bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Pegylated Interferon for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in Children and Adolescents
Authors: He Yi , Yin Jingyang , Xu Hongmei 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) has recently been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children and adolescents. However, the exact efficacy and safety remains to be confirmed.

Objectives:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of PEG-IFN for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children and adolescents.

Methods:
Databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Ovid-EMbase, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Internet were searched to collect clinical trials examining the efficacy and safety of PEG-IFN in children and adolescents with confirmed hepatitis B virus infection. Data for treatment response, relapse, treatment discontinuations and adverse events were extracted and summarized.

Results:
A total of 10 clinical trials involving 658 patients were identified. Results indicate that 43% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25%–61%) of the subjects treated with PEG-IFN achieved HBeAg serologic response, 18% (95% CI: 6%–35%) achieved HBsAg serologic response, 68% (95% CI: 55%–79%) achieved virologic response after the end of treatment and 60% (95% CI: 30%–87%) achieved sustained virologic response.

Conclusion:
Current evidence indicates that PEG-IFN is effective in children and adolescents with hepatitis B virus and that treatment discontinuation due to serious adverse events is infrequent.
Assessment of Employability Skills: A Systematic Review of the Availability and Usage of Professional Behavior Assessment Instruments
Authors: McCallum Christine A. , Murray Leigh , Tilstra Michele , Lairson Alexia 
Published: August 2020

Background/Purpose.
Professionalism is highly valued by health care practitioners, resulting in an increased focus by education programs on explicit instruction and development of student professional behaviors (PB), skills and abilities. However, a comprehensive review of valid and reliable PB assessment instruments (PBAIs) for use in educational programs is lacking. The purpose of this systematic review is twofold 1) to identify and evaluate PBAIs available for use within professional physical therapy (PT) programs and 2) to present a PB advising model to guide student development.

Methods.
CINHAL, PubMed, ERIC, and ProQuest were searched from 1999 to present using key words, along with hand and grey literature searches for studies that assessed PB in PT, occupational therapy (OT), and/or speech language pathology students. Extracted data included study type, design, purpose, study characteristics and PBAI components, including descriptions of processes followed implementing the tool. The McMaster Critical Appraisal tool was used to evaluate methodological quality of studies.

Results.
Fourteen different PBAIs were identified for PB assessment. Five PBAIs were student self-assessment tools, 7 for use by academic or clinical faculty and 2 were both self and faculty assessment tools. Ten parameters for PB advising plans were extracted after synthesizing recommendations for use of each instrument.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Professional behavior assessment instruments are available for use in PT and OT disciplines. A new conceptual PB advising framework is offered. The identified PBAIs can be utilized to assess student performance and should be integrated into student advising process. Future research should focus on further validation of the PBAIs.
Brief Report: Increased Cotinine Concentrations are Associated With Reduced Expression of Cathelicidin (LL-37) and NOD-2 in Alveolar Macrophages of PLWH Who Smoke
Authors: Diaz Philip T. , Ferketich Amy , Wewers Mary E. , Browning Kristine , Gavrilin Mikhail A. , Sarkar Anasuya , Hollyfield Jennifer , Trinka Teresa , Wewers Mark 
Published: August 2020

Abstract:
There is a strong link between cigarette smoking and pulmonary complications among people living with HIV. However, the effects of smoking on the local lung immune environment in this population remain unclear. Bronchoalveolar lavage and saliva were collected from HIV-infected smokers involved in a prospective study investigating alveolar macrophage expression of host defense molecules. Salivary cotinine concentrations were inversely related to expression of the immune cell receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 and the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The negative correlation between salivary cotinine and LL-37 was particularly strong. Our study provides insight into how nicotine may adversely affect lung innate immunity in HIV.
Where are we moving in the classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies?
Authors: Tanboon Jantima , Uruha Akinori , Stenzel Werner , Nishino Ichizo 
Published: August 2020

Purpose of review
Discoveries of myositis-specific antibodies, transcriptomic signatures, and clinicoseropathological correlation support classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) into four major subgroups: dermatomyositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), antisynthetase syndrome (ASS), and inclusion body myositis (IBM) whereas leaving polymyositis as a historical nonspecific diagnosis of exclusion. This review summarizes and comments on recent knowledge regarding the major subgroup of IIM.

