bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniature Fiber-Optic Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Ampere Force and Fiber Laser
Authors: Cheng Weiren , Luo Tianming , Cheng Linghao , Liang Hao , Guan Bai-ou 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA compact fiber-optic magnetic field sensor is proposed by packaging an orthogonal dual-frequency fiber grating laser and a copper wire with alternating electrical current together inside epoxy resin. The alternating current generates Ampere force in a magnetic field, which changes the birefringence of the fiber laser and hence tunes the frequency of the beat signal after photodetection. The magnetic field magnitude can then be detected by measuring the frequency change of the beat signal. The sensitivity of the sensor can be tuned with a maximum response of 35.21 kHz/kGs demonstrated. Moreover, the sensor shows good immunity to environment interference.
The Emergence of Educational Hypogamy in India
Authors: Lin Zhiyong , Desai Sonalde , Chen Feinian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With rising education among women across the world, educational hypergamy (women marrying men with higher education) has decreased over the last few decades in both developed and developing countries. Although a decrease in hypergamy is often accompanied by increasing homogamy (women marrying men with equal levels of education), our analyses for India based on a nationally representative survey of India (the India Human Development Survey), document a considerable rise in hypogamy (women marrying partners with lower education) during the past four decades. Log-linear analyses further reveal that declining hypergamy is largely generated by the rise in education levels, whereas hypogamous marriages continue to increase even after marginal distributions are taken into account. Further multivariate analyses show that highly educated women tend to marry men with lower education but from more privileged families. Moreover, consanguineous marriages, which exemplify strong cultural constraints on spousal selection in certain parts of India, are more likely to be hypogamous than marriages not related by blood. We argue that the rise in hypogamous marriage by education paradoxically reflects deep-rooted gender scripts in India given that other salient social boundaries are much more difficult to cross.
Assessing falls risk and associated factors among urban community dwellers older adults in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia 2019: A cross sectional study
Authors: Bekele Gezahegn Tekletsadik , Allene Mengesha Dessie , Getnet Moges Gashaw , Hunegnaw Melkamu Tamir , Janakiraman Balamurugan 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Falls are the major public health problems among older adults of age 65 years and older. The risk of falling in the elderly is a combined result of multiple factors that can be from intrinsic or extrinsic in its origin. In Ethiopia, there is no study done to assess the falls risk status among older adults.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of falls risk and its associated factors in urban community dwellers older adults.

Methods:
A community based cross sectional study was conducted from April 22 to May 22, 2019. A multistage stratified systematic random sampling was used to select 607 community older adults using a pre validated questionnaire. Falls risk among older adults was assessed by Timed Up and Go Test. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with falls. Variables with a p-value less than 0.2 in the bivariable analyses were fitted with the multivariable analysis.

Results:
A total of 607 urban community dwellers older adults were participated in this study. The overall magnitude of falls risk among urban community dwellers older adults was 38.2% (95% CI 34.3–42.3). Female participants were more likely to have falls risk (AOR = 8.2, 95%CI 4.2, 16.1). Foot problem and lower extremity were increased the risk of falling by (AOR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.4–4.3) and (AOR = 28.4, 95%CI15.22–52.95) respectively. Using diabetic control drug was found a protective factor of falls risk. Depressive symptoms were found increased the chance of falling in older adults (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.01–3.24). Older adults with a habit of using assistive device increased the risk of falling by 2.56 (AOR = 2.56, 95%CI 1.3–5.2).

Conclusions and recommendation:
The overall incidence of failing risk among urban community dwellers older adults aged 60 years and older is higher compared with most studies conducted in the world. Older age 60 years and older, being female, medical comorbidity with foot problem and lower extremity weakness, using diabetic controlling drug, depression and using assistive device were identified as risk factors for falling.

Highlights:
Naltrexone in Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder: A Feasibility Study of Twenty Men
Authors: Savard Josephine , Öberg Katarina Görts , Chatzittofis Andreas , Dhejne Cecilia , Arver Stefan , Jokinen Jussi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is a common disorder affecting different areas of life, although studies focusing on pharmacological treatment are sparse.

Aim
To investigate whether the opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone is feasible and tolerable and can provide symptom reduction in CSBD.

Methods
Twenty men aged 27–60 years (mean = 38.8 years, standard deviation = 10.3) with CSBD seeking treatment in an outpatient nonforensic clinic received four weeks of naltrexone 25–50 mg. Measurements were made before, during, and four weeks after treatment.

Outcomes
The self-assessment Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale (HD: CAS) score was the primary outcome measure, and secondary outcomes were the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI) score, reported adverse effects, adherence to treatment, and dropouts.

