bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation into BIM-based detailed cost estimating and drivers to the adoption of BIM in quantity surveying practices
Authors: Babatunde Solomon Olusola , Perera Srinath , Ekundayo Damilola , Adeleye Tolulope Esther 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Although studies have shown the relevance of building information modeling (BIM) in cost estimating process, efforts at investigating BIM based detailed cost estimating among professional quantity surveyors through quantitative approach are scanty. The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the usage of BIM-based detailed cost estimating software and assesses the drivers to BIM adoption within the Nigerian quantity surveying consulting firms.

Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive literature review, pilot study and questionnaire survey were adopted. The survey targeted both the BIM users and non- BIM users’ quantity surveying consulting firms in Lagos, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean score, standard deviation, Mann–Whitney test and factor analysis.

Findings
The study found that 46.58 per cent of quantity surveying consulting firms are aware of BIM and have adopted it for detailed cost estimating, while 49.32 per cent of quantity surveying consulting firms are aware but have not adopted BIM-based detailed cost estimating, and 4.10 per cent of quantity surveying consulting firms are not aware at all. Also, the study identified various BIM-based detailed cost estimating software used in quantity surveying practices and found that Microsoft Excel is often used alongside 3D software, Autodesk QTO, Navisworks, Innovaya Composer and CostX are prevalent BIM software used for detailed cost estimating. In addition, the study identified 21 drivers to the adoption of BIM in quantity surveying practices. The result of factor analysis grouped the 21 identified drivers into five principal factors: improved whole lifecycle/design quality, enhanced decision and visualization, cost and time saving, marketing and support for quantity surveyor tasks and government and client pressure.

Practical implications
This study provides significant insight into the application of BIM to quantity surveying consulting practices, thereby enabling consultant quantity surveyors to make informed decisions to select BIM cost estimating software to suit their practices. Further, the study findings can be useful for individuals’, clients’ and contractors’ quantity surveyors to be fully aware of the opportunities BIM could bring in relation to their service delivery.

Originality/value
Accurate cost estimating, effective cost monitoring and control are essential elements to a construction project success. This study further emphasized the importance of BIM to quantity surveying practices, particularly in the area of the detailed cost estimating.
Embedded opportunities and conflict of subsidiary initiatives
Authors: Ahworegba Akiebe Humphrey , Colovic Ana 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance understanding of why subsidiary initiative opportunities face constant opposition, despite being essential to the competitiveness of international organizations. The paper also develops a detailed theoretical framework to showcase the conflicts and opportunities created by subsidiary initiatives, as most research in this field is descriptive and comparative.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws substantially on entrepreneurship, agency, contingency and institutional theories, and focuses on the conflict generated by subsidiary initiatives in the context of headquarters–subsidiaries relationships, including the impact of developed and emerging markets. Based on a thorough analysis of the literature, the paper’s conceptual approach aims to develop models of how MNC networks deal with subsidiary initiatives.FindingsThe findings indicate that subsidiary initiative opportunities face opposition from both the organization and its environment.Originality/valueThe paper builds conceptual models showing the network of opportunities and conflicts created by subsidiary initiatives.
Financial fraud contagion through board interlocks: the contingency of status
Authors: Jiang Yusi , Zhao Yapu 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the implications of the relative status between two interlocking firms for financial fraud or non-fraud contagion through interlock ties.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a sample of publicly listed firms in China over a ten-year period from 2005 to 2014. Data are collected from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research Database.FindingsThis study finds that non-fraud behaviors of lower-status partners inhibit fraud behaviors of the focal firm, whereas their fraud behaviors have no effect on the focal firm. In contrast, fraud behaviors of higher-status partners facilitate fraud behaviors of the focal firm, whereas their non-fraud behaviors have no effect on the focal firm.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights to the misconduct contagion literature by considering firms’ status differential as an important factor that governs the contagion process of fraud or non-fraud behaviors in board interlocks. It combines role theory and the contagion literature by studying the influence of the match between the status-based role expectations and practices of interlocking firm on the focal firm’s decision to engage in the same type of practice.
Children’s relationships with brands: intergenerational and transgressions
Authors: Chaudhary Monica , Lopez Alberto , Rodriguez Rachel 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand and explore how young children relate to brands. The paper specifically attempts to explore their favourite and everyday brands with which they interact, understand the phenomenon of intergenerational transfer of brands, and study how child consumers experience and cope with brand transgressions.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative study where 20 in-depth interviews were conducted among young Indian children in the age-group of 8–12 years. For data analysis “iterative method” is used. Inspiration was taken from Spiggle’s (1994), Ereaut’s (2002) and Holt and Thompson (2004).

