bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperglycemia-induced seizures - Understanding the clinico- radiological association
Authors: Hiremath Shivaprakash B , Gautam Amol A , George Prince J , Thomas Agnes , Thomas Reji , Benjamin Geena 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To highlight the typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in hyperglycemia-induced seizures and compare the results with similar previous studies with a brief mention of pathophysiological mechanisms. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included medical and imaging records of six consecutive patients with hyperglycemia-induced seizures. The data analysis included a clinical presentation and biochemical parameters at admission. The MRI sequences were evaluated for region involved, presence of subcortical T2 hypo-intensity, cortical hyper-intensity, and restricted diffusion. Similar previous studies from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) were analyzed and compared with our study. Results: Twenty-four patients were included from four studies in previous literature for comparison. In our study, on imaging, posterior cerebral region was predominantly involved, with parietal involvement in 83.3%, followed by occipital, frontal, and temporal involvement in 33.3% patients compared with occipital in 58.3%, parietal in 45.8%, and frontal and temporal in 16.6% of patients in previous literature. The subcortical T2 hypo-intensity was present in 83.3% of the patients, cortical hyper-intensity in all patients, and restricted diffusion in 66.6% of the patients in our study compared with subcortical T2 hypo-intensity in 95.8% of the patients, cortical hyper-intensity in 62.5%, and restricted diffusion in 58.3% of the patients in previous literature. Conclusion: Although many etiologies present with subcortical T2 hypointensity, cortical hyperintensity, restricted diffusion, and postcontrast enhancement on MRI, the clinical setting of seizures in a patient with uncontrolled hyperglycemia, hyperosmolar state, and absence of ketones should suggest hyperglycemia-induced seizures to avoid misdiagnosis, unnecessary invasive investigations, and initiate timely management. Advances in Knowledge: Our study highlights the presence of posterior predominant subcortical T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and susceptibility-weighted angiography (SWAN) hypointensity; cortical hyperintensity; and restricted diffusion in hyperglycemia-induced seizures. The presence of T2 and SWAN hypointensity could support the hypothesis of possible deposition of free radicals and iron in the subcortical white matter.
Imaging in a rare case of intramuscular angioleiomyoma around the knee joint
Authors: Maurya Vinay , Ravikumar R , Sarkar Krishnendu , Ranjan Richa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAngioleiomyoma are rare benign tumors originating from smooth muscles of veins. They are found more commonly in extremities and are seen in subcutaneous tissue. Intramuscular angioleiomyoma is rare and can be confused with hemangioma. Though they do not have any characteristic imaging features but they should be considered in the differential diagnosis due to certain specific imaging findings on MRI which are discussed in this article.
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration: A case report
Authors: Özdemir Meltem , Turan Aynur , Kavak Rasime Pelin , Dilli Alper 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare occurrence in which different pathological processes including enlargement and vacuolation of the neurons, demyelination of the white matter, and fibrillary gliosis of the inferior olivary nucleus take place. It mostly develops secondary to a destructive lesion involving the Guillain–Mollaret pathway. The mostly reported destructive lesions causing hypertrophic olivary degeneration are stroke, trauma, tumors, neurosurgical interventions, and gamma knife treatment of brainstem cavernoma. It presents with symptomatic palatal tremor, and typically appears as an expansive nonenhancing nodular lesion that shows increased signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The identification of hypertrophic olivary degeneration on MRI is of great importance as its MRI appearance is very similar to those of more severe pathologies, including tumors, infarction, demyelinating lesions, and infections. We present a case of hypertrophic olivary degeneration in a patient with a history of ischemic stroke two years before the development of palatal tremor.
Single-port laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis during pregnancy
Authors: Cho In Soo , Bae Sung Uk , Jeong Woon Kyung , Baek Seong Kyu 
Published: January 2020

Aim of Study:
Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetric surgical problem in pregnant patients. As minimally invasive surgery has developed, minimising surgical trauma and improving cosmetic outcomes have led to the development of single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS). The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of SPLS for acute appendicitis during pregnancy.

