bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes According to Cannula Configurations in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome under Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: a Korean multicenter study
Authors: Lim Sung Yoon , Ahn Soyeon , Hong Sang-Bum , Chung Chi Ryang , Jeon Kyeongman , Lee Sang-Min , Cho Woo Hyun , Park Sunghoon , Cho Young-Jae 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground Recirculation during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is a known drawback that limits sufficient oxygenation. This study aimed to compare the short-term oxygenation and long-term mortality based on cannula configuration in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who receive VV-ECMO, especially in the absence of newly developed double-lumen, single cannula.Methods Data of patients with severe ARDS who received VV-ECMO from 2012–2015 at six hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Primary outcomes were the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ) at 1, 4, and 12 hours after ECMO initiation and 180-day mortality.Results Patients ( n = 354) were divided into two groups based on the return cannula site: femoral vein ( n = 193) or internal jugular vein ( n = 161). Baseline characteristics at admission, including PaO 2 , were similar between the groups. PaO 2 at 1 hour after ECMO initiation was higher in the femoral than in the jugular group (190.3 vs. 160, P = 0.108). No significant increase in PaO 2 occurred at 4 and 12 hours between the groups. PaCO 2 decrement at 4 hours was lower in the jugular than in the femoral group (36.4 vs. 33.7 mmHg, P = 0.009). The two groups did not differ in terms of mortality at 180 days after ECMO, however more cannula related complications occurred in the jugular group.Conclusion Regardless of the cannula configuration, patients with ARDS managed with VV-ECMO showed comparable clinical outcomes in terms of short-term oxygenation and long-term mortality. Nevertheless, further well-designed randomized control trials are warranted.
Brown adipose tissue activity is modulated in olanzapine-treated young rats by simvastatin
Authors: Liu Xuemei , Feng Xiyu , Deng Chao , Liu Lu , Zeng Yanping , Hu Changhua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPrescription of second-generation antipsychotic drugs (SGAs) to childhood/adolescent has exponentially increased in recent years, which was associated with the greater risk of significant sedation, weight gain, and dyslipidemia. Statin is considered a potential preventive and treatment approach for reducing SGA-induced weight gain and dyslipidemia in schizophrenia patients. However, the effect of statin treatment in children and adolescents with SGA-induced dyslipidemia is not clearly demonstrated.MethodsTo investigate the efficacy of interventions of statin aimed at reversing SGA-induced dyslipidemia, young Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were treated orally with either olanzapine (1.0 mg/kg, t.i.d.), simvastatin (3.0 mg/kg, t.i.d.), olanzapine plus simvastatin (O+S), or vehicle (control) for 5 weeks.ResultsOlanzapine treatment increased weight gain, food intake and feeding efficiency compared to the control, while O+S co-treatment significantly reversed body weight gain but had no significant effect on food intake. Moreover, olanzapine treatment induced a slight but significant reduction in body temperature, with a decrease in locomotor activity. Fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels were markedly elevated in the olanzapine-only group, whereas O+S co-treatment significantly ameliorated these changes. A down-regulating of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) expression was observed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the olanzapine-only group, following a significant decrease in the ratio of phosphorylated PKA (p-PKA)/PKA. Interestingly, these protein changes could be reversed by co-treatment with O+B. Our results demonstrated simvastatin to be effective in ameliorating TC and TG elevated by olanzapine.Conclusions﻿Modulation of BAT activity could be a partial mechanism in reducing metabolic side effects caused by SGAs in child and adolescent patients.
