bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief psychotherapy administered by non-specialised health workers to address risky substance use in inpatients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis: A feasibility and acceptability study
Authors: Calligaro Gregory Louis , De Wit Zani , Cirota Jacqui , Orrell Catherine , Myers Bronwyn , Decker.Sebastian@web.de Sebastian Decker , Stein Dan , Sorsdahl Katherine , Dawson Rodney 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Only 55% of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases worldwide complete treatment, with problem substance use a risk for default and treatment failure. Nevertheless, there is little research on psychotherapeutic interventions for reducing substance use among MDR-TB patients in general, and on their delivery by non-specialist health workers in particular. Objectives : To explore the feasibility and acceptability of a non-specialist health worker-delivered 4-session brief motivational interviewing and relapse prevention (MI-RP) intervention for problem substance use and to obtain preliminary data on the effects of this intervention on substance use severity, depressive symptoms, psychological distress and functional impairment at 3 months after hospital discharge. Methods : Between December 2015 and October 2016, consenting MDR-TB patients admitted to Brewelskloof Hospital who screened at moderate to severe risk for substance-related problems on the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were enrolled, and a baseline questionnaire administered. In the four weeks prior to planned discharge, trained counsellors delivered the MI-RP intervention. The baseline questionnaire was re-administered three-months post-discharge and qualitative interviews were conducted with a randomly selected sample of participants (n=10). Results : Sixty patients were screened: 40 (66%) met inclusion criteria of which 39 (98%) were enrolled. Of the enrolled patients, 26 (67%) completed the counselling sessions and the final assessment. Qualitative interviews revealed participants’ perceptions of the value of the intervention. From baseline to follow-up, patients reported reductions in substance use severity, symptoms of depression, distress and functional impairment. Conclusion : In this feasibility study, participant retention in the study was moderate. We found preliminary evidence supporting the benefits of the intervention for reducing substance use and symptoms of psychological distress, supported by qualitative reports of patient experiences. Randomised studies are needed to demonstrate efficacy of this intervention before considering potential for wider implementation. Trial registration : South African National Clinical Trials Register (DOH-27-0315-5007) on 01/04/2015 (http://www.sanctr.gov.za). Funding: National Institute for Drug Abuse (NIDA), AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG).
Rapid spread of mutant alleles in worldwide COVID-19 strains revealed by genome-wide SNP analysis
Authors: Zhu Zhenglin , Liu Gexin , Meng Kaiwen , Yang Liuqing , Meng Geng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a pandemic and is threatening human health globally. Here, we report 14 newly evolved COVID-19 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles those underwent a rapid increase (12 cases) or decrease (2 cases) in their frequency from between 10% and 50% in the last three months. The 14 SNPs are mostly (13/14) located in the coding region and are mainly (9/14) nonsynonymous substitutions. Out of the 14 SNPs, 12 SNPs showed a complete linkage in SNP pairs and clustered into 4 linkage groups, named LG_1 to LG_4. SNPs located in 514 and 27046 are independent events. Analyses in population genetics show that the increases in the new alleles result from genetic differentiation between Europe and America. We found that the mutants in LG_1 are driven by balancing selection and arose rapidly in Europe but not in America. The mutants in LG_2 and LG_3, also driven by balancing selection, arose rapidly in American but not in European strains. Based on analysis of geographic COVID-19 cases worldwide, we found that the mutants in LG_1 positively correlate the fatality rate of COVID-19 while those in LG_2 and LG_3 negatively correlate with the fatality rate. The correlations are statistically significant, suggesting that the virus strains possessing mutants in LG_1 are more aggressive, while those in LG_2 and LG_3 are in opposite. Further analysis revealed that mutants in LG_1 have been identified more frequently in European strains than in American strains, while mutants in LG_2 and LG_3 have been found more frequently in American strains. This may partially explain the higher fatality rates of COVID-19 infection in Italy, England and France, compared with the United States. These findings should be instructive for epidemiological surveys and disease control of COVID-19 in the future.
