bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Code-switching in online academic discourse
Authors: Lising Loy , Peters Pam , Smith Adam 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
World Englishes are the product of contact between English and other languages in multilingual habitats through
the nativization phase. Yet the actual contexts of code-switching that contribute to the emerging regional variety have scarcely
been described. This research focuses on code-switching among bilingual Filipino students, to illuminate this dynamic phase in
varietal evolution. Using data from an online academic forum, it analyses the code-switching patterns within and between turns in
the discussion, to see how they facilitate or inhibit the mobilization of Tagalog elements into code-mixed English. The data show
intense levels of code-switching especially within individual turns. At the change of turns, the sequentiality principle is often
set aside, and code-switching often involves Tagalog discourse markers and other function words. These include some elements noted
two decades earlier (Bautista 1998) as potential features of evolving Philippine
English, which have never been codified. The new data provide empirical evidence of how non-English elements are progressively
taken up into World Englishes, in interactive use of English among bi-/multilingual speakers.
The inconspicuous substratum
Authors: Mailhammer Robert , Sherwood Stacey , Stoakes Hywel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDescriptions of Australian Aboriginal English list the neutralisation of the Standard English contrast between so-called voiced and voiceless stops as one characteristic feature. This paper reports on the results of an acoustic analysis of data collected in a production task by monolingual speakers of Standard Australian English in Sydney, of Aboriginal English on Croker Island, Northern Territory, and bilingual speakers of Iwaidja/Aboriginal English and Kunwinjku/Aboriginal English on Croker Island. The results show that average values for Voice Onset Time, the main correlate of the “stop voicing contrast” in English, and Closure Duration collected from Aboriginal speakers of English do not significantly differ from that of speakers of Standard Australian English, irrespective of language background. This result proves that the stop contrast is not neutralised by these Aboriginal speakers of English. However, it can be shown that phonetic voicing manifesting itself in Voice Termination Time is a prevalent and characteristic feature of Aboriginal English on Croker Island. This feature aligns Aboriginal English on Croker Island with local Aboriginal languages and differentiates it from Standard Australian English.
Crystallography, orientation relationships and growth behaviour of TiC in wear-resistant steel
Authors: Du Gang 
Published: March 2020

Morphology, growth behaviour and formation mechanism of TiC and its heterogeneous nucleation effect on ferrite in TiC-reinforced wear-resistant steel were theoretically and experimentally investigated. The dimensionless entropy of fusion (Δ Sm/ R) of TiC is calculated to be 2.9, suggesting that TiC exhibits faceted morphology. The size of TiC is about 0.9 μm after solidification according to the kinetic calculations of TiC particle growth, which is consistent with the size of the TiC observed in the experimental steel. Combined with the calculated planar disregistry between TiC and ferrite using the Bramfitt mode and their actual Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship examined by using an EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) technique, it indicates that TiC can serve as a preferred heterogeneous site for ferrite during solidification. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Basketball performance is affected by the schedule congestion: NBA back‐to‐backs under the microscope
Authors: Esteves Pedro T. , Mikolajec Kazimierz , Schelling Xavier , Sampaio Jaime 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTeams experiencing highly competitive densities may be particularly exposed to performance breakdown and injury risk. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between fixture congestion cycles (playing back‐to‐back games, playing on one day's rest, playing on two day's rest, playing on three or more day's rest) and performance of NBA basketball teams. A total of 82 games from all teams participating in NBA 2016/2017 regular season were considered. Game‐related statistics by fixture congestion cycles and game outcome were examined using the Pearson's Chi‐Square test, Discriminant Analysis and Binary logistic regression. The results revealed that the likelihood of winning a game increased significantly from playing back‐to‐back games to having one day rest in between. Shooting efficacy‐related statistics presented a considerable discriminatory power of the different fixture congestion cycles. In conclusion, fixture congestion cycles showed a significant impact on the game outcome and team performance. The findings may add value in the re‐design of game schedules in the NBA as well as inform coaches to critically manage training load in order to enhance performance and reduce the risk of injury.
Effects of tapering on neuromuscular and metabolic fitness in team sports: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vachon Adrien , Berryman Nicolas , Mujika Iñigo , Paquet Jean‐Baptiste , Arvisais Denis , Bosquet Laurent 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurpose: To assess the effects of a taper strategy on neuromuscular and metabolic fitness in team sport athletes, through a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Method: To be included in this meta‐analysis, studies had to involve competitive team sport athletes and a tapering intervention providing details about the procedures used to decrease the training load, as well as competition or field‐based criterion performance and all necessary data to calculate effect sizes. Four databases were searched according to these criteria, which led to the identification of 895 potential studies and the subsequent inclusion of 14 articles. Independent variables were training intensity, volume and frequency, as well as the pattern of taper and its duration. The dependent variable was performance obtained in various neuromuscular and metabolic tests. Results: There was limited evidence of a moderate taper‐induced improvement in repeated sprint ability (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) (95%IC;I2) = 0.41 (0.26–0.55;0%)) and moderate evidence of a moderate increase in maximal power (SMD (95%IC;I2) = 0.44 (0.32–0.56;15%)), change of direction speed (SMD (95%IC;I2) = 0.38 (0.15–0.60;28%)) and maximal oxygen uptake (SMD (95%IC;I2) = 0.76 (0.43–1.09;37%)). Conclusion: Tapering is an effective training strategy to improve maximal power, maximal oxygen uptake, repeated sprint ability and change of direction speed in team sports. However, the literature lacks studies using various tapering strategies to compare their effectiveness and make evidence‐based recommendations. Future original studies should focus on this major issue.
Effect of allopurinol on phosphocreatine recovery and muscle function in older people with impaired physical function: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Witham Miles D , Clarke Clare L , Hutcheon Anita , Gingles Christopher , Gandy Stephen , Priba Lukasz , Nicholas Richard S , Cavin Ian , Sumukadas Deepa , Struthers Allan D , George Jacob 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Allopurinol has vascular antioxidant effects and participates in purinergic signalling within muscle. We tested whether allopurinol could improve skeletal muscle energetics and physical function in older people with impaired physical performance.

Methods
We conducted a randomised, double blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled trial, comparing 20 weeks of allopurinol 600 mg once daily versus placebo. We recruited community-dwelling participants aged 65 and over with baseline 6-min walk distance of &lt;400 m and no contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 20 weeks. The primary outcome was post-exercise phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery rate measured using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the calf. Secondary outcomes included 6-min walk distance, short physical performance battery (SPPB), lean body mass measured by bioimpedance, endothelial function and quality of life.

Results
In total, 124 participants were randomised, mean age 80 (SD 6) years. A total of 59 (48%) were female, baseline 6-min walk distance was 293 m (SD 80 m) and baseline SPPB was 8.5 (SD 2.0). Allopurinol did not significantly improve PCr recovery rate (treatment effect 0.10 units [95% CI, −0.07 to 0.27], P = 0.25). No significant changes were seen in endothelial function, quality of life, lean body mass or SPPB. Allopurinol improved 6-min walk distance (treatment effect 25 m [95% 4–46, P = 0.02]). This was more pronounced in those with high baseline oxidative stress and urate.

Conclusion
Allopurinol improved 6-min walk distance but not PCr recovery rate in older people with impaired physical function. Antioxidant strategies to improve muscle function for older people may need to be targeted at subgroups with high baseline oxidative stress.
Psychophysiological Correlates of Emotional- and Alcohol-Related Cues Processing in Offspring of Alcohol-Dependent Patients
Authors: Dominguez-Centeno I , Jurado-Barba R , Sion A , Martínez-Maldonado A , Castillo-Parra G , López-Muñoz F , Rubio G , Martínez-Gras I 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aims
To determinate if offspring of alcohol-dependent patients (OA) process affective stimuli and alcohol-related cues in a different manner than control subjects do.

Methods
Event-related potentials (early posterior negativity [EPN]/ late positive potential [LPP]) and event-related oscillations (Theta) were obtained by electroencephalographic (EEG) recording during the viewing of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) images with positive, negative and neutral valence, as well as alcohol-related cues. The total sample was comprised of 60 participants, divided into two groups: one group consisted of OA (30) and the control group of participants with negative family history of alcohol use disorders (30).

Results
Theta power analysis implies a significant interaction between condition, region and group factors. Post-hoc analysis indicates an increased theta power for the OA at different regions, during pleasant (frontal, central, parietal, occipital, right temporal); unpleasant (frontal, central, occipital); alcohol (frontal, central, parietal, occipital, right and left temporal) and neutral (occipital) cues. There are no group differences regarding any of the event-related potential measurements (EPN/LPP).

Conclusions
There is evidence of alterations in the processing of affective stimuli and alcohol-related information, evidenced by changes in theta brain oscillations. These alterations are characterized by an increased emotional reactivity, evidenced by increased theta at posterior sites. There is also an increased recruitment of emotion control, which could be a compensation mechanism, evidenced by increased theta power at anterior sites during affective stimuli and alcohol cues.
SG-LSTM-FRAME: a computational frame using sequence and geometrical information via LSTM to predict miRNA–gene associations
Authors: Xie Weidun , Luo Jiawei , Pan Chu , Liu Ying 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMotivationMircroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate target genes and are responsible for lethal diseases such as cancers. Accurately recognizing and identifying miRNA and gene pairs could be helpful in deciphering the mechanism by which miRNA affects and regulates the development of cancers. Embedding methods and deep learning methods have shown their excellent performance in traditional classification tasks in many scenarios. But not so many attempts have adapted and merged these two methods into miRNA–gene relationship prediction. Hence, we proposed a novel computational framework. We first generated representational features for miRNAs and genes using both sequence and geometrical information and then leveraged a deep learning method for the associations’ prediction.ResultsWe used long short-term memory (LSTM) to predict potential relationships and proved that our method outperformed other state-of-the-art methods. Results showed that our framework SG-LSTM got an area under curve of 0.94 and was superior to other methods. In the case study, we predicted the top 10 miRNA–gene relationships and recommended the top 10 potential genes for hsa-miR-335-5p for SG-LSTM-core. We also tested our model using a larger dataset, from which 14 668 698 miRNA–gene pairs were predicted. The top 10 unknown pairs were also listed.AvailabilityOur work can be download in https://github.com/Xshelton/SG_LSTMContactluojiawei@hnu.edu.cnSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Briefings in Bioinformatics online.
LogoJS: a Javascript package for creating sequence logos and embedding them in web applications
Authors: Pratt Henry , Weng Zhiping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Summary
Sequence logos were introduced nearly 30 years ago as a human-readable format for representing consensus sequences, and they remain widely used. As new experimental and computational techniques have developed, logos have been extended: extra symbols represent covalent modifications to nucleotides, logos with multiple letters at each position illustrate models with multi-nucleotide features and symbols extending below the x-axis may represent a binding energy penalty for a residue or a negative weight output from a neural network. Web-based visualization tools for genomic data are increasingly taking advantage of modern web technology to offer dynamic, interactive figures to users, but support for sequence logos remains limited. Here, we present LogoJS, a Javascript package for rendering customizable, interactive, vector-graphic sequence logos and embedding them in web applications. LogoJS supports all the aforementioned logo extensions and is bundled with a companion web application for creating and sharing logos.

Availability and implementation
LogoJS is implemented both in plain Javascript and ReactJS, a popular user-interface framework. The web application is hosted at logojs.wenglab.org. All major browsers and operating systems are supported. The package and application are open-source; code is available at GitHub.

Contact
zhiping.weng@umassmed.edu

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Pyuria in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Hooton Thomas M , Roberts Pacita L , Stapleton Ann E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyuria in healthy women often trigger inappropriate antimicrobial treatment, but there is a paucity of data on their prevalence and persistence.

Methods
To evaluate the prevalence and persistence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyuria in women at high risk of recurrent urinary tract infection, we conducted an observational cohort study in 104 healthy premenopausal women with a history of recurrent urinary tract infection with daily assessments of bacteriuria, pyuria, and urinary symptoms over a 3-month period.

Results
The mean age of participants was 22 years, and 74% were white. Asymptomatic bacteriuria events (urine cultures with colony count ≥105 CFU/mL of a uropathogen on days with no symptomatic urinary tract infection diagnosed) occurred in 45 (45%) women on 159 (2.5%) of 6283 days. Asymptomatic bacteriuria events were most commonly caused by Escherichia coli, which was present on 1.4% of days, with a median duration of 1 day (range, 1–10). Pyuria occurred in 70 (78%) of 90 evaluable participants on at least 1 day and 25% of all days on which no symptomatic urinary tract infection was diagnosed. The positive predictive value of pyuria for E. coli asymptomatic bacteriuria was 4%.

Conclusions
In this population of healthy women at high risk of recurrent urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria is uncommon and, when present, rarely lasts more than 2 days. Pyuria, on the other hand, is common but infrequently associated with bacteriuria or symptoms. These data strongly support recommendations not to screen for or treat asymptomatic bacteriuria or pyuria in healthy, nonpregnant women.
Sraffa on non-self-replacing systems: a note
Authors: Ravagnani Fabio 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In two passages of Production of Commodities, Sraffa states very concisely that the analysis presented also applies to viable economic systems in which the means of production consumed are not fully replaced. This aspect of the book has been nearly ignored for a long time, and, only in the last two decades have some scholars begun to discuss it in depth. These scholars, however, base their discussion on the terse references to non-self-replacing systems appearing in Sraffa’s published works—except for a single author, who also takes into account three brief passages drawn from Sraffa’s manuscripts. In the present note, we carry out instead an exhaustive examination of the unpublished manuscripts in order to ascertain as accurately as possible what exactly Sraffa’s position was concerning the nature and relevance of non-self-replacing systems. In the light of this examination, we briefly comment in the final section on some debatable aspects of current renditions of Sraffa’s theory.
Education as inefficient resource against depressive symptoms in the Czech Republic: cross-sectional analysis of the HAPIEE study
Authors: Cermakova Pavla , Pikhart Hynek , Kubinova Ruzena , Bobak Martin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Increasing educational level of the population could be a strategy to prevent depression. We investigated whether education may offer a greater benefit for mental health to women and to individuals living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study using data on 6964 Czech participants of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe study (on average 58 years old; 53% women). Binary logistic regression was used to examine the association of education with depressive symptoms, adjusting for several groups of covariates. Interactions were tested between education and sex as well as between education and socioeconomic advantage of the area of residence.

