bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of the Use of Facial Nerve Monitoring in Otorhinolaryngological Surgeries
Authors: Mohamed N E , Rabie N A , ElSharnouby M M K , Mikahail P M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The anatomy of the facial nerve is among the most complex of the cranial nerves. Facial nerve is not just a pure voluntary motor nerve but comprises parasympathetic, general sensory, and special sensory components as well. Facial nerve monitoring is one of the most exciting innovations in neurotologic surgery in the past decade.

Objective
To determine the effect of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring on postoperative facial nerve function and on operative time.

Patients and Methods
In general terms, FNM means electrophysiological monitoring. This technique provides for monitoring of facial muscle activity via electromyography (EMG).The EMG is typically recorded with needle electrodes placed in facial nerve muscles. Voluntary activation of the facial nerve in the alert patient as well as intraoperative electrical stimulation or mechanical irritation during surgery generates motor evoked potentials. In this meta-analysis, the included studies are ten in number with total 593 patient (control= 311, IOFNM = 282)

Results
Comparison of facial nerve monitoring vs. no monitoring as regards incidence of facial nerve dysfunction shows there is no evidence of heterogeneity and statistically significant (p-value &lt;0.01) which indicate that the incidence of FN dysfunction in the monitoring group is lower than the dysfunction in the no monitoring group. Comparison of facial nerve motoring vs. no monitoring as regards operative time shows there is no evidence of heterogeneity. Under the random effect model, the standardized mean difference (SMD) is -0.62 which is statistically significant (p-value &lt;0.01) favoring facial nerve motoring over no monitoring. Which indicate that the mean surgery time was lower in the group of patients operated with facial monitoring as compared with the unmonitored group.

Conclusion
So, our meta-analysis shows statistically significant results which favor facial nerve monitoring over no monitoring as regards decreasing the operative time and improving of postoperative facial nerve dysfunction.
Predictive Factors For Nutritional Behavior Among Pregnant Women Attending Ante Natal Care Clinic In 6th Of October City
Authors: Nasrallah D A , Ez-elarab H S , Allam M F , Sultan E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Good maternal nutrition during pregnancy is important to ensure health for the mother and the fetus. This study aimed to establish optimal health of Egyptian mothers and their babies through proper nutrition, by assessing nutritional knowledge and behavior among a group of Egyptian pregnant women in addition to identifying the factors influencing their nutritional knowledge and behavior.

Methods
This descriptive cross sectional study included 300 pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinics in 6th of October University private hospital and EL-Hussary primary health care unit. The data was collected through a modified nutritional survey that was translated from Spanish to Arabic and revised by language experts for clarity.

Results
Almost all of the women attending the private hospital were university educated while about half of the women attending the PHC unit were graduated from technical education (skills diploma). In general, the level of knowledge about food requirements of both groups was satisfactory good; however, neither of them fulfilled the WHO recommendations of food intake during pregnancy or the optimum number of meals per day. The mean of random blood glucose was higher among the women attending the PHC unit; the BMI, mid arm circumference and subcutaneous fat were higher among the same group as well. In regard to fulfilling the WHO recommended servings per day, only starch and fat items were fulfilled by both groups, whereas the other three items (vegetables, fruits and dairy products) were merely included in the diets of both groups.

Conclusion
Women with higher education showed an active lifestyle with a lower BMI but showed no relation to the choice of a good and healthy diet. These findings could give an insight to the policy makers in order to update nutritional care programs for pregnant women addressing all aspects of sociodemographic differences among women.
Rapid stain biomarker: A novel tool for forensic detection of semen (effect of time, different fabrics and vaginal secretions on its reliability)
Authors: Abdelrahman A A , Mahmoud S A , Attia E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The identification of semen stain is one of the most common human stains that can provide crucial information for crime scene reconstruction and forensic investigation. In sexual assault cases semen identification helps to prove victim’s allegations it also provides a material for DNA analysis that generate the genetic profile of the alleged suspect. The rapid Stain Identification of Human Semen (RSIDTM-Semen) bioassay is designed to detect specifically the presence of human semenogelin. Test development is completed within 10 minutes and can detect as little as 2.5 nL of human semen and it does not cross-react with other human or nonhuman tissues. The detection protocol can be completely integrated into the procedures for DNA extraction and analysis.

