bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A heat transfer tube wear reliability analysis method based on first-order reliability method
Authors: Chen Xiao , He Xing , Tang Lichen , Li Yuebing , Zhou Mingjue , Jin Weiya , Gao Zengliang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The heat transfer tube is one of the most essential components of the nuclear power plant as the boundary between the first and second circuit pressures. The wear between the heat transfer tube and the support plate or the anti-vibration strip is one of the essential reasons for its failure. Based on a heat transfer tube wear analysis method, combined with the reliability analysis theory, the calculation scheme of tube wear failure probability is proposed in this paper. In the analysis and calculation process, the key factors affecting the reliability are determined, including the baffle thickness B and the aperture difference Ce. In the manufacturing process, these key factors can be controlled, which is instructive for engineering practice.
A fuzzy-based framework to support multicriteria design of mechatronic systems
Authors: Mohebbi Abolfazl , Achiche Sofiane , Baron Luc 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Designing a mechatronic system is a complex task since it deals with a high number of system components with multidisciplinary nature in the presence of interacting design objectives. Currently, the sequential design is widely used by designers in industries that deal with different domains and their corresponding design objectives separately leading to a functional but not necessarily an optimal result. Consequently, the need for a systematic and multiobjective design methodology arises. A new conceptual design approach based on a multicriteria profile for mechatronic systems has been previously presented by the authors, which uses a series of nonlinear fuzzy-based aggregation functions to facilitate decision-making for design evaluation in the presence of interacting criteria. Choquet fuzzy integrals are one of the most expressive and reliable preference models used in decision theory for multicriteria decision-making. They perform a weighted aggregation by the means of fuzzy measures assigning a weight to any coalition of criteria. This enables the designers to model importance and also interactions among criteria, thus covering an important range of possible decision outcomes. However, specification of the fuzzy measures involves many parameters and is very difficult when only relying on the designer's intuition. In this paper, we discuss three different methods of fuzzy measure identification tailored for a mechatronic design process and exemplified by a case study of designing a vision-guided quadrotor drone. The results obtained from each method are discussed in the end.
Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on health-related quality of life in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: results from JCOG0209, a randomized phase III study
Authors: Kitamura Hiroshi , Hinotsu Shiro , Tsukamoto Taiji , Shibata Taro , Mizusawa Junki , Kobayashi Takashi , Miyake Makito , Nishiyama Naotaka , Kojima Takahiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki ,   Urologic Oncology Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy provides survival benefits in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on health-related quality of life has not been investigated by a randomized trial. The purpose of this study is to compare health-related quality of life in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy or radical cystectomy alone based on patient-reported outcome data.

Methods
Patients were randomized to receive two cycles of neoadjuvant methotrexate, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and cisplatin followed by radical cystectomy or radical cystectomy alone. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder (version 4) questionnaire before the protocol treatments, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, after radical cystectomy and 1 year after registration.

Results
A total of 99 patients were analysed. No statistically significant differences in postoperative health-related quality of life were found between the arms. In the neoadjuvant chemotherapy arm, the scores after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were significantly lower than the baseline scores in physical well-being, functional well-being, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General total, weight loss, diarrhoea, appetite, body appearance, embarrassment by ostomy appliance and total Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder. However, there was no difference in scores for these domains, except for embarrassment by ostomy appliance, between the two arms after radical cystectomy and 1 year after registration.

Conclusions
Although health-related quality of life declined during neoadjuvant chemotherapy, no negative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on health-related quality of life was apparent after radical cystectomy. These data support the view that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be considered as a standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer regarding health-related quality of life.
