bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traits of the entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Hb-EG strain), for potential biocontrol in strawberry fields
Authors: Shehata Ibrahim E. , Hammam Mostafa M. A. , El-Borai Fahiem E. , Duncan Larry W. , Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz M. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) can provide a substantial control, especially of the root feeding larval pests. The objective of the present study was to examine beneficial traits of an indigenous entomopathogenic nematode species,Heterorhabditis bacteriophoraPoinar (Hb-EG strain), and to identify superior biocontrol candidates for suppression of the scarab beetleTemnorhynchus baal(Reiche & Saulcy) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) larvae as serious pests of strawberry in Egypt. The nematodes were applied to infect the greater wax moth,Galleria mellonellaL. cadavers, to represent natural emergence from the host in laboratory and under field conditions. Its average yield was 49604 infective juveniles (IJs) perG. mellonellalarva. Overall averages of nematode-induced mortality inG.mellonellalarvae were (4.63, 3.12, and 1.92) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively, after continuous weekly baiting with 5 cadavers. Nematode capability for infection and reproduction ranged from 72 to 26% one to five months, respectively, after field inoculation of the infected larvae into the strawberry rhizosphere. The number of IJs, moved to the North of the rhizosphere, was significantly (P≤ 0.05) less than that moved to the South or the East as reflected by the numbers of infected insects. The factors that may have a marked influence on EPN foraging behavior, persistence, and movement direction with implications for harnessing them as biological pest control agents were discussed.
GbAt11 gene cloned from Gossypium barbadense mediates resistance to Verticillium wilt in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: QIU Tingting , WANG Yanjun , JIANG Juan , ZHAO Jia , WANG Yanqing , QI Junsheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Gossypium hirsutum is highly susceptible to Verticillium wilt, and once infected Verticillium wilt, its yield is greatly reduced. But G. barbadense is highly resistant to Verticillium wilt. It is possible that transferring some disease-resistant genes from G. barbadense to G. hirsutum may contribute to G. hirsutum resistance to Verticillium wilt.

Result
Here, we described a new gene in G. barbadense encoding AXMN Toxin Induced Protein-11, GbAt11, which is specifically induced by Verticillium dahliae in G. barbadense and enhances Verticillium wilt resistance in G. hirsutum. Overexpression in G. hirsutum not only significantly improves resistance to Verticillium wilt, but also increases the boll number per plant. Transcriptome analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that GbAt11 overexpression can simultaneously activate FLS2, BAK1 and other genes, which are involved in ETI and PTI pathways in G. hirsutum.

Conclusion
These data suggest that GbAt11 plays a very important role in resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. And it is significant for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt and breeding high-yield cotton cultivars.
High efficacy of low-dose albumin infusion in the prevention of paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction
Authors: Alsebaey Ayman , Rewisha Eman , Waked Imam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Large-volume paracentesis (LVP) is a main pillar in treating patients with tense ascites. Without plasma expanders use, paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction (PICD) is a common complication with decreased survival. The aim was to compare low-dose albumin (2 g/L ascitic fluid removed n = 85) with standard-dose albumin (6 g/L ascitic fluid removed, n = 25) for prevention of PICD. Liver function tests, urea, creatinine, CBC, and abdominal ultrasonography were done. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured at baseline and on the 6th day post-LVP. The delta change (Δ) = day 6 variable minus baseline variable value. PICD was defined as increase in PRA of > 50% of the baseline value.

Results
Patients in low-dose albumin group were mainly Child B compared with Child C (85.9% vs. 52%; p = 0.001), underwent less paracentesis volume (9.78 ± 3.56 vs. 12.52 ± 3.6 L; p = 0.001), but had higher baseline PRA (859.62 ± 1151.34 vs. 165.93 ± 95.34 pg/mL; p = 0.001). In both groups, the PRA increased at day 6 compared with the baseline (1141.57 ± 1433.01 vs. 859.62 ± 1151.34 pg/mL; p = 0.01) and (192.21 ± 80.99 vs. 165.93 ± 95.34 pg/mL; p = 0.01) respectively. Both groups were comparable for Δ PRA (281.95 ± 851.4 vs. 26.28 ± 30.2 pg/mL; p = 0.102) and PRA percent increase (10.97 ± 30.77 vs. 12.57 ± 14.87; p = 0.844). They had comparable PICD incidence (24.7% vs. 12%; p = 0.27). Females were more liable for PICD occurrence than males (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.125–7.547, p = 0.028) and so Child B patients than Child C (OR 8.4, 95% CI 1.072–65.767, p = 0.043).

