bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltage-controlled NiO/ZnO p–n heterojunction diode: a new approach towards selective VOC sensing
Authors: Dey Sayan , Nag Swati , Santra Sumita , Ray Samit Kumar , Guha Prasanta Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetal oxide resistive gas sensors suffer from poor selectivity that restricts their practical applicability. Conventional sensor arrays are used to improve selectivity which increased the system complexity. Here, we have proposed a novel NiO/ZnO-based p–n junction single-diode device for selective sensing of several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) simultaneously by tuning bias voltage. The operating voltage was varied between 3 and 5 volts to achieve selective sensing of 2-propanol (19.1 times for 95 ppm with response and recovery times of 70 s and 55 s respectively‚ at 3 volts), toluene (20.1 times for 95 ppm with response and recovery times of 100 s and 60 s respectively, at 4 volts), and formaldehyde (11.2 times for 95 ppm with response and recovery times of 88 s and 54 s respectively, at 5 volts). A probable mechanism of the tunable selectivity with operating bias voltage due to increase in surface carriers with increasing voltage was hence put forth. Thus, this device may play an important role to develop future selective multiple VOC sensor thereby replacing standard sensor arrays.
GLIS2 promotes colorectal cancer through repressing enhancer activation
Authors: Yao Jie , Lei Pin-Ji , Li Qing-Lan , Chen Ji , Tang Shan-Bo , Xiao Qiong , Lin Xiang , Wang Xiang , Li Lian-Yun , Wu Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGene transcription is coordinately regulated by multiple transcription factors. However, a systematic approach is still lacking to identify co-regulators for transcription factors. Here, we performed ChIP-Seq analysis and predicted the regulators for p53-mediated transcription process, from which we confirmed the roles of GLIS2, MAZ and MEF2A in regulating p53 target genes. We revealed that GLIS2 selectively regulates the transcription of PUMA but not p21. GLIS2 deficiency caused the elevation of H3K27ac and p53 binding on the PUMA enhancer, and promoted PUMA expression. It increased the rate of apoptosis, but not cell cycle. Moreover, GLIS2 represses H3K27ac level on enhancers, regulates the gene expression related with focal adhesion and promotes cell migration, through inhibiting p300. Big data analysis supports GLIS2 as an oncogene in colon cancer, and perhaps other cancers. Taken together, we have predicted candidates for p53 transcriptional regulators, and provided evidence for GLIS2 as an oncogene through repressing enhancer activation.
PNO1, which is negatively regulated by miR-340-5p, promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression through Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Dongming , Lin Li , Wang Yajie , Chen Lu , He Yuchao , Luo Yi , Qi Lisha , Guo Yan , Chen Liwei , Han Zhiqiang , Li Guangtao , Li Qiang , Liu Zhiyong , Chen Peng , Guo Hua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany studies have shown that the hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis plays essential roles in the initiation and progression of cancers. As a ribosome assembly factor, PNO1 plays an important role in ribosome biogenesis. However, little is known about the expression and function of PNO1 in human tumors. In our present study, we aimed to explore the functional roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of PNO1 in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Both bioinformatics databases and tumor tissues demonstrated that the expression of PNO1 in LUAD tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues and predicted poor survival in LUAD patients. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested that downregulation of PNO1 expression suppressed LUAD cell proliferation and invasion. Further studies found that miR-340-5p depressed PNO1 expression via direct binding to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of PNO1. PNO1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-340-5p expression in LUAD cells and tissue samples. Moreover, upregulation or downregulation of miR-340-5p expression reversed the effects of PNO1 inhibition and overexpression, respectively. Meanwhile, downregulation of PNO1 inhibited Notch signaling pathway which modulated epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). These results indicate that PNO1, negatively regulated by miR-340-5p, played an important role in LUAD progression via Notch signaling pathway. The miR-340-5p/PNO1/Notch axis might be a potential target for individualized and precise treatment of LUAD patients in the future.
