bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of sexual desire in opiate-dependent men receiving methadone and buprenorphine maintenance treatment
Authors: Yee Anne , Loh Huai Seng , Loh Huai Heng , Riahi Shahrzad , Ng Chong Guan , Sulaiman Ahmad Hatim bin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMethadone is an effective therapy for opiate dependence. However, one of the commonest side effects is sexual dysfunction among male patients. Buprenorphine is an alternative to methadone. This study aimed to compare sexual desire among opiate-dependent male patients on buprenorphine (BMT) and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT).MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 126 male opiate-dependent patient who were tested for total testosterone (TT) and prolactin levels, and were interviewed and completed the Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2), Malay language of International Index of Erectile Function (Mal-IIEF-15) and the Malay version of the self-rated Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-BM) questionnaires.ResultsThere were 95 (75.4%) patients on MMT and 31 (24.6%) on BMT. Patients on MMT scored significantly lower in the sexual desire domain (Mal-IIEF-15 scores) (p < 0.01), dyadic sexual desire (p = 0.04) and TT plasma level (p < 0.01) when compared to BMT group after controlling all the confounders.ConclusionsPatients on MMT are associated with lower sexual desire when compared with patients on BMT. Smoking may further lower testosterone and, hence, sexual desire in those already on methadone.
Clinicopathologic and microenvironmental analysis of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: a 26 year experience from an academic medical center in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Cristiane Rúbia , Zhao Shuchun , Sanches José Antonio , Miyashiro Denis , Cury-Martins Jade , Azevedo Raymundo Soares , Zerbini Maria C. N. , Natkunam Yasodha , Gratzinger Dita 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (pc-CD30-LPD) are a group of clonal T cell lymphoproliferative disorders that despite very similar tumor histology follow different and characteristic clinical courses, suggesting a homeostatic role of the tumor microenvironment. Little is known about tumor microenvironment and there is almost no literature about PD-L1 expression in pc-CD30-LPD.

Methods
This retrospective study presents a fully clinicopathologically characterized series of pc-CD30-LPDs from an academic medical center in Brazil, including 8 lymphomatoid papulomatosis (LyP), 9 primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and 4 borderline lesions. All the cases were scored for FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (Treg) and CD8+ cytotoxic tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) densities, as well as PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and tissue associated macrophages. The CD8+/FOXP3+ ratio was also evaluated.

Results
Among the 21 cases of pc-CD30-LPD, PD-L1 expression is frequent in both tumor cells and tissue associated macrophages in pc-CD30-LPD across categories, suggesting that the PD-L1 axis may be a common feature of pc-CD30-LPDs. While reactive T cell infiltrates vary widely from case to case, a common feature across pc-CD30-LPDs is higher density of CD8 than FOXP3 + T cells. The distribution of T cells within the lesions however differed between LyP and pcALCL: we found that LyP lesions tend to be permeated by CD8+ and FOXP3+ T cells, whereas pcALCL tend to be surrounded by a rim of CD8+ TIL and FOXP3+ Tregs with relatively lower density infiltrates in the center of the lesion.

Conclusions
LyP has a trend to have denser immune cells throughout the lesion, with higher FOXP3+ Treg and CD8+ TIL in the center than the edge comparing with pcALCL. PD-L1+ is frequent in tumor cells and tissue associated macrophages in pc-CD30-LPD. The differential distribution of CD8+ and FOXP3+ TILs in LyP as compared to pcALCL could provide a clue to the relapsing/remitting course of LyP as compared to the less frequent spontaneous regression of pcALCL.
Assessing plant performance in the Enviratron
Authors: Bao Yin , Zarecor Scott , Shah Dylan , Tuel Taylor , Campbell Darwin A. , Chapman Antony V. E. , Imberti David , Kiekhaefer Daniel , Imberti Henry , Lübberstedt Thomas , Yin Yanhai , Nettleton Dan , Lawrence-Dill Carolyn J. , Whitham Steven A. , Tang Lie , Howell Stephen H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAssessing the impact of the environment on plant performance requires growing plants under controlled environmental conditions. Plant phenotypes are a product of genotype × environment (G × E), and the Enviratron at Iowa State University is a facility for testing under controlled conditions the effects of the environment on plant growth and development. Crop plants (including maize) can be grown to maturity in the Enviratron, and the performance of plants under different environmental conditions can be monitored 24 h per day, 7 days per week throughout the growth cycle.ResultsThe Enviratron is an array of custom-designed plant growth chambers that simulate different environmental conditions coupled with precise sensor-based phenotypic measurements carried out by a robotic rover. The rover has workflow instructions to periodically visit plants growing in the different chambers where it measures various growth and physiological parameters. The rover consists of an unmanned ground vehicle, an industrial robotic arm and an array of sensors including RGB, visible and near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral, thermal, and time-of-flight (ToF) cameras, laser profilometer and pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometer. The sensors are autonomously positioned for detecting leaves in the plant canopy, collecting various physiological measurements based on computer vision algorithms and planning motion via “eye-in-hand” movement control of the robotic arm. In particular, the automated leaf probing function that allows the precise placement of sensor probes on leaf surfaces presents a unique advantage of the Enviratron system over other types of plant phenotyping systems.ConclusionsThe Enviratron offers a new level of control over plant growth parameters and optimizes positioning and timing of sensor-based phenotypic measurements. Plant phenotypes in the Enviratron are measured in situ—in that the rover takes sensors to the plants rather than moving plants to the sensors.
Critique of the concept of motivation and its implications for healthcare practices
Authors: Sampaio Leonardo Augusto Negreiros Parente , de Carvalho Mesquita Ayres José Ricardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMotivation is a crucial and widespread theme within medicine. From clinical to surgical scenarios, acquiescence in taking a pill or coming to a consultation is imperative for medical treatment to thrive. The “decade of the brain” gave practitioners substantial neuroscientific data on human behavior, helped to explain why people do what they do and created the concept of “motivated brain”. Findings from empirical psychology stratified motivation into stages of change, which became more complex over the decades. This research seeks to improve the understanding of how people make decisions about their health, and how to better understand strategies and techniques to help them resolve ambivalence in an effective goal-oriented way.MethodsWe establish a dialogue with Ricoeur’s phenomenology of the will in order to understand the meaning of these scientific findings. Starting from Husserlian phenomenology, Paul Ricoeur developed his thoughts away from transcendental idealism, through emancipating the intentional structures of the will from the realm of perception.ResultsThrough introducing the concepts of the voluntary and the involuntary, Ricoeur deviated from Cartesian dualism, which renders the body as an object body, a target of natural vicissitudes. The new dualism of the voluntary and the involuntary is dealt with by reference to what Ricoeur called the central mystery of incarnate existence, which considers man “double inhumanity, simple invitality”. This duality makes it possible to consider the brain to be the natural organ of behavior in the human body, and to use empirical psychology as a path to escape from shallow subjectivations of concepts.ConclusionsPaul Ricoeur’s simplicity (or unity) of existence provides an invitation for medicine to rethink some of its philosophical assumptions, such that patients can be considered to be autonomous subjects with authorial life projects. Ricoeurian anthropology has a deep ethical impact on how medicine should use technology, which arises from empirical psychology findings. The usage of this new knowledge also needs to be thoroughly inspected, since it shifts the social role of medical science.
