bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron holography for vortex beams
Authors: Harada Ken , Shimada Keiko , Ono Yoshimasa A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A combined technology of vortex beam technique and electron holography has been developed. A range about 10 times the diameter of the grating opening was irradiated and two-wave interference between a Bragg diffraction wave as a vortex beam and a transmitted wave from and around a fork-shaped grating was recorded as a hologram. Reconstruction by using the Fourier transform method was simultaneously performed for amplitude and phase distributions. Furthermore, by using a wave aberration function, the amplitude and phase distributions at various propagation positions were reconstructed numerically, resulting in the confirmation of vortex beam twists.
PENGGUNAAN BERBAGAI KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH VARIETAS BIMA (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Upe Ambo 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan berbagai komposisi media dan konsentrasi pupuk organik hayati (POH) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah varietas Bima. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam bentuk rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan pola factorial dua factor. Faktor pertama komposisi media terdiri dari media 1;1;1 (tanah, sekam padi, dan kotoran sapi), media 1;2;1 (tanah, sekam padi dan kotoran sapi) dan media 1;1;2 (tanah, sekam padi dan kotoran sapi). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi POH terdiri dari Tanpa POH, POH 10 ml/liter air, dan POH 30 ml/liter air. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa: Perlakuan berbagai komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah terbaik pada perlakuan media 1;1;2 (tanah, sekam padi dan kotoran sapi). dengan rata-rata bobot 145,67 gram/tanaman dan perlakuan berbagai konsentrasi POH terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah terbaik pada perlakuan POH 10 ml/liter air dengan rata-rata bobot 113,00 gram/tanaman. Sedangkan interaksi antara komposisi media tanam dengan konsentrasi POH terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah terbaik pada perlakuan media 1;1;2 (tanah, sekam padi dan kotoran sapi) dengan Tanpa POH, dengan rata-rata bobot 153,33 gram/tanaman
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MADRASAH
Authors: Iskandar Wahyu 
Published: January 2020

Madrasah memiliki peran strategis dalam pembangunan bangsa. Saat ini
pendidikan madrasah masih dianggap pendidikan “kelas dua”. Hal ini terjadi karena penyelenggaraan madrasah masih menghadapi sejumlah masalah besar mulai seperti persoalan pengelolaan dan rendahnya mutu pendidikan madrasah. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberi gambaran tentang kiprah madrasah dalam sistem pendidikan di Indonesia, permasalahan madrasah, peluang, dan tantangan madrasah. Madrasah telah menjadi bagian dari sistem pendidikan nasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber buku dan jurnal, kemudian melakukan analisis deskriptif data yang dipaparkan secara detil. Berbagai persoalan dihadapi madrasah antara lain pengelolaan pendidikan, kesenjangan antara negeri dan swasta, mutu madrasah, sampai kepada peluang dan tantangan tersendiri bagi madrasah di Indonesia pada saat ini.
Сакральная сеть Черноморского побережья Кавказа. К вопросу о значении археологических и дендрологических памятников
Authors: Kizilov A.S. 
