bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of comparative studies of grain syrup quality
Authors: Alatyrev S S , Alatyrev A S , Zaitsev P V , Yu Bulatov S , Nechaev V N , Sizova Yu V , Moiseev A I 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the results of analysis of the chemical composition of molasses obtained in the conditions of agricultural organizations from locally produced grain. The research was carried out on wheat and barley taken from one of the farms in Russia. The prepared grain molasses is a homogeneous mass. In the finished product, moisture, energy feed unit, exchange energy, crude and digestible protein, crude fiber, sugar, and starch were determined by standard methods. The chemical composition in the finished grain product was determined at natural moisture and air-dry condition. Grain syrup obtained from wheat contains exchangeable energy of 9.56 MJ, crude protein 12.57 %, digestible protein 93.0.0 gkg−1 and crude fiber 2.33 %. In addition, 1 kg of the product contains 299.0 and 133.0 g, respectively, of sugar and starch. The finished product obtained from barley contains 73.6 % moisture, 2.48 MJ of exchangeable energy, 30.3 and 22.7 gkg−1 of raw and digestible protein, respectively, 1.37 % of fiber, 69.3 and 46.7 g sugar and fiber, respectively. Thus, according to the results of the material obtained, it was concluded that it is possible to prepare grain feed syrup under the conditions of a farm from local grain raw materials, in particular from barley and wheat.
Energy characteristics of induction water heater
Authors: Korepanov A , Lekomtsev P , Niyazov A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Many agricultural facilities do not have the ability to connect to gas supply networks; at such facilities electric water heaters are used as sources of thermal energy for heating and hot water systems. The issue of the use of induction heating as one of the most effective at such facilities is relevant. The aim of this work is to study energy characteristics of an induction water heater, such as efficiency and power factor. In order to determine the estimated efficiency and power factor the energy balance method was used. The experimental values of the efficiency and power factor are determined by the calorimetric method and with the help of an electric energy quality analyzer. The obtained value of the efficiency and power factor of the induction water heater corresponds to the calculated value with an accuracy of ±1%.
Hidden unemployment in Russia
Authors: Semenova A , Zaytseva N , Gordeeva L , Abrosimova M , Litvinova O , Makushev A , Nesterova N , Tolstova M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The crisis of 2014 led to a sharp drop in production in Russia. However, along with production, the output per workplace also fell, which is not typical of a market economy. The article explains this phenomenon. It is shown that the development calculated by the existing methodology for the Russian economy does not reflect the true labor productivity and therefore this indicator can be used only with significant reservations. The reason for this distortion is due to the peculiarities of the labor market in Russia. This feature is that when production falls, it is not profitable for companies to dismiss workers as a consequence of large social obligations. Companies reduce wages, attract specialists without hiring, and take wages to the gray sector. Such actions, in our opinion, are the result of imperfection of labor legislation in the Russian Federation. All this helps to explain the fall in production value added per one working place and explain the growth of hidden unemployment. The article assesses the hidden unemployment at the time of the crisis. The lack of flexibility in the labor market in Russia is negatively affects to the country’s economy and confirms view point by Timothy Besley and Robin Burgess.
Regulatory role of taxes in formation of incomes of various levels budgets in the Russian Federation
Authors: Zotikov N , Arlanova O , Lvova M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this article, we conducted a thorough analysis of the formation of various levels budgets over a long period (from 2003 to 2017 for the federal budget, from 2008 to 2017 for consolidated budgets of the Russian Federation subjects), revealed the insignificant role of taxes assigned to individual budgets in budget revenues, a weak regulatory function of taxes, especially in the budgets of the Russian Federation subjects and municipalities, in budgets of which the role of uncompensated receipts prevails. The study showed a highly financial dependence of the regions and municipalities on the federal center. Held for the period from 2011 to 2017 the rating showed a sharp differentiation of regions in terms of socio-economic development. Deficit characterizes both the federal budget and the budgets of regions and municipalities, which is primarily due to the imperfection of the existing fiscal mechanism in the country.
