bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction in the Frequency of Scope Contamination During Laparoscopic Surgery Correlates with Scope Operator Experience
Authors: Ito Ryota , Minamimura Keisuke , Tanaka Yusuke , Kono Yoshiharu , Mori Kazuhiko , Hirata Toru , Kobayashi Takashi , Kawasaki Seiji 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background As laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery becomes more common in mid-sized municipal hospitals in Japan, young trainees have increasing opportunities to attend laparoscopic colorectomy procedures as a scope operator. However, the performance of the inexperienced scope operator may affect the operative outcome. This study aims to provide a quantitative measure of the scope operator’s performance, by analyzing scope contamination events, and to determine the influence of this measure on surgical outcomes.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the operative videos of 70 sigmoid colectomy or high anterior resection cases performed between February 2014 and July 2019 in our hospital. Twenty-four young surgeons alternated assisting with the procedure as the scope operator. To quantify the scope operators’ performance, the frequency of laparoscopic lens contamination events (FLC) during surgery was determined. The FLC and operative outcomes were compared among the first, second, and subsequent procedures performed by each scope operator. We identified the cause of lens contamination and surgical situation in which contamination occurred. We examined the relationship between the FLC and experience level of the scope operator for specific types of contamination and surgical situations.Results A total of 733 lens contaminations were observed. The median FLC was 10 (minimum: 1, maximum: 34) during each operation. The FLC and number of procedures performed by the scope operator had a negative linear correlation. Multivariate analysis showed that the experience level of the scope operator was the only independent predictor of operation time. There was also a negative linear correlation between the number of procedures performed by the scope operator and scope contamination during colorectal mobilization.Conclusions Scope operator experience decreases scope contamination and could facilitate the laparoscopic surgical workflow. The influence of the scope operator’s performance should be emphasized.
Significance of CTNNB1 Mutation in Cellular Process, Prognosis, and Drug Selection in gastric cancer
Authors: Cheng tianqiong , chen xuenong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have reported that CTNNB1 mutant is a frequently mutated gene found in gastric cancer (GC), making this a valuable biomarker for GC. However, the underling mechanism of CTNNB1 regulating GC remains unknown.Aim of the study: To identify the significance of the CTNNB1 mutation in the prognosis and drug selection of GC, evaluate important genes and pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of GC.Materials and methods: Data sets were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-STAD. CTNNB1 mutation and drug sensitivity analysis based on GDSC database. CTNNB1 wild group and mutant group analyzed by GSEA enrichment. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by LIMMA package for further GO and KEGG analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape software. Results: The CTNNB1 mutation is found in 8% of GC patients. Patients with CTNNB1 mutations had better prognosis on overall survival and disease-free survival. GC cells with CTNNB1 mutation are sensitive to Nutlin-3a. In total 727 genes were identified as DEGs. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that DEGs were significantly enriched in categories associated with cell differentiation and immune response, digestion related pathways and multiple signal transduction related pathways. Top three significant modules of genes in the PPI network were identified and analyzed.Conclusions: Our results indicated that multiple genes and pathways may play a key role in GC patients with CTNNB1 mutation, implicated these factors as possible targets for future therapeutic strategies in patients with GC.
