bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Brazilian Perinatal Bereavement Project. Development and Evaluation of Supportive Guidelines for Families Experiencing Stillbirth and Neonatal Death in Southeast Brazil: A Quasi-experimental Before-and-after Study.
Authors: Salgado Heloisa de Oliveira , Andreucci Carla Betina , Gomes Ana Clara Rezende , Souza João Paulo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFor most parents, getting pregnant means having a child. Generally, the couple outlines plans and has expectations regarding the baby. When these plans are interrupted because of a perinatal loss, it turns out to be a traumatic experience for the family. Validating the grief of these losses has been a challenge to Brazilian society, which is evident considering the childbirth care offered to bereaved families in maternity wards. Positively assessed care that brings physical and emotional memories about the baby has a positive impact on the bereavement process that family undergoes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effects supportive guidelines have on mental health. They were designed to assist grieving parents and their families while undergoing perinatal loss in public maternities in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil. MethodA mixed-methods (qualitative/quantitative), quasi-experimental (before/after) study. The intervention is the implementation of bereavement supportive guidelines for women who experienced a stillbirth or a neonatal death. A total of forty women will be included. Twenty participants will be assessed before and twenty will be assessed after the implementation of the guidelines. A semi-structured questionnaire and three scales will be used to assess the effects of the guidelines. Health care professionals and managers of all childbirth facilities will be invited to participate in focus group interviews. Data will be analyzed using statistical tests, as well as thematic analysis approach. DiscussionThe Brazilian Perinatal Bereavement guidelines are a local adaptation of the Canadian and British corresponding guidelines. These guidelines have been developed based on the families’ needs of baby memories during the bereavement process and include the following aspects: (1) Organization of care into periods, considering their respective needs along the process; (2) Creation of the Bereavement Professional figure in maternity wards; (3) Adequacy of the institutional environment; (4) Communication of the guidance; (5) Creation of baby memories. We expect that the current project generates additional evidence for improving the mental health of women and families that experience a perinatal loss. Trial registrationClinical trial registry (waiting approval)
Application of One Health Approach in Training at Makerere University: Experiences From the One Health Workforce Project in Uganda
Authors: Atusingwize Edwinah , Ndejjo Rawlance , Tumukunde Gloria , Buregyeya Esther , Nsamba Peninah , Tuhebwe Doreen , Kato Charles Drago , Naigaga Irene , Musoke David , Kabasa John David , Bazeyo William 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The interconnections of humans, domestic animals, wildlife and the environment have increasingly become complex, requiring innovative and collaborative approaches (One Health approach) for addressing global health challenges. One Health is a multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral collaborative approach to human, animal, plant and environmental health. The role of academia in training professionals oriented in One Health is critical in building a global workforce capable of enhancing synergies of various sectors in improving health. Makerere University, Uganda has implemented pre-service capacity building initiatives aimed to foster One Health competencies among students who are future practitioners. In addition to incorporating the One Health concept in didactic curricula, Student One Health Innovation Clubs, undergraduate field placements in 11 demonstration sites, graduate fellowships, small grants to support research and innovations, and cross-college collaborative training approaches have greatly aided the assimilation of One Health into the fabric of university offerings. Partnerships with government ministries, private sector and international agencies were initiated to benefit the students, as well as chart a path for experiential learning and in-service offerings in the future. One major challenge, however, has been the tendency to focus on infectious diseases, especially zoonoses, with less consideration of other health issues. The opportunity for improvement, nonetheless, lies in the increasing emerging and re-emerging health concerns including epidemics, environmental pollution and related challenges which justify the need for countries and institutions to focus on building and strengthening multidisciplinary health systems.
Analytical Validation and Performance of a 7-gene Next-generation Sequencing Panel in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Alsina Katherina Maria , Sholl Lauren M , Covington Kyle R , Arnal Suzette M , Durante Michael M , Decatur Christina L , Stone John F , Oelschlager Kristen M , Harbour J William , Monzon Federico A , Cook Robert W , Borman Sherri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: A 15-gene expression profiling (GEP) test is widely used for prognostication of metastatic risk in uveal melanoma (UM) patients. Because the amount of tumor tissue that can be safely obtained by biopsy from UM is limited, it is critical to obtain as much individualized genomic information as possible from each biopsy sample. Mutational profiling of UM tumors using next generation sequencing (NGS) in combination with GEP allows for analysis of both DNA and RNA from a single tumor sample, offers additional prognostic value, and can potentially inform therapy selection. This study evaluated the analytical performance of a targeted custom NGS panel for mutational profiling of the seven genes known to be commonly mutated in primary UM.Methods: 105 primary UM samples were analyzed, including 37 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens and 68 fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens obtained with a 25- or 27-gauge needle. Sequencing was performed on the Ion GeneStudio S5 platform to an average read depth of greater than 500X per region of interest in a clinical laboratory accredited by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA).Results: The 7-gene panel assay achieved a positive percent agreement (PPA) of 100% for detection of both single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (INDELs), with a technical positive predictive value (TPPV) of 99.4% and 100%, respectively. Intra-assay and inter-assay concordance studies confirmed the reproducibility and repeatability of the assay. The limit of detection was determined to be 5% variant allele frequency (VAF) for both SNVs and INDELs, with a minimum DNA input requirement of 1.5ng for FNAB and 5ng for FFPE samples.Conclusions: The 7-gene panel is a robust, highly accurate NGS test that can be successfully performed, along with GEP, from a single small gauge needle biopsy sample.
Beneficial Effects of Decreased Meal Frequency on Nutrient Utilization, Secretion of Luteinizing Hormone and Ovarian Follicular Development in Gilts
Authors: Hua Lun , Zhao Lianpeng , Mao Zhengyu , Li Wentao , Li Jing , Jiang Xuemei , Che Lianqiang , Xu Shenyu , Lin Yan , Fang Zhengfeng , Feng Bin , Zhuo Yong , Wu De 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum, whereas emerging evidence in human and rodent studies revealed that time-restricted access to food had health benefits. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods: A total of 36 gilts (Landrace × Yorkshire) at age of 150 (±3) d and bodyweight at 77.6 (±3.8) kg were randomly allocated into one of three meal frequencies (n = 12) to feed one meal (T1); two meals (T2), or six meals per day (T6) for a consecutive 14 weeks. The effect of meal frequency on growth preference, nutrient utilization, gut microbial metabolite short-chain fatty acids production at a 3-h interval, dynamics of metabolic status after a meal test, reproductive hormone secretions, and ovarian follicular development were measured in gilts.Results: Gilts in T1 group had greater average daily gain (+48 g/d, P < 0.05) and bodyweight (+4.9kg, P < 0.05) than T6 gilts. The apparent digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash and gross energy were not affected by meal frequency, except for a greater NDF digestibility in T1 gilts than T6 gilts (P < 0.05). Nitrogen balance trail reveal that the T1 gilts had lower urine excretion of nitrogen (-8.17 g/d, P < 0.05) and had a greater nitrogen retention (+9.81 g/d, P < 0.05), resulting in greater nitrogen utilization compared with T6 gilts. The time-course dynamics of glucose, α-amino nitrogen, urea, lactate, and insulin levels in serum revealed a greater utilization of nutrients after a meal test in T1 gilts than T2 or T6 gilts. The T1 gilts showed greater acetate content in feces compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). The age, bodyweight and backfat thickness at first puberty of gilts were not affected by meal frequency, but gilts in T1 group had greater serum levels of luteinizing hormone and 17β-estradiol, a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea, and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions: The current findings revealed unexpected benefits of meal frequency at one meal per day on the nutrient utilizations and reproductive function for replacement gilts, thus providing new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts, as well as the dietary pattern for other mammals, such as human.
The Protective Effect of Shuxin Shengmai Dan on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Wang Xingye , Hao Zhenzhu , Piao Xinghu , Sun Li , Tao Ye , Zhong Xiaowei , Yang Haimiao , Wang Wei , Zhao Yicheng , Wang Bingmei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The traditional Chinese medicine Shuxin Shengmai Dan (SXSMD) is clinically used to treat angina pectoris. The mechanism of action of SXSMD protection of the heart involves inhibition of inflammation and remains poorly understood. The role of SXSMD in rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) and the mechanism of SXSMD action were studied in this research.Methods: The rats were treated with SXSMD (3.38, 6.76, and 13.52 g/kg/day, p.o.) or Danshen injecta (1.8 mL/kg/day, p.o.) for 15 days, then the coronary arteries were ligated. Cardiac function was evaluated by electrocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to detect pathological changes in ischemic myocardial sections. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to assess the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes. The changes in IL-6 and TNF-α in the rat serum were detected by ELISA. The changes in the expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB mRNAs and proteins related to the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in myocardial tissue were detected by qPCR and Western blot, respectively.Results: Rats with coronary artery ligation had abnormal cardiac function, inflammatory infiltration of myocardial cells, disordered myocardial fiber arrangement, accumulation of mitochondria, and disordered muscle fibers and sarcomeres according to electron microscopy. The levels of the expression of mRNAs and proteins in myocardial tissue of the SXSMD group were decreased compared with those in the MIRI group. The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased. SXSMD treatment can inhibit the inflammatory response and downregulate the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in cardiomyocytes.Conclusion: SXSMD protects the rats from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in the MIRI model by downregulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway to inhibit inflammation.
