bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of refractory red cell aplasia after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with daratumumab
Authors: Salas Maria Queralt , Alahmari Ali , Lipton Jeffrey Howard 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is an uncommon complication secondary to ABO mismatched allogeneic stem‐cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). The best approach for PRCA after allo‐HSCT remains unclear. We aim to report a single case with refractory PRCA post‐ABO mismatched allo‐HSCT resolved with daratumumab. A 34‐year‐old male diagnosed with aplastic anemia in March 2014 received a peripheral blood reduced‐intensity allo‐HSCT from an HLA‐matched related donor in July 2016. Donor and recipient blood groups were AB positive and 0 positive, respectively, indicating a major ABO incompatibility. The patient was diagnosed with PRCA 2 months after allo‐HSCT. After failing multiple standard lines of treatment, compassionate treatment with daratumumab was requested. After receiving six doses of daratumumab, the patient had a marked reticulocyte response and consecutively become transfusion independent. In conclusion, Daratumumab is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody targeting CD38 and is used to treat multiple myeloma. The use of anti‐CD38 therapy with daratumumab to target residual host plasma cells is safe and effective, and it can be considered in refractory recipients with PRCA after allo‐HSCT secondary to ABO incompatibility.
Association of plasma C‐reactive protein with ischaemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang X. , Wang A. , Zhang J. , Singh M. , Liu D. , Zuo Y. , Wu L. , Song M. , Wang W. , Feigin V. , Wang Y. , Zheng D. 
Published: November 2019

Background and purposeElevated C‐reactive protein (CRP) is associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke (IS). However, the causality of this association is uncertain. The aim is to investigate whether genetically raised plasma CRP concentration levels are associated with IS on the basis of the Mendelian randomization method.MethodsBased on the National Center for Biotechnology Information single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) database, the Chinese online genetic database as well as previously published studies, four CRP‐associated SNP alleles (rs1130864, rs1205, rs876537 and rs3093059) with minor allele frequency ≥0.15 were selected and the concentration levels of CRP were measured in 378 first‐ever IS patients and 613 healthy controls.ResultsThree SNPs were chosen and used as instrumental variables. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] of IS per addition of the modelled allele were 1.07 (0.79–1.45) for rs876537, 0.99 (0.73–1.35) for rs1205 and 1.08 (0.71–1.65) for rs3093059. The OR (95% CI) of IS for plasma CRP ≥2.0 mg/l was 2.19 (1.06–4.53) compared with <2.0 mg/l. The adjusted OR (95% CI) of IS per genetically predicted 10% higher CRP concentration, based on the three SNPs as the instruments, was 1.02 (0.94–1.11). Furthermore, similar results were obtained with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.00 (0.88–1.13) and 1.04 (0.93–1.16), respectively, for large‐artery atherosclerosis and small‐artery occlusion per genetically predicted 10% higher CRP concentration.ConclusionsThis Mendelian randomization study provides no clear support that elevated CRP concentration is causally associated with the risk of IS.
Learning to see the invisible: A data‐driven approach to finding the underlying patterns of abnormality in visually normal brain magnetic resonance images in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Bennett Oscar F. , Kanber Baris , Hoskote Chandrashekar , Cardoso M. Jorge , Ourselin Sebastien , Duncan John S. , Winston Gavin P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo find the covert patterns of abnormality in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and visually normal brain magnetic resonance images (MRI‐negative), comparing them to those with visible abnormalities (MRI‐positive).MethodsWe used multimodal brain MRI from patients with unilateral TLE and employed contemporary machine learning methods to predict the known laterality of seizure onset in 104 subjects (82 MRI‐positive, 22 MRI‐negative). A visualization approach entitled "Importance Maps" was developed to highlight image features predictive of seizure laterality in both the MRI‐positive and MRI‐negative cases.ResultsSeizure laterality could be predicted with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.981 (95% confidence interval [CI] =0.974‐0.989) in MRI‐positive and 0.842 (95% CI = 0.736‐0.949) in MRI‐negative cases. The known image features arising from the hippocampus were the leading predictors of seizure laterality in the MRI‐positive cases, whereas widespread temporal lobe abnormalities were revealed in the MRI‐negative cases.SignificanceCovert abnormalities not discerned on visual reading were detected in MRI‐negative TLE, with a spatial pattern involving the whole temporal lobe, rather than just the hippocampus. This suggests that MRI‐negative TLE may be associated with subtle but widespread temporal lobe abnormalities. These abnormalities merit close inspection and postacquisition processing if there is no overt lesion.
