bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete puborectalis, puboperinealis muscle and urethral rhabdomyosphincter preservation in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: Anatomical landmarks to achieve early urinary continence
Authors: Laucirica Oscar , Gomez Esther , Hajianfar Ramin , Vilanova Joan C , Muniesa Marta 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo describe our surgical technique of “muscle‐sparing” laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and to review relevant anatomical landmarks during the procedure.MethodsThis was a prospective non‐controlled case series of 120 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, always carried out by the same surgeon (OL). The median follow‐up period was 33 months. Dissection of the puboperinealis and puborectalis muscle consists of the precise dissection of the puborectalis and puboperinealis muscles from the periprostatic fascia. Rhabdomyo‐dissection consists of an approach that spares the external urethral sphincter from the ventral surface of the prostate and membranous urethra. Clinical data were collected in a dedicated database. Intraoperative variables, postoperative complications and outcomes of urinary continence were assessed. A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out.ResultsContinence rates were 70.8%, 83.3% and 92.5%, at 0–2, 3–4 and 5–8 weeks after removal of the urethral catheter, respectively; 96.6% and 98.3% at 6 and 12 months after surgery. The positive surgical margin rate associated with rhabdomyo‐dissection was 8.3%.ConclusionsLaparoscopic radical prostatectomy with dissection of the puboperinealis and puborectalis muscle, and rhabdomyo‐dissection is an oncologically safe procedure, associated with very early recovery urinary continence in most patients. It is a technique that can be applied in most cases, as long as there is no invasion of the ventral side of the prostate.
Predictors of pelvic muscle exercise on the self‐efficacy of women giving birth
Authors: Shin Gisoo , Kim Hye Jin , Kim Miok 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article is a reported of a study of the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and pelvic muscle exercise attitudes as well as effects on the self‐efficacy in childbirth women. Pregnancy and childbirth are normal physiological processes, but their effects on the genitourinary system are great. The enlarged uterus resulting from foetal growth is a major cause of urinary incontinence because it affects the tissues supporting the female pelvis and causes relaxation of the pelvic floor muscle and lower urinary function. A descriptive research study was performed from August to November 2017. Overall, 141 women after childbirth were conducted who living in South Korea. The outcome measure was the lower urinary tract symptoms, attitudes toward pelvic muscle exercise and self‐efficacy for pelvic muscle exercise. In this study, even though the women after childbirth had moderate level of lower urinary tract symptoms, their self‐efficacy for pelvic muscle exercise was low. Also, the gestational diabetes history and exercise duration after birth were identified as variables affecting self‐efficacy for pelvic muscle exercise. The present study showed that nurses should provide knowledge and strategies about pelvic muscle exercise to enhance self‐efficacy for post‐partum women.
E‐cadherin deregulation in breast cancer
Authors: Corso Giovanni , Figueiredo Joana , De Angelis Simone Pietro , Corso Federica , Girardi Antonia , Pereira Joana , Seruca Raquel , Bonanni Bernardo , Carneiro Patricia , Pravettoni Gabriella , Guerini Rocco Elena , Veronesi Paolo , Montagna Giacomo , Sacchini Virgilio , Gandini Sara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractE‐cadherin protein (CDH1 gene) integrity is fundamental to the process of epithelial polarization and differentiation. Deregulation of the E‐cadherin function plays a crucial role in breast cancer metastases, with worse prognosis and shorter overall survival. In this narrative review, we describe the inactivating mechanisms underlying CDH1 gene activity and its possible translation to clinical practice as a prognostic biomarker and as a potential targeted therapy.
