bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence as a predictor of dropout in Internet‐based guided self‐help for adults with binge‐eating disorder and overweight or obesity
Authors: Puls Hans‐Christian , Schmidt Ricarda , Herpertz Stephan , Zipfel Stephan , Tuschen‐Caffier Brunna , Friederich Hans‐Christoph , Gerlach Frauke , Mayr Andreas , Lam Tony , Schade‐Brittinger Carmen , de Zwaan Martina , Hilbert Anja 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveInternet‐based guided self‐help (GSH‐I) is an efficacious treatment for adults with binge‐eating disorder (BED) and overweight or obesity. Although broadly accessible, high dropout from GSH‐I has been reported. However, little is known about the factors explaining dropout from GSH‐I, including patients' adherence to treatment.MethodWithin a randomized trial on the treatment of BED, adherence to 4‐month GSH‐I was objectively assessed in N = 89 patients with BED and overweight or obesity. Objective adherence and subjective treatment evaluation were evaluated as predictors of dropout from GSH‐I, defined as having accessed 5 or less of 11 modules. Cutoffs with optimal sensitivity and specificity were derived using Receiver Operating Characteristics curves analysis, and baseline sociodemographic and clinical correlates were determined.ResultsAccording to our definition, n = 22 (24.7%) patients were defined as dropouts. Results of the full logistic regression model accounted for 72% of the variance in dropout and all objective adherence parameters (i.e., number of messages exchanged, days with a completed food diary, and days spent per module), but not patients' subjective GSH‐I evaluation significantly predicted dropout. Specifically, not completing the food diary in week 7 had maximized sensitivity and specificity in predicting dropout. Patients' body mass index was positively associated with the number of messages exchanged between patients and coaches. No other associations between baseline variables and objective adherence were found.DiscussionPatients at risk for dropout from GSH‐I can be reliably identified via monitoring of objective adherence and may be provided with additional interventions to prevent dropout.
Transient electrophoresis of a charged porous particle
Authors: Lai Yi C. , Keh Huan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe starting electrophoretic motion of a porous, uniformly charged, spherical particle, which models a solvent‐permeable and ion‐penetrable polyelectrolyte coil or floc of nanoparticles, in an arbitrary electrolyte solution due to the sudden application of an electric field is studied for the first time. The unsteady Stokes/Brinkman equations with the electric force term governing the fluid velocity fields are solved by means of the Laplace transform. An analytical formula for the electrophoretic mobility of the porous sphere is obtained as a function of the dimensionless parameters , , , and , where a is the radius of the particle, κ is the Debye screening parameter, λ is the reciprocal of the square root of the fluid permeability in the particle, ρp and ρ are the mass densities of the particle and fluid, respectively, ν is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid, and t is the time. The electrophoretic mobility normalized by its steady‐state value increases monotonically with increases in and , but decreases monotonically with an increase in , keeping the other parameters unchanged. In general, a porous particle with a high fluid permeability trails behind an identical porous particle with a lower permeability and a corresponding hard particle in the growth of the normalized electrophoretic mobility The normalized electrophoretic acceleration of the porous sphere decreases monotonically with an increase in the time and increases with an increase in from zero at .
Coupling model of jointed rock mass and rock bolt in offshore LPG underground storage
Authors: Zhao Zenghui , Sun Wei , Chen Shaojie , Wang Weiming , Wang Qingbiao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMost of the surrounding rocks of offshore liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) reservoirs occur in jointed rock mass. This paper is aimed at the reinforcement of the layered composite rock masses. First, the structural mechanical model of the elastic deformation and completely plastic deformation for the bolt was constructed. Then, the equations of axial force, shear force, and bending moment in the cross section of the bolt were obtained by the force‐method canonical equation. The shear‐slip resistance effect of the bolt was decomposed into the friction effect and the dowel effect. In addition, the quantitative relationship between shear resistance and the characteristic angles (anchoring angle, friction angle, dilatancy angle, and deflection angle) and the geometrical and physical parameters of the bolt were derived. Finally, the influence of each characteristic angle on the mechanical properties of the bolt was analyzed in details and the model was verified. The analysis results showed that the laterally constrained load of the rock stratum on the bolt can be characterized by a power function, but the optimal power should be no less than 10. The dominant position of either the friction effect or the dowel effect was changed with the matching of different characteristic angles. The increase of the friction angle and dilatancy angle of the joint surface of the rock is beneficial to improve the lateral shear resistance of the bolt. The effect of the deflection angle on the lateral shear resistance of the bolt was affected by the anchoring angle. The optimal anchoring angle of the bolt should be in the range of 50°‐60°. The results in this study have important theoretical significance to guide the offshore anchoring engineering of layered composite rock masses.
