bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compliance with national guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in hip fracture patients: a quality assessment study of 13 329 patients in the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register
Authors: Lian Tom , Dybvik Eva , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Dale Håvard , Westberg Marianne , Nordsletten Lars , Figved Wender 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveWe assessed compliance with new guidelines for prophylactic antibiotics in hip fracture surgery in Norway introduced in 2013.DesignThe data from the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register was used to assess the proportion of antibiotics given according to the national guidelines.SettingAll hospitals in Norway performing hip fracture surgery in the period from 2011 to 2016.ParticipantsWe studied 13 329 hemiarthroplasties (HAs) for acute hip fracture.Main outcome measureType and timing between first and last dose of prophylactic antibiotics compared with the national guidelines.ResultsBefore the guidelines were introduced, the recommended drugs cephalotin or clindamycin was used in only 86.2% of all HAs. In 2016, one of the two recommended drugs was administered in 99.2% of HAs. However, hospitals’ adaption of the recommended administration of the two drugs improved slowly, and by the end of the study period, only three out of five HAs were performed with the correct drug administered in the correct manner. We found major differences in compliance between hospitals.ConclusionsThe change towards correct administration of antibiotic prophylaxis was varied both when investigating university and non-university hospitals. We suggest that both hospital leaders and the national Directorate of Health need to investigate routines for better dissemination of information and education to involved parties. Strong leadership concerning evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery may take away some autonomy from executing healthcare professionals, but will result in better patient care and antibiotic stewardship.
Association of body mass index on disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liew Jean W , Huang Irvin J , Louden Diana N , Singh Namrata , Gensler Lianne S 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesIn axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with worse outcomes including response to biologics. Further clarity is needed on whether BMI is associated with disease activity overall, independent of treatment response. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between BMI and disease activity as reported by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) or Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) in axSpA.MethodsWe systematically searched for studies evaluating BMI and disease activity as the exposure and outcome of interest, respectively, in axSpA. Using random effects models, we estimated summary standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs of BASDAI or ASDAS, comparing obese (BMI>30 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (BMI>25 kg/m2) individuals to those with normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2).ResultsTwelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. Among all studies reporting the BASDAI at baseline, the pooled SMD of the BASDAI for those with an obese or overweight/obese BMI compared to a normal BMI was 0.38 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.55, I2=75.2%), indicating a significant association of higher BMI with higher BASDAI score. The pooled SMD of the ASDAS for those with an obese or overweight/obese BMI compared to a normal BMI was 0.40 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.54, I2=0%). Findings were robust across subgroup analyses.ConclusionThese results demonstrate an association between an overweight/obese BMI and higher disease activity in studies of axSpA. Future longitudinal studies of BMI and disease activity should assess how this association changes over time.
Auger cascades leading to higher charged states in xenon driven by an X-ray free-electron-laser pulse
Authors: Banks Henry I. B. , Hadjipittas Antonis , Emmanouilidou Agapi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe study the interaction of xenon with an 850 eV photon energy FEL pulse. We compute single-photon ionisation cross sections and Auger rates by adopting to atoms a formalism we previously developed for diatomic molecules. In this formulation, a bound orbital is expressed as a sum of wave functions each corresponding to a differentlquantum number. In contrast, in previous formulations only onelquantum number is associated with a bound orbital. As a result, in the non-relativistic regime, the description of the bound states is more accurate in our computations. Employing a Monte-Carlo technique, we find that our results for the ion state yields of xenon compare well with experimental results. Moreover, we find that when xenon is driven by two FEL pulses of the same energy but different pulse duration, higher-charged states are produced in the case of the longer duration and less intense laser pulse. An analysis of the ionization pathways reveals that less single-photon absorptions underlie the formation of each higher-charged state for the longer duration pulse compared to the shorter one. We find that the reason for the formation of higher-charged states for the longer duration pulse is the prevalence of Auger cascades.Graphical abstract
Hydrogenated gold clusters from helium nanodroplets: displacement of H2 by H2O
Authors: Lundberg Linnea , Martini Paul , Goulart Marcelo , Gatchell Michael , Bohme Diethard K. , Scheier Paul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Cationic clusters of gold, containing up to 8 atoms, and decorated with molecular hydrogen and water, were investigated with mass spectrometry. The clusters were grown as neutrals in superfluid helium nanodroplets that were ionized by electron impact. The resulting gas phase cluster cations exhibit magic sizes corresponding to the number of H2 molecules that form the first solvation layer, consistent with previous findings. The presence of water is found to efficiently displace hydrogen, one H2 molecule for each H2O. Our calculations show that the binding energy of water to the charged gold clusters is about twice as large as for hydrogen, though this depends on the charge of the clusters. This suggests that residual water could reduce the efficiency for metal particles to chemically store hydrogen gas, a promising technique for hydrogen fuel storage.

