bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involving People With Lived Experience in Electronic Health Record Database Studies Reflections and Learning From the CHOOSE Study
Authors: Cockcroft Emma , Bassi Vidhi , Mok Pearl L. H. , Adams Alex , Claro Anabel A. , Trafford Alex M. , Carr Matthew J. , Ashcroft Darren M. , Garavini Emma , Temple Rachel , Webb Roger T. , Garg Shruti , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) is integral to health research. Reporting of PPIE methods and impact is becoming increasingly common in health research. However, reporting on PPIE in studies using large, routinely collected electronic health record data sets is less common. Anecdotal evidence suggests that involvement in this research context is more challenging and offers fewer opportunities for meaningful influence on the research process.ObjectivesThis paper reports the involvement approach for a Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) study and critically reflects on the process and impact of involving young people, parents and carers in research using this UK primary care electronic health record data set.MethodsThe CHOOSE study investigated mental health diagnoses of children and young people (1–24 years) during the COVID‐19 pandemic using the CPRD. The study was informed by a Lived Experience Advisory Panel (LEAP) which consisted of 13 members including 8 young people (13–25 years) with lived experience of mental health difficulties and 5 parents/carers, with involvement activities facilitated by project partners, mental health research charity, The McPinR Foundation. We reflect on this process in this manuscript.ResultsKey benefits of involving people with lived experience in this research included making sense of and contextualising findings and ensuring that they were focused on making a difference to young people's lives. Challenges included the fixed nature of the CPRD data, which did not capture all the information people with lived experience perceived to be important. Researchers expressed limited time for PPIE activities although that was compensated by McPin colleagues who organised and facilitated online meetings, and supported the young people, parents and carers during and between meetings.ConclusionsThis paper describes an approach to patient and public involvement in an electronic health record database study. Working collaboratively with young people, carers and other stakeholders requires sufficient time and adequate resources. We also highlight the importance of appropriate training and support and being transparent about the limitations of PPIE involvement.Patient or Public ContributionThree members of the CHOOSE LEAP have been involved in conceptualising and writing this paper.
Changing Behaviour by Adding an Option
Authors: Fuchs Lukas 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAdding an option is a neglected mechanism for bringing about behavioural change. This mechanism is distinct from nudges, which are changes in the choice architecture, and instead makes it possible to pursue republican paternalism, a unique form of paternalism in which choices are changed by expanding people's set of options. I argue that this is truly a form of paternalism (albeit a relatively soft one) and illustrate some of its manifestations in public policy, specifically public options and market creation. Furthermore, I compare it with libertarian paternalism on several dimensions, namely respect for individuals' agency, effectiveness, and efficiency. Finally, I consider whether policymakers have the necessary knowledge to successfully change behaviour by adding options. Given that adding an option has key advantages over nudges in most if not all of these dimensions, it should be considered indispensable in the behavioural policymaker's toolbox.
Relationship between the progression of diabetic polyneuropathy and impaired circadian blood pressure variability
Authors: Yamagami Dai , Deguchi Takahisa , Arimura Aiko , Nishio Yoshihiko 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionWe evaluated the 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data of patients to investigate the relationship between the progression of diabetic polyneuropathy and impaired circadian blood pressure variability.Materials and MethodsThis study included 154 patients with diabetes who were hospitalized for hyperglycemic control. Routine biochemical and hematological tests, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, screening for diabetic complications, nerve conduction studies, and Holter electrocardiography were carried out on all patients. They were classified according to the Baba classification and the clinical staging for diabetic polyneuropathy, and their ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data were compared.ResultsThe patients were classified into stages 0 (n = 64), I (n = 42), II (n = 24), III (n = 11) and IV (n = 13) according to the Baba classification. As the severity of diabetic polyneuropathy progressed, the degree of nocturnal blood pressure reduction decreased and the percentage of patients with riser‐type impaired circadian blood pressure variability increased. Similar results were observed in patients classified according to the clinical staging for diabetic polyneuropathy. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the severity of diabetic neuropathy and urinary albumin excretion were independently associated with the percentage of patients with riser‐type. However, the adjusted odds ratio was the highest for Baba class I and decreased with increasing severity.ConclusionsPatients with progressive diabetic polyneuropathy and renal impairment often show impaired circadian blood pressure variability. The progression of electrophysiological and clinical neuropathy is associated with riser‐type circadian blood pressure variability independent of urinary albumin excretion, insulin therapy, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor medication and body mass index.
