bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The SUPPRESSOR of MAX2 1 (SMAX1)-Like SMXL6, SMXL7 and SMXL8 Act as Negative Regulators in Response to Drought Stress in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Tao , Lian Yuke , Kang Jihong , Bian Zhiyuan , Xuan Lijuan , Gao Zhensheng , Wang Xinyu , Deng Jianming , Wang Chongying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Drought represents a major threat to crop growth and yields. Strigolactones (SLs) contribute to regulating shoot branching by targeting the SUPPRESSOR OF MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2)-LIKE6 (SMXL6), SMXL7 and SMXL8 for degradation in a MAX2-dependent manner in Arabidopsis. Although SLs are implicated in plant drought response, the functions of the SMXL6, 7 and 8 in the SL-regulated plant response to drought stress have remained unclear. Here, we performed transcriptomic, physiological and biochemical analyses of smxl6, 7, 8 and max2 plants to understand the basis for SMXL6/7/8-regulated drought response. We found that three D53 (DWARF53)-Like SMXL members, SMXL6, 7 and 8, are involved in drought response as the smxl6smxl7smxl8 triple mutants showed markedly enhanced drought tolerance compared to wild type (WT). The smxl6smxl7smxl8 plants exhibited decreased leaf stomatal index, cuticular permeability and water loss, and increased anthocyanin biosynthesis during dehydration. Moreover, smxl6smxl7smxl8 were hypersensitive to ABA-induced stomatal closure and ABA responsiveness during and after germination. In addition, RNA-sequencing analysis of the leaves of the D53-like smxl mutants, SL-response max2 mutant and WT plants under normal and dehydration conditions revealed an SMXL6/7/8-mediated network controlling plant adaptation to drought stress via many stress- and/or ABA-responsive and SL-related genes. These data further provide evidence for crosstalk between ABA- and SL-dependent signaling pathways in regulating plant responses to drought. Our results demonstrate that SMXL6, 7 and 8 are vital components of SL signaling and are negatively involved in drought responses, suggesting that genetic manipulation of SMXL6/7/8-dependent SL signaling may provide novel ways to improve drought resistance.
Monetary Policy and the Predictability of Nominal Exchange Rates
Authors: Eichenbaum M S , Johannsen B K , Rebelo S T 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article studies how the monetary policy regime affects the relative importance of nominal exchange rates and inflation rates in shaping the response of real exchange rates to shocks. We document two facts about inflation-targeting countries. First, the current real exchange rate predicts future changes in the nominal exchange rate. Second, the real exchange rate is a poor predictor of future inflation rates. We estimate a medium-size, open-economy DSGE model that accounts quantitatively for these facts as well as other empirical properties of real and nominal exchange rates. The key estimated shocks that drive the dynamics of exchange rates and their covariance with inflation are disturbances to the foreign demand for dollar-denominated bonds.
Overcoming Discount Window Stigma: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Armantier Olivier , Holt Charles A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A core responsibility of the Federal Reserve is to ensure financial stability by acting as the “lender of last resort” through its discount window (DW). Historically, however, the DW has not been effective because its usage is stigmatized. In this paper, we develop a coordination game with adverse selection, and we test in the lab policies that have been proposed to mitigate DW stigma. We find that lowering the DW cost and making DW borrowing difficult to detect are ineffective, but regular random DW borrowing can overcome DW stigma. Implications for other forms of stigma in finance are discussed.
Refractive outcome of toric intraocular lens calculation in cases of oblique anterior corneal astigmatism
Authors: Sheen Ophir Shira , LaHood Ben , Goggin Michael 
Published: May 2020

Purpose:
To establish whether toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculation on the basis of anterior corneal measurements alone, in corneas with oblique anterior astigmatism, will result in a systematic overcorrection or undercorrection of postoperative refractive astigmatism, and to establish whether adjustment of oblique anterior corneal astigmatism to allow for the likely effect of posterior corneal astigmatism is needed in such eyes.

Setting:
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Adelaide, South Australia.

Design:
Retrospective case series.

Methods:
Data were collected from consecutive eyes with oblique anterior corneal astigmatism undergoing cataract surgery or refractive lens exchange. Toric IOL calculations were made using unadjusted anterior corneal astigmatism measurements and an astigmatically neutral technique. By comparison of targeted vs achieved astigmatic correction using vector analysis, the astigmatic power prediction error and angle of error were derived.

Results:
In 50 eyes, the mean postoperatively measured refractive astigmatism was 0.42 diopters (D) (SD 0.33 D), the mean targeted refractive astigmatism was 0.15 (SD 0.18), and the vector-derived mean absolute prediction error was 0.23 D (SD 0.21). All 50 eyes (100%) fell at or within ±1.00 D of the target and 45 eyes (90%) at or within ±0.50 D. The geometric mean astigmatism correction index was 0.98, and the mean absolute angle of error was 8.63 degrees (SD 8.55).

