bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing integrated care pilot projects in hospital settings – an exploration of disruptive practices
Authors: Mansfield Elizabeth , Sandercock Jane , Dowedoff Penny , Martel Sara , Marcinow Michelle , Shulman Richard , Parks Sheryl , Peters Mary-Lynn , Versloot Judith , Kerr Jason , Zenlea Ian 
Published: August 2020

PurposeIn Canada, integrated care pilot projects are often implemented as a local reform strategy to improve the quality of patient care and system efficiencies. In the qualitative study reported here, the authors explored the experiences of healthcare professionals when first implementing integrated care pilot projects, bringing together physical and mental health services, in a community hospital setting.Design/methodology/approachEngaging a qualitative descriptive study design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 healthcare professionals who discussed their experiences with implementing three integrated care pilot projects one year following project launch. The thematic analysis captured early implementation issues and was informed by an institutional logics framework.FindingsThree themes highlight disruptions to established logics reported by healthcare professionals during the early implementation phase: (1) integrated care practices increased workload and impacted clinical workflows; (2) integrating mental and physical health services altered patient and healthcare provider relationships; and (3) the introduction of integrated care practices disrupted healthcare team relations.Originality/valueStudy findings highlight the importance of considering existing logics in healthcare settings when planning integrated care initiatives. While integrated care pilot projects can contribute to organizational, team and individual practice changes, the priorities of healthcare stakeholders, relational work required and limited project resources can create significant implementation barriers.
Individual-focused transformational leadership and employee strengths use: the roles of positive affect and core self-evaluation
Authors: Ding He , Lin Xinqi 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThrough the lens of affective events theory, this study sought to investigate the associations of individual-focused transformational leadership, namely individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation, with employee strengths use (ESU) and the mediating role of positive affect and the moderating role of core self-evaluation (CSE) in these associations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data by a three-wave research design. Hypotheses were examined with a sample of 178 employees working in various organizations in China.FindingsThe results revealed that both individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation have positive relationships with ESU and positive affect partially mediates these two relationships. Contrary to our hypotheses, CSE negatively moderated the relationship of intellectual stimulation with positive affect and the mediational effect of positive affect on the relationship between intellectual stimulation and ESU. However, CSE did not moderate the relationships between individualized consideration, positive affect and ESU.Originality/valueThis study was the first to empirically examine the relationships of individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation with ESU and the mediating effect of positive affect and the moderating effect of CSE on these relationships.
Blast Suppression Foam, Aqueous Gel Blocks, and their Effect on Subsequent Analysis of Forensic Evidence*
Authors: Monson Keith L. , Kyllonen Kelsey M. , Leggitt Jeffrey L. , Edmiston Kelli E. , Justus Calvin R. , Kavlick Mark F. , Phillip Maria , Roberts Maria A. , Shegogue Candie W. , Watts Gabriel D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn addition to having blast mitigation properties, aqueous foam concentrate AFC‐380 blast suppression foam is designed to capture aerosolized chemical, biological, and radioactive particles during render‐safe procedures of explosive devices. Exposure to aqueous environments and surfactants may negatively affect forensic evidence found at the scene, but the effects of AFC‐380 foam and aqueous gel on the preservation and subsequent analysis of forensic evidence have not previously been investigated. Sebaceous finger and palm prints and DNA samples on paper, cardboard, tape, and various metal and plastic items, along with hairs, carpet and yarn fibers, and inks and documents, were exposed to AFC‐380 foam. Similar mock evidence was also exposed to a superabsorbent gel of the type found in aqueous gel blocks used for shrapnel containment. Exposure to foam or aqueous gel was associated with a dilution effect for recovered DNA samples, but quality of the samples was not substantially affected. In contrast, exposure to AFC‐380 foam or gel was detrimental to development of latent finger and palm prints on any substrate. Neither the hair nor the fiber samples were affected by exposure to either the foam or gel. Indented writing on the document samples was detrimentally affected by foam or gel exposure, but not inks and toners. The results from this study indicate that most types of forensic evidence recovered after being exposed to aqueous gel or blast suppression foam can be reliably analyzed, but latent finger and palm prints may be adversely affected.
