bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The levels of bioactive ingredients in Citrus aurantium L. at different harvest periods and antioxidant effects on H2O2‐induced RIN‐m5F cells
Authors: Tang Qi , Zhang Ruiying , Zhou Jiali , Zhao Kanghong , Lu Ying , Zheng Yajie , Wu Changqiao , Chen Feng , Mu Detian , Ding Zixuan , Xie Hongqi , He Yingjie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCitrus aurantium L. (Aurantii fructus) is a multi‐purpose citrus fruit with high medicinal and nutritional value, but currently there are no data that can be used to investigate the appropriate harvest time to obtain high‐quality citrus bioactive ingredients from it.RESULTSPhytochemicals and the levels of the main bioactive ingredients were investigated by ultra high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF/MS). The flavanone, polymethoxyflavone, coumarin, synephrine, and limonin content in the citrus fruit was analyzed at different harvest periods, and significant differences, ranging from 0.03 ± 0.01 to 116.26 ± 40.20 g kg−1 (DW), were shown. These compounds were present in higher amounts in June and then decreased gradually, while the biomass accumulation of most of them showed an increasing tendency around harvest time. The H2O2‐induced RIN‐m5F cells model was employed to evaluate their antioxidant capacity. Citrus fruit harvested from June 11 to July 7 possessed an excellent antioxidant capacity by inhibiting the intensity of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P < 0.01) and improving superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) activity (P < 0.01). The chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of citrus leaves, stems, and roots were also evaluated, and these showed great variation compared with other citrus fruits. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that harvesting time was related closely to the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity.CONCLUSIONCitrus fruit can be appropriately harvested from June to early July when the levels of bioactive ingredients and antioxidant activity reach higher values. This research provides practical information for producing high‐quality citrus products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Proximal femur sarcomas with intra‐articular disease—Do intra‐articular resections provide adequate local control?
Authors: Nayak Prakash , Gupta Srinath , Patil Akshay , Gulia Ashish , Puri Ajay 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHip preserving (intra‐articular) resections for proximal femur sarcoma have better function compared to peri‐acetabular (extra‐articular) resections, which are more complex and morbid. But, do intra‐articular resections in selected cases with intra‐articular disease provide adequate local control?MethodExtra‐articular resection or intra‐articular resection in cases without pathologic fracture or away from joint/capsule was classified as a planned safe margin (SM). Circumferential removal of labrum without acetabular resection in cases without gross joint contamination was classified as planned close margins (CM). We analyzed local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS) (death as a competing event) for 86 proximal femur resections (SM = 55, CM = 31).ResultsThe 5 years LRFS was 84% (n = 6/55, 10%) in the SM group and 67% (n = 4/31, 12%) in the CM group. There was no worsening of local recurrence (LR) in the CM group (subdistribution hazard [sH] = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21‐2.29;P = .56). Poor chemotherapy‐induced necrosis predicted worse LR (sH = 0.1; 95% CI, 0.01‐0.8;P = .03). Overall survival was 16% (SE 8%) at 5 years with LR vs 64% (SE 7%) without LR (P = .0076).ConclusionIn proximal femur sarcomas with potential for involvement of the hip joint, a CM in selected cases did not worsen LR; providing an option for avoiding additional morbidity with extra‐articular resections.
Exosomal CLIC1 released by CLL promotes HUVECs angiogenesis by regulating ITGβ1‐MAPK/ERK axis
Authors: Geng Hua‐Yun , Feng Zhen‐Jun , Zhang Jing‐Jing , Li Guang‐Yao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAccumulating evidences have suggested that exosomes are closely associated with tumor progression by affecting cell‐cell communication. Here, we aimed to investigate the roles and regulatory mechanism of exosomes released from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The expression levels of genes and proteins in cells and exosomes were examined by quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. MEC‐1 cell‐derived exosomes were obtained and co‐cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), then the capabilities of cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis of HUVECs were measured by CCK‐8, wound healing, transwell and tube formation assay, respectively. Chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) was significantly increased in CLL patients and markedly enriched in exosomes secreted by CLL cells. Exosomal CLIC1 secreted from MEC‐1 cells were successfully transferred into HUVECs and significantly promoted the phenotypes of proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Mechanically, exosomal CLIC1 secreted from MEC‐1 cells obviously activated MAPK/ERK signaling through upregulating integrin β1 (ITGβ1) expression in HUVECs. Furthermore, rescue experiments revealed that either silencing ITGβ1 or PD98059 treatment obviously reversed the regulatory effects of exosomal CLIC1 secreted from MEC‐1 cells in HUVECs. In conclusion, CLL cell‐derived exosomes accelerated HUVECs metastasis and angiogenesis through transferring CLIC1 to regulate ITGβ1‐MAPK/ERK signaling, indicating that CLIC1 may be a therapeutic target of CLL exosomes in the tumor microenvironment.
