bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surveying the Giant H ii Regions of the Milky Way with SOFIA. II. M17
Authors: Lim Wanggi , De Buizer James M. , Radomski James T. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present our second set of results from our mid-infrared imaging survey of Milky Way giant H ii regions. We used the FORCAST instrument on the Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) to obtain 20 and 37 μm images of the central ∼10′ × 10′ area of M17. We investigate the small- and large-scale properties of M17 using our data in conjunction with previous multiwavelength observations. The spectral energy distributions of individual compact sources were constructed with Spitzer-IRAC, SOFIA-FORCAST, and Herschel-PACS photometry data and fitted with massive young stellar object (MYSO) models. Seven sources were found to match the criteria for being MYSO candidates, four of which are identified here for the first time, and the stellar mass of the most massive object, UC 1, is determined to be 64 M
☉. We resolve the extended mid-infrared emission from the KW object and suggest that the angle of this extended emission is influenced by outflow. It is shown that IRS 5 decreases in brightness as a function of wavelength from the mid- to far-infrared and has several other indicators that point to it being an intermediate-mass Class II object and not an MYSO. We find that the large-scale appearance of emission in M17 at 20 μm is significantly affected by contamination from the [S iii] emission line from the ionized gas of the giant H ii region. Finally, a number of potential evolutionary tracers yield a consistent picture suggesting that the southern bar of M17 is likely younger than the northern bar.
Thermal Evolution of Neo-neutron Stars. I. Envelopes, Eddington Luminosity Phase, and Implications for GW170817
Authors: Beznogov Mikhail V. , Page Dany , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A neo-neutron star is a hot neutron star that has just become transparent to neutrinos. In a core-collapse supernova or accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf, the neo-neutron star phase directly follows the proto-neutron star phase, about 30–60 s after the initial collapse. It will also be present in a binary neutron star merger in the case where the “born-again” hot massive compact star does not immediately collapse into a black hole. Eddington or even super-Eddington luminosities are present for some time. A neo-neutron star produced in a core-collapse supernova is not directly observable, but the one produced by a binary merger, likely associated with an off-axis short gamma-ray burst, may be observable for some time as well as when produced in the accretion-induced collapse of a white dwarf. We present a first step in the study of this neo-neutron star phase in a spherically symmetric configuration, thus ignoring fast rotation and also ignoring the effect of strong magnetic fields. We put particular emphasis on determining how long the star can sustain a near-Eddington luminosity and also show the importance of positrons and contraction energy during the neo-neutron star phase. We finally discuss the observational prospects for neutron star mergers triggered by LIGO and for accretion-induced collapse transients.
Predictions of Cosmic Microwave Background Foreground Dust Polarization Using Velocity Gradients
Authors: Hu Yue , Yuen Ka Ho , Lazarian A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Observations of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background provide information about primordial inhomogeneities in the universe. However, the B-mode polarization of the inflationary gravitational wave is contaminated by the Galactic foreground polarized radiation arising from dust aligned by interstellar magnetic fields. To trace magnetic fields, we use the Velocity Gradient Technique (VGT), which employs modern understanding of the nature of magnetohydrodynamic turbulent motions. In this paper, we combine the VGT with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to improve the accuracy of magnetic field tracing. We apply the VGT–PCA to the high-resolution neutral hydrogen data from the GALFA-H i survey to predict the polarization of dust. We report that the predicted directions of dust polarization provide good correspondence with those reported by Planck 353 GHz, with the alignment measure between the two ≃0.79 ± 0.01. We show that our results statistically agree with the Planck polarization in terms of magnetic field tracing. We find that the variation of dust emission efficiency across the sky is small. Using our maps of predicted polarization, we calculate the ratio of the E- and B-modes, and show that BB/EE ≃ 0.53 ± 0.10, which is similar to the result from Planck polarization.
Confirmation of the Drug–drug Interaction Potential between Cobicistat-boosted Antiretroviral Regimens and Hormonal Contraceptives
Authors: Majeed Sophia R , West Steve , Ling Kah Hiing , Das Moupali , Kearney Brian P 
Published: January 2020

Background Cobicistat (COBI), a CYP3A inhibitor, is a pharmacokinetic enhancer that increases exposures of the HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) atazanavir (ATV) and darunavir (DRV). The potential drug interaction between COBI-boosted PIs and hormonal contraceptives, which are substrates of intestinal efflux transporters and extensively metabolized by CYP enzymes, glucuronidation and sulfation, was evaluated. Methods This was a Phase I, open-label, two cohort ( n=18/cohort), fixed-sequence study in healthy females that evaluated the drug–drug interaction (DDI) between multiple-dose ATV+COBI or DRV+COBI and single-dose drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol (EE). DDIs were evaluated using 90% confidence intervals of the geometric least-squares mean ratios of the test (drospirenone/EE+boosted PI) versus reference (drospirenone/EE) using lack of DDI boundaries of 70–143%. Safety was assessed throughout the study. Results 29/36 participants completed the study. Relative to drospirenone/EE alone, drospirenone area under the plasma concentration versus time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) was 1.6-fold and 2.3-fold higher, and maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) was unaltered, upon coadministration with DRV+COBI and ATV+COBI, respectively. EE AUCinf decreased 30% with drospirenone/EE + DRV+COBI and was unchanged with ATV+COBI + drospirenone/EE, relative to drospirenone/EE alone. Study treatments were generally well tolerated. The majority of adverse events were mild and consistent with known safety profiles of the compounds. Conclusions Consistent with COBI-mediated CYP3A inhibition, drospirenone exposure increased following coadministration with COBI-containing regimens, with a greater increase with ATV+COBI. Thus, clinical monitoring for drospirenone-associated hyperkalaemia is recommended with DRV+COBI and ATV+COBI should not be used with drospirenone. Lower EE exposure with DRV+COBI may be attributed to inductive effects of DRV on CYP enzymes and/or intestinal efflux transporters (that is, P-gp) involved in EE disposition.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Retinal Vascular Parameters With OCTA in Patients With Behçet Disease Without Ocular Involvement
Authors: Değirmenci Mehmet Fatih Kağan , Temel Emine , Yalçındağ F. Nilüfer 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features of patients with Behçet disease (BD) without ocular involvement.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Twenty-three patients with BD without ocular involvement and 29 healthy age/sex-matched control subjects were involved. The authors measured foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel density in the parafoveal region, and flow area (fovea-centered 3-mm radius area) in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses evaluated by OCTA.

RESULTS:

FAZ area was significantly larger in eyes with BD in both the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (0.331 vs. 0.240 mm
2
[
P
= .004] and 0.352 vs. 0.257 mm
2
[
P
= .003], respectively). Although mean capillary vessel density in parafoveal region and mean flow area were lower in eyes with BD for both superficial and deep capillary plexuses, these findings were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION:
Microvascular changes in macular region can be identified in patients with BD without ocular manifestation.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:31–34.]
L’imaginaire littéraire des grands espaces d’Amérique du Sud, un imaginaire traumatique ? À la recherche de lucioles, d’astres et de la liberté dans les ténèbres
Authors: Richard Céline 
Published: January 2020

Dans Vol de nuit (1931), l’écrivain français Antoine de Saint-Exupéry relate des accidents ayant marqué les débuts d’une compagnie aéropostale argentine, entretenant ainsi un imaginaire funèbre de la Cordillère des Andes. Dans Inri (2004), le poète chilien Raúl Zurita corrobore cet imaginaire traumatique, à caractère funeste, en évoquant les « disparus » dont les corps ont été jetés dans la Cordillère. Dans Patagonia express (1995), l’écrivain chilien Luis Sepúlveda évoque la lutte de résistants en Patagonie pendant la dictature chilienne, donnant à voir la Terre de Feu comme un espace de répression politique. Enfin, dans Les ombres de l’Araguaia (2017), l’écrivaine brésilienne Guiomar de Grammont décrit la forêt amazonienne comme un lieu de perdition mémorielle, où des jeunes gens disparaissent pendant la dictature militaire brésilienne. À travers l’étude de ces quatre romans, il s’agit d’exposer un imaginaire traumatique des grands espaces d’Amérique du Sud, puis de montrer en quoi ces grands espaces sud-américains peuvent aussi être appréhendés comme des espaces de conquête de la liberté.
« Pompeya y más allá la inundación » : los espacios de la catástrofe y de la anticipación regresiva en la literatura argentina
Authors: García-Romeu José 
Published: January 2020

Los relatos incluidos en Las repúblicas (1991) de Angélica Gorodischer y la novela La ciudad ausente (1992) de Ricardo Piglia participan en plasmar un género que alcanzará luego, en estas dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI, una notable prevalencia en la narrativa argentina. Llamamos ese género « anticipación regresiva », ya que imagina la disolución caótica y la reversión bárbara del espacio nacional en un futuro más o menos cercano. Después de enumerar algunas obras que lo constituyen y de describir las condiciones históricas de su aparición, analizaremos un cuento de Las repúblicas antes de interesarnos, como modelo de una actualización posterior del paradigma, por la novela Frío (2011) de Rafael Pinedo.
« Thar she blows ! » : imaginaire de la fin et quête de la nouvelle Jérusalem dans Le Soleil des gouffres de Louis Hamelin
Authors: Laporte David 
Published: January 2020

Depuis les premiers explorateurs, l’Amérique a été conçue comme une terre d’asile qui permettrait à l’homme de trouver refuge contre une civilisation européenne jugée dégénérée. Bien des auteurs ont repris à leur compte cet imaginaire disruptif, en l’associant bientôt aux potentialités rénovatrices de la grand-route : de On the road (Kerouac) à Easy Rider (Hopper) en passant par Americana (DeLillo), une même volonté de fuir les ruines fumantes de l’Histoire anime les personnages. Cet article aborde la façon dont Le soleil des gouffres, roman de la route du Québécois Louis Hamelin, retravaille certains des mythes générateurs de représentations de l’Amérique. Il montre, par une analyse des espaces notamment, comment l’écrivain réinscrit au sein de son récit cette tension fondatrice d’un imaginaire continental disputé entre images apocalyptiques, visions affolantes de fin du monde, et quête de (re)commencements quelque part dans un « nouveau » Nouveau Monde.
L’espace lisse : la représentation du désert dans Point Oméga de Don DeLillo
Authors: Esposito Manuel 
Published: January 2020

Point Oméga est le troisième roman écrit par de Don DeLillo après le 11 septembre. Après avoir représenté les attentats dans L’homme qui tombe, DeLillo se concentre sur la seconde guerre du Golfe. Nous verrons que son roman met en place – par un décentrement – une représentation indirecte de la guerre : en effet, dans Point Oméga, le désert, l’un des espaces américains par excellence, apparaît comme une virtualisation de la guerre qui a lieu en Irak. Nous utiliserons les concepts d’espace lisse et d’espace strié forgés par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari dans Mille plateaux pour analyser la représentation de l’espace dans le roman de DeLillo.
Baudelaire en Chine (1920-1937) : premières traductions, premières exégèses
Authors: Zhen Yang 
Published: January 2020

La Chine des années 1920 et 1930 est marquée par un esprit de révolution consistant à déconstruire les valeurs confucéennes traditionnelles au profit des courants intellectuels modernes. C’est dans ce contexte que nous observons la parution de nombreux articles critiques et traductions en chinois consacrés à Baudelaire. Nous nous attachons ici à montrer les manières selon lesquelles les critiques et traducteurs chinois construisent différentes images de Baudelaire, images qui renvoient à divers courants d’idées ayant influencé la Chine d’alors : lutte contre l’utilitarisme, recherche de la liberté, éloge de l’art pour l’art, marxisme, conservatisme en matière de langue littéraire ou recherche de nouveautés dans la poésie. Afin de mettre en lumière la subjectivité dans la construction de ces images chinoises de Baudelaire, une attention particulière est accordée à la réécriture des textes d’origine, dans la critique comme dans la traduction.
Une archive audiovisuelle de la création littéraire : les Ateliers d’écriture de Pascale Bouhénic
Authors: Follonier Selina 
Published: January 2020

