bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine for Disparity Patients With Diabetes: The Feasibility of Utilizing Telehealth in the Management of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes in Black and Hispanic Disparity Patients; A Pilot Study
Authors: Myers Alyson , Presswala Lubaina , Bissoonauth Aditya , Gulati Neha , Zhang Meng , Izard Stephanie , Kozikowski Andrzej , Meyers Kerry , Pekmezaris Renee 
Published: August 2020

Background: Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) patients bear a disproportionate burden of type 2 diabetes and associated complications. Regular visits to a primary care doctor or diabetes specialist are warranted to maintain glycemic control, but for a myriad of reasons disparity populations may have difficulties receiving diabetes care. We seek to determine the feasibility of telehealth added to care as usual and secondarily to improve health outcomes (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) in NHB and H/L with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes managed with two or three noninsulin agents. Methods: Twenty-nine patients were randomized to monthly phone calls or weekly to biweekly telehealth visits. Feasibility outcomes were summarized descriptively for the telehealth arm. Differences scores for A1C level and surveys were computed between baseline and three months and compared across arms using a two-sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Patients in the telehealth arm completed a median of eight visits (IQR: 5, 8), and 53% of those in the telephone arm completed 100% of their calls. Change in HbA1c was greater for those in the telephone arm (−2.57 vs −2.07%, P = .70) but the mean baseline HbA1c was higher in the telephone group (11.1% vs 10.3%). Although the change in HbA1c was not statistically different across arms, it was clinically significant. Conclusions: Augmenting care as usual with telehealth provided by telephone or tablet can be of benefit in improving glycemic control in NHB and H/L with type 2 diabetes. Larger studies need to explore this further.
Mental Health Burden of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Germany: Predictors of Mental Health Impairment
Authors: Bäuerle Alexander , Steinbach Jasmin , Schweda Adam , Beckord Jil , Hetkamp Madeleine , Weismüller Benjamin , Kohler Hannah , Musche Venja , Dörrie Nora , Teufel Martin , Skoda Eva-Maria 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 is causing an enormous psychological burden for most people. This study aims to assess individual changes in mental health and health status before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to explore potential predictors of change. Methods: A cross-sectional study in Germany (n = 15 037) were conducted. Demographics, depression and anxiety symptoms (PHQ-2, GAD-2), distress (DT), and health status (EQ-5D-3L) were assessed. Additionally, all instruments used were adapted to measure the participants’ mental health and health status before the COVID-19 outbreak. COVID-19-related fear, trust in governmental actions to face COVID-19, and the subjective level of information about COVID-19 were examined. Results: Overall, the participants showed a significant increase in depression and anxiety symptoms, and distress, while health status deteriorated since the COVID-19 outbreak. Impairment in mental health was predicted by COVID-19-related fear. Pre-existing mental illness predicted an increase in depression symptoms and a deterioration in health status. Trust in governmental actions and the subjective level of information predicted less increase in psychological burden. Conclusions: Our data revealed that there have been changes in mental health and health status at an individual level since the outbreak of COVID-19. In order to maintain mental health, the observed predictors should be addressed.
Referral systems for preterm, low birth weight, and sick newborns in Ethiopia: a qualitative assessment
Authors: Teklu Alula M. , Litch James A. , Tesfahun Alemu , Wolka Eskinder , Tuamay Berhe Dessalegn , Gidey Hagos , Cheru Wondimye Ashenafi , Senturia Kirsten , Gezahegn Wendemaghen ,   And the Every Preemie–SCALE Ethiopia Implementation Research Collaboration Group, Hailu Tedros , Jebessa Solomie , Kahsay Amaha , Kuti Kemal A. , Levine Gillian , Robb-McCord Judith , Tadesse Yared , Tariku Abraham , Usman Abubeker Kedir , Weldetsadik Abate Yeshidinber 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
A responsive and well-functioning newborn referral system is a cornerstone to the continuum of child health care; however, health system and client-related barriers negatively impact the referral system. Due to the complexity and multifaceted nature of newborn referral processes, studies on newborn referral systems have been limited. The objective of this study was to assess the barriers for effective functioning of the referral system for preterm, low birth weight, and sick newborns across the primary health care units in 3 contrasting regions of Ethiopia.