Isolated Photonic Flatband with the Effective Magnetic Flux in a Synthetic Space Including the Frequency Dimension
Authors: Yu Danying , Yuan Luqi , Chen Xianfeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExploration of the flatband in photonics is fundamentally important, aiming to control the localization of light for potential applications in optical communications. Herein, the flatband physics is studied in a synthetic space including the frequency axis of light. A ring‐resonator array is used to construct a synthetic Lieb‐type lattice, where the modulation phase distribution supports a locally non‐zero effective magnetic flux pointing into the synthetic space. It is found that the flatband is isolated from other dispersive bands and the light can still be localized even with perturbation from the group velocity dispersion of the waveguide. This work points out a route towards manipulating the localization performance of a wavepacket of light along both the spatial dimension and the frequency dimension, which holds the potential implication for controlling the storage of optical information in dispersive materials.
Chain Extension, Phase Interface Reparation and Mechanical Property of Recycled Acrylonitrile‐Butadiene‐Styrene by Epoxidized Styrene‐Butadiene‐Styrene
Authors: Shu Luosheng , Li Yingchun , Li Jie , Wang Wengsheng , Vupputuri Sravanthi , Yang Dongdong , Dong Binbin , Cao Nuo , Pan Duo , Das Rajib , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe demand for processing recycled acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer plastics (R‐ABS) grows fast. Herein, epoxidized styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (ESBS) with reactive groups including polybutadiene (PB) phase, epoxidized polybutadiene (EPB) phase and polystyrene phase is prepared by modifying SBS with an in situ peroxyformic acid method. Both chain extension and phase interface reparation of R‐ABS are successfully reported by simple melt blending. Compared with R‐ABS, when ESBS content is 15 wt%, the average molecular weight (Mw) of the ESBS/R‐ABS is increased from 118.01 to 612.51 kDa. The particle size of the dispersed phase is decreased obviously. The compatibility between these two phases became better. The average notch impact strength of R‐ABS is 5.72 kJ m−2. When the ESBS content is 15 wt%, the average notch impact strength of ESBS/R‐ABS reaches 13.90 kJ m−2, which is increased by 143% compared with that of R‐ABS. The notch impact strength of ESBS/R‐ABS is close to that of virgin ABS. The reported high‐value usage of R‐ABS has a great potential for industrial‐scale applications.
Mechanical property evolution and life prediction of carbon fiber and pultruded carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate exposed to elevated temperatures
Authors: Li Chenggao , Xian Guijun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe fire resistance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite is a huge challenge for strengthening and repairing structures in civil engineering. In the present study, the effects of temperature exposure on the mechanical, thermal and microstructure properties of carbon fibers (~700°C) and CFRP plates (~300°C) with the bisphenol‐A epoxy matrix (E51) and hydantoin epoxy matrix (HY) were investigated. The thermal decomposition, void content, surface morphology, and internal microstructures were obtained to reveal the degradation mechanism of CFRP plates. Exposure at elevated temperatures brought about the obvious degradation of the tensile strength of carbon fiber and CFRP plate, and the final tensile strength retention rates of CFRP plates were 72.6% with the low glass transition temperature of CFRP (E51) and 72.3% with the high glass transition temperature of CFRP (HY), respectively. The allowable maximum exposure temperature was estimated to be 200°C to guarantee the desirable tensile stiffness for the CFPR plates. Oxidation of carbon fiber has an inhibition effect on the decomposition of E51 resin in CFRP (E51). By comparison, the decomposition of HY resin and oxidation of carbon fibers were independent in CFRP (HY). The increased void content of CFRP plates at elevated temperatures aggravated the debonding of fiber/resin interface and weakened the synchronous load‐bearing capacity between the fibers, which led to the decrease of mechanical properties. Finally, the rule‐of‐mixture and the elastic mechanics theory were applied to obtain the life prediction model of tensile strength of CFRP plate at elevated temperatures. According to the model, the limit exposure temperatures of tensile strength were 483°C for CFRP (E51) and 466°C for CFRP (HY), respectively.
