bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dampak Perubahan Struktur Penguasaan Lahan dan Struktur Nafkah Pasca Ekspansi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Putri Aulia Mutiara Hatia 
Published: December 2020

Ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta pada penelitian ini dilakukan oleh perusahaan dengan cara mengkonsolidasikan lahan milik masyarakat. Legalitas lahan milik masyarakat tersebut berupa Surat Keterangan Tanah (SKT) dari pemerintah desa. Sehingga pasca konsolidasi lahan terjadi perubahan penguasaan lahan berubah dari lahan milik pribadi (masyarakat) menjadi lahan yang dikuasai penuh oleh pihak swasta. Lahan ini kemudian beralih menjadi Hak Guna Usaha (HGU) milik perusahaan dengan izin konsesi 30 tahun. Relasi produksi perusahaan-masyarakat direncanakan dilakukan dalam bentuk kemitraan dengan sistem bagi hasil sebesar 65 persen untuk perusahaan dan 35 persen hasil dari perkebunan untuk masyarakat pemilik lahan. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Desa Teritip, Kecamatan Kateman, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data kuantitatif dan wawancara mendalam untuk mendapatkan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa perubahan rezim penguasaan lahan berdampak pada struktur penguasaan lahan dan struktur nafkah rumah tangga. Mata pencaharian masyarakat kemudian banyak beralih pada sektor non farm. Sementara pendapatan sektor on farm yang diharapkan masyarakat dari lahan yang dikonsolidasikan kedalam HGU, faktanya belum memberikan kontribusi pendapatan meskipun perkebunan kelapa sawit dari lahan konsolidasi masyarakat tersebut telah berbuah dan sistem kemitraan telah disepakati. Kata Kunci : perubahan rezim kepemilikan, konsolidasi lahan,ekspansi, kelapa sawit, struktur nafkah
Psychiatric Morbidities in Patients With Primary Headache
Authors: Gautam Sanjeev Chandra , Bhattarai Yash , Singh Pradip Man 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Headache is a pain that occurs above the eyes or the ears, behind the head in the occiput or the cervical region of neck. A primary headache is a type of headache that is caused by overactivity of the problems with pain-sensitive structures in your head and is not a symptom of an underlying disease condition in a patient. This study highlights on the association of Primary Headaches with psychiatric morbidities and stressful life events that may cause or increase the severity of Primary Headache and its psychiatric co-morbidities.Descriptive, Cross-Sectional, Hospital Based study was done in 75 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for Primary Headache.

Results: Patients presenting with primary headache were of the age group 26-30(26.7%) followed by 21-25 and 31-35. 57.3% were female patients and 69.3% were married. 29.3% of the patients were housewives, 25.3% were into service and 21.4% were students. Majority of the patients had literacy upto Bachelors degree (32%). Anxiety and depression were the major diagnosis with 22.3 and 17.4 % respectively, they were also the major co-morbid conditions. Illness in the family and self or family member unemployment were the major stressful life events. There was a significant relation of Psychiatric Morbidity with Primary Headache.