Conclusion
Low-dose albumin infusion is comparable to the standard-dose albumin for the prevention of PICD.
CD4/CD8 T-Cell Selection Affects Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Potency and Toxicity: Updated Results From a Phase I Anti-CD22 CAR T-Cell Trial
Authors: Shah Nirali N. , Highfill Steven L. , Shalabi Haneen , Yates Bonnie , Jin Jianjian , Wolters Pamela L. , Ombrello Amanda , Steinberg Seth M. , Martin Staci , Delbrook Cindy , Hoffman Leah , Little Lauren , Ponduri Anusha , Qin Haiying , Qureshi Haris , Dulau-Florea Alina , Salem Dalia , Wang Hao-Wei , Yuan Constance , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Panch Sandhya , Tran Minh , Mackall Crystal L. , Stroncek David F. , Fry Terry J. 
Published: April 2020

PURPOSE Patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who experience relapse after or are resistant to CD19-targeted immunotherapies have limited treatment options. Targeting CD22, an alternative B-cell antigen, represents an alternate strategy. We report outcomes on the largest patient cohort treated with CD22 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-center, phase I, 3 + 3 dose-escalation trial with a large expansion cohort that tested CD22-targeted CAR T cells for children and young adults with relapsed/refractory CD22+ malignancies. Primary objectives were to assess the safety, toxicity, and feasibility. Secondary objectives included efficacy, CD22 CAR T-cell persistence, and cytokine profiling. RESULTS Fifty-eight participants were infused; 51 (87.9%) after prior CD19-targeted therapy. Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 50 participants (86.2%) and was grade 1-2 in 45 (90%). Symptoms of neurotoxicity were minimal and transient. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis–like manifestations were seen in 19/58 (32.8%) of subjects, prompting utilization of anakinra. CD4/CD8 T-cell selection of the apheresis product improved CAR T-cell manufacturing feasibility as well as heightened inflammatory toxicities, leading to dose de-escalation. The complete remission rate was 70%. The median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 7.7 to 20.3 months). Among those who achieved a complete response, the median relapse-free survival was 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.1 to 6.5 months). Thirteen participants proceeded to stem-cell transplantation. CONCLUSION In the largest experience of CD22 CAR T-cells to our knowledge, we provide novel information on the impact of manufacturing changes on clinical outcomes and report on unique CD22 CAR T-cell toxicities and toxicity mitigation strategies. The remission induction rate supports further development of CD22 CAR T cells as a therapeutic option in patients resistant to CD19-targeted immunotherapy.
Associations Between Antihypertensive Medications and Severe Hyponatremia: A Swedish Population–Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Falhammar Henrik , Skov Jakob , Calissendorff Jan , Nathanson David , Lindh Jonatan D , Mannheimer Buster 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCalcium channel blockers (CCBs), beta-receptor blockers (BBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) have occasionally been reported to cause severe hyponatremia. The aim was to explore the association between CCBs, BBs, ACEIs, and ARBs and hospitalization due to hyponatremia.MethodsPatients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of hyponatremia (n = 11 213) were compared with matched controls (n = 44 801). Linkage of national population-based registers was used to acquire data. Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for co-medications, diseases, previous hospitalizations, and socioeconomic factors was used to explore the association between hospitalization for severe hyponatremia and the use of different CCBs, BBs, ACEIs, and ARBs. Furthermore, newly initiated (≤90 days) and ongoing use were examined separately.ResultsAdjusted odds ratios (aORs) (95% confidence interval) for the investigated 4 drug classes ranged from 0.86 (0.81-0.92) for CCBs to 1.15 (1.07-1.23) for ARBs. For newly initiated drugs, aORs spanned from 1.64 (1.35-1.98) for CCBs to 2.24 (1.87-2.68) for ACEIs. In contrast, the corresponding associations for ongoing therapy were not elevated, ranging from 0.81 (0.75-0.86) for CCBs to 1.08 (1.00-1.16) for ARBs. In the CCBs subgroups, aOR for newly initiated vascular CCBs was 1.95 (1.62-2.34) whereas aOR for ongoing treatment was 0.82 (0.77-0.88).ConclusionsFor newly initiated CCBs, BBs, ACEIs, and ARBs, the risk of hospitalization due to hyponatremia was moderately elevated. In contrast, there was no evidence that ongoing treatment with investigated antihypertensive drugs increased the risk for hospitalization due to hyponatremia.
Automated Pulse Oximeter Waveform Analysis to Track Changes in Blood Pressure During Anesthesia Induction: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Ghamri Yassine , Proença Martin , Hofmann Gregory , Renevey Philippe , Bonnier Guillaume , Braun Fabian , Axis Alexandre , Lemay Mathieu , Schoettker Patrick 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:
Intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative complications and death. Oscillometric brachial cuffs are used to measure arterial pressure (AP) in most surgical patients but may miss acute changes in AP. We hypothesized that pulse oximeter waveform analysis may help to detect changes in systolic AP (SAP) and mean AP (MAP) during anesthesia induction.

