bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid image of three contents
Authors: Sripian Peeraya , Yamaguchi Yasushi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA hybrid image allows multiple image interpretations to be modulated by the viewing distance. Originally, it can be constructed by combining the low and high spatial frequencies of two different images. The original hybrid image synthesis was limited to similar shapes of source images that were aligned in the edges, e.g., faces with a different expression, to produce an effective double image interpretation. In our previous work, we proposed a noise-inserted method for synthesizing a hybrid image from dissimilar shape images or unaligned images. In this work, we propose a novel method for adding an image to be seen from a middle viewing distance. The middle-frequency (MF) image is extracted by a special bandpass filter, which generates ringing while extracting only specified frequency bands. With this method, the middle frequency should be perceived as a meaningless pattern when viewed from a far distance and close up. A parameter tuning experiment was performed to determine the suitable cutoff frequencies for designing the filter for the MF image. We found that ringings of a suitable size could be used to make the middle frequency less noticeable when seen from far away.
The role of Tumor necrosis factor alpha −308 G>A promoter polymorphism in pediatric community acquired pneumonia
Authors: El Gendy Fady M. , El-Mekkawy Muhammad Said , El-Naidany Sherin Sobhy , El-torgoman Shimaa Tarek 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) −308 G>A promoter polymorphism might be associated with excessive production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, modulating host response to pulmonary infections. Our objective was to evaluate the association of TNF-α gene −308 G>A polymorphism with susceptibility to, and severity of, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Results
This was a cross-sectional study including 45 Egyptian children hospitalized for CAP in addition to 45 healthy children who served as a control group. Pneumonia severity was assessed on admission by the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines; Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS) score; Predisposition, Infection, Response and Organ failure (PIROm) score; and Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) score. Genotyping of TNF-α polymorphism was performed to all individuals by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Patients were monitored till hospital discharge. Frequency of AG genotype was lower among patients compared with control [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13 (0.03–0.63); p = 0.012]. Prevalence of genotypes AA+AG was lower among patients compared with controls [OR and 95% CI = 0.34 (0.12–0.99); p = 0,048]. The “A” allele prevalence was higher among controls, but no significant association was found with CAP [OR and 95% CI = 0.58 (0.25–1.35); p = 0.21]. When PRESS score was used to classify patients into “severe pneumonia” and “non-severe pneumonia,” no significant association of any of the alleles or genotypes with CAP severity was found.

Conclusion
TNF-α −308 G>A polymorphism confers protection from pediatric CAP but is not associated with indicators of CAP severity. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings in pediatric patients from different ethnicities.
Using a knowledge exchange event to assess study participants’ attitudes to research in a rapidly evolving research context
Authors: Beange Iona , Kirkham Elizabeth J. , Fletcher-Watson Sue , Iveson Matthew H. , Lawrie Stephen M. , Batty G. David , Boardman James P. , Deary Ian J. , Black Corri , Porteous David J. , McIntosh Andrew M. 
Published: February 2020