Protein disulphide isomerase can predict the clinical prognostic value and contribute to malignant progression in gliomas
Authors: Hu Qing , Huang Kai , Tao Chuming , Zhu Xingen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncreasing evidence from structural and functional studies has indicated that protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) has a critical role in the proliferation, survival and metastasis of several types of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms through which PDI contributes to glioma remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the differential expression of 17 PDI family members was closely related to the different clinicopathological features in gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas data sets. Additionally, four subgroups of gliomas (cluster 1/2/3/4) were identified based on consensus clustering of the PDI gene family. These findings not only demonstrated that a poorer prognosis, higher WHO grade, lower frequency of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation and higher 1p/19q non‐codeletion status were significantly correlated with cluster 4 compared with the other clusters, but also indicated that the malignant progression of glioma was closely correlated with the expression of PDI family members. Moreover, we also constructed an independent prognostic marker that can predict the clinicopathological features of gliomas. Overall, the results indicated that PDI family members may serve as possible diagnostic markers in gliomas.
Assessment of glucosinolate‐derived isothiocyanates as potential natural antifungal compounds against citrus sour rot disease agent Geotrichum citri‐aurantii
Authors: Kara Merve , Soylu Emine Mine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the antifungal effects of six different isothiocyanate (ITCs) compounds (methyl, allyl, butyl, ethyl, benzyl and 2‐phenylethyl ITCs) were investigated to be use against the citrus sour rot disease caused by Geotrichum citri‐aurantii in vitro and semi‐commercial (in vivo) conditions. Antifungal activities of the vapour phases of different ITC compounds were examined on the arthroconidia germination and mycelial growth of G. citri‐aurantii. Mycelial growth of G. citri‐aurantii was inhibited in a concentration‐dependent way. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of benzyl, methyl, allyl and ethyl ITCs on mycelial growth were 0.06, 0.08, 0.10 and 0.10 µl/L, respectively. Arthroconidia germination of G. citri‐aurantii was completely inhibited by benzyl, methyl, allyl and ethyl ITCs at concentrations of 0.05, 0.07, 0.07 and 0.07 µl/L, respectively. Light microscopy observations revealed that the ITC compounds, at completely inhibiting concentrations, caused considerable morphological changes in the fungal hyphae. Under in vivo conditions, the average rotting area caused by G. citri‐arantii was inhibited 100% by ethyl, methyl and allyl ITC compounds at concentrations of 8.0, 12.0 and 12.0 µl/L, respectively. Results suggest that ITC’s may be useful and effective natural antifungal compounds to control the citrus sour rot disease agent.
The effect of health-related information seeking and financial strain on medication nonadherence among patients with diabetes and/or hypertension in central Texas
Authors: Appiah Bernard , Burdine James N , Cummings Shelby , Poudyal Anubhuti , Hutchison Robert W , Forjuoh Samuel N , McLeroy Kenneth R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
To assess self-reported financial strain and persistence in asking treatment- and medication-related questions in relation to medication nonadherence.

Method
Data were analysed from a cross-sectional study of adults with diabetes, hypertension or both in central Texas in 2013. Measures of medication nonadherence in the past 12 months, financial strain and patients' persistence in asking treatment- and medication-related questions were identified. Medication nonadherence resulting from cost, transportation or work was compared with medication nonadherence resulting from other reasons. Binary and multinomial regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with medication nonadherence among the respondents.

Key findings
In the bivariate model, medication nonadherence from any cause was significantly associated with financial strain, not asking questions about treatments or medications, and all demographic characteristics. However, in the multinomial model, medication nonadherence resulting from cost, work or transportation was only associated with not asking medication-related question about financial strain, lack of health insurance, age and gender. This was true for nonadherence resulting from other reasons except that ethnicity was significant while gender was not.

Conclusions
While removing financial strain could aid medication adherence, clinicians should also encourage patients to be persistent in asking questions about their medications until they understand the purpose for taking them. Our findings have implications for empowering patients to be more proactive in enhancing their adherence to medications.
