bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron deficiency anaemia and low BMI among adolescent girls in India: the transition from 2005 to 2015
Authors: Bellizzi Saverio , Pichierri Giuseppe , Panu Napodano Catello M , Salaris Paola , Fiamma Maura , Fozza Claudio , Cegolon Luca 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:The current study explored changes in trend of anaemia and BMI among currently pregnant nullipara adolescent women against socio-economic determinants in India from 2005 through 2015. The association between anaemia in currently pregnant nullipara adolescent womenv. currently pregnant nullipara older women of reproductive age was also explored.Design:We used the 2005 and the 2015 nationally representative Indian Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). The outcomes of interest, anaemia and BMI, were measured based on the DHS methodology following WHO standards and indicators. Place of residence, educational attainment and wealth quintiles were used as determinants in the analysis.Setting:India.Participants:In total, 696 adolescent girls from the India 2005 DHS and 3041 adolescent girls from the India 2015 DHS.Results:The 10-year transition from 2005 to 2015 showed differences between the least and most wealthy sections of society, with heaviest gains in anaemia reduction over time among the latter (from 50·0 to < 40·0 %). The odds of anaemia were significantly higher among the adolescent population when compared with adult women both in 2005 and in 2015 (OR = 1·2).Conclusions:Despite an overall improvement in the prevalence of both BMI < 18·5 and anaemia among adolescents nullipara in India, the adjusted risk of anaemia in the latter category was still significantly higher as compared with their adult counterparts. Since the inequalities evidenced during the first round of DHS remained unchanged in 2015, more investments in universal health care are needed in India.
THE DISTRIBUTIVITY SPECTRUM OF BAKER’S VARIETY
Authors: LIPPARINI PAOLO 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFor everyn, we evaluate the smallestksuch that the congruence inclusion$\alpha (\beta \circ _n \gamma ) \subseteq \alpha \beta \circ _{k} \alpha \gamma $holds in a variety of reducts of lattices introduced by K. Baker. We also study varieties with a near-unanimity term and discuss identities dealing with reflexive and admissible relations.
Lack of durability after transarterial ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer-embolization of type II endoleak following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Authors: Menges Anna-Leonie , Trenner Matthias , Radu Oksana , Beddoe Daisy , Kallmayer Michael , Zimmermann Alexander , Eckstein Hans-Henning 
Published: October 2020

Summary: Background: Type II endoleak (T2EL) after endovascular aortic repair is associated with AAA sac enlargements in up to 25%, reduction of attachment zones and rarely with aortic rupture. Indications for therapy and efficacy of interventions of T2EL are not clearly established. Transarterial embolization with application of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer has been described with varying outcomes. Aim of this study is to evaluate durability of OnyxTM embolization (OE) in T2EL in a consecutive series at a single tertiary vascular center. Patients and methods: Demographic data, technical success, pre- and postoperative aneurysm growth, morbidity, mortality and reintervention rates during hospital stay as well as in follow up were recorded in patients treated with OE for T2EL between 01/2015 and 12/2017. The primary endpoint was defined as persistence or reoccurrence of T2EL (durability of OE). Results: In total 15 patients (78 ± 6 years, 13 men) were treated with OE because of sac enlargement (average growth of 12 ± 8%, n = 12), persistent bleeding after AAA rupture (n = 2) or persistent T2EL with stable but large aneurysm diameter (n = 1). Mean length of stay was 8 ± 11 days. Technical success was 93.3% (n = 14). Inhospital-morbidity was 26.7%, in-hospital- and 1-year-mortality rate were 6.6% (n = 1) and 20.0% (n = 3). T2EL persisted in 20.0% (n = 3) despite of OE. Re-EL-II occurred after 40 (30–114) days in 33.3% (n = 5). Reintervention rate was 13.3% (n = 2, at day 48 and 319). Altogether clinical success with stable aneurysm diameter was achieved in 80.0% (n = 12), but durable elimination of EL was only achieved in 46.7% of patients (n = 7). Conclusions: OE is technically possible in more than 90% of patients but might be associated with severe complications. Durability of this treatment is low, since T2EL persist or reoccur in more than 50% of all patients. OE of T2EL should be reserved for few selected cases.
Coupling of the Surface and Near‐Bottom Currents in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Zhu Yingli , Liang Xinfeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoupling between the surface and near‐bottom currents in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) has been reported in many case studies. However, geographical variations of this coupling need more examination. In this study, surface geostrophic currents derived from satellite‐observed sea surface height and subsurface currents from a collection of deep ocean moorings are used to examine the surface and bottom coupling in different parts of the GoM. The short‐period (30–90 days) fluctuations generated by the Loop Current (LC) and the LC eddies (LCEs) have a more vertically coherent structure and stronger deep ocean expressions than the long‐period fluctuations (>90 days). In addition, the strength of the coupling is modulated by the long‐period variations of the LC and LCE sheddings. Moreover, the surface and bottom coupling varies geographically. In the LC region, the surface fluctuations along the eastern side of the LC are important in causing the bottom current fluctuations through baroclinic instability under the LC and through traveling topographic Rossby waves (TRWs) north of the LC. In the central deep GoM, the bottom currents are affected by the upper fluctuations of the northern LC through both local baroclinic instability and remote TRW propagation. In the northwestern GoM, the bottom current fluctuations are largely related to the remote surface variability from the west side of the LC by TRWs propagating northwestward. This study will help us better understand mechanisms of the bottom current fluctuations that are important for the dispersal of deep ocean materials and properties.
Circulating biomarkers and outcomes from a randomised phase 2 trial of gemcitabine versus capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Willenbrock Frances , Cox Catrin M. , Parkes Eileen E. , Wilhelm-Benartzi Charlotte S. , Abraham Aswin G. , Owens Robert , Sabbagh Ahmad , Jones Christopher M. , Hughes Daniel L. I. , Maughan Tim , Hurt Christopher N. , O’Neill Eric E. , Mukherjee Somnath 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The Phase 2 SCALOP trial compared gemcitabine with capecitabine-based consolidation chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC).

Methods
Thirty-five systematically identified circulating biomarkers were analysed in plasma samples from 60 patients enroled in SCALOP. Each was measured in triplicate at baseline (prior to three cycles of gemcitabine-capecitabine induction chemotherapy) and, for a subset, prior to CRT. Association with overall survival (OS) was determined using univariable Cox regression and optimal thresholds delineating low to high values identified using time-dependent ROC curves. Independence from known prognostic factors was assessed using Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon rank sum test prior to multivariable Cox regression modelling including independent biomarkers and known prognostic factors.

Results
Baseline circulating levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) were significantly associated with OS, independent of other clinicopathological characteristics. Patients with low circulating CCL5 (CCL5low) had a median OS of 18.5 (95% CI 11.76–21.32) months compared to 11.3 (95% CI 9.86–15.51) months in CCL5high; hazard ratio 1.95 (95% CI 1.04–8.65; p = 0.037).

Conclusions
CCL5 is an independent prognostic biomarker in LAPC. Given the known role of CCL5 in tumour invasion, metastasis and the induction of an immunosuppressive micro-environment, targeting of CCL5-mediated pathways may offer therapeutic potential in pancreatic cancer.