Patients and Methods:
Between September 2014 and May 2016, 12 pregnant patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis and having single-port laparoscopic appendectomy were included in the study.

Results:
The median gestational age at surgery was 16 weeks (6–30 weeks). All operations were completed safely and without vascular or visceral injury. Four patients (33.3%) required conversion to a reduced-port laparoscopic surgery with 3 patients (25%) having a 5 mm port inserted because of perforated appendicitis with drain placement, and 1 patient (8.3%) having a 2-mm needle instrument insertion. Median operation time was 60 min (32–100 min), and a drainage tube was placed in 5 patients (41.7%). Median total length of incision was 2 cm (1.2–2.5 cm). The median time to soft diet initiation and length of stay in the hospital were 1 day (0–9 days) and 5 days (2–11 days), respectively. Two patients (8.0%) developed post-operative complications: One wound site bleeding and two surgical site infections. One case of abortion (8.3%) was noted on the post-operative day 1 and one case of imperforate hymen was noted after delivery.

Conclusions:
SPLS appendectomy is feasible and safe for treating patients with acute appendicitis during pregnancy.
Significant spatial patterns from the GCM seasonal forecasts of global precipitation
Authors: Zhao Tongtiegang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yongyong , Liu Zhiyong , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Fully coupled global climate models (GCMs) generate a vast amount of high-dimensional forecast data of the global climate; therefore, interpreting and understanding the predictive performance is a critical issue in applying GCM forecasts. Spatial plotting is a powerful tool to identify where forecasts perform well and where forecasts are not satisfactory. Here we build upon the spatial plotting of anomaly correlation between forecast ensemble mean and observations to derive significant spatial patterns to illustrate the predictive performance. For the anomaly correlation derived from the 10 sets of forecasts archived in the North America Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) experiment, the global and local Moran's I are calculated to associate anomaly correlations at neighbouring grid cells with one another. The global Moran's I associates anomaly correlation at the global scale and indicates that anomaly correlation at one grid cell relates significantly and positively to anomaly correlation at surrounding grid cells. The local Moran's I links anomaly correlation at one grid cell with its spatial lag and reveals clusters of grid cells with high, neutral, and low anomaly correlation. Overall, the forecasts produced by GCMs of similar settings and at the same climate centre exhibit similar clustering of anomaly correlation. In the meantime, the forecasts in NMME show complementary performances. About 80 % of grid cells across the globe fall into the cluster of high anomaly correlation under at least 1 of the 10 sets of forecasts. While anomaly correlation exhibits substantial spatial variability, the clustering approach serves as a filter of noise to identify spatial patterns and yields insights into the predictive performance of GCM seasonal forecasts of global precipitation.
Cluster wakes impact on a far-distant offshore wind farm's power
Authors: Schneemann Jörge , Rott Andreas , Dörenkämper Martin , Steinfeld Gerald , Kühn Martin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Our aim with this paper was the analysis of the influence of offshore cluster wakes on the power of a far-distant wind farm. We measured cluster wakes with long-range Doppler light detection and ranging (lidar) and satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in different atmospheric stabilities and analysed their impact on the 400 MW offshore wind farm Global Tech I in the German North Sea using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) power data. Our results showed clear wind speed deficits that can be related to the wakes of wind farm clusters up to 55 km upstream in stable and weakly unstable stratified boundary layers resulting in a clear reduction in power production. We discussed the influence of cluster wakes on the power production of a far-distant wind farm, cluster wake characteristics and methods for cluster wake monitoring. In conclusion, we proved the existence of wake shadowing effects with resulting power losses up to 55 km downstream and encouraged further investigations on far-reaching wake shadowing effects for optimized areal planning and reduced uncertainties in offshore wind power resource assessment.
Onafhankelijk onderzoek in het publiek belang
Authors: van Asselt Marjolein , Slob Marjan , Baart Marjolein , Ipenburg Dirk , van het Loo Mirjam 
Published: January 2020

