bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to facilitate a rapid response system in Japan: a promotion course based on TeamSTEPPS
Authors: Fujiwara Shinsuke , Atagi Kazuaki , Moriyasu Megumi , Naito Takaki , Taneda Kenichiro , Hsu Hsiang‐Chin , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Fujitani Shigeki 
Published: February 2020

AimIn Japan, the number of facilities introducing a rapid response system (RRS) has been increasing. However, many institutions have had unsuccessful implementations. In order to implement RRS smoothly, a plan that meets the needs of each hospital is needed.MethodsRapid response system teams from each hospital, including a physician and staff in charge of medical safety, from the RRS online registry were invited to attend a workshop. The workshop aimed to develop and implement RRS. The course curriculum was based on the Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (TeamSTEPPS) developed in the USA. Participating facilities were required to formulate an RRS introduction plan referring to Kotter’s 8‐step change model to overcome barriers in the implementation of RRS. The change in medical emergency team activations comparing the intervention and control group hospitals was compared.ResultsSixteen institutions were eligible for this study. After participating in the workshop, there was a tendency toward more frequent activation of medical emergency teams in the intervention group (P = 0.075). According to a self‐evaluation from each facility, there is great difficulty in overcoming the 5th step of Kotter’s model (empower people to act the vision).ConclusionThis step‐by‐step evaluation clearly identified a problem with implementation and provided measures for resolution corresponding to each facility. There was a major barrier to overcome the 5th step of Kotter’s model in leading change, which represents the attitude toward implementing RRS in institutions.
Effect of Environment on the Scattering of Electrons by a Junction of Different Topological Materials
Authors: Li Dong‐Xiao , Shao Xiao‐Qiang , Yi Xue‐Xi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe studies of electron transport through a junction of topological materials in the literature so far ignore the coupling of a topological material to its surrounding environment. Here, the dynamics of an open system through a stochastic Hamiltonian are simulated to investigate the influence of the environment on the scattering of electrons by a junction of different topological materials, such as a Dirac–Weyl magnetic junction and a topological insulator. It is found that, although the detrimental effect of the environment is inevitable, the Landauer conductance can be enhanced via adjusting the system–environment coupling strength. This result supplies the possibilty of changing the transport feature of topological materials by modulating the surrounded environment. It is also demonstrated that a non‐Hermitian Hamiltonian can be used to replace the stochastic Hamiltonian for this study, when the system and the environment coupling are weak.
Automated, Accelerated Nanoscale Synthesis of Iminopyrrolidines
Authors: Osipyan Angelina , Shaabani Shabnam , Warmerdam Robert , Shishkina Svitlana V. , Boltz Harry , Dömling Alexander 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMiniaturization and acceleration of synthetic chemistry is an emerging area in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials research and development. Herein, we describe the synthesis of iminopyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid derivatives using chiral glutamine, oxo components, and isocyanide building blocks in an unprecedented Ugi‐3‐component reaction. We used I‐DOT, a positive‐pressure‐based low‐volume and non‐contact dispensing technology to prepare more than 1000 different derivatives in a fully automated fashion. In general, the reaction is stereoselective, proceeds in good yields, and tolerates a wide variety of functional groups. We exemplify a pipeline of fast and efficient nanomole‐scale scouting to millimole‐scale synthesis for the discovery of a useful novel reaction with great scope.
A Hydrolase‐Catalyzed Cyclization Forms the Fused Bicyclic β‐Lactone in Vibralactone
Authors: Feng Ke‐Na , Yang Yan‐Long , Xu Yu‐Xing , Zhang Yue , Feng Tao , Huang Sheng‐Xiong , Liu Ji‐Kai , Zeng Ying 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVibralactone is isolated from the basidiomycete fungus Boreostereum vibrans as one of the strongest lipase inhibitors. Its unusual β‐lactone‐fused bicycle is derived from an aryl ring moiety by an oxidative ring‐expansion prior to an intramolecular cyclization. Herein, we report the discovery of the cyclase VibC which belongs to the α/β‐hydrolase superfamily and is involved in the vibralactone biosynthesis. Biochemical and crystal studies suggest that VibC may catalyze an aldol or an electrocyclic reaction initiated by the Ser‐His‐Asp catalytic triad. For the aldol and pericyclic chemistry in living cells, VibC is a unique hydrolase performing the carbocycle formation of an oxepinone to a fused bicyclic β‐lactone. This presents a naturally occurring, new enzymatic reaction in both aldol and hydrolase (bio)chemistry that will guide future exploitation of these enzymes in synthetic biology for chemical‐diversity expansion of natural products.
