bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Conjugated Polymers for Visible‐Light‐Driven Water Splitting
Authors: Zhao Chengxiao , Chen Zupeng , Shi Run , Yang Xiaofei , Zhang Tierui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWith the ambition of solving the challenges of the shortage of fossil fuels and their associated environmental pollution, visible‐light‐driven splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen using semiconductor photocatalysts has emerged as a promising technology to provide environmentally friendly energy vectors. Among the current library of developed photocatalysts, organic conjugated polymers present unique advantages of sufficient light‐absorption efficiency, excellent stability, tunable electronic properties, and economic applicability. As a class of rising photocatalysts, organic conjugated polymers offer high flexibility in tuning the framework of the backbone and porosity to fulfill the requirements for photocatalytic applications. In the past decade, significant progress has been made in visible‐light‐driven water splitting employing organic conjugated polymers. The recent development of the structural design principles of organic conjugated polymers (including linear, crosslinked, and supramolecular self‐assembled polymers) toward efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and overall water splitting is described, thus providing a comprehensive reference for the field. Finally, current challenges and perspectives are also discussed.
Pumping of Ionic Liquids by Liquid Metal‐Enabled Electrocapillary Flow under DC‐Biased AC Forcing
Authors: Xue Rui , Liu Weiyu , Jiang Tianyi , Song Chunlei , Jiang Hongyuan , Ren Yukun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA novel method is proposed to pump room‐temperature ionic liquids (ILs) by making use of liquid‐metal‐enabled electrocapillary flow driven by a DC‐biased AC forcing. The effectiveness of this pump strategy is demonstrated by both numerical simulation and experimental observation considering multiple frequency electrochemical polarization. The device can work practically in a wide range of different parameters, such as DC bias, AC voltage amplitude, the shape of the waveform, as well as the electrode separation. Though liquid metal (LM) has already been reported to help deliver the traditional sample of high‐conductivity aqueous electrolytes, its adaptability to drive ILs has apparent advantages, such as quicker pump flow rate due to greater initial interfacial ion adsorption, and much longer operating life due to its nonvolatile feature. The results prove invaluable for the elaborate construction of flexible electrokinetic platforms taking high‐speed ILs as the working fluid.
Unexpected Dual Action of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) in the Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Nanoparticles at Liquid–Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Li Chunchun , Xu Yikai , Li Xinyuan , Ye Ziwei , Yao Chaoyi , Chen Qinglu , Zhang Yuanfeng , Bell Steven E. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelf‐assembly of colloidal nanoparticles at water–oil interfaces offers an efficient way to construct multi‐dimensional arrays. Self‐assembly is generally induced by using adsorbing molecular “modifiers” or co‐solvents to remove the nanoparticles' surface charge. Here, it is shown that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which is commonly used in bulk quantities in colloidal synthesis, can induce self‐assembly of negatively charged colloidal nanoparticles at water–oil interfaces, even at sub‐micromolar levels but it does this by providing charge screening rather than removing the surface charge. Since this is a physical effect, CTAB can promote assembly of nanoparticles regardless of their morphology or material composition. In the specific case of nanoparticles which allow CTAB to adsorb, such as Au, the self‐assembly mechanism switches from charge screening to chemical adsorption as the concentration is increased. These both explain previous observations of spontaneous interfacial assembly and open up further possibilities for deliberately constructing functional nanoparticle arrays without the need for additional modifiers or co‐solvents.
Biocompatible Direct Deposition of Functionalized Nanoparticles Using Shrinking Surface Plasmonic Bubble
Authors: Moon Seunghyun , Zhang Qiushi , Huang Dezhao , Senapati Satyajyoti , Chang Hsueh‐Chia , Lee Eungkyu , Luo Tengfei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFunctionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are the foundation of diverse applications. Especially, in many biosensing applications, concentrating suspended NPs onto a surface without deteriorating their biofunction is usually an inevitable step to improve detection limit, which remains to be a great challenge. In this work, biocompatible deposition of functionalized NPs to optically transparent surfaces is demonstrated using shrinking bubbles. Leveraging the shrinking phase of bubble mitigates the biomolecule degradation problems encountered in traditional photothermal deposition techniques. The deposited NPs are closely packed, and the functional molecules are able to survive the process as verified by their strong fluorescence signals. Using high‐speed videography, it is revealed that the contracting contact line of the shrinking bubble forces the NPs captured by the contact line to a highly concentrated island. Such shrinking surface bubble deposition (SSBD) is low temperature in nature as no heat is added during the process. Using a hairpin DNA‐functionalized gold NP suspension as a model system, SSBD is shown to enable much stronger fluorescence signal compared to the optical‐pressure deposition and the conventional thermal bubble contact line deposition. The demonstrated SSBD technique capable of directly depositing functionalized NPs may significantly simplify biosensor fabrication and thus benefit a wide range of relevant applications.
Hugely Enhanced Output Power of Direct‐Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators by Using Electrostatic Breakdown Effect
Authors: Liu Di , Zhou Linglin , Li Shaoxin , Zhao Zhihao , Yin Xing , Yi Zhiying , Zhang Chunlei , Li Xinyuan , Wang Jie , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractElectrostatic breakdown is a common but generally negative physical phenomenon. Here, efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electric power is achieved by enhanced direct‐current triboelectric nanogenerator (DC‐TENG) based on contact electrification and electrostatic breakdown. By verifying the high temperature can not only improve the triboelectric charge density but also enhance electrostatic breakdown of air dielectric due to thermionic emission of electrons and avalanche breakdown effect. Meanwhile an appropriate low atmosphere pressure is another favorable factor to air breakdown in DC‐TENG. As a result, its output power density is improved by three orders of magnitude at 473 K and 300 Pa compared to that at 298 K and standard atmosphere pressure. These findings not only provide a new paradigm to design high‐performance TENG, but realize efficiently harvesting mechanical energy and thermal energy in one device by coupling the two kinds of physical effects.
Nanoscale Structural and Emission Properties within “Russian Doll”‐Type InGaN/AlGaN Quantum Wells
Authors: Cheng Shaobo , Wu Zewen , Langelier Brian , Kong Xianghua , Coenen Toon , Hari Sangeetha , Ra Yong‐Ho , Rashid Roksana Tonny , Pofelski Alexandre , Yuan Hui , Li Xing , Mi Zetian , Guo Hong , Botton Gianluigi A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to the increasing desire for nanoscale optoelectronic devices with green light emission capability and high efficiency, ternary III‐N‐based nanorods are extensively studied. Many efforts have been taken on the planar device configuration, which lead to unavoided defects and strains. With selective‐area molecular‐beam epitaxy, new “Russian Doll”‐type InGaN/AlGaN quantum wells (QWs) have been developed, which could largely alleviate this issue. This work combines multiple nanoscale characterization methods and k∙p theory calculations so that the crystalline structure, chemical compositions, strain effects, and light emission properties can be quantitatively correlated and understood. The 3D structure and atomic composition of these QWs are retrieved with transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography while their green light emission has been demonstrated with room‐temperature cathodoluminescence experiments. k∙p theory calculations, with the consideration of strain effects, are used to derive the light emission characteristics that are compared with the local measurements. Thus, the structural properties of the newly designed nanorods are quantitatively characterized and the relationship with their outstanding optical properties is described. This combined approach provides an innovative way for analyzing nano‐optical‐devices and new strategies for the structure design of light‐emitting diodes.
Polymer Materials for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Chen Aihua , Zhang Chen , Zhu Guang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs an emerging branch of energy conversion technologies, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) pioneers a brand‐new path to effectively harness varieties of mechanical energies for the purpose of powering and/or sensing. Since its invention in 2012, the TENG has experienced a booming and revolutionary development in every respect, ranging from materials synthesis and modification, architecture design to performance optimization, power management, and application exploration. In comparison to the organic solar cell and organic light‐emitting diodes, TENG is a unique technique that opens the venue of using polymer materials (PMs) for harvesting mechanical energy. So far, by virtue of superior charge transfer and capturing capabilities during friction, various kinds of PMs have been developed and used as triboelectric materials in order to achieve high‐performance TENGs. Here, this work focuses on the utilization and development of PMs for the TENGs technology and first gives a summary of main PMs that are frequently adopted in currently reported energy‐harvesting TENGs. Second, several kinds of PMs used lately in a few novel TENGs for special or specific energy‐harvesting circumstances are introduced and highlighted. Finally, the perspectives on and challenges in developing high‐performance PMs toward TENGs technology are conceived and expected to be instructive to future research.
Anomalous vasculature in the neck diagnosed by ultrasound
Authors: Constantine Sarah , Roach Denise 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnomalous vascular anatomy was detected in the neck of a 52‐year‐old female with a Klippel–Feil anomaly. Ultrasound identified three separate arteries in the left carotid sheath without any branching or bifurcations. The vascular waveforms were used to identify the vessels as the internal carotid artery, external carotid artery and vertebral artery. This rare vascular anomaly was confirmed with CT angiography.
C7‐Indole Amidations and Alkenylations by Ruthenium(II) Catalysis
Authors: Choi Isaac , Messinis Antonis M. , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractC7−H‐functionalized indoles are ubiquitous structural units of biological and pharmaceutical compounds for numerous antiviral agents against SARS‐CoV or HIV‐1. Thus, achieving site‐selective functionalizations of the C7−H position of indoles, while discriminating among other bonds, is in high demand. Herein, we disclose site‐selective C7−H activations of indoles by ruthenium(II) biscarboxylate catalysis under mild conditions. Base‐assisted internal electrophilic‐type substitution C−H ruthenation by weak O‐coordination enabled the C7−H functionalization of indoles and offered a broad scope, including C−N and C−C bond formation. The versatile ruthenium‐catalyzed C7−H activations were characterized by gram‐scale syntheses and the traceless removal of the directing group, thus providing easy access to pharmaceutically relevant scaffolds. Detailed mechanistic studies through spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses shed light on the unique nature of the robust ruthenium catalysis for the functionalization of the C7−H position of indoles.
Metal‐Free Photocatalytic Hydrogenation Using Covalent Triazine Polymers
Authors: Hu Yongpan , Huang Wei , Wang Hongshuai , He Qing , Zhou Yuan , Yang Ping , Li Youyong , Li Yanguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogenation of biomass‐derived organic molecules transforms solar energy into high‐energy‐density chemical bonds. Reported herein is the preparation of a thiophene‐containing covalent triazine polymer as a photocatalyst, with unique donor‐acceptor units, for the metal‐free photocatalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated organic molecules. Under visible‐light illumination, the polymeric photocatalyst enables the transformation of maleic acid into succinic acid with a production rate of about 2 mmol g−1 h−1, and furfural into furfuryl alcohol with a production rate of about 0.5 mmol g−1 h−1. Great catalyst stability and recyclability are also measured. Given the structural diversity of polymeric photocatalysts and their readily tunable optical and electronic properties, metal‐free photocatalytic hydrogenation represents a highly promising approach for solar energy conversion.
Design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation of novel thiazolopyrimidine derivatives as antileishmanial compounds
Authors: Istanbullu Huseyin , Bayraktar Gulsah , Akbaba Hasan , Cavus Ibrahim , Coban Gunes , Debelec Butuner Bilge , Kilimcioglu Ali Ahmet , Ozbilgin Ahmet , Alptuzun Vildan , Erciyas Ercin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of thiazolopyrimidine derivatives was designed and synthesized as a Leishmania major pteridine reductase 1 (LmPTR1) enzyme inhibitor. Their LmPTR1 inhibitor activities were evaluated using the enzyme produced by Escherichia coli in a recombinant way. The antileishmanial activity of the selected compounds was tested in vitro against Leishmania sp. Additionally, the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. According to the results, four compounds displayed not only a potent in vitro antileishmanial activity against promastigote forms but also low cytotoxicity. Among them, compound L16 exhibited an antileishmanial activity for both the promastigote and amastigote forms of L. tropica, with IC50 values of 7.5 and 2.69 µM, respectively. In addition, molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out in this study. In light of these findings, the compounds provide a new potential scaffold for antileishmanial drug discovery.
Pyrazole–coumarin and pyrazole–quinoline chalcones as potential antitubercular agents
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Siva Krishna Vagolu , Sriram Dharmarajan , Jachak Sanjay M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPyrazole, coumarin, and quinoline are medicinally important moieties. In this study, two series of novel pyrazole–coumarin chalcones and pyrazole–quinoline chalcones were synthesized using multiple‐step reactions. All the synthesized compounds were well characterized using different spectroscopic techniques including 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, high‐resolution mass spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry. The compounds were evaluated for their antitubercular activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain using the microplate Alamar Blue assay, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the compounds were determined. Among the 32 tested compounds, compounds 3e, 3u, and 7h showed an MIC value of 3.125 µg/ml, and they were found to be nontoxic. Molecular docking studies of the compounds with the enzyme DprE1 revealed the probable mechanism of action. The chalcone derivatives exhibited binding affinity values between −7.047 and −9.353 kcal/mol. ADME parameters were predicted using the QikProp module of the Schrödinger software, and these compounds exhibited good pharmacological and oral absorption properties.
Advances in Synchrotron Radiation‐based X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy to Characterize the Fine Atomic Structure of Single‐atom Nanozymes
Authors: Fu Lianlian , Tang Yonghua , Lin Youhui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSingle‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) with high atomic utilization, excellent catalytic activities, and selectivity have recently attracted significant interest. Usually, they contain only isolated metal atoms embedded in host matrices. However, traditional measuring instruments are extremely difficult to obtain their useful structural information due to ultra‐low metal loading, amorphous structure, coordination with light‐weight surface atoms and/or co‐existing of other metal elements. Synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) has demonstrated its usefulness for this type of catalyst. In this mini‐review, we have summarized the recent progress using XAFS to characterize the fine atomic structure of these nanozymes. The synthetic strategies of SAzymes, the principle of XAFS, delicate structural information by XAFS, and the applications of SAzymes have been presented. Furthermore, the outlook and challenges in this active research field have also been discussed. We expect that the help of XAFS can offer a wealth of opportunities to design and develop more efficient SAzymes and apply them to various fields.
Butterfly‐like Tetraazaacenequinodimethane Derivatives: Synthesis, Structure and Halochromic Properties
Authors: Zhang Zhongbo , Sun Wei , Zhang Huanxiang , Li Xinxiong , Yu Fei , Zhu Jia , Li Xianggao , Zhang Qichun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwo novel molecules TAP and TAH with pronounced reversible halochromic properties have been synthesized and fully characterized. Their butterfly‐like structures have been confirmed through single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Their UV‐Vis absorption after protonation dramatically red‐shifted with naked‐eye‐visible color change in a very dilute concentration of 10−5 M. Note that the original color of the solution can be recovered after the neutralization with a base.
PTF1J2224+17: A short‐period, high‐field polar
Authors: Schwope Axel D. , Thinius Bernd D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present time‐resolved photometry of the cataclysmic variable PTF1J2224+17 obtained during four nights in October 2018 and January 2019 from Inastars observatory. The object is variable on a period of 103.82 min. Archival Catalina Real‐Time Transient Survey (CRTS), Palomar Transient Factory, and Zwicky Transient Facility‐data show frequent changes between high and low states. Based on its photometric properties and the cyclotron humps in the identification spectrum the object is certainly classified as an AM Herculis star (or polar) with a likely magnetic field strength of B ∼ 65 MG. Its accretion duty cycle was estimated from 9 years of photometric monitoring to be about 35%.
