bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudomonas aeruginosabiofilms display carbohydrate ligands for CD206 and CD209 that interfere with their receptor function
Authors: Singh Sonali , Almuhanna Yasir , Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Lowman Douglas , Rice Peter J. , Gell Chris , Ma Zuchao , Graves Bridget , Jackson Darryl , Lee Kelly , Kelkar Rucha , Koranteng Janice , Mitchell Dan , Silva Ana da , Hussain Farah , Yilmaz Gokhan , Mastrotto Francesca , Irie Yasuhiko , Williams Paul , Williams David , Camara Miguel , Martinez-Pomares Luisa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBacterial biofilms represent a challenge to the healthcare system because of their resilience against antimicrobials and immune attack. Biofilms consist of bacterial aggregates embedded in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composed of carbohydrate polymers, nucleic acids and proteins. Carbohydrates withinP. aeruginosabiofilms include neutral and mannose-rich Psl, and cationic Pel composed ofN-acetyl-galactosamine andN-acetyl-glucosamine. Here we show thatP. aeruginosabiofilms display ligands for the C-type lectin receptors mannose receptor (MR, CD206) and Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209). Binding of MR and DC-SIGN toP. aeruginosabiofilms is carbohydrate-and calcium-dependent and extends to biofilms formed by clinical isolates. Confocal analysis ofP. aeruginosabiofilms shows abundant DC-SIGN ligands among bacteria aggregates while MR ligands concentrate into discrete clusters. DC-SIGN ligands are also detected in planktonicP. aeruginosacultures and depend on the presence of the common polysaccharide antigen. Carbohydrates purified fromP. aeruginosabiofilms are recognised by DC-SIGN and MR; both receptors preferentially bind the high molecular weight fraction (HMW; >132,000Da) with KDs in the nM range. HMW preparations contain 74.9-80.9% mannose, display α-mannan segments and alter the morphology of human dendritic cells without causing obvious changes in cytokine responses. Finally, HMW interferes with the endocytic activity of cell-associated MR and DC-SIGN. This work identifies MR and DC-SIGN as receptors for bacterial biofilms and highlights the potential for biofilm-associated carbohydrates as immunomodulators through engagement of C-type lectin receptors.Author SummarySelective engagement of pattern recognition receptors during infection guides the decision-making process during induction of immune responses. This work identifies mannose-rich carbohydrates within bacterial biofilms as novel molecular patterns associated with bacterial infections.P. aeruginosabiofilms and biofilm-derived carbohydrates bind two important lectin receptors, MR (CD206) and DC-SIGN (CD209), involved in recognition of self and immune evasion. Abundance of MR and DC-SIGN ligands in the context ofP. aeruginosabiofilms could impact immune responses and promote chronic infection.
A fungal member of theArabidopsis thalianaphyllosphere antagonizesAlbugo laibachiivia a secreted lysozyme
Authors: Eitzen Katharina , Sengupta Priyamedha , Kroll Samuel , Kemen Eric , Doehlemann Gunther 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlants are not only challenged by pathogenic organisms, but also colonized by commensal microbes. The network of interactions these microbes establish with their host and amongst each other is suggested to contribute to the immune responses of plants against pathogens. In wildArabidopsis thalianapopulations, the oomycete pathogenAlbugo laibachiihas been shown to play an influential role in structuring the leaf phyllosphere. We show that the epiphytic yeastMoesziomyces bullatusexAlbugoonArabidopsis,a close relative of pathogenic smut fungi, is an antagonistic member of theA. thalianaphyllosphere, which reduces infection ofA. thalianabyA. laibachii. Combination of transcriptome analysis, reverse genetics and protein characterization identified a GH25 hydrolase with lysozyme activity as the major effector of this microbial antagonism. Our findings broaden the understanding of microbial interactions within the phyllosphere, provide insights into the evolution of epiphytic basidiomycete yeasts and pave the way for the development of novel biocontrol strategies.
