bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hand-Held Portable Versus Conventional Cart-Based Ultrasound in Musculoskeletal Imaging
Authors: Falkowski Anna L. , Jacobson Jon A. , Freehill Michael T. , Kalia Vivek 
Published: February 2020

Background: Portable ultrasound machines are now common, used for point-of-care applications and needle guidance for percutaneous procedures; however, the effectiveness of portable ultrasound in evaluation of the musculoskeletal system has not been fully assessed. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the use of portable hand-held ultrasound in comparison with conventional cart-based ultrasound in evaluation of the musculoskeletal system. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: In this institutional review board–approved, prospective study, 100 consecutive patients with informed consent were imaged through use of both portable and cart-based ultrasound equipment using 12-5 MHz linear transducers. Agreement in ultrasound diagnosis was documented along with expected clinical changes in management if there was disagreement (definitely no, probably no, uncertain, probably yes, definitely yes). Imaging details of disagreement cases were recorded, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Results: There were 42 male and 58 female patients (mean ± SD age, 53 ± 13 years) imaged over a time period of 20 months. Anatomic areas scanned were the shoulder (n = 30), elbow (n = 11), hand and wrist (n = 15), hip (n = 10), knee (n = 11), foot and ankle (n = 12), and others (n = 11). Scanning with conventional ultrasound revealed abnormality in 92% of patients. Agreement in diagnosis made between portable versus cart-based ultrasound was found in 65% of patients. In the 35% of patients with discordant results, the change in diagnosis resulted in no change in clinical management in 46%, probably no change in 29%, uncertain change in 14%, probable change in 11%, and definite change in 0%. The diagnoses changing management (4%; 4/100) included nondetection of a satellite nodule (n = 1), ganglion cyst (n = 1), hernia (n = 1), and underestimated tendon tear (n = 1). Conclusion: When compared with conventional cart-based ultrasound, a musculoskeletal diagnosis using portable hand-held ultrasound was concordant or was discordant without clinical relevance in 96% (96/100) of patients. Knowledge of benefits and limitations of portable hand-held ultrasound will help determine areas where specific types of ultrasound equipment can be used.
Home to Stay: An Integrated Monitoring System Using a Mobile App to Support Patients at Home Following Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Keng Christine J S , Goriawala Alifiya , Rashid Saira , Goldstein Rachel , Schmocker Selina , Easson Alexandra , Kennedy Erin 
Published: February 2020

Background: Patients undergoing colorectal surgery are vulnerable during their transition from hospital to home and require increased support following discharge from hospital. Study objectives were to perform an initial assessment of patient uptake, outcomes, and satisfaction with an integrated discharge monitoring system called Home to Stay. Methods: The intervention was an integrated discharge monitoring system that uses a mobile app platform. Patients downloaded the app prior to discharge from hospital and received a Daily Health Check day #1 to #14, #21, and #30. Patient responses’ were accessed by the health-care team via secure web site, and extreme responses were “flagged” to indicate that a follow-up telephone call was necessary. Primary outcomes were patient uptake, Quality of Recovery scores and satisfaction with the program. Secondary outcomes were 30-day emergency room (ER) visits and readmissions. Results: One hundred and thirty-two patients were invited to participate and 106 accepted. Of these, 93 used the app at least once. The mean overall score on the Quality of Recovery Scale increased significantly from day 1 to day 14. Patient satisfaction with the app was high, with 92% of patients reporting overall satisfaction as good or excellent. The 30-day readmission rate was 6% and was lower than the 30-day readmission rate of 18% reported for the 4 months prior to the start of the study. Conclusions: The Home to Stay Program to support patients at home after colorectal surgery is feasible with high patient uptake and satisfaction. This program has the potential to reduce 30-day readmissions, however further studies are required.
An evaluation of Datix implementation for incident reporting at Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare
Authors: Mushcab Hayat , Bunting David , Yami Saeed , Abandi Ali , Hunt Catherine 
Published: February 2020

