bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O3D.2 45 years of follow-up for cancer for jobs and occupational exposures in 15 millions in five nordic countries – NOCCA
Authors: Hansen Johnni , Martinsen Jan Ivar , Weiderpass Elisabete , Kjærheim Kristina , Sparén Pär , Tryggvadottir Laufey , Lynge Elsebeth , Pukkala Eero 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionA majority of established human carcinogens have been discovered in the occupational setting. For most cancers, including even frequent cancers like colorectal, prostate and breast, however, only a minor fraction of the overall causes has been identified so far. Therefore, it is obvious than even more carcinogens can be discovered through studies of occupation and cancer. This can be facilitated by the use of big high quality data.MethodsOur study covers 15 million working-aged persons who participated in population censuses between 1960 and 1990 in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. These persons have been followed-up for cancer and divided into 70 cancer categories. Further, country and calendar time specific job exposure matrices (JEM) are developed for 30 documented and potential carcinogens, including e.g. asbestos, formaldehyde, wood dust, quartz and several specific metals and organic solvents.ResultsIn total 2.8 million incident cancer cases are diagnosed in these people during the follow-up. Even for all cancers combined, there is a wide statistically significant variation among men from a relative risk (RR) of 0.79 in domestic assistants to 1.48 in waiters. The occupations with the highest RR also includes workers producing beverage and tobacco, seamen and chimney sweeps. Among women, the overall RR varied from 0.58 in seafarers to 1.27 in tobacco workers. Low RRs were found for farmers, gardeners and forestry workers in both genders. We have also estimated RRs after exposure to e.g. various metals, solvents, formaldehyde and wood dust. Additional examples from the over 50 papers published so far based on this comprehensive on-going cohort will be presented.ConclusionsThe present study shows that the risk of cancer is highly dependent on occupation and specific occupational exposures.
O3D.3 Medication as proxy of work-related health problems
Authors: Godderis Lode , Vandersmissen Lieve , Schouteden Martijn 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionIn order to investigate the impact of work on health, we hypothesize that medication consumption registered in medical files of workers could serve as a proxy for work-related health problems. In this study, we describe variations in prevalence of specific medication groups between sectors, adjusting for age and gender. In addition, we investigated whether a change in job/sector can have an impact on medication use.MethodLogistic regression analysis is being performed to investigate the effect of occupational sector on the prevalence of specific medication groups, adjusted for year, age and gender. For this, an occupational surveillance dataset of 6 86 434 workers collected between 2011 and 2017 was used. Additionally, regarding the impact on job changes on medication use, analyses are currently being performed by comparing prevalence of specific medication groups in 2011 with 2017 for those employees who changed job during this time period.Results and discussionIn 2011 30,6% male and 49,8% female workers used medication. These figures roze to 43,1% and 67,3% respectively in 2017. The use of medication increased with age: in 2017 38,2% for workers<25 year, 43,6% for 25–34 year old employees, 48,7% between 35–44 year, 61,6% between 45–54 year and 74,1% for older workers>=55 year. Big differences were observed between sectors. Medication use was highest in health care (67,1% in 2017), government and education. These differences remained after adjustment for age and gender. 9,8% and 9,1% of the workers were treated for respectively pain and neuropsychological disorders in 2017.ConclusionSignificant differences in workers’ medical consumption were observed between sectors. This information is now being used for the implementation of a sector-oriented health surveillance program.
O3D.6 Inventory of occupational, industrial and population cohorts in switzerland
Authors: Bovio Nicolas , Vienneau Danielle , Canu Irina Guseva 
Published: May 2020

