bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A service‐oriented method for domain and business process modelling
Authors: Reggio Gianna , Leotta Maurizio , Ricca Filippo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present Precise SOM (Precise Service Oriented Modelling) —a novel lightweight method for integrated domain and business process modelling—which follows the service‐oriented paradigm, uses a UML profile as notation and provides detailed workflows to guide the production of the models. In our method, the UML models are precisely defined by means of a metamodel and of a set of constraints, and by restricting UML to the essential language constructs, to help modellers to avoid common mistakes and to guarantee, by construction, a good quality. Precise SOM has been validated by detailing how it can be used in various modelling tasks, some of them illustrated by a (industrial) case study.
CCCDTD5: research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Gauthier Serge , Chertkow Howard , Theriault Joseph , Chayer Céline , Ménard Marie‐Chantal , Lacombe Guy , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe CCCDTD5 reviewed the research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease proposed in the NIA‐AA Research Framework and supports their use in research but not in clinical practice
Supersymmetry, Ricci flat manifolds and the String Landscape
Authors: Acharya B. S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA longstanding question in superstring/Mtheory is does it predict supersymmetry below the string scale? We formulate and discuss a necessary condition for this to be true; this is the mathematical conjecture that all stable, compact Ricci flat manifolds have special holonomy in dimensions below eleven. Almost equivalent is the proposal that the landscape of all geometric, stable, string/Mtheory compactifications to Minkowski spacetime (at leading order) are supersymmetric. For simply connected manifolds, we collect together a number of physically relevant mathematical results, emphasising some key outstanding problems and perhaps less well known results. For non-simply connected, non-supersymmetric Ricci flat manifolds we demonstrate that many cases suffer from generalised Witten bubble of nothing instabilities.
Random Walk on the Simple Symmetric Exclusion Process
Authors: Hilário Marcelo R. , Kious Daniel , Teixeira Augusto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigate the long-term behavior of a random walker evolving on top of the simple symmetric exclusion process (SSEP) at equilibrium, in dimension one. At each jump, the random walker is subject to a drift that depends on whether it is sitting on top of a particle or a hole, so that its asymptotic behavior is expected to depend on the density$$\rho \in [0, 1]$$ρ∈[0,1]of the underlying SSEP. Our first result is a law of large numbers (LLN) for the random walker for all densities$$\rho $$ρexcept for at most two values$$\rho _-, \rho _+ \in [0, 1]$$ρ-,ρ+∈[0,1]. The asymptotic speed we obtain in our LLN is a monotone function of$$\rho $$ρ. Also,$$\rho _-$$ρ-and$$\rho _+$$ρ+are characterized as the two points at which the speed may jump to (or from) zero. Furthermore, for all the values of densities where the random walk experiences a non-zero speed, we can prove that it satisfies a functional central limit theorem (CLT). For the special case in which the density is 1/2 and the jump distribution on an empty site and on an occupied site are symmetric to each other, we prove a LLN with zero limiting speed. We also prove similar LLN and CLT results for a different environment, given by a family of independent simple symmetric random walks in equilibrium.
Anosov flows, growth rates on covers and group extensions of subshifts
Authors: Dougall Rhiannon , Sharp Richard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study growth properties of group extensions of hyperbolic dynamical systems, where we do not assume that the extension satisfies the symmetry conditions seen, for example, in the work of Stadlbauer on symmetric group extensions and of the authors on geodesic flows. Our main application is to growth rates of periodic orbits for covers of an Anosov flow: we reduce the problem of counting periodic orbits in an amenable cover X to counting in a maximal abelian subcover $$X^{\mathrm {ab}}$$

X
ab

. In this way, we obtain an equivalence for the Gurevič entropy: $$h(X)=h(X^{\mathrm {ab}})$$

h

(
X
)

=
h

(

X
ab

)

if and only if the covering group is amenable. In addition, when we project the periodic orbits for amenable covers X to the compact factor M, they equidistribute with respect to a natural equilibrium measure — in the case of the geodesic flow, the measure of maximal entropy.
How accurate is circular dichroism-based model validation?
Authors: Nagy Gabor , Grubmüller Helmut 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCircular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is highly sensitive to the secondary structure (SS) composition of proteins. Several methods exist to either estimate the SS composition of a protein or to validate existing structural models using its CD spectrum. The accuracy and precision of these methods depend on the quality of both the measured CD spectrum and the used reference structure. Using a large reference protein set with high-quality CD spectra and synthetic data derived from this set, we quantified deviations from both ideal spectra and reference structures due to experimental limitations. We also determined the impact of these deviations on SS estimation, CD prediction, and SS validation methods of the SESCA analysis package. With regard to the CD spectra, our results suggest intensity scaling errors and non-SS contributions as the main causes of inaccuracies. These factors also can lead to overestimated model errors during validation. The errors of the used reference structures combine non-additively with errors caused by the CD spectrum, which increases the uncertainty of model validation. We have further shown that the effects of scaling errors in the CD spectrum can be nearly eliminated by appropriate re-scaling, and that the accuracy of model validation methods can be improved by accounting for typical non-SS contributions. These improvements have now been implemented within the SESCA package and are available at: https://www.mpibpc.mpg.de/sesca.
Microbial single-cell omics: the crux of the matter
Authors: Kaster Anne-Kristin , Sobol Morgan S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Single-cell genomics and transcriptomics can provide reliable context for assembled genome fragments and gene expression activity on the level of individual prokaryotic genomes. These methods are rapidly emerging as an essential complement to cultivation-based, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and microbial community-focused research approaches by allowing direct access to information from individual microorganisms, even from deep-branching phylogenetic groups that currently lack cultured representatives. Their integration and binning with environmental ‘omics data already provides unprecedented insights into microbial diversity and metabolic potential, enabling us to provide information on individual organisms and the structure and dynamics of natural microbial populations in complex environments. This review highlights the pitfalls and recent advances in the field of single-cell omics and its importance in microbiological and biotechnological studies.

Key points
• Single-cell omics expands the tree of life through the discovery of novel organisms, genes, and metabolic pathways.
• Disadvantages of metagenome-assembled genomes are overcome by single-cell omics.
• Functional analysis of single cells explores the heterogeneity of gene expression.
• Technical challenges still limit this field, thus prompting new method developments.
Evaluation of a screening program for iron overload andHFE mutations in 50,493 blood
donors
Authors: Eckerström Carl , Frändberg Sofia , Lyxe Lena , Pardi Cecilia , Konar Jan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEarly detection of individuals with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is
important to manage iron levels and prevent future organ damage. Although theHFE mutations that cause most cases of HH
have been identified, their geographic distribution is highly variable, and their
contribution to iron overload is not fully understood. All new registered blood
donors at the Sahlgrenska University hospital between 1998 and 2015 were included in
the study. Donors with signs of iron overload at baseline and subsequent follow-up
testing were recommended genotyping of the HFE
gene. Of the 50,493 donors that were included in the study, 950 (1.9%) had signs of
iron overload on both test occasions. Of the 840 donors with iron overload that
performed HFE genotyping, 117 were homozygous for
C282Y, and 97 were compound heterozygotes. The prevalence of C282Y homozygosity was
0.23%. Iron overload screening effectively detects individuals at risk of carrying
the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene and enables
early treatment to prevent HH complications.
Kindheitstraumatisierungen bei Patienten mit Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
Authors: Wilfer Tobias , Armbrust Michael , Aalderink Tim , Spitzer Carsten 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungWährend Kindheitstraumatisierungen zentrale psychosoziale Risikofaktoren für die Entwicklung einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) darstellen, ist ihre Relevanz für die Symptomschwere der Erkrankung und das Therapieergebnis bisher unzureichend und mit inkonsistenten Ergebnissen untersucht worden. In dieser naturalistischen Studie an 482 stationären Psychotherapiepatienten mit einer BPS wurde daher der differenzielle Einfluss verschiedener Kindheitstraumatisierungen (gemessen mit dem Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) auf die selbstberichtete Psychopathologie hinsichtlich Depressivität (Beck-Depressions-Inventar II [BDI-II], Gesundheitsfragebogen für Patienten [PHQ]), Ängstlichkeit und Somatisierung (PHQ), BPS-spezifischer Symptomatik (Borderline-Symptom-Liste, BSL) sowie gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität (Kurzform des Fragebogens zum Gesundheitszustand, SF-12) zu Behandlungsbeginn und bei Abschluss einer Dialektisch-Behavioralen Therapie analysiert. Weil sich Frauen und Männer in Symptomschwere und Häufigkeit verschiedener Kindheitstraumatisierungen unterscheiden, erfolgten geschlechtsdifferenzielle Analysen. Bei Patientinnen trugen Kindheitstraumatisierungen bis maximal knapp 7 % zur Varianzaufklärung der Symptombelastung bei Aufnahme bei; lediglich emotionaler Missbrauch hatte einen signifikanten und unabhängigen Einfluss. Bei Männern fanden sich keine relevanten Zusammenhänge zwischen dem CTQ und den Ergebnismaßen. Weder bei Männern noch bei Frauen wirkten sich Kindheitstraumatisierungen auf das symptombezogene Behandlungsergebnis aus. Die Ergebnisse werden im Kontext der bisherigen Befundlage zum Zusammenhang zwischen Kindheitstraumatisierungen, Symptomschwere und Therapieergebnis bei psychischen Störungen im Allgemeinen und der BPS im Besonderen diskutiert.
Impact of interventionalist’s experience and gender on radiation dose and procedural time in CT-guided interventions—a retrospective analysis of 4380 cases over 10 years
Authors: Theilig Dorothea , Mayerhofer Anna , Petschelt David , Elkilany Aboelyazid , Hamm Bernd , Gebauer Bernhard , Geisel Dominik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the impact of the interventionalist’s experience and gender on radiation dose and procedural time in CT-guided interventions.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 4380 CT-guided interventions performed at our institution with the same CT scanner from 2009 until 2018, 1287 (29%) by female and 3093 (71%) by male interventionalists. Radiation dose, number of CT fluoroscopy images taken per intervention, total procedural time, type of intervention, and degree of difficulty were derived from the saved dose reports and images. All 16 interventionalists included in this analysis performed their first CT-guided interventions during the study period, and interventions performed by each interventionalist were counted to assess the level of experience for each intervention in terms of the number of prior interventions performed by her or him. The Mann-Whitney U test (MWU test), multivariate regression, and linear mixed model analysis were performed.

