bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ag/GaN hybrid nanostructures for optoelectronics applications
Authors: Upadhyaya Kishor , Ayachit Narasimha , Shivaprasad S. M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A hybrid system consisting of Ag nanoparticles dispersed on GaN nanowall network (GaN NWN) exhibits its characteristic optical properties and electronic band structure. XPS studies of this system reveal the presence of a high density of surface charge carriers due to charge transfer between the conduction bands of GaN and Ag. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectrocopy (SERS) studies show that these surface modifications increase the density of hot spots and result in an enhanced Raman signal with an enhancement factor of 107 and limit of detection of 10−10 M. Role of the optoelectronic properties of the substrate on the enhancement of SERS signal has been discussed.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from H2S using Nanostructured CNT blended CdZnS/Fe2O3Thin Film on Glass Substrate
Authors: Raja M. Anthony , Preethi V , Pal Yash , Nalajala Naresh , Gopinath Chinnakonda S 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA co-precipitation method was employed to prepare the CNT blended CdZnS/Fe2O3photocatalyst. Using the powder photocatalyst, the thin film of CNT blended CdZnS/Fe2O3photocatalyst over a glass substrate was prepared using the drop-casting method. The obtained thin film was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), photoluminescence (PL), and hydrogen production activity studies in order to obtain information on their structural, morphology, chemical composition, optical and hydrogen production efficiency. The hydrogen production activity of catalyst or effective conversion of H2S into hydrogen (H2) and sulfur (S) using thin-film photocatalyst was evaluated using a simulated sulfide solution. The results showed that 1 mg of CNT blended CdZnS/Fe2O3catalyst coated as thin film over glass substrate (4.69 cm2) showed the highest hydrogen production value of 3180 μmol h−1g−1; compared to that of 1 mg CNT blended CdZnS/Fe2O3powder of 2510 μmol h−1g−1. From the above results, it is concluded that the thin film form of photocatlyst produced more hydrogen than the powder form. This is attributed to the effective charge separation and increased specific surface area in thin film photocatalyst.
Effect of lithium fraction fLi on glass transition temperature Tg and ionic conductivity σ of lithium borosilicotitanate glasses
Authors: Satpute N S , Deshpande A V , Raut V D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Three different lithium borosilicate glass systems with TiO2 addition have been synthesized by melt quenching technique. The XRD was done for all glass samples to confirm their amorphous nature. Electrical conductivity (σ) of these glasses has been studied by dielectric impedance analyzer as a function of frequency at different temperatures in the range 480 to 650 K. Glass transition temperature Tg for the glasses has been determined by using DTA. The density of all glass samples has been determined. It has been observed that the electrical conductivity increases with increasing content of TiO2 which can be attributed to the modification of the structure by the addition of larger titanium ions. It is observed that higher lithium fraction fLi content glass series has highest conductivity. A good correlation is observed between the ionic conductivity, glass transition temperature and lithium fraction of the glasses. The analysis of IR spectra reveals the presence of Ti ions in tetrahedral TiO4 units as well as creation of NBOs, which supports the conductivity results.
Study of GEM-based detectors spatial resolution
Authors: Kudryavtsev V N , Maltsev T V , Shekhtman L I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based coordinate detectors are used at different high energy physics centres and at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics particularly. These detectors possess a spatial resolution in ten micron scale together with high rate capability up to 107
cm
−2
s
−1. Thus, the precise investigation of best possible spatial resolution, achieved with GEM-detectors, is the subject of interest. The experimental data, accumulated by the moment, gives the possibility to compare it with the simulation results. The simulation of applied detector configurations includes transport of electrons through the detector and tracking of avalanche evolution inside the working volume, as well as obtaining signal distribution on the readout strips. The spatial resolution, obtained in the simulation of an individual detector, is found to be essentially better (the difference is about two standard deviations) than the experimental results. Further efforts to find out the reasons of the contradiction between the simulation and measurements were made. In particular, the simulation of complete experimental set-up (including tracking detectors) was performed. The results of individual detector simulation and the simulation of complete set-up were determined to generally coincide.
Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC
Authors: Chatterjee C. , Cicala G. , Cicuttin A. , Ciliberti P. , Crespo M.L. , Dalla Torre S. , Dasgupta S. , Gregori M. , Levorato S. , Menon G. , Tessarotto F. , Triloki  , Valentini A. , Velardi L. , Zhao Y. X. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The design of a Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detector for the identification of high momentum particles at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is extremely challenging by using current technology. Compact collider setups impose to construct RICH with short radiator length, hence limiting the number of generated photons. The number of detected photons can be increased by selecting the far UV region. As standard fused-silica windows is opaque below 165 nm, a windowless RICH can be a possible approach. CsI is widely used photocathode (PC) for photon detection in the far UV range. Due to its hygroscopic nature it is very delicate to handle. In addition, its Quantum Effciency (QE) degrades in high intensity ion fluxes. These are the key reasons to quest for novel PC with sensitivity in the far UV region. Recent development of layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond powders as an alternative PC material and their performance, when coupled to the THick Gaseous Electron Multipliers (THGEM)-based detectors, are the objects of an ongoing R&D. We report here some preliminary results on the initial phase of these studies.
Picosecond timing detectors and applications
Authors: Va’vra J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Detector examples discussed: MRPCs, MCP-PMTs, Diamond detectors, SiPMTs, Low and high gain Avalanche diodes (LGADs) and Micromegas. We specifically discuss issues such as single pixel vs. multi-pixel tests, small test vs. large physics system results and hidden problems people usually do not want to talk about.
Diamond-Like Carbon for the Fast Timing MPGD
