bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Suicide Second Victim Experience and Support Tool: Psychometric properties of a scale for nurses who experienced inpatient suicide at Chinese general hospitals
Authors: Tan Rong , Luo Kaiyan , Hu Deying , Zhao Yue , Han Yanhong , Xu Ke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study describes a psychometric scale, the Inpatient Suicide Second Victim Experience and Support Tool, for evaluating physical and psychological distress with a focus on resources for supporting the needs of nursing professionals. Our study defines “second victim” as a nurse who experiences inpatient suicide while on shift. We conducted a cross‐sectional study among non‐psychiatric nurses to examine the psychometrics of the scale. A total of 731 participants were recruited from eight Chinese general hospitals for this research. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. The results indicated adequate indices resulting in 21 items. The final structure for the scale was categorized into five domains: psychosomatic distress, support from family and friends, work‐related support, organizational support, and professional self‐efficacy. The total variance explained was 69.06%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.869 overall, and ranged from 0.626 to 0.914 for the five dimensions. The test–retest reliability of 0.792 for the entire scale was also acceptable. The scale shows promise for use by healthcare organizations to identify second victims and promote necessary organizational support interventions in Chinese hospitals.
Effect of Melatonin on Postoperative Pain and Perioperative Opioid Use: A Meta‐analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhaoqi , Li Yan , Lin Duomao , Ma Jun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe performed this meta‐analysis in order to assess the effect of melatonin on postoperative pain and perioperative opioid consumption.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library until October 2019 for studies concerning the effect of melatonin vs. placebo on postoperative pain. We also searched for grey literature in ClnicalTrials.gov and grey literature databases, including OpenGrey and Grey Literature Report. We performed a meta‐analysis of postoperative pain scores, perioperative opioid use, the number of patients with analgesic requirements, the time to the first analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, and common reported adverse events of melatonin.ResultsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies with a total of 1,102 patients were included in the final analysis. Melatonin was significantly associated with decreased VAS score (24 hours postoperatively) compared to placebo (trial sequential analysis = conclusive; mean difference [MD] −0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.38, −0.34; P = 0.001). Patients randomly assigned to melatonin were administered less postoperative opioids than patients in the control groups (trial sequential analysis = inconclusive; MD −3.33 mg; 95% CI −5.28, −1.38; P = 0.0008). The need for analgesic requirements was significantly decreased in the melatonin group. Patients who received melatonin had a significantly longer time to the first analgesic requirement. Compared to the placebo group, there were no significant differences in terms of length of hospital stay, dizziness, headache, paresthesia, and nausea.ConclusionsGiven the low quality of evidence, minor degree of VAS score reduction, and inconclusive trial sequential analysis of postoperative opioid consumption, this meta‐analysis neither supports nor opposes the effect of melatonin on postoperative pain.
Using the word “Healthy” in an emergency food pantry: An unexpected response
Authors: Oliver Tracy L. , Dowdell Elizabeth Burgess 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe word “healthy” holds significant value when discussing health and nutrition; however, the word was identified as having a negative and confusing connotation at an Emergency Food Pantry (EFP). The sample of 11 women, ages 40–70 years, who are patrons at an EFP in Southeastern Pennsylvania shared that “healthy” is a misunderstood term, frequently perceived as expensive and tasteless. Identification of the word “healthy” as a barrier was unexpected for the interprofessional team of health educators. Understanding the perspectives of individuals who utilize EFPs can benefit anyone working in public health and community settings since “healthy” and “healthy eating” are common words. When planning nutrition and health education classes, barriers must be recognized in order to promote health by using words that resonate with EFP patrons and their community. It is crucial for nurses and providers to communicate with patients using the most effective and impactful terminology.
Hepatitis C virus infections among people aged 15–44, United States, 2009–2018
Authors: Watts Theresa , Lauver Diane , Sethi Ajay K. , Snedden Traci , Zahner Susan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence, characteristics, and gender differences among people aged 15–44 years who are living with current HCV infections in the United States.Design and sampleWe conducted a cross‐sectional, secondary data analysis using data from people who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles in 2009–2018.MeasurementsSociodemographic, social behavior, and clinical factors that had been identified as related to having HCV, barriers to receiving HCV screening, care, or treatment, and health conditions that increase the risks of developing HCV‐related complications were studied. A weighted‐data analysis approach was used to generate descriptive statistics.ResultsThe estimated, weighted prevalence of current HCV infections was 0.3% (95% CI, 0.2–0.4), representing approximately 363,161 people (95% CI, 301,402–424, 920). Females were more likely than males to have an unknown risk factor and reported worse overall health. Males were more likely to have comorbidities such as obesity or diabetes that put them at risk for developing life‐threatening complications.ConclusionsIncreased public health attention with gender‐specific actions are needed to address the health needs of the thousands of people aged 15–44 years who are living with current HCV infections across the United States.
