bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of carotid and axillary artery approach for stenting the patent ductus arteriosus in infants with ductal‐dependent pulmonary blood flow: A multicenter study from the congenital catheterization research collaborative
Authors: Bauser‐Heaton Holly , Qureshi Athar M. , Goldstein Bryan H. , Glatz Andrew C. , Nicholson George T. , Meadows Jeffrey J. , Depaolo John S. , Aggarwal Varun , McCracken Courtney E. , Mossad Emad B. , Wilson Elizabeth C. , Petit Christopher J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCarotid artery (CA) and axillary artery (AA) access are increasingly used for transcatheter stenting of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), although reports are limited.MethodsThe Congenital Catheterization Research Collaborative (CCRC) reviewed multicenter data from infants who underwent PDA stenting via the CA or AA approach from 2008 to 2017, and compared outcomes to those of infants undergoing PDA stenting via the femoral artery (FA) approach. Post‐procedure ultrasound (US) imaging was reviewed.ResultsForty‐nine infants underwent PDA stenting from the CA (n = 43) or AA (n = 6) approach, compared with 55 infants who underwent PDA stenting from the FA approach. The PDA was the sole pulmonary blood flow (PBF) source in 61% of infants in the CA/AA cohort, compared with 33% of the FA cohort (p < .01). Ductal tortuosity for CA/AA cohort was Type I (straight) in 10 (20%), Type II (one turn) in 17 (35%), and Type III (multiple turns) in 22 (45%) infants and reflected a greater degree of tortuosity when compared to the FA cohort (p < .01). In 17 infants with CA/AA approach, the “flip technique” was used, and was associated with shorter procedure times for highly tortuous PDA (Type III) patients. Rates of procedural complications were similar across access sites. Most common complications were access site injury (thrombus or bleeding) and stent malposition. No complications were specifically related to the “flip technique.”ConclusionsUse of CA and AA approach for PDA stenting was found to be more commonly employed in sole source PBF and highly tortuous PDAs. Procedural modifications such as the “flip technique” may lead to shorter procedure times. CA and AA approaches are associated with a similar burden of procedural or late complications. Post‐procedural surveillance of the CA and AA is suggested, given the incidence of vascular findings on US.
Mesostructured Hollow Siliceous Spheres for Adsorption of Dyes
Authors: Soltani Roozbeh , Marjani Azam , Hosseini Mina , Shirazian Saeed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA facile and one‐pot strategy for the preparation of novel diamino‐functionalized hollow siliceous spheres (DAF‐HSS) is suggested. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) images of DAF‐HSS showed a monodispersed hollow sphere morphology. Also, TEM images revealed that the DAF‐HSS has a porous structure with parallel semi‐long‐range channels. DAF‐HSS material was used as an adsorbent for the removal of hazardous monocationic dyes in aqueous solution. Neutral red (NR) and crystal violet (CV) were selected as model compounds. Isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out and their different linear forms were applied and compared. The equilibrium data fitted better with the Langmuir model.
Light to moderate amount of lifetime alcohol consumption and risk of cancer in Japan
Authors: Zaitsu Masayoshi , Takeuchi Takumi , Kobayashi Yasuki , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundEven light to moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to increase cancer incidence. However, this association has not been well characterized in Japan.MethodsBased on a nationwide, hospital‐based data set (2005‐2016), a multicenter case‐control study was conducted (63,232 cancer cases and 63,232 controls matched for sex, age, admission date, and admitting hospital). The total amount of lifetime alcohol consumption (drink‐years) was recalled for each patient by multiplication of the daily amount of standardized alcohol use (drinks per day) and the duration of drinking (years). Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for overall and specific cancer sites via conditional logistic regression with restricted cubic splines, with adjustments made for smoking, occupational class, and comorbidities. Lifetime abstainers served as the reference group.ResultsSpline curves showed a dose‐response association with overall cancer risk: the minimum risk was at 0 drink‐years, and the OR at 10 drink‐years was 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04‐1.06). In comparison with lifetime abstainers, the OR for >0 to 20 drink‐years was 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01‐1.11). Those who drank 2 drinks or fewer per day had elevated odds for overall cancer risk across all duration‐of‐drinking categories. The same patterns were observed at light to moderate levels of drinking for most gastrointestinal/aerodigestive cancers as well as breast and prostate cancers. Analyses stratified by sex, different drinking/smoking behaviors, and occupational class mostly showed the same patterns for overall cancer incidence associated with light to moderate levels of drinking.ConclusionsIn Japan, even light to moderate alcohol consumption appears to be associated with elevated cancer risks.
A unified heuristic bat algorithm to optimize the LEACH protocol
Authors: Cai Xingjuan , Geng Shaojin , Wu Di , Wang Lei , Wu Qidi 
Published: December 2019

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSN) have high value in the field of wireless communications. As the earliest WSN clustering protocol, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) can effectively reduce the energy consumption of data transmission in sensor networks. However, LEACH has some problems such as cluster head nodes are unevenly distributed. In this paper, a unified heuristic bat algorithm (UHBA) is proposed to optimize elections in cluster heads. This algorithm guarantees that the election of cluster heads can freely transform both global search and local search. Meanwhile, comparing with several other variants of the bat algorithm in CEC2013 test suite, it can be seen from results that UHBA has better performance. Moreover, the application of the algorithm on LEACH is better than other algorithms, which further proves that the algorithm has better results.
Maternal diet affects juvenile Carpetan rock lizard performance and personality
Authors: Horváth Gergely , Rodríguez‐Ruiz Gonzalo , Martín José , López Pilar , Herczeg Gábor 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDifferences in both stable and labile state variables are known to affect the emergence and maintenance of consistent interindividual behavioral variation (animal personality or behavioral syndrome), especially when experienced early in life. Variation in environmental conditions experienced by gestating mothers (viz. nongenetic maternal effects) is known to have significant impact on offspring condition and behavior; yet, their effect on behavioral consistency is not clear. Here, by applying an orthogonal experimental design, we aimed to study whether increased vitamin D3content in maternal diet during gestation (vitamin‐supplemented vs. vitamin control treatments) combined with corticosterone treatment (corticosterone‐treated vs. corticosterone control treatments) applied on freshly hatched juveniles had an effect on individual state and behavioral consistency of juvenile Carpetan rock lizards (Iberolacerta cyreni). We tested the effect of our treatments on (a) climbing speed and the following levels of behavioral variation, (b) strength of animal personality (behavioral repeatability), (c) behavioral type (individual mean behavior), and (d) behavioral predictability (within‐individual behavioral variation unrelated to environmental change). We found higher locomotor performance of juveniles from the vitamin‐supplemented group (42.4% increase), irrespective of corticosterone treatment. While activity personality was present in all treatments, shelter use personality was present only in the vitamin‐supplemented × corticosterone‐treated treatment and risk‐taking personality was present in corticosterone control treatments. Contrary to our expectations, behavioral type was not affected by our treatments, indicating that individual quality can affect behavioral strategies without affecting group‐level mean behavior. Behavioral predictability decreased in individuals with low climbing speed, which could be interpreted as a form of antipredator strategy. Our results clearly demonstrate that maternal diet and corticosterone treatment have the potential to induce or hamper between‐individual variation in different components of boldness, often in interactions.
Forest birds exhibit variable changes in occurrence during a mountain pine beetle epidemic
Authors: Mosher Brittany A. , Saab Victoria A. , Lerch Michael D. , Ellis Martha M. , Rotella Jay J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent epidemics of mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) have fundamentally altered forests of the Intermountain West, impacting management decisions related to fire, logging, and wildlife conservation. We evaluated how a recent mountain pine beetle epidemic influenced the site occupancy of 39 avian species in forests dominated by ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) on the Helena National Forest, Montana. Point count data were collected during the avian breeding seasons (May–July) of 2003–2006 (pre‐epidemic) and 2009–2011 (during‐epidemic). We used a community‐level Bayesian hierarchical model accounting for imperfect detection to obtain occupancy estimates for all detected forest birds. Our model for site occupancy included the annual presence of mountain pine beetles, the proportion of ponderosa pine at sites, the interaction between the two, and a random effect of year. We observed changes in occurrence over the study period for 23 of 39 species, including shifts toward and away from beetle‐killed ponderosa pine. Community turnover increased during the epidemic and then returned quickly to pre‐epidemic levels. Our results illustrate the myriad habitat preferences of the small landbird community and suggest that a mosaic of disturbed conifer, intact live conifer, and adjacent aspen forests will be critical for the persistence of populations of native avifauna in the Intermountain West.
Spatial variability of historical fires across a red pine–oak landscape, Pennsylvania,USA
Authors: Marschall Joseph M. , Stambaugh Michael C. , Jones Benjamin C. , Abadir Erin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLong‐term, ecosystem‐specific fire regime information improves natural community restoration and management by providing a basis for scientifically reasoned fire management prescriptions. Historical fire regimes can be reconstructed to sub‐annual resolution using fire‐scarred trees, and while such reconstructions have become increasingly prevalent across the easternUSA, little information regarding how they vary at landscape scale is available. Most studies report fire regime characteristics (i.e., frequency, seasonality) at site‐composite levels, commonly at ≤1 km2spatial resolution. In this study, we analyzed the historical spatial variation of fire regime characteristics over the past four centuries (1620CEto present) in a red pine/oak landscape (30.75 km2) in north‐central Pennsylvania,USA. Fire event data were reconstructed based on fire scars and locations of 192 living and dead red pines. The spatial and temporal distributions of fire scars revealed a historical fire regime dominated by frequent, dormant season fires most often detected at relatively small spatial extents and by relatively few trees. There was, however, evidence of less frequent, relatively large fires that scarred high percentages of trees. These fire regime characteristics likely resulted in a spatially and temporally transient patchwork of varying vegetation age and structures resulting in a heterogeneous landscape. At the landscape scale, fire frequency changed with human cultures, while fire spatial extent and scarring patterns appeared to be modulated by drought conditions. Results from this study show historical precedence for landscape‐scale burning across a broad range of drought conditions and spatial extents, which should be considered when designing fire‐management and ecosystem restoration objectives.
Prognostic utility of diastolic dysfunction and speckle tracking echocardiography in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Hansen Sune , Brainin Philip , Sengeløv Morten , Jørgensen Peter Godsk , Bruun Niels Eske , Olsen Flemming Javier , Fritz‐Hansen Thomas , Schou Morten , Gislason Gunnar , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsWe hypothesized that grading of diastolic dysfunction (DDF) according to two DDF grading algorithms and strain imaging yields prognostic information on all‐cause mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsWe enrolled ambulatory HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%; N = 1 065) patients who underwent echocardiography and speckle tracking assessment of global longitudinal strain (GLS). Patients were stratified according to DDF grades (Grades I–III) according to two contemporary DDF grading algorithms. Prognostic performance was assessed by C‐statistics. Of the originally 1 065 enrolled patients, a total of 645 (61%) patients (age: 67 ± 11 years, male: 72%, ejection fraction: 27 ± 9%) were classified according to both DDF grading algorithms. Concordance between the algorithms was moderate (kappa = 0.48) and the reclassification rate was 33%. During a median follow‐up of 3.3 years (1.9, 4.7 years), 101 (16%) died from all causes. When comparing DDF Grade I vs. Grade III, both algorithms provided prognostic information [Nagueh: (hazard ratio) HR 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI),1.32–3.31, P = 0.002; Johansen: HR 2.47, 95% CI, 1.57–3.87, P < 0.001]. However, when comparing DDF Grade II vs. Grade III, only the Johansen algorithm yielded prognostic information (Nagueh: HR 1.04, 95% CI, 0.60–1.77, P = 0.90; Johansen: HR 2.26, 95% CI, 1.35–3.77, P = 0.002). We found no difference in prognostic performance between the two algorithms (C‐statistics: 0.604 vs. 0.623, P = 0.24). Assessed by C‐statistics, the most powerful predictors of the endpoint from the two algorithms were E/e'‐ratio (C‐statistics: 0.644), tricuspid regurgitation velocity (C‐statistics: 0.625) and E/A‐ratio (C‐statistics: 0.602). When adding GLS to a combination of these predictors, the prognostic performance increased significantly (C‐statistics: 0.705 vs. C‐statistics: 0.634, P = 0.028).ConclusionsEvaluation of DDF in patients with HFrEF yields prognostic information on all‐cause mortality. Furthermore, adding GLS to contemporary algorithms of DDF adds novel prognostic information.
