bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Romantic relationship commitment and the threat of alternatives on social media
Authors: de Lenne Orpha , Wittevronghel Laurens , Vandenbosch Laura , Eggermont Steven 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough previous findings suggest a link between adults' use of social networking sites (SNS) and relationship commitment, research has been lacking. This study of 427 emerging and young adults (aged 18–32 years, 71.20% female) indicated that exposure to alternative partners on SNS was indirectly related to relationship commitment through the pursuing of alternative partners on SNS. The more frequently they were exposed to alternative partners on SNS, the more they engaged in pursuing these alternative partners, which negatively affected their relationship commitment. Furthermore, a positive relation between exposure and romantic comparison to alternative partners was found. Gender did not moderate these relations. The discussion focuses on the implications of the findings for relationship development.
Measurements of sun sensitivity in five European countries confirm the relative nature of Fitzpatrick skin phototype scale
Authors: Bieliauskiene Giedre , Holm‐Schou Ann‐Sofie Sonne , Philipsen Peter A. , Murphy Gillian M. , Sboukis Dimitrios , Schwarz Thomas , Young Antony R. , Wulf Hans Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground/purposeSkin colour and sun sensitivity are highly related to the distance to the equator: people in southern latitudes are usually darker and less sensitive to sun than in northern latitudes. Whether differences in sun sensitivity can be found in a relatively homogenous European population is unclear. We aimed to objectively measure sun sensitivity (assessed as pigment protection factor (PPF)) in five European countries, relate it to self‐assessed Fitzpatrick skin phototype (FST) and to determine whether PPF levels in the different FST categories are dependent on the investigated countries.MethodsVolunteers (n = 569) were recruited in Copenhagen (Denmark), Dublin (Ireland), London (England), Münster (Germany) and Ioannina (Greece). Skin phototype was self‐assessed using the FST scale. PPF was measured at both sun‐protected buttocks and five sun‐exposed skin sites by a skin reflectance spectrophotometer.ResultsOverall, there were statistically significant differences in PPF of the buttocks, inner arm, outer arm, forehead, chest and back between the five countries (P ≤ .031). Generally, PPF level was lower in northern than in southern latitudes. PPF of the buttocks was similar in all countries for those who identified as FST I (P = .723). However, it was statistically significantly different (P ≤ 2.913*10−4) and country‐dependent for those who identified as FST II‐IV.ConclusionObjectively measured sun sensitivity is higher (lower PPF) in northern compared with southern latitudes. The choice of self‐identified FST category is influenced by a person's immediate environment. Therefore, we confirmed the relative nature of the FST scale and the need to standardise the skin phototype assessment procedure.
Training intensity‐dependent increases in corticospinal but not intracortical excitability after acute strength training
Authors: Colomer‐Poveda David , Hortobágyi Tibor , Keller Martin , Romero‐Arenas Salvador , Márquez Gonzalo 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the increases in corticospinal excitability (CSE) observed after one session of unilateral isometric strength training (ST) are related to changes in intracortical excitability measured by magnetic brain stimulation (TMS) in the trained and the contralateral untrained biceps brachii (BB) and whether such changes scale with training intensity. On three separate days, 15 healthy young men performed one ST session of 12 sets of eight isometric contractions of the right elbow flexors at 0% (control session), 25%, or 75% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in a random order. Before and after each session separated at least by 1 week, motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), contralateral silent period (SP), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) generated by TMS were measured in the trained and the untrained BBs. Compared with baseline, MEPs recorded from the trained BB increased by ~47% after training at 75% of MVC (P < .05) but not after training at 0% (~4%) or 25% MVC (~5%, both P > .05). MEPs in the untrained BB and SICI, SP, and ICF in either BB did not change. Therefore, acute high‐intensity but not low‐intensity unilateral isometric ST increases CSE in the trained BB without modifications in intracortical inhibition or facilitation. Thus, increases in corticospinal neurons or α‐α‐motoneuron excitability could underlie the increases in CSE. Regardless of contraction intensity, acute isometric ST did not modify the excitability of the ipsilateral primary motor cortex measured by TMS.