Background: The UK hosts some of the world’s longest-running longitudinal cohort studies, who make repeated observations of their participants and use these data to explore health outcomes. An alternative method for data collection is record linkage; the linking together of electronic health and administrative records. Applied nationally, this could provide unrivalled opportunities to follow a large number of people in perpetuity. However, public attitudes to the use of data in research are currently unclear. Here we report on an event where we collected attitudes towards recent opportunities and controversies within health data science. Methods: The event was attended by ~250 individuals (cohort members and their guests), who had been invited through the offices of their participating cohort studies. There were a series of presentations describing key research results and the audience participated in 15 multiple-choice questions using interactive voting pads. Results: Our participants showed a high level of trust in researchers (87% scoring them 4/5 or 5/5) and doctors (81%); but less trust in commercial companies (35%). They supported the idea of researchers using information from both neonatal blood spots (Guthrie spots) (97% yes) and from electronic health records (95% yes). Our respondents were willing to wear devices like a ’Fit-bit’ (78% agreed) or take a brain scan that might predict later mental illness (73%). However, they were less willing to take a new drug for research purposes (45%). They were keen to encourage others to take part in research; whether that be offering the opportunity to pregnant mothers (97% agreed) or extending invitations to their own children and grandchildren (98%). Conclusions: Our participants were broadly supportive of research access to data, albeit less supportive when commercial interests were involved. Public engagement events that facilitate two-way interactions can influence and support future research and public engagement efforts.
Level of health behaviours of HCV infected patients treated with dialysotherapy
Authors: Sierpińska Lidia , Lis Karolina 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the greatest epidemiological risks worldwide (3% infected globally). Dialysis patients are the group at high risk of infections transmitted via blood, are often infected with HCV virus, and suffer from acute or chronic hepatitis. Anti-health behaviours enhance the process of liver fibrosis. The objective of the study was recognition of the level of health behaviours in HCV-infected haemodialysis patients. Materials and Method. The study included 149 adult patients on dialysis infected with HCV, hospitalized in two dialysotherapy centres: the Military Medical Institute and Clinical Hospital in Warsaw. In the study there also participated family members and acquaintances of students of the Higher School in Radom. The study was conducted during the first half of 2017 by a diagnostic survey, using research instrument Health Behaviours Inventory (HBI) according to Z. Juczyński. The questionnaire concerned: eating habits, prophylactic behaviours, everyday health practice, and positive psychological attitude.Results. 73.8% of respondents presented a high level of health behaviours (7–10 sten scores), mediocre - 19.5% (5–6 sten scores), and low – 6.7% (1–4 sten scores). The highest mean value evidencing health promoting life style of the patients was observed with respect to prophylactic behaviours (4.0±0.4), while eating habits and health practices were on the level 3.9±0.4-0.5. The lowest value indicating the least pro-health behaviours concerned positive psychological attitude (3.7±0.4). Conclusions. The overall rate of health behaviours of dialysed HCV patients was high. The dominant category was prophylactic behaviours, whereas the lowest results were obtained with respect to positive psychological attitude. The respondents infected with HCV for longer than 10 years, mainly males, those aged 60-84, with primary vocational education, living in rural areas, and non-active occupationally, had the greatest needs for psychotherapy. It is necessary to provide psychological support for dialysis patients infected with HCV.
Features of autonomous regulation in young subjects with increased vestibular analyzer sensitivity
Authors: Vadzyuk S. , Shmata R. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Each person's body have adaptation during the load due to different changes in the cardiovascular system. One of the first systems that responds to any factors and is actively involved in the processes of adaptation is the autonomic nervous system. It is known that as a result of excitement of the vestibular analyzer kinetosis develops - "motion sickness", which is accompanied by nausea, dizziness, unsteadiness of gait, general weakness. In this regard, assessment of the functional state of the body and its adaptive reserves continues to be one of the most important problems of modern physiology and medicine.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the features of autonomous regulation in subjects with increased sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer.Materials and methods: 60 people between the ages of 18-19 were examined. Vestibular sensitivity was determined with a help of questionnaire. The state of the autonomic nervous system was determined by analyzing heart rate variability using a 5-minute ECG registration technique. The registration and recording was performed by the «PolySpectr +» computer program.Results and discussion: Based on the questionnaire, the students were divided into 2 groups: with proper and with increased vestibular sensitivity. In students with proper vestibular sensitivity, the LF / HF ratio of 1.06 indicates a balanced type of autonomic heart rate modulation. The analysis of spectral indices in subjects with increased vestibular sensitivity showed a lower overall power of the spectrum, which indicates less functional reserves of the organism. We set much higher HF waves, which indicates an increase in the activity of the parasympathetic system. This is also indicated by the LF / HF ratio of 0.59. When considering the rhythmograms of subjects with increased vestibular sensitivity, 64% of 1-st grade rhythmograms, 20% of 2-nd grade rhythmograms and 16.6% of 3-rd grade rhythmograms were registered. When assessing rhythmograms of the 3-rd class, it can be concluded that the level of functional reserves of subjects with increased sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer can be reduced, which may lead to a decrease in the adaptive capacity of these subjects.Conclusions: In subjects with increased vestibular sensitivity, the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system makes the greatest contribution to the regulation of cardiac rhythm.
Technical background to the conference tourism in polish accommodation objects
Authors: Parzych Krzysztof 
Published: February 2020

