bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Metabolic Model in Preterm Neonates by Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Benjing , Zhang Qin , Wang Qi , Ma Jun , Cao Xiaoju , Chen Yaping , Pan Yuhong , Li Hong , Xiang Jingjing , Wang Ting 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe changes of metabolite profiles in preterm birth have been demonstrated using newborn screening data. However, little is known about the holistic metabolic model in preterm neonates. The aim was to investigate the holistic metabolic model in preterm neonates. All metabolite values were obtained from a cohort data of routine newborn screening. A total of 261 758 newborns were recruited and randomly divided into a training subset and a testing subset. Using the training subset, 949 variates were considered to establish a logistic regression model for identifying preterm birth (<37 weeks) from term birth (≥37 weeks). Sventy-two variates (age at collection, TSH, 17α-OHP, proline, tyrosine, C16:1-OH, C18:2, and 65 ratios) entered into the final metabolic model for identifying preterm birth from term birth. Among the variates entering into the final model of PTB [Leucine+Isoleucine+Proline-OH)/Valine (OR=38.36], (C3DC+C4-OH)/C12 (OR=15.58), Valine/C5 (OR=6.32), [Leucine+isoleucine+Proline-OH)/Ornithine (OR=2.509)], and Proline/C18:1 (OR=2.465) have the top five OR values, and [Leucine+Isoleucine+Proline-OH)/C5 (OR=0.05)], [Leucine+Isoleucine+Proline-OH)/Phenylalanine (OR=0.214)], proline/valine (OR=0.230), C16/C18 (OR=0.259), and Alanine/free carnitine (OR=0.279) have the five lowest OR values. The final metabolic model had a capacity of identifying preterm infants with >80% accuracy in both the training and testing subsets. When identifying neonates ≤32 weeks from those >32 weeks, it had a robust performance with nearly 95% accuracy in both subsets. In summary, we have established an excellent metabolic model in preterm neonates. These findings could provide new insights for more efficient nutrient supplements and etiology of preterm birth.
Myelodysplastische Syndrome: Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Nachtkamp Kathrin , Gattermann Norbert , Germing Ulrich 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Überblick über Diagnostik und Therapie der myelodysplastischen Syndrome (MDS) darstellen, aber auch aktuelle wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen zur Ätiopathogenese, Pathophysiologie und Klassifikation der myeloischen Neoplasien erläutern, die den Blickwinkel auf die MDS in mancher Hinsicht erweitern können und möglicherweise in Zukunft auch in der Klinik Berücksichtigung finden werden.
Der Pathological Buying Screener: Validierung in einer klinischen Stichprobe
Authors: Müller Astrid , Trotzke Patrick , Laskowski Nora M. , Brederecke Jan , Georgiadou Ekaterini , Tahmassebi Nadja , Hillemacher Thomas , de Zwaan Martina , Brand Matthias 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Ziel der Studie war die Validierung des 13-Item Pathological Buying Screener (PBS, [1]) in einer klinischen Stichprobe.
Methodik Der PBS wurde von 413 therapieaufsuchenden Patient/innen ausgefüllt (pathologisches Kaufen n=151, pathologisches Glücksspiel n=59, Alkoholabhängigkeit n=60, andere psychische Erkrankungen [Angststörung, Depression, Essstörung, somatoforme Störung] n=143). An den Daten der Gesamtstichprobe wurden die Faktorenstruktur des PBS mit einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse und die Reliabilität mittels Cronbachs α getestet. Aussagen zur Diskriminationsfähigkeit des PBS wurden anhand von Gruppenvergleichen getroffen. Die Gruppe mit pathologischem Kaufen beantwortete weitere Fragebögen, um über Korrelationsanalysen die konvergente und divergente Validität des PBS zu untersuchen. Von einigen Patient/innen dieser Gruppe (n=29) lagen PBS-Summenwerte vor und nach Psychotherapie vor, die zur Einschätzung der Änderungssensitivität des Fragebogens herangezogen wurden. Basierend auf einer Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analyse mit PBS Daten der Patient/innen mit pathologischem Kaufen und aus einer früheren Bevölkerungsstichrobe [1] wurde ein PBS-Schwellenwert für pathologisches Kaufen ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Sowohl das Ein-Faktor als auch das Zwei-Faktor Modell mit den Subskalen „Kontrollverlust/Konsequenzen“ (10 Items) und „Exzessives Kaufverhalten“ (3 Items) zeigten eine gute Modellpassung. Die beiden Subskalen waren stark interkorreliert (r=0,92). Eine hierarchische Regressionsanalyse mit einem anderen kaufsuchtspezifischen Fragebogen (abhängige Variablen) ergabe keine Hinweise auf eine eigene inkrementelle Validität der Subskala „Exzessives Kaufverhalten“. Für den PBS-Summenwert sind eine gute konvergente, divergente und diskriminative Validität gegeben. Der empfohlene PBS-Cut-off Wert von ≥29 [1] ist mit einer hohen Sensitivität (98%) und Spezifität (94,7%) verbunden.