Recent findings
Type 1 interferon (IFN1) pathway activation is the most prominent in dermatomyositis whereas type 2 interferon (IFN2) pathway activation is high in IBM and ASS; neither pathway is distinct in IMNM. Myxovirus-resistant protein A, IFN1 surrogate marker, is now one of definite dermatomyositis muscle biopsy criteria in the new 2018 European Neuromuscular Centre classification of dermatomyositis; the classification emphasizes on different categorization with and without dermatomyositis-specific antibody result. Novel HLA loci associated with anti-TIF1-γ, anti-Mi-2, and anti-Jo-1 antibodies in Caucasian population are identified. Associations of chaperon-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) and complement-mediated autoimmunity in IMNM as well as highly differentiated T cells in IBM are discovered.

Summary
Current IIM classification requires integrated clinicoseropathological approaches. Additional information, such as transcriptomics, HLA haplotyping, and potential biomarkers help tailoring categorization that may have future diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
On the joint effect of endogenous spatial attention and defocus blur on acuity: attentional limit to the resolving power of the eye
Authors: De Lestrange-Anginieur E , Leung TW , Kee CS 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDefocus blur and spatial attention both act on our ability to see clearly over time. However, it is currently unknown how these two factors interact because studies on acuity resolution only focused on the separate effects of attention and defocus blurs. In this study, resolution acuity was measured along the diagonal 135°/315° with horizontal, at 8° eccentricity for clear and blur Landolt C images under various manipulations of covert endogenous attention. We observe that attention not just improves the resolution of clear stimuli, but also modulates the resolution of defocused stimuli for compensating the loss of resolution caused by retinal blur. Our results show, however, that as the degree of attention decreases, the differences between clear and blurred images largely diminish, thus limiting the benefit of an image quality enhancement. It also appeared that attention tends to enhance the resolution of clear images more than blurred targets, suggesting potential variations in the gain of vision correction with the level of attention. This demonstrates that the interaction between spatial attention and focus plays a role in the way we see things. In view of these findings, the development of adaptive (neuro-optical) interventions, which adjust the eye’s focus to attention, may hold promise.Significance statementVisual technologies are now attaining a degree of extreme sophistication and diversity, which allows more comprehensive, but often complex manipulations of the optical image formed onto the back of the eye. It is therefore an enigma how those fine and immersive manipulations of the sensory environment are integrated in the brain. In this study, we show that the resolving power of the eye can depend complexly on the interaction between spatial attention and focus. This discovery suggests that perception might be advantageously guided by technologies tailoring optical focus to individual attentional patterns.Graphical abstractProposed neuro-optical mechanism of transformation of stimulus by spatial attention and blur.
The impact of innate accruals quality on the future market value moderated by dividend policy
Authors: Siladjaja Muljanto , Anwar Yuli 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test and prove how the quality of innate accruals can make a significant contribution to the prospect of future market value for manufacturing industries.Design/methodology/approachThis research used multiple regression method by gathering all observation data on a go public company in the industrial manufacturing sector.FindingsThe results of this test can show that the dividend policy helps reduce the use of accruals to increase investor perceptions about the prospects of the company's future period, especially the value of earnings informativeness, including valid information about the actual fundamental conditions. These results reflect high innate accruals quality, so the use of low accruals, especially in reporting earnings.Research limitations/implicationsThis test uses a measurement of a constant growth rate with the calculation of the indicator g in the next five-year period, and the proof has secondary data abnormalities reflecting a very high level of variation in the use of accruals. As an implication of the data that is not normal, it causes a large amount of data pruning through outlier tests. Samples that qualify for processing are 180 from 384 data.Originality/valueBy calculating the value of the dividend payout with the growth rate, the estimated future market price can be done with reasonable accuracy.
Aligning operational practices to competitive strategies to enhance the performance of Indian manufacturing firms
Authors: Sahoo Saumyaranjan 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to understand how collective operational practices are adapted or stimulated by a firm's competitive strategy.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a data set drawn from 124 plant managers and directors of Indian manufacturing firms. Multiple regression was used to examine the impact of operational practices of lean, total quality management (TQM) and supply chain management (SCM) within competitive clusters of cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategy.FindingsResults of the study show that the pattern of impact of operational practices on firm's performance varies according to type of the competitive strategy employed. All the three competitive strategy clusters have reported that TQM is the most important trigger for Indian manufacturing firms with relative effect of TQM practices on firm's performance being higher than that of lean and SCM practices.Research limitations/implicationsCross-sectional data from Indian manufacturing firms were used, and it would be interesting to test the analytical framework of the study for more sectors and countries. Future studies can take a longitudinal research approach to strengthen the findings of the study.Practical implicationsThe findings explain how operational practices are aligned with competitive strategies for practitioners so that they can assign limited resources to build diverse operational capabilities based on their strategic choices.Originality/valueAlthough very few classical studies are reported in various contexts involving competitive strategy, operational practices and firm's performance, no existing study focuses on how these three domains are linked together in the context of Indian manufacturing sector.
Wave propagation in an initially stressed rotating thermo-diffusive medium with two-temperature and micro-concentrations
Authors: Sheoran Devender , Kumar Ramesh , Kumar Sunil , Kalkal Kapil Kumar 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the reflection of plane waves in an initially stressed rotating thermoelastic diffusive medium with micro-concentrations and two-temperature.Design/methodology/approachA two-dimensional model of generalized thermoelasticity is considered. The governing equations are transformed into the non-dimensional forms using the dimensionless variables. Then, potential functions are introduced for the decoupling of the waves. Further, appropriate boundary conditions are assumed to completely solve the problem. Finally, numerical computations are performed using MATLAB.FindingsThe problem is solved analytically and it is found that there exist five coupled waves in addition to an independent micro-concentration wave in the considered medium. The amplitude ratios and energy ratios of these reflected waves have also been computed numerically for a specific material.Originality/valueThe modulus values of amplitude ratios are presented graphically to exhibit the effects of angular velocity, initial stress, two-temperature, diffusion and micro-concentration parameters. The expressions of energy ratios obtained in explicit form are also depicted graphically as functions of angle of incidence. The law of conservation of energy at the free surface during reflection phenomenon is also verified.
Consumer visual attention and behaviour of online clothing
Authors: Mo Xiaohong , Sun Enle , Yang Xian 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study online clothing consumers' behaviour and their visual attention mechanism to provide objective and quantitative evidences for the display and sales of online clothing.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, this paper conducted a Focus Group Methodology and questionnaire survey to obtain concern factors of online clothing. Secondly, the online clothing's bottom-up visual stimulation and consumer's top-down expectations were analysed, and proposed the hypotheses about significant stimulus of clothing and consumer's emotional experience. Thirdly, the online clothing consumer's visual attention rules and related qualitative results were discussed, and proposed visual attention law for online clothing. Finally, took the company's 84th quarter clothing design practices as research projects, all the hypotheses were demonstrated through eye movement physiology experiments, online clothing trial release and node sales data.FindingsOnline clothing has unique visual display ways compared with other online products such as online advertising, brands and food packaging. Clothing patterns of unfamiliar (fresh) font shapes are more attractive than the patterns of familiar fonts. The cause of the bottom-up visual attention bias is the contrast between clothing features, not the absolute stimulus intensity of the features themselves. Clothing factors can change their emotional experience from no difference to significant difference under the influence of other clothing factors.Originality/valuePut forward hypotheses of online clothing consumer behaviour and its visual attention mechanism, provided objective and quantitative evidences through eye tracker.
The role of perception of local government officials on climate change and resilient development: a case of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Chondol Thinles , Panda Ashish Kumar , Gupta Anil Kumar , Agrawal Nirupama , Kaur Amarjeet 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to gain insight on the perception and role of the local government officials on climate change and resilience in Uttarakhand, India. Uttarakhand, being a sensitive mountainous region in India, faces the brunt of frequent climate-related disasters and their severe impacts. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how authorities perceive the issue of climate-related disasters and their level of commitment toward mitigation and adaptation programs.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review method was used for a holistic understanding of the impact of climate change and consequential disasters. A questionnaire survey method, comprising open- and closed-ended questions, was also used on officials of different departments.FindingsAmong the noteworthy findings of the study include the understanding of the perceptions of authorities and their role in decision-making on mitigating impacts of climate change-related disasters, their support or lack of it, for measures toward capacity building and spreading awareness of the intervention programs by the government. The study analyzes the perception of decision-making officials at state and district levels and infers that the variation on opinions may be attributable to multiple factors, including their past experiences of dealing with disasters.Originality/valueThis study offers insights into the role of perception of local government officials concerning climate change-related disasters and alleviation of their consequences through related programs. The findings have the unique potential to serve as a guide for the government at state and district levels to assess various aspects of different disaster mitigation measures based on sectors and departments.
Networks, institutional environment and firm internationalization
Authors: Morrish Sussie C. , Earl Anna 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of network relationships and institutional environment on premium winegrowers’ internationalization process.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a case study approach to examine two premium wine producers engaged in internationalization. The data sources consist of semi-structured interviews, observations at three major events and secondary data sourced from industry reports and materials that are available online.

