bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulative and Manual Therapies in the Management of Patients with Prior Lumbar Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Daniels Clinton J , Cupler Zachary A. , Gliedt Jordan A , Walters Sheryl , Schielke Alec L , Hinkeldey Nathan A , Golley Derek J , Hawk Cheryl 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose was to identify, summarize, and rate scholarly literature that describes manipulative and manual therapy following lumbar surgery.MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered with PROSPERO. PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ICL, CINAHL, and PEDro were searched through July 2019. Articles were screened independently by at least two reviewers for inclusion. Articles included described the practice, utilization, and/or clinical decision making to post surgical intervention with manipulative and/or manual therapies. Data extraction consisted of principal findings, pain and function/disability, patient satisfaction, opioid/medication consumption, and adverse events. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network critical appraisal checklists were utilized to assess study quality.ResultsLiterature search yielded 1916 articles, 348 duplicates were removed, 109 full-text articles were screened and 50 citations met inclusion criteria. There were 37 case reports/case series, 3 randomized controlled trials, 3 pilot studies, 5 systematic/scoping/narrative reviews, and 2 commentaries. ConclusionThe findings of this review may help inform practitioners who utilize manipulative and/or manual therapies regarding levels of evidence for patients with prior lumbar surgery. Following lumbar surgery, the evidence indicated inpatient neural mobilization does not improve outcomes. There is inconclusive evidence to recommend for or against most manual therapies after most surgical interventions.Trial registrationProspectively registered with PROSPERO (#CRD42020137314). Registered 24 January 2020.
High spatial resolution magnetic mapping using ultra-high sensitivity scanning SQUID microscopy on a speleothem from the Kingdom of Tonga, southern Pacific
Authors: Fukuyo Naoto , Oda Hirokuni , Yokoyama Yusuke , Clark Geoffrey , Yamamoto Yuhji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Speleothems can be an ideal archive of paleomagnetism because they retain continuous geomagnetic records in stable conditions and can be used for reliable radiometric dating using U-series and radiocarbon methods. However, their weak magnetic signals hinder the widespread use of this archive in the field of geoscience. While previous studies successfully reconstructed paleomagnetic signatures, including geomagnetic excursions, their time resolutions presented were still not reached to a sufficient level. Recently emerging scanning SQUID microscopy (SSM) in this field can image very weak magnetic fields while maintaining high spatial resolution that could likely overcome this obstacle. In this study, we employed SSM to conduct paleomagnetic measurements on a stalagmite collected at Anahulu cave in Tongatapu Island, the Kingdom of Tonga. The sliced sample to a thickness of ca. 0.2 mm was scan for NRM using SSM showed the influence of viscous remanent magnetization. The average measured magnetic field after 5 mT AF demagnetization is ca. 0.27 nT with a sensor-to-sample distance of ~200 µm. A stronger magnetic field (average: ca. 0.62 nT) was observed above the grayish surface layer, as compared to that of the white inner layer (average: ca. 0.09 nT) associated with the laminated structures of a speleothem at the submillimeter scale with the SSM. The magnetization of the speleothem sample calculated by an inversion of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) also suggests that magnetic mineral content in the surface layer is higher than the inner layer. This feature was further investigated by low-temperature magnetometry and was suggested that it contains magnetite, maghemite, and goethite. The first-order reversal curve (FORC) measurements and the decomposition of IRM curves show that this speleothem contains a mixture of magnetic minerals with different coercivities and domain states. The contribution from maghemite and goethite to the total magnetization of the grayish surface layer is much higher than the white inner layer. The speleothem retaining magnetically and visually two distinct layers indicates that the depositional environment was shifted when the surface layer was deposited and was likely changed to the oxidative environment.
Evaluation of Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra) active Phytochemicals Against Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Maurya Dharmendra Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus emerged from Wuhan, China in December 2019. It has spread to more than 205 countries and become pandemic now. Currently, there are no FDA approved drugs or vaccines available and hence several studies are going on in search of suitable drug that can target viral proteins or host receptor for the prevention and management of COVID-19. The search for plant-based anti-viral agents against the SARS-CoV-2 is promising because several of plants have been shown to possess anti-viral activities against different viruses. Here, we used molecular docking approach to explore the use of Indian Ayurvedic herbs, Yashtimadhu in prevention and management of COVID-19. In the present study we have evaluated the effectiveness of phytochemicals found in Yashtimadhu against Main Protease (Mpro), Spike (S) protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 as well as human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and furin protease. Apart from this, we have also performed in-silico drug-likeness and predicted pharmacokinetics of the selected phytochemicals found in the Yashtimadhu. Our study shows that several phytochemicals found in this plant have potential to bind with important proteins of SARS-CoV-2 which are essential for viral infection and replication. Overall our study provides scientific basis in terms of binding of active ingredients present in Yashtimadhu with SARS-CoV-2 target proteins. Our docking studies reveal that Yashtimadhu may inhibit the viral severity by interfering with viral entry as well as its multiplication in the infected persons. Thus Yashtimadhu may be helpful in the prevention and management of the COVID-19.
Utilization of Pruned Branches from Lawsonia inermis (Henna) in Soda and Soda Anthraquinone Pulping