Defining raft domains in the plasma membrane
Authors: Kusumi Akihiro , Fujiwara Takahiro K. , Tsunoyama Taka A. , Kasai Rinshi S. , Liu An‐An , Hirosawa Koichiro M. , Kinoshita Masanao , Matsumori Nobuaki , Komura Naoko , Ando Hiromune , Suzuki Kenichi G. N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany plasma membrane (PM) functions depend on the cholesterol concentration in the PM in strikingly nonlinear, cooperative ways: fully functional in the presence of physiological cholesterol levels (35~45 mol%), and nonfunctional below 25 mol% cholesterol; namely, still in the presence of high concentrations of cholesterol. This suggests the involvement of cholesterol‐based complexes/domains formed cooperatively. In this review, by examining the results obtained by using fluorescent lipid analogs and avoiding the trap of circular logic, often found in the raft literature, we point out the fundamental similarities of liquid‐ordered (Lo)‐phase domains in giant unilamellar vesicles, Lo‐phase‐like domains formed at lower temperatures in giant PM vesicles, and detergent‐resistant membranes: these domains are formed by cooperative interactions of cholesterol, saturated acyl chains, and unsaturated acyl chains, in the presence of >25 mol% cholesterol. The literature contains evidence, indicating that the domains formed by the same basic cooperative molecular interactions exist and play essential roles in signal transduction in the PM. Therefore, as a working definition, we propose that raft domains in the PM are liquid‐like molecular complexes/domains formed by cooperative interactions of cholesterol with saturated acyl chains as well as unsaturated acyl chains, due to saturated acyl chains' weak multiple accommodating interactions with cholesterol and cholesterol's low miscibility with unsaturated acyl chains and TM proteins. Molecules move within raft domains and exchange with those in the bulk PM. We provide a logically established collection of fluorescent lipid probes that preferentially partition into raft and non‐raft domains, as defined here, in the PM.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Willianms Ellery 
Published: December 2019

Business and Management Studies (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4 Dalia Susniene, Kaunas University of Technology, LithuaniaFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoGabriela O. Chiciudean, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIulia Cristina Muresan, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaJason Caudill, King University, USAJulia Stefanova, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BulgariaLucie Andreisová, University of Economics in Prague, CzechMr. Abdul-Kahar Adam, University of Education, Winneba, GhanaProf. Martin Sung, Hubei Economic and Finance University, ChinaRaimundo Lima Filho, University of State of Bahia, BrazilRocsana Tonis, Spiru Haret University, RomaniaSandeep Kumar, Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, Affiliated to GGSIP University Delgi, IndiaTetiana Paientko, Kyiv National Economic Univercity, Ukraine Ellery WillianmsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Business and Management StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://bms.redfame.com
Tribological Evaluation of Electrical Resistance of Lubricated Contacts
Authors: Chen Yan , Liang Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We report a tribo-electrochemical configuration to conduct in situ measurement of electrical conductivity and thickness of lubricating oils against friction. Results showed the non-ohmic behavior of a lubricating film in the hydrodynamic regime. Properties of lubricants and testing conditions are factors affecting the performance. The approach reported here opens windows for future investigation in the fundamentals of lubrication and alternative design of next-generation lubricants.
A Resonant Metamaterial Line Array for Ultrasound Compressive Imaging
Authors: Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan Ashkan , Molaei Ali , Heredia-Juesas Juan , Martinez-Lorenzo Jose Angel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Acoustic metamaterials have been proposed for numerous applications including subwavelength imaging, impedance matching, and lensing. Yet, their application in compressive sensing and imaging has not been fully investigated. When metamaterials are used as resonators at certain frequencies, they can generate random radiation patterns in the transmitted waves from the transducers and received waves from a target. Compressive sensing favors such randomness inasmuch as it can increase incoherence by decreasing the amount of mutual information between any two different measurements. This study aims at assessing whether the use of resonating metamaterial unit cells in a single-layered non-optimized array between a number of ultrasound transceivers and targets can improve the sensing capacity, point-spread function of the sensing array (their beam focusing ability), and imaging performance in point-like target detection. The theoretical results are promising and can open the way for more efficient metamaterial designs with the aim of enhancing ultrasound imaging with lower number of transceivers compared to the regular systems.
A Lattice Boltzmann Simulation for Thermal Energy Diffusion Through a Micro/Nanoscale Thin Film
Authors: Su Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Thermal energy diffusion through two directions of a micro/nanoscale thin film is modeled by a dimensionless form of Boltzmann transport equations of phonon density distribution functions. With the model named a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), the discrete Boltzmann transport equations are able to be solved directly. The present model applied is based on physic expression of the dimensionless phonon density distribution functions together with both physic based dimensionless relaxation time models and the physic based dimensionless form of boundary conditions. Effects due to the variations of film thickness, distribution of temperature, and phonon transport frequency are all included in the physic based model. Phonon energy and effective thermal conductivity distributions are shown in the two-dimensional (2D) space. The spatial distributions of temperatures and thermal conductivities are validated by comparing with previous studies. Effects of the longitude and transvers direction heat transfer patterns and their effective thermal conductivities under different size and geometry ratios are compared.
