bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Climate Change on Groundwater Age of Thailand’s Lower Chao Phraya Basin
Authors: Tanachaichoksirikun Pinit , Seeboonruang Uma 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWater is indispensable for life, including, groundwater that the largest fresh water source. Groundwater sustainability is threatened by many factors, one is climate change which lead to flood and drought. Groundwater age is an indicator that can be applied for vulnerability assessment and sustainable groundwater management. This research focus on the changing of groundwater age under the effect of climate change using the steady-state three-dimensional mathematical simulation including, MODFLOW-2000 and MODPATH. In addition, the climate scenario including, IPSL-CM5A-MR that consist the increasing of carbon dioxide (Representative Concentration Pathways; RCP) between 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 in the period 2017-2036. The results revealed groundwater age was highly distributed between 140 to 177,505 years with the average 18,665 years due to the distribution of groundwater recharge and pumping in the basin. In addition, the average groundwater age with RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 were decreased to 17,217, 15,960, 16,286 years from base case (18,665 years), respectively. Because the quantity of rainfall which contribute the hydraulic head, hydraulic gradient and velocity was changed. In conclusion, the groundwater sustainability in the Lower Chao Phraya basin was consistent during this period because the groundwater age was decreased by rainfall. However, the old groundwater, non-renewable groundwater could be conservative due to the distribution of groundwater age was increased.
Effects of electrode configuration on chemical kinetics of Biodiesel production with electric field
Authors: Phounsavath Souksavath , houngbounyaung Xayphone , Maxsarik Vansay , kiatsirirod Tanongkiat 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presented chemical kinetics of biodiesel transesterification under electric field. A barrier discharge technique was carried out with 2 and 4 electrodes attached at outside and 1 electrode inside of a glass cylinder contained crude vegetable oil and methanol. The composition of the crude oil and methanol was 1:6 by mol. Crude Tung oil and crude palm oil were raw materials with an amount of 100 ml. The operating periods ware 50 s and 420 s for Palm oil and Tung oil, respectively. About 91 % and 88.5 % of biodiesel were found from the crude oils, respectively. With 3 and 5 electrodes, the chemical kinetics for the reaction rate (r) could be

Plan oil
:

r
=
0.81

C

T
G

e

−
27.106
/
R
T

for three electrode
,

r
=
0.88

C

T
G

e

−
31.081
/
R
T

for five electrodes
,

Tung oil
:

