bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic incorporation of H218O into specific glucose‐6‐phosphate oxygens by red‐blood‐cell lysates as observed by 13C isotope‐shifted NMR signals
Authors: Coelho Margarida , Barosa Cristina , Tavares Ludgero , Jones John G. 
Published: August 2020

Water enriched with oxygen‐18 (H218O) is a potential tracer for evaluating the sources of glucose and glycogen synthesis since it is incorporated into specific sites of glucose‐6‐phosphate via specific enzyme‐mediated exchange/addition mechanisms. Unlike 2H, 18O does not experience significant isotope effects for any of these processes. Therefore, H218O might provide more precise estimates of endogenous carbohydrate synthesis compared with deuterated water provided that positional 18O enrichments of glucose can be measured. As a proof of concept, H218O was incorporated into a well characterized hemolysate model of sugar phosphate metabolism and 13C NMR was applied to quantify positional 18O enrichment of glucose‐6‐phosphate oxygens.Human erythrocyte hemolysate preparations were incubated overnight at 37 °C with a buffer containing sugar phosphate precursors and 20% (n = 5) and 80% (n = 1) H218O. Enrichment of glucose‐6‐phosphate was analyzed by 13C NMR analysis of 18O‐shifted versus unshifted signals following derivatization to monoacetone glucose (MAG).13C NMR MAG spectra from hemolysate revealed resolved 18O‐shifted signals in Positions 1‐5. Mean 18O enrichments were 16.4 ± 1.6% (Position 1), 13.3 ± 1.3% (Position 2), 4.1 ± 1.1% (Position 3), 12.6 ± 0.8% (Position 4), 10.7 ± 1.4% (Position 5), and no detectable enrichment of Position 6. No 18O‐shifted glucose‐6‐phosphate signals were detected in preparations containing sugar phosphate precursors only.H218O is incorporated into Positions 1‐5 of glucose‐6‐phosphate in accordance with spontaneous aldose hydration and specific enzymatic reaction mechanisms. This provides a basis for its deployment as a tracer for glucose and glycogen biosynthesis.
What is the role of transformational leadership, work environment and patient safety culture for person‐centred care? A cross‐sectional study in Norwegian nursing homes and home care services
Authors: Ree Eline 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo examine how transformational leadership, job demands, job resources and patient safety culture contribute in explaining person‐centred care in nursing homes and home care services.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsHealthcare professionals in four Norwegian nursing homes (N = 165) and four home care services (N = 139) participated in 2018. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine to what degree transformational leadership, job demands, job resources and patient safety culture dimensions predicted person‐centred care.ResultsTransformational leadership, job demands and job resources explained 41% of the variance in person‐centred care, with work pace as the strongest predictor (β = 0.39 p < .001). The patient safety culture dimensions explained 57.5% of the variance in person‐centred care, with staffing being the strongest predictor (β = 0.31 p < .001). There were small differences between nursing homes and home care. In total, transformational leadership, pace of work, staffing and factors related to communication were the strongest predictors for person‐centred care.
Curcumin Conjugates of Non‐steroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs: Synthesis, Structures, Anti‐proliferative Assays, Computational Docking, and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Laali Kenneth K. , Zwarycz Angela T. , Beck Nicholas , Borosky Gabriela L. , Nukaya Manabu , Kennedy Gregory D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn an effort to combine the anti‐proliferative effect of CUR‐BF2 and CUR compounds with anti‐inflammatory benefits of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a library of the bis‐ and mono‐NSAID/CUR‐BF2 and NSAID/CUR conjugates were synthesized by coupling flufenamic acid, flurbiprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, and ibuprofen to diversely substituted hydroxy‐benzaldehydes via an ester linkage, and by subsequent reaction with acetylacetone‐BF2 to form the bis‐ and the mono‐NSAID/CUR‐BF2 adducts. Since conversion to NSAID/CUR by the previously developed decomplexation protocol showed limited success, a set of NSAID/CUR conjugates were independently prepared by directly coupling the NSAIDs with parent curcumin. The bis‐NSAID/CUR‐BF2 and bis‐NSAID‐CUR hybrids exhibited low cytotoxicity in NCI‐60 assay, and in independent cell viability assay on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HCT116, HT29, DLD‐1, RKO, SW837, CaCo2) and in normal CR cells (CCD841CoN). By contrast, the mono‐naproxin and mono‐flurbiprofen CUR‐BF2 adducts exhibited remarkable anti‐proliferative and apoptopic activity in NCI‐60 assay most notably against HCT‐116 (colon), OVCAR‐3 (ovarian), and ACHN (renal) cells. Computational molecular docking calculations showed favorable binding energies to HER2, VEGFR2, BRAF, and Bcl‐2 as well as to COX‐1 and COX‐2, which in several cases exceeded known inhibitors. The main interactions between the ligands and the proteins were hydrophobic, although several hydrogen bonds were also observed. A sub‐set of six compounds that had exhibited little or no cytotoxicity were tested for their anti‐inflammatory response with THP‐1 human macrophages in comparison to parent NSAIDs or parent curcumin.
