bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Evaluation of the Stability and Capacity of r‐GO‐Wrapped Copper Antimony Chalcogenide Anode for Li‐Ion battery
Authors: Yadav Poonam , Sharma Neha , Patrike Apurva , Sabri Ylias M. , Jones Lathe A. , Shelke Manjusha V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPoor cycling stability and capacity fade are primary concerns for next‐generation anode materials for Li‐ion batteries. In non‐carbonaceous anode materials, alloying with Li leads to volume increase that affects practical applications, and increase in particle size, amorphization and reduced conductivity can all lead to a loss of performance. In this work, binary antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) and ternary copper antimony sulfide (CuSbS2) are synthesized by a convenient solvothermal process. These materials are used to study the Li‐active/inactive concept, by incorporating Cu into Sb2S3 forming CuSbS2 wherein Cu is Li inactive whereas Sb is Li active. By direct comparison, we have shown that incorporating Cu into binary antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) resulting into ternary copper antimony sulfide (CuSbS2) addresses the problem of poor conductivity and capacity loss, as Cu provides conductivity leading to enhanced charge transfer and prevents Sb particle aggregation while charge‐discharge by exhibiting spectator or diluent ion effect. The better performance of CuSbS2 is associated with the better Li+ ion diffusion in the CuSbS2 (D=8.97×10−15 cm2 s−1) compared to Sb2S3 (D=2.76×10−15 cm2 s−1) and lower series resistance of CuSbS2 (R=4.70×105 Ω) compared to Sb2S3 (R=5.81×108 Ω). We have also investigated the composite with the addition of rGO. The CuSbS2‐rGO delivered a reversible capacity of 672 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 200 mA g−1 which has shown best performance.
CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products
Authors: Mandal Mrinmay 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectroreduction of CO2 to value‐added products has garnered considerable attention as a promising low‐cost technology to combat the increasing risks from global warming by reducing the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. This sustainable process uses renewable energy sources for electroreduction reactions. Recently, a novel electrode design facilitating ion and gas transport has shown record high current density and energy efficiency for the electroreduction reactions.
Corporate social responsibility in nonprofit organizations: The brokerage role of community housing mutuals
Authors: Phillips Steve , Taylor Dan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFocusing on both internally and externally social responsibility practices can help dual mission organizations to become “responsible” beyond their raison d'etre and so improve the services they provide to their communities. Organizations within the nonprofit sector are facing dual pressures of being more commercial in approach in addition to adhering to their social mission, particularly in a period of lower public funding and increased stakeholder expectation. The importance of the social mission and the requirements of stakeholders has led to nonprofit organizations having to address social responsibility by adopting Corporate Social Responsibility approaches usually associated with private, for‐profit organizations. Through the study of a Community Housing Mutual Association, concentrating on partnerships, corporate philosophy, and their internal and external features and practices, these organizations can become more socially responsible and, therefore, improve the services they provide to the communities they support.
Effects of Nickel Aluminate Spinel (NiAl2O4) as Catalyst Support and Promoters (Ru, Rh) in Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Khalighi Reza , Bahadoran Farzad , Panjeshahi M. Hassan , Zamaniyan Akbar , Tahouni Nassim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe novel NiAl2O4 spinel was used as support to synthesis cobalt catalysts and investigated for Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts (Co/NiAl2O4, Co/Rh/NiAl2O4, Co/Ru/NiAl2O4 and Co/γ‐Al2O3) were characterized by XRD, BET, ICP, SEM, FESEM, HRTEM, TPR and TGA analysis before reaction. It was shown the use of novel NiAl2O4 support that was prepared by a modified sol‐gel process had a good dispersion. Besides that, Nickel aluminate decreased the interaction of Co and support and resulting in a significant increase in the reduction degree and the catalytic activity. The catalyst of 15Co/0.5Rh/NiAl2O4 shows the highest catalytic activity. It is worth noting that the NiAl2O4 support decreased the CH4 selectivity but enhanced the C5+ selectivity and catalytic stability.
