bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing of syrinx reduction and stabilization after posterior fossa decompression for pediatric Chiari malformation type I
Authors: Chotai Silky , Chan Emily W. , Ladner Travis R. , Hale Andrew T. , Gannon Stephen R. , Shannon Chevis N. , Bonfield Christopher M. , Naftel Robert P. , Wellons John C. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the timeline of syrinx regression and to identify factors mitigating syrinx resolution in pediatric patients with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) undergoing posterior fossa decompression (PFD).METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of records from pediatric patients (< 18 years old) undergoing PFD for the treatment of CM-I/syringomyelia (SM) between 1998 and 2015. Patient demographic, clinical, radiological, and surgical variables were collected and analyzed. Radiological information was reviewed at 4 time points: 1) pre-PFD, 2) within 6 months post-PFD, 3) within 12 months post-PFD, and 4) at maximum available follow-up. Syrinx regression was defined as ≥ 50% decrease in the maximal anteroposterior syrinx diameter (MSD). The time to syrinx regression was determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Multivariate analysis was conducted using a Cox proportional hazards model to determine the association between preoperative, clinical, and surgery-related factors and syrinx regression.RESULTSThe authors identified 85 patients with CM-I/SM who underwent PFD. Within 3 months post-PFD, the mean MSD regressed from 8.1 ± 3.4 mm (preoperatively) to 5.6 ± 2.9 mm within 3 months post-PFD. Seventy patients (82.4%) achieved ≥ 50% regression in MSD. The median time to ≥ 50% regression in MSD was 8 months (95% CI 4.2–11.8 months). Using a risk-adjusted multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, the patients who underwent tonsil coagulation (n = 20) had a higher likelihood of achieving ≥ 50% syrinx regression in a shorter time (HR 2.86, 95% CI 1.2–6.9; p = 0.02). Thirty-six (75%) of 45 patients had improvement in headache at 2.9 months (IQR 1.5–4.4 months).CONCLUSIONSThe maximum reduction in syrinx size can be expected within 3 months after PFD for patients with CM-I and a syrinx; however, the syringes continue to regress over time. Tonsil coagulation was associated with early syrinx regression in this cohort. However, the role of surgical maneuvers such as tonsil coagulation and arachnoid veil identification and sectioning in the overall role of CM-I surgery remains unclear.
Neutral cervical sagittal vertical axis and cervical lordosis vary with T1 tilt
Authors: Hofler Ryan C. , Muriuki Muturi G. , Havey Robert M. , Blank Kenneth R. , Frazzetta Joseph N. , Patwardhan Avinash G. , Jones G. Alexander 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVEThe authors conducted a study to determine whether a change in T1 tilt results in a compensatory change in the cervical sagittal vertical axis (SVA) in a cadaveric spine model.METHODSSix fresh-frozen cadavers (occiput [C0]–T1) were cleaned of soft tissue and mounted on a customized test apparatus. A 5-kg mass was applied to simulate head weight. Infrared fiducials were used to track segmental motion. The occiput was constrained to maintain horizontal gaze, and the mounting platform was angled to change T1 tilt. The SVA was altered by translating the upper (occipital) platform in the anterior-posterior plane. Neutral SVA was defined by the lowest flexion-extension moment at T1 and recorded for each T1 tilt. Lordosis was measured at C0–C2, C2–7, and C0–C7.RESULTSNeutral SVA was positively correlated with T1 tilt in all specimens. After increasing T1 tilt by a mean of 8.3° ± 2.2°, neutral SVA increased by 27.3 ± 18.6 mm. When T1 tilt was reduced by 6.7° ± 1.4°, neutral SVA decreased by a mean of 26.1 ± 17.6 mm.When T1 tilt was increased, overall (C0–C7) lordosis at the neutral SVA increased from 23.1° ± 2.6° to 32.2° ± 4.4° (p < 0.01). When the T1 tilt decreased, C0–C7 lordosis at the neutral SVA decreased to 15.6° ± 3.1° (p < 0.01). C0–C2 lordosis increased from 12.9° ± 9.3° to 29.1° ± 5.0° with increased T1 tilt and decreased to −4.3° ± 6.8° with decreased T1 tilt (p = 0.047 and p = 0.041, respectively).CONCLUSIONSNeutral SVA is not a fixed property but, rather, is positively correlated with T1 tilt in all specimens. Overall lordosis and C0–C2 lordosis increased when T1 tilt was increased from baseline, and vice versa.
Extraperitoneal Antegrade vs Transperitoneal Open Radical Cystectomy: Single Center Experiences with 200 Cases
Authors: Özkaptan Orkunt , Çubuk Alkan , Dinçer Erdinç , Şahan Ahmet , Kafkaslí Alper , Akça Oktay 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Radical cystectomy (RC) is one of the most complex surgeries and has a high rate of morbidity. Gastrointestinal complications are the most common type of complications. To reduce these complications some modifications have been described. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perioperative outcomes of our extraperitoneal antegrade RC technique (EARTC), where the peritoneum is opened at the end of cystectomy just before of ileal reconstruction. METHODS: Group 1 included 120 patients who were operated with a standard RC technique and Group 2 included 80 patients who were operated with the EARC technique in this study. Groups were compared according to preoperative variables including patient characteristics, perioperative parameters, pathologic data, and postoperative overall and gastrointestinal complications. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of preoperative characteristics and mean operative time. The group 1 has longer time for the exposure of abdominal cavity to the atmosphere ( p < 0.01). Hospitalization time was significantly lower in Group 2 ( p < 0.01). Concerning the rate of 90-day overall perioperative complication, no statistically significant difference was determined between the groups. Gastrointestinal complication was significantly higher in Group 1 ( p:0.048). The average number of removed lymph nodes was similar between the groups ( p:0.85). The time for recovery of bowel function, the time for passage of stool and the rate of postoperative ileus were significantly lower in Group 2 ( p < 0.01, p < 0.01 and p < 0.043) respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EARC provides advantages over the standard technique in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms and poses no disadvantage when the oncological outcome and operative difficulty were considered.
Patient-Derived Urothelial Cancer Xenograft Models: A Systematic Review and Future Perspectives
Authors: Kita Yuki , Saito Ryoichi , Inoue Takahiro , Kim William Y. , Ogawa Osamu , Kobayashi Takashi 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Lack of appropriate models that recapitulate the diversity, heterogeneity, and tumor microenvironment of urothelial cancer (UC) is a limitation to preclinical models. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are a promising tool to overcome some of these issues, and thus we present an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of UC PDX models to aid in their future use. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview on methodology, applications and limitations as well as future perspectives on bladder cancer PDX models. METHODS: Literature searches using PubMed and Web of Science databases were performed for relevant articles according to the following MeSH terms: “urothelial carcinoma(s)” OR “urothelial cancer” OR “urothelial tumor” OR “bladder cancer(s)” OR “bladder carcinoma(s)” OR “transitional cell carcinoma(s)” AND “xenograft(s)” OR “xenotransplant” at December 6th, 2019. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. RESULTS: Of the 49 studies extracted, 41 studies after the year 2000 were finally analyzed. Published studies show that (1) UC PDX platforms retained the histology and genomic characteristics of the corresponding patient tumors. (2) UC PDX can be applied to ask various questions including to study the mechanisms of disease progression and treatment resistance, to develop novel drugs and biomarkers, as well as to potentially realize personalized drug selection. Recent topics of research using PDX have included the development of humanized mice as well as the use of 3D culture to complement some of the limitations of PDX models. CONCLUSIONS: UC PDX models serve as tools for understanding cancer biology, drug development and empowering precision medicine. The improvement of experimental systems using humanized mice to recapitulate the immune microenvironment of tumors will optimize UC PDX to study future questions in the field of immunotherapy.
A five-factor KMS success model: An empirical study
Authors: Nyame Gabriel , Qin Zhiguang 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Knowledge remains an essential intangible resource for competitive advantage in organizations. In the context of knowledge management (KM) strategy, knowledge management systems (KMS) help to manage scattered knowledge and promote knowledge innovation. However, KMS adoption is context-specific and depends on several factors. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a five-factor model and tests empirically the presence support and effectiveness of these factors, which are antecedent to KMS adoption. METHODS: The University of Education, Winneba (UEW) in Ghana, was used as an illustrative case to test the applicability of the model. As regards the data analysis, we collected data from teaching and non-teaching staff using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. We reviewed the extant literature thoroughly to explore the five factors to develop our conceptual model. The factors are management and leadership support (MaLS), knowledge sharing and transfer capability (KSaTC), support of knowledge architecture and infrastructure (SKAaI), knowledge innovation capability (KIC), and knowledge access control policy (KACP). RESULTS: Our study established that SKAaI has a positive and significant relationship with KSaTC, MaLS, and KACP. Also, MaLS correlated positively and significantly with KSaTC, while KSaTC has a significant direct relationship with KIC but an inverse relationship with KACP. Thus, this study is useful to both researchers and practitioners regarding a thorough examination of these factors. CONCLUSIONS: Practitioners and researchers must systematically examine these five factors concerning their extent of the impact, prioritization, and significant contribution to KM strategies.
Norms for Testing Visual Binding Using the Memory Associative Test (TMA-93) in Older Educationally-Diverse Adults
Authors: Rodrigo-Herrero Silvia , Sánchez-Benavides Gonzalo , Ainz-Gómez Leire , Luque-Tirado Andrea , Graciani-Cantisán Eugenia , Sánchez-Arjona María Bernal , Maillet Didier , Jiménez-Hernández María Dolores , Franco-Macías Emilio 
Published: April 2020

