bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status and Decline Causes of Fish Diversity of Bhawal Beel, Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Mst. Armina , Kunda Mrityunjoy , Mazumder Sabuj Kanti 
Published: April 2020

Beel is one of the ancient types and obviously a fascinating one due to its biodiversity and ecological importance in local and national perspective of Bangladesh. The Bhawal beel is one of important beels and excellent habitat for small indigenous species (SIS). The present status and decline causes of Bhawal beel was studied from March 2016 to February 2017. Data collection was carried out from four villages of Achim union under Fulbaria upazila. Questionnaire Interview (QI), Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and cross-check Interview were done to obtain data related to status and decline causes of fishes from the fishermen and resource person. A total of 56 species of fish including prawn under 10 orders and 23 families were recorded from thebeel. Cypriniformes (33.93%) was the most dominant order followed by Siluriformes (21.43%), Perciformes (19.65%), Channiformes (7.14%), Synbranchiformes (7.14%), Decapoda (3.58%), Cyprinodontiformes (1.78%), Osteoglossiformes (1.78%), Beloniformes (1.78%) and Tetraodontiformes (1.78%). Among the recorded families Cyprinidae was the most dominant family contributing 17 species. The availability status of observed species were remarked in four categories and obtained as available (44.64%), seasonal (19.64%), rare (16.08%) and very rare (19.64%). Decline causes like overfishing, use of illegal fishing gear, siltation, katha fishing, and abstraction of water for irrigation, catching of fry and brood fishes, lack of connection of beel with Banar river and absence of proper beel management policy were observed as major threats for fish diversity. About 13species were found threatened (1 critically endangered, 5 endangered and 7 vulnerable) which may extinct in near future due to proper management of the beel fishery. The present study recommends minimizing of all these impediments. Besides Community Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) and beel nurseryis essential to save the valuable fish diversity of Bhawal Beel on which local livelihood depends.
Associated factors with otitis externa in the city of Antsiranana, Madagascar
Authors: Randrianandraina Patrick M. , Razafimahatratra Mamy J. J. , Solo Corinne E. , Valisoa Angelo H. , Razay Nathalie C. , Ramilison Heritsilavo E. , Rakotoarisoa Andriarimanana H. N. 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis externa is common in medical practice. This study aims to identify the contributing factors of otitis externa in the city of Antsiranana, Madagascar.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is an analytical case-control type study, concerning patients with otitis externa, seen from January to July 2019, at the university hospital of place Kabary and at the grand Pavois medical practice, all in Antsiranana. The epidemiological, behavioural and clinical parameters were evaluated. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We included 153 patients, among which 51were cases and 102 controls. The average age was 32.9 years (±19.41). The occurrence of otitis externa was significantly associated with the existence of a history of otitis externa, as well as ear cleaning 4 to 6 times per week (p=0.00; OR=46.17; CI=5.90-361.02). The diabetes exposure ratio was 18.79 in the ‘cases’ (p=0.00; CI=2.27-154.88), this ratio was 10.71 in the event of repeated swimming in pool (p=0.00; CI=2.22-51.70), 3.94 in case of ear cleaning with the cotton swab (p=00; CI=1.34-11, 60), and 2.23 when using headphones (p=0.02; CI=1.05-4.75). The treatment of a previous otological pathology was a protective factor against otitis externa (OR=0.1500, p=0.0159, CI=0.0259-0.8689).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The occurrence of otitis externa is related to well define daily behaviours and to other associated clinical factors. Managing these risk factors is the first step in treatment of otitis externa.</p>
Correlation between brainstem evoked response audiometry with other audiological tests in different types of hearing loss
Authors: Shah Hemal , Kharadi Pramod , Patel Krunal , Jha Sushil , Singh Abhishek Kumar 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is most specific and sensitive test for brain stem dysfunction. It is most important objective method for evaluating peripheral auditory system in neonates, infants, sedated and comatose patients and other person who doesn’t understand the language. Objective of the study was to evaluate correlation BERA with other audiological tests in different types of hearing loss as well as to study variations of wave forms in different types of hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients underwent a complete ENT check up to rule out any actively discharging gears, wax, infection or any middle ear problems. Different audiometric tests: pure tone audiometry (PTA), distortion product otoacoustic emissions, auditory steady-state response (ASSR) and BERA were applied to the patients. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The majority of the patients (32 cases) belonged to the age group of 0-5 years. Maximum cases were of sensorineural hearing loss (60%). ASSR was highly sensitive (85.1%) for estimation of hearing threshold and specificity was 100% (p&lt;0.001). BERA was also highly significant for estimation of hearing threshold (sensitivity: 83%; specificity: 92.3%; p value &lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> BERA has high degree of accuracy in detecting hearing threshold as an objective test but not as much accurate as ASSR. It is more valuable in terms of identification of site and size of the lesion in auditory pathway and identification for the type of the deafness.</p>
Clinicopathological study on aural polyp
Authors: Suraneni Visweswara Rao , Allena Anusha , Gaddipati Vineela 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study of the aural polyp was undertaken to emphasize various causes of the aural polyp and to highlight the importance of histopathology in the management of these cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients who attended the ENT outpatient department with aural polyp were taken for the study. Aural polypectomy was done after clinical, radiological evaluation and examination under the microscope. Tissue was sent for histopathological examination. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common lesion was found to be Inflammatory polyp (50%), followed by cholesteatoma (30%), chronic non-specific inflammation (10%). Others included abscess (6%). One case each of squamous cell carcinoma and glomus were also reported. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Aural polypectomy, followed by histopathological examination, may uncover serious disease processes and will assist in planning further management in extensive diseases. Though inflammatory polyp is the most common cause, vascular and malignant tumors should also be considered while evaluating the case.</p>
Threshold shift validity by documenting sensorineural acuity level: a useful tool for masking
Authors: Kapoor Punnet , Zangmo Nima , Garg L. N. , Saini Anu , Gupta Manish 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Masking dilemma is a condition prevalent whenever there is significant hearing loss in non-test ear and conductive hearing loss in test ear resulting into narrow or non-existent plateau width. Three feasible ways are divulged to circumvent this condition namely, Sensorineural acuity level testing, Fusion Inferred at threshold and use of insert type transducers. Different circumstances encountered when using insert type transducers and Fusion Inferred at threshold test has made it peril to use. Thus, administration of sensorineural acuity level test has been preferred. Sensorineural acuity level test involves computation of individual threshold shifts and its comparison with normal threshold shifts when a maximum level of bone conducted noise is presented at the centre of forehead via bone conduction vibrator. This research study aims to document normal threshold shifts and its validation in individual with bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was carried out among 50 normal individuals and 50 patients with bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss. Pertinent measures were taken to ensure fulfilment of all-inclusive and exclusive criteria. In addition, air conduction and bone conduction threshold were computed using conventional methods followed by administration of sensorineural acuity level test. Necessary comparison was made among the threshold shifts. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Inferences drawn showed closer correlation between sensorineural acuity level threshold and bone conduction thresholds during puretone audiometry.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Sensorineural acuity level test has shown to be effectual in both rehabilitation and medical interventions. Besides, imperative role of an audiologist can be recognized in its administration and elucidation for better prognostication.</p>
Comparison of tonsillectomy by coblation and tonsillectomy by conventional method
Authors: Karathia Neha Mihir , Kansara Atul H. 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Operations on tonsils and adenoids are performed since many years. Tonsillectomy produces an open wound that heals by secondary intention. Tonsillectomy is still a very common surgical procedure. There are various modalities to perform surgery (diathermy, laser, harmonic scalpel, radiofrequency cautery, cryosurgery and coblation). Among these, dissection and snare method are commonly done by ENT surgeons.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We carried out the prospective cross-sectional study to compare intraoperative blood loss, time taken for the surgery, post-operative pain score, degree of slough formation and complications between these two methods. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Average time for surgery on coblation side was less (15.1 min) than conventional side (36.04 min). For haemostasis on conventional side, all patients required bipolar cauterization while on coblation side only 8 patients (16%) required hemostasis. Average blood loss on coblation side (left) was 3.40ml while on conventional side (right) 25.57 ml. In my study, mean pain score on 1st day, 2<sup>nd</sup> day, 5<sup>th</sup> and 10<sup>th</sup> day of surgery was 6.18, 4.10, 2.30 and 1.64 on conventional side and 4.36, 3.00, 1 and 0 on coblation side. In my study, only one patient had Secondary haemorrhage on conventional side on 7<sup>th</sup> day.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The use of coblator reduces the time required for surgery, per-operative blood loss is very much less, chances of damage to surrounding structures are less, charring of tissue is less, post-operative severity of pain after 24 hours is very much less than that of dissection method. Slough formation was more on coblation side as compared to conventional side.</p>
The Study of Service Quality and Relationship Marketing for Engaging Hotels Customer Loyalty
Authors: Shabrina Prameka Adelia 
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect between service quality towards customer loyalty through relationship marketing as intervening in four-star hotel services. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used for analyzing the effect among service quality, relationship marketing and customer loyalty. The result shows there are relations’ effects between service quality on customer loyalty directly and indirectly, how service quality and relationship marketing can engage the customer loyalty hotels. When the guests have a good experience of leisure, they become loyal customer, if hotels provider can engage them using a relationship-marketing program also, not only satisfied with hotel good quality services. Another result shows that service quality is a key direct indicator as measurements of hotels provider to provide the good leisure services and as an experience desired when customer book a hotel for stay.

Keywords: Service quality, relationship marketing, customer loyalty, hotel services, loyalty program
MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: A. Mahfouz Shatha , Awang Zainudin , Muda Habsah , Suriawaty Bahkia Ayu 
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study intends to highlight the importance of Employee Commitment as a bridge between Transformational Leadership and Employee Performance in the construction companies.
Methodology: The respondents were selected randomly from the list of construction workers registered with the construction firms in Jordan. The selected respondents were given a self-administered questionnaire to attend at their own convenient time. The studies employed Structural Equation Modelling in IBM-SPSS-AMOS 24.0 to model and estimate the inter-relationships among the constructs in the study.
Result: The results showed transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on both employee commitment and employee performance. The results also indicated that employee commitment has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. More importantly, the study found that employee commitment partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership style and employee performance.
Applications: The results of his study highlighted the importance of employee commitment in generating their work performance, especially in the construction industry.
Novelty/Originality: At present, the study on the mediating role of employee commitment in the relationship between transformational leadership style and employee performance is limited, especially in the construction industry where the employee commitment is extremely important to ensure the project can be delivered on schedule.
O diálogo entre as vertentes clássica, moderna e contemporânea da Arquivologia
Authors: De Oliveira Costa Alex , Roncaglio Cynthia 
Published: April 2020

O princípio da proveniência e os conceitos de documento de arquivo e organicidade que norteiam a Arquivologia desde o século XIX parecem, pelo menos parcialmente, não serem mais suficientes para explicar e orientar a produção dos documentos arquivísticos contemporâneos. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os argumentos e pressupostos das vertentes clássica, moderna e contemporânea da Arquivologia, que demonstram as particularidades e as contribuições de cada uma. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, de natureza exploratória, analítica e descritiva, na qual o método adotado é o levantamento bibliográfico. O referencial teórico baseou-se na história dos conceitos de Reinhart Koselleck e nos conceitos de ethos científico e discurso. Constatou-se no embate entre diferentes ideias e distintas abordagens, consideradas às vezes antagônicas, que é possível um diálogo entre elas mediante processos de ressignificação dos princípios e conceitos ao longo da própria dinâmica evolutiva da ciência.
Description and Reliability of the AOSpine Sacral Classification System
Authors: Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Divi Srikanth N. , Kepler Christopher K. , Kleweno Conor P. , Krieg James C. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Holstein Jörg H. , Kurd Mark F. , Firoozabadi Reza , Vialle Luiz R. , Oner F. Cumhur , Kandziora Frank , Chapman Jens R. , Schnake Klaus J. , Benneker Lorin M. , Dvorak Marcel F. , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan , Vialle Emiliano N. , Joaquim Andrei F. , El-Sharkawi Mohammad Mostafa , Dhakal Gaurav R. , Popescu Eugen C. , Kanna Rishi M. , Muijs S.P.J. , Tee Jin W. , Bellabarba Carlo 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Several classification systems exist for sacral fractures; however, these systems are primarily descriptive, are not uniformly used, have not been validated, and have not been associated with a treatment algorithm or prognosis. The goal of the present study was to demonstrate the reliability of the AOSpine Sacral Classification System among a group of international spine and trauma surgeons.

Methods:
A total of 38 sacral fractures were reviewed independently by 18 surgeons selected from an expert panel of AOSpine and AOTrauma members. Each case was graded by each surgeon on 2 separate occasions, 4 weeks apart. Intrarater reproducibility and interrater agreement were analyzed with use of the kappa statistic (κ) for fracture severity (i.e., A, B, and C) and fracture subtype (e.g., A1, A2, and A3).

Results:
Seventeen reviewers were included in the final analysis, and a total of 1,292 assessments were performed (646 assessments performed twice). Overall intrarater reproducibility was excellent (κ = 0.83) for fracture severity and substantial (κ = 0.71) for all fracture subtypes. When comparing fracture severity, overall interrater agreement was substantial (κ = 0.75), with the highest agreement for type-A fractures (κ = 0.95) and the lowest for type-C fractures (κ = 0.70). Overall interrater agreement was moderate (κ = 0.58) when comparing fracture subtype, with the highest agreement seen for A2 subtypes (κ = 0.81) and the lowest for A1 subtypes (κ = 0.20).

