bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of idiopathic acute pancreatitis after cholecystectomy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Umans D S , Hallensleben N D , Verdonk R C , Bouwense S A W , Fockens P , Santvoort H C , Voermans R P , Besselink M G , Bruno M J , van Hooft J E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Occult biliary disease has been suggested as a frequent underlying cause of idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP). Cholecystectomy has been proposed as a strategy to prevent recurrent IAP. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of cholecystectomy in reducing the risk of recurrent IAP.

Methods
PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically for studies including patients with IAP treated by cholecystectomy, with data on recurrence of pancreatitis. Studies published before 1980 or including chronic pancreatitis and case reports were excluded. The primary outcome was recurrence rate. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were undertaken to calculate risk ratios using a random-effects model with the inverse-variance method.

Results
Overall, ten studies were included, of which nine were used in pooled analyses. The study population consisted of 524 patients with 126 cholecystectomies. Of these 524 patients, 154 (29·4 (95 per cent c.i. 25·5 to 33·3) per cent) had recurrent disease. The recurrence rate was significantly lower after cholecystectomy than after conservative management (14 of 126 (11·1 per cent) versus 140 of 398 (35·2 per cent); risk ratio 0·44, 95 per cent c.i. 0·27 to 0·71). Even in patients in whom IAP was diagnosed after more extensive diagnostic testing, including endoscopic ultrasonography or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, the recurrence rate appeared to be lower after cholecystectomy (4 of 36 (11 per cent) versus 42 of 108 (38·9 per cent); risk ratio 0·41, 0·16 to 1·07).

Conclusion
Cholecystectomy after an episode of IAP reduces the risk of recurrent pancreatitis. This implies that current diagnostics are insufficient to exclude a biliary cause.
Intermittent hypoxia improves cognition and reduces anxiety‐related behavior in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Meng Sheng‐Xi , Wang Bing , Li Wen‐Tao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionAlthough hypoxia can exacerbate symptoms of various neurological disorders, accumulating evidence has indicated that intermittent hypoxia (IH) may exert protective effects against brain diseases. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether exposure to IH exerts beneficial effects in a transgenic murine model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because comorbid anxiety is prevalent among patients with AD, we explored the effects of IH on anxiety‐like behaviors and associated factors in APP/PS1 mice.MethodsAPP/PS1 mice were subjected to IH for two weeks. We assessed cognitive performance and anxiety‐related behavior using standard behavioral assessments. Amyloid beta (Aβ) levels in the hippocampus were assessed using immunofluorescence and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). We also assessed cell morphology and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus.ResultsExposure to IH significantly increased cognitive performance and decreased anxiety‐related behaviors in APP/PS1 mice. Immunofluorescence and ELISA results revealed that IH pretreatment significantly lowered Aβ levels in the cortex and hippocampus. Morphological studies validated the neuroprotective effect of IH exposure on hippocampal neurogenesis. Molecular studies revealed IH‐enhanced BDNF expression and inhibition of apoptosis‐related protein expression in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that IH improves cognition and reduces anxiety in a murine model of AD. Thus, further studies are required to determine whether IH can be used as a preventive/adjuvant therapy in patients with AD.
Using circulating tumor DNA as a novel biomarker to screen and diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Ziying , Chen Peng , Xie Hui , Cao Peiguo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeA meta‐analysis was formulated to appraise the diagnostic accuracy of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and MethodsWe enrolled all relevant studies published until September 2019. Four primary subgroups were investigated: the subgroup of quantitative or qualitative analysis of ctDNA, the subgroup of Ras association domain family 1 isoform A （RASSF1A） methylation in ctDNA and the subgroup of the combined alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and ctDNA assay. We analyzed the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) as well as the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 33 qualified articles with 4113 subjects were incorporated into our meta‐analysis. The combined SEN, SPE, and DOR in quantitative studies were 0.722 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.686‐0.756), 0.823 (95% CI: 0.789‐0.854), 18.532 (95% CI: 8.245‐41.657), respectively, yielding an AUC of 0.880. For qualitative studies, the corresponding value was 0.568 (95% CI: 0.548‐0.587), 0.882 (95% CI: 0.867‐0.897), 10.457 (95% CI: 7.270‐15.040) and 0.787, respectively. Detection of RASSF1A methylation yielded an AUC of 0.841, with a SEN of 0.644 (95% CI: 0.608‐0.678) and a SPE of 0.875 (95% CI: 0.847‐0.900). AFP combined with ctDNA assay achieved an AUC of 0.944, with a SEN of 0.760 (95% CI: 0.728‐00.790) and a SPE of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.893‐00.942).ConclusionCirculating tumor DNA displays a promising diagnostic potential in HCC. However, it is not independently sufficient and can serve as an assistant tool combined with AFP for HCC screening and detection.
Agreement by design: The effect of visual harmony on responses to surveys
Authors: Orth Ulrich R. , Nickel Kristina , Böhm Rebekka , Röwe Katharina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study is one of the first to empirically examine how the visual harmony of a questionnaire can lead to measurement bias. Researchers often employ questionnaires with Likert scales to measure constructs. In this note, we examine how the design of the survey instrument, specifically, its visual harmony, can impair measurement accuracy. Two studies investigate effects of visual harmony in surveys on responses to Likert scales using paper and pencil surveys. Applying an established customer relationship management model, Study 1 employs a survey of female visitors to a grocery store (n = 115). Switching to a product and brand innovation context, Study 2 employs a survey of male and female members of a consumer panel (n = 180) to examine responses to a new e‐scooter. Across studies, results indicate that assessing important consumer response constructs through visually more harmonious surveys can lead to more positive response patterns, lower scale reliability, and questionable validity, especially with females. Although these effects do not occur uniformly across measures and samples, they occur regardless of consumers' past experience with completing questionnaires, their familiarity with questionnaire design, and the naturalness and elaborateness of the visual design. Relating specific elements (e.g., text boxes, type font, shapes, and images) and relational properties of design (e.g., balance, symmetry, and coherence) to consumers' overall perception of harmony aids marketers and researchers in achieving intermediate levels to obtain realistic, reliable, and valid results.
Management of spontaneous coronary artery dissection complicated by cardiogenic shock using mechanical circulatory support with the Impella device
Authors: Sharma Shilpa , Polak Samantha , George Zachary , LeDoux John , Sohn Richard , Stys Adam , Jeon Cathy , Ghazzawi Yousef , Wood Malissa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim is to evaluate the feasibility of using mechanical circulatory support, specifically the Impella device, in spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) patients with cardiogenic shock.BackgroundThe therapeutic options for managing SCAD complicated by cardiogenic shock are limited. Risky revascularization procedures are often necessary.MethodsThis was a multicenter case series in the United States. Approximately 20 cases of Impella implantation in patients with SCAD are known. The implanting physician for each of these cases was contacted and de‐identified records were requested. The records were analyzed for Impella indications, outcomes, and complications.ResultsRecords from four cases were received. All patients survived to hospital discharge and no major complications were observed. In two cases, cardiogenic shock developed in the absence of ongoing ischemia, suggesting a Takotsubo‐like cardiomyopathy. In these cases, the Impella provided hemodynamic support until the patient's cardiac function recovered.ConclusionAlthough a small case series, given the scarcity of SCAD cases complicated by cardiogenic shock and the limited therapies available to treat these patients, these data are of clinical value in highlighting the feasibility of Impella use in SCAD. The Impella can be valuable for procedural support and in cardiogenic shock, especially in cases without evidence of ongoing ischemia.
MnOx‐loaded Mesoporous Silica for the Catalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde. Effect of the Melt Infiltration Conditions on the Activity – Stability Behavior
Authors: Rochard Guillaume , Ciotonea Carmen , Ungureanu Adrian , Giraudon Jean‐Marc , Royer Sébastien , Lamonier Jean‐François 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConventional melt infiltration (over calcined SBA‐15 silica support) and optimized melt infiltration (over surfactant‐containing SBA‐15 support) were used for the first time to prepare MnOx nanoparticles encapsulated within the support pores. A comprehensive study on the evolution of textural, structural, and morphological characteristics of the MnOx‐silica composites as well as their redox and surface properties is reported herein by varying synthesis parameters, such as manganese loading (5, 10, 20 and 30 Mn wt.%), and post‐treatment temperature (300 and 500 °C). The catalytic performances of the materials prepared in this work have been evaluated in the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde. The results show a high performance of the SBA‐15 supported manganese oxide at low‐ to moderate‐ temperatures of reaction (Temperature at 50 % of HCHO conversion into CO2 ranging from 110° to 150 °C), activity being related to Mn oxidation state (from 2.3 to 4) and MnOx phase location, confined with or without 2D spatial distribution in the support porosity or formed at the external surface of SBA‐15. A high stability (60 hours), under dry air and 50 % relative humidity air, is reported for MnOx‐based nanocatalysts prepared by conventional and optimized melt infiltration procedures.
Design of Ultra‐Microporous Carbons by Interpenetrating MF Prepolymer into PAAS Networks at Molecule Level for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Ma Yan‐Dong , Gao Jian‐Fei , Chen Xi‐Wen , Kong Ling‐Bin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe pore structure control of porous carbons, especially ultra‐microporous carbons, has long been a great challenge, and it is desirable to propose new strategies to deal with this dilemma. Herein, we designed and obtained ultra‐microporous dominant porous carbon materials (UMC‐IPNs) with an unimodal pore diameter of 0.6 nm by the strategy of interpenetrating polymer networks precursor carbonization. Thanks to the intertwining characteristics of the two interpenetrating polymer networks, the microphase separation which often occurs between the polymers is well suppressed, and also the pores of the as‐obtained ultra‐microporous carbons are interconnected. The calculated specific surface area is 1551 m2 g−1. Furthermore, as electrode material, UMC‐IPNs has been confirmed to have exceptional electrochemical performance (the specific capacitance is 268 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, and after 10,000 cycles, the capacity is 96 % of the original at 6 A g−1) and rapid electrochemical kinetics (the surface capacitance effect ratio is about 85.4 % in our calculation results). In addition, ultra‐microporous carbons are interesting for other applications such as gas capture, catalysis, and sensor technology.
A perspective on modeling evolution
Authors: de Juan Anna , Mas Sílvia , Maeder Marcel , Tauler Romà 
Published: December 2019

AbstractData modeling is a wide concept that exists since long and encompasses all possible ways to interpret the information associated with a process, analytical measurement or set of related parameters that presents a systematic variation. Data modeling can follow the path of knowledge and be based on first principles or can focus on measurements and empirical models. These different approaches are known as hard‐ and soft‐modeling, respectively.It seemed to us very appropriate to dedicate this article to Paul Gemperline, a person who has significantly contributed to the worlds of hard‐ and soft‐modeling, presumably acknowledging the value of looking at data from all possible perspectives.The following pages do not intend to be an extensive review, but a personal perspective on values, milestones and progress of hard‐ and soft‐modeling and on the necessary existence and valuable combination of both ways to interpret chemical information.
Digital bandstop filtering in the quantitative analysis of glucose from near‐infrared and midinfrared spectra
Authors: Alrezj Osamah , Benaissa Mohammed , Alshebeili Saleh A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis work proposes the use of bandstop filtering (BSF) as a pretreatment method in the quantitative analysis of glucose from both near‐infrared (NIR) and midinfrared (MIR) spectra. The proposed method is investigated and evaluated against the traditional bandpass filtering (BPF) and implemented with the linear calibration models principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) to predict the glucose from an aqueous mixture consisting of glucose and human serum albumin dissolved in a phosphate buffer solution. The results obtained show that BSF pretreatment achieves better prediction performance than BPF in both the NIR and MIR spectral regions. For detailed analysis, the BPF and BSF were implemented under both the Butterworth and Chebyshev filter configurations in both bands; in the NIR region, the Butterworth BSF combined with the PLSR model provides the best glucose prediction by reducing the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) from 100 mg/dL without filtering to 34 mg/dL with a coefficient of determination R2 of .982. In the MIR region, the Chebyshev BSF combined with either PLSR or PCR improves the glucose prediction by reducing the RMSEP by 54% compared with 45% when using BPF and with R2 of.995.
Simultaneous determination of ten aminoglycoside antibiotics in aquatic feeds by high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry with pass‐through cleanup
Authors: Lou Xiaoyi , Tang Yunyu , Fang Changling , Kong Cong , Yu Huijuan , Shi Yongfu , Huang Dongmei , Guo Yaoguang , Xiao Dongxue 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA simple and sensitive method has been established based on pass‐through cleanup and high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC‐Q/Orbitrap MS) for the simultaneous determination of ten aminoglycosides (AGs) in aquatic feeds. The extraction solution and cleanup procedure had been optimized, and good sensitivity, accuracy, and precision were obtained. The calibration curves of AGs were linearity (R2 > 0.99) in the range of 2.0 to 200 μg/L (or 5.0 to 500 μg/L). The limits of detection of AGs were between 10 and 25 μg/kg. The recoveries of AGs ranged from 74.9% to 94.3%, and the intraday and interday relative standard deviations were less than 15%. Finally, this method was successfully applied to determine ten AGs in 30 aquatic feed samples. It might be the first time to use pass‐through cleanup approach combined with HPLC‐Q/Orbitrap MS method for AGs determination in aquatic feed samples.
An Atomistic Understanding of Allosteric Inhibition of Glutamate Racemase: a Dampening of Native Activation Dynamics
Authors: Witkin Katie R. , Vance Nicholas R. , Caldwell Colleen , Li Quinn , Yu Liping , Spies M. Ashley 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlutamate racemases (GR) are members of the family of bacterial enzymes known as cofactor‐independent racemases and epimerases and catalyze the stereoinversion of glutamate. D‐amino acids are universally important for the proper construction of viable bacterial cell walls, and thus have been repeatedly validated as attractive targets for novel antimicrobial drug design. Significant aspects of the mechanism of this challenging stereoinversion remain unknown. The current study employs a combination of MD and QM/MM computational approaches to show that the GR from H. pylori must proceed via a pre‐activation step, which is dependent on the enzyme's flexibility. This mechanism is starkly different from previously proposed mechanisms. These findings have immediate pharmaceutical relevance, as the H. pylori GR enzyme is a very attractive allosteric drug target. The results presented in this study offer a distinctly novel understanding of how AstraZeneca's lead series of inhibitors cripple the H. pylori GR's native motions, via prevention of this critical chemical pre‐activation step. Our experimental studies, using SPR, fluorescence and NMR WaterLOGSY, show that H. pylori GR is not inhibited by the uncompetitive mechanism originally put forward by Lundqvist et al.. The current study supports a deep connection between native enzyme motions and chemical reactivity, which has strong relevance to the field of allosteric drug discovery.
Accumulation of CD103+ CD8+ T cells in a cutaneous melanoma micrometastasis
Authors: Hochheiser Katharina , Aw Yeang Han Xian , Wagner Teagan , Tutuka Candani , Behren Andreas , Waithman Jason , Angel Christopher , Neeson Paul J , Gebhardt Thomas , Gyorki David E 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe immune system can halt cancer progression by suppressing outgrowth of clinically occult micrometastases in a state of cancer‐immune equilibrium. Cutaneous melanoma provides a unique opportunity to study the immune contexture of such lesions, as miniscule skin metastases are accessible to clinical inspection and diagnostic biopsy.MethodsHere, we analysed by multiplex immunofluorescence microscopy samples from a melanoma patient presenting with an overt and an occult in‐transit metastasis (ITM), the latter of which appeared as a small erythematous papule.ResultsMicroarchitecture and immune composition in the two lesions were vastly different. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells accumulated around the margin of the overt SOX10+ Melan A+ ITM but were largely excluded from the tumor centre. By contrast, the occult micrometastasis contained only few SOX10+ Melan A− melanoma cells which were scattered within a dense infiltrate of T cells, including a prominent population of CD103+ CD8+ T cells resembling tissue‐resident memory T (TRM) cells. Notably, almost every single melanoma cell in the micrometastasis was in close proximity to these TRM‐like cells.ConclusionSuch results support the emerging concept that CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells are key mediators of cancer surveillance and imply an important function of these cells in controlling clinically occult micrometastases in humans.
Study of multiple impurity seeding effect using SONIC integrated divertor code for JT‐60SA plasma prediction
Authors: Yamoto Shohei , Hoshino Kazuo , Homma Yuki , Nakano Tomohide , Hayashi Nobuhiko 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn order to study the potential impurity seeding operation regime of the future fusion devices, the first application of the integrated divertor code SONIC to the Ar + Ne mixed‐impurity seeding operation of JT‐60SA steady‐state high‐β plasma has been carried out. In the case, Ne is added to Ar‐only seeding, the separatrix electron density has fell into the desired low separatrix electron density of the scenario. This is mainly because the D+ flow velocity towards the inner divertor has been increased by the Ne seeding. The resultant friction force transports Ar impurities towards the inner divertor region, while impurities are stagnated in the top of scrape‐off layer (SOL) in the Ar‐only seeding case. The higher impurity radiation power in the divertor regions and lower one in the SOL region above the X point have been obtained in mixed‐impurity seeding cases, which show similar tendency as the Ar + Ne mixed‐impurity seeding experiment in JT‐60 U. At the core edge, Zeff has been slightly increased and the radiation power has been decreased as the Ne seeding rate increases. The core plasma/impurity transport has been also evaluated by the TOPICS code using the impurity density at the core edge computed by the SONIC as a boundary parameter. The results show lower Zeff and radiation power, and higher electron temperature in the core in the mixed‐impurity seeding cases. Above possible contributors to the better energy confinement indicate that the mixed‐impurity seeding operation might be more effective than Ar‐only seeding operation.
Myeloid Neoplasms with Elevated Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Differentiation Reflect the Maturation Process of Dendritic Cells
Authors: Huang Yumei , Wang Yazhe , Chang Yan , Yuan Xiaoying , Hao Le , Shi Hongxia , Lai Yueyun , Huang Xiaojun , Liu Yanrong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo date, the research on dendritic cells (DCs) and their correlated neoplasms has not been clear. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) and mature plasmacytoid dendritic cell proliferation (MPDCP) are two types of malignancies originating from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Some evidence has indicated the existence of other pDC neoplasms. In addition, cases of myeloid neoplasms (MNs), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with increased pDCs (AML/MDS‐pDCs) seem to have immature DCs according to the vaguely consistent expression of markers among MNs and pDCs, which appear to fit the developmental pattern of normal DCs. We analyzed 14 AML/MDS‐pDC cases mainly for their immunophenotype by flow cytometry and inferred their CD expression pattern. The patients' clinical information and other laboratory data were collected and reviewed. AML/MDS‐pDCs show a different pattern of markers from BPDCN and MPDCP. Three maturation‐involved stages were found in these AML/MDS‐pDCs patients. Stage I was the most immature stage and displayed an expression profile of CD34+/st+ CD117+/st+ BDCA2− BDCA4− CD123+ HLA‐DR+/st+ CD4− CD45dim+; Stage II was the more immature stage displayed a phenotype of CD34dim+ CD117dim+ BDCA2−/dim+ BDCA4−/dim+ CD123st+ HLA‐DR+/st+ CD4− CD45+; and Stage III was the mature stage showed CD34− CD117− BDCA2+/BDCA4+ CD123st+ HLA‐DR+/st+ CD4+ CD45+/st+. Three maturation‐involved stages overlapped well with the phenotypes of normal DC progenitors in a continuously developmental process: granulocyte, monocyte, and DC progenitors (GMDPs) and/or monocyte and DC progenitors (MDPs), common DC progenitors (CDPs), pDCs, and/or pre‐DCs. In this study, we considered AML/MDS‐pDCs as entities that were distinct from BPDCN and MPDCP and correlated the components of this tumor with the normal DC differentiation pathway, which provides new evidence for understanding DC neoplasms. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry