bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Factors Influencing Learning Difficulties Among Individuals with Special Needs
Authors: Oguntayo Rotimi , Agberotimi Samson F. , Oyeleke Johnson T. , Olaseni Abayomi O. , Ayinde Adam A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study examined the influence of psychosocial factors on learning difficulties among adolescents with special needs. A cross-sectional survey design was utilized. One hundred and twenty adolescents comprising 56.7% males were purposively selected among students at a facility for special needs individuals in Ilorin, Nigeria. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire containing perceived stigma of intellectual disability scale, social support questionnaire and Colorado learning difficulties questionnaire. Only individuals who voluntarily consented to participate were included in the study. Data were subjected to statistical analysis utilizing the SPSS v20. There was no significant gender difference on learning difficulties among individuals with special needs (t (118) =. 138, p>.05). Individuals with high perceived stigma reported significant higher learning difficulties compared to their peers with low perceived stigma (t (118) = 15.70; p˂.05). There was a significant influence of type of disability on learning difficulty (F (2, 117) =9.152, p< .01); individuals with intellectual impairment exhibited more learning difficulty compared with those with visual impairment (8.09) and those with hearing impairment (11.62). The study recommends that government should reinforce law that protect individuals living with disability and enhance their learning in schools. It is also important that sufficient support services are made available for these students to reinforce their motivation for school learning.
Zivilgesellschaft im Ausnahmezustand: Corona und die Folgen
Authors: Klein Ansgar 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag diskutiert die Folgen der Corona-Pandemie und des damit verbundenen Ausnahmezustandes für die Zivilgesellschaft und deren Akteure. Diese sind durch Aufhebung zentraler Versammlungsrechte in ihrem Alltag schwer eingeschränkt. Ob sich Vertrauen und Solidarität in den nunmehr dynamisierten digitalen Räumen in gleichem Maße wie in direkter Interaktion bilden können, ist offen. Diskutiert werden förderpolitische Konsequenzen, um zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen zu unterstützen und die Zeit nach Corona mit den Herausforderungen der Klimakrise zu bewältigen.
Antenna tilt optimization for multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with two tilts
Authors: Chu Deming , Hu Anzhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study the optimization of two tilt angles corresponding to two antenna arrays in each base station (BS) of a massive multiple-input multiple-output system. We consider two scenarios with perfect channel state information (CSI) and imperfect CSI. In the limit of the number of the BS antennas, the channel orthogonality is employed to derive the limit and the lower bound of the throughputs. By maximizing the lower bound or the limit throughput, the two antenna tilt angles are optimized. Simulation results show that the throughput performance can be improved with the designed tilt angles.
Effect of tillage, slope, and rainfall on soil surface microtopography quantified by geostatistical and fractal indices during sheet erosion
Authors: Ta Na , Zhang Chutian , Ding Hongru , Zhang Qingfeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tillage and slope will influence soil surface roughness that changes during rainfall events. This study tests this effect under controlled conditions quantified by geostatistical and fractal indices. When four commonly adopted tillage practices, namely, artificial backhoe (AB), artificial digging (AD), contour tillage (CT), and linear slope (CK), were prepared on soil surfaces at 2 × 1 × 0.5 m soil pans at 5°, 10°, or 20° slope gradients, artificial rainfall with an intensity of 60 or 90 mm h−1 was applied to it. Measurements of the difference in elevation points of the surface profiles were taken before rainfall and after rainfall events for sheet erosion. Tillage practices had a relationship with fractal indices that the surface treated with CT exhibited the biggest fractal dimension D value, followed by the surfaces AD, AB, and CK. Surfaces under a stronger rainfall tended to have a greater D value. Tillage treatments affected anisotropy differently and the surface CT had the strongest effect on anisotropy, followed by the surfaces AD, AB, and CK. A steeper surface would have less effect on anisotropy. Since the surface CT had the strongest effect on spatial variability or the weakest spatial autocorrelation, it had the smallest effect on runoff and sediment yield. Therefore, tillage CT could make a better tillage practice of conserving water and soil. Simultaneously, changes in semivariogram and fractal parameters for surface roughness were examined and evaluated. Fractal parameter – crossover length l – is more sensitive than fractal dimension D to rainfall action to describe vertical differences in soil surface roughness evolution.
Surface properties of thermally treated European beech wood studied by PeakForce Tapping atomic force microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Lagaňa Rastislav , Csiha Csilla , Horváth Norbert , Tolvaj László , Andor Tomáš , Kúdela Jozef , Németh Róbert , Kačík František , Ďurkovič Jaroslav 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural constituents of wood cell-wall layers are affected in various ways by thermal treatment. This study investigated the effect of high-temperature treatment on the properties of cell-wall layers. The properties were studied using PeakForce quantitative nanomechanical mapping and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). European beech wood was thermally treated at 200 °C for 1, 3, and 5 h in an oxidizing atmosphere. Modulus of elasticity, adhesion force, and roughness of the secondary S2layer and the compound middle lamella (CML) were determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results showed that both the S2layer and CML were affected by thermal treatment. Stiffening of the S2layer was caused by increased crystallinity of the cellulose-dominated component, having peaked after 1 h of treatment. The degradation thereafter resulted in a decrease of the S2as well as the CML stiffness. An increase of CML roughness after 3 h of treatment was associated with the effect of thermal degradation on CML integrity. The analysis suggested that the reduction in syringyl lignin is potentially associated with an increase in adhesion of cell-wall layers.
Beyond Tauchnitz: Brockhaus’s Foreign-Language Editions, Copyright Law and the Rise of Nationalism
Authors: Gabriele Alberto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Expanding the existing framework of a Franco-German axis of dissemination of print culture, this essay discusses a pan-European geography of the book trade to account for the dissemination of foreign-language editions circulating from the nineteenth-century Leipzig book industry and connecting publishers all over the European continent. More specifically, it reconsiders the history of the Brockhaus firm by highlighting its transnational links and the shared practices of the European publishers prior to copyright legislation and the rise of nationalism.
‚Nationaljournale‘ gründen vor 1800: Das Avertissement
Authors: Fischer Hannes 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
On the basis of newly discovered Avertissements, this paper reconstructs the process of founding the popular journals Teutscher Merkur, Deutsches Museum, and Berlinische Monatsschrift in the late eighteenth century. The Avertissements were meant to attract new readers and writers to the newly founded journal. By comparing and analyzing these short programmatic texts, the paper shows how, by developing new strategies of distribution and reader participation, the three monthlies established the concept of the Nationaljournal.
“If they could, they would put them on a drip with Dutch”: Language learning and the professional integration of migrants in Flanders
Authors: Van Hoof Sarah , Nyssen Sara , Kanobana Sibo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis contribution investigates the rationale and implementation of an employment policy that envisions the quick insertion of migrants in the labour market through short and intensive language learning. We present an ethnographic analysis of a short and intensive course of Dutch for migrant job seekers developed in the context of Flemish employment policy. Our data show that the policy is framed in a discourse of empowerment and efficiency, but in its implementation focuses strongly on surveillance, the punitive consequences of which are tacitly attenuated by the practitioners implementing it. The drive towards quick and efficient language learning could be seen to conflict with the unpredictable nature of language learning. A focus on short-term language learning and quick professionalisation trajectories moreover seems to push migrants into low-skilled, precarious employment and to have stratificational outcomes along gendered lines. While arguing for the need to raise awareness of the way gender intersects with issues of language learning and professional integration, this contribution also reflects on the limitations of language learning as a strategy for migrants’ empowerment and contends that an exclusive focus on language as the key to integration erases the structural factors that produce inequality on the labour market.
4th A in a triple A syndrome – A rare case report
Authors: MaheshKumar K. , Mahadevan Shriraam , Ramaswamy Padmavathi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
AAA (Allgrove) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by cardinal features of adrenal insufficiency, achalasia, and alacrimia.

Case presentation
A 21 year girl of known case of Triple A syndrome was referred for the evaluation of autonomic function. She was born full term with developmental delay and abnormal gait. Esophageal manometry study by pneumatic balloon dilatation revealed the presence of achalasia cardia. She had signs of peripheral neuropathy and had episodes of fainting and suspected orthostatic hypotension. Cardiovascular autonomic function and heart rate variability tests were conducted as per Ewing protocol, revealed that the patient had sympathovagal imbalance and sympathetic dominance.

Conclusions
The presence of autonomic dysfunction adds the 4th A to the Triple A syndrome (Adrenal insufficiency, Achalasia, Alacrimia and Autonomic dysfunction). Noninvasive autonomic function tests are recommended for Triple A syndrome patients to reduce the morbidity associated with autonomic dysfunction.
Character degrees in 𝜋-separable groups
Authors: Grittini Nicola 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
If a group G is π-separable, where π is a set of primes, the set of irreducible characters

B
π

⁡

(
G
)

∪

B

π
′

⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{B}_{\pi}(G)\cup\operatorname{B}_{\pi^{\prime}}(G)}

can be defined.
In this paper, we prove variants of some classical theorems in character theory, namely the theorem of Ito–Michler and Thompson’s theorem on character degrees, involving irreducible characters in the set

B
π

⁡

(
G
)

∪

B

π
′

⁡

(
G
)

{\operatorname{B}_{\pi}(G)\cup\operatorname{B}_{\pi^{\prime}}(G)}

.
The invariably generating graph of the alternating and symmetric groups
Authors: Garzoni Daniele 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Given a finite group G, the invariably generating graph of G is defined as the undirected graph in which the vertices are the nontrivial conjugacy classes of G, and two classes are adjacent if and only if they invariably generate G.
In this paper, we study this object for alternating and symmetric groups.
The main result of the paper states that if we remove the isolated vertices from the graph, the resulting graph is connected and has diameter at most 6.
On the Hochstadt–Lieberman problem for the Dirac operator with discontinuity
Authors: Yang Chuan-Fu , Yurko Vjacheslav , Zhang Ran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using the input data – the spectrum of the Dirac operator with discontinuity, the potential on the half-interval and one boundary condition as well as discontinuity conditions – this paper presents a uniqueness theorem and the solvability conditions of the potential on the whole interval, and provides a reconstruction algorithm of the solution to this kind of inverse problems.
Entropy Generation in Magnetized Blood Flow Through a Finite Wavy Channel Under Slip Conditions
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Bhatti Muhammad Mubashir , Michaelides Efstathios E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study deals with the entropy generation in magnetized blood flow through a channel. The blood is modeled as a non-Newtonian fluid that circulates by a uniform peristaltic wave with slip at the boundaries. An inertia free flow is considered using an approximation of the long-wavelength peristaltic wave. The governing equations of the flow are formulated and numerically solved using computational software to identify the characteristics of this non-uniform and time-dependent flow system. In addition, several closed-form solutions of the problem are explicitly presented.
From infancy to adulthood: challenges in congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Authors: Atmis Bahriye , Bayazit Aysun Karabay , Melek Engin , Bisgin Atil , Anarat Ali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare hereditary disorder which is characterized by unresponsiveness to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in collecting ducts and leads to polyuria and polydipsia. The wide clinical spectrum of congenital NDI can cause difficulties in early diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate clinical prognosis of children with congenital NDI in long-term period.

Methods
Nineteen children with congenital NDI followed up in Pediatric Nephrology Department were enrolled to the study. This study is a single-center retrospective study, which reports clinical follow-up and genetic results of children with congenital NDI.

Results
Presenting symptoms of patients were mostly dehydration and fever due to polyuria and polydipsia. Four male patients had bilateral nonobstructive hydroureteronephrosis (HUN) and neurogenic bladder which requires clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). One patient had intracranial calcification which is a rarely seen complication in congenital NDI due to recurrent hypernatremic dehydration and severe brain dehydration. The causative mutations were identified in all patients. The identified mutations in six of them (31.6%) were hemizygous mutations in AVPR2 gene and homozygous mutations of AQP2 gene in the rest 13 cases (68.4%). More than that, four of these mutations (two in AVPR2 and two in AQP2) were novel mutations. Noncompliance with the treatments is associated with high risk of morbidity due to neurogenic bladder and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Conclusions
The prognosis of congenital NDI is good when diagnosis can be made early and treatment is started immediately. Genetic counseling and prenatal testing for hereditary diseases are recommended especially in regions with relatively higher rates of consanguineous marriages.
Quality of life and associated factors in parents of children with late diagnosed phenylketonuria. A cross sectional study in a developing country (Tunisia)
Authors: Ben Abdelaziz Rim , Ben Chehida Amel , Kachouri Henda , Ben Messaoud Sana , Ferchichi Maherzia , Ben Ameur Zeineb , Sassi Yosra , Abdelmoula Mohamed Slim , Azzouz Hatem , Tebib Néji 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated the quality of life (QOL) in parents of children with late treated phenylketonuria (PKU) and its associated factors.

Methods
We conducted a cross sectional study in the reference center of inherited metabolic disease in Tunisia. We used the Tunisian version of the 36-item short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36). We compared variables in the groups with and without impaired QOL and the SF-36 scores between subgroups of parents and children and between our sample and the Tunisian general population based on published data. We looked for associations between SF-36 scores and quantitative variables. Linear regression and logistic binary regression were used for multivariate analysis.

Results
Sixty-five parents from 42 families participated. QOL was impaired in 61% of them. The mean SF-36 score was 55.3 ± 25.07. The physical component sub-score was higher than that reported in the Tunisian general population (63.66 ± 27.77 vs. 50.11 ± 8.53; p<0.001). The mental component sub-score was comparable to that reported in the Tunisian general population (46.99 ± 25.94 vs. 47.96 ± 9.82; p=0.830). Gender (mothers) (p=0.008), low monthly income (p = 0.027), low education (p=0.011), and autism in PKU children (p = 0.001) were associated with impaired QOL.

Conclusions
We identified at risk parents for altered quality of life among parents of PKU children. Our findings were used to develop a psychological and social support strategy for at-risk parents and to promote the implementation of newborn screening of this treatable disease in our low-income country.
Estimated fetal weight and severe neonatal outcomes in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
Authors: Duncan Jose R. , Dorsett Katherine M. , Aziz Michael M. , Bursac Zoran , Cleves Mario A. , Talati Ajay J. , Schenone Mauro H. , Meyer Nornan L. , Mari Giancarlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesOur aim was to study the association of clinical variables obtainable before delivery for severe neonatal outcomes (SNO) and develop a clinical tool to calculate the prediction probability of SNO in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).MethodsThis was a prospective study from October 2015 to May 2018. We included singleton pregnancies with PPROM and an estimated fetal weight (EFW) two weeks before delivery. We excluded those with fetal anomalies or fetal death. We examined the association between SNO and variables obtainable before delivery such as gestational age (GA) at PPROM, EFW, gender, race, body mass index, chorioamnioitis. SNO was defined as having at least one of the following: respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, neonatal sepsis, or neonatal death. The most parsimonious logistic regression models was constructed using the best subset selection model approach, and receiver operator curves were utilized to evaluate the prognostic accuracy of these clinical variables for SNO.ResultsWe included 106 pregnancies, 42 had SNO (39.6%). The EFW (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]=0.88) and GA at PPROM (AUC=0.83) were significant predictors of SNO. The addition of any of the other variables did not improve the predictive probability of EFW for the prediction of SNO.ConclusionsThe EFW had the strongest association with SNO in in our study among variables obtainable before delivery. Other variables had no significant effect on the prediction probability of the EFW. Our findings should be validated in larger studies.
Effects of coronavirus 19 pandemic on maternal anxiety during pregnancy: a prospectic observational study
Authors: Mappa Ilenia , Distefano Flavia Adalgisa , Rizzo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease that is spreading widely throughout the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women in Italy.

Methods
We considered 200 pregnancies attending our antenatal clinic. A questionnaire was sent to each woman in the days of maximum spread of COVID-19. Sectional was finalized to acquire in 18 items maternal characteristics and to test the women’s perception of infection. Section included the State–trait anxiety inventory (STAI) 40 items validated test for scoring trait anxiety (basal anxiety, STAI-T) and state anxiety (related to the ongoing pandemic, STAI-S). An abnormal value of STAI was considered when ≥40.

Results
The questionnaire was completed by 178 women (89%). Fear that COVID-19 could induce fetal structural anomalies was present in 47%, fetal growth restriction in 65% and preterm birth in 51% of the women. The median value of STAI-T was 37 and in 38.2% of the study group STAI-T score ≥40 was evidenced. STAI-S values were significantly higher with an increase of median values of 12 points (p≤0.0001). There was a positive linear correlation between STAI-T and STAI-S (Pearson=0.59; p≤0.0001). A higher educational status was associated with increased prevalence of STAI-S ≥ 40(p=0.004). Subgrouping women by the other variables considered did not show any further difference.

Conclusions
COVID-19 pandemic induces a doubling of the number of women who reached abnormal level of anxiety. These findings validate the role of the remote use of questionnaire for identifying women at higher risk of anxiety disorders allowing the activation of support procedures.
Risk factors for cerebral vasospasm in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Opancina Valentina , Lukic Snezana , Jankovic Slobodan , Vojinovic Radisa , Mijailovic Milan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is a type of spontaneous hemorrhagic stroke, which is caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is the most grievous complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors that influence the onset of CVS that develops after endovascular coil embolization of a ruptured aneurysm.

Materials and methods
The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The patients included in the study were 18 or more years of age, admitted within a period of 24 h of symptom onset, diagnosed and treated at a university medical center in Serbia during a 5-year period.

Results
Our study showed that the maximum recorded international normalized ratio (INR) values in patients who were not receiving anticoagulant therapy and the maximum recorded white blood cells (WBCs) were strongly associated with cerebrovascular spasm, increasing its chances 4.4 and 8.4 times with an increase of each integer of the INR value and 1,000 WBCs, respectively.

Conclusions
SAH after the rupture of cerebral aneurysms creates an endocranial inflammatory state whose intensity is probably directly related to the occurrence of vasospasm and its adverse consequences.
Erzähltes Recht oder Erzählen vom Recht? Praxis, Theorie und Gender in isländischen Sagatexten
Authors: Scheel Roland 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe society depicted in the Icelandic family sagas has often been characterised as the archetype of a ‘feuding society’. The disputing strategies found in the sagas have therefore served as an argument that the prescriptions of the laws which curb revenge were irrelevant in socio-legal practice. This dominance of the feud as the actual ‘law’ crystallising in saga disputes is questioned through a close analysis of gender roles. While ‘classical’ sagas frequently apply the motif of the female whetter who forces a male character to take action or lose his manly honour, thus stabilising the feuding mechanism, the contemporary sagas and non-canonical family sagas display a wide variety of male-female interaction in the negotiation of social resources and legal obligations. The systematic look at non-canonical passages reveals a discourse of counsel, in which gender roles are fluid and interchangeable. This fluidity reveals an implicit theory of ‘law’ in the sense of doing conflict which stresses the stabilising forces supporting written law opposed to the motif of the whetter, which comes to form a central element of the imagination of the Icelandic heroic age.