bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Causes Sex-Specific Deficits in Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice
Authors: Robison Lisa S. , Albert Nathan M. , Camargo Lauren A. , Anderson Brian M. , Salinero Abigail E. , Riccio David A. , Abi-Ghanem Charly , Gannon Olivia J. , Zuloaga Kristen L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is suppressed by high-fat (HF) diet and metabolic disease, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Deficits in AHN may contribute to cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia and mood disorders, which have higher prevalence in women. However, sex differences in the effects of HF diet/metabolic disease on AHN have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Herein, male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed an HF or control (CON) diet from ∼2 to 6 months of age. After 3 months on the diet, mice were injected with 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) then killed 4 weeks later. Cell proliferation, differentiation/maturation, and survival of new neurons in the dentate gyrus were assessed with immunofluorescence for EdU, Ki67, doublecortin (DCX), and NeuN. CON females had more proliferating cells (Ki67+) and neuroblasts/immature neurons (DCX+) compared with CON males; however, HF diet reduced these cells in females to the levels of males. Diet did not affect neurogenesis in males. Further, the numbers of proliferating cells and immature neurons were inversely correlated with both weight gain and glucose intolerance in females only. These effects were robust in the dorsal hippocampus, which supports cognitive processes. Assessment of microglia in the dentate gyrus using immunofluorescence for Iba1 and CD68 uncovered sex-specific effects of diet, which may contribute to observed differences in neurogenesis. These findings demonstrate sex-specific effects of HF diet/metabolic disease on AHN, and highlight the potential for targeting neurogenic deficits to treat cognitive decline and reduce the risk of dementia associated with these conditions, particularly in females.
SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AT ENTERPRISES
Authors: YAKUBIV VALENTYNA , YAKUBIV ROMAN 
Published: December 2019

The paper analyses various scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of “personnel management”, defines the specific characteristics and principles of this process. For a detailed study of the essence and content of the concept of the personnel management, theoretical approaches to this definition and substantiation of its content in the context of various scientific schools and management theories are analysed. Scientific approaches to understanding the functional role and essence of the personnel management in various scientific schools are analysed, namely: schools of scientific management, classical (administrative) school of management, theory of perfect bureaucracy, school of human relations, empirical school of management, school of social systems, and “new school”.
The main differences in understanding the process of the personnel management in different theories of management are investigated, the main of which are: situational management theory; system theory of management; theory of organizational culture; theory of human resources management; theory of management culture. The relationship scheme and the place of the personnel management system in the enterprise management in general are substantiated. A three-level personnel management system for tactical, operational and ongoing tasks is proposed. The mechanism of organizational and economic support of the personnel management as a system of synergistically interconnected organizational and economic factors for establishing high-performance HR-management in the enterprise is substantiated. The main elements of organizational and economic support for improving the personnel management system of enterprises are scientific and theoretical approaches to the forming of this system; principles of personnel management; methods of labour management; functions of HR-management; economic levers; methodological support; information support; monitoring of personnel management.
Microsurgical treatment of distal aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Authors: Dashyan V. G. , Senko I. V. 
Published: December 2019

The study objective is to analyze characteristics of distal aneurysms of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) using the results of surgical treatment of 11 patients with this disorder.Materials and methods. Eleven patients with distal PICA aneurysms (7 men and 4 women aged between 32 and 57 years (mean age 44 years)) were operated in N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine. Aneurysms were visualized using cerebral angiography in 2 patients and using computed angiography in 9 patients. The aneurysms were classified using the classification system developed by J.R. Lister and A.L. Rhoton. Aneurysms located in the tonsillomedullary segment were most common. Saccular aneurysms were found in 7 (64 %) patients, whereas fusiform aneurysms were observed in 4 (36 %) patients. Two saccular aneurysms had a large neck. The size of aneurysms varied between 2 and 9 mm. The majority of patients (70 %) had aneurysms less than 7 mm.Results. Five patients were operated via median suboccipital approach, while the remaining 6 patients were operated via lateral suboccipital approach. We performed either reconstructive (n = 9) or deconstructive (n = 2) aneurysm clipping depending on the possibility of preserving the PICA lumen and presence of damage to the perforating arteries of the brain stem. Nine patients (82 %) had Glasgow Outcome Score of 5; two patients (18 %) died (one of them was admitted in sopor with occlusive hydrocephalus; another one had grade III–IV obesity and developed purulent septic respiratory complications and secondary purulent meningitis). Two patients (18 %) developed dysarthria and dysphagia in the postoperative period, but these symptoms disappeared by the moment of discharge.Conclusion. Distal PICA aneurysms are quite rare and require tailored approach to treatment. A surgeon should bear in mind specific anatomical characteristics of aneurysms, control arterial patency when isolating the aneurysm from the bloodstream, and use revascularizing methods whenever possible. In addition to that, a surgeon should be extremely careful during manipulations with perforating arteries of the brain stem and distal cranial nerves, because their damage result in a more difficult postoperative period.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Informed consent. All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study and to the publication of their data.
Progressive post-traumatic syringomyelia: a clinical case
Authors: Bushkov F. A. , Bzhylyanskiy M. A. , Kordonskiy A. Yu. 
Published: December 2019

