bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value chain analysis of information services for visually impaired people: a case study of contemporary technological solutions
Authors: Cheung Tak Yee , Ye Zengyu , Chiu Dickson K.W. 
Published: October 2020

PurposePeople with visual impairment comprise the second high disability population in Hong Kong, but only two existing information centers provide information services for visually impaired people, which is inadequate. Therefore, this study aims to provide a more in-depth understanding of the information services for visually impaired people in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachPeople with visual impairment comprise the second high disability population in Hong Kong, but only two existing information centers provide information services for visually impaired people, which is inadequate. Therefore, this study aims to provide a more in-depth understanding of the information services for visually impaired people in Hong Kong.FindingsIAC's main problems include limited collection, inconsistent multiple digital platforms for user access, limited service hours and limited promotion. Some technological suggestions were proposed, which include: expanding its electronic and special collections, establishing a one-stop digital platform, AI-based chatbot for automated caring chats and reference services, and extending its social network marketing.Originality/valueScant studies focus on the information services and management of special libraries for visually impaired people, especially in East Asia. On the other hand, there are limited case studies analyzing libraries with value-chain analysis.
Understanding information behavior of diabetic patients: a case of the diabetic's institute Pakistan
Authors: Soroya Saira Hanif , Ilyas Aleeha , Ameen Kanwal 
Published: October 2020

PurposePakistan is a developing country where one of the rapidly growing diseases is diabetes. Well-informed diabetic patients are expected to improve the quality of life, self-care behaviors and better cooperation with the health care team. The present study is designed to investigate the information behavior of diabetic patients, and to investigate the role of one institution that is working for diabetes management, treatment, education and counseling in Pakistan i.e. Diabetic's Institute Pakistan (DIP).Design/methodology/approachThe “Embedded Design” based on the mixed methods research approach was adopted to carry out the current research. The study was mainly based on quantitative research design, quantitative data were collected through an adapted questionnaire, the supportive/supplementary qualitative data was collected through an in-depth interview of the medical director, observation record sheets and analysis of the available relevant documents i.e. prescription (prescription notepad with information), brochure and the website was applied.FindingsDiabetic patients want to know about how to control diabetes and mostly rely on humans particularly health professionals and interpersonal networks. The use of books, journals, seminars, libraries is comparatively low. It is an important finding that health-related information is mostly required in national language by Pakistani patients. Lack of computer literacy and information overload were among the barriers that were reported by diabetic patients.Practical implicationsHealth information seeking channels, formats and language preferences should be considered to design patients' cantered information services. Health information service providers i.e. government, health practitioners, health-related institutions and libraries should work in a liaison for creating health awareness. Identified barriers faced by diabetic patients are important to consider for designing health-related information services.Originality/valueInvestigating health information behavior is crucial particularly of the patients from developing countries. The study is first of its kind that is reported from Pakistan. The results of the study may help libraries, health professionals and diabetes-related organizations to design patient's centered policies and information-based services. These institutions may work together to create awareness and to help patients in managing their disease. The study findings are maybe helpful for other developing countries also.
Transformational leadership and employee communication behaviors: the role of communal and exchange relationship norms
Authors: Lee Yeunjae , Chon Myoung-Gi 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of transformational leadership on employees' internal (i.e. voice) and external (i.e. megaphoning) communication behaviors and to explore the mediating role of employees' communal and exchange relationship norms with their organization.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted with full-time employees working in various industry sectors in the USA.FindingsTransformational leadership significantly increased employees' voice behaviors and their positive and negative megaphoning behaviors. Communal relationship norms exerted a significant mediation effect on employees' communicative behaviors and exchange relationship norms had positive impacts on employees' megaphoning behaviors.Originality/valueThis study is among the first attempts to test the effect of transformational leadership style on employees' communicative actions within and outside of a company and the mediating role of exchange-communal relationship norms.
The relationship between home bias and globalization – an international comparison
Authors: Riff Sivan , Yagil Yossi 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe authors aim to examine the relationship between home bias and globalization while specifically examining the effects of the different dimensions of globalization (social, economic and political) for both developed countries and developing countries. Additionally, the authors test the effect of globalization regulation and laws against actual globalization activities.Design/methodology/approachThis study investigates the influence of globalization on the home bias phenomenon using a panel regression and a three-dimensional globalization index (social, economic and political globalization) of 42 developed and developing countries from 2001 to 2016.FindingsThe results show that globalization significantly reduces home bias. In addition, the authors find that social globalization has a key influence compared to economic globalization and that political globalization has the weakest effect. For developing economies only, economic globalization as well as globalization laws and regulations have a crucial impact on the level of home bias.Originality/valuePrior studies focus merely on the aspect of financial integration. Our study provides a more comprehensive outlook by distinguishing between the features of globalization (social, economic and political) as well as the actual globalization activities (de facto) compared to the laws and regulations enabling those actives (de jure). Lauterbach and Reisman (2004) show that globalization reduces home bias through a theoretical model. This study provides empirical merit to their work. In addition, we examine the different aspects of globalization for both emerging and developed markets.
The impact of eWOM on consumer brand engagement
Authors: Srivastava Mukta , Sivaramakrishnan Sreeram 
Published: October 2020

