bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice regarding Anaphylaxis among Pediatric Health Care Providers in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Patnaik Sibabratta , Krishna Samarth , Jain Mukesh Kumar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAnaphylaxis is a severe, life threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction which requires prompt, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate management. The objective of the study is to assess the extent of knowledge, management skills, and attitude on anaphylaxis among pediatric health care providers of a tertiary care teaching hospital. This was a cross-sectional study done in the department of pediatrics, which included faculty, residents, interns, and nurses. The knowledge, attitude, and practice were assessed using a standardized questionnaire comprised of 35 questions. The questionnaire was distributed and collected in person to all the participants. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and confidentiality was ensured at all stages. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The mean of total knowledge score (TKS) was 7.36 ± 1.42. TKS of faculty was 8.36 ± 1.15, in residents 7.81 ± 1.25, in interns 7.46 ± 1.15, and in nurses 6.69 ± 1.57. Knowledge scores of faculty, residents, and interns were significantly higher than that of nurses while there was no significant difference between faculty, residents, and interns. The majority of participants have positive attitude toward anaphylaxis. Incorrect practice is followed by most of the participants. The extent of knowledge about anaphylaxis among pediatric health care providers is moderate but management skills remains suboptimal. Thus, proper training, through continued medical educations and programs to improve abilities to recognize and manage anaphylaxis are very crucial. Differential approach may be followed to different groups; nurses need extra training for optimal management of anaphylaxis.
Power and gender
Authors: Li Ke , Zhu Huichao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigates metaphors used in mergers and acquisitions texts in a Chinese financial newspaper,The 21st Century Business Herald. Based on corpus data, we approach the rhetorical motive and persuasive power hidden behind metaphors from the perspective of rhetorical criticism. The study found four major metaphors:war, marriage, struggle and hunting, andgame, in the financial texts about mergers and acquisitions. Thewarmetaphor is the most common variety, followed by themarriagemetaphor, suggesting the role of power perception and gender perception in the representation of financial affairs.
Writing development during study abroad
Authors: Strobl Carola , Baten Kristof 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Previous research on the benefits of study abroad (SA) has mainly focused on oral communication skills and L2 English,
while written communication and other foreign languages have received far less attention. This study addresses this gap by investigating
writing development in L2 German. It also aims to further the discussion about methods to assess writing development by combining different
types of data. The writing gains of 30 Belgian students in L2 German were investigated after one semester abroad. Pre- and post-SA writing
samples were analysed using linguistic and task-related assessment criteria. The results are triangulated with data about self-perceived
language gains, on the one hand, and self-reported language contact and social networks during SA, on the other. The results indicate a
correlation between self-report writing gains, language contact, and social networks.
Sweet cherry rootstocks.
Authors: Long Lynn E. , Lang Gregory A. , Kaiser Clive 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

All commercial sweet cherry trees are either budded or grafted. This chapter deals with sweet cherry rootstocks. Rootstocks are used for several purposes: (i) ease for propagating and producing more trees of a superior cultivar; (ii) better adaptation to particular soil or site characteristics; and (iii) the potential improvement of production due to additional traits like precocious flowering, higher productivity, and greater or reduced scion vigor as appropriate. Unfortunately, no one rootstock can satisfy all the requirements for consistently producing high yields of large, firm fruit of premium quality. Growers are advised to consider carefully the effects of each specific scion-rootstock combination as a function of environmental and cultural practices when replanting an orchard. Selecting the proper rootstock depends not only on the management skills of the grower, but also on the scion cultivar, training system, and site climate and soil selected for the orchard. Dwarfing, semi-dwarfing and even semi-vigorous rootstocks have major economic advantages over full-size rootstocks. The development of these new, precocious rootstocks has been almost as significant to the sweet cherry industry as to the apple industry several decades ago. When compared to Mazzard, Colt and even Mahaleb, size-controlling rootstocks have allowed sweet cherry growers an opportunity to plant high density, pedestrian orchards that become profitable more quickly, are more readily protected with orchard covering systems, and promote greater labor efficiency, easier management, and a safer and more productive work environment.
Sweet cherry training systems.
Authors: Long Lynn E. , Lang Gregory A. , Kaiser Clive 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Training systems should be considered to be dynamic and continuously developing, as every grower and orchard site is different, with inherent traits that lead to subtle modifications of initial ideas and training concepts that can significantly affect their ultimate degree of success. This chapter will address more than a dozen potential sweet cherry canopy training systems. It provides a discussion of some of the key cherry training techniques and concepts, and particular benefits and limitations, to help growers determine how they might adopt or mix-and-match training systems for their goals, cultivars, rootstocks, orchard sites and labor situations.
