bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chia seeds to develop new biodegradable polymers for food packaging: Properties and biodegradability
Authors: Fernandes Sibele S. , Romani Viviane Patrícia , da Silva Filipini Gabriel , G. Martins Vilásia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChia seeds are a promising raw material for the development of biodegradable and edible polymers due to their composition and properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of drying process of chia mucilage (oven and freeze‐drying) and the incorporation of chia oil in films for food packaging. The films were formed by casting using chia mucilage and glycerol. The polymers developed were evaluated by physicochemical properties, microstructure, thermal properties, and biodegradation. The drying process of mucilage and oil incorporation in films affected mainly mechanical and color properties. Freeze‐dried mucilage resulted in superior mechanical performance. Differences were caused by the effect of drying process in the molecular structure of chia mucilage and the incorporation of oil among the polymer chains. Chia mucilage films were completely soluble in water and biodegraded in a short time in soil. These films are promising biodegradable polymers for the development of eco‐friendly food packaging and edible sachets for small pre‐measured portions, preventing environment pollution and facilitating product consumption.
Perspectives in the design and application of composites based on graphene derivatives and bio‐based polymers
Authors: Chen Siyu , Yang Kou , Leng Xuanye , Chen Musen , Novoselov Kostya S , Andreeva Daria V 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo‐dimensional materials (2DMs), especially graphene derivatives, have attracted a wide range of interest in science and technology because of their exceptional physical and chemical properties and large potential application areas in electrochemistry, photonics, bioengineering, electronics and membrane separation fields. Our review focuses on recent advances in the construction of new functional composites using graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and bio‐based macromolecules. The incorporation of bio‐based polymers into GO and rGO nanolayers provides a novel way to tailor the properties of 2DMs. Meanwhile, 2DMs/bio‐based polymer composites are sustainable and biocompatible. Benefiting from the combination of superior properties of both materials, they are endowed with new functions and new application areas. Here, we compare existing fabrication approaches for 2DMs/bio‐based polymer composites. Then, we highlight the properties of composites such as ionic conductivity, molecular transport, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and sustainability. Finally, we discuss recent progress in applications of 2DMs/bio‐based polymer composites for efficient ionic and molecular separation technologies, the construction of energy‐related devices including fuel cells and transistors, and biomedical engineering. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Supportive care for oral cancer survivors in COVID‐19 lockdown
Authors: Ratnasekera Nadisha , Perera Irosha , Kandapolaarachchige Pushpakumara , Surendra Gayan , Dantanarayana Ajith 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveAvailability and accessibility to routine health care services for cancer patients were a cause of concern during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which induced stringent enforcement of lockdown and social distancing in Sri Lanka. Oral cancer patients who have undergone surgery recently encountered problems such as pain, difficulty in swallowing. However, accessing routine treatment and obtaining medication emerged as the most pressing concerns among them. Therefore, we aimed to provide supportive care for affected oral cancer patients.MethodsA rapid situational analysis was conducted among 25‐randomly selected oral cancer patients of an ongoing interventional study aimed at improving life situation of oral cancer patients.ResultsOver‐the‐phone supportive care tailored to the needs of oral cancer patients, provided by a health professional, deemed a simple but helpful intervention.ConclusionsFacilitating patients to navigate the health care system to ensure that they can continue in receiving timely treatment was the most critical aspect of the intervention. Interventions tailored to patients’ needs could offer better supportive care for cancer patients in COVID‐19 pandemic scenario.
Improving the Design and Evaluation of PDV‐Based Cylinder Test Experiments for JWL‐Parameter Determination
Authors: Baust Tobias M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cylinder test experiment is an excellent method to derive Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee‐parameters as the expansion work of the detonation products can be determined from the experimentally observed wall velocity by an analytic approach. However, the physical description of the problem is essential for a precise determination of the expansion work. A useful method to develop and validate such models is to perform hydrodynamic simulations. This work aims to provide an improved analytic model and to introduce a robust and accurate solver design to calculate JWL‐parameters in combination with an optimization of the experimental setup. An extended version of an already accurate literature model is presented, where the air gap is taken into account within the balance equations. Moreover, the surface angle of the cylinder wall is determined from geometric considerations instead of preliminary simulations for conventional explosives. Besides, an own empiric approach for the strain model is introduced, which leads to a smaller deviation between the expansion work from the cylinder test simulation and the calculated expansion work for the underlying equation of state. Regarding the derivation of JWL‐parameters and the determination of the Chapman‐Jouguet‐pressure, the complete workflow, including the global numerical optimization method, is described in detail and the accuracy and robustness of the solver are proven. The entire workflow is validated for different (full‐wall) geometries and conventional explosives to verify that the method scales. Finally, geometric considerations for the placement of the PDV‐gauges are provided to optimize the design and geometry of cylinder test experiments.
Curcumin downregulates the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway and inhibits growth and progression in head and neck cancer cells
Authors: Borges Gabriel Alvares , Elias Silvia Taveira , Amorim Bruna , de Lima Caroline Lourenço , Coletta Ricardo Della , Castilho Rogerio Moraes , Squarize Cristiane Helena , Guerra Eliete Neves Silva 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCurcumin, a polyphenol isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has been studied because of its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiinflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin on head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines and how it modulates the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway. Dose‐response curves for curcumin were established for hypopharynx carcinoma (FaDu), tongue carcinoma (SCC‐9), and keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines and IC50 values were calculated. Cell cycle and cell death were investigated through flow cytometry. Cytoskeleton organization was assessed through phalloidin+FITC staining. qPCR array and western blot were performed to analyze gene and protein expression. Curcumin reduced cell viability in a dose‐dependent and selective manner, induced cell death on SCC‐9 cells (necrosis/late apoptosis: 44% curcumin vs. 16.4% vehicle), and arrested cell cycle at phase G2/M on SCC‐9 and FaDu (G2: SCC‐9—19.1% curcumin vs. 13.4% vehicle; FaDu—37.8% curcumin vs. 12.9% vehicle). Disorganized cytoskeleton and altered cell morphology were observed. Furthermore, curcumin downregulated the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway by modifying the expression of key genes and proteins. These findings highlight the promising therapeutic potential of curcumin to inhibit HNC growth and progression and to modulate the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway.
Electrospray ionization rapid screening sans liquid chromatography column: A sensitive method for detection and quantification of chemicals in animal tissues and urine
Authors: Chakrabarty Shubhashis , Shelver Weilin L. , Smith David J. 
Published: July 2020

RationaleElectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) in conjunction with liquid chromatography (LC) can provide accurate quantitative data, but it is not well‐suited for the rapid screening (RS) of analytes incurred into complex matrices. This study was designed to determine the usefulness of ESI for rapid detection and quantitation of veterinary drugs from complex biological matrices under near real‐time conditions.MethodsNine veterinary drugs or metabolites, clenbuterol, erythromycin, flunixin, 5‐hydroxyflunixin, meloxicam, ractopamine, salbutamol, tylosin and zilpaterol, present in cow urine, sheep urine, sheep tissues (kidney, muscle, liver and lung) or pig kidney, were simultaneously analyzed. A simple sample clean‐up procedure, which included dilution with 10% sodium carbonate followed by extraction with ethyl acetate, was used. For tissues, an additional pre‐extraction with hexane was performed to remove fat prior to MS analysis. Samples were introduced into the mass spectrometer through the LC autosampler, but no chromatographic separation was employed. A Sciex 5600+ triple time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer with a dual‐spray source interfaced with a Shimadzu Nexera LC system was used. Samples were analyzed in positive ion mode.ResultsSample extraction times were typically 10–30 min or less and instrumental analysis time was 1 min/sample. Regression coefficients of matrix‐matched standard curves across all compounds ranged from 0.9701–0.9999 in urine (cow and sheep) and tissues (sheep kidney, liver, lung, muscle and pig kidney). Limits of detection ranged from 0.11 to 2.03 ng/mL across analytes in urine and 0.11 to 8.86 ng/g across tissues. Correlations between RS‐ESI‐MS and LC/MS/MS results were 0.956 to 0.998 for incurred residues of flunixin in cow urine, ractopamine in pig kidney and zilpaterol in sheep urine.ConclusionsRS‐ESI‐MS provided rapid, sensitive, and accurate analyses of nine veterinary drugs from complex matrices with very little sample preparation and produced quantitative data akin to LC/MS/MS.
Data‐driven dimension reduction in functional principal component analysis identifying the change‐point in functional data
Authors: Banerjee Buddhananda , Laha Arnab K. , Lakra Arjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFunctional principal component analysis (FPCA) is the most commonly used technique to analyze infinite‐dimensional functional data in finite lower‐dimensional space for the ease of computational intensity. However, the power of a test detecting the existence of a change‐point falls with the inclusion of more principal dimensions explaining a larger proportion of variability. We propose a new methodology for dynamically selecting the dimensions in FPCA that are used further for the testing of the existence of any change‐point in the given data. This data‐driven and efficient approach leads to a more powerful test than those available in the literature. We illustrate this method on the monthly global average anomaly of temperatures.
Dual pH/ROS‐Responsive Nanoplatform with Deep Tumor Penetration and Self‐Amplified Drug Release for Enhancing Tumor Chemotherapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Li Yongfei , Chen Mie , Yao Bowen , Lu Xun , Song Boyang , Vasilatos Shauna N. , Zhang Xiang , Ren Xiaomei , Yao Chang , Bian Weihe , Sun Lizhu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPoor deep tumor penetration and incomplete intracellular drug release remain challenges for antitumor nanomedicine application in clinical settings. Herein, a nanomedicine (RLPA‐NPs) is developed that can achieve prolonged blood circulation, deep tumor penetration, active‐targeting of cancer cells, endosome/lysosome escape, and intracellular selectivity self‐amplified drug release for effective drug delivery. The RLPA‐NPs are constructed by encapsulation of a pH‐sensitive polymer octadecylamine‐poly(aspartate‐1‐(3‐aminopropyl) imidazole) (OA‐P(Asp‐API)) and a ROS‐generation agent, β‐Lapachone (Lap), in micelles assembled by the tumor‐penetration peptide internalizing RGD (iRGD)‐modified ROS‐responsive paclitaxel (PTX)‐prodrug. iRGD could promote RLPA‐NPs penetration into deep tumor tissue, and specific targeting to cancer cells. After internalization by cancer cells through receptor‐mediated endocytosis, OA‐P(Asp‐API) can rapidly protonate in the endosome's acidic environment, resulting in RLPA‐NPs escape from the endosome through the “proton sponge effect”. At the same time, the RLPA‐NPs micelle disassembles, releasing Lap and PTX‐prodrug. Subsequently, the released Lap could generate ROS, consequently amplifying and accelerating PTX release to kill tumor cells. The in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that RLPA‐NPs can significantly improve the therapeutic effect compared to control groups. Therefore, RLPA‐NPs are a promising nanoplatform for overcoming multiple physiological and pathological barriers to enhance drug delivery.
Efficient Oxygen Evolution and Gas Bubble Release Achieved by a Low Gas Bubble Adhesive Iron–Nickel Vanadate Electrocatalyst
Authors: Dastafkan Kamran , Meyer Quentin , Chen Xianjue , Zhao Chuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSurface chemistry is a pivotal prerequisite besides catalyst composition toward advanced water electrolysis. Here, an evident enhancement of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is demonstrated on a vanadate‐modified iron–nickel catalyst synthesized by a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method, which demonstrates ultralow overpotentials of 274 and 310 mV for delivering large current densities of 100 and 400 mA cm−2, respectively, in 1 m KOH, where vigorous gas bubble evolution occurs. Vanadate modification augments the OER activity by i) increasing the electrochemical surface area and intrinsic activity of the active sites, ii) having an electronic interplay with Fe and Ni catalytic centers, and iii) inducing a high surface wettability and a low‐gas bubble‐adhesion for accelerated mass transport and gas bubble dissipation at large current densities. Ex situ and operando Raman study reveals the structural evolution of β‐NiOOH and γ‐FeOOH phases during the OER through vanadate‐active site synergistic interactions. Operando dynamic specific resistance measurement evidences an accelerated gas bubble dissipation by a significant decrease in the variation of the interfacial resistance during the OER for the vanadate‐modified surface. Achievement of a high catalytic turnover of 0.12 s−1 suggests metallic oxo‐anion modification as a versatile catalyst design strategy for advanced water oxidation.
