bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing creative and connected online learning experiences
Authors: Gabaree Lily , Rodeghiero Carolina , Presicce Carmelo , Rusk Natalie , Jain Rupal 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Open online courses have expanded opportunities for people to learn remotely. However, few online experiences offer participants ways to create projects and actively engage with course materials while developing meaningful personal connections with one another. The purpose of this paper is to share strategies implemented in a large online course and community, Learning Creative Learning (LCL), to foster a creative, connected community of learners, particularly important at a time when many people are isolated in their homes.

Design/methodology/approach
LCL is a free, open, online, six-week course and ongoing community for educators and others who are interested in exploring the ideas and practices of creative learning. This paper describes the course design and highlights effective strategies for cultivating a course community, including making activities personal; creating opportunities to connect, share and reflect; engaging participants as facilitators; and supporting a global, multilingual community of learners.

Findings
The authors discuss how these strategies have engaged participants in connecting and contributing to the growing course community, providing examples from observations and feedback of course participants.

Originality/value
Supporting a connected community of learners is particularly relevant in current times of isolation and remote learning. This paper illustrates and discusses strategies to design online learning experiences where participants can connect, create, collaborate and contribute to community building themselves.
Exploring teacher quality with a/r/tography in a teacher education course in China
Authors: Liu Laura B. , Wang Jiaoli 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aims to model the creative pedagogy of children's book development and then engages teacher education students in this work, as a way to explore and express conceptions of teacher quality, across cultural perspectives.Design/methodology/approachThis self-study engages a/r/tography and currere to explore teacher quality in a teacher education classroom in a Chinese university. A/r/tography (Irwin et al., 2006) considers teacher quality through the conventional lens based on standards and through a more aesthetic lens shaped by cultural nuances and personal experiences. This self-study engages currere (Pinar, 2004) as a methodology marked by contiguous living inquiry explored with an abstract lens aimed to see openings for insight leading to transformation (Pourchier, 2010).FindingsDiscussing similarities and distinctions across the presentation and conceptualization of teacher quality in the created children's books promoted dialogue considering intercultural, international pictures of a caring student–teacher relationship. A/r/tographic, currere approaches to exploring this enhanced reflective insight and supported acceptance of diverse notions of teacher quality.Originality/valueAs 21st-century global societies evolve, the meaning of progress also evolves from vertical linear trajectories to horizontal, webbed transformations, driven by differences leading to rhizomatic global connections. A/r/tography and currere are meaningful methodologies to explore the concept of teacher quality from aesthetic angles and on a more personal level so that our understandings may be shaped meaningfully by more diverse perspectives and voices.
Predicting the early growth of word and nonword reading fluency in a consistent syllabic orthography
Authors: Inoue Tomohiro , Georgiou George K. , Muroya Naoko , Hosokawa Miyuki , Maekawa Hisao , Parrila Rauno 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe present study aimed to examine the early growth of word and nonword reading fluency and their cognitive predictors in a consistent syllabic orthography (Japanese Hiragana).MethodOne hundred sixty‐nine Grade 1 Japanese children (Mage = 80.12 months, SD = 3.62) were followed until the middle of Grade 2 and assessed four times on word and nonword reading fluency in Hiragana. Nonverbal IQ, vocabulary, phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, phonological memory and morphological awareness were also assessed at the beginning of Grade 1.ResultsGrowth curve analysis showed that growth was faster in word reading than in nonword reading and the lexicality effect increased over time. Rapid automatized naming, phonological memory and morphological awareness were associated with the initial status and rate of growth in word and nonword reading. Furthermore, the initial status and the growth rates were highly correlated between word and nonword reading, even when the effects of the cognitive skills were controlled.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that, despite the remarkable differences in the growth trajectories of word and nonword reading fluency, they share at least a part of their underlying processes and develop closely in tandem during this period.
Current ideas about the roles of rapid eye movement and non–rapid eye movement sleep in brain development
Authors: Knoop Marit S. , de Groot Eline R. , Dudink Jeroen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the links between sleep and brain development is important, as rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non‐REM (NREM) sleep seem to contribute to different aspects of brain maturation. If children have sleep problems, REM sleep and NREM sleep are likely to have different consequences for their developing brain, depending on their age. We highlight important discoveries from human and animal research on the role sleep plays in brain development. A hypothetical model is presented to explain the dynamic relationship of REM sleep and NREM sleep with different processes of brain maturation, with implications for current neonatal care and future research.
