bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Up-regulated microRNA-33b inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition in gallbladder cancer through down-regulating CROCC
Authors: Xu Guohui , Wei Xiaoyong , Tu Qiang , Zhou Cuncai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but fatal gastrointestinal tumor. The microRNA-33b (miR-33b), a member of miR-33 family, is reported to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Notably, miR-33 was predicted to target CROCC based on microarray-based analysis. Hereby, we aimed to characterize the effect of miR-33b on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBC and the potential mechanism involved with the regulation of CROCC. In GBC cell lines, miR-33b expressed at low levels, and CROCC expressed at high levels, with enhanced EMT process. To further examine the specific mechanism of miR-33b and CROCC in GBC, the GBC cells were treated with the miR-33b mimic/inhibitor or siRNA-CROCC to assess the expression alteration of EMT-related genes and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-33b was verified to target and down-regulate the expression of CROCC. The miR-33b up-regulation or CROCC silencing was observed to increase the level of E-cadherin but decrease the levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin, corresponding to impeded cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and tumor growth. The findings suggest that miR-33b up-regulation hinders GBC development through down-regulating CROCC, which was achieved by inhibition of EMT. The present study may provide an insight on a novel target for GBC treatment.
Relationship between the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and renal Kir5.1 channels
Authors: Manis Anna D. , Palygin Oleg , Khedr Sherif , Levchenko Vladislav , Hodges Matthew R. , Staruschenko Alexander 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Kir5.1 (encoded by the Kcnj16 gene) is an inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channel highly expressed in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron of the kidney, where it forms a functional channel with Kir4.1. Kir4.1/Kir5.1 channels are responsible for setting the transepithelial voltage in the distal nephron and collecting ducts and are thereby major determinants of fluid and electrolyte distribution. These channels contribute to renal blood pressure control and have been implicated in salt-sensitive hypertension. However, mechanisms pertaining to the impact of K ir4.1/Kir5.1-mediated K+ transport on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) remain unclear. Herein, we utilized a knockout of Kcnj16 in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat (SSKcnj16-/-) to investigate the relationship between Kir5.1 and RAAS balance and function in the sensitivity of blood pressure to the dietary Na+/K+ ratio. The knockout of Kcnj16 caused substantial elevations in plasma RAAS hormones (aldosterone and angiotensin peptides) and altered the RAAS response to changing the dietary Na+/K+ ratio. Blocking aldosterone with spironolactone caused rapid mortality in SSKcnj16-/- rats. Supplementation of the diet with high K+ was protective against mortality resulting from aldosterone-mediated mechanisms. Captopril and losartan treatment had no effect on the survival of SSKcnj16-/- rats. However, neither of these drugs prevented mortality of SSKcnj16-/- rats when switched to high Na+ diet. These studies revealed that the knockout of Kcnj16 markedly altered RAAS regulation and function, suggesting Kir5.1 as a key regulator of the RAAS, particularly when exposed to changes in dietary sodium and potassium content.
Evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of environmental management in construction
Authors: Bespalov Vadim , Kushnarenko Tatyana , Paramonova Oksana 
Published: December 2019

In the way of thinking of a modern man we are seeing a paradigm shift, namely, there is a gradual shift in priorities: ecological ones become primary, and economic – ones secondary. Progressive mankind more often pays attention to the preservation of natural resources, to environment purity, thereby trying to find the optimal ratio in solving environmental and economic issues. Analyzing the modern development of the sectors of the world national economy, we observe the prolonged dominance of economic priorities over environmental ones, which, in turn, cannot but negatively affect the state of the flora and fauna of our planet. These circumstances create, strange as it may seem, positive conditions for accelerating the creation of economic mechanisms for environmental protection aimed at reducing the anthropogenic impact of various factors on the environment. The economic efficiency of this activity is expressed through the prevented damage from environmental pollution. Construction is a branch of national economy which is always associated with interference in the environment; therefore, assessing the environmental and economic effectiveness of environmental protection activities, observing environmental	protection measures	is very important for this industry and society as a whole.