Pedicled jejunal flap reconstruction for partial duodenectomy: a report of two cases
Authors: Takei Ryohei , Hashimoto Masashi , Zaimoku Ryosuke , Terakawa Hirohumi , Terada Itsuro , Tsukioka Yuji , Kiriyama Masato 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Conventional jejunal reconstruction procedures for large duodenal defects include jejunal serosal patch repair and duodenojejunostomy and have some risks of postoperative complications. The pedicled jejunal flap is used for reconstruction following laryngopharyngectomy, esophagectomy and other gastrointestinal surgeries. We report two cases of successful closure of duodenal defects after partial duodenectomies by pedicled jejunal flap reconstruction. Case 1: A 72-year-old man was diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy and computed tomography (CT). Case 2: A 63-year-old woman was diagnosed with early duodenal cancer using EGD and CT. Partial duodenectomy and pedicled jejunal flap reconstruction were performed in both patients. A part of the jejunum was formed into a pedicled flap to fit the duodenal defect and duodenojejunal anastomosis was performed. The patients did not report any postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms or abnormal findings during follow-up EGD or upper gastrointestinal radiography.
AGN dichotomy beyond radio loudness: a Gaussian mixture model analysis
Authors: Beaklini Pedro P B , Quadros Allan V C , de Avellar Marcio G B , Dantas Maria L L , Cançado André L F 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTSince the discovery of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), also known as quasars, they have been traditionally subdivided as radio-loud and radio-quiet sources. Whether such division is a misleading effect from a highly heterogeneous single population of objects, or real has yet to be answered. Such dichotomy has been evidenced by observations of the flux ratio between the optical and radio emissions (usually B band and 5 GHz). Evidence of two populations in quasars and samples of a wide diversity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) has been accumulated over the years. Other quantities beyond radio loudness also seem to show the signature of the existence of two different populations of AGNs. To verify the existence of a dichotomy through different parameters, we employed a soft clustering scheme, based on the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), to classify these objects simultaneously using the following parameters: black hole mass, colour, and R loudness index, as well as the usual radio and B-band luminosity. To investigate whether different kinds of AGNs manifest any population dichotomy, we applied GMM to four independent catalogues composed of both optical and radio information. Our results indicate the persistence of a dichotomy in all data sets, although the discriminating power differs for different choices of parameters. Although the radio loudness parameter alone does not seem to be enough to display the dichotomy, the evidence of two populations of AGNs could persist even if we consider other parameters. Our research suggests that the dichotomy is not a misleading effect but real.
Dynamical effects of the ambipolar diffusion in a protoplanetary disc
Authors: Gholipour Mahmoud 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTSeveral recent simulation works in the non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) formalism have shown the importance of ambipolar diffusion (AD) within the protoplanetary discs (PPDs) at large radii. In this study, we model the time evolution of a polytropic PPD in the presence of the AD. In this regard, the non-ideal MHD equations are investigated in the outer region of a PPD where the magnetic field evolution is dominated by the AD. The self-similar solution technique is used for a polytropic fluid including the self-gravity and viscosity. The ambipolar diffusivity and its derivative are crucial for the formulation of this study. Hence, this variable is scaled by an important factor, that is the Elsasser number. The self-similar equations are derived, and the semi-analytical and numerical solutions are presented for the isothermal and polytropic cases. The analytical approach enables us to know the asymptotic behaviour of the physical variables in a PPD, such as the angular momentum and magnetic field. Furthermore, the coupling/decoupling of magnetic field with the angular momentum was discussed analytically to find a corresponding model for the angular momentum loss at large radii of a PPD. Regarding this approach, we found that the magnetic braking induced by the AD at large radii has a high potential to loss the angular momentum even if the turbulent viscosity is not efficient. Also, the sign and values of vertical velocity strongly depends on the sign and values of radial field in the polytropic case.