Investigation of Oiling‐Out Phenomenon of Small Organic Molecules in Crystallization Processes: A Review
Authors: Meng Zichao , Huang Yan , Cheng Shuo , Wang Jingtao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOiling‐out phenomenon occurs in many crystallization processes and might cause processing problems especially in the drug crystallization. This paper discusses the mechanism of oiling‐out processes from the thermodynamics, crystallization kinetics, molecular simulation and other important factors. This review clarifies the intrinsic relationship between oiling‐out and crystal nucleation and growth on the basis of the relevant theories, and tries to explore possible strategies to the problems caused by oiling‐out. Three strategies, optimization of initial conditions, seeding and ultrasonic irradiation, have been developed to control and avoid oiling‐out. Finally, several suggestions for the future research of oiling‐out including the study in molecular level (Van deer Waals forces, H‐bonding and dipole moments et al.), simulation and microfluidics are presented. This review will be helpful to those readers whose researches involve the liquid‐liquid phase separation and crystallization.
A High Performance Electrochemical Sensor for Pb2+ Ions Based on Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized CoMn2O4 Nanocomposite
Authors: Bashir Nagina , Akhtar Mehwish , Nawaz Hafiza Zahra Rab , Warsi Muhammad Farooq , Shakir Imran , Agboola Philips O , Zulfiqar Sonia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn efficient electrochemical sensor for the trace level detection of heavy metal ion (Pb2+) was successfully developed using carbon nanotubes functionalized CoMn2O4 nanocomposite. The structural and morphological studies of prepared nanocomposite were confirmed by means of XRD, FTIR, FESEM and EDX analyses. Electrochemical properties were investigated by means of EIS and CV studies using standard potassium ferrocyanide as a redox couple while the stripping behaviour of fabricated electrode was determined by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Effect of various parameters such as deposition potential, stripping medium and deposition time were analyzed to have best detecting response on modified electrode. The designed sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability along with good reproducibility for the detection of lead ions which can be ascribed to the integrated high adsorption capacity of CoMn2O4 and large surface area of carbon nanotubes. A linear relationship between current response and lead ion concentrations was obtained in the range from 0.01 μM to 0.85 μM with a detection limit of 0.004 μM. Moreover, the developed sensor was not much affected by the presence of other foreign species. From these results, it is expected that the developed sensor can be applied for detection of various organic, metallic and organometallic environmental toxins with slight modification.
Synthesis of Bi(III) Immobilized on Carboxyl‐Terminated Triazine Dendrimer Stabilized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Improvement of Catalytic Activity for Synthesis of Indol‐3‐yl Acrylates
Authors: Asadi Beheshteh , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Mirkhani Valiollah , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Moghadam Majid 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor the first time, the unusual ability of a Bi(III) immobilized on carboxyl‐terminated triazine dendrimer stabilized magnetic nanoparticles [Bi(III)‐CTTDS@Fe3O4] catalyst in the synthesis of indol‐3‐yl acrylates through the one‐pot four‐component reaction is reported. [Bi(III)‐CTTDS@Fe3O4] was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), thermal gravimetrical analysis (TGA), elemental analysis (EA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating‐sample magnetometer (VSM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) techniques. Additionally, this catalyst can be conveniently separated from the reaction mixture and reused several times without significant loss of its activity.
Efficient Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate via Transesterification from Ethylene Carbonate with Methanol Using KAlO2/γ‐Al2O3 Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Wei Qiang , Hu Jing , Zhang Hua , Wang Gongying , Yang Xiangui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an important environmentally‐friendly organic compound. The need for efficient synthesis of DMC has given a fillip to search for new catalysts and their cost‐effective preparation. In this work, a series of KAlO2/γ‐Al2O3 heterogeneous catalysts were rapidly prepared by impregnation method. These catalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, XPS, TG‐MS, ICP‐OES, BET and Hammett acid‐base titration and tested for the synthesis of DMC via transesterification from ethylene carbonate (EC) with methanol. The results demonstrated that KAlO2, as the active species, was produced in large quantities during the calcination process. The catalyst with a calcination temperature of 700 °C and a K2CO3 loading of 45 wt % exhibited the best catalytic activity. The optimum conditions for the process resulted in a catalyst amount of 1.0 wt %, a reaction temperature of 100 °C and a reaction time of 80 min, in which the EC conversion and DMC selectivity were 80.2 % and 98.9 %, respectively. In addition, the TON, TOF and reaction rate were 80.3, 61.2 h−1 and 3.91 gDMC⋅gcat−1⋅min−1. The reusability of the catalyst with best catalytic activity was also studied.
