bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with the duration of action of dexamethasone intravitreal implants in diabetic macular edema patients
Authors: Park Young Gun , Choi Moon Young , Kwon Jin-woo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe designed this study to determine the association between the duration of action of intravitreal dexamethasone implants and aqueous humor biomarkers or optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. We measured the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, -8, -10, -17; placental growth factor; and vascular endothelial growth factor in the aqueous humor, and identified the number of hyperreflective foci (HF), grades of ellipsoid zone disruptions, and baseline central subfield thicknesses (CSTs) using OCT of patients with DME. The average duration of action of dexamethasone implants was 4.32 ± 1.18 months. In multivariate linear regression analyses, the duration of action was associated with aqueous IL-8 levels and the number of HF (β = −0.016, p = 0.037 and β = −0.073, p = 0.035, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the number of HF (>10) was significantly associated with a shorter duration (<4 months) of action (odds ratio: 17.17, p = 0.010). The duration of action of intravitreal dexamethasone implants in DME patients was associated with the level of aqueous IL-8 and the number of HF using OCT. Specifically, higher number of HF in the OCT was associated with a shorter duration of action.
PtomtAPX, a mitochondrial ascorbate peroxidase, plays an important role in maintaining the redox balance of Populus tomentosa Carr
Authors: Yin Bin , Zhang Jiaxue , Liu Yadi , Pan Xiang , Zhao Zhijing , Li Hui , Zhang Chong , Li Conghui , Du Xihua , Li Yinjun , Liu Di , Lu Hai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPlant mitochondria are important energy-producing structure and ROS are generated as byproducts. APX is one enzyme of the AsA-GSH cycle to reduces H2O2 to water. We identified both PtomtAPX and PtosAPX are located in mitochondria of Populus tomentosa Carr. PtomtAPX is specifically targeted to mitochondria, while PtosAPX is dual targeted to both chloroplast and mitochondria. The expression of PtomtAPX in mitochondria was 60-fold that of PtosAPX by ELISA and qPCR analysis. Under high light stress, the expression levels of PtosAPX increased, while that of PtomtAPX only slightly changed. Compared to the WT, the antisense transgenic PtomtAPX cell lines showed slowed growth, smaller cells impaired mitochondria in MS medium under normal growth. RNA-seq results showed 3121 genes significantly altered expression in the antisense cells, and most of them are important for mitochondrial function, particularly in oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings demonstrates a mitochondrial location for one APX isoform, and provide valuable insight into the mechanism which ROS balance is modulated by AsA-GSH cycle in mitochondria.
Substrate-dependent allosteric regulation by switchable catalytic molecular tweezers
Authors: Benda Lorien , Doistau Benjamin , Rossi-Gendron Caroline , Chamoreau Lise-Marie , Hasenknopf Bernold , Vives Guillaume 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAllosteric regulation is exploited by biological systems to regulate the activity and/or selectivity of enzymatic reactions but remains a challenge for artificial catalysts. Here we report switchable terpy(Zn-salphen)2 molecular tweezers and their metal-dependent allosteric regulation of the acetylation of pyridinemethanol isomers. Zinc-salphen moieties can both act as a Lewis acid to activate the anhydride reagents and provide a binding site for pyridinemethanol substrates. The tweezers’ conformation can be reversibly switched between an open and a closed form by a metal ion stimulus. Both states offer distinct catalytic profiles, with closed tweezers showing superior catalytic activity towards ortho substrates, while open tweezers presenting higher rate for the acetylation of meta and para substrates. This notable substrate dependent allosteric response is rationalized by a combination of experimental results and calculations supporting a bimetallic reaction in the closed form for ortho substrate and an inhibition of the cavity for meta and para substrates.
A plethora of new R Coronae Borealis stars discovered from a dedicated spectroscopic follow-up survey
Authors: Tisserand P. , Clayton G. C. , Bessell M. S. , Welch D. L. , Kamath D. , Wood P. R. , Wils P. , Wyrzykowski Ł. , Mróz P. , Udalski A. 
