bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Events During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Salminen Antti P. , Montoya Perez Ileana , Klén Riku , Ettala Otto O. , Syvänen Kari T. , Elo Laura L. , Boström Peter J. 
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) improves survival in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Rate of adverse events (AE) have been reported only in randomized clinical trials (RCT). Purpose was to evaluate incidence, type, and risk factors of AEs during NAC treatment in a population-based setting. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Finnish national cystectomy database covering years 2008–2014 was utilized. NAC associated AEs were reported by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.5.0. AEs during NAC in five-tier severity scale was the outcome measure. Spearman correlation between AEs and 22 clinical variables were calculated. P-values were corrected for multiple testing by controlling false discovery rate (FDR) with Benjamini-Hochberg method. RESULTS: Thirty-one percent of MIBC patients were assigned to NAC. Final analysis included 229 NAC patients representing 30% of radical cystectomy (RC) population. Majority (88%) received cisplatin-gemcitabine. 105 patients (46%) had no AEs. 124 patients (54%) had 168 AEs in total. Severe events (CTCAE grade 3–5) were documented in 31% of patients and one (0.4%) died. In five patients (2.1%) RC was not performed due to the AE. Of the severe AEs, hematological were most common, followed with cardiac, vascular and urinary tract as most commonly affected organ systems. The number of chemotherapy cycles was the only variable significantly associated with AEs. Severe AEs occurred already during or after the first cycle of NAC leading to early termination. CONCLUSION: NAC is generally well tolerated, but poses a considerable risk for adverse events. This is the first study to evaluate AEs caused by NAC in real life scenario on population level.
ANALISIS DEBIT AIR LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN (RUN OFF) DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) MANIKIN KABUPATEN KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Falo Yunus , Djunaedi Djunaedi , Nama Arnoldus 
Published: November 2019

Perubahan tata guna lahan menyebabkan timbulnya lahan kritis yang disebabkan pemanfaatan lahan yang kurang optimal. DAS Manikin yang terletak di Kabupaten Kupang terdapat Bendungan Tilong dibangun pada tahun 2003 guna menopang kemajuan pertanian. Pada akhir tahun 2008 bendungan ini mengalami luapan air yang berlebihan. Akibat hal tersebut tergenangnya areal pertanian di bagian hilir Desa Tarus, Tanah Merah dan Desa Olpuah. Pengaruh adanya kejadian ini para petani di tiga desa tersebut mengalami kerugian yang sangat besar dan mengalami gagal panen pada tahun tersebut. Hasil analisis tebal limpasan permukaan (run off ) DAS Manikin pada tahun 2017 sebesar 51- 88 mm, sedangkan bagian hulu dan hilir 34 -51 mm. Untuk mengurangi debit air limpasan permukaan sebagai berikut : (a) Merehabilitasi hutan (b) Pemulihan Hutan dan Lahan.(c) Pengendalian Erosi dan Sedimentasi.(d) Pengembangan Sumber Daya Air guna memenuhi kebutuhan air baku untuk berbagai keperluan yang difokuskan upaya pengendalian tata air DAS dan konservasi air.
PERBANDINGAN NILAI DEBIT AKHIR MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE EPANET 2.0 DENGAN HARDY CROSS METHOD PADA PERENCANAAN JARINGAN PERPIPAAN AIR BERSIH
Authors: Luan Alexander Tirtarius , Rizal Hidayat , Krisnayanti Denik 
Published: November 2019

