bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serious Illness Conversations
Authors: Billie Mary Elizabeth , Letizia MariJo 
Published: May 2020

Purpose/Objectives:
The purpose of this project was to develop, implement, and evaluate an educational program and a serious illness (SI) protocol for a case management team of nurses and social workers to achieve the following: (1) utilize an SI protocol to identify patients with SI; (2) utilize a Serious Illness Structured Communication Guide to elicit these patients' goals and preferences for SI care; and (3) document in the electronic medical record the patients' elicited values and goals using a structured SI documentation template.

Primary Practice Setting and Sample:
Seventeen nurse and 3 social work case managers in an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) in a large health system in a western suburb of Chicago participated in this project. The practice setting was the primary care clinics associated with the health system. Patients eligible for the project met the SI criteria and were part of the organization's ACO or Bundle Payment for Care Improvement program.

Methodology:
Twenty members of the case management staff participated in a 4-hr face-to-face educational program, based in part on Bernacki and Block's (2014) review of best practices related to SI care and communication. Participants completed a pre- and posttest survey of knowledge; self-rated their confidence in conducting SI conversations; and evaluated the educational program. Participants then engaged in the established protocol inclusive of the following: (1) identify patients appropriate for an SI conversation; (2) initiate the SI conversation; and (3) document components of the SI in the electronic medical record.

Findings/Conclusions:

Educational Program: Ninety-five percent of the RN and SW case managers reported that that the educational module objectives were met to a moderate or great extent. One hundred percent of the participants reported that the format to deliver the program was effective, the content of the program was directly relevant to their clinical practice, and they would change their practice because of learning/understanding the content in the program. Educational program pretest scores ranged from 46.2% to 84.6%, with posttest scores ranging from 69.2% to 100%. A paired-samples t test demonstrated a statistically significant increase in posttest scores. Baseline confidence scores ranged from 1 to 4, with postproject confidence scores ranging from 2 to 4. A paired-samples t test demonstrated a statistically significant increase in confidence.

Serious Illness Protocol: The case managers correctly identified 92% of patients who met the established SI identification criteria for this project. In 91.8% of cases, the case managers conducted an SI conversation in adherence to the protocol. In 76% of the cases, documentation about the SI conversation was completed in accordance with the protocol.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Authors: Yttri Janne-Elin , Urfer-Parnas Annick , Parnas Josef 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Recent reviews on auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) advocate a qualitative and interdisciplinary research that not only is limited to single descriptive features, but also involves contextual issues and co-occurring psychopathology. In this study of mainly readmitted patients with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia and experiencing AVH, we performed a qualitative, phenomenologically oriented interview study. The focus was on the beginning of hallucinatory experiences, time to disclosure of the symptom, and the context surrounding the disclosure. We found that on average the patients experiencing AVH for 6.5 years before disclosing the symptom to a psychiatrist. Moreover, the term “voices” was typically appropriated by the patient during his contact with a psychiatric treatment facility. None of the patients considered themselves as being psychotic or severely mentally ill. The AVH in the majority of the patients was associated with other pathological subjective experiences. The significance of these findings is briefly discussed in relation to the concept of insight, diagnosis of psychosis, and early detection.
Decellularized Fetal Matrix Suppresses Fibrotic Gene Expression and Promotes Myogenesis in a Rat Model of Volumetric Muscle Loss
Authors: Wu Young Mimi Y. , Dolivo David M. , Hong Seok J. , Iyer Hari , Mustoe Thomas A. , Galiano Robert D. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Traumatic muscle loss often results in poor functional restoration. Skeletal muscle injuries cannot be repaired without substantial fibrosis and loss of muscle function. Given its regenerative properties, the authors evaluated outcomes of fetal tissue-derived decellularized matrix for skeletal muscle regeneration. The authors hypothesized that fetal matrix would lead to enhanced myogenesis and suppress inflammation and fibrosis.

