bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of DNA repair gene variants with colorectal cancer: risk, toxicity, and survival
Authors: Salimzadeh Hamideh , Lindskog Elinor Bexe , Gustavsson Bengt , Wettergren Yvonne , Ljungman David 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes have a potential clinical value in predicting treatment outcomes. In the current study, we examined the association of SNPs in the genes XRCC1-rs25487, ERCC1-rs11615, ERCC2-rs238406, and ERCC2-rs13181 with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity during chemotherapy. Methods: SNPs were analysed in 590 CRC cases and 300 controls using TaqMan technology. The association of SNPs with CRC risk and toxicity during chemotherapy was analysed using Chi2 test. The Kaplan–Meier method and Log-rank test was used to measure the effects of the SNPs on RFS and OS. Results: The ERCC2-rs238406 A allele and the ERCC2-rs13181 C allele were associated with a significantly increased risk of CRC. The ERCC1-rs11615 genotype T/T was associated with stomatitis in adjuvant chemotherapy ( p = 0.03). Also, more patients with the ERCC2rs13181 C allele needed dose reduction compared to patients with the A/A genotype ( p = 0.02). In first line chemotherapy, more patients with the ERCC1-rs11615 C allele suffered from nausea compared with those with the T/T genotype ( p = 0.04) and eye reactions and thrombocytopenia were more common in patients with the ERCC2-rs13181 C allele compared to the A/A genotype ( p = 0.006 and p = 0.004, respectively). Also, ERCC2- rs238406 C/C was associated with a higher frequency of thrombocytopenia ( p =0.03). A shorter 5-year OS was detected in stage I & II CRC patients with the ERCC2- rs238406 C allele ( p = 0.02). However, there was no significant association between the SNPs and 5-year RFS. Conclusions: Both SNPs in ERCC2 were associated with risk of CRC as well as toxicity during first line treatment. In addition, ERCC2- rs238406 was linked to OS in early stage CRC. The ERCC1-rs11615 variant was associated with toxicity during adjuvant chemotherapy. The results add support to previous findings that SNPs in ERCC1 and ERCC2 have a prognostic and predictive value in clinical management of CRC.
Tax Reform and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: The Trade Openness and Public Revenue Channels
Authors: GNANGNON SENA KIMM 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The current article examines the economic growth effect of tax reform in developing countries. Tax reform is defined here as the process that entails the convergence of developing countries' tax structure towards that of developed countries. The analysis covers a sample of 92 developing countries over the period 1980-2015. The empirical results have shown that tax reform promotes economic growth, including when governments are able to collect a minimum level of public revenue-to-GDP ratio and when they further open-up their economies to international trade. These findings have an important policy implication.
Feasibility study of amyloid PET-only quantification; a comparison with visual interpretation.
Authors: Shimokawa Natsumi , Akamatsu Go , Kadosaki Miyako , Sasaki Masayuki 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Visual evaluation is the standard for amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) examination, though the result depends upon the physician’s subjective review of the images. Therefore, objective quantitative evaluation is expected to be useful for image interpretation. In this study, we examined the usefulness of the quantitative evaluation of amyloid PET using a PET-only quantification method in comparison with visual evaluation. Methods A total of 166 individuals, including 58 cognitively normal controls, 62 individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and 46 individuals with early Alzheimer’s disease, were retrospectively investigated. They underwent 11C-Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) PET examination through the Japanese-Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (J-ADNI). Amyloid accumulation in cerebral cortices was assessed using visual and quantitative methods. The quantitative evaluation was performed using the adaptive template method and empirically PiB-prone region of interest, and the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in each area was obtained. Results Visual evaluation and SUVR were significantly correlated in the cerebral cortices (ρ = 0.85–0.87; p < 0.05). In visual evaluation, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 78%, 76%, and 77%, respectively. Meanwhile, for quantitative evaluation, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 78%, 76%, and 77%, in mean cortical SUVR (mcSUVR) and 79%, 79%, and 79% in maximum SUVR (maxSUVR), respectively. Conclusion The PET-only quantification method resulted in a concordant result with visual evaluation and was considered to be useful for amyloid PET.