Schlussfolgerung Der PBS bildet Kaufsuchtsymptome reliabel und valide ab und eignet sich für die Anwendung im klinischen Bereich.
“Ok, qui d’autre na, nobody on the line right now?”
Authors: Bourgeois Samuel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Discourse markers (DMs) in bilingual speech have received much attention in language contact studies because their semantic and syntactic detachability make them easy targets for being used bilingually. Though past studies on multilingual DM usage have provided rich insights, open questions remain with regard to non-salient examples and the emergence of mixed code DMs. This paper looks at the DM system of Cajun bilinguals in Louisiana using a Diasystematic Construction Grammar approach. The analysis demonstrates that the DM systems of Cajun bilinguals are simultaneously active. Besides using DMs outside of their native languages, evidence of the congruence of the two systems is further supported by the documentation of mixed code DMs such as na, yeah mais and mais yeah.
Additional language acquisition as emerging multilingualism
Authors: Höder Steffen , Prentice Julia , Tingsell Sofia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Recent years have seen an increasing interest in applying Construction Grammar to additional language (AL) acquisition as well as in constructionist approaches to language contact and multilingualism, in particular Diasystematic Construction Grammar (DCxG; Höder, 2018). This paper combines both perspectives by proposing a usage-based constructionist model of AL acquisition as emerging multilingualism. In line with earlier work on DCxG, we assume that multilingual speakers store and process all of their languages in terms of constructions that are organized into one common constructicon. From that perspective, AL learning amounts to an extension and reorganization of the constructicon, resulting not only in the gradual entrenchment of new constructions that represent (a learner variety of) the AL, but also in modifications of previously acquired constructions and the links between them. The model is illustrated by examples from different kinds of AL acquisition scenarios and also discussed in relation to current key concepts within non-constructionist research in the field of AL acquisition.
Polymer-derived Er3+-doped La2Zr2O7 nanocrystals: Synthesis, microstructure and photoluminescence
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhao Tong , Ye Li , Sui Xudong , Zhang Shuaituo , Hao Junying 
Published: November 2020

La2Zr2O7 nanocrystals doped with Er3+ were prepared from curing and pyrolysis of La2Zr2O7 preceramic precursor modified by erbium acetylacetonate for the purpose of photoluminescence applications. The crystallisation behaviour, microstructure and photoluminescence of the generated ceramics were investigated. The nanocrystals derived from the precursor annealed at 900 °C for 2 h exhibit a single-phase solid solution with an average crystallite size of about 20 nm. The emission band centred at 528 nm was attributed to the 2H11/2→4I15/2 transition, while those at 550 and 562 nm were ascribed to the 4S3/2→4I15/2 transition. The optimal molar ratio of Er3+/Zr4+ for max emission intensity was between 0.04 and 0.06.
Training and academic demands are associated with sleep quality in high‐performance “dual career” student swimmers
Authors: Astridge Daniel , Sommerville Andrew , Verheul Martine , Turner Anthony P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDual career collegiate athletes, who combine sporting endeavours with academic studies, are commonplace in high‐performance sport. Sleep is an important aspect of physical and psychological recovery for athletes, plays a role in memory and learning and is associated with academic achievement. The aim of this study was to assess variations in sleep characteristics of collegiate swimmers to understand the incidence of poor sleep, and which stressors might contribute towards this. A total of 22 (male n = 13, female n = 9) high‐performance student swimmers (mean ± SD; age 20 ± 2 years) participated in this study. Sleep/wake behaviour was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index each month over a 12‐month period. Additionally, academic and sporting commitments were quantified on a monthly basis and summarised as 4 stressors: average weekly training hours, total number of competitive races, total number of academic assessments, and average weekly learning hours. On average across the 12‐month period, 41.7% of athletes reported poor sleep. The latest bedtimes, wake times and longest sleep durations were found in the months where academic and training demands were lowest. A statistically significant positive association was identified between median sleep quality scores and mean number of academic assessments (ρ (12) = 0.71, p=0.005). Hierarchal linear modelling analysis determined that number of academic assessments best predicted sleep quality within this cohort. The present study highlights the need for those working with athletes who have competing academic demands to consider sleep quality, and its potential impact on performance and wellbeing.
