bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification ofIDHandTERTpmutation status using1H‐MRS in 112 hemispheric diffuse gliomas
Authors: Ozturk‐Isik Esin , Cengiz Sevim , Ozcan Alpay , Yakicier Cengiz , Ersen Danyeli Ayca , Pamir M. Necmettin , Özduman Koray , Dincer Alp 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThere is a growing interest in noninvasively defining molecular subsets of hemispheric diffuse gliomas based on the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and telomerase reverse transcriptase gene promoter (TERTp) mutation status, which correspond to distinct tumor entities, and differ in demographics, natural history, treatment response, recurrence, and survival patterns.PurposeTo investigate whether metabolite levels detected with short echo time (TE) proton MR spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) at 3T can be used for noninvasive molecular classification ofIDHandTERTpmutation‐based subsets of gliomas.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsIn all, 112 hemispheric diffuse gliomas (70 males/42 females, mean age: 42.1 ± 13.9 years).Field Strength/SequenceShort‐TE1H‐MRS (repetition time (TR) = 2000 msec, TE = 30 msec, number of signal averages = 192) and routine clinical brain tumor MR protocols were acquired at 3T.Assessment1H‐MRS data were quantified using LCModel software.TERTpandIDH1orIDH2(IDH1/2) mutations in the tissue were determined by either minisequencing or Sanger sequencing.Statistical TestsMetabolic differences betweenIDHmutant andIDHwildtype gliomas were assessed by a Mann–WhitneyU‐test. A Kruskal–Wallis test followed by a Tukey–Kramer test was used to analyze metabolic differences betweenIDHandTERTpmutational molecular subsets of gliomas. A Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlations of metabolite intensities with the Ki‐67 index. Furthermore, machine learning was employed to classify theIDHandTERTpmutational status of gliomas, and the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values were estimated.ResultsShort‐TE1H‐MRS classified the presence of anIDHmutation with 88.39% accuracy, 76.92% sensitivity, and 94.52% specificity, and aTERTpmutation within primaryIDHwildtype gliomas with 92.59% accuracy, 83.33% sensitivity, and 95.24% specificity.Data ConclusionShort‐TE1H‐MRS could be used to identify molecular subsets of hemispheric diffuse gliomas corresponding toIDHandTERTpmutations.Level of Evidence:3Technical Efficacy Stage:2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1799–1809.
Meta‐analysis of MRI for the diagnosis of liver metastasis in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hong Seung Baek , Choi Sang Hyun , Kim Kyung won , Kim So Yeon , Kim Jin Hee , Kim Suk , Lee Nam Kyung 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundDetermining if a given patient with primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) has hepatic metastasis is important for treatment planning. Several previous studies reported on the diagnostic performance of MRI for liver metastasis in patients with PDA. But the reported data are quite variable.PurposeTo systematically determine the diagnostic performance of MRI for liver metastasis in patients with PDA, including comparing it with computed tomography (CT).Study TypeSystemic review and meta‐analysis.SubjectsIn all, 457 patients from five eligible articles.Field Strength/SequenceConventional MR sequences with or without contrast enhancement at 1.5T and 3T.AssessmentTwo reviewers independently performed the data extraction. The reviewers identified and reviewed the original articles reporting the diagnostic performance of MRI for liver metastases in patients with PDA, including those articles making comparisons with CT.Statistical TestsMeta‐analytic summary sensitivity and specificity were calculated on a per‐patient basis using a bivariate random effects model. We compared the meta‐analytic summary sensitivity and specificity between MRI and CT.ResultsThe meta‐analytic summary sensitivity and specificity were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74–92%; I2 = 0%) and 98% (95% CI, 78–100%; I2 = 85%), respectively. In comparison with CT, MRI showed a higher sensitivity (85% vs. 75%) but similar specificity (98% vs. 94%).Data ConclusionMRI had good overall diagnostic performance for liver metastasis in patients with PDA, with a higher sensitivity than CT.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1737–1744.
