bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of high‐temperature requirement protein A2 protease activity induces mitonuclear imbalance via differential regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in sarcopenia
Authors: Zhou Haohan , Yuan Danni , Gao Weinan , Tian Jiayi , Sun Hongyu , Yu Shuang , Wang Jincheng , Sun Liankun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCellular homeostasis requires tight coordination between nucleus and mitochondria, organelles that each possesses their own genomes. Disrupted mitonuclear communication has been found to be implicated in many aging processes. However, little is known about mitonuclear signaling regulator in sarcopenia which is a major contributor to the risk of poor health‐related quality of life, disability, and premature death in older people. High‐temperature requirement protein A2 (HtrA2/Omi) is a mitochondrial protease and plays an important role in mitochondrial proteostasis. HtrA2mnd2(−/−) mice harboring protease‐deficient HtrA2/Omi Ser276Cys missense mutants exhibit premature aging phenotype. Additionally, HtrA2/Omi has been established as a signaling regulator in nervous system and tumors. We therefore asked whether HtrA2/Omi participates in mitonuclear signaling regulation in muscle degeneration. Using motor functional, histological, and molecular biological methods, we characterized the phenotype of HtrA2mnd2(−/−) muscle. Furthermore, we isolated the gastrocnemius muscle of HtrA2mnd2(−/−) mice and determined expression of genes in mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), mitohormesis, electron transport chain (ETC), and mitochondrial biogenesis. Here, we showed that HtrA2/Omi protease deficiency induced denervation‐independent skeletal muscle degeneration with sarcopenia phenotypes. Despite mitochondrial hypofunction, upregulation of UPRmt and mitohormesis‐related genes and elevated total reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were not observed in HtrA2mnd2(−/−) mice, contrary to previous assumptions that loss of protease activity of HtrA2/Omi would lead to mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of proteostasis disturbance and ROS burst. Instead, we showed that HtrA2/Omi protease deficiency results in different changes between the expression of nuclear DNA‐ and mitochondrial DNA‐encoded ETC subunits, which is in consistent with their transcription factors, nuclear respiratory factors 1 and 2, and coactivator peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α. These results reveal that loss of HtrA2/Omi protease activity induces mitonuclear imbalance via differential regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in sarcopenia. The novel mechanistic insights may be of importance in developing new therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia.
Predicting interest rates using shrinkage methods, real‐time diffusion indexes, and model combinations
Authors: Swanson Norman R. , Xiong Weiqi , Yang Xiye 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn the context of predicting the term structure of interest rates, we explore the marginal predictive content of real‐time macroeconomic diffusion indexes extracted from a “data rich” real‐time data set, when used in dynamic Nelson–Siegel (NS) models of the variety discussed in Svensson (NBER technical report, 1994; NSS) and Diebold and Li (Journal of Econometrics, 2006, 130, 337–364; DNS). Our diffusion indexes are constructed using principal component analysis with both targeted and untargeted predictors, with targeting done using the lasso and elastic net. Our findings can be summarized as follows. First, the marginal predictive content of real‐time diffusion indexes is significant for the preponderance of the individual models that we examine. The exception to this finding is the post “Great Recession” period. Second, forecast combinations that include only yield variables result in our most accurate predictions, for most sample periods and maturities. In this case, diffusion indexes do not have marginal predictive content for yields and do not seem to reflect unspanned risks. This points to the continuing usefulness of DNS and NSS models that are purely yield driven. Finally, we find that the use of fully revised macroeconomic data may have an important confounding effect upon results obtained when forecasting yields, as prior research has indicated that diffusion indexes are often useful for predicting yields when constructed using fully revised data, regardless of whether forecast combination is used, or not. Nevertheless, our findings also underscore the potential importance of using machine learning, data reduction, and shrinkage methods in contexts such as term structure modeling.
