bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineral profiling of muscle and hepatic tissues of Australian Merino, Damara and Dorper lambs: Effect of weight loss
Authors: Ribeiro David Miguel , Scanlon Tim , Kilminster Tanya , Martins Cátia Falcão , Greeff Johan , Milton John , Oldham Chris , Freire João P. B. , Mourato Miguel P. , de Almeida André Martinho 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSeasonal weight loss (SWL) is a major constraint to extensive animal production systems. The Australian sheep production is based on merino sheep, a European breed not tolerant to SWL. Tolerant alternative breeds such as the fat‐tailed Damara and the Dorper have been increasingly used in Australia and elsewhere, due to their robustness. The aim of this study was to understand the mineral profile of muscle and liver tissues of Australian Merino, Damara and Dorper, when subjected to SWL in order to understand SWL‐tolerance physiology. Twenty‐four lambs were divided randomly between growing (control) and nutritionally restricted groups for each breed. The trial lasted 42 days. Animals were weighed bi‐weekly and at the end of the trial, lambs were slaughtered. Liver and muscle samples were taken immediately after slaughter. Mineral assessment was carried out using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. Analysis of variance showed mineral concentrations were generally increased in the muscle of restricted animals, mainly because of fat tissue mobilization. An increase in Zn and Fe concentrations indicates an increase of enzymatic activity in the liver of restricted sheep as well as differential abundance of Fe‐containing proteins. High concentrations of Cu in the liver of Dorper indicate higher ability to accumulate this element, even under SWL.
Requirements of metabolizable protein by Dorper × thin‐tailed Han crossbred ewe lambs
Authors: Deng Kai‐Dong , Ma Tao , Jiang Cheng‐Gang , Tu Yan , Zhang Nai‐Feng , Liu Jie , Zhao Yi‐Guang , Xu Gui‐Shan , Diao Qi‐Yu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe requirement of net protein (NP) and metabolizable protein (MP) by Dorper crossbred ewe lambs grown from 35 to 50 kg of body weight (BW) was assessed by comparative slaughter experiment. Thirty‐five ewe lambs (33.5 ± 0.6 kg BW) of F1 crosses of Dorper × thin‐tailed Han sheep were used: 7 lambs were slaughtered as reference animals at the start of the trial, and the remaining 28 lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups of 7 lambs each. Three of the 4 groups were fed a pelleted mixed diet (concentrate/roughage = 44:56, dry matter basis) for ad libitum intake or 65% or 45% of ad libitum intake, and they were all slaughtered when the lambs that were fed ad libitum reached 50 kg BW. The lambs from the fourth group were also fed ad libitum and slaughtered at 43 kg BW as the intermediate group. The intake of MP by the animals of these 4 groups was estimated, and their total body protein and protein retention were measured. The daily requirements of NP and MP for maintenance were 1.52 and 3.98 g/kg BW0.75, respectively, with a partial efficiency of MP utilization for maintenance of 0.38. The MP requirement for growth ranged from 77.4 to 124.5 g/day for average daily gains from 100 to 250 g BW, and the partial efficiency of MP utilization for growth was 0.66. The Dorper crossbred ewe lambs required more MP for both maintenance and growth in comparison with the recommendations of the US nutritional system.
Association between human cytomegalovirus and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Botero Javier Enrique , Rodríguez‐Medina Carolina , Jaramillo‐Echeverry Adriana , Contreras Adolfo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and objectiveHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been associated with periodontitis and apical periodontitis. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between HCMV and periodontitis, and apical periodontitis of endodontic origin.Material and methodsA systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines and registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). The search for potential studies was performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO. A quality assessment of the studies, publication bias analysis, and meta‐analysis was performed. The results are presented in odds ratio with 95% confidence interval with the corresponding Forest plot. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the consistency of the results.ResultsThirty‐two studies were included in the quantitative and qualitative analyses. Of these, 26 were in periodontitis patients and 6 in apical periodontitis patients. Forest plot of combined studies revealed significant increased odds for periodontitis when subgingival HCMV was detected (OR 5.31; 95% CI 3.15‐8.97). Sensitivity analysis based on quality of the included studies, showed consistent results. In contrast, the odds ratio for apical periodontitis when HCMV was detected from apical lesions was not statistically significant (OR 3.65; 95% CI 0.49‐27.10).ConclusionsThe results from the meta‐analysis indicate that HCMV is significantly associated with periodontitis. In contrast, HCMV infection is not associated with apical periodontitis.
