bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Positive Language for Impact on individuals’ Behaviour in Medical Profession in the Light of Quranic Ethics
Authors: Dr. Noshaba Younus  , Dr. Asif Ali Butt  , Dr. Muhammad Ahsan  
Published: December 2020

This qualitative study is based on philosophical analysis (interpretive) that focuses on discussing the relationship of medical science with Islamic teachings to clarify the importance of Islamic rules and laws in the medical profession and the impact of these principles to promote good health and positive behavior. The medical profession and life sciences are proving all those facts today that came through Islam more than 1400 years ago. This study throws light on those universal golden rules given by the Quran in the perspective of medical science, health & hygiene and better mental health to be followed by the medical professionals and the fellow beings around. Quran gives easy and simple guidelines to maintain better health and behavior promoting the ultimate standards in the fields of medical and life sciences. These sciences should be based on Islamic principles to get most of the benefits out of it.
An Evaluative Study of English Language Teaching Methodology at Primary Level in Public Sector Schools of Hyderabad District
Authors: Nazir Bano  , Prof. Dr. Parveen  Munshi  , Prof. Qalander Shah Lakiaree  
Published: December 2020

Teaching and learning of English have been given a prominent position in the education system of Pakistan. The study aimed to evaluate the teachers’ methodology based on the activities in teaching English delimited to the government schools of Hyderabad district province Sindh. The stratified and random sampling techniques were applied to select the strata (boys & girls schools) from the taluka Hyderabad city, taluka Latifabad, and taluka Qasimabad of the district Hyderabad. The data were collected through the closed-ended questionnaire from 120 primary school teachers and the English achievement test paper from 1078 students of grade five. The results showed that the relationship between the teaching methodology and the students’ performance was significant. Therefore, an improvement in the teachers’ teaching methods can enhance the students’ performance in English. Likewise, the attitude of the teachers towards activities regarding learning English was negative. Moreover, the test result showed that only 11% of students passed the English test with the minimum test score while 89% of students failed the test. In the end, it was suggested that the government of Pakistan should arrange in-service training to train primary level school teachers. The teachers should focus more on activities and promote learning by doing techniques.
Fears, Tears, Trauma and Violence: A Critical Study of Physical and Psychological Fracturing Experiences in Mirza Waheed’s The Collaborator
Authors: Rana Kashif Shakeel  , Dr. Farzana Masroor  , Dr. Maria Farooq Maan  
Published: December 2020

Kashmir has been under the influence of militant forces for many decades. Violence, marginalization, and oppression at the hands of militants and the armed forces are common practices that have transformed the earthly paradise into hell. The plight of the people of Kashmir remained hidden from the world's eyes but in the first decade of the 21st century, many Kashmiri writers appeared on the horizon of the world literature to show the tormented picture of the valley to the world. Anglophone Kashmiri writings are characterized by the themes of violence and exploitative and coercive practices such as mass killings, disappearances, rapes, crackdowns, and uprootedness of the people. Mirza Waheed's The Collaborator is one of those dolefully poignant voices of Kashmir that tries to depict the true condition of the people of Kashmir. The present study intended to explore how the writer has portrayed the violent acts undertaken by the militants and armed forces resulting in traumatization and identity fragmentation of the oppressed masses. The multi-theoretical framework for this study was based on the power theory of Dennis H. Wrong (1995) and trauma theories of Cathy Caruth (1996), Jeffrey C. Alexander (2012), and Judith L. Herman (2015). These theories form a nexus and connect. The research focused on certain horrific events of the novel and traced the aspect of trauma resulting from violence, exploitation, and coercion. The findings of the study are eye-opening and add a contribution to the scarce body of research in the domain. It is a significant study because it highlights the condition of oppressed people that still need the attention of the world organizations, NGOs, and academic researchers for the alleviation of their trauma, misery, and excessive exploitation.
Electorchemical reasons corrosion of shield skins
Authors: Веревкин В.И. , Игушев В.Ф. , Терюшева С.А. 
Published: December 2020