Results
There was significant decrease on both HD: CAS and HBI scores during treatment with naltrexone. Even though some of the effects remained after treatment, the increased scores on HD: CAS indicated worsening of CSBD symptoms. The most reported side effects were fatigue (55%), nausea (30%), vertigo (30%), and abdominal pain (30%). However, there were no serious adverse effects leading to discontinuation of naltrexone.

Clinical Implications
Despite side effects being common, naltrexone seems to be feasible in the treatment of CSBD.

Strengths & Limitations
Being the first nonforensic prospective trial on naltrexone in CSBD, this study provides novel insights on a pharmacological intervention. However, owing to the small sample size and the lack of a control group, conclusions of effectiveness should be interpreted with caution.

Conclusion
Naltrexone is feasible and tolerable and may reduce symptoms of CSBD; nevertheless, future studies should ensure a randomized controlled procedure to evaluate possible effectiveness.
GÖDEL’S SECOND INCOMPLETENESS THEOREM: HOW IT IS DERIVED AND WHAT IT DELIVERS
Authors: SALEHI SAEED 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe proofs of Gödel (1931), Rosser (1936), Kleene (first 1936 and second 1950), Chaitin (1970), and Boolos (1989) for the first incompleteness theorem are compared with each other, especially from the viewpoint of the second incompleteness theorem. It is shown that Gödel’s (first incompleteness theorem) and Kleene’s first theorems are equivalent with the second incompleteness theorem, Rosser’s and Kleene’s second theorems do deliver the second incompleteness theorem, and Boolos’ theorem is derived from the second incompleteness theorem in the standard way. It is also shown that none of Rosser’s, Kleene’s second, or Boolos’ theorems is equivalent with the second incompleteness theorem, and Chaitin’s incompleteness theorem neither delivers nor is derived from the second incompleteness theorem. We compare (the strength of) these six proofs with one another.
WEYL REEXAMINED: “DAS KONTINUUM” 100 YEARS LATER
Authors: AVRON ARNON 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHermann Weyl was one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century, with contributions to many branches of mathematics and physics. In 1918, he wrote a famous book, “Das Kontinuum”, on the foundations of mathematics. In that book, he described mathematical analysis as a ‘house built on sand’, and tried to ‘replace this shifting foundation with pillars of enduring strength’.In this paper, we reexamine and explain the philosophical and mathematical ideas that underly Weyl’s system in “Das Kontinuum”, and show that they are still useful and relevant. We propose a precise formalization of that system, which is the first to be completely faithful to what is written in the book. Finally, we suggest that a certain set-theoretical modern system reflects better Weyl’s ideas than previous attempts (most notably by Feferman) of achieving this goal.
Pinus cembra L. tree-ring data as a proxy for summer mass-balance variability of the Careser Glacier (Italian Rhaetian Alps)
Authors: Cerrato Riccardo , Salvatore Maria Cristina , Gunnarson Björn E. , Linderholm Hans W. , Carturan Luca , Brunetti Michele , Baroni Carlo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGlacial extent and mass balance are sensitive climate proxies providing solid information on past climatic conditions. However, series of annual mass-balance measurements of more than 60 years are scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first time the latewood density data (MXD) of the Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) have been used to reconstruct the summer mass balance (Bs) of an Alpine glacier. The MXD-based Bs well correlates with a Bs reconstruction based on the May to September temperature. Winter precipitation has been used as an independent proxy to infer the winter mass balance and to obtain an annual mass-balance (Bn) estimate dating back to the glaciological year 1811/12. The reconstructed MXD/precipitation-based Bn well correlates with the data both of the Careser and of other Alpine glaciers measured by the glaciological method. A number of critical issues should be considered in both proxies, including non-linear response of glacial mass balance to temperature, bedrock topography, ice thinning and fragmentation, MXD acquisition and standardization methods, and finally the ‘divergence problem’ responsible for the recently reduced sensitivity of the dendrochronological data. Nevertheless, our results highlight the possibility of performing MXD-based dendroglaciological reconstructions using this stable and reliable proxy.
Obsidian and volcanic glass artifact evidence for long-distance voyaging to the Polynesian Outlier island of Tikopia
