bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PLACENTA IN CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT HYPOSPADIAS
Authors: S. Bindhu , Avadhani R K , Jacob Meera 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Hypospadias can be defined as an abnormal urethral orifice under surface of the penis with or without chordee and with or without dorsal hood. At a critical time in sexual differentiation of the male fetus, HCG enters fetal plasma from syncytio trophoblast; acts as an LH surrogate and stimulate replication of testicular Ley dig cells and testosterone synthesis to promote male sexual differentiation. The placental insufficiency may disrupt the supply of nutrients and hcG to the fetus leading to growth retardation and hypospadias.
Aim: The aim of this study was to observe and document morphological changes of placenta in children with hypospadias and compare with controls.
Materials & Methods: The present study was a case control study from July 2008 to July 2011 The data base of the labor registries of the hospital indicated that there were total 3243 male births during this period. All examined for presence /absence of hypospadias by attending pediatrician. Hypospadias was detected in 17 male newborns. Control cases comprised of 68 male newborns without hypospadias of similar gestational age and birth weight collected by cluster sampling.
Result:
Total number of male birth during the study period was 3243, in that17 children born with hypospadias. The incidence of hypospadias in our hospital was 0.52%. Gestational age, Birth weight, Placental weight, Placental thickness, Placental volume, volume of infarcts, F.P Ratio, Cord length, were similar in children with hypospadias when compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Fetal factors like gestational age, birth weight, placental weight, Feto-placental ratio were not significantly associated with hypospadias. This study shows no role of placenta in the etiology of hypospadias in children with normal birth weight.
STRESS AND BURNOUT ASSESSMENT AMONG POST GRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS
Authors: Shetty Aditya , Shetty Amrith , Hegde Mithra N , Narasimhan Dhanya , Shetty Shishir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Context: High levels of stress and burnout affect the academic, and clinical learning process and long term health of the individual.
Aims: The aim of the study was to assess stress and burnout among post graduate dental students in a dental college in India
Settings and Design: 82 post graduate dental students enrolled in the MDS programme in a dental school in India completed the Graduate Dental Environment Stress (GDES) questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Burnout was assessed in three domains Emotional Exhaution, Depersonalization and Personal Accomplishment
Statistical analysis used: Summary statistics (proportions, mean and standard deviation) were used to summarize the responses to the Graduate Dental Environment Stress (GDES) questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory
Results: The statistical analysis revealed that the mean overall score on GDES 30 stress questionnaire was 2.28. Top three stressors among the Postgraduate students was lack of leisure time, examinations and assessments, and insecurity regarding professional future . Females had significantly higher stress rates . 21% of respondents were “cases of burnout” in the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) component, 29 % were “burnout” cases of Depersonalization (DP) while 54% were “burnout” cases in the Personal Accomplishment (PA) domain
Conclusions: Moderate to high levels of stress and burnout were detected among this study sample. There is a need to come up with effective strategies in the postgraduate curriculum to tackle stress and burnout.
ATTITUDE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS TOWARDS ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN MANGALORE
Authors: Daniel Deepak , Shetty Devishri , Jose Greeshma Jilson , J. Haritha , Ravi Jeevan , Pillai Lakshmi S , Neghandi Anupa , Kundapur Rashmi ,   Santhosh
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: According to various studies conducted, the response of the adolescent towards alcohol is different. Attitudes ranged from acceptance that is to "easy to get" and is "just going to happen, "to personal responsibilities, it's your choice not to drink peer pressure; you end up drinking to be part of group”.
Objectives: To assess the attitude of youngsters towards alcohol consumption.
Materials and methods: A survey was performed in colleges under NITTE University. Students present at the time of visit were covered. A questionnaire was prepared comprising of a set of 14 questions covering the 3 main objectives of the survey.
Statistical analysis used: Summary statistics (proportions, mean and standard deviation) were used to summarize the responses to the Graduate Dental Environment Stress (GDES) questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory
Results: As per our survey of the 1150 students, 26.4% (304) students consume alcohol. Of these who consume alcohol, 188 (61.84%) students felt it was safe to drink. Also a majority of 219 students (72.03%) did not want to stop their drinking habits and 225 (74.01%) students haven't tried quitting. Surprisingly, a good 1050 (91.30%) out of 1150 students responded that they were aware of the harmful effects of alcohol consumption.
Conclusion: We have concluded that the students are well informed and they know the ill effects of alcohol consumption even though, most of them consider it as a part of life style.
