bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermometry strategy developed based on fluorescence contrast driven by varying excitations in codoped LiNbO3
Authors: Long Siwei , Lin Shaopeng , Ma Decai , Zhu Yunzhong , Li Huashan , Wang Biao 
Published: January 2020

We propose what we believe is a novel optical thermometry strategy (FIR-Ex) based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) between two radiations associated with the same emission peak but different excitation wavelengths, in contrast to the traditional approach (FIR-Em), which depends on the FIR at varying emission wavelengths. The temperature-dependent FIR within the FIR-Ex strategy arises from the different charge/energy evolution routes, rather than the distribution of thermally coupled levels within the FIR-Em strategy. Considerable diversity in thermal behaviors and luminescence mechanisms was demonstrated by analyzing the 618 nm red emission in

Pr

3
+

-doped congruent

LiNbO

3

(Pr:CLN) under 360 and 463 nm excitations. The temperature sensitivity was further improved via

Mg

2
+

codoping due to the optimization of charge dynamics and energy transfer processes. Given its wide detection scope, relatively high absolute sensitivity at low temperature, and high tunability of temperature sensitivity, the FIR-Ex strategy is promising for developing optical temperature-sensing materials with high performance.
Gamification und digitalisierte Verwaltung
Authors: Piasecki Stefan 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung betrifft alle Bereiche moderner Gesellschaften. Sie beeinflusst Bildung, Industrieproduktion, Arbeitsplätze und natürlich auch Freizeitaktivitäten. Ihre Wirkung zeigt sich in einem gewandelten Kommunikationsverhalten, der Ablauforganisation und vielen anderen Bereichen. Internationale Unternehmen waren die Vorreiter der Digitalisierung, aber die öffentliche Verwaltung in Deutschland hat in jüngster Zeit aufgeholt. Allerdings ist sie an Gesetze und politische Vorgaben gebunden und kann sich weniger flexibel an neue Veränderungen anpassen als privat geführte Unternehmen. Sie steht in einem permanenten Kampf um die besten Mitarbeitenden, da die Vergütung für vergleichbare Arbeiten in der Privatwirtschaft oft attraktiver ist. Sie muss daher an Formen der Einbindung von Mitarbeitenden und Hebung ihrer Innovationskraft ebenso interessiert sein wie Unternehmen. Dieser Artikel versucht, gemeinsame Herausforderungen und mögliche Vorteile der Verwendung von Spieltechniken bei der Steigerung der Motivation in der öffentlichen Verwaltung aufzuzeigen.
Triiodothyronin (T3) as a parameter of mortality in sepsis patients in the PICU
Authors: Djoko Sri Wahyuni , Hartawan Nyoman Budi , Arhana Bagus Ngurah Putu , Gunawijaya Eka , Widnyana Anak Agung Ngurah Ketut Putra , Wati Dyah Kanya 
Published: January 2020

Background Thyroid hormone stimulates the regulation of β-adrenergic receptors in order to increase the inotropic effect of the heart myocardium. Euthyroid sick syndrome is a disorder of non-metabolic thyroid function, which is characterized by a decrease in triiodothyronine (T3) levels in patients with non-thyroid systemic disease, such as sepsis. Low serum T3 hormone level is a potentially high-risk factor for mortality from sepsis.
Objective To assess for a relationship between decreased serum T3 levels and mortality in pediatric sepsis patients admitted in the PICU.
Methods This study used a nested case-control design. The subjects were children aged 1 month-18 years who were diagnosed with sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, from September 2017 to January 2019.
Results A total of 90 children were included, of whom 44 died and 46 survived. Median age was 10.5 (IQR 44) months in subjects who died and 9 (IQR 50) months in those who survived. The majority of subjects in both groups had well-nourished nutritional status. Bivariate analysis revealed that significantly more subjects who died had low serum T3 (≤1 ng/dL), PELOD-2 score ≥5, than subjects who survived. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum T3 £1 ng/dL (OR 55.1; 95%CI 9 to 334.8; P<0.001) and PELOD-2 score ³5 (OR 6.5; 95%CI 1.6 to 26.7; P=0.01) were significant risk factors for sepsis mortality.
Conclusion Low serum T3 level and high PELOD-2 score are risk factors for death in sepsis.
Chronic kidney disease and emotional-behavioral disorders in adolescents
Authors: Sugiarto Benny , Dhamayanti Meita , Sambas Dedi Rachmadi 
Published: January 2020

