bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNET USE AND PERCEIVED LONELINESS AMONG OLDER CHINESE
Authors: Song Shijie , Song Shijie , Zhao Yuxiang (Chris) , Zhu Qinghua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is a long debate on the impact of Internet use on individuals’ perceived loneliness. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between older Chinese people’s Internet use and their perceived loneliness. We employed cross-sectional data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 7,343; age range: 50-80 years old; Mean = 62.48; SD=8.00). Loneliness was measured by a 4-point Likert scale (Mean = 1.60, SD = 1.05) on the frequency of loneliness perception (higher score indicates higher loneliness). Internet use was measured by a dummy variable (Mean = 0.05, SD = 0.23). The results of multiple regression suggest that older Internet users reported significantly lower loneliness (B = -0.127, SD = 0.045, p = 0.005) compared with non-Internet users, suggesting a mitigating effect of Internet use on loneliness. Thus, the Internet might be implemented as an intervention to reduce loneliness among older adults in China.
AT THE INTERFACE OF THE BRAIN AND ENVIRONMENT: DETERMINANTS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND MOBILITY
Authors: Rosso Andrea , Carlson Michelle C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is hypothesized that older adults are more influenced by environmental factors due to reduced tolerance to stressors and greater cumulative exposure. The role of environmental factors in brain and cognitive aging, specifically, has not been well studied. In this symposium, we highlight novel work at the interface of the environment and the brain in aging. The presentations assess varying aspects of the environment/brain interface within three cohorts. Two of the presentations focus on the environment as a risk factor for brain or cognitive aging. Sara Godina will present analyses of neighborhood socioeconomic status and neuroimaging markers of brain atrophy within the Health ABC Study, with the aim of understanding documented associations of neighborhood socioeconomic status with cognitive function. Jessica Finlay will present data from the REGARDS study linking weather conditions with cognitive changes. Climate influences social and physical activities and could thereby, impact cognitive aging. The brain also serves to process and integrate environmental data in order to direct behaviors in an adaptive manner. Two of the presentations assess how cognitive aging may impact individuals’ interactions with the environment. Using residential histories of participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study, Jonathan Platt will explore how cognitive trajectories change in relation to changes in residence. These analyses will demonstrate how residential changes may be either supportive or detrimental to cognitive aging. Finally, Andrea Rosso will present data from the Health ABC that demonstrates how cognitive aging may determine the vulnerability of older individuals to environmental influences on mobility declines.
THE BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGING IN PLACE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING OVER TIME
Authors: Platt Jonathan , Michael Yvonne , Lovasi Gina , Rosso Andrea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Residential stability (aging in place) in older adults may be either supportive or detrimental to cognitive aging, and may be dynamic over time. Using residential histories of 3608 older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study, this study seeks to estimate the potentially bidirectional relationship between residential change and cognitive functioning. Residential data were recorded and georeferenced annually, and the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination assessed global cognitive functioning. Marginal structural models will be used to assess the effect of residential and cognitive exposures over time, in the presence of time-varying covariates that may act as confounders and mediators at different time points. We hypothesize that residential stability will have a bidirectional relationship with cognitive functioning over time. Aging in place will be associated with higher cognitive function during follow-up, and predict longer dementia-free survival. In turn, time to residential relocation during follow-up will be shorter among those with lower cognitive function.
WINTER WOES? IMPACT OF SNOW, SLEET, AND RAIN ON AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DECLINE
Authors: Finlay Jessica M , Clarke Philippa , Khan Anam , Gronlund Carina , Melendez Robert , Judd Suzanne , Wadley Virginia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Snowfall, sleet and rain can adversely affect the mobility of older adults, with negative consequences for engagement in daily activities and socializing. This can lead to isolation and loneliness, which can negatively impact cognitive functioning. We tested whether long-term exposure to precipitation – particularly snow and cold rain (precipitation at ambient temperatures between 0°C and 10°C) – negatively impacts age-related cognitive function trajectories among a national sample of over 30,000 Americans (aged 45+) in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study followed since 2003. Linear growth mixture models showed that living in an area with a 25% greater proportion of days with snow/rain in the past year was associated with a 0.6 unit decrease in cognitive function score (p&lt;.001). Effects were stronger among those aged 75+, who experienced faster rates of cognitive decline. The findings motivate further research on the role of cold-season precipitation for cognitive decline.
