bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fate of rangelands: Revealing past and predicting future land‐cover transitions from 1985 to 2036 in the drylands of Central Iran
Authors: Mazloum Bibizahra , Pourmanafi Saeid , Soffianian Alireza , Salmanmahiny Abdolrassoul , Prishchepov Alexander V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLand serves as a vital production resource, and therefore land planning plays an important role in sustainable land‐use design. Iran includes large areas of the world's drylands, many of which are used as rangelands, and where the population has increased by 60% from 1985 to 2016. Further population increase in Iran would probably require more land resources to be allocated for human needs. However, the pace and patterns of these changes remain unclear. The aim of this study was to map land‐cover change from 1985 to 2016 and predict future land‐cover change in the Zayandehrood ecologic sub‐basins of Central Iran. By using multiseasonal LANDSAT imagery, we mapped land‐cover change with a Random Forest classifier for 1985, 1998, and 2016 with an overall accuracy of 80% for each period. Classification results revealed that from 1985 to 2016 residential areas doubled and industrial areas increased at the expense of rangelands. Our study also revealed cropland expansion at the expense of rangelands, cropland abandonment, and contraction of croplands due to residential and industrial development. Prediction of changes by 2036 with a multilayer perceptron neural network and Markov chain analysis showed further expansion of industries and residencies, particularly near the Ghamashlu Wildlife Refuge. Despite the partial restoration of rangelands in some parts of the world, our study provides evidence of ongoing rangeland degradation in Iran due to conversion to other land uses. Therefore, the study underscores the importance of sustainable land management of already cultivated areas and the development of strategies for the protection of global rangelands.
Tinnitus and auditory cortex; Using adapted functional near‐infrared‐spectroscopy to expand brain imaging in humans
Authors: Zhai Tianqu , Ash‐Rafzadeh Angela , Hu Xiaosu , Kim Jessica , San Juan Juan D. , Filipiak Charles , Guo Kaiwen , Islam Mohammed N. , Kovelman Ioulia , Basura Gregory J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesPhantom sound perception (tinnitus) may arise from altered brain activity within auditory cortex. Auditory cortex neurons in tinnitus animal models show increased spontaneous firing rates. This may be a core characteristic of tinnitus. Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has shown similar findings in human auditory cortex. Current fNIRS approaches with cap recordings are limited to ∼3 cm depth of signal penetration due to the skull thickness. To address this limitation, we present an innovative fNIRS approach via probes adapted to the external auditory canal. The adapted probes were placed deeper and closer to temporal lobe of the brain to bypass confining skull bone and improve neural recordings.MethodsTwenty adults with tinnitus and 20 nontinnitus controls listened to periods of silence and broadband noise (BBN) during standard cap and adapted ear canal fNIRS neuroimaging. The evaluators were not blinded, but the protocol and postprocessing for the two groups were identical.ResultsStandard fNIRS measurements in participants with tinnitus revealed increased auditory cortex activity during silence that was suppressed during auditory stimulation with BBN. Conversely, controls displayed increased activation with noise but not during silence. Importantly, adapted ear canal fNIRs probes showed similar hemodynamic responses seen with cap probes in both tinnitus and controls.ConclusionsIn this proof of concept study, we have successfully fabricated, adapted, and utilized a novel fNIRS technology that replicates established findings from traditional cap fNIRS probes. This exciting new innovation, validated by replicating previous and current cap findings in auditory cortex, may have applications to future studies to investigate brain changes not only in tinnitus but in other pathologic states that may involve the temporal lobe and surrounding brain regions.Level of EvidenceNA.
