bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal trajectory patterns of plasma albumin and C-reactive protein levels around diagnosis, relapse, bacteraemia, and death of acute myeloid leukaemia patients
Authors: Gradel Kim Oren , Póvoa Pedro , Garvik Olav Sivertsen , Vinholt Pernille Just , Nielsen Stig Lønberg , Jensen Thøger Gorm , Chen Ming , Dessau Ram Benny , Møller Jens Kjølseth , Coia John Eugenio , Ljungdalh Pernille Sanberg , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Frederiksen Henrik 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
No study has evaluated C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma albumin (PA) levels longitudinally in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).

Methods
We studied defined events in 818 adult patients with AML in relation to 60,209 CRP and PA measures. We investigated correlations between CRP and PA levels and daily CRP and PA levels in relation to AML diagnosis, AML relapse, or bacteraemia (all ±30 days), and death (─30–0 days).

Results
On the AML diagnosis date (D0), CRP levels increased with higher WHO performance score (PS), e.g. patients with PS 3/4 had 68.1 mg/L higher CRP compared to patients with PS 0, adjusted for relevant covariates. On D0, the PA level declined with increasing PS, e.g. PS 3/4 had 7.54 g/L lower adjusted PA compared to PS 0. CRP and PA levels were inversely correlated for the PA interval 25–55 g/L (R = − 0.51, p < 10–5), but not for ≤24 g/L (R = 0.01, p = 0.57). CRP increases and PA decreases were seen prior to bacteraemia and death, whereas no changes occurred up to AML diagnosis or relapse. CRP increases and PA decreases were also found frequently in individuals, unrelated to a pre-specified event.

Conclusions
PA decrease is an important biomarker for imminent bacteraemia in adult patients with AML.
Comorbidity in lung cancer patients and its association with medical service cost and treatment choice in China
Authors: Ding Ruoxi , Zhu Dawei , He Ping , Ma Yong , Chen Zhishui , Shi Xuefeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
It is evident that comorbidity exacerbate the complexity of the management of lung cancer, however, limited research has been conducted to investigate the impact of comorbidity on health service utilization and cost, as well as the treatment choice among lung cancer patients. We examined the association of comorbidity with medical service utilization, cost and treatment choice among lung cancer patients in China.

Methods
We used claims data from China Urban Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) and Urban Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) between 2013 to 2016 and data from Hospital Information System (HIS) Database in Beijing Cancer Hospital (BCH). Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was used to assess comorbidity. Negative binomial regression, generalized linear model (GLM) with a gamma distribution and a log link, and logistic regression was applied to assess the associations between comorbidity and medical service utilization, cost and treatment choice, respectively.

Results
Among 8655 patients with lung cancer, 31.3% of had at least one comorbid conditions. Having comorbidity was associated with increased number of annual outpatient visits (1.6, 95%CI: 1.3, 1.9) and inpatients admissions (0.8, 95%CI, 0.70, 0.90), increased outpatient (USD635.5, 95%CI: 490.3, 780.8) and inpatient expenditure (USD2 470.3, 95CI%: 1998.6, 2941.9), as well as increased possibility of choosing radio therapy (OR: 1.208, 95%CI:1.012–1.441) and chemotherapy (1.363, 1.196–1.554), and decreased possibility of choosing surgery (0.850, 0.730–0.989). The medical utilization and expenditure, the possibility of choosing radiotherapy increases, and the possibility of choosing surgery decreases with the increasing number of chronic conditions. There are variations in the association with medical service utilization and expenditure, and treatment choice among individuals with different types of comorbid conditions.

Conclusion
Comorbidity among lung cancer patients restricts the potential treatment choices and poses an extra substantial health care burden. Our findings provide implications for both the clinical management and health service planning and financing for lung cancer patients.
Empirical examination of executive functioning, ADHD associated behaviors, and functional impairments in adults with persistent ADHD, remittent ADHD, and without ADHD
Authors: Roselló Belén , Berenguer Carmen , Baixauli Inmaculada , Mira Álvaro , Martinez-Raga Jose , Miranda Ana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies suggest that childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may continue in adulthood, producing adverse effects. Therefore, identifying factors that help to differentiate characteristics of ADHD persistence and remission has practical implications for evaluation and treatment. The first aim of this study was to analyze differences in executive functions (shift, working memory, inhibition, and plan/organize), symptoms associated with ADHD (inattention, hyperactivity, emotional lability, and self-concept), and functional impairments in adults with persistent ADHD (ADHD-P), with remittent ADHD (ADHD-R), and without ADHD (N-ADHD). The second aim was to study the contribution of functional impairments in these three groups based on executive functions and associated ADHD behaviors.

