bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication Overuse Withdrawal in Children and Adolescents does not Always Improve Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Moavero Romina , Stornelli Maddalena , Papetti Laura , Ursitti Fabiana , Ferilli Michela Ada Noris , Balestri Martina , Sforza Giorgia , Tarantino Samuela , Vigevano Federico , Valeriani Massimiliano 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background. MOH can be diagnosed in subjects with headache occurring 15 days/month in association with a regular medication overuse, but its existence is not universally accepted. ICHD-3 redefined criteria for MOH, removing the criterion associating drug suspension with headache course. Aim of our study was to compare the rate of patients diagnosed with medication overuse headache (MOH) according to ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria, to verify the degree of concordance. Secondary aim was to verify if drug withdrawal was really associated with pain relief.Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we retrospectively analyzed a sample of 400 patients followed for primary chronic headache at the Headache Center of Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital. We then selected those presenting with a history of medication overuse, and we applied both ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria to verify in which patients the criteria would identify a clinical diagnosis of MOH.Results. We identified 42 subjects (10.5%) with MOH; 23 of them (55%) presented a relief of headache withdrawing drug overuse. Regarding the applicability of the ICHD-2 criteria, 43% of patients (18/42) fulfilled all criteria, while all ICHD-3 diagnostic criteria were satisfied in 76% of patients (32/42). Eighteen patients (43%) satisfied both ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria, while 10 patients (24%) did not satisfy either diagnostic criteria.Conclusions. Our study suggests that in children and adolescents withdrawing medication overuse is not always associated with a clinical benefit. Therefore, though allowing a MOH diagnosis in a higher rate of patients as compared to ICHD-2, the application of ICHD-3 criteria does not guarantee a true a causal relationship between medication overuse and headache worsening.
Cancer-driven IgG promotes the development of castration-resistant Prostate Cancer though the SOX2-CIgG pathway
Authors: Qin Caipeng , Sheng Zhengzuo , Huang Xinmei , Tang Jingshu , Liu Yang , Xu Tao , Qiu Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Although Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the initial treatment strategy for prostate cancer, recurrent castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) eventually ensues. In this study, cancer-derived immunoglobulin G(CIgG) was found to be induced after ADT, identifying CIgG as a potential CRPC driver gene.Methods: The expression of CIgG and its clinical significance in prostate cancer tissue was analyzed by TCGA database and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the sequence features of prostate cell line (LNcap, DU145, PC3) VHDJH rearrangements were analyzed via comparison with the best matching functional germline IgVH, IgDH and IgJH genes. We also assessed the effect of CIgG on the migratory, invasive and proliferative abilities of prostate cancer cells in vitro and vivo. Cells with high CIgG expression (CIgGhigh) and low CIgG expression (CIgG-/low) from the PC3 cell line were sorted by FACS using a CIgG monoclonal antibody named RP215, then, suspended microsphere, colony formation and drug-resistant assays were performed. A NOD/SCID mouse tumor xenograft model was developed for the study of the tumorigenic effects of the different cell populations. The AR-SOX2-CIgG signaling pathway was validated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, Western blot, luciferase and ChIP assays and bioinformatics analyses. Finally, we investigated the effect of RP215 inhibition on the progression of prostate cancer in vivo using a Babl/c nude mouse xenograft model.Results: We demonstrated that CIgG was induced by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and upregulated by SOX2 [SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2] in prostate cancer, which may promote the development of CRPC. In addition, our findings underscore a novel role of CIgG signaling in the maintenance of stemness and the progression of cancer through MARK/ERK and AKT in prostate cancer.Conclusion: Our data suggests that CIgG could be a driver of CRPC development, and that targeting the SOX2-CIgG axis may therefore inhibit CRPC development after ADT.
Geohazards Affecting Cultural Heritage Monuments. A Complex Case Study From Romania
Authors: Ilies Dorina Camelia , Caciora Tudor , Herman Grigore Vasile , Ilies Alexandru , Ropa Madalina , Baias Stefan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The impact that geohazards have on cultural heritage requires continuous research in order to assess risks, prevention and conservation. This study has as the main research object, a uniquen monument in terms of its connection with the risk phenomena. It is about a wooden church historical monument from the village of Corbești, Romania, which was destroyed at the beginning of the tenth decade of the last century by a meteorological hazard, later reconstructed on a new site (in Oradea Municipality), and currently there is a risk of being affected by a geological hazard. The study focused on three main directions of research, namely: reconstructing the film of events, analyzing current risks and finding viable methods for future conservation and promotion. The methodology is based on extensive field research and the use of digital technologies. The results obtained confirmed the church's tendency to be affected by the emergence of a new risk phenomenon - landslides. In order to conserve and rebuild in case of need, the monument was digitized and a three-dimensional model of high accuracy was developed. This approach has the advantage of being low-cost, fast, non-invasive and providing large volumes of valuable information in the process of cultural heritage conservation.
