bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of Recycled Glass Powder for the Stabilization of Black Cotton soil by Alkali Activation
Authors: Hashmie Nooraien , Gunagi Priya , Belagal Prajwal , Manoharan Shimna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Black Cotton Soil forms a major soil group in India. It covers 20% of the total area of India. Due to its high swelling and shrinkage characteristics, Black cotton soil has been challenging for construction activities. To overcome the problems caused by black cotton soil, the soil needs to be stabilized. Stabilization increases the strength of soil and controls the swell and shrinks potential of soil thus improving the load bearing capacity of soil. Lime and Cement are commonly used additives in soil stabilization. The production of commonly used additives like lime and cement contributes to a higher carbon footprint. Recycled glass powder is a construction and demolition waste. Recycled glass powder is rich in Silica and Alumina, thereby on addition of an alkali; it forms a geopolymer that enhances the strength of the soil. In this study Recycled glass powder is added in the proportions of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15% and 18 % along with Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate in the ratio of 1:2.5 to the Black cotton soil to facilitate the geopolymerization reaction. The effect of Recycled glass powder based geopolymer on the strength of Black cotton soil for the curing period of 3 and 7 days is investigated. The Unconfined compressive strength of Black cotton soil increases with the increase in proportion of geopolymer up to an optimum value of 9%. With the increase in curing time the strength of Stabilized Black cotton soil increases. A Recycled glass powder based geopolymer can be used as an effective soil stabilizer.
Air Pollution Resistance assessment of existing plants near Talkatora Industrial Area, Lucknow, India
Authors: Gautam Poonam , Shukla A K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
According to recent reports India is considered as 5th most polluted country of the world. Being a developing country, growing industrialization is a prime reason of pollution in India. Green vegetation plays an important role in reducing the air pollution through active absorption and accumulation. Thus the presence of greenery in concerned areas provides a cost-effective and environmentally benign way to remediate air pollution. The presented investigation was conducted to estimate air pollution by evaluating Air Pollution Tolerant Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API) of 6 plant species in experimental area Talkatora industrial area, Lucknow, and control area IET college campus, Lucknow. Study revealed APTI of selected plants as Ficus religiosa (26.69)> Azadirachta indica (25.66)> Alstonia scholoris (13.89)> Mangifera indica (13.89)> Polyalthia longifolia (9.66)> Pongamia pinnata (9.56) at the experimental site and Azadirachta indica (31.79)> Ficus religiosa (24.82)> Mangifera indica (14.41)> Alstonia scholoris (13.02)> Polyalthia longifolia (9.73)> Pongamia pinnata (9.47) at control site. Supported by assessment of API, it was observed that Ficus religiosa (81.25%), Azadirachta indica (75%) and Mangifera indica (75%) were highest scoring plants thus can be suggested for development of green belt in the pollution concerned areas.
Understanding the Variability in Estimation of Water Quality of Lakes and Reservoirs
Authors: Singh Ramp Pal , Mangottiri Vasudevan , Pandiyan Balaganesh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a critical review on the existing methodology of water quality assessment of lakes and reservoirs being used as a source of water supply and irrigation purposes. The seasonal and depth-wise variations in water quality are also analysed and presented through two case studies. It is inferred that water quality monitoring is a helpful tool not only to evaluate the impacts of pollution sources but also to ensure an efficient management of water resources and the protection of aquatic life. However, it is incomplete to make any meaningful prediction without correlating the prevailing catchment characteristics as well as imparting the scope for real-time action plan. The present study highlights a few strategic features causing variability in water quality and proposes a corroborative plan to address those issues.
Performance of different types of constructed wetlands for treating wastewater in short time horizon
Authors: Vanitha Sankararajan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Constructed wetland is one of the well-knowncost-effective technologies for treating domestic sewage. This work is mainly focuses to study the performance of constructed wetland at initial stage of wetland. Three types of constructed wetland namely Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (VFCW), Horizontal zigzag flow Constructed wetland (HFCW) and Upflow Constructed Wetland (UFCW) were made based upon the direction of water flow through porous medium. The primary treated sewage is passed through three wetlands and the water quality was tested before and after treatment. Wetland performance was analyzed continuously for one month after sapling stage. Water quality parameters such as pH, Temperature Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrates (NO3
-) and Phosphate (PO4
-) were tested. Removal of COD and Phosphates are uniformly increasing for this duration. The maximum removal of COD, TSS and Phosphates are 40%, 30%, 87% and 45% respectively. Nitrification is good from initial stage of constructed wetland. In one month experimental period, removal of solids is not stable. It was observed that, heavy fluctuation was occurred during experimental period. But increasing trend is observed in the removal of solids. Also it is recommended that more sampling is needed at initial stage of constructed wetlands.
Phytoremediation: sustainable approach for the removal of Heavy metals from the environment using plants
