bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontir-isasi dan De-frontir-isasi sebagai Kerangka untuk Studi Marjinalitas: Studi Kasus Lindu di Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Acciaioli Gregory Lawrence , Nasrum Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDrawing on past and recent literature using the concept frontier, this paper presents a case study of processes of frontierisation and defrontierisation in the Lindu plain of Central Sulawesi. After establishing the rationale for a more processual framework to analyse frontiers, it traces the history of the Lindu plain along the four dimensions of frontierisation related to control, extraction, settlement and conservation from the precolonial era to the contemporary post-Reformasi period. Using this Lindu case study, it seeks to reconceptualise such notions as the closing of frontiers by drawing attention away from certain demographic and economic thresholds of occupation and by emphasising instead the exercise of agency on the parts of marginalised local peoples in frontier regions, allowing them to reverse the asymmetric relations of the (dominant) occupiers and (subordinated) occupied that have constituted frontiers. This is illustrated by the changing position of the Indigenous Lindu people as subordinated first by colonial incursions and then in the immediate postcolonial period through domination by entrepreneurial Bugis migrants whose own position was buttressed by alliances with governmental agencies to the contemporary reassertion of their control over their own territory through alliances with both the Indonesian Indigenous people’s movement and with transnational conservation.Keywords: Frontier, Frontierisation, Defrontierisation, Marginality, Marginal Societies, Lindu Bugis, Central Sulawesi AbstrakBersandar kepada naskah lama dan mutakhir yang menggunakan konsep frontir, makalah ini menyajikan studi kasus proses frontir-isasi dan de-frontir-isasi di dataran Lindu, Sulawesi Tengah. Sesudah memberikan alasan untuk kerangka yang memusatkan proses, artikel ini menggambarkan sejarah Lindu melalui empat dimensi frontir-isasi – kendali, ekstraksi, pemukiman dan konservasi – dari zaman prakolonial sampai era Pasca-Reformasi. Studi kasus ini digunakan untuk memikirkan kembali gagasan seperti penutupan frontir; daripada indicator demografis dan ekonomis, daya tindak (agensi) dari masayakarat lokal yang didominasi/dipinggirkan dalam usaha membalikkan relasi-kuasa menjadi kriterium yang dipusatkan sebagai unsur utama penutupan frontir atau de-frontir-isasi. Proses penggulingan ini dicontohkan oleh perubahan posisi To Lindu sebagai orang asli di wilayah ini. Mulai dari keadaan dipinggirkan di masa kolonial sampai ke era paska-kolonial waktu mereka didominasi oleh migran Bugis yang memperkuat usaha kewiraswastaannya dengan menggunakan alasan pembangunan dan aliansi dengan instansi permerintah, akhirnya di era Reformasi dan Pasca-Reformasi To Lindu sempat menarik kembali penguasaan atas wilayahnya melalui aliansi dengan gerakan masyarakat adat dan organisasi konservasi.Kata kunci: Frontir, Frontir-isasi, Defrontir-isasi, Marjinalitas, Masyarakat Pinggiran, Lindu, Bugis, Sulawesi Tengah
Profitability of growing Scots pine on cutaway peatlands
Authors: Aro Lasse , Ahtikoski Anssi , Hytönen Jyrki 
Published: June 2020

A major after-use option for former peat harvesting areas has been afforestation. The profitability of afforestation with Scots pine trees ( L.) was studied in two 31â32-year old experiments in southern and northern Finland. The stands were established by seeding and planting, and various fertilization treatments and drainage intensities were tested. The financial performance for each plot was assessed in three steps. First, the costs occurred during the measurement time were summed up according to their present value. Then, for the rest of the rotation (i.e., from the age of 31/32 onwards) the stand management was optimized in order to maximize the net present value (MaxNPV). Finally, bare land values (BLVs) were calculated by summing up the present value of costs and the MaxNPV and converting the sum of the series into infinity. The afforestation method did not affect the mean annual increment (MAI; 9.2â9.5 m ha a) in the southern experiment. In the northern experiment the afforestation method, ditch spacing and fertilization had significant effects on the MAI of the stands. The average MAI of the planted pines was 8.9 m ha a, and for seeded pines it was 7.5 m ha a. The BLV at an interest rate of 3% was positive for all stands in both regions. In the northern region afforestation method, ditch spacing and fertilization also had a significant effect on the BLV. When the interest rate was 5%, almost two thirds of the stands had a negative BLV in both regions.Pinus sylvestris3â1â13â1â13â1â1
COMBINATION OF SYNTHETIC MINORITY OVERSAMPLING TECHNIQUE (SMOTE) AND BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK TO CONTRACEPTIVE IUD PREDICTION
Authors: Mustaqim Mustaqim , Warsito Budi , Surarso Bayu 
Published: June 2020

