bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mammalian copper homeostasis requires retromer-dependent recycling of the high-affinity copper transporter 1
Authors: Curnock Rachel , Cullen Peter J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The concentration of essential micronutrients, such as copper (used here to describe both Cu+ and Cu2+), within the cell is tightly regulated to avoid their adverse deficiency and toxicity effects. Retromer-mediated sorting and recycling of nutrient transporters within the endo-lysosomal network is an essential process in regulating nutrient balance. Cellular copper homeostasis is regulated primarily by two transporters: the copper influx transporter copper transporter 1 (CTR1; also known as SLC31A1), which controls the uptake of copper, and the copper-extruding ATPase ATP7A, a recognised retromer cargo. Here, we show that in response to fluctuating extracellular copper, retromer controls the delivery of CTR1 to the cell surface. Following copper exposure, CTR1 is endocytosed to prevent excessive copper uptake. We reveal that internalised CTR1 localises on retromer-positive endosomes and, in response to decreased extracellular copper, retromer controls the recycling of CTR1 back to the cell surface to maintain copper homeostasis. In addition to copper, CTR1 plays a central role in the trafficking of platinum. The efficacy of platinum-based cancer drugs has been correlated with CTR1 expression. Consistent with this, we demonstrate that retromer-deficient cells show reduced sensitivity to the platinum-based drug cisplatin.
Optimising retention success: a research team’s experience of following-up participants recruited to a pilot trial through community pharmacies in England
Authors: Watson Michelle , van Dongen Anne , Hewitt Catherine , Mandefield Laura , Stewart Duncan , Watson Judith , McCambridge Jim 
Published: August 2020

Background: Community pharmacies support a range of patients and medical conditions, and form an important part of comprehensive, holistic healthcare services. The role of a community pharmacist has changed significantly over recent years, developing to include research activities. The CHAMP-1 (Community pharmacy: Highlighting Alcohol use in Medication aPpointments) pilot trial aimed to explore an intervention discussing alcohol during medication consultations. It presented various challenges regarding patient retention, and various actions were taken to address these, which are discussed in this manuscript. Methods: Community pharmacists recruited patients aged 18 and over, attending a Medicine Use Review (MUR) or New Medicine Service (NMS) consultation, and drinking alcohol at least twice per week. Pharmacies were randomised to conduct their consultations as usual (control), or to incorporate the Medicines and Alcohol Consultation (MAC) intervention. All participants were followed-up by a researcher after two months to complete data collection via telephone or post. Results: Forty-seven of 51 participants (92%) completed the two month follow-up. Thirty-eight (81%) responses were provided by telephone and nine (19%) by post. Of the 38 follow-up calls completed by telephone, 17 (45%) participants were reached at first attempt; 16 (42%) at second attempt; and five (13%) at the third attempt. Conclusions: The results suggest that patients recruited to a trial by community pharmacists are willing to take part in data collection activities, and follow-up can be successfully conducted by researchers. The techniques employed to encourage high levels of retention should be investigated further in a larger study.
Palliative and end-of-life care in Egypt: overview and recommendations for improvement
Authors: Eltaybani Sameh , Igarashi Ayumi , Yamamoto-Mitani Noriko 
Published: August 2020

Background: The literature on the situation of palliative and end-of-life care in the Arab and Islamic world, including Egypt, is limited and does not present a clear picture of the cultural context. This report aims to portray the palliative and end-of-life care situation in Egypt, focusing on the nursing viewpoint. First, we describe health- and illness-related cultural, religious, and ethical issues. Second, we present an overview of the healthcare and nursing system in Egypt. Third, we discuss the situation of palliative and end-of-life care, highlighting the shortcomings of existing literature. Finally, we delineate country-specific recommendations to improve the palliative and end-of-life care situation at the level of policy, education, and research. Countries with similar healthcare, cultural, legal, religious, economic, or ethical contexts may benefit from the recommendations made in this study.
Patients' experiences of attending an adapted cardiac rehabilitation programme for heart failure in a day hospice
Authors: Walthall Helen , Roberts Christie , Butcher Dan , Schutz Sue 
Published: August 2020

