bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A vehicle tracking algorithm combining detector and tracker
Authors: Yang Bo , Tang Mingyue , Chen Shaohui , Wang Gang , Tan Yan , Li Bijun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReal-time multichannel video analysis is significant for intelligent transportation. Considering that deep learning and correlation filter (CF) tracking are time-consuming, a vehicle tracking method for traffic scenes is presented based on a detection-based tracking (DBT) framework. To design the model of vehicle detection, the You Only Look Once (YOLO) model is used, and then, two constraints including object attribute information and intersection over union (IOU), are combined to modify the vehicle detection box. This approach improves vehicle detection precision. In the design of tracking model, a lightweight feature extraction network model for vehicle tracking is constructed. An inception module is used in this model to reduce the computational load and increase the adaptivity of the network scale. And a squeeze-and-excitation channel attention mechanism is adopted to enhance feature learning. Regarding the object tracking strategy, the method of combining a spatial constraint and filter template matching is adopted. The observation value and prediction value are matched and corrected to achieve stable tracking of the target. Based on the interference of occlusion in target tracking, the spatial position, moving direction, and historical feature correlation of the target are comprehensively employed to achieve continuous tracking of the target.
3D interpretation of helicopter-borne frequency-domain electromagnetic (HEM) data from Ramså Basin and adjacent areas at Andøya, Norway
Authors: Baranwal Vikas Chand , Brönner Marco , Rønning Jan-Steinar , Elvebakk Harald , Dalsegg Einar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Ramså Basin is situated on the strandflat on the northeastern side of Andøya between Ramså and Skarstein. It is the only known Mesozoic sedimentary basin onshore Norway and therefore represents an easily accessible analogue to study the setting and development of the offshore Mesozoic basins along the Norwegian continental shelf. Basement rocks (100–10,000 Ωm) and sedimentary rocks (5–1000 Ωm) have distinct ranges of the electrical resistivity. Resistivity of the subsurface can be investigated by electric and electromagnetic (EM) methods to delineate the extent of the sedimentary basin. This paper presents the interpretation of helicopter-borne frequency-domain electromagnetic (HEM) data and their correlation with data obtained from borehole logging and two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Resistivity data obtained from these methods show a good agreement. Spatially constrained inversion (SCI) of HEM presents a three-dimensional (3D) subsurface resistivity image of a larger area in comparison to what could have been drawn from few ERT lines and borehole logging. HEM interpretation together with other ERT and borehole resistivity data indicates the extent of Ramså Basin beyond the presently mapped boundary. This extension is also supported by interpretation of earlier collected gravity, magnetic and seismic data. The Ramså sedimentary basin shows a wide range of electrical resistivity between ca. 10 and 600 Ωm at different depths. Two highly conductive areas are newly identified by HEM data interpretation. In one of these areas, outcropping graphite and sulfide minerals were found by field observations.
Development and definition of a simplified scoring system in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing stem cells transplantation on standard computed tomography: myeloma spine and bone damage score (MSBDS)
Authors: Tagliafico Alberto Stefano , Belgioia Liliana , Bonsignore Alessandro , Signori Alessio , Formica Matteo , Rossi Federica , Piana Michele , Schenone Daniela , Dominietto Alida 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
In clinical practice, there is the need to optimize imaging usage in MM patients. Accordingly, the aim of this paper was to develop a simple computed tomography (CT) scoring method for MM, able to shorten and simplify the interpretation time with good intra- and inter-reader reliability. This method, named MSBDS (Myeloma Spine and Bone Damage Score) was developed with the final aim to use standard total-body CT in the routine practice of MM centres as a complement of standard evaluations in patients undergoing stem cells transplantation.

Methods
We used a widely accepted consensus formation method and literature research during three structured face-to-face meetings specifically designed to combine opinions from a group of experts with proven experience in multiple myeloma care and/or musculoskeletal CT to facilitate the consensus on the field of study topics and the contents of the MSBDS score. Seven practical requisites for the MSBDS score were agreed. A total of 70 MM patients (mean age, 60 years ±9.2 [standard deviation]; range, 35–70 years) undergoing total-body CT was included to develop MSBDS scores. Patients data were already stored in the Radiological database for other Research studies IRB approved (054/2019). Readers to test the MSDMS were radiologists and clinicians involved in MM care or expert in bone damage scores with different level of experience in musculoskeletal and total body CT. Readers were blinded to the clinical data of the patients.

Results
The MSBDS scores based on the consensus work described above and literature analysis was finalized. MSBDS is based on an additive scale with assessment of a total body CT with the bone window one time and includes indicators of structural bone damage and instability or fracture risk. The total score is given by the sum of item scores for abnormalities detected. Its values range from 0 (minimum) to values > 10 where 10 is represented by high-risk patients. In high-risk patients immediate surgical or radiation oncologist consultation is suggested.

