bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of MRI in diagnosis and characterization of intra-articular synovial masses and mass-like lesions
Authors: Mohey Nesreen , Hassan Tamir A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Classifications of intra-articular masses are infectious granulomatous diseases, non-infectious synovial proliferative processes (synovial chondromatosis, lipoma arborescens, rheumatoid arthritis, pigmented villonodular synovitis [PVNS]), vascular malformations, deposition disorders, neoplastic, and miscellaneous conditions. The aim of this study is to correlate the results of MRI with arthroscopy in characterization of different varieties of intra-articular synovial masses and mass-like lesions. This observational prospective study was conducted between February 2018 and August 2019. We screened 1000 routine musculoskeletal MRI examination during this period, 32 of which showed intra-articular synovial masses/mass-like lesions. The selected 32 patients (20 males and 12 females) have a mean age of 49.20 ± 2.0 years; all presented with joint swelling, pain, or difficulty of movement according to the joint affected. All patients underwent arthroscopy for histopathological correlation.

Results
The final diagnosis was synovial chondromatosis in 14 patients (43.8%), PVNS in ten patients (31.3%), and lipoma arborescens in five patients (15.6%). Synovial chondrosarcoma, synovial hematoma, and synovial ganglion cyst each in one patient (3.1%). The concordance of MRI to arthroscopy was 96.6% accuracy, 91.7% sensitivity, 99% specificity, 52.3% PPV, and 99.9% NPV.

