bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of plasma circulating exosomes obtained from obese women on tumorigenesis and tamoxifen resistance in MCF‐7 cells
Authors: Sadegh‐Nejadi Sahar , Afrisham Reza , Emamgholipour Solaleh , Izadi Pantea , Eivazi Neda , Tahbazlahafi Behnoosh , Paknejad Maliheh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObesity is associated with breast cancer aggressiveness and drug resistance. Although the underlying mechanisms are unknown, recent studies indicated that exosomes have a principal contributory role in obesity‐associated metabolic complications. Hence, we investigated whether obesity can mediate breast cancer progression and resistance to tamoxifen by plasma‐derived‐exosomes from obese women or not. Plasma exosomes isolated from five normal‐weight (N‐Exo) and five obese women (O‐Exo) were characterized for size, zeta potential, and CD63 expression. After the treatment of MCF‐7 cells with N‐Exo and O‐Exo, cell proliferation, migration, invasion as well as levels of MMP‐9 and MMP‐2 were evaluated by the 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, wound healing, transwell, and zymography methods, respectively. For evaluating resistance to tamoxifen, the cell viability, apoptosis, and the p53 protein were evaluated using the MTT assay, flow cytometry, and western blot methods, respectively. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly increased in the cells treated with O‐Exo than untreated cells (p = .001, p = .018, p = .034, respectively). Levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 were remarkably increased in the cells treated with O‐Exo in comparison with ones treated with N‐Exo (p = .040, p = .043, respectively). As for resistance to tamoxifen, O‐Exo had significantly the greater anti‐apoptotic effects in comparison with the N‐Exo group (p = .013). Besides, p53 levels were significantly decreased in the cells treated with O‐Exo than ones treated with N‐Exo (p = .045). The cell viability was significantly more in cells treated with O‐Exo in comparison with the cells only treated with tamoxifen (p = .040). Our findings demonstrated that circulating exosomes derived from obese women could lead to tumorigenesis and tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. However, more studies are needed to establish this notion.
Decellularized muscle‐derived hydrogels support in vitro cardiac microtissue fabrication
Authors: Rajabi Sarah , Aghdami Nasser , Varzideh Fahimeh , Parchehbaf‐Kashani Melika , Nobakht Lahrood Fatemeh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCardiovascular research has considerably benefited from in vitro models of cardiac tissue. Two important elements of these constructs, cardiac cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM), play essential roles that mimic the structural and functional aspects of myocardium. Here, we compared decellularized ECM from cardiac muscle (D‐CM), skeletal muscle (D‐SM), aorta (D‐Ao), liver (D‐Liv), small intestine submucosa (D‐SIS), and human umbilical cord (D‐hUC) in terms of their biocompatibility and potential for differentiation of human embryonic stem cell‐derived cardiac progenitor cells (hESC‐derived CPCs) to cardiovascular lineage cells. The decellularization procedure successfully removed resident cells of the tissues but preserved ECM components such as laminin and fibronectin, which was identified by histological studies of decellularized tissue (D‐tissues) and immunostaining. Encapsulation of hESC‐derived CPCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells within hydrogels that were obtained from all decellularized tissues did not induce cytotoxicity after 10 days of culture. Upregulation of cardiac specific genes, cTNT and αMHC, as well as the presence of cTNT+ cardiomyocytes were also observed in CPCs cultured on D‐CM, D‐SM, D‐Liv, and D‐SIS, which showed their support for cardiogenic differentiation. However, D‐CM provided substantially higher expression of cardiac markers compared to the other D‐tissues. The endothelial and smooth muscle specific genes, CD31 and PDGFRα, were upregulated in cells cultured on D‐Ao and D‐hUC, which reflected their support for vascular lineage cell differentiation. In conclusion, it might be imperative to use decellularized tissue of muscle origins in combination with naturally derived vascular tissues to generate in vitro vascularized human cardiac microtissues.
Analysis of impurities in pharmaceuticals by LC‐MS with cold electron ionization
Authors: Tsizin Svetlana , Fialkov Alexander B. , Amirav Aviv 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPharmaceuticals require careful and precise determination of their impurities that might harm the user upon consumption. Although today, the most common technique for impurities identification is liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), it has several downsides due to the nature of the ionization method. Also, the analyses in many cases are targeted thus despite being present, some of the compounds will not be revealed. In this paper, we propose and show a new method for untargeted analysis and identification of impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The instrument used for these analyses is a novel electron ionization (EI) LC‐MS with supersonic molecular beams (SMB). The EI‐LC‐MS‐SMB was implemented for analyses of several drug samples spiked with an impurity. The instrument provides EI mass spectra with enhanced molecular ions, named Cold EI, which increases the identification probabilities when the compound is identified with the aid of an EI library like National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). We analyzed ibuprofen and its impurities, and both the API and the expected impurity were identified with names and structures by the NIST library. Moreover, other unexpected impurities were found and identified proving the ability of the EI‐LC‐MS‐SMB system for truly untargeted analysis. The results show a broad dynamic range of four orders of magnitude at the same run with a signal‐to‐noise ratio of over 10 000 for the API and almost uniform response.
