bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new sensitive and subunit‐selective molecular tool for investigating protein kinase A in the brain
Authors: Ribaudo Giovanni , Zagotto Giuseppe , Ongaro Alberto , Ricci Antonio , Caretta Antonio , Mucignat‐Caretta Carla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite cellular complexity, a limited number of small molecules act as intracellular second messengers. Protein kinase A (PKA) is the main transducer of the information carried by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Recently, cellular imaging has achieved major technical advancements, although the search for more specific and sensitive low‐molecular‐weight probes to explore subcellular events involving second messengers is still in progress. The convergent synthesis of a novel, fluorescent small molecule comprising the cAMP structure and a rhodamine‐based fluorescent residue, connected through a flexible linker, is described here. The interaction motif of this compound with PKA was investigated in silico using a blind docking approach, comparing its theoretical binding energy with the one calculated for cAMP. Moreover, the predicted pharmacokinetic properties were also computed and discussed. The new probe was tested on three areas of the mouse central nervous system (parietal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellar cortex) with different fixation methods demonstrating remarkable selectivity towards the PKA RIα subunit. The probe showed overall better performances when compared to other commercially available fluorescent cAMP analogues, acting at lower concentrations, and providing stable labeling.
Fusion of geophysical images in the study of archaeological sites
Authors: Karamitrou Alexandra , Bogiatzis Petros , Tsokas Gregory N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the last few years, the idea of combining images, called image fusion, appeared and it has become a critical area of research and development. Image fusion can be defined as the process of combining images, taken from the same scene and create one single image containing all the essential information of the original images. A single sensor is not always sufficient. Different sensors, effective in different environmental conditions, provide different information of a scene. The underlying idea in this article is to combine geophysical images taken with different sensors, from the same location, aiming to improve the detectability of possible archaeological targets. Three different fusion approaches were used; fusion by calculating the average of the individual images, and through the use of wavelet and curvelet transforms. Furthermore, taking advantage of the curvelet domain we exploit possible prior angle information to enhance the angles where the remnants are expected. We applied the methods in seven different pairs of geophysical images taken from two different archaeological areas. In all cases the fused images produced significantly better results than each of the original geophysical images separately.
Strongly magnetized quantum vacuum and ferromagnetic phase transition
Authors: Pérez Rojas Hugo , Rodríguez Querts Elizabeth 
Published: January 2020

AbstractQuantum vacuum in large fields of the order of twice or greater than the critical Schwinger field 2Bc shows strong anisotropic properties: virtual photons as well as electrons and positrons tend to propagate in a parallel direction to the magnetic field. The photon self‐energy acquires an imaginary part, which suggests an instability. In order to overcome this anisotropic behavior, we propose an heuristic model based on fermion pairing of boson‐vacuum n in the form of virtual para‐positronium, a chiral noninvariant electron‐positron bound state leading to a ferromagnetic quantum phase transition of the vacuum for fields of order of twice the critical Schwinger field 2Bc.
Far from Inert: Membrane Lipids Possess Intrinsic Reactivity That Has Consequences for Cell Biology
Authors: Sanderson John M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, it is hypothesized that a fundamental chemical reactivity exists between some non‐lipid constituents of cellular membranes and ester‐based lipids, the significance of which is not generally recognized. Many peptides and smaller organic molecules have now been shown to undergo lipidation reactions in model membranes in circumstances where direct reaction with the lipid is the only viable route for acyl transfer. Crucially, drugs like propranolol are lipidated in vivo with product profiles that are comparable to those produced in vitro. Some compounds have also been found to promote lipid hydrolysis. Drugs with high lytic activity in vivo tend to have higher toxicity in vitro. Deacylases and lipases are proposed as key enzymes that protect cells against the effects of intrinsic lipidation. The toxic effects of intrinsic lipidation are hypothesized to include a route by which nucleation can occur during the formation of amyloid fibrils.
