bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome and gene expression analysis ofRhynchophorus ferrugineus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during developmental stages
Authors: Yang Hongjun , Xu Danping , Zhuo Zhihang , Hu Jiameng , Lu Baoqian 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundRed palm weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineusOlivier, is one of the most destructive pests harming palm trees. However, genomic resources forR. ferrugineusare still lacking, limiting the ability to discover molecular and genetic means of pest control.MethodsIn this study, PacBio Iso-Seq and Illumina RNA-seq were used to generate transcriptome from three developmental stages ofR. ferrugineus(pupa, 7th-instar larva, adult) to increase the understanding of the life cycle and molecular characteristics of the pest.ResultsSequencing generated 625,983,256 clean reads, from which 63,801 full-length transcripts were assembled with N50 of 3,547 bp. Expression analyses revealed 8,583 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Moreover, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to the peroxisome pathway which associated with metabolic pathways, material transportation and organ tissue formation. In summary, this work provides a valuable basis for further research on the growth and development, gene expression and gene prediction, and pest control ofR. ferrugineus.
The Impact of Early Child Care and Development Education on Cognitive, Psychomotor, and Affective Domains of Learning
Authors: Dorji Phub , Gyeltshen Chencho , Sanyasi Geeta D. , Sithub Phub , Dema Tenzin , Yangzom . , Choden Yeshi 
Published: November 2020

Aims: This study examined the impact of early child care and development (ECCD) education on psychomotor, affective and cognitive domains of learning in elementary school students.
Study Design: This descriptive study employed qualitative and quantitative methods.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in five schools under Chukha Dzongkhag for a period of one year (2019-2020).
Sample: This study involved a survey of teachers and observation of students in 5 schools of Chhukha district. Seventy three teachers were selected to fill out the questionnaire using homogenous sampling technique and 6 students were selected as participants for observation using simple random sampling technique.
Methodology: Quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires, and documents and artifacts while qualitative data were gathered through observation for this descriptive study. The data collected from questionnaire, document and artifact and observation were triangulated to facilitate validation of data through cross verification and strengthen the findings of the study.
Results: The results indicated positive impact of ECCD on elementary school students’ academic performance. In particular, the analysis revealed that ECCD education has the highest level of impact on students’ psychomotor performance, followed by affective and cognitive performance.
Conclusion: In view of these findings, the researchers recommend the ECCD education programme developers and instructors to look for a balanced curriculum that ensure equal development of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of learning.
Is the Lateral Decubitus Position Safe and Easy for Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy?
Authors: Yuksel Cemil , Culcu Serdar , Celasin Haydar 
Published: November 2020

Aims: In this study, we compared the results of laparoscopic distal pancreatic surgery performed in the classical supine position and lateral decubitus position.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Place and Duration of Study: The files of 12 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in the General Surgery Clinic of our hospital between January 2017 and June 2020 were found by scanning the electronic file system of the hospital.
Methodology: Patients who underwent open surgery and whose data were not available, who had distant metastases, had a history of surgery due to other malignancies and those younger than 18 years were excluded from the study. All data were collected by the data collection assistant who was a general surgery and surgical oncology specialist. Clinicopathological records, inpatient treatment epicrisis, radiological examination reports, pathology reports and demographic information of the patients were reviewed.
Results: LDP was applied to 9 (75%) patients and LDP + splenectomy procedure was applied to 3 (25%) patients. Postoperative complications were seen in 2 (12.6%) patients. The average operation time was 199.58 minutes. The amount of perioperative bleeding was 111.25 ml. The average length of stay in the hospital is 5.83 ± 0.6 days. All of the patients are alive and the mean survival time is 16.91 ± 2.38 months, with no recurrence.
Conclusion: We think that LP provides a significant advantage to the surgeon, since it provides a better viewing angle and facilitates colon mobilization and stomach retraction. This argument can be supported by more patient numbers and studies.
Neonatal Bacterial Sepsis and Its Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Tunio Abdul Hameed , Mugheri Delijan , Khan Muhammad , Bhatti Wasim Sarwar , Soomro Abdul Majeed , Ghumro Pir Bux , Alolayan Sultan Othman , Malhani Waseem Abbas , Baloch Nadeem , Mangi Altaf Ali , Ahraf Zehra , Lashari Saika , Baloch Kanwal , Arain Shumaila Parveen 
Published: November 2020

Background: The drug resistance and pathogens are different in various Hospitals of any country. Very high resistance pattern is observed nowadays to the frequently used antibiotics. The important observation has been noted that most of the doctors do not obtain blood cultures before start of the antibiotics, which becomes competent source of resistance. For the same purpose, this study has been done to find out the responsible microbes causing ailment and their susceptibility towards antibiotics to plan early and effective management.
Materials and Methods: A number of 100 new borns admitted in the NICU CMC Children Hospital Larkana with signs and symptoms of sepsis were included in this research work. The study will help in provision of a comprehensive record on microorganisms causing sepsis in the neonates and their antibiotic sensitivity. The epidemiology and presence of neonatal sepsis in particular area makes it more easy and convenient to implement the rationale of empirical antibiotic strategy. Results: From100 neonatal blood samples taken for culture, only 21 proved to be positive which stands 21%. In majority gram positive bacteria were found in (85.71%=18 cases) and gram negative bacteria stood (14.28%=3 cases).Staphylococcus species were found on the large scale (52.38%=11 cases) secondly Streptococcus species (33.33%=7 cases) and the remaining were Escherichia species being least common (14.28%=3 cases).
Conclusion: Staphylococcus species provided major share as gram positive bacteria and Escherichia species were found to be major gram negative bacterial population responsible for neonatal sepsis. Profound resistance pattern is seen against widely used antibiotics. It is mandatory to have a routine check over the antibiotic resistance.
Update on cancer control in women
Authors: Boyle P. , Maisonneuve P. , Autier P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe global cancer burden in women appears to have stabilized according to the most recent estimates available although the distribution of cancer types appears to be changing with a sharp contrast between the increase in the absolute numbers of breast cancers and a decline in cervix cancers. Prospects for cancer control in women appear to be good within our current knowledge and deserve close attention. Rates of lung cancer in women are increasing substantially in many countries and seem set to overtake breast cancer as the commonest form of cancer death in women in many parts of the world. These changes are due to the effects of cigarette smoking, a habit which women widely embraced during the second half of the last century. The high levels of smoking currently in young women, which have yet to have their full impact on death rates, constitute an important hazard not only for future cancer risks but for several other important causes of death. There is strong and consistent evidence that increased consumption levels of fruit and vegetables is associated with reduced risks of many common forms of cancer including breast cancer. Although the breast is the commonest form of cancer in women in most western countries, the etiology of this disease remains elusive and preventable causes remain to be identified. Endogenous hormones also appear to have a role in cancer risk in women: oral contraceptives seem to increase slightly the risk of breast cancer in users in the use and in the immediate post‐use period, but 10 years after cessation the risk again returns to that of never users. Oral contraceptive usage also appears to be protective against ovarian and endometrial cancer. The use of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) appears to increase the risk of endometrial cancer and a positive association with breast cancer risk appears to exist. Within our current knowledge of the epidemiology of cancer in women, the most important preventive strategies would appear to be the prevention of cigarette smoking and increased dietary intake of vegetables and fruits. Screening has also shown to be effective in reducing incidence and mortality of cervix cancer and mortality from breast cancer. Although more work is needed, it is becoming clear that there could be an important role of HPV testing to further enhance cervix cancer screening. There are important variations in survival from a variety of cancers which are due to factors unrelated to the tumor behavior and that there are significant variations in survival from cancer. Reduction of these gaps could lead to a reduction in cancer mortality and contribute towards increased prospects for cancer control in women.
Clinical management of agitation in the elderly with tiapride
Authors: Robert P.H. , Allain H. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryAgitated behaviors such as uncooperativeness with necessary care, motor hyperactivity, and verbal or physical aggression are some of the most commonly reported complications in dementia and organic disorders in elderly subjects. These symptoms present greater clinical challenges and management issues than the cognitive deficits. Antipsychotics are the most commonly used psychotropic agents for treating these types of symptoms.The aims of this article are to review clinical studies with tiapride, a substituted benzamide, and more specifically to present recent data coming from two double-blind, randomized studies in elderly subjects.The first study versus melperone was conducted in Germany, with over 176 hospitalized demented patients, and indicated that tiapride was as effective and safe as melperone.More recently, a multicentre, international, double-blind, three-parallel group study compared a 21-day treatment of tiapride to haloperidol and placebo and included 306 demented elderly patients with agitation and aggressiveness. The results showed that tiapride and haloperidol were significantly effective in the treatment of agitation and aggressiveness compared to placebo. The tiapride safety profile was found to be better than haloperidol for clinical acceptability, particularly for significantly fewer extrapyramidal symptoms in the tiapride group.
Mind in Life in Architecture: A Conversation with Architectural Historian Alberto Pérez‐Gómez
Authors: Ritchie Ian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn a wide‐ranging interview, Guest‐Editor Ian Ritchie asks Alberto Pérez‐Gómez, the Saidye Rosner Bronfman Professor of the History and Theory of Architecture at McGill University, Montreal, about architecture and human perception. Architecture, Pérez‐Gómez explains, operates as a communicative setting for societies; its beauty and its meaning lie in its connection to human health and self‐understanding.
Losing Myself: Designing for People with Dementia
Authors: McLaughlin Níall 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArchitect and Professor of Architectural Practice at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London, Níall McLaughlin describes his research into dementia and Alzheimer's disease. He explains the thinking behind his practice's design for an Alzheimer's Respite Centre in Dublin, and his subsequent collaboration with fellow Bartlett Professor of Architecture and Experimental Practice Yeoryia Manolopoulou in the creation of an installation about these themes at the Venice Architecture Biennale.
Mind Landscapes: Navigation, Habitat and Imagination
Authors: Corner James 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLandscapes should be seen not as constituencies of things, animate or inanimate, but as continuous fields, visceral milieux of intersecting social situations, shifting topologies and personal mythologies. The ‘drawing’ of an individual's cognitive map is the residual sediment of their journey through these ambiences. Landscape architect and theorist James Corner explains his conception of landscape and its synthesis with mind.
News from Nowhere: A Biological Reading
Authors: Mallgrave Harry Francis 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGood architects have always understood that the embodied experience of architecture is multisensory and depends on a variety of parameters that number more than the usually named senses. These parameters are expanding as scientists are beginning to understand the sympathetic resonance between ourselves and others, between our organic bearing and the environment in which we dwell. Harry Frances Mallgrave, architect, scholar, editor and Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Illinois Institute of Technology, navigates us through this terrain.
Plant Consciousness: Towards an Architecture of Expanded Kinship
Authors: Todd Andrew 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNeuroscience and phenomenology are valuable tools for architects who wish to increase our engagement with the world as a commonly lived nexus, rather than as a locus of showing‐off and design‐branding. Andrew Todd, architect, argues that our connection with the world can be extended by deeper consideration of plants and their role in architecture.
Wicked Neuroarchitecture: Reciprocity, Shapeshifting Problems and a Case for Embodied Knowledge
Authors: Zisch Fiona 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWicked problems are difficult or impossible to solve because of incomplete, changing or even contradictory conditions. Both architecture and neuroscience work on wicked problems as a matter of course. The utilisation of evidence‐based design by some neuroarchitecture researchers implies that architecture is subservient to neuroscience, simply a matter of designing brain impulses. Fiona Zisch, lecturer in architecture and a neuroarchitecture researcher based in London and Innsbruck, suggests otherwise.
Printing Multi‐Material Organic Haptic Actuators
Authors: Zhai Yichen , Wang Zhijian , Kwon Kye‐Si , Cai Shengqiang , Lipomi Darren J. , Ng Tse Nga 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHaptic actuators generate touch sensations and provide realism and depth in human–machine interactions. A new generation of soft haptic interfaces is desired to produce the distributed signals over large areas that are required to mimic natural touch interactions. One promising approach is to combine the advantages of organic actuator materials and additive printing technologies. This powerful combination can lead to devices that are ergonomic, readily customizable, and economical for researchers to explore potential benefits and create new haptic applications. Here, an overview of emerging organic actuator materials and digital printing technologies for fabricating haptic actuators is provided. In particular, the focus is on the challenges and potential solutions associated with integration of multi‐material actuators, with an eye toward improving the fidelity and robustness of the printing process. Then the progress in achieving compact, lightweight haptic actuators by using an open‐source extrusion printer to integrate different polymers and composites in freeform designs is reported. Two haptic interfaces—a tactile surface and a kinesthetic glove—are demonstrated to show that printing with organic materials is a versatile approach for rapid prototyping of various types of haptic devices.
A Function‐Separated Design of Electrode for Realizing High‐Performance Hybrid Zinc Battery
Authors: Zhong Yijun , Xu Xiaomin , Liu Pengyun , Ran Ran , Jiang San Ping , Wu Hongwei , Shao Zongping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA rechargeable hybrid zinc battery is developed for reaching high power density and high energy density simultaneously by introducing an alkaline Zn–transition metal compound (Zn–MX) battery function into a Zn–air battery. However, the conventional single‐layer electrode design cannot satisfy the requirements of both a hydrophilic interface for facilitating ionic transfer to maximize the Zn–MX battery function and a hydrophobic interface for promoting gas diffusion to maximize the Zn–air battery function. Here, a function‐separated design is proposed, which allocates the two battery functions to the two faces of the cathode. The electrode is composed of a hydrophobic MnS layer decorated with Ni–Co–S nanoclusters that allows for smooth gas diffusion and efficient oxygen electrocatalysis and a hydrophilic NixCo1−xS2 layer that favors fast ionic transfer and superior performance for energy storage. The battery with the function‐separated electrode shows a high short‐term discharge voltage of ≈1.7 V, an excellent high‐rate galvanostatic discharge–charge with a power density up to 153 mW cm−2 at 100 mA cm−2, a good round‐trip efficiency of 75% at 5 mA cm−2, and a robust cycling stability for 330 h with an excellent voltage gap of ≈0.7 V at 5 mA cm−2.
Growth decline mechanism of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. dintanensis in the canyon area of Guizhou Karst Plateau
Authors: Yu Yanghua , Song Yanping , Zhong Xinping , Li Yitong , Ying Bin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractZanthoxylum planispinum var. dintanensis is an ecological and economic tree species widely planted in the canyon area of the Guizhou Karst Plateau. However, the rapid growth decline of its plantation in large scale has become one of the major environmental problems affecting vegetation restoration and the consolidation of the achievements of rocky desertification control. In this study, we collected soil samples in the full bloom period (March) and the vigorous growth period (June) from the declining and normal‐growing Z. planispinum var. dintanensis communities. Through analyzing fertility quality indexes such as water content and nutrient levels, the mechanism of water–fertilizer coupling affecting the growth decline of Z. planispinum var. dintanensis plantation was explored. The results showed that the pH of soil was about 7.0, and there was no significant difference between the two types of communities. The surface soil water content of the declining community was <20%, which was significantly lower than that of the normal‐growing Z. planispinum var. dintanensis community. The deficiency of quick‐acting nutrients (e.g., available Ca, Mg, and B) and the imbalance of the medium and trace elements could cause the growth decline of Z. planispinum var. dintanensis, indicating that we should pay attention to the addition of quick‐acting nutrients and their stoichiometry in the management process of Z. planispinum var. dintanensis. The comprehensive analysis showed that the decrease of soil water content induced the water–fertilizer coupling deficit effect, which might be one of the reasons for the growth decline of the Z. planispinum var. dintanensis community, in view of the fact that there are many factors causing the growth decline of artificial forest and the mechanism is complex. In the future, it is necessary to systematically study the growth decline of Z. planispinum var. dintanensis community from the perspectives of environmental media, root exudates, plant endogenous hormones, soil microorganisms, and water–fertilizer coupling based on the variations in time and space.
Micro‐computed tomography for the 3D time‐resolved investigation of monodisperse droplet generation in a co‐flow setup
Authors: Schuler Julia , Neuendorf Laura Maria , Petersen Kai , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDroplet generation in microfluidic devices has emerged as a promising approach for the design of highly controllable processes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. However, droplet generation is still not fully understood due to the complexity of the underlying physics. In this work, micro‐computed tomography is applied to investigate droplet formation in a circular channel in a co‐flow configuration at different flow conditions (Ca < 0.001). The application of an in‐house developed scanning protocol assisted by comprehensive image processing allows for the time‐resolved investigation of droplet formation. By tracking different droplet parameters (length, radii, volume, surface, Laplace pressure) the effect of flow conditions on droplet progression is determined. As characteristic for the squeezing regime, final droplet size was nearly independent of Ca for higher Ca tested. For lower Ca, the final droplet size increased with decreasing Ca, which points to the leaking regime that was recently introduced in the literature.
Training Young Adult Peers in a Mobile Motivational Interviewing‐Based Mentoring Approach to Upstream HIV Prevention
Authors: Bonar Erin E. , Wolfe James R. , Drab Ryan , Stephenson Rob , Sullivan Patrick S. , Chavanduka Tanaka , Hailu Benyam , Guest Jodie L. , Bauermeister José 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMentoring relationships are characterized by a sustained, high quality, and skill‐building relationship between a protégé and mentor (Handbook of Youth Mentoring, Los Angeles, SAGE, 2014). Within prevention science, youth mentoring programs emphasize creating a specific context that benefits a young person. Program‐sponsored relationships between youth and adults allow for creating a mentor–mentee partnership, but do not require the establishment of a strong bond in order to deliver prevention‐focused activities and experiences (Handbook of Youth Mentoring, Los Angeles, SAGE, 2014). Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a counseling style used widely to promote health behavior change and in prevention interventions. As part of an upstream approach to HIV prevention, we combined mentoring and MI by training peer mentors to use MI skills in their interactions as part of a large RCT of a mobile life skills intervention for adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM). Our training model developed for training peer mentors in MI skills resulted in peers reaching and exceeding established MI fidelity thresholds (e.g., mean percentage of complex reflections = 80%, mean reflection to question ratio = 2.2:1). We offer reflections on lessons learned and future directions for those researchers and practitioners who may benefit from adapting this blended approach for mentoring AMSM.