The effects of different types of mulch on soil properties and tea production and quality
Authors: Xianchen Zhang , Huiguang Jiang , Xiaochun Wan , Yeyun Li 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDTea is an important economic crop in China. Mulching, a modern agricultural practice, can modify the soil microenvironment and maintain the crop yield.RESULTSTo investigate the effect of different mulching modes on tea plant growth, filed experiments were conducted in a Shizipu tea plantation located in Langxi Country (Xuanchen City, Anhui Province, China). Five treatments were carried out in a randomized complete block arrangement: (i) clean tillage (control); (ii) black plastic film; (iii) weed barrier fabric; (iv) rice straw mulch; and (v) intercropping with Vulpia myuros. The effects of different mulch modes on soil temperature, water moisture, soil compactness, root activity, soil enzyme activity and nutrition status on tea yield, quality and economic benefits were compared at the harvest stage. In the present study, compared with other mulch treatments, intercropping with V. myuros significantly reduced the topsoil temperature (to an optimum temperature) and soil compactness, and increased the water holding capacity in the deep soil layer, which contributed to increased tea root activity and respiration. Furthermore, intercropping with V. myuros significantly increased soil enzymes activity, soil organic matter, and the available nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the main root zone. Therefore, the stronger tea root activity accelerated nutrition uptake and increased the tea yield and quality‐related components of the tea, thus resulting in a larger average net income.CONCLUSIONIntercropping with V. myuros could serve as a profitable agricultural method for tea production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A One Step Procedure toward Conductive Suspensions of Liposome‐Polyaniline Complexes
Authors: Eslami Minoo , Zeglio Erica , Alosaimi Ghaida , Yan Yihan , Ruprai Herleen , Macmillan Alexander , Seidel Jan , Lauto Antonio , Joukhdar Habib , Rnjak‐Kovacina Jelena , Mawad Damia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteraction of conjugated polymers with liposomes is an attractive approach that benefits from both systems’ characteristics such as electroactivity and enhanced interaction with cells. Conjugated polymer‐liposome complexes have been investigated for bioimaging, drug delivery, and photothermal therapy. Their fabrication has largely been achieved by multistep procedures that require first the synthesis and processing of the conjugated polymer. Here, a new one step fabrication approach is reported based on in situ polymerization of a conjugated monomer precursor around liposomes. Polyaniline (PANI) doped with phytic acid is synthesized via oxidative polymerization in the presence of 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) vesicles to produce a conductive aqueous suspension of Liposome‐PANI complexes. PANI interacts with liposomes without disrupting the bilayer as shown using differential scanning calorimetry and fluorescence quenching studies of the hydrophobic Nile red probe. The electronic conductivity of the Liposome‐PANI complexes, which stems from the doped PANI accessible on the liposome surface, is confirmed using conductive atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Further, short‐term in vitro cell studies show that the complexes colocalize with the cell membrane without reducing cell proliferation. This study presents a novel fabrication route to conductive suspensions of conjugated polymer‐liposome complexes suitable for potential applications at the biointerface.
The Neural Signature of Impaired Dual‐Tasking in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Patients
Authors: Ehgoetz Martens Kaylena A. , Matar Elie , Shine James M. , Phillips Joseph R. , Georgiades Matthew J. , Grunstein Ron R. , Halliday Glenda M. , Lewis Simon J.G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDual‐task gait can be a useful biomarker for cognitive decline and a sensitive predictor of future neurodegeneration in certain clinical populations, such as patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.ObjectivesThe objective of this cross‐sectional study was to determine the neural signature of dual‐tasking deficits in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder using a validated gait paradigm.MethodsFifty‐eight participants (28 controls; 30 idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients) were recruited; 52 participants had functional MRI scans as they performed a validated dual‐task virtual reality gait paradigm using foot pedals. Forty‐one participants completed single‐ and dual‐task “overground walking” on a pressure sensor carpet.ResultsIdiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients showed deficits in dual‐tasking (i.e., greater mean step time) compared to controls during “overground walking.” Functional MRI revealed that idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients had reduced blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent signal change in the dorsal caudate nucleus, and significantly different corticostriatal functional connectivity patterns from controls, when dual‐tasking in high versus low cognitive load. While controls showed greater connectivity between frontoparietal and motor networks, idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients exhibited less change in this connectivity as a function of cognitive load.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate evidence of dual‐task gait deficits in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients, underpinned by disrupted corticostriatal connectivity. Minimal differences in the level of functional connectivity between dual‐tasking conditions of high and low cognitive load suggest that idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients recruit cognitive networks to control gait even when the cognitive demands are low. This may indicate a compensatory strategy for early cognitive decline in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Relationships of diabetes self‐care behaviours to glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes and comorbid heart failure
Authors: Aga Fekadu , Dunbar Sandra B. , Kebede Tedla , Higgins Melinda Kay , Gary Rebecca 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo describe the relationship between diabetes self‐care behaviours and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid heart failure.DesignA cross‐sectional, correlational study.MethodA secondary analysis of 180 participants’ baseline data from a clinical trial that tested a 6‐month integrated self‐care intervention was performed. Correlational and hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between diabetes self‐care behaviours and glycaemic control.ResultThe Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities general diet and Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities exercise were negatively associated with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), while Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities specific diet was positively associated. Diabetic end‐organ failure, taking insulin only and taking both oral antiglycaemic and insulin, predicted higher HbA1c and fasting blood glucose. African American race and dyslipidaemia predicted higher HbA1c while taking higher total daily medication predicted higher fasting blood glucose. Longer years lived with heart failure, lower ventricular ejection fraction and exposure to chemotherapy predicted lower fasting blood glucose.