ContextGiven the importance of harmonization in occupational epidemiology (OE) research, an European network, OMEGA-NET, is developing an inventory of occupational, industrial and population cohorts in Europe. We inventorized existing cohorts in Switzerland and assessed their relevance for OE.MethodsWe identified cohorts based on the review of data repositories and publications of the leading occupational and public health institutions in Switzerland. Cohorts were considered relevant for OE if data on occupation were available. The quality of these data was assessed critically.ResultsIn Switzerland, we found no industrial cohort, one retrospective occupational cohort exposed to magnetic fields [20,141 Swiss Federal Railway workers, cancer morbidity follow-up=1972–2002] and four population-based cohorts relevant for OE: the census-based Swiss National Cohort (SNC) [5.8 million adult residents in Switzerland, mortality by cause follow-up=1990–2014], the Study on Air Pollution And Lung Disease In Adults (SAPALDIA) [n=9,561, lung function and morbidity follow-up=1991-present], CoLaus|PsyCoLaus [6,700 35–75 year-old residents of Lausanne, cardiovascular and mental morbidity follow-up=2003-present], the Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH) [1134 residents of Lausanne, Geneva and Berne, kidney and metabolic morbidity follow-up=2009-present].Occupation was coded using the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) only in the SNC (ISCO-68 and ISCO-88) and SAPALDIA (ISCO-88). In SKIPOGH, the Belgian Classification of occupations was used. In CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, occupation remains uncoded. Noteworthy, the percentage of missing occupations is 43%, non-reported, 65% and 61%, respectively.ConclusionHaving detailed high-quality data on multiple health outcomes, the identified Swiss cohorts may represent a valuable contribution to OE research. However, in absence of standardisation in collecting and coding of occupational data in these cohorts, their use in OE is still challenging. Planned harmonization efforts in frame of OMEGA-NET will be beneficial for improving the quality of these data and OE research in Switzerland and abroad.
O3E.5 Military veterans pathways to mental health support: the need for new solutions
Authors: Rafferty Laura , Stevelink Sharon , Greenberg Neil 
Published: May 2020

Military service can place personnel at a greater risk of developing mental health issues yet both serving personnel and military veterans are reluctant to seek help for mental health issues. Delay in seeking support for mental health distress can result in reduced quality of life as well as a worse treatment prognosis. This research aims to explore the barriers and facilitators to care for the UK veteran population, identifying the relationship between these factors and help seeking behaviour.Sixty- two in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with male UK military veterans who had left the Armed Forces in the last five years and screened positive for a degree of mental health distress on self-report questionnaires covering common mental disorders (anxiety or depression), post-traumatic stress disorder or alcohol misuse. Thematic analysis was utilised to identify core themes which were developed into an illustrative journey to mental health support, outlining the key stages through which a veteran may travel on their journey to engaging in effective mental health treatment.Veterans’ decision to seek care was mainly concentrated on the perceived need for treatment. Those not in mental health treatment failed to identify problems they were having as being indicative of a ‘mental health disorder’ as they had not yet reached a crisis point where they could no longer cope. Those veterans who were in mental health treatment typically had reached a point where the severity of their condition meant that their need for treatment was highlighted regardless of their intention, either due to a crisis event or to another’s intervention.Interventions are needed to target early identification and management of mental health distress and encourage veterans to seek support before reaching a crisis event. The implications for this research to other high stress, masculine occupations will be explored within the talk.
O4B.4 Predictors of return to work with readaptation in public workers
Authors: Dias Adriano , Marcos Bernardes Bernardes João , Augusto Servilha Coquemala Sandro , Gómez-Salgado Juan , Ruiz-Frutos Carlos 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo identify factors associated with work readaptation after sick leaves in a group of public workers in Brazil.MethodsCase-control study of sick leaves in a university campus from 2010 to 2015. Logistic regression models were adjusted for two different response variables: readaptation and readaptation with limitations. A digital database was created and completed with data from manual sources.ResultsAge at the beginning of the process, number of sick leaves, those of more than 16 days, average duration (total time of sick leaves/number of medical records), and mid-level healthcare positions were associated with work readaptation. In the model of readaptation with limitations, the age of hiring by the university, the number of sick leaves, those of more than 16 days, and mid-level healthcare positions, both rural work and operational positions were associated to the response variable.DiscussionA computerized database has been created, based on manual records, which has allowed us to identify labour and non-labour factors associated with the return to work after a sick leave and the possible functional readaptation, with or without limitation, in public workers. This has allowed proposing more efficient management of health measures to this population.
O4C.2 Impact of precarious work on the wellbeing of women and migrants in australia
Authors: Reid Alison , Daly Alison , Schenker Marc 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionWomen and migrants are more likely to be in precarious work than men and native-born workers. Precarious work impacts adversely on work-related injuries, fatalities and health but little is known about how it affects the wellbeing of women and migrant workers. The aims of this study are; (1) to examine whether precarious work differs by migration status and sex and 2) to determine whether the impact of precarious work on the wellbeing of women and migrants differs to that of males and native-born workers.MethodsIn 2016/17 a national telephone survey examined psychosocial workplace hazards among 1630 migrant and 1051 Australian-born workers. Precarious work (vulnerability and job insecurity) and wellbeing were collected with sociodemographic and employment variables. Higher scores indicate greater vulnerability/insecurity/less wellbeing. Univariate statistics examined the association between precarious work and wellbeing by sex and country of birth. Stratified linear regression modelled the relationship between precarious work and wellbeing by sex.ResultsIndependent of country of birth, females had higher vulnerability (µ=6.5, σ=3.4) than males (µ=5.5, σ=3.6), in contrast to job insecurity (Women µ=8.2, σ=4.0; Men µ=8.2, σ=3.9). Workers born in the Philippines had higher vulnerability compared with other migrant workers (µ=6.6, σ=3.4 vs µ=5.9, σ=3.6) whereas workers born in India had higher employment insecurity compared with other migrant workers (µ=8.8, σ=4.1 vs µ=8.1, σ=3.9). Increasing vulnerability and insecurity adversely impacted wellbeing most in Australian workers. Compared with men, vulnerability had a greater adverse impact on the wellbeing of women.DiscussionTwo dimensions of precarious work impact the wellbeing of men and women differently. Vulnerability impacts women most whereas work insecurity impacts men. For Australian born, the impact of either dimension on wellbeing is greater than for migrant workers.
Trends in cigarette brand preference among Mexican smokers: the rise of Pall Mall
Authors: Gutiérrez-Torres Daniela Sarahí , Saenz de Miera Juarez Belen , Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Zavala-Arciniega Luis , Thrasher James 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo analyse trends in cigarette brand preference among Mexican smokers during the implementation period of key WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommendations.MethodsData came from two nationally representative, comparable surveys, namely the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009 and 2015 and the National Survey on Addictions 2011 and 2016. Logistic models were used to estimate the adjusted prevalence of each brand purchased, as well as individual correlates of purchasing the single brand with a large growth over the study period. Multiple linear regressions were also employed to analyse cigarette prices across brands.ResultsSix brand families accounted for about 90% of the cigarette market, with Marlboro clearly dominating all brands at 54%–61%. Only the share of Pall Mall brand, however, registered a rapid increase over the period—from 1% in 2009 to 14% in 2016. Women and younger smokers (15–24 years) were more likely to prefer Pall Mall over other brands. While the typical price segmentation between international (premium) brands and national (discount) brands was observed, the price of Pall Mall is within the range of the latter. Importantly, most varieties of this brand include flavour capsule varieties (FCVs).ConclusionsThis study suggests that the strong campaign of brand migration, the pricing strategy and the aggressive introduction of FCVs expanded Pall Mall in the Mexican cigarette market. Therefore, better control policies of cigarette contents and taxes that reduce price differentials across brands should be encouraged to promote public health.
