bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of land plots for the needs of regional transportation network development
Authors: Meller N V , Nekrasova I Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article highlights some issues related to the assessment of land plots for state and municipal needs, taking into account transport costs in the city of Tyumen, in terms of assessing the losses of the owner. It is timely and relevant tostudy the applied aspect of assessing the market value of a land plot in order to justify a compensation payment when withdrawing a land allotment for public needs. The significance of the work lies in obtaining and using results, formulated conclusions and proposals in the practice of calculating the compensation payment.
Development of the transport system in line with a systematic approach: legal opinion
Authors: Miroshnik S , Vlasova T , Duel V 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The relevance of the research topic is caused by the role and importance of transport in human life. The development of integration processes leads to the need to create in the near future a unified transport model of a planetary scale, managed at a fundamentally new level reflecting the digital nature of modern public relations. The object of the study is the social relations that arise in the process of functioning of automobile transport, although many conclusions are fully applicable to the problems of developing a unified transport model that covers all types of vehicles. The purpose of scientific research is to prove that the successful development of the transport model and transport as its component element is possible only from the position of a systematic approach. During the study, dialectical and materialistic, systemic, logical methods were used, as well as methods of interpreting law and forecasting. It is concluded that the reform of the transport model should be carried out through the prism of the meaning of human life. The regulation of relations in society is carried out through a variety of rules of behavior, among which technical norms have gained particular importance in recent years. Life, health, and fate of man depend on their observance or non-observance. Therefore, the development of transport is unthinkable without improving technical standards. The main regulator of behavior is law, the specification of which is faced with many difficulties. Legal support of the transport model is an essential component of its successful functioning. The modern transport model is classified as inorganic. Its transformation from the perspective of a systematic approach, taking into account the need to improve the person himself, social and technical norms, objects, primarily transport and technology, will allow moving to a qualitatively new level - to become organic. Considering the ratio of the transport model and the person, it should be borne in mind that, on the one hand, a person acts as its creator, and on the other - an indispensable element. Therefore, the transformation of transport and the transport model in general into an organic whole is possible only when the person himself, his competence changes.
Semi-permeability of graphene nanodrums in sucrose solution
Authors: Dolleman Robin J , Katan Allard J , van der Zant Herre S J , Steeneken Peter G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Semi-permeable membranes are important elements in water purification and energy generation applications, for which the atomic thickness and strength of graphene can enhance efficiency and permeation rate while maintaining good selectivity. Here, we show that an osmotic pressure difference forms across a suspended graphene membrane as a response to a sucrose concentration difference, providing evidence for its semi-permeability. This osmotic pressure difference is detected via the deflection of the graphene membrane that is measured by atomic force microscopy. Using this technique, the time dependence of this deflection allows us to measure the water permeation rate of a single 3.4 µm diameter graphene membrane. Its value is close to the expected value of a single nanopore in graphene. The method thus allows one to experimentally study the semi-permeability of graphene membranes at the microscale when the leakage rate is minuscule. It can therefore find use in the development of graphene membranes for filtration, and can enable sensors that measure the concentration and composition of solutions.
Recent progress and strategies in photodetectors based on 2D inorganic/organic heterostructures
Authors: Li Hongwei , Dong Zhuo , Zhang Yan , Li Liqiang , Wang Zhongchang , Wang Cong , Zhang Kai , Zhang Han 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) inorganic/organic heterostructures have attracted great attention in the field of optoelectronics due to their unique properties. Comparing with purity organic semiconductors or 2D inorganic heterostructures, the 2D inorganic/organic heterostructure overwhelms the current limitations of photodetectors and provides more opportunities for the optoelectronic field. However, no in-depth reviews on the important progresses, challenges, and optimizing strategies of performance of photodetectors based on 2D inorganic/organic heterostructures are found in literatures to date. Herein, this report firstly introduces unique features of 2D inorganic/organic heterostructures. Then, we sum up the main growing methods according to the technological principle, and the main properties of photodetectors, and summarize the progresses of photodetectors of 2D inorganic-organic heterostructures based on different physical mechanisms (mainly as photovoltaic effect and photoconductive effect). More importantly, this report presents some design strategies for optimizing photodetector performance of 2D inorganic-organic heterostructures, especially introducing 2D organic ultrathin film design strategy. Furthermore, future challenges and opportunities of 2D inorganic-organic heterostructures are highlighted.
Associations of Depressive Symptoms With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality by Race in a Population of Low Socioeconomic Status: A Report From the Southern Community Cohort Study
Authors: Cui Yong , Zheng Wei , Steinwandel Mark , Cai Hui , Sanderson Maureen , Blot William , Shu Xiao-Ou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Depression is a leading cause of disability in the United States, but its impact on mortality rates among racially diverse populations of low socioeconomic status is largely unknown. Using data from the Southern Community Cohort Study, 2002–2015, we prospectively evaluated the associations of depressive symptoms with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 67,781 Black (72.3%) and White (27.7%) adults, a population predominantly with a low socioeconomic status. Baseline depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The median follow-up time was 10.0 years. Multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for death in association with depressive symptoms. Mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms were associated with increased all-cause (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.22; HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29; HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.28, respectively) and cardiovascular disease–associated death (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.44; HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.42; HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.75, respectively) in Whites but not in Blacks (P for interaction &lt; 0.001, for both). Mild, moderate, or severe depressive symptoms were associated with increased rates of external-cause mortality in both races (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.46; HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.61; HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.81, respectively; for all study subjects, P for interaction = 0.48). No association was observed for cancer-associated deaths. Our study showed that the association between depression and death differed by race and cause of death in individuals with a low socioeconomic status.
Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors and COVID-19 Infection or Hospitalization: A Cohort Study
Authors: Dublin Sascha , Walker Rod L , Floyd James S , Shortreed Susan M , Fuller Sharon , Albertson-Junkans Ladia , Harrington Laura B , Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Green Beverly B , Psaty Bruce M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may increase the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or affect disease severity. Prior studies have not examined risks by medication dose.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included people aged ≥18 years enrolled in a US integrated healthcare system for at least 4 months as of 2/29/2020. Current ACEI and ARB use was identified from pharmacy data, and the estimated daily dose was calculated and standardized across medications. COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations were identified through 6/14/2020 from laboratory and hospitalization data. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for race/ethnicity, obesity, and other covariates.

