bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Architectural characterization of Ordovician fault-controlled paleokarst carbonate reservoirs, Tahe oilfield, China
Authors: Duan Taizhong , Zhang Wenbiao , Lu Xinbian , Li Meng , Zhao Huawei , Shang Xiaofei 
Published: August 2020

Fault-controlled karst carbonate reservoirs are one of the most important reservoir types in the Tahe oilfield of the Tarim Basin. These reservoirs have a large oil reserve and belong to a strongly reconstructed reservoir type with a highly heterogeneous distribution of pores and fractures. This study characterizes a fault-controlled karst reservoir by using integrated methods, including outcrops, well logging, structure interpretation, seismic inversion, and statistical geomodeling. We have established a fault-/fracture-controlling karstic geologic model and classified the internal architectural elements so that we adopted an origin-controlled hierarchical geomodeling strategy based on the fault-controlling characteristics. The results determined that large strike-slip faults provide an important tectonic framework and that its derived fractures act as important channels and spaces for dissolution. Flower structure fault zones and the associated fractures are the main range of karst development, within which a high stress is concentrated during the strike-slip shear process with a high-density fracture development. This is the highly developed karst reservoir, which mainly is concentrated along large faults. The coexistence of fractures and karst dissolution has resulted in a complicated reservoir architecture (karst architecture), which can be classified into four types: (1) large caverns, (2) small caverns and vugs, (3) fractured zones, and (4) matrix (tight limestone). Controlled by the degree of dissolution, the karst architecture is quite different from the sedimentary facies. Large caverns are formed under the strongest degree of dissolution and are the most favorable reservoir type. Small caves and vugs are created under relatively strong dissolution; they are distributed outside large caves and also can act as favorable reservoirs. The fractured zones are not necessarily affected by strong dissolution but have high conductivity and act as important channels for fluid movement. The carbonate matrix is less reconstructed. The architecture development model of the fault-controlled karst carbonate reservoir presented a tree system, within which the karst reservoir caves are connected by the fractures and faults similar to fruits and trunks. The new geomodeling method revealed the constraining characteristics of faults, seismic attributes, and hierarchical architectural elements. Furthermore, we also have built a 3D model of the Tuoputai unit in the Tahe oilfield to show the robustness of this workflow. This research enables us to better understand the structure of fault-controlled karst reservoirs, and it could provide a specified characterization approach that is considered to be theoretically and practically useful.
The Pretender of Pitcairn Island: Joshua W. Hill – The Man Who Would be King Among the Bounty Mutineers, Tillman W. Nechtman (2018)
Authors: Lansdown Richard 
Published: August 2020

Review of: The Pretender of Pitcairn Island: Joshua W. Hill – The Man Who Would be King Among the Bounty Mutineers, Tillman W. Nechtman (2018)
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 344 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 10844 080 6 (pbk), £21.99
The Shapeshifting Crown: Locating the State in Postcolonial New Zealand, Australia, Canada and the UK, Cris Shore and David V. Williams (eds) (2019)
Authors: Wilson John F. 
