bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial needs of the parents of children with mental disorder
Authors: Zangeneh Zahra , Jalali Amir , Jalali Rostam , Daryoushi Hooman 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In addition to the major problems that a child with mental disorder, the family, and society are faced with, mental disorders in children cause several problems and care pressure on the parents in particular. While the parents suffer the highest damages by their child’ disease, they tend to hide their pains, sufferings, and needs from others. The present study is an attempt to elaborate on psychosocial needs in the parents of children with mental disorder. Methods The study was carried out as a qualitative study using content analysis method. To this end, 21 parents of children with mental disorder at age range 10-18 years took part in the study. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling and after signing an informed letter of consent, deep semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the participants and the data was analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results Analysis of the interviews revealed 302 codes, 16 subcategories, seven categories, and two themes. The theme “psychological needs” was comprised of categories the need for assurance, the need for emotional support, and the need for being accepted. The theme “social needs” was comprised of categories the need for social support, the need for welfare, the need for information support, and the need for family support. Conclusion Given the changes in their lives caused the disease of their children, parents of children with mental disorders deal with several needs and challenges. The needs categorized in mental and emotional fields and social and information supports were the main needs.
Two immune-enhanced molecular subtypes differ in inflammation, immune checkpoints, mutations and outcome in Stage I-II colonic carcinoma.
Authors: Tang Dongxin , Huang Wei , Yang Zhu , Wu Xin , Sang Xianan , Wang Kuilong , Cao Gang , Hao Min 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the immune function of the tumor microenvironment and its clinical correlation with colonic carcinoma.
Methods : Immune genes were downloaded from the The Cancer Genome Atlas （TCGA）database. Five subtypes are obtained by cluster screening based on immune gene expression data.
Results: The C3 and C4 subtypes show stronger immune activity. In addition, the C4 subtype has the largest number of gene mutations and the worst prognosis. Most of the immune signatures are upregulated in the C4 subtype, while most of the immune infiltration-related cells are upregulated in the C3 and C4 subtypes.
Conclusions: The different immune microenvironments between these subtypes may provide new ideas for immunotherapy strategies in colon carcinoma.
Male castration alters the gut microbiota, leading to increased serum levels of branched-chain amino acids and adiposity
Authors: Whon Tae Woong , Kim Hyun Sik , Shin Na-Ri , Jung Eun Sung , Tak Euon Jung , Sung Hojun , Jung Mi-Ja , Jeong Yun-Seok , Hyun Dong-Wook , Kim Pil Soo , Jang Yu Kyung , Lee Choong Hwan , Bae Jin-Woo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Testosterone deficiency is positively correlated with fat accumulation and obesity-related comorbidities, such as metabolic syndrome. Castration of young males is widely used in the cattle industry to improve meat quality. However, the mechanism linking hypogonadism and host metabolism is not clear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of male hypogonadism on the gut microbiota and serum metabolites, and the contribution of the altered microbiota to the host metabolic phenotype during hypogonadism.Results : We used metataxonomic and metabolomic approaches to evaluate the intestinal microbiota and host metabolism in male, castrated male (CtM), and female cattle. We then used a male mouse castration model to evaluate the causative factor(s) that underpin the alteration of the intestinal microbiota and host metabolic phenotype in response to hypogonadism. After pubescence, the CtM cattle harbored distinct ileal microbiota dominated by the family Peptostreptococcaceae , and exhibited distinct serum and muscle amino acid profiles (i.e., highly abundant branched-chain amino acids), with increased extra- and intramuscular fat storage. Castration of male mice phenocopied both the intestinal microbial alterations and obese-prone metabolism observed in cattle. Antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments in a mouse model further revealed that the intestinal microbial alterations associated with hypogonadism are a key contributor to the obese phenotype in the CtM animals.Conclusions : We demonstrated altered gut microbial profiles in the hypogonadal animals, with a negative feedback between the serum testosterone levels and the ileal abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae , and a distinct metabolic phenotype, with an enhanced amino acid metabolism. These findings suggest targeting the gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of both hypogonadism and obesity.
