bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleoclimate of Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene Temburong Formation, Klias Peninsula, Sabah, Base on Planktonic Foraminifera Assemblage
Authors: Asis J , Tahir S , Musta B , Jasin B , Soehady HFW , Gabda D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Planktonic foraminifera assemblages were studied for biostratigraphy and paleoclimatic interpretation of the Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene of Temburong Formation, Klias Peninsula, Sabah. The Temburong Formation is composed of mainly flysh-type argillaceous deposit intercalations of slightly calcareous pelagic shale. Recently we discovered abundance of moderate to well-preserved planktonic foraminifera at the measured section and its planktonic assemblages are useful for biostratigraphy and paleoclimatic studies of Temburong Formation. A total of nine samples of shale were collected from three outcrops and processed based on standard micropaleontology method. Twenty-eight species of planktonic foraminifera were identified and grouped into three zones, namely: P21-P22 Globorotalia opima opima-Globigerina angulisuturalis zone, N4 Globigerinoides primordius-Globigerinoides quadrilobatus zone, and N5-N6 Catapsydrax dissimilis-Globigerinoides altiapetura zone. For paleoclimate studies, the relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera was obtained and grouped into climatic indices namely cool, cool-temperate, warm, warm-temperate and none climatic diagnostic. The result shows the changes of planktonic foraminifera assemblages and the paleoclimatic indices through Oligocene-Miocene boundary. The cool climate indices were identified at the lower part of the study section of Upper Oligocene sediment and gradually shifted to warm climatic indices at Lower Miocene section.
Assessment of Human Health Risk in Groundwater at Rural and Agriculture Areas in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Nordin N , Jawan A B , Sumin V B , Mokhtar M B , Ta G C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lack of treated water system in Sabah has increase human dependency to groundwater sources. The presence of contaminants such as nitrate in groundwater can pose severe health implications to human, such as methemoglobinemia and cancerous diseases. The objectives of this paper were to quantify the nitrate concentration in groundwater, to calculate potential human health risk exposure of nitrate in groundwater and to compare the potential human health risk exposure of nitrate between rural and agriculture areas. Six tube wells were selected at Inanam and Kota Belud district and involved one-hundred eighty respondents aged from 7 to 12 years old. The groundwater samples were analyzed using Cadmium Reduction method of HACH DR2800 Spectrophotometer and human health risk exposure were assessed using Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) and Hazard Index (HI) after set of information of respondents were obtained by questionnaires. Result obtained were showing mean ± S.D of nitrate levels in groundwater well and filtered water of agriculture (0.79 ± 0.33 mg/L; 0.33 ± 0.29 mg/L) and rural (0.50 ± 0.12mg/L; 0.53 ± 0.10 mg/L) areas were within the acceptable value limit set by National Drinking Water Quality Standard of Malaysia (10 mg/L). The statistical analysis of Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA test implied there were no significant differences of nitrate levels between two areas (p>0.05). Moreover, the mean ± S.D of CDI for agriculture and rural areas were 0.0064 ± 0.0056 mg/kg/day 0.0140 ± 0.0096 mg/kg/day respectively and HI were less than 1. The insignificant differences of potential human health risk were noted in terms of gender and age of respondents between two areas. This specified that the human health risk of respondents involved in this study was in acceptable range and not exposed to severe health risks.
Physico-chemical Properties and Mineralogical Identification of Soils from Mélange in Beluran-Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Musta B , Erfen H F W S , Karim A S R , Kim K W , Kim J H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study area located in the main road of Beluran - Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia which mostly consists of melange. Melange material consists of mixed rocks with different sizes and originated from old rock formation. These materials commonly embedded in shale matrix and highly sheared. A total of twelve soil samples were collected along the main road in order to analyse the physico-chemical properties and mineral identification. The result of analysis shows the moisture content was in the range from 7.0% to 23.38% with the plasticity indexes were in the range from 6.32% to 34.18%. The plotted in plasticity chart shows that the soil can be classified as intermediate plasticity to high plasticity. The texture of soil best classified as clayey sand, silt with sandy clay, sand with silty clay and clay soil. The mineral content of the soil mainly contains of quartz, kaolinite and illite. Other minerals also were observed such as maghemite, hematite, chlorite and calcite. The various minerals composition shows many types of parent rocks. Whereas the high clay minerals will affect the stability of soil slope due to high moisture-adsorption minerals and high plasticity index.