Conclusion
Good correlation was observed between MRI and arthroscopy in diagnosis of intra-articular synovial masses/mass-like lesions.
Modelling financial openness growth-nexus in Nigeria: evidence from bounds testing to cointegration approach
Authors: Fasanya Ismail O. , Olayemi Ismail A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFinancial liberalization is theoretically known to be an important driver of economic growth; the emergence of new industries, the availability of money in the circulation and how it affects prices, extent of international trade in the countries among others are necessities that any economy cannot survive without. This paper examines the impact of financial liberalization on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1981–2013 using the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach. The findings of this study reveal strong relationship between the indicators of financial liberalization and economic growth in Nigeria. We find that very high levels of financial openness generally erode the growth-promoting role of financial development. From the policy perspective, there is an ardent need to stabilize the performance of financial system in Nigeria.
Adherence to Oral Anticancer Medications After Implementation of an Ambulatory Adherence Program at a Large Urban Academic Hospital
Authors: Curry Marjorie A. , Chineke Iloabueke , Redelico Tyler , Terrell Constance , Bell Winifred , Flood Darica , Mishra Pooja , LaFollette Jennifer , Power Steve , Bernal-Mizrachi Leon 
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE:Oral anticancer medications (OAMs) offer convenient administration, reducing the burden of cancer treatment, but create challenges for patients and practitioners. Using data from the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative analysis, a baseline adherence rate of 30% was identified at a large public, academic hospital. To improve OAM adherence, a quality improvement initiative was conducted.METHODS:The aim was to increase OAM patient adherence by 30 percentage points. Through cause-and-effect analysis, adherence barriers were identified, leading to the development of 2 strategies: low-cost adherence tools and a pharmacist-led adherence program. Prescription refill data were collected before and after the intervention, using prescription-fill data and specialty pharmacy records. Adherence was defined as the patient having the drug available at least 80% to less than 120% of the days evaluated for 4 treatment cycles. Other indicators collected included the number of interventions, OAM-related toxicity, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations.RESULTS:OAM adherence increased from 37% to 85% (n = 20 of 54 v 44 of 52 patients; P < .0001) in 1 year. During the study, 655 interventions were documented by the pharmacist (adherence related, n = 331; treatment related, n = 324). The number of oncology-related emergency room referrals leading to hospitalization increased from 52% (n = 13 of 25) to 62% (n = 23 of 37) during the study period.CONCLUSION:A pharmacist-led adherence program, combined with low-cost adherence tools, exceeded the goal for the adherence initiative, suggesting that a multidisciplinary collaborative approach to OAM adherence can have a significant impact on outcomes.
Single-cell RNAseq analysis of testicular germ and somatic cell development during the perinatal period
Authors: Tan Kun , Song Hye-Won , Wilkinson Miles F. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Pro-spermatogonia (SG) serve as the gateway to spermatogenesis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we studied the development of ProSG, their SG descendants and testicular somatic cells during the perinatal period in mice. We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. This intermediate (I)-ProSG subset translocates from the center of seminiferous tubules to the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) ‘niche’ in its periphery soon after birth. We identified three undifferentiated SG subsets at postnatal day 7, each of which expresses distinct genes, including transcription factor and signaling genes. Two of these subsets have the characteristics of newly emergent SSCs. We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. Our study provides a rich resource for those investigating testicular germ and somatic cell developmental during the perinatal period.
Macrophages show higher levels of engulfment after disruption of cis interactions between CD47 and the checkpoint receptor SIRPα
Authors: Hayes Brandon H. , Tsai Richard K. , Dooling Lawrence J. , Kadu Siddhant , Lee Justine Y. , Pantano Diego , Rodriguez Pia L. , Subramanian Shyamsundar , Shin Jae-Won , Discher Dennis E. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The macrophage checkpoint receptor SIRPα signals against phagocytosis by binding CD47 expressed on all cells – including macrophages. Here, we found that inhibiting cis interactions between SIRPα and CD47 on the same macrophage increased engulfment (‘eating’) by approximately the same level as inhibiting trans interactions. Antibody blockade of CD47, as pursued in clinical trials against cancer, was applied separately to human-derived macrophages and to red blood cell (RBC) targets for phagocytosis, and both scenarios produced surprisingly similar increases in RBC engulfment. Blockade of both macrophages and targets resulted in hyper-phagocytosis, and knockdown of macrophage-CD47 likewise increased engulfment of ‘foreign’ cells and particles, decreased the baseline inhibitory signaling of SIRPα, and linearly increased binding of soluble CD47 in trans, consistent with cis-trans competition. Many cell types express both SIRPα and CD47, including mouse melanoma B16 cells, and CRISPR-mediated deletions modulate B16 phagocytosis, consistent with cis-trans competition. Additionally, soluble SIRPα binding to human CD47 displayed on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was suppressed by SIRPα co-display, and atomistic computations confirm SIRPα bends and binds CD47 in cis. Safety and efficacy profiles for CD47–SIRPα blockade might therefore reflect a disruption of both cis and trans interactions.
Diversification of CORVET tethers facilitates transport complexity in Tetrahymena thermophila
Authors: Sparvoli Daniela , Zoltner Martin , Cheng Chao-Yin , Field Mark C. , Turkewitz Aaron P. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
In endolysosomal networks, two hetero-hexameric tethers called HOPS and CORVET are found widely throughout eukaryotes. The unicellular ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila possesses elaborate endolysosomal structures, but curiously both it and related protozoa lack the HOPS tether and several other trafficking proteins, while retaining the related CORVET complex. Here, we show that Tetrahymena encodes multiple paralogs of most CORVET subunits, which assemble into six distinct complexes. Each complex has a unique subunit composition and, significantly, shows unique localization, indicating participation in distinct pathways. One pair of complexes differ by a single subunit (Vps8), but have late endosomal versus recycling endosome locations. While Vps8 subunits are thus prime determinants for targeting and functional specificity, determinants exist on all subunits except Vps11. This unprecedented expansion and diversification of CORVET provides a potent example of tether flexibility, and illustrates how ‘backfilling’ following secondary losses of trafficking genes can provide a mechanism for evolution of new pathways.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Study protocol for a process evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing and polypharmacy in patients with multimorbidity in Irish primary care (SPPiRE)
Authors: Kyne Karen , McCarthy Caroline , Kiely Bridget , Smith Susan M. , Clyne Barbara ,   SPPiRE Study team
Published: January 2020