Methods
A qualitative assessment using interviews with mothers of preterm, low birth weight, and sick newborns, interviews with facility leaders, and focus group discussions with health care providers was conducted in selected health facilities. Data were coded using an iteratively developed codebook and synthesized using thematic content analysis.

Results
Gaps and barriers in the newborn referral system were identified in 3 areas: transport and referral communication; availability of, and adherence to newborn referral protocols; and family reluctance or refusal of newborn referral. Specifically, the most commonly noted barriers in both urban and rural settings were lack of ambulance, uncoordinated referral and return referral communications between providers and between facilities, unavailability or non-adherence to newborn referral protocols, family fear of the unknown, expectation of infant death despite referral, and patient costs related to referral.

Conclusions
As the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health focuses on averting early child deaths, government investments in newborn referral systems and standardizing referral and return referral communication are urgently needed. A complimentary approach is to lessen referral overload at higher-level facilities through improvements in the scope and quality of services at lower health system tiers to provide basic and advanced newborn care.
Circulating FABP4, nesfatin-1, and osteocalcin concentrations in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Jianran , Zhang Dai , Xu Jiang , Chen Chao , Deng Datong , Pan Faming , Dong Lin , Li Sumei , Ye Shandong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies have investigated the circulating adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), nesfatin-1, and osteocalcin (OC) concentrations in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the findings prove to be conflicting. The objective of this research was to systematically assess the relationship of circulating levels of above adipokines with GDM.MethodsPubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, OVID, and Scopus were performed to locate articles published up to January 31, 2020. Pooled standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and 95% predictive intervals (PIs) were calculated by random-effects models to compare levels of adipokines between GDM cases and control groups. Cumulative and single-arm meta-analyses were also performed.ResultsThirty-one studies comprising 4590 participants were included. No significant differences were found between GDM women and healthy controls in circulating nesfatin-1 levels (4.56 vs. 5.02 ng/mL; SMD = − 0.11, 95% CI -0.61–0.38, 95% PI -1.63–1.41). Nevertheless, circulating FABP4 and OC levels observed in GDM women outnumbered normal controls (FABP4, 23.68 vs. 16.04 ng/mL; SMD = 2.99, 95% CI 2.28–3.69, 95% PI 0.28–5.71; OC, 52.34 vs. 51.04 ng/mL; SMD = 0.68, 95% CI 0.31–1.05, 95% PI -0.48–1.84). The cumulative meta-analysis showed that the SMDs of circulating FABP4 and OC levels had stabilized between the two groups.ConclusionsElevated circulating FABP4 and OC levels were observed in GDM women, but nesfatin-1 levels did not change, the PI of OC crossed the no-effect threshold. The results suggested that FABP4 is more suitable as a biomarker of GDM compared to OC in a future study, which is useful in identifying pregnant women who are likely to develop GDM and providing prompt management strategies.
Atherogenic index of plasma is associated with the severity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: a case-control study
Authors: Hernández José L. , Baldeón Cristina , López-Sundh Ana E. , Ocejo-Vinyals J. Gonzalo , Blanco Ricardo , González-López Marcos A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with several comorbidities and vascular risk factors, such as dyslipidemia. The present study aimed to assess the possible associations between the lipid profile and atherogenic indexes and the severity of HS.

Methods
This case-control study enrolled 78 HS patients and 62 healthy controls. Classic lipid profile and lipoprotein ratios, including the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), were evaluated. The severity of HS was measured by the HS Physician Global Assessment (PGA).

Results
HS-patients had lower serum total cholesterol and HDL-C levels and higher AIP than the control group. AIP was positively correlated to BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, triglycerides, non-HDL-C, ApoB, HOMA, and hs-CRP and negatively to HDL-C and ApoA1. For the overall lipid profile, only AIP was related to a more severe HS (PGA ≥ 3) after controlling for age, sex, BMI, insulin resistance (IR), active smoking, and statin use (r = 0.268; p = 0.023). Multiple logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, BMI, IR, smoking status and statin use, showed that AIP ≥ 0.11 was significantly associated with the severity of HS (OR, 4.38; CI 95%, 1.09–17.50; p = 0.037).

