bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and management of incisional hernia in the recipients of living donor liver transplant: A single institutional experience
Authors: Yassein Taha , Elgady Ammar , Ayoup Islam , Gaballa Nahla K. , Abbasy Mohamed , Abou‐Shady Mohammed , Osman Maher , Zakaria Hazem M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimIncisional hernia (IH) has a wide range of incidence after liver transplant (LT), with reported different risk factors. The aim of the study was to shed more light on the incidence, risk factors, and management of IH after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).MethodsAdult recipients who underwent LDLT between April 2004 and December 2017 were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into a group of post‐LDLT IH and another group without IH.ResultsA total of 239 recipients who underwent LDLT, 35 patients (14.6%) had post LT IH. The independent risk factors for post‐LDLT IH were, presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pre‐transplant, small graft weight, prolonged warm ischaemia time (WIT), postoperative bile leak, postoperative surgical site infection (SSI), (all P values <.05). The commonest site for hernia was the midline skin incision (65.7%). Eighteen recipients (51.4%) with IH underwent repair by mesh hernioplasty with no recurrence.ConclusionsThe following variables have been shown to be significant risk factors for the development of post‐LDLT IH: HCC indication for LDLT; small graft weight; prolonged WIT; and postoperative complications like bile leak and SSI. Mesh hernioplasty is the treatment of choice for this complication.
Revealing a key inhibitory mechanism of 2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo[4,5‐f] quinoxaline via trapping of methylglyoxal
Authors: Bao Xiangxiang , Miao Junjian , Huang Yiqun , Lai Keqiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe inhibitory effects of vitamins (nicotinic acid, pyridoxamine [PM], and l‐ascorbic acid) and phenolic acids (ferulic acid and p‐coumaric acid) on the formation of 2‐amino‐3,8‐dimethylimidazo [4,5‐f] quinoxaline (MeIQx) were studied in a glycine/glucose/creatinine model system and fried tilapia cakes. The results showed that PM was the most potential inhibitor and the inhibition rates reached 82.72% and 78.54% in model system and fried tilapia cakes, respectively. Detailed formation mechanism of MeIQx was put forward to find the inevitable species in the non‐free radical formation mechanism of MeIQx. Dose‐dependent analysis of PM on methylglyoxal (MGO ) and MeIQx formation were studied by using model systems and the results showed that MGO and MeIQx were both reduced about 60% in reaction mixtures when the molar ratio of PM to glycine was 1:16, which indicated that MGO is a key intermediate on the pathway of MeIQx formation. Quantum chemistry calculations showed that PM can act as a useful inhibitor to inhibit the formation of MeIQx and react with MGO to form new compounds. A pathway for the inhibitory activity of PM against MeIQx formation was proposed.Practical ApplicationPyridoxamine was the most effective inhibitor against heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) and could be applied to a variety of food systems. While the inhibitory mechanism is still unclear. Detailed formation mechanism of MeIQx was put forward first and suggested methylglyoxal as an inevitable species in the non‐free radical formation mechanism of MeIQx in this study. Pyridoxamine trapping methylglyoxal is likely a key mechanism against the generation of MeIQx was demonstrated by quantum chemistry calculation and experimental demonstration. These findings may provide effective suggestions for reducing HAAs and similar toxicants in daily cuisine.