How do ownership type and knowledge transfer influence success of change? A study of transition economy firms
Authors: Bahl Mona , Kriauciunas Aldas , Brush Thomas H 
Published: December 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryThis paper investigates the joint effect of ownership type and knowledge transfer on success of change. For knowledge transfer, we include transfer of both tacit and codified knowledge, and for ownership type, we consider state owned, privately founded, and privatized firms. We argue that incentives and monitoring mechanisms will cause a given ownership type to moderate the direct effect of knowledge transfer on success of change. Using data from firms in four transition economy countries, we find that the relationship between knowledge transfer and success of change is stronger for state owned firms compared to privately founded and privatized firms.Managerial SummaryThe fundamental premise of this paper is that effectiveness of knowledge transfer in determining success of change is moderated by ownership type of a firm. We argue that state owned, privately founded, and privatized firms have distinct incentives and monitoring systems that will moderate the direct relationship between transfer of both tacit and codified knowledge on success of change. Our empirical analysis shows that state owned firms experience a stronger relationship between transfer of knowledge and success of change as compared to privately founded and privatized firms.
The role of a post therapeutic surveillance program for sinonasal malignancies: Analysis of 417 patients
Authors: Zocchi Jacopo , Pietrobon Giacomo , Campomagnani Isotta , Riggi Emilia , Veronesi Giovanni , Borchini Rossana , Pellini Raul , Volpi Luca , Bignami Maurizio , Castelnuovo Paolo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPost therapeutic surveillance of head and neck neoplasms is a still debated issue in the current literature: although different works tried to establish frequency, modality, and efficacy of a routine follow‐up, little evidence has been produced, in particular considering only sinonasal malignancies.MethodsA retrospective review of patients treated for sinonasal malignancies in a single tertiary center and followed through a regular program of follow‐up was carried out. Rate of recurrence, location, timing, diagnosis, and salvage treatment were the main data analyzed.ResultsOf note, 417 patients were included in the study and 117 experienced at least one relapse. Staging, histological type, and previous treatment represent the main clinical factors to be considered to stratify patient's risk of recurrence.ConclusionA regular post therapeutic surveillance can provide an early recurrence detection for patients treated for sinonasal malignancies, offering opportunity for salvage treatment in a high percentage of patients.
Evaluation of multi‐slice spiral computed tomography application in the diagnosis of arterial root lesions
Authors: Wang HongZhen , Li YuanShi , Tang Liang , Zhang JinLing , Xiao XiGang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the value of multi‐slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) enhanced scanning and postprocessing techniques in the diagnosis of arterial root lesions (ARL) in order to improve the understanding and diagnostic accuracy of ARL. We retrospectively analyzed the MSCT imaging findings of 1546 patients. MSCT parameters included the aortic valve annulus level, sinuses of Valsalva level, a sinotubular junction level, ascending aorta, effective diameter, aortic wall thickness, coronary artery height, and coronary sinus depth. The specific measurement method used was curved planar reformation. MSCT found 93 cases of aortic valve disease (AVD). The diagnostic accuracy of MSCT for AVD was 91.7% (33/36). MSCT found 95 cases of acute aortic syndrome involving the aortic root, 71 of which were Stanford type A‐aortic dissection (AD), 22 cases of Stanford type A‐interstitial hematoma (IHM), and two cases of penetrating aortic ulcers (PAU). MSCT diagnosed Stanford type A‐AD, Stanford type A‐IHM, and PAU had a specificity of 99.8% and a sensitivity of 98.9%. In conclusion, MSCT enhanced scanning and postprocessing techniques can accurately display the aortic root and adjacent structures, with clear positioning and high diagnostic accuracy, which can provide important basis for clinical diagnosis, preoperative localization, and postoperative follow‐up.
