bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replicability of the EC-Earth3 Earth system model under a change in computing environment
Authors: Massonnet François , Ménégoz Martin , Acosta Mario , Yepes-Arbós Xavier , Exarchou Eleftheria , Doblas-Reyes Francisco J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Most Earth system models (ESMs) are running under different high-performance computing (HPC) environments. This has several advantages, from
allowing different groups to work with the same tool in parallel to leveraging the burden of ensemble climate simulations, but it also offers
alternative solutions in the case of shutdown (expected or not) of any of the environments. However, for obvious scientific reasons, it is critical to
ensure that ESMs provide identical results under changes in computing environment. While strict bit-for-bit reproducibility is not always guaranteed
with ESMs, it is desirable that results obtained under one computing environment are at least statistically indistinguishable from those obtained
under another environment, which we term a “replicability” condition following the metrology nomenclature. Here, we develop a protocol to assess
the replicability of the EC-Earth ESM. Using two versions of EC-Earth, we present one case of non-replicability and one case of replicability. The
non-replicable case occurs with the older version of the model and likely finds its origin in the treatment of river runoff along Antarctic
coasts. By contrast, the more recent version of the model provides replicable results. The methodology presented here has been adopted as a standard
test by the EC-Earth consortium (27 institutions in Europe) to evaluate the replicability of any new model version across platforms, including for
CMIP6 experiments. To a larger extent, it can be used to assess whether other ESMs can safely be ported from one HPC environment to another for
studying climate-related questions. Our results and experience with this work suggest that the default assumption should be that ESMs are not
replicable under changes in the HPC environment, until proven otherwise.
Use of Sentinel-1 radar observations to evaluate snowmelt dynamics in alpine regions
Authors: Marin Carlo , Bertoldi Giacomo , Premier Valentina , Callegari Mattia , Brida Christian , Hürkamp Kerstin , Tschiersch Jochen , Zebisch Marc , Notarnicola Claudia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Knowing the timing and the evolution of the snow melting process is very important, since it allows the prediction of (i) the snowmelt onset, (ii) the snow gliding and wet-snow avalanches, (iii) the release of snow contaminants, and (iv) the runoff onset. The snowmelt can be monitored by jointly measuring snowpack parameters such as the snow water equivalent (SWE) or the amount of free liquid water content (LWC). However, continuous measurements of SWE and LWC are rare and difficult to obtain. On the other hand, active microwave sensors such as the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mounted on board satellites are highly sensitive to LWC of the snowpack and can provide spatially distributed information with a high resolution. Moreover, with the introduction of Sentinel-1, SAR images are regularly acquired every 6 d over several places in the world. In this paper we analyze the correlation between the multitemporal SAR backscattering and the snowmelt dynamics. We compared Sentinel-1 backscattering with snow properties derived from in situ observations and process-based snow modeling simulations for five alpine test sites in Italy, Germany and Switzerland considering 2 hydrological years. We found that the multitemporal SAR measurements allow the identification of the three melting phases that characterize the melting process, i.e., moistening, ripening and runoff. In particular, we found that the C-band SAR backscattering decreases as soon as the snow starts containing water and that the backscattering increases as soon as SWE starts decreasing, which corresponds to the release of meltwater from the snowpack. We discuss the possible reasons of this increase, which are not directly correlated to the SWE decrease but to the different snow conditions, which change the backscattering mechanisms. Finally, we show a spatially distributed application of the identification of the runoff onset from SAR images for a mountain catchment, i.e., the Zugspitze catchment in Germany. Results allow us to better understand the spatial and temporal evolution of melting dynamics in mountain regions. The presented investigation could have relevant applications for monitoring and predicting the snowmelt progress over large regions.
Integrative taxonomy identifies two new tardigrade species (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from Greenland
Authors: Stec Daniel , Tumanov Denis T. , Kristensen Reinhardt Møbjerg 
Published: March 2020