Nematicide efficacy at managing Meloidogyne arenaria and non-target effects on free-living nematodes in peanut production
Authors: Grabau Zane J. , Mauldin Mark D. , Habteweld Alemayehu , Carter Ethan T. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Meloidogyne arenaria (peanut root-knot nematode (PRKN)) is a major pest of peanut. Nematicide application is an important tool for the management of PRKN. Nematicides with minimal effects on free-living nematodes are desired. Fluopyram nematicide is recently introduced in peanut production and needs to be assessed. The objective of this research is to evaluate fluopyram and the established nematicides 1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) and aldicarb for efficacy at managing PRKN and impacts on free-living nematodes. Nematicides were evaluated in field studies in 2017 and 2018 conducted in commercial peanut fields. All nematicides increased peanut yield in 2017 compared with untreated control, but did not affect soil PRKN abundances or root galling. In 2018, PRKN infestation was too low to accurately assess PRKN management by nematicides. Aldicarb and fluopyram did not affect any free-living nematode trophic group or individual genera. In contrast, 1,3-D decreased total fungivore and fungivore genera Filenchus and Aphelenchus soil abundances, but did not affect bacterivores, omnivore-predators, total herbivores, or any other nematode genera. In summary, 1,3-D, but not aldicarb or fluopyram, had non-target effects on free-living nematodes, particularly fungivores.
Crystal chemistry and microfeatures of gadolinite imprinted by pegmatite formation and alteration evolution
Authors: Tomašić Nenad , Škoda Radek , Bermanec Vladimir , Šoufek Marin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGadolinite [REE2Fe2+Be2Si2O10] is a common mineral in certain types of rare element and rare earth element (REL-REE) pegmatites. Changes in pegmatite environment during and after gadolinite formation may be devised by studying its crystal-chemical properties and a thorough observation of microfeatures in the mineral matrix. Post-crystallization processes in pegmatite might trigger alteration mechanisms in gadolinite like in other REE-rich pegmatite minerals, whereby various late-magmatic or metasomatic events may aﬀect mineral chemistry. Three gadolinite samples originating from various pegmatite occurrences in southern Norway oﬀer an excellent opportunity in studying post-crystallization evolution of the pegmatites; by determining their crystallographic, chemical, and micro-textural features, imprints of the related processes in the pegmatites have been characterized in this study. Relevant mineral information was collected in recrystallization experiments of fully or slightly metamictized gadolinite samples and subsequent XRD analyses. Micro-Raman spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), and scanning electron microscope–backscattered electron–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-BSE-EDS) analyses were employed to retrieve micro-chemical properties and related micro-textural features of the mineral matrix. With a reference to the gadolinite supergroup, a general alteration path can be envisaged outlining the pegmatite evolution and suggesting the occurrence of the secondary REE mineral phases: altered gadolinite domains prove Ca enrichment with a tendency toward the hingganite composition, while a slight fluorine increase and sporadic secondary fluorite occurrence imply a significant role of fluorine as a complexing agent in the dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism of metasomatic alteration in the mineral. Micro-Raman spectra show improved vibration statistics for the altered gadolinite domains, which could be linked to the substitution of rare earth elements (REE) by Ca and a possible increase of structural ordering within the gadolinite structure, being at the same time an indication of structural healing of metamictized domains by metasomatic processes. A study of microfeatures in the complex silicates like gadolinite proves to be an excellent tool to trace post-crystallization processes in a pegmatitic environment. With a slight redistribution of radionuclides during an alteration in gadolinite, a moderate precaution has to be taken when selecting gadolinite for U-Th-Pb dating.
A new occurrence of corundum in eucrite and its significance