Graphical abstract
Triassic mudstones of the Central North Sea: cross-border characterization, correlation and their palaeoclimatic significance
Authors: Archer Stuart G. , McKie Tom , Andrews Steven D. , Wilkins Anne D. , Hutchison Matt , Young-Ziolkowski Nathan , Osunde Christabel , Matheson Joanna , Thackrey Scott , Lang Marcus , Sola Bente , Mouritzen Christoffer , Perrell Chris , Greenwood Mark , Mauritzen Emil , Tenepalli Srinivas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Triassic of the Central North Sea is a continental succession that contains prolific hydrocarbon-bearing fluvial sandstone reservoirs stratigraphically partitioned by mudstones. Within the Skagerrak Formation of the UK sector, hydrocarbon accumulations in the Judy, Joanne and Josephine Sandstone members are top sealed by the Julius, Jonathan and Joshua Mudstone members, respectively. However, UK and Norwegian stratigraphic correlations have been problematical for decades, largely due to biostratigraphic challenges but also due to the non-uniqueness of the lithotypes and because the cross-border stratigraphic nomenclature differs and has yet to be rationalized. This study focuses on mudstones rather than sandstones to unify cross-border correlation efforts at a regional scale. The mudstone members have been characterized by integrating sedimentological, petrophysical and geophysical data. The facies are indicative of playa lakes that frequently desiccated and preserved minor anhydrite. These conditions alternated with periods of marshy, palustrine conditions favourable for the formation of dolostones. Regional correlations have detected lateral facies changes in the mudstones which are important for their seismically mappable extents, resulting palaeogeographies and, ultimately, their competency as intraformational top seals. Significant diachroneity is associated with the lithological transitions at sandstone–mudstone member boundaries and although lithostratigraphic surfaces can be used as timelines over short distances (e.g. within a field), they should not be assumed to represent timelines over longer correlation lengths. Palaeoclimatic trends are interpreted and compared to those of adjacent regions to test the extent and impact of climate change as a predictive allogenic forcing factor on sedimentation. Mudstone member deposition occurred as a result of the retreat of large-scale terminal fluvial systems during a return to more arid ‘background’ climatic conditions. The cause of the member-scale climatic cyclicity observed within the Skagerrak Formation may be related to volcanic activity in large igneous provinces which triggered the episodic progradation of fluvial systems.
Synthetic High-density Lipoprotein Nanodiscs for Personalized Immunotherapy Against Gliomas
Authors: Scheetz Lindsay , Kadiyala Padma , Sun Xiaoqi , Son Sejin , Hassani Najafabadi Alireza , Aikins Marisa , Lowenstein Pedro R. , Schwendeman Anna , Castro Maria G. , Moon James J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Gliomas are brain tumors with dismal prognoses. The standard-of-care treatments for gliomas include surgical resection, radiation, and temozolomide administration; however, they have been ineffective in providing significant increases in median survival. Antigen-specific cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint blockade may provide promising immunotherapeutic approaches for gliomas.

