bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical note: Relationship between placentome location and gene expression in bovine pregnancy
Authors: Picking Elizabeth M , Trubenbach Levi A , Bazer Fuller W , Sawyer Jason E , Wickersham Tryon A , Satterfield M Carey 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A novel, non-terminal surgical procedure to remove a single placentome from the pregnant ewe for gene expression and histological analyses was recently developed in our laboratory. This technique allows for evaluation of nutritional insults on placental development at more than one stage of gestation using a single animal. Early attempts to develop a similar technique in cattle were met with complications due to inaccessibility of the gravid uterine horn because of its location and mass. One alternative is to collect a placentome from the contralateral uterine horn; however, the question remains as to whether gene expression varies among placentomes based on location relative to the fetus. Pregnant heifers were maintained on forage during early gestation and later moved into pens with a Calan gate system (American Calan, Northwood, NH). On gestational day (GD) 158, five heifers were assigned to receive a hay-based diet formulated to meet 100% of NRC requirements, and five heifers were fed 70% of NRC requirements until necropsy on GD244. At necropsy, a single representative placentome was selected for analysis from the antimesometrial side: (1) of the gravid uterine horn central to the amnion, (2) over the allantois immediately adjacent to the amnion, (3) in the tip of the gravid uterine horn, and (4) in the tip of the contralateral uterine horn. Mean placentome weight was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for locations central to the amnion and allantois compared to locations within the tips of the ipsilateral and contralateral horns, respectively. Gene expression for angiogenic factors (FGF2, ODC1, VEGFA, and FLT1), nutrient transporters (SLC7A1 and SLC2A1), and factors associated with hormone action (ESR1, IGF1, IGFBP3, CSH1, and PAG1) were unaffected (P &gt; 0.05) by dietary treatment or location of the placentome. Results indicate that location of the placentome in relation to the fetus does not impact gene expression, enhancing the efficacy of nonterminal methodologies for sampling gene expression in placentomes.
Lung adenocarcinoma in a patient with Li–Fraumeni syndrome bearing a novel germ-line mutation, TP53R333Vfs*12
Authors: Takahashi Shodai , Shimazu Kazuhiro , Kodama Koya , Fukuda Koji , Yoshida Taichi , Taguchi Daiki , Takahashi Tsutomu , Nanjyo Hiroshi , Shibata Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Germline mutations of TP53 are responsible for Li–Fraumeni syndrome in its 60–80%. We found a novel germline mutation, TP53: c.997del:p.R333Vfs*12 (NM_000546.6, GRCh, 17:7670713..7670713). The proband is a 40-year-old female, who was suffered from osteosarcoma in her right forearm at her age of 11. She was also suffered from lung adenocarcinoma in her right upper lobe and bone metastasis in her right scapula at her age of 37. She was treated with gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) because of EGFR mutation (L747-S752 del). Her bone metastasis became resistant after 1-year treatment. Bone metastasis had an additional EGFR mutation (T790M). The secondary treatment with osimertinib, an another EGFR-TKI, can successfully control the tumors for over 2 years. This TP53 mutation (R333Vfs*12) was first found in lung adenocarcinomas. The therapeutic effect of osimertinib for this triple mutant lung adenocarcinoma is better than the previous report.
A PSF-based Approach to TESS High quality data Of Stellar clusters (PATHOS) – II. Search for exoplanets in open clusters of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere and their frequency
Authors: Nardiello D , Piotto G , Deleuil M , Malavolta L , Montalto M , Bedin L R , Borsato L , Granata V , Libralato M , Manthopoulou E E 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The scope of the project ‘A PSF-based Approach to TESS High Quality data Of Stellar clusters’ (PATHOS) is the extraction and analysis of high-precision light curves of stars in stellar clusters and young associations for the identification of candidate exoplanets and variable stars. The cutting-edge tools used in this project allow us to measure the real flux of stars in dense fields, minimizing the effects due to contamination by neighbour sources. We extracted about 200 000 light curves of stars in 645 open clusters located in the Southern ecliptic hemisphere and observed by TESS during the first year of its mission. We searched for transiting signals and we found 33 objects of interest, 11 of which are strong candidate exoplanets. Because of the limited SNR, we did not find any Earth or super-Earth. We identified two Neptune-size planets orbiting stars with $R_{\star }\lt 1.5\, \mathrm{\it R}_{\odot }$, implying a frequency $f_{\star }=1.34 \pm 0.95\, {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, consistent with the frequency around field stars. The seven Jupiter candidates around stars with $R_{\star }\lt \, 1.5\, \mathrm{\it R}_{\odot }$ imply a frequency $f_{\star }=0.19\pm 0.07\, {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, which is smaller than in the field. A more complete estimate of the survey completeness and false positive rate is needed to confirm these results. Light curves used in this work will be made available to the astronomical community on the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescope under the project PATHOS.
The evidence for a spatially flat Universe
Authors: Efstathiou George , Gratton Steven 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
We use a new and statistically powerful Planck likelihood to show that the Planck temperature and polarization spectra are consistent with a spatially flat Universe, in contrast to recent claims in the literature. When combined with other astrophysical data, particularly geometrical measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations, our likelihood constrains the Universe to be spatially flat to extremely high precision. We deduce a curvature density parameter ΩK = 0.0004 ± 0.0018 in good agreement with the 2018 results of the Planck team. In the context of inflationary cosmology, the observations offer strong support for models of inflation with a large number of e-foldings and disfavour models of incomplete inflation.
Effects of Prior Influenza Exposure on Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Cao Jia-Qian , Jin Peng-Fei , Zeng Zhao-Zhun , Zhang Li , Meng Fan-Yue , Chu Kai , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Li Jing-Xin , Zhu Feng-Cai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
To investigate effects of prior influenza exposure on vaccine-elicited humor immune responses to circulating influenza variants.

Method
We randomly selected 360 participants in previous clinical trials stratified by age. Blood samples before and 28 days after vaccination were collected and tested by hemagglutination-inhibition tests against both vaccine strains and circulating variants during the 2015–2016 influenza seasons in China. The antigenic map was plotted and antigenic distance was calculated.

Results
Subjects with H1-priming had higher cross-reactive antibodies titers against A/JiangsuTinghu/11019/2015(H3N2) compared with subjects with B-priming did (Padjusted=0.038). Subjects with H1-priming also had higher cross-reactive antibodies titers against A/Jiangsu Qinhuai/11059/2015(H3N2) than subjects with both H1 and B priming did (Padjusted=0.036). Nevertheless, subjects with no H1 and B-priming had higher cross-reactive antibodies titers against A/Jiangsu Qinhuai/11059/2015(H3N2) than subjects with both H1 and B priming did (Padjusted=0.012). Antigenic distance was well-matched with serological results. Besides, age-specific differences in human post-vaccination responses against the identical circulating strain was noted. And children had most cross-reactive response to both H3N2 and B-yamagata subtypes.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that prior exposure to H1 or B influenza virus may influence cross-reactivity of H3-specific post-vaccination responses and consequently could influence the vaccine effectiveness. Our findings also support that there are age-specific differences in human post-vaccination responses.
0092 A Daytime Nap Restores Hippocampal Function and Improves Declarative Learning
Authors: Ong J , Lau T , Lee X , van Rijn E , Chee M W 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Daytime naps have been shown to improve learning outcomes. One theory underlying enhanced encoding following a nap is via the synaptic downscaling of neurons potentiated during wake - a process facilitated by slow oscillations. In this study, we sought to investigate neural mechanisms underlying enhanced encoding following a nap compared to a waking period using a combination of PSG and fMRI methods.

Methods
40 healthy undergraduates (M=23.3y, SD=2.96y; 10 males) who slept normally the previous night encoded word pair lists across 2 runs in an MRI scanner at 1PM and 4.30PM. In between encoding sessions, participants either stayed awake and watched a documentary (Wake group; N=20), or napped for 90-min while undergoing polysomnography (Nap group; N=20). Approximately 40min after each encoding session, memory of these word lists were assessed in a cued-recall fashion. Performance in each session was measured by percentage of correct responses.

Results
There were no baseline differences in encoding performance. However, a Session x Group interaction effect (p&lt;0.001) was observed whereby performance significantly improved only in the Nap group in the second encoding session (Nap:20±19% vs. Wake:-1±13%). Concurrent to this, fMRI analyses revealed a Session x Run x Group interaction effect in the hippocampus (p=0.002) whereby hippocampal activation during encoding of the word lists increased only in the Nap group. In addition, although there was no association between degree of performance improvement in the nap group with duration of sleep or the various sleep stages (N1,N2,N3,REM), spindle count (12-15Hz) in the Nap group correlated significantly with both performance improvement (rs=0.46) and increase in hippocampal activation (rs=0.46).

Conclusion
These results confirm the benefit of a nap on encoding processes. Hippocampal activation also increased following the nap, which could indicate renewed hippocampal capacity to store new information. While we hypothesized that slow wave sleep would aid in this transfer, we instead found a relationship between spindle count and both degree of performance improvement and increase in hippocampal activation. The interplay between NREM sleep oscillations, hippocampal downscaling and encoding performance could be more complex than originally thought.

Support
National Medical Research Council, Singapore (NMRC/STaR/015/2013) and the Far East Organization.
0103 Novel Prebiotic Enhances Sleep-Wake Cycle and Memory Consolidation in 5xFAD Mice
Authors: Shimomura K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Prior studies have shown that the gut microbiomes of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients differ from unaffected individuals. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are common in AD and often precede dementia symptoms. Gut microbiome alterations have also been observed in models of circadian disruption. Therefore, we hypothesized that altering the gut microbiome could improve sleep/circadian rhythms and cognition in an AD mouse model.

Methods
Mice were given a dietary polysaccharide, Modified Resistant Maltodextrin (MRM), as a 1% solution in the drinking water beginning at 2 months of age. 5xFAD and wild-type (WT) littermates were tested. Sleep-wake was recorded by EEG/EMG, memory consolidation was tested by the Object-Location Memory test, and beta amyloid deposition in the brain was assayed (dot blot). Composition of the gut microbiota was determined from amplicon sequencing of the 16s ribosomal RNA gene from fecal DNA.

Results
MRM treatment reduced dark (active)-phase sleep and the phase scattering of REM sleep in 5xFAD mice, indices of circadian consolidation. 6-month-old 5xFAD mice given plain water exhibited no 24hr retention of object location memory. However, MRM-treated 5xFAD mice demonstrated 24-hour memory, even at 12 months of age. Both improved memory and increased consolidation of sleep were also observed in WT mice. Two unclassified species of bacteria from the family Tannerellaceae were significantly increased in MRM-treated 5xFAD and WT mice. At 12 months of age, synaptic and neuronal loss become prominent in this AD model. However, the level of beta amyloid deposition in the brain was not significantly different between MRM and water control groups.

Conclusion
MRM treatment altered the gut microbiome, improved circadian timing of sleep and memory retention, but did not impact beta amyloid deposition in 5xFAD mice. Because these effects were also present in WT mice, MRM-induced microbiome changes may affect sleep and cognition independently from beta amyloid.

Support
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine
1078 Sleep Problems In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) In A Nationally Representative Us Sample Before And After Controlling For Comorbid Depression: Results From A Nationally Representative US Sample
Authors: Gupta M A , Vujcic B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The impact of psychiatric comorbidities on sleep disturbances in PTSD have been studied in the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)(Leskin GA, 2002) and the NCS-replication (Lauterbach D, 2011) studies. We examined sleep problems in PTSD before and after controlling for comorbid depressive disease, in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey(NAMCS) and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) which use a multi-stage probability design to collect nationally representative data on health care visits.

Methods
We examined patient visits(1995-2015) from NAMCS/NHAMCS with a PTSD diagnosis (ICD-9-CM 309.81). Both NAMCS/NHAMCS allow ≥3 reasons for visit(RFV) and ≥3 physician-assigned diagnoses (using ICD9-CM codes). The following variables were created: ‘Insomnia’: ICD9-CM codes 307.41,307.42,780.51,RFV 11351; ‘Sleep Disturbance’(SD): ICD-9CM codes 780.5, 780.50, 780.59; ‘Nightmares’: ICD9-CM code 307.4, RFV 11353; Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): ICD-CM codes 327.23,780.57, RFV 11355, checklist; and ‘Depression’: ICD9-CM codes 296.2, 296.3, 296.82, 311, 296.20-296.36, 300.4.