Facile Fabrication of Multiresponsive Self‐Healing Hydrogels with Logic‐Gate Responses
Authors: Pei Xiaoyue , Fang Liping , Chen Weiping , Wen Xin , Bai Libin , Ba Xinwu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSmart hydrogels have received great attention for application in various fields. In this work, the monomers dopamine methacrylamide (DMA) and methacrylamidophenylboronic acid (MAPBA), and the crosslinker bis(methacrylamide) cysteine (BMAC) are first synthesized. The multiresponsive self‐healing hydrogels are subsequently prepared by photoinitiation polymerization of the DMA, the MAPBA, the BMAC, and the monomer dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) using one‐pot method. The dynamic covalent bonds are formed by the reaction of the catechol groups in DMA and phenylboronic acid groups in MAPBA, which contribute as the second crosslinking of the hydrogels besides the BMAC. The hydrogels show pH, temperature, glucose, and redox tetra‐responsiveness derived from the reversible dynamic covalent bonds (borate ester and disulfide bonds) and responsive polymer chain PDMAEMA. The hydrogels display gel–sol transition in the presence of HCl and dithiothreitol (DTT) together, which exhibits AND logic gate response. In addition, the hydrogels show excellent self‐healing ability due to the well‐known dynamic covalent bond of borate esters. This multifunctional and smart hydrogels have potential applications in the fields of sensors, actuators, controlled drug delivery etc.
Hollow Carbon‐Based Nanoarchitectures Based on ZIF: Inward/Outward Contraction Mechanism and Beyond
Authors: Song Xiaokai , Jiang Yu , Cheng Fang , Earnshaw Jacob , Na Jongbeom , Li Xiaopeng , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHollow carbon‐based nanoarchitectures (HCAs) derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), by virtue of their controllable morphology and dimension, high specific surface area and nitrogen content, richness of metal/metal compounds active sites, and hierarchical pore structure and easy exposure of active sites, have attracted great interests in many fields of applications, especially in heterogeneous catalysis, and electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Despite various approaches that have been developed to prepare ZIF‐derived HCAs, the hollowing mechanism has not been clearly disclosed. Herein, a specialized overview of the recent progress of ZIF‐derived HCAs is introduced to provide an insight into their preparation strategy and the corresponding hollowing mechanisms. Based on the fundamental understanding of the structural evolution of ZIF nanocrystals during the high‐temperature pyrolysis process, the hollowing mechanisms of ZIF‐derived HCAs are classified into four categories: i) inward contraction of core–shell template@ZIF composites or hollow ZIFs, ii) outward contraction of ZIF@shell composites, iii) special outward contraction of ZIF arrays, and iv) mechanism beyond inward/outward contraction of pure ZIF nanocrystals. Finally, an outlook on the development prospects and challenges of HCAs based on ZIF precursors, especially in terms of controlled synthesis and future electrochemical application, is further discussed.
An Acoustic Platform for Single‐Cell, High‐Throughput Measurements of the Viscoelastic Properties of Cells
Authors: Romanov Valentin , Silvani Giulia , Zhu Huiyu , Cox Charles D. , Martinac Boris 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCellular processes including adhesion, migration, and differentiation are governed by the distinct mechanical properties of each cell. Importantly, the mechanical properties of individual cells can vary depending on local physical and biochemical cues in a time‐dependent manner resulting in significant inter‐cell heterogeneity. While several different methods have been developed to interrogate the mechanical properties of single cells, throughput to capture this heterogeneity remains an issue. Here, single‐cell, high‐throughput characterization of adherent cells is demonstrated using acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS). AFS works by simultaneously, acoustically driving tens to hundreds of silica beads attached to cells away from the cell surface, allowing the user to measure the stiffness of adherent cells under multiple experimental conditions. It is shown that cells undergo marked changes in viscoelasticity as a function of temperature, by altering the temperature within the AFS microfluidic circuit between 21 and 37 °C. In addition, quantitative differences in cells exposed to different pharmacological treatments specifically targeting the membrane–cytoskeleton interface are shown. Further, the high‐throughput format of the AFS is utilized to rapidly probe, in excess of 1000 cells, three different cell lines expressing different levels of a mechanosensitive protein, Piezo1, demonstrating the ability to differentiate between cells based on protein expression levels.
