bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domesticating the Body of the Exotic Other: The Multisensory Use of a Sixteenth-century Brass Candlestick
Authors: Kim Dasol 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Through the medium of a brass candlestick made in a sixteenth-century German foundry, I discuss the Christian European household’s sensory engagement and spatial control of the Muslim body. I argue that the Europeans’ sensory experience of the turbaned candlestick reflects and reinforces their conceptualization of Islamic culture, which is a blend of fear and fascination. The turbaned candlestick allows us to explore issues rarely discussed in the study of metalwork and the European imagery of ‘the East’. The shape and scale of the candlestick suggest that it could have been treated both as a statuette and as a piece of furniture. The inanimate candlestick would have felt livelier when the user touched its body and felt heat, flame, light and smoke from the candlestick. My analysis of the candlestick suggests that it might have been experienced through a comprehensive play of senses.
The Word of God in One’s Hand: Touching and Holding Pendant Koran Manuscripts
Authors: Berthold Cornelius 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Koran manuscripts that fit comfortably within the palm of one’s hand are known as early as the 10th century CE.
For the sake of convenience, all dates will be given in the common era (CE) without further mention, and not in the Islamic or Hijra calendar.
Their minute and sometimes barely legible script is clearly not intended for comfortable reading. Instead, recent scholarship suggests that the manuscripts were designed to be worn on the body like pendants or fastened to military flag poles. This is corroborated by some preserved cases for these books which feature lugs to attach a cord or chain, but also their rare occurrence in contemporary textual sources. While pendant Korans in rectangular codex form exist, the majority were produced as codices in the shape of an octagonal prism, and others as scrolls that could be rolled up into a cylindrical form. Both resemble the shapes of similarly dated and pre-Islamic amulets or amulet cases. Building on recent scholarship, I will argue in this article that miniature or pendant Koran manuscripts were produced in similar forms and sizes because of comparable modes of usage, but not necessarily by a deliberate imitation of their amuletic ‘predecessors’. The manuscripts’ main functions did not require them to be read or even opened; some of their cases were in fact riveted shut. Accordingly, the haptic feedback they gave to their owners when they carried or touched them was not one of regular books but one of solid objects (like amulets) or even jewellery, which then reinforced this practice.
On some kinds of dense orbits in general nonautonomous dynamical systems
Authors: Pourbarat Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe study the theory of universality for the nonautonomous dynamical systems from topological point of view related to hypercyclicity. The conditions are provided in a way that Birkhoff transitivity theorem can be extended. In the context of generalized linear nonautonomous systems, we show that either one of the topological transitivity or hypercyclicity give sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Meanwhile, some examples are presented for topological transitivity, hypercyclicity and topological conjugacy.
The crystal structure of dipentaerthritol hexanitrate, C10H16N6O19
Authors: Zheng Yue , Lizhen Chen , Hui Chao , Chenglong Wei , Zhihua Li , Duanlin Cao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

