bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Google search activity in early psychosis: A qualitative analysis of internet search query content in first episode psychosis
Authors: Kirschenbaum Michael A. , Birnbaum Michael L. , Rizvi Asra , Muscat Whitney , Patel Lalit , Kane John M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimManually explore the Google search queries of individuals with first episode psychosis prior to their first hospitalization, in effort to identify common themes and search interests during the period of emerging illness.MethodsIndividuals hospitalized for psychosis between December 2016 and September 2017 provided access to their Google archive data for manual qualitative evaluation of search content. Searches conducted during the 6‐month time period prior to the participant's first hospitalization for psychosis were extracted and evaluated for search activity associated with mental health.ResultsOf 20 archives reviewed, 15 individuals (75%) searched for information classified by reviewers as related to mental health. Searches with content associated with delusions were found in 15 participant archives (75%). Searches related to negative symptoms including social withdrawal and decline in function were identified in 6 participant's search archives (30%). Four participants (20%) had searches that were associated with thought processes, and 2 participants (10%) searched for information on suicide. Four participants (20%) searched for information related to anxiety, whereas 3 participants (15%) had searches related to depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIndividuals with early psychosis appear to be using the Internet for obtaining information about their early symptoms and experiences prior to their first contact with psychiatric care. Improving our understanding of the ways by which individuals with emerging psychosis search for information about their experiences online may help mental health clinicians tailor online resources in hopes of improving pathways to care and reducing the duration of untreated psychosis.
The yield of long‐term electrocardiographic recordings in refractory focal epilepsy
Authors: van der Lende Marije , Arends Johan B. , Lamberts Robert J. , Tan Hanno L. , de Lange Frederik J. , Sander Josemir W. , Aerts Arnaud J. , Swart Henk P. , Thijs Roland D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the incidence of clinically relevant arrhythmias in refractory focal epilepsy and to assess the potential of postictal arrhythmias as risk markers for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).MethodsWe recruited people with refractory focal epilepsy without signs of ictal asystole and who had at least one focal seizure per month and implanted a loop recorder with 2‐year follow‐up. The devices automatically record arrhythmias. Subjects and caregivers were instructed to make additional peri‐ictal recordings. Clinically relevant arrhythmias were defined as asystole ≥ 6 seconds; atrial fibrillation < 55 beats per minute (bpm), or > 200 bpm and duration > 30 seconds; persistent sinus bradycardia < 40 bpm while awake; and second‐ or third‐degree atrioventricular block and ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. We performed 12‐lead electrocardiography (ECG) and tilt table testing to identify non–seizure‐related causes of asystole.ResultsWe included 49 people and accumulated 1060 months of monitoring. A total of 16 474 seizures were reported, of which 4679 were captured on ECG. No clinically relevant arrhythmias were identified. Three people had a total of 18 short‐lasting (<6 seconds) periods of asystole, resulting in an incidence of 2.91 events per 1000 patient‐months. None of these coincided with a reported seizure; one was explained by micturition syncope. Other non–clinically relevant arrhythmias included paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n = 2), supraventricular tachycardia (n = 1), and sinus tachycardia with a right bundle branch block configuration (n = 1).SignificanceWe found no clinically relevant arrhythmias in people with refractory focal epilepsy during long‐term follow‐up. The absence of postictal arrhythmias does not support the use of loop recorders in people at high SUDEP risk.
Removal of a fragmented nasogastric tube from the transverse colon of a horse undergoing exploratory celiotomy for colic
Authors: Guerra M. , Kilcoyne I. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis report describes the clinical course and surgical findings of a 5‐year‐old Warmblood gelding referred for colic with a previous history of intermittent colic episodes, and gastric ulcers diagnosed by gastroscopy in the preceding months. The horse underwent medical treatment but remained painful and surgery was elected. The horse underwent an exploratory laparotomy during which an impaction was identified in the transverse colon that was associated with an approximately 1 metre segment of nasogastric tube. The foreign body was removed via an enterotomy in the left dorsal colon, and the horse recovered well from surgery. No complications were encountered post‐operatively.
Analysis of fatigue crack growth behavior of SS 316(N) welds using the unified approach
Authors: Nani Babu M. , Sasikala G. , Sadananda K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of SS 316(N) weld has been evaluated at different R‐ratios at room temperature and compared with that of the base metal. The FCG resistance of weld is better than that of the base material and is due to the residual stresses developed during the welding. The data were analyzed using the unified approach that considers the two‐parametric (ΔK and Kmax) nature of fatigue. The R‐ratio effects in both the base and weld metals are accounted for without invoking the extrinsic parameters, such as plasticity‐induced crack closure. Since the residual stresses are of the monotonic type, they affect the crack growth via the Kmax‐parameter. The crack growth trajectory plots were developed, and they show how the two crack tip driving forces, ΔK and Kmax, change to overcome the FCG resistance of the weld in relation to that of the base metal. The results also show that the effects from the compressive residual stresses are more dominant at low R‐values and occur via the Kmax parameter.