Published: August 2020

Review of: The Shapeshifting Crown: Locating the State in Postcolonial New Zealand, Australia, Canada and the UK, Cris Shore and David V. Williams (eds) (2019)
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 288 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 10849 646 9 (hbk), £85
ABORSI PADA MASA IDDAH WANITA HAMIL UNTUK MEMPERCEPAT PERKAWINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Warjiyati Sri 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakPerkawinan merupakan sebuah awal antara seorang laki-laki dan wanita untuk hidup bersama yang mana perkawinan dalam sebuah negara di di atur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Perceraian merupakan salah satu bagian dalam sebuah perkawinan, karena perceraian tidak akan mungkin teradi tanpa perkawinan terlebih dahulu, perceraian merupakan akhir dari sebuah perkawinan yang mana kehidupan bersama antara suami istri telah berakhir. Dalam hal terjadinya sebuah perceraian ada sebuah masa untuk melangsungkan perkawinan yang di larang bagi si istri atau yang biasa di sebut dengan masa iddah. Iddah sendiri adalah waktu menunggu bagi seorang mantan istri yang telah di ceraikan oleh mantan suaminya, dan masa iddah wajib di jalani seorang wanita apabila ikatan perkawinannya telah terputus. Pada dasarnya bagi wanita hamil masa iddahnya adalah sampai dia melahirkan anak dalam kandungannya, dengan semakin berkembangnya kehidupan manusia maka semakin berkembang pula permasalahan yang muncul di kehidupannya salah satunya adalah tentang pengguguran kandungan (aborsi) oleh wanita hamil untuk mempercepat masa iddahnya. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan membahas bagaimana pandangan hukum islam terhadapa permasalahan mengenai pengguguran kandungan untuk mempercepat masa iddah.Kata Kunci: Pengguguran Kehamilan, Masa Iddah, Hukum IslamAbstract The Marriage is a beginning between a man and woman to live together where marriage in a country is regulated in the legislation. Divorce is one part of a marriage, because divorce will not be possible without marriage first, divorce is the end of a marriage in which the common life between husband and wife has ended. In the event of a divorce there is a period of marriage which is forbidden for the wife or what is usually called the iddah period. Iddah itself is a waiting time for an ex-wife who has been divorced by her ex-husband, and a period of iddah is obliged to be lived by a woman if the marriage bond has been broken. Basically for a pregnant woman during her iddah period is until she gives birth to a child in her womb, with the growing development of human life, the more developed problems that arise in her life, one of which is about abortion by pregnant women to speed up their iddah period. In this study the author will discuss how the views of Islamic law regarding problems regarding abortion to accelerate the period of iddah. Keywords: Abortion of Pregnancy, Idle Period, Islamic Law
Wind Tunnel Investigation into the Resistance Analysis of Slender Body Catamaran
Authors: Utama I Ketut Aria Pria , Sutiyo S , Suwasono Bagiyo 
Published: August 2020

The Wind tunnel investigation of a slender body catamaran was conducted in order to determine its resistance characteristics, namely the effect of pressure and flow velocity changes for varied hull separation. The catamaran was tested in a wind tunnel belongs to Department of Mechanical Engineering, ITS, with hull separations of S/L = 0.2 to 0.4 and variation in Reynolds numbers up to 4.46 x 105. Pressure around the hull was measured using pressure tappings and the flow velocity behind the hull was also measured using a Pitôt-static tube. The experimental study shows that the pressure coefficient decreases when the hull separation declines and conversely, the flow velocity increases. The tests demonstrated a viscous interaction between the hulls, and form factors for the monohull and catamaran are derived. The demihull exhibited a form factor (1+k) of 1.265 and in the catamaran mode, the measured form factor (1+βk) was between 1.416 and 1.403. The results are in agreement with other published data.