C

10

H

16

N
6

O

19

${\text{C}}_{10}{\text{H}}_{16}{\text{N}}_{6}{\text{O}}_{19}$

, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.980(5) Å, b = 8.4695(17) Å, c = 20.719(4) Å, β = 128.124(7)°, V = 4138.7(16) Å3, Z = 8,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0587,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.1683, T = 170 K.
Crystal structure of 10-oxysophoridine, C15H22N2O2
Authors: Yan Ming , Li Huan-Yong , Luo Ding , Chen Si , Zhang Yu-Bo , Li Yao-Lan , Wang Guo-Cai 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
C15H22N2O2, orthorhombic, P212121
a = 5.27590(10) Å, b = 10.3482(3) Å, c = 23.5372(6) Å, V = 1285.04(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0338, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0852, T = 100(1) K.
User-centred design of humanoid robots’ communication
Authors: Thunberg Sofia , Ziemke Tom 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Interaction between humans and robots will benefit if people have at least a rough mental model of what a robot knows about the world and what it plans to do. But how do we design human-robot interactions to facilitate this? Previous research has shown that one can change people’s mental models of robots by manipulating the robots’ physical appearance. However, this has mostly not been done in a user-centred way, i.e. without a focus on what users need and want. Starting from theories of how humans form and adapt mental models of others, we investigated how the participatory design method, PICTIVE, can be used to generate design ideas about how a humanoid robot could communicate. Five participants went through three phases based on eight scenarios from the state-of-the-art tasks in the RoboCup@Home social robotics competition. The results indicate that participatory design can be a suitable method to generate design concepts for robots’ communication in human-robot interaction.
Mechanical and flammability properties of a polyamide 6,6 nanocomposite for nonstructural marine engine components
Authors: Cozzarini Luca , Benedetti Elena , Piras Alessandro , Terenzi Andrea , Pricl Sabrina , Schmid Chiara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The actual replacement of traditional metallic components with plastic-based materials in the marine sector is currently extremely limited, mainly due to mechanical requirements and flammability issues. In this work, a fiberglass-reinforced polyamide 6,6 matrix, loaded with innovative flame retardants based on nanosized organoclays has been evaluated as a replacement for aluminum in a marine engine cover. Experimental data were acquired to assess the mechanical performances and flammability properties of this novel polymer nanocomposite in comparison with those of a commercial sample based on the same polymeric matrix loaded with traditional flame retardants. The results showed that then use of nanoclays in place of standard flame retardants increased the mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposite at all tested temperatures (22% of modulus increase at 20 °C, 93% at 110 °C), concomitantly meeting the minimum nonflammability requirements (self-extinguishing, without dropping of flammable material).
Peritoneal biopsy frozen section: cachexia manifesting as signet ring-like cells
Authors: Khellaf Lakhdar , Rouanet Philippe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Peritoneal metastases from signet ring cell adenocarcinoma may be overlooked at laparoscopy, resulting in problematic false-negative diagnoses. Conversely, false-positive diagnoses are rarely reported. For the surgeon, cachexia may rise suspicion for peritoneal metastases by exhibiting a worrisome micronodular appearance of the peritoneum, and atrophic adipocytes looks like signet ring cells at the microscopical level. Being aware of this underdiagnosed condition may help avoiding unfortunate false-positive diagnoses of peritoneal metastases during intraoperative consultation.
Modelling of enzyme kinetics: cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis case
Authors: Olkiewicz Magdalena , Tylkowski Bartosz , Montornés Josep M. , Garcia-Valls Ricard , Gulaczyk Iwona 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Enzymes as industrial biocatalysts offer numerous advantages over traditional chemical processes resulting on improvements in process economy and environmental sustainability. Because enzymes are extensively used in different industrial areas, the enzyme kinetics is an important factor for industry as it is able to estimate the extent of substrate conversion under known conditions and evaluate reactor performance. Furthermore, kinetic modelling is useful in the analysis, prediction, and optimization of an enzymatic process. Thus, kinetic modelling is a powerful tool for biochemical reaction engineering. In addition to the aforementioned, in the industrial technology, modelling together with simulation play a key role because they help to understand how a system behaves under specific conditions, and thus they allow saving on costs and lead times. Enzymatic conversion of renewable cellulosic biomass into biofuels is at the heart of advanced bioethanol production. In the production of bioethanol from cellulosic biomass, enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to fermentable sugars accounts for a large portion (∼30%) of the total production costs. Therefore, a thorough understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis is necessary to create a robust model which helps designing optimal conditions and economical system. Nevertheless, it is a challenging task because cellulose is a highly complex substrate and its enzymatic hydrolysis is heterogeneous in nature, and thus the whole process of cellulose conversion to glucose involves more steps than classical enzyme kinetics. This chapter describes the bases of enzyme kinetic modelling, focussing on Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and presents the models classification based on the fundamental approach and methodology used. Furthermore, the modelling of cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis is described, also reviewing some model examples developed for cellulose hydrolysis over the years. Finally, the application of enzyme kinetics modelling in food, pharmaceutical and bioethanol industry is presented.
Approaching daily life at Late Palaeolithic camps: The case of Lubrza 10, Western Poland
Authors: Sobkowiak-Tabaka Iwona , Diachenko Aleksandr 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to develop a systematic approach to understanding daily life at Late Palaeolithic camps and identifying its impact on broader site formation processes. Late Palaeolithic contexts are often poorly preserved, especially those found in the sandy sediments of the North European Plain. However, taphonomic obstacles may be overcome through the introduction of spatial statistics into research procedures. We illustrate our approach using a case study of Federmesser and Swiderian campsites at the site of Lubrza 10, Western Poland. The locational analysis of hearths, features that constitute the most important integrative social foci of Palaeolithic camps, provides information on activity areas, seasonality and occupational duration. Additionally, we examine the function of spatially distinct artefact concentrations and their methods of aggregation. The presented research procedure enables us to trace the contribution of individuals to group behaviour, as well as specific individual activities at both camps.