Tissue clearing‐based method for unobstructed three‐dimensional imaging of mouse penis with subcellular resolution
Authors: Matryba Paweł , Wolny Artur , Pawłowska Monika , Sosnowska Anna , Rydzyńska Zuzanna , Jasiński Marcin , Stefaniuk Marzena , Gołąb Jakub 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough mice are widely used to elucidate factors contributing to penile disorders and develop treatment options, quantification of tissue changes upon intervention is either limited to minuscule tissue volume (histology) or acquired with limited spatial resolution (MRI/CT). Thus, imaging method suitable for expeditious acquisition of the entire mouse penis with subcellular resolution is described that relies on both aqueous‐ (clear, unobstructed brain imaging cocktails and computational analysis) and solvent‐based (fluorescence‐preserving capability imaging of solvent‐cleared organs) tissue optical clearing (TOC). The combined TOC approach allows to image mouse penis innervation and vasculature with unprecedented detail and, for the first time, reveals the three‐dimensional structure of murine penis fibrocartilage.
Intermolecular interactions, vibrational spectra, and detonation performance of CL‐20/TNT cocrystal
Authors: Zhu Simin , Ji Jincheng , Zhu Weihua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report the structural properties, intermolecular interactions (Hirshfeld surface analysis and reduced density gradient [RDG] analysis), radial distribution function analysis, vibrational frequencies, and detonation performance for the pure ε‐CL‐20, TNT, and ε‐CL‐20/TNT cocrystal to understand how noncovalent interactions affect the impact sensitivity of the cocrystals. The results indicate that the simulated lattice parameters and densities of all the three crystals were consistent with the experiments. Major driving forces for the formation of the ε‐CL‐20/TNT cocrystal are OH and NO interactions, but the OO interactions may serve as a crucial stabilizing force. The calculated Raman spectra of the CL‐20/TNT cocrystal and the experimental result have the same trend. The Roman peaks of the cocrystal in the range 1,200–1,750 cm−1 may result from the coupling of the ε‐CL‐20 and TNT molecules. Similar crystal packing for TNT and CL‐20 leads to the high density for the cocrystal. The cocrystal displays low impact sensitivity because of the p–π interactions. Our work may offer useful information for cocrystallization technology and its practical applications in the field of energetic materials.
Aerobic degradation of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene: Effect of raw organic wastes and nitrogen fortification
Authors: Okozide Osekokhune E. , Adebusoye Sunday A. , Obayori Oluwafemi S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract2,4‐Dinitrotoluene (2,4‐DNT), a principal derivative generated in the synthesis of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene, is widely used as a waterproofer, plasticizer, and gelatinizer in propellants and explosives. This compound has been documented as a priority pollutant because of its toxicity. Therefore, its removal from contaminated systems is a major focus of research and environmental attention. The presence of 2,4‐DNT bacterial‐degrading strains that could utilize 2,4‐DNT as growth substrate in polluted sites in Ibadan, Nigeria, was determined using continual enrichment techniques on nitroaromatic mixtures. Proteus sp. strain OSES2 isolated in this study was characterized by phenotypic typing and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Growth of the strain on 2,4‐DNT resulted in an exponential increase in biomass and complete substrate utilization within 72 h, accompanied by NO3− elimination. Degradation competence was enhanced in the presence of corn steep liquor, molasses, and Tween 80 compared with incubation without amendment. Conversely, amendment with nitrogen sources yielded no significant improvement in degradation. Use of these organic wastes as candidates in a bioremediation strategy should be exploited. This would provide a less‐expensive organic source supplement for cleanup purposes, with the ultimate aim of reducing the cost of bioremediation while reducing wastes intended for landfill.
Reproducibility and reliability of computed tomography volumetry in estimation of the right‐lobe graft weight in adult‐to‐adult living donor liver transplantation: Cantlie’s line vs portal vein territorialization
Authors: Kwon Heon‐Ju , Kim Kyoung Won , Jang Jin Kyoo , Lee Jeongjin , Song Gi‐Won , Lee Sung‐Gyu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeIn living‐donor liver transplantation (LDLT), liver volume assessment is a mandatory step in determining donor appropriateness. This study aimed to compare reliability and reproducibility between two major methods to define virtual hepatectomy plane, based on Cantlie's line (CTV‐Cantlie) and portal vein territorialization (CTV‐PVT) for right‐lobe graft weight estimation in LDLT.MethodsA total of 188 donors who underwent preoperative CT scans were included. The liver was divided into right and left lobes using CTV‐Cantlie and CTV‐PTV measurements by two readers. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine interreader variability of hepatic weight measured using each CTV method. Intraoperative graft weight (IOW) was used as reference standard of right‐lobe graft weight. Pearson correlation test was performed to determine correlation coefficients between presumed graft weight by each CTV method and IOW.ResultsIntraclass correlation coefficients for total liver weight were roughly equivalent between the two CTV methods (CTV‐Cantlie: 0.965 [95% CI, 0.954‐0.974], CTV‐PVT: 0.977 [0.970‐0.983]). However, ICCs of right‐and left‐lobe weights between two readers were higher with CTV‐PVT (0.997 and 0.850) than with CTV‐Cantlie (0.829 and 0.668). The IOW was 716.0 ± 162.0 g. Correlation coefficients between presumed graft weight by CTV‐Cantlie or CTV‐PVT and IOW were 0.722 and 0.807, respectively (both P < .001).ConclusionsFor estimation of the right‐lobe graft weight in LDLT, CTV‐PVT may provide higher reliability and reproducibility than CTV‐Cantlie.