Background: Multimorbidity (the presence of two or more chronic conditions) is associated with poorer health outcomes, particularly for patients with significant polypharmacy (≥15 medications), due to the higher risk of adverse events and drug interactions. The SPPiRE study will assess the effectiveness of a complex intervention to support general practitioners (GPs) to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing and consider deprescribing in older people with multimorbidity and significant polypharmacy. The aim of the SPPiRE process evaluation is to understand how and why the intervention is effective or ineffective and to explore the potential for system wide implementation of the intervention using the Medical Research Council general themes of context, implementation and mechanism of impact. Methods: The SPPiRE study is a clustered randomised controlled trial (RCT), aiming to recruit 55 general practices and 400 patients (≥65 years) on ≥15 medications throughout the Republic of Ireland. This mixed-methods process evaluation of the SPPiRE study will integrate both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data will be collected on use of the intervention elements and from GP questionnaires. Qualitative data will be collected from semi-structured telephone interviews with all intervention GPs and a purposeful sample of patients from intervention practices. The topic guide will explore barriers and facilitators to participation and implementation of the intervention. Quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Interviews will be transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data will be then be integrated. Discussion: The SPPiRE cluster RCT will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness and practicability of delivering a structured medication review in reducing polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing for patients with multimorbidity. This process evaluation will provide information on how the intervention was implemented, how it was or was not effective and the potential for a system wide implementation. Trial registration: ISRCTN 12752680, registration: 20/10/2016
Ultra-wideband far-infrared absorber based on anisotropically etched doped silicon
Authors: You Xiaolong , Upadhyay Aditi , Cheng Yongzhi , Bhaskaran Madhu , Sriram Sharath , Fumeaux Christophe , Withayachumnankul Withawat 
Published: January 2020

Far-infrared absorbers exhibiting wideband performance are in great demand in numerous applications, including imaging, detection, and wireless communications. Here, a nonresonant far-infrared absorber with ultra-wideband operation is proposed. This absorber is in the form of inverted pyramidal cavities etched into moderately doped silicon. By means of a wet-etching technique, the crystallinity of silicon restricts the formation of the cavities to a particular shape in an angle that favors impedance matching between lossy silicon and free space. Far-infrared waves incident on this absorber experience multiple reflections on the slanted lossy silicon side walls, being dissipated towards the cavity bottom. The simulation and measurement results confirm that an absorption beyond 90% can be sustained from 1.25 to 5.00 THz. Furthermore, the experiment results suggest that the absorber can operate up to at least 21.00 THz with a specular reflection less than 10% and negligible transmission.
Plasma mirror focal spot quality for glass and aluminum mirrors for laser pulses up to 20  ps
Authors: Edghill Brandon , Forestier-Colleoni Pierre , Park Jaebum , Rubenchik Alexander , Beg Farhat N. , Ma Tammy 
Published: January 2020

High-intensity short-pulse lasers are being pushed further as applications continue to demand higher laser intensities. Uses such as radiography and laser-driven particle acceleration require these higher intensities to produce the necessary x-ray and particle fluxes. Achieving these intensities, however, is limited by the damage threshold of costly optics and the complexity of target chambers. This is evidenced by the Advanced Radiographic Capability (ARC) short-pulse laser at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, producing four high-energy

≈
1

k
J

laser pulses at 30 ps pulse duration, being limited to an intensity of

10

18

W

/

c
m

2

by the large focal spot size of

≈
100

µ

m

. Due to the setup complexity of NIF, changing the location of the final focusing parabola in order to improve the focal spot size is not an option. This leads to the possible use of disposable ellipsoidal plasma mirrors (PMs) placed within the chamber, close to the target in an attempt to refocus the four ARC beams. However, the behavior of PMs at these relatively long pulse durations (tens of picoseconds) is not well characterized. The results from the COMET laser at the Jupiter Laser Facility carried out at 0.5 to 20 ps pulse durations on flat mirrors are presented as a necessary first step towards focusing curved mirrors. The findings show defocusing at longer pulse durations and higher intensities, with less degradation when using aluminum coated mirrors.
Phase retrieval with fast convergence employing parallel alternative projections and phase reset for coherent communications
Authors: Chen Haoshuo , Huang Hanzi , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland 
Published: January 2020