r
=
0.003

C

T
G

e

−
35.024
/
R
T

for three electrode
,

r
=
0.001

C

T
G

e

−
35.828
/
R
T

for five electrodes
.
Phenolic Compound Extraction from Industrial Tomato Waste by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
Authors: Sengkhamparn N , Phonkerd N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The tomato fruits have been reported that it contained high nutrient and bioactive compounds. The various Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE), including extraction temperature of 30, 50 and 70oC and extraction time of 10, 30 and 50 min, were performed in order to extract phenolic compound from tomato waste from industry. The total phenolic compound, total flavonoid content and also retained carotenoid in obtained extract were determined. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of extract were studied. The results showed that the extraction temperature was a main factor which affected the amount of extracted bioactive compound. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the extract was related to the total flavonoid and carotenoid content which can be draw the regression as follows; Y = 55.81 + 0.75X1 + 0.96X2 when radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid and carotenoid content was Y, X1 and X2, respectively. This regression analysis showed high significant (R2 = 0.74). Moreover, the UAE condition of 50oC for 50 min was a best condition which gave the highest antioxidant activity and in accordance with the high amount of total flavonoid and carotenoid content.
The optimization for decreasing ruptured billets when harvesting sugarcane with chopper harvester
Authors: Kosum K , Bun-art S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of factors that are optimized for the amount of ruptured billets when harvesting sugarcane with the sugarcane harvester.A factorial experimental design was used to study the effect of three factors: sugarcane type, planting and soil type. The experiments showed that the three factors affected the quantity of ruptures billets. Also, the variance analysis was done at a significant level of 0.05, and it was found that the sugarcane type, soil type and the planting technique had an influence on the amount of ruptures billets. And ratoon-sugarcane double-row and sand is the level of suitable factors that can reduce the amount of ruptures billets by 25%.
Aerodynamics performance of glider GL-1 based on computational fluid dynamics in optimum flight conditions
Authors: Amalia E , Moelyadi M A , Julistina R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Glider GL-1 is designed as a national glider of Indonesia for aero sport gliding activity and fall into category of 15 meters class by FAI (world’s air sport federation). In preliminary design phase, design requirements are derived from thermal updraft condition of Indonesia which lead to maximum rate of descent of 3 m/s and maximum turning radius of 150 m. GL-1 has wing area of 12 m2 and wing aspect ratio of 17. Wing span of GL-1 is 14.283 m with length of fuselage is 6.795 m. Performance study in preliminary design gives two optimum flight conditions for GL-1 to glide, which is maximum range condition and maximum endurance condition. In maximum range condition, with maximum aerodynamics efficiency between 24 to 30, GL-1 has a velocity of 20 – 25 m/s with density of 1.225 kg/m3. In maximum endurance condition, GL-1 has a velocity of 17 – 20 m/s with the same density and minimum rate of descent between 0.66 – 1.1 m/s. Reynolds number is between 1 – 1.5 million. This paper present CFD simulation result for both optimum flight conditions predicted in preliminary design that carried out at velocity of 25 m/s for maximum range condition and 17.5 m/s for maximum endurance condition. By using full-glider meshing with total element of about 11 million, a maximum aerodynamics efficiency of 21 is obtained for maximum range condition with lift coefficient of 0.91. While minimum rate of descent for maximum endurance condition of 0.87 m/s is obtained.
Development of small propeller test bench system
Authors: Islami Z S , Hartono F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A set of performance analysis was performed on Master Airscrew 10X7 Electric propeller. The airfoil geometry was extracted by cutting and scanning a number of blade cross-sections. Experimentally, the test was performed at Institut Teknologi Bandung using 40 cm x 40 cm rectangular test section wind tunnel. The experimental rig was built using 3 load cells designed to measure thrust and torque. For data comparison, theoretical and numerical analysis were also done using Momentum-Blade Element method and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Compared with the previous study, the experimental data shows good agreement with most of the reference data. The theoretical data overestimated the thrust value by around 20% and underestimated the torque value by 30% at max, but the performance curve follows the similar trend with the experimental data. Both the thrust and torque value of the numerical data shows better agreement when fitted to experimental data by around 10%. While it may need more propeller samples analyzed to draw general conclusion, the three methods performed in this research showed analogous results and could be used for a particular stage of research depending on the level of accuracy needed.
Soot Oxidation Studies on SrMn0.98B0.02O3 (B – Fe, Ni) Perovskites
Authors: Uppara Hari Prasad , Feroz Armaan , John Nithin Samuel , Singh Sunit Kumar , Labhsetwar Nitin K , Dasari Harshini 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the performance of SrMn0.98B0.02O3 (B = Fe, Ni) perovskites was evaluated for catalytic soot oxidation applications. All the samples exhibited a nano-crystalline hexagonal structure (XRD analysis) with the crystal sizes ranges 30 to 46 nm. XPS analysis reveals the presence of multiple valence states of Ni cations (Ni2+/Ni3+) and Mn cations (Mn4+/Mn3+) cations with the divalent strontium and trivalent iron cation on the surface of the perovskites. O2-TPD analysis infers that the sample SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3 showed the highest quantity of surface adsorbed oxygen molecules (78.87 μmol.g−1) followed by SrMnO3 sample (72.16 μmol.g−1). Furthermore, the soot-TPR analysis confirms that the sample SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3 shown the higher catalytic activity than SrMn0.98Fe0.02O3due to synergetic effect between Mn – Ni cations, the higher reducibility tendency of the metal ions and the higher quantity of active oxygen species initiated the structural defects in the catalysts. The superior catalytic activity of soot oxidation of the as-synthesized samples was observed in the order of SrMn0.98Ni0.02O3> SrMn0.98Fe0.02O3>SrMnO3>bare soot.
