bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Phosphorus and Boron on the Growth and Yield of French Bean
Authors: Uddin F. M. Jamil , Hadiuzzaman Mohammad , Rashid Harun Or , Karim Saedy 
Published: September 2020

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, and Mymensingh to study the effect of phosphorus and boron on the growth and yield of var. BARI Jharsheem-3 along with French bean during November 2017 to March 2018. The experiment was comprised of two factors involving number of levels viz. phosphorus had four levels 15, 20, 25 and 35 kg ha-1 and four levels of boron viz. 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg ha-1. Triple super phosphate and Borax were used as source of phosphorus and boron, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results exhibited that yield and its contributing characters were significantly influenced by the phosphorus and boron applications. The experimental findings revealed that highest number of pods per plant (4.95), pod length (13.06 cm), number of seeds per pod (4.34), and 1000-seed weight (427.99 g), seed yield (1.40 t ha-1), stover yield (1.76 t ha-1), biological yield (3.16 t ha-1) and harvest index (46%) were recorded under phosphorus level at 25 kg ha-1. The experimental findings also revealed that the highest number of pods per plant (4.91), pod length (14.45 cm), number of seeds per pod (4.36), and 1000-seed weight (427.22 g), seed yield (1.39 t ha-1), stover yield (1.68 t ha-1), biological yield (3.07 t ha-1) and harvest index (45.27 %) were recorded under boron level at 1.5 kg ha-1. In case of interaction of phosphorus and boron, the highest number of pods per plant (5.18), pod length (14.35 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (4.84), and 1000-seed weight (427.19 g), seed yield (1.86 t ha-1), stover yield (2.05 t ha-1), biological yield (3.91 t ha-1) and harvest index (47.57 %) were recorded under P level at 25 kg ha-1 and B level at1.5 kg ha-1. So it may be concluded that 25 kg P ha-1 and 1.5 kg B ha-1 could be applied to obtain higher yield of bean.
Comparative Evaluation of Influence of Three Different Obturation Techniques on Removal of Filling Material during Retreatment: An in vitro Study
Authors: Choudhary Deebah 
Published: September 2020

Aim: To evaluate the influence of various obturating techniques on retreatment teeth.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Jammu and Kashmir, India between December 2019 and February 2020.
Methodology: Sixty extracted mandibular premolars were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) based on the obturation technique adopted which endodontic treatment i.e., cold lateral compaction, thermoplasticized and GuttaFlow techniques. The samples were evaluated using micro-computed tomography for the volume before and after the retreatment to assess the remaining amount of filling material in the canals, and also the time taken for the removal of filling material during the retreatment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Post hoc test at P < 0.05.
Results: The percentage of remaining filling material was between 17%-27%. The highest percentage of remaining filling material was seen in samples obturated with GuttaFlow (P < 0.05). The time required for retreatment was highly significant in thermoplasticized technique (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The type of obturating technique influenced the amount of filling material remained in the canal after retreatment and also the time taken during this removal.
Automatic segmentation and applicator reconstruction for CT‐based brachytherapy of cervical cancer using 3D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zhang Daguang , Yang Zhiyong , Jiang Shan , Zhou Zeyang , Meng Maobin , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we present deep learning‐based approaches to automatic segmentation and applicator reconstruction with high accuracy and efficiency in the planning computed tomography (CT) for cervical cancer brachytherapy (BT). A novel three‐dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture was proposed and referred to as DSD‐UNET. The dataset of 91 patients received CT‐based BT of cervical cancer was used to train and test DSD‐UNET model for auto‐segmentation of high‐risk clinical target volume (HR‐CTV) and organs at risk (OARs). Automatic applicator reconstruction was achieved with DSD‐UNET‐based segmentation of applicator components followed by 3D skeletonization and polynomial curve fitting. Digitization of the channel paths for tandem and ovoid applicator in the planning CT was evaluated utilizing the data from 32 patients. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Jaccard Index (JI), and Hausdorff distance (HD) were used to quantitatively evaluate the accuracy. The segmentation performance of DSD‐UNET was compared with that of 3D U‐Net. Results showed that DSD‐UNET method outperformed 3D U‐Net on segmentations of all the structures. The mean DSC values of DSD‐UNET method were 86.9%, 82.9%, and 82.1% for bladder, HR‐CTV, and rectum, respectively. For the performance of automatic applicator reconstruction, outstanding segmentation accuracy was first achieved for the intrauterine and ovoid tubes (average DSC value of 92.1%, average HD value of 2.3 mm). Finally, HDs between the channel paths determined automatically and manually were 0.88 ± 0.12 mm, 0.95 ± 0.16 mm, and 0.96 ± 0.15 mm for the intrauterine, left ovoid, and right ovoid tubes, respectively. The proposed DSD‐UNET method outperformed the 3D U‐Net and could segment HR‐CTV, bladder, and rectum with relatively good accuracy. Accurate digitization of the channel paths could be achieved with the DSD‐UNET‐based method. The proposed approaches could be useful to improve the efficiency and consistency of treatment planning for cervical cancer BT.
