bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring autoantibody signatures in brain tissue from patients with severe mental illness
Authors: Just David , Månberg Anna , Mitsios Nicholas , Stockmeier Craig A. , Rajkowska Grazyna , Uhlén Mathias , Mulder Jan , Feuk Lars , Cunningham Janet L. , Nilsson Peter , Carlström Eva Lindholm 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent years, studies have shown higher prevalence of autoantibodies in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy individuals. This study applies an untargeted and a targeted affinity proteomics approach to explore and characterize the autoantibody repertoire in brain tissues from 73 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia and 52 control subjects with no psychiatric or neurological disorders. Selected brain tissue lysates were first explored for IgG reactivity on planar microarrays composed of 11,520 protein fragments representing 10,820 unique proteins. Based on these results of ours and other previous studies of autoantibodies related to psychosis, we selected 226 fragments with an average length of 80 amino acids, representing 127 unique proteins. Tissue-based analysis of IgG reactivities using antigen suspension bead arrays was performed in a multiplex and parallel fashion for all 125 subjects. Among the detected autoantigens, higher IgG reactivity in subjects with schizophrenia, as compared to psychiatrically healthy subjects, was found against the glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2D (anti-GluN2D). In a separate cohort with serum samples from 395 young adults with a wider spectrum of psychiatric disorders, higher levels of serum autoantibodies targeting GluN2D were found when compared to 102 control individuals. By further validating GluN2D and additional potential autoantigens, we will seek insights into how these are associated with severe mental illnesses.
The genomic timeline of cichlid fish diversification across continents
Authors: Matschiner Michael , Böhne Astrid , Ronco Fabrizia , Salzburger Walter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCichlid fishes are celebrated for their vast taxonomic, phenotypic, and ecological diversity; however, a central aspect of their evolution — the timeline of their diversification — remains contentious. Here, we generate draft genome assemblies of 14 species representing the global cichlid diversity and integrate these into a new phylogenomic hypothesis of cichlid and teleost evolution that we time-calibrate with 58 re-evaluated fossil constraints and a new Bayesian model accounting for fossil-assignment uncertainty. Our results support cichlid diversification long after the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana and lay the foundation for precise temporal reconstructions of the exceptional continental cichlid adaptive radiations.
Synthetic strategies of supported atomic clusters for heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Rong Hongpan , Ji Shufang , Zhang Jiatao , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSupported atomic clusters with uniform metal sites and definite low-nuclearity are intermediate states between single-atom catalysts (SACs) and nanoparticles in size. Benefiting from the presence of metal–metal bonds, supported atomic clusters can trigger synergistic effects among every metal atom, which contributes to achieving unique catalytic properties different from SACs and nanoparticles. However, the scalable and precise synthesis and atomic-level insights into the structure–properties relationship of supported atomic clusters is a great challenge. This perspective presents the latest progress of the synthesis of supported atomic clusters, highlights how the structure affects catalytic properties, and discusses the limitations as well as prospects.
Fibronectin-based nanomechanical biosensors to map 3D surface strains in live cells and tissue
Authors: Shiwarski Daniel J. , Tashman Joshua W. , Tsamis Alkiviadis , Bliley Jaci M. , Blundon Malachi A. , Aranda-Michel Edgar , Jallerat Quentin , Szymanski John M. , McCartney Brooke M. , Feinberg Adam W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMechanical forces are integral to cellular migration, differentiation and tissue morphogenesis; however, it has proved challenging to directly measure strain at high spatial resolution with minimal perturbation in living sytems. Here, we fabricate, calibrate, and test a fibronectin (FN)-based nanomechanical biosensor (NMBS) that can be applied to the surface of cells and tissues to measure the magnitude, direction, and strain dynamics from subcellular to tissue length-scales. The NMBS is a fluorescently-labeled, ultra-thin FN lattice-mesh with spatial resolution tailored by adjusting the width and spacing of the lattice from 2–100 µm. Time-lapse 3D confocal imaging of the NMBS demonstrates 2D and 3D surface strain tracking during mechanical deformation of known materials and is validated with finite element modeling. Analysis of the NMBS applied to single cells, cell monolayers, and Drosophila ovarioles highlights the NMBS’s ability to dynamically track microscopic tensile and compressive strains across diverse biological systems where forces guide structure and function.