Free superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap with a single-pedicle bilobed design for pediatric multifinger defect reconstruction
Authors: Li Zhangcan , Zheng Dawei , Zheng Jian , Qi Weiya , Qi Qiang , Liu Yunyun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives This paper describes imaging and anatomical features, in order to assess the feasibility of superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap with a single-pedicle bilobed design for multifinger skin and soft tissue reconstruction in pediatric patients. Methods A total of 7 pediatric patients who were being treated with free single-pedicle bilobed SCIP flap reconstruction for multifinger defects were included in this study. The details of the clinical features were collected, and the following were successively analyzed: the preoperative CTA and CDS examinations for flap design, the intraoperative anatomy for perforator vessel, defect reconstruction and the postoperative aesthetic, motor function and sensation recovery results. Results CTA and CDS performed preoperatively could accurately and rapidly identify the position, location and course of the SCIP flap. All flaps survived well, all wounds healed by the first follow-up and no complications occurred at the follow-up visit. The fingers had good aesthetic appearance, there was recovery of motor function and protective sensation, and the donor area was primarily sutured with good scar concealment in the underwear region. Conclusion CTA and CDS performed preoperatively are accurate and intuitive methods for assessing the location and course of SCIP. The SCIP flap is highly suitable for pediatric patients due to its small caliber, specific functional and aesthetic benefits. It can be designed in a lobulated fashion in order to repair two or more wounds during one surgery. We suggest that the free single-pedicle bilobed SCIP flap should be considered an optimal choice for multifinger defect reconstruction in pediatric patients in the clinic.
Cervical pedicle screws fixation treatment the atlantoaxial instability of axis burst fractures
Authors: Yan Denglu , Zhang Zaiheng , Zhang Zhi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the cervical pedicle screws and rods were used for atlantoaxial instable, the axis fractures still a challenge for spine surgeon.ObjectiveThis study was to evaluated the clinical outcomes of axis burst fractures had C1C3 pedicles screws fixation treatment.MethodsFrom June 2014 to July 2018, 45 patients with axis fractures were enrolled in this study; 23 patients was odontoid underwent C1C2 pedicles screws fixation, and 21 patients was odontoid combine body fractures had C1C3 pedicles screws fixation. The clinical outcomes of pain relief (visual analog scale, VAS), functional disability (neck disability index, NDI) were recorded at baseline and at the final follow-up.ResultsThe pain index and NDI were all significantly improved when compared to pretreatment (P < 0.01). The VAS and ND were no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). All patients, suffered from severe mechanical upper cervical neck pain at pre-operative, were pain free post-operation. Pre-operative neurological examination was normal in all patients, and remained the same after surgery. All cases showed normal neurological function at the final follow-up. No vascular or neurological complication was noted. The fracture healing and the bony union of the fixed segments were revealed in all cases on CT views. Implant failure and instability were not seen on lateral flexion/extension radiographs of the cervical spine.ConclusionsCervical pedicle screws fixation was effective and safe procedures in the treatment of traumatic spondylolisthesis of axial fractures. The atlantoaxial instable of axis burst fractures can be managed with C1-C3 pedicles screws fixation.
Assessment Of Air Quality In The Southwestern Part Of The Świętokrzyskie Mountains Based On Selected Indicators
Authors: Szwed Mirosław , KOZŁOWSKI Rafał , ŻUKOWSKI Witold 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: This article presents the results of research on the air quality which has been under the anthropogenic impact of the cement and lime industry in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains for many years. Research using geo- and bio-indicators was carried out at fixed measuring points in the years 2016-2018. Results: Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. and two-year old Scots pine needles Pinus silvestris L. were used for bioindication research. Physico-chemical properties of precipitation were developed on the basis of research conducted at the Jan Kochanowski University’s field research station located on the Malik. Increased pH and specific electrolytic conductivity (EC) of precipitation, as well as variable concentrations of heavy metals throughout a year were shown.Conslusions: Analysis of the chemical properties of transplanted lichens and pine needles confirmed the presence of elements from the cement and lime industry sector located in the Białe Zagłębie. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the needles’ surface revealed morphological changes resulting from pollution of stoma opening and closing by small solid particles of anthropogenic origins, disturbing a gas exchange.
“You talk about problems until you feel free”: South African adolescent and young women’s narratives on the value of HIV prevention peer support clubs
Authors: Baron Deborah , Scorgie Fiona , Ramskin Lethabo , Khoza Nomhle , Schutzman Jennifer , Stangl Anne , Harvey Sheila , Delany-Moretlwe Sinead 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV infection in adolescent girls and young women if used consistently during periods of risk. The EMPOWER study evaluated peer-based clubs incorporating an empowerment curriculum offered to adolescent girls and young women (16-24 years) in South Africa and Tanzania for adherence support. Using serial in-depth interviews (n=33), we assessed the benefits and challenges of club attendance among 13 EMPOWER participants in the Johannesburg site who were randomised to clubs. We used a summary matrix of coded data to support a narrative, case-based analysis. Four case studies are presented. Club participants reported benefits such as increased self-esteem and self-efficacy, reduced isolation, and greater insight into gender-based violence and strategies to address it. Day-to-day PrEP adherence was not the only topic discussed in clubs; participants also appreciated the safe space for sharing problems and found interactive exercises helpful in improving partner communication. Findings support the use of peer-based clubs using a structured empowerment approach, which may offer valuable PrEP initiation support to adolescent girls and young women in settings with high HIV and gender-based violence prevalence.