Methods:
Composite tissue composed of dermis, subcutaneous tissue, and panniculus carnosus was harvested from the trunk of New Zealand White rabbit fetuses on gestational day 24 and from Sprague-Dawley rats on gestational day 18 and neonatal day 3, and decellularized using a sodium dodecyl sulfate–based negative-pressure protocol. Six, 10-mm-diameter, full-thickness rat latissimus dorsi wounds were created for each treatment, matrix was implanted (excluding the defect groups), and the wounds were allowed to heal for 60 days. Analyses were performed to characterize myogenesis, neovascularization, inflammation, and fibrosis at harvest.

Results:
Significant myocyte ingrowth was visualized in both allogeneic and xenogeneic fetal matrix groups compared to neonatal and defect groups based on myosin heavy chain immunofluorescence staining. Microvascular networks were appreciated within all implanted matrices. At day 60, expression of Ccn2, Col1a1, and Ptgs2 were decreased in fetal matrix groups compared to defect. Neonatal matrix-implanted wounds failed to show decreased expression of Col1a1 or Ptgs2, and demonstrated increased expression of Tnf, but also demonstrated a significant reduction in Ccn2 expression.

Conclusions:
Initial studies of fetal matrices demonstrate promise for muscle regeneration in a rat latissimus dorsi model. Further research is necessary to evaluate fetal matrix for future translational use and better understand its effects.
Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Respiratory Failure in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Osho Asishana A. , Moonsamy Philicia , Hibbert Kathryn A. , Shelton Kenneth T. , Trahanas John M. , Attia Rizwan Q. , Bloom Jordan P. , Onwugbufor Michael T. , D’Alessandro David A. , Villavicencio Mauricio A. , Sundt Thoralf M. , Crowley Jerome C. , Raz Yuval , Funamoto Masaki 
Published: May 2020

Summary and Background Data:
VV ECMO can be utilized as an advanced therapy in select patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure refractory to traditional critical care management and optimal mechanical ventilation. Anticipating a need for such therapies during the pandemic, our center created a targeted protocol for ECMO therapy in COVID-19 patients that allows us to provide this life-saving therapy to our sickest patients without overburdening already stretched resources or excessively exposing healthcare staff to infection risk.

Methods:
As a major regional referral program, we used the framework of our well-established ECMO service-line to outline specific team structures, modified patient eligibility criteria, cannulation strategies, and management protocols for the COVID-19 ECMO program.

Results:
During the first month of the COVID-19 outbreak in Massachusetts, 6 patients were placed on VV ECMO for refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure. The median (interquartile range) age was 47 years (43–53) with most patients being male (83%) and obese (67%). All cannulations were performed at the bedside in the intensive care unit in patients who had undergone a trial of rescue therapies for acute respiratory distress syndrome including lung protective ventilation, paralysis, prone positioning, and inhaled nitric oxide. At the time of this report, 83% (5/6) of the patients are still alive with 1 death on ECMO, attributed to hemorrhagic stroke. 67% of patients (4/6) have been successfully decannulated, including 2 that have been successfully extubated and one who was discharged from the hospital. The median duration of VV ECMO therapy for patients who have been decannulated is 12 days (4–18 days).

Conclusions:
This is 1 the first case series describing VV ECMO outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Our initial data suggest that VV ECMO can be successfully utilized in appropriately selected COVID-19 patients with advanced respiratory failure.
Safety and Efficacy of a Disposable Vaginal Device for Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Duenas-Garcia Omar Felipe , Shapiro Robert Edward , Gaccione Peter 
Published: May 2020

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an over-the-counter device for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in females.

Methods
A multicenter, interventional, single-arm study involving 5 different sites was conducted including women diagnosed with symptomatic SUI using a self-inserted pessary device. A 1-week baseline period was followed by a 2-week period of wearing the device. The main outcome of our study was to determine if the device was able to reduce at least 50% the number of leakage events and pad weight.