The neural correlates of Chinese children's spontaneous trait inferences: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence
Authors: Jia Lei , Zhang Changjie , Heyman Gail D. , Wang Cheng , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe results of multiple behavioral investigations indicate that children can develop spontaneous trait inferences (STIs) starting from when they are 8–9 years of age. However, little is known about the neural correlates of STIs when they first develop. In the present study, we measured event‐related potentials (ERPs) and event‐related spectral perturbation (ERSP) using an N400 paradigm. Seventeen 9‐year‐old Chinese children were first instructed to remember facial photos and paired trait‐implying behaviors. Subsequently, they performed a lexical decision task in which faces were used to prime the inferred traits or their antonyms. Compared to the inferred traits, the antonyms exhibited a stronger amplitude on both N400 (370–500 ms) and negative slow wave (NSW; 550–800 ms). However, only N400 showed a right hemispheric dominance of STIs. In addition, ERSP results revealed stronger lower alpha band (7–10 Hz) activity for antonyms than inferred traits over the right parieto‐occipital area from 420 ms to 800 ms. These findings, coupled with the electroencephalography (EEG) source localization (standardized low‐resolution electromagnetic tomography [sLORETA]), provide evidence for a “monitoring‐control” two‐stage neural network.
Relating Self‐Reported Balance Problems to Sensory Organization and Dual‐Tasking in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Joseph Annie‐Lori C. , Lippa Sara M. , Moore Brian , Bagri Manjot , Row Jessica , Chan Leighton , Zampieri Cris 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundIndividuals who have experienced a traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have residual balance problems. It remains unclear whether these balance problems are driven by vestibular dysfunction or gait automaticity deficits, particularly in the chronic stages of TBI recovery, because most studies include only acute/subacute cases.ObjectivesCompare performance on the Sensory Organization Test vestibular score and Dual‐Task test in individuals with and without subjective balance problems at least 1 year after a TBI. Investigate the ability of each test to predict perceived balance problems.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingRehabilitation department within a single institution.ParticipantsFifty adults (21‐71 years) with a history of mild, moderate, or severe TBI 1 to 5 years following nonpenetrating TBI.InterventionsN/A.MethodsMeasures included the Dual‐Task test, Sensory Organization Test, Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and assessments of four cognitive domains and depression. Participants who endorsed “feeling dizzy” and “loss of balance” on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory were classified as symptomatic (n = 26) and others as asymptomatic (n = 24). T‐tests, chi‐square, and regression analyses predicting the Dizziness Handicap Inventory total score were performed.ResultsDual‐task gait cost was negatively associated with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (P = .044), controlling for depression and gender, whereas vestibular scores failed to predict balance‐related disability. Symptomatic individuals endorsed more balance problems (P < .001) and depression symptoms (P = .007), had poorer dual‐task cognitive output (P = .036), and slower dual‐task gait velocity (P = .036) than asymptomatic participants. Groups did not differ on Sensory Organization Test scores.ConclusionsThe nature of balance problems in chronic TBI may be related to automaticity of gait. These findings suggest that patients in the chronic stages of TBI may benefit from dual‐task assessments and interventions. Balance rehabilitation should be tailored to patient needs and assess cognition and affect.