Effect of 12 weeks continuous positive airway pressure on day and night arterial stiffness and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Krogager Christoffer , Banghøj Anne Margareta , Poulsen Per L. , Kirkegaard Martin G. , Thorsteinsson Birger , Tarnow Lise , Hansen Klavs W. , Laugesen Esben 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on pulse wave velocity and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea. A randomized controlled study was performed, including 72 patients with type 2 diabetes and newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea recruited from outpatient clinics at three Danish hospitals. The patients were randomized to continuous positive airway pressure for 12 weeks or no continuous positive airway pressure. Office measurements were performed at baseline, 4 weeks and 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks, a 24‐hr measurement of pulse wave velocity and blood pressure was performed. No significant change was observed in the primary outcome variable of carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity measured with SphygmoCor. With the Mobil‐O‐Graph, changes in office pulse wave velocity between the groups were significant: 0.3 m/s; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–0.6; p = .02. The group receiving continuous positive airway pressure had a larger decrease in pulse wave velocity than controls but none of the changes within the groups were significant. No significant change in ambulatory blood pressure was observed in any of the two groups after 12 weeks. In conclusion, continuous positive airway pressure treatment for 12 weeks does not significantly reduce pulse wave velocity or blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea.
The neglected importance of floral traits in trait‐based plant community assembly
Authors: E‐Vojtkó Anna , de Bello Francesco , Durka Walter , Kühn Ingolf , Götzenberger Lars 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsFloral traits are frequently studied in population biology and evolutionary ecology but are rarely considered in functional trait‐based studies focusing on the assembly of communities. We address this gap in trait‐based community assembly by synthesizing the existing literature on processes driving floral and pollination‐related trait patterns at community scales. We highlight limitations of the field due to lack of data and suggest potential directions of future research.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search collating studies that investigated floral traits in the context of plant community assembly, which allowed us to synthesize the current state of the art and point out important gaps in our knowledge.ConclusionsThe literature review shows that including pollination‐related traits in community assembly studies can shed new light on species coexistence patterns not accounted for by other types of traits. The synthesis presented here shows the diversity of approaches and existing techniques which can generate a step forward in this open field of research. What currently seems to hinder comprehensive analyses of floral traits at community levels is the lack of data, particularly in existing large repositories for traits worldwide, as well as a gap in linking modern coexistence theory with floral traits.
Everyday peace capture: Nationalism and the dynamics of peace after violent conflict
Authors: Visoka Gëzim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNationalism is arguably one of the most detrimental peace‐breaking factors in conflict‐affected societies. This article examines how ethno‐nationalist elites, subterranean movements, and ordinary people can become blockages to sustainable peace and reconciliation after violent conflict. It argues that peacebuilding and state‐building imposed from outside as conflict transformation approaches without acceptable peace settlement and resolute solution of the disputes among parties in conflict risk enabling the co‐optation of power‐sharing arrangements by ethno‐nationalist elites, contestation of peace and reconciliation by subterranean mono‐ethnic movements, and the occurrence of vernacular peace‐breaking acts. This negative mutation of nationalism not only harms peace, justice, and development but also undermines the rights and needs of distinct identity groups. Under these conditions, escaping the nationalism trap in conflict‐affected societies requires seeking political change through post‐ethnic politics and reconciliation through everyday pacifist acts undertaken by the affected communities themselves. The article draws on Kosovo to illustrate empirically the dynamics of peace‐breaking and practices of everyday nationalism. It seeks to bridge debates on nationalism and post‐conflict peacebuilding and offer alternative pathways for rethinking strategies of peace in divided societies.
Epistemic justice and everyday nationalism: An auto‐ethnography of transnational student encounters in a post‐war memory and reconciliation project in Kosovo
Authors: Luci Nita , Schwandner‐Sievers Stephanie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis contribution introduces an exercise in epistemic justice to the study of everyday nationalism in post‐conflict, transnational (local and international) encounters. It explores how everyday nationalism, in often unexpected and hidden ways, underpinned a cocreational, educational project involving several local (Albanian) and international (British based) university students and staff collaborating on the theme of post‐war memory and reconciliation in Kosovo. The set‐up resembled a microcosm of transnational social encounters in project collaborations in which the problem of nationalism, typically, is associated with one side only: here, the Kosovars. Guided by Goffman's (1982) social interactionist framework, the study employs selected participants' paraethnographic and auto‐ethnographic reflections of their project experiences and practices after the event in order to trace the everyday workings of mutual assumptions and constructions of a national self and other for all sides involved. In this, it explores how the project participants' asymmetric positioning within a wider, global context of unequal power relations shaped their vernacular epistemologies of belonging and identity. It thereby excavated what otherwise taken‐for‐granted criteria can become relevant in such local/international social encounters as reflected upon and how the enduring power imbalances underpinning these might best be redressed.
