bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evadiendo a la Historia de Chile: Los archivos de los Ferrocarriles del Estado
Authors: Guajardo Guillermo , Moreno Román 
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se presenta un análisis exploratorio de una pequeña muestra de datos del archivo de personal de la Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado de Chile (EFE), que a fines de la década de 1980 fue considerado como “activo rescindible” en el marco de las políticas neoliberales de privatización y de autofinanciamiento del sector público. El estudio de la muestra y la historia de cómo se obtuvo abre algunas ventanas para entender el impacto multidimensional del Estado chileno a través de los ferrocarriles, como la migración rural-urbana y la calificación técnica, entre otros muchos fenómenos. También se destacan los problemas de acceso a una documentación de primer orden para la historia de Chile, debido a la falta de una política de preservación, cuidado y difusión de los acervos de EFE, a diferencia de otros organismos públicos.
“¿En qué gana Tocopilla?... ¡En Béisbol!” De segregación a identidad: El desarrollo del Béisbol en una sociedad minera bajo hegemonía estadounidense.
Authors: Galaz-Mandakovic Damir 
Published: November 2020

En este artículo, examinamos y describimos la llegada del béisbol a la ciudad de Tocopilla como una práctica deportiva que se desarrolló desde la segregación socioeconómica por parte de extranjeros durante el contexto de la industrialización de la mina Chuquicamata y en el contexto de la chilenización de la posguerra. Examinamos cómo esta práctica deportiva segregada, durante el siglo XX, se convirtió en la base principal de una identidad deportiva popular de una localidad en el escenario nacional.
The return of the malón. A quantitative approximation to the indigenous incursions in the Pampas
Authors: Cordero Guido 
Published: November 2020

The goal of this article is to systematize the existing information about the inter-ethnic malones in the Southern Frontier between the years of 1860 and 1875, on the eve of the so-called “conquest of the desert”. We set out to identify the incursions that took place during the period, observing their occurrence in different frontier areas, the different participating leaders and groups, the amount of warriors, and the results they had regarding the appropriation of cattle and captives. With this information, we tried to build an overview about the indigenous incursions in the totality of the frontiers. That is why we sidelined the analysis of the political dynamics characteristic of the different frontier regions, prioritizing the observation of global aspects. But it is precisely from the treatment of the borders as a whole that we can risk some hypotheses about aspects of the indigenous policies.

El objetivo de este artículo es sistematizar la información existente sobre los malones interétnicos en la Frontera Sur entre los años 1860 y 1875, en vísperas de la llamada “conquista del desierto”. Para ello nos propusimos identificar las incursiones ocurridas durante el período observando su ocurrencia en diferentes áreas fronterizas, los distintos líderes y agrupaciones participantes, la cantidad de guerreros y sus resultados en cuanto a la apropiación de ganado y cautivos. Con esa información intentamos construir un panorama general sobra las incursiones indígenas a la totalidad de las fronteras. Por ello pusimos entre paréntesis el análisis de las dinámicas políticas propias de los diferentes espacios fronterizos priorizando la observación de aspectos globales. Pero es precisamente a partir del tratamiento de las fronteras en conjunto que podremos arriesgar algunas hipótesis sobre aspectos de la política indígena que habrían quedado oscurecidos en una mirada acotada a un espacio o grupo en particular.
LOS NOTABLES PERUANOS DEPORTADOS A CHILE DURANTE LA OCUPACIÓN DE LIMA (1881-1884)
Authors: Amigo López Tiery 
Published: November 2020

El siguiente artículo analiza el secuestro de la elite política y acomodada del Perú durante la ocupación de Lima por parte de la clase dirigente chilena. Este proceso ha sido soslayado por la historiografía nacional, dando énfasis a las construcciones de símbolos patrios que se desprenden de la Guerra del Pacífico. De esta forma, resulta necesario realizar una relectura de las fuentes documentales del Estado y de la prensa, para desentrañar el impasse político que privilegió a la elite chilena con un nuevo territorio y que llevó al destierro a un selecto círculo de notables.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Pekerjaan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dan Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Variabel Moderator Budaya Kerja Pada Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat (BKM) di Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Astutik Mardi , Priantono Seger 
Published: November 2020

