bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A PENA DE MORTE E A CODIFICAÇÃO PENAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Silva Alberto José Tavares Vieira da 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho visa fornecer elementos para a justa análise da proposta de reimplantação da pena de morte, no Brasil.
Inicialmente, a título propedêutico, apontam-se a origem, a razão de ser, o conceito e a classificação das penas.
Enfoca-se, a seguir, a evolução do sistema penal patrício, expressão dos valores sociais consagrados ao longo do tempo.
Mereceu especial cuidado o estudo de nova reforma penal que pode incorporar a pena capital no seu elenco de sanções, com o propósito de enfrentar o problema da violência.
Finalmente, projeta-se uma visão do futuro, partindo-se da crítica ao sistema penal vigorante, com ênfase no instituto da prisão e se pretende demonstrar a inadequabilidade da pena de morte, entre nós, em face do Caráter Nacional.
ORGANIZAÇÃO DO SISTEMA CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO AEROESPACIAL
Authors: Oliveira José Luciano de Santa Cruz 
Published: December 2020

Existe, hoje, a convicção de que a Ciência e Tecnologia tem possibilitado a transformação das sociedades, liberando as suas potencialidades humanas, seja pela substancial redução de seu esforço físico, seja pela ampliação dos domínios de sua racionalidade. É sabido, também, que dentre todas as áreas de pesquisas científicas e tecnológicas, uma das que vem incorporando significativa quantidade de benefícios à humanidade, é certamente a da pesquisa espacial. Este trabalho aborda desde a evolução da Ciência e Tecnologia no Brasil, até a concretização do Sistema Científico e Tecnológico Aeroespacial, estruturado e gerenciado, principalmente, pelo Ministério da Aeronáutica, através do Departamento de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (DEPED), e pelo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia, através do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). Enfoca, também, os programas e projetos em curso, enfatizando principalmente o Programa Espacial Brasileiro, a viabilização industrial de forma sustentada do setor aeroespacial, através de Plano de Cargas e Lotes Econômicos e a possibilidade de mobilização do parque industrial aeroespacial. Finalizando, são mencionados os principais óbices e as propostas de políticas e estratégias para superá-los, no sentido de fortalecer o setor aeroespacial nacional e abrir os caminhos necessários para o Desenvolvimento e Segurança da Nação.
Caracterización estructural, física y química de la fibra de rastrojo de la cosecha de piña (ananas comosus) golden como alternativa para elaborar papel
Authors: Mendoza Cisneros John Wilder , Velásquez Ccosi Percy Fermín , Gómez Gálvez Yohel 
Published: December 2020

El artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en la caracterización estructural, física y química de la fibra de rastrojo de la cosecha de piña (Ananas Comosus) Golden como alternativa para elaborar papel, Se determinaron las propiedades biométricas de las fibras (longitud y diámetro, grosor de la pared y diámetro del lumen), para luego obtener los índices de calidad de pulpa para papel, como también se analizaron los porcentajes de celulosa, Holocelulosa y lignina, según las Normas TAPPI para cada componente y el método de Jayme-Wise. Este estudio se hizo con la finalidad de tener información para su posterior aprovechamiento en la industria de pulpa y papel. Las muestras de los rastrojos de piña fueron extraídas del centro poblado de Omaya, Pichari del Valle de los ríos Apurímac, Ene y Mantaro (VRAEM)- Perú. Los resultados indican que presentan medidas biométricas de: Longitud de la fibra: 1105 µm, Grosor de la pared: 2,75 µm, Ancho de la fibra: 20,0625 µm, Diámetro de Lumen: 5,35 µm, que esta materia prima es apta para producir papel de calidad regular presentando un coeficiente de Runkel de 1,028, un coeficiente de flexibilidad de 0,27 y un coeficiente de rigidez de 0,27; Según sus características químicas la fibra de hojas de piña Golden presenta un bajo contenido de lignina siendo el 12,335 %, Holocelulosa 41,72 % y un alto contenido de celulosa 44,04 % siendo un material potencial en la industria de pulpa y papel.
Caracterización de agregados de cinco canteras de la provincia de Tacna y su optimación de uso en obras de construcción
Authors: Zavaleta Villanueva Jesús Raúl , Reátegui García Giovani Alonso , Duarte Lizarzaburu María Etelvina 
Published: December 2020