PREVALENCE OF NECK AND BACK PAIN AMONG PAEDIATRIC DENTISTS
Authors: Shetty Siddharth M , Shetty Shreema , Hegde Anoop , Babu Nirmal 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOccupational diseases are present worldwide. Dentists believe that they are at a higher risk for development of musculoskeletal disorders due to the postures attained at work. Hence, we conducted a study for understanding the prevalence of such ailments amongst the paedodontist population. We employed a cross-sectional study of 270 paedodontists who were selected at random and were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. The questions were about personal characteristics, job history, specific work habits and mostly pertaining to clinical dentistry with details of any recent occurrence of neck or back pain. Results tabulated showed a 79.6 % of the paedodontists reported having experienced at least one episode of neck or back pain in the immediate past 12 months. This value is way above the occurrence of similar complaints seen among the general population which is estimated to be around 55%. The study concluded indicating that the incidence of neck and back pain among dentists is higher than general population. This may be attributed to extreme postures that may be attained during the clinical work and which may be extreme in paediatric dentists.
PERIODONTAL PROSTHESIS - REVIEW
Authors: Bhat Vinaya S , D. Krishna Prasad , Malli Prakyath 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlanning a course of treatment for periodontially compromised patients is a multidisciplinary approach involving sequential therapy by a Periodontist and a Prosthodontist. Specific problems have to be recognized and a treatment plan has to be formulated from both the disciplines to deliver best professional and clinical skills in management of a periodontially compromised individual. Hence this review article addresses case characteristics, objectives, sequence of therapy and treatment planning in patients receiving periodontal prosthesis.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MASSAGE THERAPY ON RESPIRATORY STATUS AMONG TODDLERS WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION
Authors: M. A Helen Martina , Beulah Hepzibah , David Anita 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLower respiratory tract infection is one of the major prevailing respiratory illnesses in children. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of massage therapy on respiratory status among toddlers with lower respiratory tract infection. A sample of 60 toddlers were conveniently assigned to study and control group, in study group routine care and massage therapy was performed for three days in morning and evening then posttest was conducted end of each day whereas control group receives routine care. The result shows that massage therapy was significantly effective in improving lung functions.
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRAL RETINITIS IN A PATIENT WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSIS
Authors: Nagaraj Kalpana Badami , Muralidhar Sonali , Jayadev Chaitra ,   Kirthiraj
Published: April 2020

AbstractA young female a known case of systemic lupus erythematosus who underwent renal transplantation for end stage lupus nephritis was on long term immunosuppression for her systemic condition. She had an episode of varicella three months before she presented to us with ocular complaints in the right eye. She was diagnosed to have progressive outer retinal necrosis with a differential of cytomegaloviral retinitis in the right eye and treatment was initiated. She had begun to show improvement in visual acuity but within two weeks her systemic condition worsened rapidly and she succumbed to septic shock.The ocular infection in an immunocompromised SLE patient can be a precursor of mortality as seen in our patient.Due consideration is to be given for prophylactic treatment post varicella infection along with a multidisciplinary approach in managing the immunocompromised, to prevent devastating complications or mortality.
ANESTHESIA FOR DAY CARE SURGERY
Authors: Shetty Anil , US Raveendra 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDay care procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic are increasingly popular, due to advances in anesthesia, surgery and medical technology. Carefully selected patients with optimized co morbid conditions, if any can be taken up for ambulatory surgery which includes sedation, regional and general anesthesia.Careful selection of drugs and airway devices with a proper plan leads to success. Standard monitoring is mandatory.Complications should be anticipated with the goal of early recognition and management. Appropriate discharge criteria should be applied before sending the patient home. Back up facilities of inpatient treatment should be available
An observational study on breast feeding Success among postnatal mothers
Authors: Nayak Sabitha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Under modern health care, human breast milk is considered the healthiest form of milk for babies. It also promotes the health of both mother and infant and helps to prevent disease.1
WHO states that, the vast majority of mothers can and should breast feed, just as the vast majority of infants can and should be breast fed.5

Purpose: The current study has aimed to determine the breastfeeding success among postnatal mothers.
Methods: A descriptive survey approach was conducted on 50 postnatal mothers who were in the postnatal wards of a selected hospital. Observational checklist with 26 items were utilized to collect data.
Results: Through descriptive analysis it was found that majority (44%) of mothers were in the age group of 20 – 25 years. Majority (68%) were Hindus. In type of delivery 84% had full term normal delivery. With regards to parity, 44% were multis. In relation to sex of the baby, 68% were females. The condition of the mother and the baby after delivery was good and normal in 100%. An observational checklist on breastfeeding success shows that the success rate on breastfeeding was high. There were 4 items such as getting ready to feed, Latching on, Feed itself and after feed and each item had 4 to 8 specific items on observational checklists on breastfeeding which indicates that in most of the mothers breastfeeding was a success. By inferential statistics it was found that type of delivery is associated with breast feeding (P < 0.05). Since all other p values are more than 0.05 there was no association between those selected demographic variables with breast feeding at 5% level of significance.
Conclusion:Breast feeding is an age-old practice among most of the post-natal mothers to feed their young ones. In India, most of the mothers, practice giving breast milk to babies for about 1 to 2 years. Assistance by the health workers is not much sought as most of the bystanders assist the mothers in breast feeding. In the present study also, we have come across mothers successfully breastfeeding their babies and they are contented.
KAP study of solid waste disposal of households in Kuttar & Manjanadi Panchayath covered under gramaskhema programme of K.S. Hegde Medical Academy
Authors: Kiran K. G. , Kini Sanjay , K. Ravi , P. Santhosh N. , Kiran N. Udaya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn important problem faced by many societies across the world is unhealthy disposal of solid wastes. Knowledge, attitude, practices of people plays a crucial role as their view point is extremely vital in providing solutions to future environmental problems. A cross sectional study was conducted among the households of Kuttar and Manjanadi villages and a sample of 120 households were studied. Majority had a good knowledge about the ill effects of improper solid waste disposal and that 82.5% said collectively that it causes disease, unpleasant odour, unpleasant site and rodent nuisance. Majority of them had a positive attitude towards solid waste disposal and 98.3% felt that improper solid waste removal and disposal effects environment. Regarding household waste disposal practice it was found to be unsatisfactory as 78 households disposed of household wastes by just throwing away outside the house. Strict surveillance, supervision and timely removal for disposal of solid waste by management are the key factors in reducing environmental hazards.
A clinical study of adherence of candida albicans to an improved NBR denture soft lining material
Authors: Ahmed Naeem , Bhandari Aruna J. , Sachdev Arti Saluja , Khan Farah , Malhotra Shitanshu , Bashir Taseer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract30 dentures selected for the study were disinfected using effervescent denture tablets. Then the dentures were trimmed 1.5mm from fitting surface and relined with NBR soft lining material. Sample was scraped from denture fitting surface after one month and two months duration and the changes in colony forming units per mm after each month's time were measured and marked. After one month's duration, 24 samples were reported sterile and 6 showed colonies of Candida albicans & Staphylococcus aureus. After 2 months duration, 28 out of 30 samples became positive with C. albicans & S. aureus colonies and aerobic spore bearing units. NBR soft liner material was sterile till one month of clinical usage so it can be prescribed as a safe soft lining material till one month of clinical usage in a controlled environment of oral hygiene
Does internal cardiac massage play a role in ROSC after prolonged CPR ? : Our experience in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kamath Manjunath R. , P. Krishna Prasad , Gopalakrishnan M. , Kiran Amith 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving skill involving chest compressions & ventilation to pump oxygenated blood through the vital organs of the body. Among different techniques and devices for chest compression, no single method has been definitively shown to produce the best outcome and hence, direct comparisons between them are not possible. Internal cardiac massage is the manual squeezing of the heart through a surgical incision into the chest cavity, when the chest is already open for cardiac surgery. Unlike the usual cardiac arrest scenarios, internal cardiac massage is employed mostly in cardiothoracic surgical patients and will have more chance for survival and favorable neurologic outcomes across all durations of CPR. We describe two cases of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after prolonged CPR with internal cardiac massage performed in hospital setting.
Obstructive sleep apnea - A review
Authors: Sharma S. M. , Gohil Saurabh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSleep related problems affect large group of people of all ages around world. One of the most common disorders is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) characterized by repetitive, complete or partial collapse of upper airway during sleep. Due to complexity of disease and associated medical conditions, a broad spectrum of clinicians play important roles in treatment of OSA. Evaluation of OSA is best performed using a multidisciplinary team approach.This article aims to reviewthe exhaustive current literature for relevant information regarding terminology, pathophysiology, prevalenceand treatment including conservative and surgical.
Variation in the origin of right obturator artery - A case report
Authors: Nallathamby Rani , Avadhani Ramakrishna , H. Sivarama C. , Soman Meril Ann , Jacob Meera 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMost commonly, the Obturator artery arises from the anterior trunk of internal iliac artery. However, origin of the Obturator artery from external iliac artery was reported at 25% by Missankov et al. [3], 1.1% by Bergman et al. [1], 1.3% by Jakubowicz and Czerniawska- Grzesinska [2].Due to its high frequency of variations in course and origin, Obturator artery had drawn the attention of anatomists, surgeons and radiologists. In this case report, we are presenting an anomalous origin of right Obturator artery from right external iliac artery. The knowledge of this variation is important anatomically, radiologically and surgically.
