bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (BDBS) II: project performance, data analysis, and early science results
Authors: Johnson Christian I , Rich Robert Michael , Young Michael D , Simion Iulia T , Clarkson William I , Pilachowski Catherine A , Michael Scott , Kunder Andrea , Koch Andreas , Vivas Anna Katherina 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (BDBS) imaged more than 200 sq deg of the Southern Galactic bulge using the ugrizY filters of the Dark Energy Camera, and produced point spread function photometry of approximately 250 million unique sources. In this paper, we present details regarding the construction and collation of survey catalogues, and also discuss the adopted calibration and dereddening procedures. Early science results are presented with a particular emphasis on the bulge metallicity distribution function and globular clusters. A key result is the strong correlation (σ ∼ 0.2 dex) between (u − i)o and [Fe/H] for bulge red clump giants. We utilized this relation to find that interior bulge fields may be well described by simple closed box enrichment models, but fields exterior to b ∼ −6° seem to require a secondary metal-poor component. Applying scaled versions of the closed box model to the outer bulge fields is shown to significantly reduce the strengths of any additional metal-poor components when compared to Gaussian mixture models. Additional results include: a confirmation that the u band splits the subgiant branch in M22 as a function of metallicity, the detection of possible extratidal stars along the orbits of M 22 and FSR 1758, and additional evidence that NGC 6569 may have a small but discrete He spread, as evidenced by red clump luminosity variations in the reddest bands. We do not confirm previous claims that FSR 1758 is part of a larger extended structure.
Interferential seeing monitor, a seeing monitor for atmospheric turbulence studies: calibration with the differential image motion monitor
Authors: Sabil Mohammed , Habib A , Benkhaldoun Z 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
In this work, we aim to calibrate an interferential seeing monitor (ISM), which is a testing instument used at astronomical sites. Its method is based on the study of the diffraction pattern produced by a Young’s double-slit at the focus plane of a telescope. This method allows us to obtain the wave structure function by taking into account both phase and amplitude fluctuations of the light wavefront. A phase seeing εϕ was assigned to phase fluctuations and an amplitude seeing εχ was assigned to amplitude fluctuations (scintillation phenomenon), which allows us to obtain both phase and amplitude fluctuations. The feasibility of the ISM method was demonstrated by numerical simulations presented in a previous work. In this work, we have conducted a cross-calibration campaign of the ISM with a differential image motion monitor (DIMM) over 16 nights at the Oukaimeden and Atlas Golf Marrakech Observatories. The goal of this campaign was to study the reliability of this new method. In this paper, we present the calibration measurements and a comparison between the seeing measured by the ISM (εϕ, εχ) and that obtained by the DIMM (εdimm). These results show good agreement between the phase- eeing εϕ and εdimm.
Elucidating the global distribution of reprocessing gas in NGC 1194
Authors: Turner T J , Reeves J N , Braito V , Yaqoob T , Kraemer S B , Severgnini P 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
A joint XMM–Newton and NuSTAR observation was conducted for the bright, local Seyfert 1.9 galaxy, NGC 1194. The hard spectral form of this active galactic nucleus (AGN) was modelled using the toroidal reprocessor mytorus. The decoupled model form provides a good description of the spectrum, with reflection arising from gas with a global average column density &gt;4 × 1024 cm−2 and transmission of the continuum through an order-of-magnitude lower column. In this model, the reflection strength is a factor of ∼3 higher than expected from a simple torus. Such a result may indicate that much of the intrinsic X-ray continuum is hidden from view. An alternative model is that of a patchy torus, where 85 per cent of sightlines are obscured by Compton-thick gas and the remaining 15 per cent by Compton-thin gas. The patchy torus model is based on a solar abundance of Fe and is consistent with X-ray partial-covering results found in other AGN. That a patchy torus model would relieve the issue with the strength of the reflection signature is not an intuitive result: such an insight regarding the geometry of the global reprocessing gas could not have been obtained using ad hoc model components to describe the spectral form.