Creatinine‐to‐bodyweight ratio is a predictor of incident non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A population‐based longitudinal study
Authors: Okamura Takuro , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Hamaguchi Masahide , Obora Akihiro , Kojima Takao , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: November 2019

AimSerum creatinine (Cre) is used as a surrogate marker of muscle mass. We investigated the impact of the Cre‐to‐bodyweight (BW) ratio (Cre/BW) on incident non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsFatty liver disease was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. In this historical cohort study of 13 728 participants (6397 men and 7331 women), we divided the participants into two groups by sex and into quartiles according to Cre (mg/dL)/BW (kg; Q1–4). We carried out Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, alanine aminotransferase, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and exercise.ResultsDuring the 5.1‐year follow up for men and 6.0‐year follow up for women, 2497 participants (1696 men, 801 women) developed NAFLD. The 4000‐days cumulative incidence rates of FLD for men and women were 29.6% and 16.6% in Q1, 28.2% and 10.6% in Q2, 25.5% and 8.8% in Q3, and 22.7% and 7.7% in Q4, respectively. The hazard ratios of incident NAFLD in Q1 (Cre/BW [×100]: men <1.28; women <1.17) were 1.89 (95% confidence interval 1.64–2.17, P < 0.001) in men and 2.96 (2.42–3.62, P < 0.001) in women, compared with Q4 (Cre/BW [×100]: men ≥1.61; women ≥1.51).ConclusionsA low Cre/BW is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. Screening Cre/BW can be used to identify individuals who are at high risk of NAFLD.
Morphological spectrum of immune check‐point inhibitor therapy‐associated gastritis
Authors: Johncilla Melanie , Grover Shilpa , Zhang Xuchen , Jain Dhanpat , Srivastava Amitabh 
Published: November 2019

AimsImmune check‐point inhibitors are frequently used in the treatment of a variety of solid tumours. The mechanism of action of these drugs involves up‐regulation of cytotoxic T cells, which can lead to a lack of self‐tolerance and immune‐related adverse events, including those involving the gastrointestinal tract. This study was performed to characterise the histological features of immune check‐point inhibitor therapy‐associated gastritis.Methods and resultsGastric biopsies from patients on immune check‐point inhibitor therapy with clinical suspicion of drug‐associated gastrointestinal injury were identified. The predominant histological pattern of injury, distribution of injury, degree of tissue eosinophilia and prominence of apoptosis were recorded. Presenting symptoms, treatment and follow‐up data were obtained by medical chart review. The 12 patients included in the study group were treated with ipilimumab, nivolumab or pembrolizumab for a variety of tumours. Symptoms at presentation included nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Chronic active gastritis with intra‐epithelial lymphocytosis and prominent apoptosis was seen in eight of 12 patients, and was the most useful combination for the diagnosis of drug‐induced gastritis in these patients. Four patients showed focal enhancing gastritis with a lymphohistiocytic cuff around inflamed glands reminiscent of Crohn's disease. One of those four patients was homozygous for the ATG16L1 Crohn's disease‐associated gene variant, but had no history of inflammatory bowel disease. Ten patients responded to medication withdrawal and steroid therapy, while two required treatment with infliximab.ConclusionsAwareness of the morphological spectrum of immune check‐point inhibitor therapy‐associated gastritis is important for the accurate diagnosis and prompt management of these patients.
