bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION OF OLDER ADULTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: Beach Scott R , Czaja Sara J , Schulz Richard , Loewenstein David , Lichtenberg Peter 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents study design and preliminary results from a new study funded by the National Institute on Aging that is examining financial exploitation (FE) among 720 White, African-American and Hispanic adults age 60+ (240 per group; 120 age 60-79; 120 age 80+). A conceptual model linking socio-demographics, physical health, social support / integration, cognitive function, financial skills / supports, and psychosocial factors to FE is being evaluated. Three assessments (baseline, 12; 24 mos.) include: a detailed cognitive battery, web-based banking simulation tasks, scam scenarios, and a standardized battery of self-report measures assessing socio-demographic and psychosocial variables. Preliminary baseline results from ~200 participants show support for the proposed model. Exposure to sales, remote purchasing behavior, and telemarketer receptivity (scam exposure); and scam vulnerability as measured by credibility ratings of “legitimate” and “fake” scam scenarios are positively associated with reports of both stranger-initiated and trusted other FE. Older adults with smaller social networks and less social support were more likely to report both exposure and vulnerability to scams. Higher general cognitive abilities, financial skills, and numeracy; and better performance on online banking tasks correlate with less scam exposure and vulnerability. Preliminary analyses of psychosocial factors also show that more depressed, impulsive, and trusting older adults report more exposure and scam vulnerability. The paper will present updated analyses of ~500 baseline participants. Understanding multiple pathways to FE is important to advance theory and for the development of interventions to minimize risk.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON OLDER ADULTS' WELL-BEING
Authors: Boot Walter R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recent research had indicated clear links between social isolation and loneliness, and a host of negative consequences, including poor mental and physical health, cognitive decline, and even increased mortality risk. These consequences make clear that social isolation is a significant and urgent public health concern that requires attention and action. Increasingly, researchers have begun to explore the role technology can play in reducing social isolation and increasing social support. This symposium contains five talks that address this question directly, presenting a nuanced picture of the potential effects of technology on well-being among older adults. The first presentation will highlight the potential positive side of internet use on wellbeing using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study. The next talk explores how the internet can support older adults undergoing significant life transitions. Importantly, the link between internet use and well-being appears to be context-dependent, with internet use being associated with positive or negative effects depending on other contextual factors. This presentation is followed by another, finding that technology use can have varying effects depending on how and what the technology is used for. This is followed by a presentation that directly compares technology-based communication to in-person communication, and the different effects of each on well-being. The session concludes with a presentation on how novel robotic technology might provide emotional and social support. In answer to the question of whether technology can reduce social isolation and loneliness, and improve social support: It’s complicated.
INTERNET USE AND LONELINESS OF OLDER ADULTS OVER TIME: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF SOCIAL CONTACT
Authors: Yu Kexin , Yu Kexin , Wu Shinyi , Chi Iris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Internet is increasingly popular among older adults and have changed interpersonal interactions. However, it remains controversial whether older people are more or less lonely with internet use. This paper tests the longitudinal association of internet use and loneliness among older people. One pathway that explains the association, the mediation effect of social contact, was examined. Data from the 2006, 2010 and 2014 waves of Health and Retirement Study was used. Hierarchical liner modeling results showed internet use was related to decreased loneliness over 12-year period of time (b=-0.044, p&lt;.001). Internet use was associated with more social contact with family and friends overtime (b=0.261, p&lt;.001), social contact was related to less perceived loneliness longitudinally (b=0.097, p&lt;.001). The total effect of internet use on loneliness is -0.054 and the mediated effect is -0.025. The findings imply that online activities can be effective for reducing loneliness for older people through increased social contact.
THE ROLE OF GLOBAL SCHOLARSHIP IN THE JOURNAL OF AGING & SOCIAL POLICY
Authors: Miller Edward A , Gusmano Michael , Simpson Elizabeth , Nadash Pamela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Policymakers, practitioners, and researchers need a balanced, thoughtful, and analytical resource to meet the challenge of global aging at a rate that’s historically unprecedented. The Journal of Aging & Social Policy (JASP), which was founded in 1989, serves this role by drawing contributions from an international panel of policy analysts and scholars who assume an interdisciplinary perspective in examining and analyzing critical phenomena that affect aging and the development and implementation of programs for elders from a global perspective. Study settings extend beyond the United States to include Europe, the Middle East, Australia, Latin America, Asia, and the Asia-Pacific rim. This presentation will document the scope, content, and focus of JASP, including the rise of international submissions, which now account for approximately half of articles published. Opportunities for publishing in JASP will be discussed; so too will strategies for navigating the peer-review process successfully.
RESEARCH ON AGING: THE INTERNATIONAL VIEW FROM THE EDITORS' DESKS
Authors: Burr Jeffrey , Kim Kyungmin , Han Sae Hwang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We review the scope, content, and focus of the peer-reviewed journal, Research on Aging (SAGE), publishing its 41st volume this year. We will discuss how scholarship produced from researchers around the globe has changed over the years. Data on submissions, acceptance rates, and the important role of an international editorial board will be presented. The review process will be described, along with suggestions on how to increase chances of success when submitting original research. Although Research on Aging is sometimes considered to focus primarily on social gerontology, the scope in recent years has widened considerably, with manuscripts in aging studies published from such fields as economics, psychology, demography, public health, and public policy, as well as from sociology, and social work, among others. One of several special issues forthcoming in the journal will be described to demonstrate the possibilities for international impact.
THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED GERONTOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Robison Julie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The mission of applied gerontology is to bridge science and practice to benefit the health and well-being of older persons, their families, their communities, and other contexts. This presentation will provide insights from the Journal of Applied Gerontology and its attempts to publish and disseminate scholarship that has international application. Following an overview of the growing internationalization of peer-reviewed submissions to the Journal of Applied Gerontology on a variety of topics and from a range of perspectives, the presentation will highlight key achievements as well as ongoing concerns and opportunities to better achieve the goals of applying gerontological scholarship to aging contexts worldwide. Concluding comments will examine how outlets for dissemination and authors themselves can better position their work to enhance their influence on aging in an international context.
FINDINGS FROM THE ALZHEIMER’S POETRY PROJECT LONG-TERM CARE IMPLEMENTATION STUDY
Authors: Kaplan Daniel B , Glazner Gary 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dementia interventions grounded in group participation in the cultural arts (e.g., poetry, storytelling, music, and dance) have been growing in reach in recent decades. Yet this growth has been stymied by a lack of empirical evidence to demonstrate measurable outcomes. In the current IRB-approved research study, the Alzheimer’s Poetry Project (APP), in partnership with 15 Wisconsin nursing homes, provided staff training in an innovative non-pharmacological intervention for people living with dementia. The goal of APP is to facilitate creative self-expression, social and intellectual stimulation, respectful acceptance, validation of personhood, and valued inclusion of people living with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias through the performance and creation of poetry. APP’s proven track record at over 500 facilities in 34 states and six countries internationally, serving over 40,000 people worldwide, demonstrates APP’s ability to bring high-quality creative arts programming to people living with dementia. Through the implementation of APP in three groups of five nursing homes in Wisconsin, activities and care staff were trained to deliver the intervention over three-month periods. After training was completed, researchers evaluated and compared APP to non-arts programming in the same facilities. A novel dementia arts mapping technique was created to document observable impacts of interventions on social engagement, alertness, vocalization, vocabulary, affect, and self-expression. 35 interventions were documented, and variability in participant experiences reveal significantly greater impacts on personhood and creativity during the 11 APP interventions than during the 24 non-arts interventions. Implications for promoting dementia care programming grounded in group participatory arts will be discussed.
USING TECHNOLOGY TO FACILITATE SUPPORTIVE SERVICES FOR HOSPICE FAMILY CAREGIVERS: FINDINGS FROM THE PISCES TRIAL
Authors: Demiris George 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Family caregivers of hospice patients play an essential role in the delivery of care but have multiple needs during this often stressful time. Cost-effective interventions supporting caregivers are greatly needed. We conducted a four-year randomized clinical trial of a problem solving therapy intervention called PISCES to support hospice caregivers. We recruited 514 caregivers (75% female, mean age 60.3 years) who were randomly assigned to either a control group (usual care) or a face to face group (where the intervention was delivered in three in-person sessions) or a telehealth group (where the intervention was delivered using technology). While the intervention was effective in reducing caregiver anxiety and improving overall quality of life, the intervention was found more effective in the face-to-face group than the telehealth group. We discuss challenges with the technology use and recommendations for the design of future telehealth systems targeting older adults in the hospice setting.
DOG WALKING MEDIATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOG OWNERSHIP AND NEIGHBORHOOD SOCIAL INTERACTION
Authors: Potter Katie , Saddiki Hachem , Balzer Laura B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social interaction may be facilitated by dog ownership. We surveyed 421 pet owners about neighborhood social interactions. Dog owners also completed a dog walking questionnaire. Among adults aged 55+ (n=99; 62.2±5.6 years; 90% female), we tested our hypotheses that (1) dog owners were more likely to meet neighbors than non-dog owners, and (2) increased dog walking frequency was associated with increased neighborhood social interaction. Inverse probability weighting was used to control for differences in age and neighborhood type (rural, suburban/urban) between groups. The probability of meeting neighbors was 2.4x higher (95%CI: 1.5-3.9) for dog than cat owners, after controlling for age and neighborhood type. Among dog owners, the odds of meeting a neighbor were 1.7x higher (95%CI: 0.9-3.1) with each unit increase in dog walking frequency (unit=5walks/week). Our findings suggest that programming to support dog ownership and dog walking among older adults may help reduce social isolation.
PARTICIPATION IN AN INTERGENERATIONAL SERVICE-LEARNING COURSE AND IMPLICIT BIASES
Authors: Kogan Lori , Kogan Lori , Schoenfeld-Tacher Regina , Oxley James 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Biases against older adults and people with disabilities can lead to discriminatory behaviors. One way to better understand attitudes towards these populations is through the examination of implicit (unconscious) factors. This paper utilizes The Implicit Association Test, a computer-based categorization task designed to assess implicit or unconscious attitudes, to assess the impact of an intergenerational service-learning course created to support the human animal bond between vulnerable pet owners and their companion animals. This study, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, assessed the impact of college students’ interactions with older pet owners on these students’ implicit attitudes. Pre- and post-assessment of participating students found statistically significant decreased biases towards older people and people with disabilities after completing the course (p=.032). Results from this study suggest that participating in an intergenerational service-learning course centered around the human animal bond can positively affect implicit attitudes towards older adults or people with disabilities.
CHANGE IN UNMET NEEDS FOR DAILY MOBILITY AND SELF-CARE ACTIVITIES AND FUTURE HEALTH OUTCOMES
Authors: Sands Laura P , Savla Jyoti , Erraguntla Madhav , Lawley Mark 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Among community-living older adults, unmet needs for help with daily self-care or mobility activities is associated with poor health outcomes. Few studies have examined whether change in unmet needs influences future health outcomes. Using 2011 – 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study data, we studied 2,052 participants (3,654 pairs of observations) who had: (a) at least one limitation in mobility or self-care daily activities; (b) data from two or more adjacent years, and (c) retrospective data about falls and hospitalization ruing the year following the two adjacent years of data. We computed mixed effects models to assess health outcomes for four transitions (met-met, met-unmet, unmet-met, unmet-unmet). The models controlled for demographic characteristics, health conditions, change in daily activities limitations, and prior falls or hospitalization. We determined that those who changed from met to unmet needs for mobility limitations were significantly more likely to report hospitalization and falling in the following year than those with met needs in both years (OR=1.4; 95% CI=1.1 – 1.8; OR=1.4; 95% CI=1.1 – 1.0, respectively). Similar findings were found for those with self-care limitations. Respondents with unmet needs for mobility limitations in both years were significantly more likely to fall in the year after the interval (OR=1.4; 95% CI=1.0 – 1.9) than those who changed from unmet needs to met needs. The findings provide evidence that onset of unmet needs increases risk for future falls and hospitalization, and resolution of unmet needs decreases risk for falls in the subsequent year.
LIFESPAN CANNABIS USE PATTERNS IN OLDER USERS
Authors: Qualls Sara H , arora Kanika , Bobitt Julie , Kaskie Brian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The rapidly rising rates of cannabis use among older adults may reflect a rise in late-onset users, re-engagement after a period without use, or a continuous use pattern since young adulthood that is more visible after legalization of cannabis. Older (age 60+) cannabis users (n=82) provided retrospective ratings on their frequency of use across adulthood. Approximately 28% were not using cannabis when young adults, with a larger percentage (40%) reporting non-use while ages 31-49 and 37% reported non-use when ages 50-64. Approximately 21% of older users were first time users, with 60% low frequency and 35% daily/weekly users. High frequency users generally were high frequency users throughout adulthood, but the pattern varied substantially by gender and mode of consumption. Women were more likely first-time users than men, and more likely non-smokers. Among non-smokers, about 40% were first-time users. Implications are explored for research, policy, and clinical practice.
ASSESSING HEALTH-RELATED OUTCOMES OF MEDICAL CANNABIS USE AMONG OLDER PERSONS IN COLORADO AND ILLINOIS
Authors: Croker J Alton , Bobitt Julie , Arora Kanika , Kaskie Brian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of cannabis is increasing among older Americans. A growing body of evidence shows cannabis and cannabinoids effective for treating chronic pain, spasticity, nausea, and sleep disturbances. States seeking to respond to the treatment needs of specific patient populations have legalized the use of cannabis for medical purposes. Few instruments offer standard outcomes for understanding the use of medial cannabis from the patient perspective, particularly focusing on older persons. Using cross-sectional survey data from a sample of older persons in Colorado and Illinois, we validate two scales to consistently measure patient-reported health related outcomes of medical cannabis use. We confirmed the validity of two separate, reliable outcome scales: a three-factor scale for measuring global health outcomes and a single-factor scale for capturing adverse health events. The COPS questionnaire revealed strong construct validity and internal consistency, and a lack of meaningful factor variance.