Development and characterization of 20 novel EST‐SSR markers for Pteroceltis tatarinowii, a relict tree in China
Authors: Zhang Mengyuan , Zhang Yunyan , Wang Guozheng , Zhou Jingbo , Tian Yongjing , Geng Qifang , Wang Zhongsheng 
Published: February 2020

PremisePteroceltis tatarinowii (Ulmaceae), the only species of the genus Pteroceltis, is an endangered tree in China. Here, novel expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers were developed to illuminate its genetic diversity for conservation and assisted breeding.Methods and ResultsBased on Illumina transcriptome data from P. tatarinowii, a total of 70 EST‐SSR markers were initially designed and tested. Forty‐eight of 70 loci (68.6%) were successfully amplified, of which 20 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to six, and the levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.018 to 0.781 and from 0.023 to 0.702, respectively. Additionally, cross‐amplification was successful for 17 loci in two related species, Ulmus gaussenii and U. chenmoui.ConclusionsThese new EST‐SSR markers are valuable transcriptomic resources for P. tatarinowii and will facilitate population genetics and molecular breeding of this species and its relatives in Ulmaceae.
Circular RNA‐0072309 has antitumor influences in Hep3B cell line by targeting microRNA‐665
Authors: Yu Qiuyun , Dai Jinhua , Shu Ming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLiver cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver and has a high mortality rate. We strived to detect the role and mechanism of circRNA‐0072309 in liver cancer. Hep3B cell line was transfected with pc‐circ and si‐circ for viability, colony formation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion tests, which were individually performed by CCK‐8, colony formation detection, flow cytometry assay, migration and invasion assays. What is more, the luciferase reporter assay was conducted to determine the target relationship between the circRNA‐0072309 and microRNA (miR)‐665. The expression of circRNA‐0072309 was examined by qRT‐PCR. The expression of proteins was examined via western blot. CircRNA‐0072309 was lowly expressed in liver cancer tissues and positively associated with 5‐year survival rate. The viability, colony formation, invasive and migratory ability were inhibited by abundant circRNA‐0072309, which promoted cell apoptosis on the contrary. CircRNA‐0072309 knockdown induced opposite effects, but could not affect apoptosis. Overexpressed miR‐665 in tumor tissues was targeted and negatively controlled by circRNA‐0072309. The PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β‐catenin pathways were inhibited by abundant circRNA‐0072309. miR‐665 overexpression disturbed those effects derived from pc‐circ. The circRNA‐0072309 had antitumor influences in Hep3B cell line through targeting miR‐665 relying on the deactivation of PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β‐catenin pathways.
LncRNA TTN‐AS1 acts as sponge for miR‐15b‐5p to regulate FBXW7 expression in ovarian cancer
Authors: Miao Sheng , Wang Jia , Xuan Lili , Liu Xiaojun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence showed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays crucial roles in regulating various cancer biological behaviors. Titin‐antisense RNA1 (TTN‐AS1) has been reported to have crucial roles in cancers but its role in ovarian cancer remains unknown. The levels of TTN‐AS1, microNRA‐15b‐5p (miR‐15b‐5p), and F‐box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7) in ovarian cancer cells were measured by quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR. Targets for TTN‐AS1 and miR‐15b‐5p were predicted by bioinformatic tools, and validated by luciferase activity reporter assay. Cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell apoptosis were analyzed with cell counting kit‐8 assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. Correlation of TTN‐AS1 and FBXW7 was analyzed at gene expression profiling interactive analysis. TTN‐AS1 was found decreased expression in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. Dual‐luciferase activity validated TTN‐AS1 and FBXW7 shared binding site in miR‐15b‐5p. Functional assays showed TTN‐AS1 overexpression inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation, colony formation but promotes apoptosis. Rescue experiments showed that knockdown of FBXW7 could partially counteracted the effects of TTN‐AS1 overexpression on ovarian cancer cell behaviors. Our results indicated that the TTN‐AS1/miR‐15b‐5p/FBXW7 axis identified in this work could help to identify treatment biomarkers for ovarian cancer.