Desa Camplong II merupakan salah satu desa di Kebupaten Kupang yang belum terlayani sepenuhnya oleh penyediaan air bersih. Wilayah ini mempunyai sumber air Kese dengan debit 32,46 liter/detik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan jaringan perpipaan air bersih guna membantu masyarakat Desa Camplong II memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih khususnya pada Dusun Oelkiu dan Dusun Oetulu. Jaringan perpipaan rencana dianalisis dengan menggunakan software Epanet 2.0 dalam bentuk jaringan loop. Perhitungan manual dilakukan dengan metode Hardy Cross. Debit pada pipa output software Epanet 2.0 kemudian dibandingan dengan hasil perhitungan manual dengan metode Hardy Cross. Hasil proyeksi kebutuhan air kedua dusun pada tahun 2037 adalah 2,698 liter/detik dengan kebutuhan air pada jam puncak sebesar 4,452 liter/detik. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, perbandingan debit hasil perhitungan metode Hardy Cross dan output software Epanet 2.0 mencapai 1,156 %. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa output dapat mewakili perhitungan manual dalam menganalisis jaringan perpipaan air bersih.
ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES
Authors: Dhanjal Gurdeep Singh , Singh Vikramjot , Singh Gurnoor 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Neonatal seizure are the most frequent manifestation of neurological dysfunction in a neonate. Detection of seizure and its etiology is important for guiding therapy. In the presence of biochemical abnormalities, it is difficult to control seizures and there is a risk of further brain damage. Early recognition and treatment of biochemical abnormalities are essential for optimal management and satisfactory long term outcome. The aim was to determine the etiology of neonatal seizures and to study the biochemical abnormalities.
Material and Methods: The present study included 70 inborn neonates presenting with seizures admitted to the neonatal unit in MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India over a period of one and a half years. A detailed history was taken and clinical examination of the neonate was done. Etiological causes and various biochemical parameters were evaluated.
Results: Neonatal seizures occurred more commonly in males. The most common cause of neonatal seizures was birth asphyxia seen in 26 (37.1%) neonates followed by sepsis in 24 (34.3%) neonates. The Primary Biochemical abnormalities were seen in 12 (17.1%) neonates with seizures. Among these neonates, hypoglycemia was most commonly seen in 4 (33.3%) neonates followed by hypocalcemia seen in 3 (25%) neonates.
Conclusion: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unrecognized. These abnormalities may significantly contribute to seizure activity and hence a biochemical workup is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.
King Fahad National Guard Hospital Internal Medicine Consultation Service: Contributing Co-Morbidities and Reasons for Consultation
Authors: Al-Asmari Faisal A. , Al-Enezi Farhan Z. , Alaskar Nourah M. , Bin Salih Salih A. , Hassan Imad S. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Inpatient medical consultations have become an essential service in the specialty of Internal Medicine. Research in this new subspecialty will help improve the quality as well as the cost-effectiveness of this vital service.
Method: Data for all patients who were referred to the service were entered in a pre-designed form.
Results: One hundred and seventy-six adult patients with an average age of 53.3 years were seen by the service over a 4 months period. Consultations to the service were primarily from the departments of Surgery (110, 62.50%), Obstetrics and Gynecology (57, 32.39%). Co-morbidities were common specially diabetes mellitus (59.1%) and hypertension (41.5%). Most of the consultations were for emergency patients (99, 56.3%) rather than for electively (77, 43.7%) admitted cases. For operative patients, there was an equal share between pre- and post-operative cases (58.8% and 58.0% respectively). Prior referral to outpatient pre-operative clinics was unsatisfactory with the service requesting postponements of surgery for 22.1 percent of pre-operative cases. The major reasons for referral to the service were diabetes mellitus (49.4%), hypertension (30.7%) and respiratory problems (22.7%). Thirty-three percent of cases had more than one reason for referral. Active intervention by the service was frequent. The average length of care under the service was 5.2 days with a range of 1 to 90 days.
Conclusions: The service needs to be structured with regards to staff education and training; emphasizing on diabetes mellitus, hypertension and respiratory problems care. A joint interdepartmental effort along the above lines and better use of the pre-operative outpatient clinics are recommended.
A Possible Early Alteration of Autonomic Activity Assessed by Heart Rate Variability in Saudi Offspring of Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Akbar Daad H. , Hegazi Maha A. , Al Kadi Hanan A. , Ahmad Maimona M. 
Published: November 2019