The cost‐utility of intravenous magnesium sulfate for treating asthma exacerbations in children
Authors: Buendia Jefferson A. , Acuña‐Cordero Ranniery , Rodriguez‐Martinez Carlos E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionAlthough evidence supports the use of intravenous magnesium sulfate (MS) in asthma exacerbations, MS continues to be considered a second‐line drug for managing pediatric asthma exacerbations. This study aimed to evaluate the cost‐utility of MS in asthma exacerbations.MethodsWe used a decision tree model to estimate the cost‐utility of MS compared to treatment without MS (control group) in children with asthma exacerbations. Cost data were obtained from a retrospective study from tertiary centers in Rionegro, Colombia, while utilities were collected from the literature. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was carried out using the Monte Carlo technique with a simulation of a hypothetical cohort of 10 000 patients to generate expected cost utilities with 95% confidence intervals. We used a cost‐effectiveness acceptability curve to evaluate the uncertainty surrounding the cost‐utility of MS.ResultsThe model showed that MS had a lower total cost than the control group (US $1149 vs US $1598 average cost per patient) and higher quality‐adjusted life years (0.60 vs 0.52 average per patient), showing dominance. The probability that MS provides a more cost‐effective use of resources compared with standard therapy exceeds 99% for all willingness‐to‐pay thresholds.ConclusionIntravenous MS was less expensive and more effective than treatment without intravenous MS in children with asthma exacerbations. Our study provides evidence that should be used by decision‐makers to improve clinical practice guidelines and should be replicated to validate its results in other middle‐income countries.
A Simple Reactive‐Flow Model for Corner‐Turning in Insensitive High Explosives, Including Failure and Dead Zones. I. The Model.
Authors: Williams Peter Todd 
Published: August 2020

AbstractI report on a novel simple reactive‐flow model that captures corner‐turning behavior, including failure and the creation of dead zones, in insensitive solid heterogeneous high explosives. The model is fast, has a minimum of free parameters, and is physically grounded in the underlying initiation and burn phenomena. The focus of the model is explosives based on triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), although the model is quite general. I initially developed the model and integrated it into a branch of a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) arbitrary Lagrangian‐Eulerian (ALE) code concurrently with other modelling efforts of mine, but I subsequently adopted it to study corner‐turning behavior in the TATB‐based high explosive PBX 9502 when two other available models suggested to me proved inadequate, being either prohibitively computationally expensive or numerically unstable. An early version of the model reproduces corner‐turning behavior in two diﬀerent double‐cylinder tests and a mushroom‐type corner turning test. The model was informed and influenced by other reactive‐flow models applicable to shock initiation or corner‐turning, most especially including JWL++ Tarantula 2011 and an in‐house piecewise‐linear CHEETAH‐based model that exhibits corner‐turning behavior, but also, to a degree, by Ignition & Growth (I&G), CREST, and the Statistical Hot‐Spot Model. The model also shares some similarities to SURF models. In this paper, I describe the model and its theoretical development as I originally conceived it, as well as subsequent improvements.
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation compared to conventional physiotherapy for adults with traumatic upper brachial plexus injury: A protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chagas Alessandra Carolina de Santana , Wanderley Débora , Barboza Paulo José Moté , Martins José Vicente Pereira , de Moraes Alexa Alves , de Souza Fernando Henrique Morais , de Oliveira Daniella Araújo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic upper plexus injury affects daily living activities performance and participation of individuals. Physical therapy treatment has a fundamental role on functional recovery, but it is still an unexplored and challenging field.AimTo develop a protocol to evaluate the efficacy of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) compared to conventional physiotherapy (CPT group) on functionality and quality of life.MethodsA committee was formed by four physical therapists to develop the treatment protocol. A Delphi study was carried out in order to quantify the level of agreement. A protocol for a randomized controlled trial was proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of the protocol in improving functionality and quality of life, according Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to PNF or CPT group and two weekly sessions will be carried out for 12 months postsurgery, with a three‐month follow‐up. The main outcome measurements are: upper limb functionality, quality of life, range of motion, muscle strength, tactile sensitivity, and pain, which will be assessed at baseline, on the 6th, 9th, and 12th months postsurgery.ResultA PNF protocol was developed for traumatic upper brachial plexus injury, consisting of 11 illustrated exercises, three for immediate postoperative and eight for postoperative. Biomechanical objectives, observations, positions of patients and therapists and PNF principles, procedures and techniques have been described. An 80% agreement on all items in the first round of the Delphi study was achieved.ConclusionA protocol based on the PNF‐concept was developed with the aim of improving the functionality and quality of life of individuals undergoing nerve transfer after traumatic injury to the upper plexus. The detailed description of a physical therapy treatment protocol through an appropriate method will allow its use in clinical practice and in future studies with this population.
