bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of curcumin and copper acetate against Salmonella Typhimurium infection, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens
Authors: Leyva-Diaz Anaisa A. , Hernandez-Patlan Daniel , Solis-Cruz Bruno , Adhikari Bishnu , Kwon Young Min , Latorre Juan D. , Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl , Fuente-Martinez Benjamin , Hargis Billy M. , Lopez-Arellano Raquel , Tellez Guillermo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance. One of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds, given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ions. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate (CA), curcumin (CR), and their combination (CA-CR) against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization, intestinal permeability, and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection model. S. Typhimurium recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil (12 chickens per group) on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4 (XLT-4) with novobiocin and nalidixic acid. Intestinal integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) in serum samples from blood obtained on day 10 post-S. Typhimurium challenge. Finally, microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA gene.Results: The results showed that in two independent studies, all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the S. Typhimurium colonization in cecal tonsils (CT, P< 0.0001) compared to the positive control (PC) group. However, only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing S. Typhimurium counts in both independent studies. Furthermore, the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC (P= 0.0084), which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal integrity. The effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) since Salmonella was significantly enriched in PC group (LDA score > 2.0 and P<0.05) compared to the other groups. In addition, Coprobacillus, Eubacterium, and Clostridium were significantly higher in the PC group compared to other treatment groups. On the contrary, Fecalibacterium and Enterococcus in CR, unknown genus of Erysipelotrichaceae at CA-CR, and unknown genus of Lachnospiraceae at CA were significantly more abundant respectively.Conclusions: CR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S. Typhimurium intestinal colonization and maintain better intestinal homeostasis which might be achieved through modulation of cecal microbiota.
Comparative Plastid Genomics of Four Pilea (Urticaceae) Species: Insight into Interspecific Plastid Genome Diversity in Pilea
Authors: Li Jingling , Tang Jianmin , Zeng Siyuan , Han Fang , Yuan Jing , Yu Jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Pilea is a genus of perennial herbs from the family Urticaceae, and some species are used as courtyard ornamentals or for medicinal purposes. At present, there is no information about the plastid genome of Pilea, which limits our understanding of this genus. Here, we report 4 plastid genomes of Pilea taxa (Pilea mollis, Pilea glauca 'Greizy', Pilea peperomioides and Pilea serpyllacea 'Globosa') and performed comprehensive comparative analysis.Results: The four plastid genomes all have a typical quartile structure. The lengths of the plastid genomes ranged from 150,398 bp to 152,327 bp, and each genome contained 113 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes. Comparative analysis showed a rather high level of sequence divergence in the four genomes. Moreover, eight hypervariable regions were identified (petN-psbM, psbZ-trnG-GCC, trnT-UGU-trnL-UAA, accD-psbI, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32-trnL-UAG, ndhA-intron and ycf1), which are proposed for use as DNA barcode regions. Phylogenetic relationships based on the plastid genomes of 23 species of 14 genera of Urticaceae resulted in the placement of Pilea in the middle and lower part of the phylogenetic tree, with 100% bootstrap support within Urticaceae.Conclusion: Our results enrich the resources concerning plastid genomes. Comparative plastome analysis provides insight into the interspecific diversity of the plastid genome of Pilea. The identified hypervariable regions could be used for developing molecular markers applicable in various research areas.
White Oak (Quercus fabri Hance) regenerated stump sprouts show few symptom of senescence during 40 years’ growth in the natural forest
Authors: Sun Honggang , Wu Sisheng , Wu Liwen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The relationship between the parental tree’ physiological age and the clonal offspring’s lifespan is unclear. White oak (Quercus fabri Hance) has a high sprouting capability after harvest, with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal individuals. To determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent, the senescence levels of 5-, 10-, 20- and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were evaluated. The antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were compared.Results: Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems, with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old sprouts. Older leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger leaves. However, older sprouts had a few unhealthy characteristics, such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome, proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves, indicating that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger leaves. Additionally, plant–pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots, indicating that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic stress.Conclusions: The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts, although the former had some unhealthy characteristics. We conclude that during their first 40 years of growth regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce, and that the parental tree’s physiological age does not significantly affect its clonal offspring’s lifespan.
Codiseño de Objetos de Aprendizaje OA como estrategia de capacitación a docentes de Educación Superior
Authors: Diez-Martinez Evelyn , Morales-Velasco Rosa Alejandra 
Published: December 2020