Aim
To assess the efficacy of RSIDTM – Semen strip test for the detection of human semen under some different variables (different fabrics, different time intervals and mixed with vaginal secretions) in order to be used in the routine forensic work of sexual assault cases and for further personal identification.
Methodology: Semen samples were collected from four male participants. Vaginal specimens were collected from four female participants on cotton, linen or nylon-tipped swabs (2 swabs from each female). Each semen sample was divided into two portions; one used for semen only test group and the other mixed with vaginal secretions for the mixed test group. One of the fabrics tipped vaginal swab was mixed with semen for the mixed test group and the other used as a positive control group to test the sensitivity and specificity of the RSIDTM – Semen strip. The semen samples were deposited over different fabrics at the same time. All the samples were left to dry for 15 minutes at room temperature then extracted and analyzed according to the protocol designed for The Rapid Stain Identification Test (RSIDTM – Semen). The collected samples were studied as two test groups and one control group. Each of the previous groups, was categorized into 4 subgroups (a, b, c and d) according to the time interval of semen extraction (zero (on the spot), 2, 4, 6 and 10 days respectively).

Results
Semen could be identified in 100% of tested samples of the semen only group as well as of the combined semen and vagina group over cotton and linen fabrics at all the different tested time intervals. However, semen extracted from nylon fabric was identified in tested samples of the semen only group and of the combined semen and vagina group only at zero time only and couldn’t be identified at the rest of tested time intervals.

Conclusion
the current study evidenced that the new RSIDTM-semen kit is a reliable method for semen identification over different types of fabrics even in the presence of vaginal secretions. It also resists environmental factors up to 10 days.
Assessment of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion as an Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning: A randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Elgazzar F M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In Egypt, Aluminium phosphide (ALP) poisoning is a major cause of suicidal deaths. Nevertheless, no efficient antidote has been found so far. Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been successfully used in resuscitation of two ALP-poisoned patients.

Aim
was to evaluate efficacy and safety of ILE as an adjuvant therapy of acute ALP poisoning.

Methods
ALP-poisoned patients were recruited from Tanta University Poison Control center. Eligible patients were randomly allocated into experimental and control groups (25 patients each). Patients in the experimental group have received ILE 20% at a rate of 10ml/h continuous IV infusion, in addition to the standard treatment. Whereas, the control group have only administered the standard treatment.

Results
The mortality rate in the experimental group was non-significantly lower than the control group (56% versus 76% respectively). The need for intubation and mechanical ventilation was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group (36% versus 92% respectively). Moreover, the median length of hospital stay was significantly lower in survivors of the experimental group.

Conclusion
Adjuvant ILE use along with the supportive treatment could have a therapeutic effect in ALP poisoned patients. Additionally, it was an overall safe therapy.
Recent Advances in Management of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Authors: Tawfik H M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Compounds containing phosphide used as rodenticide are among most fatal poisonings encountered in Poisoning Control Center, Ain Shams University Hospitals (PCCA) Cairo, Egypt. Its toxicity is associated with challenging oxidative damaging effects that involve all tissue cells. Patients develop severe hypotension and metabolic acidosis. No available data about specific antidotes for these compounds, however we assume that antioxidants may play a beneficial role in improving intoxicated patient outcome. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is supposed to have a protective role.

Objective
To evaluate the role of antioxidant N- acetyl cysteine in improving outcome of phosphide intoxicated patients.

Methods
The study is double blind randomized clinical trial, carried on patients presented to PCCA over 3 years period (2015-2017) with sever zinc and aluminum phosphide intoxication. They are randomly classified to NAC treated group (receiving conventional treatment plus NAC intravenous (IV) infusion in a dose of 300mg/kg over 20hours then 150mg/kgm/day until improvement) and placebo group (receiving conventional treatment plus saline IV infusion). Clinical data such as(age, sex, mode of poisoning and vital data), blood PH, liver function test, ECG, usage of mechanical ventilation, mortality and period of stay were recorded and compared for each group.

Results
statistical analysis revealed significant decrease in mortality and mechanical ventilation in patients with the group of NAC administer. However no significant difference was observed regarding period of stay.

Conclusion
The study concluded that NAC may have good role in decreasing mortality and incidence of mechanical ventilation in phosphide poisoning patients.
The potential role of palatal rugae pattern in sex determination among an adult Egyptian population sample
Authors: Elrewieny N M , Ismail M M , Zaghloul H S , Ali M M , Abielhassan M H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Sex determination is the first step in personal identification in the forensic field.

