bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using B cell receptor lineage structures to predict affinity
Authors: Ralph Duncan K. , Matsen Frederick A. 
Published: November 2020

We are frequently faced with a large collection of antibodies, and want to select those with highest affinity for their cognate antigen. When developing a first-line therapeutic for a novel pathogen, for instance, we might look for such antibodies in patients that have recovered. There exist effective experimental methods of accomplishing this, such as cell sorting and baiting; however they are time consuming and expensive. Next generation sequencing of B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires offers an additional source of sequences that could be tapped if we had a reliable method of selecting those coding for the best antibodies. In this paper we introduce a method that uses evolutionary information from the family of related sequences that share a naive ancestor to predict the affinity of each resulting antibody for its antigen. When combined with information on the identity of the antigen, this method should provide a source of effective new antibodies. We also introduce a method for a related task: given an antibody of interest and its inferred ancestral lineage, which branches in the tree are likely to harbor key affinity-increasing mutations? We evaluate the performance of these methods on a wide variety of simulated samples, as well as two real data samples. These methods are implemented as part of continuing development of thepartisBCR inference package, available athttps://github.com/psathyrella/partis.CommentsPlease post comments or questions on this paper as new issues athttps://git.io/Jvxkn.
Motivational interviewing to support modifiable risk factor change in individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mifsud Justin Lee , Galea Joseph , Garside Joanne , Stephenson John , Astin Felicity 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundProgrammes using motivational interviewing show potential in facilitating lifestyle change, however this has not been well established and explored in individuals at risk of, yet without symptomatic pre-existent cardiovascular disease. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing in supporting modifiable risk factor change in individuals at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.MethodsSystematic review and meta-analysis with results were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Health-related databases were searched for randomised controlled trials from 1980 to March 2020. Criteria for inclusion included; preventive programmes, motivational interviewing principles, modification of cardiovascular risk factors in adults of both genders, different ethnicities and employment status, and having at least 1 or more modifiable cardiovascular risk factor/s. Two reviewers independently extracted data and conducted a quality appraisal of eligible studies using an adapted Cochrane framework. The Cochrane framework supports to systematically identify, appraise and synthesize all the empirical evidence that meets the pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a specific question.FindingsA total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. While completeness of intervention reporting was found to be adequate, the application of motivational interviewing was found to be insufficiently reported across all studies (mean overall reporting rate; 68%, 26% respectively). No statistical difference between groups in smoking status and physical activity was reported. A random effects analysis from 4 studies was conducted, this determined a synthesized estimate for standardised mean difference in weight of -2.00kg (95% CI -3.31 to -0.69 kg; p = 0.003), with high statistical heterogeneity. Pooled results from 4 studies determined a mean difference in LDL-c of -0.14mmol/l (5.414mg/dl), which was non-significant. The characteristics of interventions more likely to be effective were identified as: use of a blended approach delivered by a nurse expert in motivational interviewing from an outpatient-clinic. The application of affirmation, compassion and evocation, use of open questions, summarising, listening, supporting and raising ambivalence, combining education and barrier change identification with goal setting are also important intervention characteristics.ConclusionsWhile motivational interviewing may support individuals to modify their cardiovascular risk through lifestyle change, the effectiveness of this approach remains uncertain. The strengths and limitations of motivational interviewing need to be further explored through robust studies.
Risk assessment in patients with functional class II pulmonary arterial hypertension: Comparison of physician gestalt with ESC/ERS and the REVEAL 2.0 risk score
Authors: Sahay Sandeep , Tonelli Adriano R. , Selej Mona , Watson Zachary , Benza Raymond L. 
Published: November 2020

Background
Accurate and regular risk assessment is important for evaluation and treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients, including those with functional class (FC) II symptoms, a population considered at low risk for disease progression. Risk assessment methods include subjective and objective evaluations. Multiparametric assessments include tools based on the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society (ESC/ERS) guidelines (COMPERA and FPHR methods, respectively) and the Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL; REVEAL 2.0 tool). To better understand risk status determination in FC II patients, we compared physician-reported risk assessments with objective multiparameter assessment tools.

