bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoiding the Alveolar Nerve Via a Real-Time Impedance Analysis: A Novel Method to Improve Implant Surgery Safety
Authors: Schiffers Georg , Arnold Julian , Bartella Alexander , Mähönen Petri , Lethaus Bernd 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Safe lower jaw implantations require precautions to avoid damaging the alveolar nerve. The prevailing methods are preoperative. In this study, we propose a novel approach to measure the distance between a pilot-drill and the alveolar nerve by employing high-frequency impedance measurements. The objective is to provide in vivo real-time information as an early warning of the proximity of the alveolar nerve. The method is examined and tested on animal samples. The impedance measurements were performed using a high-frequency network analyzer. Overall 40 pilot drillings were distributed over five sheep mandibles, with four on each side. Drillings were performed in three steps: inside the cortical layer, inside the spongiosa, and well inside the nerve canal. The inductance measurements were performed with a connected pilot drill, followed by an immediate 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CT) to measure the distance between the tip of the drill and the nerve canal. The measurements show that impedance information is a reliable indicator for proximity of the drill to the nerve. We observe a general trend of decreasing inductance as the drill approaches the nerve and find that at very high frequencies one can detect the closeness to the nerve from characteristic ratios of impedance at nearby frequencies. We report also that using phase information increases the reliability of this method. The findings provide a solid proof of concept for the proposed method. While the results are promising at this stage, the applicability for in vivo conditions requires further studies.
Weld Metal Chemistry of Mineral Waste Added SiO2–CaO–CaF2–TiO2 Electrode Coatings for Offshore Welds
Authors: Khan Waris Nawaz , Chhibber Rahul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Offshore structures in recent time are witnessing the increased application of dissimilar metal welds for enhanced structural integrity. Offshore structures are complex systems. Fabrication, maintenance, and repair of these structures require conventional and advanced welding technologies along with suitably chosen welding consumables. The present work aims at the design and development of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) electrode coating using extreme vertices design methodology. This work also attempts to study weld metal chemistry along with microstructure and microhardness. Red ochre, a mineral waste from iron ore is added in the coating composition. Multi response optimization has been carried out to obtain optimum flux composition and to study the effect of individual constituents and their interactions on the weld chemistry and microhardness.
Continued nursing education in low-income and middle-income countries: a narrative synthesis
Authors: Azad Amee , Min Jung-Gi , Syed Sharjeel , Anderson Sara 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionContinued nursing education and development can reduce mortality and morbidity of patients and can alleviate the shortage of healthcare workers by training of nurses for high-demand skill sets. We reviewed patterns of educational interventions and strategies in initiating behaviour change, improving patient outcomes or knowledge for nurses in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsThe study searched the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases. The study included interventional studies on continued nursing education from 2007 to 2017. Of the 6216 publications retrieved, 98 articles were included and analysed by three independent reviewers.ResultsOf the 98 studies that met inclusion criteria, five were randomised controlled trials, two were qualitative in design and the remaining 91 were quasi-experimental, before-and-after studies. Of these studies, the median sample size of participants was 64, and the majority were conducted in Asia (53.1%). During the 10-year study period, 20.4% was conducted in 2015, the highest proportion, with a general increase in number of studies over time from 2007 to 2017. Main themes that arose from the review included train-the-trainer models, low-dose/high-frequency models, use of multiple media for training, and emphasis on nurse empowerment, strong international partnerships, and the integration of cultural context. Overall, the studies were limited in quality and lacked rigorous study design.ConclusionContinued nursing education in LMICs is essential and effective in improving nurses’ knowledge base, and thus patient outcomes and quality of care. Long-term, randomised studies are needed to understand how training strategies compare in impact on nurses and patients.
$${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$, a new breaking of the HLS model and its phenomenology