Attributes and Generic Competencies Required of Doctors In 21st Century Health-Care Systems: A Participatory Concept Mapping Study
Authors: Ogden Kathryn Jane , Kilpatrick Sue , Elmer Shandell , Rooney Kim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Health professionals’ education should ensure graduates are equipped for practice in modern health-care systems. One hundred years after the Flexner Report on medical education, transformation in health-care systems has warranted reflection on priorities for medical education. Practicing effectively in modern health-care systems requires contemporary attributes and competencies, complimenting core clinical competencies. These need to be made overt and opportunities to develop and practice them provided. This study explicates these attributes and generic competencies using Group Concept Mapping methodology, with the aim of informing curriculum development in pre-vocational medical education.Methods: Group Concept Mapping consists of four phases: 1) Idea generation, review and synthesis; 2) Sorting and rating 3) Analysis of data using quantitative and qualitative techniques to produce a visual concept map; and 4) Confirmation and interpretation of results using logic model transformation. Multiple stakeholders contributed to the development of the conceptual model, including junior doctors who rated competencies according to importance to their practice and preparedness at graduation.Results: Sixty-seven participants from stakeholder groups generated 338 responses to the prompt: ‘An attribute or non-clinical competency required of doctors for effective practice in modern health-care systems is...’ These responses were synthesised into 60 statements which were sorted by participants into groupings according to similarity. Multi-dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis led to a conceptual map of seven clusters representing: Value-led professionalism; Attributes for self-awareness and reflective practice; Cognitive capability; Active engagement; Communication to build and manage relationships; Patient-centredness and advocacy; and Systems awareness, thinking and contribution. Logic model transformation identified three overarching meta-competencies: Leadership and systems thinking; Learning and cognitive processes; and Interpersonal capability. Ratings indicated that junior doctors believe system-related competencies are less important than other competencies, and they feel less prepared to carry them out. Conclusion: Group Concept Mapping was used to conceptualise the attributes and generic competencies required for effective practice modern health-care systems. The operationalization of the model through logic model transformation further identifies the links between attributes, their application through competency, and the outputs that they lead to. Rating of items can identify priorities for ensuring a medical education which addresses contemporary health-care needs.
Pretreatment Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Indicator in Advanced Cancer Patients Treated With Apatinib: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Haiming , Huang Yi-Chao , Liu Xin-Fu , Lu Yi-Yu , Gu Wei-Guang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study has evaluated the prognostic value of pretherapy serum ferritin (SF) levels in advanced cancer patients receiving apatinib therapy after multiline treatment for drug resistance. Methods: This retrospective cohort reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics and pretreatment levels of SF of 124 patients with advanced cancer treated with apatinib. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival rate (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and the log-rank test was used to assess the statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate analyses of Cox proportional hazard regression were used to assess the prognostic impact of advanced cancer. Results: Participants in this study were previously treated with at least two treatment regimens. 52.4% of the patients had the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS)≥2. Median PFS was 8.57 weeks, and the median overall survival was 9.43 weeks. The OS and PFS of patients with elevated SF were significantly shorter than those with low SF (p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively). Conclusions: SF can be used as an important prognostic indicator for advanced cancer patients with the treatment of apatinib after multiline treatment for drug resistance.
The Effects of Suillus Luteus Inoculation on Rhizospheric Fungal Community Diversity and Structure of Pinus Massoniana in Mining Area
Authors: Yu Peiyi , Ning Chen , Chen Jingzhen , Zhu Fan , Shen Airong , Zeng Wenbin , Jiang Lijuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAs important decomposers and plant symbionts, soil fungal communities play a major role in remediating heavy metal polluted soils. However, diversity and structure of fungal communities generally remain unclear in mining area. This study aimed to assess the rhizospheric fungal community composition of masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana) in lead-zinc mining area of Suxian district, Hunan Province, China. The experiment was treated as three ways: masson’s pine inoculated with or without Suillus luteus and bulk soil without plant as control. ResultsThe results showed that the inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi could enlarge the plants’ capability to absorb heavy metals and secrete soil enzymes. The richness and diversity of fungi in rhizospheric soil were significantly higher than bulk soil (p＜0.05), but no obvious difference between rhizospheric soils inoculated with and without ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi while the community structure was changed. The rhizospheric fungi belong to 6 phylum, 25 classes, 65 orders, 115 families and 150 genera and the dominant phyla were Chytridiomycota (50.49%), Ascomycota (38.54%), and Basidiomycota (9.02%). By using LEfSe and heatmap, the relative abundance of Suillus, Paraglomus, Agaricus, and Tulasnella were the highest with ECM fungi inoculation. Redundant analysis (RDA) showed that the community structure significantly changed with ECM fungi inoculation, which was significantly related to soil water content, carbon nitrogen ratio, bulk density, available potassium, and soil enzymes. ConclusionsAll together, the inoculation with ECM fungi may change the inhabit environment of microorganisms and the dominant fungi in soil, which provided a screening of keystone species in the heavy metal-contaminated mining area.
