bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risikofaktoren für Chemotherapie-assoziierte venöse Thrombosen bei gynäkoonkologischen Patientinnen
Authors: Nezi-Cahn Sandra , Sicking Isabel , Almstedt Kathrin , Battista Marco , Heimes Anne-Sophie , Krajnak Slavomir , Steetskamp Joscha , Hasenburg Annette , Schmidt Marcus 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Venöse Thrombosen und deren Folgen zählen zu den Haupttodesursachen bei Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Analyse von Risikofaktoren sowie die Evaluation der Anwendbarkeit zweier Risikoscores an einem rein gynäkoonkologischen Patientinnenkollektiv. Mit der Identifikation von Hochrisikopatientinnen für das Auftreten von venösen Thrombosen könnte die Durchführung einer gezielten medikamentösen Thromboseprophylaxe mit hohem Nutzen bei gleichzeitig geringem Risiko ermöglicht werden.
Material und Methoden In einer retrospektiven Fallkontrollstudie an 152 Patientinnen, die sich zwischen 2006 und 2013 in onkologischer Behandlung an der Frauenklinik der Universitätsmedizin Mainz befanden, wurden die Daten von 104 Patientinnen mit Mamma-, 26 mit Ovarial- und 22 mit Zervixkarzinom untersucht. 76 Probandinnen der Fallgruppe, die während der Chemotherapie eine venöse Thrombose erlitten hatten, wurde eine Kontrolle zugeordnet, die in den Punkten Tumorlokalisation, Alter, Lymphknotenbefall, Metastasierung und Zeitpunkt der Erstdiagnose übereinstimmte. Mittels χ2-Test, t-Test, Mann-Whitney-U-Test und einer logistischen Regressionsanalyse wurden die Gruppenunterschiede analysiert.
Ergebnisse Für eine fehlende stationäre Thromboseprophylaxe (p = 0,014), erhöhte Leukozytenzahlen (p = 0,018) vor Beginn der Chemotherapie und Portsysteme (p = 0,032) zeigten sich deutliche Gruppenunterschiede. Operative Eingriffe wurden als unabhängiger Risikofaktor bestätigt (p≤ 0,001). Khorana- und Protecht-Score gingen nicht als unabhängige Prädiktoren für eine Thrombose aus der Analyse hervor. In der Fallgruppe sind mehr Patientinnen verstorben als in der Kontrollgruppe (p = 0,028; OR: 8,1; 95 %-KI: 1,254–52,162).
Fazit Operationen stellen in diesem Patientenkollektiv einen unabhängigen Risikofaktor für venöse Thrombosen dar. Daneben zeigte sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen einer stationären Thromboseprophylaxe, Leukozytose sowie Portsystemen und einem erhöhten Thromboserisiko. Weder Khorana- noch Protecht-Score waren unabhängige Risikofaktoren für venöse Thrombosen. Deutlich mehr Thrombosepatientinnen sind im Beobachtungszeitraum verstorben.
Medical Treatment of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Tsoli Marina , Alexandraki Krystallenia , Xanthopoulos Christos , Kassi Eva , Kaltsas Gregory 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare tumours that arise mainly in the gastrointestinal or pulmonary system. Most NENs are well-differentiated and may obtain prolonged survival besides the presence of metastatic disease; however, a subset (poorly differentiated NENs) may display a truly aggressive behaviour exhibiting a poor prognosis. The recently developed classification systems along with advances in functional imaging have helped stratify patients to the administration of appropriate therapeutic options. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of NENs, but in recent decades there has been a considerable evolution of medical treatments that are used for locally advanced or metastatic disease not amenable to surgical resection. Long acting somatostatin analogues are the main therapeutic modality for patients with functioning and well-differentiated low grade NENs exhibiting symptomatic control and mainly stabilisation of tumour growth. Other systemic treatments include chemotherapy, molecular targeted agents, interferon-α, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and immunotherapy. In addition, new agents such as telotristat may be used for the control of symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. The choice and/or sequence of therapeutic agents should be individualized according to tumour origin and differentiation, disease burden, presence of clinical symptoms and patients’ performance status in the context of a multidisciplinary approach. Recent advances in the molecular pathogenesis of NENs set the field for a more personalised treatment approach.