In‐situ formation and intercalation of carbon dots induced high‐yield 1T‐molybdenum disulfide as electrode materials
Authors: Xie Fei , Wang Guoyu , Zhao Tianlei , Wang Qiyang , Yan Manqing , Bi Hong , Tang Longxiang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerein, carbon dots/octahedral molybdenum disulfide hybrids (CDs@1T‐MoS2) were successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method by the induction of carbon dots. In this method, CDs as a core in this system were first synthesized via hydrothermal method of citric acid (CA). Their morphology and properties were analyzed using X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. Results indicated that the high yield (about 78%) and ultrathin sheets octahedral 1T‐MoS2 were obtained by introducing CDs fabricated by hydrothermal CA. Importantly, this work effectively solves the aggregation of non‐substituted MoS2 sheets via in‐situ formation, intercalation and exfoliation of CDs and achieves MoS2 sheet‐based electrode materials with big specific surface area and high specific capacitance as well as good rate capability and excellent cycling stability. Among binary CDs@1T‐MoS2 hybrids, the S4 hybrid especially exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 380 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g and the best cycle stability with keeping 97% after 2000 charge‐discharge cycles. The outstanding performances of the CDs@1T‐MoS2 hybrids were mainly attributed to the awesome synergistic effects between CDs and 1T‐MoS2. And these multifunctional CDs@1T‐MoS2 hybrids have great potential applications in supercapacitance electrode material, microwave adsorption, and catalytic degradation.
Decoding and mapping task states of the human brain via deep learning
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Liang Xiao , Jiang Zhoufan , Nguchu Benedictor A. , Zhou Yawen , Wang Yanming , Wang Huijuan , Li Yu , Zhu Yuying , Wu Feng , Gao Jia‐Hong , Qiu Bensheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSupport vector machine (SVM)‐based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has delivered promising performance in decoding specific task states based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain. Conventionally, the SVM‐MVPA requires careful feature selection/extraction according to expert knowledge. In this study, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) for directly decoding multiple brain task states from fMRI signals of the brain without any burden for feature handcrafts. We trained and tested the DNN classifier using task fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project's S1200 dataset (N = 1,034). In tests to verify its performance, the proposed classification method identified seven tasks with an average accuracy of 93.7%. We also showed the general applicability of the DNN for transfer learning to small datasets (N = 43), a situation encountered in typical neuroscience research. The proposed method achieved an average accuracy of 89.0 and 94.7% on a working memory task and a motor classification task, respectively, higher than the accuracy of 69.2 and 68.6% obtained by the SVM‐MVPA. A network visualization analysis showed that the DNN automatically detected features from areas of the brain related to each task. Without incurring the burden of handcrafting the features, the proposed deep decoding method can classify brain task states highly accurately, and is a powerful tool for fMRI researchers.
When ignorance is bliss: Intentional agnosticism in drug approval
Authors: Litvin Valentyn 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn developed nations, public health agencies typically use data from randomized controlled trials to evaluate new drugs. However, these trials routinely exclude populations to which clinicians prescribe approved drugs, meaning some patients are treated with drugs, which were approved on the basis of another group's treatment response. Despite having opportunities to change, some health agencies have not mandated greater inclusion in drug trials and appear to prefer remaining ignorant of some populations' treatment effects when approving a drug. To explore this decision, I introduce a novel mechanism by which a health agency would choose to be intentionally agnostic regarding a population's treatment response. The main contribution of this paper is in showing how ambiguity about on‐label and off‐label prescription rates could possibly encourage population exclusion in drug approval trials even in the absence of concerns about trial necessity or cost.
Welfare consequences of access to health insurance for rural households: Evidence from the New Cooperative Medical Scheme in China
Authors: Sun Jessica Ya 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study evaluates the welfare benefits of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), the main public health insurance plan for the rural population in China. The findings show that the value of the NCMS to recipients is slightly lower than the government's costs of implementation, ranging from 0.79 to 0.97 per RMB of the resource cost of the NCMS. The estimated moral hazard costs are low compared with the total benefits. It is also estimated that the benefits originating from the NCMS's insurance function only constitute 20% of the total benefits, suggesting a need for higher generosity levels among rural households. Our results shed new light on the welfare effects of access health insurance among low‐ and middle‐income households.
Mycophenolic Acid and Its Pharmacokinetic Drug‐Drug Interactions in Humans: Review of the Evidence and Clinical Implications
Authors: Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Pruksakorn Dumnoensun , Koonrungsesomboon Nut 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMycophenolic acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressive agent commonly prescribed during posttransplant periods for the prevention of acute and chronic rejection following organ transplantation. Compelling evidence has demonstrated a pivotal role of the exposure level of MPA in determining the rate of allograft rejection as well as the incidence of adverse outcomes, such as gastrointestinal complaints and myelosuppression. Because MPA has wide interindividual pharmacokinetic (PK) variability, the importance of maintaining the MPA concentration levels within its therapeutic range is clear. In addition, due to its complex PKs, MPA is prone to inadvertently develop PK drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) with many agents, some of which are commonly used in organ transplant recipients. Failure to acknowledge such clinically significant PK DDIs between MPA and other coadministered drugs could potentially lead to devastating outcomes, ie, the occurrence of acute and chronic allograft rejection or the development of severe adverse events. The rationale to avoid concomitant use of certain drugs with MPA has been established; however, there is a lack of comprehensive literature to guide clinicians and medical professionals on the recognition and monitoring of potential PK DDIs when MPA is prescribed. In this article we comprehensively review, summarize, and discuss previous clinical studies that investigated the impact of coadministered drugs on the PK of MPA, with a major focus on the PK DDIs between MPA and commonly coadministered drugs.
An expeditious synthesis of 2,3‐dihydroquinozoline‐4(1H)‐ones using graphene‐supported sulfonic acid
Authors: Gajare Shivanand , Jagadale Megha , Naikwade Altafhusen , Bansode Prakash , Patil Pradnya , Rashinkar Gajanan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGraphene‐supported sulfonic acid (Gr@SO3H) has been prepared by covalent grafting of (3‐mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane in the matrix of graphene followed by treatment with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Gr@SO3H has been successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman (FT‐Raman) spectroscopy, CP‐MAS13C NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) analysis, and X‐ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. Gr@SO3H served as a robust heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of bioactive 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones from anthranilamide and aryl aldehydes in ethanol. Recyclability experiments were executed successfully for six consecutive runs.
New and convergent synthesis of saflufenacil
Authors: Wang Bin , Mao Yongjun , Liu Xiangyu , Zhao Zhiwei , Bu Lehao , Wang Han 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA new, practical, and hundred‐gram scale synthesis of saflufenacil, a protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor herbicide, is described. The key intermediate N‐methyl‐N‐isopropyl sulfamide (12) is obtained from sulfuryl chloride isocyanate, t‐butanol, and N‐methyl‐N‐isopropylamine in 74.8% yield over 3 steps. Saflufenacil is prepared in 48.6% yield over 8 steps and 98.7% purity (HPLC).