bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EL COMPLEJO ECLECTICISMO DE LAS TRADUCCIONES EN LA REVISTA CÁNTICO COMO FISURAS IDEOLÓGICAS EN LA ÉPOCA DE FRANCO
Authors: TORRALBO CABALLERO Juan de Dios 
Published: April 2020

Resumen: Este artículo estudia las traducciones de poesía en la revistaCántico a la luz de la era franquista. Se aborda la inclusión de poetascomunistas o socialistas como W. H. Auden, André Gide, Louis Aragony Salvatore Quasimodo analizando también la presencia de escritorespróximos al fascismo como Giuseppe Ungaretti. Destaca la existencia depoesía religiosa junto a la colaboración de escritores próximos al régimende Franco como Joaquín de Entrambasaguas, lo cual se interpreta nosolamente como predilección estética sino también como mecanismos paraevitar la censura. La inclusión de poesía catalana y gallega es otro aspectoque permite corroborar la apertura que esta revista aporta al panoramaliterario español. Abstract: This paper studies the translations of poetry in the journalCántico with reference to the Francoist age. It addresses the inclusionof Communist and Socialist poets like W.H. Auden, André Gide, LouisAragon, and Salvatore Quasimodo also analysing, conversely, the presenceof writers sympathetic to fascism, such as Giuseppe Ungaretti. It pointsout the presence of religious poetry, along with contributions by writers cosy with the Franco regime, like Joaquín Entrambasaguas, these being interpreted not only as aesthetic predilections, but also maneuvers to avoid censorship. The inclusion of poetry in Catalan and Galician is another aspect evidencing how the journal proved able to foster openness on the Spanish literary scene, despite the censorship to which it was exposed.
PRESENTACIÓN. MODAS, MODOS, MANERAS
Authors: GARCÍA APARICIO Rodrigo , NOGAL SANTAMARÍA Raquel 
Published: April 2020

Resumen: La presente compilación reúne una breve selección de lostextos presentados en el XVII Congreso Internacional de la AsociaciónEspañola de Semiótica y el I Congreso Ibérico de Semiótica que tuvo lugarentre el 23 y 25 de noviembre de 2017 en la Universidade Nova de Lisboa.En dicho encuentro se dieron cita investigadores de distintos países con elobjetivo de reflexionar sobre el concepto de moda desde el punto de vistasemiótico. Abstract: This compilation gathers a brief selection of the texts presentedat the XVVII International Congress of the Spanish Association ofSemiotics (AES) and the I Iberian Congress of Semiotics (AIS) that tookplace from 23rd to 25th of November, 2017 at the Universidade Nova deLisboa. In this meeting, researchers from different countries met to reflecton the concept of fashion from the semiotic point of view.
Sistemas de votación preferencial. Efectos en la competición interna de los partidos y en el comportamiento electoral
Authors: Passarelli Gianluca 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo examina los efectos del voto preferencial en la competencia electoral intrapartidaria y en el comportamiento del voto. Mediante los datos recogidos en 19 países y más de 200 elecciones, este estudio arroja luz en un aspecto ciertamente olvidado de los sistemas electorales. El autor demuestra que la capacidad de los votantes de influir en la selección y el descarte de parlamentarios en los sistemas de voto preferencial no es tan importante como se suele señalar. En cambio, su capacidad para dar forma a la elección de un determinado candidato depende enormemente del equilibrio entre poder de partido y poder del votante. De esta manera, este trabajo avanza en la compresión del efecto del voto preferencial en las dinámicas intrapartidarias, en la rotación parlamentaria y en el comportamiento del votante.This article examines the effects of preferential voting on intraparty electoral competition and voting behavior. Using data covering 19 countries and over 200 elections, this study sheds light on a somewhat neglected aspect of electoral systems. The author demonstrates that the ability of voters to influence the selection and deselection of MPs under preferential voting systems is not as important as is often assumed. Instead, their ability to shape the election of a given candidate depends heavily on the balance between party power and voter power. In this way, this work advances the understanding of the effect of preferential voting on intra-party dynamics, parliamentary turnover, and voter behavior.