New insights into the genetic diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates from winter oilseed rape in Serbia
Authors: Jelušić Aleksandra , Berić Tanja , Mitrović Petar , Dimkić Ivica , Stanković Slaviša , Marjanović‐Jeromela Ana , Popović Tatjana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWinter oilseed rape has recently been described as a new host for the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) in Serbia. In order to provide information about the genetic structure of this bacterium's population and its pathogenic features on this crop, a collection of 65 winter oilseed rape Xcc isolates obtained over a 5‐year period (2014–2018) from different Serbian localities was examined. The presence of intrapathovar diversity within the tested isolates was confirmed by repetitive element PCR (rep‐PCR), revealing 14, 10, and 4 different profiles for BOX, ERIC, and REP primers, respectively. A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach separated the isolates into seven groups on a phylogenetic tree. The PubMLST non‐redundant database was used to compare sequences of four housekeeping genes from isolates with 75 strains of Xanthomonas spp. to determine nucleotide changes caused by host–pathogen coevolution. Five allelic profile combinations (ST3, ST5, ST9, ST26, and ST47) were determined, with ST47 being the most frequent. Pathogenicity and host range tests showed higher virulence of the tested isolates on winter oilseed rape than on other Brassica oleracea hosts (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, and kohlrabi). The most aggressive isolates were NCPPB4679, NCPPB4680, and Xc361, belonging to genotype ST26. Fifty oilseed rape lines, cultivars, and hybrids showed susceptibility to the three Xcc isolates tested (of high, low, and moderate virulence), indicating that there was no resistance to the bacterium. The results provide significant information about diversification of Xcc isolates and their evolution toward specialization for winter oilseed rape.
Self‐deception and pragmatic encroachment: A dilemma for epistemic rationality
Authors: Gao Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSelf‐deception is typically considered epistemically irrational, for it involves holding certain doxastic attitudes against strong counter‐evidence. Pragmatic encroachment about epistemic rationality says that whether it is epistemically rational to believe, withhold belief or disbelieve something can depend on perceived practical factors of one's situation. In this paper I argue that some cases of self‐deception satisfy what pragmatic encroachment considers sufficient conditions for epistemic rationality. As a result, we face the following dilemma: either we revise the received view about self‐deception or we deny pragmatic encroachment on epistemic rationality. I suggest that the dilemma can be solved if we pay close attention to the distinction between ideal and bounded rationality. I argue that the problematic cases fail to meet standards of ideal rationality but exemplify bounded rationality. The solution preserves pragmatic encroachment on bounded rationality, but denies it on ideal rationality.
Barriers to optimal peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Finkelstein Fredric O. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPeritoneal dialysis in the United States is underutilized when compared to the experience in other developed countries. The reasons for this are multifactorial and include government regulatory issues, the priority of dialysis facilities, and education and training of nephrology trainees and patients. The challenges to expanding PD in the United States are discussed and strategies to overcome the barriers are outlined.
Multivariate substrate characterization: The case of shellfish harvesting areas in the Rías Altas (north‐west Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Cerdeira‐Arias JosÉ Daniel , Otero Jaime , Álvarez‐Salgado XosÉ AntÓn , Mena RodrÍguez Anxo , Nombela Miguel Ángel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe productivity of intertidal shellfish banks is affected by a wide variety of environmental parameters. In this study, a battery of multivariate analyses including generalized linear mixed models, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to define the spatial organization of sandbanks and to identify the variables driving the grouping. Grain‐size distribution and calcium carbonate, organic matter, Si and Al oxides, and trace metals content were the variables used to characterize the intertidal sediments. Field data were collected through the upper 50 cm in 57 sites located in shellfish sandbanks from five coastal inlets of the western Cantabrian coast (Rías Altas, north‐west Iberian Peninsula). Generalized linear mixed models showed that hardly any variable differed with core depth, and the hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed that the banks organized around four clusters. This grouping was dictated by the influence of the imprint of the Cabo Ortegal complex material (with high levels of MgO, Mn, Cr, Ni, V and Fe2O3) or by the imprint of the Ollo de Sapo and Manto de Mondoñedo (high levels of SiO2, Rb, K2O and Ba). The multivariate analysis also separated the sandbanks with higher terrestrial influence in the inner part of the inlets (high levels of Al2O3, Zn, Ba and TiO2) from those with higher marine influence, which were located in the outer part (high levels of Sr, CaO and CaCO3). Furthermore, it was observed that both axes of main ordination were related to the annual average concentration of chlorophyll‐a and inorganic nitrogen in the water column above those sediments, highlighting the interdependence between chemical composition of the overlying water and sediments’ characteristics. This approach, combining parametric models and multivariate analyses of textural and geochemical sediment composition data, proved to be useful for characterizing intertidal substrates where shellfish species live.