Напряжения, возникающие в термопарах, образованных в сварных узлах стальных обшивок, оказываются сопоставимыми с напряжениями самых чувствительных термопар. Это определяет высокий уровень склонности стальных сварных соединений к электрохимической коррозии и объясняет повышенный интерес, проявляемый судостроителями к проблеме её элиминирования. Влияние на термоэлектродвижущую силу кремния носят резкий зигзагообразный характер. Усредненный собственный потенциал от перепада температур в стальной заготовке изменяется по синусоидальному закону. Найдено, что наибольшее значение электрического потенциала исследованных сталей характерно при содержании кремния ниже 0,2%. Температура окружающей среды оказывает значительное влияние на потенциал, что важно при значительном колебании температуры воды и воздуха. Возникла необходимость научного анализа и интерпретации накопившихся сведений. В работе представлен один из вариантов возможного теоретического объяснения наблюдаемых явлений.
The stresses arising in the thermocouples formed in the welded joints of the steel cladding are comparable to the stresses of the most sensitive thermocouples. This determines the high level of susceptibility of steel welded joints to electrochemical corrosion and explains the increased interest shown by shipbuilders to the problem of its elimination. The effect on the thermoelectromotive force of silicon is of a sharp zigzag character. The average self-potential from the temperature difference in the steel billet changes according to a sinusoidal law. It was found that the highest value of the electric potential of the investigated steels is characteristic when the silicon content is below 0.2%. The ambient temperature has a significant effect on the potential, which is important with significant fluctuations in the temperature of water and air. There was a need for scientific analysis and interpretation of the accumulated information. The paper presents one of the options for a possible theoretical explanation of the observed phenomena.
Unmanned vessel management concept
Authors: Бондарев В.А. , Волкогон В.А. , Нечаев Ю.И. , Рагулина И.Р. 
Published: December 2020

В работе рассматривается теоретический базис реализации поведения морских безэкипажных судов в нестационарной среде на основе современной теории катастроф (СТК), интегрирующей интеллектуальные технологии и высокопроизводительные вычисления в рамках мультифункционального программного комплекса (МПК). Стратегия управления транспортным потоком (ТП) определяет построение и интерпретацию поведения безэкипажных судов на основе центра дистанционного управления (ЦДУ). Интеллектуальная поддержка (ИП) процедур безэкипажного управления в ЦДУ обеспечивается с помощью многофункционального программного комплекса. Практическое приложение разработанной технологии безэкипажного управления ориентировано на использование гибридного моделирования, больших объемов данных (Big Data) в режиме экстренных вычислений (Urgent Computing – UC). Представлен новый подход интерпретации процессов и явлений, характеризующих эволюционную динамику безэкипажных морских судов в отличие от парадигмы безэкипажного управления, используемой в зарубежных странах. Рассмотрены примеры моделирования эволюционной динамики безэкипажных судов в различных условиях эксплуатации: при прохождении судна ледового поля со сложными образованиями; движение судна на ограниченном фарватере; виртуальное моделирование безэкипажного судна под воздействием морского волнения с частотным спектром.
The paper considers the theoretical basis for the implementation of the behavior of seagoing unmanned vessels in a non-stationary environment based on the modern theory of catastrophes, which integrates intellectual technologies and high-performance computing within the framework of a multifunctional program complex]. The traffic control strategy determines the construction and interpretation of the behavior of unmanned vessels based on the remote control center (RCC). Intelligent support of crewless control procedures in the RCC is provided using a multifunctional program complex (MPС). The practical application of the developed technology of unmanned control is focused on the use of hybrid modeling, large amounts of data (Big Data) in the emergency computing mode (Urgent Computing - UC). A new approach to interpreting the processes and phenomena that characterize the evolutionary dynamics of unmanned sea vessels, in contrast to the unmanned control paradigm used in foreign countries, is presented. The examples of modeling the evolutionary dynamics of unmanned vessels in various operating conditions are considered: when a vessel passes an ice field with complex formations; movement of the vessel on a limited fairway; virtual simulation of an unmanned vessel under the influence of sea waves with a frequency spectrum.
Numerical simulation of wave and wind effects on the anchoring system of a cage module for growing fish in marine areas
Authors: Тихонов Е.А. , Григорьев И.В. , Базыкин В.И. , Шубин А.А. 
Published: December 2020

