bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium chloride impregnation of potato slices using ultrasound to reduce oil absorption during frying
Authors: Moreira Rosana G. , Da Silva Paulo F. , Zheng Tianyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUltrasound was used to deliver Ca+2ions to specific parts of the potato tissue (lamella‐media in inner cells) to stabilize the cellular material during deep‐fat frying, thus minimizing oil absorption. Potato slices were soaked in a solution of CaCl2(1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 × 103ppm) at different times (5, 10, and 30 min) using ultrasound (47 kHz, 240 W) before frying (165°C, 85 s). At a CaCl2concentration of 50 × 103ppm and 30 min of sonication, the samples had a reduction of 43% in oil content when compared to the control (fried chip without pretreatment). Response surface methodology studies predicted an oil content of 0.21 kg oil/kg dry matter (DM) for nonsonicated chips soaked in 50 × 103ppm solution of CaCl2for 16.5 min, and 0.16 kg oil/kg DM for sonicated samples impregnated for 23 min. Higher CaCl2concentrations yielded darker samples, lower porosity, and higher degree of shrinkage for the sonicated and nonsonicated samples. The sonicated treatment scored the highest values for texture, flavor, and overall quality from a sensory consumer test. Micrographic images of potato slices revealed that the cellular structure was stabilized when the samples were treated with solutions of 20–50 × 103ppm of CaCl2using sonication for 30 min.Practical ApplicationsSonication with CaCl2impregnation of potato tissue effectively reduces oil absorption in potato chips during deep‐fat frying by 43% when compared to untreated controls. By physically and/or chemically altering the structure of raw materials, achieving the desired final product quality attributes—color, texture, odor, and flavor—should be more tunable by the manufacturing process. This technology will bring versatility to the use of raw materials into the development of new products without the need of altering the already established conventional unit operations and equipment. Therefore, this combined technology should attract a great deal of interest not only from the scientific community, but also from the food and snacks industry.
Phytochemicals of ethanolic extract and essential oil ofPersicaria hydropiperand their potential as antibacterial agents for food packaging polylactic acid film
Authors: Aziman Nurain , Abdullah Noriham , Bujang Aishah , Mohd Noor Zainon , Abdul Aziz Aziyah , Ahmad Rohaya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aims to determine phytochemicals and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and essential oil ofPersicaria hydropiper, and their potential as antibacterial agents in polylactic acid (PLA) film. The yield of ethanolic extract and essential oil were 11.02 and 0.70%, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, myricetin and quercetin were detected as major components in theP. hydropiperethanolic extract, while dodecanal, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, decanal, α‐caryophyllene, citronellol, heptadecanal, linalool and phytol were detected in theP. hydropiperessential oil. Based on the disc diffusion assay, both ethanolic extract and essential oil ofP. hydropiperpossessed antibacterial activity against bacteriaStaphylococcus aureusonly at different concentrations, with minimum inhibitory concentration values: 0.625 and 5 mg/ml, respectively; and minimum bactericidal concentration values: 5 and 40 mg/ml, respectively. However, they found to show antibacterial activity against three bacteriaS. aureus,Escherichia coliandSalmonella Typhimuriumat different concentrations and time using time‐kill kinetics assay. Incorporation of ethanolic extract and essential oil in PLA film also exhibited an antibacterial effect againstS. aureus. Our findings confirmed the potential use of bothP. hydropiperethanolic extract and essential oil as antibacterial agents in biodegradable PLA film.
Spatially resolved mass spectrometry analysis of amyloid plaque‐associated lipids
Authors: Blank Martina , Hopf Carsten 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOver the last 10 years, considerable technical advances in mass spectrometry (MS)‐based bioanalysis have enabled the investigation of lipid signatures in neuropathological structures. In Alzheimer´s Disease (AD) research, it is now well accepted that lipid dysregulation plays a key role in AD pathogenesis and progression. This review summarizes current MS‐based strategies, notably MALDI and ToF‐SIMS imaging as well as laser capture microdissection combined with LC‐ESI‐MS. It also presents recent advances to assess lipid alterations associated with Amyloid‐β plaques, one of the hallmarks of AD. Collectively, these methodologies offer new opportunities for the study of lipids, thus pushing forward our understanding of their role in such a complex and still untreatable disease as AD.