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена проблеме недостаточной изученности дендрологических памятников Черноморского побережья Кавказа в их историческом и археологическом контексте. Исследование проведено в рамках полевых научно-исследовательских работ по изучению взаимосвязи истории и современности. В результате анализа новых научных данных определена важность археологических и дендрологических памятников в различных аспектах историко-культурного наследия. Выявлена значимость изучаемых объектов для укрепления межэтнических, межкультурных и межконфессиональных коммуникаций этнических групп сочинской агломерации и региона в целом.An important but insufficiently studied direction in the field of significant historical and archaeological monuments is dendrological monuments of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, which, in essence, form a sacred network. Sacred groves and individual trees, despite the urbanisation of the territories, are still preserved and continue to attract great attention of the population. The issue of sacred groves and individual trees has been repeatedly considered in various research articles, but the novelty of this study is that the objects under consideration are monuments in which the connection of material historical and archaeological sites and trees is obvious. The sacred groves and trees described by the first European travellers on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus are currently partially preserved. Unfortunately, the oak grove in Sochi on Mount Batareika is lost, which has been not only described, but also captured in sketches. The grove was a symbiosis of pagan and Christian beliefs since iron crosses revered by the highlanders hung on the branches of the trees. Presumably, these crosses are preserved from the Christian temple destroyed by time. In Sochi, on the sacred mountain of Bytkha near the Ubykhs, there is a patriarch linden. Ethnographic research scientifically confirms the worship of Bytkha. Archaeological evidence also shows this. The linden is located in the medieval settlement. De facto, at the moment, the location of the linden is a veneration of various ethnic groups. The situation in the Golovinka village is extremely interesting. There, on the right bank of the Shakh River, grows a giant tulip tree. Its height is more than 32 meters, and the trunk diameter at a height of 1.3 m from the ground is 2.88 meters. Despite conflicting studies, it should be noted that they all, despite disagreements, achieve and pursue the same goals: the preservation of historical and cultural heritage. By the example of the facts listed in the article, it becomes obvious that the monuments of the dendrological and at the same time historical and cultural heritage that have passed through the centuries have a pronounced sacred meaning. Despite the migration processes in the region and the changes in the ethnic composition of the population, these unique objects continue to remain relevant in strengthening intercultural, interethnic, and even interfaith communications.
К постановке вопроса о мистическом опыте и творческом методе Е. И. Рерих и допустимости использования психиатрии в культурологических исследованиях
Authors: Rybak K.E. , Izbachkov Yu.S. 
Published: January 2020

Авторы полемизируют со своими оппонентами (В.Д.Менделевичем и доктором И.М.Зислиным), обращая внимание на дискуссионный характер использования терминологии, присущей различным направлениям научного знания. Указывается, что авторы в вышедших ранее статьях предпринимали попытки анализа опубликованных архивных документов, относящихся к деятельности Е. И. Рерих, и давали характеристику общественной реакции на публикацию этих документов. Отмечено, что статья, ставшая предметом настоящей дискуссии, в целом была посвящена выяснению факта существования Наталии и Ивана Рокотовых, а не оценкам состояния здоровья Е. И. Рерих, дававшимся в вероятностной форме. Авторы отмечают, что опубликованные записи позволяют выяснить, благодаря чему формировался мистический опыт Е. И. Рерих, при этом особую важность имеет сопоставление текстов контактера как с его личностными характеристиками (уровнем образования, кругом интересов), так и с тем, в каком состоянии находились философская и научная мысль в период получения им учения. Приводится фрагмент автобиографии А.Ф.Яловенко, который наблюдал Е.И.Рерих и отмечал у нее наличие так называемой эпилептической ауры .The authors argue with their opponents (Prof. Vladimir Mendelevich and Dr. Joseph Zislin), paying attention to the debatable nature of the use of terminology inherent in various areas of scientific knowledge. In their earlier articles, the authors attempted to analyze published archival documents related to the activities of Helena Ivanovna Roerich and characterized the public reaction to the publication of these documents. The article that became the subject of this discussion generally aimed to clarify the fact of Natalia and Ivan Rokotovs existence rather than to assess the state of Helena Roerichs health, which was given in probabilistic form. The authors note that the published documents make it possible to clarify what formed Helena Roerichs mystical experience. The comparison of the texts of the contactee with both her personal characteristics (level of education, circle of interests) and the state of the philosophical and scientific thought at the time she received the teaching is of great importance. A fragment of the autobiography of A.F.Yalovenko, who observed Helena Roerich and noticed the presence of the so-called epileptic aura in her, is given.