The Structure and Properties of Sn/SiSn-nanodisperse Alloy Thin Films
Authors: Jiang Xiangdong , Li Mingcheng , Ming Yangzhou , Wang Jimin , Li Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Near-infrared brain imaging technology has great advantages in brain imaging and inspection of brain disorders compared to traditional brain imaging technology. Silicon-tin (SiSn) alloys are expected to be the material for infrared brain imaging detectors. The structure and properties of the SiSn alloy thin films with relatively low Sn concentration, which are the key for it to be used in near-infrared brain imaging technology, have not been reported yet. Here, we report the deposition time, growth temperature, microstructure, resistivity, and transmittance of amorphous silicon-tin (a-Si1-xSnx) alloy thin films prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Reasonable deposition time and growth temperature for the preparation of the films are given in this paper. Sn nanocrystals are observed in the a-Si1-xSnx alloy thin films. The variations in resistivity and transmittance indicate that it has excellent electrical and optical properties so that it can be used as a near-infrared brain imaging detector material.
Investigation of Structure and Tensile Properties of Betel Palm Sheath
Authors: Choonamchai C , Panwised D , Mitsomwang P , Borrisutthekul R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Betel palm sheath is a kind of natural material which is increasingly used as a raw material for producing food packaging. To form packaging such as food plates, a raw palm sheath is drawn using drawing dies. Then, the excess edge of the drawn part is cut off with trimming dies. Due to the lack of understanding of the palm sheath structure and its mechanical properties, a lot of defective parts still occur during the production. In this work, the authors aim to investigate the internal structure of the palm sheath. The raw palm sheath was sectioned and subjected to a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the mechanical properties of the palm sheath were examined by the uni-axial tensile test. Based on the experimental results, the internal structure of the palm sheath was clearly revealed. The tensile properties of the palm sheath were highly anisotropic, namely the maximum load resistance and the elongation at break remarkably varied with the loading direction. Moreover, the deformation of the palm sheath appeared to consist of the elastic and the permanent deformation.
Optimization of the STEP-NC compliant online toolpath generation for T-spline surfaces using convolutional neural network and random forest classifier
Authors: Zavalnyi O , Zhao G , Liu Y , Xiao W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Deep implementation of principals of the intelligent STEP-NC compliant manufacturing implies enabling a CNC system with integrated CAM functionality to perform all tasks autonomously. This means that most of the responsibilities of a CAM engineer need to be delegated to the CNC system. When it comes to manufacturing of freeform surfaces, the implementation of this approach becomes very challenging. One of the most important issues is the autonomous online toolpath generation. Making a choice of optimal machining strategies and other manufacturing parameters, that might be a trivial task for an expert, turns out to be not an easy problem for a machine, and often can be hardly solved using the traditional approach of explicit programming. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to optimize toolpath generation for T-spline surfaces, in particular, the process of choosing an optimal machining strategy for a given surface region using Machine Learning. The selection model has been trained to make a choice of the appropriate freeform machining strategy (two different strategies have been considered) based on the shape of an input surface.
Relationship between air pollution and outpatient visits for nonspecific conjunctivitis in Taiwan: an application of Bayesian regression model
Authors: Lai Yi Horng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As a direct exposed part of the human body, the eyes are susceptible to external stimuli of air pollution. The adverse effects of air pollution on the human eye are mainly stimulation and inflammation, and conjunctivitis is a major problem. This study investigated the effects of air pollution on non-specific conjunctivitis based on data from a Taiwanese outpatient clinic. The study focused on the importance of air pollution to eye health. Data for ophthalmology outpatient visits were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Ambient air monitoring data were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration air pollution monitoring stations. The study included five regulated air pollutants. This study used Bayesian linear regression to investigate the association between daily air pollutant concentrations and the number of outpatient visits for nonspecific conjunctivitis. The results of this study indicate that air pollutants SO2, CO and PM10 are significantly associated with non-specific conjunctivitis. Air pollutants, SO2, CO and PM10 can increase the chances of outpatient visits, suggesting that this may be the cause of non-specific conjunctivitis.
Disentangling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Problematic Alcohol Use Among College Students: Evidence From a Cluster Analytic Approach
Authors: Gierski Fabien , De Wever Elodie , Benzerouk Farid , Lannoy Séverine , Kaladjian Arthur , Naassila Mickaël , Quaglino Véronique 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Investigation of the relationship between self-esteem and alcohol use among college students has yielded discrepant results. We hypothesized that these discrepancies could originate from a potential heterogeneity of self-esteem patterns among young adult with an alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods
A community sample of 343 college students was recruited and categorized with or without AUD using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test cut-offs. College students were compared on the dimensions of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) as well as mood, impulsiveness, alcohol- and other substance-related measures, including drinking motives.