Background and Objectives: To evaluate cardiac autonomic function in non-diabetic offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through assessment of heart rate variability. Autonomic dysfunction was reported in glucose tolerant on insulin-resistant offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. No data is available on cardiac autonomic dysfunction in Saudi offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Subject and Methods: Ninety-seven subjects with family history and 30 subjects with no family history of diabetes mellitus as a control group were studied. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics (fasting blood glucose, lipids, and insulin resistance) were measured. Heart rate variability parameters were recorded.
Results: No significant differences in the anthropometric, biochemical or heart rate variability parameters between the group with positive family history of diabetes mellitus and the control group. Subjects with positive family history of diabetes mellitus were split into 2 groups as per the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Insignificantly, an increased sympathetic tone was seen in Type 2 diabetes mellitus offspring with insulin resistance as compared to those without it. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose were also significantly higher in the insulin resistance group.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of insulin resistance among the young subjects with positive family history of diabetes. Thus, had an increased sympathetic activity compared to those who were insulin sensitive. This study confirms the early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects previously reported in other non-Saudi populations.
Renal and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Heat Stroke during Hajj
Authors: Nabalawi Rana A. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Heat induced illnesses are variable from a mild heat exhaustion to a severe heat stroke and its systemic complications. Millions of pilgrims annually perform the Islamic obligatory mission of Hajj, are vulnerable to heat induced illnesses, especially when Hajj falls in the summer period. This is a retrospective study of the renal and electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke patients during Hajj.
Method: We selected randomly 472 patients out of 2044 patients diagnosed as heat stroke over 5 years from 1986-1991 for this study. The diagnosis of heat stroke was based on: 1) Rectal temperature > 40°C, 2) Hot dry skin and 3) Neurological deficit presenting as delirium, coma with or without convulsions. The renal function and electrolytes of all these patients were obtained.
Results: All the 472 patients revealed significant electrolyte abnormalities: hypophasphatemia 98% (P + 0.55 ± 0.05 mmol/L), hyponatremia Na+ 70% (128 + 1 mmol/L), hypocalcemia 70% (Ca + 2.01 ± 0.02 mmol/L), hypokalemia 32% (K+3.3 ± 01 mmol/L), and hypomagnesaemia (Mg 0.06 ± 0.01 mmol/L) in 30%. Metabolic acidosis and compensatory respiratory alkalosis was seen in most patients. Acute renal failure that required dialysis developed in 180 (8.8%) patients. In 100 patients, the most common cause was Rhabdomyolysis (68%). The rest had ischemic acute tubular necrosis (32%) with a mortality of 15% compared to 20% in all the 472 patients. The risk mortality was higher in patients with a temperature of 42°C, comatose at presentation and older than 50 years.
Conclusion: During Hajj, electrolyte abnormalities in heat stroke were found to be fairly common. Acute renal failure was mainly due to Rhabdomyolysis, which carry better prognosis compared to other causes of acute tubular necrosis.
Histopathological Pattern of Respiratory Diseases among Patients attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Saudi Arabia from January 2000 - December 2010
Authors: Abdullah Layla S. , Mufti Shagufta T. 
Published: November 2019

Objective: To determine the histopathological pattern of respiratory diseases based on age and gender at a tertiary care center in the western region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all histopathologically diagnosed cases of respiratory diseases in the period between January 2000 and December 2010 through a computerized database search of the Anatomic Pathology archives.
Results: Out of the 378 case studies, the most common histologically diagnosed respiratory diseases were pulmonary tumors 118 (31.2%), followed by pulmonary infections 32 (8.4%), obstructive lung diseases 22 (5.8%), restrictive lung disease 16 (4.2%), congenital pulmonary airway malformation 16 (4.2%) and diseases of vascular origin 4 (1%).The percentage of insufficient biopsies was 3.9% (15 cases); 57 cases (15.07%) showed no pathological diagnosis on histological examination. Out of the 111 malignant tumors, 98 (88.2%) were primary and 13 (11.71%) were secondary pulmonary tumors. The most common respiratory disease in the age group of 0-19 years was pulmonary congenital diseases (11 cases), in the group of 20-39 was miscellaneous (43 cases), while pulmonary tumors was the most common respiratory disease identified histopathologically in the age groups of 40-59-years-old (33 cases) and older than 60 years (75 cases).
Conclusion: Lung tumors are the most common form of histopathologically diagnosed respiratory diseases followed by pulmonary infections, especially tuberculosis.
Clinical Features of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Sub-Saharan African Population: A 308 Study Cases in Senegal
Authors: Ndongo Souhaibou , Pouye Abdoulaye , Azankpan Emeric , Ka Mourtalla M. , Moreira Diop Thérèse 
Published: November 2019

