bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Recrystallization Behavior of Two Ni-Cu–Containing High-Strength Steels with Different Mn Contents
Authors: Kumar Atul , Vara Prasad T. V. V. S. , Nazeer M. , Gopinath K. , Balamuralikrishnan R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) has been investigating several high-strength and high-toughness steels in the past few decades for various defense applications. As a part of this work, two novel low-carbon steels—each containing 4–6 wt% Ni + Cu of similar strength level, one with high Mn (∼1 wt%) and one with low Mn (∼0.3 wt%)—were investigated. In order to optimize the rolling schedules during production, it is necessary to understand the recrystallization behavior of these two steels during hot deformation. Usually, the recrystallization behavior of materials that do not undergo phase transformations (viz. aluminum, copper, etc.) is commonly studied using microstructural techniques for identification of fraction of recrystallized grains. But, as the steels in the present study undergo phase transformation wherein the austenitic structure at deformation temperature is transformed to martensitic/bainitic structure during cooling, it is challenging to track the recrystallization process directly from the microstructure. Therefore, the recrystallization behavior was investigated by conducting double-hit compression tests (DHCTs) using Gleeble. Fractional softening values were determined from DHCT data using various methods, such as the offset method, back-extrapolation method, and mean flow stress method. The mean flow stress method was found to be more reliable and thus was adopted in this study. The effects of different deformation temperature (850°C–1,050°C) and intermediate static recrystallization time (ISRT) (10, 100, and 500 s) on fractional softening were studied. Temperature for 50 % recrystallization (T0.5), determined as the temperature for 50 % fractional softening, was seen to reduce with an increase in ISRT. Steel with lower manganese content showed relatively lower fractional softening values and thus relatively higher T0.5, as compared with that for the steel with higher manganese content, for all three ISRTs.
CCB is Involved in Actin-Based Axonal Transport of Selected Synaptic Proteins
Authors: Martin-Peña Alfonso , Ferrus Alberto 
Published: November 2019

Synapse formation, maturation, and turnover require a finely regulated transport system that delivers selected cargos to specific synapses. However, the supporting mechanisms of this process are not fully understood. The present study unravels a new molecular system for vesicle-based axonal transport of proteins in male and female flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Here, we identify the geneCG14579as the transcription unit corresponding to the regulatory mutations known ascentral complex broad(ccb). These mutations were previously isolated for their morphological phenotype in R-neurons of the ellipsoid body, a component of the central complex. Mutant axons from R-neurons fail to cross the midline, which is indicative of an aberrant composition of the growth cone. However, the molecular mechanism remained to be deciphered. In this manuscript, we show that CCB is involved in axonal trafficking of FasII and synaptobrevin, but not syntaxin. These results suggest that axonal transport of certain proteins is required for the correct pathfinding of R-neurons. We further investigated the molecular network supporting the CCB system and found that CCB colocalizes and coimmunoprecipitates with Rab11. Epistasis studies indicated that Rab11 is positioned downstream of CCB within this axonal transport system. Interestingly,ccbalso interacts with actin and the actin nucleatorspire. The data revealed that this interaction plays a key role in the development of axonal connections within the ellipsoid body. We propose that the CCB/Rab11/SPIRE system regulates axonal trafficking of synaptic proteins required for proper connectivity and synaptic function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProper function of the nervous system requires the establishment of mature, functional synapses. Differential protein composition in the synapse enables optimal performance of cognitive tasks. Therefore, it is critical to have a finely regulated transport system to deliver selected synaptic proteins to synapses. Remarkably, impairments in cytoskeleton-based protein-transport systems often underlie cognitive deficits, such as those associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This study reveals that CCB is part of a novel transport system that delivers certain synaptic proteins via the actin cytoskeleton within the Rab11-related domain of slow recycling endosomes.
HPV vaccines for prevention of cervical pre-cancer in adolescent girls and women
Authors: Li Jia Jian , Stetz Jessica 
Published: November 2019

The evidence presented in this Cochrane meta-analysis shows the HPV vaccination confers significant benefit in preventing cervical pre-cancer. NNT of 60 for preventing one cervical pre-cancer (women 15 to 25 years old with or without HPV infection). The effect is higher for lesions associated with HPV16/18. The data also demonstrates an absence of serious adverse events. Therefore, we have assigned a color recommendation of Green (Benefit > Harm) to this vaccine.
O caso contra a educação: argumentos que sustentam uma nova política educacional de ensino superior
Authors: Pimentel Barbosa Laura 
Published: November 2019

<p>Nas últimas décadas, o sistema educacional tem sido alvo de críticas e disputas tanto nos países desenvolvidos quanto nos países em desenvolvimento, como o brasil. A disputa tem se dado em torno de quais fins a educação deve estar vinculada e em que medida um amplo acesso ao sistema de ensino, especificamente ao ensino superior, deve ser suficiente para promover o desenvolvimento. Esse debate tem se tornado mais intenso no atual cenário em que o Estado tem revisto suas prioridades em meio a crises econômicas e dificuldades de sustentar grandes políticas sociais. Mas de onde vem essas ideias? Como elas se justificam? Se não soubermos responder a essas questões, dificilmente saberemos como nos posicionar nesse debate com clareza em relação aos aspectos normativos e empíricos que sustentam o discurso “contra a educação”. Nesse sentido, o trabalho de Caplan, The Case Against Education, publicado em 2018 e ainda sem edição em português, reúne os argumentos utilizados por analistas e policy makers que hoje justificam uma redução no investimento do ensino superior em seus países, inclusive no Brasil. Esse texto é uma resenha crítica do trabalho e argumentos do autor. </p>
Doenças transmitidas por alimentos e participação da manipulação inadequada para sua ocorrência: uma revisão.
Authors: Soragni Larissa , Barnabe Anderson Sena , Mello Tatiana Ribeiro de Campos 
Published: November 2019

<p> A segurança alimentar está relacionada à inocuidade dos alimentos, com isso, estudos críticos e que disseminem dados para redução de doenças transmitidas por alimentos (DTAs) são necessários à prevenção dessas patologias, que afetam a população de modo global levando até mesmo a óbito. As DTAs são ocasionadas por água ou alimentos contaminados ocorrendo nos domicílios, tanto por quem os prepara, pelo ambiente e pelos procedimentos de higiene que nem sempre são eficazes. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura acerca da manipulação de alimentos em domicílio e seu risco para desenvolvimento de DTAs. Método: revisão de artigos acerca do assunto, usando ferramentas computacionais. Resultados: foram encontrados 51 artigos sobre o tema, mas incluídos 12 desses, sendo os demais descartados por não se adequarem às exigências propostas. Conclusão: a residência desponta como principal local de ocorrência de DTAs, sendo as mais comuns causadas por <em>Salmonella spp.</em> e <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> e apesar da importância das DTAs poucos são os estudos sobre o assunto.<strong></strong></p>
DRIVERS OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP-CASE OF PAKISTANI BANKING SECTOR
Authors: Ben Saad Ghazi , Abbas Muzaffar 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the article: This research explored and contributes to the leadership literature by investigating the influence of transactional leadership over employee engagement at certain banks located in KPK and Punjab province of Pakistan. It observes the influence of main aspects i-e contingent reward, active management by exception (MBE active) on worker’s regular job commitmentMaterials and methods: This distinctive combination of leadership behaviors are compared with attention given specifically to everyday work settings. Twenty banks are selected involving 180 employees. Questionnaires and interviews are conducted to collect data.Results of the research: The relationships among variables are examined through the Spearman Rank-order correlation coefficient. The moderating effects associated with corporate culture are observed by employing multiple regression analyses. A positive and significant relationship is revealed between transactional management and chosen variables except “passive management by exemption”. It is safely predicted that employee job satisfaction can be greatly elevated through transactional leadership. It is established that “contingent reward” and “active management by exemption” improve worker's engagement in contrast to passive management by exemption.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Drivers of Employee Engagement and Role of Transactional Leadership-Case of Pakistani Banking Sector is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
cultura del gusto. La alimentación entre representaciones y conexiones
Authors: Cava Antonia 
Published: November 2019

Este ensayo explora las reflexiones teóricas clásicas y los escenarios posmodernos en que se inserta el discurso en torno a la comida, centrando la atención sociológica en las características fundamentales de las ideologías y de las rutinas alimenticias contemporáneas. Trataremos la reconfiguración de las técnicas y artes culinarias a partir del momento en que éstas se introducen en el marco medial, con especial arreglo a los escenarios de la “gastromanía” 2.0. Analizaremos por tanto el impacto social, cultural y económico de las redes sociales en nuestras elecciones alimenticias. Nuestra perspectiva interpretativa se basará en los temas de la disinformation: nuestra hipótesis es que el mayor espacio que tanto los nuevos medios de comunicación como los tradicionales le dedican al relato de la comida y del bienestar no se convierte en niveles de conocimiento más altos por lo que atañe a los temas de alimentación.
Cognitive autonomy differences among adolescents in Malaysia
Authors: Abderrahim Benlahcene  , Sana Anwar Lashar  , Anita Lubana  
Published: November 2019

