bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth sensitivity to climate varies with soil moisture regime in spruce–fir forests in central British Columbia
Authors: Griesbauer Hardy , DeLong S. Craig , Rogers Bruce , Foord Vanessa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Key message
Growth sensitivity to climate varies with soil moisture regime in spruce–fir forests in central British Columbia. Stands growing at their dry edaphic limits displayed especially strong and unique climatic sensitivities.

Abstract
Soil moisture regime is an important influence of productivity, process, and structure in forested ecosystems. In western North America, projected warming trends may result in decreasing available soil moisture; however, the potential effects on forest growth remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the influence of stand-level soil moisture regime on the climatic sensitivity of mature hybrid white spruce (Picea glauca (Moensch) Voss x Picea engelmannii Parry) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) forests in central British Columbia, Canada. We collected and analyzed tree-ring data from 51 stands spanning a range of soil moisture regimes. Dendroecological analyses of climate–growth relationships indicated that warm summer temperatures and drought limit growth for both species across all soil moisture regimes; however, responses were strongest on the driest sites. Spruce populations across the gradient of soil moisture regimes displayed unique climate-growth relationships; growth in populations on wetter sites was more correlated with summer climate from the year prior to growth. Radial growth responses to prior summer temperatures strengthened over the past ca. 80 years in both species and across most sites, suggesting that climate–growth relationships are shifting in this region. This study presents evidence of the importance of considering site-level ecological factors such as soil moisture regime when studying forest growth responses to climate.
Handheld pH meter–assisted immunoassay for C-reactive protein using glucose oxidase–conjugated dendrimer loaded with platinum nanozymes
Authors: Li Bin , Ge Lilin , Lyu Peng , Chen Meijuan , Zhang Xiongfei , Xie Shuping , Wu Qinan , Kwok Hang Fai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract A simple and feasible pH meter–based immunoassay is reported for detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) using glucose oxidase (GOD)–conjugated dendrimer loaded with platinum nanozyme. Initially, platinum nanozymes were loaded into the dendrimers through an in situ synthetic method. Then, GOD and monoclonal anti-CRP antibody with a high molar ratio were covalently conjugated onto carboxylated dendrimers via typical carbodiimide coupling. The immunoreaction was carried out with a competitive mode in a CRP-coated microplate. Along with formation of immunocomplex, the added glucose was oxidized into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide by GOD, and the latter was further decomposed by platinum nanozyme, thus accelerating chemical reaction in the positive direction. The produced gluconic acid changed the pH of detection solution, which was determined using a handheld pH meter. Under optimum conditions, the pH meter–based immunoassay gave a good signal toward target CRP from 0.01 to 100 ng mL−1. The limit of detection was 5.9 pg mL−1. An intermediate precision ≤ 11.2% was acquired with batch-to-batch identification. No nonspecific adsorption was observed during a series of procedures to detect target CRP, and the cross-reaction against other biomarkers was very low. Importantly, our system gave well-matched results for analysis of human serum samples relative to a referenced ELISA kit.Graphical abstract
Characteristic of Parkinson’s disease with severe COVID-19: a study of 10 cases from Wuhan
Authors: Zhai Heng , Lv Yinzhang , Xu Yu , Wu Yi , Zeng Weiqi , Wang Tao , Cao Xuebing , Xu Yan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInformation about Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with severe COVID-19 is scarce. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors affecting the prognosis of PD patients with severe COVID-19 infection. Clinical data of severe COVID-19 patients admitted at the Union Hospital, Wuhan between 28th January and 29th February 2020 were collected and analyzed. 10 patients (1.96%) had a medical history of PD with a mean (SD) age of 72.10 (± 11.46) years. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe COVID-19 with and without PD patients were then compared. There was no significant difference in overall mortality between the PD and non-PD patients with severe COVID-19 (p > 0.05). In PD patients with severe COVID-19, the proportion of patients with critical type, disturbance of consciousness, incidence of complications, white blood cells count and neutrophils counts on admission seem higher in the non-survivors. PD patients with older age, longer PD duration, and late stage PD may be highly susceptible to critical COVID-19 infection and bad outcome. The PD patients with consciousness disorders and complications that progressed rapidly are at increased risk of death.
The use of Schirmer strips to measure salivary and lacrimal flow in non-Sjögren patients
Authors: Wróbel-Dudzińska Dominika , Kubik-Komar Agnieszka , Rykwa Dorota , Kosior-Jarecka Ewa , Żarnowski Tomasz , Chałas Renata 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Oral and ocular dryness are the most common symptoms reported during ophthalmological and dental examinations. It is becoming a serious and growing problem due to the huge variety of affecting factors and with population aging.

Objectives
The purpose was to demonstrate an application of the Schirmer test for xerostomia. Subsequently, to compare and correlate the results achieved from the lacrimal Schirmer test and salivary Schirmer test in non-Sjögren patients.