Susceptibility of the floodwater mosquito Aedes albifasciatus from eggs of different dormancy times to the nematode parasite Strelkovimermis spiculatus
Authors: Di Battista C. M. , Fischer S. , Campos R. E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of egg dormancy times on susceptibility of larvae of the floodwater mosquito Aedes albifasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to parasitism by their natural enemy Strelkovimermis spiculatus (Nematoda: Mermithidae) and on their life history traits. Aedes albifasciatus eggs stored for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 months were hatched, and the larvae either exposed to S. spiculatus (treatment group) or not exposed (control group). Egg dormancy time had a negative effect on the retention of parasites, but no effect on the prevalence and intensity of parasitism or the melanization of nematodes. The survival to adulthood of control individuals decreased as dormancy time increased, whereas that of exposed individuals that remained uninfected was constant and low. A trend towards increasing development times with longer dormancy times was detected in the control group, but not in the exposed noninfected group. The results suggest nonconsumptive effects of parasites in exposed but not infected larvae from eggs with short dormancy times. In contrast, the relatively low fitness of larvae from eggs with long dormancy times regardless of their contact with the nematodes may be the result of the nutritional deprivation during the egg stage.
Laser-Driven Micro-Flyers for Dynamic Fragmentation Statistics of Boron Carbide
Authors: Mallick Debjoy D. , Magagnosc Daniel J. , Ramesh KT 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dynamic fragmentation through high-rate impact generates large numbers of fragments with various shapes and sizes. The fragmentation failure mode is an important part of the protection capacity of advanced ceramics which typically feature high strength and low density but fail in brittle modes. The penetration resistance of these brittle materials has been linked to the fragment size and shape created through impact in the literature [1]. Such studies have shown that particular fragment size and shape combinations can more effectively erode incoming projectiles, presenting a possible route to improve penetration resistance. These results stand in contrast to other studies that examine links between penetration resistance and material properties (e.g. fracture toughness or stiffness) which have sometimes resulted in contradictory correlations. Boron carbide has received a strong focus in the literature in recent years as an advanced ceramic with one of the highest specific strengths and lowest densities [2]. Yet boron carbide exhibits poor penetration resistance at higher loads, a phenomenon that some researchers attribute to a phase transformation termed “amorphization” [2]. To better understand the protection capacity of boron carbide under high rate loading, we use a laser-driven micro-flyer apparatus to impact boron carbide specimens.
A rupture limit equation for COPVs following a perforating MMOD impact
Authors: Schonberg William P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Most spacecraft have at least one pressurized vessel on board. One of the primary design considerations for earth-orbiting spacecraft is the anticipation and mitigation of the possible damage that might occur in the event of a micrometeoroid or orbital debris (MMOD) particle impact. To prevent mission failure and possibly loss of life, protection against perforation by such high-speed impacts must be included. In addition to a hole, it is possible that, for certain pressure vessel designs, materials, impact parameters, and operating conditions, a pressure vessel may experience catastrophic failure (i.e. rupture) as a result of a hypervelocity impact. If such a tank rupture were to occur on-orbit following an MMOD impact, not only could it lead to loss of spacecraft, but quite possibly, for human missions, it could also result in loss of life. In this paper we present an update to a Rupture Limit Equation, or RLE, for composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) that was presented previously. The update consists of modified RLE parameters and coefficients that were obtained after the RLE was re-derived using new / additional data. The updated RLE functions in a manner similar to that of a ballistic limit equation, or BLE, that is, it differentiates between regions of operating and impact conditions that, given a tank wall perforation, would result in either tank rupture or only a relatively small hole or crack. This is an important consideration in the design of a COPV pressurized tank – if possible, design parameters and operating conditions should be chosen such that additional sizable debris (such as that which would be created in the event of tank rupture or catastrophic failure) is not created as a result of an on-orbit MMOD particle impact.
Numerical modeling of impacts of twisted-pair data cables
Authors: Miller Joshua E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Data wire cable runs are a significant presence on the exterior of the International Space Station (ISS), and continued ISS mission support requires detailed assessment of cables due to micrometeoroid and orbit debris (MMOD) impact. These data wire cables are twisted-pair cables consisting of two 22 gauge stranded conductors inside a tight-fitting, braided-copper shield and jacket having a nominal outer diameter of 3.76 mm. Previous work has documented a total of 97 impact experiments that were performed into these cables to develop an empirical, statistical model for the failure of these cables in reliability studies; however, the experimental work left open the internal behaviors that contribute to the probabilistic findings. To address this shortcoming, numerical impact simulations have been performed to expand the understanding of the acquired dataset. This paper summarizes the dependence of impact location and speed to the penetration of wire jackets based upon particle size and provides an empirical ballistic limit equation based on the assumption that exposed conductors may lead to a short circuit. This work is consolidated with the previous experimental work for design and reliability assessments to cover projectile types, speeds and obliquities.