Authors: McCoy Mark D. , Cervera Caroline , Mulrooney Mara A. , McAlister Andrew , Kirch Patrick V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReconstructing routes of ancient long-distance voyaging, long a topic of speculation, has become possible thanks to advances in the geochemical sourcing of archaeological artifacts. Of particular interest are islands classified as Polynesian Outliers, where people speak Polynesian languages and have distinctly Polynesian cultural traits, but are located within the Melanesian or Micronesian cultural areas. While the classification of these groups as Polynesian is not in dispute, the material evidence for the movement between Polynesia and the Polynesian Outliers is exceedingly rare, unconfirmed, and in most cases, nonexistent. We report on the first comprehensive sourcing (using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer) of obsidian and volcanic glass artifacts recovered from excavations on the Polynesian Outlier island of Tikopia. We find evidence for: (1) initial settlement followed by continued voyages between Tikopia and an island Melanesian homeland; (2) long-distance voyaging becoming much less frequent and continuing to decline; and (3) later voyaging from Polynesia marked by imports of volcanic glass from Tonga beginning at 765 cal yr BP (±54 yr). Later long-distance voyages from Polynesia were surprisingly rare, given the strong cultural and linguistic influences of Polynesia, and we suggest, may indicate that Tikopia was targeted by Tongans for political expansion.
Transcriptional regulation mechanism of sterol regulatory element binding proteins on Δ6 fatty acyl desaturase in razor clamSinonovacula constricta
Authors: Ran Zhaoshou , Kong Fei , Xu Jilin , Liao Kai , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe razor clam,Sinonovacula constricta, contains high levels of long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA), which are critical for human health. In addition,S. constrictais the first marine mollusc demonstrated to possess Δ6 fatty acyl desaturase (Fad) and complete LC-PUFA biosynthetic ability, providing a good representative to investigate the molecular mechanism of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) in regulating Δ6 Fad for LC-PUFA biosynthesis in marine molluscs. Herein,S. constrictaSREBP and Δ6 Fad promoter were cloned and characterised. Subsequently, dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were conducted to explore the SREBP binding elements in the core regulatory region ofS. constrictaΔ6 Fad promoter. Results showed thatS. constrictaSREBP had a very conservative basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper motif, whileS. constrictaΔ6 Fad promoter exhibited very poor identity with teleost Fads2 promoters, indicating their differentiation during evolution. A 454 bp region harbouring a core sequence inS. constrictaΔ6 Fad promoter was predicted to be essential for the transcriptional activation by SREBP. This was the first report on the regulatory mechanism of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in marine molluscs, which would facilitate optimising the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway of bivalves in further studies.
Relationship of household cooking salt and eating out on iodine status of pregnant women in environmental iodine-deficient coastal areas of China
Authors: Wang Zhengyuan , Jin Wei , Zhu Zhenni , Cui Xueying , Song Qi , Shi Zehuan , Wu Chunfeng , Zang Jiajie , Guo Changyi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs city residents eat out more frequently, it is unknown that if iodised salt is still required in home cooking. We analysed the relationship of household salt and eating out on urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in pregnant women. A household condiment weighing method was implemented to collect salt data for a week. A household salt sample was collected. A urine sample was taken at the end of the week. Totally, 4640 participants were investigated. The median UIC was 139·1 μg/l in pregnant women and 148·7, 140·0 and 122·9 μg/l in the first, second and third trimesters. Median UIC in the third trimester was lower than in the other trimesters (P < 0·001). The usage rates of iodised (an iodine content ≥ 5·0 mg/kg) and qualified-iodised (an iodine content ≥ 21·0 mg/kg) salt were 73·9 and 59·3 %. The median UIC in the qualified-iodised salt group was higher than in the non-iodised group (P = 0·037). The median UIC in the non-iodised group who did not eat out was lower than in qualified-salt groups who both did and did not eat out (P = 0·007, <0·001). The proportion of qualified-iodised salt used in home cooking is low, but foods eaten out have universal salt iodisation according to the national compulsory policy. Household iodised salt did not play a decisive role in the iodine status of pregnant women. Pregnant women in their third trimester who are not eating out and using non-iodised salt at home require extra iodine.
Tracing multiple sources of sediments using trace element and Nd isotope geochemistry: provenance of the Mesozoic succession in the Kutch Basin, western India
Authors: Chaudhuri Angana , Chatterjee Anirban , Banerjee Santanu , Ray J.S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn integrated approach involving Sr–Nd isotope, trace and rare earth element analyses tracks multiple sources of the Mesozoic sediments of the Kutch Basin at the western continental margin of India. High (87Sr/86Sr)t (ratio at time of deposition), negative εNd and high concentrations of large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) indicate the upper continental source. Ratios of Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf suggest sedimentary and felsic igneous sources of sediments. The moderate to high concentration of La, Th and Sc, light rare earth elements (LREE-) enrichment, weak negative Eu anomalies and the relationship between εNd(0) and Th/Sc indicate the dominantly felsic composition of source rocks. However, low contents of Th, low values of (87Sr/86Sr)t and depleted mantle model age TDM < 1600 Ma indicate input from a younger mafic source. Increasing concentrations of Zr, Hf and Nd isotopes and a gradual increase in mean