miR‐138 and miR‐193 target long non‐coding RNA UCA1 to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer
Authors: Xun Guangsu , Ma Ming , Li Bing , Zhao Song 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundLong non‐coding RNA‐urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (LncRNA‐UCA1) is a crucial oncogene that is deregulated in many types of cancers. However, the mechanism of UCA1 function, especially for its posttranscriptional regulation in lung cancer, remains unclear.MethodsmiRCode was used to predict potential miRNA candidates that might target UCA1. The targets of miR‐138 and miR‐193 on UCA1 and CDK6 were verified by luciferase reporter analysis. Western blotting was used to detect protein levels. The RNA level was evaluated using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Proliferation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays were performed to assess cell proliferation and invasion abilities. Correlations between miR‐138 or miR‐193 and UCA1 in lung cancer tissues was assessed using quantitative real‐time PCR.ResultsmiR‐138 and miR‐193 specifically targeted and regulated lncRNA‐UCA1. MiR‐138 and miR‐193 both suppressed cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, miR‐138 and miR‐193 inhibited cell migration and invasion. Overexpression of UCA1 reversed the proliferation, migration, and invasion suppression effects of miR‐138 or miR‐193. Furthermore, miR‐138/193 affected the expression of UCA1 downstream genes. UCA1 regulated the expression of CDK6 as a miR‐138 and miR‐193 common target. In human lung cancer tissues, our study showed a significant negative correlation between miR‐138 or miR‐193 and UCA1 in lung cancer tissues.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that miR‐138 and miR‐193 affect cell function by directly targeting and regulating UCA1 in lung cancer.
Chronic nicotine impairs sparse motor learning via striatal fast‐spiking parvalbumin interneurons
Authors: Kim Baeksun , Im Heh‐In 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNicotine can diversely affect neural activity and motor learning in animals. However, the impact of chronic nicotine on striatal activity in vivo and motor learning at long‐term sparse timescale remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that chronic nicotine persistently suppresses the activity of striatal fast‐spiking parvalbumin interneurons, which mediate nicotine‐induced deficit in sparse motor learning. Six weeks of longitudinal in vivo single‐unit recording revealed that mice show reduced activity of fast‐spiking interneurons in the dorsal striatum during chronic nicotine exposure and withdrawal. The reduced firing of fast‐spiking interneurons was accompanied by spike broadening, diminished striatal delta oscillation power, and reduced sample entropy in local field potential. In addition, chronic nicotine withdrawal impaired motor learning with a weekly sparse training regimen but did not affect general locomotion and anxiety‐like behavior. Lastly, the excitatory DREADD hM3Dq‐mediated activation of striatal fast‐spiking parvalbumin interneurons reversed the chronic nicotine withdrawal‐induced deficit in sparse motor learning. Taken together, we identified that chronic nicotine withdrawal impairs sparse motor learning via disruption of activity in striatal fast‐spiking parvalbumin interneurons. These findings suggest that sparse motor learning paradigm can reveal the subtle effect of nicotine withdrawal on motor function and that striatal fast‐spiking parvalbumin interneurons are a neural substrate of nicotine's effect on motor learning.
Mechanisms of spindle assembly and size control
Authors: Guilloux Gabriel , Gibeaux Romain 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe spindle is crucial for cell division by allowing the faithful segregation of replicated chromosomes to daughter cells. Proper segregation is ensured only if microtubules (MTs) and hundreds of other associated factors interact to assemble this complex structure with the appropriate architecture and size. In this review, we describe the latest view of spindle organisation as well as the molecular gradients and mechanisms underlying MT nucleation and spindle assembly. We then discuss the overlapping physical and molecular constraints that dictate spindle morphology, concluding with a focus on spindle size regulation.