Lückenschluss im Unterkiefer durch Hemisektion der 2. Milchmolaren
Authors: Glockengießer Jörg 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungBei Nichtanlagen im Unterkiefer müssen sich Behandler und Patient zwischen einem Lückenschluss, einer (implantat)-prothetischen Versorgung oder dem Belassen des Milchzahnes entscheiden. Es bestehen für jede Art der Versorgung Vor- und Nachteile, die in der kieferorthopädischen Literatur seit Jahrzehnten gegeneinander abgewogen werden. Fällt die Entscheidung zu Gunsten eines Lückenschlusses aus, besteht die Möglichkeit, diesen durch frühzeitige Hemisektion des 2. Milchmolars zu erleichtern und die Dauer der späteren Multibrackettherapie zu reduzieren. Der Artikel beschreibt die Methode und verdeutlicht wichtige anhand eines klinischen Beispiels.
Ernährung bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Fiederling Ute 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Ernährung zielt bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) nicht ausschließlich auf eine ausreichende Nährstoffversorgung, sondern stellt darüber hinaus, gemeinsam mit Bewegung, die Therapiegrundlage dar 1. Dabei werden meist umfangreiche Empfehlungen bezüglich der Makronährstoffe gegeben (s. Heft 3–2019), während Mikronährstoffe häufig weniger Beachtung finden.
Verumontanum-Mukosahyperplasie als Differenzialdiagnose eines Lokalrezidivs nach radikaler Prostatektomie
Authors: Drosos K. , Köhler G. , Hofmann I. , Kälble T. 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungEine Verumontanum-Mukosahyperplasie (VMGH) ist eine benigne mikroazinäre proliferative Läsion, die ausschließlich im Verumontanum und in der posterioren Urethra auftritt und die zu den pseudoneoplastischen Imitatoren eines „low risk“ azinären Adenokarzinoms der Prostata zählt. Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 72-jährigen Patienten, bei dem 5 Jahre nach radikaler Prostatektomie wegen Adenokarzinom der Prostata pT2c pN0 cM0 R0, Gleason-Score: 3 + 3 = 6 der bildmorphologische Verdacht eines PSA-negativen Lokalrezidivs 3 × 2 cm im ehemaligen Prostatabett erhoben wurde. Das klinische Bild in Zusammenhang mit der histologischen Diagnostik führten zur Diagnose einer VMGH. Die VMGH ist eine kaum bekannte Differenzialdiagnose zum Lokalrezidiv eines Prostatakarzinoms bei einem PSA im Nullbereich, deren klinisches Bild dargestellt werden soll.
Varikozele im Jugendalter, wenn ja, wann und wie? Kontra OP
Authors: Kliesch Sabine 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie verfügbaren Indikatoren, die eine Therapie der Varikozele beim Adoleszenten rechtfertigen sollen, sind unzureichend: Das Hodenvolumen ist als störanfälliger Messparameter variabel, eine Hodenvolumendifferenz kann physiologisch sein; Hodenvolumen und Samenparameter unterliegen der pubertären Entwicklung. Beide Parameter sollten von daher prospektiv und zu mehreren Zeitpunkten gemessen werden, um eine klare Aussage im Hinblick auf eine mögliche Funktionseinschränkung der Hoden durch eine Varikozele treffen zu können. Nahezu unbeachtet sind endokrine Parameter der Hodenentwicklung, die möglicherweise pathologische Abweichungen anzeigen könnten. Völlig unklar ist der postulierte positive Effekt auf die spätere Fertilität der Betroffenen im Erwachsenenalter: Die wenigen vorliegenden Studien können nicht zeigen, dass eine effektive Prävention einer späteren Fertilitätseinschränkung durch eine frühzeitige Therapie der Varikozele beim Jugendlichen möglich ist. Aus diesen Gründen müssen Risiken und Nutzen der Therapie sorgfältig abgewogen werden. Eine evidenzgesicherte Empfehlung zur Intervention beim Jugendlichen lässt sich aus der aktuellen Datenlage nicht ableiten.