Authors: Colaleo A. , De Robertis G. , Licciulli F. , Maggi M. , Ranieri A. , Simone F. , Valentini A. , Venditti R. , Verwilligen P. , Cesaria M. , Calcagnile L. , Caricato A.P. , Di Giulio M. , Lorusso A. , Manno D. , Martino M. , Perrone A. , Quarta G. , Serra A. , Ressegotti M. , Riccardi C. , Salvini P. , Vitulo P. , Vai I. , Roskas C. , Tytgat M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present generation of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) are radiation hard detectors, capable of detecting effciently particle rates of several MHz/cm2, while exhibiting good spatial resolution (≤ 50 µm) and modest time resolution of 5-10 ns, which satisfies the current generation of experiments (High Luminosity LHC upgrades of CMS and ATLAS) but it is not sufficient for bunch crossing identification of fast timing systems at FCC-hh. Thanks to the application of thin resistive films such as Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) a new detector concept was conceived: Fast Timing MPGD (FTM). In the FTM the drift volume of the detector has been divided in several layers each with their own amplification structure. The use of resistive electrodes makes the entire structure transparent for electrical signals. After some first initial encouraging results, progress has been slowed down due to problems with the wet-etching of DLC-coated polyimide foils. To solve these problems a more in-depth knowledge of the internal stress of the DLC together with the DLC-polyimide adhesion is required. We will report on the production of DLC films produced in Italy with Ion Beam Sputtering and Pulsed Laser Deposition, where we are searching to improve the adhesion of the thin DLC films, combined with a very high uniformity of the resistivity values.
A numerical investigation on the track distortion at the Micromegas based LPTPC endplate
Authors: Bhattacharya D S , Bhattacharya P , Mukhopadhyay S , Majumdar N , Bhattacharya S , Sarkar S , Colas P , Attié D , Ganjour S , Bhattacharya A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The R&D activities for the Linear Collider TPC (LCTPC) are currently focused on the adoption of the Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs). Different MPGD modules which are commissioned on the endplate of a Large Prototype TPC (LPTPC) at DESY, were tested with a 5 GeV electron beam, under a 1 T magnetic field. During the tests, reduced signal sensitivity as well as distortion in the reconstructed track, were observed at the boundary of these modules.
We have numerically investigated the origin of the track distortions observed close to the edges of the Micromegas modules. The study clearly shows that the electric field non-uniformity near the inter-modular gaps is responsible for such track distortion. We have been able to simulate the observed patterns and magnitudes of distortion successfully. The obtained agreements with 2015 beam test data encourage us to continue with the study and, to propose module design modifications that can alleviate the problem of electrostatic field distortion at the module boundaries.
Ion detector for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry based on low-pressure TPC with THGEM readout
Authors: Bondar A , Buzulutskov A , Frolov E , Parkhomchuk V , Petrozhitskiy A , Shakirova T , Sokolov A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A new technique for ion identification in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) has been proposed by measuring the ion track ranges using a low-pressure TPC. As a proof of principle, a low-pressure TPC with charge readout using a THGEM multiplier was developed. The tracks of alpha particles from various radioactive sources were successfully recorded in the TPC. The track ranges were measured with a high accuracy, reaching the 2% resolution level. Using these results and the SRIM code simulation, it is shown that the isobaric boron and beryllium ions can be effectively separated at ten sigma level. It is expected that this technique will be applied in the AMS facility in Novosibirsk for dating geological objects, in particular for the geochronology of Cenozoic Era.
Small-pad Resistive Micromegas: Comparison of patterned embedded resistors and DLC based spark protection systems.
Authors: Iodice M. , Alviggi M. , Camerlingo M.T. , Canale V. , Della Pietra M. , Di Donato C. , Iengo P. , Petrucci F. , Sekhniaidze G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present the development of resistive Micromegas aiming at operation under high rates, up to tens MHz/cm2, focusing on the optimisation of the spark protection resistive layer and the miniaturisation of the readout elements. Several Micromegas detectors have been built with an anode plane matrix of 48x16 rectangular readout pads, each pad 0.8x2.8 mm2. The detectors differ for the spark protection resistive schemes being realised with the following techniques: a pad-patterned embedded resistor by screen printing, and uniform DLC (Diamond Like Carbon structure) layers.
Characterisation and performance studies of the detectors have been carried out by means of radioactive sources, X-Rays, and test beam. A comparison of the performance obtained with the different resistive layouts is presented, in particular focusing on the response under high irradiation and high rate exposure.
Study of Charge-Up Processes in Gas Electron Multipliers
Authors: Hauer P , Urban S , Flöthner K , Ball M , Ketzer B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
GEM foils are known to collect charged particles on the polyimide part in its holes during the amplification process. This is accompanied by a change of the effective gain. The effect is commonly known as the “charge-up effect”.
In order to study this effect, two complementary approaches were chosen. On the one hand, the effect is studied in an iterative simulation that is based on a finite element calculation of the electrostatic environment and Garfield++ which microscopically tracks charged particles. On the other hand, a dedicated test-detector was setup with a single GEM as an amplification stage. In this study, a special focus lies on the different GEM geometries, i.e. the difference between double-conical and single-conical GEMs.
A quantitative comparison between simulated and measured values will be given. It can be concluded that the typical time-constant of the gain increase is in the order of 1 × 106 initial electrons per hole. For the specific case of a single-conical GEM, it can be shown that the orientation (tapered side pointing upwards or downwards) determines whether the gain increases or decreases.
Test Beam Results and Performance Studies of ATLAS Micromegas Production Modules