Managing orchard pathogens and disorders.
Authors: Long Lynn E. , Lang Gregory A. , Kaiser Clive 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

This chapter provides information on the various pathogens causing damage to cherry production, such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Podosphaera clandestina, Chondrostereum purpureum and Little cherry virus 1 and 2, among others. Details on their symptoms, transmission and disease cycle are discussed and the efficacy of various methods in their management are pointed out.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Novel, Unofficial, Trainee-Organized Hospital Addiction Medicine Consultation Service
Authors: Brothers Thomas D. , Fraser John , MacAdam Emily , Morgan Brendan , Francheville Jordan , Nidumolu Aditya , Cheung Christopher , Hickcox Samuel , Saunders David , O'Donnell Tiffany , Genge Leah , Webster Duncan 
Published: December 2020

Background To evaluate a novel, unofficial, trainee-organized, hospital addiction medicine consultation service (AMCS), we aimed to assess whether it was (1) acceptable to hospital providers and patients, (2) feasible to organize and deliver, and (3) impacted patient care. Methods We performed a retrospective descriptive study of all AMCS consultations over the first 16 months. We determined acceptability via the number of referrals received from admitting services, and the proportion of referred patients who consented to consultation. We evaluated feasibility via continuation/growth of the service over time, and the proportion of referrals successfully completed before hospital discharge. As most referrals related to opioid use disorder, we determined impact through the proportion of eligible patients offered and initiated on opioid agonist therapy (OAT) in hospital, and the proportion of patients who filled their outpatient prescription or attended their first visit with their outpatient OAT prescriber. Results The unofficial AMCS grew to involve six hospital-based residents and five supervising community-based addiction physicians. The service received 59 referrals, primarily related to injection opioid use, for 50 unique patients from 12 different admitting services. 90% of patients were seen before discharge, and 98% agreed to addiction medicine consultation. Among 34 patients with active moderate-severe opioid use disorder who were not already on OAT, 82% initiated OAT in hospital and 89% of these patients continued after discharge. Conclusions Established in response to identified gaps in patient care and learning opportunities, a novel, unofficial, trainee-organized AMCS was acceptable, feasible, and positively impacted patient care over the first 16 months. This trainee-organized, unofficial AMCS could be used as a model for other hospitals that do not yet have an official AMCS.
Comparison and calibration of 24‐hour physical activity recall in adult population
Authors: Saraiva Leão Borges Lara P. , Ries Daniel C. , Sousa Alessandra Gaspar , da costa Teresa Helena Macedo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study compared and calibrated metabolic equivalents (METs) per day from 24‐hour physical activity recall (24hPAR) with accelerometry. A sub‐sample of 74 adults of both sexes, residents of Brasília, Brazil, from a larger study had same day measurements of accelerometry and 24hPAR data. METs values were assessed by accelerometry (7 consecutive days of use) and by 24hPAR (minimum of one and maximum of 2 per person). A script was written in the R statistical software to analyse the recall and accelerometer data. The script ran a simple linear regression to visualize the relationship between total METs/day for the two methods and to execute the recall measurement error correction. Most of participants were female (54.1%), with at least university graduate (94.6%) and mean age of 34.8 years (±11.83). The correlation coefficient obtained between 24hPAR and accelerometer was r = 0.55, considered moderate and significant (p < 0.001). A majority of the participants (77%) underestimated METs values compared to accelerometry when answering the questionnaire. Calibration of 24hPAR allowed us to approximate MET values to the accelerometer. The calibration equation to correct total METs/day for measurement error is (total 24hPAR METs/day – 10.6)/0.619. The 24hPAR is a decent tool to assess PA level in large adults’ samples. However, compared with accelerometer, it underestimates METs values, which can be corrected with the use of the calibration equation provided in this study.
Oxynet: A collective intelligence that detects ventilatory thresholds in cardiopulmonary exercise tests
Authors: Zignoli A. , Fornasiero A. , Rota P. , Muollo V. , Peyré‐Tartaruga L.A. , Low D.A. , Fontana F.Y. , Besson D. , Pühringer M. , Ring‐Dimitriou S. , Mourot L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe problem of the automatic determination of the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) from cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) still leads to controversy. The reliability of the gold standard methodology (i.e. expert visual inspection) feeds into the debate and several authors call for more objective automatic methods to be used in the clinical practice. In this study, we present a framework based on a collaborative approach, where a web‐application was used to crowd‐source a large number (1245) of CPET data of individuals with different aerobic fitness. The resulting database was used to train and test an artificial intelligence (i.e. a convolutional neural network) algorithm. This automatic classifier is currently implemented in another web‐application and was used to detect the ventilatory thresholds in the available CPET. A total of 206 CPET were used to evaluate the accuracy of the estimations against the expert opinions. The neural network was able to detect the ventilatory thresholds with an average mean absolute error of 178 (198) mlO2/min (11.1%, r = 0.97) and 144 (149) mlO2/min (6.1%, r = 0.99), for VT1 and VT2 respectively. The performance of the neural network in detecting VT1 deteriorated in case of individuals with poor aerobic fitness. Our results suggest the potential for a collective intelligence system to outperform isolated experts in ventilatory thresholds detection. However, the inclusion of a larger number of VT1 examples certified by a community of experts will be likely needed before the abilities of this collective intelligence can be translated into the clinical use of CPET.