Background Incident-reporting systems are designed to obtain information about events and situations affecting patient safety. These incidents can be used to inform individual and organizational learning and improvement opportunities for quality and patient safety. Aim This study aims to evaluate incident reporting at the Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH) since the implementation of Datix and the staff’s behavior towards incident reporting. Methods This is a prospective, mixed methods study. Incident-reporting system reports are used to evaluate the volume of incident reporting before and after implementing the new software. A questionnaire was developed to assess the attitude of hospital staff members to reporting incidents in general and the use of Datix in particular. Results Incident reporting increased in 2017 and 2018 by 51% and 57%, respectively, using Datix compared with the previously implemented software. JHAH has 3812 active employees, with nearly 60% of them using Datix. The study received 377 survey responses (response rate approximately 10%). We received a majority of positive responses about the workplace safety culture and the value of the system. Conclusion Implementation of the Datix reporting system resulted in an increased number of incident reports. An action plan was put in place that may improve incident reporting by further increasing awareness regarding the importance of reporting and supporting more training.
Changes in Expression of Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 1 in Secondary Neural Tissue Damage Following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kanno Haruo , Ozawa Hiroshi , Handa Kyoichi , Murakami Taishi , Itoi Eiji 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is different from apoptotic cell death. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays a particularly important function in necroptosis execution. This study investigated changes in expression of RIPK1 in secondary neural tissue damage following spinal cord injury in mice. The time course of the RIPK1 expression was also compared with that of apoptotic cell death in the lesion site. Methods and Materials: Immunostaining for RIPK1 was performed at different time points after spinal cord injury. The protein expressions of RIPK1 were determined by western blot. The RIPK1 expressions in various neural cells were investigated using immunohistochemistry. To investigate the time course of apoptotic cell death, TUNEL-positive cells were counted at the different time points. To compare the incidence of necroptosis and apoptosis, the RIPK1-labeled sections were co-stained with TUNEL. Results: The RIPK1 expression was significantly upregulated in the injured spinal cord. The upregulation of RIPK1 expression was observed in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The increase in RIPK1 expression started at 4 hours and peaked at 3 days after injury. Time course of the RIPK1 expression was similar to that of apoptosis detected by TUNEL. Interestingly, the increased expression of RIPK1 was rarely observed in the TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, the number of RIPK1-positive cells was significantly higher than that of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the expression of RIPK1 increased in various neural cells and peaked at 3 days following spinal cord injury. The temporal change of the RIPK1 expression was analogous to that of apoptosis at the lesion site. However, the increase in RIPK1 expression was barely seen in the apoptotic cells. These findings suggested that the RIPK1 might contribute to the pathological mechanism of the secondary neural tissue damage after spinal cord injury.
Pan-tissue transcriptome analysis of long noncoding RNAs in the American beaver Castor canadensis
Authors: Kashyap Amita , Rhodes Adelaide , Kronmiller Brent , Berger Josie , Champagne Ashley , Davis Edward W. , Finnegan Mitchell V. , Geniza Matthew , Hendrix David A. , Löhr Christiane V. , Petro Vanessa M. , Sharpton Thomas J. , Wells Jackson , Epps Clinton W. , Jaiswal Pankaj , Tyler Brett M. , Ramsey Stephen A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have roles in gene regulation, epigenetics, and molecular scaffolding and it is hypothesized that they underlie some mammalian evolutionary adaptations. However, for many mammalian species, the absence of a genome assembly precludes the comprehensive identification of lncRNAs. The genome of the American beaver (Castor canadensis) has recently been sequenced, setting the stage for the systematic identification of beaver lncRNAs and the characterization of their expression in various tissues. The objective of this study was to discover and profile polyadenylated lncRNAs in the beaver using high-throughput short-read sequencing of RNA from sixteen beaver tissues and to annotate the resulting lncRNAs based on their potential for orthology with known lncRNAs in other species.ResultsUsing de novo transcriptome assembly, we found 9528 potential lncRNA contigs and 187 high-confidence lncRNA contigs. Of the high-confidence lncRNA contigs, 147 have no known orthologs (and thus are putative novel lncRNAs) and 40 have mammalian orthologs. The novel lncRNAs mapped to the Oregon State University (OSU) reference beaver genome with greater than 90% sequence identity. While the novel lncRNAs were on average shorter than their annotated counterparts, they were similar to the annotated lncRNAs in terms of the relationships between contig length and minimum free energy (MFE) and between coverage and contig length. We identified beaver orthologs of known lncRNAs such asXIST,MEG3,TINCR, andNIPBL-DT.We profiled the expression of the 187 high-confidence lncRNAs across 16 beaver tissues (whole blood, brain, lung, liver, heart, stomach, intestine, skeletal muscle, kidney, spleen, ovary, placenta, castor gland, tail, toe-webbing, and tongue) and identified both tissue-specific and ubiquitous lncRNAs.ConclusionsTo our knowledge this is the first report of systematic identification of lncRNAs and their expression atlas in beaver. LncRNAs—both novel and those with known orthologs—are expressed in each of the beaver tissues that we analyzed. For some beaver lncRNAs with known orthologs, the tissue-specific expression patterns were phylogenetically conserved. The lncRNA sequence data files and raw sequence files are available via the web supplement and the NCBI Sequence Read Archive, respectively.
