bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using bioinformatics and metabolomics to identify altered granulosa cells in patients with diminished ovarian reserve
Authors: He Ruifen , Zhao Zhongying , Yang Yongxiu , Liang Xiaolei 
Published: August 2020

Background
During fertility treatment, diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a challenge that can seriously affect a patient’s reproductive potential. However, the pathogenesis of DOR is still unclear and its treatment options are limited. This study aimed to explore DOR’s molecular mechanisms.

Methods
We used R software to analyze the mRNA microarray dataset E-MTAB-391 downloaded from ArrayExpress, screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and perform functional enrichment analyses. We also constructed the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and miRNA-mRNA networks. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) from women with DOR and the control group were collected to perform untargeted metabolomics analyses. Additionally, small molecule drugs were identified using the Connectivity Map database.

Results
We ultimately identified 138 DEGs. Our gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine and steroid biosynthetic processes. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), the DEGs were mainly enriched in the AGE (advanced glycation end-product)-RAGE (receptor for AGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications and steroid biosynthesis. In the PPI network, we determined that JUN, EGR1, HMGCR, ATF3, and SQLE were hub genes that may be involved in steroid biosynthesis and inflammation. miRNAs also played a role in DOR development by regulating target genes. We validated the differences in steroid metabolism across GCs using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We selected 31 small molecules with potentially positive or negative influences on DOR development.

Conclusion
We found that steroidogenesis and inflammation played critical roles in DOR development, and our results provide promising insights for predicting and treating DOR.
Awareness of Botox Injections in Facial Aesthetics among Dental Students
Authors: Zaaba Nurul Afiqah Amani Binti , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Duraisamy Revathi 
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and knowledge on the use of Botox injections in facial aesthetics among undergraduate dental students. Botulinum toxin is considered as a quick and effective non-surgical solution for enhancing physical appearance. Botox is considered as the best choice, as it is affordable and less radical than surgery. It is derived from gram-positive spore forming, clostridium botulinum. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the awareness of dentists towards using botulinum toxins in facial aesthetics. The survey was conducted online via survey planet. There were about 103 study population, participated in this study. Data is collected using an online survey planet link and statistically analysed. 95.1% of participants reported that they have general knowledge on the Botox (95.1%). 66 % of respondents agreed that clostridium botulinum bacterium is the source of Botox. 24.51% of respondents stated that Botox was commonly used for wrinkle reduction and 96.1% were aware of the toxicity effect of Botox when it is administered in a high dosage. Association between response of the participants and knowledge on Botox was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). According to our study, the majority of students showed an acceptable level of knowledge and awareness on Botox and its use in facial aesthetics.
Targeting the Secreted Aspartic Proteinase (SAP-1) Associated with Virulence in C. albicans by C. cassia Bio-compounds: A Computational Approach
Authors: Ranasinghe Abigail , Girija A. S. Smiline , Priyadharsini J. Vijayashree 
Published: August 2020

Evaluation of the drug ligand interactions between the C. cassia bio-compounds with the SAP-1 in C. albicans to explore the inhibitory medicinal potential of C. cassia bio-compounds by a computational approach is performed in the present investigation.
Antimicrobial assay was done using agar well diffusion method with the crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the dried barks of C. cassia against C. albicans. 2D & 3D structures of the active bio-compounds of C. cassia were optimized and the 3D structure of SAP-1 was retrieved from the PDB data bank. In-silico inhibitory potential of the selected C. cassia biocompounds against SAP-1 was done by Auto Dock 2.0 and was visualized with Accelrys discovery studio visualizing tool with the assessment of the molecular properties of the ligands against SAP-1 by molinspiration calculations and further assessment for their drug likeliness. In-vitro analysis showed a promising anti-fungal activity of C. cassia extracts against C. albicans. Cinnamoyl E-acetate and Eugenyl acetate seem to possess promising inhibitory effect to target SAP-1 with a least binding energy of –5.33 and -5.21 Kcal/mol with four hydrogen bonds respectively. Molinspiration assessments showed zero violations for all the C. cassia compounds with the TPSA scores of <140 Å towards the best oral bioavailability. The findings of the study emphasize that cinnamaldehyde, cinnamoyal acetate and eugenol from C. cassia seem to possess a promising inhibitory effect against SAP-1 of C. albicans suggesting the medicinal value of the spice against SAP-1.
Knowledge and Awareness about the Mode of Transmission of Vector Borne Diseases among General Public
Authors: Aathira C. M. , Geetha R. V. , Lakshmi T. 
Published: August 2020