The cationic amino acid exporter Slc7a7 is vital for and induced in tissue macrophages with sustained efferocytic activity
Authors: Demy Doris Lou , Carrère Mireille , Noche Ramil , Tauzin Muriel , Le Bris Marion , Baek Chooyoung , Yousfi Malika , Leshchiner Ignaty , Goessling Wolfram , Herbomel Philippe 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTMost tissues harbor a substantial population of resident macrophages. It is not quite known yet how their quite diverse phenotypes are shaped by the functions that they assume in each tissue. In this study, we elucidate a functional link between the Slc7a7 cationic amino acid transporter and tissue macrophages. We had identified a mutant zebrafish devoid of microglia due to a mutation in theslc7a7gene. We found that in Slc7a7 deficient larvae, macrophages do enter the retina and brain to become microglia, but then die during the developmental wave of neuronal apoptosis, which triggers intense efferocytic work from them. A similar macrophage demise occurs at other tissues and stages whereby macrophages have to engulf many cell corpses, be it due to developmental or experimentally triggered cell death. We found thatslc7a7is by far the main cationic amino acid transporter gene expressed in macrophages of wild type zebrafish larvae, and that its expression is induced in tissue macrophages within 1-2 hrs upon efferocytosis. Our data altogether indicate that a high level of Slc7a7 is vital not only for microglia but also for any steadily efferocytic tissue macrophages, and thatslc7a7gene induction is one of the adaptive responses that allow them to cope with the catabolism of numerous dead cells without compromising their own viability.
Adherens junction serves to generate cryptic lamellipodia required for collective migration of epithelial cells
Authors: Ozawa Masayuki , Hiver Sylvain , Yamamoto Takaki , Shibata Tatsuo , Upadhyayula Srigokul , Mimori-Kiyosue Yuko , Takeichi Masatoshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCollective migration of epithelial cells plays crucial roles in various biological processes such as cancer invasion. In migrating epithelial sheets, leader cells form lamellipodia to advance, and follower cells also form similar motile apparatus at cell-cell boundaries, which are called cryptic lamellipodia (c-lamellipodia). Using adenocarcinoma-derived epithelial cells, we investigated how c-lamellipodia are generated, and found that they sporadically grew from Ecadherin-based adherens junctions (AJs). WAVE and Arp2/3 complexes were localized along the AJs, and silencing them not only interfered with c-lamellipodia formation but also prevented follower cells from trailing the leaders. Disruption of AJs by removing αE-catenin resulted in uncontrolled c-lamellipodia growth, and this was brought about by myosin II activation and the resultant contraction of AJ-associated actomyosin cables. Additional observations indicated that c-lamellipodia tended to grow at mechanically weak sites of the junction. We conclude that AJs not only tie cells together but also generate c-lamellipodia by recruiting actin regulators, enabling epithelial cells to undergo ordered collective migration.
A bibliometric study of grey literature (2007-2019)
Authors: Mahala Avijit , Dwivedi Gayatri , Tripathi Manorama 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to spotlight the research output in the field of grey literature (GL) during the 13-year period between 2007 and 2019 as reflected in the Scopus database.