Clinical trial registration
The SCALOP trial was registered with ISRCTN, number 96169987 (registered 29 May 2008).
3D printed graphene-based self-powered strain sensors for smart tires in autonomous vehicles
Authors: Maurya Deepam , Khaleghian Seyedmeysam , Sriramdas Rammohan , Kumar Prashant , Kishore Ravi Anant , Kang Min Gyu , Kumar Vireshwar , Song Hyun-Cheol , Lee Seul-Yi , Yan Yongke , Park Jung-Min , Taheri Saied , Priya Shashank 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe transition of autonomous vehicles into fleets requires an advanced control system design that relies on continuous feedback from the tires. Smart tires enable continuous monitoring of dynamic parameters by combining strain sensing with traditional tire functions. Here, we provide breakthrough in this direction by demonstrating tire-integrated system that combines direct mask-less 3D printed strain gauges, flexible piezoelectric energy harvester for powering the sensors and secure wireless data transfer electronics, and machine learning for predictive data analysis. Ink of graphene based material was designed to directly print strain sensor for measuring tire-road interactions under varying driving speeds, normal load, and tire pressure. A secure wireless data transfer hardware powered by a piezoelectric patch is implemented to demonstrate self-powered sensing and wireless communication capability. Combined, this study significantly advances the design and fabrication of cost-effective smart tires by demonstrating practical self-powered wireless strain sensing capability.
Methanol-dependent Escherichia coli strains with a complete ribulose monophosphate cycle
Authors: Keller Philipp , Noor Elad , Meyer Fabian , Reiter Michael A. , Anastassov Stanislav , Kiefer Patrick , Vorholt Julia A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMethanol is a biotechnologically promising substitute for food and feed substrates since it can be produced renewably from electricity, water and CO2. Although progress has been made towards establishing Escherichia coli as a platform organism for methanol conversion via the energy efficient ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle, engineering strains that rely solely on methanol as a carbon source remains challenging. Here, we apply flux balance analysis to comprehensively identify methanol-dependent strains with high potential for adaptive laboratory evolution. We further investigate two out of 1200 candidate strains, one with a deletion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fbp) and another with triosephosphate isomerase (tpiA) deleted. In contrast to previous reported methanol-dependent strains, both feature a complete RuMP cycle and incorporate methanol to a high degree, with up to 31 and 99% fractional incorporation into RuMP cycle metabolites. These strains represent ideal starting points for evolution towards a fully methylotrophic lifestyle.
Powerful extragalactic jets dissipate their kinetic energy far from the central black hole
Authors: Harvey Adam Leah W. , Georganopoulos Markos , Meyer Eileen T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAccretion onto the supermassive black hole in some active galactic nuclei (AGN) drives relativistic jets of plasma, which dissipate a significant fraction of their kinetic energy into gamma-ray radiation. The location of energy dissipation in powerful extragalactic jets is currently unknown, with implications for particle acceleration, jet formation, jet collimation, and energy dissipation. Previous studies have been unable to constrain the location between possibilities ranging from the sub-parsec-scale broad-line region to the parsec-scale molecular torus, and beyond. Here we show using a simple diagnostic that the more distant molecular torus is the dominant location for powerful jets. This diagnostic, called the seed factor, is dependent only on observable quantities, and is unique to the seed photon population at the location of gamma-ray emission. Using 62 multiwavelength, quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions of gamma-ray quasars, we find a seed factor distribution which peaks at a value corresponding to the molecular torus, demonstrating that energy dissipation occurs ~1 parsec from the black hole (or ~104 Schwarzchild radii for a 109M⊙ black hole).
Host genetic variation explains reduced protection of commercial vaccines against Piscirickettsia salmonis in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Figueroa Carolina , Veloso Pamela , Espin Lenin , Dixon Brian , Torrealba Débora , Elalfy Islam Said , Afonso Juan Manuel , Soto Carlos , Conejeros Pablo , Gallardo José A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVaccination is a widely used control strategy to prevent Piscirickettsia salmonis causing disease in salmon farming. However, it is not known why all the currently available commercial vaccines generally fail to protect against this pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report, from two different populations, that between-family variation is a strong intrinsic factor that determines vaccine protection for this disease. While in some full-sib families, the protection added by vaccination increased the survival time in 13 days in comparison with their unvaccinated siblings; in other families, there was no added protection by vaccination or even it was slightly negative. Resistance to P. salmonis, measured as days to death, was higher in vaccinated than unvaccinated fish, but only a moderate positive genetic correlation was obtained between these traits. This disputes a previous hypothesis, that stated that both traits were fully controlled by the same genes, and challenges the use of unvaccinated fish as gold standard for evaluating and selecting fish resistant to P. salmonis, particularly if the offspring will be vaccinated. More studies are necessary to evaluate if variation in the host immune response to vaccination could explain the between-family differences in resistance observed in vaccinated fish.
Chemical and spectroscopic signatures of resins from Sumatra (Sarolangun mine, Jambi Province) and Germany (Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt)