Altered metabolic function induced by Aβ‐oligomers and PSEN1 mutations in iPSC‐derived astrocytes
Authors: Elsworthy Richard J. , Finelli Mattea J. , Aqattan Sarah , Dunleavy Connor , King Marianne , Ludlam Adele , Tarczyluk Marta A. , Allen Sophie L. , Prosser Sophie , Chen Rui , Jarquin Sandra Martinez , Kim Dong H. , Brown James , Parri H. R. , Aldred Sarah , Hill Eric J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAltered energy metabolism in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major pathological hallmark implicated in the early stages of the disease process. Astrocytes play a central role in brain homeostasis and are implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Although numerous studies have investigated global changes in brain metabolism, redox status, gene expression and epigenetic markers in AD, the intricate interplay between different metabolic processes, particularly in astrocytes, remains poorly understood. Numerous studies have implicated amyloid‐β and the amyloid‐β precursor in the development and progression of AD. To determine the effects of amyloid‐β peptides or the impact of amyloid‐β precursor protein processing on astrocyte metabolism, we differentiated astrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from people with early onset familial AD and controls. This study demonstrates that familial AD‐derived astrocytes exhibit significantly more changes in their metabolism including glucose uptake, glutamate uptake and lactate release, with increases in oxidative and glycolytic metabolism compared to acute amyloid‐β exposure. In addition to changes in major metabolic pathways including glutamate, purine and arginine metabolism and the citric acid cycle, we demonstrate evidence of gliosis in familial AD astrocytes highlighting a potential pathological hallmark. This suggests that chronic alterations in metabolism may occur very early in the disease process and present significant risk factors for disease progression for patients with early onset AD. These findings may also reveal important drivers of disease in late onset dementia and highlights key targets for potential diagnostic features and therapeutic agents in the future.image
Performance and durability of additively and subtractively manufactured resin‐based onlay restorations after thermomechanical aging
Authors: Güven Mehmet Esad , Donmez Mustafa Borga , Tezcan Ayyüce Nur , Yoon Hyung‐In , Yilmaz Burak , Çakmak Gülce 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of material type on dimensional stability, occlusal surface wear, fracture resistance, and failure behavior of resin‐based onlay restorations.Material and MethodsA mandibular right first molar typodont was prepared and digitized using an intraoral scanner to virtually design an onlay restoration with the minimum occlusal thickness of 1.5 mm. Resin‐based onlay restorations (n = 15 per group) were fabricated either additively from 2 different resins indicated either for definitive or interim use or subtractively with a composite resin. After cementing onlays to corresponding dies, each of them was digitized before and after thermomechanical aging (B‐STL and A‐STL), and then subjected to load‐to‐failure test to evaluate fracture resistance. The B‐STL and A‐STL of each onlay were also compared to assess the dimensional stability and occlusal surface wear. One‐way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were used to evaluate dimensional stability, occlusal surface wear, and fracture resistance. The chi‐square test was used to evaluate the Weibull modulus and characteristic strength among the groups (α = 0.05).ResultsMaterial type affected investigated outcomes (p < 0.001). The additively manufactured resin indicated for definitive use led to the highest external surface deviations and the additively manufactured resin indicated for interim use led to the highest mesiodistal width deviations (p ≤ 0.033). The onlays fabricated from the additively manufactured resin indicated for definitive use had the highest occlusal surface wear, while those in composite resin had the lowest (p ≤ 0.006). The composite resin onlays had the highest fracture resistance values and reliability (p ≤ 0.035).ConclusionsTested subtractively manufactured composite resin had the lowest occlusal surface wear with the highest fracture resistance and reliability. Additively manufactured resins had lower dimensional stability, while tested resin for additively manufactured definitive restorations had the highest occlusal surface wear.
Skeletal Phenotyping of Period‐1‐Deficient Melatonin‐Proficient Mice
Authors: Bahlmann Olaf , Taheri Shahed , Spaeth Manuela , Schröder Katrin , Schilling Arndt F. , Dullin Christian , Maronde Erik 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn mice, variability in adult bone size and density has been observed among common inbred strains. Also, in the group of genes regulating circadian rhythmicity in mice, so called clock genes, changes in body size and skeletal parameters have been noted in knockout mice. Here, we studied the size and density of prominent bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton of clock gene Period‐1‐deficient (Per1‐/‐) mice by means of microcomputed tomography. Our data show shorter spinal length, smaller and less dense femora and tibiae, but no significant changes in the shape of the skull and the length of the head. Together with the significantly lower total body weight of Per1‐/‐ mice, we conclude that Per1‐deficiency in a melatonin‐proficient mouse strain is associated with an altered body phenotype with smaller appendicular (hind limb) bone size, shorter spine length and lower total body weight while normal head length and brain weight. The observed changes suggest an involvement of secondary bone mineralisation with impact on long bones, but lesser impact on those of the skull. Evidence and overall physiological implications of these findings are discussed.