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Emotion regulation during personal goal pursuit: Integration versus suppression of emotions
Authors: Benita Moti , Shechter Talia , Nudler‐Muzikant Shahar , Arbel Reout 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveGoal pursuit may involve setbacks likely to elicit negative emotions. To continue pursuing the goal, an individual may need to regulate those emotions. In this study, we compared the unique contributions of two emotion regulation styles, integrative emotion regulation (IER) and suppressive emotion regulation (SER), to goal pursuit processes. We tested the hypotheses that IER and SER would be differentially related to goal progress and goal‐related effort and goal‐related depressed mood would mediate those relations.Method255 Israeli participants completed five web questionnaires at two‐week intervals. We examined the mediation hypothesis using multilevel structural equation modeling.ResultsAt the within‐person level, increases in IER predicted increases in goal progress at a given time point through increases in goal‐related effort, while increases in SER predicted decreases in goal progress through increases in goal‐related depressed mood. At the between‐persons level, participants with higher IER reported more goal progress; this effect was mediated by goal‐related effort. Participants with higher SER reported lower goal progress; this effect was mediated by higher goal‐related depressed mood. The findings held after controlling for such factors as participants' perceived goal competence, goal stress, sex, and age.ConclusionsIER promotes goal pursuit, but SER impedes it.
Comparison of viral control between two tenofovir dose reduction regimens (300 mg every 48 hours versus 300 mg every 72 hours) in chronic hepatitis B patients with moderate renal impairment from tenofovir‐induced renal dysfunction
Authors: Chotiyaputta Watcharasak , Poosanasuwansri Karn , Kiattisunthorn Kraiwiporn , Chainuvati Siwaporn , Tanwandee Tawesak 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong‐term use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) can induce renal dysfunction that requires TDF dose reduction. Previous studies showed that systemic drug use exerts a threefold higher risk of moderate renal impairment. This study aimed to compare viral control between two tenofovir dose reduction regimens in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with moderate renal impairment from TDF‐induced renal dysfunction. This noninferiority, randomized controlled study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Virologically suppressed CHB patients treated with TDF who had moderate renal impairment were randomly allocated to receive TDF 300 mg either every 48 or 72 hours. Forty‐six patients (67.4% male) with a mean age of 62.8 ± 7.8 years were enrolled. Among all patients, 34.8% were HBeAg‐positive, and 23.9% had cirrhosis. All included patients completed 12 months of follow‐up. No patients had virological breakthrough. After dose reduction, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was improved in both groups, but a higher proportion of patients had an eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the TDF every 72 hours group. Other renal parameters, including serum phosphate, tubular maximal reabsorption for phosphate per GFR, urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio, urine sugar and urine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin, were not significantly different between groups. Among TDF‐treated CHB patients with TDF‐induced moderate renal impairment, more aggressive dose reduction in TDF from every 48 hours to every 72 hours did not affect virological breakthrough. A higher proportion of patients in the TDF every 72 hours group had improvement in renal function.
Tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits shape growth responses across droughts in a temperate broadleaf forest
Authors: McGregor Ian R. , Helcoski Ryan , Kunert Norbert , Tepley Alan J. , Gonzalez‐Akre Erika B. , Herrmann Valentine , Zailaa Joseph , Stovall Atticus E. L. , Bourg Norman A. , McShea William J. , Pederson Neil , Sack Lawren , Anderson‐Teixeira Kristina J. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryAs climate change drives increased drought in many forested regions, mechanistic understanding of the factors conferring drought tolerance in trees is increasingly important. The dendrochronological record provides a window through which we can understand how tree size and traits shape growth responses to droughts.We analyzed tree‐ring records for 12 species in a broadleaf deciduous forest in Virginia (USA) to test hypotheses for how tree height, microenvironment characteristics, and species’ traits shaped drought responses across the three strongest regional droughts over a 60‐yr period.Drought tolerance (resistance, recovery, and resilience) decreased with tree height, which was strongly correlated with exposure to higher solar radiation and evaporative demand. The potentially greater rooting volume of larger trees did not confer a resistance advantage, but marginally increased recovery and resilience, in sites with low topographic wetness index. Drought tolerance was greater among species whose leaves lost turgor (wilted) at more negative water potentials and experienced less shrinkage upon desiccation.The tree‐ring record reveals that tree height and leaf drought tolerance traits influenced growth responses during and after significant droughts in the meteorological record. As climate change‐induced droughts intensify, tall trees with drought‐sensitive leaves will be most vulnerable to immediate and longer‐term growth reductions.
The other side of droughts: wet extremes and topography as buffers of negative drought effects in an Amazonian forest
Authors: Esteban Erick J. L. , Castilho Carolina V. , Melgaço Karina L. , Costa Flávia R. C. 
Published: October 2020

Summary

There is a consensus about negative impacts of droughts in Amazonia. Yet, extreme wet episodes, which are becoming as severe and frequent as droughts, are overlooked and their impacts remain poorly understood. Moreover, drought reports are mostly based on forests over a deep water table (DWT), which may be particularly sensitive to dry conditions.

Based on demographic responses of 30 abundant tree species over the past two decades, in this study we analyzed the impacts of severe droughts but also of concurrent extreme wet periods, and how topographic affiliation (to shallow ‐ SWTs ‐ or deep ‐ DWTs ‐ water tables), together with species functional traits, mediated climate effects on trees.

Dry and wet extremes decreased growth and increased tree mortality, but interactions of these climatic anomalies had the highest and most positive impact, mitigating the simple negative effects. Despite being more drought‐tolerant, species in DWT forests were more negatively affected than hydraulically vulnerable species in SWT forests.

Interaction of wet–dry extremes and SWT depth modulated tree responses to climate, providing buffers to droughts in Amazonia. As extreme wet periods are projected to increase and at least 36% of the Amazon comprises SWT forests, our results highlight the importance of considering these factors in order to improve our knowledge about forest resilience to climate change.
Shadows and sparks inWuthering Heights
Authors: Panagiotopoulou Maria 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to present Heathcliff, the damned lover and romantic villain ofWuthering Heights, through the light of ancient tragedy. The hero that Emily Brontë created is reminiscent of the spirit, feelings, and actions of heroes of Greek mythology such as Deianeira, Oedipus, Electra, Orestes, Medea, and Hippolytus, who were perfectly presented in Sophoclean and Euripidean dramas. Condemned love, unfulfilled, repelled, and undefined passion, the repressed emotions of a child without identity, along with the social conviction and marginalization that accompany lowly and unspecified origins, become motivations for his narcissism and his desire for vengeance.Wuthering Heightsis a story about love and death, storm and night, and last but not least, about souls that cannot find peace because of their denial of each other. This is why one can either hate the repulsive personality of Heathcliff, or fall in love with his mystery and darkness, but no one can be indifferent to him. He is a tragic hero, a man that gave flesh and blood toodi et amo. While reading this article, I think that you will feel that Emily Brontë created her fictional villain–lover having captured in her mind echoes of the ancient figures mentioned above, figures who are haunted by deeply human feelings such as love, revenge, hatred, and suffering that determine their actions, identifying them with angels who eventually turn into demons.
“Sound is essentially your path in”
Authors: Deng Yingying , Qionglin Tan Joan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith the recent years’ emphasis, in literature and culture, on sound studies, Gary Snyder’s thoughts about sound and his creation of sound poetry become the critics’ new perspective on understanding his ecological consciousness. To his mind, poetry is an art of sound, and voice is “a mirror of his own deepest self.” His sound poetics is rooted in his evolutionary cognitive understanding of voice and sound, and aesthetically manifests itself in three characteristics: the emphasis on “suchness” and origination when sound is treated as an object of poetry; the presentation of immediacy and musicality when properties of sound are adapted as a component of poetic rhythm; the expression of nonduality when sound shows itself as a deconstruction of dualism. This article argues that Snyder conceptualizes his sound ethics—what may be understood as his “Way of Sound”—by affirming the sound of the wilderness in the subjectivity of natural speech and cultivating an ethical attitude of “no‐self” and “inhumanism” in listening to inner whispers of the universe heard in religious meditation.
