bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
fNIRS Outcomes for a Pilot Clinical Trial Combining Frontal tDCS With Walking Rehabilitation in Older Adults
Authors: Clark David , Chatterjee Sudeshna , Skinner Jared , Lysne Paige , Wu Samuel , Cohen Ronald , Rose Dorian , Woods Adam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This pilot study assessed a novel intervention to enhance both walking and executive function in older adults. The primary hypothesis was that eighteen sessions of frontal lobe tDCS combined with walking rehabilitation would be feasible, safe, and show preliminary efficacy. Eighteen participants were randomized to one of three intervention groups: active tDCS and rehabilitation with complex walking tasks (Active/Complex); sham tDCS and rehabilitation with complex walking tasks (Sham/Complex); or sham tDCS and rehabilitation with typical walking (Sham/Typical). Outcome measures included multiple tests of walking function, executive function, and prefrontal activity during walking as measured by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Of the three groups, the Active/Complex group demonstrated the broadest improvements across outcome measures including for prefrontal activity. The functional range of prefrontal activity in this group was increased considerably, as conceptualized by the Compensation Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis. Frontal tDCS is a promising adjuvant to walking rehabilitation.
Source of Purchased Medications and Its Impact on Medication Mistakes and Hospitalizations: The NHATS 2017
Authors: Coates Martha , Granche Janeway , DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Older adults self-administer prescribed medication regimens to treat chronic diseases which can lead to mismanagement, medication related harm and hospitalizations. We examined the extent to which source of purchased medications influenced the occurrence of self-reported medication mistakes and hospitalizations in community-dwelling participants who managed medications independently (N= 3899). The majority (65%) picked-up medications, 18% had medications delivered, and 17% used both (picked-up and delivery). Compared to those picking up their medications, those using delivery only were less likely to have a hospital stay (OR=0.691 [95% CI 0.507-0.943]) and no difference in odds of medication mistakes (OR=1.051 [95% CI 0.764-1.445]), while those using both methods were more likely to report hospital stays (OR=1.429 [95% CI 1.106-1.846]) and medication mistakes (OR = 1.576[95% CI 1.078-2.304]). Older adults who picked-up medications from a local pharmacy and had medications delivered were more likely to report medication mistakes and hospitalizations.
Self-Reported Energy Trajectories Predict Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Sprague Briana , Zhu Xiaonan , Ehrenkranz Rebecca , Tian Qu , Gmelin Theresa , Glynn Nancy , Rosso Andrea , Rosano Caterina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Declining energy may indicate homeostatic dysregulation and predict adverse health outcomes. We hypothesized that declining energy would predict greater frailty (1-10), greater mortality, and faster mood (CES-D) and cognition (3MS) decline over time. This observational cohort studies included 2,443 older adults (mean age=74.6, 62.5% White, 47.8% men) from the Health ABC Study with up to eight years of data. Energy was assessed using a single-item question about prior month’s energy (baseline mean=6.7, SD=1.7, range=0–10, lower=less energy). We used linear mixed models to create energy change scores (mean=-.07 points/year, SD=.05, range=-0.32-0.21, negative=decreased energy). In regression models adjusting for baseline outcome performance and energy and demographics, declining energy predicted greater frailty (β=-2.72, 95%CI = -3.39,-2.06), greater mortality (hazard ratio=.07, p&lt;.001), and faster CES-D (β=-.93, 95%CI=-1.10,-0.75) but not 3MS decline. Energy changes are easy to assess and predict clinically-relevant outcomes. Future work should consider mechanisms of declining energy on disability-related outcomes. Part of a symposium sponsored by Brain Interest Group.
Scaling Geriatric and Telemedicine Care for Older Adults in Rural Areas Through Clinical Strategies and Training
Authors: Hung William , Powers Becky , Dang Stuti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Telemedicine, the use of electronic information and communication technologies to deliver care, has grown substantially over the past few years, potentially benefiting older adults who have difficulty accessing and traveling to care locations. Given that providers and interprofessional staff with training in geriatric medicine often practice in urban rather than rural areas, older adults’ access to quality geriatric care is limited. Prior experiences with telemedicine adoption for geriatric team consultation, though limited in scope, were well accepted by older adults and demonstrated benefits such as identifying and meeting care needs for older adults. Bringing geriatric team care to large regions across the country requires further consideration of population needs, local contexts and training and enhancement of an interprofessional workforce to deliver geriatric care through telemedicine. The Veteran healthcare system has been a pioneer in telemedicine care and considers the use of telemedicine necessary for all providers in its system. This symposium aims to discuss approaches to identify and target older adults who may benefit from geriatric consultation, how care delivery is scaled through identifying common approaches and local adaptations, what the important elements are for providers and teams to deliver care effectively for the older adult population, especially those with multiple complex chronic conditions and functional limitations, and considerations for training the next generation of providers to provide care for older adults with complex conditions, particularly in rural areas with limited access.
Addressing Sensory Impairment in the ICU: Critically Important for Improving Outcomes
Authors: Ferrante Lauren 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Millions of older adults are admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) every year. Many of these patients have preexisting impairment in hearing or vision, but sensory impairment is rarely addressed in the ICU. This talk will present recent work evaluating the association of sensory impairment with functional outcomes among older ICU patients, and discuss barriers to and potential strategies for addressing sensory impairment in the ICU.
A Smartwatch-Based Framework for Real-Time and Online Assessment and Mobility Monitoring
Authors: Karnati Yashaswi , Reddy Rohith Reddy Kessi , Thakkar Aseem , McConnell Matthew , Mendoza Tonatiuh , Mardini Mamoun , Manini Todd , Ranka Sanjay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pervasive computing is changing the monitoring landscape for patients to communicate their healthcare information in real-time to clinicians and researchers. We developed a framework based on a smartwatch application allowing researchers to execute a study that is customized to their needs. The application is configured to collect patient generated data in remote settings from both sensor-based (location and movement) and user-reported health factors through the visual display. For example, data are used to investigate concurrent symptoms and mobility patterns in free-living conditions. To support the collection and analysis of this data in a robust and scalable fashion, we have developed an event driven, serverless computing platform using Amazon cloud services. This system also allows multiple campaigns to run concurrently each under the auspices of a different researcher. The framework is ideal for harnessing and scaling the utilization of smart wearable devices in research and clinical settings.
SmartPrompt Reminder Application Improves Everyday Task Completion and Reduces Inefficient Behaviors
Authors: Katherine Hackett , Lehman Sarah , Drivers Ross , Ambrogi Matthew , Gomes Likhon , Tan Chiu , Giovannetti Tania 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The SmartPrompt phone-based reminder application was designed according to neuropsychological theory and pilot testing to facilitate everyday functioning. A laboratory-based pilot of ten participants with MCI and mild dementia showed significantly greater task completion with significantly fewer checking behaviors when using the SmartPrompt versus a control condition. Younger individuals and those who engaged in more checking behaviors completed more tasks in the control condition, but these relations were not significant when using the SmartPrompt. After 15 minutes of training, caregivers achieved near perfect scores on a SmartPrompt configuration quiz. Participant and caregiver usability ratings were strong, even though participants reported relatively low computer proficiency and neutral/unfavorable attitudes towards technology. Piloting informed modifications of the SmartPrompt to enhance personalization (e.g., customized alarms/rewards) and improved human-computer-interaction for in-home testing. Preliminary in-home test data on individually-owned smartphones and conclusions regarding barriers and facilitators to the effectiveness of the modified SmartPrompt will be discussed.
Prevalence of Multiple Sensory Deficits in Older Adults in BLSA and ARIC Studies
Authors: Armstrong Nicole , Deal Jennifer , Wang Hang , Schrack Jennifer , Tian Qu , Simonsick Eleanor , Agrawal Yuri , Lin Frank 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individual sensory deficits have been associated with adverse outcomes, including dementia, in older adults. Using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) (N=259) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) (N=962), we examined the prevalence of one, two, or three sensory deficits (hearing, vision, and olfaction) among older adults ≥70 years. Any hearing loss was the most prevalent sensory deficit (70-79 year-olds: 41.3% [BLSA] and 51.2% [ARIC]; ≥80 year-olds: 82.6% [BLSA] and 74.2% [ARIC]), followed by vision loss and olfactory loss. Hearing and vision impairments were more prevalent than hearing and olfactory losses as well as vision and olfactory losses in both age groups and studies There were few people with deficits in all three senses (70-79 year-olds: 3.3% [BLSA] and 2.0% [ARIC]; ≥80 year-olds: 5.8% [BLSA] and 7.4% [ARIC]). Further research should investigate the potential impact of multisensory impairments on older adults.