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive renal injury with inevitable functional deterioration. This functional loss is usually slow, progressive, and irreversible. Chronic kidney disease profoundly influences the daily routines of pediatric patients and their families, requiring significant psychosocial adaptation by both patients and families.
Objective To assess for potential associations between CKD and emotional/behavioral disorders in adolescents.
Methods This cross-sectional study was done at the Pediatric Nephrology Outpatient Department, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java. The consecutive sampling included all patients who fulfilled the following criteria: (1) aged 10-18 years, (2) diagnosed with CKD at least 3 months prior to the study, and (3) whose parents provided informed consent. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess emotional/behavioral disorders. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records and interviews with parents. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used in the statistical analyses.
Results A total of 75 subjects with CKD participated in the study. The majority of the subjects were female (53%) and <14 years old (55%). Emotional/behavioral disorders were found in 24 subjects (32%). There were no significant correlations between age, gender, paternal and maternal education level, duration of illness, or treatment with emotional/behavioral problems. However, later stage of CKD was significantly associated with prosocial problems, based on the SDQ assessment.
Conclusion Late stage CKD is significantly associated with prosocial problems of the SDQ scales.
Beatrice Winser: Librarian, Museum Director, and Advocate for Women’s Equality
Authors: Crist Timothy 
Published: January 2020