Studying psychotherapy change in narrative terms: The innovative moments method
Authors: Batista João , Silva Joana , Magalhães Carina , Ferreira Helena , Fernández‐Navarro Pablo , Gonçalves Miguel M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to describe the Innovative Moments (IM) Coding System (IMCS), an idiographic and transtheoretical methodology that allows the identification of IMs—markers of changes in the client's initial maladaptive framework of meaning—throughout psychotherapy. The present study introduces the theoretical background underlying this methodology, along with the main empirical findings resulting from former studies that have applied this tool to clinical data. The IMCS application is also detailed: the coding phases, the training steps and inter‐rater agreement measures. In order to illustrate the application of IM coding, a case study is presented. Although a partial coding was used, the results are in line with previous research. Discussion is centred on the usefulness of the IMCS for the advance of process research in psychotherapy, and the potential use of this methodology in group format.
A criterion for automatic image deconvolution with L0‐norm regularization
Authors: Ahmad Mohamad , Hugelier Siewert , Vitale Raffaele , Eilers Paul , Ruckebusch Cyril 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutomatic penalty adjustment in sparse deconvolution with penalized least squares is required for improved reliability and broader applicability. In sparse deconvolution with an L0‐norm penalty, the latent signal is by nature discontinuous, and the magnitudes of the residuals and sparsity regularization terms are of different order of magnitude. This makes approaches such as generalized cross validation or L‐curve unsuitable in practice. The criterion proposed in this paper is based on the representation of the sum of the normalized residuals and regularization terms (SNT) as a function of the penalty parameter. We observed that the minimum of the SNT corresponds to the optimal value of the penalty parameter. This approach was tested in the context of super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy imaging. Both simulated and real live‐cell images characterized by different complexities and emitter densities were analyzed to assess the performance of the developed optimization strategy and to demonstrate its usefulness over manual tuning.
Unusual Racemization of Tertiary P‐Chiral Ferrocenyl Phosphines
Authors: Popp John , Hanf Schirin , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTertiary phosphines are generally known to withstand inversion under moderate conditions. In this work, a remarkable racemization process of three P‐chiral ferrocenyl phosphines is reported. Subjected to conventional column chromatography as highly enantioenriched compounds, they greatly experienced racemization when collected at the column outlet within minutes. Initially, attention was drawn to this unusual inversion behavior after observing that the superb enantiomeric excess of these ligands (>95 % ee in all cases) was almost lost in their corresponding ruthenium(II) complexes. Successively excluding possible racemization causes, these P‐chiral ferrocenyl phosphines were found to undergo a significant, acid‐catalyzed racemization process at room temperature within a few minutes. This process is mainly observed during standard column chromatography by using conventional silica or alumina, but can also be triggered deliberately by addition of certain acids. Therefore, the stereochemical preservation of P‐chiral phosphines during their purification may per se not always be guaranteed, since column chromatography is the most frequently used technique for purifying such types of compounds.
Realization of an Asymmetric Non‐Aqueous Redox Flow Battery through Molecular Design to Minimize Active Species Crossover and Decomposition
Authors: Shrestha Anuska , Hendriks Koen H. , Sigman Mathew S. , Minteer Shelley D. , Sanford Melanie S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis communication presents a mechanism‐based approach to identify organic electrolytes for non‐aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs). Symmetrical flow cell cycling of a pyridinium anolyte and a cyclopropenium catholyte resulted in extensive capacity fade due to competing decomposition of the pyridinium species. Characterization of this decomposition pathway enabled the rational design of next‐generation anolyte/catholyte pairs with dramatically enhanced cycling performance. Three factors were identified as critical for slowing capacity fade: (1) separating the anolyte–catholyte in an asymmetric flow cell using an anion exchange membrane (AEM); (2) moving from monomeric to oligomeric electrolytes to limit crossover through the AEM; and (3) removing the basic carbonyl moiety from the anolyte to slow the protonation‐induced decomposition pathway. Ultimately, these modifications led to a novel anolyte–catholyte pair that can be cycled in an AEM‐separated asymmetric RFB for 96 h with >95 % capacity retention at an open circuit voltage of 1.57 V.
Agronomic and genetic assessment of terminal drought tolerance in two‐row spring barley
Authors: Gordon Tyler , Wang Rui , Bowman Brian , Klassen Natalie , Wheeler Justin , Bonman J. Michael , Bockelman Harold , Chen Jianli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBarley (Hordeum vulgare L.) ranks fourth in global cereal grain production and is an important crop for animal feed, malting, and human consumption. Identification of two‐row barley germplasm with drought tolerance can increase genetic diversity and facilitate future barley breeding efforts. The present study evaluated 480 two‐row spring barley accessions from the USDA National Small Grains Collection across two years of irrigated and terminal drought trials for grain yield, test weight, protein content, thousand‐kernel weight, and kernel size. Twenty accessions were identified that showed stable high yield, high test weights, and low protein content across trials. An additional 10 accessions were identified with stable high yield, high test weights, and high protein across trials. Genome‐wide association mapping with 6,366 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers revealed 15 drought‐stable genetic loci significantly (false discovery rate‐adjusted P < .05) associated with at least one agronomic trait across and within treatments. One locus, on chromosome 2H between 27.2 and 29.8 Mbp, was significantly associated with heading date, plant height, and kernel size across treatments in this study, and the PPD‐H1 mutation in a previous study. Genetic loci on chromosomes 2H and 3H were significantly associated with increased test weight, and loci on chromosomes 3H and 5H were significantly associated with decreased grain protein content across treatments. Accessions and SNP markers significantly associated with agronomic trait stability across terminal drought and irrigated environments can assist with the development of drought‐tolerant barley germplasm.
Integrating genetic gain and gap analysis to predict improvements in crop productivity
Authors: Cooper Mark , Tang Tom , Gho Carla , Hart Tim , Hammer Graeme , Messina Carlos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA Crop Growth Model (CGM) is used to demonstrate a biophysical framework for predicting grain yield outcomes for Genotype by Environment by Management (G×E×M) scenarios. This required development of a CGM to encode contributions of genetic and environmental determinants of biophysical processes that influence key resource (radiation, water, nutrients) use and yield‐productivity within the context of the target agricultural system. Prediction of water‐driven yield‐productivity of maize for a wide range of G×E×M scenarios in the U.S. corn‐belt is used as a case study to demonstrate applications of the framework. Three experimental evaluations are conducted to test predictions of G×E×M yield expectations derived from the framework: (1) A maize hybrid genetic gain study, (2) A maize yield potential study, and (3) A maize drought study. Examples of convergence between key G×E×M predictions from the CGM and the results of the empirical studies are demonstrated. Potential applications of the prediction framework for design of integrated crop improvement strategies are discussed. The prediction framework opens new opportunities for rapid design and testing of novel crop improvement strategies based on an integrated understanding of G×E×M interactions. Importantly the CGM ensures that the yield predictions for the G×E×M scenarios are grounded in the biophysical properties and limits of predictability for the crop system. The identification and delivery of novel pathways to improved crop productivity can be accelerated through use of the proposed framework to design crop improvement strategies that integrate genetic gains from breeding and crop management strategies that reduce yield gaps.