Comparative Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Thymus schimperi and Moringa stenopetala on Regional Blood Flow Velocity and Vascular Resistance of Pre-eclampsia Rat Models
Authors: Mergiaw Kumlachew , Mengesha Yoseph A. , Makonnen Eyasu , Tolessa Tesfaye , Genet Solomon , Abebe Abiy , Tadele Ashenif , Gebreyesus Kidist , Ashencho Demeke , Debella Asfaw 
Published: April 2020

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with a prevalence rate of 3-5%. There is no modern drug which cures PE so far. On the other hand, plant medicines are claimed to cure this disease. Exploring potential plant medicines for their therapeutic and/or prophylactic uses in this disease, therefore has paramount importance. In Ethiopia, there is a strong claim that leaves of Moringa stenopetala and Thymus schimperi have anti-hypertension activities. Thus, the current study was supposed to prove the potential therapeutic effects of the two plants against PE. PE reduces organ blood flow and increasesvascular resistance. Assessing these variables has widely been accepted when monitoring high-risk pregnancies and evaluating therapeutic and/or prophylactic uses of drugs.
Methods: A comparative experimental case control study was employed to determine the effects of aqueous crude extracts of Thymus schimperi and Moringa stenopetala on regional blood flow velocities and vascular resistance of PE Albino-Wistar rat models induced by a potent vasoconstrictor, nitro-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME). A Doppler flow meter (Atys, Directive 93/42/EEC/CEE, Model, BASIC123LP) was used to measure the systolic and diastolic regional blood flow velocities through abdominal aorta, uterine, renal and common carotid arteries. The peripheral vascular resistance for the respective vessels were evaluated using resistivity and pulsatility indices.
Results: Aqueous leaf extracts of T. schimperi (ALETS) and M. stenopetala (ALEMS) significantly increased regional blood flow velocities and decreased peripheral vascular resistance in PE rat modelsin a dose dependent pattern compared with untreated controls. For example, ALETS treated PE groups showed increased diastolic blood velocity (DBV) (cm/sec) of uterine arteries 3.8±0.4 (p<0.05), 4.2±0.4 (p<0.01), 7.3±0.5 (p<0.01), while ALEMS treated PE group had uterine arterial DBV of 2.8±0.3 (p<0.01), 3.5±0.8 (p<0.05), 6.6±0.8 (p<0.01) with daily doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1 gm/kg, respectively. Moreover, the vascular resistances (measured by resistivity and pulsatility indices), of the respective vessels were significantly lower in a dose dependent pattern.
Conclusion: Both ALETS and ALEMS could increaseregional blood flow velocities and decrease vascular resistances of PE rat models. Further investigation should, however, be carried out to confirm their therapeutic merits.
Automated quality control in nuclear medicine using the structured noise index
Authors: Nelson Jeffrey S. , Samei Ehsan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeDaily flood‐field uniformity evaluation serves as the central element of nuclear medicine (NM) quality control (QC) programs. Uniformity images are traditionally analyzed using pixel value‐based metrics, that is, integral uniformity (IU), which often fail to capture subtle structure and patterns caused by changes in gamma camera performance, requiring visual inspections which are subjective and time demanding. The goal of this project was to implement an advanced QC metrology for NM to effectively identify nonuniformity issues, and report issues in a timely manner for efficient correction prior to clinical use. The project involved the implementation of the program over a 2‐year period at a multisite major medical institution.MethodsUsing a previously developed quantitative uniformity analysis metric, the structured noise index (SNI) [Nelson et al. (2014), \textit{J Nucl Med.}, \textbf{55}:169—174], an automated QC process was developed to analyze, archive, and report on daily NM QC uniformity images. Clinical implementation of the newly developed program ran in parallel with the manufacturer’s reported IU‐based QC program. The effectiveness of the SNI program was evaluated over a 21‐month period using sensitivity and coefficient of variation statistics.ResultsA total of 7365 uniformity QC images were analyzed. Lower level SNI alerts were generated in 12.5% of images and upper level alerts in 1.7%. Intervention due to image quality issues occurred on 26 instances; the SNI metric identified 24, while the IU metric identified eight. The SNI metric reported five upper level alerts where no clinical engineering intervention was deemed necessary.ConclusionAn SNI‐based QC program provides a robust quantification of the performance of gamma camera uniformity. It operates seamlessly across a fleet of multiple camera models and, additionally, provides effective workflow among the clinical staff. The reliability of this process could eliminate the need for visual inspection of each image, saving valuable time, while enabling quantitative analysis of inter‐ and intrasystem performance.
