bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Epizootic Lymphangitis of cart horses in Northern Ethiopia Using Conventional diagnostic Methods and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Abera Birhanu Hadush , Michaelay Molla , Taddele Habtamu , Abebe Nigus , Tesfay Abrha , Bitsue Habtom Kiros , Afera Berihun , Duguma Bojia E. , Gugsa Getachew , Ameni Gobena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Epizootic lymphangitis (EL), caused by Histoplasma capsulatum variety farciminosum (HCF) is a contagious chronic disease of equines characterized by development of nodular lesions in the lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels and skin. This disease is the most important diseases of equines in Ethiopia causing a significant economic loss, particularly cart pulling equines. Todate there is no sound diagnostic nor control measure implemented in the country. Furthermore, there is a shortage of data on the epidemiology of the disease in different regions of the country including northern Ethiopia. This study was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of EL in northern Ethiopia using the conventional methods and the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods: A total of 191 cart-horses were enrolled and used as sources of pus and blood samples. The blood was used for the extraction of the DNA of HCF from buffy coat for nested PCR while the pus samples were cultured on Sabourauds Dextrose Agar for isolation. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used for data analysis by applying logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Cohen’s kappa coefficient test. In addition, the level of agreement between the clinical examination and the nested PCR was evaluated. Results: Infection with HCF was confirmed in 44% (84/191) of the horses using nested PCR. Subclinical infection was observed in 18.18% (22/121) of the apparently healthy horses. Considering nested PCR as a gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the clinical examination were 74% and 95%, respectively while the area under the ROC curve (AUR) was 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.77, 0.896). Moreover, a moderate (k=0.675) agreement was observed between the nested PCR and clinical examination.Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed the wide spread occurrence of EL in northern Ethiopia and the advantage of the nested PCR in detecting of the infection of HCF even before the clinical symptoms are apparent.
Differential Network Analysis Reveals Regulatory Patterns in Neural Stem Cell Fate Decision
Authors: Xie Jiang , yang Fuzhang , Sun Jiamin , Wang Jiao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation is one of many multi-stage lineage systems that require multiple cell fate decisions. Recent single-cell transcriptome datasets became available at individual differentiation, however, a systematic and integrative analysis of multiple datasets at multiple temporal points of NSC differentiation is lacking. Results Here we investigate five NSC differentiation paths by analyzing and comparing four different single-cell transcriptome datasets. By constructing gene regulatory networks for each cell type, we delineate their regulatory patterns via analyses of differential topology and network diffusion. Among the five NSC differentiation paths, we find 12 common differentially expressed genes, with one common three-gene regulatory pattern shared by all paths. The identified regulatory pattern, partly supported by previous experimental evidence, is found to be essential to all differentiation paths, however, plays a different role in each path when regulating other genes. Conclusions Together, our integrative analysis provides both common and specific regulatory mechanisms for each of the five NSC differentiation paths, and the approach can be applied to analyzing other complex multi-stage lineage systems.
Research on Education Effect for Chinese Medical Students' Learning Style Based on Kirkpatrick Model and Structural Equation Model
Authors: Lu Juan , Shi Yang , Hu Xiuhua , Qiu Xueping , He Qian , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The recognition of learning style was not optimistic in China. The evaluating indices of education effect were vague and adopted some ready-made indices such as teaching satisfaction or academic achievement. Those indices have their own basis and significance, but one mere index can not reflect education effect comprehensively.Methods: We used Kirkpatrick model to appraise Chinese medical education effect by selecting appropriate indices for the four levels and structural equation model (SEM) to explore the correlation among those indices after a survey on 17460 medical students.Results: 1) Kirkpatrick model: Level 1 students’ satisfaction scored 4.19±0.993; Level 2 learning motivation 1.95±0.568; Level 3 the Visual 0.227±0.131, Aural 0.300±0.138, Read/Write 0.273±0.138 and Kinesthetic 0.324±0.144 for sensory learning style, Extroversion 0.531±0.207, Sensing 0.597±0.186, Thinking 0.585±0.207, Judging 0.662±0.225 for personality type and Concrete Experience 32.03±6.394, Reflective Observation 33.41±6.486, Abstract Conceptualization 34.13±6.650, Active Experimentation 34.00±6.600 for empirical learning style; Level 4 learning attitude 2.68±0.781, learning expectation 2.14±0.953 and academic achievement 2.43±0.793. 2) SEM: the fitting indices were 0.687-0.581. Most of the paths were valid except for VARK, T and J parts (t < 2, P > 0.05).Conclusions: Kirkpatrick model with selected indices evaluated comprehensively the education effect (learning style was one important index); there were actually relations among those indices; based on the importance tested by SEM and students’ satisfaction obtained from the survey, we sorted the college cultivating works into four types, among which type B (important but unsatisfactory work) urge most to be strengthened.
Cloning and characterization of an exocellulase and synergistic effect with recombinant endocellulase and beta-glucosidase from Bacillus subtilis 1AJ3
Authors: Ma Lingling , Chen Jiaxin , Wang Xin , Yi Yanglei , Shan Yuanyuan , Liu Bianfang , Zhou Yuan , Lü Xin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Biomass lignocellulose provide abandon cellulosic material for bioenergy. The synergy effect of the cellulase system still needs more attention to make it more efficient. Exocellulase was less of studies in former studies, especially recombinant exocellulase from bacteria. Results: An exocellulase Cbh -A from strain B. subtilis 1AJ3 was cloned and expressed in E.coli BL21. By sequence analysis, Cbh -A contains two domains: FlgJ and SH3_8. Enzymatic properties of Cbh -A were characterized, and the maximum enzyme activity was gotten under the condition of pH 6.4 and 50℃. Moreover, the enzyme reached the highest enzyme activity and kept stable under 50℃ for 4 h. Ion metal Mn 2+ had an activating effect on Cbh -A, while Cu 2+ as well as chemical EDTA had inhibition effect. Cbh -A had widely substrates specification that it could hydrolyze β-1,3-1,4/β-1,3/β-1,4 glucan linkage, α-1,4 glucan linkage . When it took cooperation with recombinant endocellulase and β-glucosidase also from the strain B. subtilis 1AJ3, synergism effect was observed through DS (degree of synergism) value by hydrolyzing CMC-Na, Avicel, and filter paper. At the same time, the synergism effect was also examined in biomass lignocellulose by comparing the saccharification rate and DS value of each material. Conclusions: Cbh -A contained a FlgJ domain and first studied as an exocellulase cloned from B. subtilis 1AJ3. The biochemical, enzymatic properties, ion metal, and substrate specificity of Cbh -A were analyzed, and a special character of Cbh -A could keep maximum activity after pre-warm at 50℃ for 4h. Cbh-A had good synergy effect with endocellulase and β-glucosidase from the same strain in variety kind of cellulosic substrates, including simple and complex biomass cellulose. It laid a foundation of application by mixed cellulases via synergy effect, and supply new thought for the degradation of biomass lignocellulose.
Correlates of mistime pregnancy and unmet need for family planning among women of reproductive age in Sandema, Ghana.
Authors: Dun-Dery Elvis Junior , Yendaw Elijah , Dun-Dery Frederick , Bagrmwin Lawrence 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Universally, an estimated 80 million unintended pregnancies comprising both mistimed and unwanted pregnancies are recorded yearly, but only half of women at risk of a mistimed pregnancy use contraceptives. In developing countries, over 100 million females have unmet need and national surveys in Ghana indicate a 29% unmet need rate. Methods: A cross-sectional community based study was used, involving the use of multi-step cluster sampling methods in selecting 300 women of reproductive age. The study was quantitative in nature, using structured interviewer administered questionnaires. Results: More than half (66%) of the women in reproductive age still had unmet need, 71% were currently pregnant and 36% confirmed ever having a mistimed pregnancy. Overall, 53% of the women confirmed never communicating on family planning issues with their partners, a little below half (45%) of the respondents took their own health care decisions and 79% ever received family planning services from a health professional. Factors related to unmet need included mistimed pregnancy, level of education, preferred birth/pregnancy interval, communication between partners and the autonomy to spend self-earnings. Conclusion: Considering that high rates of unmet need results in mistimed pregnancy, improved policies around the influence of unmet need on mistimed pregnancies are needed.
Formulasi Model Perkuliahan Daring Sebagai Upaya Menekan Disparitas Kualitas Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Mustofa Mokhamad Iklil , Chodzirin Muhammad , Sayekti Lina , Fauzan Roman 
Published: December 2019

<p>A one-step using network technology and information technology for the development of learning system in universities is online lecturing system. This learning system is assessed as highly efficient, because the same learning resources can be used by hundred people at the same time. So, college student that lives in isolated area can access the subjects of reputable universities in Indonesia. Hence, the quality disparity of universities will be decreased.</p><p>This study is qualitative descriptive research. The object of this study is on website pditt.belajar.kemdikbud.go.id. This website is developed by the Ministry of Education and Culture Indonesia. The selection of that locus is because the website is an official website of government which collaborate with some reputable universities in Indonesia, such as University of Indonesia, Bandung Institute of Technology, Gajahmada University, Sepuluh November Institut of Technology, Aptikom, and Bina Nusantara University.</p><p>The result showed that online lecturing system has positive contribution for pushing the quality disparity of universities in Indonesia. The indications such as 1) Minimize the limitation of access to higher education that have a certain quality. 2) Cut-off the limitation of facilities that had been cosidered as one of obstacles of the lower quality of higher education. 3) Eliminate the limitation of understanding to certain material. 4) Online lecturing system gives wide access to educational resources, especially in reputable universities.</p>
Perancangan Geographic Information System Berbasis Android Untuk Potensi Mebel Di Kecamatan Tahunan Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Tamrin Teguh , Zyen Akhmad Khanif , Dina Maula Hashina 
Published: December 2019

