bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile health (mHealth) usage, barriers, and technological considerations in persons with multiple sclerosis: a literature review
Authors: Gromisch Elizabeth S , Turner Aaron P , Haselkorn Jodie K , Lo Albert C , Agresta Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) can face a number of potential healthcare-related barriers, for which mobile health (mHealth) technology can be potentially beneficial. This review aimed to understand the frequency, current uses, and potential barriers with mHealth usage among persons with MS.

Methods
A query string was used to identify articles on PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and IEEE Xplore that were published in English between January 2010 and December 2019. Abstracts were reviewed and selected based on a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifty-nine peer-reviewed research studies related to the study questions are summarized.

Results
The majority of persons with MS were reported as using smartphones, although rates of mHealth utilization varied widely. mHealth usage was grouped into 3 broad categories: (1) disability and symptom measurement; (2) interventions and symptom management; and (3) tracking and promoting adherence. While there have been an increasing number of mHealth options, certain limitations associated with MS (eg, poor dexterity, memory problems) may affect usage, although including persons with MS in the design process can address some of these issues.

Discussion
Given the increased attention to mHealth in this population and the current need for telehealth and at home devices, it is important that persons with MS and healthcare providers are involved in the development of new mHealth tools to ensure that the end product meets their needs. Considerations for addressing the potential mHealth use barriers in persons with MS are discussed.
Feed intake and feeding behavior traits for gestating sows recorded using electronic sow feeders
Authors: Vargovic Laura , Hermesch Susanne , Athorn Rebecca Z , Bunter Kim L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Electronic sow feeding (ESF) systems are used to control feed delivery to individual sows that are group-housed. Feeding levels for gestating sows are typically restricted to prevent excessive body weight gain. Any alteration of intake from the allocated feeding curve or unusual feeding behavior could indicate potential health issues. The objective of this study was to use data recorded by ESF to establish and characterize novel feed intake and feeding behavior traits and to estimate their heritabilities. Raw data were available from two farms with in-house manufactured (Farm A) or commercial (Farm B) ESF. The traits derived included feed intake, time spent eating, and rate of feed consumption, averaged across or within specific time periods of gestation. Additional phenotypes included average daily number of feeding events (AFE), along with the cumulative numbers of days where sows spent longer than 30 min in the ESF (ABOVE30), missed their daily intake (MISSF), or consumed below 1 kg of feed (BELOW1). The appetite of sows was represented by averages of score (APPETITE), a binary value for allocation eaten or not (DA_bin), or the standard deviation of the difference between feed intake and allocation (SDA-I). Gilts took longer to eat than sows (15.5 ± 0.13 vs. 14.1 ± 0.11 min/d) despite a lower feed allocation (2.13 ± 0.00 vs. 2.36 ± 0.01 kg/d). The lowest heritability estimates (below 0.10) occurred for feed intake traits, due to the restriction in feed allocation, although heritabilities were slightly higher for Farm B, with restriction in the eating time. The low heritability for AFE (0.05 ± 0.02) may have reflected the lack of recording of nonfeeding visits, but repeatability was moderate (0.26 ± 0.03, Farm A). Time-related traits were moderately to highly heritable and repeatable, demonstrating genetic variation between individuals in their feeding behaviors. Heritabilities for BELOW1 (Farm A: 0.16 ± 0.04 and Farm B: 0.15 ± 0.09) and SDA-I (Farm A: 0.17 ± 0.04 and Farm B: 0.10 ± 0.08) were similar across farms. In contrast, MISSF was moderately heritable in Farm A (0.19 ± 0.04) but lowly heritable in Farm B (0.05 ± 0.07). Heritabilities for DA_bin were dissimilar between farms (Farm A: 0.02 ± 0.02 and Farm B: 0.23 ± 0.10) despite similar incidence. Individual phenotypes constructed from ESF data could be useful for genetic evaluation purposes, but equivalent capabilities to generate phenotypes were not available for both ESF systems.