The effect of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using flattening filter‐free beams on cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) in clinical situations
Authors: Aslian Hossein , Kron Tomas , Watts Troy , Akalanli Cagla , Hardcastle Nicholas , Lonski Peta , Montaseri Atousa , Hay Barry , Korte James , Berk Kemal , Longo Francesco , Severgnini Mara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study focused on determining risks from stereotactic radiotherapy using flattening filter‐free (FFF) beams for patients with cardiac implantable electronic device (CIEDs). Two strategies were employed: a) a retrospective analysis of patients with CIEDs who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)/SBRT at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre between 2014 and 2018 and b) an experimental study on the impact of FFF beams on CIEDs.MethodsA retrospective review was performed. Subsequently, a phantom study was performed using 30 fully functional explanted CIEDs from two different manufacturers. Irradiation was carried out in a slab phantom with 6‐MV and 10‐MV FFF beams. First, a repetition‐rate test (RRT) with a range of beam pulse frequencies was conducted. Then, multifraction SBRT (48 Gy/4 Fx) and single‐fraction SBRT (28 Gy/1 Fx) treatment plans were used for lung tumors delivered to the phantom.ResultsBetween 2014 and 2018, 13 cases were treated with an FFF beam (6 MV, 1400 MU/min or 10 MV, 2400 MU/min), and 15 cases were treated with a flattening filter (FF) beam (6 MV, 600 MU/min). All the devices were positioned outside the treatment field at a distance of more than 5 cm, except for one case, and no failures were reported due to SBRT/SRS. In the phantom rep‐rate tests, inappropriate sensing occurred, starting at a rep‐rate of 1200 MU/min. Cardiac implantable electronic device anomalies during and after delivering VMAT‐SBRT with a 10‐MV FFF beam were observed.ConclusionsThe study showed that caution should be paid to managing CIED patients when they undergo SBRT using FFF beams, as it is recommended by AAPM TG‐203. Correspondingly, it was found that for FFF beams although there is small risk from dose‐rate effects, delivering high dose of radiation with beam energy greater than 6 MV and high‐dose rate to CIEDs positioned in close vicinity of the PTV may present issues.
“Tell me more about this…”: An examination of the efficacy of follow‐up open questions following an initial account
Authors: Kontogianni Feni , Hope Lorraine , Taylor Paul J. , Vrij Aldert , Gabbert Fiona 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn information gathering interviews, follow‐up questions are asked to clarify and extend initial witness accounts. Across two experiments, we examined the efficacy of open‐ended questions following an account about a multi‐perpetrator event. In Experiment 1, 50 mock‐witnesses used the timeline technique or a free recall format to provide an initial account. Although follow‐up questions elicited new information (18–22% of the total output) across conditions, the response accuracy (60%) was significantly lower than that of the initial account (83%). In Experiment 2 (N = 60), half of the participants received pre‐questioning instructions to monitor accuracy when responding to follow‐up questions. New information was reported (21–22% of the total output) across conditions, but despite using pre‐questioning instructions, response accuracy (75%) was again lower than the spontaneously reported information (87.5%). Follow‐up open‐ended questions prompt additional reporting; however, practitioners should be cautious to corroborate the accuracy of new reported details.