Participants and Methods
The study sample included 200 participants of equal number of both sexes in the age group between 20 and 30 years. They were collected from the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University after taking their informed consent. Maxillary arch impression was taken, with an alginate impression material using a stainless steel impression tray, for subsequent palatal rugae study.

Results
The mean number of primary palatal rugae was more than the secondary rugae, the wavy rugae were the most predominant type followed by the straight rugae. There was a highly statistically significant difference between males and females with a higher male values regarding the total palatal rugae number, wavy rugae number and primary rugae number while, there was a highly statistically significant difference with higher female values regarding the straight rugae numbers. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between age and primary palatal rugae number. An Egyptian equation was constructed using discriminant function analysis to determine the sex of an unidentified person.

Conclusion
Palatal rugae pattern study is a useful science for sex determination in the forensic field.
A Prospective Study of the Inferio-Medial pedicle technique As an Oncoplastic Procedure for Upper and lateral Quadrants Breast Masses; Oncological Safety and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Elatrash O A , Osman A G , Almahmoudy N F , Ahmed A T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
the goal of modern breast surgery is to cure patients with preservation of breast tissue as much as possible with satisfactory physical and psychological outcome. This goal has led to introduction of a new scope of surgery into our clinical practice called oncoplastic breast surgery, with the advantage of combining oncological safety and satisfactory cosmetic outcome.

Objective
it was to focus on the infero-medial pedicle technique as an oncoplastic procedure for management of breast cancer and to assess the technique clinically regarding oncological safety, surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Patients and Methods
a prospective analytical study included 15 patients, which was conducted at Ain-Shams University Hospitals. An approval of the Ethical Committee and written informed consent from all participants were obtained. Septum based infero-medial pedicle technique was proposed for patients in whom oncoplastic surgery were possible on oncologic grounds for upper outer quadrant of breast.

Results
the mean age of our study was 39 years, 50% of the cases fall between 38 to 57 years. In our study only 3 cases (33%) have had complications, 2 cases got wound infection; they were diabetics reflecting the immune compromisation with diabetes mellitus. We reported lower results of surgical site infection (15%). The operative duration of our study was long at first (240 minutes) but with progression of our study and as we build up more experience the operating time was reduced to (120 minutes).

Conclusion
the choice of the oncoplastic technique is mainly based upon the location of the tumor, size of the breast and distance of the tumor from the nipple areola complex.
Predictive Factors for Remission of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 after Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Youssef A H A , Elmaleh H M , Khalil M M H , Qamry E A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
obesity and its associated type II diabetes mellitus (Type II DM) are an ongoing health-care problem worldwide. Both diseases are closely related and difficult to control by current medical treatment, including diet, drug therapy and behavioral modification. There is strong evidence that bariatric surgery can cure type II diabetes mellitus in patients with obesity.

Aim of the Work
to determine different predictive factors affecting the outcome of type II diabetes mellitus after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Patients and Methods
this prospective study included 40 obese diabetic patients with type II DM who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. DM type II was diagnosed according to ADA criteria: FPG &gt; 126 mg/dl, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl, or use of insulin or oral diabetes medication. Glycemic marker in the form of HbA1c and fasting blood sugar were measured just prior to surgery and at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively.

Results
a total of 40 patients (70% women) with T2DM were included in the study. Mean age at the time of surgery was 42.48 ± 10.95 years. Median Inter Quartile Ratio (IQR) of diabetes age (diabetes age was calculated from the diagnose date to the operation date) was 4 years (from 3 years to 6 years) with range of 1-20 years. Remission of T2DM was achieved in 42.5% of patients underwent SG.

Conclusion
This study showed that younger patients, with shorter diabetic age, not using insulin and optimum pre-operative glycemic control(normal fasting blood sugar and HbA1c) were the best candidates to achieve remission (HbA1c &lt;6.5% and no need for antidiabetics) after SG.
Role of Laparscopy in appendectomy versus open Technique: Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Mohamed A M A , Maaty S A , Abbass A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

The appendix is a small, worm-like, tubular appendage attached to the cecum of the colon. Appendicitis occurs when the appendix becomes blocked, and bacteria invade and infect the wall of the appendix Appendectomy is one of the commonly performed procedures in General surgery. The incidence rate of appendicitis is about 7%.

Aim of the Study
He aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic and conventional “open” appendectomy in the treatment of acute appendicitis.

Patients
This study was conducted in El Demerdash Hospital; Ain shams University, from September 2017 to March 2018. The study was conducted on 80 patients with suspected appendicitis.

Tools
The patient was placed in the supine position and underwent general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. While the patient was anesthetized and the abdominal musculature relaxed, the patient’s abdomen was carefully examined for appendicular mass. The skin incision on McBurney’s point was carried through the subcutaneous tissue until the external oblique fascia was exposed.

Results
This study was conducted on 80 patients with suspected appendicitis randomly allocated (by alternation) into two groups 40 patients each: Group (A): the patients underwent open appendectomy by gridiron incision at McBurney’s point. Group (B): the patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. Patient’s characteristics: The patient’s ages ranged from 14→ 45 years with median age 27 years in Group A and 27.5 years in Group B and mean age 28 years in Group A and 27.85 years in Group B as shown in table (2).

Conclusion
The laparoscopic approach is a safe and efficient operative procedure in appendectomy and it provides clinically beneficial advantages over open method including shorter hospital stay, decreased need for postoperative analgesia, early food tolerance, earlier return to normal daily activities, lower rate of wound infection.
Fasting Insulin Level Changes after Large Volume Liposuction
Authors: Habib H , Abdalazeem S , Abdalazeem N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Obesity is a disabling disease which has gained greater attention worldwide. It significantly increases the risk for other diseases such as insulin independent diabetes mellitus also known as diabetes type 2. The most common surgical procedure for obesity is liposuction. It is traditionally performed either as small-volume liposuction or large-volume liposuction.

Aim of the Work
to spot the light on the effect of large volume liposuction on fasting insulin level changes after 3 months postoperative and to find if LVL may obtain any improvement in metabolic variables. This study will provide the clinician with a more valid basis on which to advise patients undergoing body-contouring procedures, particularly to ensure realistic expectations regarding the effects of body-reshaping procedures on general health.

Patients and Mehtods
This is prospective study was conducted on a total of 15 overweight and obese (BMI 26–35 kg/m2) premenopausal women (age 21–40years). All subjects were at their maximum body weight and weight stable for at least 3 months. The study took place at Ain Shams University Hospitals and other authorized hospitals under supervision of thesis supervisors studying fasting insulin changes after 3 months following large volume liposuction.

Results
The present study demonstrates that large-volume abdominal liposuction should, by itself, be considered a clinical therapy for obesity and its metabolic sequelae. Aspiration of large amounts of subcutaneous abdominal fat in women with abdominal obesity, besides having cosmetic benefits, does significantly improve fasting insulin levels. Therefore, the procedure is safe and could successfully help obese subjects to reduce their potential metabolic risks.

Conclusion
The analysis of the study suggests that plastic surgery could play a role in metabolism. The surgical removal of fat is not detrimental with regard to variation of metabolic indices.
Effect of Single Anastomosis Duodeno-ileal Bypass (SADI) on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Youssuf A H A , Elabbassy I H , Elfouly M G , Abdelgawad M T G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Among the competition between the various surgical school, each to prove the superiority of its surgical method to treat obesity & metabolic syndromes, here comes our meta-analysis to search through & collect the various trials to avoid bias concerning the effect of single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrostomy on the rapidly growing type 2 diabetes mellitus population.

Objective
To assess the effect of single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI) on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and the magnitude of their metabolic benefit from undergoing surgery, to help both surgeons and patients make their decisions through giving them a realistic and neutral clearer picture of the expected postoperative outcome.

Patients and Methods
10 papers included, our total number of assessed diabetic patients in this meta-analysis reached approximately 257 patients (excluding one study which did not specify the number of its diabetic participants).

Results
Concerning the need for post-operative medication (whether insulin or oral hypoglycemic: In 5 studies there was no more need for medication post-operatively and in the other five the overall remission rate exceeded 90%. Concerning C-peptide results: C-peptide was mentioned as a quantitative post-operative result in only 3 studies. Fortunately it was within normal ranges post-operatively in the 3 studies. However the other studies pointed to it indirectly when mentioning their complete remission rates. Concerning HbA1c: 7 studies revealed the outcome of their patients’ Hba1c postoperatively and it reached the normal in all. In fact; neither fasting nor post-prandial blood sugar data were provided by any of the studies.

Conclusion
Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass proved to be very convenient and competitive surgical option for the treatment of resistant diabetes mellitus cases associated with mild to severe obesity.