Hypervelocity impact performance of 3D printed aluminum panels
Authors: Davis Bruce A. , Hagen Richard A. , McCandless Robert J. , Christiansen Eric L. , Lear Dana M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
NASA, JSC has been developing a light-weight, multi-functional sandwich core for habitable structure over the last several years. Typically honeycomb-based structures have been and still are a common structural component for many applications in the aerospace industry, unfortunately, honeycomb structures with an ordered, open path through the thickness have served to channel the micro-meteoroid or orbital debris into the pressure wall (instead of disassociating and decelerating). The development of a metallic open cell foam core has been explored to enhance the micro-meteoroid or orbital debris protection, which is heavier than comparable honeycomb-based structures when non-structural requirements for deep space environments (vacuum, micro-meteoroids/orbital debris, and radiation) have not been considered. While the metallic foam core represents a notable improvement in this area, there is an overwhelming need to further reduce the weight of space vehicles; especially when deep space (beyond low earth orbit, or LEO) is considered. NASA, JSC is currently developing a multi-functional sandwich panel using additive machining (3D printing), this effort evaluated the material response of a limited amount of 3D printed aluminum panels under hypervelocity impact conditions. The four 3D printed aluminum panels provided for this effort consisted of three body centric cubic lattice structure core and one kelvin cell structure core. Each panel was impacted once with nominally the same impact conditions (0.34cm diameter aluminum sphere impacting at 6.8 km/s at 0 degrees to surface normal). All tests were impacted successfully, with the aforementioned impact conditions. Each of the test panels maintained their structural integrity from the hypervelocity impact event with no damage present on the back side of the panel for any of the tests. These tests and future tests will be used to enhance development of 3D printed structural panels.
Transitional ballistics of electric high-velocity launchers
Authors: Reck B. , Hundertmark S. , Hruschka R. , Zeiner A. , Sauerwein B. , Schneider M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The high-velocity launch of a projectile is subjected to a number of disturbances which exert an influence on the flight trajectory. In the case of sub-caliber projectiles, sabot separation is one of the critical aspects. In this work, we focus on the projectiles and the launch package of an electric railgun launch, i.e. on the behavior of the launch-package, when transitioning from the gun barrel to free-flight. This work further addresses the use of a hydrocode for creating numerical models which are capable of predicting the motion and deflection of the sabot parts during their separation from the projectile after exiting the muzzle. An earlier study showed that the air flow around the projectile and the sabot can be modeled with sufficiently high accuracy by means of a simulation code that uses an Eulerian description of the gas flow. Within a time interval of several milliseconds, just the duration that a projectile needs to enter quasi-stationary flight, viscous effects of the air or gas flow have relatively little influence on the sabot discard process. If the Eulerian gas flow is coupled with the Lagrangian structural parts, the mechanical response of the latter to the gas pressure can be complex in terms of deformation and damage, and in that way, can affect the gas flow. In this study, the hydrocode model is applied to a medium caliber launch package concept for accelerating long rod projectiles. The computed results agree well with the corresponding experimental values obtained from a launch package model test in the shock tunnel at Mach 4.5. This demonstrates that the presented hydrocode model can be used for launch package design optimizations with high confidence.
Adiabatic heating and damage formation of a composite associated with high-velocity impact
Authors: Li Zhiye , Zhang Xiaofan , O’Brien Daniel J. , Ghosh Somnath 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This work aims to develop a physically-based multiscale model incorporating material heterogeneities in order to study multi-physics damage and failure of S-glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites under high-velocity impact.
Influence of guideline adherence and parameter control on the clinical outcomes in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Lu Jingru , Zhao Wei , Chen Tingyu , Xu Zhuoyang , Sun Xingzhi , Xie Honglang , An Yu , Zeng Caihong , Hu Gang , Xie Guotong , Liu Zhihong 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionWe assessed the association between guideline adherence and outcomes of clinical parameter control and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and further studied the effect of parameter control on ESKD for Chinese patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Research design and methodsIn this retrospective study, 1128 patients with DN (15,374 patient-visit samples) diagnosed by renal biopsy were enrolled. Samples were classified as adherence and nonadherence based on whether prescribed drugs conformed to medication regimen and drug contraindication recommended by guidelines, including American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Chinese guidelines. Guideline adherence rate was calculated on all samples for antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatments. Clinical parameter control was compared after 3–6 months’ therapy between two groups by generalized estimating equation models. Time-dependent Cox models were applied to evaluate the influence of guideline adherence on ESKD. Latent class mixed model was used to identify distinct trajectories for parameters and their ESKD risks were compared using Cox proportional-hazards models.ResultsGuideline adherence rate of antihyperglycemic therapy was the highest, with 72.87% and 68.15% of samples meeting ADA and Chinese guidelines, respectively. Adherence was more likely to have good glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control (ADA: OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.88; Chinese guideline: OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.85) and good blood pressure control (ADA: OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.78; Chinese guideline: OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.79) compared with nonadherence. The improvement of patient’s adherence showed the potential to reduce ESKD risk. For proteinuria, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure and uric acid, patients in higher-value trajectory group had higher ESKD risk. Proteinuria and LDL-C trajectories were most closely related to ESKD risk, while the risk was not significantly different in HbA1c trajectories.ConclusionsGuideline adherence and good control of proteinuria and LDL-C in clinical practice are important and in need for improving clinical outcomes in patients with DN.