Cotranslational folding of alkaline phosphatase in the periplasm of Escherichia coli
Authors: Elfageih Rageia , Karyolaimos Alexandros , Kemp Grant , de Gier Jan‐Willem , von Heijne Gunnar , Kudva Renuka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCotranslational protein folding studies using Force Profile Analysis, a method where the SecM translational arrest peptide is used to detect folding‐induced forces acting on the nascent polypeptide, have so far been limited mainly to small domains of cytosolic proteins that fold in close proximity to the translating ribosome. In this study, we investigate the cotranslational folding of the periplasmic, disulfide bond‐containing Escherichia coli protein alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) in a wild‐type strain background and a strain background devoid of the periplasmic thiol: disulfide interchange protein DsbA. We find that folding‐induced forces can be transmitted via the nascent chain from the periplasm to the polypeptide transferase center in the ribosome, a distance of ~160 Å, and that PhoA appears to fold cotranslationally via at least two disulfide‐stabilized folding intermediates. Thus, Force Profile Analysis can be used to study cotranslational folding of proteins in an extra‐cytosolic compartment, like the periplasm.
Beyond neighbouring: Migrants' place attachment to their host cities in China
Authors: Lin Sainan , Wu Fulong , Li Zhigang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe existing literature on migrants' social integration tends to focus on neighbourhood. Few studies have explored migrants' place attachment to their host cities, which might be a better scale for social integration. Drawing on the 2014 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this paper examines migrants' place attachment and explores how it is influenced by individual status and the factors of social and physical environment. It is found that migrants who live in commodity housing are more likely to feel attached to their cities in contrast with those who live in urban and rural villages. Although substantial evidence has shown that urban villages serve as an important venue for migrants' entry into the city and demonstrate strong neighbourly interactions, living in these neighbourhoods does not enhance migrants' place attachment to their cities. This claim is further supported by another finding that migrants who live in local resident‐dominated neighbourhoods tend to feel more attached to the city.
Rural residence and mortality in later life: Exploring the role of social integration and social support from a longitudinal perspective
Authors: Yang Tse‐Chuan , Sun Feinuo , Choi Seung‐won Emily 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThough prior research has attempted to understand the impact of rural residence in early life on later mortality, the role of social integration and social support in explaining the residential mortality gap remains unclear. We first use the inverse probability treatment weighting method to address the potential selection bias in the data and then apply the complementary log–log modelling to a unique person‐wave data drawn from the Americans' Changing Lives study. The results indicate that (a) respondents living in small‐towns (i.e., rural areas) after childhood have a lower risk of death than those living in either suburban areas or central cities, (b) including social integration and social support in the analysis further widens the gaps between small‐town respondents and central city participants, and (c) social integration and social support have opposite effects on mortality. Social integration and social support are important in shaping health, but they cannot explain the rural mortality advantage.
Investigation of structural and magnetoelectronic properties of new half‐metallic Heusler alloys Ru2VGexSb1−x (x = 0, 0.5 and 1): A density functional theory study
Authors: Bouras Farida , Bentouaf Ali 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe performed an ab initio study using a method named linearized augmented plane wave with a full potential (FP‐LAPW) based on the density functional theory. We predicted the physical properties of Ru2VGexSb1−x (x = 0, 0.5 and 1) Heusler alloys in L21 structure. We computed the magnetic and structural properties using the general gradient approximation. The modified Becke‐Johnson scheme was used to study the electronic structure of these compounds. The obtained results show that the lattice constants and the spin magnetic moments are in favorable agreement compared with theoretical values and experimental data. The computed densities of state (DOSs) of these compounds indicate a half‐metallic behavior with a real gap for the ternary materials, which gives perfect spin polarization, while for the quaternary one, the DOS indicate a nearly half‐metallic character with a pseudogap in the minority spin close to the Fermi level EF.
Robust centralized and integrated covariance intersection fusion Kalman estimators for networked mixed‐uncertain systems
Authors: Ran Chenjian , Deng Zili 
Published: August 2020

SummaryFor networked mixed uncertain time‐varying systems with uncertain noise variances, random one‐step measurement delay, state‐dependent and noise‐dependent multiplicative noises, and linearly dependent additive white noises, the robust local, centralized, and distributed fusion estimation problems are addressed. Three new approaches are presented, which include a new augmented state approach with fictitious white noises, an extended Lyapunov equation approach with two Lyapunov equations, and a universal integrated covariance intersection (ICI) fusion approach of integrating the minimax robust local Kalman estimators and their conservative cross‐covariances. They constitute a new important methodology of solving robust fusion estimation problems. Applying them, the local, centralized, and distributed ICI fusion time‐varying and steady‐state robust Kalman estimators (predictor, filter, and smoother) are presented in the sense that for all admissible uncertainties, their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds. Their robustness, convergence, and accuracy relations are proved. Specially, the proposed ICI fusers improve the robust accuracies of the original covariance intersection fusers, and overcome their drawbacks, such that the local estimators and their conservative variances are assumed to be known, and the conservative cross‐variances are ignored. A simulation example with application to a vehicle suspension system shows the effectiveness of the proposed approaches and results.
