bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future Nano-grid technologies and its implementation challenges for Smart Cities
Authors: Antonysamy Shinisha , Devi Suriya , Murugasan Dhanushkodi , Simon Edwardwilson Solomon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany technologies have been and are being implemented to make the microgrid model successful in many cities. It is incapable of reaching the scale as predicted because of several obstacles. Smart Nano-grid will cover these lacunae and requirements. The paper illustrates the value of nano-grids in the launch of smart cities by examining the progress of nano and microgrids, alternative energy storage technologies, energy applications, smart gadgets in smart cities. The survey also addressed the implementation challenges associated with a technical and economical point of view. This will provide a wider vision for the researchers to focus on the monitoring and control of nano-grid technologies.
Air quality monitoring and assessment using IoT
Authors: Navi Anwar Gulshan Taj Mohammed , Gunasekar Hari poornima , Krishnan Joyce , Sekar Ramya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Air pollution is both an environmental and a social problem, which affects human health, the ecosystem, and the climate. Air pollution is one of the largest environmental health risks. Quality of the air is the most important factor that directly causes diseases and decreases the quality of life. The development of air quality monitoring system will capture the amount of major pollutant and corresponding sources at appropriate level. These monitoring systems are important components for monitoring the quality of air and for controlling the concentration of main pollutant in the urban areas. The internet of things is referred as the system of interrelated and internet connected objects, which is used to collect and transfer data. In order to monitor the pollution MQ135 sensor, GSM module is used for carrying out the research study in Sona College of Technology, Salem. The fundamental aspects of the proposed project are to reduce the cost of the infrastructure and enhance the data collection and dissemination to all stockholders.
Smart Water Quality and Monitoring of Motor in Bore Well by IoT
Authors: Murugaiyan Nandhini , Sakthivel Elakkiya , Lavakumar Madhumitha , Stephen Audithan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Due to increase in population and over abuse of water and ground water resources, water level has diminished. Irregular distribution of rainfall and monsoon failure makes people to depend on ground water. So they are compelled to bore wells and rely upon it. But Water quality is affected by z both the natural and human activities. Most of the waste are thrower in the landfills and buried on the land. This affects the water quality and also affects the farmland. The progressions in innovation like Internet of things, cloud computing, Web office can be utilized to structure a system to overcome these huge significant problems like low quality drinking water, expanded labour prerequisites, irreversible harm caused to inadequately checked motor. The breakdown of the motor can be avoided by monitoring the water quality and motor parameters. The framework has two sensors for in particular pH sensor to check water quality, ultrasonic sensor to check the water level, temperature and current sensor for motor observing. Single micro-controller chip is used to collect the data from the sensors and a Wi-Fi chip is utilized to send the collected information of a bore well to the cloud. If the data of the water and the motor is abnormal compared to threshold which is set through the code, the information is sent to the mobile application of the person in that locality. In this manner by this framework it is convenience to screen various parameters of borewell remotely in a mobile application.
Monitoring of Historical Structures using Drones
Authors: Taj Gulshan , Anand S , Haneefi A , Kanishka R P , Mythra DHA 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The use of drones has been increased in recent years for surveying, facility management and other relevant fields. However, more recently, the technological progress in the design and navigation of low-weight and autonomous drones and UAVs have resulted in their more practical and cost-effective operation in the fields of construction management and monitoring. This study presents a framework for the development of a fully automated smart construction monitoring and reporting system based on real-time data obtained from drones and UAVs. The data in terms of drone images from multiple locations and point clouds (from 3D scanning of construction site) can be used to construct a 3D model using the photogrammetry techniques. This so-called “drone model” can be compared to BIM model at various construction stages to monitor the construction progress. Beside construction scheduling and costing, this comparison can be expanded to include real-time recording, reporting, billing, verification and planning. The system not only provides convenient and smart ways of site supervision and management but also results in better monitoring operations which are practically difficult by manual methods. The usability of this non-destructive method of damage detection is shown with practical example.
