bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOES MUSICKING IMPROVE WELL-BEING IN LATER LIFE? USING BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS THEORY TO EXPLORE THE QUESTION
Authors: Wong Anna , Matsunobu Koji 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults are vulnerable to developing poor mental health as they experience significant life changes such as retirement, widowhood, living alone, institutionalisation, physical and/or cognitive deterioration in oneself or one’s partner, which are associated with increased depression and loneliness. Understanding the mechanisms and identifying effective measures that strengthen their capacities to cope are therefore very important. Extensive research has suggested that active music-making with others has many psychosocial benefits for older adults. This study explored in detail the musical experiences drawn from different settings of Japanese and Hong Kong music communities. Semi-structured group interviews were conducted for members of music-making groups in Japan and Hong Kong who regularly practised, rehearsed, and performed their instruments together in community settings. A phenomenological approach was used to capture and analyse their lived experiences. A needs satisfaction theoretical framework was adopted to shed light on links between their musical engagement and wellbeing outcomes. Active musical engagement was found to be an important source of support for older musicians’ psychological needs. It was central to their positive identity development and sense of purpose in old age. The presentation will further elaborate on underlying mechanisms that linked social, emotional, and artistic experiences of active musical engagement to wellbeing. This study identified active musical engagement as an effective agent in healthy ageing. Differential manifestations of need-supportive practices in musically and culturally distinct communities in Japan and Hong Kong were also described, giving evidence for the positive value of community music groups for promoting mental health and wellbeing.
THE IMPACT OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING ON LONGEVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Wang Sylvia Y , Kim Giyeon , Gilpin Ansley 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives: People tend to believe happier people live longer. However, relatively few empirical studies have examined the influence of subjective well-being (SWB) on longevity among older adults. Thus, our study investigated the impact of SWB on longevity among older adult using national representative longitudinal data in the U.S. Methods: Drawn from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, 6,757 older adults aged 65 or older with completed information of SWB from 2011 were selected and followed until 2017 annually. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to estimate the survival time between different levels of SWB without covariates. In addition, the Cox Proportional Hazards Model was used to investigate the impact of SWB on longevity while adjusting the influences of covariates. Results: We found that a higher level of SWB predicted longer survival times among older adults. The impact of SWB on survival times remained to be significant, but weaker, after adjusting the influences of age, educational attainment, household income, gender, marital status, number of health insurances, self-rated health, chronical medical illness, and mental health. Conclusion: Findings suggest that happier older adults live longer. Recognizing the importance of SWB on longevity, healthcare providers should develop programs promoting higher SWB to prolong life for older adults.
THE EFFECT OF OLDER ADULTS’ STRESS AND COPING ON LIFE SATISFACTION
Authors: Kim Meeryoung 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults experience stressors in everyday life, which can be acute or chronic stressors. When people are stressed, coping abilities and social support are important factors for increasing their life satisfaction. Using Pearlin et al.’s (1990) stress process model, this study compared whether acute or chronic stressors were more stressful. Additionally, the effectiveness of emotional, informational and instrumental support on life satisfaction were compared. This study used the 3rd and 5th addition wave of KReIS (Korean Retirement and Income Studies) which were collected in 2009 and 2014 respectively. For socio economic status, 3rd wave data was used. Independent and dependent variables were derived from 5th addition wave data. The sample size of this study was 4,072 older adults who were 65+. Daily hassles were used to indicate acute stressors, and physical and economic strain were used to indicate chronic stressors. For coping resources, social support and coping were used. Life satisfaction was used for dependent variable. Since the stress model is a process model, hierarchical multiple regression was used. Both acute and chronic stressors had a significant effect on reducing life satisfaction. Coping and social support both had significant positive effects on life satisfaction. In regard to social support, emotional and instrumental social support had significant effects on life satisfaction. These results implied that chronic stressors were more stressful than acute stressors. In addition, instrumental social support was found to be better than emotional social support for increasing life satisfaction for Korean older adults.
BUILDING RESOURCE NETWORKS IN SERVICE OF OLDER PEOPLE THROUGH STATE ARTS AGENCIES' COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE
Authors: Bienvenu Beth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
National, state, and local arts networks help build the capacity of public and private sector organizations to serve older adults through quality arts engagement opportunities. The National Endowment for the Arts has worked closely with state arts agencies to build networks through a community of practice to facilitate partnerships with artists, arts organizations, aging services, and the healthcare system. With more than 40 states participating, the initiative has resulted in new state partnerships, new state grant initiatives, and new arts learning programs for older adults. Arts service organizations also have a role to play in this work. For example, the American Alliance of Museums is building a network of museums that will develop and implement high-quality, intensive arts learning opportunities for older adults across the United States. This presentation will address how these networks are helping build capacity across the country to improve the health and well-being of older adults
CULTURAL AND SOCIAL RESILIENCE FACTORS ON HEALTH IN THE CONTEXT OF IMMIGRATION
Authors: Dong XinQi , Li Mengting , Guo Man 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Acculturation is a process whereby immigrants change their beliefs or behaviors in response to the prevailing norms and values in the host country. Acculturation may directly affect health outcomes, while it also operates through multi-level social factors, such as family relations, social network, and neighborhood cohesion, in shaping immigrants’ health. Asian Americans are the fastest growing minority group in the United States. Chinese Americans constitute the largest segment of Asian Americans. The five studies aim to profile multi-level cultural and social resilience factors of older Asian Americans’ health by analyzing the Asian American Quality of Life survey and the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Two studies, Acculturation and Cognitive Health and Factors Associated with Unmet Healthcare Needs demonstrated the direct effect of acculturation on health. Another two studies outlined a more complex mechanism between cultural and social determinants and health. Perceived Stress, Social Support, and Dry Mouth found the buffering effect of social support on the relationship between perceived stress and oral health. Neighborhood Social Integration, Social Network, and Cognitive Function identified micro- and macro-level resilience factors exert interaction effects on cognitive function. In addition, previous studies pay little attention to the dynamic nature of social relations. Transition in Family Relations in Immigrant Families took a typology approach to capture multifaceted family relations, with a longitudinal design to explore the transitions in family relations in the process of acculturation and its impact on mental health. This symposium will build an integrative resilience model for older Asian Americans.
CHRONIC CONDITION PATTERNS IN THE U.S. POPULATION AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH MORTALITY
Authors: Zheng D Diane , Christ Sharon L , Lam Byron , McCollister Kathryn , Feaster Daniel J , Lee David J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using data from 372,933 participants age &gt;18 years from National Health Interview Survey 2002-2014, we employed latent class analysis to develop latent classes or subgroups of participants based on their combination of 13 self-reported chronic conditions. Mortality linkage with National Death Index was performed through December 31st, 2015. Survival analyses were conducted to assess how the derived latent class membership predicted all-cause mortality and cause specific mortalities. Five latent groups were identified with 70.5% of the participants belonging to the “healthy group”. The other four groups represented various degrees and patterns of multi-morbidity and were labeled accordingly: “hypertensive group” 20%, “respiratory condition group” 3.9%, “heart condition group” 3.7%, and “severely impaired group” 1.9%. 32,609 deaths were identified with average follow-up time of 6.93 years. After controlling for survey design, age, gender, race, Hispanic origin, education, income, health insurance, BMI, smoking and alcohol drinking status, compared to the healthy group, participants in all four latent disease groups had elevated mortality risk: hypertensive group Hazard Ratio(HR) 1.57 (95% confidence interval [1.49, 1.65]); respiratory condition group (2.08 [1.93, 2.24]); heart disease group (2.27 [2.13, 2.42]); and severely impaired group (3.84 [3.55, 4.16]; all p-values &lt;0.01). Patterns of the chronic condition classes were also strongly associated with the primary underline cause of death. Four multi-morbidity groups, comprising 29.5% of the US population were at significantly elevated risk of mortality. Assessing patterns of disease co-occurrence in the US population may be useful for identifying individuals in need of targeted interventions to reduce mortality risk.
CHRONIC ILLNESSES AND FATIGUE IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Torossian Maral , Jacelon Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the United states, 60% of adults have one chronic disease and 40% have at least two chronic diseases. Fatigue is a commonly reported symptom in individuals with chronic illnesses, the prevalence of which ranges between 40-74%. It is associated with multiple risk factors and has a tremendous impact on quality of life, social functioning, mood, motivation and cognition. Despite its high prevalence, the relationship between fatigue and chronic illness has not been well explored. Accordingly, the focus of this synthesis of literature is to explore fatigue-associated factors and their relation to chronic disease. The databases searched were CINAHL, PubMed, PsychInfo and Web of Science, where the following keywords were used: “Chronic disease” OR “Chronic illness” OR “Chronic conditions”, “Fatigue”, “Elderly” OR “Older adults” OR “Seniors” OR “Geriatrics”. The synthesis resulted in four themes: understanding the concept of fatigue, factors related to fatigue, activity and fatigue, and self-management of fatigue. There were some inconsistencies in the findings among research studies which were addressed, in addition to the strengths and weaknesses of some of the fatigue measurement scales used. This literature review integrates findings about fatigue in chronic illnesses in various aspects, in the population of individuals who are of 65 age or older. The four emerged themes are of value to individuals with similar characteristics as the selected population, as well as to health care providers and researchers who may address the inconsistent findings and provide a strong evidence for best practice.
DIMENSIONS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH HEALTH AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Asante Samuel , Bang Eun-Jun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social support is fundamental to human survival, and is significantly involved in the attainment and maintenance of good health and wellbeing. Previous studies have often considered social support as a singular, non-dimensional construct. While this is important and enlightening, the method of adding up individual aspects to create a singular, non-dimensional construct has produced little understanding of these aspects/dimensions of social support and their implications for health. This study examined three dimensions or types of social support-affective, confidant, and instrumental support-and their associations with physical and mental health in older adults. Data for this study were obtain from Utah Fertility, Longevity, and Aging (FLAG) study. Participants involved 325 older adults, aged 50 years or older. Results showed a significant, strong positive correlation between affective support and physical and mental health, and weak association between confidant support and physical and mental health. The correlation between instrumental support and physical and mental health was moderate. After controlling for the influence of socio-demographic variables, affective and instrumental support significantly predicted physical and mental health. Confidant support was not a significant predictor of either physical or mental health. The findings suggest both affective and instrumental support might be relatively more important to the health and mental wellbeing of older adults than confidant support, underscoring the relative importance older adults attach to quality rather than confidant support, which essentially is quantity of social ties.
GRANDPARENTAL CAREGIVING AND CO-RESIDENCE, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, AND MORTALITY IN RHODE ISLAND CITIES AND TOWNS
Authors: Broccoli Julia , Cohen Steven A , Greaney Mary L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Grandparents co-residing with their grandchildren is becoming increasingly more common, with over 1.5 million grandchildren living with their grandchildren in the U.S. Furthermore, the number of grandparents who are primary caregivers for their grandchildren has also increased, which can negatively effects the grandparents’ physical and mental health, and increase social isolation and financial burden. However, the associations between grandparental caregiving and health outcomes are not well understood on a population level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess associations between grandparental caregiving, socioeconomic status, and population health outcomes. Using mortality data (2009-2011) from the Rhode Island (RI) Department of Health and life table methods for each RI city/town, life expectancy at age 65 (LE65) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated and linked to data from the American Community Survey on grandparental caregiving responsibilities, grandparental living arrangements (co-residence), poverty status, and demographics. Correlations and multivariable linear regression modeling were used to evaluate associations among LE65, ASMR, grandparental caregiving and co-residence, demographics, and poverty. Both LE65 (rho=-0.382, p=0.016) and ASMR (rho=0.327, p=0.042) were associated with the percent of grandparents living with grandchildren. The percent of grandparents as primary caregivers to their grandchildren was not significantly associated with LE65 or ASMR. ASMR was associated with the percent of grandparents living in poverty (rho=0.401, p=0.013) and overall poverty (rho=0.363, p=0.023). These results highlight conditions of community-based living and role of primary caregivers at an older age that should be further explored to improve the health of grandparents, particularly in multi-generational homes.