Filling the Pores of the Post‐Cross‐Linked Polymers with Different Rigid Cross‐Linking Bridges
Authors: Hao Aiping , Wang Siqi , Huang Jianhan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein, the one‐pot Friedel‐Crafts reaction was performed for polydivinylbenzene and 1,2‐dichloroethane, tetrachloride, and cyanuric chloride were used as the external cross‐linking agents to fill the mesopores of polydivinylbenzene. The results indicated that methylene, carbonyl, and triazine ring filled the mesopores of polydivinylbenzene as the rigid cross‐linking bridges successfully and the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area and total pore volume of the resultant post‐cross‐linked polymers were greatly increased and the pore size distribution was readily tuned. Importantly, using cyanuric chloride as the cross‐linking agent produced abundant micropores with considerable micropore area and micropore volume, and the pore size distribution had an obvious transfer from mainly distributed mesopores to predominated micropores. The equilibrium adsorption revealed that the resulting polymer PDVB‐CC using cyanuric chloride as the post‐cross‐linking agent exhibited the best adsorption to phenol with the maximum capacity (qmax) of 448.5 mg/g while the least adsorption to Congo red (qmax: 128.5 mg/g). The kinetic adsorption demonstrated that PDVB‐CC needed the least time to the equilibrium while more than 300 min was required for the adsorption of Congo red attaining the equilibrium due to the much difficult diffusion of Congo red in the micropores.
A Practical Approach to Ureas and Thiocarbamates: SO2F2‐Promoted Lossen Rearrangement of Hydroxamic Acid
Authors: Zhang Guofu , Cui Yin , Zhao Yiyong , Cui Yunqiang , Bao Shenxiao , Ding Chengrong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this update, we report a simple, mild and practical method for the synthesis of symmetrical urea via Lossen rearrangement promoted by SO2F2, which achieves the conversion from hydroxamic acid to symmetrical urea in high selectivity and provides a new method for facile initiation of Lossen rearrangement. Meanwhile, the reaction within amine or thiol also provide the efficient synthetic strategy towards unsymmetrical urea or thiocarbamates. Significant for gram‐scale application, we afford the desired product on gram‐scale by filtration without further purification. A plausible mechanism which is supported by control experimental and spectral data is proposed.
Antidemocratic and Exclusionary Practices: COVID-19 and the Continuum of Violence
Authors: Forester Summer , O'Brien Cheryl 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe global coronavirus pandemic has reified divisions, inequity, and injustices rooted in systems of domination such as racism, sexism, neoliberal capitalism, and ableism. Feminist scholars have theorized these interlocking systems of domination as the “continuum of violence.” Building on this scholarship, we conceptualize the U.S. response to and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic as reflective of the continuum of violence. We argue that crises like pandemics expose the antidemocratic and exclusionary practices inherent in this continuum, which is especially racialized and gendered. To support our argument, we provide empirical evidence of the continuum of violence in relation to COVID-19 vis-à-vis the interrelated issues of militarization and what feminists call “everyday security,” such as public health and gender-based violence. The continuum of violence contributes theoretically and practically to our understanding of how violence that the pandemic illuminates is embedded in broader systems of domination and exclusion.
Political Speech in Religious Sermons
Authors: Boussalis Constantine , Coan Travis G. , Holman Mirya R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReligious leaders and congregants alike report high levels of political discussions in their churches. Yet, direct observations of political topics in a wide set of religious settings are rare. We examine the nature of political speech by clergy with a novel dataset of over 110,000 sermons. Using a computational text analysis approach and multiple forms of validation, we find political content in more than a third of religious sermons and that seven of 10 pastors discuss political topics at some point. Common topics include the economy, war, homosexuality, welfare, and abortion. We then use a geographic data to link the sermons to demographic and political information around the church and to information about the church and pastor to evaluate the variation of political content in sermons. We find that most pastors—across location and denomination—engage around political topics, confirming the intertwined nature of religion and politics in the United States.