Si les entretiens d’écrivains semblent, le plus souvent, n’offrir à l’investigation critique que des informations contextuelles de type biographique, historique ou sociologique, les entretiens filmés de la série L’Atelier d’écriture, focalisés exclusivement sur les processus d’écriture, dérogent à la règle. Faisant état d’une visée analytique en partie analogue à celle d’une enquête génétique, ils invitent à s’interroger sur leurs potentialités heuristiques dans la perspective de l’élaboration d’un savoir critique sur la genèse des textes. Comment envisager, d’un point de vue théorique, les informations qu’ils contiennent, compte tenu de la complexité du dispositif énonciatif qui les sous-tend et de l’ambivalence de leur statut, entre métadiscours et œuvre autonome ? Comment se rapportent-ils à d’autres formes de documentation du travail d’écriture ? Comment concevoir l’articulation des fonctions documentaire, patrimoniale et esthétique dont ils sont investis ? Cet article tentera d’élucider ces enjeux, tout en ouvrant à un questionnement plus large sur les relations entre audiovisuel et génétique littéraire.
Outpatient vs. home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mendes de Oliveira Julio C. , Studart Leitão Filho Fernando S. , Malosa Sampaio Luciana M. , Negrinho de Oliveira Ana C. , Pastrello Hirata Raquel , Costa Dirceu , Donner Claudio F. , De Oliveira Luis V.F. 
Published: January 2020

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality affecting a large number of individuals in both developed and developing countries and it represents a significant financial burden for patients, families and society. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a multidisciplinary program that integrates components of exercise training, education, nutritional support, psychologi- cal support and self-care, resulting in an improvement in dyspnea, fatigue and quality of life. Despite its proven effectiveness and the strong scientific recommendations for its rou- tine use in the care of COPD, PR is generally underutilized and strategies for increasing access to PR are needed. Home- based self-monitored pulmonary rehabilitation is an alternative to outpatient rehabilitation. In the present study, patients with mild, moderate and severe COPD submitted to either an outpatient or at-home PR program for 12 weeks were analyzed.
Methods: Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomized into three distinct groups: an outpatient group who performed all activities at the clinic, a home-based group who performed the activities at home and a control group. PR consisted of a combination of aerobic exercises and strength- ening of upper and lower limbs 3 times a week for 12 weeks.

Results: There was a significant difference in the distance cov- ered on the six-minute walk test (p < 0.05) and BODE index (p < 0.001) in the outpatient and at-home groups after partici- pating in the rehabilitation program compared to baseline.
Conclusion: A home-based self-monitoring pulmonary reha- bilitation program is as effective as outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation and is a valid alternative for the management of patients with COPD.
Research at the Point of Care: Using Electronic Medical Record Systems to Generate Clinically Meaningful Evidence
Authors: Marshall Ashley N. , Lam Kenneth C. 
Published: January 2020

ContextHealth care leaders have recommended the use of health information technology to improve the quality of patient care. In athletic training, using informatics, such as electronic medical records (EMRs), would support practice-based decisions about patient care. However, athletic trainers (ATs) may lack the knowledge to effectively participate in point-of-care clinical research using EMRs.ObjectivesTo discuss the role of EMRs in athletic training and identify methodologic approaches to conducting clinical research at the point of care.DescriptionThe 2020 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education curricular content standards included the use of an electronic patient record to document care, mitigate error, and support decision making through the collection and use of patient data (Standard 64). Patient data are collected by ATs at the point of care via routine documentation, and these data can be used to answer clinical questions about their practice. Observational or descriptive study designs are ideal for this type of data. Observational research (ie, case-control, cross-sectional, cohort studies) evaluates factors that influence patients' lives in the “real world,” whereas descriptive research (ie, case study or series, descriptive epidemiology studies) identifies characteristics of individuals and groups. If ATs are comprehensively documenting patient care using an EMR, they have the means to participate in observational and descriptive research.Clinical and Research AdvantagesUsing an EMR to its full capacity allows ATs to collect meaningful data at the point of care, conduct practice-based research, and improve health care for the patient and clinician. However, to ensure data quality, these approaches must include routine and comprehensive documentation habits.
Baseline Postural Control and Lower Extremity Injury Incidence Among Those With a History of Concussion
Authors: Murray Nicholas , Belson Emily , Szekely Brian , Islas Arthur , Cipriani Daniel , Lynall Robert C. , Buckley Thomas A. , Powell Douglas W. , Munkasy Barry 
Published: January 2020

ContextLower extremity musculoskeletal (LEMSK) injury may be more prevalent among those with a history of sport-related concussion (SRC).ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between baseline postural control metrics and the LEMSK injury incidence in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes with a history of SRC.SettingNational Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes.DesignCohort study.Patients or Other ParticipantsOf 84 total athletes (62 males), 42 had been previously diagnosed with an SRC, and 42 were matched controls based on age, sex, height, weight, and sport.Main Outcome Measure(s)During the preseason baseline evaluation, all participants performed 3 trials of eyes-open and eyes-closed upright quiet stance on a force platform. Medical charts were assessed for all the LEMSK injuries that occurred from preseason baseline to 1 year later. Center-of-pressure data in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were filtered before we calculated root mean square and mean excursion velocity; the complexity index was calculated from the unfiltered data. Factorial analysis-of-variance models were used to examine differences between groups and across conditions for root mean square; mean excursion velocity, complexity index, and tests of association to examine between-groups LEMSK differences; and logistic regression models to predict LEMSK.ResultsConcussion history and injury incidence were related in the SRC group (P = .043). The complexity index of the SRC group was lower with eyes closed (14.08 ± 0.63 versus 15.93 ± 0.52) and eyes open (10.25 ± 0.52 vs 11.80 ± 0.57) in the mediolateral direction than for the control participants (P &lt; .05). Eyes-open root mean square in the mediolateral direction was greater for the SRC group (5.00 ± 0.28 mm) than the control group (4.10 ± 0.22 mm). Logistic regression models significantly predicted LEMSK only in control participants.ConclusionsThese findings may suggest that LEMSK after SRC cannot be predicted from postural-control metrics at baseline.
Mitigation of PM2.5 and ozone pollution in Delhi: a sensitivity study during the pre-monsoon period
Authors: Chen Ying , Wild Oliver , Ryan Edmund , Sahu Saroj Kumar , Lowe Douglas , Archer-Nicholls Scott , Wang Yu , McFiggans Gordon , Ansari Tabish , Singh Vikas , Sokhi Ranjeet S. , Archibald Alex , Beig Gufran 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3) are major air pollutants in megacities such as Delhi, but the design of suitable mitigation strategies is challenging. Some strategies for reducing
PM2.5 may have the notable side effect of increasing O3. Here, we demonstrate a numerical framework for investigating the impacts of
mitigation strategies on both PM2.5 and O3 in Delhi. We use
Gaussian process emulation to generate a computationally efficient surrogate for a regional air quality model (WRF-Chem). This allows us to perform global sensitivity analysis to identify the major sources of air pollution and to generate emission-sector-based pollutant response surfaces to inform mitigation policy development. Based on more than 100 000 emulation runs during the pre-monsoon period (peak O3 season), our global sensitivity analysis shows that local traffic emissions from the Delhi city region and regional transport of pollution emitted from the National Capital Region (NCR) surrounding Delhi are dominant factors influencing PM2.5 and O3 in Delhi. They together govern the O3 peak and PM2.5 concentration during daytime. Regional transport contributes about 80% of the PM2.5 variation during the night. Reducing traffic emissions in Delhi alone (e.g. by 50 %) would reduce PM2.5 by 15 %–20 % but lead to a 20 %–25 % increase in O3. However, we show that reducing NCR regional emissions by 25 %–30 % at the same time would further reduce PM2.5 by 5 %–10 % in Delhi and avoid the O3 increase. This study provides scientific evidence to support the need for joint coordination of controls on local and regional scales to achieve effective reduction in PM2.5 whilst minimising the risk of O3 increase in Delhi.