Authors: Ganesan Subbulakshmi , Panda Sagnika , sinha Anjali , chettri Ayush 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
These studies Review the plant species for phytoremediation potential and capability to consumption and accrue Heavy metals concentration. Natural renewable resources are valuable assets for human development. Extreme utilization of the resources and severely contaminated due to the influence of human activity on nature. Resources Contamination with toxic metals is a wide-ranging environmental issue resultant from various sources like Inorganic fertilizer, pesticides, leaching, and dumping of pollutants. The Remediation of sites polluted with toxic metals is predominantly difficult. Conventional techniques for recovery are expensive and environmentally uncongenial. Plant-based technology known as Phytoremediation has been proposed as an economical environment-friendly alternative technology to the conventional remediation approaches.
Analytical Solutions of Two-body Spring Vibrator Problem
Authors: Zhu Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In two-body problems, the problem of the two-body spring vibrator is a more typical and interesting mechanics problem. But the relative motion of the two-body spring vibrator involves elliptical integrals, so the problem is very complex and had not yet been solved analytically in the past time. In this paper, using the elliptical integral theory, we obtain the analytic solutions of the two-body spring vibrator motion law, so that we can discuss further the motion characteristics.
The Effects of the Size and Location of the Recirculation Windows of Combustion Chambers in a Coke Oven on Emissions of NO and Unburnt Fuels by CFD Numerical Simulation
Authors: Cao Yinping , Du Zhengang , Hu Zhen , Jin Shuangling , Lu Wangzhao , Zhang Rui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
NOx emission from combustion chambers of coke ovens is receiving renewed attention in recent years in China. Combustion process optimization and post combustion treatments are used to reduce NOx emission. In this paper, the effects of size and location of recirculation windows in the heating flues of combustion chambers in a coke oven from Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. on emissions of NO and unburnt fuels were investigated by CFD numerical simulation, targeting for redesign of recirculation windows. Results indicate that with increasing the window size, the amount of recycled flue gases increases, maximum flame temperature decreases and temperature uniformity is improved, leading to a reduction of NO emission. The emission of unburnt fuels increases with the window size at higher heat flux, but this is less obvious at lower heat flux. With moving the windows towards inlets of fuels and air, the average temperatures increase slightly, maximum flame temperature and temperature uniformity keep unchanged, the emission of unburnt fuels decreases apparently, the NO emission increases slightly at lower heat flux, but keeps unchanged at higher heat flux. The unburnt fuel emission is dominated by the average temperature while NO emission by both the average temperature and temperature uniformity. The effect of the window size on NO emission is more apparent than that of the location of the windows while the latter is more obvious than the former to reduce the unburnt fuel emission.
Bridge Vibration Virtual Sensor Based on Eulerian Video Magnification and Gray Mean Difference
Authors: Zheng Jiayan , Li Qiumo , Mao Ruoyu , Wang Yuzhou , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A non-contact measurement method is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional contact sensors in this paper. The camera is used as a non-contact virtual sensor of the whole field vibration. The motion in raw video was amplified by Eulerian Video Magnification technology and the gray mean of the selected region from processed video is obtained. The gray value difference between frames represents the dynamic response signal of the local area of the bridge structure under the excitation. The actual displacement amplitude in the time domain of the target structure can be obtained by conversion. A model bridge experiment was carried on, the results show that good coincidence in time domain and good accuracy in frequency domain, the error of the proposed method is 2.2% compared with the traditional measurement, indicating that the method without manual mark has the advantages of accurate, easy to obtain, low cost and high efficiency.
Application Research on Reliability Modeling of Multi-failure Modes Correlation System Based on Time Varying Copula Model
Authors: Zhou Ling , He Zhenxin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The reliability modeling of dynamic correlation system with multi-failure modes is studied in this paper. Firstly, Patton model, one of the time-varying copula models, is introduced. Secondly, multi-dimensional time-varying copula function of multi-failure modes correlation system is transformed into two-dimensional time-varying copula functions based on vine Copula function, and then reliability modeling and solution procedure of multi-failure modes correlation system is presented based on time-varying copula model. Finally, the above reliability modeling and solution procedures are demonstrated through a vehicle suspension system engineering case, and their correctness are proved by the results obtained in engineering case.
General practitioner conduct of clinical services representing comprehensive geriatric assessment is associated with lower risk of mortality in older Australians receiving home care packages
Authors: Visvanathan Renuka , Amare Azmeraw T , Wesselingh Steve , Inacio Maria C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the utilisation of general practice Medicare Benefit Schedule (MBS) services aligned to Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) within 6 months of an aged care eligibility assessment and its effects on mortality and transition to permanent residential aged care (PRAC).