Results
Assessment of the impact of gender with the MWU test revealed that female interventionalists took a significantly smaller number of images (p < 0.0001) and achieved a lower dose-length product per intervention (p < 0.0001) while taking more time per intervention (p = 0.0001). This finding was confirmed for most types of interventions when additionally accounting for other possible impact factors in multivariate regression analysis. In linear mixed model analysis, we found that radiation dose, number of images taken per intervention, and procedural time decreased statistically significantly with interventionalist’s experience.

Conclusions
Radiation doses of CT-guided interventions are reduced by interventionalist’s experience and, for most types of interventions, when performed by female interventionalists.

Key Points
• Radiation doses in CT-guided interventions are lower when performed by female interventionalists.
• Procedural times of CT-guided interventions are longer when performed by female interventionalists.
• Radiation doses of CT-guided interventions decrease with the interventionalist’s experience.
k-Means, Ward and Probabilistic Distance-Based Clustering Methods with Contiguity Constraint
Authors: Młodak Andrzej 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe analyze some possibilities of using contiguity (neighbourhood) matrix as a constraint in the clustering made by thek-means and Ward methods as well as by an approach based on distances and probabilistic assignments aimed at obtaining a solution of the multi-facility location problem (MFLP). That is, some special two-stage algorithms being the kinds of clustering with relational constraint are proposed. They optimize division of set of objects into clusters respecting the requirement that neighbours have to belong to the same cluster. In the case of the probabilisticd-clustering, relevant modification of its target function is suggested and studied. Versatile simulation study and empirical analysis verify the practical efficiency of these methods. The quality of clustering is assessed on the basis of indices of homogeneity, heterogeneity and correctness of clusters as well as the silhouette index. Using these tools and similarity indices (Rand, Peirce and Sokal and Sneath), it was shown that the probabilisticd-clustering can produce better results than Ward’s algorithm. In comparison with thek-means approach, the probabilisticd-clustering—although gives rather similar results—is more robust to creation of trivial (of which empty) clusters and produces less diversified (in replications, in terms of correctness) results thank-means approach, i.e. is more predictable from the point of view of the clustering quality.
Multi-model assessment of the late-winter extra-tropical response to El Niño and La Niña
Authors: Mezzina Bianca , García-Serrano Javier , Bladé Ileana , Palmeiro Froila M. , Batté Lauriane , Ardilouze Constantin , Benassi Marianna , Gualdi Silvio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEl Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is known to affect the Northern Hemisphere tropospheric circulation in late-winter (January–March), but whether El Niño and La Niña lead to symmetric impacts and with the same underlying dynamics remains unclear, particularly in the North Atlantic. Three state-of-the-art atmospheric models forced by symmetric anomalous sea surface temperature (SST) patterns, mimicking strong ENSO events, are used to robustly diagnose symmetries and asymmetries in the extra-tropical ENSO response. Asymmetries arise in the sea-level pressure (SLP) response over the North Pacific and North Atlantic, as the response to La Niña tends to be weaker and shifted westward with respect to that of El Niño. The difference in amplitude can be traced back to the distinct energy available for the two ENSO phases associated with the non-linear diabatic heating response to the total SST field. The longitudinal shift is embedded into the large-scale Rossby wave train triggered from the tropical Pacific, as its anomalies in the upper troposphere show a similar westward displacement in La Niña compared to El Niño. To fully explain this shift, the response in tropical convection and the related anomalous upper-level divergence have to be considered together with the climatological vorticity gradient of the subtropical jet, i.e. diagnosing the tropical Rossby wave source. In the North Atlantic, the ENSO-forced SLP signal is a well-known dipole between middle and high latitudes, different from the North Atlantic Oscillation, whose asymmetry is not indicative of distinct mechanisms driving the teleconnection for El Niño and La Niña.
ProZES: the methodology and software tool for assessment of assigned share of radiation in probability of cancer occurrence
Authors: Ulanowski Alexander , Shemiakina Elena , Güthlin Denise , Becker Janine , Preston Dale , Apostoaei A. Iulian , Hoffman F. Owen , Jacob Peter , Kaiser Jan Christian , Eidemüller Markus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProZES is a software tool for estimating the probability that a given cancer was caused by preceding exposure to ionising radiation. ProZES calculates this probability, the assigned share, for solid cancers and hematopoietic malignant diseases, in cases of exposures to low-LET radiation, and for lung cancer in cases of exposure to radon. User-specified inputs include birth year, sex, type of diagnosed cancer, age at diagnosis, radiation exposure history and characteristics, and smoking behaviour for lung cancer. Cancer risk models are an essential part of ProZES. Linking disease and exposure to radiation involves several methodological aspects, and assessment of uncertainties received particular attention. ProZES systematically uses the principle of multi-model inference. Models of radiation risk were either newly developed or critically re-evaluated for ProZES, including dedicated models for frequent types of cancer and, for less common diseases, models for groups of functionally similar cancer sites. The low-LET models originate mostly from the study of atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Risks predicted by these models are adjusted to be applicable to the population of Germany and to different time periods. Adjustment factors for low dose rates and for a reduced risk during the minimum latency time between exposure and cancer are also applied. The development of the methodology and software was initiated and supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) taking up advice by the German Commission on Radiological Protection (SSK, Strahlenschutzkommission). These provide the scientific basis to support decision making on compensation claims regarding malignancies following occupational exposure to radiation in Germany.
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK): clinical results of precut versus surgeon-cut grafts
Authors: Koechel Doreen , Hofmann Nicola , Unterlauft Jan D. , Wiedemann Peter , Girbardt Christian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate possible differences in clinical outcomes between precut and surgeon-cut grafts for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods
142 consecutive patients who underwent DMEK were included in the study. 44 patients received precut tissues, and 98 patients received surgeon-cut tissues. Precut grafts were allocated to the patient by the German Society for Tissue Transplantation if available. We compared the outcomes of both groups for changes in visual acuity, central corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, re-bubbling rate, and graft failure rate.

Results
Patients who received precut tissues experienced similar increase in visual acuity (median change 0.4 logMAR) and decrease of corneal swelling (median change 132 μm) compared with those who received surgeon-cut tissues (median VA change 0.3 logMAR, p = 0.55, CCT change 118 μm, p = 0.63). There was no statistical difference in endothelial cell density (1436 vs. 1569 cells/mm2, p = 0.37), re-bubbling (32% vs. 35%, p = 0.85), and graft failure rate (5% vs. 1%, p = 0.23). No primary graft failure occurred in the group of precut grafts.

Conclusion
Both methods lead to comparable results for visual acuity, corneal deswelling, endothelial cell density, and re-bubbling rate. A previously described higher graft failure rate for precut tissues could not be confirmed in our study. Thus, we do not see medical reasons against the use of precut tissues. There are several advantages of precut DMEK tissues over surgeon-cut tissues, especially the prevention of graft loss during preparation in the operating theater.
Diagnostic accuracy of the gastric cancer T-category with respect to tumor localization
Authors: Nanishi Kenji , Shoda Katsutoshi , Kubota Takeshi , Kosuga Toshiyuki , Konishi Hirotaka , Shiozaki Atsushi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Okamoto Kazuma , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Diagnosing early gastric cancer (EGC) or advanced gastric cancer (AGC) according to T-category is important for optimal GC treatment; however, the clinical and pathological diagnosis of tumor depths can sometimes vary. This study investigated the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of the tumor depth from the viewpoint of tumor localization and prognosis of patients with GC with discordance between clinical and pathological findings.

Methods
This study enrolled 741 patients with primary GC who underwent curative gastrectomy. Based on the clinical and pathological diagnosis of T-category, the patients were classified into four groups: Early-look EGC, Early-look AGC, Advanced-look EGC, and Advanced-look AGC. Tumor localization was classified longitudinally (the upper [U], middle [M], and lower [L] parts and cross-sectionally (the anterior [Ant] and posterior [Post] walls, and the lesser [Less] and greater [Gre] curvatures).

Results
Of the 462 clinical EGC cases, 52 were Early-look AGC cases that exhibited a significant association of tumor localization with the Post and Less in the U and M locations (UM-PL; p = 0.037). An Advanced-look EGC (p = 0.031) and Advanced-look AGC (p = 0.025) were independent prognostic factors for relapse-free survival each in pathological EGC and AGC, respectively.

Conclusions
Patients with clinically diagnosed EGC but with pathologically diagnosed AGC more frequently presented tumor in the UM-PL than in any other location. Selection of therapeutic strategy according to the clinical diagnosis might be critical; however, it should be also considered that the accuracy of preoperative assessments varies with tumor localization.