Treatment of Recurrent Intracranial Aneurysms: Gore-Tex Interposition Method for Prevention of Galvanic Corrosion at the Clips
Authors: Yokoya Shigeomi , Hino Akihiko , Oka Hideki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe describe a new method for preventing galvanic corrosion induced by contact between old and new clips of different materials during clipping for recurrent intracranial aneurysms. After applying a new clip to the aneurysm neck close to the old clip, a Gore-Tex (GORE PRECLUDE; W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Newark, Delaware, United States) sheet is interposed to prevent contact between the old and new clip. The procedure was used successfully in three cases. The present technique is beneficial for the treatment of recurrent intracranial aneurysms to prevent galvanic corrosion when encountering difficulty in removing a previously placed clip.
Is the Climb Worth the View? The Savings/Alert Ratio for Reducing Vitamin D Testing
Authors: Hendrickson Chase D. , McLemore Michael F. , Dahir Kathryn M. , Just Shari , Shajani-Yi Zahra , LeGrand Joseph , Lehmann Christoph U. , Weitkamp Asli 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Despite guideline recommendations, vitamin D testing has increased substantially. Clinical decision support (CDS) presents an opportunity to reduce inappropriate laboratory testing.
Objectives and Methods To reduce inappropriate testing of vitamin D at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, a CDS assigned providers to receive or not receive an electronic alert each time a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay was ordered for an adult patient unless the order was associated with a diagnosis in the patient's chart for which vitamin D testing is recommended. The CDS ran for 80 days, collecting data on number of tests, provider information, and basic patient demographics.
Results During the 80 days, providers placed 12,368 orders for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The intervention group ordered a vitamin D assay and received the alert for potentially inappropriate testing 2,181 times and completed the 25-hydroxyvitamin D order in 89.9% of encounters, while the control group ordered a vitamin D assay (without receiving an alert) 2,032 times and completed the order in 98.1% of encounters, for an absolute reduction of testing of 8% (p < 0.001).
Conclusion This CDS reduced vitamin D ordering by utilizing a soft-stop approach. At a charge of $179.00 per test and a cost to the laboratory of $4.20 per test, each display of the alert led to an average reduction of $14.70 in charges and of $0.34 in spending by the laboratory (the savings/alert ratio). By describing the effectiveness of an electronic alert in terms of the savings/alert ratio, the impact of this intervention can be better appreciated and compared with other interventions.
Electrocardiography Findings in Children with Febrile Convulsion
Authors: Noori Noor Mohammad , Khajeh Ali , Teimouri Alireza 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFebrile convulsion (FC) is a seizure associated with body temperature that leads to electrocardiography changes. This article aimed to study electrocardiographic changes in children with FC as compared with healthy children. In this case–control study, 90 children aged 6 to 60 months were matched with equal healthy ones in “Ali Ebne Abi Talib” hospital in Zahedan, Iran. FC was confirmed by a neurologist based on its definition by the International League Against Epilepsy. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was captured by a pediatric cardiologist. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19. Sex distribution in groups was similar (p = 0.232). QT correction (QTc) was normal in 97.8 and 76.7% of controls and FC children, respectively (p < 0.001). QT dispersion (QTd) was normal in all controls when it was prolonged in 0.6% of children (p< 0.316). Calculated QT (QTcd) prolonged in controls and FC of 4.4 and 27.8% of children, respectively (p < 0.001). RR interval (p = 0.001), heart rate (p< 0.001), S in V1 (p = 0.004), R in aVL (p = 0.007), S in V3(p< 0.001), left ventricular mass (LVM) (p< 0.001), QTd (p< 0.001), QTc max (p< 0.001), and QTcd (p< 0.001) were significant. Means of LVM were 46.00 ± 1.86, 47.22 ± 2.24, and 51.45 ± 2.41 for age groups of <12, 12–24, and >24 months, respectively (p < 0.001). We conclude that QTd, QTc, and QTcd were higher in FC compared with those of healthy children. The rate of FC in children with higher level of QTcd increased compared with controls.
