bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAT1&nbsp;Promotes Gemcitabine Resistance by Regulating the PVT1/EZH2&nbsp;Complex in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Sun Yan , Shen Jian , Ren Dianyun , Zhou Yingke , Zhao Jingyuan , Wang Bo , Fan Ping , Gao Yang , Wu Heshui , jin xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is primarily due to the development of resistance to therapies, including gemcitabine. PVT1 has been shown to interact with EZH2, promoting gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Methods: In this study, we assessed the ability of PVT1/EZH2 targeting to reverse resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells. MTS assay, colony formation assay, and mouse xenotransplantation experiments were used to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine in HAT1 knockdown or overexpressing pancreatic cancer cells. The relationship between HAT1 and PVT1 in pancreatic cancer was determined by RNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Co-immunoprecipitation, pull-downs, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the relationship between HAT1 and EZH2 in pancreatic cancer. Chitosan (CS)-tripolyphosphate (TPP)-siHAT1 nanoparticles were developed to evaluate their effects on the anti-tumor potential of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Student’s t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), or two-way ANOVA was used to evaluate statistical significance. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. All values were expressed as means ± SD. Results: Our results showed that the aberrant HAT1 expression promoted gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. We also found that HAT1 enhanced the binding of BRD4 to the PVT1 promoter, thereby promoting PVT1 transcription. Moreover, we found that HAT1 prevented EZH2 degradation by interfering with UBR4 binding to the N-terminal domain of EZH2, thus maintaining EZH2 protein stability. Finally, we showed that CS-TPP-siHAT1 nanoparticles augmented the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that by increasing the levels of the PVT1/EZH2 complex, HAT1 promotes gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. Therefore, HAT1 is a promising therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
Determinants of Export Performance in Ethiopia
Authors: Kamma Ezo Emako 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ethiopia has adopted different policy measures geared at promoting exports. As a result the real value of export has increased by more than 13 folds during 1980-2018 periods; however, its share in gross domestic product and import bills is being very small. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the factors responsible for export performance over the period 1980-2018 by using the bound co-integration approach. In the long run, the regression analysis implies that real economic growth, inflation and the foreign demand are found to have a positive effect, whereas openness and the share of agriculture have a negative effect. Real economic growth, inflation and the foreign demand depressingly affect the export supply in the short run whereas openness affects positively but the share of agriculture was not found to be crucial. Thus, in order Ethiopia economy to improve its own export supply, focusing on industrial sector, ensuring and expanding vocational and technical education, trying to reduce marketing costs through the process by making transparent, and diversifying the destination are very crucial policy tools.
Crossfit Practice: An Electromyographic Analysis of Masticatory Muscles
Authors: Silva Nayara Soares da , Palinkas Marcelo , Fioco Evandro Marianetti , Verri Edson Donizetti , Fabrin Saulo César Vallin , Prandi Marcos Vinicios Ribeiro , Gomes Guilherme Gallo Costa , Regalo Isabela Hallak , Hallak Jaime Eduardo Cecilio , Regalo Simone Cecilio Hallak , Siéssere Selma 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: CrossFit is a regular high-intensity physical conditioning exercise for skeletal striated muscles, which promotes functional changes in the human body. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CrossFit exercise on the electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles. Methods: Forty participants were divided into two groups: athletes who practiced CrossFit (n=20) and controls who did not practice sports (n=20). The electromyographic activities of the masseter and temporalis muscles were measured using mandibular tasks at rest, protrusion, right laterality, left laterality, and dental clenching in maximum voluntary contraction and habitual chewing of peanuts and raisins. Both the groups were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The data were analyzed using the t-test with a 5% significance level. Results: Reduced electromyographic activities were found in all mandibular tasks in the CrossFit group than in the control group, with a significant difference for the right masseter (p=0.01), left masseter (p=0.001), and left temporal muscles (p=0.001) at mandibular rest; right (p=0.001) and left (p=0.001) masseter in chewing of peanuts. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that CrossFit promotes positive changes in electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles, especially in the mandibular rest and chewing of hard food. CrossFit exercise practiced within the appropriate technical protocols improves masticatory muscle function.