Application of multiple sensory evaluations to produce fermented beverages made from sole whey using Kluyveromyces marxianus
Authors: Yamahata Naoki , Toyotake Yosuke , Kunieda Satomi , Wakayama Mamoru 
Published: November 2019

SummaryVarious fermented whey‐based beverages have been developed to reduce waste. However, approaches to increase the preference of whey‐based beverages are required because of the low sensory acceptability of whey. Here, we identified the better starting material (whey type), between raw whey (RW) and demineralised whey (DMW), and determined the optimal initial concentration using multiple sensory evaluations to develop acceptable fermented beverages made from sole whey with pure cultured Kluyveromyces marxianus (i.e. without additional ingredients and processing methods). Acceptance tests showed that fermented beverages made from DMW were superior to RW as the starting material. The amounts of ethanol produced were 5.0%, 7.6% and 9.5% v/v from the different initial DMW concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% w/v, respectively. We observed a significant positive correlation (rs = 0.32, P < 0.05) between the assessment attributes, strength of taste as alcohol beverage and overall acceptability, indicating that higher concentrations of DMW yielded a more desirable product.
Small‐molecule inhibitors of ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 enhance type‐I interferon antiviral efficacy by destabilizing SOCS1
Authors: Yuan Yukang , Miao Ying , Zeng Chenhua , Liu Jin , Chen Xiangjie , Qian Liping , Wang Xiaofang , Qian Feng , Yu Zhengyuan , Wang Jun , Qian Guanghui , Fu Qian , Lv Haitao , Zheng Hui 
Published: November 2019

SummaryType‐I interferons (IFN‐I) are used as common antiviral drugs for a range of viral diseases in clinic. However, the antiviral efficacy of IFN‐I is largely restricted by negative regulators of IFN‐I signaling in cells. Therefore, identification of intracellular inhibitors of IFN‐I signaling is important for developing novel targets to improve IFN‐I antiviral therapy. In this study, we report that the deubiquitinase ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7) negatively regulates IFN‐I‐mediated antiviral activity. USP7 physically interacts with suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and enhances SOCS1 protein stability by deubiquitination effects, which in turn restricts IFN‐I‐induced activation of Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 signaling. Interestingly, viral infection up‐regulates USP7 and therefore facilitates viral immune evasion. Importantly, the USP7 small‐molecule inhibitors P5091 and P22077 inhibit SOCS1 expression and enhance IFN‐I antiviral efficacy. Our findings identify a novel regulator of IFN‐I antiviral activity and reveal that USP7 inhibitors could be potential enhancement agents for improving IFN‐I antiviral therapy.
Long‐term outcome after totally thoracoscopic ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Vos Lara M. , Bentala Mohamed , Geuzebroek Guillaume SC. , Molhoek Sander G. , van Putte Bart P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionTotally thoracoscopic ablation for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) refractory to drug or catheter based therapy is indicated as a Class 2A recommendation according to latest guidelines. Evidence for long‐term rhythm control and stroke reduction is limited. The aim of this study was to report on long‐term outcome after totally thoracoscopic ablation.Methods and ResultsIn total 82 consecutive patients were included that underwent totally thoracoscopic ablation including left appendage closure (2012‐2013). The primary outcome was freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence. Secondary outcomes were survival, freedom from cerebrovascular events, freedom from reablation and definite pacemaker implantation. The mean age was 59.9 ± 8.6 years and 71% were male. The mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 1.2 ± 1.0. The overall freedom from atrial arrhythmia was 60% after a mean follow up of 4.0 ± 0.6 years. Freedom from cerebrovascular events was 98.8% after mean follow‐up of 4.4 ± 0.3 years and overall survival was 98.8%, with one noncardiac related death. The observed rate of ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke or transient ischemic attack was 0.3 per 100 patient‐years.ConclusionsTotally thoracoscopic ablation is an effective sustainable rhythm control therapy for AF with a reasonable recurrence rate and low stroke rate when performed in dedicated AF centers.
