bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a new thromboplastin reagent STA‐NeoPTimal on a STA R Max analyzer for the measurement of prothrombin time, international normalized ratio and extrinsic factor levels
Authors: Mullier François , Paridaens Marie‐Sophie , Evrard Jonathan , Baudar Justine , Guldenpfennig Maité , Devroye Celia , Miller Laurence , Chatelain Bernard , Lessire Sarah , Jacqmin Hugues 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed at evaluating the performance of a new prothrombin time (PT) reagent (STA‐NeoPTimal) with two other PT reagents (STA‐Neoplastine R and STA‐Neoplastine CI Plus) and the reference PT reagent used in our laboratory (ReadiPlasTin).MethodsEvaluation consisted in intra‐ and interassay precision assessment, determination of sensitivity to unfractionated heparin (UFH) or enoxaparin in spiked samples and to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients (n = 43). Method comparison of the 4 PT reagents, factor II, V, VII and X assays was tested on normal (n = 20) and abnormal samples: VKA (n = 47), preoperative (n = 23), liver failure (n = 12) and burned patients (n = 37).ResultsAnalytical performance met manufacturers’ criteria for all reagents. All PT reagents gave correlation coefficients >0.8 and even >0.9 in many situations. In some VKA samples, differences ≥ 0.5 INR units were found in samples within and above therapeutic ranges. For burned patients, PT correlations were good but with some minimal bias (<5.0%) while factor assays gave very consistent results (R > .8 and mainly >0.9). As expected, poor responsiveness of the PT to DOAC concentrations was observed with all four assays.ConclusionThe STA‐NeoPTimal showed comparable performance to ReadiPlasTin, making it suitable for VKA control, detection of factors II, V, VII, X deficiency and assessment of liver disease coagulopathy. However, for patients receiving VKA, some significant differences were observed. We confirmed the inability of the PT assay to detect residual DOAC concentrations. Finally, burned patients results showed that recombinant thromboplastins were less sensitive to factor deficiencies in comparison to extraction thromboplastins.
Evaluation of automated capillary complete blood counts for routine clinical decision making in a large cohort of hematological patients, using Mindray BC‐3000 Plus Auto and Sysmex XE‐5000 hematology analyzers
Authors: Oudatzis Georgios , Tsagarakis Nikolaos J. , Paterakis Georgios , Vasileiou Paraskevi , Xenou Efthalia , Maraki Paraskevi , Pangrati Toula , Angelopoulou Maria K. , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. , Konstantopoulos Kostas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionVenous blood (VB) sampling for complete blood count (CBC) via venipuncture is the basic method for the daily evaluation of hematological patients. However, several issues during this process, such as venipuncture difficulty and repetitive attempts, may cause pain, phlebitis, hematomas, inadequate sampling, and patient discomfort. Capillary blood (CB) sampling could be an alternative and less painful solution for the patient. The purpose of this study was the comparative evaluation of basic CBC parameters, as counted from venous and capillary blood samples.MethodsDuring the period 06/2016‐06/2019 in which the study was conducted, 1634 automated counts of VB or CB were performed, derived from 425 hematological hospitalized patients. Bland‐Altman plots were performed to show the agreement of VB and CB counts of common hematological parameters (Hb, Hct, WBC, absolute neutrophil count‐[ANC], RBC, Plt, MCV, MCH), using two different hematology analyzers (Mindray BC‐3000 Plus Auto and Sysmex XE‐5000). Clinical significance of CB sampling was assessed by applying specific clinically significant cutoffs for Hb, ANC, and Plt.ResultsAll measured parameters revealed a significant correlation (r > .9) between CB and VB samples, irrelatively of the hematology analyzer used. CB measurements of Hb, ANC, and Plt, at different clinically important cutoff levels, showed excellent sensitivity (87%‐100%), specificity (95%‐100%), positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (87%‐100% and 90%‐100%, respectively).ConclusionCapillary blood and VB counts in hematological patients were equivalent for most basic hematological parameters. Hb, ANC, and Plt CB counts revealed clinically significant performance, indicating that they can reliably substitute VB sampling in the day work.