Associations of a SHROOM3 variant with mild renal impairment and depressive symptoms in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Sun Xue-Hui , Jiang Xiao-Yan , Chen Ze-Kun , Chen Jie , Bao Zhi-Jun , Wang Xiao-Feng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the associations of several genetic variants identified in the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry with mild renal impairment glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in Chinese Han population.Methods: Data of 1788 community-dwelling elders from the baseline survey of the ageing arm of the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study was used. Plasma creatinine based GFR was estimated using the eGFR-EPI equations.Results: Of the 10 common polymorphisms identified in GWAS of the European ancestry, rs17319721 located in the first intron of the SHROOM3, was associated with GFR. A allele was associated with both decreased GFR level and greater odds of mild renal impairment (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.23, p=0.029) defined by GFR<90 mL/min/1.73 m2 after adjusting for multiple confounds of chronic kidney disease. In addition, compared with rs17319721-GG genotype, AA was associated with both higher depressive score and greater risk of depression prevalence, showing a pleiotropic effects of rs17319721. However, we did not found significant association of GFR levels with another 42 common polymorphisms that was previously reported to be associated with the traditional risk factors of kidney diseases.Conclusions: SHROOM3-rs17319721 is associated with GFR levels, kidney impairment, and depressive symptoms in a Chinese population.
An outcome evaluation of an environmental nutrition intervention conducted in an institute of higher learning in Singapore: A cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Seah Sharna Si Ying , Dam Rob Martinus van , Tai Bee Choo , Tay Zoey , Wang May C , Rebello Salome Antonette 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: Evidence for effective interventions to improve the quality of out-of-home foods is limited. The Healthier Dining Programme (HDP) is a voluntary government programme designed to increase the availability and accessibility of healthier foods and beverages at eateries in Singapore, a multi-ethnic and highly urbanized, developed nation. The objective of our study was to evaluate effects of the HDP on the out-of-home dietary intakes of consumers at an institute of higher learning.Design/Setting: We used a cluster-randomized trial design. Six food centers (two food courts and four canteens) at a large university campus were randomly assigned to the intervention or control arm. Participants were university students or staff aged ≥18 years (n=408) who frequently dined at these six food centers. Relevant data were gathered by interview and a 7-day food diary before and after 10 weeks of the intervention. Generalized estimating equations for logistic and linear regression were used to assess the difference in intake of out-of-home healthier dishes between the two study arms.Results: Participants in the intervention arm were more likely to have at least one healthier out-of-home dish per week as compared to those in the control arm (84% vs. 65%, unadjusted OR: 2.79 95% CI: 1.59, 4.88). This was due mainly to the higher consumption of dishes prepared with healthier oil blends (unadjusted OR: 3.24 95% CI: 1.95, 5.38) and lower-sodium salt (unadjusted OR: 4.36 95% CI: 1.64, 11.58) in the intervention arm. Whilst saturated and polyunsaturated fat intake in the two arms were comparable, participants in the intervention arm had lower total fat (-1.27 g/1000 kcal, 95% CI: -2.48, -0.06) and monounsaturated fat intakes (-0.50 g/1000 kcal, 95% CI: -0.94, -0.06), from out-of-home dishes as compared with the control arm.Conclusions: These findings suggest that environmental interventions at institutes of higher learning to increase healthier food availability and accessibility can improve dietary intake from out-of-home foods.
The Role of Microbiota and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Small Intestinal Enzyme Activity
Authors: García-Rodríguez Alba , Moreno-Olivas Fabiola , Marcos Ricard , Tako Elad , Marques Cláudia N. H. , Mahler Gretchen J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The authors have removed this preprint from Research Square
Prokinetic meranzin hydrate from Chaihu-Shugan-San improves depression-like behaviors and hypomotility in rats via ghrelin and neurocircuitry
Authors: Zhang Tian , Li JunFeng , Chen Ken , Liu XiangFei , Lin MuHai , Han LinRan , Liu Jin , Zheng Wan , Chen Yi , Zhou JiaLing , Shen Xu , Ren Ping , Huang Xi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Depression and functional dyspepsia (FD) are characterized by comorbidity, overlapping depression, and nausea. The pathogenesis of depression and FD is mediated by α2-adrenoreceptor and/or ghrelin. Antidepressant (A) or prokinetic (P) agents are numerous, but few have been investigated in this context. Ancient Gan-zhu-shu-xie (GZSX), whose representative traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS), may exert antidepressant effects with prokinetic meranzin hydr-ate (MH) via α2-adrenoreceptors in the acute forced swimming (FS) test in rats.Therefore, the main aim of the study is to investigate the acute antidepressant and prokinet-ic effects of CSS and MH after acutely FS on rats, and its possible mechanism.
Methods

