bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing employee strengths at work and scale development
Authors: Bhatnagar Vikas Rai 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThere is a compelling need for developing constructs in management science for higher relevance rather than adapting constructs developed in other domains and applying them in organizations. An inquiry in the relevance of the construct of strength developed in personality psychology and applied to organizations is compelling, as deploying strengths leads to humanizing organizations. With growing disengagement of employees at work, this study makes a significant contribution by conceptualizing strengths in the context of organizations and carrying out two studies on independent samples for developing a psychometrically validated 14-item scale for measuring it.Design/methodology/approachThe study has two phases. The first phase is conceptual in nature where the authors deploy the social systems theory and use recent empirical research evidence in conceptualizing the construct of employee strengths at work (ESAW). In the second phase, the author carry out two studies on independent samples for ascertaining the factor structure by carrying out EFA and then confirming it by doing a confirmatory factor analysis.FindingsThe construct of ESAW, relevant for management science, has five factors: potential deployment, person-jot fit, managerial sensitivity, prompt assimilation and joy. The psychometrically validated scale for measuring ESAW developed in this study has 14 items. Because the construct incorporates key contextual factors, it is more relevant to organizational science and contributes to humanizing organizations.Originality/valueThis study evolves the construct of ESAW from a predominantly trait-based approach to a conceptualization that accounts for the contextual factors, essential for enabling strengths of employees to manifest. The study contributes to advancing literature that holds promise for humanizing organizations – a pressing need because of the growing instances of employee disengagement. The author develop a 14-item psychometrically validated scale for measuring ESAW that the practitioners can use in first assessing current levels of employee strengths’ deployment and thereafter intervening for increasing the deployment of their strengths for enabling higher well-being and superior performance.
The FloR master regulator controls flotation, virulence and antibiotic production in Serratia sp. ATCC 39006
Authors: Quintero‐Yanes Alex , Lee Chin Mei , Monson Rita , Salmond George 
Published: April 2020

SummarySerratia sp. ATCC 39006 produces intracellular gas vesicles to enable upward flotation in water columns. It also uses flagellar rotation to swim through liquid and swarm across semi‐solid surfaces. Flotation and motility can be co‐regulated with production of a β‐lactam antibiotic (carbapenem carboxylate) and a linear tripyrrole red antibiotic, prodigiosin. Production of gas vesicles, carbapenem and prodigiosin antibiotics, and motility are controlled by master transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulators, including the SmaI/SmaR‐based quorum sensing system and the mRNA binding protein, RsmA. Recently, the ribose operon repressor, RbsR, was also defined as a pleiotropic regulator of flotation and virulence factor elaboration in this strain. Here, we report the discovery of a new global regulator (FloR; a DeoR family transcription factor) that modulates flotation through control of gas vesicle morphogenesis. The floR mutation is highly pleiotropic, down‐regulating production of gas vesicles, carbapenem and prodigiosin antibiotics, and infection in Caenorhabditis elegans, but up‐regulating flagellar motility. Detailed proteomic analysis using TMT peptide labelling and LC–MS/MS revealed that FloR is a physiological master regulator that operates through subordinate pleiotropic regulators including Rap, RpoS, RsmA, PigU, PstS and PigT.
Language and reading development in children learning English as an additional language in primary school in England
Authors: Dixon Chris , Thomson Jenny , Fricke Silke 
Published: April 2020

Children learning English as an additional language (EAL) are a growing population of learners in English primary schools. These children begin school with differing levels of English language proficiency and tend to underperform in relation to their non‐EAL peers on measures of English oral language and reading. However, little work has examined the developmental trajectories of these skills in EAL learners in England. EAL learners and 33 non‐EAL peers in Year 4 (age 8–9 years) were assessed at three time points over 18 months on measures of oral language (vocabulary, grammar and listening comprehension), phonological processing (spoonerisms and rapid automatised naming) and reading skills (single‐word decoding and passage reading). At t1, EAL learners scored significantly lower than non‐EAL peers in receptive and expressive vocabulary (breadth but not depth), spoonerisms and passage reading accuracy. Contrary to previous research, no significant group differences were found in listening or reading comprehension skills. With the exception of passage reading accuracy, there was no evidence for convergence or divergence between the groups in rate of progress over time. After three years of English‐medium classroom instruction, EAL learners continue to underperform relative to their non‐EAL peers in breadth of English vocabulary knowledge. This discrepancy in vocabulary knowledge does not appear to narrow as a result of regular classroom instruction in the run up to the final stages of primary school, pinpointing vocabulary as a key target for intervention.