CdTe quantum dots on gold-198 nano particles: introducing a novel theranostic agent
Authors: Rasekholghol Ariam , Fazaeli Yousef , Moradi Dehaghi Shahram , Ashtari Parviz , Kardan Mohammadreza , Feizi Shahzad , Samiee Matin Milad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The influence of coating a CdTe quantum dots (QDs) layer on the 198Au nanoparticles (NPs) in biodistribution of 198Au nanoparticles was investigated. The 198Au nanoparticles were prepared by irradiating the highly pure metallic gold in Tehran research nuclear reactor and subsequently 198Au-NPs were synthesized and subjected to surface modification with cysteamine and CdTe QDs to form an adduct. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized with X-ray diffraction, radio thin layer chromatography, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In-vivo biodistribution and tumor avidity studies were performed by intravenously injecting of cysteamine@198AuNPs: CdTe QDs nanocomposite into rats. The %ID/g (percent of the initial dose per gram tissue weight) in dissected organs and Fibrosarcoma tumor specimens was then measured. The hydrophilicity of the cysteamine@198AuNPs was increased by surface modification with CdTe QDs. Rapid excretion from body and high tumor uptake for cysteamine@198AuNPs: CdTe QDs revealed that this radiotracer could potentially be used in nuclear medicine as a theranostic agent.
Estimation of time-dependent arbovirus infection risk in blood and tissue donations
Authors: Biggerstaff Brad J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks raise the concern of WNV infection in donated blood and blood products destined for transfusion. We describe methods we developed to estimate time-dependent risk of WNV infection in donated blood, including improvements not previously detailed. The methods are then extended for use in estimation of the risk of WNV infection in donated cadaveric tissues by introducing stratification and stratum-specific weighting to address novel aspects of this application. Data from the WNV outbreak in Colorado in 2003 are used to estimate risk for donated cardiac tissue.
Fiktive Tatsachen, ihre Relativität und deren Angabe
Authors: Brauneis Adrian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present article is concerned with the term realism. It develops an argument to distinguish between two different types: epistemically reflexive and non-reflexive realism. Wherever a fiction prompts its readers to distinguish between speaker-utterances from utterances not tied to a fictive character realism of the epistemically non-reflexive variety is at hand. Such a fiction posits a reality not to be reduced to the conceptual scheme of its fictive inhabitants. Realism of the epistemically reflexive sort indicates the relativity of the very conceptual fabric by which utterances not tied to a fictive entity give access to a fictive reality. In such a game of make believe there is, ontologically speaking, no room for the conjecture of a reality providing its fictive inhabitants as well as its non-fictive interpreters with concepts to name things as they are in themselves. How this comes to pass is shown by making use of Roland Barthes’ famous term ›reality effect‹ and subsequently illustrated by using the example of Franz Innerhofer’s novel Schöne Tage (Beautiful Days, 1975). The main argument is framed by a discussion of 19th century literary realism, on the one hand, and some concluding remarks on the potential cognitive benefits of epistemically reflexive realism, on the other hand. Whereas epistemically non-reflexive realism is a part of the family resemblance of a large portion of 19th century narrative fiction, so-called poetic realism is, according to the present article, to be considered as epistemically reflexive realism. Finally, it is argued that whenever a fiction, so to speak, loosens the connection between a fictive reality and certain concepts by suggesting the conceptual relativity of its own prescriptions to imagine certain things as fictionally true readers might be all the more willing to transfer those very same concepts into their own world.
»Born translated«?
Authors: Sneis Jørgen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the authorized edition of Henrik Ibsen’s complete works in German as a focal point, this paper analyzes the functions of authorization in the 19th century, seen in light of the European publishing trade and international copyright regulations. Special attention is paid to the conditions under which translations could precede the publication of the original text, allowing the original and its translation(s) to be published simultaneously. It is argued that Ibsen’s oeuvre, conceptualized by the author himself not simply as everything he had ever written but as a continuous and coherent whole, did not emerge primarily in the context of Norwegian or Scandinavian literature, but rather in the context of authorizing translations and the planning of a uniform German edition.
»mit saurem Schweiß sagen, was man nicht weiß«
Authors: Gronau Magdalena , Gronau Martin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present article focuses on the theoretical physicist and Nobel Prize winner Erwin Schrödinger (1887−1961) and his early attempts to popularize physics in the twenties and early thirties. Special attention is drawn to the ›entanglement‹ of media prerequisites and the subject Schrödinger deals with. Exemplary analysis of the magazines in which Schrödinger published, illustrations, and Schrödinger’s rather journalistic, zeitgeisty style of writing reveals a specific way of imparting the small world of atomic physics, hidden to the eye, to a broader audience. While the majority of contemporary quantum theorists rejected the allegedly old-fashioned physics of pictures and models, Schrödinger’s popular scientific praxis of a vivid explanation is even reflected in his epistemological position regarding the central goal of theoretical physics - namely, producing clear and illustrative models.
Methodenskizze zur systematischen Rekonstruktion der literarischen Satire
Authors: Spoerhase Carlos 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This outline serves as basic analysis of the methods used to systematically reconstruct literary satire in the extant literary scholarship. The first section of the outline (1) contains a brief general introduction to the discussion of satire in the field of poetics. In the second section (2), which is the main concern of this outline, I discuss the four main methods used to reconstruct the concept of literary satire in recent decades.
Evaluation of the performance of sysmex XN-3100 automated hematology analyzer regarding the sysmex XE-2100 and microscopic examination
Authors: Incir Said , Palaoglu Kerim Erhan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We performed a verification study of the Sysmex XN-3100 hematology analyzer in comparison with the XE-2100 according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the International Council for Standardization in Hematology (ICSH).

