bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caspase recruitment domain family member 9 expression is a promising biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sekino Nobufumi , Kano Masayuki , Sakata Haruhito , Murakami Kentaro , Toyozumi Takeshi , Matsumoto Yasunori , Ryuzaki Takahiro , Ikeda Junichiro , Ota Masayuki , Matsubara Hisahiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a refractory digestive organ cancer that requires better treatment strategies. We have recently reported that the antidiabetic drug metformin exerts antitumor effects on ESCC by inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) nuclear translocation. In the present study, we focused on caspase recruitment domain family member 9 (CARD9), an essential signal adapter in NF‐κB activation to examine whether it can be used as a prognostic factor in ESCC.MethodsWe investigated CARD9 expression immunohistochemically in clinical samples obtained from 93 patients with ESCC who underwent curative esophagectomy. CARD9 expression was analyzed for correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and ESCC prognosis. The molecular effects were investigated by knocking down ESCC cells. Comprehensive RNA expression changes in these ESCC cells were detected by next‐generation sequencing (NGS).ResultsHigh CARD9 expression is significantly correlated with advanced tumor depth (P < .001), positive lymph node metastasis (P = .005) and advanced stage (P = .001). Kaplan‐Meier method and the log‐rank test showed that overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) were significantly poor in the high CARD9 expression group (OS: P = .027, DFS: P = .005). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that high CARD9 expression is a significant poor prognostic factor for DFS. Cell proliferation and migration were suppressed by CARD9 knockdown. NGS detected altered the expression of some RNAs including maternally expressed 3 (MEG3).ConclusionHigh CARD9 expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, CARD9 expression may be a prospective prognostic biomarker in ESCC.
Monochromatic Composite Right/Left Handedness in the Quantized Composite Right/Left Handed Transmission Line
Authors: Zhao Shun‐Cai , Lin Xin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMacro composite right/left handedness (CRLH) signifies positive/negative refraction index in different frequency bands in the composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL). In this paper, the refraction index of a quantized CRLH‐TL in the thermal squeezed state is visited. Performing explicit calculations on the squeezed parameters and electronic components' parameters, a novel regime for implementing CRLH with a single operating frequency via the squeezed parameters and electronic components' parameters is found. The definitely different monochromatic CRLH enriches the initial definition of CRLH, and may propose a novel direction to implement CRLH in metamaterials.
Recovery of metals and complexant in wastewater by shear induced dissociation coupling with ultrafiltration
Authors: Zhou Han , Qiu Yun‐Ren , Le Hui‐Shang 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTHeavy metals (Pb (II), Hg (II), and Cd (II)) in ore dressing wastewater (ODW) were selectively separated by shear‐induced dissociation coupling with ultrafiltration (SID‐UF) using polyacrylic acid sodium (PAAS) as complexant. Metals (Pb (II), Hg (II), and Cd (II)) were complexed with PAAS and rejected by ultrafiltration membrane at first. The effects of pH and P/M (mass ratio of polymer to metal ions) on the rejection were investigated and the suitable pH and P/M were obtained, at which the rejection arrived at almost 100%. For the recovery of metals and polymer complexant from the retained, the shear stabilities of PAA‐metal (PAA‐M) complexes were studied, and the critical shear rates of PAA‐Pb, PAA‐Hg, and PAA‐Cd complexes at pH 7.0 were 2.72 × 10,5 2.42 × 105 and 2.01 × 105 s−1, respectively. According to the difference of the critical shear rates of the PAA‐M complexes, SID‐UF was used to recover Pb (II), Hg (II), Cd (II) and PAAS. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48854.
What is the ocean: A sea‐change in our perceptions and values?
Authors: Rock Jenny , Sima Ellen , Knapen Manon 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Throughout human history, the ocean has occupied myriad cultural meanings, mythologies and practices, which were often founded on a notion of the sea as being so large and ‘powerful’ as to be immune to human impacts. These conceptions were grounded in observations from the surface or shoreline, and in periods when human activities in the ocean were more technologically and spatially limited than they are today.
Advancements in science and technology have significantly altered how humans interact with and access the ocean, allowing exploration and exploitation of ocean areas and processes that were previously incomprehensible. This new capacity to understand and extract from the ocean might be expected to profoundly alter human relationships to it and conceptions of it.
As public support and engagement with marine conservation and ‘blue economies’ stem from value and belief systems, future marine management will benefit from recognizing our historical marine relationships as context for changes in understanding, use, and the increasing environmental degradation faced by the ocean. This review focuses on perspectives of the ocean that have been held historically and queries their future persistence at this potential turning point in our relationship with the ocean.
The evolution of magnetic field and spin‐down of young pulsars
Authors: Gao Zhi‐Fu , Peng Fang‐Kun , Wang Na 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHere, we summarize our recent work on the evolution of magnetic field and spin‐down of young pulsars including high‐B pulsars and magnetars. Our work includes the following three parts: (a) Based on the estimated ages of their potentially associated supernova remnants (SNRs), we estimate the values of the mean braking indices of eight magnetars with SNRs and find that five magnetars have smaller mean braking indices of 1 < n < 3, and we interpret them within a combination of magnetodipole radiation and wind‐aided braking. (b) The low braking index of n = 0.9(2) for PSR J1734‐3333 could undergo a supercritical accretion soon after its formation in a supernova explosion. The buried multipole magnetic fields will merge into a dipole magnetic field. Retaining the current field growth index ϵ = 1.34, this pulsar will become a magnetar with dBp∼6.2(2) × 1014 G and dBp∼1.06(4) × 1015 G after 50 kyrs and 100 kys, respectively. (c) By introducing a mean rotation energy conversion coefficient and combining the pulsar's high‐energy and timing observations with a reliable nuclear equation of state, we estimate the initial spin period, initial dipole magnetic field, and true age of PSR J1640‐4631. For this source, its measured high braking index n = 3.15(3) is attributed to a long‐term dipole magnetic field decay, and its soft X‐ray emission is attributed to anisotropic heating.
Efficacy of Social Story Intervention in Training Toothbrushing Skills Among Special‐Care Children With and Without Autism
Authors: Zhou Ni , Wong Hai Ming , McGrath Colman 
Published: December 2019

Toothbrushing is a routine practice for oral hygiene maintenance. It is also a challenging task for young children with special care needs. In this study, social stories were employed to teach toothbrushing skills for preschool children with special needs. Those children were recruited from the Special Child Care Centers, including 87 children with autism and 94 children without autism. A validated toothbrushing social story was used to demonstrate the toothbrushing procedure for all the recruited children. Parents were encouraged to show the stories to their children before or during their daily toothbrushing. Children's toothbrushing performance, oral hygiene status, and gingival health status were assessed at baseline and 6 months. Toothbrushing performance, oral hygiene, and gingival status of the recruited children were significantly improved after using social stories. Moreover, children with autism showed better oral hygiene status (P = 0.01) and better gingival status (P < 0.001) than their peers without autism. However, there were no significant differences in the toothbrushing performance among children with and without autism. The regression models indicated that the improvement of children's toothbrushing performance and oral health status were associated with children's intellectual functioning and parents' attitudes toward the usefulness of social story intervention. The principal findings suggested that social story intervention could be used to improve toothbrushing skills among children with or without autism, while it was more efficient in improving the oral hygiene status among children with autism. Autism Res 2020, 13: 666–674. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryToothbrushing is considered as a basic self‐care practice that should be advocated in early childhood. We used social stories to train toothbrushing skills among preschoolers with special care needs. The toothbrushing skills of the recruited children were significantly improved after 6‐months intervention, and children with autism showed better oral hygiene status than their peers without autism. These findings suggested that social story‐based health promotion could be implemented among children with special needs.