Conclusions
In conclusion, these results showed that AIP is significantly and independently associated with HS severity.
Activation of the executioner caspases-3 and -7 promotes microglial pyroptosis in models of multiple sclerosis
Authors: McKenzie Brienne A. , Fernandes Jason P. , Doan Matthew A. L. , Schmitt Laura M. , Branton William G. , Power Christopher 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Pyroptosis is a type of proinflammatory regulated cell death (RCD) in which caspase-1 proteolytically cleaves gasdermin D (GSDMD) to yield a cytotoxic pore-forming protein. Recent studies have suggested that additional cell death pathways may interact with GSDMD under certain circumstances to execute pyroptosis. Microglia/macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) undergo GSDMD-associated pyroptosis in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) but the contribution of other cell death pathways to this phenomenon is unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that multiple RCD pathways underlie microglial pyroptosis in the context of neuroinflammation.

Methods
A siRNA screen of genes with known RCD functions was performed in primary human microglia to evaluate their role in nigericin-induced pyroptosis using supernatant lactate dehydrogenase activity as a read-out of cell lysis. Activation of apoptotic executioner proteins and their contribution to pyroptosis was assessed using semi-quantitative confocal microscopy, high-sensitivity ELISA, immunoblot, cell lysis assays, and activity-based fluorescent probes. Quantification of pyroptosis-related protein expression was performed in CNS lesions from patients with progressive MS and mice with MOG35-55-induced EAE, and in matched controls.

Results
Among progressive MS patients, activated caspase-3 was detected in GSDMD immunopositive pyroptotic microglia/macrophages within demyelinating lesions. In the siRNA screen, suppression of caspase-3/7, caspase-1, or GSDMD expression prevented plasma membrane rupture during pyroptosis. Upon exposure to pyroptotic stimuli (ATP or nigericin), human microglia displayed caspase-3/7 activation and cleavage of caspase-3/7-specific substrates (e.g., DFF45, ROCK1, and PARP), with accompanying features of pyroptosis including GSDMD immunopositive pyroptotic bodies, IL-1β release, and membrane rupture. Pyroptosis-associated nuclear condensation and pyroptotic body formation were suppressed by caspase-3/7 inhibition. Pharmacological and siRNA-mediated inhibition of caspase-1 diminished caspase-3/7 activation during pyroptosis. In mice with EAE-associated neurological deficits, activated caspase-3 colocalized with GSDMD immunopositivity in lesion-associated macrophages/microglia.

Conclusions
Activation of executioner caspases-3/7, widely considered key mediators of apoptosis, contributed to GSDMD-associated microglial pyroptosis under neuroinflammatory conditions. Collectively, these observations highlight the convergence of different cell death pathways during neuroinflammation and offer new therapeutic opportunities in neuroinflammatory disease.
Serum amyloid A inhibits astrocyte migration via activating p38 MAPK
Authors: Lin Aihua , Liu Jin , Gong Ping , Chen Yanqing , Zhang Haibo , Zhang Yan , Yu Yang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The accumulation of astrocytes around senile plaques is one of the pathological characteristics in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Serum amyloid A (SAA), known as a major acute-phase protein, colocalizes with senile plaques in AD patients. Here, we demonstrate the role of SAA in astrocyte migration.

Methods
The effects of SAA on astrocyte activation and accumulation around amyloid β (Aβ) deposits were detected in APP/PS1 transgenic mice mated with Saa3−/− mice. SAA expression, astrocyte activation, and colocalization with Aβ deposits were evaluated in mice using immunofluorescence staining and/or Western blotting. The migration of primary cultures of mouse astrocytes and human glioma U251 cells was examined using Boyden chamber assay and scratch-would assay. The actin and microtubule networks, protrusion formation, and Golgi apparatus location in astrocytes were determined using scratch-would assay and immunofluorescence staining.

