bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL PREDICTION OF THE PROPERTIES OF SUPERALLOYS
Authors: A. A. Glotka  , V. E. Ol'shanetskii  , S. V. Haiduk  
Published: December 2020

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to obtain predictive regression models, with the help of which it is possible to adequately calculate the mechanical properties of heat-resistant nickel alloys, without conducting preliminary experiments. Methodology. Industrial alloys for equiaxed casting of domestic and foreign production were selected for research. The values were processed by the least squares method with obtaining correlation dependences with obtaining mathematical equations of regression models that optimally describe these dependences. Findings. As a result of processing experimental data, the ratio of alloying elements Kg¢ was proposed for the first time, which can be used to assess the mechanical properties, which takes into account the complex effect of the alloy main components. Since the dimensional mismatch of the lattice parameters is associated with the degree of concentration solid solution hardening of the γ- and γ′-phases, the efficiency of precipitation hardening of the alloy, the creep rate, and other properties, the Kg¢ ratio makes it possible to relate these properties to multicomponent systems. Regression models are presented, with the help of which it is possible to calculate the dimensional mismatch, strength, heat resistance, the amount of g¢ phase and the density of alloys with high accuracy. The regularities of the influence of the composition on the properties of equiaxed heat-resistant nickel alloys are established. It is shown that for multicomponent nickel systems, it is possible to predict with high reliability misfit, which has a significant effect on the strength characteristics of alloys of this class. For heat-resistant nickel alloys, a decrease in the misfit value is accompanied by a decrease in the number of elements in the g-solid solution at a value of Kg¢ = 1.5–2. However, an increase in Kg¢ greater than 2 is accompanied by an increase in misfit, since the volume fraction of g¢-forming elements significantly increases and begins prevail. A correlation has been established between the specific density and the average atomic mass of the alloys. Originality. It is shown that with an increase in the atomic mass, the specific density of alloys increases, since elements with a high atomic mass, which increase the specific density, belong to the elements that predominantly strengthen the g-solid solution and do not have a noticeable effect on the intermetallic hardening of alloys. Practical value. A promising and effective direction is shown in solving the problem of predicting the main characteristics that affect the complex of service properties of alloys both in the development of new heat-resistant nickel alloys and in the improvement of the compositions of well-known industrial brands of this class.
As mudanças do clima e os desafios da gestão dos recursos hídricos nas Bacias do PCJ
Authors: Cosso Sandro Pinheiro de Assis , Amaral Paulo Silas do , Mariosa Duarcides Ferreira 
Published: December 2020

O objetivo geral da pesquisa da qual se originou o presente texto foi o de avaliar se, em razão da drástica redução da oferta hídrica no âmbito das Bacias Hidrográficas dos Rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiai – Bacias do PCJ, também ocorreram mudanças nas diretrizes do planejamento das ações e da gestão deste recurso vital para a sobrevivência humana. Muito embora a água seja um recurso natural, sua coleta, distribuição e consumo em qualidade e quantidades sustentáveis dependem da ação antrópica. Assim, se entre os anos de 2013 e 2015 uma seca prolongada, resultado dos efeitos complexos e generalizados da mudança climática, trouxe grandes transtornos e desafios para a população do Centro-Sul do Brasil, o encaminhamento das soluções são aqui investigados. Mediante pesquisa de base documental, valendo-se da técnica da análise de conteúdo, pretendeu-se, neste estudo, acompanhar o impacto que a estiagem de 2013/15 teve no planejamento e plano de gestão dos recursos hídricos das Bacias do PCJ. Os resultados da análise dos documentos oficiais, relatórios de situação e diagnóstico da situação hídrica nas Bacias do PCJ indicam que a redução da oferta de água fez-se acompanhar de posturas, investimentos e a adoção de práticas que estão mais na esfera social, comportamental, educativa e socioeconômica que exclusivamente ambiental. Observou-se que foram usados argumentos e práticas discursivas que sugerem uma mudança de postura dos gestores: a passagem das assim chamadas tecnologias “cinza” para as tecnologias “verdes”, na tentativa de amenizar os efeitos da redução da oferta hídrica.