Spondin 2 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells
Authors: Lu Haoming , Feng Ying , Hu Yilin , Guo Yibing , Liu Yifei , Mao Qinsheng , Xue Wanjiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSpondin 2 (SPON2), a member of the Mindin F‐Spondin family, identifies pathogens, activates congenital immunity and promotes the growth and adhesion of neurons as well as binding to their receptors, but its role in promoting or inhibiting tumour metastasis is controversial. Here, we investigated its expression levels and mechanism of action in gastric cancer (GC). Western blotting and GC tissue arrays were used to determine the expression levels of SPON2. ELISAs were performed to measure the serum levels of SPON2 in patients with GC. Two GC cell lines expressing low levels of SPON2 were used to analyse the effects of regulating SPON2 expression on proliferation, migration, invasion, the cell cycle and apoptosis. The results revealed that SPON2 was highly expressed in GC tissues from patients with relapse or metastasis. The levels of SPON2 in sera of patients with GC were significantly higher compared with those of healthy individuals and patients with atrophic gastritis. Knockdown of SPON2 expression significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Down‐regulation of SPON2 arrested the cell cycle in G1/S, accelerated apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and inhibited the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition by blocking activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. In summary, this study suggests that SPON2 acts as an oncogene in the development of GC and may serve as a marker for the diagnosing GC as well as a new therapeutic target for GC.
Image scanning difference microscopy
Authors: CHEN YUCHEN , LIU SHAOCONG , ZHANG CHENGFENG , ZHANG ZHIMIN , KUANG CUIFANG , HAO XIANG , LIU XU 
Published: November 2019

SummaryHere, we propose a novel imaging method, which is called image scanning difference microscopy (ISDM), for superresolution imaging. In ISDM, we implement a detector array composed of 19 avalanche photodiodes (APD) rather than single‐point detector in standard confocal microscopy for reconstructing superresolved images with higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). Combining with our former proposed fluorescence emission difference (FED) method, we have achieved a lateral resolution of 111 nm (∼λ/6) without the damage of image quality, the highest FED resolution to the best of our knowledge. With its simple setup and remarkable performance, we believe that ISDM can become a versatile observation tool in biology and other fundamental studies.Lay DescriptionFluorescence emission difference (FED) microscopy is a really simple and generalisable superresolved fluorescence microscopy method based on PSF engineering and difference algorithm recently. Compared to stimulated‐emission‐depletion fluorescence microscopy (STED), FED don't need complicated system or precise alignment and polarisation, available for wide variety of dyes and has low photobleaching and phototoxicity for living cells. However, the distortion caused by negative value is one of the biggest obstacles to the further development of FED.In light of this, we propose a novel superresolution imaging method based on the FED method with parallel detection system, which is called image scanning difference microscopy (ISDM). Our method has achieved a significant breakthrough in FED, increasing the resolution further while reducing artefacts generated by negative values, which cannot be accomplished through combining other methods. In addition, ISDM does not require complex setup and optical alignment, long time imaging and imposing no constraint on dyes. Importantly, we realised a transverse resolution of ∼λ/6 (triple diffraction limit) with single wavelength, single incident path and low light intensity, which has never been achieved in any other far‐field superresolution microscopy.
The mental artery: anatomical study and literature review
Authors: Kikuta Shogo , Iwanaga Joe , Kusukawa Jingo , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe mental artery is a terminal branch of the inferior alveolar artery arising from the maxillary artery. It often communicates with the submental and inferior labial arteries branching off the facial artery. To our knowledge, few reports have described its anatomy and clinical significance in detail. The aim of this paper was to clarify the anatomy of the mental artery. Ten sides from five embalmed Caucasian cadaveric heads were used. The facial artery was identified at the point passing through a notch for the facial vessels and was traced medially. The mental artery and its anastomoses with other arteries were observed in detail. It was detected on all sides. Fourteen anastomoses were found, eight with the inferior labial artery and six with the submental artery. On one side, the mental artery directly supplied the lower lip with no anastomosis. The inferior labial artery tended to anastomose with the mental artery superior to the mental foramen and was likely to anastomose with the submental artery anterior to the mental foramen. We clarified the detailed anatomy of the mental artery. Our results could provide dentists with information that will help them to make oral surgery safer and more successful.
