bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentially-private software frequency profiling under linear constraints
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Hao Yu , Latif Sufian , Bassily Raef , Rountev Atanas 
Published: November 2020

Differential privacy has emerged as a leading theoretical framework for privacy-preserving data gathering and analysis. It allows meaningful statistics to be collected for a population without revealing ``too much'' information about any individual member of the population. For software profiling, this machinery allows profiling data from many users of a deployed software system to be collected and analyzed in a privacy-preserving manner. Such a solution is appealing to many stakeholders, including software users, software developers, infrastructure providers, and government agencies.We propose an approach for differentially-private collection of frequency vectors from software executions. Frequency information is reported with the addition of random noise drawn from the Laplace distribution. A key observation behind the design of our scheme is that event frequencies are closely correlated due to the static code structure. Differential privacy protections must account for such relationships; otherwise, a seemingly-strong privacy guarantee is actually weaker than it appears. Motivated by this observation, we propose a novel and general differentially-private profiling scheme when correlations between frequencies can be expressed through linear inequalities. Using a linear programming formulation, we show how to determine the magnitude of random noise that should be added to achieve meaningful privacy protections under such linear constraints. Next, we develop an efficient instance of this general machinery for an important subclass of constraints. Instead of LP, our solution uses a reachability analysis of a constraint graph. As an exemplar, we employ this approach to implement differentially-private method frequency profiling for Android apps.Any differentially-private scheme has to balance two competing aspects: privacy and accuracy. Through an experimental study to characterize these trade-offs, we (1) show that our proposed randomization achieves much higher accuracy compared to related prior work, (2) demonstrate that high accuracy and high privacy protection can be achieved simultaneously, and (3) highlight the importance of linear constraints in the design of the randomization. These promising results provide evidence that our approach is a good candidate for privacy-preserving frequency profiling of deployed software.
Personalized Antibodies for Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma (PANGEA): A Phase II Study Evaluating an Individualized Treatment Strategy for Metastatic Disease
Authors: Catenacci Daniel V.T. , Moya Stephanie , Lomnicki Samantha , Chase Leah M. , Peterson Bryan F. , Reizine Natalie , Alpert Lindsay , Setia Namrata , Xiao Shu-Yuan , Hart John , Siddiqui Uzma D. , Hogarth D. Kyle , Eng Oliver S. , Turaga Kiran , Roggin Kevin , Posner Mitchell C. , Chang Paul , Narula Sunil , Rampurwala Murtuza , Ji Yuan , Karrison Theodore , Liao Chih-Yi , Polite Blase N. , Kindler Hedy L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe one-year and median overall survival (mOS) rates of advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (GEA) are ∼50% and &lt;12 months, respectively. Baseline spatial and temporal molecular heterogeneity of targetable alterations may be a cause of failure of targeted/immunooncologic therapies. This heterogeneity, coupled with infrequent incidence of some biomarkers, has resulted in stalled therapeutic progress. We hypothesized that a personalized treatment strategy, applied at first diagnosis then serially over up to three treatment lines using monoclonal antibodies combined with optimally sequenced chemotherapy, could contend with these hurdles. This was tested using a novel clinical expansion-platform type II design with a survival primary endpoint. Of 68 patients by intention-to-treat, the one-year survival rate was 66% and mOS was 15.7 months, meeting the primary efficacy endpoint (one-sided P = 0.0024). First-line response rate (74%), disease control rate (99%), and median progression-free survival (8.2 months) were superior to historical controls. The PANGEA strategy led to improved outcomes warranting a larger randomized study.Significance:This study highlights excellent outcomes achieved by individually optimizing chemotherapy, biomarker profiling, and matching of targeted therapies at baseline and over time for GEA. Testing a predefined treatment strategy resulted in improved outcomes versus historical controls. Therapeutic resistance observed in correlative analyses suggests that dual targeted inhibition may be beneficial.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 211
ВПЛИВ ТИРЕОЇДНИХ ГОРМОНІВ ТА ЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ НАРКОЗУ НА ОБМІН ФОЛАТІВ В ОРГАНІЗМІ ЩУРІВ В ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТІ
Authors: Klishch I. M. , Yakymchuk O. M. 
Published: November 2020