Conclusion: Anxiety disorder was the major morbid and comorbid psychiatric condition found in patient with Primary Headache followed by depression. This was seen majorly in female and of the age group 26-30 years of age and the patients who were married. Thus is it is necessary to screen Primary Headaches and reduce the stressful life events in these patients and limit the consequences and outcome of Primary Headache to prosper the health and living standard of the patients and the population as a whole.
Clinical profile of end stage renal disease in patients on maintenance haemodialysis in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Dhungana Durga , Pun Chandra Bahadur , Banstola Bidhya 
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Objectives: Chronic kidney disease is an increasing health problem worldwide and the burden of such patients is increasing in developing countries like Nepal as well. The final treatment for End Stage Renal Disease is only renal replacement therapy. The objective was to study the demographic and clinical profile of patients with End Stage Renal Disease undergoing haemodialysis.
Methods: This was a prospective, observational study carried out in a tertiary hospital after obtaining ethical consent from the Institutional Review Board. The study period was from June 1st to August 31st, 2019. Thirty seven patients, older than 15 years who were on maintenance haemodialysis on regular basis in the hospital for at least 3 months were selected for the study. Patient’s records were used for the data collection as well as direct questionnaire to the patients on follow up for routine haemodialysis. Data were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21 and descriptive analysis was done.
Results: Twenty-six patients were under 50 years with male: female ratio of 1.64:1. Mean duration of haemodialysis of patients was 3.82 years. Most common cause for end stage renal disease was hypertension followed by idiopathic cause. Anaemia and hypocalcaemia were found to be the common complications associated with the patients.
Conclusions: Prevention and early treatment may be the key to decrease the incidence of chronic kidney disease patients and also halt the progression to End stage renal disease.
Robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of pediatric brainstem and thalamic lesions
Authors: Gupta Mihir , Chan Tiffany M. , Santiago-Dieppa David R. , Yekula Anudeep , Sanchez Carlos E. , Elster Jennifer D. , Crawford John R. , Levy Michael L. , Gonda David D. 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVEBiopsies of tumors located in deep midline structures require highly accurate stereotaxy to safely obtain lesional tissue suitable for molecular and histological analysis. Versatile platforms are needed to meet a broad range of technical requirements and surgeon preferences. The authors present their institutional experience with the robotic stereotactic assistance (ROSA) system in a series of robot-assisted biopsies of pediatric brainstem and thalamic tumors.METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed of 22 consecutive patients who underwent 23 stereotactic biopsies of brainstem or thalamic lesions using the ROSA platform at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego between December 2015 and January 2020.RESULTSThe ROSA platform enabled rapid acquisition of lesional tissue across various combinations of approaches, registration techniques, and positioning. No permanent deficits, major adverse outcomes, or deaths were encountered. One patient experienced temporary cranial neuropathy, and 3 developed small asymptomatic hematomas. The diagnostic success rate of the ROSA system was 91.3%.CONCLUSIONSRobot-assisted stereotactic biopsy of these lesions may be safely performed using the ROSA platform. This experience comprises the largest clinical series to date dedicated to robot-assisted biopsies of brainstem and diencephalic tumors.
Future of statistics for Africa: Statistics that leave no one behind, the example of making birth registration in Nigeria more inclusive
Authors: Oladiji Sharon 
Published: December 2020

The RapidSMS is an online database system which was introduced in Nigeria in 2011 as an open source software tool for monitoring birth registration process. The innovation allows real-time tracking of the local government and regional birth registration activities with the core machinery being registration at the local levels. Birth registrars are reporting aggregated numbers and registration disaggregated in four age groups [Formula: see text] 1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–17 by sex, geographical location and by registration centre. The center-by-center data collection mechanism reflects the children’s population data indicating where birth registration coverage varies substantially between states and in some cases between local government/community setting. The dashboard is helping to identify where non-registered children likely account for some of the most excluded and vulnerable children in Nigerian communities and where rates are often lowest for such children. These statistics are mostly found in rural areas, from poor families and with parents who have minimal or no formal education. The innovation (with its functionality improved on consistent basis) is helping to identify disparities in service delivery and facilitating prompt, evidence-based responses to areas where birth registration levels are low. It is assisting with tracking the trend of registration that will help the country reach the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – birth registration-goal 16.9 by 2030. Specific focus is on how the dashboard is helping to improve data acquisition and analysis including registration coverage and not just registration events. The write up further explores how the RapidSMS is providing a platform for real-time analysis of decentralized birth registration data as an essential information for understanding efficient service delivery, improved local level registration and developing specific solutions where state level analysis and solutions are often too broad.
The Role of Tungku Tigo Sajarangan in The Community Development Planning of Minangkabau, Indonesia
Authors: Ardieansyah Ardieansyah , Meiyenti Ira , Mulya Nalien Elvira , Sentosa Ilham 
Published: December 2020