Gesunde Kinder durch Hydrotherapie nach Kneipp
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie naturheilkundliche Behandlung von Kindern mit Phytotherapeutika, Homöopathika und mikrobiologischen Präparaten ist vielen geläufig und wird entsprechend oft angewendet. Teils aus Unkenntnis, teils unter der Annahme, es sei umständlich oder schwierig, sind hydrotherapeutische Maßnahmen dagegen eher wenig verbreitet. Außer Hals- und Wadenwickeln und ggf. Inhalationen werden hydrotherapeutische Anwendungen kaum durchgeführt. Dabei lohnen sich physikalische Anwendungen gerade bei Kindern aufgrund der besseren Regulationsfähigkeit und Selbstheilungskräfte.
Mortui vivos docent [The dead teach the living]
Authors: Pidvalna Uliana , Mateshuk-Vatseba Lesya 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMedical museums are a record of the history of the medical thought processes. The Anatomical museum of the Department of Normal Anatomy located in the Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University was founded in 1894 by Professor Henryk Kadyi (1851–1912). The museum includes a number of unique objects and displays > 2,000 specimens. These medical artifacts include both normal anatomy and malformed artifacts. The museum is divided into three sections that are arranged according to the systems of the body and a method of preparing specimens. The vast array of preserved specimens represents comparative, developmental, gender, systemic, dynamic, plastic, and descriptive anatomy. Besides the Anatomical museum, the historical treasure is the Anatomical Theater, the oldest auditorium at the Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University that preserved its authenticity. These educational places teach us not only about morphology, but also help us appreciate the beauty of the human body.
Rare Case of Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Oropharynx
Authors: Goel Sajal , Mittal Deepak K. , Sharma Pankaj , Khurana Nita 
Published: December 2019

Introduction Pleomorphic sarcoma is the commonest soft tissue sarcoma of adult life. Less than 10% cases of this disease occur as primary in head and neck region. Although a case of pleomorphic sarcoma of lower extremity with metastasis to base of tongue had been reported earlier, a pleomorphic sarcoma arising from oropharynx is being reported for the first time.
Case Report A 75-year-old male chronic smoker was evaluated for complaints of dysphagia, change in voice, and multiple episodes of oral bleeding. He was found to have a locally advanced pleomorphic sarcoma of oropharynx. He was treated nonsurgically. He showed complete clinical and radiologic response. The disease-free survival is 12 months and overall survival is 74 months.
Conclusion This report highlights the importance of nonsurgical management of a case that would have otherwise needed surgery.
ACL Reconstruction in the Multiple Ligament Injured Knee
Authors: Marx Robert G. , Wolfe Isabel A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMultiple ligament knee injuries are complex and can result from sports injuries or high energy trauma. The proper diagnosis and treatment of multiple ligament knee injuries are essential, and careful evaluation and planning are required to achieve successful outcomes. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in the multiple ligament injured knee is complicated by several factors, necessitating additional technical considerations. Patient selection, surgical timing, graft selection, and surgical technique require consideration specific to the ACL component of these injuries. We present a summary of the current knowledge with respect to the treatment of ACL injuries in the context of the multiple ligament injured knee.
Cardiac MRI in Evaluation of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rani Jyotsna , Ramakrishna Narayanan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy, and is the gold-standard technique in identifying the various etiological factors and differentiating one from the other. It not only helps in identifying the cause but also aids in monitoring the treatment response. The present article reviews the different MRI techniques available, recent advancements, and limitations in technology in the evaluation of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the present-day scenario.
Pressure-induced topological phase transition in noncentrosymmetric elemental tellurium
Authors: Ideue Toshiya , Hirayama Motoaki , Taiko Hiroaki , Takahashi Takanari , Murase Masayuki , Miyake Takashi , Murakami Shuichi , Sasagawa Takao , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Topological Weyl semimetal, which is a gapless semimetallic phase protected by symmetry, generally appears by band gap closing in noncentrosymmetric semiconductors. So far, there have been only a limited number of reports of such a topological phase transition so that many basic aspects have remained unexplored. Here we report potential signatures of the topological phase transition under pressure in elemental tellurium with noncentrosymmetric chiral crystal structure. Our result represents that elemental tellurium can be one of the model systems for the topological phase transition from a semiconductor to a Weyl semimetal, opening the avenue for studying the topological phase transition by the external field and resultant topological properties.
On asymptotic charges in 3D gravity
Authors: Bergshoeff Eric A , Merbis Wout , Townsend Paul K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A variant of the ADT method for the determination of gravitational charges as integrals at infinity is applied to ‘Chern–Simons-like’ theories of 3D gravity, and the result is used to find the mass and angular momentum of the BTZ black hole considered as a solution of a variety of massive 3D gravity field equations. The results agree with many obtained previously by other methods, including our own results for ‘Minimal Massive Gravity’, but they disagree with others, including recently reported results for ‘Exotic Massive Gravity’. We also find the central charges of the asymptotic conformal symmetry algebra for the generic 3D gravity model with AdS vacuum and discuss implications for black hole thermodynamics.
An accurate instrument for emissivity measurements by direct and indirect methods
Authors: Zhu Chengxi , Hobbs Matthew J , Willmott Jon R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Emissivity is a quantity essential to consider when assessing the measurement uncertainty in non-contact temperature measurements. This paper presents a new instrument for measuring emissivity of opaque materials from 200 °C to 450 °C in the spectral range of 2.1 to 2.5 µm. These ranges are ideal for measuring the temperature of metals, such as aluminium, during manufacture or heat-treating processes. The instrument consists of a pair of hemispherical cups coated with Vantablack® and gold respectively, a custom designed radiation thermometer, and a hot plate. This instrument enables both the direct and the indirect methods for measuring emissivity of materials. Use of two identical cups allowed for quantitative analysis of the uncertainty of the instrument to determine the most suitable emissivity measurement range. The expanded uncertainty of the instrument was lower than 0.058 (k  =  2) over the entire measuring temperature range. Studies were undertaken using different materials with emissivities ranging from 0.06 to 1. These included aluminium alloy 6082, stainless steel 304, and HiE-Coat 840M paint. Relative uncertainty analysis indicated that the indirect method was more accurate for measuring low-emissivity materials, whereas the direct method was more suitable for all other materials. Our instrument, with experimentally determined measurement uncertainty, aims to offer accurate emissivity references for use in radiation thermometry applications.
Gravity and warped time—clarifying conceptual confusions in general relativity
Authors: Kersting Magdalena , Toellner Richard , Blair David , Burman Ron 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In recent years, general relativity (GR) and gravitational-wave astronomy have emerged both as active fields of research and as popular topics in physics classrooms. Teachers can choose from an increasing number of modern instructional models to introduce students to relativistic ideas. However, the true potential of an instructional model can only be unleashed if teachers know about its scope and limitations and how the model relates to key concepts of the theory. GR is a conceptually rich theory and many relativistic concepts entail subtleties that often elude non-experts. Building on the recent introduction of a digital warped-time model (Kersting 2019 Phys. Educ. 54 035008), this article identifies three potentially confusing concepts in GR. We present three pedagogical pathways to address these concepts and supplement our considerations with quantitative treatments accessible at the upper secondary school level. By interlacing pedagogical and content-specific perspectives, we aim to support teachers who wish to deepen their knowledge of relativistic phenomena. At the same time, we offer specific instructional strategies to make successful use of the warped-time model. Our perspectives contribute to an on-going re-evaluation of practices in modern physics education that can offer new impetus to the physics teaching community beyond the learning domain of relativity.
Erosion and cathodic arc plasma of Nb–Al cathodes: composite versus intermetallic
Authors: Zöhrer Siegfried , Golizadeh Mehran , Koutná Nikola , Holec David , Anders André , Franz Robert 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Many properties of cathodic arcs from single-element cathodes show a correlation to the cohesive energy of the cathode material. For example, the burning voltage, the erosion rate, or, to a lesser extent, plasma properties like electron temperatures or average ion energy and charge states. For multi-element cathodes, various phases with different cohesive energies can initially be present in the cathode, or form due to arc exposure, complicating the evaluation of such correlations. To test the influence of morphology and phase composition of multi-element cathodes on cathodic arc properties, a Nb–Al cathode model system was used that includes: pure Nb and Al cathodes; intermetallic Nb3Al, Nb2Al and NbAl3 cathodes; and three composite Nb–Al cathodes with atomic ratios corresponding to the stoichiometric ratios of the intermetallic phases. Pulsed cathodic arc plasmas from these cathodes were examined using a mass-per-charge and energy-per-charge analyzer, showing that charge-state-resolved ion energy distributions of plasmas from the intermetallic and corresponding composite cathodes are nearly identical. An examination of converted layers of eroded cathodes using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy indicates the formation of a surface layer with similar phase composition for intermetallic and their corresponding composite cathode types. The average arc voltages do not follow the trend of cohesive energies of Nb, Al and intermetallic Nb–Al phases, which have been calculated using density functional theory. Possible reasons for this effect are discussed based on the current knowledge of multi-element arc cathodes and their arc plasma available in literature.
Magnetostriction of helimagnets in the skyrmion crystal phase
Authors: Wang Shasha , Hu Yangfan , Tang Jin , Wei Wensen , Cong Junzhuang , Sun Young , Du Haifeng , Tian Mingliang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We solve the magnetostriction strains for B20 helimagnets in the skyrmion crystal phase. By taking MnSi as an example, we reproduce its temperature–magnetic field (T–B) phase diagrams within a thermodynamic potential incorporating magnetoelastic interactions. The calculation shows that the normal strain ε
33 undergoes a sudden jump through a conical-skyrmion phase transition at any temperature. The corresponding experimental measurements for MnSi agree quantitatively well with the calculation.
Theoretical investigation of the applicability of the Meservey–Tedrow technique to the surface states of topological insulators
Authors: Götte Matthias , Dahm Thomas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The spin polarization of topological surface states is of high interest for possible applications in spintronics. At present, the only technique capable to measure the surface state spin texture is spin and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SARPES). However, values reported by SARPES differed strongly. An established technique to measure the spin polarization of ferromagnetic materials is the so-called Meservey–Tedrow technique, which is based on spin dependent tunneling from a superconducting electrode to a ferromagnet. Here, we theoretically investigate how the Meservey–Tedrow technique can be adapted to topological insulators. We demonstrate that with a specific device geometry it is possible to determine the in-plane component of the spin polarization of topological surface states. More complex device geometries can access the full momentum dependence of the spin polarization. We also show that it is possible to extract the spin-flip scattering rate of surface electrons with the same devices.
ImPLoc: a multi-instance deep learning model for the prediction of protein subcellular localization based on immunohistochemistry images
Authors: Long Wei , Yang Yang , Shen Hong-Bin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Motivation
The tissue atlas of the human protein atlas (HPA) houses immunohistochemistry (IHC) images visualizing the protein distribution from the tissue level down to the cell level, which provide an important resource to study human spatial proteome. Especially, the protein subcellular localization patterns revealed by these images are helpful for understanding protein functions, and the differential localization analysis across normal and cancer tissues lead to new cancer biomarkers. However, computational tools for processing images in this database are highly underdeveloped. The recognition of the localization patterns suffers from the variation in image quality and the difficulty in detecting microscopic targets.

Results
We propose a deep multi-instance multi-label model, ImPLoc, to predict the subcellular locations from IHC images. In this model, we employ a deep convolutional neural network-based feature extractor to represent image features, and design a multi-head self-attention encoder to aggregate multiple feature vectors for subsequent prediction. We construct a benchmark dataset of 1186 proteins including 7855 images from HPA and 6 subcellular locations. The experimental results show that ImPLoc achieves significant enhancement on the prediction accuracy compared with the current computational methods. We further apply ImPLoc to a test set of 889 proteins with images from both normal and cancer tissues, and obtain 8 differentially localized proteins with a significance level of 0.05.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/yl2019lw/ImPloc.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.