Authors: Mohieldin Salaheldin Dafalla , Hussein Tarig Abdoalkarem , Fadlle Almojtaba Mobarak , Osman Dafalla , Elzaki Osman Taha , Shomeina Suhair Kamal , Khider Tarig Osman , Omer Safaa Hassan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Abstract: this study aimed to evaluate the suitability of pruned branches of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) for soda and soda anthraquinone pulping to add economic value for this small tree (shrub). The investigations were carried out to determine fiber dimensions, morphological indices, chemical constituents, cooking trials were done with and without anthraquinone according to Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI). The short fiber of Henna (0.628 mm) compensated with wide fiber and lumen (83 µm) and (71 µm) respectively. The high lignin 28.8% and good cellulose 47% resulted in total yield ranged between 36.9-40.6%.
Immunosuppression is associated with a lower risk of moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19.
Authors: Monreal Enric , Maza Susana Sainz de la , Gullón Pedro , Natera-Villalba Elena , Chico-García Juan Luis , Beltrán-Corbellini Álvaro , Martínez-Sanz Javier , García-Barragán Nuria , Buisán Javier , Toledano Rafael , Alonso-Canovas Araceli , Pérez-Torre Paula , Matute-Lozano María Consuelo , López-Sendón Jose Luis , García-Ribas Guillermo , Corral Íñigo , Fortún Jesús , Montero-Errasquín Beatriz , Manzano Luis , Máiz-Carro Luis , Costa-Frossard Lucienne , Masjuan Jaime 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that has spread rapidly worldwide. The role of immunosuppression among COVID-19 patients has not been elucidated and management may be challenging.OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in severe outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 according to immune system state.DESIGN: Retrospective single-center observational study with confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal from March 18, 2020 to April 04, 2020. The final date of follow-up was April 09, 2020.PARTICIPANTS: Confirmed COVID-19 patients.MAIN MEASURES: The primary endpoint was development of moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Time to moderate-severe ARDS, the need for mechanical or non-invasive ventilation (MV/NIV), death, and a composite of death or MV/NIV were secondary endpoints.KEY RESULTS: Of 138 patients included, 29 (21%) were immunocompromised (IC), with 95 (68.8%) male patients and a median (IQR) age of 68 (54 – 78) years. Among the baseline characteristics, no relevant or significant differences were observed between IC and non-immunocompromised (non-IC) patients. A significantly lower proportion of IC patients (24.1% [95% CI, 11.4 – 44.0%]) compared to non-IC patients (49.5% [95% CI, 40.1 – 59.0%]) developed moderate-severe ARDS, in both unadjusted (OR 0.32 [95% CI, 0.13 – 0.82], p=0.018) and adjusted (aOR 0.16 [95% CI, 0.05 – 0.52], p=0.003) analyses. A positive non-significant trend toward a longer time to moderate or severe ARDS, a lower need for MV/NIV, and a lower risk of death or MV/NIV were detected in IC. A trend toward a shorter- hospitalization in IC was observed.CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of COVID-19 patients, immunosuppression was associated with a lower risk of moderate-severe ARDS. This suggests a potential protective effect from a hypothesized host hyper-inflammatory response and warrants reconsideration of drug discontinuation in IC patients.
Risk Factors for the Development of BK Virus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients in Guilan Province during 2007-2015
Authors: Khosravi Masoud , Dadras Mahlagha , Monfared Ali , Granmaieh Siamak , Rashti Mohammad Shenagari , Soltanipour Soheil 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Polyomavirus nephropathy has been recognized as an important cause of silent loss of kidney transplant function in 3-5% of kidney transplant recipients. We evaluate the risk factors associated with BK virus infection in our kidney transplant recipients.Materials and Methods: We collected clinical information, urinary Decoy cell, and blood PCR tests for polyomavirus infection in our 223 kidney transplant recipients undergoing surgery at Razi hospital at Guilan University of Medical Sciences between 2007 and 2015. In case of high virus count or if plasma creatinine was elevated, a kidney biopsy would be performed. SPSS version 18 were used for analysis of data.Results: Among 223 patients, 116 (52%) were male, 107 females (48%). Mean age of participants were 49.6 years. Of 223 kidney transplant patients enrolled in this study, 41 (18.3%) had viral genome in their urine, and of these 41 patients, 15 persons (6.7%) had viral genome in their blood. Only 3 patients out of 10, have had BK Virus nephropathy in their kidney biopsy. Among risk factors, we found that post-transplant duration, and use of anti-thymocyte globulin, were most significant risk factors for finding Decoy cells in urine of patients (p<0.01).Conclusions: Post-transplant time, specially the first 6 months because of strong immunosuppression, and thereafter, use of anti-thymocyte globulin (for prophylaxis or treatment of rejection) were recognized as most important risk factors for reactivation of polyomavirus infection in our patients. We concluded that kidney transplant recipients should be monitored in episodically after transplant.
A EPISTEMOLOGIA EM FREIRE E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CURRÍCULO DA CIDADE DE SOROCABA
Authors: Bertanha Adriano , Gouvêa da Silva Antonio Fernando 
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo, realizado durante o período de uma pesquisa de mestrado, esta vinculada ao programa de pós-graduação em educação da UFSCar, campus Sorocaba, tem como problema a epistemologia freireana e o currículo de Sorocaba, tendo em vista que os documentos pertencentes ao currículo municipal possuem fundamentações freireanas e que parte da fundamentação epistemológica da pedagogia freireana se formulou nas obras Pedagogia do oprimido (1981) e Extensão ou comunicação? (1983). Questionam-se quais são os principais referenciais epistemológicos dessas fundamentações e quais implicações possuem na sistematização de tais documentos. Tal processo seguiu o caminho de uma revisão geral. Em primeiro lugar, visitam-se as obras supracitadas do autor, recortando trechos importantes para os conceitos freireanos e comparando-os com excertos de Marx, com quem Freire já demonstra alguma proximidade, buscando legitimar, então, as possíveis influências. Em segundo lugar, realiza-se uma pesquisa documental, visitando os documentos que compõem o currículo da cidade de Sorocaba, para buscar se estes, ao seguirem a obra de Freire, também se comprometem com seus fundamentadores e seus objetivos políticos. Até atual estado da pesquisa, notou-se que há divergências entre as propostas práticas de tais documentos com as fundamentações filosóficas que Freire utiliza.
Palavras-chave: Categorias de Freire; Currículo Freireano; Epistemologia.

