bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Function, Albumin-Creatinine Ratio and Pulse Wave Velocity Predict Silent Coronary Artery Disease and Renal Outcome in Type 2 Diabetic and Prediabetic Subjects
Authors: Sanchez Ramiro A. , Sanchez Maria J. , Ramirez Agustin J. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Silent coronary heart disease is frequently undetected in type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM2) and pre-diabetes determined by glucose intolerance (GI).
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) have been considered markers of
cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease and chronic renal failure.

Aims:
To evaluate the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the relationship between urinary
albumin-creatinine ratio, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and PWV in type 2 DM with silent
CAD.

Methods:
We analyzed 92 individuals (44 male), 49 (60±7y) type 2 DM non-insulin dependents
and 43 prediabetics (43±4y), with Grade I-II hypertension and no symptoms of CAD.

:
All type 2 DM patients were under antidiabetic treatment with A1C hemoglobin between 5.5 and
6.5%.

:
Every patient underwent a myocardial perfusion SPECT scan. In those subjects with ischemic patterns,
coronary angiography was performed. In addition, PWV, glomerular filtration rate, and ACR
were evaluated. Statistics: mean±SEM, and ANOVA among groups.

Results:
48.59% of DM2 and 25.58% of GI patients had silent coronary artery had silent coronary
artery disease and higher ACR, PWV and reduced GFR. Higher ACR and PWV and reduced GFR.
DM2 and GI showed a negative relationship between GFR and ACR. Moreover, this relation was
also observed in different levels of GFR (>60 ml/min and <60ml.min (p<0.05) in patients with
CAD, suggesting a cardio-renal interaction in DM2.

Conclusions:
Higher PWV, lower GFR and ACR predict the incidence of CAD in DM2. Dysglycemic
individuals also represent a group of higher risk for coronary artery disease with similar
predictors as in DM2. Diabetic and prediabetics still develop renal microalbuminuria. Thus, PWV
seems to represent a reliable marker of renal impairment and coronary artery disease.
Relationship between Hyperlipidemia, Cardiovascular Disease and
Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alloubani Aladeen , Nimer Refat , Samara Rama 
Published: December 2020

Background::
Globally, dyslipidemia has been shown to be an independent predictor of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, which lead to recent advocacy towards dyslipidemia prevention and control as a key risk factor and its prognostic significance to reduce the burden of stroke and myocardial infarction.

Aim::
This study aimed to evaluate hyperlipidemia as a risk factor connected with stroke and CVD. Moreover, having identified this risk factor, the study evaluates how hyperlipidemia has been examined earlier and what can be done in the future.

Methods::
All prospective studies concerning hyperlipidemia as risk factors for stroke and CVD were identified by a search of PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases with keywords hyperlipidemia, risk factors, stroke, and cardiovascular disease.

Results::
The constant positive association between the incidence of coronary heart disease and cholesterol concentration of LDL is apparent in observational studies in different populations. Thus, the reduction of LDL cholesterol in those populations, particularly with regard to initial cholesterol concentrations, can reduce the risk of vascular diseases. However, the impact of using lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins, has been demonstrated in several studies as an important factor in decreasing the mortality and morbidity in rates of patients with stroke and CVD.

Conclusion::
After reviewing all the research mentioned in this review, it can be confirmed that hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for stroke and correlated in patients with CVD.
Withdrawal Notice: An Efficient Approach for Detection and Verification of Infected Cases of Covid-19 Virus through Block Chain: A Survey
Authors: Gupta Kanika , Jamshed Aatif 
Published: December 2020

:
The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:
It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Technology fusion of metal injection moulding and selective laser melting for the manufacture of complex and multifunctional (hydraulic) components
Authors: Herold Martin , Zopp Camilo , Neiske Oliver , Schubert Frank , Hustert Jan , Nendel Wolfgang , Kroll Lothar 
Published: December 2020

Selective laser melting (SLM) and metallic injection moulding (MIM) are established processes for the production of high-performance metallic components for small and large series. In the aerospace industry, where very high demands are placed on materials and components, both processes are still considered to be relatively new. In both processes, the conventional titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V can be used in the form of powder. Currently, both technologies are only considered separately. By fusing components of the same type, multifunctional components with a high lightweight construction potential can be produced.
In order to generate direct material fusion, the MIM component must be mechanically processed accordingly. In addition, suitable SLM process parameters must be developed in order to ensure both generative construction and high joint strength. To this end, a characterisation of the joining zone and the static joint strength was carried out. Furthermore, pressure test samples were designed and examined both statically and for fatigue strength. Thus, a high static joint strength could be proven. The compression test samples also withstood a fatigue strength of over 1 million cycles.
The Svalbard Treaty and Norwegian Sovereignty
Authors: Jensen Øystein 
Published: December 2020

A hundred years ago on 9 February 2020, the Svalbard Treaty was adopted in Paris, granting Norway her long-standing ambition: full and absolute sovereignty over the Svalbard archipelago. After a brief review of the negotiations that preceded the Paris decision, this article examines the main elements of the Treaty: Norwegian sovereignty, the principle of non-discrimination and the terra nullius rights of other states, peaceful utilization, scientific research and environmental protection. Focus then shifts to Norway’s policy towards Svalbard and the implementation of the Treaty’s provisions: what have been the main lines of Norwegian Svalbard politics; what administrative structures have evolved; to what extent has Norwegian legislation been made applicable to Svalbard? Importantly, the article also addresses how widespread changes in international law that have taken place since 1920, particularly developments concerning the law of the sea, have brought to the forefront controversial issues concerning the geographic scope of the Treaty’s application.
The Northern Sea Route in the 2010s: Development and Implementation of Relevant Law
Authors: Solski Jan 
Published: December 2020

The 2010s was a busy decade for the Northern Sea Route (NSR). It started with the first shipping season to feature the international use of the NSR for commercial purposes, followed by a significant reform of the domestic legal regime, as well as the adoption of the Polar Code. The traffic has gradually picked up, and although the expectations of a significant surge in trans-Arctic navigation have not materialized, the NSR’s annual turnover has grown beyond the old records set by the USSR. While the Russian authorities have struggled to find the most optimal means of development of the NSR, the latter has recently been re-marketed as a Polar Silk Road, part of the grand Chinese One Belt One Road initiative. While Russia has been rebuilding its military presence in the Arctic, the French Navy vessel BSAH Rhone unexpectedly navigated through the NSR, inciting strong political, but yet not legal, response. The present article aims to take stock of the last decade, paying primary attention to the Russian State practice in developing, adopting, and enforcing legislation in the NSR. By describing the current status and identifying some of the regulatory trends, the article will draw cautious predictions on the role of the law of the sea in the management of the NSR in the near future.
Al-Sunnah Qabla Al-Tadwin Karya Muhammad ‘Ajjâj al-Khatîb
Authors: Taufikurrahman Taufikurrahman , Hisyam Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study discusses Al-Sunnah Qabla Al-Tadwîn' by Muhammad ‘Ajjâj Al-Khatîb, a prominent figure of Islamic scholar and thinker from Damascus.It uses descriptive-analytical method. The result shows that the book discusses the history and development of both oral and written traditions in the period of the Prophet, Companions and Successors. The book also explains the periodization of the development of the hadith.This study, therefore, seeks to examine the mapping of the periodization of the prophetic tradition the author made. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang kitab ‘Al-Sunnah Qabla Al-Tadwîn’ Karya Muhammad ‘Ajjâj Al-Khatîb, sosok Ilmuwan dan pemikir Islam ternama dari Damaskus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunujukkan bahwa kitab ‘Al-Sunnah Qabla Al-Tadwîn’ Karya Muhammad ‘Ajjâj Al-Khatîb membahas tentang sejarah dan perkembangan hadits baik lisan dan tulisan pada periode Nabi, Sahabat dan Tabi’in. Penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji tentang kitab ‘al-Sunnah Qabla al-Tadwîn’. Suatu kitab yang juga menjelaskan periodisasi perkembangan hadits, sehingga dengan penelitian yang dilakukan pada kitab tersebut, akan tampak bentuk pembagian atau pemetaan yang dilakukan oleh Muhammad ‘Ajjâj al-Khatîb sebagai pengarangnya. Kata Kunci: Al-Sunnah Qabla Al-Tadwin, ‘Ajjâj al-Khatîb.
Varietas Azab Di Dunia Dalam Al-Qur’an (Penafsiran Tematik QS. Al-Ankabut: 40)
Authors: Riyandi Yoga 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Qur’an not only serves as a guidance for Muslims but also admonition for humans. Through its revelation, God gives rewards to those who obey Him and threatens with punishments to those who disobey Him. Q. al-Ankabut: 40one of Qur’anic verses discussing torment. The type of torment according to the Qur’an is divided into two: torment in the world and torment in the afterlife. The former can be understood in terms of both formal and substantial torment. Understanding the torment in the world, therefore, can encourage Muslims to avoid disobedience to God. Performing God’s commands is the very principle of human creation. Indeed, torment according to the Qur’an is not limited to four categories. But, this article particularly discusses four categories of torment in the world explained in Q. al-Ankabut: 40, namely Hasiba, Ash Shaihah, Khasafa fil Ardhi, and Aghraqa. These four torments are related to God’s speech in the previous verses and other verses in the Qur’an. It is significant, therefore, to study the verse to understand God’s torments to humans. The verse should be read thematically in relation to other verses. AbstrakAl-Qur’an di samping sebagai hukum pedoman bagi umat Islam berfungsi juga sebagai sebuah kitab peringatan untuk manusia. Di dalamnya Allah swt. memberikan janji bagi orang-orang yang taat kepada-Nya dan mengancam dengan azab bagi yang durhaka kepada-Nya. QS. Al-Ankabut: 40 merupakan salah satu contoh ayat yang membicarakan tentang azab dari sekian banyak ayat. Karena pembahasan azab dalam al-Qur’an secara prinsipnya terbagi menjadi dua; yaitu azab di dunia dan azab di akhirat. Azab di dunia terbagi pula kepada azab yang dhahir dan maknawi. Mengetahui azab yang Allah swt. turunkan di dunia mampu mempengaruhi seseorang untuk menjauhi kemaksiatan kepada-Nya. Dan menjauhi azab dengan mewujudkan perintah Allah swt. merupakan perkara asas penciptaan manusia. Azab dalam al-Qur’an tidak terbatas pada 4 jenis saja, akan tetapi pada pembahasan ini dibatasi pada kajian surah Al-Ankabut ayat 40 yang mengkaji 4 jenis azab di dunia. Yaitu Hasiba, Ash Shaihah, Khasafa fi Al Ardhi dan Aghraqa. Keempat azab tersebut memiliki keterkaitan dengan pembicaraan Allah swt. pada ayat-ayat sebelumnya dan ayat-ayat pada surat yang lain. Oleh karenanya sangat perlu mengkaji ayat tersebut agar mendapatkan kesimpulan yang benar terkait azab yang Allah berikan kepada hambanya. Kemudian akan disandingkan dengan beberapa ayat dan penafsiran yang berkaitan dengan tema azab. Kata Kunci: Azab Dunia, Empat Azab, Azab Dhahir.
The Implementation of Regularized Markov Clustering with Pigeon Inspired Optimization Algorithm in Analyzing the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Protein Interaction Network
Authors: Wisnubroto M. Syamsuddin , Siburian Marsudi , Irawati Febri Dwi 
Published: December 2020