Inflation Persistence in the G7: The Effects of the Covid‐19 Pandemic and of the Russia‐Ukraine War
Authors: Usman Nuruddeen , Gil‐Alana Luis Alberiko 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis note analyses how shocks caused by the Covid‐19 and the Russia‐Ukraine crisis impact on inflation persistence G7 countries. Using data ending at December‐2019, high estimates of the persistence parameter d indicate a strong persistence of inflation. The unit root hypothesis could not be refuted for Germany, Japan, and the United States, while this hypothesis is rejected in favour of higher orders of integration in the remaining cases. Expanding the dataset to include the pandemic and the Russia‐Ukraine crisis reveal that d‐values remain significantly elevated across all countries, reinforcing the persistence of inflation. Interestingly, Canada, previously excluded from the group, now aligns with Germany, Japan, and the United States. This suggests a change in inflation dynamics for Canada during these extraordinary periods. Additionally, employing a recursive estimate reveals a slight increase in inflation persistence for most countries, except Japan, which exhibits an almost flat trend in the evolution of the differencing parameter.
The Fixed or Variable Rate Loan Decision: Which Small Businesses Prefer the Certainty of Fixed Rate Loans and Which Banks Offer Them?
Authors: Cowling Marc , Wong Kit Pong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIf a small business expects that interest rates will rise in the future then it is rational to insure oneself against this by accepting a fixed rate loan. In addition, small firms may prefer the certainty of fixed interest payments throughout the term of a loan. However, banks may prefer to offer variable rate loans as this insures them against volatility and uncertainty of their funding cost and shifts risk to the borrower. In this paper we empirically analyse what types of lending institutions offer fixed rate loans and what types of small firms accept them using a large UK data set from 2009–2020 covering government guaranteed loans. We initially found that fixed rate loans are more expensive than variable rate loans on average, and that larger firms and those taking out longer maturity loans were more likely to take out fixed rate loans. In contrast, larger size loans were more likely to be issued on a variable interest rate and by a larger lending institution. As large banks made greater returns from fixed rate loans, they increased use of them over the decade to favoured borrowers suggesting that regret aversion also played a role in the bank's decision and also that macroeconomic conditions were improving after the Global Financial Crisis.
Integrating digital technologies into teaching embodied knowledge in the context of physical examination
Authors: Lees Jessica , Risǿr Torsten , Sweet Linda , Bearman Margaret 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a growing presence of digital technologies in clinical learning environments. However, there is little research into how such technologies shape embodied teaching and learning for health professional students. This study aims to explore current teaching practices in health disciplines to illuminate how digital technologies are used to facilitate the development of embodied knowledge during student learning of physical examination.MethodsA qualitative interpretive approach was undertaken, sensitised by body pedagogics as a theoretical frame. In‐depth interviews with 18 clinical educators across the disciplines of medicine, physiotherapy, midwifery and nursing were held. These interviews explored their current practices for teaching physical examination. The data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis combined with a ‘thinking with theory’ approach, in which the theoretical framework of body pedagogics was central to guiding the reflexive and interpretative process.ResultsWe interpreted a framework of five approaches where digital technologies are used to develop bodily knowledge: for sensate knowing; for modelling; for rehearsing; for guiding practice and for providing feedback information.ConclusionFindings suggest that in current teaching practices, digital technology may be used to facilitate multiple essential elements of physical examination instruction. We conceptualised a framework that extends body pedagogics, where we recognise the multiple roles of digital technology for developing bodily knowledge in the context of physical examination.
“Creation” of new possibilities in museum collections—Tamara Cardinal's jingle dress and its potential to disrupt hegemony in museum collections
Authors: Foote Amanda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article explores the ways a work by Nêhiyaw (Cree) artist Tamara Cardinal (including performance art and a material item: a jingle dress with natural clay cones) takes an active role in transforming museum collection management. I argue that Cardinal's art, taken in context of Indigenous and museum interaction and some movements in performance art, transforms museum practice through its collection as a work of art.
Immigrant IT Workers' Experiences With Remote Work: Temporal, Spatial, and Ideological Dimensions of Paid/Unpaid Work and Care
Authors: de Laat Kim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines immigrant IT workers' experiences with remote work. Through interviews with 21 immigrant IT employees, I find that remote work is used to bridge care/work obligations. Bridging occurs spatially, for example, when working from home enables family members to return to countries of origin for extended periods of time. And bridging occurs ideologically, by enabling remote workers to enact gendered self‐concepts that may be otherwise challenging to achieve. For women, this means they can maintain focus on paid work, while for men, it means engaging in involved fatherhood by taking on more childcare duties. These findings enhance the social shaping of technology perspective by delineating immigrants' gendered relationships with ICT‐mediated remote work, and the intricacies of time use. While ICT‐mediated remote work is conferred on individual employees, it is used to allocate a variety of (unpaid) care relations, both intra‐ and inter‐household. Remote work is not merely an individual‐level experience, and preferences for and against it may be incidental, in the case of immigrants. Rather it is necessary for many to bridge care/work gaps shaped by immigrants' experiences.