In this paper we describe Macrobiotus engbergi sp. nov. and Tenuibiotus zandrae sp. nov. from Greenland. Our study has involved both classical taxonomic methods, which include morphological and morphometric analyses conducted with the use of light and scanning electron microscopy, and genetic analysis based on four molecular markers (three nuclear: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and one mitochondrial: COI). Moreover, we re-examined the type series of Tenuibiotus voronkovi (Tumanov, 2007) as well as the original sample where the species was found and we provide new morphological data from light and scanning electron microscopy which enabled us to amend its description. Finally, we also analysed slides with animals and egg of two populations from Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya (archipelago of Svalbard, Norway) designated as T. voronkovi within its recent redescription. The results and comparisons presented in our study question the validity of this designation.
L’enrichissement de l’expérience de visite muséale par l’utilisation d’outils interactifs de médiation
Authors: Jarrier Elodie , Bourgeon-Renault Dominique 
Published: March 2020

La problématique de cet article concerne l’utilisation d’outils interactifs de médiation lors de la visite d’un musée. Quelles sont les dimensions de l’expérience de visite muséale ? La nature de l’outil interactif utilisé (audioguide, tablette tactile, borne interactive, table tactile multi-usagers) lors de la visite induit-elle une expérience muséale spécifique ? Tout d’abord une synthèse de la revue de la littérature est présentée portant sur l’influence des outils interactifs de médiation sur l’expérience de visite muséale. Puis, les résultats issus d’une démarche qualitative sont analysés. La finalité managériale est d’aider les professionnels dans leur processus de choix des outils interactifs de médiation afin d’enrichir l’expérience de visite muséale vécue par les publics, dans un objectif de leur élargissement et de leur diversification.
Quand la figure se met debout
Authors: Garré Nicoară Marie 
Published: March 2020

Cet article propose d’envisager comment l’instabilité de la marionnette amène à penser la posture debout comme lutte contre la chute, et comment cette « levée des marionnettes », actualisant ce premier geste de la présence puis de l’adresse, donne à lire différemment un certain nombre de présupposés de la relation théâtrale. À travers les déclinaisons du couple interprète / marionnette, il s’agit de saisir la manière dont se tenir debout passe par l’interdépendance de ce duo chez Schönbein et dans la démarche des Mossoux-Bonté, et les façons dont le corps de l’interprète se réinvente – notamment dans une perte de verticalité – face à l’élan vertical de la figure.
The mapping of information landscapes as a tool to develop IL
Authors: Whitworth Andrew 
Published: March 2020

In her discussion of information literacy, Annemaree Lloyd (2010) developed the notion of the information landscape as a way of conceptualising the informational and technological resources arrayed around individuals and groups, and which they must learn to navigate. She alludes (p. 2) to the idea of mapping this landscape as a way by which actors learn these navigational skills and, thus, develop information literacy. But she offers no detail in this work or others regarding what mapping might actually mean as an educational practice, and how it might be employed in the teaching and learning of information literacy.
This paper will report on research conducted on data generated in different ways from a course in which mapping is integrated, as both a graphical and discursive practice. At the start of this course, students are asked to collaborate on drawing mind maps that depict their information landscape as they see it at this point, and these maps can be analysed as depictions of their information horizons, in ways similar to the study of Sonnenwald, Wildemuth and Harmon (2001). In addition, data have been generated from online discussions undertaken throughout the course, which record how within small groups, students negotiate and build the information landscape that they use to complete the course assessment. By suggesting and/or validating the judgments of members, the group develops an agreed-upon representation of their landscape that can be the basis for further judgments. Thus, from the dialogue emerges a discursive map of this landscape.
It will be argued that the process of negotiating this map is a productive one when considering how information literacy sklills can be developed in ways that will transfer effectively outside the university.
Creating a cross-disciplinary hub for active student learning in the library
Authors: Key Newton , Newell Zachary 
Published: March 2020

