bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refractive outcomes of 8 biometric formulas in combined phacovitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for epiretinal membrane
Authors: Vounotrypidis Efstathios , Shajari Mehdi , Muth Daniel R. , Hirnschall Nino , Findl Oliver , Priglinger Siegfried , Mayer Wolfgang J. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
To investigate the accuracy of 8 different biometric formulas in combined phacovitrectomy and the effect of constant optimization on refractive outcome.

Setting:
Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.

Design:
Retrospective observational case series.

Methods:
In this single-center study, patients with cataract and epiretinal membrane who underwent combined phacovitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling (Group B) and axial length–matched patients who underwent phacoemulsification (Group A) were included. In Group C, optimized constants from Group A were applied in patients of Group B. One eye of each patient was included. Main outcome measures after constant optimization for each biometric formula were refractive prediction error (PE), mean absolute error (MAE), and percentages of eyes with a PE within ±0.25 diopters (D), ±0.5 D, and ±1.0 D.

Results:
The study comprised 128 patients. For all formulas in Group A and Group B, refractive PE was 0.000 (P = .964 and P = .967, respectively). For formulas Barrett, Haigis, Hill, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Kane, and SRK-T, refractive PE was −0.147, −0.204, −0.180, −0.212, −0.180, −0.178, −0.153, and −0.159, respectively, in Group C (P = .569); MAE was 0.346, 0.375, 0.382, 0.379, 0.355, 0.377, 0.318, and 0.364, respectively, in Group A (P = .286); 0.402, 0.422, 0.417, 0.427, 0.417, 0.402, 0.370, and 0.401, respectively, in Group B (P = .364); and 0.401, 0.424, 0.419, 0.444, 0.424, 0.404, 0.391, and 0.422, respectively, in Group C (P = .767). Effect of constant optimization in phacovitrectomy was statistically significant for all formulas (P < .001 for each formula).

Conclusions:
No statistically significant difference was observed between the biometric formulas with regard to PE and MAE. However, in terms of phacovitrectomy, constant optimization should be considered for individual intraocular lens power calculations attributable to myopic shift.
Visual outcome and optical quality after implantation of zonal refractive multifocal and extended-range-of-vision IOLs: a prospective comparison
Authors: Song Xiaohui , Liu Xin , Wang Wei , Zhu Yanan , Qin Zhenwei , Lyu Danni , Shentu Xingchao , Xv Wen , Chen Peiqing , Ke Yao 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
To compare the visual outcomes and optical quality of 2 presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs) with those of a monofocal IOL.

Settings:
Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Methods:
The study included patients who had cataract surgery and were implanted with a Tecnis Symfony Extended Range of Vision (EROV) IOL (ZXR00), a zonal refractive multifocal IOL (Lentis Comfort LS-313 MF15), or a monofocal IOL (Lentis L-313). Postoperative examinations took place at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months and included visual acuity at far, intermediate, and near distances, defocus curves, contrast sensitivity, wavefront aberrations, and modulation transfer function (MTF). Patients completed the Visual Function Index questionnaire (VF-14), the Quality of Vision questionnaire (QoV), and a visual quality self-evaluation.

Results:
One hundred thirteen patients were enrolled. The EROV and multifocal IOLs achieved a significantly better range of intermediate vergences (P < .05), better distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (P ≤ .001), higher VF-14 (P < .05) and visual quality self-evaluation scores (P < .05) than the monofocal IOL, but there were no significant differences between the 2 presbyopia-correcting IOLs. The EROV provided lower total wavefront aberrations and better MTF than the multifocal and the monofocal IOLs (P < .05) but demonstrated a worse QoV score (P < .05), especially for severity of halo (P < .01) and starburst (P < .05) symptoms.