Results
Higher education was strongly associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, independently of sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior and somatic diseases. This association was attenuated after adjusting for other markers of individual socioeconomic position (work activity, material deprivation and household items). There were no interactions between education and either sex or socioeconomic advantage of the area of residence.

Conclusions
We did not find an independent association between education and depressive symptoms after controlling for other socioeconomic markers in a sample with a formative history of communistic ideologies. Women or individuals from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas do not seem to gain a larger mental health benefit from education.
Estimating Price Dynamics in the Aftermath of Forest Disturbances: The Biscuit Fire in Southwest Oregon
Authors: Zhai Jun , Kuusela Olli-Pekka 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Catastrophic forest disturbances, such as wildfires, insect outbreaks, and hurricanes, have become more frequent in recent decades. Such disturbances can create supply disruptions in regional timber markets, with potentially significant short-run and long-run price effects. We review the time-series intervention models that have been used to analyze the impacts of forest disturbances. We apply the intervention models to investigate the market effects of the Biscuit Fire that burned nearly 500,000 acres (202,000 hectares) of forest land in southwest Oregon in 2002, thus creating an unexpected supply shock in the regional timber markets. Most of the burned area was located on federal lands. Although almost two billion board feet were available for harvesting by some estimates, the salvage logging on public lands after the Biscuit Fire amounted to 60 million board feet by the end of 2005. We use a univariate and reduced-form model to estimate the effect of the Biscuit Fire on regional Douglas-fir log markets. We find that the fire did not cause immediate price effects; however, we detect positive effects during the salvage logging period in some of the markets, whereas a negative long-run effect has persisted since the salvage logging period was completed.
How Accumulated Wealth Affects Driving Reduction and Cessation
Authors: Vivoda Jonathon M , Walker Ryan Michael , Cao Jiawei , Koumoutzis Athena 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older adults can expect to live between 6 and 10 years after they give up driving, but driving reduction and cessation (DRC) are not equally experienced by all groups. Individual characteristics such as poor health, impaired vision, older age, and female gender are known to affect DRC. Using cumulative disadvantage theory as a guide, this study assessed the role played by wealth in DRC among older adults.

Research Design and Methods
Data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression techniques. This allowed for the effect of each predictor on the odds of engagement in a given driving status (full driving, driving reduction [DR], and driving cessation [DC]) to be compared to each of the others.

Results
The final sample included 6,387 participants. After controlling for the effect of covariates, less wealth was associated with higher odds of DR compared to full driving, DC compared to full driving, and DC compared to DR. Confirming previous research, several other factors were also significantly related to driving status including age, health, vision, gender, race, education, relationship status, household size, and work status.

Discussion and Implications
The influence of wealth on driving status among older adults represents another disadvantage unequally distributed to some in older adulthood. Those with less wealth will have fewer resources to meet their mobility needs using alternatives and may already be facing additional financial constraints due to worse health and other challenges associated with lower socioeconomic status.
*-DCC: A platform to collect, annotate, and explore a large variety of sequencing experiments
Authors: Hörtenhuber Matthias , Mukarram Abdul K , Stoiber Marcus H , Brown James B , Daub Carsten O 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Over the past few years the variety of experimental designs and protocols for sequencing experiments increased greatly. To ensure the wide usability of the produced data beyond an individual project, rich and systematic annotation of the underlying experiments is crucial.

Findings
We first developed an annotation structure that captures the overall experimental design as well as the relevant details of the steps from the biological sample to the library preparation, the sequencing procedure, and the sequencing and processed files. Through various design features, such as controlled vocabularies and different field requirements, we ensured a high annotation quality, comparability, and ease of annotation. The structure can be easily adapted to a large variety of species. We then implemented the annotation strategy in a user-hosted web platform with data import, query, and export functionality.

Conclusions
We present here an annotation structure and user-hosted platform for sequencing experiment data, suitable for lab-internal documentation, collaborations, and large-scale annotation efforts.