Мета дослідження – з’ясувати особливості реакції фолатного обміну піддослідних тварин за умов змодельованого гіпертиреозу на дію різних засобів для наркозу.
Матеріали та методи. Для моделювання стану гіпертиреозу щурам вводили L-тироксин протягом 21 дня. Порівнювали вплив еутиреозу та гіпертиреозу на рівні гомоцистеїну та фолієвої кислоти на введення тіопенталу натрію та дексмедетомідину в експерименті.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. В плазмі крові тварин з експериментальним гіпертиреозом спостерігали зміни рівня гомоцистеїну та фолієвої кислоти під впливом тіопенталу натрію та дексмедетомідину гідрохлориду за умов гіпер- та еутиреозу.
Висновки. Активація обмінних процесів щитоподібної залоз впливає на універсальні системи захисту організму, що проявляється особливо яскраво в умовах операційного та періопераційного стресу порушенням фолатного обміну, що обумовлює підвищений ризик тромбоутворення та пошук засобів медикаментозної корекції порушеного гомеостазу.
FDG‐PET/CT and Pathology in Newly Diagnosed Head and Neck Cancer: ACRIN 6685 Trial, FDG‐PET/CT cN0
Authors: Stack Brendan C. , Duan Fenghai , Subramaniam Rathan M. , Romanoff Justin , Sicks JoRean D. , Bartel Twyla , Chen Chien , Lowe Val J. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveFDG‐PET/CT (fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography) is effective to assess for occult neck nodal disease. We report risks and patterns of nodal disease based on primary site and nodal level from data on the dissected cN0 per the results from ACRIN 6685.Study DesignProspective nonrandomized enrollment included participants with first‐time head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and at least 1 cN0 neck side to be dissected.SettingTwenty‐four ACRIN‐certified centers internationally (American College of Radiology Imaging Network).MethodsA total of 287 participants were enrolled. Preoperative FDG‐PET/CT findings were centrally reviewed and compared with pathology. Incidence, relative risk, pattern of lymph node involvement, and impact upon neck dissection were reported.ResultsAn overall 983 nodal levels were dissected (n = 261 necks, n = 203 participants). The highest percentages of ipsilateral positive nodes by primary location and nodal level were oral cavity (level I, 17/110, 15.5%), pharynx (level II, 6/30, 20.0%), and larynx (level VI, 1/3, 33.3%).ConclusionLevels at greatest risk for nodal disease in cN0 in terms of ipsilateral neck dissection are level I (oral cavity), II (pharynx), and VI (larynx). These data should be considered when treating patients presenting with cN0. This is the first study to comprehensively report the incidence, location, and risk of metastases in cN0 in the FDG‐PET/CT era.
Recovery After Adenotonsillectomy—Do Steroids Help? Outcomes From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Greenwell Ariana G. , Isaiah Amal , Pereira Kevin D. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesThe primary objective was to compare pain control following adenotonsillectomy (AT) in children with and without a single postoperative dose of oral dexamethasone in addition to standard analgesic medication. The secondary objective was to compare changes in caregiver‐reported snoring, return to normal diet and baseline function, and the number of phone calls and emergency department (ED) visits.Study DesignProspective randomized controlled trial.SettingTertiary care university hospital.MethodsChildren aged 3 to 10 years with sleep‐disordered breathing who were scheduled to undergo AT were randomized to receive standard analgesia with or without dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg) administered on the third postoperative day. Standard analgesia was defined as alternating weight‐based doses of ibuprofen and acetaminophen. A nurse practitioner blinded to the study condition performed telephone surveys postoperatively, and the electronic medical record was reviewed.ResultsEnrollment comprised 149 children, of whom 119 were included. When compared with the control group (n = 61, 51%), children who received dexamethasone (n = 58, 49%) had a greater decrease in reported pain score on day 4 (mean ± SD, 2.5 ± 3.1 vs 1.1 ± 3.5, P <. 001). Additionally, steroid use was associated with fewer caregiver phone calls (18 [29.5%] vs 6 [10%]) and ED visits (6 [10%] vs 1 [2%]).ConclusionA single dose of dexamethasone administered on day 3 after adenotonsillectomy significantly improved pain control. There were fewer phone calls and ED visits in the steroid arm. These results support the use of oral steroids as an adjunct for postoperative pain control in children undergoing AT.
PARPBP is a prognostic marker and confers anthracycline resistance to breast cancer
Authors: Chen Bo , Lai Jianguo , Dai Danian , Chen Rong , Liao Ning , Gao Guanfeng , Tang Hailin 
Published: November 2020