Systematic review and meta-analysis: effects of maternal separation on anxiety-like behavior in rodents
Authors: Wang Daniel , Levine Jessica L. S. , Avila-Quintero Victor , Bloch Michael , Kaffman Arie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe mechanisms by which childhood maltreatment increases anxiety is unclear, but a propensity for increased defensive behavior in rodent models of early life stress (ELS) suggests that work in rodents may clarify important mechanistic details about this association. A key challenge in studying the effects of ELS on defensive behavior in rodents is the plethora of inconsistent results. This is particularly prominent with the maternal separation (MS) literature, one of the most commonly used ELS models in rodents. To address this issue we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, examining the effects of MS on exploratory-defensive behavior in mice and rats using the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM). This search yielded a total of 49 studies, 24 assessing the effect of MS on behavior in the EPM, 11 tested behavior in the OFT, and 14 studies provided data on both tasks. MS was associated with increased defensive behavior in rats (EPM: Hedge’s g = −0.48, p = 0.02; OFT: Hedge’s g = −0.33, p = 0.05), effect sizes that are consistent with the anxiogenic effect of early adversity reported in humans. In contrast, MS did not alter exploratory behavior in mice (EPM: Hedge’s g = −0.04, p = 0.75; OFT: Hedge’s g = −0.03, p = 0.8). There was a considerable amount of heterogeneity between studies likely related to the lack of standardization of the MS protocol. Together, these findings suggest important differences in the ability of MS to alter circuits that regulate defensive behaviors in mice and rats.
Blockade of VLA4 sensitizes leukemic and myeloma tumor cells to CD3 redirection in the bone marrow microenvironment
Authors: Nair-Gupta Priyanka , Rudnick Stephen I. , Luistro Leopoldo , Smith Melissa , McDaid Ronan , Li Yingzhe , Pillarisetti Kodandaram , Joseph Jocelin , Heidrich Bradley , Packman Kathryn , Attar Ricardo , Gaudet François 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRedirecting T cells to specifically kill malignant cells has been validated as an effective anti-cancer strategy in the clinic with the approval of blinatumomab for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment potentially poses a significant hurdle to T cell therapies. In hematological malignancies, the bone marrow (BM) niche is protective to leukemic stem cells and has minimized the efficacy of several anti-cancer drugs. In this study, we investigated the impact of the BM microenvironment on T cell redirection. Using bispecific antibodies targeting specific tumor antigens (CD123 and BCMA) and CD3, we observed that co-culture of acute myeloid leukemia or multiple myeloma cells with BM stromal cells protected tumor cells from bispecific antibody-T cell-mediated lysis in vitro and in vivo. Impaired CD3 redirection cytotoxicity was correlated with reduced T cell effector responses and cell–cell contact with stromal cells was implicated in reducing T cell activation and conferring protection of cancer cells. Finally, blocking the VLA4 adhesion pathway in combination with CD3 redirection reduced the stromal-mediated inhibition of cytotoxicity and T cell activation. Our results lend support to inhibiting VLA4 interactions along with administering CD3 redirection therapeutics as a novel combinatorial regimen for robust anti-cancer responses.
The MAO inhibitors phenelzine and clorgyline revert enzalutamide resistance in castration resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Keliang , Luo Jie , Yeh Shuyuan , You Bosen , Meng Jialin , Chang Philip , Niu Yuanjie , Li Gonghui , Lu Changxue , Zhu Yezi , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Luo Jun , Huang Chi-Ping , Xu Wanhai , Chang Chawnshang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe antiandrogen enzalutamide (Enz) has improved survival in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. However, most patients eventually develop Enz resistance that may involve inducing the androgen receptor (AR) splicing variant 7 (ARv7). Here we report that high expression of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is associated with positive ARv7 detection in CRPC patients following Enz treatment. Targeting MAO-A with phenelzine or clorgyline, the FDA-approved drugs for antidepression, resensitize the Enz resistant (EnzR) cells to Enz treatment and further suppress EnzR cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that Enz-increased ARv7 expression can transcriptionally enhance MAO-A expression resulting in Enz resistance via altering the hypoxia HIF-1α signals. Together, our results show that targeting the Enz/ARv7/MAO-A signaling with the antidepressants phenelzine or clorgyline can restore Enz sensitivity to suppress EnzR cell growth, which may indicate that these antidepression drugs can overcome the Enz resistance to further suppress the EnzR CRPC.