Study on current trends in traffic volume count: Analysis on various modes of Sathyamangalam town
Authors: Loganayagan  , Ramakrishnan  , Mohan Chandra , vetrivel Amudhan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Transportation engineering aims in safe and time productive development of individuals and merchandise through designing strategies and methods on the roadways. Traffic qualities rely upon traffic stream which prompts to safe and time productive development of individuals and items. Without the town’s effective arrangements and traffic executives, the present street foundation can’t meet the needs of the future cities. The number of walkers and vehicles has increased in the last decades due to an increment in the consumption rate of white-color workers. This study contemplates the traffic qualities in Sathyamangalam town and their mode of operations. The work has emphasized the volume of vehicles that flow in the town and examined the performance based on the present condition. The survey is performed by manual techniques in the various point of the selected study area. For a good comprehension of the present traffic stream condition in the intersection and the road, junctions are accounted. The information gathered aids us to comprehend traffic designs in various periods. The study mainly focuses on traffic stream qualities that decide the traffic flow control to maintain the rules and regulation of the transport system. This data acquired from this investigation will help in designing a plan fit for uninterpreted rush-hour traffic with ingenious road systems.
Use of BIM in Development of Smart Cities: A Review
Authors: Goyal Lovnesh Kumar , Chauhan Rajiv , Kumar Raman , Rai Hardeep Singh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA smart city is a community that uses information and communication technologies (ICT) to enhance the standard of community services and the health of people. The smart city concept takes into account the better engagement of its citizens for sustainable resource utilization, social and better relational capital while assuring its quality and performance. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a computer-aided modern parametric solution to revolutionize the decision-making process in the construction of energy-efficient buildings and smart cities. BIM enables design, development, operate and manage the construction endeavors cost-effectively while sharing and exchanging information to all the stakeholders involved. The practical implementation of BIM results in the mitigation of risks in the initial phases of the projects. This paper explores the components of a smart city concept using BIM and its various variants in the development of a smart city. The geographic information system (GIS) environment can aid in providing a suitable data management system in transportation design with minimum accidents, earthquake mitigation, and preventing fire hazards to build a smart city. The review highlights the various tools such as GIS, Building Energy Model (BEM) could be an innovative concept to make a smart city. The given review will help policymakers to adopt BIM on their way to build a sustainable, reliable, energy-efficient smart city construction.
A Design Methodology to Evaluate the Sustainable Construction for Temporary Structures
Authors: Shanmugam Durgadevi , Venkatachalam Manjunath Nochikuttai , Periyasamy Karthikeyan , AbdulLadif Ibrahim , SenthilKumar Praveen , Janakiraman Kumaraguru 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The rate of construction work growing day by day which gives an output of huge manpower and resources. As the construction work increases proportionally, the natural resources are being depleted and the conventional structures also have some effects on the environment. The usage of concrete for temporary structures should be gradually reduced and in future the concept of sustainability should be implemented in the construction works. The objective is to do a comparative study between the conventional structure and the structure made with sustainable materials. A model of the temporary structure (Bus stand) is created with different design considerations. It is based on the building oriented Energy model (using solar panels) and this model is calibrated and validated by comparing results obtained in Staad. ProV8i with in situ measurements realized. The design results from Staad. ProV8i reflect the load intensity and behavior of structure such as deflection, bending moment to external loads were analyzed. The material characteristics were studied for different materials like waste embedded epoxy tile, PE mesh panel and Ultralite that are used in the temporary structure. The methodology adopted in making the bus stand model is grooving technique, bolting and shear jointing. The members of the temporary structure are made of scrap steel which have the dimensions of 0.23m × 0.23m and analyzed for different support conditions includes, fixed support with more joints, pinned support with low joint, pinned support with more joints and fixed support with low joint to obtain their properties. Strength test and specific weight test were performed for different materials in which sustainable material shows considerable results. The structure has many advantages like light weight, portability, less labor consuming and time saving.
Ascertaining the Suitability of A Worker For Safer Execution of A Construction Task: A Genetic Programming Based Modelling Approach
Authors: Sivapragasam Chandrasekaran , Ajith Subbiah , Arumugaprabu Veerasimman 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This research applies the Genetic Programming (GP) based modelling to understand and recommend for the kind of task in construction site a given worker with some basic traits/characteristic is suited for in order to enhance the construction site safety. The traits considered are age, experience, education level, skill set, history of accidents committed in past and knowledge of site safety. The modelling is done on data obtained from questionnaire survey from the workers in the construction sites considered in this study. The data is divided into three sets based on some specific combination of the traits/characteristics of the workers, and GP model is developed for each set. The model reveals very interesting results. All the three models recommend clearly that a worker, irrespective of how competent he is in all the other traits/characteristics, if the historical record of involvement in unsafe acts/accidents is more, he cannot be trusted with a task involving high safety risk.