Intervención educativa en cuidadores para prevenir úlceras por presión en adultos con inmovilidad prolongada
Authors: Morales Castillejos Lizbeth , Austria Pelcaste Sandy Trinidad , Quevedo Rojas Dulce María , Hernández Ramírez Mileydi , Galicia Aguilar Rosa María , Landeros Olvera Erick 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El conocimiento de los cuidadores acerca de la prevención de úlceras por presión en pacientes con inmovilidad es útil para evitar la aparición de lesiones, mediante la planificación, implementación y evaluación de un programa educativo en el domicilio. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia de la intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos en la prevención de úlceras por presión en los cuidadores primarios de pacientes con inmovilidad prolongada. Metodología: diseño cuasi-experimental, muestreo aleatorio simple, se consideró al grupo de intervención como su propio control bajo un tratamiento estadístico test, re-test, con intervención simple ciego a 15 cuidadores de pacientes adultos, hospitalizados con indicación de alta y con riesgo de padecer úlceras por presión. La intervención se implementó en tres fases en cuatro sesiones, que se impartieron como taller, con una duración de treinta minutos. El análisis de los datos fue descriptivo, para comparar el test y re-test, se aplicó una t de Student. Se consideraron aspectos éticos para un estudio de bajo riesgo. Resultados: En la fase diagnóstica el 80% de los cuidadores no tenían conocimientos, en el re-test en el 100% los incrementó, con efecto positivo y significativo (p=.000). Conclusión. El resultado obtenido muestra eficacia estadísticamente significativa de las cuatro sesiones que conformaron el programa educativo para aumentar el nivel de conocimiento de los cuidadores para la prevención de úlceras por presión.
The Psychoanalytic Analysis of Low Self-Esteem on the Movie The Ron Clark Story
Authors: Widiastiti Wuri , Kurnia Dian Maya , Lailiyah Sufil 
Published: January 2020

Low self-esteem is unworthy feeling because of less attention, love, affection and trust. The impact of low self-esteem could make negative feeling. It is not only to their own life, but also to their surrounding society. Low self-esteem can also be triggered by mistakes that came from parents, family, society and also teacher. The worst effect of low self-esteem in adolescence is on their academic score. They will get bad score because they do not have self confidence to do the assignment or try new experiences. This research purposed to find the low self-esteem, the factor of low self-esteem and the problem solving which is found in the action, gesture and utterance of main characters in the movie The Ron Clark Story. This research used descriptive qualitative research, because the researcher described the data that portray of low self-esteem. The researcher analyzed the data by using psychoanalytic analysis approach from Sigmund Freud. The data was analyzed by describing the low self-esteem in the movie The Ron Clark Story based on Tyson’s theory and the problem solving from Lachmann and Ron Clark’s theory. The researcher found 40 data of low self-esteem that showed in the movie The Ron Clark Story. The dominant factor was the academic challenges without caregiver’s support. The problem solving based on the movie The Ron Clark Story were classified into eight components. The most important component was implementing the class’s rules, followed by giving an appreciation, attention, care, trust, motivation, and help when they get difficulties, making innovation teaching method (especially for the teacher). Cooperation between parents and teachers are very important for the growth of the self-esteem and worthy to get the best potential of children’s life.
PERBANDINGAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PT LIPPO CIKARANG, Tbk DAN PT BUKIT DARMO PROPERTY, TbkDENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ZMIJEWSKI
Authors: Yanti Mita Dwi , Inrawan Ady , Putri Debi Eka , Putri Juan Anastasia 
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitan mengetahui gambaran financial distress dan faktor apa yang menyebabkan perbedaan financial distress pada PT Lippo Cikarang, Tbk dan PT Bukit Darmo Property, Tbk dengan menggunakan metode Zmijewski. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif, analisis komparatif, dan analisis induktif. Objek pada pada PT Lippo Cikarang, Tbk dan PT Bukit Darmo Property, Tbk. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1. Financial distress PT Lippo Cikarang, Tbk bernilai negatif dan jauh dari kebangkrutan sedangkan PT Bukit Darmo Property, Tbk bernilai negatif dan mendekati nilai positif yang berarti mendekati kebangkrutan. 2. Faktor yang menyebabkan perbedaan financial distress pada perusahaan adalah laba bersih yang menurun, total utang yang menurun, dan aset lancar yang meningkat menyebabkan tingkat kesehatan keuangan perusahaan.Kata Kunci: Financial Distress, Zmijewski
PENGARUH RISIKO BISNIS TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PABRIK KERTAS PT. TJIWI KIMIA TBK PERIODE 2013 - 2018
Authors: Munandar Aris 
Published: January 2020

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of Business Risk Towards Capital Structure in Paper Factory Companies PT. Tjiwi Kimia Tbk years 2013 - 2018. The population in this study for 10 (ten) years, starting from the year 2009 -2018. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and the number of samples obtained for 6 years (2013-2018). The data used are secondary data sourced from the financial statements of PT.Tjiwi Kimia Tbk Paper Factory which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data analysis technique used in this study is simple linear regression, correlation simple, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing using t-statistical tests to determine the effect partially between business risk to the structure capital with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the business risk variable influenced the capital structure. Then the simple correlation value of 0.854 which indicates that the closeness of the relationship between business risk and capital structure at the Paper Factory of PT. Tjiwi Kimia Tbk is very strong. And the value of the coefficient of determination is 0.730, which shows that the contribution of the influence of business risk variables on capital structure at the Paper Factory of PT. Tjiwi Kimia Tbk is 73.0%, and the remaining 27.0% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.Keywords: Business Risk, Capital Structure.