Methods
Participants were 115 adults, 61 with a childhood ADHD diagnosis (40 persisters and 21 remitters) and 54 individuals with typical development. Self-reports were collected on executive functions, symptoms associated with ADHD, and functional impairments. Multivariate Analyses of Variance were conducted to test differences between the ADHD-P, ADHD-R, and N-ADHD groups on the evaluated variables. In addition, analyses were performed using two structural equation models with observed variables (path analyses).

Results
The results indicated that significant executive and behavioral impairments and adverse functional outcomes in different life domains are related to the diagnostic persistence of ADHD. Recovery from the disorder is associated with better results, although hyperactivity/restlessness behaviors and plan/organize deficits continue to be present in remitter individuals.

Conclusions
The ADHD-P and ADHD-R groups showed some differences in their executive, behavioral, and functional impairments. Furthermore, the impairments in each group can be predicted by different executive functions and other symptoms associated with the disorder. These results should be taken into account in order to improve clinical practice.
Resection of retrohepatic inferior vena cava without reconstruction in ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Xianwei , Wang Tao , Kong Junjie , Huang Bin , Wang Wentao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Retrohepatic inferior vena cava (RIVC) resection without reconstruction in ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ERAT) for advanced alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is unclear.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients referred to our hospital from 2014 to 2018. Depending on the presence of a rich collateral circulation and stable blood volume in ERAT, patients did not rebuild the RIVC. Then, patients were selected some appropriate revascularization techniques for the hepatic and renal veins. Finally, all ERAT procedures were completed, and short- and long-term outcomes were observed.

Results
Five advanced HAE patients underwent ERAT without RIVC reconstruction. One patient died of circulatory failure 1 day after surgery. Another four patients, with a median follow-up duration of 18 months (range, 10–25 months), demonstrated normal liver and kidney function, no thrombosis and no HAE recurrence.

Conclusions
Through the long-term results of ERAT, the pros and cons of not reconstructing the RIVC need to be re-examined. In cases with a rich collateral circulation, the RIVC cannot be reconstructed. However, in cases requiring the resection of multiple organs, RIVC without reconstruction was prudential.
Therapeutic effect of intraductal saline irrigation in chronic obstructive sialadenitis
Authors: Kim Jo-Eun , Lee Sam-Sun , Lee Chena , Huh Kyung-Hoe , Yi Won-Jin , Heo Min-Suk , Choi Soon-Chul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intraductal irrigation using normal saline in chronic obstructive sialadenitis.

Methods
Patients who had one of the following symptoms were recruited: pain, swelling, stiffness, and dry mouth. A total of 58 salivary glands in 33 patients were diagnosed as having sialadenitis using sialography and ultrasonography. The patients were divided into two groups (swelling group and dry mouth group), according to the major complaint. Repeated intraductal irrigation was performed on each gland. Difference of symptom severity evaluated using numerical rating scale (NRS), and ductal width measured using ultrasonography were compared between the two groups.

Results
The average NRS score was significantly decreased from 6.0 to 3.3 after 3–5 visits of intraductal irrigation (P < 0.05). The reduction in NRS was greater in the swelling group than in the dry mouth group, although the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. There was no change of ductal width before and after the irrigation.

Conclusions
Intraductal irrigation according to this study method using normal saline is a simple treatment for the patients with chronic obstructive sialadenitis. It provides a conservative treatment option reducing the subjective symptoms.
Is social capital protective against hospital readmissions?
Authors: Zlotnick Hanna , Hoffman Geoffrey J. , Nuliyalu Ushapoorna , Engler Tedi A. , Langa Kenneth M. , Ryan Andrew M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the association between social capital and 30-day readmission to the hospital among Medicare beneficiaries overall, beneficiaries with dementia and related memory disorders, and beneficiaries with dual eligibility for Medicaid.

Methods
Using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data linked with 2008–2015 Medicare claims from traditional Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized during the study period (1246 unique respondents, 2212 total responses), we examined whether dementia and related memory disorders and dual eligibility were associated with social capital. We then estimated a multiple regression model to test whether social capital was associated with a reduced likelihood of readmission.

Results
Dementia was associated with an − 0.241 standard deviation (sd) change in social capital (95% CI: − 0.378, − 0.103), dual eligibility with a − 0.461 sd change (95% CI: − 0.611, − 0.310), and the occurrence of both was associated with an additional − 0.236 sd change (95% CI: − 0.525, − 0.053). 30-day readmission rates were 14.47% over the study period. In both adjusted and unadjusted models, social capital was associated with small and nonsignificant differences in 30-day readmissions. These effects did not vary across dementia status and socioeconomic status.

Conclusions
Dementia and dual eligibility were associated with lower social capital, but social capital was not associated with the risk of readmission for any population.
Progress of equalizing basic public health services in Southwest China--- health education delivery in primary healthcare sectors
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Yong , Liu Shili , Liang Shengxiang , Wang Geng , Li Li , Luo Xingneng , Li Ying 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Equalizing basic public health services (BPHS) for all has been one goal of the health system reform in China since 2009. At the end of the 12th five-year plan, we conducted a series of surveys to understand BPHS implementation in Southwest China, and firstly reported implementation of health education (HE) and explore the barriers to HE delivery.

Methods
Mixed research methods were used to investigate achievement in and barriers to HE in Southwest China. SPSS 22.0 was used for data analysis.

Results
Nine hundred and eighty-nine residents were surveyed by questionnaire. 16 health care workers (HCWs) and 16 directors from 16 PHC sectors were included in the in-depth interviews. Less than 50% of residents who knew or utilized some item of HE. Age, residence, region (Chongqing or Guizhou), marital status, education, occupation, type and quality of primary health care (PHC) sectors to deliver BPHS, self-reported health and status of chronic diseases were associated with knowledge or utilization of HE. Distance to PHC sectors was associated with the knowledge of HE, gender and health insurance were associated with utilization of HE. Age, marital status, occupation region and self-reported health were associated with satisfaction regarding HE. Barriers to HE delivery included defects in HE design, weak capacity in PHC sectors to provide HE, residents’ poor cooperation, lack of multi-sector cooperation, poor equipment and weak health system.

Conclusions
Southwest China delivered HE in all PHC sectors. However, our study underlined many barriers to equalization of HE. To address those barriers and achieve HE quality improvement, comprehensive measures to improve capacity of PHC sectors, enhance multi-sector cooperation and strengthen health information systems are all urgent needs.
A micro-elimination approach to addressing hepatitis C in Turkey
Authors: Idilman Ramazan , Razavi Homie , Robbins-Scott Sarah , Akarca Ulus Salih , Örmeci Necati , Kaymakoglu Sabahattin , Aygen Bilgehan , Tozun Nurdan , Güner Rahmet , Bodur Hurrem , Lazarus Jeffrey V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2016, WHO passed the Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (GHSS), calling for its elimination by 2030. Two years later, Turkey approved a strategy to reach the WHO targets. This study reports new national prevalence data, breaks it down by subpopulation, and models scenarios to reach HCV elimination.MethodsLiterature was reviewed for estimates of HCV disease burden in Turkey. They were discussed with stakeholders and used as inputs to develop a disease burden model. The infected population was estimated by sequelae for the years 2015–2030. Three scenarios were developed to evaluate the disease burden in Turkey: a Base 2017 scenario, representing the current standard of care in Turkey; an increased treatment scenario, representing the impact of improved access to DAAs; and a WHO targets scenario, which meet the WHO GHSS viral hepatitis targets of a 65% reduction in mortality and 90% diagnosis rate of the infected population by 2030.ResultsAt the beginning of 2017, 271,000 viremic infections were estimated. Of these, 58,400 were diagnosed and 10,200 treated. Modelling results showed that, with the current treatment paradigm in Turkey, by 2030 the total number of viremic HCV infections would decline by 35%, while liver-related deaths, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and decompensated cirrhosis would decrease by 10–25%. In theincreased treatment scenario, by 2030 viremic HCV infections would decrease by 50%; liver-related deaths, HCC and decompensated cirrhosis would decrease by 45–70%. In theWHO targets scenario, HCV infections would decrease by 80%; sequelae would decrease by 80–85%. Data on disease burden in micro-elimination target subpopulations are largely unavailable.ConclusionsTo meet the WHO Global Health Sector Strategy targets for the elimination of HCV, Turkey needs to increase treatment. Better data are needed as well as countrywide access to DAAs.
DDX39B interacts with the pattern recognition receptor pathway to inhibit NF-κB and sensitize to alkylating chemotherapy
Authors: Szymura Szymon J. , Bernal Giovanna M. , Wu Longtao , Zhang Zhongqin , Crawley Clayton D. , Voce David J. , Campbell Paige-Ashley , Ranoa Diana E. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Yamini Bakhtiar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) plays a prominent role in promoting inflammation and resistance to DNA damaging therapy. We searched for proteins that modulate the NF-κB response as a prerequisite to identifying novel factors that affect sensitivity to DNA damaging chemotherapy.

Results
Using streptavidin-agarose pull-down, we identified the DExD/H-box RNA helicase, DDX39B, as a factor that differentially interacts with κB DNA probes. Subsequently, using both RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we demonstrated that DDX39B inhibits NF-κB activity by a general mechanism involving inhibition of p65 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, DDX39B mediates this effect by interacting with the pattern recognition receptor (PRR), LGP2, a pathway that required the cellular response to cytoplasmic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). From a functional standpoint, loss of DDX39B promoted resistance to alkylating chemotherapy in glioblastoma cells. Further examination of DDX39B demonstrated that its protein abundance was regulated by site-specific sumoylation that promoted its poly-ubiquitination and degradation. These post-translational modifications required the presence of the SUMO E3 ligase, PIASx-β. Finally, genome-wide analysis demonstrated that despite the link to the PRR system, DDX39B did not generally inhibit interferon-stimulated gene expression, but rather acted to attenuate expression of factors associated with the extracellular matrix, cellular migration, and angiogenesis.

Conclusions
These results identify DDX39B, a factor with known functions in mRNA splicing and nuclear export, as an RNA-binding protein that blocks a subset of the inflammatory response. While these findings identify a pathway by which DDX39B promotes sensitization to DNA damaging therapy, the data also reveal a mechanism by which this helicase may act to mitigate autoimmune disease.
Phase-I trial of survivin inhibition with EZN-3042 in dogs with spontaneous lymphoma
Authors: Thamm Douglas H. , Joseph Jenette K. , Rose Barbara J. , Meuten Travis K. , Weishaar Kristen M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Lymphoma is a common cancer in dogs. While most dogs receiving chemotherapy experience remission, very few are cured, and median survival times are generally in the 12-month range. Novel approaches to treatment are unquestionably needed. The Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) family member survivin, which is one of the most commonly overexpressed proteins in human cancer, plays a key role in apoptosis resistance, a major cause of drug-resistant treatment failure. Survivin targeting therapies have shown promise preclinically; however, none have been evaluated in dogs to date. The goal of the current study was to determine the safety and pharmacodynamic effects of systemic administration of the anti-survivin locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotide EZN-3042 in dogs with lymphoma.

Results
We performed a prospective phase-I clinical trial in dogs with biopsy-accessible peripheral nodal lymphoma. Eighteen dogs were treated with EZN-3042 as a 2-h IV infusion at 5 dose levels, from 3.25 to 8.25 mg/kg twice weekly for 3 treatments. No dose-limiting toxicities were encountered. Reduction in tumor survivin mRNA and protein were observed in 3 of 5 evaluable dogs at the 8.25 mg/kg dose cohort.

Conclusions
In conclusion, reduced survivin expression was demonstrated in lymphoma tissues in the majority of dogs treated with EZN-3042 at 8.25 mg/kg twice weekly, which was associated with minimal adverse effects. This dose may be used in future studies of EZN-3042/chemotherapy combinations in dogs with spontaneous lymphoma and other cancers.
Characterization of a novel family VIII esterase EstM2 from soil metagenome capable of hydrolyzing estrogenic phthalates
Authors: Sarkar Jayita , Dutta Arindam , Pal Chowdhury Piyali , Chakraborty Joydeep , Dutta Tapan K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Microbes are rich sources of enzymes and esterases are one of the most important classes of enzymes because of their potential for application in the field of food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals and bioremediation. Due to limitations in their cultivation, only a small fraction of the complex microbial communities can be cultured from natural habitats. Thus to explore the catalytic potential of uncultured organisms, the metagenomic approach has turned out to be an effective alternative method for direct mining of enzymes of interest. Based on activity-based screening method, an esterase-positive clone was obtained from metagenomic libraries.

Results
Functional screening of a soil metagenomic fosmid library, followed by transposon mutagenesis led to the identification of a 1179 bp esterase gene, estM2, that encodes a 392 amino acids long protein (EstM2) with a translated molecular weight of 43.12 kDa. Overproduction, purification and biochemical characterization of the recombinant protein demonstrated carboxylesterase activity towards short-chain fatty acyl esters with optimal activity for p-nitrophenyl butyrate at pH 8.0 and 37 °C. Amino acid sequence analysis and subsequent phylogenetic analysis suggested that EstM2 belongs to the family VIII esterases that bear modest similarities to class C β-lactamases. EstM2 possessed the conserved S-x-x-K motif of class C β-lactamases but did not exhibit β-lactamase activity. Guided by molecular docking analysis, EstM2 was shown to hydrolyze a wide range of di- and monoesters of alkyl-, aryl- and benzyl-substituted phthalates. Thus, EstM2 displays an atypical hydrolytic potential of biotechnological significance within family VIII esterases.

Conclusions
This study has led to the discovery of a new member of family VIII esterases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first phthalate hydrolase (EstM2), isolated from a soil metagenomic library that belongs to a family possessing β-lactamase like catalytic triad. Based on its catalytic potential towards hydrolysis of both phthalate diesters and phthalate monoesters, this enzyme may find use to counter the growing pollution caused by phthalate-based plasticizers in diverse geological environment and in other aspects of biotechnological applications.
Porous gold nanoparticles for attenuating infectivity of influenza A virus
Authors: Kim Jinyoung , Yeom Minjoo , Lee Taeksu , Kim Hyun-Ouk , Na Woonsung , Kang Aram , Lim Jong-Woo , Park Geunseon , Park Chaewon , Song Daesub , Haam Seungjoo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Influenza viruses (IVs) have become increasingly resistant to antiviral drugs that target neuraminidase and matrix protein 2 due to gene mutations that alter their drug-binding target protein regions. Consequently, almost all recent IV pandemics have exhibited resistance to commercial antiviral vaccines. To overcome this challenge, an antiviral target is needed that is effective regardless of genetic mutations.

Main body
In particular, hemagglutinin (HA), a highly conserved surface protein across many IV strains, could be an effective antiviral target as it mediates binding of IVs with host cell receptors, which is crucial for membrane fusion. HA has 6 disulfide bonds that can easily bind with the surfaces of gold nanoparticles. Herein, we fabricated porous gold nanoparticles (PoGNPs) via a surfactant-free emulsion method that exhibited strong affinity for disulfide bonds due to gold–thiol interactions, and provided extensive surface area for these interactions. A remarkable decrease in viral infectivity was demonstrated by increased cell viability results after exposing MDCK cells to various IV strains (H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2) treated with PoGNP. Most of all, the viability of MDCK cells infected with all IV strains increased to 96.8% after PoGNP treatment of the viruses compared to 33.9% cell viability with non-treated viruses. Intracellular viral RNA quantification by real-time RT-PCR also confirmed that PoGNP successfully inhibited viral membrane fusion by blocking the viral entry process through conformational deformation of HA.

Conclusion
We believe that the technique described herein can be further developed for PoGNP-utilized antiviral protection as well as metal nanoparticle-based therapy to treat viral infection. Additionally, facile detection of IAV can be achieved by developing PoGNP as a multiplatform for detection of the virus.