bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanisasi Dan HIV di Kota Bandung (Perspektif Geografi Kesehatan)
Authors: Ismail Arif , Dede Mohammad , Widiawaty Millary Agung 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Bandung city is one of the regions which have biggest suspects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Indonesia. Various attempts were made by the local government to tackle HIV's spread, but the trend is increasing in line with urbanization rate. Through a spatial perspective, this study aims to analyze the relationship between urbanization and spread of HIV in Bandung City through Spearman-Rank analysis and Global Moran’s I auto-correlation. Urbanization data were obtained from built areas based on remote sensing imageries, whereas the spread of HIV is provided by Bandung Health Office. The results showed that urbanization had a significant negative correlation with the number of HIV in Bandung City. The spatial distribution of HIV has an upward trend of 0.225 with a random pattern, with the highest increase occurred in Coblong sub-district. The dynamics distribution of urbanization and HIV in Bandung City had a centralized pattern with different spatial concentrations.
Keywords: Bandung City, built-up area, HIV distribution, urbanization
Abstrak
Kota Bandung merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki penyintas HIV tertinggi di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah guna menanggulangi penyebaran HIV, meskipun tren pertumbuhan dan penyebarannya terus meningkat sejalan dengan urbanisasi. Melalui perspektif spasial, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara laju urbanisasi terhadap penyebaran dan tren HIV di Kota Bandung melalui analisis korelasi Spearman-Rank dan autokorelasi Global Moran’s I. Data urbanisasi diperoleh dari jumlah lahan terbangun yang berbasis citra penginderaan jauh, sedangkan sebaran dan jumlah HIV merujuk pada informasi resmi dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan urbanisasi memiliki korelasi negatif yang signifikan terhadap jumlah HIV di Kota Bandung. Penyebaran HIV secara spasial mengalami tren kenaikan sebesar 22.5 persen dengan pola acak, dengan kenaikan tertinggi terjadi di kecamatan Coblong. Dinamika distribusi urbanisasi dan jumlah HIV di Kota Bandung memiliki pola memusat dengan konsentrasi spasial yang berbeda.
Kata kunci: Kota Bandung, lahan terbangun, urbanisasi, persebaran HIV
STUDI KOMPARASI PENERAPAN TINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI (LEVELS OF INQUIRY) TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP KIMIA PADA SISWA DENGAN PENGETAHUAN AWAL BERBEDA
Authors: Salim Salim , Hidayati Siti Rasyida 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan penerapan tingkatan pembelajaran inkuiri (PIT-2, PIT-3, PIT-4) terhadap peningkatan penguasaan konsep kimia pada pengetahuan awal siswa yang berbeda. Kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen diberikan prates dan pascates, pada sebelum dan sesudah penerapan tingkatan pembelajaran inkuiri. Sampel penelitian adalah Siswa kelas X MAN Sampang tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang ditentukan sebanyak tiga kelas secara acak dengan Teknik cluster random sampling. Masing-masing kelas mendapatkan perbedaan perlakuan berdasarkan tingkatan pembelajaran inkuiri. Kelompok eksperimen 1 diterapkan pembelajaran inkuiri tingkat 3 (PIT-3), kelompok eksperimen 2 diterapkan pembelajaran inkuiri tingkat 4 (PIT-4) dan kelompok kontrol diterapkan pembelajaran inkuiri tingkat 2 (PIT-2). Data pengetahuan awal diperoleh dari nilai kimia pada penilaian akhir semester (PAS) sebelumnya. Instrumen tes berupa soal obyektif pilihan ganda dengan reliabilitas tes sebesar 0,76. Analisa data menggunakan uji ANOVA. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan: (1) pembelajaran inkuiri tingkat 2 (PIT-2), tingkat 3 (PIT-3) dan tingkat 4 (PIT-4) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap peningkatan penguasaan konsep, (2) pengetahuan awal berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penguasaan konsep, (3)Tidak ada interaksi tingkatan pembelajaran inkuiri dan pengetahuan alam terhadap peningkatan penguasaan konsep. (4) Pembelajaran inkuiri tingkat 3 (PIT-3) lebih efektif dari PIT-2 dan PIT-4 dalam meningkatkan penguasaan konsep pada pengetahuan awal siswa yang berbeda.
Revisiting euphemisation strategies for English to Indonesian subtitle context
Authors: Purnomo SF. Luthfie Arguby , Pratama Ikke Dewi , Untari Lilik , Purnama SF. Lukfianka Sanjaya , Anggraini Novianni 
Published: September 2020

Character equivalence and offensive word rank in subtitling context are understudied on the previous studies on euphemisation strategies. The exclusion of these two concerns leaves the prior constructed euphemisation strategies unable to explain how shifts on narrative identity might occur and how taboo words are functionally negotiated. In addressing this issue, the study investigates the relationship between offensive word levels with character equivalence and narrative identity, types of euphemisation strategies, and the strategies' implementation. The data were collected from the English and Indonesian versions of four films containing taboo words, which were analyzed by applying the theories of offensiveness rank by Ofcom, constructed in English as a foreign language context, and character equivalence by Petrucci. The findings indicate that offensive word translation suffers a rank shift on offensive word ranks Departing from these findings. We propose euphemisation strategies with offensive word rank and character equivalence as the primary narrative basis with mediality and subtitling standard as the primary mechanical basis. Those strategies are downgrading, degrading, sidegrading, outgrading, ingrading, and retrograding. The reasons of euphemisation strategy implementation are bipolarly divided into aesthetics and mechanics in relation to distances and perspectives of the applied offensive words.
Pemikiran Gramatikal Bahasa Arab Oleh Linguistik Arab (Studi Tokoh Lintas Madzhab Nahwu)
Authors: Wahyudi Hakmi , Hidayat Hakmi , Hakim Sri Wahyuni 
Published: September 2020

The grammatical thinking of Arabic begins with the phenomenon of giving a society and how to read words in Arabic both before Islam and after the spread of Islam. If the benchmarks are from Islam then the grammatical is related to the Qur'an but if with before Islam the grammatical Arabic is related to Arabic words such as poetry and Arabic prose. Grammatical development also grows and develops according to the early pioneers and learning methods. So that each grammatical cleric of Arabic composes independently until the grammatical is mature epitimologies, each grammatical cleric of Arabic is like a teacher and student relationship. The Aim this study is illustrate how each grammatical thinker of Arabic language originates and develops the grammatical, so that it becomes a standard science until now as linguistic studies in linguistics. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method with data analysis in the form of data interpretation called ta'wil and hermeneutics. The findings of this research are self-composed science in the grammatical history of Arabic such as Uslub Taajjub, harakat and the point by Abu Aswad ad Duali, Arudh Qawafi by Khalil Ahmad Al Farahidi, taukid and ‘ataf Bayan by Sibawaiyh. Lafadz and Meaning by Ibn Jinni, al Ma’ani by Jurjani and other Arabic grammatical scholars.Pemikiran linguistik bahasa arab berawal dari fenomena untuk memberikan harakat dan cara membaca sebuah kata-kata dalam bahasa arab baik sebelum Islam maupun setelah menyebarnya agama Islam. Jika tolak ukurnya dari Islam maka gramatikal tersebut berhubungan dengan al Qur’an tapi jika dengan sebelum Islam maka gramatikal bahasa arab tersebut berhubungan dengan kalam-kalam Arab. Perkembangan gramatikal pun tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai perintis awal dan perkembangannya. Sehingga masing-masing ulama gramatikal bahasa arab menyusun secara mandiri walaupun sebelumnya disusun gramatikal tersebut, setiap ulama gramtikal bagaikan hubungan guru dan murid. Tujuan penelitian ini pun menggambarkan bagaimanakah masing pemikir gramatikal bahasa arab mencetus dan mengembangkan gramatikal tersebut, sehingga menjadi ilmu yang baku sampai sekarang sebagai kajian-kajian linguistik dalam ilmu bahasa . Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dengan analisis data berupa interpretasi data yang disebut dengan ta’wil dan hermeneutika.
DINAMIKA DAKWAH ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF MANAGEMEN PERUBAHAN DI KECAMATAN TAMPAN
Authors: Ginda Ginda 
Published: September 2020

