bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontal activation patterns during Tetris game play and differences between high and low performers: a preliminary functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Nakahachi Takayuki , Ishii Ryouhei , Canuet Leonides , Sato Iori , Kamibeppu Kiyoko , Iwase Masao , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Naito Yasuo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Tetris has recently expanded its place of activity not only to the original entertainment but also to clinical applications such as prevention of trauma flashback. However, to our knowledge, no studies focused on the cortical activation patterns themselves when playing Tetris in a natural form. This study aimed to investigate the activation patterns in the frontal cortex during naturally-performed Tetris for 90 seconds in 24 healthy subjects using functional near-infrared spectroscopy robust to artifacts by motion and electric devices. We also calculated the correlations of behavioral data with cortical activations, and compared the differences in activations between the high and low performers of Tetris. Results: The results demonstrated that significant activations in the frontal cortex during Tetris play had two factors, each showing a similar activation pattern. One of the factors was distributed over the lateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally, and the other was localized to the right prefrontal cortex. Moreover, in the high performers, the activations of the areas centered on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were estimated to increase and correlations of the activations between those areas and the other areas decrease compared with the low performers. Conclusions: It is suggested that high Tetris performers might reduce functional connectivity between activations of the areas centered on the right DLPFC and the other areas, and increase the local activations compared with low performers. It would be necessary to consider whether its visuospatial cognitive loads stimulate the appropriate areas of the subject’s brain to effectively utilize Tetris play for clinical interventions.
Minimal adverse outcomes of postnatal cytomegalovirus infection in term or late preterm infants
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhou Yineng , Chen Liping , Xu Chenyu , Liu Lanhua , Xu Biyun , Dai Yimin , Hu Yali , Zhou Yi-Hua 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate at what extent breastfeeding and vaginal delivery can increase mother-to-child transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and to observe the clinical outcomes of postnatal CMV infection in infants. Methods: In this secondary study of prospectively collected clinical data and serum samples, April 2012 through March 2015, 380 pregnant women with CMV IgG positive/CMV IgM negative and their 384 infants (4 twin pairs) with gestational age ≥32 weeks were included. CMV IgG and IgM were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Of 384 infants followed up at 10.2 ± 2.3 months age, 177 (46.1%) were defined with CMV infection based on the presence of higher CMV IgG levels than in their mothers. The infection rate in 190 breastfed infants was higher than in 194 formula-fed infants (62.6% vs 29.9%, P < 0.001). Vaginally delivered infants (172) had higher CMV infection rate than 212 infants delivered by caesarean section (55.2% vs. 38.7%, P = 0.001). Compared with formula feeding and caesarean section, breastfeeding and vaginal delivery increased postnatal CMV infection respectively (OR = 3.801, 95% CI 2.474‒5.840, P < 0.001; OR = 1.818, 95% CI 1.182‒2.796, P = 0.007). Nevertheless, CMV-infected infants normally developed and did not show adverse clinical outcomes compared to uninfected infants. Conclusions: Breastfeeding and vaginal delivery can increase postnatal CMV infection; however, the infection does not cause adverse events in term or late preterm infants. Detection of CMV DNA in breastmilk should not be routinely performed, and breastfeeding should be encouraged in these infants.
