bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of DNA of fourteen human polyomaviruses determined in blood donors
Authors: Kamminga Sergio , van der Meijden Els , de Brouwer Caroline , Feltkamp Mariet , Zaaijer Hans 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDHuman polyomaviruses (HPyVs), like herpesviruses, cause persistent infection in a large part of the population. In immunocompromised and elderly patients, PyVs cause severe diseases such as nephropathy (BK polyomavirus [BKPyV]), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (JC polyomavirus [JCPyV]), and skin cancer (Merkel cell polyomavirus [MCPyV]). Like cytomegalovirus, donor‐derived PyV can cause disease in kidney transplant recipients. Possibly blood components transmit PyVs as well. To study this possibility, as a first step we determined the presence of PyV DNA in Dutch blood donations.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSBlood donor serum samples (n = 1016) were analyzed for the presence of DNA of 14 HPyVs using HPyV species‐specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures. PCR‐positive samples were subjected to confirmation by sequencing. Individual PCR findings were compared with the previously reported PyV serostatus.RESULTSMC polyomavirus DNA was detected in 39 donors (3.8%), JCPyV and TS polyomavirus (TSPyV) DNA in five donors (both 0.5%), and HPyV9 DNA in four donors (0.4%). BKPyV, WU polyomavirus (WUPyV), HPyV6, MW polyomavirus (MWPyV), and LI polyomavirus (LIPyV) DNA was detected in one or two donors. Amplicon sequencing confirmed the expected product for BKPyV, JCPyV, WUPyV, MCPyV, HPyV6, TSPyV, MWPyV, HPyV9, and LIPyV. For JCPyV a significant association was observed between detection of viral DNA and the level of specific IgG antibodies.CONCLUSIONIn 5.4% of Dutch blood donors PyV DNA was detected, including DNA from pathogenic PyVs such as JCPyV. As a next step, the infectivity of PyV in donor blood and transmission via blood components to immunocompromised recipients should be investigated.
Deterministic Assembly of Arrays of Lithographically Defined WS2 and MoS2 Monolayer Features Directly From Multilayer Sources Into Van Der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Nguyen Vu , Gramling Hannah , Towle Clarissa , Li Wan , Lien Der-Hsien , Kim Hyungjin , Chrzan Daryl C. , Javey Ali , Xu Ke , Ager Joel , Taylor Hayden 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
One of the major challenges in the van der Waals (vdW) integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials is achieving high-yield and high-throughput assembly of predefined sequences of monolayers into heterostructure arrays. Mechanical exfoliation has recently been studied as a promising technique to transfer monolayers from a multilayer source synthesized by other techniques, allowing the deposition of a wide variety of 2D materials without exposing the target substrate to harsh synthesis conditions. Although a variety of processes have been developed to exfoliate the 2D materials mechanically from the source and place them deterministically onto a target substrate, they can typically transfer only either a wafer-scale blanket or one small flake at a time with uncontrolled size and shape. Here, we present a method to assemble arrays of lithographically defined monolayer WS2 and MoS2 features from multilayer sources and directly transfer them in a deterministic manner onto target substrates. This exfoliate–align–release process—without the need of an intermediate carrier substrate—is enabled by combining a patterned, gold-mediated exfoliation technique with a new optically transparent, heat-releasable adhesive. WS2/MoS2 vdW heterostructure arrays produced by this method show the expected interlayer exciton between the monolayers. Light-emitting devices using WS2 monolayers were also demonstrated, proving the functionality of the fabricated materials. Our work demonstrates a significant step toward developing mechanical exfoliation as a scalable dry transfer technique for the manufacturing of functional, atomically thin materials.
Chronic Ankle Instability Does Not Influence Tibiofemoral Contact Forces During Drop Landings Using a Musculoskeletal Model
Authors: Li Yumeng , Wang He , Simpson Kathy J. 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to compare the tibiofemoral contact forces of participants with chronic ankle instability versus controls during landings using a computer-simulated musculoskeletal model. A total of 21 female participants with chronic ankle instability and 21 pair-matched controls performed a drop landing task on a tilted force plate. A 7-camera motion capture system and 2 force plates were used to test participants’ lower-extremity biomechanics. A musculoskeletal model was used to calculate the tibiofemoral contact forces (femur on tibia). No significant between-group differences were observed for the peak tibiofemoral contact forces (P = .25–.48) during the landing phase based on paired t tests. The group differences ranged from 0.05 to 0.58 body weight (BW). Most participants demonstrated a posterior force (peak,  ∼1.1 BW) for most duration of the landing phase and a medial force (peak, ∼0.9 BW) and large compressive force (peak, ∼10 BW) in the landing phase. The authors conclude that chronic ankle instability may not be related to the increased tibiofemoral contact forces or knee injury mechanisms during landings on the tilted surface.
Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Functional Mobility, Balance, Gait Strength, and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Alvarez-Barbosa Francisco , del Pozo-Cruz Jesús , del Pozo-Cruz Borja , García-Hermoso Antonio , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa María 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of whole-body vibration on balance, functional mobility, gait, functional performance, and quality of life in institutionalized older people. Eight databases were systematically reviewed, as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. This systematic review was designed to answer the acronym set by the participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes (PICO)-model. Ten randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis of the mean differences (MDs) of the functional mobility assessed with Time Up and Go test was MD = −2.49 s (95% confidence interval, CI, [−4.37, −0.61];I2 = 68%). In 279 participants from five studies, the overall MD = 0.49 (95% CI [−0.13, 1.11];I2 = 23%) for gait, and MD = 0.96 (95% CI [−0.45, 2.37];I2 = 85%) for balance, which represents the total Tinetti score, MD = 1.59 (95% CI [−0.52, 3.70];I2 = 82%). In summary, whole-body vibration could have benefits on functional mobility in institutionalized older people.
Single-Leg Balance Performance in Sub-Elite Young Soccer Players and Swimmers as a Function of Age and Sports Experience
Authors: Leinen Peter , Muehlbauer Thomas , Panzer Stefan 
Published: October 2019