Independent research in the public interest
The Dutch Safety Board is authorised to conduct safety investigations in nearly every area and sector. The Board is independent and aims to contribute to learning from incidents, accidents and disasters. In the essay, the authors reflect on what it means to conduct independent investigation in the public interest. They define independent investigation as a relational enterprise that requires reflexive investigators but also elementary and advanced safeguards in position, judgement and presentation.
Leren van de WODC-casus
Authors: Bokhorst Meike 
Published: January 2020

Learn from the WODC case. Formal and professional guarantees for independent research require maintenance
In the relationship between the Ministry of Justice and Security and the Scientific Research and Documentation Center, safeguards to prevent improper influence of research were lacking. In the opinion of the WODC II investigation committee, civil servants were too close to the substantive execution of the investigation, as a result of which the WODC was given too little room for critical investigation. For other ministries and knowledge institutions the question is relevant as to what safeguards are needed for conducting independent research. Rules and procedures are not sufficient for creating and maintaining responsible research practices. It is also important that employees learn to recognize difficult situations, can discuss these with their colleagues, and know how to deal with dilemmas. Other organizations can learn from the WODC issue that they must maintain and recalibrate the formal and professional safeguards for the independence of scientific research. Trust in science stands or falls with independence and soundness in word and deed.
Drugssmokkelaars en de deur in de haven
Authors: van Gestel Barbra 
Published: January 2020

Book review: Drug smugglers and the door in the port
In this article, a recently published Dutch book on corruption in the port of Rotterdam is reviewed. De Schiedamse cocaïnemaffia. Een corrupte douanier, doorgewinterde criminelen en duizenden kilo’s coke was written by journalist Jan Meeus from NRC Handelsblad. The book can be seen as a case study of a customs officer – Gerrit – who fell for the big money. It gives a good insight into the connection between the legal and the illegal world and how this is experienced by those involved. The information in the book is based on seven large criminal files and dozens of conversations with people mentioned in those files. Meeus also attended the criminal proceedings intensively. It is now known that the film rights of the book have been sold and that Meeus will be writing the screenplay for the feature film together with director Jean van der Velde.
Länderbericht Frankreich
Authors: Crocq B. 
Published: January 2020

Länderbericht Frankreich
Das Erbrecht ist im 3. Buch des französischen Zivilgesetzbuch – Code civil – geregelt (Art. 720 ff.). Seit des Inkrafttretens des Code civil im Jahre 1804 wurde das Erbrecht in seinen Grundsätzen wenig geändert. Zu erwähnen sind jedoch zwei Gesetze vom 3. Dezember 2001 und vom 23. Juni 2006. Der überlebende Ehegatte ist sowohl kraft des Güterstandes als auch kraft des Erbrechts am Vermögen des Erblassers beteiligt. Seine Stellung kann auch durch einen Ehevertrag, ein Testament oder eine vertragliche Erbeinsetzung verbessert werden. Die Möglichkeit den Ehegatten zu bevorzugen wird aber vom Pflichtteil der Abkömmlinge beschränkt.
Is het mogelijk om alle woningeigenaren verplicht van het aardgas af te schakelen?
Authors: Jager R.A. (Rieneke) 
Published: January 2020

Is het mogelijk om alle woningeigenaren verplicht van het aardgas af te schakelen?
Alle circa 7 miljoen woningen in Nederland moeten in 2050 aardgasvrij zijn. De verantwoordelijkheid hiervoor ligt bij de gemeente. Onduidelijk is echter of, en zo ja hoe, de gemeente woningeigenaren met het (toekomstig) publiekrechtelijk instrumentarium tot afschakeling van het aardgas kan verplichten. In deze bijdrage wordt deze vraag beantwoord. Waar de gemeente nu nog geen verplichting tot het afschakelen kan opleggen, is dit na de inwerkingtreding van de Omgevingswet naar verwachting wel het geval. Het opleggen van de verplichting moet voldoen aan de algemene beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur en blijft binnen de grenzen van het eigendomsrecht.
El ideal militar hispánico: una propuesta sobre transferencias socioculturales y literarias de la Castilla medieval a la conquista española de América
Authors: MUÑOZ GÓMEZ Víctor 
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se estudiarán las características del mando militar desempeñado por los reyes de Castilla durante la Baja Edad Media en relación con su ejercicio en las campañas contra los musulmanes especialmente entre el reinado de Alfonso XI y la conquista de Granada por los Reyes Católicos. Estas cualidades se hallaron fuertemente vinculadas a un discurso legitimador de la monarquía en torno a los principios de la “recuperación de España”, la Cruzada y la Caballería. A partir de su análisis en los textos cronísticos de los siglos XIV y XV, se propone la hipótesis de que ese modelo medieval de liderazgo militar monárquico, ligado al citado marco ideológico, pudo ser recogido en los relatos de las crónicas de Indias y, paralelamente, integrado por los capitanes de la conquista de América.
This paper aims to study the features of the military command that was exerted by the kings of Castile in Late Middle Ages with respect to its performance during the campaigns against the Muslims, particularly from the reign of king Alfonso XI to the conquest of Granada by the Catholic Kings. These military traits were strongly associated to the notions of ‘the recovery of Spain’ (restauratio Hispaniae, ‘Reconquista’), Crusade and Chivalry. From its analysis through 14th-15th centuries chronistical texts, we propose the hypothesis that this medieval model of monarchical military leadership, linked to the aforementioned ideological framework, could have been reflected in the narrative of the ‘Crónicas de Indias’ and concurrently assumed by the Spanish captains of the Conquest of America.
The use of 0.5rcav as an effective point of measurement for cylindrical chambers may result in a systematic shift of electron percentage depth doses
Authors: Anusionwu Princess C. , Alpuche Aviles Jorge E. , Pistorius Stephen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectron dosimetry can be performed using cylindrical chambers, plane‐parallel chambers, and diode detectors. The finite volume of these detectors results in a displacement effect which is taken into account using an effective point of measurement (EPOM). Dosimetry protocols have recommended a shift of 0.5 rcav for cylindrical chambers; however, various studies have shown that the optimal shift may deviate from this recommended value. This study investigated the effect that the selection of EPOM shift for cylindrical chamber has on percentage depth dose (PDD) curves. Depth dose curves were measured in a water phantom for electron beams with energies ranging from 6 to 18 MeV. The detectors investigated were of three different types: diodes (Diode‐E PTW 60017 and SFD IBA), cylindrical (Semiflex PTW 31010, PinPoint PTW 31015, and A12 Exradin), and parallel plate ionization chambers (Advanced Markus PTW 34045 and Markus PTW 23343). Depth dose curves measured with Diode‐E and Advanced Markus agreed within 0.2 mm at R50 except for 18 MeV and extremely large field size. The PDDs measured with the Semiflex chamber and Exradin A12 were about 1.1 mm (with respect to the Advanced Markus chamber) shallower than those measured with the other detectors using a 0.5 rcav shift. The difference between the PDDs decreased when a Pinpoint chamber, with a smaller cavity radius, was used. Agreement improved at lower energies, with the use of previously published EPOM corrections (0.3 rcav). Therefore, the use of 0.5 rcav as an EPOM may result in a systematic shift of the therapeutic portion of the PDD (distances < R90). Our results suggest that a 0.1 rcav shift is more appropriate for one chamber model (Semiflex PTW 31010).
Mechanistic Study on High Efficiency Deep Blue AIE‐Based Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Magneto‐Electroluminescence
Authors: Guo Xiaomin , Yuan Peisen , Qiao Xianfeng , Yang Dezhi , Dai Yanfeng , Sun Qian , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong , Ma Dongge 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials are highly attractive because of their excellent properties of high efficiency emission in nondoped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Therefore, a deep understanding of the working mechanisms, further improving the electroluminescence (EL) efficiency of the resulting AIE‐based OLEDs, is necessary. Herein, the conversion process from higher energy triplet state (T2) to the lowest singlet state (SS1) is found in OLEDs based on a blue AIE material, 4′‐(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)‐5′‐phenyl‐[1,1′:2′,1′′‐terphenyl]‐4‐carbonitrile (TPB‐AC), obviously relating to the device efficiency, by magneto‐EL (MEL) measurements. A special line shape with rise at low field and reduction at high field is observed. The phenomenon is further clarified by theoretical calculations, temperature‐dependent MELs, and transient photoluminescence emission properties. On the basis of the T2‐S1 conversion process, the EL performances of the blue OLEDs based on TPB‐AC are further enhanced by introducing a phosphorescence doping emitter in the emitting layer, which effectively regulates the excitons on TPB‐AC molecules. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) reaches 7.93% and the EQE keeps 7.57% at the luminance of 1000 cd m−2. This work establishes a physical insight for designing high‐performance AIE materials and devices in the future.
Hierarchical 3D Patterns with Dynamic Wrinkles Produced by a Photocontrolled Diels–Alder Reaction on the Surface
Authors: Li Tiantian , Hu Kaiming , Ma Xiaodong , Zhang Wenming , Yin Jie , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) reconfigurable patterns with dynamic morphologies enable the on‐demand control of surface properties, such as optical, wetting, and adhesive properties, to achieve smart surfaces. Here, a simple yet general strategy is developed for fabricating 3D patterns with reversible wrinkles on the surface, in which a Diels–Alder (D‐A) reaction in the top layer, which consists of a reversible cross‐linked polymer network composed of a furan‐containing copolymer (PSFB) and bismaleimide (BMI), can be spatially controlled by the photodimerization of BMI. When a photomask is used during irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light, selective photodimerization of the maleimide leads to the diffusion of maleimide from the unexposed region to the exposed region, resulting in the generation of a diffused relief pattern. By controlling the reversible D‐A reaction at different temperatures, orthogonal wrinkles can be sequentially and reversibly generated or erased in both the exposed and unexposed regions on the surface. Theoretical modeling with boundary effects reveals that the orientation of the wrinkle in the exposed region is perpendicular to the boundary, whereas the wrinkle in the unexposed region is parallel to the boundary. This strategy, based on a photocontrolled D‐A reaction, provides an important and robust alternative for fabricating 3D patterned surfaces with dynamic topographies.
Synthesis of 1‐hexene/1,7‐octadiene copolymers using coordination polymerization and postfunctionalization with triethoxysilane
Authors: Kateb Mina , Karimi Majid , Nejabat Gholam‐Reza , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Ahmadjo Saeid 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTHomo‐ and copolymerization of 1‐hexene (H) and 1,7‐octadiene (O) were done using two different catalysts 1,4‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)acenaphthenediiminedibromo nickel (II) andrac‐ethylenebis(indenyl)zirconium dichloride [rac‐Et(Ind)2ZrCl2]. The metallocene catalyst showed higher activity than the nickelα‐diimine catalyst in homo‐ and copolymerization. The1H NMR studies confirmed the formation of copolymers containing 8–47% of 1,7‐octadiene. In the copolymerization of hexene and diene, as the amount of incorporated diene in the copolymers increased, theirTgincreased. TGA results showed that thermal stability of the polymer increases with the increase of 1‐hexene incorporation in the polymer chain. Finally 1‐hexene/1,7‐octadiene copolymers were functionalized by triethoxysilane in the presence of hexachloroplatinic acid. The1H NMR spectrum of the functionalized samples showed that the double bonds in the copolymer structure were completely eliminated. The DSC analysis showed higherTgs for the functionalized copolymer. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48934.
Organophotocatalytic N‐Demethylation of Oxycodone Using Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Chen Yuesu , Glotz Gabriel , Cantillo David , Kappe C. Oliver 
Published: January 2020

AbstractN‐Demethylation of oxycodone is one of the key steps in the synthesis of important opioid antagonists like naloxone or analgesics like nalbuphine. The reaction is typically carried out using stoichiometric amounts of toxic and corrosive reagents. Herein, we present a green and scalable organophotocatalytic procedure that accomplishes the N‐demethylation step using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant and an organic dye (rose bengal) as an effective photocatalyst. Optimization of the reaction conditions under continuous flow conditions using visible‐light irradiation led to an efficient, reliable, and scalable process, producing noroxycodone hydrochloride in high isolated yield and purity after a simple workup.