bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology for simplified calculation of filter parameters of static power converters
Authors: Sobol A N , Bogdan A V , Uskov A E , Denisenko E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Currently, passive L-shaped LC filters are widely used in static power converters. There are a lot of methods for calculating filter parameters, but they are complex. In addition, at the stage of experimental studies, it is necessary to refine the parameters to ensure required electromagnetic compatibility of the functional elements of the system. A simplified method for calculating the parameters of output and input filters of static electric power converters was developed. It can be used to evaluate the efficiency of converters. Filter calculations of AC and DC converters are not different, since the ripple coefficient and the harmonic coefficient are equal. The first one assesses quality of output voltage of AC converters, and the second one assesses quality of output voltage of DC converters. The method is based on the requirements ensuring minimum mass, continuity of current in the load, and high quality of output voltage. These requirements are met under conditions discussed in the article.
Kinematics and parameters for spiral-helical machinery unit used for secondary tillage
Authors: Nuriev L M , Yakhin S M , Aliakberov I I , Galiev I G , Sinitsky S S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To improve the quality of pre-sowing/secondary tillage, the Kazan State Agrarian University has developed a soil-tillage machinery unit that, unlike other tools, contains a helical spiral and needle ellipsoid disks coaxially mounted on a horizontal shaft. A passive helical spiral creates a compacted seed bed at the depth of seed placement. Needle-shaped ellipsoidal disks are active and they provide mulching of the surface soil layer. The paper presents the parametric equations (derived in the analytical way) of some motion points that are placed on the cutting blade of a helical spiral. Also, we introduce the equations applied to determine the velocity of the motion points and accelerations, which together allow us to analyze how the machinery working body interacts with soil. Theoretical connections are also given to substantiate the main structural parameters of a spiral-helical machinery unit.
Substantiation of criteria and methods for estimating efficiency of the electric impulse process of plant material
Authors: Yudaev I V , Daus Yu V , Kokurin R G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
One of the most effective ways to prepare for extracting or removing intracellular fluid from plant material is its electric impulse treatment at initial processing stage before squeezing juice, dehydrating raw materials, drying materials, etc. As the parameters and modes that determine this process can be identified only experimentally, a device including a high-voltage impulse generator was designed. Plant tissue damage degree was assessed by changing resistance and phase shift. Intensive juice extraction was observed when high-voltage impulses in the amount of up to 100 units were supplied to plant material. With continued processing and increase in the number of impact impulses, the intensity of juice yield decreased, and the expended energy was spent on heating the plant material. The evaluation method based on quantitative analysis of pulse shape of flowing measuring current is proposed. The designed digital control device allows confirming the dependence of measured electrophysical parameters on changes occurring in plant material caused by electric impulse processing. The designed algorithm can be used as the basis of automatic control system operation for electroimpulse processing of plant materials before pressing.
Analysis of PM10 in urban and rural environment in Sumatra Island over the past half-decade
Authors: Khoir Aulia N , Suradi  , Kurdiyan  , Ahmad Mizani , Nurhayati Hanifah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) is an inhalable particle with a diameter smaller than 10 μm that disrupt the health of human respiratory. The distribution of PM10 varies depending on the region. This study aims to analyze the temporal distribution of PM10 in Sumatra Island, Indonesia, as one of the forest fires prone areas that affect neighboring countries, over the past half-decade. Study location was devided into two, Pekanbaru, Medan, Batam, and Palembang represent urban; and Jambi and Aceh represent rural areas, as we want to see the difference of variation of PM10 between two different locations of pollution source. In general, the results showed that the average PM10 concentration throughout the past half-decade was below the value threshold in all regions. The monthly PM10 concentration in rural areas is below the threshold except in Jambi, a monthly concentration above the threshold is in October. While the monthly PM10 concentration in urban areas tends to be above the threshold except for Batam and Pekanbaru. The monthly concentration of PM10 above the threshold occurs in Medan and Palembang in October. For trends in the rural and urban area, it shows different. Pekanbaru and Palembang which are located in urban area has significant decrease trend of concentration. For diurnal, the hourly average value tends to have different pattern in both urban and rural areas. PM10 concentrations in urban areas tend to be low in the morning and high during the day and rise again at night. The frequency of PM10 concentration above the threshold which is >10% occurrences is only in Medan and Palembang. Others have less than 10% occurrences of the frequency of PM10 concentration below the threshold.