the epistemology in freire and its relationship with the curriculum of the city of sorocaba
Abstract
This article, carried out during the period of a master's research, is linked to the postgraduate program in education of UFSCar, Sorocaba campus, has as its problem the freirean epistemology and the Sorocaba curriculum, since the documents belonging to the municipal curriculum have Freirean foundations and that part of the epistemological foundation of Freirean pedagogy was formulated in the works Pedagogy of the oppressed (1981) and Extension or communication? (1983). It is questioned what are the main epistemological references of these foundations and what implications they have in the systematization of such documents. This process followed the path of a general overhaul. In the first place, the above-mentioned works of the author are visited, cutting important passages for the Freirean concepts and comparing them with excerpts of Marx, with whom Freire already demonstrates some proximity, seeking to legitimize, then, the possible influences. Secondly, a documentary research is carried out, visiting the documents that make up the curriculum of the city of Sorocaba, in order to find out if, following Freire's work, they also commit themselves to their founders and their political objectives. Up to the current state of the research, it has been noted that there are divergences between the practical proposals of such documents with the philosophical foundations that Freire uses.

Key Words: Freire’s Categories; Freirean Curriculum; Epistemology.
The relationship between Executive Functions and Computational Thinking
Authors: Robertson Judy , Gray Stuart , Martin Toye , Booth Josephine 
Published: May 2020