Beatrice Winser (1869-1947) was a woman of fierce intelligence who used her extraordinary aptitude for managing organizations to help establish both the Newark Public Library and the Newark Museum. In 1915, Mayor Thomas Raymond appointed her to the Newark Board of Education, making her the first woman to serve on a Newark board or commission, in what she said was “quite a victory” for suffragists. She was called “the busiest woman in Newark” by a local newspaper in the 1930s when she served simultaneously as Librarian and Director of the Newark Museum, as trustee of Dana College and later the University of Newark, and leader or participant in a host of other projects and organizations. When the newly formed University of Newark conferred an honorary doctorate on her in 1937, in the same group with Louis Bamberger, she was cited as “an ideal public servant and a luminous personality.”This paper draws on the extensive archival materials about Beatrice Winser at the Newark Public Library, the Newark Museum, and the New Jersey Historical Society to discuss her pioneering work with the Newark Public Library and her advocacy for women’s rights in the first decades of the 20thcentury.
Study on the variation of rock pore structure after polymer gel flooding
Authors: Zhang Dong , Wei Jianguang , Fang Xinren 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Polymer gels have received an increasing attention as profile control agents in the heterogeneous reservoir water-flooded layers. The article focus on the profile control mechanism of polymer gels by plugging macropore. The micro-structures of polymer gel and pore were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). And the core displacement equipment was used to evaluate the properties of plugging properties. The variation of pore structure is measured by SEM, mercury intrusion meter and nuclear magnetic resonance instrument. Investigation results show that the molecules form a network structure with many dense layers after 15 days of cross-linking reaction, which results in the increase of the viscosity of the system from 15.3 to 6325 mPa‧s. After the polymer gel forms a micelle at the middle end of the core and blocks the pores, the plugging rate of the core reaches 99.2%. The results obtained in this paper reveal the mechanism of plugging characteristics of polymer gels, and further prove the great potential of polymer gels to enhance oil recovery in oilfields.
The role of beliefs in teacher professionalisation for multilingual classroom settings
Authors: Schroedler Tobias , Fischer Nele 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper describes and discusses findings gained in a teacher training reform project at the University of Hamburg in Germany. In a newly implemented structure, pre-service teachers partake in an integrated model of courses that prepare them to deal with multilingualism in the subject classroom. For the first four semesters of the new model, a complex evaluation tool was employed in a pre-post design to better understand student competence development, curricular components of the teaching degree and student beliefs about multilingualism. This paper sheds light on the professional beliefs that pre-service teachers have about linguistic diversity and multilingual learners. The overall results show generally positive beliefs about multilingual learners, multilingualism in schools, and language support for multilingual learners. Moreover, the data show that multilingual pre-service teachers have more positive beliefs, female participants have more positive beliefs, and that there is a significant interdependence between beliefs and relevant opportunities to learn. Comparing the pre-test and the post-test data using explorative factor analysis, it can be shown that students’ beliefs are far more structured and follow a clear five-dimensional pattern in the post test, whereas the pre-test data can be described as diffuse and unstructured.
The Transplant of Trusts in Different Legal Jurisdictions: The Example of China
Authors: Terranova Giulia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Legal transplants are considered a significant factor in the evolution of legal systems. One example of transplant of a legal institution through its prestige is the diffusion of the trust from the English legal system to other common law systems and to many civil law countries. One of these is China that in 2001 enacted the Trust Law of the People’s Republic of China. This paper wants to analyse the trust under the Trust Law and to compare it with the original model in the English legal system, understanding how far or how close it is from the original one.
The effects of pH on copper leaching from wood treated with copper amine-based preservatives
Authors: Oh Jeong-Joo , Kim Gyu-Hyeok 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
As pH of leaching medium is an important factor in the leaching of wood preservative components, its effects on leaching should be quantified to ensure environmentally safe use of treated wood. In this study, the effects of pH on leaching of copper from wood treated with copper amine-based preservatives [alkaline copper quat (ACQ)-2, bis-(N-cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-copper (CuHDO)-3, and copper azole (CUAZ)-3] were evaluated in comparison with wood treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-3. Radiata pine sapwood blocks treated with these preservatives were leached at five pH levels (3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, and 6.5). The leached blocks were subjected to laboratory-scale decay tests using two brown-rot fungi. The blocks treated with copper amine-based preservatives leached significant amounts of copper at pH levels below 4.0. At all pH levels, the CuHDO-3-treated samples generally leached the most copper, followed by the samples treated with ACQ-2, CUAZ-3, and CCA-3. When the treated blocks were leached at pH 3.0, the degradation of hemicelluloses, which can chemically adsorb copper, was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) analysis. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the ratio of precipitates of the remaining copper in the treated wood severely decreased after leaching at pH levels below 4.0. Subsequent reduction in the biological effectiveness of wood treated with copper amine-based preservatives was not hardly observed after leaching at pH levels 4.0 or above. These results indicate that copper loss at pH levels 4.0 or above is not great enough to cause public concern about environmental problems and reduction of biological efficacy in practical applications.
Porins as helpers in mitochondrial protein translocation
Authors: Grevel Alexander , Becker Thomas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mitochondria import the vast majority of their proteins via dedicated protein machineries. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) forms the main entry site for precursor proteins that are produced on cytosolic ribosomes. Subsequently, different protein sorting machineries transfer the incoming preproteins to the mitochondrial outer and inner membranes, the intermembrane space, and the matrix. In this review, we highlight the recently discovered role of porin, also termed voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), in mitochondrial protein biogenesis. Porin forms the major channel for metabolites and ions in the outer membrane of mitochondria. Two different functions of porin in protein translocation have been reported. First, it controls the formation of the TOM complex by modulating the integration of the central receptor Tom22 into the mature translocase. Second, porin promotes the transport of carrier proteins toward the carrier translocase (TIM22 complex), which inserts these preproteins into the inner membrane. Therefore, porin acts as a coupling factor to spatially coordinate outer and inner membrane transport steps. Thus, porin links metabolite transport to protein import, which are both essential for mitochondrial function and biogenesis.
Antineuroinflammation activity of n-butanol fraction of Marsilea crenata Presl. in microglia HMC3 cell line
Authors: Ma’arif Burhan , Mirza Denis Mery , Hasanah Mu’akibatul , Laswati Hening , Agil Mangestuti 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Neuroinflammation is one of the main causes of neurodegenerative events. Phytoestrogen is a group compounds that have an estrogen-like structure or function. Phytoestrogen has a high potential to overcome neuroinflammation caused by estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women. Marsilea crenata Presl. is a plant known to contain phytoestrogens. This research aimed to analyze the activity of an n-butanol fraction of M. crenata leaves in inhibiting the classical pathway activation of microglia HMC3 cell line to M1 polarity, which has proinflammatory characteristics.