Chemical characteristics and health risks of trace metals in PM2.5 from firework/firecracker burning during the Spring Festival in North China
Authors: Hao Yufang , Meng Xiangpeng , Yu Xuepu , Lei Mingli , Li Wenjun , Yang Wenwen , Shi Fangtian , Xie Shaodong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Firework/firecracker (FF) burning can significantly deteriorate air quality, whereas little is known about its influences on the elemental composition and associated health risks. Fine particles (PM2.5) and trace elements were characterized based on a multi-site campaign at Chifeng, China around 2016 Chinese Spring Festival (SF). Severe pollution levels average of 57.70 μg m−3 were observed during the SF with maximum to 471.00 μg m−3 shortly after the intensive FF activities. Largely enhanced PM2.5-bound metals were found in both urban and rural sites especially for K (8.27±5.36 μg m−3) and Al (2.36±1.41 μg m−3). Ba and Sr as the tracer of fireworks also increased more than 20-fold compared to non-SF period. Accordingly, FF burning factor identified via PMF model contributed significantly to the total elemental mass (71.34±24.94%) during the SF. Its major impacts on both crustal elements as Al, Ca, K and heavy metals as Cr, Cu and Pb were both identified. Elevated non-cancer risks (0.76 to children, 0.11 to adults) and cancer risks (3.96 × 10−6) were assessed during the SF, with As, Cd, Pb exerted the most adverse threats. The FF burning contributed the second largest share of the health threats after coal combustion, accounted for 28.35% and 12.64% of non-cancer risks for children and adults, respectively, and 10.03% of cancer risks, respectively. This study provided scientific evidences for stricter firework/firecracker regulations to protect public health.
Speciated NMVOCs Emission Inventories from Industrial Sources in China and Spatial Patterns of Ozone Formation Potential in 2016
Authors: Simayi Maimaiti , Hao Yufang , Xie Shaodong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper compiled a new speciated NMVOCs emission inventory for the industrial sources at the county-level by using a bottom-up approach in 2016, as well as estimated the ozone formation potential (OFP) and investigated its spatial characteristics in China. Results indicated that the total NMVOCs emissions from industrial sources estimated as 21.04 Tg in 2016. The five major source categories including “production of VOCs”, “storage and transportation”, “industrial processes using VOCs as raw material”, “processes using VOCs-containing products”, and “industrial fossil fuel combustion processes” generated 1.92 Tg, 0.94 Tg, 6.54 Tg, 10.04 Tg, and 1.60 Tg VOCs, respectively, in 2016. According to our estimates, aromatics were the largest contributor of industrial NMVOCs emissions in 2016, accounting for 36% of total NMVOCs, followed by Alkanes (29%), OVOCs (22%), Alkenes (7%), Halocarbons (4%), and Alkynes (2%). Styrene, m/p-xylene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and ethyl acetate were the top five VOC species from industrial sources in terms of abundance in 2016. Aromatics have a high potential for ozone formation, and accounted for 70% of total OFP, followed by Alkenes (14%), Alkanes (10%), and OVOCs (6%). Styrene, p-xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, 1,3-butadiene were the five species that had the largest potential to form ozone, and plastic industry, coke industry, household appliances industry, and architectural decoration were the key contributing sectors. The emissions displayed distinct spatial characteristics, with significantly higher emissions and OFPs in coastal regions than in other inland areas of China.