The development and convergence of co-pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Robinson John L , Richardson Hayley , Xie Sharon X , Suh EunRan , Van Deerlin Vivianna M , Alfaro Brian , Loh Nicholas , Porras-Paniagua Matias , Nirschl Jeffrey J , Wolk David , Lee Virginia M -Y , Lee Edward B , Trojanowski John Q 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC) and Lewy bodies occur in the absence of clinical and neuropathological Alzheimer’s disease, but their prevalence and severity dramatically increase in Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate how plaques, tangles, age and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) interact with co-pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease, we analysed 522 participants ≥50 years of age with and without dementia from the Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR) autopsy program and 1340 participants in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Consensus criteria were applied for Alzheimer’s disease using amyloid phase and Braak stage. Co-pathology was staged for CAA (neocortical, allocortical, and subcortical), LATE-NC (amygdala, hippocampal, and cortical), and Lewy bodies (brainstem, limbic, neocortical, and amygdala predominant). APOE genotype was determined for all CNDR participants. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to quantify the effect of independent variables on the odds of having a higher stage after checking the proportional odds assumption. We found that without dementia, increasing age associated with all pathologies including CAA (odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.38–1.94, P &lt; 0.01), LATE-NC (1.48, 1.16–1.88, P &lt; 0.01), and Lewy bodies (1.45, 1.15–1.83, P &lt; 0.01), but APOE ε4 only associated with CAA (4.80, 2.16–10.68, P &lt; 0.01). With dementia, increasing age associated with LATE-NC (1.30, 1.15–1.46, P &lt; 0.01), while Lewy bodies associated with younger ages (0.90, 0.81–1.00, P = 0.04), and APOE ε4 only associated with CAA (2.36, 1.52–3.65, P &lt; 0.01). A longer disease course only associated with LATE-NC (1.06, 1.01–1.11, P = 0.01). Dementia in the NACC cohort associated with the second and third stages of CAA (2.23, 1.50–3.30, P &lt; 0.01), LATE-NC (5.24, 3.11–8.83, P &lt; 0.01), and Lewy bodies (2.41, 1.51–3.84, P &lt; 0.01). Pathologically, increased Braak stage associated with CAA (5.07, 2.77–9.28, P &lt; 0.01), LATE-NC (5.54, 2.33–13.15, P &lt; 0.01), and Lewy bodies (4.76, 2.07–10.95, P &lt; 0.01). Increased amyloid phase associated with CAA (2.27, 1.07–4.80, P = 0.03) and Lewy bodies (6.09, 1.66–22.33, P = 0.01). In summary, we describe widespread distributions of CAA, LATE-NC and Lewy bodies that progressively accumulate alongside plaques and tangles in Alzheimer’s disease dementia. CAA interacted with plaques and tangles especially in APOE ε4 positive individuals; LATE-NC associated with tangles later in the disease course; most Lewy bodies associated with moderate to severe plaques and tangles.
Performance analysis of a novel integrated photovoltaic–thermal system by top-surface forced circulation of water
Authors: Arefin Md Arman , Islam Mohammad Towhidul , Zunaed Mohammad , Mostakim Khodadad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Almost 80–90% of energy is wasted as heat (provides no value) in a photovoltaic (PV) panel. An integrated photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) system can utilize this energy and produce electricity simultaneously. In this research, through energy and exergy analysis, a novel design and methodology of a PVT system are studied and validated. Unlike the common methods, here the collector is located outside the PV panel and connected with pipes. Water passes over the top of the panel and then is forced to the collector by a pump. The effects of different water-mass flow rates on the PV panel and collector, individual and overall efficiency, mass loss, exergetic efficiency are examined experimentally. Results show that the overall efficiency of the system is around five times higher than the individual PV-panel efficiency. The forced circulation of water dropped the panel temperature and increased the panel efficiency by 0.8–1% and exergy by 0.6–1%, where the overall energy efficiency was ~81%.