Synergistic effects of Rho kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 and Noggin overexpression on the proliferation and neuron‐like cell differentiation of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth
Authors: Yang Si , Xin Cuijuan , Zhang Bo , Zhang Hongbo , Hao Yunpeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are highly proliferative, clonogenic, and multipotent stem cells with a neural crest cell origin. This property could be a desirable option for potential therapeutic applications. In this study, we focus on the effects of Rho kinase inhibitors Y‐27632 and Noggin on the proliferation of SHEDs and their differentiation into neuron‐like cells. SHEDs were extracted from 10 samples of deciduous teeth obtained from healthy children aged from 5 to 10. The passaged SHEDs were transfected with Noggin, Y‐27632, or their combination. By means of MTT and colony formation assays, the effects of Y‐27632 and Noggin on cell viability and colony formation were detected. Cellular morphology and neurosphere formation were observed under a microscope. Y‐27632 transfection in SHEDs showed enhanced cell viability, colony formation, and neurosphere formation indicating that Y‐27632 could promote cell proliferation of SHEDs. Furthermore, we observed that the SHEDs treated with Noggin in combination with Y‐27632 displayed typical neuron‐like cell morphology and reticular processes. Noggin or Y‐27632 alone or in combination induced obviously increased NSE, Nestin, and GFAP levels, which were highest in SHEDs treated with the combination of Noggin and Y‐27632. These findings suggest that Y‐27632 promotes the proliferation of SHEDs, and Y‐27632 and Noggin in combination have a synergistic effect on promoting differentiation of SHEDs into neuron‐like cells.
Adsorption and sequential thermal release of F2, Cl2, and Br2 molecules by a porous organic cage material (CC3‐R): Molecular dynamics and grand‐canonical Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Ghalami Zahra , Ghoulipour Vanik , Khanchi Ali Reza 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe adsorption–desorption behavior of fluorine, chlorine, and bromine molecules onto a crystalline porous organic cage, namely CC3‐R was calculated at different temperatures using molecular dynamics (MD) and grand‐canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. Self‐diffusion coefficients, radial distribution functions (RDF), and adsorption isotherms were calculated for this purpose. The results show that CC3‐R has varied capacities to capture these halogens at ambient and high temperatures, so that the thermal release of fluorine is completed with increasing temperature up to around 70°C and chlorine molecules remain at the CC3‐R surface up to 100°C and all bromine molecules are removed from the CC3‐R surface at 200°C. We found that bromine self‐diffusion was almost independent of temperature between 0 and 100°C in contrast to fluorine and chlorine. Among different diffusion regimes, Knudsen diffusion appears to have an important role in the adsorption of heavy halogens at higher temperatures.
Functional recovery of natural killer cell activity by nanoparticle‐mediated delivery of transforming growth factor beta 2 small interfering RNA
Authors: Adjei Isaac M. , Jordan Jahnelle , Tu Nhan , Trinh Thu Le , Kandell Wendy , Wei Sheng , Sharma Blanka 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are at the forefront of immunotherapies, as they have potent innate cytolytic effects on cancer cells. The success of NK cell therapies requires that they overcome immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Tumors produce immunosuppressive factors like transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) that inhibit the effector functions of NK cells. Silencing of TGF‐beta signaling in NK cells is a potential approach to enhance their functions. However, transfection of NK cells by conventional methods is challenging. Here, we report the development of a nanoparticle (NP) system that delivers small interfering RNA for the TGF‐β receptor 2 (TGFBR2) into NK cells to restore their activation against cancer cells. Manganese dioxide NPs were synthesized by the reduction of potassium permanganate by poly (allylamine), which effectively complexed siRNA and protected it from degradation. The NPs were cytocompatible with NK cells and, upon loading with TGFBR2 siRNA, resulted in a 90% knockdown of the TGFBR2 receptor. NP‐mediated TGFBR2 receptor knockdown protected NK cells against TGF‐β suppression, which was studied in both two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional lung cancer cell culture systems. Namely, NK cells treated with TGFBR2 siRNA loaded NPs demonstrated higher interferon gamma production, infiltration, and killing of lung cancer cells compared with control NK cells. This study demonstrates the feasibility of NP‐mediated RNA interference in NK cells to increase their resilience to the immunosuppressive environments in solid tumors.