We argue that understanding the cognitive foundations of computational thinking will assist educators to improve children’s learning in computing. We explain the conceptual relationship between executive functions and aspects of computational thinking. We present exploratory empirical data from 23 eleven year old learners which investigates the correlation between assessments of programming and debugging in the visual language Scratch and scores from the BRIEF 2 assessment of executive functions. The initial data shows moderate to large correlations between assessments of debugging and programming with the BRIEF2 teachers’ rating of executive function as manifested in classroom behaviour. Case studies from the empirical data are used to qualitatively illustrate how executive functions relate to a game making task. We discuss the implications of these findings for educators, and present suggestions for future work.
Asset management – the overlooked gains from efficiency projects
Authors: Ramalho P. , Santos A. , Barbosa B. , Graça S. , Cassidy J. , Ganhão A. , Feliciano J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Efficiency is a key topic nowadays in the water sector as customers' expectations are continuously increasing, legislation becomes more demanding, utilities become more exposed to public opinion and expectations are increasing towards a high-quality service at an affordable cost and both combined with high risk avoidance. The implementation of efficiency projects, such as non-revenue water (NRW) reduction projects are fundamental both from an economic and an environmental perspective. However, decisions on the implementation of these projects are often reduced to short-term economic criteria or to a cost-benefit analysis at best, not considering an adequate timeframe that would potentially allow the accommodation of the adopted NRW reduction measures (capital and operational expenditures). Infrastructure asset management requires a strategic view on water systems based on the long-term balance of performance, cost and risk aiming at the adequate management of utilities' physical, human, technological and intangible assets. Water managers should take these principles into consideration when deciding whether to implement efficiency projects, since the long-term effect of current water systems' inefficiencies can translate into significant capital expenditures in the future. This paper presents an evaluation of tangible and intangible gains that result from NRW reduction projects and why intangible gains should be part of decision-making processes on whether to implement them or not.
Novel Therapeutic Approaches and Targets for the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Giuffrida Roberta , Cannavò Serafinella Patrizia , Coppola Marialorena , Guarneri Claudio 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent and disabling inflammatory
skin condition, clinically characterized by nodules, bullae, abscesses, fistulae, and draining sinus
tracts mainly located in axillae, inguinal folds, inframammary region and buttocks, often leading
to pain, scarring, disfigurement and decreased quality of life. Due to its complex nature, with still no
completely elucidated etiology and pathogenesis, the management of HS can be challenging. In fact,
many patients do not respond to the traditionally available systemic treatments, including antiinflammatories,
antibiotics and surgery. Research has provided new insights into the mechanisms of
HS, mainly investigating the inflammatory cytokine pathways underlying the disease.