CHOT LEADERSHIP
Authors: Ferris Thomas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The first speaker is Dr. Thomas Ferris the Center Director of the NSF Center for Health Organization Transformation (CHOT). Dr. Ferris will provide a high-level overview of CHOT and provide the audience with a greater understanding of its history, funding, partners, and accomplishments. In this section, the mission, annual research model, and the I/UCRC planning integration framework will be reviewed and discussed. The NSF CHOT is the only Industry-University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) focused on innovations in healthcare delivery in the nation. CHOT researchers work alongside the Industry Advisory Board (IAB) to conduct research that supports the implementation of evidence-based transformational strategies within the healthcare sector. During this symposium, Dr. Ferris will discuss some of the challenges and opportunities that can arise from these partnerships. More importantly, in this section will speak to how value is created through these collaborative efforts and how ultimately this can improve health outcomes.
CHOT ACADEMIC PARTNER
Authors: Weech-Maldonado Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The second speaker will be Dr. Robert Weech-Maldonado, an academic representative and CHOT Site Director at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Dr. Weech-Maldonado will share what got UAB involved in CHOT; the process to get involved; what it means to be a CHOT partner, and the pros/cons of this program from the academic side. During this symposium, we will explore why this model needs to be expanded to the field of gerontology and the impact it can have on the aging population. Relating to the academic experience, Dr. Maldonado will speak to how CHOT can result in financial support to the academic institution; provide access to unique data sets / populations; outcomes, such as, publications, and how this program can further academics careers. We will also explore some of the struggles related to working with an industry partner as it relates to deliverables and expectations.
GLUTATHIONE, INFLAMMATION, MITOCHONDRIAL FAT OXIDATION AND DIASTOLIC HEART FUNCTION IN OLD MICE
Authors: Taffet George E , Cieslik K A , Sekhar R V , Pena Heredia Celia A , Hamilton Dale J , Entman Mark L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Impaired diastolic function is a risk factor for diastolic heart failure, may limit exercise performance, and is common in aging in both people and animals. This diastolic dysfunction seems to be associated with cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and impaired mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. Old (24-28 m) mice fed a GlyNAC supplemented diet for 8 weeks were compared to those on control diet, and had dramatic improvement in all these parameters. For example, ATP generation from fatty acids with five-fold higher in the GlyNAC supplemented mice. In vitro studies compared NAC with GlyNAC and demonstrated the benefits only with supplementing both amino acids as compared to NAC alone. These data suggest that GlyNAC may have a role in improving cardiac function thus improving exercise tolerance and quality of life for older people.
CREATIVITY IN LATER LIFE: PERSPECTIVES ON ITS FORMS AND MEANINGS
Authors: Adams-Price Carolyn E , Nadorff Danielle K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Over the past 15 years, gerontologists have become increasingly interested in identifying activities that increase meaning and well-being in older adults’ lives. One such activity is creative activity. New research suggests that creative activity can improve social connections, well-being and self-esteem, and sometimes cognitive processing. Yet some culturally-specific creative activities in which older people participate are not considered creative using standard psychological paradigms of creativity. This symposium will examine new perspectives on creativity in older adults with emphases on creative meaning across the life-span, and the benefits of new and long-term creative hobbies in healthy and frail older adults. Age differences in artists’ perceptions of their creativity will also be discussed. The first presentation by Helen Kivnick will discuss the overall theme of vital involvement in late life from an Eriksonian perspective and its link to the benefits of creative activities. The second presentation by Kate de Medeiros will discuss the creative benefits of a poetry intervention for older adults with dementia. The third presentation by Monika Ardelt will examine young and older nominated visual artists’ perceptions of their own creativity and the creative process, in the context of creative careers. Finally, Carolyn Adams-Price will describe Glaveanu’s sociocultural model of creativity, which can be used to explain the significance of different levels of creativity in a cultural context, from everyday creativity to genius creativity. Glaveanu’s model has great promise for helping us understand the significance of various creative activities for older adults. Danielle Nadorff will be our discussant.
VITAL INVOLVEMENT: LINKING CREATIVITY TO LATER-LIFE WELL-BEING
Authors: Kivnick Helen Q 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Erikson’s principle of Vital Involvement (VI) holds that psychosocial health in older adulthood rests on elders’ meaningful, reciprocal engagement with the world outside the self. Older adulthood’s focal tension between Integrity and Despair is fundamentally grounded in elders’ “…vital involvement, with life’s people, materials, activities, ideas, institutions, and so forth. [This engagement is] … every bit as important as …[the] reminiscence” (Kivnick &Wells, 2014) we have long identified as a path to wisdom. Through several empirical projects, our team has identified five dimensions of VI in older adulthood. Each is clearly invoked as an elder engages such arts media as clay, paint, paper, fiber, wood, words, music, movement, and more. These VI dimensions are also invoked in an elder’s creative engagement with the people, materials, activities, and institutions of everyday life. This presentation illustrates ways that VI, through these dimensions, both facilitates and also expresses psychosocial well-being in older adults.
