bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ant sampling: the importance of pitfall trap depth as a bias factor
Authors: Jiménez‐Carmona Francisco , Carpintero Soledad , Reyes‐López Joaquín Luís 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWhen sampling with pitfall traps, possible bias factors should be considered. In this study we compare traps of two depths. The results show that, on average, deeper traps captured more ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and higher numbers of workers, and that the relative abundances of the species were different depending on the depth of the trap, regardless of the type of habitat.
Replication crisis or an opportunity to improve scientific production?
Authors: Frias‐Navarro Dolores , Pascual‐Llobell Juan , Pascual‐Soler Marcos , Perezgonzalez Jose , Berrios‐Riquelme Jose 
Published: August 2020

AbstractScience is undergoing a crisis that has been referred to, since the early 21st century, as a crisis of confidence and a crisis of replication. This article reviews questions pertaining to the replication crisis; questions addressing the quality and credibility of the sciences; specifically, questions linked to what are known as false positives, null results, and questionable research practices (p‐hacking, harking, cherry‐picking). As an outcome of our review and analysis, a set of recommendations to strengthen the elaboration of reliable and valid research studies is provided. Changes are needed in order to foment meta‐research, open science practices and replication studies; notably, changes are needed in the instruction of research methods; in the use and interpretation of statistical data, as well as in research culture in general. We conclude that the replication crisis presents an opportunity to improve research practices and the quality of scientific production in all fields of research, including research in education.
Analysing hope: The live possibility account
Authors: Palmqvist Carl‐Johan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe orthodox definition of hope suffers from an exclusion problem: it is unable to exclude subjects without hope. In fact, the orthodox definition even allows for despair to be falsely classified as hope. This problem suggests two basic desiderata for a successful analysis of hope: it should solve the exclusion problem, and it should have the resources to explain why, in a given situation, a subject does or does not form a hope. Bearing these desiderata in mind, I assess two recent hope‐accounts offered by Jack M. C. Kwong and Cheshire Calhoun. I then offer my own view, which is based on the Jamesian notion of a “live possibility”. I suggest that a possibility needs to reach a certain probability threshold in order to count as live, and according to my account, to hope is to desire the truth of such a live possibility. This view is well‐equipped to solve the exclusion problem, and it can explain why a subject does or does not hope.
Evaluating the validity of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C+) in adults with severe dental anxiety
Authors: Svensson Lisa , Hakeberg Magnus , Wide Ulla 
Published: August 2020

Dental anxiety is a common condition with severe consequences for oral health and health‐related quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the recently developed self‐report scale Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C+) in adults with severe dental anxiety. A sample of 147 adults (age 20–71 yr) with severe dental anxiety completed a questionnaire including the IDAF‐4C+ and three other dental anxiety scales. In a clinically assessed subgroup (n = 93), 95% had an International classification of diseases and related health problems 10th version (ICD‐10) diagnosis of specific phobia for dentistry. Agreement between the scales was analysed using Spearman’s correlation, the Kappa measure of agreement and the intraclass correlation coefficient. The agreement of dental phobia according to the IDAF‐4C+ phobia module and the ICD‐10 was very low (ĸ = 0.02). The anxiety and fear module of the IDAF‐4C+ showed acceptable agreement with the other scales (rs 0.69–0.75; ICC 0.90, 95% CI 0.87–0.93). We conclude that the IDAF‐4C+ offers more information to clinicians and researchers than the older dental anxiety scales, but the phobia module needs further development.
