bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dihydrolipoic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral deficits and neuroinflammation via regulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling in rat
Authors: Bian Hetao , Wang Gaohua , Huang Junjie , Liang Liang , Zheng Yage , Wei Yanyan , Wang Hui , Xiao Ling , Wang Huiling 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Recently, depression has been identified as a prevalent and severe mental disorder. However, the mechanisms underlying the depression risk remain elusive. The neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation are known to be involved in the pathology of depression. Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) has been reported as a strong antioxidant and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases, albeit the direct relevance between DHLA and depression is yet unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the preventive effect and potential mechanism of DHLA in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior in rats.

Methods
Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were utilized. LPS and DHLA were injected intraperitoneally every 2 days and daily, respectively. Fluoxetine (Flu) was injected intraperitoneally daily. PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK, was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before DHLA injection daily. Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) for nuclear factor erythroid 2-like (Nrf2) was injected into the bilateral hippocampus 14 days before the DHLA injection. Depression-like behavior tests were performed. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining detected the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins.

Results
The DHLA and fluoxetine treatment exerted preventive effects in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. The DHLA treatment increased the expression of ERK, Nrf2, and HO-1 but decreased the ROS generation levels and reduced the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. PD98059 abolished the effects of DHLA on preventive effect as well as the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins. Similarly, Nrf2 siRNA reversed the preventive effect of DHLA administration via the decreased expression of HO-1.

Conclusions
These findings suggested that DHLA exerted a preventive effect via ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 pathway in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. Thus, DHLA may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for depression.
High fat diet significantly changed the global gene expression profile involved in hepatic drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic system in mice
Authors: He Yuqi , Yang Tao , Du Yimei , Qin Lin , Ma Feifei , Wu Zunping , Ling Hua , Yang Li , Wang Zhengtao , Zhou Qingdi , Ge Guangbo , Lu Yanliu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHigh fat diet impact transcription of hepatic genes responsible for drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Until now, researches just focused on a couple specific genes without a global profile showing. Age-dependent manner was also not noted well. This study aims to investigate the high fat diet effect on transcriptome of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic system in mouse livers and show the age-dependent evidence.MethodsC57BL/6 male mice were used in this experiment. High fat diet was used to treat mice for 16 and 38 weeks. Serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminaselevels were measured. Meanwhile, Histology, RNA-Seq, RT-PCR analysis and fourteen major hepatic bile acids quantification were performed for the liver tissues. Data was mined at levels of genes, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic sysem, and genome wide.ResultsTreatment with high fat diet for 38 weeks significantly increased levels of serum lipids as well as aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. Meanwhile, lipid accumulation in livers was observed. At week 38 of the experiment, the profile of 612 genes involved in drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics was significantly changed, indicated by a heatmap visulization and a principal component analysis. In total 210 genes were significantly regulated. Cyp3a11, Cyp4a10, and Cyp4a14 were down-regulated by 10–35 folds, while these three genes also were highly expressed in the liver. High fat diet regulated 11% of genome-wide gene while 30% of genes involved in the hepatic drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic system. Genes, includingAdh4, Aldh1b1, Cyp3a11, Cyp4a10, Cyp8b1, Fmo2, Gsta3, Nat8f1, Slc22a7, Slco1a4, Sult5a1,andUgt1a9, were regulated by high fat diet as an aging-dependent manner. Bile acids homeostasis, in which many genes related to metabolism and transportation were enriched, was also changed by high fat diet with an aging-dependet manner. Expression of genes in drug metabolism and disposition system significantly correlated to serum lipid profiles, and frequently correlated with each other.ConclusionsHigh fat diet changed the global transcription profile of hepatic drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic system with a age-dependent manner.
Exploring physiotherapists’ clinical definition and diagnosis of inflammatory conditions of the lactating breast in Australia: a mixed methods study
Authors: Heron Emma , Maselli Tanya , McArdle Adelle , de Oliveira Beatriz I. R. , McKenna Leanda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Differences in physiotherapy intervention practices for mastitis have been shown across Australian regions and facilities and it is unknown if this is associated with physiotherapists’ definition and diagnosis of Inflammatory Conditions of the Lactating Breast (ICLB). The aims were to determine how Australian physiotherapists’ define and diagnose ICLB and if there are regional or facility differences in their ICLB definition and diagnosis.

Method
A cross-sectional mixed methods design was used to investigate how physiotherapists construct a definition and diagnosis of ICLB, via online qualitative and quantitative questions. Participants included 63 Australian physiotherapists who treated at least one woman with ICLB per month, over the last year. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse qualitative and quantitative responses, respectively.

Results
ICLB definition varied among physiotherapists (n = 63) with generated themes including definitions based on pathophysiology (57%), combination of local and systemic symptoms (38%), conditions (32%), local symptoms (25%) and breast function (16%). Overall, quantitative data supported these findings, as some physiotherapists considered blocked ducts an ICLB (83%), but some did not (17%), and some considered abscess and engorgement an ICLB (65%) and some did not (35%). For ICLB diagnosis, the main theme generated was lack of consensus between physiotherapists (n = 39) on the number or combination of local or systemic symptoms required. Quantitative data confirmed these themes, as 63% of physiotherapists (n = 63) indicated that more than one symptom was necessary to clinically diagnose ICLB, but 27% required only one symptom. For region and type of facility, consistency across the themes for region and facility was evident. Overall, quantitative data confirmed these findings, with no regional or facility differences, except physiotherapists from the Australian state of Victoria (96%) were more likely to consider blocked ducts as an ICLB, compared to those from the states of NSW (71%) or WA (71%) (n = 58; χ2 = 6.49, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Australian physiotherapists have varied definitions of ICLB and the required ICLB symptoms for clinical diagnosis. These results may prompt physiotherapists, who treat ICLB, to engage in explicit communication when discussing an ICLB in patient care, when delivering information in training courses and in developing treatment guidelines.
Effect of the short-segment internal fixation with intermediate inclined-angle polyaxial screw at the fractured vertebra on the treatment of Denis type B thoracolumbar fracture
Authors: Xiong Chengjie , Huang Biwang , Wei Tanjun , Kang Hui , Xu Feng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Short-segment internal fixation with intermediate straight-forward monoaxial screws (SSIF-SFM) and long-segment internal fixation (LSIF) are the two major surgical options for thoracolumbar (TL) fracture. However, SSIF-SFM might not provide adequate support to the spine, and LSIF is unnecessarily extensive. SSIF with intermediate inclined-angle polyxial screw (SSIF-IAP) might offer an alternative solution for the treatment of TL fracture.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted. Sixty-nine patients (47 males and 22 females; average 34.5 years) with Denis type B TL fracture who met the criteria for inclusion were enrolled. Sagittal Cobb’s angle (SCA), anterior vertebral body height (AVBH), vertebral body index (VBI), and spinal canal encroachment (SCE) were measured and assessed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were also evaluated.

Results
The average values of incision length, blood loss, duration of operation, and hospital stay in the SSIF-IAP group and SSIF-SFM group were significantly decreased compared with those in the LSIF group. The AVBH and VBI in the SSIF-IAP group and LSIF group were significantly improved than those in the SSIF-SFM group at 6-month and the latest follow-ups (P < 0.05). The correction losses of AVBH and VBI (calculated by the reduction of AVBH and VBI) in the SSIF-IAP group and LSIF group were also significantly decreased compared with those in the SSIF-SFM group at 6-month and the latest follow-ups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of SCE among the three groups postoperatively. The VAS and ODI in the SSIF-IAP group and SSIF-SFM group were significantly decreased compared with those in the LSIF group at 6-month and the latest follow-ups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Both SSIF-IAP and LSIF can improve the biomechanical stability as compared with SSIF-SFM. Moreover, SSIF-IAP was less extensive compared to LSIF. SSIF-IAP was an effective and reliable operative technique for patients with Denis type B TL fracture.
Impairment of maturation of BMP-6 (35 kDa) correlates with delayed fracture healing in experimental diabetes
Authors: Guo Qidong , Wang Weijie , Abboud Rami , Guo Zheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough it is known that diabetes interferes with fracture healing, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of BMP-6 and BMP-9 with the impairment in fracture healing in diabetes, by analyses of the difference in size and calcification of the callus, mechanical endurance, and expressing BMP-6 and BMP-9 in the callus, using a clinical related diabetic rodent model.MethodsWe evaluated femur fracture healing by quantification of size and calcification of the callus by X-ray, histological and histochemical images, loading capacity of the fractured bone, and amount of BMP-6 in the callus and the bones using Western blot assay.ResultsSignificant upregulation of BMP-6 in the callus and the fractured bones of both non-diabetic and the diabetic animals was observed, at the end of the second and the fourth weeks after fracture. However, significantly lower levels of BMP-6 at 35 kDa with smaller sizes of calcified callus and poor loading capacity of the healing bones were detected in the diabetic animals, compared to the non-diabetic controls. The impairment of the maturation procedure of BMP-6 (35 kDa) from precursors may be underlying the downregulation of the BMP-6 in diabetic animals.ConclusionsIt could be concluded that the delayed fracture healing in the diabetic animals is correlated with deficiency of BMP-6 (35 kDa), which may be caused by impairment of maturation procedure of BMP-6 from precursors to functioning format. This is a primary study but an important step to explore the molecular pathogenesis of impairment of fracture healing in diabetes and to molecular therapeutic approach for the impairment of fracture healing.
Facet joint parameters which may act as risk factors for chronic low back pain
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Naiguo , Xu Xiaoxin , Zhang Yu , Xu Gang , Chang Yvang , Li Zhonghai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Facet orientation (FO) and facet tropism (FT) are two important structural parameters of lumbar facet joint. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between facet joint parameters and chronic low back pain (LBP).