Antisocial Behavior in Soccer Players: Using an Integrated Mediation Model of Personal Control and Social Learning Theory
Authors: Kabiri Saeed , Shadmanfaat Seyyedeh Masoomeh (Shamila) , Smith Hayden , Choi Jaeyong 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveWe aim to explore antisocial behavior in sports using an integrated criminological framework that includes self‐control theory, control balance theory, and social learning theory.MethodsA total of three‐hundred and ninety‐seven (n = 397) professional soccer players in Iran were surveyed.ResultsStructural equation modeling was used to assess these data, with results indicating that antisocial behavior occurs via a process of learning. The concepts of differential associations, differential reinforcement, imitation, and definitions all emerged as important factors in the development of antisocial behaviors.ConclusionWhile prosocial behaviors represent a basic requirement of sports, the presence was antisocial behaviors remains prevalent. The employment of integrated criminological theory can serve as an effective means to measure and explain antisocial behavior using a sample of Iranian soccer players. This study indicates that antisocial behaviors are learned through social interactions and therefore policy remedies must focus on the social dynamics that drive these negative behaviors.
Case report: A kidney transplant patient with mild COVID‐19
Authors: Arpali Emre , Akyollu Basak , Yelken Berna , Tekin Suda , Turkmen Aydin , Kocak Burak 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is currently a pandemic with a mortality rate of 1%‐6% in the general population. However, the mortality rate seems to be significantly higher in elderly patients, especially those hospitalized with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, or coronary artery diseases. Because viral diseases may have atypical presentations in immunosuppressed patients, the course of the disease in the transplant patient population is unknown. Hence, the management of these patients with COVID‐19 is an area of interest, and a unique approach is warranted. Here, we report the clinical features and our treatment approach for a kidney transplant patient with a diagnosis of COVID‐19. We believe that screening protocols for SARS‐Cov‐2 should be re‐evaluated in patients with solid‐organ transplants.
Rates of knee arthroplasty in patients with a history of arthroscopic chondroplasty: results from a retrospective cohort study utilising the National Hospital Episode Statistics for England
Authors: Abram Simon G F , Palmer Antony J R , Judge Andrew , Beard David J , Price Andrew J 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyse the rate of knee arthroplasty in the population of patients with a history of arthroscopic chondroplasty of the knee, in England, over 10 years, with comparison to general population data for patients without a history of chondroplasty.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingEnglish Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data.Participants and interventionsPatients undergoing arthroscopic chondroplasty in England between 2007/2008 and 2016/2017 were identified. Patients undergoing previous arthroscopic knee surgery or simultaneous cruciate ligament reconstruction or microfracture in the same knee were excluded.OutcomesPatients subsequently undergoing a knee arthroplasty in the same knee were identified and mortality-adjusted survival analysis was performed (survival without undergoing knee arthroplasty). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with knee arthroplasty. Relative risk of knee arthroplasty (total or partial) in comparison to the general population was determined.ResultsThrough 2007 to 2017, 157 730 eligible chondroplasty patients were identified. Within 1 year, 5.91% (7984/135 197; 95% CI 5.78 to 6.03) underwent knee arthroplasty and 14.22% (8145/57 267; 95% CI 13.94 to 14.51) within 5 years. Patients aged over 30 years with a history of chondroplasty were 17.32 times (risk ratio; 95% CI 16.81 to 17.84) more likely to undergo arthroplasty than the general population without a history of chondroplasty.ConclusionsPatients with cartilage lesions of the knee, treated with arthroscopic chondroplasty, are at greater risk of subsequent knee arthroplasty than the general population and for a proportion of patients, there is insufficient benefit to prevent the need for knee arthroplasty within 1 to 5 years. These important new data will inform patients of the anticipated outcomes following this procedure. The risk in comparison to non-operative treatment remains unknown and there is an urgent need for a randomised clinical trial in this population.
