bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitisation and linkage of PDF formatted 12-lead ECGs in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Alkan Muhammet , Deligianni Fani , Anagnostopoulos Christos , Zakariyya Idris , Veldtman Gruschen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUND12-lead ECG’s form an essential part of the late follow-up of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Such ECGs are most frequently reviewed by clinicians in paper or PDF formats. These visual representations of the original vector data do not easily lend themselves to be directly analysed with the increasingly powerful Machine Learning algorithms that hold promise in risk prediction and early prevention of adverse events.OBJECTIVESIn this work, we set out to recreate the original digital signals from ECG PDF documents by a series of data processing steps, validate accuracy of the process, and demonstrate its potential utility in research.METHODSUsing 4153 ECG PDF documents from 436 ACHD patients, we created a “pipeline” to successfully digitise the visually represented ECG vector datasets. We then proceed with the validation of the digitised ECG dataset using several features that are also calculated by the vendor, such as QRS duration, PR interval and ventricular rate, on all the patients.RESULTSWe confirmed a strong correlation with the vendor measured ECG parameters including PR interval (R= 0.941,P< 0.05), QRS duration (R= 0.949,P< 0.05) and ventricular rate (R= 0.971,P< 0.05). Further, using Support Vector Machine (SVM), a well-established Machine Learning (ML) model we demonstrate the ability of the digitised ECG dataset to accurately predict anatomic diagnosis in ACHD.CONCLUSIONSDigitisation of PDF formatted ECG signal data can be accomplished with good accuracy and can be used in clinical research in ACHD.
Proteomic Sensors for Quantitative, Multiplexed and Spatial Monitoring of Kinase Signaling
Authors: Comstock William J , Navarro Marcos VAS , Maybee Deanna V , Rho Yiseo , Wagner Mateusz , Wang Yingzheng , Smolka Marcus B 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding kinase action requires precise quantitative measurements of their activityin vivo. In addition, the ability to capture spatial information of kinase activity is crucial to deconvolute complex signaling networks, interrogate multifaceted kinase actions, and assess drug effects or genetic perturbations. Here we developed a proteomic kinase activity sensor platform (ProKAS) for the analysis of kinase signaling using mass spectrometry. ProKAS is based on a tandem array of peptide sensors with amino acid barcodes that allow multiplexed analysis for spatial, kinetic, and screening applications. We engineered a ProKAS module to simultaneously monitor the activities of the DNA damage response kinases ATR, ATM, and CHK1 in response to genotoxic drugs, while also uncovering differences between these signaling responses in the nucleus, cytosol, and replication factories. Furthermore, we developed anin silicoapproach for the rational design of specific substrate peptides expandable to other kinases. Overall, ProKAS is a novel versatile system for systematically and spatially probing kinase action in cells.
Statistical Analysis Plan for the Optimal Post rTpa-Iv Monitoring in Ischemic Stroke Trial (OPTIMIST)
Authors: Billot Laurent , Bompoint Severine , Ouyang Menglu , Xu Lizheng , Wang Xia , Malavera Alejandra , Johnson Brenda , Summers Debbie , Khatri Pooja , Muñoz-Venturelli Paula , Day Diana , Sui Yi , Song Lili , Wan Zaidi Wan Asyraf , Huy Thang Nguyen , Delcourt Candice , Robinson Thompson , Jan Stephen , Lindley Richard I , Urrutia Victor C , Anderson Craig S 
Published: December 2024

1AbstractThe OPTIMIST trial aims to determine whether low-intensity monitoring is at least as effective (“non-inferior”) to standard monitoring, on the functional recovery of patients who have received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator or equivalent lytic reperfusion treatment for acute ischaemic stroke. It is designed as an international, multicenter, stepped-wedge (4 periods/3 steps) cluster randomized trial. This statistical analysis plan pre-specifies the method of analysis for every outcome and key variable collected in the trial.The primary outcome is an “unfavourable outcome” at Day 90, defined as a score of 2 to 6 on the modified Rankin scale. The primary analysis will consist in a log-binomial regression adjusted for the effect of time and for clustering by site using a random effect. The non-inferiority margin was pre-specified as a relative risk of 1.15 for a bad outcome; thus, non-inferiority will be declared if the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval around the relative risk is lower than 1.15.The primary analysis will adjust for calendar time (6-month intervals) and will be based on imputed data. The analysis plan also includes planned sensitivity analyses including covariate adjustments and subgroup analyses.2Administrative information2.1Study identifiersProtocol Number: GI-AU-NMH-2019-CA Version: 3.0, Date: 3 March 2021ClinicalTrials.gov register Identifier:NCT03734640Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN 126190015561342.2Revision history2.3Contributors to the statistical analysis planLB – Main author; developed the initial draft and prepared subsequent versions. SB - Prepared initial draft and reviewed subsequent versions. MO, CA - Reviewed every draft and approved final version. LX - Prepared economic analysis section and approved final version. SJ - Comments on economic analysis plan; approved final draft. XW, AM, BJ, DS, PK, PM-V, DD, YS, LS, WAWZ, NHT, CD, TR, RIL - Approved final draft.