Results
Across all study sites, 73 subjects were enrolled and 51 completed the study. Efficacy analyses were conducted on the modified intent-to-treat population (n = 48), whereas the safety analysis was conducted on all consented participants. The average pad weight gain was 0.9 g/h at baseline and 0.5 g/h during the treatment phase. The number of leakage episodes per day decreased from 2 at baseline to 0.9 during the treatment phase (P < 0.0001). Seventy-one percent of the study population experienced a more than 50% reduction in leakage volume, leakage episodes, or both. The quality of life scores improved from baseline to posttreatment phase by 4.35 points on average (P < 0.0001). A total of 40 adverse events were recorded, and only 4 subjects withdrew due to adverse events.

Conclusions
The self-deployable pessary device evaluated in this study is an alternative option for women seeking an over-the-counter method to manage symptoms of SUI. Further studies are required to determine the long-term effects and compliance using the device.
Immunologic Complications and Graft Survival in Crohn’s Disease and NOD2 Mutant Non-Crohn’s Disease Adult Recipients Following Intestine Transplantation
Authors: Belyayev Leonid , Hawksworth Jason , Khan Khalid , Kaufman Stuart , Subramanian Sukanya , Kroemer Alexander , Loh Katrina , Girlanda Raffaele , Fishbein Thomas M. , Matsumoto Cal S. 
Published: May 2020

Background.
Despite improved outcomes in the modern era of targeted immunotherapy, intestinal failure and chronic parenteral nutrition remains a significant burden for patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) worldwide. Transplantation is a key component of management when a patient with CD suffers from life-threatening complications of parenteral nutrition. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) mutation is a risk factor for both development of CD and intestinal allograft rejection.

Methods.
A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of intestinal transplants at a single center from 2003 to 2015 was conducted. Eleven adult patients with CD were identified and were compared with 103 adult control recipients. A sub-analysis was performed comparing the 11 CD recipients to the 13 NOD2 mutant non-CD recipients.

Results.
Patient and allograft characteristics were similar between the CD and control recipients. Although overall rejection-free survival was not significantly different, patients with CD suffered from more frequent, earlier, and more severe rejection compared with control patients. The onset, severity, and frequency of rejection was comparable between patients with CD and NOD2 mutant non-CD patients. There was a trend toward lower 5-year allograft survival for CD compared with control recipients (33% versus 63.3%; P = 0.19) and NOD2 mutant non-CD recipients (33% versus 57.14%; P = 0.41).

Conclusions.
Patients with CD remain a challenging population in intestine transplantation, and NOD2 mutant non-CD patients appear to have a similar immunologic phenotype. These high-risk recipients may require specialized immunosuppression protocols and management at experienced transplant centers.
Forty-five years later: the challenge of optimizing assertive community treatment
Authors: Thorning Helle , Dixon Lisa 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of review:
Assertive Community Treatment is an established evidenced based practice that provides intensive community treatment for individuals with severe mental illness with recurrent hospitalizations and/or homelessness. Emerging evidence indicates limitations in its implementation in terms of to the original ACT model and its current relevance.

Recent findings:
Findings from recent studies (2018–2020) reveals challenges with implementation centered around basic implementation activities, such as changes in the psychosocial context of individuals with SMI, clinicians’ abilities to demonstrate competencies with new practices, and ongoing evolution of mental health systems of care worldwide. Intermediary and purveyor organizations (IPO) can provide the infrastructure to support the spread of EBPs while addressing challenges and opportunities. Thus, implementation of ACT can be accomplished when employing a rigorous framework and infrastructure that can synthesize and translate science relevant for practice.

Summary
The relevance of ACT depends on its implementation that is responsive to change. An implementation science-informed approach is key to providing ACT to individuals in the critical space between the hospital and community. With this approach, we can optimize ACT as a service delivery vehicle by careful analysis of how best to furnish and evaluate the latest, most effective and efficient treatments, rehabilitation and support services.
Electrocardiogram Corrected Q-T Interval Predicts Response to Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Depression
Authors: Longpré-Poirier Christophe , Desbeaumes Jodoin Véronique , Miron Jean-Philippe , Fournier-Gosselin Marie-Pierre , Lespérance Paul 
Published: May 2020

Introduction
Recent studies have revealed a possible link between heart rate variability (HRV) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with decreased HRV in MDD compared with healthy subjects. Corrected Q-T interval (QTc) has been suggested to represent an indirect estimate of HRV, as QTc length is inversely correlated to parasympathetic activity in healthy subjects. This retrospective study assessed the ability of QTc length in predicting response to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) treatment in refractory depression.

Methods
We measured QTc length in 19 patients suffering from refractory depression, selected to be implanted with VNS. Correlations were calculated between baseline QTc (preimplantation) and long-term mood response.

Results
Nineteen patients selected for VNS surgery were included in the study. Baseline 28-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were 28.5 ± 6.8 and decreased to 15.1 ± 9.5 at 12 months and 12.4 ± 10.4 at 24 months post-VNS. Among the 19 patients, 53% (10) were responders and 26% (5) were in remission at 12 months. Pretreatment QTc averaged 425.5 ± 22.0. Patients with longer baseline QTc displayed larger improvement, with a significant correlation between mood and QTc values after 12 months (r(18) = −0.526, P = 0.02) and also after 24 months of VNS therapy (r(17) = −0.573, P = 0.016).

Conclusions
The presented analysis showed that increased QTc in patients with MDD might be used as a baseline biomarker for depressive episodes that might respond preferentially to VNS. The link between cardiovagal activity in depression and response to VNS treatment requires further investigation in larger cohorts and randomized controlled trials.
A Comparison of Computerized Versus Pen-and-Paper Cognitive Tests for Monitoring Electroconvulsive Therapy–Related Cognitive Side Effects
Authors: Martin Donel M. , Kumar Divya , Wong Ada , Loo Colleen K. 
Published: May 2020

Objective
Cognitive side effects are a common unintended outcome of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Routine cognitive assessment is important for monitoring patient outcomes, although it can pose challenges in busy clinical settings. Computerized cognitive testing has advantages that can facilitate routine monitoring. This study explored the construct and criterion validity of computerized cognitive testing compared with standard pen-and-paper tests for monitoring cognition in ECT patients.

Methods
The study included 24 participants with major depression who received an acute course of ECT. Cognition was assessed at pretreatment and at posttreatment with 3 computerized tests from the CogState battery (International Shopping List task, One-Card Learning, and One-Back Task) and 3 conceptually matched pen-and-paper–administered neuropsychological tests.

Results
At pretreatment, only performance on the computer-administered test of verbal anterograde memory (International Shopping List task) was significantly correlated with the analogous pen-and-paper measure, whereas the other computerized tests were not. Of the computerized measures, only the International Shopping List task showed significant changes from pretreatment to posttreatment (P < 0.01, Cohen d > 1.0). In contrast, all the pen-and-paper–administered tests showed significant changes from pretreatment to posttreatment (P < 0.01, Cohen d range, 0.8–1.2). Pretreatment to posttreatment cognitive changes on the computerized measures were not correlated with changes on the pen-and-paper–administered tests.

Conclusion
Construct and criterion validity and tolerability varied between the computerized measures. The results highlighted potentially important issues related to the interpretation and utility of computerized tests in this patient population.
The Effect of Pulse Width on Subjective Memory Impairment and Remission Rate 6 Months After Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Tornhamre Elsa , Ekman Carl Johan , Hammar Åsa , Landen Mikael , Lundberg Johan , Nordanskog Pia , Nordenskjöld Axel 
Published: May 2020

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the 0.5-millisecond pulse width with broader brief width stimulus and ultrabrief pulse width stimulus in respect to rates of subjective memory impairment and remission 6 months after completion of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

Methods
This study used data from the Swedish National Quality Register for ECT. Inclusion criteria were bipolar or unipolar depression with or without psychosis, ECT with unilateral electrode placement, and data on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale—Self-Assessment and the memory item of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS-M) before and 6 months after ECT. The primary outcomes were the distributions of patients with a maximum of 10 on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale—Self-Assessment (remission) and a minimum of 2-step worsening in CPRS-M score according to the ECT pulse widths of <0.5, 0.5, and >0.5 millisecond.

Result
This study included 312 patients. The distributions of patients with remission or a minimum of 2-step worsening on the CPRS-M 6 months after completion of ECT showed no significant differences between the 3 pulse width groups. Older age was associated with a significantly higher rate of remission 6 months after ECT.

Conclusions
In this cohort of patients, no support was found for the previous research finding of lower rates of subjective memory disturbances 6 months after ultrabrief pulse width ECT in comparison with brief pulse width ECT. Older age was associated with higher remission rate 6 months after ECT. Large randomized studies are required to exclude the possibility of long-term differential effects between pulse widths.
Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution and Lipometabolic Disturbance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Haohao , Zhu Ye , Shi Liuhua , Rosenberg Andrew , Tao Lixin , Zhou Xingfan , Chen Rui , Wang Ji 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo reveal the chronic effects of air pollutants on lipometabolic disturbance via detectable lipoprotein parameters.Study DesignThis is a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsSeven online databases were searched to conduct a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies examining the relationship between air pollution and lipid parameter levels. Subgroup analysis was additionally carried out for each air pollutant studied.ResultsA total of 2,274 records were retrieved, resulting in 10 studies included in the final quantitative meta-analysis, comprising seven studies in Europe and the United States and three studies in mainland China. Using a random-effect model, the results showed that for each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence increased by 3.31% (95% CI: 2.29%, 8.91%), 2.34% (95% CI: 1.30%, 3.39%),-1.57% (95% CI: −1.85%, −1.28%), and 4.33% (95% CI: 2.69%, 5.98%), respectively; for each 10 μg/m3 increment in PM10, LDL-C, TG, HDL-C levels increased by 5.27% (95% CI: 2.03%, 8.50%), −0.24% (95% CI: −0.95%, −0.47%), and 0.45% (95% CI: −0.57%, 1.47%), respectively; for each 10 μg/m3 increment in NO2, TG and HDL-C levels increased by 4.18% (95% CI: 1.12%, 7.23%) and −0.51% (95% CI: −2.61%, 1.58%), respectively. No significant associations were detected for combinations of air pollutants on lipometabolic disturbance.ConclusionIncreased air pollutant exposure is significantly associated with fluctuation in blood lipid parameter levels, which can be an indicator of the body’s lipometabolic disturbance.
COVID-19 Open Source Data Sets: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Shuja Junaid , Alanazi Eisa , Alasmary Waleed , Alashaikh Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn December 2019, a novel virus named COVID-19 emerged in the city of Wuhan, China. In early 2020, the COVID-19 virus spread in all continents of the world except Antarctica causing widespread infections and deaths due to its contagious characteristics and no medically proven treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic has been termed as the most consequential global crisis after the World Wars. The first line of defense against the COVID-19 spread are the non-pharmaceutical measures like social distancing and personal hygiene. The great pandemic affecting billions of lives economically and socially has motivated the scientific community to come up with solutions based on computer-aided digital technologies for diagnosis, prevention, and estimation of COVID-19. Some of these efforts focus on statistical and Artificial Intelligence-based analysis of the available data concerning COVID-19. All of these scientific efforts necessitate that the data brought to service for the analysis should be open source to promote the extension, validation, and collaboration of the work in the fight against the global pandemic. Our survey is motivated by the open source efforts that can be mainly categorized as(a)COVID-19 diagnosis from CT scans, X-ray images, and cough sounds,(b)COVID-19 case reporting, transmission estimation, and prognosis from epidemiological, demographic, and mobility data,(c)COVID-19 emotional and sentiment analysis from social media, and(d)knowledge-based discovery and semantic analysis from the collection of scholarly articles covering COVID-19. We survey and compare research works in these directions that are accompanied by open source data and code. Future research directions for data-driven COVID-19 research are also debated. We hope that the article will provide the scientific community with an initiative to start open source extensible and transparent research in the collective fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.