Materials and methods
Blood samples and quality control materials were used for precision. For comparison, we used the current XE-2100 as the comparative method and analyzed 540 blood samples. The Passing-Bablok and Bland-Altman tests were performed according to the CLSI EP09-A3 and a carryover study was performed according to the CLSI H26-A2 guidelines. The flagging performance of the two analyzers was compared, using two experienced laboratory technicians as the reference method.

Results
The Sysmex XN-3100 demonstrated high levels of precision for most parameters. For the comparison analysis, all parameters, except for MCHC, monocytes and basophils were within the systematic error limits of desirable biological variability criterion (SeDBV). The carryover was less than 0.4% for all parameters. The flagging performance of the XN-3100 was satisfactory and the overall efficiency was high.

Conclusions
The XN-3100 not only showed a strong correlation and agreement with the XE-2100 but also displayed a comparable analytical sensitivity, and increased specificity, which may result in an improved turnaround time and throughpu.
Thiamine pyrophosphate riboswitch regulation: a new possible mechanism involved in the action of nalidixic acid
Authors: Shahidi Sahar , Shahraeini Seyed Sadegh , Farmahini Farahani Yekta , Sardari Soroush 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The development of novel antibiotic compounds requires riboswitches; in fact, riboswitches are RNA elements present in the 5′ untranslated region of bacterial mRNA and have a metabolite-binding aptamer domain and an expression platform regulating the expression of vital genes. In the present research, one riboswitch, namely thi-box riboswitch with distinct regulatory mechanisms, was studied. It recognizes Thiamine Pyrophosphates (TPP) regulating TPP-biosynthesis genes in Escherichia
coli.