BUILD STUDENTS’ CHARACTER THROUGH FASTING AT MUSLIM SCHOOL
Authors: Dermawan Oki 
Published: August 2020

<p><em>Spiritual intelligence is Supposed to be the main concern in education. This is done by the teaching of religious ethical values by example from the family, school and community. through the practice of worship, Such as fasting a month in Ramadhan (Refrain from eating and drinking or anything that may nevertheless invalidate the fast, all day from dawn until sunset in the month of Ramadan). fasting, reading and understanding the holy book the Qur'an, physical and social environment conducive. when the spirituality of the students are organized, it will be Easier to organize other aspects of personality. Fasting during Ramadan is a momentum for character building. Fasting will let people have strong principles, patience, Sincerity and do not give up and have the solidarity and love each other. That principle has now started to disappear. Moment of Ramadan may also be a school agenda for character building, with this media, students are expected to remember and go back to the true identity of the sacred and sublime, with the values of humanity and wisdom. When the values of human nature come back on the track, then the equality and solidarity will color the days of the students. Fasting has a horizontal dimension with a strong social life Such as charity, served meals to the orphans, be patient in facing the problem. there are some excellent values for building the character of students. It is Appropriate if the moment of Ramadan fasting would be passed on in the schools as a program after the month of Ramadan in shaping the character of students through the activities of the sunnah fasting( not </em><em>compulsory fasting) </em><em> twice a week Monday-Thursday, or give students the freewill to negotiate to determine how many times a week or every month held sunnah fasting together, the idea of the Sunnah fasting is influence on the formation of student character effectively.</em></p>
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF DENGAN METODE TANYA JAWAB DALAM MENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Murtadlo Ali , Widhyahrini Khusna 
Published: August 2020

<p><em>The purpose of the </em><em>research was</em><em> to </em><em>knowing the</em><em> improvement of students' Learning Outcomes through Interactive Learning Model with the Question and Answer Method. Th</em><em>is is a </em><em>Classroom Action Research, consisted of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The instrument </em><em>used </em><em>is the assessment instrument for the implementation of learning, the initial test question sheet, the first cycle question sheet and second cycle. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively. The results of analysis the learning quality</em><em> data </em><em>in the first cycle </em><em>is</em><em> 88.07% classified as quality category and the second cycle of learning quality </em><em>data is</em><em> 93.03% categorized as very good. The completeness of learning outcomes in cycle 1 </em><em>is</em><em> 78.57% classified as unfinished categories and cycle 2 completeness of learning outcomes</em><em> is</em><em> 96.43% classified as complete categories. So, it can be concluded that the Interactive Learning Model by using the Question and Answer Method is proven to be able to improve students Learning Outcomes.</em></p><pre> </pre>
Immunosenescence profile and expression of the aging biomarker (p16INK4a) in testicular cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy.
Authors: Bourlon Maria Teresa , Velazquez Hugo E , Hinojosa Juan , Orozco Luis , Rios-Corzo Ricardo , Lima Guadalupe , Llorente Luis , Hernandez-Ramirez Diego F , Valentin-Cortez Francisco J , Medina-Rangel Irene , Atisha-Fregoso Yemil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytotoxic chemotherapy can cure advanced germ cell tumors. Nevertheless, cancer treatment may induce cellular senescence and accelerate molecular aging. The aging process implies an increase of cells expressing p16 INK4a and changes in lymphocyte subpopulations. Our aim was to study the potential induction of premature immunosenescence in testicular cancer survivors (TCS) exposed to chemotherapy.Methods: Case-control exploratory study of TCS treated with chemotherapy (³3 BEP cycles, disease-free ³3 months) compared with age matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. CDKN2A /p16 INK4a expression in T cells was measured using qPCR. The percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations and the CDKN2A/ p16 INK4a expression in TCS were compared with the control group using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results: We included 16 cases and 16 controls. The median age was 27 years (minimum 24, maximum 54) and the median time on surveillance was 26.5 months (minimum 3, maximum192). TCS had a lower percentage of total T cells and CD4+ T cells in total lymphocytes. Among the CD4+ T lymphocytes, TCS had less naïve CD4+ and increased memory CD4+ cells. Within the CD8+ T lymphocytes, TCS exhibited a decrease in the percentage of naïve cells and an increase in CD8+CD45RA+CD57+ cells. TCS also exhibited decreased memory CD19+ B cells compared to the controls. The relative expression of CDKN2A /p16 INK4a in T cells was increased in TCS (mean 1.54; 95% CI of the mean: 1.074-2.005; p=0.048).Conclusion: In this exploratory study, TCS showed increased expression of CDKN2A /p16 INK4a and a lymphocyte phenotype that has been associated with immunosenescence. Further studies are warranted to define the clinical implications of these alterations in TCS.