Conclusions
The MSBDS descriptive criteria are easy, highly reproducible and can be considered as a strong base for harmonizing total body CT interpretation in multiple myeloma patients undergoing stem cell transplantation.
Effect of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Sport Performance Indices in Healthy People: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cornu Catherine , Grange Clémence , Regalin Amanda , Munier Justine , Ounissi Sonia , Reynaud Natane , Kassai-Koupai Behrouz , Sallet Pierre , Nony Patrice 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medications that are frequently used by athletes. There may also be some abuse of these substances, although it is unclear whether NSAIDs in fact enhance performance.
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of NSAIDs on sport performance indices.

Methods
We selected randomized trials from the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases investigating the effects of NSAIDs on sport performance. Volunteers could be healthy adult men and women. Any NSAID, administered by any route, taken prior to any type of exercise, and for any duration could be used. The control intervention could be a placebo, an active substance, or no intervention. We included double-blind, single-blind, and open-label studies. The primary outcome was the maximum performance in exercises as defined in each study. The secondary outcomes were the time until self-reported exhaustion and the self-reported pain.

Results
Among 1631 records, we retained thirteen parallel-group and ten crossover studies, totaling 366 and 148 subjects, respectively. They were disparate regarding treatments, dose and duration, and the type of exercise. There was neither significant difference in the maximum performance between NSAIDs and control groups nor in the time until exhaustion nor in self-perceived pain.

Conclusions
The existence of an ergogenic effect of NSAIDs on sport performance indices was unable to be concluded, since the level of evidence of the studies is low, the doses tested, and the exercises performed are very heterogeneous and far from those observed in real-life practices. More studies are required.
Nematicidal activity of aqueous and organic extracts of local plants against Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood in Algeria under laboratory and greenhouse conditions
Authors: Zaidat Sabri Ala Eddine , Mouhouche Fazia , Babaali Djaafar , Abdessemed Nesma , De Cara Miguel , Hammache Miloude 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe nematicidal efficiency of two types of extracts (aqueous and methanolic) of 5 plants Peganum harmala L., Raphanus raphanistrum L., Taxus baccata L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Ricinus communis L. on second stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne incognita was evaluated at 4 doses in vitro (40, 50, 60 and 80%) at 4 exposure times (12, 16, 24, and 32 h). In a greenhouse, methanol extracts obtained from 0.75, 1.5, or 3 g of the dry matter of T. baccata, S. arvensis, and P. harmala were added in pots of tomato plants (Moneymaker cultivar) to test the effect of the extracts on the nematode, its reproduction, and the plant’s growth. After 32 h of exposure, the in vitro results on J2s showed that all the aqueous and methanolic extracts of the 5 plants had positive effects on J2 mortality compared to controls; water and DMSO (2%) (dimethyl sulfoxyde). In general, methanolic extracts were significantly more effective than the aqueous ones. Methanolic extracts of T. baccata, P. harmala, and S. arvensis had the highest mortality rates (100, 89.2, 86.6%), respectively, followed by the aqueous extract of T. baccata (73.8%). After 12 days, the hatching inhibition varies between (61.4%) for the aqueous extract of R. communis and (84.2%) for the methanolic extract of T. baccata. The average was significantly different from controls (DMSO 23.8 and water 21.8%) for all extracts. Methanolic extracts were not always significantly different than the aqueous ones. In vivo methanolic extracts of S. arvensis, P. harmala, and T. baccata reduced infestation than the controls. The gall index varied between 3.5 and 5.5 for the extracts than the positive control 6.5. The present study revealed the effectiveness of all tested plant extracts to root-knot nematodes without any chemical inputs.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of a Community Health Worker–Driven Approach to Screen Hard-to-Reach Periurban Women Using Self-Sampled HPV Detection Test in India
Authors: Poli Usha Rani , Muwonge Richard , Bhoopal Triveni , Lucas Eric , Basu Partha 
Published: April 2020