This research examined the relationship between five areas of cognitive autonomy and development among adolescents. Students from middle and high school in Keddah participated in this study. Ninety-four participants responded on the Cognitive Autonomy and Self-Evaluation (CASE) inventory, which examined the evaluative thinking, voicing opinions, comparative validation, decision making, and self-assessment. Scores were compared based on gender and grade. Results highlighted that high school students scored significantly higher in two of the five areas of cognitive autonomy. Additionally, females in middle school rated themselves significantly higher in two areas of cognitive autonomy (evaluative thinking and decision making). Areas of academic grades, time watching TV, time spent reading, and using computer were also discussed.
The composition of practice teaching in special education: A preliminary study
Authors: Shamsul Rizal Khalil  , Abdul Rahim Razalli  , Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob  
Published: November 2019

Teaching composition of the practice teaching among teachers is important. Indeed, strategic teaching is a way of making decisions about a course, an individual class, or even an entire curriculum, beginning with an analysis of key variables in the teaching situation. This study, a preliminary study about teaching composition among special education teachers. The strategic composition namely as Quality of Instruction; The Appropriate Level of Instruction, Incentive; Time; and Lesson Plans. The findings showed Quality of Instruction is the highest level and the lowest variable is Time. Discussions and recommendations are stated for authorities and academic contribution.
Microbial structures and dinosaur trackways from a Cretaceous coastal environment (Dakota Group, Colorado, U.S.A.)
Authors: Noffke Nora , Hagadorn James , Bartlett Sam 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTMicrobially induced sedimentary structures may help preserve unique glimpses of ancient shoreline habitats, but are little known from Mesozoic epicontinental settings. To help fill this knowledge gap, we describe a diverse suite of microbial structures from the Upper Cretaceous “J” Sandstone (South Platte Formation, Dakota Group) that are spectacularly exposed at Dinosaur Ridge in Morrison, Colorado, USA. Structures include “tattered” bed surfaces and ferruginous sand chips in supratidal flat facies. A large over-flip structure is preserved in a channel locally known as Crocodile Creek. In upper-intertidal facies, multidirectional ripple marks occur. Perhaps the most well-known microbial structures are exposed on extensive bedding surfaces known as “Slimy Beach,” where lower supratidal-flat facies are dominated by decimeter-scale erosional remnants and pockets. Morphologies and superposition of the structures allows identification of three generations of erosional pockets. Generation A of these erosional pockets exhibit size similarities to ornithomimid, sauropod, and ornithopod dinosaur tracks from adjacent bedding planes, raising the question of whether initial disturbance of the mat-bound surface could have been from track making. Generation B erosional pockets are older and record continuous erosion of the initial pockets until they were eventually overgrown and sealed by microbial mats. Generation C pockets are the oldest ones, exposing wide areas of barren sediment that could not be overgrown by microbial mats anymore. In concert, the microbial structures point to seasonally variable meteorological conditions along the coastline of the Western Interior Seaway and indicate that the “Slimy Beach” bedding plane represents a multi-year record of dinosaur locomotion.
Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in adults: a population-based epidemiological survey in Jiangxi province, China
Authors: wu liting , SHEN YunFeng , HU Lei , Zhang MeiYing , LAI XiaoYang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) has abruptly increased in China in the past two decades, gradually representing an important public health threat over the years. Here, we firstly reported the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in Jiangxi province, China. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was performed in Jiangxi province, China, from April to August 2015. MS was diagnosed by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria, respectively. Factors associated with MS were investigated by multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 2665 residents aged over 18 years were enrolled, and 2580 effectively participated. According to IDF and CDS criteria, age-standardized prevalence of MS were 21.1% and 15.2% in all participants, respectively; prevalence were 19.6% or 17.1% in men, and 22.7% or 13.0% in women, based on these respective criteria. Rural participants had a significantly higher prevalence than urban individuals, so did rural females. Prevalence in males did not differ between rural and urban participants. Factors independently associated with MS were low education level and menopausal state. Conclusions: MS is highly prevalent in adults in Jiangxi province, China. Low education level and menopausal state are independently associated with MS. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, prevalence, associated factors
Psychiatric morbidity and poor follow-up underlie suboptimal functional and survival outcomes in Huntington's disease
Authors: Ratna Nikhil , Kamble Nitish L , V Sowmya D , Purushottam Meera , Pal Pramod K , Jain Sanjeev 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited, often late-onset, neurodegenerative disorder, is considered to be a rare, orphan disease. Research into its genetic correlates and services for those affected are inadequate in most low-middle income countries, including India. The apparent ‘incurability’ often deters symptomatic and rehabilitative care, resulting in poor quality of life and sub-optimal outcomes. There are no studies assessing disease burden and outcomes from India.
