bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The systematical detection and structure characterization of vanadium‐oxygen species in low concentration solutions by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy experiments and density functional theory calculations
Authors: Wang Weijia , Zhang Xiaolin , Wu Shishi , Xu Bolian , Li Shuchao , He Lirong , Li Xiaohong , Chen Zhaoxu , Fan Yining , Vellaisamy A. L. Roy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVanadium–oxygen species are very harmful to the environment and human health, and also some vanadium–oxygen species have good biological and biomedical effects to human beings. Thus, the study of vanadium–oxygen species is very significant. The types of V–O species are very complex. So far, however, the various structures of V–O species cannot be identified clearly. In this work, the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to study vanadium–oxygen species in aqueous solution directly. The SERS spectra with high enhancement factor (EF) and detail information were obtained by the enhancement substrates such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ag mirror, the Au‐deposited Pt electrodes, and rough Au electrodes. The structures of vanadium‐oxygen species in solutions with different concentration and pH had been well‐characterized firstly by the combination of SERS experiments with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work will promote the basic study of the V–O species, and it is also a promotion for the SERS and analytical chemistry.
Bio‐probing with nonresonant surface‐enhanced hyper‐Raman scattering excited at 1,550 nm
Authors: Heiner Zsuzsanna , Madzharova Fani , Živanović Vesna , Kneipp Janina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe two‐photon excited process of surface‐enhanced hyper‐Raman scattering (SEHRS) provides advantages for studies of complex biological samples, yet suitable SEHRS nanoprobes and labels, as well as experimental conditions, must be established. Here, SEHRS spectra of the four reporter molecules (2‐naphthalenethiol [2‐NAT], para‐aminothiophenol (pATP), para‐nitrothiophenol (pNTP), and crystal violet), as well as the two antidepressant drugs (desipramine and imipramine) were obtained at an excitation wavelength of 1,550 nm using different citrate‐stabilized gold nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles, and under conditions that permit experiments with living cultured cells. As the results suggest, the short‐wave infrared laser excitation and the hyper‐Raman scattered light (corresponding to wavelengths > 775 nm) match the plasmonic properties of the employed gold and silver nanoaggregates, as well as the requirements regarding the viability of the cells. The two‐photon excited spectra of three types of SEHRS labels containing 2‐NAT as reporter inside macrophage cells show that molecules in the cellular environment can also be observed. The possibility to use short‐wave infrared excitation with gold nanostructures has important implications for the utilization of SEHRS in bio‐probing.
The impact of sarcopenia on oncologic abdominal wall reconstruction
Authors: Bailey Chad M. , Schaverien Mark V. , Garvey Patrick B. , Liu Jessie , Butler Charles E. , Mericli Alexander F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSarcopenia is an objective measure of patient frailty and is a predictor of adverse surgical outcomes. We hypothesized that sarcopenia is associated with increased surgical site occurrence (SSO) and hernia occurrences in patients undergoing oncologic abdominal wall reconstruction.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) for an abdominal wall ablative defect at a single center from 2005 to 2015 were evaluated. The total psoas index (TPI) was used to define sarcopenia. The primary endpoint of the study was hernia occurrence; (SSO) was a secondary outcome measure.ResultsEighty‐six patients met the inclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that sarcopenia increased the risk of hernia more than threefold, trending toward significance (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 0.69‐15.4; P = .13). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that preoperative radiotherapy (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.4‐16; P = .01) and obesity (OR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.5‐16.3; P =.009) were independent predictors of developing an SSO.ConclusionsSarcopenia, as defined by TPI, is correlated with hernia occurrence, but not SSO. These findings emphasize the importance of preoperative fitness and nutritional optimization and provide useful information for preoperative counseling and risk stratification.
Determination of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and milk using solid‐phase extraction packed with graphene/chitosan composite aerogel prior to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Gao Yuanji , Qin Yunan , Xiong Feng , Zhao Lijuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ubiquitous compounds that result from incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of natural and man‐made combustion sources, can adversely affects human health due to their well‐known toxicity. This paper demonstrates the significant potential of graphene/chitosan composite aerogels as solid‐phase extraction sorbents for efficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon extraction and material for the highly sensitive analysis in environmental samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in selective ion monitoring mode. Under the optimal condition, samples spiked with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined at the pg/mL level in different aqueous sample matrices, including tap water, river water, and milk. The results showed that the prepared aerogels have excellent adsorption capability for 16 target analytes. The limits of detection ranged from 1.7 to 8.8 pg/mL. The recoveries of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons spiked in river water ranged from 85.9 to 113%, with relative standard deviations of 1.1–6.6%. The sorbent was reused for multiple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon extractions using a single solid‐phase extraction cartridge in the concentration range of 10–2000 pg/mL. The method provides excellent correlation coefficients over 0.9990. These results indicate the capability of this method to determine trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in any water matrix.
Prospective Longitudinal Evaluation of Point‐of‐Care Lung Ultrasound in Critically Ill Patients With Severe COVID‐19 Pneumonia
Authors: Alharthy Abdulrahman , Faqihi Fahad , Abuhamdah Mohamed , Noor Alfateh , Naseem Nasir , Balhamar Abdullah , Al Saud Ahad Alhassan Al Saud Bin Abdulaziz , Brindley Peter G. , Memish Ziad A. , Karakitsos Dimitrios , Blaivas Michael 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesTo perform a prospective longitudinal analysis of lung ultrasound findings in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).MethodsEighty‐nine intensive care unit (ICU) patients with confirmed COVID‐19 were prospectively enrolled and tracked. Point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) examinations were performed with phased array, convex, and linear transducers using portable machines. The thorax was scanned in 12 lung areas: anterior, lateral, and posterior (superior/inferior) bilaterally. Lower limbs were scanned for deep venous thrombosis and chest computed tomographic angiography was performed to exclude suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Follow‐up POCUS was performed weekly and before hospital discharge.ResultsPatients were predominantly male (84.2%), with a median age of 43 years. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 17 (interquartile range, 10–22) days; the ICU length of stay was 22 (interquartile range, 20.2–25.2) days; and the 28‐day mortality rate was 28.1%. On ICU admission, POCUS detected bilateral irregular pleural lines (78.6%) with accompanying confluent and separate B‐lines (100%), variable consolidations (61.7%), and pleural and cardiac effusions (22.4% and 13.4%, respectively). These findings appeared to signify a late stage of COVID‐19 pneumonia. Deep venous thrombosis was identified in 16.8% of patients, whereas chest computed tomographic angiography confirmed PE in 24.7% of patients. Five to six weeks after ICU admission, follow‐up POCUS examinations detected significantly lower rates (P < .05) of lung abnormalities in survivors.ConclusionsPoint‐of‐care ultrasound depicted B‐lines, pleural line irregularities, and variable consolidations. Lung ultrasound findings were significantly decreased by ICU discharge, suggesting persistent but slow resolution of at least some COVID‐19 lung lesions. Although POCUS identified deep venous thrombosis in less than 20% of patients at the bedside, nearly one‐fourth of all patients were found to have computed tomography–proven PE.
The Family Impact of Having a Child with a Tracheostomy
Authors: Johnson Romaine F. , Brown Ashley , Brooks Rebecca 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesMeasure the quality of life among families with children with tracheostomies.MethodsWe performed a prospective cross‐sectional analysis of families with children with tracheostomies utilizing the PedQL Family Impact Module—a validated quality of life assessment. We determined if scores were impacted by demographics using regression analysis. We also compared the tracheostomy sample's scores to a previously published cohort of children with severe cerebral palsy and birth defects that required home nursing or nursing home placement using the student's t‐test. We determined the effect size of the difference between the two groups using the Cohen's d test.ResultsNinety‐eight families are included in the study. The average (SD) age of tracheostomy placement was 1.6 (3.5) years. The population was 60% (59/98) male and 39% (38/98) Hispanic. The principal reason for tracheostomy was due to respiratory failure (76 out of 98; 78%). The mean (SD) total Family Impact score was 76 (19). The lowest domain score was daily activity problems, mean (SD) = 67 (30) followed by worry (mean = 69, SD = 24). The lowest question score was, “I worry about my child's future,” mean (SD) = 52 (37). When compared to the comparison group of medically fragile children, the scores were statistically similar except for communication totals where tracheostomy patients reported superior scores (78.3 vs. 62.9, 95% CI, −26 to −4.8, P = .005, Cohen's d = −0.66).ConclusionThe presence of a tracheostomy is associated with QOL scores like other medically fragile children.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:911–915, 2021
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Kininogen‐1 Indicate Early Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Markaki Ioanna , Bergström Sofia , Tsitsi Panagiota , Remnestål Julia , Månberg Anna , Hertz Ellen , Paslawski Wojciech , Sorjonen Kimmo , Uhlén Mathias , Mangone Graziella , Carvalho Stephanie , Rascol Olivier , Meissner Wassilios G. , Magnin Eloi , Wüllner Ullrich , Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Nilsson Peter , Svenningsson Per 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is common in patients with PD. Core markers of Alzheimer's dementia have been related also to PD dementia, but no disease‐specific signature to predict PD dementia exists to date.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate CSF markers associated with cognition in early PD.MethodsA high‐throughput suspension bead array examined 216 proteins in CSF of 74 PD patients in the AETIONOMY project. Cognitive function was assessed with Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Mini‐Mental State Examination.ResultsOf 69 patients with complete data, 34 had high (≥90) and 35 had low Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status total score (<90). Of 14 proteins in CSF that differed in levels between groups, increased kininogen‐1, validated with several antibodies, was independently associated with lower Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of the Neuropsychological Status and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores after adjustment for confounders.ConclusionsKininogen‐1 levels in CSF may serve as a marker of cognitive impairment in PD. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Frequency and spectrum of actionable pathogenic secondary findings in Taiwanese exomes
Authors: Kuo Chieh‐Wen , Hwu Wuh‐Liang , Chien Yin‐Hsiu , Hsu Ching , Hung Miao‐Zi , Lin I‐Lin , Lai Feipei , Lee Ni‐Chung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundExome sequencing has recently become more readily available, and more information about incidental findings has been disclosed. However, data from East Asia are scarce. We studied the application of exome sequencing to the identification of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the ACMG 59 gene list and the frequency of these variants in the Taiwanese population.MethodsThis study screened 161 Taiwanese exomes for variants from the ACMG 59 gene list. The identified variants were reviewed based on information from different databases and the available literature and classified according to the ACMG standard guidelines.ResultsWe identified seven pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in eight individuals, with five participants with autosomal recessive variants in one allele and three participants with autosomal dominant variants. Approximately 1.86% (3/161) of the Taiwanese individuals had a reportable pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant as determined by whole‐exome sequencing (WES), which was comparable to the proportions published previously in other countries. We further investigated the high carrier rate of rare variants in the ATP7B gene, which might indicate a founder effect in our population.ConclusionThis study was the first to provide Taiwanese population data of incidental findings and emphasized a high carrier rate of candidate pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the ATP7B gene.
A 100Gbps all‐optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based on discrete Haar wavelet transform for radio over fiber system
Authors: Sreedevi P , Vijayakumar N 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAll‐optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) for a radio over fiber system (RoF) using discrete Haar wavelet transform (DHWT) is proposed and investigated for 100Gbps system. The system makes use of passive optical couplers to generate orthogonal symbols based on DHWT. Phase preemphasis technique is incorporated to minimize high peak average power ratio, which in turn minimizes the nonlinear effects of the system. Simulation set up of 25 × 4Gbps all‐optical OFDM is compared with that of the existing systems. Results of the proposed system are on a par with that of the conventional OFDM‐RoF systems employing discrete fourier transform.
