) act as a guideline for researchers interested in setting up their own longitudinal data collection using wearable devices. For the third objective, we explicitly discuss the General Data Protection Regulation and ethical requirements that need to be addressed.MethodsIn this 4-month study, a group of approximately 450 participants will have their daily step count measured and will be asked daily about their mood using experience sampling. Once per month, participants will receive an intervention containing a recommendation to download an app that focuses on increasing physical activity. The mechanism for assigning recommendations to participants will be personalized over time, using contextual data obtained from previous interventions.ResultsThe data collection software has been developed, and all the legal and ethical checks are in place. Recruitment will start in Q4 of 2020. The initial results will be published in 2021.ConclusionsThe aim of Health Telescope is to investigate how different individuals respond to different ways of being encouraged to increase their physical activity. In this paper, we detail the setup, methods, and analysis plan that will enable us to reach this aim.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/16471
Self-Practice of Stabilizing and Guided Imagery Techniques for Traumatized Refugees via Digital Audio Files: Qualitative Study
Authors: Zehetmair Catharina , Nagy Ede , Leetz Carla , Cranz Anna , Kindermann David , Reddemann Luise , Nikendei Christoph 
Published: April 2020

Background
Refugees have an increased risk of developing mental health problems. There are insufficient psychosocial care structures to meet the resulting need for support. Stabilizing and guided imagery techniques have shown promising results in increasing traumatized refugees’ emotional stabilization. If delivered via audio files, the techniques can be practiced autonomously and independent of time, space, and human resources or stable treatment settings.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the self-practice of stabilizing and guided imagery techniques via digital audio files for traumatized refugees living in a reception and registration center in Germany.

Methods
From May 2018 to February 2019, 42 traumatized refugees participated in our study. At T1, patients received digital audio files in English, French, Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, or Serbian for self-practice. Nine days later, at T2, a face-to-face interview was conducted. Two months after T2, a follow-up interview took place via telephone.

Results
At T2, about half of the patients reported the daily practice of stabilizing and guided imagery techniques. At follow-up, the average frequency of practice was once weekly or more for those experiencing worse symptoms. No technical difficulties were reported. According to T2 and follow-up statements, the techniques helped the patients dealing with arousal, concentration, sleep, mood, thoughts, empowerment, and tension. The guided imagery technique “The Inner Safe Place” was the most popular. Self-practice was impeded by postmigratory distress factors, like overcrowded accommodations.

Conclusions
The results show that self-practice of stabilizing and guided imagery techniques via digital audio files was helpful to and well accepted by the assessed refugees. Even though postmigratory distress factors hampered self-practice, “The Inner Safe Place” technique was particularly well received. Overall, the self-practiced audio-based stabilizing and guided imagery techniques showed promising results among the highly vulnerable group of newly arrived traumatized refugees.
Perceptions About Technologies That Help Community-Dwelling Older Adults Remain at Home: Qualitative Study
Authors: Verloo Henk , Kampel Thomas , Vidal Nicole , Pereira Filipa 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe population of Europe is aging rapidly. Most community-dwelling older adults (CDOAs) want to remain in their homes, particularly those experiencing functional decline. Politicians and academics repeatedly praise technological instruments for being the preferred solution for helping older adults with deteriorating health to remain at home.ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand the perceptions of CDOAs and their informal caregivers (ICs) and professional caregivers (PCs) about technologies that can help keep older adults at home.MethodsThis qualitative study used personal interviews, focus groups, and photo-elicitation interviews to better understand the perceptions of a convenience sample of 68 CDOAs, 21 ICs, and 32 PCs.ResultsA fraction of CDOAs did not perceive technological instruments to be a very useful means of helping them remain at home. However, the ICs and PCs were more positive. The CDOAs preferred and were more willing to adopt technologies related to their mobility and safety and those that would help slow down their cognitive decline. The ICs preferred technological aids that assist in the activities of daily living as well as safety-related technologies for detecting falls and helping to locate disoriented older adults. The PCs preferred integrated communication and information systems to improve collaboration between all stakeholders, housing equipped with technologies to manage complex care, high-performance ancillary equipment to transfer people with reduced mobility, and surveillance systems to ensure safety at home.ConclusionsAlthough our study reports that CDOAs have limited interest in innovative technologies to help them remain at home, their technological skills will undoubtedly improve in the future, as will those of ICs and PCs. Technological tools will play an increasingly important role in home health care.
Adherence of the #Here4U App – Military Version to Criteria for the Development of Rigorous Mental Health Apps
Authors: Linden Brooke , Tam-Seto Linna , Stuart Heather 
Published: April 2020

Background
Over the past several years, the emergence of mobile mental health apps has increased as a potential solution for populations who may face logistical and social barriers to traditional service delivery, including individuals connected to the military.

