bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial plastid DNA can cause DNA barcoding paradox in plants
Authors: Park Hyun-Seung , Jayakodi Murukarthick , Lee Sae Hyun , Jeon Jae-Hyeon , Lee Hyun-Oh , Park Jee Young , Moon Byeong Cheol , Kim Chang-Kug , Wing Rod A. , Newmaster Steven G. , Kim Ji Yeon , Yang Tae-Jin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe transfer of ancestral plastid genomes into mitochondrial genomes to generate mitochondrial plastid DNA (MTPT) is known to occur in plants, but its impacts on mitochondrial genome complexity and the potential for causing a false-positive DNA barcoding paradox have been underestimated. Here, we assembled the organelle genomes of Cynanchum wilfordii and C. auriculatum, which are indigenous medicinal herbs in Korea and China, respectively. In both species, it is estimated that 35% of the ancestral plastid genomes were transferred to mitochondrial genomes over the past 10 million years and remain conserved in these genomes. Some plastid barcoding markers co-amplified the conserved MTPTs and caused a barcoding paradox, resulting in mis-authentication of botanical ingredients and/or taxonomic mis-positioning. We identified dynamic and lineage-specific MTPTs that have contributed to mitochondrial genome complexity and might cause a putative barcoding paradox across 81 plant species. We suggest that a DNA barcoding guidelines should be developed involving the use of multiple markers to help regulate economically motivated adulteration.
Ablation of miR-144 increases vimentin expression and atherosclerotic plaque formation
Authors: He Quan , Wang Fangfei , Honda Takashi , Greis Kenneth D. , Redington Andrew N. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt has been suggested that miR-144 is pro-atherosclerotic via effects on reverse cholesterol transportation targeting the ATP binding cassette protein. This study used proteomic analysis to identify additional cardiovascular targets of miR-144, and subsequently examined the role of a newly identified regulator of atherosclerotic burden in miR-144 knockout mice receiving a high fat diet. To identify affected secretory proteins, miR-144 treated endothelial cell culture medium was subjected to proteomic analysis including two-dimensional gel separation, trypsin digestion, and nanospray liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 5 gel spots representing 19 proteins that changed consistently across the biological replicates. One of these spots, was identified as vimentin. Atherosclerosis was induced in miR-144 knockout mice by high fat diet and vascular lesions were quantified by Oil Red-O staining of the serial sectioned aortic root and from en-face views of the aortic tree. Unexpectedly, high fat diet induced extensive atherosclerosis in miR-144 knockout mice and was accompanied by severe fatty liver disease compared with wild type littermates. Vimentin levels were reduced by miR-144 and increased by antagomiR-144 in cultured cardiac endothelial cells. Compared with wild type, ablation of the miR-144/451 cluster increased plasma vimentin, while vimentin levels were decreased in control mice injected with synthetic miR-144. Furthermore, increased vimentin expression was prominent in the commissural regions of the aortic root which are highly susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation. We conclude that miR-144 maybe a potential regulator of the development of atherosclerosis via changes in vimentin signaling.
The role of attention in the relationship between early life stress and depression
Authors: Mao Yu , Xiao Hong , Ding Cody , Qiu Jiang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarly life stress (ELS) can be very harmful to an individual’s wellbeing and brain development. It is well established that childhood maltreatment is a significant risk factor for depression. ELS is positively correlated with depressive symptoms both in major depression disorder patients and healthy individuals, but the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear. In the present study, we calculate the within/between-network connectivity in 528 college students, and Pearson correlation was performed to investigate the relationship between network measures and ELS. Additionally, the same method was applied to verify these results in another sample. Finally, mediation analysis was performed to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms regarding the association between ELS and depression. Correlation analysis indicated that ELS was positively correlated with the within-network connectivity of the ventral attention network (VAN), the dorsal attention network (DAN), the salience network (SN), the somatosensory network (SMN) and the between-network connectivity of ventral attention network-dorsal attention network (VAN-DAN), ventral attention network- somatosensory network (VAN-SMN), and ventral attention network-visual network (VAN-VN). Validation results indicated that ELS is associated with the within-network connectivity of VAN and DAN. Mediation analysis revealed that attention bias and the within-network connectivity of VAN could mediated the relationship between ELS and depression. Both behavioral and neural evidence emphasize ELS’s influence on individual’s emotion attention. Furthermore, the present study also provides two possible mediation models to explain the potential mechanisms behind the relationship between ELS and depression.