Proteins interact with other proteins, DNA, and other molecules, forming large-scale protein interaction networks and for easy analysis, clustering methods are needed. Regularized Markov clustering algorithm is an improvement of MCL where operations on expansion are replaced by new operations that update the flow distributions of each node. But to reduce the weaknesses of the RMCL optimization, Pigeon Inspired Optimization Algorithm (PIO) is used to replace the inflation parameters. The simulation results of IPC SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) inflation parameters get the result of 42 proteins as the center of the cluster and 8 protein pairs interacting with each other. Proteins of COVID-19 that interact with 20 or more proteins are ORF8, NSP13, NSP7, M, N, ORF9C, NSP8, and NSP1. Their interactions might be used as a target for drug research.
Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases and estimates of the reproductive numbers 1 month into the epidemic, Italy, 28 January to 31 March 2020
Authors: Riccardo Flavia , Ajelli Marco , Andrianou Xanthi D , Bella Antonino , Del Manso Martina , Fabiani Massimo , Bellino Stefania , Boros Stefano , Urdiales Alberto Mateo , Marziano Valentina , Rota Maria Cristina , Filia Antonietta , D'Ancona Fortunato , Siddu Andrea , Punzo Ornella , Trentini Filippo , Guzzetta Giorgio , Poletti Piero , Stefanelli Paola , Castrucci Maria Rita , Ciervo Alessandra , Di Benedetto Corrado , Tallon Marco , Piccioli Andrea , Brusaferro Silvio , Rezza Giovanni , Merler Stefano , Pezzotti Patrizio ,   the COVID-19 working group
Published: December 2020

Background
On 20 February 2020, a locally acquired coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case was detected in Lombardy, Italy. This was the first signal of ongoing transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the country. The number of cases in Italy increased rapidly and the country became the first in Europe to experience a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.

Aim
Our aim was to describe the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of the first COVID-19 cases in Italy amid ongoing control measures.

Methods
We analysed all RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases reported to the national integrated surveillance system until 31 March 2020. We provide a descriptive epidemiological summary and estimate the basic and net reproductive numbers by region.

Results
Of the 98,716 cases of COVID-19 analysed, 9,512 were healthcare workers. Of the 10,943 reported COVID-19-associated deaths (crude case fatality ratio: 11.1%) 49.5% occurred in cases older than 80 years. Male sex and age were independent risk factors for COVID-19 death. Estimates of R0 varied between 2.50 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.18–2.83) in Tuscany and 3.00 (95% CI: 2.68–3.33) in Lazio. The net reproduction number Rt in northern regions started decreasing immediately after the first detection.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 outbreak in Italy showed a clustering onset similar to the one in Wuhan, China. R0 at 2.96 in Lombardy combined with delayed detection explains the high case load and rapid geographical spread. Overall, Rt in Italian regions showed early signs of decrease, with large diversity in incidence, supporting the importance of combined non-pharmacological control measures.
LEF Liderazgo en Empresas Familiares
Authors: Nava Maribel , Cuatepotzo Sánchez Lucero , Rodríguez Flandes Maria del Carmen 
Published: December 2020

Las empresas familiares en la última década del siglo XX han estado marcadas por la tónica de un cambio constante y progresivo debido a su gran participación en sus dimensiones económico, social y cultural la participación y aportación estas economías son cada vez más complejas y difícil de entender debido a su manejo al interior sin embargo la costumbre y las prácticas que se han desarrollado han trascendido durante generaciones y siguen permeado en las economías, locales y nacionales de manera constante, por lo anterior es indispensable el estudio a las empresas familiares a efecto de contribuir a su fortalecimiento y mantenerlas participando de manera activa dentro de la economía.
Produção de massa verde e ganho em peso de peixes ornamentais em mini sistema doméstico de aquaponia
Authors: Mendonça Wesley Clovis Barbieri , Santana Anderson Ferreira , Marcondes Arypes Scuteri , Banhara David Geovanni Almeida , Sousa Rebeca Maria , Ziemniczak Henrique Momo , Inoue Luis Antonio Kiosh Oaki , Silva Claucia Aparecida Honorato da 
Published: December 2020

A aquaponia é a integração da aquicultura com a produção vegetal, onde os resíduos da primeira atividade servem de insumos para a segunda, por meio de transformações biológicas que ocorrem no sistema. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da densidade inicial de peixes ornamentais (Carassius auratus) em mini sistemas de aquaponia, compostos por aquários de 100 L e camas de cultivo com argila expandida (20 L). Foram avaliadas duas densidades (três e seis peixes por sistema), com três repetições. Cada cama de cultivo recebeu uma muda de manjericão (Ocimium basilicum) e uma de salsinha (Petroselinum crispum). Os peixes foram alimentados diariamente até a saciedade aparente com ração comercial de 32% PB, duas a três vezes por dia durante 103 dias. Os valores mais altos de ganho em peso dos peixes foram observados nos aquários com menor densidade. A produção de massa verde foi mais elevada nos sistemas de maior densidade inicial de peixes. Conclui-se que a maior densidade inicial de peixes proporcionou melhor produção de massa verde, apesar de apresentar menores índices de crescimento dos peixes.
Validation Parameters as Applied to Methods for Quantification of Microorganisms in Medicinal Products
Authors: Buylova I. A. , Gunar O. V 
Published: December 2020

Validation/verification of microbiological methods is a prerequisite for quality control of non-sterile drugs. However, the use of existing procedures for validation/verification of analytical methods is challenging, since a number of factors, such as microorganism distribution in the sample, cell morphology, and metabolic activity of microorganisms contribute to the error in microbiological testing.The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using the microbiological method validation parameters for validation/verification of the agar plate method.Materials and methods: 18 non-sterile medicinal products were used in the study. Experiments included determination of antimicrobial activity. The quantification of viable bacteria, yeasts and moulds was performed using the modified pour plate method. The statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using Microsoft Excel 7.0 and Statistica 8.0.Results: the paper provides the results of quantitative determination of test microorganisms inoculated into non-sterile drugs. The results were obtained as part of validation/verification of the agar plate method of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV ed.Conclusions: the validation/verification of the test method for isolation and quantification of microorganisms revealed no deviations of the study results from the established acceptance criteria. This proves the feasibility of using the following validation parameters: accuracy, precision, robustness, and limit of quantitation when validating new methods for quantitative determination of microorganisms or verification of previously validated methods.
أثر برنامج تربوي في تنمية السلوك الاعتدالي لدى طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة في مركز محافظة نينوى
Authors: يوسف الطائي ذكرى , حسن عبدالقادر لمياء 
Published: December 2020

استهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على السلوك الاعتدالي لدى طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة في مركز محافظة نينوى كما استهدف بناء برنامج تربوي لتنمية السلوك الاعتدالي والتعرف على أثر ذلك البرنامج في تنميته وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث تم صياغة الفرضية الآتية: لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط رتب درجات الاختبار القبلي ومتوسط رتب درجات الاختبار البعدي. وتحقيقاً لأهداف البحث تم بناء مقياس مكون من (61) فقرة موزعة على (9) مجالات تمثل مكونات السلوك الاعتدالي، وقد تم استخراج الصدق والثبات والقوة التمييزية لفقرات المقياس، كما تم اختيار عينة البحث المكونة من (20) طالبة للعام الدراسي 2019-202، وقد أعدت الباحثة البرنامج التربوي المكون من (11) درساً شملت مكونات السلوك الاعتدالي، وقد تم استخراج الصدق الظاهري للبرنامج واختيار التصميم التجريبي ذو عينة واحدة، وقد تم الاستعانة بالحقيبة الاحصائية (spss)، وقد اظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين رتب درجات المجموعة التجريبية على الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، وان اتجاه هذا الفرق هو لصالح الاختبار البعدي وهذا يدل على أثر البرنامج التربوي في رفع مستوى السلوك الاعتدالي لدى طالبات تلك المجموعة وقد قامت الباحثتان بوضع عدد من التوصيات والمقترحات.
Deconstructing Cervantes and Dickens in Kathy Acker's Don Quixote and Great Expectations
Authors: Gattan Shannan Dijla 
Published: December 2020

السرقة العلمية و الاصالة هما قوتان متعاكستان في اي مجال وخاصة المجال الاكاديمي, و لطالما كانتا الشغل الشاغل للكتاب والباحثين و الدارسين. وهناك دراسات عدة سلطت الضوء على هذه المسألة. لكن الكاتبة كاثي اكر قلبت الموازين في كتاباتها وخاصة في روايتيها "دون كيشوت" وتوقعات عظيمة"
إن نقطة الانطلاق في هذا البحث هي ما الذي يجعل كاتبة لامعة مثل كاثي اكر "تسرق" عنوانين لأثنين من أشهر النصوص لأشهر كتاب مثل سرفانتس و ديكنز, لماذا فككت تلك الروايات لكي تشكل رواياتها.
وبما ان اللغة تعد وسط غير ثابت فليس للنص الأدبي معنى خاص وهذا يعني ان التفكيكين لا يركزون على ما الذي قيل بل على كيف قيل .
ركز هذا البحث على الطريقة والغرض وراء تناول روايتين لكتاب ذكور على يد روائية معروفة على الصعيد الشخصي بعذابها من الرجال فضلاً عن كونها معروفة بكفاحها المطول كي تنال حقوقها (حقوق المرأة) في مجتمع ذكوري.
1960 هي ولادة الحركة التفكيكية وفي 1970 أصبحت مذهب نقدي بارز في الأدب. ومن أهم زعماءها هم جاكوز دريدا وبول دي مان و رولاند بارث و مايكل فوكولت . قد اعطت التفكيكية الدور الرئيس للقارئ (في اي مجال وليس الادب فقط) كي يقرأ النص بغض النظر عن الغاية المقصودة للمؤلف.
بالنسبة لما بعد التركيبة post - stracturalist لا يوجد هناك حقيقة قطعية . بناءً على ذلك ليس هناك قراءة واحدة , بل هناك عدة قراءات وتأويلات كتعدد القراء. وهذا تحديدا الذي حدث مع قراء كاثي اكر . فهم لم يجدوا سرفانتس او دكنز كما يدعي عنوان رواياتها بل وجدوا فهم وتوظيف كاثي اكر للنصوص الاصلية لأولئك الكتاب الذكور.