Conclusions:
There is no systematic error attributable to posterior corneal astigmatism in toric IOL calculation and no need for adjustment of anteriorly measured corneal keratometric values for toric IOL calculation in eyes with oblique anterior corneal astigmatism. To do so may introduce an error in astigmatic outcome.
Disparities in the Deaths of Despair by Occupation, Massachusetts, 2000 to 2015
Authors: Hawkins Devan , Davis Letitia , Punnett Laura , Kriebel David 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To explore mortality rates and trends according to the occupation of workers who died from the deaths of despair (DoD).

Methods:
Death certificates for deaths due to poisonings (including opioid-related overdoses), suicides, and alcoholic liver disease occurring in Massachusetts from 2000 to 2015 were collected and coded according to the occupation of the decedent. Mortality rates and trends in mortality were calculated for each occupation.

Results:
DoDs increased by more than 50% between 2000 to 2004 and 2011 to 2015. There were substantial differences in mortality rates and trends according to occupation. Blue collar workers were at a particularly elevated risk for DoD and had elevated trends for these deaths, notably: construction and farming, fishing, and forestry workers.

Conclusions:
Interventions should be targeted to occupations with elevated mortality rates and trends. Occupational risk factors that may contribute to these disparities should be explored.
Increasing Physical Therapy Visits as a Marker for Time Lost From Work and High Workers’ Compensation Claim Costs
Authors: Bernacki Edward J. , Leung Nina , Yuspeh Larry , Kalia Nimisha , Lavin Robert A. , Tsourmas Nicholas F. , Tao Xuguang (Grant) 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To quantify the association between physical therapy (PT) visits and workers’ compensation costs and lost time.

Method:
A total of 40,203 lost-time claims (1998 to 2018) were analyzed.

Results:
The odds ratio of total paid claim costs more than or equal to $100,000 increased with the number of PT visits from 1.91 with 1 to 3 PT visits (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.62 to 2.26) to 5.56 (95% CI: 4.86 to 6.37) for workers with a surgical procedure and more than or equal to 50 PT visits versus those without PT visits, when controlling for confounding factors. The risk of remaining at an off work status is greatest among claims involving surgery, escalating among claims with 15 or more PT visits (hazard ratio more than or equal to 3.76).

Conclusions:
PT visits may be used as a marker for high workers’ compensation cost and delayed return-to-work.
Impact of a Mindfulness-Based, Workplace Group Yoga Intervention on Burnout, Self-Care, and Compassion in Health Care Professionals
Authors: Ofei-Dodoo Samuel , Cleland-Leighton Anna , Nilsen Kari , Cloward Jacob L. , Casey Eastin 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To investigate whether a workplace, group mindfulness-based yoga intervention could help manage burnout and improve wellbeing among health care professionals.

Methods:
A total of 43 health care professionals participated in 8-week supervised workplace, group mindfulness-based yoga activities. The authors used a single-sample, pre-post design. At two points in time (baseline and postintervention), participants completed a set of online measures assessing burnout, depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, and compassion. The authors used linear mixed model analysis to assess changes in outcome measures.

Results:
Participants had improvements after the 8-week intervention. At postintervention, they had significantly better scores on personal accomplishment, depression, anxiety, stress, perceived resilience, and compassion. Participants had a positive perception of the yoga intervention.