<p>Jepara is a city called carving city because it has a large furniture and carving industry</p><p>potential. Tahunan Subdistrict is an area located in Jepara regency with the biggest potential of the furniture industry compared to other districts. Everyone who wants to buy furniture from Tahunan may visit the showroom which is located not far from the main road because of the limited information about the potential of furniture, especially small and medium business category in less strategic locations. Judging from these problems, it is necessary to make an information system about the potential of furniture in Tahunan district based on android that is easy to use and integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) to make it easier for users to find directions to the location. The system development method used is Rapid Application Development (RAD) with Construct 2 as the maker of the application.</p>
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Obat Pertanian Berbasis Web pada Toko BUTANI Blora
Authors: Damayanti Erni 
Published: December 2019

<p>Sistem Informasi ini membahas mengenai penjualan barang, penelitian ini dilakukan pada toko BUTANI Blora adalah sebuah wirausaha yang bergerak dibidang penjualan obat pertanian antar lain obat-obatan pertanian, pupuk pertanian, peralatan pertanian. Masalah yang sering dihadapi toko BUTANI Blora adalah pencatatan transaksi penjualan yang masih manual, sulitnya dalam perhitungan nilai akhir penjualan barang, pencatatan transaksi penjualan yang memerlukan ketelitian dan ketepatan dalam menghitung , dikarenakan antara lain pencatatan dan perhitungan jumlah suatu barang saat ini masih menggunakan sistem yang belum tertata, sehingga sering terjadi kelebihan atau kekurangan stok, hal tersebut akan berdampak pada pelayanan kebutuhan konsumen yang kurang laku.</p><p> </p><p>Sistem informasi penjualan obat pertanian berbasis web juga sangat dibutuhkan dalam perusahaan untuk mencatat transaksi penjualan dan untuk membuat laporan penjualan. Untuk membangun sistem informasi tersebut menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan database <em>MySQL</em>, aplikasi ini dibuat untuk mempermudah mencatat transaksi penjualan dan membat laporan penjualan.</p><p> </p><p>Dengan adanya sistem informasi penjualan diharapkan perusahaan dapat membantu manajemen dalam melakukan pencatatan transaksi penjualan, dapat mengetahui stok barang, dan laporan-laporan yang dibutuhkan.</p>
Outstanding Contemporaries on the Formation of School Education in Russia of the Second Half of the XIX Century
Authors: Emelyanova Natalia 
Published: December 2019

The research featured some trends in the formation of the Russian school during the second half of the XIX century in the interpretation of the contemporary representatives of pedagogy, science, and journalism. The paper also focuses on their participation in the formation of the educational system and female education. The author identified directions in the formation of school during that period, as well as revealed the attitude of academia and improvements they suggested. The methodological basis was provided by previously unstudied material. Its theoretical and comparative analysis made it possible to reveal the opinions of celebrated authors of that time about the organization of the educational process in male and female grammar schools that belonged to various departments. Grammar schools for girls seemed to play a special role in Russia as they were connected with teacher training and contributed to the formation of elementary schools. The opinions of the famous contemporaries made it possible to draw certain conclusions regarding the organization of the educational process, the specifics of the educational situation, and the problems that had to be addressed in order to develop the Russian system of education. The results can be used in the syllabus of History of Pedagogy and Education, various elective courses, and research work of students.
On-line optimization of biomethane production in continuous AD processes via model-based ESC approach
Authors: Lara-Cisneros G. , Dochain D. , Álvarez-Ramírez J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper is aimed at designing a class of model based extremum-seeking feedback controllers (ESC) for the on-line optimization of biomethane production rate in continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) processes. The ESC scheme is based on the modelling error compensation approach coupled with a first-order gradient estimator. The feedback control law is able to keep the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) near the unknown optimal setpoint while the methane production rate is maximized. Unlike other ESC algorithms applied to AD processes, the proposed control scheme includes a continuous uncertain estimator and avoids excessive oscillations in the control action. Numerical simulations compare the performance of the proposed ESC controller with traditional perturbation-based and sliding mode based approaches.
Study on mitigating membrane fouling based on precursor and flocculant Alb matching in EC/O-UF system
Authors: Su Fei , Li Ying-Hua , Deng Wen-He , Li Hai-Bo , Yang Lei , Chen Tian-yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
One of the effective ways to remove halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) from drinking water is the application of ultrafiltration technology. However, membrane fouling is an important factor affecting the service life and treatment effect. In this study, the electrocoagulation/oxidation-ultrafiltration (EC/O-UF) process was used to remove the precursor substance that produced DBPs, i.e. dissolved organic matters (DOMs). Operating parameters were optimized from the matching of different flocculant morphology to low concentration DOM. The degree of membrane fouling was characterized by analyzing DOMs concentration and membrane flux. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the production of Alb were: current density 10 A/m2, hydraulic retention time 10 min, and initial pH 5.0–7.0. Under these conditions, the production of flocculant Alb could reach 58–61%, 94–97% DOMs were removed by EC/O-UF.
Cardiac Amyloid - A Hidden Contributor to Cardiac Dysfunction Following Cardiac Surgery: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Flood Trevor A. , Bradshaw Scott H. , Veinot John P. , Nair Vidhya 
Published: December 2019

We present two patients who underwent cardiac surgery followed by post-operative low
cardiac output, diastolic dysfunction and resistance to inotropic support. Despite aggressive medical
management, both patients died. At autopsy, the hearts were enlarged and showed previously undiagnosed
myocardial and vascular amyloidosis. Occult cardiac amyloidosis is an uncommon, often
occult, contributor to post-operative complications post cardiac surgery. Pre-operative or intraoperative
myocardial biopsy may be useful in patients with unexplained diastolic dysfunction.