В представленной работе рассматриваются технические аспекты совершенствования конструкции садкового модуля для промышленного выращивания рыбы. Цель работы: уменьшение затрат на систему удержания положения садкового модуля на водоеме. Задача, которую необходимо решить для достижения данной цели заключается в разработке новой системы удержания садков с учетом их взаимодействия в едином модуле. Для решения данной задачи использован патентный поиск и анализ сильных и слабых сторон известных технических решений садков и их систем. Проанализированы недостатки так называемой «норвежской системы» удержания садковых модулей. Разработана система удержания садкового модуля, в которой не подразумевается использование круглозвенных цепей, а натяжение системы обеспечивается балансирами. Кроме того, в методику расчета введен учет вертикальной составляющей при расчете реакции опоры якоря, что позволило боле точно рассчитать необходимую массу якорей с учетом уменьшения силы трения и архимедовой силы.
This paper discusses the technical aspects of improving the design of the cage module for industrial fish farming. Objective: to reduce the cost of the system for holding the position of the cage module on the reservoir. The task that needs to be solved to achieve this goal is to develop a new system for holding cages, taking into account their interaction in a single module. To solve this problem, we used patent search and analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of known technical solutions of cages and their systems. The disadvantages of the so-called "Norwegian system" for holding cage modules are analyzed. A system for holding the cage module has been developed, which does not imply the use of round-link chains, and the tension of the system is provided by balancers. In addition, the calculation method takes into account the vertical component when calculating the reaction of the anchor support, which made it possible to more accurately calculate the required mass of anchors, taking into account the reduction of the friction force and Archimedean force.
Analisis Penilaian Sikap Siswa Selama Pembelajaran Daring Pada Era Tatanan Baru
Authors: Eryuni Ramdhayani  , Wiwi Noviati  , Syafruddin  , Linda Deniati  , Erna Kurniati  
Published: December 2020

Penerapan pembelajaran daring tentunya diiringi oleh permasalahan baru dalam proses pembelajaran maupun dalam mengevaluasi siswa. Permasalahan pembelajaran daring yang diterapkan dalam era tatanan baru tentunya muncul terkait kesulitan guru dalam mengevaluasi siswa terutama dalam menilai sikap siswa selama pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara guru dalam mengakses penilaian sikap siswa selama proses pembelajaran agar dapat menjadi refrensi terhadap guru yang kesulitan dalam memberikan penilaian sikap terhadap siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan deskritif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner terkait mengenai analisis teknik penilaian sikap siswa selama pembelajaran daring pada era tatanan baru yang diisi oleh responden. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh bahwa penilaian sikap dalam pembelajaran daring sulit dilakukan dan hasilnya kurang akurat, Penilaian sikap selama pembelajaran daring masih sebatas guru melihat respon siswa dalam hal mengerjakan tugas yang diberikan., dan penilaian sikap menjadi hal yang perlu untuk dibenahi selama pembelajaran daring di era new normal dari segi kesiapan guru menyiapkan instrument dan mengkondisikan siswa agar mengembangkan karakter selama pembelajaran daring.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA FİZİKSEL RİSK ETMENLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AĞUŞ Muhammed , AKBEL Erten 
Published: December 2020

