bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of syphilis infection on HIV acquisition: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Meng Yin , Gong Hui Zi , Hu Kui Ru , Zheng He-yi , Wan Xia , Li Jun 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesCo-infection of syphilis and HIV remains hard to manage and its morbidity shows a rising tendency. Syphilis has been associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition in high-risk groups, especially in men who have sex with men (MSM). This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the effect of syphilis infection on subsequent HIV acquisition, and assesses its difference between MSM and other high-risk populations.MethodsFive electronic databases were searched for literature published to 21 September 2019 without language restrictions. Longitudinal studies that enrolled key populations to compare the incidence of HIV with and without syphilis exposure were included. We used a random-effects model to estimate the effect of syphilis infection on HIV acquisition among high-risk populations, which include MSM, sex workers, serodiscordant couples, people who inject drugs and attendees of STD clinics.ResultsA total of 17 cohorts and 5 case-control studies involving 65 232 participants were included. HIV incidence showed a two-time increase after syphilis exposure, compared with a control group (relative risk (RR) 2.67 (95% CI 2.05 to 3.47); p<0.05 for prevalence; RR 3.21 (95% CI 2.26 to 4.57); p=0.419 for incidence). No significant differences were observed between MSM and other high-risk groups in syphilis infection prevalence (RR 2.60 (95% CI 1.78 to 3.80); p<0.05 vs RR, 2.98 (95% CI 2.15 to 4.14); p<0.05; ratio of relative risk 0.76 (95% CI 0.49 to 1.17)).ConclusionsSyphilis infection increases the risk of HIV acquisition in high-risk populations. There is no evidence to suggest MSM are at greater risk than other high-risk populations. Prompt diagnosis, timely treatment, preventive interventions against syphilis infection would be a worthwhile investment for reducing HIV incidence. Strategies to combat stigma and discrimination targeted at MSM are pragmatically needed.
MiNNLO$$_{\text {PS}}$$: optimizing $$2\rightarrow 1$$ hadronic processes
Authors: Monni Pier Francesco , Re Emanuele , Wiesemann Marius 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe consider the MiNNLO$$_\mathrm{PS}$$

PS

method to consistently combine next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD calculations with parton-shower simulations. We identify the main sources of differences between MiNNLO$$_\mathrm{PS}$$

PS

and fixed-order NNLO predictions for inclusive observables due to corrections beyond NNLO accuracy and present simple prescriptions to either reduce or remove them. Refined predictions are presented for Higgs, charged- and neutral-current Drell Yan production. The agreement with fixed-order NNLO calculations is considerably improved for inclusive observables and scale uncertainties are reduced. The codes are released within the POWHEG-BOX.
Skew braces of size p2q II: Non-abelian type
Authors: Acri E. , Bonatto M. 
Published: November 2020

In this paper we enumerate the skew braces of non-abelian type of size [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] primes with [Formula: see text] by the classification of regular subgroups of the holomorph of the non-abelian groups of the same order. Since Crespo dealt with the case [Formula: see text], this paper completes the enumeration of skew braces of size [Formula: see text] started in a previous work by the authors. In some cases, we provide also a structural description of the skew braces. As an application, we prove a conjecture posed by Bardakov et al.
Rotary Compressor Performance at Low Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Lowrey S. , Reboux G. 
Published: November 2020

Small rotary compressors are used in domestic heat pump appliances, for example, in domestic dehumidifiers and heat pump clothes dryers. Compressor performance curves provided by the manufacturer can be based on testing at relatively high ambient temperatures, in some cases as high as 35∘C. This can be much higher compared with the ambient temperature in which the compressor operates when, for example, it is installed in a domestic dehumidifier which can operate in ambient temperatures as low as 10∘C. We have developed a compressor calorimeter to test a small R134a rotary compressor extracted from a commercial domestic dehumidifier and use this to measure compressor performance parameters including the isentropic and volumetric efficiencies and the compressor heat loss fraction. The performance testing has been carried out at ambient temperatures 10∘C, 15∘C, 20∘C and 25∘C for a fixed relative humidity of 70% to compare how the compressor performance varies with the ambient temperature, and to determine how well the compressor performs outside of the performance envelope provided by the manufacturer. The results show that isentropic and volumetric efficiency of these small compressors is relatively insensitive to variation in ambient temperature, even outside of the performance envelope provided by the manufacturer. However, the compressor heat loss fraction can, on average, double from 15% to 30%, between operation at ambient 25∘C and ambient 10∘C. The data obtained in this work is used to construct compressor sub-models for certain ambient temperatures. We show how these sub-models can be used to improve a domestic dehumidifier model for operation at low ambient conditions within the evaporator frosting regime and good agreement is obtained between experimental and simulated data. The authors are not aware of a domestic dehumidifier model designed to work at ambient temperatures within the frosting regime.
A Failed Cardiac Surgery Program in an Underserved Minority Population County Reimagined: The Power of Partnership
Authors: Brown James M. , Hajjar‐Nejad M. J. , Dominique Guerda , Gillespie Malinda , Siddiqi Imran , Romine Heather , Odonkor Patrick , Dawood Murtaza , Gammie James S. 
Published: November 2020

Background
Prince George's County Maryland, historically a medically underserved region, has a population of 909 327 and a high incidence of cardiometabolic syndrome and hypertension. Application of level I evidence practices in such areas requires the availability of highly advanced cardiovascular interventions. Donabedian principles of quality of care were applied to a failing cardiac surgery program. We hypothesized that a multidisciplinary application of this model supported by partnership with a university hospital system could result in improved quality care outcomes.

Methods and Results

A 6‐month assessment and planning process commenced in July 2014. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols were developed before program restart. Staff education and training was conducted via team simulation and rehearsal sessions. A total of 425 patients underwent cardiac surgical procedures. Quality tracking of key performance measures was conducted, and 323 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures were performed from July 2014 to December 2019. Key risk factors in our patient demographic were higher than the Society of Thoracic Surgeons national mean. Risk‐adjusted outcome data yielded a mortality rate of 0.3% versus 2.2% nationally. The overall major complication rate was lower than expected at 7.1% compared with 11.5% nationally. Readmission rate was less than the Society of Thoracic Surgeons mean for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (4.0% versus 10.1%,
P
<0.0001). Significant differences in 6 key performance outcomes were noted, leading to a 3‐star Society of Thoracic Surgeons designation in 7 of 8 tracking periods.