Background: TMA-93 examines binding by images, a potential advantage for less-educated individuals. Objective: To obtain norms from older Spanish adults for TMA-93. Methods: A cross-sectional normative study was undertaken in a general neurology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in the Southern Spanish region of Andalusia. Partners of patients who attended the clinic were systematically recruited when eligible: aged 50 and over, no memory complaints, and a total score equal or above percentile 10 on Phototest. Age, gender, and educational attainment were considered as sociodemographic variables. TMA-93 was administered and the total score was registered. Results: The final sample contained 1,131 participants (mean age = 65.7, SD = 9.2), including 305 individuals (27%) who did not completed primary studies. The total score on TMA-93 showed a non-normal, left asymmetric, and leptokurtic distribution (median = 29, interquartile range = 27–30, range = 16–30) mitigated by lower education and older age. Stratified analysis by age and education showed wide variations of the scores for the 5-percentile. Conclusion: TMA-93 runs with a ceiling effect in non-cognitively impaired older Spanish adults. The score for the 5-percentile depends on age and education. The test is feasible for low-educated individuals.
Usefulness of beeswax recycling by-products in the treatment of β-amyloid toxicity in a C. elegans model of Alzheimer
Authors: Romero-Márquez Jose M. , Navarro-Hortal M. Dolores , Varela-López Alfonso , Osta Safa , Zabaleta María Eléxpuru , Rivas-García Lorenzo , Orantes-Bermejo Francisco J. , Fernández-Píñar Cristina Torres , Quiles José L. 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Circular economy aims to get added value from byproducts of agriculture or livestock, including beekeeping. Classically in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillar clews formation have been considered as the main characteristics. However, the role of oxidative stress in the onset and progression of β-amyloid accumulation has been related. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to test the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of five hydrophilic extracts (sample 1–5; S1–S5) from a mud byproduct obtained from the recycling of beeswax using the Caenorhabditis elegans model. METHODS: The antioxidant activity was tested in vitro by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The content of phenols and flavonoids was evaluated by colorimetric procedures. Antioxidant and neuroprotective activities were investigated in vivo using the C. elegans model. RESULTS: The antioxidant capacity of the samples and their content in phenols and flavonoids was demonstrated. Nematodes treated with S1, S2 and S5 showed lower intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide. A neuroprotective activity of S1 extract was demonstrated by a delay in paralysis caused by the accumulation of beta amyloid (Aβ 1–42). CONCLUSIONS: S1 extract exhibits important antioxidant and neuroprotective activities in vivo, which could provide a novel source of natural antioxidants and neuroprotective compounds.
ПРАВОВІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ В РАКУРСІ НОВИХ ЗАГРОЗ ДЛЯ СУСПІЛЬНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ
Authors: М. Вінник О. 
Published: April 2020

