bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Parenting Intervention – Biobehavioral Outcomes in infants with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (EPI-BOND): study protocol for an Italian multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Montirosso Rosario , Rosa Elisa , Giorda Roberto , Fazzi Elisa , Orcesi Simona , Cavallini Anna , Provenzi Livio 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionNeurodevelopmental disability (ND) represents an adverse condition for infants’ socio-emotional and behavioural development as well as for caregiving (eg, parental sensitivity) and mother-infant interaction. Adverse exposures are associated with altered neuroendocrine hormones concentrations (eg, oxytocin and cortisol) and epigenetic regulation (eg, methylation of stress-related genes), which in turn may contribute to less-than-optimal mother-infant interaction. Parental sensitivity is a protective factor for childrens’ development and early parental interventions (eg, video-feedback intervention) can promote parental caregiving and better developmental outcomes in children. The present multi-centric and longitudinal randomised controlled trial aims to assess if and to which extent early VFI could benefit both infants and mothers in terms of behavioural outcomes as well as neuroendocrine and epigenetic regulation.Methods and analysisDyads will be randomly assigned to the video-feedback Intervention Group or Control Group (‘dummy’ intervention: telephone calls). Infants with ND aged 3 to 18 months will be recruited from three major child neuropsychiatric units in northern Italy. A multi-layer approach to intervention effects will include videotapes of mother-infant interaction, maternal reports as well as saliva samples for hormones concentrations and target-gene methylation analysis (eg, BDNF, NR3C1, OXTR and SCL6A4) that will be obtained at each of the four assessment sessions: T0, baseline; T1, post-intervention; T2, short-term follow-up (3 month); T3, long-term follow-up (6 month). Primary effectiveness measures will be infant socio-emotional behaviour and maternal sensitivity. Neuroendocrine hormones concentrations and DNA methylation status of target genes will be secondary outcomes. Feasibility, moderation and confounding variables will be measured and controlled between the two groups.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained in all three participating units. Results of the main trial and each of the secondary endpoints will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03853564; Pre-results.
Identification of late asthmatic reactions following specific inhalation challenge
Authors: Moore Vicky C , Walters Gareth Iestyn , Robertson Alastair S , Burge P Sherwood 
Published: July 2020

Specific inhalation challenge (SIC) is the reference standard for the diagnosis of occupational asthma. Current guidelines for identifying late asthmatic reactions are not evidence based.ObjectivesTo identify the fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) required following SIC to exceed the 95% CI for control days, factors which influence this and to show how this can be applied in routine practice using a statistical method based on the pooled SD for FEV1from three control days.MethodsFifty consecutive workers being investigated for occupational asthma were asked to self-record FEV1hourly for 2 days before admission for SIC. These 2 days were added to the in-hospital control day to calculate the pooled SD and 95% CI.Results45/50 kept adequate measurements. The pooled 95% CI was 385 mL (SD 126), or 14.2% (SD 6.2) of the baseline FEV1, but was unrelated to the baseline FEV1(r=0.06, p=0.68), or gender, atopy, smoking, non-specific reactivity or treatment before or during SIC. Thirteen workers had a late asthmatic reaction with ≥2 consecutive FEV1measurements below the 95% CI for pooled control days, 4/13 had <15% and 9/13 >15% late fall from baseline. The four workers with ≥2 values below the 95% CI all had independent evidence of occupational asthma.ConclusionThe pooled SD method for defining late asthmatic reactions has scientific validity, accounts for interpatient spirometric variability and diurnal variation and can identify clinically relevant late asthmatic reactions from smaller exposures. For baseline FEV1<2.5 L, a 15% fall is within the 95% CI.
Effects of dietary red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) on growth performance, blood profile, ileal morphology, and oxidative status in weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli K88+
Authors: Koo Bonjin , Amarakoon Sirini Budhika , Jayaraman Balachandar , Siow Yaw L. , Prashar Suvira , Shang Yue , Karmin O. , Nyachoti Charles Martin 
Published: July 2020