The 300-pc scale ALMA view of [C i] 3P1–3P0, CO J = 1–0, and 609-μm dust continuum in a luminous infrared galaxy
Authors: Saito T , Michiyama T , Liu D , Ao Y , Iono D , Nakanishi K , Schinnerer E , Tadaki K , Ueda J , Yamashita T 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present high-quality Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 8 observations of the [C i] 3P1–3P0 line and 609-μm dust continuum emission towards the nearby luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) IRAS F18293-3413, as well as matched resolution (300-pc scale) Band 3 CO J = 1–0 data, which allow us to assess the use of the [C i] 3P1–3P0 line as a total gas mass estimator. We find that the [C i] line basically traces structures detected in CO (and dust) and a mean (median) [C i]/CO luminosity ($L^{\prime }_{\rm [C\, {\small I}]}$/$L^{\prime }_{\rm CO}$) ratio of 0.17 (0.16) with a scatter of 0.04. However, a pixel-by-pixel comparison revealed that there is a radial $L^{\prime }_{\rm [C\, {\small I}]}$/$L^{\prime }_{\rm CO}$ gradient and a superlinear $L^{\prime }_{\rm CO}$ versus $L^{\prime }_{\rm [C\, {\small I}]}$ relation (slope = 1.54 ± 0.02) at this spatial scale, which can be explained by radial excitation and/or line opacity gradients. Based on the molecular gas masses converted from the dust continuum emission, we found that the CO-to-H2 and [C i]-to-H2 conversion factors are relatively flat across the molecular gas disc with a median value of 3.5$^{+1.9}_{-1.3}$ and 20.7$^{+9.2}_{-4.9}$ M⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1, respectively. A non-LTE calculation yields that typical molecular gas properties seen in nearby (U)LIRGs ($n_{\rm H_2}$ = 103−4 cm−3, Tkin ∼ 50 K, and $X_{\rm C\, {\small I}}$ = (0.8–2.3) × 10−5) can naturally reproduce the derived [C i]-to-H2 conversion factor. However, we caution that a careful treatment of the physical gas properties is required in order to measure H2 gas mass distributions in galaxies using a single [C i] line. Otherwise, a single [C i] line is not a good molecular gas estimator in a spatially resolved manner.
Alternative linker histone permits fast paced nuclear divisions in early Drosophila embryo
Authors: Henn László , Szabó Anikó , Imre László , Román Ádám , Ábrahám Andrea , Vedelek Balázs , Nánási Péter , Boros Imre M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In most animals, the start of embryogenesis requires specific histones. In Drosophila linker histone variant BigH1 is present in early embryos. To uncover the specific role of this alternative linker histone at early embryogenesis, we established fly lines in which domains of BigH1 have been replaced partially or completely with that of H1. Analysis of the resulting Drosophila lines revealed that at normal temperature somatic H1 can substitute the alternative linker histone, but at low temperature the globular and C-terminal domains of BigH1 are essential for embryogenesis. In the presence of BigH1 nucleosome stability increases and core histone incorporation into nucleosomes is more rapid, while nucleosome spacing is unchanged. Chromatin formation in the presence of BigH1 permits the fast-paced nuclear divisions of the early embryo. We propose a model which explains how this specific linker histone ensures the rapid nucleosome reassembly required during quick replication cycles at the start of embryogenesis.
The chromatin-binding protein PHF6 functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of H2BK120 via H2BK12Ac recognition for activation of trophectodermal genes
Authors: Oh Sungryong , Boo Kyungjin , Kim Jaebeom , Baek Seon Ah , Jeon Yoon , You Junghyun , Lee Ho , Choi Hee-Jung , Park Daechan , Lee Ji Min , Baek Sung Hee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is important for establishing lineage-specific gene expression during early development. Although signaling pathways have been well-studied for regulation of trophectoderm reprogramming, epigenetic regulation of trophectodermal genes with histone modification dynamics have been poorly understood. Here, we identify that plant homeodomain finger protein 6 (PHF6) is a key epigenetic regulator for activation of trophectodermal genes using RNA-sequencing and ChIP assays. PHF6 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for ubiquitination of H2BK120 (H2BK120ub) via its extended plant homeodomain 1 (PHD1), while the extended PHD2 of PHF6 recognizes acetylation of H2BK12 (H2BK12Ac). Intriguingly, the recognition of H2BK12Ac by PHF6 is important for exerting its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity for H2BK120ub. Together, our data provide evidence that PHF6 is crucial for epigenetic regulation of trophectodermal gene expression by linking H2BK12Ac to H2BK120ub modification.
