bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial, Cytocompatible, Sustainably Sourced: Cellulose Membranes with Bifunctional Peptides for Advanced Wound Dressings
Authors: Weishaupt Ramon , Zünd Janina N. , Heuberger Lukas , Zuber Flavia , Faccio Greta , Robotti Francesco , Ferrari Aldo , Fortunato Giuseppino , Ren Qun , Maniura‐Weber Katharina , Guex Anne Géraldine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProgressive antibiotic resistance is a serious condition adding to the challenges associated with skin wound treatment, and antibacterial wound dressings with alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed. Cellulose‐based membranes are increasingly considered as wound dressings, necessitating further functionalization steps. A bifunctional peptide, combining an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and a cellulose binding peptide (CBP), is designed. AMPs affect bacteria via multiple modes of action, thereby reducing the evolutionary pressure selecting for antibiotic resistance. The bifunctional peptide is successfully immobilized on cellulose membranes of bacterial origin or electrospun fibers of plant‐derived cellulose, with tight control over peptide concentrations (0.2 ± 0.1 to 4.6 ± 1.6 µg mm−2). With this approach, new materials with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (log4 reduction) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (log1 reduction) are developed. Furthermore, membranes are cytocompatible in cultures of human fibroblasts. Additionally, a cell adhesive CBP‐RGD peptide is designed and immobilized on membranes, inducing a 2.2‐fold increased cell spreading compared to pristine cellulose. The versatile concept provides a toolbox for the functionalization of cellulose membranes of different origins and architectures with a broad choice in peptides. Functionalization in tris‐buffered saline avoids further purification steps, allowing for translational research and multiple applications outside the field of wound dressings.
A Scalable Nickel–Cellulose Hybrid Metamaterial with Broadband Light Absorption for Efficient Solar Distillation
Authors: Yuan Yang , Dong Changlin , Gu Jiajun , Liu Qinglei , Xu Jian , Zhou Chenxin , Song Guofen , Chen Wenshu , Yao Lulu , Zhang Di 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSophisticated metastructures are usually required to broaden the inherently narrowband plasmonic absorption of light for applications such as solar desalination, photodetection, and thermoelectrics. Here, nonresonant nickel nanoparticles (diameters < 20 nm) are embedded into cellulose microfibers via a nanoconfinement effect, producing an intrinsically broadband metamaterial with 97.1% solar‐weighted absorption. Interband transitions rather than plasmonic resonance dominate the optical absorption throughout the solar spectrum due to a high density of electronic states near the Fermi level of nickel. Field solar purification of sewage and seawater based on the metamaterial demonstrates high solar‐to‐water efficiencies of 47.9–65.8%. More importantly, the solution‐processed metamaterial is mass‐producible (1.8 × 0.3 m2), low‐cost, flexible, and durable (even effective after 7 h boiling in water), which are critical to the commercialization of portable solar‐desalination and domestic‐water‐purification devices. This work also broadens material choices beyond plasmonic metals for the light absorption in photothermal and photocatalytic applications.
Evidence for Interfacial Octahedral Coupling as a Route to Enhance Magnetoresistance in Perovskite Oxide Superlattices
Authors: Zhou Yu , Kouser Summayya , Borisevich Albina Y. , Pantelides Sokrates T. , May Steven J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEngineering octahedral rotations in oxide heterostructures is a promising route for controlling magnetic properties in perovskites, with recent work focusing on magnetic‐ordering temperatures and magnetic anisotropies. Here the effects of interfacial octahedral coupling on magnetoresistance are demonstrated in a series of (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3)n/(LaFeO3)10 superlattices grown on (001)‐ and (111)‐oriented SrTiO3 substrates. The different crystallographic orientations allow for the interfacial octahedral connectivity to be tuned, with weaker interfacial coupling present at the (001)‐oriented than the (111)‐oriented structures as revealed by density functional theory calculations. In n = 14 superlattices, the effect of orientation on the physical properties is minimal with both (001)‐ and (111)‐oriented samples exhibiting similar magnetoresistance. As the fraction of interfacial volume within the LSMO layers is increased by decreasing n, the magnetoresistive behavior of the samples diverges with significantly larger magnetoresistance magnitudes present in the (111)‐oriented superlattices. The results are consistent with octahedral coupling playing a greater role in the functional properties at (111)‐heterointerfaces and demonstrate a structure‐driven approach to tuning interfacial magnetoresistance in complex‐oxide heterostructures.
Polymer‐Stabilized Monodomain Blue Phase Diffraction Grating
Authors: Manda Ramesh , Pagidi Srinivas , Heo Yun Jin , Lim Young Jin , Kim Min Su , Lee Seung Hee 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe structural beauty of liquid crystalline blue phases is attested not only by their colorful optical micrographic textures but also by optical isotropy. More importantly, the homogeneity of the structures influences greatly to the electro‐optic properties. In this work, how the lattice orientation in polymer‐stabilized blue phase liquid crystal (PS‐BPLC) diffraction grating affects phase‐modulated diffraction efficiency is elaborated. A well‐arranged monodomain structure of blue phase is achieved and its diffraction capability is compared with multidomain PS‐BPLC. The diffraction efficiency in the zeroth order of monodomain PS‐BPLC is improved by 9% compared to that of multidomain structure. In addition, both driving and threshold voltages in monodomain PS‐BPLC are decreased by 29% and 30%, respectively, compared to those in multidomain PS‐BPLC owing to the regular arrangement of cubic lattices that give rise to increase in the coherence length and unified response in molecular reorientation under electric fields. Furthermore, the monodomain PS‐BPLC shows an efficient polarization conversion of linear polarization into circular polarization. It is believed that the device exhibits great potential to be used as a polarization converter or beam steering devices.
Fabrication of Platinum Villus Overlaid Porous Carbon Nanoweb Layers for Hydrogen Gas Sensor Application
Authors: Na Wonjoo , Kim Yun Ki , Kim Wooyoung , Kim Jungwon , Kim Sung Gun , Lee Yeri , Jang Jyongsik 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPlatinum (Pt) villus structure is introduced on the porous carbon nanoweb layers (PCNWLs) by electrochemical deposition under acidic condition. The PCNWLs are simply fabricated by spin‐coating method with a polymer mixture solution, and by sequential thermal treatment. The Pt structure grows from particle to villus shape with different deposition voltages. Moreover, the size of Pt villus structures increases with the increase in the concentration of Pt precursor from 0.1 × 10−3 to 5 × 10−3 m. The Pt villus overlaid porous carbon nanoweb layers (PtPCNWLs)‐based hydrogen gas (H2) sensor demonstrates excellent gas sensing performances due to its catalytic hydrogen gas sensing mechanism. The minimum detection level (MDL) of the PtPCNWLs‐based H2 gas sensor is 10 ppm and exhibits linear range from 10 to 200 ppm. The PtPCNWLs‐based H2 gas sensor also demonstrates excellent cyclic stability, reusability, and durability.
Exciton Character and High‐Performance Stimulated Emission of Hybrid Lead Bromide Perovskite Polycrystalline Film
Authors: Shi Jiangjian , Li Yiming , Wu Jionghua , Wu Huijue , Luo Yanhong , Li Dongmei , Jasieniak Jacek J. , Meng Qingbo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectronic states of hybrid perovskites enable their exceptional optoelectronic applications. Herein, through heterojunction enhanced exciton dissociation and global tracing of multiple radiative electronic states across wide temperature regions, it has been found that excitons while not free carriers dominate the bandedge photoelectric properties of hybrid lead bromide perovskite (MAPbBr3). MAPbBr3 has exhibited two types of excitons with giant binding energies and superior phase stability. A bound exciton (BE) has been clearly confirmed according to a saturated photo‐induced bleaching behavior and a correlation of the exciton to the perovskite deep trap state. By stabilizing the excitonic phase of polycrystalline MAPbBr3, impressively low‐threshold and high‐gain stimulated emission from the BE has been realized at room temperature. Overall, this work provides new insight into the photophysics characteristics of the hybrid perovskite and more importantly brings huge opportunities for exploiting perovskite excitonic mechanism to realize more abundant optoelectronic applications.
Cycloaddition Reactions of Azides and Electron‐Deficient Alkenes in Deep Eutectic Solvents: Pyrazolines, Aziridines and Other Surprises
Authors: Sebest Filip , Lachhani Kushal , Pimpasri Chaleena , Casarrubios Luis , White Andrew J. P. , Rzepa Henry S. , Díez‐González Silvia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe reaction of organic azides and electron‐deficient alkenes was investigated in a deep eutectic solvents. A series of highly substituted 2‐pyrazolines was successfully isolated and their formation rationalised by DFT calculations. The critical effect of substitution was also explored; even relatively small changes in the cycloaddition partners led to completely different reaction outcomes and triazolines, triazoles or enaminones can be formed as major products depending on the alkene employed.magnified image
Die nächste Generation des Recyclings – neues Leben für Kunststoffmüll
Authors: Vollmer Ina , Jenks Michael J. F. , Roelands Mark C. P. , White Robin J. , van Harmelen Toon , de Wild Paul , van der Laan Gerard P. , Meirer Florian , Keurentjes Jos T. F. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDas Vergrößern des Recyclingstroms erfordert einen neuen Ansatz, der über das Schmelzen und Umformen hinausgeht. Es gibt einige Techniken des chemischen Recyclings mit dem Potential, bestehende Recyclingmöglichkeiten zu ergänzen. In diesem Aufsatz sind die Methoden des chemischen Recyclings dargestellt und anhand einer Ökobilanz bewertet, ergänzt durch eine Aufzählung von Prozessen und Firmen in diesem Bereich. Wir zeigen, dass bestimmte Techniken besonders für spezifische Müllströme geeignet sind und dass nur eine Kombination aus den vorhandenen Methoden geeignet ist, das Kunststoffmüllproblem zu lösen. Aktuelle Forschung sollte realistischeren und weniger reinen Mischströmen größere Aufmerksamkeit widmen, während Trenn‐ und Sortierprozesse z. B. durch effektivere Regularien verbessert werden müssen. Dieser Aufsatz soll zur Entwicklung von Verfahren inspirieren, mit denen hochwertige Produkte hergestellt werden können, die die Kreislaufwirtschaft antreiben, indem sie nötige Wirtschaftsanreize und Erleichterungen für die Umwelt bieten.
Starke und sterisch begrenzte Säuren kontrollieren fünf stereogene Zentren in der katalytischen asymmetrischen Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion von Cyclohexadienonen mit Cyclopentadien
Authors: Ghosh Santanu , Das Sayantani , De Chandra Kanta , Yepes Diana , Neese Frank , Bistoni Giovanni , Leutzsch Markus , List Benjamin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWir stellen eine hochenantioselektiven Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion zwischen kreuzkonjugierten Cyclohexadienonen und Cyclopentadien vor, in der fünf Stereozentren durch den stark sauren und sterisch eingeschränkten Imidodiphosphorimidat‐Katalysator kontrolliert werden. Darüber hinaus zeigen wir Methoden auf, die damit gewonnenen Produkte in weithin nutzbare Intermediate umzuwandeln, sowie eine quantenchemische Studie, die es uns ermöglichte, einen tieferen Einblick in den Reaktionsmechanismus zu gewinnen und die stereoselektivitätsbestimmenden Faktoren zu ergründen.
Beyond Mechanical Recycling: Giving New Life to Plastic Waste
Authors: Vollmer Ina , Jenks Michael J. F. , Roelands Mark C. P. , White Robin J. , van Harmelen Toon , de Wild Paul , van der Laan Gerard P. , Meirer Florian , Keurentjes Jos T. F. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncreasing the stream of recycled plastic necessitates an approach beyond the traditional recycling via melting and re‐extrusion. Various chemical recycling processes have great potential to enhance recycling rates. In this Review, a summary of the various chemical recycling routes and assessment via life‐cycle analysis is complemented by an extensive list of processes developed by companies active in chemical recycling. We show that each of the currently available processes is applicable for specific plastic waste streams. Thus, only a combination of different technologies can address the plastic waste problem. Research should focus on more realistic, more contaminated and mixed waste streams, while collection and sorting infrastructure will need to be improved, that is, by stricter regulation. This Review aims to inspire both science and innovation for the production of higher value and quality products from plastic recycling suitable for reuse or valorization to create the necessary economic and environmental push for a circular economy.
An Unusual and Facile Synthetic Route to Alumoles
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Wu Peng , Jiang Wenjun , Li Bin , Wang Binju , Zhu Hongping , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractReaction of the aluminum dialkynyl LAl(CCR)2 (L=N,N‐chelate ligand and R=organic group) with B(C6F5)3 proceeds through an intermediate with Al⋅⋅⋅η2‐C≡C side‐on coordination to form the alumoles (2, 4, 6). A distinctive reaction pattern indicates a new facile synthetic route to aluminum‐containing heterocycles. The synthetic process is described, and the characterization of compounds and computational calculations were carried out. Furthermore, alumoles 2 and 4 exhibit an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) of the bright yellow fluorescence.
Instandsetzungen von Parkhauszwischendecken nach dem Prinzip des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes: Untersuchungen zum Schutznachweis bei Trennrissen
Authors: Fraundorfer Andreas , Vestner Stephan , Dauberschmidt Christoph 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEine Instandsetzung von Parkbauten nach dem Instandsetzungsprinzip des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes (KKS) kann ein wirtschaftliches und schonendes Verfahren darstellen, die Restnutzungsdauer des Bauwerks nachhaltig zu erhöhen. Zwischendecken im Bestand weisen dabei häufig Trennrisse auf, durch die über einen längeren Zeitraum chloridhaltiges Wasser geflossen ist, wodurch auf der Unterseite der Decke eine Lochkorrosion an der Bewehrung initiiert wurde. Für den sachkundigen Planer stellt sich hierbei die Frage, ob durch ein deckenoberseitig appliziertes KKS‐System die korrodierende Bewehrung auf der Deckenunterseite sicher vor weiterer Korrosion geschützt werden kann. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass der praktische Nachweis über einen ausreichenden Schutz für diesen Anwendungsfall nicht trivial ist. In Laboruntersuchungen im Institut für Material‐ und Bauforschung der Hochschule München und durch Untersuchungen in einer Tiefgarage wurde diese Fragestellung eingehend untersucht. Zusammenfassend lässt sich bei den untersuchten Prüfkörpern feststellen, dass bei alleinig deckenoberseitig installiertem KKS der herkömmliche Nachweis des rückseitigen Schutzes der Bewehrung im Trennriss nur in wenigen der untersuchten Fälle erbracht werden konnte. Das normativ in DIN EN ISO 12696 geforderte 100‐mV‐Kriterium stellt sich für diesen Anwendungsbereich als zu konservativ dar. Alternativ können sich jedoch Korrosions‐ und Schutzstrommessungen bei nachträglich elektrisch getrennten Bewehrungsbereichen eignen.
Microbial microdroplet culture system (MMC): An integrated platform for automated, high‐throughput microbial cultivation and adaptive evolution
Authors: Jian Xingjin , Guo Xiaojie , Wang Jia , Tan Zheng Lin , Xing Xin‐hui , Wang Liyan , Zhang Chong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConventional microbial cell cultivation techniques are typically labor intensive, low throughput, and poorlyparallelized, rendering them inefficient. The development of automated, modular microbial cell micro‐cultivation systems, particularly those employing droplet microfluidics, have gained attention for their high‐throughput, highly paralellized and efficient cultivation capabilities. Here, we report the development of a microbial microdroplet culture system (MMC), which is an integrated platform for automated, high‐throughput cultivation and adaptive evolution of microorganisms. We demonstrated that the MMC yielded both accurate and reproducible results for the manipulation and detection of droplets. The superior performance of MMC for microbial cell cultivation was validated by comparing the growth curves of six microbial strains grown in MMC, conventional shake flasks or well plates. The highest incipient growth rate for all six microbial strains was achieved by using MMC. We also conducted an 18‐day process of adaptive evolution of methanol‐essential Escherichia coli strain in MMC and obtained two strains exhibiting higher growth rates compared with the parent strain. Our study demonstrates the power of MMC to provide an efficient and reliable approach for automated, high‐throughput microbial cultivation and adaptive evolution.
Radial access: So much progress but a way to go
Authors: Manning Patrick , Abbott J. Dawn 
Published: March 2020

Key Points
Transradial access is the key bleeding avoidance strategy in percutaneous coronary intervention.
This study showed a marked adoption of transradial access over a 10‐year period, however, women had a significantly lower rate compared to men and overall bleeding events did not decrease over time.
Strategies to overcome barriers to radial access in women and to maintaining competency in femoral access in all patients are needed.
Mikrowellenpyrolyse von carbonfaserhaltigen Kunststoffen als Recyclingoption
Authors: Seiler Elisa , Urban Helfried , Teipel Ulrich 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHerausforderungen bei der Etablierung einer Circular Economy von carbonfaservertärkten Kunststoffen (CFK) ergeben sich insbesondere durch die nötige, jedoch problematische Trennung des Faser‐Matrix‐Verbunds. Das Pyrolyseverfahren stellt eine mögliche, bereits industriell umgesetzte, Technologie zur Verbundtrennung dar. Eine Weiterentwicklung ist die mikrowellenunterstütze Pyrolyse, bei der das CFK‐Material durch die Mikrowellen aufgeheizt und so die Faser freigelegt wird. Prozessgrundlagen und Einflüsse auf die Faser‐Matrix‐Trennung werden im vorliegenden Beitrag betrachtet.
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy—XRD
Authors: Khan Hayat , Yerramilli Aditya S. , D'Oliveira Adrien , Alford Terry L. , Boffito Daria C. , Patience Gregory S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractX‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis identifies the long‐range order (ie, the structure) of crystalline materials and the short‐range order of non‐crystalline materials. From this information we deduce lattice constants and phases, average grain size, degree of crystallinity, and crystal defects. Advanced XRD provides information about strain, texture, crystalline symmetry, and electron density. When radiation impinges upon a solid, coherent scattering of the radiation by periodically spaced atoms results in scattered beams that produce spot patterns from single crystalline samples and ring patterns from polycrystalline samples. The pattern, intensities of the diffraction maxima (peaks or lines), and their position (Bragg angle θ or interplanar spacing
dhkl), correlate to a specific crystal structure. In 2016 and 2017 close to 100 000 articles mention XRD—more than any other analytical technique, and it was the top analytical technique of researchers that published in Can. J. Chem. Eng. A bibliographic analysis based on the Web of Science groups articles referring to XRD into five clusters: the largest cluster includes research on nanoparticles, thin films, and optical properties; composites, electro‐chemistry, and synthesis are topics of the second largest cluster; crystal morphology and catalysis are next; photocatalysis and solar cells comprise the fourth largest cluster; and, waste water is among the topics of the cluster with the least number of occurrences. Researchers publishing in Can. J. Chem. Eng. focus most of the XRD analyses to characterize polymers, nanocomposite materials, and catalysts.
Flexible Broad‐Range Pressure Sensors Enabled by Deformation‐Induced Conductive Channels in 3D Graphene Foam@Polydimethylsiloxane Composite for Precise Vibrational Signal Detection
Authors: Miao Jiankun , Shi Yayuan , Zhu Hongfei , Gao Mingyi 
Published: March 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionHere we report the design and fabrication of high‐performance pressure sensors based on three‐ dimensional (3D) graphene foam filled polydimethylsiloxane (GF@PDMS) composite with a broad sensing range spaning from 0.05 kPa to 130 kPa. The interpretation of device functioning mechanism can be classified into low and high pressure sensing regions. In the low pressure region (<15 kPa), the pressure loading leads to the temporal connection of micro‐cracks in GF scaffold and forming conductive channels. In the high pressure region (15 kPa to 130 kPa), the pressure induced deformation of GF results in the better connections among micro‐cracks and the shortening of conductive pathway to further decrease the electrical resistance. The GF@PDMS sensors exhibited accuracy, sensibility and reproducibility to detect pressure signals with remarkable stability for over 16000 loading‐unloading cycles, indicating its great potential for practical applications. Moreover, the GF@PDMS sensors also showed high performances in the detection of dynamic pressures, such as subtle mechanical vibration signals, as well as physiology vibrational signals generated by human throats. We expect this technology could be integrated into different sensing systems for the applications in wearable smart electronics and human‐machine communications.