Research on Thermal Properties of Insulator-Metal Transition at Room Temperature in Sm1-xCaxMnO3
Authors: Chang Ruxia , Fan Desong , Li Qiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The high-purity electron-doped manganites Sm1-xCaxMnO3 nanopowder were prepared by the solid-state reaction method, then the bulk material were obtained through granulation, molding, calcining, grinding and polishing. SCMO nanoparticles with 200 nm were obtained by the sol-gal process. The phase and surface morphology of these materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscope and other experiments. The variable resistivity of the bulk materials were measured by two-wire method in the temperature range of 100–420K. The thermal conductivity was measured by the Laser Flash method. The results show that different doping ratios can change the phase transition temperature of the metal-insulation state. The temperature changed from 0 to 50 °C. The TMI could be regulated to room temperature. When the temperature is high than the TMI, it performs as metal state, on the contrary, it performs as an insulating state.
Analytical Investigation on the Homogeneous Nucleation in a Mono-Component and Bi-Component Droplet
Authors: Xi Xi , Liu Hong , Cai Chang , Jia Ming , Zhang Weilong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The work attempts to analyze the performance of homogeneous nucleation by using the non-equilibrium thermodynamics theory and the classical nucleation theory. A nucleation rate graph was constructed under a wide range of operating temperature conditions. The results indicate that the superheat limit temperature (SLT) estimated by the modified homogeneous nucleation sub-model is in good agreement with the experimental results. The nucleation rate increases exponentially with the liquid temperature rise when the liquid temperature exceeds the SLT under atmospheric pressure. The superheated temperature needed to trigger the bubble nucleation decreases with the elevated ambient pressure.
Fabrication and Mechanical Property of Bioinspired Three Dimensional Amorphous Carbon Membrane As Anode in Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Wang Xueliang , Qu Zhiguo , Wang Yaping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
3D amorphous carbon-based membrane materials with continuous carbon skeleton were obtained from the fruit waste pomelo peel. The microstructure shows honeycomb in the transverse direction with pore size ranging from 50∼100 μm, while in the longitudinal direction, the inner surface of the carbon membrane shows unique structure, i.e., rollable ladders with carbon rungs twinkled intimately around the vertical stringers, which is considered to contribute to the mechanical strength of the carbon membrane. The tensile test indicates that prolonged yield stage is observed in the stress-strain curve of the membrane material, the corresponding fracture morphology showing different fracture surfaces, which confirms the alleviation of the applied load by changing the crack direction. In addition, the elastic modulus of the carbon membrane material is 140 MPa. The elongation of the yield period is considered to facilitate the structure stability of the carbon membrane material as anode material in Lithium-ion battery (LIBs).
Comparison of Heat Transfer Performance Between Smooth and Enhanced Heat Transfer Tubes
Authors: Kukulka David J. , Li Wei , Smith Rick 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Heat transfer enhancement is an important factor in obtaining energy efficiency improvements in all heat transfer applications. A numeric study was performed that compares the performance of heat exchangers using the Vipertex enhanced heat transfer tubes (model 1EHT) to the performance of heat exchangers that use smooth surface tubes and other enhanced tubes. Surface enhancement of the 1EHT tube is accomplished through the use of the primary dimple enhancement and a secondary background pattern made up of petal arrays. Utilization of enhanced heat transfer tubes is an effective method that is utilized in the development of high performance thermal systems. Vipertex™ tubes, have been designed and produced through material surface modifications that produce flow optimized heat transfer tubes that increase heat transfer performance. Current energy demands and the desire to increase efficiencies of systems have prompted the development of optimized enhanced heat transfer surfaces. Enhanced heat transfer tubes are widely used in many areas (refrigeration, air-conditioning, process, petrochemical, chemical, etc.) in order to reduce cost, create a smaller application footprint or increase production. A new type of enhanced heat transfer tube has been created; therefore it is important to investigate relevant heat exchanger designs using the Vipertex enhanced surface tube in industrial applications and compare that performance to smooth tubes and other enhanced tubes. Results include design characteristics and performance predictions using the design simulations produced using HTRI Exchanger Suite (2016). Performance for all cases considered using the Vipertex tube predicted over design when compared to a smooth tube design. Vipertex 1EHT tubes produced enhanced heat transfer and cost efficient designs. In some of the case studies the 1EHT tubes produce an overdesign that is more than 35%, while smooth tubes produce an underdesign and other low fin tubes produce overdesign but not as large as the 1EHT tubes.
Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Effect of Pressure and Surface Roughness on Thermal Contact Resistance With LMA As TIM
Authors: Ji Yulong , Xu Jiantong , Gao Weichen , Yan Huilong , Su Fengmin , Ma Hongbin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The recent research show that low melting temperature alloys (LMA) is a prospective thermal interface material (TIM). However, the effect of surface roughness and interface contact pressure on the thermal contact resistance with LMA as TIM is unclear. In the current research, copper plates with surface roughness of 0.28 μm, 0.54 μm, 0.96 μm and 2.59 μm were fabricated to make different test samples. Low melting temperature alloys Ga62.5In21.5Sn16 was used as TIM to make the Cu-LMA-Cu three-layer structure samples. The thermal contact resistance of these samples under different pressure of 0.05 MPa, 0.1 MPa, 0.15 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.4 MPa and 0.6 MPa were measured based on the steady state method. The results show that when the pressure of 0.05 MPa, 0.1 MPa, 0.15 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.6MPa is applied to the samples, the thermal contact resistance of sample with surface roughness of 0.28 μm decreased by 74.3%, 71.1%, 70.1%, 71.5%, 70.8%, 70.1% compared with that of the sample with surface roughness of 2.59 μm. In order to further study the influence of the factors on the thermal contact resistance, a theoretical model of solid-liquid-solid thermal contact resistance with contact pressure and surface roughness as factors was developed. Based on theoretical model, it is concluded that (1) the thermal contact resistance decreases as the pressure increases, and gradually stabilizes; (2) as the surface roughness increases, the thermal contact resistance increases; (3) As the surface roughness decreases, the influence of contact pressure on thermal contact resistance decreases. The above conclusions were verified by test results.
Interfacial Thermal Conductance and Thermal Rectification Across In-Plane Graphene/h-BN Heterostructures With Different Bonding Types
Authors: Liang Ting , Zhang Ping , Yuan Peng , Zhou Man , Zhai Siping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The in-plane graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (Gr/h-BN) heterostructures have received extensive attention in recent years due to their excellent physical properties and the development potential of next-generation nanoelectronic devices. Generally, different bonding types between Gr and h-BN are considered in different non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations studies. However, which type of bonding is most conducive to interface thermal transport is still very confusing. In this work, we investigate the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) and the thermal rectification (TR) in five different bonding types of in-plane Gr/h-BN heterostructures by using NEMD simulations. It is found that the ITC depends strongly on the bonding strength and arrangement of different atoms across the boundary. Among the five different bonding types of heterostructures, the C-N bonded heterojunction exhibits the highest ITC due to its stronger interfacial bonding. The analyses on the strain distribution indicated that a low interfacial stress level at the interface junction, may facilitate the heat conduction, thus leading to a higher ITC. In addition, we found that TR occurs in all five bonded heterostructures, and the C-B bonded heterojunction possesses the highest TR factor. The present study is of significance for understanding the thermal transport behavior of Gr/h-BN heterostructures and promoting their future applications in thermal management and thermoelectric devices.
Nusselt Number Prediction for Slip Flow in Confined Porous Media Based on Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Tariq Ammar , Liu Zhenyu , Mu Zhiyu , Wu Huiying 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Understanding flow and heat transfer in porous media is a matter of prime concern for micro devices. In this work, slip flow and heat transfer of gaseous fluid through the confined porous media is numerically simulated using a multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method. The method is employed using an effective curved boundary treatment based on non-equilibrium extrapolation and counter-extrapolation methods. Nusselt number prediction for varying porosity, Knudsen and Reynolds number are studied. Based on the obtained numerical results, it is proved that the current technique can be used to effectively model slip flow and heat transfer at pore-scale.
PTFE Modification to Enhance Boiling Performance of Porous Surface
Authors: Wang Ya-Qiao , Luo Jia-Li , Heng Yi , Mo Dong-Chuan , Lyu Shu-Shen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Boiling heat transfer is one of the most effective methods to meet the challenge of heat dissipation of high heat flux devices. Wetting hybrid surface has been demonstrated to have better performance than hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface. But this kind of wetting hybrid modification is always carried out on plain or flat surface. In this paper, we coated PTFE powders on superhydrophilic micro copper dendrite fin surface to build wetting hybrid surface. The pool boiling experimental results showed that after coating, the wall superheat dramatically decreased to 8 K, which is 9K lower than that on original surface at 250 W·cm−2. Besides, it also has much better performance than Silicon pin fin based wetting hybrid surface.