bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Characterization of Phenotypical Markers After Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Ducray Angélique D. , Wiedmer Linda , Herren Fabienne , Widmer Hans Rudolf , Mevissen Meike 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, has been widely used in neuroscience
research, especially in studies related to Parkinson's disease. However, differences between
clones have been demonstrated, highlighting the importance to characterize the properties of this cell
line carefully.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of undifferentiated and differentiated
SH-SY5Y cells using various differentiation protocols.

Methods:
A morphological and quantitative analysis of markers related to dopaminergic and cholinergic
neurons, but also other phenotypes, was performed.

Results:
Differentiated cells showed the typical neuronal morphology. Undifferentiated cells expressed
low levels of Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) and higher levels of the high-affinity Choline
Transporter (CHT1). Staurosporine (ST)-differentiation resulted in the highest number of THimmunoreactive
cells, followed by phorbol ester Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA), whereas
differentiation with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) did not increase TH-immunoreactive
cells. TH, dopamine β-hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 were also significantly upregulated
in ST-differentiated cells compared to both undifferentiated and Retinoic Acid (RA)-
differentiated cells. RA induced the highest number of CHT1-immunoreactive cells while ST- and
BDNF-differentiation reduced CHT1-immunoreactive cells, indicating a decrease in the cholinergic phenotype.
The presynaptic neuronal protein, α-synuclein, was significantly upregulated in RA- and ST-treated
cells compared to undifferentiated cells. Ascorbic acid increased the number of CHT1-immunoreactive
cells in all differentiation procedures and ST-differentiated TH-positive cells significantly.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that a quantitative characterization of the phenotype is crucial when
using SH-SY5Y cells to study the pathogenesis or evaluate compounds for treatment of neurodegenerative
diseases.
Comparison of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Case of Primary Cesarean Section Done During Late vs. Early Labor
Authors: Anuff Heena , Rahman Zeinah , Dube Rajani , Al-Zuheiri Shatha Taher Salman 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cesarean section (CS) done before the onset of labor is called an elective
and done during labor is called an emergency CS. During labor, CS may be needed in early(1st) or
late(2nd) stages. Earlier studies have shown more maternal and fetal complications when a cesarean
is done for the first time in the late stages.

Objective:
Our objective was to find out whether the maternal and fetal outcomes differ when
primary CS is done in the first stage of labor compared to the second stage of labor for various indications
and how.

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study on women who underwent primary CS
during active labor and to link the maternal and fetal outcomes related to the stages of labor. The
study population was patients admitted to the Labor ward of Saqr hospital, Ras Al Khaimah,
UAE, between 1st January 2017 till 31st December 2017, but had to undergo primary CS during
labor for various indications at 1st and 2nd stages of labor. Data was collected from maternal and
neonatal electronic case records.

Results:
A total of 135 case records were studied. Most cesarean sections were in the early stage
of labor. The most common indications were fetal distress and prolonged labor. The maternal and
fetal complications were higher in 2nd stage of labor than in 1st stage which includes uterine atonia
(p=.001), postpartum hemorrhage (p=.006), postoperative hematuria(RR=3.46), problems with
breastfeeding (p=0.001) and fetal injuries (p<.001).