Conclusions
Excellent outcomes in cardiac surgery are attainable following program renovation in an underserved region in the setting of low volume. The principles and processes applied have potential broad application for any quality improvement effort.
Hippocrates and Galen in Turfan
Authors: Lin Lijuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article presents a full edition, with translation and detailed commentary, of SyrHT 1 and SyrHT 388, the only two Syriac medical fragments found in Turfan. Based on a re-examination of the original text, this article shows that the Turfan fragments have parallels in Galen’s De compositione medicamentorum secundum locos and contain elements of Hippocratic recipes as well. This adds further evidence that Syriac Christians had brought Hellenistic medical lore to Turfan at an early date.
The Verb yhb in Aramaic
Authors: Fox Samuel Ethan , Fassberg Steven E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
On the whole, the verb yhb ‘give’ occurs in suppletion with ntn in Pre-Modern Aramaic: the former is found in the perfect, participle, and imperative, and the latter in the imperfect and infinitive. There are exceptions in some corpora. Only yhb, however, has survived into Neo-Aramaic, where it is attested in all varieties of the language. This article traces the use of both roots in the history of Aramaic and focuses on the different Neo-Aramaic reflexes of yhb. An explanation is offered for the development of the various Neo-Aramaic forms.
The Zuqnin Chronicle as Evidence of Vernacular Aramaic in Eighth-Century Northern Mesopotamia
Authors: Furman Julia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article examines a Syriac historiographical writing of the late eighth century—the so-called Zuqnin Chronicle, or the Chronicle of Pseudo-Dionysius of Tell Maḥre—and certain lexical features that are found at the end of the work. It is argued that these lexical items were drawn into the chronicle from a colloquial Aramaic language spoken in the vicinity of Amid, and that this colloquial variant is linked with the Neo-Aramaic language Turoyo. In addition, the article offers a methodology for identifying colloquial Aramaic words in the corpus of Classical Syriac literature.
‘Whoever Is Hungry, Come and Eat’
Authors: Gross Simcha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The provenance of the opening Aramaic portion of the Passover Haggadah has confounded practitioners and scholars for centuries. Little evidence has come to light to explain the origins of this passage or the fluctuations in its attending practices over time. This article argues that additional evidence, found in some neglected Talmudic manuscripts and in incantation bowls, reveals that the core recitational and practical elements of this passage were originally unrelated to Passover or Jewish ritual. Instead, they were part of a recognised social script in late antique Jewish Babylonia that was integrated into the Passover Haggadah. With changes in Babylonian Jewish society, and with the transmission of this section and its associated practices to Jewish communities outside of Babylonia, the original social and cultural context of this sentence was forgotten. Untethered from the setting in which it was culturally legible, it developed through encounters with new actors in different contexts.
Populism in Estonia and Slovakia: Performances, Transgressions, and Communicative Styles
Authors: Kazharski Aliaksei , Makarychev Andrey 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper relies on empirical evidence from Estonia and Slovakia to develop an understanding of populism as a performative and transgressive political style. We argue that populism cannot be defined in ideological terms nor can it be attached to particular political subjects. Instead, it is a political style that can be adopted and mimicked by various subjects from extreme right to social liberal. The performativity of populism presupposes forms of transgression that disrupt the normalcy of political routine. Populist performances thus seek and construct an authenticity by taking politics outside of its conventional institutional frameworks. We examine the cases of EKRE in Estonia and ĽSNS and OĽaNO in Slovakia.
Women, wellbeing and the city: A model of participatory health research exploring physical activity in Black, Asian and minority ethnic communities
Authors: Peerbhoy Denise , Minou Masoumeh , Stratton Gareth 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of this project was to document a partnership working process from a cross-sectoral and cross-cultural participatory health research study focused on promoting physical activity among women from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) backgrounds. Design: A participatory health research paradigm was used to support this pilot feasibility study into partnership working for health promotion. Action research and community development principles underpinned the design, delivery and interpretation of findings from a community-based survey, data from four focus groups and bespoke interventions. Setting: Community groups from education, leisure, health and religious community sectors, and charity sectors, in the City of Liverpool, met in different venues representing those sectors. Method: Reflection on the process of community engagement in a research study guided by socio-ecological model, community development and action research principles. Results: Seven emerging collaborative processes based on effective partnership working, capacity-building practice and sustaining health and wellbeing evolved from a partnership between a Community Researchers Advisory Group and a Partners Advisory Group. BAME ‘community connectors’ were key to obtaining feedback from 213 women from 16 ethnic groups, which influenced the development of bespoke interventions and local sport and physical activity long-term policy, as one means of reducing social inequalities for women from BAME backgrounds. Conclusion: This feasibility study demonstrates the effectiveness and limitations of partnership working as a public health tool. The local Sport and Physical Activity Alliance and council department worked together to promote the sustainability of BAME-focused programmes as part of their governance and policy frameworks.
Vestibular Function in Psoriasis Patients
Authors: Kınar Abdullah , Bucak Abdulkadir , Ulu Şahin , Duman Nilay , Baştuğ Nur Betül 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by T-cell-mediated hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes. It develops through immune-mediated mechanisms and is defined as an immune-mediated inflammatory disease. The inner ear is susceptible to inflammatory attacks, and vertigo and dizziness can occur as a complication. There is little information about psoriasis and the vestibular system. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) results of psoriasis patients and the effect of psoriasis on the vestibular system. Materials and Methods: Randomly selected and included in the study were patients who had been admitted to the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the Afyon Kocatepe University Medical Faculty, between November 15, 2017, and March 15, 2018, with the diagnosis of psoriasis, in addition to a healthy control group. This research was designed as cross-sectional study. Ethics committee permission was received. Both cVEMP and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests were administered to all of the participants. Values were compared between the control group and psoriasis patients. Results: The study included 43 psoriasis patients and 40 controls. The duration of treatment of the patients and the drugs that they were using were noted. The psoriasis patients had lower p13–n23 amplitude differences in their cVEMP tests ( P < .05). These patients also had lower signal to noise ratio values, at 4 and 6 kHz, on their DPOAE tests ( P < .05). Conclusion: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that can be associated with vestibulocochlear dysfunction.
Barriers to the Implementation of the Ward-Based Outreach Team Program in Mpumalanga Province: Results From Process Evaluation
Authors: Nelson Cheryl , Madiba Sphiwe 
Published: November 2020