Comparison of Modelling Tools in Assessing Safety Performance of Construction Site
Authors: Ajith Subbiah , Sivapragasam Chandrasekaran , Arumugaprabu Veerasimman 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Safety performance is the key factor in construction sites as it figures out the unsafe act, condition and supervision of the worksite. Three different modelling tools such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Genetic Programming (GP) and Multi-linear Regression (MLR) are used to assess the performance of the site. Furthermore, the performance of these models is also analysed with respect to various conditions to assess its suitability. Results indicates that all the three models can be used to predict the safety performance but GP based models have higher flexibility in extrapolating the results outside the training range with highest accuracy. Thus, it is recommended to employ GP based models in predicting safety performance in construction sites.
Comparative Study of Local and Migrant Labour For Productivity Enhancement in Construction Field
Authors: Selvaprakash S , Gouni Somashekar , Jwala Sree Sai Rekha , vinay vilasagar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Development work administration can make or break the benefit of that work. By recognizing the issues that each labourer faces and finding suitable sporting activities to defeat those problems, which can pass forward the abdicate to a tall extent. Right presently, plan is installation to think nearly the features of neighbourhood and temporal works. Different parameters for illustration, Asset utilization, Communicative capacity, Work Quality, Work data, Benefit affectability, fetched affectability and Security mindfulness and so on, are utilized to see at neighbourhood and moved works Issues are distinguished depending on the agenda, and by contrasting the work and cost and time in various kinds of works we can set up certain tables in like manner we can become acquainted with that the exhibition of work in that works. By applying appropriate answers for recognized issues will improve efficiency.
Day-light Analysis of an office building to enhance its energy efficiency
Authors: Senthilkumar Kavyaa , Taj Gulshan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sustainability has become increasingly significant in the construction industry in recent few years. The structure is considerably liable for 33% of energy consumption for cooling and counterfeit day lighting alone. In this way, energy consumption is a significant rule that needs extraordinary consideration while thinking about feasible structures. Understanding the circumstance, the need of the day is to adopt sustainable green building design approach which is a definitive answer for decrease the energy demand request of the structure. Various alternate energy sources like solar, wind and geothermal energies end up being better in making an energy efficient built environment; alongside these rules successful usage of daylight plays a crucial role in creating energy efficient buildings. Ecotect day light simulation analysis is one such case which briefs up the concept of energy efficiency. This Software has been utilized to calculate building’s energy consumption by simulating its setting within the environment. It shows the sun path and shadow examination of a project or a structure on a specific day, time and spot consistently, which would support the specialists and architects/designers to go for elective designs for viable utilization of day light in development extends, this could before long become a vital piece of building and engineering plan for vitality proficient structures. This paper surveys and analyses of an office building and gives data about the day-light analyze simulation of a structure for accomplishing the best effectiveness of natural lighting and energy saving during the daytime to reach optimum daylight performance in building using the Ecotect Software.
Design Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Beams by Genetically Optimized Neural Network Technique
Authors: Nongsiej Eshanya Tongper , Natarajan Karthiga @ Shenbagam , Murugesan Saravanan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
An approach to find the accurate optimal solution for structural elements such as beams, columns, footings etc. has been studied by huge researches in the current situation. As an addition in this research paper optimal design of two different types of reinforced concrete beams with different loading conditions one with concentrated load and another with UDL has been considered in addition to its self-weight, live load, equilibrium and serviceability constraints. Manual design of beams has been done in order to verify with the optimization technique limit state approach with accordance to the Indian standard codal provisions, classical and non-traditional optimization technique are done and the results are tabulated.
Design Optimization of RC Frames using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique
Authors: Abbasmandhiri Madhupreetha , Karthiga @ Shenbagam N , Karuppanan Kowshika 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Design of portal frames were carried out for different grades of steel with a well-defined objective function framed in order to minimize the cost of construction of reinfofced concrete portal frames for different spans using direct stiffness method. The design variables that are considered are the volume of steel used for reinforcement, volume of concrete for sectional members that is got from the width, depth of the required section. The constrains for the design of beams were done according to the Indian codal provisions. Separate coding was written in MATLAB to determine the optimal design of beams. The optimal design results obtained had a minimum usage of concrete and steel when compared to the normal one with a variation of 5% for the beam and 3% for the column. The reduction in cost is due to reduction in the cross-section as a result of the optimization technique. Nearly 100 designed samples using different cross-section areas were carried out and the final conclusions were derived and found to provide optimal values to certain extent which would be useful for the design engineers.
Evaluation of ductility factor for structures subjected to long period of vibration
Authors: Palanisamy Deepak Ottar Karattupalayam , Venkatesan Vignesh Prabu , Arjunan Kothai , JosephAntony Visuvasam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The response modification factor (R) in IS1893 [5] is a significant parameter in the analysis of seismic design of structure by means of non-linear response of a structure. This paper enumerates on determining the actual values of R factor for RC special moment resisting frame by performing detailed non-linear static pushover analysis for various 2D framed structures of special moment resisting frames. A parametric study has been carried out by varying the time period up to 4 of the structure and zone factor and the corresponding R values are obtained, which primarily depends on three other factors. From the detailed analysis, a relationship between response reduction factor, Time period, Zone (Rμ-T-Z) has been proposed. The results show that the values of R, given in the codes are pessimistic and hence, an optimistic value shall be adopted based on the analytical results. As an application, the values arrived from the proposed relationship is then compared with the values obtained from the structures analyzed.
Studies on Reinforced Concrete Inverted Umbrella Hyperbolic Paraboloid Shells
Authors: Veerasamy Prabhakaran , Subramaniyan Yuvaraj , Rajendran Ashwathi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hyperbolic paraboloid shell roofs have been extensively used in construction because of impressive appearance and economy in cost. For wide spans, the cost of form work is generally high. By reusing this form work we can reduce the cost of construction. These shells require special care in laying reinforcement, concrete pouring and compaction and hence the labour required for this type of construction is highly skilled. In this study, the design of inverted umbrella type hyperbolic paraboloid shells have been done using IS 2210 - 1988 code and IS 456-2000 code. Concrete of grade M30 and Steel of grade Fe500 are used throughout the investigation. The central dip is taken as variable and it will be taken as a/3, a/4 and a/5. In this study, 21 inverted umbrella type reinforced concrete hyperbolic paraboloid shells have been designed and the estimation of cost has been done. The effect of central dip on the cost per sq.m covered investigated for the inverted umbrella shells.
Utilization of aerogel in building construction –A Review
Authors: Shanmugam Govindhan , Gunasekaran Eniyachandramouli , Karuppusamy Ranjith Selvan , Ramesh Ragashravanthi , Vellaichamy Preetha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aerogel are synthetic light weight material obtained in a gel form with gas without any shrinkage. The first form of aerogel is produced by using Silica gels. There are several other types of aerogels such as carbon-Based aerogel, clay-Based aerogel and silica-Based aerogel. Aerogel are mostly in solid form with extremely low conductivity and possess very low density and high porosity ( < 100nm). Aerogel are water repellent material. In recent years, Aerogel have attracted towards various sectors, including building construction based on their promising properties and surprising applications in wide range of technical spaces. Aerogel based materials are prepared for its high-performance thermal insulation applications in building sectors. Despite, it also used in manufacture of chemical products, Electronics, thermal and acoustic insulations, energy absorbers, space suits and in building systems. This paper reviews the properties, formation and applications of aerogel in various sectors and its abundant utilization in building construction.
Study on Smart Construction Materials and Practices Using Glass Fiber in Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Narayanan Chandramohan , Shanmugam Loganayagan , Rajendran Desika , Gopal Bharath , kalamani Dharani Sami Nathan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Glass-fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) is a composite material made of a cementitious grid made out of concrete, sand, water and admixtures. In which glass filaments are scattered in short length. The Non-Structural components, as façade boards, funneling and channels has been generally utilized in the development business. GFRC gives various points of interest, for example, being lightweight, imperviousness to fire, great appearance and strength. Trial-tests are led for concrete with glass fiber and without glass fiber are led. The distinctions in compressive quality and flexural quality have been found in this investigation by utilizing 3D shapes of differing sizes. Various applications and advantages of GFRC appeared in the examination, techno-economic correlation with different kinds, the test results, and furthermore the financial calculations introduced demonstrate the capability of GFRC as an elective development material.