Healthcare utilization in Danish children with atopic dermatitis and parental topical corticosteroid phobia
Authors: Gerner Trine , Haugaard Jeanette Halskou , Vestergaard Christian , Deleuran Mette , Jemec Gregor Borut , Mortz Charlotte Gotthard , Agner Tove , Egeberg Alexander , Skov Lone , Thyssen Jacob P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent relapsing inflammatory skin disease. There is currently little knowledge about healthcare utilization and medication use along with parental corticosteroid phobia in relation to severity of pediatric AD.ObjectivesTo study the association between parental‐reported healthcare utilization, medication use, and topical corticosteroid phobia and pediatric AD severity.MethodsThe study population included all children in Denmark with a diagnostic code of AD (ICD‐10 code, group L20) given at a hospital department of dermatology between 2014 and 2018. A questionnaire containing 158 response items was sent to the legal parents. We surveyed disease severity, AD treatment, corticosteroid phobia, and healthcare use along with other variables. Disease severity was assessed using the Patient‐Oriented Eczema Measure tool, and corticosteroid phobia was assessed using the Topical Corticosteroid Phobia (TOPICOP) score.ResultsIn total, 1343 (39%) parents completed the questionnaire and 95.3% were completed by the biological mother. Children's mean age was 8.9 ± 4.5 years, and 52.8% were boys. Severe AD was associated with a higher number of healthcare visits to GPs, private dermatologists, and hospital departments. Mean global TOPICOP score was 38.27 ± 19.9%. There was a significant inverse linear trend between global TOPICOP score and parental educational level (Ptrend < .0005).ConclusionsThe significant association between high global TOPICOP score and low parental educational level, resulting in delayed treatment of AD flares, indicates that improved family education ultimately may reduce healthcare expenses and burden of disease.
Light signalling shapes plant–plant interactions in dense canopies
Authors: Huber Martina , Nieuwendijk Nicole M. , Pantazopoulou Chrysoula K. , Pierik Ronald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlants growing at high densities interact via a multitude of pathways. Here, we provide an overview of mechanisms and functional consequences of plant architectural responses initiated by light cues that occur in dense vegetation. We will review the current state of knowledge about shade avoidance, as well as its possible applications. On an individual level, plants perceive neighbour‐associated changes in light quality and quantity mainly with phytochromes for red and far‐red light and cryptochromes and phototropins for blue light. Downstream of these photoreceptors, elaborate signalling and integration takes place with the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS, several hormones and other regulators. This signalling leads to the shade avoidance responses, consisting of hyponasty, stem and petiole elongation, apical dominance and life cycle adjustments. Architectural changes of the individual plant have consequences for the plant community, affecting canopy structure, species composition and population fitness. In this context, we highlight the ecological, evolutionary and agricultural importance of shade avoidance.
