bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of mompreneurship: evidence from India
Authors: Agnihotri Arpita , Bhattacharya Saurabh 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to explore drivers of entrepreneurial intentions of working mothers.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a survey-based method using sample of 397 working mothers in India.FindingsMothers’ entrepreneurial intention is negatively associated with firms’ perceived family support policies and positively associated with perceived family support. Gains from organization and family support were further enhanced for working mothers’ entrepreneurial intention through the moderating effect of perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy.Originality/valueDrivers of entrepreneurship intentions of mothers is scantly explored in past literature. Understanding working mothers’ entrepreneurial intentions could help firms and families provide appropriate environments and opportunities for mothers’ growth.
High mobility group nucleosomal binding 2 reduces integrin α5/β1‐mediated adhesion of Klebsiella pneumoniae on human pulmonary epithelial cells via nuclear factor I
Authors: Geng Fan , Liu Zhihao , Chen Xingmin , Chen Huan , Liu Yanzhuo , Yang Jing , Zheng Min , Yang Lu , Teng Yan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt has been reported that high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) is a nucleus‐related protein that regulates gene transcription and plays a critical role in bacterial clearance. An elevated level of HMGN2 reduced integrin α5/β1 expression of human pulmonary epithelial A549 cells was demonstrated during Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, thus weakening bacterial adhesion and invasion. However, the mechanism by which HMGN2 regulates integrin expression remains unclear. This study found that a transcription factor‐nuclear factor I (NFI), which serves as the potential target of HMGN2 regulated integrin expression. The results showed that HMGN2 was able to promote NFIA and NFIB expression by increasing H3K27 acetylation of NFIA/B promoter regions. The integrin α5/β1 expression was significantly enhanced by knockdown of NFIA/B via a siRNA approach. Meanwhile, NFIA/B silence could also compromise the inhibition effect of HMGN2 on the integrin α5/β1 expression. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that HMGN2 facilitated the recruitment of NFI on the promoter regions of integrin α5/β1 according to the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. In addition, it was further demonstrated that the knockdown of NFIA/B induced more adhesion of Klebsiella pneumoniae on pulmonary epithelial A549 cells, which could be reversed by the application of an integrin inhibitor RGD. The results revealed a regulatory role of HMGN2 on the transcription level of integrin α5/β1, indicating a potential treatment strategy against Klebsiella pneumoniae‐induced infectious lung diseases.
Charcoal ecology: Its function as a hub for plant succession and soil nutrient cycling in boreal forests
Authors: Makoto Kobayashi , Koike Takayoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe summarize current knowledge about the ecosystem functions of fire‐produced charcoal in boreal forests with a special focus on its effects on soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous dynamics as well as on plant succession. Charcoal is a carbon‐enriched material with a highly aromatic and porous structure. Charcoal is highly resistant to microbial decomposition and thus remains in soil for thousands of years, providing recalcitrant carbon to boreal forest soils. The abundant pores in and on charcoal surfaces have powerful adsorption abilities that can influence biogeochemical cycles and plant succession after fire. Our review details the influence of charcoal on plant and soil systems and explains the complex direct and indirect pathways of these influences that occur during succession after fires in boreal ecosystems. Among these pathways, the most important pathway through which charcoal influences plant and soil systems relates to the element composition and nutrient availability in soils and to the abundance of phenolics released from Ericaceae plants in the understory of boreal forests. We found a strong bias in the studied processes towards nutrient mineralization rather than immobilization, which suggests that it is risky to draw general conclusions about the influence of charcoal on soil nutrient dynamics. Last, the latest studies shed light on the enhancement of litter and humus decomposition by charcoal, given the possibility that charcoal accelerates CO2 release in a postfire forest. This review suggests comparative studies that are necessary to test the context‐dependency of charcoal functions across a variety of boreal forest ecosystems.
Optimal staffing in community health centers to improve quality of care
Authors: Luo Qian , Dor Avi , Pittman Patricia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo explore optimal workforce configurations in the production of care quality in community health centers (CHCs), accounting for interactions among occupational categories, as well as contributions to the volume of services.Data SourcesWe linked the Uniform Data System from 2014 to 2016 with Internal Revenue Service nonprofit tax return data. The final database contained 3139 center‐year observations from 1178 CHCs.Study DesignWe estimated a system of two generalized linear production functions, with quality of care and volume of services as outputs, using the average percent of diabetic patients with controlled A1C level and hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure as quality measures. To explore the substitutability and complementarity between staffing categories, we estimated a revenue function.FindingsPrimary care physicians and advanced practice clinicians achieve similar quality outcomes (3.2 percent and 3.0 percent improvement in chronic condition management per full‐time equivalent (FTE), respectively). Advanced practice clinicians generate less revenue per FTE but are generally less costly to employ.ConclusionAs quality incentives are further integrated into payment systems, CHCs will need to optimize their workforce configuration to improve quality. Given the relative efficiency of advanced practice clinicians in producing quality, further hiring of these professionals is a cost‐effective investment for CHCs.