Routing problem in rectangular mesh network using shortest path based Greedy method
Authors: Adzhar Noraziah , Salleh Shaharuddin , Yusof Yuhani , Ahmad Muhammad Azrin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A supercomputer can have thousands of processor-memory pairs which often referred as processing pins. Each of these pins is connected to each other through networks and passes message using a standard message passing mechanism such as Message Passing Interface. In this research, we consider the routing problem in rectangular mesh network. Each terminal pin in the network needs to be connected with its destination pin for it to function properly. Thus, maximizing the number of connection for each pair of pins and keeping the total energy throughout the network minimum becomes our main objective. In order to achieve this objective, each net need to be routed as shortest as possible. Therefore, developing a shortest path based routing algorithm is in need. In this research, Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to establish the shortest connection for each net. While this method guarantees to provide the shortest connection for each single net (if exists), however each routed net will become the obstacles and block later connections. This will add complexities to route later nets and make its routing longer than optimal or sometimes impossible to complete. Therefore, the routing sequence need to be rip-up and all nets need to be re-routed. This paper presents a complete routing algorithm which can further refine the solution by using Dijkstra’s based greedy method. The outcomes from this research is expected to benefit engineers from electric & electronic industry.
Study on the Impact of Land Consolidation Project on Soil Quality in Bainijing Town, Dingbian County
Authors: Lirong HE 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Taking Bainijing Town, Dingbian County, Shaanxi Province as an example, the nutrient characteristics and physical and chemical properties of soil samples were studied and analyzed. The results showed that the soil pH of D001 and D002 samples was the highest (9.7), the total amount of water soluble salts of D002 samples was the highest (0.5 g kg−1), and the soil conductivity of D001 samples was the highest (15.8 mS m−1). The highest content of soil organic matter was 9.52 mg kg−1, the highest content of total nitrogen was 0.45 g kg−1, the highest content of available phosphorus was 1.4 mg kg−1, and the highest content of available potassium was 381 mg kg−1. According to the national unified classification table of soil nutrient content, the pH values of three soil samples in Bainijing Town of Dingbian County are alkaline, the organic matter content is deficient, and the available phosphorus and total nitrogen content are extremely deficient.
Calculating the water salt production function parameters of seed maize under water salt combination stress
Authors: Yuan Chengfu , Xiong Fangjing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to explore the relationship between crop yield and water salt stress, field experiments were conducted under deficit irrigation with saline water in Shiyang Rive Basin. It introduced into the crop-water-salt production function. The crop-water-salt production function parameters were calibrated and validated based on the field experiments measured data. The results showed that the simulated evapotranspiration and yield agreed well with the measured values of seed maize at different growth stages. The crop-water-salt production function parameters after calibration and validation were b=6.72, ky1
=0.43, ky2
=0.82, ky3
=1.41, ky4
=0.65, ky5
=0.24, respectively. The yield response factor (ky
) reflected sensitivity to the seed maize at different growth stages under water salt combination stress. The crop-water-salt production function can well simulate the seed maize evapotranspiration and yield under water salt combination stress after calibration and validation.
Numerical investigation of grease separation of multi-blades centrifugal fan with inner guides
Authors: Zhao Dongfang , You Xueyi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To study the effect of inner guide vanes on the grease particle separation performance of multi-blade centrifugal fan (MCF), numerical simulations are executed under the working condition. The inner guide vanes are arranged in a ring with even space at the blade outlet. The turbulent airflow field is modelled with the renormalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model. For the particulate phase, discrete phase model (DPM) is employed to track greases particles migration. The comparison of grease particles separation efficiency suggests that the potentially benefit effects induced by inner guide vanes is efficient and reliable. The predicated results show that the total separation efficiency of MCF with inner guide vanes is higher by 4.5% than that of the original MCF for the particle of diameter between 1 μm to 10 μm. In addition, the separation efficiency of volute is higher than that of the original MCF and it mainly separates grease particles for the diameter in the range of 1 μm to 4 μm.
Analysis of Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Space Laser Energy Transfer Based on Temperature Rise Effect
Authors: Kuang Hongyu , Li Mingzhe , Kuang Hongyu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Temperature is an important factor affecting the efficiency of laser energy transmission. In this paper, aiming at the application of laser energy transmission in space, the existing spatial laser energy transmission photoelectric conversion model is improved and the mathematical model of photocell temperature rise is established. The model is used to analyze the influence of photoelectric cell temperature change on photoelectric conversion efficiency. The model takes into account various factors such as temperature, photoelectric cell material, space thermal radiation, laser space transmission characteristics, and improves the accuracy of the current model. On this basis, the maximum photoelectric conversion efficiency under different conditions and the corresponding photoelectric cell temperature are calculated. The conclusion shows: when other conditions remain unchanged, the photoelectric conversion efficiency first increases and then decreases with the increase of temperature. In addition, the stability value of the temperature of the photocell is generally different from the corresponding temperature value under the maximum efficiency under different conditions. So it is necessary to adjust the temperature according to the specific situation. It provides a theoretical basis for the practical application and temperature control of laser energy transfer in space.