Transcriptome analysis of fungicide-responsive gene expression profiles in two Penicillium italicum strains with different response to the sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide prochloraz
Authors: Zhang Tingfu , Cao Qianwen , Li Na , Liu Deli , Yuan Yongze 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPenicillium italicum(blue mold) is one of citrus pathogens causing undesirable citrus fruit decay even at strictly-controlled low temperatures (< 10 °C) during shipping and storage.P. italicumisolates with considerably high resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides have emerged; however, mechanism(s) underlying such DMI-resistance remains unclear. In contrast to available elucidation on anti-DMI mechanism forP. digitatum(green mold), howP. italicumDMI-resistance develops has not yet been clarified.ResultsThe present study prepared RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) libraries for twoP. italicumstrains (highly resistant (Pi-R) versus highly sensitive (Pi-S) to DMI fungicides), with and without prochloraz treatment, to identify prochloraz-responsive genes facilitating DMI-resistance. After 6 h prochloraz-treatment, comparative transcriptome profiling showed more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Pi-R than Pi-S. Functional enrichments identified 15 DEGs in the prochloraz-induced Pi-R transcriptome, simultaneously up-regulated inP. italicumresistance. These included ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding genes, major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter-encoding genes, ergosterol (ERG) anabolism component genesERG2,ERG6andEGR11(CYP51A), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling-inducer genesMkk1andHog1, and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling-inducer genesCaMK1andCaMK2. Fragments Per Kilobase per Million mapped reads (FPKM) analysis of Pi-R transcrtiptome showed that prochloraz induced mRNA increase of additional 4 unigenes, including the other twoERG11isoformsCYP51BandCYP51Cand the remaining kinase-encoding genes (i.e.,Bck1andSlt2) required for Slt2-MAPK signaling. The expression patterns of all the 19 prochloraz-responsive genes, obtained in our RNA-seq data sets, have been validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These lines of evidence in together draw a general portrait of anti-DMI mechanisms forP. italicumspecies. Intriguingly, some strategies adopted by the present Pi-R were not observed in the previously documented prochloraz-resistantP. digitatumtranscrtiptomes. These included simultaneous induction of all majorEGR11isoforms (CYP51A/B/C), over-expression ofERG2andERG6to modulate ergosterol anabolism, and concurrent mobilization of Slt2-MAPK and CaMK signaling processes to overcome fungicide-induced stresses.ConclusionsThe present findings provided transcriptomic evidence onP. italicumDMI-resistance mechanisms and revealed some diversity in anti-DMI strategies betweenP. italicumandP. digitatumspecies, contributing to our knowledge onP. italicumDMI-resistance mechanisms.
Characterization and whole genome sequencing of a novel strain of Bergeyella cardium related to infective endocarditis
Authors: Pan Hongwei , Li Wei , Sun Enhua , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundBergeyella cardiuminfection is becoming increasingly prevalent in patients with infective endocarditis, suggesting its significance in disease pathogenesis. However, few studies have fully characterized this species.ResultsHerein, we report the morphological and physiological characteristics, as well as whole genome sequencing of a newly identifiedB. cardiumHPQL strain isolated from a patient with infective endocarditis. Results from the cellular morphology and biochemical analysis provide basic knowledge on the new pathogen. The whole genome sequencing ofB. cardiumHPQL consists of a circular chromosome with a total length of 2,036,890 bp. No plasmid was detected. Comparative genomics were carried out then. Antibiotics resistance related genes, pathogenesis related genes, predicted insertion sequences, genome islands and predicted CRISPRs sequences were demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide a complete genome sequence forBergeyellaspp.ConclusionsThis study provides fundamental phenotypic and genomic information for the newly identified fastidious infective endocarditis causative bacteria,B. cardium. Our results provide insights into effective clinical diagnosis and treatment of this pathogen.
Development and validation of a brief self-assessed wisdom scale
Authors: Fung Sai-fu , Chow Esther Oi-wah , Cheung Chau-kiu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
This longitudinal study aimed to develop a nine-item Brief Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (BSAWS) derived from the original 40-item Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS).