Partner Politics: How Partners Are Relevant to Voting
Authors: Daenekindt Stijn , de Koster Willem , van der Waal Jeroen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe authors study how partners are relevant to voting.BackgroundPrevious studies have assessed whether having a partner influences political participation. The authors focus on how having a partner may affect political participation in different ways. The authors theorize and analytically disentangle three mechanisms through which partners relate to voting.MethodThe authors analyze the most recent wave of the European Social Survey and limit the analyses to people in a heterosexual relationship who cohabit with their partner (n = 23,373). In contrast to previous studies, the authors use Diagonal Reference Models, which allow them to disentangle the different ways in which partners affect voting.ResultsThe authors find that both the educational level of the respondents and that of their partners positively affect voting. In addition, the relative position of a person in an educationally heterogamous relationship proves to be related to voting: Citizens whose level of education is lower than that of their partner are less likely to vote than people who have the same level of education but who are in an educationally homogamous relationship.ConclusionThe authors argue that the lowest educated partner in a heterogamous relationship experiences a lower sense of entitlement to participate politically. This study increases the understanding of voting and underlines the political relevance of the family.
Tied and Troubled: Revisiting Tied Migration and Subsequent Employment
Authors: Krieger Magdalena 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis article looks at couples' migration decision making processes and their gender‐specific employment consequences after migration to Germany.BackgroundInternational migration has evolved into a common experience for couples around the globe. Previous research has focused on the internal migration of couples and families. This article is the first to consider couples' international migration decisions drawing on the theoretical concepts of Mincer's tied migration theory and gender role beliefs.MethodUsing data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel Survey, this study explores the labor market integration of tied, lead, and equal immigrants. Labor market integration is measured in terms of the probability to be employed and the time to first employment in Germany. The author investigates these outcomes via differences‐in‐differences and survival analysis regression techniques.ResultsMale tied, relative to lead and equal immigrants, are significantly less likely to be employed shortly after migration as well as in the long run. By contrast, no significant differences in the employment probability showed between female tied migrants and their reference groups after migration. Yet, lead migrants of both genders enter the German labor market earlier than tied as well as equal movers.ConclusionThis study provides the first evidence on the significance of circumstances in couples' migration decisions making for (gender‐specific) returns to migration and in that highlights key aspects of international couple migration.
SUITer: An Automated Method for Improving Segmentation of Infratentorial Structures at Ultra‐High‐Field MRI
Authors: El Mendili Mohamed Mounir , Petracca Maria , Podranski Kornelius , Fleysher Lazar , Cocozza Sirio , Inglese Matilde 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe advent of high and ultra‐high‐field MRI has significantly improved the investigation of infratentorial structures by providing high‐resolution images. However, none of the publicly available methods for cerebellar image analysis has been optimized for high‐resolution images yet.METHODSWe present the implementation of an automated algorithm—SUITer (spatially unbiased infratentorial for enhanced resolution) method for cerebellar lobules parcellation on high‐resolution MR images acquired at both 3 and 7T MRI. SUITer was validated on five manually segmented data and compared with SUIT, FreeSurfer, and convolutional neural networks (CNN). SUITer was then applied to 3 and 7T MR images from 10 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 10 healthy controls (HCs).RESULTSThe difference in volumes estimation for the cerebellar grey matter (GM), between the manual segmentation (ground truth), SUIT, CNN, and SUITer was reduced when computed by SUITer compared to SUIT (5.56 vs. 29.23 mL) and CNN (5.56 vs. 9.43 mL). FreeSurfer showed low volumes difference (3.56 mL). SUITer segmentations showed a high correlation (R2 = .91) and a high overlap with manual segmentations for cerebellar GM (83.46%). SUITer also showed low volumes difference (7.29 mL), high correlation (R2 = .99), and a high overlap (87.44%) for cerebellar GM segmentations across magnetic fields. SUITer showed similar cerebellar GM volume differences between MS patients and HC at both 3T and 7T (7.69 and 7.76 mL, respectively).CONCLUSIONSSUITer provides accurate segmentations of infratentorial structures across different resolutions and MR fields.