Overview of the Saudi National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. , Al‐Habeeb AbdulHameed , Altwaijri Yasmin A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo present background information for the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS) on the Saudi mental healthcare delivery system and previous epidemiological research on the prevalence and treatment of mental disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).MethodsArchival information and the results of a literature review are presented.ResultsKSA is the largest sovereign nation in the Middle East and the largest free market economy in the Middle East and North Africa. A national mental health policy has been in existence since 2006, but mental health spending still is less than in most other high‐income countries. The Ministry of Health has recently begun developing a new healthcare system based on a patient‐centered model of care that will integrate care of mental disorders with care of physical disorders. Previous epidemiological research on mental disorders in KSA has been limited, making the SNMHS important for policy planning purposes to obtain accurate estimates of prevalence, treatment, and barriers to treatment.ConclusionsThe SNMHS will provide valuable information for policy planning purposes on the burden of untreated mental disorders in KSA and barriers to treatment.
Adaptive baseline fitting for MR spectroscopy analysis
Authors: Wilson Martin 
Published: August 2020

PurposeAccurate baseline modeling is essential for reliable MRS analysis and interpretation—particularly at short echo‐times, where enhanced metabolite information coincides with elevated baseline interference. The degree of baseline smoothness is a key analysis parameter for metabolite estimation, and in this study, a new method is presented to estimate its optimal value.MethodsAn adaptive baseline fitting algorithm (ABfit) is described, incorporating a spline basis into a frequency‐domain analysis model, with a penalty parameter to enforce baseline smoothness. A series of candidate analyses are performed over a range of smoothness penalties, as part of a 4‐stage algorithm, and the Akaike information criterion is used to estimate the appropriate penalty. ABfit is applied to a set of simulated spectra with differing baseline features and experimentally acquired 2D MRSI—both at a field strength of 3 Tesla.ResultsSimulated analyses demonstrate metabolite errors result from 2 main sources: bias from an inflexible baseline (underfitting) and increased variance from an overly flexible baseline (overfitting). In the case of an ideal flat baseline, ABfit is shown to correctly estimate a highly rigid baseline, and for more realistic spectra a reasonable compromise between bias and variance is found. Analysis of experimentally acquired data demonstrates good agreement with known correlations between metabolite ratios and the contributing volumes of gray and white matter tissue.ConclusionsABfit has been shown to perform accurate baseline estimation and is suitable for fully automated routine MRS analysis.
Recovery kinetics of creatine in mild plantar flexion exercise using 3D creatine CEST imaging at 7 Tesla
Authors: Kumar Dushyant , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Thakuri Deepa , Wilson Neil , Cember Abigail , Martin Melissa Lynne , Zhu Dan , Shinohara Russell T. , Qin Qin , Hariharan Hari , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTwo‐dimensional creatine CEST (2D‐CrCEST), with a slice thickness of 10‐20 mm and temporal resolution (τRes) of about 30 seconds, has previously been shown to capture the creatine‐recovery kinetics in healthy controls and in patients with abnormal creatine‐kinase kinetics following the mild plantar flexion exercise. Since the distribution of disease burden may vary across the muscle length for many musculoskeletal disorders, there is a need to increase coverage in the slice‐encoding direction. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of 3D‐CrCEST with τRes of about 30 seconds, and propose an improved voxel‐wise ‐calibration approach for CrCEST.MethodsThe current 7T study with enrollment of 5 volunteers involved collecting the baseline CrCEST imaging for the first 2 minutes, followed by 2 minutes of plantar flexion exercise and then 8 minutes of postexercise CrCEST imaging, to detect the temporal evolution of creatine concentration following exercise.ResultsVery good repeatability of 3D‐CrCEST findings for activated muscle groups on an intraday and interday basis was established, with coefficient of variance of creatine recovery constants (τCr) being 7%‐15.7%, 7.5%, and 5.8% for lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, and peroneus longus, respectively. We also established a good intraday and interday scan repeatability for 3D‐CrCEST and also showed good correspondence between τCr measurements using 2D‐CrCEST and 3D‐CrCEST acquisitions.ConclusionIn this study, we demonstrated for the first time the feasibility and the repeatability of the 3D‐CrCEST method in calf muscle with improved correction to measure creatine‐recovery kinetics within a large 3D volume of calf muscle.