Prevalence and determinants of anaemia in children aged6–59months in Africa: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Simo Larissa Pone , Agbor Valirie Ndip , AgborNdip Ettamba , Ekaney Domin Sone M , Mbeng Emmanuel Njang , Etombi Christie Linonge , Neba Kilton Nforchu , Kemah Ben-Lawrence Ayong , Mbanya Dora 
Published: April 2020

IntroductionAnaemia, especially in children aged <5 years, is a global health problem disproportionately affecting populations in low-income and middle-income countries. It is associated with high disability and death rates and has a negative effect on development. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of anaemia in children aged 6–59 months residing in Africa.Methods and analysisThis protocol was prepared using the 2015 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Protocols guidelines. Relevant citations will be identified by searching EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Global Medicus Index and African Journals Online from inception to 30 September 2019 with no language restrictions. Two authors will independently screen and select eligible studies for the review. Random-effect meta-analytic methods will be used to pool study-specific estimates and heterogeneity will be assessed and quantified using the χ2test on Cochrane’s Q and I2statistics, respectively. Publication bias will be evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s test. Subgroup analysis and multiple meta-regression using backward elimination will be performed to investigate sources of substantial heterogeneity.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required for this study as it is based on already published data. The findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.
Training in motivational interviewing improves cattle veterinarians’ communication skills for herd health management
Authors: Svensson Catarina , Wickström Hans , Emanuelson Ulf , Bard Alison M , Reyher Kristen K , Forsberg Lars 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundCommunication skills to promote changes in management routines are especially important in veterinary herd health management (VHHM). Motivational interviewing (MI) is a communication methodology shown to be effective in stimulating client behaviour change. This study aimed to evaluate a 6‐month MI‐training programme for veterinarians.MethodsThirty‐eight cattle veterinarians gathered in groups of four to eight at six workshops separated by 3–4 weeks, during which they read literature and practised their skills. MI skills were evaluated before and after training using audio recordings of role‐play conversations with professional actors. Recordings were coded using the MI Treatment Integrity Code (MITI) V.4.2.1. The effect of training was evaluated by 16 regression models. Participants filled in questionnaires about their experiences.ResultsAll participants improved their MI skills after training in at least one parameter and significant improvements were found in all but 3 of the 16 statistically evaluated MITI variables. The mean (25th–75th percentiles) ratings of the veterinarians’ perceived relevance of MI skills in their work was 4.9 (4.0–6.0) and of their satisfaction with the programme was 5.1 (5.0–6.0) on a 6‐point Likert scale.ConclusionsResults show that MI training was perceived to be useful and relevant and successfully improved veterinarians’ communication skills in VHHM.
Paralytic shellfish poisoning and palytoxin poisoning in dogs
Authors: Bates Nicola , Morrison Cassandra , Flaig Leah , Turner Andrew D 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundFatal cases of exposure to paralytic shellfish toxins and palytoxins have occurred in companion animals but are poorly described.MethodsWe describe one case of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and three cases of palytoxin poisoning in dogs.ResultsMild PSP occurred following ingestion of crab while walking on a beach. Analysis confirmed the presence of paralytic shellfish toxins, particularly decarbamoyl saxitoxin, in clinical samples and marine organisms. This case occurred shortly after an outbreak of PSP in dogs on the eastern coast of England. Palytoxin poisoning occurred in a dog after it chewed coral removed from an aquarium. Signs included collapse, hypothermia, bloody diarrhoea and respiratory distress. The dog was euthanised due to rapid deterioration and poor prognosis. Palytoxin was not detected in a premortem blood sample. Two other dogs in a separate incident developed only mild signs (fever and respiratory distress) after suspected exposure to aerosolised palytoxin and recovered within a few hours.ConclusionCases of PSP are episodic and not common in dogs. Cases of palytoxin exposure are reportedly increasing in humans, and there is presumably also an increased risk to pets. There is no specific treatment for PSP or palytoxin poisoning.
How do veterinary students engage when reflecting on their development towards being veterinary surgeons?