Indoor haze particulate control using knowledge graphs within self-optimizing HVAC control systems
Authors: Mugumya Kevin Luwemba , Wong Jing Ying , Chan Andy , Yip Chun-Chieh , Ghazy Shams 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Transboundary haze pollution in South East Asia is posing a threat to conventional design of buildings yet indoor air pollution from haze particulate infiltration has still received less attention in Malaysia compared to haze pollution outdoors. Because of this minimal research effort, indoor building environments have increasingly become very complex environments for facility managers to monitor and control due to the corresponding growth in heterogeneity within building behavioural information and monitoring (sensory) systems. As a solution to this and part of an ongoing study, this paper presents the preliminary process of modelling heterogeneous building information related to indoor air quality (IAQ) (building envelope, sensors, contaminant properties, geometry, occupancy schedules and weather data) within modular and extensible semantic web knowledge graphs (KG). This work argues that this data model can preserve the existential and latent parametric relationships within such information therafter availing an accurate representation of the heterogeneous state-space in machine learning workflows of self-learning building monitors and controllers. Compared to the conventional homogenous feature vectors, KGs hold sufficient context-aware semantics for an algorithmic building control system to smartly monitor the IAQ and autonomously learn to adapt air handling units towards occupant comfort in an energy efficient manner. Specifically, this paper highlights the high-level implementation process of KGs within the deep Q-learning process of the aforementioned control systems. Finally, a brief discussion is provided on how this process reduces the complexity that facility managers face while operating their IAQ control systems followed by the conclusions and future work to be carried out in this study.
A simplified analytical model of ultrafine particle concentration within an indoor environment
Authors: Pini A , Grandoni L , Leuzzi G , Monti P , Bernardino A Di , Pelliccioni A , Gherardi M , Cattani G , Di Menno di Bucchianico A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Exposure to indoor fine and ultrafine particulate matter (PM) has been recognised as a fundamental problem as most people spend over 85% of their time indoor. Experimental data derived from a field campaign conducted in a confined environment have been used to investigate the physical mechanisms governing indoor-outdoor PM exchanges in different operating conditions, e.g. natural ventilation and infiltration. An analytical model based on the mass balance of PM has been used to estimate indoor fine and ultrafine PM concentration. Indoor-outdoor concentration ratio, penetration factor and air exchange rate have been estimated and related to the differential pressure measured at the openings.
Dust concentration and awareness of safety and health among orthopaedic clinic staffs in Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Bakar ZA , Rahman IA , Ithnin A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective: The study was carried out to determine the concentration of total dust from the orthopaedic casting materials exposed to personnel and working area. The determination of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding occupational safety and health (OSH) aspects also conducted. Increase dust concentration above the permissible limit (PEL) would decrease the health status among the staffs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the orthopaedic clinic public hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Determination of total dust concentration was using a NIOSH Manual of Analytical Method (NMAM 0501) for 8 hours and a direct reading for 10 minutes. A set of questionnaires assessing the level of KAP related to OSH at the orthopaedic clinic was distributed. Results: The results of total dust concentration in the casting room are 3.402 ± 0.003 mg/m3 from area sampling and for the personal air sampling is 5.573 ± 0.040 mg/m3 which are below than 15 mg/m3 PEL. Percentage of KAP level of OSH in the orthopaedic clinic indicates knowledge (96.75%), attitude (83.7%) and practices (82.85%) respectively. However, this study found that the level of knowledge related to OSH at the orthopaedic clinic had significant relationships (p <0.05) with age, job titles and area of workplaces, while OSH attitudes in orthopaedic clinics had significant relationships (p <0.05) with job titles, use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Level of practice of OSH at orthopaedic clinics, there was significant relationship (p <0.05) with age, job titles and use of PPE. Conclusion: The risk to total dust concentration exposure in this study are relatively low, however, some literature suggested duration of exposure-response even though in the low concentration can be a predisposing factor toward to health occupational illnesses. Medical health surveillance should be implemented in every 6 months to monitor staff’s health status.