A new contact detection method for arbitrary dilated polyhedra with potential function in discrete element method
Authors: Liu Lu , Ji Shunying 
Published: August 2020

SummaryContact detection significantly affects the computational efficiency of discrete element simulations, especially for irregularly shaped elements. The dilated polyhedron is constructed by the Minkowski sum of a dilated sphere and a core convex polyhedron. One of the greatest advantages of using the dilated polyhedron in contact detection lies in its ability to be solved by calculating the nearest distance between corresponding core polyhedra. The approximate envelope function (AEF) of a dilated polyhedron is formed by the weighted summation of the second‐order dilated function of the polyhedral and spherical functions. The AEF can be used to represent the element in the optimization model for the contact center. Geometric calculations are then employed for the contact points on the core polyhedron, whereupon the contact detection is solved. The accuracy and stability of the proposed method by a 3‐D Voronoi tessellation are validated using analytical solutions and previously published simulation results. The efficiency tests show that the speedup of the CPU‐based multithread algorithm can reach 14 on a desktop. The direct shear test of the Voronoi shaped ballast is analyzed by this method. The shear stress under different vertical pressure is compared with previously published experimental and simulated results.
Family resilience and flourishment: Well‐being among children with mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
Authors: Herbell Kayla , Breitenstein Susan M. , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Guo Jinhong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractApproximately 20% of children and adolescents in the United States are affected by mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) disorders. Child flourishment and family resilience contribute to healthy family development, including the promotion of child MEB wellbeing. Identifying factors that promote child flourishment and family resilience are critical. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and parenting factors associated with family resilience and child flourishment among children aged 6–17 years with MEB disorders. This was a secondary analysis of the 2016–2017 National Survey of Children's Health. The sample consisted of parents and their children (n = 1,900, weighted n = 5,375,670). Data were weighted to be representative of the US population and analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression. We found that only 6.3% of children aged 6–17 with an MEB were optimally flourishing. Parental aggravation was negatively associated with child flourishment, and parental coping was positively associated with child flourishment. In total, 66.5% of families with children exhibited resilience. Parental coping and availability of parental emotional support were positively associated with family resilience. Potential interventions that leverage study findings include parent training to increase parental emotional regulation (e.g., increase frustration tolerance, coping skills) and family navigation services to increase parental support (e.g., emotional support, coping skills) through the child's treatment trajectory. Overall, this study provides evidence of a disparity in flourishment in America's youth with MEB disorders, and despite this adversity, families are resilient.
A case of symmetric lipomatosis of the tongue arising in a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis presenting with macroglossia
Authors: Murayama Atsushi , Kuroda Takashi , Shudo Atsushi , Kang Yangsun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSymmetric lipomatosis of the tongue (SLT) is a non‐epithelial benign tumor with symmetrical adipose hyperplasia in bilateral tongue margins. SLT is a rare disease that is suggested to be associated with abnormalities in fat metabolism. The patient was a 66‐year‐old male with his history of alcoholic who had a large mass on the bilateral tongue margins. The tumor was resected under general anesthesia. Histopathological findings showed that the adipose tissue lacked a capsule and extended to the muscle tissue. SLT was diagnosed because lipomas with indistinct histopathological boundaries appeared on both sides of the tongue.