Evaluating the Alzheimer's disease data landscape
Authors: Birkenbihl Colin , Salimi Yasamin , Domingo‐Fernándéz Daniel , Lovestone Simon ,   AddNeuroMed consortium, Fröhlich Holger , Hofmann‐Apitius Martin ,   the Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionNumerous studies have collected Alzheimer's disease (AD) cohort data sets. To achieve reproducible, robust results in data‐driven approaches, an evaluation of the present data landscape is vital.MethodsPrevious efforts relied exclusively on metadata and literature. Here, we evaluate the data landscape by directly investigating nine patient‐level data sets generated in major clinical cohort studies.ResultsThe investigated cohorts differ in key characteristics, such as demographics and distributions of AD biomarkers. Analyzing the ethnoracial diversity revealed a strong bias toward White/Caucasian individuals. We described and compared the measured data modalities. Finally, the available longitudinal data for important AD biomarkers was evaluated. All results are explorable through our web application ADataViewer (https://adata.scai.fraunhofer.de).DiscussionOur evaluation exposed critical limitations in the AD data landscape that impede comparative approaches across multiple data sets. Comparison of our results to those gained by metadata‐based approaches highlights that thorough investigation of real patient‐level data is imperative to assess a data landscape.
Health and social correlates of dementia in oldest‐old Mexican‐origin populations
Authors: Mejia‐Arango Silvia , Aguila Emma , López‐Ortega Mariana , Gutiérrez‐Robledo Luis Miguel , Vega William A. , Andrade Flavia C. Drumond , Rote Sunshine M. , Grasso Stephanie M. , Markides Kyriakos S. , Angel Jacqueline L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionSubstantial gaps in research remain across oldest‐old ethnic populations while the burden of dementia increases exponentially with age among Mexican and Mexican American older adults.MethodsPrevalence and correlates of dementia among individuals ≥82 years of age were examined using two population‐based cohort studies: The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS, n = 1078, 2012) and the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (HEPESE, n = 735, 2012–2013). The analytic MHAS and HEPESE samples had an average age of 86.4 and 88.0 years, 1.2 and 1.8 women to men, and 2.7 and 5.1 average years of education, respectively.ResultsWe identified 316 (29.2%) and 267 (36.3%) cases of likely dementia in the MHAS and HEPESE cohorts, respectively. For Mexicans but not Mexican Americans, age‐adjusted prevalence rates of likely dementia were higher in women than men. For both populations prevalence rates increased with age and decreased with education for Mexican Americans but not for Mexicans. In both populations, odds of likely dementia increased with age. Health insurance for the low‐income was significantly associated with higher odds of likely dementia for Mexican American men and women and Mexican women but not men. Living in extended households increased the odds of likely dementia in women, but not in men for both studies. Multiple cardiovascular conditions increased the odds of likely dementia for Mexicans but not for Mexican Americans.DiscussionOur study provides evidence of the high burden of dementia among oldest‐old Mexicans and Mexican Americans and its association with health and social vulnerabilities.
2050 China: Strategic Goals and Two Stages
Authors: Hu Angang , Yan Yilong , Tang Xiao , Liu Shenglong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSocialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a historic juncture in China’s development. The report of the 19th Party Congress makes strategic plans on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and requests not only that China should finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, thus achieving the first centenary goal, but also that we build on this achievement to embark on a new journey towards the second centenary goal of fully building a modern socialist country.
Fixateure externe zur Behandlung der intrapartalen Symphysensprengung
Authors: Müller M. , Greve F. , Zyskowski M. , Wurm M. , Biberthaler P. , Kirchhoff C. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie komplette intrapartale Symphysenruptur ist eine seltene, aber schwerwiegende Komplikation der natürlichen Geburt mit einer Inzidenz von 0,03–3 ‰. Kleine Partialrupturen mit geringen Dehiszenzen sind eine Domäne der konservativen Therapie mittels Beckenorthese. Bei größeren symphysären Dehiszenzen sollten eine operative Reposition und Fixierung erfolgen. Im Folgenden wird der Fall einer jungen zweitgebährenden Mutter mit kompletter Symphysensprengung und Dehiszenz von 39 mm beschrieben. Die operative Therapie mittels Anlage eines supraacetabulären Fixateur externe über einen Zeitraum von 12 Wochen lieferte ein gutes Ergebnis.
