bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF BONE QUALITY IN THE FRONTAL PART OF MANDIBLES IN FEMALE PATIENTS OF VARIOUS AGES USING CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Nurieva Natal'ya , Shelegova Irina , Vazhenina Dar'ya 
Published: November 2020

Thing. The optical density of the lower jaw in the frontal part of female patients was studied, age-related differences in the optical density of the lower jaw were revealed.
The aim is to reveal the variability of the values of optical density of the lower jaw in the anterior region in female patients.
Methodology. Computed tomograms of the lower jaws of 26 patients were analyzed. The optical density of the bone was assessed using the method of computer densitometry in Hounsfield arbitrary units, measurements were carried out in the area of the root apexes of the lower canines. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel, Windows 9.
Results. In 84.6 % of cases, the optical density of bone tissue in the area of 3.3 and 4.3 teeth is within the same class according to the Misch classification. In this group, 72.7 % of patients had class D2, 18.18 ― D1, 9 ― D3; in 15.4 %, the bone density on the right and left sides of the mandible belongs to D2 and D3. The optical density between two relatively symmetrical points is in the range from 2 to 238 units, between the right and left sides it is 129.66 HU. In the group of 30―39 (n = 6) years, in 50 % of cases, bone density belongs to class D2, in 33.33 ― D1, in 16.66 ― D3; 40―49 (n = 8) years in 87.5 % of cases ― D2, in 12.5 ― D1; 50―59 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3; 60―68 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3.
Conclusions. With increasing age of patients, there is a decrease in bone density in the lower jaw in the canine area.
الائتلاف والاختلاف في الأمثال العربية واليوربوية: دراسة مقارنAL-I’TILAF WA AL-IKHTILAF FI AL-AMTSAL AL-ARABIYAH WA AL-YORUBIYYAH: DIRASAH MUQARANAH
Authors: Jumahalaso S. Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

الأمثال مجموعة من أفكار الشعوب وعاداتها وعقائدها وتقاليدها المتوارثة جيلاً بعد جيل، وهي مرآة تعكس ثقافات الشعوب بصفة عامة، ومن أكثر أساليب التعبير الشعبية انتشارا وشيوعا، وأقدرها على مساعدة المتكلم للوصول إلى هدفه بأقل جهد وفي أقصر وقت. وقد حظيت الأمثال باهتمام كبير وعناية عظيمة لدى الأدباء العرب وحكمائها وشعرائها نظرا للأهمية التي تكتسبها في الثقافة العربية لما فيها من إيجاز اللفظ وإصابة المعنى وغيرها. وكما تهتم العرب بفن المثل وبحسن استعماله في كلامهم، كذا الشعب اليوربوي القاطنون في الجنوب الغربي لدولة نيجيريا يولون استخدام الأمثال في ثنايا حديثهم اهتماما أعظم وعناية كبرى لأن المثل عند حصان الكلام الذي يركبه المتكلم إلى هدفه. ولأهمية المثل لدى الشعبين جاءت هذه الدراسة لتتناول المثل من حيث مفهومه، وأنواعه، ومصادره، وكيفية استعماله في الكلام لدى الشعبين. وقد نسج الباحث في جمع مواد الدراسة وفحصها وتحليلها على منوال المنهج الوصفي مع الاستعانة بالمنهج التاريخي. ومما توصلت إليه الدراسة من النتائج أن المثل ظاهرة أدبية شعبية وعالية عرفتها شعوب العالم وبالأخص الشعب العربي واليوربوي، وأن مفهومه وأنواعه وخصائصه متقاربة جدا، وأن غالبية أمثال أمة أو شعب يتكرر بألفاظها وبمعنانيها في أمثال الشعوب الأخرى مع اختلاف عروقها ولغاتها وتباعد أماكنها. Proverbs are collection of peoples' customs, beliefs, and traditions inherited from one generation to another and one of the most popular methods of expression assisting the speaker effectively and efficiently. Proverbs have received great attention and concern among the Arabs. Similarly, the Yoruba people of Nigeria are interested in proverb and its good usage in every task, as according to them, it is as if a horse of speech which the speaker rides to his goal. By virtue of the importance of proverb among them, this study addresses proverb in terms of its concept, types, sources, and how it is used in their speech. In the collection, examination and analysis of data, the researcher makes use of the descriptive and historical methods. Among of the research findings are: (i) proverb is a literary phenomenon popularly known and used by peoples in the world, particularly in Arab and Yoruba. (ii) The concept, types, and characteristics of proverbs among the two nations are very close, and (iii) Most of their proverbs are repeated by others, despite the difference in their customs, languages and geographical area.
