bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Multidrug Resistant Hypervirulent ST23 Klebsiella pneumoniae: Multidrug Resistant Plasmid Acquisition Drives Evolution
Authors: Shankar Chaitra , Jacob Jobin John , Vasudevan Karthick , Biswas Rohit , Manesh Abi , Sethuvel Dhiviya Prabaa Muthuirulandi , Varughese Santosh , Biswas Indranil , Veeraraghavan Balaji 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundIn recent years, the emergence of multidrug resistant hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (MDR hvKp) isolates poses severe therapeutic challenge to global public health. The present study used the complete genome sequence of two MDR hvKp isolates belonging to ST23 to characterize the phylogenetic background and plasmid diversity.MethodsTwo hvKp isolates from patients with bacteremia were sequenced using Ion Torrent PGM and Oxford Nanopore MinION platforms and assembled by hybrid genome assembly approach. Comparative genomics approaches were used to investigate the population structure, evolution, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of MDR hvKp strains.ResultsThe study isolates exhibited typical features of hvKp phenotypes associated with ST23. The convergence of multidrug resistance and hypervirulence were attributed by the presence of multiple plasmids including a 216 kb virulence plasmid and MDR plasmids belonging to IncA/C2, IncFIB, IncX3, and ColKP3 groups. The insertion of catA1 gene into virulence plasmid was observed along with genetic factors such as aerobactin, salmochelin, and rmpA2 that confer hvKp’s hypervirulent phenotype. The core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phylogenetic analyses of the isolates showed the evolution of ST23 hvKp was predominantly driven by ICEKp acquisitions.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MDR hvKp isolates of ST23 with insertion of catA1 gene into the virulence plasmid which presents the possibility of hotspot integration sites on the plasmids to aid acquisition of AMR genes. ST23 is no longer confined to susceptible strains of hvKp. Our findings emphasize the need for more studies on recombinant events, plasmid transmission dynamics and evolutionary process involving hvKp.
Vascular Smooth Muscle FTO Promotes Aortic Dissecting Aneurysms via m6A Modification of Klf5
Authors: Ma Dong , Liu Xiao , Zhang Jin-jin , Zhao Jun-jian , Xiong Yan-jie , Chang Quan , Wang Hong-yan , Su Peng , Meng Jia , Zhao Yong-bo 
Published: November 2020

Background: Aortic dissecting aneurysm (ADA) represents an aortic remodeling disease with a high mortality rate. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) exerts RNA demethylation function to regulate gene expression related to stem cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, and tumorigenesis, but the role of FTO in ADA is still unclear.Methods: The expression and location of FTO in 43 ADA tissues and 11 normal tissues were determined by RT-qPCR, WB, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining. Detecting proliferation and migration of VSMCs. M6A methylated RNA immuno-precipitation qRT-PCR and dual luciferase reporter assay were performed for determining m6A level and interaction between m6A modulation and Klf5 mRNA, respectively.Results: FTO are highly expressed in VSMCs. FTO was positively correlated with BMI, triglyceride, and D-dimer (all P &lt; 0.05). Functionally, both AngII-induced FTO expression and over expression of FTO promote cell proliferation and migration, whereas knockdown of FTO inhibits these functions. Mechanically, we identified Krüppel-like factor 5 (Klf5) as a target of FTO mediating m6A modification. Overexpression of FTO reduced m6A modification on Klf5 mRNA and promoted Klf5 mRNA expression. Furthermore, the p-GSK3β and Klf5 levels increased after FTO overexpression. Finally, knockdown of FTO suppresses the p-GSK3β levels and Klf5 expression regardless of AngII treatment.Conclusions: Our study revealed that FTO expression significantly contributes to the phenotype conversion of VSMCs and the ADA by the demethylation function (m6A), thereby providing a novel therapeutic target.
New Macroseismic and Morphotectonic Constraints to Infer a Fault Model for the 9 (Mw6.1) and 11 January (Mw7.3) 1693 Earthquakes (Southeastern Sicily)
Authors: Pirrotta C. , Barbano M. S. 