Exploring risk factors of pregnancy anxiety: a cross-sectional study from China
Authors: Fu Peipei , Guo Yawei , Xu Shuai , Zhang Yuan , Liu Peng , Hua Xue , Liu Han , Hong Fanzhen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background In recent years, there is a growing tendency for pregnant women suffered from anxiety, which not only affects the health of pregnant women and the development of children, but also poses a serious burden on families and society. However, few studies have focused on the factors that contribute to anxiety during pregnancy, especially among migrants.Methods A total of 400 pregnant women from a tertiary hospital in Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong Province. Anxiety was used as dependent variable based on Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Descriptive statistics were presented and a multi-logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the factors associated with anxiety during pregnancy. STATA 14.2 software was used for analysis.Results The prevalence rate of anxiety in pregnant women is 25.7%. The multi-logistic regression indicates that pregnant women who have longer hospital stay (OR=1.15, p<0.05), who live in rural areas (OR=3.81, p<0.05) and who have pressure during pregnancy (OR=3.98, p<0.05) are more likely to have anxiety. Meanwhile, compared with the lowest income group, group Q2 and Q3 was significantly associated with higher odds of anxiety (OR=1.89, p<0.05; OR=3.37, p<0.05). Those who are local residents (OR=0.59, p<0.59) and who have higher social support points (OR=0.95, p<0.05) are less likely to have anxiety during pregnancy.Conclusions Pregnant women have poor anxiety, and the influencing factors are complex and varied. Therefore, Risk factors such as migrants, living in cities, more life stress, lower family income, longer hospital stays, and less social support should be taken into concern and individualized intervention should be adopted.
Theory, practice, and politics - Policy decision-making process based on epidemiology and public health evidence proved to be feasible in multistage research on blood-borne infections in Poland.
Authors: GĘBSKA-KUCZEROWSKA ANITA , Gajda Robert 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective This study presented a research methodology used to prepare the proposal of assumptions regarding the strategy for preventing blood-borne diseases in Poland. Methods The project was carried out from 18th July to 30th November 2016. The tasks under that project were assigned to an outsourcing company to avoid the tendency in respondents’ answers. The research was divided into three stages. The first stage diagnosed the problem from the perspectives of service providers, practitioners, and epidemiologists – persons who encounter problems related to blood-derivative infections at work. The second stage involved analysis at the level of local and country health policy – the institution of supervision, authorities, and administration through the engagement of experts, and public healthcare specialists. In the third stage, decision makers were interviewed (key representatives– that is, the opinions of leaders were sought) and asked to summarize and define priorities regarding conclusions determined in the earlier phases of the project, i.e., during the first and second stages. Results The final output of the entire project is a list of key problems/challenges and solution proposals associated with medical and nonmedical services that are connected to the breakage of tissue continuity. Conclusions Results composed from the multi-stage survey regarded proposed assumptions for the strategy for the prevention of blood-borne infections in Poland. Statistical data allowed the assessment of the health effects, while the methodology applied also allowed diagnosis of the processes leading to these effects.Funding This study was supported by a Swiss Contribution and Ministry of Health grant (KIK35).
Oral Cavity Swabbing for Diagnosis of Group A Streptococcus: a prospective study
Authors: Adler Limor , Parizade Miriam , Koren Gideon , Yehoshua Ilan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Throat pain is a common complaint in the ambulatory setting. Diagnosis of group A Streptococcus is made with a culture or rapid antigen detection test from the tonsils or the posterior pharyngeal wall, while other areas of the oral cavity are considered unacceptable. The purpose of the study is to compare cultures from the tonsils or posterior pharyngeal wall (throat) with cultures from the oral cavity (mouth). Methods A prospective study conducted in ambulatory care. Eleven family physicians collected 2 swabs (throat and mouth) from 200 consecutive patients who complaint about throat pain. Inclusion criteria were throat pain and Centor Criteria >2. Exclusion criteria were tonsillectomy and age (<3 or >65 years old). Participants were later divided into two groups – pediatrics (3-18 years old) and adults (19-65 year old). Sensitivity and specificity of mouth culture were calculated, with throat culture considered the reference gold standard. Results Between November 2017 and March 2019, 200 swabs were collected (101 adults and 99 children). In the adult group sensitivity of mouth culture was 72.1% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 59.9%-82.3%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 92.7%-89.4%-100%). In the pediatric group sensitivity of mouth culture was 78.3% (95% CI 65.8%-87.9%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 92.5%-100%). Conclusion Our study demonstrated higher sensitivity of mouth culture for GAS than previously published. This finding suggests that areas of the oral cavity that were considered as unacceptable sites for culture of GAS pharyngitis may be considered as acceptable swabbing sites.