Background: Heart failure is highly prevalent with poor outcomes, yet only a small proportion of patients receive specialist palliative care services. Aim: To explore if a programme focusing on support and symptom management of people with heart failure in a hospice environment would be acceptable and of benefit to patients. Methods: A pre/post intervention study design using mixed methods was used to evaluate the programme. The programme was delivered in 2-hour time slots over a period of 8 weeks. Participants completed three questionnaires pre- and post- and were interviewed within 1 week of completion. The study was conducted between June 2014 and January 2015. Findings: A response rate of 51.7% (n=15) was narrowed to a final sample size of 12 patients. The questionnaire results showed a positive impact on participants' wellbeing and views regarding the use of a hospice, but a desire for greater focus on emotional support. Four key themes emerged from inductive qualitative analysis: demystifying perceptions about hospice care; positivity about wellbeing; learning together; and consideration of end-of-life preparation. Conclusion: This adapted programme provides a useful model for the increased integration of palliative care into provision for those living with advancing heart failure.
Facile construction of large-area periodic Ag-Au composite nanostructure and its reliable SERS performance
Authors: Shen Jiali , Wu Jing , Fang Jinghuai 
Published: August 2020

With the maturity of nano-manufacturing technology, nano-materials with excellent surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activities have evolved from homogeneous materials to composite ones, but the structural uniformity of composite materials has not been effectively improved. We successfully obtained a series of Ag-Au composite nanostructures with high SERS activity by using a two-step deposition and confined spheroidization process and one-step in-situ substitution method. Anodized alumina templates with uniform size distribution were employed as the initial confined template for spheroidizing Ag film into periodic Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The composite nanostructure was simply obtained after a one-step in-situ galvanic reaction based on the Ag NPs arrays. The results showed that the prepared Ag-Au composite nanostructure could be used as reliable SERS substrates with low relative standard deviation value of

∼

6.25

%

for crystal violet molecules. Compared with previous reports, this one-step route greatly simplifies the process of preparing periodic composite nanomaterials and provides a new idea for constructing multi-component metal nanostructures.
Nonlinear optical process of second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ133(2) in an organic nonlinear optical crystal DAST
Authors: Takeya Kei , Kamei Takayuki , Kawase Kodo , Uchida Hirohisa 
Published: August 2020

A large unexamined second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) process is found in a 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4’-N’-methyl stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) crystal, which has a large figure of merit among NLO crystals. In second-order NLO processes using a DAST crystal, the

χ

111

(
2
)

process of light excitation is commonly used, involving a-axis polarized light excitation with light generation of a-axis polarized light. However, there have been few studies of other second-order NLO susceptibility processes to date. In this Letter, terahertz (THz) wave generation via second-order NLO processes based on the

χ

133

(
2
)

second-order NLO susceptibility of the DAST crystal was investigated. By adjusting the polarization direction of the excitation light using a prism-coupled Cerenkov phase-matching method, efficient generation of THz waves was achieved using a process involving

χ

133

(
2
)

. The magnitude of the NLO constant

χ

133

(
2
)

estimated from the THz intensity ratio was 77.8 pm/V. These results indicate that prism-coupled Cherenkov phase matching can be used to identify undiscovered NLO processes for NLO crystals.
Becoming the News: How Ordinary People Respond to the Media Spotlight, Ruth Palmer (2018)
Authors: Clifford Katrina 
Published: August 2020

Review of: Becoming the News: How Ordinary People Respond to the Media Spotlight, Ruth Palmer (2018)
New York: Columbia University Press, 280 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-23118-315-4, p/bk, USD 35.00,
ISBN 978-0-23118-314-7, h/bk, USD 105.00,
ISBN 978-0-23154-476-4, ebk, USD 34.99
Automating the News: How Algorithms Are Rewriting the Media, Nicholas Diakopoulos (2019)
Authors: Montaña-Niño Silvia Ximena 
Published: August 2020