Vector borne diseases account for more than 17% of other contagious diseases and can be caused either by parasites, bacteria or viruses. Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by female Anopheles mosquitoes. It causes millions of cases globally and most deaths occur in children. Dengue is another vector disease caused by Aedes mosquito and also affects millions of people, also causing more deaths. Other vector diseases may include yellow fever, zika fever, west nile fever, chikungunya, elephantiasis etc. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and awareness about the mode of transmission of vector borne disease among the general public and also to analyse the correlation between gender and the level of awareness about vector borne disease among them. A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among people in the region of Chennai. A set of 15 questions including questions on knowledge and awareness on the mode of transmission of vector borne diseases among the general population. It included questions like examples of vector borne diseases, mode of transmission of disease, preventive measures etc. The people of age group between 25-45 years were involved in the survey. There were 100 responses to the survey. The duration of the study was about 7 days. It is clear that the population was aware about the vector borne diseases but not very clear about the preventive measures to be taken to prevent the spread of vector borne diseases.
Can self-monitoring mobile health apps reduce sedentary behavior? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yamamoto Kojiro , Ebara Takeshi , Matsuda Fumiko , Matsukawa Tsuyoshi , Yamamoto Nao , Ishii Kenji , Kurihara Takahiro , Yamada Shota , Matsuki Taro , Tani Naomichi , Kamijima Michihiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
To examine whether the self-monitoring interventions of a mobile health app reduce sedentary behavior in the short and long terms.

Method
We designed a double-blind randomized control trial. Participants were selected from among the staff of a medical institution and registrants of an online research firm. Forty-nine participants were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 25) or an intervention group (n = 24). The control group was given only the latest information about sedentary behavior, and the intervention was provided real-time feedback for self-monitoring in addition to the information. These interventions provided for 5 weeks (to measure the short-term effect) and 13 weeks (to measure the long-term effect) via the smartphone app. Measurements were as follows: subjective total sedentary time (SST), objective total sedentary time (OST), mean sedentary bout duration (MSB), and the number of sedentary breaks (SB). Only SST was measured by self-report based on the standardized International Physical Activity Questionnaire and others were measured with the smartphone.

Results
No significant results were observed in the short term. In the long term, while no significant results were also observed in objective sedentary behavior (OST, MSB, SB), the significant differences were observed in subjective sedentary behavior (SST, βint − βctrl between baseline and 9/13 weeks; 1.73 and 1.50 h/d, respectively).