METHODS:
In 40 patients scheduled for an elective surgery necessitating general anesthesia and invasive AP monitoring, we assessed the performance of a pulse oximeter waveform analysis algorithm (optical blood pressure monitoring [oBPM]) to estimate SAP, MAP, and their changes during the induction of general anesthesia. Acute AP changes (>20%) in SAP and MAP assessed by the reference invasive method and by oBPM were compared using 4-quadrant and polar plots. The tracking ability of the algorithm was evaluated on changes occurring over increasingly larger time spans, from 30 seconds up to 5 minutes. The second objective of the study was to assess the ability of the oBPM algorithm to cope with the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) standards. The accuracy and precision of oBPM in estimating absolute SAP and MAP values compared to the invasive method was evaluated at various instants after algorithm calibration, from 30 seconds to 5 minutes.

RESULTS:
Rapid changes (occurring over time spans of ≤60 seconds) in SAP and MAP assessed by oBPM were strongly correlated and showed excellent concordance with changes in invasive AP (worst-case Pearson correlation of 0.94 [0.88, 0.97] [95% confidence interval], concordance rate of 100% [100%, 100%], and angular concordance rate at ±30° of 100% [100%, 100%]). The trending ability tended to decrease progressively as the time span over which the changes occurred increased, reaching 0.89 (0.85, 0.91) (Pearson correlation), 97% (95%, 100%) (concordance rate), and 90% (85%, 94%) (angular concordance rate) in the worst case. Regarding accuracy and precision, oBPM-derived SAP values were shown to comply with AAMI criteria up to 2 minutes after calibration, whereas oBPM-derived MAP values were shown to comply with criteria at all times.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pulse oximeter waveform analysis was useful to track rapid changes in SAP and MAP during anesthesia induction. A good agreement with reference invasive measurements was observed for MAP up to at least 5 minutes after initial calibration. In the future, this method could be used to track changes in AP between intermittent oscillometric measurements and to automatically trigger brachial cuff inflation when a significant change in AP is detected.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЕТРОГЕНЕРАТОРОВ НА ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ ПОЧВ ТЯЖЕЛЫМИ МЕТАЛЛАМИ
Authors: Kazakova Natalya Anatolevna , Sadretdinova Liliya Rushanovna , Muhametshin Aizat Askhatevich 
Published: April 2020

Актуальность. В современном мире появляется все больше путей получения каких-либо ресурсов и это ведет за собой определенные последствия, которые зачастую вызывают загрязнение окружающей среды. На сегодняшний день одним из путей получения энергии являются ветрогенераторы, поэтому изучение их влияния на окружающую среду, в том числе и почву, является весьма актуальным.Цель. Изучить степень загрязнения почв тяжелыми металлами на территории ветропарка, расположенного в селе Красный Яр Ульяновской области.Материалы и методы. В основу работы были положены общепринятые в геохимии и почвоведении методы [1–4]. Определение концентрации тяжелых металлов в образцах почвы поводили в агрохимцентре г. Ульяновска на атомно-абсорбционном спектрофотометре. Оценка результатов проводилась по «Перечню ПДК и ОДК химических веществ в почве» (№6229-91, 1991). Статистический анализ полученных данных проводили с использованием общепринятых методов и пакета прикладных программ MS Excel for Windows (2013).Во всех взятых почвенных образцах методом атомно-адсорбционной спектроскопии были определены концентрации следующих тяжелых металлов – Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd.Результаты. В ходе наших исследований были получены адекватные результаты, которые отражены в таблице 1. Из полученных данных было установлено, что содержание Pb 8,1 мг/кг, у окраины Красного Яра – 9,1 мг/кг, в центре Красного Яра – 10,7 мг/кг. Общесанитарная предельно допустимая концентрация (ПДК) Pb составляет 30 мг/кг. Результаты исследований показывают, что превышения фонового показателя по Pb в селе Красный Яр и у ветропарка не обнаружено.Наличие Cd было обнаружено во всех почвенных пробах, содержание которого не превышает ПДК (1,0 мг/кг).Содержание Cu также находится в допустимых пределах концентраций. ПДК Zn составляет 100 мг/кг почвы, превышение данного показателя не выявлено ни в одном из мест сбора проб.Наибольшее содержание Ni обнаружено на окраине села Красный Яр, но показатель не превышает предельно допустимый коэффициент.Заключение. Превышения предельно допустимых концентраций тяжелых металлов выявлено не было, поэтому, благодаря полученным результатам можно сделать вывод, что ветрогенераторы вполне безопасны для почвы и оказывают минимальное влияние на накопление в ней тяжелых металлов, что играет важную роль в экологии участка, выбранного под строительство ветропарка и близлежащих территорий.
Regular clinical supervision to enhance wellbeing in inflammatory bowel disease specialist nurses: a small pilot study
Authors: Younge Lisa , Sufi Halima , Dibley Lesley 
Published: April 2020