Methods
This retrospective chart analysis included PAH patients with FC II symptoms receiving monotherapy or dual therapy. Physicians were surveyed (via telephone) to obtain an assessment of patient risk using their typical methodology, which might have been informed by objective risk assessment. Patient risk was then calculated independently using COMPERA, FPHR and REVEAL 2.0 tools. Factors associated with incongruent risk assessment were identified.

Results
Of the 153 patients, 41%, 46%, and 13% were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk, respectively, by physicians. Concordance between physician gestalt and objective methods ranged from 43%–54%. Among patients considered as low risk by physician gestalt, 4%–28% were categorized as high risk using objective methods. The most common physician factor associated with incongruent risk assessment was less frequent echocardiography during follow-up (every 7–12 months vs. every 3 months; p = 0.01).

Conclusions
More than half of FC II PAH patients were classified as intermediate/high risk using objective multiparameter assessments. Incorporating objective risk-assessment algorithms into clinical practice may better inform risk assessment and treatment strategies.
Reproductive number of coronavirus: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on global level evidence
Authors: Billah Md. Arif , Miah Md. Mamun , Khan Md. Nuruzzaman 
Published: November 2020

Background
The coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) is now a global concern because of its higher transmission capacity and associated adverse consequences including death. The reproductive number of coronavirus provides an estimate of the possible extent of the transmission. This study aims to provide a summary reproductive number of coronavirus based on available global level evidence.

Methods
A total of three databases were searched on September 15, 2020: PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The searches were conducted using a pre-specified search strategy to record studies reported the reproductive number of coronavirus from its inception in December 2019. It includes keywords of coronavirus and its reproductive number, which were combined using the Boolean operators (AND, OR). Based on the included studies, we estimated a summary reproductive number by using the meta-analysis. We used narrative synthesis to explain the results of the studies where the reproductive number was reported, however, were not possible to include in the meta-analysis because of the lack of data (mostly due to confidence interval was not reported).

Results
Total of 42 studies included in this review whereas 29 of them were included in the meta-analysis. The estimated summary reproductive number was 2.87 (95% CI, 2.39–3.44). We found evidence of very high heterogeneity (99.5%) of the reproductive number reported in the included studies. Our sub-group analysis was found the significant variations of reproductive number across the country for which it was estimated, method and model that were used to estimate the reproductive number, number of case that was considered to estimate the reproductive number, and the type of reproductive number that was estimated. The highest reproductive number was reported for the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship in Japan (14.8). In the country-level, the higher reproductive number was reported for France (R, 6.32, 95% CI, 5.72–6.99) following Germany (R, 6.07, 95% CI, 5.51–6.69) and Spain (R, 3.56, 95% CI, 1.62–7.82). The higher reproductive number was reported if it was estimated by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method (MCMC) method and the Epidemic curve model. We also reported significant heterogeneity of the type of reproductive number- a high-value reported if it was the time-dependent reproductive number.

Conclusion
The estimated summary reproductive number indicates an exponential increase of coronavirus infection in the coming days. Comprehensive policies and programs are important to reduce new infections as well as the associated adverse consequences including death.
Prognostic role of microRNA 182 and microRNA 18a in locally advanced triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Bajaj Rajat , Tripathi Rupal , Sridhar T. S. , Korlimarla Aruna , Choudhury Kumardeep Dutta , Suryavanshi Moushumi , Mehta Anurag , Doval Dinesh Chandra 
Published: November 2020

Background
The study assessed the epigenetic regulation and the role of microRNA (miR) expression in locally advanced triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) and comparison with the clinico-pathological variables and survival.