Simultaneous Determination of Five Organotins in Tropical Fruits Using Modified QuEChERS Combined with Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Qian Bing , He Yan , Zhao Jing , Peng LiXu , Han BingJun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A sensitive, confirmatory ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry based on modified QuEChERS was developed and validated to detect five organotin compounds (tributyltin chloride (TBT), triphenyltin chloride (TPT), trimethyltin chloride (TMT), azocyclotin and cyhexatin) in classical tropical fruits (mango, pineapple and banana). Fruits samples were ultrasonically extracted with methanol and subsequently purified by graphitized carbon black adsorbents. Five organotins were separated on a C18 column with the mobile phase of a mixture of methanol and 0.1% (v/v) aqueous formic acid, and detected by MS/MS under multiple reaction monitoring mode. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection (LOD), recovery and precision. Results were linear in their corresponding concentration ranges, with coefficients of determination (r) bigger than 0.999. The average LODs (S/N = 3) of the method for TBT, TPT, TMT, azocyclotin and cyhexatin were 1.3, 3.5, 3.2, 5.1 and 1.7 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries (n = 5) at three spiked levels (0.01, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) ranged from 69 to 103% with relative standard deviations of 2.1–11.9%. The method is simple, effective, accurate and non-derivatized, and meets the routine monitoring requirements for trace organotins in tropical fruits.
Focality and Asymmetry in Multi-Battle Contests
Authors: Chowdhury Subhasish M , Kovenock Dan , Rojo Arjona David , Wilcox Nathaniel T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article examines the influence of focality in Colonel Blotto games with a lottery contest success function (CSF), where the equilibrium is unique and in pure strategies. We hypothesise that the salience of battlefields affects strategic behaviour (the salient target hypothesis) and present a controlled test of this hypothesis against Nash predictions, checking the robustness of equilibrium play. When the sources of salience come from asymmetries in battlefield values or labels (as in Schelling, 1960), subjects over-allocate the resource to the salient battlefields relative to the Nash prediction. However, the effect is stronger with salient values. In the absence of salience, we find support for the Nash prediction.
Formation mechanism of isoprene compounds degraded from carotenoids during fermentation of goji wine
Authors: Geng Jiayu , Zhao Lu , Zhang Huiling 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Fermented goji wine as a functional wine is made from yeast fermentation. To our knowledge, fermented goji wine still has a problem with insufficient characteristic aroma. Research has shown that some isoprene compounds with characteristic aromas may improve the aroma of goji wine. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of isoprene compound production by carotenoid degradation during the fermentation of goji wine. It was found that C1–C6, C5–C6, C6–C7, C7–C8, C8–C9 and C9–C10 were the most easily degraded sites in carotenoids under seven different pretreatment conditions (mechanical treatment, pectinase treatment, adjustment of pH, autoclave treatment, SO2 treatment, oxidation treatment and light treatment). Meanwhile, breaking different sites, different aroma contributions such as woody, rose, fruity and grassy aromas were found. Single-factor simulation experiments of goji wine during the fermentation showed that the metabolites in the fermentation process caused the degradation of carotenoids and most were volatile aroma compounds. These results may help improve the brewing process to enhance the aroma of goji wine.
Regulation of ST6GAL1 sialyltransferase expression in cancer cells
Authors: Dorsett Kaitlyn A , Marciel Michael P , Hwang Jihye , Ankenbauer Katherine E , Bhalerao Nikita , Bellis Susan L 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe ST6GAL1 sialyltransferase, which adds α2–6 linked sialic acids to N-glycosylated proteins, is overexpressed in a wide range of human malignancies. Recent studies have established the importance of ST6GAL1 in promoting tumor cell behaviors such as invasion, resistance to cell stress and chemoresistance. Furthermore, ST6GAL1 activity has been implicated in imparting cancer stem cell characteristics. However, despite the burgeoning interest in the role of ST6GAL1 in the phenotypic features of tumor cells, insufficient attention has been paid to the molecular mechanisms responsible for ST6GAL1 upregulation during neoplastic transformation. Evidence suggests that these mechanisms are multifactorial, encompassing genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranslational regulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the molecular events that drive enriched ST6GAL1 expression in cancer cells.