Although there are indications of religious and social piety of society lately, which is characterized by increasing volumes of awareness in worship and activities of spiritual routines at almost all levels of society, it is not at the same time expressed to reflect the level of qualitative understanding and practice of Islam. Because there are also indications that suggest that such behaviors are only a symbol of social piety, while worship carried out by the ummah is only limited to carrying out duties and rituals. Majelis Taklim as an Islamic da'wah institution that is continuously present in the community such as not having a contribution in assisting the community "dealing" with such phenomena. The research of the Majelis Taklim in the perspective of change management found several important problems that caused the Majelis Taklim to not contribute optimally as a da'wah institution in the midst of the community.
The Study of Data Security in Cloud Computing
Authors: Abubakar Abdullahi , Babate Alhaji Idi , Ishola Abdulhakeem , Sani Asma’u Muhammad 
Published: September 2020

Cloud computing holds the possibility to annihilate the needs for setting up of costly computing infrastructure for IT-based services and proffering IT Solutions. It offers an adaptable IT architecture which is accessible via the internet for lightweight and hand-held compact gadgets. The concept has encouraged numerous folds to improve in the capacity or capabilities of the existing and new software. In the cloud computing environment, the whole data/information is available over a set of networked resources, empowering the information to be accessible via virtual machines. Considering the fact that the cloud computing server may be located in any part of the world beyond the reach and control of users, there are various security issues and privacy challenges that need to be clearly understood with a view to identifying how to mitigate them. Likewise, there are possibilities of the imminent breakdown of servers which have been witnessed in recent times. This research addresses the security issues connected with cloud computing, provides analysis of the militating factors against the successful implementation of cloud computing and proffers useful recommendations on how to ameliorate identified issues.
Anesthetic Techniques for Urological Surgeries in Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors: Efu M. E. , Ogwuche E. I. , Ojo B. A. , Eke B. A. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Urological surgery entails operating on the urinary system. Like every other surgery, they require anesthesia for the elimination of surgical pain. The organ to be operated as well as surgical approach determines the choice of anaesthesia used. This may be in the form of regional (including neuroaxial anesthesia) or general or even local anesthesia. This study was conducted to ascertain the anesthetic techniques employed for urological surgeries in the Benue State University Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi, Nigeria.
Methodology: This was a three-year retrospective study carried out in BSUTH, Makurdi, Nigeria. A total of 125 case files of eligible patients were retrieved from the records department following approval of an application. Relevant information was extracted from the patients’ folders and transferred into a prepared proforma. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25 using simple statistics.
Results: The age group with the highest number is that between 61 and 70 years, recording 40 (32.0%). The mean age was 54.0±20.4 Males were a clear majority with 119 cases accounting for 95.2% while only 6 cases (4.8%) involved females. The male to female ratio was 19.8:1. Most of the patients belonged to ASA II which recorded 70 (56.0%). Of the total of 125 diagnoses made, cancer of the prostate (CaP) was the highest with 63 (50.4%). The most common surgical procedure was prostate biopsy which was undertaken 58 times accounting for 46.4% of the procedures. Caudal block was employed most with 59 (47.2%). This was followed by Local infiltration with 30 (24.0%). Eighty-eight patients had surgery on day case basis while 37 patients underwent surgery as in-patients representing 70.4% and 29.6% of the study group respectively.
Conclusion: Urological procedures are mostly infra-umbilical and are thus quite amenable to either regional or local anesthesia. This study has shown that caudal epidural block is the anesthetic technique of choice in urological surgery in this centre. Local anesthesia and sub-arachnoid block are next in that order. GA is not often employed. LA and regional techniques involve fewer disturbances to the respiratory system, and these were the anaesthetic methods mostly employed as established in this study.
Knowledge of Modern Contraceptives Methods and Its Uptake Among Female Students of a Tertiary Educational Institution in South- South Nigeria
Authors: Agbo O. J. , Eguvbe A. O. , Alabra P. W. , Alagoa D. O. 
Published: September 2020