Background: PARPBP (PARP1 binding protein) is an important suppressor of homologous recombination during DNA repair, but the expression and function of PARPBP in breast cancer remain unclear. Methods: PARPBP expression was analyzed in breast cancer patient samples and public datasets for its correlation with clinical outcome. The function of PARPBP in breast cancer cell proliferation and anthracycline treatment response were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Results: PARPBP was upregulated significantly at both mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer tissues compared with normal breast tissues. PARPBP high expression group had poorer overall survival (OS) than the PARPBP low expression group. Knockdown of PARPBP suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation and colony formation while overexpression of PARPBP did the opposite. We found that transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) could activate PARPBP expression by directly binding to the promoter of PARPBP. In addition, high expression of PARPBP related with anthracycline resistance in breast cancer. Depletion of PARPBP increased breast cancer cell apoptosis and DNA damage caused by epirubicin. Moreover, tumor xenograft experiments further demonstrated that PARPBP was involved in breast cancer anthracycline resistance. Conclusion: Taken together, our results highlight that PARPBP is a prognostic marker and confers anthracycline resistance on breast cancer.
Os Acromiale in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study
Authors: Carpeggiani Guilherme , Hodel Sandro , Götschi Tobias , Kriechling Philipp , Bösch Marco , Meyer Dominik C. , Wieser Karl 
Published: November 2020

Background: Increased passive deltoid tension after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) potentially leads to displacement or tilting of a preexisting os acromiale. Purpose: To analyze patients with an os acromiale who underwent RTSA and compare their outcomes and complications with a matched control group without an os acromiale. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: In this study, 45 shoulders in 42 patients with an os acromiale (cases) were matched to 133 patients without os acromiale (controls) who underwent RTSA between 2005 and 2016. The mean follow-up was 52 ± 32 months. Matching criteria included sex, type of surgery, duration of follow-up, and age. The Constant score (CS), Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), and radiological outcomes were assessed postoperatively at 1-year, 2-year, and final follow-up visits. Results: The mean CS, SSV, and range of motion improved from preoperative levels to the final follow-up in both groups ( P < .01). Patients with an os acromiale had a relative CS of 70 ± 23 versus 76 ± 21 points ( P = .15) and an SSV of 70 ± 30 versus 73 ± 24 ( P = .52) compared with controls at the final follow-up visit. Patients with an os acromiale had significantly decreased active flexion of 104° ± 33° versus 114° ± 33° ( P = .03) at 1 year and active abduction of 103° ± 37° versus 121° ± 38° at 2 years postoperatively ( P = .02). A postoperatively painful os acromiale was found in 12 cases (27%) and spontaneously resolved in 8 cases after a mean of 33 months (range, 12-47 months; P = .04). Conclusion: RTSA reliably restores patient satisfaction despite the presence of an os acromiale, with a slightly impaired range of motion. Postoperative local tenderness at the os acromiale can be expected in 1 out of 4 patients, but this resolves spontaneously over time in the majority of patients.
Seroprevalence, spatial dispersion and factors associated with flavivirus and chikungunya infection in a risk area: a population-based seroprevalence study in Brazil
Authors: Barreto Francisca Kalline de Almeida , Alencar Carlos Henrique , Araújo Fernanda Montenegro de Carvalho , Oliveira Rhaquel de Morais Alves Barbosa , Cavalcante John Washington , Lemos Daniele Rocha Queiroz , Farias Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha , Boriz Isac Lucca Frota , Medeiros Leticia Queiroz , Melo Marcelo Nunes Pereira , Miyajima Fábio , Siqueira André Machado , Freitas André Ricardo Ribas , Cavalcanti Luciano Pamplona de Góes 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The State of Ceará, in Northeastern Brazil, suffers from a triple burden of arboviruses (dengue, Zika and chikungunya). We measured the seroprevalence of chikungunya, dengue and Zika and its associated factors in the population of Juazeiro do Norte, Southern Ceará State, Brazil.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of analytical and spatial analysis was performed to estimate the seroprevalence of dengue, Zika and chikungunya, in the year 2018. Participants were tested for IgM and IgG against these three viruses. Those with IgM and/or IgG positive tests results were considered positive. Poisson regression was used to analyze the factors associated with positive cases, in the same way that the spatial analysis of positive cases was performed to verify whether the cases were grouped.