Autozygosity mapping and time-to-spontaneous delivery in Norwegian parent-offspring trios
Authors: Sole-Navais Pol , Bacelis Jonas , Helgeland Øyvind , Modzelewska Dominika , Vaudel Marc , Flatley Christopher , Andreassen Ole , Njølstad Pål R , Muglia Louis J , Johansson Stefan , Zhang Ge , Jacobsson Bo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Parental genetic relatedness may lead to adverse health and fitness outcomes in the offspring. However, the degree to which it affects human delivery timing is unknown. We use genotype data from ≃25 000 parent-offspring trios from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study to optimize runs of homozygosity (ROH) calling by maximizing the correlation between parental genetic relatedness and offspring ROHs. We then estimate the effect of maternal, paternal and fetal autozygosity and that of autozygosity mapping (common segments and gene burden test) on the timing of spontaneous onset of delivery. The correlation between offspring ROH using a variety of parameters and parental genetic relatedness ranged between −0.2 and 0.6, revealing the importance of the minimum number of genetic variants included in an ROH and the use of genetic distance. The optimized compared to predefined parameters showed a ≃45% higher correlation between parental genetic relatedness and offspring ROH. We found no evidence of an effect of maternal, paternal nor fetal overall autozygosity on spontaneous delivery timing. Yet, through autozygosity mapping, we identified three maternal loci TBC1D1, SIGLECs and EDN1 gene regions reducing the median time-to-spontaneous onset of delivery by ≃2–5% (P-value &lt; 2.3 × 10−6). We also found suggestive evidence of a fetal locus at 3q22.2, near the RYK gene region (P-value = 2.0 × 10−6). Autozygosity mapping may provide new insights on the genetic determinants of delivery timing beyond traditional genome-wide association studies, but particular and rigorous attention should be given to ROH calling parameter selection.
Resveratrol Adjunct Therapy for Negative Symptoms in Patients With Stable Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Samaei Areoo , Moradi Kamyar , Bagheri Sayna , Ashraf-Ganjouei Amir , Alikhani Rosa , Mousavi Seiedeh Bentolhoda , Rezaei Farzin , Akhondzadeh Shahin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Patients with schizophrenia can generally manifest a broad variety of primary negative symptoms. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of resveratrol add-on therapy in the treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia.

Methods
In a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled setting, schizophrenia patients were assigned to receive either 200 mg/d resveratrol or matched placebo in addition to a stable dose of risperidone for 8 weeks. Patients were assessed using the positive and negative syndrome scale, the extrapyramidal symptom rating scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale over the trial period. The primary outcome was considered as the change in positive and negative subscale score from baseline to week 8 between the treatment arms.

Results
A total 52 patients completed the trial (26 in each arm). Baseline characteristics of both groups were statistically similar (P  &gt; .05). Despite the statistically similar behavior of positive symptoms between the groups across time (Greenhouse-Geisser corrected: F = 1.76, df = 1.88, P = .180), the resveratrol group demonstrated greater improvement in negative, general psychopathology, and total scores (Greenhouse-Geisser corrected: F = 12.25, df = 2.04, P &lt; .001; F = 5.42, df = 1.56, P = .011; F = 7.64, df = 1.48, P = .003). HDRS scores and its changes, ESRS score, and frequency of other complications were not significantly different between resveratrol and placebo groups.

Conclusion
Adding resveratrol to risperidone can exhibit remarkable efficacy and safety in terms of management of schizophrenia-related negative symptoms.
Transkingdom Interactions Important for the Pathogenesis of Human Viruses
Authors: Nishimoto Andrew , Wohlgemuth Nicholas , Rosch Jason , Schultz-Cherry Stacey , Cortez Valerie , Rowe Hannah M 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe bacterial, fungal, and helminthic species that comprise the microbiome of the mammalian host have profound effects on health and disease. Pathogenic viruses must contend with the microbiome during infection and likely have evolved to exploit or evade the microbiome. Both direct interactions between the virions and the microbiota and immunomodulation and tissue remodeling caused by the microbiome alter viral pathogenesis in either host- or virus-beneficial ways. Recent insights from in vitro and murine models of viral pathogenesis have highlighted synergistic and antagonistic, direct and indirect interactions between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses. This review will focus on the transkingdom interactions between human gastrointestinal and respiratory viruses and the constituent microbiome of those tissues.