Published: December 2019

Context. It is more and more suspected that R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars – rare hydrogen-deficient and carbon-rich supergiant stars – are the products of mergers of CO/He white-dwarf binary systems in the intermediate mass regime (0.6 <  MTot <  1.2 M⊙). Following the merger, a short-lived cool supergiant phase starts. RCB stars are extremely rare as only 77 have hitherto been known in the Galaxy, while up to 1000 have been predicted from population synthesis models.
Aims. The goal is to significantly increase the number of known RCB stars in order to better understand their evolutionary paths, their spatial distribution, and their formation rate in the context of population synthesis results. A list of 2356 RCB star candidates was selected using infrared colours from the all-sky 2MASS and WISE surveys. The objective is to follow them up spectroscopically to classify the candidates and, thus, to distinguish RCB stars from other dust-producing stars.
Methods. A series of brightness and colour-colour cuts that were used as selection criteria were then tested using the sample of known Galactic and Magellanic RCB stars. RCB spectral energy distribution models were also used to understand the effects of each selection criterion in terms of circumstellar shell temperature. Optical, low-resolution spectra were obtained for nearly 500 of the candidate stars. These spectra were compared to synthetic spectra from a new grid of MARCs hydrogen-deficient atmospheric models. This allowed us to define a spectroscopic classification system for RCB stars depending on their effective temperature and photometric status.
Results. This programme has found 45 new RCB stars, including 30 Cold (4000 <  Teff <  6800 K), 14 Warm (6800 <  Teff <  8500 K), and one Hot (Teff >  15 000 K). Forty of these belong to the Milky Way and five are located in the Magellanic Clouds. We also confirmed that the candidate KDM 5651 is indeed a new RCB star, increasing the total number of Magellanic RCB stars to 30.
Conclusions. We increased the total number of RCB stars known by ∼50%, bringing it up to 147. In addition, we compiled a list of 14 strong RCB candidates, most certainly observed during a dust obscuration phase. From the detection efficiency and success rate so far, we estimate that there should be no more than 500 RCB stars existing in the Milky Way, all HdC stars included.
Search for Galactic Pevatron candidates in a population of unidentifiedγ-ray sources
Authors: Spengler Gerrit 
Published: December 2019

Aims.A list of Pevatron candidates is presented to enable deeper observations and dedicated analyses.Methods.Lower limits on the energy cutoff for unidentifiedγ-ray sources detected in the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) Galactic plane survey were derived. Additional public data from the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System, HESS, and Milagro experiments were used for MGRO J1908+06 to confirm the limit derived from the HESS Galactic plane survey data and to enable further conclusions on the presence of spectral breaks.Results.Five Pevatron candidates are identified in the HESS Galactic plane survey. The cutoff of theγ-ray spectrum for these sources is larger than 20 TeV at 90% confidence level. Theγ-ray sources MGRO J1908+06 and HESS J1641−463, found to be Pevatron candidates in the analysis of the HESS Galactic plane survey catalog, have already been discussed as Pevatron candidates. For MGRO J1908+06, the lower limit on theγ-ray energy cutoff is 30 TeV at 90% confidence level. This is a factor of almost two larger than previous results. Additionally, a break in theγ-ray spectrum at energies between 1 TeV and 10 TeV with an index change ΔΓ >  0.5 can be excluded at 90% confidence level for MGRO J1908+06. The energy cutoff of accelerated particles is larger than 100 TeV at 90% confidence level in a hadronic scenario for all five Pevatron candidates. A hadronic scenario is plausible for at least three of the Pevatron candidates, based on the presence of nearby molecular clouds and supernova remnants.