Authors: Armitage‐Chan Elizabeth , Reissner Stefanie 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundReflection has been widely acknowledged to contribute to professional development, the ability to manage tension and enhanced resilience. However, many practitioners struggle to reflect productively due to a lack of clarity of what constitutes effective reflection.MethodsTo help develop reflective competence among future professionals, 30 veterinary students’ reflective assignments were analysed by thematic text analysis. Theoretical frameworks were based on published criteria for critical and core reflection.ResultsReflection was described through resources (the tools used), practices (the ways of using these tools) and outcomes (what was achieved). This helped to distinguish simple skills based reflection from higher‐level core reflection. Simple skills‐based reflection was associated with an identity of expert learner: students perceive that their task is to identify a knowledge deficit that can be easily rectified through new learning. Core reflection was associated with students articulating an identity of adaptable professionals: rather than veterinary challenges being resolved simply through application of a body of knowledge, wider complexities of professional practice are recognised, including a need to resolve tension between their own and other stakeholders’ priorities, values and beliefs.ConclusionScaffolding an iterative, cyclical reflection process may support outcomes oriented towards resilience and the management of tension.
A SIMPLE review
Authors: Felizardo M. 
Published: April 2020

The Superheated Instrument for Massive ParticLe searches (SIMPLE) consists of an astroparticle dark matter search experiment with large active mass superheated droplet detectors (SDDs), that are installed at the underground low noise laboratory in France (LSBB). Several factors made the use of SDDs an attractive approach for the detection of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), namely their intrinsic insensitivity to minimally ionizing particles, high fluorine content, low cost and operation at near ambient pressure and temperature. The signal that arises from the droplet phase transition generates a millimetric-sized gas bubble that is recorded by acoustic means. I describe the SIMPLE detectors, their acoustic instrumentation and signal analysis, which generated several science measurements executed through several phases over the last 20 years: the Pilot Phase with an exposure of 0.19 kgd, Phase I with an exposure of 0.42 kgd, Phase II with an exposure of 18.24 kgd and, an intended Phase III with an expected exposure increasing from 100 to 2500 kgd to be executed with a bubble chamber.
Geometrical particles and Legendrian dualities related to null curves
Authors: Wang Chunxiao , Zhou Qingxin , Wang Zhigang 
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we investigate the special properties of geometrical particles with null paths in de Sitter 3-space–time, new Frenet equations and an important invariant associated with null paths are presented. By means of unfolding theory, the local topological structure of the lightlike dual surfaces is revealed. It is found that the lightlike dual surface has some singularities whose types can be determined by the invariant. Based on the theory of Legendrian dualities on pseudospheres and the theory of contact manifolds, it is shown that there exists the [Formula: see text]-dual relationship between the lightlike transversal trajectory of the particle and the lightlike dual surface. In addition, an interesting and important fact mentioned is that the contact of lightlike transversal trajectory with lightcone quadric and the contact of lightlike transversal trajectory with null hyperplane have the same order when they are related to the same type of singularities of the lightlike dual surface.
Defining Identity through Divine Retribution in Tannaitic Judaism
Authors: Zanella Francesco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This essay deals with the notion of divine retribution in Tannaitic literature. It argues that this concept can be used to establish traditions and create identity. After introductory remarks on the different Tannaitic perspectives on divine retribution, the paper focuses on the main features of the Tannaitic idea of divine retribution, exploring the key questions: Why and when does God punish? Why and when does God bestow a reward? Who is supposed to be rewarded, and why? Who will be punished, and why? It then deals with the different uses the Tannaim made of the concept of retribution.
Ehyeh asher Ehyeh and the Tetragrammaton: Between Eternity and Necessary Existence in Saadya, Maimonides, and Abraham Maimonides
Authors: Lobel Diana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Saadya Gaon translates Ehyeh asher Ehyeh into Arabic as “the eternal (beginningless) that will not cease to be.” Abraham Maimonides makes a conceptual identification between Saadya’s interpretation of Ehyeh asher Ehyeh as eternity and the assertion of his father that Ehyeh asher Ehyeh signifies Necessary Existence. Moses Maimonides draws an allusive relationship between Ehyeh asher Ehyeh and the Tetragrammaton, perhaps hinting at a connection between the Tetragrammaton and the root hayah he is hesitant to openly spell out. As his son suggests, Maimonides hints that Ehyeh asher Ehyeh offers an explication of the Tetragrammaton.