Effect of Hydrolysable Tannin on Nutrient Intake Obesity and Other Associated Metabolic Risk Factors in Polycystic Rats
Authors: Manzoor Faiza , Nisa Mahr Un , Hussain Hafiz Amjad , Khan Muhammad Kamran , Ahmad Rabia Shabir , Ahmad Nazir , Imran Muhammad , Umbreen Huma 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Food intake and eating behavior are two important risk factors that lead to obesity and other metabolic and reproductive disorders like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Most of the phytonutrients like hydrolysable tannin (HT) have the ability to reduce the nutrient intake that might be a suitable remedy for weight management of females in their reproductive age. Therefore, the present research is aimed to find out the effect of HT on nutrient intake, weekly body weight, weight gain, serum lipids, minerals, immunoglobulins and satiety hormones in PCOS rats.Methods: A total of forty five adult healthy female rats of 56 days old, weighed 135±5g with two consecutive estrous cycles were selected. In order to induce PCOS in rats, the intramuscular injection of 4mg/rat/kg Estradiol- Valerate was used. After induction, a Complete Randomized Design was used to divide the rats into five equal groups (n=9) named as Pc0, Pc0.5, Pc1, Pc1.5 and Pc2. The groups of rats were offered different doses of HT i.e. 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% respectively per kg body weight in solution form through oral gavage once in a day for 60 days. Results: After the intake of different levels of HT, the statistical results had shown a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the weekly nutrient intake, body weight, water intake, weight gain, blood glucose in PCOS rats. A similar trend of decrease (p<0.05) was noticed in serum iron, IgM, IgG, leptin, ghrelin, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides while a significant improvement (p<0.05) was also observed in high density lipoprotein in the PCOS rats. However, a non-significant effect (p>0.05) was observed on serum protein and calcium levels.Conclusions: The study concluded that HT had a therapeutical potential to decrease the nutrient intake and its anti-nutritional property could be used as remedy for the management of body weight, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors of PCOS rats.
Objectively and Subjectively Measured Effects of a Palmitoleate Dietary Supplement: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Sasagawa Masa , Boclair Miranda J , Amieux Paul S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Supplementation with dietary palmitoleate was reported to lower serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) for those with elevated hsCRP. The objective of the study was to evaluate subjectively and objectively measured outcomes of an omega-7 fatty acid (n7FA) dietary supplement on people with non-specific chronic musculoskeletal discomfort. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, 1:1 randomized single crossover trial was composed of Group “A” which was given placebo first and verum second while group “B” was given verum first and placebo second. Volunteers with uncomplicated chronic musculoskeletal discomfort or a baseline serum hsCRP >1.0 mg/L were recruited from 2017 – 2019. Verum capsules contained palmitoleate and the placebo contained medium chain fatty acids (MCT). Participants took two capsules per day from the first bottle for three weeks followed by two capsules per day from the second bottle without washout for an additional three weeks. Subjects were instructed to maintain their current diet and lifestyle.Results: From 211 volunteers consented and screened, 56 subjects were randomized. Six subjects dropped out, and fifty subjects contributed to the statistical analyses. At baseline, none of the investigated biomarkers were significantly correlated to subjectively assessed musculoskeletal discomfort levels, and Group B showed higher HDL and lower triglyceride than Group A. Main Outcomes of crossover analysis found no statistical significance in all measurements. The mean difference of subjectively measured PROMIS® scores between the first and second visits showed improvement for both placebo and verum groups. Conclusions: Supplementation for three weeks with 688mg per day of a palmiteolate dietary supplement did not reduce serum inflammatory biomarkers nor did it improve subjectively measured quality of life (QoL) for those with chronic non-specific musculoskeletal discomfort. Future studies should explore time, dosing and verification of cis-palmiteolate versus trans-palmiteolate. Future studies should also consider selection of patients with chronic inflammation, for example individuals with higher body-mass index (BMI).Trial registration: NCT03669575. Registered 13 September 2018 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03669575.
Perinatal changes in plasma of type 2 diabetes mellitus pregnancies who delivered newborns with cardiomyopathy, depression of the central nervous system, or hepatomegaly
Authors: Kopylov Arthur T. , Papysheva Olga , Gribova Iveta , Kaysheva Anna L. , Kotaysch Galina , Kharitonova Lubov , Mayatskaya Tatiana , Nurbekov Malik K. , Sokerina Ekaterina , Krasheninnikova Anna , Morozov Sergey G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Maternal diabetes either pregestational or gestational is the main risk factor contributing in development of diabetic fetopathy (DF) in newborns. There are no generalized signs of DF up to late gestational age due to insufficient sensitivity of the currently employed instrumental methods for diagnosis.
Methods

This is a cross-sectional prospective controlled study. Here, we reported proteomic investigation for several cases of severe types of diabetic fetopathy (cardiomyopathy (CRDM, n = 37), central nervous system depression (CNSD, n = 35) and hepatomegaly (HPMG, n = 35)) diagnosed during 30–35 gestational weeks and confirmed upon delivery by from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Control groups were comprised from women in whom T2DM had been ruled out (n = 40) and group of pregnancies with T2DM who delivered healthy newborns (n = 40).
Results

We found a composition of serum-based non-trivial markers capable that are strongly associated with the certain type of fetopathy or anatomical malfunctions in the affected newborns. Significant impact on mRNA splicing and DNA reparation has been determined by emerging alterations in CDCL5. Patients of CNSD groups were characterized by utmost depletion (ca. 7% of baseline) of DFP3 neurotrophic factor needed for the proper specialization of cardiomyocytes and oligodendrocytes. Corrupted regulation of non-canonical Wnt-signaling guided by PEDF (in CNSD and HPMG groups) and DAAM2 (in CRDM and HPMG groups) was also proposed. In addition, deficiency in retinoic acid and thyroxine transport was revealed by dramatic increase of TTHY in CNDS group.
Conclusions

We examined peripheral blood plasma and determined a small proportion of proteins indicating the pre-existing signs of DF. Most of the examined markers are participants of critical processes at different stages of embryogenesis and regulate various phases of morphogenesis. There are proteins regulating splicing and DNA repair, differentiation of neurons and their switching to the post-mitotic state. Therefore, reconstruction of the molecular interplay between the defined in proteins is decisive to appreciate cryptic violations in fetal development on the background of diabetic conditions
Determinants of postnatal care service utilization among mothers of Mangochi district, Malawi: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sagawa Jonas , Kabagenyi Allen , Turyasingura Godwin , Mwale Saul Eric 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPostnatal care (PNC) services such as antenatal care, labour and delivery care services are paramount in maternal, neonatal morbidity and mortality rates reduction in low and middle income countries. Several factors impede the effective utilization of these services by mothers which makes them access few services than recommended by world health organization. This study examined the determinants of PNC utilization among mothers in Mangochi District, Malawi.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study involving a multistage sampling of 600 mothers from nine randomly selected villages in Mangochi district, Malawi was conducted in the month of January, 2016. A transcribed semi-structured questionnaire was pre-tested, modified and used to collect data on socio demographic, socio-economic and socio-cultural characteristics. A Pearson Chi square (𝜒2) test was used to determine the association between the socio-demographic, socio-cultural, and socio-economic factors and PNC utilization. A multivariable logistic regression with 95% confidence interval was performed to determine the predictors of PNC service utilization.Results84.8% of the mothers utilized PNC services at least once within the postnatal period. Among the PNC users, 74.5% attended once, 20% attended two to three times and 5.5% attended more than three times. The predictors of PNC service utilization were education level of the mother (AOR= 2.42, CI: 1.97-6.04) education level of the partner (AOR=1.5, CI: 1.25-2.49) , occupation status of the partner (AOR= 3.2, CI: 1.25-8.01), household level of income (AOR=14.4, CI: 5.90-35.16), decision making (AOR=2.27, CI: 1.13-4.57), knowledge of available PNC services (AOR=4.2, CI: 2.22-7.41), knowledge of at least one postpartum danger signs (AOR=4.0, CI:2.07-7.50), and place of delivery (AOR=6.9, CI: 3.35-14.14).ConclusionThe rate of PNC service utilization among mothers was 85%. The uptake of PNC services among mothers was mainly influenced by education level of the mother and partner, occupation status of the partner, household level of income, decision making power, knowledge of available PNC services, knowledge of at least one postpartum danger signs, and place of delivery. Therefore, reinforcement of the existing policies and strategies to increase awareness about PNC services among mothers through awareness campaigns, training and empowerment programs is needed.
Spousal Support during Pregnancy in the Nigerian Rural Context
Authors: Arisukwu Ogadimma , Igbolekwu Chisaa Onyekachi , Oyekola; Isaac Akintoyese , Oyeyipo Eyitayo Joseph , Asamu Festus Femi , Osueke Ngozi Obiageli 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPregnancy constitutes a global health concern, thus the need for spousal support during this period cannot be overemphasised. This study examined the kinds of support pregnant women expected and received from their spouse as well as the effect of such supports during pregnancy, labour and delivery. MethodsThe study adopted both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The respondents were selected using multistage and simple random sampling techniques. ResultsFindings showed that respondents expected and received maximum support from their spouses during pregnancy, labour and delivery. Spiritual support such as praying and fasting were top on the kinds of support pregnant women expected and received from their husbands during pregnancy and delivery. Others include, helping in house chores, financial provision, taking care of other children, accompanying to labour room, and sexual support. More than three-quarter of the respondents stated that maximum support from their husbands made pregnancy, labour and delivery easier. Cramer’s V showed that the association between support and husbands’ occupation was 0.233 and Pearson Chi-square showed that the association was statistically significant χ2(2) = 27.894,p< .001. ConclusionThe study concluded that spousal support during pregnancy was high among rural women in South-western Nigeria, and it impacted positively on their wife’s period of pregnancy, labour and delivery. The high level of spousal support should be sustained so as to promote family bonding and development.