Conclusion:
Primary CS in late labor is associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications
compared to CS in early labor.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Cucurbita moschata terhadap Kadar Malondehaldehid Mencit Model Diabetes
Authors: Suwanto Suwanto , Gustomi Mono Pratiko , Kurnijasanti Rochmah 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak Kebutuhan akan kesehatan diharapkan pada semua orang, namun kesehatan harus perlu dijaga agar tidak terpapar adanya radikal bebas yang berlebihan, karena akan memicu timbulnya penyakit diabetes mellitus disertai adanya peningkatan kadar malondehaldehid. Pencegahan radikal bebas yang berlebihan dapat memanfaatkan biji Cucurbita moschata. Antioksidan pada biji Cucurbita moschata berperan dalam mengatasi dan mencegah adanya stres oksidatif pada penderita diabetes mellitus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata terhadap kadar malondehaldehid mencit model diabetes. Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan desain post test control group design, mencit jantan sebanyak 24 ekor umur 1 bulan dengan berat badan 20-30 gram, dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kontrol metformin, danÂ kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata dosis 180, 360 dan 720 mg/kg BB diberikan secara sonde oral selama 14 hari. Pengamatan terhadap kadar malondehaldehid. Hasil penelitian pemberian ekstrak etanol biji Cucurbita moschata pada semua dosis kelompok perlakuan dapat menurunkan kadar malondehaldehid (Kruskal Wallis p 0,04 < 0,05), sedangkan dosis yang lebih efektif sebanyak 360 mg/kgBB. Kesimpulan semua dosis kelompok perlakuan dapat menurunkan kadar malondehaldehid, sedangkan dosis yang lebih efektif sebanyak 360 mg/kgBB.Â Kata kunci: Cucurbita moschata, malondehaldehid, diabetesAbstractEverybody expects of being healthy, but health must be maintained to avoid excessive free radical exposure since it will trigger the onset of diabetes mellitus that is accompanied by an increase in the malondialdehyde level. Prevention of excessive free radicals can be done by utilizing Cucurbita moschata seeds. Antioxidants in Cucurbita moschata seeds play a role in overcoming and preventing oxidative stress in people with diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to determine the potential of ethanol extract of Cucurbita moschata seeds on the malondialdehyde level in diabetic mice. This study applied an experimental research method with a posttest control group design. The subjects were 24 male mice aged one month with a bodyweight of 20-30 grams and were divided into six groups: negative control, positive control, metformin control, and treatment groups of ethanol extract Cucurbita moschata seed doses of 180, 360, and 720 mg/kgBW given orally for 14 days. The results of the study showed that ethanol extract of Cucurbita moschata seeds on all treatment doses could reduce the malondialdehyde level (Kruskal Wallis p 0.04 <0.05), but the most effective dose was 360 mg/kgBW. In short, all treatment doses can reduce the malondialdehyde level, but the most effective dose is 360 mg/kgBW. Keywords: Cucurbita moschata, malondialdehyde, diabetes
MODELING AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ENZYME OF FISHES
Authors: PRAKASIA PRESSY P. 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Computational studies on fish brain acetylcholinesterase were conducted, expanding our views and for a deeper understanding of the activity of the fish acetylcholinesterase enzyme.
Methods: Physico-chemical properties of the fish acetylcholinesterase enzyme were studied. Homology model of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme was predicted, validated its quality and active sites were predicted. The amino acid frequency in the active sites was also compared. Similarly, the secondary structure of the sequences was predicted and compared. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by the neighbour joining tree method.
Results: Among the selected fish species stability of acetylcholinesterase was found in fish species namely Esox lucius. The negative GRAVY score value of enzyme in all the fish species ensured better interaction and activity in the aqueous phase. It was found that the molecular weight of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme ranged between 9113 and 15991 Da. Iso-electric (pI) of acetylcholinesterase was found to be acidic in nature. GOR IV was used to predict the secondary structure of acetylcholinesterase, which showed that random coil was dominated. Neighbor joining tree of the enzyme showed that fish species named Amphiprion ocellaris as the most divergent species, while the species Oreochromis niloticus is the most primitive one.
Conclusion: Acetlycholinesterase enzyme of Esox lucius was found to be the best compared to the other species, which possess a high number of active sites with Ile, Set and Glu rich active sites.
The Use of Pepaccur Local Wisdom for Indonesian Literary Teaching Materials
Authors: Fuad Muhammad , Efendi Anwar , Muhammad Ulul Azmi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cultural diversity that exists in various regions in Indonesia produces a lot of potential for local wisdom and tradition. Various Indonesian local wisdom has been used as teaching material in the classroom. However, pepaccur local wisdom is still rarely known and used as teaching material. Therefore it is a novelty to turn pepaccur local wisdom into Indonesian literary teaching materials. This study aims to investigate the properness of pepaccur local wisdom for Indonesian literary teaching materials. The qualitative approach used in this study is characterized by collecting data through interviews, observation, recording and book review, and other sources related to pepaccur local wisdom. Content analyses were also used in analyzing the collected data. The results of this study are in the form of pepaccur presentations that are appropriate to be used as teaching materials for Indonesia language and literature based on the characteristics of the functions and values of local wisdom contained in them. Values contained in pepaccur such as religion, simplicity, cooperation, and politeness can be a reference in behaving in the community and this integration can be an effort to preserve local wisdom that has begun to be abandoned by the Lampung community. Implications from this study, through pepaccur-based teaching materials, students can learn to live a simple life, have a community with mutual help and respect, and learn poetic arts to provide entertainment and advice.
PORTRAYING THE WORD “TOURISM” IN ENGLISH
Authors: Sujatna Eva Tuckyta Sari , Heriyanto Heriyanto , Krisnawati Ekaning , Amalia Rosaria Mita , Pamungkas Kasno 
Published: July 2020

Now days, tourism is counted as a large industry that could support the government income. Since tourism is important, it was essential to promote it by online and offline media. Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) was claimed as a large corpus of language is the source of the data taken in this paper. The aims of the research are, firstly, to describe the distribution of the word “tourism” in COCA since 1990 up to 2019 including its text genres and secondly, to describe the pair of the word “tourism” in COCA since 1990 up to 2019 including its context. The research designed implemented is a mixed-method design, in which quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined. It was reported, firstly, from 9833 corpus containing the word “tourism” found in COCA, the highest number is newspaper followed by academy, magazine, spoken, web, fiction, blog, TV, and movie. Secondly, from the highest number to the smallest number of the subtypes of the word tourism are related to nature, culture, animal, place, sport, history, prostitution, health, religion, science, memory, crime, movie, and charity.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MELAKUKAN SPIN-OFF (STUDI PADA BANK BTPN SYARIAH)
Authors: Mazaya Zata Ghaisani , Daud Rulfah M 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine whether there are differences in the performance of Public Islamic Bank (BTPN Syariah) before and after spin-off. The financial ratios used are CAR (Capital Adequancy Ratio), NPF (Non Performing Finance), FDR (Financing to Desposit Ratio), BOPO (Operating Expenses to Operating Income), and ROA (Return On Asset). The research method used in this research is descriptive comparative. Type of data used is secondary data in the form of quarterly financial statement of BTPN Syariah, quarter 1 2011 until with quarter 3 2014 for data before spin-off and quarter 4 2014 for data after spin-off. Data analysis was done by using Normality Test and Paired Sample T-Test. Data is processed by using SPSS (Statistical Pakage for Social Science) 25th version. The results of this study showed that at the ratios of BOPO there is no difference between before and after spin-off. While in the ratios of CAR, NPF, FDR and ROA there are difference between before and after spin-off
Lontar Taru Pramana: Pelestarian Budaya Pengobatan Tradisional Bali
Authors: Adnyana Putu Eka Sura 
Published: July 2020

<p><strong><em>Lontar Taru Pramana</em></strong><strong> menguraikan obat-obatan alternatif dengan bahan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Disamping itu <em>Lontar Taru Pramana</em> bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Pengobatan dengan obat berdasarkan Lontar Taru Pramana sangat murah karena tidak banyak mengeluarkan biaya, terjangkau bagi seluruh kalangan masyarakat. Bahan-bahan obat dapat diambil dari alam diramu secara mudah. Disamping itu meningkatnya obat alternatif memanfaatkan tumbuh-tumbuhan secara tidak langsung akan melestarikan tumbuhan-tumbuhan itu, dengan lestarinya tumbuhan-tumbuhan maka pelestarian lingkungan sebagai sumber kesehatan mahluk hidup akan meningkat, sebagaimana progam dari pemerintah. </strong>Ajaran pengobatan Taru Pramana, bahwa dalam Lontar Taru Pramana menjelaskan mitologi tumbuh-tumbuhan itu dapat berbicara dan menceritakan khasiat dirinya. Setiap tumbuh-tumbuhan menyatakan dirinya dapat menyembuhkan suatu penyakit tertentu, baik dengan daunnya bunganya, buahnya, kulitnya, akarnya, bahkan kayunya. Fungsi Tumbuh-Tumbuhan Sebagai Bahan Pengobatan, disebutkan bahwa dalam Taru Pramana semua tumbuh-tumbuhan menyatakan dirinya dapat dijadikan obat ketika ia dicampur dengan tumbuh-tumbuhan yang lainnya dengan presentase tertentu. Setiap campuran ada dengan cara dihaluskan kemudian ditambah dengan air lalu diminum dipakaikan jamu. Adapun tujuan pelestarian tumbuh-tumbuhan disamping sebagai bahan obat adalah juga menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dalam kehidupan serta melestarikan keanekaragaman hayati yang bermanfaat bagi ilmu pengetahuan dan masyarakat.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Sebuah Pendekatan Ontologi dalam Memahami Filsafat Siva Siddhanta
Authors: Sena I Gusti Made Widya 
Published: July 2020

<p><em>Hindu religion as one of the religions that has complexity of philosophy in the development of his doctrines using the basis of religious knowledge, direct views and conclusions as a process of philosophical thinking.</em></p><p><em></em><em>Siva Siddhanta is the core or conclusion of the Siva doctrines that describes various concepts in it such as cosmology, metaphysics, theology, philosophy until the concept of unity with God.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>The ontological perspective of Siva Siddhanta philosophical system derived from the essence of Siva as the ultimate reality. This is final doctrine and conclusion from Siva is known as Siva Siddhanta. Siva Siddhanta is a essence of Vedanta. Siva is the ultimate reality, it is eternal, without being, free, one, without beginning and end, without cause. Siva pervades the whole world with his Sakti, she uses Sakti as the energy of consciousness of Siva, which is actually the body Siva</em><em></em></p>
Simbol Tri Murti dalam Payas Agung Pengantin Bali
Authors: Dewi Ida Ayu Gede Prayitna 
Published: July 2020

<em>Balinese fashion and dress is one part of Balinese culture with elements of art that have existed in antiquity. The kings of Bali of his day have introduced a distinctive dress culture in their respective regions of power. Some types of Balinese have similarities and differences in forms such as Payas Agung Karangasem, Buleleng, Tabanan, and Badung. Payas Agung The Bali Bridal used to be a dress for the King and queen, but over time now Payas Agung Bridal Bali is used for the wedding of Balinese people in general. The emergence of new make-up artists has made a positive impact in the development of Makeup in Bali, but a study that can be used as a guideline for the tradition of makeup and the value of philosophy is not lost and well preserved. This research is a qualitative type with the theory of symbols, aesthetic theory and religious theory. The research techniques are conducted by observation and interviews, document studies. The results obtained are Cempaka flowers and kenanga is a symbol of Tri Murti in Payas Agung Bridal Bali is placed on the head decoration, where this section is the most purified as the embodiment of offerings to Ida Sang Hyang widhi Wasa. The value contained and the influence of this symbol on the bride is as a form of beauty and Taksu.</em>
Sang Hyang Sambah dalam Ngusabha Sambah di Desa Pakraman Pesedahan, Manggis, Karangasem (Kajian Bentuk Fungsi dan Makna)
Authors: Suadnyana Ida Bagus Putu Eka 
Published: July 2020

<p><em>The use of Sang Hyang Sambah in Ngusabha Sambah ceremony in the village of Pakraman Pesedahan is very unique, as one of the means that support the implementation of religious ceremony based on the five basic forms of practice namely: iksa, sakti, village, kala, and tattwa so there are various forms and functions of upakara variety. Sang Hyang Sambah in Ngusabha Sambah ceremony in the village of Pakraman Pesedahan in addition to having its own characteristics, also contains value for the community supporters so that its use is maintained until now. Theories used to solve this research problem are structural functional theory, value theory and cognitive theory. This research is in the form of qualitative design. Based on the analysis, obtained the conclusion as the result of research, as follows: (1) Sang Hyang Sambah is one of the means in Ngusabha Sambah ceremony in the village of Pakraman Pesedahan. Sang Hyang Sambah shaped pelinggih made of plant material and made before the ceremony Ngusabha Sambah. (2) Sang Hyang Sambah in the process of Ngusabha Sambah ceremony has a ceremonial function as a form of sacrifice that is a religious function as a tool to cultivate belief in God, and social function to enhance a sense of togetherness. (3) The meaning that is contained in Sang Hyang Sambah in Ngusabha Sambah ceremony among others tattwa seen in people’s belief in Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, ethics is reflected in the attitude.</em><em></em></p>
Manifestasi Tuhan pada Tubuh Manusia dalam Teks Anggastya Prana
Authors: Piartha I Nyoman 
Published: July 2020

<p><em>The human body in the concept of Hinduism consists of three layers called Tri Sarira, namely: Sthula Sarira (body), Suksma Sarira (subtle body) and Anthakarana Sarira (causative body). Stula Sarira or coarse body is the outermost layer of the human body which is formed from the Panca Maha Buta, which consists of: Pertiwi (solid element), Apah (liquid element), Bayu (air element), Teja (heat / light element), and Akasa (ether). Suksma Sarira or subtle body which is a layer of the body that cannot be seen or touched, but is present in mankind for example the mind. Anthakarana Sarira is a fine layer that is the cause of human life called Atman. Birth is closely related to the procurement of offspring, serves to pay birth debt. Debt in Sanskrit is called Rna, which developed into Tri Rna, including: debt to the Gods (Dewa Rna), debt to parents or ancestors (Pitra Rna), and debt to the Rsi (Rsi Rna). In “Lontar Anggastya prana” it is told that the life of the baby while in the womb the mother is guarded and protected by Hyang Siwa / Siwatma.</em></p><em>The process of creation (uttpti) begins with interest or liking at the age of adolescence until the relationship occurs / intercourse until fertilization occurs between spermatozoid (kama petak) with ovum (kama bhang) becomes Sang Hyang Antigajati in the form of the seed of life. When a child is looking for birth, he is called Sang Hyang Siwatma. When humans are born into the world, he is accompanied by four brothers called Chess Sanak in the form of Yeh Nyom (amniotic fluid), placenta, shampoo, and blood. The Catur Sanak accompanies humans from birth as Sang Anggapati, Sang Prajapati, Sang Bhanaspati, and Sang Bhanaspatiraja, until humans die and change their designation according to human development, and continue with the depiction of God in the human body in the form of sacred characters.</em>
Yoga sebagai Jalan Realisasi Kesadaran Diri dalam Teks Tattwa Jnana
Authors: Sena I Gusti Made Widya 
Published: July 2020

<p>In his life man has two consciousnesses, namely physical awareness and spiritual<br />awareness. Physical awareness is any form of change of mind to know and feel the state of the physical body. A conscious body is a form of representation of various changes in desires that want the body to always be healthy, fit, beautiful and not lack anything. Without us knowing it in the end, physical awareness will bring life to be increasingly tied to the world that is outside us and forget the real world that is within us. This truth is important to realize because knowledge without understanding will be a form of implementation of blind practices.<br />Blindness in question is not blind to the senses, but blind to the psychological aspects by forgetting the true nature of self. For this reason, the right knowledge and understanding and implementation of tattwa teachings, especially regarding Yoga as a Way of Realizing Self Awareness in the Tattwa Jnana Text, is very important to be put forward in daily life towards spiritual awareness and improvement of a harmonious life. Based on the background above, the authors are interested in raising this paper because previously there had never been any scientific writing or articles related to the theme that the author adopted. In addition, by writing this article, it is hoped that later scientific articles of the same type will increasingly develop and contribute to the world of modern knowledge and health.</p>
Relasi Manusia, Alam dan Tuhan Dalam Harmonisasi Semesta
Authors: Sena I Gusti Made Widya 
Published: July 2020

<p>Humans and nature are two of the many symbols of the manifestation of God’s love for the universe He created. The form of God’s love for the universe is an indisputable reality because before God created humans, he also thought and understood the survival of human beings in the realm of life as a form of symbiotic relationship between human and natural.<br />All human needs have been fulfilled and provided by God through the supply of natural resources, and vice versa God is preparing humans to help maintain the balance of the universe, both physical, biological and socio-cultural elements.<br />The concept of Tri Hita Karana is the root of people’s happiness in Bali. As a philosophy of life for Balinese people who still exist in the community in Bali, it is also used as a model of happiness in other countries in the world. This concept is a very simple to be implemented in everyday life. Because Tri Hita Karana etymologically is derived from three syllables, Tri which means “three”, Hita means “happiness” and Karana which means “cause”. The three causes of happiness consist of Parahyangan, Palemahan and Pawongan.<br />The relation of God’s relationship with nature according to the Hindu perspective is God as a symbol of the bhuana agung and bhuana alit. God as a symbol of the bhuana agung (universe) is a manifestation of the contents of the universe while God as a symbol of the bhuana alit can be realized that God exists and lives in<br />every human being.</p>