bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of COVID-19 Confirmed cases Presenting to Emergency Department in A Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bajracharya Sumana , Shrestha Ashis , Rajbhandari Bibek 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Clinical presentation of the patient with COVID-19 in an emergency department is very important. The proper assessment of the symptom allows correct intervention. So, this study is conducted specifically to find out the clinical spectrum of the patient on presentation to the emergency department.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A retrospective analysis of patient records was done. There were 258 COVID-19 positive cases admission from 13th April to 13th August 2020. Out of these cases, 57 cases were excluded as they did not have respiratory symptoms but were admitted for other medical conditions. So, 201 symptomatic patients were analyzed in this study. Symptoms of all patients with the confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted from the emergency department were analyzed. Data entry was done in an excel sheet and presenting symptoms of COVID-19 positive patients were described along with their comorbid conditions.
Results: Two hundred and one symptomatic patients were analyzed in this study. The mean age of study population was 37.9 years (median 37) with a minimum age of 2 months and a maximum age of 83 years. There were 114 (56.7%) male and 87 (43.3%) female; 109 (54.2%) patients were from outside the and 92 (45.8%) were from inside of Kathmandu Valley. The most common presenting symptom was fever 131 (65.2%) and cardiovascular condition including hypertension was the most common comorbid condition.
Conclusions: Fever was the most common symptom of the patient presenting to the COVID19 emergency of our hospital. Moreover, fever needs to be analyzed carefully in terms of its onset total duration and associated cough, and underlying comorbid condition.
A Study on the Clinical and Hormonal Profile of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Vaidya Achala , Yadav Sweta , Vaidya Anshu 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disorder in women of reproductive age and has a considerable metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular consequences. This study was designed to provide an overview of the presentation of PCOS in the Nepalese population attending a tertiary care hospital, specifically the clinical presentation and hormonal profile.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 14, 2019 to October 16, 2019 on patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital, after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (Dated 03/09/2019) and informed consent from the patient or patient relatives. Data entry and analysis were done in Microsoft Excel 10. The data was statistically analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.
Results: The study included 100 PCOS patients. The mean age of the patients was 24.9 ± 4.52 years and the most common group was 26-34 years. The most common presenting symptom was menstrual irregularity which was seen in 86 (86%) of the patients, followed by weight gain in 55 (55%) of the patients. Thirty percent (30 in number) of the patients were overweight, while eleven (11%) of the patients had grade I obesity.
Conclusions: PCOS has varying clinical manifestations, most commonly affecting the young women of reproductive age group. The commonest presenting complaint in the current study was menstrual abnormality. Majority of the patients had deranged hormonal profile which can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 DM. Thus, awareness regarding PCOS is important for early diagnosis and to prevent its sequalae to various complications.
Propuesta para el análisis del diámetro transversal: método Barzallo An-Bar
Authors: Barzallo Vinicio 
Published: January 2021

El diagnóstico ortodóncico en la última década se ha potenciado con los avances tecnológicos, dejando de lado los métodos tradicionales de diagnóstico, como lo son el análisis de modelos, sobre todo cuando se trata del análisis transversal. Este trabajo busca brindar al clínico una opción sencilla en el diagnóstico del problema transversal, a través de modelos de yeso. Para sustentar esta propuesta se recolectaron datos de siete pacientes que fueron diagnosticados con compresión maxilar esqueletal, en edades comprendidas entre 10 y 14 años. Se tomaron datos de modelos de estudio en yeso extraduro, así como CBCT antes y después del tratamiento con MARPE. El análisis de UPenn se utilizó en la CBCT y el análisis de modelos se realizó midiendo desde el punto dentogingival derecho al izquierdo de los primeros molares permanentes superiores e inferiores, utilizando un calibrador Mitutoyo de 0.05mm de exactitud. Se realizó la comparación de promedios de ambas medidas la cual demostró que no hay diferencia significativa y luego se hizo la correlación de medidas que demostró ser significativa en 5 de 7 medidas.