Two recent technology-driven tendencies in library-faculty collaboration – (1) embedding librarians in the online components of courses, and (2) repurposing certain library spaces to become makerspaces – often embrace the learning strategy of focusing on students as creators. Booth Library at Eastern Illinois University, in collaboration with a faculty-led Faculty Development office and a Humanities Center, has advanced both the leveraging of technology in learning and the creation of a library makerspace, and added a third component, (3) placing an active learning classroom (ALC) connected to a design lab as the first stage of a Center for Student Innovation (CSI). This process, grounded in research on learning spaces and universal design, had led us to ask: what space best encourages creativity in the learning process?
We propose to showcase a “think-pair-share” card game to demonstrate how we are re-centering the library as a center for knowledge creation, and a space for promoting discovery, in a format that invites Creating Knowledge participants to fine-tune our model or advance alternatives. That is, the library is building collaborations for re-thinking space, and re-positioning the library as central to teaching and learning, to foster 21st century skills around information, communication, and ethical/social impact. The card game will demonstrate ways to help students and faculty to create knowledge, and how information as a product is modeled, remodeled and reinterpreted for pedagogically creative teaching and learning. The implementation of the CSI has stimulated larger discussions in the library and across campus about the role of a “future-present” library. How can faculty and students embrace discovery as a means rather than an end? What role does the library play in facilitating teaching and learning? What does the future library look like? The presentation and card game will answer these questions through audience feedback and participation.
Do two heads think better than one?
Authors: Kaalvik Hilde 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: This study examines how 13 bachelor students on Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences experience collaborative learning on campus at NTNU. My purpose was to find out how students reflect upon collaborative learning face to face on Campus, especially according to learning outcome. The findings are based on empirical data. I investigate how they handle collaborative learning, problems they meet and choices they make while collaborating. My findings will be presented in five different main themes.
Method: I analyzed three focus group interviews with 13 students using SDI-model and Nvivo12. I focused on the student’s descriptions and reflections of collaborative learning and learning outcome.
Results: The students have a lot of reflections about collaborative learning in akademia. The analysis resulted in five different themes named ‘the teacher’s role’, ‘the role of friction’, ‘the role of being prepared’, ‘consciousness’ and ‘meaning making’.
Conclusion: The study implies that to achieve desired effect of learning from collaborative learning the universities should continue to encourage active learning strategies. Especially important to succeed is the teacher’s role in scaffolding, the role of friction and the role of being prepared. The role of consciousness and meaning-making is also important in constructing and creating knowledge.
This presentation main message is to show the role of collaborative learning on Campus according to why universities should continue to focus on a change in practice which include active learning strategies to succeed teaching.
Information literacy in the humanities
Authors: Petterson Karin , Svensson Anna 
Published: March 2020

Many university libraries hold cultural heritage collections that are unknown to the majority of students. The digitisation of these collections offers new ways of working with primary sources, and with it, an increasing interest in archives and older collections. This development has made us reflect on our information literacy classes within the humanities. Are we too influenced by the STEM and social science interpretations of information literacy and their focus on the peer-reviewed article? We want to challenge this view and discuss what a humanities approach to information literacy could incorporate.
We want to invite you to a discussion on how we can integrate archival material and other primary sources into our classes, thus broadening mainstream information literacy to include primary source literacy (see ACRL’s Guidelines for primary source literacy, 2018). Our understanding is that this topic is generally not discussed at Nordic information literacy conferences, and our literature review indicates that this field is mostly addressed by special collections librarians and archivists (Hauck & Robinson, 2018; Hubbard & Lotts, 2013; Samuelson & Coker, 2014). In addition, in digital humanities pedagogy, there is need for reflection on data or sources beyond “tool-based thinking” which this approach would open up for (Giannetti, 2017).
We will share two examples of how we have engaged students with primary sources and discuss the pedagogical challenges and opportunities. Our aim has been to go beyond show and tell and let the students actively work with primary sources. One example, from the Master’s Program in Digital Humanities, involved working with digitised sources using the platform Omeka. In the other, first year students from the Department of Conservation explored primary sources from the Gothenburg Exhibition held in 1923.
Hopefully, this round table can be a stepping-stone for forming a network where we continue to share our experiences.
A seven-year surveillance of epidemiology of malaria reveals travel and gender are the key drivers of dispersion of drug resistant genotypes in Kenya
Authors: Maraka Moureen , Akala Hoseah M. , Amolo Asito S. , Juma Dennis , Omariba Duke , Cheruiyot Agnes , Opot Benjamin , Okello Okudo Charles , Mwakio Edwin , Chemwor Gladys , Juma Jackline A. , Okoth Raphael , Yeda Redemptah , Andagalu Ben 
Published: March 2020