TDM from the older to the younger formations indicate erosional unroofing at the source terrain. The increasing (87Sr/86Sr)t through time relates to increased weathering of the source rock. The overwhelmingly southwesterly palaeocurrent direction of current-generated sedimentary structures, and the mean TDM ages trace suggest source areas of the Kutch Basin to Precambrian rocks in the north and NE of this basin. The TDM ages highlight the dominance of late Palaeoproterozoic source rocks. Nd isotope composition indicates that Proterozoic rocks of Marwar Supergroup and Erinpura Granite, in particular, served as main sediment contributors for the Mesozoic sediments in Kutch. We therefore conclude that the Mesozoic sediments in the Kutch Basin are predominantly of late Palaeoproterozoic age with lesser inputs from rocks of early Mesoproterozoic and early Palaeoproterozoic age.
Angiogenesis in cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis: does the Wolbachia surface protein have a pro- or anti-angiogenic effect?
Authors: Zueva T. , Morchón R. , Carretón E. , Ollauri-Ibáñez C. , Pericacho M. , Rodríguez-Barbero A. , Simón F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria immitis produces inflammation, blood vessel obstruction and hypoxia, which are required conditions for the beginning of the process of neovascularization. Since D. immitis harbours intracellular symbiotic Wolbachia bacterium, the global understanding of the angiogenic process requires the analysis of the effect of the parasite molecules, but also that of Wolbachia. Canine primary lung microvascular endothelial cells were treated with the recombinant Wolbachia surface protein (rWSP) and the expression of angiogenic factors like Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A), sFlt, membrane Endoglin (mEndoglin) and soluble Endoglin (sEndoglin), as well as the in vitro formation of pseudocapillaries, were measured. The analyses showed a significant increase in the expression of pro-angiogenic VEGF-A and anti-angiogenic sEndoglin, together with a significant decrease in both pro-angiogenic mEndoglin and pseudocapillary formation, compared to untreated controls. Due to the complexity of the angiogenic process and its relationship with other physiological processes like inflammation and fibrinolysis, these results might suggest that rWSP participate in various mechanisms related to each other and its effects might depend either on the balance between them or on the moment of their occurrence.
Intakes and status of riboflavin in a representative sample of Irish adults aged 18–90 years screened for MTHFR C677T polymorphism
Authors: O'Sullivan Emma , Kehoe Laura , Walton Janette , McNulty Helene , Ward Mary , McAnena Liadhan , Hopkins Sinead M. , McNulty Breige A. , Nugent Anne P. , Flynn Albert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMeta-analyses of epidemiological data report that adults who carry a common polymorphism, the MTHFR 677C→T, in the gene encoding the folate-metabolising enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have a 40% increased risk of CVD and an 87% increased risk of hypertension. Riboflavin (vitamin B2), in its co-enzymatic form flavin adenine nucleotide (FAD), is required as a co-factor by MTHFR and previous trials in hypertensive patients have shown a blood pressure lowering response to riboflavin supplementation that is specific to individuals homozygous for this polymorphism (TT genotype). Low folate status is commonly reported in adults with the TT genotype however the effect of this genetic variant on riboflavin status has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate dietary intake and biomarker status of riboflavin by MTHFR genotype in Irish adults using data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey (2008–2010) (www.iuna.net).A 4-day semi-weighed food record was used to collect food and beverage intake data from a representative sample of 1500 Irish adults (18–90 years). Dietary intake data were analysed using WISP© based on UK food composition tables (modified to include recipes of composite dishes, nutritional supplements, fortified foods and generic Irish foods that were commonly consumed). Usual intakes were calculated via the NCI-method using SAS© Enterprise Guide. Blood samples (n = 1126) were collected by venepuncture by a trained professional and were processed and analysed using standard operating procedures. Biomarker status of riboflavin was determined by erthyrocyte gluthathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRac), a functional assay that measures the activity of the enzyme glutathione reductase before and after in vitro activation with its prosthetic group FAD; a lower value indicates better status.It was found that 12% of the population had the TT genotype. As expected, there was no significant difference in riboflavin intake across the genotype (CC, CT or TT) groups. Similarly, no significant genotype differences in riboflavin status (EGRac) were observed (1.36 vs 1.37 vs 1.38 respectively). Overall, 61% of the total population had EGRac values > 1.3, indicative of low/deficient status with no significant difference observed between the genotype groups (60%,61% and 61%, respectively).These data suggest that riboflavin status is not influenced by the C677T polymorphism in MTHFR in this cohort of nationally representative Irish adults. Further research is needed to see the impact of riboflavin status on blood pressure across the genotype groups in this nationally representative cohort of Irish adults.