Blood biomarkers predictive of epilepsy after an acute stroke event
Authors: Abraira Laura , Santamarina Estevo , Cazorla Sonia , Bustamante Alejandro , Quintana Manuel , Toledo Manuel , Fonseca Elena , Grau‐López Laia , Jiménez Marta , Ciurans Jordi , Luis Becerra Juan , Millán Mónica , Hernández‐Pérez María , Cardona Pere , Terceño Mikel , Zaragoza Josep , Cánovas David , Gasull Teresa , Ustrell Xavier , Rubiera Marta , Castellanos Mar , Montaner Joan , Álvarez‐Sabín Jose 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveBlood biomarkers have not been widely investigated in poststroke epilepsy. In this study, we aimed to describe clinical factors and biomarkers present during acute stroke and analyze their association with the development of epilepsy at long term.MethodsA panel of 14 blood biomarkers was evaluated in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Biomarkers were normalized and standardized using Z‐scores. Stroke and epilepsy‐related variables were also assessed: stroke severity, determined by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, stroke type and cause, time from stroke to onset of late seizures, and type of seizure. Multiple Cox regression models were used to identify clinical variables and biomarkers independently associated with epilepsy.ResultsFrom a cohort of 1115 patients, 895 patients were included. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 72.0 ± 13.1 years, and 57.8% of patients were men. Fifty‐one patients (5.7%) developed late seizures, with a median time to onset of 232 days (interquartile range [IQR] 86‐491). NIHSS score ≥8 (P < .001, hazard ratio [HR] 4.013, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.123‐7.586) and a history of early onset seizures (P < .001, HR 4.038, 95% CI 1.802‐9.045) were factors independently associated with a risk of developing epilepsy. Independent blood biomarkers predictive of epilepsy were high endostatin levels >1.203 (P = .046, HR 4.300, 95% CI 1.028‐17.996) and low levels of heat shock 70 kDa protein‐8 (Hsc70) <2.496 (P = .006, HR 3.795, 95% CI 1.476‐9.760) and S100B <1.364 (P = .001, HR 2.955, 95% CI 1.534‐5.491). The risk of epilepsy when these biomarkers were combined increased to 17%. The area under the receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the predictive model was stronger when clinical variables were combined with blood biomarkers (74.3%, 95% CI 65.2%‐83.3%) than when they were used alone (68.9%, 95% CI 60.3%‐77.6%).SignificanceDownregulated S100B and Hsc70 and upregulated endostatin may assist in prediction of poststroke epilepsy and may provide additional information to clinical risk factors. In addition, these data are hypothesis‐generating for the epileptogenic process.
Anthropogenic noise affects female, not male house wren response to change in signaling network
Authors: Grabarczyk Erin E. , Araya‐Salas Marcelo , Vonhof Maarten J. , Gill Sharon A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVocal signals mediate social relationships, and among networks of territorial animals, information is often shared via broadcast vocalizations. Anthropogenic noise may disrupt communication among individuals within networks, as animals change the way they vocalize in noise. Furthermore, constraints on signal transmission, including frequency masking and distance, may affect information exchange following a disruption in social networks. We tested the hypothesis that signaling interactions within networks of breeding male and female house wrens (Troglodytes aedon) depend on distance, ambient noise, and receiver nesting stage. We used playback experiments to simulate territorial intrusions with and without noise playbacks on the territories of established males and simultaneously recorded the vocal responses of neighbors. To examine whether intrusions impacted interactions between males, we used randomization tests to determine whether treatment, distance, noise, or nesting stage affected vocal coordination between challenged and neighboring males. We also quantified singing patterns to explore whether intrusions on territories of challenged males affected singing by males and females on neighboring territories. Males sang at the lowest rates and were less likely to overlap songs with the challenged male when their partner was laying, compared to males during early and late nesting stages. Noise and distance did not affect vocal coordination or male singing rates. Fewer females sang during the intruder‐only treatment compared to the control and intrusions with noise. Added noise in the territories of challenged males may have masked signals, and as a result, females only changed their behavior during the intruder‐only treatment. Our results suggest that the fertility of breeding partners may be more important to males than short‐term changes on rival male territories. Elevated noise did little to alter male responses to threats within networks. Females appeared to eavesdrop on interactions involving neighboring males, but noise may have prevented detection of their interactions.
Evaluating the role of endogenous and exogenous features on larval hake nutritional condition
Authors: Diaz Marina V. , Do Souto Marina , Betti Paola , Temperoni Brenda , Schiariti Agustín , Machinandiarena Laura , Brown Daniel R. , Macchi Gustavo J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEvaluating the nutritional condition of fish larvae is imperative to establish the importance of starvation, understanding the causes of larval mortality and determining favorable zones for growth and survival within nursery areas. We assessed the nutritional condition ofMerluccius hubbsilarvae employing RNA/DNA index (sRD)and its derived index of growth performance (Gpf). Larvae (N = 395) were collected during the reproductive peak in 2010 and 2011. Principal Component Analysis and Generalized Linear Models were used to study the relationship between larval condition and endogenous factors (size, weight, growth rate, trophic incidence, and carbon content per stomach) and exogenous variables (temperature, chlorophyll concentration, potential prey availability, ctenophore biomass, and hake larvae density). The year of sampling was also considered as a variable. The significant variables in the model selection were size, temperature, the density of hake larvae, and year. The larval size was positively related to the condition while larval density and temperature showed a negative relationship with thesRDindex. The year was also a significant variable, with higher larvalsRDvalues in 2010. The negative relationship betweensRDand larval density suggests the existence of mechanisms of density‐dependence operating upon larval condition. On the other hand, the lower temperatures occurred in stratified waters (with greater availability of food) a fact that might explain the negative relationship betweensRDand temperature. The fitting of the models suggests that other explanatory variables might be considered to improve the understanding of the nutritional condition index nature.
The role of connectivity in the interplay between climate change and the spread of alien fish in a large Mediterranean river
Authors: Radinger Johannes , García‐Berthou Emili 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how global change and connectivity will jointly modify the distribution of riverine species is crucial for conservation biology and environmental management. However, little is known about the interaction between climate change and fragmentation and how movement barriers might impede native species from adjusting their distributions versus limit the further spread of alien species. In this study, we modelled the current and future distributions of 11 native and five alien fishes in the large and heavily fragmented Ebro River, located within the Mediterranean region, which has many freshwater endemics severely threatened by global change. We considered 10 climate change models and five modelling algorithms and assessed the effects of connectivity on the accessibility of future suitable habitats. Thereby, we identify most conflict‐prone river reaches, that is, where barriers pose a particular trade‐off between isolating and negatively impacting native species versus potentially reducing the risk of alien species spread. Our results projected upstream habitat shifts for the vast majority of the species. Climate change affected species differently, with alien species generally showing larger habitat gains compared to natives. Most pronounced distributional changes (i.e. losses of native species and gains of alien species) and compositional turnover might be expected in the lower and mid reaches of large tributaries of the Ebro River. The role of anthropogenic barriers in this context is often ambiguous but rather unfavourable, as they not only restrict native fishes but also alter stream habitats and flow conditions. However, with our spatial modelling framework, we could identify specific river reaches where the connectivity trade‐off in the context of climate change is particularly relevant. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of the complex effects that climate change, riverine connectivity and alien species are expected to impose on river communities and the urgent need to adapt management strategies accordingly.
Pasture production, persistence of legumes and lamb growth in summer‐dry hill pastures
Authors: Gultekin Yunus , Filley Shelby J. , Smallman Mary A. , Hannaway David B. , Ates Serkan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPasture legumes that persist under challenging agroecological conditions are crucial to ensure high lamb growth rates in dryland pastures. Pasture and lamb production from binary and diverse mixtures (Mix) of tall fescue (TF) with white clover (Whc), balansa clover (Bc), subterranean clover (Sc) and birdsfoot trefoil (Bft) were compared in a summer‐dry hill site in Corvallis, Oregon over a two‐year period. In 2018, all pasture combinations provided similar lamb liveweight gains (LWG, mean 177 g/day) in the first half of spring. Lambs in TF‐Bc and TF‐Mix pastures grew 31 to 41 g/day faster than those grazing TF‐Sc, TF‐Whc and TF‐Bft in the second half of spring (p < .05). Overall, TF‐Bc and TF‐Mix had higher (p < .05) legume contents (32% and 37% respectively) compared to other pasture combinations. In spring 2019, lambs that grazed the TF‐Mix and TF‐Whc pastures had higher LWG than those on other pastures (p < .05). The superior lamb growth rates were associated with the higher legume content and pasture quality maintained into the late spring period. Overall, the legume content of all pastures decreased over the course of the two‐year trial, with the decline being substantial for balansa clover. The present study confirmed that a high legume content of pastures leads to greater lamb growth rates. Total annual yields of pastures that had greater legume contents were superior to others (p < .05). Thus, a combination of self‐regenerating annual clovers with perennial legumes in pasture mixtures may ensure a higher legume content and longer persistence in dryland hill pastures.
Impact of home‐ and community‐based services in the long‐term care insurance system on outcomes of patients with acute heart failure: Insights from the Kitakawachi Clinical Background and Outcome of Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Takabayashi Kensuke , Fujita Ryoko , Iwatsu Kotaro , Ikeda Tsutomu , Morikami Yuko , Ichinohe Tahei , Yamamoto Takashi , Takenaka Kotoe , Okuda Miyuki , Nakajima Osamu , Koito Hitoshi , Terasaki Yuka , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Kitaguchi Shouji , Nohara Ryuji 
Published: August 2020

AimIn Japan, the long‐term care insurance (LTCI) system is important for elderly people living at home; however, no clinical studies have revealed a relationship between home‐ or community‐based services and outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter cohort study of patients with AHF enrolled between April 2015 and August 2017. Patients aged ≥65 years with LTCI were divided into those receiving home‐ and community‐based services (service users) and without home and community‐based services (service non‐users). The endpoint was defined as a composite endpoint, which included all‐cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure after discharge. Subgroup analyses were performed for elderly patients (<85 years) or super‐elderly patients (≥85 years).ResultsThe study participants were eligible for LTCI two times more than community‐dwelling people were. At the 1‐year follow‐up period, the rate of the composite endpoint showed no significant difference between service users and service non‐users among all patients or super‐elderly patients. However, in elderly patients, the rate of the composite endpoint was significantly lower among service users than service non‐users. The difference was independently maintained even after adjustments for differences in comorbidities or in social backgrounds (adjusted hazard ratio 0.62; 95% confidence interval 0.38–0.99, and adjusted hazard ratio 0.57; 95% confidence interval 0.35–0.90, respectively).ConclusionsIn this study, adverse events following discharge of patients with AHF who used home‐ and community‐based services were prevented only in elderly patients, not in super‐elderly patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 967–973.