Methods
Study group consisted of 642 patients with/without subjective or/and objective symptoms of dry eye or mouth who did not fulfill the criteria for diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome. The lacrimal Schirmer test (lST) and the salivary Schirmer tests (sST) were performed (sSTm was put on the floor of the mouth, sSTp in front of the parotid gland duct). The results were recorded after 1 min (sSTm), 3 min (sSTp), and 5 min (lST).

Results
The lST and sST test scores were considerably higher in the healthy group than in others, p < 0.001. The results of sST1 and sST2 decreased with the appearance of subjective and objective symptoms, p < 0.001. There were positive correlations between lST and sSTm outcomes between the groups, p < 0.001.

Conclusions
We present the Schirmer test adapted to measure salivary gland hypofunction that is a time-saving tool in our daily practice. Results of this study reveal an excellent correlation between the eye Schirmer test and the salivary Schirmer tests.

Clinical relevance
The salivary Schirmer tests seem to be rapid, convenient, and reliable objective screening tools for salivary gland hypofunction in non-Sjögren patients.
Development of neural networks chip generating driving waveform for electrostatic motor
Authors: Sasaki Takuro , Kurosawa Mika , Usami Yu , Kato Shinya , Sakaki Arisa , Takei Yuki , Kaneko Minami , Uchikoba Fumio , Saito Ken 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe authors are studying hardware neural networks (HNN) to control the locomotion of the microrobot. The neural networks chip is the integrated circuit chip of the HNN. We proposed the electrostatic motor that is the new actuator of the microrobot in our previous research. The electrostatic motor used the waveform generator to generate the driving waveform. In this paper, the authors will propose the driving circuit using neural networks chip. The cell body model is the basic component of the neural networks chip that outputs 3 MHz frequency of electrical oscillated pulse waveform. Therefore, large capacitors need to connect outside of the neural networks chip to generate the low-frequency driving waveform. The proposal neural networks chip generates a long delay without using large capacitors. In addition, the neural networks chip generated a two-phase anti-phase synchronized waveform by incorporating a mechanism for adjusting synaptic weight. As a result, the proposal neural networks chip can generate the electrostatic motor’s driving waveform with variable frequency. The frequency of the driving waveform could vary from 40 to 126 Hz.
B-mode ultrasound diagnostic flowchart for solid breast masses: JABTS BC-01 study
Authors: Watanabe Takanori , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Tohno Eriko , Tsunoda Hiroko , Kaoku Setsuko , Ban Kanako , Watanabe Ryoji , Umemoto Takeshi , Hirokaga Koichi , Ito Toshikazu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Breast ultrasound has been widely used as an essential examination for diagnosing breast cancer. However, standardized diagnostic criteria are as yet lacking. This study aimed to develop a simple diagnostic flowchart for beginners learning breast ultrasonography. The diagnostic flowchart was developed based on the recall criteria widely used in Japan.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter study to examine recall criteria usefulness in the diagnostic phase of breast disease. Women with ultrasound-visible breast masses who underwent B-mode breast ultrasound examination were recruited from 22 hospitals in Japan between September 2009 and January 2010. B-mode images were evaluated by members of the centralized image interpretation committee. We developed the new diagnostic flowchart based on the results. The usefulness of the diagnostic flowchart was assessed by employing datasets from the current study and another study which we conducted (BC-04 study).

Results
We evaluated 1045 solid masses (malignant: 495, benign: 550). Multivariate analysis showed that shape, margin, echogenic halo, interruption of the mammary gland interface, and depth width ratio were significant findings for distinguishing between benign and malignant masses. We modified the recall criteria and developed our novel diagnostic flowchart using these findings. The sensitivity and specificity of the new flowchart (current study: 0.97, 0.45; BC-04 study dataset: 0.95, 0.45) were similar to those of experts (current study: 0.96, 0.54; BC-04 study dataset: 0.98, 0.38).

Conclusion
We developed a simple diagnostic flowchart for breast ultrasound. This flowchart is anticipated to be applicable to educating beginners learning breast ultrasound.
CTCs-oriented adjuvant personalized cytostatic therapy non-metastatic breast cancer patients: continuous non-randomized prospective study and prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Shliakhtunou Ya A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim
To conduct a prospective randomized controlled study of the optimization of adjuvant therapy in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer, taking into account the presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with an assessment of tumor-specific OS and DFS.

Materials
Stage 1 Continuous non-randomized prospective study (n = 102) to study the clinical and prognostic value of CTCs and evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant systemic therapy in relation to CTC eradication; Stage 2 Prospective randomized controlled study (n = 128) of optimization of adjuvant therapy taking into account CTCs with an assessment of the effectiveness of the standard therapy and an optimized therapy regimen.