PurposeIt is empirically proven that enhanced engagement with a focal medium motivates a consumer to post electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). However, what has not been explored is whether enhanced exposure to eWOM results in greater consumer brand engagement (CBE). While answering this question, this study also assesses the influence of eWOM and CBE on customer loyalty and satisfaction with the brand. The study has been conducted across two products –a search product and an experience product.Design/methodology/approachA model is developed and hypotheses are proposed using the Elaboration Likelihood Model which are then tested using PLS-SEM. Data was collected from 712 respondents across India.FindingsFindings indicate that eWOM significantly and positively affects CBE in both product categories. CBE significantly and positively influences both satisfaction and loyalty. eWOM is not significantly related to loyalty for both search and experience products. It is, however, found to be significantly and positively associated with satisfaction in case of the experience product, while a non-significant relationship was found for the search product.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study uses the survey method and PLS-SEM as the analysis technique which makes it correlational and confirmatory. The study, therefore, makes no firm claims on establishing causality.Originality/valueThe paper presents an original idea that CBE fully mediates the relationship between eWOM and satisfaction. This study attempts to fulfil a critical gap in the existing literature by establishing that eWOM generated by other users/consumers about a brand has a significant impact on CBE irrespective of the type of the product that is search or experience.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the health protection scheme in India
Authors: Rodriguez Raul V. , Sinha Sanjivni , Tripathi Sakshi 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to highlight the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the healthcare industry through the Ayushman Bharat health protection scheme by analyzing various technologies being integrated to improve the customer service and experiences in India. The key focus lies on the understanding of the influence of AI in the healthcare system services, the clinical treatment, and the facilities to progress with accurate and precise health screening in India.Design/methodology/approachA systematic study on the emerging technologies of AI and the applications in the healthcare sector is presented in the form of a viewpoint.FindingsAI certainly enhances experiential services; however, it cannot surpass the human touch which is an essential determinant of experiential healthcare services. AI acts as an effective complementary dimension to the future of healthcare.Originality/valueThis viewpoint discusses the applications and role of AI with the help of relevant examples. It highlights the different technologies being applied and how they will be used in the future focusing upon the Ayushman Bharat health protection scheme in India.
Police officer self-legitimacy: the role of organizational fit
Authors: White David R. , Kyle Michael J. , Schafer Joseph 
Published: October 2020

PurposePolice officer perceptions of their own legitimacy can be important in shaping aspects of their performance and other organizational outcomes. The current study uses person-environment fit theory to assess the effects of value congruence with top managers, immediate supervisors and coworkers on officers' perceptions of self-legitimacy.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a cross-sectional survey of nearly 250 front-line police officers from seven municipal police departments in Michigan, Indiana and Kentucky to examine the effects of perceived value congruence on officers’ self-legitimacy. A hierarchical model of fit is assessed using structural equation modeling.FindingsFindings demonstrate that value congruence positively relates to officers’ reported self-legitimacy, suggesting that officers who perceive greater similarity in values with others in the organization will express more confidence in their authority.Originality/valueOur findings add to research on police officers’ self-legitimacy, and the use of a hierarchical model of person-environment fit might offer implications for future research on police culture.
Negative trait‐based association between abundance of nitrogen‐fixing trees and long‐term tropical forest biomass accumulation
Authors: Currey Bryce , Oatham Michael P. , Brookshire E. N. Jack 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Plant functional traits are thought to drive biomass production and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests, but it remains unclear how nitrogen (N)‐fixing legumes influence the functional traits of neighbouring trees and forest‐wide biomass dynamics. Further, the degree to which effects of N‐fixers are density‐dependent and may depend on stem size and spatial scale remains largely unknown.

Here, we examine 30 years of stem demography data for ~20,000 trees in a lowland tropical forest in Trinidad that span a wide range of functional traits thought to drive above‐ground biomass (AGB) dynamics.