Methods
The psychometric properties of the shortened scale were evaluated based on a sample of 157 older adults. The factor structure and dimensionality of the original SAWS were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Subsequent explorative factor analysis of the BSAWS supported the construct validity of the shortened scale.

Results
The internal consistency, convergent validity and construct validity of the shortened scale were also evaluated and the results indicated that the BSAWS possesses good psychometric properties and is comparable with the full version.

Conclusions
This scale refinement may help researchers and practitioners conduct epistemological surveys or clinical research related to wisdom.
Novel PAK3 gene missense variant associated with two Chinese siblings with intellectual disability: a case report
Authors: Qian Yanyan , Wu Bingbing , Lu Yulan , Zhou Wenhao , Wang Sujuan , Wang Huijun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Intellectual disability (ID) constitutes the most common group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Exome sequencing has enabled the discovery of genetic mutations responsible for a wide range of ID disorders.

Case presentation
In this study, we reported on two male siblings, aged 4 and 2 years, with motor and mental developmental delays and mild dysmorphic facial features. To identify the genetic causes of these symptoms, we employed trio-whole exome sequencing for the proband. We found a novel hemizygous missense variant in the PAK3 gene (c.1112G > A, p.Cys371Tyr), which encodes the p21-activated kinase 3, in the proband, which inherited from mother. The younger brother also has the hemizygous variant, which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The variant is located in the kinase domain and was regarded as a likely pathogenic variant in this family.

Conclusion
We diagnosed two male siblings with developmental delays as having a PAK3 likely pathogenic variant. This finding expands the list of PAK3 gene mutations associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and provides further details on its clinical features.
Association of IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms with susceptibility to pseudoexfoliation syndrome, pseudoexfoliative and primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Fakhraie Ghasem , Parvini Farshid , Ghanavi Jalaledin , Saif Shima , Farnia Poopak 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe involvement of cytokines in pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation syndrome and glaucoma has been demonstrated in several studies. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between three promoter polymorphisms −592C/A (rs1800872), − 819C/T (rs1800871) and -1082A/G (rs1800896) of interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene with susceptibility to pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX), pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG), and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsIn this study, 114 PEX, 118 PEXG, 114 POAG patients and 126 healthy individuals from Iranian population were participated. Detailed ophthalmic examinations by an ophthalmologist including slit-lamp bio-microscopic examination, dilated examination of the lens, gonioscopy, and funduscopy were carried out on patients and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples and ARMS–PCR was performed to detect promoter polymorphisms of IL-10.ResultsIn all three SNPs studied, there was a significant difference in the genotype distribution between patients and control subjects. Results revealed that the AA genotype of IL-10 -592C/A SNP is associated with PEX. However, TT genotype of −819C/T and AA genotype of -1082A/G SNP are significantly associated with susceptibility to either PEX or PEXG and POAG disorders. Furthermore, the ACC haplotype containing the IL-10 -1082A allele was associated with PEX (P = 0.02, OR = 5.76, 95% CI = 5.17–24.49), PEXG (P = 0.006, OR = 7.54, 95% CI = 6.62–30.76) and POAG (P = 0.003, OR = 8.11, 95% CI = 7.13–33.15).ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to PEX, PEXG and POAG in Iranian population. Considering the fact that IL-10 polymorphisms are associated with various IL-10 expressions, further research is needed to explain its involvement in these disorders and the formation of extracellular fibrillar amyloid deposits in PEX and PEXG.
Factors influencing adoption of facility-assisted delivery - a qualitative study of women and other stakeholders in a Maasai community in Ngorongoro District, Tanzania
Authors: Mosley Paul D. , Saruni Kisiaya , Lenga Bernadetha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Tanzania’s One Plan II health sector program aims to increase facility deliveries from 50 to 80% from 2015 to 2020. Success is uneven among certain Maasai pastoralist women in Northern Tanzania who robustly prefer home births to facility births even after completing 4+ ANC visits. Ebiotishu Oondomonok Ongera (EbOO) is a program in Nainokanoka ward to promote facility births through a care-group model using trained traditional birth attendants (TBAs) as facilitators. Results to date are promising but show a consistent gap between women completing ANC and those going to a facility for delivery. A qualitative study was conducted to understand psychosocial preferences, agency for decision-making, and access barriers that influence where a woman in the ward will deliver.

Methods
In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and key-informant interviews were conducted with 24 pregnant and/or parous women, 24 TBAs, 3 nurse midwives at 3 health facilities, and 24 married men, living in Nainokanoka ward. Interviews and discussions were transcribed, translated, and analyzed thematically using a grounded theory approach.

Results
Most women interviewed expressed preference for a home birth with a TBA and even those who expressed agency and preference for a facility birth usually had their last delivery at home attributed to unexpected labor. TBAs are engaged by husbands and play a significant influential role in deciding place of delivery. TBAs report support for facility deliveries but in practice use them as a last resort, and a significant trust gap was documented based on a bad experience at a facility where women in labor were turned away.

Conclusions
EbOO project data and study results show a slow but steady change in norms around delivery preference in Nainokanoka ward. Gaps between expressed intention and practice, especially around ‘unexpected labor’ present opportunities to accelerate this process by promoting birth plans and perhaps constructing a maternity waiting house in the ward. Rebuilding trust between facility midwives, TBAs, and the community on the availability of health facility services, and increased sensitivity to women’s cultural preferences, could also close the gap between the number of women who are currently using facilities for ANC and those returning for delivery.