Estudo da morfometria de três sub- bacias urbanas no rio Xingu e as mudanças na dinâmica de inundações após a construção da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte em Altamira, PA
Authors: Oliveira Rita Denize de , Rocha Paulo Cesar , Senna Cristina do Socorro Fernandes 
Published: December 2020

As sub –bacias dos igarapés Ambé, Altamira e Panelas integram a Bacia Hidrografia do Xingu, e atravessam a área urbana de Altamira, Estado do Pará. O estudo morfométrico das sub-bacias deu-se pela incidência de eventos de inundações graduais e bruscas. A análise morfometrica de três sub – bacias de acordo com procedimentos adotados por Christofoletti (1999), uso do software QGIS versão 3.0 e pesquisa de campo. A altimetria é uma das variáveis naturais de maior influência na incidência de inundações, no caso das inundações bruscas ressalta-se contribuição da variável uso e ocupação do solo, marcado pela presença de atividades degradantes como pecuária extensiva, implantação de açudes e barragens clandestinas e ocupação desordenada das planícies fluviais. A instalação da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte modificou a dinâmica de inundação das planícies fluviais que interagiam com pulso de inundações do Rio Xingu (dinâmica de enchente e vazante), tornaram-se áreas de inundação permanente.
Análise das calçadas e travessias de um trecho de orla de praia urbana por meio de um índice de caminhabilidade
Authors: Becker Ricardo Machado , Stein Peolla Paula 
Published: December 2020

A segurança viária é considerada um dos fatores que incentiva ou inibe os deslocamentos a pé nas áreas urbanas. Alguns índices utilizados para avaliar a qualidade do ambiente construído para o pedestre levam em consideração este fator. No índice de caminhabilidade (iCam) desenvolvido pelo Instituto de Políticas de Transporte e Desenvolvimento (ITDP), a segurança viária é uma categoria que é avaliada pelos indicadores referentes a tipologia das ruas e a adequação das travessias aos requisitos de acessibilidade universal. São considerados aspectos como velocidade da via, presença de calçadões, vias com calçadas segregadas e presença ou não de travessia semaforizada. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar a aplicação do índice de caminhabilidade do ITDP em uma região com orla de praia na cidade de Ilhéus - Bahia, ressaltando o indicador da segurança viária, e analisar os resultados comparando com outros estudos realizados utilizando a mesma metodologia. O resultado obtido evidenciou que a segurança viária no que tange aos pedestres é deficitária, e a principal conclusão é que este fenômeno ocorre porque as travessias e tipologias ainda estão sendo planejadas para conveniência de circulação dos automóveis e não das pessoas.
Holocene Paleoseismology of the Steamboat Mountain Site: Evidence for Full-Length Rupture of the Teton Fault, Wyoming
Authors: DuRoss Christopher B. , Zellman Mark S. , Thackray Glenn D. , Briggs Richard W. , Gold Ryan D. , Mahan Shannon A. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe 72-km-long Teton fault in northwestern Wyoming is an ideal candidate for reconstructing the lateral extent of surface-rupturing earthquakes and testing models of normal-fault segmentation. To explore the history of earthquakes on the northern Teton fault, we hand-excavated two trenches at the Steamboat Mountain site, where the east-dipping Teton fault has vertically displaced west-sloping alluvial-fan surfaces. The trenches exposed glaciofluvial, alluvial-fan, and scarp-derived colluvial sediments and stratigraphic and structural evidence of two surface-rupturing earthquakes (SM1 and SM2). A Bayesian geochronologic model for the site includes three optically stimulated luminescence ages (∼12–17  ka) for the glaciofluvial units and 16 radiocarbon ages (∼1.2–8.6  ka) for the alluvial-fan and colluvial units and constrains SM1 and SM2 to 5.5±0.2  ka, 1σ (5.2–5.9 ka, 95%) and 9.7±0.9  ka, 1σ (8.5–11.5 ka, 95%), respectively. Structural, stratigraphic, and geomorphic relations yield vertical displacements for SM1 (2.0±0.6  m, 1σ) and SM2 (2.0±1.0  m, 1σ). The Steamboat Mountain paleoseismic chronology overlaps temporally with earthquakes interpreted from previous terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data along the fault. Integrating these data, we infer that the youngest Teton fault rupture occurred at ∼5.3  ka, generated 1.7±1.0  m, 1σ of vertical displacement along 51–70 km of the fault, and had a moment magnitude (Mw) of ∼7.0–7.2. This rupture was apparently unimpeded by structural complexities along the Teton fault. The integrated chronology permits a previous full-length rupture at ∼10  ka and possible partial ruptures of the fault at ∼8–9  ka. To reconcile conflicting terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data, we propose a hypothesis of alternating full- and partial-length ruptures of the Teton fault, including Mw∼6.5–7.2 earthquakes every ∼1.2  ky. Additional paleoseismic data for the northern and central sections of the fault would serve to test this bimodal rupture hypothesis.