Nanotechnology‐Based CAR‐T Strategies for Improving Efficacy and Safety of Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Meng Fanyan , Yen Ying‐Tzu , Li Rutian , Liu Baorui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTherapeutic responses to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in patients with limited treatment options have been appealing in several clinical trials. However, the efficacy of CAR‐T therapy has been challenged by several obstacles when treating patients with solid tumors, such as severe toxicities, restricted access to tumor sites, suboptimal therapeutic persistence, and manufacturing issues. Nanotechnology has the advantages of protecting CAR‐T cells from being suppressed by tumor microenvironment (TME) and favorably adapting immune‐modulating drugs’ pharmacokinetics by modifying their spatiotemporal release profiles. Loaded with nanoparticles and packed onto CAR‐T cells, immune‐modulating drugs can be delivered to the tumor site and lymph node more efficiently, stimulating the expansion and activity of CAR‐T cells. To protect normal tissues from the nonspecific toxicity of the activated CAR‐T cells, formulations are optimized toward tumor targeting delivery of nanotechnology. This review summarizes the nanotechnology strategies to improve the safety and efficacy of CAR‐T therapy. In addition, the unsolved problems existing in the clinical application of CAR‐T therapy are focused on, where study and exploration by the way of nanotechnology is needed.
Analysis of ZTE MRI application to sandstone and carbonate
Authors: Covington Kyle L. , Goroncy Alexander K. , Lehmann Teresa E. , Kou Zuhao , Wang Heng , Alvarado Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMicrotomography (μCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been used to characterize porous media for decades. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables direct visualization of pore architecture and many pulse sequences exist. In this work, we tested the MRI pulse sequence Zero Echo Time (ZTE) to study sandstone and carbonate for its ability to address short relaxation times. We aimed at resolving two fluid conduit scales, that is, pores and fractures. In this research, we study tighter porous systems than those previously reported using ZTE. Additionally, pore cluster analysis (PCA), combined with ZTE, can be used to analyze pore‐fracture connectivity of relatively large core plugs. We show that ZTE can resolve two‐scale pore systems simultaneously, that is, fractures and pores. By combining time‐domain NMR pore‐size analysis and PCA, we show that careful selection of resolution is necessary to understand transport in porous media.
Investigation of thickness and wax content of wax deposits in polyethylene pipe using a flow loop
Authors: Li Rongbin , Huang Qiyu , Zhang Dongxu , Zhu Xiangrui , Shan Jinxu , Li Zhimin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, the thickness and wax content of wax deposits were found to be thinner and lower in the polyethylene (PE) pipe than in the stainless steel (SS) pipe using a flow loop apparatus. The diffusivity of wax, radial thermal gradient, and wax precipitation rate in the PE and SS pipes were calculated and compared. It was found the diffusivity of wax in the PE pipe was higher and tended to enhance the wax deposition in the PE pipe, while the radial thermal gradient and wax precipitation rate were lower in the PE pipe and had the opposite effects. These factors are shown to be comparable with each other and the effect of the thermal gradient dominates the mass flux of wax from bulk to the oil‐deposit interface and into the deposits finally, thus causing differences in thickness and wax content of deposits between the PE and SS pipes.
Diagnosis of Chediak Higashi disease in a 67‐year old woman
Authors: Yarnell David S. , Roney Joseph C. , Teixeira Cláudia , Freitas Maria I. , Cipriano Ana , Leuschner Pedro , Krzewski Konrad , Stephen Joshi , Dorward Heidi , Gahl William A. , Gochuico Bernadette R. , Toro Camilo , Malicdan May C. , Introne Wendy J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChediak‐Higashi disease is a rare disease caused by bi‐allelic mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene, LYST. Individuals typically present in early childhood with partial oculocutaneous albinism, a bleeding diathesis, recurrent infections secondary to immune dysfunction, and risk of developing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Without intervention, mortality is high in the first decade of life. However, some individuals with milder phenotypes have attenuated hematologic and immunologic presentations, and lower risk of HLH. Both classic and milder phenotypes develop progressive neurodegeneration in early adulthood. Here we present a remarkable patient diagnosed with Chediak‐Higashi disease at age 67, many decades after the diagnosis is usually established. Diagnosis was suspected by observing the pathognomonic granules within leukocytes, and confirmed by identification of bi‐allelic mutations in LYST, reduced LYST mRNA expression, enlarged lysosomes within fibroblasts, and decreased NK cell lytic activity. This case further expands the phenotype of Chediak‐Higashi disease and highlights the need for increased awareness. Individuals with milder phenotypes may escape early diagnosis, but identification is important for close monitoring of potential complications, and to further our understanding of the function of LYST.
Polymethine‐Based Semiconducting Polymer Dots with Narrow‐Band Emission and Absorption/Emission Maxima at NIR‐II for Bioimaging
Authors: Liu Ming‐Ho , Zhang Zhe , Yang Yu‐Chi , Chan Yang‐Hsiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDeep‐penetration fluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window heralds a new era of clinical surgery, in which high‐resolution vascular/lymphatic anatomy and detailed cancerous tissues can be visualized in real time. Described here is a series of polymethine‐based semiconducting polymers with intrinsic emission maxima in the NIR‐IIa (1300–1400 nm) window and absorption maxima ranging from 1082 to 1290 nm. These polymers were prepared as semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) in aqueous solutions with fluorescence quantum yields of 0.05–0.18 %, and they demonstrate promising applications in noninvasive through‐skull brain imaging in live mice with remarkable spatial resolution as well as signal‐to‐background contrast. This study offers a platform for future design of NIR‐IIa or even NIR‐IIb emitting Pdots.
Ligand‐Controlled Copper‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Carbonylative Synthesis of α‐Amino Ketones and α‐Boryl Amides from Imines and Alkyl Iodides
Authors: Wu Fu‐Peng , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRegioselective transformation is among the long‐standing challenges in organic synthesis. In this communication, a copper‐catalyzed selectivity controlled regiodivergent borocarbonylation of imines with alkyl iodides has been developed. Various α‐amino ketones and α‐boryl amides were produced in moderate to good yields from the same substrates. The choice of the ligand is key for the regioselectivity control: α‐amino ketones were produced selectively in good yields with (p‐CF3C6H4)3P as the ligand, whereas the corresponding α‐boryl amides were obtained with high regioselectivities when using MeIMes as the ligand.
A Mixed Heavier Si=Ge Analogue of a Vinyl Anion
Authors: Majhi Paresh Kumar , Huch Volker , Scheschkewitz David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe versatile reactivities of disilenides and digermenide, heavier analogues of vinyl anions, have significantly expanded the pool of silicon and germanium compounds with various unexpected structural motifs in the past two decades. We now report the synthesis and isolation of a cyclic heteronuclear vinyl anion analogue with a Si=Ge bond, potassium silagermenide as stable thf‐solvate and 18‐c‐6 solvate by the KC8reduction of germylene or digermene precursors. Its suitability as synthon for the synthesis of functional silagermenes is proven by the reactions with chlorosilane and chlorophospane to yield the corresponding silyl‐ and phosphanyl‐silagermenes. X‐ray crystallographic analysis, UV/Vis spectroscopy and DFT calculations revealed a significant degree of π‐conjugation between N=C and Si=Ge double bonds in the title compound.