Distribution of Virulence Genes Among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus of Clinical and Environmental Origin
Authors: Bhowmik Deepshikha , Chetri Shiela , Das Bhaskar Jyoti , Chanda Debadatta Dhar , Bhattacharjee Amitabha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study was designed to discover the dissemination of virulence genes in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and environmental settings. Results: The virulence gene such as sea (n=54), seb (n=21), eta (n=27), etb (n=2), cna (n=24), ica (n=2) and tst (n=30) was revealed from this study. Different SCCmec types such as type I, type II, type III, type IV, type V, type VI, type VII, type VIII and type XII were detected among sixty three MRSA isolates where SCCmec type II having ST1551 and type V with ST2416 were found to be associated with multidrug resistance and were highly prevalent in the study area.
S-adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase 1 Participates in PM2.5 Exposure Induced Neuronal Apoptosis via Mitochondria-Mediated Pathway
Authors: Zhu Xiaozheng , Shou Yikai , Ji Xintong , Hu Yu , Wang Huanhuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Fine particle (Particulate matter 2.5, PM2.5), as the primary ambient pollutant, is considered harmful to some neurodegenerative diseases, while the specific biochemical mechanism underlying is still unrevealed. Neuronal apoptosis is believed the crucial event in neurodegenerative pathogenesis, but evidence supporting neuronal apoptosis as PM2.5 induced neuronal injury is insufficient. S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1 (AMD1) and its related spermidine synthesis have been shown to participate in cellular apoptosis, but its role in PM2.5 exposure induced neuronal apoptosis was rarely reported. To better understand contribution of AMD1 activity and spermidine in PM2.5 exposure induced neuronal apoptosis, may provide novel therapeutic and preventive targets for air pollution associated neurodegenerative diseases.Methods: In the current work, sixteen C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into ambient PM2.5 chamber or filtered air chamber, and the mouse model of whole-body ambient PM2.5 chronic exposure was established. Behavioral and cognitive ability, together with corresponding biomedical index were recorded and tested to evaluated neurotoxicity by PM2.5 exposure in mice. In parallel, PC12 cells and primary hippocampal neurons were applied for PM2.5 treatment to explore the possible cellular and molecular mechanism which may be critically involved in the process. AMD1 activity and cellular spermidine content were modulated by pharmacological approach to examine their participation in PM2.5 triggered neuronal apoptosis, followed by better examination of typical index for mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway signaling.Results: Chronic ambient PM2.5 exposure attenuated spatial learning and memory ability, and triggered neuronal apoptosis together with increased expression of apoptosis-related Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. PM2.5 exposure impaired AMD1 expression and spermidine synthesis. AMD1 inhibition could mimick PM2.5 exposure induced neuronal apoptosis. Spermidine supplementation rescued against neurotoxicity and inhibited PM2.5 induced apoptosis, in which mitochondrial pathway signaling.Conclusions: Chronic real-time exposure to ambient PM2.5 led to the reduced the ability of spatial learning and memory in mice. Neuronal apoptosis was the key event in the process of neurodegenerative development induced by PM2.5 exposure. AMD1 and spermidine participated in neuronal apoptosis induced by PM2.5 exposure, which was at least partially dependent on mitochondria mediated pathway.
Effect of Under Triage on Early Mortality After Major Pediatric Trauma: A Registry-based Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Ageron François-Xavier , Porteaud Jordan , Evain Jean-Noël , Millet Anne , Greze Jules , Vallot Cécile , Levrat Albrice , Mortamet Guillaume , Bouzat Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Backgroundlittle is known about the effect of under triage on early mortality in trauma in a pediatric population. Our objective is to describe the effect of under triage on 24 hour-mortality after major pediatric trauma in a regional trauma systemMethodsThis cohort study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2017. Data were obtained from the registry of the Northern French Alps Trauma System. The network guidelines triage pediatric trauma patients according to an algorithm shared with adult patients. Under triage was defined by the number of pediatric trauma patients that required specialized trauma care transported to a non-level I pediatric trauma center on the total number of injured patients with critical resource use. The effect of under triage on 24 hour-mortality was assessed with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) and a propensity score (Ps) matching analysis. ResultsA total of 1 143 pediatric patients were included (mean [SD], age 10 [5] years), mainly after a blunt trauma (1130 [99%]). Of the children, 402 (35%) had an ISS higher than 15 and 547 (48%) required specialized trauma care. Nineteen (1.7%) patients died within 24 hours. Under triage rate was 33% based on the need of specialized trauma care. Under triage of children requiring specialized trauma care increased the risk of death in IPTW (risk difference: 6.0 [95% CI 1.3-10.7]) and Ps matching analyses (risk difference: 3.1 [95% CI 0.8-5.4]).ConclusionsIn a regional inclusive trauma system, under triage increased the risk of early death after pediatric major trauma.