Results
Monitoring of CTCs during adjuvant drug treatment has established that a significant decrease in the frequency of CTC identification can be achieved only by sequential administration of anthracyclines and taxanes (paclitaxel) AC-T, which allows reducing CTCs compared to other regimens from 52.6 to 15.8% (p = 0.006).
CTC-oriented personalized adjuvant therapy in the experimental group, based on the timely transition from an ineffective adjuvant chemotherapy regimen to taxanes, as well as additional monochemotherapy with gemcitabine can achieve 100% eradication CTCs. In the adjuvant therapy experimental group taking into account CTCs (n = 68), the OS 5-year tumor-specific rate was 90.3 ± 3.8%, (control group 78.7 ± 3.9%, p = 0.036). DFS tumor-specific in the experimental group was 88.0 ± 4.4%, (control group 80.6 ± 3.3%, p = 0.023).

Conclusions
The use of the method of treatment of CTC-oriented personalized adjuvant therapy for non-metastatic breast cancer makes it possible to reliably increase DFS 5-year by 7.4% and OS 5-year by 11.6%.
Transdisciplinary Translational Science for Youth Health and Wellness: Introduction to a Special Issue
Authors: Scudder Ashley T. , Welk Gregory J. , Spoth Richard , Beecher Constance C. , Dorneich Michael C. , Meyer Jacob D. , Phillips L. Alison , Weems Carl F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTransdisciplinary translational science applies interdisciplinary approaches to the generation of novel concepts, theories and methods involving collaborations among academic and non-academic partners, in order to advance the translation of science into broader community practice.ObjectiveThis paper introduces a special issue on transdisciplinary translational science for youth health and wellness. We provide an overview of relevant research paradigms, share the related goals of the Iowa State University Translational Research Network (U-TuRN), and introduce the specific papers in the issue.MethodAuthors were asked to submit empirical reports, programmatic reviews or policy-related papers that examined youth health issues from a transdisciplinary translational perspective.ResultsThe papers included in this special issue each involve direct and fully-integrated community-university partnerships and collaborations between academic and non-academic partners in scholarship and research. Reports emphasize the value of the applied nature of the work with a research agenda driven primarily by real-world health and social needs.ConclusionsThere is growing acceptance of the need for transdisciplinary, community-university collaborative research approaches as a means to meet both the requirements posed by real-world problems as well as goals of advancing scientific knowledge and innovation. In this issue, readers will find papers that show the promise of rethinking existing conceptual frameworks to incorporate transdisciplinary approaches as a catalyst to addressing translational science questions related to the field of children and youth care.
Spray deposition of sulfonated cellulose nanofibers as electrolyte membranes in fuel cells
Authors: Bayer Thomas , Cunning Benjamin Vaughan , Šmíd Břetislav , Selyanchyn Roman , Fujikawa Shigenori , Sasaki Kazunari , Lyth Stephen Matthew 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nanocellulose is a promising new membrane material for fuel cells, with much lower cost and environmental impact compared with Nafion or Aquivion. It is mechanically strong, is an excellent hydrogen barrier and has reasonable proton conductivity.
Here, sulfonation of cellulose nanofibers is performed to enhance the conductivity (up to 2 × 10− 3 S cm− 1) without compromising the membrane integrity, and fuel cells are fabricated with 30 µm-thick “paper” membranes. The hydrogen crossover current is two orders of magnitude lower than for Nafion fuel cells with equivalent thickness, but the power density is rather low.
Spray-coating is used to deposit 8 µm-thick membranes directly onto the electrocatalyst layer, in a process analogous to 3D printing or additive manufacturing. The resulting paper fuel cell has high current density (> 0.8 A cm− 2) and power density (156 mW cm− 2) under standard measurement conditions (H2/air; 80°C; 95% RH; 0.1 MPa), attributed to decreased membrane resistance. The cost of the spray-painted cellulose membranes is calculated to be ~ 50 $ m− 2, which is much lower than that of Nafion, even without taking into consideration economies of scale. This new concept in electrochemical energy conversion paves the way for the mass production of affordable, recyclable fuel cells.