Design/methodology/approach
This study has used Scopus, an abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature, to collect data for the specified 13-year period. The sources, which had “grey literature” in their titles, were considered for the study and the period was from 2007 to 2019. The downloaded results were analysed using specific parameters. The SPSS and Excel have been used for analysing the retrieved data. The VOSviewer has been used for visualizing the network.

Findings
Scopus indexes different kinds of documents such as articles, books, chapters, conference papers, editorial, erratum, letters, notes, reviews and short surveys. There were 345 publications, which received 309 citations. GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings published the most number of articles. The majority 51.9 per cent of the articles were published in collaboration with authors from European countries. The term “grey literature” occurred most commonly as author keyword and index term.

Originality/value
The present study highlights how the area of GL has evolved during the 13-year period. The findings of the study pave the way for more detailed exploration of GL, which has relevance for the researchers.
Retrieval performance of Google, Yahoo and Bing for navigational queries in the field of “life science and biomedicine”
Authors: Gul Sumeer , Ali Sabha , Hussain Aabid 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the retrieval performance of three search engines, i.e. Google, Yahoo and Bing for navigational queries using two important retrieval measures, i.e. precision and relative recall in the field of life science and biomedicine.Design/methodology/approachTop three search engines namely Google, Yahoo and Bing were selected on the basis of their ranking as per Alexa, an analytical tool that provides ranking of global websites. Furthermore, the scope of study was confined to those search engines having interface in English. Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science was used for the extraction of navigational queries in the field of life science and biomedicine. Navigational queries (classified as one-word, two-word and three-word queries) were extracted from the keywords of the papers representing the top 100 contributing authors in the select field. Keywords were also checked for the duplication. Two important evaluation parameters, i.e. precision and relative recall were used to calculate the performance of search engines on the navigational queries.FindingsThe mean precision for Google scores high (2.30) followed by Yahoo (2.29) and Bing (1.68), while mean relative recall also scores high for Google (0.36) followed by Yahoo (0.33) and Bing (0.31) respectively.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is of great help to the researchers and academia in determining the retrieval efficiency of Google, Yahoo and Bing in terms of navigational query execution in the field of life science and biomedicine. The study can help users to focus on various search processes and the query structuring and its execution across the select search engines for achieving desired result list in a professional search environment. The study can also act as a ready reference source for exploring navigational queries and how these queries can be managed in the context of information retrieval process. It will also help to showcase the retrieval efficiency of various search engines on the basis of subject diversity (life science and biomedicine) highlighting the same in terms of query intention.Originality/valueThough many studies have been conducted highlighting the retrieval efficiency of search engines the current work is the first of its kind to study the retrieval effectiveness of Google, Yahoo and Bing on navigational queries in the field of life science and biomedicine. The study will help in understanding various methods and approaches to be adopted by the users for the navigational query execution across a professional search environment, i.e. “life science and biomedicine”
From likes to love: trust catalysing the digital romantic journey
Authors: Nayar Burna , Koul Surabhi 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The behavioural changes embraced by the current generation has prompted researchers to revisit the paradigm of human relationships, especially romantic liaisons. The present study revisits the construct of romantic relationships steered by social media platforms, through the dimensions of self-disclosure, social intimacy and trust. The role of trust as a mediator to determine the success of online dating is also explored in this study.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses the data collected from 225 respondents (86 females and 139 males) in the age group of 18 to 30 years. The respondents were asked to fill a questionnaire (provided they fulfilled the necessary conditions and expressed their consent to be a participant in this study).

Findings
The study validates that the extent of self-disclosure propels the degree of social intimacy. The results also confirm a significant partial mediation effect of trust on the relationship between social intimacy and the success of online dating. Thus, practitioners need to keep in mind that the probability of online dating success is higher when individuals disclose more and engage in an intimate relationship driven by trust.

Research limitations/implications
The study sample is restricted to young adults ranging from 18 to 30 years, based on the author’s convenience. The study was restricted to three most popular social media platforms in India where disclosure is limited to private timelines or messages. Another limitation of this study is that a multi-variate model of analysis could not be used due to the lack of parallel variables. Further studies can also compare online versus offline dating behaviour and determinants that influence the romantic relationship between two partners.

Practical implications
The new perspective could be to ascertain specific built-in mechanisms providers should develop to ensure that the new generation benefits from new technology rather than falling victim to its toxins.

Social implications
The study re-establishes the importance of the role of trust in any romantic relationship – may it be online or the more traditional, offline or face-to-face mode.

Originality/value
The study delves into the domain of existing romantic relationships established through the modernistic viewpoint of online social media platforms. The findings bring a fresh perspective on the dynamics of online romantic relationships through the mélange of self-disclosure, social intimacy and trust. Previous literature suggests that trust is dependent on self-disclosure, which is in contrast with the results of the current study. The present study corroborates that trust leads to the success of online dating.
Analysis of digital transformation of services in a research library
Authors: Indrák Michal , Pokorná Lenka 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The Moravian Library has noted a long-term decline in the total number of visitors and the number of books either lent or used for reference, a phenomenon, which is generally explained by the increased availability of digitised books and a wider selection of electronic services in general. This paper aims to examine whether this is indeed the case, comparing the usage of the physical and digital libraries. The study also examines whether all the elements of library usage change accordingly with the digital transformation of the library’s services, what are the actual implications of this trend for research libraries in general, determining an ideal model for such a library; it proposes possible solutions to the challenges digital transformation brings about. At the same time, the study attempts to answer the question whether the overall number of library users is actually decreasing or increasing and what impact digital transformation has on the reach of library services.

Design/methodology/approach
Comparative analysis of data with offline usage statistics on one hand and data obtained via backend logging and Google analytics on the other, and an evaluation of a questionnaire survey among digital library users.

Findings
The data analysis demonstrates that it is not only possible but also even desirable, to gradually replace traditional library services with a digital infrastructure without major complications.