Findings
Children’s relationships with brands are mainly characterised by four categories: their favourite brands, everyday brands, intergenerational brands and brand transgressions. Children’s favourite brands can be categorised in fantasy, yummy, identity construction, social bonding, technology and trusted brands. Parents have a big influence on kids’ lives leading to intergenerational brand-transfer. Children consumers also reveal having experience brand transgressions, more importantly, they also show signs of brand forgiveness.

Originality/value
This qualitative study has addressed the pressing need to understand child understands of brands. This is one of the very few empirical studies that have investigated child consumer behaviour regarding their association with brands.
Instantly upgrading a foreign subsidiary’s value-adding scope: impact on growth
Authors: Pehrsson Anders , Pehrsson Andreas 
Published: December 2019

PurposeDrawing on the knowledge-based theory, the purpose of this paper is to extend the current understanding of a company’s upgrading of a foreign subsidiary’s value-adding scope and its impact on growth.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies a longitudinal approach and analyses the value-adding scopes of the subsidiaries of two Swedish industrial companies in the USA, resulting in a proposed model.FindingsGreater adaptation of the corporate competitive strategy is linked to a greater likelihood of upgrading the subsidiary’s scope to include R&D and production activities. Also, market experience of the subsidiary is positively associated with this likelihood. The greater the coherence between the scope and knowledge originating from the local adaptation of the corporate competitive strategy and the subsidiary’s market experience, the greater the growth of the subsidiary.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the literature on international business and strategy in several ways. Future studies may turn the propositions into hypotheses for statistical tests.Practical implicationsAn industrial company striving for the growth of a foreign subsidiary must assess subsidiary knowledge pertaining to value-adding. To achieve high growth, the subsidiary’s value-adding scope must be aligned with knowledge stemming from the corporate competitive strategy and market experience.Originality/valueThis is the first study explicitly explaining the crucial upgrading of a foreign subsidiary’s value-adding scope to include R&D and production. Coherence between an upgraded scope and crucial knowledge explains the subsidiary’s growth.
A More Efficient Method for Synthetic Textile Fiber Analysis Using Polarized Light Microscopy
Authors: Reffner John A. , Kammrath Brooke W. , Kaplan Samuel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe efficiency of conventional polarized light microscopy (PLM) methods for analyzing synthetic fiber evidence analyses is improved. Historically, using PLM for fiber identification relied on measuring refractive index. This prior PLM technology is reliable, but it is not efficient. Most fibers are optically anisotropic, having two principal refractive index values, N(High) and N(Low). When the fiber is mounted in intermediate refractive index medium, efficiency is improved by observing the change in contrast while the polarized light’s vector is rotated relative to the fiber’s axis. Minimum contrast occurs when the refractive indices of the mounting medium and fiber are equal. This angle of equality is determined by orienting the fiber’s highest refractive index parallel to the polarized light’s electric field vector, rotating the fiber or polarizing element, observing minimum contrast and measuring the angle of equality. This method is rapid, reduces remounting fibers in different mounting media and provides a quantitative measure for fiber comparisons.
Lymphoedema rates in pedicled anterolateral thigh flaps for coverage of irradiated groin defects
Authors: Fuzzard Sibon K. , Mah Eldon , Choong Peter F. M. , Grinsell Damien 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLimb salvage surgery in conjunction with adjuvant radiotherapy is the preferred treatment for soft tissue sarcoma. This study aims to determine if ipsilateral pedicled anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap reconstruction of groin defects post soft tissue sarcoma resection results in acceptable rates of lymphoedema, while also providing good soft tissue cover and minimal donor site morbidity.MethodsA retrospective chart audit was conducted with ethics approval, obtaining a case series of 16 patients operated on at a single institution by the senior surgeon. Patients who underwent ipsilateral pedicled ALT flap coverage of irradiated groin defects following soft tissue sarcoma resection were included. Comparative six‐point limb circumference measurements were utilized to diagnose lymphoedema, with a difference of 10% when compared to the non‐operative side being deemed significant.ResultsLymphoedema was noted in three patients (18.8%) with an average follow‐up period of 40.9 (range 8–59) months.ConclusionPreviously published lymphoedema rates in sarcoma limb salvage surgery of 15.5–30% are comparable to the rates obtained in this cohort. Lymphoedema rates do not appear to be higher in patients undergoing ipsilateral pedicled ALT flap reconstruction, thus making it a useful soft tissue coverage technique in this cohort.
Realities of offering advice to governments on CITES
Authors: Aylesworth Lindsay , Foster Sarah J. , Vincent Amanda C.J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhat happens when those who provide conservation advice are required to take policy and management action based on that advice? Conservation advocates and scientists often try to prompt regulatory change that has significant implications for government without facing the challenge of managing such change. Through a case study, we placed ourselves in the role of the government of Thailand, facing obligations to seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). These obligations include ensuring that its exports of seahorses do not damage wild populations. We applied a CITES‐approved framework (which we developed) to evaluate the risks of such exports to 2 seahorse species. We used the framework to evaluate the pressures that put wild populations of the species at risk; whether current management mitigates the risk or offsets these pressures; and whether the species is responding as hoped to management policy. We based our analysis on information in published and grey literature, local knowledge, citizen science data, results of government research, and expert opinion. To meet CITES obligations, exports of both species would need to be prohibited until more precautionary adaptive management emerged. The risk of any exports of Hippocampus trimaculatus was above a tolerable level because of a lack of appropriate management to mitigate risks. In contrast, the risk of any exports of Hippocampus kuda could become tolerable if monitoring were put in place to assess the species’ response to management. The process we developed for Authorities to determine risk in response to CITES guidelines was challenging to implement even without the need for government to consider social implications of conservation action. Despite the imperfections of our risk evaluation, however, it still served to support adaptive management. Conservationists need to keep implementation in mind when offering advice.
Fetal surgical intervention for myelomeningocele: lessons learned, outcomes, and future implications
Authors: Danzer Enrico , Joyeux Luc , Flake Alan W , Deprest Jan 
Published: December 2019

Fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) closure (spina bifida aperta) has become a care option for patients that meet inclusion criteria, but it is clear that fetal intervention, while improving outcomes, is not a cure. This review will: (1) focus on the rationale for fMMC surgery based on preclinical studies and observations that laid the foundation for human pilot studies and a randomized controlled trial; (2) summarize important clinical outcomes; (3) discuss the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of recent developments in fetal surgical techniques and approaches; and (4) highlight future research directions. Given the increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity associated with prenatal intervention, accompanied by the increasing number of centres performing interventions worldwide, teams involved in the care of these patients need to proceed with caution to maintain technical expertise, competency, and patient safety. Ongoing assessment of durability of the benefits of fMMC surgery, as well as additional refinement of patient selection criteria and counselling, is needed to further improve outcomes and reduce the risks to the mother and fetus.What this paper addsHigh‐quality prospective studies are needed to broaden the indication for fetal surgery in the general myelomeningocele population.Innovative minimally invasive approaches have had promising results, yet lack comprehensive and robust experimental or clinical evaluation.Important information to help families make informed decisions regarding fetal surgery for myelomeningocele is provided.
Right ventricular mechanics and exercise capacity in patients with microvascular angina: The impact of microvascular function
Authors: Mahfouz Ragab A. , Gouda Mohammad , Arab Mohamed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe planned to assess the right ventricular mechanics in subjects with typical chest pain and angiographically normal coronary arteries (microvascular angina [MVA]) and to search for an association between right ventricular mechanics, coronary flow reserve, and exercise tolerance.MethodsSeventy‐one patients with MVA (mean age of 48.5 ± 7.9 years, 63% female) and 30 healthy control subjects were recruited. Right ventricular mechanics were calculated utilizing speckle tracking imaging. The exercise capacity was assessed by metabolic equivalents (METs). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was calculated as the ratio between hyperemic (in response to intravenous adenosine) diastolic peak flow velocity and the basal diastolic peak velocity.ResultsCoronary flow reserve (a surrogate marker of microvascular dysfunction) was diminished in MVA patients compared with the control group (2.41 ± 0.35 vs 3.35 ± 0.5; P < .03). Patients with lower right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) and right ventricular global longitudinal strain rate (RVGLSr) had a considerably lower CFR (P < .001) and a significantly lower MET (P < .001) than patients with normal RV mechanics. Right ventricular global longitudinal strain and RVGLSr were significantly correlated with both CFR and METs in subjects with MVA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that RVGLS ≤ −14.5 was the best cutoff value for the prediction of impaired exercise tolerance in patients with MVA.ConclusionWe suggested that impaired right ventricular mechanics in subjects with microvascular angina was associated with reduced exercise capacity. Moreover, right ventricular mechanics is significantly correlated with coronary flow reserve. Henceforth, right ventricular mechanics might be of value for both risk stratification and follow‐up in cases with microvascular dysfunction.
Trust, regulation, and contracting institutions
Authors: Cline Brandon N. , Williamson Claudia R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that trust directly influences contracting efficiency. We document that trust reduces demand for contract regulation and positively relates to a high‐quality contracting environment, supporting a substitution hypothesis. Furthermore, contract regulation no longer leads to poor contracting outcomes. These findings suggest that lack of trust significantly explains inefficient contracting institutions. Based on interaction effects, we note that trust could complement formal enforcement in countries with weak regulation. As regulation increases, trust substitutes for contract regulation. Overall, trust positively promotes efficient contracting by reducing burdensome regulation and providing an alternative to formal contract enforcement.
Regional patterns of pastoralist migrations under the push of reduced precipitation in imperial China