Стаття присвячена проблемі мінімізації ризиків цифровізації з метою забезпечення соціального їїспрямування. Явища цифровізації (штучний інтелект, віртуальні підприємства, Інтернет-магазинитощо) розглядаються з точки зору не лише їх переваг, а й можливих негативних наслідків в результатіїх неконтрольованого або недобросовісного використання. Підкреслюється важливість вжиття право-вих засобів, спрямованих на зменшення ризиків цифровізації, та пропонуються відповідні новели до зако-нодавства. Зокрема пропонується закріпити на рівні кодифікаційного акту (щодо цифро візованих від-носин): поняття цифрових прав, принципи використання цифрових технологій та цифро візованих явищв публічних сферах, відповідні завдання держави, включно з подоланням цифрової неграмотності,обов’язкову реєстрацію осіб, відповідальних за використання подібних ресурсів, та основні засади відпо-відальності в цій сфері.
Ключові слова: цифровізація, ризики цифровізації, віртуальні підприємства, штучний інтелект,вдосконалення законодавства.
Avaliação da destreza, coordenação motora e impacto na qualidade de vida em paciente utilizando tecnologia assistiva: um estudo de caso
Authors: Arizi Isabela Victória Fontes , Sales Weslley Barbosa , Tomaz Renata Ramos 
Published: April 2020