Bioinformatic and experimental findings to indicate anti-cancer targets and mechanisms of calycosin against nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Fangxian , Pan Qijin , Wang Liangliang , Yi Shijiang , Liu Peng , Huang Wenjun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Calycosin is a naturally-occurring phytoestrogen that reportedly exerts anti- nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) effects. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms for anti-NPC using calycosin remain unrevealed. Methods: Thus, a network pharmacology was used to uncover anti-NPC pharmacological targets and mechanisms of calycosin. Additionally, validated experiments were conducted to validate the bioinformatic findings of calycosin for treating NPC. Results: As results, bioinformatic assays showed that the predictive pharmacological targets of calycosin against NPC were TP53, MAPK14, CASP8, MAPK3, CASP3, RIPK1, JUN, ESR1, respectively. And the top 20 biological processes and pharmacological mechanisms of calycosin against NPC were identified accordingly. In clinical data, NPC samples showed positive expression of MAPK14, reduced TP53, CASP8 expressions. In studies in vitro and in vivo, calycosin-dosed NPC cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis. In TUNEL staining, calycosin exhibited elevated apoptotic cell number. And immunostaining assays resulted in increased TP53, CASP8 positive cells, and reduced MAPK14 expressions in calycosin-dosed NPC cells and tumor-bearing nude mice. Conclusion: Altogether, these bioinformatic findings reveal optimal pharmacological targets and mechanisms of calycosin against NPC, following with representative identification of human and preclinical experiments. Notably, some of original biotargets may be potentially used to treat NPC.
CDH1 mutations in gastric cancers are not influenced by family history
Authors: Choi Sangjoon , Jang Jiryeon , Heo You Jeong , Kang So Young , Kim Seung Tae , Lee Jeeyun , Kang Won Ki , Kim Jong-Won , Kim Kyoung-Mee 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: CDH1 mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (GC) and early onset diffuse GC patients. However, the incidence of CDH1 mutations in sporadic GC with or without family history has not been studied. Methods: This retrospective study includes a total of 993 Korean patients with primary advanced GC who underwent surgery and received palliative chemotherapy. Targeted deep sequencing was performed in all cases and family history of GC was searched with survival analysis. Results: We found CDH1 alterations in 146 of 993 patients (14.7%) and 8 were germline (0.8%). Out of 146 patients with CDH1 mutations, 25 (17.1%) had a family history of GC in one of their first relatives, and 12 patients (8.2%) were diagnosed with familial GC (FGC). All cases with FGC were diffuse type by Lauren classification, and only one harbored a previously reported germline mutation of CDH1 (c.2638G>A) and the remaining 11 harbored known somatic CDH1 mutations. Among all patients with CDH1 mutation, there was no significant survival difference between patients with family history or FGC. In the 847 patients without CDH1 mutation, 189 (22.3 %) had a family history of GC and 92 patients (10.9%) were FGC. CDH1 mutations were more frequent in patients with early onset (<45 years) GC (45.5%) compared with patients with late onset GC (10.9%) (p = 0.001), but were not significantly associated with the family history of GC (p > 0.05). Conclusions: CDH1 mutations are mostly somatic and typically are not associated with family history.
Meta-Analysis on Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Different Treatment Methods on Multiple Rib Fractures
Authors: Zhang Hao , Feng Ting , Pei Jie zhi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective The treatment of multiple rib fractures is worthy of consideration. A Meta-analysis on the surgical and conservative treatment of multiple rib fractures was carried out in this paper to explore the curative effect of these methods and provide some medical evidence. Methods Articles about randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the surgical and conservative treatment of multiple rib fractures were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases, and were screened then to extract the data. The results were displayed by forest plots. Results This study included 5 articles and 337 cases which were divided into the surgical group (161 cases) and conservative group (176 cases). The Meta-analysis showed that differences between the two groups in respirator support time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay time, length of stay, and the incidence of pulmonary infection, chest wall deformity, chest tightness and breathlessness on exertion were statistically significant, and the differences between the two groups in the rate of tracheotomy and in-hospital mortality were not statistically significant. Conclusion The surgical treatment of multiple rib fractures can shorten the respirator support time, ICU stay time and length of stay, and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection and chest disability, but this should be verified further by more randomized controlled trials. Key words: rib fractures; flail chest; surgical intervention; conservative treatment; Meta-analysis
Association between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival after curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yan Fang , Chen Gang , Xie Jingdun , Zhou Huaqiang , Xing Wei , Li Qiang , Zeng Weian , Chen Dongtai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Few studies have suggested the correlation between intraoperative dexamethasone and oncological outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with radical resection. The existing data are inconsistent and inadequate, and more evidence is needed. We therefore undertook a propensity-matched cohort study to investigate the correlation.

Methods: 832 patients with stage I to IIIa NSCLC who went through a curative resection between January 2008 and December 2013 were enrolled in our study. Propensity-score matching analysis created a population of 206 patients in the non-DEX group and 103 patients in the DEX group. Cox regression analyses were applied to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients who did not and did receive dexamethasone in the propensity score-matched cohort, as well as in the certain patients with high-risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Results: After propensity score matching, intraoperative dexamethasone was not significantly associated with DFS (HR: 1.014, 95%CI: 0.786-1.309, P = 0.913) and OS (HR: 1.221, 95%CI: 0.905-1.647, P = 0.191). Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed that intraoperative dexamethasone was not still associated with DFS and OS after curative resection for NSCLC. In the subgroup analysis, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with improved DFS (HR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.04-0.92, P = 0.038) in the group of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. In the subgroup of VATS, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with prolonged OS (HR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.30-0.92, P = 0.023).