PURPOSE Detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in self-collected vaginal samples can significantly improve participation of hard-to-reach women; however, the implementation of such an approach in a real-life setting, especially in countries with limited resources, has certain challenges. Our study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of implementing an HPV self-sampling–based approach to screen a socioeconomically disadvantaged, unscreened population with support from community health workers (CHWs) for community mobilization, counseling, and navigation. Different triaging options for HPV-positive women were also assessed. METHODS Women age 30 to 65 years from low socioeconomic periurban areas who had never been screened before were motivated by CHWs to attend local community centers and provide self-collected vaginal samples for careHPV testing. Screen-positive women were informed and navigated by CHWs to attend colposcopy clinics where cervical biopsy and same-day ablative treatment were offered. RESULTS Women readily accepted to provide self-collected samples after counseling by CHWs. Screen positivity was 6.4%, and CHWs successfully navigated 65% of HPV-positive women to colposcopy. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ detection rate was 9.7 per 1,000 women screened. The HPV test had a positive predictive value of 15.3% to detect CIN 2+ lesions. Triage using visual inspection with acetic acid significantly improved the positive predictive value (49.5% to detect CIN 2+), but missed a significant number of CIN 2+ lesions. Colposcopy sensitivity was also suboptimal. Of 51 women with lesions, 80% underwent ablative treatment and the majority accepted same-day treatment. CONCLUSION CHW-driven self-sampling for HPV testing is feasible, well-accepted, and effective for screening unscreened hard-to-reach women. The screen-and-treat approach can ensure strong linkage between screening and treatment.
PRP8A and PRP8B spliceosome subunits act coordinately to control pollen tube attraction in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kulichová Katarína , Kumar Vinod , Steinbachová Lenka , Klodová Božena , Timofejeva Ljudmilla , Juříček Miloslav , Honys David , Hafidh Said S. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Precise guided pollen tube growth by the female gametophyte is a prerequisite for successful sexual reproduction in flowering plants. Cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) secreted from the embryo sac are known pollen tube attractants perceived by pollen tube receptor-like kinases. How pre-mRNA splicing facilitates this cell-to-cell communication is not understood. Here, we report a novel function of Pre-mRNA PROCESSING factor 8 paralogs, PRP8A and PRP8B, as regulators of pollen tube attraction. Double mutant prp8a prp8b ovules cannot attract pollen tubes, and prp8a prp8b pollen tubes fail to sense the ovule's attraction signals. Only 3% of ovule-expressed genes were misregulated in prp8a prp8b. Combination of RNA sequencing and the MYB98/LURE1.2-YFP reporter revealed that the expression of MYB98, LUREs and 49 other CRPs were downregulated, suggesting loss of synergid cell fate. Differential exon usage and intron retention analysis revealed autoregulation of PPR8A/PRP8B splicing. In vivo, PRP8A co-immunoprecipitates with splicing enhancer AtSF3A1, suggesting involvement of PRP8A in 3′-splice site selection. Our data hint that the PRP8A/PRP8B module exhibits spliceosome autoregulation to facilitate pollen tube attraction via transcriptional regulation of MYB98, CRPs and LURE pollen tube attractants.
The Ambiguity of Earnings Announcements
Authors: Budanova Sofya , Cianciaruso Davide , Marinovic Iván 
Published: April 2020

We study the consequences of misreporting in settings where ambiguity-averse investors face uncertainty about two aspects of the firm: its productivity and the weakness of its reporting system. We show that the joint presence of these two sources of uncertainty distorts the firm’s investment choices in opposing ways, leading to overinvestment by large firms (to signal productivity) and underinvestment by small firms (to signal that the reporting system is not weak). Our analysis suggests that uncertainty regarding reporting weakness affects both the level of the market-to-book ratio and its association with firm size. In addition, we show that, under plausible circumstances, reductions in uncertainty can be detrimental to social welfare: lower information asymmetry about reporting weakness always encourages more aggressive misreporting and boosts investment, thereby exacerbating the possible overinvestment problem faced by some firms. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Feeling/being ‘out of place’: psychic defence against the hostile environment
Authors: Fang Nini 
Published: April 2020

What is it like to be an immigrant worker in a ‘hostile environment’ in the UK? How does the form of discursive environment, which sees immigration as a social epidemic, impact on an immigrant worker’s experience of their cultural (dis)localities and subjectivity? In this article, I draw on my personal, psychoanalytically informed voice to explore these questions, by foregrounding the materiality of the hosting environment as the place in which the present relational matrix takes place, in which the internal dynamics of object relations are lived in the present sense, and the idiosyncratic expression of selfhood assumes forms.
The materialised reality of the place matters not least because it is drenched in power relations but also as it is where an immigrant worker seeks to live. The hostile host, in this sense, sees immigrants not simply as its guests (Derrida and Dufourmantelle, 2000), but as unwelcome yet persistent guests to be yoked to their place of otherness and inferiority. By presenting vignettes of my encounters with the Home Office, I call into question the existential conditions of the immigrant worker and the potentiality for object-relatedness on relational grounds problematically punctured by hostile rhetoric. Could an immigrant’s sense of locality ever be anything but – evoking Said ([1999] 2013) – ‘out of place’? To address this, I will explore ‘out of place’ not simply as an emotional, lived experience, but also as a state of being that is embodied, psychically worked on and strategically evoked in resisting the power of the hostile host.
Defect mode tunability based on the electro-optical characteristics of the one-dimensional graphene photonic crystals
Authors: Aly Arafa H. , Sayed Fatma A. , Elsayed Hussein A. 
Published: April 2020