Conclusion:
Group mindfulness-based yoga program may be convenient and low-cost approach to support health and wellbeing among health care professionals.
Plaque features and vascular geometry in basilar artery atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhou Li , Yan Yufeng , Du Heng , Ni Xiaoxing , Wang Guodong , Wang Qiaoshu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hemodynamic changes occurring at the segments of arterial bifurcations, up and down stream of stenotic vessels appear to play a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that basilar artery (BA) geometry may be related to the distribution of atherosclerotic plaque.
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, all patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke and intracranial atherosclerotic disease were sifted from March 2017 to October 2017. Sixty-seven patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease (39 with and 28 without BA atherosclerosis) were analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, and high-resolution black-blood MRI were performed within 7 days after symptoms onset. BA tortuosity, plaque location, and plaque enhancement were assessed. Plaque burden and vascular remodeling were measured.
Of the 39 patients with BA atherosclerosis, plaques preferred to be formed at the inner arc than the outer arc (27/39, 69% vs 12/39, 31%) in the tortuous BA. In addition, patients with BA plaque had a greater vascular tortuosity compared with those without plaque (113.1 ± 10.2 vs 107 ± 4.6; P = .034). Finally, patients with apparent BA plaque had greater plaque enhancement (14/21, 67% vs 5/18, 28%; P = .017) and plaque burden (0.76 ± 0.15 vs 0.70 ± 0.09; P = .036) compared with those with minimal plaque.
Plaque may be more likely to form at the inner arc of tortuous BA with atherosclerotic disease, and increased BA tortuosity is associated with its likelihood to form plaque.
Incidence of injuries among amateur badminton players
Authors: Marchena-Rodriguez Ana , Gijon-Nogueron Gabriel , Cabello-Manrique David , Ortega-Avila Ana Belen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The main aims of this study were, firstly, to investigate the frequency, location, and severity of injuries in amateur badminton players, and then to determine risk factors that may be associated with a higher incidence of injuries.
A cross-sectional study, composed of 150 players drawn from the 2018 BWF European Senior Championships, was analyzed. The definitions and types of injury included in the study are based on those published in previous epidemiology studies.
Among the 150 players analyzed, 221 injuries were observed, of which the highest proportion (40.3%, n = 89) affected the lower limb. Of these 22.44% were to the knee and 18.3% to the leg. In the upper limb, the shoulder was most frequently affected (11.8%). The mean rate of injuries per 1000 hours of play was 0.134 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.1), with 0.138 (SD: 0.1) among the male players and 0.131 (SD: 0.08) among the female players (P = .981: F = 0.001). The average duration of the injuries suffered exceeded 28 days in 34.5% of the cases.
The incidence of injury varied according to sex and age. Most injuries affected the muscles, especially those of the knee (in the lower limbs) and the shoulder (in the upper limbs).
Acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer: Experience in 11 patients at an urban acute care center in the USA
Authors: Sugawa Choichi , Culver Ashley , Diebel Mark , McLeod Jennifer S. , Lucas Charles E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer (AHRU) is a rare entity which has most frequently been described in Japan and Taiwan literature. This study characterizes 11 AHRUs identified and managed at an urban acute care hospital in the United States of America (USA).

Methods:
A total of 2253 inpatients underwent colonoscopy. In 1172 patients (52%), colonoscopy was performed for evaluation of lower gastrointestinal (LGI) bleeding. Eleven (0.9%) of the 1172 patients with LGI bleeding had AHRU.

Results:
AHRU is characterized by a sudden onset of painless and massive lower rectal bleeding in elderly, bedridden patients (pts) with major underlying diseases. The endoscopic findings were classified into 4 types. All 11 ulcers were located in the distal rectum within 10 cm of the dentate line. All 11 patients required blood transfusion (mean = 3.7 units; range 2–9 units). Seven patients responded to blood, plasma, and platelet transfusions. The other 4 patients required endoscopic hemostasis.
Three patients died within a month of colonoscopy from comorbidities. None had bleeding as a cause of death. Eight surviving patients did not have recurrent bleeding.

Conclusion:
AHRU does exist in the USA and should be considered as an important cause of acute lower GI bleeding in elderly, critically ill, and bedridden patients. AHRU should be recognized and managed correctly.
Loco-regional outcomes of adjusted breast radiotherapy with conventional fractionation after breast conserving surgery
Authors: Kim Sang-Won , Chun Mison , Oh Young-Taek , Noh O. Kyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We compared the cumulative incidence of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) between 2 whole breast irradiation (WBI) dose range with conventional fractionation.
We retrospectively reviewed 1122 patients who received WBI at 2 institutions between 2004 and 2012. One institution delivered WBI 41.4 to 45 Gy followed by boost 14 to 18 Gy (adjusted group), while the other delivered WBI 50 to 50.4 Gy followed by boost 10 Gy (standard group).
The median follow-up period was 85 months. The 10-year cumulative incidence in all patients was 6.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.3%–8.4%) for IBTR and 3.0% (95% CI: 1.7%–4.8%) for regional recurrence. The 10-year cumulative incidence of IBTR was not significantly influenced by WBI dose (6.3% in the adjusted group vs 5.2% in the standard group, P = .136). Comparable IBTR rates between the 2 groups were observed regardless of clinical and pathological factors. The WBI dose was not significantly associated with the 10-year cumulative incidence of regional recurrence in these groups (3.5% in the adjusted group vs 0.5% in the standard group, P = .214).
De-escalated WBI doses while intensifying tumor bed boost did not compromise local and regional outcomes compared to standard group.
Epstein-Barr virus associated hepatic smooth muscle tumor in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Zhou Qihui , Wu Fengtian , Guo Yongzheng , Zhu Biao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) usually present under the condition of immunosuppression, including congenital immunodeficiency syndrome-SMT, post-transplantation-SMT and HIV-SMT. HIV-SMTs are most likely to invade the central nervous system, followed by the liver, lungs, and other locations.
[1]
Many laboratory techniques, including serological techniques, polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry (IHC), are employed to determine the aetiologies of these tumours. With respect to therapy, surgical resection is the main treatment. In patients with immunodeficiency, improving immune status is significant for defending against other viruses. We describe a case of the primary focus of SMT in the liver of HIV-positive patient without any metastasis.