Background: Increasing demands oninflammatory bowel disease clinical nurse specialists (IBD-CNSs) can lead to overwhelming workloads, causing stress and burnout. Aim: To assess the potential for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based clinical supervision to enhance IBD-CNS wellbeing. Method: This exploratory qualitative study involved interviewing IBD-CNSs who had participated in CBT-based clinical supervision sessions delivered previously in one UK hospital by a psychotherapist. Interviews were audio-recorded, then transcribed and anonymised by an independent transcriptionist. Data were analysed thematically. Findings: Four nurses participated. Four themes emerged: ‘surprise benefits’, ‘learning from others’, ‘thinking differently to change self and practice’ and ‘features of clinical supervision sessions’. Participants found group CBT-based supervision helpful for thinking differently about work-related challenges. All wanted to continue but were concerned about accommodating clinical supervision in already-busy schedules. Conclusions: Regular CBT-based clinical supervision has the potential to enhance wellbeing of IBD-CNSs. Further research with more participants is needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
Gastrointestinal symptoms of pelvic radiation disease (part 2): impact on patients and carers
Authors: Ludlow Helen 
Published: April 2020

Background: Radiotherapy for pelvic cancers can affect any organ within the pelvis, including the gastrointestinal tract. These late effects, or consequences of treatment, can have a significant impact. These symptoms are collectively known as pelvic radiation disease (PRD). Aims: To identify and consider the experiences of people affected by PRD, including both the patient and their family and friends. Methods: Exploratory interviews were conducted with patients and their carers. The transcripts underwent framework analysis to identify key themes. Findings: Three main areas of concern were feelings of stigma, experiences of contact with healthcare services and the need, and occasional lack, of support from family and friends. Conclusion: PRD has a significant physical, psychological and social impact on quality of life for those affected, as well as their carers.
A Methodology to Reduce Uncertainties in the High-Flow Portion of a Rating Curve
Authors: Baffaut Claire , Sadler E. John , Ghidey Fessehaie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract.

Streamflow monitoring typically relies on the establishment of a rating curve that describes the relationship between stage and streamflow. This rating curve is based on direct and indirect measurements of discharge at various stages and application of open-channel hydraulics principles. Potential measurement errors increase with out-of-bank flow conditions because of difficulties in measuring flow velocity and flow depth during increased stages. With increasing frequency of large rain events attributed to climate change, it becomes critical to have an accurate rating curve for flood flows. This article presents techniques that, when used concurrently, can help identify errors and reduce uncertainty in the rating curve. They include commonly used techniques such as comparison of mean annual discharge per unit drainage area with those from nearby watersheds having similar characteristics. In addition, new techniques are proposed based on the hydrologic budget of a storm event and the analysis of the change in flow relative to time and stage. The methodology was tested using flow data from the 72 km2 Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed in northeast Missouri. Results showed that the original rating curve overestimated flow values by 30% for out-of-bank conditions. A revised rating curve was proposed based on channel conveyance. This revised rating curve satisfied the requirements of water balance and change in flow relative to time and stage. The resulting annual flows were reduced by up to 30%, better matching those of nearby watersheds. These techniques are useful for retrospective analysis of flow data series and for identifying rating curve inconsistencies.
Nanostructured coating of graphene nanoparticles deposited onto a
cladding etched no-core optical fiber for temperature measurement
Authors: Al-Rubaiyee Hussein Alaa , Al-Hayali Sarah Kadhim , Al-Janabi Abdul Hadi 
Published: April 2020

