bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐rated peri‐implant oral symptoms and clinicoradiographic characteristics in Narghile‐smokers, cigarette‐smokers, and nonsmokers with peri‐implantitis
Authors: Alqahtani Fawaz , Alqhtani Nasser , Divakar Darshan D. , Shetty Sapna B. , Shetty Bharathraj , Alkhtani Fahad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe hypothesis is that self‐rated peri‐implant oral symptoms (OS) and clinical (plaque index [PI] and probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (crestal bone loss [CBL]) are higher in (cigarette‐smokers [CS]) and (waterpipe‐users) than (nonsmokers [NS]). The aim was to relate peri‐implant self‐perceived OS with clinico‐radiographic parameters among CS, waterpipe‐users, and NS.Materials and MethodsThis study was performed on self‐reported CS, waterpipe‐users, and NS with peri‐implantitis. A questionnaire was used to record peri‐implant self‐perceived OS (pain in gums, bleeding gums, bad breath, and loose implant) and demographic data (age, sex, duration of smoking and waterpipe usage, duration of implants in function, duration since diagnosis of peri‐implantitis). Clinico‐radiographic parameters (CBL, PD, PI, and bleeding on probing [BOP]) were also measured; and compared with the self‐perceived OS. Group comparisons were done for perceived OS and clinico‐radiographic variables, and significant differences were deemed whenP‐values were under .05.ResultsOne hundred male participants (35 CS, 33 waterpipe‐users, and 32 NS) with peri‐implantitis were included. Pain in gums (P < .05) and bad breath (P < .05) were more frequently perceived by CS and waterpipe‐users than NS. There was no significant difference in perceived bleeding gums around the implant or loose implant among all groups. The CBL (P < .01), PI (P < .001), and PD (P < .01) were significantly high in CS and waterpipe‐users than NS. NS (P < .05) had significantly higher BOP than waterpipe‐users and CS. There was no significant difference in CBL, PI, PD, and BOP among waterpipe‐users and CS.ConclusionTobacco‐smokers present with worse peri‐implant perceived OS and clinicoradiograhic parameters than nonsmokers with peri‐implantitis.
miR‐92b promotes gastric cancer growth by activating the DAB2IP‐mediated PI3K/AKT signalling pathway
Authors: Ni Qing‐feng , Zhang Yan , Yu Jia‐wei , Hua Ru‐heng , Wang Qu‐hui , Zhu Jian‐wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesmiR‐92b has been reported to play critical roles in several carcinomas; however, our understanding of the mechanisms by which miR‐92b stimulates gastric cancer (GC) is incomplete. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and functional relevance of miR‐92b in GC.Materials and methodsExpression of miR‐92b in GC and peritumoural tissues was determined using qRT‐PCR, in situ hybridization and bioinformatics. CCK‐8, colony formation and fluorescence‐activated cell sorting assays were utilized to explore the effect of miR‐92b on GC cells. A luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting were employed to verify miR‐92b targeting of DAB2IP. Furthermore, Western blotting was used to evaluate the levels of DAB2IP and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway‐related proteins.ResultsIn this study, we found that miR‐92b was upregulated in GC tissues compared with peritumoural tissues. Overexpression of miR‐92b promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, and G0/G1 transition and decreased apoptosis. Our results indicated that miR‐92b repressed the expression of DAB2IP and that loss of DAB2IP activated the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Overexpression of DAB2IP rescued the effects of miR‐92b in GC cells. Finally, our results demonstrated a significant correlation between miR‐92b expression and DAB2IP expression in GC tissues.ConclusionsOur results suggest that miR‐92b promotes GC cell proliferation by activating the DAB2IP‐mediated PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. The miR‐92b/DAB2IP/PI3K/AKT signalling axis may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent GC progression.
