bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Barrier properties
Authors: Roso Martina , Cerclé Claire , Patience Gregory S. , Ajji Abdellah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUp to half of food spoils or goes to waste; packaging is one element that can extend shelf life and reduce the landfill burden. However, plastic packaging contributes to landfills and microparticles in the environment and, as a consequence, society has mandated industry and academics to identify sustainable materials to replace petroleum derived plastics. Oxygen, water, and CO2 permeability are among the physico‐chemical properties we measure to identify the suitability of new polymer formulations. Other application of gas permeability include petroleum engineering, carbon capture, water purification, and biological systems. Here we concentrate on the basic concepts of gas transport through polymeric film as well as the effect of structural and environmental parameters. We then describe common instrumentation and data they produce with a specific focus on reference standards. To identify the major research areas, we compiled 4271 articles indexed by Web of Science since 2017 with film and polymer as keywords. The VOSViewer software tool classified the 100 most frequent keywords from these articles into six clusters: nanofilteration, thin film composites, and reverse osmosis; nanocomposites, morphology, and polyvinyl alcohol; mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties; permeability, membranes, and transport properties; chitosan and antimicrobial and antioxidant properties; and, films, nanoparticles, and drug delivery. Barrier property research will continue to focus on developing biobased polymers and analyzers capable of measuring multiple compounds simultaneously with dozens of samples while minimizing time.
Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using Nickel Complexes as Catalysts
Authors: Kojima Takahiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNickel complexes have been investigated as catalysts in visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction for a long time. In this minireview, discrete molecular Ni catalysts are described to shed light on the utility in the reaction in relevance to metalloenzymes for CO2 fixation. In contrast to the cases of Ru catalysts, Ni catalysts for the CO2 reduction should be of importance due to high selectivity in CO formation.
Annual bluegrass weevil, paclobutrazol, and overseeding for annual bluegrass control in cool‐season turfgrass
Authors: Diehl Katherine H. , Elmore Matthew T. , Koppenhöfer Albrecht M. , Murphy James A. , Kostromytska Olga S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe annual bluegrass weevil (ABW; Listronotus maculicollis Kirby) host preference for annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is well documented, but ABW efficacy for annual bluegrass control in mixed turfgrass stands has not been researched. This study evaluated threshold‐based insecticide ABW control for annual bluegrass control in mixed‐species golf course fairway turfgrass. To investigate integrated pest management programs for annual bluegrass control in fairways, the effects of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) overseeding, three insecticide programs (preventative, threshold‐based, and no insecticide), and the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol (280 g ha–1, applied monthly) were evaluated for annual bluegrass control in field experiments conducted over 2 yr on golf fairways in North Brunswick and Bloomfield, NJ. Treatments were replicated four times and arranged in a split‐split‐plot randomized block design. Overseeding (whole‐plot factor) did not affect annual bluegrass cover at either location. Paclobutrazol (split‐plot factor) reduced annual bluegrass cover each year at both locations. At the North Brunswick site, paclobutrazol resulted in 0% annual bluegrass cover, compared with 37% in the nontreated control at the conclusion of the 2‐yr experiment. Insecticide program (split‐split‐plot factor) only affected annual bluegrass cover at the North Brunswick site. In the absence of paclobutrazol, the no insecticide program had lower annual bluegrass cover (23%) than the threshold (37%) and preventative (44%) programs at the conclusion of the experiment. These findings show that monthly paclobutrazol applications during the growing season can reduce or eliminate annual bluegrass after 2 yr. This is the first study to show that omitting ABW insecticidal control can also reduce annual bluegrass, although efficacy was site specific.
Analytical performance of a 25‐marker spectral cytometry immune monitoring assay in peripheral blood
Authors: Jensen Holly A. , Wnek Richard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHerein, we describe the development and analytical performance characteristics of a spectral flow cytometry assay for longitudinal immune monitoring biomarker applications in human whole blood and/or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This 25 immune biomarker panel and robust gating strategy, developed in normal healthy volunteers, resolves memory, polarization, and activation markers on T, B, and NK cells as well as myeloid subpopulations including monocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils, basophils, and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Three associated fluorescence‐minus‐multiple (FMM) designs are proposed as gating controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate intra‐run precision, post collection whole blood stability, and the impact of PBMC processing in the context of spectral cytometry. We achieved high intra‐run sample precision (<20% CV) for >95% of all gated immune cell populations analyzed across biospecimen types. Additionally, we explored the application of FlowSOM analysis and resulting impact on assay precision metrics. We observed biomarker stability in blood out to 24 h (86%), 48 h (83%), and 72 h (76%) while highlighting select markers (i.e., CXCR3) and rare cell subsets (i.e., naïve Tregs, plasmacytoid DCs, MDSCs) affected by storage and/or PBMC manipulation. Interrogation of sample type is imperative to coherent application of immune monitoring assays. Overall based on analytical performance, this 25‐biomarker spectral cytometry assay is sufficiently robust for implementation in translational research settings.
Ground motion selection based on a multi‐intensity‐measure conditioning approach with emphasis on diverse earthquake contents
Authors: Ghotbi Abdoul R. , Taciroglu Ertugrul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOne of the main tasks in performance‐based seismic risk assessment and design of structures is the quantification of uncertainty due to earthquake ground motion (GM) records. Therefore, there is an optimal suite of GMs for each structure, selection of which can be an elusive task complicated by—among other things—the fact that structural behavior migrates into load‐path‐dependent inelastic regimes as damage begins to accumulate. To facilitate the selection of an optimal GM suite, the GM selection based on a generalized conditional single‐intensity‐measure approach will be enhanced herein to allow users to select GMs based on two and average of more‐than‐two conditioning intensity measures. To formulate this task, an intensity measure vector consisting of several intensity measures will be populated to represent earthquake's amplitude‐, duration‐based, and cumulative characteristics. The idea of two and average conditioning intensity measures will then be formulated by considering the correlation between the intensity measures in the vector with two and average of more‐than‐two intensity measures, simultaneously. The cross‐correlation between the intensity measures in the vector will also be considered to ultimately form a conditional multivariate distribution from which one could draw any number of realization samples to find matching earthquake records so that the hazard consistency concept can be fully enforced.
Treatment tolerability and outcomes in elderly patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Dickstein Daniel R. , Egerman Marc , Monrose Erica , Varma Achintya , Ozbek Umut , Sharma Sonam , Liu Jerry T. , Gupta Vishal , Posner Marshall R. , Misiukiewicz Krzysztof , Miles Brett A. , Genden Eric , Bakst Richard L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeThe number of elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continues to grow. Management of this cohort remains poorly defined. We investigated treatment tolerability and clinical outcomes in this underrepresented population.MethodsWe identified patients aged ≥70 with nonrecurrent, nonmetastatic HNSCC treated curatively from 2007‐2018 and analyzed clinical covariates.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty patients with a median age of 75 (interquartile range:72‐80) were identified. Age and comorbidities were not correlated with toxicity (P ≥ .05). Patients who experienced a treatment interruption had significantly greater weight loss (P = .042) and worse overall survival (OS) (P < .001), but not worse disease‐specific survival (P = .45), or locoregional control (P = .21).ConclusionsTreatment interruptions were associated with weight loss and worse OS, but not disease related outcomes, suggesting an interruption in the elderly may be a surrogate for another issue. In sum, our data should guide clinical trial design to benefit this growing, neglected cohort.
Satellite‐based regional‐scale evapotranspiration estimation mapping of the rice bowl of Tamil Nadu: A little water to spare*
Authors: Hari Manoj , Tyagi Bhishma , Huddar Mohammad Sanaulla K. , Harish A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImproved regular and rapid monitoring techniques are needed to quantify evapotranspiration (ET) precisely on agricultural fields to enhance the efficient usage of water resources and protect water quality and the environment. This study proposes estimating and mapping ET using a vegetation index coupled with a crop coefficient estimation method over the famous rice bowl region of Tamil Nadu, India. The study utilized a very high‐resolution satellite—Sentinel—of resolution 10 m. The study is based on a crop coefficient—Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)—based ET estimation, which is one of the most adaptable practical approaches in quantifying crop water usage in multiple phases of crop growth on a regional scale. The results have been further calibrated using the surface energy‐based Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model to assess estimation correctness. The estimations analysed for the 2016–2019 kharif cropping season show good overall correlation with the coefficient of determination (R2) of ≥0.72, with mean bias error (MBE) of ≤0.0009 mm day−1 and root mean square error (RMSE) of ≤0.67 mm day−1, indicating a positive assessment of ET for the delta region of Tamil Nadu for reaching vindicable intendance of crop water in this region.
A comparative analysis of different biofluids using Raman spectroscopy to determine disease activity in ANCA‐associated vasculitis
Authors: Morris Adam D. , Morais Camilo L. M. , Lima Kássio M. G. , Freitas Daniel L. D. , Brady Mark E. , Dhaygude Ajay P. , Rowbottom Anthony W. , Martin Francis L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIdentifying persistent or relapsing disease in anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody‐ associated vasculitis (AAV) remains a clinical challenge with an unmet need for a reliable biomarker of multisystem disease. In this study, we confirm for the first time that Raman spectroscopy offers a novel cost‐effective candidate biomarker to discriminate active disease from remission in AAV with excellent accuracy. Spectrochemical interrogation of plasma and serum samples demonstrated equal ability to discriminate disease activity with good group separation on PC1 direction and a high degree of accuracy on validation testing using blind predictive modelling: F‐score 80% for plasma (specificity 93.3%, sensitivity 70%, AUC 0.95) and 80% for serum (specificity 80%, sensitivity 80%, AUC 0.92). Similar findings were seen on analysis of paired remission samples following successful remission‐induction therapy. A larger study with longitudinal data is required to validate these findings with the potential to aid patient care.
Biomarkers for prediction of skeletal disease progression in mucopolysaccharidosis type I
Authors: Lund Troy C. , Doherty Terence M. , Eisengart Julie B. , Freese Rebecca L. , Rudser Kyle D. , Fung Ellen B. , Miller Bradley S. , White Klane K. , Orchard Paul J. , Whitley Chester B. , Polgreen Lynda E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundOrthopedic disease progresses in mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), even with approved therapies and remains a major factor in persistent suffering and disability. Novel therapies and accurate predictors of response are needed. The primary objective of this study was to identify surrogate biomarkers of future change in orthopedic disease.MethodsAs part of a 9‐year observational study of MPS I, range‐of‐motion (ROM), height, pelvic radiographs were measured annually. Biomarkers in year 1 were compared to healthy controls. Linear regression tested for associations of change in biomarkers over the first year with change in long‐term outcomes.ResultsMPS I participants (N = 19) were age 5 to 16 years and on average 6.9 ± 2.9 years post treatment initiation. Healthy controls (N = 51) were age 9 to 17 years. Plasma IL‐1β, TNF‐α, osteocalcin, pyridinolines, and deoxypyridinolines were higher in MPS than controls. Within MPS, progression of hip dysplasia was present in 46% to 77%. A 1 pg/mL increase in IL‐6 was associated with −22°/year change in ROM (−28 to −15; P < .001), a 20 nmol/mmol creatinine/year increase in urine PYD was associated with a −0.024 Z‐score/year change in height Z‐score (−0.043 to −0.005; P = .016), and a 20 nmol/mmol creatinine/year increase in urine PYD was associated with a −2.0%/year change in hip dysplasia measured by Reimers migration index (−3.8 to −0.1; P = .037).ConclusionsInflammatory cytokines are high in MPS I. IL‐6 and PYD were associated with progression in joint contracture, short stature, and hip dysplasia over time. Once validated, these biomarkers may prove useful for predicting response to treatment of skeletal disease in MPS I.
Security‐aware authorization and verification based data aggregation model for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Nels S. Ninisha , Singh J. Amar Pratap 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the sensor nodes aggregate the environment and transmit the aggregated data to the Cluster Head (CH) or aggregator. Even though various data aggregation model is introduced, the resource‐constrained issues in WSN are complex to solve in the research community. Therefore, the authorization and verification‐based data aggregation model is proposed in this research to perform the secure data transmission. The proposed network model contains three functioning blocks, such as sensor nodes, aggregators, and data centers, respectively. The proposed data aggregation model involves five different phases, setup and key generation phase, signing, verification, authorization, and data aggregation phase. The sensor node creates the ID and private key to perform the data communication between the Cluster Head and data center. The data center generates the control message and transfers the message to CH and the sensor node. Finally, the data aggregation is carried out using the trimodel Least Mean Square (LMS) filter to achieve the data aggregation in WSN. Moreover, the proposed authorization and verification‐based data aggregation model obtained a lower prediction error of 0.0526 and consumed higher energy of 0.5567 J with the computational and the communication cost as 0.008 second, and 0.0139 second, respectively.
Run‐off and sediment storage: The effectiveness of mitigation measures against soil erosion and freshwater pollution
Authors: Boardman John , Foster Ian David Leigh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMeasures such as detention structures and buffer strips are widely used to limit off‐site damage of run‐off from eroding fields. The effectiveness of such measures varies greatly. However, ‘effectiveness’ is often narrowly defined and ignores the unintended consequences of damage to freshwater systems by sediments and other pollutants. Detention structures and buffer strips retain coarse sediment (>~100 μm diameter) but are less effective at retaining fine sediment.
A comparison of three model output statistics approaches for the bias correction of simulated soil moisture
Authors: Yang Yang , Turner Richard , Carey‐Smith Trevor , Uddstrom Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractErrors in the physics schemes and parameters of a land surface model can lead to large errors/bias in simulated soil moisture. In addition, large bias in simulated soil moisture may be caused by soil lateral water flow that is not described in a land surface model. In the present study, three model output statistics (MOS) approaches (a linear regression based MOS, a rescaling based MOS and a cumulative distribution function matching based MOS) are proposed to correct these biases and errors at stations that have soil moisture observations. Results show that the biases/errors in simulated soil moisture were significantly corrected by the three MOS approaches. The best performance was obtained for the linear regression MOS model consisting of four separate linear regression MOS models for different seasons throughout the year (MOS‐SN). However, for the linear regression MOS and the rescaling MOS, a few months' data may also be used for MOS correction when the same seasonal period is used for both model fitting and prediction. With respect to goodness of fit and performance, the linear regression MOS model is better than the rescaling MOS model, and the MOS‐SN is slightly better than the nonlinear cumulative distribution function matching approach. For sites where soil moisture observations are much shorter, or more intermittent, than meteorological observations, the linear regression MOS approaches can be used to reconstruct missing historic soil moisture data. All MOS approaches can also be used to correct the errors/bias in forecast soil moisture from weather or climate models at sites with soil moisture observations.
Interindividual Differences in Human In Vitro Intestinal Microbial Conversion of Green Tea (‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐Gallate and Consequences for Activation of Nrf2 Mediated Gene Expression
Authors: Liu Chen , Vervoort Jacques , van den Elzen Joris , Beekmann Karsten , Baccaro Marta , de Haan Laura , Rietjens Ivonne M. C. M. 
Published: December 2020

ScopeAn in vitro faecal incubation model combined with reporter gene assay based testing strategy is developed to characterize interindividual differences in the gut microbial conversion of (‐)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate (EGCG) and its consequences for potential activation of Nrf2‐mediated gene expression.Method & ResultsAnaerobic human faecal incubations are performed to characterize the microbial metabolism of EGCG including interindividual variability. EGCG derived intestinal microbial metabolite patterns show substantial interindividual differences that are correlated to relative microbial abundances determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results obtained show the time‐dependent formation of gallic acid, pyrogallol, phenylpropane‐2‐ols, phenyl‐γ‐valerolactones, and 5‐(3′,5′‐dihydroxyphenyl)valeric acid as the major metabolites, with substantial interindividual differences. The activity of the formed metabolites in the activation of EpRE‐mediated gene expression is tested by EpRE‐LUX reporter gene assay. In contrast to EGCG, at low micromolar concentrations, especially gallic acid, pyrogallol, and catechol induce significant activity in the EpRE‐LUX assay.ConclusionsGiven these results and taking the level of formation into account, it is concluded that especially gallic acid and pyrogallol contribute to the EpRE‐mediated beneficial effects of EGCG. The interindividual differences in the formation may result in interindividual differences in the beneficial effects of EGCG and green tea consumption.
One‐minute whole‐brain magnetization transfer ratio imaging with intrinsic B1‐correction
Authors: Afshari Roya , Santini Francesco , Heule Rahel , Meyer Craig H. , Pfeuffer Josef , Bieri Oliver 
Published: December 2020

PurposeMagnetization transfer ratio (MTR) histograms are used widely for the assessment of diffuse pathological changes in the brain. For broad clinical application, MTR scans should not only be fast, but confounding factors should also be minimized for high reproducibility. To this end, a 1‐minute whole‐brain spiral MTR method with intrinsic B1‐field correction is introduced.MethodsA spiral multislice spoiled gradient‐echo sequence with adaptable magnetization‐transfer saturation pulses (angle β) is proposed. After a low‐resolution single‐shot spiral readout and a dummy preparation period, high‐resolution images are acquired using an interleaved spiral readout. For whole‐brain MTR imaging, 50 interleaved slices with three different magnetization‐transfer contrasts (β = 0°, 350°, and 550°) together with an intrinsic B1‐field map are recorded in 58.5 seconds on a clinical 3T system. From the three contrasts, two sets of MTR images are derived and used for subsequent B1 correction, assuming a linear dependency on β. For validation, a binary spin bath model is used.ResultsFor the proposed B1‐correction scheme, numerical simulations indicate for brain tissue a decrease of about a factor of 10 for the B1‐related bias on MTR. As a result, following B1 correction, MTR differences in gray and white matter become markedly accentuated, and the reproducibility of MTR histograms from scan–rescan experiments is improved. Furthermore, B1‐corrected MTR histograms show a lower variability for age‐matched normal‐appearing brain tissue.ConclusionFrom its speed and offering intrinsic B1 correction, the proposed method shows excellent prospects for clinical studies that explore magnetization‐transfer effects based on MTR histogram analysis.
Asymptomatic pleural thickening with effusion as the only manifestation of IgG4‐related disease
Authors: Kolekar Shailesh , Fjaellegaard Katrine , Petersen Jesper Koefod , Olsen Karen Ege , Clementsen Paul Frost , Bodtger Uffe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImmunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐related disease is a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder that can affect almost any tissue. Isolated IgG4 pleural disease is a rare manifestation and, when present, is usually described in patients presenting with dyspnoea. We present a case of asymptomatic isolated IgG4 pleural effusion and highlight that IgG4‐related disease should be remembered as a differential diagnosis in patients with pleural effusion and pleural thickening, even if asymptomatic and without any other organ involvement.
Greener and Additive‐Free Ring Opening of Epoxides by All‐in‐One Choline Systems
Authors: Shahiri‐Haghayegh Mehran , Azizi Najmedin , Heidarzadeh Fatemeh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdaptation of all‐in‐one ionic systems with ionic liquids (ILs) serving as solvent, reactant, and catalyst is an innovative approach in the organic synthesis. Mild and bio clean choline based ILs as all‐in‐one systems (solvent, reagent, and catalyst) were developed via a simple metathesis approach and were applied on the ring‐opening reaction of epoxides. Sustained transformation of various epoxides using choline cyanide, azide, and hydroxide ILs delivered a neat, efficient and convenient protocol for the synthesis of β‐substituted alcohols in moderate to high yields (64‐97 %) with excellent activity and selectivity as confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data.