Findings
Findings illustrate that both personal and inter-firm networks help wineries to internationalize. Inter-firm networks play a significant role in gaining international legitimacy. Personal networks were found to be more important in establishing brand authenticity that facilitates wineries in their internationalization process. Gaining international legitimacy and establishing brand authenticity are crucial in the successful internationalization of premium wineries.

Research limitations/implications
This study provides an explanation of how networks can be put into institutional context. Future studies could map out the formal and informal institutions within the wine industry and investigate the closer dynamics among the different actors in the whole network. A whole network is formally structured and governed, yet still built on the relationships among members, making it a very complex phenomenon. This would allow the evaluation of multilateral ties that link firms and actors within the network and how this affects the internationalization process.

Practical implications
This paper provides managers with insights on how they can capitalize on their inter-firm and personal networks to help them deal with domestic and international institutional environments when embarking on internationalization activities.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the existing literature on networks relationships and provides an important link between networks, institutions and internationalization.
Guidelines for open innovation success with external product development firms
Authors: Allio Michael K. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe article offers an answer to the question, “When companies are caught between recessionary financial constraints and epic market discontinuity, what approaches actually deliver innovation efficiently and effectively?”Design/methodology/approachThe article offers guidelines for enterprises seeking to implement a form of open innovation with external product development firms that offers the prospect of being more nimble than internally-managed R&D and less expensive, risky and complex than outright merger and acquisition activity.FindingsPick the right challenges to “outsource collaboratively” to external innovation partners. One rule of thumb: partner externally when the defined challenge is something your team cannot effectively tackle–for example, new spaces, channels, materials, processes or supply chain. Outsourcing to experienced innovators can reduce internal competition, accelerate organizational learning and counteract internal turf battles. 10;Practical implicationsExperienced innovators seek authorization to manage their initiative as a portfolio of projects: instead of isolated stabs at innovation, they create a diversified array of programs, with different risk/reward ratios and different foci.Originality/valueThe author has extensive experience working as a a corporate sponsor of open innovation projects and as a contract R&D innovation manager and his teams have had to deal with programs that meander and drift because corporate politics shift, decisions are opaque and strategic communication breaks down. The guidelines offered are designed to prevent such breakdowns.
Impact of IoT on geriatric telehealth
Authors: Graham Christian M. , Jones Nory 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the benefits of the internet of things (IoT) technology on geriatric telehealth.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory case study approach is used to understand the applicability of the internet of medical things in geriatric telehealth. Data was collected from several managers who analyzed rates of re-hospitalizations for patients using telehealth services compared to those not using telehealth services and observations of patient satisfaction rates with telehealth services.FindingsBenefits from the use of IoT included significant reductions in re-hospitalization rates for older adults and patients became more engaged in maintaining their health and wellness goals while becoming more tech-savvy, empowered and satisfied with the telehealth experience.Originality/valueThe present manuscript is among the few reports on the benefits of IoT on geriatric health care.
Immunogenicity of an adalimumab biosimilar, FKB327, and its reference product in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alten Rieke , Markland Colin , Boyce Malcolm , Kawakami Kazuki , Muniz Rafael , Genovese Mark C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study, FKB327‐003, is a phase 3, open‐label extension (OLE) study comparing the long‐term immunogenicity of an adalimumab biosimilar, FKB327 (F), with the reference product (RP).MethodsIn the OLE, patients completing 24 weeks of an initial randomized, double‐blind (DB) study (Period 1) with clinical response and no safety concerns were rerandomized to F or RP, so that two‐thirds of patients remained on the same treatment and one‐third switched to the alternate treatment for weeks 24 through 54 (OLE weeks 0‐30; Period 2), then all received F through week 100 (OLE week 76; Period 3). Treatment sequences were F‐F‐F (no switch), RP‐F‐F and RP‐RP‐F (single switch), and F‐RP‐F (double switch). Patients who entered the OLE study were evaluated for immunogenicity across switching sequences.ResultsThe proportion of patients with positive antidrug antibody (ADA) status at the end of Period 1 was 61.7% and 60.0% for F and RP, respectively. The proportion of patients with positive ADA status did not increase throughout Period 1, and was similar for F and RP at all time points. At the end of Period 3, the proportion of patients with positive ADA status was lower in all treatment sequences, at 51.1%, 54.4%, 48.1%, and 42.5% for F‐F‐F, F‐RP‐F, RP‐F‐F, and RP‐RP‐F, respectively.ConclusionThe RP and F showed comparable immunogenicity characteristics after long‐term administration. Development of ADAs with the RP and F was similar, and was not impacted by switching and double switching between F and RP treatment.