Systematic review of the efficacy of topical haemoglobin therapy for wound healing
Authors: Hu Jieman , Guo Shaoning , Hu Haiyan , Sun Jianan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHypoxia is a common cause of poor wound healing, for which a variety of oxygen therapies have been developed. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional methods of treatment, namely the type of equipment, its setting, safety and cost, local haemoglobin therapy has been developed, although no reviews have so far been published. Here, we systematically review the current evidence to establish the efficacy, scope, adverse reactions, and required precautions of this new form of therapy. A search of the literature was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of science databases, with 17 studies meeting the eligibility criteria, comprising one animal model study and 16 clinical studies. Local haemoglobin therapy is able to safely and effectively promote the healing of a variety of wounds, especially those that are chronic and non‐healing. However, premature discontinuation of this treatment can result in impediment to wound healing and even deterioration of the wound. The distinct benefit of the elimination of slough and relief of pain suggests that this technique may represent a new generation of debridement technology. Furthermore, its ease of use and convenience enables patient self‐management, thereby greatly reducing health care costs.
Adaptive retrieval practice withmultiple‐choicequestions in the university classroom
Authors: Greving Sven , Lenhard Wolfgang , Richter Tobias 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRetrieval practice promotes retention more than restudying (i.e., thetesting effect) and is applied to many educational settings. However, little research has investigated means to enhance this effect in educational settings. Theoretical accounts assume retrieval practice to be the most effective whenever retrieval is difficult but successful. Therefore, we developed a novel retrieval practice procedure, which adapts to learners' abilities and can be applied irrespective of learning content. This adaptive procedure aims to make retrieval gradually easier whenever students provide an incorrect answer. In a field experiment, students read book chapters as part of a weekly university course. In three consecutive weeks, they then practiced reading assignments by (a) adaptive testing, (b) non‐adaptive testing and (c) restudy. In Week 4, a surprise criterial test took place. Restudy outperformed both testing conditions, whereas adaptive testing performed equally well as non‐adaptive testing. However, exploratory analyses revealed that with increasing retention intervals, the superiority of restudy disappeared. Furthermore, whenever participants fully read the assignments and retention intervals increased, adaptive testing outperformed non‐adaptive testing. In sum, adaptive retrieval practice did not prove to be generally superior, but retention interval and students' preparation for class might be conditions rendering adaptive retrieval useful in educational settings.
Psychosocial aspects of periodontal disease diagnosis and treatment: A qualitative study
Authors: Horne Poppy E. , Foster Page Lyndie A. , Leichter Jonathan W. , Knight Ellie T. , Thomson W. Murray 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsPatient‐reported outcomes have attracted interest as there has been a shift from clinician‐centric endpoints. This qualitative study aimed to develop an understanding of the psychosocial impact of periodontitis and its treatment.Materials and methodsFourteen adults were asked to document their experiences of untreated periodontitis and non‐surgical periodontal therapy at a university clinic, using written or audio‐recorded diaries. The diary data were then used as a framework for semi‐structured qualitative interviews, conducted at the completion of initial non‐surgical treatment. Inductive thematic content data analysis was employed.ResultsThree themes illustrated the detrimental impact of periodontitis: “concealment,” “having a guilty conscience” and “patient comfort as paramount.” These were related to a core underlying concept, “progression to a more positive outlook,” which described a distinct shift in participants’ attitudes and optimism after their periodontal treatment. Despite finding treatment unpleasant, the participants described profound positive influences on their social well‐being, self‐esteem, mood, work, relationships and outlook.ConclusionsThis study illustrated the broad psychosocial impact of periodontitis. The findings suggest that the benefits of periodontal treatment extend beyond improvements in traditional biomedical indicators to those which are more relevant and desirable to patients.