Authors: Scholer Patrick 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The LHC at CERN plans to have a series of upgrades to increase its instantaneous luminosity up to 7.5 × 1034 cm−2·s−1. The ATLAS experiment will upgrade its inner end-cap muon chambers to cope with the increased collision rate expected from the High-Luminosity-LHC. This project, called New Small Wheel, includes resistive Micromegas chambers together with small-strip Thin Gap Chambers, forming a system of ˜2.4 million readout channels in total. This is the first time that Micromegas detectors are built in such a large scale. In total, 128 Micromegas modules up to 3 m2 in size, will be produced in different sites spread across Europe, targetting for an installation at the end of the Long Shutdown 2 of the LHC. One of the first series modules, equipped with a prototype of the final front-end electronics based on the VMM chip, was tested in a muon/pion beam at the H8 beam line of SPS at CERN during the summer of 2018. We present the test setup and performance results, namely effciency and resolution, for perpendicular and inclined tracks. These studies were focused on determining the high voltage working point of the ATLAS Micromegas detectors. Studies with several gas mixtures were also carried out and will be presented.
Multifunctional slot antennas
Authors: Buyanov Yu I , Shipilov S E , Balzovsky E V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A variant of a broadband antenna is proposed, which can combine up to four antennas with different polarizations and operating frequencies in one design. The antenna is formed in the shape of an annular slot (annular magnetic current) excited at four points through a quarter of the slot perimeter. The characteristics of directivity and VSWR obtained as a result of numerical simulation using the 4NEC2 software product are presented.
Investigation of the influence of the electromagnetic interaction between volume bodies on the scattering field characteristics
Authors: Dmitrenko A G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Using the method of discrete sources, we solve the problem of scattering of an electromagnetic wave by a structure composed of two closely adjacent perfectly conducting triaxial ellipsoids. The solution was realized as a computer code. Using this code, we investigated the influence of the electromagnetic interaction of ellipsoids located at different distances on the scattering field characteristics. Some numerical results are presented.
Types of overvoltages in 10-35 kV distribution networks and modern methods and means of their limitation
Authors: Rybakov L M , Lastochkin S V , Kanjugin O I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The basis for the transmission of electrical energy from sources to receivers are overhead power lines 10-35 kV. In these networks, an isolated transmission line or transmission line, grounded through resistors or using arc-quenching reactors, is used. The Republic of Mari El uses networks with isolated transmission line, the total length of which is more than 7000 km. When operating distribution networks, their insulation is affected by a number of internal factors such as long-term operating voltage and voltage fluctuations, short-term overvoltages associated with arc closures, wire breaks, and insulation overlaps. These networks are located on an open area, so they are exposed to lightning overvoltages, temperature, wind loads (mechanical forces), precipitation (snow, humidity). Overvoltages occurring in electrical systems are one of the main factors that significantly affect the reliability of power supply. Despite the short-term effects, overvoltages are characterized by a high multiplicity with respect to the long-term operating voltage, the impact on all electrically connected elements of the system, regardless of the place of occurrence. Overvoltage is the main cause of defects and accelerated aging of structural components. Currently, 90 % of 10-35 kV overhead lines are made on the basis of the use of reinforced concrete structures of supports that require grounding devices, depending on the value of the soil resistivity. Highspeed vacuum circuit breakers are used as switching devices in modern distribution networks of 10-35 kV. The specific properties of vacuum as an arc-quenching medium contribute to the transients in their switching, which require scientific understanding.
Small-signal and noise GaAs pHEMT modeling for low noise amplifier design
Authors: Popov A A , Bilevich D V , Metel A A , Salnikov A S , Dobush I M , Goryainov A E , Kalentyev A A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Small-signal and noise GaAs pHEMT modeling techniques that include analytical extraction followed by optimization are demonstrated. The following measurement processing steps were carried out before the parameter extraction: de-embedding, data smoothing and selecting the bias mode appropriate for the extraction of parasitic resistances and inductances. A low-noise amplifier operating in 5G frequency band was designed using the resulting model. A comparison between simulation and measurements of noise factor and S-parameters of the obtained low-noise amplifier is presented.
Automatic device for testing thermal resistance with thermoelectric effect
Authors: Vasiliev I M , Soldatov A I , Dementiev A A , Soldatov A A , Abouellail A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the developed device for testing thermal resistance of thermointerface. Experiments to determine thermal resistance in different cases of thermal interface application were carried out. Dependence of thermoEMF value is obtained, which occurs between semiconductor element body and cooling system radiator at different quality of thermal interface application.
An ultra-wideband printed dipole antenna of the frequency range from 1 to 3 GHz with wide-angle scanning in the E-plane and low level of cross polarization
Authors: Gevorkyan A V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the design of the developed ultra-wideband printed dipole antenna. The frequency characteristics of the antennas for different values of the scanning angle in the E-plane are given. When scanning in the angle sector ±50° the operating frequency band of the antenna is in the frequency range from 1 to 3 GHz at the level of the VSWR less than 3. The realized gain is up to 1.5 dB and the antenna efficiency is more than 77%. The cross polarization of the realized gain at all values of the scanning angle is less than minus 27.5 dB.
g-tensor resonance in double quantum dots with site-dependent g-tensors
Authors: Mutter Philipp M , Burkard Guido 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pauli spin blockade (PSB) has long been an important tool for spin read-out in double quantum dot (DQD) systems with interdot tunneling t. In this paper we show that the blockade is lifted if the two dots experience distinct effective magnetic fields caused by site-dependent g-tensors g
L and g
R for the left and right dot, and that this effect can be more pronounced than the leakage current due to the spin–orbit interaction (SOI) via spin-flip tunneling and the hyperfine interaction (HFI) of the electron spin with the host nuclear spins. Using analytical results obtained in special parameter regimes, we show that information about both the out-of-plane and in-plane g-factors of the dots can be inferred from characteristic features of the magneto-transport curve. For a symmetric DQD, we predict a pronounced maximum in the leakage current at the characteristic out-of-plane magnetic field

B

*

=
t
/

μ

B

g

z

L

g

z

R

which we term the g-tensor resonance of the system. Moreover, we extend the results to contain the effects of strong SOI and argue that in this more general case the leakage current carries information about the g-tensor components and SOI of the system.
Moving more, ageing happy: findings from six low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Felez-Nobrega Mireia , Haro Josep Maria , Stubbs Brendon , Smith Lee , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
low levels of well-being (including happiness) in the older population are major global concern given rapid population ageing especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Physical activity may increase levels of happiness, but data on the older population are scarce, while there are no data from LMICs.

Objective
we investigated the relationship between physical activity and happiness, and the influential factors in this association among older adults employing nationally representative datasets from six LMICs.

Methods
community-based cross-sectional data from the Global Ageing and Adult Health study were analysed. Physical activity was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were grouped into those who do and do not meet physical activity recommendations. Happiness was assessed with a cross-culturally validated single-item question (range 0–4) with higher scores indicating higher levels of happiness. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed.

Results
the sample included 14,585 adults aged ≥65 years (mean age = 72.6 ± SD 11.4 years; 55% female). After adjusting for multiple confounders, meeting physical activity guidelines was positively associated with more happiness (fully adjusted model, odds ratio = 1.27; 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.54). The physical activity–happiness association was largely explained by difficulties in mobility, cognitive impairment, disability and social cohesion, which explained ≥20% of the association.

Conclusions
meeting recommended physical activity levels was positively linked with happiness in older adults from LMICs. Longitudinal and interventional studies among older people in LMICs are warranted to assess directionality and the potential for physical activity promotion to improve mental well-being in this population.