Design and performance of a low-cost atmospheric composition monitor for deployment in extreme environments
Authors: Carotenuto F. , Brilli L. , Gioli B. , Gualtieri G. , Martelli F. , Mazzola M. , Vagnoli C. , Viola A. , Zaldei A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Arctic is one critical environment for monitoring climate change as well as variations in background concentrations of atmospheric components. The associated logistic difficulties, though, make hard to deploy an extensive monitoring network of sensors, limiting long time-series to only sparse and costly point observations. Low-cost sensors are experiencing a widespread employment in research and monitoring applications and could be an interesting tool to deploy spatialized monitoring networks even in extreme environments. In this context, two CNR Labs (IBE and ISAC) made a long-term deployment of a prototypal low-cost sensor for atmospheric composition monitoring in the polar research village of Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard, Norway). In about one year of measurements the low-cost sensor showed: i) a good consistency in the data series with minimal data loss, ii) no significant requirements for maintenance and iii) the capability of capturing the main atmospheric trends of the Arctic lower troposphere.
Air-quality assessment over the world’s Most Ambitious Project, NEOM in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dasari Hari Prasad , Desamsetti Srinivas , Langodan Sabique , Rama Krishna L.N.K , Singh Shyamcharan , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
NEOM is an under-development transnational city and economic zone spreading over an area of 26,500 sq.km along the northern Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia, bordering Jordan and Egypt. This work analyzes the meteorological parameters and air pollution dispersion over the NEOM region based on observations and air-quality dispersion modeling. The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was implemented to simulate air parcel trajectories, as well as transport, dispersion, chemical transformation, and deposition. To drive HYSPLIT, high-resolution meteorological data generated at 600 m resolution by downscaling ECMWF global reanalysis using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) were used. The United Sates Environmental Protection Agency Air Pollutant Emission Factors 42 emission inventory was used to initialize HYSPLIT. A continuous three-year meteorological and air-quality data from WRF-HYSPLIT model is used to analyze the spatial and temporal distributions of air pollutants’ concentration over the NEOM region. Strong land and sea breezes resulting from the differential heating dominates the diurnal dispersion and distribution of pollutants in the NEOM region. The spatial distributions of the mean seasonal ambient air pollution dispersion show similar patterns, with relatively higher concentrations in spring and winter. This is more pronounced in the spatial distributions of the maximum concentrations of different pollutants, which show the maximum concentrations in the spring and winter due to lower boundary layer heights. The predicted maximum concentrations of NOx (∼40 μg/m3), SO2 (∼25 μg/m3), CO (∼10 μg/m3), VOC (∼0.05 μg/m3), and PMT (∼4 μg/m3) over the study region remain well below the National Air Quality standards recommended by the Saudi General Authority for Meteorology and Environment Protection and the Royal commission. Our analysis provides needed information to understand the state of the air quality over the NEOM region, providing fundamental contribution to the environment impact assessment and planning in the region.
Biomass Char Gasification with Carbon Dioxide As An Alternative Energy
Authors: Selvarajoo Anurita 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Currently, the main energy source are fossil based fuel. Utilisation of conventional fossil fuel is contributing to greenhouse gas emissions which causes climate change. Attention to renewable energy sources has increased nowadays to reduce the high dependence on fossil fuel which is considered not renewable. Biomass seems to be a promising and environmental friendly feedstock that can be converted into useful products (biochar, bio-oil and syngas). One of the method to convert biochar to syngas is through the gasification technology. When biochar is reacted with gasifying agent like CO2 and H2O at high temperatures, syngas which is rich in hydrogen can be produced. The main objectives of this work are to study the gasification behaviour of pineapple peels in Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) using CO2 as its gasifying agent. The effect of temperature towards char reactivity and carbon conversion were determined. In conclusion, this study provides information on utilisation of biomass waste as an energy source through gasification technology.