Conclusions
Real-time feedback for self-monitoring with smartphone did not significantly affect objective sedentary behavior. However, providing only information about sedentary behavior to users with smartphones may make misperception on the amount of their subjective sedentary behavior.
Automatic localization and segmentation of focal cortical dysplasia in FLAIR‐negative patients using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Feng Cuixia , Zhao Hulin , Li Yueer , Wen Junhai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of epilepsy; the only treatment is surgery. Therefore, detecting FCD using noninvasive imaging technology can help doctors determine whether surgical intervention is required. Since FCD lesions are small and not obvious, diagnosing FCD through visual evaluations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is difficult. The purpose of this study is to detect and segment histologically confirmed FCD lesions in images of normal fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)‐negative lesions using convolutional neural network (CNN) technology.MethodsThe technique involves training a six‐layer CNN named Net‐Pos, which consists of two convolutional layers (CLs); two pooling layers (PLs); and two fully connected (FC) layers, including 60 943 learning parameters. We employed activation maximization (AM) to optimize a series of pattern image blocks (PIBs) that were most similar to a lesion image block by using the trained Net‐Pos. We developed an AM and convolutional localization (AMCL) algorithm that employs the mean PIBs combined with convolution to locate and segment FCD lesions in FLAIR‐negative patients. Five evaluation indices, namely, recall, specificity, accuracy, precision, and the Dice coefficient, were applied to evaluate the localization and segmentation performance of the algorithm.ResultsThe PIBs most similar to an FCD lesion image block were identified by the trained Net‐Pos as image blocks with brighter central areas and darker surrounding image blocks. The technique was evaluated using 18 FLAIR‐negative lesion images from 12 patients. The subject‐wise recall of the AMCL algorithm was 83.33% (15/18). The Dice coefficient for the segmentation performance was 52.68.ConclusionWe developed a novel algorithm referred to as the AMCL algorithm with mean PIBs to effectively and automatically detect and segment FLAIR‐negative FCD lesions. This work is the first study to apply a CNN‐based model to detect and segment FCD lesions in images of FLAIR‐negative lesions.
Global multisensory reorganization after vestibular brain stem stroke
Authors: Conrad Julian , Habs Maximilian , Boegle Rainer , Ertl Matthias , Kirsch Valerie , Stefanova‐Brostek Iskra , Eren Ozan , Becker‐Bense Sandra , Stephan Thomas , Wollenweber Frank , Duering Marco , zu Eulenburg Peter , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivePatients with acute central vestibular syndrome suffer from vertigo, spontaneous nystagmus, postural instability with lateral falls, and tilts of visual vertical. Usually, these symptoms compensate within months. The mechanisms of compensation in vestibular infarcts are yet unclear. This study focused on structural changes in gray and white matter volume that accompany clinical compensation.MethodsWe studied patients with acute unilateral brain stem infarcts prospectively over 6 months. Structural changes were compared between the acute phase and follow‐up with a group of healthy controls using voxel‐based morphometry.ResultsRestitution of vestibular function following brain stem infarcts was accompanied by downstream structural changes in multisensory cortical areas. The changes depended on the location of the infarct along the vestibular pathways in patients with pathological tilts of the SVV and on the quality of the vestibular percept (rotatory vs graviceptive) in patients with pontomedullary infarcts. Patients with pontomedullary infarcts with vertigo or spontaneous nystagmus showed volumetric increases in vestibular parietal opercular multisensory and (retro‐) insular areas with right‐sided preference. Compensation of graviceptive deficits was accompanied by adaptive changes in multiple multisensory vestibular areas in both hemispheres in lower brain stem infarcts and by additional changes in the motor system in upper brain stem infarcts.InterpretationThis study demonstrates multisensory neuroplasticity in both hemispheres along with the clinical compensation of vestibular deficits following unilateral brain stem infarcts. The data further solidify the concept of a right‐hemispheric specialization for core vestibular processing. The identification of cortical structures involved in central compensation could serve as a platform to launch novel rehabilitative treatments such as transcranial stimulations.
Seizures and early onset dementia: D2HGA1 inborn error of metabolism in adults