First application in Turkey of the European Non‐native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis Scheme to evaluate the farmed non‐native fish, striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
Authors: Tarkan Ali Serhan , Yoğurtçuoğlu Baran , Ekmekçi Fitnat Güler , Clarke Stacey A. , Wood Louisa E. , Vilizzi Lorenzo , Copp Gordon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe European Non‐native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis Scheme (ENSARS) was used to assess one of the most popular aquaculture species in the world, the striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878), in two locations of southern Anatolia (Turkey). The overall mean risk score generated for P. hypophthalmus by the ENSARS Organism module (which assesses the risks of introduction, establishment, dispersal and impact) indicated that the species poses a medium risk under current climatic conditions. All other ENSARS modules rendered scores that indicated a moderately low risk under current climatic conditions. However, the risks of introducing novel diseases and the actual use (e.g. deliberate introduction to the natural habitats or food market) of the species both attracted scores indicating a medium risk. Confidence levels were medium or high for all modules except the Socio‐economic, with low confidence values also attributed to the risks for farming process of the organism, and its overall risk of spread into the wild during farming procedures and to marketing impacts. Recommendations are provided for further use of the ENSARS scheme, especially for a a priori assessment of potential aquaculture species in Turkey, where the sector has been remarkably developing in the last decades.
The role of floods and droughts on riverine ecosystems under a changing climate
Authors: Parasiewicz Piotr , King Elise L. , Webb J. Angus , Piniewski Mikołaj , Comoglio Claudio , Wolter Christian , Buijse Anthonie D. , Bjerklie David , Vezza Paolo , Melcher Andreas , Suska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFloods and droughts are key driving forces shaping aquatic ecosystems. Climate change may alter key attributes of these events and consequently health and distribution of aquatic species. Improved knowledge of biological responses to different types of floods and droughts in rivers should allow the better prediction of the ecological consequences of climate change‐induced flow alterations. This review highlights that in unmodified ecosystems, the intensity and direction of biological impacts of floods and droughts vary, but the overall consequence is an increase in biological diversity and ecosystem health. To predict the impact of climate change, metrics that allow the quantitative linking of physical disturbance attributes to the directions and intensities of biological impacts are needed. The link between habitat change and the character of biological response is provided by the frequency of occurrence of the river wave characteristic—that is the event's predictability. The severity of impacts of floods is largely related to the river wave amplitude (flood magnitude), while the impact of droughts is related to river wavelength (drought duration).
Predicting future climate at high spatial and temporal resolution
Authors: Maclean Ilya M. D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMost studies on the biological effects of future climatic changes rely on seasonally aggregated, coarse‐resolution data. Such data mask spatial and temporal variability in microclimate driven by terrain, wind and vegetation, and ultimately bear little resemblance to the conditions that organisms experience in the wild. Here, I present the methods for providing fine‐grained, hourly and daily estimates of current and future temperature and soil moisture over decadal timescales. Observed climate data and spatially coherent probabilistic projections of daily future weather were disaggregated to hourly and used to drive empirically calibrated physical models of thermal and hydrological microclimates. Mesoclimatic effects (cold‐air drainage, coastal exposure and elevation) were determined from the coarse‐resolution climate surfaces using thin‐plate spline models with coastal exposure and elevation as predictors. Differences between micro and mesoclimate temperatures were determined from terrain, vegetation and ground properties using energy balance equations. Soil moisture was computed in a thin upper layer and an underlying deeper layer, and the exchange of water between these layers was calculated using the van Genuchten equation. Code for processing the data and running the models is provided as a series of R packages. The methods were applied to the Lizard Peninsula, United Kingdom, to provide hourly estimates of temperature (100 m grid resolution over entire area, 1 m for a selected area) for the periods 1983–2017 and 2041–2049. Results indicated that there is a fine‐resolution variability in climatic changes, driven primarily by interactions between landscape features and decadal trends in weather conditions. High‐temporal resolution extremes in conditions under future climate change were predicted to be considerably less novel than the extremes estimated using seasonally aggregated variables. The study highlights the need to more accurately estimate the future climatic conditions experienced by organisms and equips biologists with the means to do so.