Linking stakeholder integration to sustainability performance in the hotel context
Authors: Shi Yu , Tsai Kuen‐Hung 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study proposes a process model to probe the linkage between stakeholder integration (SI), corporate sustainability practices (CSPs), and sustainability performance and examines supplier and customer demands' effects on the linkage between CSPs and financial performance (FP) via environmental (EP) and social performances (SP). Data from 225 hotels near World Cultural Heritage Sites in East China were utilized for hypothesis testing. Partial least squares structural equation modeling analyzes the data. Following results are revealed: (a) SI favors CSPs, and CSPs favor EP, but SP hinders FP; (b) EP and SP support FP; and (c) supplier demand positively moderates CSPs' effect on SP, whereas customer demand positively moderates EPs' effects on FP.
Olfactory and Gustatory Function in Patients With Different Types of Maxillofacial Trauma
Authors: Drareni Kenza , Hummel Thomas , Bensafi Moustafa , Serex Charles‐Arnaud , Hugentobler Marianne , Rimmer Joanne , Friedrich Hergen , Voruz François , Terzic Andrej , Landis Basile N. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate olfactory and gustatory function in patients with maxillofacial trauma and associated fractures.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsOlfactory and gustatory function was assessed psychophysically in 124 patients who had sustained maxillofacial trauma with an associated fracture. Five groups were defined based on the fracture type: Le Fort, mandibular, nasal, orbital, and zygomatic. Olfaction was measured with Sniffin' Sticks (threshold, discrimination, identification [TDI] score) and gustation with the taste spray method. Patients self‐rated olfactory and gustatory function on a visual analog scale prior to formal testing.ResultsTen out of 124 patients were found to be anosmic (8%), with half of them found in the Le Fort (skull base) group. The Le Fort fracture group had significantly lower olfactory function than other fracture types (TDI score = 22.4 ± 10.7; P = .01; possible range = 1–48). The mean gustatory spray test score was 3.82 ± 0.4 (possible range = 0–4) without any intergroup differences. Self‐rated olfactory function showed a correlation with the measured scores (r = 0.61, P < .001) across all groups.ConclusionsThe present data show a significant effect of maxillofacial fracture type on the development of anosmia. Maxillofacial fractures involving the skull base, such as Le Fort fractures, are more likely to cause permanent smell loss, whereas the other fracture types are rarely associated with anosmia.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E331–E337, 2021
The KLHL40 c.1516A>C is a Chinese‐specific founder mutation causing nemaline myopathy 8: Report of six patients with pre‐ and postnatal phenotypes
Authors: Yeung Kit San , Yu Florrie N. Y. , Fung Cheuk Wing , Wong Sheila , Lee Hencher H. C. , Fung Sharon T. H. , Fung Genevieve P. G. , Leung Kwok Yin , Chung Wai Hang , Lee Yun Ting , Ng Vivian K. S. , Yu Mullin H. C. , Fung Jasmine L. F. , Tsang Mandy H. Y. , Chan Kelvin Y. K. , Chan Sophelia H. S. , Kan Anita S. Y. , Chung Brian H. Y. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal recessive or compound heterozygous mutations in KLHL40 cause nemaline myopathy 8, which is one of the most severe forms of nemaline myopathy. The KLHL40 c.1516A>C variant has recently been reported as a founder mutation in southern Chinese.MethodsWe report six cases of nemaline myopathy 8 which involves the c.1516A>C variant, from five unrelated families of non‐consanguineous southern Chinese. The pre‐ and postnatal phenotypes of these cases were reviewed with emphasis on prenatal clinical features. Genetic testing for the founder mutation was performed on three patients with homozygous mutations.ResultsCommon prenatal features included reduced fetal movement, polyhydramnios, breech presentation, and clubfeet. Two pregnancies were terminated. Four live‐born patients had postnatal features typical of nemaline myopathy 8. The length of survival ranged from 49 days to 17 months, with respiratory failure and infections being the principal causes of death. Haplotype analysis in three patients with homozygous mutation showed a shared haplotype block of 1.1727 cM spanning over the c.1516A>C variant, suggesting it is a southern Chinese‐specific founder mutation.ConclusionAnalysis of the KLHL40 c.1516A>C variant should be considered in prenatal diagnosis of Chinese pregnant patients with suspected congenital neuromuscular disorders or with significant family history of congenital myopathies.