Methods
First, the compounds similar to riboswitch ligands were studied, and their binding with the riboswitch and nucleosides was investigated by molecular docking. Then, compounds containing high binding energy were chosen, and their minimum inhibitory concentration in E. coli was determined by the MIC test. Finally, the binding of compounds to nucleotides and RNA was investigated by measuring the absorbance spectrum through NanoDrop and circular dichroism (CD).

Results
In the thi-box riboswitch, nalidixic acid was found to have the best binding energy (−5.31 kJ/mol), and it inhibited E. coli growth at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 125 μg/mL, and it could bind to ribonucleosides and RNA in vitro.

Conclusions
One possible mechanism involved in the action of nalidixic acid in inhibiting the E. coli growth is to influence thi-box riboswitch.
Synthesis and crystal structures of two new lead(II) complexes with the pincer-type ligand 4′-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (Cl-Ph-tpy): subtle interplay of weak intermolecular interactions
Authors: Marandi Farzin , Krautscheid Harald 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A dinuclear and a tetranuclear complex of lead(II) with the pincer-type ligand 4′-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (Cl-Ph-tpy), [Pb2(Cl-Ph-tpy)2(μ-I)2I2] (1) and [Pb4(Cl-Ph-tpy)4(μ-Br)4(μ-OH2)Br4]·2CH3OH (2), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the binuclear structure of 1, the Pb atom has a hemidirected PbN3I3 environment with a Pb(μ-I)2Pb central unit. In the tetranuclear structure of 2, two crystallographically independent Pb(II) centres having hemidirected PbN3Br3 and PbN3OBr2 environments are connected to Pb(μ-Br)Pb(μ-Br)2(μ-OH2)Pb(μ-Br)Pb chains. The supramolecular features in 1 and 2 are supported through weak but directional C–H···Cl, C–H···I and C–H···Br, C–H···O, O–H···Br, and O···Br interactions and aromatic π-π stacking.
Synthesis, characterization and electrochemistry of triethyl ammonium sulphate ionic liquid
Authors: Khan Jalal , Muhammad Sayyar , Shah Luqman Ali , Ali Javed , Ibrar Muhammad , Rehman Khushnood Ur 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Protic ionic liquids (PILs) being intrinsic proton conducting ionic species are considered as potential green electrolytes for study of electrocatalytic reactions and for fabrication of IL-based fuel cells (FCs) and batteries. We have prepared a sulfate anion based protic ionic liquid (PIL), triethylammonium sulfate (TEAS) through a reaction involving transfer of proton from H2SO4 to triethylamine (TEA). 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques were employed for confirmation of the synthesis of TEAS and water content of the PIL was quantified using coulometric Karl–Fischer (KF) titration. 1H NMR and FT-IR analysis confirm the synthesis of the PILs and KF-titration analysis shows that TEAS contains 1.43 w/w % water. Electrical conductivity of TEAS was determined at different temperatures showing that the PIL has excellent ionic conductivity that enhances with rise in temperature of the medium. The temperature dependence of the conductivity of the PIL follows the Arrhenius equation as the logσ versus 1/T plot is linear. The electrochemical windows (EWs) of the electrolyte were found using cyclic voltammetry at Pt and Au working electrodes and found to decrease with increase in temperature of the medium. The data revealed that the surfaces of the electrodes are covered with oxide layers due to oxidation of trace water (1.43 w/w %) present in the PIL. The oxide layers growth increase and their onset potential moves to less positive values as the temperature of the PILs is increased. The data was compared with the literature and would be helpful in understanding of the surface electrochemistry in this neoteric medium for being used as potential electrolyte in industry for various electrochemical applications.