bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum chymase levels correlate with severe dengue warning signs and clinical fluid accumulation in hospitalized pediatric patients
Authors: Rathore Abhay P. S. , Senanayake Manouri , Athapathu Arjuna Salinda , Gunasena Sunethra , Karunaratna Irantha , Leong Wei Yee , Lim Ting , Mantri Chinmay Kumar , Wilder-Smith Annelies , St. John Ashley L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDengue induces a spectrum of severity in humans from the milder dengue fever to severe disease, or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Chymase is a candidate biomarker that may aid dengue prognosis. This prospective study aimed to identify whether warning signs of severe dengue, including hypovolemia and fluid accumulation, were associated with elevated chymase. Serum chymase levels were quantified prospectively and longitudinally in hospitalized pediatric dengue patients in Sri Lanka. Warning signs were determined based on daily clinical assessments, laboratory tests and ultrasound findings. Chymase was significantly elevated during the acute phase of disease in DHF or Severe dengue, defined by either the 1997 or 2009 WHO diagnosis guidelines, and persisted longer in the most severe patients. Chymase levels were higher in patients with narrow pulse pressure and clinical warning signs such as severe leakage, fluid accumulation, pleural effusion, gall-bladder wall thickening and rapid haematocrit rise concurrent with thrombocytopenia. No association between chymase and liver enlargement was observed. This study confirms that serum chymase levels are associated with DHF/Severe dengue disease in hospitalized pediatric patients. Chymase levels correlate with warning signs of vascular dysfunction highlighting the possible functional role of chymase in vascular leakage during dengue.
Macrophagic myofasciitis and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma caused by aluminium adjuvants
Authors: Kim Hyunhee , Lim Ka Young , Kang Jeongwan , Park Jin Woo , Park Sung-Hye 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAluminium hydroxide is a well-known adjuvant used in vaccines. Although it can enhance an adaptive immune response to a co-administered antigen, it causes adverse effects, including macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF), subcutaneous pseudolymphoma, and drug hypersensitivity. The object of this study is to demonstrate pediatric cases of aluminium hydroxide-induced diseases focusing on its rarity, under-recognition, and distinctive pathology. Seven child patients with biopsy-proven MMF were retrieved from the Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) pathology archives from 2015 to 2019. The medical records and immunisation history were reviewed, and a full pathological muscle examination was carried out. The mean age was 1.7 years (8.9–40 months), who had records of vaccination against hepatitis B, hepatitis A, and tetanus toxoid on the quadriceps muscle. The chief complaints were muscle weakness (n = 6), delayed motor milestones (n = 6), instability, dysarthria, and involuntary movement (n = 1), swallowing difficulty (n = 1), high myopia (n = 1), and palpable subcutaneous nodules with skin papules (n = 1). Muscle biopsy showed MMF (n = 6) and pseudolymphoma (n = 1) with pathognomic basophilic large macrophage infiltration, which had distinctive spiculated inclusions on electron microscopy. The intracytoplasmic aluminium was positive for PAS and Morin stains. Distinctive pathology and ultrastructure suggested an association with aluminium hydroxide-containing vaccines. To avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment, we must further investigate this uncommon condition, and pharmaceutical companies should attempt to formulate better adjuvants that do not cause such adverse effects.
The Link Between Language and Spelling: What Speech-Language Pathologists and Teachers Need to Know
Authors: Moxam Carol 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working within the pediatric field will find themselves working with school-age children and consequently collaborating with teaching staff. Knowledge of the links between language, speech, and literacy can support and inform successful collaboration between the SLP and the teacher and their shared goal of facilitating the school-age child in accessing the curriculum. To facilitate and develop the collaborative working practices of SLPs working with school-age children and teaching staff, it is helpful, to both parties, to develop and extend their explicit understanding of the link between language, speech, and spelling.

Method
In this tutorial, I describe how verbal and written speech and language skills are inextricably linked and key to spelling development and progress. I will (a) discuss the complexities of spelling in the English language; (b) describe the links between language, speech, and spelling; and (c) propose a linguistically informed approach to spelling intervention.

Conclusion
SLPs have expertise in the key speech and language domains such as phonology, morphology, and semantics and are therefore well placed to play an important role in supporting learners in making links between these domains in relation to spelling development and intervention.
Pulsating chromosphere of classical Cepheids
Authors: Hocdé V. , Nardetto N. , Borgniet S. , Lagadec E. , Kervella P. , Mérand A. , Evans N. , Gillet D. , Mathias Ph. , Chiavassa A. , Gallenne A. , Breuval L. , Javanmardi B. 
Published: July 2020

Context. It has recently been shown that the infrared (IR) emission of Cepheids, constant over the pulsation cycle, might be due to a pulsating shell of ionized gas with a radius of about 15% of that of the star radius, which could be attributed to the chromospheric activity of Cepheids.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to investigate the dynamical structure of the chromosphere of Cepheids along the pulsation cycle and to quantify its size.
Methods. We present Hα and calcium near-infrared triplet (Ca IR) profile variations using high-resolution spectroscopy with the UVES spectrograph of a sample of 24 Cepheids with a good period coverage from ≈3 to 60 days. After a qualitative analysis of the spectral line profiles, we quantified the Van Hoof effect (velocity gradient between the Hα and Ca IR) as a function of the period of the Cepheids. We then used the Schwarzschild mechanism (a line doubling due to a shock wave) to quantify the size of the chromosphere.
Results. We find a significant Van Hoof effect for Cepheids with a period larger than P = 10 days. In particular, Hα lines are delayed with a velocity gradient up to Δv ≈ 30 km s−1 compared to Ca IR. By studying the shocks, we find that the size of the chromosphere of long-period Cepheids is of at least ≈50% of the stellar radius, which is consistent at first order with the size of the shell made of ionized gas previously found from the analysis of IR excess. Last, for most of the long-period Cepheids in the sample, we report a motionless absorption feature in the Hα line that we attribute to a circumstellar envelope that surrounds the chromosphere.
Conclusions. Analyzing the Ca IR lines of Cepheids is of importance to potentially unbias the period–luminosity relation from their IR excess, particularly in the context of forthcoming observations of radial velocity measurements from the Radial Velocity Spectrometer on board Gaia, which could be sensitive to their chromosphere.
Eine Fallstudie: Spiegelt die Sonografie das klinische Assessment wider?
Authors: Franettovich Smith Melinda M. , Mendis M. Dilani , Sexton Margot J. , Lavell Sharni , Lemcke Shane , Hides Julie A. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungMuskelverletzungen treten in Ballsportarten häufig auf, so auch im Australian Rules Football. Doch wie bestimmt der Physiotherapeut zusammen mit dem verletzten Spieler den richtigen Zeitpunkt für den Return to Game? Könnte Sonografie bei dieser Entscheidung unterstützen? Ein Forschungsteam aus Australien ging dieser Frage nach.
Successful Heart Transplantation after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Donors
Authors: Mehdiani Arash , Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Sipahi Nihat Firat , Boettger Charlotte , Dalyanoglu Hannan , Scheiber Daniel , Westenfeld Ralf , Aubin Hug , Lichtenberg Artur , Boeken Udo , Akhyari Payam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Heart transplantation (HTx) is the best therapy for end-stage heart failure. Unfortunately, death on the waiting list remains a problem. Decreasing the number of rejected organs could increase the donor pool.
Methods A total of 144 patients underwent HTx at our department between 2010 and 2019. Of them, 27 patients received organs of donors with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to organ donation (donor CPR) and were compared with patients who received organs without CPR (control; n = 117).
Results We did not observe any disadvantage in the outcome of the donor CPR group compared with the control group. Postoperative morbidity and 1-year survival (control: 72%; donor CPR: 82%; p = 0.35) did not show any differences. We found no impact of the CPR time as well as the duration between CPR and organ donation, but we found an improved survival rate for donors suffering from anoxic brain injury compared with cerebral injury (p = 0.04).
Conclusions Donor organs should not be rejected for HTx due to resuscitation prior to donation. The need for CPR does not affect the graft function after HTx in both short- and mid-term outcomes. We encourage the use of these organs to increase the donor pool and preserve good results.
ABO Blood Group System and the Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors between Men and Women with Cardiovascular Diseases—A Comparative Study
Authors: Katna Rachana , Rao Ch Srinivasa , M. Aswin Kumar , Fatima Farheen , Taranikanti Madhuri 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives The present study was designed to explore the relation between ABO blood group and cardiovascular risk factors in the patients attending tertiary care hospital in South India.
Materials and Methods One hundred nine patients, each male and female with different cardiovascular diseases, were included in the study and their ABO blood groups were analyzed with the cardiovascular risk factors. A detailed history was taken from all the patients regarding cardiovascular risk factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, and lipidemic. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and serum triglycerides were determined for assessing lipidemia. Blood grouping was done using standard tube technique. Red cell and serum grouping was performed and results documented. Association between ABO blood groups and cardiovascular risk factors was done using chi-square test and Spearman’s correlation.
Results The distribution of ABO blood groups shows that blood group O (41.28%) was more common in patients followed by group B (29.36%), group A (19.27%), and group AB (10.09%). One-hundred six cases (97.2%) were Rh D positive. A statistically significant difference was observed between gender and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and BMI with p value <0.05. In the study population, distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors, especially diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia, with ABO blood groups shows that there was no significant difference observed between blood groups and these cardiovascular risk factors. However, statistical significance was there between blood group O and hypertension (p = 0.03).
Conclusion There was no significant difference between the blood groups and the major cardiovascular risk factors were diabetes and lipids, but there was an association between blood group O and hypertension.
A criterion for uniform approximability of individual functions by solutions of second-order homogeneous elliptic equations with constant complex coefficients
Authors: Mazalov M. Ya. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A natural counterpart of Vitushkin’s criterion is obtained in the problem of uniform approximation of functions by solutions of second-order homogeneous elliptic equations with constant complex coefficient on compact subsets of