Esta propuesta de análisis de modelos (AN-BAR) puede ser útil para el clínico en la toma de decisión al momento de realizar una expansión maxilar.
Додаткова доплата до грошового забезпечення як соціальна гарантія прав поліцейських під час карантину в Україні
Authors: Самбор М. А. 
Published: January 2021

Досліджено особливості правового регулювання встановлення та виплати додаткової доплати до грошового забезпечення під час карантину для поліцейських. Проаналізовано нормативно визначені підстави для додаткової виплати фактичне обґрунтування застосування таких виплат для поліцейських. Обґрунтовано правову позицію щодо необхідності додаткових виплат для всіх поліцейських, враховуючи завдання, які стоять перед органами Національної поліції, та надання поліцейськими поліцейських послуг населенню України.
TINGKAT KECEMASAN MASYARAKAT SAAT PENCABUTAN GIGI BERDASARKAN USIA, JENIS KELAMIN DAN ASAL DAERAH DENGAN SURVEI ONLINE
Authors: Hendry Rusdy  , Beverly  
Published: January 2021

Anxiety is a subjective response in a harmless situation or an emotional problem which is caused by human themselves. Anxiety is a major contributor to the reluctance of people to get dental treatment. Dental anxiety was assessed by using Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) that was remodified to match during tooth extraction and is widely spread in the internet. A total of 1298 responses were collected two months later. 11-20 years old age group is reported to be moderately anxious with a percentage of 43.51%, while 21-40 years old group and 41-65 years old group were found to be not anxious or slightly anxious with a percentage of 47.04% and 62.65% respectively. A total of 45.42% female were found to be moderately anxious while 52.75% of male were not anxious or slightly anxious. 52.63% of people from Indonesia East Time Zone were reported to be moderately anxious, meanwhile people from Indonesia West Time Zone and Indonesia Central Time Zone were not anxious or slightly anxious with a percentage of 46.05 and 52.41% respectively. The prevalence of dental phobia among people was 4.63%. In conclusion, dental anxiety were found higher in younger ages group, female and people from Indonesia East Time Zone.

Kecemasan adalah respons subjektif seseorang bukan pada keadaan berbahaya atau masalah emosional yang penyebabnya adalah diri sendiri. Kecemasan adalah salah satu faktor besar dalam diri manusia yang mempengaruhi seseorang enggan mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan gigi. Kecemasan dental diperoleh dengan menggunakan Modified Dental Anxiety Scale yangdimodifikasi sesuai dengan keadaan pencabutan gigi dan disebarkan melalui internet. Sejumlah 1298 responden diperoleh dua bulan kemudian. Kelompok usia 11-20 tahun dilaporkan cemas sedang dengan persentase 43,51%, sedangkan kelompok usia 21-40 tahun dan 41-65 tahun dilaporkan tidak cemas atau cemas ringan dengan persentasemasing-masing 47,04% dan 62,65%. Sejumlah 45,42% wanita dilaporkan cemas sedang sedangkan 52,75% laki-laki tidak cemas atau cemas ringan. Sejumlah 52,63% warga negara Indonesia bagian timur dilaporkan cemas sedang, sedangkan warga negara Indonesia bagian barat dan tengah dilaporkan tidak cemas atau sedikit cemas dengan persentase 46,05dan 52,41% masing-masing. Prevalensi fobia atau cemas parah pada masyarakat adalah 4,63%. Sebagai kesimpulan, kecemasan dental ditemukan lebih tinggi pada kelompok usia yang lebih muda, perempuan dan warga negara Indonesia bagian timur.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA KEPANITERAAN KLINIK TENTANG STANDARD PRECAUTIONS PADA PASIEN SEBELUM DAN SETELAH TINDAKAN PERAWATAN GIGI DI RSGM FKG USU
Authors: Hanafiah Olivia Avriyanti , Yanti Gema Nazri , Faradilla Chintya , Wulandari Dewi 
Published: January 2021

