bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of age and comorbidities on inflammatory markers in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Viasus Diego , Simonetti Antonella F , Estupiñan-Bohorquez Andres , Carratalà Jordi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies have suggested that an inappropriate inflammatory response is a major cause of treatment failure and mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to determine the effect of comorbidities and age on serum inflammatory markers in CAP.Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of adults hospitalized with CAP. For the purposes of this study, we compared patients according to comorbidities and age. Inflammatory markers were measured at hospital admission, focusing on acute phase proteins, cytokines, and monocyte human leukocyte antigen DR (mHLA-DR) expression.Results: In patients with chronic pulmonary disease (COPD), serum cytokines had significantly decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and mHLA-DR expression, as well as the C-reactive protein (CRP), compared with patients who had no comorbidities. Similarly, patients with chronic heart disease had a significantly reduced CRP levels and mHLA-DR expression, whereas patients with chronic kidney disease had significantly higher serum levels of procalcitonin and TNF-α. Lower procalcitonin, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, as well as mHLA-DR expression, were documented in older patients, but with no significant differences compared to younger patients. Multimorbidity in older patients was associated with significant lower levels of CRP and mHLA-DR expression.Conclusions: The circulating inflammatory markers to CAP have profiles that differ with age and underlying comorbidities. Multimorbidity in the elderly is also associated with lower serum levels of some inflammatory markers. These findings suggest that age and comorbidities have much more of an impact than to simply reduce physiological reserve and can cause variations in the inflammatory response in CAP.
A new formulation of pet’s food product using by-Products from commercial tuna cannery : Physicochemical caracterization, and DLC determination
Authors: Karray Aida , Ktata Amei , Sayari Adel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background : Tunisia has natural resources favorable to fishing with a coastline that extends for a total length of 1,300 kilometres. The large quantities processed show that tuna canneries generate an important amounts of discarded high quality species. These wastes are, of course, problems, but they also offer excellent opportunities for biotechnological exploitation. The disposal of these wastes has always been expansive and has often a harmful impact on the environment, but thanks to the evolution of techniques and the development of markets, it is now possible to transform this waste stream into useful and marketable products. Results: In the present work, we focused primary on the characterization of the red muscles of a tuna cannery for inclusion in the formulation of young dog’s wet food. The composition of these co-products indicates a high protein content (80%), and a moderate fat and mineral content (11% and 8%, respectively). Nevertheless, the carbohydrate content in the red muscles of this fish remains low (2%). To increase the carbohydrate content whish constitute the principal energy source and fiber proportion to improve product digestibility by the animals, cereals (maize flour and rice flour) were used. Four formulae were tested, using the same manufacturing process. thA physicochemical study of the finished products was carried out and the Limit Date of Consumption was determined and estimated to 3 years and 3 months. Microbiological analyses were carried out to ensure the safety of the finished product and the results showed the absence of pathogens and the compliance of the product with current standards. Conclusion: Thanks to their high protein content, tuna discarded products represent an important source for the development of a new animal feed product, including the young dog.
Study on&nbsp;the small breast epithelial mucin tumor tissue expression difference&nbsp;and&nbsp;its relationship with survival in&nbsp;triple-negative&nbsp;breast cancer&nbsp;patients in&nbsp;Han, Miao and Buyi ethnic