Design
Retrospective cohort study from the Historical Cohort of the Registry of Senior Australians.

Setting
Community.

Participants
In total, 69,171 Individuals (aged 75+) receiving home care packages (HCPs) between 2011 and 2015.

Outcome measures
Mortality and transition to PRAC.

Results
The claims for a management plan with team care arrangement (TCA) within 3 months of the health assessment (i.e. CGA) was present in 5% and associated with 14% lower mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 95%CI = 0.86, 0.80–0.93) compared to no claims, lower than that seen with partial CGA which was either health assessment claims only 7.0% (aHR, 95%CI = 0.93, 0.89–0.97) or management plan coupled with TCA claims only 9.0% (aHR, 95%CI = 0.91, 0.89–0.97). This pattern was seen in those frailer but not in those where the frailty index score was &lt;0.21. Claims for management plans coupled with TCAs alone were associated with a 10% lower transition to PRAC (asHR, 95%CI = 0.90, 0.85–0.96) in those with FI score &lt; 0.21 while this estimate was not significant in individuals with FI score ≥ 0.21.

Conclusion
It appears the conduct of a combination of interventions considered to be components of the CGA by GPs was associated with a lower risk of mortality that no claims or partial conduct of CGA.
Comparison of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Rates and 30-Day Postoperative Complications Between Patients With and Without Psychiatric Diagnoses
Authors: Spataro Emily A , Olds Cristen E , Kandathil Cherian K , Most Sam P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Psychiatric comorbidity is associated with greater 30-day postoperative complication rates in various surgical specialties, but is not well characterized for reconstructive plastic surgery.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare reconstructive plastic surgery rates and 30-day postoperative complications between patients with and without psychiatric diagnoses.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study comparing patients with and without psychiatric diagnoses. Data for January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2015 were collected from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases. Rates of reconstructive plastic surgery, demographic data, covariant diagnoses, and 30-day postoperative complications were collected. Differences between the 2 groups were assessed by multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Among 1,019,128 patients (505,715 with psychiatric diagnoses and 513,423 without psychiatric diagnoses) assessed, reconstructive plastic surgery rates were between 4.8% and 7.0% in those with psychiatric diagnoses, compared with 1.6% in patients without psychiatric diagnoses. The greatest odds of undergoing reconstructive plastic surgery were in patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76-5.67) and anxiety disorder (aOR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.97-3.17). When assessing 1,234,206 patients (613,400 with psychiatric diagnoses and 620,806 without psychiatric diagnoses), all of whom underwent reconstructive plastic surgery, 2-fold greater odds of any 30-day postoperative complication was associated with psychiatric diagnoses (aOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.28-3.11), as well as greater odds of specific complications (surgical site infection, bleeding, and hospital admission). Eating disorder diagnosis was associated with the greatest odds of a complication (aOR, 4.17; 95% CI, 3.59-4.86), followed by nasal surgery (aOR, 3.65; 95% CI, 2.74-4.89), and BDD (aOR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.76-5.67).

Conclusions
Diagnosis of a psychiatric condition is associated with greater rates of reconstructive plastic surgery, and 2-fold greater odds of 30-day postoperative complications.

Level of Evidence: 4
SODA: multi-locus species delimitation using quartet frequencies
Authors: Rabiee Maryam , Mirarab Siavash 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMotivationSpecies delimitation, the process of deciding how to group a set of organisms into units called species, is one of the most challenging problems in computational evolutionary biology. While many methods exist for species delimitation, most based on the coalescent theory, few are scalable to very large datasets, and methods that scale tend to be not accurate. Species delimitation is closely related to species tree inference from discordant gene trees, a problem that has enjoyed rapid advances in recent years.ResultsIn this article, we build on the accuracy and scalability of recent quartet-based methods for species tree estimation and propose a new method called SODA for species delimitation. SODA relies heavily on a recently developed method for testing zero branch length in species trees. In extensive simulations, we show that SODA can easily scale to very large datasets while maintaining high accuracy.Availability and implementationThe code and data presented here are available on https://github.com/maryamrabiee/SODA.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Plasma Clearance of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) before and after Bariatric Surgery for Morbid Obesity
Authors: Poh Kian Keong , Shabbir Asim , Ngiam Jinghao Nicholas , Lee Poay Sian Sabrina , So Jimmy , Frampton Christopher M , Pemberton Christopher J , Richards Arthur M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Obese patients have lower plasma concentrations of the cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) than their age- and sex-matched counterparts. This may reflect lower production and/or increased peptide clearance. It is unclear whether NP bioactivity is affected by obesity.