Patient concerns:
A young male HIV-positive patient complained of fever and abdominal pain for 2 months.

Diagnosis:
IHC of liver tissue confirmed the finding: EBV-related smooth muscle tumor.

Interventions:
Given the patient's general condition, he was not a suitable candidate for surgical resection. He was given antibiotics, antifungal agents and EBV-directed agents to control infection as well as highly active antiretroviral therapy to enhance the immunity.

Outcomes:
The patient's symptoms improved. He was discharged.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, EBV-related HIV-SMTs is a rare neoplasm found in the liver among immunodeficient patients. This case highlights that a variety of examinations such as IHC for smooth muscle markers (smooth muscle actin and desmin) and EBER, as well as polymerase chain reaction for EBV DNA should be done when diagnoses are ambiguous.
Increased thalamocortical connectivity to the medial prefrontal cortex with recovery of impaired consciousness in a stroke patient
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Seo You Sung , Lee Sung Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
We report a stroke patient who showed increased thalamocortical connectivity to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with recovery of impaired consciousness that was demonstrated on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS).

Patients concerns:
A 48-year-old male patient underwent craniectomy and hematoma removal for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia and thalamus. When he started rehabilitation at 5 weeks after onset he was in a vegetative state with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score of 6.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia and thalamus.

Interventions:
He underwent comprehensive rehabilitation including neurotropic durgs, transcranial direct current stimulation, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the left prefrontal lobe (Brodmann area 10).

Outcomes:
After 5 weeks of rehabilitation, the patient had recovered to a nearly normal conscious state with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score of 22. On 10-week DTT, thickening of the lower dorsal ARAS was observed on both sides compared with 5-week DTT. Decreased neural connectivity to the left PFC was observed on 5-week DTT whereas decreased neural connectivity to the left PFC was increased on 10-week DTT, especially the mPFC.

Lessons:
Increased thalamocortical connectivity to the mPFC was demonstrated in a stroke patient who showed concomitant recovery from a vegetative state to a nearly normal conscious state. The results suggest that the increased neural connectivity to the mPMC contributed to recovery of consciousness in this patient.
Treatment of slow transit constipation-induced ileus during pregnancy by colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis
Authors: Wang Rui , Su Qi , Yan Zhaopeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Slow transit constipation is a major cause of chronic constipation. During pregnancy, changes in hormone levels and the physical effects of an enlarged uterus could cause new onset slow transit constipation or aggravate a pre-existing constipation. The management of slow transit constipation-induced ileus during pregnancy is a medical dilemma.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old pregnant woman presented to the emergency department with a 7-day history of worsening bloating and abdominal colic. The patient was in her third trimester (27 weeks). She had a 5-year history of constipation which had worsened with her pregnancy, and neither flatus nor stool could be passed.

Diagnosis:
Based on the constipation history and computed tomography, a slow transit constipation-induced ileus was confirmed.

Interventions:
As medications for the management of constipation and endoscopic efforts to remove the blockage were ineffective and the patient's symptoms worsened, Cesarean section and colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis were performed.

Outcomes:
After the procedure, the patient recovered and defecated well. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient reported that she defecated two to three times per day without difficulty.

Conclusion:
Pregnancy can worsen pre-existing constipation and cause ileus. In cases where drug treatment is unsuccessful, colectomy, and ileorectal anastomosis may be necessary.
Baduanjin exercise for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy
Authors: Dai Wenkang , Wang Xiongwei , Xie Rui , Zhuang Minghui , Chang Xiaojuan , Yang Guoqing , Yu Jie , Zhu Liguo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) is one of the most common public health concerns in the world. Baduanjin is very widely and popularly practiced for the management of CSR. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of Baduanjin exercise for patients with CSR.

Methods:
The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical Trials.gov, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang database, and VIP databases were searched from inception to July 2019 to identify potentially eligible studies. The methodological quality of the included studies using the risk bias assessment tool of Cochrane. All statistical analysis are conducted with Revman 5.3.

Results:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a synthesis of existing evidences for the treatment of Baduanjin on CSR.

Conclusion:
The conclusions of this study will provide evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of Baduanjin for CSR, which can further guide the promotion and clinical decisions.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020149659