Spectrofluorimetric study on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan by the aniracetam cognition enhancer drug: quenching mechanism using Stern–Volmer and double‐log plots
Authors: Hassan Said Abd El‐Monem , Ahmed Soheir Abd El‐Fatah , Helmy Aya Hosam , Youssef Nadia Fayek 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel approach on fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan is presented for spectrofluorimetric determination of aniracetam in drug substances and products. The quenching mechanism was investigated using Stern–Volmer plots and ultraviolet spectra figures of quencher–fluorophore mixtures. Binding constant and stoichiometry were calculated using double‐log plots. The spectrofluorimetric method was optimized for the experimental conditions affecting fluorescence quenching including fluorophore concentration, diluent, and reaction time. Moreover, the pH‐rate profile of aniracetam was studied using simple kinetics and found to be stable within the pH range 5–8. Fluorescence quenching of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan were observed on addition of aniracetam in aqueous medium at pH 5.5–6.5. Aniracetam quenched the fluorescence of tyrosine and l‐tryptophan in the concentration range 1–20 μg/ml and 0.3–20 μg/ml, respectively, with binomial relationships between quenching values (ΔF) and aniracetam concentration. Limits of detection were found to be 0.10 μg/ml for tyrosine–aniracetam and 0.14 μg/ml for l‐tryptophan–aniracetam. Method validation was performed as per ICH guidelines and demonstrated that the developed spectrofluorimetric method was accurate, precise, specific, and suitable for analysis of aniracetam in routine quality control laboratories. All experimental materials and solvents used are eco‐friendly, indicating that the cited spectrofluorimetric procedure is an excellent green method.
Multiparametric Analysis of Tissue Spheroids Fabricated from Different Types of Cells
Authors: Koudan Elizaveta V. , Gryadunova Anna A. , Karalkin Pavel A. , Korneva Janetta V. , Meteleva Nina Y. , Babichenko Igor I. , Volkov Aleksey V. , Rodionov Sergey A. , Parfenov Vladislav A. , Pereira Frederico D. A. S. , Khesuani Yusef D. , Mironov Vladimir A. , Bulanova Elena A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReproducible, scalable, and cost effective fabrication and versatile characterization of tissue spheroids (TS) is highly demanded by 3D bioprinting and drug discovery. Consistent geometry, defined mechanical properties, optimal viability, appropriate extracellular matrix/cell organization are required for cell aggregates aimed for application in these fields. A straightforward procedure for fabrication and systematic multiparametric characterization of TS with defined properties and uniform predictable geometry employing non‐adhesive technology is suggested. Applying immortalized and primary cells, the reproducibility of spheroid generation, the strong correlation of ultimate spheroid diameter, and growth pattern with cell type and initial seeding concentration are demonstrated. Spheroids viability and mechanical properties are governed by cell derivation. In this study, a new decision procedure to apply for any cell type one starts to work with to prepare and typify TS meeting high quality standards in biofabrication and drug discovery is suggested.
Ecological insights into the underlying evolutionary patterns of biofilm formation from biological wastewater treatment systems: Red or Black Queen Hypothesis?
Authors: Yuan Shasha , Meng Fangang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterspecies interactions and phylogenetic distances were studied to reveal the underlying evolutionary adaptations of biofilms sourced from wastewater treatment processes. Based on 380 pairwise cocultures of 40 strains from two microbial aggregates (surface‐attached and mobile aggregates [flocs]) at two substrate concentrations (LB broth and 0.1× LB broth), interspecies interactions were explored using biofilm classification schemes. There was a strong source‐dependence of biofilm development formed by the monocultures, that is, a higher biofilm formation potential for strains from attached aggregates than for those from sludge flocs at both substrate concentrations. Interestingly, the results showed that total biofilm reduction was dominant in the dual‐species biofilm sourced from flocs in both LB broth (67.37%) and 0.1× LB broth (64.21%), indicating high interspecific competition in mobile aggregates and the independence of substrate concentrations. However, biofilm reduction was higher (33.68%) than induction (19.37%) for the biofilms formed by surface‐attached aggregates in LB broth, while the opposite trend was apparent in 0.1× LB broth, suggesting the occurrence of indeterministic processes for biofilm formation and important roles of substrate concentrations. In addition, the more closely related phylogenetic relationships of cocultures from mobile aggregates were consistent with higher competition compared with those from surface‐attached aggregates. Overall, the underlying evolutionary patterns of biofilms formed from mobile aggregates consistently followed the essence of the “Red Queen Hypothesis,” while biofilms developed from surface‐attached aggregates were not deterministic. This study advanced our understanding of biofilm‐related treatment processes using the principles of microbial ecology.