Accounting and analytical support: stages and prospects of development in the Russian Federation
Authors: Ivanov E A , Makushev A E , Kornilova L M , Yu Malinina L , Khristolyubova V V , Khristolyubov S N , Yu Serebryakova T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the study of the genesis of the Russian direction of information and analytical support of management processes of the modern economic entity was conducted. The symbiosis of accounting methodology, financial accounting and at the junction of such analytical disciplines as management and financial analysis there was an economic category “accounting and analytical support”. It can be noted that the need for its occurrence is explained by the economic conditions of management in the Russian Federation and the national mentality of accountants, analysts, and auditors. Modern reality shows that this economic category is firmly established in the theoretical basis of Russian accounting thought and has received a new impetus to development in the digital economy. Special relevance of accounting and analytical support of management acquired in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation.
Evaluation of spring durum wheat varieties by yield, structure and grain quality
Authors: Lozhkin A G , Malchikov P N , Makushev A E , Vasiliev O A , Shashkarov L G , Pushkarenko N N 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe article presents three-year data on the productivity of spring durum wheat varieties in the European continental climate, in order to select the most promising of them and determine the possibilities of breeding and technological adaptation in the region. The experiment involved five varieties of spring durum wheat as B 200, B 205, B 209, B Niva, and Luch 25 taken from Russian Middle Volga regions. Indicators of the best productive bushiness were noted in varieties B Niva and B 209. It was found that the number and weight of seeds in the ear, depending on the variety, varied proportionally to the length of the ear. The best indicators of the structure of the crop were established in varieties B 209 and B Niva. The weight of 1000 seeds was 42.32 to 53.3 g for different varieties of durum wheat. Taking into account the biological yield, the advantage of the variety B Niva over the control variant was revealed. The best formation of grain gluten was observed in agroclimatic conditions in 2015 and 2016: for three years the best indicators of gluten was on average 30.4 %and 29.95%, respectively, for varieties B Niva and B 200.
Transmission of NS5A-Inhibitor Resistance-Associated Substitutions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Recently Infected with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1a
Authors: Popping Stephanie , Verwijs Rosanne , Cuypers Lize , Claassen Mark A , van den Berk Guido E , De Weggheleire Anja , Arends Joop E , Boerekamps Anne , Molenkamp Richard , Koopmans Marion P , Verbon Annelies , Boucher Charles A B , Rijnders Bart J , van de Vijver David A M C ,   for the Dutch Acute HCV in HIV Study Investigators, Lauw Fanny , Posthouwer Dirk , Hullegie Sebastiaan , Bierman Wouter , Dofferhof Anthonius , Kootstra Gert Jan , Leyten Eliane , den Hollander Jan , van Kasteren Marjo , Soutekouw Robin , Ammerlaan Heidi , Florence Eric , Lauw Fanny , Posthouwer Dirk , Hullegie Sebastiaan , Bierman Wouter , Dofferhof Anthonius , Kootstra Gert Jan , Leyten Eliane , den Hollander Jan , van Kasteren Marjo , Soutekouw Robin , Ammerlaan Heidi , Florence Eric 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The transmission of direct-acting antiviral resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) could hamper hepatitis C virus (HCV) cure rates and elimination efforts. A phylogenetic analysis of 87 men who have sex with men recently infected with HCV genotype 1a placed one-third (28/87) in a large cluster, in which 96% harbored NS5A M28V RAS.
Sustained Reduction in Third-generation Cephalosporin Usage in Adult Inpatients Following Introduction of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Large, Urban Hospital in Malawi
Authors: Lester Rebecca , Haigh Kate , Wood Alasdair , MacPherson Eleanor E , Maheswaran Hendramoorthy , Bogue Patrick , Hanger Sofia , Kalizang’oma Akuzike , Srirathan Vinothan , Kulapani David , Mallewa Jane , Nyirenda Mulinda , Jewell Christopher P , Heyderman Robert , Gordon Melita , Lalloo David G , Tolhurst Rachel , Feasey Nicholas A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) remain the first-choice empiric antibiotic for severe infection in many sub-Saharan African hospitals. In Malawi, the limited availability of alternatives means that strategies to prevent the spread of 3GC resistance are imperative; however, suitable approaches to antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in low-income settings are not well studied.