Experimental Design:
We have developed immunotherapy delivery vehicles based on synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL) loaded with CpG, a Toll-like receptor-9 agonist, and tumor-specific neoantigens to target gliomas and elicit immune-mediated tumor regression.

Results:
We demonstrate that vaccination with neoantigen peptide-sHDL/CpG cocktail in combination with anti–PD-L1 immune checkpoint blocker elicits robust neoantigen-specific T-cell responses against GL261 cells and eliminated established orthotopic GL261 glioma in 33% of mice. Mice remained tumor free upon tumor cell rechallenge in the contralateral hemisphere, indicating the development of immunologic memory. Moreover, in a genetically engineered murine model of orthotopic mutant IDH1 (mIDH1) glioma, sHDL vaccination with mIDH1 neoantigen eliminated glioma in 30% of animals and significantly extended the animal survival, demonstrating the versatility of our approach in multiple glioma models.

Conclusions:
Overall, our strategy provides a general roadmap for combination immunotherapy against gliomas and other cancer types.
Hybrid control strategies of SVC for reactive power compensation
Authors: Sh. Aziz Mothanna , G. Abdullah Ahmed 
Published: May 2020

<span>This article shows a prospective utilizations of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controls, like the static VAR compensator (SVC). One of the major motives for setting up an SVC is to recover dynamic voltage controller and thus increase system load aptitude. Static VAR compensator system proposed in this work consists of thyristor switched capacitor and thyristor controlled reactor sets, this style of SVC modelled using MATLAB simulink toolbox. A hybrid genetic algorithm with PI and fuzzy logic controls that used to control and expand the grid performance of the power system. The model results reveal that the Static Var Compensation contribute a decent result in upholding bus voltage after the power network is in an active and steady moment, besides it has a capability of the constancy control. It can totally work as a significant plan of reactive power recompense in power networks. </span>
Voltage sag compensation using direct converter based DVR by modulating the error signal
Authors: Rahman S. Abdul , Dagnew Estifanos 
Published: May 2020

<p class="Text"><span>The aim of this paper is to present a modulation technique to achieve highest voltage sag compensation using direct converter based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The DVR topology proposed in this paper, has a direct converter and a series transformer. The direct converter is fabricated using only two bi-directional switches. The DVR is designed to compensate the sag in a phase by taking power from the same phase. The direct converter is connected between the series transformer and the line in which sag compensation is to be achieved. Conventionally, the PWM pulses for the direct converters are produced by comparing the error signal with the carrier signal. The error signal is obtained by comparing the amplitude of voltage in the line with the amplitude of the reference voltage. If the amplitude of the carrier signal is kept constant and the actual amplitude of error signal is used for PWM generation, it is possible to achieve only 22% of voltage sag compensation. But if the error signal amplitude is modulated according to the amplitude of existing voltage sag in the line, 52% of the voltage sag can be compensated with the THD less than 5%. Simulation results are presented for validating the analysis. </span></p>
Superconductor fault current limiter effect on the performance of doubly-fed induction generators
Authors: Mohammadi Farzaneh , Molaei Mohammad 
Published: May 2020

<span>Between different wind turbine-generator configurations, one of the most accepted and highly regarded structures in the industry is the wind turbine with doubly-fed induction generator. The DFIG wind turbines are very sensitive to grid disturbances especially to voltage drop during grid faults due to relatively low power of the power converters. Fault in a power system causes voltage drop, current increase in stator and rotor coils, and over voltage in the DC shin. Several control methods have been proposed so far. A model based on power electronic instruments and superconductor theory, superconductor fault current limiter (SCFCL), has been proposed in this paper to improve domain and the attenuation time of the parameters under control such as voltage, current, and speed and voltage of the DC link against various types of faults (single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase). In addition to this, in order to compare the results with convectional models (crowbar) and study the innovation of the proposed model, a simulation of the system under two-phase fault and use of crowbar method to control the fault has been conducted using MATLAB-SIMULINK and also, the performance of the proposed method has been assessed. </span>
An empirical correlation of ambient temperature impact on PV module considering natural convection
Authors: Jadu Ali Kamil , Hasan Mohammad Ahmed , Thiab Hasan Ghanim 
Published: May 2020

<p><span>In this paper, the effect of the ambient temperature on the PV modules for different angles of inclinations and different intensities of the solar radiation on the surface of the PV module is considered by using empirical correlations for natural convection. An analytical model based on the energy balance equilibrium between the PV module and the environment conditions has been used. Also an expression for calculating the electric power of silicon PV modules in a function of the ambient temperature, the intensity of the solar radiation, the incident angle of the solar radiation to the surface of the PV module and the efficiency of the PV modules at STC conditions have been used. By comparing the obtained both results, it can be seen that the largest deviation between the power values obtained by the analytical model and expression is about (5 %). The results obtained indicates that in the case of a small number of PV modules corresponding to the required number for an average household, it is more economical to invest additional resources in increasing the PV module's surface area than in case of the PV module with sun tracking system. </span></p>
Enhanced routing for secured ad-hoc network
Authors: Kumaran U , Ramachandran A , Jegan J , Subramanian E.K. 
Published: May 2020

<p>A self-configured network forming an arbitrary topology of mobile routers through wireless connection is commonly referred as MANET (mobile ad-hoc network). Random movement of routers allows the network to organize arbitrarily hence rapid unpredictable changes may occur in the topology of the wireless network. When there is no possibility of setting up permanent networks, MANETs are set up for carrying out the operations temporarily. As there is no fixed frame for this system, usage of available resources for reliable communication is a great challenge for MANETs. The nodes participating in packet routing in ad-hoc networks faces security issues such as maintaining the confidentiality of the packets, integration, availability of the network to meet the traffic, requirement of authentication for reliable data communication etc. Dropping of packets maliciously in an attack is known as black hole attack.An attempt is made in this paper to detect dynamically using the security of cross layer called as honeypot and classify the mechanisms to understand the strengths &amp; threats of the protocols used for routing to suggest a concrete solution for the problems related to the mobile ad-hoc networks. The methodology of honeypot detects and isolates the attacks of the black hole. The results prove better delivery of packets with decreased load of the network.</p>
Experimentações Institucionais no Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Barcelona (MACBA) e seus diretores
Authors: Marziale Nicole 
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, realiza-se uma contextualização acerca da concepção do Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Barcelona (MACBA), enfatizando-se a gestão de Manuel Borja-Villel (1998-2008) como diretor, em que foram realizadas experimentações institucionais que visaram a aproximar o Museu, a cidade e a comunidade. Em seguida, é analisada a gestão de seu sucessor, Bartomeu Marí (2008-2015), a fim de verificarmos, a respeito da construção de uma “cultura institucional”, a proposição dessas experimentações institucionais no museu. Avalia-se, por um lado, a possibilidade de que a sustentação de proposições desse tipo esteja ancorada em figuras de diretores específicos. De outro, cabe questionarmos se as estruturas internas à instituição poderiam determinar e cercear a autonomia dos diretores em casos de eventuais conflitos de interesses.
Do cartaz ao mural
Authors: Freitas Patrícia Martins Santos 
Published: May 2020