The present study investigated if accumulated, advanced, regular soccer practice (balance-demanding exercise) compared to regular swim practice (non-balance–demanding exercise) induces a more pronounced functional specialization in postural control. Therefore, single-leg balance performance in sub-elite young soccer players (under 13 [U13]:n = 16; U15:n = 18; U19:n = 15), and sub-elite young swimmers (U13:n = 7; U15:n = 4; U19:n = 5) was tested in different balance task conditions (i.e., static and dynamic balance on firm and foam surface). All athletes practiced 3–10 times per week. Single-leg balance of the dominant and non-dominant leg was measured using a force plate. The standard deviation of the center of pressure displacements in anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions were used as dependent variables. Irrespective of age groups and type of sport, the results failed to indicate significant leg differences in single-leg balance performance. The soccer players showed significant better single-leg balance performance in anterior-posterior direction in the dynamic balance test on the firm and foam surface compared to the swimmers. Functional specialization was accompanied by the type of sport but not by accumulated practice.
Probing new physics in semileptonic $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$ decays
Authors: Zhang Jiao , An Xiuyun , Sun Ruirui , Su Jianfeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, several observed anomalies in semileptonic B meson decays have implied hints of lepton flavor universal violation. Motivated by these inspiring results, we study the baryon decays $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$Ξb→Λ(Ξc)τ-ν¯τ which are mediated by $$b\rightarrow u(c)\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$b→u(c)τ-ν¯τ transitions at quark level in the Standard Model and different New Physics scenarios. In the framework of the extended Standard Model on assuming a general effective theory, we constrain the Wilson coefficients of the NP operators using the experimental measurement results for the $$Br(B_{c}^+\rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau })$$Br(Bc+→τ+ντ), $$R^{l}_{\pi }$$Rπl, $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$RD(∗), $$R_{J/\psi }$$RJ/ψ and $$F_{L}^{D^{*}}$$FLD∗ anomalies and investigate their New Physics effects on several observables relative to the $$\Xi _{b}\rightarrow \Lambda (\Xi _{c})\tau ^{-}\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$Ξb→Λ(Ξc)τ-ν¯τ decays. We mention the differential branching fraction $${\text {d}}Br/{\text {d}}q^2$$dBr/dq2, the ratio of branching fractions $$R(q^2)$$R(q2), the lepton-side forward–backward asymmetry $$A_{FB}(q^2)$$AFB(q2), the longitudinal polarization $$P_{L}^{\Lambda (\Xi _{c})}(q^2)$$PLΛ(Ξc)(q2) of the daughter baryons $$\Lambda (\Xi _{c})$$Λ(Ξc) and $$P_{L}^{\tau }(q^2)$$PLτ(q2) of the $$\tau $$τ lepton, and the convexity parameter $$C_{F}(q^2)$$CF(q2).
Effect of deep rolling parameters on surface integrity of LZ50 axles
Authors: Fu Hao , Liu Yan , Xu Qian , Yan Xiulin , Yang Guiying , Chen Hui 
Published: October 2019

Deep rolling is a surface treatment method by which a hydraulically controlled ball produces a specific pressure on material surface, causing plastic deformation and introducing compressive residual stresses. In this paper, LZ50 steel which is often used as high speed train axle is treated by deep rolling. Surface morphology was observed, and roughness, microhardness and residual stress were measured. Effects of deep rolling parameters (pressure, feed speed, speed, number of runs) on the surface integrity of LZ50 axles were studied systematically. The results show that the surface roughness decreases obviously after deep rolling compared with the original surface. The feed speed has greater influence than other parameters on surface roughness. The minimum roughness (Ra) can decrease to 0.14 [Formula: see text]m. The surface layer of LZ50 deforms in different degrees. Meanwhile, the surface stress state of LZ50 changes from tensile stress to compressive stress after deep rolling. The maximum residual compressive stress is 862 MPa. The main influence factor is pressure. However, for LZ50 axle, the surface hardness does not change significantly after deep rolling.
Radiotherapy Eradicates Malignant T Cells and Is Associated with Improved Survival in Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: O'Malley John T. , de Masson Adele , Lowry Elizabeth L. , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , LeBoeuf Nicole R. , Larocca Cecilia , Gehad Ahmed , Seger Edward , Teague Jessica E. , Fisher David C. , Kupper Thomas S. , Devlin Phillip M. , Clark Rachael A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Mycosis fungoides is the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Skin-directed treatments often improve but do not cure mycosis fungoides skin lesions. The purpose of this study was to (i) assess whether remission was associated with malignant T-cell clone depletion at treated sites using either low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT, 8 Gy) or topical steroids and (ii) assess whether a clone-ablative therapy, like LDRT, is associated with overall survival in patients with high-risk early-stage CTCL.

Experimental Design:
Pre- and posttreatment biopsies from 20 lesional skin samples of 18 patients with mycosis fungoides who received either 8 Gy LDRT (n = 16) or topical steroids (n = 4) underwent high-throughput T-cell receptor sequencing of the TCRB gene to quantify the malignant T-cell clone. For the retrospective chart review, overall survival of 47 high-risk early-stage patients was compared between patients who did or did not receive radiation.

Results:
LDRT eradicated the clone in 5 of 16 lesions and reduced it &gt;90% in 11 of 16; there were no recurrences in these lesions. Patients treated with topical steroids appeared to clinically improve, but the malignant clone persisted. We found that the number of residual malignant T cells predicted lesion recurrence. A retrospective review showed that early-stage high-risk patients who received radiation as part of their treatment regimen had prolonged overall survival compared with patients who did not.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that LDRT can eradicate malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides, provides robust disease control, and is associated with improved survival in high-risk early-stage patients.
Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor (CSF1R) Activates AKT/mTOR Signaling and Promotes T-Cell Lymphoma Viability
Authors: Murga-Zamalloa Carlos , Rolland Delphine C.M. , Polk Avery , Wolfe Ashley , Dewar Hiran , Chowdhury Pinki , Onder Ozlem , Dewar Rajan , Brown Noah A. , Bailey Nathanael G. , Inamdar Kedar , Lim Megan S. , Elenitoba-Johnson Kojo S.J. , Wilcox Ryan A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas are clinically aggressive and usually fatal, as few complete or durable remissions are achieved with currently available therapies. Recent evidence supports a critical role for lymphoma-associated macrophages during T-cell lymphoma progression, but the specific signals involved in the cross-talk between malignant T cells and their microenvironment are poorly understood. Colony-stimulator factor 1 receptor (CSF1R, CD115) is required for the homeostatic survival of tissue-resident macrophages. Interestingly, its aberrant expression has been reported in a subset of tumors. In this article, we evaluated its expression and oncogenic role in T-cell lymphomas.

Experimental Design:
Loss-of-function studies, including pharmacologic inhibition with a clinically available tyrosine kinase inhibitor, pexidartinib, were performed in multiple in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, proteomic and genomic screenings were performed to discover signaling pathways that are activated downstream of CSF1R signaling.

Results:
We observed that CSF1R is aberrantly expressed in many T-cell lymphomas, including a significant number of peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1), in an autocrine or paracrine-dependent manner, leads to CSF1R autophosphorylation and activation in malignant T cells. Furthermore, CSF1R signaling was associated with significant changes in gene expression and in the phosphoproteome, implicating PI3K/AKT/mTOR in CSF1R-mediated T-cell lymphoma growth. We also demonstrated that inhibition of CSF1R in vivo and in vitro models is associated with decreased T-cell lymphoma growth.

Conclusions:
Collectively, these findings implicate CSF1R in T-cell lymphomagenesis and have significant therapeutic implications.
Macrophage-Derived CXCL9 and CXCL10 Are Required for Antitumor Immune Responses Following Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: House Imran G. , Savas Peter , Lai Junyun , Chen Amanda X.Y. , Oliver Amanda J. , Teo Zhi L. , Todd Kirsten L. , Henderson Melissa A. , Giuffrida Lauren , Petley Emma V. , Sek Kevin , Mardiana Sherly , Gide Tuba N. , Quek Camelia , Scolyer Richard A. , Long Georgina V. , Wilmott James S. , Loi Sherene , Darcy Phillip K. , Beavis Paul A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Response rates to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB; anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4) correlate with the extent of tumor immune infiltrate, but the mechanisms underlying the recruitment of T cells following therapy are poorly characterized. A greater understanding of these processes may see the development of therapeutic interventions that enhance T-cell recruitment and, consequently, improved patient outcomes. We therefore investigated the chemokines essential for immune cell recruitment and subsequent therapeutic efficacy of these immunotherapies.

Experimental Design:
The chemokines upregulated by dual PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade were assessed using NanoString-based analysis with results confirmed at the protein level by flow cytometry and cytometric bead array. Blocking/neutralizing antibodies confirmed the requirement for key chemokines/cytokines and immune effector cells. Results were confirmed in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors using single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and paired survival analyses.

Results:
The CXCR3 ligands, CXCL9 and CXCL10, were significantly upregulated following dual PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade and both CD8+ T-cell infiltration and therapeutic efficacy were CXCR3 dependent. In both murine models and patients undergoing immunotherapy, macrophages were the predominant source of CXCL9 and their depletion abrogated CD8+ T-cell infiltration and the therapeutic efficacy of dual ICB. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of patient tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) revealed that CXCL9/10/11 was predominantly expressed by macrophages following ICB and we identified a distinct macrophage signature that was associated with positive responses to ICB.

Conclusions:
These data underline the fundamental importance of macrophage-derived CXCR3 ligands for the therapeutic efficacy of ICB and highlight the potential of manipulating this axis to enhance patient responses.
Avaliação de controles estruturais na evolução do delta do rio São Francisco utilizando métodos geofísicos
Authors: Santos Alana Aderne dos , Dominguez José Maria Landim , Dutra Alanna Costa 
Published: October 2019