Carreira profissional de homens e mulheres no setor de turismo: intersecção de profissão, carreira e divisão sexual do trabalho
Authors: Bicalho Thiago Eduardo Freitas , Maia Eloiza Helena Gonçalves , Quirino Raquel 
Published: December 2020

A atividade turística se desenvolve como uma das principais empregadoras do setor de serviços, contudo, há diferença entre ser profissional homem e ser profissional mulher e, consequentemente, este fator influencia as carreiras profissionais no setor de turismo. A questão central desta pesquisa é responder em que medida as produções científicas - teses e dissertações - abordam a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo. Com o intuito de responder a questão proposta, a presente investigação tem como objetivo geral apontar as produções científicas - teses e dissertações – que abordam a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo. A investigação divide-se em uma aproximação teórica conceitual de profissão, carreira profissional e divisão sexual do trabalho no setor de turismo e uma abordagem sobre a intersecção de carreira profissional e o trabalho no setor de turismo através das produções científicas. Através de uma análise qualitativa, a presente pesquisa é de natureza exploratória E adota-se como modelo a pesquisa bibliográfica com a busca dos dados na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD associando o descritor "turismo" aos descritores "profissão", "carreira" e "trajetória profissional". Aponta-se com esta investigação que apenas 01 produção científica adota um olhar sexuado na produção sobre a intersecção da carreira profissional de homens e mulheres com o trabalho no setor de turismo.
UAS-Derived Surficial Deformation around the Epicenter of the 2016 Mw 5.8 Pawnee, Oklahoma, USA, Earthquake
Authors: Ilesanmi Olufeyisayo , Liang Xue , Oboh-Ikuenobe Francisca E. , Rogers J. David , Abdelsalam Mohamed , Feight Jordan , Witt Emitt C. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTUnmanned aerial systems (UAS) provide a framework for recording perishable surficial data or information. Open fractures exhibiting regular en-echelon patterns were captured by a 12-megapixel, FL-9 mm camera attached to a Phantom IV UAS over the epicenter of the magnitude (Mw) 5.8 earthquake of September 3, 2016, 15 months later. The Digital Surface Models (DSMs) and orthoimagery offered a spatial resolution (∼1 cm) sufficient to identify small-scale plastic deformations that appear to be controlled by en-echelon joint sets developed in the underlying formation. The fissure boundaries and intersections are remarkably linear and sharp. They appeared to have been recently formed, presumably by seismic swarms believed to have been associated with wastewater injection. The DSMs revealed a series of conjugate patterns suggestive of regional systematic joints with apparent subsidence of infilling up to 50 cm. The earthquakes emanated from the Precambrian metamorphic basement, with epicentral clusters at ∼5- and 8-km depths. Low energy release from depths &gt;1.5 km appears to be locally attenuated by an unconsolidated “soil cap,” which likely formed an impedance contrast. The maximum deformation direction from the cumulative energy of earthquakes correlates with a wrench fault tectonics model that could conceivably produce the observed en-echelon joint sets observed in the orthoimagery and DSMs. These features were observed within 275 m of the reported Mw 5.8 epicenter. The remarkably linear repeating pattern of deformation appears to express fissures that preserve the wrench fault fractures generated by the Mw 5.8 earthquake emanating from discontinuity suites within marine sandstone, shale, and limestone of Pennsylvanian to Permian age.
Comparison of capillary and venous blood for malaria detection using two PCR based assays in febrile patients in Sierra Leone.
Authors: Leski Tomasz , Taitt Chris Rowe , Bangura Umaru , Lahai Joseph , Lamin Joseph M. , Baio Victoria , Koroma Mohamed S , Swaray Abdulai G. , Jacobsen Kathryn H. , Jackson Olivia , Jones Brian W , Phillips Cynthia L. , Ansumana Rashid , Stenger David A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. Malaria parasites infect over 200 million people and cause more than 400,000 deaths each year. Rapid and sensitive diagnostics are critical tools for clinical case management and public health control efforts. Both capillary and venous blood are currently used for malaria detection and while diagnostic technologies may not be equally sensitive with both materials, the published data on this subject are scarce and not conclusive.Methods. Paired clinical samples of venous and capillary blood from 141 febrile individuals in Bo, Sierra Leone, were obtained between January and May 2019 and tested for the presence of Plasmodium parasites using two multiplexed PCR assays: the FilmArray-based Global Fever Panel (GFP) and the TaqMan-based Malaria Multiplex Sample Ready (MMSR) assay.Results. We observed no significant differences in Plasmodium parasite detection between capillary and venous blood for both assays. The GFP assay was more sensitive than MMSR for all markers that could be compared (Plasmodium spp. and P. falciparum) in both venous and capillary blood.Conclusions. No difference was found in malaria detection between venous and capillary blood using two different PCR-based detection assays. This data gives support for use of capillary blood, a material which can be obtained easier by less invasive methods, for PCR-based malaria diagnostics, independent of the platform.
Click-ExM enables expansion microscopy for all biomolecules
Authors: Sun De-en , Fan Xinqi , Shi Yujie , Zhang Hao , Huang Zhimin , Cheng Bo , Tang Qi , Li Wei , Zhu Yuntao , Bai Jinyi , Liu Wei , Li Yuan , Wang Xiaoting , Lei Xiaoguang , Chen Xing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We describe the development of click-expansion microscopy (Click-ExM), which integrates click-labeling into ExM to enable a“one-stop-shop” method for nanoscale imaging of various types of biomolecules. Using 18 clickable labels for click-ExM imaging of DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, glycans and small molecules, we demonstrate its universality, compatibility with signal-amplification techniques, and broad applications in cellular and tissue imaging. The click-labeling and ExM steps could be finished within two days. This step-by-step protocol is related to the publication “Click-ExM enables expansion microscopy for all biomolecules” in Nature Methods.
