bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of collagen XVIII leads to lipodystrophy and perturbs hepatic glucose and lipid homeostasis
Authors: Petäistö Tiina , Vicente David , Mäkelä Kari A. , Finnilä Mikko A. , Miinalainen Ilkka , Koivunen Jarkko , Izzi Valerio , Aikio Mari , Karppinen Sanna‐Maria , Devarajan Raman , Thevenot Jerome , Herzig Karl‐Heinz , Heljasvaara Ritva , Pihlajaniemi Taina 
Published: May 2020

Key points
Extracellular matrix is highly remodelled in obesity and associates with the development of metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance.
Previously, we have shown that the lack of specific collagen XVIII isoforms impairs adipocyte differentiation in mice.
Here, we show that mice lacking the medium and long isoforms of collagen XVIII develop insulin resistance and glucose intolerance and show elevated serum triglycerides and fat accumulation in the liver.
We report that collagen XVIII‐deficient mice have increased heat production at low temperatures.
These results reveal a new role for collagen XVIII in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and they expand the understanding of the development of metabolic disorders.
AbstractLiver and adipose tissues play important roles in the regulation of systemic glucose and lipid metabolism. Extracellular matrix synthesis and remodelling are significantly altered in these tissues in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Collagen XVIII is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix component, and it occurs in three isoforms which differ in terms of molecular size, domain structure and tissue distribution. We recently showed that, in mice, the lack of collagen XVIII, and especially its medium and long isoforms, leads to reduced adiposity and dyslipidaemia. To address the metabolic consequences of these intriguing observations, we assessed whole‐body glucose homeostasis in mice challenged with a high‐fat diet and in normal physiological conditions. We observed that, in the high caloric diet, the overall adiposity was decreased by 30%, serum triglyceride values were threefold higher and the steatotic area in liver was twofold larger in collagen XVIII knockout mice compared with controls. We demonstrated that mice lacking either all three collagen XVIII isoforms, or specifically, the medium and long isoforms develop insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Furthermore, we found that ablation of collagen XVIII leads to increased heat production in low temperatures and to reduction of the high blood triglyceride levels of the knockout mice to the level of wild‐type mice. Our data indicate that collagen XVIII plays a role in the regulation of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis, principally through its ability to regulate the expansion of the adipose tissue. These findings advance the understanding of metabolic disorders.
Diffuse excessive high signal intensity on term equivalent MRI does not predict disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rath Chandra Prakash , Desai Saumil , Rao Shripada C , Patole Sanjay 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) on term equivalent age MRI (TEA-MRI) predicts disability in preterm infants.DesignThis is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EMCARE, Google Scholar and MedNar databases were searched in July 2019. Studies comparing developmental outcomes of isolated DEHSI on TEA-MRI versus normal TEA-MRI were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was undertaken where data were available in a format suitable for pooling.Main outcome measuresNeurodevelopmental outcomes ≥1 year of corrected age based on validated tools.ResultsA total of 15 studies (n=1832) were included, of which data from 9 studies were available for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate (n=7) for sensitivity of DEHSI in predicting cognitive/mental disability was 0.58 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.79) and for specificity was 0.46 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.74). The summary area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was low at 0.54 (CI 0.50 to 0.58). A pooled diagnostic OR (DOR) of 1 indicated that DEHSI does not discriminate preterm infants with and without mental disability. The pooled estimate (n=8) for sensitivity of DEHSI in predicting cerebral palsy (CP) was 0.57 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.75) and for specificity was 0.41 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.62). The summary area under the ROC curve was low at 0.51 (CI 0.46 to 0.55). A pooled DOR of 1 indicated that DEHSI does not discriminate between preterm infants with and without CP.ConclusionsDEHSI on TEA-MRI did not predict future development of cognitive/mental disabilities or CP.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019130576.
Oxaliplatin infusion-related venous pain: prevention by simultaneous intravenous fluids
Authors: van Ravensteijn Stefan , van Merrienboer Britt , van Asten Stefan , Pruijt Johannes , Hilbink Mirrian , Tol Jolien 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveOxaliplatin is a cytotoxic agent frequently used in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer patients. A known side effect of oxaliplatin administration via a peripheral vein is infusion-related pain. In this retrospective cohort study we compared the incidence of infusion-related pain in patients treated with oxaliplatin with or without simultaneous fluid infusion (FI) (800 mL glucose 5% in 2 hours).MethodsWe retrospectively defined two cohorts: Patients treated with oxaliplatin and simultaneous intravenous FI and the same number of patients treated without FI.The incidence of infusion-related venous pain was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included: Incidence of hypersensitivity reactions, infusion time, dose density, number of patients switched to a central venous catheter and incidence of peripheral neuropathy.Results100 patients were included, 50 patients in both groups. Baseline characteristics were comparable, except for age (median 66.8 vs 62.4 years in groups with and without FI; p=0.017), and body mass index (28.0 vs 25.7 kg/m2, respectively; p=0.012). Patients treated with simultaneous FI experienced significantly less vascular pain compared with those without FI (10% vs 78%, respectively; p<0.0001; OR 0.031 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.098)). No difference was observed in dose density, treatment delay or the need of central venous catheter. Logistic regression analysis showed no confounders affecting the primary outcome. No adverse events of FI were observed.ConclusionConcurrent infusion of 800 mL glucose 5% with peripheral venous administration of oxaliplatin significantly reduces the incidence of infusion-related pain in gastrointestinal cancer patients and is highly feasible and affordable in everyday clinical practice.
Do underlying cardiovascular diseases have any impact on hospitalised patients with COVID-19?
Authors: Zhang Jixiang , Lu Shimin , Wang Xiaoli , Jia Xuemei , Li Jiao , Lei Hongbo , Liu Zhengru , Liao Fei , Ji Mengyao , Lv Xiaoguang , Kang Jian , Tian Shan , Ma Jingjing , Wu Dandan , Gong Yang , Xu Yu , Dong Weiguo 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesAn outbreak of the highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has sickened thousands of people in China. The purpose of this study was to explore the early clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of patients with COVID-19 from a single centre. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcription PCR for SARS-CoV-2 on admission. Demographic and clinical factors and laboratory data were reviewed and collected to evaluate for significant associations.ResultsThe study included 541 patients with COVID-19. A total of 144 (26.6%) patients had a history of CVD. The mortality of patients with CVD reached 22.2%, which was higher than that of the overall population of this study (9.8%). Patients with CVD were also more likely to develop liver function abnormality, elevated blood creatinine and lactic dehydrogenase (p<0.05). Symptoms of sputum production were more common in patients with CVD (p=0.026). Lymphocytes, haemoglobin and albumin below the normal range were pervasive in the CVD group (p<0.05). The proportion of critically ill patients in the CVD group (27.8%) was significantly higher than that in the non-CVD group (8.8%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that CVD (OR: 2.735 (95% CI 1.495 to 5.003), p=0.001) was associated with critical COVID-19 condition, while patients with coronary heart disease were less likely to reach recovery standards (OR: 0.331 (95% CI 0.125 to 0.880), p=0.027).ConclusionsConsidering the high prevalence of CVD, a thorough CVD assessment at diagnosis and early intervention are recommended in COVID-19 patients with CVD. Patients with CVD are more vulnerable to deterioration.
The jurogam 3 spectrometer
Authors: Pakarinen J. , Ojala J. , Ruotsalainen P. , Tann H. , Badran H. , Calverley T. , Hilton J. , Grahn T. , Greenlees P. T. , Hytönen M. , Illana A. , Kauppinen A. , Luoma M. , Papadakis P. , Partanen J. , Porras K. , Puskala M. , Rahkila P. , Ranttila K. , Sarén J. , Sandzelius M. , Szwec S. , Tuunanen J. , Uusitalo J. , Zimba G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe jurogam 3 spectrometer has been constructed for in-beam $$\gamma $$γ-ray spectroscopy experiments in the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. jurogam 3 consists of germanium-detector modules in a compact geometry surrounding a target to measure $$\gamma $$γ rays emitted from radioactive nuclei. jurogam 3 can be employed in conjunction with one of two recoil separators, the mara vacuum-mode separator or the ritu gas-filled separator, and other ancillary devices.
Diagonal and Hall holographic conductivities dual to a bulk condensate of magnetic monopoles
Authors: Rougemont Romulo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBy employing the holographic operator mixing technique to deal with coupled perturbations in the gauge/gravity duality, I numerically compute the real and imaginary parts of the diagonal and Hall AC conductivities in a strongly coupled quantum field theory dual to a bulk condensate of magnetic monopoles. The results obtained show that a conclusion previously derived in the literature, namely, the vanishing of holographic DC conductivities in 3-dimensional strongly coupled quantum field theories dual to a 4-dimensional bulk magnetic monopole condensate, also applies to the calculation of diagonal and Hall conductivities in the presence of a topological$$\theta $$θ-term. Therefore, the condensation of magnetic monopoles in the bulk is suggested as a rather general and robust mechanism to generate dual strongly coupled quantum field theories with zero DC conductivities. The interplay between frequency,$$\theta $$θ-angle and the characteristic mass scale of the monopole condensate on the results for the conductivities is also investigated.
Novel route to prepare lanthanum oxide nanoparticles for optoelectronic devices
Authors: Ismail Raid A. , Fadhil Fattin A. , Rashed Halah H. 
Published: May 2020

In this study, we report, for the first time, on synthesis of lanthanum oxide [Formula: see text] nanoparticles NPs by laser ablation in water without using surfactant. The effect of laser wavelength on the optical and structural properties of [Formula: see text] NPs was investigated. X-ray diffraction studies show formation of polycrystalline lanthanum oxide with pure cubic phase and the crystallinity of the nanoparticles synthesized with [Formula: see text] nm was better than that prepared with [Formula: see text] nm. The optical absorption investigations reveal that a strong absorption peak at 234 nm was observed for [Formula: see text] NPs prepared at 532 nm laser wavelength. The optical energy gap of [Formula: see text] NPs synthesized with 532 and 1064 nm laser wavelengths were 5 and 4.5 eV, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation indicated the formation of nanoparticles with average particle size of 35 nm for [Formula: see text] prepared with 532 nm and was 75 nm for [Formula: see text] prepared with 1064 nm laser wavelength. The effect of laser wavelength on the optoelectronic properties of hybrid In/p-[Formula: see text]/n-Si photodetector was studied. The responsivity studies of the photodetectors show the presence of two response peaks at 250 and 750 nm.
LosPem
Authors: Li Sumin , Huang Linpeng 
Published: May 2020

New and emerging types of Persistent Memory (PM) technologies boost the opportunity to improve the performance of storage systems. PM can unify the main memory and secondary storage by incorporating it into legacy computer systems through the memory bus. In recent years, innovative results have been presented that exploit the byte-addressability, low latency, and non-volatility of PM; these have included local PM file systems and PM systems. However, the high overhead of ensuring data consistency has limited the performance of these systems.
In this article, we propose LosPem, a novel log-structured framework for persistent memory to address the performance challenge. LosPem utilizes two techniques to accomplish this. Firstly, LosPem deploys efficient hash-indexed linked lists to maintain the log contents to reduce the significant overhead of log content retrieval. Secondly, LosPem improves the transaction throughput by decoupling a transaction into two asynchronous steps and creating a write buffer on Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) write buffer for processing the frequent data writes. The experimental results show that LosPem outperforms Non-volatile Memory Library (NVML), Mnemosyne and Log-structured Non-volatile Main Memory (LSNVMM) by 27%, 1.2x, and 1.0x on a read-intensive workload. On a write-intensive workload, LosPem outperforms NVML, Mnemosyne, and LSNVMM by 1.8x, 1.2x, and 34%, respectively.
Path persistence in the cloud
Authors: Reda Waleed , Bogdanov Kirill , Milolidakis Alexandros , Ghasemirahni Hamid , Chiesa Marco , Maguire Gerald Q. , Kostić Dejan 
Published: May 2020

A commonly held belief is that traffic engineering and routing changes are infrequent. However, based on our measurements over a number of years of traffic between data centers in one of the largest cloud provider's networks, we found that it is common for flows to change paths at ten-second intervals or even faster. These frequent path and, consequently, latency variations can negatively impact the performance of cloud applications, specifically, latency-sensitive and geo-distributed applications.
Our recent measurements and analysis focused on observing path changes and latency variations between different Amazon aws regions. To this end, we devised a path change detector that we validated using both ad hoc experiments and feedback from cloud networking experts. The results provide three main insights: (1) Traffic Engineering (TE) frequently moves (TCP and UDP) flows among network paths of different latency, (2) Flows experience unfair performance, where a subset of flows between two machines can suffer large latency penalties (up to 32% at the 95th percentile) or excessive number of latency changes, and (3) Tenants may have incentives to selfishly move traffic to low latency classes (to boost the performance of their applications). We showcase this third insight with an example using rsync synchronization.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to reveal the high frequency of TE activity within a large cloud provider's network. Based on these observations, we expect our paper to spur discussions and future research on how cloud providers and their tenants can ultimately reconcile their independent and possibly conflicting objectives. Our data is publicly available for reproducibility and further analysis at http://goo.gl/25BKte.
Regions at Risk in the Knee Joint of Young Professional Soccer Players: Longitudinal Evaluation of Early Cartilage Degeneration by Quantitative T2 Mapping in 3 T MRI
Authors: Schenk Hanna , Simon David , Waldenmeier Leonie , Evers Christoph , Janka Rolf , Welsch Goetz H. , Pachowsky Milena L. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose The study aims to detect regions at risk for (pre-)osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral joint of young professional soccer players by evaluating cartilage composition by T2 mapping in a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging setting. Methods In this longitudinal study, 20 professional adolescent soccer players were included. Tibiofemoral cartilage was assessed by quantitative T2 mapping and T2 values were evaluated by regions of interest analysis. Statistical evaluation, using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, was performed to compare global T2 values and subregional T2 values between a baseline and a follow-up investigation 4.3 years later. Based on the average of playing time (15 years) we divided the cohort in 2 groups and differences were evaluated. Results When comparing baseline and follow-up, our findings showed statistically significant increases of the global medial tibial and femoral T2 values. The most noticeable results of the subregional T2 analysis were statistically significant increases in the medial posterior zones (deep femoral 36.1 vs. 39.5, P = 0.001; superficial femoral 57.0 vs. 62.4, P = 0.034; deep tibial 28.3 vs. 34.1, P = 0.009; superficial tibial 43.2 vs. 55.3, P = 0.002). Conclusion The elevation of T2 values in the medial, especially medial posterior, compartment of the knee joint indicates that these regions are at risk for early cartilage degeneration already at the time of adolescence. The findings can help individualize and optimize training concepts and to be aware of the chronic stress on these vulnerable areas. Prevention programs should be established in young players to avoid further cartilage damage.
Frequency, Timing, and Prediction of Major Bleeding Complications From Percutaneous Renal Biopsy
Authors: Schorr Melissa , Roshanov Pavel S. , Weir Matthew A. , House Andrew A. 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objectives: The risk and timing of bleeding events following ultrasound-guided percutaneous renal biopsy are not clearly defined. Design setting, participants, and measurements: We performed a retrospective study of 617 consecutive adult patients who underwent kidney biopsy between 2012 and 2017 at a tertiary academic hospital in London, Canada. We assessed frequency and timing of minor (not requiring intervention) and major (requiring blood transfusion, surgery, or embolization) bleeds and developed a personalized risk calculator for these. Results: Bleeding occurred in 79 patients (12.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.4%-15.7%). Minor bleeding occurred in 67 patients (10.9%; 95% CI: 8.6%-13.6%). Major bleeding occurred in 12 patients (1.9%; 95% CI: 1.1%-3.4%); 2 required embolization or surgery (0.3%; 95% CI: 0.09%-1.2%) and 10 required blood transfusion (1.6%; 95% CI: 0.9%-3.0%). Seventy-three of 79 events were identified immediately on post-procedure ultrasound (92.4% of cases; 95% CI: 84.4%-96.5%). Four of 617 patients experienced a minor event not detected immediately (0.6%; 95% CI: 0.3%-1.7%). Two patients (0.3%; 95% CI: 0.09%-1.2%) suffered a major complication that was not recognized immediately; both required blood transfusions only. There were no deaths or nephrectomies. A risk calculator using age, body mass index, platelet count, hemoglobin concentration, size of the target kidney, and whether the kidney is native, or an allograft predicted minor (C-statistic, 0.70) and major bleeding (C-statistic, 0.83). Conclusions: This retrospective study of 617 patients who had percutaneous ultrasound-guided renal biopsies supports the safety of short post-biopsy monitoring for most patients. A risk calculator can further personalize estimates of complication risk ( http://perioperativerisk.com/kbrc ).
Atomic-Resolution EDX, HAADF, and EELS Study of GaAs1-xBix Alloys
Authors: Paulauskas Tadas , Pačebutas Vaidas , Butkutė Renata , Čechavičius Bronislovas , Naujokaitis Arnas , Kamarauskas Mindaugas , Skapas Martynas , Devenson Jan , Čaplovičová Mária , Vretenár Viliam , Li Xiaoyan , Kociak Mathieu , Krotkus Arūnas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe distribution of alloyed atoms in semiconductors often deviates from a random distribution which can have significant effects on the properties of the materials. In this study, scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques are employed to analyze the distribution of Bi in several distinctly MBE grown GaAs1−xBix alloys. Statistical quantification of atomic-resolution HAADF images, as well as numerical simulations, are employed to interpret the contrast from Bi-containing columns at atomically abrupt (001) GaAs-GaAsBi interface and the onset of CuPt-type ordering. Using monochromated EELS mapping, bulk plasmon energy red-shifts are examined in a sample exhibiting phase-separated domains. This suggests a simple method to investigate local GaAsBi unit-cell volume expansions and to complement standard X-ray-based lattice-strain measurements. Also, a single-variant CuPt-ordered GaAsBi sample grown on an offcut substrate is characterized with atomic scale compositional EDX mappings, and the order parameter is estimated. Finally, a GaAsBi alloy with a vertical Bi composition modulation is synthesized using a low substrate rotation rate. Atomically, resolved EDX and HAADF imaging shows that the usual CuPt-type ordering is further modulated along the [001] growth axis with a period of three lattice constants. These distinct GaAsBi samples exemplify the variety of Bi distributions that can be achieved in this alloy, shedding light on the incorporation mechanisms of Bi atoms and ways to further develop Bi-containing III-V semiconductors.
Vestibular migraine with Wallenberg syndrome: a case report
Authors: Xin Ying , Fu Junyi , Xie Longchang , Yang Jie , Ke Guanhao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Vestibular migraine, a kind of acute vestibular syndrome, leads to both migraines and vertigo symptoms in a single patient. The occurrence of vestibular migraine has shown an obvious increase in female groups based on age. Though it is recognized that migraines may cause ischemic lesions in some brain regions, the relationship between vestibular migraine and cerebral infarction has seldom been reported, especially with no known research reports about vestibular migraine with Wallenberg syndrome. Based on this, the connection of the two diseases needs to be the focus of more research.

Case presentation
The patient, a 35-year-old lady, came to our department with severe vertigo and headaches for approximately two years. She suffered from migraines which attacked about twice yearly for nearly a decade. The diffusive weighted imaging showed a subacute infarction in the right lateral medullar. The clinical characteristics and MRI findings supported the diagnosis of vestibular migraine with Wallenberg syndrome. Along with the normal routine medication for vestibular migraine with Wallenberg syndrome, we also prescribed migraine therapy at the same time. In a 3-month follow-up, the patient had suffered only one vertigo attack and she reported that the migraines were less common and less intense than she was previously experiencing.

Conclusions
Due to the fact that vestibular migraine is one of the risk factors of cerebral ischemia, we need to pay more attention to this phenomenon. The current case suggests that both routine medication on ischemic stroke as well as treatment for migraines should be used concurrently in vestibular migraine with Wallenberg syndrome.