The objective of the present article is to describe a rare clinical case of progressive post-traumatic cervical syringomyelia after spinal cord injury with fracture of proximal metaepiphysis of the right humerus. The patient had a progressive neurological loss after spinal cord injury.Materials and methods. The patient underwent surgical treatment: decompression and stabilization of spinal column, surgical technique of spinal cord detethering, cyst shunting.Results. In the postoperative period the patient had increased spasticity in the lower extremities, increased weakness in the muscles of the upper extremities, aggravation of orthostatic hypotension, and inability to flex the first and the fifth fingers of the right hand. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine revealed progression of syringomyelia.Conclusion. This case demonstrates differentiation between cervical myelopathy and plexus paresis in a patient with combination spinal injury and reveals the mechanisms underlying late progression of neurological deficit.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Informed consent. The patient gave written informed consent to the publication of his data.
Emprendimiento empresarial y crecimiento económico en Perú
Authors: León-Mendoza Juan Celestino 
Published: December 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia del emprendimiento empresarial sobre el crecimiento económico en Perú. Para ello, con información correspondiente al período 2007-2017 y 24 departamentos peruanos existentes, se efectuaron regresiones múltiples de modelos econométricos irrestrictos y restrictos utilizando el método de los Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios. El resultado del modelo restricto, elegido como el mejor mediante el test estadístico del logaritmo de verosimilitud, indica que por cada incremento de 1% en el número de empresas, la tasa de crecimiento del Producto Interno Bruto per cápita departamental aumenta aproximadamente en 0,68%. Esta investigación proporciona una gran evidencia empírica sobre la importancia del emprendimiento de empresas para el logro de una mayor tasa y homogeneidad departamental en el crecimiento económico.
Evaluation of admission serum magnesium levels in patients with septic shock and its correlation with outcome
Authors: Khare Akshay R. , Patil Vishwanath C. , Shah Jignesh N. , Iyer Shivakumar S. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Admission hypomagnesemia has been linked with an increased risk of septic shock. The purpose of this study was to evaluate admission serum magnesium levels in patients with septic shock and to determine its correlation with the outcomes.Methods: It was a prospective observational study. Total 50 patients fitting the Sepsis-3 definition between time period of June 2017 to November 2018 were included in the study. Patients with suspected infection were identified at the bedside with qSOFA. Admission serum magnesium levels was measured for all patients included. APACHE II scores were calculated at the end of 24 hours after admission. Routine standard of care treatment was provided to all patients. The patients were monitored for organ dysfunctions based on daily SOFA scores, ventilator free days, vasopressors free days, dialysis free days, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences for MS Windows.Results: In this study hypomagnesemia was prevalent in 18%, normomagnesemia in 62% and hypermagnesemia in 20% of total included patients. The mean vasopressor free days in Hypomagnesemia group (7.11±12.79 days) were higher than those in normomagnesemic patients (5.06±5.51 days) and hypermagnesemia patients (1.70±3.09 days). Out of total 50 patients 18 died and 32 recovered. 11 patients out of 32 who recovered had abnormal admission serum magnesium levels whereas 8 pts out of 18 who died had abnormal admission serum magnesium levels. SOFA score in hypomagnesemic patients admitted with septic shock compared with those of normomagnesemic and hypermagnesemic patients was statistically significant.Conclusions: Author did not find any statistically significant correlation between admission magnesium levels in septic shock patients and outcomes although SOFA score was higher in hypomagnesemic patients admitted with septic shock compared with those of normomagnesemic and hypermagnesemic patients. Serum magnesium may not truly reflect body’s magnesium status. RBC magnesium may need to be studied to see whether it is a more reliable biomarker.
Clinical correlation between tonsillar hypertrophy and tonsillitis
Authors: Hubballi Ravi Kishore , Nayaka G. S. Shyam Sundar , Koujalagi Shruthi Manohar 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tonsillar hypertrophy is a common clinical condition seen by an otorhinolaryngologist. Tonsils undergo hypertrophy due to recurrent infection or as a part of generalized lymphoid hypertrophy. The aim of this study is to clinically correlate the association between tonsillar hypertrophy and acute/chronic tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients attending the Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department at Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari, Karnataka with complaints of tonsillitis acute, chronic, acute on chronic, other ENT symptoms and asymptomatic patients were assessed for tonsillar enlargement using Brodsky Tonsillar Grading scale for tonsillar hypertrophy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the 100 patients with tonsillar enlargement and the symptoms at presentation we observed a statistically significant (p=0.0001) irrespective of the severity of the infection to the tonsillar hypertrophy graded according to Brodsky tonsillar grade.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is a common prudence that most of the general public and majority of general physicians are of the opinion that tonsillar grades are related to clinical pathology. Our study reveals tonsillar hypertrophy and severity of clinical disease are not directly proportional hence our study indicates management of acute or chronic tonsillitis cannot be influenced by the grade of tonsillar enlargement. We can consider tonsillar enlargement as a guide for prognostic evaluation. We were unable to find any literature regarding our objective of study. Hence this study can be considered as a stepping stone for further in depth clinical studies.</p>
Enigma in the diagnosis of congenital neck masses: a prospective study
Authors: Havaldar Rajesh Radhakrishna , Singh Anju , Hajare Priti S. , Bellad Shama A. , Mudhol R. S. 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Head and neck swellings are common in routine otorhinolaryngologic practice. This study was done to assess the incidence and varied presentation of different congenital neck swellings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Hospital based prospective study done in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 28 patients with slow, progressive neck swellings were selected after excluding thyroid swellings and acute inflammatory neck swellings. All patients had no other complaints. After a thorough clinical examination and investigations like ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration cytology and radiological examination, surgery was done, and specimens obtained were sent for histopathological examination. Patients were followed up to 1 year. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 28 patients with congenital neck mass were studied. 15 were thyroglossal cysts, 7 were branchial anomalies, 5 were dermoid cysts and 1 was bronchogenic cyst. The most frequent congenital neck mass was thyroglossal duct cyst and fistula (53.57%) followed by, in descending order, cysts and fistulas of the branchial apparatus (25%), dermoid cysts (17.85%) and bronchogenic cyst (3.5%) respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The overall presentation in terms of age group, location, incidence and clinical features of congenital neck swellings is an enigma to the treating surgeon as well as the pathologist. The prevalence varies largely among centres. A knowledge of the varied differential diagnosis of slow progressive masses in the neck should be kept in mind while planning the surgical procedure for total removal of the lesion to avoid recurrence.</p>
A clinical study of evaluation of tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy in mucosal chronic otitis media
Authors: Mahajan Ritesh , Abraham Nidhi , T. M. Nagaraj 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common ear diseases in developing countries with a varying incidence of 3% to 57%. It the disease process is further divided into mucosal type and squamosal type depending on clinical presentation. The mainstay of therapy in CSOM remains surgery which aims at eradication of disease and restoring the hearing mechanism. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the changes and impact of tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy as a surgical treatment modality in mucosal type of CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted in Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital between November 2015 and June 2017, involving 50 patients with mucosal type of chronic otitis media. These patients, after complete clinical examination and hearing analysis, underwent tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Follow-up of the patients was done at one month and three months after the surgery where the parameters recorded preoperatively were assessed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The graft uptake three months after the surgery was 94%. Patients reported a subjective improvement in symptoms of ear discharge, decreased hearing, earache and tinnitus to 94%, 70%, 86% and 78% respectively. There was hearing improvement in ears that had discharge preoperatively and those ears that did not.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media is a very common problem and it can lead to recurrent ear discharge and hearing problems. Timely intervention is necessary as early diagnosis results in good surgical outcomes and can make an impact on patient’s quality of life.</p>
Assessment of the ways of Fars Province's residents being informed of holding up the Health Week and its effect on their knowledge about Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Azadian Fatemeh , Moradian Mohammad Javad , Hemmati Abdulrasool , Karimi Mohammad Reza , Karami Hassan , Shirvani Shiri Maryam 
Published: December 2019