Comparison of performance of F1 Romanov crossbred ewes with wool and hair breeds during spring lambing under intensive and extensive production systems
Authors: Freking Brad A , Murphy Tom W 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective was to evaluate wool (Dorset and Rambouillet) and hair (Dorper, Katahdin, and White Dorper) breeds for their ability to complement Romanov germplasm in two distinct production systems by estimating direct sire and grandsire effects on lamb growth, survival, and ewe productivity traits. Rams of the five breeds (n = 75) were mated to Romanov ewes (n = 459) over a 3-yr period to produce five types of crossbred lambs (n = 2,739). Sire breed (P &gt; 0.06) did not impact body weight or survival traits of the first-generation crossbred (F1) lambs. The productivity of retained crossbred ewes (n = 830) mated to Suffolk and Texel terminal sires was evaluated at 1, 2, and 3 yr of age in each production system. In the intensive production system, labor and harvested feed were provided for sheep that lambed in March in barns, and ewes were limited to rearing two lambs with additional lambs reared artificially. Ewes in the extensive production system lambed in May on pasture and were responsible for rearing all lambs born with no labor or supplemental feed provided before weaning. A total of 1,962 litters and 4,171 lambs from 2,229 exposures to two terminal sire breeds (Suffolk and Texel) were produced in the experiment. Crossbred ewes in the intensive production system were mated in October, resulting in larger litter sizes than crossbred ewes mated in December for the extensive production system. However, single- and twin-born lamb mortality was similar between the two systems that differed greatly in labor, feed, and facilities. Lambs produced in the intensive system received concentrate feed from an early age and were heavier at 24 wk of age than lambs produced in the extensive system. These outcomes resulted in greater 24-wk litter weight in the intensive than in the extensive system (P &lt; 0.0001). Unexpectedly, the relative performance of crossbred types did not differ importantly between production systems. White Dorper × Romanov crossbred ewes had numerical advantages in productivity in each system; however, differences between ewe types were not significant. In the extensive system, without labor and shelter at lambing or supplemental feed until weaning, 3-yr-old crossbred ewes of all types averaged 1.78 lambs marketed per ewe lambing, and 40% of the ewes that gave birth to triplets weaned their entire litters. These results document that prolific sheep and extensive systems can be successfully combined if appropriate crossbred types are used.
Rice transcription factor MADS32 regulates floral patterning through interactions with multiple floral homeotic genes
Authors: Hu Yun , Wang Li , Jia Ru , Liang Wanqi , Zhang Xuelian , Xu Jie , Chen Xiaofei , Lu Dan , Chen Mingjiao , Luo Zhijing , Xie Jiayang , Cao Liming , Xu Ben , Yu Yu , Persson Staffan , Zhang Dabing , Yuan Zheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFloral patterning is regulated by intricate networks of floral identity genes. The peculiar MADS32 subfamily genes, absent in eudicots but prevalent in monocots, control floral organ identity. However, how the MADS32 family genes interact with other floral homeotic genes during flower development is mostly unknown. We show here that the rice homeotic transcription factor OsMADS32 regulates floral patterning by interacting synergistically with E class protein OsMADS6 in a dosage-dependent manner. Furthermore, our results indicate important roles for OsMADS32 in defining stamen, pistil, and ovule development through physical and genetic interactions with OsMADS1, OsMADS58, and OsMADS13, and in specifying floral meristem identity with OsMADS6, OsMADS3, and OsMADS58, respectively. Our findings suggest that OsMADS32 is an important factor for floral meristem identity maintenance and that it integrates the action of other MADS-box homeotic proteins to sustain floral organ specification and development in rice. Given that OsMADS32 is an orphan gene and absent in eudicots, our data substantially expand our understanding of flower development in plants.
An active galactic nucleus recognition model based on deep neural network
Authors: Chen Bo Han , Goto Tomotsugu , Kim Seong Jin , Wang Ting Wen , Santos Daryl Joe D , Ho Simon C-C , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Poliszczuk Artem , Pollo Agnieszka , Trippe Sascha , Miyaji Takamitsu , Toba Yoshiki , Malkan Matthew , Serjeant Stephen , Pearson Chris , Hwang Ho Seong , Kim Eunbin , Shim Hyunjin , Lu Ting Yi , Hsiao Yu-Yang , Huang Ting-Chi , Herrera-Endoqui Martín , Bravo-Navarro Blanca , Matsuhara Hideo 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
To understand the cosmic accretion history of supermassive black holes, separating the radiation from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) is critical. However, a reliable solution on photometrically recognizing AGNs still remains unsolved. In this work, we present a novel AGN recognition method based on Deep Neural Network (Neural Net; NN). The main goals of this work are (i) to test if the AGN recognition problem in the North Ecliptic Pole Wide (NEPW) field could be solved by NN; (ii) to show that NN exhibits an improvement in the performance compared with the traditional, standard spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting method in our testing samples; and (iii) to publicly release a reliable AGN/SFG catalogue to the astronomical community using the best available NEPW data, and propose a better method that helps future researchers plan an advanced NEPW data base. Finally, according to our experimental result, the NN recognition accuracy is around 80.29 per cent–85.15 per cent, with AGN completeness around 85.42 per cent–88.53 per cent and SFG completeness around 81.17 per cent–85.09 per cent.
High resolution observations of molecular emission lines toward the CI Tau proto-planetary disc: planet-carved gaps or shadowing?
Authors: Rosotti Giovanni P , Ilee John D , Facchini Stefano , Tazzari Marco , Booth Richard A , Clarke Cathie , Kama Mihkel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent observations have revealed that most proto-planetary discs show a pattern of bright rings and dark gaps. However, most of the high-resolution observations have focused only on the continuum emission. In this Paper we present high-resolution ALMA band 7 (0.89mm) observations of the disc around the star CI Tau in the 12CO & 13CO J = 3–2 and CS J = 7–6 emission lines. Our recent work demonstrated that the disc around CI Tau contains three gaps and rings in continuum emission, and we look for their counterparts in the gas emission. While we find no counterpart of the third gap and ring in 13CO, the disc has a gap in emission at the location of the second continuum ring (rather than gap). We demonstrate that this is mostly an artefact of the continuum subtraction, although a residual gap still remains after accounting for this effect. Through radiative transfer modelling we propose this is due to the inner disc shadowing the outer parts of the disc and making them colder. This raises a note of caution in mapping high-resolution gas emission lines observations to the gas surface density – while possible, this needs to be done carefully. In contrast to 13CO, CS emission shows instead a ring morphology, most likely due to chemical effects. Finally, we note that 12CO is heavily absorbed by the foreground preventing any morphological study using this line.
The delay time distribution of supernovae from integral-field spectroscopy of nearby galaxies
Authors: Castrillo Asier , Ascasibar Yago , Galbany Lluís , Sánchez Sebastián F , Badenes Carles , Anderson Joseph P , Kuncarayakti Hanindyo , Lyman Joseph D , Díaz Angeles I 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Constraining the delay time distribution (DTD) of different supernova (SN) types can shed light on the time-scales of galaxy chemical enrichment and feedback processes affecting galaxy dynamics, and SN progenitor properties. Here, we present an approach to recover SN DTDs based on integral-field spectroscopy (IFS) of their host galaxies. Using a statistical analysis of a sample of 116 SNe in 102 galaxies, we evaluate different DTD models for SN types Ia (73), II (28), and Ib/c (15). We find the best SN Ia DTD fit to be a power law with an exponent α = −1.1 ± 0.3 (50 per cent confidence interval (C.I.)), and a time delay (between star formation and the first SNe) $\Delta = 50^{+100}_{-35}~\mathrm{Myr}$ (50 per cent C.I.). For core collapse (CC) SNe, both of the Zapartas et al. DTD models for single and binary stellar evolution are consistent with our results. For SNe II and Ib/c, we find a correlation with a Gaussian DTD model with $\sigma = 82^{+129}_{-23}~\mathrm{Myr}$ and $\sigma = 56^{+141}_{-9}~\mathrm{Myr}$ (50 per cent C.I.), respectively. This analysis demonstrates that IFS opens a new way of studying SN DTD models in the local Universe.
LRO/LAMP observations of the lunar helium exosphere: constraints on thermal accommodation and outgassing rate
Authors: Grava Cesare , Hurley Dana M , Feldman Paul D , Retherford Kurt D , Greathouse Thomas K , Pryor Wayne R , Gladstone G Randall , Halekas Jasper S , Mandt Kathleen E , Wyrick Danielle Y , Davis Michael W , Egan Anthony F , Kaufmann David E , Versteeg Maarten H , Stern S Alan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
We report a comprehensive study by the UV spectrograph LAMP (Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project) onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to map the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of helium atoms in the lunar exosphere, via spectroscopy of the He i emission line at 58.4 nm. Comparisons with several Monte Carlo models show that lunar exospheric helium is fully thermalized with the surface (accommodation coefficient of 1.0). LAMP-derived helium source rates are compared to the flux of solar wind alpha particles measured in situ by the ARTEMIS twin spacecraft. Our observations confirm that these alpha particles (He++) are the main source of lunar exospheric helium, representing 79 per cent of the total source rate, with the remaining 21 per cent presumed to be outgassing from the lunar interior. The endogenic source rate we derive, (1.49 ± 0.08) ×  106 cm−2 s−1, is consistent with previous measurements but is now better constrained. LAMP-constrained exospheric surface densities present a dawn/dusk ratio of ∼1.8, within the value measured by the Apollo 17 surface mass spectrometer LACE (Lunar Atmosphere Composition Experiment). Finally, observations of lunar helium during three Earth’s magnetotail crossings, when the Moon is shielded from the solar wind, confirm previous observations of an exponential decay of helium with a time constant of 4.5 d
Revisiting the HD 21749 planetary system with stellar activity modelling
Authors: Gan Tianjun , Wang Sharon Xuesong , Teske Johanna K , Mao Shude , Howard Ward S , Law Nicholas M , Batalha Natasha E , Vanderburg Andrew , Dragomir Diana , Huang Chelsea X , Feng Fabo , Butler R Paul , Crane Jeffrey D , Shectman Stephen A , Beletsky Yuri , Shporer Avi , Montet Benjamin T , Burt Jennifer A , Feinstein Adina D , Flowers Erin , Nandakumar Sangeetha , Barbieri Mauro , Corbett Hank , Ratzloff Jeffrey K , Galliher Nathan , Chavez Ramses Gonzalez , Vasquez Alan , Glazier Amy , Haislip Joshua 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
HD 21749 is a bright (V = 8.1 mag) K dwarf at 16 pc known to host an inner terrestrial planet HD 21749c as well as an outer sub-Neptune HD 21749b, both delivered by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Follow-up spectroscopic observations measured the mass of HD 21749b to be 22.7 ± 2.2 M⊕ with a density of $7.0^{+1.6}_{-1.3}$ g cm−3, making it one of the densest sub-Neptunes. However, the mass measurement was suspected to be influenced by stellar rotation. Here, we present new high-cadence PFS RV data to disentangle the stellar activity signal from the planetary signal. We find that HD 21749 has a similar rotational time-scale as the planet’s orbital period, and the amplitude of the planetary orbital RV signal is estimated to be similar to that of the stellar activity signal. We perform Gaussian process regression on the photometry and RVs from HARPS and PFS to model the stellar activity signal. Our new models reveal that HD 21749b has a radius of 2.86 ± 0.20 R⊕, an orbital period of 35.6133 ± 0.0005 d with a mass of Mb = 20.0 ± 2.7 M⊕ and a density of $4.8^{+2.0}_{-1.4}$ g cm−3 on an eccentric orbit with e = 0.16 ± 0.06, which is consistent with the most recent values published for this system. HD 21749c has an orbital period of 7.7902 ± 0.0006 d, a radius of 1.13 ± 0.10 R⊕, and a 3σ mass upper limit of 3.5 M⊕. Our Monte Carlo simulations confirm that without properly taking stellar activity signals into account, the mass measurement of HD 21749b is likely to arrive at a significantly underestimated error bar.
Observing relativistic features in large-scale structure surveys – I. Multipoles of the power spectrum
Authors: Guandalin Caroline , Adamek Julian , Bull Philip , Clarkson Chris , Abramo L Raul , Coates Louis 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Planned efforts to probe the largest observable distance scales in future cosmological surveys are motivated by a desire to detect relic correlations left over from inflation and the possibility of constraining novel gravitational phenomena beyond general relativity (GR). On such large scales, the usual Newtonian approaches to modelling summary statistics like the power spectrum and bispectrum are insufficient, and we must consider a fully relativistic and gauge-independent treatment of observables such as galaxy number counts in order to avoid subtle biases, e.g. in the determination of the fNL parameter.In this work, we present an initial application of an analysis pipeline capable of accurately modelling and recovering relativistic spectra and correlation functions. As a proof of concept, we focus on the non-zero dipole of the redshift-space power spectrum that arises in the cross-correlation of different mass bins of dark matter haloes, using strictly gauge-independent observable quantities evaluated on the past light cone of a fully relativistic N-body simulation in a redshift bin 1.7 ≤ z ≤ 2.9. We pay particular attention to the correct estimation of power spectrum multipoles, comparing different methods of accounting for complications such as the survey geometry (window function) and evolution/bias effects on the past light cone, and discuss how our results compare with previous attempts at extracting novel GR signatures from relativistic simulations.
The Catechism: A Malleable Means to Disparate Ends (1750–1850)
Authors: Connaughton Brian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe catechism has a centuries-long history and has been used for numerous, initially religious, purposes. Forcefully present throughout is its tendency to simplify and condense complex beliefs into a frank and accessible prose. Catechisms began to include polemical elements early on, as they not only taught dogma but defended orthodoxy. Changing religious sensitivities led to competition among catechisms, with French catechisms being translated and becoming influential in New Spain. By the nineteenth century, politics itself was transforming in the Spanish monarchy, and catechisms were called on to include civic precepts. Before long, the catechism would be a tool for disseminating scientific, technical, and political information in a simplified way in an independent Mexico. Once again, catechisms reflected political preferences. But they were also a central factor in the expansion of citizenship and popular participation in politics. Youth and women, as well as men, would all be taught precepts in a catechistical fashion. Many times, varied texts of this sort were titled catechisms. In other cases, where titles of such works did not reflect the origin of the format, their content often did.
Health Care Services and EU Competition Law
Authors: Odudu Okeoghene 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This chapter investigates how, within a number of European Union (EU) Member States, competition law has been used to address problems of market power in the healthcare services sector. It summarizes the relevant EU and national competition laws and considers the experience of applying those laws to providers of healthcare services. The chapter is chiefly concerned with healthcare services in England, although examples are drawn for other EU Member States. Examination of the English experience provides a view of the use of competition law to address market power problems in most elements of the health system matrix. The chapter then considers three challenges that emerge from that experience of using competition law to address problems of market power in healthcare service markets. The first challenges the applicability of competition law to healthcare service providers operating in each or every element of the healthcare system matrix. The second, accepting applicability, questions the appropriateness of the substantive rules to healthcare services. The third, a battle of authority and autonomy, considers whether decisions made by healthcare service providers should be subject to external review and the type of review that competition law offers.
Historical Memory-Making in South Africa
Authors: Autry Robyn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In South Africa, as elsewhere, historical memory is a social thing. It takes on object properties through memorials, museums, archives, and other sites of memory. Some movement leaders, academics, and ordinary citizens took issue with apartheid-era memory projects, while others fiercely defended them. The memorial landscape in democratic South Africa is thus an unsettled collective space where claims about the past—what happened and what should we make of it—are challenged just as quickly as they are asserted. This chapter discusses these challenges and assertions as historical memory making endeavors to establish norms and rituals of collective remembrance.
Cultural Rights and Cultural Heritage as a Global Concern
Authors: Jakubowski Andrzej 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter considers the impact of anthropology on legal thought and practice in relation to cultural rights and cultural heritage at the global level. It examines the mainstreaming of cultural heritage and cultural rights by analysing the normative and operational activities of the international community through its institutions and instruments of global governance. The author argues that the impact of anthropology on the global regime of cultural rights and cultural heritage consists in the employment of anthropological knowledge and expertise in the practical operationalization of culture in international law and policy. In this regard, the chapter delves into the nature and consequences of this employment in relation to the two core aspects: the rhetorical and conceptual evolution of the notion of cultural heritage in international law, and the rise of cultural rights as collective rights. Accordingly, it scrutinizes various stages of the heritigization and anthropologization of both international human rights law and international cultural heritage law from the end of the Second World War to the present. The chapter concludes with an evaluation of the current legal avenues for addressing global challenges in the domains of cultural heritage and cultural rights, which points to the pressing need for more efficient modalities of global solidarity.