Methods
Microglia HMC3 cell line was cultured in Eagle’s minimum essential medium and induced with IFN-γ for 24 h to activate the cell to M1 polarity in 24-well microplates. The n-butanol fraction was added with various doses of 62.5, 125, and 250 ppm and genistein 50 μM as a positive control. The expression of major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) as a marker was tested using a confocal laser scanning microscope.

Results
The result of MHC II measurement shows a significant difference in the MHC II expression in the microglia HMC3 cell line between the negative control and all treatment groups at p<0.05, indicating a non-monotonic dose-response profile.

Conclusions
The best dosage to inhibit MHC II expression was 250 ppm with the value of 200.983 AU. It is then concluded that n-butanol fraction of M. crenata leaves has antineuroinflammation activity due to its phytoestrogens.
Phenylboronic acid-decorated polymeric nanomaterials for advanced bio-application
Authors: Lan Tianyu , Guo Qianqian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paradigm of using phenylboronic acid-decorated polymeric nanomaterials for advanced bio-application has been well established over the past decade. Phenylboronic acid and its derivatives are known to form reversible complexes with polyols, including sugar, diol and diphenol. This unique chemistry of phenylboronic acid has given many chances to be exploited for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review highlights the recent advances in fabrication of phenylboronic acid-decorated polymeric nanomaterials, especially focus on the interactions with glucose and sialic acid. Applications of these phenylboronic acid-decorated nanomaterials in drug delivery systems and biosensors are discussed.
A brief review for fluorinated carbon: synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Liu Yifan , Jiang Lingyan , Wang Haonan , Wang Hong , Jiao Wei , Chen Guozhang , Zhang Pinliang , Hui David , Jian Xian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFluorinated carbon (CFx), a thriving member of the carbonaceous derivative, possesses various excellent properties of chemically stable, tunable bandgap, good thermal conductivity and stability, and super-hydrophobic due to its unique structures and polar C-F bonding. Herein, we present a brief review of the recent development of fluorinated carbon materials in terms of structures, properties and preparation techniques. Meanwhile, the applications in energy conversions and storage devices, biomedicines, gas sensors, electronic devices, and microwave absorption devices are also presented. The fluorinated carbon contains various types of C-F bonds including ionic, semi-ionic and covalent C-F, C-F2, C-F3 bonds with tunable F/C ratios. The controllable designing of C-F bonding and F/C ratios play a key role to optimize the properties of fluorinated carbon materials. Until now, the potential issues and future opportunities of fluorinated carbon are proposed. The present review will provide a direction for tuning C-F bonding and F/C ratios, developing a safe and efficient fluorination method and popularizing the applications of fluorinated carbon materials.
Anger in action: Socio-pragmatic analysis of verbal exchanges in UK parliamentary debates
Authors: Strukowska Marta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article is an attempt to investigate theoretically and empirically how the emotion of anger is used in political discourse. The descriptive analysis is centred around the conversational analysis of anger, as present in the verbal exchanges in the UK parliamentary debates, correlated with the variables of power (P), social distance (D), and the concept of valence. The key idea underbracing this article is that affect permeates social communication. The central claims of this study focus on explaining how the socio-pragmatic variables of (P) and (D) weave the fabric of conflict talk and how they constitute the springboard for structuring the affective message in a tangible framework of social practice. The questions that inspire the current paper are the following: (1) How does anger determine the relationships of power and distance? (2) What is the reaction of the Offender and Defender in anger-driven interaction? (3) Are the roles of the ‘Emoter’ and ‘Receiver’ of anger evenly distributed in verbal communication? (4) Are valence and its strength indicators of anger experience? The paper concentrates on three theoretical problems including: (1) anger as an intrinsically threatening emotion, (2) anger as a constituent of context, and (3) anger as a gradable emotion. In addition, this study aims to explore how threats to positive face value in the form of unambiguous literal meaning that convey evaluative load (accusations, criticism, insult, irony, imposition etc.), explicitly provide information on P and D shifts in anger-driven discursive action.
The Tempo and Mode of Angiosperm Mitochondrial Genome Divergence Inferred from Intraspecific Variation inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Zhiqiang , Waneka Gus , Sloan Daniel B 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe mechanisms of sequence divergence in angiosperm mitochondrial genomes have long been enigmatic. In particular, it is difficult to reconcile the rapid divergence of intergenic regions that can make non-coding sequences almost unrecognizable even among close relatives with the unusually high levels of sequence conservation found in genic regions. It has been hypothesized that different mutation and repair mechanisms act on genic and intergenic sequences or alternatively that mutational input is relatively constant but that selection has strikingly different effects on these respective regions. To test these alternative possibilities, we analyzed mtDNA divergence within Arabidopsis thaliana, including variants from the 1001 Genomes Project and changes accrued in published mutation accumulation (MA) lines. We found that base-substitution frequencies are relatively similar for intergenic regions and synonymous sites in coding regions, whereas indel and nonsynonymous substitutions rates are greatly depressed in coding regions, supporting a conventional model in which mutation/repair mechanisms are consistent throughout the genome but differentially filtered by selection. Most types of sequence and structural changes were undetectable in 10-generation MA lines, but we found significant shifts in relative copy number across mtDNA regions for lines grown under stressed vs. benign conditions. We confirmed quantitative variation in copy number across the A. thaliana mitogenome using both whole-genome sequencing and droplet digital PCR, further undermining the classic but oversimplified model of a circular angiosperm mtDNA structure. Our results suggest that copy number variation is one of the most fluid features of angiosperm mitochondrial genomes.
Claves para rescatar a El Dorador, una crónica perdida de José Martí
Authors: Leyva-González David 
Published: January 2020

