bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Fractures of the Axis
Authors: Korres Demetrios S , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J , Mavrogenis Andreas F , Sapkas Georges S , Patsinevelos Antonios , Kyriazopoulos Petros , Evangelopoulos Demetrios 
Published: December 2019

abstract
Multiple fractures of the axis are not common lesions. A retrospective study was performed to identify the different fracture patterns and to analyze the incidence of these injuries and their long-term behavior. The medical records of 674 consecutive patients with fractures of the cervical spine were reviewed.
Nine (1%) of 674 patients (6 men and 3 women) had multiple fractures of the axis. Mean patient age was 48 years. The most common lesion was a combination of traumatic spondylolisthesis with either an odontoid process or a teardrop fracture of the axis body. All patients were treated conservatively with an excellent or good outcome at mean 12-year follow-up (range: 2-18 years). Computed tomography was the imaging modality of choice for the correct diagnosis of these rare lesions.
Comparison of Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Third Tibial Shaft Fractures: Before and After Traumatologists
Authors: Obremskey William T , Medina Miguel 
Published: December 2019

abstract
We hypothesized that less malalignment and complications occur with intramedullary nailing of distal third tibia fractures (42A, B, C) after the implementation of orthopedic trauma surgeons to this level II community hospital. We also hypothesized that patients with ≥5° of malalignment have poorer function as measured by the MODEMS functional outcome scale. Two cohorts of distal third tibia fractures were identified by discharge diagnosis or by the Orthopaedic Trauma Association database. Group I (n=39) patients were stabilized with an intramedullary nail by community orthopedic surgeons. Group II (n=18) patients were treated by orthopedic trauma surgeons. In Group I (community), 9 (23%) patients treated by the community surgeons exhibited >5° of angulation in at least one direction. Five (13%) of these patients displayed angulation in more than one direction, and 3 of these patients exhibited >10° of angulation. In Group II (trauma) 1 (5%) patient had >5° angulation in any plane (P<.05). No differences were noted in time to union, nonunion, delayed union, hardware failure or infections between the two groups. Functional outcomes were assessed using the MODEMS lower limb module. In comparison of the patients with and without significant anguiation, the P value for bodily pain was 0.042. Patients treated by the community orthopedic surgeons had a higher incidence of malalignment, as compared to those treated by orthopedic trauma specialists.
The Image of a Woman of Colour and Native American Woman in Two Kerouac Novels: A Double Otherness
Authors: Rožman Ivančič Nejc 
Published: December 2019

The article examines the portrayal of a woman of colour in the novel The Subterraneans (1958), and the portrayal of a Native American woman in the novel Tristessa (1960). The two works are representative examples within the opus of the American writer Jack Kerouac (1922–1969), and offer suitable starting points for the reinterpretation of his attitude towards women and non-white ethnicities. The novels reveal the ethnocentric, even colonizing attitude of the dominating male narrator in relation to the dominated and subjugated social groups. Although the treated works are considered Kerouac’s “female-centred novels” (Phelan Lyke 1991, v), this syntagm is problematized here by showing that the male narrator remains the true protagonist, focused essentially on his own perceptions of the non-white romantic subject, whereas the two female characters are (mere) objects for the protagonists’ self-discovery, life experience and psychological projection. In this sense, Kerouac’s consistent presentation of women as representatives of an identity of the exotic/Other reveals his nested gender and racial prejudice.
Plan universitario para pueblos indígenas: experiencia de construcción participativa de la Universidad Nacional
Authors: Pino G. , Cerdas Y. , González C. 
Published: December 2019

<p>Este ensayo busca aportar a la discusión relacionado con la construcción de universidades más inclusivas e interculturales, desde la sistematización de la estrategia adoptada por la Universidad Nacional (UNA) en Costa Rica para la pertinente implementación del Plan para Pueblos Indígenas Quinquenal (PPIQ) suscrito por cuatro universidades públicas costarricenses en 2014, el cual tomó características diferenciadas de implementación debido a la diversidad histórica entre ellas en la construcción de relaciones con pueblos indígenas y en las formas de gestión académica y administrativa, las cuales obligan a una adecuación singular de los acuerdos conjuntos del PPIQ. En el caso de la UNA, la ejecución del Plan y el cumplimiento de sus compromisos se fundamenta en la participación propositiva de cada instancia involucrada desde sus experiencias y posibilidades. Así, la coordinación original del PPIQ se amplió para absorber a los diferentes actores, con actividades propuestas y ejecutadas desde cada instancia. Además, ha sido vital la inclusión del estudiantado indígena universitario en la planeación, formulación, ejecución y seguimiento de las acciones y compromisos, de tal manera que se ha transformado en un actor esencial para la ejecución exitosa del Plan y para su continuidad en el futuro, lo que ha contribuido, también, con el fortalecimiento de aspectos identitarios, en tanto, indígenas y como universitarios. Este modelo abierto y participativo ha permitido tener resultados importantes en corto tiempo; además de permitir la incorporación de acciones y metas de la iniciativa en estrategias de trabajo permanente de las diferentes instancias.</p>
Precursores de la satisfacción con el Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) en estudiantes de Psicología de la Universidad de Sevilla
Authors: Valdés Díaz M. , López-Cepero Borrego J. 
Published: December 2019

<p>En la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Sevilla (US), el Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG) constituye una asignatura obligatoria de seis créditos (150 horas) que se realiza en el último curso desde la implantación de los nuevos planes de estudios adaptados al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EES). El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la experiencia personal que ha supuesto para el alumnado de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Sevilla la realización del TFG y analizar las variables que inciden en el grado de satisfacción. Participaron 207 estudiantes que completaron la asignatura en el curso 2014-15, de un total de 270 matriculados (76,7%). Se administró un cuestionario de lápiz y papel que recabó información sobre la asignación de tutores, necesidad de apoyo, dificultades en torno al TFG y la satisfacción con el proceso. En torno a un tercio del alumnado completó el TFG con tutores de su elección. Más de un 50% de participantes señalaron tener dificultades con el diseño del trabajo y el análisis de resultados. Sin embargo, el 83% valoró su TFG como un reto interesante. Una regresión lineal mostró que el tiempo dedicado, la utilidad percibida y la posibilidad de trasferir los resultados al terreno laboral fueron precursores de la valoración positiva del proceso. Se discute la conveniencia de diseñar acciones formativas específicas y reforzar la transferencia de conocimientos como vía para mejorar la experiencia del alumnado en TFG.</p>
Elementos para el análisis en la interacción del aprendizaje entre los agentes intervinientes en el Prácticum de Fisioterapia
Authors: Sánchez Y. , Tomàs-Folch M. 
Published: December 2019

<p>El Prácticum constituye un elemento esencial en el proceso de formación de nuestros estudiantes que tienen la necesidad de vincular la teoría y la práctica. Tanto las actividades externas como internas han de ser equilibradas en la enseñanza y son consideradas como factores esenciales del aprendizaje activo en el proceso de formación. Durante la fase presencial de prácticas, el alumno tendrá que ser capaz de actuar profesionalmente identificando y resolviendo cualquier tipo de problema al lado de su tutor de prácticas, usando el conocimiento adquirido y la argumentación realizada en el aula universitaria. En este artículo presentamos una primera fase cuyo objetivo es averiguar los elementos para el análisis de las interacciones de aprendizaje entre los agentes intervinientes en las asignaturas de Prácticum I, II y Prácticum V, VI. Se ha optado por una metodología cualitativa de diseño etnográfico. Se llevará a cabo un focus group compuesto por personas expertas del campo teórico y práctico que opinarán y debatirán sobre los elementos intervinientes. Los elementos para el análisis de las interacciones en el aprendizaje entre los agentes intervinientes en el Prácticum I, II y Prácticum V, VI se agrupan entorno a las categorías siguientes: organización, coordinación, relaciones entre los agentes intervinientes, funciones, logros del aprendizaje y evaluación. </p>
Calidad y cualidad en la Educación Superior: una discusión teórica y una aproximación al tema en el sistema de educación superior ecuatoriano
Authors: Escobar-Jiménez C. , Delgado A. 
Published: December 2019