Authors: Drzewicz Przemysław , Naglik Beata , Natkaniec-Nowak Lucyna , Dumańska-Słowik Magdalena , Stach Paweł , Kwaśny Mirosław , Matusik Jakub , Milovský Rastislav , Skonieczny Janusz , Kubica-Bąk Dorota 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFossil resins from Miocene coal deposit (Sarolangun mine, Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia) have been analysed using spectroscopic methods: Raman Spectroscopy (RS), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR),13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), Fluorescence Spectroscopy (FS), and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) in order to describe their diagnostic features. Simultaneously, glessite, a fossil resin from Upper Oligocene Bitterfeld deposit (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany), originating from similar botanical sources (i.e. angiosperms) was tested with the same analytical methods in order to find similarities and differences between the resins. The resins differ in colour, transparency and amounts of inclusions (resins from Sumatra—yellow, and transparent with few inclusions; glessite—brown–red, translucent with wealth of inclusions). In general, the IR and RS spectra of these resins are very similar, probably because the glessite colour-changing additives can be very subtle and non-observable in the infrared region. The RS spectra revealed also a slight difference in intensity ratio of the 1650/1450 cm−1bands (0.56 and 0.68 for Sumatra and Germany resins, respectively), indicating a differences in their maturation process. The resins from Sumatra seem to be more mature than glessite from Germany. The excitation–emission (EM–EX) and synchronous spectra showed unique, chemical compositions of these resins, which are different one from another. The GC–MS data for Sumatran resins, dominated by sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids (amyrin), confirmed their botanical origin (angiosperms as their biological affinities). The sesquiterpenoid biomarkers with cadine-structures suggested the glessite underwent more advanced polymerization processes, which does not correlate with its RS spectrum. The geological factors, the environmental conditions of resin deposition, and later various diagenesis processes may have influenced the maturation and crosslinking of compounds. Despite the genetic similarity of the resins from various part of the world, Sumatra and Germany, advanced techniques such as Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy were the most useful to find the differences between them. These differences are predominantly a result of different diagenetic transformations of the resins.
Preclinical validation of therapeutic targets predicted by tensor factorization on heterogeneous graphs
Authors: Paliwal Saee , de Giorgio Alex , Neil Daniel , Michel Jean-Baptiste , Lacoste Alix MB 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncorrect drug target identification is a major obstacle in drug discovery. Only 15% of drugs advance from Phase II to approval, with ineffective targets accounting for over 50% of these failures1–3. Advances in data fusion and computational modeling have independently progressed towards addressing this issue. Here, we capitalize on both these approaches with Rosalind, a comprehensive gene prioritization method that combines heterogeneous knowledge graph construction with relational inference via tensor factorization to accurately predict disease-gene links. Rosalind demonstrates an increase in performance of 18%-50% over five comparable state-of-the-art algorithms. On historical data, Rosalind prospectively identifies 1 in 4 therapeutic relationships eventually proven true. Beyond efficacy, Rosalind is able to accurately predict clinical trial successes (75% recall at rank 200) and distinguish likely failures (74% recall at rank 200). Lastly, Rosalind predictions were experimentally tested in a patient-derived in-vitro assay for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which yielded 5 promising genes, one of which is unexplored in RA.
Prediction of the binding interface between monoclonal antibody m102.4 and Nipah attachment glycoprotein using structure-guided alanine scanning and computational docking
Authors: Tit-oon Phanthakarn , Tharakaraman Kannan , Artpradit Charlermchai , Godavarthi Abhinav , Sungkeeree Pareenart , Sasisekharan Varun , Kerdwong Jarunee , Miller Nathaniel Loren , Mahajan Bhuvna , Khongmanee Amnart , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Sasisekharan Ram , Fuangthong Mayuree 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNipah Virus (NiV) has been designated as a priority disease with an urgent need for therapeutic development by World Health Organization. The monoclonal antibody m102.4 binds to the immunodominant NiV receptor-binding glycoprotein (GP), and potently neutralizes NiV, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent. Although the co-crystal structure of m102.3, an m102.4 derivative, in complex with the GP of the related Hendra Virus (HeV) has been solved, the structural interaction between m102.4 and NiV is uncharacterized. Herein, we used structure-guided alanine-scanning mutagenesis to map the functional epitope and paratope residues that govern the antigen–antibody interaction. Our results revealed that the binding of m102.4 is mediated predominantly by two residues in the HCDR3 region, which is unusually small for an antibody-antigen interaction. We performed computational docking to generate a structural model of m102.4-NiV interaction. Our model indicates that m102.4 targets the common hydrophobic central cavity and a hydrophilic rim on the GP, as observed for the m102.3-HeV co-crystal, albeit with Fv orientation differences. In summary, our study provides insight into the m102.4-NiV interaction, demonstrating that structure-guided alanine-scanning and computational modeling can serve as the starting point for additional antibody reengineering (e.g. affinity maturation) to generate potential therapeutic candidates.
Background pressure effects on MeV protons accelerated via relativistically intense laser-plasma interactions
Authors: Snyder Joseph , Morrison John , Feister Scott , Frische Kyle , George Kevin , Le Manh , Orban Christopher , Ngirmang Gregory , Chowdhury Enam , Roquemore William 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present how chamber background pressure affects energetic proton acceleration from an ultra-intense laser incident on a thin liquid target. A high-repetition-rate (100 Hz), 3.5 mJ laser with peak intensity of $$8 \times 10^{18}\,\text {Wcm}^{-2}$$