METHODS: We attempted to evaluate individuals diagnosed to have HD at our tertiary-care center between 2013 and 2016 for clinical symptoms, functionality, mortality, follow up status through a structured interview, clinical data from medical records & UHDRS TFC scoring.
RESULTS: Of the 144 patients, 25% were untraceable, and another 17 (11.8%) had already died. Mean age at death and duration of illness at the time of death, were 53 years and 7 years respectively, perhaps due to suicides and other comorbidities at an early agewhich is much shorter than in Europe and USA. The patients who could be contacted (n=81) were assessed for morbid symptoms and total functional capacity (TFC). Mean CAG repeat length and TFC score were 44.2 and 7.5 respectively. Most individuals (66%) were in TFC stage I and II and could perhaps benefit from several interventions. The TFC score correlated inversely with duration of illness (p<0.0001). The vast majority were being taken care of at home, irrespective of the physical and mental disability. There was a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity (91%) including suicidal tendency (22%). Three of the 17 who died had committed suicide, and many other families reported suicidal history in other family members. Only about half the patients (57%) maintained a regular clinical follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the poor follow-up rates, significant suicidality & other psychiatric symptoms, suboptimal survival durations and functional outcomes highlighting the need for holistic care for the majority who appear to be amenable for interventions.
Does Case-based blended-learning expedite the transfer of declarative knowledge to procedural knowledge in practice?
Authors: Turk Bela Rui , Ertl Sebastian , Wong Guoruey , Wadowski Patricia P , Loeffler-Stastka Henriette 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Case-Based Learning (CBL) has seen widespread implementation in undergraduate education since the early 1920s. Ample data has shown CBL to be an enjoyable and motivational didactic tool, and effective in assisting the expansion of declarative and procedural knowledge in academia. Although a plethora of studies apply multiple choice questions (MCQs) in their investigation, few studies measure CBL or case-based blended learning (CBBL)-mediated changes in students’ procedural knowledge in practice or employ comparison or control groups in isolating causal relationships. Methods Utilizing the flexibilities of an e-learning platform, a CBBL framework consisting of a) anonymized patient cases, b) case-related textbook material and online e-CBL modules, and c) simulated patient (SP) contact seminars, was developed and implemented in multiple medical fields for undergraduate medical education. Additionally, other fields saw a solo implementation of e-CBL in the same format. E- cases were constructed according to the criteria of Bloom’s taxonomy. In this study, Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) results from (n=619) medical students in 2013 before CBBL implementation, and after CBBL implementation in 2015 (n=624) and 2016 (n=643) were analyzed. Results A significant improvement (adjusted p=.002) of the mean OSCE score by 1.02 points was seen between 2013 and 2015 (min=0, max=25). Conclusion E-Case-Based Learning is an effective tool in increasing student satisfaction, improving performance outcomes and may provide a sustainable learning platform for many fields of medicine in future.
Variation of prevalence of malaria, parasite density and the multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection throughout the year at three different health centers in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
Authors: MAYENGUE - PEMBE ISSAMOU , Batsimba Dezi Kouhounina , Niama Roch Fabien , Ottia Reyna Ibara , Malonga-Massanga Alida , Fila-Fila Grâce Petula Urielle , Ahombo Gabriel , Kobawila Simon Charles , Parra Henri Joseph 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: In the Republic of Congo, hot temperature and seasons distortions observed may impact the development of malaria parasites. We investigate the variation of malaria cases, parasite density and the multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection throughout the year in Brazzaville.
Methods: From May 2015 to May 2016, suspected patients with uncomplicated malaria were enrolled at the Hôpital de Mfilou, CSI « Maman Mboualé», and the Laboratoire National de Santé Publique. For each patient, thick blood was examined and parasite density was calculated. After DNA isolation, MSP1 and MSP2 genes were genotyped.
Results:
A total of 416, 259 and 131 patients with suspected malaria were enrolled at the CSI «Maman Mboualé», Hôpital de Mfilou and the Laboratoire National de Santé Publique respectively. Proportion of malaria cases and geometric mean parasite density were higher at the CSI «Maman Mboualé» compared to over sites (P-value ˂0.001). However the multiplicity of infection was higher at the Hôpital de Mfilou (P-value ˂0.001).
At the Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, malaria cases and multiplicity of infection were not influenced by different seasons. However, variation of the mean parasite density was statistically significant (P-value ˂0.01).
Higher proportions of malaria cases were found at the end of main rainy season either the beginning of the main dry season at the Hôpital de Mfilou and the CSI «Maman Mboualé»; while, lowest proportions were observed in September and January and in September and March respectively. Higher mean parasite densities were found at the end of rainy seasons with persistence at the beginning of dry seasons. The lowest mean parasite densities were found during dry seasons, with persistence at the beginning of rainy seasons. Fluctuation of the multiplicity of infection throughout the year was observed without significance between seasons.
Conclusion:
The current study suggests that malaria transmission is still variable between the north and south parts of Brazzaville. Seasonal fluctuations of malaria cases and mean parasite densities were observed with some extension to different seasons. Thus, both meteorological and entomological studies are needed to update the season’s periods as well as malaria transmission intensity in Brazzaville.