La caracterización de los agregados de las cinco principales canteras de la provincia de Tacna que permita optimizar su uso en obras de construcción. Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, explicativa y descriptiva donde se determinó las propiedades físicas del agregado realizando los ensayos según los parámetros establecidos en la Norma Técnica Peruana NTP 400.037. Se elaboró el diseño de mezcla según el método ACI para f’c= 210 kg/cm2. Posterior a ello se realizaron nueve testigos de concreto, para cada de las siguientes canteras; Arunta, Magollo, Arunta II, Jonas I y la propuesta para explotación ubicada en el distrito de Sama, a edades de 7, 14 y 28 días. Al realizar el ensayo de compresión se observó que el concreto realizado con los diferentes agregados cumple con los parámetros establecidos por la Norma Técnica Peruana. La cantera propuesta ubicada en el distrito de Sama, mostró óptimas condiciones para la explotación de agregados, ya que al realizar el ensayo de compresión obtuvo una resistencia de 319,61 kg/cm2 a 28 días.
Interés por la actividad física y recomendaciones recibidas con relación a conductas físicas durante etapas tempranas de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Chile
Authors: Aguilar-Farias Nicolás , Verdugo-Miranda Francisco , Cortinez-O'Ryan Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analizar las tendencias de búsqueda en Google en Chile sobre opciones para mantenerse activos físicamente durante etapas iniciales de la pandemia por COVID-19, y reportar la recepción de orientaciones sobre conductas físicas en cuidadores de niños y niñas de 1 a 5 años, emitidas desde salas cunas o jardines infantiles durante la pandemia en Chile. Métodos: Se exploraron términos relacionados con actividad física (“actividad física”, “ejercicio”, “juegos” y “juegos para niños en casa”) en Google teniendo como referencia el inicio de las medidas de cuarentena en Chile. La información de cuidadores se recolectó de forma online a lo largo de Chile. Resultados: De los términos explorados, “juegos para niños en casa” tuvo el mayor crecimiento desde el inicio de la pandemia, seguido por “juegos”, “ejercicio”, y “actividad física”. De un total de 1343 cuidadores, alrededor de un tercio recibió recomendaciones de actividad física, cerca de un quinto sobre uso de pantalla y uno de cada diez con relación al sueño. Conclusión: El alto interés y la falta de recepción de recomendaciones constituye un vacío que debe ser abordado a través de acciones educativas complementarias de profesionales, y tomadores de decisiones que habiliten espacios y programas para promover conductas saludables en niños y niñas en Chile.
Labor Force Transitions by Gender: Implications for Separate and Combined Worklife Expectancy
Authors: Allen Craig A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2016 (the “Act”) proposes that tables of worklife expectancy not taking account of gender be used in the calculation of damages amounts for loss of earnings capacity. This study calculates worklife expectancy tables not taking account of gender, by taking weighted averages of the labor force transition probabilities used by Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger (2011) and calculating the resulting worklife expectancies using the method of Skoog (2002). The weights for the weighted averages are from the period January 2005 through December 2009.
This study then examines patterns in worklife expectancies and labor force transition probabilities and provides evidence not in support of the hypothesis that women's lower worklife expectancies are due to events limited to childbearing years. It is seen that at almost all ages and at all levels of education: women's rate of departure from the labor force exceeds that of men, women's rate of entry and return to the labor force is less than that of men, and labor force participation rates are less than those of men.
This study finds that women's lower labor force participation rates than those of men are accounted for by a greater incidence for women of the statuses “taking care of house or family” and “in retirement.”
Combined gender worklife expectancy tables are then applied to the total population, with the result that mean worklife expectancies are higher for women than men at ages 30 and under, and progressively lower for women than men as age increases beyond age 30.
Worklife Expectancies of Railroad Workers Based on the Twenty-Seventh Actuarial Valuation Using Competing Risks/Multiple Decrement Theory and the Markov Railroad Model
Authors: Ciecka James E. , Skoog Gary R. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper contains worklife expectancies (WLE) of railroad workers based on the Twenty-Seventh Actuarial Valuation (Bureau of the Actuary, 2018), thereby updating the previous study of railroad workers' WLE based on the Twenty-Fifth Actuarial Valuation (Bureau of the Actuary, 2012). The main results of this paper are shown in a set of tables.1
Sex in the Cut
Authors: Zupančič Alenka 
Published: December 2020