Compressed Nanolamella‐Stacked Ni(OH)2/NiCo2O4 Composite as Electrode for Battery‐Type Supercapacitor
Authors: Guo Chunli , Wang Huaiyan , Ren Xiaochuan , Zhang Weike , Hou Lifeng , Wei Yinghui , Bai Zhongchao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTransition metal oxides/hydroxides as electrode materials for supercapacitors have drawn great attention in the past decades. However, the large volume expansion during the cycling always leads to capacity decrease and short cycle life. In this paper, a compressed Ni(OH)2/NiCo2O4 nanolamellas composite grown on nickel foam is synthesized by a one‐step hydrothermal method towards the enhanced performance of supercapacitors. The resulting Ni(OH)2/NiCo2O4 composite displays unexpectedly excellent cycle stability both in single‐electrode cycling (112 % after 90,000 cycles at 5 mA cm−2) and hybrid supercapacitor cycling (124 % after 80,000 cycles at 1 A g−1). The excellent electrochemical performances are attributed to the unique compressed nanolamella‐stacked architecture, which can not only accommodate the volume expansion, but also increase the contact area between the electrode and electrolyte.
Effect of γ‐irradiation on thermal and thermoluminescence properties of polystyrene/europium (III) oxide composite film
Authors: Bhavsar Shilpa , Singh N.L. , Singh Birendra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the present study, polystyrene:europium (III) oxide polymer films at a ratio of 95:5 wt% were prepared using a solution casting technique. These polymeric films were irradiated with 5, 25 and 50 kGy γ‐radiation doses and their thermoluminescence (TL) and thermal properties were studied as a function of radiation dose. Analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed different modes of vibration and polymer–filler interaction. Reduction of vibrational modes with radiation dose was observed. The TL glow curve intensity was observed to increase with increasing radiation dose and to become broader in the 378 K and 444 K regions. Detrapping of electrons implied by the glow curve was caused by thermally induced macromolecular motion, concurrent with β‐relaxation in polystyrene. The TL glow curve parameters were computed using a glow curve deconvolution method. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with increase in dose, suggesting crosslinking of the polymer chain. Scanning electron microscopy analysis evidenced the change in surface morphology due to γ‐irradiation.
The potential population‐based impact of an HPV vaccination intervention in Colorado
Authors: Cataldi Jessica R. , Håbesland Marian , Anderson‐Mellies Amy , Dempsey Amanda F. , Cockburn Myles 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and can be prevented with vaccination, but HPV vaccination rates remain low. An intervention to improve health care provider communication about vaccination has been shown to increase HPV vaccination rates in an initial trial in Colorado, where about 160 cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed each year.MethodsCensus data were combined with Colorado cancer and immunization registry data to identify clinics in locations that would most benefit from implementation of this intervention to improve HPV vaccination rates. ArcGIS Pro was used to map cervical cancer incidence, immunization rates, population data, and location of clinics participating in practice‐based research networks (PBRNs). Results from the provider communication intervention trial and published estimates of the number needed to vaccinate to prevent a case of cervical cancer were used to predict the number of cervical cancer cases prevented based on increased vaccination due to the intervention.ResultsNinety‐eight Colorado PBRN clinics were analyzed. For the 10 clinics with the highest predicted number of cervical cancer cases prevented, 5218 additional patients would be vaccinated and 43 cervical cancer cases prevented with implementation of the intervention. If implemented in all 98 clinics, the intervention would lead to 20 490 additional patients vaccinated (range 7‐658/clinic) and 171 cases of cervical cancer prevented (range 0.05‐5.48/clinic).ConclusionsGeographic data from cancer and immunization registries can inform the dissemination of evidence‐based practices like the provider communication intervention for HPV vaccination to maximize impact on public health.