Methods
We introduced an AMS intervention to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre. The intervention consisted of a prescribing application for smartphones and regular point-prevalence surveys with prescriber feedback. We evaluate the effects of the intervention on 3GC usage and on the cost of providing antibiotics. Using a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and participant observations, we additionally evaluate the acceptability of the stewardship program.

Results
The proportion of antibiotic prescriptions for a 3GC reduced from 193/241 (80.1%) to 177/330 (53.6%; percentage decrease, 26.5%; 95% confidence interval, 18.7–34.1) with no change in the case-fatality rate. The cost analysis estimated an annual savings of US$15 000. Qualitative research revealed trust in the guideline and found that its accessibility through smartphones helpful to guide clinical decisions. Operational health-system barriers and hierarchal clinical relationships lead to continued reliance on 3GC.

Conclusions
We report the successful introduction of an antimicrobial stewardship approach in Malawi. By focusing on pragmatic interventions and simple aims, we demonstrate the feasibility, acceptability, and cost savings of a stewardship program where resources are limited. In doing so, we provide a suitable starting point for expansions of AMS interventions in this and other low-income settings.
The political economy of a Northern Ireland border poll
Authors: McGuinness Seamus , Bergin Adele 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Given the increased prominence of a border poll in Ireland, particularly following the outcome of the Brexit referendum, this paper provides an initial assessment of some of the issues that are likely to become central in any debate on this issue. We examine the relative income and growth position of Northern Ireland within a UK and Irish regional framework over time. We further compare, and contrast, in detail aspects of the structure of both economies on the island of Ireland in the areas of educational attainment, trade orientation and the role of Foreign Direct Investment. The paper goes on to analyse other relevant issues, such as the relative strength and weaknesses of the healthcare systems and the factors determining the potential economic cost of Irish unification. The objective of the research is to initiate an evidence-based approach to the question of a border poll and to provide an initial indication of the breadth of detail and analysis required for any debate to proceed in a meaningful manner.
Isolation and characterization of a human pancreas-specific protein.
Authors: Nerenberg S T , Prasad R , Pedersen L , Biskup N S , Faiferman I 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Homogenates of human pancreas in saline were centrifuged at 27 000 X g and the supernates were fractionated by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gels were divided into sections and each section was injected into rabbits; after absorption with polymerized serum from apparently normal humans, the antiserum obtained by injecting one of the sections was tested against a variety of human tissue extracts but reacted only with saline extracts of human pancreas. The absorbed antiserum, polymerized and made insoluble with glutaraldehyde, was used to purify a pancreas-specific antigen by immunoaffinity batch technique. The purified antigen proved to be a protein with some carbohydrate content (180 mg/g by weight) and a molecular mass of about 2.25 X 10(5) daltons. The antigen is relatively thermostable, and precipitates in the range of 245.64-340.2 g/L saturated ammonium sulfate; its antigenic activity is not affected by incubation with ribonuclease or deoxyribonuclease, but is destroyed by incubation with trypsin or neuraminidase and by extraction with perchloric acid. Immunofluorescence studies show that the antigen is diffusely present in the cytoplasm of pancreatic acinar cells.
Immunological and biochemical evidence for identity of tartrate-resistant isoenzymes of acid phosphatases from human serum and tissues.
Authors: Lam K W , Lee P , Li C Y , Yam L T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We purified acid phosphatase isoenzyme 5b from a human spleen affected by leukemic reticuloendotheliosis and used it to produce a specific antiserum. The antiserum was used to show complete immunological identity among isoenzymes 5a and 5b in human serum, and 5b isolated from a giant-cell bone tumor and from the spleen of a case of Hodgkin's disease. Acid phosphatase 5b in a giant-cell bone tumor was isolated for biochemical characterization. Its pH optimum and substrate specificity were very similar to those of isoenzyme 5b from human spleen.