Medium cut‐off dialyzers in a large population of hemodialysis patients in Colombia: COREXH registry
Authors: Bunch Alfonso , Sanchez Ricardo , Nilsson Lars‐Göran , Bernardo Angelito A. , Vesga Jasmin I. , Ardila Fredy , Guerrero Ivan M. , Sanabria Rafael M. , Rivera Angela S. ,   the Colombian Registry of Expanded Hemodialysis investigators
Published: April 2020

AbstractExpanded hemodialysis (HDx) provides increased clearance of conventional and large middle molecules through innovative medium cutoff (MCO) membranes. However, there is a paucity of real‐world data regarding the benefits and safety of HDx. This large observational study evaluated outcomes among patients in Colombia undergoing HDx at a extended dialysis clinical services provider. This was a prospective single cohort study of prevalent patients who were treated with HDx; baseline information was collected from the most recent data before patients were started on HDx. Patients were followed prospectively for 1 year for changes in serum albumin and other laboratory parameters compared with the baseline. Survival, hospitalization and safety were assessed from the start of HDx. A total of 1000 patients were invited to enroll; 992 patients met the inclusion criteria for data analysis and 638 patients completed the year of follow‐up. Seventy‐four (8%) patients died during 866 patient‐years (PY) of follow‐up; the mortality rate was 8.54 deaths/100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.8‐10.7). There were 673 hospitalization events with a rate of 0.79 events/PY (95% CI, 0.73‐0.85) with 6.91 hospital days/PY (95% CI, 6.74‐7.09). The observed variability from baseline and maximum average change in mean serum albumin levels were −1.8% and −3.5%, respectively. No adverse events were related to the MCO membrane. HDx using an MCO membrane maintains stable serum albumin levels and is safe in terms of nonoccurrence of dialyzer related adverse events.
Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 alleviates DSS‐induced colitis by modulating immunological profiles, the gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acid levels in a mouse model
Authors: Bian Xiaoyuan , Yang Liya , Wu Wenrui , Lv Longxian , Jiang Xianwan , Wang Qing , Wu Jingjing , Li Yating , Ye Jianzhong , Fang Daiqiong , Shi Ding , Wang Kaicen , Wang Qiangqiang , Lu Yanmeng , Xie Jiaojiao , Xia Jiafeng , Li Lanjuan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThe gut microbiota is considered a key factor in pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The bacterium Pediococcus pentosaceus LI05 alleviated host inflammation by maintaining the gut epithelial integrity, modulating the host immunity, gut microbiota and metabolism, but its effect on IBD remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms of P. pentosaceus LI05. Mice were administered P. pentosaceus LI05 or phosphate‐buffered saline once daily by oral gavage for 14 days, and colitis was induced by providing mice 2% DSS‐containing drinking water for 7 days. P. pentosaceus LI05 ameliorated colitis in mice and reduced the body weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length shortening, intestinal permeability and the proinflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, a significantly altered gut microbiota composition with increased diversity and short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production was observed in mice treated with P. pentosaceus LI05. Several genera, including Akkermansia and Faecalibacterium, were differentially enriched in the P. pentosaceus LI05‐treated mice and were negatively correlated with colitis indices and positively correlated with gut barrier markers and SCFA levels. The P. pentosaceus LI05 treatment alleviated intestinal inflammation by maintaining the intestinal epithelial integrity and modulating the immunological profiles, gut microbiome and metabolite composition. Based on our findings, P. pentosaceus LI05 might be applied as potential preparation to ameliorate colitis.
PML2‐mediated thread‐like nuclear bodies mark late senescence in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome
Authors: Wang Ming , Wang Lulu , Qian Minxian , Tang Xiaolong , Liu Zuojun , Lai Yiwei , Ao Ying , Huang Yinghua , Meng Yuan , Shi Lei , Peng Linyuan , Cao Xinyue , Wang Zimei , Qin Baoming , Liu Baohua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractProgerin accumulation disrupts nuclear lamina integrity and causes nuclear structure abnormalities, leading to premature aging, that is, Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). The roles of nuclear subcompartments, such as PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs), in HGPS pathogenesis, are unclear. Here, we show that classical dot‐like PML NBs are reorganized into thread‐like structures in HGPS patient fibroblasts and their presence is associated with late stage of senescence. By co‐immunoprecipitation analysis, we show that farnesylated Progerin interacts with human PML2, which accounts for the formation of thread‐like PML NBs. Specifically, human PML2 but not PML1 overexpression in HGPS cells promotes PML thread development and accelerates senescence. Further immunofluorescence microscopy, immuno‐TRAP, and deep sequencing data suggest that these irregular PML NBs might promote senescence by perturbing NB‐associated DNA repair and gene expression in HGPS cells. These data identify irregular structures of PML NBs in senescent HGPS cells and support that the thread‐like PML NBs might be a novel, morphological, and functional biomarker of late senescence.
If They Endorse It, I Can't Trust It: How Outgroup Leader Endorsements Undercut Public Support for Civil War Peace Settlements
Authors: Haas Nicholas , Khadka Prabin B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCivil wars are a greater source of violence than any other type of conflict, yet little is known about one of the key determinants of civil war peace settlement success: civilian support. We evaluate how a core component of nearly all peace settlements, leader endorsements, affects public support. We predict that individuals in conflict settings will view settlements endorsed by outgroup leaders as less trustworthy and that they will become less supportive. We conduct an endorsement experiment with nearly 1,000 respondents in South Sudan in 2016, taking advantage of a brief cessation in a devastating civil war. Public support for a tentative settlement drops precipitously when it is endorsed by an outgroup leader but does not increase when it is endorsed by an ingroup leader. We find suggestive evidence that effects are strongest for individuals with the greatest reason to fear outgroup leaders: those whose communities were targeted most violently by that outgroup.
Quality of life of children aged 8‐12 years undergoing food allergy oral immunotherapy: Child and parent perspective
Authors: Epstein‐Rigbi Na'ama , Goldberg Michael R. , Levy Michael B. , Nachshon Liat , Elizur Arnon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundOral immunotherapy (OIT) for food allergy improves the quality of life (QOL) of children from parental perspective but little is known about the child perception.MethodsThe Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire—Child Form (FAQLQ‐CF) was administered to children aged 8‐12 years, and the FAQLQ—Parent Form (FAQLQ‐PF) was administered to their parents at the start of OIT for milk, egg, peanut, sesame, or tree nuts, at the end of up‐dosing, and after 6 months of follow‐up. Food‐allergic children not undergoing OIT served as controls. Children QOL scores were compared to their parents.ResultsThe total FAQLQ‐CF score of 103 children undergoing OIT improved significantly from start of OIT (median (IQR); 4.8, 3.8‐5.7) to end of up‐dosing (3.9, 3‐5.2) (P < .001). A greater improvement was noted in the 56 children who reached a follow‐up visit, from 5.0 (3.7‐5.8) at OIT start to 3.1 (1.8‐5.0) on follow‐up, (P < .001). In contrast, FAQLQ‐CF scores of control patients improved mildly and nonsignificantly between the two time points from 5.3 (4.3‐5.7) to 4.8 (3.6‐6.0), (P = .13). The improvement in the total FAQLQ‐CF scores from OIT start to follow‐up was significantly greater compared to the change in control patients during observation (P = .015). Parents reported better QOL scores compared to their children at all stages of OIT (start 4.0, 3.2‐5, P = .004; end of up‐dosing 2.9, 1.9‐4.7, P = .04; follow‐up 2.2, 1.6‐3.6, P = .003).ConclusionsQOL of food‐allergic children undergoing OIT improves significantly compared to controls. Parents perceive QOL to be better than the perception of the children.
Ocular findings and growth in 5‐year‐old preterm children born to mothers with preeclampsia
Authors: Lind Alexandra , Dahlgren Jovanna , Morán Amanda , Allvin Kerstin , Raffa Lina , Nilsson Josefin , Aring Eva , Andersson Grönlund Marita 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate growth, blood pressure and ophthalmological status in preschool children born preterm to mothers with preeclampsia.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study, 78 children (34 girls) born preterm without retinopathy of prematurity were examined regarding length/height, weight, head circumference and insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) at birth and at 5 years of age. At 5 years, IGF‐binding protein 3 and blood pressure were also measured. A detailed ophthalmological examination including ocular dimensions, fundus morphology, visual fields, visual evoked potentials and perceptual visual dysfunction was performed. Children born to preeclamptic mothers (n = 24) were compared to children with non‐preeclamptic mothers (n = 54).ResultsChildren exposed to preeclampsia had lower weight (p = 0.0002, mean difference −1.46, 95% CI −2.09; −0.83), length (p = 0.013, −1.10, 95% CI −1.92; −0.23) and IGF‐I levels (p = 0.0002, −26.0, 95% CI −36.0; −16.1) at birth compared to non‐exposed children. At 5 years of age, the preeclamptic group had larger optic cup areas (p = 0.0006, 0.32, 95% CI 0.15; 0.46, in right eye, p = 0.049, 0.18, 95% CI 0.001; 0.35, in left eye). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding other ophthalmological findings or blood pressure. Children with reduced eye motility had lower neonatal IGF‐I levels (p = 0.033, 15.5, 95% CI 1.1; 30.3).ConclusionPreeclampsia was shown to affect growth and IGF‐I levels, confirming previous studies. Children exposed to preeclampsia were shown to have larger optic cup areas. Furthermore, lower neonatal IGF‐I levels were seen in preterm children with reduced eye motility at 5 years of age.
Editorial: low population mortality from COVID‐19 in countries south of latitude 35 degrees North—supports vitamin D as a factor determining severity. Authors' reply
Authors: Garg Mayur , Al‐Ani Aysha , Mitchell Hannah , Hendy Philip , Christensen Britt 
Published: April 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Al‐Ani et al and Rhodes et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15779 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15777.
Amoxicillin‐induced crystal nephropathy: A nationwide French pharmacovigilance databases study
Authors: Thomas Laure , Le Beller Christine , Trenque Thierry , Michot Joëlle , Zenut Marie , Letavernier Emmanuel , Mongardon Nicolas , Vodovar Dominique 
Published: April 2020

AimsAmoxicillin (AMX)‐induced crystal nephropathy (AICN) is a rarely reported adverse drug reaction (ADR) but its increase has been recently reported in the Paris area. Our aim was to investigate the incidence, characteristics and outcome of AICN in France.MethodsRetrospective analysis of all AICN cases reported to the French National Pharmacovigilance Database and the Marketing Authorization Holders Pharmacovigilance Database. AICN notification rate was compared to intravenous AMX and AMX–clavulanate sales.ResultsIn total, 101 AICN cases were included. Intravenous AMX/AMX–clavulanate was prescribed as surgical prophylaxis (32 surgical patients) or to treat infection (69 medical patients). AKI KDIGO stage 3 was observed in 70 patients and 24/70 patients required renal replacement therapy and/or intensive care unit admission. The annual notification rate of AICN was increased by a factor of 13 since 2010 (6 [0;7] and 77 [24;111] cases per 100 000 patient‐years of exposure, before and after 2010 respectively; P < .001). In surgical patients, the increase in AICN has been reported since 2010 and was mainly related to inadequate AMX administration. In medical patients, the increase in AICN was observed since 2014. After 2014, medical patients were older (67 [42;77] vs 74 years [64;84] respectively; P < .05) and were treated more frequently for endocarditis (0/20 vs 15/49 respectively; P < .01). A contributing factor was observed or suspected in 62 patients.ConclusionAICN is a severe ADR that dramatically increased in France since 2010. Assessment of AICN contributing factors and AMX drug monitoring in patients receiving high dose of AMX could reduce the risk of AICN.