Review of: Automating the News: How Algorithms Are Rewriting the Media, Nicholas Diakopoulos (2019)
Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 336 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-67497-698-6, h/bk, $29.95
Performance of the ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS scoring systems in the diagnostic work-up of thyroid nodules in a real-life series using histology as reference standard
Authors: Magri Flavia , Chytiris Spyridon , Croce Laura , Molteni Martina , Bendotti Giulia , Gruosso Giovanni , Tata Ngnitejeu Samuel , Agozzino Manuela , Rotondi Mario , Chiovato Luca 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
The ultrasonographic scores EU TI-RADS and ACR TI-RADS were introduced to give the clinicians indications for fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The predictive role of these scores was never evaluated and compared in a surgical series of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex post diagnostic accuracy of EU TI-RADS and ACR TI-RADS in a real-life series of thyroidectomized patients and to evaluate the ‘missing’ thyroid cancer following the operational indications of these scores.

Design:
Retrospective monocentric cohort study.

Methods:
In total, 255 patients (harboring 304 nodules) undergoing thyroidectomy for benign and malignant thyroid conditions were enrolled. The prevalence of thyroid malignancy for each class of ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS, their diagnostic accuracy, the number of ‘unnecessary’ FNAC and the number of ‘missed’ cancers were evaluated.

Results:
ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS score had similar and satisfactory accuracy values for predicting thyroid malignancy (AUC: 0.835 for ACR TI-RADS vs 0.827 for EU TI-RADS). The ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS categories (suspicious vs non-suspicious), age, sex and presence of a single nodule significantly and independently predicted the presence of malignancy in a logistic regression model. An ex post analysis according to the indications for FNAC for each score indicated that 31 and 16 cases of cancer would have been missed by ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS scores, respectively.

Conclusions:
ACR TI-RADS and EU TI-RADS display a good performance in predicting thyroid cancer when histology is taken as reference standard, but additional clinical judgement is required to decide the indication for FNAC.
Comparison of CFT- ACT Combined Therapy with CBT on Psychological Well- Being in Diabetic Women
Authors: Khayatan Shahin , Aghaei Asghar , Abedi Mohammadreza , Golparvar Mohsen 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of compassion focused (CFT) and acceptance commitment (ACT) combined therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), on psychological well-being in women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: This is quasi-experimental. This study consists of three groups (two experimental and one control groups) and three stages (pre-test, post-test, and follow up). The statistical population was all T2DM women of Shahid Shabani Diabetes Center in Isfahan, Iran in 2017. The studied sample was 47 patients who were randomly distributed in three groups. The experimental group received a combination of the package of ACT and CFT for ten weekly two-hour sessions, the CBT group received ten weekly two-hour sessions of therapeutic intervention and the control group did not receive any therapeutic interventions. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measurements using SPSS-24 software.
Results: The results showed that the scores of experimental groups participants in the post test of compassion therapy-ACT and CBT improved significantly compared to the control group in self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, purposeful life, individual development, environmental dominance and autonomy subscales (P-value= 0.001) .There exist a significant difference between the experimental group of compassion focused- ACT combined therapy and CBT in self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, purposeful life and individual -development subscales (P-value< 0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the combination therapy of compassion focused – ACT and CBT can be used to promote psychological well-being in diabetic patients.
The Effect of 12 Weeks Aerobic Training on PDX-1 and GLUT2 Gene Expression in the Pancreatic Tissue of Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sokhanvardastjerdi Shokoufeh , Banaeifar Abdolali , Arshadi Sajad , Zafari Ardeshir 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks aerobic training on PDX-1 and GLUT2 gene expression in the pancreatic tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: 21 wistar male rats were placed in 3 groups (healthy, diabetic, aerobic diabetic). Diabetes was induced by peritoneum injection of nicotine amid. Training program lasted 12 weeks, five sessions per week by gradual increase of speed (18 to 26 meters on minutes) and time (10 to 55 minutes) in the form of running on the treadmill. After 12 week aerobic training, PDX-1 and GLUT-2 genes were measured. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with 5 % significance level.
Results: Aerobic training caused a significant increase in the expression of GLUT2 (P-value: 0.043) and PDX-1 genes (P-value: 0.007) in the pancreatic tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes (p value: 0.05). Also aerobic training had a significant effect on serum glucose (P-value: 0.001) and insulin levels (P-value: 0.001).
Conclusion: It is concluded that aerobic training has significant effects on diabetic control by increasing the expression of PDX1 and GLUT-2 which lowers serum glucose.
The Effect of Interval and Continuous Training on Angiogenesis Factor in Type2 Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors: Shahidi Fereshteh , Yazdani Faramarz , Gaeini Abbas Ali 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The equilibrium of angiogenesis stimulus agents and angiogenesis inhibitory agents is an important factor in the increase of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This research aimed to survey the result of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate continuous (MICT) on the myocardium angiogenesis agent and histological alterations within male diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: 32 male Wistar rats did casually selected within 4 groups: health without exercise control, diabetic without exercise (D), D + HIIT, and D+ MICT groups. Diabetes type 2 produced with high-fat food for two weeks and an only dose of STZ. After approval of type 2 diabetes, subjects did direct to HIIT (90 -95 percent of VO2max), and MICT (50 to 65 percent of VO2max) exercise program five times per week during eight weeks. Western blotting methods were utilized for the exposure of protein synthesis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β1), and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in the left ventricle. Besides, the base and ultimate blood glucose were estimated. Histological alterations assessed utilizing H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining.
Results: The installation of diabetes develops TGF-β1 (P-value= 0.001) and reduces MMP9 (P-value= 0.002) and VEGF (P-value= 0.002). But, eight weeks of MICT enhanced MMP9 (P-value= 0.002) and VEGF (P-value= 0.002), but the volume of TGF-β1 (P-value= 0.001) diminished significantly. Furthermore, the MICT did improve better than of HIIT in improving angiogenesis agents and adjust body mass, plasma glucose in the rats with diabetes.
Conclusion: Not only eight weeks of interval and continuous exercise enhanced levels of MMP9 and VEGF, but also revealed a notable reduction in TGF-β1. Additionally, both training diminishes body weight and blood sugar.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Kearifan Lokal untuk Menahan Konversi Lahan Sawah ke Nonsawah
Authors: Septanti Kartika Sari , Saptana NFN 
Published: August 2020

<p>Lowland conversion to non-agriculture use improves along with economic growth. Various attempts have been exerted by the government to reduce lowland conversion. Local wisdoms throughout the regions in the country are potential to control lowland conversion. This paper aims to explore the role of local wisdoms in Indonesia and other countries in controlling lowland conversion. Some local wisdoms in Indonesia potentials for lowland conversion control are : tunggu tubang, mundang biniak, oloran sawah, Suku Samin, Buyut Cili, tradisi Ngarot, Kasepuhan Sinar Resmi, Suku Baduy, Subak, Suku Dayak, and pangale hutan. Some measures to take for empowering those local wisdoms, are: (i) incorporating local wisdoms into school education curriculum; (ii) developing a community-based natural resource management system, namely increasing participation of local people in land resource management.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Konversi lahan sawah ke nonsawah marak terjadi seiring pesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan pemerintah untuk menekan laju konversi lahan sawah ke nonsawah, namun belum menunjukkan hasil yang optimal. Indonesia memiliki kekayaan kearifan lokal yang tersebar di seluruh nusantara yang berpotensi menghambat tingginya laju konversi lahan sawah ke nonsawah. Tulisan ini membahas kearifan lokal di Indonesia serta di beberapa negara yang telah dan akan dikembangkan untuk mempertahankan lahan sawah. Beberapa contoh kearifan lokal di Indonesia antara lain: tunggu tubang, mundang biniak, oloran sawah, Suku Samin, Buyut Cili, tradisi Ngarot, Kasepuhan Sinar Resmi, Suku Baduy, Subak, Suku Dayak, dan pangale hutan. Tantangan kearifan lokal pada masa depan semakin berat karena adanya pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, pertumbuhan ekonomi, serta perubahan sosial masyarakat yang mendesak lunturnya nilai-nilai kearifan lokal. Beberapa strategi untuk mempertahankan kearifan lokal dapat dilakukan dengan cara: (1) memasukkan ke dalam kurikulum pendidikan; (2) mengembangkan sistem pengelolaan sumber daya alam berbasis komunitas, yaitu peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengelolaan sumber daya lahan.</p>
Percutaneous-perventricular device closure of ventricular septal defect: mid-term follow-up.
Authors: Wang Long , Xie Lin , Ruan Weiqiang , Li Tao , Gan Changping , Lin Ke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This report presents updated data and mid-term follow-up information to a former study introducing the novel technique of percutaneous-perventricular device closure of doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defect. Methods: Thirty-eight patients were added to the former series. There were 54 patients in total who had isolated doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defects and underwent percutaneous-perventricular device closure. Closure outcomes and possible complications were measured in the hospital and during the 2.5-year follow-up. Results: Surgery was successful in 53 patients (98.1%). There was no death, residual shunt, new valve regurgitation or arrhythmia either perioperatively or during the entire follow-up period. Only one patient developed pericardial effusion and tamponade in the former series. The mean hospital stay was 3.2±0.6 days (range, 3.0 to 6.0 days), and only one unsuccessful case needed blood transfusion (1.9%). Conclusions: The percutaneous-perventricular device closure of isolated doubly committed subarterial ventricular septal defects appeared to be safe. Close monitoring for bleeding is essential postoperatively, especially in younger patients. This technique is generally safe with acceptable mid-term follow-up.
The importance of cardiorespiratory fitness and sleep duration in early CVD prevention. BMI, resting heart rate and questions about sleep patterns are suggested in risk assessment of young adults, 18-25 years.The cross-sectional Lifestyle, biomarkers and atherosclerosis (LBA) study.
Authors: Fernström Maria , Fernberg Ulrika , Hurtig-Wennlöf Anita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and sleep habits are lifestyle factors with potential to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, it is therefore important to establish a healthy lifestyle at young age. In the Lifestyle, biomarkers and atherosclerosis (LBA) study we have examined 834 healthy non-smoking adults, 18-25 years. The general purpose of the LBA study was to study the effect of lifestyle on traditional biomarkers known to influence CVD risk. The aims of the present study were to evaluate sleep habits of the young adult women and men participating in the LBA study, and to compare the importance of sleep habits and other lifestyle habits on clinically relevant biomarkers for CVD. Additional aim was to find easy and reliable non-invasive biomarkers to detect young adults with increased risk to develop CVD later in life. Methods: The participants have previously been examined for lifestyle factors, biomarkers and CVD risk score. They filled in a validated computerized questionnaire about their general physical and mental health. The questionnaire included questions on sleep duration and experienced quality of sleep. Results: In total 27% of the young adult participants reported difficulties to fall asleep or experiences anxious sleep with several awakenings per night. The experienced anxious sleep was not related to higher CVD risk score, but sleep quality and sleep duration was correlated. Shorter sleep duration was significantly associated to higher body mass index (BMI), body fat %, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and CVD risk. The modifiable lifestyle factor with highest odds ratio (OR) for CVD risk was CRF. Sleep duration was the second most influential lifestyle factor, more important than moderate- and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and food habits. Correlations between CRF and heart rate (HR) (P<0.01) and HOMA-IR and BMI (P<0.01) was observed, indicating that BMI and resting HR in combination with questions about sleep patterns are easy and reliable non-invasive biomarkers to detect young adults who needs counselling about a healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: Decreased sleep duration in combination with decreased CRF, in young adults, is a serious health issue.