Data imbalance occurs when the amount of data in a class is more than other data. The majority class is more data, while the minority class is fewer. Imbalance class will decrease the performance of the classification algorithm. Data on IUD contraceptive use is imbalanced data. National IUD failure in 2018 was 959 or 3.5% from 27.400 users. Synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is used to balance data on IUD failure. Balanced data is then predicted with neural networks. The system is for predicting someone when using IUD whether they have a pregnancy or not. This study uses 250 data with 235 major data (not pregnant) and 15 minor data (pregnant). From 250 data divided into two parts, 225 training and 25 testing data. Minority class on training data will be duplicated to 1524%, so that the amount of minority data become balanced with the majority data. The results of predictive with an accuracy rate of 99.9% at 1000 epoch.
Integrated photonic FFT for photonic tensor operations towards efficient and high-speed neural networks
Authors: Ahmed Moustafa , Al-Hadeethi Yas , Bakry Ahmed , Dalir Hamed , Sorger Volker J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe technologically-relevant task of feature extraction from data performed in deep-learning systems is routinely accomplished as repeated fast Fourier transforms (FFT) electronically in prevalent domain-specific architectures such as in graphics processing units (GPU). However, electronics systems are limited with respect to power dissipation and delay, due to wire-charging challenges related to interconnect capacitance. Here we present a silicon photonics-based architecture for convolutional neural networks that harnesses the phase property of light to perform FFTs efficiently by executing the convolution as a multiplication in the Fourier-domain. The algorithmic executing time is determined by the time-of-flight of the signal through this photonic reconfigurable passive FFT ‘filter’ circuit and is on the order of 10’s of picosecond short. A sensitivity analysis shows that this optical processor must be thermally phase stabilized corresponding to a few degrees. Furthermore, we find that for a small sample number, the obtainable number of convolutions per {time, power, and chip area) outperforms GPUs by about two orders of magnitude. Lastly, we show that, conceptually, the optical FFT and convolution-processing performance is indeed directly linked to optoelectronic device-level, and improvements in plasmonics, metamaterials or nanophotonics are fueling next generation densely interconnected intelligent photonic circuits with relevance for edge-computing 5G networks by processing tensor operations optically.
Experimental nanofocusing of surface plasmon polaritons using a gravitational field
Authors: Yan Zhiwei , Sheng Chong , Zhu Shining , Liu Hui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
How to capture electromagnetic fields into sub-wavelength spatial scales has been a major challenge in nanophotonics, especially confining surface plasmon polaritons into regions as small as a few nanometers. Although various methods are proposed to achieve this goal, these methods require complex fabrication process. Here, we demonstrate experimentally the achievement of nanofocusing of surface plasmon polaritons with an intensity enhancement of three, using the simple structure with just pasting a sliver microwire on a sliver layer. And the designed structure has a well-defined gravitational field inspired by transformation optics. This simple design structure has applications to enhance light–matter interactions, such as nonlinear optical process and Raman scattering.
Critical review of quantum plasmonic models for finite-size media
Authors: Dorier Vincent , Guérin Stéphane , Jauslin Hans-Rudolf 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We provide a critical analysis of some of the commonly used theoretical models to describe quantum plasmons in finite size media. We summarize the standard approach based on a Fano diagonalization and we show explicit discrepancies in the obtained results by taking the limit of vanishing coupling between the electromagnetic field and the material medium. We then discuss the derivation of spontaneous emission in a plasmonic environment, which usually relies on a Green tensor and is based on an incomplete identity. The effect of the missing terms is calculated in a one-dimensional model.
Two-dimensional Au & Ag hybrid plasmonic nanoparticle network: broadband nonlinear optical response and applications for pulsed laser generation
Authors: Nie Hongkun , Duan Wenchao , Liu Junting , Xia Haibing , Yang Kejian , Wang Fengqiu , Zhang Baitao , He Jingliang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) can generate and enhance the nonlinear optical (NLO) response and has been widely used in biosensing, optical bistability, optical switch, and modulator, surface-enhanced spectroscopies, etc. Here, the two-dimensional (2D) Au & Ag hybrid plasmonic NP network (Au & Ag HPNN) were synthesized by assembling Au and Ag NPs in ethanol solvent and transferring onto a CaF2 substrate. The frequency-domain finite element method (FEM) simulations were performed to explore their LSPR properties, demonstrating the broadband optical responses throughout visible, near-infrared and mid-infrared regions. The ultrafast carrier relaxation times were determined to be 3.9, 5.6, and 8.6 ps, while the nonlinear absorption coefficients were −1.12 × 104, −1.71 × 104, and −2.54 × 104 cm/GW, respectively, for the three wavelengths matching the LSPRs peaks at 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 μm bands. Furthermore, passively Q-switched (PQS) solid-state lasers operating at 1062.8, 1990.8, and 2947 nm were demonstrated with 2D Au & Ag HPNN based saturable absorbers. This work not only reveals desirable ultrafast broadband NLO responses of 2D HPNN, but also provides a platform for investigating their applications in nanophotonic devices.
Reconfigurable topological waveguide based on honeycomb lattice of dielectric cuboids
Authors: Wang Xing-Xiang , Hu Xiao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We show that the photonic crystal (PhC) made of dielectric cuboids with their centers forming a honeycomb lattice is characterized by a