Background: Diabetes is currently one of the most prominent causes of mortality and among the intensifying concerns of public health in the world. Education and enhancement of people’s knowledge about this disease can play an effective role in diabetes prevention and control. The present study was aimed at assessment of the effects of the Health week’s programs about diabetes on the citizens of Fars Province.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical research, carried out interventionally, 501 people participated in the study both before and after the Health week. To define the sample’s volume, we used multi-stage cluster sampling. The study was conducted by using a made questionnaire which consisted of two parts, one part for demographic information and the other part for information about the people’s knowledge level of the Health Week and diabetes. The obtained data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Mc Nemar test, Paired t test, and independent sample t test in SPSS19.
Results: The results indicated that holding up the Health Week had significant effect on enhancement of the participants’ knowledge about the disease and the ways of its diagnosis as well as the prevention methods (p-value < .001). In addition, there was a significant change in the frequency of health informational resources in mass media such as TV, radio, social media and internet, pamphlets and poster (p-value < .001), while no significant difference was observed through billboards, Healthcare centers’ staff, etc. before and after the week.
Conclusion: Informing people about the Health week and its programs through mass media can play an effective role in enhancement of people’s health knowledge andlead to prevention of the disease and proper behavior to fight it.
Pancreas-preserving duodenal resections as a surgery of choice for the isolated form of cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall (pure form of groove pancreatitis)
Authors: Egorov V. I. , Petrov R. V. , Schegolev A. I. , Dubova E. A. , Vankovich A. N. , Dobriakov A. V. , Schvetz N. A. , Poputchikova E. A. 
Published: December 2019