In Situ Acetaldehyde Synthesis for Carboligation Reactions
Authors: Biewenga Lieuwe , Kunzendorf Andreas , Poelarends Gerrit J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe enzyme 4‐oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4‐OT) can promiscuously catalyze various carboligation reactions using acetaldehyde as a nucleophile. However, the highly reactive nature of acetaldehyde requires intricate handling, which can impede its usage in practical synthesis. Therefore, we investigated three enzymatic routes to synthesize acetaldehyde in situ in one‐pot cascade reactions with 4‐OT. Two routes afforded practical acetaldehyde concentrations, using an environmental pollutant, trans‐3‐chloroacrylic acid, or a bio‐renewable, ethanol, as starting substrate. These routes can be combined with 4‐OT catalyzed Michael‐type additions and aldol condensations in one pot. This modular systems biocatalysis methodology provides a stepping stone towards the development of larger artificial metabolic networks for the practical synthesis of important chemical synthons.
Tackling Achilles’ Heel in Synthetic Biology: Pairing Intracellular Synthesis of Noncanonical Amino Acids with Genetic‐Code Expansion to Foster Biotechnological Applications
Authors: Biava Hernán D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor the last two decades, synthetic biologists have been able to unlock and expand the genetic code, generating proteins with unique properties through the incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs). These evolved biomaterials have shown great potential for applications in industrial biocatalysis, therapeutics, bioremediation, bioconjugation, and other areas. Our ability to continue developing such technologies depends on having relatively easy access to ncAAs. However, the synthesis of enantiomerically pure ncAAs in practical quantitates for large‐scale processes remains a challenge. Biocatalytic ncAA production has emerged as an excellent alternative to traditional organic synthesis in terms of cost, enantioselectivity, and sustainability. Moreover, biocatalytic synthesis offers the opportunity of coupling the intracellular generation of ncAAs with genetic‐code expansion to overcome the limitations of an external supply of amino acid. In this minireview, we examine some of the most relevant achievements of this approach and its implications for improving technological applications derived from synthetic biology.
Phosphorylation of Dab2 is involved in inhibited VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling induced by downregulation of syndecan‐1 in glomerular endothelial cell
Authors: Jing Zhou , Jia‐jun Wu , Wei‐jie Yuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDisabled‐2 (Dab2) and PAR‐3 (partitioning defective 3) are reported to play critical roles in maintaining retinal microvascular endothelial cells biology by regulating VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling. The role of Dab2 and PAR‐3 in glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) is unclear. In this study, we found that, no matter whether with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment or not, decreased expression of Dab2 could lead to cell apoptosis by preventing activation of VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling in GEnC, accompanied by reduced membrane VEGFR‐2 expression. And silencing of PAR‐3 gene expression caused increased apoptosis of GEnC by inhibiting activation of VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling and membrane VEGFR‐2 expression. In our previous research, we found that the silencing of syndecan‐1 gene expression inhibited VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling by modulating internalization of VEGFR‐2. And our further research demonstrated that downregulation of syndecan‐1 lead to no significant change in the expression of Dab2 and PAR‐3 both at messenger RNA and protein levels in GEnC, while phosphorylation of Dab2 was significantly increased in GEnC transfected with Dab2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) compared with control siRNA. Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) could induce phosphorylation of Dab2, thus negatively regulating VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling. And we found that decreased expression of syndecan‐1 lead to activation of aPKC, and aPKC inhibitor treatment could block phosphorylation of Dab2 in GEnC. Besides, aPKC inhibitor treatment could activate VEGF‐VGEFR‐2 signaling in GEnC transfected with syndecan‐1 siRNA in a dose‐dependent manner. In conclusion, we speculated that phosphorylation of Dab2 is involved in preventing activation of VEGF‐VEGFR‐2 signaling in GEnC transfected with syndecan‐1 siRNA. This provides a new target for the therapy of GEnC injury and kidney disease.