Impact of loss of independence in basic activities of daily living on caregiver burden in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kawaharada Rika , Sugimoto Taiki , Matsuda Naoka , Tsuboi Yamato , Sakurai Takashi , Ono Rei 
Published: October 2019

AimTo investigate the association between decline of basic activities of daily living (ADL) in each dimension and change in caregiver burden in patients with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease.MethodsThis retrospective study included 117 outpatients with Alzheimer's disease who presented to the Memory Clinic at the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology in Japan between September 2010 and April 2014 (mean age 77.3 ± 6.4 years; 68.6% women). Patients and their caregivers completed comprehensive geriatric assessment at baseline and at the 3‐year follow up. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Japanese version of the Zarit Burden Interview. ADL were assessed by the Barthel Index. Among patients with full points on each subitem of the Barthel Index at baseline, incident ADL decline was defined as a loss of at least 5 points at the 3‐year follow up. Other confounding factors including demographic data, cognitive function, vitality, and behavioral and psychiatric symptoms of dementia were also assessed. The longitudinal relationship between incident ADL decline and changes in caregiver burden was evaluated by multivariate linear regression, adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsIn descending order, declines in ADL at 3 years were noted in bathing (25.4%), bowel control (25.4%), grooming (22.9%) and bladder control (22.9%). On multivariate analyses, ADL declines in feeding (b = 17.2, P < 0.01) and bathing (b = 11.0, P = 0.02) were significantly associated with increased caregiver burden.ConclusionIncident ADL declines in feeding and bathing are significant risk factors for increased caregiver burden in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1243–1247.
Haemophilic arthropathy: A narrative review on the use of intra‐articular drugs for arthritis
Authors: Buccheri Enrico , Avola Marianna , Vitale Nicolò , Pavone Piero , Vecchio Michele 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionIntra‐articular injections of various drugs are commonly used in patients with degenerative osteoarthritis and also in haemophilic patients. Haemophilic arthropathy is a particular type of secondary osteoarthritis (OA), but the degeneration of strong synovial, cartilaginous and subchondral constituents is provoked by the direct action of iron and blood in the joint.Aim of the studyThe aim of this study is to review the literature regarding the use of various intra‐articular drugs in joints affected by haemophilic arthropathy.MethodsWe reviewed the data from the literature; the search was performed on three medical electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus Web of Science) by three authors (B. E., A. M. and V. N.) from 3 December 2018 till 15 December 2018. The search string was as follows: (hyaluronic acid OR viscosupplementation OR platelet‐rich plasma OR corticosteroid OR mesenchymal stem cells) AND (haemophilia OR haemophilic arthropathy OR haemophilic arthritis).ResultsOnce the research was performed, a total of 300 articles were identified. 47 selected articles were analysed by the reviewers, and the eligibility of the study inclusion was assessed independently. Twelve papers were included based on clear fulfilment of the inclusion criteria. Thirty‐five articles were excluded for the following reasons: no full text or accessible data for 14 of them, 15 involved surgery or rehabilitation therapy as the primary topic and 6 were systematic reviews (the main topics were beyond the haemophilic arthropathy).ConclusionAlthough the degree of scientific evidence of the publications on intra‐articular injections of various drugs (hyaluronic acid, corticosteriods, PRP and MSCs) in haemophilia is very low, it seems that intra‐articular injections of hyaluronic acid can relieve joint pain for months and can be repeated every 6‐12 months, which is why they can be recommended. Corticosteroid injections seem to relieve joint pain for a few weeks, but their routine use is not recommended in haemophilia. The efficacy of PRP and MSCs in haemophilic arthropathy is pending confirmation, which is why they are not currently recommended.
Communicating uncertainties when disclosing diagnostic test results for (Alzheimer's) dementia in the memory clinic: The ABIDE project
Authors: Visser Leonie N. C. , Pelt Sophie A. R. , Kunneman Marleen , Bouwman Femke H. , Claus Jules J. , Kalisvaart Kees J. , Hempenius Liesbeth , de Beer Marlijn H. , Roks Gerwin , Boelaarts Leo , Kleijer Mariska , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Smets Ellen M. A. , Hillen Marij A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe development of novel diagnostics enables increasingly earlier diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Timely diagnosis may benefit patients by reducing their uncertainty regarding the cause of symptoms, yet does not always provide patients with the desired certainty.ObjectiveTo examine, using both quantitative and qualitative methods, uncertainty communicated by memory clinic clinicians in post‐diagnostic testing consultations with patients and their caregivers.MethodsFirst, we identified all uncertainty expressions of 22 clinicians in audiotaped post‐diagnostic testing consultations with 78 patients. Second, we statistically explored relationships between patient/clinician characteristics and uncertainty expressions. Third, the transcribed uncertainty expressions were qualitatively analysed, determining the topic to which they pertained, their source and initiator/elicitor (clinicians/patients/caregivers).ResultsWithin 57/78 (73%) consultations, clinicians expressed in total 115 uncertainties, of which 