Prosedur kontrol infeksi yang umum dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan standard precautions berdasarkan peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik tentang standard precautions operator sebelum dan setelah perawatan gigi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan cara membagikan kuesioner pada mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik yang terdiri atas 26 pertanyaan untuk sebelum dan 32 pertanyaan untuk setelah tindakan perawatan gigi. Data diolah secara manual dan dianalisis dengan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian pengetahuan responden tentang standard precautions sebelum tindakan perawatan yang berpengetahuan kurang 69,8%, 29,3% cukup, 1% responden yang berpengetahuan baik. Setelah perawatan gigi didapat 54,5% responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup, 37,5% berpengetahuan baik, dan hanya 8% responden berpengetahuan kurang. Sebagai kesimpulan, pengetahuan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik tentang standard precautions operator sebelum dan setelah perawatan gigi masih kurang.
THE EFFECT OF IMMERSION DENTURE BASE HEAT CURED ACRYLIC RESIN IN CLORHEXIDINE AND ROSELLA FLOWER EXTRACT OF CANDIDA ALBICANS
Authors: Zulkarnain M. , Safitri Eka 
Published: January 2021

Materials for the denture base are generally made of heat cured acrylic resin. A dentist is obligated to give instructions about how to use and clean the dentures. One of the natural cleaning solution that can be used is rosella flower’s extract (Hibiscuss sabdariffa). The purpose of this research is to know the influence of rosella flower’s extract against the amount of Candida albicans. The design of this study is experimental laboratoris. The sample is made of heat cured acrylic resin with sizes 10x10x1 mm, 30 pieces divided into 5 groups of treatment with each of the sample test. Each test sample soaked in klorheksidin and rosella flower’s extract concentration 30%, 40%, 50%, and aquades for 15 minutes. The amount of Candida albicans on each specimen is calculated using one-way ANOVA to see the influence of soaking and LSD to see which treatments have a significant difference between groups. Plate test and rosella flower’s extract sterilized by autoclave 121 ° C for 1 hour and then put in saliva for 1 hour so that the test plate in accordance with the state of the oral cavity and rinsed with Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) for 2 times. Plate test later in contamination with Candida albicans by means of a tube inserted into erlenmeyer containing a suspension of Candida albicans, then incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C. After 24 hours, the test plates are removed from the test tube and rinsed with PBS 2 times. Test plates were divided into five groups. Test results indicate that there is a difference of LSD influence between soaking with a rosella flower’s extract concentration 30% compared to 50% p = 0.0001 (p < 0.05) and there is a difference between rosella flower’s extracts concentration of 40% compared to 50% p = 0.0001 (p < 0.05). The result of this study concluded that soaking denture base heat cured acrylic resin with rosella flower’s extract concentration 50% have the same influence on klorheksidin in inhibiting the amount of Candida albicans.
THE DIFFERENCE ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND DIMENSIONAL CHANGE OF COMMERCIALLY TYPE III GYPSUM COMPARED TO RECYCLE GYPSUM TYPE III TO PRODUCE WORKING CAST
Authors: Wahyuni Siti , Tamin Haslinda Z , Agusnar Harry 
Published: January 2021

Gypsum is derived from pure calcium sulfate dehydrate which is a common material that is commonly used in denture manufacturing process. This study aimed to know the difference on compressive strength and dimensional change of commercially type III gypsum compared to recycle type III gypsum to produce working cast. The type of research is laboratory experiment. A total of 40 samples for each test is divided into five groups which consists of commercial type III gypsum, pure recycled type III gypsum, pure recycled type III gypsum with 10%, 20%, 30% type III commercial gypsum. The difference on compressive strength and dimensional change between the groups was analyzed using one way ANOVA and is them tested with LSD test. The result showed that there was a significant difference (p<0,05) between compressive strength and dimensional change of commercial type III gypsum compared to pure recycled type III gypsum and pure recycled type III gypsum with 10%, 20% and 30% type III commercial gypsum. In conclusion, addition of 30% commercial gypsum in recycled gypsum the compressive strength was higher than other recycled gypsum types.
NATURAL PRODUCTS PHARMACEUTICAL STANDARDIZATION TOWARDS PHYTOPHARMACA FOR INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Yuslianti Euis Reni , Bachtiar Boy M , Suniarti Dewi Fatma , Sutjiatmo Afifah B 
Published: January 2021