Conservative management of kienbock's disease in a 24 year old adult : A case report
Authors: Shetty Sanath Kumar , Ballal Aditya , Rai H. Ravindranath 
Published: April 2020

AbstractKienbock's disease also known as Lunatomalacia is a rare disorder involving the lunate. Damage to the lunate can lead to pain, stiffness, and in late stages, arthritis of the wrist. This disease is most common in men between the ages of 20 and 40 and rarely affects both wrists. Here we present a 35 year old male manual labourer who presented to our department with complaints of progressive pain and stiffness of his dominant wrist.Radiographically he was diagnosed to have Lichtmann class IIIA Kienbock's disease of the left wrist. He was managed with analgesics and wrist physiotherapy. On a review at three months he had an acceptable range of motion of the wrist he was symptom free.This article presents our patients history, radiological findings and management.
Scleralfixatedintra-ocularlens : A case report
Authors: Pai Vijay , Shetty Jayaram , Amin Hrishikesh , Shetty Samatha P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the surgical management of aphakia in cases with deficient posterior capsule1, we have described this particular technique which is cost effective and technically less challenging at the same time with satisfactory results.
Extent of awareness regarding periodontal disease in diabetic patients among medical interns
Authors: Jaiswal Roshni , Shenoy Nina , Thomas Biju 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to defective secretion or activity of insulin Prevalence of diabetes mellitus has tripled since 1970, hence it is a significant finding for dental professionals, as evidence from clinical research showing a strong relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is mounting. In fact, periodontitis is often referred to as the sixth complication of diabetes.
Objective : To assess the extent of awareness of periodontal disease in diabetic patients, among medical interns.
Methods: A cross sectional survey containing 21 questions was answered by 150 medical interns from Mangalore, Karntaka.
Conclusion: The results of this survey indicate that medical interns have thorough knowledge about diabetes and its complications; however, their awareness about periodontal disease in diabetic patients is limited thus further emphasis should be given to the dissemination of knowledge about the inter-relationship of diabetes and periodontal health.
Upper gastro intestinal foreign bodies in pediatrics patients
Authors: Annigeri Venkatesh M. , Gadgade Bahubali D. , Annigeri Rashmi V. , Halgeri Anil B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aim: Analyzeexperience with presentation, diagnosis and management of accidental ingested upper digestive tract foreign bodies in children.
Materials: A prospective study of 60 pediatric patients from July 2009 to July 2014 with history of accidental ingested upper gastro intestinal foreign bodies. All patients were studied for age, gender, complaints, duration, site of impaction, type and complications. Radiological investigations were taken according to the case. Direct laryngoscopy and Magill forceps or flexible esophagoscopy has been used for retrieval of foreign bodies.
Result: Sixty cases were analyzed age between 6 months to 13 years. Male 42 and female 18. Age group 6 months to 6 years constitutes 85%. Thirty six (60%) patients arrived to hospital within 24 hours. Difficultly in swallowing (70%) was the most frequent symptom. Most foreign bodies were coin in the upper esophagus (70%). Preexisting esophageal disease was present in 20%. Out of 60 patients twenty four (40%) FB retrieved using Magill forceps and rest with Flexible esophagoscopy (60%). Foreign bodies were successfully removed without major complication in all cases. Mucosal erosions were seen in four patients after extraction. All patients except 4 were discharged within 24 hours after the procedure.
Conclusion: Children between 6 month to 6 years is the commonest age group affected. Magill forceps with the aid of a direct laryngoscope is a safe and effective method for proximal esophageal foreign body removal. But flexible esophagoscopy remains the safest method of upper digestive tract foreign body extraction.
A case of Fahr's syndrome with rare atypical presentation as hemiplegia
Authors: Chepuri Venkata Ravikumar , Panta Himabindu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCalcification of basal ganglia or Fahr's disease is a rare disease characterized by bilateral and symmetrical intracranial deposition of calcium mainly in cerebral basal ganglia. Basal ganglia calcification secondary to endocrinological cause is known as Fahr's syndrome. Motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms are prominent features. We report a case presented with hemiplegia without any psychiatric symptoms. Radiological findings were suggestive of bilateral calcification of cerebellar hemispheres and basal ganglia. Parathyroid hormone levels were low with no significant findings in other investigations along with negative family history. Based on the radiological and biochemical findings the case was diagnosed as fahr's syndrome.
Variation in the area of distribution of the lateral pectoral nerve and a communicating branch between musculocutaneous and median nerve : A case report
Authors: A. Divia Paul , Gaikwad Manisha Rajanand 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVariations in the distribution of the lateral cord and its branches in the infraclavicular part of the brachial plexus are common and significant to the neurologists, surgeons, anaesthetists and the anatomists [1]. The present case describes a rare variation of the lateral pectoral nerve giving an additional branch to supply biceps brachii muscle and ends by joining inferior collateral branch of brachial artery. Also it was observed that the musculo cutaneous nerve received communicating branches from the median nerve before and after piercing the coracobrachialismuscle. The above observations were observed during routine dissection of a 55 year old Indian male cadaver. The musculocutaneous nerve, lateral pectoral nerve and its branches were identified and protected. The clinical importance of the variation is discussed.