A study on stress response and fertility parameters in phenotypically thermotolerant and thermosensitive dairy cows during summer heat stress
Authors: Nanas Ioannis , Chouzouris Thomas‐Markos , Dadouli Katerina , Dovolou Eleni , Stamperna Konstantina , Barbagianni Mariana , Valasi Irini , Tsiaras Anastasios , Amiridis Georgios S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt is well documented that heat stress (HS) causes subfertility in dairy cows. However, during the last ten years we have been observing that, under high temperature–humidity index (THI ≥ 75), despite the overall reduced fertility, some cows conceive at the first artificial insemination (AI). Here, we examined distinctive features of cows with conserved fertility under severe HS. From the databases of three herds, 167 lactating Holstein cows were selected; group TT cows (n = 57) conceived in the previous summer (THI ≥ 75) at the 1st AI, and group TS (n = 110) failed to conceive at the same period after at least 2 consecutive AIs. The animals calved in spring, and in August, blood samples were collected during a hot day (THI ≥ 81) for the determination of cortisol and HSP70 concentrations. In one farm, the validity of fertility data of the previous year was re‐examined. In 28 cows from group TT and in 39 cows from group TS, the conception rate was examined during July and August. In 6 cows from each group (TT and TS) the oestrous cycles were synchronized, ovulation was induced with GnRH (THI = 80), and the concentration of the pre‐ovulatory LH surge was determined in 9 blood samples. The progesterone concentration in the ensuing cycle was determined in blood samples collected every other day. Overall, cortisol and HSP70 were significantly lower in TT group compared to TS. More (p < .05) animals from group TT conceived at the first AI compared with those from group TS. The induced pre‐ovulatory LH surge peaked at higher level (p < .002) in group TT than in group TS, while no difference was recorded among groups either in mean progesterone concentrations or in the duration of the ensuing oestrous cycle. These results are highly suggestive that thermotolerance in some dairy cows is an inherent characteristic, warranting further genetic investigation.
Endometrial expression of key genes related to fertility in repeat breeder and non‐repeat breeder cows
Authors: Jaureguiberry María , Madoz Laura Vanina , Quintana Silvina , Marín Maia , Burucúa Mercedes , Tizzano Marco , Rabaglino Belén , Rearte Ramiro , Pecoraro Marcelo Ítalo , de la Sota Rodolfo Luzbel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare the endometrial gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), nodal growth differentiation factor (NODAL), prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in repeat breeder cows (RBC) and non‐RBC during diestrus. Endometrial samples were collected by cytobrush technique and stored in RNA stabilizing solution at −20°C until RT‐qPCR analysis. Differences in endometrial mRNA expression of selected genes were assessed by ANOVA and simple (r) and the partial correlations (rp) among selected genes were performed. Results demonstrated that mRNA expression of EGFR and NODAL were higher in RBC than in non‐RBC (3 and 25‐fold change, p < .01 and p < .01, respectively), while the mRNA expression of PTGS2 was lower (1.56‐fold change, p < .01). Although there were no differences detected in the mRNA expression of ESR1 and PGR, there was a positive correlation between the expression of ESR1 and EGFR (0.84, p < .05) and a negative correlation between PGR and PTGS2 (−0.49, p < .05). In conclusion, the difference on the endometrial mRNA expression of the genes included in the study between RBC and non‐RBC indicates a deregulation of important mechanisms that are vital to establish a successful pregnancy. Thus, the present study provides useful insight as a base for future studies to elucidate the causes of RBC.
Modeling the Dose Response Relationship of Waterborne Acanthamoeba
Authors: Dean Kara , Tamrakar Sushil , Huang Yin , Rose Joan B. , Mitchell Jade 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study developed dose response models for determining the probability of eye or central nervous system infections from previously conducted studies using different strains of Acanthamoeba spp. The data were a result of animal experiments using mice and rats exposed corneally and intranasally to the pathogens. The corneal inoculations of Acanthamoeba isolate Ac 118 included varied amounts of Corynebacterium xerosis and were best fit by the exponential model. Virulence increased with higher levels of C. xerosis. The Acanthamoeba culbertsoni intranasal study with death as an endpoint of response was best fit by the beta‐Poisson model. The HN‐3 strain of A. castellanii was studied with an intranasal exposure and three different endpoints of response. For all three studies, the exponential model was the best fit. A model based on pooling data sets of the intranasal exposure and death endpoint resulted in an LD50 of 19,357 amebae. The dose response models developed in this study are an important step towards characterizing the risk associated with free‐living amoeba like Acanthamoeba in drinking water distribution systems. Understanding the human health risk posed by free‐living amoeba will allow for quantitative microbial risk assessments that support building design decisions to minimize opportunities for pathogen growth and survival.