Authors: Li Jie-Ya , Zhang Ai-Cheng , Sakamoto Naoya , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Gu Li-Xin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The diversity of lithologies is an important proxy of internal evolution in differentiated planets and asteroids. The major lithologies in Vesta, based on the howardite-eucrite-diogenite clan meteorites, include basalt, gabbro, noritic orthopyroxenite, orthopyroxenite, dunite, harzburgite, and dacite. No other lithology has been reported up to date. In this study, we report a new occurrence of corundum in eucrite meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 8647. Three-dimensional petrographic observations reveal that the corundum grain occurs as a mineral inclusion in a highly deformed pyroxene fragment. The texture indicates that the corundum is not a contaminant. The corundum-associated pyroxenes have Fe-Mn compositions consistent with typical pyroxenes from howardite-eucrite-diogenite meteorites. We suggest that the corundum grain could be a xenocryst incorporated during the ascent of a basaltic magma. The results might indicate the presence of an Al-rich, Si-poor region, probably lithology in the interior of Vesta, implying that the evolution and internal structure should be much more complex than previously thought.
Reuse of manganese sulfate as raw material by recovery from pesticide's wastewater using nanofiltration and electro-electrodialysis: process simulation and analysis from actual data
Authors: Mejía Marchena Ricardo , Maturana Córdoba Aymer , Gomez Cerón Diego , Quintero Monroy Christian , Arismendy Montes Luis , Cardenas Perez Carlos 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Reuse of wastewater, as well as recovery of valuable, toxic or harmful products in industrial discharges, still represents an important issue, not only because it reduces the effect on receiving water bodies, but also because of the economic resources it represents for industry itself. In this research, in situ regeneration of Mn2SO4 is evaluated, for its reuse as the main raw material in the original process of a fungicide plant. The regeneration is evaluated by selective recovery of Mn2+, Zn2+ and SO4= present in the wastewater produced by the industrial plant, and utilizing nanofiltration, electro-electrodialysis and chemical precipitation as separation alternatives. Each alternative was designed and evaluated technically and economically through simulations in Aspen Plus®, with data and information of the real process supplied by the company. Because zinc concentration is relatively low, its selective recovery was not attractive. The resulting Mn2SO4 solution and treated water quality in conventional alternatives were significantly poor with high costs. In contrast, nanofiltration and electro-electrodialysis alternatives generate water and by-products of higher quality and reuse potential with significantly lower costs. However, their viability depends on the membrane performance. The results were satisfactory, but future experimental studies are required to optimize the alternatives and define the correct pretreatment process.
Water and wastewater CFD and validation: are we losing the balance?
Authors: Nopens I. , Sudrawska D. , Audenaert W. , Fernandes del Pozo D. , Rehman U. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA literature screening on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling in water treatment applications showed a vast range of validation ranging from no validation at all, over residence time distribution (RTD) and tracer testing, to velocity field, species concentration and, finally, turbulence properties measurements. The validation level also differs depending on process scale (laboratory, pilot, full) and type of system (rheology, single phase vs. multiphase). Given the fact that CFD is in more widespread use, a discussion on the extent and need of validation needs to be initiated. This paper serves as a discussion starter on the topic.
Neuropeptide Y Induces Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy via Attenuating miR-29a-3p in Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Xie Yuxin , Hu Jun , Zhang Xincai , Li Chunxiao , Zuo Yuanyi , Xie Shining , Zhang Zhixiang , Zhu Shaohua 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been well known to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (CH),
which is possibly caused by disruption of cardiac cell energy balance. As mitochondria is losely related
to energy metabolism, in this study, we investigated the changes in mitochondrial dynamics-related
protein (Drp1) expression under the action of NPY. miRNA-29a, a endogenous noncoding small
molecule RNA which is involved in many cardiac diseases, by using a bioinformatics tool, we found a
potential binding site of miRNA-29a on the Drp1 mRNA, and suggesting that miRNA-29a might play
a regulatory role.