Results
Saa3 expression was significantly induced in aged APP/PS1 transgenic mouse brain. Saa3 deficiency exacerbated astrocyte activation and increased the number of astrocytes around Aβ deposits in APP/PS1 mice. In vitro studies demonstrated that SAA inhibited the migration of primary cultures of astrocytes and U251 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that SAA inhibited astrocyte polarization and protrusion formation via disrupting actin and microtubule reorganization and Golgi reorientation. Inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway abolished the suppression of SAA on astrocyte migration and polarization.

Conclusions
These results suggest that increased SAA in the brain of APP/PS1 mice inhibits the migration of astrocytes to amyloid plaques by activating the p38 MAPK pathway.
Comorbidities and HCV coinfection in the management of HIV+ patients: evidence from the Italian clinical practice
Authors: Garagiola Elisabetta , Foglia Emanuela , Ferrario Lucrezia , Meraviglia Paola , Tebini Alessandro , Menzaghi Barbara , Atzori Chiara , Rizzardini Giuliano , Bini Teresa , D’Arminio Monforte Antonella , Croce Davide 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Since HIV+ treatment has become more effective, the average age of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) has increased, and consequently the incidence of developing comorbidities, making the clinical and economic management of HIV+ patients more complex. Limited literature exists regarding the management of comorbidities costs. This study is aimed at defining and comparing the total annual costs of comorbidities, in an Italian cohort of HIV and HIV/HCV patients, from the National Healthcare Service perspective. The authors hypothesised that there are higher costs, for patients with multiple comorbidities, and a greater consumption of resources for HIV/HCV co-infected patients versus HIV mono-infected patients.

Methods
An observational retrospective multi-centre health-economics study, enrolling HIV+ and HIV/HCV consecutive patients with at least one comorbidity, was conducted. The consecutive cases, provided by three Italian infectious diseases centres, were related to the year 2016. The enrolled patients were on a stable antiviral therapy for at least six months. Demographic and clinical information was recorded. Costs related to HIV and HCV therapies, other treatments, medical examinations, hospitalizations and outpatient visits were evaluated. Data from mono-infected and co-infected groups of patients were compared, and the statistical analysis was performed by t-tests, chi-square and ANOVA. A sub-analysis excluding HCV therapy costs, was also conducted. The hierarchical sequential linear regression model was used to explore the determinants of costs, considering the investigated comorbidities. All analyses were conducted with a significant level of 0.05.

Results
A total of 676 patients, 82% male, mean age 52, were identified and divided into groups (338 mono-infected HIV+ and 338 co-infected HIV/HCV patients), comparable in terms of age, gender, and demographic characteristics. A trend towards higher annual costs, for patients with multiple comorbidities was observed in HIV mono-infected patients (respectively € 8272.18 for patients without comorbidities and € 12,532.49 for patients with three or more comorbidities, p-value: 0.001). Excluding anti-HCV therapies costs, HIV/HCV co-infected patients generally required more resources, with statistically significant differences related to cardiovascular events (€10,116.58 vs €11,004.28, p-value: 0.001), and neurocognitive impairments events (€7706.43 vs €11,641.29 p- value: < 0.001).

Conclusions
This study provides a differentiated and comprehensive analysis of the healthcare resources needed by HIV and HIV/HCV patients with comorbidities and may contribute to the decision process of resources allocation, in the clinical management of different HIV+ patient populations.
M. Gabriela Sava Finalist of the 2020 MCDM Junior Researcher Best Paper Award
Authors: Karpak Birsen 
Published: August 2020