Experimental determination of the rate constants of the reactions of HO2 + DO2 and DO2 + DO2
Authors: Assali Mohamed , Rakovsky Jozef , Votava Ondrej , Fittschen Christa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe rate constants of the reactions of DO2 + HO2 (R1) and DO2 + DO2 (R2) have been determined by the simultaneous, selective, and quantitative measurement of HO2 and DO2 by continuous wave cavity ring‐down spectroscopy (cw‐CRDS) in the near infrared, coupled to a radical generation by laser photolysis. HO2 was generated by photolyzing Cl2 in the presence of CH3OH and O2. Low concentrations of DO2 were generated simultaneously by adding low concentrations of D2O to the reaction mixture, leading through isotopic exchange on tubing and reactor walls to formation of low concentrations of CH3OD and thus formation of DO2. Excess DO2 was generated by photolyzing Cl2 in the presence of CD3OD and O2, small concentrations of HO2 were always generated simultaneously by isotopic exchange between CD3OD and residual H2O. The rate constant k1 at 295 K was found to be pressure independent in the range 25–200 Torr helium, but increased with increasing D2O concentration k1 = (1.67 ± 0.03) × 10−12 × (1 + (8.2 ± 1.6) × 10−18 cm3 × [D2O] cm−3) cm3 s−1. The rate constant for the DO2 self‐reaction k2 has been measured under excess DO2 concentration, and the DO2 concentration has been determined by fitting the HO2 decays, now governed by their reaction with DO2, to the rate constant k1. A rate constant with insignificant pressure dependence was found: k2 = (4.1 ± 0.6) × 10−13 (1 + (2 ± 2) × 10−20 cm3 × [He] cm−3) cm3 s−1 as well as an increase of k2 with increasing D2O concentration was observed: k2 = (4.14 ± 0.02) × 10−13 × (1 + (6.5 ± 1.3) × 10−18 cm3 × [D2O] cm−3) cm3 s−1. The result for k2 is in excellent agreement with literature values, whereas this is the first determination of k1.
Plasma exosomal miR‐106a‐5p expression in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Xu Hongyan , Bao Zhuohua , Liang Daye , Li Mengxia , Wei Minguang , Ge Xueqing , Liu Jingli , Li Jinpin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundExosomal miRNA expression for myasthenia gravis (MG) has not been studied.MethodsPlasma samples from 92 patients with MG and 49 age‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were screened (by means of deep sequencing and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction) for differentially expressed exosomal microRNA (miRNAs). miR‐106a‐5p was chosen to further verify because it is reportedly involved in MG pathogenesis. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to assess correlations between candidate miRNAs and patient quantitative MG scores (QMGSs). Area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the identified miRNAs for MG.ResultsmiR‐106a‐5p levels were significantly decreased in MG patients compared with HCs, and were associated with patient QMGS. The AUC values for hsa‐miR‐106a‐5p were 0.728 and 0.813 in ocular and generalized MG patients, respectively.ConclusionsExosomal miR‐106a‐5p was expressed differently in different types of MG and was associated with MG severity.