Authors: Liang Liu , Weilin Ye , Hui Liu , Qili Lu , Jun Wang , Yan Yang , Yang He 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate Small breast epithelial mucin(SBEM) expression difference in mammary tissues and relationship with survival in thetriple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) patients in Han, Buyi and Miao ethnic.Methods: In our study, SBEM protein expressions were detected by means of immunohistochemistry in 297 patients diagnosed from 2014 to 2015,including 99 normal breast tissue specimens, 99 cases of breast benign tumor tissue specimens and 99 tissues specimens from TNBC patients.Each set of tissue specimens contains 33 samples from Han,Miao and Buyi ethnics, respectively.We analyze the expression of SBEM in different mammary tissues in different ethnics and the association of different SBEM expression levels in tissue of TNBC patients with clinical- pathological features, DFS and OS in Han,Miao and Buyi ethnics,respectively. Results: SBEM expression in breast cancer tumor cells were related to the ki67 in the Han, Miao and Buyi ethnic (P=0.034、0.027、0.047), respectively. There was a marked associations between the SBEM expression level and lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.042、0.039) in the Han and Miao ethnic, while the same results were not found in the Buyi people (P=0.072).There was significant difference in DFS ( P =0.028、0.013)and OS ( P =0.09、0.037) between the high expression group and low expression group in the Han and Miao ethnic.But there was no significant difference in DFS (P = 0.053 ) and OS (P = 0.088 )in the Buyi people.Conclusion: The SBEM positive detection rate was no significant difference in the han, miao and buyi ethnic groups. SBEM was associated with DFS and OS in the Han and Miao ethnic, while no correlation in the Buyi ethnic.
Structure of human sodium leak channel NALCN in complex with FAM155A
Authors: Xie Jiongfang , Ke Meng , Xu Lizhen , Lin Shiyi , Huang Jin , Zhang Jiabei , Yang Fan , Wu Jianping , Yan Zhen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
NALCN, a sodium leak channel mainly expressed in the central nervous systems, is responsible for the resting Na+ permeability that controls neuronal excitability. Dysfunctions of the NALCN channelosome, NALCN with several auxiliary subunits, are associated with a variety of human diseases. Here, we reported the cryo-EM structure of human NALCN in complex with FAM155A, at an overall resolution of 3.1 angstrom. FAM155A forms extensive interactions with the extracellular loops of NALCN that help stabilize NALCN in the membrane. A Na+ ion-binding site, reminiscent of a Ca2+ binding site in Cav channels, is identified in the unique EEKE selectivity filter. Despite its ‘leaky’ nature, the intracellular gate is sealed by S6I, II-III linker and III-IV linker. Our study establishes the molecular basis of Na+ permeation and voltage sensitivity, and provides important clues to the mechanistic understanding of NALCN regulation and NALCN channelosome-related diseases.
Floral scent components in Rhododendron fortunei and its regulation by gene expression of S-adenosyl-l-methionine:benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT)
Authors: chenfei zhang , XiaoHong Xie , YongHong Jia , QingHao Wang , WenJing Wang , SiJia Lv , Fan He , Dongbin Li , ZhiHui Chen , YueYan Wu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Rhododendron fortunei belongs to a scented Rhododendron species native to China, which produces fragrant flowers of great ornamental and environmental values. However, the scents in R. fortunei have not yet been investigated. Results: The results showed that three main VOCs measured from highest to lowest are methyl benzoates, terpenes and fatty acid derivatives. Their content increased after the flower bud opening and reached the highest at half to full blossom. In a flower most VOC contents were measured in petals and only trace amount in other tissues such as stamen, pistil. A small amount of VOCs was determined in leaves as well. All aromatic values were almost corresponded to the contents of three main VOCs, indicating that the flower fragrance arises truly from these VOC components. To understand the mechanism of the formation of this main type fragrance and its regulation, we firstly isolate a gene of RfBAMT from petal of R. fortunei by using homologous cloning and RACE technology. The full length of its cDNA was 1383 bp，with an open reading frame of 1104 bp, encoding a total of 368 amino acids. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that RfBAMT was the closest to the BSMT of Camellia japonica, belonging to methyltransferases family. Then we measured the expression level of RfBAMT again at four flower developmental stages and in different flower tissues and leaves. The results showed that the expression level of this gene was highly positively correlated with the emitted content of methyl benzoates in the flowering, implying that RfBAMT plays a pivotal role in the formation and regulation of methyl benzoates in R. fortunei . Conclusions: This research showed that the RfBAMT was cloned and identified in our study and its expression level was highly positively correlated with the emitted content of methyl benzoates in the flowers and leaves, which indicated this gene may play an important role on regulation of methyl benzoate synthesis in R. fortunei .
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies of Nifedipine Loaded Microspheres for the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Lal Chiman , Garg Rajeev , Gupta Ghanshyam Das 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
The purpose of this research work was to evaluate the Pharmacokinetic (PK),
Pharmacodynamic (PD), and the distribution pattern of mucoadhesive microspheres of nifedipine.

Methods:
Firstly, the emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the mucoadhesive
microspheres. The microspheres were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
and in vivo studies were carried on Wistar rats.

Results:
Blood samples of rats were withdrawal at 2, 4, and 8 h time interval, after the administration of
Mucoadhesive microspheres of nifedipine (Mm-N) and the Saline solution of nifedipine (Ss-N) separately.
The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Mm-N was seven foaled and Cmax around four foaled high
when compared with Ss-N with a significant difference P<0.005. Hypertension induced with DOCA
(deoxycorticosterone acetate) and the Blood Pressure (BP) of hypertensive rats were recorded at 0, 0.5,
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 h time interval after given Mm-N and Ss-N to different groups. The BP of rats was better
control with Mm-N and regular after 2 h with high significant difference P<0.0001 however, the Ss-N
have an insignificant difference with P>0.05. The Mm-N was distributed in the upper part of the Gastrointestinal
Tract (GIT) after 8 h confirmed with the help of the fluorescence microscopic examination.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that the nifedipine was present in the blood for a more extended period,
and the blood pressure was easily controlled with mucoadhesive microspheres of nifedipine.
Therefore, mucoadhesive microspheres of nifedipine would be an excellent alternative over conventional
drug delivery for the treatment of hypertension.
Correlates of HIV-Positive Fathers’ Involvement in Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission Programs in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Iliyasu Zubairu , Galadanci Hadiza S. , Muhammad Bashir , Yadudu Fatima Z. , Kwaku Aminatu A. , Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Muktar H. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The involvement of men in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programs could accelerate the elimination of vertical transmission. Yet, little research has focused on HIV-positive male partners. This study determined predictors of male partners’ PMTCT knowledge and involvement in a tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria.

Methods:
A clinic-based sample of 401 HIV-positive male partners of women who delivered within 12 months prior were
interviewed using structured questionnaires. PMTCT knowledge and involvement scores were computed. Adjusted odd ratios (AOR) for predictors were derived from multivariate logistic regression models.

Results:
The proportion of respondents with adequate PMTCT knowledge was 40.9%. Less than half (43.6%) of the respondents participated in PMTCT, with median involvement score of 2.00 (interquartile range, IQR = 0, 5.0). One quarter of
respondents (25.7%, n =103) reported >1 sex partners, 10.5% consistently used condoms, and 20.7% had disclosed to all
partners. Father’s involvement in PMTCT was predicted by paternal education (AOR = 0.30; 95% Confidence Interval (CI):
0.12-0.77, no formal vs. post-secondary), HIV-positive child (AOR = 3.85; 95%CI: 1.41-10.54, yes vs. no), treatment duration (AOR = 4.17; 95%CI: 1.67-10.41, ≤1 vs. ≥10 years), disclosure to partner(s) (AOR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.15-3.52, ‘disclosed to all’ vs. ‘not disclosed’), condom use (AOR = 5.81; 95%CI: 3.07-11.0, always vs. never), and PMTCT knowledge
(AOR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.31-0.92, inadequate versus adequate).

Conclusion:
The involvement of fathers in HIV PMTCT programs was low and predicted by paternal education, HIVpositive child, duration of antiretroviral treatment, disclosure to partner, consistent condom use, and level of PMTCT
knowledge. Our findings will inform the development of policies to increase male partner involvement in PMTCT in Nigeria.
Mindfulness Practice for Glycemic Control: Could it be a New Strategy for an Old Problem? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bersch-Ferreira Ângela Cristine , Weber Bernardete , da Silva João Gabriel Sanchez Tavares , Pagano Raira , Figueiro Mabel Fernandes , da Silva Lucas Ribeiro , de Souza Mota Luís Gustavo , Suzumura Erica Aranha , Torreglosa Camila Ragne , de Sousa Lara Enilda , Quinhoneiro Driele , da Silva Gherardi-Donato Edilaine Cristina , Bueno Priscila Regina Torres , Marcadenti Aline 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires a complex and organized care that
includes patient lifestyle change. Additionally, emotional well-being is an important part of self-management, and it may
impair the individual’s adherence. Therefore, equipping them with the necessary coping and self-care techniques may be
an important step in managing diabetes.

Objective:
to evaluate the effect of interventions using established based-mindfulness protocols on glycemic control of
individuals T2DM.

Methods:
Data sources: Two electronic databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were searched from inception to December
2019. We limited our search to published studies in the English, Spanish and Portuguese language.
Study selection: Randomized clinical trials that assessed the effects of mindfulness in individuals with T2DM were
selected.

Data extraction:
Two authors independently assessed risk of bias and extracted data from the included trials. Data were
pooled using inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of
Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system.

Results:
Four randomized trials were included. There were no differences in blood glucose change (mean difference
between groups (MD) -0.73mg/dl; 95% CI, -10.49; 9.02; I2 =0%; very low quality of evidence) or glycated hemoglobin
(MD 0.05%; 95%CI -0.22 to 0.32; I2 =29%; very low quality of evidence).

Conclusions:
Although the quality of current evidence is very low, our findings suggest that established protocols
involving mindfulness has no effect on blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin in individuals with T2DM. Indeed, largescale trials are needed to evaluate the contribution of mindfulness on glycemic control in the clinical practice.
β-1,3-glucan Attenuated Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-induced Cognitive Impairment in Rodents via Normalizing Corticosterone Levels
Authors: Khan Saniya H. , Khan Sheraz , Hashim Narmeen , Khan Inamullah 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Chronic stress elevates the cortisol beyond normal levels, which affects
cognition including learning & memory. This injurious effect is primarily mediated via over excitation
of metabotropic glucocorticoid receptors (mGR).

Methods:
The present study was aimed to appraise the neuroprotective effects of naturally occurring
molecule β-1,3-glucan by interfering with stress-cortisol-mGR axis. Our data of virtual
screening (in silico) exhibited the promising interactions of β-glucan with the mGR. Therefore, the
study was extended to evaluate its efficacy (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg/ i.p) in an animal model of chronic
unpredictable mild stress (CUMS, 28 days) induced memory impairment.

Results:
Results of the current study revealed the β-glucan provided dose dependent protection
against deleterious effects of stress on learning and memory associated parameters observed in
Morris water maze (MWM) task. At higher tested doses, it has also significantly antagonized the
stress induced weight loss and corticosterone elevation.
Low Normal TSH Levels and Thyroid Autoimmunity are Associated with an Increased Risk of Osteoporosis in Euthyroid Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Yang Libo , Wang Hongmei , Guo Jinying , Zheng Guanlin , Wei Dailin , Zhang Tie 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objective:
Studies on the relationship of thyroid stimulating hormone
(TSH) within the reference range and thyroid autoimmunity with osteoporosis have produced conflicting
results. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of thyroid function and thyroid
autoimmune bodies (TPOAb and TgAb) with osteoporosis in euthyroid postmenopausal women.

Methods:
A total of 174 subjects were retrospectively included. Serum TSH, total T3, total T4,
TPOAb, TgAb, vitamin D, calcium and bone mineral density were measured. Correlation and logistic
multivariate regression analysis were performed.

Results:
Levels of TSH were lower in osteoporosis group (TSH: 2.03±1.08 vs 2.40±1.24 mIU/L,
p=0.040) while TT3 and TT4 levels were similar between the two groups. The positive percentage of
anti-TPO antibodies was higher in osteoporosis group (17.9% vs 6.7%, χ2= 5.13, p=0.024) while no
significant difference was observed for anti-Tg antibodies (17.9% vs 8.9%, χ2=3.05, p=0.081). The
Spearman correlation analysis showed that TSH levels were significantly correlated with lumbar spine
BMD (r= 0.161, P=0.035) and femoral neck BMD (r = 0.152, P= 0.045). Logistical regression analysis
revealed that low-normal TSH levels and positive TPOAb was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis
(OR: 0.698, 95% CI: 0.505-0.965, p=0.030; OR: 3.961, 95% CI: 1.176-13.345, p=0.026 respectively).

Conclusion:
The results showed that low-normal TSH levels and anti-TPO antibodies were independently
associated with the presence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Rhythmic Haptic Cueing Using Wearable Devices as Physiotherapy for Huntington Disease: Case Study
Authors: Georgiou Theodoros , Islam Riasat , Holland Simon , van der Linden Janet , Price Blaine , Mulholland Paul , Perry Allan 
Published: August 2020

Background
Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited genetic disorder that results in the death of brain cells. HD symptoms generally start with subtle changes in mood and mental abilities; they then degenerate progressively, ensuing a general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait, ultimately resulting in death. There is currently no cure for HD. Walking cued by an external, usually auditory, rhythm has been shown to steady gait and help with movement coordination in other neurological conditions. More recently, work with other neurological conditions has demonstrated that haptic (ie, tactile) rhythmic cues, as opposed to audio cues, offer similar improvements when walking. An added benefit is that less intrusive, more private cues are delivered by a wearable device that leaves the ears free for conversation, situation awareness, and safety. This paper presents a case study where rhythmic haptic cueing (RHC) was applied to one person with HD. The case study has two elements: the gait data we collected from our wearable devices and the comments we received from a group of highly trained expert physiotherapists and specialists in HD.

Objective
The objective of this case study was to investigate whether RHC can be applied to improve gait coordination and limb control in people living with HD. While not offering a cure, therapeutic outcomes may delay the onset or severity of symptoms, with the potential to improve and prolong quality of life.

Methods
The approach adopted for this study includes two elements, one quantitative and one qualitative. The first is a repeated-measures design with three conditions: before haptic rhythm (ie, baseline), with haptic rhythm, and after exposure to haptic rhythm. The second element is an in-depth interview with physiotherapists observing the session.

Results
In comparison to the baseline, the physiotherapists noted a number of improvements to the participant’s kinematics during her walk with the haptic cues. These improvements continued in the after-cue condition, indicating some lasting effects. The quantitative data obtained support the physiotherapists’ observations.

Conclusions
The findings from this small case study, with a single participant, suggest that a haptic metronomic rhythm may have immediate, potentially therapeutic benefits for the walking kinematics of people living with HD and warrants further investigation.
MODEL GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED PANEL REGRESSION (GWPR) DENGAN FUNGSI KERNEL FIXED GAUSSIAN PADA INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Wati Dia Cahya , Utami Herni 
Published: August 2020

The Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR) model is a com-bination of panel data and GWR. The GWPR model is a development of the globalregression model where ideas are taken from non-parametric regression. This model is alinear regression model that is local (local linear regression) which produces an estima-tor of the model parameters that affects local for each point or location where the datais collected. The purpose of this study is form a GWPR model with a fixed gaussiankernel weighting function in overcoming the problem of spatial effects and geographicalfactors that affect an area to another region. The data used in this study is secondarydata taken from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) website consisting of the HumanDevelopment Index in East Java 2013-2016. This study produces data for the making ofthe Human Development Index using the GWPR method in the formation of the model,where the coefficient of determination generated is 98,74%.Factors that increase HDI es-pecially Mojokerto Regency are average length of school (RLS), life expectancy (AHH),and the construction expensiveness index (IKK). Keywords: GWPR, Fixed Gaussian, Human Development Index, East Java.