In April 2020, M. Gabriela Sava received the great news that her paper “An analysis of the sensitivity and stability of patients’ preferences can lead to more appropriate medical decisions,” published in Annals of Operations Research was selected as a finalist for the 2020 MCDM Junior Researcher Best Paper Award. The paper was in collaboration with Dr. Luis G. Vargas and Dr. Jerrold H. May from University of Pittsburgh and Dr. James G. Dolan from University of Rochester Medical Center. The award honors junior academic researchers and practitioners who work in the area of multi-criteria decision-making for their excellence, creativity and innovation. Gabriela was nominated for this prestigious award by the Associate Editor of the IJAHP, Dr. Birsen Karpak from Youngstown State University.
DISKURSUS FEMINISME DALAM HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM PADA SITUSWEB ISLAM INDONESIA: RESPONS KELOMPOK ISLAM KONSERVATIF DAN ISLAM MODERAT
Authors: Habudin Ihab 
Published: August 2020

This article discusses intensively the discourse between those who support and against feminism within Indonesian Muslims. The two groups are represented by almanhaj.or.id and islami.co. The author compares three fundamental aspect of feminis legal theory: the position of men and women in Islamic family law; assumptions and relationship towards men and women; and accommodation of womaen’s experiences in law. From the three fundamental aspects, the author conclude that almanhaj.or.id is a Muslims’ website which understand women as object of law which are different with men and promote conservatism and anti-feminism, while islami.co represents Muslims’ website which understand women as subject of law which are equal with men and promote moderatism and feminism in understanding of Islamic Family Law. Artikel ini mendiskusikan secara intensif diskursus antara kelompok yang mendukung dan menetang feminisme di kalangan Muslim Indonesia. Dua kelompok tersebut direpresentasikan melalui situs almanhaj.or.id dan islami.co. Penulis membandingkan tiga aspek fundamental dalam Teori Hukum Feminis, yaitu: kedudukan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam hukum keluarga Islam; asumsi dan relasi antara laki-laki dan perempuan; dan akomodasi hukum terhadap pengalaman permpuan. Dari ketiga aspek itu, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa almanhaj.or.id merupakan sebuah website Muslim yang memahami perempuan sebagai objek hukum yang berbeda dengan laki-laki dan mempromosikan konservativisme dan anti-feminisme, sementara itu islami.co merepresentasikan website Muslim yang memahami perempuan sebagai subjek hukum yang setara dengan laki-laki dan mempromosikan moderatisme dan feminisme dalam memahami hukum keluarga Islam.
Producing white comfort through “corporate cool”: Linguistic appropriation, social media, and @BrandsSayingBae
Authors: Roth-Gordon Jennifer , Harris Jessica , Zamora Stephanie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Drawing on branded tweets that linguistically appropriate slang, African American Language, and hip hop lyrics, this article examines how corporations rework black culture to create “corporate cool” as part of their advertising strategy on social media. We examine three processes that corporations engage in to associate themselves with “coolness” while managing levels of racial contact and proximity for their audience: 1) racially ambiguous voicing, 2) “bleaching” black bodies out of images, and 3) the forging of “racially tinged” intertextual connections. While previous scholarship has analyzed how acts of cultural and linguistic appropriation reap profit for white people and continue to stigmatize already racially marginalized groups, we describe how these seemingly innocent cultural and linguistic references harness a corporately constructed black cool to produce a sense of white comfort. We argue that white comfort is generated not only through the avoidance of overt references to racial conflict, as the term “white fragility” suggests, but also through well-worn, familiar, and comfortable reminders of racial difference and domination that are offered at a safe distance from actual black people and contexts of racial violence.
Modelling and analysis of chirped long-period grating inscribed in a planer optical waveguide structure for sensing applications
Authors: Mishra Adarsh Chandra , Dandapat Krishnendu , Tripathi Saurabh Mani , Lohia Pooja , Dwivedi Dilip Kumar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A chirped long-period grating inscribed in a planer optical waveguide sensor is demonstrated. The distribution of electric field within the structure has been obtained using boundary condition for the electric field equations at different dielectric boundaries. The transmission spectrum of the proposed sensor is obtained by transfer-matrix method. Further, the sensitivity for ambient refractive index and temperature has been analysed by observing the shift in resonance wavelengths. The presence of two dips in the transmission spectrum effectively doubles the sensitivity in comparison to the single resonance structure. We have achieved refractive index sensitivity of 5600 nm/RIU and temperature sensitivity of 0.8 nm/ °C, respectively.