The expansion wave of an invasive predator leaves declining waterbird populations behind
Authors: Brzeziński Marcin , Żmihorski Michał , Nieoczym Marek , Wilniewczyc Piotr , Zalewski Andrzej 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTheory predicts that the evolutionary adaptations of prey to reduce predator pressure often fail in confrontation with non‐native predators; thus, their predation usually leads to sharp declines of prey populations. However, over time, prey can develop anti‐predator adaptations, reduce predator impact and recover its population. We analyse the numerical response of multiple prey species to the impact of a non‐native predator on a large spatiotemporal scale.LocationPoland.MethodsLong‐term population dynamics of 13 waterbird species breeding in 123 sites were analysed with reference to the present and historical distribution of mink over 40 years. We rescaled the temporal waterbird dynamics to the time elapsed since the mink colonized each site.ResultsThe steepest waterbird declines were recorded up to 15 years after establishment of the mink population, and in that period, waterbird abundance averaged across the 13 studied species declined by 50% but certain species showed different patterns: the abundance of eight species declined linearly or nonlinearly, whereas the breeding populations of five other species did not change significantly. Over time, the abundance of some declining species increased slightly and tended to stabilize at a lower level. The temporal pattern of waterbird dynamics averaged across species correlated closely with temporal changes of mink density with a 4‐year time‐lag. A projection of the observed patterns shows that waterbird decline following the expansion of mink has the shape of a wave travelling from the north to the south of Poland.Main conclusionsWe conclude that the impact of the invasive American mink should be considered an important factor affecting waterbird populations at a large geographical scale. The waterbird vulnerability to mink predation is species‐specific, and over time the negative impact grows weak as mink population densities decline.
Keeping it real or keeping it simple? Ownership concentration measures compared
Authors: Mavruk Taylan , Overland Conny , Sjögren Stefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe analyze the distributional properties of ownership concentration measures and find that measures come from different underlying statistical distributions. Consistent with theory, some measures that are classified to represent a monitoring dimension have a positive influence on firm performance; other measures that are interpreted to represent a shareholder conflict dimension are negatively related to firm performance. However, other measures deviate from this pattern, and therefore, we cannot conclude that simple measures can replace complicated measures. Some measures are more suitable for analyzing the relationship between management and owners, whereas other measures are more suitable for analyzing the relationships among owners.
Risk factors for duration of equine rhinitis A virus respiratory disease
Authors: Rossi T. M. , Moore A. , O’Sullivan T. L. , Greer A. L. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundInfectious respiratory disease is common in young horses and can impact athletic performance and long‐term health. Significant variation in the duration of clinical disease has been observed, even in the absence of secondary complications. The determination of factors associated with disease chronicity may facilitate clinical decision‐making and the development of improved biosecurity protocols.ObjectiveTo investigate contact network characteristics, and demographic variables associated with time to clinical recovery from Equine Rhinitis A virus respiratory disease.Study designProspective cohort study.MethodsYearling Standardbred racehorses (n = 58) housed in a multi‐barn training facility in Southern Ontario were included. Horses were monitored daily for clinical signs of acute respiratory disease over a 41‐day period in Autumn 2017. Contact patterns between horses, including older racehorses, were determined through use of proximity loggers attached to halters during the initial 7‐day of the study. Associations between duration of disease, demographic factors (birth month, gait, sex and yearling sale), serologic titres and network metrics (degree, betweenness and Eigenvector centrality) were investigated using a Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsYearling attack rate for infectious respiratory disease was 87.9% (n = 51). Median time to recovery was 6 days (IQR = 1–32) and 17 horses were censored due to early withdrawal or failure to recover during the study period. In those yearlings born February–May, birth month was significant in the Cox proportional hazard model (Hazard Ratio 0.7, 95% CI 0.49–1, P = 0.05).Main limitationProbability of censoring was not independent of outcome which necessitated use of sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest late born foals are less likely to recover quickly from infectious respiratory disease.