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, the present study is the first to describe the reliability of the AOSpine Sacral Classification System among a worldwide group of expert spine and trauma surgeons, with substantial to excellent intrarater reproducibility and moderate to substantial interrater agreement for the majority of fracture subtypes. These results suggest that this classification system can be reliably applied to sacral injuries, providing an important step toward standardization of treatment.
Risk factors for parastomal hernia of loop stoma and relationships with other stoma complications in laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Shiraishi Takuya , Nishizawa Yuji , Ikeda Koji , Tsukada Yuichiro , Sasaki Takeshi , Ito Masaaki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic approach is now a widespread technique used worldwide, but there are few recent studies on risk factors for parastomal hernia. Therefore, this study was performed to analyze the incidence of parastomal hernia in laparoscopic and open operations in which a loop stoma was created and was intended to be temporary, and to determine risk factors for parastomal hernia formation. Associations between parastomal hernia and other stoma-related complications were also analyzed.Methods: A retrospective analysis of patient and surgical characteristics was performed in 153 consecutive cases with stoma creation in loop ileostomy or colostomy performed for any intra-abdominal condition at our hospital from January to December 2016.Results: Parastomal hernia developed in 77 cases (50.3%), including 39 (25.5%) diagnosed by physical examination and 38 (24.8%) detected by CT alone. In univariate analysis, a stoma that did not pass through the middle of the rectus abdominis muscle was a significant risk factor for parastomal hernia. This remained as the only independent risk factor for parastomal hernia formation in multivariate analysis. An additional analysis identified a laparoscopic approach as the only independent risk factor for formation of a stoma that did not pass through the middle of the rectus abdominis muscle. An analysis of stoma-related complications showed that peristomal skin disorders were significantly associated with parastomal hernia formation.Conclusions: This study showed that a stoma that is not formed through the middle of the rectus abdominis muscle is a risk factor for parastomal hernia, and that a laparoscopic approach is associated with this risk factor. Moreover, a parastomal hernia is significantly associated with peristomal skin disorders.
Factors associated with child health service delivery by female community health volunteers in Nepal: Findings from a national survey
Authors: Bhattarai Hari Krishna , Khanal Pratik , Khanal Vishnu , Regmi Kiran , Paudel Narendra Raj , Dhakal Liladhar , Singh Samikshya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Nepal has made a significant improvement in child survival in the last few decades and the involvement of female community health volunteers (FCHVs) has been crucial in such achievement. While there have been a lot of documented studies and reports, rarely has been explored the status and factors associated with the child health service provided by these volunteers. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with the child health service delivery by FCHVs.Methods : A national survey was conducted in 2014 in Nepal that included 4,302 FCHVs using the structured questionnaire across the 13 geopolitical domains of the country. The data was extracted and the association of child health services with characteristics was examined using Chi-square test (χ2) followed by logistic regression. Results: Overall, 62.6% of FCHVs provided at least one child health service. Those FCHVs who utilized money from the FCHV fund, conducted health mothers’ group meeting, involved in local committees and those who supported antenatal care and outreach clinics related activities had higher odds of providing child health services. Similarly, FCHVs equipped with the stock of Cotrimoxazole tablet, Zinc tablet, Oral Rehydration Salt packets were more likely to provide child health services. The province-wise analysis showed that FCHVs from Province 5 and Sudur Paschim Province were more likely to provide child health services compared to their counterparts from province 1. Technology-wise, FCHVs who were using mobile were more likely to provide child health services.Conclusions : FCHVs are important human resource in providing child health services in Nepal. To improve child health service delivery by FCHVs, availability of key commodities, involvement of FCHVs in regular health mothers’ group meeting, use of mobile phone, involvement in other public health programs and social networks, and utilization of the FCHV fund need to be taken into consideration.
Concept Analysis of Community Health Outreach
Authors: Shin Hye Young , Kim Ka Young , Kang Purum 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The definition of community health outreach to promote the health of vulnerable populations depends heavily on the particulars of the given health project and community. There is no consistency in the definitions attached to the concept itself. Our study aimed to clarify the general definition of community health outreach to facilitate its understanding and use. Methods: Walker and Avant’s (2010) method of concept analysis was used to understand Community Health outreach. A total of 51 articles were included in the analysis after having searched for text on database portals like PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL complete and EMBASE published between 2010 and 2018. Results: The defining attributes of the concept of community health outreach were purposive, temporary, mobile and collaborative. The antecedents were individuals facing health risks and awareness of health risks. The consequences were increased accessibility and health promotion. Conclusion: This study proposed the definition of community health outreach as a temporary, mobile project that involves the collaboration of a community to undertake its purposeful health intervention of reaching a population facing health risks. This definition provides a general understanding of the outreach undertaken by health workers and enables the strong connection between health professionals and community residents.