Selain karakteristrik pekerjaan, kepuasan kerja karyawan juga ditentukan budaya kerja yang terjadi dalam internal BKM. Budaya kerja di BKM ditujukan menciptakan nilai berlaku jujur, saling menghormati, bertanggung jawab, saling percaya, menumbuhkan inovasi dan kreativitas karyawan untuk kenyamanan anggota, setia kawan, disiplin dan kekeluargaan. Perkembangan BKM saat ini terdorong adanya budaya kerja namun dalam perjalanannya, kestabilan karyawan menimbulkan dampak balik terhadap budaya kerja yang dapat berpengaruh pada kinerja karyawannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh karakteristik pekerjaan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan kepuasan kerja karyawan dengan variabel moderator budaya kerja pada BKM di Kota Probolinggo. Penelitian ini dengan pendekatan asosiatif kausal, sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 120 orang karyawan dari 29 BKM di Kota Probolinggo. Analisis data dengan moderated regression analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan kepuasan kerja dengan variabel moderator budaya kerja pada Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat (BKM) Di Kota Probolinggo.
Respons Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Klon Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) terhadap Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Urea (Growth Response And Yield Of Patchouli Clones (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) On Dose Urea Various Applications)
Authors: Pangestu Retno Ayu Diah , Tahir M. , Fatahillah Fatahillah 
Published: November 2020

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produces essential oils and important foreign exchange earner for Indonesia. Using superior clonesÂ with the right fertilizer application will increase the yield of patchouli oil. The research aims to obtain patchouli plants that have the best response of urea fertilization application and optimum dosage of urea for patchouli plant growth. The study was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri lampungâ€™s teaching farm in December 2018 until May 2019. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), consisting of two treatment factors, namely the type of urea clone. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of 2 levels, namely NPL 9 clone and Lhokseumawe clone. The second factor is the treatment of urea doses consisting of 4 levels, namely control, 250 kg.ha-1, 300 kg.ha-1, and 350 kg.ha-1. Variables observed included plantâ€™s height, bough, diameter, number of leaves, stalk angle, chlorophyll content, wet weight of plant, wind dry weight of plant, and yield. The results of research showedÂ NPL 9 clone had a superior appearance and 350 kg.ha-1 of urea doseÂ was the optimal dose compared to other doses and could increase patchouli yield 2,3% compared to the control treatment.
Aplikasi IAA Terhadap Kecepatan Tumbuh Asal Bibit Bud Chip Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) di Persemaian Pottray
Authors: Prasetyo Sigit Eko , Indrawati Wiwik , Same Made 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Politeknik Negeri Lampung pada bulan Desember sampai Februari 2019. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah sumber bud chip yang berasal dari 3 bagian batang yaitu B1 (atas), B2 (tengah) dan B3 (bawah). Â Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi ZPT IAA dengan 4 taraf yaitu A0 (0 mg ), A1 (150 mg ), A2 (300 mg ), A3 (450 mg ). Â Variabel yang diamati adalah kecepatan tumbuh mata tunas, persentase tumbuh tunas (%), tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai) dan diameter pelepah (mm). Hasil penelitian menunjukan asal bibit bud chip bagian tengah memiliki pertumbuhan terbaik terhadap variabel kecepatan tumbuh, persentase tumbuh, tinggi bibit, jumlah daun, dan diameter pelepah. Pemberian ZPT IAA pada konsentrasi 0-450 mg l-1Â yang telah diterapkan pada sumber bud chip bagian atas, tengah, dan bawah dengan perlakuan perendaman selama 20 menit tidak memberikan dampak yang nyata pada kecepatan tumbuh, persentase tumbuh, tinggi bibit, jumlah daun, diameter pelepah dan tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan asal bibit bud chip (atas, tengah, bawah) dan konsentrasi ZPT IAA (0 mg l-1 ,150 mg l-1Â ,300 mg l-1 dan 450 mg l-1 ).
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Converting Enzyme (TACE) as Possible Therapeutic Target in SARS-CoV-2 Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: Batista Junior Joao 
Published: November 2020