<p>Este documento trata algunos de los principales conceptos relacionados al aseguramiento de la calidad en educación superior. Se hace una aproximación a los conceptos de cualidad y calidad para evidenciar su relación y correspondencia etimológica y filosófica y el carácter normativo que les antecede. Se estudia las nociones de cualidad a lo largo de tres tipos históricos de instituciones de educación superior. El marco de análisis concreto de estos conceptos es el sistema de educación superior en Ecuador.</p>
Desarrollo de competencias mediante ABP y evaluación con rúbricas en el trabajo en grupo en Educación Superior
Authors: Bohórquez Gómez-Millán M. R. , Checa Esquiva I. 
Published: December 2019

<p>La investigación acerca del desarrollo de competencias con ABP ha crecido mucho en los últimos años, sin embargo, no se han investigado sus consecuencias sobre procesos psicosociales, como la creatividad, liderazgo entre iguales y cohesión de equipo en el trabajo en grupo. En este trabajo además se analizan las diferencias en el nivel competencial de 16 grupos de 4 estudiantes de la asignatura Psicología Social del Deporte del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte como resultado de su participación en una metodología de ABP evaluada con rúbricas. Los instrumentos utilizados en esta experiencia se dividen en dos: la evaluación de competencias y la evaluación de variables psicológicas relacionadas, como el liderazgo entre iguales (Escala de Evaluación del Líder Deportivo), la creatividad (Potencial Creativo y de la Creatividad Practicada en el trabajo y en la organización) y la cohesión grupal (versión española reducida del GEQ). Los resultados demuestran un aumento en todas las competencias, aunque en creatividad y en planificación no se aprecian mejoras significativas. La única de las variables psicosociales que ha mejorado significativamente ha sido el factor Empatía y Responsabilidad del Liderazgo, aunque el tamaño del efecto es pequeño. Como conclusiones se ofrecen recomendaciones sobre el uso del ABP y la evaluación a través de rúbricas.</p>
Pterygium excision followed by sutureless and gluefree infero-temporal conjunctival autograft
Authors: Bhargava Poonam , Kochar Anju , Joshi Rashmi 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
There are various methods available at present to reduce the recurrence after pterygium excision and the one in the trend is the sutureless and gluefree conjunctival autografting which is gaining popularity for it’s ease and better results than other methods.

Objective:
To study the efficacy and complications of sutureless and glue free conjunctival autografting for the management of primary pterygium over a period of 7 years.

Material and Methods:
A prospective, interventional case study was carried out over 300 patients having primary pterygium. Pterygium excision followed by conjucntival autografting without using any suture and glue was performed in all the patients which was followed by bandaging for 24 hours. The patients were followed up post-operatively on day 1, week 1, week 2, month 1, 2 and 3 and for recurrence upto 1 year if possible. They were examined for haemorrhage, graft edema, graft encrochment on cornea, visual acuity, refractory changes and recurrence.

Results:
The age of cases varied between 21 to 60 years. 59.33% of which were male. Subconjunctival haemorrhage was seen in 23.6% on day-1 which reduced to 8.33% at day 15 and no subconjunctival haemorrhage at the end of month 1. Serous exudate was present in 26 cases (8.67%) on day-1, which subsided within two weeks without any intervention. Graft displacement was seen in 16 patients (5.33%) and encrochment on cornea was seen in 28 patients (9.33%), tenon cyst was seen in 3 patient (1%) and recurrence was seen in 3 patients (1.0%). In 3 cases displaced graft became avascular hence were removed. Visual acuity improvement was noted in 278 patients.

Conclusion:
Sutureless and glue free conjunctival autograft following pterygium excision is a safe, effective and economical option for the management of primary pterygium. Inferior conjunctival graft saves the superior conjunctiva for the future glaucoma surgery if it is required.
Socio-Demographic Profile, Etiology and Visual Outcome of Traumatic Cataract in North–West Rajasthan
Authors: Joshi Rashmi , Goyal Rekha Kumari , Kochar Anju 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
To study the socio-demographic profile, etiology and visual outcome of traumatic cataract in North-west Rajasthan.

Material and Method:
This cross-sectional study was done on 50 patients who presented in department of opthalmology from January 2016 to May 2017. Relevant clinical history, demographic data and visual acuity at time of presentation and post-operatively after two month were recorded. All data were compiled and managed on SSPS.

Results:
Among 50 patients, majority of patients were young adult between age 21-30 yr, male representation greater than female. Wooden stick trauma constituted the major fraction (n=22, 44%). Most of patients had penetrating injury (n=36, 72%) and poor visual acuity at presentation.

Conclusion:
Males face increased risk of trauma due to engagement in outdoor activities. Penetrating injuries are associated with poor visual outcome post-operatively because of association of other complication like corneal opacity, scarring and irregular astigmatism.
Fundus Changes in Milliary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jain Kalpna , Gujrani Manak , Manoher Jaishree Murli , Garhwal Jyoti , Gupta Nilesh 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Milliary tuberculosis occurs due to haematogenous spread of infection. It is assumed that intraocular tuberculosis is spread hematogenously from primary infection to elsewhere. The choroidal tubercles may be one of the earliest signs of milliary disease and is probably the most common form of ocular tuberculosis.

Methods:
This is a retrospective observational single site study of 113 patients with milliary tuberculosis from 2001 to 2015. Fundus examination was done after full dilatation of the pupil with direct and indirect ophthalmoscope. The diagnosis of intraocular tuberculosis was presumed to be based on suggestive ocular lesion in context of evidence of systemic infection and response to antitubercular treatment.

Results:
There were 77 females (68%) and 36 (32%) males. The commonest age group was 21 to 40 years as 67 (59.3%) patients belonged to this productive age group. Eighty eight (77.9%) patients were from rural areas. Fundus changes were present in 14 patients (12.39%) and these were choroidal tubercles (8.8%), papillitis (4.4%), macular edema (0.9%) and vitritis (0.9%). Choroidal tubercles were present in 10 patients. Among these, two had associated papillitis and one also had vitritis. Three patients had only papillitis and in another one, only macular edema was present. Papillitis was present in five patients in our study. HIV did not increase the incidence of ocular lesions.