Detection of Diatomic Carbon in 2I/Borisov
Authors: Lin 林省 Hsing Wen 文 , Lee 李見 Chien-Hsiu 修 , Gerdes D. W. , Adams Fred C. , Becker Juliette , Napier Kevin , Markwardt Larissa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
2I/Borisov is the first-ever observed interstellar comet (and the second detected interstellar object (ISO)). It was discovered on 2019 August 30 and has a heliocentric orbital eccentricity of ∼3.35, corresponding to a hyperbolic orbit that is unbound to the Sun. Given that it is an ISO, it is of interest to compare its properties—such as composition and activity—with the comets in our solar system. This study reports low-resolution optical spectra of 2I/Borisov. The spectra were obtained by the MDM Observatory Hiltner 2.4 m telescope/Ohio State Multi-Object Spectrograph (on 2019 October 31.5 and November 4.5, UT). The wavelength coverage spanned from 3700 to 9200 Å. The dust continuum reflectance spectra of 2I/Borisov show that the spectral slope is steeper in the blue end of the spectrum (compared to the red). The spectra of 2I/Borisov clearly show CN emission at 3880 Å, as well as C2 emission at both 4750 and 5150 Å. Using a Haser model to covert the observed fluxes into estimates for the molecular production rates, we find Q(CN) = 2.4 ± 0.2 × 1024 s−1, and Q(C2) = (5.5 ± 0.4) × 1023 s−1 at the heliocentric distance of 2.145 au. Our Q(CN) estimate is consistent with contemporaneous observations, and the Q(C2) estimate is generally below the upper limits of previous studies. We derived the ratio Q(C2)/Q(CN) = 0.2 ± 0.1, which indicates that 2I/Borisov is depleted in carbon-chain species, but is not empty. This feature is not rare for the comets in our solar system, especially in the class of Jupiter-family comets.
AtChem (version 1), an open-source box model for the Master Chemical Mechanism
Authors: Sommariva Roberto , Cox Sam , Martin Chris , Borońska Kasia , Young Jenny , Jimack Peter K. , Pilling Michael J. , Matthaios Vasileios N. , Nelson Beth S. , Newland Mike J. , Panagi Marios , Bloss William J. , Monks Paul S. , Rickard Andrew R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. AtChem is an open-source zero-dimensional box model for atmospheric
chemistry. Any general set of chemical reactions can be used with
AtChem, but the model was designed specifically for use with the
Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM, http://mcm.york.ac.uk/, last access: 16 January 2020).
AtChem was initially developed within the EUROCHAMP project as a web
application (AtChem-online, https://atchem.leeds.ac.uk/webapp/, last access: 16 January 2020)
for modelling environmental chamber experiments; it was recently
upgraded and further developed into a stand-alone offline version
(AtChem2), which allows the user to run complex and long
simulations, such as those needed for modelling of intensive field
campaigns, as well as to perform batch model runs for sensitivity
studies. AtChem is installed, set up and configured using
semi-automated scripts and simple text configuration files, making
it easy to use even for inexperienced users. A key feature of
AtChem is that it can easily be constrained to observational data
which may have different timescales, thus retaining all the
information contained in the observations. Implementation of a
continuous integration workflow, coupled with a comprehensive suite
of tests and version control software, makes the AtChem code base
robust, reliable and traceable. The AtChem2 code and documentation
are available at https://github.com/AtChem/ (last access: 16 January 2020) under the open-source MIT License.