ℤ
2

${\mathbb{&#x2124;}}_{2}$

topological index when the longer sides of six cuboids point towards the center of hexagonal unit cell. While the C
6v
symmetry regarding the center of unit cell is preserved, the C
3 symmetry regarding honeycomb sites is broken, which opens a bandgap in the Dirac dispersion of honeycomb structure and induces a band inversion between p modes and d modes. Rotating cuboids around their individual centers closes the bandgap and reopens a trivial bandgap. We discuss that this feature can be exploited for realizing a reconfigurable topological waveguide.
Optical spin-dependent beam separation in cyclic group symmetric metasurface
Authors: Lee Yeon Ui , Ozerov Igor , Bedu Frédéric , Kim Ji Su , Fages Frédéric , Wu Jeong Weon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cross-polarization scattering of a circularly polarized beam from nano-rod introduces a geometric phase to the outgoing beam with opposite circular polarization. By manipulating the spatial array of subwavelength nano-structure constituting metasurface, the geometric phase can be engineered to generate a variety of beam profiles, including vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum via a process called spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion. Here we introduce a cyclic group symmetric metasurface composed of tapered arc nano-rods and explore how azimuthal angular distribution of total phase determines the feature of spin-dependent beam separation. When scattered from a circular array of tapered arc nano-rods possessing varying width with a fixed length, a dynamical phase having non-constant azimuthal gradient is introduced to an incoming Gaussian beam. This leads to a spin-dependent beam separation in the outgoing vortex beam profile, which is attributed to an azimuthal angle dependent destructive interference between scatterings from two plasmonic excitations along the width and the length of tapered arc nano-rod. Relation of cyclic group symmetry property of metasurface and the generated vortex beam profile is examined in detail by experimental measurement and analysis in terms of partial-wave expansion and non-constant azimuthal gradient of total phase. Capability of spatial beam profiling by spin-dependent beam separation in vortex beam generation has an important implication for spatial demultiplexing in optical communication utilizing optical angular momentum mode division multiplexing as well as for optical vortex tweezers and optical signal processing employing vortex beams.
Accelerating photonic computing by bandwidth enhancement of a time-delay reservoir
Authors: Estébanez Irene , Schwind Janek , Fischer Ingo , Argyris Apostolos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSemiconductor lasers (SLs) that are subject to delayed optical feedback and external optical injection have been demonstrated to perform information processing using the photonic reservoir computing paradigm. Optical injection or optical feedback can under some conditions induce bandwidth-enhanced operation, expanding their modulation response up to several tens of GHz. However, these conditions may not always result in the best performance for computational tasks, since the dynamical and nonlinear properties of the reservoir might change as well. Here we show that by using strong optical injection we can obtain an increased frequency response and a significant acceleration in the information processing capability of this nonlinear system, without loss of performance. Specifically, we demonstrate numerically that the sampling time of the photonic reservoir can be as small as 12 ps while preserving the same computational performance when compared to a much slower sampling rate. We also show that strong optical injection expands the reservoir’s operating conditions for which we obtain improved task performance. The latter is validated experimentally for larger sampling times of 100 ps. The above attributes are demonstrated in a coherent optical communication decoding task.
Light-field and spin-orbit-driven currents in van der Waals materials
Authors: Kiemle Jonas , Zimmermann Philipp , Holleitner Alexander W. , Kastl Christoph 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This review aims to provide an overview over recent developments of light-driven currents with a focus on their application to layered van der Waals materials. In topological and spin-orbit dominated van der Waals materials helicity-driven and light-field-driven currents are relevant for nanophotonic applications from ultrafast detectors to on-chip current generators. The photon helicity allows addressing chiral and non-trivial surface states in topological systems, but also the valley degree of freedom in two-dimensional van der Waals materials. The underlying spin-orbit interactions break the spatiotemporal electrodynamic symmetries, such that directed currents can emerge after an ultrafast laser excitation. Equally, the light-field of few-cycle optical pulses can coherently drive the transport of charge carriers with sub-cycle precision by generating strong and directed electric fields on the atomic scale. Ultrafast light-driven currents may open up novel perspectives at the interface between photonics and ultrafast electronics.
Technological Aspects of Vegetable Oils Transesterification with Ethanol in the Presence of Metal Oxides
Authors: Melnyk Yuriy , Starchevskyi Roman , Melnyk Stepan 
Published: June 2020

Transesterification of vegetable oil with ethanol in the presence of fine metal oxide particles as catalysts has been investigated. Zinc and nickel(II) oxides were shown to have the highest catalytic activity. In their presence, the conversion of sunflower oil triglycerides, after 150 min, reached 95.3 and 94.2 %, respectively. The optimal mass fraction of zinc oxide catalyst was found to be 0.25–0.31 %. In the presence of zinc oxide, with mass fraction of water in ethanol of 5 and 10 %, the conversion of triglycerides was 98.5 and 94.8 %, respectively.
Elaboration and Mechanical-Electrochemical Characterisation of Open Cell Antimonial-lead Foams Made by the “Excess Salt Replication Method” for Eventual Applications in Lead-acid Batteries Manufacturing
Authors: Hassein-Bey Amel Hind , Belhadj Abd-Elmouneïm , Gavrus Adinel , Abudura Salam 
Published: June 2020

In this study, open cell 25 % antimony-lead alloy foams are fabricated for possible use to lighten thick plates of lead-acid batteries. A new inexpensive and simple variant of the salt replication process is developed and explored. Different morphology and shapes have been successfully obtained with “excess salt replication” method (abbreviated as ESR method). Best porosity of about 68 % is obtained with salt particles size of about 3 mm. SEM and EDXS investigation of the composite salt/antimony alloy before NaCl leaching revealed the presence of the lead oxides microfilm coating cell walls and becoming lead carbonates after salt removal. Uniaxial compressive behaviour of the resulting cellular materials is studied for foams with porosities between 45 % and 70 %, and salt grain size ranging between 2.5 and 5 mm. A higher plateau stress is reached compared to the results obtained in the literature working on the aluminium foams. The reproducibility of the process is proved along samples.
Molecular responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tolerating root rot of trifoliate orange
Authors: CHENG Shen , TIAN Li , ZOU Ying-Ning , WU Qiang-Sheng , KUČA Kamil , BORA Popy 
Published: June 2020

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant disease resistance, while the underlying mechanisms in the molecular levels are not yet known. In this study, five-leaf-old trifoliate orange seedlings were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae for 14 weeks and subsequently were infected by a citrus root rot pathogen Phytophthora parasitica by 7 days. The transcriptome results by Illumina HiSeq 4000 revealed that the percentage of Q30 bases reached 92.99% or above, and 29696 unigenes were annotated in a total of 63531 unigenes. 654 and 103 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were respectively annotated in AMF-inoculated versus non-AMF-inoculated plants under non-infection and infection with P. parasitica, respectively, whilst these DEGs were related to defense mechanisms, signal transduction mechanisms and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. Forty-two genes were functionally annotated as the putative 'defense mechanism', whilst AMF inoculation induced 1 gene down-regulated and 3 genes up-regulated under P. parasitica infection. AMF inoculation stimulated more genes linked to signal transduction mechanism down-regulated than non-AMF plants. Eight genes were involved in secondary metabolites biosynthesis in AMF versus non-AMF seedlings under P. parasitica-infection conditions. Such transcriptome database provided total information in the molecular levels regarding mycorrhizal roles in tolerating Phytophthora parasitica infection.
In vitro anti-urease, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, cytotoxic and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Satureja cuneifolia Ten.
Authors: TASKIN Turgut , DOGAN Murat , CAM Muhammet E. , SAHIN Talip , SENKARDES Ismail 
Published: June 2020

Satureja cuneifolia Ten. (wild savoury) belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used to produce essential oil and aromatic water. This plant is also used as a condiment and herbal tea due to its stimulating, tonic and carminative effects. The in vitro antioxidant, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of the different extracts from the plant’s aerial parts were examined. Besides, the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the fraction and direct methanol extracts were determined comparatively. In the current study, fraction methanol extract exhibited the strongest ABTS (52.34 mM trolox/mg extract) radical scavenging and ferric reduction (17.22 mM Fe2+/mg extract) activity. It was also found that the fraction methanol extract had stronger anti-urease (12.52%) and anticholinesterase (69.02%) activity than other extracts. The XTT results showed that fraction methanol extract had the most cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell lines (39.92%). According to the results of in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, it was found that both fraction and direct methanol extracts exhibited close and significant anti-inflammatory activity. The fact that methanol extracts have significant biological activity suggests that these may be used as a natural source in the future.
Gaziantep Geleneksel Hamamlarının Belgelenmesi ve Koruma Önerileri
Authors: EKİNCİ DAĞTEKİN Emine 
Published: June 2020

Anadolu’yu
Mezopotamya’ya bağlayan Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi, verimli toprakları, stratejik konumu ve
topoğrafyasının uygunluğu nedeniyle tarih boyunca her medeniyetin sahip olmak
ve yerleşmek istediği bir bölgedir. Bölgede günümüze ulaşan tarihi ve kültürel
değerlerin birbirini takip eden uygarlıkların bir önceki dönemden edindiği
kültürel değer ve birikimleri, diğer kültürlerle etkileşim içine girerek,
onları geliştirerek, yenilerini ekleyerek geleceğe aktarmada bir süreklilik
oluşturur. Bölge kentlerinden olan Gaziantep tarihte uzun ve süreklilik arz
eden bir biçimde pek çok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış bir yerleşim
merkezidir. Kent binlerce yıllık doğal, tarihsel ve arkeolojik alanlar ile iç
içe yer almaktadır. Antep’de günümüze ulaşan hamamlar kentin mimari ve kültür
birikimini taşıyan yapılardır. Bu çalışmada, yıkanma mekanının konut içine
dahil olması ile işlevlerini büyük oranda kaybeden geleneksel Antep
hamamlarının mimari ve kültürel bellekte korunması ve sürdürülebilirliğinin
sağlanmasının amacıyla yapılan belgeleme çalışması paylaşılmıştır.
Analysis of goalkeepers’ game performances at the 2016 European Football Championships
Authors: Kubayi Alliance 
Published: June 2020

Background: Despite a substantial body of literature on the physical and technical demands of outfield players in football, there is little information regarding the performance of goalkeepers.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the game performance profiles of goalkeepers at the 2016 European Football Championships.

Methods: A total of 30 goalkeepers from 15 games played during the 2016 European Football Championships were analysed using the InStat® video tracking system.

Results: The results showed that goalkeepers covered a mean total distance of 4819 m, ranging from 4036 m to 6640 m. Overall, 68% of distance travelled was attributed to walking, whereas 0.8% was due to high-intensity activities. The goalkeepers of teams that lost matches covered significantly (p < 0.05) longer distances while sprinting than those of teams that drew or won the matches. Goalkeepers of teams that drew significantly (p < 0.05) had a greater number of passes than those goalkeepers of teams that won or lost.

Conclusion: The current results have implications for soccer coaches to structure training sessions and tactical strategies for goalkeepers. The ability of goalkeepers to meet the physical and technical demands of a match could directly influence the successful execution of skills and the outcome of the competition.