Methods:
We review the current knowledge on newer therapeutic approaches and targets for the treatment
of HS, through a PubMed-based literature search.

Results:
In this setting, studies on tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and the IL-23/T-helper (Th)
17 and IL12/Th1 axes in immune dysregulation in HS have helped in developing new regimens.
Inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 and laser treatments have shown clinically meaningful efficacy with
good short-term safety and tolerability.

Conclusion:
Target therapy has revolutionized the treatment of moderate to severe HS, based on the
inhibition of specific molecular or cellular targets, directly involved in the pathogenesis of the condition.
The Effect of Ginger-chamomile Sachet with Honey on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Associated Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
Authors: Shabani Fatemeh , Chabra Aroona , Vakilian Katayon , Bioos Soodabeh , Bozorgi Mahbubeh , Ayati Mohammad Hosein , Nejatbakhsh Fatemeh 
Published: May 2020

Background:Dysmenorrhea is one of the most frequent pelvic pains among young women, impairing their quality of life.Objective:This research aims to investigate the effect of ginger-chamomile herbs with honey in reducing dysmenorrhea pain, associated symptoms, and the extent of bleeding.Methods:In this randomized clinical trial (IRCT No.: 2016100825031N5), 200 female students with primary dysmenorrhea, from Arak universities, were included and randomly divided into two groups. All the students were evaluated for one cycle without intervention, then group (A) received mefenamic acid (250 mg) and group (B) received ginger (1000 mg), chamomile (5000 mg), and one teaspoonful of honey for two days before and for the first three days of menstruation, three times a day, in two consecutive cycles. Pain severity, associated symptoms of dysmenorrhea, and bleeding were assessed using a visual analogue scale, Andersch-Milsom Verbal Scale, and Higham chart. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests through SPSS21.Results:The pain intensity in group B diminished significantly after the intervention in comparison to group A (p <0.05). The mean severity of dysmenorrhea accompanying symptoms decreased significantly in group B compared to group A (P=0.009). However, the mean quantity of bleeding significantly decreased in group A (P = 0.004), with no increase in the extent of bleeding in group B.Conclusion:The present study indicated that the combination of the ginger-chamomile sachet with honey has the same effect as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain mitigation, and the associated symptoms reduced better than mefenamic acid.
Bone Mineral Density And Its Associated Factors In Vietnamese Women Over 40 Years Of Age: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tran Tam Thai Thanh , Pham Phu Dac , Nguyen Thang , Pham Diem Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Sam Phan Hai , Pham Tho Kieu Anh , Nguyen Kien Trung 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Low measured bone mineral density (BMD) in clinical settings is known as an indirect
indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk.

Objective:
To evaluate the mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and the correlation
between BMD and some associated factors in women aged over 40 years.

Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional research was performed. The study group included 168
healthy women aged over 40 years having annual health surveillance at Can Tho University of
Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method from 6/2017 to 5/2018.

Results:
The results recorded that the mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were
0.92±0.2g/cm2 and 0.84±0.15g/cm2
, respectively. BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck had
significant positive correlation with height (r=0.353, p<0.001; r=0.394, p<0.001), weight (r=0.435,
p<0.001; r=0.414, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.33, p<0.001; r=0.284, p<0.001) while having significant
negative correlation with age (r=-0.609, p<0.00; r=-0.561; p<0.001), time elapsed since menopauseTESM (r=-0.495, p<0.001; r=-0.523; p<0.001), and number of giving birth (r=-0.381, p<0.001; r=-
0.268, p<0.001).

Conclusion:
The mean BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck which had a significant
correlation with age, TESM, number of giving birth, height, weight and BMI were rather high.
Targeted future research is suggested to point out a strategy that directly impacts osteoporosis and
fracture risks outcomes in healthy Vietnamese women over 40 years of age.