8
×

10
18

Wcm

-
2

impinged on a 450 nm sheet of flowing liquid ethylene glycol. For these parameters, we experimentally demonstrate a threshold in laser-to-proton conversion efficiency at background pressures $$< 8\,\text {Torr}$$

<
8

Torr

, wherein the overall energy in ions $$>1\,\text {MeV}$$

>
1

MeV

increases by an order of magnitude. Proton acceleration becomes increasingly efficient at lower background pressures and laser-to-proton conversion efficiency approaches a constant as the vacuum pressure decreases. We present two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations and a charge neutralization model to support our experimental findings. Our experiment demonstrates that high vacuum is not required for energetic ion acceleration, which relaxes target debris requirements and facilitates applications of high-repetition rate laser-based proton accelerators.
Disentangling etiologies of CNS infections in Singapore using multiple correspondence analysis and random forest
Authors: Zellweger Raphaël M. , Yacoub Sophie , Chan Yvonne F. Z. , Soon Derek , Shafi Humaira , Ooi Say Tat , Chan Monica , Jacobson Leslie , Sessions October M. , Vincent Angela , Low Jenny Guek Hong , Ooi Eng Eong , Wang Linfa , Wijaya Limin , Tan Kevin ,   the Singapore Neurologic Infections Program (SNIP)
Published: October 2020

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, with mounting concern about new and emerging neurologic infections. Stratifying etiologies based on initial clinical and laboratory data would facilitate etiology-based treatment rather than relying on empirical treatment. Here, we report the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of patients with CNS infections from a prospective surveillance study that took place between 2013 and 2016 in Singapore. Using multiple correspondence analysis and random forest, we analyzed the link between clinical presentation, laboratory results, outcome and etiology. Of 199 patients, etiology was identified as infectious in 110 (55.3%, 95%-CI 48.3–62.0), immune-mediated in 10 (5.0%, 95%-CI 2.8–9.0), and unknown in 79 patients (39.7%, 95%-CI 33.2–46.6). The initial presenting clinical features were associated with the prognosis at 2 weeks, while laboratory-related parameters were related to the etiology of CNS disease. The parameters measured were helpful to stratify etiologies in broad categories, but were not able to discriminate completely between all the etiologies. Our results suggest that while prognosis of CNS is clearly related to the initial clinical presentation, pinpointing etiology remains challenging. Bio-computational methods which identify patterns in complex datasets may help to supplement CNS infection diagnostic and prognostic decisions.