,

. It is stated in terms of a single (scalar) capacity connected with the leading coefficient of the Laurent series. The scheme of approximation uses methods in the theory of singular integrals and, in particular, constructions of certain special Lipschitz surfaces and Carleson measures.
Bibliography: 23 titles.
Controllable surface contact resistance in solution-processed thin-film transistors due to dimension modification
Authors: Mondal Sandip 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The solution-processed thin-film transistors (TFTs) have become the core requirement for the flexible and transparent electronics industry since they are fabricated using cost-effective techniques. However, the fabrication of low-dimensional TFTs by the solution-processing technique is still a challenge due to the surface contact resistance (ρ
c). The current study introduces a controllable ρ
c involving the effect of dimensions (channel width/length = W/L) on TFTs. The ρ
c was measured to be 2.04 × 109
µm VA−1 when the channel length (L) of the TFT was 40 µm. A substantial drop in the surface contact resistance to 1.8 × 108
µm VA−1 was found with L = 5 µm. Thus, a 91% control on ρ
c was obtained when L reduced to 40 µm from 5 µm. Such a controllable ρ
c was observed with respect to different dimensions of the TFTs. Indeed, an extreme control was obtained in the drain saturation current from 8 µA to 0.8 µA with respect to variation in dimension (W/L) from 15 to 2.5.
Chip-based superconducting traps for levitation of micrometer-sized particles in the Meissner state
Authors: Latorre Martí Gutierrez , Hofer Joachim , Rudolph Matthias , Wieczorek Witlef 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of two chip-based superconducting trap architectures capable of levitating micrometer-sized superconducting particles in the Meissner state. These architectures are suitable for performing novel quantum experiments with more massive particles or for force and acceleration sensors of unprecedented sensitivity. We focus in our work on a chip-based anti-Helmholtz coil-type trap (AHC) and a planar double-loop (DL) trap. We demonstrate their fabrication from superconducting Nb films and the fabrication of superconducting particles from Nb or Pb. We apply finite element modeling (FEM) to analyze these two trap architectures in detail with respect to trap stability and frequency. Crucially, in FEM we account for the complete three-dimensional geometry of the traps, finite magnetic field penetration into the levitated superconducting particle, demagnetizing effects, and flux quantization. We can, thus, analyze trap properties beyond assumptions made in analytical models. We find that realistic AHC traps yield trap frequencies well above 10 kHz for levitation of micrometer-sized particles and can be fabricated with a three-layer process, while DL traps enable trap frequencies below 1 kHz and are simpler to fabricate in a single-layer process. Our numerical results guide future experiments aiming at levitating micrometer-sized particles in the Meissner state with chip-based superconducting traps. The modeling we use is also applicable in other scenarios using superconductors in the Meissner state, such as for designing superconducting magnetic shields or for calculating filling factors in superconducting resonators.
Inner core anisotropy measured using new ultra-polar PKIKP paths
Authors: Brett Henry , Deuss Arwen 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY
We measure the seismic anisotropy of the inner core using PKPbc-PKPdf and PKPab-PKPdf differential traveltimes, as a function of the angle ζ between the Earth’s rotation axis and the ray path in the inner core. Previous research relied heavily on body waves originating in the South Sandwich Islands (SSI) and travelling to seismic stations in Alaska to sample inner core velocities with low ζ (polar paths). These SSI polar paths are problematic because they have anomalous travel time anomalies, there are no ultra-polar SSI paths with ζ &lt; 20° and they only cover a small part of the inner core. Here we improve constraints on inner core anisotropy using recently installed seismic stations at high latitudes, especially in the Antarctic, allowing us to measure ultra-polar paths with ζ ranging from 20°–5°. Our new data show that the SSI’s polar events are fast but still within the range of velocities measured from ray paths originating elsewhere. We further investigate the effect of mantle structure on our data set finding that the SSI data are particularly affected by fast velocities underneath the SSI originating from the subducted South Georgia slab, which is currently located just above the core mantle boundary. This fast velocity region results in mantle structure being misinterpreted as inner core structure and we correct for this using a P-wave tomographic model. We also analyse the effect of velocity changes on the ray paths within the inner core and find that faster velocities significantly change the ray path resulting in the ray travelling deeper into the inner core and spending more time in the inner core. To remove this effect, we propose a simple but effective method to correct each event-station pair for the velocity-dependent ray path changes in the inner core, producing a more reliable fractional traveltime measurement. Combining the new ultra-polar data with mantle and ray path corrections results in a more reliable inner core anisotropy measurement and an overall measured anisotropy of 1.9–2.3 per cent for the whole inner core. This is lower than previous body wave studies (3 per cent anisotropy) and in better agreement with the value of inner core anisotropy measured by normal modes (2 per cent anisotropy). We also identify regional variation of anisotropic structure in the top 500 km of the inner core, which appears to be more complex than simple hemispherical variations. These regional variations are independent of the SSI data and are still present when these data are excluded. We also find a potential innermost inner core with a radius of 690 km and stronger anisotropy.
ResFinder 4.0 for predictions of phenotypes from genotypes
Authors: Bortolaia Valeria , Kaas Rolf S , Ruppe Etienne , Roberts Marilyn C , Schwarz Stefan , Cattoir Vincent , Philippon Alain , Allesoe Rosa L , Rebelo Ana Rita , Florensa Alfred Ferrer , Fagelhauer Linda , Chakraborty Trinad , Neumann Bernd , Werner Guido , Bender Jennifer K , Stingl Kerstin , Nguyen Minh , Coppens Jasmine , Xavier Basil Britto , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi , Westh Henrik , Pinholt Mette , Anjum Muna F , Duggett Nicholas A , Kempf Isabelle , Nykäsenoja Suvi , Olkkola Satu , Wieczorek Kinga , Amaro Ana , Clemente Lurdes , Mossong Joël , Losch Serge , Ragimbeau Catherine , Lund Ole , Aarestrup Frank M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
WGS-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is as reliable as phenotypic AST for several antimicrobial/bacterial species combinations. However, routine use of WGS-based AST is hindered by the need for bioinformatics skills and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants to operate the vast majority of tools developed to date. By leveraging on ResFinder and PointFinder, two freely accessible tools that can also assist users without bioinformatics skills, we aimed at increasing their speed and providing an easily interpretable antibiogram as output.

Methods
The ResFinder code was re-written to process raw reads and use Kmer-based alignment. The existing ResFinder and PointFinder databases were revised and expanded. Additional databases were developed including a genotype-to-phenotype key associating each AMR determinant with a phenotype at the antimicrobial compound level, and species-specific panels for in silico antibiograms. ResFinder 4.0 was validated using Escherichia coli (n = 584), Salmonella spp. (n = 1081), Campylobacter jejuni (n = 239), Enterococcus faecium (n = 106), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 50) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 163) exhibiting different AST profiles, and from different human and animal sources and geographical origins.

Results
Genotype–phenotype concordance was ≥95% for 46/51 and 25/32 of the antimicrobial/species combinations evaluated for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. When genotype–phenotype concordance was &lt;95%, discrepancies were mainly linked to criteria for interpretation of phenotypic tests and suboptimal sequence quality, and not to ResFinder 4.0 performance.

Conclusions
WGS-based AST using ResFinder 4.0 provides in silico antibiograms as reliable as those obtained by phenotypic AST at least for the bacterial species/antimicrobial agents of major public health relevance considered.
Evaluation of histological specimens obtained by two types of EBUS-TBNA needles: a comparative study
Authors: Uchimura Keigo , Yamasaki Kei , Sasada Shinji , Hara Sachika , Tachiwada Takashi , Kawanami Toshinori , Kisohara Akira , Yatera Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration is a standard method for obtaining specimens of mediastinal and hilar lesions. Several types of needles of various sizes and materials are available. This study aimed to compare the quality of specimens collected using two needles, cobalt chromium and stainless steel for endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.

Methods
This retrospective study included data of patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA with a 22-gauge needle made from either stainless steel (41 lesions, 121 punctures) or cobalt chromium (47 lesions, 145 punctures). Histological data per puncture, diagnostic yield per lesion, procedure time and complication rates were compared.

Results
There were no significant differences between the groups in the baseline characteristics of the patients or lesions or in the complication rates. The rate of diagnostic histological specimens in each sample (71.0% vs. 58.7%, P = 0.039), fewer samples with cartilage alone (1.4% vs. 6.6%, P = 0.047) and fewer samples containing cartilage (7.6% vs. 16.5%, P = 0.034) were seen in the cobalt chromium needle group than in the stainless steel needle group. In both groups, the rate of specimens that only contained blood clots in each sample and diagnostic yield per lesion were similar, but the procedure time was significantly shorter (22 min vs. 26 min, P = 0.007) in the cobalt chromium needle group.

Conclusion
Compared with stainless steel needles, cobalt chromium needle for EBUS-TBNA showed lower cartilage contamination and a higher ratio of obtaining diagnostic specimens in each sample. Bronchoscopists should consider using the optimal needle gauges and materials for collecting adequate specimens.