We report on a temperature sensor based on an optical fiber with
nanostructured cladding fabricated by graphene nanoparticles (G-NPs)
deposited onto a chemically etched no-core fiber (NCF). The basic
structure of this sensor comprises a
single-mode-no-core-single-mode (SNCS) fiber section concatenation.
The sensing head is the NCF segment where the modal interference is
highly sensitive to temperature variations. The influence of the NCF
diameter on the sensitivity of the sensor has been investigated. The
obtained results revealed that the sensor with an etched NCF diameter
of 60 µm coated with G-NPs embedded in polyvinyl alcohol exhibits a
maximum sensitivity of

−

0.104

n
m

/

∘

C

in the temperature range of 25–235°C,
which is approximately six times higher than that of the basic
structure without coating. To the best of our knowledge, this is the
first demonstration of a temperature sensor based on an etched NCF
coated with graphene-polyvinyl alcohol thin film.
Large area precision optical coatings by reactive ion beam sputtering
Authors: Sakiew Wjatscheslaw , Schrameyer Stefan , Schwerdtner Philippe , Erhart Nick , Starke Kai 
Published: April 2020

The demand for ion beam sputtering (IBS) coated substrates is growing. In order to introduce IBS technology into new fields of application, the uniform deposition area (UDA) must be further increased. In the present investigation, a simple approach toward enlarging a UDA and the corresponding scaling laws are presented. By taking symmetry properties into account, the collection efficiency of the sputtered particles could be doubled. A process is demonstrated which allows the simultaneous and uniform coating of two areas each with a diameter of 600 mm.
Experimental investigation of the time-delay signature of chaotic output and dual-channel physical random bit generation in 1550  nm mutually coupled VCSELs with common FBG filtered feedback
Authors: Cai Wei , Xiang Shuiying , Cao Xingyu , Wen Aijun , Hao Yue 
Published: April 2020

Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate mutually coupled 1550 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), subject to common fiber Bragg grating (FBG) feedback (FMC-VCSELs), to conceal the time-delay signature (TDS) of chaotic outputs. The autocorrelation function and delayed mutual information are used to quantitatively identify the TDS of chaotic output. For comparison, the evolution of the TDS of chaotic output in mutually coupled VCSELs (MC-VCSELs) is also presented. The effects of injection power, frequency detuning between two VCSELs, and frequency detuning between FBG and VCSELs on the TDS concealment are experimentally measured. Experimental results show that FMC-VCSELs have a better TDS suppression performance than MC-VCSELs for varying injection power. In addition, for the FMC-VCSELs system, the TDS can be suppressed to below 0.1 when the VCSELs x-polarization component is located at the edge of the main FBG lobe. Furthermore, dual-channel physical random numbers with verified randomness at a rate of 800 Gbps (

2

×
5

L
S
B
s

×

80

G
H
z

) are achieved by utilizing the chaotic outputs with a low TDS from two VCSELs in the FMC-VCSELs system.
Sub-two-cycle octave-spanning mid-infrared fiber laser
Authors: Huang J. , Pang M. , Jiang X. , Köttig F. , Schade D. , He W. , Butryn M. , Russell P. St. J. 
Published: April 2020

Compact and powerful ultrafast light sources at high pulse repetition rates, based on mode-locked near infrared fiber lasers, are now widely available and are being used in applications such as frequency metrology, molecular spectroscopy, and laser micro-machining. The realization of such lasers in the mid-infrared has, however, remained a challenge for many years. Here we report a record-breaking three-stage fiber laser system that uses an Er-doped fluoride fiber as gain medium, delivering W-level few-cycle pulses at 2.8 µm at a repetition rate of 42.1 MHz. A fiber-based seed oscillator, cavity dispersion-managed by a pulse-stretcher, generates near-100-fs mid-infrared pulses with

>

110

n
m

spectral bandwidth. These pulses are amplified to an average power of

∼

1

W

in a chirp-engineered fiber amplifier, and then compressed to

∼

16

f
s

in a short length of highly nonlinear ZBLAN fiber, resulting in a more-than-octave-wide spectrum reaching from 1.8 µm to 3.8 µm with a total power of 430 mW.