Circulating Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio at Admission Predicts the Long-Term Outcome in Acute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Patients
Authors: Zhao Jian-Lan , Lai Song-Tao , Du Zhuo-Ying , Xu Jian , Sun Yi-Rui , Yuan Qiang , Wu Xing , Li Zhi-Qi , Hu Jin , Xie Rong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The prognostic value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) for the outcome of acute cervical traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) patients has rarely been studied by now throughout the world. Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study to evaluate the prognostic value of NLR from peripheral whole blood count in patients with acute cervical tSCI. Patients within 6 hours of acute cervical tSCI treated between Dec 2008 and May 2018 in Huashan Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled. Outcomes of patients with tSCI were assessed using American spinal injury association Impairment Scale (AIS). 6-month outcomes were dichotomized into poor outcome group (AIS A to C) and good outcome group (AIS D and E). Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the independent predictors of 6-month outcome. Two prediction models based on admission characteristics were built to evaluate the prognostic value of NLR. The discriminative ability of predictive models was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC).Results: A total of 377 patients were identified from our single center in China PR. Multivariate analysis showed that age, AIS grade at admission, NLR (p<0.001) and coagulopathy (p = 0.003) were independent predictors of the 6-months outcome for acute cervical tSCI patients. The model combing NLR and standard variables (AUC=0.944; 95% CI, 0.923-0.964) showed a more favorable prognostic value than that without NLR (AUC=0.841; 95% CI, 0.798-0.885) in terms of 6-month outcome.Conclusions: NLR is firstly identified as an independent predictor of the 6-month outcome in acute cervical tSCI patients worldwide. The prognostic value of NLR is favorable, and a high NLR is associated with poor outcome in patients with acute cervical tSCI.
The Effect of On-site CT-derived Fractional Flow Reserve on the Management of Decision Making for Patients with Stable Chest Pain (TARGET Trial): Objective, Rationale and Design
Authors: yang junjie , shan dongkai , wang zhiqiang , dong mei , ma xiang , hu xinyang , zeng hesong , chen yundai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The diagnostic accuracy of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in clinical application has been well validated. This advanced technology focus on evaluating anatomical stenosis and functional ischemia simultaneously. However, the effect of CT-FFR on the management of decision making has not been fully evaluated in randomized controlled design. Method/design: TARGET study is a pragmatic, multicentre, prospective, open-label and randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of a CCTA/CT-FFR strategy (Group A) versus usual care (Group B) on intermediate-to-high risk patients with suspected CAD who undergo clinically indicated diagnostic evaluation. A total sample size of 1216 subjects will be enrolled and followed up for 12 months. This study will be performed in 6 Chinese hospitals, and the primary endpoint is the planned ICA without significant obstructive CAD within 90 days. The secondary endpoints include MACE, quality of life, medical expenditure, and cumulative radiation exposure during 1-year follow-up.Disscusion: The study will provide information to patients, health care providers and other stakeholders in China about which strategy could be more effective in the management of intermediate-to-high risk patients with suspect CAD.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03901326, Registered on 03 April 2019.
Alpha Thalassemia Genotypes in Kuwait
Authors: Adekile Adekunle , Sukumaran Jalaja , Thomas Diana , De Souza Thomas , Haider Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The frequency of alpha thalassemia trait is about 40% in the Kuwaiti population, but there has been no comprehensive study of the prevalent alleles. This is a report of the patients who were referred for molecular diagnosis over a 20-year period. Methods: This is a retrospective study of the a-globin genotypes obtained in the Hemoglobin Research Laboratory of the Department of Pediatrics, Kuwait University from 1994 to 2015. Genotyping was by a combination of PCR, allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization and reverse dot-blot hybridization (Vienna Lab Strip Assay). Results: Four hundred samples were characterized and analyzed from individuals aged <1 month to 80 years, with a median of 6 years from 283 unrelated families.. Most (90.8%) were Kuwaiti nationals. The common genotype was homozygosity for the polyadenylation-1 mutation (α PA-1 α/α PA-1 α) in 33.3%, followed by heterozygosity (αα/α PA-1 α) for the same mutation in 32.3%. The PA-1 was therefore the most frequent allele (0.59). The frequency of the α 0 , – MED was 0.017. Rare alleles that were found in very low frequencies included the α 0 (-- FIL ) in a Filipino child, Hb Constant Spring, Hb Adana, and Hb Icaria. Conclusion : There is a wide variety of alpha thalassemia alleles among Kuwaitis, but the nondeletional PA-1 is by far the most common cause of moderate to severe HbH (β4 tetramer), disease phenotype. The α 0 (– MED ) allele is also encountered, which has implications for pre-marital counselling especially the possibility of having babies with alpha thalassemia major (Barts hydrops fetalis).
Dietary patterns of Chinese women of childbearing age during pregnancy and their relationship to the neonatal birth weight
Authors: Yan Hui , Dang Shaonong , Zhang Yaodong , Luo Shuying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: To examine the type of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the distribution characteristics of children's birth weight and the association between dietary patterns and neonatal birth weight in China. Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional program named “The prevalence and risk factors of birth defects in Shaanxi Province” in July to November in 2013. A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select women and their children. The mother's diet during pregnancy was investigated using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to collect the frequency and amount of food consumption, and the newborn birth weight as well as related social demographic information was collected at the same time. In our study, 0-1 year old children and their mothers with complete dietary survey data were selected as research objects. The main dietary patterns were identified according to factor analysis, and latent class analysis (LCA) was used to investigate the social demographic factors affecting dietary patterns. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association between birth weight and maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy by establishing three adjusting models and the data were stratified for further analysis by urban-rural and regions.Results: A total of 15980 participants were involved in this study. Four dietary patterns were identified: "vegetarian pattern", "balance pattern", "traditional pattern" and "processing pattern". Compared with moderate tertile, women in the highest tertile of adherence to vegetarian pattern increased the risk of low birth weight in offspring in rural areas (OR=1.61, 95%CI:1.06-2.93) and middle region (OR=1.75, 95%CI:1.18-2.62), and the traditional pattern had greater odds of lower birth weight in the middle region (OR=1.55, 95%CI:1.05-3.75). The processing pattern was found a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in rural areas (OR=0.98, 95%CI:0.43-0.99) but was a risk factor for low birth weight in the southern region (OR=8.83, 95%CI:1.22-15.16). The balance pattern was a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in the northern region(OR=0.35, 95%CI:0.14-0.83).Conclusion: The vegetarian and traditional pattern may be positively related to a higher risk of low birth weight while the balanced pattern may keep birth weight of offspring within the appropriate range. Health education of balanced diet and individual nutrition guidance during pregnancy should be strengthened, to make the dietary structure during pregnancy are more reasonable, reduce the occurrence of adverse birth weight of newborns.Fund programs: Project of birth defect control and prevention in Shaanxi(Sxwsjswzfcght2016-013) ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (81230016)
Clinical features of a Chinese female nongestational choriocarcinoma cohort: a retrospective study of 37 patients
Authors: Shao Yuming , Xiang Yang , Jiang Fang , Pan Boju , Wan Xirun , Yang Junjun , Feng Fengzhi , Ren Tong , Zhao Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Choriocarcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm, which is classified as either gestational choriocarcinoma or nongestational choriocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of Chinese female nongestational choriocarcinoma patients and discuss our experience in treating this rare disease.Results We conducted a single-center retrospective study on a sample of 37 nongestational choriocarcinoma patients who were diagnosed and treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 1982 to March 2020. Their demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data were collected. Detailed information was available for all 37 individuals in our sample. The primary lesions included 34 in the ovaries, 2 in the pituitary and 1 in the stomach. The median age of onset was 22 years, and the median follow-up period spanned 41 months. The lungs (40.5%) were the most commonly observed metastatic site. All subjects were treated with surgery and multidrug chemotherapies, and a median of 4.0 courses was required to achieve complete remission. The overall complete response rate, relapse rate, and 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 81.1%, 16.7%, 80.0%, and 75.5%, respectively.Conclusions Nongestational choriocarcinoma can be managed well using surgery and multidrug chemotherapies, but the overall outcome of nongestational choriocarcinoma is still worse than that of gestational choriocarcinoma. Mixed nongestational choriocarcinoma seems to have similar therapeutic outcomes as pure tumors.