Machine learning models for predicting medium-term heart failure prognosis: Discrimination and calibration analysis
Authors: Nishino Takuya , Kato Katsuhito , Tara Shuhei , Hayashi Daisuke , Seki Tomohisa , Takiguchi Toru , Kubota Yoshiaki , Yamamoto Takeshi , Maruyama Mitsunori , Kodani Eitaro , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Shirakabe Akihiro , Otsuka Toshiaki , Yokobori Shoji , Kondo Yukihiro , Asai Kuniya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe number of patients with heart failure (HF) is increasing with an aging population, shifting care from hospitals to clinics. Predicting medium-term prognosis after discharge can improve clinical care and reduce readmissions; however, no established model has been evaluated with both discrimination and calibration.ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop and assess the feasibility of machine learning (ML) models in predicting the medium-term prognosis of patients with HF.MethodsThis study included 4,904 patients with HF admitted to four affiliated hospitals at Nippon Medical School (2018–2023). Four ML models—logistic regression, random forests, extreme gradient boosting, and light gradient boosting—were developed to predict the endpoints of death or emergency hospitalization within 180 days of discharge. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation sets (8:2), and the ML models were trained on the training dataset and evaluated using the validation dataset.ResultsAll models demonstrated acceptable performance as assessed by the area under the precision-recall curve. The models showed favorable agreement between the predicted and observed outcomes in the calibration evaluations with the calibration slope and Brier score. Successful risk stratification of medium-term outcomes was achieved for individual patients with HF. The SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm identified nursing care needs as a significant predictor alongside established laboratory values for HF prognosis.ConclusionsML models effectively predict the 180-day prognosis of patients with HF, and the influence of nursing care needs underscores the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in HF care.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL:https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr; unique identifier: UMIN000054854
Transposable elements drive regulatory and functional innovation of F-box genes
Authors: Almeida Miguel Vasconcelos , Li Zixin , Rebelo-Guiomar Pedro , Dallaire Alexandra , Fiedler Lukáš , Price Jonathan L. , Sluka Jan , Liu Xiaodan , Butter Falk , Rödelsperger Christian , Miska Eric A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProtein domains of transposable elements (TEs) and viruses increase the protein diversity of host genomes by recombining with other protein domains. By screening 10 million eukaryotic proteins, we identified several domains that define multi-copy gene families and frequently co-occur with TE/viral domains. Among these, a Tc1/Mariner transposase helix-turn-helix (HTH) domain was captured by F-box genes in theCaenorhabditisgenus, creating a new class of F-box genes. For specific members of this class, likefbxa-215, we found that the HTH domain is required for diverse processes including germ granule localisation, fertility, and thermotolerance. Furthermore, we provide evidence that HSF-1 mediates the transcriptional integration offbxa-215into the heat-shock response by binding to Helitron TEs directly upstream of thefbxa-215locus. The interactome of HTH-bearing F-box factors suggests roles in post-translational regulation and proteostasis, consistent with established functions of F-box proteins. Based on AlphaFold2 multimer proteome-wide screens, we propose that the HTH domain may diversify the repertoire of protein substrates that F-box factors regulate post-translationally. We further demonstrate that F-box genes repeatedly and independently captured TE domains throughout eukaryotic evolution, and describe an additional instance in zebrafish. In conclusion, we identify recurrent TE domain captures by F-box genes in eukaryotes and provide insights into how these novel proteins are integrated within host gene regulatory networks.
Synaptic facilitation enhances the reliability and precision of high frequency neurotransmission
Authors: Bernal-Correa Ana Maria , Dagostin Andre , von Gersdorff Henrique , Kushmerick Christopher 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe small and tortuous volume of synaptic clefts limits the diffusion of Ca2+ions during high frequency spiking. Extracellular Ca2+levels ([Ca2+]o) of 0.8 mM or lower have been measured or calculated for different synapses. Here, we recorded evoked postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) and action potentials (AP) from young adult male and female mouse auditory brainstem principal neurons to investigate the relationship between neurotransmission reliability, stimulation frequency and [Ca2+]o. In 0.8 mM [Ca2+]o, we observed AP failures during afferent fiber stimulation at 100 Hz. Surprisingly, AP failures, EPSP-AP latency and jitter were all greatly reduced when stimulation frequency was increased to 500 Hz. Analysis of the EPSP/AP waveform revealed marked facilitation at 500 Hz that was not present at 100 Hz. Raising [Ca2+]oto 1.2 mM or 2.0 mM reduced or eliminated facilitation and, in these conditions, stimulation at 500 Hz increased the number of AP failures. In 0.8 mM [Ca2+]o, afferent fiber stimulation over a broad range of frequencies from 10-1000 Hz produced three different types of spiking responses: Type I cells exhibited band-pass filtering, with best response at approximately 500 Hz, Type II cells exhibited low-pass filtering above 600 Hz, and Type III cells exhibited shallow band-pass filtering centered at approximately 300 Hz. To predict AP success or failure, we built a model based on three factors: size of the EPSP, membrane potential immediately prior to the synaptic event and the number of preceding failures. We conclude that synaptic facilitation can contribute positively to the maintenance of reliable and precise high frequency neurotransmission in the auditory brainstem.Significance StatementFacilitation of evoked postsynaptic currents is a common feature of synapses. The strength of facilitation and its role in reaching spike threshold depends on intrinsic properties of the synapse, stimulation frequency, and extracellular Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]o). Physiological levels of [Ca2+]ocan vary from 0.8 to 1.2 mM depending on synaptic activity. In the mouse Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body, synaptic facilitation is readily observable in slice experiments using relatively low (0.8 mM) [Ca2+]o, but is partially or completely obscured by short-term synaptic depression when [Ca2+]ois high (1.2 or 2.0 mM). Here we show that facilitation can rescue the reliability of high-frequency (500 Hz) action potential firing in low [Ca2+]o, resulting in band-pass filter transmission.
The physiological impact of an N-terminal Halo-tag on GIPR function in mice
Authors: Davies Iona , Manchanda Yusman , Sloop Kyle W , Bloom Stephen R , Tan Tricia MM , Tomas Alejandra , Jones Ben 
Published: December 2024

AimsG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modified with self-labelling enzymatic tags (e.g. Halo, SNAP, CLIP) have enabled thein vitrostudy of receptor expression and trafficking. We developed aGiprHalo/Halomouse model to gain insights into endogenous glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor (GIPR) signalling, an important modulator of glucose and appetite homeostasis.MethodsGiprHalo/Halomice were generated through ES cell-based gene targeting and physiologically characterised via body weight, oral glucose tolerance test and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test analysis. Live cell imaging was used to measure cAMP responses in dispersed pancreatic islets fromGiprWt/WtandGiprHalo/Halolittermates in response to GIP. cAMP accumulation and surface receptor expression were assessed in AD293 cells transiently transfected with mouse and human untagged GIPR and Halo-GIPR. Endogenous pancreatic islet expression of Halo-GIPR was determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsGiprHalo/Halomice displayed comparable body weights and responses to oral glucose administration asGiprHalo/WtandGiprWt/Wtlittermates. However,GiprHalo/Halomice only responded to high dose human GIP during intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing, and cAMP responses to GIP were impaired inGiprHalo/Haloislets. Despite unimpaired surface expression,in vitrocAMP responses were lessened in AD293 cells expressing Halo-GIPR compared to untagged GIPR. Anti-Halo staining in mouseGiprHalo/Wtpancreatic islets displayed detectable signal.ConclusionsWhile theGiprHalo/Halomouse model could be used to study endogenous GIPR expression, due to reduced responses we advise against its use for endogenous GIPR trafficking and signalling. Our study highlights the importance of carefully phenotyping mouse models in which modifications to endogenous proteins have been introduced.
When audit confronts blockchain
Authors: Pimentel Erica , Boulianne Emilio , Spence Crawford 
Published: December 2024

PurposePrevious work has explored the ability of auditors to expand successfully into seemingly unrelated fields, referred to as new audit spaces. The present paper focuses on how auditors respond to challenges when entering a new audit field and devising strategies to sensemake and sensegive about those challenges.Design/methodology/approachThis study builds on findings from 32 interviews with auditors and participant observation of interactions between auditors and blockchainers to understand how auditors approached a new audit space.FindingsWe find that when auditors enter a new audit space, they endeavour to impose a logic of auditability. First, they determine an acceptable knowledge basis for this target audit space by developing a codified set of rules to organize knowledge, then develop a codified set of practices to verify conformity to the auditor’s set of rules. Next, auditors engage in three strategic tactics to influence members of the target audit space: appealing to the financial benefits of adopting a logic of auditability; appealing to their credentials from established audit markets; and appealing to bona fides in the target audit space to establish credibility. We posit that these sensemaking and sensegiving strategies do not take hold in the blockchain space because auditors are approaching these activities from a different mental model than blockchain natives. Because auditors are unable to adopt the mental model of the blockchain space, they are unable to devise strategies to compellingly influence blockchain natives and secure a stronghold in this new audit space. We developed a model for sensemaking and sensegiving when auditors enter new audit spaces.Originality/valueThis paper challenges and contrasts prior accounts of the seemingly unending expansion of audit firms into new spaces. The study demonstrates that there are limitations to auditors’ abilities to transplant their verification skills in the blockchain field.
Is cloud computing a game-changer for SME financial performance? Unveiling the mediating role of organizational agility through PLS-SEM
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Rani Vinki , Rani Garima , Rani Manju 
Published: December 2024

PurposeCloud computing services are game-changing in empowering organizations to drive innovation and unlock new growth opportunities. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the determinants of cloud computing adoption in SMEs and assess their impact on firm financial performance, specifically focusing on the mediating role of organizational agility in driving cloud-enabled financial improvements.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 405 owners and managers of SMEs who used cloud computing. A “variance based-structural equation modelling” (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the hypothesis.FindingsThe PLS-SEM result shows that relative advantage, cost-effectiveness, compatibility and external environment support significantly influence cloud computing adoption in SMEs. However, complexity insignificantly impacts cloud computing adoption. The analysis also revealed that cloud computing adoption substantially influences organizational agility. Similarly, cloud computing adoption and organizational agility significantly influence firms’ financial performance.Practical implicationsThe present research provides valuable suggestions to service providers, policymakers and managers on developing and expanding cloud computing in developed and developing nations. Additionally, cloud providers can recognize their role in creating a supportive and adaptable environment that ensures convenient access to cloud computing users.Originality/valueThis research is an initial attempt to blend the strength of diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory with two additional constructs (i.e. cost-effectiveness and external environment support) for making a comprehensive model of cloud computing adoption and its influence on firm financial performance. By doing this, the research adds to the empirical knowledge on cloud computing adoption and provides an institutional framework to interpret the impact of cloud-based information technology.