A total of 28 piglets weaned at 21 d of age (6.94 ± 0.28 kg of body weight) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments for 14 d: (1) negative control (NC; a corn–wheat–soybean meal diet), (2) positive control [PC; NC + 0.025% antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP)], (3) ROD2 [2% red-osier dogwood (ROD)], and (4) ROD4 (4% ROD). All pigs were orally inoculated with Escherichia coli K88+ on day 8. The pre-planned orthogonal test was performed to compare (1) NC vs. PC and (2) NC vs. ROD. The inclusion of ROD in a nursery diet increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the serum. Moreover, pigs fed with ROD diets had shallower (P < 0.05) crypt depth and higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than those fed the NC diet. Dietary AGP supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) the MDA concentration in the ileum and serum at 24 h after challenge, and improved (P < 0.01) the SOD activities in the serum. In conclusion, the inclusion of ROD in a nursery diet enhanced the antioxidative defense system and intestinal morphology, showing comparable effects with AGP supplementation.
Scattering of massless scalar field by charged dilatonic black holes
Authors: Huang Yang , Zhang Hongsheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWave propagations in the presence of black holes is a significant problem both in theoretical and observational aspects, especially after the discovery of gravitational wave and confirmation of black holes. We study the scattering of massless scalar field by a charged dilatonic black hole in frame of full wave theory. We apply partial wave method to obtain the scattering cross sections of the scalar field, and investigate how the black hole charge affects the scalar scattering cross sections. Furthermore, we investigate the Regge pole approach of the scattering cross section of the dilatonic black hole. We find that in order to obtain results at the same precision, we need more Regge poles as the black hole charge increases. We compare the results in the full wave theory and results in the classical geodesic scattering and the semi-classical glory approximations, and demonstrate the improvements and power of our approach.
Comparison of optical potential for nucleons and $$\varDelta $$ resonances
Authors: Bodek Arie , Cai Tejin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrecise modeling of neutrino interactions on nuclear targets is essential for neutrino oscillations experiments. The modeling of the energy of final state particles in quasielastic (QE) scattering and resonance production on bound nucleons requires knowledge of both the removal energy of the initial state bound nucleon as well as the average Coulomb and nuclear optical potentials for final state leptons and hadrons. We extract the average values of the real part of the nuclear optical potential for final state nucleons ($$U_{opt}^{QE}$$UoptQE) as a function of the nucleon kinetic energy from inclusive electron scattering data on nuclear targets ($$_\mathbf{6 }^\mathbf{12 }{} \mathbf{C} $$612C+$$_\mathbf{8 }^\mathbf{16 }{} \mathbf{O} $$816O, $$_\mathbf{20 }^\mathbf{40 }{} \mathbf{Ca} $$2040Ca+$$_\mathbf{18 }^\mathbf{40 }{} \mathbf{Ar} $$1840Ar, $$_\mathbf{3 }^\mathbf{6 }{} \mathbf{Li} $$36Li, $$_\mathbf{18 }^\mathbf{27 }{} \mathbf{Al} $$1827Al, $$_\mathbf{26 }^\mathbf{56 }{} \mathbf{Fe} $$2656Fe, $$_\mathbf{82 }^\mathbf{208 }{} \mathbf{Pb} $$82208Pb) in the QE region and compare to calculations. We also extract values of the average of the real part of the nuclear optical potential for a $$\varDelta (1232)$$Δ(1232) resonance in the final state ($$U^\varDelta _{opt}$$UoptΔ) within the impulse approximation. We find that $$U^\varDelta _{opt}$$UoptΔ is more negative than $$U_{opt}^{QE}$$UoptQE with $$U^\varDelta _{opt}\approx $$UoptΔ≈1.5 $$U_{opt}^{QE}$$UoptQE for $$_\mathbf{6 }^\mathbf{12 }{} \mathbf{C} $$612C.
Noether symmetry approach to the non-minimally coupled $$Y(R)F^2$$ gravity
Authors: Sert Özcan , Çeliktaş Fatma 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe use Noether symmetry approach to find spherically symmetric static solutions of the non-minimally coupled electromagnetic fields to gravity. We construct the point-like Lagrangian under the spherical symmetry assumption. Then we determine Noether symmetry and the corresponding conserved charge. We derive Euler-Lagrange equations from this point-like Lagrangian and show that these equations are same with the differential equations derived from the field equations of the model. Also we give two new exact asymptotically flat solutions to these equations and investigate some thermodynamic properties of these black holes.
No-scale and scale-separated flux vacua from IIA on G2 orientifolds
Authors: Farakos Fotis , Tringas George , Van Riet Thomas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe discuss flux compactifications of IIA string theory on G2 holonomy spaces with O2/O6-planes to three dimensions and find two classes of solutions: (1) No-scale Minkowski vacua from NSNS 3-form fluxes and RR 4-form fluxes. (2) By adding Romans mass we find AdS$$_3$$3vacua for which the AdS scale can be decoupled completely from the KK scale while the solution is at tunable weak coupling and large volume. For the AdS$$_3$$3vacuum we only have a proper 3D description (i.e. smeared orientifold description) of the solution like the 4D analogue of IIA moduli stabilization from fluxes and O6-planes. This 3D description reveals that moduli with non-compact moduli spaces can be stabilized at the classical level. For both types of vacua we can have supersymmetry or not.
Monolayer ZnS@Ag Nanospheres SERS Substrate for Highly Sensitive Dye Molecules Detection
Authors: Li Chenyan , Yang Chengxiang , Li Weijun , Cheng Mingming , Liu Yingkai 
Published: July 2020