Board gender diversity and corporate environmental performance: The moderating role of family and dual‐class majority ownership structures
Authors: Cordeiro James J. , Profumo Giorgia , Tutore Ilaria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile prior work has investigated the impact of (a) ownership structure and (b) board gender diversity separately on corporate environmental performance, researchers have not studied the potentially important relationship between ownership control and female board diversity in influencing corporate environmental performance jointly. We do so in the context of majority ownership in family‐controlled and dual‐class firms whose motives and influence are theoretically different from that of the firm's minority shareholders. Drawing on resource dependency, socioemotional wealth theory, and secondary agency theory, we hypothesize that majority family owners and dual‐class owners likely choose women directors to help advance their personal preferences for environmental corporate social responsibility. Our empirical tests utilizing 2,755 U.S. firm years over the 2010–2015 show that, as hypothesized, these two majority ownership types interact with board gender diversity to positively influence corporate environmental performance.
Septicemia after chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: A multicenter study CCCG‐ALL‐2015
Authors: Zhu Yiping , Yang Rong , Cai Jiaoyang , Yu Jie , Tang Yanjing , Chen Yumei , Wang Ningling , He Hailong , Wu Xuedong , Cheng Frankie W. T. , Sun Lirong , He Yingyi , Ju Xiuli , Tian Xin , Hu Qun , Jin Runming , Pan Kaili , Fang Yongjun , Zhai Xiaowen , Jiang Hui , Li Chi‐kong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSepticemia is an important cause of treatment‐related mortality and treatment failure in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in developing countries. A multicenter CCCG‐ALL‐2015 study was conducted in China and factors associated with septicemia and mortality were studied.MethodsPatients participated in CCCG‐ALL‐2015 study from January 2015 to December 2017 were included. Patients with documented septicemia were identified from the Data Center and additional data were collected.ResultsA total of 4080 patients were recruited in the study and 527 patients with septicemia were identified (12.9%, 95% CI 11.9%‐13.9%). The intermediate risk (IR)/high risk (HR) group had significantly higher incidence of septicemia as compared with low risk (LR) group, 17.1% vs 9.1% (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.71‐2.49, P < .001). Induction phase was the period with majority of septicemia episodes happened, 66.8% in LR and 56.1% in IR/HR groups. Gram‐positive bacteria accounted for 54.1%, gram‐negative bacteria 44.5%, and fungus 1.4% of positive cultures. Multidrug‐resistant organisms were detected in 20.5% of all organisms. The mortality rate after septicemia was 3.4% (95% CI 1.9%‐4.9%). Multiple logistic regression identified female gender, comorbid complications, and fungal infection as risk factors associated with mortality. Gram‐negative septicemia was associated with higher mortality, 4.9% vs 1.4% (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.09‐0.88, P = .02). There was marked variation in the incidence of septicemia among the 18 centers, from 4.8% to 29.1%.ConclusionOverall the incidence and pattern of septicemia in this multicenter study in China was similar to the reports of western countries. The septicemia‐related mortality rate was low. There was marked variation in the incidence of septicemia among the centers.
Integrating core conflictual relationship themes in neurobiological assessment of interpersonal processes in psychotherapy
Authors: Grandjean Loris , Beuchat Hélène , Gyger Lucien , de Roten Yves , Despland Jean‐Nicolas , Draganski Bogdan , Kramer Ueli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterpersonal processes are a key target in counselling and psychotherapy. It is of paramount importance to sharpen their assessment using integrated methods. Hence, this methodological paper describes how fields of research in psychotherapy and neuroimaging can be integrated into one novel complementary neurobehavioural paradigm that can be applied to enhance our understanding of interpersonal processes in psychotherapy. To illustrate this integration, we present selected data from a pre–post pilot study where the authors assessed interpersonal processes in brief treatment for borderline personality disorder using the core conflictual relationship theme, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and outcome questionnaires. To do so, they measured individual changes in neural activity using an fMRI task pre‐ and post‐treatment where clients gave feedback on the emotional valence of sentences extracted from their own Relationship Anecdotes Paradigm interviews mixed with neutral ones. In this paper, using data from two participants of said study, we discuss how to implement this methodology and what can be achieved in terms of results.