Introdução: As amputações são consideradas como a retirada total ou parcial, possuindo causa etiológica traumática ou congênita, que acabam gerando impacto na aceitação corporal do indivíduo, e nas suas relações sociais. As próteses já existentes no âmbito da tecnologia assistiva, e novos modelos, passaram a possuir um extenso valor aquisicional, tornando-se laborioso de serem adquirida. Em decorrência desse fator, empresas como a e –NABLE juntamente com profissionais da área de saúde e engenharia possuem objetivo de fabricar próteses de membro superior de baixo custo, por intermédio da manufatura aditiva. Objetivo: realizar avaliação da destreza, coordenação motora e impacto na qualidade de vida, em paciente utilizando tecnologia assistiva. Metodologia: O presente estudo se caracterizou como um estudo de caso de uma paciente portadora de amputação congênita transradial, que por intermédio do projeto Mãozinhas 3D recebeu uma prótese de baixo custo, onde esta pesquisa possuiu como objetivo através dos procedimentos e testes relatados de avaliar destreza, coordenação motora e qualidade de vida. Resultados e Discussão: Observou-se que o uso da prótese “Cyborg Beast”, não foi de cunho satisfatório para a paciente que apresenta amputação transradial congênita, não ocorrendo a aplicação dos testes esperados. Porém, visto que a paciente apresentou menor pontuação no domínio por aspectos emocionais, no Questionário SF-36, realizado antes da tentativa de protetização. Conclusão: Foi explanado a importância do desenvolvimento de modelos protéticos que atendam essa população, assim como mais estudos que abordem a coordenação motora, destreza manual e qualidade de vida.
Caracterização física e físico-química de Iogurte Caprino Prebiótico Adicionado de Geleia de Mandacaru e Maracujá
Authors: Nóbrega Jéssica Patrícia de Medeiros , Jerônimo Heloísa Maria Ângelo , Ramos Jailton de Araújo , Soares Juliana Késsia Barbosa , Oliveira Maria Elieidy Gomes de , Viera Vanessa Bordin , Martins Ana Cristina Silveira 
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se com a pesquisa, elaborar iogurte caprino prebiótico adiciona de geleia da polpa do fruto de mandacaru e do maracujá e, posteriormente, realizar análises físicas e físico-químicas. Foram processados 2 tratamentos de iogurtes caprinos adicionados de 15% de geleia de mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru) e maracujá (Passiflora edulis Sims.), a citar: IC (Iogurte Caprino Controle), adicionado da cultura starter Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophillus e IPREB (Iogurte Caprino Prebiótico), adicionado da fibra prebiótica oligofrutose (FOS), além da cultura starter. Os tratamentos foram submetidos a análises físicas e físico-químicas, o processamento dos iogurtes foi realizado em triplicata, os quais foram analisados nos tempos 1, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias de armazenamento refrigerado (4 ±1 °C). Diante dos dados analisados, os iogurtes apresentaram propriedades físicas e físico-químicas adequadas ao produto. Para alguns parâmetros, houve influência da cultura utilizada; da fibra e da geleia, com destaque para os parâmetros de Acidez, pH e Lactose. Os resultados deste estudo apresentaram uma incorporação bem sucedida (cultura, FOS e geleia), como ingredientes a serem inseridos num novo produto lácteo caprino.
THINNING STENTIFORD ALGORITHM FOR KINTAMANI INSCRIPTION IMAGE SEGMENTATION
Authors: Purnama Yanti Christina , Andika I Gede 
Published: April 2020

In the copper, inscription contained writing strokes that have high historical value. Age and environmental factors cause damage to the inscription surface and also reduce the appearance of images and letters. One way to preserve it is to carry out the process of converting it into digital format. The use of the morphological operation method is very suitable to be used to improve the shape of the letters in the copper inscription. The morphological operations performed in this study were the Thinning Stentiford algorithm. Based on research that has been done, it was concluded that the Thinning Stentiford algorithm has succeeded in segmenting the letters that exist in the Kintamani copper inscription. However, there are some letters are not well segmented. This is due to the inscription background color and carved letter colors that don't have significant differences. Testing the time it was concluded that the greater the size of the image and the more letters will be segmented, the longer the processing computing.
Effects of Single 48 H Fasting on Soleus Muscle Mass and Contractile Properties in Old and Young Mice
Authors: Kvedaras Mindaugas , Minderis Petras , Ratkevičius Aivaras 
Published: April 2020