Ülkemizde ve dünyada insan yaşamının koruma altına alındığı sağlık kurumlarında çalışanlar birçok tehlike ve risklerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik, ergonomik ve psiko-sosyal olarak sınıflandırılan tehlike ve riskler, sağlık kurumlarında çalışanlarda işitme kaybı, Hebatit B, AIDS gibi bulaşıcı hastalıklar, kas ve iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıkları ve çeşitli psikolojik sorunlar başta olmak üzere birçok hastalığa neden olmaktadır.
Bu risk etmenlerinden gürültü radyasyon, aydınlatma, elektromanyetik alan ve termal konfor şeklinde sınıflandırılabilen fiziksel risk etmenleri bu kurumlarda çalışanlarda görülen sağlık sorunlarının önemli bir bölümünün nedenini oluşturmaktadır. Sağlık kurumlarındaki mevcut koşulların belirlenmesi, bu koşulların öngörülen standartlarla karşılaştırılmalarının yapılarak kısa ve uzun vadede çalışanlarda oluşturabilecek sorunların önceden tespit edilip gerekli önlemlerin alınması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada sağlık kurumlarındaki bugüne kadar tespit edilen tehlikeli durumlar ve bunların yol açtıkları sorunlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Origens da Religião e da Moral
Authors: Reclus Élisée 
Published: December 2020

O texto Origens da Religião e da Moral1 integra uma série de artigos publicados pelo anarquista-geógrafo francês Jacques Élisée Reclus entre o final do século XIX e início do XX nos quais o pensador apresenta suas reflexões sobre diversos assuntos em evidência no pensamento social deste período. Vários destes textos, relacionados a temas como religião, educação, progresso, família, alimentação e matrimônio, serviram como base para a redação final de alguns capítulos da sua grande obra O Homem e a Terra. No texto ora apresentado, o autor dedica suas considerações à compreensão da gênese e das relações entre a moral e a religião evidenciando, por meio da análise de práticas sociais criadas e reproduzidas por diversos povos ao longo da história da humanidade, que o medo, as tentativas de explicação dos fenômenos desconhecidos que ocorriam na natureza e a ação dos sacerdotes são elementos fundamentais para compreender religiões e moralidades específicas existentes nas diversas partes do mundo. Além disso, destaca que a reprodução de irracionalidades como as que promoveram o surgimento de rituais de sacrifício de pessoas e de animais são importantes elementos para a compreensão do desenvolvimento e consolidação de diversas religiões e estas irracionalidades estavam alinhadas aos interesses relativos à manutenção do poder.
Assessment of quality of minor millets available in the south Indian market & glycaemic index of cooked unpolished little & foxtail millet
Authors: Malavika Muthukaruppan , Shobana Shanmugam , Vijayalakshmi Parthasarathy , Ganeshjeevan Raman , Gayathri Rajagopal , Kavitha Vasudevan , Gayathri Nagamuthu , Savitha Ravichandran , Unnikrishnan Ranjit , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Malleshi Nagappa Gurusiddappa , Krishnaswamy Kamala , Henry Christiani Jayakumar , Mohan Viswanathan , Sudha Vasudevan 
Published: December 2020

Background & objectives:
Millets are widely marketed as healthier alternatives to white rice (WR). This study was conducted with two aims: firstly, to look at the nature and quality of minor millets available in the Chennai market and secondly, to estimate the glycaemic index (GI) of unpolished forms of the two most widely available minor millets, i.e. little (LM) and foxtail millet (FXM).

Methods:
A market survey was conducted of 100 food stores in four zones of Chennai, south India. Morphological features of market millet samples were compared with that of unpolished millets under stereo-zoom microscope, and the claims declared on the pack were evaluated. A consumer perception survey was conducted among 20 minor millet-consuming female homemakers. Finally, the GI of unpolished LM and FXM was evaluated using a validated protocol in 12 healthy volunteers.

Results:
Forty eight brands of minor millets were available, with LM and FXM being the most common. Most of the millet samples were identified as highly polished grains using stereo-zoom microscope. The product labels were misleading and showed no scientific backing for claims mentioned on the label. Most participants (12 of 20) were unaware of the fact that millets can also be polished like rice. Both LM and FXM exhibited high GI (88.6±5.7 and 88.6±8.7, respectively).

Interpretation & conclusions:
The availability and knowledge regarding unpolished millets was low. Both LM and FXM exhibited high GI. Hence, substituting millets for WR might be of limited benefit considering the glycaemic property in the prevention and management of chronic non-communicable diseases such as T2DM.
Multicentric validation of indigenous molecular test Truenat™ MTB for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples from presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in comparison with reference standards
Authors: Gomathi N.S. , Singh Manjula , Singh Urvashi B. , Myneedu V.P. , Chauhan D.S. , Sarin Rohit , Mohan Anant , Bhatnagar Anuj , Khangembam Jiten Singh , Kannan T. , Rao M.V.V. , Logani Jyoti , Dey Bindu , Gangakhedkar Raman R. , Swaminathan Soumya , Tripathy Srikanth 
Published: December 2020

Background & objectives:
Early case detection is essential to interrupt transmission and to prevent further spread of tuberculosis (TB) in high endemic settings. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) with visual read-outs are ideal as point-of-care tests. Truenat™ MTB is an indigenous chip-based NAAT for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which involves extraction of DNA and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using portable, automated, battery-operated instruments. The current multicentric study was aimed to evaluate Truenat for detection of MTB in sputum samples obtained from patients with presumptive pulmonary TB with reference to culture as gold standard and Xpert as a comparator.

Methods:
The study was conducted at four sites, namely ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra; and National Institute of TB and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi. Patients suspected to have TB were screened for eligibility. Two sputum samples were collected from each patient. Tests included smear, Xpert and Truenat directly from the sputum sample and culture by Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium and MGIT960 from decontaminated pellets. Sample used for Truenat assay was coded. Resolution of Truenat false positives was done using an in-house PCR with TRC4 primers.

Results:
The study enrolled 2419 presumptive TB patients after screening 2465 patients, and 3541 sputum samples were collected from the enrolled patients. Results of 2623 samples were available for analysis. Truenat showed a positivity rate of 48.5 per cent as compared to 37.0 per cent by Xpert. The sensitivities of Truenat and Xpert were was 88.3 and 79.7 per cent, respectively in comparison with culture.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Truenat MTB identified more positives among culture-confirmed samples than Xpert and had higher sensitivity. In addition, other advantageous operational features of Truenat MTB were identified which would be useful in field settings.
Evaluation of first information reports of Delhi police for injury surveillance
Authors: Yadav Sajjan Singh , Edwards Phil , Porter John 
Published: December 2020

Background & objectives:
Policymakers and health professionals need to know the distribution, patterns, trends and risk factors of injury occurrence to develop strategies that reduce the incidence of injuries. The first information report (FIR) of Indian police is one potential source of this information. The aims of this study were to identify the minimum data set (MDS) recommended for injury surveillance, to develop a tool for data extraction from FIRs, to evaluate whether FIRs contain this MDS and to assess the inter-rater reliability of the tool.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of incidents reported to Delhi Police in 2017. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify the MDS recommended for injury surveillance. A tool was designed for extraction of data, and its inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen's kappa and the percentage availability of each MDS data item in the FIRs, was calculated.

Results:
The literature review identified 24 reports that recommended 12 MDS for injury surveillance. The FIRs contained complete information on the following five MDS: sex/gender (100%), date of injury (100%), time of injury (100%), place of injurious event (100%) and intent (100%). For the following seven MDS, information was not complete: name (93.1%), age (67.2%), occupation (32.8%), residence (86.2%), activity of the injured person (86.2%), cause of the injury (93.1%) and nature of the injury (41.4%). The inter-rater reliability of the data extraction tool was found to be almost perfect.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Information on injuries can be reliably extracted from FIRs. Although FIRs do not always contain complete information on the MDS, if missing data are imputed, these could form the basis of an injury surveillance system. However, use of FIRs for injury surveillance could be limited by the representativeness of injuries ascertained by FIRs to the population. FIRs thus have the potential to become an important component of an integrated injury surveillance system.