These forests show positive but decreasing long‐term net AGB accumulation resulting from constant average productivity but increasing mortality of non‐fixing trees over time. We find that high abundance of N‐fixing trees is associated with compositional shifts in non‐fixer functional traits that confer lower competitive performance and biomass accumulation. Across tree size classes, most interactions between N‐fixers and non‐fixers were negative, density‐dependent, and strongest at smaller spatial scales.

Synthesis. Overall, our findings suggest that local trait‐based interactions between N‐fixing and non‐fixing trees can influence long‐term carbon accumulation in tropical forests.
The genome of Draba nivalis shows signatures of adaptation to the extreme environmental stresses of the Arctic
Authors: Nowak Michael D. , Birkeland Siri , Mandáková Terezie , Roy Choudhury Rimjhim , Guo Xinyi , Gustafsson Anna Lovisa S. , Gizaw Abel , Schrøder‐Nielsen Audun , Fracassetti Marco , Brysting Anne K. , Rieseberg Loren , Slotte Tanja , Parisod Christian , Lysak Martin A. , Brochmann Christian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Arctic is one of the most extreme terrestrial environments on the planet. Here, we present the first chromosome‐scale genome assembly of a plant adapted to the high Arctic, Draba nivalis (Brassicaceae), an attractive model species for studying plant adaptation to the stresses imposed by this harsh environment. We used an iterative scaffolding strategy with data from short‐reads, single‐molecule long reads, proximity ligation data, and a genetic map to produce a 302 Mb assembly that is highly contiguous with 91.6% assembled into eight chromosomes (the base chromosome number). To identify candidate genes and gene families that may have facilitated adaptation to Arctic environmental stresses, we performed comparative genomic analyses with nine non‐Arctic Brassicaceae species. We show that the D. nivalis genome contains expanded suites of genes associated with drought and cold stress (e.g., related to the maintenance of oxidation‐reduction homeostasis, meiosis, and signaling pathways). The expansions of gene families associated with these functions appear to be driven in part by the activity of transposable elements. Tests of positive selection identify suites of candidate genes associated with meiosis and photoperiodism, as well as cold, drought, and oxidative stress responses. Our results reveal a multifaceted landscape of stress adaptation in the D. nivalis genome, offering avenues for the continued development of this species as an Arctic model plant.
The Political Economy of Displacement: Rent Seeking, Dispossessions and Precarious Mobility in Somali Cities
Authors: Bakonyi Jutta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDisplacement is urbanizing. Urban violence increasingly contributes to displacement while a growing number of displaced people across the globe seeks refuge in cities. This article builds on original research in four Somali cities to explore the link between violence, displacement and urbanization. It identifies and comparatively explores three types of urban settlements of displaced people: urban camps at cities’ outskirts, inner‐city squatter settlements, and relocation areas. The focus of the analysis is on the political economy that underpins the establishment, maintenance and, at times, destruction of these settlements. The article shows that settlements of displaced people are embedded in varied practices of rent seeking which contribute to the commercialization of land and housing and lead to further land speculations. Urban reconstruction accelerates rent seeking and goes hand in hand with (mass‐scale) evictions of displaced people. The article also shows how land ownership is mobilized to retain political rights and citizenship. The findings outline the multiple ways urban land relations are intertwined with practices of sovereignty and citizenship, and attest to observations of a globally expanding rent economy. They also underscore the arbitrariness and violence imbricated in property relations.
Efficacy and safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as first‐line treatment for extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Li Shuang , Cheng Ying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy has afforded new treatment options for extensive small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC). However, reports on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy on survival in ES‐SCLC patients are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis on the efficacy and safety of ICI combined with chemotherapy for ES‐SCLC.MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled clinical trials related to first‐line treatment of ES‐SCLC with ICI combined with chemotherapy in PUBMED, ESMO, ASCO, and WCLC since 2018. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS).ResultsFour studies were included. Compared to chemotherapy alone, ICI in combination with chemotherapy as first‐line treatment reduced the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68–0.86; P < 0.00001) and disease progression (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68–0.84; P < 0.00001). The objective response rate (ORR) with ICI plus chemotherapy was significantly higher than that with chemotherapy alone (HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02–1.19, P = 0.01). The duration of response (DoR) rate at one year was also better with ICI plus chemotherapy (HR: 3.46; 95% CI: 2.24–5.33; P < 0.00001). Security analysis revealed that the incidence of immune‐mediated adverse events (imAEs) (HR: 3.77; 95% CI: 1.99–7.15, P < 0.0001) and grade 3/4 imAEs (HR: 7.01; 95% CI: 2.48–19.81; P = 0.0002) increased significantly with ICI plus chemotherapy.ConclusionsICI combined with chemotherapy as first‐line treatment can significantly improve the OS and progression‐free survival (PFS) of ES‐SCLC patients, but the toxicity caused by immunotherapy should be carefully considered.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyOur meta‐analysis shows that PD‐L1/PD‐1 plus chemotherapy can significantly improve the OS and PFS of ES‐SCLC patients when used as first‐line therapy.What this study addsThis study fills gaps regarding the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as first‐line treatment for ES‐SCLC, and provides better evidence for the use of PD‐L1/PD‐1 immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for patients with ES‐SCLC.