High-dimensional super-resolution imaging reveals heterogeneity and dynamics of subcellular lipid membranes
Authors: Zhanghao Karl , Liu Wenhui , Li Meiqi , Wu Zihan , Wang Xiao , Chen Xingye , Shan Chunyan , Wang Haoqian , Chen Xiaowei , Dai Qionghai , Xi Peng , Jin Dayong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLipid membranes are found in most intracellular organelles, and their heterogeneities play an essential role in regulating the organelles’ biochemical functionalities. Here we report a Spectrum and Polarization Optical Tomography (SPOT) technique to study the subcellular lipidomics in live cells. Simply using one dye that universally stains the lipid membranes, SPOT can simultaneously resolve the membrane morphology, polarity, and phase from the three optical-dimensions of intensity, spectrum, and polarization, respectively. These high-throughput optical properties reveal lipid heterogeneities of ten subcellular compartments, at different developmental stages, and even within the same organelle. Furthermore, we obtain real-time monitoring of the multi-organelle interactive activities of cell division and successfully reveal their sophisticated lipid dynamics during the plasma membrane separation, tunneling nanotubules formation, and mitochondrial cristae dissociation. This work suggests research frontiers in correlating single-cell super-resolution lipidomics with multiplexed imaging of organelle interactome.
Voltage-driven motion of nitrogen ions: a new paradigm for magneto-ionics
Authors: de Rojas Julius , Quintana Alberto , Lopeandía Aitor , Salguero Joaquín , Muñiz Beatriz , Ibrahim Fatima , Chshiev Mairbek , Nicolenco Aliona , Liedke Maciej O. , Butterling Maik , Wagner Andreas , Sireus Veronica , Abad Llibertat , Jensen Christopher J. , Liu Kai , Nogués Josep , Costa-Krämer José L. , Menéndez Enric , Sort Jordi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMagneto-ionics, understood as voltage-driven ion transport in magnetic materials, has largely relied on controlled migration of oxygen ions. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature voltage-driven nitrogen transport (i.e., nitrogen magneto-ionics) by electrolyte-gating of a CoN film. Nitrogen magneto-ionics in CoN is compared to oxygen magneto-ionics in Co3O4. Both materials are nanocrystalline (face-centered cubic structure) and show reversible voltage-driven ON-OFF ferromagnetism. In contrast to oxygen, nitrogen transport occurs uniformly creating a plane-wave-like migration front, without assistance of diffusion channels. Remarkably, nitrogen magneto-ionics requires lower threshold voltages and exhibits enhanced rates and cyclability. This is due to the lower activation energy for ion diffusion and the lower electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen. These results may open new avenues in applications such as brain-inspired computing or iontronics in general.
Myeloid Krüppel-like factor 2 is a critical regulator of metabolic inflammation
Authors: Sweet David R. , Vasudevan Neelakantan T. , Fan Liyan , Booth Chloe E. , Keerthy Komal S. , Liao Xudong , Vinayachandran Vinesh , Takami Yoichi , Tugal Derin , Sharma Nikunj , Chan E. Ricky , Zhang Lilei , Qing Yulan , Gerson Stanton L. , Fu Chen , Wynshaw-Boris Anthony , Sangwung Panjamaporn , Nayak Lalitha , Holvoet Paul , Matoba Keiichiro , Lu Yuan , Zhou Guangjin , Jain Mukesh K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSubstantial evidence implicates crosstalk between metabolic tissues and the immune system in the inception and progression of obesity. However, molecular regulators that orchestrate metaflammation both centrally and peripherally remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify myeloid Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) as an essential regulator of obesity and its sequelae. In mice and humans, consumption of a fatty diet downregulates myeloid KLF2 levels. Under basal conditions, myeloid-specific KLF2 knockout mice (K2KO) exhibit increased feeding and weight gain. High-fat diet (HFD) feeding further exacerbates the K2KO metabolic disease phenotype. Mechanistically, loss of myeloid KLF2 increases metaflammation in peripheral and central tissues. A combination of pair-feeding, bone marrow-transplant, and microglial ablation implicate central and peripheral contributions to K2KO-induced metabolic dysfunction observed. Finally, overexpression of myeloid KLF2 protects mice from HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Together, these data establish myeloid KLF2 as a nodal regulator of central and peripheral metabolic inflammation in homeostasis and disease.
Corrosion inhibition of copper in ferric chloride solutions with organic inhibitors
Authors: Sisso Omer , Dor Snir , Eliyahu David , Sabatani Eyal , Eliaz Noam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFerric chloride (FeCl3) has widespread use as an etchant in the PCB industry and for photochemical machining. Although the corrosion process of copper in FeCl3is well known, the use of organic inhibitors of copper corrosion in FeCl3solutions has not been reported. Such inhibition may allow microfabrication of special PCB designs and electrochemical sensors. Here, we investigate the inhibition of copper corrosion by FeCl3(0.10 or 2.46 M) solutions with organic inhibitors. The most promising inhibitors are identified, investigated in 0.01 M FeCl3solution using electrochemical techniques at different temperatures and exposure times, and the modified surfaces of copper are characterized by a variety of techniques in order to determine the inhibition mechanism. 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (MBTA, 65 mM) and 1H-benzotriazole (BTA, 65 mM) are found to be the most attractive inhibitors, with inhibition efficiencies between 96.5% and 99.5% at room temperature, depending on the exposure time and the measurement technique.
Smoke and Alcohol Free with EHealth and Rewards (SAFER) pregnancy study: a before−after study protocol
Authors: Breunis Leonieke J. , de Kroon Marlou L. A. , Laureij Lyzette T. , de Jong-Potjer Lieke , Steegers Eric A. P. , Been Jasper V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDespite existing interventions, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy are common. The Smoke and Alcohol Free with EHealth and Rewards (SAFER) pregnancy intervention combines monthly group sessions, access to a web-based platform and incentives upon biochemically validated cessation for a maximum duration of 6 months to promote cessation of smoking and alcohol use before and during pregnancy. To inform development of the SAFER pregnancy intervention, two focus groups with the target population were held beforehand, with results reported here alongside the final SAFER pregnancy study protocol. In a before−after study we aim to include 66 women who are pregnant or have a wish to become pregnant and who smoke and/or consume alcohol (i.e. target population of the SAFER pregnancy intervention). The primary outcome measure is cessation of smoking and/or alcohol use at 34−38 weeks of gestation, or after six group sessions if women did not become pregnant during the study period. Secondary outcomes focus on the barriers and facilitators for implementation of the SAFER pregnancy intervention.
QM-symex, update of the QM-sym database with excited state information for 173 kilo molecules
Authors: Liang Jiechun , Ye Shuqian , Dai Tianshu , Zha Ziyue , Gao Yuechen , Zhu Xi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the research field of material science, quantum chemistry database plays an indispensable role in determining the structure and properties of new material molecules and in deep learning in this field. A new quantum chemistry database, the QM-sym, has been set up in our previous work. The QM-sym is an open-access database focusing on transition states, energy, and orbital symmetry. In this work, we put forward the QM-symex with 173-kilo molecules. Each organic molecular in the QM-symex combines with the Cnh symmetry composite and contains the information of the first ten singlet and triplet transitions, including energy, wavelength, orbital symmetry, oscillator strength, and other quasi-molecular properties. QM-symex serves as a benchmark for quantum chemical machine learning models that can be effectively used to train new models of excited states in the quantum chemistry region as well as contribute to further development of the green energy revolution and materials discovery.
The ongoing nutrition transition thwarts long-term targets for food security, public health and environmental protection
Authors: Bodirsky Benjamin Leon , Dietrich Jan Philipp , Martinelli Eleonora , Stenstad Antonia , Pradhan Prajal , Gabrysch Sabine , Mishra Abhijeet , Weindl Isabelle , Le Mouël Chantal , Rolinski Susanne , Baumstark Lavinia , Wang Xiaoxi , Waid Jillian L. , Lotze-Campen Hermann , Popp Alexander 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe nutrition transition transforms food systems globally and shapes public health and environmental change. Here we provide a global forward-looking assessment of a continued nutrition transition and its interlinked symptoms in respect to food consumption. These symptoms range from underweight and unbalanced diets to obesity, food waste and environmental pressure. We find that by 2050, 45% (39–52%) of the world population will be overweight and 16% (13–20%) obese, compared to 29% and 9% in 2010 respectively. The prevalence of underweight approximately halves but absolute numbers stagnate at 0.4–0.7 billion. Aligned, dietary composition shifts towards animal-source foods and empty calories, while the consumption of vegetables, fruits and nuts increases insufficiently. Population growth, ageing, increasing body mass and more wasteful consumption patterns are jointly pushing global food demand from 30 to 45 (43–47) Exajoules. Our comprehensive open dataset and model provides the interfaces necessary for integrated studies of global health, food systems, and environmental change. Achieving zero hunger, healthy diets, and a food demand compatible with environmental boundaries necessitates a coordinated redirection of the nutrition transition. Reducing household waste, animal-source foods, and overweight could synergistically address multiple symptoms at once, while eliminating underweight would not substantially increase food demand.
Comprehensive ESI-Q TRAP-MS/MS based characterization of metabolome of two mango (Mangifera indica L) cultivars from China
Authors: Tan Lin , Jin Zhiqiang , Ge Yu , Nadeem Habibullah , Cheng Zhihao , Azeem Farrukh , Zhan Rulin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolyphenols based bioactive compounds from vegetables and fruits are known for impressive antioxidant activity. Ingestion of these antioxidants may promote human health against cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Mango is a popular tropical fruit with special taste, high nutritional value and health-enhancing metabolites. The aim was to investigate the diversity of phytochemicals between two mango cultivars of china at three stages of fruit maturity. We used ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS approach to characterize comprehensively the metabolome of two mango cultivars named Hongguifei (HGF) and Tainong (TN). HPLC was used to quantify selected catechin based phenolic compounds. Moreover, real-time qPCR was used to study the expression profiles of two key genes (ANR and LAR) involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis from catechins and derivatives. A total of 651 metabolites were identified, which include at least 257 phenolic compounds. Higher number of metabolites were differentially modulated in peel as compared to pulp. Overall, the relative quantities of amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, and other metabolites were increased in the pulp of TN cultivar. While the contents of phenolic compounds were relatively higher in HGF cultivar. Moreover, HPLC based quantification of catechin and derivatives exhibited cultivar specific variations. The ANR and LAR genes exhibited an opposite expression profile in both cultivars. Current study is the first report of numerous metabolites including catechin-based derivatives in mango fruit. These findings open novel possibilities for the use of mango as a source of bioactive compounds.
Synthesis of lignin-derived nitrogen-doped carbon as a novel catalyst for 4-NP reduction evaluation
Authors: Liu Yun , Xu Huanghui , Yu Hongfei , Yang Haihua , Chen Tao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) was fabricated using lignin as carbon source and g-C3N4 as sacrificial template and nitrogen source. The structural properties of as-prepared NC were characterized by TEM, XRD, FT-IR, Raman, XPS and BET techniques. Attractively, NC has proved efficient for reducing 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) using NaBH4 as hydrogen donor with high apparent rate constant (kapp = 4.77 min−1) and specific mass activity (s = 361 mol kgcat−1 h−1), which values are superior to the previously reported catalysts in the literature. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that four kinds of N dopants can change the electronic structure of the adjacent carbon atoms and contribute to their catalytic properties dependant on N species, however, graphitic N species has much greater contribution to 4-NP adsorption and catalytic reduction. Furthermore, The preliminary mechanism of this transfer hydrogenation reaction over as-prepared NC is proposed on the basis of XPS and DFT data. Astoundingly, NC has excellent stability and reusability of six consecutive runs without loss of catalytic activity. These findings open up a vista to engineer lignin-derived NC as metal-free catalyst for hydrogenation reaction.
A combined transcriptomic approach to identify candidates for an anti-tick vaccine blocking B. afzelii transmission
Authors: Trentelman Jos J. A. , Sima Radek , Krezdorn Nicolas , Tomás-Cortázar Julen , Barriales Diego , Takumi Katsuhisa , Butler Joe M. , Sprong Hein , Klouwens Michelle J. , Urbanova Veronika , Mahmood Sazzad , Winter Peter , Kopacek Petr , Anguita Juan , Hajdusek Ondrej , Hovius Joppe W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIxodes ricinus is the vector for Borrelia afzelii, the predominant cause of Lyme borreliosis in Europe, whereas Ixodes scapularis is the vector for Borrelia burgdorferi in the USA. Transcription of several I. scapularis genes changes in the presence of B. burgdorferi and contributes to successful infection. To what extend B. afzelii influences gene expression in I. ricinus salivary glands is largely unknown. Therefore, we measured expression of uninfected vs. infected tick salivary gland genes during tick feeding using Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends (MACE) and RNAseq, quantifying 26.179 unique transcripts. While tick feeding was the main differentiator, B. afzelii infection significantly affected expression of hundreds of transcripts, including 465 transcripts after 24 h of tick feeding. Validation of the top-20 B. afzelii-upregulated transcripts at 24 h of tick feeding in ten biological genetic distinct replicates showed that expression varied extensively. Three transcripts could be validated, a basic tail protein, a lipocalin and an ixodegrin, and might be involved in B. afzelii transmission. However, vaccination with recombinant forms of these proteins only marginally altered B. afzelii infection in I. ricinus-challenged mice for one of the proteins. Collectively, our data show that identification of tick salivary genes upregulated in the presence of pathogens could serve to identify potential pathogen-blocking vaccine candidates.
Multicellular contractility contributes to the emergence of mesothelioma nodules
Authors: Tarnoki-Zach Julia , Stockhammer Paul , Isai Dona Greta , Mehes Elod , Szeder Balint , Kovacs Ildiko , Bugyik Edina , Paku Sandor , Berger Walter , Thomas Sufi Mary , Neufeld Zoltan , Dome Balazs , Hegedus Balazs , Czirok Andras 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has an overall poor prognosis and unsatisfactory treatment options. MPM nodules, protruding into the pleural cavity may have growth and spreading dynamics distinct that of other solid tumors. We demonstrate that multicellular aggregates can develop spontaneously in the majority of tested MPM cell lines when cultured at high cell density. Surprisingly, the nodule-like aggregates do not arise by excessive local cell proliferation, but by myosin II-driven cell contractility. Prominent actin cables, spanning several cells, are abundant both in cultured aggregates and in MPM surgical specimens. We propose a computational model for in vitro MPM nodule development. Such a self-tensioned Maxwell fluid exhibits a pattern-forming instability that was studied by analytical tools and computer simulations. Altogether, our findings may underline a rational for targeting the actomyosin system in MPM.
A novel patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model of highly-aggressive liver metastasis for identification of candidate effective drug-combinations
Authors: Zhang Zhiying , Hu Kaiwen , Miyake Kentaro , Kiyuna Tasuku , Oshiro Hiromichi , Wangsiricharoen Sintawat , Kawaguchi Kei , Higuchi Takashi , Razmjooei Sahar , Miyake Masuyo , Chawla Sant P. , Singh Shree Ram , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLiver metastasis is a recalcitrant disease that usually leads to death of the patient. The present study established a unique patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude mouse model of a highly aggressive liver metastasis of colon cancer. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate proof-of-concept that candidate drug combinations could significantly inhibit growth and re-metastasis of this recalcitrant tumor. The patient’s liver metastasis was initially established subcutaneously in nude mice and the subcutaneous tumor tissue was then orthotopically implanted in the liver of nude mice to establish a PDOX model. Two studies were performed to test different drugs or drug combination, indicating that 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + irinotecan (IRI) + bevacizumab (BEV) and regorafenib (REG) + selumetinib (SEL) had significantly inhibited liver metastasis growth (p = 0.013 and p = 0.035, respectively), and prevented liver satellite metastasis. This study is proof of concept that a PDOX model of highly aggressive colon-cancer metastasis can identify effective drug combinations and that the model has future clinical potential.