Malaria drug resistance is a global public health concern. Though parasite mutations have been associated with resistance, other factors could influence the resistance. A robust surveillance system is required to monitor and help contain the resistance. This study established the role of travel and gender in dispersion of chloroquine resistant genotypes in malaria epidemic zones in Kenya. A total of 1,776 individuals presenting with uncomplicated malaria at hospitals selected from four malaria transmission zones in Kenya between 2008 and 2014 were enrolled in a prospective surveillance study assessing the epidemiology of malaria drug resistance patterns. Demographic and clinical information per individual was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Further, 2 mL of blood was collected for malaria diagnosis, parasitemia quantification and molecular analysis. DNA extracted from dried blood spots collected from each of the individuals was genotyped for polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine transporter gene (Pfcrt 76), Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant gene 1 (Pfmdr1 86 and Pfmdr1 184) regions that are putative drug resistance genes using both conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. The molecular and demographic data was analyzed using Stata version 13 (College Station, TX: StataCorp LP) while mapping of cases at the selected geographic zones was done in QGIS version 2.18. Chloroquine resistant (CQR) genotypes across gender revealed an association with chloroquine resistance by both univariate model (p = 0.027) and by multivariate model (p = 0.025), female as reference group in both models. Prior treatment with antimalarial drugs within the last 6 weeks before enrollment was associated with carriage of CQR genotype by multivariate model (p = 0.034). Further, a significant relationship was observed between travel and CQR carriage both by univariate model (p = 0.001) and multivariate model (p = 0.002). These findings suggest that gender and travel are significantly associated with chloroquine resistance. From a gender perspective, males are more likely to harbor resistant strains than females hence involved in strain dispersion. On the other hand, travel underscores the role of transport network in introducing spread of resistant genotypes, bringing in to focus the need to monitor gene flow and establish strategies to minimize the introduction of resistance strains by controlling malaria among frequent transporters.
Differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley, Xinjiang
Authors: Zhang Yulu , Cui Dong , Yang Haijun , Kasim Nijat 
Published: March 2020

Background
A wetland is a special ecosystem formed by the interaction of land and water. The moisture content variation will greatly affect the function and structure of the wetland internal system.

Method
In this paper, three kinds of wetlands with different flooding levels (Phragmites australis wetland (long-term flooding), Calamagrostis epigeios wetland(seasonal flooding) and Ditch millet wetland (rarely flooded)) in Ili Valley of Xinjiang China were selected as research areas. The changes of microbial biomass carbon, soil physical and chemical properties in wetlands were compared, and redundancy analysis was used to analyze the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities (soil sucrase, catalase, amylase and urease). The differences of soil enzyme activities and its influencing factors under different flooding conditions in Ili Valley were studied and discussed.

