bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on molecular targets and mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Gao Qiang , Tian Danfeng , Han Zhenyun , Lin Jingfeng , Chang Ze , Zhang Dandan , Ma Dayong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objective: With the exact clinical efficacy, Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD) is a classical prescription for the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). Here, we aimed to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of BHD in treating IS using systems biology approaches.Methods: The bioactive components and potential targets of BHD were screened by TCMSP, BATMAN-TCM, ETCM, and SymMap databases. Besides, compounds that failed to find the targets from the above databases were predicted through STITCH, SWISS, and SEA. Moreover, six databases were searched to mine targets of IS. The intersection targets were obtained, and analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment. Furthermore, BHD-IS PPI network, compound-compound target-IS network and pathway of drug-compound target-IS network were constructed by Cytoscape 3.6.0. Finally, AutoDock was used for molecular docking verification.Results：A total of 253 putative targets were obtained from 60 active compounds in BHD. Among them, 62 targets were related to IS. PPI network showed that the top ten key targets were IL6, TNF, VEGFA, and AKT1, etc. The enrichment analysis demonstrated candidate BHD targets were more frequently involved TNF, PI3K-Akt, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Network topology analysis showed that Radix Astragali was the main herb in BHD, and the key components were quercetin, beta-Sitosterol, kaempferol, and stigmasterol, etc. The results of molecular docking showed the active components in BHD had a good binding ability with the key targets.Conclusions: This study firstly adopted the methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking to reveal the relationships among herbs in BHD, the putative targets and IS-related pathways.
Identification of hub genes in cervical cancer using weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Lv Xiao Feng , Gong Ruyue , Han Xiao , Cui Shihong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Cervical cancer ranks second among malignancies in females around the world. Due to the elevated incidence and mortality of this malignancy, deciphering its pathogenesis and identifying related biomarkers is urgently required.
Methods

First, raw cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) data in GSE63514 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to build a co-expression network. Next, comprehensive bioinformatics was performed to determine hub genes, and assess the associated functional annotation, prognostic signature, tumor immunity, DNA mismatch repair, methylation mechanism, candidate molecular drugs, and gene mutations.
Results

From the key module, ALOX12B, KRT78, RHOD and ZNF750 were selected for validation. K-M plots indicated that these genes had good diagnostic and prognostic values in CESC. Moreover, mutations in these hub genes resulted in the downregulation of most immune genes in CESC. On the other hand, most of the four core genes were negatively correlated with DNA mismatch genes. In addition, we found that RHOD and ZNF750 had decreased methylation in the disease state, while ALOX12B and KRT78 showed no significant differences. Meanwhile, GSVA revealed that most core genes had associations with P53 signaling and the hypoxia signaling pathway.
Conclusion