Carbon–Phosphorus Coupling from C^N Cyclometalated AuIII Complexes
Authors: Bonsignore Riccardo , Thomas Sophie R. , Klooster Wim T. , Coles Simon J. , Jenkins Robert L. , Bourissou Didier , Barone Giampaolo , Casini Angela 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWith the aim of exploiting new organometallic species for cross‐coupling reactions, we report here on the AuIII‐mediated Caryl−P bond formation occurring upon reaction of C^N cyclometalated AuIII complexes with phosphines. The [Au(C^N)Cl2] complex 1 featuring the bidentate 2‐benzoylpyridine (CCON) scaffold was found to react with PTA (1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) under mild conditions, including in water, to afford the corresponding phosphonium 5 through C−P reductive elimination. A mechanism is proposed for the title reaction based on in situ 31P{1H} NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS analyses combined with DFT calculations. The C−P coupling has been generalized to other C^N cyclometalated AuIII complexes and other tertiary phosphines. Overall, this work provides new insights into the reactivity of cyclometalated AuIII compounds and establishes initial structure–activity relationships to develop AuIII‐mediated C−P cross‐coupling reactions.
Diverse Approaches for Enantioselective C−H Functionalization Reactions Using Group 9 CpxMIII Catalysts
Authors: Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Satake Shun , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions with Cp*MIII catalysts (M=Co, Rh, Ir) have found a wide variety of applications in organic synthesis. Albeit the intrinsic difficulties in achieving catalytic stereocontrol using these catalysts due to their lack of additional coordination sites for external chiral ligands and the conformational flexibility of the Cp ligand, catalytic enantioselective C−H functionalization reactions using the Group 9 metal triad with Cp‐type ligands have been intensively studied since 2012. In this minireview, the progress in these reactions according to the type of the chiral catalyst used are summarized and discussed. The development of chiral Cpx ligands the metal complexes thereof, artificial metalloenzymes, chiral carboxylate‐assisted enantioselective C−H activations, enantioselective alkylations assisted by chiral carboxylic acids or chiral sulfonates, and chiral transient directing groups are discussed.
One‐Step Synthesis of Cyclophanes as Crystalline Sponge and Their [2]Catenanes through SNAr Reactions
Authors: Tominaga Masahide , Hyodo Tadashi , Maekawa Yumi , Kawahata Masatoshi , Yamaguchi Kentaro 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis work reports that cyclophanes and their [2]catenanes were synthesized by the SNAr reactions of disubstituted adamantanes bearing halophenol units and 3,6‐dichlorotetrazine in moderate yields. In the crystalline state, the cyclophanes had hexagonal structures with a cavity. The [2]catenanes were composed of two macrocycles that were singly interlocked and orthogonally arranged, indicating the construction from eight component molecules through eight C−O bonds in a one‐step reaction in up to 33 % yield. The cyclophanes were assembled to afford a supramolecular organic framework in the solid state, which exhibited permanent intrinsic porosity and adsorption of leaf alcohol or aldehyde in a single‐crystal to single‐crystal fashion. The molecular structures of the liquid guests were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The formation of catenanes and the use of cyclophane‐based porous crystals in the crystalline sponge method may be largely ascribed to the solvophobic effects and the van der Waals interactions that originate in the aliphatic and bulky nature of the adamantane units.
Selective and Scalable Electrosynthesis of 2H‐2‐(Aryl)‐benzo[d]‐1,2,3‐triazoles and Their N‐Oxides by Using Leaded Bronze Cathodes
Authors: Wirtanen Tom , Rodrigo Eduardo , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectrosynthesis of 2H‐2‐(aryl)benzo[d]‐1,2,3‐triazoles and their N‐oxides from 2‐nitroazobenzene derivatives is reported. The electrolysis is conducted in a very simple undivided cell under constant current conditions with a leaded bronze cathode and a glassy carbon anode. The product distribution between 2H‐2‐(aryl)benzo[d]‐1,2,3‐triazoles and their N‐oxides can be guided by simply controlling the current density and the amount of the charge applied. The reaction tolerates several sensitive functional groups in reductive electrochemistry. The usefulness and the applicability of the synthetic method is demonstrated by a formal synthesis of an antiviral compound.