Background: South Africa adopted the ward-based outreach team (WBOT) program as one aspect of the three-stream approach to primary health care (PHC) re-engineering. PHC re-engineering seeks to modify the hospicentric and curative approach into a more preventive and promotive approach to improve health outcomes. There has not been an evaluation of the implementation of the WBOTs in Nkangala District since its inception in 2012. Methods: A process evaluation approach using qualitative methods was used to examine and describe the contextual, organizational, health provider, and program-related barriers considered to affect the implementation of the WBOTs 3 sub-districts in one of the health districts in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The framework for this evaluation was informed by the logic model framework developed by the Center for Disease Control as well as the 3 domains of evaluation recommended by the Medical Research Council Guidance on process evaluation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with multiple data sources directly involved in the implementation of the WBOTs. A thematic analysis was done using NVivo 11. Results: The key critical barriers identified by the evaluation include the inadequate provision of resources, the lack of supervision, the heavy workload for outreach teams, the inadequate and irregular payment of stipends, threats to the safety of the CHWs, and the cultural beliefs and practices of the communities who are to receive the services. The lack of adequate financial resources was the main challenge, and will continue to pose a risk to the successful implementation of the WBOTs. Conclusions: Although the barriers are being reported as separate contextual factors, the internal and external contexts are interdependent, interact with one each other, and should not be considered in isolation. The need to improve stakeholder engagement on the WBOT program underscores the importance of the external context in the successful implementation of WBOTs.
Effect of Workload After ACL Reconstruction on Rerupture Rates in NBA Players
Authors: Khalil Lafi S. , Matar Robert N. , Rahman Tahsin , Franovic Sreten , Abbas Muhammad J. , Hessburg Luke , Mehran Nima , Okoroha Kelechi R. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common and potentially career-altering injury sustained by players in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Strategies have been employed by the league to prevent reinjury of players after ACL reconstruction (ACLR), including minute restrictions and rest games; however, it remains unknown whether workload metrics after ACLR influence the risk for reinjury and revision surgery. Purpose: To evaluate whether workload changes after return to play (RTP) from primary ACLR influences the risk of rerupture in NBA players. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We identified NBA players from 1975 to 2018 who underwent primary ACLR as well as those who required revision ACLR. Primary outcomes included workload measures such as games played, games started, and minutes per game. Secondary outcomes included in-game performance statistics. Statistical analysis was used to compare relative workload and performance 3 years before and 3 years after undergoing primary ACLR. Workload was also compared between the control group of NBA players who underwent primary ACLR and those who required revision ACLR. Results: A total of 68 players who underwent primary ACLR were included, 8 of whom subsequently required revision ACLR. In their first season upon RTP, control players (primary ACLR) demonstrated a significant reduction in all workload metrics relative to the season before injury ( P < .001), while the revision group demonstrated an unchanged to increased workload. In a comparison between the primary and revision groups during the first season after RTP, the primary group demonstrated significantly fewer games started (mean ± SD, 22.2 ± 3.0 vs 35.8 ± 8.3; P = .039) and minutes per game (20.5 ± 1.1 vs 27.0 ± 3.1; P = .048) than revision players. The primary ACLR group demonstrated reduced cumulative workload trends for the first 3 years after RTP relative to 3 years before injury, which was not demonstrated in the revision ACLR group, albeit statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Our study found that after ACLR, a reduction in workload parameters relative to preinjury baseline was associated with players who did not sustain rerupture. Further study is required to determine if workload measures following RTP from primary ACLR should be individualized relative to preinjury baseline.
Analysis of Shortening and Elevation of the First Ray With Instrumented Triplane First Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis
Authors: Hatch Daniel J. , Dayton Paul , DeCarbo William , McAleer Jody P. , Ray Justin J. , Santrock Robert D. , Smith W. Bret 
Published: November 2020