Background. Both fasting and ageing processes lead to muscle wasting. We studied the effect of single 48 h fasting on soleus skeletal muscle mass and force in young and old mice.Methods. The study involved 18 young and 13 old mice. Body and soleus (SOL) muscle mass were measured followed by assessment of peak and specific SOL force under ex vivo conditions. SOL muscle half-relaxation time and 20 Hz to 100 Hz force ratio were also measured.Results. After fasting, weight loss was greater (p < .05) in young mice compared to old mice (17.0 ± 2.6 versus 12.0 ± 1.7%, respectively). Fasted young, but not old mice showed reduction (p < .05) in SOL mass compared to the control values. On the other hand, specific SOL force was reduced (p < .05) only in old mice, while 20 Hz to 100 Hz force ratio decreased (p < .05) only in young mice after fasting.Conclusions. Our results showed that 48 h fasting caused lower SOL muscle peak and specific force in old but not young mice. Keywords: starvation, peak force, specific force, ageing.
Romatoid Artritte Beslenme
Authors: TEKEOĞLU İbrahim , BAYKUL Merve 
Published: April 2020

Romatoid artrit
sistemik, otoimmun, kronik, poliartritte seyreden kalıcı deformitelere yol açan
bir hastalıktır. Yaş, cinsiyet, beden kitle indeksi sigara, alkol, kahve,
sebzeler, meyveler, balık tüketimi, tahıllar ve diyet rejimleri hastalık
aktivitesinde önemli değişimlere yol açarlar. Bu yazıda romatoid artrit
hastalarında hastalık aktivitesini azaltan ve arttıran diyetsel çalışmalar
derlenmiştir. Amacımız mevcut ilaç tedavilerinin yanında kişiye özgü
hazırlanmış anti-inflamatuar diyet programlarıyla romatoid artrit hastalarınn
remisyona ulaşmasında hekimlere yol
göstermektir.
Islam in English
Authors: Ogunnaike Oludamini , Rustom Mohammed 
Published: April 2020

The Quranic revelation had a tremendous impact upon the societies, art, and thought of the various peoples with whom it came into contact. But perhaps nowhere is this influence as evident as in the domain of language, the very medium of the revelation. First, the Arabic language itself was radically and irrevocably altered by the manifestation of the Quran.3 Then, as the language of the divine revelation, Quranic Arabic exerted a wide-ranging influence upon the thought and language of speakers of Persian, Turkish, numerous South and South-East Asian languages, and West and East African languages such as Hausa and Swahili.
Modern Things on Trial: Islam’s Global and Material Reformation in the Age of Rida, 1865-1935
Authors: Anchassi Omar 
Published: April 2020

The late writer and intellectual George Ṭarābīshī (d. 1437/2016) observes that when the tomato first made its appearance in late nineteenth century Aleppo, locals took to denouncing it as ‘the Devil’s arse’ (mu’akhirat al-shayṭān) on account of its colour. The muftī of the city, who remains curiously unnamed in this account, is said to have issued a fatwa on its prohibition.1 Unsurprisingly, no source is given for this anecdote, but the point is clear enough: jurists are hidebound creatures, wrong-footed by the advent of modernity and stupid or morally depraved, or perhaps both. One could give many other examples that serve to illustrate the same conclusion. Leor Halevi’s formidable monograph on the fatāwā of Rashīd Riḍā (d.1354/1935) in al-Manār is thus precisely what one would hope for in the study of this much maligned Islamic legal instrument.
To download full review, click on PDF.
Local buckling of cantilever wall of thin-walled member with longitudinal and transverse stress variation
Authors: Szychowski Andrzej 
Published: April 2020

The paper presents results of the investigation into the stability of elastically restrained cantilever walls (plates) with longitudinal and transverse stress variation. A linear distribution of stresses in the direction of the wall (plate) width and the linear or nonlinear (in accordance with parabola 20) distribution of stresses along the wall length were assumed. Plots of plate buckling coefficients (k) for variously supported and variously loaded cantilever plates, which are not found in the literature, were determined.