WGCNA could identify groups of genes significantly associated with cervical cancer prognosis. These findings provide new insights into CESC pathogenesis, and identify ALOX12B, KRT78, RHOD and ZNF750 as candidate biomarkers for CESC diagnosis and prognosis.
Updates on malaria epidemiology and profile in Cabo Verde from 2010 to 2019: The goal of Elimination
Authors: DePINA Adilson José , Stresman Gillian , Barros Helga Sofia Baptista , Moreira António Lima , Dia Abdoulaye Kane , Furtado Ullardina Domingos , Faye Ousmane , Seck Ibrahima , Niang El Hadji Amadou Niang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Cabo Verde is one of the E-2020 Initiative, a group of 21 countries identified by World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016 as having the potential to eliminate malaria by 2020. Located in west Africa, Cabo Verde is an archipelago consisting of nine inhabited islands. Malaria has been endemic since the settlement of the islands during the during the 16th century and is poised to achieve malaria elimination in January 2021. The aim of this research is to characterise the trends in malaria cases from 2010 to 2019 as the country transitions from endemic transmission to elimination and prevention of reintroduction phases.
Methods
All confirmed malaria cases reported to the Ministry of Health between 2010 and 2019 were extracted and secondary analysis was conducted. Variables collected as part of the routine reporting for each confirmed case included age, sex, municipality of residence, and if classified as imported, the reported country of travel within the past 30 days, providing the presumed origin of infection. Trends in reported cases were visualised and logistic regression used to identify risk factors associated with imported malaria.
Results
A total of 819 malaria cases were reported in the country between 2010 and 2019, the majority of which were Plasmodium falciparum. Overall, 554 (67.6%) and 263 (32.1%) of cases were reported as locally acquired and imported, respectively, with the last locally acquired case reported in January 2018. Only two (0.20%) of the cases were classified as introduced, a single case in each of 2018 and 2019. Of the locally acquired cases, 80.5% (446/554) were reported during the outbreak in 2017. The majority of malaria cases were identified in males (766; 73.3%) or those aged 20 years or older (658; 79.7%). The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of cases being imported was 3.73 (95% CI: 2.47–4.99) in the post epidemic period compared with the pre-epidemic period and reported on Sao Vicente island (AOR = 6.96, 95% CI = 4.40–9.53, p < 0.0001) compared to Boa Vista.
Conclusions
Cabo Verde has made substantial gains in reducing malaria burden in the country over the past decade and are poised to achieve elimination in 2020. However, the high mobility between the islands and continental Africa where malaria is still highly endemic, means there is a constant risk of malaria reintroduction. Characterisation of imported cases provides useful insight for program and enables better evidence-based decision-making to ensure malaria elimination can be sustained.
Risk factors and prognostic factors for inflammatory breast cancer with bone metastasis: A population-based study
Authors: Shao Fang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare type of breast cancer with poor prognosis. IBC patients with bone metastasis (BM) often suffer from many complications. This study was to identify risk factors with strong capability of predicting high BM risk for IBC patients and find prognostic factors of IBC patientsMethods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to collect the clinicopathological and survival information of IBC patients. 966 IBC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were to study the risk factors for developing BM by using Multivariable logistic regression. 194 and 176 patients were to analyze independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) of IBC patients with BM by performing Cox proportional hazard model.Results: Of the 966 IBC patients, 194 (20.1%) patients were with BM. IBC patients of unmarried, double breast tumor, N1 stage, N3 stage, and liver metastases had higher risk of BM, while those of uninsured status and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) were less likely to have BM. The survival analysis showed that TNBC subtype and liver metastases were independently significantly associated with poorer OS and CSS of BM patients, while chemotherapy could serve as an independent prognostic factor for better OS and CSS of BM patients.Conclusions: The risk factors for developing BM could provide potential guidelines for screening BM in IBC patients. The independent prognostic factors for survival outcome of IBC patients with BM could help doctors precisely treat those patients.
Design of a robot-assisted system for transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar surgeries: study protocol
Authors: Fan Ning , Yuan Shuo , Du Peng , Zhu Wenyi , Li Liang , Hai Yong , Ding Hui , Wang Guangzhi , Zang Lei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar surgeries (PELS) for lumbar disc herniation and spinal stenosis are growing in popularity. However, there are some problems in the establishment of the working channel and foraminoplasty such as nerve and blood vessel injuries, more radiation exposure, and steeper learning curve. Rapid technological advancements have allowed robotic technology to assist surgeons in improving the accuracy and safety of surgeries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a robot-assisted system for transforaminal PELS, which can provide navigation and foraminoplasty.
Methods
The robot-assisted system consists of three systems: preoperative planning system, navigation system, and foraminoplasty system. In the preoperative planning system, 3D visualization of the surgical segment and surrounding tissues are realized using the multimodal image fusion technique of Computed tomography and Magnetic resonance imaging, and the working channel planning is carried out to reduce the risk for injury to vital blood vessels and nerves. In the navigation system, the robot can obtain visual perception ability from a visual receptor and automatically adjust the robotic platform and robot arm to the appropriate positions according to the patient’s position and preoperative plan. In addition, the robot can automatically register the surgical target through intraoperative fluoroscopy. After that, the robot will provide navigation using the 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) robot arm according to the preoperative planning system and guide the surgeon to complete the establishment of the working channel. In the foraminoplasty system, according to the foraminoplasty planning in the preoperative planning system, the robot performs foraminoplasty automatically using the high speed burr at the end of the robot arm. The system can provide real-time feedback on the working status of the bur through multi-mode sensors such as multidimensional force, position, and acceleration. Finally, a prototype of the system is constructed and performance tests are conducted.