Evaluation of the role of thyroid scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Perdomo Carolina M. , García‐Goñi Marta , Sancho Lidia , J. Paricio José , Lozano María D. , de la Higuera Magdalena , Currás María , Arbizu Javier , Galofré Juan C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveA differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis is crucial as the treatment of the main causes of this condition can vary significantly. Recently published diagnostic guidelines on thyrotoxicosis embrace the presence of thyrotropin receptor (TSH‐R) antibodies (TRAb) as the primary and most important diagnostic step. The application of diagnostic algorithms to aid in the treatment of hyperthyroidism supports using thyroid radionuclide scintigraphy (TRSt) in baffling clinical scenarios, when TRAb are absent or when third‐generation TRAb are not available. First‐generation TRAb measurement may have limitations. Consequently, patients with thyrotoxicosis and first‐generation TRAb results may be misdiagnosed and consequently improperly treated. Our purpose was to compare first‐generation TRAb values to TRSt in the differential diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 201 untreated outpatients with overt or subclinical hyperthyroidism on whom first‐generation TRAb and TRSt had been performed at the time of diagnosis. Histological specimens were analysed in patients who had previously undergone thyroid surgery at our centre. SPSS 20.0 was used in statistical analysis.ResultsSeventy‐three out of 201 (36.3%) patients had positive TRAb. A diffuse uptake was present in 83.5% (61/73), whereas 13.7% (10/73) had a heterogeneous uptake and 2.7% (2/73) had an absent uptake. Thirty out of 91 (33%) patients with diffuse uptake were negative for positive TRAb and were diagnosed with Graves’ disease. Analysis of 37 histological specimens indicated that TRSt had greater accuracy (81% vs 75.7%) and specificity (79.2% vs 57.1%) when compared to TRAb in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. However, TRSt sensitivity was inferior to TRAb (84.6% vs 92.3%).ConclusionsOur study endorses that initial differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis should not be based solely on first‐generation TRAb as this approach may leave nearly 20% of the patients misdiagnosed and, consequently, improperly treated. Our results underscore that thyroid scintigraphy should also be performed when only first‐generation TRAb assays are available during the initial differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.
Transcatheter radiofrequency pulmonary valve perforation in newborns with pulmonary atresia/intact ventricular septum: Echocardiographic predictors of biventricular circulation
Authors: Yoldaş Tamer , Örün Utku Arman , Doğan Vehbi , Özgür Senem , Kutsal Ali , Tak Sercan , Dilli Dilek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe report a single‐institute experience of neonatal transvenous radiofrequency pulmonary valve perforation for pulmonary atresia/intact ventricular septum, with echocardiographic predictors of biventricular circulation.MethodsData were reviewed retrospectively for all neonates who underwent primary transvenous pulmonary valve perforation for pulmonary atresia/intact ventricular septum between January 2008 and November 2018 at our institution. We compared patients who need systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt or ductal stenting with patients who did not need.ResultsDuring the study period, 31 patients with pulmonary atresia/intact ventricular septum underwent successful radiofrequency pulmonary valve perforation and balloon dilation of the pulmonary valve. There was no procedure‐related mortality. Sixteen patients (52%) needed systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt or ductal stenting after initial procedure. Among the survivors (follow‐up time of 1 to 11.5 years), 15 patients had a biventricular circulation and 6 patients had 1 and 1⁄2 ventricular circulation. Two patients are awaiting for Fontan operation. Both the TV/MV annulus ratio (>0.85) and tricuspid valve z‐score (>−1) were found to be a good predictor of a biventricular outcome in our cohort.ConclusionsPercutaneous radiofrequency pulmonary valve perforation and balloon valvotomy is an effective and safe primary treatment strategy for neonates with pulmonary atresia/intact ventricular septum. Ductal stenting or systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt may be required in the majority of patients who had smaller right heart components. Preselection of patients according to tricuspid valve z‐score and TV/MV annulus ratio allows predicting biventricular circulation.