CREATIVITY, HOPE, AND EXPECTATION IN A POETRY PROGRAM: RETHINKING WHAT COUNTS AS SUCCESS IN DEMENTIA CARE
Authors: Medeiros Kate de 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Creativity offers liberation from the framework of decline in later life in general, and within the context of dementia specifically. Cohen described the synergy of hope and expectation as ways through which people access their creative potential, especially in the face of loss. This paper explores three case drawn from a qualitative study. Eight residents living in a secure dementia care facility participated in six 30-minute interactive poetry sessions using guidelines from the Alzheimer’s Poetry Project (APP). Observations were conducted at baseline, during the intervention, and one week afterwards. All sessions were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed. Important findings included the positive potential of imagined futures, creative engagement as a tool for building social bonds, and the importance of language play. Overall, these findings point to new ways to consider success in dementia interventions by focusing on the potential to create meaningful and creative engagement opportunities.
CUMULATIVE ADVANTAGE IN CHANGING ECONOMIC TIMES: STRESS, DISTRESS, AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR AGING COHORTS
Authors: Dannefer Dale , Crystal Stephen , O’Rand Angela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Processes of cumulative dis/advantage operate within cohorts and across historical time. In the ongoing dance of age, cohort and period, each cohort encounters distinctive social and economic environments at particular ages that may ameliorate or exacerbate the cumulative and systemic processes of inequality production that operate over its collective life course. We explore issues of current and future late-life inequality and its consequences. As overall income inequality has grown, what are the likely consequences for late-life outcomes? How have cohorts currently in midlife been affected by the Great Recession of 2008 and subsequent recovery? What are the mental and physical consequences of these developments, and to what extent can they be ameliorated by interventions in middle and later adulthood? This symposium addresses how variation in economic circumstances and social and psychological stresses may affect outcomes over the life course, and how these complex, interacting processes can be best conceptualized and examined. One paper examines the impact of the Great Recession and subsequent events on the intracohort distribution of income, suggesting inordinate setbacks during the Recession with likely long-term effects for economically vulnerable subpopulations. Another explores the role of psychosocial stressors in the process of cumulative dis/advantage, focusing on linkages between functional limitations and psychological well-being in later life, and how these linkages are amplified by diverse dimensions of disadvantage (e.g., education, employment; coping strategies; caregiving). A third paper examines the intergenerational dimensions of cumulative advantage processes. Finally, contrasting theoretical frameworks for apprehending life-course processes and historical change will be explored.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF STRESS PROCESSES IN CUMULATIVE DIS/ADVANTAGE PROCESSES
Authors: Carr Deborah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In my book Golden Years (2019), I argue that the psychosocial consequences of normal biological processes of aging are intensified for those who have had lives of disadvantage, just as the harmful consequences of life-course disadvantages are particularly acute for those experiencing age-related physical health declines. In this paper, I discuss the role of stress processes, including stress proliferation and amplification, as possible mechanisms contributing to cumulative dis/advantage. I evaluate these ideas empirically by focusing on the linkages between functional limitations (an indicator of normal biological aging) and psychological well-being in later life, and explore the extent to which these linkages are amplified diverse indicators of life course disadvantage including low education; poor-quality employment; avoidant coping strategies; and family-related strains including intensive caregiving. Analyses are based on data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. I discuss the implications of incorporating stress process models in cumulative dis/advantage research.
A MULTI-COMPONENT HOME-BASED PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION FOR IMPROVING COMMUNITY AMBULATION AFTER HIP FRACTURE
Authors: Magaziner Jay S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Presented is a two-group RCT evaluating a multi-component exercise program for hip fracture patients to determine if it is effective in improving the ability to walk independently in the community. Hip fracture patients age ≥60 years (N=210) were assessed and randomized within 26 weeks of hospitalization, and reassessed 16 and 40 weeks later. The primary outcome was ability to walk 300m in six minutes. PUSH (active treatment) included aerobic conditioning, strengthening, balance and functional training. PULSE (attention control) included transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, flexibility and active range of motion exercises. Both groups received 2-3 visits per week for 16 weeks in their residences from a physical therapist. 22/96 in PUSH (22.9%) and 18/101 in PULSE (17.8%) (difference 5.1%; 95% CI: -6.1%, 16.3%; P=.37) became community ambulators. We conclude that advancing substantial proportions of hip fracture patients to community ambulation will require more than the intervention evaluated in this study.