Objective
The goal of the #Here4U App – Military Version is to provide evidence-informed mental health support to members of Canada’s military community, leveraging artificial intelligence in the form of IBM Canada’s Watson Assistant to carry on unique text-based conversations with users, identify presenting mental health concerns, and refer users to self-help resources or recommend professional health care where appropriate.

Methods
As the availability and use of mental health apps has increased, so too has the list of recommendations and guidelines for efficacious development. We describe the development and testing conducted between 2018 and 2020 and assess the quality of the #Here4U App against 16 criteria for rigorous mental health app development, as identified by Bakker and colleagues in 2016.

Results
The #Here4U App – Military Version met the majority of Bakker and colleagues’ criteria, with those unmet considered not applicable to this particular product or out of scope for research conducted to date. Notably, a formal evaluation of the efficacy of the app is a major priority moving forward.

Conclusions
The #Here4U App – Military Version is a promising new mental health e-solution for members of the Canadian Armed Forces community, filling many of the gaps left by traditional service delivery.
Optimization of Formula Granule of Lempuyang Gajah (Zingiber zerumbet (L) J.E.Smith) Rhizome Purified Extract as a Larvicide
Authors: Murini Tri , Wahyuningsih Mae Sri Hartati , Fudholi Achmad , Satoto Tri Baskoro Tunggul 
Published: April 2020

Lempuyang gajah rhizome (Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith is considered potential as larvicidal. A previous study has shown that the purified extract of Z. zerumbet rhizome was toxic against Adese aegypti larvae. The aim of the study it to formulate a purified extract of Z. zerumbet (L) Smith in granule preparations by combining Sodium starch glycolate, PVP K-30 and tween 80. The granule formulation was optimized by the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method with using Design expert program 7.1.5. The results showed that the interaction of the three components can increase the flow rate index, the angle of repose, and reduce absorption. The optimum formula obtained was Sodium starch glycolate 2%, PVP K-30 2%, and Tween 80 5%. The analysis of one sample t-test shows that there is no significant difference between the predicted parameter values and the experimental results of the flow rate index and angle of repose, while the absorption response is significantly different. The optimum formula for granules has larvicidal activity with 100% larval death during 12-hour treatment.
Channel-Stuffing Reinvented: Earnings Management in Toshiba's Personal Computers Division
Authors: Gujarathi Mahendra R. , Dugar Amitabh 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
This case describes how Toshiba, a well-known Japanese conglomerate, creatively used the technique of channel-stuffing to inflate its earnings by $478 million during 2008–2014. Students evaluate the uniqueness of Toshiba's practice of channel-stuffing, determine whether Toshiba's financial statements faithfully depicted the economic reality of underlying transactions, and understand the spiraling effects of channel-stuffing on reported profits. Students also learn that the responsibility for integrity in financial reporting lies not just with the top management, but also with the junior employees. The case requires an understanding of only basic accounting concepts and can be used in a variety of courses, especially in the M.B.A. introductory accounting course, and in the intermediate accounting courses at the undergraduate or graduate level.
Strict Preanalytical Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Blood Sample Handling Is Essential for Diagnosing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Potter Julia M. , Hickman Peter E. , Oakman Carmen , Woods Catherine , Nolan Christopher J. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE
Preanalytical processing of blood samples can affect plasma glucose measurement because ongoing glycolysis by cells prior to centrifugation can lower its concentration. In June 2017, ACT Pathology changed the processing of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) blood samples for pregnant women from a delayed to an early centrifugation protocol. The effect of this change on the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis was determined.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
All pregnant women in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) are recommended for GDM testing with a 75-g OGTT using the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. From January 2015 to May 2017, OGTT samples were collected into sodium fluoride (NaF) tubes and kept at room temperature until completion of the test (delayed centrifugation). From June 2017 to October 2018, OGTT samples in NaF tubes were centrifuged within 10 min (early centrifugation).

RESULTS
A total of 7,509 women were tested with the delayed centrifugation protocol and 4,808 with the early centrifugation protocol. The mean glucose concentrations for the fasting, 1-h, and 2-h OGTT samples were, respectively, 0.24 mmol/L (5.4%), 0.34 mmol/L (4.9%), and 0.16 mmol/L (2.3%) higher using the early centrifugation protocol (P &lt; 0.0001 for all), increasing the GDM diagnosis rate from 11.6% (n = 869/7,509) to 20.6% (n = 1,007/4,887).

CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study highlight the critical importance of the preanalytical processing protocol of OGTT blood samples used for diagnosing GDM. Delay in centrifuging of blood collected into NaF tubes will result in substantially lower rates of diagnosis than if blood is centrifuged early.
Effect of the Photo-initiator System Contained in Universal Adhesives on Radicular Dentin Bonding
Authors: Carvalho RF , Cardenas AFM , Carvalho CN , de Souza JJ , Bauer JRO , Siqueira FSF , Armas-Vega A , Loguercio AD , Hass V 
Published: April 2020

Clinical Relevance
The photo-initiator system based on an advanced polymerization system may be an alternative that can be used to overcome the disadvantages of radicular dentin, especially for the apical third.