Stable isotope tempestology of tropical cyclones across the North Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Ocean basins
Authors: Sánchez‐Murillo Ricardo , Herrera Dimitris A. , Farrick Kegan K. , Esquivel‐Hernández Germain , Sánchez‐Gutiérrez Rolando , Barberena‐Moncada Javier , Guatemala‐Herrera Jorge , Flores‐Meza Yelba , Cerón‐Pineda Roberto , Gil‐Urrutia Laura , Cardona‐Hernández Jorge , Peña‐Paz Tania , Hernández‐Ortiz Junior O. , Harrison‐Smith Wendy , Marshall Geoffrey , Persoiu Aurel , Pérez‐Quezadas Juan , Mejía‐González Miguel , González‐Hita Luis , de Calderón Marcia Barrera , García‐Moya Alejandro , Hernández Debora , Welsh Kristen , Price Rene M. , Riveros‐Iregui Diego A. , Voarintsoa Ny Riavo G. , Bregy Joshua C. , Sánchez‐Llull Minerva , Alonso‐Hernández Carlos , Santos‐García Saúl , Durán‐Quesada Ana M. , Birkel Christian , Boll Jan , Cobb Kim M. , Obando‐Amador Adrián F. , Vargas‐Azofeifa Ingrid M. , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Soulsby Chris , Dee Sylvia G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the major natural hazards to island and coastal communities and ecosystems. However, isotopic compositions of TC‐derived precipitation (P) in surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) reservoirs are still lacking. We tested the three main assumptions of the isotope storm “spike” hypothesis (sudden spikes in isotopic ratios). Our database covers 40 TCs and is divided into recent (N = 778; 2012–2023) and archived (N = 236; 1984–1995) rainfall isotope observations and SW/GW isotope monitoring (N = 6013; 2014–2023). Seasonal rainfall contribution from TCs ranged from less than 1% to over 54% (4% on average) between 1984 and 2023. Mean δ18O compositions across TCs domains were significantly lower than the regional (noncyclonic) δ18O mean (−5.24 ± 4.27‰): maritime (−6.29 ± 3.28‰), coastal (−7.78 ± 4.28‰), and inland (−9.80 ± 5.18‰) values. Coastal and maritime TC convection resulted in large rainfall amounts with high isotope compositions. This could bias past climate reconstructions toward unrealistic drier conditions. Significant δ18O and d‐excess differences were found between storm intensities. P/SW and P/GW isotope ratios revealed the rapid propagation of TC excursions in freshwater systems. Our findings highlight the potential of TC isotope observations for diagnosing intensity and frequency in paleoproxies beyond idealized TC models.
Characterization of a tomato chlh mis‐sense mutant reveals a new function of ChlH in fruit ripening
Authors: Xu Dawei , Lin Li , Liu Xiaorui , Wangzha MeLongying , Pang Xiaoqing , Feng Liping , Wan Bingbing , Wu Guo‐Zhang , Yu Jingquan , Rochaix Jean‐David , Grimm Bernhard , Yin Ruohe 
Published: December 2024

SummaryTomato fruit ripening is a complex developmental process that is important for fruit quality and shelf life. Many factors, including ethylene and several key transcription factors, have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of tomato fruit ripening. However, our understanding of the regulation of tomato fruit ripening is still limited. Here, we describe mut26, an EMS‐induced tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant that exhibits chlorophyll‐deficient phenotypes in various organs, including fruits. Genetic mapping and functional analyses revealed that a single‐nucleotide substitution and a corresponding Pro398–>Ser mis‐sense mutation in SlChlH (GENOMES UNCOUPLED 5, GUN5), which encodes the H subunit of magnesium chelatase, are responsible for the defects in the mut26 strain. Transcript analyses towards the expression of many SlPhANGs revealed that mut26 is defective in plastid retrograde signalling during tomato fruit ripening initiation, namely the transition from mature green to breaker stage. mut26 exhibits delayed progression of fruit ripening characterized by reduced fruit ethylene emission, increased fruit firmness, reduced carotenoid content and delayed plastid conversion from chloroplast to chromoplast. Given that fruit ripening requires signalling from plastids to nucleus, these data support the hypothesis that GUN5‐mediated plastid retrograde signalling promotes tomato fruit ripening. We further showed that the delayed fruit ripening of mut26 is not likely caused by reduced chlorophyll content. Taken together, we identified a new function of SlChlH in the promotion of tomato fruit ripening and ethylene biosynthesis, suggesting that GUN5‐mediated plastid retrograde signalling plays a promotive role in tomato fruit ripening.