N,N′‐Ethylene‐Bridged Bis‐2‐Aryl‐Pyrrolinium Cations to E‐Diaminoalkenes: Non‐Identical Stepwise Reversible Double‐Redox Coupled Bond Activation Reactions
Authors: Nayak Mithilesh Kumar , Stubbe Jessica , Neuman Nicolás I. , Narayanan Ramakirushnan Suriya , Maji Sandipan , Schulzke Carola , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli , Sarkar Biprajit , Jana Anukul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis work presents a stepwise reversible two‐electron transfer induced hydrogen shift leading to the conversion of a bis‐pyrrolinium cation to an E‐diaminoalkene and vice versa. Remarkably, the forward and the reverse reaction, which are both reversible, follow two completely different reaction pathways. Establishing such unprecedented property in this type of processes was possible by developing a novel synthetic route towards the starting dication. All intermediates involved in both the forward and the backward reactions were comprehensively characterized by a combination of spectroscopic, crystallographic, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and theoretical methods. The presented synthetic route opens up new possibilities for the generation of multi‐pyrrolinium cation scaffold‐based organic redox systems, which constitute decidedly sought‐after molecules in contemporary chemistry.
Cytologic features and diagnostic value of PeriView FLEX transbronchial needle aspiration targeting pulmonary nodules
Authors: Naso Julia , Bras James , Villamil Carlos , Ionescu Diana N. , Wang Gang , Shaipanich Tawimas , Beaudoin Eve‐Lea , Myers Renelle , Lam Stephen , Zhou Chen 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundTransbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of peripheral lung nodules can be difficult with conventional devices due to their limited flexibility. A promising new technology for accessing these lesions is the PeriView FLEX TBNA device, which has a flexible spiral‐grooved needle. The present study reports the unique cytologic features, diagnostic value, and potential pitfalls of PeriView FLEX TBNA specimens.MethodsThis study retrospectively evaluates 113 consecutive cases of lung nodules sampled using the PeriView FLEX device with radial endobronchial ultrasound guidance.ResultsPeriView FLEX specimens were satisfactory for evaluation in 111 of 113 cases (98%). A diagnosis of malignancy was made on 64 specimens (57%), with 100% specificity and 70% sensitivity for malignancy. In 4 cases, the PeriView FLEX sample was the only specimen from bronchoscopy that was diagnostic of malignancy. Of the 64 PeriView FLEX specimens with malignant cells, 58 (91%) were adequate for immunohistochemistry and 44 (69%) were adequate for molecular genetic testing. Potential pitfalls were largely ameliorated through education regarding the unique features of PeriView FLEX samples, such as the expected abundance of anthracotic pigment and the paucity of lymphocytes.ConclusionsTBNA using the PeriView FLEX device to sample pulmonary nodules contributed to the diagnostic value of bronchoscopy and tended to provide sufficient tissue for ancillary studies. Many of the possible pitfalls may be avoided through consideration of the unique cytologic features associated with this novel sampling method.
Consumer motivations to purchase from benefit corporations (B Corps)
Authors: Bianchi Constanza , Reyes Valentina , Devenin Veronica 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study is to explore the motivational structures of consumers in the decision to purchase from Benefit Corporations (B Corps) by applying means‐end chain (MEC) theory and using a soft‐laddering technique. Data were collected from 20 Chilean consumers of B Corp products and services. Results revealed that the primary motivators for consuming from B Corps are (a) social/environmental responsibility, (b) self‐satisfaction, and (c) health and quality of life. Findings suggest that consumers' social and environmental values are the main motivators for purchasing from B Corps, and certification provides confidence in the effectiveness of the social or environmental contribution. Additionally, personal benefits for consumers are also relevant motivators, for instance being an agent of change and enjoying healthy and high‐quality products that are accessible online. This research is helpful in designing marketing strategies for responsible firms and B Corps and for public policymakers.