Flow and sediment behaviours and morpho‐dynamics of a diffluence−Confluence unit
Authors: Xie Qiancheng , Yang James , Lundström T. Staffan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA diffluence‐confluence unit is an elementary component within a river system and presents a complex yet linked pattern of both flow and sediment transport in between. This study deals, by means of field investigations and numerical modelling, with morpho‐dynamics of such a unit on the lower Yangtze River reaches. The unit comprises, looking downstream, a secondary (left) course and a main (right) course. Field surveys are performed for measurements of flow discharge, sediment loads at selected locations and river bathymetry at certain intervals. The field data show that the reach is mainly composed of suspended load, whose amount exhibits a declining trend with the elapse of time. Simulations in 3D are made to complement the field data and clarify the basic features of the unit, especially the partitioning of flow and suspended sediment in the diffluence and their subsequent reciprocal adjustment in the confluence. The results indicate that approach flow variations have a bearing on the diffluence flow partition. To augment flow discharge in the left branch, a training wall is devised in the diffluence to modify the intake flow. Secondary flow structures are found to be more influenced by the thalweg curvature than the flow division. The “inlet step” or differential topography contributes to the unequal flow division. In the confluence, a two‐cell flow structure coexists, which may diminish along with the dynamical adjustment of the two waters. The classical bed discordance is also observed. With the typical flow and sediment features, the main course is prone to slight erosion, while the secondary branch faces up with gradual siltation. These findings contribute to the understanding of the alluvial behaviours of such units, and provide reference for studies in similar situations and river management.
Metrics in automotive software development: A systematic literature review
Authors: Vogel Martin , Knapik Peter , Cohrs Moritz , Szyperrek Bernd , Pueschel Winfried , Etzel Haiko , Fiebig Daniel , Rausch Andreas , Kuhrmann Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSoftware is an integrated part of new features within the automotive sector, car manufacturers, the Hersteller Initiative Software (HIS) consortium defined metrics to determine software quality. Yet, problems with assigning metrics to quality attributes often occur in practice. The specified boundary values lead to discussions between contractors and clients as different standards and metric sets are used. This paper studies metrics used in the automotive sector and the quality attributes they address. The HIS, ISO/IEC 25010:2011, and ISO/IEC 26262:2018 are utilized to draw a big picture illustrating (i) which metrics and boundary values are reported in literature, (ii) how the metrics match the standards, (iii) which quality attributes are addressed, and (iv) how the metrics are supported by tools. Our findings from analyzing 38 papers include a catalog of 112 metrics of which 17 define boundary values and 48 are supported by tools. Most of the metrics are concerned with source code, are generic, and not specifically designed for automotive software development. We conclude that many metrics exist, but a clear definition of the metrics' context, notably regarding the construction of flexible and efficient measurement suites, is missing.
Data dimensionality reduction techniques for Industry 4.0: Research results, challenges, and future research directions
Authors: Chhikara Prateek , Jain Nikhil , Tekchandani Rajkumar , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: August 2020

SummaryFrom the last few years, we have witnessed the fourth generation industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), impact of which will be seen in the years to come in various disciplines such as healthcare, transportation, IoT, smart grid, autonomous vehicles, and image processing. These applications in Industry 4.0 may have data in the form of images, speech signals, videos having high dimensions containing multiple dimensions to represent data along different axis. So, the complexity of data processing increases with an increase in the dimensions of the dataset. Complexity can be viewed in terms of detecting and exploiting the relationships among different features of the dataset. These complexities among different attributes can be reduced with the help of dimensionality reduction techniques. These techniques reduce the dimensions from the original input dataset to a lower dimensional dataset. Dimensionality reduction methods are broadly categorized into two types asfeature extraction and feature selection. In feature selection method, out of the original set, a subset of features are identified to get a smaller subset which can be used to build the model whereas, the feature extraction method reduces the dataset of high dimensions to a lower dimension space, that is, a space with a less number of features having different values in comparison to the original dataset. Keeping focus on these points, in this article, we have compared and analyzed different data dimensionality reduction techniques which reduce the dimensions of a large and complex dataset during data processing. In addition, we have discussed various data dimensionality reduction techniques and compared these techniques with respect to various parameters. The comparison among various techniques provides insights to the readers about the applicability of a specific technique to the stand‐alone or a group of applications.