Discussion
Our study will develop a robot-assisted system to perform transforaminal PELS, and this robot-assisted system can also be used for other percutaneous endoscopic spinal surgeries such as interlaminar PELS and percutaneous endoscopic cervical and thoracic surgeries through further research. The development of this robot-assisted system can be of great significance. First, the robot can improve the accuracy and efficiency of endoscopic spinal surgeries. In addition, it can avoid multiple intraoperative fluoroscopies, minimize exposure to both patients and the surgical staff, shorten the operative time, and improve the learning curve of beginners, which is beneficial to the popularization of percutaneous endoscopic spinal surgeries.
Knowledge, attitude and practice immediately before and following a three-day workshop on ‘Strategies for reducing antimicrobial resistance and promoting rational use of antimicrobials’
Authors: Jha Nisha , Shankar Pathiyil Ravi , Bhandary Shital 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Context: Antimicrobials are commonly used worldwide. Reducing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent matter to be addressed. Aims: The study aimed to measure knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of participants before and after a three-day workshop on various strategies towards reducing antimicrobial resistance and promoting rational use of antimicrobials.Settings and Design: The cross-sectional study was conducted during the workshop held from 17th to 19th April 2019 at a medical college in Nepal.Methods and Material:There were 33 participants. KAP scores were measured immediately before and after the workshop. A questionnaire containing twelve sections related to various themes of the workshop was developed. Feedback regarding each session was also obtained from all the participants.Statistical analysis used: Mean scores were compared among participants before and after the workshop. The ratings for individual sessions were also calculated. Results: Maximum participants were 26-30 years of age and 22(66.7%) were males. Maximum participants, 19(57.6%) were having less than five years work experience. Post intervention scores improved for six out of twelve sessions - rational use of antimicrobials, infection prevention and control for limiting AMR, monitoring the use of antimicrobials in Nepal, effectiveness of various programs to prevent AMR, familiarizing with microbes to tackle AMR, and role of government, media and other organizations for preventing AMR.Conclusions: Excessive use of antimicrobials can lead to problems like AMR. The three-day workshop was effective in increasing the KAP scores of the participants and may lead to more rational use of antimicrobials.
Comprehensive genomic analysis contrasting primary colorectal cancer and matched liver metastases: a retrospective study
Authors: Shiomi Akio , Kusuhara Masatoshi , Sugino Takashi , Sugiura Teiichi , Ohshima Keiichi , Nagashima Takeshi , Urakami Kenichi , Saya Hideyuki , Yamaguchi Ken 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
(Background)Recent studies have revealed that colorectal cancer (CRC) displays intratumor genetic heterogeneity, and the cancer microenvironment play an important role in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of CRC.(Methods)We performed genomic analysis on 22 paired patients with primary CRC and synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) using whole-exome sequencing, cancer gene panels, and microarray gene expression profiling. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis was used to confirm the protein expression of genes identified as highly expressed in CRLM by DNA microarray analysis.(Results)A total of 22 paired patients were enrolled in this study, including 13 (59.1%) colon and 9 (40.9%) rectal cancer patients. All patients had synchronous liver metastasis and did not have any other extrahepatic metastases. We identified 11 probes (10 genes) that were highly expressed in CRLM compared to CRC, from 36022 probes obtained from primary CRC, CRLM, and normal liver tissues, using gene expression analysis with DNA microarray. Of the 11 probes (10 genes), 5 genes classified as encoding “matricellular proteins” (osteopontin, periostin, thrombospondin-2, MGP, and GPNMB) were selected for immunohistochemical analysis.Osteopontin was strongly expressed in CRLM (6 of 22 cases: 27.3%) but not in CRC (0 of 22: 0%; p=0.02). Periostin also showed strong immunoreactivity in CRLM (17 of 22: 68.2%) compared to 7 of 22 (31.8%) in CRC (p=0.006). Thrombospondin-2 showed strong immunoreactivity both in CRC and CRLM (54.5% in CRC, 45.5% in CRLM; p=0.55). GPNMB and MGP were rarely positive for both CRC and CRLM. A comparison of immunoreactive positive factors for these 5 genes revealed the complexities of gene expression in CRLM. Of the cases, 16 (72.7%) CRC revealed zero or only one positive immunoreactivity. On the other hand, CRLM revealed more frequent multiple immunoreactivity; 16 cases (72.7%) shared 2 or more factors, which was statistically more frequent in CRLM than in CRC (p=0.007).(Conclusions)This study revealed the genomic heterogeneity between paired primary CRC and CRLM in terms of cancer cell microenvironment. This finding will lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic targets in the era of genome-guided personalized cancer treatment.(Trial registration)This study was retrospectively registered.
Timely Access to Maternal, Neonatal and Child Healthcare for rural communities in Rwanda: Job satisfaction of Community Health Workers delivering Community Based Maternal, Newborn and Child Healthcare
Authors: BIGIRIMANA Jean Bosco , Luginaah Isaac 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