The Sca-1+ and Sca-1− mouse prostatic luminal cell lineages are independently sustained
Authors: Kwon Oh-Joon , Choi Jong Min , Zhang Li , Jia Deyong , Wei Xing , Li Zhouyihan , Zhang Yiqun , Jung Sung Yun , Creighton Chad J. , Xin Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of the mouse prostate epithelial cell lineages remains incompletely characterized. We show that the Sca-1+ luminal cells at the mouse proximal prostate express Sox2. These cells are replicative quiescent, castration resistant, and do not possess secretory function. We use the Probasin-CreERT2 and Sox2-CreERT2 models in concert with a fluorescent reporter line to label the Sca-1− and Sca-1+ luminal cells, respectively. By a lineage tracing approach, we show that the two luminal cell populations are independently sustained. Sox2 is dispensable for the maintenance of the Sca-1+ luminal cells but is essential for their facultative bipotent differentiation capacity. The Sca-1+ luminal cells share molecular features with the human TACSTD2+ luminal cells. This study corroborates the heterogeneity of the mouse prostate luminal cell lineage and shows that the adult mouse prostate luminal cell lineage is maintained by distinct cellular entities rather than a single progenitor population.
Nonlinear Stochastic Optimal Control with Input Saturation Constraints Based on Path Integrals
Authors: Satoh Satoshi , Kappen Hilbert J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a finite‐time nonlinear stochastic optimal control problem with input saturation as a hard constraint on the control input. The stochastic Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman (SHJB) equation associated with this problem is derived, and a concrete solution method is also presented by extending an iteration framework of path integral stochastic optimal control. This is the first result that provides an optimal feedback control rigorously satisfying the saturation constraint as a solution to the SHJB equation. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Discovering the entrepreneurial micro‐ecosystem: The case of a corporate accelerator
Authors: Banc Constance , Messeghem Karim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFaced with a proliferation of initiatives like corporate accelerators, entrepreneurial ecosystems see emerge new spaces that we can call entrepreneurial micro‐ecosystems. A micro‐ecosystem is a local open system interacting with the entrepreneurial ecosystem and driven by an actor or group of actors capable of fostering dynamics of innovation and entrepreneurship. The literature has tended to focus on the macro and meso levels leaving behind the microlevel and the strategies implemented by the actors that could lead to the creation of micro‐ecosystems. In this study, we consider corporate accelerators, still little studied, as entrepreneurial micro‐ecosystems. We propose to take a structural and strategic approach in order to better understand the attributes and the strategies put in place by these actors from a multilevel approach. A qualitative study was conducted on a corporate accelerator and the results reveal the importance of strategic attributes in terms of legitimacy, coopetition, and business model.
Augmented oxidative stress and reduced mitochondrial function in ageing goat testis
Authors: Majrashi Mohammed , Fujihashi Ayaka , Almaghrabi Mohammed , Fadan Maali , Fahoury Eddie , Ramesh Sindhu , Govindarajulu Manoj , Beamon Haley , Bradford Chastity N. , Bolden‐Tiller Olga , Dhanasekaran Muralikrishnan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecently, there is a significant increase in the commercial use of goat products. Nevertheless, there are very few reports on the characterization of redox biomarkers and mitochondrial function in the goat testis. Therefore, in this study we studied the markers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial functions in the goat testis during the process of ageing. Alterations in the markers of oxidative stress/redox biomarkers (contents of reactive oxygen species, nitrite, lipid peroxide, protein carbonyl, glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, monoamine oxidase) and mitochondrial function (Complex‐I and Complex‐IV activities) were elucidated during the process of ageing. Augmented oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial function were prominent during ageing in the goat testis. Ageing can lead to induction of oxidative stress and decreased production of ATP; however, the prooxidants generated must be effectively removed from the body by the innate antioxidant defence system to minimize the damage to the host tissue. Conversely, the antioxidants cannot completely scavenge the excessive amount of reactive oxygen species produced during ageing or pathological conditions leading to significant cell death and tissue damage. Thus, the use of effective and potent antioxidants in the feed could significantly reduce oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function, resulting in enriched goat health.
Sector showers for hadron collisions
Authors: Brooks Helen , Preuss Christian T , Skands Peter 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In conventional parton showers (including ones based on dipoles/antennae), a given (Born + m)-parton configuration can typically be reached via O(m!) different “shower histories”. In the context of matrix-element-correction and merging procedures, accounting for these histories mandates fairly complex and resource-intensive algorithms. A so far little-explored alternative in the shower context is to divide the branching phase spaces into distinct “sectors”, each of which only receives contributions from a single branching kernel. This has a number of consequences including making the shower operator bijective; i.e., each parton configuration now has a single unique “inverse”. As a first step towards developing a full-fledged matrix-element-correction and merging procedure based on such showers, we here extend the sector approach for antenna showers to hadron-hadron collisions, including mass and helicity dependence.
On AdS7 stability
Authors: Apruzzi Fabio , De Luca G. Bruno , Gnecchi Alessandra , Monaco Gabriele Lo , Tomasiello Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
AdS7 supersymmetric solutions in type IIA have been classified, and they are infinitely many. Moreover, every such solution has a non-supersymmetric sister. In this pa- per, we study the perturbative and non-perturbative stability of these non-supersymmetric solutions, focusing on cases without orientifolds. Perturbatively, we first look at the KK spectrum of spin-2 excitations. This does not exhibit instabilities, but it does show that there is no separation of scales for either the BPS and the non-BPS case, thus proving for supersymmetric AdS7 a well-known recent conjecture. We then use 7d gauged supergravity and a brane polarization computation to access part of the spectrum of KK scalars. The result signals an instability for all non-supersymmetric solutions except those that have a single D8 on each side. We finally look at non-perturbative instabilities, and find that NS5 bubbles make these remaining solutions decay.
Bootstrapping massive quantum field theories
Authors: Karateev Denis , Kuhn Simon , Penedones João 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We propose a new non-perturbative method for studying UV complete unitary quantum field theories (QFTs) with a mass gap in general number of spacetime dimensions. The method relies on unitarity formulated as positive semi-definiteness of the matrix of inner products between asymptotic states (in and out) and states created by the action of local operators on the vacuum. The corresponding matrix elements involve scattering amplitudes, form factors and spectral densities of local operators. We test this method in two-dimensional QFTs by setting up a linear optimization problem that gives a lower bound on the central charge of the UV CFT associated to a QFT with a given mass spectrum of stable particles (and couplings between them). Some of our numerical bounds are saturated by known form factors in integrable theories like the sine-Gordon, E8 and O(N) models.
Emergence of ghosts in Horndeski theory
Authors: Babichev Eugeny 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We show that starting from initial conditions with stable perturbations, evolution of a galileon scalar field results in the appearance of a ghost later on. To demonstrate this, we consider a theory with k-essence and cubic galileon Lagrangians on a fixed Minkowski background. Explicit analytical solutions of simple waves are constructed, on top of which a healthy scalar degree of freedom is shown to be converted onto a ghost. Such a transformation is smooth and moreover perturbations remain hyperbolic all the time (until a caustic forms). We discuss a relation between the ghost and the appearance of closed causal curves for such solutions.