Aktueller Versorgungsstandard von Patellafrakturen in Deutschland
Authors: Fehske Kai , Berninger Markus T. , Alm Lena , Hoffmann Reinhard , Zellner Johannes , Kösters Clemens , Barzen Stefan , Raschke Michael J. , Izadpanah Kaywan , Herbst Elmar , Domnick Christoph , Schüttrumpf Jan Philipp , Krause Matthias ,   Komitee Frakturen der Deutschen Kniegesellschaft (DKG)
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Versorgung von Patellafrakturen ist technisch anspruchsvoll. Auch wenn die radiologischen Ergebnisse zumeist zufriedenstellend sind, deckt sich dies häufig nicht mit der subjektiven Einschätzung der Patienten. Die klassische Versorgung mittels Drahtzuggurtung weist einige Komplikationen auf. Die winkelstabile Plattenosteosynthese hat sich in den letzten Jahren biomechanisch als vorteilhaft erwiesen.FragestellungVon wem werden Patellafrakturen in Deutschland versorgt? Wie sieht der aktuelle Versorgungsstandard aus? Haben sich „moderne“ Osteosyntheseformen durchgesetzt? Was sind die häufigsten Komplikationen?Material und MethodenDie Mitglieder der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie sowie der Deutschen Kniegesellschaft wurden aufgefordert, an einer Onlinebefragung teilzunehmen.ErgebnisseInsgesamt wurden 511 komplett ausgefüllte Fragebogen ausgewertet. Die Befragten sind zum größten Teil auf Unfallchirurgie spezialisiert (51,5 %) und verfügen über langjährige Berufserfahrung in Traumazentren. Die Hälfte der Operateure versorgt ≤5 Patellafrakturen jährlich. In knapp 40 % der Fälle wird die präoperative Bildgebung um eine Computertomographie ergänzt. Die klassische Zuggurtung ist noch die bevorzugte Osteosyntheseform bei allen Frakturtypen (Querfraktur 52 %, Mehrfragmentfrakturen 40 %). Bei Mehrfragmentfrakturen entscheiden sich 30 % der Operateure für eine winkelstabile Plattenosteosynthese. Bei Beteiligung des kaudalen Pols dient als zusätzliche Sicherung die McLaughlin-Schlinge (60 %).DiskussionDer Versorgungsstandard von Patellafrakturen in Deutschland entspricht weitgehend der aktualisierten S2e-Leitlinie. Nach wie vor wird die klassische Zuggurtungsosteosynthese als Verfahren der Wahl genutzt. Weitere klinische (Langzeit‑)Studien werden benötigt, um die Vorteile der winkelstabilen Plattenosteosynthese zu verifizieren.
Eye tracking and attentional bias for depressive internet memes in depression
Authors: Akram Umair , Ellis Jason G. , Cau Glhenda , Hershaw Frayer , Rajenthran Ashlieen , Lowe Mollie , Trommelen Carissa , Drabble Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPrevious research highlights the potential benefits of engaging with depressive internet memes for those experiencing symptoms of depression. This study aimed to determine whether: compared to non-depressed controls, individuals experiencing depressive symptoms were quicker to orient and maintain overall attention for internet memes depicting depressive content relative to neutral memes. N = 21 individuals were grouped based on the severity of reported depression symptoms using the PhQ-9. Specifically, a score of:  ≤ 4 denoted the control group; and  ≥ 15 the depressive symptoms group. Participants viewed a series of meme pairs depicting depressive and neutral memes for periods of 4000 ms. Data for the first fixation onset and duration, total fixation count and total fixation and gaze duration of eye-movements were recorded. A significant group x meme-type interaction indicated that participants with depressive symptoms displayed significantly more fixations on depressive rather than neutral memes. These outcomes provide suggestive evidence for the notion that depressive symptoms are associated with an attentional bias towards socio-emotionally salient stimuli.