Authors: Benayoun M. , DelBuono L. , Jegerlehner F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the Hidden Local Symmetry (HLS) Model, supplied with appropriate symmetry breaking mechanisms, provides an Effective Lagrangian (BHLS) able to encompass a large number of processes within a unified framework. This allowed one to design a global fit procedure which provides a fair simultaneous description of the $$e^+ e^-$$e+e- annihilation into six final states ($$\pi ^+\pi ^-$$π+π-, $$\pi ^0\gamma $$π0γ, $$\eta \gamma $$ηγ, $$\pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0$$π+π-π0, $$K^+K^-$$K+K-, $$K_L K_S$$KLKS), the dipion spectrum in the $$\tau $$τ decay and some more light meson decay partial widths. In this paper, additional breaking schemes are defined which improve the BHLS working and extend its scope so as to absorb spacelike processes within a new framework ($${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2). The phenomenology previously explored with BHLS is fully revisited in the $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 context with special emphasis on the $$\phi $$ϕ mass region using all available data samples. It is shown that $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 addresses perfectly the close spacelike region covered by NA7 and Fermilab data; it is also shown that the recent lattice QCD (LQCD) information on the pion form factor are accurately predicted by the $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 fit functions derived from fits to only annihilation data. The contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{th}}$$aμth of these annihilation channels over the range of validity of $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 (up to $$\simeq $$≃ 1.05 GeV) is updated within the new $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 framework and shown to strongly reduce the former BHLS systematics. The uncertainty on $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{th}}(\sqrt{s}< 1.05 \, \hbox {GeV}$$aμth(s<1.05GeV) is much improved compared to standard approaches relying on direct integration methods of measured spectra. Using the $${\hbox {BHLS}}_2$$BHLS2 results, the leading-order HVP contribution to the muon anomalous moment is $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{HVP-LO}}= 686.65 \pm 3.01 +(+1.16,-0.75)_{\mathrm{syst}}$$aμHVP-LO=686.65±3.01+(+1.16,-0.75)syst in units of $$10^{-10}$$10-10. Using a conservative estimate for the light-by-light contribution, our evaluation for the muon anomalous magnetic moment is $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{th}}=\left[ 11\,659\,175.96 \pm 4.17 +(+1.16,-0.75)_{\mathrm{syst}}\right] \times 10^{-10}$$aμth=11659175.96±4.17+(+1.16,-0.75)syst×10-10. The relationship between the dispersive and LQCD approaches to the $$\rho ^0$$ρ0–$$\gamma $$γ mixing is also discussed which may amount to a shift of $$\delta a_\mu [\pi \pi ]_{\rho \gamma }=+(3.10\pm 0.31) \times 10^{-10}$$δaμ[ππ]ργ=+(3.10±0.31)×10-10 at LO+NLO, presently treated as additional systematics. Taking also this shift into account, the difference $$a_\mu ^{\mathrm{th}}-a_\mu ^{\mathrm{BNL}}$$aμth-aμBNL exhibits a significance not smaller than $$3.8 \sigma $$3.8σ.
Cross-Modal Correspondence Between Speech Sound and Visual Shape Influencing Perceptual Representation of Shape: the Role of Articulation and Pitch
Authors: Kwak Yuna , Nam Hosung , Kim Hyun-Woong , Kim Chai-Youn 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Cross-modal correspondence is the tendency to systematically map stimulus features across sensory modalities. The current study explored cross-modal correspondence between speech sound and shape (Experiment 1), and whether such association can influence shape representation (Experiment 2). For the purpose of closely examining the role of the two factors — articulation and pitch — combined in speech acoustics, we generated two sets of 25 vowel stimuli — pitch-varying and pitch-constant sets. Both sets were generated by manipulating articulation — frontness and height of the tongue body’s positions — but differed in terms of whether pitch varied among the sounds within the same set. In Experiment 1, participants made a forced choice between a round and a spiky shape to indicate the shape better associated with each sound. Results showed that shape choice was modulated according to both articulation and pitch, and we therefore concluded that both factors play significant roles in sound–shape correspondence. In Experiment 2, participants reported their subjective experience of shape accompanied by vowel sounds by adjusting an ambiguous shape in the response display. We found that sound–shape correspondence exerts an effect on shape representation by modulating audiovisual interaction, but only in the case of pitch-varying sounds. Therefore, pitch information within vowel acoustics plays the leading role in sound–shape correspondence influencing shape representation. Taken together, our results suggest the importance of teasing apart the roles of articulation and pitch for understanding sound–shape correspondence.
Stockholm preterm interaction-based intervention (SPIBI) - study protocol for an RCT of a 12-month parallel-group post-discharge program for extremely preterm infants and their parents
Authors: Baraldi Erika , Allodi Mara Westling , Löwing Kristina , Smedler Ann-Charlotte , Westrup Björn , Ådén Ulrika 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Improved neonatal care has resulted in increased survival rates among infants born after only 22 gestational weeks, but extremely preterm children still have an increased risk of neurodevelopmental delays, learning disabilities and reduced cognitive capacity, particularly executive function deficits. Parent-child interaction and parental mental health are associated with infant development, regardless of preterm birth. There is a need for further early interventions directed towards extremely preterm (EPT) children as well as their parents. The purpose of this paper is to describe the Stockholm Preterm Interaction-Based Intervention (SPIBI), the arrangements of the SPIBI trial and the chosen outcome measurements.

Methods
The SPIBI is a randomized clinical trial that includes EPT infants and their parents upon discharge from four neonatal units in Stockholm, Sweden. Inclusion criteria are EPT infants soon to be discharged from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), with parents speaking Swedish or English. Both groups receive three initial visits at the neonatal unit before discharge during the recruitment process, with a strengths-based and development-supportive approach. The intervention group receives ten home visits and two telephone calls during the first year from a trained interventionist from a multi-professional team. The SPIBI intervention is a strengths-based early intervention programme focusing on parental sensitivity to infant cues, enhancing positive parent-child interaction, improving self-regulating skills and supporting the infant’s next small developmental step through a scaffolding process and parent-infant co-regulation. The control group receives standard follow-up and care plus extended assessment. The outcomes of interest are parent-child interaction, child development, parental mental health and preschool teacher evaluation of child participation, with assessments at 3, 12, 24 and 36 months corrected age (CA). The primary outcome is emotional availability at 12 months CA.

Discussion
If the SPIBI shows positive results, it could be considered for clinical implementation for child-support, ethical and health-economic purposes. Regardless of the outcome, the trial will provide valuable information about extremely preterm children and their parents during infancy and toddlerhood after regional hospital care in Sweden.

Trial registration
The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov in October 2018 (NCT03714633).
Fighting healthcare rocketing costs with value-based medicine: the case of stroke management
Authors: Esposti Federico , Banfi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2020

AbstractValue-Based Medicine (VBM) is imposing itself as 'a new paradigm in healthcare management and medical practice.In this perspective paper, we discuss the role of VBM in dealing with the large productivity issue of the healthcare industry and examine some of the worldwide industrial and technological trends linked with VBM introduction. To clarify the points, we discuss examples of VBM management of stroke patients.In our conclusions, we support the idea of VBM as a strategic aid to manage rising costs in healthcare, and we explore the idea that VBM, by establishing value-generating networks among different healthcare stakeholders, can serve as the long sought-after redistributive mechanism that compensate patients for the industrial exploitation of their personal medical records.
Correction to: Circular RNA circFGFR1 promotes progression and anti-PD-1 resistance by sponging miR-381-3p in non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Peng-Fei , Pei Xu , Li Ke-Sang , Jin Li-Na , Wang Fei , Wu Jing , Zhang Xue-Mei 
Published: February 2020

After the publication of this work [1], an error was found in Fig. 1b. As described in the Results section that circ0084003 has 13 exons, it should be formed by 5–17 (13exons) exons, authors have described “formed by 5-19 exons”. The authors extend their apology for the mistake caused by their action. With that mistake, the correct version of Fig. 1b is provided below.
A positive feedback loop between EZH2 and NOX4 regulates nucleus pulposus cell senescence in age-related intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Libangxi , Yang Minghui , Li Bin , Yi Jiarong , Ai Xuezheng , Zhang Yang , Huang Bo , Li Changqing , Feng Chencheng , Zhou Yue 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD). NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-associated oxidative stress has been shown to induce premature NP cell senescence. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a crucial gene regulating cell senescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of EZH2 in NOX4-induced NP cell senescence and a feedback loop between EZH2 and NOX4.

Results
The down-regulation of EZH2 and the up-regulation of NOX4 and p16 were observed in the degenerative discs of aging rats. EZH2 regulated NP cell senescence via the H3K27me3-p16 pathway. Also, EZH2 regulated the expression of NOX4 in NP cells through the histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in the promoter of NOX4 gene. Furthermore, NOX4 down-regulated EZH2 expression in NP cells via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Conclusions
A positive feedback loop between EZH2 and NOX4 is involved in regulating NP cell senescence, which provides a novel insight into the mechanism of IDD and a potential therapeutic target for IDD.
Self-reported campus alcohol policy and college alcohol consumption: a multilevel analysis of 4592 Korean students from 82 colleges
Authors: Oh Sarah Soyeon , Ju Yeong Jun , Jang Sung-in , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Campus alcohol policy has been associated with student alcohol consumption in numerous studies. However, more information is required to assess the extent to which school policy affects student drinking behavior; especially when both individual-level sociodemographic characteristics of students and area-level characteristics of college campuses are controlled for. Thus, this paper explores the association between campus alcohol policy and student alcohol consumption among a nationally representative sample of college students in South Korea, while controlling for both individual and area-level characteristics.

Methods
We surveyed and analyzed the data of 4592 students from 82 colleges. Multilevel (hierarchical) linear modeling was used to identify the association between campus alcohol policy and alcohol consumption levels, measured via the AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption). Controlled individual-level characteristics included sex, year level, major, GPA (grade point average), pocket money, smoking status, stress level, depressive thoughts, suicidal thoughts, and number of clubs/organizations. Controlled area-level characteristics included college type, number of students, number of faculty members, number of workers/administrators, and region.