Interannual variability of summer surface mass balance and surface melting in the Amundsen sector, West Antarctica
Authors: Donat-Magnin Marion , Jourdain Nicolas C. , Gallée Hubert , Amory Charles , Kittel Christoph , Fettweis Xavier , Wille Jonathan D. , Favier Vincent , Drira Amine , Agosta Cécile 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Understanding the interannual variability of surface mass balance (SMB) and surface melting in Antarctica is key to quantify the signal-to-noise ratio in climate trends, identify opportunities for multi-year climate predictions and assess the ability of climate models to respond to climate variability. Here we simulate summer SMB and surface melting from 1979 to 2017 using the Regional Atmosphere Model (MAR) at 10 km resolution over the drainage basins of the Amundsen Sea glaciers in West Antarctica. Our simulations reproduce the mean present-day climate in terms of near-surface temperature (mean overestimation of 0.10 ∘C), near-surface wind speed (mean underestimation of 0.42 m s−1), and SMB (relative bias <20 % over Thwaites glacier). The simulated interannual variability of SMB and melting is also close to observation-based estimates. For all the Amundsen glacial drainage basins, the interannual variability of summer SMB and surface melting is driven by two distinct mechanisms: high summer SMB tends to occur when the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) is shifted southward and westward, while high summer melt rates tend to occur when ASL is shallower (i.e. anticyclonic anomaly). Both mechanisms create a northerly flow anomaly that increases moisture convergence and cloud cover over the Amundsen Sea and therefore favors snowfall and downward longwave radiation over the ice sheet. The part of interannual summer SMB variance explained by the ASL longitudinal migrations increases westward and reaches 40 % for Getz. Interannual variation in the ASL relative central pressure is the largest driver of melt rate variability, with 11 % to 21 % of explained variance (increasing westward). While high summer SMB and melt rates are both favored by positive phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) only explains 5 % to 16 % of SMB or melt rate interannual variance in our simulations, with moderate statistical significance. However, the part explained by SOI in the previous austral winter is greater, suggesting that at least a part of the ENSO–SMB and ENSO–melt relationships in summer is inherited from the previous austral winter. Possible mechanisms involve sea ice advection from the Ross Sea and intrusions of circumpolar deep water combined with melt-induced ocean overturning circulation in ice shelf cavities. Finally, we do not find any correlation with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) in summer.
“Oh yes. The hat”: Hats at Work in Conrad
Authors: Warodell Johan Adam 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article explores a set of marginal characters of topmost importance: hats. The study of hats may, of course, appear to smack of esoteric trivia. I argue that such a commonsensical assumption is at odds with Joseph Conrad's fictional hats: their variety, number, and position in the texts. From the bowler to the Bersagliere, there are more than twenty-five types of hats in his fiction. Conrad shows us not just what hats do but also how to do things with hats. He leaves us with the idea that while we may think that we wear hats, hats are clothed in meaning and may even wear us; there is no clear boundary between object and person; an everyday material object can be a key to understanding a complex individual and vice versa. Finally, the hats are not just a crowning achievement of the literary enterprise; they are symptomatic of Conrad's radical and persistent focus on details.
Speaking Without Words: Luhrmann's Adaptation of Romeo and Juliet
Authors: Pizano Arturo Leyva 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In an assessment of Baz Luhrmann's 1996 film, William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet, this article takes up the question of what makes a film adaptation of Shakespeare successful. The film has been criticized for its divergence from the letter of Shakespeare's text and its apparent lack of adherence to the structure of the play. However, I argue that these alterations enable Luhrmann to transfer the key themes of Romeo and Juliet into a uniquely cinematic form. Drawing on Richard Fry's interpretation of the Shakespearean text, I focus on the play's theme of the inevitable inadequacy of language to convey emotion and meaning. By deconstructing the play's text and employing cinematic conventions, Luhrmann offers the viewer a visual experience of emotions that were initially meant to be represented verbally on the stage. Transferring the language of Shakespeare's play into the visual and thereby offering the viewer a genuinely human approach to the emotions conveyed within the play seems to imply the inadequacy of language. This technique creates a stark contrast with the spoken language that remains in the film. By that, Luhrmann seems to underscore Shakespeare's point about the inadequacy of language and enables viewers to experience the Shakespearean verse anew.