Further milliarcsecond resolution results on cool giants and binary stars from lunar occultations at Devashtal
Authors: Richichi A , Sharma S , Sinha T , Pandey R , Ghosh A , Ojha D K , Pandey A K , Naik M B 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We report on 26 lunar occultation events observed in the context of a programme started at Devasthal in 2017. In addition to the customary observations with the 1.3-m telescope, we report here also the first attempts performed with the TIRCAM2 camera at the 3.6-m Devasthal Optical Telescope in the near-infrared (near-IR). The results consist in the first-time angular diameters for two late-type giants, in a measurement of the well-known asymptotic giant branch pulsating variable SW Vir, and in the measurement of eight small separation binaries one of which is detected for the first time (HR 1860). We also measured the wider binaries SAO 94431 and 55 Tau (twice). The remaining sources were found to be unresolved with upper limits as small as 1 mas. We plan to develop further the high-speed capability of the TIRCAM2 instrument, so as to include in our programme also more near-IR, highly extincted sources.
Li-rich giant stars under scrutiny: binarity, magnetic activity, and the evolutionary status after Gaia DR2
Authors: Gonçalves B F O , da Costa J S , de Almeida L , Castro M , do Nascimento J-D 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a study of the evolutionary state of a few lithium-rich giant stars based on the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) parallaxes and photometry. We also investigate the chromospheric activity, the presence of a surface magnetic field, and the radial velocity for our sample stars. We analysed both archive and new data. We gathered archive spectra from several instruments, mainly ELODIE and NARVAL, and we added new data acquired with the spectrograph MUSICOS. We applied the least-squares deconvolution technique to obtain Stokes V and I mean profiles to compute longitudinal magnetic field for a subset. Moreover, for the same subset, we analysed the Ca ii H&K emission lines to calculate the S-index. We also derived atmospheric parameters and Li abundances for all 18 stars of our sample. We found that stars previously classified as red giant branch (RGB) may actually be at a different evolutionary state. Furthermore, we identified that most stars in our sample with detection of surface magnetic field show at least moderate rotation velocities, but none the less, we could not detect a magnetic field in two fast rotators. Because of our small sample of magnetic giants, it is difficult to determine if the presence of surface magnetic field and the Li-rich giant phenomena could be somehow linked. The large variation of the radial velocity of part of our sample indicates that some of them might have a binary companion, which may change the way we look at the Li problem in giant stars.
The star formation properties of the observed and simulated AGN Universe: BAT versus EAGLE
Authors: Jackson Thomas M , Rosario D J , Alexander D M , Scholtz J , McAlpine Stuart , Bower R G 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we present data from 72 low-redshift, hard X-ray selected active galactic nucleus (AGN) taken from the Swift–BAT 58 month catalogue. We utilize spectral energy distribution fitting to the optical to infrared photometry in order to estimate host galaxy properties. We compare this observational sample to a volume- and flux-matched sample of AGN from the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE) hydrodynamical simulations in order to verify how accurately the simulations can reproduce observed AGN host galaxy properties. After correcting for the known +0.2 dex offset in the SFRs between EAGLE and previous observations, we find agreement in the star formation rate (SFR) and X-ray luminosity distributions; however, we find that the stellar masses in EAGLE are 0.2–0.4 dex greater than the observational sample, which consequently leads to lower specific star formation rates (sSFRs). We compare these results to our previous study at high redshift, finding agreement in both the observations and simulations, whereby the widths of sSFR distributions are similar (∼0.4–0.6 dex) and the median of the SFR distributions lie below the star-forming main sequence by ∼0.3–0.5 dex across all samples. We also use EAGLE to select a sample of AGN host galaxies at high and low redshift and follow their characteristic evolution from z = 8 to z = 0. We find similar behaviour between these two samples, whereby star formation is quenched when the black hole goes through its phase of most rapid growth. Utilizing EAGLE we find that 23 per cent of AGN selected at z ∼ 0 are also AGN at high redshift, and that their host galaxies are among the most massive objects in the simulation. Overall, we find EAGLE reproduces the observations well, with some minor inconsistencies (∼0.2 dex in stellar masses and ∼0.4 dex in sSFRs).
The first high-redshift changing-look quasars
Authors: Ross Nicholas P , Graham Matthew J , Calderone Giorgio , Ford K E Saavik , McKernan Barry , Stern Daniel 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We report on three redshift z &gt; 2 quasars with dramatic changes in their C iv emission lines, the first sample of changing-look quasars (CLQs) at high redshift. This is also the first time the changing-look behaviour has been seen in a high-ionization emission line. SDSS J1205+3422, J1638+2827, and J2228 + 2201 show interesting behaviour in their observed optical light curves, and subsequent spectroscopy shows significant changes in the C iv broad emission line, with both line collapse and emergence being displayed on rest-frame time-scales of ∼240–1640 d. These are rapid changes, especially when considering virial black hole mass estimates of MBH &gt; 109M⊙ for all three quasars. Continuum and emission line measurements from the three quasars show changes in the continuum-equivalent width plane with the CLQs seen to be on the edge of the full population distribution, and showing indications of an intrinsic Baldwin effect. We put these observations in context with recent state-change models, and note that even in their observed low-state, the C iv CLQs are generally above ∼5 per cent in Eddington luminosity.
PCAT: an integrated portal for genomic and preclinical testing data of pediatric cancer patient-derived xenograft models
Authors: Yang Juechen , Li Qilin , Noureen Nighat , Fang Yanbing , Kurmasheva Raushan , Houghton Peter J , Wang Xiaojing , Zheng Siyuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality in children, the relative rarity of pediatric cancers poses a significant challenge for developing novel therapeutics to further improve prognosis. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, which are usually developed from high-risk tumors, are a useful platform to study molecular driver events, identify biomarkers and prioritize therapeutic agents. Here, we develop PDX for Childhood Cancer Therapeutics (PCAT), a new integrated portal for pediatric cancer PDX models. Distinct from previously reported PDX portals, PCAT is focused on pediatric cancer models and provides intuitive interfaces for querying and data mining. The current release comprises 324 models and their associated clinical and genomic data, including gene expression, mutation and copy number alteration. Importantly, PCAT curates preclinical testing results for 68 models and 79 therapeutic agents manually collected from individual agent testing studies published since 2008. To facilitate comparisons of patterns between patient tumors and PDX models, PCAT curates clinical and molecular data of patient tumors from the TARGET project. In addition, PCAT provides access to gene fusions identified in nearly 1000 TARGET samples. PCAT was built using R-shiny and MySQL. The portal can be accessed at http://pcat.zhenglab.info or http://www.pedtranscriptome.org.
Remediating Thirdhand Smoke Pollution in Multiunit Housing: Temporary Reductions and the Challenges of Persistent Reservoirs
Authors: Matt Georg E , Quintana Penelope J E , Hoh Eunha , Zakarian Joy M , Dodder Nathan G , Record Rachael A , Hovell Melbourne F , Mahabee-Gittens E Melinda , Padilla Samuel , Markman Laura , Watanabe Kayo , Novotny Thomas E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Toxic tobacco smoke residue, also known as thirdhand smoke (THS), can persist in indoor environments long after tobacco has been smoked. This study examined the effects of different cleaning methods on nicotine in dust and on surfaces.

Aims and Methods
Participants had strict indoor home smoking bans and were randomly assigned to: dry/damp cleaning followed by wet cleaning 1 month later (N = 10), wet cleaning followed by dry/damp cleaning (N = 10) 1 month later, and dry/damp and wet cleaning applied the same day (N = 28). Nicotine on surfaces and in dust served as markers of THS and were measured before, immediately after, and 3 months after the cleaning, using liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).

Results
Over a 4-month period prior to cleaning, surface nicotine levels remained unchanged (GeoMean change: −11% to +8%; repeated measures r = .94; p &lt; .001). Used separately, dry/damp and wet cleaning methods showed limited benefits. When applied in combination, however, we observed significantly reduced nicotine on surfaces and in dust. Compared with baseline, GeoMean surface nicotine was 43% lower immediately after (z = −3.73, p &lt; .001) and 53% lower 3 months later (z = −3.96, p &lt; .001). GeoMean dust nicotine loading declined by 60% immediately after (z = −3.55, p &lt; .001) and then increased 3 months later to precleaning levels (z = −1.18, p = .237).