The Risk of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene on Diarrhea-Related Infant Mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A Population-based Nested Case-Control
Authors: Mebrahtom Samuel , Worku Alemayehu , Gage Daniel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Diarrhea is still appeared to be as one of the leading global killers and disability-adjusted life-years lost, particularly in the infant and children. As per WHO, about 88% of diarrhea-related deaths are attributable to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation and insufficient hygiene, mainly in developing world. Thus, the main objective of this study was to find out the risk of such factors that contribute for diarrhea-related infant mortality in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: This study employed community based unmatched nested case-control study design in Eastern Ethiopia. The cases were infants who died from diarrheal disease while controls were those who survived their first year of life from September, 2016 to August, 2018. A total of 305 study subjects (61 cases and 244 controls) were included in the study. Infants dying from diarrhea were compared to four neighborhood controls in terms of several risk components of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. Data were collected from mothers/care takers of infants using pre-tested structured questionnaires, and entered onto CSpro version 5.1 and transform to SPSS version 23 to analyzed potential risk factors. Findings: Finding of this study revealed that the risk factors such as age of mother with <20 years old, unsafe drinking water storage, infants in households without point-of-use water treatment practices, households with unimproved sanitation status, unsafe disposing of child faeces and improper management of solid waste found to be significantly less likely to contribute infants dying from diarrhea than those with their reference group. Infants in households with improper management of liquid waste management strongly association which had three times more likely to occur diarrhea-related infant death (AOR: 3.43, 95% CI: 1.34, 8.76). Infants whose mother/caretaker practiced hand washing with less critical time (one-two occasions) had three times greater risk to infant death from diarrhoea than those who had practice more than three critical times of hand washing (AOR: 3.04, 95% CI: 1.13, 8.17). Conclusion: This study suggests that infants in households with improper management of liquid waste and hand washing practices with fewer occasions (one-two critical time) are a greater risk of getting a diarrhea-related infant death. Therefore, efforts should be made to ensure intervention taking such risk factors into consideration, typically in the infantile period. Key words: Diarrhea-related Infant Mortality, Risk factors, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Cyanobiont-bearing Dinoflagellate Ornithocercus in Temperate Coastal Waters: Cyanobiont Genetic Diversity and Host Specificity
Authors: Kim Miran , Choi Dong , Park Myung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in marine environments and play an important role as primary producers. Some cyanobacteria, the so called cyanobionts (cyanobacterial symbionts), have a symbiotic relationship with unicellular organisms. Among these relationships, in particular, the nature (e.g., genetic diversity, host or cyanobiont specificity, and cyanobionts seasonality) of the cyanobionts-dinoflagellate host consortia remain poorly understood. In this study, 16S rDNA of cyanobionts in a total of 138 single host cells isolated over four seasons in temperate waters were sequenced using the MiSeq platform. Genetic analysis of cyanobionts from the dinoflagellate host Ornithocercus revealed that three genetic types of Synechococcales cyanobionts occurred at a wide range of water temperatures (11–24°C) and their distribution seems to be closely associated with the variation in salinity. Furthermore, this study showed the presence of some degree of host (or cyanobiont) specificity in cyanobionts (or host) among Ornithocercus species as well as among other dinophysoid species (i.e. Amphisolenia, Citharistes, and Histioneis). In addition to Synechococcales cyanobionts, this study identified some OTU sequences affiliated with the Vampirovibrionales and Chroococcidiopsidales in some Ornithocercus cells, suggesting that Ornithocercus species seem to be an additional new habitat for those bacterial groups.
Predicting Short Stay Total Hip Arthroplasty by use the Timed Up and Go-test
Authors: Oosting Ellen , Kapitein Paul , Vries Suzan , Breedveld Ellen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEstablishing patient criteria is one of the most important steps before implementing short stay total hip arthroplasty (THA). Most existing risk models are mainly based on medical condition, but as physical functioning is associated with outcome after THA, we assume a measure of physical functioning might be of added value to predict short-stay THA.MethodsWe used retrospective data of 1559 patients who had anterior THA. Logistic regression analyses were done to study the predictive value of preoperative physical functioning by use of the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), in a basic model with age, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)-score for short stay THA (<36 hours). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was use to define a cut off point for TUG associated with LOS.Results TUG was significantly associated with LOS (OR 0.84, 95%CI 0.82-0.87) in univariate regression analysis. In multivariate regression, a model with the TUG had a better performance with an AUC of 0.77 (95%CI 0.74-0.79) and R2 of 0.27 then the basic model (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.73-0.77, R2 0.24). Patients with a preoperative TUG less than 10 seconds had an OR of 3.64 (95%CI 2.86-4.62) of being discharged within 36 hours.ConclusionsPerformance based physical functioning, measured by the TUG, is associated with short stay THA. This knowledge will help in the decision-making process for the planning, expectations and needs in outpatient THA protocols with the advantage that the TUG is a simple and fast instrument to be carried out.