‘Double layer’ frozen elephant trunk with balloon endoclamping: a technique to simplify the 2-stage open repair of thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Di Eusanio Marco , Berretta Paolo , Cefarelli Mariano , Gatta Emanuele 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Staged replacement of the aortic arch and thoraco-abdominal aorta (TAA) with a frozen elephant trunk followed by TAA repair is a valuable treatment for patients with chronic TAA dissection. However, in patients with an unclampable descending thoracic aorta, the retrieval of the trunk can be problematic and the proximal stent graft-to-graft anastomosis technically challenging. Here we present our ‘double layer’ frozen elephant trunk technique to treat patients with TAA dissection.
Traveler, a New DD35E Family of Tc1/Mariner Transposons, Invaded Vertebrates Very Recently
Authors: Zong Wencheng , Gao Bo , Diaby Mohamed , Shen Dan , Wang Saisai , Wang Yali , Sang Yatong , Chen Cai , Wang Xiaoyan , Song Chengyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe discovery of new members of the Tc1/mariner superfamily of transposons is expected based on the increasing availability of genome sequencing data. Here, we identified a new DD35E family termed Traveler (TR). Phylogenetic analyses of its DDE domain and full-length transposase showed that, although TR formed a monophyletic clade, it exhibited the highest sequence identity and closest phylogenetic relationship with DD34E/Tc1. This family displayed a very restricted taxonomic distribution in the animal kingdom and was only detected in ray-finned fish, anura, and squamata, including 91 vertebrate species. The structural organization of TRs was highly conserved across different classes of animals. Most intact TR transposons had a length of ∼1.5 kb (range 1,072–2,191 bp) and harbored a single open reading frame encoding a transposase of ∼340 aa (range 304–350 aa) flanked by two short-terminal inverted repeats (13–68 bp). Several conserved motifs, including two helix-turn-helix motifs, a GRPR motif, a nuclear localization sequence, and a DDE domain, were also identified in TR transposases. This study also demonstrated the presence of horizontal transfer events of TRs in vertebrates, whereas the average sequence identities and the evolutionary dynamics of TR elements across species and clusters strongly indicated that the TR family invaded the vertebrate lineage very recently and that some of these elements may be currently active, combining the intact TR copies in multiple lineages of vertebrates. These data will contribute to the understanding of the evolutionary history of Tc1/mariner transposons and that of their hosts.
Resilience-based alcohol education: developing an intervention, evaluating feasibility and barriers to implementation using mixed-methods
Authors: de Visser Richard O , Graber Rebecca , Abraham Charles , Hart Angie , Memon Anjum 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Alcohol education must ensure that young people have appropriate information, motivation and skills. This article describes the fifth phase in a program of intervention development based on principles of social marketing and intervention mapping. The aim was to enhance drink refusal self-efficacy (DRSE) and help develop skills for non-drinking or moderate drinking. We conducted a mixed-methods feasibility trial that measured intervention effects among 277 UK secondary school students aged 14–16, and used qualitative methods to explore four teachers’ experiences of delivering the intervention. The intervention did not produce the desired changes in DRSE or alcohol use, but nor did it increase alcohol use. In the qualitative process evaluation, time constraints, pressure to prioritize other topics, awkwardness and embarrassment were identified as barriers to fidelitous delivery. A more intense and/or more prolonged intervention delivered with greater fidelity may have produced the desired changes in DRSE and alcohol use. This study illustrates how principles of social marketing and intervention mapping can aid development of resilience-based education designed to help students develop skills to drink moderately, or not drink. It also highlights the need to consider the constraints of micro-social (school) and macro-social (societal) cultures when designing alcohol education.
Perpetuants: A Lost Treasure
Authors: Kraft Hanspeter , Procesi Claudio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the classical, and forgotten, notion of perpetuants, see Definition 2.13, and in particular to exhibit a basis of these elements in Theorem 4.9, thus closing an old line of investigation started by J. J. Sylvester in 1882. In order to do this we also give a proof of the classical Theorem of Stroh computing their dimensions.