Los Objetos de Aprendizaje (OA) son una opción para crear contenido digital educativo. Diseñarlos implica procesos complejos requiriendo de los autores competencias que exceden las exclusivamente disciplinares. Para identificar las opiniones iniciales y finales de 12 docentes de universidad acerca de la dificultad o facilidad que diseñar un OA les implicaba, se les impartió un curso sobre cómo diseñar un OA, con una metodología específica (DICREVOA 0.2) y se les proporcionó acompañamiento como codiseño de estos OA, lo anterior como estrategia para identificar posibles cambios en sus opiniones después del curso. Los resultados muestran que tareas relacionadas con aspectos pedagógicos ligadas a su praxis les son más fáciles que aquellas requiriendo de aspectos tecnológicos, ya que menos del 50% concretaron el guion del diseño de la interfaz. Sin embargo, ambos aspectos se beneficiaron del curso apareciendo diferencias entre las opiniones iniciales y finales de los docentes autores sobre sus competencias al diseñar un OA. Esto manifiesta la necesidad de ofrecer en las instituciones de educación, programas de formación en estrategias de codiseño y diseño de recursos educativos digitales, para responder a las transformaciones actuales en la transmisión del conocimiento y apunta a la importancia de seguir realizando investigación al respecto.
Codiseño de problemas geométricos apoyados en TICs: estudio de un caso con estudiantes de maestros bajo un modelo de aprendizaje mixto
Authors: Piñero Charlo José Carlos , Costado Dios María Teresa 
Published: December 2020

La particular obsesión por la formación en el conocimiento matemático puramente aritmético (una deformación particular del sistema español) produce estudiantes con marcadas dificultades en la resolución de problemas geométricos debido, en particular, a su escasa visión espacial. Sin embargo, en el afán de ir más allá en la implementación de estrategias de aprendizaje basado en problemas para la enseñanza de conocimientos relacionados con el ámbito de la geometría, los enfoques para promover el aprendizaje digital se están volviendo cada vez más diversos, difundidos y generalmente bien aceptados. En particular, las estrategias de codiseño de procesos formativos es un campo de investigación que ofrece grandes posibilidades de desarrollo. En esta contribución presentamos los resultados obtenidos al desarrollar un módulo de aprendizaje mixto con actividades codiseñadas para trabajar el desarrollo de competencias ligadas al desarrollo del conocimiento geométrico en estudiantes de maestro. Este estudio se enmarca en un esfuerzo continuado por implementar metodologías de codiseño y aprendizaje mixto, presentando los resultados acumulados tras una experiencia y analizando, en particular, la utilidad de este tipo de estrategias para el estudio de la geometría.
Codiseño del curso TIACE en la formación inicial docente de educación preescolar ante la contingencia de la COVID-19
Authors: Colorado Aguilar Brenda Luz 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio se centró en valorar el codiseño del curso, la Tecnología Informática Aplicada a los Centros Escolares (TIACE) en la formación inicial docente de la licenciatura en educación preescolar, ante la contingencia provocada por la COVID-19. La investigación de corte mixto y alcance descriptivo, se realizó en una escuela normal del estado de Veracruz, México. Se utilizó el cuestionario escala Likert aplicado a una muestra de 27 docentes en formación, así como la aplicación de 12 entrevistas semiestructuradas para el estudio fenomenológico hermenéutico. Se obtuvieron resultados favorables del codiseño del curso en cuanto a las estrategias de organización y dinámica, aspectos pedagógicos, de contenido y tecnológicos. Con respecto a los factores que intervinieron para dar continuidad con las clases ante la pandemia, surgieron aspectos de estados de ánimo y contingencias familiares como factores a tomarse en cuenta en la modalidad de aprendizaje en línea.
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine Hydrolase: Its Inhibitory Activity Against Plasmodium falciparum and Development of Malaria Drugs
Authors: Chandra Girish , Patel Samridhi , Panchal Manoj , Singh Durg Vijay 
Published: December 2020

:
Parasite Plasmodium falciparum is continuously giving a challenge to human beings by
changing itself against most of the antimalarial drugs and its consequences can be seen in the form of
a huge number of deaths each year especially in the poor and developing country. Due to its drug resistance
ability, new drugs are regularly needed to kill the organism. Many new drugs have been developed
based on different mechanisms. One of the potential mechanisms is to hamper protein synthesis
by blocking the gene expression.