Effect of inlet temperature on the physicochemical properties of spray‐dried seed‐watermelon seed protein powder
Authors: Cao Chengxu , Zhao Xiaoyan , Zhang Chao , Ding Zhenzhen , Sun Fenglin , Zhao Chunyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHere, we studied the effects of inlet temperature on the physicochemical properties of the hydrolyzed protein (seed‐watermelon seed hydrolyzed protein [SWSP]) powder in seed‐watermelon seeds. The inlet temperature of the study was in the range of 150 to 180 °C, and the remaining experimental parameters remained constant, that is, the feed flow rate was 0.2 L/hr, the concentration of maltodextrin was 30%, and the outlet temperature was 80 °C. We studied the water activity and moisture content, bulk density, flowability (Carr index and Hausner ratio), angle of repose, solubility, color, hygroscopicity, powder morphology, particle size, crystallinity, and odor of the sample. Inlet temperature of 170 to 180 °C reduced the moisture content and increased the particle size. It was found that the value of measured water activity was less than 0.5, which helped in maintaining stability of the sample. Powders produced at the temperatures showed smoother particle surfaces, whereas higher inlet temperature showed spherical particles with some shrinkage as analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The inlet temperature affected the color of the sample, thus at high temperature, the sample had a brighter color. The sample was approximately 18% crystalline. At a preparation temperature of 160 °C, the sample showed significant antioxidant activity (P < 0.05).
Encapsulation of pea protein in an alginate matrix by cold set gelation method and use of the capsules in fruit juices
Authors: Narin Ceren , Ertugrul Ulku , Tas Ozan , Sahin Serpil , Oztop Mecit Halil 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlant‐based proteins gained importance in recent years due to the increase in the awareness of healthy diet and in the consumption of plant‐based foods. However, some features of plant‐based proteins like the undesirable odor and flavor affect the sensorial properties of protein containing foods. Therefore, encapsulation of these proteins could be a good strategy to tackle with this problem. The objective of this study was to design microcapsules (beads) consisting of pea protein by using sodium alginate and to investigate the effect of different alginate concentrations (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) on the protein content, encapsulation efficiency, particle size, bead stability, and the morphology of the capsules and then add them to different fruit juices (pomegranate and melon) and examine the release behavior from the capsules. Rheological behavior of the juices including pectin were also investigated. TD‐ nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry analysis through T2 relaxation times was conducted on the capsules to observe the changes in the beads. In conclusion, alginate was found to be a suitable encapsulation coating for pea protein. Beads containing 1% alginate concentration was found to be the most effective with respect to protein content and bead stability.Practical ApplicationThis study aims to design and characterize pea protein containing microcapsules capsules and their utilization in fruit juices. The study itself focused on a specific application on the fruit juices.
The thermal, rheological, and structural characterization of grapeseed oil oleogels structured with binary blends of oleogelator
Authors: Choi Kyeong‐Ok , Hwang Hong‐Sik , Jeong Sungmin , Kim Sanghoon , Lee Suyong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCombination of oleogelators has recently started to receive scientific attention since single oleogelator may not adequately compensate for the diverse roles of solid fat in a complicated food system. In this study, grapeseed oil oleogels were prepared with candelilla wax (CDW) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) blends at varying mass ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 [w/w]), and their physicochemical characteristics were characterized in terms of thermal, rheological, and microstructural properties. The oleogel with CDW and GMS at a blending ratio of 75 and 25 (CDW‐75:GMS‐25) exhibited the lowest melting point, implying a eutectic behavior. The CDW‐75:GMS‐25 oleogel also had a harder texture, greater viscoelasticity, and lower oiling‐off characteristics that were highly attributed to its small crystals and dense structural network observed from phase‐contrast microscopic images. When GMS from different vendors were examined for melting behavior and hardness of oleogels, it was found that the oleogel properties were highly dependent on the detailed composition of GMS. NMR study showed that the ternary system of CDW, glyceryl 1‐monostearate, and glyceryl 1,3‐distearate was responsible for the eutectic behavior of the CDW‐75:GMS‐25 oleogel. This study reports the unique and improved melting and physical properties of oleogels with the mixture of CDW and GMS, which can increase the feasibility of the oleogel technology in actual food products. However, caution should be taken in selecting the oleogelators because their detailed composition and properties can vary depending on sources and processing conditions.Practical ApplicationIncreasing attention has been paid to the combination of oleogelators since single oleogelator may not adequately compensate for the diverse roles of solid fat in a complicated food system. This study showed new eutectic characteristics at a specific blending ratio of candelilla wax and glyceryl monostearate that could be positively correlated with the increased hardness, viscoelasticity, and oiling‐off features. The results may encourage the food industry to utilize this binary oleogelator blend as an alternative to solid fat high in saturated fat by providing new functional properties.
Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis (CREDIT): III. The transition of disease activity during follow‐ups and predictors of achieving treatment target
Authors: Xiang Yirong , Wang Qian , Li Hongbin , Duan Xinwang , Fang Yongfei , Yang Pingting , Li Qin , Wu Rui , Huo Yuehong , Shi Xiaofei , Wu Zhenbiao , Wang Yanhong , Jiang Nan , Hsieh Evelyn , Li Mengtao , Tian Xinping , Zeng Xiaofeng ,   Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis co‐authors
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThe Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CREDIT) is the first nationwide multi‐center prospective rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registration cohort in China. This study aimed at presenting disease activities transition during follow‐ups and identifying predictors to treatment response.MethodPatients who had baseline, 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up data from November 2016 to April 2018 were recruited. Then, we selected patients who did not reach remission (REM)/low disease activity (LDA) at baseline to investigate the predictors for treatment response.ResultsThere were 979 patients included (83.00% female, mean age 51.8 and median duration 3.84 years). REM/LDA rate at baseline, 3‐, and 6‐month follow‐up were 34.02%, 59.35% and 68.23%. Additionally, early RA has more chance to achieve targets than established RA (6 months: 59.79% vs 48.13%, P = .002). High baseline Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) (early RA: odds ratio [OR] 1.319, P = .019; established RA: OR 1.337, P < .001), biologic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (bDMARD)/targeted synthetic DMARD combined conventional DMARD therapy (early RA: OR 9.023, P = .046) and prednisolone usage (early RA: OR 2.526, P < .001) are positively associated with Clinical Disease Assessment Index (CDAI) decreasing at 3 months. Low baseline DAS28 (REM/LDA: early RA: OR 0.650, P < .001; established RA: OR 0.612, P < .001. REM: early RA: OR 0.743, P = .021; established RA: OR 0.674, P < .001), young age (REM: early RA: OR 0.977, P = .048) and decrease of CDAI at 3 months (REM/LDA: early RA: OR 7.185, P < .001; established RA: OR 8.752, P < .001. REM: early RA: OR 5.602, P < .001; established RA: OR 4.955, P < .001) predict REM/LDA at 6 months.ConclusionDisease activity decreased during follow‐ups. Disease duration, baseline disease activity, age, treatment strategies, and CDAI decreasing were associated with treatment response.
actel: Standardised analysis of acoustic telemetry data from animals moving through receiver arrays
Authors: Flávio Hugo , Baktoft Henrik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Acoustic telemetry data often contain erroneous detections, which need to be addressed before further analysis. It is important that this process is systematic, standardised and reproducible.

The r package actel provides a systematic conditional pipeline to filter and analyse acoustic telemetry data in a reproducible fashion, for animals moving between receiver arrays.

actel outputs a standardised report containing the main results and the steps taken by the user, in addition to summary information for each animal and other content such as efficiency estimations for each receiver array.

actel improves the reproducibility of the acoustic data filtering and analysis, and simplifies the integration of acoustic data sets originating from different studies (in time and/or in space).
Functional limb anatomy in a refugee species: The endangered Patagonian huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus)
Authors: Flueck Werner T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEarly naturalists already considered huemul rare, refuged and a stocky, short‐legged mountain deer, 163 years before declared endangered (1972). Anatomically, huemul do not overlap with rock‐climbers previously considered analogous, as corroborated in this paper by including additional huemul cases. Assertions that population declines are caused principally via livestock infections remain unfounded. Instead, osteopathology in multiple populations across 1,000 km, affecting 57% among dead and 86% among live specimens, may relate to micronutrient deficiencies. Historically classified a mountain deer, widespread osteopathology, micronutrient deficiencies and lack of recovery qualify huemul as a refugee species. Recovery strategies thus must include repopulating historical distribution sites.
Work Is Love Made Visible: A Meditation on Grace
Authors: Wishloff Jim 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHow work is understood and undertaken is a function of particular philosophical and theological assumptions. A meditation on work from the perspective of Catholic social thought must begin with the key articles of the Christian faith, namely, belief in the Trinity and belief in the Incarnation. Human dignity is profoundly grounded in this divine reality. Human persons are made in the image of a triune God and are given a particular vocation to fulfill. The Christian life is a summons to perfect love. Christians are called to love God above all things and to love all others and all of creation for the sake of God. God’s grace elevates Christian disciples to a new level of being, providing them with the supernatural help they need to be co‐creators with him. This mandate is specified more finely by examining the specific commands Jesus gives as to the work that must be done. Jesus sends his followers to reproduce and take care of creation, to be holy, to bear fruit that will last, to meet the needs of the most vulnerable, and to evangelize. In this way, the political economic order is formed according to God’s plan for the world and takes a considerably different shape from the structures that arise from dominant secular premises.
Assessment of current follow‐up for complete molar pregnancies: A single centre review
Authors: Mylvaganam Gaithri , Allanson Emma , Allanson Ben , Philp Shannon , Pather Selvan , Farrell Rhonda , Carter Jonathan , Tejada‐Berges Trevor 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend that resolution of a complete molar pregnancy (CMP) can only be confirmed once a negative β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) has been maintained for six months following uterine surgical evacuation. However, multiple studies have found that the risk of developing gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) once a negative β‐hCG had been obtained is negligible, which suggests that a shorter follow‐up may be reasonable.AimTo determine the trend in β‐hCG following diagnosis of a CMP and the incidence of GTN, in a single unit.Materials and MethodsAll patients presenting to the tertiary hospital, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Early Pregnancy Assessment Service (RPAH EPAS), with a histopathological diagnosis of a CMP between 2010 and 2017 were included. Data collected included age, parity, β‐hCG at diagnosis, subsequent β‐hCG levels, incidence of GTN and treatment required.ResultsSixty‐seven patients were diagnosed with CMP between January 2010 and July 2017 through RPAH EPAS. The mean age of women diagnosed with a CMP was 33 years. None of the 40 patients who spontaneously achieved a negative β‐hCG and completed their six months follow‐up had a subsequent rise in β‐hCG. The median number of days from surgical evacuation to normalisation of β‐hCG was 55.5 days. Sixteen out of 67 patients who had a CMP required further management for persistent GTN. None of these patients achieved a negative β‐hCG prior to further management.ConclusionsConsideration could be made to decreasing the period of β‐hCG monitoring for women who achieve a spontaneous negative β‐hCG following surgical evacuation of a CMP.
Development of a computational simulator of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and its validation with in vitro measurements
Authors: Colasanti Simona , Piemonte Vincenzo , Devolder Emmanuel , Zieliński Krzysztof , Vandendriessche Katrien , Meyns Bart , Fresiello Libera 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the recent years, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has grown substantially, posing the need of having specialized medical and paramedical personnel dedicated to it. Optimization of the therapy, definition of new therapeutic strategies, and ECMO interaction with the cardiorespiratory system require numerous specific skills and preclinical models for patient successful management. The aim of the present work is to develop and validate a computational model of ECMO and connect it to an already existing lumped parameter model of the cardiorespiratory system. The ECMO model was connected between the right atrium and the aorta of the cardiorespiratory simulator. It includes a hydraulic module that is a representation of the tubing, oxygenator, and pump. The resulting pressures and flows within the ECMO circuit were compared to the measurements conducted in vitro on a real ECMO. Additionally, the hemodynamic effects the ECMO model elicited on the cardiorespiratory simulator were compared with experimental data taken from the literature. The comparison between the hydraulic module and the in vitro measurements evidenced a good agreement in terms of flow, pressure drops across the pump, across the oxygenator and the tubing (maximal percentage error recorded was 17.6%). The hemodynamic effects of the ECMO model on the cardiovascular system were in agreement with what observed experimentally in terms of cardiac output, systemic pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and left atrial pressure. The ECMO model we developed and embedded into the cardiorespiratory simulator, is a useful tool for the investigation of basic physiological mechanisms and principles of ECMO therapy. The model was sided by a user interface dedicated to training applications. As such, the resulting simulator can be used for the education of students, medical and paramedical personnel.
Cranial morphology of the Stellate Sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus Pallas 1771 (Acipenseriformes, Acipenseridae), with notes on the skulls of other sturgeons
Authors: Hilton Eric J. , Dillman Casey B. , Paraschiv Marian , Suciu Radu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractExtant members of Acipenseridae are generally classified in four genera: Scaphirhynchus, Pseudoscaphirhynchus, Huso and “Acipenser,” which is widely recognized to be paraphyletic. Advances have been made in understanding the systematic relationships among sturgeons based on both morphological and molecular data. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA data suggested that Pseudoscaphirhynchus should be regarded as nested within “Acipenser,” specifically as sister group to the Stellate Sturgeon, A. stellatus. Recent morphological analyses also recovered this relationship, supported by a number of osteological synapomorphies, although these results were based on few and relatively small individuals. Here we describe the anatomy of the skull of A. stellatus based on newly prepared specimens of adult individuals, as well as examination of a large number of preserved individuals representing a broad range of ontogenetic stages. We present new anatomical data from all regions of the skull (dermatocranium, neurocranium, viscerocranium) and offer interpretations of these and other characters. In particular, we describe the allometry in the snout of A. stellatus, which undergoes substantial elongation relative to other sturgeons. Aspects of the skull of A. stellatus are compared to other members of the family, specifically the course of the occipital sensory canal and the morphology and distribution of cranial spines.