An analysis of the technical facilities of conference tourism in accommodation facilities adapted for the organization of conference meetings in Poland and individual voivodships indicates significant spatial differences and a strong concentration of the potential of the technical facilities of conference tourism.The largest number of accommodation facilities equipped with conference rooms, the largest number of conference rooms and the number of places in conference rooms are characterized by the most urbanized voivodships (Masovian/mazowieckie), Lesser Poland/małopolskie, Lower Silesian/dolnoślaskie, Greater Poland/wielkopolskie, Silesian/ślaskie, West Pomeranian/ zachodniopomorskie and Pomeranian), whose main administrative centers are the largest urban agglomerations in Poland. This confirms the general trends of the location of conference tourism and its connections with large urban agglomerations. In addition, hotel facilities adapted to perform the conference function in these voivodships have the best technical facilities for organizing conference meetings.The weakest conference facilities, the smallest number of facilities, rooms, beds and facilities with appropriate technical facilities are characterized by peripheral and poorly urbanized voivodships (Opole Voivodeship, Świętokrzyskie, Podlaskie). The high dynamics of the development of conference tourism in Poland is characteristic, which is confirmed by the clear increase in the number of facilities adapted to perform the function of conference tourism reception, the number of rooms and conference rooms as well as the high dynamics of increase in the technical elements of accommodation facilities adapted to perform the function of the conference. This phenomenon is observable in the country as a whole and in all individual provinces. Outline of content: This study analyzes the technical facilities of conference tourism of Poland's accommodation facilities in the administrative system of provinces. The problem analysis was made for all voivodships in Poland based on the data of the Central Data Bank of the Statistics Poland. In addition, an analysis of the spatial distribution of technical elements of accommodation facilities for the needs of conference tourism was carried out. The analysis of the problem was made in relation to data from 2009 and 2017.
Determination of Fill Factor and Efficiency in Solar Cell Type (99 × 69) mm2 with Arduino Uno R3 Based Drive assisted by Logger Pro 3.14.1
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Toifur Moh. , Ishafit Ishafit 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak- The study about fill factor and efficiency solar cell have been done with an automatic drive machine that rotates the surface of the solar cell following the movement of the light source from 0° up to 90° compared without automatic drive. The test results are then implemented to determine the fill factor and efficiency in variations in light intensity. In this study, polycrystalline solar cell type (99 × 69) mm2, the Philips 100W/220V light bulb at a distance of 18 cm and the driving machine is controlled through an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller. Data acquisition of current and voltage is carried out with the help of DCP-BTA current and VP-BTA voltage probes that are connected to the mini labquest transducer and displayed to a computer through loggerpro software. The result show that it has been successfully designed an automatic driver of a solar panel (99 × 69) mm2 with an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller and a logger pro software as data acquisition software. The using solar cell automatically driven can improve the accuracy and precision of current and voltage readings so the fill factor might be increased up to 10% while the efficiency of solar cells does not change. Variations in light intensity can increase the fill factor and efficiency of solar cells. Fill factor and efficiency have an exponentially relationship to light intensity.
Cranial nerves: part 1
Authors: Kirk Andrew 
Published: February 2020

The clinical examination is an important part of any patient consultation. After the primary survey and patient history, a more in-depth examination of the patient is sometimes required to aid the working diagnosis and help negate other differential diagnoses. The extent of this depends on the stability of the patient and may not be possible in time-critical circumstances. However, it is becoming an increasing part of paramedic practice owing to the continued expansion of the scope of the paramedic role in both urgent and emergency care. Educational delivery of clinical examinations of each of the main body systems is now an integral part of undergraduate paramedic curricula. The forthcoming clinical examination series will provide a step-by-step overview for each of the main body systems. Continuing professional development (CPD) is an essential requirement for all clinicians in order to maintain and demonstrate currency and advancement within their roles. This series will therefore provide an overview of each examination to support students, newly qualified paramedics and paramedics wishing to use these as a CPD development activity and an aide-memoire for clinical practice. This article will provide an overview of initial examination considerations, including first impressions. In this month's edition, cranial nerves I–VI will be explored.
Device for real-time monitoring of oil-in-water and suspended solids based on thermal lens spectrometry and light scattering
Authors: Lacapmesure Axel M. , Martínez Oscar E. , Kunik Darío 
Published: February 2020

A novel system suitable for simultaneous monitoring of both oil-in-water and suspended solids based on thermal lens spectroscopy and forward light scattering is presented. The technique measures the concentration of dissolved hydrocarbons and simultaneously detects single oil droplets and suspended particles separately. The device was tested with injection water samples from an on-field water treatment plant, and hydrocarbon concentrations were measured with a precision better than 5% in the range of up to 100 ppm, reaching resolutions as low as 0.03 ppm. Particle detection was tested with model samples of dyed and undyed polystyrene spheres acting as absorption and scattering centers, which simulated oil droplets and suspended solids, respectively. We show that particles of different sizes are distinguished by the magnitude of the perturbations introduced in the signals, and their concentrations can be measured independently of dissolved components.
Precise building deformation measurement using holographic multipoint replication
Authors: Guerra Flavio , Haist Tobias , Warsewa Alexander , Hartlieb Simon , Osten Wolfgang , Tarín Cristina 
Published: February 2020

For the active control of large-scale structures, especially high-rise buildings and bridges, fast and accurate measurement of local deformations is required. We present a highly accurate and fast vision-based measurement technique and, to the best of our knowledge, first experimental results for the control of an adaptive-structures prototype frame, equipped with hydraulic actuators. Deformations are detected at multiple discrete points, based on a photogrammetric approach with additional holographic spot replication. The replication leads to effective averaging of most error contributions, especially discretization and photon noise. Measurements over a distance of 11.4 m result in a measurement uncertainty of 0.0077 pixel (corresponding to 0.055 mm in object space).
Homo-epitaxial secondary growth of ZnO nanowire arrays for a UV-free warm white light-emitting diode application
Authors: Zhang Tanglei , Zhang Xianghui , Ding Baoyu , Shen Jie , Hu Yongmin , Gu Haoshuang 
Published: February 2020