Conclusions:
Both the Tecnis Symfony ZXR00 and the Lentis Comfort LS-313 MF15 offered excellent visual restoration and stable distance and intermediate visual acuity, good subjective visual function, and good contrast sensitivity. The EROV IOL provided better objective optical quality and more prominent dysphotopsia symptoms than the multifocal IOL.
Outcome of toric intraocular lenses implanted in eyes with previous corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Cao Danmin , Wang Li , Koch Douglas D. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the outcome of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with previous laser in situ keratomileusis/photorefractive keratectomy (LASIK/PRK).

Setting:
Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
Consecutive cases that had previous myopic or hyperopic LASIK/PRK and had undergone cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation were retrospectively reviewed. Included were eyes that had (1) preoperative ocular biometry measurements with the Lenstar, (2) no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and (3) available postoperative manifest refraction at ≥3 weeks with corrected distance visual acuity of 20/30 or better. Vector analysis was used to assess the preoperative corneal and postoperative refractive astigmatism.

Results:
In 56 eyes with previous myopic LASIK/PRK and 19 eyes with previous hyperopic LASIK/PRK, respectively, the mean magnitudes of corneal astigmatism were 1.34 ± 0.62 diopters (D) and 1.66 ± 0.80 D, 5% and 0% of eyes had anterior corneal astigmatism ≤0.50 D, and the centroid values were 0.31 D at 19 degrees ± 1.45 D and 0.74 D at 92 degrees ± 1.72 D preoperatively. Postoperatively, the mean magnitudes of refractive astigmatism were 0.36 ± 0.31 D and 0.34 ± 0.34 D, 80% and 84% of eyes had refractive astigmatism of ≤0.50 D, and the centroid values were 0.12 D at 152 degrees ± 0.46 D and 0.05 D at 172 degrees ± 0.48 D (all P < .05).

Conclusions:
Toric IOLs were effective to correct preexisting corneal astigmatism in eyes with previous excimer laser corneal refractive surgery.
Mid-term and long-term clinical assessments of a new 1-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL with hydroxyethyl methacrylate
Authors: Oshika Tetsuro , Fujita Yoshifumi , Inamura Mikio , Miyata Kazunori 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
To investigate the clinical outcomes after implantation of a new hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) at 1 year and 9 years postoperatively.

Setting:
Three surgical sites in Japan.

Design:
Prospective case series and retrospective review.

Methods:
In 110 eyes of 110 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a new hydrophobic acrylic IOL (Clareon CNA0T0), clinical data were collected preoperatively and at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. Of these eyes, 20 eyes of 20 patients were examined at 9 years postoperatively, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and clarity of the IOL were evaluated.

Results:
All 110 patients (110 eyes) completed every follow-up examination up to 12 months postoperatively. At 12 months, a CDVA of 20/30 and 20/20 was obtained in 110 (100%) and 101 (91.8%) of 110 eyes, respectively. The contrast sensitivity function was better than or similar to the age-matched normal controls, and there was no case of posterior capsule opacification requiring a laser treatment. Glistenings and surface light scattering were not seen in any of these cases. At 9 years postoperatively, a CDVA of 20/40, 20/30, and 20/20 was attained in 20 (100%), 19 (95%), and 14 (70%) of 20 eyes, respectively. One eye (5%) was treated with laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification. There was no case of glistenings and surface light scattering.

Conclusions:
This mid-term and long-term study indicated that the new hydrophobic acrylic IOL with HEMA was safe and effective with excellent postoperative vision. Glistenings and surface light scattering did not develop with this IOL in contrast to its predecessor.
Parent physical and mental health contributions to interpersonal fear avoidance processes in pediatric chronic pain
Authors: Birnie Kathryn A. , Heathcote Lauren C. , Bhandari Rashmi P. , Feinstein Amanda , Yoon Isabel A. , Simons Laura E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Theoretical models and evidence increasingly identify chronic pain as a family issue. To date, much of this work has focused on risk conferred by parental chronic pain status despite evidence suggesting parent mental illness and non–pain-related chronic illness may also contribute to poorer chronic pain outcomes in children. This study is the first to test interpersonal fear avoidance processes as possible mechanisms through which parent health (mental and physical) influences pediatric chronic pain functioning. We used structural equation models to test such an integrative model using cross-sectional data from a large clinical registry of 448 dyads of patients aged between 8 and 18 years (M = 14.57 years; SD = 2.38; 327 females) with mixed chronic pain and their parents (403 mothers). As expected, poorer parent global health was indirectly related to greater child pain interference through higher parent pain catastrophizing, and then through greater parent protective behaviors and child pain catastrophizing. The model demonstrated excellent fit to the data (χ2[5] = 5.04, ns; χ2/df = 1.01; comparative fit index = 1.00, root mean square error of approximation = 0.004 [90% confidence interval = 0.000 to 0.066]). Exploratory multiple-group comparison structural equation model revealed moderation of specific model paths based on child age group (8- to 12-year-olds vs 13- to 18-year-olds) and parent pain status (present vs absent). This study integrates family models of pain with the interpersonal fear avoidance model to extend our mechanistic understanding of parental physical and mental health contributors to pediatric chronic pain.
Hospitalized Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Confronting Challenges
Authors: McCoy Jeanne O'Neil , Holt Marilyn 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The hospitalization of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) presents unique challenges for individuals, their families, and care providers. These challenges include longer lengths of stay, higher rates of readmission, increased risk for complications related to multiple comorbidities, and poorer hospital experiences. Physical therapists and physical therapist assistants as members of interdisciplinary teams are well positioned to enhance the hospital experience and outcome optimization of persons with IDD when they are acutely ill and more vulnerable.

Purpose and Methods:
Following a brief review highlighting the effect of aging for adults with IDD along with common reasons for hospitalization and potential negative sequelae, the primary purpose of this article is to identify and confront challenges to enhance the hospital experience and outcomes of hospitalized adults with IDD. Practical advice is provided regarding examination and evaluation guidelines, early mobilization and safe patient handling, and strategies fostering continuity of care.

Conclusion:
Embracing these challenges ultimately facilitates return to prior or enhanced levels of activity and participation for adults with IDD.
Inspiring the Future of Physician Assistant Ultrasound Education: Lessons Learned From the Inaugural Yes, iScan Event
Authors: Bafuma Patrick , Bludorn Janelle , Baeten Robert , Fuller Fritz , Monti Jonathan , Norman Francisco 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), despite its rapid integration into undergraduate medical education curriculum, remains underutilized among physician assistant (PA) programs, with a resultant training gap between PAs and their physician collaborators. Herein, we present the Yes, iScan Ultrasound event, piloted at the 2018 American Academy of PAs (AAPA) conference, as a means to generate PA student interest in, and introductory engagement with, the emerging clinical adjunct of POCUS.

Methods
Physician assistant students and instructors were recruited to voluntarily participate. Student participants received pre-event online training access. They then competed in a team-based 8-hour competition covering core POCUS concepts of image acquisition, interpretation, and clinical implementation. Student participants' pre- and post-event self-assessments of their knowledge of how ultrasound could be implemented into clinical practice were analyzed using a 2-tailed t-test.

Results
A total of 62 students participated in the competition, with a post-event response rate of 53%. Surveys demonstrated a statistically significant post-event increase in knowledge of how ultrasound integrates into clinical practice from 3.9 to 6 (7-point Likert scale, P-value < .01, 95% confidence interval −2.51 to −1.76). Seventy-nine percentage of students reported being highly engaged throughout the event, with 95% of students recommending recurring incorporation into future AAPA conferences.

Conclusions
Students reported high engagement and a significant increase in their knowledge of how POCUS may integrate into clinical practice following their participation. Although these data suggest that such events are successful at generating enthusiasm for this emerging clinical adjunct, further studies on the impact of the event toward increased POCUS integration into PA education are recommended.
Evaluation and management of abdominal sepsis
Authors: Sartelli Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
The review focuses on the evaluation and management of abdominal sepsis.

Recent findings
A multitude of surgical approaches towards abdominal sepsis are practized in the world and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite decades of sepsis research, no specific therapies for sepsis have emerged. Without specific therapies, the management of abdominal sepsis is based on the control of the infection and organ support.

Summary
Early clinical diagnosis, adequate source control to stop ongoing contamination, appropriate antibiotic therapy dictated by patient and infection risk factors, and prompt resuscitation are the cornerstones of its management.
Management of severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the ICU
Authors: Al Duhailib Zainab , Dionne Joanna C. , Alhazzani Waleed 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Critical care physicians usually get involved in the care of patients with severe UGIB that is associated with hemodynamic compromise. We aim to provide the readers with evidence-based review of the management of patients with severe UGIB.

Recent findings
Proton pump inhibitors are the main pharmacologic intervention for UGIB, along with adequate resuscitation and timely endoscopic intervention. Endoscopic therapy should be performed as soon as haemodynamics stabilization is achieved, which requires team collaboration. Several radiologic interventions are now commonly used as a second-line intervention after endoscopy.

Summary
The management of severe UGIB requires multidisciplinary collaboration, prompt recognition and resuscitation, carful use of blood products, early correction of coagulopathy, and early endoscopic or radiologic interventions.
Update on extracorporeal liver support
Authors: Katarey Dev , Jalan Rajiv 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of review
Extracorporeal liver support (ELS) is a large unmet need in day-to-day hepatology practice. In an era of ever-improving outcomes with liver transplantation for very sick patients with either acute liver failure (ALF) or acute-on-chronic liver failure, the outcomes for similar patients who are ineligible for transplantation remains poor. Providing a bridge to recovery from these catastrophic conditions is the aim of ELS, and we aim to review the evidence to date of different ELS devices as well as look to the future of ELS device development.

Recent findings
Studies on different ELS devices shave been relatively consistent in their inability to demonstrate a survival benefit; however, recent published evidence has suggested ways in which the three key pillars to ELS – the disease (patient selection), device (ELS system), and dose (intensity) – may be modified to attain a more positive outcome. New devices are grasping these concepts and demonstrating encouraging preclinical results.

Summary
ELS devices to studied to date have not been able to significantly improve transplant-free survival. Newer ELS devices are currently in clinical trials and their results are awaited.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treatment of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection
Authors: Perler Bryce K. , Chen Brendan , Phelps Emmalee , Allegretti Jessica R. , Fischer Monika , Ganapini Vincent , Krajiceck Edward , Kumar Vinod , Marcus Jenna , Nativ Lotem , Kelly Colleen R. 
Published: February 2020

Goals:
We investigated the long-term efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI).

Background:
FMT has emerged as a promising therapy for patients with rCDI unresponsive to standard medical therapy, though long-term efficacy and safety data are scarce.

Materials and Methods:
A multicenter retrospective study was performed on patients treated with FMT for rCDI with ≥6 months of clinical follow-up post-FMT. Patients were contacted to document sustained efficacy, potential adverse events, and antibiotic exposure. The electronic medical record was reviewed to confirm patient-reported outcomes and obtain additional data. The primary outcome was sustained cure, as defined by the absence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) at any timepoint after FMT.

Results:
Of 528 patients treated, 207 were successfully contacted. The mean follow-up post-FMT was 34 (range: 6 to 84) months. One hundred fifty-seven patients (75.8%) reported sustained cure at the time of follow-up. One hundred patients (48%) reported the use of antibiotics for non-CDI indications post-FMT, of whom 11 (11%) had experienced CDI post-FMT. Fifty-two of the original 528 patients (9.8%) treated with FMT had died at the time of follow-up contact; none were felt attributable to the procedure. New medical conditions or diagnoses post-FMT were reported in 105 patients (50.5%). Fifteen reported improvement post-FMT in previously diagnosed medical conditions.

Conclusions:
In this largest and longest study to date on efficacy and safety after FMT for treatment of rCDI, we found that the majority of patients experienced long-term cure. Although a number of new conditions developed post-FMT, there was no clustering of diseases associated with dysbiosis.
The effect of an intensive patients’ education program on anxiety, depression and patient global assessment in diabetic foot ulcer patients with Wagner grade 1/2
Authors: Chen Huifen , Cai Cong , Xie Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to synthetically evaluate the impact of intensive patients’ education program (IEP) on anxiety, depression and patient global assessment (PGA) in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients.
One hundred eighty DFU patients with Wagner grade 1 and Wagner grade 2 were consecutively recruited in this randomized, controlled study and randomly assigned to IEP group (N = 90) or control group (N = 90) as 1:1 ratio. In the IEP group, patients received the IEP and usual care, and patients in the control group received usual care only. IEP included educating patients and their family members, supervising patients’ harmful habits and diets, psychological care for the patients and establishing a patient-physician-nurse WeChat group. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-anxiety/depression (HADS-A/D) and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/depression Scale (SAS/SDS) were applied to assess anxiety/depression at M0-M3. PGA score was also assessed at M0-M3.
For anxiety assessment, IEP group presented decreased HADS-A/SAS scores at M2/M3 and increased HADS-A/SAS score changes (M3-M0) compared to control group. For depression assessment, IEP group displayed reduced HADS-D/SDS scores at M2/M3 and raised SDS score change (M3-M0) compared to control group. Moreover, IEP group exhibited reduced PGA score at M1/M2/M3 and elevated PGA score change (M3-M0) compared to control group. Further subgroup analyses disclosed that IEP reduced HADS-A/SAS/HADS-D/PGA scores at M3 and elevated these score changes (M3-M0) in patients with Wagener grade 2 but not Wagener grade 1.
IEP ameliorates anxiety, depression and PGA in DFU patients with Wagner grade 2 but not Wagner grade 1.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a biomarker for predicting the intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease
Authors: Wu Gang , Yue Peng , Ma Fan , Zhang Yi , Zheng Xiaolan , Li Yifei 
Published: February 2020

Abstrat

Background:
In recent years, many studies focused on the association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the risk of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-resistant Kawasaki disease (rKD), with inconsistent results. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of NLR as a biomarker in detecting rKD.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure through May 18th, 2019. Meta-disc 1.4 and STATA 15.1 were used to perform this metaanalysis in a fixed/random-effect model.

Results:
A total of 7 relevant studies were eligible to analyze pooled accuracy. The overall performance of NLR detection was: pooled sensitivity, 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 – 0.70); pooled specificity, 0.71 (95%CI, 0.69 – 0.73); and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves value (SROC), 0.7956. The meta-regression analysis showed that the type of samples was the sources of heterogeneity. The subgroup analysis suggested that NLR detection after the initial treatment of IVIG had the largest area under curve of SROC in all the subgroups: pooled sensitivity, 0.58 (95%CI, 0.53 – 0.63); pooled specificity, 0.77 (95%CI, 0.75 – 0.79); and SROC, 0.8440.

Conclusions:
This is the first meta-analysis demonstrated that NLR might be a biomarker for detecting rKD, especially NLR value after the initial treatment of IVIG. More well-designed researches need to be done to launch the application of NLR for predicting rKD in the clinic.
Rare malignant ulcer related to primary intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Jia Ning , Tang Yanping , Li Yang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
The specific pathogenesis of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is still indefinite and argumentative. It is known that DLBCL is the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). A lot of cases of DLBCL such as primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PG-DLBCL) are reported. However, primary intestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PI-DLBCL) is unusual.

Patient concerns:
We present a case of a 57-year-old male diagnosed in the Gastroenterology Department, which presented a bleeding duodenal ulcer with irregular borders.

Diagnoses:
The immunohistochemical staining showed: CD20(+++), CD10(+) and Ki-67>40%.

Interventions:
The patient was successfully treated by Poly-chemotherapy with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vindesine and prednisolone).

Outcomes:
After 6 courses of chemotherapy treatment, the duodenal ulcer was completely healed by reviewing the UGIE.

Lessons:
Our report might give further strength to avoiding the erroneous and missed diagnosis for PI-DLBCL which is different from common duodenal ulcer.