Null geodesics in conformal gravity
Authors: Turner George E , Horne Keith 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We present an analysis of the null geodesics of the static, spherically symmetric, vacuum solution to the equations of conformal (Weyl) gravity. We classify the full range of exotic spacetimes arising from the parameter space of the metric. The nature of various notable features of these spacetimes is investigated including light spheres, horizons and physical singularities.
Anti-G250 nanobody-functionalized nanobubbles targeting renal cell carcinoma cells for ultrasound molecular imaging
Authors: Yu Zhiping , Hu Ming , Li Zhouquan , Dan Xu  , Zhu Lianhua , Guo Yanli , Liu Qiuli , Lan Weihua , Jiang Jun , Wang Luofu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Traditional imaging examinations have difficulty in identifying benign and malignant changes in renal masses. This difficulty may be solved by ultrasound molecular imaging based on targeted nanobubbles, which could specifically enhance the ultrasound imaging of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) so as to discriminate benign and malignant renal masses. In this study, we aimed to prepare anti-G250 nanobody-functionalized targeted nanobubbles (anti-G250 NTNs) by coupling anti-G250 nanobodies to lipid nanobubbles and to verify their target specificity and binding ability to RCC cells that express G250 antigen and their capacity to enhance ultrasound imaging of RCC xenografts. Anti-G250 nanobodies were coupled to the lipid nanobubbles using the biotin-streptavidin bridge method. The average particle diameter of the prepared anti-G250 NTNs was 446 nm. Immunofluorescence confirmed that anti-G250 nanobodies were uniformly distributed on the surfaces of nanobubbles. In vitro experiments showed that the anti-G250 NTNs specifically bound to G250-positive 786-O cells and HeLa cells with affinities of 88.13% ± 4.37% and 71.8% ± 5.7%, respectively, and that they did not bind to G250-negative ACHN cells. The anti-G250 NTNs could significantly enhance the ultrasound imaging of xenograft tumors arising from 786-O cells and HeLa cells compared with blank nanobubbles, while the enhancement was not significant for xenograft tumors arising from ACHN cells. Immunofluorescence of tumor tissue slices confirmed that the anti-G250 NTNs could enter the tissue space through tumor blood vessels and bind to tumor cells specifically. In conclusion, anti-G250 nanobody-functionalized targeted nanobubbles could specifically bind to G250-positive RCC cells and enhance the ultrasound imaging of G250-positive RCC xenografts. This study has high-potential clinical application value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal tumors.
A phase evolution based constitutive model for shape memory polymer and its application in 4D printing
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Yuan Chao , Wang Dong , Rosen David W , Ge Qi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
4D printing is a novel concept and multidiscipline research area which integrates advanced manufacturing, material science and mechanics. As an active material with high stiffness and rapid response speed, shape memory polymer (SMP) is widely used in 4D printing structures. Accordingly, a simple but effective theoretical model becomes highly desirable to better assist the 4D printing design. In this paper, a phenomenological model is developed in which the concept of phase evolution is used to describe the glass transition behavior of SMP. Explicit iterative format has been derived where the stress–strain behaviors of phase generation and phase vanishment are distinguished. The model is further employed to predict the shape memory behavior of pure SMP and active bending behavior of SMP-elastomer bilayer composites. With its inherent conciseness and generality, the model is promising to be applicable in modelling other soft active materials with phase evolution behaviors.