The pointwise estimates of a conservative difference scheme for Burgers' equation
Authors: Zhang Qifeng , Wang Xuping , Sun Zhi‐zhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, we are concerned with the numerical analysis of a nonlinear implicit difference scheme for Burgers' equation. A priori estimation of the analytical solution is provided in the sense of L∞‐norm when the initial value is bounded in H1‐norm. Conservation, boundedness, and unique solvability are proved at length. Inspired by the method of the priori estimation for the analytical solution, we prove the convergence and stability of the difference scheme in L∞‐norm. Finally, numerical examples are carried out to verify our theoretical results.
The role of psychological attribution in responses to weight stigma
Authors: Gerend Mary A. , Sutin Angelina R. , Terracciano Antonio , Maner Jon K. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryObjectiveWeight discrimination is associated with numerous negative health consequences. Little is known about early‐stage psychological mechanisms that explain variability in responses to weight discrimination among people with obesity. This study tested the hypothesis that attributing negative social evaluation to one's weight would be associated with stigma‐related stress responses (eg, reduced cognitive functioning and self‐esteem, increased negative affect and cortisol), especially among people who had experienced frequent weight discrimination in the past.MethodsAdults (N = 109) with obesity were randomly assigned to receive a mildly positive (control) versus negative social evaluation. The extent to which participants attributed the negative evaluation to their physical appearance was assessed, along with negative affect, social and appearance self‐esteem, cognitive functioning and salivary cortisol.ResultsParticipants who had experienced frequent weight discrimination in the past were more likely to attribute the negative evaluation to their appearance. Participants who attributed the negative evaluation to their appearance in turn experienced elevated negative affect, lower appearance self‐esteem and worse cognitive functioning.ConclusionsThis study is among the first to identify attribution as an early‐stage process underlying responses to weight stigma. Attribution may be a key psychological factor conferring risk for or protection from the negative effects of weight stigma.
Long‐term hematologic and clinical outcomes of splenectomy in children with hereditary spherocytosis and sickle cell disease
Authors: Hall Bria J. , Reiter Audra J. , Englum Brian R. , Rothman Jennifer A. , Rice Henry E. ,   Splenectomy in Congenital Hemolytic Anemia (SICHA) Consortium
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTotal splenectomy (TS) and partial splenectomy (PS) are used for children with congenital hemolytic anemia (CHA), although the long‐term outcomes of these procedures are poorly defined. This report describes long‐term outcomes of children with CHA requiring TS or PS.ProcedureWe collected data from children ages 2‐17 with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) or sickle cell disease (SCD) requiring TS or PS from 1996 to 2016 from 14 sites in the Splenectomy in Congenital Hemolytic Anemia (SICHA) consortium using a prospective, observational patient registry. We summarized hematologic outcomes, clinical outcomes, and adverse events to 5 years after surgery. Hematologic outcomes were compared using mixed effects modeling.ResultsOver the study period, 110 children with HS and 97 children with SCD underwent TS or PS. From preoperatively compared to postoperatively, children with HS increased their mean hemoglobin level by 3.4 g/dL, decreased their mean reticulocyte percentage by 6.7%, and decreased their mean bilirubin by 2.4 mg/dL. Hematologic improvements and improved clinical outcomes were sustained over 5 years of follow‐up. For children with SCD, there was no change in hemoglobin after PS or TS following surgery, although all clinical outcomes were improved. Over 5 years, there was one child with HS and five children with SCD who developed postsplenectomy sepsis.ConclusionsFor children with HS, there are excellent long‐term hematologic and clinical outcomes following either PS or TS. Although hemoglobin levels do not change after TS or PS in SCD, the long‐term clinical outcomes for children with SCD are favorable.