Urbanization and agricultural intensification destabilize animal communities differently than diversity loss
Authors: Olivier Théophile , Thébault Elisa , Elias Marianne , Fontaine Benoit , Fontaine Colin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite growing concern over consequences of global changes, we still know little about potential interactive effects of anthropogenic perturbations and diversity loss on the stability of local communities, especially for taxa other than plants. Here we analyse the relationships among landscape composition, biodiversity and community stability looking at time series of three types of communities, i.e., bats, birds and butterflies, monitored over the years by citizen science programs in France. We show that urban and intensive agricultural landscapes as well as diversity loss destabilize these communities but in different ways: while diversity loss translates into greater population synchrony, urban and intensive agricultural landscapes mainly decrease mean population stability. In addition to highlight the stabilizing effects of diversity on ecologically important but overlooked taxa, our results further reveal new pathways linking anthropogenic activities to diversity and stability.
Co-evolution of primitive methane-cycling ecosystems and early Earth’s atmosphere and climate
Authors: Sauterey Boris , Charnay Benjamin , Affholder Antonin , Mazevet Stéphane , Ferrière Régis 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe history of the Earth has been marked by major ecological transitions, driven by metabolic innovation, that radically reshaped the composition of the oceans and atmosphere. The nature and magnitude of the earliest transitions, hundreds of million years before photosynthesis evolved, remain poorly understood. Using a novel ecosystem-planetary model, we find that pre-photosynthetic methane-cycling microbial ecosystems are much less productive than previously thought. In spite of their low productivity, the evolution of methanogenic metabolisms strongly modifies the atmospheric composition, leading to a warmer but less resilient climate. As the abiotic carbon cycle responds, further metabolic evolution (anaerobic methanotrophy) may feed back to the atmosphere and destabilize the climate, triggering a transient global glaciation. Although early metabolic evolution may cause strong climatic instability, a low CO:CH4 atmospheric ratio emerges as a robust signature of simple methane-cycling ecosystems on a globally reduced planet such as the late Hadean/early Archean Earth.
Hot carriers perspective on the nature of traps in perovskites
Authors: Righetto Marcello , Lim Swee Sien , Giovanni David , Lim Jia Wei Melvin , Zhang Qiannan , Ramesh Sankaran , Tay Yong Kang Eugene , Sum Tze Chien 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmongst the many spectacular properties of hybrid lead halide perovskites, their defect tolerance is regarded as the key enabler for a spectrum of high-performance optoelectronic devices that propel perovskites to prominence. However, the plateauing efficiency enhancement of perovskite devices calls into question the extent of this defect tolerance in perovskite systems; an opportunity for perovskite nanocrystals to fill. Through optical spectroscopy and phenomenological modeling based on the Marcus theory of charge transfer, we uncover the detrimental effect of hot carriers trapping in methylammonium lead iodide and bromide nanocrystals. Higher excess energies induce faster carrier trapping rates, ascribed to interactions with shallow traps and ligands, turning these into potent defects. Passivating these traps with the introduction of phosphine oxide ligands can help mitigate hot carrier trapping. Importantly, our findings extend beyond photovoltaics and are relevant for low threshold lasers, light-emitting devices and multi-exciton generation devices.