Reliability and validity of culturally adapted Turkish Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire (SMFA‐TR)
Authors: Karaismailoglu Bedri , Yetismis Salih Candost , Kaynak Gokhan , Karaismailoglu Berna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the Turkish version of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment Questionnaire (SMFA‐TR) which primarily assesses the functional status of patients.MethodsThe translation and cross‐cultural adaptation of SMFA to Turkish was made by the standardized procedure and tested for clinimetric quality. The following analyses were made to evaluate clinimetric quality of the SMFA‐TR: reliability with factor analysis and Chronbach's α (construct validity), correlations between SMFA‐TR and Short Form (SF)‐36 (concurrent validity), test‐retest reliability (intraclass correlation analyses), floor and ceiling effects. The questionnaire was applied to 166 patients with musculoskeletal problems. All patients filled in the SMFA‐TR and the validated Turkish SF‐36 questionnaire. Forty‐two patients returned to complete the same questionnaires at 10 days.ResultsFactor analysis revealed a 4‐factor structure of the SMFA‐TR. Cronbach's α values were over 0.88 for both original subscales (dysfunction and bother) of the SMFA. Internal consistency (0.88‐0.94) and test‐retest reliability coefficients (0.90‐0.98) were high for both subscales. Turkish SF‐36 questionnaire conventional subscales showed significant correlations with SMFA‐TR subscales. No floor or ceiling effects were found.ConclusionThe Turkish version of the SMFA was found to be reliable and valid for Turkish‐speaking patients with musculoskeletal injuries or disorders.
Overdiagnosis of scabies and overprescribing of scabies treatment in a scabies‐endemic region
Authors: Felmingham Claire , Tilakaratne Dev 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the objective evidence upon which diagnosis of scabies and subsequent prescription of permethrin cream or oral ivermectin is based at a tertiary referral hospital in the Northern Territory.Design, setting and participantsA retrospective cohort study of inpatients who were prescribed permethrin or ivermectin between July and September 2017 at a single tertiary referral hospital. Eighty‐eight inpatient admissions, belonging to 77 unique patients, were included. This list was generated with the hospital's electronic prescribing software.Main outcome measuresAge, ethnicity, skin diagnosis on admission, which anti‐scabies medications were prescribed, which concurrent medications were prescribed to treat a rash or pruritus, which differential or concurrent skin diagnoses were made, whether the dermatology department had seen the patient during their admission, and what evidence was documented as reason for diagnosis of scabies.ResultsIn the cases in which scabies treatment was prescribed, less than one quarter had positive skin scrapings for scabies, and few had documentation of burrows, and documentation of a contact history combined with clinical lesions. Most cases met none of these diagnostic criteria. Very few were reviewed by the dermatology department as an inpatient.ConclusionsThere were likely high rates of diagnostic uncertainty among the cases in which scabies treatment was prescribed. It is possible that anti‐scabies medications are being prescribed empirically in this hospital.
Global implementation of the world health organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐11: The allergic and hypersensitivity conditions model
Authors: Tanno Luciana Kase , Chalmers Robert , Jacob Robert , Kostanjsek Nenad , Bierrenbach Ana Luiza , Martin Bryan , Molinari Nicolas , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Sanchez‐Borges Mario , Rosenwasser Lanny J. , Ansontegui Ignacio , Ebisawa Motohiro , Sisul Juan Carlos , Jares Edgardo , Gomez Maximiliano , Agache Ioana , Muraro Antonella , Wong Gary W. K. , Thien Francis , Pawankar Ruby , Mahr Todd A. , Sublett James L. , Lang David M. , Casale Thomas , Demoly Pascal 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides a common language for use worldwide as a diagnostic and classification tool for epidemiology, clinical purposes and health management. Since its first edition, the ICD has maintained a framework distributing conditions according to topography, with the result that some complex conditions, such as allergies and hypersensitivity disorders (A/H) including anaphylaxis, have been poorly represented. The change in hierarchy in ICD‐11 permitted the construction of the pioneer section addressed to A/H, which may result in more accurate mortality and morbidity statistics, including more accurate accounting for mortality due to anaphylaxis, strengthen classification, terminology and definitions. The ICD‐11 was presented and adopted by the 72nd World Health Assembly in May 2019, and the implementation is ongoing worldwide. We here present the outcomes from an online survey undertaken to reach out the allergy community worldwide in order to peer review the terminology, classification and definitions of A/H introduced into ICD‐11 and to support their global implementation. Data are presented here for 406 respondents from 74 countries. All of the subsections of the new A/H section of the ICD‐11 had been considered with good accuracy by the majority of respondents. We believe that, in addition to help during the implementation phase, all the comments provided will help to improve the A/H classification and to increase awareness by different disciplines of what actions are needed to ensure more accurate epidemiological data and better clinical management of A/H patients.
Modification of Affective Trajectory in a Positive Psychology Intervention
Authors: Congard Anne , Andreotti Eva , Dauvier Bruno , Le Vigouroux Sarah , Antoine Pascal 
Published: June 2020

Enhancing positive affect (PA) and reducing negative affect (NA) are targets of positive psychology interventions, and well‐being and positive functioning are core elements of mental health. However, the underlying temporal dynamics of these elements are unknown. This study aimed at identifying how a 42‐day daily positive psychology intervention (PPI) impacts affective longitudinal dynamics compared to a control condition. This study employed an experience sampling method (self‐observation diary including the Measurement of Affectivity: Valence/Activation scale, MAVA) with two non‐randomised groups—a control group (n = 43) and an intervention group (n = 43)—taken from a community sample. Compared to the control participants, the PPI participants’ trajectories for activated and deactivated NA showed an important decrease over the course of the PPI. The deactivated PA trajectory increased non‐linearly across the PPI, whereas the activated PA trajectory showed a linear increase. This study suggests that PPIs change daily affective life.
Relationship and sexual experiences in women with early‐onset oestrogen deficiency: Comparison between women with Turner syndrome and premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Cardona Attard Carol , Cameron‐Pimblett Antoinette , Puri Davina , La Rosa Clementina , Talaulikar Vikram S. , Davies Melanie C. , Learner Hazel I. , Liao Lih‐Mei , Conway Gerard S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveAge at first date and sexual intercourse have been observed to be delayed in women with Turner syndrome (TS), with delayed puberty being the main factor. We sought to assess relationship and sexual experiences comparing women with TS and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).DesignCross‐sectional observational study.Patients302 women with TS and 53 women with karyotypically normal POI (median age 33.0 [15.0‐78.4] and 26.3 [17.8‐52.3], respectively).MeasurementsA self‐reporting questionnaire was used to collect data on relationship and sexual experiences.ResultsWomen with TS were older than women with POI (P = .002). Compared to women with POI, a smaller proportion of women with TS had ever had vaginal sexual intercourse (VSI) (40 [78.4%] vs 169 [58.1%], respectively, P = .006) and women with TS exhibited a delay in the median age at first relationship and VSI (POI 19.3 ± 0.4 vs TS 22.2 ± 1.1, P = <.001). Start of oestrogen replacement therapy at ≤ 14 years of age compared with > 14 years did not result in earlier relationship and sexual debut. After adjusting for age and diagnosis, induction of puberty, as opposed to spontaneous puberty, was associated with a delay in the median age at first relationship and VSI and a reduced probability of having VSI (Hazard ratio = 0.44 [95% confidence interval: 0.32‐0.60], P = <.001).ConclusionsTurner syndrome and induction of puberty are associated with a reduced likelihood and a delay in relationship and sexual experiences. Women needing puberty induction and women with TS more than POI have a delayed mean age at first VSI compared to the general population.
Adult living donor liver transplantation from donors with Gilbert’s syndrome: Is it safe?
Authors: Akyildiz Murat , Gungor Gokhan , Guler Necdet , Acar Sencan , Erdogan Yalcin , Gencdal Genco , Dayangaç Murat , Tokat Yaman 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundsWe evaluate whether it is safe to accept donors with Gilbert's syndrome (GS) for a living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) or not. This study is the first controlled study to be conducted.MethodsBetween January 2004 and May 2014, 600 LDLTs which used right lobe liver grafts were performed in our center. Forty‐five of the 600 donors had a GS diagnosis. For a control group, 99 donors without GS who had completed 1 year or more of follow‐up were selected retrospectively and consecutively. The clinical results of the donors and recipients were then analyzed.ResultsA total of 45 donors with GS and 99 donors without GS were included. There were no significant differences in patient demographics, actual graft weight, remnant ratio, portal and ductal variations, pre‐peri‐post–operative liver enzymes. The donors with GS had significantly higher bilirubin levels compared with the control group at first reading, at maximal peak, and post‐operative 1‐7 days, 1st and 6th months (P < .001 for all readings). Post‐operative complication ratio was 40% in GS, 34.3% in non‐GS group. In GS and non‐GS group, hospitalization period was 10.2 and 9.2 days, respectively. The 1‐year donor survival rate was 100% for both groups and 1‐year recipient survival was similar who have donors with GS and non‐GS (93.3%; 92.9%, P = .93).ConclusionsThe use of right lobe grafts from donors with GS appears to be safe for donor health.
Changes in floral nectar are unlikely adaptive responses to pollinator flight sound
Authors: Pyke Graham H. , Ren Zong‐Xin , Trunschke Judith , Lunau Klaus , Wang Hong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnder noiseless experimental conditions, sugar concentration of secreted floral nectar may increase after flower exposure to nearby sounds of pollinator flight (Veits et al. 2019). However, we reject the argument that this represents adaptive plant behaviour, and consider that the appealing analogy between a flower and human ear is unjustified.
Does acoustic priming ‘sweeten the pot’ of floral nectar?
Authors: Raguso Robert A. , Harder Lawrence D. , Johnson Steven D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA recent claim that evening primrose flowers adaptively secrete nectar in response to vibrations from hovering bees lacks supporting evidence. The authors fail to demonstrate that bees can access the concealed nectar and that their visits enhance plant fitness. Reanalysis of the authors’ data raises additional concerns about their conclusions.
Public sector corruption and perceived government performance in transition
Authors: Moldogaziev Tima T. , Liu Cheol 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe offer evidence that public sector corruption has an inverse association with evaluations of performance at both the local and central government levels. Consistent with ex ante expectations, perceptions of corruption among local government officials are directly and negatively related to performance evaluations at the local government level and relatively less so at the central government level. Conversely, perceptions of corruption among overall government officials have a stronger negative association with performance evaluations of central governments relative to performance evaluations of local governments. These results confirm that individual evaluations of public sector corruption affect perceived government performance evaluations, with local–local, local–central, central–local, and central–central level variances. Regressions by country groups—such as European Union membership, or geographic clusters, such as Southeastern Balkan or the former Soviet Union states—continue to support the core findings with one caveat. Results from two‐level random intercepts and slopes regression models show that the negative association between perceived corruption and government performance evaluation is weaker in contexts with relatively higher levels of public corruption.
Nursing assistants’ experiences of administering manual restraint for compulsory nasogastric feeding of young persons with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Kodua Michael , Mackenzie Jay‐Marie , Smyth Nina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractManual restraint, a type of physical restraint, is a common practice in inpatient mental health settings linked to adverse physical and psychological staff and patient outcomes. However, little is known about the use of manual restraint for compulsory nasogastric feeding of patients with anorexia nervosa within inpatient eating disorder settings. The present phenomenological study aimed to explore nursing assistants’ experiences of administering manual restraint for compulsory nasogastric feeding of young persons with anorexia nervosa. The study followed COREQ guidelines. Eight semi‐structured interviews were conducted with eight nursing assistants from one UK inpatient child and adolescent eating disorder service. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes were extracted: An unpleasant practice, importance of coping, and becoming desensitized and sensitized. Nursing assistants commonly experienced emotional distress, physical exhaustion, physical injury and physical aggression as a result of their manual restraint use. Nursing assistants appeared to cope with their distress by talking with colleagues and young persons who were further in their recovery, and by detaching themselves during manual restraint incidents. The findings highlight that the use of manual restraint for compulsory nasogastric feeding of young persons with anorexia nervosa in the UK is a highly distressing practice for nursing assistants. It is therefore important that sufficient supervision, support, and training are made available to staff working in these settings.
Influenza‐like illness in Australia: A comparison of general practice surveillance system with electronic medical records
Authors: Bernardo Carla De Oliveira , González‐Chica David Alejandro , Chilver Monique , Stocks Nigel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSurveillance systems are fundamental to detect infectious disease outbreaks and guide public health responses. We compared influenza‐like illness (ILI) rates for 2015‐2017 using data from the Australian Sentinel Practice Research Network (ASPREN) and electronic medical records from 550 general practices across Australia (MedicineInsight). There was a high correlation between both sources (r = .84‐.95) and a consistent higher ILI rate in 2017. Both sources also showed higher ILI rates among women and patients aged 20‐49 years. The use of routinely collected electronic medical records like those in MedicineInsight could be used to complement active influenza surveillance systems in Australia.
SARS‐CoV‐2 environmental contamination associated with persistently infected COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Lei Hui , Ye Feng , Liu Xiaoqing , Huang Zhenting , Ling Shiman , Jiang Zhanpeng , Cheng Jing , Huang Xiaoqun , Wu Qiubao , Wu Shiguan , Xie Yanmin , Xiao Cheng , Ye Dan , Yang Zifeng , Li Yimin , Leung Nancy H. L. , Cowling Benjamin J. , He Jianxing , Wong Sook‐San , Zanin Mark 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSevere COVID‐19 patients typically test positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA for extended periods of time, even after recovery from severe disease. Due to the timeframe involved, these patients may have developed humoral immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2 while still testing positive for viral RNA in swabs. Data are lacking on exposure risks in these situations. Here, we studied SARS‐CoV‐2 environmental contamination in an ICU and an isolation ward caring for such COVID‐19 patients.MethodsWe collected air and surface samples in a hospital caring for critical and severe COVID‐19 cases from common areas and areas proximal to patients.ResultsOf the 218 ICU samples, an air sample contained SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. Of the 182 isolation ward samples, nine contained SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. These were collected from a facemask, the floor, mobile phones, and the air in the patient room and bathroom. Serum antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 were detected in these patients at the beginning of the study.ConclusionsWhile there is a perception of increased risk in the ICU, our study demonstrates that isolation wards may pose greater risks to healthcare workers and exposure risks remain with clinically improved patients, weeks after their initial diagnoses. As these patients had serum antibodies, further studies may be warranted to study the utility of serum antibodies as a surrogate of viral clearance in allowing people to return to work. We recommend continued vigilance even with patients who appear to have recovered from COVID‐19.
Screening for intellectual disability in Dutch psychiatrically disturbed detainees: Assessing the psychometric properties of the Screener for Intelligence and Learning Disability (SCIL)
Authors: van Esch Ankie Yvonne Maria , de Vries Jolanda , Masthoff Erik David Marco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionIntellectual disability is a key subject in all mental healthcare institutions, including the forensic mental health services. The Screener for Intelligence and Learning Disability (SCIL) is designed to screen for intellectual disability in forensic populations. So far, this assessment method is only validated in “detention fit prisoners” with low need of care. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the SCIL in a population of mentally ill detainees with high need of care.Materials and methodsScreener for Intelligence and Learning Disability scores, mental health reports including intelligence assessment, and criminal records of detainees were obtained. Reliability and validity of the SCIL were calculated, using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Fourth Edition (WAIS‐IV) and prior studies of the SCIL as a reference.ResultsCronbach's alpha coefficient for the total SCIL was 0.72. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was 0.84. Different cut‐off values than the original were determined when achieving the optimum in true positives and negatives. The mean intelligence quotient (IQ) score of the study population was 82.6, and 60.3% could be classified with an IQ < 85.DiscussionThe SCIL gives a quick and accurate indication of whether a person is at risk for intellectual disabilities. Although both the reliability and validity of the SCIL are lower in the study population than in regular prison populations, for application of the SCIL in mentally ill detainees all psychometric properties could be classified as acceptable. When assessing the latter populations, it is recommended to use a cut‐off value of 20.5 instead of the original 19.5. Additionally, it is advised to revise item 4. Finally, it is important to mention that the estimated prevalence of intellectual disability is the forensic population seems to be larger than expected.