The talk will attempt to explore the nature of the division or cut implied, also etymologically, in the term “sex”. It will attempt to develop a concept of division that does not imply any pre-existing whole, but rather exists as a self-standing entity, endowed by a reality of its own. What if the division implied in “sex” is not simply that between two sexes (or more), but rather something that marks the unrest of sexuality itself? How could this be related to the contemporary feminist struggle, and what kind of concept of universality would it imply?
Author(s): Alenka Zupančič
Title (English): Sex in the Cut
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Page Range: 20-26
Page Count: 7
Citation (English): Alenka Zupančič, “Sex in the Cut,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 20-26.
Author Biography
Alenka Zupančič, Institute of Philosophy, Scientific Research Center of the Slovene Academy of Sciences
Alenka Zupančič is a Slovene philosopher and social theorist. She works as research advisor at the Institute of Philosophy, Scientific Research Center of the Slovene Academy of Sciences. She is also professor at the European Graduate School in Switzerland. Notable for her work on the intersection of philosophy and psychoanalysis, she is the author of numerous articles and books, including Ethics of the Real: Kant and Lacan; The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two; Why Psychoanalysis: Three Interventions; The Odd One In: On Comedy; and, most recently, What Is Sex?
The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare
Authors: Le Vincent 
Published: December 2020

In 1950, Turing proposed to answer the question “can machines think” by staging an “imitation game” where a hidden computer attempts to mislead a human interrogator into believing it is human. While the cybercrime of bots defrauding people by posing as Nigerian princes and lascivious e-girls indicates humans have been losing the Turing test for some time, this paper focuses on “deepfakes,” artificial neural nets generating realistic audio-visual simulations of public figures, as a variation on the imitation game. Deepfakes blur the lines between fact and fiction, making it possible for the mere fiction of a nuclear apocalypse to make itself real. Seeing oneself becoming another, doing and saying strange things as if demonically possessed, triggers a disillusionment of our sense of self as human cloning and sinister doppelgängers become a reality that’s open-source and free. Along with electronic club music, illicit drugs, movies like Ex Machina and the coming sex robots, the primarily pornographic deepfakes are how the aliens invade by hijacking human drives in the pursuit of a machinic desire. Contrary to the popular impression that deepfakes exemplify the post-truth phenomenon of fake news, they mark an anarchic, massively distributed anti-fascist resistance network capable of sabotaging centralized, authoritarian institutions’ hegemonic narratives. That the only realistic “solutions” for detecting deepfakes have been to build better machines capable of exposing them ultimately suggests that human judgment is soon to be discarded into the dustbin of history. From now on, only a machine can win the Turing test against another machine.
Author(s): Vincent Le
Title (English): The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Page Range: 8-18
Page Count: 11
Citation (English): Vincent Le, “The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 8-18.
Author Biography
Vincent Le, Monash University
Vincent Le is a PhD candidate in philosophy at Monash University. He has taught philosophy at Deakin University and The Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy. He has published in Hypatia, Cosmos and History, Art + Australia, Šum, Horror Studies and Colloquy, among other journals. His recent work focuses on the reckless propagation of the will to critique.
Developing Students’ Worksheet Based Educational Comic for Eleventh Grade of Vocational High School Agriculture
Authors: Suhono Suhono , Sari Defika Andriana 
Published: December 2020