Chronic expression of p16INK4a in the epidermis induces Wnt-mediated hyperplasia and promotes tumor initiation
Authors: Azazmeh Narmen , Assouline Benjamin , Winter Eitan , Ruppo Shmuel , Nevo Yuval , Maly Alexander , Meir Karen , Witkiewicz Agnieszka K. , Cohen Jonathan , Rizou Sophia V. , Pikarsky Eli , Luxenburg Chen , Gorgoulis Vassilis G. , Ben-Porath Ittai 
Published: June 2020

Abstractp16INK4a (CDKN2A) is a central tumor suppressor, which induces cell-cycle arrest and senescence. Cells expressing p16INK4a accumulate in aging tissues and appear in premalignant lesions, yet their physiologic effects are poorly understood. We found that prolonged expression of transgenic p16INK4a in the mouse epidermis induces hyperplasia and dysplasia, involving high proliferation rates of keratinocytes not expressing the transgene. Continuous p16INK4a expression increases the number of epidermal papillomas formed after carcinogen treatment. Wnt-pathway ligands and targets are activated upon prolonged p16INK4a expression, and Wnt inhibition suppresses p16INK4a-induced hyperplasia. Senolytic treatment reduces p16INK4a-expressing cell numbers, and inhibits Wnt activation and hyperplasia. In human actinic keratosis, a precursor of squamous cell carcinoma, p16INK4a-expressing cells are found adjacent to dividing cells, consistent with paracrine interaction. These findings reveal that chronic p16INK4a expression is sufficient to induce hyperplasia through Wnt-mediated paracrine stimulation, and suggest that this tumor suppressor can promote early premalignant epidermal lesion formation.
Electrode interface optimization advances conversion efficiency and stability of thermoelectric devices
Authors: Chu Jing , Huang Jian , Liu Ruiheng , Liao Jincheng , Xia Xugui , Zhang Qihao , Wang Chao , Gu Ming , Bai Shengqiang , Shi Xun , Chen Lidong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough the CoSb3-based skutterudite thermoelectric devices have been highly expected for wide uses such as waste heat recovery and space power supply, the limited long-term service stability majorly determined by the degradation of electrode interface obstructs its applications. Here, we built up an effective criterion for screening barrier layer based on the combination of negative interfacial reaction energy and high activation energy barrier of Sb migration through the formed interfacial reaction layer. Accordingly, we predicted niobium as a promising barrier layer. The experimental results show the skutterudite/Nb joint has the slowest interfacial reaction layer growth rate and smallest interfacial electrical resistivity. The fabricated 8-pair skutterudite module using Nb as barrier layer achieves a recorded conversion efficiency of 10.2% at hot-side temperature of 872 K and shows excellent stability during long-time aging. This simple criterion provides an effective guidance on screening barrier layer with bonding-blocking-conducting synergetic functions for thermoelectric device integration.
Cathode engineering with perylene-diimide interlayer enabling over 17% efficiency single-junction organic solar cells
Authors: Yao Jia , Qiu Beibei , Zhang Zhi-Guo , Xue Lingwei , Wang Rui , Zhang Chunfeng , Chen Shanshan , Zhou Qiuju , Sun Chenkai , Yang Changduk , Xiao Min , Meng Lei , Li Yongfang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn organic solar cells (OSCs), cathode interfacial materials are generally designed with highly polar groups to increase the capability of lowering the work function of cathode. However, the strong polar group could result in a high surface energy and poor physical contact at the active layer surface, posing a challenge for interlayer engineering to address the trade-off between device stability and efficiency. Herein, we report a hydrogen-bonding interfacial material, aliphatic amine-functionalized perylene-diimide (PDINN), which simultaneously down-shifts the work function of the air stable cathodes (silver and copper), and maintains good interfacial contact with the active layer. The OSCs based on PDINN engineered silver-cathode demonstrate a high power conversion efficiency of 17.23% (certified value 16.77% by NREL) and high stability. Our results indicate that PDINN is an effective cathode interfacial material and interlayer engineering via suitable intermolecular interactions is a feasible approach to improve device performance of OSCs.
Multi-site-mediated entwining of the linear WIR-motif around WIPI β-propellers for autophagy
Authors: Ren Jinqi , Liang Ruobing , Wang Wenjuan , Zhang Dachuan , Yu Li , Feng Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWIPI proteins (WIPI1-4) are mammalian PROPPIN family phosphoinositide effectors essential for autophagosome biogenesis. In addition to phosphoinositides, WIPI proteins can recognize a linear WIPI-interacting-region (WIR)-motif, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we determine the structure of WIPI3 in complex with the WIR-peptide from ATG2A. Unexpectedly, the WIR-peptide entwines around the WIPI3 seven-bladed β-propeller and binds to three sites in blades 1–3. The N-terminal part of the WIR-peptide forms a short strand that augments the periphery of blade 2, the middle segment anchors into an inter-blade hydrophobic pocket between blades 2–3, and the C-terminal aromatic tail wedges into another tailored pocket between blades 1–2. Mutations in three peptide-binding sites disrupt the interactions between WIPI3/4 and ATG2A and impair the ATG2A-mediated autophagic process. Thus, WIPI proteins recognize the WIR-motif by multi-sites in multi-blades and this multi-site-mediated peptide-recognition mechanism could be applicable to other PROPPIN proteins.
