bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SGLT2 and cancer
Authors: Wright Ernest M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGlycolysis plays a central role in tumor metabolism and growth, and this is reflected in a high rate of glucose uptake. It is commonly assumed that the upregulation of the facilitated glucose transporter GLUT1 meets the tumor’s demand for sugar. This underlies the success in using 2FDG PET imaging in the clinic to identify and stage many tumors. However, 2FDG is not a substrate for a second class of glucose transporters, the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters, SGLTs, and so 2FDG PET may not provide a complete picture. A specific new radiotracer to detect SGLT activity has been introduced, Me4FDG, and this provides an opportunity to explore the potential role of SGLTs in supporting tumor glycolysis. In this brief review, I highlight the development of Me4FDG and our preliminary studies of Me4FDG PET in cancer patients. We find that the renal isoform, SGLT2, is expressed in pancreatic and prostate tumors and glioblastomas, and Me4FDG PET introduces a new method to image tumors. As SGLT2 drugs are successful in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, they may also provide a new therapy.
Post-mortem viral dynamics and tropism in COVID-19 patients in correlation with organ damage
Authors: Skok Kristijan , Stelzl Evelyn , Trauner Michael , Kessler Harald H. , Lax Sigurd F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe persistence of SARS-CoV-2 after death of infected individuals is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in different organs in correlation with tissue damage and post-mortem viral dynamics in COVID-19 deceased. Twenty-eight patients (17 males, 11 females; age 66–96 years; mean 82.9, median 82.5 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 were studied. Swabs were taken post-mortem during autopsy (N = 19) from the throat, both lungs, intestine, gallbladder, and brain or without autopsy (N = 9) only from the throat. Selective amplification of target nucleic acid from the samples was achieved by using primers for ORF1a/b non-structural region and the structural protein envelope E-gene of the virus. The results of 125 post-mortem and 47 ante-mortem swabs were presented as cycle threshold (Ct) values and categorized as strong, moderate, and weak. Viral RNA was detected more frequently in the lungs and throat than in the intestine. Blood, bile, and the brain were negative. Consecutive throat swabs were positive up to 128 h after death without significant increase of Ct values. All lungs showed diffuse alveolar damage, thrombosis, and infarction and less frequently bronchopneumonia irrespective of Ct values. In 30% the intestine revealed focal ischemic changes. Nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 was detected by immunohistochemistry in bronchial and intestinal epithelium, bronchial glands, and pneumocytes. In conclusion, viral RNA is still present several days after death, most frequently in the respiratory tract and associated with severe and fatal organ damage. Potential infectivity cannot be ruled out post-mortem.
Systemic treatment of advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the context of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: recommendations from the interdisciplinary working group for renal tumors (IAG-N)
Authors: Ivanyi Philipp , Grüllich Carsten , Kroeger Nils , Gauler Thomas , Johannsen Manfred , Bedke Jens , Grünwald Viktor ,   On behalf of the Interdisciplinary working group on renal tumors (IAG-N) of the German Cancer Socity (DKG)
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis letter summarizes recommendations from the interdisciplinary working group of renal tumors (IAGN) of the German Cancer Society for the systemic treatment of advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the context of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Empirical Shaft Resistance of Driven Piles Penetrating Weak Rock
Authors: Barrett John W. , Prendergast Luke J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, an empirical relationship between the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of intact rock and the unit shaft resistance of piles penetrating rock is investigated. A growing number of civil engineering projects are utilizing steel piles driven into rock where a significant portion of the pile capacity is derived from the shaft resistance. Despite the growing number of projects utilizing the technology, little to no guidance is offered in the literature as to how the shaft resistance is to be calculated for such piles. A database has been created for driven piles that penetrate bedrock. The database consists of 42 pile load tests of which a majority are steel H-piles. The friction fatigue model is applied to seven of the pile load tests for which sufficient UCS data exists in order to develop an empirical relation. The focus of this paper is on case histories that include driven pipe piles with at least 2 m penetration into rock.
Treatment of posttraumatic syringomyelia: evidence from a systematic review
Authors: Kleindienst Andrea , Laut Francisco Marin , Roeckelein Verena , Buchfelder Michael , Dodoo-Schittko Frank 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Following spinal cord injury (SCI), the routine use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) resulted in an incremental diagnosis of posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS). However, facing four decades of preferred surgical treatment of PTS, no clear consensus on the recommended treatment exists. We review the literature on PTS regarding therapeutic strategies, outcomes, and complications.