Originality/value
The case study provides statistically substantiated examples of a successful partial digital transformation in a research library in the Czech Republic.
The duty of candour and the NHS agenda
Authors: Powell Martin 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore how the duty of candour got onto the agenda of the British National Health Service.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual approach is based on multiple streams approach, with the methodology being interpretive content analysis, which uses a deductive approach that focuses on both manifest and latent content.FindingsThe duty of candour got onto the NHS agenda as a result of the Mid Staffordshire inquiry report and the long-term “interest group” campaign associated with Robbie's Law. It is argued that the “focusing event” of the Mid Staffordshire Inquiry Report opened the “policy window”. It also highlights the importance of “policy entrepreneur” Sir Robert Francis whose “claim to a hearing”, “political connections” and “persistence” was vital.Research limitations/implicationsAnalysis was confined to published documents.Originality/valueIt highlights some of the factors that suggested why the duty of candour got onto the NHS agenda when it did.
Impact of implementing lean practices on firm performance: a study of Northern India SMEs
Authors: Saini Sachin , Singh Doordarshi 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impingement of lean manufacturing practices (LMPs) in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of Northern India and their relationship with firm performance. This paper makes an attempt to identify the lean practices, which are more beneficial and their impact on firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, a qualitative survey of 183 Northern India SMEs is collected and analysed using correlation, regression, canonical analysis and ANOVA test are conducted for developing relationships between them.

Findings
The outcome of this study indicates that the embracement of lean is necessary for their survival in this competitive spirit. Lean practices helped the SMEs to cope up with the persistent stress given by the spirited market. From the data investigation, it is revealed that total productive maintenance, supplier management, just-in-time and five S practices enhance the firm performance. Other practices such as plant management practices, operational and people practices found in a lesser extent than previous ones. From the correlation, it is revealed that lean practices have a strong relationship with firm performance. In one-way ANOVA test results indicating that the number of firms, which are less in the initial stage of lean implementation and much more impressive in a transition stage.

Research limitations/implications
The chosen approach for this research study was the cross-sectional one limited to the northern region of India and the investigated variables.

Practical implications
This study will help the stakeholders and manufacturers to enhance the performance of firms using LMPs, especially in a developing country. From these findings, practitioners and academicians would focus on vital issues related to firm enhancement apart from operational measures.

Originality/value
This study is one of the first attempts in which relation is developed between LMPs and firm performance and further data are investigated using canonical cross loadings and ANOVA analysis.
Hiring discrimination against transgender job applicants – considerations when designing a study
Authors: McFadden Ciarán 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis paper discusses the factors to consider when designing studies to measure hiring discrimination against transgender job applicants.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on academic literature related to hiring discrimination and transgender employment to build a detailed discussion of the numerous factors and issues inherent in hiring discrimination against transgender job applicants. By isolating and describing a number of relevant considerations, the paper aims to act as a guide for future studies to build upon.FindingsThree types of hiring discrimination studies are discussed: correspondence tests, in-person experiments and student cohort experiments. Three main categories of factors relevant to an experiment’s design are then discussed: the legal context, industry/role factors and transgender population-specific factors. A flow-chart detailing the research design decision-making process is provided.Research limitations/implicationsThe discussion within this paper will act as a reference and a guide for researchers seeking to address the dearth of empirical studies in the literature. The list is not exhaustive; while a number of factors relevant to transgender-specific studies are identified, there may be more that could affect an experiment's design.Originality/valueHiring discrimination against transgender people has been recorded in many surveys, but there is little empirical measurement of this discrimination. To the author's knowledge, this paper is the first to examine the experimental design decisions related to transgender hiring discrimination. In doing so, it provides contributions for two primary audiences: those researching transgender employment issues but who have never conducted a study measuring hiring discrimination; and those who have previously conducted studies on hiring discrimination, but have not done so with reference to transgender job applicants.
Effects of Green HRM and CEO ethical leadership on organizations' environmental performance
Authors: Ren Shuang , Tang Guiyao , Jackson Susan E. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis study proposes and tests a model grounded in resource-based theory to describe how the formal rules embedded in an organization's green human resource management (GHRM) combine with informal cues communicated by members of the firm's upper echelon, including the CEO and members of the top management team (TMT), to affect a firm's environmental performance.Design/methodology/approachMulti-source data were collected from 240 human resource managers, chief financial officers and CEOs in 80 firms.FindingsThe results show that CEO ethical leadership moderates the positive relationship between GHRM and TMT green commitment, which in turn mediates the relationship between GHRM and firms' environmental performance.Originality/valueThe tested importance of CEO ethical leadership as an organizational condition that amplifies the effectiveness of strategically aligned HRM systems offers new theoretical insights to advance HRM scholarship.