Relationship Between Pain and Sedentary Behavior in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: O’Leary Helen , Larkin Louise , Murphy Gráinne M. , Quinn Karen 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveDespite the known benefits of physical activity, high numbers of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain physically inactive and sedentary. Little is known about the determinants of sedentary behavior (SB) in RA. This cross‐sectional study was undertaken to examine a range of pain characteristics and RA‐related symptoms and their relationship with objectively measured SB.MethodsIn total, 76 adults with RA wore an activPAL4 accelerometer (PAL Technologies) over a 7‐day period. Pain characteristics (pain intensity, painful joint count, nonarticular pain), fatigue, sleep, depression, anxiety, and disease activity were assessed. Analyses were first conducted to evaluate correlations with sedentary time. The independent contribution of pain characteristics to variation in SB was analyzed with multivariable linear regression (adjusted for demographic data and disease activity).ResultsParticipants with valid accelerometer data (n = 72) spent a mean ± SD of 533.7 ± 100.1 minutes/day in SB. Positive associations with daily SB were found for pain intensity (r = 0.31, P < 0.01) and number of painful joints (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) but not nonarticular pain. In multivariable analyses, pain characteristics were not independently associated with SB. Analyses indicated that disease activity had an indirect association with SB mediated by pain intensity. Other correlates of daily SB included anxiety and depression but not fatigue or sleep.ConclusionResults suggest that while pain and other RA‐related factors do play a role in SB, they do not appear to have a significant influence after accounting for other variables. Future research should investigate SB and the role of factors unrelated to the symptoms of RA.
Measuring Advanced/Extended Practice Roles in Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Care in Canada
Authors: Lundon Katie , Inrig Taucha , Paton Morag , Shupak Rachel , Kennedy Carol , McGlynn Mandy , Barber Claire 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveOur objective was to characterize Canadian workforce attributes of extended role practitioners (ERPs) in arthritis care.MethodsWe used an exploratory, mixed‐methods study that was based on the Canadian Rheumatology Association's Stand Up and Be Counted Rheumatologist Workforce Survey (2015). An anonymous online survey was deployed to groups of non‐physician health care professionals across Canada who potentially had post‐licensure training in arthritis care. Demographic and practice information were elicited. Qualitative responses were analyzed using grounded theory techniques.ResultsOf 141 respondents, 91 identified as practicing in extended role capacities. The mean age of ERP respondents was 48.7; 87% were female, and 41% of ERPs planned to retire within 5 to 10 years. Respondents were largely physical or occupational therapists by profession and practiced in urban/academic (46%), community (39%), and rural settings (13%). Differences in practice patterns were noted between ERPs (64.5%) and non‐ERPs (34.5%), with more ERPs working in extended role capacities while retaining activities reflective of their professional backgrounds. Most respondents (95%) agreed that formal training is necessary to work as an ERP, but only half perceived they had sufficient training opportunities. Barriers to pursuing training were varied, including personal barriers, geographic barriers, patient‐care needs, and financial/remuneration concerns.ConclusionTo our knowledge, no previous studies have assessed the workforce capacity or the perceived need for the training of ERPs working in arthritis and musculoskeletal care. Measurement is important because in these health disciplines, practitioners’ scopes of practice evolve, and ERPs integrate into the Canadian health care system. ERPs have emerged to augment provision of arthritis care, but funding for continuing professional development opportunities and for role implementation remains tenuous.
A Droplet Microfluidic System to Fabricate Hybrid Capsules Enabling Stem Cell Organoid Engineering
Authors: Liu Haitao , Wang Yaqing , Wang Hui , Zhao Mengqian , Tao Tingting , Zhang Xu , Qin Jianhua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOrganoids derived from self‐organizing stem cells represent a major technological breakthrough with the potential to revolutionize biomedical research. However, building high‐fidelity organoids in a reproducible and high‐throughput manner remains challenging. Here, a droplet microfluidic system is developed for controllable fabrication of hybrid hydrogel capsules, which allows for massive 3D culture and formation of functional and uniform islet organoids derived from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In this all‐in‐water microfluidic system, an array of droplets is utilized as templates for one‐step fabrication of binary capsules relying on interfacial complexation of oppositely charged Na‐alginate (NaA) and chitosan (CS). The produced hybrid capsules exhibit high uniformity, and are biocompatible, stable, and permeable. The established system enables capsule production, 3D culture, and self‐organizing formation of human islet organoids in a continuous process by encapsulating pancreatic endocrine cells from hiPSCs. The generated islet organoids contain islet‐specific α‐ and β‐like cells with high expression of pancreatic hormone specific genes and proteins. Moreover, they exhibit sensitive glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion function, demonstrating the capability of these binary capsules to engineer human organoids from hiPSCs. The proposed system is scalable, easy‐to‐operate, and stable, which can offer a robust platform for advancing human organoids research and translational applications.