Conclusions
Cleaning interventions reduced but did not permanently remove nicotine in dust and on surfaces. Cleaning efforts for THS need to address persistent pollutant reservoirs and replenishment of reservoirs from new tobacco smoke intrusion. THS contamination in low-income homes may contribute to health disparities, particularly in children.

Implications
Administered sequentially or simultaneously, the tested cleaning protocols reduced nicotine on surfaces by ~50% immediately after and 3 months after the cleaning. Nicotine dust loading was reduced by ~60% immediately after cleaning, but it then rebounded to precleaning levels 3 months later. Cleaning protocols were unable to completely remove THS, and pollutants in dust were replenished from remaining pollutant reservoirs or new secondhand smoke intrusion. To achieve better outcomes, cleaning protocols should be systematically repeated to remove newly accumulated pollutants. New secondhand smoke intrusions need to be prevented, and remaining THS reservoirs should be identified, cleaned, or removed to prevent pollutants from these reservoirs to accumulate in dust and on surfaces.
Characterization and Validation of the Second-generation wPUM Topography Monitors
Authors: Robinson Risa J , Jayasekera Shehan , DiFrancesco Gary , Hensel Edward C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Little is known about the natural use behavior of new and emerging tobacco products due to the limited availability of reliable puff topography monitors suitable for ambulatory deployment. An understanding of use behavior is needed to assess the health impact of emerging tobacco products and inform realistic standardized topography profiles for emissions studies. The purpose of this study is to validate four monitors: the wPUM cigalike, vapepen, hookah, and cigarette monitors.

Aims and Methods
Each wPUM monitor was characterized and validated for range, accuracy, and resolution for puff flow rate, duration, volume, and interpuff gap in a controlled laboratory environment. Monitor repeatability was assessed for each wPUM monitor using four separate week-long natural environment monitoring studies including cigalike, vapepen, hookah, and cigarette users.

Results
The valid flow rate range was 10 to 100 mL/s for cigalike and cigarette monitors, 10 to 95 mL/s for vapepen monitors, and 50 to 400 mL/s hookah monitors. Flow rate accuracy was within ±2 mL/s for cigalike, vapepen, and cigarette monitors and ±6 mL/s for the hookah monitor. Durations and interpuff gaps as small as 0.2 s were measured to within ±0.07 s. Monitor calibrations changed by 4.7% (vapepen), 1.5% (cigarette), 0.5% (cigalike), and 0.1% (hookah) after 1 week of natural environment use.

Conclusions
The wPUM topography monitors were demonstrated to be reliable when deployed in the natural environment for a range of emerging tobacco products.

Implications
The current study addresses the lack of available techniques to reliably monitor topography in the natural environment, across multiple emerging tobacco products. Natural environment topography data will inform standardized puffing protocols for premarket tobacco product applications. The ability to quantify topography over extended periods of time will lead to a better understanding of use behavior and better-informed regulations to protect public health.
Temperature-dependent egg production and egg hatching rates of small egg-carrying and broadcast-spawning copepods Oithona similis, Microsetella norvegica and Microcalanus pusillus
Authors: Barth-Jensen Coralie , Koski Marja , Varpe Øystein , Glad Peter , Wangensteen Owen S , Præbel Kim , Svensen Camilla 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Reproductive rates of copepods are temperature-dependent, but poorly known for small copepods at low temperatures, hindering the predictions of population dynamics and secondary production in high-latitude ecosystems. We investigated egg hatching rates, hatching success and egg production of the small copepods Oithona similis and Microsetella norvegica (sac spawners) and Microcalanus pusillus (broadcast spawner) between March and August. Incubations were performed at ecologically relevant temperatures between 1.3 and 13.2°C, and egg production rates were calculated. All egg hatching rates were positively correlated to temperature, although with large species-specific differences. At the lowest temperatures, M. pusillus eggs hatched within 4 days, whereas the eggs from sac spawners took 3–8 weeks to hatch. The egg hatching success was ≤25% for M. pusillus, &gt;75% for O. similis and variable for M. norvegica. The maximum weight-specific egg production rate (μg C μg−1 C d−1) of M. pusillus was higher (0.22) than O. similis (0.12) and M. norvegica (0.06). M. norvegica reproduction peaked at 6–8°C, the prevailing in situ temperatures during its reproductive period. The difference in reproductive rates indicates species-specific thermal plasticity for the three copepods, which could have implications for present and future population dynamics of the species in arctic fjords.