Results
Among 322,044 individuals, 826 developed COVID-19 infection. Among people using ACEI/ARBs, 204/56,105 developed COVID-19 (3.6 per 1,000 individuals) compared with 622/265,939 without ACEI/ARB use (2.3 per 1,000), yielding an adjusted OR of 0.91 (95% CI 0.74–1.12). For use of &lt;1 defined daily dose (DDD) vs. nonuse, the adjusted OR for infection was 0.92 (95% CI 0.66–1.28); for 1 to &lt;2 DDDs, 0.89 (95% CI 0.66–1.19); and for ≥2 DDDs, 0.92 (95% CI 0.72–1.18). The OR was similar for ACEIs and ARBs and in subgroups by age and sex. 26% of people with COVID-19 infection were hospitalized; the adjusted OR for hospitalization in relation to ACEI/ARB use was 0.98 (95% CI 0.63–1.54), and there was no association with dose.

Conclusions
These findings support current recommendations that individuals on these medications continue their use.
Significance of root hairs for plant performance under contrasting field conditions and water deficit
Authors: Marin M , Feeney D S , Brown L K , Naveed M , Ruiz S , Koebernick N , Bengough A G , Hallett P D , Roose T , Puértolas J , Dodd I C , George T S 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsPrevious laboratory studies have suggested selection for root hair traits in future crop breeding to improve resource use efficiency and stress tolerance. However, data on the interplay between root hairs and open-field systems, under contrasting soils and climate conditions, are limited. As such, this study aims to experimentally elucidate some of the impacts that root hairs have on plant performance on a field scale.MethodsA field experiment was set up in Scotland for two consecutive years, under contrasting climate conditions and different soil textures (i.e. clay loam vs. sandy loam). Five barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes exhibiting variation in root hair length and density were used in the study. Root hair length, density and rhizosheath weight were measured at several growth stages, as well as shoot biomass, plant water status, shoot phosphorus (P) accumulation and grain yield.Key ResultsMeasurements of root hair density, length and its correlation with rhizosheath weight highlighted trait robustness in the field under variable environmental conditions, although significant variations were found between soil textures as the growing season progressed. Root hairs did not confer a notable advantage to barley under optimal conditions, but under soil water deficit root hairs enhanced plant water status and stress tolerance resulting in a less negative leaf water potential and lower leaf abscisic acid concentration, while promoting shoot P accumulation. Furthermore, the presence of root hairs did not decrease yield under optimal conditions, while root hairs enhanced yield stability under drought.ConclusionsSelecting for beneficial root hair traits can enhance yield stability without diminishing yield potential, overcoming the breeder’s dilemma of trying to simultaneously enhance both productivity and resilience. Therefore, the maintenance or enhancement of root hairs can represent a key trait for breeding the next generation of crops for improved drought tolerance in relation to climate change.
A Teleneuropsychology Consultation Service Model for Children with Neurodevelopmental and Acquired Disorders Residing in Rural State Regions
Authors: Sherwood Andrea R , MacDonald Beatriz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
Accessing neuropsychological services, which are often centralized in urban regions, poses unique challenges to children and families in rural regions. In 2017, urban neuropsychologists and a pediatrician practicing in a rural region of New Mexico started to develop a teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) consultation service model to efficiently triage and determine a clinical course of action. This pilot project, aimed at expanding clinical access to specialized pediatric services in rural areas, evolved over the course of 2 years prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Method
Providers earned the trust of the local community, gained understanding of pertinent sociocultural factors, and acquired knowledge of the clinical and educational concerns for the children residing in the rural community. The application of a culturally informed approach that highlights the importance of community participation and collaboration steered the decision to implement a TeleNP consultation model. By widening access to neuropsychology, this service helped to determine whether neuropsychological testing procedures were medically indicated.