Oligosaccharide‐dependent anti‐inflammatory role of galectin‐1 for macrophages in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Iwatani Shuko , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Amano Takahiro , Otake Yuriko , Tani Mizuki , Yoshihara Takeo , Tsujii Yoshiki , Hayashi Yoshito , Inoue Takahiro , Okuzaki Daisuke , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Miyoshi Eiji , Iijima Hideki , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimGalectin‐1 plays a protective role against colitis by binding with polylactosamine structures on macrophages in β‐1,4‐galactosyltransferase I‐deficient mice, but the precise function of galectin‐1 remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the anti‐inflammatory role of galectin‐1 on macrophages to ameliorate ulcerative colitis in both animal model and human tissue samples.MethodsThe expression of galectin‐1 in colonic tissues of ulcerative colitis patients was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Cytokine production of mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) cultured with galectin‐1 was investigated. Galectin‐1 binding capacity and polylactosamine expression in macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharides were evaluated by flow cytometry. BMDMs cultured with galectin‐1 were transferred into Recombination activating gene (Rag) 2−/− mice, and the severity of the dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis model was investigated. Furthermore, RNA sequencing was performed to characterize macrophages treated with galectin‐1.ResultsIn ulcerative colitis patients, tissue expression of galectin‐1was decreased in inflamed mucosa compared with non‐inflamed mucosa. Galectin‐1 induced interleukin‐10 production in BMDMs, and the interleukin‐10 production was abrogated by lactose, which inhibits the interaction of oligosaccharide–galectin binding. Dextran sodium sulfate colitis was significantly ameliorated in Rag2−/− mice undergoing galectin‐1‐treated BMDM transfer compared with those undergoing vehicle‐treated BMDM transfer. RNA sequencing revealed that treatment with galectin‐1 increased the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and CD163, but decreased the expression of CD80 on BMDMs.ConclusionGalectin‐1, whose expression is decreased in the inflamed mucosa of ulcerative colitis patients, can ameliorate murine colitis by conferring oligosaccharide‐dependent anti‐inflammatory properties to macrophages.
Self‐reported bowel symptoms are associated with differences in overall gut microbiota composition and enrichment of Blautia in a population‐based cohort
Authors: Brunkwall Louise , Ericson Ulrika , Nilsson Peter M , Orho‐Melander Marju , Ohlsson Bodil 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimAltered gut microbiota have been suggested as part of an etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but studies have shown contrasting results. Our aim was to examine gut microbiota composition in a large population‐based cohort, with respect to presence and severity of bowel symptoms.MethodsThe study cohort consisted of 1988 participants of the Malmö Offspring Study (mean age 40 years, 53% women). From a questionnaire, 19% reported having bowel symptoms the last 2 weeks and 15% reported having IBS. Bowel symptoms were assessed by a validated set of questions with visual analog scales. Gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (300 bp*2 in V1–V3 region) from fecal samples. The association between abundance of bacteria at genus level and bowel symptoms was calculated by logistic regression or general linear model, adjusted for false discovery rate (q < 0.05).ResultsSelf‐reported bowel symptoms (P = 0.003) and IBS (P = 0.031) were associated with difference in overall gut microbiota composition (beta‐diversity). Additionally, bowel symptoms and IBS were associated with increased abundance of Blautia, and bowel symptoms also with a genus in the SHA98 order and Butyricimonas. Pain was associated with increased abundance of Fusobacterium. Diarrhea was associated positively with [Prevotella] and Blautia and negatively with a genus in the SHA98 order and a genus in the Christensenellaceae family.ConclusionSelf‐reported bowel symptoms are associated with differences in overall gut microbiota composition and abundancy of a few specific bacteria at genus level in a population‐based cohort. Diarrhea is the individual symptom with most associations.