Results
Compared to students unaware of their school’s campus alcohol policy, students who self-reported that their campuses allow drinking in outdoor spaces (β = 0.755 p = 0.010) or in all areas (β = 0.820, p = 0.044) had higher AUDIT-C scores. Students attending schools with a large number of students, males, freshmen, students with low GPA, students with high amounts of pocket money, and smokers also had higher alcohol consumption scores relative to their peers. Alcohol education experience in the form of lectures, mail, and/or campaigns were not associated with student alcohol consumption levels.

Conclusion
Our results suggest an association between self-reported campus alcohol policy and student alcohol consumption. College educators and administrators must be aware that relative to students unaware of their school’s campus alcohol policy, students at colleges that allow drinking in outdoor spaces or all areas consume higher amounts of alcohol than their peers; even when area-level factors are controlled for.

Trial registration
Yonsei IRB (IRB number: Y-2017-0084). https://irb.yonsei.ac.kr Date of registration: 01/2017. Date of enrolment of first participant to trial: 03/01/2017. Y-2017-0084.
Co-production of biodiesel and bioethanol using psychrophilic microalga Chlamydomonas sp. KNM0029C isolated from Arctic sea ice
Authors: Kim Eun Jae , Kim Sanghee , Choi Han-Gu , Han Se Jong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Biofuels, generated using microalgae as sustainable energy, have received a lot of attention. Microalgae can be cultivated at low cost with CO2 and solar energy without competition from edible crops. Psychrophilic microalgae can be a suitable feedstock to produce biofuels without the environmental constraints of low temperatures, because they can grow below 10 °C. However, there is a lack of efficient strategies using psychrophilic microalgae to produce biodiesel and bioethanol. Therefore, the current study aimed to optimize the production of biodiesel and bioethanol from Arctic Chlamydomonas sp. KNM0029C at low temperatures.

Results
After incubation in a 20-L photobioreactor, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was extracted using modified FAME extraction methods, producing a maximum yield of 0.16-g FAME/g KNM0029C. Residual biomass was pretreated for bioethanol production, and the yields from different methods were compared. The highest bioethanol yield (0.22-g/g residual biomass) was obtained by pretreatment with enzyme (amyloglucosidase) after sonication. Approximately 300-mg biofuel was obtained, including 156-mg FAME biodiesel and 144-mg bioethanol per g dried cells, representing the highest recorded yield from psychrophilic microalgae.

Conclusions
This is the first to attempt at utilizing biomass from psychrophilic Arctic microalga Chlamydomonas sp. KNM0029C for the co-production of bioethanol and biodiesel, and it yielded the highest values among reported studies using psychrophilic organisms. These results can be used as a source for the efficient biofuel production using polar microalgae.
Aby Warburg and Cinema, Revisited
Authors: Schwartz Peter J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The final, unfinished project of the Hamburg art historian and Kulturwissenschaftler Aby M. Warburg (1866–1929)—the so-called Mnemosyne image atlas (Bilderatlas)—has recently drawn increased attention not only from scholars but also from artists and museum curators. Within this reception, the idea has gained currency that Warburg’s strategy of image arrangement in the Mnemosyne atlas bears a significant relationship to the techniques and aesthetics of cinema. Yet little evidence exists that Warburg ever paid much attention to cinema’s formal or technical means of expression, or much enjoyed going to the movies. How, then, has it become a critical commonplace that Warburg’s late methods of ordering images resemble, especially, Soviet methods of film montage? The first two parts of this article show how such comparisons may be inaccurate or misleading. The third part argues that Warburg’s conception of the Mnemosyne atlas and of the related late Bilderreihen (image series) was conditioned more by a historical understanding of print media than by any relationship to cinema.
Staff experiences of social climate in a medium secure adolescent unit
Authors: French Joanne , O'Sullivan David V , Diggle Tim , Martin Aisling 
Published: February 2020

Background/aims Medium secure units in the UK for adolescents can be stressful and challenging for the staff who work within them. However, only a limited number of research studies regarding the experience of staff have been conducted within these environments. This study sought to explore how staff working in such settings describe their experiences and the overall ‘social climate’. Methods A total of 15 members of staff from one of the six medium secure establishments in the UK were interviewed, using a semi-structured interview guide. This included managers, senior clinicians, nurses and support workers. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Three main themes and seven sub-themes were identified. The three main themes were: ‘the “feel” of the ward’, ‘aspects of ward functioning’ and ‘staff dynamics’. Staff had differing perceptions regarding the social climate of the unit. Conclusions There are multiple factors that contribute to perceptions of social climate. Further research is warranted in order to explore this and to identify those aspects that are linked to negative and positive social climates.