There is a tendency back to nature treatment in Indonesian community because modern/synthetic medicines is expensive and have a various alarming side effects. That is why natural products medicine becomes more popular, aside from mass media promotions. Researches on natural products such as herbal medicine increases along with the desire to get phytofarmaca that can compete with modern medicines. The aims of this literature review are to discuss and provides information on pharmaceutical standardization of natural products toward phytopharmaca for developing Indonesian traditional medicine. Pharmaceutical standardization will strengthen the basic of pharmaceutical science in producing safe, efficacy, and qualify traditional medicine products. The pharmaceutical standardization consists of standardizing simplicial quality, safety, efficacy, and stable formulation of medicines for use in health services.
Verification of agomelatine in comparison with melatonin as a therapeutic agent to treat breast cancer
Authors: Galeti Amabile Oficiati de Carnevale , De Oliveira Jessica Gisleine , Pinheiro Marina Gobbe Moschetta , Dos Santos Mariana Bastos , Colombo Jucimara , Chuffa Luiz Gustavo de Almeida , Zuccari Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos 
Published: January 2021

The breast cancer (BC) has a high rate of morbidity and mortality; thus, the discovery of new therapeutic targets is of great interest for researchers. Previous studies have documented that melatonin, the main hormone synthesized by the pineal gland, plays important roles in the control of breast tumorigenesis. Similar to melatonin, agomelatine, a melatonin analogue can also perform its functions by binding to G protein coupled melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2. In a series of studies carried out in two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 strains), the dose-responsive curves have been identified regarding cell viability, clonogenic survival, and cell migration. The results indicate that agomelatine has the potential to reduce the proliferative capacity in both cell lines, while melatonin significantly reduced the proliferative rate of triple-negative BC cells. Notably, agomelatine and melatonin showed the same inhibitory effect on BC cell migration. Collectively, agomelatine treatment caused a greater reduction in BC cell growth than that of melatonin which only suppressed the proliferative capacity of triple-negative BC. Also, melatonin and agomelatine have the same inhibitory response to migratory capacity of triple-negative BC cells. Based on the results from current study on BC cells, agomelatine could be considered as a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent compared to melatonin for BC treatment.
Islamisasi Buku Ajar PPKn Untuk Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Tingkat SMA/MA
Authors: Hamdan Pepri , Syafri Ulil Amri , Indra Hasbi 
Published: January 2021