Why Does the CP El Niño less Frequently Evolve Into La Niña than the EP El Niño?
Authors: He Shan , Yu Jin‐Yi , Yang Song , Fang Shih‐Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring 1958–2017, the Central‐Pacific (CP) El Niño evolved into La Niña less frequently (38%) than the Eastern‐Pacific (EP) El Niño (75%). Composite analyses reveal that the reversal of zonal wind anomalies in the tropical western Pacific is the key mechanism for the EP El Niño's transitions to La Niña. This reversal induces oceanic Kelvin waves to promote the La Niña onset. This reversal mechanism is often triggered by the Indo‐Pacific teleconnection produced by the EP El Niño. Consequently, the EP El Niño often experiences the transitional evolution. For the CP events, the southward shift of westerly anomalies in the tropical central Pacific is the key mechanism for transitions from El Niño to La Niña via local processes. However, the subtropical teleconnection of the CP El Niño prevents this mechanism from occurring and often causes the nontransitional evolution for the CP events.
Insolation and Greenhouse Gas Forcing of the South American Monsoon System Across Three Glacial‐Interglacial Cycles
Authors: Hou Alicia , Bahr André , Raddatz Jacek , Voigt Silke , Greule Markus , Albuquerque Ana Luiza , Chiessi Cristiano M. , Friedrich Oliver 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrecipitation extremes with devastating socioeconomic consequences within the South American Monsoon System (SAMS) are expected to become more frequent in the near future. The complexity in SAMS behavior, however, poses severe challenges for reliable future projections. Thus, robust paleomonsoon records are needed to constrain the high spatiotemporal variability in the response of SAMS rainfall to different climatic drivers. This study uses Ti/Ca ratios from X‐ray fluorescence scanning of a sediment core retrieved off eastern Brazilian to trace precipitation changes over the past 322 Kyr. The results indicate that despite the spatiotemporal complexity of the SAMS, insolation forcing is the primary pacemaker of variations in the monsoonal system. Additional modulation by atmospheric pCO2 suggests that SAMS intensity over eastern Brazil will be suppressed by rising CO2 emissions in the future. Lastly, our record reveals an unprecedented strong and persistent wet period during Marine Isotope Stage 6 driven by anomalously strong trade winds.
Fedratinib, a newly approved treatment for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis
Authors: Talpaz Moshe , Kiladjian Jean-Jacques 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMyeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-associated myelofibrosis (MF) is characterized by cytopenias, marrow fibrosis, constitutional symptoms, extramedullary hematopoiesis, splenomegaly, and shortened survival. Constitutive activation of the janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in MF leads to cell proliferation, inhibition of cell death, and clonal expansion of myeloproliferative malignant cells. Fedratinib is a selective oral JAK2 inhibitor recently approved in the United States for treatment of adult patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk MF. In mouse models of JAK2V617F-driven myeloproliferative disease, fedratinib blocked phosphorylation of STAT5, increased survival, and improved MF-associated disease features, including reduction of white blood cell counts, hematocrit, splenomegaly, and fibrosis. Fedratinib exerts off-target inhibitory activity against bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4); combination JAK/STAT and BRD4 inhibition was shown to synergistically block NF-kB hyperactivation and inflammatory cytokine production, attenuating disease burden and reversing bone marrow fibrosis in animal models of MPNs. In patients, fedratinib is rapidly absorbed and dosed once daily (effective half-life 41 h). Fedratinib showed robust clinical activity in JAK-inhibitor-naïve patients and in patients with MF who were relapsed, refractory, or intolerant to prior ruxolitinib therapy. Fedratinib is effective regardless of JAK2 mutation status. Onset of spleen and symptom responses are typically seen within the first 1–2 months of treatment. The most common adverse events (AEs) with fedratinib are grades 1–2 gastrointestinal events, which are most frequent during early treatment and decrease over time. Treatment discontinuation due to hematologic AEs in clinical trials was uncommon (~3%). Suspected cases of Wernicke’s encephalopathy were reported during fedratinib trials in ~1% of patients; thiamine levels should be monitored before and during fedratinib treatment as medically indicated. Phase III trials are ongoing to assess fedratinib effects on long-term safety, efficacy, and overall survival. The recent approval of fedratinib provides a much-needed addition to the limited therapeutic options available for patients with MF.