Chondromalacia of the cranial medial femoral condyle; its occurrence and association with clinical outcome in a population of adult horses with stifle lameness
Authors: Croxford A. K. , Parker R. A. , Burford J. H. , Lloyd D. , Boswell J. C. , Hughes T. K. , Phillips T. J. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundChondromalacia of the cranial medial femoral condyle (CMFC) is a potential cause of stifle lameness in adult horses. However, there is scant published evidence of either its occurrence or its clinical significance.ObjectivesTo document the occurrence of CMFC seen during diagnostic arthroscopy in adult horses with stifle lameness and to investigate its prognostic significance.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThe records were reviewed of all horses with unilateral or bilateral lameness localised to the stifle that underwent diagnostic arthroscopy of the cranial medial femorotibial joint at a UK equine hospital. The surgical findings were noted from each. Case outcomes were determined by unstructured telephone discussions with owners. A satisfactory outcome was defined as a horse that was in ridden work without ongoing anti‐inflammatory medication. Multivariable logistic regression was used to create a model with an outcome time point at 12‐month post‐operatively.ResultsOne hundred and four horses were included in the study. CMFC was found in 79. In 25 CMFC was the only finding, 54 horses had CMFC plus other pathology and 25 had other pathology, but no CMFC. At 12 months, horses with CMFC were 9.9 (95% CI 2.2–45.0, P<0.01) times more likely to have an unsatisfactory outcome than horses without CMFC.Main limitationsThe study relied on retrospective analysis of clinical notes and archived arthroscopy videos. Assessment of outcome was determined by unstructured telephone interview and therefore there is potential for reporting errors to exist.ConclusionsCMFC is a common arthroscopic finding in horses with stifle lameness and is significantly associated with an increased likelihood of the horse not being in ridden work at long‐term follow‐up.
Fibrinogen concentrates in hereditary fibrinogen disorders: Past, present and future
Authors: Casini Alessandro , de Moerloose Philippe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHereditary fibrinogen disorders (HFD) are rare coagulation disorders. Even if the spectrum of symptoms is broad depending on the sub‐type, bleeding is the most common complication. Of the available sources of fibrinogen replacement, fibrinogen concentrate provides a safer and more effective option to treat and prevent bleeding. Recent clinical trials on established and new fibrinogen concentrates have increased our knowledge on the clinical pharmacology of these products, pointing out possible age and weight differences for dose adjustment. The efficacy of fibrinogen infusions has been demonstrated, especially for the management of acute bleeding with an excellent response based on investigator rating. The target fibrinogen levels in the setting of both minor and major surgeries have been better specified. The safety has been confirmed with a low number of adverse events but there still remains concern over possible thrombotic risks. Pharmacological, clinical aspects and future perspectives on the utilization of fibrinogen concentrates in the treatment and prevention of bleeding in patients with HFD are reviewed.
Isolation of functional mature peritoneal macrophages from healthy humans
Authors: Ruiz‐Alcaraz Antonio J , Martínez‐Banaclocha Helios , Marín‐Sánchez Pilar , Carmona‐Martínez Violeta , Iniesta‐Albadalejo Miguel Angel , Tristán‐Manzano María , Tapia‐Abellán Ana , García‐Peñarrubia Pilar , Machado‐Linde Francisco , Pelegrín Pablo , Martínez‐Esparza María 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMacrophages play an important role in the inflammatory response. Their various biological functions are induced by different membrane receptors, including Toll‐like receptors, which trigger several intracellular signaling cascades and activate the inflammasomes, which in turn elicit the release of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. In this study, we present a novel method for the isolation of human mature peritoneal macrophages. This method can be easily implemented by gynecologists who routinely perform laparoscopy for sterilization by tubal ligation or surgically intervene in benign gynecological pathologies. Our method confirms that macrophages are the main peritoneal leukocyte subpopulation isolated from the human peritoneum in homeostasis. We showed that primary human peritoneal macrophages present phagocytic and oxidative activities, and respond to activation of the main proinflammatory pathways such as Toll‐like receptors and inflammasomes, resulting in the secretion of different proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this method provides a useful tool for characterizing primary human macrophages as control cells for studies of molecular inflammatory pathways in steady‐state conditions and for comparing them with those obtained from pathologies involving the peritoneal cavity. Furthermore, it will facilitate advances in the screening of anti‐inflammatory compounds in the human system.
Ectopic germline recombination activity of the widely used Foxp3‐YFP‐Cre mouse: a case report
Authors: Wu Dan , Huang Qing , Orban Paul C. , Levings Megan K. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryRegulatory T (Treg) cell‐specific deletion of a gene of interest is a procedure widely used to study mechanisms controlling Treg development, homeostasis and function. Accordingly, several transgenic mouse lines have been generated that bear the Cre recombinase under control of the Foxp3 promoter either as a random transgene insertion or knocked into the endogenous Foxp3 locus, with the Foxp3YFP‐Cre strain of mice being one of the most widely used. In an attempt to generate Treg cells that lacked expression of the insulin receptor (Insr), we crossed Foxp3YFP‐Cre mice with Insrfl/fl mice. Using a conventional two‐band PCR genotyping method we found that offspring genotypes did not correspond to the expected Mendelian ratios. We therefore developed a quantitative PCR‐based genotyping method to investigate possible ectopic recombination outside the Treg lineage. With this method we found that ~50% of the F1‐generation mice showed evidence of ectopic recombination and that ~10% of the F2‐generation mice had germline Cre recombination activity leading to a high frequency of offspring with global Insr deletion. Use of the quantitative PCR genotyping method enabled accurate selection of mice without ectopic recombination and only the desired Treg cell‐specific Insr deletion. Our data highlight the need to use genotyping methods that allow for assessment of possible ectopic recombination driven by the Foxp3YFP‐Cre allele, particularly when studying genes that are systemically expressed.
Pressure ulcer Cat. II‐IV incidence on the CuroCell S.A.M. PRO powered reactive air support surface in a high‐risk population: A multicentre cohort study in 12 Belgian nursing homes
Authors: Zwaenepoel Elien , Van Hecke Ann , Manderlier Bénédicte , Verhaeghe Sofie , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe primary objective was to study pressure ulcer (PU) category II‐IV (including suspected deep tissue injury and unstageable PUs) cumulative incidence and PU incidence density, in a 30day observation period, associated with the use of the CuroCell S.A.M. PRO powered reactive air support surface in nursing home residents at risk for PU development. Secondary objectives were to study (a) PU category I cumulative incidence and PU incidence density and (b) user (caregivers and residents) experiences and perceptions of comfort associated with the use of the support surface under study. A multicentre cohort study was set up in 37 care units of 12 Belgian nursing homes. The sample consisted of 191 residents at risk of PU development (Braden score ≤ 17). The cumulative PU incidence was 4.7% (n = 9). The PU incidence density was 1.7/1000 observation days (9 PU/5370 days). The experience and perceptions of comfort analysis revealed that the CuroCell S.A.M. PRO powered reactive air support surface was comfortable for daily use. The mode of action and the quietness of the pump function had a positive impact on sleep quality. Patient comfort and sleep quality are essential criteria in the selection of a support surface.
Acidic pH derived from cancer cells as a double‐edged knife modulates wound healing through DNA repair genes and autophagy
Authors: Rabiee Motmaen Shadi , Tavakol Shima , Joghataei Mohammad T. , Barati Mahmoud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWound healing is a sequester program that involves diverse cell signalling cascades. Notwithstanding, complete signal transduction pathways underpinning acidic milieu derived from cancer cells is not clear, yet. MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide staining, and cell cycle flow cytometry revealed that acidic media decreased cell viability and cell number along with enhanced dead cells and S‐phase arrest in normal fibroblasts. Notably, the trends of intracellular reactive oxygen species production and lactate dehydrogenase release significantly increased with time. It seems the downregulation of Klf4 is in part due to acidosis‐induced DNA damage. It promoted cells towards S‐phase arrest and diminished cell proliferation. Klf4 downregulation had a direct correlation with the P53 level while acidic microenvironment promotes cells towards cell death mechanisms including apoptosis and autophagy. Noteworthily, the unchanged levels of Rb and Mlh1 indicated in those genes had no dominant role in the repairing of DNA damage in fibroblasts treated with the acidic microenvironment. Therefore, cells owing to not entering to mitosis and accumulation of DNA damage were undergone cell death to preserve cell homeostasis. Since acidic media decreased the level of tumour suppressor and DNA repair genes and altered the normal survival pathways in fibroblasts, caution should be exercised to not lead to cancer rather than wound healing.
Giant dielectric behavior of monovalent cation/anion (Li+, F−) co‐doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics
Authors: Jumpatam Jutapol , Chanlek Narong , Takesada Masaki , Thongbai Prasit 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGiant dielectric behavior and electrical properties of monovalent cation/anion (Li+, F−) co‐doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics prepared by a solid‐state reaction route were systematically investigated. Substitution of Li+ and F− led to a significantly enlarged mean grain size. A reduced loss tangent (tanδ ~0.06) with the retainment of an ultra‐high dielectric permittivity (ε′ ~7.7‐8.8 × 104) was achieved in the co‐doped ceramics, while the breakdown electric field and nonlinear coefficient of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics were increased by co‐doping with (Li+, F−). The variations in nonlinear electrical properties and giant dielectric response, as well as the dielectric relaxation, were well explained by the Maxwell‐Wagner polarization model for an electrically heterogeneous microstructure, in which a Schottky barrier height at the grain boundaries (GBs) was formed. ε′ was closely correlated to the GB capacitance. Significantly decreased tanδ value and enhanced nonlinear properties were related to a significant increase in the GB resistance, which was attributed to the significantly increased potential barrier height and conduction activation energy at the GBs. The semiconducting nature of the grains was also studied using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and found to originate from the presence of Cu+ and Ti3+ ions.
Rain forest shifts through time and riverine barriers shaped the diversification of South American terrestrial pit vipers (Bothrops jararacussu species group)
Authors: Dal Vechio Francisco , Prates Ivan , Grazziotin Felipe G. , Zaher Hussam , Graboski Roberta , Rodrigues Miguel T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate (a) historical biogeographical connections and species interchange among rain forest habitats and (b) the role of riverine barriers on population divergence and speciation in the Neotropical region.LocationAmazonia and Atlantic Forest in South America.TaxonBothrops jararacussu species group (Serpentes: Viperidae).MethodsWe inferred phylogenetic relationships within Bothrops with an emphasis on the jararacussu species group under a Bayesian framework based on six molecular loci. We also used genetic coalescent simulations and approximate Bayesian computation to infer historical demography within the jararacussu group based on tests of alternative scenarios.ResultsWe found the jararacussu species group to be monophyletic. The Atlantic Forest species B. pirajai and B. muriciensis were inferred nested within this group, closely related to B. jararacussu, confirming that Atlantic Forest species form a clade. The historical demographic analyses support vicariant separation between populations of B. brazili north and south of the Amazon River during the Miocene–Pliocene border, as well as colonization of the Atlantic Forest by a northern Amazonian ancestor in the Pleistocene.Main ConclusionThe evolutionary history of the jararacussu species group sheds light on the dynamism of Neotropical rain forests over time, with at least one event of forest expansion leading to faunal interchange between Amazonian and Atlantic forests in the Pleistocene. Moreover, tests of alternative demographic scenarios suggest that the populations of B. brazili from north and south of the Amazon River originated from a vicariant event during the Miocene–Pliocene border, in agreement with the proposed age of establishment of the modern Amazon River drainage. Our results also have taxonomic implications for these medically important venomous snakes, supporting unrecognized diversity at the species level.