Perceptions of behavioural guidance techniques for paediatric patients amongst students in a Malaysian dental school
Authors: Ali Nurhanna Mohd , Husin Intan Nadia , Ahmad Mas Suryalis , Hamzah Siti Hajar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesBehavioural guidance (BG) training is an important component of preparing future dentists to manage paediatric patients, who often exhibit cooperation issues during treatment. This study investigated the acceptance of various BG techniques amongst dental students in a Malaysian institution.MethodologyA paper‐based survey was conducted, classroom‐style, on all dental students (Year 1 to Year 5, n = 336, response rate = 84.5%) using a validated questionnaire, developed from previous literature. For each BG technique, students used a visual analogue scale to mark their acceptability score; this figure was later categorised into different acceptance levels. Students’ mean acceptability scores and acceptance of each BG technique were consecutively analysed via independent t test and chi‐square test (significance level, P < 0.01) using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.ResultsAcross the academic year, most students cited acceptance of reinforcement techniques (eg positive reinforcement, encouraging child “not to be a coward”, promising a toy) and desensitisation methods (eg tell‐show‐do, music/video distraction, stimulating the child's imagination, using euphemism), but not for aversive interventions (eg hand over mouth, using Papoose Board, active immobilisation) and showing needles (P > 0.01). Percentages of those who accepted communicative techniques involving parents demonstrated significant differences across subjects of different academic years, between pre‐clinical and clinical groups of respondents and amongst clinical students. Other techniques with such significant differences, along with low acceptance, included modelling, voice control and disallowing the child to speak.ConclusionThe findings of this study provide useful information for curricular enhancement aimed at equipping dental students with the ability to apply appropriate and effective BG techniques during patient care.
Clinical magnetic resonance image quality of the equine foot is significantly influenced by acquisition system
Authors: Byrne Christian A. , Marshall John F. , Voute Lance C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundInvestigation of image quality in clinical equine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may optimise diagnostic value.ObjectivesTo assess the influence of field strength and anaesthesia on image quality in MR imaging of the equine foot in a clinical context.Study designAnalytical clinical study.MethodsFifteen equine foot studies (five studies per system) were randomly selected from the clinical databases of three MR imaging systems: low‐field standing (LF St), low‐field anaesthetised (LF GA) and high‐field anaesthetised (HF GA). Ten experienced observers graded image quality for entire studies and seven clinically important anatomical structures within the foot (briefly, grade 1: textbook quality, grade 2: high diagnostic quality, grade 3: satisfactory diagnostic quality, grade 4: non‐diagnostic). Statistical analysis assessed the effect of anaesthesia and field strength using a combination of the Pearson chi‐square test or Fisher’s exact test and Mann‐Whitney test.ResultsThere was no difference in the proportion of entire studies of diagnostic quality between LF St (90%, 95% CI 78%‐97%) and LF GA (88%, 76‐95%, P = .7). No differences were evident in the proportion of diagnostic studies or median image quality gradings between LF St and LF GA when assessing individual anatomical structures (both groups all median grades = 3). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of entire studies of diagnostic quality between LF GA and HF GA (100%, 95% CI lower bound 94%, P = .03). There were statistically significant differences in median image quality gradings between LF GA (all median grades = 3) and HF GA (median grades = 1 (5/7 structures) or 2 (2/7 structures) for all individual anatomical structures (all P < .001). The reasons reported for reduced image quality differed between systems.Main limitationsRandomised selection of cases from clinical databases. Individual observer preferences may influence image quality assessment.ConclusionsField strength is a more important influencer of image quality than anaesthesia for magnetic resonance imaging of the equine foot in clinical patients.
A dog food recommendation system based on nutrient suitability
Authors: Song Hee Seok , Kim Young Ae 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe demand for a food recommendation service for dogs has rapidly increased with the increasing number of pet owners, because it is generally difficult for dog owners to find food that is perfectly suitable for their dogs' health condition. The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm for recommending dog food that contains appropriate nutrients based on the physical and health conditions of the dogs. This study proposes a nutrient profiling‐based recommendation algorithm (NRA) for dog food. The proposed algorithm tries to recommend appropriate or inappropriate dog food by using collective intelligence based on user experience and the prior knowledge of experts. Based on the physical and health status of dogs, this study extracts which nutrients are necessary for the dogs and recommends the most suitable dog food containing these nutrients. A performance evaluation was implemented in terms of recall, precision, F1 and AUC. As a result of the performance evaluation, the AUC performance of this NRA is 20% higher than k‐NN and 9.7% higher than the SVD model. In addition, the NRA proved to be an evolving system in which the performance of recommendations improves as users' feedback accumulates.
Climatic oscillations effect on the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) Spanish captures in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Báez José Carlos , Czerwinski Ivone A. , Ramos María Lourdes 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) (YFT) is among the eight marine species with the highest catches globally. The Spanish purse seine freezer fleet operating in the Indian Ocean is one of the most important YFT fishing fleets in the world. The South Oscillation Index (SOI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are interrelated, and have combined effects in the Indian Ocean. Moreover, Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant component of intraseasonal variability in the tropical Indian and Pacific oceans where the sea surface is warm. The main aim of present study is to understand the effect of these four climatic oscillations on Spanish purse seine YFT catches in the Indian Ocean. The ultimate goal is to estimate the specific time lag of the effect of each climatic oscillation on the YFT catches for management purposes. To estimate this, we adjusted different General Additive Models between the response variable (corrected YFT catches per unit of effort per year), compared to a combination of SOI, PDO, IOD, and MJO lagged up to 8 years. Our results suggest that there is a lagged effect modulated mainly by PDO‐SOI, which could be related to a good recruitment, larval survival, or improved spawning. Thus, negative PDO phase (or positive SOI phase) lagged between 3 and 6 years could favor future stock abundance, while positive PDO phase (or negative SOI phase) lagged 3 or 6 years could negatively affect future stock abundance.
Effects of whole‐tree harvesting at thinning and subsequent compensatory nutrient additions on carbon sequestration and soil acidification in a boreal forest
Authors: Lim Hyungwoo , Olsson Bengt A. , Lundmark Tomas , Dahl Jenny , Nordin Annika 
Published: August 2020

AbstractResidues from forest harvesting operations may be utilized as a renewable energy source. However, the sustainability of this practice has been questioned due to the losses of nutrients and exchangeable base cations, which may impair the forest's carbon sequestration capacity and lead to soil acidification. We report the 18 year response of biomass growth, soil carbon stock and soil chemistry to whole‐tree harvest at thinning and associated compensatory measures in a Pinus sylvestris forest in northern Sweden. The whole‐tree harvest at thinning was combined with nutrient additions to compensate for the nutrient loss caused by extracting the residues. Four main treatments, stem‐only thinning, whole‐tree thinning, whole‐tree thinning with one‐time nitrogen fertilization and whole‐tree thinning with repeated nitrogen fertilization every third year were applied, with plots split for wood‐ash treatment. Eighteen years after the treatments, whole‐tree thinning that had removed 3.0 ± 0.2 Mg C/ha in residues had no effect on forest growth, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks or soil chemistry. Both nitrogen fertilization regimes increased biomass growth, but neither one resulted in a significant increase in soil carbon stock. Wood‐ash addition increased soil pH and exchangeable base cations, but did not affect carbon stock in biomass or soil. Our long‐term data suggest that utilizing harvesting residues for biofuel feedstocks is appropriate in this type of forest. Hence, any nitrogen and wood‐ash additions appear unnecessary as compensatory measures for the removal of harvesting residues, but nitrogen can be applied to increase forest growth following thinning.