EARLY-LIFE MILITARY EXPOSURES AND HEALTH AMONG OLDER VETERANS: THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE
Authors: Taylor Miles G , Ureña Stephanie , Carr Dawn , Min Stella N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives Drawing on the life course framework and theoretical concept of resilience, we examine the impact of early-life service-related exposures (SREs) on later-life functional impairment trajectories among older U.S. male veterans. We conceptualize resilience as a psychological resource potentially moderating the lasting negative consequences of traumatic military exposures. Method Using the 2013 Veterans Mail Survey linked to the Health and Retirement Study 2006–2014 Leave Behind Questionnaire and RAND Data File (v.N), we estimate latent growth curve models of functional impairment trajectories. Results SRE to death has a persistent positive effect on functional limitations and activities of daily living limitations. Psychological resilience significantly moderates this association, such that veterans maintaining higher levels of resilience in the face of adverse exposures have considerably less functional impairment over time compared to their counterparts with low levels of resilience. Discussion Our findings point to the importance of psychological resilience in later life, especially within the realm of traumas occurring in early life. We discuss implications for current military training programs, stressing the importance of research considering individual resources and processes that promote adaptation in the face of adverse life events.
MOVING AND GROOVING: ACTIVITY BENEFITS OF SOCIAL INTEGRATION MAY DEPEND ON RELATIONSHIP QUALITY
Authors: Brown Colette J , Rook Karen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
New evidence indicates that being more socially integrated increases physical and leisure activities (Fingerman et al., 2019), thus reducing the health risks of being sedentary. Yet socially integrated individuals often have both positive (e.g., supportive) and ambivalent (e.g., supportive and conflictual) relationships. The current study investigated whether the two kinds of relationships exhibit comparable associations with activity levels, and in turn, health. In-person interviews conducted with a national sample of adults ages 65 to 91 (N = 916) assessed participants’ social ties, frequency of vigorous physical activity and leisure activities, and functional health limitations. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses structured to test mediation were conducted. Having more social ties (both positive and ambivalent) was associated with more frequent physical and leisure activity. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, both kinds of social ties were related to health limitations, albeit in opposite directions, with positive ties related to fewer limitations and ambivalent ties related to more limitations. Once physical and leisure activities were included, the association between positive ties and health limitations became nonsignificant, whereas the adverse effect of ambivalent ties remained unchanged. These findings reveal that the health benefits of positive, but not ambivalent, social ties may be explained by physical and leisure activities. This ability to get people up and moving has, until recently, been an overlooked benefit of social integration. Further investigation of the quality of social ties will extend knowledge of the pathways by which they affect health.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN A JAPANESE ELDERLY POPULATION SAMPLE
Authors: Ishikawa Yumi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Studies have been investigating the effect of financial difficulties on cognitive function especially in the US and Australia. However, there is still a discrepancy regarding the results. This study aims to estimate the effect of financial difficulties on cognitive function in a Japanese elderly population sample. It is rewarding to focus on the Japanese setting, which has the highest proportion of elderly in the world. Method: This study uses a longitudinal panel dataset which include randomly selected elderly Japanese citizens aged 60 and over; the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly. It is a panel dataset containing income and cognitive function. It is ideal dataset to capture the probability of onset of cognitive impairment as it focuses on the elderly. We estimate the effect of participants’ equivalent income on the probability of onset of cognitive impairment at a following survey point using random-effect probit model. Result: The first main result is there is a significant negative effect from financial difficulties on cognitive function. The results indicate that when participants’ equivalent income drops by 1%, they are 2.2% more likely to develop cognitive impairment. The second result is that this negative effect is heterogeneous, depending on their income level. Specifically, this negative effect is observed only at low income level, but not at high income level. That is, the deteriorating effect by impoverishment would be severe when the financially needy people faced income drops. Discussion: Income support plays an important role in improving recipients’ cognitive function, especially among the poor.
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND THE GENDER GAPS IN LATE AGE SELF-REPORTED HEALTH IN TAIWAN
Authors: White Robert , Huang Fang-Yi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The socio-economic status (SES) are the fundamental causes of gendered health disparity. However, how the gender gap in self-reported health (SRH) mediate by SES at old age over time is still unresolved. Some argue the SES measures play more and more important role to explain the gender gap in SRH at later age because the feminization of poverty and female’s longer widowhood increased the gap over life course through cumulative disadvantage approach. But others SES-SRH gradients in gender gap keep convergent by age since the effects of SES on health for male has declined and make the gender gap in health disparity vanish over time. Our results show for every age, increasing SES is associated with declining risk of reporting poor health and the effects can explain much more for women than men, especially for the younger old below age 70. The effects of SES and marriage on the magnitude of the gender gap are substantial approximately 40 percent among seventy year olds to the full gender gap among 55-64 year olds in 2006.