Background: The use of modern forms of contraception can significantly improve women reproductive health. The rate of sexually transmitted disease, unwanted pregnancies and maternal morbidity and mortality can be significantly reduced following the use of modern forms of contraception. However, there is paucity of studies on the place of modern forms of contraception in improving women reproductive health in Yenagoa.
Objective: This study aimed to access the knowledge of modern forms of contraceptive methods and its uptake among female students of Federal University Otueke, Bayelsa State.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted among the female students of Federal University Otueke Bayelsa State. To elicit information about their knowledge of modern forms of contraceptives methods and its uptake. A structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain required information for the study from a total of 424 students.
Results: A total of 424 female undergraduates students of the Federal University Otueke were enrolled for the study. The mean age group of the participants was 20.9±3.2 years. The study showed that most of responds have good knowledge of contraceptives (97.4 %). The awareness of family planning was 96.7%. The study showed that age was found to influence the awareness of contraceptives. (x2=11.8;df=3;p<0.05). Most of the respondents had used oral contraceptive pills 146 (34.4%); followed by those that had used Condom 138 (32.5%).
Conclusion: Our study showed that the respondents demonstrated a high level of knowledge and awareness of family planning. However, it is worrisome to note that the uptake of modern forms of contraceptives was low. The importance of improving the uptake of these forms of contraceptives cannot be over-emphasized, especially in our societies where the protection of the reproductive health of young women is paramount.
Impact of Physical Activity and Stress on Academic Performance of MBBS Students of Rawalpindi Medical University
Authors: Maqbool Shahzaib , Safian Hafiz Abu , Mubeen Haider , Arsh Laraib , Khan Muhammad Sarfraz , Sundus Omaima 
Published: September 2020

Trend of getting medical education is increasing day by day in our society. Our tough educational system and intricate pattern of medical education is rendering the medical students to become more stressed and physically inactive affecting directly or indirectly their academic achievements and deteriorating their cognitive and learning skills. The purpose of our study is to evaluate how physical activity and stress level affect academic performance of medical students. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study with sample size of 304. The study population was from all the five years of MBBS in Rawalpindi Medical University. The study duration was 1-month. Data collection was done through International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and through perceived stress scale (PSS). Analysis was done through SPSS V. 23. The gender and academic performance are showing significant association with females being on high achievers’ side as compared to males. The physical activity and gender association was also significant with males being physically more active. However, the association of academic performance with stress level and physical activity was not significant with (P-value >0.005). PSS-score between high achiever and low achiever was not significant with (P-value = 0.187) and confidence interval of 95%. However, Pearson's correlation between IPAQ score and academic performance was significant with (P-value = 0.036), It was negative showing that high IPAQ score Correlates with low academic performance. Male students were physically more active, obtaining relatively less percentage academically with less preponderance towards high level of stress as compared to female students.
Nanomedicine and Immunotherapy for Cancers
Authors: Navas A. A. , Doreswamy N. , Joseph Francis P. J. 
Published: September 2020