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with low cost, high sensitivity and good reproducibility are still challenging in practical application. Herein, we propose a facile method to prepare monolayer ZnS@Ag nanospheres (NSs) by sputtering Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on the surfaces of the monolayer ZnS NSs produced by self-assembly. The monolayer ZnS@Ag NSs have rough surface and nanoscale gaps, which can produce large SERS effect. The dye molecules, Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and Rhodamine B (RhB), were used as probe to evaluate the SERS performance on the monolayer ZnS@Ag NSs. It was found that the monolayer ZnS@Ag NSs showed the high SERS sensitivity in the detection of R6G and RhB, the limit of detection (LOD) down to 9.12×10−13 M and 8.55×10−11 M, respectively. The corresponding enhancement factors (EF) are 3.01×108 and 8.2×106, respectively. Furthermore, the ordered structure makes the monolayer ZnS@Ag NSs substrate with high signal reproducibility and stability, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values are less than 15%. Therefore, the monolayer ZnS@Ag NSs is a candidate for detecting organic dyes in the environment.
Fertility Physicians’ Opinions and Attitudes on Access to Assisted Reproductive Technology: An Asia-Pacific Perspective
Authors: Pawa Raweena , Udomsrisumran Lucksika , Kiatpongsan Sorapop 
Published: July 2020

Background: Fertility physicians are gatekeepers of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and have immediate control over access to fertility care. However, little is understood about their attitudes and willingness to provide and support different procedures. Therefore, we examined fertility physicians’ perspectives on support of public funding and willingness to provide care in various scenarios. Methods: We invited fertility physicians attending the 8th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2018) to participate in a 10-minute survey. Participants completed the survey anonymously and in private. Results: 78 out of 105 fertility physicians from 12 countries completed the survey (response rate = 74.3%). Mean age was 44.9 years (SD = 11.1). A majority of respondents supported public funding for ART: 76.3% for intrauterine insemination and 80.5% for in vitro fertilization. For controversial procedures, a majority agreed to provide social egg freezing (88.5%) compared to sex selection (25.6%) and gene editing for nonmedical reasons (19.2%), p < 0.001 for both comparisons. Support for public funding was also significantly higher for social egg freezing (51.3%) compared to sex selection (23.1%) and gene editing for nonmedical reasons (20.5%), p < 0.001 for both comparisons. For eligibility criteria, willingness to provide treatment to single women (50.0%) was significantly higher compared to other nontraditional family structures — single men (33.3%), p < 0.001, male homosexual couples (33.3%), p = 0.002, female homosexual couples (32.1%), p = 0.001 and unmarried heterosexual couples (32.1%), p = 0.004. Consistently, support for public finding was significantly higher for single women (32.1%) compared to single men (23.1%), p = 0.013, male homosexual couples (20.5%), p = 0.020, and unmarried heterosexual couples (20.5%), p = 0.006. Conclusions: These results show support for public funding and conservative opinions toward ART for nontraditional family structures among physicians in the Asia-Pacific region.
Social health recommender system
Authors: De Maria Marida , Vizza Patrizia , Lambardi Pasquale , Tradigo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

The amount of information and services available on the web represents an important opportunity for people to enrich and share knowledges. The easy access and the continuous growth of data in the web are responsible of an overload of information that leads the user to navigate in a saturated and often uninteresting and non-comprehensive environment. In the medical-clinical context, a lot of information on the web is often incomplete, inaccurate or completely wrong due to an incorrect sharing and a lack of control of the sources. In this context, recommendation systems become essential to filter truthful information and to target users with respect to their needs. The status of recent covid-19 pandemic highlighted the necessity of having health reliable sources. Health recommender systems support user in medical environment to find right information.
In this contribution, we report about a project of health recommender system aiming to: (i) aggregate similar users and (ii) guarantee the truthful and quality of the extracted information through a check of the sources and a validation by the medical scientific community.
Mesothelioma Biomarkers: A Review Highlighting Contributions from the Early Detection Research Network
Authors: Pass Harvey I. , Alimi Marjan , Carbone Michele , Yang Haining , Goparaju Chandra M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an asbestos-related neoplasm, which can be treated successfully only if correctly diagnosed and treated in early stages. The asbestos-exposed population serves as a high-risk group that could benefit from sensitive and specific blood- or tissue-based biomarkers. This review details the recent work with biomarker development in MPM and the contributions of the NCI Early Detection Research Network Biomarker Developmental Laboratory of NYU Langone Medical Center. The literature of the last 20 years was reviewed to comment on the most promising of the blood- and tissue-based biomarkers. Proteomic, genomic, and epigenomic platforms as well as novel studies such as “breath testing” are covered. Soluble mesothelin-related proteins (SMRP) have been characterized extensively and constitute an FDA-approved biomarker in plasma with diagnostic, monitoring, and prognostic value in MPM. Osteopontin is found to be a valuable prognostic biomarker for MPM, while its utility in diagnosis is slightly lower. Other biomarkers, such as calretinin, fibulin 3, and High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), remain under study and need international validation trials with large cohorts of cases and controls to demonstrate any utility. The EDRN has played a key role in the development and testing of MPM biomarkers by enlisting collaborations all over the world. A comprehensive understanding of previously investigated biomarkers and their utility in screening and early diagnosis of MPM will provide guidance for further future research.
See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “NCI Early Detection Research Network: Making Cancer Detection Possible.”
Tattoos and Hematologic Malignancies in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Warner Freda M. , Darvishian Maryam , Boyle Terry , Brooks-Wilson Angela R. , Connors Joseph M. , Lai Agnes S. , Le Nhu D. , Song Kevin , Sutherland Heather , Woods Ryan R. , Bhatti Parveen , Spinelli John J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Tattoos may cause a variety of adverse reactions in the body, including immune reactions and infections. However, it is unknown whether tattoos may increase the risk of lymphatic cancers such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma.

Methods:
Participants from two population-based case–control studies were included in logistic regression models to examine the association between tattoos and risk of NHL and multiple myeloma.

Results:
A total of 1,518 participants from the NHL study (737 cases) and 742 participants from the multiple myeloma study (373 cases) were included in the analyses. No statistically significant associations were found between tattoos and risk of NHL or multiple myeloma after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, education, body mass index, and family history.

Conclusions:
We did not identify any significant associations between tattoos and risk of multiple myeloma, NHL, or NHL subtypes in these studies.

Impact:
Though biologically plausible, tattoos were not associated with increased risk of NHL or multiple myeloma in this study. Future studies with greater detail regarding tattoo exposure may provide further insights.
Downregulation of LAPTM4B Contributes to the Impairment of the Autophagic Flux via Unopposed Activation of mTORC1 Signaling During Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Gu Shanshan , Tan Jiliang , Li Qiang , Liu Shenyan , Ma Jian , Zheng Yanjun , Liu Jinlong , Bi Wei , Sha Ping , Li Xuxia , Wei Meng , Cao Nan , Yang Huang-Tian 
Published: July 2020

Rationale:
Impaired autophagic flux contributes to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiomyocyte death, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

Objective:
To determine the role of LAPTM4B (lysosomal-associated transmembrane protein 4B) in the regulation of autophagic flux and myocardial I/R injury.

Methods and Results:

LAPTM4B was expressed in murine hearts but downregulated in hearts with I/R (30 minutes/2 hours) injury and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with hypoxia/reoxygenation (6 hours/2 hours) injury. During myocardial reperfusion, LAPTM4B-knockout (LAPTM4B
−/−
) mice had a significantly increased infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase release, whereas adenovirus-mediated LAPTM4B-overexpression was cardioprotective. Concomitantly, LAPTM4B
−/−
mice showed higher accumulation of the autophagy markers LC3-II (microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3), but not P62, in the I/R heart, whereas they did not alter chloroquine-induced further increases of LC3-II and P62 in both sham and I/R hearts. Conversely, LAPTM4B-overexpression had opposite effects. The hypoxia/reoxygenation–reduced viability of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, ratio of autolysosomes/autophagosomes, and function of lysosomes were further decreased by LAPTM4B-knockdown but reversed by LAPTM4B-overexpression. Moreover, the LAPTM4B-overexpression–mediated benefits were abolished by knockdown of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (an autophagosome-lysosome fusion protein) in vivo and by the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 in vivo. In contrast, rapamycin (Rapa) successfully restored the impaired autophagic flux in LAPTM4B
−/−
mice and the subsequent myocardial I/R injury. Mechanistically, LAPTM4B regulated the activity of mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) via interacting with mTOR through its EC3 (extracelluar) domain. Thus, mTORC1 was overactivated in LAPTM4B
−/−
mice, leading to the repression of TFEB (transcription factor EB), a master regulator of lysosomal and autophagic genes, during myocardial I/R. The mTORC1 inhibition or TFEB-overexpression rescued the LAPTM4B
−/−
-induced impairment in autophagic flux and I/R injury, whereas TFEB-knockdown abolished the LAPTM4B-overexpression–mediated recovery of autophagic flux and cardioprotection.

Conclusions:
The downregulation of LAPTM4B contributes to myocardial I/R–induced impairment of autophagic flux via modulation of the mTORC1/TFEB pathway.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Life Course Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Preterm Delivery: The 30‐Year CARDIA Study
Authors: Sun Baiyang , Bertolet Marnie , Brooks Maria M. , Hubel Carl A. , Lewis Cora E. , Gunderson Erica P. , Catov Janet M. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Women who deliver preterm infants (<37 weeks) have excess cardiovascular risk; however, it is unclear whether the unfavorable changes in the cardiometabolic profile associated with preterm delivery initiate before, during, or after childbearing.

Methods and Results

We identified 1306 women (51% Black) with births between baseline (1985–1986) and year 30 in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study. We compared life course changes in blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, and lipids in women with preterm deliveries (n=318) with those with all term deliveries (n=988), using piecewise linear mixed‐effects models. Specifically, we evaluated group differences in rates of change before and after the childbearing period and change in level across the childbearing period. After adjusting for the covariates, women with preterm deliveries had a higher change in diastolic blood pressure across the childbearing period than those with all term deliveries (1.59 versus −0.73 mm Hg,
P
<0.01); the rates of change did not differ by group, both prechildbearing and postchildbearing. Women with preterm deliveries had a larger body mass index increase across the childbearing period (1.66 versus 1.22 kg/m
2
,
P
=0.03) compared with those with all term deliveries, followed by a steeper increase after the childbearing period (0.22 versus 0.17 kg/m
2
per year,
P
=0.02).

Conclusions
Preterm delivery was associated with unfavorable patterns of change in diastolic blood pressure and adiposity that originate during the childbearing years and persist or exacerbate later in life. These adverse changes may contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk among women with preterm delivery.