bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narcolepsy with cataplexy: Does age at diagnosis change the clinical picture?
Authors: Zhang Min , Inocente Clara Odilia , Villanueva Carine , Lecendreux Michel , Dauvilliers Yves , Lin Jian‐Sheng , Arnulf Isabelle , Gustin Marie‐Paule , Thieux Marine , Franco Patricia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare symptoms and sleep characteristics in patients diagnosed with narcolepsy‐cataplexy (NC) before and after the age of 18 years.MethodsDe novo patients with NC diagnosis completed a standardized questionnaire and interview, followed by a sleep study. The clinical and sleep measures were compared between patients diagnosed before (46 children, median age: 12 year old) and after (46 adults, median age: 28.5 year old) 18 years of age.ResultsThe frequency of obesity (54% vs 17%), night eating (29% vs 7%), parasomnia (89% vs 43%), sleep talking (80% vs 34%), and sleep drunkenness (69% vs 24%) were higher in children than in adults, the frequency of sleep paralysis was lower (20% vs 55%) but the frequency of cataplexy and the severity of sleepiness were not different. Children scored higher than adults at the attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) scale. Depressive feelings affected not differently children (24%) and adults (32%). However, adults had lower quality of life than children. There was no difference between groups for insomnia and fatigue scores. Quality of life was essentially impacted by depressive feelings in both children and adults. Obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index (OAHI) was lower in children with higher mean and minimal oxygen saturation than in adults. No between‐group differences were found at the multiple sleep latency test. The body mass index (z‐score) was correlated with OAHI (r = .32).ConclusionAt time of NC diagnosis, children have more frequent obesity, night eating, parasomnia, sleep talking, drunkenness, and ADHD symptoms than adults, even if sleepiness and cataplexy do not differ. These differences should be considered to ensure a prompt diagnosis.
C1orf109L binding DHX9 promotes DNA damage depended on the R‐loop accumulation and enhances camptothecin chemosensitivity
Authors: Dou Peng , Li Yiqun , Sun Haoxiu , Xie Wanqiu , Zhang Xiaoqing , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhang Dandan , Qiao Shupei , Ci Yanpeng , Nie Huan , Han Fang , Li Yu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesR‐loop is a three‐stranded nucleic acid structure of RNA/DNA hybrid, which occurs naturally during transcription, and more R‐loop accumulation can trigger serious DNA damage. There has been increasing attention to the issue of R‐loop accumulation acted as a target for cancer therapy. However, the regulation of R‐loop‐associated proteins is poorly explored.Material and methodQuantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of C1orf109 in cell lines. In addition, C1orf109L (C1orf109 longest isoform) protein binding partner was identified and validated using immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometric (IP‐MS) and immunoprecipitation assays. DNA‐RNA immunoprecipitation (DR‐IP) and immunofluorescence determined the C1orf109L location on R‐loop. R‐loop accumulation was determined by immunofluorescence. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry. Finally, time‐lapse assay and cell counting were conducted to determined cell survival in response to camptothecin (CPT).ResultsWe found that C1orf109L could mediate cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and DNA damage depended on R‐loop accumulation. Meanwhile, C1orf109L could bind with DHX9 to trigger R‐loop accumulation. And C1orf109L was competitive with PARP1 binding to DHX9, which would block the function of DHX9‐PARP1 to prevent the R‐loop accumulation. Furthermore, C1orf109L could enhance the chemosensitivity of CPT, a chemotherapeutic drug capable of promoting R‐loop formation.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that C1orf109L triggers R‐loop accumulation and DNA damage to arrest cell cycle.
Risk factors of unfavorable outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated with noninvasive ventilation for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Authors: Gungor Sinem , Mocin Ozlem Yazicioglu , Tuncay Eylem , Aksoy Emine , Goksenoglu Nezihe Ciftaslan , Ocakli Birsen , Irmak Ilim , Salturk Cuneyt , Adiguzel Nalan , Karakurt Zuhal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground‐AimNoninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) failure rate is reported to be 5%‐60% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Despite all precautions and well‐known reasons, the risk factors of NIV failure are unclear for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with acute respiratory failure (ARF). The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for NIV failure in COPD patients with ARF, other than well defined.MethodsThe retrospective cohort study was done in ICU of a chest disease hospital. All consecutive COPD patients with hypercapnic ARF were enrolled in study. Demographics, comorbidities, arterial blood gases, reasons of ARF and length of ICU stay were recorded. NIV success was defined as discharge from ICU and NIV failure was defined as need for intubation or died during NIV. Patients were grouped into; NIV failure and success. The groups were compared and NIV failure risk factors were analyzed.ResultsAbout 265 NIV success and 142 NIV failure patients were enrolled into the study. Logistic regression test showed the risk factors for NIV failure; higher APACHE‐II (≥ 29) (OR:11.71, CI95%4.39‐31.18,P < 0.001), culture positivity (OR:7.59, CI95%3.21‐17.92,P < 0.001), sepsis (OR:6.53 CI95%3.59‐11.85,P < 0.001) and pneumonia (OR:3.71 CI95%0.60‐2.02,P < 0.043) significantly. COPD patients using home‐based NIV had less risk for NIV failure (OR: 0.49 CI95%0.28‐0.87,P < 0.014).ConclusionsAPACHE II ≥ 29 score, culture positivity, sepsis and pneumonia are the risk factors for NIV failure in COPD patients with ARF. COPD patients previously on home‐based NIV showed half times less risk for NIV failure.
Oral lymphangiectasia and gastrointestinal Crohn disease
Authors: Lenskaya Volha , Panji Parin , de Moll Ellen H. , Christian Kaci , Phelps Robert G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLip edema with non‐caseating granulomas or lymphangiectasia pose a clinical and pathological challenge. These findings can be attributed to cheilitis granulomatosa (CG), Melkersson‐Rosenthal syndrome (MRS), or Crohn disease (CD) depending on the appropriate clinical context. Lymphangiectasis, in particular, is a common pathological finding in CD due to lymphatic obstruction by granulomas and intralymphatic granulomas. Because oral symptoms can precede gastrointestinal symptoms of CD or be seen in patients with asymptomatic gastrointestinal disease, the identification of lymphangiectasia should raise the possibility of underlying CD. We present a case of a young woman with several years of lip swelling, with notable lymphangiectasia and subtle granulomas on pathological evaluation. The patient was diagnosed with MRS at an outside institution and treated with systemic steroids, without further systemic evaluation. We believe that early recognition of lymphangiectasia and consideration of CD early in the work‐up are critical for early diagnosis and appropriate management. Neither clinical nor histopathological findings should be used in isolation to diagnose GC, MRS, or CD as there is significant debate as to the etiology and overlapping findings of these conditions. We highlight the importance of lymphangiectasia in diagnosing underlying CD in the appropriate clinical context.
Toward Assessment in the Service of Learning
Authors: Gordon Edmund W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDrawing upon his experience, more than 60 years ago, as a psychometric support person to a very special teacher of brain damaged children, the author of this article reflects on the productive use of educational assessments and data from them to educate ‐ assessment in the service of learning. Findings from the Gordon Commission on the Future of Assessment are referenced to advocate for the position that educational assessments can and should be used to inform and improve teaching and learning processes and outcomes. The author argues for this counter intuitive claim, educational assessments and the data that are produced by them can be used in the service of teaching and learning. The argument draws on logic and emerging existence proofs. The second part of this article is devoted to brief descriptions of those existence proofs, half dozen emerging and established models of educational assessment transactions that are embedded in teaching and learning programs with the intention to improve both the teaching and the learning. This article does not include empirical evidence that either of these ends is achieved.
Nitrous oxide emissions from grass–clover swards as influenced by sward age and biological nitrogen fixation
Authors: Reinsch Thorsten , Malisch Carsten , Loges Ralf , Taube Friedhelm 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGrassland renovation by cultivation and reseeding has been shown to increase short‐term emissions of N2O, but there is uncertainty about long‐term effects, despite the potential impacts of reseeding on sward composition and soil functions. A field experiment was therefore carried out to determine how N2O emissions from previously renovated grasslands varied in the intermediate to long‐term, compared with an undisturbed permanent grassland (PG). Plots on the PG site were renovated, either two (G2) or five (G5) years prior to the two experimental years. In each sward age and experimental year, annual N2O‐measurements were conducted on a weekly basis and compared with the undisturbed PG. Plots were either unfertilized or were fertilized with slurry (240 kg N ha−1 year−1). On average, annual N2O emissions were 0.39 kg N/ha for the unfertilized swards, and 0.91 kg N/ha for slurry‐fertilized swards. Sward age had no effect on N2O emissions. With increasing sward age the proportion of legumes in the sward was reduced, but a minimum biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of 88 kg N/ha was maintained even in the fertilized PG. Both sward age and BNF were of limited importance for the annual N2O emissions compared with the effects of soil carbon content and nitrogen surplus levels. However, measured N2O emissions were low in all sward age treatments, with a low risk of additional N2O emissions when BNF is taken into account in fertilizer planning.