CANNABIS USE BY CAREGIVERS OF PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Segal-Gidan Freddi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Thirty three states have legalized marijuana for medical or recreational use. This increased access to cannabis products has heightened interest in its use among family caregivers. Clinicians anecdotally report frequent questions from families about the use of these products, but lack sound information to provide an informed response. Some studies suggest cannabis could help to manage behavioral symptoms of dementia,. No studies to date have explored marijuana or cannabis product use by caregivers for themselves or for the person with dementia. Caregivers of persons with diagnosed dementia were invited to take part in a study that included completion of a survey and participation in a focus group that explored self care practices, including the use of marijuana and cannabidiol (CBD) products for themselves and the person with dementia. Results of the survey and trends from the focus groups will be presented, with a comparison between English and Spanish speaking individuals.
MARIJUANA USE AMONG OLDER ADULTS: HARMS MAY OUTWEIGH BENEFITS
Authors: Choi Namkee G , DiNitto Diana M , Arndt Stephan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The US Epidemiologic data show that past-year marijuana use rates among the 50+ age group rose more than 300% between 2002 and 2017. In 2017, 10.2% of those aged 50-64 years and 3.7% of those aged 65+ years were past-year users, and 15% of these users reported all or part of their use to have been for medical purposes. In this symposium, using findings from previous research and recent epidemiologic data, we will present both positive and adverse effects of late-life marijuana use. Marijuana may be useful for the treatment of pain (particularly neuropathic pain) and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, older marijuana users are often long-term users and significant proportions suffer from marijuana use disorder along with other substance (nicotine, alcohol, prescription and illicit drugs) use and/or mental disorders. Adverse effects also include dizziness, confusion, impairments in memory and attention, somnolence, and hallucinations, which may outweigh purported positive effects.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—FAMILY CAREGIVING: SUPPORTING FAMILY CAREGIVERS WITHIN SYSTEMS OF CARE DELIVERY
Authors: Wolff Jennifer L , Feinberg Lynn F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Family and other unpaid caregivers have a foundational role in supporting the health and well-being of older adults with complex health needs and disabilities and the demands imposed on them can be significant. The availability and adequacy of support provided by family and other unpaid caregivers has profound consequences for quality and outcomes of care delivery, but they are not well-supported in treatment decisions and care planning. Given population aging, the shift of long-term services and supports from nursing homes toward community settings, and technological advances that allow patients to be served in the community with higher acuity of care, there is a pressing need to develop systems-level processes to identify, engage, and support family caregivers in systems of care. This symposium will feature 5 presentations that provide novel insight regarding family caregivers’ experience within systems of care. We focus on family caregivers to older adults living in the community and receiving home and community-based services, primary care, or Medicare skilled home health services. Individual presentations will describe 1) differences in access to services and experiences of family caregivers by under-represented minority status; 2) a framework for health systems to include family caregivers as part of health care teams; 3) family caregivers’ capacity to help during the course of Medicare-funded skilled home health care; 4) perceived communication with health professionals, using a validated measure of family caregiver capacity; and 5) the feasibility of implementing a family caregiver screening instrument in primary care.
HOW MANY MOLECULAR MECHANISMS MUST BE ALTERED SIMULTANEOUSLY TO SLOW AGING AND EXTEND LIFESPAN?
Authors: Stroustrup Nicholas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Most anti-aging therapeutics are designed to target single molecules, single molecular mechanisms, or single cell types. Yet, to produce a substantial lifespan extension, these interventions would need to act promiscuously and delay the onset of many or all causes of death. In invertebrate models, several molecular-level interventions are known to act this way, yet their downstream action on multiple causes of death remains poorly understood. Recently, we identified a strong mathematical constraint in the way that many different interventions in aging alter all-cause mortality in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Interventions including suppression of IGF/insulin signaling, disruption of the hsf-1 heat shock factor and the hif-1 hypoxia-inducible factor, as well as changes in diet and body temperature, all produce a temporal scaling of lifespan. This temporal scaling suggests a common physiologic path through which diverse, evolutionary-conserved, molecular mechanisms can simultaneously influence all causes of death.