Dermatomyosites Nouveaux anticorps, nouvelle classification
Authors: Bolko Loïs , Gitiaux Cyril , Allenbach Yves 
Published: December 2019

Les dermatomyosites (DM) sont des maladies auto-immunes rares du groupe des myopathies inflammatoires idiopathiques, définies par une atteinte cutanée caractéristique. Elles peuvent survenir dans l’enfance, ou chez l’adulte. Il existe des variations phénotypiques entre les DM concernant la présentation cutanéomusculaire (ex: amyopathique) mais aussi la présentation extra-cutanéomusculaire (ex: atteinte pulmonaire ou articulaire associée). Le caractère auto-immun de ces pathologies est souligné dans 60 % des cas par la présence d’anticorps spécifique de myosite. Ces derniers sont associés à la présence de caractéristiques cliniques, histologiques, mais aussi pronostiques. Ils sont au nombre de cinq, les anti-Mi2, anti-Tif1-γ, anti-NXP2, anti-MDA5 et anti-SAE. Les anti-Mi2 sont associées à une forme clinique cutanée classique, une atteinte musculaire souvent sévère au diagnostic et une bonne évolution sous traitement. Les deux suivants, fréquents chez l’enfant et l’adulte, sont associés à des formes récidivantes cutanées et sont fortement associés aux cancers chez l’adulte. Les anti-MDA5 sont les anticorps associés aux formes les plus systémiques avec une atteinte pulmonaire interstitielle rapidement progressive pouvant être très grave. Enfin, les anti-SAE n’ont été décrits que chez l’adulte, avec une atteinte classique.
Objet a et manie
Authors: de Portzamparc Renaud 
Published: December 2019

Cet article aborde la clinique de la manie en se penchant sur les « Mémoires d’un névropathe » de Daniel Paul Schreber. Lors d’une des phases de sa maladie, celui-ci décrit une phase maniaque où il se voit dans une euphorie légère, un doux sommeil morphinique, qui contraste avec la tonalité mélancolique de son état précédent. Freud évoque le même phénomène du basculement de la mélancolie dans l’état maniaque. Binswanger, de son côté, s’est intéressé à la manie dans une perspective phénoménologique qui inspirera Henri Ey pour sa théorie psychodynamique : la déstructuration du champ de conscience libère des énergies et des pulsions qui sont à l’état normal sous contrôle. Le rapport à l’objet, en tant que petit autre, abordé par Freud à propos du deuil, sera repris par Lacan pour préciser cette libération : dans la manie, le sujet n’est plus « lesté » par l’objet a, conçu comme l’objet-cause du désir. Tout alors devient marqué du sceau de l’Idéal. La libération du désir n’est plus limitée par le signifiant phallique et se voit remplacée par une quête de jouissance infinie. La voracité insatiable du maniaque laisse ainsi entrevoir la figure archaïque de la mère dans sa version de surmoi féminin cruel et tout-puissant.
Antikoagulation und/oder Plättchenhemmungbei CKD und Dialysepatienten
Authors: Brandenburg Vincent 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMaßnahmen zur Blutverdünnung (orale Antikoagulation (OAK) und/oder Anti-Plättchen-Therapie (APT)) tragen in erheblichem Maße zur Anämie bei unseren Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz (CKD) bei. Erkrankungen mit einer Indikation zur OAK (z. B. VHF: Vorhofflimmern) oder APT (z. B. KHK: koronare Herzerkrankung) steigen in Inzidenz und Prävalenz mit Verschlechterung der CKD an. Gleichzeitig sind CKD und Dialysepatienten besonders blutungsgefährdet. Die nicht-Vitamin-K-abhängigen oralen Antikoagulanzien (NOAK) zeigen generell eine geringere Neigung zu schweren, lebensbedrohlichen Blutungen als die Vitamin-K-Antagonisten (VKA). Allerdings wurden in den NOAK-Zulassungsstudien Patienten mit einer Kreatinin-Clearance (Krea-Cl) von weniger als 30 ml/min meist nicht inkludiert. Noch unübersichtlicher ist die Datenlage zum Einsatz einer OAK gegen VHF bei dialysepflichtigen Patienten. Es ist in diesem Kollektiv unklar, ob Patienten überhaupt von einer OAK profitieren und welches hierfür eine sichere und effektive Substanz ist. Weder die NOAKs noch der VKA Marcumar® (Phenprocoumon) sind für Dialysepatienten in Deutschland überhaupt zugelassen. Etwas anders ist die Situation hinsichtlich einer APT: Generell sollten Patienten auch mit schwerer CKD oder Dialysepflichtigkeit die APT nach allgemeiner kardiologischer Empfehlung erhalten. Auf dem Boden des erhöhten Blutungsrisikos in diesem Kollektiv erscheinen moderne Kombinationen aus NOAK und einer einzelnen APT-Substanz als Ersatz für das alte Triple-Regime besonders interessant.