Mass spectrometry and planetary exploration: A brief review and future projection
Authors: Arevalo Ricardo , Ni Ziqin , Danell Ryan M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSince the inception of mass spectrometry more than a century ago, the field has matured as analytical capabilities have progressed, instrument configurations multiplied, and applications proliferated. Modern systems are able to characterize volatile and nonvolatile sample materials, quantitatively measure abundances of molecular and elemental species with low limits of detection, and determine isotopic compositions with high degrees of precision and accuracy. Consequently, mass spectrometers have a rich history and promising future in planetary exploration. Here, we provide a short review on the development of mass analyzers and supporting subsystems (eg, ionization sources and detector assemblies) that have significant heritage in spaceflight applications, and we introduce a selection of emerging technologies that may enable new and/or augmented mission concepts in the coming decades.
Sustainable use of the spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus florida for production of lignocellulolytic enzymes
Authors: Rajavat Asha S. , Rai Sudheer , Pandiyan Kuppusamy , Kushwaha Prity , Choudhary Prassan , Kumar Murugan , Chakdar Hillol , Singh Arjun , Karthikeyan Nanjappan , Bagul Samadhan Y. , Agnihotri Abha , Saxena Anil K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSpent mushroom substrate (SMS), a major byproduct of the mushroom industry, is a lignocellulosic biomass, which contains approximately 57–74.3% of holocellulose fraction. This study was aimed at utilizing SMS of Pleurotus florida for recovery of lignocellulolytic enzymes and sugars and also as a substrate for production of cellulolytic enzymes using different isolates of Trichoderma and Aspergillus under solid‐state fermentation (SSF). SMS of P. florida extracts contained significant amounts of laccase (3,015.8 ± 29.5 U/g SMS) and xylanase (1,187.9 ± 12 U/g SMS) activity. Crystallinity pattern and chemical changes in SMS revealed that SMS had a lower crystallinity index (34.2%) as compared with the raw biomass (37.8%), which, in turn, helps in enhancing the accessibility of cellulolytic enzymes to holocellulose. Among the isolates, Trichoderma longibrachiatum A‐01 showed maximum activity of endoglucanase (220.4 ± 5.9 U/mg), exoglucanase (78.5 ± 3.2 U/mg) and xylanase (1,550.4 ± 11.6 U/mg) while Aspergillus aculeatus C‐08 showed maximum activity of cellobiase (113.9 ± 3.9 U/mg). Extraction with sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.8) showed maximum cellulolytic enzyme activity as compared with other solvents tested. Partial purification of endoglucanase, exoglucanase, xylanase, and cellobiase resulted in 56.3% (1,112.5 U/mg), 48.4% (212.5 U/mg), 44% (4,492.3 U/mg), and 62% (705.0 U/mg) yield with an increase by 5.2‐, 4.5‐, 4.1‐, and 5.0‐fold as compared with crude extract. The results reveal that SMS from P. florida could be a potential and cost‐effective substrate for production of cellulolytic enzymes from T. longibrachiatum A‐01 and A. aculeatus C‐08.
Occupancy Patterns of Breeding American Black Ducks
Authors: Roberts Anthony J. , Royle J. Andrew , Padding Paul I. , Devers Patrick K. , Lepage Christine , Bordage Daniel 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTOccupancy patterns can assist with the determination of habitat limitation during breeding or wintering periods and can help guide population and habitat management efforts. American black ducks (Anas rubripes; black ducks) are thought to be limited by habitat and food availability during the winter, but breeding sites may also limit the size or growth potential of the population. The Canadian Wildlife Service conducts an annual breeding waterfowl survey that we used to explore the hypothesis that black duck carrying capacity is limited by wetlands available for breeding in Québec, Canada. We applied single‐visit, multi‐species occupancy models to the 1990–2015 population survey data to determine if there was evidence the black duck population was limited by breeding habitat. Using a dynamic (multi‐season) occupancy modeling approach, we estimated latent occupancy (occupancy accounting for imperfect detection) of black ducks and then used latent occupancy estimates to derive occupancy, colonization, and extirpation rates. We jointly modeled the occupancy dynamics of black ducks and other duck species in wetlands where both species were present. Throughout the duration of the survey, 44% of wetlands were never observed to be occupied by black ducks. Occupancy models showed wetland size was positively associated with occupancy at the first time step (initial occupancy) and colonization. All 2‐species models indicated initial black duck occupancy, persistence (continued occupancy), and colonization were positively associated with the presence of a second species. Colonization rate over the 26‐year period ranged from 7% to 27% across all models. Extirpation rates were similar and were constant through time within each model. Low occupancy rates, combined with approximately equal colonization and extirpation rates, suggest there are available wetlands for breeding black ducks in their core breeding area. If breeding habitats are not saturated, this suggests migration or wintering areas may be more limiting to black duck population abundance. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha alter gene expression of oocytes and cumulus cells during bovine in vitro maturation
Authors: Piersanti Rachel L. , Santos José E. P. , Sheldon I. Martin , Bromfield John J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCommunication between the oocyte and cumulus facilitates oocyte growth, cell cycle regulation, and metabolism. This communication is mediated by direct contact between oocytes and cumulus cells, and soluble secreted molecules. Secreted molecules involved in this process are known inflammatory mediators. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is detected in follicular fluid and is associated with reduced fertility, whereas accumulation of inflammatory mediators in follicular fluid, including tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), is associated with female infertility. Maturation of oocytes in the presence of LPS or TNF‐α reduces meiotic maturation and the capacity to develop to the blastocyst. Here we evaluated the abundance of 92 candidate genes involved immune function, epigenetic modifications, embryo development, oocyte secreted factors, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cell signaling in bovine cumulus cells or zona‐free oocytes after exposure to LPS or TNF‐α during in vitro maturation. We hypothesize that LPS or TNF‐α will alter the abundance of transcripts in oocytes and cumulus cell in a cell type dependent manner. Exposure to LPS altered abundance of 31 transcripts in oocytes (including ACVR1V, BMP15, DNMT3A) and 12 transcripts in cumulus cells (including AREG, FGF4, PIK3IP1). Exposure to TNF‐α altered 1 transcript in oocytes (IGF2) and 4 transcripts in cumulus cells (GJA1, PLD2, PTGER4, STAT1). Cumulus expansion was reduced after exposure to LPS or TNF‐α. Exposing COCs to LPS had a marked effect on expression of targeted transcripts in oocytes. We propose that altered oocyte transcript abundance is associated with reduced meiotic maturation and embryo development observed in oocytes cultured in LPS or TNF‐α.
Is it time to rethink using digital palpation for assessment of muscle stiffness?
Authors: Davidson Melissa J. , Nielsen Poul M.F. , Taberner Andrew J. , Kruger Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimPhysiotherapists typically use digital palpation to determine residual tension in a muscle, referred to as muscle stiffness or tone. These assessments are subjective, and little is known about their accuracy or repeatability. Despite this, it is standard practice to base clinical treatment on these findings. The aim of this study was to assess physiotherapists’ ability to assign a seven‐point palpation scale to quantitative stiffness values generated by a novel device.MethodsProspective observational study involving 125 musculoskeletal and pelvic floor physiotherapists. A novel device was developed that replicates the haptic feedback that clinicians assess as muscle stiffness. Measurements of displacement, force, and stiffness were recorded.ResultsThere was wide overlap between each scale category assigned to the stiffness values, from low stiffness at −3 (119 [106, 132] N/m) to moderate stiffness at 0 (462 [435,489] N/m); to high stiffness at +3 (897 [881,913] N/m). Consistency in applying the scale was poor, and the probability of a similar value of stiffness being assigned to the same scale category by different participants was low.ConclusionsWhile palpation is used globally by physiotherapists as a readily available and low‐cost method of assessing muscle stiffness, these results indicate that it should be used with caution in diagnosing and defining patient care. Clinical assessment of muscle stiffness requires a validated and reliable palpation scale if this metric is to be used to diagnose pathology and develop treatment protocols. Training in this scale should then be recommended to improve reliability in patient assessment.