How we treat older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Frisch Avraham , Rowe Jacob M. , Ofran Yishai 
Published: April 2020

SummaryAfter decades when intensive chemotherapy remained the only effective anti‐acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treatment, a torrent of novel, less toxic agents are about to revolutionise AML therapy. Prolonged remissions with good quality of life become achievable for many patients previously considered only for palliative care because they could not tolerate intensive therapy. As treatment options multiply, the importance of genetic profile is recognised, even for advanced‐age patients for whom cure is unlikely. With lack of randomised comparative trials for most treatment regimens, one can only extrapolate data from existing studies to make evidence‐based decisions. We herein present seven common clinical scenarios illustrating the complexity of treating older AML patients and describe our approach to their management. In each case, up‐to‐date data on relevant agents to be offered to a particular patient are discussed. The current review is limited to the drugs, available and approved in the Western world and many promising agents, still under investigation, are not discussed.
Inflammation induces developmentally regulated sumatriptan inhibition of spinal synaptic transmission
Authors: Winters Bryony L. , Jeong Hyo‐Jin , Vaughan Christopher W. 
Published: April 2020

Background and PurposeWhile triptans are used to treat migraine, there is evidence that they also reduce inflammation‐induced pain at the spinal level. The cellular mechanisms underlying this spinal enhancement are unknown. We examined whether inflammation alters sumatriptan modulation of synaptic transmission in the rat spinal dorsal horn.Experimental ApproachThree to four days following intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or saline, whole cell recordings of evoked glutamatergic EPSCs were made from lumbar lamina I–II dorsal horn neurons in rat spinal slicesKey ResultsIn 2‐ to 3‐week‐old animals, sumatriptan reduced the amplitude of evoked EPSCs and this was greater in slices from CFA, compared to saline‐injected rats. In CFA‐injected animals, sumatriptan increased the paired pulse ratio of evoked EPSCs and reduced the rate of spontaneous miniature EPSCs. The 5‐HT1B and 5‐HT1D agonists CP9 3129 and PNU109291 both inhibited evoked EPSCs in CFA but not saline‐injected rats. By contrast, the 5‐HT1A agonist R(+)‐8‐OH‐DPAT inhibited evoked EPSCs in saline but not CFA‐injected rats. In CFA‐injected rats, the sumatriptan‐induced inhibition of evoked EPSCs was reduced by the 5‐HT1B and 5‐HT1D antagonists NAS181 and BRL‐15572. Intriguingly, the difference in sumatriptan inhibition between CFA and saline‐injected animals was only observed in animals less than 4 weeks old.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese findings indicate that inflammation induces a developmentally regulated 5‐HT1B/1D presynaptic inhibition of excitatory transmission into the rat superficial dorsal horn. Thus, triptans could potentially act as spinal analgesic agents for inflammatory pain in the juvenile setting.
Plastin 1 drives metastasis of colorectal cancer through the IQGAP1/Rac1/ERK pathway
Authors: Zhang Tongtong , Wang Zheng , Liu Yanjun , Huo Yongxu , Liu Hongtao , Xu Chenxin , Mao Rui , Zhu Yifang , Liu Lei , Wei Danfeng , Liu Guanzhi , Pan Biran , Tang Yan , Zhou Zheng , Yang Chunlei , Guo Yuanbiao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTumor metastasis is the dominant cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and it often involves dysregulation of various cytoskeletal proteins. Plastin 1 (PLS1) is an actin‐bundling protein that has been implicated in the structure of intestinal epithelial microvilli; however, its role in CRC metastasis has not yet been determined. In this study, we demonstrated that PLS1 is highly expressed in 33.3% (45/135) of CRC patients and is correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, PLS1 induced the migration and invasion of CRC cells and the metastases to the liver and lung in mice. Moreover, the expressions of key factors for CRC metastases, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and 2, were enhanced by PLS1, which was dependent on phosphorylating ERK1/2 activated by IQGAP1/Rac1 signaling. The connection between these signals and PLS1 was further confirmed in CRC tissues of patients and the metastatic nodules from a mouse model. These findings suggest that PLS1 promotes CRC metastasis through the IQGAP1/Rac1/ERK pathway. Targeting PLS1 may provide a potential approach to inhibit the metastasis of CRC cells.