Authors: Tabarestani Sepideh , Varriano Brenda , Rawal Sapna , France Morel Chantal , Carmela Tartaglia Maria , Andrade Danielle M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractD‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria type 1 (D2HGA1) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder usually manifesting in infancy/early childhood with seizures and significant central nervous system involvement. We report two siblings with D2HGA1 presenting with mild intellectual disability, and the onset of seizures in adulthood. One of them was misdiagnosed as tuberous sclerosis due to her presentation and the presence of subependymal nodules on brain imaging. Both further developed early onset dementia. This report expands the phenotype of D2HGA1 to include late‐onset seizures and early onset dementia in adults.
Multivariable extremum seeking control via cyclic search and monitoring function
Authors: Aminde Nerito Oliveira , Oliveira Tiago Roux , Hsu Liu 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis article addresses the design of a multivariable extremum‐seeking controller for a class of nonlinear static multi‐input systems. A method is proposed based on cyclic search directions and a monitoring function to guarantee the objective function to track an adequate reference trajectory via sliding‐mode control. The method allows achieving an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the desired optimal point (extremum) starting from any initial conditions. Simulation results illustrate the significant advantages of the proposed multivariable control strategy in terms of speed of convergence, global convergence and small residual errors.
A Non‐Invasive Nanoprobe for In Vivo Photoacoustic Imaging of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Ge Xiaoxiao , Cui Hongtu , Kong Jian , Lu Shi‐Yu , Zhan Rui , Gao Jianing , Xu Yangkai , Lin Shuangyan , Meng Kaixin , Zu Lingyun , Guo Shaojun , Zheng Lemin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVulnerable atherosclerotic (AS) plaque is the major cause of cardiovascular death. However, clinical methods cannot directly identify the vulnerable AS plaque at molecule level. Herein, osteopontin antibody (OPN Ab) and NIR fluorescence molecules of ICG co‐assembled Ti3C2 nanosheets are reported as an advanced nanoprobe (OPN Ab/Ti3C2/ICG) with enhanced photoacoustic (PA) performance for direct and non‐invasive in vivo visual imaging of vulnerable AS plaque. The designed OPN Ab/Ti3C2/ICG nanoprobes successfully realize obvious NIR fluorescence imaging toward foam cells as well as the vulnerable AS plaque slices. After intravenous injection of OPN Ab/Ti3C2/ICG nanoprobes into AS model mice, in vivo imaging results show a significantly enhanced PA signal in the aortic arch accumulated with vulnerable plaque, well indicating the remarkable feasibility of OPN Ab/Ti3C2/ICG nanoprobes to distinguish the vulnerable AS plaque. The proposed OPN Ab/Ti3C2/ICG nanoprobes not only overcome the clinical difficulty to differentiate vulnerable plaque, but also achieve the non‐invasively specific in vivo imaging of vulnerable AS plaque at molecule level, greatly promoting the innovation of cardiovascular diagnosis technology.
Tailoring of Typical Color Centers in Diamond for Photonics
Authors: Liu Kang , Zhang Sen , Ralchenko Victor , Qiao Pengfei , Zhao Jiwen , Shu Guoyang , Yang Lei , Han Jiecai , Dai Bing , Zhu Jiaqi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOn the demand of single‐photon entangled light sources and high‐sensitivity probes in the fields of quantum information processing, weak magnetic field detection and biosensing, the nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center is very attractive and has been deeply and intensively studied, due to its convenience of spin initialization, operation, and optical readout combined with long coherence time in the ambient environment. Although the application prospect is promising, there are still some problems to be solved before fully exerting its characteristic performance, including enhancement of emission of NV centers in certain charge state (NV− or NV0), obtaining indistinguishable photons, and improving of collecting efficiency for the photons. Herein, the research progress in these issues is reviewed and commented on to help researchers grasp the current trends. In addition, the development of emerging color centers, such as germanium vacancy defects, and rare‐earth dopants, with great potential for various applications, are also briefly surveyed.
Orientation‐Dependent Host–Dopant Interactions for Manipulating Charge Transport in Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Zhang Fengjiao , Mohammadi Erfan , Qu Ge , Dai Xiaojuan , Diao Ying 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMolecular orientation plays a critical role in controlling carrier transport in organic semiconductors (OSCs). However, this aspect has not been explored for surface doping of OSC thin films. The challenge lies in lack of methods to precisely modulate relative molecular orientation between the dopant and the OSC host. Here, the impact of molecular orientation on dopant–host electronic interactions by large modulation of conjugated polymer orientation via solution coating is reported. Combining synchrotron‐radiation X‐ray measurements with spectroscopic and electrical characterizations, a quantitative correlation between doping‐enhanced charge carrier mobility and the Herman's orientation parameter is presented. This direct correlation can be attributed to enhanced charge‐transfer interactions at host/dopant interface with increasing face‐on orientation of the polymer. These results demonstrate that the surface doping effect can be fundamentally manipulated by controlling the molecular orientation of the OSC layer, enabling optimization of carrier transport.
Enantiomeric MOF Crystals Using Helical Channels as Palettes with Bright White Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Zhang Chong , Yan Zhi‐Ping , Dong Xi‐Yan , Han Zhen , Li Si , Fu Ting , Zhu Yan‐Yan , Zheng You‐Xuan , Niu Yun‐Yin , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe host–guest chemistry of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has enabled the derivation of numerous new functionalities. However, intrinsically chiral MOFs (CMOFs) with helical channels have not been used to realize crystalline circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials. Herein, enantiomeric pairs of MOF crystals are reported, where achiral fluorophores adhere to the inner surface of helical channels via biology‐like H‐bonds and hence inherit the helicity of the host MOFs, eventually amplifying the luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of the host l/d‐CMOF (±1.50 × 10−3) to a maximum of ±0.0115 for the composite l/d‐CMOF⊃fluorophores. l/d‐CMOF⊃fluorophores in pairs generate bright color‐tunable CPL and almost ideal white CPL (0.33, 0.32) with a record‐high photoluminescence quantum yield of ≈30%, which are further assembled into a white circularly polarized light‐emitting diode. The present strategy opens a new avenue for propagating the chirality of MOFs to realize universal chiroptical materials.
Graphene‐Quantum‐Dots‐Induced Centimeter‐Sized Growth of Monolayer Organic Crystals for High‐Performance Transistors
Authors: Wang Jinwen , Wu Xiaofeng , Pan Jing , Feng Tanglue , Wu Di , Zhang Xiujuan , Yang Bai , Zhang Xiaohong , Jie Jiansheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMonolayer organic crystals have attracted considerable attention due to their extraordinary optoelectronic properties. Solution self‐assembly on the surface of water is an effective approach to fabricate monolayer organic crystals. However, due to the difficulties in controlling the spreading of organic solution on the water surface and the weak intermolecular interaction between the organic molecules, large‐area growth of monolayer organic crystals remains a great challenge. Here, a graphene quantum dots (GQDs)‐induced self‐assembly method for centimeter‐sized growth of monolayer organic crystals on a GQDs solution surface is reported. The spreading area of the organic solution can be readily controlled by tuning the pH value of the GQDs solution. Meanwhile, the π–π stacking interaction between the GQDs and the organic molecules can effectively reduce the nucleation energy of the organic molecules and afford a cohesive force to bond the crystals, enabling large‐area growth of monolayer organic crystals. Using 2,7‐didecyl benzothienobenzothiopene (C10‐BTBT) as an examples, centimeter‐sized monolayer C10‐BTBT crystal with uniform molecular packing and crystal orientation is attained. Organic field‐effect transistors based on the monolayer C10‐BTBT crystals exhibit a high mobility up to 2.6 cm2 V−1 s−1, representing the highest mobility value for solution‐assembled monolayer organic crystals. This work provides a feasible route for large‐scale fabrication of monolayer organic crystals toward high‐performance organic devices.
Time‐Gated FRET Nanoprobes for Autofluorescence‐Free Long‐Term In Vivo Imaging of Developing Zebrafish
Authors: Cardoso Dos Santos Marcelina , Colin Ingrid , Ribeiro Dos Santos Gabriel , Susumu Kimihiro , Demarque Michaël , Medintz Igor L. , Hildebrandt Niko 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe zebrafish is an important vertebrate model for disease, drug discovery, toxicity, embryogenesis, and neuroscience. In vivo fluorescence microscopy can reveal cellular and subcellular details down to the molecular level with fluorescent proteins (FPs) currently the main tool for zebrafish imaging. However, long maturation times, low brightness, photobleaching, broad emission spectra, and sample autofluorescence are disadvantages that cannot be easily overcome by FPs. Here, a bright and photostable terbium‐to‐quantum dot (QD) Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) nanoprobe with narrow and tunable emission bands for intracellular in vivo imaging is presented. The long photoluminescence (PL) lifetime enables time‐gated (TG) detection without autofluorescence background. Intracellular four‐color multiplexing with a single excitation wavelength and in situ assembly and FRET to mCherry demonstrate the versatility of the TG‐FRET nanoprobes and the possibility of in vivo bioconjugation to FPs and combined nanoprobe‐FP FRET sensing. Upon injection at the one‐cell stage, FRET nanoprobes can be imaged in developing zebrafish embryos over seven days with toxicity similar to injected RNA and strongly improved signal‐to‐background ratios compared to non‐TG imaging. This work provides a strategy for advancing in vivo fluorescence imaging applications beyond the capabilities of FPs.