The Global State and Development Trends of Research in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Fan Yinuo , Xin Pengfei , Cao Houran , Feng Wenjun , Li Jie , Deng peng , Zeng Jianchun , Zeng Yirong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) remains a great challenge for joint orthopedic surgeons. The purpose of this study is to identify promising research directions by comprehensively analyze the global status and development trend of research in PJI based on bibliometrics and visual analysis.Methods: Overall the literature about PJI from 1994 to 2020 was searched from Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). The extracted data (author, journal, institution, country or region, research orientation, support fund, Cited situation) were analyzed by bibliometrics. VOSviewer was used for bibliographic coupling, co-citation, co-authorship, co-occurrence analysis. According to the results of visual analysis, this paper explores the global status and hot prediction direction of PJI.Results: A total of 2,283 eligible publications were retrieved. In terms of the trend of previous years, an increasing number of PJI publications will be published. Among the countries in the world, the United States has the largest contribution to the field of PJI. Although “Journal of Arthroplasty” has published the largest number of articles, the most influential journal is "Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research”. Thomas Jefferson University has the largest number of publications of any organization. The study of PJI can be divided into four clusters: "Study on diagnosis", "Related risk factors", "Study on treatment", and "Study on anti-biofilm in vitro". The diagnosis and risk factors of PJI is considered to be a hot direction in the future direction.Conclusions: In recent years, the literature related to PJI has presented a continuous growth trend. The United States is the largest contributor to this field. More attention should be paid to the diagnostic and risk factors of PJI, which may be the future hot spots in this field.
In Vitro Activity of Methylene Blue on Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex Isolates
Authors: GAZEL Deniz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Methylene blue (MB) is used for bacterial staining, and as an antidote drug. We aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of MB against Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex clinical isolates. Methods: Seventeen stored Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates were inoculated into Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT) and incubated in Automated Mycobacterial Detection System (AMDS). MGIT tubes containing MB blue at concentrations of 0.2, 2, 20, 1000 µg ml-1 and control were prepared. Antibiograms were performed using AMDS. Results: Six isolates were susceptible to MB at all concentrations and five were susceptible to only 1000 µg ml-1 MB. Three isolates were susceptible to 1000 and 20 µg ml-1 MB. Susceptibility rate was found 94% when the critical concentration was accepted 400 GU (1/100 of control). Conclusions: MB may become an alternative anti-tuberculosis agent especially in the topical form of this drug due to their well-known side effects and dosing regimens.
CT Protocols for Attenuation Correction and Segmentation in 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT for 90Y Radioembolization Treatment Planning – a Simulation Study
Authors: Lu Zhonglin , Mok Greta S. P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Conventional 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) planar scintigraphy overestimates lung shunt fraction (LSF) as compared to SPECT/CT in 90Y radioembolization treatment planning. However, the respiratory motion artifact due to the temporal mismatch between static SPECT and helical CT (HCT) may compromise the SPECT quantitation accuracy by incorrect attenuation correction (AC) and volume-of-interest segmentation. The goal of this study is to systematically assess different AC and segmentation protocols for LSF, tumor-to-normal liver (TNR), organ absorbed dose and injected activity (IA) estimation in 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT.Methods The 4D XCAT phantom was used to simulate 10 patient anatomies with 99mTc-MAA distribution based on the clinical data, each with LSF of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, axial respiratory motion of 2 cm, different TNR and tumor size. An analytical projector for low energy high resolution parallel-hole collimator was used to simulate realistic noisy planar acquisitions, and 128 projections over 360o for SPECT, both modeling attenuation, scatter and geometric collimator-detector-response. Five attenuation maps, i.e., (i) HCT at end-inspiration (HCT-IN), (ii) HCT at mid-respiration (HCT-MID), (iii) HCT at end-expiration (HCT-EX), (iv) cine averaged CT (CACT) and (v) interpolated average CT (IACT) were applied for SPECT AC and segmentation in LSF, dosimetric and IA evaluation. Mid-respiratory phases were also extracted from CACT/IACT for VOI segmentation while CACT/IACT were used for AC, i.e., hybrid CT protocols.Results For LSF estimation, SPECT/CACT has the least absolute errors. Planar significantly overestimates LSF and lung absorbed dose compared to SPECT especially for LSF of 5%. SPECT-based is better than CT-based segmentation in TNR estimation. There is no statistically significant difference for different CT protocols for TNR, normal liver and tumor absorbed dose estimation. Hybrid CTs and HCT-MID performed the best for IA especially for higher LSF.Conclusions 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT with an appropriate choice of CT protocol for AC and segmentation is superior to planar in LSF and lung absorbed dose estimation. The 4D CT protocols are recommended for AC and segmentation to alleviate respiratory artifacts and improve quantitation accuracy in 90Y radioembolization treatment planning. HCT-EX would also be a recommended choice if 4D CT is not available.
Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Explore Absenteeism Attributed to Air Pollution and its Attributed Direct and Indirect Costs Among Private Sector Companies in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Authors: Ganbat Mandukhai , Erdenebileg Nasantogtokh , Batbold Chuluunbileg , Nergui Saruul , Anderson Ron , Heikens Alex , Sarantuya Moiltmaa , Wigfall Clarence , Warburton David 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, the coldest national capital city, has the highest winter seasonal mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10. During January, the coldest month, peak pollution levels are > 8 times higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values are reached, on average, 15.7 times. Over 80% of this seasonal air pollution is due to domestic heating with coal stoves in large ger residential communities that surround much of the city. This report presents an analysis of the direct and indirect costs of wintertime seasonal air pollution due to the absenteeism of private-sector employees.Methods Questionnaire data were obtained for 1330 employees working for private sector companies over six economic sectors. To assess employee’s direct and indirect costs, healthcare-related costs such as cost per hospitalization, medication, and outpatient visits were calculated using the Cost-of-Illness approach. Non-healthcare costs, such as transportation and food, were also estimated in the study. Individual Indirect costs were calculated with the Human Capital Approach, which estimates the hours of work lost by the person due to disease and then multiplies total lost hours by the hourly wage.Results Approximately 60% of employee absences occurred during the coldest and hence most air polluted time of 4 months of the year from November to February. Female employees were proportionately more likely to be absent than their male counterparts. Individual direct healthcare costs attributed to air pollution related-sickness absences totaled 1,005,000₮ ($361.50) per year due to being absent from work an average of 3 days three times during the winter in Ulaanbaatar. The median cost of lost wages for 3 days’ absence is 120,000₮ ($43.20).Conclusions We conclude that wintertime pollution has a major impact on absenteeism rates among private-sector employees, and therefore, we postulate that this must be a significant driver of opportunity costs, affecting not only corporate bottom lines but also employees.
Global COVID-19 spread: socioeconomic determinants and lessons for future pandemics
Authors: Ngepah Nicholas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper examines some factors that can complement public health systems in managing the spread of the COVID-19 with implications for preparedness towards possible future pandemics. It adapts and applies two suitable econometric models in the theoretical framework of social determinants of health. The one models are the Poisson’s Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) and the quantile estimator, applied to panel data for 195 countries over days of infection from first recorded case. The COVID-19-related data is from our world in data, and the socioeconomic variables are from the World Bank’s World Development indicators. The results suggest that enhancing capacity for early testing complemented by reduction of international exposure; improved management of population dynamics; ensuring better sanitation and hygiene practices and reducing alcohol use are key to addressing the rapid spread of the COVID-19, and readiness for future pandemics of similar a kind.
An increased pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts severe novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Jiang Desheng , Huang Huang , Chen Xiaofeng , Zhou Chunlei , Jiao Dongsheng , Fan Ping , Cui Qian , Liao Hui , Shi Binbin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify early warning signs for severe novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (COVID-19).Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 90 patients with COVID-19 at the Guanggu District of Hubei Women and Children Medical and Healthcare Center comprising 60 mild cases and 30 severe cases. The demographic data, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations and laboratory blood test results were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors that predicted severe COVID-19. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve of independent risk factors was calculated, and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of the prediction of severe COVID-19.Results The patients with mild and severe COVID-19 showed significant differences in terms of cancer incidence, age, pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and the serum albumin (ALB) level (P<0.05). The severity of COVID-19 was correlated positively with the comorbidity of cancer, age, NLR, and CRP but was negatively correlated with the ALB level (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the NLR and ALB level were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19 (OR=1.319, 95% CI: 1.043-1.669, P=0.021; OR=0.739, 95% CI: 0.616-0.886, P=0.001), with AUCs of 0.851 and 0.128, respectively. An NLR of 4.939 corresponded to the maximum joint sensitivity and specificity according to the ROC curve (0.700 and 0.917, respectively).Conclusion An increased NLR can serve as an early warning sign of severe COVID-19.
A Simple Botanical Key to Several Forage and Weedy Grass Seedlings For Use in a Student Laboratory Exercise
Authors: George J. R. , Pepper G. E. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTA dichotomous key using vegetative characteristics permits identification of grasses before emergence of inflorescences. Nine forage species and seven weedy grasses commonly found in the northern U. S. are described. Simplicity in design and terminology makes this key useful either as a laboratory exercise in crop science classes or by individuals wishing to evaluate a new forage seeding. Isolated plants can also be identified, or established stands can be evaluated before flowering. The use of potted specimens from the greenhouse and seedlings grown in the laboratory sandbench increases the effectiveness of this botanical key as an instructional tool.