Results
We summarize the distinct processes that needed to occur at each location to support the implementation of telemedicine. We propose a clinical service decision tree with specific criteria to help guide providers on how to triage cases in order to increase access to specialized healthcare.

Conclusion
The success of implementing a TeleNP consultation service hinges upon ongoing care coordination between providers, clerical staff, patients, and families with clear goals and expectations, maintenance of legal and ethical standards, and development of specific administrative and clinical processes supporting the use of TeleNP.
Can Outpatient Plastic Surgery Be Done Safely During a COVID-19 Surge? Results of a July 2020 Los Angeles Survey and Literature Review
Authors: Teitelbaum Steven , Diaz John , Singer Robert 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
A moratorium was placed on nonurgent surgery throughout much of the United States in mid-March 2020 due to surging numbers of COVID-19 cases. Several months later, and with new safety precautions in place, elective surgery gradually resumed. However, no data exist on the safety of plastic surgery during the pandemic.

Objectives
This aim of this survey was to assess the safety of plastic surgery during the pandemic by quantifying: (1) the preoperative prevalence of SARS-CoV-2; (2) the risk of postoperative COVID-19; (3) outcomes and precious resource utilization for such cases; and (4) the risks to office staff.

Methods
Los Angeles plastic surgeons certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery (ABPS) were sent an online survey in July 2020, during a local COVID-19 surge, querying about the number of procedures performed in the 8- to 10-week period since reopening, testing policies, surgical complications, and cases among staff.