NEAT1/miR‐193a‐3p/SOX5 axis regulates cartilage matrix degradation in human osteoarthritis
Authors: Liu Feng , Liu Xiangyang , Yang Yue , Sun Zhibo , Deng Shuang , Jiang Zhongping , Li Wen , Wu Fei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were reported to be involved in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this work was to explore the functional role of lncRNA nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in OA. Reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was employed to analyze the expression of microRNA (miR‐193a)‐3p, NEAT1, and sex‐determining region Y‐box protein 5 (SOX5), as well as the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and IL‐8 in OA cartilage tissue and chondrocytes. In addition, flow cytometry was used to measure the apoptosis of chondrocytes. The protein levels of extracellular matrix ACAN, collagen type II α1 chain (Col2a1), matrix metalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3), MMP‐13, a disintegrin, and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)‐5 and SOX5 were determined using western blot analysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the target relationship among NEAT1, miR‐193a‐3p, and SOX5. We found that miR‐193a‐3p expression was downregulated, while NEAT1 and SOX5 were upregulated in OA cartilage tissue and chondrocytes. Both upregulation of miR‐193a‐3p and knockdown of NEAT1 suppressed inflammation, apoptosis, and reduced the protein levels of MMP‐3, MMP‐13, and ADAMTS‐5, while elevating ACAN and Col2a1 expression in chondrocytes. NEAT1 targeted miR‐193a‐3p, and SOX5 was targeted by miR‐193a‐3p. Silencing of miR‐193a‐3p reversed the NEAT1 knockdown‐mediated effect on the inflammation, apoptosis, and production of the extracellular matrix. The introduction of SOX5 abolished the impact of the upregulation of miR‐193a‐3p on inflammation, apoptosis, and production of extracellular matrix in chondrocytes. In conclusion, NEAT1/miR‐193a‐3p/SOX5 axis regulates cartilage matrix degradation in human OA.
Thirty‐day readmissions after transcatheter versus surgical mitral valve repair in high‐risk patients with mitral regurgitation: Analysis of the 2014–2015 Nationwide readmissions databases
Authors: Lima Fabio V. , Kolte Dhaval , Rofeberg Valerie , Molino Janine , Zhang Zheng , Elmariah Sammy , Aronow Herbert D. , Abbott J. Dawn , Ben Assa Eyal , Khera Sahil , Gordon Paul C. , Inglessis Ignacio , Palacios Igor F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveDetermine the rates, reasons, predictors, and costs of 30‐day readmissions following transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) versus surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR) in the United States.BackgroundData on 30‐day readmissions after TMVR are limited.MethodsHigh‐risk patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) undergoing TMVR or SMVR were identified from the 2014–2015 Nationwide Readmissions Databases. Multivariable stepwise regression models were used to identify independent predictors of 30‐day readmission. Risk of 30‐day readmission was compared between the two groups using univariate and propensity score adjusted regression models.ResultsAmong 8,912 patients undergoing mitral valve repair during 2014–2015 (national estimate 17,809), we identified 7,510 (84.7%) that underwent SMVR and 1,402 (15.3%) that underwent TMVR. Thirty‐day readmission rates after SMVR and TMVR were 10.7% and 11.7%, respectively (unadjusted OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.89–1.39, p = .35). After propensity score adjustment, TMVR was associated with a lower risk of 30‐day readmissions compared with SMVR (adjusted OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.95, p = .02). Heart failure and arrhythmias were the leading cardiac reasons for readmission. Anemia and fluid and electrolyte disorder were independent predictors of 30‐day readmission after TMVR. Demographics, comorbidities, and length of stay were independent predictors of 30‐day readmission after SMVR.ConclusionsOne in 10 patients are readmitted within 30 days following TMVR or SMVR. Approximately half of the readmissions are for cardiac reasons. The predictors of 30‐day readmission are different among patients undergoing TMVR and SMVR, but can be easily screened for to identify patients at highest risk for readmission.