:
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase is a NAD+ dependent tetrameric enzyme, which is responsible
for the reversible hydrolysis of AdoHcy to adenosine and L-homocysteine, has been recognized
as a new target for antimalarial agents since the parasite has a specific SAH hydrolase. The inhibition
of SAH hydrolase causes the intracellular accumulation of S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine, elevating
the ratio of SAH to S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and inhibiting SAM-dependent methyltransferase
that catalyzes methylation of the capped structure at the 5′-terminus of mRNA, and other methylation
reaction which is essential for parasite proliferation. In other words, S-Adenosyl-Lhomocysteine
hydrolase regulates methyltransferase reactions. In this way, SAH hydrolase inhibitors
can be used for the treatment of different diseases like malaria, cancer, viral infection, etc. by ultimately
stopping the synthesis of protein. Many antiviral drugs have been synthesized and marketed
which are based on the inhibition of SAH hydrolase.

:
This review summarises the development of SAH inhibitors developed over the last 20 years and their
potentiality for the treatment of malaria.
Attitude to Open Access in Russian Scholarly Community 2020: Two Years Later
Authors: Litvinova N. N. , Razumova I. K. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The work analyses chenges in the attitude to Open Access of the Russian scholarly community in 2018–2020.Materials and methods. This study employs online survey methodology with quantitative analysis of results. Materials used are raw data of the survey among 828 respondents in 187 organizations conducted in July 2020 and resuts of the previus survey in 2018.Results. Comparison of two surveys indicates notable growth of awareness, positive attitude and readiness for self-archiving in institutional repositories. Since 2018, the relative share of Russian authors published in OA has grown and reached 89 %. Four different professional groups show similar results for different models of OA publishing. The share of Russian institutions with repositories increased from 46 to 55 %, however still falls behind the values reported for European countries. Three quarters of respondents support mandatory OA publishing of research with state funding. 81 % consider that state policy of Open Access to scholarly publications has to be developed in Russia.Discussion and conclusions. Results obtained in this work confirm strong support of the OA initiative by all proffecional groups of Russian academic community together with successfull experience of Russian researchers in OA publishing either in Gold OA or Green OA. In 2020, level of OA awareness of Russian researchers and research leaders exceeds the 2017 and 2019 indicators of European and American universities. In general, results in Russia fit recent results of national and international surveys.
Penggunaan Dinding Silang Pada Galian Dalam Di Tanah Sangat Lunak: Studi Kasus Proyek Apartemen DI Jalan Kebun Sirih Jakarta
Authors: Widjaja Oktaffian , Makarim Chaidir Anwar 
Published: December 2020

Deep excavation in areas with very soft clay deposits need a good soil retaining system and excavation method. Using a diapraghm wall as a soil retaining system for deep excavation is a good choice can be done. Diapraghm wall is expected to limit the movement that occurs in the retaining walls and avoid leaks that occur in walls, this is needed to minimize damage to adjacent buildings. The top down excavation method by utilizing the basement floor as lateral resistance can be carried out to reduce the movement that occurs on the ground. In very soft soil areas with excavation distances to neighbors very close, the movement on the ground must be limited to minimize damage to adjacent buildings. Cross walls can be used to reduce the movement that occurs on the ground. Analysis of finite element with using the Plaxis program was carried out to investigate the performance of the retaining wall. From the results of the analysis conducted shows that using a cross wall at a location below the raft pile can be reduced the movement that occurs in the retaining wall and the excavation stages can be reduced. Keywords: cross wall; deep excavation; diapraghm wall; very soft soil ABSTRAKGalian dalam pada daerah dengan endapan tanah liat sangat lunak yang cukup dalam diperlukan sistem penahan tanah dan metode galian yang direncanakan dengan baik. Menggunakan dinding dipraghm sebagai sistem penahan tanah untuk galian dalam merupakan pilihan yang dapat dilakukan. Penggunaan dinding diapraghm diharapkan dapat membatasi pergerakan yang terjadi pada dinding dan menghindari kebocoran yang yang terjadi pada dinding penahan tanah karena sistem pengecoran yang saling mengunci dan pertemuan antara panel dinding dapat dipasang waterstop, hal ini diperlukan untuk menghindari kerusakan pada bangunan yang berdekatan dengan daerah galian. Metode galian top down yaitu galian bertahap dengan memanfaatkan lantai besmen sebagai tahanan lateral dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi pergerakan yang terjadi pada tanah. Pada daerah tanah sangat lunak dengan jarak galian dengan tetangga sangat berdekatan pergerakan pada tanah harus dibatasi untuk meminimalkan kerusakan pada bangunan yang berdekatan. Dinding silang merupakan sistem tahanan lateral yang dapat dipergunakan untuk mengurangi pergerakan yang terjadi pada tanah. Analisis elemen hingga menggunakan program Plaxis 2D dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja dinding penahan tanah dan pergerakan yang terjadi. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa dengan menggunakan dinding silang yang terletak pada di bawah raft pile dapat menurunkan pergerakan yang terjadi pada dinding penahan tanah dan tahapan galian dapat dikurangi.
Factors Influence Risk of Dementia in Elderly
Authors: Astutik Nanik Dwi , Felisitas Sr. 
Published: December 2020

The population of elderly globally is predicted continue to increase. The number of dementia cases in Indonesia reaches 1 million cases with an increase in the average life expectancy of Indonesians. WHO estimated that by 2050 cases of dementia will increase drastically, from currently around 36 million to more than 115 million. In 2011 the number of dementia cases in Indonesia showed 1 million people which will increase due to high average life expectancy continue to increase. This caused in the quality of life for the sufferer decrease which potentially became a big problem especially for developing countries that were not ready to handle large amounts of the need for treatment. Factors influence the risk of dementia were divided into 3 domain factors cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle risk factors and other risks. The purpose of this researchÂ Â analyzed factors that affect the risk of dementia among elderly in the elderly Posyandu, Tajinan Puskesmas work area Malang District. This research was cross sectional researchÂ methods. The sample Unit in this research was elderly who actively join elderly Posyandu in Tajinan Puskesmas, Malang District. Sample count 30 using proportionate stratified random sampling technique The Data analysis used SPSS software with logistics regression analysis tests. The results of this research showed that respondents who had high blood pressure had a chance of 23.9 times higher risk of cognitive problem compared to respondents who had normal blood pressure. This research also employed researchÂ articles, reports on research andÂ teaching materials as the reference. The research recommends for elderly to maintain their health status especially blood pressure and emotions to prevent the occurrence of cognitive function/dementia.
Aloe Vera Extract 75% Effective in Providing Xerosis Repair In Chronic Kidney Failure Patientâ€™s
Authors: Handriani Rini , Agustina Wiwik 
Published: December 2020

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Indonesia isÂ increasing, especially in Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, because the patients must undergo hemodyalisis therapy. Hemodialysis therapy has an effect to induce xerosis. Untreated xerosis will cause pruritus. Therefore this condition needs to use moisturizer to prevent pruritus like aloe vera extract. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of using aloe vera extract on the treatment of the skin of patients with chronic kidney failure. The research method was true experimental research and used simple random sampling technique to recruit 25 respondents. Aloe vera extract was used by rubbing it onto the skin with xerosis and assessment was conducted in the first, second and third week. The analysis of this research used the Kruskal-Wallis test and Linear Regression. The result of different test was p = 0.001 or Î± <0.01 showed that there was significant differences between groups of independent variables. The R ^ 2 value was 69% , it mean that aloe vera extract had an effect as much as 69% of improvement in skin conditions of xerosis patients and 31 % was influenced by other factors besides extract aloe vera. The results showed that aloe vera extract with 75% concentration gave the most effective treatment for xerosis patients. Therefore, aloe vera could be a therapy for xerosis as a management of independent nursing care with nursing problems of skin integrity disorders.
Monitoring and Risk Assessment of the National Project “Ecology”
Authors: Gasanov T. Yu. , Pashnin I. V. , Vetrova I. F. 
Published: December 2020

In the conditions of the modern economic development, its focus on sustainable development and environmental problems are of paramount importance. The directions of achieving environmental sustainability in Russia are supposed to be solved through the implementation of a set of measures outlined in the national project “Ecology”, which sets a number of targets and additional indicators that contribute to solving environmental problems. The article is devoted to the factors influencing the implementation of national projects and programs in the field of ecology in the Russian Federation. An analysis of the implementation of the “Ecology” project and the state program of the Russian Federation “Environmental Protection” as well as the study of Russian and foreign practices (experience of Singapore, Great Britain, Germany and other countries) regarding the monitoring the implementation of strategic documents, have helped to identify the relevant risks and to conduct their assessment, with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of financial control over the implementation of the national project. On the basis of the identified risks, the targets of the “Ecology” project were identified, which, in the opinion of the authors, requires its revision in order to be more effective. The results of the study may be interesting as relevant state bodies responsible for the implementation of the national project “Ecology”, in particular, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, as well as bodies which are monitoring its implementation, for example, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.