Methods:
Objective: To investigate the role of miR-29a-3p in the process of NPY-induced CH, and further
explore it’s predicted relationship with Drp1.
The expression levels of miR-29a-3p and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were performed by
the method of fluorescence quantitative PCR, in addition, expression of Drp1 in treated and control
groups were performed by western blot analysis.

Results:
We found NPY leads to the CH and up-regulation of ANP expression levels. We also found
significant up-regulation of Drp1 expression and down-regulation of miR-29a-3p expression in NPYtreated cells. The decrease in miR-29a-3p expression may lead the increase expression level of Drp1.
We found that the expression of ANP increased after NPY treatment. When Drp1 protein was silenced,
the high expression of ANP was inhibited.

Conclusion:
In this study, we found up-regulation of Drp1 in cells treated with NPY. Drp1 mRNA is a
predicted target for miR-29a-3p, and the expression of Drp1 was attenuated by miR-29a-3p. Therefore,
NPY leads to down-regulation of miR-29a-3p expression, up-regulation of Drp1 expression, and NPY
leads to CH. Correspondingly, miR-29a-3p can counteract the effects of NPY. This may be a new way,
which could be used in diagnosis and treatment plan for CH.
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Lys-[Trp6]hy-a1 Combined with Ciprofloxacin Against Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Carneiro Victor Alves , de Oliveira Simone Torres , Silva Rondinely Lima , de Sousa Duarte Humberlania , Silva Maria Laína , Matos Maria Nágila Carneiro , Cavalcante Rafaela Mesquita Bastos , Figueira Ciro Siqueira , Lorenzón Esteban Nicolás , Cilli Eduardo Maffud , da Cunha Rodrigo Maranguape Silva 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Ciprofloxacin (Cip) is the most commonly used quinolone in clinical practice;
however large-scale use has favored the increase of multiresistant pathogenic microorganisms.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) appear to be a promising alternative in potentiating these conventional
drugs.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the peptide Lys-[Trp6]hy-a1 (lys-a1)
on the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of ciprofloxacin against clinically relevant gram-negative
bacteria.

Methods:
The antimicrobial effects of Cip and lys-a1 were assessed by determining the minimum
inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The synergistic
action of Cip and lys-a1 was determined by checkerboard assay. The time-kill curve was constructed
for the Cip/lys-a1 combination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. The antibiofilm
activity of this combination was analyzed by crystal violet, colony-forming unit count and
atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Results:
The data demonstrated that lys-a1 was able to inhibit planktonic growth of strains of P.
aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae both at 125 μg/mL. The fractional inhibitory concentration
index (FICi) showed a synergistic effect between Cip and lys-a1 against P. aeruginosa, decreasing
the MICs of the individual antimicrobial agents by 4- and 8-fold, respectively. This effect was also
observed for the death kinetics and antibiofilm activity. Analysis of the early biofilms (6 h) as well
as isolated cells by AFM images evidenced the cell perturbation caused by Cip/lys-a1 treatment.

Conclusion:
These data suggest that lys-a1 has biotechnological potential as a therapeutic tool for
the treatment of infections caused by clinically relevant microorganisms, especially P. aeruginosa.
Genus Arisaema: A Review of Traditional Importance, Chemistry and Biological Activities
Authors: Kant Kamal , Lal Uma R. , Rawat Ravi , Kumar Anoop , Ghosh Manik 
Published: April 2020

Background:
The Arisaema (Araceae) is a genus of approximately 180 perennial herbs
widely distributed in the evergreen and deciduous forests. This genus (Arisaema) has been used as
a medicinal agent since ancient times. Experimental investigations have shown a promising
positive correlation with its folklore claim and this encourages us to report updated medicinal
review (genus Arisaema) for future research.

Objective:
This review aimed to summarize the ethnobotany, folklore uses, chemistry and
biological activities.

Conclusion:
The comprehensive literature on genus Arisaema indicates the presence of
terpenoids, flavonoids, and glycosphingolipids as the principal chemical constituents. Additionally,
phytosterols, alkaloids, carboline derivatives and miscellaneous compounds were documented in
plants of genus Arisaema. Biological investigations led to the credentials of antioxidant,
anticancer, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anthelmintic and hepatoprotective activities. Following,
several plant species are promising candidates for the treatment of cancer, parasitic diseases and
microbial infection complications. Though, a lot of facets of this genus like phytoconstituents
identification, mechanistic profile, adverse effects and clinical studies are still quite limited. Thus,
this systematic review may act as a powerful tool in future studies for promoting health benefits
against various health hazards.
A Comparative Study on the Incidence, Aggravation, and Remission of Lupus Nephritis Based on iTRAQ Technology
Authors: Liao Dong-Jiang , Cheng Xi-Ping , Li Nan , Liang Kang-Li , Fan Hui , Zhang Sui-Ying , Hu Xiao-Qian , Fan Ping , Wu Yuan-Sheng 
Published: April 2020

Aim and Objective:
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the major complications of systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE). The specific mechanisms of pathogenesis, aggravation, and remission
processes in LN have not been clarified but is of great need in the clinic. Using isobaric tags for
relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology to screen the functional proteins of LN in
mice. Especially under intervention factors of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and dexamethasone.

Methods:
Mrl-lps mice were intervened with LPS, dexamethasone, and normal saline (NS) using
intraperitoneal injection, and c57 mice intervened with NS as control. The anti-ANA antibody
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify disease severity. Kidney tissue is
collected and processed for iTRAQ to screen out functional proteins closely related to the onset
and development of LN. Western blot method and rt-PCR (real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction)
were used for verification.

Results:
We identified 136 proteins that marked quantitative information. Among them, Hp,
Igkv8-27, Itgb2, Got2, and Pcx proteins showed significant abnormal manifestations.

Conclusion:
Using iTRAQ methods, the functional proteins Hp, Igkv8-27, Itgb2, Got2, and Pcx
were screened out for a close relationship with the pathogenesis and development of LN, which is
worth further study.
The Effect of Cyclosporine A on Dermal Fibroblast Cell - Transcriptomic Analysis of Inflammatory Response Pathway
Authors: Janikowska Grażyna , Kurzeja Ewa , Janikowski Marcin , Strzałka-Mrozik Barbara , Pyka-Pająk Alina , Janikowski Tomasz 
Published: April 2020

Background:
The first immunosuppressive drug - cyclosporine A (CsA) has many
unquestioned merits in maintaining organ transplants in patients, as well as, in the treatment of many
inflammatory diseases, also associated with cutaneous manifestations. The main task of this drug is to
suppress the inflammatory response at the sites of action, which is not well known.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of CsA in therapeutic concentration
on the expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response pathway in normal human dermal
fibroblasts (NHDF; CC-2511), and this study attempted to determine the mechanism of its action.

Methods:
The cytotoxicity MTT test was performed. The expression of the inflammatory response
pathway genes was determined using HG-U133A_2.0 oligonucleotide microarrays. Statistical analysis
was performed by GeneSpring 13.0 software using the PL-Grid platform.

Results:
Among the 5,300 mRNA, only 573 were changed significantly in response to CsA compared
to the control fibroblasts (P≤0.05). CsA inhibited the expression of most genes associated with the inflammatory
response in NHDFs. There were only 19 genes with a fold change (FC) lower than -2.0,
among which EGR1, FOS, PBK, CDK1 and TOP2A had the lowest expression, as did CXCL2 which
can directly impact inflammation. Furthermore, ZNF451 was strongly induced, and COL1A1,
COL3A1, IL33, TNFRSFs were weakly up-regulated (FC lower than 2.0).

Conclusion:
The CsA in therapeutic concentration influences the genes linked to the inflammatory response
(in the transcriptional level) in human dermal fibroblasts. The findings suggest that the potential
mechanism of CsA action in this concentration and on these genes can be associated with a profibrotic
and proapoptotic, and genotoxic effects.