Schwarzschild-like black holes: Light-like trajectories and massless scalar absorption
Authors: Magalhães Renan B. , Leite Luiz C. S. , Crispino Luís C. B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBlack holes are among the most intriguing objects in nature. They are believed to be fully described by General Relativity (GR), and the astrophysical black holes are expected to belong to the Kerr family, obeying the no-hair theorems. Alternative theories of gravity or parameterized deviations of GR allow black hole solutions, which have additional parameters other than mass and angular momentum. We analyze a Schwarzschild-like metric, proposed by Johannsen and Psaltis, characterized by its mass and a deformation parameter. We compute the absorption cross section of massless scalar waves for different values of this deformation parameter and compare it with the corresponding scalar absorption cross section of the Schwarzschild black hole. We also present analytical approximations for the absorption cross section in the high-frequency regime. We check the consistence of our results comparing the numerical and analytical approaches, finding excellent agreement.
Chromatin Regulator CHD1 Remodels the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in PTEN-Deficient Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zhao Di , Cai Li , Lu Xin , Liang Xin , Li Jiexi , Chen Peiwen , Ittmann Michael , Shang Xiaoying , Jiang Shan , Li Haoyan , Meng Chenling , Flores Ivonne , Song Jian H. , Horner James W. , Lan Zhengdao , Wu Chang-Jiun , Li Jun , Chang Qing , Chen Ko-Chien , Wang Guocan , Deng Pingna , Spring Denise J. , Wang Y. Alan , DePinho Ronald A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGenetic inactivation of PTEN is common in prostate cancer and correlates with poorer prognosis. We previously identified CHD1 as an essential gene in PTEN-deficient cancer cells. Here, we sought definitive in vivo genetic evidence for, and mechanistic understanding of, the essential role of CHD1 in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer. In Pten and Pten/Smad4 genetically engineered mouse models, prostate-specific deletion of Chd1 resulted in markedly delayed tumor progression and prolonged survival. Chd1 deletion was associated with profound tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling characterized by reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and increased CD8+ T cells. Further analysis identified IL6 as a key transcriptional target of CHD1, which plays a major role in recruitment of immunosuppressive MDSCs. Given the prominent role of MDSCs in suppressing responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), our genetic and tumor biological findings support combined testing of anti-IL6 and ICI therapies, specifically in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer.Significance:We demonstrate a critical role of CHD1 in MDSC recruitment and discover CHD1/IL6 as a major regulator of the immunosuppressive TME of PTEN-deficient prostate cancer. Pharmacologic inhibition of IL6 in combination with immune checkpoint blockade elicits robust antitumor responses in prostate cancer.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1241
A vida íntima das sombras
Authors: Mata Diogo Xavier da , Saldanha Gustavo Silva 
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: As fontes de informação biobibliográficas, artefatos socialmente produzidos, possibilitam a reunião de informações acerca de sujeitos que disputam poder no mesmo campo. O objetivo do estudo é desenvolver a problematização conceitual da noção de discurso biobibliográfico, com base na reflexão advinda da experiência teórico-metodológica em Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação (BCI), atravessando um percurso que vai dos dicionários biográficos aos currículos na web.
Método: Como reflexão filosófico-teórica, a pesquisa parte da“ordem do discurso” de Michel Foucault, para discutir a potencialidade conceitual da ideia de discurso biobibliográfico no campo científico, debatendo sua construção enquanto categoria analítico-discursiva para o campo informacional e sua aplicabilidade crítica no plano de uma filosofia do documento, reconhecida em trabalhos como de Bernd Frohmann e Michael Buckland. Como objeto da pesquisa empírica, a centralidade da investigação é dada pelas fontes de informação biobibliográficas que se referem a sujeitos ligados a um dado campo científico.
Resultados: A partir do reencontro com a metáfora de Píndaro, que representa o homem como sua sombra, o estudo atinge a objetivação biográfica metadocumental do ser, identificado, descrito, classificado e indexado através de suas informações dispostas bibliograficamente a partir da invenção da Modernidade. Os sujeitos e seus lastros materiais no espaço-tempo desafiam o discurso informacional substancialista, sendo documentados pelas vias de fixação e de conformação das fontes de informação biobibliográficas produzidas em consonância com um segundo discurso, este mais abrangente, que irá produzir o reflexo do sujeito.
Conclusões: As biobibliografias, reconhecidas como formações discurivas, ao serem utilizadas como forma de recenseamento, instituem ordenadamente aquilo que o sujeito deve ser ou se tornar. A ordem discurso biobibliográfico define aquilo com a qual ele deve sonhar, um rito de conformação do sujeito no campo científico. Cria-se com esse tipo de relacionamento uma forma de sujeição a estas fontes de informação.
GDF‐15 (Growth Differentiation Factor 15) Is Associated With Hospitalization and Mortality in Patients With a Fontan Circulation
Authors: Meyer Sophie L. , Wolff Djoeke , Ridderbos Floris‐Jan S. , Eshuis Graziella , Hillege Hans , Willems Tineke P. , Ebels Tjark , van Melle Joost P. , Berger Rolf M. F. 
Published: May 2020

Background
We investigated serial serum levels of GDF‐15 (growth differentiation factor 15) in Fontan patients and their relation to outcome.

Methods and Results

In this single‐center prospective study of consecutive Fontan patients, serial serum
GDF
‐15 measurement and clinical assessment was done at baseline (n=81) and after 2 years (n=51). The association between
GDF
‐15 and the combined end point of all‐cause mortality, heart transplant listing, and Fontan‐related hospitalization was investigated. Median age at baseline was 21 years (interquartile range: 15–28 years). Median
GDF
‐15 serum levels at baseline were 552 pg/mL (interquartile range: 453–729 pg/mL).
GDF
‐15 serum levels correlated positively with age, age at Fontan initiation, New York Heart Association class, and serum levels of
NT
‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) and ɣGT (γ‐glutamyltransferase) and negatively with exercise capacity. During a median follow‐up of 4.8 years (interquartile range: 3.3–5.5 years), the combined end point occurred in 30 patients (37%). Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients with the highest baseline
GDF
‐15 (n=20, defined as the upper quartile) had a higher risk of hospitalization or death than the lowest 3 quartiles (hazard ratio [HR], 2.76; 95%
CI
, 1.27–6.00;
P
=0.011). After 2 years of follow‐up, patients in whom serum level of
GDF
‐15 increased to >70 pg/mL (n=13) had a higher risk of hospitalization or death than the lowest 3 quartiles (HR, 2.69; 95%
CI
, 1.03–6.99;
P
=0.043).

Conclusions

In Fontan patients, elevated serum levels of
GDF
‐15 are associated with worse functional status and predict Fontan‐related events. Furthermore, serial measurements showed that an increase in
GDF
‐15 serum level was associated with increased risk for adverse outcome.
Multi‐Beat Right Ventricular‐Arterial Coupling Predicts Clinical Worsening in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Hsu Steven , Simpson Catherine E. , Houston Brian A. , Wand Alison , Sato Takahiro , Kolb Todd M. , Mathai Stephen C. , Kass David A. , Hassoun Paul M. , Damico Rachel L. , Tedford Ryan J. 
Published: May 2020

Background

Although right ventricular (
RV
) to pulmonary arterial (
RV
‐
PA
) coupling is considered the gold standard in assessing
RV
dysfunction, its ability to predict clinically significant outcomes is poorly understood. We assessed the ability of
RV
‐
PA
coupling, determined by the ratio of multi‐beat (
MB
) end‐systolic elastance (Ees) to effective arterial elastance (Ea), to predict clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results

Twenty‐six subjects with
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
underwent same‐day cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, right heart catheterization, and
RV
pressure‐volume assessment with
MB
determination of Ees/Ea.
RV
ejection fraction (
RVEF
), stroke volume/end‐systolic volume, and single beat‐estimated Ees/Ea were also determined. Patients were treated with standard therapies and followed prospectively until they met criteria of clinical worsening (
CW
), as defined by ≥10% decline in 6‐minute walk distance, worsening World Health Organization (
WHO
) functional class,
PAH
therapy escalation,
RV
failure hospitalization, or transplant/death. Subjects were 57±14 years, largely
WHO
class
III
(50%) at enrollment, with preserved average
RV
ejection fraction (
RVEF
) (47±11%). Mean follow‐up was 3.2±1.3 years. Sixteen (62%) subjects met
CW
criteria.
MB
Ees/Ea was significantly lower in
CW
subjects (0.7±0.5 versus 1.3±0.8,
P
=0.02). The optimal
MB
Ees/Ea cut‐point predictive of
CW
was 0.65, defined by
ROC
(
AUC
0.78,
P
=0.01).
MB
Ees/Ea below this cut‐point was significantly associated with time to
CW
(
hazard ratio
5.1,
P
=0.001).
MB
Ees/Ea remained predictive of outcomes following multivariate adjustment for timing of
PAH
diagnosis and
PAH
diagnosis subtype.

Conclusions

RV
‐
PA
coupling as measured by
MB
Ees/Ea has prognostic significance in human
PAH
, even in a cohort with preserved
RVEF
.