El Dorador is the title of a lost chron­icle of José Martí. The Cuban poet, before going to war, asks his secre­tary and friend Gonzalo de Quesada to rescue this text from his abundant stationery. However, neither Quesada nor the multiple editors Marti has had for more than a century have been able to fulfill this request. The present study offers some clues that bring us closer to this mysterious chronicle. Progressively, we are closer in pleasing the Martian desire before his passing in the fields of Cuba.
THE PRIVATE PAPER MONEY CIRCULATING IN THE UKRAINIAN CITIES DURING THE REVOLUTION OF 1917-1921: THE SOURCE CRITIQUE OF THE OUTWARD SIGNS
Authors: Shyshkina Yevheniya , Motenko Yaroslav 
Published: January 2020

In the paper, the historiography of the problem is examined. The critique of the privet paper money which was circulating in the Ukrainian lands in 1917–1921 is conducted. The characteristics of such critique are shown and its distinctions from the critique of the state paper money are identified. The external signs of the bonds’ obverse and reverse are analyzed. The heraldic, emblematic, iconographic, sphragistics, neographic, filigree, ornamental, chronological and metrological elements of the Ukrainian privet paper money appearance are investigated and the role of these features is identified. The emblems, seals, imprints, signatures, series, numbers, dates are pointed out to be the most informative signs of the privet paper money. So, in the article, the great significance of the sphragistics, neographic and chronological data is underlined. By means of the text analysis, the issuers of bonds are identified. Thecritique of the bonds’ external features also showed the reasons for emission, the emitters’ guarantees and the scale of the privet paper money circulation.