Published: November 2020

This study deals with the earthquakes which occurred in southeastern Sicily in 1693 (January 9 and 11, Mw ≈ 6.1 and 7.3, respectively). Although they have been largely studied, robust and commonly accepted seismic sources are still missing. We performed a revision of the 1693 macroseismic data and, for the fore and main-shocks, modeled new NNE-SSW trending seismic sources. In the Hyblean Plateau area, we carried out an analysis of DEM and aerial photos to map tectonic features. Then, we performed field surveys on the main faults, and a morphotectonic study with the aim of characterizing the activity of mapped faults. The study revealed the presence of three main fault systems. The first is the Palazzolo-Villasmundo Fault System, composed of NNE-SSW and NE-SW trending north-west-dipping normal faults. Some of these faults could be reactivated as reverse faults. The second is the Augusta-Floridia Fault System, made of NNW-SSE and NW-SE normal faults. The third is composed of faults which have never been mapped before: the Canicattini-Villasmundo Fault System that shows both a segmented and stepping pattern, almost N-S trending and west-dipping normal faults; some of these faults show a left-lateral movement. The morphotectonic study demonstrated that the fault systems are active. Furthermore, both strike and kinematics of the studied faults well match with the regional stress field characterized by a NW-SE σ1, which in the study area is probably both affecting some pre-existing faults, the Palazzolo-Villasmundo and the Augusta-Floridia Fault Systems, and causing the formation of new faults, the Canicattini-Villasmundo Fault System. The latter system lies across the Hyblean Plateau with a total length of 35 km and, due to its aligned segmented pattern, it can be the surface expression of a master fault that seems dividing the Hyblean Plateau in two blocks. Moreover, the Canicattini-Villasmundo Fault System well fits the southern part of the 1693 revaluated seismic sources and matches with a current alignment of shocks mainly characterized by left-lateral focal mechanisms on almost N-S fault planes. Considering the possible rupture length in depth, it could manage to release Mw ≈ 7.1 earthquakes, representing a valuable candidate source for the 1693 earthquakes.
Integrated Analysis of m6A Methylome in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury and Berberine Alleviation in Mouse
Authors: Shen Jianxiao , Wang Wanpeng , Shao Xinghua , Wu Jingkui , Li Shu , Che Xiajing , Ni Zhaohui 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modification known in mRNAs. It participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as metabolism, inflammation, and apoptosis.AimsTo explore the mechanism of m6A in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and berberine alleviation in mouse.MethodsThis study investigated the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylome of kidneys from three mouse groups: C57 mice (controls), those with CI-AKI (injury group, IG), and those pretreated with berberine (treatment group, TG). Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Next Generation Sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA-seq were performed to identify the differences between the injury group and the control group (IvC) and between the treatment group and the injury group (TvI). Western blotting was performed to identify the protein levels of candidate genes.ResultsIn IvC, differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were enriched in metabolic processes and cell death. In TvI, DMGs were enriched in tissue development. Several genes involved in important pathways related to CI-AKI showed opposite methylation and expression trends in the IvC and TvI comparisons.Conclusionm6A plays an important role in cisplatin induced AKI and berberine may alleviate this process.
Mapping the Progressive Treatment-Related Reduction of Active MRI Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Giorgio Antonio , Battaglini Marco , Gentile Giordano , Stromillo Maria Laura , Gasperini Claudio , Visconti Andrea , Paolillo Andrea , De Stefano Nicola 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To assess treatment-related spatio-temporal dynamics of active MRI lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients.Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of MRI data acquired at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16, in RRMS patients from the multicenter randomized IMPROVE study, which compares patients treated with 44 mcg subcutaneous interferon β-1a three times weekly (n = 120) versus placebo (n = 60). We created lesion probability maps (LPMs) of the cumulative combined unique active (CUA) lesions in each patient group at each time point. Group differences were tested in terms of lesion spatial distribution and frequency of occurrence.Results: Spatial distribution of CUA lesions throughout the study was less widespread in the treated than placebo group, with a 50% lower lesion accrual (24 vs. 48 cm3/month). Similar results were obtained with the WM tract analysis, with a reduction ranging from −47 to −66% in the treated group (p &lt; 0.001). On voxel-wise analysis, CUA lesion frequency was lower in the treated group than the placebo group at week 4 (p = 0.07, corrected), becoming particularly pronounced (p ≤ 0.03, corrected) from week 8 onwards in large clusters of WM tracts, with peaks along fronto-parietal parts of the corticospinal tract, thalamic radiation, and superior longitudinal fascicle.Conclusion: LPM showed, in the short term, a treatment-related reduction of MRI lesion activity in RRMS patients in specific, clinically relevant brain locations. Such a quantitative approach might be a promising additional endpoint in future MS studies alongside the number and volume of WM lesions.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00441103.
Clinical and Neuroimaging Characteristics of Pediatric Acute Disseminating Encephalomyelitis With and Without Antibodies to Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
Authors: Zhang Min , Shen Jin , Zhou Shuizhen , Du Xiaonan , Li Wenhui , Yu Lifei , Zhang Yunjian , Wang Yi , Zhang Linmei 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To compare the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-ab) negative and positive pediatric acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) patients.Methods: Clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, ancillary examination results, and outcomes of pediatric ADEM patients were retrospectively reviewed between February 2016 and July 2019.Results: Among 37 pediatric ADEM patients, 24 patients (11 girls and 13 boys) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median age was 72 (range 19–156) months, and the median follow-up duration was 20 (range 12–48) months. Children with ADEM and MOG-abs presented with increased ataxia, reduced bladder/rectum dysfunction, and paralysis compared to children without MOG-abs. An important finding was that no significant differences existed in age at symptom onset, sex ratio, time from immunotherapy to clinical improvement and clinical recovery, or modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at the last follow-up. More typical cerebral MRI lesions were detected in patients with ADEM and MOG-abs than in children without MOG-abs [11/12 (91.7%) vs. 8/12 (66.7%)]. Cerebellar lesions were higher in ADEM patients with MOG-abs (7/12, 58.3%) than in those without MOG-abs (2/12, 16.7%). While seven children had abnormal spinal MRI findings (7/12, 58.3%) and five had longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) (5/12, 41.7%) per group, the coexistence of spinal dysfunction and abnormal spinal MRI was lower in ADEM with MOG-abs (2/12, 16.7%) than in children without MOG-abs (7/12, 58.3%). Clinical improvement was achieved 1 week after immunotherapy. Most children in both groups achieved clinical recovery within 3 months after immunotherapy, although two (16.7%) patients with ADEM and MOG-abs had persistent neurological sequelae at the last follow-up.Conclusion: MOG-abs-positive ADEM is a major subtype of pediatric ADEM. Ataxia is the most common clinical presentation in pediatric ADEM and MOG-abs. Children with ADEM and MOG-abs have similar patterns of lesions characterized by large, bilateral, widespread lesions, as well as more cerebellar lesions than children without MOG-abs. Most spinal lesions were subclinical in pediatric ADEM with MOG-abs. A favorable prognosis can be achieved for pediatric ADEM regardless of the MOG-abs status. However, some patients with MOG-abs are likely to have more severe neurological sequelae.
Prevalence of Cytopenia in the General Population—A National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis
Authors: Alpert Naomi , Rapp Joseph L. , Mascarenhas John , Scigliano Eileen , Tremblay Douglas , Marcellino Bridget K. , Taioli Emanuela 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundCytopenia, a reduced count of blood cells manifesting as anemia, neutropenia, and/or thrombocytopenia is frequently associated with other medical conditions. However, a cytopenia may not be accompanied by a known determinant and in some of these cases, may be a precursor to pre-malignancies or hematologic cancers. Little is known about the prevalence of these unexplained cytopenias and their distribution in the population.Materials and MethodsThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2002 was used to identify those with a cytopenia in the general population. Those without an identifiable determinant in the NHANES were classified as having unexplained cytopenia. Weighted frequencies were examined to assess the prevalence of unexplained cytopenia in the population. Distribution of blood counts comparing those with unexplained cytopenia to the general population was examined. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between unexplained cytopenia and demographic factors.ResultsOf the 7,962 people in the sample, 236 (2.0%) had any cytopenia and 86 (0.9%) had an unexplained cytopenia. Approximately 43% of all cytopenias were not accompanied by a clinical determinant. Unexplained cytopenia was more common in men (1.1%) than in women (0.7%) and in Non-Hispanic Black participants (3.4%). Among those with an unexplained cytopenia, the majority (74.8%) manifested as neutropenia. Compared to those with no cytopenia, those with unexplained cytopenia were significantly less likely to be female, have body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and work in the service industry, and were significantly more likely to be non-Hispanic Black.ConclusionsThis is the first study to examine the prevalence of unexplained cytopenia in a nationally representative sample and may serve as a baseline for comparison with other populations. Future research to identify risk factors for development of malignant hematological disorders among those with unexplained cytopenia is warranted.
Medical Students Immersed in a Hyper-Realistic Surgical Training Environment Leads to Improved Measures of Emotional Resiliency by Both Hardiness and Emotional Intelligence Evaluation
Authors: White Allana , Zapata Isain , Lenz Alissa , Ryznar Rebecca , Nevins Natalie , Hoang Tuan N. , Franciose Reginald , Safaoui Marian , Clegg David , LaPorta Anthony J. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundBurnout is being experienced by medical students, residents, and practicing physicians at significant rates. Higher levels of Hardiness and Emotional Intelligence may protect individuals against burnout symptoms. Previous studies have shown both Hardiness and Emotional IntelIigence protect against detrimental effects of stress and can be adapted through training; however, there is limited research on how training programs affect both simultaneously. Therefore, the objective of this study was to define the association of Hardiness and Emotional Intelligence and their potential improvement through hyper realistic immersion simulation training in military medical students.MethodsParticipants in this study consisted of 68 second year medical students representing five medical schools who were concurrently enrolled in the United States military scholarship program. During a six day hyper-realistic surgical simulation training course, students rotated through different roles of a medical team and responded to several mass-casualty scenarios. Hardiness and Emotional Intelligence were assessed using the Hardiness Resilience Gauge (HRG) and the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I 2.0) respectively, at two time points: on arrival (pre-event) and after completion of the course (post-event).ResultsHardiness and Emotional Intelligence scores and sub scores consistently improved from pre-event to post-event assessments. No difference in training benefit was observed between genders but differences were observed by age where age was more often associated with Emotional Intelligence. In addition, factor analysis indicated that the HRG and EQ-I 2.0 assessment tools measured predominately different traits although they share some commonalities in some components.ConclusionThis study indicates that Hardiness and Emotional Intelligence scores can be improved through immersion training in military medical students. Results from this study support the use of training course interventions and prompt the need for long term evaluation of improvement strategies on mitigating burnout symptoms.
Loneliness and Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk Factors and Associations With Psychopathology
Authors: Hoffart Asle , Johnson Sverre Urnes , Ebrahimi Omid V. 