Using document analysis to identify core concepts for dietetics: The first step in promoting conceptual learning
Authors: Tweedie Judith , Palermo Claire , Wright Hattie H. , Pelly Fiona E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConcept‐based approaches to curriculum design have been proposed in nursing and health sciences education to address the issue of content overload in curricula but have not been described in dietetics. This study aimed to identify core concepts for the dietetics discipline in Australia and investigate the commonality and differences in these concepts across different dietetic organizations across the world. This study used document analysis of a purposive sample of international dietetics competency or proficiency standards identified from English‐speaking dietetic organizations worldwide. Content analysis was applied to the performance criteria or equivalent from 10 documents (nine organizations) to identify the most common elements. A total of 1,007 statements were analyzed. Fifty‐six concepts were developed. The four most frequent concepts coded across all statements were “critical thinking,” “communication,” “nutrition and dietetic service,” and “quality assurance and improvement.” There were 55 concepts common to all standards. The concept of “food security” was not present in one of the standards from the United States. The concepts that emerged from this study were common across different English‐speaking dietetic organizations across the world. Small differences on the emphasis of concepts, between different competency standards may reflect the health needs; health, political, economic, and social systems; and the cultural context of a country. Identifying core concepts in dietetics is the first step to help to inform curriculum design, which may address overcrowded curricular and promote conceptual learning.
Association between opioid usage and rectal dysfunction in constipation: A cross‐sectional study of 2754 patients
Authors: Vollebregt Paul F. , Hooper Richard L. , Farmer Adam D. , Miller Jonjo , Knowles Charles H. , Scott S. Mark 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundOpioid use has reached epidemic proportions. In contrast to the known effect of opioids on gut transit, the effect on rectal sensorimotor function has not been comprehensively investigated.MethodsCross‐sectional (hypothesis‐generating) study of anorectal physiology studies in 2754 adult patients referred to a tertiary unit (2004‐2016) for investigation of functional constipation (defined by “derived” Rome IV core criteria). Statistical associations between opioid usage, symptoms, and anorectal physiological variables were investigated. Opioids were sub‐classified as prescriptions for mild‐moderate or moderate‐severe pain.Key ResultsA total of 2354 patients (85.5%) were classified as non‐opioid users, 162 (5.9%) as opioid users for mild‐moderate pain, and 238 (8.6%) for moderate‐severe pain. Opioids for moderate‐severe pain were associated with increased symptomatic severity (Cleveland Clinic constipation score 18.5 vs 15.1; mean difference 2.9 [95%‐CI 2.3‐3.6]; P < .001), rectal hyposensitivity (odds ratio 1.74 [95%‐CI 1.23‐2.46]; P = .002), functional evacuation disorders (odds ratio 1.73 [95%‐CI 1.28‐2.34]; P < .001), and delayed whole‐gut transit (odds ratio 1.68 [95%‐CI 1.19‐2.37]; P = .003). Differences in anorectal variables between opioid users for mild‐moderate pain and non‐opioid users were not statistically significant. Hierarchical opioid use (non vs mild‐moderate vs moderate‐severe) was associated with decreasing proportions of patients with no physiological abnormality on testing (40.2% vs 38.1% vs 29.2%) and increasing proportions with both delayed whole‐gut transit and rectal sensorimotor dysfunction (16.6% vs 17.5% vs 28.5%).Conclusions and InferencesOpioid use is over‐represented in patients referred for investigation of constipation. Opioids for moderate‐severe pain are associated with rectal sensorimotor abnormalities. Further studies are required to determine whether this association indicates causation.
Effects of substrate mechanics on angiogenic capacity and nitric oxide release in human endothelial cells
Authors: Jannatbabaei Atefeh , Tafazzoli‐Shadpour Mohammad , Seyedjafari Ehsan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLoss of vascular elasticity results from progressive degeneration of the extracellular matrix of elastic arteries under the effect of aging and certain diseases, including atherosclerosis. To investigate the influence of vessel wall stiffening on endothelial cell (EC) function, we seeded human umbilical vein ECs onto variably compliant polydimethylsiloxane substrates. When plated on the more compliant substrate, ECs assembled into capillary‐like structures. By contrast, they failed to form a network on stiff substrates, even in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cell proliferation and migration increased with stiffness, while ECs released more nitric oxide (NO) on the soft substrate. Treatment with VEGF increased migration and NO release in a stiffness‐dependent manner. Atomic force microscopy measurement of cell elasticity along with actin fiber analysis revealed that ECs plated on the more compliant surface were mechanically softer, with mostly diffuse actin arrangement. Our results demonstrate that matrix stiffening induces actin reorganizations, reflected by cortical stiffening in ECs, which may lead to a decrease in their angiogenic capacity and NO release. Hence, the mechanical properties of ECs display a prognostic and therapeutic potential and might serve as a reliable biomarker of vascular function.
Identifying contemporary early retirement factors and strategies to encourage and enable longer working lives: A scoping review
Authors: Wilson Donna M. , Errasti‐Ibarrondo Begoña , Low Gail , O'Reilly Pauline , Murphy Fiona , Fahy Anne , Murphy Jill 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimAccelerating population ageing is raising concern in many countries now in relation to the availability of workers for essential work roles and responsibilities. A scoping research literature review was done to identify factors currently associated with early retirement and contemporary strategies to encourage and support longer working lives.MethodsUsing the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist, we searched the Directory of Open Access Journals and EBSCO Discovery Service for published 2013–2018 research articles using the keyword/MeSH term “early retirement”; 54 English‐language articles in peer‐review journals were reviewed.ResultsSeven early retirement factors were revealed: Ill health, good health, workplace issues, the work itself, ageism, social norms and having achieved personal financial or pension requirement criteria. Six suggested solutions, none proven effective, were identified: Occupational health programmes, workplace enhancements, work adjustments, addressing ageism, changing social norms and pension changes.ConclusionsThe evidence base on early retirement prevention is not strong, with qualitative investigations needed for in‐depth understandings of early retirement influences and mixed‐methods studies needed to test early retirement prevention solutions for their effects.Implications for practiceUntil more evidence is available, every organisation should perform an early retirement risk assessment and identify current versus needed policies and programmes to encourage and enable more middle‐aged and older people to work longer.
Correlation between an ABO Blood Group and Primary Femoral Head Necrosis: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Yang Shu‐Yan , Zeng Ling‐Yuan , Li Chao , Yan Hong 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between primary femoral head necrosis (ONFH) and an ABO blood group.MethodsThis study was a retrospective case–control trial. An analysis of the clinical data of an ABO blood group with 516 patients (case group) with ONFH and 489 limb‐fracture patients (control group) without previous hip pain was obtained from the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from November 2015 to November 2018. The clinical data included gender, age, height, weight, a history of smoking, alcohol abuse, prior medical history, hormone use, and ABO blood type. A logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsFrom November 2015 to November 2018, there were 267 males and 249 females in the 516 cases of ONFH in the case group. The control group included 289 males and 200 females. In terms of age, the average age of the case group was significantly lower than that of the control group. In terms of body mass index (BMI), the BMI of the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). From the previous medical history of patients in the two groups (coronary heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and peripheral vascular disease), there was no significant difference between the two groups from a statistical perspective (P < 0.05). However, according to the risk factors of ONFH (smoking, alcohol abuse, hyperlipidemia, and hormone‐use history), there were significant differences between the case group and the control group. There was no statistical difference in the quantitative distribution ratio of the four blood types – A, B, O, and AB – between the case group and the control group. The outcomes of logistic multiple regression analysis presented that there was no significant correlation between the occurrence of ONFH and blood type A, B, AB, and O (P > 0.05). However, there are significant differences in the disease progression between the different blood types. There was a significant difference in the progression of disease between type A and type O. Among them, patients with ONFH and type A blood had the fastest progression with an average of 2.318 years, and the slowest progression was found in type O blood with an average of 5.15 years.ConclusionsThe ABO blood group has no correlation with the occurrence of ONFH, but the ABO blood type is closely related to the disease progression of ONFH.
Diaphragmatic hernias after pediatric liver transplantation: Experience of a high‐volume transplant center
Authors: Karakas Serdar , Sahin Tevfik Tolga , Kutluturk Koray , Otan Emrah , Baskiran Adil , Sarici Kemal Baris , Varol Ilknur , Aydin Cemalettin , Kayaalp Cuneyt , Yilmaz Sezai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDiaphragmatic hernias (DHs) are rare complications after pediatric liver transplantation (PLT). It is now widely accepted that DHs after liver transplantation (LT) is a pediatric related condition. PLTs (under of age 18) performed between January 2013 and June 2019 at Malatya Inonu University Institute of Liver Transplantation were retrospectively scanned. Study group consisting DHs and a control group were compared. Among 280 PLTs, 8 of them were complicated with DHs (%2.9). Median age of the patients with DH was 3.0 (0.8‐9.5) years. Median graft recipient weight ratio was 2.5 (0.9‐4.4). Five patients were below 5th percentiles in terms of pediatric weight growth chart at the time of LT. Also, 6 patients were below 5th percentiles in terms of pediatric height growth chart. There was no statistical difference between study and control groups. There are many risk factors mentioned in literature that may be primarily responsible for DHs after PLT. These factors are left lobe and large‐for‐size grafts, malnutrition, trauma or diathermy of diaphragmatic nerve and vessels and immunosuppressants. In our study, we could not specify any reason that differs in DHs. In our aspect, narrow diaphragma and thorax are exposed to high intra‐abdominal pressure from abdomen. Large‐for‐size grafts, which are specific to children, also may contribute to this affect. Excessive diathermy and trauma to diaphragmatic collaterals may aggravate the risk of DH. More patients are needed to make an exact conclusion, in order to evaluate with comparable study on this aspect.