Authors: Pei Qing , Li Guodong , Winterhalder Bruce P. , Lowman Margaret 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimAs a response of pastoralists to climate change, nomadic migration deeply shaped Chinese history during the imperial era. Existing research on climate‐driven nomadic migration is conducted mainly on a national–continental scale. To advance the current work, we aim to resolve migratory movements at a provincial–regional scale using a large and long‐term historical dataset as a first attempt. The spatio‐temporal features of nomadic migration under climatic effects, specifically precipitation, are analysed in the theoretical context of behavioural ecology.LocationChina.TimeImperial era (220 BC–1910 AD).Study subjectNomadic pastoralist minorities in imperial China.MethodsWe frame the analysis using an ideal free distribution model. A total of 1,842 historical location records of pastoralist immigration are empirically examined. Precipitation anomalies and nomadic migration are statistically assessed with nonparametric and Poisson regression methods, and temporal interdependencies among provincial–regional migratory movements are explored with a vector autoregressive model.ResultsWe divide imperial China into six regions according to statistical results and geographic factors. Overall, decreased precipitation and drought provoked pastoralist migrations in a north‐to‐south direction. Northern nomads, with an apparent preference for central China as a major destination, triggered the most conflicts with resident agriculturalists. Nomads originating from the Tibetan minority regions moved north‐eastward into Qinghai Province as their main destination.Main conclusionsLong‐term regional patterns of pastoralist migration are closely associated with drought‐induced ecological change in imperial China. Climate‐driven dynamics assessed with long‐term historical data facilitate the understanding of climate–ecology–society interactions in behavioural ecology and macroecology. Moreover, findings from imperial China may imply that cultural acceptance and communications could avoid conflicts between immigrants and original residents when facing mass migration, an issue of growing contemporary urgency in many parts of the world.
DTSGUI: A Python Program to Process and Visualize Fiber‐Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing Data
Authors: Domanski Marian , Quinn Daven , Day‐Lewis Frederick D. , Briggs Martin A. , Werkema Dale , Lane John W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFiber‐optic distributed temperature sensing (FO‐DTS) has proven to be a transformative technology for the hydrologic sciences, with application to diverse problems including hyporheic exchange, groundwater/surface‐water interaction, fractured‐rock characterization, and cold regions hydrology. FO‐DTS produces large, complex, and information‐rich datasets. Despite the potential of FO‐DTS, adoption of the technology has been impeded by lack of tools for data processing, analysis, and visualization. New tools are needed to efficiently and fully capitalize on the information content of FO‐DTS datasets. To this end, we present DTSGUI, a public‐domain Python‐based software package for editing, parsing, processing, statistical analysis, georeferencing, and visualization of FO‐DTS data.
Nurse staffing models in medical‐surgical units of acute care settings: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Assaye Ashagre Molla , Wiechula Richard , Schultz Timothy J. , Feo Rebecca 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundNurse staffing models have been developed across different countries to address nursing shortages and improve quality of nursing care. However, there is no published study that describes nurse staffing models in Ethiopian hospitals.AimsTo describe the existing staffing models for nursing practice in acute care units of two hospitals (one public and one private) in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from July to December 2018. A self‐administered questionnaire was used to collect data such as shift patterns, hours worked, and number of patients cared for per shift. Unit‐level data on nurse staffing were collected using a checklist developed specifically for this study.ResultsFifty‐nine percent (59.9%) of participants reported that they worked six or seven days per week. On average, they worked 50 hours per week and 12% working over 60 hours per week. The number of patients they provided care for during their last shift ranged from four to 45 with an average of 13 patients.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that nurses working in acute care settings in Ethiopia are typically working more than 40 hours per week and caring for many patients per shift, which has the potential to impact patient safety.