In Rwanda, although there has been progressing in health care delivery as expressed in the reduction in maternal and child mortality, rates are still high and geographically variable. For the improvement of equitable access to health services for maternal, newborn and child healthcare (MNCH), community-based maternal, newborn and child healthcare (CBMNCH) depends on the use of “community health workers” (CHWs). However, the CHW program faces challenges that disrupt the quality delivery of a full package of services. Yet little is known about the satisfaction of CHWs in delivering CBMNCH.
Methods

This quantitative cross-sectional study involved a survey of 500 sampled CHWs delivered CBMNCH in three selected rural districts of the southern province, Rwanda. Ordinal regression was used to examine the determinants of CHWs` job satisfaction.
Results

Multivariate analysis shows that the determinants of job satisfaction were motivation (OR = 8.59, p < 0.001), formal training in CBMNCH (OR = 2.24, p < 0.05), individual supervision (OR = 6.19, p < 0.001), and peer support (OR = 2.66, p < 0.01), knowledge about CBMNCH (OR = 0.51, p < 0.05), access to essential materials (OR = 0.32, p < 0.05), and incentives (OR = 0.53 (p < 0.01).
Conclusion

The findings indicated that the managers of CHW programs and other stakeholders need to improve the working conditions of CHWs to enhance their job satisfaction, to enable the effective provision of CBMNCH.
Ameliorative Effects of Nano-Selenium Against Fluoride Stress Induced Hepatocytes Autophagy and Apoptosis in Mice
Authors: Wang Yajing , Liu Bingxian , Han Qingyue , Mehmood Khalid , Nabi Fazul , Chang Yung-Fu , Tang Zhaoxin , Li Ying , Zhang Hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Fluorine is widespread in the environment, and the injurious impacts of fluoride underscore its significance for public health. The long-term presence of fluorine in environment could be a risk in hepatotoxicity for both human beings and animals. Important role of selenium in mitigation of heavy metal toxicity via regulating autophagy and apoptosis is well-known. Further, nano-Se is a common artificial nano material, with higher biological activity and lower toxicity. The aim of the current study was to examine whether nano-Se supplementation can reduce the effects of fluoride-induced hepatocytes autophagy and apoptosis. Results: Here, we report that fluoride exposure induces apoptosis and autophagy with nucleus broken, dissolved and disappeared of hepatocyte, contributing to its hepatotoxicity. More importantly, Cyt-C and Beclin-1/Bcl-2 pathways are involved in the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis via targeting Caspase-9, Caspase-3, P53, Bax, LC3, ATG-5, P62 and mTOR expressions. Conclusion: Nano-Se is capable to alleviate fluoride-induced hepatocyte damage, that selenium can be prefer to prevent chronic fluorosis-induced autophagy and apoptosis by regulating Cyt-C and Beclin-1/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. In precisely, NaF-induced the liver injury by activating autophagy and apoptosis, which indicate that fluorine exposure, pose an ecological risk to human beings and animals. Nano-Se has protective effects against fluoride-induced hepatocytes.
An improved pollen number counting method using a cell counter and mesh columns
Authors: Kakui Hiroyuki , Tsurisaki Eriko , Sassa Hidenori , Moriguchi Yoshinari 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The determination of pollen number is important in evolutionary, agricultural, and medical studies. Tree species of the Cupressaceae family cause serious pollinosis worldwide. Although Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is the most important forestry species in Japan, it is also the biggest cause of pollinosis in the country. Japanese cedar trees have been selected for growth speed and superior morphological traits and then cloned. These clones may vary in their pollen production, but there has been little research on how many pollen grains are produced by a single male strobilus (flower). A recently reported method for counting pollen number with a cell counter was applicable to Arabidopsis species and wheat, but was not suitable for Japanese cedar because the strobilus does not open with heating.
Results
Here, we report an improved pollen counting method for Japanese cedar using a precise and rapid cell counter in combination with home-made mesh columns. The male strobilus was gently crushed using a pestle. Large and small debris were then removed using 100- and 20-µm mesh columns. We successfully detected pollen sizes and numbers that differed between two clones using this method.
Conclusions
This improved method is not only suitable for counting pollen from Japanese cedar, but could also be applied to other species of the Cupressaceae family with hard scale tissue covering the pollen. Moreover, this method could be applied to a broader range of plant species, such as wheat, because there is no need to wait for anthesis and debris can be removed efficiently.
Sleep Disorders, Perceived Stress and Family Support Among Nursing Staff During the Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Tselebis Athanasios , Lekka Dimitra , Sikaras Christos , Tsomaka Effrosyni , Tassopoulos Athanasios , Ilias Ioannis , Bratis Dionisios , Pachi Argyro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The covid-19 pandemic is likely to cause mental health issues, especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study is to investigate levels of perceived stress, sleep disturbances and sense of family support among nurses in pandemic conditions. Methods: Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Family Support Scale (FSS) were administered in a sample of 150 nurses from different hospital departments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual and demographic data were recorded. Results: 120 women and 30 men completed the study questionnaires. Almost half of participants (49.7%) reported the presence of sleep difficulties and more than half (50.3%) experienced increased stress levels. Scores on AIS scale correlated positively with PSS scores (P<0.01), and nega­tively with FSS scores (P<0.01). A significantly negative correlation was observed between the PSS scores and the FSS scores (p<0.01). Regression model showed ‘scores on PSS scale’ and ‘years of work experience’ were significant predictors of ‘scores on AIS scale’, each explaining 43.6% and 2.3% of the variance. Scores on AIS scale’ and ‘scores on FSS scale’ were significant predictors of PSS explaining 43.7% and 9,2% of the variance . Conclusion: The study confirmed that working with COVID-19 patients has a negative effect on the sleep of nurses, possibly mediated by increased levels of stress. Family support, as a protective factor, appears to moderate the deleterious consequences of stress.