Bio-Banding In Junior Soccer Players – A Pilot Study
Authors: Romann Michael , Lüdin Dennis , Born Dennis-Peter 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Bio-banding (BB) has been introduced to account for varying maturity and to improve the talent development of junior soccer players. To date, research that investigated the physiological and technical effects of BB is sparse. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess BB based on practical considerations in a cohort of 62 under (U)13 and U14 soccer players in a paired crossover design. Results BB significantly increased the number of duels and set pieces compared to chronological age (p<0.05). The mean time of ball possession per action was reduced and the rate of successful passes was lower with BB. Meanwhile, the total number of passes was unaffected, and there was a trend towards a lower difference in ball possession between BB teams (p<0.1). In addition, BB reduced the distances covered while jogging (p<0.001), running (p<0.05) and high-speed running (p<0.05). With BB, an increased number of duels, unsuccessful passes and set pieces seemed to result from a quicker and more balanced match play between teams. While physical demand was reduced, BB seems to result in a more technically and tactically challenging game. Benefits in long-term player development, however, require further investigation.
WITHDRAWN: Do the retina and brain share similar molecular and cellular pathological footprints? Insights from an Alzheimer´s disease animal model
Authors: Neves Ana Catarina Rodrigues , Carecho Rafael , Correia Sónia C. , Carvalho Cristina , Campos Elisa J. , Baptista Filipa I. , Moreira Paula I. , Ambrósio António Francisco 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The concept 'the retina as a window to the brain' in Alzheimer´s disease (AD) has been explored in recent years since patients sometimes present visual alterations before the first symptoms of dementia. The retina is an extension of the brain and can be assessed by non-invasive methods. However, assessing the retina for AD diagnosis is still a matter of debate. Using the triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD), this study was undertaken to investigate whether the retina and brain undergo similar molecular and cellular changes during the early stages of AD pathology, and if the retina could anticipate the pathological alterations occurring in the brain. Methods: We used the 3xTg-AD and wild-type mice (C57BL6/129S), at 4 and 8 months of age, and assessed several parameters in the retina and brain (hippocampus and cortex): amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels, barrier permeability, cell death, neurotransmitter levels and glial changes. Results: We detected increased Aβ levels in the hippocampus and cortex and increased p-tau in the hippocampus, retina and cortex of 3xTg-AD mice. The brain and retinal barriers were unaffected. At 4 months, the content of some synaptic proteins increased in the brain but not in the retina. No cell death, including retinal ganglion cells loss, was detected in 3xTg-AD mice. Overall, no changes were observed in glutamate and GABA levels in all regions. There was an increase in astrogliosis in the hippocampus at 4 months and a decrease in the retina at 8 months. No changes were detected in Müller cells reactivity. Furthermore, we did not find changes in the number of microglia in 3xTg-AD mice, but we detected a different profile in microglia branching in the hippocampus and retina, at 4 months, where the number and length of the processes increased in the hippocampus and decreased in the retina. Conclusions: At the early stages of pathology, the retina, hippocampus and cortex of 3xTg-AD are not significantly affected, but already present some molecular and cellular alterations. The retina did not mirror the changes detected in the brain in this animal model of familial AD, and these observations should be taking into account when using the retina as a potential diagnostic tool for AD.
Low hepatitis B vaccination coverage among hepatitis B virus carriers communicants in an eastern Brazilian Amazon city
Authors: Oliveira Candida Maria Abrahão , Souza Alex Junior Souza de , Brasil Maria de Jesus de Souza , Soares Manoel do Carmo Pereira , Nunes Heloisa Marceliano , Nunes Márcio Roberto Teixeira 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Hepatitis B virus (HBV), even though it is an immunopreventable disease, represents a serious worldwide public health problem. This study evaluated hepatitis B vaccination coverage and the frequency of infection in HBV carrier communicants 20 years after vaccine implementation in the city of Belém, located in the eastern Brazilian Amazon.Results The study, developed between 2015 to 2018, included 288 (n = 288) communicants of HBV carriers. The analyzed population was 53.5% male, with a mean age of 9.4 years (ranging 4 months to 19 years old and a median age of 10 years). Among the examined samples, no HBV carriers (HBsAg positive) were detected; total isolated anti-HBc was detected in 2.1%; 4.2% were anti-HBc total/anti-HBs and 42% anti-HBs isolated, attributed to vaccination; 41.7% received a complete vaccination schedule (three/four doses) and 58.3% were susceptible to HBV. Although the research did not detect HBV in the studied population, there was presence of infection and a significant number of susceptible individuals.
Growth-uncoupled isoprenoid synthesis in Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Authors: Orsi Enrico , Mougiakos Ioannis , Post Wilbert , Beekwilder Jules , Dompè Marco , Eggink Gerrit , Oost John van der , Kengen Servé W. M. , Weusthuis Ruud A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Microbial cell factories are usually engineered and employed for cultivations that combine product synthesis with growth. Such a strategy inevitably invests part of the substrate pool towards the generation of biomass and cellular maintenance. Hence, engineering strains for the formation of a specific product under non-growth conditions would allow to reach higher product yields. In this respect, isoprenoid biosynthesis represents an extensively studied example of growth-coupled synthesis with rather unexplored potential for growth-independent production. Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a model bacterium for isoprenoid biosynthesis, either via the native 2-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway or the heterologous mevalonate (MVA) pathway, and for poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis. Results This study investigates the use of this bacterium for growth-independent production of isoprenoids, with amorpha-4,11-diene as reporter molecule. For this purpose, we employed the recently developed Cas9-based genome editing tool for R. sphaeroides to rapidly construct single and double deletion mutant strains of the MEP and PHB pathways, and we subsequently transformed the strains with the amorphadiene producing plasmid. Furthermore, we employed 13 C-metabolic flux ratio analysis to monitor the changes in the isoprenoid metabolic fluxes under different cultivation conditions. We demonstrated that active flux via both isoprenoid pathways while inactivating PHB synthesis maximizes growth-coupled isoprenoid synthesis. On the other hand, the strain that showed the highest growth-independent isoprenoid yield and productivity, combined the plasmid-based heterologous expression of the orthogonal MVA pathway with the inactivation of the native MEP and PHB production pathways. Conclusions Apart from proposing a microbial cell factory for growth-independent isoprenoid synthesis, this work provides novel insights about the interaction of MEP and MVA pathways under different growth-conditions.
Klotho, fibroblast growth factors 19 and 21 serum concentrations in children and adolescents with normal body weight and obesity – and their associations with metabolic parameters.
Authors: Socha-Banasiak Anna , Michalak Arkadiusz , Pacześ Krzysztof , Gaj Zuzanna , Fendler Wojciech , Socha Anna , Głowacka Ewa , Kapka Karolina , Gołąbek Violetta , Czkwianianc Elżbieta 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and Klotho are regulators of energy homeostasis. However, in the paediatric population the relationship between obesity, metabolic disorders and mentioned factors has not been clearly investigated. We analysed serum concentrations of FGF19, FGF21 and Klotho in children and adolescents with normal body weight as well as in overweight and obese subjects – and their associations with components of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance (IR).Methods: The cross-sectional study conducted in the group of hospitalised children and adolescents. Laboratory investigation included serum ELISA tests for FGF19, FGF21, Klotho as well as lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance test for calculation of the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The clinical analysis included blood pressure measurement, body fat percentage estimation and assessing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components. Results: The study was conducted on 174 children/adolescents aged 6-17 years divided into the following groups: with normal body weight (N=48), with obesity (N=92) and overweight subjects (N=34). Klotho levels were significantly higher in the group of subjects with obesity [median 168.6 pg/ml]) than those with overweight [131.3 pg/ml] and normal body weight [116.6 pg/ml] (p=0.0334). Median serum FGF21 level was elevated in the group of patients with MS in comparison to other subjects [136.2 pg/ml vs 82.6 pg/ml, p=0.0285]. Increased Klotho concentrations were noted in patients affected by IR compared with subjects with normal insulin sensitivity [185.3 pg/ml vs 132.6 pg/ml, p=0.0282]. Multivariable model for HOMA-IR showed FGF19 as an independent predictor for IR after adjusting for the pubertal stage and BMI Z-score.Conclusions: Klotho levels were associated with body weight status in children and adolescents. Moreover, Klotho, FGF19 and FGF21 concentrations correlated with IR status and traits of MS.