O delta do rio São Francisco é uma planície arenosa de idade quaternária construída em um baixo estrutural da bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas, conhecido como Baixo do São Francisco. O limite interno do delta do São rancisco é marcado por escarpas retilíneas, que o separam da Formação Barreiras adjacente e possuem traçado coincidente com importantes falhas do arcabouço estrutural da bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas. A partir de um embasamento teórico que nos aponta a existência de um controle estrutural na formação e na evolução dos sistemas deltaicos de uma maneira geral, sugerimos uma influência da estruturação da bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas sobre o delta e tentamos inferi-la utilizando uma metodologia adequada. O presente trabalho consiste na utilização do método geofísico sísmico integrado com as informações geológicas da área, tendo como objetivo principal a avaliação dos controles estruturais existentes sobre a formação e a evolução do delta do São Francisco. A interpretação do dado sísmico 3D permitiu a individualização de cinco unidades geológicas, bem como as falhas que as recortam. A análise do dado sísmico permitiu a geração de mapas de isópacas, em profundidade, da região. Foi possível identificar, a partir da análise conjunta de todas as informações geradas e preexistentes, a presença de um conjunto de falhas que afetam de maneira direta a sedimentação na região. A análise dos dados e o conhecimento prévio da geologia da área nos levam a acreditar que as falhas observadas estariam relacionadas a uma reativação de caráter tectônico da região de estudo.
Geoquímica dos diques máficos de Brumado, porção sudeste do Bloco Gavião, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Varjão Lílian Mercês Pereira , Leal Angela Beatriz De Menezes 
Published: October 2019

No sudoeste do estado da Bahia, entre as cidades de Brumado e Caetité e mais a norte próximo às cidades de Tanque Novo, Paramirim, Botuporã, Macaúbas, Novo Horizonte e Ibitiara, ocorrem diques máficos formados em ambiente intraplaca. São toleítos continentais apresentando valores de índice de diferenciação em magnésio (mg#) entre 0,25 e 0,45, indicativos de líquidos magmáticos evoluídos. Plagioclásio e augita predominaram no processo magmático evolutivo, cujos diagramas não mostram alterações significativas por processos secundários. Os diques máficos originaram-se de fonte pouco heterogênea tipo Enriched Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (E-MORB), provavelmente com leve contribuição de fluidos tipo Ocean Island Basalt (OIB). Os dados geoquímicos sugerem influência significativa da crosta continental inferior na origem da fonte mantélica, não havendo sinais de importante contribuição sedimentar.
Análise geológico-geomorfológica da região noroeste da Ilha de São Sebastião, São Paulo: diques mesozoicos básicos e intermediários como condicionantes do relevo
Authors: Rodrigues Flávio Henrique , Valle Victor Arroyo da Silva do , Zaine José Eduardo , Cerri Rodrigo Irineu , Kolya André De Andrade , Luvizotto George Luiz 
Published: October 2019

Na Ilha de São Sebastião (SP), a diversidade geomorfológica está diretamente associada às distintas unidades geológicas, como embasamento pré-cambriano granito-gnáissico e intrusões mesozoicas representadas por dois principais conjuntos: rochas toleíticas vinculadas ao rifteamento do Atlântico Sul (Eocretáceo — aprox. 130 Ma) e magmatismo alcalino (Neocretáceo — aprox. 70 Ma) da plataforma meridional brasileira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características e propriedades litoestruturais dos diques básicos e intermediários intrudidos nos granitoides da porção noroeste da referida ilha, correlacionando-os aos distintos padrões de relevo, ou seja, feições positivas, como as cristas alongadas mais resistentes ao intemperismo e erosão, e feições negativas menos resistentes, como os vales encaixados. Por meio de medições de campo, análise petrográfica e geoprocessamento, constatou-se que a composição mineralógica e o padrão de fraturamento do embasamento e dos diques, bem como a espessura destes, são os principais fatores responsáveis pelas diferentes respostas aos processos superficiais. Os diques que condicionam as drenagens são representados por diabásios de textura variada, apresentando minerais máficos (clinopiroxênio e olivina) e plagioclásio cálcico (labradorita). Essa mineralogia se mostra mais susceptível quando comparada àquela presente nos diques associados às cristas alongadas, representados por andesitos porfiríticos, com menor proporção de minerais máficos, além de o plagioclásio presente ser predominantemente de composição sódica (oligoclásio). Verificou-se ainda que os diques de diabásio são menos espessos e têm maior densidade de fraturamento. As unidades geológicas presentes na área de estudo foram classificadas da mais suscetível a mais resistente aos processos exógenos, da seguinte maneira: diques de diabásio, embasamento granito-gnáissico e diques andesíticos.