37% elicited by the patient or caregiver. No apparent relationships were found between patient/clinician characteristics and whether or not, and how often clinicians expressed uncertainty. Uncertainty expressions pertained to ten different topics, most frequently patient's diagnosis and symptom progression. Expressed uncertainty was mostly related to the unpredictability of the future and limits to available knowledge.Discussion and conclusionsThe majority of clinicians openly discussed the limits of scientific knowledge and diagnostic testing with patients and caregivers in the dementia context. Noticeably, clinicians did not discuss uncertainty in about one quarter of consultations. More evidence is needed on the beneficial and/or harmful effects on patients of discussing uncertainty with them. This knowledge can be used to support clinicians to optimally convey uncertainty and facilitate patients' uncertainty management.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure in the presence of thrombus: A feasibility report
Authors: Bordignon Stefano , Bologna Fabrizio , Chen Shaoje , Konstantinou Athanasios , Tsianakas Nikolaos , Tohoku Shota , Trolese Luca , Chun KR Julian , Schmidt Boris 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients with a left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) despite oral anticoagulation (OAC) are at high risk of thromboembolism (TE) and a relevant proportion of LAAT do not resolve under continued OAC. Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in the presence of LAAT was anecdotally described as a therapeutic option to prevent TE in the patients.ObjectiveTo describe the feasibility of LAAC despite LAAT in consecutive patients.MethodsWe searched the LAAC database of our center to identify patients in whom a LAAC was performed despite evidence of a thrombus in the LAA. All procedures were performed under transesophageal echocardiography guidance, no angiographies were performed to avoid LAAT dislocation. An Amulet Occluder device was preferred to allow proximal implantation and sealing of the LAA.ResultsNine patients were identified. The mean age was 68.1 ± 10.7 years, four were female, mean CHADSVASC and HASBLED were 3.6 ± 1.7 and 3.0 ± 1.0. Eight of nine patients were on OAC, one patient was under lone aspirin therapy because of bleeding. The mean distance between the LAAT and the estimated landing zone was 18 ± 6 mm, the minimal distance was 11 mm. The mean landing zone was 21 ± 3 mm, devices with a mean size of 25 ± 4 mm were chosen for implantation. All implantation succeeded, only two patients required an intraprocedural replacement. No procedural complication nor short term thromboembolic complication during a follow up of 138 ± 149 days were recorded.ConclusionIn the presented series a percutaneous LAAC despite a LAAT resulted to be feasible and safe.
Arginine‐ but not alanine‐rich carboxy‐termini trigger nuclear translocation of mutant keratin 10 in ichthyosis with confetti
Authors: Renz Patricia , Imahorn Elias , Spoerri Iris , Aushev Magomet , March Oliver P. , Wariwoda Hedwig , Von Arb Sarah , Volz Andreas , Itin Peter H. , Reichelt Julia , Burger Bettina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIchthyosis with confetti (IWC) is a genodermatosis associated with dominant‐negative variants in keratin 10 (KRT10) or keratin 1 (KRT1). These frameshift variants result in extended aberrant proteins, localized to the nucleus rather than the cytoplasm. This mislocalization is thought to occur as a result of the altered carboxy (C)‐terminus, from poly‐glycine to either a poly‐arginine or ‐alanine tail. Previous studies on the type of C‐terminus and subcellular localization of the respective mutant protein are divergent. In order to fully elucidate the pathomechanism of IWC, a greater understanding is critical. This study aimed to establish the consequences for localization and intermediate filament formation of altered keratin 10 (K10) C‐termini. To achieve this, plasmids expressing distinct KRT10 variants were generated. Sequences encoded all possible reading frames of the K10 C‐terminus as well as a nonsense variant. A keratinocyte line was transfected with these plasmids. Additionally, gene editing was utilized to introduce frameshift variants in exon 6 and exon 7 at the endogenous KRT10 locus. Cellular localization of aberrant K10 was observed via immunofluorescence using various antibodies. In each setting, immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated aberrant nuclear localization of K10 featuring an arginine‐rich C‐terminus. However, this was not observed with K10 featuring an alanine‐rich C‐terminus. Instead, the protein displayed cytoplasmic localization, consistent with wild‐type and truncated forms of K10. This study demonstrates that, of the various 3′ frameshift variants of KRT10, exclusively arginine‐rich C‐termini lead to nuclear localization of K10.
Using Weighted Sum Scores to Close the Gap Between DIF Practice and Theory
Authors: Guo Hongwen , Dorans Neil J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe make a distinction between the operational practice of using an observed score to assess differential item functioning (DIF) and the concept of departure from measurement invariance (DMI) that conditions on a latent variable. DMI and DIF indices of effect sizes, based on the Mantel‐Haenszel test of common odds ratio, converge under restricted conditions if a simple sum score is used as the matching or conditioning variable in a DIF analysis. Based on theoretical results, we demonstrate analytically that matching on a weighted sum score can significantly reduce the difference between DIF and DMI measures over what can be achieved with a simple sum score. We also examine the utility of binning methods that could facilitate potential operational use of DIF with weighted sum scores. A real data application was included to show this feasibility.