Clinical and laboratory predictors of 30‐day mortality in severe acute malnourished children with severe pneumonia
Authors: Shahrin Lubaba , Chisti Mohammod J. , Brintz Benjamin , Islam Zahidul , Shahid Abu S.M.S.B. , Hassan Md. Zakiul , Leung Daniel T. , Chowdhury Fahmida 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the predictors of mortality within 30 days of hospital admission in a diarrhoeal disease hospital in Bangladesh.MethodsCohort study of hospitalised children aged 0–59 months with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and severe pneumonia in Dhaka Hospital, icddr,b, Bangladesh from April 2015 to March 2017. Those discharged were followed up, and survival status at 30 days from admission was determined. Children who died were compared with the survivors in terms of clinical and laboratory biomarkers. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used for calculating adjusted odds ratio for death within 30 days of hospital admission.ResultsWe enrolled 191 children. Mortality within 30 days of admission was 6% (14/191). After adjusting for potential confounders (hypoxia, CRP and haematocrit) in logistic regression analysis, independent factors associated with death were female sex (aOR = 5.80, 95% CI: 1.34–25.19), LAZ <−4 (aOR = 6.51, 95% CI: 1.49–28.44) and Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes (PMNL) (>6.0 × 109/L) (aOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.11). Using sex, Z‐score for length for age (LAZ), and PMNL percentage, we used random forest and linear regression models to achieve a cross‐validated AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.84) for prediction of 30‐day mortality.ConclusionsThe results of our data suggest that female sex, severe malnutrition (<−4 LAZ) and higher PMNL percentage were prone to be associated with 30‐day mortality in children with severe pneumonia. Association of these factors may be used in clinical decision support for prompt identification and appropriate management for prevention of mortality in this population.
The cytologic features of biliary diseases: A retrospective study
Authors: Masserdotti Carlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundHistologic examination, together with clinical data and instrument support, contributes to the recognition of biliary diseases. Although quantitative and qualitative changes in hepatic and biliary cells can occur, descriptions of cytologic samples from the liver affected by cholangiopathies are rare.ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the quantitative and qualitative changes in cholangiocytes, hepatocytes, and inflammatory cells in cytologic samples from dogs and cats affected by histologically confirmed cholangiopathies.MethodsCytologic samples from the liver with histologically confirmed cholangiopathies were reviewed and compared to describe the changes seen on cytology. The samples were obtained from the Archive of Clinica Veterinaria Sant'Antonio and the Laboratorio Veterinario Bresciano. Statistical analysis was not performed.ResultsA total of 196 cytologic samples retrieved from the database fit the selection criteria, 88 from dogs, and 108 from cats. A total of eight categories of cholangiopathies have been identified and described, while histology is often required to achieve a definitive diagnosis, six categories of cholangiopathy in dogs and seven in cats provide cytologic information.ConclusionsCytologic examination, together with clinical and ultrasonographic data, can be useful for identifying hepatic abnormalities in acute and chronic cholestasis, chronic cholangitis, feline lymphoplasmacytic cholangitis, and cholangiocellular neoplasms.
Serum concentrations of IL‐31 in dogs with nonpruritic mast cell tumours or lymphoma
Authors: Ignatenko Nataliia , Gonzales Andrea J. , Messamore James E. , Hirschberger Johannes , Udraite‐Vovk Laura , Boehm Teresa M.S.A. , Troedson Karin , Fejos Csilla , Mueller Ralf S. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)‐31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine if IL‐31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL‐31 could be a biological marker for disease progression.AnimalsForty‐eight healthy dogs and 36 dogs with neoplasia [multicentric lymphoma (14), MCT (15) and cutaneous lymphoma (7)] were included in the study.Methods and materialsDogs with neoplasia were assigned to three different groups. Group 1 consisted of patients with multicentric lymphoma, which were diagnosed by cytological, histopathological and clonality investigations. Thoracic radiographs, ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, and fine‐needle aspirates from liver and spleen were used to determine the lymphoma stage Patients with cutaneous lymphoma, diagnosed by cytological and histopathological findings, were included in Group 2. Patients with MCT, diagnosed by cytological and histopathological findings, were included in Group 3. Serum was frozen at –80ºC before measuring the concentration of IL‐31 via a Simoa ultra‐sensitive, fully automated two‐step immunoassay.ResultsSerum concentrations of IL‐31, regardless of the disease and its staging, were within the normal range in all patients; there was no difference between any of the different tumour groups and healthy dogs.Conclusions and clinical importanceIL‐31 is not likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of canine MCT or lymphoma without pruritus.
Development of an updated assay for prekallikrein activator in albumin and immunoglobulin therapeutics
Authors: Roberts Graham , Fox Bernard , Longstaff Colin 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundPrekallikrein activator (PKA) is a contaminating enzyme found in therapeutic albumin and immunoglobulin products. The level is commonly measured using methods such as that defined by the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph Eur) with traceability to the WHO International Standard for PKA. This method generally works well, but problems are sometimes observed.Materials and methodsA simplified one‐step method has been developed to replace the existing Ph Eur two‐step method which consists of kallikrein generation followed by kallikrein measurement using a chromogenic substrate. Analysis of data from the one‐stage method is simplified by the use of a dedicated online app.ResultsThe one‐stage method was validated against the current Ph Eur method using batches of albumin and immunoglobulins. Problem batches of immunoglobulins were investigated using the one‐stage method. Improved methodology using true initial rate determinations and use of acid‐treated prekallikrein substrate (PKS) helped understand and reduce artefactual results.ConclusionsThe one‐stage method and associated app streamline real‐time determination of PKA and promote good principles of enzyme assays to limit substrate depletion, while also conserving expensive PKS. Blanking steps and reproducibility are simplified.
Weed or not a weed? Density, perceptions and management of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) in West Africa: Voices from Ghana
Authors: Aigbedion‐Atalor Pascal O. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe status (weed or beneficial shrub) of Chromolaena odorata in West Africa has been a major subject of debate since its introduction in the 1930s. Its negative impacts on agriculture and biodiversity are clear. However, indigenous people have harnessed several benefits of the plant, making management strategies less straightforward. Using indigenous voices in Ghana, the current perceptions of C. odorata in West Africa were assessed. Here, 90 respondents in three regions of Ghana were interviewed, using questionnaires, on aspects relating to the abundance, perceptions and management of C. odorata in their communities. Overall, results showed that the density of C. odorata had declined. The majority of the respondents considered C. odorata as a fallow shrub, a medicinal plant or both. However, impacts on crop production and injuries incurred during physical control were also highlighted. The local uses of the plant in Ghana included treating fevers and injuries, and as a fallow shrub for soil nutrient replenishment. Although most of the respondents classified C. odorata as a useful shrub in Ghana, they also highlighted the use of local farming tools such as cutlasses for the slash of the plant. The use of herbicides for the control of C. odorata was rare and not applied specifically for C. odorata. In conclusion, local awareness programmes on the deleterious impacts of C. odorata on ecosystem functioning and livelihoods are required for its effective management in West Africa.
ONTOLOGY VALIDATION ALGORITHM ON DATA DRIVEN APPROACH AND VOCABULARY ASPECT
Authors: Mohamad Radziah , Mohd-Hamka Nurhamizah 
Published: September 2020

Ontology evaluation is required before using the ontology within applications. Similar with software practice, the purpose of ontology evaluation is to identify the achievement of requirement criteria. Users who require coverage criteria often seeking ontology that contain the terms related to their focused domain knowledge. Users encounter the difficulty to select a suitable ontology from variety of ontology evaluation approaches. Conceptualization of information related to ontology evaluation helps to identify the important component within ontology that helps towards coverage criteria achievement. This work proposes an algorithm to extract ontology documents gained from public ontology repositories like Falcons into its vocabulary parts focused on classes and literals. The algorithm then processes the extracted ontology components with similarity algorithm and later displays the result on the coverage match of ontology with provided terms and the terms that are synonym expanded using WordNet.