IMPACT OF THE MULTI-COMPONENT HOME-BASED PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTION ON COGNITIVE OUTCOMES IN THE CAP TRIAL
Authors: Gruber-Baldini Ann 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cognitive impairment after hip fracture influences recovery and some RCTs suggest aerobic and resistance exercise may improve cognition. This presentation examines differences in PUSH versus PULSE on cognition and the impact of cognition on community ambulation. In CAP, the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) was pre-specified for subgroup (3MS&lt;91 versus 3MS≥91) evaluation and as a tertiary outcome. The CAP Mechanistic Pathways ancillary study (subgroup n=40) included Hooper Visual Organization Test and Trails A&B as additional outcomes. At baseline, PUSH did not differ from PULSE on cognitive measures. Over 16 weeks, PUSH became faster on Trails A (Δ= 6.7(29.9)) while PULSE became slower (Δ=9.4(24.2)) (p&lt;.05). Those with higher baseline cognition were more likely to become community ambulators (28.3% 3MS≥91 versus 8.8% 3MS&lt;91), but PUSH versus PULSE effects didn’t differ by 3MS (no effect modification). Results suggest potential differences in recovery by cognition, but no treatment effect differences by level of cognition.
STARTING A TESTOSTERONE AND EXERCISE PROGRAM AFTER HIP INJURY (STEP-HI) TRIAL: RATIONALE, METHODS, AND FIDELITY
Authors: Binder Ellen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The STEP-HI study is an ongoing multi-center, randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial that is evaluating whether six months of topical testosterone therapy combined with a supervised center-based exercise-training program can improve mobility, functional performance, and quality of life after hip fracture, compared to exercise training alone or Enhanced Usual Care. Female hip fracture patients ≥ 65 yrs. old who are living in the community or assisted living are being randomized within 16 weeks of surgical repair for the fracture, and re-evaluated 24 weeks later. Three hundred patients will be recruited from six clinical centers in the USA. This presentation discusses the rationale and study design, including innovative methods for fidelity monitoring of exercise procedures across the clinical sites. Strategies for recruitment and related challenges will be discussed. Preliminary enrollment and fidelity data will be presented.
EXAMINING PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, HEALTH BEHAVIORS, AND WHITE MATTER LESIONS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Bygrave Desiree , Wright Regina S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Prior to the onset of dementia, subclinical indices of brain pathology may reliably predict cognitive decline, even among older adults with high cognitive reserve. Evidence suggests that positive psychosocial experiences and healthy behaviors buffer cognitive decline. However, their relationship with brain outcomes in cognitively intact older adults is not well understood. Therefore, the current study examined the cross-sectional association between perceived social support, generalized anxiety, psychosocial stress, physical activity, sleep quality, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-assessed white matter lesions (WML), among a diverse sample of older adults. We also examined sex and race as effect modifiers. Data were analyzed from 129 participants (mean age=67.40y, 69% female, 43% African American) enrolled in the Healthy Heart & Mind Study. Participants completed psychosocial and health behavior measures and MRI-assessed periventricular and deep WML were ascertained. Multiple regression analyses assessed relations of psychosocial responses and physical activity to WML, adjusting for known covariates. Significant general anxiety x sex interactions on deep WML (p&lt;.05), significant physical activity x race interactions on total WML, frontal lobe WML and deep WML, respectively, and total sleep quality x race interactions on deep WML, were observed (p&lt;.05). Conditional effects showed greater physical activity and sleep quality were associated with lower WML in African-American women; greater social belonging was associated with lower WML in American-American men; and lower anxiety was associated with lower WML in African-American women and White men. Results suggest positive psychosocial factors and health behaviors may influence subclinical brain pathology via unique pathways.
THE MEANINGS OF TRUST IN AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH PARTICIPATION IN DEMENTIA RESEARCH
Authors: Portacolone Elena , Lichtenberg Peter , Keiser Sahru , Vest Leah , Maloof Marsha , Johnson Julene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
African American /Black American older adults’ low participation in research reduces the generalizability of research findings and hinders understanding of dementia mechanisms, further widening health disparities. Both the Alzheimer’s Association and the National Institutes of Health have identified recruitment of African Americans with cognitive impairment into dementia research as an area of high priority. Distrust of research and medical institutions is often cited as a barrier to participation of African Americans in dementia research. Therefore, the goal of this study is to better understand African American community members’ expectations associated with trust. We used focus groups and semi-structured interviews to examine the expectations associated with overall trust. We conducted 6 focus groups: 4 with African American older adults and 2 with caregivers of African American older adults with cognitive impairment. We also interviewed 5 African American older adults with cognitive impairment (total n=59). Data were analyzed with content analysis. Five themes emerged: 1) Importance of providing truthful help/information leading to trust; 2) Long relationships leading to trust; 3) Acting efficiently and consistently (e.g., “not fooling around”) leading to trust; 4) Transference of trust (e.g., I can likely trust someone trusted by a trusted person); 5) Difficult to trust because of a harsh social environment. To conclude, trust is a complex belief associated with multiple expectations and relationships. It is critical that researchers understand these expectations related to trust in order to increase recruitment of African American older adults into dementia research.