bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does age‐adjusted D‐Dimer have a role in assessment of VTE recurrence rates?
Authors: Robertson Charlotte , Milne Denis , Watson Henry 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionIt is known that D‐dimer levels increase with age and several studies have evaluated the use of an age‐adjusted (AA) cut‐off in the initial assessment of suspected venous thromboembolism (VTE). We performed a retrospective study to assess the effect that using an AA D‐dimer in the DASH score would have on the recommended duration of anticoagulant treatment for patients following a first unprovoked episode of VTE and then compared this with the advice that has been given to patients using a fixed cut‐off D‐dimer in the DASH score.MethodsData were collected for the period from April 2014 to October 2017. For each patient, the DASH score by a single cut‐off D‐dimer value (500 ng/mL) as well as an AA D‐dimer cut‐off value (D‐dimer cut‐off value equal to age in years × 10) was calculated for patients over 50 years. The Vienna prediction model was employed alongside this to compare the VTE recurrence risk using a well‐established method.ResultsA total of 204 patients were eligible for analysis, 145 of whom were over the age of 50 years. In 24 of these patients, the use of the AA D‐dimer made a significant impact on the predicted risk of recurrence using the DASH score and would have likely changed the recommendation to offer long‐term anticoagulation.ConclusionAs an age‐adjusted D‐dimer cut‐off has been assessed in the diagnostic setting, it would be logical and appropriate to also consider this philosophy in the prediction of the risk of recurrence of VTE following a first unprovoked event.
Contributing factors to surgical site infection after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy: A follow‐up retrospective study
Authors: Hagen Chris R. M. , Singh Ameet , Weese J. Scott , Marshall Quinn , Linden Alex zur , Gibson Thomas W. G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo identify factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsDogs (n = 541) that underwent TPLO (n = 659).MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent TPLO from 2011‐2018 were reviewed. Data collected included perioperative and postoperative antimicrobial administration, stifle inspection, duration of surgery and anesthesia, comorbidities, and development of SSI including timing, microbiological investigation, and implant removal. Referring veterinarians were contacted for all dogs without a recorded return visit. Risk factors for SSI were assessed by using a multivariable logistic regression model built by using a stepwise approach.ResultsSurgical site infection was documented in 71 of 659 (11%) TPLO, with methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus pseudintermediusaccounting for 20 of 71 (28%) infections. Protective factors against SSI included administration of postoperative antimicrobials (odds ratio [OR] 0.263; 95% CI = 0.157, 0.442) and timing of preoperative antimicrobial administration. Preoperative antimicrobial timing was protective against SSI when it was administered more than 60 minutes before the first incision compared with administration within 30 minutes (OR 0.275; 95% CI = 0.112, 0.676) or within 60 minutes (OR 0.419; 95% CI = 0.189, 0.929) of the first incision.ConclusionEarly administration of perioperative antimicrobials and postoperative antimicrobial administration were protective against SSI after TPLO.Clinical significanceAntimicrobials can influence the risk of SSI after TPLO. Perioperative and postoperative antimicrobial administration timing should be considered to reduce SSI.
Testing the differential cost assumption of the handicap hypothesis with a tropical jumping spider
Authors: Braga Castilho Leonardo , Andrade Maydianne C.B. , Macedo Regina H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The handicap hypothesis predicts that more elaborate males attract more predators, but are also better able to escape attacks. Thus, a unit increase in trait elaboration has a lower cost for a high-quality male (i.e., differential cost). Although widely accepted, the handicap hypothesis has seldom been appropriately tested, especially concerning the differential cost assumption. Here, we tested this assumption using the jumping spider Hasarius adansoni. The courtship display of male H. adansoni involves bright white patches that contrast with their dark-coloured body. In experimental trials, we measured male escape capacity following a simulated predatory attack. Measurements of escape capacity were correlated to the size of white patches. Contrary to expectations, spiders with larger white patches did not exhibit better escape capacity. We conclude that this trait does not function as a handicap. It is possible that other sexual selection processes are at work.
‘March Separately, But Strike Together!’ The Communist Party’s United-Front Policy in the Weimar Republic
Authors: Bois Marcel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Communist Party of Germany (KPD) first coined the united-front policy in 1921, representing a promising effort to bolster Communist influence in the workers’ movement of that country. As the first part of the article shows, the KPD recruited large numbers of new members and significantly improved its electoral returns as a result. Despite this success, however, the party only pursued the united-front policy in two phases (1921–3 and 1926). As illustrated in the second part of the article, the KPD bid farewell to the united front as ‘Stalinisation’ began to set in during the Weimar Republic’s final years – with lethal consequences, as its abandonment decisively abetted the victory of German fascism.
Revisiting the management of term breech presentation: a proposal for overcoming some of the controversies
Authors: Carbillon Lionel , Benbara Amelie , Tigaizin Ahmed , Murtada Rouba , Fermaut Marion , Belmaghni Fatma , Bricou Alexandre , Boujenah Jeremy 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The debate surrounding the management of term breech presentation has excessively focused on the mode of delivery. Indeed, a steady decline in the rate of vaginal breech delivery has been observed over the last three decades, and the soundness of the vaginal route was seriously challenged at the beginning of the 2000s. However, associations between adverse perinatal outcomes and antenatal risk factors have been observed in foetuses that remain in the breech presentation in late gestation, confirming older data and raising the question of the role of these antenatal risk factors in adverse perinatal outcomes. Thus, aspects beyond the mode of delivery must be considered regarding the awareness and adequate management of such situations in term breech pregnancies.

Main body
In the context of the most recent meta-analysis and with the publication of large-scale epidemiologic studies from medical birth registries in countries that have not abruptly altered their criteria for individual decision-making regarding the breech delivery mode, the currently available data provide essential clues to understanding the underlying maternal-foetal conditions beyond the delivery mode that play a role in perinatal outcomes, such as foetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus. In view of such data, an accurate evaluation of these underlying conditions is necessary in cases of persistent term breech presentation. Timely breech detection, estimated foetal weight/growth curves and foetal/maternal well-being should be considered along with these possible antenatal risk factors; a thorough analysis of foetal presentation and an evaluation of the possible benefit of external cephalic version and pelvic adequacy in each specific situation of persistent breech presentation should be performed.

Conclusion
The adequate management of term breech pregnancies requires screening and the efficient identification of breech presentation at 36 weeks of gestation, followed by thorough evaluations of foetal weight, growth and mobility, while obstetric history, antenatal gestational disorders and pelvis size/conformation are considered. The management plan, including external cephalic version and follow-up based on the maternal/foetal condition and potentially associated disorders, should be organized on a case-by-case basis by a skilled team after the woman is informed and helped to make a reasoned decision regarding delivery route.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Palliative Care in German Comprehensive Cancer Centers - an evaluation of the implementation status
Authors: Lödel Sarah , Ostgathe Christoph , Heckel Maria , Oechsle Karin , Gahr Susanne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The working group for palliative medicine within the Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) network funded by the German Cancer Aid in Germany has developed and published 14 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for palliative care in CCCs. This study analyzed to what extent these SOPs have been implemented in the clinical routine in the CCC network one year after their publication.

Methods
An online-based survey on the implementation status, limitations in daily practice and further themes was conducted between April and July 2018. In total, 125 health professionals in specialized palliative care from all 16 CCC locations were invited to participate. The data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS.

Results
The response rate was 52.8%. More than half of the respondents (57.6%) knew about the free availability of SOPs on the CCC network website. The extent to which each SOP was being used actively in practice by the survey respondents ranged from a low of 22.7% (for the “Fatigue” SOP) to a highest of 48.5% (for the “Palliative Sedation” and “Respiratory Distress” SOPs). The respondents became aware of the SOP through recommendations from colleagues, team meetings or from the head of the department. The SOPs “Respiratory distress of an adult palliative patient” and “Palliative sedation” were perceived as the most practically oriented and understandable. Barriers to use SOPs were mainly limited time resources and lack of knowledge of existence and availability.

Conclusions
In practice, better knowledge about the SOPs and at the same time increased use can be achieved through systematic training or discussion of SOPs in regular team meetings. There is a need to take measures to optimize the implementation in clinical practice.
Case Report and Management of Discovery of Lower Extremity Venous Thrombosis on Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Authors: Eker Jessica , Kasper Korey , Leggit Jeff C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Despite the increasing availability of ultrasound in the ambulatory setting, there has yet to be an established consensus on what constitutes proper diagnosis of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) as well as proper management if one is suspected using this modality. This case report presents the discovery of non-compressible veins during a musculoskeletal (MSK) POCUS examination for a calf injury and explores the current standard of care for the appropriate subsequent steps in the diagnosis and management of suspected lower-extremity (LE) DVT using MSK POCUS.
Komparasi Metode Isolasi DNA Patogen Antraknosa dan Bulai untuk Deteksi PCR
Authors: Syahputra Ade , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah , Damayanti Tri Asmira 
Published: May 2020

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an important tool for detection, identification and monitoring of quarantine pests in Indonesia. DNA isolation method from target organism is an important step to provide adequate DNA template for performing PCR. Objective of the research was to compare conventional, commercial kit, FTA-card and its modification methods of DNA isolation to be used in PCR detection for Colletotrichum acutatum and Peronosclerospora sorghi from chili and maize, respectively. DNA obtained from various isolation methods were measured using UV-vis nanodrop-spectrophotometry. DNA amplification was performed using DNA concentration of 15 ng µL-1 from each isolation method with gradual primer concentrations of 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; and 1.0 mM. The highest concentration of DNA was achieved with conventional methods for C. acutatum from pure culture and P. sorghi from maize leaf. Best DNA purity was obtained from isolation method using commercial kit for C. acutatum from infected fruit (1.94) and from conventional method for C. acutatum from pure culture (1.91). The highest total yield of isolated DNA was achieved by modified FTA-card for C. acutatum from pure culture. In general DNA amplification using various primer concentration gave positive results although DNA bands intensity was varied from faint to very bright. Furthermore PCR optimization using the best primer concentration from previous reaction showed that all DNA templates resulted in thick and bright DNA bands.
Vascular Streak Dieback: Penyakit Baru Tanaman Kakao di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Trisno Jumsu , Reflin Reflin , Martinius Martinius 
Published: May 2020

Vascular streak dieback (VSD) symptoms was reported recently in several cacao plantations in West Sumatera. Disease incidence reached 58.82–100% with disease intensity of 24.29–44.71%. In some cases, dead plant was also found. Fungal isolation was performed to identify the agents associated with VSD. Plant samples showing VSD symptoms was collected from 3 locations of cacao production center in West Sumatera, i.e. Limapuluh Kota regency, Padang Pariaman regency, and Padang city. Small pieces of leaf and twig were plated on water agar and potato dextrose agar medium for fungal isolation. Morphology of hifa, basidiocarp, and basidiospora observed from fungi colonies indicated the presence of Ceratobasidium theobromae on infected plant samples. This is the first report on the association of C. theobromae on cacao in West Sumatera.
Isolasi, Seleksi, dan Identifikasi Bakteri Endofit sebagai Agens Penginduksi Ketahanan Padi terhadap Hawar Daun Bakteri
Authors: Parida Ida , Damayanti Tri Asmira , Giyanto Giyanto 
Published: May 2020

Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the major problems in rice production in Indonesia. One of the control measures for the disease is by the utilization of endophytic bacteria. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of rice in inducing plant resistance to bacterial leaf blight on rice. Screening of endophytic bacteria showed that 370 isolates have good viability and have different colony morphology. Among them, 7 isolates were able to induce resistance and 1 isolate was able to promote the growth of rice in the nursery. However, only 8 isolates did not cause hypersensitive reaction on tobacco plants. The selected isolates of endophytic bacteria were further examined for their ability to induce resistance of rice in greenhouse experiments. Observation involved several variables, i.e. PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, peroxidase enzyme activity, incubation period, and disease progression. Seven isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to induce PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, 4 isolates were able to increase peroxide enzyme activity, 4 isolates could prolong the incubation period, and 2 isolates can inhibit the development of disease. However, only EB4 451 isolate was consistently able to induce PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, increased peroxide enzyme activity, prolonged incubation period, and suppressed the progression of the disease. The EB4 451 isolate was identified based on nucleotide sequence as Bacillus subtilis.
Waktu Inkubasi pada Derajat Distilasi Kitosan Enzim dan Efektifitas Penghambatannya terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa
Authors: Suryadi Yadi , Priyatno Tri Puji , Samudra I Made , Susilowati Dwi Ningsih , Nurzulaika Hermawati , Syaefudin Syaefudin 
Published: May 2020

The use of chitosan as a coating agent of harvested fruits is an alternative method in controlling anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum sp.). This study aimed to obtain an optimal enzymatic chitosan (EC) that hydrolyzed using chitinase from Burkholderia cepacia isolate E76. The optimal incubation condition to produce EC was 2 h with the yield of 3.52 ± 0.38 g. The degree of deacetylation (DD) chitosan and EC was 66.91% and 80.91%, respectively. Based on in vitro assays, EC 2% was the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum sp. (94.22%) than chitosan, while the highest inhibition for chitosan 3% was 55.26%. Moreover, the EC 2% showed the highest inhibition of spore germination (74.12%). The in vivo assay revealed that EC 2% showed the highest inhibition on the fungal growth (88.88%), compared to the other concentrations. On the other hand, the EC 2% and 3% gave similar results on inhibition of Colletotrichum sp.of chili (55.55%).
Identifikasi Molekuler Cowpea mild mottle virus pada Tanaman Kedelai di Jawa
Authors: Kulsum Umi , Hartono Sedyo , Sulandari Sri , Sumowiyarjo Susamto 
Published: May 2020

Soybean (Glycine max) is an important food crops in Indonesia, but the production is considered low. Infection of Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) may affect to the productivity of the crops. The virus cause a variety of symptoms on soybean such as mosaic, chlorosis, necrosis, distortion, and leaf dwarf. The aims of this study were to detect and identify CPMMV by molecular technique from some varieties of soybeans, i.e. ‘Anjasmoro’, ‘Argomulyo’, ‘Grobogan’, and two local Edamame varieties. Symptomatic samples was obtained randomly from main soybean growing areas in Java. DNA amplification using specific primer for coat protein of CPMMV was only successfully gained from leaf samples of var. Argomulyo from Malang which showing mosaic on the leaf surface, vein clearing, and chlorosis. Further amino acid and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that this CPMMV isolate has highest homology (99%) to CPMMV isolate of French bean from China.
Whole-Genome Comparative and Pathogenicity Analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Rissen
Authors: Zhou Aiping , Li Jun , Xu Zhihong , Ni Jinjing , Guo Jian , Yao Yu-Feng , Wu Wenjuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Salmonella are a type of bacteria known to cause food-borne illness. Their host range varies widely, and their susceptibility to the host determines its pathogenicity. Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen (S. Rissen) is a widely distributed serotype; however, its virulence and pathogenicity are poorly understood. In this study, the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of a representative S. Rissen isolate were investigated. The cell model results showed that S. Rissen preferred to replicate in human macrophage cells U937 compared to murine macrophage cells RAW264.7, suggesting that it has a level of host adaptability. Genome sequencing and comparison analysis revealed that the distribution and nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of virulence factors in S. Rissen were similar to those in S. Typhi rather than to those in S. Typhimurium. Taken together, our results suggest that although S. Rissen is a common serotype distributed in swine herds, pork and chicken products, it has strong ability to infect humans.
Incidence of central venous and Foley’s catheter related bacteraemia, organisms responsible and antibiotic sensitivity pattern: in cardio-thoracic intensive theraputic unit following elective surgery, in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata, India
Authors: Datta Swarnendu , Chakrabarty Ushnish , Chakrabarty Priyanka , Mukherjee Plaban 
Published: May 2020

Background: Mortality from bacteraemia related to indwelling Central Venous Pressure (CVP) lines could be as high as 12 - 25% and that due to indwelling urinary catheters about 5%, in critically ill patients. Hence, initiation of early and aggressive antibiotic therapy, often even before the culture- sensitivity reports are available is necessary. Objectives of the study was to find out the incidence of bacteraemia related to indwelling CVP catheters &/or Foley’s catheters in post operative patients in Cardio-thoracic Intensive Theraputic Unit (ITU) and to understand the antibiotic sensitivity patterns against the organisms causing such bacteraemiaMethods: 48 hours after their insertion, CVP catheter tips, Foley’s catheter tips and Peripheral blood samples were collected for cultures in 50 patients who underwent elective cardiothoracic surgery, over a period of one year and results were interpreted.Results: Incidence of bacteraemia associated with indwelling CVP catheters was 8% and was caused by both - Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium) and Gram negative (Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) organisms. Foley’s catheter was not related to such blood stream infection. Vancomycin and Linezolid were effective against the Gram positive organisms; while Piperacillin- Tazobactam, Meropenem, Polymyxin B and Colistin were effective against the Gram negative organisms.Conclusions: Indwelling CVP catheters were associated with blood stream infection in 4 post operative patients in our ITU. An idea about the organisms responsible, as well as their antibiogram may help in early initiation of antibiotics empirically before culture-sensitivity reports are available.
Nontraumatic Chronic Subcutaneous Extensor Digitorum Longus Tendon Rupture in a Recreational Runner
Authors: Hamaoka Kodai , Watanabe Kota , Kamiya Tomoaki , Teramoto Atsushi , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: May 2020

Case:
Nontraumatic chronic subcutaneous rupture of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) tendon is rare. A 66-year-old man, recreational runner, suddenly injured his EDL tendon while walking. We surgically reconstructed the ruptured EDL tendon with a free palmaris longus tendon graft. During the surgery, an osteophyte was found to have penetrated the ankle joint capsule and was considered the cause of the tendon rupture. Active toe extension was restored, and the patient completed a 10-km race at 2 months postoperatively.

Conclusion:
EDL tendon reconstruction using a free palmaris longus tendon graft is an effective surgical option for athletes.
Symptomatic Postoperative Spinal Subdural Extra-Arachnoid Hygromas: Resolution with Conservative Management
Authors: Morgan Ruairidh A. , McCarthy Michael J.H. 
Published: May 2020

Case:
Two cases of postoperative spinal subdural extra-arachnoid hygromas were successfully treated with bed rest after patients developed symptoms 4 to 5 days following decompressive lumbar surgery. The development of the hygromas as well as the radiological findings are discussed.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, these comprise the first postoperative cases successfully treated without surgical re-exploration. This demonstrates conservative management may be a safe and effective management choice.
Flexor Tendon Rupture After Distal Radius Malunion Associated With Electromyographic Abnormalities
Authors: Lalchandani Gopal R. , Chan Alvin , Nagao Masato , Immerman Igor 
Published: May 2020

Case:
A 63-year-old woman with a history of a malunited distal radius fracture presented with left hand pain and inability to flex her thumb, index, and middle fingers. Anterior interosseous neuropathy was suggested because of abnormal electromyography findings. However, magnetic resonance imaging later revealed flexor tendon ruptures. A distal radius corrective osteotomy with autograft and volar fixation was performed with tendon transfers and carpal tunnel release.

Conclusions:
Attritional flexor tendon rupture after a nonoperatively managed distal radius fracture is rare but remains an important differential diagnosis in patients with signs and symptoms of anterior interosseous nerve paralysis.