Association between cam-type femoroacetabular impingement and osteitis pubis in non-athletic population on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Akgün Ayşe Serap , Agirman Mehmet 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundOsteitis pubis (OP) is a common source of groin and extra-articular hip pain and is associated with intra-articular hip pathology. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of osteitis pubis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in non-athletic patients with cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 178 subjects: 90 patients with cam-type FAI diagnosed by MRI and 88 subjects used as a control group. Additionally, their MRI data were analyzed for the characteristics of osteitis pubis, with severity graded from minimal to severe on a four-point scale.ResultsA total of 98 patients and 88 controls were studied. Seventy-two males (80%) and 18 females (20%) were the patient group, whereas 71 males (80.68%) and 17 females (19.32%) were the control group. The mean alpha angle of the patients with FAI was 65.8 ± 3.3° in the right side and 66.2 ± 3.2° in the left side, whereas in the control group, it was 47 ± 5.6° in the right side and 47.8 ± 5.2° in the left side. Alpha angle measurements were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (p < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of osteitis pubis was found in patients with cam-type FAI (45.56%) compared to control subjects (5.68%) (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the frequency of osteitis pubis was increased in non-athletic patients with FAI syndrome. Further studies are required to determine whether these findings reflect the clinical symptoms in patients with hip pain.
Clinical results and surgery tactics of spinal osteotomy for ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis: experience of 428 patients
Authors: Xin Zhijun , Zheng Guoquan , Huang Peng , Zhang Xuesong , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo report the clinical results and surgical tactics of spinal osteotomy for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) kyphosis based on the experiences of 428 patients.MethodsFrom January 2003 to January 2015, a total of 428 patients suffering from AS kyphosis who underwent a one- or two-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) or vertebral column decancellation (VCD) osteotomy in our hospital were reviewed. Pre- and postoperative radiological parameters and the chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA) were measured. Intraoperative, postoperative, and general complications were recorded.ResultsAll patients could walk with horizontal vision and lie on their backs postoperatively. The pre- and postoperative average global kyphosis (GK) angles were corrected from 82.6 to 12.7° (p = 0.000) in the two-level group and from 55.8 to 9.6° (p = 0.000) in the one-level group, respectively. The mean sagittal vertical axis (SVA) improved from 29.4 to 8 cm (p = 0.000) in the two-level group and from 18.0 to 4.3 cm (p = 0.000) in the one-level group. The CBVA improved from 68.3 to 8.2° (p = 0.000) in the two-level group and from 46.2 to 4.2° (p = 0.000) in the one-level group. Although no major acute complications such as death or complete paralysis occurred, the complication rate was 6.5% in the one-level group and 23.6% in the two-level group.ConclusionSpinal osteotomy, such as PSO and VCD, can improve the quality of life of AS patients as well as correct kyphotic deformities. The one-level spinal osteotomy showed a lower complication rate, while two-level spinal osteotomy was a relatively aggressive procedure that was more suitable in correcting severe AS kyphotic deformities.
Influence of bone density on morphologic cement penetration in minimally invasive tibial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: an in vitro cadaver study
Authors: Scheele Christian B. , Pietschmann Matthias F. , Schröder Christian , Lazic Igor , Grupp Thomas M. , Müller Peter E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundUnicompartmental knee arthroplasty is an established treatment option for anteromedial osteoarthritis. However, large registry studies report higher rates of aseptic loosening compared to total knee arthroplasty. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of bone density on morphological cement penetration. Moreover, an alternative regional bone density measuring technique was validated against the established bone mineral density assessment.MethodsComponents were implanted on the medial side of 18 fresh-frozen cadaver knees using a minimally invasive approach. Bone density has been quantified prior to implantation using Hounsfield units and bone mineral density. Morphological cement penetration has been assessed in different areas and was correlated with local bone density.FindingsA highly significant correlation between Hounsfield units and trabecular bone mineral density was detected (r = 0.93;P < 0.0001), and local bone density was significantly increased in the anterior and posterior area (P = 0.0003). The mean cement penetration depth was 1.5 (SD 0.5 mm), and cement intrusion into trabecular bone was interrupted in 31.8% (SD 23.7%) of the bone-cement interface. Bone density was correlated significantly negative with penetration depth (r = − 0.31;P = 0.023) and positive with interruptions of horizontal interdigitating (r = + 0.33;P = 0.014). Cement penetration around the anchoring peg was not significantly correlated with bone density.InterpretationAreas with high bone density were characterized by significantly lower penetration depths and significantly higher areas without cement penetration. Anchoring pegs facilitate cement intrusion mechanically. Regional quantification of bone density using Hounsfield units is a simple but valuable extension to the established determination of bone mineral density.
The risk factors for postoperative cerebral complications in patients with Stanford type a aortic dissection
Authors: Lin Yong , Chen Mei-Fang , Zhang Hui , Li Ruo-Meng , Chen Liang-Wan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Postoperative cerebral complications (PCC) are common and serious postoperative complications for patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection (AAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for PCC in these patients and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention of PCC.

Methods
In this retrospective case-control study, 125 patients with AAD who underwent thoracotomy in our department from October 2017 to October 2018 in the department of cardiovascular surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were divided into two groups: patients with PCC (n = 12), and patients without PCC (n = 113). The general clinical data, the types of corrective surgeries, the intraoperative situations, the postoperative complications, and the midterm outcomes of the patients were analyzed.

Results
The patients with PCC were significantly older than the patients without PCC (P = 0.016), and the incidence of the preoperative cerebral disease history in the patients with PCC was significantly higher than those of the PCC (−) group (P = 0.024). The Euro SCORE II of patients with PCC was dramatically higher than the patients without PCC (P = 0.005). There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (P = 0.010) and the length of moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA) combined with selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) (P = 0.000). The monitoring of rcSO2 indicated that there was significant difference between the two groups in terms of the bilateral baseline (P = 0.000). Patients with PCC were observed to have experienced significantly longer intubation times (P = 0.000), ICU stays (P = 0.001), and postoperative hospital stays (P = 0.009), and they also had dramatically higher rates of pulmonary infection (P = 0.000), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (P = 0.041) and tracheotomy (P = 0.022) after surgeries. The duration of MHCA+SCP (OR:9.009, P = 0.034) and the average baseline value of rcSO2 (OR:0.080, P = 0.009) were ultimately identified as significant risk factors.

Conclusions
PCC has a serious influence on the prognoses of patients following surgical treatment with AAD. The duration of MHCA+SCP and the average baseline value of rcSO2 were the independent risk factors for PCC.
A placebo-controlled trial of folic acid and betaine in identical twins with Angelman syndrome
Authors: Han Julia , Bichell Terry Jo , Golden Stephanie , Anselm Irina , Waisbren Susan , Bacino Carlos A. , Peters Sarika U. , Bird Lynne M. , Kimonis Virginia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is caused by maternal genetic deficiency of a gene that encodes E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase (gene symbol UBE3A) mapping to chromosome 15q11-q13. AS leads to stiff and jerky gait, excess laughter, seizures, and severe intellectual disability. In some parts of the brain, the paternally inherited UBE3A gene is subject to genomic imprinting by the action of the UBE3A-antisense transcript (UBE3A-ATS) on the paternally inherited allele. Consequently, only the maternally inherited UBE3A gene is expressed in mature neurons. AS occurs due to deletions of the maternal 15q11 − 13 region, paternal uniparental disomy (UPD), imprinting center defects, mutations in the maternal UBE3A gene, or other unknown genetic malfunctions that result in a silenced maternal UBE3A gene in the specific imprinted regions of the brain.

Results
A potential treatment strategy for AS is to increase methylation of UBE3A-ATS to promote expression of the paternal UBE3A gene and thus ameliorate the clinical phenotypes of AS. We treated two sets of male identical twins with class I deletions with a 1 year treatment trial of either betaine and folic acid versus placebo. We found no statistically significant changes in the clinical parameters tested at the end of the 1 year trial, nor did we find any significant adverse events.

Conclusions
This study tested the hypothesis that by increasing the methylation of the UBE3A-antisense transcript in Angelman syndrome to promote expression of the silenced paternal UBE3A gene we may ameliorate the clinical phenotypes of AS. We treated two sets of identical twins with placebo versus betaine and folic acid. Although this study represented a novel approach to treating Angelman syndrome, the differences in the developmental testing results was not significant. This paper also discusses the value of monozygotic twin studies in minimizing confounding variables and its utility in conducting small treatment studies.

Trial registration
NCT00348933. Registered 6 July 2006.
Targeting tauopathy with engineered tau-degrading intrabodies
Authors: Gallardo Gilbert , Wong Connie H. , Ricardez Sara M. , Mann Carolyn N. , Lin Kent H. , Leyns Cheryl E. G. , Jiang Hong , Holtzman David M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The accumulation of pathological tau is the main component of neurofibrillary tangles and other tau aggregates in several neurodegenerative diseases, referred to as tauopathies. Recently, immunotherapeutic approaches targeting tau have been demonstrated to be beneficial in decreasing tauopathy in animal models. We previously found that passive immunotherapy with anti-tau antibody to human tau or expression of an anti-tau secreted single-chain variable fragment (scFv) in the central nervous system of a mouse model of tauopathy decreased but did not remove all tau-associated pathology. Although these and other studies demonstrate that conventional immunotherapeutic approaches targeting tau can influence tau pathogenesis, the majority of pathological tau remains in the cytosol of cells, not typically accessible to an extracellular antibody. Therefore, we reasoned targeting intracellular tau might be more efficacious in preventing or decreasing tauopathy.

Methods
By utilizing our anti-tau scFv, we generated anti-tau intrabodies for the expression in the cytosol of neurons. To enhance the degradation capacity of conventional intrabodies, we engineered chimeric anti-tau intrabodies fused to ubiquitin harboring distinct mutations that shuttle intracellular tau for either the proteasome or lysosomal mediated degradation. To evaluate the efficacy in delaying or eliminating tauopathy, we expressed our tau degrading intrabodies or controls in human tau transgenic mice by adeno-associated virus prior to overt tau pathology and after tau deposition.

Results
Our results demonstrate, the expression of chimeric anti-tau intrabodies significantly reduce tau protein levels in primary neuronal cultures expression human tau relative to a non-modified anti-tau intrabody. We found the expression of engineered tau-degrading intrabodies destined for proteasomal-mediated degradation are more effective in delaying or eliminating tauopathy than a conventional intrabody in aged human tau transgenic mice.

Conclusion
This study, harnesses the strength of intrabodies that are amendable for targeting specific domains or modifications with the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that regulate protein degradation providing a new immunotherapeutic approach with potentially improved efficacy.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children seeking psychiatric services in the Nile Delta region: an observational retrospective study
Authors: Seleem Mohammad A. , Amer Reham A. , Romeh Amr H. , Hamoda Hesham M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies, describing both community and clinical samples of youth in need for psychiatric help, are rare in the middle east. To our knowledge, this is the first study that aims to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of a sample of children suffering from emotional and behavioral problems seeking psychiatric services in the Nile Delta region and the largest clinical sample to date in Egypt.MethodsThe files of all new cases who presented for care in the outpatient service for children and adolescents between August 2016 and July 2018 were reviewed. Ninety-six files were excluded due to missing data while another 18 files were found to be for adults (ages > 18 years old), so the sample included 886 cases.ResultsThe ages of our sample (n = 886) ranged from 18 months to 18 years with an average of 7.5 (± 3.8) years. Most of our cases were male, school aged children, living within low-income households and predominantly coming from rural areas. The most common diagnoses were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (22.6%), intellectual disability (ID) (13.7%), depressive disorders (13.3%), and disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) (12.3%). Strong protective effects were found for family integrity and stability. Corporal punishment and physical and sexual abuse were noted to be significant risk factors for internalizing and externalizing disorders in children and adolescents.ConclusionsExcept for males being a majority in our sample of children seeking psychiatric consultation, demographic patterns and prevalence of psychiatric disorders are comparable to other tertiary clinical samples in other parts of the world.