FS rats were treated with CSS, MH, fluoxetine, ghrelin antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, and take a series of behavior tests and gastrointestina motility tests, and via 7.0 T fMRI-BOLD signal, compared with well-known mechanism of positive control.
Results

MH has similar effects to CSS-stimulated deactivation when comparedto those of fluoxetine (4.02-fold for hippocampus and 1.45-fold for thalamus). The ghrelin antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 synchronously inhibited A&P and BOLD HTB foci. Prokinetic mosapride had effects on the thalamus and basal ganglia but not the hippocampus. Within the HTB, the hippocampus is implicated in depression and FD.
Conclusion

These data show that on acute FS-stimulated DB&H, MH-induced rapid A&P, and ghrelin-related regulation coupled to BOLD signals in brain areas before, providing insight into a unified theory of depression pathogenesis and pharmacotherapy.
Modeling and Forecasting Gold Prices
Authors: Farhat Sara , Ghalayini Latifa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the reasons of gold price volatility. It analyses the information function of the gold future market by open interest contracts as speculation effect, and further fundamental factors including inflation, Chinese Yuan per dollar, Japanese Yen per dollar, dollar per euro, interest rate, oil price, and stock price, in the short-run. The study proceeds to build a Dynamic OLS model for long-run equilibrium to produce reliable gold price forecasts using the following variables: gold demand, gold supply, inflation, USD/SDR exchange rate, speculation, interest rate, oil price, and stock prices. Findings prove that in the short-run, changes in gold price does granger cause changes in open interest, and changes in Japanese Yen per dollar does granger cause changes in gold price. However, in the long-run, the results prove that gold demand, gold supply, USD/SDR exchange rate, inflation, speculation, interest rate, and oil price are associated in a long-run relationship.
The associations between cytokine levels and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients after surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yan Yamin , Wang Xiaorong , Hu Yan , Yu Zhenghong , Tang Yingjia , Li Jingjing , Mei Jinghua , Pan Wenyan , Zhang Yuxia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

The associations of serum cytokine levels and critically ill patient outcomes after surgery remain unclear. The use of cytokine markers to predict outcomes in critically ill patients is controversial.
Objective

To determine the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and procalcitonin in critical surgical ICU (SICU) patients and evaluate their associations with patient outcome and clinical significance.
Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients admitted to the SICU in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. The program ran from January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019. The levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and procalcitonin were detected, and their relationship with patient outcomes was investigated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, compared by a multivariable logistic regression analysis among the survivors and nonsurvivors.
Results

Overall, 5,257 patients were included in this study for their first SICU admission; 5,099 patients survived, 158 patients died, and the mortality rate was 3.0% (158/5,257). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that nonsurvivors had increased levels of IL-1β (OR = 1.855, P = 0.000) and IL-2 (OR = 1.51, P = 0.000) compared with survivors. In addition, 196 patients (3.7%) were readmitted to the SICU, and data from 187 patients were collected. Of these, 161 patients survived, and 26 patients died; the mortality rate was 13.9% (26/187), which was much higher than that of the first round of patients. The level of IL-2 significantly influenced SICU readmission (OR = 3.921, P = 0.000). For the third round of SICU admission, 10 patients were included, 7 patients survived, and 3 patients died; the mortality rate was 30.0% (3/10). Furthermore, older age, longer time of SICU stay, and higher rate of mechanical ventilation and CRRT were associated with patient death.
Conclusions

High levels of cytokines may be risk factors for mortality and SICU readmission in critically ill patients who receive surgery. Further work is still needed to determine which unmeasured characteristics and therapies may contribute to the increased risk observed.
Survival Outcomes in Unresectable Metastatic Rectal Cancer Patients after both Primary Site Resection and Chemoradiotherapy: A Population-based Study
Authors: Chen Jianan , Liu Zheng , Yang Ming , Ma Chenxi , Pei Wei , Wang Zheng , Liu Qian , Yu Jun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The liver is the most common site for rectal cancer metastases and metastases to the liver is the major cause of death. A significant proportion of liver metastases cannot surgically remove. However, very limited data are available in the literature regarding the survival outcomes of these patients. This study aims to investigate the survival pattern of unresectable metastatic rectal cancer patients after both chemoradiotherapy and primary tumor resection.Methods: A total of 51178 rectal cancer patients were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, of whom 448 patients were with synchronous liver metastasis and underwent both chemoradiotherapy and primary site resection. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the survival differences between the two groups. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyses independent prognostic factors and exact 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Among the 448 metastatic rectal cancer patients with both chemoradiotherapy and primary site resection, 270 (60.3%) patients were undergone hepatic resection. The mean survival, 2-year overall survival, 5-year overall survival were 37.0 months, 68.5%, 32.9% among patients who did not undergo hepatic resection compared with 56.0 months, 87.4%, 48.0% among patients who underwent hepatic resection (P<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that male, poor histological type and lack of hepatic resection were independently associated with poor overall survival (all p<0.05).Conclusions: Primary site resection and chemoradiotherapy might be able to accomplish a satisfying survival outcome in unresectable metastatic rectal cancer patients. Non-hepatic resection is the strongest risk factor associated with poor prognosis.
The development of a multilevel intervention to optimise participant engagement with an obesity prevention programme delivered in children’s centres
Authors: Burton Wendy , Sahota Pinki , Twiddy Maureen , Brown Julia , Bryant Maria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Poor participant engagement threatens the potential impact and cost effectiveness of public health programmes preventing meaningful evaluation and wider application. Although barriers and levers to participant engagement with public health programmes are well documented, there is a lack of proven strategies in the literature addressing these in order to promote recruitment and retention. This paper details the development of a participant engagement intervention aimed at promoting enrolment and retention to a community based pre-school obesity prevention programme delivered in UK children’s centres; HENRY (Health, Exercise, Nutrition for the Really Young).
Methods

The behaviour change wheel framework was used to guide the development of the participant engagement intervention. The findings of a coinciding focused ethnography study identified barriers and levers to participant engagement with HENRY that informed which behaviours should be targeted within the intervention to promote recruitment and retention. A COM-B behavioural analysis was undertaken to identify whether capability, opportunity or motivation would need to be influenced in order for the target behaviours to occur. APEASE criteria was then used to agree on appropriate intervention function and behaviour change techniques.
Results

A multi-level participant engagement intervention was developed that aimed to change behaviours across the children’s centre context; including local authority commissioners, children’s centre managers and staff. The intervention components included improved reporting of HENRY outcomes, centre manager training sessions, additional support provided to staff members involved in recruitment to the programme and refresher training for the facilitators of HENRY.
Conclusions

This paper describes one of the first attempts to develop a theory based multi-level participant engagement intervention specifically designed to promote recruitment and retention to a community based obesity prevention programme. Given the challenges to implementing public health programmes with sufficient reach, the process used to develop the intervention serves as an example of how programmes that are already widely commissioned could be optimised to enable greater impact.
The missing link to sustainable participation in community-based physical activity after rehabilitation: a qualitative study about experiences of immigrant parents and their children with disabilities
Authors: Arfa Shahrzad , Solvang Per Koren , Berg Berit , Jahnsen Reidun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Children with immigrant backgrounds and disabilities have lower rates of social participation compared with their nonimmigrant counterparts. However, rehabilitation programs offer an opportunity to promote a physically active lifestyle and increase home and community participation of children with physical disabilities. The purpose of this study was to explore immigrant families’ experiences of participation and associated challenges and/or facilitators in the local community after taking part in a participation-focused rehabilitation program in Norway. By generating knowledge about immigrant families’ experiences, this study suggests how to promote sustainable participation after rehabilitation among immigrant children with disabilities.Methods: The study used a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of immigrant parents and their children with disabilities. The interviews were analyzed using an inductive thematic analytic approach.Results: Immigrant families’ experiences of participation in the local community after rehabilitation varied. Whereas some experienced improvements in their activity and participation habits, others expressed that they reverted to their old habits. Families’ experiences showed how facing several challenges in the local community affected participation patterns among the children. The costs and lack of information, necessary skills, and local activities were among the barriers they experienced. Families’ experiences revealed that local and rehabilitation professionals were not always aware of or prepared to address the challenges faced by families trying to become physically active. Parents expressed their needs for support and continuation of services after rehabilitation for moving towards an active lifestyle. Participation patterns among children highlighted the potential role of support contacts as facilitators for participation in physical activities among the families.Conclusions: The findings reveal that continuity of services from rehabilitation centers to local communities remains a challenge despite the health authorities’ ideal of providing sustainable and continuous services after rehabilitation. Establishing an efficient collaboration between local and rehabilitation professionals with identifying potential future challenges, adjusting the interventions, clarifying roles and responsibilities, and providing supportive follow-up services may be the missing link to sustainable community-based participation.
Influence of nanoparticles in polanga (calophyllum inophyllum) biodiesel operated in an unmodified diesel engine
Authors: Venu Harish , Appavu Prabhu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The current research work emphases on analysing the characteristics of combustion, performance, and emissions of Polanga Biodiesel (PBD) fuelled single cylinder diesel engine with Al2O3 nano-additives added at concentration of 25 ppm and 50 ppm. The results were compared with the baseline diesel fuel at varying engine loads (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in a agriculture based single cylinder diesel engine of 17.5 Compression ratio at constant engine speed of 1500 rpm. Al2O3 nano-additives were blended with PBD using magnetic stirrer and ultrasonicator. Experimentation results revealed that, the nanoparticles addition in PBD improved the combustion and emission characteristics of base fuel due to higher surface area to volume ratio of nano-additives. Moreover, Al2O3 nanoparticles addition enhanced the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and lowered the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 6.58% and 7.38% respectively. Subsequently, the emissions of HC, CO, NOx and smoke opacity were improved with the addition of fuel borne additives in PBD owing to improved combustion efficiency.