RADICALISM PREVENTION MOVEMENT: RELIGIOUS MANIFESTATION OF SHOLAWAT COMMUNITIES IN THE MATARAMAN
Authors: Fuad A. Jauhar 
Published: November 2020

Religious traditions become a form of community religiosity. One’s religious attitude can be manifested in religious forms and actions through religious rituals such as prayer, fasting, zakat, pilgrimage, and other rituals such as tahlil, istighasha, and salawat. Public openness to religious traditions will close the space for radicalization. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques, Interviews, documentation and focus group discussion. The findings of this study: first, the salawat council becomes a forum for people who have a spirit of religiosity in carrying out religious traditions. The development of salawat assemblies in the Mataraman region is quite a lot, but there are salawat assemblies having affiliations with FPI and defend against HTI. Second, the salawat council's existence received a response from Gus (young Kyai) who then brought the salawat council as a counterweight to the previous assembly. Its presence becomes a choice for the people in neutralizing radical understanding. As the community's religious universe grows, it needs an assembly that can lead to Islam's concept wasathiyah. Tradisi keagamaan menjadi wujud dari religiusitas masayarakat. Sikap religiusitas seseorang dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk dan tindakan keagamaan melalui ritual-ritual kegamaan seperti, salat, puasa, zakat, haji, dan ritual lain seperti tahlil, istighasha, dan salawat. Keterbukaan masyarakat pada tradisi agama akan menutup ruang gerak radikalisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara, dokumentasi dan FGD. Temuan penelitian ini: pertama, majelis salawat menjadi wadah bagi masyarakat yang mimiliki spirit religiusitas dalam menjalankan tradisi keagamaan. Perkembangan majelis salawat di wilayah Mataraman cukup banyak, akan tetapi ada majelis salawat yang memiliki afiliasi dengan FPI dan melakukan pembelaan terhadap HTI. Kedua, keberadaan majelis salawat tersebut mendapat respon dari Gus (kyai muda) yang kemudian memunculkan majelis salawat sebagai penyeimbang majelis sebelumnya. Kehadirannya menjadi pilihan bagi umat dalam menetralisir paham radikal. Seiring meningkatnya semangat keagamaan masyarakat, maka dibutuhkan majelis yang dapat mengarahkan pada konsep Islam wasatiyah.
Gut microbes in healthy dogs have individualized responses to synbiotic supplementation that lead to increased abundances of probiotic strains: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tanprasertsuk Jirayu , Jha Aashish R , Shmalberg Justin , Perry LeeAnn M , Maughan Heather , Honaker Ryan W 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Probiotics ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms in dogs. However, the effect of probiotics in a healthy population, as well as factors contributing individualized responses, remains largely unknown. This trial examined gut microbiota (GM) and health outcomes in household dogs after synbiotic (SN) supplementation containing probiotics and inulin. Healthy dogs were randomized to receive SN (50 mg/d inulin and 20 billion total CFU/d of L. reuteri, P. acidilactici, E. faecium, L. acidophilus, B. animalis, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus) or placebo (PL) for 4 weeks. Owners completed a health survey and collected stool samples for GM profiling (metagenomic sequencing) at baseline and week 4 in both groups, and at week 6 in the SN group.Results: A significant shift (p<0.001) in β-diversity was observed in the SN (n=24), but not PL group (n=19), relative to baseline at week 4. Forty-five bacterial species, 43 (96%) of which were Lactobacillales, showed an increase in the abundances (≥2 fold change, adjusted p<0.05) at week 4. E. coli also decreased at week 4 in the SN group (2.8 folds, adjusted p<0.01). The altered taxa largely returned to baseline at week 6. The degree of changes in the β-diversity was associated with GM at baseline. Specifically, dogs with higher Proteobacteria and lower Lactobacillales responded more robustly to supplementation. Dogs fed SN tended to have lower diarrhea incidence (0% vs 16%, p=0.08).Conclusions: SN supplement had an impact on the change of gut microbiota in healthy household dogs as characterized with metagenomic sequencing. Findings warrant further investigation with longer duration or in populations at risk of gastrointestinal diseases. The magnitude of response to the supplement was associated with microbial profile at baseline. To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting such association that may provide a basis of personalized nutrition in companion dogs.
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Cardio Vascular Disease Among General People Residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal&nbsp;
Authors: Tharu Ramesh Prasad , Rawal Shirya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardio vascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. It is the leading cause of death not only in developed but also in developing countries like Nepal. However, knowledge and attitude about risk factors of CVD have not yet studied in mid-western part of Nepal. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of CVD among general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The pre-tested structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data during the month of July to August 2019, and analysed using SPSS software version 21. The descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies, percentage, mean SD. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression (MNLR) analysis were used to identify the statistically significant factors associated with knowledge and attitude.Results: Of total 150 subjects, 23.3%, 40.7% and 36.0% of the respondents respectively had good, average and poor knowledge. Likewise, 51.3% had unfavourable, 36.0% neutral and 12.7% favourable attitude towards risk factors of CVD. MNLR analysis revealed that education, gender and profession were significant predictor variables in association with the level of CVD knowledge and attitude: illiterates were 67% less likely (AOR = 0.330, 95% CI: 0.117–0.929, P = 0.036 < 0.05) to have good knowledge about risk factors of CVD compared with literates. Participants having government jobs were 12.673 times more likely (AOR = 12.673, 95% CI: 1.475–108.884, P = 0.021 < 0.05) to have good knowledge compared to those participants involving in agriculture. Males were 69.9% less likely (AOR = 0.301, 95% CI: 0.140–0.648, P = 0.002 < 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude in comparison to female over neutral attitude, and illiterates were 4.158 times more likely(AOR = 4.158, 95% CI: 1.707–10.128, P = 0.002< 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude more than literates. Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that, the knowledge about CVD was adequate among general people, however the attitude was unfavourable. Thus, health awareness campaigns such as NTCP, DMP, MMMP needs to be implemented to develop knowledge and improve in attitude about risk factors of CVD.
A Simple Clinical Classification System for Early Definitive Treatment Improves Quality of Care in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis
Authors: Dai Shengjie , Kong Hongru , Wang Meng , Chen Zhe , Yu Huajun , Jin Yuepeng , Shan Yunfeng , Shi Keqing , Sun Hong-Wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe complexity of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) regarding severity of pancreatitis, accompanying diseases in the biliary system, and the variety of available interventions have raised the need for individualized treatment. We aimed to develop a simple clinical classification system guiding early and definitive treatment in patients with ABP to improve quality of care. MethodsThe classification system for ABP was developed according to severity of disease, biliary obstruction, and common bile duct stone. 2951 patients (retrospective cohort) collected between June 2006 and July 2017 and 323 patients (prospective cohort, guided by the classification system) collected between August 2017 and May 2018 were used to compare quality of care: rate of early-definitive treatment and mortality. ResultsABP patients were divided into four classes: Type I, non-obstructive mild ABP; Type II, obstructive mild ABP; Type III, obstructive moderately severe/severe ABP; Type IV, non-obstructive moderately severe/severe ABP; each type was distributed into two subtypes: subtype a, accompanied by common bile duct stones; subtype b, without common bile duct stones. With the guidance by the classification system, the rate of early definitive treatments increased in Type I/II. Continuous regional arterial infusion was recommended as an early definitive treatment for patients with Type III/IV, in which the mortality has clearly descended. ConclusionsFor patients with ABP, we present a simple clinical classification system with 4 distinct types, with 2 subtypes for guiding the early-definitive treatment for ABP.
Efficiency of a System for the Separate Collection of the Biowaste from Municipal Solid Waste. A Spanish Pilot Case Study
Authors: Gallardo Antonio , Colomer-Mendoza Francisco J. , Carlos Mar , Badenes Cristóbal , Edo-Alcón Natalia , Esteban-Altabella Joan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:According to EU regulations, member states shall take measures to encourage the recycling of biowaste in a way that fulfils a high level of environmental protection. In Spain, the separate collection of biowaste is only implemented in some regions. For this reason, a pilot scheme based on an information campaign and the location of a specific brown container for biowaste in specific zones of the city was carried out in Castellón de la Plana (Spain) over a period of six months. In this period, the collection and composition of the biowaste was monitored in depth with the goal of determining the evolution of the efficiency of the new collection system over time. Results:In the zones, the quality rate in the biowaste container increased as the pilot study progressed, finally reaching 90%. The rate of biowaste separation also increased in the three zones over time, although in different ways, which means that there is greater collaboration on the part of citizens. On the other hand, an analysis of the rate of net biowaste daily collection from zones 2 and 3 has shown that their value increases as the rate of containerization of biowaste decreases. Conclusions:In order to obtain better results in the biowaste quality rate it will be necessary to increase the containerization of biowaste, that is, to reduce the distance from the citizen to the container. It can thus be said that there is a positive evolution of the experience, which boosts confidence when it comes to implementing the system throughout the city.
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Cold Tolerance in Rice under Germination Stage by Whole Genome Resequencing and Analysis of Candidate Genes
Authors: Pan Yinghua , Chen Lei , Yang Xinghai , Gao Lijun , Nong Baoxuan , Xia Xiuzhong , Zhang Zongqiong , Huang Chengcui , Dai Gaoxing , Li Danting , Deng Guofu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Low-temperature stress significantly affects rice growth and causes serious loss of yield in temperate and high-altitude areas of the world. Rice lacks cold tolerance (CT) at germination stage, which reduces seedling vigor, hinders crop establishment and crop growth, and even affect direct-seeded rice. A chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population, including 271 lines, was derived from cold-tolerant donor wild rice Y11 (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) crossed with cold-sensitive rice variety GH998 to explore new genetic resource with CT and further investigate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for germination properties under low temperature. The germination rates of Y11 and GH998 were 95% and 73.33%, respectively, under cold stress. The range of variance of the germination rate in the CSSLs was between 0% and 98.33%. In addition, the CSSLs and parents were sequenced via whole genome resequencing. Results showed 33.46, 33.36, and 475.65 Gbp of clean data of GH998, Y11, and CSSLs, respectively. In 12 linkage groups, the general map distance was 941.49 cM, while the average map distance was 0.63 cM. On thebasis of 1484 bins, a high-density linkage map of the CSSLs was developed. The average distance of the linkage map ranged from 0.42 cM to 1.39 cM. The phenotype of CSSLs under low temperature and 615,466 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between Y11 and GH998 were used for QTL analysis. Two QTLs, namely, low-temperature germination 8 (qLTG8) and qLTG11, were responsible for the germination ability under low temperature in rice. qLTG8 was mapped on chromosome 8, and it explained 14.55% of the total phenotypic variation explained (PVE) during the germination stage. qLTG8 was in 195.5 kb, and 32 genes were predicted based on the Rice Genome Annotation Project. qLTG11 was located on chromosome 11, and it explained 14.31% of the total PVE during the germination stage. qLTG11 was mapped at a narrow distance in 78.83 kb, and only 12 genes fall within this range according to the Rice Genome Annotation Project. The expression patterns of these 32 genes in the qLTG8 region demonstrated that LOC_Os08g01120, LOC_Os08g01140, LOC_Os08g01390, LOC_Os08g01170, and LOC_Os08g01380 were highly induced by cold stress in Y11 compared with GH998. The expression patterns of 12 genes in the qLTG11 region suggested that LOC_Os11g32880 and LOC_Os11g32940 were highly induced by cold stress in Y11 compared with GH998. This study provides an effective method, i.e., constructing CSSLs of wild rice, to explore excellent genes of wild rice and create new genetic resources. The results also provide a basis for identifying the genes underlying qLTG8 and qLTG11, indicating that QTL could be used for genetic improvement of CT in cultivar rice.
Characterization of Electronic Properties, Exchange Splitting and Ferromagnetic Arrangement in New Ti-Doped BaO
Authors: Hachemaoui Malika , Meskine Mohamed , Mokaddem Allel , Doumi Bendouma , Mogulkoc Yesim , Tadjer Abdelkader 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We have studied the electronic structures, ferromagnetic properties, half-metallicity and exchange splitting in BaO doped with titanium such as Ba1-xTixO at concentration x = 0.125. The structural parameters of BaO and Ba0.875Ti0.125O compounds are calculated with generalised gradient approximation of Wu and Cohen, while their electronic structures, accurate band gaps and magnetic properties are evaluated by the use of the Tran-Blaha-modified Becke-Johnson potential. The changes of lattice parameter and bulk modulus of Ba0.875Ti0.125O are discussed with respect to the BaO. We have found that the Ba0.875Ti0.125O has a wide half-metallic ferromagnetic gap of 2.701 eV and a half-metallic gap of 0.803 eV with integral Bohr magneton of 2 μB, where its ferromagnetic state is characterised by the main contribution of the direct exchange splitting. Therefore, the Ba0.875Ti0.125O is true half-metallic ferromagnet with spin polarisation of 100 % and appears to be promising material for spintronics applications.
Teaching Self-Assessment of Doppler Ultrasound for Bubble Grading in Divers: Learning Curve, Reliability, and Surveying Precision.
Authors: Fichtner Andreas , Münch Anne , Preuss Denise , Pohl Thomas , Grab Thomas , Fieback Tobias , Koch Thea 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAudio Doppler bubble measurements of SCUBA divers are done in special professional settings to estimate supersaturation and avoid decompression accidents. However, it is unknown whether sports SCUBA divers without medical and ultrasound training can learn audio Doppler self-assessment for reliable bubble grading with a single teaching intervention. Further, it is unknown whether they are able to establish a stable practical skill level after that teaching intervention in order to allow appropriate judgment on decompression stress.MethodsWe taught audio Doppler self-assessment of the subclavian vein and cardiac precordial probe position to 41 divers in a 45-minute standardized training session. Assessment was made of 684 audio Doppler measurements by both the trained divers and a medical professional plus additional 2D-echocardiography as reference. ResultsAll air dives were within normal sports diving limits and decompression bubbles were observable via echocardiography in 32.3% of all measurements. The specificity of audio bubble detection was 96.1% but the sensitivity was low for lower bubble grades, increasing to 25%, 35% and 67% for higher echo-detected bubble grades 3, 4 and 5. The number of attempts to achieve a reliable venous signal within 30 seconds was 13 at the subclavian position and 18 at the precordial position. More bubble positive measurements could be detected at the precordial position for both self and medical professional assessment. The performance level of the taught skill remained stable over six months without further practice.ConclusionAudio Doppler self-assessment can be learned by people without medical and ultrasound training and a reliable venous signal can be achieved after a comparably steep learning curve. However, accurate bubble grading is not possible using audio Doppler as only higher bubble grades can be detected. However, this qualitative finding can be important in self-evaluating decompression stress and potentially help the diver to judge on measures for avoiding decompression accidents.
Moyamoya Syndrome may Result from Psoriasis
Authors: Chen Zhiying , Yu Xiaoqin , Yin Xiaoping , Liu Linghua , Ding Jiayue , Jin Kexin , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the relationship between psoriasis and Moyamoya syndrome, to explore the potential mechanism.Methods: A case series retrospective study analyzed 4 patients confirmed as Moyamoya syndrome by imaging in our hospital from 2017 through 2019; all of them had long-term of psoriasis prior to the Moyamoya syndrome -related stroke onset. The age of psoriasis occurrence and duration, the time and type of Moyamoya syndrome -related stroke onset, blood tests, imaging features, treatment and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Result: The average duration from psoriasis confirmation till the first-time of Moyamoya syndrome -mediated stroke onset was 17 ± 3.56 years. The average age of the initial stroke onset was 58.25 ± 11.52 years, included 3 cases of hemorrhagic and 1case of ischemic strokes. All the Moyamoya syndrome -related stenosis involved bilateral cerebral arteries, Suzuki grade III for 1 case, grade IV for 2 cases, and grade V for 1 case. Abnormal elevated plasma IL-6 were seen in 4 cases. 2 cases had abnormal elevated immunoglobulin E, and 2 cases had thrombocytosis. All the 4 cases underwent medication (antiplatelet agents and psoriasis control agents) instead of surgery. With an average follow-up time of 19 ± 12.35 months, 3 times of transient ischemic attack occurred in 3 patients, respectively and no hemorrhagic event occurred.Conclusion: Psoriasis may be a potential risk factor of Moyamoya syndrome formation. Moyamoya syndrome should be screened when the psoriasis patients presented with neurological symptoms.