Bioinformatics analysis of the Hub genes and key pathways of interstitial cystitis pathogenesis
Authors: Liu Junjiang , Zhang Yunxia , Li Shoubin , Sun Fuzhen , Wang Gang , Wei Dong , Yang Tao , Gu Shouyi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to identify suitable datasets for reanalysis and then explore potential key genes and related pathways of interstitial cystitis (IC).MethodsWe searched the Gene Expression Omnibus database and three expression profile datasets and included 23 lesions of IC and 9 normal tissues in the analysis. Eight urine specimens of patients with IC and five urine specimens of healthy controls were also included. Then, these datasets were reanalyzed to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were used to perform Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses. These identified candidate genes were also applied to generate a protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network.ResultsForty‐two common DEGs were sorted and identified from two datasets, both of which included the samples of bladder lesions. Based on their functions and signaling pathways, these 42 DEGs are mainly classified as cell‐surface proteins and are involved in the immune and inflammatory responses. The PPI network included 41 nodes. In this network, we identified 11 genes as central nodes that are involved in the immune system and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, IC with Hunner's lesions shared the same DEGs with IC without Hunner's lesions. In both subgroups (IC with and without Hunner's lesions), we identified some common DEGs shared between bladder lesions and urine samples.ConclusionUsing bioinformatics, we integrated different IC‐related datasets and identified potential critical genes involved in IC that may contribute to future research on IC.
Responsiveness of lumbosacral superficial dorsal horn neurons during the voiding reflex and functional loss of spinal urethral‐responsive neurons in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Nakagawa Tatsuki , Akimoto Nozomi , Hakozaki Atsushi , Noma Takahisa , Nakamura Ayumi , Hayashi Yukio , Sasaki Eiji , Ozaki Noriyuki , Furue Hidemasa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsSensory information from the lower urinary tract (LUT) is conveyed to the spinal cord to trigger and co‐ordinate micturition. However, it is not fully understood how spinal dorsal horn neurons are excited during the voiding reflex. In this study, we developed an in vivo technique allowing recording of superficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons concurrent with intravesical pressure (IVP) during the micturition cycle in both normal and diabetic rats.MethodsLumbosacral dorsal horn neuronal activity and IVP were recorded from urethane‐anesthetized naive and streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats. Saline was continuously perfused into the urinary bladder through a cannula to induce micturition.ResultsWe classified SDH neurons into bladder‐ and urethral‐responsive neurons, based on their responsiveness during the voiding reflex. Bladder‐responsive SDH neurons responded to the rapid increase in IVP at the start of voiding. In contrast, urethral‐responsive SDH neuronal firing increased at the peak IVP and their firing lasted during the voiding phase (the high‐frequency oscillations). Urethral‐responsive SDH neurons were more sensitive to capsaicin, received C afferent fiber inputs, and were rarely detected in STZ‐diabetes rats. Administration of a cyclohexenoic long‐chain fatty alcohol (TAC‐302), which is reported to promote neurite outgrowth of peripheral nerves in STZ‐diabetic rats, prevented the functional loss of spinal urethral response.ConclusionsSensory information from the bladder and urethra is conveyed separately to different groups of SDH neurons. Functional loss of spinal urethral sensory information through unmyelinated C afferent fibers may contribute to diabetic bladder dysfunction.