<p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris">The purpose of this research is to develop PPKn textbooks by the teachings of Islam, in this case, the thoughts of Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi. The method used in this research is qualitative, descriptive analysis (literature study), which is to describe the reality that occurs in textbooks. The main source of this research is the PPKn book published by Yudhistira, books on the Islamization of science, and other supporting books within the framework of the idea of Islamization of science. The results of this study concluded that Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi's view on the way of Islamizing science is by recounting the entire treasury of Western science within an Islamic framework, namely rewriting textbooks and various disciplines with Islamic teachings insight. The application of Islamization in PPKn textbooks must be based on strong faith and Islam, because faith is the foundation in carrying out Islamic law. PPkn textbooks must be in line with Pancasila values: divine values, human values, unity values, populist values, and justice values derived from Al-Quran and Hadith</p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak </strong></p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan buku ajar PPKn sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam, dalam hal ini pemikiran Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, deskriptif analisis (studi pustaka), yaitu untuk menggambarkan kenyataan yang terjadi di dalam buku ajar. Sumber utama penelitian ini adalah buku PPKn terbitan Yudhistira, buku-buku Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan, dan buku-buku pendukung lainnya dalam kerangka kerja ide islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pandangan Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi mengenai cara Islamisasi ilmu yaitu dengan jalan menuang kembali seluruh khazanah sains Barat dalam kerangka Islam, yaitu penulisan kembali buku-buku teks dan berbagai disiplin ilmu dengan wawasan ajaran Islam. Penerapan Islamisasi dalam buku ajar PPKn harus dilandasi dengan keimanan dan keIslaman yang kuat, sebab iman merupakan pondasi dalam menjalankan syariat Islam. Buku ajar PPkn harus sejalan dengan nilai-nilai pancasila : nilai ketuhanan, nilai kemanusiaan, nilai persatuan, nilai kerakyatan, dan nilai keadilan yang bersumber dari Al-Quran dan Hadits.</p>
Medical First Response Models in Rural Villages and Towns: A Simulation Study of Response Times
Authors: Pappinen Jukka , Olkinuora Anna , Laukkanen-Nevala Päivi 
Published: January 2021

Introduction Medical first responders (MFR) shorten the response times and improve outcomes in, for example, out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. This study demonstrates the usability of open geographic data for analysing MFR service performance by comparing simulated response times of different MFR models in rural town and village settings in Finland. Methods Community first response (CFR) models with one to three responders obeying the speed limit were compared to a volunteer/retained fire department (FD) model where three responders first gather at a fire station and then drive to the scene with lights and siren. Five villages/towns, each with a volunteer/retained FD but no ambulance base within a 10 km radius, were selected to test the models. A total of 50,000 MFR responses with randomly selected buildings as potential responder and patient locations were simulated. Results In central areas, the simulated median response time for the one-responder model was 1.6 minutes, outperforming the FD model's simulated response time median by 4.5 minutes. In surrounding rural areas, the median response times of one- and two-responder CFR models were still shorter (15.0 and 15.9 minutes, respectively) than in the FD model (16.4 minutes), but the FD model outperformed the three-responder CFR model (16.8 minutes). Conclusion Open geographic datasets were useful in performing logistic simulations of MFR. Based on the simulations, CFR without emergency vehicles may reach patients faster than FD-based MFR in central areas, whereas in surrounding rural areas the difference is less pronounced.
Facilitators, Barriers and Motivators of Paramedic Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Hobbs Lisa , Devenish Scott , Long David , Tippett Vivienne 
Published: January 2021

Introduction As registered health professionals, Australian paramedics are required to abide by professional registration standards including the maintenance of continuing professional development (CPD). The broader health literature identifies facilitators, barriers and motivators for engaging in CPD, however the body of knowledge specific to paramedicine is weak. This research seeks to address this gap in the paramedicine body of knowledge. Methods This study adopts a constructivist grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and analysed using first and second cycle coding techniques. Paramedics from various state-based Australasian ambulance services and private industry (N=10) discussed their experiences specific to their attitudes, perceptions and engagement about CPD. Results Paramedic CPD goes beyond the traditional approach to mandatory training. Paramedics are motivated by factors such as modality of delivery, professional expectations, clinical/professional improvement and, sometimes, fear. Facilitators included organisational support, improved clinical knowledge, practitioner confidence, self-directed learning opportunities and perceived relevance of content. Barriers include cost, workload/fatigue, location, rostering, lack of incentive to engage, lack of employer support and technological problems. Conclusion By understanding what facilitates or motivates engagement in CPD activities, paramedics can navigate their CPD in conjunction with regulatory requirements. Although paramedics report some similar experiences to other health professionals, there are nuances that appear specific to the discipline of paramedicine. Of interest, a unique finding related to fear influencing paramedic CPD engagement. The results of this study informs paramedic employers and paramedic CPD providers with insights to assist in the development of positive CPD experiences and interactions.