Age-related hearing loss pertaining to potassium ion channels in the cochlea and auditory pathway
Authors: Peixoto Pinheiro Barbara , Vona Barbara , Löwenheim Hubert , Rüttiger Lukas , Knipper Marlies , Adel Youssef 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAge-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most prevalent sensory deficit in the elderly and constitutes the third highest risk factor for dementia. Lifetime noise exposure, genetic predispositions for degeneration, and metabolic stress are assumed to be the major causes of ARHL. Both noise-induced and hereditary progressive hearing have been linked to decreased cell surface expression and impaired conductance of the potassium ion channel KV7.4 (KCNQ4) in outer hair cells, inspiring future therapies to maintain or prevent the decline of potassium ion channel surface expression to reduce ARHL. In concert with KV7.4 in outer hair cells, KV7.1 (KCNQ1) in the stria vascularis, calcium-activated potassium channels BK (KCNMA1) and SK2 (KCNN2) in hair cells and efferent fiber synapses, and KV3.1 (KCNC1) in the spiral ganglia and ascending auditory circuits share an upregulated expression or subcellular targeting during final differentiation at hearing onset. They also share a distinctive fragility for noise exposure and age-dependent shortfalls in energy supply required for sustained surface expression. Here, we review and discuss the possible contribution of select potassium ion channels in the cochlea and auditory pathway to ARHL. We postulate genes, proteins, or modulators that contribute to sustained ion currents or proper surface expressions of potassium channels under challenging conditions as key for future therapies of ARHL.
Integrating public health policies in the epidemiological modeling of hepatitis C with LEHC tool: application in Austria
Authors: Lopes Henrique , Baptista-Leite Ricardo , Franco Diogo , Pirker Roxana , Gschwantler Michael 
Published: December 2020

Summary
Background
Eliminating hepatitis C requires addressing issues other than medicines or therapies. Public health policies focused on the hepatitis C virus (HCV) must be emphasized and worked to know the impacts on its epidemiologic dynamics. This research aims to provide a tool to evaluate and simulate alternatives by redefining policies meeting specific needs in each country towards the HCV elimination target by 2030.

Methods
The development of a gamified model with 24 public health policies focused on HCV was conducted to evaluate the impact of measures in the disease epidemiologic dynamics. The Let’s End HepC (LEHC) project encompassed key populations (people who inject drugs [PWID], prisoners, blood products and remnant population) in Austria and other countries, presenting prospects for every year from 2019 to 2030. The LEHC epidemiological model comprised an integrated solution for HCV, with adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA) and Markov chains constituting its main processes.

Results
Despite Austria’s efforts towards achieving the HCV elimination goal by 2030, the LEHC model forecast quantitative analysis predicts that it is still not enough to meet the target; however, prospects are very optimistic if public health policies are adapted to the country’s needs, being possible to achieve the goal as early as 2026.

Conclusion
In Austria, the LEHC tool allowed to forecast the HCV elimination year anticipation to 2026, instead of being achieved after 2030. This target will only be valid if adequate management of the 24 public health policies focused on this pathology is further implemented.
Practice rather than preach: cultural practices and female social entrepreneurship
Authors: Hechavarría Diana M. , Brieger Steven A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper draws on practice theory to argue that the practiced culture of a society and gender interact to create cultured capacities for social entrepreneurship among entrepreneurs. We combine data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) with the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) and World Bank (WB) to identify what cultural practices are most relevant for female entrepreneurs’ practice of social entrepreneurship across 33 countries. Our findings suggest that female entrepreneurs are more likely to engage in social entrepreneurship when cultural practices of power distance, humane orientation, and in-group collectivism are low, and cultural practices of future orientation and uncertainty avoidance are high, when compared to male entrepreneurs.
Does the citation period have any effect on the informative value of selected citation indicators in research evaluations?
Authors: Clermont Marcel , Krolak Johanna , Tunger Dirk 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo date, there has not been any definitive statement for bibliometric analyses from the scientific community as to how long to make the period for analysis in order to guarantee the maximum possible validity of citation analyses. Up to now, it has been particularly unclear as to whether different disciplines and citation indicators have any effect on what period for analysis to select. This is why this study aims to provide answers to these issues. Therefore, publications in the fields of business studies, biology, and medicine from 2007 to 2009 are surveyed. The citations from ten separate consecutive citation periods from 2009 up to 2018 are generated for these publications from Web of Science and selected citation indicators are calculated for them. The results show that the fundamental validity of citation indicators increases with time. However, if the goal of the analyses is to establish a ranking order, then even short citation periods are informative. Our results are stable in terms of the disciplines, although differences do occur in the citation indicators under consideration.