Background: The Lapidus procedure using planar saw resection has often been criticized for complications related to excessive shortening and elevation of the first ray. The goal of this study was to assess the amount of shortening that occurs when using a cutting guide for controlled saw resection of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint surfaces, along with assessment of deformity correction in all 3 anatomic planes. Methods: A prospective multicenter study with IRB approval included 35 hallux valgus subjects evaluated at baseline and 6 months following instrumented triplane first TMT arthrodesis without lesser metatarsal osteotomies. Results: The average first ray bone segment length loss was 3.1 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4-3.7) in the anteroposterior (AP) radiographic assessment and 2.4 mm (95% CI 1.7-3.1) in the sagittal plane. The mean preoperative radiographic measurements were 1.7 degrees (dorsiflexion) for sagittal plane angle, 13.8 degrees for intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and 5.1 for tibial sesamoid position (TSP). Improvements were seen postoperatively for all measures with a mean difference of –0.2 degrees (95% CI –1.0 to 0.6) for sagittal plane angle, –9.2 degrees (95% CI –10.1 to –8.3 degrees) for IMA, and –3.5 (95% CI –4.0 to –3.1) for TSP. Five of the patients reported lesser metatarsal pain preoperatively, and no patients complained of lesser metatarsalgia at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Minimal length loss of the first ray can be expected following instrumented triplane TMT arthrodesis while achieving full 3-dimensional deformity correction and reducing the risk of lesser metatarsalgia. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.
Analysis of multidimensional factors in attempts to quit using tobacco by Korean adolescents
Authors: Kang Mi-Jung , Lee Hyunjin , Jo Mirae 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to understand the extent of adolescents’ attempts to quit using tobacco and the factors influencing such attempts in Korea, using a descriptive, cross-sectional design and secondary data analysis with the 2019 Youth Health Behavior Survey.MethodsThe participants were 4028 adolescent tobacco users who had used tobacco for 1 day or more in the past 30 days. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS/WIN 26.0 program, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted using the complex sampling method module.ResultsA total of 68.2% of the participants attempted to quit using tobacco. We analyzed the factors for adolescents’ attempts to quit using tobacco by dividing them into psychological, physical, behavioral, and environmental dimensions. The factors influencing adolescents’ attempts to quit using tobacco, identified through multivariable logistic regression analysis, are as follows: participation in sports activities (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.41), vigorous physical activity (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.06–1.46), and type of tobacco product used (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.24–2.21) in the behavioral dimension; pictorial cigarette pack warnings (perceived smoking as unhealthy) (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.56–2.36), and the presence of secondhand smoking at home (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.38) in the environmental dimension.ConclusionsSchools and public healthcare providers must consider multidimensional factors when providing support for successful tobacco cessation in adolescents and focus particularly on elements relating to physical activity and environmental factors.