Analysis of User Load Characteristics of Automatic Demand Response in Industrial Parks Based on Fuzzy C-means Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Yu Jiancheng , Li Siwei , Yue Liang , Zhang Jie , Wang Yongli , Li Jiapu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Under the background of the energy revolution of building a global energy Internet and promoting clean and green ways to meet power demand, the research on the planning and construction of smart grids and smart parks and related key technologies is becoming more and more important. This paper first introduces the automatic demand response technology of the park and the algorithm and implementation process of the load clustering technology as the basis. Secondly, the fuzzy c-means aggregation is applied to the 96-day daily load data of the 20 stations in the substation of a certain eco-city. The class algorithm performs cluster analysis, and the different load types in 5 are obtained. The demand response time interval of different load types is summarized, which provides a reference for the characteristic analysis, prediction and classification management of demand-side controllable load.
Optimization of Sliding Pressure Curve of Thermal Power Unit Based on Economical and Primary Frequency Modulation Characteristics
Authors: He Jun , Yan Bo , Yang Zhoushi , Peng Daogang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
According to the thermal economic characteristics and primary frequency modulation characteristics of the thermal power unit’s variable working conditions, the nozzle distribution steam turbine unit is taken as the research object to meet the primary frequency modulation capacity and reduce the unit heat consumption rate. The influence of the valve position on the economics of the unit and the primary frequency modulation capability is used to provide a richer adjustment basis for the technical and economic comparison between different operating modes of the unit, and the obtained sliding pressure running curve can meet the requirements of primary frequency regulation of the power grid. The throttling loss generated during the operation of the unit is minimized, and the optimal configuration between the grid operation and the power economy is realized.
Evaluation and Decision-Making Method of Power Distribution Network Projects Based on Weighting with Game Theory and Implicit Enumeration
Authors: Chen Lei , Jiang Jing , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Lin , Liu Hong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of one-sided determination of index weight in the evaluation method of distribution network projects, and instability of project optimization results, a method of evaluation and decision-making of distribution network construction and renovation projects based on weighting with game theory and implicit enumeration is proposed. Firstly, the evaluation index system is constructed from two dimensions of technical efficiency and economic benefit. Secondly, the indicators are weighted by the weight set model based on game theory. After that, the decision optimization model is solved by the implicit enumeration method. The case study shows that the method is practical and effective, and can provide a scientific and reasonable reference for the construction and renovation projects investment of grid companies.
Effect of Shelf Life on the Quality of Fried Sambal (Condiments of Instant Uduk Rice)
Authors: Bahar Asrul , Suwardiah Dwi Kristiastuti 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Preserved food products in the packaging often found on the market, but very few types of preserved food based on traditional Indonesian food. The addition of sugar and Solutions of tamarind is expected to dry fried sambal products have a long shelf life and be complementary rice uduk instant in one package, so that these products can be manufactured into a superior product business. The purpose of this study: 1) to determine the shelf life of dry fried sambal potato; and 2) microbacteria test. Dry fried sambal potato there are 3 kinds of treatment in the use of packaging that is plastic packaging, aluminum foil and without packaged. Type of experimental research with two-factor research design, the amount of sugar and solutions of tamarind. The results showed that storage with aluminum foil packaging of crispness level was crisp enough for 8 weeks of storage and bacteria contaminant amount 5,3104. The conclusion that dry fried sambal potatoes potatoes packing with aluminum foil is safe to consume and feasible.
Identification of Non Timber Forest Product Use of Canarium Nut (Canarium Sp) in Makian Island
Authors: Kamaluddin Abdul Kadir , Rasulu Hamidin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Forests as natural resource systems have the potential to provide multipurpose benefits. In addition to timber products, forests can provide benefits in the form of non-timber forest products and the environment. Research results show that timber forest products from forest ecosystems are only 10% while most (90%) of other products are in the form of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) that have not been optimally managed and utilized to improve society welfare. This study aims to identify factors that influence the utilization of canarium nut. The data were performed using survey. The data used in this study came from primary and secondary data. Primary data in this study were collected through direct interviews with respondents. The results showed that out of 150 respondents farmers, 109 people used canarium nut flesh as raw material for chili sauce with a percentage of 72.7%. In addition to processing canarium nut flesh into chili sauce which had the highest percentage, the use as a cooking spice was also not much different, namely as many as 107 people with a percentage of 71.3%. This was because chili sauce and cooking spices were always served every day in complementing the food menu of the Pulau Makian society. Meanwhile, the utilization of canarium nut as raw material for making macron and bagea cakes, they had a lower percentage by 9.4% and 34.0%. This was because the making of macron and bagea took quite a long time and required a lot of additional ingredients.