Background:Management of the isolated form of cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall (CDDW), or pure form of groove pancreatitis, is controversial. Pancreatoduodenectomy is considered to be the most suitable procedure for CDDW. Pancreas-preserving procedures (PPDR) have been described as surgical options for the cases where only the duodenum has been involved. There are no studies comparing pancreas-preserving vs. pancreas-resecting procedures for this disease.Aim:To analyze the results and outcomes of PPDR and other treatment approaches to CDDW and to review the literature.Materials and methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of 82 patients with CDDW who received treatment from February 2004 to April 2019. We compared short-term and long-term results of treatment of 15 patients with isolated CDDW after PPDR and 42 patients with CDDW after pancreatoduodenectomy.Results:The preoperative diagnosis was correct in 81 of the cases (98.8%). The patients experienced abdominal pain (100%), weight loss (76%), vomiting (30%), and jaundice (18%). CT, MRI, and endoUS were the most useful diagnostic modalities. Twelve patients with CDDW took conservative treatment due to rejection of the operation. The other patients underwent cystoenterostomies (8), duodenum-preserving pancreatic head (DPPH) resections (6), pancreatoduodenectomy (42) and PPDR (15) with zero mortality. Full pain control was achieved after PPDR in 93%, after pancreatoduodenectomy in 83%, and after draining procedures in 18% of the cases. Newly onset diabetes mellitus (7) and severe exocrine insufficiency (5) were common after pancreatoduodenectomy and never occurred after DPPH resections and PPDR. Weight gain was significantly higher after pancreatoduodenectomy and PPDR, compared to other treatment modalities.Conclusion:PPDR is the optimal surgical procedure for the isolated form of CDDW. Early detection of CDDW allows for preservation of the pancreas. The pure form of groove pancreatitis is a disease of the duodenum, and the Whipple procedure should be considered excessive for this disease.
Business performance measurement for mechanical engineering and metalworking companies: case of Latvia
Authors: Mavlutova Inese , Mavlutov Bary 
Published: December 2019

Business performance depends on the managerâ€™s competence to take adequate decisions. The professional managerâ€™s decision can improve the financial performance and position of the company. Analysis of business performance gives businesses a framework in which can set goals, measure actual performance in comparing with these goals and develop scenario planning to evaluate alternative action. The purpose of this article is to investigate the present performance of companies in the mechanical engineering and metalworking sector, to prepare proposals for management and financial performance improvement in these companies. As a result of the research, the authors have drawn recommendations in order to carry out business performance measurement.
Keywords: Business performance, business activity, financial analysis, mechanical engineering and metalworking sector.
Jel Codes: D220, D240, M110, O14.
НОМИНАЦИЈА КРУШКЕ У РЕЧНИКУ СРПСКОХРВАТСКОГА КЊИЖЕВНОГ ЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Ajdžanović Milan 
Published: December 2019

У раду се анализирају различити називи превасходно за плод дрвета крушке, али и за саму биљку, забележени у Речнику српскохрватскога књижевног језика. Од 109 забележених назива за крушку семантичко-деривационој анализи подвргнуто је њих укупно 106. У анализираној грађи се, међу 29 издвојених суфикса, као најпродуктивнији јављају форманти -ача (25 деривата) и -ка (22), и иначе високофреквентни у творби именица, док су међу особинама које су генерисале извођење најфреквентније оне које се тичу времена дозревања плодова и њихове конзумације те њихове боје. Добијени резултати упоређени су с онима до којих смо раније дошли проучавајући називе за јабуку и шљиву, при чему се показало да се може говорити о својеврсној опозицији међу именовањима за ове три врсте воћа: док су називи за јабуку и крушку у великој мери подударни, у 19 наврата чак и исти, они за шљиву им се супротстављају како употребљеним творбеним моделима тако и продуктивношћу појединих мотивационих импулса.