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis, formerly rare in sub-Saharan Africa, is becoming increasingly reported. The objective study determines the epidemiological, clinical and biological features of rheumatoid arthritis at diagnosis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at the rheumatology outpatient department of Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital of Dakar in Senegal.
Results: Three hundred eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis according, to American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria, were included: 273 women and 35 men (ratio of 7:8). Median age was 41 years (Q1: 31; Q3: 53 years); predominant age group was 30-40 years. Ninety-three percent resided in urban areas and 7% in rural areas. Family history of chronic inflammatory arthritis was reported by 35.1% of patients. Thirty-nine percent of patients initially consulted a traditional healer. On admission, the median Disease Activity Score 28 was 6.5 (Q1: 5.5; Q3: 7.3). Rheumatoid arthritis was very active in 81.1% and a positive factor in 84% of patients. Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies assessed in 116 patients; 95 reported positive (81.9%). Of 169 patients, at least one extra-articular manifestation was presented; the most common, anemia and sicca syndrome.
Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis was characterized by an important delay in diagnosis, a polyarticular presentation, and a high positivity of immunological markers. Extra-articular manifestations included mainly anemia and sicca syndrome. Early management and a better understanding of rheumatoid arthritis in sub-Saharan Africa are required.
Are Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a University Hospital in Jeddah Achieving Treatment Goals?
Authors: Radi Suhaib A. , Bashnini Nada K. , Alahwal Hebah Y. , Tashkandi Deemah A. , Sibyani Maram J. , Ayoub Hanin A. , Sabbagh Raghad S. , Al-Shali Khalid Z. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide and is very debilitating. Studies have shown that adherence to treatment recommendations are rewarded with a decrease in diabetes mellitus - related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess adherence to the American Diabetes Association treatment goals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This was a retrospective chart review study, between February and April, 2013, of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended outpatient clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We included patients provided they were adults (≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were regularly followed up at the outpatient clinics, and they have had the disease for more than one year.
Results: We included 201 patients between 27 – 96 years old. Most patients had their blood pressure and creatinine levels measured during each visit, and close to half had their HbA1c levels measured twice in the last year of follow up. Approximately 55.10% of the patients achieved an LDL level < 2.6 mmol/L. A relatively small proportion of the patients had blood pressure measurements and HbA1c levels within the recommended guidelines (29.03% and 24.53%, respectively).
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is not very well controlled. This could be attributed to physicians’ factors and patients’ factors. Further studies to assess this issue are recommended.
Geriatric Visits to the Emergency Department at an Academic Tertiary Care Center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abualenain Jameel T. , Kamfar Daniah M. , Faden Ekram S. , Basheikh Mohammed A. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Geriatric patients aged more than 60 years are a vulnerable group of patients needing special care in the emergency department. This study aims to determine the prevalence of geriatric patients visiting the emergency department and explore the various aspects of those visits. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all emergency department visits from August 2016 to July 2017 was performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Results: Of 34,127 emergency department visits by adults, 6,533 (19.14%) were made by geriatric patients (age range, 60-115 years; average, 71.25 years), representing about 45 nationalities (48.62% were Saudi). Triage priority using the “Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale” showed that 36.08% of the visits were emergencies, 49.35% were urgent, and 14.57% were non-urgent. Most (40.47%) of the visits were made during the morning, almost double the number made at night (23.30%). Geriatric patients presenting with a single complaint represented 62.47% of these visits, those presenting with two complaints represented 31.01%, and those presenting three or more complaints, 6.52%. The most common complaints were dyspnea (25.28%), chest pain (13.16%), and abdominal pain (10.82%). In the final diagnoses, diseases of circulatory system were most frequent (15.20%). The admission rate was 28.38%, and the mortality rate was 1.94%.
Conclusion: Geriatric patients visiting the emergency department represent one-fi ft h of all emergency department visits by adults. They commonly present with complex medical conditions, making the approach to their diagnoses more challenging. Therefore, we recommend paying greater attention using multidisciplinary services and follow up.
The patrons of the late medieval poets in North Wales
Authors: Carr Anthony D. 
Published: November 2019