Four-dimensional metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Evans Jack D. , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Lee Hui-Chun , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecognising timescale as an adjustable dimension in porous solids provides a new perspective to develop novel four-dimensional framework materials. The deliberate design of three-dimensional porous framework architectures is a developed field; however, the understanding of dynamics in open frameworks leaves a number of key questions unanswered: What factors determine the spatiotemporal evolution of deformable networks? Can we deliberately engineer the response of dynamic materials along a time-axis? How can we engineer energy barriers for the selective recognition of molecules? Answering these questions will require significant methodological development to understand structural dynamics across a range of time and length scales.
Imaging the node-linker coordination in the bulk and local structures of metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Shen Boyuan , Chen Xiao , Shen Kui , Xiong Hao , Wei Fei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPorous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown wide applications in catalysis, gas storage and separation due to their highly tunable porosity, connectivity and local structures. However, the electron-beam sensitivity of MOFs makes it difficult to achieve the atomic imaging of their bulk and local structures under (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) to study their structure-property relations. Here, we report the low-dose imaging of a beam-sensitive MOF, MIL-101, under a Cs-corrected STEM based on the integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) technique. The images resolve the coordination of Cr nodes and organic linkers inside the frameworks with an information transfer of ~1.8Å. The local structures in MIL-101 are also revealed under iDPC-STEM, including the surfaces, interfaces and defects. These results provide an extensible method to image various beam-sensitive materials with ultrahigh resolution, and unravel the whole framework architectures for further defect and surface engineering of MOFs towards tailored functions.
Evolution of the Chinese guarantee network under financial crisis and stimulus program
Authors: Wang Yingli , Zhang Qingpeng , Yang Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur knowledge about the evolution of guarantee network in downturn period is limited due to the lack of comprehensive data of the whole credit system. Here we analyze the dynamic Chinese guarantee network constructed from a comprehensive bank loan dataset that accounts for nearly 80% total loans in China, during 01/2007-03/2012. The results show that, first, during the 2007-2008 global financial crisis, the guarantee network became smaller, less connected and more stable because of many bankruptcies; second, the stimulus program encouraged mutual guarantee behaviors, resulting in highly reciprocal and fragile network structure; third, the following monetary policy adjustment enhanced the resilience of the guarantee network by reducing mutual guarantees. Interestingly, our work reveals that the financial crisis made the network more resilient, and conversely, the government bailout degenerated network resilience. These counterintuitive findings can provide new insight into the resilience of real-world credit system under external shocks or rescues.
Polymorphism of feldspars above 10 GPa
Authors: Pakhomova Anna , Simonova Dariia , Koemets Iuliia , Koemets Egor , Aprilis Georgios , Bykov Maxim , Gorelova Liudmila , Fedotenko Timofey , Prakapenka Vitali , Dubrovinsky Leonid 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFeldspars are rock-forming minerals that make up most of the Earth’s crust. Along the mantle geotherm, feldspars are stable at pressures up to 3 GPa and may persist metastably at higher pressures under cold conditions. Previous structural studies of feldspars are limited to ~10 GPa, and have shown that the dominant mechanism of pressure-induced deformation is the tilting of AlO4and SiO4tetrahedra in a tetrahedral framework. Herein, based on results of in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies up to 27 GPa, we report the discovery of new high-pressure polymorphs of the feldspars anorthite (CaSi2Al2O8), albite (NaAlSi3O8),and microcline (KAlSi3O8). The phase transitions are induced by severe tetrahedral distortions, resulting in an increase in the Al and/or Si coordination number. High-pressure phases derived from feldspars could persist at depths corresponding to the Earth upper mantle and could possibly influence the dynamics and fate of cold subducting slabs.