Result
The results of this study were the following: (1) The activities of sucrase and amylase in rarely flooded wetlands and seasonally flooded wetlands were significantly higher than those in long-term flooded wetlands; the difference of catalase activity in seasonal flooded wetland was significant and the highest. (2) Redundancy analysis showed that soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus and soil microbial biomass carbon had significant effects on soil enzyme activity (p < 0.05). (3) The correlation between soil organic carbon and the sucrase activity, total phosphorus and the catalase activity was the strongest; while soil organic carbon has a significant positive correlation with invertase, urease and amylase activity, with a slight influence on catalase activity. The results of this study showed that the content of organic carbon, total phosphorus and other soil fertility factors in the soil would be increased and the enzyme activity would be enhanced if the flooding degree was changed properly.
Nik‐related kinase is targeted for proteasomal degradation by the chaperone‐dependent ubiquitin ligase CHIP
Authors: Naito Satomi , Fukushima Toshiaki , Endo Akinori , Denda Kimitoshi , Komada Masayuki 
Published: March 2020

Nik‐related kinase (Nrk) is a member of the germinal center kinase IV family and suppresses Akt signaling. In vivo, Nrk prevents placental hyperplasia and breast cancer formation. Here, we show that Nrk is regulated by the chaperone‐dependent ubiquitin ligase carboxyl terminus of heat‐shock protein (Hsp)70‐interacting protein (CHIP). Immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis reveal that Nrk preferentially interacts with CHIP and Hsp70/90 family proteins. Nrk protein levels are decreased by CHIP overexpression and increased by siRNA‐mediated CHIP knockdown. Our results indicate that Nrk is ubiquitinated by CHIP in a chaperone‐dependent manner, resulting in its proteasomal degradation. CHIP targets a fraction of Nrk molecules that have lost the ability to regulate Akt signaling. We conclude that CHIP plays an important role in regulating Nrk protein levels.
Collagen Microfibers Induce Blood Capillary Orientation and Open Vascular Lumen
Authors: Liu Hao , Kitano Shiro , Irie Shinji , Levato Riccardo , Matsusaki Michiya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAchieving vascularization of engineered tissues or structures is a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. Hitherto, studies on vascularization have demonstrated limited control of vascular network geometry, such as vasculature direction and network density. An open vascular lumen is crucial to ensure that cells survive and that metabolic activity is fully functional in large‐sized tissues. Herein, a method based on high water‐dispersible collagen microfibers (CMF) to fabricate capillary orientation‐controllable 3D tissue with an open vascular lumen using a dispensing machine is reported. A twenty micrometers‐long CMF (CMF‐20) with high dispersion property are shown to be more effective for dispensing a homogenous tissue and inducing formation of an interconnected capillary network than two hundred micrometers‐long CMF (CMF‐200). One of the advantages is the prevention of shrinkage on the z‐axis of hydrogel‐based tissue which acts as a microscaffold. The gaps between the fibers can support endothelial cell migration and maturation, thus forming a larger vascular lumen compared to CMF‐free controls. Besides, shear forces produced by the dispensing process cause the collagen microfibers to align, and these microfibers guide cell alignment by integrin‐induced adhesion. The findings based on CMF to allow blood capillary alignment and vascular lumen stabilization will be an important technology in tissue engineering.
Advances and Challenges in White Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Fresta Elisa , Costa Rubén D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince the birth of light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) in 1995, white LECs (WLECs) still represent a milestone. To date, over 50 contributions have been reported, presenting record WLECs with brightness of up to 10 000 cd m−2, efficiencies of >10 cd A−1, and excellent color rendering index >90 in different contributions. This is achieved following three main strategies focused on modifying: i) the design of the emitters, that is, emissive aggregates, multiemissive mechanism, multifluorophoric emitters; ii) the active layer composition, that is, host–guest, multilayers, exciplex‐ and electroplex‐like emitting species systems; and iii) the device architecture, that is, tandem, photoactive filters, and microcavity/interfacial dipole effects. Herein, all of them are comprehensively discussed with respect to the above strategies in the frame of the type of emitters employed. Overall, this work highlights both the advances and challenges of the WLEC field.