Subtle changes in crosslinking drive diverse anomalous transport characteristics in actin-microtubule networks
Authors: Anderson Sylas , Garamella Jonathan , McGorty Ryan , Robertson-Anderson Rae 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Anomalous diffusion in crowded and complex environments is widely studied due to its importance in intracellular transport, fluid rheology and materials engineering. Specifically, diffusion through the cytoskeleton, a network comprised of semiflexible actin filaments and rigid microtubules that interact both sterically and via crosslinking, plays a principal role in viral infection, vesicle transport and targeted drug delivery. Here, we elucidate the impact of crosslinking on particle diffusion in composites of actin and microtubules with actin-actin, microtubule-microtubule and actin-microtubule crosslinking. We analyze a suite of complementary transport metrics by coupling single-particle tracking and differential dynamic microscopy. Using these orthogonal techniques, we find that particles display non-Gaussian and non-ergodic subdiffusion that is markedly enhanced by cytoskeletal crosslinking of any type, which we attribute to suppressed microtubule mobility. However, the extent to which transport deviates from normal Brownian diffusion depends strongly on the crosslinking motif – with actin-microtubule crosslinking inducing the most pronounced anomalous characteristics – due to increased actin fluctuation heterogeneity. Our results reveal that subtle changes to actin-microtubule interactions can have dramatic impacts on diffusion in the cytoskeleton, and suggest that less mobile and more locally heterogeneous networks lead to more strongly anomalous transport.
Bark-dwelling methanotrophic bacteria decrease methane emissions from trees
Authors: Jeffrey Luke C , Maher Damien T. , Chiri Eleonora , Leung Pok Man , Nauer Philipp A. , Arndt Stefan K. , Tait Douglas R. , Greening Chris , Johnston Scott G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tree stems are an important and unconstrained source of methane, yet it is uncertain if there are internal microbial controls (i.e. methanotrophy) within tree bark, that may reduce methane emissions. Using multiple lines of evidence, we demonstrate here that unique microbial communities dominated by methane oxidising bacteria (MOB) dwell within bark of Melaleuca quinquenervia, a common, invasive and globally distributed lowland species. Laboratory incubations of methane inoculated M. quinquenervia bark reveal methane consumption (up to 96.3 µmol m-2 bark d-1) and distinct isotopic δ13C-CH4 enrichment characteristic of MOB. Molecular analysis indicates unique microbial communities reside within the bark, with methane-oxidising bacteria primarily from the genus Methylomonas comprising up to 25 % of the total microbial community. Methanotroph abundance was linearly correlated to methane uptake rates (R2 = 0.76, p = 0.006). Finally, field-based methane oxidation inhibition experiments demonstrate that bark-dwelling MOB reduce methane emissions by 36 ± 5 %. These multiple, complementary lines of evidence indicate that bark-dwelling MOB represent a novel and potentially significant methane sink, and an important frontier for further research.
The expression of miR-513c and miR-3163 was downregulated in tumor tissues compared with margin tissues of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Delgir Soheila , Ilkhani Khandan , Safi Asma , Seif Farhad , Bastami Milad , Alivand Mohammad-Reza , Montazari Vahid 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common invasive cancer with different subtypes that its metabolism is unique compared with normal cells. Glutamine is considered a critical nutrition for tumor cell growth and therefore, targeting glutamine metabolism, especially Glutaminase, which catalyzed the conversion of glutamine to glutamate can be beneficial to design anti-cancer agents. Recently, evidence has shown that miRNAs with short length and single strand properties play a significant role in regulating the genes related to glutamine metabolism and may control the development of cancer. Methods: Since, in-silico analysis confirmed that miR-513c and miR-3163 might be involved in glutamine metabolism, the expression level of these two miRNAs was evaluated in eighty BC tissues and margin tissues. The data were analyzed to evaluate the correlation between expression level of these miRNAs and patient’s characteristics such as abortion history, family history, and age. Furthermore, in-silico analysis was applied to predict the potential biological processes and molecular pathways of miR-513c and miR-3163 based on its gene targets. Results: In-silico studies revealed the top categories of biological processes and pathways that play a critical role in cancer development were target genes for miR-513c and miR-3163. The current study showed that miR-513c (P-value= 0.02062 and fold change= -2.3801) and miR-3163 (P-value= 0.02034 and fold change= -2.3792) were downregulated in tumor tissues compared to margin tissues. Furthermore, the subgroup studies did not show any substantial relationship between expression levels of these two miRNAs and factors such as age, family history cancer, and abortion. Conclusion: Based on our data, miR-513c and miR-3163 may be offered as a potential diagnosis and therapeutic targets for patients with BC.