Results
There were an estimated 37,262,245±3,203,047 (unweighted count or UWC=3,995; 66.4%±1.8% female;.mean±age: 40.39 ± 0.56 years; ‘Depression’ was comorbid with 37.7%±1.5% cases) PTSD patients visits. All sleep variables accounted for 11.2%±1.2% (UWC=303) of PTSD visits with their individual frequencies as follows: ‘Insomnia’6.5%±1.1%(UWC=153); ‘Nightmares’: 1.9%±0.4%(UWC=74); ‘SD’: 2.0%±0.3%(UWC=67); OSA: 1.3%±0.3%(UWC=27). Logistic regression analysis using PTSD versus all other patient visits as dependent variable revealed the following sleep predictors of PTSD after controlling for age and sex and: (i) before controlling for ‘Depression’: ‘Insomnia’: OR=7.16, (95%CI 4.78-10.73); ‘SD’: OR=4.43(95%CI 2.55-7.71); ‘Nightmares’:OR=104.29 (95%CI56.65-192.02); ‘OSA’: OR=1.71(95%CI 0.94-3.12); and (ii) after controlling for ‘Depression’: ‘Insomnia’: OR=2.88 (95%CI 1.87-4.42); ‘SD’: OR=2.84 (95%CI 1.73-4.67); and ‘Nightmares’: OR=58.33(95%CI 26.39-128.94); and ‘OSA’: OR=2.02(95%CI 1.14-3.57).

Conclusion
In a nationally representative sample, the association of PTSD with insomnia, sleep disturbance and nightmares remained significant, albeit decreased, after controlling for the confounding effect of comorbid depression; however the association of PTSD with OSA emerged only after the effect of depression was controlled for.

Support
None
1101 Daytime Interactions Of Anxiousness, Stressfulness, Sleepiness, And Fatigue In College Students: A Longitudinal Cluster Analysis
Authors: LaJambe C M , Shaffer V N , Brown F M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Reports of anxiety and stress are increasing among college-age students. Previous findings show bi-directional relationships with nighttime sleep loss and elevated anxiety and stress. Less is known about changes across the day (profiles) in anxiousness and stress, and their relationship to daytime sleepiness and fatigue profiles. The primary objective of this study was to examine these potential interactions.

Methods
Using an ecological momentary assessment design, university undergraduates (N=102, female= 77.5%) made smart phone ratings (0-9 Scale) of anxiousness, stressfulness, fatigue, sleepiness from Monday-Friday, six times per day. Participant were either Low-Anxious (0-1 score: n=34) or High-Anxious (&gt;7 score; n=68) on the GAD-Q-IV Scale, had &gt; 7h sleep per weeknight, and bed- and wake times between 06:30-09:30 and 22:30-02:00, respectively. Mean daytime profile interactions were examined using joint-trajectory longitudinal clustering.

Results
Clustering identified two subtypes, Lo (n=46) and Hi (n=56), which differed primarily in their quadratic curve levels, and in times of highest and lowest ratings. Subtypes differed (p&lt;.001) in overall mean ratings of anxiousness (Lo=1.6±0.9, Hi=3.6±1.1), stressfulness (Lo=2.0±0.9, Hi=4.3±1.1), fatigue (Lo=2.4±1.0, Hi=4.4±1.0), and sleepiness (Lo=2.9±1.0, Hi=4.3±1.1). Subtypes were similar in age (Lo=18.6±0.9, Hi=18.9±1.3), morningness-eveningness BALM (Lo=33.2±4.1, Hi=32.1±5.1) and MEQ (Lo=47.5±6.2, Hi=47.7±6.8) scores, and hours sleep (Lo=8.5±0.8, Hi=8.4±0.9). Notably, more females were Hi subtype (83.9%) than Lo subtype (69.6%). Also, GAD-Q-IV scores differed within subtypes: Hi (80.4% High-Anxiety, 19.6% Low-Anxiety) versus Lo (50.0% for both High- and Low-Anxiety).

Conclusion
Despite apparent adequate nightly sleep, elevated anxiousness and stressfulness may be accompanied by increased daytime fatigue and sleepiness in college students. Furthermore, standardized clinical tests designed to identify levels of anxiety and stress may not align with daily experiences of those states. Better understanding of concomitant daytime profiles of anxiousness, stress, sleepiness, and fatigue could facilitate treatment development and reduce the burden on student counseling centers.

Support
None
1127 Utility of Quantitative EEG During Sleep as a Potential Biomarker of Lewy Body Disease Progression
Authors: Matar E , Ehgoetz Martens K A , Grunstein R R , D’Rozario A , Lewis S J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep disturbances are common among patients with Lewy body disorders. Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) has been identified as a prodromal Lewy body condition with a significantly increased risk of conversion to either Parkinson’s disease (PD) or Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). Pathological involvement of thalamic and brainstem structures involved in sleep regulation has been reported in these disorders, especially in later stages. We hypothesized that progression along the Lewy body disease spectrum may be associated with unique changes in spindle density and EEG power spectra during sleep reflecting involvement of these deep brain structures.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used. 9 polysomnography confirmed iRBD, 18 early PD, 23 DLB and 13 controls underwent overnight polysomnography, neurological and neuropsychological assessment. Power spectrum analysis during NREM and REM sleep was undertaken using a previously validated quantitative EEG algorithm and compared between groups. Following artefact and outlier removal, results were analysed using the Cz derivation. Groups were statistically compared with a non-parametric Jonckheree-Terpstra test for ordered alternatives, controlling for age and sex.

Results
We found a significant and ordered reduction in power in the spindle frequency band (12-15 Hz) in NREM sleep across the Lewy body disease spectrum compared to controls (Controls &gt; iRBD &gt; early PD &gt; DLB; TJT = 521.00, z = -2.902. p&lt;0.001). In REM sleep we found a shift in power to slower frequencies with increased power in the theta (4.5-8 Hz) band in order of disease severity (DLB &gt; early PD &gt; iRBD &gt; Controls; TJT = 950.00, z = 2.253. p=0.024). No differences were found across the other frequency bands in NREM or REM sleep.

Conclusion
There is a significant and progressive reduction in spindle density and corresponding slowing in REM sleep frequencies during sleep with clinical Lewy body staging. Thus, such measures have the potential to be useful biomarkers of progression towards Lewy body dementia from prodromal stages.

Support
This work was supported by a NHMRC Dementia Team Grant (#1095127), the NHMRC Postgraduate Scholarship and the University of Sydney Research Excellence Initiative 2020 grant.
1221 Flumazenil for the treatment of hypersomnolence and fatigue in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with multiple cardiac comorbidities
Authors: Pepito Donna Lea , Markun Leslie , Sampat Ajay 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a genetically inherited connective tissue disorder which has a high prevalence of sleep conditions, including obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, fatigue, and hypersomnia., Chronic fatigue is an important factor in the impaired quality of life in patients with EDS. Successful treatment of fatigue and hypersomnia with traditional wake-promoting medications and stimulants is limited, due to the high prevalence of postural tachycardia, orthostatic intolerance, and other cardiac conditions in these patients. We present a case of EDS with underlying cardiac comorbidities, hypersomnia and fatigue who had significant improvement in excessive daytime sleepiness after treatment with flumazenil.

Report of Case
A 19 yoF with PMH of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), autonomic instability and well-controlled depression presented with symptoms of fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS of 17/24) despite obtaining 10-15 hours of sleep each day. Polysomnogram followed by MSLT was notable for borderline excessive sleepiness without other abnormalities (PSG: AHI 3/hr, SpO2 nadir 92%; MSLT: 0 SOREMS, mean sleep latency 10 minutes). Prior autonomic and cardiac work-up revealed POTS (maximum HR 180 bpm), orthostatic intolerance and aortic root dilatation. Physical exam and previous laboratory work up for fatigue were unremarkable. A trial of flumazenil 6 mg lozenge every 4-6 hours, as needed for sleepiness, was initiated. On her subsequent visit 6 months later, patient reported 50% improvement in symptoms of fatigue and sleepiness, with decrease in ESS from 17 to 5. No adverse effects to flumazenil were reported.

Conclusion
Flumazenil is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor antagonist that has been previously documented to provide sustained clinical benefit in treatment-refractory hypersomnolence. This case report highlights a successful alternative treatment option for hypersomnolence in patients with EDS and cardiac comorbidities, in which traditional wake-promoting agents and stimulants may be contraindicated.