Provision of care through telemedicine during a natural disaster: a case study
Authors: Pasipanodya Elizabeth C. , Shem Kazuko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionAs the frequency and intensity of natural disasters increases, disaster preparedness is necessary for individuals with disabilities, including those with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, despite vulnerability to poorer outcomes, disaster preparedness for individuals with SCI is inadequate. Telemedicine has been effectively used to mitigate the impact of natural disasters. In this case study, we describe the provision of clinical care, via telemedicine, to an individual with SCI who was affected by the California Valley Fire in 2015.Case presentationThe individual described was an adult who sustained a SCI. Before discharge from acute inpatient rehabilitation, they enrolled in a research study, through which they received outpatient SCI-specific care via telemedicine (teleSCI). The participant attended several teleSCI visits prior to the start of the Valley Fire. In the midst and immediate aftermath of prolonged wildfire, and despite experiencing significant personal loss as a result of the fire, the participant continued to receive teleSCI services. TeleSCI was used to address emergent and extant medical concerns and to facilitate replacement of medical supplies and equipment destroyed by fire.DiscussionTeleSCI was used to provide continuity of care and was responsive to the needs of an individual with SCI severely affected by wildfire. Emergency preparedness that meets the needs of persons with disabilities is critical during times of crisis. Telemedicine may be an effective tool that can be applied to meet the medical needs of individuals with SCI and to mitigate the impact of disasters.
The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0
Authors: Jakobsson Martin , Mayer Larry A. , Bringensparr Caroline , Castro Carlos F. , Mohammad Rezwan , Johnson Paul , Ketter Tomer , Accettella Daniela , Amblas David , An Lu , Arndt Jan Erik , Canals Miquel , Casamor José Luis , Chauché Nolwenn , Coakley Bernard , Danielson Seth , Demarte Maurizio , Dickson Mary-Lynn , Dorschel Boris , Dowdeswell Julian A. , Dreutter Simon , Fremand Alice C. , Gallant Dana , Hall John K. , Hehemann Laura , Hodnesdal Hanne , Hong Jongkuk , Ivaldi Roberta , Kane Emily , Klaucke Ingo , Krawczyk Diana W. , Kristoffersen Yngve , Kuipers Boele R. , Millan Romain , Masetti Giuseppe , Morlighem Mathieu , Noormets Riko , Prescott Megan M. , Rebesco Michele , Rignot Eric , Semiletov Igor , Tate Alex J. , Travaglini Paola , Velicogna Isabella , Weatherall Pauline , Weinrebe Wilhelm , Willis Joshua K. , Wood Michael , Zarayskaya Yulia , Zhang Tao , Zimmermann Mark , Zinglersen Karl B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBathymetry (seafloor depth), is a critical parameter providing the geospatial context for a multitude of marine scientific studies. Since 1997, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) has been the authoritative source of bathymetry for the Arctic Ocean. IBCAO has merged its efforts with the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO-Seabed 2030 Project, with the goal of mapping all of the oceans by 2030. Here we present the latest version (IBCAO Ver. 4.0), with more than twice the resolution (200 × 200 m versus 500 × 500 m) and with individual depth soundings constraining three times more area of the Arctic Ocean (∼19.8% versus 6.7%), than the previous IBCAO Ver. 3.0 released in 2012. Modern multibeam bathymetry comprises ∼14.3% in Ver. 4.0 compared to ∼5.4% in Ver. 3.0. Thus, the new IBCAO Ver. 4.0 has substantially more seafloor morphological information that offers new insights into a range of submarine features and processes; for example, the improved portrayal of Greenland fjords better serves predictive modelling of the fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet.