bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting tin melting for phase change model verification
Authors: Irwan M A M , Nor Azwadi C S , Asako Y 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Model verification is necessary before numerical models can be applied to produce meaningful results. For solid-liquid phase change modelling involving convection, pure gallium and tin melting have been widely used as reference for verification. It was later found that contrasting observations have been reported on the flow structure of both metals in the liquid region during the phase change process. Some researchers have reported monocellular while others reported multicellular structures in past works. In this work, tin melting problem was revisited by extending the results to flow structure visualization with Line Integral Convolution (LIC) plots to confirm the flow structure for tin melting thus pure metals in general. Enthalpy-porosity formulation coupled with Finite-Volume Method (FVM) was used to solve the set of governing equations which represented the problem at Prandtl Number = 0.02, Stefan Number = 0.01 and Rayleigh Number = 2.5 x 105. The location of solid-liquid interface and LIC plots at different times were presented. At initial state, the solid-liquid interface was closely similar for all grid sizes but as time progresses, finer grids provided improved solutions as expected. Reasonable fine grid size must be selected for solid-liquid phase change models to ensure complete physics of the problems are captured and eventually yield acceptable numerical results. The LIC plots confirmed that the flow structure is multicellular. Future phase change models referring to pure metal melting problem for verification should obtain similar flow structure to be considered acceptable.
Simulation and experimental analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger for the drying system
Authors: Pankaew Songchai , Tantikul Samerkhwan , Wongsiriamnuay Thanasit , Khamdaeng Tipapon , Tippayawong Nakorn , Panyoyai Numpon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this research, heat transfer simulation is a part of the application of heat transfer from the biochar production process for the drying system. This research aimed to investigate the three-dimensional transient conditions of the simulation used to predict heat transfer of heat exchangers comparing with the experimental study. The working fluid used inside the tube was hot water with a mass flow rate of 10 LPM. The results obtained from the simulation and the experiment analysis were heat transfer from hot water to cold air through the heat exchangers. The temperatures of hot water inlet the heat exchanger were set as 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C, respectively. Air flowed through the heat exchangers was set as 1 m/s, 2 m/s, 3 m/s, 4 m/s, and 5 m/s, respectively. The coil pipe has the outsider diameter at 1.9 cm and four panels. It was set up on a box case with 100 cm of width and height and 45 cm of length. The results showed that when the water temperature increased from 50 °C to 80 °C and airflow speed through the heat exchangers of 3 m/s, the temperature difference of air through the heat exchangers increased from 3.2 °C, 4.7 °C, 5.20 °C and 6.2 °C respectively. On the other hand, when the airflow speed through the heat exchangers increased from 1 m/s to 2 m/s, 3 m/s, 4 m/s and 5 m/s respectively, the temperature difference of air through the heat exchangers decreased from 11.81 °C to 7.33 °C, 6.20 °C, 5.20 °C, and 5.05 °C respectively. The simulated heat transfer coefficient inside the region of heat exchangers was an agreement with the experimental data. The results indicated that the simulation could be attained in the system compared with the actual experimental analysis.
A framework based on big data for intelligent monitoring of battery packs
Authors: Li Wei , Gao Liang , Garg Akhil 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Existing literature focus on the prediction of states of batteries are scattered and are individually studied based on several battery aspects such as: 1) Chemical (ionic concentration measurement or diffusion coefficient evaluation), 2) Electrochemical (capacity), 3) Electrical (internal resistance), 4) Thermal (temperature), 5) Mechanical (stack/enclosure stress) and 6) In-situ/ex-situ (characterization methods to measure porosity and grain size). Unfortunately, these studies have been done by experts of different fields and are yet to be combined in a common platform to predict the states of batteries in a comprehensive way. In this paper, the aim of this research is to propose a framework so as to establish a big database (from sources of literature, by performing real-time experiments and uncertainty studies) for batteries at all operating conditions by incorporating all aforesaid aspects. Once the data base is established, a suitable artifical intelligence approach such as artificial neural network will be applied to train and build the model for state of health prediction and physical evaluation that subsequently have the prime advantage of accurately predicting the battery capacity at system level as well as cell level based on all existing design parameters (diffusion coefficient, grain size, temperature, internal resistance, etc.) from the big database. Data collection will be processed on brand new batteries by repeating cycles of charge and discharge modes under dynamic current profiles at different temperatures for accuracy. The proposed battery model can be then integrated to the battery management system in the electric vehicle without any additional integration complexity.
Timber transportation planning using bees algorithm
Authors: Jamhuri J , Norizah K , Hasmadi M I , Siti A A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Timber transportation planning is among the costliest activities in forest operation. Traditionally, the goal of timber transportation planning adopted to determine feasible way to extract high timber volume from the stump site to the final destination. However, modern transportation problems are not driven by the productivity of timber itself, but also by the efficiency of forest operation. This efficiency considerations and requirements introduce a new technique in timber extraction called log fisher as a complement to common technique, cable skidder. Nevertheless, side constraints within timber transportation planning may arise when two timber extraction techniques applied, complicates to and from several problems more extensive and more complex. While cable skidders affixed only on gentle slopes, log fishers possibly applicable regardless of slope conditions. Proper evaluation required to justify decisions since the use of these two techniques in the right places will result in efficient timber transportation planning. In the present study, a new problem-solving approach using Bees Algorithm (BA) was developed. BA can provide transportation planner with a large and complex transportation planning problem solving while complying with the forest road guidelines as required by the Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia. Herein, timber extraction technique is considered the least-cost in the main objective function for an efficient timber transportation planning and limitation of machinery to extract timber as constraints. Preliminary results show that this problem solving is promising for timber transportation planning problems with side constraints. A description of the algorithm development and its search process presented within this study.
Comparison of Blood Pressure Variability Between Losartan and Amlodipine in Essential Hypertension (COMPAS-BPV)
Authors: Lee Jun-Won , Choi Eunhee , Son Jung-Woo , Youn Young Jin , Ahn Sung-Gyun , Ahn Min-Soo , Kim Jang-Young , Lee Seung-Hwan , Yoon Junghan , Ryu Dong Ryeol , Park Sang-Min , Hong Kyung-Soon , Yoo Byung-Su 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Antihypertensive therapy using renin–angiotensin system blockers and calcium channel blockers to target blood pressure variability (BPV) has not yet been established. We aimed to compare the ability of losartan and amlodipine to lower BPV and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in essential hypertensive patients.

METHODS
Patients were randomly assigned either losartan 50 mg or amlodipine 5 mg. Medications were uptitrated and hydrochlorothiazide was added according to protocol for 6 months. The primary endpoint was the office visit-to-visit SD of SBP. The secondary endpoints included average real variability (ARV), office SBP, and home SBP.

RESULTS
The losartan group (n = 71) and amlodipine group (n = 73) finished the scheduled visits between April 2013 and May 2017. The office visit-to-visit SD of SBP was comparable between the losartan and amlodipine groups (11.0 ± 4.2 vs. 10.5 ± 3.8, P = 0.468). The office visit-to-visit ARV of SBP was significantly elevated in the losartan group (10.6 ± 4.3 vs. 9.1 ± 3.4, P = 0.02). The absolute SBP decrement from baseline to 6 months was similar between groups, although the office mean SBP at 6 months was higher in the losartan group (132.3 ± 12.9 vs. 127.5 ± 9.0 mm Hg, P = 0.011). In home blood pressure analysis, evening day-to-day BPV indexes (SD and ARV) were significantly higher in the losartan group at 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS
The lowering effect of the office visit-to-visit SD of SBP was similar between losartan and amlodipine. However, the losartan group showed a higher office visit-to-visit ARV of SBP and evening day-to-day home BPV indexes. Therefore, amlodipine may be better to lower BPV in essential hypertensive patients.
Symbolic Communication in Early Modern Diplomacy: Naval Incidents and the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1667–1672)
Authors: Onnekink David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article underscores the significance of symbolic communication in early modern international relations. Taking naval incidents during the period leading up to the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1667–72) as a case-study, it shows how the use of imagery constituted an undervalued symbolic language in which vital interests were communicated by diplomats. Moreover, it argues that the way in which these incidents were discussed in diplomatic circles was relevant to and congruous with public debates. It also highlights the often-ignored international dimension of popular disputes. An overall objective is to further the debate on a New Diplomatic History for the early modern period.
Production of added-value microbial metabolites during growth of yeast strains on media composed of biodiesel-derived crude glycerol and glycerol/xylose blends
Authors: Diamantopoulou Panagiota , Filippousi Rosanina , Antoniou Dimitrios , Varfi Evaggelia , Xenopoulos Evangelos , Sarris Dimitris , Papanikolaou Seraphim 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
A total of 11 yeast strains of Yarrowia lipolytica, Metschnikowia sp., Rhodotorula sp. and Rhodosporidium toruloides were grown under nitrogen-limited conditions with crude glycerol employed as substrate in shake flasks, presenting interesting dry cell weight (DCW) production. Three of these strains belonging to Metschnikowia sp. accumulated significant quantities of endopolysaccharides (i.e. the strain V.V.-D4 produced 11.0 g/L of endopolysaccharides, with polysaccharides in DCW ≈ 63% w/w). A total of six Y. lipolytica strains produced either citric acid or mannitol. Most of the screened yeasts presented somehow elevated lipid and polysaccharides in DCW values at the early steps of growth despite nitrogen appearance in the fermentation medium. Lipid in DCW values decreased as growth proceeded. R. toruloides DSM 4444 cultivated on media presenting higher glycerol concentrations presented interesting lipid-accumulating capacities (maximum lipid = 12.5 g/L, maximum lipid in DCW = 43.0–46.0% w/w, conversion yield on glycerol = 0.16 g/g). Replacement of crude glycerol by xylose resulted in somehow decreased lipid accumulation. In xylose/glycerol mixtures, xylose was more rapidly assimilated from glycerol. R. toruloides total lipids were mainly composed of triacylglycerols. Total cellular fatty acid composition on xylose presented some differences compared with that on glycerol. Cellular lipids contained mainly oleic and palmitic acid.
Effects of dietary microencapsulated tannic acid supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbiota in weaning piglets
Authors: Wang Meiwei , Huang Huijun , Hu Yangping , Huang Jing , Yang Huansheng , Wang Lei , Chen Shuai , Chen Chiqing , He Shanping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly overused to reduce weaning stress that leads to economic loss in swine production. As potential substitutes of antibiotics, plant extracts have attracted the attention of researchers. However, one of the plant extracts, tannic acid (TA), has an adverse effect on the growth performance, palatability, and intestinal absorption in weaning piglets when used at a large amount. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a proper dose of microencapsulated TA on the growth performance, organ and intestinal development, intestinal morphology, intestinal nutrient transporters, and colonic microbiota in weaning piglets. Forty-five Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire] (initial body weight = 5.99 ± 0.13 kg, weaned days = 21 d) piglets were randomly divided into five treatment groups (n = 9) and raised in 14 d. The piglets in the control group were raised on a basal diet; the piglets in the antibiotic test group were raised on a basal diet with three antibiotics (375 mg/kg Chlortetracycline 20%, 500 mg/kg Enramycin 4%, 1,500 mg/kg Oxytetracycline calcium 20%); and the other three groups were raised on a basal diet with three doses of microencapsulated TA (TA1, 500 mg/kg; TA2, 1,000 mg/kg; TA3, 1,500 mg/kg). All the piglets were raised in the same environment and given the same amount of nutrients for 2 wk. The results showed that both TA1 and TA2 groups had no adverse effect on the growth performance, organ weight and intestinal growth, and the pH value of gastrointestinal content. TA2 treatment improved the duodenal morphology (P &lt; 0.05), increased the gene expression level of solute carrier family 6, member 19 and solute carrier family 15, member 1 (P &lt; 0.05) in the ileum, and modulated the colonic bacteria composition (P &lt; 0.05), but inhibited the activity of maltase in the ileum (P &lt; 0.05) and the jejunal gene expression level of solute carrier family 5, member 1 (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, our study suggests that a dosage between 500 and 1,000 mg/kg of microencapsulated TA is safe to be included in the swine diet and that 1,000 mg/kg of microencapsulated TA has beneficial effects on intestinal morphology, intestinal nutrient transporter, and intestinal microbiota in weaning piglets. These findings provide new insights into suitable alternatives to antibiotics for improving growth performance and colonic microbiota.