Self-reported vision and hallucinations in older adults: results from two longitudinal US health surveys
Authors: Hamedani Ali G , Thibault Dylan P , Shea Judy A , Willis Allison W 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundVision loss may be a risk factor for hallucinations, but this has not been studied at the population level.MethodsTo determine the association between self-reported vision loss and hallucinations in a large community-based sample of older adults, we performed a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of two large, nationally representative US health surveys: the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Visual impairment and hallucinations were self- or proxy-reported. Multivariate single and mixed effects logistic regression models were built to examine whether visual impairment and history of cataract surgery were associated with hallucinations.ResultsIn NHATS (n = 1520), hallucinations were more prevalent in those who reported difficulty reading newspaper print (OR 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32–2.39) or recognising someone across the street (OR 2.48, 95% CI: 1.86–3.31) after adjusting for confounders. In HRS (n = 3682), a similar association was observed for overall (OR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.08–1.60), distance (OR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.32–1.96) and near eyesight difficulties (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.25–1.85). In neither sample was there a significant association between cataract surgery and hallucinations after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsVisual dysfunction is associated with increased odds of hallucinations in the older US adult population. This suggests that the prevention and treatment of vision loss may potentially reduce the prevalence of hallucinations in older adults.
Detection of Falsely Elevated Point-of-Care Potassium Results Due to Hemolysis Using Predictive Analytics
Authors: Benirschke Robert C , Gniadek Thomas J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Preanalytical factors, such as hemolysis, affect many components of a test panel. Machine learning can be used to recognize these patterns, alerting clinicians and laboratories to potentially erroneous results. In particular, machine learning might identify which cases of elevated potassium from a point-of-care (POC) basic metabolic panel are likely erroneous.

Methods
Plasma potassium concentrations were compared between POC and core laboratory basic metabolic panels to identify falsely elevated POC results. A logistic regression model was created using these labels and the other analytes on the POC panel.

Results
This model has high predictive power in classifying POC potassium as falsely elevated or not (area under the curve of 0.995 when applied to the test data set). A rule-in and rule-out approach further improves the model’s applicability with a positive predictive value of around 90% and a negative predictive value near 100%.

Conclusions
Machine learning has the potential to detect laboratory errors based on the recognition of patterns in commonly requested multianalyte panels. This could be used to alert providers at the POC that a result is suspicious or used to monitor the quality of POC results.
Association Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Pruritus
Authors: Iwamoto Shiho , Tominaga Mitsutoshi , Kamata Yayoi , Kawakami Tomohiro , Osada Taro , Takamori Kenji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often complicated by extraintestinal manifestations. We frequently encounter IBD patients with pruritus; however, clinical evidence for the association of these conditions is lacking. Therefore, the present study investigated the incidence of pruritus in IBD patients.MethodsSeventy-one IBD outpatients, including 55 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 16 with Crohn disease, and 39 healthy volunteers (HVs) were surveyed about their pruritus symptoms using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Disease activities in UC and Crohn disease patients were classified according to partial Mayo and IOIBD (International Organization for the Study of inflammatory Bowel Disease) scores, respectively. Skin barrier condition was examined by measuring transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration. The distribution of intraepidermal nerve fibers in skin samples from 9 UC patients was examined immunohistochemically using an antiprotein gene product (PGP) 9.5 antibody.ResultsVisual analogue scale scores were higher in IBD patients than in HV (P &lt; 0.001). Active stage IBD patients had more severe pruritus VAS scores than those in the remission stage (P = 0.036). Transepidermal water loss was higher in IBD patients (P &lt; 0.001) and active stage IBD patients (P = 0.004), while stratum corneum hydration was lower in IBD patients (P = 0.019) and active stage IBD patients than in HV (P = 0.019). A relationship was observed between the degree of pruritus and number of PGP9.5-immunoreactive intraepidermal nerve fibers in UC patients.ConclusionsInflammatory bowel disease patients, particularly active stage patients, frequently exhibit symptoms of pruritus and dry skin. This result may have predictive and therapeutic implications for the treatment of IBD symptoms.
Evaluation of an Ion-Exchange HPLC Device for HbA1c Measurement
Authors: Altawallbeh Ghaith , Makky Vicky F , Saenger Amy K , Peters Jennifer M , Killeen Anthony A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The ADAMS™ HA-8180V is the 8th generation of a fully automated ion-exchange HPLC system from ARKRAY, and the first to be released onto the US market. We evaluated the HA-8180V, for routine hemoglobin A1c measurement in comparison with the Roche Cobas c501, the Tosoh G8 analyzer for normal hemoglobin, and with the Trinity analyzer for hemoglobin variants.