Dialogue Testing
Authors: Lunden A. O. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTDialogue testing refers to individual oral impromptu presentations of specific questions, topics, or problems from the subject matter of a course. Tape recorded answers provide: (i) a semipermanent record for grading and evaluation; (ii) practical experience in oral presentation and handling of a microphone; (iii) the opportunity to evaluate responses by other students; and (iv) self‐evaluation by subsequent reply of the taped responses. Dialogue testing develops, as a primary objective, a learning experience to the student, and as a secondary objective, an acceptable means of evaluation by the instructor. This method was used experimentally in a junior‐level grain crops course in the fall semester of 1970. The most effective technique was to assign specific questions, provide at least 5 min for preparation, and allow 1 to 3 min for each response. Subject matter knowledge, understanding and presentation of principles of the course, and general growth of the student's confidence and oral communication were highly satisfactory. The method appears to have considerable merit for many teaching situations, as it provides the student with much needed experience in oral presentation, develops meaningful understanding of the subject matter, and allows effective evaluation.
Recent Advancements in Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Khan Sahil , Barve Kalyani H. , Kumar Maushmi S. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The only conclusive way to diagnose Alzheimer’s is to carry out brain
autopsy of the patient’s brain tissue and ascertain whether the subject had Alzheimer’s or any other
form of dementia. However, due to the non-feasibility of such methods, to diagnose and conclude
the conditions, medical practitioners use tests that examine a patient’s mental ability.

Objective:
Accurate diagnosis at an early stage is the need of the hour for initiation of therapy. The
cause for most Alzheimer’s cases still remains unknown except where genetic distinctions have
been observed. Thus, a standard drug regimen ensues in every Alzheimer’s patient, irrespective of
the cause, which may not always be beneficial in halting or reversing the disease progression. To
provide a better life to such patients by suppressing existing symptoms, early diagnosis, curative
therapy, site-specific delivery of drugs, and application of hyphenated methods like artificial intelligence
need to be brought into the main field of Alzheimer’s therapeutics.

Methods:
In this review, we have compiled existing hypotheses to explain the cause of the disease,
and highlighted gene therapy, immunotherapy, peptidomimetics, metal chelators, probiotics and
quantum dots as advancements in the existing strategies to manage Alzheimer’s.

Conclusion:
Biomarkers, brain-imaging, and theranostics, along with artificial intelligence, are
understood to be the future of the management of Alzheimer’s.
Changes of Radiographic Trabecular Bone Density and Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Vertical Dimensions Around Non-Submerged Dental Implants with a Laser-Microtextured Collar after 5 Years of Functional Loading.
Authors: Guarnieri Renzo , Miccoli Gabriele , Seracchiani Marco , D’Angelo Maurilio , Di Nardo Dario , Testarelli Luca 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
The progressive peri-implant bone remodeling caused by dynamic cycles of microdamage may change peri-implant bone characteristics and volume after the functional loading.
This prospective study was designed to evaluate the radiographic trabecular bone density and peri-implant vertical dimensional changes around the non submerged dental implant with a laser-microtextured collar (NSLI)s after 5 years of functional loading.

Methods:
Digital periapical radiographs of 58 NSLIs supported fixed single crowns and fixed partial dentures in 26 patients (14 men, mean age of 52 ± 3.8 years) were used for comparative evaluation between the implant placement [Baseline (BSL)], the definitive Crowns Delivery (CD) and the 5 years post-functional loading examination (T5). Regions of interest (ROI) were taken into consideration for the measurement of mean gray levels, standard deviation, and variation coefficient. The texture parameters, such as contrast, correlation, angular second moment and entropy, were investigated by using the software ImageJ (v.1.50i), by means of the Gray-level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) Texture Tool plugin. Vertical Peri-implant Marginal Bone Level (VPMBL) was assessed at the mesial and the distal sides of each implant by subtracting the measure at BSL from the measure at T5 by means of dedicate software (VixWin Platinum Imaging Software). Mixed regression models were adopted to analyze data. The possible effects of some variables, such as the use of provisional denture, location, crown/implant ratio, type of prosthetic design (single or splinted), on radiographic dimensional vertical changes, gray levels and texture analysis variables were also evaluated.

Results:
From BSL to T5, mesial and distal VPMBL showed a statistically significant gain of 0.9 ±0.5, and 0.10 mm ±0.6, respectively (P<0.05). From CD to T5, mean gray levels increased from 94.4±26.8) to 111.8±27.1 (P<0.05), while the coefficient of variation decreased from 0.08±0,03 to 0.05±0.04) (P<0.05). Variables showed no statistically significant correlation with texture parameters (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
NSLIs showed an increase in radiographic vertical peri-implant marginal bone levels and bone density up to 5 years of loading.