MIR600HG suppresses metastasis and enhances oxaliplatin chemosensitivity by targeting ALDH1A3 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yao Yi , Li Nan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Metastasis and chemoresistance indicate a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, the mechanisms that lead to the development of chemoresistance and metastasis in CRC remain unclear.
Materials and methods: We combined clinical and experimental studies to determine the role of MIR600HG in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software, version 8.0.
Results: We detected down-regulated expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIR600HG in CRC specimens and cell lines compared with normal controls, and the expression level of MIR600HG was inversely correlated with the overall survival of CRC patients. The inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC cell metastasis and chemoresistance. In addition, our data showed that the inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC stemness, while the overexpression of MIR600HG suppressed stemness. Importantly, our animal experiments showed that MIR600HG inhibited tumour formation and that the combination of MIR600HG inhibition and oxaliplatin (Oxa) treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth compared with that with either intervention alone. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MIR600HG exerts its anticancer role by targeting ALDH1A3 in CRC.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that MIR600HG functions as a tumour suppressor and that the overexpression of MIR600HG inhibits tumour invasion and enhances chemosensitivity, providing a new strategy for CRC treatment.
Targeting perivascular and epicardial adipose tissue inflammation: therapeutic opportunities for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Rafeh Rim , Viveiros Anissa , Oudit Gavin Y. , El-Yazbi Ahmed F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMajor shifts in human lifestyle and dietary habits toward sedentary behavior and refined food intake triggered steep increase in the incidence of metabolic disorders including obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Patients with metabolic disease are at a high risk of cardiovascular complications ranging from microvascular dysfunction to cardiometabolic syndromes including heart failure. Despite significant advances in the standards of care for obese and diabetic patients, current therapeutic approaches are not always successful in averting the accompanying cardiovascular deterioration. There is a strong relationship between adipose inflammation seen in metabolic disorders and detrimental changes in cardiovascular structure and function. The particular importance of epicardial and perivascular adipose pools emerged as main modulators of the physiology or pathology of heart and blood vessels. Here, we review the peculiarities of these two fat depots in terms of their origin, function, and pathological changes during metabolic deterioration. We highlight the rationale for pharmacological targeting of the perivascular and epicardial adipose tissue or associated signaling pathways as potential disease modifying approaches in cardiometabolic syndromes.
Exocomets: A spectroscopic survey
Authors: Rebollido I. , Eiroa C. , Montesinos B. , Maldonado J. , Villaver E. , Absil O. , Bayo A. , Canovas H. , Carmona A. , Chen Ch. , Ertel S. , Henning Th. , Iglesias D. P. , Launhardt R. , Liseau R. , Meeus G. , Moór A. , Mora A. , Olofsson J. , Rauw G. , Riviere-Marichalar P. 
Published: April 2020

Context.While exoplanets are now routinely detected, the detection of small bodies in extrasolar systems remains challenging. Since the discovery of sporadic events, which are interpreted to be exocomets (falling evaporating bodies) aroundβPic in the early 1980s, only ∼20 stars have been reported to host exocomet-like events.Aims.We aim to expand the sample of known exocomet-host stars, as well as to monitor the hot-gas environment around stars with previously known exocometary activity.Methods.We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of a heterogeneous sample of 117 main-sequence stars in the spectral type range from B8 to G8. The data were collected in 14 observing campaigns over the course of two years from both hemispheres. We analysed the Ca IIK&H and Na ID lines in order to search for non-photospheric absorptions that originated in the circumstellar environment and for variable events that could be caused by the outgassing of exocomet-like bodies.Results.We detected non-photospheric absorptions towards 50% of the sample, thus attributing a circumstellar origin to half of the detections (i.e. 26% of the sample). Hot circumstellar gas was detected in the metallic lines inspected via narrow stable absorptions and/or variable blue- and red-shifted absorption events. Such variable events were found in 18 stars in the Ca IIand/or Na Ilines; six of them are reported in the context of this work for the first time. In some cases, the variations we report in the Ca IIK line are similar to those observed inβPic. While we do not find a significant trend in the age or location of the stars, we do find that the probability of finding CS gas in stars with largervsiniis higher. We also find a weak trend with the presence of near-infrared excess and with anomalous (λBoo-like) abundances, but this would require confirmation by expanding the sample.
Tinea Corporis: An Evidence-Based Case Report Treated with Homoeopathic Medicine Sepia
Authors: Dixit Ashish Kumar , Giri Nibha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTinea corporis or ringworm is common presenting complaint in daily practice. This disease has great physical and psychological impact on social life. Ringworm spreads in a circular form with central clearing. This is a case of a 48-year-old male having several coin like eruption on chest and widespread on shoulder and back. The homoeopathic medicine Sepia was prescribed in 200 potency on the basis of totality of symptoms and after repertorisation. Case has been followed up to 17 weeks; there was marked improvement in eruption from baseline and other associated complaints.
Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes
Authors: Forster Peter , Forster Lucy , Renfrew Colin , Forster Michael 
Published: April 2020

Significance
This is a phylogenetic network of SARS-CoV-2 genomes sampled from across the world. These genomes are closely related and under evolutionary selection in their human hosts, sometimes with parallel evolution events, that is, the same virus mutation emerges in two different human hosts. This makes character-based phylogenetic networks the method of choice for reconstructing their evolutionary paths and their ancestral genome in the human host. The network method has been used in around 10,000 phylogenetic studies of diverse organisms, and is mostly known for reconstructing the prehistoric population movements of humans and for ecological studies, but is less commonly employed in the field of virology.
Anthropometric variables, propulsive force and biological maturation: A mediation analysis in young swimmers
Authors: Oliveira Mariana , Henrique Rafael S. , Queiroz Daniel R. , Salvina Marlene , Melo Wilson V. , Moura dos Santos Marcos André 
Published: April 2020

AbstractYouth swimming performance may be influenced by anthropometric and body composition factors during growth. Propulsive force of the arm (PFA) is highly related to swimming performance as 85–90% of the propulsive power comes from the arms. The current study analyzed the mediating effect of biological maturation on the relationship between anthropometric variables and body composition with PFA in young swimmers. A total of 128 swimmers [boys: n = 53, age = 13.6 (1.8) y; girls: n = 75, age = 12.5 (1.8) y] were evaluated. Propulsive force of the arm was estimated by the tethered swimming test. Anthropometric characteristics (body mass, stature, sitting height, arm span, arm muscle area, %body fat, and fat‐free mass) were evaluated. Biological maturation was estimated by the age of peak height velocity. Mediation analyses were performed using the Preacher and Hayes bootstrapping method, adjusted for chronological age and sex. All anthropometric and body composition variables, except %body fat, were positively associated with PFA, being mediated by biological maturation. Indirect effects and 95% confidence intervals were: body mass [.20 (.09‐.34)], stature [.22 (.11‐.43)], arm span [0.17 (.05‐.31)], arm muscle area [.74 (.38‐1.19)] and fat free‐mass [.17 (.05‐.34)]. In conclusion, biological maturation mediated the positive associations between body size and composition and PFA in young swimmers.
Nonlocal density functional theory of water taking into account many-body dipole correlations: binodal and surface tension of ‘liquid–vapour’ interface
Authors: Budkov Yu A , Kolesnikov A L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper we formulate a nonlocal density functional theory of inhomogeneous water. We model a water molecule as a couple of oppositely charged sites. The negatively charged sites interact with each other through the Lennard–Jones potential (steric and dispersion interactions), square-well potential (short-range specific interactions due to electron charge transfer), and Coulomb potential, whereas the positively charged sites interact with all types of sites by applying the Coulomb potential only. Taking into account the nonlocal packing effects via the fundamental measure theory, dispersion and specific interactions in the mean-field approximation, and electrostatic interactions at the many-body level through the random phase approximation, we describe the liquid–vapour interface. We demonstrate that our model without explicit account of the association of water molecules due to hydrogen bonding and with explicit account of the electrostatic interactions at the many-body level is able to describe the liquid–vapour coexistence curve and the surface tension at the ambient pressures and temperatures. We obtain very good agreement with available in the literature MD simulation results for density profile of liquid–vapour interface at ambient state parameters. The formulated theory can be used as a theoretical background for describing of the capillary phenomena, occurring in micro- and mesoporous materials.
Angular dependent interatomic potential for Ti-V system for molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Kartamyshev Andrey I. , Lipnitskii Alexey Gennadievich , Boev Anton , Nelasov Ivan , Maksimenko Vyacheslav N. , Aksyonov Dmitry Alexandrovich , Nguyen Truong Khang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An interatomic potential for the Ti-V binary alloy focusing on evolution of defects, including ones arising as a result of the irradiation process, was constructed within the Lipnitskii-Saveliev approach, which accurately takes into account three-particle interactions and the sum of all multi-particle interactions of a higher order in the framework of the centrally symmetric approximation. In the new potential, Ti-V interactions were fitted to the DFT data on set of model structures with different coordination numbers, including ones with vacancies. The properties used for fitting are accurately reproduced by the present potentials for both pure elements and alloy systems. The potential was tested on the binding energies between Ti atoms and self-point defects in bcc V, elastic moduli, thermal expansion and melting point of some alloys, and diffusion. We obtained qualitative agreement for these properties with available theoretical and experimental data. Finally, we investigated evolution of excess vacancies in the V-4 at. \% Ti alloy at 700 K, which are typical conditions of vanadium-based alloys for fusion applications. We found that no vacancy loop is formed in the alloy in contrast to the pure V, which agrees with the experimental observations. The potential is expected to be especially suitable for irradiation simulations of vanadium based V-Ti alloys.
Scaling theory for Mott–Hubbard transitions: I. T = 0 phase diagram of the 1/2-filled Hubbard model
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban , Lal Siddhartha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present a T = 0 K renormalization group (RG) phase diagram for the electronic Hubbard model in two dimensions on the square lattice at half filling. The RG procedure treats quantum fluctuations in the single particle occupation number nonperturbatively via the unitarily decoupling of one electronic state at every RG step. The resulting phase diagram thus possesses the quantum fluctuation energy scale (ω) as one of its axes. A relation is derived between ω and the effective temperature scale upto which gapless, as well as emergent gapped phases can be obtained. We find that the normal and insulating phases of the half-filled Hubbard model correspond, for any on-site repulsion, to a marginal Fermi liquid normal phase and a topologically-ordered gapped Mott insulating liquid respectively. The marginal Fermi liquid is found to arise from singular forward scattering in directions normal to the nested Fermi surface, while singular backscattering events lead to Mott liquid state. The transition between these two phases involves passage through a pseudogapped phase bookended by Fermi surface topology-changing Lifshitz transitions. The pseudogap phase is observed to arise from the electronic differentiation encoded within the nested Fermi surface, and involves the gradual gapping of the Fermi surface from antinodes to nodes via charge and spin excitations that are mutually entangled. We obtain effective Hamiltonians for various phases, as well as wavefunctions for the low-energy many-body eigenstates of the Mott liquid. Benchmarking of the ground-state energy per particle and the double-occupancy fraction for the Mott liquid against existing numerical results yields excellent agreement. Presence of a Néel ordering symmetry-breaking perturbation in the RG leads to an antiferromagnetic spin-ordered charge insulating Mott state. Our results thus offer novel insights on a variety of aspects of the Mott–Hubbard problem, and can be extended to the doped system.
Correction factors for two new reference beta radiation fields
Authors: Behrens R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Several correction factors for two new reference beta-particle radiation fields complementing ISO 6980 have been measured and calculated for both primary beta dosimetry and the operational quantities in radiation protection. The following correction factors for primary beta dosimetry for the determination of the absorbed dose to tissue, D
t, have been determined by calculations: k
ba for backscatter from the collecting electrode, k
pe for perturbation by the chamber’s side walls, k
ih for inhomogeneity inside the collecting volume, k
Sta for the stopping power ratio at different phantom depths, and k
SA for the use of the Spencer-Attix theory, while the following have been measured: k
br for the effect of bremsstrahlung and k
abs for variations in the attenuation and scattering of beta particles between the source and the collecting volume due to variations from reference conditions and for differences of the entrance window to a tissue-equivalent thickness of 0.07 mm. Furthermore, calculations were undertaken to determine the following correction factors to assess the operational quantities H
p(0.07), H
p(3), H′(0.07), and H′(3): k
rod(0.07) for the rod instead of the slab phantom, k
cyl(3) for the cylinder instead of the slab phantom, as well as k′(0.07) and k′(3) for the ICRU sphere instead of the slab phantom, while the correction factor for oblique radiation incidence has been measured. The newly determined correction factors were determined in the same way as those for several well-established beta-particle radiation fields described in two earlier publications by the author. Furthermore, they are ready to be implemented in an updated version of the ISO 6980 series and in the software of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2.
Decoding hand movements from human EEG to control a robotic arm in a simulation environment
Authors: Schwarz Andreas , Höller Maria Katharina , Pereira Joana , Ofner Patrick , Müller-Putz Gernot R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective. Daily life tasks can become a significant challenge for motor impaired persons. Depending on the severity of their impairment, they require more complex solutions to retain an independent life. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are targeted to provide an intuitive form of control for advanced assistive devices such as robotic arms or neuroprostheses. In our current study we aim to decode three different executed hand movements in an online BCI scenario from electroencephalographic (EEG) data. Approach. Immersed in a desktop-based simulation environment, 15 non-disabled participants interacted with virtual objects from daily life by an avatar’s robotic arm. In a short calibration phase, participants performed executed palmar and lateral grasps and wrist supinations. Using this data, we trained a classification model on features extracted from the low frequency time domain. In the subsequent evaluation phase, participants controlled the avatar’s robotic arm and interacted with the virtual objects in case of a correct classification. Main results. On average, participants scored online 48% of all movement trials correctly (3-condition scenario, adjusted chance level 40%, alpha = 0.05). The underlying movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) of the acquired calibration data show significant differences between conditions over contralateral central sensorimotor areas, which are retained in the data acquired from the online BCI use. Significance. We could show the successful online decoding of two grasps and one wrist supination movement using low frequency time domain features of the human EEG. These findings can potentially contribute to the development of a more natural and intuitive BCI-based control modality for upper limb motor neuroprostheses or robotic arms for people with motor impairments.
An Emotion Classification Method Based on Energy Entropy of Principal Component
Authors: Li Hao , Mao Xia , Chen Lijiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Emotional recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG) has attracted more and more attention, and various methods emerge in an endless stream. An emotion classification method based on energy entropy of principal component (PCEE) is proposed in this paper. EEG data are divided into five rhythms (δ, θ, α, β and γ) by wavelet decomposition and reconstruction (WDR). Each rhythm signal uses principal component analysis (PCA) to perform dimensionality reduction on the channels (electrodes). The energy entropies of the principal components that meet the requirements are used as the classification feature. Results show that the classification accuracy can reach 87.61% by using the support vector machine (SVM) classifier.