A Sialic Acid-Binding Protein SABP1 of Toxoplasma gondii Mediates Host Cell Attachment and Invasion
Authors: Xing Mengen , Yang Na , Jiang Ning , Wang Dawei , Sang Xiaoyu , Feng Ying , Chen Ran , Wang Xinyi , Chen Qijun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Many obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites have adapted a distinct invasion mechanism involving a close interaction between the parasite ligands and the sialic acid (SA) receptor. We found that sialic acid binding protein-1 (SABP1), localized on the outer membrane of the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii, readily binds to sialic acid on the host cell surface. The binding was sensitive to neuraminidase treatment. Cells preincubated with recombinant SABP1 protein resisted parasite invasion in vitro. The parasite lost its invasion capacity and animal infectivity after the SABP1 gene was deleted, whereas complementation of the SABP1 gene restored the virulence of the knockout strain. These data establish the critical role of SABP1 in the invasion process of T. gondii. The previously uncharacterized protein, SABP1, facilitated T. gondii attachment and invasion via sialic acid receptors.
Intracranial Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor With EWSR1-ATF1 Fusion
Authors: Ballester Leomar Y , Meis Jeanne M , Lazar Alexander J , Prabhu Sujit S , Hoang Kimberly B , Leeds Norman E , Fuller Gregory N 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumor that arises primarily in the extremities of young adults. Recurrent gene fusions involving EWSR1 with members of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) family have been reported in a diverse group of tumors, including AFH. AFH-like lesions have been reported to occur intracranially and the reported cases show low proliferation indices, frequently have a connection with the dura, and show recurrent EWSR1 rearrangements. These tumors have been termed intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor with EWSR1-CREB family gene fusions. A literature search identified 11 reported cases of intracranial AFH-like lesions with an EWSR1 rearrangement. Here, we report a case of intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor with an EWSR1-ATF1 fusion in an adult patient, and review the existing literature on this recently described entity.
Torsion of intestinal parasitic myoma after laparoscopic morcellation: a case report
Authors: Chrisostomos Sofoudis , Dimitrios Trouvas , Konstantinos Zioris 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Uterine fibroids represent the most common type of benign tumor of female genital tract with rate of incidence between 20% and 30% in women older than 35 years. According to current bibliography, the percentage is still increasing due to the fact that many women are postponing their reproductive mapping. Laparoscopic morcellation of uterine fibroids and uterus specimen after hysterectomies has great clinical significance, concerning dissemination and implantation of uterine fragments inside the peritoneal cavity. Parasitic myomas reveal a rare entity, reflecting a broad spectrum of pathogenesis. In cases of parasitic uterine fibroids surgical dissection is mandatory to avoid signs of malignancy.
Effect of in vitro cold acclimation of Deschampsia antarctica on the accumulation of proteins with antifreeze activity
Authors: Short Stefania , Díaz Rommy , Quiñones John , Beltrán Jorge , Farías Jorge G , Graether Steffen P , Bravo León A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Deschampsia antarctica has managed to colonize the maritime Antarctic. One of the main factors associated with its tolerance to low temperatures is the presence of apoplastic proteins with antifreeze activity. This work focuses on the effect of cold acclimation of D. antarctica on the accumulation of apoplastic proteins with antifreeze activity. Antifreeze proteins present in apoplastic extracts were purified by ice affinity purification, and their identity was determined by protein sequencing. D. antarctica plants were subjected to 22 days of cold acclimation at 4 °C. The highest content of apoplastic proteins with antifreeze activity was obtained at between 12 and 16 days of acclimation. Protein sequencing allowed their identification with &gt;95% probability. Percentage coverage was 74% with D. antarctica ice recrystallization inhibition protein 1 (DaIRIP1) and 55% with DaIRIP3. Cold acclimation of D. antarctica improved the yield of apoplastic proteins, and resulted in an increase in the antifreeze activity of apoplastic extracts. An in silico analysis suggested that the fluctuations presented by the three-dimensional structures of DaIRIPs help to explain the presence of certain DaIRIPs in apoplastic extracts under the cold acclimation conditions evaluated.