This study reveals, for the first time, that rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, two thiazolidinedione drugs already approved as therapeutic agents to treat type II diabetes, were found to bind favorably to tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme catalytic site with highlighted binding features.This study suggests that rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, acting as TACE inhibitors agents might avoid or attenuate the hyperexcitability proteolytic activity state of TACE, represent a new potential therapeutic approach to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated severe systemic inflammatory responses observed among severely or critically ill SARS-CoV-2 patients and, consequently, to diminish severe inflammatory‐induced lung injury, ARDS development and death rates.
TEACHER EFFICACY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Menon K.P Seema , K Sobha 
Published: November 2020

The study aims to find out the teacher efficacy of secondary school teachers. The sample for the present study consisted of 350 secondary teachers of Kerala. In this study the investigators used a teacher Efficacy scale to measure the teacher efficacy of secondary school teachers. The study reveals that secondary school teachers possess an average level of teacher efficacy and also that there exist significant difference in the mean scores of teacher efficacy with respect to type of management and teaching experience, but no significant difference exist in the mean scores of teacher efficacy with respect to Gender and locale and Subject of specialization.
Mr. Dharmaveer Bharti as essayist
Authors: Devi Pramila 
Published: November 2020

The second Saptak edited by Agnayji Ji, the proponent of experimentalism, as early as 1951 AD. Dharamvir Bharti arrived in Hindi literature. Bharti ji is known as a novelist, storyteller, playwright, poet and editor of 'Dharmayuga'. Rich in this versatility, Bharti ji is also known as an eminent essayist.
While praising Dharamvir Bharti, Agyeya writes - "There are more talents, also more remarkable than others, but they have a specialty in Dharamvir Bharati." He is not only a good, hard working, interesting writer, he is the most original writer of a new plant.
प्रयोगवाद के प्रवत्र्तक अज्ञेय जी द्वारा संपादित ‘दूसरा सप्तक’ 1951 ई. के साथ ही डाॅ. धर्मवीर भारती का हिन्दी साहित्य में आगमन हुआ । भारती जी उपन्यासकार, कहानीकार, नाटककार, कवि और ‘धर्मयुग’ के संपादक के रूप में जाने जाते हैं । इस बहुमुखी प्रतिभा के धनी भारती जी को एक प्रख्यात निबंधकार के रूप में भी जाना जाता है । धर्मवीर भारती की प्रशंसा करते हुए अज्ञेय लिखते हैं - ‘‘प्रतिभाएॅं और भी हैं, कृतित्व औरों का भी उल्लेखनीय है, पर उनसे धर्मवीर भारती में एक विशेषता है । वे केवल अच्छे, परिश्रमी, रोचक लेखक नहीं हैं, वे नयी पौध के सबसे मौलिक लेखक हैं ।
Correlation of pain and psychological disorder
Authors: Ordatii N , Ordatii A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Chronic pain syndrome can be widely extended in medical practice. Chronic pain syndrome can lead to a short-term insomnia, which is usually 2–3 days and causes the patient’s asthenia, goneness. Chronic pain forms of painful behavior: avoiding of physical exertion, sufferer outside, overdoing sensation of pain to have a same using, unique unpleasant things, loss of family functions, depletion of function. It is possible to become self-consciously closed because of the next depression, sleep disturbance and anxiety and pain, which is the potential for one another. It is dangerous through the formation of addiction from painkillers preparations (formulation of specific behavior) and the loss of psycho-somatic disorder.
Purpose: to find out correlation of the disruption of the patient’s psychological camp and the pain senses.
Materials and methods: analysis of 40 medical cards of patients of neurological department of the VCCC CR for the period – June 2020. Patients were comprehensively monitored by a psychologist, psychiatrist, and neurologist. The main complaint all this 40 patients is a chronic pain different localization at the time of the hospitalization. Nosological diagnosis of patients were: radiculities – 8; lumbalgia, sciatica and cervіkalgіa –26; posttraumatic neuropathy – 2; traumatic brain injury – 4.
Conclusions: Between 40 patients with chronic pain revealed disorders of psychological health in 23 patients, which redacted 57.5%, any disorders were found in 17 patients – 42.5 %; main psychological disorders in patients with pain are: anxiety in 17 patients – 73.9%, decreased mood in 12 patients – 52.17 %, sleep disturbance in 8 patients – 34.8 %, irritability in 6 patients – 26.1 %, the most often combination was anxiety and low mood alliance in 6 patients – 26.1 %, and combination of the anxiety with sleep disorders in 5 patients – 21.7 %.
Obstetrician patterns of steroid administration for the prenatal management of congenital pulmonary airway malformations
Authors: Aziz Khyzer B. , Jelin Angie C. , Keiser Amaris M. , Schulkin Jay , Jelin Eric B. 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is the most common prenatally-diagnosed lung malformation. This lesion, classified as macrocystic or microcystic, can lead to significant fetal compromise. Management options include observation, maternal antenatal steroid administration, and fetal surgical intervention. Current evidence suggests that microcystic (but not macrocystic) lesions and those with a cyst volume ratio (CVR) >1.6 are responsive to steroid therapy. The objective of this study was to identify patterns of prenatal steroid administration for the management of CPAMs and to identify characteristics of CPAMs prompting steroid administration. METHODS: An 18-question survey was distributed to obstetricians from the Pregnancy-Related Care Research Network (PRCRN) and the North American Fetal Therapy Network (NAFTNet), from January to April 2019, to capture antenatal steroid prescribing patterns. RESULTS: Response rates were 28.3% (138/487) for PRCRN and 63.3% (19/30) for NAFTNet. Among PRCRN members, 16.8% administered prenatal steroids, with most (77.2%) doing so for both microcystic and macrocystic CPAMs; corresponding percentages for NAFTNet members were 90.9% and 52.6%. Two thirds (65.6%) of obstetricians who administer steroids do so for a CVR > 1.6, without evidence of mediastinal shift or hydrops fetalis. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of consensus among obstetricians as to the CPAM characteristics that should prompt administration of prenatal steroids. Many surveyed obstetricians do not use cyst type or CVR to guide decision-making regarding steroid therapy.
Using artificial intelligence to assist radiologists in distinguishing COVID-19 from other pulmonary infections
Authors: Yang Yanhong , Lure Fleming Y.M. , Miao Hengyuan , Zhang Ziqi , Jaeger Stefan , Liu Jinxin , Guo Lin 
Published: November 2020

Background: Accurate and rapid diagnosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is crucial for timely quarantine and treatment. Purpose: In this study, a deep learning algorithm-based AI model using ResUNet network was developed to evaluate the performance of radiologists with and without AI assistance in distinguishing COVID-19 infected pneumonia patients from other pulmonary infections on CT scans. Methods: For model development and validation, a total number of 694 cases with 111,066 CT slides were retrospectively collected as training data and independent test data in the study. Among them, 118 are confirmed COVID-19 infected pneumonia cases and 576 are other pulmonary infection cases (e.g. tuberculosis cases, common pneumonia cases and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia cases). The cases were divided into training and testing datasets. The independent test was performed by evaluating and comparing the performance of three radiologists with different years of practice experience in distinguishing COVID-19 infected pneumonia cases with and without the AI assistance. Results: Our final model achieved an overall test accuracy of 0.914 with an area of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.903 in which the sensitivity and specificity are 0.918 and 0.909, respectively. The deep learning-based model then achieved a comparable performance by improving the radiologists’ performance in distinguish COVOD-19 from other pulmonary infections, yielding better average accuracy and sensitivity, from 0.941 to 0.951 and from 0.895 to 0.942, respectively, when compared to radiologists without using AI assistance. Conclusion: A deep learning algorithm-based AI model developed in this study successfully improved radiologists’ performance in distinguishing COVID-19 from other pulmonary infections using chest CT images.
Mid-Atlantic Corn and Soybean Yields Show Great Variability in Response to Precipitation during Critical Growth Stages
Authors: Cavigelli Michel 
Published: November 2020

The mid-Atlantic coastal plain, where the FSP is located, has higher than average variability in corn and soybean yields compared to the most productive agricultural regions in the US. Precipitation is the primary driver of crop yield variability in this region and drought is often responsible for low yields.
K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL FERTILITY IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA
Authors: Hassan Hayatu Ibrahim , Mohammed Abdullahi , Ahmad Isma’eel Barroon , Yusuf Ali Sahabi 
Published: November 2020

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production. Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.
Історичні передумови будівництва та розвиток перспективних проектів паровозів серії ФД на Луганському паровозобудівному заводі (1925 – 1941 рр.)
Authors: Рубан М.Ю. , Фомін А.В. 
Published: November 2020

У статті здійснено спробу дослідити історичні передумови створення та обставини серійного будівництва товарного паровозу типу (1-5-1) легендарної серії ФД на Луганському паровозобудівному заводі, відзначеному золотою медаллю та дипломом на всесвітній виставці в Парижі в 1938 р. Проаналізовано фактори, які вплинули на формування технічного завдання на розробку перспективних локомотивів для товарного парку залізниць СРСР періоду Індустріалізації, технічні особливості та модифікації альтернативних конструкцій імпортних паровозів. Досліджена ступінь залучення до виробництва серії ФД іноземних технологій, фахівців та матеріалів. Зазначається, що в ході виробництва паровози серії ФД зазнавали постійного конструктивного вдосконалення при виготовленні низки унікальних експериментальних дослідних зразків. Простежено виникнення назви серії – «ФД» та роль ОДПУ у її створенні. Розглянуто обставини формування стратегії розвитку товарного паровозного парку залізниць СРСР 1925 – 1934 рр. Висвітлено процес перетворення Луганського паровозобудівного заводу на провідне підприємство країни з виробництва надпотужного тягового рухомого складу американського типу на паровій тязі. Встановлено, що, у цілому, паровози серії ФД можна охарактеризувати як технологічно складні у виробництві та ремонті, потужні, високопродуктивні локомотиви з відносно простим рушійним механізмом, втім, неекономічним паровим котлом і слабкою екіпажною частиною. Протягом другої половини 1930-х рр. доля використання паровозів серії ФД у товарному паровозному парку залізниць СРСР безперервно зростала, оскільки їх конструкція дотримувала оптимальний компроміс між високими потужнісними і швидкісними характеристиками локомотиву та прийнятному навантажені рушійних осей на наявну верхню будову колії більшості вантажонапружених магістралей СРСР. Доведено, що історичний досвід становлення вітчизняної науково-виробничої бази магістрального паровозобудування потребує свого належного осмислення в контексті сучасних тенденцій імпорту тягового рухомого складу зі спробою подальшої локалізації його виробництва в Україні.
DEVELOPMENT OF 3-DIMENSIONAL SNAKE AND LADDER GAME: IMPLEMENTATION WITH SECOND GRADE STUDENTS OF SDN 37 PEKANBARU
Authors: Febriyanti Dian , Putra Zetra Hainul , Witri Gustimal 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to test the feasibility of a three-dimensional snake and ladder game to reflect the thematic learning material from theme 6 subthemes 2 about taking care of animals around me. This study was conducted in June 2020 in one of second grade parent house of SD N 37 Pekanbaru. This research is motivated by the lack of learning media that can be used to primary school students. The learning outside learning hours is important for students to be able to have leraning activities, working together in groups, respecting friends' opinions and interacting. The 3D snake and ladder game is an interesting game. The development of 3D snake and ladder game is carried out according to the Research and Development (R&D) method according to the procedure of ADDIE development models. The feasibility test of 3D snake and ladder game product had validation rate of 87.5% from the media expert in the "very acceptable" category and 92.5% from the content expert in the "very acceptable" category. Student responses to the snake and ladder game developed as a whole scored 95.97% in the "excellent" category.