Racial preferences in sports NFTs? Empirical evidence from NBA Top Shots
Authors: Nguyen Jeremy , Yeomans Carleigh , Karg Adam 
Published: December 2024

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse a large data set of over 2.4 million Top Shot NFT transactions to determine whether there is evidence of revealed racial preferences in the Top Shot market.Design/methodology/approach This study examines a data set of 2.43 million transactions from 28 July 2020 to 20 March 2021 using Ordinary Least Squares, Weighted Least Squares and Inverse Probability Weighting. Our models include indicator variables for the race of depicted players and examine estimated race coefficients for statistical significance and effect size.Findings Our results indicate that the National Basketball Association (NBA) Top Shot NFTs depicting Black players or Black/Mixed players trade for higher prices than those depicting White players, after controlling for other factors including on-court performance. While highly statistically significant, the effect sizes are below conventional thresholds for small effects.Practical implicationsRecent empirical studies present evidence suggesting that Black players may earn less than comparable White players. Our findings challenge implicit justifications for observed earning disparities based on consumer preference.Originality/value This study provides empirical analysis into revealed racial preference of consumers for sports memorabilia. It is the first to examine racial preference in NBA NFTs.
DT-fuzzy DEMATEL: a new method for determining important factors for student satisfaction with e-course adoption in a Vietnamese university
Authors: Huynh-Cam Thao-Trang , Nalluri Venkateswarlu , Chen Long-Sheng , White Jonathan , Nguyen Thanh-Huy , Nguyen Van-Canh , Lu Tzu-Chuen 
Published: December 2024

PurposeAs emerging e-course providers after the COVID-19 crisis, universities (UNI) policymakers in the Mekong Delta region (MDR) have faced difficulties owing to limited clues about what factors improve student retention and recruitment. This study aims to determine important factors (IF) for student satisfaction with e-course adoption (e-satisfaction) for student retention and recruitment.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data collected from 850 students of the target UNI were analyzed using the DT-fuzzy DEMATEL method. Input factor dimensions included course design, technical infrastructure, interaction, teacher-related and student-related factors. Decision Trees (DT) confirmed the final factors; fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) was used to establish the cause-effect relationships among these factors.FindingsDT-fuzzy DEMATEL method can identify satisfied and dissatisfied students (accuracy = 94.95%) and determine IFs successfully. The most IFs included new and useful knowledge/information provided, various effective teaching methods and motivation to read provided learning materials.Originality/valueAlthough e-satisfaction has been the focus of theories and practices, e-satisfaction in an emerging region like MDR has been studied here for the first time. Most IFs can be used as predictors for e-satisfaction and serve as a primary reference for UNIs’ policymakers. Several practical suggestions were also provided for the sustainable and long-term development of e-programs.
Navigating interactions and challenges in online learning: a qualitative study through social presence theory
Authors: Bali Sandrotua , Chen Tsai-Ching , Liu Ming-Chou , Klangrit Suriya , Lin Cheng-Yi 
Published: December 2024

PurposeWith the increasing number of institutions offering online degree programs, there is a growing need to understand the requirements for interactions and the challenges present in online learning environments. Consequently, this qualitative study aims to explore aspects of nontraditional students, typically defined as older than traditional college age, employed full-time or with family responsibilities.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a qualitative approach, conducting in-depth interviews with nine nontraditional students. Grounded in social presence theory, this study analyzed the experiences and viewpoints of nontraditional students in the online learning environment, utilizing thematic analysis.FindingsThematic analysis unveiled two major themes: interactions in online learning and challenges in online learning. Four sub-themes emerged from interactions in online learning (interaction with instructors, interaction with peers, content interaction and interface interaction). In addition, three sub-themes emerged from challenges in online learning (timing inflexibility, tools and technological barriers and diverse learning modes). The findings of this suggest that nontraditional students derived benefits from online learning, yet they faced limitations in peer interaction and experienced technological barriers.Originality/valueThis study is based on primary data collected from nontraditional students, offering valuable insights into the needs and challenges they face in higher education while engaged in online learning.