Phase-retrieval (PR) receivers can reconstruct complex-valued signals using only direct detection without the use of any optical carriers. We propose and demonstrate two PR receiver solutions with faster and better convergence. First, we demonstrate a PR receiver based on parallel alternative projections that are produced by propagating the signal through an array of dispersive elements of increasing length followed by direct detection. Fast convergence and high retrieved phase accuracy are achieved using a modified Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm that uses each projection as an intensity constraint. Second, we achieve similar performances employing an enhanced single projection GS algorithm with selective phase reset using symbol-wise GS errors. We experimentally reconstruct a 30 Gbaud QPSK signal after 55 km single-mode fiber transmission using the proposed solutions with a reduced number of iterations.
Tm:YAG ceramic derived multimaterial fiber with high gain per unit length for 2 µm laser applications
Authors: Qian Guoquan , Wang Wenlong , Tang Guowu , Guan Xianchao , Lin Wei , Qian Qi , Chen Dongdan , Yang Changsheng , Liu Jiantao , Zhou Guiyao , Xu Shanhui , Yang Zhongmin 
Published: January 2020

In this work, Tm:YAG (Tm:

Y

3

A
l

5

O

12

) ceramic-derived multimaterial fiber was fabricated by using the molten core method, which has a high gain per unit length of 2.7 dB/cm at 1950 nm. To our knowledge, this is the highest gain per unit length at 2 µm band in similar Tm:YAG-derived multimaterial fibers. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) fiber laser was built based on a 10-cm-long as-drawn fiber. The achieved 1950 nm laser, which has a maximum output power of

∼

240

m
W

and a slope efficiency of 16.5%, was pumped by a self-developed 1610 nm fiber laser. What is more, an all-fiber-integrated passively mode-locked fiber laser based on the 10-cm-long as-drawn fiber was realized. The mode-locked pulses operate at 1950 nm with duration of

∼

380

p
s

, and the repetition rate is 26.45 MHz. The results described here indicate that the Tm:YAG ceramic-derived multimaterial fiber with high gain per unit length has promising applications in 2 µm all-fiber fiber lasers.
La signodanza: Espacio para la diversidad
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz Rakel 
Published: January 2020

La Signodanza es un modo de expresión que integra la comunicación y la creación artística a partes iguales, a través de la fusión de los distintos estilos de danza con las lenguas de signos y con el sistema de signos internacional. Es un fin en sí misma y a la vez un medio para conectar emociones y trabajar desde la diversidad junto a diferentes colectivos en riesgo de exclusión social. Este artículo pretende mostrar los resultados positivos que tiene esta disciplina artística como vehículo integrador de públicos y lenguajes. Es facilitadora del desarrollo físico y emocional de las personas que trabajan con ella, convirtiéndose en una herramienta accesible que puede ser usada desde el ámbito del movimiento y de la educación inclusiva. La Signodanza es utilizada aquí como nexo, como vínculo integrador entre la danza, el arte y la cultura que promueve la inclusión y respeta la diferencia.
Centrosymmetric LaRh2Ga2
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Schubert Lea , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Polycrystalline samples of LaRh2Ga2 with the centrosymmetric CaBe2Ge2 type structure were obtained by arc-melting. Small single crystals were grown through a special annealing sequence in an induction furnace. The structures of two different crystals were refined from diffractometer data, confirming the centrosymmetric structure. The 2c Rh sites were refined with anharmonic atomic displacement parameters.
Neuronal Glutamatergic Synaptic Clefts Alkalinize Rather Than Acidify during Neurotransmission
Authors: Stawarski Michal , Hernandez Roberto X. , Feghhi Touhid , Borycz Jolanta A. , Lu Zhiyuan , Agarwal Andrea B. , Reihl Kelly D. , Tavora Rubens , Lau A.W.C. , Meinertzhagen Ian A. , Renden Robert , Macleod Gregory T. 
Published: January 2020

The dogma that the synaptic cleft acidifies during neurotransmission is based on the corelease of neurotransmitters and protons from synaptic vesicles, and is supported by direct data from sensory ribbon-type synapses. However, it is unclear whether acidification occurs at non–ribbon-type synapses. Here we used genetically encoded fluorescent pH indicators to examine cleft pH at conventional neuronal synapses. At the neuromuscular junction of femaleDrosophilalarvae, we observed alkaline spikes of over 1 log unit during fictive locomotionin vivo. Ex vivo, single action potentials evoked alkalinizing pH transients of only ∼0.01 log unit, but these transients summated rapidly during burst firing. A chemical pH indicator targeted to the cleft corroborated these findings. Cleft pH transients were dependent on Ca2+movement across the postsynaptic membrane, rather than neurotransmitter release per se, a result consistent with cleft alkalinization being driven by the Ca2+/H+antiporting activity of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase at the postsynaptic membrane. Targeting the pH indicators to the microenvironment of the presynaptic voltage gated Ca2+channels revealed that alkalinization also occurred within the cleft proper at the active zone and not just within extrasynaptic regions. Application of the pH indicators at the mouse calyx of Held, a mammalian central synapse, similarly revealed cleft alkalinization during burst firing in both males and females. These findings, made at two quite different non–ribbon type synapses, suggest that cleft alkalinization during neurotransmission, rather than acidification, is a generalizable phenomenon across conventional neuronal synapses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurotransmission is highly sensitive to the pH of the extracellular milieu. This is readily evident in the neurological symptoms that accompany systemic acid/base imbalances. Imaging data from sensory ribbon-type synapses show that neurotransmission itself can acidify the synaptic cleft, likely due to the corelease of protons and glutamate. It is not clear whether the same phenomenon occurs at conventional neuronal synapses due to the difficulties in collecting such data. If it does occur, it would provide for an additional layer of activity-dependent modulation of neurotransmission. Our findings of alkalinization, rather than acidification, within the cleft of two different neuronal synapses encourages a reassessment of the scope of activity-dependent pH influences on neurotransmission and short-term synaptic plasticity.
Igiaba Scego’s Roma negata: The ethical nomadism of a second generation migrant writer
Authors: Bovo Martine 
Published: January 2020

Igiaba Scego (Rome 1974-) appartient à la seconde génération d’auteures italo-somaliennes. L’article se concentre sur son essai Roma negata, Percorsi postcoloniali nella città publié en 2014, et montre que l’itinérance dans la ville de Rome proposée par l’auteure n’a rien d’une simple visite touristique mais relève d’une démarche éthique visant à informer les Italiens de la persistance, encore de nos jours, d’un héritage du colonialisme dans leur sensibilité, et leur vécu quotien. La déambulation de Scego dans Rome s’apparente au nomadisme qui rappelle la culture maternelle, et focalise l’attention sur les corps humains et les monuments de Rome, en mettant en relation les temps passés de l’époque coloniale au temps présent de l’histoire italienne. Ce faisant, Scego déconstruit la perception habituelle de Rome et reconstruit, par une opération de décentrement du regard, une cartographie de la capitale, émotive et engagée, postcoloniale.Mots-clés : Igiaba Scego. Rome. Nomadisme. Écriture éthique. Vision postcoloniale. Roma negata.***Roma negata de Igiaba Scego: o nomadismo ético de uma escritora migrante de segunda geração***Igiaba Scego (Roma, 1974) pertence à segunda geração de autores ítalo somalis. O artigo concentra-se em seu ensaio Roma negata, Percorsi postcoloniali nella città, publicado em 2014, mostrando que a itinerância pela cidade de Roma proposta pela autora não tem nada de uma simples visita turística, mas está ligada a uma atitude ética que visa a revelar a persistência do colonialismo na maneira de agir e nas vivências cotidianas dos italianos. A deambulação de Scego em Roma aparenta-se ao nomadismo próprio à sua cultura materna. Ao focalizar-se nos corpos humanos e nos monumentos de Roma, a autora estabelece ligações entre o presente e o passado colonial. Desse modo, Scego desconstrói a percepção habitual de Roma e reconstrói, por uma operação de descentramento do olhar, uma cartografia emotiva e engajada da capital pós-colonial.