Methods
We performed a systematic bibliographic search on (“spinal cord injuries” [Mesh] AND “syringomyelia” [Mesh]). English language literature published between 1980 and 2020 was gathered, and case reports and articles examining syrinx due to other causes were excluded. The type of study, interval injury to symptoms, severity and level of injury, therapeutic procedure, duration of follow-up, complications, and outcome were recorded.

Results
Forty-three observational studies including 1803 individuals met the eligibility criteria. The time interval from SCI to the diagnosis of PTS varied between 42 and 264 months. Eighty-nine percent of patients were treated surgically (n = 1605) with a complication rate of 26%. Symptoms improved in 43% of patients postoperatively and in 2% treated conservatively. Stable disease was documented in 50% of patients postoperatively and in 88% treated conservatively. The percentage of deterioration was similar (surgery 16%, 0.8% dead; conservative 10%). Detailed analysis of surgical outcome with regard to symptoms revealed that pain, motor, and sensory function could be improved in 43 to 55% of patients while motor function deteriorated in around 25%. The preferred methods of surgery were arachnoid lysis (48%) and syrinx drainage (31%).

Conclusion
Even diagnosing PTS early in its evolution with MRI, to date, no satisfactory standard treatment exists, and the present literature review shows similar outcomes, regardless of the treatment modality. Therefore, PTS remains a neurosurgical challenge. Additional research is required using appropriate study designs for improving treatment options.
Leptin reduces in vitro cementoblast mineralization and survival as well as induces PGE2 release by ERK1/2 commitment
Authors: Ruiz-Heiland G. , Yong J. W. , von Bremen J. , Ruf S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Juvenile obesity is a complex clinical condition that is present more and more frequently in the daily orthodontic practice. Over-weighted patients have an impaired bone metabolism, due in part to their increased levels of circulating adipokines. Particularly, leptin has been reported to play a key role in bone physiology. Leptin is ubiquitously present in the body, including blood, saliva, and crevicular fluid. If, and to what extent, it could influence the reaction of cementoblasts during orthodontic-induced forces is yet unknown.

Material and methods
OCCM-30 cementoblasts were cultivated under compressive forces using different concentrations of leptin. The expression of ObR, Runx-2, Osteocalcin, Rank-L, Sost, Caspase 3, 8, and 9 were analyzed by RT-PCR. Western blots were employed for protein analysis. The ERK1/2 antagonist FR180204 (Calbiochem) was used and cPLA2 activation, PGE2, and cytochrome C release were further evaluated.

Results
In vitro, when compressive forces are applied, leptin promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, as well as upregulates PGE2 and caspase 3 and caspase 9 on OCCM cells. Blockade of ERK1/2 impairs leptin-induced PGE2 secretion and reduced caspase 3 and caspase 9 expression.

Conclusions
Leptin influences the physiological effect of compressive forces on cementoblasts, exerting in vitro a pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effect.

Clinical relevance
Our findings indicate that leptin exacerbates the physiological effect of compressive forces on cementoblasts promoting the release of PGE2 and increases the rate of cell apoptosis, and thus, increased levels of leptin may influence the inflammatory response during orthodontically induced tooth movement.
Massive data analyses show negative impact of type 1 and 2 diabetes on the outcome of periodontal treatment
Authors: Raedel Michael , Noack Barbara , Priess Heinz-Werner , Bohm Steffen , Walter Michael H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The aim was to evaluate the impact of diabetes on the outcome of periodontal treatment based on massive data analyses.

Materials and methods
Data originated from the database of a major German National Health Insurance. Patients who underwent periodontal treatment were allocated to four groups according to their medical condition: type 1 diabetes (D1), type 2 diabetes with the intake of oral anti-diabetics (D2M), type 2 diabetes without the intake of oral anti-diabetics (D2), and a control group without diabetes (ND). Four-year Kaplan-Meier survival analyses on the patient level and multivariate regression analyses were conducted for tooth extraction.

Results
Of 415,718 patients, 4139 matched the criteria for D1, 22,430 for D2M, and 23,576 for D2. At 4 years, the cumulative survival rate (no extraction) was 51.7% in the D1 group, 54.0% in the D2M group, and 57.7% in the D2 group. The ND control group had a significantly higher survival rate of 65.9% (P < 0.0001). In the multivariate analyses, both diabetes types were significantly associated with further tooth loss after periodontal treatment.

Conclusions
The diagnosis of diabetes type 1 or 2 seems to be associated with a higher risk of tooth loss after periodontal treatment.

Clinical relevance
The long-term prognosis of teeth in diabetes patients should be judged carefully.
Column Classification/Characterisation of Strong Cation Exchange Phases for the Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Small Molecular Weight Bases
Authors: Field Jennifer K. , Bell Ashleigh , Christopoulou Ifigeneia , Petersson Patrik , Ferguson Paul D. , Euerby Melvin R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA simple, rapid and robust protocol for the characterisation of strong cation exchange columns for the analysis of small molecular weight bases is described. A range of ten different phases were characterised, and the resultant selectivity and retention factors analysed using Principal Component Analysis. The score plots for the first and second principal components described 83% of the variability within the dataset. Score plots highlighted the large chromatographic differences observed between the phases, the validity of which was established using a larger range of bases. All the strong cation exchange materials demonstrated a synergistic mixed mode (i.e. ion exchange and hydrophobic) retention mechanism. Principal Component Analysis also highlighted the potential difficulty in locating suitable strong cation exchange “back-up” columns for the analysis of small molecular weight bases in that the characterised columns all displayed very different selectivities. The robustness of the protocol was confirmed by a factorial design experiment.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) for Dutch Adolescents
Authors: Kennes Anne , Peeters Sanne , Janssens Mayke , Reijnders Jennifer , Lataster Johan , Jacobs Nele 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study examined the structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the adolescent version of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (Dutch MHC-SF-A), a self-report questionnaire for positive mental health assessment. This questionnaire was completed by 459 Dutch adolescents (178 boys and 281 girls) between the ages of 11 and 18 years at baseline and at a 4-week follow-up. Results revealed the 3-factor structure in emotional, psychological, and social well-being, a high internal reliability and a moderate test–retest reliability. Findings suggest that mental illness and well-being represent two related but distinct continua of mental health. Fostering adolescents’ well-being is important. Promoting positive emotions, creating a supportive and loving parent–adolescent relationship, and a supportive school environment will contribute to this.
The impact of market orientation on university spin-off business performance
Authors: Buratti Nicoletta , Profumo Giorgia , Persico Luca 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExtant literature on the antecedents of university spin-off (USO) business performance has developed with the aim of highlighting those drivers that could foster the performance of such firms, focusing on a variety of factors. Less interest has been devoted to the market orientation–performance relationship, despite the positive link frequently found in the marketing literature. The aim of the present paper is therefore to fill this gap and investigate the relationship between market orientation (MO) and USO performance using the Netval database of Italian research spin-offs. To measure MO, we adopted an ad hoc questionnaire, and after testing its validity with a factor analysis, we performed a regression model. The results show that MO, particularly some of its components (customer intelligence generation, intelligence dissemination, integration and inter-functional coordination), has an impact on business performance. This contribution presents some valuable research implications useful for academics, but professionals from new high-tech ventures and technology transfer offices may also benefit from this knowledge.
High Prevalence of Cervical High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Harboring Atypical Genotypes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Infected and -Uninfected First-Generation Adult Immigrant Women Originating from Sub-Saharan Africa and Living in France
Authors: Mboumba Bouassa Ralph-Sydney , Gubavu Camelia , Veyer David , Robin Leman , Gravier Anne , Hocqueloux Laurent , Prazuck Thierry , Péré Hélène , Bélec Laurent ,   for the ANRS ImmiPap Study Group, Gubavu C. , Gravier A. , Hocqueloux L. , Prazuck T. ,   Villeneuve Saint-Georges, Patey O. , Bouchaud O. , Traore L. , Youssouf M.K. ,   Virology laboratory (Paris), Bélec L. , Mboumba Bouassa R.-S. , Péré H. , Veyer D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical lesions in first-generation immigrant African women in France should reflect the epidemiology of high-risk (HR)-human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sub-Saharan Africa. First-generation immigrant African women attending the Centre Hospitalier Régional of Orléans, France, were prospectively subjected to endocervical swabs for HPV DNA PCR and Pap smear. Fifty women (mean age, 41.7 years) living in France (mean stay, 10.7 years) were enrolled, including 26.0% of HIV-negative women from general population and 74.0% of women with known HIV infection. Cervical HPV prevalence was 68.0%, with 56.0% of HR-HPV. HR-HPV -68 and -58 were the predominant genotypes (20.0% and 14.0%, respectively). HR-HPV-16 and HR-HPV-18 were infrequently detected. HIV-infected women showed a trend to be more frequently infected by HPV than HIV-negative women (70.3% versus 61.5%). Most women (84.0%) showed normal cytology, while the remaining (16.0%) exhibited cervical abnormalities and were frequently HIV-infected (87.5%). These observations highlight the unsuspected high burden of cervical HR-HPV infections mostly associated with atypical genotypes, HIV infection and cervical abnormalities in first-generation immigrant African women living in France.
Evaluation Methods for Non-contact Bend and Free Recovery Tests of Thin NiTi Wires and Their Effects on Measured Transformation Temperatures
Authors: Apell Jonathan , Rettenmayr Markus , Undisz Andreas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNon-contact evaluation of transformation temperatures via bend and free recovery tests requires precise optical evaluation of shape changes of NiTi components. A variety of experimental setups is documented in the literature, but the influence of the evaluation method on the transformation temperatures is rarely assessed in detail. In the present work, the reverse transformation of bent wires is evaluated comparing the tracking of the lowest wire point and the tracking of the curvature. For calculating curvatures, different approaches of fitting the wire outline were applied. Fourth degree polynomials and ellipse segment fits were found to cause high noise toward the end of the reverse transformation, second degree polynomials and circle segment fits led to increased sensitivity in that region. Accordingly, the evaluation of curvature allowed to resolve a two-stage reverse transformation, which was otherwise obscured. The reasons for this effect are discussed comparing curvatures as determined by the different evaluation methods.
Formatives Assessment im alltäglichen Mathematikunterricht von Primarlehrpersonen: Häufigkeit, Dauer und Qualität
Authors: Buholzer Alois , Baer Matthias , Zulliger Sandra , Torchetti Loredana , Ruelmann Merle , Häfliger Andrea , Lötscher Hanni 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungFormatives Assessment umfasst die Gewinnung von diagnostischen Informationen zum Lernen und seinen Ergebnissen sowie deren Nutzung zur Optimierung von Lehr- und Lernprozessen. Das Ziel des Forschungsprojekts bestand darin, zu untersuchen, mit welcher Häufigkeit, mit welcher Dauer und in welcher Qualität Lehrpersonen formatives Assessment informell im alltäglichen Unterricht durchführen. Um diese Forschungsfragen zu klären, wurde in der vierten Primarschulstufe von 52 Lehrpersonen und ihren Schulklassen im Fach Mathematik je eine Doppelstunde zur Einführung in das halbschriftliche Dividieren videografiert. Im Fokus standen fünf Strategien des formativen Assessments: (1) Lernziel klären, (2) Lernstand erfassen (Eliciting-Evidence), (3) Self-Assessment, (4) Peer-Assessment und (5) Feedback-Interaktion. Hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit ergaben die Videoanalysen, dass der überwiegende Teil der teilnehmenden Lehrpersonen alle fünf Strategien nutzt, die Einsatzdauer mit Ausnahme der Feedback-Interaktionen in der Regel jedoch kurz ist. Die Ergebnisse der Qualitätseinschätzung deuten insgesamt auf eine höchstens mittlere, meist aber geringe Qualität der Umsetzung der Strategien hin. Es bestehen Zusammenhänge zwischen der Anwendungsdauer und der Qualitätsausprägung der Strategien. Je länger die Strategien eingesetzt wurden, desto besser wurde ihre Qualität im Rating eingeschätzt. Diese Ergebnisse erweitern den bisherigen Forschungsstand insofern, als erstmals ökologisch valide Aussagen für den deutschen Sprachraum zur Häufigkeit, zur Dauer und zur Qualität von Strategien des formativen Assessments im alltäglichen Mathematikunterricht vorgelegt werden. Aus den Befunden werden Schlussfolgerungen für die Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrpersonen gezogen.
Architecture and mass transport properties of graphene-based membranes
Authors: Yang Heechan , Baek Jonghyun , Park Hyung Gyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A recently rising question of the applicability of two-dimensional (2D) materials to membranes of enhanced performance in water technology is drawing attention increasingly. At the center of the attention lies graphene, an atom-thick 2D material, for its readiness and manufacturability. This review presents an overview of recent research activities focused on the fundamental mass transport phenomena of two feasible membrane architectures from graphene. If one could perforate pores in a pristine impermeable graphene sheet with dimensional accuracy, the perforated 2D orifice would show unrivaled permeation of gases and liquids due to the 0D atomic barrier. If possibly endowed with selectivity, the porous graphene orifice would avail potentially for membrane separation processes. For example, it is noteworthy that results of molecular dynamics simulations and several early experiments have exhibited the potential use of the ultrathin permeable graphene layer having sub-nanometer-sized pores for a water desalination membrane. The other membrane design is obtainable by random stacking of moderately oxidized graphene platelets. This lamellar architecture suggests the possibility of water treatment and desalination membranes because of subnanometric interlayer spacing between two adjacent graphene sheets. The unique structure and mass transport phenomena could enlist these graphene membrane architectures as extraordinary membrane material effective to various applications of membrane technology including water treatment.