FHIR PIT: an open software application for spatiotemporal integration of clinical data and environmental exposures data
Authors: Xu Hao , Cox Steven , Stillwell Lisa , Pfaff Emily , Champion James , Ahalt Stanley C. , Fecho Karamarie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Informatics tools to support the integration and subsequent interrogation of spatiotemporal data such as clinical data and environmental exposures data are lacking. Such tools are needed to support research in environmental health and any biomedical field that is challenged by the need for integrated spatiotemporal data to examine individual-level determinants of health and disease. Results We have developed an open-source software application—FHIR PIT (Health Level 7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource Patient data Integration Tool)—to enable studies on the impact of individual-level environmental exposures on health and disease. FHIR PIT was motivated by the need to integrate patient data derived from our institution’s clinical warehouse with a variety of public data sources on environmental exposures and then openly expose the data via ICEES (Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Service). FHIR PIT consists of transformation steps or building blocks that can be chained together to form a transformation and integration workflow. Several transformation steps are generic and thus can be reused. As such, new types of data can be incorporated into the modular FHIR PIT pipeline by simply reusing generic steps or adding new ones. We have validated FHIR PIT in the context of a driving use case designed to investigate the impact of airborne pollutant exposures on asthma. Specifically, we replicated published findings demonstrating racial disparities in the impact of airborne pollutants on asthma exacerbations. Conclusions While FHIR PIT was developed to support our driving use case, the software can be used to integrate any type and number of spatiotemporal data sources at a level of granularity that enables individual-level study. We expect FHIR PIT to facilitate research in environmental health and numerous other biomedical disciplines.
Low levels of soluble TWEAK, indicating on-going inflammation, were associated with depression in type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Melin Eva O , Dereke Jonatan , Hillman Magnus 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundLow levels of soluble TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) have previously been linked to cardiovascular disease, which is also the case for depression. High levels of galectin-3 and HbA1c, and low levels of HDL-cholesterol, have previously been linked to depression in these patients. The aim was to explore whether low levels of sTWEAK were associated with depression in type 1 diabetes patients. We adjusted for age, sex, galectin-3, HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol, antidepressants, and cardiovascular complications. MethodsCross-sectional design. Type 1 diabetes patients (n=287, men 56%, age18-59 years) were consecutively recruited from one specialist diabetes out-patient clinic. Depression was defined as Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression sub scale ≥8 points. Blood samples, anthropometrics and blood pressure were collected, supplemented with data from electronic medical records. ELISA was used to measure sTWEAK and galectin-3. Low sTWEAK was defined as <7.1 ng/ml (<70th percentile), high galectin-3 as ≥2.562 µg/l (≥85th percentile) and high HbA1c as >70 mmol/mol (>8.6%). Non-parametric tests were used. Multiple logistic regression analyses (Backward: Wald) were performed, and calibrated and validated for goodness of fit with the data variables. Results Median (q1, q3) (ng/ml) sTWEAK were for 30 depressed and 257 non-depressed patients 1.5 (1.2, 2.9) and 2.7 (1.3, 13.0) respectively (p =0.021); median (q1, q3) (µg/l) galectin-3 were 1.348 (0.827, 2.850) and 0.916 (0.533, 1.637) respectively (p = 0.005). Four-teen percent of patients with low sTWEAK were depressed, and 2% of patients with high sTWEAK were depressed (p = 0.003). Low sTWEAK (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (CI)) 9.5 (2.0-46) ), high galectin-3 (AOR (CI) 6.5 (2.3-18.7)), use of antidepressants (AOR (CI) 10.3 (3.3-30.4)), HDL-cholesterol (per mmol/l) (inversely) (AOR (CI) 0.1 (0.03-0.5)), and age (per year) (AOR (CI) 1.05 (1.00-1.09)) were associated with depression. ConclusionsThe depressed patients with type 1 diabetes had lower levels of sTWEAK than the non-depressed, which might contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality previously demonstrated in patients with depression. Low levels of sTWEAK and HDL-cholesterol and high levels of galectin-3 were independently associated with depression.
Dietary supplementation with Bacillus mixture promotes the gut health of weaned piglets
Authors: Wang Xiaodan , Tian Zhilong , Zhao Yue , Zhang Wenming , Wang Zhanbin , Kong Xiangfeng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with a mixture of Bacillus on the intestinal health of weaned piglets. We randomly assigned 120 piglets to three groups; a control group (basal diet), a probiotics group (supplemented with 4 × 109 CFU/g Bacillus licheniformis-B. subtilis mixture; BLS mix), and an antibiotics group (supplemented with 0.04 kg/t virginiamycin, 0.2 kg/t colistin, and 3000 mg/kg zinc oxide). All groups had five replicates with eight piglets per replicate. On days 7, 21, and 42 of the trial, intestine and digesta samples were collected to determine the intestinal morphology, gut microbiota and metabolites, and the expression of genes related to gut health. The results showed that the BLS mix decreased the jejunum crypt depth, increased the ileum villus height, and increased the jejunum and ileum villus height to crypt depth ratio. The BLS mix also increased the expression levels of E-cadherin and Occludin in the colon and pro-inflammatory cytokines and TLR4 in ileum and colon. The BLS mix also increased Simpson’s diversity index in the gut microbiota and the relative abundances of o_Bacteroidetes and f_Ruminococcaceae, but it decreased the relative abundances of Blautia, and Clostridium. Collectively, these findings suggested that dietary BLS mix supplementation efficaciously promotes intestinal health through the modulation of gut microbiota in weaned piglets.
Experiences of Using Hybrid Operating Rooms in the Treatment of large or giant Carotid-Ophthalmic Aneurysms
Authors: Zhang Nai , Xin Wen-qiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: A hybrid operating room (Hybrid-OR) was a surgical theatre combined conventional operating room with advanced medical imaging devices. There were still plenty of limitations when endovascular treatment or microsurgical treatment was used individually to deal with large or giant carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to explore and summarize the technical features and effectiveness of the application of Hybrid-OR in dealing with major intracranial carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms. Methods: The department of neurosurgery treated 12 cases of large or giant intracranial carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms between March 2013 and December 2015 with Hybrid-OR. All cases were treated with clipping and parent vessel reconstruction. Results: With the assistance of Hybrid-OR, the rate of incompletion of intraoperative aneurysm clipping decreased from the original 25% ( 3/12) to 0%, while the rate of vessel stenosis decreased from the original 16.7% (2/12) to 8.35% (1/12). For thromboembolic event, there was one ischemic infarction complication occurred in only one patient, and none of patients appeared embolic infarction complication. All 12 patients were followed up for an average of 3 years and no aneurysms recurred. The postoperative recovery conditions were evaluated with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS): 11 patients showed no symptoms (mRS 0), 1 patient showed slight disability (mRS 1-2), and none of the cases showed severe disability (mRS 5) nor death (mRS 6). Conclusion: The Hybrid-OR provides new ideas to the surgical clipping the large or giant intracranial carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms, which effectively decreased the rate of intraoperative vessel stenosis and unsuccessful clippings.
Comparison between dynamic stabilization and instrumented fusion in the treatment of spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Luo Lei , Fang Lang , Zhou Qiang , Zhao Chen , Li Pei , Liu Liehua , Liang Lichuan , Luo Fei , Chen Yanhong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Posterior instrumented fusion is the most widely accepted surgical treatment for spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). However, long fusion can affect daily activities due to lumbar stiffness. Several clinical studies have shown that Dynesys dynamic stabilization in addition to laminectomy could lead to significant improvements in clinical outcomes. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of Dynesys dynamic stabilization with posterior instrumented fusion for the management of spinal stenosis with DLS. Methods Between August 2010 and Deccember 2015, a total of 46 patients with spinal stenosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis were enrolled in this study. 26 patients (Dynesys group) had fenestration decompression, selective intervertebral fusion and Dynesys stabilizationin. 20 patients (fusion group) underwent posterior instrumented fusion. Clinical outcomes, radiographic data, and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups. The average duration of follow-up for the Dynesys group and fusion group was 38 and 33 months respectively. Results The mean number of fixed segments were 3.3±0.8 in Dynesys group and 4.3±0.8 in fusion group. Lower average values of operative duration and blood loss were observed in the dynamic group than in the fusion group. VAS for back and leg pain improved in both groups of patients. There were significant difference in ODI and LSDI (lumbar stiffness disability index) between Dynesys group and fusion group at the last follow-up. The scoliosis Cobb's angle and lumbar lordosis significantly improved in both groups after surgery, and no significant difference were observed between the groups at the last follow-up (P＞0.05). Dynesys stabilization resulted in significantly higher preservation of motion at the implanted segments. Conclusions This study demonstrated that both Dynesys dynamic stabilization and instrumented fusion can improve clinical outcomes of patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Compared to instrumented fusion, Dynesys stabilizationin have advantages on blood loss, operation time, perioperative complications. In addition, Dynesys stabilization partially preserves the ROM of the stabilized segments that may reduce the limitation on daily activities caused by lumbar stiffness. Dynesys stabilizationin can also correct scoliosis, prevent progression of the curve, and maintain lumbar lordosis in mild to moderate lumbar scoliosis without sagittal imbalance.
Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Drinking Water Source of the Yangtze River: Characteristics and Risk Assessment
Authors: Cui Xiaoai , Dong Jing , Huang Zhifeng , Liu Chengyou , Qiao Xiaocui , Wang Xing , Zhao Xingru , Zheng Binghui , Shen Jinshan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background As the longest river in Asia, the Yangtze River flows through the most industrialized cities in China and provides critical ecological services for agriculture, industry, and transportation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been banned for many years, but trace amounts of PCBs still exist as persistent organic pollutant in drinking water and are an ecotoxicological problem. In this work, we collected water, sediment, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples along the Yangtze River, to study the distribution and transport of PCBs for the risk assessment of the Yangtze River as a drinking water source.Results The ΣPCBs concentrations in water, sediment, and SPM ranged in 0.044–10.98 ng/L, 0.33–69.43 ng/g, and 0.72–152.66 ng/L, respectively. The main pollutants were PCB17, 18, 28, 47 and 118 in the Yangtze River. The ff SW value of PCB18 and PCB28 all exceeded 0.5, whereas the ff SW value of PCB47 and PCB118 (except for PCB118 at Y-4) were less than 0.5. The toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) range of PCBs in water and in sediment was 0–5.55 pg-TEQ/L and 0–2.51 pg-TEQ/g, respectively.Conclusions In both water and sediment, lower chlorinated PCBs are dominant in the middle reaches and higher chlorinated PCBs are dominant at downstream. In contrast, SPM is dominated by tetra-CBs. The ff SW values reveal a net redissolution of lower PCBs from sediments to water but a net sorption of higher PCBs from water to sediment. The PCBs in water and sediment at downstream pose potential ecological risk, but the drinking water does not have a non-carcinogenic risk for humans.
Calcium phosphate influences erosivity of non alcoholic beverages in vitro
Authors: Zimmer Stefan , Ballhausen Nadine , Topoll Benedikt , Bizhang Mozhgan , Barthel-Zimmer Claudia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The effect of added calcium phosphate to non alcoholic beverages to reduce erosivity on bovine enamel and dentine was analyzed. Methods: 90 enamel and 90 dentine specimens from freshly extracted bovine incisors were randomly attributed to 9 enamel and 9 dentine groups (n=10 each). Initially, all specimens were weighted using a precision balance. They were suspended in plastic bottles containing 150ml of the following beverages: Cola, orange juice, Red Bull, Bonaqua Fruits. To all beverages 100mg (c1) or 200mg (c2) calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate was added. Tap water served as control. After 7 days, median mass loss was calculated in mg. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney u-test served for comparison between groups. Results: Cola and Bonaqua Fruits lost erosivity already after addition of 100mg calcium phosphate. Red Bull after 100mg on enamel and 200mg on dentine. Only orange juice remained erosive on dentine and enamel even after the addition of 200mg calcium phosphate. Conclusion: The addition of calcium phosphate may reduce or even prevent the erosivity of some highly erosive non alcoholic beverages on bovine enamel and dentine.
The regulatory role of the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway in the mechanisms of tooth eruption in patients with impacted teeth
Authors: Flis Petro , Brodetska Ludmila , Kaniura Olexandr , Lisakovska Olha , Natrus Larysa , Skrypnyk Irina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Tooth impaction is a common problem in orthodontic practice and usually accompanied by pain and pathological changes of surrounding teeth. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tooth impaction allows finding the most effective way of orthodontic treatment for patients with impacted teeth (IT). The RANK (receptor activator of NF-κB) / RANKL (RANK ligand) / OPG (osteoprotegerin) signaling pathway controls bone resorption and may be involved in the regulation of tooth eruption. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bone remodeling based on the assessment of the RANKL/RANK/OPG status in patients with IT.Methods Bone samples from 20 patients (mean age 15.27, SD = 3.83) were divided into 3 groups: 1 – bone tissue of healthy persons (control group); 2 – bone tissue taken near the healthy tooth in patients with tooth impaction; 3 – bone tissue taken near the IT. Levels of RANKL, RANK, OPG, osteocalcin (OC), NF-κB p65subunit, NFATc1 and caspase-3 were determined by Western blotting. The difference between groups was assessed by one-way ANOVA. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results We established a 1.73-fold elevation of RANK level in the IT area vs. control, indicating the recruitment of preosteoclasts. An increase in RANKL, OPG and OC content was demonstrated (by 1.46, 1.48, and 1.42 fold respectively), reflecting high activity of osteoblasts near the IT. Despite the activation of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the impaction area, NF-κB and NFATc1 levels did not change compared vs. control, indicating a blocked/delayed process of osteoclastogenesis. We found a decrease in the content of procaspase-3 (1.28-fold), while the level of its active form p17 increased by 2.26 fold near the healthy tooth in patients with IT compared with control. In the area of ​​IT we observed an increase in procaspase-3 and p17 levels (1.32 and 1.78 fold). This reflects impairments of caspase-3 activation and accumulation of its inactive form in the IT area that may contribute to the tooth eruption failure.Conclusions Tooth impaction may be associated with the disturbances in the caspase-3 cascade activation and the imbalance in the RANKL/RANK/OPG system, and as a result, blocked bone resorption.
Mobilization in the evening reduces delirium in critically ill patients: the MENTAL randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Nydahl Peter , McWilliams David , Weiler Norbert , Borzikowsky Christoph , Howroyd Fiona , Brobeil Angelika , Kott Matthias , Haken Rebecca von 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Delirium is a common complication in patients on Intensive Care Units (ICU). Caring interventions such as early mobilization are effective in prevention and treatment of delirium, but are recommended during daytime. It may be effective in the night, too. Method : The aim of this study was to prove the effect of mobilization in the evening to prevent or treat ICU patients from delirium. The design was a multicentric, randomized, controlled trial in 5 mixed ICUs over a period of 2 weeks with max. 28 days follow-up. Patients in the intervention group were mobilized onto the edge of the bed or more between 9:00 and 11:00 p.m. by an additional mobilization team, following safety criteria. Patients in the control group received usual care. Primary outcome parameter was the duration of a delirium. Secondary parameters were presence of delirium, mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) and stay, feasibility, and mobilization-related complications. Results : In summary, n=69 patients could be analysed (intervention n=36, control n=33). Due to limited resources, the trial was stopped and reached 62% of targeted sample size. Mobilization in the evening did not significantly reduce duration of existing delirium, delirium presence, length of MV or days in ICU and hospital for 28 days follow-up. In an unplanned post-hoc analysis, mobilization in the evening prevented patients from delirium in the first four days (6 (16.7%) vs. 13 (39.4%), p=0.032), with a number needed to treat of 5. The intervention was feasible in 71.7% of eligible patients, with 13.6% unwanted safety events. Conclusions : In a mixed ICU population, mobilization in the evening did not show a reduction in duration of delirium, MV or length of stay, but a reduction in the incidence of early onset delirium. Mobilization between 9:00 and 11:00 pm. by an interprofessional mobilization team may prevent patients from delirium. The intervention was feasible, safe, and accepted by most patients.