Graphic abstract
LDC-IL: The Indian repository of resources for language technology
Authors: Choudhary Narayan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces the Government of India Initiative on linguistic data creation in Indian languages. The Linguistic Data Consortium for Indian Languages (LDC-IL) is a fully funded Government of India scheme established in 2007 to cater to the needs of linguistic resources required for the development of language technology in Indian languages. LDC-IL worked silently for more than a decade with a team of around regular fifty people and involving thousands of resource persons, covering twenty major languages of India. Part of the output of LDC-IL was launched in April 2019 by the Hon’ble Vice President of India. This paper, the first introductory paper in an academic journal, aims to give a brief of the works done by LDC-IL and how these works are crucial in the development of language technology for Indian languages. Within a short span of eight months of its release, the language resources released by LDC-IL have been procured and utilized by scores of industry and academic bodies and individual researchers, including major industry leaders like Microsoft, Google, Samsung etc.
Picturebook Adaptations of Aesop Fables: An Analysis of Morrison and Pinkney’s Adaptations of Three Classic Tales
Authors: Yenika-Agbaw Vivian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article examines the reconstruction of human foibles in picturebook adaptations of three popular Aesop’s fables: “The Ants and the Grasshopper”, “The Lion and the Mouse”, and “The Hare and the Tortoise”. Adopting adaptation and globalectics perspectives, the author illustrates how social hierarchy is deconstructed in these fables where the authors use anthropomorphic animals to moralize about the human condition. Thus, although the adaptations reiterate lessons from the original source material, they deliberately undermine and/or expand the lessons by integrating sociocultural signifiers that situate Black aesthetics at the core of the narratives. The article examines six picturebook adaptations by award-winning artists, Toni and Slade Morrison, and Jerry Pinkney.
Using machine learning for model benchmarking and forecasting of depletion-induced seismicity in the Groningen gas field
Authors: Limbeck Jan , Bisdom Kevin , Lanz Fabian , Park Timothy , Barbaro Eduardo , Bourne Stephen , Kiraly Franz , Bierman Stijn , Harris Chris , Nevenzeel Keimpe , den Bezemer Taco , van Elk Jan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Groningen gas field in the Netherlands is experiencing induced seismicity as a result of ongoing depletion. The physical mechanisms that control seismicity have been studied through rock mechanical experiments and combined physical-statistical models to support development of a framework to forecast induced-seismicity risks. To investigate whether machine learning techniques such as Random Forests and Support Vector Machines bring new insights into forecasts of induced seismicity rates in space and time, a pipeline is designed that extends time-series analysis methods to a spatiotemporal framework with a factorial setup, which allows probing a large parameter space of plausible modelling assumptions, followed by a statistical meta-analysis to account for the intrinsic uncertainties in subsurface data and to ensure statistical significance and robustness of results. The pipeline includes model validation using e.g. likelihood ratio tests against average depletion thickness and strain thickness baselines to establish whether the models have statistically significant forecasting power. The methodology is applied to forecast seismicity for two distinctly different gas production scenarios. Results show that seismicity forecasts generated using Support Vector Machines significantly outperform beforementioned baselines. Forecasts from the method hint at decreasing seismicity rates within the next 5 years, in a conservative production scenario, and no such decrease in a higher depletion scenario, although due to the small effective sample size no statistically solid statement of this kind can be made. The presented approach can be used to make forecasts beyond the investigated 5-years period, although this requires addition of limited physics-based constraints to avoid unphysical forecasts.
Correlations among metamorphopsia test scores, optical coherence tomography findings and multifocal electroretinogram responses in epiretinal membrane patients
Authors: Lee Jung Woo , Park Sung Yong , Kim Patrick S. , Cho In Hwan , Kim Hoon Dong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To quantify metamorphopsia with a novel objective method in patients with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and to compare the relationships among metamorphopsia scores, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) results.

Methods
This study included 52 eyes of 52 patients with idiopathic ERM who underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations, including measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT, and mfERG. The degree of metamorphopsia was quantified using MonPack One® (Metrovision, Perenchies, France). On the topographic map of the early treatment diabetic retinopathy (ETDRS) grid, retinal thickness in the central, superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal subfields were measured, and metamorphopsia scores for each corresponding subfield were also obtained. The amplitudes and implicit times of mERG were elicited from each subfield. Then, the correlations among metamorphopsia scores, OCT findings, and mfERG responses were analyzed.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 65.3 ± 18.5 y, and the average metamorphopsia score of the individual subfields was 2.03 ± 1.18. Initial BCVA was 0.50 ± 0.12 logMAR, but there was no significant correlation between metamorphopsia scores and BCVA. The metamorphopsia scores from the central subfields showed significant correlations with central retinal thickness (CRT) (p = 0.001). The mean metamorphopsia scores in the central subfield showed a significant relationship with the mean N1 and P1 amplitudes (p = 0.001, p = 0.048, respectively), while no relationship was observed between metamorphopsia scores and mfERG amplitudes in other subfields.

Conclusions
The degree of metamorphopsia in patients with ERM could be objectively quantified in each subfield using a novel metamorphopsia test. The metamorphopsia scores were significantly correlated with retinal thickness, especially at the central subfields, and the scores in the central subfields were significantly correlated with the N1 and P1 amplitudes of mfERG. Thus, the metamorphopsia test can be a useful method to evaluate metamorphopsia symptoms for patients with ERM.