New (to the best of our knowledge) photonic crystal optical filters with unique optical characteristics are theoretically introduced in this research. Here, our design is composed of a defect layer inside one-dimensional photonic crystals. The main idea of our study is dependent on the tunability of the permittivity of graphene by means of the electro-optical effect. The transfer matrix method and the electro-optical effect represent the cornerstone of our methodology to investigate the numerical results of this design. The numerical results are investigated for four different configurations of the defective one-dimensional photonic crystals for the electric polarization mode. The graphene as a defect layer is deposited on two different electro-optical materials (lithium niobate and polystyrene) to obtain the four different configurations. The electro-optical properties of graphene represent the main role of our numerical results. In the infrared wavelength range from 0.7 µm to 1.6 µm, the reflectance properties of the composite structures are numerically simulated by varying several parameters such as defect layer thickness, applied electrical field, and incident angle. The numerical results show that graphene could enhance the reflectance characteristics of the defect mode in comparison with the two electro-optical materials without graphene. In the presence of graphene with lithium niobate, the intensity of the defect mode increased by 5% beside the shift in its position with 41 nm. For the case of polystyrene, the intensity of the defect mode increased from 6.5% to 68.8%, and its position is shifted with 72 nm. Such a design could be of significant interest in the sensing and measuring of electric fields, as well as for filtering purposes.
Origin of the Kerr effect: investigation of solutions by polarization-dependent Z-scan
Authors: Bundulis Arturs , Mihailovs Igors , Rutkis Martins 
Published: April 2020

The nonlinear refractive index dependence on the incident light polarization state has been studied for pure chloroform and chloroform solutions of aminobenziliden-1,3-indandione derivatives. Measurements were done with linearly, elliptically, and circularly polarized light using 8 ns and 30 ps pulse duration 1064 nm lasers. This allows us to separate the electronic response, molecular reorientation, and thermo-optical components of the nonlinear refractive index. The refractive index variations with the change of laser pulse repetition rate were employed to identify the presence of the thermo-optical effect. Quantum chemical calculations of linear polarizability were used to estimate the magnitude of molecular-reorientation-induced refractive index changes for solvents and solutions. Overall, in this paper we have outlined various essential aspects that need to be taken into account to correctly interpret Z-scan measurement results for organic solvents and solutions.
Bleeding From Buried Cholecystogastrostomy Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent: The Double Pigtail Catheter Rescue Treatment
Authors: Sánchez-Luna Sergio A. , Wong Morgan , Rustagi Tarun 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) allow transmural drainage of the gallbladder for endoscopic management of acute cholecystitis in nonsurgical candidates. Delayed bleeding from cholecystogastrostomy or gallbladder after the LAMS placement has not been reported. There are no data for the replacement of LAMS with plastic stents to prevent recurrent delayed bleeding. We present a case to describe an alternative treatment approach for cholecystogastrostomy bleeding related to a buried LAMS.
Accuracy of Noninvasive Fibrosis Scoring Systems in African American and White Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Marella Hemnishil K. , Reddy Yala Kirthi , Jiang Yu , Ganguli Surosree , Podila Pradeep S.B. , Snell Peter D. , Kovalic Alexander J. , Cholankeril George , Singal Ashwani K. , Nair Satheesh , Maliakkal Benedict , Satapathy Sanjaya K. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) score, and AST–alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio are noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.

METHODS:
In a large cohort of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, we compared AST–ALT ratio, NFS, FIB-4 score, and APRI score in predicting advanced fibrosis (defined as fibrosis stage ≥ 3) in histologically confirmed African American (AA) and white patients. We identified 907 patients: 677 (74.6%) white and 230 (25.3%) AA patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

RESULTS:
Of the 907 patients, 115 (12.8%) patients had advanced fibrosis (stages 3 and 4) in the total cohort: 6 (2.6%) AAs, and 109 (16.2%) whites. In AAs, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (area under the curve) for predicting advanced fibrosis was 0.58 by NFS, 0.86 by APRI score, 0.77 by FIB-4 score, and 0.65 by AST–ALT ratio. In whites, the area under the receiver operating characteristic for predicting advanced fibrosis was 0.82 by NFS, 0.82 by APRI score, 0.88 by FIB-4 score, and 0.76 by AST–ALT ratio. In the AA population, NFS > 0.675, FIB-4 score > 2.67, and APRI score > 1.5 each has a negative predictive value of 98%, whereas the negative predictive values in whites are 91%, 88%, and 85%, respectively.

DISCUSSION:
Noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems can reliably exclude advanced fibrosis in both AAs and whites and have acceptable discriminatory ability to predict advanced fibrosis in whites. The utility of noninvasive fibrosis scoring systems in predicting advanced fibrosis in AAs needs further validation in a larger multicenter cohort.