The warm white homojunction light-emitting diode (LED) was fabricated
by a doped ZnO nanowire array homojunction with homo-epitaxial
secondary grown on a GaN substrate by the chemical vapor deposition
method. Due to the high quality of the nanosized ZnO homojunction, the
I–V characteristic curve of the ZnO homojunction shows good pn
junction rectification characteristics, and the turn-on voltage is
about 6 V. Under forward bias, bright yellow light was emitting from
the homojunction LED. From the electroluminescence spectrum, the main
luminescence peak is divided into a small part of blue light of about
420 nm and dominated yellow-green light of about 570 nm. The CIE color
space chromaticity survey shows that the chromaticity coordinates of
the homojunction LED are at (0.3358, 0.3341), which indicate that
fabricated white LEDs have potential applications in efficient and
healthy lighting and displaying fields.
Rhodopsin and melanopsin contributions to human brightness estimation
Authors: Zele Andrew J. , Dey Ashim , Adhikari Prakash , Feigl Beatrix 
Published: February 2020

We examined the contributions of rhodopsin and melanopsin to human brightness estimation under dim lighting. Absolute brightness magnitudes were estimated for full-field, rhodopsin-, or melanopsin-equated narrowband lights (

λ

m
a
x

:

462

, 499, 525 nm). Our data show that in scotopic illumination (

−

5.1

to

−

3.9

log

µ

W
a
t
t
s

⋅

c
m

−
2

), the perceptual brightness estimates of rhodopic irradiance-equated conditions are independent of their corresponding melanopic irradiance, whereas brightness estimates with melanopic irradiance-equated conditions increase with increasing rhodopic irradiance. In mesopic illumination (

−

3.4

to

−

1.9

log

µ

W
a
t
t
s

⋅

c
m

−
2

), the brightness estimates with both lighting conditions increase with increasing rhodopic or melanopic irradiances. Rhodopsin activation therefore entirely signals scotopic brightness perception and plateaus in mesopic illumination where intrinsic melanopsin contributions become first evident. We infer that all photoreceptor signals are transmitted to higher visual centers for representing scene brightness in scotopic and mesopic illumination through both conventional and melanopsin ganglion cell pathways.
Optimizing hybrid rotational femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy in nitrogen at high pressures and temperatures
Authors: Torge Mecker Nils , Courtney Trevor L. , Patterson Brian D. , Escofet-Martin David , Peterson Brian , Kliewer Christopher J. , Linne Mark 
Published: February 2020

We demonstrate the use of hybrid rotational femtosecond/picosecond
(fs/ps) coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (HR-CARS) as a
technique for temperature measurements in nitrogen gas at high
pressures and temperatures. A broadband pulse shaper-adjusted 42 fs
pulse interacts with a narrow-bandwidth, frequency-upconverted 5.5 ps
pulse in a cell containing

N

2

at pressures of 1–70 atm and
temperatures of 300–1000 K. A computational code is used to model
spectra and fit experimental results to obtain best-fit temperatures.
We demonstrate good qualitative fits as well as good accuracy and
precision between thermocouple measured and best-fit temperatures over
the explored pressure and temperature regimes. The overall average
percentage temperature difference between thermocouple measurements
and best-fit temperatures is

−

0

.

3

%

with a standard deviation of 7.1%,
showing the suitability of HR-CARS for characterizing high-pressure
and -temperature environments.
PFNet: an unsupervised deep network for polarization image fusion
Authors: Zhang Junchao , Shao Jianbo , Chen Jianlai , Yang Degui , Liang Buge , Liang Rongguang 
Published: February 2020

Image fusion is the key step to improve the performance of object detection in polarization images. We propose an unsupervised deep network to address the polarization image fusion issue. The network learns end-to-end mapping for fused images from intensity and degree of linear polarization images, without the ground truth of fused images. Customized architecture and loss function are designed to boost performance. Experimental results show that our proposed network outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of visual quality and quantitative measurement.
Bessel-like beams with controllable rotating local linear polarization during propagation
Authors: Lü Jia-Qi , Wang Xiao-Lei , Zhang Guan-Lin , Tu Chenghou , Li Yongnan , Wang Hui-Tian 
Published: February 2020

Bessel-like beams with controllable rotation of local linear polarization upon propagation are generated, which in fact achieve the evolution of polarization states along the equator of the Poincaré sphere during propagation. Based on the amplitude–phase joint modulation method, the rotation direction and rate of polarizations of the Bessel-like beam can be controlled easily by adjusting the radial indices and intensity ratio of two superposed beams. A rotation angle of

∼

800 deg has been achieved after a propagation distance of 120 mm, corresponding to a rotation rate of

∼

6.7 deg/mm, which is about three times higher than in previous works.