Tungku Tigo Sajarangan holds a vital role in the deliberation process of the development in the Minangkabau community, regardless of the lack of synergy. This study aims to analyze and describe the position of this customary institution in the development planning of Bukik Batabuah Nagari in Candung District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province. The qualitative methods used in the data collection were semi-structured interview techniques comprising 20 informants, as well as field observations and documentation. Subsequently, the results showed that there was synergy from the perspective of individual and behavioral dimensions. Although this synergy was not observed from the position dimension, especially the Cadiak Pandai element, it can still be overcome by mutual control. Concerning the dimensions of the relationship with other parties, Tungku Tigo Sajarangan remains active and participates in providing recommendations and opinions. This activity was observed even though no village regulation came from the Bamus Nagari initiative in implementing the village administration. Consequently, it was concluded that Tungku Tigo Sajarangan has played an active role in the planning process for the development of Bukik Batabuah Nagari. Also, the research recommended that the leadership system should act as a civil society to participate consistently and supervise the policies of the Bukik Batabuah Nagari government, with good synergy and coordination between all related elements.
A comparative study of charge trapping effect in p-type MoTe2 and WSe2 FETs using pulsed current–voltage measurements
Authors: Yang Jeong Yong , Lee Chan Ho , Oh Young Taek , Ma Jiyeon , Heo Junseok , Yoo Geonwook 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
P-type semiconductors are indispensable for achieving complementary metal oxide semiconductor and integrated circuits based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, and tungsten diselenide (WSe2) and molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) are the promising channel materials for PMOS. In this work, we report on the charge trapping effects on hysteretic behavior and field-effect mobility (μ
FE) of the p-type WSe2 and MoTe2 FETs using fast pulsed current–voltage (I–V) measurements. The hysteresis is reduced by nearly 98% via ramped pulsed measurements, and μ
FE is significantly enhanced via single pulse measurements by minimizing the charge trapping. Moreover, WSe2 FETs are found to be more susceptible to the charge trapping effects compared with MoTe2 FETs; WSe2 FETs exhibit more pronounced enhancement of μ
FE and reduction of hysteresis. The intrinsic electrical characteristics of p-type 2D FETs under minimized charge trapping conditions can be investigated using the pulsed I–V characterizations.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA HÀM LƯỢNG NƯỚC VÀ THỜI GIAN TRÊN HIỆU SUẤT TRÍCH LI TINH DẦU RAU OM (LIMNOPHILA AROMATICA)
Authors: DIỄM ĐỖ QUÝ , THỊ THU SƯƠNG NGUYỄN 
Published: December 2020

Tinh dầu rau om (LAEO) đƣợc trích li bằng phương pháp chưng cất hơi nước. Nước cất và dung dịch muối NaCl được sử dụng làm dung môi trích li. Tỉ lệ khối lượng nguyên liệu và dung môi được thay đổi lần lượt là 1:10, 1:12, 1:14. Thời gian khảo sát từ 5 phút đến 240 phút. Nồng độ phần trăm khối lượng muối NaCl được khảo sát lần lượt là 2%, 3%, và 5%. Kết quả khảo sát cho thấy nếu có sử dụng thêm muối NaCl thì thời gian trích li ngắn hơn. Điều kiện tối ưu cho quá trình trích li LAEO có được khi dùng dung dịch muối NaCl 2%, tỉ lệ khối lượng nguyên liệu và dung dịch muối 1:12, thời gian trích li là 105 phút. LAEO có tỷ trọng là 0,8411 g/ml; chiết suất là 1,4721; độ tan trong etanol 90o là 1:6; chỉ số axit là 5,61; chỉ số xà phòng là 30,29; chỉ số ester là 24,68. Hàm lượng limonen trong tinh dầu rau ngò ôm là 30,28%.
TÁC DỤNG CỦA DỊCH CHIẾT VỎ QUẢ ANNONA SQUAMOSA L. TRONG PHÒNG VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM KHỚP DẠNG THẤP TRÊN CHUỘT
Authors: THỊ PHƯƠNG NHUNG TRẦN , THỊ TRANG NGUYỄN , THỊ HẢI YẾN TRẦN , THỊ MINH TRANG TRẦN , THỊ THU THUỶ NGUYỄN , THỊ THU THẢO DƯƠNG , THỊ THẢO VY TRẦN , THANH THUẬN NGUYỄN , THỊ THÙY DƯƠNG TỐNG , THỊ THANH THANH HỒ , THƯỢNG PHÚ LÂM , THỊ BẠCH TRANG NGUYỄN , PHÚ TÀI ĐẶNG , THỊ HOÀNG MẾN LÂM , THỊ LUẬN HÀ , NGỌC THANH TÚ NGUYỄN , QUANG TIẾN PHẠM , LỆ BÌNH CHÂU 
Published: December 2020