Thigh Adipocyte Size is Inversely Related to Energy Intake and Respiratory Quotient in Healthy Women
Authors: Basolo Alessio , Shah Mujtaba H. , Parthasarathy Varsha , Parrington Shannon , Walter Mary , Votruba Susanne B. , Krakoff Jonathan , Piaggi Paolo , Chang Douglas C. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe relationship between adipocyte size and ad libitum energy intake has not been previously examined. This study hypothesized an inverse relationship between adipocyte size and daily energy intake (DEI).MethodsSeventy healthy adults (39 men and 31 women; BMI 30.0  [SD 6.3]) underwent dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry and subcutaneous fat biopsies from the abdomen and thigh. Osmium‐fixed adipocytes were sized with a Coulter counter. Volunteers self‐selected food from a vending machine paradigm as the only source of energy intake over 3 days as inpatients. Volunteers also had 24‐hour respiratory quotient (RQ) measured in a whole‐room indirect calorimeter.ResultsIn women, the large cell peak diameter of the thigh depot was greater than that of the abdominal depot (Δ = +15.8 μm; P < 0.0001). In women, thigh peak diameter was inversely associated with DEI (β = −264.7 kcal/d per 10‐μm difference; P = 0.03) after adjusting for demographics and body composition. The thigh peak diameter in women was associated with 24‐hour RQ (r = −0.47, P = 0.04) after adjusting for demographics, body composition, and 24‐hour energy balance. These associations did not extend to men or the abdominal depot.ConclusionsIn women, thigh adipocyte size was associated with reduced DEI and 24‐hour RQ, indicating a special role for thigh fat in women. This depot‐specific sexual dimorphism indicates common regulation of energy intake and adipocyte size in the thigh region of women.
Controllable orientations for Sb2S3 solar cells by vertical VTD method
Authors: Zhang Huan , Yuan Shengjie , Deng Hui , Ishaq Muhammad , Yang Xiaokun , Hou Tengxuan , Shah Usman Ali , Song Haisheng , Tang Jiang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAntimony sulfide (Sb2S3) is a promising photoelectric material because of its wide bandgap approximately 1.7 eV for next‐generation solar cells, high optical absorption coefficient, and its green and earth‐abundant constituents. Different to traditional cubic structure photovoltaic materials, Sb2S3 holds one‐dimensional crystal structure and its thin film with [hk1] preferred orientation shows one‐order‐higher carrier transport mobility. However, all the reported Sb2S3 films exhibited [hk0] preferred orientation on CdS‐based superstrate device structure up to now. Thus, it is indispensable to study the controllable‐orientations Sb2S3 film deposition and the relationship between the orientation and performances. In this paper, we develop a vertical vapor transport deposition (V‐VTD) method, which can tune the preferred orientation of Sb2S3 thin film from [hk0] to [hk1] by reaction recipe monitoring. Combining the experiment results, a reasonable deposition/reevaporation competing model is suggested to explain above orientation conversion mechanism. The device efficiency increases from less than 2% to about 4% with the orientation of Sb2S3 film changing from [hk0] to [hk1]. By fine regulating the technique of deposition, the device with [hk1] orientation has better crystallinity, lower interface recombination, and higher built‐in voltage comparing with the [hk0] one. Finally, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.5% has been achieved, and the VOC of 730 mV is the top value among the Sb2S3 solar cells. The present versatile orientation tuning strategy could overcome the bottleneck of strong anisotropic materials and show high potential for noncubic material deposition and related optoelectronic device performance enhancement.
The effects of microgravity on differentiation and cell growth in stem cells and cancer stem cells
Authors: Grimm Daniela , Wehland Markus , Corydon Thomas J. , Richter Peter , Prasad Binod , Bauer Johann , Egli Marcel , Kopp Sascha , Lebert Michael , Krüger Marcus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A spaceflight has enormous influence on the health of space voyagers due to the combined effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation. Known effects of microgravity (μg) on cells are changes in differentiation and growth. Considering the commercialization of spaceflight, future space exploration, and long-term manned flights, research focusing on differentiation and growth of stem cells and cancer cells exposed to real (r-) and simulated (s-) μg is of high interest for regenerative medicine and cancer research. In this review, we focus on platforms to study r- and s-μg as well as the impact of μg on cancer stem cells in the field of gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, and osteosarcoma. Moreover, we review the current knowledge of different types of stem cells exposed to μg conditions with regard to differentiation and engineering of cartilage, bone, vasculature, heart, skin, and liver constructs.

Significance statement Microgravity provides a unique environment for cell culture and has been shown to induce cellular changes and processes that could not be achieved under normal gravitational conditions. Over the past years, it has therefore gained increasing importance in different research fields such as cancer research, where microgravity may help understanding and suppressing tumor metastasis, or tissue engineering, where it induces the scaffold-free formation of three-dimensional multicellular spheroids. This review will give a concise overview of the current knowledge on the effects of microgravity on stem cells and cancer stem cells, and will highlight novel therapeutic options derived from it.
Multituberculate mammals from the Middle Jurassic of Western Siberia, Russia, and the origin of Multituberculata
Authors: Averianov Alexander O. , Martin Thomas , Lopatin Alexey V. , Schultz Julia A. , Schellhorn Rico , Krasnolutskii Sergei , Skutschas Pavel , Ivantsov Stepan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTashtykia primaeva gen. et sp. nov. and Tagaria antiqua gen. et sp. nov. (Multituberculata incertae sedis) are described based on isolated teeth from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Itat Formation from the Berezovsk coal mine in Krasnoyarsk Territory, Western Siberia, Russia. Tashtykia primaeva gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by a P5 with three rows of cusps (cusp formula 2B:4M:6L) and a high sectorial p4 with two triangular lobes, five serrations associated with labial and lingual ridges, and a unique distal cusp. Tagaria antiqua gen. et sp. nov. differs from all other multituberculates by a very long P5 with flat crown and many cusps arranged in three rows (4B:6M:7L). Morphologically the teeth of Kermackodon and Megaconus are transitional between Euharamiyida and Middle Jurassic Multituberculata. Kermackodon shares several characteristics with Euharamiyida, such as pointed cusps on the molars connected by longitudinal ridges, a distolabial cusp on the M2 that is higher than the other cusps, and a single large sectorial premolar (p4) with a distal basin. The euharamiyidan characters of Megaconus are an ultimate upper premolar with a shorter lingual side, a p4 with a distal basin, and one cusp on the molars being larger than the other cusps. In addition, Megaconus shares an ultimate upper premolar with three rows of cusps, horizontal wear on the molars, and pyramidal cusps on the molars separated by transverse grooves with multituberculates. The multituberculate characters of Kermackodon include horizontal rather than basined wear on the surface of the molars and serrations on the p4.
Load mitigation and power tracking capability for wind turbines using linear matrix inequality‐based control design
Authors: Pöschke Florian , Gauterin Eckhard , Kühn Martin , Fortmann Jens , Schulte Horst 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article deals with nonlinear model‐based control design for wind turbines. By systematically integrating several mechanical degrees of freedom in the control design model, the load mitigation potential from the proposed multivariable control framework is demonstrated. The application of the linear matrix inequality (LMI)‐based control design is discussed in detail. Apart from the commonly considered power production mode, an extended operating range to provide stabilization of the electrical grid through power tracking is considered. This control functionality allows for an evaluation of the resulting fatigue and ultimate loads for power tracking at different dynamic requirements. The results indicate that under the impact of a dedicated control scheme, this functionality is feasible with respect to the occurring loads and operational behavior of the wind turbine.