Risk factors for atopic diseases and recurrent respiratory tract infections in children
Authors: Kansen Hannah M. , Lebbink Melanie A. , Mul Joeri , van Erp Francine C. , van Engelen Martine , de Vries Esther , Prevaes Sabine M. P. J. , Le Thuy My , van der Ent Cornelis K. , Verhagen Lilly M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe simultaneously increased prevalence of atopic diseases and decreased prevalence of infectious diseases might point to a link between the two entities. Past work mainly focused on either atopic diseases or recurrent infections. We aim to investigate whether risk factors for atopic diseases (ie, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and/or food allergy) differ from risk factors for recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) in children.MethodsCross‐sectional data were used from 5517 children aged 1 to 18 years who participated in an Electronic Portal for children between 2011 and 2019. Univariable/multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for any atopic disease and RRTIs.ResultsChildren aged ≥5 years were more likely to have any atopic disease (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.50‐2.77) and less likely to have RRTIs (OR: 0.68‐0.84) compared to children aged less than 5 years. Female sex (OR: 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63‐0.81), low birth weight (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57‐0.97) and dog ownership (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66‐0.95) reduced the odds of any atopic disease, but not of RRTIs. Daycare attendance (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02‐1.47) was associated with RRTIs, but not with atopic diseases. A family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and RRTIs was significantly associated with the same entity in children, with OR varying from 1.58 (95% CI: 1.35‐1.85) in allergic rhinitis to 2.20 (95% CI: 1.85‐2.61) in asthma.ConclusionRisk factors for atopic diseases are distinct from risk factors for RRTIs, suggesting that the changing prevalence of both entities is not related to shared risk factors.
The influence of Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation on gastroesophageal reflux in infants under the age of 1 year
Authors: Lievens Laure , Vandenplas Yvan , Vanlaethem Sylvie , Van Ginderdeuren Filip 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is an airway clearance technique used at any age to facilitate the removal of secretions from the respiratory tract. The effect of IPV on gastroesophageal reflux(GER) is not well documented. This study aimed to determine the influence of IPV on GER in infants.MethodsDuring a 24‐hour multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH monitoring (MII‐pH), infants in the intervention group received a20 minutes session of IPV in upright position, 2 hours postprandial. The control group received no intervention and was placed in the same position for 20 minutes, 2 hours postprandial. The number of reflux episodes (REs) during IPV as compared to the number of REs in the control group during the 20 minutes period.ResultsFifty infants were included in each group;21 infants in the IPV group and 14 infants in the control group were diagnosed with abnormal MII‐pH (P = .142). During IPV, the number of REs was significantly lower than in the control group (P < .001). Also in the subgroups with abnormal or normal MII‐pH, a significantly lower number of REs during IPV was found (P = .011, P = .011 respectively).ConclusionIPV decreases the number of REs in infants independent of the results of MII‐pH.
Nematotoxicity of a Cyt‐like protein toxin from Conidiobolus obscurus (Entomophthoromycotina) on the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Chen Shani , Lu Feng , Guo Kai , Huang Linlin , Su Xiu , Chen Ye 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a destructive pest on Pinus trees and lacks effective control measures. The present study identified a novel nematotoxic cytolytic (Cyt)‐like protein originating from the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus obscurus.RESULTSThe protein was successfully purified using heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and affinity chromatography. N‐hydroxysuccinimide‐rhodamine‐labeled Cyt‐like protein was used to establish the route of toxin uptake, and revealed that the toxin can enter the nematode via the stylet. In bioassays, the purified protein had high nematicide activity against B. xylophilus, with a median lethal concentration at 24 h of 15.8 and 29.4 μg mL–1 for juveniles and adults, respectively. Compared with the deionized water control, fecundity, thrashing, and egg hatching were significantly reduced by 97%, 98%, and 83%, respectively, with 40 μg mL–1 Cyt‐like protein at 24–36 h. Staining with Oil‐Red‐O showed a decrease in large lipid droplet formation in the protein‐treated adult nematodes.CONCLUSIONThe Cyt‐like protein toxin possesses high nematicide activity against B. xylophilus with effects on nematode vitality and fecundity. The potential exists to use the Cyt‐like protein for the control of B. xylophilus.