Needleless electrospinning system with wire spinneret: an alternative way to control morphology, size, and productivity of nanofibers
Authors: Prahasti Gian , Zulfi Akmal , Munir Muhammad Miftahul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile method to produce nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers have been extensively used in many industrial applications such as wound dressing, sensor, protective clothing, and filters. However, producing nanofibers efficiently through a single-needle electrospinning technique is still challenging. In this study, a system of needleless electrospinning with a wire spinneret was utilized to produce Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers. Process parameters comprised concentration of solution, applied voltage, flow rate of solution, collection distance, and diameter of the wire spinneret were altered to examine morphology, diameter, and productivity of the produced fibers. SEM images showed that morphology of the produced fibers was affected by concentration of PVP solution. Moreover, diameter of the produced fibers could be varied by controlling the process parameters. Our needleless electrospinning system has proved to be more productive in producing fibers than the single-needle electrospinning system.
SCEBE: an efficient and scalable algorithm for genome-wide association studies on longitudinal outcomes with mixed-effects modeling
Authors: Yuan Min , Xu Xu Steven , Yang Yaning , Zhou Yinsheng , Li Yi , Xu Jinfeng , Pinheiro Jose ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using longitudinal phenotypes collected over time is appealing due to the improvement of power. However, computation burden has been a challenge because of the complex algorithms for modeling the longitudinal data. Approximation methods based on empirical Bayesian estimates (EBEs) from mixed-effects modeling have been developed to expedite the analysis. However, our analysis demonstrated that bias in both association test and estimation for the existing EBE-based methods remains an issue. We propose an incredibly fast and unbiased method (simultaneous correction for EBE, SCEBE) that can correct the bias in the naive EBE approach and provide unbiased P-values and estimates of effect size. Through application to Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data with 6 414 695 single nucleotide polymorphisms, we demonstrated that SCEBE can efficiently perform large-scale GWAS with longitudinal outcomes, providing nearly 10 000 times improvement of computational efficiency and shortening the computation time from months to minutes. The SCEBE package and the example datasets are available at https://github.com/Myuan2019/SCEBE.
AnthOligo: automating the design of oligonucleotides for capture/enrichment technologies
Authors: Jayaraman Pushkala , Mosbruger Timothy , Hu Taishan , Tairis Nikolaos G , Wu Chao , Clark Peter M , D’Arcy Monica , Ferriola Deborah , Mackiewicz Katarzyna , Gai Xiaowu , Monos Dimitrios , Sarmady Mahdi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Summary
A number of methods have been devised to address the need for targeted genomic resequencing. One of these methods, region-specific extraction (RSE) is characterized by the capture of long DNA fragments (15–20 kb) by magnetic beads, after enzymatic extension of oligonucleotides hybridized to selected genomic regions. Facilitating the selection of the most appropriate capture oligos for targeting a region of interest, satisfying the properties of temperature (Tm) and entropy (ΔG), while minimizing the formation of primer-dimers in a pooled experiment, is therefore necessary. Manual design and selection of oligos becomes very challenging, complicated by factors such as length of the target region and number of targeted regions. Here we describe, AnthOligo, a web-based application developed to optimally automate the process of generation of oligo sequences used to target and capture the continuum of large and complex genomic regions. Apart from generating oligos for RSE, this program may have wider applications in the design of customizable internal oligos to be used as baits for gene panel analysis or even probes for large-scale comparative genomic hybridization array processes. AnthOligo was tested by capturing the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) of a random sample.
The application provides users with a simple interface to upload an input file in BED format and customize parameters for each task. The task of probe design in AnthOligo commences when a user uploads an input file and concludes with the generation of a result-set containing an optimal set of region-specific oligos. AnthOligo is currently available as a public web application with URL: http://antholigo.chop.edu.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.