KCTD10 Biology: An Adaptor for the Ubiquitin E3 Complex Meets Multiple Substrates
Authors: Maekawa Masashi , Higashiyama Shigeki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProtein ubiquitination constitutes a post‐translational modification mediated by ubiquitin ligases whereby ubiquitinated substrates are degraded through the proteasomal or lysosomal pathways, or acquire novel molecular functions according to their “ubiquitin codes.” Dysfunction of the ubiquitination process in cells causes various diseases such as cancers along with neurodegenerative, auto‐immune/inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. KCTD10 functions as a substrate recognition receptor for cullin‐3 (CUL3), a scaffold protein in RING‐type ubiquitin ligase complexes. Recently, studies by ourselves and others have identified new substrates that are ubiquitinated by the CUL3/KCTD10 ubiquitin ligase complex. Moreover, the type of polyubiquitination (e.g., K27‐, K48‐, or K63‐chain) of various substrates (e.g., RhoB, CEP97, EIF3D, and TRIF) mediated by KCTD10 underlies its divergent roles in endothelial barrier formation, primary cilium formation, plasma membrane dynamics, cell proliferation, and immune response. Here, the physiological functions of KCTD10 are summarized and potential mechanisms are proposed.
Reasons for not receiving the HPV vaccine among eligible adults: Lack of knowledge and of provider recommendations contribute more than safety and insurance concerns
Authors: Fokom Domgue Joël , Cunningham Sonia A. , Yu Robert K. , Shete Sanjay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe upward trends of vaccine exemptions in Texas are alarming. While HPV vaccine rates in this State are among the lowest nationwide, factors that contribute to the low HPV vaccination uptake among adults remain unknown. In this study, we examined the main reasons for not receiving HPV vaccination among age‐eligible adults.MethodsThe Texas health screening survey (2018), a multistage area probability design‐based survey of a representative sample of Texas residents, was used to identify 907 eligible adults (age ≥ 18 years) respondents, including 724 women aged ≤ 26 years in 2007 (≤38 years in 2018), and 183 men aged ≤ 21 years in 2011 (≤28 years in 2018). Participants who reported having never received an HPV shot, where asked the main reason for not receiving the vaccine.ResultsOverall, 58.5% (95%CI: 55.1‐62.0) of vaccine eligible adults reported having never received the HPV vaccine. The most commonly reported reasons for not receiving it were: did not know about the vaccine (18.5% (14.9‐22.1)), and provider did not recommend (14.1% (10.9‐17.4)). In contrast, commonly perceived reasons such as: safety concerns (7.2% (4.8‐9.5)), lack of insurance (3.4% (1.7‐5.1), and concerns about increasing sexual activity if vaccinated (0.2% (0.0‐0.5)), were less frequently reported.ConclusionAmong vaccine‐eligible adults, safety and sexuality concerns do not appear to be the prime factors underlying low HPV vaccination rates. Rather than emphasizing them, educational interventions should aim at improving vaccine's knowledge, and enhancing provider recommendations on the necessity of HPV vaccination.
Landing Spaces and Capital: Transfer Resiliency and Knowledge Building Among Latino Men
Authors: Vasquez Marissa C. , Salinas Cristobal , Rodriguez Sarah L. , Gonzalez Ángel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides insights on the community college transfer experiences of Latino men. In particular, we conceptualize how Latino men navigate different spaces (intellectual, emotional, geographical) with the support of family members.
An enormous Italian pedigree of Marfan syndrome with a novel mutation in the FBN1 gene
Authors: Daneshjoo Omid , Salehi Leila B. , Pizzuti Antonio , Novelli Giuseppe , Sangiuolo Federica 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe characterize a large Italian family presenting with Marfan syndrome (MFS), where the same NM_000138.4:c.6872‐1G > T splice site mutation in the FBN1 gene was detected in 37 affected individuals with different pathological phenotypes. Further studies on such a large pedigree could identify other genetic factors that influence MFS manifestation.