Toxicological and molecular profiling of insecticide resistance in a Brazilian strain of fall armyworm resistant to Bt Cry1 proteins
Authors: Boaventura Debora , Buer Benjamin , Hamaekers Niklas , Maiwald Frank , Nauen Ralf 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpodoptera frugiperda, fall armyworm (FAW) is the major pest of maize in Brazil and has readily acquired field resistance to a broad range of synthetic insecticides and to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins expressed in important crops. This study aims to understand patterns of cross‐resistance in FAW by investigating the toxicological profile of a Bt‐resistant Brazilian strain (Sf_Des) in comparison to a Bt‐susceptible strain (Sf_Bra).ResultsLaboratory bioassays with 15 active substances of nine mode of action classes revealed that Sf_Des has a medium level of resistance to deltamethrin and chlorpyrifos. Very high cross‐resistance was observed among Cry1 toxins, but high susceptibility against Vip3A. Strain Sf_Des exhibited – depending on the substrate – up to 19‐fold increased cytochrome P450 activity in comparison to Sf_Bra. RNA‐Seq data support a major role of P450 enzymes in the detoxification of insecticides because we detected 85 P450 transcripts upregulated in Sf_Des. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) analysis confirmed that CYP9A‐like and CYP6B39 are significantly upregulated (>200‐fold) in Sf_Des in comparison to Sf_Bra strain. No target‐site mutation linked to pyrethroid resistance was detected, but mutations in the AChE linked to organophosphate resistance were observed in Sf_Des. A Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG) categorized most of them into the biological process category, involved in oxidation–reduction and metabolic processes.ConclusionOur results indicate that multiple/cross‐resistance mechanisms may have developed in the Sf_Des strain to conventional insecticides and Bt insecticidal proteins. The systematic toxicological analysis presented will help to guide recommendations for an efficient resistance management. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of agro‐ecological landscape on the distribution of Culicoides obsoletus in northeast China
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Long , Liu Tao , Xiao Jianhua , Wang Hongbin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCulicoides obsoletus is an important pest for animal husbandry. In the world, it is a major vector of bluetongue disease, which has been added to the list of Class A Animal Diseases by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and must be reported in the event of an outbreak. Although numerous studies on Culicoides sampling in farms exist, the distribution of C. obsoletus in different landscapes remains unclear.RESULTSThis study aimed to assess the effect of landscape type on the distribution of C. obsoletus. Samples were collected using light traps during spring and fall. The effect of landscape type on the distribution of C. obsoletus samples was measured by the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). Results show that C. obsoletus mainly appears in forests and pastures.CONCLUSIONOur results may provide references for controlling the C. obsoletus population and provide suggestions of other areas that may also face the challenge of bluetongue.
Magnetic resonance imaging of human neural stem cells in rodent and primate brain
Authors: McGinley Lisa M. , Willsey Matthew S. , Kashlan Osama N. , Chen Kevin S. , Hayes John M. , Bergin Ingrid L. , Mason Shayna N. , Stebbins Aaron W. , Kwentus Jacquelin F. , Pacut Crystal , Kollmer Jennifer , Sakowski Stacey A. , Bell Caleb B. , Chestek Cynthia A. , Murphy Geoffrey G. , Patil Parag G. , Feldman Eva L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Stem cell transplantation therapies are currently under investigation for central nervous system disorders. Although preclinical models show benefit, clinical translation is somewhat limited by the absence of reliable noninvasive methods to confirm targeting and monitor transplanted cells in vivo. Here, we assess a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent derived from magnetotactic bacteria, magneto-endosymbionts (MEs), as a translatable methodology for in vivo tracking of stem cells after intracranial transplantation. We show that ME labeling provides robust MRI contrast without impairment of cell viability or other important therapeutic features. Labeled cells were visualized immediately post-transplantation and over time by serial MRI in nonhuman primate and mouse brain. Postmortem tissue analysis confirmed on-target grft location, and linear correlations were observed between MRI signal, cell engraftment, and tissue ME levels, suggesting that MEs may be useful for determining graft survival or rejection. Overall, these findings indicate that MEs are an effective tool for in vivo tracking and monitoring of cell transplantation therapies with potential relevance to many cellular therapy applications.