bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization of fungi causing colonization and infection in organ transplant recipients: a one-year prospective study
Authors: Zarei Fereshteh , Hashemi Seyed Jamal , Salehi Mohammadreza , Mahmoudi Shahram , Zibafar Ensieh , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Rahimi Foroushani Abbas , Ardi Pegah , Daie Ghazvini Roshanak 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Organ transplant recipients are vulnerable to fungal infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fungal colonization and infections among patients who underwent various transplantations and molecularly characterize the etiological agents.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on candidates for transplantation in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2017 to April 2018. All patients were monitored for fungal colonization or infections before and after transplantation. Isolated fungi were identified using molecular methods.
Results: A total of 125 patients, including 86 males and 39 females, with the mean age of 52.2 years participated in the study (age range: 15-75 years). Out of 125 patients, 84 (67.2%) cases had fungal colonization that appeared pre- and post-transplantation in 21 and 63 cases, respectively (alone or concurrent with another infection in 55 and 29 cases, respectively). In addition, a total of 39 episodes of fungal infections were diagnosed in 36 (28.8%) recipients (alone or concurrent with colonization in 7 and 29 cases, respectively). Out of the 39 fungal infections, 9 cases appeared pre-transplantation, while the other 30 cases occurred post-transplantation. However, no fungal colonization or infection was observed in 34 (27.2%) patients. Oral candidiasis (n=20) was the most common type of infection, followed by funguria (n=7), onychomycosis (n=5), candidemia (n=3), rhinocerebral mucormycosis (n=1), cutaneous mucormycosis (n=1), cutaneous aspergillosis (n=1), and peritonitis (n=1). Six yeast species were recovered from colonization cases with the dominance of Candida albicans both before and after transplantation. The observed fungal infections were caused by 11 distinct species, including the members of Candida (i.e., C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei), Aspergillus (i.e., A. oryzae and A. candidus), Rhizopus (i.e., R. oryzae and R. microsporus), Trichosporon asahii, and Trichophyton interdigitale. The results also indicated that the development of a fungal infection post-transplantation was associated with fungal colonization (r=0.0184; P=0.043).
Conclusion: Based on the results, fungal colonization was a common finding in transplant recipients at Imam Khomeini Hospital. However, the incidence of fungal infections was comparable with those of other centers. As the oral cavity was the most common site of colonization and infection, it might be beneficial to take further care about the oral health of patients using effective mouthwash.
Ultrastructure of hyphal cells of the dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans
Authors: Stepanova Amaliya , de Hoog G. Sybren , Vasilyeva Nataliya , Raznatovskiy Konstantin , Chilina Galina 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Trichophyton tonsurans is a widely distributed anthropophilic dermatophyte causing different diseases of skin. In the literature limited data are available about the morphogenesis of vegetative mycelium of T. tonsurans and related anthropophilic dermatophytes. The aim of present study was to describe ultrastructural patterns of development, cellular organellography and septal pore apparatus structure of in vitro growing vegetative mycelium of T. tonsurans.
Materials and Methods: Trichophyton tonsurans strain RCPFF 214/898 was grown on solid Czapek’s Agar (CzA) at 28ºС. For investigation of colonies morphology we used methods of light-, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM).
Results: Differences in morphogenesis of aerial and substrate hyphae were revealed. Mitochondrial reticulum and fibrosinous bodies were shown in T. tonsurans for the first time. The septal pore apparatus in hyphal cells of was comprised Woronin bodies and septal pore plugs. Woronin bodies (0.18 μm), located with 1‒4 near the pore, were spherical, membrane-bound, and had a homogeneous, electron-dense content. The cells of aerial and submerged hyphal cells of T. tonsurans contain two nuclei.
Conclusion: Mature cells of substrate hyphae appeared more active than comparable cells in the aerial mycelium. During the maturation process, the differences in number and morphology of mitochondria, number of vacuoles, and in the synthesis of different types of storage substances were revealed. Presence of “mitochondrial reticulum” and variable types of storage substances in submerged hyphal cells suggested higher levels of metabolic activity compared to aerial mycelium.
The Relationship between General Health of Citizens in Pardisa District of Qom and their Satisfaction with Ecological Components of Urban Quality of Life
Authors: Mazloomi  Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Shahwaroughi Mohammad Mahdi , Ehrampoush Mohammad Hassan , Namayandeh Mahdieh 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Human ecology examines the interactions between humans and the environment. Investigation of the human happiness and health requires a systematic study of the human life and ecosystem, which includes the physical and social environment of the human species. Ecosystem is the basis of changes that occur in the biological, psychological, and social systems, because they happen in the context of environment. The urban areas can also be considered as an ecosystem that can affect biological, psychological, and social aspects of the inhabitants. As a result, ecosystem is associated with the inhabitants' happiness and the health.
Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over 145 individuals with 15 years of age living in Pardisan district of Qom. To collect data randomly, two questionnaires were administered: a questionnaire to assess the residents' ecological satisfaction (environmental, economic, and social) from urban quality of life and a general health questionnaire. In order to investigate the differences between quantitative variables, two groups of ecological components of urban quality of life and general health as a whole and their subsets were considered. T-test and ANOVA were aplied to analyze the collected data. Pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationship between quantitative variables (satisfaction with ecological components of the urban quality of life and general health and related subsets).
Results: The results of this study indicated a significant correlation between all environmental, social, and economic components, physical scales, anxiety, social function, and depression, except for the ecological component and social function. In other words, decreased satisfaction from the ecological urban quality of life increased the scores of general health, which indicated an increase in the disease symptoms in the general health questionnaire.
Conclusion: Considering the relationship between the ecological components of urban quality of life and health, the residents' views and their basic problems should be investigated in order to create the appropriate conditions for improving their quality of urban life.
Patients Satisfaction from the Appointment Schedule; a case study in Shahid Sadoughi Specialized Clinic in Yazd
Authors: Aghabagheri Hossein , Mohaghar Ali , Kazemi Aliyeh , Mazloomi Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Health services rendered by hospitals play an important role in satisfying the society. In this study, the level of patients satisfaction from the appointment schedule of the specialized clinic of Shahid Sadoughi in Yazd wasexamined.
Methods: The present descriptive-analytical research was conducted among patients with completed treatment steps using the random sampling method. A questionnaire was administered for data collection. T-test and Pearson correlation were applied to analyze the data.
Results: The general satisfaction of patients had a significant relationship with their gender and the city where they live. Men's general satisfaction was higher than that of women. Moreover, public satisfaction of native patients was higher than non-natives. Satisfaction with the appointment had a positive correlation with the waiting times, distribution of appointments, exact time appointments, choice of therapist, and consideration of preferences.
Conclusion: The number of clients who needed treatment in various medical disciplines was relatively significant and a high percentage of patients met one physician more than once. Many clients who referred to the clinic with a prior choice of a specialist had above-average satisfaction with the provided services. However, due to the relative dissatisfaction of some patients, it is necessary to have appropriate plans to eliminate the weaknesses and improve the conditions.
Management Education – The Psychology of the English Language the Importance of Sport, In Learning a Foreign Language
Authors: Allegra Stefania 
Published: May 2020

It’s normal and important to understand the role of the applied linguistic in everyday life.
It’s an important rule to understand the role of the educational psychology of the foreign language learning.
You find many difficult phases in this study according to the age and culture, so the place where you live.
To understand the process of the learning about L2, as foreign language, it’s something that needs a special attention in psychology.
Psychology is part of the rule that manages the whole life. There are aspects of ourselves that must go together in inner Self life and external life.
A professor must have the average knowledge about the psychology of the person. If you don’t apply the teaching with psychology, you can’t have the minimum and the top results in your students.
There are awareness concepts in the teaching process, it’s a result of the going on in the ability adaptation of the mind, in memorization techniques.
It’s particular to understand that the memorisation techniques are difficult steps to obtain.
It depends on the age the ability to learn a language fast; it means it’s an easier process in children; young teenagers are surely trained at school so they can get good results; adults are not so strong in memorization if they are far from studies processes that activate the mind in a properly way training in order to learn a foreign language.
In all these processes is very important the practice of sport, because of improvement of mind processes.
Una cesárea anterior: ¿parto vaginal o cesárea? "Una reflexión a lo colombiano"
Authors: Peralta Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2020

Desde 1916 cuando Edwin Cragin preconizó el: "UNA VEZ CESAREA SIEMPRE UNA CESAREA" han pasado varias décadas en las cuales siempre se ha optado por dicha conducta en la gestante con antecedente de una cesárea.
Investigating the effect of organizational culture on strategy implementation process of private chartered universities in Kenya
Authors: Nderitu Joyce Wanjiku , Waiganjo Esther , Orwa George O. 