Results
Of the 404 participants, 25.0% (103/404) were positive for CHIKV, 92.0% (373/404) for flavivirus (dengue or Zika) and of these, 37.9% (153/404) samples were classified as probable dengue infection. Of those who reported having had an arbovirus in the past, positive CHIKV cases had 58.7% arthralgia (PR = 4.31; 95% CI: 2.06–9.03; p = 0.000) mainly in the hands, ankles and feet. Age over 60 years had a positive association with cases of flavivirus (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.09–1.54; p = 0.000). Fever, muscle pain, joint pain and skin rash were the most reported symptoms (46.1, 41.0, 38.3 and 28.41%, respectively). The positive cases of chikungunya and dengue or Zika were grouped in space and the city center was most affected area.

Conclusions
Four years after the introduction of CHIKV, where DENV has been in circulation for over 30 years, 1/4 of the population has already been exposed, showing the extent of the epidemic. The measured prevalence was much higher than that reported by local epidemiological surveillance.
Association between adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein with left ventricular remodelling and diastolic function in type 2 diabetes: a prospective echocardiography study
Authors: Wu Mei-Zhen , Lee Chi-Ho , Chen Yan , Yu Shuk-Yin , Yu Yu-Juan , Ren Qing-Wen , Fong Ho-Yi Carol , Wong Pui-Fai , Tse Hung-Fat , Lam Siu-Ling Karen , Yiu Kai-Hang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The relationship between adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP) and cardiac remodelling has been reported in cross-sectional studies, although with conflicting results. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, as well as elevated circulating AFABP levels. Here we investigated prospectively the association between AFABP with the longitudinal changes of cardiac remodelling and diastolic dysfunction in T2DM.

Methods
Circulating AFABP levels were measured in 176 T2DM patients without cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at baseline. All participants received detailed transthoracic echocardiography both at baseline and after 1 year. Multivariable linear and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of circulating AFABP levels with changes in echocardiography parameters and incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), respectively.

Results
The median duration between baseline and follow-up echocardiography assessments was 28 months. Higher sex-specific AFABP quartiles at baseline were associated with increase in LV mass and worsening of average E/e′ (all P < 0.01). Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that AFABP in the highest quartile was independently associated with both increase in LV mass (β = 0.89, P < 0.01) and worsening of average E/e′ (β = 0.57, P < 0.05). Moreover, multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that elevated baseline circulating AFABP level independently predicted incident MACE (HR 2.65, 95% CI 1.16–6.05, P < 0.05) after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin, hypertension, dyslipidemia and presence of chronic kidney disease.

Conclusion
Circulating AFABP level at baseline predicted the development of LV hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and MACE in T2DM patients without CVD.
Definitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells through serum/feeder-free organoid-induced differentiation
Authors: Demirci Selami , Haro-Mora Juan J. , Leonard Alexis , Drysdale Claire , Malide Daniela , Keyvanfar Keyvan , Essawi Khaled , Vizcardo Raul , Tamaoki Naritaka , Restifo Nicholas P. , Tisdale John F. , Uchida Naoya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Ex vivo production of hematopoietic stem/precursor cells (HSPCs) represents a promising versatile approach for blood disorders.

Methods
To derive definitive HSPCs from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), we differentiated mesodermally specified embryoid bodies (EBs) on gelatin-coated plates in serum/feeder-free conditions.