Improving caching resource management: A pricing economic approach using Cournot, Bertrand, and Stackelberg game models
Authors: Assila Bouchaib , Kobbane Abdellatif , Ben‐Othman Jalel 
Published: February 2020

SummaryOver‐The‐Top broadcasts a huge number of medias that mobile network operators have to manage efficiently before to deliver it to their subscribers. We propose an economic pricing approach to address caching resource management issues in the 5G wireless networks and to overcome limitations in terms of throughput, latency, and reliability. Moreover, we consider this approach based on an oligopolistic multi‐market deducted from Cournot, Stackelberg, and Bertrand models. For simulation purpose, we consider the routing protocol (Ad‐hoc On‐Demand Distance Vector [AODV]) commonly used for the wireless network. We use the NS‐2 package, and we analyze results in terms of End‐to‐End delay representing latency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and normalized network load.
Neural crest and placode roles in formation and patterning of cranial sensory ganglia in lamprey
Authors: Yuan Tian , York Joshua R. , McCauley David W. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryVertebrates possess paired cranial sensory ganglia derived from two embryonic cell populations, neural crest and placodes. Cranial sensory ganglia arose prior to the divergence of jawed and jawless vertebrates, but the developmental mechanisms that facilitated their evolution are unknown. Using gene expression and cell lineage tracing experiments in embryos of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, we find that in the cranial ganglia we targeted, development consists of placode‐derived neuron clusters in the core of ganglia, with neural crest cells mostly surrounding these neuronal clusters. To dissect functional roles of neural crest and placode cell associations in these developing cranial ganglia, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing experiments to target genes critical for the development of each population. Genetic ablation of SoxE2 and FoxD‐A in neural crest cells resulted in differentiated cranial sensory neurons with abnormal morphologies, whereas deletion of DlxB in cranial placodes resulted in near‐total loss of cranial sensory neurons. Taken together, our cell‐lineage, gene expression, and gene editing results suggest that cranial neural crest cells may not be required for cranial ganglia specification but are essential for shaping the morphology of these sensory structures. We propose that the association of neural crest and placodes in the head of early vertebrates was a key step in the organization of neurons and glia into paired sensory ganglia.
In the presence of population structure: From genomics to candidate genes underlying local adaptation
Authors: Price Nicholas , Lopez Lua , Platts Adrian E. , Lasky Jesse R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the genomic signatures, genes, and traits underlying local adaptation of organisms to heterogeneous environments is of central importance to the field evolutionary biology. To identify loci underlying local adaptation, models that combine allelic and environmental variation while controlling for the effects of population structure have emerged as the method of choice. Despite being evaluated in simulation studies, there has not been a thorough investigation of empirical evidence supporting local adaptation across these alleles. To evaluate these methods, we use 875 Arabidopsis thaliana Eurasian accessions and two mixed models (GEMMA and LFMM) to identify candidate SNPs underlying local adaptation to climate. Subsequently, to assess evidence of local adaptation and function among significant SNPs, we examine allele frequency differentiation and recent selection across Eurasian populations, in addition to their distribution along quantitative trait loci (QTL) explaining fitness variation between Italy and Sweden populations and cis‐regulatory/nonsynonymous sites showing significant selective constraint. Our results indicate that significant LFMM/GEMMA SNPs show low allele frequency differentiation and linkage disequilibrium across locally adapted Italy and Sweden populations, in addition to a poor association with fitness QTL peaks (highest logarithm of odds score). Furthermore, when examining derived allele frequencies across the Eurasian range, we find that these SNPs are enriched in low‐frequency variants that show very large climatic differentiation but low levels of linkage disequilibrium. These results suggest that their enrichment along putative functional sites most likely represents deleterious variation that is independent of local adaptation. Among all the genomic signatures examined, only SNPs showing high absolute allele frequency differentiation (AFD) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) between Italy and Sweden populations showed a strong association with fitness QTL peaks and were enriched along selectively constrained cis‐regulatory/nonsynonymous sites. Using these SNPs, we find strong evidence linking flowering time, freezing tolerance, and the abscisic‐acid pathway to local adaptation.