Les Patrons des Poètes de la fin du Moyen Age, dans le Nord du Pays de Galles.
La conquête du Gwynedd par le roi Edouard Ier en 1282-3 a signifié la fin d’une longue tradition de poésie de cour galloise. La fonction de mécène des princes fut reprise par les puissantes familles qui avaient dominé leur propre classe, et qui continuèrent à ce faire sous le nouveau régime. L’apparition de nouvelles familles de propriétaires terriens à partir du XIVe siècle étoffa une classe sociale dont les poètes eux-mêmes étaient issus. L’auteur examine à quels types d’hommes appartiennent les patrons des poètes, qui entretenaient la tradition poétique indigène à la fin du Moyen Age, et quel fut leur rôle dans la société de leur temps.
Emprunts français dans un parler breton de Haute-Cornouaille finistérienne (Poullaouen - 29246)
Authors: Favereau Francis 
Published: November 2019

French loanwords in a Breton dialect of Haute Cornouaille (Poullaouen, Finistère).
The French influence on Middle Breton and further stages is well known. Breton lexicographers, on the other hand, have been prone to practise a «Celtic purism» from the beginning of the XIXe c. on to our times. But what about the situation in the oral usage, and particularly in the language of Poullaouen and of Poher (which the author has studied in his thesis) ?
After a short lexical analysis, it has been possible to propose a numeric estimation and to sketch a (fragmentary but significant) comparison with existing dictionaries, and even with current Breton handbooks, before reaching a conclusion about educational problems and this different question, which is, the new standard required by media.
On the origin of the 5-years cycle in the Celtic Calendar
Authors: Parisot Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2019

L’origine de la période de cinq ans dans le Calendrier de Coligny.
Le Calendrier connu sous le nom de “calendrier gaulois de Coligny” se compose de 2 fragments découverts dans l’est de la France au siècle dernier : dans le lac d’Antre (Jura) et un ensemble plus complet trouvé à Coligny (Ain). Ce dernier se présente sous la forme d’une grande table de bronze qui comporte environ 2000 termes (60 mots différents) dont le sens reste pour la plupart obscur. En dépit de nombreuses lacunes, une reconstitution a été possible grâce à de minutieux travaux. Le calendrier se compose de 5 années consécutives formées de 62 mois de 29 ou 30 jours constituant un ensemble de 1835 jours. La correspondance entre le rythme des saisons (365.2424 jours) et la révolution de la lune (29.5306 jours) était assurée par l’intercalation de 2 mois supplémentaires de 30 jours placés l’un au début de la première année et l’autre au milieu de la troisième. En appliquant au calendrier de Coligny une méthode mathématique très simple basée sur la décomposition en fractions continues nous pouvons montrer que ce cycle de 5 ans découle naturellement d’un ajustement luni-solaire et qu’il ne constitue qu’une solution parmi beaucoup d’autres de l’harmonisation des cycles lunaires et solaires.
L’arbre au pourri
Authors: Sergent Bernard 
Published: November 2019

The tree with rotteness.
Celticist have long debated about the documentary value of the so-called Bern scholies added to a Lucan text, and particularly of Celtic human sacrifices mentioned in them. The discussion about the sacrifice made to the god Esus has been hindered by the poverty of Gallo-roman evidence concerning this god. A comparison with Insular medieval material permits — as it often happens — a decisive progress on that question, and lead us to favour the theory of the authenticity for the Bern scholies.
High Kingship and Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus
Authors: Fear A. T. 
Published: November 2019

Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus et la royauté suprême.
Cet article examine la possibilité que le roi romano-britannique Cogidubnus ait reçu le titre de «Rex Magnus » à cause de la forme celtique de sa royauté.