Este artigo aborda a trajetória do artista italiano Bramante Buffoni e sua importância para a compreensão das artes aplicadas como signo da modernidade no Brasil. Buffoni chegou em São Paulo em 1953, onde trabalhou com diversos agentes importantes do ambiente cultural paulistano, como Pietro Maria Bardi e Francisco Matarazzo Sobrinho. O artista atuou de maneira ampla, com diversos meios e técnicas, desde a linguagem gráfica dos cartazes até o campo da decoração de interiores. A presença da obra de Buffoni no acervo moderno do Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo nos propõe o entendimento dessa coleção a partir de uma renovada abordagem, que seja ampla e inclua uma gama expandida de objetos de arte.
Merda de artista para além da iconoclastia
Authors: Vidal Junior Icaro Ferraz 
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo propõe um aprofundamento da crítica de Merda de artista (1961), de Piero Manzoni. Com o intuito de nos afastarmos da hipertrofia do aspecto iconoclasta atribuído à obra por parcelas substanciais da crítica, contextualizamos a edição a partir de sua relação com outras obras do artista e com a poética de importantes intercessores, notadamente, Yves Klein e Marcel Duchamp. Questões relacionadas às articulações entre experiência estética e economia política e à clivagem entre a obra de Manzoni e o informalismo foram mobilizadas na construção de um solo a partir do qual as teses de Germano Celant sobre o artista pudessem ser tensionadas e os fundamentos culturais que perpassam a recepção de Merda de artista pudessem ser vislumbrados.
A conjuração dos mortos
Authors: Sartorelli Alberto José Colosso 
Published: May 2020

Ainda seguindo os paradigmas da forma da pintura histórica, David se utilizou dos feitos da Antiguidade Clássica não só como orientação moral, mas como posicionamento político e orientação prática na então emergente revolução iniciada na França. Os litores trazendo a Brutus os corpos de seus filhos (1789) é um exemplo de caráter republicano por excelência e, por isso, também de ação revolucionária no contexto da monarquia. Após a Revolução, David pintou Marat assassinado (1793), obra em que, valendo-se da forma da pintura histórica, retratou um personagem e um tema da história contemporânea. Finalmente a França, agora republicana, era digna de ser representada em uma pintura histórica.
Art History and Other Stories
Authors: Berthoud Luiza Esper 
Published: May 2020

Through the analysis of one erroneous piece of art criticism, an essay by Goethe that re-imagines a lost ancient sculpture, I demonstrate the difficulty that the discipline of art history has with conceptualizing the experience of art making and how one ought to respond to it. I re-examine the relationship between art making and art appreciation informed by ideas such as the Aristotelian view of Poiesis, Iris Murdoch’s praise of art in an unreligious age, and Giorgio Agamben’s call for the unity between poetry and philosophy. I also argue that much of modern art criticism has forgotten Arts’ earlier conceptual vocation, and propose methods of appreciating art that are in themselves artistic.
A utopia do livro-monumento
Authors: Marcelino Vitor 
Published: May 2020

O seguinte artigo busca apresentar um recuo histórico com o intuito de compreender como a tradicional concepção de livro foi reformulada no período de vanguarda, especialmente a russa, a partir da incorporação da fotografia em sua estrutura. Nesse processo, privilegiaremos o estudo sobre as contaminações entre cinema, literatura, revistas e jornais ilustrados, cartazes e design de exposições para que possamos compreender, de modo histórico, o aspecto híbrido dado ao livro fotográfico. Teremos como foco as produções e reflexões teóricas do artista El Lissitzky (1890-1941) e dos cineastas Dziga Vertov (1896-1954) e Sergei Eisenstein (1898-1948) em aproximação com os escritos do filósofo alemão Walter Benjamin (1892-1940).
Vocês não reconhecerão mais os frutos pelos seus gostos
Authors: Oliveira Natalia Belasalma de 
Published: May 2020

Este artigo examina parte da produção teórica e artística que Arthur Omar realiza nas décadas de 1970 e 1980. A partir de comentários gerais sobre a obra do cineasta, o texto localiza sua filmografia no cenário da produção moderna brasileira e discute sua teoria do “antidocumentário”, verificando, inclusive, as afinidades dessa abordagem com o “cinema de poesia”, de Pier Paolo Pasolini. Por fim, analisa Música Barroca Mineira, curta-metragem de 1981 que aborda aquilo que Omar chama de “civilização barroca” e mostra como um filme poderia assimilar à sua própria tessitura as características de seu objeto.