Methods
The analytical performance (linearity, precision, carryover, and sample stability) was assessed based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and manufacturer guidelines. A comparison of the HA-8180V against two major analytical methods was performed for 100 whole blood samples. HA-8180V variant mode was also compared against the Trinity ultra2 A1c analyzer for 50 samples containing hemoglobin variants (HbC 14, HbS 14, HbD 12, and HbE 10).

Results
The within-run and total CVs were &lt;0.01 and 0.75% at low HbA1c concentration and 0.46 and 0.63% at high HbA1c concentration, respectively. Linearity was shown in the concentration range 3.4–18.1% HbA1c, carryover was 0.00%, and stability values were excellent. Method comparison demonstrated a high concordance between methods.

Conclusion
The eighth generation ADAMS HA-8180V A1c analyzer demonstrated high analytical performance adequate for routine clinical use.
Characterization of a microSilicon diode detector for small-field photon beam dosimetry
Authors: Akino Yuichi , Fujiwara Masateru , Okamura Keita , Shiomi Hiroya , Mizuno Hirokazu , Isohashi Fumiaki , Suzuki Osamu , Seo Yuji , Tamari Keisuke , Ogawa Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study characterized a new unshielded diode detector, the microSilicon (model 60023), for small-field photon beam dosimetry by evaluating the photon beams generated by a TrueBeam STx and a CyberKnife. Temperature dependence was evaluated by irradiating photons and increasing the water temperature from 11.5 to 31.3°C. For Diode E, microSilicon, microDiamond and EDGE detectors, dose linearity, dose rate dependence, energy dependence, percent-depth-dose (PDD), beam profiles and detector output factor (OFdet) were evaluated. The OFdet of the microSilicon detector was compared to the field output factors of the other detectors. The microSilicon exhibited small temperature dependence within 0.4%, although the Diode E showed a linear variation with a ratio of 0.26%/°C. The Diode E and EDGE detectors showed positive correlations between the detector reading and dose rate, whereas the microSilicon showed a stable response within 0.11%. The Diode E and microSilicon demonstrated negative correlations with the beam energy. The OFdet of microSilicon was the smallest among all the detectors. The maximum differences between the OFdet of microSilicon and the field output factors of microDiamond were 2.3 and 1.6% for 5 × 5 mm2 TrueBeam and 5 mm φ CyberKnife beams, respectively. The PDD data exhibited small variations in the dose fall-off region. The microSilicon and microDiamond detectors yielded similar penumbra widths, whereas the other detectors showed steeper penumbra profiles. The microSilicon demonstrated favorable characteristics including small temperature and dose rate dependence as well as the small spatial resolution and output factors suitable for small field dosimetry.
FXR1 is a novel MRE11-binding partner and participates in oxidative stress responses
Authors: Qi Fei , Meng Qingmei , Hayashi Ikue , Kobayashi Junya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and MRE11-defective Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) patients show progressive cerebellar ataxia. ATM, mutated in AT, can be activated in response to oxidative stress as well as DNA damage, which could be linked to disease-related neurodegeneration. However, the role of MRE11 in oxidative stress responses has been elusive. Here, we showed that MRE11 could participate in ATM activation during oxidative stress in an NBS1/RAD50-independent manner. Importantly, MRE11 was indispensable for ATM activation. We identified FXR1 as a novel MRE11-binding partner by mass spectrometry. We confirmed that FXR1 could bind with MRE11 and showed that both localize to the cytoplasm. Notably, MRE11 and FXR1 partly localize to the mitochondria, which are the major source of cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS). The contribution of FXR1 to DNA double-strand break damage responses seemed minor and limited to HR repair, considering that depletion of FXR1 perturbed chromatin association of homologous recombination repair factors and sensitized cells to camptothecin. During oxidative stress, depletion of FXR1 by siRNA reduced oxidative stress responses and increased the sensitivity to pyocyanin, a mitochondrial ROS inducer. Collectively, our findings suggest that MRE11 and FXR1 might contribute to cellular defense against mitochondrial ROS as a cytoplasmic complex.