Conclusion:
The most common fundus changes were choroidal tubercles and optic neuropathy in our series. Early detection of these choroidal tubercles may be helpful in diagnosis as well as in treatment. The optic nerve may be involved not only by the toxic effect of anti-tubercular drug but also in the disease process itself.
GIS for Watershed Characterization and Modeling
Authors: D. Colby Jeffrey 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe protection and effective management of watersheds is critical in order to preserve water quality and healthy ecosystems and to provide ecosystems services. The importance of incorporating the spatial dimension of watershed features and processes in watershed models has long been recognized. Geographic information systems (GIS) provide capabilities to characterize, visualize, and analyze the spatial nature of watersheds. The integration of GIS and watershed models provide a powerful combination for analyzing spatiotemporal watershed processes and supporting watershed management. The purpose of this article is to provide a foundation for understanding GIS as applied to watershed characterization and modeling, in particular, for hydrologic modeling. This article discusses the co‐evolution of GIS and hydrologic modeling and their eventual integration. GIS topics include data models, data acquisition, metadata, georeferencing, fundamental thematic data layers, and issues of scale and data uncertainty. Forms of integration for GIS and hydrologic models are outlined and the range of applications of GIS and watershed models is presented. In addition, areas in which potential advancements may emerge are considered including the fields of geographic information science (GIScience) and geocomputation, new data sources, Web‐GIS, and integrated watershed management.
Hydrosphere
Authors: Araya Yoseph 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The hydrosphere refers to the water on or surrounding the surface of the globe whether it is liquid, frozen or floating ice, in the soil or as water vapor in the atmosphere. The hydrosphere is the major setting for the earth's hydrologic cycle. This article explores its origin, types, and distribution on earth as well as its role in the ecosystem. It concludes by highlighting the influence of human beings on quality and quantity of earth's water.
Educational Social Justice in Action Through the Black Male Initiative (BMI) Program
Authors: Fullard David A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHistorically, black male students in the United States have the lowest college degree completion rate. This chapter describes the work of The Black Male Initiative (BMI) at Empire State College in NYC. Grounded in an Afrocentric paradigm, BMI provides a safe space for students to share experiences. In this chapter, the author describes the components of BMI along with challenges and successes.
Evaluation of the IAEA‐TRS 483 protocol for the dosimetry of small fields (square and stereotactic cones) using multiple detectors
Authors: Smith Clare L. , Montesari Atousa , Oliver Christopher P. , Butler Duncan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe IAEA TRS 483 protocol1 for the dosimetry of small static fields in radiotherapy was used to calculate output factors for the Elekta Synergy linac at the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA). Small field output factors for both square and circular fields were measured using nine different detectors. The “corrected” output factors (ratio of detector readings multiplied by the appropriate correction factor from the protocol) showed better consistency compared to the “uncorrected” output factors (ratio of detector readings only), with the relative standard deviation decreasing by approximately 1% after the application of the relevant correction factors. Comparisons relative to an arbitrarily chosen PTW 60019 microDiamond detector showed a reduction of maximal variation for the corrected values of approximately 3%. A full uncertainty budget was prepared to analyze the consistency of the output factors. Agreement within uncertainties between all detectors and field sizes was found, except for the 15 mm circular field. The results of this study show that the application of IAEA TRS 4831 when measuring small fields will improve the consistency of small field measurements when using multiple detectors contained within the protocol.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 3D Edge‐Curled Graphene for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jianghua , Ai Yongjian , Wu Jiajing , Zhang Daile , Wang Yun , Feng Zhongmin , Sun Hongbin , Liang Qionglin , Sun Ting , Yang Yang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEffectively preventing graphene stacking and maintaining ultrathin layers remains a significant research effort for graphene preparation and applications. In this paper, a novel synthetic strategy based on catalyst migration on the surface of a salt template to control the growth of graphene is used to prepare 3D edge‐curled graphene (3D ECG). Under the synergistic effect of the steric hindrance and the migration of the Ni catalyst, 3D ECG forms a special structure in which the intermediate portion is flat and the edge is curled. The resultant unique structure not only effectively prevents the close stacking and aggregation of graphene, but also significantly improves its lithium storage performance. As an anode for lithium ion batteries, the reversible specific capacity can reach 907.5 and 347.8 mAh g−1at the current density of 0.05 and 5.0 A g−1. Even after 1000 cycles, the specific capacity of 3D ECG can still be maintained at 605.2 mAh g−1at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, demonstrating excellent rate performance and cycle performance. This new synthesis strategy and unique edge‐curled structure can be used to guide more design of 3D graphene materials for further functional applications.
Reconfigurable Surfaces Based on Photocontrolled Dynamic Bonds
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Wu Si 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPhotocontrolled surfaces have attracted increasing interest because of their potential applications in lithography, photopatterning, biointerfaces, and microfluidics. Light provides high spatiotemporal resolution to control functions of such surfaces without getting into direct contact. However, conventional photocontrolled surfaces can only be switched between two states (on and off). The development of photocontrolled reconfigurable surfaces that can be switched among multiple states is highly desirable because these surfaces can adapt to rapid environmental changes or different applications. Herein, recent developments of photocontrolled reconfigurable surfaces are reviewed. Specially, reconfigurable surfaces based on photocontrolled reversible reactions including thiol‐quinone methide, disulfide exchange, thiol‐disulfide interconversion, diselenide exchange, and photosubstitution of Ru complexes are highlighted. As a perspective, other photocontrolled dynamic bonds that can be used to construct reconfigurable surfaces are summarized. Remaining challenges in this field are discussed.