Effect of Dietary Fiber on Serum Leptin Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Hassanzadeh-Rostami Zahra , Faghih Shiva 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Dietary fibers may induce satiety through affecting gastro-intestinal and peripheral appetite regulating hormones. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of dietary fiber consumption on serum leptin level compared to control diet, in short- and long- term trials, through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods We searched PubMed, web of science, Scopus, ProQuest, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to find randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated effect of any type of dietary fiber on serum leptin level compared to control diet, until April 2019. Both short-term (1–4 days) and long-term (longer than 2 weeks) studies were selected. Mean differences (MD) of changes in serum leptin level and 95% confidence intervals were extracted from eligible studies, and random effects model was used to analyze data.
Results Thirteen studies included the systematic review and 11 entered in the meta-analysis. No significant change was seen in serum leptin level in short-term (MD=0.02, 95% CI; −0.15, 0.20, Tau2=0.0) and long-term studies (MD=−0.10, 95% CI; −0.28, 0.08, Tau2=0.0), followed by fiber consumption. However, this effect was statistically significant in obese participants (MD=−0.36, 95% CI; −0.71, −0.02, Tau2=0.0) in long-term studies. Moreover, we found no significant results in subgroups of baseline serum leptin level, intervention duration, fiber dose, and fiber type.
Conclusions This meta-analysis found that taking dietary fiber for long term could lower serum leptin level, just in obese persons. However, further clinical trials are needed in this field to clarify this issue.
Nusinersen – Erste Erfahrungswerte aus der klinischen Anwendung bei Patienten mit spinaler Muskelatrophie
Authors: Kappes Claudia , Bernhard Matthias K. , Merkenschlager Andreas 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGNusinersen (Spinraza® ) ist das einzige bislang zugelassene Medikament zur Therapie der spinalen Muskelatrophien (SMA). In der EU besteht die Zulassung als Orphan Drug seit Anfang 2016 und gilt für alle Formen der spinalen Muskelatrophien. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Wirkmechanismus und Anwendung des Medikaments sowie erste klinische Erfahrungswerte nach 3 Jahren der Behandlung von Patienten mit SMA an der Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Leipzig.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Early Prediction of Response of Breast Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Youn Joo , Kim Sung Hun , Kang Bong Joo , Kim Yun Ju 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for early prediction of the response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Materials and Methods This prospective study included 41 patients with breast cancer. CEUS was performed before and after the first cycle of NAC. TIC parameters were analyzed for different regions of interest (ROIs). ROI 1 targeted the hotspot area of greatest enhancement, ROI 2 delineated the area of hyperenhancement, ROI 3 included the entire tumor on grayscale ultrasound, and ROI 4 encircled the normal parenchyma. The TIC perfusion values for ROI 1, 2, and 3 were divided by the ROI 4 value.
Results 11 (26.8 %) of the 41 patients showed a good response (Miller-Payne score 4 or 5) and 30 (73.2 %) showed a minor response (Miller-Payne score 1, 2, or 3). There were significant differences in the wash-out area under the curve, the wash-in and wash-out areas under the curve on ROI 1/4 after the first cycle of NAC, pre-NAC mean transit time local (mTTl) on ROI 2/4, and pre-NAC mTTl on ROI 3/4 between good and minor responders (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve > 0.70, p < 0.05).
Conclusion Some TIC parameters obtained by CEUS may allow prediction of the response of breast cancer to NAC at a very early time point.
Total Synthesis of Asperchalasine A
Authors: Deng Jun , Long Xianwen , Ding Yiming , Wu Hai 
Published: December 2019

Here we briefly reviewed recent synthetic progress toward cytochalasan trimer, asperchalasine A by Tang, Trauner and our group. This process features a highly stereoselective intermolecular Diels–Alder reaction and a HWE or RCM macrocyclization to establish the key monomer aspochalasin B. A late-stage biomimetic oxidative dearomatization of triphenol and subsequent [5+2] cycloaddition cascade furnished asperchalasine A. We anticipate that this key reaction could also be used for the synthesis of other merocytochalasans, and provide some insight into the biosynthetic connections of merocytochalasans. 1	Introduction2	Total Synthesis of Aspochalasin B 3	Total Synthesis of Asperchalasine A 4	Conclusions
Mitomycin C in the Endoscopic Treatment of Laryngotracheal Stenosis: Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis
Authors: Queiroga Thereza L. O. , Cataneo Daniele C. , Martins Regina H. G. , Reis Tarcisio A. , Cataneo Antônio J. M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Mitomycin C is a natural antibiotic that has been used to inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts in scar tissue.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical Mitomycin C as an adjuvant in the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenoses.