Nanomedicine contributes to cancer therapeutics in several ways, harnessing some of the remarkable properties of nanomaterials to target tumor cells with increasing specificity. Nano-scale therapeutic strategies enable the simultaneous transport of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs across physical and physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier. Alternative routes of drug administration, such as the intranasal route, have become viable, with more promising therapies for highly lethal tumors like glioblastomas. Cancer nanomedicine allows increased solubility and bioavailability of anti-cancer drugs, reducing their toxicity.
Multi-drug delivery systems such as dendrimers, noble metal nanoparticle drug delivery systems, nanoparticle-based theranostics, and nano-biomarkers may well bring about a sea change in cancer therapeutics. This review presents an overview of the scope of cancer nanomedicine, including immunotherapy for cancer.
Analisis Variasi Penggunaan Busi pada Sepeda Motor Yamaha Vixion Tahun 2015 Terhadap Daya, Torsi dan Emisi Gas Buang
Authors: Prasetiyo Adriansyah , Rifdarmon Rifdarmon 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of variations of spark plugs on power, torque and exhaust emissions produced by Yamaha Vixion motorcycles in 2015. This study uses an experimental method with three variations of spark plugs. The results of research on nickel spark plugs obtained a maximum power of 12.7 Kw, a maximum torque of 11.14 N.m and exhaust gas emissions with CO levels of 4.24%, CO2 9.03%, HC 1214ppm. In platinum spark plugs there is an increase in power of 1.55%, torque of 0.89% torque and exhaust emissions with levels of 5.18% CO, 9.2% CO2, HC 1134ppm. Furthermore, iridium spark plugs have an increase in power of 4.5%, a torque of 3.47% and exhaust gas emissions with CO levels of 5.27%, CO2 9.6%, HC 1293ppm. That is, there is an influence from the use of variations of spark plugs on power, torque and exhaust emissions on Yamaha Vixion motorcycles in 2015.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan variasi busi terhadap daya, torsi dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan oleh sepeda motor Yamaha Vixion tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan tiga variasi busi. Hasil penelitian pada busi nikel didapatkan daya maksimal sebesar 12,7Kw, torsi maksimal sebesar 11,14 N.m dan emisi gas buang dengan kadar CO 4,24%, CO2 9,03%, HC 1214ppm. Pada busi platinum terdapat peningkatan daya sebesar 1,55%, torsi torsi 0,89% dan emisi gas buang dengan kadar CO 5,18%, CO2 9,2%, HC 1134ppm. Selanjutnya, pada busi iridium terdapat peningkatan daya sebesar 4,5%, torsi sebesar 3,47% dan emisi gas buang dengan kadar CO 5,27%, CO2 9,6%, HC 1293ppm. Artinya, terdapat pengaruh dari penggunaan variasi busi terhadap daya, torsi dan emisi gas buang pada sepeda motor Yamaha Vixion tahun 2015.
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN CONSTRUCTING ADJECTIVE CLAUSE IN ESSAY WRITING
Authors: Haryani Efrina , Fatimah Sitti 
Published: September 2020

Grammar is an essential language component that should be concerned to create a good writing, no exception to the use of adjective clause. However, there are still some problems identified in the adjective clause construction. The purpose of the research is to figure out students’ ability in constructing adjective clause. The design used in this research is descriptive research with second year students of English Language Education Program of UNP as the research population. There were 31 students taken as the research sample selected by using stratified sampling technique out of 162 students. The data were collected through document analysis and Hortatory Exposition essays were chosen as the source of the data. The essays were analyzed by two raters and the score was classified based on score classification. Then, the problems were identified from the students’ adjective clause construction in the essays. The result of the study showed that the students’ ability in constructing adjective clause is categorized into excellent with the average percentage 87. 94%. The common problem found in the students’ adjective clause construction is in sentence element which has total 37.04% problems identified. Students tend to disregard the element of the sentence, such as subject and verb.
TASK TYPES FOUND IN THE TEXTBOOKS“BAHASA INGGRIS: WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL”AND BRIGHT AN ENGLISH COURSE FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Huda Nurul , Syafei An Fauzia Rozani 
Published: September 2020

This research is a descriptive research that is aimed to describe the task types and to see the frequent task types that appeared in the textbooks entitled “Bahasa Inggris: When English Rings a Bell” and Bright an English Course for junior high school. The data was gained by using a data format. The data format is a table to classify the types the task types found in the textbooks. The data format is adapted from Nunan’s typology of task (1999). The result of this research revealed that most of the task types proposed by Nunan (1999) were covered by these two textbooks. However, some of the tasks had the highest frequency in each textbooks, while some had the least. In addition, there were some subcategories that were ignored in each textbooks
The Use of Google Classroom during Pandemic
Authors: Okmawati Mike 
Published: September 2020

Educational systems worldwide has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, leading to the near-total closures of schools, and colleges. Most governments around the world have temporarily closed educational institutions in order to restrain the spread of Covid-19 . This requires all elements of education to adapt and to continue the teaching learning process. The Indonesia Government assigns the distance learning sistem using online learning. This is effective solution to activate classroom eventhough school have been closed to reduce the spread of covid-19. Many platforms of digital sources have been implemented by school, one of them is using Google Classroom. This research aims to get review of using Google Classroom during this pandemic. This study was library research that describe the phenemenon of using Google Classroom. The result of the research finding prove that it is effective to use this platform. It is one way to be considered by the schools and teachers to provide students by e learning that can be attracted for the students, while the process of teacher learning move to virtual classes. Key words: Google Classroom, Pandemic, Covid-19, Online Learning