Restraint stress induces uterine microenvironment disorder in mice during early pregnancy through the β 2 -AR/cAMP/PKA pathway
Authors: Lu Jiayin , Liu Guanhui , Wang Zixu , Cao Jing , Chen Yaoxing , Dong Yulan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background According to statistics, one in four people worldwide suffers from mental illness, and the probability of a pregnant women experiencing mental illness is much higher than that of others. However, research on the mechanism of female reproductive diseases caused by stress is still incomplete. Methods In our work, a restraint stress model was used to simulate psychological stress. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA were used to explore whether restraint stress causes uterine microenvironment disorders in pregnant females. β 2 -AR agonists and blockers, cAMP agonists, PKA blockers, ERK blockers and NF-κB p65 blockers were used to explore whether stress initiates the β 2 -AR/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in endometrial stromal cells. To analyze the effects of restraint stress and gestational age on the experimental data, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s post hoc test was performed. The difference between control and stressed mice at the same gestational age was evaluated by independent sample t test. Results Restraint stress caused the weight of pregnant mice to be reduced, and the blood glucose and NE levels were increased. Also, the mRNA and protein levels of β 2 -AR, an adrenergic receptor, were increased. The protein level of MMP-9 was decreased, and the protein levels of pERK1/2, Caspase-3 and pNF-κB p65 were increased. In vitro studies showed that after β 2 -AR was activated, the ERK 1/2 and Caspase-3 levels were increased. However, they were decreased when PKA was blocked. The protein level of Caspase-3 was reduced when ERK and NF-κB were blocked. Conclusions Restraint stress induces uterine microenvironment disorder. The β 2 -AR/cAMP/PKA pathway promotes apoptosis and affects the development of the uterus through the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathway, and this may cause embryonic dysplasia. The findings of this study may provide evidence for reproduction under psychological stress.
Comprehensive comparison of immune features between ultra-low and ultra-high mutation burden non-small cell lung cancers
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Duan Zhaojun , Chen Chong , Bai Xiaoyin , Liu Wei , Bu Dechao , Luo Jiancheng , He Yongqun , Yang Xiaolin , Yang Bo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is associated with the formation of tumors and the outcomes of immunotherapy, especially in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to study immune features of NSCLC with different mutation burdens. We performed a comprehensive comparison of immune features, including driver mutations, up- or down-regulated expression of key biological pathways, tumor cell evolution, tumor cell stemness, etiology, and immune cell infiltration, between ultra-low (UL) and ultra-high (UH) TMB NSCLC. Results: Generally, we found that UL-TMB tumors contained a higher proportion of driver mutations and maintained an “immune-desert” tumor microenvironment with reduced effector cell infiltration and increased suppressor cell infiltration. In UH-TMB tumors, the expression levels of cell cycles, DNA replication and mismatch repair pathways were up-regulated. We discovered that UL-TMB tumors had different up-regulated pathways between a denocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Basically, the expression levels of primary bile acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, and drug metabolism pathways were up-regulated in LUAD; however, the expression level of CaM pathway and the PLC-gamma1 signaling pathway were up-regulated in LUSC. Most mutations in UH-TMB tumors occurred in the early stages, while UL-TMB tumors showed the opposite trend. UH-TMB tumors had a relatively high stemness score. Despite the mutations and neo-antigens increasing in UH-TMB tumors, the overall antigen presentation capacity was weak. Conclusions: These results support rational design of therapeutic strategies for NSCLC with different mutation burdens.
Sahaj Samadhi Meditation versus a Health Enhancement Program for depression in chronic pain: protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial and Implementation Evaluation
Authors: Sud Abhimanyu , Nelson Michelle L. A. , Cheng Darren K. , Armas Alana , Foat Kirk , Greiver Michelle , Hosseiny Fardous , Katz Joel , Moineddin Rahim , Mulsant Benoit H. , Newman Ronnie I. , Rivlin Leon , Vasudev Akshya , Upshur Ross 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the high prevalence of comorbid chronic pain and depression, this comorbidity remains understudied. Meditation has demonstrated efficacy for both chronic pain and depression independently, yet there have been few studies examining its effectiveness when both conditions are present concurrently. Furthermore, while meditation is generally accepted as a safe and effective health intervention, little is known about how to implement meditation programs within or alongside the healthcare system. Methods: We will conduct a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation evaluation. To measure effectiveness, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing Sahaj Samadhi Meditation (SSM) versus the Health Enhancement Program (HEP) in 160 people living with chronic pain, clinically significant depressive symptoms, and on long-term opioid therapy. Changes in depressive symptoms will be our primary outcome; pain severity, pain related function, opioid use, and quality of life will be the secondary outcomes. The primary endpoint will be at 12 weeks with a secondary endpoint at 24 weeks to measure sustainability of acute effects. Patients will be recruited from a community-based chronic pain clinic in a large urban centre in Mississauga, Canada. The meditation program will be delivered in the clinical environment where patients normally receive their chronic pain care by certified meditation teachers who are not regulated health care providers. We will use a mixed-methods design using the multi-level framework to understand the implementation of this particular co-location model. Discussion: Results of this hybrid evaluation will add important knowledge about the effectiveness of meditation for managing depressive symptoms in people with chronic pain. The implementation evaluation will inform both effectiveness outcomes and future program development, scalability, and sustainability. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04039568, registered July 31, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04039568
A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Association Between Skin Tags And Vascular Risk Factors In Patients With Severe And Complicated Obesity
Authors: Fang Clarissa Ern Hui , Crowe Catherine , Murphy Annette , O’Donnell Martin , Finucane Francis Martin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: We sought to determine whether the presence of cervical or axillary skin tags was associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in Irish adults with severe obesity. Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients attending our regional bariatric centre. Of 167 patients, 100 (31% male, 37% with type 2 diabetes, 36% on lipid lowering therapy, 41% on antihypertensive therapy) agreed to participate. 85 patients had cervical or axillary tags while 15 had none. Those with any skin tags had higher systolic blood pressure (138.0±16.0 versus 125.1±8.3 mmHg, p=0.003) and higher glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (46.5±13.2 versus 36.8±3.5 mmol/mol, p=0.017). 94.6% of patients with diabetes, compared to 79.4% of those without diabetes had skin tags (p=0.039). 45.8% of patients with skin tags compared to 13.3% with no tags were on antihypertensive therapy (p=0.018). Skin tags were not associated with any differences in lipid profiles. In Irish adults with severe obesity, skin tags are associated with higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c and a higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension, consistent with increased vascular risk, though differences in lipid profiles were not found.
Phylogenetic And Sequence Variability Analyses Of Vp1 Protein Of Foot And Mouth Disease Viruses In Cattle In Amhara Region Of Ethiopia
Authors: Yirgalem Metages , Dawo Fufa , Gizaw Daniel , Mamo Bedaso , Bilata Tsion , Shegu Dereje 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the contagious and the most economically devastating viral diseases caused by the FMD virus. The present study was conducted with the aim of molecular characterization of the FMD virus isolated from outbreaks that occurred in cattle in two different districts of Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. Samples collected from outbreaks were isolated on BHK-21 cell and serotype were detected using antigen detection ELISA. Phylogenetic and amino acid variability analyses of isolated viruses were undertaken after sequencing the VP1 gene in World Reference Laboratory, Pirbright, UK.Result: In the present study only serotypes O was found in the samples analysed using antigen detection ELISA and in 10 out of 13 (76.9%) cultured samples, virus were isolated on BHK-21 cells. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates revealed that, they belonged to East Africa topotype-3 (EA-3) and shared 96.6% nucleotide similarity with Sudan’s isolates. A total of 10.3% amino acid variations were recorded between VP1 gene sequences of the field isolates of serotype O FMDV and vaccine strain (O/ETH/38/2005) used in Ethiopia for vacccine production.Conclusion: The phylogenetic analysis serotype O detected in this study revealed that the virus was clustered with East African topotype-3 (EA-3) and exhibited high genetic similarity with isolates from Sudan. A number of amino acid variations were also noted at different sites of VP1 gene when comparing field isolates with the vaccine strain. Thus, to enhance control of FMD in Ethiopia, detailed molecular analysis of the field isolates along with in-vitro vaccine matching tests need to be undertaken at frequent intervals to assess the protective potential of the vaccine strain in use.