Holographic de Sitter spacetime and quantum corrections to the cosmological constant
Authors: Yokoyama Shuichi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A dynamical aspect of quantum gravity on de Sitter spacetime is investigated by holography and the de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence. We show that de Sitter spacetime emerges from a free Sp($N$) vector model by complexifying the ghost fields and course-graining them by flow equation in parallel to the imaginary axis. We confirm that the emergence of de Sitter spacetime is ensured by conformal symmetry. We also compute the quantum corrections to the cosmological constant up to the next-to-leading order of the $1/N$ expansion in a proposed holographic approach. As a result the sub-leading corrections have the opposite sign to the classical value. This implies that a quantum gravity on de Sitter spacetime is perturbatively stable and quantum effects make the universe flatter and the cosmological constant smaller.
Impact of disease activity and treatments on ovarian reserve in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the ESPOIR cohort
Authors: Valdeyron Camille , Soubrier Martin , Pereira Bruno , Constantin Arnaud , Morel Jacques , Gaudin Philippe , Combe Bernard , Gremeau Anne Sophie , Dejou-Bouillet Lydie , Pouly Jean Luc , Sapin Vincent , Oris Charlotte , Brugnon Florence 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesPatients with RA have a higher prevalence of infertility than the general population. This study sought to examine the impact of RA disease activity and treatments on ovarian reserve measured by serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in the ESPOIR cohort. We sought to better define the indications for fertility preservation.MethodsPatients and serum analysis data were derived from the French national cohort ESPOIR. Enrolled patients (n = 102; 18–37-year-olds) fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA. Serum AMH levels were measured at T0, T6, T12, T24 and T36 months post-diagnosis. The impacts of RA activity (DAS28 and CRP level) and treatments (MTX only or with other medications) were evaluated at each study visit.ResultsA gradual decrease in patients’ serum AMH levels was observed over time, in line with the descending curve described for healthy women. Serum AMH levels of RA patients in comparison with the values considered normal for age did not reveal any significant differences (P &gt; 0.05). We did not observe any impact of RA treatments. We demonstrated an inverse correlation between AMH variation and disease activity (DAS28: r = –0.27, P = 0.003; CRP: r = –0.16, P = 0.06).ConclusionThis is the first study to determine serum AMH levels of a large cohort of RA patients over 36 months. Rapid disease activity control appears to be required to limit changes in the ovarian reserve. Fertility preservation is not likely to be necessary if inflammation is promptly controlled.ClinicalTrials.gov IdentifierNCT03666091.
Default Option Exercise over the Financial Crisis and beyond*
Authors: An Xudong , Deng Yongheng , Gabriel Stuart A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We document changes in borrowers’ sensitivity to negative equity and show heightened borrower default propensity as a fundamental driver of crisis period mortgage defaults. Estimates of a time-varying coefficient competing risk hazard model reveal a marked run-up in the default option beta from 0.2 during 2003–06 to about 1.5 during 2012–13. Simulation of 2006 vintage loan performance shows that the marked upturn in the default option beta resulted in a doubling of mortgage default incidence. Panel data analysis indicates that much of the variation in default option exercise is associated with the local business cycle and consumer distress. Results also indicate elevated default propensities in sand states and among borrowers seeking a crisis-period Home Affordable Modification Program loan modification.