pH‐Controlled network formation in a mixture of oppositely charged cellulose nanocrystals and poly(allylamine)
Authors: Martin Patrick , Vasilyev Gleb , Chu Guang , Boas Mor , Arinstein Arkadii , Zussman Eyal 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe behavior of a mixture of negatively charged cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and positively charged poly(allylamine) (PAAm) is examined in aqueous media. By modulating the pH, the acting Coulomb forces can be varied that can lead not only to adsorption of PAAm chains on the CNC surface but also to the development of a supermolecular structure by bridging of CNC rods by extended PAAm chains. This bridging can result in the formation of CNC clusters, which was demonstrated experimentally. Light scattering and rheological studies showed that these clusters begin to grow and merge, ultimately forming a global percolated network above a critical degree of PAAm ionization. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1527–1536
The effectiveness of distance‐based interventions for smoking cessation and alcohol moderation among cancer survivors: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mujcic Ajla , Blankers Matthijs , Bommelé Jeroen , Boon Brigitte , Berman Anne H. , Verdonck‐de Leeuw Irma M. , van Laar Margriet , Engels Rutger 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate current evidence for the effectiveness of distance‐based interventions to support smoking cessation (SC) or alcohol moderation (AM) among cancer survivors. Secondary, differences in effectiveness are explored regarding multibehaviour interventions versus single‐behaviour interventions targeting SC or AM only.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted. Intervention studies with and without control groups and randomized controlled trials were included. Random effects meta‐analyses were conducted for the main outcomes: SC and AM rates at the follow‐up closest to 6 months. Using subgroup analyses and meta‐regression, effectiveness of single‐behaviour versus multibehaviour interventions was evaluated.ResultsA total of 17 studies with 3796 participants; nine studies on SC only, eight studies on multibehaviour interventions including an SC or AM module, and no studies on AM only were included. All studies had at least some concerns regarding bias. Distance‐based SC interventions led to higher cessation rates than control conditions (10 studies, odds ratio [OR] = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.13‐2.15, P = .007). Single‐behaviour SC interventions reduced smoking rates compared with baseline (risk difference [RD] = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.19‐0.39, P < .0001), but multibehaviour interventions did not (RD = 0.13; 95% CI, −0.05 to 0.31, P = 0.15). There was insufficient evidence that distance‐based multibehaviour interventions reduced alcohol use compared with controls (three studies, standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.12; 95% CI, −0.08 to 0.31, P = .24).ConclusionsDistance‐based SC interventions are effective in supporting SC among cancer survivors. Single‐behaviour SC interventions appear more effective than multibehaviour interventions. No evidence was found for the effectiveness of distance‐based AM interventions for cancer survivors.
Depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and participation in breast and cervical cancer screening: Cross‐sectional and prospective evidence from UK Biobank
Authors: Niedzwiedz Claire L. , Robb Kathryn A. , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Pell Jill P. , Smith Daniel J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between depressive symptoms, neuroticism, and participation in breast and cervical screening in the UK.MethodsWomen in the UK Biobank cohort with complete data who were eligible for breast cancer screening (aged 50‐70 years, N = 143 461) and/or cervical screening (<65 years, N = 141 753) at baseline recruitment (2006‐2010) and those with follow‐up data (2014‐2019) were identified (N = 11 050 and N = 9780 for breast and cervical screening). Depressive symptoms and neuroticism were self‐reported at baseline (range 0‐12 with higher scores reflecting greater severity). Primary outcomes were reporting being up to date with breast and cervical screening. For prospective analyses, patterns of screening participation from baseline to follow‐up were identified. Logistic regression was used to analyse associations, adjusted for potential confounding factors.ResultsMore severe depressive symptoms were associated with reduced likelihood of breast (OR = 0.960, 95% CI: 0.950,0.970) and cervical (OR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.950,0.966) screening participation, in cross‐sectional analyses. Higher neuroticism scores were associated with reduced cervical screening participation, but the opposite was found for breast cancer screening. Examination of individual neuroticism items revealed that anxiety and worry were associated with increased breast screening. At follow‐up, higher baseline depressive symptoms were related to decreased cervical screening (OR = 0.955, 95% CI: 0.913,0.999), but not with breast screening.ConclusionsMore severe depressive symptoms may be a barrier for breast and cervical screening and could be an indicator for more proactive strategies to improve uptake.