Methods
From June 2017 to January 2019, a total of 542 cases were enrolled in this study. There were 237 males and 305 females with a mean age of 35.8 years (range 18~59 years). All the cases were divided into a LBP group (LBP group) and a non-LBP group (N-LBP group) in this study. We compared their clinical parameters and facet joint parameters between two groups.

Results
The LBP group was composed of 190 male and 252 female, whose ages ranged from 17 to 59 years (35.6 ±7.9 y). The N- LBP group was composed of 47 male and 53 female, whose ages ranged from 18 to 59 years (35.9 ± 7.5 y). Of these parameters, BMI (P = 0.008) and FT (P = 0.003) at all three levels were found to be significantly associated with incidence of chronic LBP (P < 0.05), but FO were only found to be significant at L3-L4 level and L5-S1 level (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI and large FT were significant risk factors for chronic LBP (P < 0.05), and FT were found to might be independent risk factors for chronic LBP.

Conclusion
FT may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of chronic LBP.
Open versus arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mok Tsz Ngai , He Qiyu , Panneerselavam Soundarya , Wang Huajun , Hou Huige , Zheng Xiaofei , Pan Jinghua , Li Jieruo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a growing health concern that affects approximately 27 million people in the USA and is associated with a $185 billion annual cost burden. Choosing between open surgery and arthroscopic arthrodesis for ankle arthritis is still controversial. This study compared arthroscopic arthrodesis and open surgery by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
For the systematic review, a literature search was conducted in 4 English databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Library) from inception to February 2020. Three prospective cohort studies and 7 retrospective cohort studies, enrolling a total of 507 patients with ankle arthritis, were included.

Results
For fusion rate, the pooled data showed a significantly higher rate of fusion during arthroscopic arthrodesis compared with open surgery (odds ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.57, p = 0.0010). Regarding estimated blood loss, the pooled data showed significantly less blood loss during arthroscopic arthrodesis compared with open surgery (WMD 52.04, 95% CI 14.14 to 89.94, p = 0.007). For tourniquet time, the pooled data showed a shorter tourniquet time during arthroscopic arthrodesis compared with open surgery (WMD 22.68, 95% CI 1.92 to 43.43, p = 0.03). For length of hospital stay, the pooled data showed less hospitalisation time for patients undergoing arthroscopic arthrodesis compared with open surgery (WMD 1.62, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.26, p < 0.00001). The pooled data showed better recovery for the patients who underwent arthroscopic arthrodesis compared with open surgery at 1 year (WMD 14.73, 95% CI 6.66 to 22.80, p = 0.0003).

Conclusion
In conclusion, arthroscopic arthrodesis was associated with a higher fusion rate, smaller estimated blood loss, shorter tourniquet time, and shorter length of hospitalisation than open surgery.
Iliotibial band syndrome rehabilitation in female runners: a pilot randomized study
Authors: McKay Janine , Maffulli Nicola , Aicale Rocco , Taunton Jack 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) carries marked morbidity in runners. Its management is not standardized and lacks evidence base. We evaluated the effectiveness of three different exercises programs in reducing ITBS symptoms.

Methods
Patients were divided into three equal treatment groups: ITB stretching (group A), conventional exercise (group B), and experimental hip strengthening exercise (group C). Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS; every week), lower extremity functional scale (LEFS; every 2 weeks), dynamometer (DN; weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8), single-limb mini squat (SLMS; week 0, 8), and Y-balance test™ (YBT), between and within group’s differences were evaluated using ANOVA model.

Results
Twenty-four female runners (age 19–45 years) were included into one of three groups (A, B, and C). Statistical significance (p < 0.05) within group C was observed for composite YBT and DN for injured and non-injured leg, the YBT (injured leg for the posterior medial), LEFS, NPRS, and the SLMS. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was found between group A and group C. The stretching group exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) YBT anterior reach for the injured/non-injured leg and the LEFS.

Conclusion
There were no statistical differences between the three groups. The subjects who underwent experimental hip strengthening exercises consistently showed improvements in outcome measures, and never scored less than the other two groups.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT0229615
No drains in thoracic surgery with ERAS program
Authors: Shen Cheng , Che Guowei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEnhanced recovery after lobectomy surgery (ERAS) concept has been greatly developed between clinical implementation and minimally invasive surgery. In addition to the minimally invasive surgery, the management of the perioperative catheter has also attracted everyone’s attention. Tubeless minimally invasive treatment includes no urinary catheter placement during the operation and no chest tube after the operation. Here, we summarized all the reports on no urinary catheterization and no chest tube in patients with thoracic surgery and the impact of postoperative length of stay (LOS) and postoperative complications. We find that avoiding chest drain and urinary catheter placement after the surgery appears to be safe and beneficial for patients.
Cox-maze III procedure for atrial fibrillation during valve surgery: a single institution experience
Authors: Wang Chang-tian , Zhang Lei , Qin Tao , Xi Zhi-long , Sun Lei , Wu Hai-wei , Li De-min 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in patients with heart valve disease. Our aim was to summarize our experience and evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Cox maze III procedure combined with valve surgery in patients with AF.

Methods
A retrospective, observational analysis was performed for all consecutive patients underwent maze III procedure combined with valve surgery between October 2015 and June 2019. In this trial, we used a monopolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation in addition to cut and sew technique to treat AF.

Results
66 patients (37 female, 56.1%) with persistent or long-lasting persistent AF associated with valve disease were identified. The mean age was 54.2 ± 8.4 years (range, 30 to 73 years). Overall hospital mortality was 3.0%. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamping was 175.4 ± 32.9 and 115.6 ± 22.8 min respectively. The first 24 h drainage was 488.6 ± 293.3 ml. The postoperative hospital stay was 14.8 ± 8.3 days. The postoperative incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation, reoperation for bleeding, renal failure required hemodialysis, and stroke was 4.5, 1.5, 4.5% and 0 respectively. The frequency of sinus rhythm was 91.7, 93.1, 94.7, 93.3 and 89.5% at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months respectively.

Conclusions
The Cox-Maze III procedure is safe in the surgical treatment of AF associated with valve disease, and efficacious for sinus rhythm maintenance, with low morbidity and mortality.
The potential insights of Traditional Chinese Medicine on treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Tong Tong , Wu Ying-Qi , Ni Wei-Jian , Shen Ai-Zong , Liu Sheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCorona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. There is still no specific antiviral therapy to the current pandemic. In China, historical records show that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is effective in prevention and enhancing the resistance to pandemic with unique insights. To fight with COVID-19, National Health and Commission of PRC has recommended some TCM in the guideline, such as HuoxiangZhengqi, LianhuaQingwen ShufengJiedu and XueBijing, and actually displayed a remarkable effect in clinical treatment strategic for COVID-19. We review studies to provide an in-depth understanding into the effect of TCM, and also introduce the possible mechanism involved in COVID-19 treatment.
Transcriptomics- and metabolomics-based integration analyses revealed the potential pharmacological effects and functional pattern of in vivo Radix Paeoniae Alba administration
Authors: Wang Sining , Chen Huihua , Zheng Yufan , Li Zhenyu , Cui Baiping , Zhao Pei , Zheng Jiali , Lu Rong , Sun Ning 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and other natural medicines have remarkable curative effects and are widely used in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). However, due to their multi-component and multi-target characteristics, it is difficult to study the detailed pharmacological mechanisms for those natural medicines in vivo. Therefore, their real effects on organisms is still uncertain.

Methods
RPA was selected as research object, the present study was designed to study the complex mechanisms of RPA in vivo by integrating and interpreting the transcriptomic based RNA-seq and metabolomic based NMR spectrum after RPA administration in mice. A variety of dimension-reduction algorithms and classifier models were applied to the processing of high-throughput data.

Results
Among serum metabolites, the contents of PC and glucose were significantly increased, while the contents of various amino acids, lipids and their metabolites were significantly decreased in mice after RPA administration. Based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, differential analysis showed that the liver was the site where RPA exerted a significant effect, which confirmed the rationality of “meridian tropism” in the theory in TCM. In addition, RPA played a role in lipid metabolism by regulating genes encoding enzymes of the glycerolipid metabolism pathway, such as 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (Agpat), phosphatidate phosphatase (Lpin), phospholipid phosphatase (Plpp) and endothelial lipase (Lipg). We also found that RPA regulates several substance addiction pathways in the brain, such as the cocaine addiction pathway, and the related targets were predicted based on the sequencing data from pathological model in the GEO database. The overall effective pattern of RPA was intuitively presented with a multidimensional radar map through a self-designed model which found that liver and brain were mainly regulated by RPA compared with the traditional meridian tropism theory.

Conclusions
Overall this study expanded the potential application of RPA and provided possible targets and directions for further mechanism study, meanwhile, it also established a multi-dimensional evaluation model to represent the overall effective pattern of TCM for the first time. In the future, such study based on the high-throughput data sets can be used to interpret the theory of TCM and to provide a valuable research model and clinical medication reference for the TCM researchers and doctors.