Dietary vitamin A intakes among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities in Dessie Town, North East Ethiopia
Authors: Koricho Z. , Atomssa G. E. , Mekonnen T. C. , Tadesse S. E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitamin A plays an important role in vision, cellular differentiation, embryonic development, reproduction, growth and the immune system. Women who live in developing countries face a risk of undernutrition during pregnancy as a result of poverty, poor diet quality and quantity, and a high fertility rate. This poor dietary problem could reflect the high risk of vitamin A deficiency in women. The present study aimed to determine the adequacy of vitamin A among pregnant women following antenatal care in health facilities of Dessie Town, Ethiopia, January 2017.MethodsHealth facility‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 390 women who attended antenatal care in Dessie Town. Food groups from the Food and Agriculture Organization based on 24‐h dietary recall were used to measure dietary intake of vitamin A and dietary diversity of women. Adequacy of vitamin A was determined from the nutrient adequacy ratio after obtaining reports of nutrient intake from food composition tables version III and IV in terms of B carotene and retinol equivalent, respectively, based on the estimated average requirement recommendation of vitamin A, 370 retinol equivalent day−1for pregnant women. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors of vitamin A adequacy.ResultsAdequacy of vitamin A among pregnant women was 41.8%, with an average nutrient adequacy ratio of 0.9. The mean dietary intake of vitamin A was 290.1 µg day–1. The predictors for adequacy of vitamin A were high and medium women diversity scores (adjusted odds ratio = 2.92; 95% confidence interval = 1.50–5.70) and (adjusted odds ratio = 1.87; 95% confidence interval = 1.11–3.16).ConclusionsIn the present study, adequacy of vitamin A was low and was affected by the dietary diversity score. A focus on food‐based approaches, especially regarding educating pregnant women to diversify their diet, is crucial for reducing the risk of vitamin A deficiency.Vitamin A is crucial micronutrient for the health of women and fetus, being essential for morphological, ocular and functional developments, as well as fetal organ and skeletal growth. Its requirement is greater during pregnancy and its deficiencies lead to maternal and child mortality and development. The dietary intake of vitamin A among pregnant women remains below the current recommendation.Inadequate intake of vitamin APregnant womenHeath facilityDessie, Ethiopia
Time‐lapse visualization of shrinking soot in diesel particulate filter during active‐regeneration using field emission scanning electron microscopy
Authors: SRILOMSAK M. , HANAMURA K. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryRegeneration of diesel particulate filter (DPF) is a complicated process due to its high operating temperature and associated oxidation of soot on the filter substrate. Several oxidation mechanisms of diesel soot have been proposed based on reaction kinetics, but more information about the oxidation phenomena is needed in a practical system, that is, soot oxidation on a DPF substrate. In this work, the DPF regeneration process was, for the first time, visualized at the particle scale ex‐situ, in time‐lapse series, using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). Time‐lapse transformation of soot cake layer on a real DPF was followed from initiation through the complete regeneration process. In parallel, transformation of the soot primary particle diameter was directly measured using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. FE‐SEM visualization clearly showed shrinkage of the soot cake layer on the DPF wall as oxidation progressed. Furthermore, diameter distribution analysis revealed a trend of shrinkage of the nanoscale soot primary particles during oxidation, supporting the FE‐SEM observations of the micron‐scale shrinkage of the agglomerated soot cake layer. Fragmentation of the shrunken soot cake layer was also observed and is suspected to be a result of locally higher gas flow that depends on surface pore morphology of the filter substrate.Lay DescriptionIn this work, the DPF regeneration process was, for the first time, visualized at the particle scale ex‐situ, in time‐lapse series, using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). Time‐lapse transformation of soot cake layer on a real DPF was followed from initiation through the complete regeneration process. In parallel, transformation of the soot primary particle diameter was directly measured using high resolution transmission electron microscopy. FE‐SEM visualization clearly showed shrinkage of the soot cake layer on the DPF wall as oxidation progressed. Furthermore, diameter distribution analysis revealed a trend of shrinkage of the nano‐scaled soot primary particles during oxidation, supporting the FE‐SEM observations of the shrinkage of the micron‐scale agglomerated soot cake layer. Fragmentation of the shrunken soot cake layer was also observed and is suspected to be a result of locally higher gas flow that depends on surface pore morphology of the filter substrate. Further detail mechanism about transformations of the soot cake layer was additionally discussed based on electrostatic attraction.