Methods
Fifty patients of locally advanced TNBC during the period 2011–2013 were included. Expression level of test microRNA (miR-182 and miR-18a) was determined using Taqman quantitative Real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) from formalin fixed paraffin embedded biopsy blocks. Clinical and demographic information and survival data was retrieved from the Hospital medical records.

Results
An improved clinical complete response (cCR) was observed in patients with age ≥ 45 years (80%), premenopausal status (70%), tumor size < 6 cms (80%), nodal status N0-N1 (95%) and grade II-III tumor (80%). A statistically significant correlation was observed on comparison of cCR with menopausal status (p-value 0.020), T category (p-value 0.018) and the clinical nodal status (p-value 0.003). pCR also correlated with clinical nodal status (p-value 0.008). Epigenetically, miR-18a under expression (< 8.84) was most commonly associated with tumor size < 6 cms (76.7%), clinical nodal status N0-N1 (90%), cCR (60%) and pCR (53.3%). A similar trend was observed with miR-182. Statistical significance was observed with T category (p-values 0.003 and 0.004), clinical nodal status (p-values 0.001 and 0.001), clinical response (p-values 0.002 and 0.002) and pathological response (p-values 0.007 and 0.006) with respect to miR-18a and miR-182, respectively. Also, the menopausal status significantly correlated with the miR-182 expression (p-value 0.009). miR-182 overexpression (≥ 6.32) was not observed in any of the postmenopausal patients. A univariate cox proportional hazard regression model also showed statistical interactions (p-values <0.004).

Conclusion
miR-182 and miR-18a overexpression correlates with worse clinical and pathological tumor characteristics in locally advanced TNBC and hence could be used to predict the outcomes and prognosis in these patients.
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PHK DAN PENDAPATAN PEKERJA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ngadi Ngadi , Meliana Ruth , Purba Yanti Astrelina 
Published: November 2020

The larger-scale social restrictions policy to handling the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the socio-economic of the community including job sustainability and income of workers. This study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 on worker layoffs and income in Indonesia. This research uses an accidental sampling through the online survey. The results showed that COVID-19 had an impact on layoffs and decreased income, especially during the social distancing. The result showed that layoffs of workers in Indonesia amounted to 15.6 percent.Â Regarding income, about 31.0 percent of workers claim that their income has decreased by less than 50 percent and 8.6 percent of that has fallen above 50 percent. The government needs to conduct strict supervision of companies in each region. The role of the community is needed in overcoming existing problems by looking for new strategies that are utilizing technology and looking for new job opportunities, while still paying attention to health protocols.
PENANGGULANGAN COVID-19 DALAM KERANGKA TEORI KEPENDUDUKAN MALTHUS
Authors: Raharto Aswatini 
Published: November 2020

This paper was not necessarily discussing COVID-19 as Malthus' positive check, but it examines the current efforts to overcome and control the COVID-19 pandemic as a preventive and positive check. COVID-19 gives credence to the Malthusian Theory of Population.Â The key features of this model are that the preventive checks that should be carried out by men are not only limited to controlling the population through family planning but also to control the pressure on the existing resources. The two forces will act to restore equilibrium: preventive check and positive check. From the Malthusian theory, herd immunity in the time of COVID-19 regarded as a positive check. As Indonesia's home to more than 270 million population, the mortality rate likely uncontrollable. Thus herd immunity should not be chosen as a policy option.
LINTASAN PENGHIDUPAN (LIVELIHOOD TRAJECTORIES) DAN MIGRASI LINGKUNGAN DI DELTA MAHAKAM
Authors: Rachmawati Laksmi , Latifa Ade 
Published: November 2020

The studies of environmental migration are still limited in Indonesia. Within the limited literature in the Indonesian context, Research Center for Population LIPI has conducted studies on environmental migration in 2015-2016 and the abandonment of shrimp pond due to migration in 2013 in Delta Mahakam, East Kalimantan. Using Livelihood Trajectories (LT) approach, this paper aims to examine the peopleâ€™s adaptation in Delta Mahakam related to environmental migration. The LT approach gives more understanding of the adaptation process that leads to migration decision-making. By applying a qualitative approach using interviews and focus group discussion (FGD), data are collected related to the changes of landscape livelihood and the adaptation to respond to it.Â The interviews and FGD conducted with farmers, fishers, aquaculture farmers who move or stay and with formal/informal leaders and patron. In the case of Delta Mahakam, migration becomes a strategy for adaptation. The decision to migrate is not an instant decision-making process but as a part of trajectories to sustain their livelihood.
Parechovirus Infection in Early Childhood and Association With Subsequent Celiac Disease
Authors: Tapia German , Chudá Kateřina , Kahrs Christian R. , Stene Lars C. , Kramna Lenka , Mårild Karl , Rasmussen Trond , Rønningen Kjersti S. , Cinek Ondřej , Størdal Ketil 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:
To test whether parechovirus and anellovirus, frequent enteric viruses, were associated with subsequent celiac disease (CD). We hypothesized that children who later developed CD would have increased frequency of parechovirus infections before transglutaminase 2 (TG2) antibody development. Anellovirus testing was exploratory, as a potential marker of immune status.

METHODS:
Matched case-control design nested within a longitudinal birth cohort (the MIDIA study) of children at genetic risk of CD (carrying the human leukocyte antigen genotype DR4-DQ8/DR3-DQ2, recruited throughout Norway during 2001–2007). We retrospectively tested blood samples taken at age 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and then annually, to determine when TG2 antibodies developed. Of 220 genetically at-risk children tested, 25 were diagnosed with CD (cases; ESPGHAN 2012 criteria) and matched for follow-up time, birthdate, and county of residence with 2 randomly selected children free from CD (controls) from the cohort. Viruses were quantified in monthly stool samples (collected from 3 through 35 months of age) using real-time polymerase chain reaction methods.

RESULTS:
Parechovirus was detected in 222 of 2,005 stool samples (11.1%) and was more frequent in samples from cases before developing TG2 antibodies (adjusted odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.14–2.45, P = 0.01). The odds ratio was higher when a sample was positive for both parechovirus and enterovirus (adjusted odds ratio 4.73, 95% confidence interval 1.26–17.67, P = 0.02). Anellovirus was detected in 1,540 of 1,829 samples (84.2%), but did not differ significantly between case and control subjects.

DISCUSSION:
Early-life parechovirus infections were associated with development of CD in genetically at-risk children.
Autoimmune Hepatitis in a Patient With Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Pollock Galia , Sharma Aditya , GY Minuk 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), a condition characterized by impaired antibody production, is paradoxically associated with various autoimmune disorders. The most common causes of liver disease in patients with CVID are nodular regenerative hyperplasia, granulomatous infiltration of the liver, and chronic viral hepatitis. We present a case of autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with CVID.
Manejo Florestal Sustentável em Unidades de Conservação de uso comunitário na Amazônia
Authors: Miranda Katiuscia , Amaral Neto Manuel , Sousa Romier , Coelho Roberta 
Published: November 2020

Historicamente, o uso dos bens ou recursos naturais pelos povos e comunidades tradicionais, apresentam algumas características comuns, a partir de modos de vida específicos, marcado pela intensa simbiose e relativa harmonia com o meio ambiente em que vivem, desenvolvendo técnicas de baixo impacto ambiental, baixa articulação com o mercado, intenso conhecimento da biodiversidade que os cerca e modo de produção baseado na mão de obra familiar Na atualidade, a discussão sobre o uso desses recursos adquiriu grande relevância em decorrência do seu uso excessivo. Impulsionados pelo debate e mobilização em torno da importância dos povos e comunidades tradicionais no manejo e proteção dos recursos naturais, o Estado promove políticas públicas que reconhece e evidencia o papel das comunidades tradicionais sobre o direito de explorar a floresta, como também na proteção dos recursos naturais em geral. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar dados atualizados do potencial de manejo sustentável em áreas protegidas de uso comunitário na Amazônia, responsável por garantir o uso sustentável da biodiversidade e a manutenção dos povos e populações tradicionais que habitam no território Brasileiro.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA SISTEM E-LEARNING DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNIVERSITAS 4.0 MENGGUNAKAN KERANGKA IT BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Syafitri Nadidah Ayu , Herdiansyah Muhammad Izman 
Published: November 2020

Bina Darma University (UBD) as one of the university based information technology currently has been assisted by the use of IT in implementing its strategy. University 4.0 is a university that makes students as a learning center and assisted by the use of IT. UBD in conducting learning has been assisted by e-learning which is one of the benchmarks of 4.0 University perspectives. E-Learning implementation assists the learning process by students and lecturers. The performance of the e-learning system has not been measured. Measurements are performed to improve the quality of e-learning systems in the 4.0 university perspective. To perform analysis used the IT framework Balanced Scorecard consisting of four perspectives namely Corporate Contribution/Business Contribution, User Orientation, Operational Excellence and Future Orientation. The result of this research is an improved analysis of quality and strategies to improve the quality of e-learning systems in the 4.0 university perspective.
Az igazságosság és a besorolás etikai problémái az egészségügyben, különös tekintettel a COVID–19-járvány olaszországi tapasztalataira
Authors: Péter Orsolya Márta 
Published: November 2020

Összefoglaló. A 2020. év elején kirobbant COVID–19-világjárvány
többek között ráirányította a figyelmet az életmentő-életfenntartó kezelések
igazságos elosztásának érzékeny kérdésére is. Európán belül elsőként
Olaszországot sújtotta a katasztrófa, a válsághelyzetben pedig az
érzéstelenítés, fájdalomcsillapítás, újraélesztés és intenzív ellátás területén
tevékenykedő szakemberek olasz társasága, a SIAARTI 2020. március 6-án közzétett
egy 15 pontos ajánlást. E szerint utilitarista megközelítéssel a rendelkezésre
álló szűkös erőforrásokat azon betegek kezelésére kellene fordítani, akik
túlélési esélye nagyobb, valamint több életévre számíthatnak a jövőben, mert ez
biztosíthatja a lehető legtöbb ember számára a lehető legnagyobb hasznot. A
javaslat komoly szakmai vitát robbantott ki, amely egyértelművé tette, hogy az
orvosi eszközök igazságos elosztására vonatkozó diskurzust feltétlenül folytatni
kell, nemcsak Olaszországon belül, hanem a pandémiától sújtott többi államban
is. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(45): 1899–1907.
Summary. Among other queries, the explosion of the COVID-19 pandemic
at the beginning of 2020 has firmly put in focus the sensitive issue of how to
allocate scarcely available life-saving treatments in a fair and just manner.
The first European country to face an emergency caused by the pandemic was
Italy. In a rapidly escalating crisis, on 6th March 2020, the Italian Society of
Anaesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) issued a
series of 15 recommendations, suggesting that a utilitarian approach should be
adopted in Italian health care and the extremely scarce resources should be
reserved for patients with a greater probability of survival and life
expectancy, in order to maximize the benefits for the largest possible number of
people. The recommendations generated a heated debate among health care
professionals, thereby evidencing that similar discussions must be initiated and
pursued in all countries affected by the pandemic. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(45):
1899–1907.
Liz Henty and Daniel Brown (eds), Visualising Skyscapes: Material Forms of Cultural Engagement with the Heavens
Authors: Greaney Susan 
Published: November 2020

Liz Henty and Daniel Brown (eds), Visualising Skyscapes: Material Forms of Cultural Engagement with the Heavens
London and New York: Routledge, 2020. Hardback, 253 pp., 69 colour and 15 b/w illus. ISBN: 9781138303614. £120. eBbook ISBN: 9780203730935. £40.49.