Individual and Contextual Factors Associated With Hazardous Drinking in Spain: Evidence From a National Population‐Based Study
Authors: Galán Iñaki , Simón Lorena , Rodríguez‐Blázquez Carmen , Ortiz Cristina , López‐Cuadrado Teresa , Merlo Juan 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundHeavy drinking (HD) and binge drinking (BD) exhibit marked differences in their relationships with contextual‐level factors imbedded in geographical areas of residence. The objective is to identify sociodemographic factors, both at the individual and at the contextual level, associated with these 2 main hazardous consumption patterns.MethodsCross‐sectional study using data from the 2011 to 2012 National Health Survey in Spain. The sample included 21,007 individuals ≥15 years of age. HD was defined as an alcohol intake of ≥40 g/d in men and ≥24 g/d in women. BD was defined as the consumption in the previous month of ≥6 alcoholic drinks (men) or ≥5 drinks (women) within 4 to 6 hours. Individual‐level variables included sociodemographic factors, urban/rural residence, smoking, and perceived social support. Contextual‐level variables covered percentage of population with no schooling, unemployment rate, and hospitality industry‐related economic activity, all at the census tract level. We analyzed data using multilevel logistic regression and calculated areas under the curve (AUC).ResultsBeing male, smoking, high‐income, and low perceived social support were associated with both hazardous drinking patterns. Younger individuals were at higher risk for BD but at lower risk for HD. BD was more common among rural than urban dwellers (odds ratios [OR] = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.72), whereas HD was less likely in participants residing in areas with high unemployment rates (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.93). HD was more likely in census tracts with higher levels of hospitality industry activity (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.20 to 2.54). The AUC increased substantially for both HD and BD when the census tract variable was entered in the respective models (reaching 89.5 and 93.3%, respectively).ConclusionsExcept for age, both drinking patterns have similar associations with individual‐level variables but disparate links to contextual‐level indicators. In both cases, accounting for area of residence substantially increased the ability to discriminate between high‐risk drinkers from nonhazardous alcohol consumers.
Emergence of wasp dope in rural Appalachian Kentucky
Authors: Young April M. , Livingston Melvin , Vickers‐Smith Rachel , Cooper Hannah L. F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsRecent reports have highlighted the emergence of ‘wasp dope’ as an issue of concern, but epidemiological evidence is lacking. Wasp dope is a crystalline substance created by electrifying pyrethroid‐containing insecticides (e.g. wasp sprays) that may give users a methamphetamine‐like ‘rush’. This paper describes wasp dope use and correlates of use in a sample of people who use drugs (PWUD) in Appalachian Kentucky, a region that has been an epicenter of opioid use and related harms in the United States.MethodsRespondent‐driven sampling and targeted street outreach were used to recruit PWUD. Eligibility criteria included being aged at least 18 years, residing in one of five Appalachian Kentucky counties, and having either used opioids or injected any drug to get high in the prior 30 days. Interviewer‐administered surveys queried participants’ (n = 278) recent (past 6 months) wasp dope use, other substance use and demographic characteristics. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using generalized estimating equations assuming a Poisson outcome distribution in a cross‐sectional analysis.ResultsRecent wasp dope use was reported by 16.1% of participants. Men and people who recently experienced homelessness and transportation difficulties were twice or more as likely to have used wasp dope compared with their counterparts [PR = 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11, 3.87, PR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.64, 4.72 and PR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.06–3.81, respectively]. While wasp dope use was associated with injection drug use and using opioids and other substances to get high in unadjusted analyses, the factor most strongly associated with wasp dope use was methamphetamine use (PR = 17.23, 95% CI = 2.57, 115.61), specifically methamphetamine injection (PR = 4.47, 95% CI = 1.56, 12.78).ConclusionsAmong people who use drugs in rural Kentucky, USA, more than one in six people surveyed reported using wasp dope in the past 6 months, nearing the percentage using cocaine/crack (20%) and fentanyl/carfentanil (25%). Wasp dope use was higher among men and strongly associated with homelessness, transportation access, methamphetamine use and injection drug use.