Conclusion: There was no correlation between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival in NSCLC patients after curative surgery. While patients given intraoperative dexamethasone had better disease-free survival compared with patients not given intraoperative dexamethasone in the subgroup of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. Intraoperative administration of dexamethasone may improve overall survival in the subgroup of VATS. Our results indicate that intraoperative administration of dexamethasone is probably favorable in the aforementioned populations.
Registration of Rectal Cancer-Related Clinical Trials on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry over past decades
Authors: Hu Jun-hong , Zhou Shi-Can , Zhang Quan , Li Xing- Wang , Wang Chen-Yu , Zhang Jun-Jie , Ge Zheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background This study investigated and analyzed rectal cancer-related clinical trials registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chi-CTR) by the end of 2018. We aimed to discuss the characteristics and developmental trends. Methods The Chi-CTR database was searched and all clinical trials related to rectal cancer extracted. The time limit for the search was from the establishment of the data library to December 31, 2018. The characteristics of registered clinical trials were then analyzed. Results A total of 70 clinical trials were retreived. Beijing, Shandong, and Guangzhou accounted for 47.1% of the total number of registered clinical trials. Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen Universities having the highest number of registrations. The registration status of the 55 trials was prospective registration. The top sources of funding were self-financing (41.4%), hospital funding (22.9%) and local finance (15.7%). Out of the 43 randomized controlled trials, 39 were either blank or missing in the blinded section. The sample size of clinical trials was high in 100 to 199 cases. Only eight of the 70 trials were multicenter clinical trials. Conclusions Relevant departments should increase the registration of clinical trials, increase the awareness of registration, and promote the development of high-quality clinical trials. At the same time, researchers should raise the awareness of clinical trial registration, and actively carry out multi-center clinical trials.
Nocebo effects and participant information leaflets: evaluating information provided on adverse effects in UK clinical trials
Authors: Kirby Nigel , Shepherd Victoria , Howick Jeremy , Betteridge Sophie , Hood Kerenza 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Nocebo effects (‘negative placebo’ effects) experienced by clinical trial participants can arise from an underlying condition or through communication about side effects in the participant information leaflets (or elsewhere). However, little is known about how information on potential side effects is provided to trial participants. In this study we aimed to increase the evidence-base in this area by identifying the way in which potential side effects from investigational medicinal products used in trials are presented in written information to potential participants. Methods Trials were identified from the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number (ISRCTN) clinical trial registry. Eligible studies were placebo controlled clinical trials of investigational medicinal products (IMP) in adults conducted in the UK in three targeted clinical areas (cancer, musculoskeletal conditions and mental and behavioural disorders). Ongoing and recently completed (within three years) trials were included. We assessed readability using the Flesch Reading Ease scale, Gunning-Fog Index and Flesch-Kincaid Grade. Data extracted from the PILs were divided into 8 predefined qualitative themes for analysis in NVivo11. Results PILs from 33 studies were included. Most of the patient information leaflets were ranked as ‘fairly easy to read’ or ‘difficult to read’ according to the Flesch Reading Ease scale. All studies presented information about adverse events, whereas only a third presented information about intervention benefits. Where intervention or study benefits were presented, they were usually after adverse events (21/33 64%). Discussion Participant information leaflets scored poorly on ease of readability and had more content relating to adverse effects than any potential beneficial effects. The way in which adverse events were presented was heterogeneous in terms of their likelihood and severity and the amount and level of detail provided. In comparison to the adverse effects, potential benefits from the intervention and/or study were described less often and by shorter text. Participants were commonly presented with adverse effects ahead of any potential benefits.
Primary small intestinal epithelioid angiosarcoma: a potential diagnostic pitfall due to abnormal expression of cytokeratin
Authors: yuanyuan wen , Fang Sangao , Zheng Zhen , Qian Liyong , jianguo wei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary small intestinal epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS) is a very rare tumor, which originates from endothelial cell with high mortality. Only 66 cases of small intestinal angiosarcoma including primary or metastatic were reported in the current literature. Histologically, hemangiosarcoma with epithelioid cell morphology is more rare, so we report a case of EAS which is easily misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated carcinoma. We also reviewed the literature about small intestinal angiosarcoma.Case presentation: The patient was a 60-year-old man, who initially presented black stool with no obvious inducement for 7 days, gradually feeling dizzy and fatigue for 3 days. Abdominal CT showed that the intestinal wall of the upper jejunum was thickened near the duodenum. After enhancement, the intestinal wall could be enhanced evenly. With the time going on, the contrast media could be concentrated gradually, and the active hemorrhage was considered. Enteroscopy revealed a 30 mm × 20 mm red polypoid mass in the jejunum. A biopsy of polypoid mass exhibited malignant tumor, histopathology considered poorly differentiated cancer. The patient subsequently underwent resection of the jejunal neoplasm. Immunohistochemistry vascular markers and cytokeratin were postive，but C-MYC protein was negative, and showed no amplification of C-MYC gene by Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）. The histopathology with immunohistochemical and FISH studies confirmed the diagnosis of primary small intestinal EAS. 24 months after surgery, the patient had no evidence of recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion: Primary small intestinal EAS is a rare malignancy of endothelial origin with uncertain etiology and often has a poor prognosis.The abnormal cytokeratin expression in epithelioid angiosarcomas represents a potential diagnostic pitfall for pathologists. FISH detection of C-MYC gene amplification may have some value in the diagnosis of primary or metastatic small intestinal AS.An accurate pathological diagnosis relies on histopathology with immunohistochemical stains of endothelial markers. Surgical resection remains the best treatment option for small intestinal angiosarcoma.
Identification of HPV16 in suspected cases of cervical lesions and docking Study of its L1 protein with some natural inhibitors.
Authors: Lukman Yusuf , Bala Doro Aliyu , Malik Kabir Imam , Saidu Abdulkadir , Kumurya Abdulhadi Sale , Abubakar Bala jamilu , Abubakar Aliyu Isah 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes sexually transmitted diseases. Among several types of HPV variants, HPV 16 is listed as a high-risk group, the primary cervical cancer etiologic agent, which causes life-threatening disease among women worldwide. The presence of L1, E6 and E7 encoded oncoproteins are largely responsible for virulence and pathogenicity that leads to cervical lesions. This menace is required to be curbed by designing an anti-cancerous drugs. The protein receptor-inhibitor interaction adopted using in silico analysis is very important in drug designing. It was the objective of this study to identify HPV16 isolates from suspected cases of cervical cancer at SH Sokoto and SYMH Birnin Kebbi hospitals and also to identify potent HPV16’s L1 protein inhibitor using in silico analysis of Echinacoside, curcumin and Cichoric acid against the viral protein. Methods A total of 140 cervical smear samples consisting of 21 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 6 high grade lesion and 117 negative pap smears were collected. The samples were subjected for molecular detection using PCR targeting E6 and L1 genes of the virus. Positive samples were sequenced using Sanger sequencing platform. All the sequencing data were analysed using bioedit software while data generated for the molecular prevalence was statistically analyzed using Chi-square. A comprehensive HPV L1 protein homology model was designed to predict the L1 protein interaction mechanism with natural inhibitory molecules using a structural drug design approach. AutoDock Vina was used to carry out the molecular docking. Results Out of the 140 samples, 24 samples were positive for the PCR representing 16.7% molecular prevalence rate. There is statistically significant association between cyto-diagnoses and presence of HPV16 ( P ˂0.05). The highest prevalence rate of 12(50% of positive sample) was recorded among women between 30-39 years old. Docking analysis showed that the Chicoric acid components of Echinacea purpurae have strong binding affinity to the L1 protein of the HPV. Conclusion This study provides data on HPV 16 epidemiology in northern Nigeria, High-risk type 16 HPV variant was identified and also provides novel evidence for consideration on certain interacting residues, when synthesizing Anti-HPV compounds in the wet lab.
A Perturbation Platform System for Balance Testing and Rehabilitation Interventions
Authors: Pew Corey , Sadeh Soroosh , Neptune Richard R. , Hsiao Hao-Yuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Falling is a leading cause of injury and death in the United States. Researchers and clinicians strive to identify and rehabilitate those at risk of falling in order to mitigate the impact of fall events and prevent future falls. Recently, perturbation-based balance testing and interventions have received increased attention, partly because reactive postural control responses triggered by perturbations are important for balance recovery during actual falls. However, current systems are limited by the need for multiple individuals to operate the device, downtime between trials to reset the perturbation and/or single mode functionality. To this end, we have developed a Perturbation Platform System that can induce perturbations in both vertical and angled directions. Results The system consists of two box platforms that can individually perform straight (25.4 mm, 50.8 mm and 76.2 mm) and angled (5°, 10°, and 15°) height changes while an individual is standing or walking overground. In addition, the system can automatically reset to the original position following perturbation. The platform achieves peak downward accelerations of 5.41 m/s2 during drop events that simulate sudden changes in foot-contact surfaces. Conclusions The novel system can be used in a laboratory setting to better understand balance response and control mechanisms. In addition, this portable system can be used in a clinical or home setting to provide perturbation-based balance exercises that aim to improve balance and mobility.