Methods
We studied the effects of obesity on B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) clearance and bioactivity by comparing results from standardized intravenous infusions of BNP administered 2 weeks before and 6 months after bariatric surgery in 12 consecutive patients with morbid obesity (body mass index, BMI &gt; 35 kg/m2). Anthropometric, clinical, neurohormonal, renal, and echocardiographic variables were obtained pre- and postsurgery. Pre- vs postsurgery calculated intrainfusion peptide clearances were compared.

Results
BMI (44.3 ± 5.0 vs 33.9 ± 5.2 kg/m2, P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (130.3 ± 11.9 vs 107.5 ± 14.7 cm, P &lt; 0.001) decreased substantially after bariatric surgery. Calculated plasma clearance of BNP was reduced (approximately 30%) after surgery. Though not controlled for, sodium intake was presumably lower after bariatric surgery. Despite this, preinfusion endogenous plasma NP concentrations did not significantly differ between pre- and postsurgery studies. The ratio of plasma N-terminal (NT)-proBNP to 24 h urine sodium excretion was higher postsurgery (P = 0.046; with similar nonsignificant findings for BNP, atrial NP (ANP) and NT-proANP), indicating increased circulating NPs for a given sodium status. Mean plasma NP concentrations for given calculated end-systolic wall stress and cardiac filling pressures (as assessed by echocardiographic E/e’) rose slightly, but not significantly postsurgery. Second messenger, hemodynamic, renal, and neurohormonal responses to BNP were not altered between studies.

Conclusion
Obesity is associated with increased clearance, but preserved bioactivity, of BNP.
Perioperative fluid management in esophagectomy for cancer and its relation to postoperative respiratory complications
Authors: Van Dessel Eleni , Moons Johnny , Nafteux Philippe , Van Veer Hans , Depypere Lieven , Coosemans Willy , Lerut Toni , Coppens Steve , Neyrinck Arne 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The optimal perioperative fluid management during esophagectomy is still not clear. Liberal regimens have been associated with higher morbidity and respiratory complications. Restrictive regimens might raise concerns for kidney function and increase the need to associate vasopressors. The aim of this study was to investigate retrospectively the perioperative fluid administration during esophagectomy and to correlate this with postoperative respiratory outcome. All patients who underwent esophagectomy between January and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient characteristics, type of surgery and postoperative course were reviewed. Fluid administration and vasopressor use were calculated intraoperatively and during the postoperative stay at the recovery unit. Fluid overload was defined as a positive fluid balance of more than 125 mL/m2/h during the first 24 hours. Patients were divided in 3 groups: GRP0 (no fluid overload/no vasopressors); GRP1 (no fluid overload/need for vasopressors); GRP2 (fluid overload with/without vasopressors). Postoperative complications were prospectively recorded according to Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group criteria. A total of 103 patients were analyzed: 35 (34%) GRP0, 50 (49%) GRP1 and 18 (17%) GRP2. No significant differences were found for age, treatment (neoadjuvant vs. primary), type of surgery (open/minimally invasive), histology nor comorbidities. There were significant (P ≤ 0.001) differences in fluid balance/m2/h (75 ± 21 mL; 86 ± 22 mL and 144 ± 20 mL) across GRP0, GRP1 and GRP2, respectively. We found differences in respiratory complications (GRP0 (20%) versus GRP1 (42%; P = 0.034) and GRP0 (20%) versus GRP2 (61%; P = 0.002)) and “Comprehensive Complications Index” (GRP0 (20.5) versus GRP1 (34.6; P = 0.015) and GRP0 (20.5) versus GRP2 (35.1; P = 0.009)). Multivariable analysis (binary logistic regression) for “any respiratory complication” was performed. Patients who received fluid overload (GRP2) had a 10.24 times higher risk to develop postoperative respiratory complications. When patients received vasopressors alone (GRP1), the chances of developing these complications were 3.57 times higher compared to GRP0. Among patients undergoing esophagectomy, there is a wide variety in the administration of fluid during the first 24 hours. There was a higher incidence of respiratory complications when patients received higher amounts of fluid or when vasopressors were used. We believe that a personalized and protocolized fluid administration algorithm should be implemented and that individual risk factors should be identified.