Agronomic and economic response of bread wheat to foliar zinc application
Authors: Afshar Reza Keshavarz , Chen Chengci , Zhou Shuang , Etemadi Fatemeh , He Huaqin , Li Zhaowei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractZinc (Zn) deficiency is a common micronutrient deficiency in human population, especially in regions where grain cereals are the primary supply of daily calorie intake. Zinc also performs an important role in plant growth and Zn deficiency can limit crop yield and quality. A 3‐yr field study was conducted to determine response of wheat cultivars to foliar application of Zn. Zinc sulfate was sprayed on plant canopy at a rate of 1.12 kg Zn ha−1 once (at heading) or twice (at heading and flowering). One application of Zn at heading increased grain Zn concentration by a range of 5.8 to 9.5 mg kg−1 corresponding to a 17–47% increase over the unfertilized control in various years. With the application of Zn at both heading and flowering, grain Zn concentration reached 44.3 and 52.4 mg kg−1 (in Years 2 and 3), implying an increase of 35–93% compared to the untreated control. The second application of Zn at flowering was necessary to produce grains with Zn concentration above the target level of 40 mg kg−1 to have a nutritional effect. Zinc application also marginally increased grain yield. This yield increase, however, was not adequate to offset additional production costs associated with Zn fertilization. The economic analysis revealed that the net return from the first and second Zn application was −1 and +13 USD ha−1, respectively. Therefore, it is unlikely that farmers will be motivated to adopt this system unless a price incentive or government payments are provided for farmers for producing Zn‐biofortified grains.
Sexually dimorphic phrase organization in the song of the indris (Indri indri)
Authors: Zanoli Anna , De Gregorio Chiara , Valente Daria , Torti Valeria , Bonadonna Giovanna , Randrianarison Rose Marie , Giacoma Cristina , Gamba Marco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnimal acoustic communication often takes the form of complex sequences, composed of multiple distinct acoustic units, which can vary in their degree of stereotypy. Studies of sequence variation may contribute to our understanding of the structural flexibility of primates' songs, which can provide essential ecological and behavioral information about variability at the individual, population, and specific level and provide insights into the mechanisms and drivers responsible for the evolutionary change of communicative traits. Several methods have been used for investigating different levels of structural information and sequence similarity in acoustic displays. We studied intra and interindividual variation in the song structuring of a singing primate, the indri (Indri indri), which inhabits the montane rain forests of Madagascar. Indri groups emit duets and choruses in which they combine long notes, short single units, and phrases consisting of a variable number of units (from two to six) with slightly descending frequency. Males' and females' contributions to the song differ in the temporal and frequency structure of song units and repertoire size. We calculated the similarity of phrase organization across different individual contributions using the Levenshtein distance, a logic distance that expressed the minimum cost to convert a sequence into another and can measure differences between two sequences of data. We then analyzed the degree of similarity within and between individuals and found that: (a) the phrase structure of songs varied between reproductive males and females: female structuring of the song showed a higher number of phrases if compared to males; (b) male contributions to the song were overall more similar to those of other males than were female contributions to the song of other females; (c) male contributions were more stereotyped than female contributions, which showed greater individual flexibility. The picture emerging from phrase combinatorics in the indris is in agreement with previous findings of rhythmic features and song repertoire size of the indris, which also suggested that female songs are potentially less stereotyped than those of males.