An incarcerated Spigelian hernia with the appendix in the sac passing though all layers of the abdominal wall: an unusual cause for chronic right iliac fossa pain
Authors: Page Daniel , Hendahewa Rasika 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTAbdominal wall hernias are a common pathology and source of morbidity including chronic pain. They occur in various anatomical areas; amongst the rarest locations is the Spigelian hernia accounting for &lt;2% of all abdominal hernias. We present a case report of a patient with chronic right iliac fossa pain caused by an incarcerated Spigelian hernia containing her appendix within the hernial defect. Rarer still is that her hernial defect penetrated all three layers of anterior abdominal wall, typically a Spigelian hernia would only pass through transversus abdominis and internal oblique layers.
Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in metastatic medulloblastoma: a comparative study in 92 children
Authors: Guerrini-Rousseau Léa , Abbas Rachid , Huybrechts Sophie , Kieffer-Renaux Virginie , Puget Stéphanie , Andreiuolo Felipe , Beccaria Kévin , Blauwblomme Thomas , Bolle Stéphanie , Dhermain Frédéric , Longaud Valès Audrey , Roujeau Thomas , Sainte-Rose Christian , Tauziede-Espariat Arnault , Varlet Pascale , Zerah Michel , Valteau-Couanet Dominique , Dufour Christelle , Grill Jacques 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Previous pilot studies have shown the feasibility of preoperative chemotherapy in patients with medulloblastoma, but benefits and risks compared with initial surgery have not been assessed.

Methods
Two therapeutic strategies were retrospectively compared in 92 patients with metastatic medulloblastoma treated at Gustave Roussy between 2002 and 2015: surgery at diagnosis (n = 54, group A) and surgery delayed after carboplatin and etoposide-based neoadjuvant therapy (n = 38, group B). Treatment strategies were similar in both groups.

Results
The rate of complete tumor excision was significantly higher in group B than in group A (93.3% vs 57.4%, P = 0.0013). Postoperative complications, chemotherapy-associated side effects, and local progressions were not increased in group B. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy led to a decrease in the primary tumor size in all patients; meanwhile 4/38 patients experienced a distant progression. The histological review of 19 matched tumor pairs (before and after chemotherapy) showed that proliferation was reduced and histological diagnosis feasible and accurate even after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year progression-free and overall survival rates were comparable between groups. Comparison of the longitudinal neuropsychological data showed that intellectual outcome tended to be better in group B (the mean predicted intellectual quotient value was 6 points higher throughout the follow-up).

Conclusion
Preoperative chemotherapy is a safe and efficient strategy for metastatic medulloblastoma. It increases the rate of complete tumor excision and may improve the neuropsychological outcome without jeopardizing survival.

Key Points
1. Preoperative chemotherapy increases the rate of complete tumor removal.
2. No additional risk (toxic or disease progression) is linked to the delayed surgery.
3. Preoperative chemotherapy could have a positive impact on the neuropsychological outcome of patients.
Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of growing and finishing pigs fed multienzyme-supplemented low-energy and -amino acid diets
Authors: Jerez-Bogota Kevin , Sánchez Cristian , Ibagon Jimena , Jlali Maamer , Cozannet Pierre , Preynat Aurélie , Woyengo Tofuko A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing corn–soybean meal-based diets with a multienzyme on growth performance, bone mineralization, apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients of growing pigs. A total of 276 pigs (body weight [BW] = 33.99 ± 4.3 kg) were housed by sex in 45 pens of 6 or 7 pigs and fed 5 diets (9 pens/diet) in a randomized complete block design. Diets were positive control (PC); and negative control 1 (NC1) or negative control 2 (NC2) without or with multienzyme. The multienzyme used supplied at least 1,800, 1,244, 6,600, and 1,000 units of xylanase, β-glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, and phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. The PC diet was adequate in all nutrients according to NRC recommendations and had greater digestible P content than NC1 or NC2 diet by 0.134 percentage points. The PC diet had greater net energy (NE) and standardized ileal digestible amino acids (AA) content than NC1 diet by 3%, and than NC2 diet by 5%. The diets were fed in 4 phases based on BW: Phase 1: 34–50 kg; Phase 2: 50–75 kg; Phase 3: 75–100 kg; and Phase 4: 100–120 kg. Nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization were determined at the end of Phase 1. Overall (34–120 kg BW), pigs fed the PC and NC1 diets did not differ in average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake. Pigs fed NC2 diet had lower (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) than those fed PC diet. Pigs fed PC diet had greater (P &lt; 0.05) bone ash content and ATTD of P than those fed NC1 diet. The ATTD of GE for PC diet was greater (P &lt; 0.05) than that for NC2 diet, and tended to be greater (P &lt; 0.10) than that for NC1 diet. Multienzyme interacted (P &lt; 0.05) with negative control diet type on overall ADG and AID of GE such that multienzyme did not affect overall ADG and AID of GE for the NC1 diet, but increased (P &lt; 0.05) overall ADG and AID of GE for NC2 diet by 5.09 and 8.74%, respectively. Multienzyme did not interact with negative control diet type on overall G:F, bone ash content, AID of AA, and ATTD of nutrients. Multienzyme increased (P &lt; 0.05) overall G:F, AID of methionine, ATTD of GE and P, and tended to increase (P = 0.056) bone ash content. The ADG, bone ash content, and ATTD of GE and P for the multienzyme-supplemented diets were similar to (P &gt; 0.10) PC diet. Thus, NE and digestible AA and P can be lowered by ≤5% in multienzyme-supplemented diets without effects on growth performance and bone ash of pigs.
Egg yolk immunoglobulin Y as a promising tool to detect immune complexes in neurocysticercosis serum samples
Authors: Silva Gabriela B da , Faria Lucas S da , Lopes Camila A , Nunes Daniela S , Ribeiro Vanessa S , de Sousa José Eduardo N , Paiva Guilherme C M , Gonçalves-Pires Maria R F , Borges Isabela P , Santos Malú M , Ávila Veridiana M R , Júnior Álvaro Ferreira , Costa-Cruz Julia M 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is a neglected tropical disease and its diagnosis is still a challenge due to non-specific manifestations. Neuroimaging techniques are used in the diagnosis of NCC, however, due to the high cost of these methods and the advantages presented in the use of immunological tests, such as ease of performance and satisfactory results, immunoassays are commonly used to detect antibodies against Taenia sp. antigens. The aim of the present study was to produce, characterize and apply specific polyclonal immunoglobulin Y (IgY) anti-Taenia crassiceps extracted from egg yolk of hens immunized with T. crassiceps metacestodes.MethodsIndirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), avidity ELISA, immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence tests were performed for characterization of IgY antibodies. Diagnostic performance was verified by ELISA for immune complex detection testing 90 serum samples.ResultsValues of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+/LR−) and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated and presented the following results: sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 96.7%, AUC 0.966, LR+ 25.0 and LR− 0.17.ConclusionsResults of this pioneering and innovative study demonstrate that anti-T. crassiceps IgY antibodies present potential applicability and can be used as an efficient tool in human NCC serodiagnosis.