Published: November 2020

Background: The mitigation strategies employed against the COVID-19 pandemic have severe mental health consequences. In particular, as a result of the social distancing protocols, loneliness is likely to increase. This study investigates (a) potential risk and resilience factors for loneliness in the Norwegian population during the strict social distancing non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) implemented against the pandemic and (b) the associations between loneliness and psychopathology symptoms.Methods: A survey was disseminated online to the adult Norwegian population when strict social distancing measures had been implemented for 2 weeks. The resulting sample of 10,061 respondents was unproportionate in terms of gender and educational level and thus sensitivity analyses were conducted. The levels of loneliness were compared across demographic sub-groups, and regression analyses were conducted to identify potential risk and resilience factors for loneliness and associations between loneliness and psychopathology symptoms.Results: Among the stable factors, being single and having a psychiatric diagnosis were related to more loneliness with small effect sizes. Among the state risk factors, more rumination and worry in general were associated with stronger loneliness, showing a medium effect size. Among the coping behaviors examined, doing new things at home not done otherwise was negatively related to loneliness, with a small effect size. Loneliness was associated with both depression and anxiety with small effect sizes when all potential confounders and psychiatric diagnosis were controlled for. The relationship to depression was more marked than the relationship to anxiety.Conclusions: The findings suggest that singles and those with a psychiatric diagnosis were most affected by loneliness during the implementation of social distancing measures to impede the coronavirus. The results support the link between loneliness and depression and anxiety symptoms. The results of the analysis of potential risk and resilience factors point to intervention targets for reducing loneliness during pandemic crises.
Canonical Correlation Analysis on the Association Between Sleep Quality and Nutritional Status Among Centenarians in Hainan
Authors: Liu Guangdong , Yang Shanshan , Liu Wei , Wang Shengshu , Tai Penggang , Kou Fuyin , Jia Wangping , Han Ke , Liu Miao , He Yao 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To analyze the correlation between nutritional status and sleep quality among centenarians.Methods: A total of 1,002 centenarians in Hainan were included in the full sample survey. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) was used for nutritional risk assessment and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (PSQI) was used for evaluating sleep quality. Canonical correlation analysis was conducted to analyze their correlation.Results: Two statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) canonical coefficients were found, with the first canonical correlation coefficient having a value of 0.247, eigenvalue of 0.065, and contribution rate of 89.0%. The linear combination of nutrition variable V1, mainly determined by MNA1 (appetite loss), MNA5 (dementia/depression), and MNA2 (weight loss), indicates an association with sleep quality; the linear combination of sleep quality W1, mainly determined by PSQI1 (subjective sleep quality), PSQI7 (daytime dysfunction), and PSQI2 (sleep latency), indicates an association with nutritional status. Appetite loss, dementia/depression, and weight loss have negative correlations with subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction.Conclusion: Among centenarians, the relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality is bidirectional. Furthermore, appetite loss, dementia/depression, weight loss, subjective sleep quality, and daytime dysfunction are the main relevant factors.
ANALISIS AKTOR POPULAR DAN SUTRADARA BERPENGARUH BERDASARKAN DATA DBPEDIA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA CLOSENESS CENTRALITY DAN NODE2VEC
Authors: Mufidah Karima , Syahputra Novyant , Rakhmawati Nur Aini 
Published: November 2020

Perkembangan teknologi web yang semakin pesat membuat manusia semakin mudah dalam mengakses berbagai informasi. Generasi ketiga dari layanan internet berbasis web (Web 3.0) telah memperkenalkan Semantic Web yang bertujuan untuk memungkinakan konten pada web agar dapat dipahami oleh komputer. Penerapan Semantic Web dapat dilakukan untuk mengambil dataset dari DBpedia Indonesia, yaitu daftar film Indonesia, untuk selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data. Tujuan analisis data adalah untuk mengetahui aktor dan sutradara terpopuler dalam industri perfilman Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma closeness centrality dan Node2vec untuk menentukan tingkat popularitas aktor. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan density graph untuk mengetahui sutradara yang berpengaruh di industri perfilman Indonesia. Hasil dari perhitungan algoritma tersebut divisualisasikan menggunakan Neo4j, Networkx dan tSNE yang mana berupa graf. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Rima Melati merupakan aktor terpopuler karena nilai closeness centralitynya tertinggi. Hal ini juga dapat diartikan bahwa Rima Melati merupakan aktor yang membintangi judul film terbanyak. Sedangkan pada perhitungan density graph, Sophan Sophiaan merupakan sutradara yang paling berpengaruh karena menyutradarai paling banyak judul film.
Kata Kunci: closeness centrality, dbpedia, density graph, networkx, node2vec