SUMMARY
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of universal adhesives with different photo-initiator systems applied in etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE) modes on dentin interaction (push-out bond strength [PBS], nanoleakage [NL], and degree of conversion [DC] within the hybrid layer) in the different root thirds after fiber post cementation.
Methods and Materials: Roots of endodontically prepared human premolars were randomly divided into six groups according to one of three adhesive systems (Scotchbond Universal [SBU], Ambar Universal [AMB], and Ambar Universal APS [AMB-APS]) and two adhesive strategies (ER and SE) for each system. Posts were cemented, and PBS was tested at 0.5 mm/min. The NL was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. DC was measured using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05).
Results: AMB-APS showed similar performance in all root thirds (p&gt;0.05) and higher values of DC, especially in the apical third (p&lt;0.0001). AMB and SBU showed the lowest values in the apical third (p&lt;0.0001).
Conclusions: The APS photo-initiator system contained in universal adhesives is a feasible alternative for improving radicular bonding procedure.
Strategies to Cope With Students’ Discipline Problems in Senior High School
Authors: Prasetyarini Aryati , Hikmat Mauly Halwat , Thoyibi Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the strategies implemented by teachers in facilitating the students to comply with the rules. The study aims at identifying the discipline problems faced by teachers and describing the strategies they employ to cope with the discipline problems. The study employed qualitative approach in which the researchers used questionnaire and interview to collect the data. The participants were high school teachers and students of 10 schools in Central Java, Indonesia from various backgrounds: public, private, Islam-based public, Islam-affiliated private, Islam-based dormitory. The interview script became the primary source for interpreting and analyzing data. The findings revealed that the most common discipline problems faced by the teachers were noisy classroom, wrong/incomplete attributes and unpunctuality. The strategies applied by the teachers to cope with the students were corrective, assertive, and preventive disciplines. The teachers should improve the quality in maintaining the classroom discipline by creating a conducive classroom and involving the students in setting the classroom rules, such as attendance, learning participation, students and teacher actions, and assessment.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Diospyros lotus L. FRUITS GROWN IN TURKEY
Authors: Murathan Zehra Tuğba 
Published: April 2020

The present study aimed to analyze total ascorbic acid content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), phenolic composition, fatty acid profiles, and antioxidant activity of Diospyros lotus L. fruits grown in Turkey. The TAC, TPC and TFC of D. lotus extracts were 13.9, 130.3, and 12.7 mg/100 g, respectively. Phenolic compounds, gallic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid, sinapic acid, naringin, rutin trihydrate, resveratrol, ellagic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and quercetin were identified in persimmon samples. The 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) – ABTS and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of fruit extracts were found to be 556.3 µmol/g, 69.6%, and 52.4%, respectively. Fructose was identified as the major sugar (371.01 mg/g), while sucrose was not detected. A total of 17 different fatty acids were identified. Most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were palmitic acid (19.66%), palmitoleic acid (13.28%), and linoleic (18.04%) and gamma-linolenic (11.66%) acids, respectively.
Experimental central composite design-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for HPLC-DAD determination of diazinon in human urine samples: method development and validation
Authors: Mohammadzaheri Reza , Dogaheh Mehdi Ansari , Kazemipour Maryam , Soltaninejad Kambiz 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Diazinon poisoning is an important issue in occupational, clinical, and forensic toxicology. While sensitive and specific enough to analyse diazinon in biological samples, current methods are time-consuming and too expensive for routine analysis. The aim of this study was therefore to design and validate a simple dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for the preparation of urine samples to be analysed for diazinon with high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) to establish diazinon exposure and poisoning. To do that, we first identified critical parameters (type and volume of extraction and disperser solvents, pH, surfactant, and salt concentrations) in preliminary experiments and then used central composite design to determine the best experimental conditions for DLLME-HPLC-DAD. For DLLME they were 800 µL of methanol (disperser solvent) and 310 µL of toluene (extraction solvent) injected to the urine sample rapidly via a syringe. The sample was injected into a HPLC-DAD (C18 column, 250×4.6 mm, 5 μm), and the mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and buffer (63:37 v/v, pH 3.2; flow rate: 1 mL/ min). Standard calibration curves for diazinon were linear with the concentration range of 0.5–4 µg/mL, yielding a regression equation Y=0.254X+0.006 with a correlation coefficient of 0.993. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for diazinon were 0.15 µg/mL and 0.45 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was accurate, precise, sensitive, and linear over a wide range of diazinon concentrations in urine samples. This method can be employed for diazinon analysis in routine clinical and forensic toxicology settings.