Evaluation of a community dental clinic providing care to people experiencing homelessness: A mixed methods approach
Authors: Paisi Martha , Baines Rebecca , Worle Christina , Withers Lyndsey , Witton Robert 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople who experience homelessness have higher dental treatment needs compared to the general population. However, their utilization of dental services and levels of treatment completion are low. Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise, a not‐for‐profit organization in the United Kingdom, established a community dental clinic to improve access to dental care for this population.ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact and acceptability of the community dental service for patients and examine the barriers and enablers to using and providing the service.MethodsThe evaluation included a retrospective assessment of anonymous patient data and thematic analysis of semi‐structured interviews with patients, support staff and service providers. The interviews were thematically analysed. A cost analysis of the dental service was also conducted.ResultsBy 18 February 2020, 89 patients had attended the clinic. These included 62 males (70%) and 27 females (30%), aged 38.43 years on average (SD ± 11.07). Of these, 42 (47%) patients have completed their treatment, 23 (26%) are in active treatment and 24 (27%) left treatment. In total, 684 appointments (541.5 hours clinical time) were given. Of these, 82% (562) of appointments were attended (452.5 hours clinical time). The 22 interviews that were conducted identified flexibility, close collaboration with support services and health‐care team attitudes as key factors influencing service utilization and continuity of care.ConclusionsThis study provides details of a highly acceptable and accessible dental care model for people experiencing homelessness, with recommendations at research, practice and commissioning levels.
Impact of COVID‐19 on an Australian intensive care unit: lessons learned from South Australia
Authors: Nadkarni Aniket , Alderson Steven , Collett Luke , Maiden Matthew , Reddi Benjamin , Sundararajan Krishnaswamy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe scale of the COVID‐19 pandemic represents unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems. We describe a cohort of 18 critically ill COVID‐19 patients – to our knowledge the highest number, in a single intensive care unit in Australia. We discuss the complex challenges and dynamic solutions that concern an intensive care unit pandemic response. Acting as the State's COVID‐19 referral hospital, we provide local insights to consider alongside national guidelines.
Licence required: French lesbian parents confront the obligation to marry in order to establish kinship
Authors: Stambolis‐Ruhstorfer Michael , Descoutures Virginie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBefore 2013, French children could not have two parents of the same sex. For example, non‐biologically related mothers in lesbian couples were legally invisible and prohibited to use second‐parent adoption. A 2013 bill legalising same‐sex marriage and adoption authorised that option. However, this reform requires same‐sex couples – but not heterosexual couples – to marry before establishing parental rights. Given this inequality, we ask: compared to their heterosexual peers, do French same‐sex couples with children marry more often? What do they think about same‐sex marriage in general and their own marriages in particular? To answer these questions, we draw on survey responses and interviews from the first national cohort study of French same‐sex couples, most of whom are lesbian, raising children born between 2011 and 2013 (n = 162). We find significantly higher marriage rates among same‐sex parents compared to different‐sex parents. What may appear at first glance to be an unvarnished attachment to marriage is belied by discriminatory logics requiring couples to go against their stated ambivalence towards the institution of marriage in order to safeguard their parental rights. We argue that this burden is a form of legal violence that enforces heterosexist norms through legislation that was ostensibly enacted in the name of equality.
A closer examination of the ‘abundant centre’ hypothesis for reef fishes
Authors: Yancovitch Shalom Hagar , Granot Itai , Blowes Shane A. , Friedlander Alan , Mellin Camille , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo Leite , Arias‐González Jesús Ernesto , Kulbicki Michel , Floeter Sergio R. , Chabanet Pascale , Parravicini Valeriano , Belmaker Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe ‘abundant centre’ hypothesis states that species are more abundant at the centre of their range. However, several recent large‐scale studies have failed to find evidence for such a pattern. Here we used extensive global data of reef fishes to test the ‘abundant centre’ pattern, and to examine variation in the abundance patterns across species using life history and ecological traits.LocationMarine habitat at a global extent: from Indo‐Pacific to Atlantic reefs.MethodsWe used underwater visual estimates of fish abundance, containing 22,963 transects and 1,215 species. For each species we calculated the slope between abundance and distance to the range centre, with the range centre estimated using four different methods. We tested whether abundance patterns differ between the range core and margins using segmented regression. Meta‐analytic methods were used to synthesize results across species, and to test whether species traits can explain variation in the fit to the pattern among species.ResultsThe method used to define the range centre had a large effect on the results. Nevertheless, in all cases we found large variation between species. Results of the segmented regression revealed that changes in abundance across the range core are very small and that steep declines in abundance happen only towards the range margins. Body size and mean abundance were the main traits affecting the fit to the pattern across species.Main conclusionsWe find large variation across species in the fit to the abundance centre pattern. Nevertheless, we do find support for a general pattern of a range core with high, but variable, abundance and steep decline in abundance towards the range periphery. Thus, species do tend to be rare at the range margins, making them sensitive to extirpation due to both natural and anthropogenic impacts.
IL‐27 Rα+ cells promoted allorejection via enhancing STAT1/3/5 phosphorylation
Authors: Zhao Shanshan , Liang Ting , Zhang Chao , Shi Dai , Jiang Wen , Su Chen , Hou Guihua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecently, emerging evidence strongly suggested that the activation of interleukin‐27 Receptor α (IL‐27Rα) could modulate different inflammatory diseases. However, whether IL‐27Rα affects allotransplantation rejection is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of IL‐27Rα on allorejection both in vivo and in vitro. The skin allotransplantation mice models were established, and the dynamic IL‐27Rα/IL‐27 expression was detected, and IL‐27Rα+ spleen cells adoptive transfer was performed. STAT1/3/5 phosphorylation, proliferation and apoptosis were investigated in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) with recombinant IL‐27 (rIL‐27) stimulation. Finally, IFN‐γ/ IL‐10 in graft/serum from model mice was detected. Results showed higher IL‐27Rα/IL‐27 expression in allografted group compared that syngrafted group on day 10 (top point of allorejection). IL‐27Rα+ spleen cells accelerated allograft rejection in vivo. rIL‐27 significantly promoted proliferation, inhibited apoptosis and increased STAT1/3/5 phosphorylation of alloreactive splenocytes, and these effects of rIL‐27 could be almost totally blocked by JAK/ STAT inhibitor and anti‐IL‐27 p28 Ab. Finally, higher IL‐27Rα+IFN‐γ+ cells and lower IL‐27Rα+IL‐10+ cells within allografts, and high IFN‐γ/low IL‐10 in serum of allorejecting mice were detected. In conclusion, these data suggested that IL‐27Rα+ cells apparently promoted allograft rejection through enhancing alloreactive proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis and up‐regulating IFN‐γ via enhancing STAT pathway. Blocking IL‐27 pathway may favour to prevent allorejection, and IL‐27Rα may be as a high selective molecule for targeting diagnosis and therapy for allotransplantation rejection.
Differences in human papilloma virus vaccination prevalence, testing, knowledge on vaccination, cancer awareness and sexual activities between male and female medical and non‐medical students
Authors: Chernyshov P.V. , Semushyna T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough most European countries experienced a decrease in cervical cancer mortality, Ukraine, Latvia and Belarus have experienced an increase in mortality. There is no national vaccination programme against human papilloma virus (HPV) in Ukraine, and vaccination rates are low.ObjectivesTo study the knowledge of HPV‐related cancers and vaccination amongst medical and non‐medical students with a view to a better organization of educational interventions.MethodsMale and female students of the Bogomolets National Medical University and non‐medical students of other universities from Kiev were asked to fill in an anonymous survey of HPV vaccination prevalence, testing, knowledge on vaccination, HPV‐related cancer awareness and sexual activities.ResultsMedical students showed better knowledge, higher prevalence of HPV testing and later sexual debut when compared to non‐medical students. Female students showed higher awareness of HPV‐related cancers except oral and rectal cancers and better knowledge of vaccination. The highest vaccination rate was in female medical students (6.56%) but the difference was not significant. First‐ to third‐year students reported the lowest knowledge of all related aspects.ConclusionsDespite the absence of a national HPV vaccination programme, all students should be informed that HPV vaccination is available and recommended for all young persons. They should also be informed that it is possible to buy the vaccine and that there is evidence of clear benefit of vaccination. Factors limiting vaccine uptake (other than high vaccine cost) should be addressed by educational interventions. Information campaigns for students in their 1st and 2nd years of studies are especially important.
Shared decision making for adults with severe mental illness: A concept analysis
Authors: Aoki Yumi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimShared decision making for adults with severe mental illness has increasingly attracted attention. However, this concept has not been comprehensively clarified. This review aimed to clarify a concept of shared decision making for adults with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder, and propose an adequate definition.MethodsRodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was used. MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL were searched for articles written in English and published between 2010 and November 2019. The search terms were “psychiatr*” or “mental” or “schizophren*” or “depression” or “bipolar disorder”, combined with “shared decision making”. In total, 70 articles met the inclusion criteria. An inductive approach was used to identify themes and sub‐themes related to shared decision making for adults with severe mental illness. Surrogate terms and a definition of the concept were also described.ResultsFour key attributes were identified: user–professional relationship, communication process, user‐friendly visualization, and broader stakeholder approach. Communication process was the densest attribute, which consisted of five phases: goal sharing, information sharing, deliberation, mutual agreement, and follow‐up. The antecedents as prominent predisposing factors were long‐term complex illness, power imbalance, global trend, users' desire, concerns, and stigma. The consequences included decision‐related outcomes, users' changes, professionals' changes, and enhanced relationship.ConclusionsShared decision making for adults with severe mental illness is a communication process, involving both user‐friendly visualization techniques and broader stakeholders. The process may overcome traditional power imbalance and encourage changes among both users and professionals that could enhance the dyadic relationship.