Results
A cluster analysis conducted among college students with AUD highlighted two subgroups characterized by contrasting patterns on the CSEI: one group with a high level of self-esteem and low levels of anxiety and depression symptoms and one group with a low level of self-esteem and high levels of impulsiveness, mood symptoms and drinking to cope motives.

Conclusion
Findings caution against assuming that AUD is associated with low self-esteem, as reported in previous studies. These results rather emphasize a heterogeneity of self-esteem in college students, showing that high self-esteem was also related to AUD. Implications of these results are major for prevention purposes and clinical practice.
28 USC § 1782—looking for consensus
Authors: Stute David J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Since the 1948 enactment of 28 USC § 1782 in the United States, no consensus has emerged as to the availability of federal court discovery to parties in private foreign or international arbitral proceedings. This year, within months of one another, six federal courts have issued rulings that are widely inconsistent on the availability of section 1782 discovery. The courts have ruled that a proceeding before a private international arbitral tribunal is eligible for section 1782 discovery; that, categorically, no such discovery is available; that the definition of private arbitral tribunal applies to CIETAC; and that discovery is available by virtue of a party’s parallel pursuit of discovery through foreign civil proceedings. As these cases demonstrate, recent US court decisions have brought no predictability, let alone certainty, to the subject. Congress, on the other hand, could and should amend the statute so as to include private tribunals in the scope of section 1782. This article discusses the case law’s state of disarray; proposes a legislative solution; considers the proposed amendment’s merits; and advocates for Congress to act.
The Mitochondrial Genome of Eleusine indica and Characterization of Gene Content Within Poaceae
Authors: Hall Nathan D , Zhang Hui , Mower Jeffrey P , McElroy J Scott , Goertzen Leslie R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Plant mitochondrial (mt) genome assembly provides baseline data on size, structure and gene content, but resolving the sequence of these large and complex organelle genomes remains challenging due to fragmentation, frequent recombination, and transfers of DNA from neighboring plastids. The mitochondrial genome for Eleusine indica (Poaceae: goosegrass) is comprehensibly analyzed here, providing key reference data for an economically significant invasive species that is also the maternal parent of the allotetraploid crop Finger millet (Eleusine coracana). The assembled E. indica genome contains 33 protein coding genes, 6 rRNA subunits, 24 tRNA, 8 large repetitive regions 15 kb of transposable elements across a total of 520,691 bp. Evidence of RNA editing and loss of rpl2, rpl5, rps14, rps11, sdh4 and sdh3 genes is evaluated in the context of an updated survey of mt genomic gene content across the grasses through an analysis of available publicly available data. Hypothesized patterns of Poaceae mt gene loss are examined in a phylogenetic context to clarify timing, showing that rpl2 was transferred to the nucleus from the mitochondrion prior to the origin of the PACMAD clade.
Injection-induced seismicity: strategies for reducing risk using high stress path reservoirs and temperature-induced stress preconditioning
Authors: Fryer B , Siddiqi G , Laloui L 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYIt is suggested that fluid injection in normal faulting stress regimes can stabilize a reservoir if the stress path is high enough. This stabilization is not seen when the reservoir is significantly cooled as a result of injection. Further, a new strategy is suggested for stimulating reservoirs in shear with a reduced chance of inducing a large magnitude seismic event. The version of this methodology presented here is applicable for reverse faulting stress regimes and involves an initial stress preconditioning stage where the reservoir is cooled and the pressure increase is limited. This process reduces the horizontal total stress and thereby also the differential stress. Next, the reservoir is stimulated with a rapid increase in pore pressure, resulting in shear failure at a lower differential stress than was initially present in the reservoir. Due to the connection seen between the Gutenberg–Richter b-value and differential stress, it is suggested that reservoirs stimulated in this fashion will exhibit higher b-values and thereby also have a reduced chance of hosting a large magnitude event. It is suggested that adaptations of this methodology are applicable to both normal and strike-slip faulting stress regimes.
Health service utilization and direct healthcare costs associated with obesity in older adult population in Ghana
Authors: Lartey Stella T , de Graaff Barbara , Magnussen Costan G , Boateng Godfred O , Aikins Moses , Minicuci Nadia , Kowal Paul , Si Lei , Palmer Andrew J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObesity is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases and disabilities, with severe implications on morbidity and mortality among older adults. With an increasing prevalence of obesity among older adults in Ghana, it has become necessary to develop cost-effective strategies for its management and prevention. However, developing such strategies is challenging as body mass index (BMI)-specific utilization and costs required for cost-effectiveness analysis are not available in this population. Therefore, this study examines the associations between health services utilization as well as direct healthcare costs and overweight (BMI ≥25.00 and &lt;30.00 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30.00 kg/m2) among older adults in Ghana. Data were used from a nationally representative, multistage sample of 3350 people aged 50+ years from the World Health Organization’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE; 2014/15). Health service utilization was measured by the number of health facility visits over a 12-month period. Direct costs (2017 US dollars) included out-of-pocket payments and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) claims. Associations between utilization and BMI were examined using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial regressions; and between costs and BMI using multivariable two-part regressions. Twenty-three percent were overweight and 13% were obese. Compared with normal-weight participants, overweight and obesity were associated with 75% and 159% more inpatient admissions, respectively. Obesity was also associated with 53% additional outpatient visits. One in five of the overweight and obese population had at least one chronic disease, and having chronic disease was associated with increased outpatient utilization. The average per person total costs for overweight was $78 and obesity was $132 compared with $35 for normal weight. The NHIS bore approximately 60% of the average total costs per person expended in 2014/15. Overweight and obese groups had significantly higher total direct healthcare costs burden of $121 million compared with $64 million for normal weight in the entire older adult Ghanaian population. Compared with normal weight, the total costs per person associated with overweight increased by 73% and more than doubled for obesity. Even though the total prevalence of overweight and obesity was about half of that of normal weight, the sum of their cost burden was almost doubled. Implementing weight reduction measures could reduce health service utilization and costs in this population.