Published: May 2020

This study aimed at investigating the effect of organizational culture and strategy implementation process of Private chartered universities in Kenya. The cross-sectional survey research design was adopted and it used both quantitative and qualitative data as it seeks the effect of organizational culture on the implementation of corporate strategy. The accessible population included Registrars, Deans, Directors, Heads of Departments, academic staff, and students’ leaders. This study used both stratified random sampling and the target sample size was 198 employees. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyze data. The competing values framework was adopted to identify the organizational culture types that are displayed in Private chartered universities. A multiple linear regression model was also used to derive inferential statistical indicators. Normality testing was done to compare the cumulative distribution of the data with the expected cumulative normal distribution and it bases its P value on the largest discrepancy. Two versions of Breusch-Pagan tests were conducted to test the null hypothesis on whether heteroscedasticity or homoscedasticity was present. Based on the regression analysis it was clear that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis accepted. The conclusion was that Clan culture had a significant influence on the strategy implementation process of Private chartered universities in Kenya. The results established that there was a linear positive relationship between Clan culture and strategy implementation which implies that an increase in Clan culture would lead to a linear increase in Strategy implementation in Private chartered universities in Kenya.
Studi Pengaruh Gaya Arsitektur Bangunan Terhadap Daya Tarik Kunjungan Wisata di Kota Lama Semarang
Authors: Purnomo Agus Heru , Sumaryoto S , Suparno S 
Published: May 2020

<p><em>Tourism is one of the creative industries that bring substantial benefit to the country, therefore it is necessary to explore and map new potential sources in the field for tourism. Most cities in Indonesia has the opportunity to be developed into a tourist city, this can be seen from several components that can be used as a tourist attraction of a city. The components that can be an attraction include: a city area that is historically area with unique architectural style. Urban tourism potential that can be used as a superior tourism product, it requires integration of related 4 (four) aspects: tourist attractions, transportation aspects, and supporting facilities, and institutional aspects. The city of Semarang is the capital of Central Java which has a number of objects and tourist attractions that are quite diverse, including: the Old City area of Semarang is an area of 31 hectares that has a number of ancient buildings of historical value with the style of Colonial Architecture. The old city area of Semarang, known as "Little Netherlands". is a conserved area and now being reorganized to be a world tourist destination. The purpose of this study was to conduct a study of the influence of architectural styles on the attractiveness of tourist visits in the Old City area of Semarang. To be able to achieve the objectives of this study, the research method used is qualitative-rationalistic. The resulst of the study that the architectural style in the old city of Semarang is very influential on tourist attractions, especially those that have elements of classical European architecture, Renaissance, Baroq, and a blend of local elements, namely The Indisce Empire Style. </em></p>
Emerging pesticides responsible for suicide in rural Sri Lanka following the 2008-2014 pesticide bans
Authors: Weerasinghe Manjula , Pearson Melissa , Konradsen Flemming , Agampodi Suneth , Sumith J.A. , Jayamanne Shaluka , Senanayake S.M.H.M.K. , Rajapaksha Sandamali , Eddleston Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Sri Lanka has reduced its overall suicide rate by 70% over the last two decades through means restriction, through means restriction, through a series of government regulations and bans removing highly hazardous pesticides from agriculture. We aimed to identify the key pesticide(s) now responsible for suicides in rural Sri Lanka to provide data for further pesticide regulation.Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data collected prospectively during a cluster randomized controlled trial in the Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka from 2011-16. The identity of pesticides responsible for suicides were sought from medical or judicial medical notes, coroners’ records, and the person’s family. Trend analysis was done using a regression analysis with curve estimation to identify relative importance of key pesticides. Results We identified 337 suicidal deaths. Among them, the majority 193 (57.3%) were due to ingestion of pesticides while 82 (24.3%) were due to hanging. A specific pesticide was identified in 105 (54.4%) of the pesticide suicides. Ingestion of carbosulfan or profenofos was responsible for 59 (56.2%) of the suicides with a known pesticide and 17.5% of all suicides. The increasing trend of suicides due to carbosulfan and profenofos over time was statistically significant (R square 0.846, F 16.541, p 0.027). Conclusion Ingestion of pesticides remains the most important means of suicides in rural Sri Lanka. The pesticides that were once responsible for most pesticide suicides have now been replaced by carbosulfan and profenofos. Their regulation and replacement in agriculture with less hazardous pesticides will further reduce the incidence of both pesticide and overall suicides in rural Sri Lanka.
Upregulation of miR-205 induces CHN1 expression, which is associated with the aggressive behaviour of cervical cancer cells and correlated with lymph node metastasis
Authors: liu jianbing , li yunfeng , chen xihua , xu xiangbo , zhao haoqi , wang shufang , hao jianqing , he bin , liu shuyan , wang jiedong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. However, the mechanisms mediating the development and progression of cervical cancer are unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the roles of microRNAs and a1-chimaerin (CHN1) protein in cervical cancer progression. Methods: The expression of miR-205 and CHN1 protein was investigated by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. We predicted the target genes of miR-205 using software prediction and dual luciferase assays. The expression of mRNAs and proteins was tested by qRT-PCR and western blotting respectively. The ability of cell growth, migration and invasion was evaluated by CCK-8 and transwell. Cell apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry analysis. Results: We found that miR-205 and CHN1 were highly expressed in human cervical cancer tissue compared with paired normal cervical tissues. The CHN1 gene was shown to be targeted by miR-205 in HeLa cells. Interestingly, transfection with miR-205 mimic upregulated CHN1 mRNA and protein, while miR-205 inhibitor downregulated CHN1 in high-risk and human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative human cervical cancer cells in vitro ,. These data suggested that miR-205 positively regulated the expression of CHN1. Furthermore, the miR-205 mimic promoted cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in high-risk and HPV-negative cervical cancer cells, while the miR-205 inhibitor blocked these biological processes. Knockdown of CHN1 obviously reduced the aggressive cellular behaviours induced by upregulation of miR-205 , suggesting that miR-205 positively regulated CHN1 to mediate these cell behaviours during the development of cervical cancer. Furthermore, CHN1 was correlated with lymph node metastasis in clinical specimens. Conclusions: Our findings showed that miR-205 positively regulated CHN1 to mediate cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion during cervical cancer development, particularly for high-risk HPV-type cervical cancer. These findings suggested that dysregulation of miR-205 and subsequent abnormalities in CHN1 expression promoted the oncogenic potential of human cervical cancer .
A Global Health Capstone: An Innovative Educational Approach in a Competency-Based Curriculum for Medical Students
Authors: Chamberlain Stacey , Gonzalez Nicole , Dobiesz Valerie , Edison Marcia , Lin Janet , Weine Stevan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Global health educational programs for medical and public health professionals have grown substantially in recent years. The University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine (UICOM) began a global medicine (GMED) program for selected students in 2012 and has since graduated four classes. As part of the four-year curriculum, students complete a longitudinal global health capstone project. This paper describes the global health capstone project as an innovative educational tool within a competency-based curriculum.Methods The authors define and describe the longitudinal global health capstone including specific requirements, student deliverables, and examples of how the global health capstone may be used as part of a larger curriculum to teach the competency domains identified by the Consortium of Universities for Global Health. The authors also reviewed the final capstone projects for 35 graduates to describe characteristics of capstone projects completed.Results The global health capstone was developed as one educational tool within a broader global health curriculum for medical students. Of the 35 capstones, 26 projects involved original research (74%), and 25 involved international travel (71%). Nine projects led to a conference abstract/presentation (26%) while five led to a publication (14%). Twenty-one projects (60%) had subject matter-focused faculty mentorship. Conclusions A longitudinal global health capstone is a feasible tool to teach targeted global health competencies and can provide meaningful opportunities for research and career mentorship. Further refinement of the capstone process is needed to strengthen mentorship, and additional assessment methods are needed.
Assessment of malaria as a public health problem in and around Arjo Didhessa Sugar Cane Plantation area, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Dufera Mebrate , Dabsu Regea , Tiruneh Gemechu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Although much progress has been made in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality worldwide in the last decade, nationally malaria remains the third leading cause of death and still considered a major public health problem. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess malaria as a public health problem in and around the sugar cane plantation area of Arjo Didhessa sugar factory, Western Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study supplemented with clinical retrospective data, which included 452 study subjects was recruited and the study period was extended from May 2016 up to November of 2017. A standardized questionnaire was used to assess malaria risk factors and blood samples were received from all study participants and further subjected to Giemsa staining for determination of malaria prevalence. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Malaria risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression at a significance level of P < 0.05.Results: The overall malaria prevalence was 3.1%; Plasmodium vivax is the main type of malaria parasite. Overnight outdoor sleeping and improper utilization of mosquito bed nets were found to be statistically significant as malaria risk factors in the community. In the retrospective studies of five years, the peak malaria cases (13.84%) were reported in 2013 and the lowest cases (1.24%) in 2017.Conclusions: The figure for malaria witnessed in this area remains higher than the observed national malaria prevalence indicating malaria remains a public health problem. Therefore, we suggest the factory administrators and health care professionals work more on raising awareness to avoid night outdoor sleeping and promote frequent and appropriate utilization of insecticide-treated nets in line with regular indoor residual spraying.