Using negative control outcomes to assess the comparability of treatment groups among women with osteoporosis in the United States
Authors: McGrath Leah J. , Spangler Leslie , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Ehrenstein Vera , Sørensen Henrik T. , Saul Bradley , Levintow Sara N. , Reams Diane , Bradbury Brian D. , Brookhart M. Alan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeIn contrast to randomized clinical trials, comparative safety and effectiveness assessments of osteoporosis medications in clinical practice may be subject to confounding by indication. We used negative control outcomes to detect residual confounding when comparing osteoporosis medications.MethodsUsing MarketScan Commercial and Supplemental claims, we identified women aged ≥55 years who initiated an oral bisphosphonate (BP) (risedronate, alendronate, or ibandronate), denosumab (an injected biologic), or intravenous zoledronic acid (ZA) from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015. Women with Paget's disease or cancer were excluded. We compared individual oral BPs to each other, denosumab to ZA, denosumab to oral BPs, and ZA to oral BPs, with respect to 11 negative control outcomes identified by subject matter experts. We estimated the 12‐month cumulative risk difference (RD) using inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights.ResultsAmong 148 587 women, most initiated alendronate (57%), followed by ibandronate (12%), ZA (11%), risedronate (10%), and denosumab (10%). Compared with denosumab, patients initiating ZA had similar risks of all negative control outcomes. Compared with oral BPs, patients initiating denosumab had a higher risk of a wellness visit (RD = 1.2%, 95% CI: 0.4, 1.9) and a lower risk of receiving herpes zoster vaccine (RD = −0.6%, 95% CI: −1.1, −0.2). Comparing ZA with oral BP initiators resulted in two outcomes with positive associations.ConclusionsCaution is warranted when comparing injectable vs oral osteoporosis medications, given the potential for unmeasured confounding. Evaluating negative control outcomes could be a standard validity check prior to conducting comparative studies.
Hydrogels based on N‐isopropylacrylamide and 2‐hydroxyethylacrylate: synthesis, characterization and investigation of their antibacterial activity
Authors: Nakan Ulantay , A Mun Grigoriy , M Shaikhutdinov Yerengaip , Zh Yeligbayeva Gulzhakhan , Bieerkehazhi Shayahati , Negim El‐Sayed , S Selenova Bagadat , Z Nauryzova Saule 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNew thermosensitive hydrogels based on N‐isopropyl acrylamide and 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate were prepared in the presence of ammonium persulfate as an initiator using a free‐radical technique. The thermal stability as well as the physical and chemical properties of the obtained hydrogel were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The swelling of the hydrogels was investigated by the cathetometer method. In order to use thermosensitive hydrogels as a carrier of antibiotics (lincomycin and gentamicin), several biological tests were performed. All samples of thermosensitive poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) and 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate hydrogels containing medical substances exhibited antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of temperature‐sensitive hydrogels naturally increases with increasing concentration of antibiotics in the carrier. The results obtained indicate a large amount of drug was released from the hydrogels with full retention of antimicrobial properties. These copolymers can be used as an antibacterial material in the field of medicine. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Draft genomes of two outcrossing wild rice, Oryza rufipogon and O. longistaminata, reveal genomic features associated with mating‐system evolution
Authors: Li Wei , Zhang Qun‐Jie , Zhu Ting , Tong Yan , Li Kui , Shi Cong , Zhang Yun , Liu Yun‐Long , Jiang Jian‐Jun , Liu Yuan , Xia En‐Hua , Huang Hui , Zhang Li‐Ping , Zhang Dan , Shi Chao , Jiang Wen‐Kai , Zhao You‐Jie , Mao Shu‐Yan , Jiao Jun‐ying , Xu Ping‐Zhen , Yang Li‐Li , Gao Li‐Zhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOryza rufipogon and O. longistaminata are important wild relatives of cultivated rice, harboring a promising source of novel genes for rice breeding programs. Here, we present de novo assembled draft genomes and annotation of O. rufipogon and O. longistaminata. Our analysis reveals a considerable number of lineage‐specific gene families associated with the self‐incompatibility (SI) and formation of reproductive separation. We show how lineage‐specific expansion or contraction of gene families with functional enrichment of the recognition of pollen, thus enlightening their reproductive diversification. We documented a large number of lineage‐specific gene families enriched in salt stress, antifungal response, and disease resistance. Our comparative analysis further shows a genome‐wide expansion of genes encoding NBS‐LRR proteins in these two outcrossing wild species in contrast to six other selfing rice species. Conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) in the two wild rice genomes rapidly evolve relative to selfing rice species, resulting in the reduction of genomic variation owing to shifts of mating systems. We find that numerous genes related to these rapidly evolving CNSs are enriched in reproductive structure development, flower development, and postembryonic development, which may associate with SI in O. rufipogon and O. longistaminata.