This article was development students’ worksheet based educational comic for eleventh grade of vocatational high school (SMK) agriculture in Bumi Nabung.The development research model used is 4D which stands for Define, Design, Development and Disseminate. Based on the data analysis of the research obtained an average final score by media experts of 69 that is very worth category, on average by material experts of 44 that is worth category, average by language expert of 36 that is worth category, as well as testing students' worksheets conducted on 5 students obtained an average value of 71,6 that is very worth category. This shows that the developed teaching materials are suitable to be used as teaching materials in teaching and learning activities.
Keywords : Developing, Students' Worksheets, Educational Comic
تقریری حدیث تعارف،اہمیت وحجیت
Authors: Dr. Muti ur Rehman  
Published: December 2020

Without practical performance of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) it is merely impossible for anyone to understand the Holy Quran. It was his primary function to explain the meaning of Qur’anic verses and to set a concrete example for Muslims, therefore the Ahadith of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) are certainly the second basic source in Islam. Muslim scholars classified the traditions of Holy Prophet (ﷺ) into three types; sayings, deeds, and consent of the Prophet (ﷺ). Hadith Taqreeri is the kind of Hadith in which the silence of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is mentioned when his compa-nions did something or said something in his presence and he refrains from condemning it. His silence in this context reveals to us the legal ruling of that saying or action. In this article I want to elaborate this kind of Hadith, its importance and its legal status in Islam.
سیرت نبوی ﷺ ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
Authors: Tariq Ali Shah  , Dr. Abdul Qadoos  
Published: December 2020

Prophet Hood consists of guidance from Allah to humankind. It is a Allah given blessing and a favor that is bestowed on an individual chosen be Him to convey His message, which cannot be acquired or earned otherwise. There has never been a human being so well-respected, loved and followed as Muhammad (SAW), the final messenger of Allah. There has never been a person who has changed world history so dramatically as Muhammad (SAW) and his message. The Prophet (SAW) was the single most important person in the history of the world. Knowledge of the Prophetic Biography is necessary for every Muslim and sharing it with everyone is a responsibility. The importance of a complete biography of the Messenger as available to us cannot be under estimated in this troubled time since both Muslims as well as Non-Muslims have serious knowledge gap when it comes to even approaching the nature of the Final Prophet and the Ultimate Messenger of God sent to all of humanity, who came to restore the primordial religion of Man, the submission to Allah and His Commands. Muhammad (SAW) serves as: - Allah’s messenger and prophet to all mankind as an example of human behavior and noble character Therefore, in studying his life-story we should derive lessons and morals that can help us in our lives today.
انسانی معاشرہ کے باہمی تعلقات پر مبنی مذہبی ہم آہنگی کے نبوی اصول
Authors: Hayat Dr. Munazzah 
Published: December 2020

All the teachings revealed in the preceding Holy books before Holy Prophet assumed prophethood were elaborated by the Prophet’s lifestyle. Prophet’s (SAW) Sunnah is a living interpretation for all the good deeds inscribed in the Holy books.Ethics is the core belief that was common among all the religions. Therefore, it is not surprising that all the prophets, including the first Prophet Hazrat Adam till the seal of prophets, Prophet Muhammad, preached truth ,justice, and equality.In the present day, arrogance, income inequality, social categorizations, violence and intolerance are the main reasons for the downfall of a society.Prophet Muhammad advised against haughtiness and arrogance from his time. He preached equality and also forbade arrogance while also stating that divisions among the humans should be minimizes in order to maintain peace. In the present day, religious violence and intolerance is the reason for corruption and dissension. During his lifetime when the Muslim community was formed, Prophet demonstrated that for a peaceful society, it was extremely essential to be receptive, tolerant and generous towards Non-Muslims while also giving the non-Muslims the freedom to practice their own religions freely.The following article analyses the basic factors that play an important role in the formation of a peaceful and harmonious society in the light of Seert un Nabi.
Information Management from the Interpretation of Al-Quran: Study on Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan
Authors: Dr. Mohd Sholeh Sheh Yusuff  , Dr. Yusuf Haji-Othman  
Published: December 2020

The development of works in the field of Quranic interpretation has grown rapidly in this age. The work in this field has been written in various major languages of the world such as Arabic, English and Malay. The resulting works contain a lot of information quoted from the works written by previous authors. For example, the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan written by Muhammad Said Omar contains a lot of information quoted from Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Baydawi and Tafsir al-Jamal. Nevertheless, this study found that the information was widely quoted by the author until there was an inaccurate information being referred to by him. Therefore, a method or system should be practiced so that the information contained in the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan can be managed well as well as avoid the mistakes of readers. One way to manage these resources is to identify the original work referred to by the author. The analysis of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan used the genetic approach which was published by Goldman in studying the origin of the resources. This study referred the text from Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan and the texts of works that became author's references, which are Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Tafsir al-Tha’labi, and made a comparison of the texts to detect the similarities and differences. The result of the analysis proved that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id implemented five methods; which are quoting the text in parallel, writing an abstract, removal of some of the words, adding explan-ation, and refuting part of the text. This study also revealed the purpose of Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id while creating his work is to strengthen the translations written. Thus, he successfully strengthens translation when the contents of the text are parallel to the reference. However, in certain places existed a text from the author's references contradicts with the content of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, which failed his attempt to strengthen the translation in certain part of the text.
Key words: , , .
"الدر المنثور"کے سورۃ فاتحہ کی تفسیر میں وارد اسرائیلیات اور موضوعات کا تحقیقی جائزہ
Authors: Aziz Ahmad  , Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Sani  
Published: December 2020

Tafsir bi-al-ma'thur is of the significant importance in Tafsir because the translator explains verses from Quran, Hadith, words of companions of the Prophet (sahaba) and successors to the Holy prophet's companions(Tabiun). Among those Tafsir one is written by Allama Sayuti titled ‘Addur ul Mansor fi Tafsir bil Masoor’ which is the paramount treasure of Ahadith and narrations (athar). But Allama Sayuti hasn’t provided the sources of these Ahadith and narrations (athar). Although he mentions those books which have complete sources available. The reason is that the upcoming researchers have this facility to further do research work on it. That’s why Allama Sayuti is not that much credible like others in collecting Ahadith. Due to this reason his collection of Ahadith is an amalgamation of credible and uncredible ahadith. Because of the aforementioned reasons in current era a common reader can’t understand the credibility of any ahahdith without the sources given. Due to these reasons in this Tafsir fabricated ahadith available in atfsir of Surah e Fateha are separated and researched again. In this research the sources of those fabricated Ahadith are investigated and explained their credibility.
دراسۃ عروضیۃ لشعر ابی بکر الصدیق رضی اللہ عنہ
Authors: Dr. Iftikhar Ahmed  , Dr. Imrana Shahzadi  
Published: December 2020

Poetry was given very high status and supreme honor in Arabic civilization. Poets were known as pride of their tribes. This talent was used in battles to defeat their enemies. Through poetry the used to show tribal identity, triumph, work, bravery bounty and honor. Poets also depicted their personal Qualities caliber, characteristics and achievement. After advent of Islam topics of the poetry were modified, but the importance of poets and poetry was not pared down. Prophet of Islam (PBUH) expressed his approved for poetry and admired their disciples for their poetic talent. Rashidun Caliphs were not poets in its real meanings, but their talent of poetry cannot be denied. Their brilliance and artistry in poetry was very luxurious and impression. Hazart Abu Bakar, for example had literary qualities. His study of compendium or dewan shows that his technicality of poetry was exactly according to the Arab norms. His verses were on line with parameters of poetry. This article presents some specimen of Hazrat Abu Bakar’s poetry as a proof that he was very Qadir-ul-Kalam poet.
La Convención Interamericana de Expertos para la protección de los Derechos de Autor y las Legislaciones Americanas
Authors: Maticorena Estrada Enrique 
Published: December 2020

Comparación entre lo estipulado en la Convención Interamericana sobre el Derecho de Autor en las obras literarias, científicas y artísticas suscrita en Washington y las legislaciones de los países americanos sobre la materia.
Así, veremos cuáles son las obras que se protegen; lo que dicen las legislaciones de esta protección, y los requisitos que se establecen para gozar de ella.