Brief Summary:
We present two patients who underwent cardiac surgery followed by low cardiac
output, diastolic dysfunction and resistance to inotropic support. Cardiac dysfunction was due to
occult amyloidosis. Pre-operative or intra-operative myocardial biopsy may be useful in patients
with unexplained diastolic dysfunction. With recent therapy advances, classification and possible
treatment of amyloid are possible.
The Anticancer Properties of Silibinin: Its Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Effect in Breast Cancer
Authors: Binienda Agata , Ziolkowska Sylwia , Pluciennik Elzbieta 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Silibinin (SB), the main component of Silymarin (SM), is a natural substance obtained
from the seeds of the milk thistle. SM contains up to 70% of SB as two isoforms: A and B. It has an antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory effect on hepatocytes and is known to inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and
curb angiogenesis. SB has demonstrated activity against many cancers, such as skin, liver, lung, bladder, and
breast carcinomas.

Methods:
his review presents current knowledge of the use of SM in breast cancer, this being one of the most
common types of cancer in women. It describes selected molecular mechanisms of the action of SM; for example,
although SB influences both Estrogen Receptors (ER), α and β, it has opposite effects on the two. Its action on ERα
influences the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/ERK signaling pathways, while by up-regulating ERβ, it increases
the numbers of apoptotic cells. In addition, ERα is involved in SB-induced autophagy, while ERβ is not. Interestingly,
SB also inhibits metastasis by suppressing TGF-β2 expression, thus suppressing Epithelial to Mesenchymal
Transition (EMT). It also influences migration and invasive potential via the Jak2/STAT3 pathway.

Results:
SB may be a promising enhancement of BC treatment: when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs
such as carboplatin, cisplatin, and doxorubicin, the combination exerts a synergistic effect against cancer cells.
This may be of value when treating aggressive types of mammary carcinoma.

Conclusion:
Summarizing, SB inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and restrains metastasis via several mechanisms.
It is possible to combine SB with different anticancer drugs, an approach that represents a promising therapeutic
strategy for patients suffering from BC.
Pharmacokinetics and Acute Toxicity of a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Scriptaid, and its Neuroprotective Effects in Mice After Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Yang Heng , Gao Xinjie , Su Jiabin , Jiang Hanqiang , Lei Yu , Ni Wei , Gu Yuxiang 
Published: December 2019

Background & Objective:
The pharmacokinetics and acute toxicity of a histone deacetylase
inhibitor, Scriptaid, was unknown in the mouse. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics,
acute toxicity, and tissue distribution of Scriptaid, a new histone deacetylase inhibitor, in
mice, and its neuroprotective efficacy in a mouse intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) model.

Methods:
The pharmacokinetics, acute toxicity, and tissue distribution were determined in C57BL/6
male and female mice after the intraperitoneal administration of a single dose. Behavioral tests, as well
as investigations of brain atrophy and white matter injury, were used to evaluate the neuroprotective
effect of Scriptaid after ICH. Western blotting was used to investigate if Scriptaid could offer antiinflammatory
benefits after ICH.

Results:
No significant differences were observed in body weight or brain histopathology between the
group that received Scriptaid at 50 mg/kg and the group that received dimethyl sulfoxide (control).
The pharmacokinetics of Scriptaid in mice was nonlinear, and it was cleared rapidly at low doses and
slowly at higher doses. Consistent with the pharmacokinetic data, Scriptaid was found to distribute in
several tissues, including the spleen and kidneys. In the ICH model, we found that Scriptaid could reduce
neurological deficits, brain atrophy, and white matter injury in a dose-dependent manner. Western
blotting results demonstrated that Scriptaid could decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines
IL1β and TNFα, as well as iNOS, after ICH.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that Scriptaid is safe and can alleviate brain injury after ICH,
thereby providing a foundation for the pharmacological action of Scriptaid in the treatment of brain
injury after ICH.