Results
In total, 112 surgeons reported 5633 surgeries since resuming elective surgery. Of these, 103 (91.96%) surgeons obtained a preoperative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for every patient. The preoperative PCR test was positive in 41/5881 (0.69%). Positive tests within 2 weeks postoperation occurred in 7/5380 (0.13%) of surgical patients, 3/8506 (0.04%) of injection patients, and 6/2519 (0.24%) of energy therapy patients. Nine offices reported at least 1 staff member who developed COVID-19. All cases were mild, with no hospitalizations or deaths.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that plastic surgery can be performed safely during a COVID-19 surge by ABPS diplomates. This has profound impact for patients, plastic surgeons, and health policy regulators.
Bright fluorescent nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas12a and poly(thymine) templated copper nanoparticles
Authors: Bogers Janna F M , Berghuis Nicole F , Busker Ruud W , van Booma Angelo , Paauw Armand , van Leeuwen Hans C 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFluorescence-based diagnostic tools are attractive and versatile tests with multiple advantages: ease of use, sensitivity and rapid results. The advent of CRISPR-Cas technology has created new avenues for the development of diagnostic testing tools. In this study, by effectively combining the specific functions of two enzymes, CRISPR-Cas12a and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), we developed a DNA detection assay that generates copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) that are easily visible to the naked eye under UV-light; we named this detection assay Cas12a Activated Nuclease poly-T Reporter Illuminating Particles (CANTRIP). Upon specific target DNA recognition by Cas12a, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reporter oligos with blocked 3′-ends are cut into smaller ssDNA fragments, thereby generating neo 3′-hydroxyl moieties. TdT subsequently elongates these newly formed ssDNA fragments, incorporating only dTTP nucleotides, and these poly(thymine)-tails subsequently function as scaffolds for the formation of CuNPs. These CuNPs produce a bright fluorescent signal upon UV excitation, and thus, this bright orange signal indicates the presence of target DNA, which in this proof-of-concept study consisted of anthrax lethal factor plasmid DNA. CANTRIP, which combines two detection platforms consisting of CRISPR-Cas12a and fluorescent CuNPs into a single reaction, appears to be a robust, low-cost and simple diagnostic tool.
Convalescent Plasma for Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Rogers Ralph , Shehadeh Fadi , Mylona Evangelia K , Rich Josiah , Neill Marguerite , Touzard-Romo Francine , Geffert Sara , Larkin Jerome , Bailey Jeffrey A , Lu Shaolei , Sweeney Joseph , Mylonakis Eleftherios 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear.MethodsIn a matched cohort analysis of hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, the impact of CP treatment on in-hospital mortality was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models, and the impact of CP treatment on time to hospital discharge was assessed using a stratified log-rank analysis.ResultsIn total, 64 patients who received CP a median of 7 days after symptom onset were compared to a matched control group of 177 patients. The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 12.5% and 15.8% in the CP and control groups, respectively (P = .52). There was no significant difference in the risk of in-hospital mortality between the 2 groups (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] .39–2.20). The overall rate of hospital discharge was not significantly different between the 2 groups (rate ratio [RR] 1.28, 95% CI .91–1.81), although there was a significantly increased rate of hospital discharge among patients 65-years-old or greater who received CP (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03–3.36). There was a greater than expected frequency of transfusion reactions in the CP group (2.8% reaction rate observed per unit transfused).ConclusionsWe did not demonstrate a significant difference in risk of mortality or rate of hospital discharge between the CP and control groups. There was a signal for improved outcomes among the elderly, and further adequately powered randomized studies should target this subgroup when assessing the efficacy of CP treatment.
Associations of Plasma Folate and Vitamin B6 With Blood DNA Methylation Age: An Analysis of One-Carbon Metabolites in the VA Normative Aging Study
Authors: Nwanaji-Enwerem Jamaji C , Colicino Elena , Gao Xu , Wang Cuicui , Vokonas Pantel , Boyer Edward W , Baccarelli Andrea A , Schwartz Joel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is an important contributor to aging-related diseases; nevertheless, relationships of one-carbon metabolites with novel DNA methylation-based measures of biological aging remain poorly characterized. We examined relationships of one-carbon metabolites with 3 DNA methylation-based measures of biological aging: DNAmAge, GrimAge, and PhenoAge. We measured plasma levels of 4 common one-carbon metabolites (vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine) in 715 VA Normative Aging Study participants with at least 1 visit between 1999 and 2008 (observations = 1153). DNA methylation age metrics were calculated using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. We utilized Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models adjusted for chronological age, lifestyle factors, age-related diseases, and study visits to determine metabolites important to the aging outcomes. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models allowed for the estimation of the relationships of single metabolites and the cumulative metabolite mixture with methylation age. Log vitamin B6 was selected as important to PhenoAge (β = −1.62 years, 95% CI: −2.28, −0.96). Log folate was selected as important to GrimAge (β = 0.75 years, 95% CI: 0.41, 1.09) and PhenoAge (β = 1.62 years, 95% CI: 0.95, 2.29). Compared to a model where each metabolite in the mixture is set to its 50th percentile, the log cumulative mixture with each metabolite at its 30th (β = −0.13 years, 95% CI: −0.26, −0.005) and 40th percentile (β = −0.06 years, 95% CI: −0.11, −0.005) was associated with decreased GrimAge. Our results provide novel characterizations of the relationships between one-carbon metabolites and DNA methylation age in a human population study. Further research is required to confirm these findings and establish their generalizability.
TRiCoLOR: tandem repeat profiling using whole-genome long-read sequencing data
Authors: Bolognini Davide , Magi Alberto , Benes Vladimir , Korbel Jan O , Rausch Tobias 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Tandem repeat sequences are widespread in the human genome, and their expansions cause multiple repeat-mediated disorders. Genome-wide discovery approaches are needed to fully elucidate their roles in health and disease, but resolving tandem repeat variation accurately remains a challenging task. While traditional mapping-based approaches using short-read data have severe limitations in the size and type of tandem repeats they can resolve, recent third-generation sequencing technologies exhibit substantially higher sequencing error rates, which complicates repeat resolution.

Results
We developed TRiCoLOR, a freely available tool for tandem repeat profiling using error-prone long reads from third-generation sequencing technologies. The method can identify repetitive regions in sequencing data without a prior knowledge of their motifs or locations and resolve repeat multiplicity and period size in a haplotype-specific manner. The tool includes methods to interactively visualize the identified repeats and to trace their Mendelian consistency in pedigrees.

Conclusions
TRiCoLOR demonstrates excellent performance and improved sensitivity and specificity compared with alternative tools on synthetic data. For real human whole-genome sequencing data, TRiCoLOR achieves high validation rates, suggesting its suitability to identify tandem repeat variation in personal genomes.