Annona squamosa là loại cây ăn quả nhiệt đới, thuộc họ Annonaceae, rất phổ biến ở Việt Nam. Chiết xuất ethanol từ vỏ quả Annona squamosa (AS) có chứa phenolic, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoid, saponin, steroid, terpenoids, acid kaurenoic có khả năng chống oxy hóa, kháng khuẩn, kháng viêm [1,2]. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi thiết lập mô hình gây bệnh viêm khớp dạng thấp trên chuột với FCA và đánh giá hiệu quả của dịch chiết vỏ quả AS trong phòng và điều trị bệnh. Sau 14 tuần thí nghiệm, tác dụng của dịch chiết vỏ quả AS (400mg/kg thể trọng) đã làm thay đổi trọng lượng cơ thể, trọng lượng tuyến ức và lá lách, số lượng WBC, RF, CRP trong máu, đường kính khớp, nhiệt độ bàn chân, thể tích cẳng chân của chuột bị bệnh. Phân tích mô học sụn khớp cho thấy tác dụng của dịch chiết AS đã ức chế sự xâm lấn của tế bào miễn dịch vào chất nền khớp, làm giảm sự hình thành mảng sợi và phục hồi cấu trúc màng sụn. Do đó, chiết xuất ethanol vỏ quả AS giúp ngăn ngừa sự phát triển tế bào viêm trong viêm khớp dạng thấp, tăng số lượng bạch cầu và tăng khả năng miễn dịch của cơ thể.
XÁC ĐỊNH MÃ VẠCH DNA, THÀNH PHẦN HÓA HỌC VÀ KHẢ NĂNG KHÁNG KHUẨN TỪ CAO CHIẾT ETHANOL CỦA PHÂN LOÀI JASMINUM ANNAMENSE SUBSP. ANNAMENSE (HỌ OLEACEAE)
Authors: SAO MAI ĐÀM , THỊ QUỲNH HOA NGUYỄN , VĂN SƠN LÊ , VĂN DŨNG NGUYỄN , HỒNG THIỆN* VĂN 
Published: December 2020

Jasminum annamense subsp. annamense là một phân loài hiếm trong họ Nhài (Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link). Nghiên cứu này lần đầu tiên khuếch đại và giải trình tự thành công vùng trình tự ITS, qua đó đã xác định được vị trí phân loại cũng như so sánh sự khác biệt trong đặc điểm di truyền giữa phân loài J. annamense subsp. annamense và J. annamense subsp. glabrescens vốn có đặc điểm hình thái tương tự và rất khó phân biệt. Bằng phương pháp phương pháp sắc ký ghép khối phổ (LC/MS), nghiên cứu này đã xác định được có 7 hợp chất hóa học trong cao chiết ethanol ly trích từ thân và lá của phân loài J. annamense subsp. annamense gồm: β-D-xylose, jasmolactone A, jasmolactone B, jasmolactone C, heptacosane, (Z)-8-dehydromelissic acid và 10-hydroxyloeuropein. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu này cũng cho thấy, cao chiết ethanol ly trích từ thân và lá của phân loài J. annamense subsp. annamense cho khả năng kháng lại 2 chủng vi khuẩn gây bệnh là Bacillus cereus và Salmonella typhimurium.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Pada Anak Usia Dini (Penelitian di Raudhatul Atfaal Nurul Ikhlas Depok)
Authors: Djuanda Isep , Maryliana Hikmah 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to perceive the implementation of character education for young learners in RA Nurul Ikhlas and discover the supporting factors and obstacles in implementing the program.
Conducted using a qualitative method, the study resulted in the findings of definitions, concepts, characteristics, and phenomena on the implementation of character education for young learners in RA Nurul Ikhlas. The data was collected by observation, interview, and document analysis. The data analysis was conducted by applying Miles and Hubermen’ theory, which consisted of data reduction activity, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.
The findings showed that: 1) Character education implementation in RA Nurul Ikhlas was conducted by scheduled activities, habits and merits, and learning by playing approach. Character education curriculum based on 9 character-pillars with center and circle learning model as well as various methods and evaluation: 2) the supporting factors for implementing character education are lesson plans integrated with character values, teachers’ competences, and school support. Meanwhile, the obstacles that hindered the implementation are as follows: a. the harmony between schools and homes in applying characters values are not favorable, b. less-conducive environment, c. uncontrolled or less-educated use of gadget, television, and internet
Biology and Morphometrics of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) on Chickpea
Authors: Sathish K. , Jaba J. , Katlam B. P. , Vishal A. , Mishra S. P. , Rana D. K. 
Published: December 2020

The biology and morphometrics of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis were studied on chickpea cultivar ICCV 2 under laboratory conditions at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Telangana, India during 2018-19 and 2019-2020. The experiments were carried out in the BOD incubator at temperature of 28 ± 2ºC and relative humidity of 65 to 70%. The life cycle of C. chinensis included four stages egg, grub, pupae and adult. The data revealed that eggs incubation period in 4-5 days, the grub stage consisted of four instars and its development ranged from 20-25 days, pupation lasted for 6-7 days, whereas, female adult longevity ranged from 9-12 days. The morphometric measurements revealed that the average length and breadth of eggs were 0.62 ± 0.03mm and 0.34 ± 0.02 mm respectively. The length and breadth (mm) of four grub instars G1, G2, G3 and G4 were 0.58 ± 0.02 and 0.30 ± 0.01, 1.53 ± 0.06 and 0.92 ± 0.04, 2.71 ± 0.10 and 1.47 ± 0.06, 3.59 ± 0.14 and 1.96 ± 0.08 respectively. The average length and breadth of pupa were 3.72 ± 0.12 mm, 2.15 ± 0.09 mm. Whereas, the length and breadth (mm) of adult male and female bruchids were 3.87 ± 0.08, 2.07 ± 0.05 and 4.23 ± 0.14, 2.31 ± 0.07 respectively. The total life cycle of C. chinensis ranged from 33-42 days.
Pulmonary hypertension, cardiac disease and pregnancy
Authors: Tahir H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To ascertain the significance of coexisting pulmonary hypertension in cardiac disease in pregnancy. Methods: Over a 3‐year period a group of pregnant women with cardiac disease was followed until 6 weeks postpartum. Twenty women with pulmonary hypertension were compared with 20 controls without pulmonary hypertension with particular reference to maternal and fetal outcome. Analysis of data was carried out using Fisher's exact test and Student's t‐test. Results: Except for Eisenmenger's syndrome, there were no differences in maternal morbidity and mortality between the two groups. There were more low birth weight babies but no significant differences in premature delivery rate, mode of delivery or perinatal mortality. Conclusion: Except for Eisenmenger's syndrome, coexisting pulmonary hypertension complicating cardiac disease in pregnancy generally has a favorable outcome for both mother and fetus.
Infertility in American college alumnae
Authors: Wyshak G 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The objective of this paper is to present data on prevalence of infertility, causes and treatments based on self‐reports of a sample of American college alumnae. Methods: A sample of 3940 American college alumnae, ages 37 to over 70 years, completed a self‐administered questionnaire relating to infertility, its causes, treatment and treatment outcomes. Results: Of the entire sample (n=3940), 3.1% (n=121) had primary infertility; 14.0% (n=548) had secondary infertility and were treated; 4.7% (n=184) tried for more than 1 year without success but had pregnancies without treatment; and 62.4% had no problems with infertility; and 16% (n=616) did not try to get pregnant. The major causes were ‘unexplained infertility’ reported by 43.5%; low sperm count or low motility, 21.4%; and anovulatory cycles, 20.3%. Treatment by clomid was reported by 39.5%. The overall success rate, resulting from treatment was 45%. The highest success rate occurred when anovulatory cycles were treated with clomid. Conclusion: Prevalence of primary and secondary infertility in this sample of American women is approximately 17%, similar to that observed for Sub‐Saharan Africa.
Riding the yield curve: Term premiums and excess returns
Authors: Pelaez Rolando F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractRiding the yield curve is an active portfolio strategy consisting of buying bonds with maturities longer than one's holding period and selling before maturity. The objective is to profit from a higher initial yield and a possible capital gain as the bond “rides” down an upward sloping yield curve. The evidence presented in this paper shows that compared with the buy‐and‐hold, 1‐year rides with 2‐year Treasury securities produce higher average returns, but do not yield excess risk‐adjusted returns. Incremental returns from riding represent term premiums, instead of pure profits. These findings are consistent with the liquidity premium theory of the term structure.
Effects of systematic education on heart failure patients' knowledge after 6 months. A randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Linné A. Björck , Liedholm H. , Israelsson B. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:Many procedures for patient education are introduced in clinical practice without proper evaluation in randomised trials.Aims:To compare systematic nurse and pharmacist led education including an interactive Kodak Photo‐CD Portfolio technique with conventional information regarding heart failure patients' knowledge.Methods:One hundred and thirty heart failure patients discharged from hospital were randomised to receive either conventional information or additional structured education with a follow‐up of 6 months. Difference in knowledge was tested by questionnaire after 6 months.Results:At the end of the study there was a significant difference in the intervention group (n = 50) compared to the control group (n = 58) regarding knowledge as tested by a questionnaire. Of maximal 28 points the intervention group attained 17.2 points (mean) and the control group 14.3 points (mean), 95% confidence interval for difference 1.0–4.7 points (P = 0.0051).Conclusions:Two to 3 hours of systematic education improved heart failure patients' knowledge on essential issues. High age does not preclude the introduction of a new technique for patient education.
Prevention Through Design
Authors: Popov Georgi , Lyon Bruce , Popov Tsvetan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
One of the most effective ways to reduce occupational risk is to avoid the introduction of hazards into the workplace. It is vitally important to manage workplace risks from the beginning stages of design throughout a system's life span to decommission and disposal. The process of anticipating, identifying, assessing, and controls hazards and their risks during design and throughout the life‐cycle of a system is known as prevention through design.