Organisational Justice and Police Job Involvement in Haryana, India
Authors: QURESHI HANIF , LAMBERT ERIC G. , FRANK JAMES 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh job involvement has been shown to result in many favourable outcomes, including higher job satisfaction, increased work performance, and improved life satisfaction. Organisational justice, which includes the concepts of distributive and procedural justice, refers to the perception that the employing organisation treats employees in a fair and just manner. This study used survey data from 827 police officers from the Indian state of Haryana to explore how distributive and procedural justice affect job involvement. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis indicated that both components of procedural justice (promotions and evaluations) were positively related to, and significant predictors of, job involvement; however, distributive justice did not have a significant effect in the multivariate analysis. We examine the policy implications of these findings towards achieving the ends of improved organisational performance.
Unpacking Harm: Correctional Officer Framing of Sex Offenders and Protective Custody
Authors: RICCIARDELLI ROSEMARY 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe experiences of persons convicted or charged with sex‐related offences are informed by trends in how the sex offender population in society is defined and understood. I draw on data from in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 100 Canadian provincial correctional officers to explore the harms tied to the framing of sex offenders in prison, including those embedded in institutional structures. I conceptualise how correctional officers understand sex offenders and how the structures in place to ‘protect’ those labelled as sex offenders are, unintentionally, harmful in their own right. I argue that officers rely on evolving strategies of risk mitigation that they must understand, develop, and learn in the prison context. Emphasis is placed on possible policy or needs that may assist in recognising how ‘protective custody’ may simply be lip service to further stigmatise an already marginalised population.
A meta‐analysis of customer engagement behaviour
Authors: Barari Mojtaba , Ross Mitchell , Thaichon Sara , Surachartkumtonkun Jiraporn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCustomer engagement behaviour has emerged as an influential concept in marketing and refers to customers' behavioural manifestation towards a firm originating from motivational drivers. To provide a comprehensive and generalisable picture of this concept, this study provides a meta‐analysis integrating data of 196 effect sizes of 184 publications with a sample of 146,380. The findings reveal engagement through two pathways: organic pathway as relationship‐oriented (perceived quality, perceived value and relationship quality) and promoted pathway as firm‐initiated (functional and experiential initiatives). Moderator analysis indicates that the influence of the two pathways on engagement depends on engagement context (online vs. offline), industry type (service vs. manufacturing) and product type (hedonic vs. utilitarian) and cultural context. Findings support attitudinal engagement–loyalty and behavioural engagement–firm performance linkage. Study results provide new insight into various engagement approaches and their relationship to each other. The authors offer recommendations to help marketers manage their customer engagement process more effectively.
Interest of the cellular population data analysis as an aid in the early diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Vasse Marc , Ballester Marie‐Christine , Ayaka Degnile , Sukhachev Dmitry , Delcominette Frédérique , Habarou Florence , Jolly Emilie , Sukhacheva Elena , Pascreau Tiffany , Farfour Éric 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is characterized by a high contagiousness requiring isolation measures. At this time, diagnosis is based on the positivity of specific RT‐PCR and/or chest computed tomography scan, which are time‐consuming and may delay diagnosis. Complete blood count (CBC) can potentially contribute to the diagnosis of COVID‐19. We studied whether the analysis of cellular population data (CPD), provided as part of CBC‐Diff analysis by the DxH 800 analyzers (Beckman Coulter), can help to identify SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsCellular population data of the different leukocyte subpopulations were analyzed in 137 controls, 322 patients with proven COVID‐19 (COVID+), and 285 patients for whom investigations were negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID−). When CPD of COVID+ were different from controls and COVID− patients, we used receiver operating characteristic analysis to test the discriminating capacity of the individual parameters. Using a random forest classifier, we developed the algorithm based on the combination of 4 monocyte CPD to discriminate COVID+ from COVID− patients. This algorithm was tested prospectively in a series of 222 patients referred to the emergency unit.ResultsAmong the 222 patients, 86 were diagnosed as COVID‐19 and 60.5% were correctly identified using the discriminating protocol. Among the 136 COVID− patients, 10.3% were misclassified (specificity 89.7%, sensitivity 60.5%). False negatives were observed mainly in patients with a low inflammatory state whereas false positives were mainly seen in patients with sepsis.ConclusionConsideration of CPD could constitute a first step and potentially aid in the early diagnosis of COVID‐19.