Data synthesis A systematic review of experimental or observational studies that have evaluated the treatment of laryngotracheal stenoses with the use of topical Mitomycin C was performed. Databases researched: LILACS, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science. Outcomes: resolution (symptom-free time ≥ one year), number of procedures required, and complications resulting from the procedure. A total of 15 studies (involving 387 patients) were selected. Mitomycin C was administered to every patient in 11 studies, and in 4 other studies, the patients were separated into 2 groups, 1 receiving mitomycin C, and the other not. The resolution of the stenosis evaluated in 12 studies in which the patients received mitomycin C was of 69% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 61–76%; I2 = 17.3%). A total of 52% of the patients (95%CI: 39–64%, 11 studies; I2 = 64.7%) were submitted to a single endoscopic procedure, and 48% (95%CI: 36–61%, 11 studies; I2 = 64.7%) were submitted to more than 1 procedure. Complications (mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, dysphonia, laceration or vocal fold paralysis and acute light obstruction) were reported in 9% of the patients (95%CI: 3–18%, 9 studies; I2 = 79.8%).
Conclusions The evidence suggests that mitomycin C is an effective and safe option in the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis.
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in 2-Year-Old Subjects
Authors: Costa Inaê , D'Agostini Ayra Renata , Sousa Jennifer Alves , Souza Ana Paula Ramos de , Biaggio Eliara Pinto Vieira 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) can be used to evaluate both peripheral and cortical components of auditory function, and contribute to the assessment of functional sensitivity and auditory thresholds, especially in neonates and infants. Auditory evoked potentials reflect auditory maturity and precede the acquisition of more complex auditory and cognitive skills, and are therefore crucial for speech and language development.
Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the presence, latency and amplitude of CAEP components in response to verbal stimuli in children aged 2 years old.
Methods The sample consisted of 19 subjects, 10 of whom were male while 9 were female. All of the participants were 24 months old at the time of assessment.
Results A total of 17 of the participants displayed all components of the CAEP. Additionally, no significant differences were observed between genders or ears in the present sample. The presence of all components of the CAEP in subjects aged 2 years old confirms the existence of a critical period for the maturation of auditory pathways in the first 2 years of life.
Conclusion In the present study, in addition to the P1/N1 components, it was possible to observe the presence of the CAEP P2/N2 components in individuals aged 24 months, confirming the existence of a critical period for the maturation of the auditory pathways in the first 2 years of life.
Asclepias curassavica—A Multicentric, Randomised, Double-Blind Homoeopathic Pathogenetic Trial
Authors: Rajpal Rajpal , Singh Vinay Kr. , Siddiqui V.A. , Nayak C. , Majumder A.K. , Sarkar D.B. , Sivadas P.S. , Banoth K. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective To elicit the pathogenetic response of the drug Asclepias curassavica in homoeopathic potencies on healthy human beings.
Methodology Drug Asclepias curassavica was proved by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy through randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled method. The study was conducted at four centres. The drug was proved in two potencies (6C and 30C) on 67 apparently healthy volunteers who were selected after conducting pre-trial medical examination by the medical specialists and routine laboratory investigations. In the first phase, volunteers were given 56 doses (04 doses per day for 14 days) of placebo. In the next two phases, 56 doses (04 doses per day for 14 days) of each potency or placebo were consumed. The symptoms generated during the trial period were noted by the volunteers and elaborated by the Proving Masters. The data obtained from all the four centres was compiled at proving-cum-data processing cell at CCRH headquarters after de-coding.
Observations Out of the 44 provers who were on actual drug trial, 21 manifested symptoms. Drug was able to produce symptoms in both the potencies more or less related to every part of the body.
Conclusion The pathogenetic responses elicited during the proving trial expands the scope of use of the drug Asclepias curassavica and will benefit the research scholars and clinicians. These symptoms will carry more value when verified clinically.