Treatment of linear scleroderma “En coup de Sabre” with single‐stage autologous fat grafting: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ayoub Rita , Saba Salim C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLinear scleroderma “en coups de sabre” is a disease that causes scar‐like lesions in the forehead and the scalp, and atrophy of the underlying structures. The result is an acute facial asymmetry that can be distressing to affected young adults. Several surgical treatments are available such as free tissue transfer and synthetic fillers.AimsIn this report, we present a rare case of linear scleroderma “en coups de sabre,” which was successfully managed with single‐stage autologous fat grafting.Patients/MethodsThe patient was a 17‐year‐old male who presented with a soft‐tissue defect in the left forehead region. Treatment consisted of transferring autologous fat into the defect in a retrograde fashion, as described by Coleman, and overcorrecting the defect to account for fat resorption.ResultsAt 6 mo postoperatively, the patient had maintained a satisfactory correction of his left forehead and scalp regions with minimal resorption of fat.ConclusionAutologous fat grafting provides a safe and easy approach for the treatment of linear scleroderma “en coups de sabre”. With minimal manipulation of the aspirated fat, combined with overcorrection of the defect, long‐term clinically satisfactory results can be obtained.
Verification of the criteria for reduced occlusal force to diagnose oral hypofunction in older Japanese people: A prospective cohort study on incident functional disability
Authors: Komiyama Takamasa , Ohi Takashi , Miyoshi Yoshitada , Tomata Yasutake , Zhang Shu , Tsuji Ichiro , Watanabe Makoto , Hattori Yoshinori 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn 2016, the Japanese Society of Gerodontology (JSG) proposed the concept of “oral hypofunction (OHF),” and recommended two initial criteria for reduced occlusal force (ROF): <200 N of maximum occlusal force (MOF) and < 20 remaining teeth. However, the JSG stated that these criteria need to be reviewed by accumulating further evidence. To examine the validity and equivalence of the two criteria for ROF in the diagnostic criteria for OHF by using the incidence of functional disability as the outcome. This study enrolled 815 community‐dwelling Japanese individuals ≥ 70 years. They underwent examinations for physical, mental and social functions; MOF; and number of teeth at baseline. The incidence of functional disability (a condition that requires at least partial assistance with daily activities) based on the first certification of long‐term care insurance was followed up. The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that MOF < 200 N (hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04‐1.72) and < 20 teeth (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.84) were significantly associated with increased risk of functional disability. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that the optimal cut‐off values of MOF and number of teeth that best predicted incident functional disability were 264.6 N and 19 teeth, respectively. Twelve teeth were the optimal threshold that best predicted < 200 N of MOF. The two criteria for ROF in the diagnostic criteria for OHF had some degree of validity. However, further studies are needed to develop appropriate and reliable criteria for a decision of ROF.
Costs and uptake of a community model of paediatric food allergy care versus specialist hospital care: A before‐and‐after controlled trial
Authors: Hiscock Harriet , Perera Prescilla , Tang Mimi LK , Danchin Margaret H , Sung Valerie , Karnon Jonathan 
Published: May 2020

AimTo compare the costs of community‐based food allergy model of care (intervention cohort, IC) with a tertiary‐hospital, specialist allergy clinic model of care (control cohort, CC).MethodsIn this pragmatic controlled trial, children (aged 0–12 years) newly referred to the allergy clinic at Melbourne's Royal Children's Hospital with suspected/known food allergy to three or fewer foods were allocated to see either a community‐based paediatrician, trained via online webinars and web‐based clinical decision support tools for food allergy diagnosis and management, or a hospital allergist. Per‐patient costs to the health‐care system and out‐of‐pocket costs to families seen within 12 months (clinician time, allergy tests and medicare billing) were compared between the two models of care.ResultsAt 12 months, 54/181 (30%) CC families had been seen in the allergy clinic and 93/115 (81%) of the IC families who chose to see a community paediatrician had been seen. In an intention‐to‐treat analysis (ITT), health‐care system costs per IC patient were higher than the costs per CC patient (mean cost $333 versus $319, respectively; mean difference $14, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) −97 to 118, P = 0.81). Total out‐of‐pocket costs to family were $129 in the IC compared with $89 in the CC (mean difference $40, 95% CI $4–$77, P = 0.03).ConclusionsA community‐based model of care for simple food allergy showed that costs to the health‐care system were similar between the community model and hospital care but did not show reduced out‐of‐pocket costs to the families 12‐months post‐enrolment.