Graphic abstract
Biological treatment of coke plant effluents: from a microbiological perspective
Authors: Felföldi Tamás , Nagymáté Zsuzsanna , Székely Anna J. , Jurecska Laura , Márialigeti Károly 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuring coke production, large volume of effluent is generated, which has a very complex chemical composition and contains several toxic and carcinogenic substances, mainly aromatic compounds, cyanide, thiocyanate and ammonium. The composition of these high-strength effluents is very diverse and depends on the quality of coals used and the operating and technological parameters of coke ovens. In general, after initial physicochemical treatment, biological purification steps are applied in activated sludge bioreactors. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the anaerobic and aerobic transformation processes and describes key microorganisms, such as phenol- and thiocyanate-degrading, floc-forming, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, which contribute to the removal of pollutants from coke plant effluents. Providing the theoretical basis for technical issues (in this case the microbiology of coke plant effluent treatment) aids the optimization of existing technologies and the design of new management techniques.
Bilateral versus unilateral total knee replacement with 35-day morbidity and mortality: A Bi-Centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Alameri Mariam Ahmad , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Ashour Abdullah Moh'd Talaat , Al-Saati Ma'ad Faisal 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Total Knee Replacement (TKR) has been the most successful intervention that reduces knee pain and improves physical function of rheumatoid arthritis patients. This study aims to compare the complications and recovery for bilateral versus unilateral TKR within 35 days of post-surgery.

Method:
This is a prospective observational study that was done in two medical centres in Saudi Arabia. All patients who underwent primary TKR surgery in the included medical centres between the period of October 2018 till July 2019 were eligible for this study. A prospective data collection sheet was used to follow up for each patient for 35 days of post-surgery.

Results:
242 patients were involved in this study. The mean age for unilateral TKR patients was 66.95 ± 8.91 years, whereas 64.53 ± 8.88 years for bilateral TKR patients. Days required to start walking post-operation of unilateral TKR were significantly higher than that of bilateral TKR (2.66 ± 1.13 days versus 2.30 ± 0.98 days). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was found in bilateral TKR 11 (4.5%) more than 4 (1.7%) unilateral TKR. Confirmed diagnosis (pulmonary embolism (PE) or DVT) was observed in 10 (4.2%) bilateral TKR more than unilateral TKR 2 (0.8%).

Conclusion:
There are significant differences between bilateral and unilateral TKR in terms of recovery and DVT complications.

Highlights: