bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metodología de neuromarketing: medición de Sociograph aplicada al análisis de la narrativa audiovisual erótica y sus aplicaciones a la estrategia de mercadotecnia
Authors: Martínez Herrador José Luis , Núñez Cansado Marian , Valdunquillo Carlón María Isabel 
Published: March 2020

Presentamos un estudio de investigación desde el enfoque del neuromarketing cuyo objetivo es verificar la capacidad de la tecnología Sociograph para evaluar las reacciones de atención y emoción en el visionado de material erótico y verificar si la metodología empleada es capaz de discriminar reacciones diferenciales aplicables a las estrategias de marketing. Se presenta una aplicación práctica de la señal electrodérmica (EDA) como metodología para medir la conducta grupal mediante la tecnología Sociograph. Considerando las variables emoción y atención determinantes en el proceso de persuasión se propone un estudio exploratorio en el que se analiza la respuesta atencional y emocional de dos grupos (varones N=8 y mujeres N=8) en el visionado de material erótico. Los resultados indican un patrón de activación diferenciado. Mientras que ambos grupos muestran alta activación inicial, solo el grupo de varones reduce su activación durante el tramo más erótico. Se plantean posibles aplicaciones a las estrategias de marketing según resultados, así como la necesidad de incluir metodologías procedentes de la neurociencia al estudio del consumidor, que contemplen distintos escenarios del visionado del material para poder evaluar respuestas tanto en situaciones de visionado individual como grupal.
Heat Treatment and Impact Toughness of the F55-Grade Steel
Authors: Rivolta Barbara , Gerosa Riccardo , Tavasci Francesca 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Low-temperature impact tests are commonly performed to test the quality of industrial forgings in Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS). The F55 grade is a highly alloyed Super DSS characterized by excellent low-temperature toughness in the solution annealed condition. Because of the rich chemical composition, it is very prone to precipitation phenomena during quenching. This research investigates the effect of the material cooling rate on the impact toughness of a water-quenched F55 steel, characterized by the absence of σ-phase. Furthermore, by elaborating the impact test data, the T45J [°C] and the KV−46°C [J] parameters have been identified. They are two indicators based on the austenite/ferrite ratio and the material cooling rate, useful for predicting the material impact behavior prior to testing.
Enabling Advanced Process Control for Manual Grinding Operations
Authors: Kamath Akshay Katapadi , Linke Barbara S. , Chu Chih-Hsing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Manual grinding is an abrasive manufacturing process commonly employed in the automotive, aerospace, and medical industries for deburring, finishing, and engraving operations. Unlike other manufacturing processes in which automation drives constant improvement, the operator’s skill set continues to play a pivotal role in manual grinding. Process parameters such as grinding force and feed rate are dependent on the pressure and manual feed rate provided by the operator as well as the operator’s tool movement during the process. Therefore, it is essential to quantify the manual skills involved in the process in order to develop a real-time feedback system, which can assist the operator for in-process corrective action. Manual operations such as manual grinding have not fully utilized the Industrial Internet of Things yet. This article focuses on developing a robust experimental setup to effectively monitor operator-controlled variables (tool feed rate and tool circumferential speed) and process information variables (grinding force, workpiece acceleration, and grinding power). Experiments are carried out to understand the relationships between the variables and their impacts on process outcomes (surface roughness and material removal rate). In addition, grinding energy is evaluated to improve grinding efficiency and sustainability. The developed test setup consists of a power tool, a piezoelectric force sensor, a motion-tracking–based feed rate sensor, and additional sensors. An alumina sanding band is used to grind aluminum 6061-T6 and hardened steel AISI 416 workpieces. Profilometer and confocal surface measurements are carried out for the test specimens to assess various two-dimensional and three-dimensional surface roughness parameters. Findings derived from the experimental results may lay a foundation for understanding and controlling manual grinding operations and enable their integration in smart and sustainable manufacturing systems.
β4-Nicotinic Receptors Are Critically Involved in Reward-Related Behaviors and Self-Regulation of Nicotine Reinforcement
Authors: Husson Marianne , Harrington Lauriane , Tochon Léa , Cho Yoon , Ibañez-Tallon Inés , Maskos Uwe , David Vincent 
Published: March 2020

Nicotine addiction, through smoking, is the principal cause of preventable mortality worldwide. Human genome-wide association studies have linked polymorphisms in theCHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4gene cluster, coding for the α5, α3, and β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits, to nicotine addiction. β4*nAChRs have been implicated in nicotine withdrawal, aversion, and reinforcement. Here we show that β4*nAChRs also are involved in non-nicotine-mediated responses that may predispose to addiction-related behaviors. β4 knock-out (KO) male mice show increased novelty-induced locomotor activity, lower baseline anxiety, and motivational deficits in operant conditioning for palatable food rewards and in reward-based Go/No-go tasks. To further explore reward deficits we used intracranial self-administration (ICSA) by directly injecting nicotine into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in mice. We found that, at low nicotine doses, β4KO self-administer less than wild-type (WT) mice. Conversely, at high nicotine doses, this was reversed and β4KO self-administered more than WT mice, whereas β4-overexpressing mice avoided nicotine injections. Viral expression of β4 subunits in medial habenula (MHb), interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), and VTA of β4KO mice revealed dose- and region-dependent differences: β4*nAChRs in the VTA potentiated nicotine-mediated rewarding effects at all doses, whereas β4*nAChRs in the MHb-IPN pathway, limited VTA-ICSA at high nicotine doses. Together, our findings indicate that the lack of functional β4*nAChRs result in deficits in reward sensitivity including increased ICSA at high doses of nicotine that is restored by re-expression of β4*nAChRs in the MHb-IPN. These data indicate that β4 is a critical modulator of reward-related behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman genetic studies have provided strong evidence for a relationship between variants in theCHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4gene cluster and nicotine addiction. Yet, little is known about the role of β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit encoded by this cluster. We investigated the implication of β4*nAChRs in anxiety-, food reward- and nicotine reward-related behaviors. Deletion of the β4 subunit gene resulted in an addiction-related phenotype characterized by low anxiety, high novelty-induced response, lack of sensitivity to palatable food rewards and increased intracranial nicotine self-administration at high doses. Lentiviral vector-induced re-expression of the β4 subunit into either the MHb or IPN restored a “stop” signal on nicotine self-administration. These results suggest that β4*nAChRs provide a promising novel drug target for smoking cessation.
Eudiometrija u djelu Josipa Franje Domina
Authors: Raos Nenad 
Published: March 2020

Josip Franjo (ili Josephus Franciscus) Domin (1754. – 1819.) bio je hrvatski fizičar koji je predavao na sveučilištima u Győru i Pešti. Poznat je po knjizi &lt;i&gt;Dissertatio physica de aeris factitii genesi, natura, et utilitatibus (Fizikalna rasprava o postanku, naravi i koristi umjetnog zraka)&lt;/i&gt;, Győr, 1784. U Raspravi je opisao više vrsta “umjetnog zraka”, što ih je većinom otkrio Joseph Priestly, a usto postupke i uređaje za njihovo dobivanje te – u drugom dijelu knjige – njihovu upotrebu. U ovom radu raspravlja se o Dominovom opisu eudiometra, uređaja za mjerenje sadržaja kisika (“deflogistoniranog zraka”) u plinskim smjesama njegovom reakcijom s “nitroznim zrakom”, dušikovim(I) oksidom (NO), što ga je izumio Priestley a usavršio Felice Fontana. Naročito je istražena veza “dobrote zraka” s flogistonskom teorijom i teorijom mijazama u Dominovoj &lt;i&gt;Raspravi&lt;/i&gt;.
Promoter-Proximal Chromatin Domain Insulator Protein BEAF Mediates Local and Long-Range Communication with a Transcription Factor and Directly Activates a Housekeeping Promoter in Drosophila
Authors: Dong Yuankai , Avva S V Satya Prakash , Maharjan Mukesh , Jacobi Janice , Hart Craig M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BEAF (Boundary Element-Associated Factor) was originally identified as a Drosophila melanogaster chromatin domain insulator-binding protein, suggesting a role in gene regulation through chromatin organization and dynamics. Genome-wide mapping found that BEAF usually binds near transcription start sites, often of housekeeping genes, suggesting a role in promoter function. This would be a nontraditional role for an insulator-binding protein. To gain insight into molecular mechanisms of BEAF function, we identified interacting proteins using yeast two-hybrid assays. Here, we focus on the transcription factor Serendipity δ (Sry-δ). Interactions were confirmed in pull-down experiments using bacterially expressed proteins, by bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and in a genetic assay in transgenic flies. Sry-δ interacted with promoter-proximal BEAF both when bound to DNA adjacent to BEAF or &gt; 2-kb upstream to activate a reporter gene in transient transfection experiments. The interaction between BEAF and Sry-δ was detected using both a minimal developmental promoter (y) and a housekeeping promoter (RpS12), while BEAF alone strongly activated the housekeeping promoter. These two functions for BEAF implicate it in playing a direct role in gene regulation at hundreds of BEAF-associated promoters.
Estructura poblacional de dos especies de cactáceas columnares en un bosque tropical caducifolio
Authors: Lezama-Delgado Ernesto , Mandujano Maria C. , Prado José M. , Aquino-Bolaños Elia Nora , Celis-López Edmond , Martínez Armando J 
Published: March 2020

Antecedentes: La estructura poblacional es un atributo demográfico que se define en parte por el reclutamiento de las especies. Una aproximación para describir la estructura es estimando un ajuste log-normal a la distribución de tallas diamétricas en cactáceas columnares, lo que indicaría si hay un ajuste unimodal o multimodal.
Pregunta: ¿Cómo es la estructura de tamaños y la distribucón local de las columnares simpátricas Pilosocereus palmeri y Cephalocereus scoparius , que se desarrollan en el bosque tropical caducifolio del centro de Veracruz?
Sitio de estudio y periodo de investigación: El estudio se realizó en la selva baja caducifolia que se ubica a 5 km de la localidad de Cerro Gordo, municipio de Emiliano, Zapata, Veracruz, México, durante la época de lluvias del 2013.
Métodos: Medimos el diámetro basal de los individuos de las dos especies columnares en 20 parcelas rectangulares de 50 × 10 metros. Ajustamos el modelo distribución log-normal a las tallas diamétricas y obtuvimos la densidad poblacional y distribución espacial.
Resultados: La densidad poblacional difiere en más del doble entre las dos especies de columnares. Además, la distribución de frecuencia de tallas diamétricas de P. palmeri se ajustó a una curva log-normal a diferencia de lo estimado en C. scoparius y ambas especies tienen distribución espacial agregada.
Conclusiones: El ajuste log-normal de las tallas diamétricas de P. palmeri es unimodal e indica reclutamiento constante en la población, pero C. scoparius , tiene reclutamiento en pulsos con distribución de tipo multimodal. Además, ambas especies tienen diferente densidad poblacional, aunque similar distribución espacial agregada.
Composición, estructura y riqueza de plantas vasculares del matorral xerófilo en el norte de Coahuila, México
Authors: Encina-Domínguez Juan Antonio , Arévalo-Sierra José Ramón , Villarreal-Quintanilla Jose Ángel , Estrada-Castillón Eduardo Andrés 
Published: March 2020

Antecedentes: En el noreste de Coahuila el Altiplano desciende hacia la Llanura Costera de Coahuila y Nuevo León. En esta región la vegetación dominante es matorral espinoso tamaulipeco.
Pregunta: ¿Cuál es la composición, estructura y riqueza de especies de plantas vasculares del matorral xerófilo en el norte de Coahuila?
Especies de estudio y descripción de datos: Especies arbóreas, arbustivas y herbáceas del matorral xerófilo. Se incluye el cálculo de atributos estructurales de la vegetación, valor de importancia relativa y equitatividad.
Sitio de estudio y año de estudio: Estudio realizado en el municipio de Acuña, en el estado de Coahuila. De abril a septiembre de 2017.
Métodos: Se establecieron 76 sitios circulares de 100 m2 para cuantificar las especies arbustivas, de manera concéntrica sitios de 1,000 m2 para árboles y cuadrantes de 2 m2 para herbáceas. La diversidad alfa se analiza en términos de riqueza y equitatividad.
Resultados: Se registraron 150 especies agrupadas en 112 géneros y 43 familias. Se detectaron cuatro comunidades del matorral xerófilo: matorral subinerme, matorral desértico rosetófilo, matorral desértico micrófilo y matorral de arroyos. El matorral desértico micrófilo reveló los valores más altos de densidad (11,816 ind/ha). El matorral de arroyos tiene la mayor densidad en el estrato arbóreo, de igual forma presenta la mayor riqueza de especies para los estratos arbóreo, arbustivo y herbáceo.
Conclusiones: La composición y estructura de las comunidades detectadas del matorral xerófilo en el noreste de Coahuila, indican una zona de transición entre las provincias florísticas Planicie Costera del Noreste y Altiplanicie.
Morphological differentiation among populations of Quercus elliptica Neé (Fagaceae) along an environmental gradient in Mexico and Central America
Authors: Maya-García Reyna , Torres-Miranda Cesar Andrés , Cuevas-Reyes Pablo , Oyama Ken 
Published: March 2020

Background: Variation in leaf morphology is an important indicator of how plants respond to different environmental conditions. Leaf trait variation is associated with physiological responses of plants to gradients of humidity and temperature.
Objective: We analyzed the variation in the leaf morphological and functional traits of Quercus elliptica and its relationships with environmental and geographic variables across the distribution of this species to evaluate population differentiation using ecological niche models.
Study species: Quercus elliptica Neé (Fagaceae).
Study sites and dates: Plants were collected in diverse forest types between 350 and 2,400 m in elevation in Mexico and Central America during 2016 and 2017.
Methods: We measured and analyzed the differentiation in morphological and functional traits of 4,017 leaves from 402 trees from 41 populations using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: The leaf length and thickness and specific leaf area (SLA) of Q. elliptica were significantly correlated with the seasonality of temperature, precipitation, elevation and aridity. We identified two divergent morphological groups: (1) populations distributed along the Pacific coast with broad and thin elliptical leaves with high SLA values and inhabited humid forests at more than 1,200 m elevation, and (2) populations located along the Gulf of Mexico coast, and in southern Mexico and Central America with thicker, narrower leaves and lower SLA values and inhabited seasonal tropical forests in less than 1,200 m in elevation.
Conclusions: Climate and geographic barriers and the ecological niche models supported the population differentiation of Q. elliptica .
Functional traits of tree saplings and adults in a tropical cloud forest restoration context
Authors: Williams-Linera Guadalupe , Manrique-Ascencio Avril 
Published: March 2020

Background: The use of tree species’ functional traits is a promising approach in forest restoration. However, some traits may change during ontogeny.
Questions: Does intraspecific variation in functional traits occur between sapling and adult stages? Do groups of species can be delimited based on functional traits regardless of their ontogenetic stage?
Study sites and dates: Cloud forest restoration, Veracruz, Mexico, 2016.
Methods: Saplings and adults of eight native tree species in different age plantations were measured for leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), stomatal density (SD), foliar nutrient content (C, N, P) and relative growth rate (RGR). Wood density (WD) was measured for adults. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models and principal component analysis (PCA).
Results: Overall, SLA was higher in saplings than in adults. A few species showed intraspecific variation for LA (three species), SD (three) and foliar N content (one). Species with high WD ( Quercus spp . ) and intermediate WD ( e.g . Liquidambar styraciflua ) tended to have lower LA and SLA, and higher SD. Species with low WD ( e.g . Heliocarpus donnellsmithii) had high SLA, RGR, and N content. PCA highlighted that saplings and adults of a same species were close to each other within the ordination space.
Conclusions: Intraspecific variation between saplings and adults was small for most traits (except SLA) in comparison to differences across species. Therefore species trait values (measured in individuals of any age) could be a useful tool to characterize groups of species during the forest restoration trajectory.
Association of functional trait variation of Quercus castanea with temperature and water availability gradients at the landscape level
Authors: Lara-De La Cruz Libny Ingrid , García-Oliva Felipe , Oyama Ken , González Rodríguez Antonio 
Published: March 2020

Background: Phenotypic variability of tree species is often associated to environmental factors. Quercus castanea is a Mexican red oak with a wide geographical and altitudinal distribution along contrasting environments. It is the most abundant oak species in the Cuitzeo basin, which is characterized by highly heterogeneous environmental conditions.
Hypothesis: We hypothesized that gradients in temperature, precipitation and soil characteristics across the distribution of Q. castanea within the Cuitzeo basin promote variability in functional traits related to the adjustment to differential water availability at a landscape level.
Studied species: Quercus castanea Née (Fagaceae).
Study site and years of study: Cuitzeo basin in Central Mexico. 2015-2016.
Methods: We quantified leaf chlorophyll concentration (CC), leaf area (LA), leaf thickness (LT), leaf mass per area (LMA) and the Huber value (HV) in 10 individuals from 22 populations of Q. castanea throughout the basin.
Results: Despite the relatively small geographical area (4,000 km2), our results revealed significant differentiation among populations in the studied functional traits. The strongest variation found was in LT, which was negatively correlated with precipitation seasonality. This pattern is opposite to previous reports on Mediterranean oaks but similar to tropical oaks and suggests that the combination with other traits such as leaf phenology is important in the response to water availability.
Conclusions: Significant functional differences exist among populations of Q. castanea separated by a few kilometers in the heterogenous landscape of the Cuitzeo basin. This species shows clearly sclerophyllous leaves, but leaf thickness varies to a considerable degree across populations.
PURPOSE OF INSTALLING AND IMPLYING OF WARNING AS A KIND OF PUNISHMENT
Authors: Danilov Vyacheslav 
Published: March 2020

The paper investigates the role of the establishment and appointment of such forms of punishment as prevention. This type of responsibility is practiced if the degree of misconduct is very slight and does not cause any damage to public order. The warning is a documented censure of an individual, a legal entity and is issued in a written form.
PUNISHMENT PRACTICES IN CASES OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE
Authors: Bozko-Cace Margarita 
Published: March 2020

Sexual violence against a child is a global, complicated social and legal problem, existing in all the countries of the world. Sexual violence towards children is a serious violation of the child’s fundamental rights and still one of the main issues in Latvia, which in most cases takes place within families. In Latvia, despite the measures taken by the state and severity of criminal punishments, the number of sex crimes against children has increased since 2016. The aim of the study is to research the practices of criminal punishments for sexual violence against children, reveal and analyse the problems.In the paper, the author reveals topical issues and offers solutions. There should be a uniform case law on application of aggravating circumstances for the offences against morality and sexual integrity of children committed by a person who is the first and second degree relative to the child. If the victim materially depends on the perpetrator, as well as it should be provided as an aggravating circumstance if the offence is committed by a family member or a person staying with the child, but who is not the first and second degree relative. It is necessary to prosecute family members of the perpetrator if they were aware of sexual violence against the child, for not reporting about sexual violence against the child. Prevention of sexual violence against children should include a range of additional measures and close cooperation among public authorities. There is a necessity to establish a public register of persons convicted of sexual violence against children in Latvia, it is necessary to carry out administrative supervision of these persons after serving the additional sentence, as well as chemical castration of the persons half a year before the end of their imprisonment would be useful to prevent risk of recidivism.
CONFISCATION OF PROPERTY AS A SANCTION IN LATVIA CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Mežulis Dainis 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the paper is to analyze confiscation of property as a criminal penalty in the criminal law of Latvia. According to the Section 42 of criminal law - confiscation of property is compulsory alienation of the property owned by a convicted person to the State ownership without compensation. Confiscation of property may be specified as an additional punishment to a deprivation of liberty or community service. Property owned by a convicted persons, which they have transferred to another natural or legal person, may also be confiscated. Confiscation of property may be specified only in the cases provided by Law. A court, in determining confiscation of property, shall specifically indicate which property is to be confiscated.At the same time - Chapter VIII.2 of criminal law has a very wide regulation of special property confiscation , that by law is not a criminal penalty, but a compulsory measure.The author believes that confiscation as a sanction must be excluded from law, as it is not in line with fundamental rights and is not efficient.Special confiscation and fine are more efficient and precisely regulated, which allow to respect human rights. Confiscation does not ensure balance between effectiveness and human rights with regards to general objectives of criminal justice system.