Arthroscopic Remnant-Preserving Anterior Talofibular Ligament Reconstruction does not Improve the Short-term Function of Ankle
Authors: Feng Shi-Ming , Maffulli Nicola , Oliva Francesco , Sun Qing-Qing , Wang Ai-Guo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) reconstruction is a valid treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of preserving and not preserving remnant in ATFL reconstruction, as well as the clinical efficacy.Methods From January 2015 to July 2017, fifty-three admitted remnant-preserving CLAI patients with ATFL injury were prospectively randomized as remnant-preserving group (preservation of ATFL) and non-preserving group (no preservation of ATFL). All patients received anatomic reconstruction of ATFL using the semitendinosus tendon autograft. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Karlsson Ankle Functional Score (KAFS), Anterior Talar Translation (ATT), and ankle proprioceptive recovery in both groups were compared.Results All patients were followed up for at least 2 years, and difference in the follow-up time between two groups was not statistically significant. Differences in VAS, AOFAS, KAFS, ATT and ankle proprioceptive recovery between two groups were not statistically significant.Conclusions Compared with non-remnant-preserving surgery, there are no short-term follow-up differences in postoperative ankle function, stability and proprioceptive recovery when semitendinosus tendon autograft is used to treat CLAI through remnant-preserving ATFL reconstruction.Level of Evidence: Level III, a prospective comparative study.Trial registration: Xuzhou Central Hospital, ZXYY-2015090. Registered 21 November 2014
The effect of vertebrae rotation on the position of the aorta relative to the spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis
Authors: Liang Yan , Xu Shuai , Zhu Zhenqi , Meng Fanqi , Liu Haiying 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose : Few study has been published for quantitative relation of the vertebrae rotation on the position of the aorta relative to spine in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS). Thus, this study was to explore the effect of the vertebrae rotation on the position of the aorta relative to spine in patients with ADS and identify the risk factor of vertebrae rotation. Methods : A retrospective analysis was performed for 71 patients with ADS divided into left scoliosis (LS group, 40cases) and right scoliosis (RS group, 31cases). The two group were well-matched in demographics. Apical vertebrae, Cobb angle (°), coronal displacement and thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) were measured on X-ray. Aorta-vertebrae angle ( α ), aorta-vertebrae distance (d) and rotation angle (γ) for each level of T12-L4 on MRI were obtained within a Cartesian coordinate system. Results : There was no significant difference in apical vertebrae distribution between the LS and RS group, so were Cobb angle and coronal horizontal displacement distance (P˃0.05). There was no significance on mean γ of of apical vertebrae among different levels in LS group (P=0.337) and RS group (P=0.253). Pearson correlation analysis showed γ was a positively correlated to Cobb angle and coronal horizontal displacement distance (P<0.001) in both groups. There was no significant correlation between the γ and α, d, whichever the group (P˃0.05). Coronal movement was the independent risk factor of γ (P=0.003) in LS group while Cobb angle (P=0.001) and coronal horizontal movement (P=0.006) were risk factors in RS group. Conclusion : Vertebral rotation could be calculated by Cobb angle or coronal movement without MRI in ADS. Aorta maintained a relatively normal position in patients with ADS. The surgeons should aware of this to avoid the injury of the aorta.