Pentatricopeptide repeats of protein-only RNase P use a distinct mode to recognize conserved bases and structural elements of pre-tRNA
Authors: Teramoto Takamasa , Kaitany Kipchumba J , Kakuta Yoshimitsu , Kimura Makoto , Fierke Carol A , Hall Traci M Tanaka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) motifs are α-helical structures known for their modular recognition of single-stranded RNA sequences with each motif in a tandem array binding to a single nucleotide. Protein-only RNase P 1 (PRORP1) in Arabidopsis thaliana is an endoribonuclease that uses its PPR domain to recognize precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs) as it catalyzes removal of the 5′-leader sequence from pre-tRNAs with its NYN metallonuclease domain. To gain insight into the mechanism by which PRORP1 recognizes tRNA, we determined a crystal structure of the PPR domain in complex with yeast tRNAPhe at 2.85 Å resolution. The PPR domain of PRORP1 bound to the structurally conserved elbow of tRNA and recognized conserved structural features of tRNAs using mechanisms that are different from the established single-stranded RNA recognition mode of PPR motifs. The PRORP1 PPR domain-tRNAPhe structure revealed a conformational change of the PPR domain upon tRNA binding and moreover demonstrated the need for pronounced overall flexibility in the PRORP1 enzyme conformation for substrate recognition and catalysis. The PRORP1 PPR motifs have evolved strategies for protein-tRNA interaction analogous to tRNA recognition by the RNA component of ribonucleoprotein RNase P and other catalytic RNAs, indicating convergence on a common solution for tRNA substrate recognition.
Self-assembly of metalla[3]catenanes, Borromean rings and ring-in-ring complexes using a simple π-donor unit
Authors: Lu Ye , Liu Dong , Lin Yue-Jian , Li Zhen-Hua , Jin Guo-Xin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite extensive research and several stunning breakthroughs in the synthesis of interlocked molecular species, [3]catenanes, Borromean rings and ring-in-ring complexes are exceedingly rare and their targeted synthesis remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a series of Cp*Rh-based homogeneous and heterogeneous interlocked structures have been prepared by coordination-driven self-assembly, not only including metalla[2]catenanes and molecular Borromean rings, but also linear metalla[3]catenanes and ring-in-ring complexes. The interlocked structures are all based on bithiophenyl groups. The bithiophenyl groups effectively enhance the strength of the inter-ring interactions and play a crucial role in the formation of these interlocked structures. By taking advantage of the strong interaction between π-donor (D) and π-acceptor (A) groups, the electron-deficient methylviologen cation was introduced into a cationic metallarectangle based on bithiophenyl groups. Taking inspiration from these results, a cationic metallarectangle based on A units was threaded into a metallarectangle based on D units, leading to a heterogeneous D–A ring-in-ring structure.
Multiple market moralities: identifying distinct patterns in how consumers evaluate the fairness of price changes
Authors: McDonnell Erin Metz , Stoltz Dustin S , Taylor Marshall A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe default position in economic psychology is that consumers evaluate the fairness of firms' pricing strategies based on a widely shared schema of market morality, operationalized by analysing the average response within a respondent pool to a given price-change scenario. Conversely, drawing on economic and cultural sociology, we argue that there are multiple, distinctive schemas that pattern consumers’ moral evaluation of market pricing practices. We identify distinctive moral schemas by replicating and reanalysing scenarios from the foundational study of the fairness in pricing field (Kahneman et al., 1986) with a new online survey of American adults. Using correlational class analysis, we find respondents orient to one of four different configurations of moral judgement about price-change fairness: dual-entitlement principles, free-market proponents (and opponents), retail-labour domain specificity and procedural (un)fairness. This research gives analysts new tools for more precisely specifying variation in consumer moral sentiment and raises new questions about the causes, consequences and contours of multiple market moralities.
Mainstreaming Dissidence: Confronting Binary Gender in Social Work's Grand Challenges
Authors: Kroehle Kel , Shelton Jama , Clark Emilie , Seelman Kristie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo genuinely embody its commitment to anti-oppression, social work must call on a critical gender framework in its response to the Grand Challenges for Social Work. Such an approach demands that social workers move beyond reactivity to thoroughly interrogate the binary gender system upholding the gendered injustices this special issue calls us to confront. This includes a consideration of the ways a binary gender system is ideologically linked to and acts together with constructs of whiteness, nationhood, citizenship, and ability. The present article seeks to complicate the lens such that gender is not a proxy for White cisgender womanhood but rather a call to unravel webs of normative thinking. Guided by transfeminist theory, the authors examine three grand challenges—climate change, technology, and advancing long and productive lives—in an effort to detail the current and historical function of the binary gender system as a tool for the subjugation of trans and nonbinary people and to explore social work’s role in building freer and more equitable futures.
On the Effect of Asymmetrical Trait Inheritance on Models of Trait Evolution
Authors: Duchen Pablo , Alfaro Michael L , Rolland Jonathan , Salamin Nicolas , Silvestro Daniele 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCurrent phylogenetic comparative methods modeling quantitative trait evolution generally assume that, during speciation, phenotypes are inherited identically between the two daughter species. This, however, neglects the fact that species consist of a set of individuals, each bearing its own trait value. Indeed, because descendent populations after speciation are samples of a parent population, we can expect their mean phenotypes to randomly differ from one another potentially generating a “jump” of mean phenotypes due to asymmetrical trait inheritance at cladogenesis. Here, we aim to clarify the effect of asymmetrical trait inheritance at speciation on macroevolutionary analyses, focusing on model testing and parameter estimation using some of the most common models of quantitative trait evolution. We developed an individual-based simulation framework in which the evolution of phenotypes is determined by trait changes at the individual level accumulating across generations, and cladogenesis occurs then by separation of subsets of the individuals into new lineages. Through simulations, we assess the magnitude of phenotypic jumps at cladogenesis under different modes of trait inheritance at speciation. We show that even small jumps can strongly alter both the results of model selection and parameter estimations, potentially affecting the biological interpretation of the estimated mode of evolution of a trait. Our results call for caution when interpreting analyses of trait evolution, while highlighting the importance of testing a wide range of alternative models. In the light of our findings, we propose that future methodological advances in comparative methods should more explicitly model the intraspecific variability around species mean phenotypes and how it is inherited at speciation.
Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the ambulatory care setting
Authors: Hackett Adanna , Joseph Rose , Robinson Kevlin , Welsh Jeremy , Nicholas Joyce , Schmidt Eric 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a significant and prevalent disorder. ADHD can impair adults' quality of life, so clinicians in multiple specialties should be able to recognize and treat the disorder. Much of the current literature has focused on childhood ADHD. However, adult ADHD is a common comorbidity in patients with mental illness, and it is essential that patients diagnosed with the disorder are treated appropriately, which can significantly improve outcomes. Adults with untreated ADHD are more likely to have substance dependence, job instability, and an overall poorer quality of life. This article reviews the screening and assessment for adult ADHD along with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic recommendations for the management of the disorder.
Red flags of low back pain
Authors: DePalma Michael G. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Low back pain is a frequent complaint of patients seeking care at private offices, ambulatory clinics, and EDs. Key signs and symptoms can guide clinicians in differentiating acute and persistent mechanical low back pain from back pain resulting from a specific cause. Awareness of these findings can reduce the number of missed or incorrect diagnoses that lead to poor patient outcomes. The ability to recognize the red flag findings of serious causes of low back pain ensures prompt diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment. This article highlights the history and physical examination findings that will improve identification of red flags associated with emergency or serious causes.