Electrochemical B−H Nitrogenation: Access to Amino Acid and BODIPY‐Labeled nido‐Carboranes
Authors: Yang Long , Bongsuiru Jei Becky , Scheremetjew Alexej , Kuniyil Rositha , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElectrocatalyzed oxidative B−H nitrogenations of nido‐carborane (nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12−) with N‐heterocycles have been established, enabling the preparation of various N‐substituted nido‐carboranes without chemical oxidants or metal catalyst under ambient conditions. The electrolysis manifold occurred with high levels of efficiency as well as chemo‐ and position‐ selectivity, employing sustainable electricity as the sole oxidant. The strategy set the stage for a user‐friendly access to novel amino acid and fluorogenic boron‐dipyrrin (BODIPY)‐labeled nido‐carborane hybrids.
Using an Academic‐Practice Partnership to Implement a Perioperative Nursing Elective in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program
Authors: Rogers Carol E. , Wilcox Jeana , Bodine-Ford Victoria 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTMany perioperative nurses are reaching retirement age and hospital leaders are experiencing difficulty with maintaining staffing levels. When baccalaureate nursing students seek employment after graduation, they may not consider perioperative nursing because of a lack of familiarity with the specialty. Faculty members at one college of nursing collaborated with hospital leaders in Oklahoma and developed a perioperative nursing elective course to address this gap. During the first three years of the partnership, 34 students completed the course. Nine students accepted perioperative nurse externships and nine graduates accepted perioperative nurse positions. All the students who completed the perioperative nursing course passed the NCLEX‐RN examination on the first attempt. The academic‐practice leaders continue to offer the course as a strategy to recruit perioperative nurses in Oklahoma. This article describes a process for developing a perioperative nursing elective course to prepare baccalaureate nursing students for employment after graduation.
Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of BmSOD3 in silkworm (Bombyx mori)
Authors: Shi Guiqin , Shen Jiaxin , Ren Fei , Yang Weikai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSuperoxide dismutases (SODs) play an essential role in eliminating excess reactive oxygen species and maintaining the redox balance of the immune system. To study the function of BmSOD3 in silkworm, 543‐bp full‐length complementary DNA‐encoding BmSOD3 was cloned from silkworm. The BmSOD3 amino acids were compared to their homologs, and several highly conserved regions were analyzed. We also carried out phylogenetic analyses of the SOD gene. Our results showed that the BmSOD3 gene belonged with the ecCu/Zn SOD gene. The BmSOD3 gene was transformed into the pET28a vector for functional expression in Escherichia coli. The sodium salt‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results showed that the molecular weight of recombinant BmSOD3 was about 22 kDa. The recombinant protein BmSOD3 was purified to detect its properties. After purification analyses, the enzyme activity showed Cu/Zn SOD activity, and the specific activity of the purified enzyme was 0.51 U/mg. The BmSOD3 transcripts showed tissue‐specific expression in the midgut and malpighian tubule. The immune microarray data for BmSOD3 showed an expression signal that had a strong response to the induction of four pathogens (Bacillus bombyseptieus, Beauveria bassiana, E. coli, and nuclear polyhedrosis virus), particularly after infection for 24 h, which indicates that the BmSOD3 gene plays a key role in response to bacterial, fungal, and viral invasion. The fusion protein also showed antibacterial activity against E. coli in vitro. Thus, the fusion protein BmSOD3 exhibits antibacterial activity and may be used in production to combat diseases caused by bacteria in silkworm.
Multimodal treatment of persistent postural–perceptual dizziness
Authors: Axer Hubertus , Finn Sigrid , Wassermann Alexander , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando , Klingner Carsten M. , Witte Otto W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPersistent postural–perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic disorder with fluctuating symptoms of dizziness, unsteadiness, or vertigo for at least three months. Its pathophysiological mechanisms give theoretical support for the use of multimodal treatment. However, there are different therapeutic programs and principles available, and their clinical effectiveness remains elusive.MethodsA database of patients who participated in a day care multimodal treatment program was analyzed regarding the therapeutic effects on PPPD. Vertigo Severity Scale (VSS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were assessed before and 6 months after therapy.ResultsOf a total of 657 patients treated with a tertiary care multimodal treatment program, 46.4% met the criteria for PPPD. PPPD patients were younger than patients with somatic diagnoses and complained more distress due to dizziness. 63.6% completed the follow‐up questionnaire. All patients showed significant changes in VSS and HADS anxiety, but the PPPD patients generally showed a tendency to improve more than the patients with somatic diagnoses. The change in the autonomic–anxiety subscore of VSS only reached statistical significance when comparing PPPD with somatic diagnoses (p = .002).ConclusionsTherapeutic principles comprise cognitive–behavioral therapy, vestibular rehabilitation exercises, and serotonergic medication. However, large‐scale, randomized, controlled trials are still missing. Follow‐up observations after multimodal interdisciplinary therapy reveal an improvement in symptoms in most patients with chronic dizziness. The study was not designed to detect diagnosis‐specific effects, but patients with PPPD and patients with other vestibular disorders benefit from multimodal therapies.
Appendix muscle bands, a forgotten entity
Authors: Handra‐Luca Adriana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionAppendix muscle bands (AMB) develop from the appendix muscle layer into the mesoappendix. There are few recent publications on this forgotten entity. The objectives of this study were to assess the morphological features of AMB as detected at microscopy examination of appendectomy specimens.MethodsSixty‐six cases of AMB as detected on appendectomy specimens were assessed for microscopy features on routine hematoxilin and eosin stained tissue slides. The morphological features were analyzed with regard to the main clinico‐pathological parameters.ResultsAMBs were multiple in 35 cases. Most AMBs were located between the tip and cecal limit, 7 at the tip, and 1 at the cecal limit of the appendectomy specimen. Associated appendix lesions were: acute appendicitis, neuroma, mesoappendix cyst, muscle hiatus, and diverticulae (60,6,2,45, and 1, respectively). In 24 appendices, the AMB developed from the perihiatus muscle. Two microscopy types of AMBs were detected: muscle‐AMB and mesoappendix‐AMB.ConclusionAMB may be detected incidentally at microscopy of appendectomy specimens. Acute appendicitis was associated in most cases, independently on the microscopy type of AMB. Appendix abnormalities as neuroma, mesoappendix cyst, muscle hiatus, and diverticulae can be associated to AMBs.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Avelumab in early stage resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Tfayli Arafat , Al Assaad Majd , Fakhri Ghina , Akel Reem , Atwi Hanine , Ghanem Hady , El Karak Fadi , Farhat Fadi , Al Rabi Kamal , Sfeir Pierre , Youssef Pierre , Mansour Ziad , Assi Hazem , Haidar Mohamad , Abi Ghanem Alain , Khalifeh Ibrahim , Boulos Fouad , Mahfouz Ramy , Youssef Bassem , Zeidan Youssef , Bejjany Rachelle , Khuri Fadlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultiple randomized studies have shown that combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) leads to better response rates and survival as compared to chemotherapy alone in the advanced stage of NSCLC. Data suggesting a benefit to using ICIs in the neoadjuvant therapy of patients with early stage NSCLC are emerging. Eligible subjects were treatment naïve patients with stage IB, II, and resectable IIIA NSCLC. Patients received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with four doses of avelumab every 2 weeks. Patients with squamous cell cancer received cisplatin or carboplatin on day 1 and gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 of each cycle of chemotherapy. Patients with nonsquamous histology received cisplatin or carboplatin with pemetrexed on day 1 of each cycle. Patients then proceeded to their planned surgery. Out of 15 patients accrued as part of stage 1 of the study, four had a radiologic response (1 complete response), lower than the minimum of six responses needed to continue to phase 2 of the study. The study was therefore terminated. Majority had adenocarcinoma histology and stage IIIA disease. The treatment was well tolerated with no unexpected side effects. Four patients (26.7%) had grade III/IV CTCAE toxicity. This study confirms that the preoperative administration of chemotherapy and avelumab is safe. There was no indication of increased surgical complications. The benefit of adding immunotherapy to chemotherapy did not appear to enhance the overall response rate of patients in the neoadjuvant setting in patients with resectable NSCLC because this study failed to meet its primary endpoint.