Teaching With Toons: Designing a Novel Blended-Learning Curriculum for Cognition and Dementia in Nursing Education
Authors: Brown Bryan , Kang Gina , Schwartz Anna , Marottoli Richard , Rink Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There is a shortage of learners completing nursing training and pursuing roles in geriatrics and dementia care, possibly caused by ageism, misconceptions, and personal experiences such as with family members, along with uncertainty and discomfort and providing care to this population. Using Kern’s six-steps of curriculum design, we set out to design a novel, blended-learning intervention to improve dementia education at a local nursing school. After reviewing the literature, local needs assessments were carried out in the form of stakeholder discussions and semi-structured interviews with a subset of nursing students. Interview results, themes from the literature, and incorporation of the current learning objectives in the existing curriculum, were integrated to create a new lesson plan, including a “flipped classroom” component using 2D vector animation, as well as animation-assisted, interactive, case-based lecture and discussion format. Media was designed through an iterative process including review of content outline, objectives, storyboards, and concept art by stakeholders and content experts throughout the design process. This novel approach to interdisciplinary, blended-learning curriculum design has the potential to improve nursing student attitudes and foundational knowledge about dementia and cognition.
The Preventing Dementia MOOC: Contribution to First Nations’ Health and Well-Being
Authors: Goldberg Lynette , Baldock Dianne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dementia is a global public health issue. First Nations people are at increased risk due to complex intergenerational factors grounded in inequalities in health services and economic and educational opportunities. While there is yet no drug-related cure for this progressive and terminal neurological condition, evidence confirms that increased understanding of dementia and modification of lifestyle factors can reduce risk. The primary potentially modifiable risk factors are not completing secondary school, midlife hypertension, obesity, type II diabetes, depression, physical inactivity, smoking, hearing loss acquired after the age of 55 years, and social isolation. Inherent in these factors is stress, affecting mental health. Addressing these factors globally could prevent or delay over 40 million cases of dementia. The free Preventing Dementia Massive Open Online Course (PD MOOC) is a globally recognized 4-week course that aims to build self-efficacy in knowledge and management of modifiable risk factors. The course has reached over 68,000 people world-wide and is rated highly; however, its contribution to First Nations communities has not yet been investigated. We describe the content of the PD MOOC, report on its impact in a cohort of older Aboriginal people (≥ 50 years of age) in Circular Head, Tasmania, Australia six months after course completion, and emphasize the importance of including traditional approaches to healing. We describe a protocol in which cultural determinants of health can be infused into the PD MOOC and evaluated to promote health and well-being globally for older First Nations people.
Continuing Education for Gerontological Social Work: Findings From Post-Graduate Advanced Practice Training
Authors: Mirza Raza , Kilbourn Alison , Sinha Samir , Hsieh Jessica 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The social work profession aims to help all individuals, families, and communities enhance their overall well-being. While gerontological social workers primarily work with seniors, they are often tasked with addressing the needs of not only their senior client, but the client’s network as well. Social workers are also asked to stay current with respect to new legislation, policy, and systemic changes to help their clients. Thus, gerontological social workers often need to obtain advanced practice education in a number of areas, as related to gerontology. Responding to this gap, the National Initiative for the Care of the Elderly (NICE) and Sinai Health offered a series of innovative advanced practice gerontological social work courses - hybrid online and in-class - to those looking to improve their knowledge and competencies in the following five identified 'high impact' areas: (1) Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD); (2) cultural competence and LGBTQI2S; (3) mental health; (4) legal issues and aging; (5) dementia. Participants in the courses completed pre- and post-surveys assessing knowledge, attitudes and competencies with the subject matter, with responses helping to improve understanding of how to provide the most appropriate resources for those who care for older adults and how to better shape future education/training programs. Findings suggest that gerontological social workers may benefit from 'tailored refresher courses' that bridge knowledge and practice gaps, that the optimal update time may be every three years, and that clinicians benefit from being trained by interdisciplinary teams, rather than by someone of the same profession.