Results
Seven-day EB maturation followed by an 8-day differentiation period on OP9 cells provided the highest number of definitive (CD34+ CD235a−, 69%, p < 0.01) and lowest number of primitive (CD34− CD235a+, 1.55%, p < 0.01) precursor cells along with the highest colony-forming units (149.8 ± 11.6, p < 0.01) in feeder-free conditions. Maximal HSPC fraction (CD34+ CD38− CD45RA− CD49f+ CD90+) was 7.6–8.9% after 10 days of hematopoietic differentiation with 14.5% adult β-globin expression following RBC differentiation. Myeloid and erythroid colonies were restricted strictly to the CD34+ CD43+ fraction (370.5 ± 65.7, p < 0.001), while the CD34− CD43+ fraction produced only a small number of colonies (21.6 ± 11.9). In addition, we differentiated the CD34+ CD43+ cells towards T-lymphocytes using the OP9/DLL1 co-culture system demonstrating double-positive T cells (CD4+ CD8+) with CD3+ expression displaying a broad T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. Confocal imaging of organoid-like structures revealed a close association of CD31+ cells with CD34+ and CD43+ cells, suggesting a potential emergence of HSPCs through endothelial to hematopoietic transition. Furthermore, fluorescently labeled organoids exhibited the emergence of spherical non-attached cells from rare progenitors at the border of the organoid center.

Conclusions
In summary, definitive HSPCs can be derived from ESCs through a dynamic cellular process from an organoid-like structure, where erythroid progeny are capable of producing adult hemoglobin and lymphoid progeny shows a diverse TCR repertoire.
Stakeholder views on the potential impact of a sugar-sweetened beverages tax on the budgets, dietary intake, and health of lower and higher socioeconomic groups in the Netherlands
Authors:   on behalf of the PEN Consortium, Djojosoeparto Sanne K. , Eykelenboom Michelle , Poelman Maartje P. , van Stralen Maartje M. , Renders Carry M. , Olthof Margreet R. , Steenhuis Ingrid H. M. , Kamphuis Carlijn B. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity exist in many European countries. A sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) tax may contribute to a reduction of these inequalities. However, in the Netherlands, the government decided to not (yet) introduce an SSB tax, although the government has acknowledged its potential to be pro-equity. Understanding how various stakeholder groups perceive the potential effects of an SSB tax on different socioeconomic groups may provide useful insights into equity-related considerations in the debate whether or not to implement an SSB tax. This study aims to gain insight into the perceptions of stakeholder groups in the Netherlands on (1) the effects of an SSB tax on the budgets of lower and higher socioeconomic groups and (2) the impact of an SSB tax on socioeconomic inequalities in dietary intake and health.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2019 with 27 participants from various stakeholder groups in the Netherlands (i.e. health and consumer organizations, health professional associations, trade associations, academia, advisory bodies, ministries and parliamentary parties). Data were analyzed using a thematic content approach.

Results
Participants from all stakeholder groups indicated that an SSB tax would have a larger impact on the budgets of lower socioeconomic groups. Participants from nearly all stakeholder groups (except trade associations) mentioned that an SSB tax could have greater health benefits among lower socioeconomic groups as these often have a higher SSB consumption and are more likely to be overweight or obese. Some participants mentioned that an SSB tax may have no or adverse health effects among lower socioeconomic groups (e.g. compensation of lower SSB consumption with other unhealthy behaviours). Some participants emphasised that an SSB tax should only be introduced when accompanied by other interventions (e.g. offering healthy alternatives), to make it easier for lower socioeconomic groups to lower their SSB consumption in response to an SSB tax, and to prevent adverse health effects.

Conclusions
Participants believed an SSB tax could contribute to a reduction in socioeconomic inequalities in dietary intake and health. However, additional interventions facilitating the reduction of SSB consumption in lower socioeconomic groups were recommended.
Concerns about the misleading conclusions regarding estimation of the net energy value of soybean meal relative to corn using the caloric efficiency approach in pigs
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Li Zhongchao , Liu Ling 
Published: November 2020

AbstractApart from energy balance trials such as calorimetry, growth trials could also be used to estimate the energy values of feed ingredients with caloric efficiency as an indicator. Recent work used such methods reported greater net energy (NE) value of soybean meal (SBM) relative to corn in nursery pigs. We theoretically compared the NE values of SBM and corn according to the definition of NE and properties of the major chemical compositions in each ingredient. Meanwhile, we thoroughly examined the diet formulations and related analysis used in this work and compared this study with some peer works. We found that this study may suffer from problems with experimental design, reference citation, and data interpretation. In summary, the conclusion from the recent work that the SBM NE value may be greater than the corn NE value is likely to be erroneous.