bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive result of Sars‐Cov‐2 in faeces and sputum from discharged patients with COVID‐19 in Yiwu, China
Authors: Li Youjiang , Hu Yingying , Yu Yuanyuan , Zhang Xiaodong , Li Bin , Wu Jianguo , Li Junyu , Wu Yingping , Xia Xiaoping , Tang Huina , Xu Jian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundWith the effective prevention and control of COVID‐19 in China, the number of cured cases has increased significantly. Further monitoring of the disease prognosis and effective control of the “relapse” of the epidemic has become the next focus of work. This study analysed the clinical prognosis of discharged COVID‐19 patients by monitoring their SAR‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid status, which provided a theoretical basis for medical institutions to formulate discharge standards and follow‐up management for COVID‐19 patients.MethodsWe included 13 discharged COVID‐19 patients who were quarantined for 4 weeks at home. The patient's daily clinical signs were recorded and sputum and faecal specimens were regularly sent for detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid.ResultsThe time between initial symptoms and meeting discharge criteria was 18 to 44 days with an average of 25 ± 6 days. The faecal samples of two patients still tested positive after meeting the discharge criteria and the sputum samples of four patients returned positive 5 to 14 days after discharge. The rate of the recurring positive test result in samples from the respiratory system was 31% (4/13).ConclusionUnder the present discharge criteria, the high presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid in faecal and respiratory samples of discharged COVID‐19 patients indicates potential infectivity. Therefore, we suggest that faecal virus nucleic acid should be tested as a routine monitoring index for COVID‐19 and a negative result be added to the criteria. Simultaneously, we should strengthen the regular follow‐up of discharged patients with continuous monitoring of the recurrence of viral nucleic acid.
Bioelectrochemical behaviour of a sequentially added biocatalytic coculture in a microbial fuel cell
Authors: Arkatkar Ambika , Mungray Arvind Kumar , Sharma Preeti 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBacterial isolates Pseudomonas aeruginosa BR, Alcaligenes faecalis SW and Escherichia coli EC from a microbial fuel cell (MFC) were cocultured with each other. The isolates were added in a specific sequence one after the other (two cultures in one reactor). The study helped us conceptualise the synergistic and antagonistic behaviour of bacterial isolates and also emphasised the sequence in which a culture can be introduced in an anode chamber. The coculture conditions were evaluated on the basis of redox activity, electron transfer rate, columbic efficiency, and internal resistances. A good syntropy in terms of power production was found between P. aeruginosa BR and E. coli EC that recorded a power generation of 207.593 ± 1.705 µW/m2. The addition of any culture in any sequence affected the performance of P. aeruginosa BR. This culture when added as a secondary culture in the reactor enhanced the performance of that reactor. The sequence of addition of a culture in a reactor affected the performance in the combinations of (a) P. aeruginosa BR and A. faecalis SW and (b) A. faecalis SW and E. coli EC.
Superb Microvascular Imaging Improves Detection of Vascularity in Indeterminate Renal Masses
Authors: Leong Joon Yau , Wessner Corinne E. , Kramer Michael R. , Forsberg Flemming , Halpern Ethan J. , Lyshchik Andrej , Torkzaban Mehnoosh , Morris Andrew , Byrne Kelly , VanMeter Maris , Trabulsi Edouard J. , Lallas Costas D. , Eisenbrey John R. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesVascular assessment of indeterminate renal masses (iRMs) remains a crucial element of diagnostic imaging, as the presence of blood flow within renal lesions suggests malignancy. We compared the utility of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Tustin, CA), a novel Doppler technique, to standard color Doppler imaging (CDI) and power Doppler imaging (PDI) for the detection of vascularity within iRMs.MethodsPatients undergoing contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) evaluations for iRMs first underwent a renal ultrasound examination with the following modes: CDI, PDI, color Superb Microvascular Imaging (cSMI), and monochrome Superb Microvascular Imaging (mSMI), using an Aplio i800 scanner with an i8CX1 transducer (Canon Medical Systems). After image randomization, each mode was assessed for iRM vascularity by 4 blinded readers on a diagnostic confidence scale of 1 to 5 (5 = most confident). The results were compared to CEUS as the reference standard.ResultsForty‐one patients with 50 lesions met inclusion criteria. Relative to the other 3 modalities, mSMI had the highest sensitivity (63.3%), whereas cSMI had the highest specificity (62.1%). Both cSMI and mSMI also had the highest diagnostic accuracy (0.678 and 0.680, respectively; both P < 0.001) compared to CDI (0.568) and PDI (0.555). Although the reader‐reported confidence interval of mSMI (mean ± SD, 3.6 ± 1.1) was significantly lower than CDI (4.1 ± 1.0) and PDI (4.0 ± 1.0; P < 0.001), the confidence level of cSMI (4.1 ± 0.9) was not (P > 0.173).ConclusionsPreliminary data suggest that SMI is a potentially useful modality in detecting microvasculature in iRMs compared to standard Doppler techniques. Future studies should aim to compare the efficacy of both SMI and CEUS and to assess the ability of SMI to characterize malignancy in iRMs.
Facial Fractures and the National Basketball Association: Epidemiology and Outcomes
Authors: Salehi Parsa P. , Heiser Alyssa , Torabi Sina J. , Azizzadeh Babak , Lee Jonathan , Lee Yan H. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify the epidemiology and impact of facial fractures on player performance and return to play (RTP) in the National Basketball Association (NBA).Study DesignRetrospective case–control seriesMethodsFifty‐three NBA players who sustained facial fractures between 1984 and 2018 were identified. Players with pre‐ and postinjury statistics were included in the performance analysis. A control group was matched by age, body mass index (BMI), position, NBA experience, and player efficiency rating. Fisher exact tests and Student t tests were performed to analyze player demographics and performance variables.ResultsAt the time of injury, the average player's age was 26.17 years, BMI was 24.80 kg/m2, and NBA experience was 4.97 years. Players missed an average of 3.77 games and 18.21 days prior to RTP. Forty‐eight players (90.6%) did RTP the subsequent season, whereas 43 of those players (81.1%) met inclusion criteria for performance analysis. There was no significant change in performance between pre‐ and postinjury seasons. Players managed operatively missed significantly more games (8.15 vs. 1.85; P = .034) and days (51.08 vs. 5.53; P = .003) than players managed nonoperatively, whereas performance was not impacted. Average career length following facial fracture was significantly shorter compared to controls (5.14 vs. 6.42 years; P = .010) and a decrease in three‐pointer percentage (P = .004) was observed.ConclusionsThe majority of players who suffer facial fractures RTP in the NBA and do not experience significant decline in performance following injury. These results should aid physicians caring for basketball players at any level, and may help inform future guidelines for treatment and injury prevention.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 2020
Literature‐guided recommendations for otolaryngologists during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A contemporary review
Authors: Syamal Mausumi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to review the current literature and guidelines on management of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19 or 2019nCoV) with respect to the field of Otolaryngology.DesignContemporary literature review.MethodsSystematic literature review of global medical literature databases and communications were queried to find all available literature recommendations, research, and guidelines applicable to otolaryngologists in the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsGuidance on personal protective equipment, office visits, and surgical scheduling, as well as recommendations for safe airway management and tracheotomy performance during the COVID‐19 pandemic were compiled and interpreted.ConclusionsLittle guidance exists for otolaryngologists who are among the highest risk groups during the rapidly evolving COVID‐19 pandemic. This synthesis and compilation of global resources serve as a building block for further guidance during the epidemic.Level of EvidenceNA.
Management of Advanced Therapies in Parkinson's Disease Patients in Times of Humanitarian Crisis: The COVID‐19 Experience
Authors: Fasano Alfonso , Antonini Angelo , Katzenschlager Regina , Krack Paul , Odin Per , Evans Andrew H. , Foltynie Thomas , Volkmann Jens , Merello Marcelo 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough the COVID‐19 pandemic is affecting a relatively small proportion of the global population, its effects have already reached everyone. The pandemic has the potential to differentially disadvantage chronically ill patients, including those with Parkinson's disease (PD). The first health care reaction has been to limit access to clinics and neurology wards to preserve fragile patients with PD from being infected. In some regions, the shortage of medical staff has also forced movement disorders neurologists to provide care for patients with COVID‐19.ObjectiveTo share the experience of various movement disorder neurologists operating in different world regions and provide a common approach to patients with PD, with a focus on those already on advanced therapies, which may serve as guidance in the current pandemic and for emergency situations that we may face in the future.ConclusionMost of us were unprepared to deal with this condition given that in many health care systems, telemedicine has been only marginally available or only limited to email or telephone contacts. In addition, to ensure sufficient access to intensive care unit beds, most elective procedures (including deep brain stimulation or the initiation of infusion therapies) have been postponed. We all hope there will soon be a time when we will return to more regular hospital schedules. However, we should consider this crisis as an opportunity to change our approach and encourage our hospitals and health care systems to facilitate the remote management of chronic neurological patients, including those with advanced PD.
Can we harness the placebo effect to improve care in lower urinary tract dysfunction? ICI‐RS 2019
Authors: Khullar Vik , Rahnama'i Mohammad S. , Veit‐Rubin Nikolaus , Cardozo Linda , Wein Alan J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe proposal “Can we harness the placebo effect to improve care in lower urinary tract dysfunction?” was discussed at the International Consultation on Incontinence‐Research Society (ICI‐RS) 2019 meeting. The placebo effect can change the treatment outcome whether the treatment is an active treatment or placebo. The total active treatment outcome is a combination of the placebo and the active treatment effect which is seen in placebo‐controlled trials. The placebo effect plays an important role in the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction in overactive bladder, bladder pain syndrome, and stress urinary incontinence. In clinical practice, a number of factors can be employed to use the placebo effect to maximize its effect on patients receiving an active treatment, such as having the same environment for review such as the same appointment time, same room, and same clinician. Clinicians should also be aware of the nocebo effect which is increased with an overemphasis on side effects or negative outcomes.
Intervention study of a foot‐care programme enhancing knowledge and practice among nurses and care workers at in‐home service providers
Authors: Fujii Kashiko , Stolt Minna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the foot‐care educational programme for nurses and care workers at in‐home service providers.DesignA non‐randomized controlled study with random cluster sampling method.MethodsStudy participants were nurses and care workers of 21 in‐home service providers, including home‐visit nursing and care providers, 1‐day care service centres or care centres with rehabilitation programme in Japan. Foot‐care programme with foot‐care tools as a package or standard care comprising 3–5 sessions over 2 months was provided to 110 participants (87 were on analysis). The outcomes were changes in foot‐care knowledge and scores in pre–post interventions. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, t test, logistic regression analysis and ANCOVA.ResultsBefore adjusting for background, total scores of knowledge and practice categories were higher than the baseline in the intervention group (43 participants) compared with the control group (44 participants). After background correction due to potential bias of non‐random cluster sampling, significant between group differences were observed in mean score changes in skin and consultation subscales of the practice category.
Plasma‐activated medium as an innovative anticancer strategy: Insight into its cellular and molecular impact on in vitro leukemia cells
Authors: Turrini Eleonora , Laurita Romolo , Simoncelli Emanuele , Stancampiano Augusto , Catanzaro Elena , Calcabrini Cinzia , Carulli Giovanni , Rousseau Martina , Gherardi Matteo , Maffei Francesca , Cocchi Veronica , Lenzi Monia , Pellicioni Valentina , Hrelia Patrizia , Colombo Vittorio , Fimognari Carmela 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has received attention as a potential anticancer strategy. In this study, culture medium was exposed to a microsecond‐pulsed dielectric barrier discharge jet to produce plasma‐activated medium (PAM). On the T‐lymphoblastic cell line, PAM induced apoptosis through the activation of the intrinsic pathway and inhibited the cell‐cycle progression. The use of the scavengers N‐acetylcysteine or O‐phenantroline significantly decreased the PAM proapoptotic activity. The genetic impact of PAM on TK6 cells was assessed, resulting in an increased micronuclei frequency. PAM exhibited cytotoxic effects even on leukemia cells cultivated in hypoxia, which plays a critical role in promoting chemoresistance. PAM was also tested on normal lymphocytes, showing its partial selectivity. Taken together, these results contribute to understand the pharmacotoxicological profile of CAP.
Analysis of 25‐hydroxy cholecalciferol, immunoglobulin E, and vitamin D receptor single nucleotide polymorphisms (Apa1, Taq1, and Bsm1), among sample of Egyptian children with bronchial asthma: A case‐control study
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed El‐Abd , Hassan Mohammed H. , Toghan Rana , Rashwan Nagwan I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeThe current study aimed to assess the serum levels of vitamin D and immunoglobulin E (IgE) among asthmatic Egyptian children and to find out the possible associations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms with bronchial asthma development.MethodsThe study included 100 Egyptian children, 50 asthmatic children who were comparable with 50 age, sex, and body mass index‐matched, unrelated healthy controls (HCs) clinical assessments of asthmatic children were done using global initiative of asthma. Pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV1/FVC ratio) were performed. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays of serum vitamin D3 and total IgE were done. VDR‐single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI) detection has performed using polymerase chain reaction through restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. The studied SNPs were followed the Hardy Weinberg equation.ResultsThe mean serum level of 25(OH) D3 was significantly lower among asthmatic children (13.46 ng/mL ± 10.50 SD) in comparison to HCs (37.53 ng/mL ± 13. 0.40 SD), P < .05. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 72% of cases with no significant difference in its level regarding asthma control. There was significantly higher IgE level among asthmatic children (99.83 ku/L ± 233.81 SD) versus HCs (7.52 ku/L ± 3.32 SD), P < .05. Asthmatic children were presented more commonly with TaqI t allele (odds ratio [OR], 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28‐3.96; P < .05) and BsmI b allele (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.05‐3.21; P < .05). ApaI a allele was not significantly different among patients versus controls (P > .05). TT + Tt and Bb + bb genotypes were significantly higher among cases versus the controls, P < .05 for all.ConclusionsTaqI and BsmI were associated with risk of bronchial asthma development among Egyptian children. High IgE and Low vitamin D status were frequently occurring among asthmatic children.
Activity and participation in stroke survivors in a low‐income setting: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mwaka‐Rutare Claudel , Perreault Kadija , Abedi‐Mukutenga Pamphyle , Masuga‐Musafiri Willy , Batcho Charles Sèbiyo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo describe patients' activity and participation levels and to compare these levels across different groups of stroke survivors according to their walking speed (WS).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 67 stroke survivors (43 men, mean age: 58.4 ± 12.9 years old) were assessed using the stroke impairment assessment set (SIAS), ACTIVLIM‐Stroke, 10‐m walk test (10MWT), 6‐min walk test (6MWT) and Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI). The sample was afterwards split into three WS sub‐groups (<0.4 m/s, 0.4–0.8 m/s and >0.8 m/s) based on 10MWT scores.ResultsACTIVLIM‐Stroke, 10MWT and 6MWT mean scores (±SD) were, respectively, 69.4 ± 20.2%, 0.9 ± 0.6 m/s and 282.1 ± 182 m. RNLI median score (range) was 5 (0–20). Sub‐group analyses indicated that 26.9% (n = 18) obtained WS < 0.4 m/s, 13.4% (n = 9) WS between 0.4 and 0.8 m/s, and 59.7% (n = 40) WS > 0.8 m/s. Significant differences (p < .001) were found between WS sub‐groups for both activity and participation.ConclusionStroke survivors in Kinshasa presented a good performance for basic‐activities of daily life (basic‐ADLs). However, some of them still had difficulties with some community activities. Differences in WS seemed to discriminate well stroke survivors in terms of activity and participation, since the higher WS, the more they performed in basic‐ADLs, walking distance and participation, and inversely.
Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria: a novel management strategy for Meloidogyne incognita on turfgrass
Authors: Groover Will , Held David , Lawrence Kathy , Carson Kendra 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMeloidogyne spp., root‐knot nematodes, are among the most economically important plant‐parasitic nematodes in turfgrass in the United States. Only a few nematicides are available or efficacious for plant‐parasitic nematodes in turfgrass in the United States, and recent work has demonstrated the potential for microbial control of root‐knot nematodes in field crops. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of 104 plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains isolated from grasses in Alabama against M. incognita in vitro, and their ability to manage plant‐parasitic nematodes in the glasshouse and microplot settings.RESULTSIn vitro mortality ranged from 0.9% to 94.6% by all PGPR strains screened. Ten individual PGPR strains and one three‐strain blend (a total of 13 PGPR strains) were advanced to glasshouse and microplot screening. In the glasshouse, six of the 11 PGPR treatments significantly reduced M. incognita population density, with a few strains also promoting some root growth. In the microplot, five of the 11 PGPR treatments significantly reduced M. incognita population density.CONCLUSIONOf these strains, 11 were identified as Bacillus spp., one as Stenotrophomonas rhizophila and one as Paenibacillus sonchi. Eight of these strains also were found to have nitrogenase activity, and seven had the ability to produce siderophores, showing a potential mechanism for growth promotion. Overall, results indicate that multiple strains of Bacillus spp. and one strain of S. rhizophila have the potential to reduce M. incognita population density and enhance turfgrass root growth. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Strangely attractive: Collaboration and feedback in the field of molecular magnetism
Authors: Goodwin Conrad A. P. , Ortu Fabrizio , Reta Daniel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe fluid synergy between experimentalists and theoreticians has, for decades, led to a deeper understanding of the processes that govern single‐molecule magnets. This approach has allowed for the establishment of proven design criteria for the control of magnetic properties through molecular architecture and the development of new magnetic measurement techniques and innovative computational methodologies. Here, we give an account of the experimental and theoretical joint endeavor carried out as part of the synthesis group led by David Mills and the computational/theoretical team led by Nicholas Chilton, together with colleagues in synthetic f‐element chemistry and magnetism at the University of Manchester. In addition, we provide a personal perspective on collaborative work in molecular magnetism and how such collaborations are essential for advancing the field further.
Construction of Bimetallic Selenides Encapsulated in Nitrogen/Sulfur Co‐Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for High‐Performance Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Half/Full Batteries
Authors: Sun Zhonghui , Wu Xing‐Long , Xu Jianan , Qu Dongyang , Zhao Bolin , Gu Zhenyi , Li Wenhao , Liang Haojie , Gao Lifang , Fan Yingying , Zhou Kai , Han Dongxue , Gan Shiyu , Zhang Yuwei , Niu Li 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetallic selenides have been widely investigated as promising electrode materials for metal‐ion batteries based on their relatively high theoretical capacity. However, rapid capacity decay and structural collapse resulting from the larger‐sized Na+/K+ greatly hamper their application. Herein, a bimetallic selenide (MoSe2/CoSe2) encapsulated in nitrogen, sulfur‐codoped hollow carbon nanospheres interconnected reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO@MCSe) are successfully designed as advanced anode materials for Na/K‐ion batteries. As expected, the significant pseudocapacitive charge storage behavior substantially contributes to superior rate capability. Specifically, it achieves a high reversible specific capacity of 311 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 in NIBs and 310 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 in KIBs. A combination of ex situ X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy tests reveals the phase transition of rGO@MCSe in NIBs/KIBs. Unexpectedly, they show quite different Na+/K+ insertion/extraction reaction mechanisms for both cells, maybe due to more sluggish K+ diffusion kinetics than that of Na+. More significantly, it shows excellent energy storage properties in Na/K‐ion full cells when coupled with Na3V2(PO4)2O2F and PTCDA@450 °C cathodes. This work offers an advanced electrode construction guidance for the development of high‐performance energy storage devices.