Properties of Ethanolysis Product from Ketapang Seed Oil (Terminalia Catappa Linn) Incorporated in Mucoadhesive Patch Film
Authors: Miksusanti  , Herlina  , Fithri A.N , Ferlinahayati  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The propose of these research was to prepare monoacilglyserol (Ethanolysis Product from Ketapang Seed Oil/EPKSO) by ethanolysis reaction and to measured it’s antibacterial activity as free materials and as immobilizes material in starch film/patch. The oil of ketapang seed was extracted by pressing method. Fatty acid in the oil was identified with Gas Chromatography (GC). Ethanolysis process used 5 mL ketapang seed oil and 2mL NaOH in 100 mL ethanol 95%. Sample EPKSO from ethanolysis of ketapang seed oil were compare to EPKSO standard from SEAFAST Centre. The preparative TLC of ethanolysis product was eluted with n-hexane: diethyleter: formic acid (80:20:2) v/v. EPKSO was produced by TLC preparative from ethanolysis product. Antibacterial activity of EPKSO from ethanolysis reaction was assayed against Streptococcus mutans with diffusion method. From this research, ketapang seed oil obtained was 7.69 % w/w. The major fatty acid from ketapang seed oil from Gas Chromatography (GC) were palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The minor of fatty acid were miristic acid, palmitoleic acid, heptadecanoic acid, cis-10-heptadecanoic acid, belaidic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11-eicosenoic acid, linoleic acid, cis-11.14-eicosedienoic acid, behenic acid, trisanoic acid and lignoseric acid. Both of the EPKSO have similar Rf (0.07). The amount of EPKSO result from ethanolysis ketapang seed oil was 1.79 % w/w. This EPKSO can inhibit S. mutans at 0.4 % w/v with inhibition zone 183 mm2. EPKSO was incorporated in starch based film/mucoadhesive patch with variation 2 MIC, 4 MIC 6 MIC dan 8 MIC. After incorporated with EPKSO starch based film/mucoadhesive patch can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans at all EPKSO concentration in film/patch. Most of mechanical properties of film/patch still meet the range of standard. Organoleptic assay showed no significant difference between starch film with and without EPKSO.
Changes in Soil Chemical and Physical Properties of Andisols under Oil Palm Small holder in the West Pasaman District of West Sumatra
Authors: Rusman Bujang , Agustian  , Aprisal  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Monitoring the productivity and sustainability of oil palm plantations is very important to anticipate the possibly land degradation occurs. The objective of this research was to comprehend the influence of oil palm plant age on the change on soil chemical and physical properties in small oil palm plantation in West Pasaman district of West Sumatra. Field research was conducted from May to July 2016 by using survey method under 3 different plant ages (5-10, 10-15, and >15 years old) in 3 areas (Kinali, Pasaman, and Koto Balingka sub-district). The variables of this study consisted of soil chemical properties: SOM, CEC, pH, total N, available-P, exchangeable base cations (K, Ca, Mg and Na-exch.); physical properties: bulk density, plant available water and water content at pF 2.54 and pF 4.2. Soil quality value calculations obtained with least squares linear regression for three different ages of oil palm plants, did not show significant effect on soil quality of Andisols under small oil palm plantation in West Pasaman district. Our findings suggested that there was no effect of oil palm ages on soil quality of Andisols, however other researches in soil biology and biochemical properties are still needed to obtain a comprehensive result.
The Analysis of Strategic Partnership to Supply Mandailing Arabica Coffee for Export Quality Markets
Authors: Siregar Erin , Nazir Novizar , Asben Alfi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Coffee is a commodity that is essential to the international market. One of the best coffee from Indonesia is Mandailing coffee originating from North Sumatra. Simpang Banyak Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra Province is a centre of coffee agroindustry. It require best supplier in order to meet export market demand. Determination of required quality criteria in accordance with the standard of quality of coffee exports including the water content of 12%, a defective value below 4%, cherry seeds without mixture, cupping score is 85 and the uniform size of coffee beans. To meet the needs of the export market, the agroindustry also need a supply of coffee from the best coffee suppliers that have several criteria: Price, Quality, Production, and the accuracy of delivery by comparing these criteria at three suppliers chosen. A total of 10 experts were asked to choose an alternative based on the established criteria. Supplier selection weighting of data analysis in this study were calculated using analytical hierarchy process. The results showed that the most influential criteria to supplier selection criteria for Mandailing coffee is quality with a weight of 0.414 and a production with a weight of 0.277. Delivery accuracy weighting criteria is 0.245 and last criteria is the price of 0.065. While the best suppliers selected by the respondents is the Supplier Z with weights of 0.664 and supplier X (0.187) and last supplier is Y (0.176).