“Music is Sweet When Your Praises Are Sung”
Authors: Mboya T. Michael 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper interrogates the asymmetry that is inscribed in the patron–client paradigm often used to describe the relationship between artists and consumers of art who, also, promote it in Kenya. It does this by latching onto and inspecting a practice where members of the audience gave cash to musicians while making song requests in the “live band” music performances of Ja-Mnazi Afrika at The Noble Hotel in Eldoret town. The practice is shown to be an exchange of gifts on the basis of which a transactional relationship characterized by mutual dependence and reciprocity between musicians and members of their audience was established and maintained. A consideration of the power relations between musicians and members of their audience as read from the exchange of gifts leads to the argument that patronage was part of the “live band” music performances of Ja-Mnazi Afrika in Eldoret town and was a source of the social meaning of the performance. By participating in it, musicians and members of their audience embodied and enacted power—and thereby constructed a sense of the value of their lives.
Ultrasound- Versus CT-Guided Subpleural Lung and Pleural Biopsy: An Analysis of Wait Times, Procedure Time, Safety, and Diagnostic Adequacy
Authors: Mychajlowycz Mirek , Alabousi Abdullah , Mironov Oleg 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To compare the wait times, safety, and diagnostic adequacy of computed tomography (CT)–guided percutaneous lung biopsies with ultrasound (US) guidance for subpleural lung and pleural lesions. Methods: Consecutive CT- and US-guided biopsies performed at our institution between January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Biopsy wait times, lesion size, degree of pleural contact, procedure duration, number of needle passes, complications, and pathologic diagnosis were recorded and compared. Results: A total of 158 biopsies of subpleural or pleural-based lesions were reviewed. Forty-three cases utilized US guidance, while 115 cases used CT, 41 with conventional CT (CCT), and 74 with cone-beam CT guidance (CBCT). Overall, the mean lesion maximum axial diameter and length of pleural contact for US-guided biopsies was greater than for CT (4.8 ± 2.6 cm vs 3.2 ± 1.9 cm and 4.0 ± 2.5 cm vs 2.6 ± 1.7 cm, respectively, P < .001). Wait times for US-guided biopsies were significantly shorter than CCT by 10.9 days on average while being equivalent to CBCT. Procedure time was shorter for lesions localized with US than CT (29.5 ± 16.4 minutes vs 37.6 ± 19.5 minutes, P = .007) despite CT using less needle passes per lesion (3.5 ± 1.1 vs 3.1 ± 0.8, P = .034). Sample adequacy was equivalent for both modalities (88% for US and 92% for CT). The frequency of pneumothoraces was similar between US (12%) and CT (15%). Conclusion: Ultrasound and CT guidance have similar safety and diagnostic adequacy for subpleural lung and pleural biopsies. Ultrasound guidance has shorter wait and procedure times.
Ultrasonography-guided antegrade common femoral artery approach: Factors associated with access time
Authors: Hwang Jin Ho , Park Sang Woo , Kwon Yong Wonn , Min Jeeyoung , Chee Hyun Keun , Shin Je Kyoun 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasonography-guided antegrade common femoral artery puncture and subsequent superficial femoral artery access without the aid of fluoroscopy. Factors that could affect access time were also assessed. Methods: A total of 294 cases from 218 consecutive patients (163 men, 55 women; mean age: 66.9 ± 12.7 years) who underwent lower extremity endovascular procedures were retrospectively evaluated. The time between the injection of local anesthetic and the insertion of the microsheath into the superficial femoral artery was measured. The common femoral artery diameter, cutis thickness, distance between arterial puncture site and common femoral artery bifurcation, degree of common femoral artery calcification, body mass index, and history of previous access were investigated to assess their relationship with access time. Furthermore, all cases were assessed with ultrasonography for access-site complications before discharge. Results: Technical success was achieved in 293 of 294 procedures (99.7%). The mean time for superficial femoral artery access was 1.9 ± 0.8 min (range, 0.7–3.7 min). Additional fluoroscopic guidance was needed in one case. There were moderately positive correlations of body mass index ( r = 0.75; p < 0.001) and cutis thickness ( r = 0.58; p < 0.001) with access time. The other variables failed to reveal significant correlations with access time. Five groin hematomas occurred after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Complications such as pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, or retroperitoneal hematoma were not observed. Conclusion: Antegrade common femoral artery puncture with subsequent superficial femoral artery access conducted solely under ultrasonography guidance was feasible and safe. In addition, the antegrade access time showed positive correlations with body mass index and cutis thickness.