Three‐dimensional carbon‐based anodes promoted the accumulation of exoelectrogens in bioelectrochemical systems
Authors: Wu Yicheng , He Guanghua , Chen Shuiliang , Wang Zejie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo achieve deep understandings on the effects of structure and surface properties of anode material on the performance of bioelectrochemical systems, the present research investigated the bacterial community structures of biofilms attached to different three‐dimensional anodes including carbon felt and materials derived from pomelo peel, kenaf stem, and cardboard with 454 pyrosequencing analysis based on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that bacterial community structures, especially the relative abundance of exoelectrogens, were significantly related to the types of adopted three‐dimensional anode materials. Proteobacteria was the shared predominant phylum, accounting for 55.4%, 52.1%, 66.7%, and 56.1% for carbon felt, cardboard, pomelo peel, and kenaf stem carbon, respectively. The most abundant OTU was phylogenetically related to the well‐known exoelectrogen of Geobacter, with a relative abundance of 16.3%, 19.0%, 36.3%, and 28.6% in carbon felt, cardboard, pomelo peel, and kenaf stem, respectively. Moreover, another exoelectrogen of Pseudomonas sp. accounted for 4.9% in kenaf stem and 3.9% in carbonboard, respectively. The results implied the macrostructure and properties of different anode materials might result in different niches such as hydrodynamics and substrate transport dynamics, leading to different bacterial structure, especially different relative abundance of exoelectrogens, which consequently affected the performance of bioelectrochemical systems.Practitioner points

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) represent a novel biotechnology platform to simultaneously treat wastewaters and produce electrical power.

Three‐dimensional materials derived from nature plant as anode to promote electricity output from BESs and reduce the construct cost of BESs.

Macrostructure of the three‐dimensional anode material affected phylotype richness and phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms in anodic biofilm of BESs.

Geobacter as well‐known exoelectrogen was the most abundant in biofilm attached to three‐dimensional anode.
Envisioning a national invasive species information framework
Authors: Reaser Jamie K. , Simpson Annie , Guala Gerald F. , Morisette Jeffrey T. , Fuller Pam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith a view toward creating a national Early Detection and Rapid Response Program (EDRR) program, the United States National Invasive Species Council Management Plan for 2016–2018 calls for a series of assessments of federal EDRR capacities, including the evaluation of “relevant federal information systems to provide the data and other information necessary for risk analyses/horizon scanning, rapid specimen identification, and rapid response planning.” This paper is a response to that directive. We provide an overview of information management needs for enacting EDRR and discuss challenges to meeting these needs. We then review the history of relevant US policy directives for advancing invasive species information systems and provide an overview of federal invasive species information system capacities, including current gaps and inconsistencies. We conclude with a summary of key principles and needs for establishing a national invasive species information framework. Our findings are consistent with earlier studies and, thus, emphasize the need to act on long-recognized needs. As a supplement to this paper, we have cataloged federal invasive species databases and information tools identified through this work.
Federal legal authorities for the early detection of and rapid response to invasive species
Authors: Burgos-Rodríguez Jhoset , Burgiel Stanley W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ability of federal agencies to carry out actions or programs is based on their legal authorities. Efforts to improve federal capacities for the early detection of and rapid response to invasive species (EDRR) require careful delineation of legal authorities, regulations, and policies that would enable or limit EDRR. Building on information provided by federal agencies and an inspection of the US Code and the Code of Federal Regulations, we review and identify relevant authorities to determine federal legal capacities, gaps, and inconsistencies to address EDRR. The EDRR process can be examined in the context of four categories, including (1) explicit invasive species authorities, (2) emergency authorities that could be triggered during a crisis or serve as models for enhanced invasive species EDRR authorities, (3) supporting authorities that could be used under agency discretion, and (4) constraining authorities and legal requirements. Although the Plant Protection Act and the Animal Health Protection Act are comprehensive authorities that address the detection of and response to organisms that threaten plant and livestock health, there is no single authority that encompasses EDRR for all invasive species. Rather, there is a patchwork of authorities that unevenly addresses various aspects of EDRR. In addition to gaps in authority, EDRR efforts could be constrained by environmental compliance, as well as subnational governance and private rights. Although some of these gaps could be closed through legislation, others need to be addressed using the discretionary power of federal agencies and their ability to establish cooperation mechanisms with private and subnational entities.