Challenges Related to Informal Care Partners’ Involvement in End-of-Life-Care in Assisted Living
Authors: Perkins Molly , Vandenberg Ann , Kemp Candace , Ball Mary , Jungerman Joanna , Abken Elise , Bender Alexis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Limited empirical evidence suggests that caregiver burden is greater for informal care partners (family and friends) in assisted living (AL) compared with other long-term care settings, particularly within context of end of life. Using qualitative data from a larger 5-year, 7-site study of end-of-life care in AL funded by the National Institute on Aging (R01AG047408), we investigate informal care partners’ involvement in end-of-life care and identify challenges related to informal caregiving that might contribute to care burden. Grounded theory analysis of ethnographic data and in-depth interviews (average interview length = 97 minutes) with 59 racially and ethnically diverse informal care partners (mean age = 60) shows that informal care partner involvement in end-of-life care varies across participants and over time and is shaped by multiple intersecting social and structural determinants. At individual levels, these include many personal, situational, and relational factors. Personal factors include but are not limited to care partners’ own physical and mental health and material resources (e.g., ability to pay for supplementary care). Situational and relational factors include care partners’ awareness (or lack thereof) of residents’ impending death and the quality of the caregiving relationship. AL and wider community-level factors include understaffing, staff turnover, inadequate hospice support, and lack of access to these services. We find that informal care partners navigate these caregiving challenges through a basic social process we conceptualize as “negotiating risks.” Strategies for easing caregiver burden and improving informal care partner and resident quality of life at end of life are implicated.
Depressive Symptoms and Loneliness Among Black and White Older Adults: The Moderating Effects of Race
Authors: Taylor Harry , Nguyen Ann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Loneliness is consistently linked to worse depression/depressive symptoms; however, few studies examined if this relationship varies by race. The purpose of this study was to determine if race moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms among a nationally representative sample of older Black and White adults. Data come from the 2014 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Core survey and Psychosocial Leave Behind Questionnaire; only Black and White older adults were included in the analysis (N=6,469). Depressive symptoms were operationalized by the CESD; however, the ‘felt lonely’ item was removed given concerns with collinearity. Loneliness was operationalized using the Hughes 3-Item Loneliness Scale. Sociodemographic variables included gender, age, education, household income, employment status, marital status, and living alone or with others. Furthermore, social support and negative interactions from family members and friends, and religious service attendance were included in the analysis. Lastly, we created an interaction term with race and loneliness. All analyses used survey weights to account for the complex multistage sampling design of the HRS. Missing data were multiply imputed. Older Blacks had higher rates of loneliness and depressive symptoms compared to older Whites. In multivariate analysis, we found race significantly moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms while controlling for sociodemographic, social support, negative interaction, and religious attendance covariates. For both older Blacks and Whites, greater loneliness affected depressive symptoms; however, the effect was stronger among Whites than it was for Blacks. Findings can be used to create racially sensitive depression interventions.
Discerning Unmet Self-Care Need and Co-Design of a Mobile App With Chinese Immigrant Caregivers to Promote Self-Care
Authors: Yu Kexin , Jiang Haojun , Liu Mandong , Wu Shinyi , Jordan-Marsh Maryalice , Chi Iris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Immigrant caregivers are the backbone for supporting frail older adults in the United States. However, caregivers' own self-care need is often neglected, especially among racial/ethnic minorities. In the current study, a co-design approach was employed to develop a mobile app for raising awareness and promoting behaviors of self-care among Chinese immigrant caregivers. Individual in-depth interviews conducted through two co-design phases, i.e., conceptual design and prototype design. Twelve caregiver participants voiced their unmet self-care need and expressed their opinions about adopting the co-designed mobile App to access self-care information. The unmet self-care need includes both self-care barriers and supportive resources, and App features the caregivers wish to have. Three self-care barriers were identified in the co-design interviews, including culture-specific stressors, immigrant-status related challenges, and work-related restrictions. Caregiver participants expressed that they wish the care recipients could have education on the boundaries between them and a caregiver. Additionally, the participants reported wanted to learn about handling care emergencies with the co-design app and would like to see short videos and stories included in the App. Participants expressed mixed opinions towards adopting mobile technology – while most of the participants appreciated the content provided, some were concerned that learning with mobile technology could add to their burdens, and technical difficulties could prevent them from using the App. Designing the App to be engaging and fun emerged as highly desirable. The co-design process appears to be beneficial in having participants to articulate both current self-care barriers and preference for a mobile technology tool.