Vaccination to Promote Healthy Aging: The Five Ws
Authors: Friedland Leonard , Friedland Leonard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This symposium addresses the role of vaccination to promote healthy aging and the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age. Adults age 65 and over are at increased risk of certain infectious diseases due to immunosenescence. Therefore, immunization of older adults against targeted infectious diseases, including pertussis, shingles, influenza, and pneumococcal disease, can help to reduce morbidity and premature mortality. Vaccines in development to protect against additional infectious diseases causing significant morbidity and mortality in older adults, such as respiratory syncytial virus, can further promote healthy aging. The population of older adults in the US is projected to grow significantly over the next 30 years, with a corresponding increase in the incidence and economic costs of vaccine-preventable diseases. Immunization of older adults is a proven, cost-effective strategy that is critical for reducing the public health impact and societal costs in an aging US population. Implementation of evidence-based recommended vaccines for older adults presents challenges, including financial barriers, addressing disparities and inequities in health care delivery for older adults, and overcoming vaccine hesitancy. We plan to review these topics and present data we have generated to support the value of vaccination in adults age 65 and over. Health Behavior Change Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Updates on Vision From the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Adelson Jaimie , Briant Paul , Flaxman Seth , Taylor Hugh , Resnikoff Serge , Reinig Nikolas , Bourne Rupert , Vos Theo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Global Burden of Disease study estimates the prevalence of vision loss by WHO severity group, and the distribution of vision loss due to underlying causes such as cataract, glaucoma, and uncorrected refractive error. Data sources include national and local surveys, and scientific literature, with over 500 sources in 113 countries. Cause-specific prevalence estimates were proportionally fit into estimates of total vision loss by severity. Globally, 821.9 million (95% UI=682.2–970.4) people experienced moderate or worse distance vision loss or near vision loss in 2019 (age-standardized prevalence = 0.10, UI=0.08–0.12). Of these, 41.9 million (UI=36.4–46.8) were blind. The majority of Years Lived with Disability due to vision loss occurred in people with cataract and uncorrected refractive error. Vision loss numbers will continue to increase due to aging populations. Main causes of vision loss are correctable and, therefore, should be major targets of interventions.
Is Working Longer the Solution to an Aging Society?
Authors: Moen Phyllis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Population aging, together with increases in life expectancy, women’s employment, dual-earner households, and unraveling safety nets, are transforming the demography of work and retirement in the later life course. A seemingly obvious policy solution is to encourage Boomers and those following to work longer, postponing retirementt. And yet there is insufficient understanding of factors that predict ongoing older adult participation in paid work. The simple work/retirement dichotomy no longer fits the experience of growing numbers of Americans. Drawing on census data, I show six such pathways differing by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Needed is policy development recognizing the new realities of different and unequal pathways. The challenge is recognizing disparities in capacities and constraints among our aging population, along with the need to change the way we work, opening up flexible options in order to enable working longer.
Does Nursing Home Residents’ Right to Self-Determination Improve Their Quality of Life in South Korea?
Authors: Lee Minhong , Kim Kyeongmo , An Sok 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Addressing issues of quality of life of nursing home residents based on the human rights-based approach has been a top priority in the long-term care system in Korea but no study has yet examined the relationship between self-determination of nursing home residents and their quality of life. This study aimed to examine whether greater levels of self-determination in the provision of daily care were associated with higher levels of quality of life of the residents. Methods: We collected data from 332 residents (+65) at 20 nursing homes in a metropolitan city. We measured residents’ right to self-determination using the autonomy scale of the Client-centered Care Questionnaire. We also included quality of life, socio-economic characteristics, ADLs, depressive symptoms, and social networks. We ran multiple regression analysis using SPSS 26.0. Results: The findings of this study revealed that greater levels of residents’ right to self-determination were associated with higher levels of quality of life (β =-.425, p &lt;.0001). Older residents who were higher levels of depressive symptoms were likely to have lower levels of quality of life (β = -.265, p &lt; .001). Conclusions and Implications: This study adds to the growing literature on the ways nursing home residents’ self-determination contributes to their quality of life. More opportunities for self-determination in their treatment should be given to promote recovery and to encourage participation in the decision-making process. Nursing practitioners and policymakers in Korea should develop programs and/or services that enhance residents’ self-determination to improve their quality of life.
GSA COVID-19 Task Force: Supporting Transitions to Online Teaching
Authors: Montepare Joann , Howe Judith 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
GSA COVID-19 Task Force members collaborated with AGHE to develop multiple teaching briefs and biblio briefs on various topics to support faculty who had to adjust to online teaching quickly. Task Force members will review those documents, as well as the AGHE listening session to identify where educators and students need additional support.
Development of Scales for Generative Concern and Generative Acts Among Older Singaporeans
Authors: Malhotra Rahul , Maulod Ad , Lee June May Ling , Cheng Grand Hak-Land , Lu Si Yinn , Thang Leng Leng , Chan Angelique W M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Generativity (concern in establishing and guiding the next generation) at older ages is increasingly relevant with population ageing and realization of older people as a resource for younger generations. Generativity encompasses two aspects, concern (attitudes/motivations for generativity) and acts (activities to enact/achieve generativity). Existing scales for generative concern and acts pertain to Western populations, limiting their valid measurement in Asian populations. We conducted 12 focus group discussions with 103 older adults in Singapore, to inform a conceptual model of generativity. A striking finding was the family-centric focus of generativity. It led to the development of content-validated scales for generative concern (38-items; e.g. I am concerned that younger people are too pampered) and generative acts (56-items; e.g. In past 3 months, how many times did you teach younger people right from wrong), in English, Mandarin, Malay and Tamil. Future work will establish their structural, convergent/divergent and predictive validity, and reliability.
Evaluation of an early implementation of the revised Opening Minds Through Art Program
Authors: Kelly Christopher , Holley Lyn , Fogle Stephen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The established international program Opening Minds through Art (OMA) has been revised; this presentation reports evaluation of an early implementation with Gerontology university students and Alzheimer’s nursing home patients. Ten patients were paired with student volunteers meeting once a week for eight weeks to co-create original artwork in structured one-hour sessions. Before and after art creation each volunteer recorded personal feelings and their partner’s mood and satisfaction. Findings indicate the revised program is satisfying for patients and improves their mood. Families seeing the art expressed surprise and appreciation regarding patient creative capacity. Analysis of data indicates positive outcomes for student volunteers and Alzheimer’s patients. Student volunteer reflections link program participation with expanded knowledge, insight, and especially empathy for Alzheimer’s patients and their families. The current study contributes to robust support in the literature for efficacy of arts programming for student learning and the morale of Alzheimer’s patients and their families.
It’s Late, But Everything Comes Next: Creative Aging in the Modern United States
Authors: Gleason Shayna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The emergence of “creative aging” programs, or fine arts programs exclusively for older adults, invites analysis of these new institutions and their influence on the social elements of the aging process. While past studies have demonstrated the cognitive and health-related benefits of arts participation in old age, little research has examined how participation might influence the older person’s self-esteem or perceptions of aging. The present study draws on ethnographic methods including participant observation at eight creative aging programs, six semi-structured in-depth interviews with teaching artists leading these programs, and content analysis of paintings and vignettes made by participants. The results show the observed creative aging programs to have a unique, cyclical pattern of discourse characterized alternately by older adults’ recurring self-deprecation and the affirming responses of instructors. This pattern of interaction renders such programs sites for the contestation of negative popular discourses around aging.
Pharmacological Interventions That Target Biological Aging
Authors: Kaeberlein Matt 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There is a high level of interest in drugs that may delay or even reverse the functional declines and disease risks that accompany biological aging. Several interventions have been shown to improve age-related outcomes and increase lifespan in laboratory animals by targeting the hallmarks of aging. A number of these small molecules are being clinically evaluated for age-related indications, including mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin, the anti-diabetic drug metformin, and senescent-cell clearing senolytics. Others are being marketed to consumers outside of the federal regulatory process as “anti-aging” natural products with little information about safety or efficacy. Here I will provide an overview of the current state of “anti-aging drugs” with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action and evaluation of the existing pre-clinical and clinical data.
Immigrant Older Adults: Is Diversity a Challenge for a Global Initiative?
Authors: Toyokawa Noriko , Lou Vivian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although the global community has discussed needs for establishing international standards of health care for immigrant older adults for decades, it is challenging for policy makers to consider international standards that could meet diverse needs for older adults from various migrant groups. The purpose of this symposium is to discuss challenges and possible strategies to develop global standards to protect immigrant older adults. There will be four presentations on the topic of various needs of older adults from different migrant groups. Noriko Toyokawa will present a study in diversity in parents’ expectations on filial piety among immigrant older adults from different racial/ethnic groups in the Southern California. Weiyu Mao and her colleagues will present their study in the perceived neighborhood cohesion as a protective factor for older Chinese immigrants’ oral health. Allen Glicksman and his colleagues will report the diversity across migrant groups and State Policies that create a challenge in using finding to establish global standards for best practices with older migrants based on a series studies on Mandarin speaking Chinese and Puerto Rican older immigrants. Finally, Mika Marumoto will suggest the ‘reframing of aging initiative’ as a possible means of leading the way of cultivating transformative solutions. Vivian Lou will comment on each presentation, discuss common themes among the presented studies, and address future research directions. With the audience, the presenters will discuss challenges in dealing with diversity issues and suggestions for a global initiative to protect human rights and health care accessibilities for immigrant older adults.