bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric Analysis of Mental Foramen in Dry Human Mandibles in Karnataka
Authors: S. Shashidhar , S. Sridevi N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and Objectives The mental foramen which is located on the anterior surface of the mandible is a bilateral opening transmitting mental nerves and vessels that supply important structures around. However, it is reported that the location of mental foramen varies across different races and genders, the awareness of which is vital in surgical interventions, anesthetic applications, and various other invasive procedures. Hence, the objectives of the present study were to study the location, size, and shape of mental foramina in dry human mandibles and to study the incidence of accessory mental foramina in human mandibles.
Materials and Methods One hundred eighty dried mandibles were observed for the location, size, and shape of mental foramen. Digital Vernier calipers were used to measure the distance of right and left mental foramen from various locations like alveolar crest, symphysis menti, lower border of mandible, and posterior border of the ramus of mandible. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. The position and number of accessory mental foramen were determined.
Results  The various positions of mental foramina studied revealed the most common type to be type IV as per the Tebo and Telford classification. The average horizontal diameter was slightly higher than the average vertical diameter in majority of the bones. Accessory mental foramina were observed in 3 mandibles.
Conclusion The mental foramen was most commonly situated along the longitudinal axis of second premolar tooth and the shape of the mental foramen was found to be oval in 95% of the bones studied.
Combined Microsurgery and Radiotherapy for Multiple Spinal Cord Hemangioblastomas with Holocord Syrinx in von Hippel-Lindau Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Knoop Nicolas , Seidel Clemens , Frydrychowicz Clara , Meixensberger Jürgen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSpinal and cerebellar hemangioblastomas are common in von Hippel-Lindau disease (vHLD) and usually treated surgically. Multifocal presence and surgically not amenable locations are issues that require a combined microsurgical and radiosurgical approach to control complex cases.We would like to present the case of a 37-year-old male patient who was diagnosed vHLD with multiple spinal and one infratentorial hemangioblastomas and holocord syrinx formation of the whole spinal cord. Combined microsurgical approaches to two spinal lesions and the cerebellar lesion followed by external beam radiotherapy of the posterior fossa and the whole spinal axis stabilized tumor growth of the asymptomatic lesions, while no recurrent tumors were detected at the site of surgery. A clinical deterioration connected to early postoperative deficits stabilized to a moderate gait ataxia. The follow-up after radiotherapy covered 60 months.A combination of microsurgery and radiosurgery for the surgically not amenable lesions is an adequate treatment regimen to stabilize tumor growth and clinical symptoms of multifocal spinal hemangioblastomas in vHLD, though the therapy should be limited to symptomatic or growing lesions.
All-Arthroscopic McLaughlin's Procedure in Patients with Reverse Hill–Sachs Lesion Caused by Locked Posterior Shoulder Dislocation
Authors: Brilakis Emmanouil , Malahias Michael-Alexander , Patramani Maria , Avramidis Grigoris , Gerogiannis Dimitrios , Trellopoulos Angelos , Antonogiannakis Emmanouil 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the clinical and functional outcomes of the all-arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure in a clinical series of patients suffering by neglected locked posterior shoulder dislocation.
Methods A retrospective clinical study based on prospectively collected data was conducted in a single center regarding 10 patients with neglected locked posterior shoulder dislocation and concomitant reverse Hill–Sachs lesion, who were treated with the all-arthroscopic Mclaughlin procedure. The average humeral bone defect was 39 ± 7% according to the preoperative computed tomography evaluation. The mean time of follow-up was 77 ± 16 months (range, 63–104 months).
Results No patient had suffered a new dislocation, whereas all of them were satisfied with the surgical outcome and returned to their previous activities of daily living. External rotation was restored to every patient studied from 0 degrees at the baseline. At the last follow-up, the median external rotation beside the body was 90 degrees (range, 50–90 degrees; p < 0.01) and the respective measurement at 90 degrees of abduction was 90 degrees (range, 80–90 degrees; p < 0.01). The active forward flexion was increased (p < 0.01), from 60 degrees (range, 30–180 degrees) at the baseline to 180 degrees (range, 160–180 degrees) at the last follow-up and the internal rotation was gained (p < 0.01) from the level of buttock (range, lateral thigh–T12) at the baseline to the T11 level (range, T7–L3) at the last follow-up. The median UCLA score was increased from 8 (range, 4–22) to 35 (range, 33–35; p < 0.01) and the Oxford instability score from 5 (range, 3–16) to 46 (range, 43–48; p < 0.01), respectively.
Conclusion The arthroscopic McLaughlin procedure in substantial reverse Hills–Sachs lesion caused by locked posterior dislocation leads to excellent clinical and functional results in the long-term follow-up.
Level of Evidence This is a therapeutic study, case series with no comparison group, Level IV.
Selective Embolization Is Safe and Effective for Total Knee Arthroplasty-Associated Recurrent Hemarthroses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sundaram Kavin , Arnold Nicholas R. , Mont Michael A. , Sodhi Nipun , Warren Jared , Kamath Atul F. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA)-associated hemarthroses are infrequent and often respond to nonoperative therapy. Geniculate artery embolization may provide symptomatic relief in cases recalcitrant to needle aspiration, although no meta-analysis exists regarding this therapy. This meta-analysis aims to assess the rate of symptom relief, the number of embolizations needed to achieve relief, and the rate of complications associated with embolization. Public databases were queried from 1998 until 2018 for TKA-associated recurrent hemarthroses treated with embolization. Eight studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Major complications were defined as those requiring readmission or nonelective reoperation; minor complications were defined as those not requiring readmission or reoperation. Pooled statistics were calculated utilizing the method of inverse variance. Fifty-nine patients with a mean follow-up of 30 months (range, 1–50 months) were evaluated. The pooled proportion of patients with symptom improvement following embolization was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 74–93%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.97). The average number of embolization procedures was 1.30 (95% CI: 1.03–1.63, I
2: 0%, p = 0.66). The pooled proportion of patients who required a second embolization procedure was 26% (95% CI: 15–40%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.43), while those requiring three or more procedures was 13% (95% CI: 6–25%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.87). The rate of complications were as follows: any complication – 19% (95% CI: 11–32%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.81); major complications–8% (95% CI: 3–19%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.96); minor complications–18% (95% CI: 10–31%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.79); inguinal hematoma–9% (95% CI: 4–19%, I
2: 0%, p = 1.00); skin necrosis–15% (95% CI: 7–29%, I
2: 0%, p = 0.62); and incision breakdown–7% (95% CI: 3–17%, I
2: 0%, p = 1.00). Previous literature on selective artery embolization following TKA is relatively limited. This meta-analysis supports embolization as a potentially safe and effective treatment for recurrent hemarthroses after TKA. Other correctable causes of recurrent hemarthrosis, such as instability or malalignment, must be diligently ruled out prior to utilizing embolization. Surgeons should be aware of embolization's potential role in the postoperative period following TKA.
Why Women Might Choose a Career in Pediatric Surgery and Ensuring There Are No Impediments to Selecting the Best
Authors: McGregor Angela Dawn , Beasley Spencer , Williman Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Although pediatric surgery in Australasia has a higher proportion of women than any other surgical specialty, women remain underrepresented. There is concern that residual impediments may still deter women from choosing this specialty as a career option.
Materials and Methods A survey of years 2 to 6 medical students, with focused analysis on those who selected pediatric surgery as their most (or least) attractive surgical specialty and the characteristics they deemed important when considering a surgical career.
Results The survey was completed by 357 students of whom 50 selected pediatric surgery as their most attractive surgical specialty and 12 as their least attractive surgical specialty, at equal gender rates. The specialty was not perceived as being prestigious, well paid, or one that emphasized technical skill but was perceived as having good work-life balance, when compared with the other surgical specialties. Those who selected pediatric surgery as their most attractive specialty were otherwise less likely to choose a career in surgery.
Conclusion Pediatric surgery is perceived as being less aligned to characteristics stereotypically associated with males and more with those characteristics associated with females. Overall, it seems to be more female friendly than other surgical specialties. It would behove the pediatric surgical community to better understand how it is perceived, so that perceptions can be aligned to reality and gender diversity can be increased.
Indications, Surgical Complications, and Long-Term Outcomes in Pediatric Esophageal Reconstructions with Pedicled Jejunal Interposition Graft
Authors: Koivusalo Antti , Suominen Janne , Salminen Jukka , Pakarinen Mikko 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Several surgical techniques are available for pediatric esophageal reconstruction. We started to use pedicled jejunum interposition graft (PJIG) because other techniques had significant long-term complications. In this retrospective study, the indications, surgical complications, and long-term outcomes were assessed in patients with PJIG.
Materials and Methods With ethical consent, we reviewed the hospital records of 14 patients (7 females) who from 2005 to 2019 underwent a total of 16 esophageal reconstructions with PJIG.
Results Median age at PJIG was 1.6 (range: 0.2–15) years. Underlying conditions were esophageal atresia (EA) (n = 11) or native esophagus lost by trauma or infection (n = 3). Eight patients with EA underwent PJIG as primary reconstruction and three as a rescue operation after complications in primary repair. Significant surgical complications occurred in 43% of patients. Major reoperations in six (43%) patients included resection and reanastomosis of strictured proximal PJIG (n = 1) and redo PJIG after failure of the first operation (n = 2). Surgical mortality was nil. After a median follow-up of 6.5 (range: 0.7–14) years, 13 (93%) patients survived, and 1 died of congenital heart disease. PJIG failed in three (23%) survivors of whom two underwent graft removal because of life-threatening aspiration and one did not start oral feeds at all. Ten survivors (77%) have full enteral feeds. Respiratory function in the survivors is satisfactory. Two patients have moderate and three mild gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.
Conclusion PJIG was a functional option for a variety of conditions that required esophageal reconstruction. However, significant early and late complications required major surgical revisions.
Reducing Alert Burden in Electronic Health Records: State of the Art Recommendations from Four Health Systems
Authors: McGreevey John D. , Mallozzi Colleen P. , Perkins Randa M. , Shelov Eric , Schreiber Richard 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Electronic health record (EHR) alert fatigue, while widely recognized as a concern nationally, lacks a corresponding comprehensive mitigation plan.
Objectives The goal of this manuscript is to provide practical guidance to clinical informaticists and other health care leaders who are considering creating a program to manage EHR alerts.
Methods This manuscript synthesizes several approaches and recommendations for better alert management derived from four U.S. health care institutions that presented their experiences and recommendations at the American Medical Informatics Association 2019 Clinical Informatics Conference in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The assembled health care institution leaders represent academic, pediatric, community, and specialized care domains. We describe governance and management, structural concepts and components, and human–computer interactions with alerts, and make recommendations regarding these domains based on our experience supplemented with literature review. This paper focuses on alerts that impact bedside clinicians.
Results The manuscript addresses the range of considerations relevant to alert management including a summary of the background literature about alerts, alert governance, alert metrics, starting an alert management program, approaches to evaluating alerts prior to deployment, and optimization of existing alerts. The manuscript includes examples of alert optimization successes at two of the represented institutions. In addition, we review limitations on the ability to evaluate alerts in the current state and identify opportunities for further scholarship.
Conclusion Ultimately, alert management programs must strive to meet common goals of improving patient care, while at the same time decreasing the alert burden on clinicians. In so doing, organizations have an opportunity to promote the wellness of patients, clinicians, and EHRs themselves.
Kangaroo Mother Care Reduces Noninvasive Ventilation and Total Oxygen Support Duration in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Xie Xiaohua , Chen Xueyu , Sun Panpan , Cao Aifen , Zhuang Yanzhu , Xiong Xiaoyun , Yang Chuanzhong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Evidence on the safety and influence of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) on ventilation is lacking.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study performed in 145 ELBWIs on noninvasive mechanical ventilation from a tertiary center.
Results The duration of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation was significantly shorter in infants with KMC compared with infants without (21 vs. 13.5 days, p = 0.001 and 29.5 days vs. 20.5 days, p = 0.001, respectively). The frequency of apnea during hospital stay was fewer in KMC infants, compared with no KMC (23 vs. 20 times, p = 0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that KMC was an independent protective factor for shortening nIPPV/CPAP duration (β = −9.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−13.20, −6.60], p < 0.001), total supplemental oxygen support (β = −10.52, 95% CI [−16.73, −4.30], p = 0.001), and reducing times of apneas (β = −5.88, 95% CI [−8.56, −3.21], p < 0.001).
Conclusion KMC benefits ELBWIs by shortening nIPPV/CPAP ventilation duration and total supplemental oxygen support, and reducing the frequency of apneas.
Computational annotation of miRNA transcription start sites
Authors: Wang Saidi , Talukder Amlan , Cha Mingyu , Li Xiaoman , Hu Haiyan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Motivation
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in gene regulation and phenotype development. The identification of miRNA transcription start sites (TSSs) is critical to understand the functional roles of miRNA genes and their transcriptional regulation. Unlike protein-coding genes, miRNA TSSs are not directly detectable from conventional RNA-Seq experiments due to miRNA-specific process of biogenesis. In the past decade, large-scale genome-wide TSS-Seq and transcription activation marker profiling data have become available, based on which, many computational methods have been developed. These methods have greatly advanced genome-wide miRNA TSS annotation.

Results
In this study, we summarized recent computational methods and their results on miRNA TSS annotation. We collected and performed a comparative analysis of miRNA TSS annotations from 14 representative studies. We further compiled a robust set of miRNA TSSs (RSmirT) that are supported by multiple studies. Integrative genomic and epigenomic data analysis on RSmirT revealed the genomic and epigenomic features of miRNA TSSs as well as their relations to protein-coding and long non-coding genes.

Contact
xiaoman@mail.ucf.edu, haihu@cs.ucf.edu
Phylogeographical structure of the pygmy shrew: revisiting the roles of southern and northern refugia in Europe
Authors: Vega Rodrigo , McDevitt Allan D , Stojak Joanna , Mishta Alina , Wójcik Jan M , Kryštufek Boris , Searle Jeremy B 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSouthern and northern glacial refugia are considered paradigms that explain the complex phylogeographical patterns and processes of European biota. Here, we provide a revisited statistical phylogeographical analysis of the pygmy shrew Sorex minutus Linnaeus, 1766 (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae), examining its genetic diversity, genetic differentiation and demographic history in the Mediterranean peninsulas and in Western and Central Europe. The results showed support for genetically distinct and diverse phylogeographical groups consistent with southern and northern glacial refugia, as expected from previous studies. We also identified geographical barriers concordant with glaciated mountain ranges during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), early diversification events dated between the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene for the main phylogeographical groups, and recent (post-LGM) patterns of demographic expansions. This study is the most comprehensive investigation of this species to date, and the results have implications for the conservation of intraspecific diversity and the preservation of the evolutionary potential of S. minutus.
Feather mercury increases with feeding at higher trophic levels in two species of migrant raptors, Merlin (Falco columbarius) and Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus)
Authors: Keyel Edward R , Etterson Matthew A , Niemi Gerald J , Evers David C , DeSorbo Christopher R , Hoffman Joel C , Nichols John W , Li Yang , Nicoletti Frank 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMercury (Hg) is a toxic heavy metal that, when methylated to form methylmercury (MeHg), bioaccumulates in exposed animals and biomagnifies through food webs. The purpose of this study was to assess Hg concentrations in raptors migrating through the upper midwestern USA. From 2009 to 2012, 966 raptors of 11 species were captured at Hawk Ridge, Duluth, Minnesota, USA. Breast feathers were sampled to determine the concentration of total Hg. Mean Hg concentrations ranged from 0.11 to 3.46 μg g−1 fresh weight across species and were generally higher in raptors that feed on birds in comparison with those that feed on mammals. To evaluate the effect of dietary sources on Hg biomagnification, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were measured in feathers of the 2 species with the highest Hg concentrations, Merlin (Falco columbarius) and Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus). Measured δ 13C values were similar in both species and indicated a primarily terrestrial-derived diet, whereas δ 15N values suggested that individual Merlin and Sharp-shinned Hawk feeding at higher trophic levels accumulated higher concentrations of Hg. The risk to birds associated with measured levels of feather Hg was evaluated by calculating blood-equivalent values using an established algorithm. Predicted blood values were then compared to heuristic risk categories synthesized across avian orders. This analysis suggested that while some Merlin and Sharp-shinned Hawk were at moderate risk to adverse effects of MeHg, most of the sampled birds were at negligible or low risk.
Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia with myocardial non-compaction: a case report
Authors: Skidan Viktoria I , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Pavlyukova Elena N , Nartsissova Galina P 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia (ILVAH) is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality, which might result in severe symptomatic heart failure (HF) with pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), or malignant ventricular tachycardia in adults.

Case summary
A 32-years-old man presented with exertional dyspnoea New York Heart Association Class II and persistent AF. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance showed the presence of (i) spherical remodelling of the left ventricle (LV) with impaired contractile function (three-dimensional ejection fraction, EF 32%); (ii) substitution of apical myocardium by fatty tissue; (iii) abnormal origin of a papillary muscle network; and (iv) an elongated right ventricle, compatible with ILVAH. In addition, non-compacted endomyocardial layer of the LV was observed. Because of a high risk of sudden cardiac death in symptomatic HF patients with reduced EF, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was placed which followed by pulmonary vein isolation. After the procedures and restoration of sinus rhythm, the patient demonstrated improvement in HF symptoms and exercise tolerance. This was accompanied by an enhancement of left and right ventricular systolic function by echocardiography. At 6-month, 1, and 2-year follow-up the clinical conditions of the patient and echocardiographic findings remained stable.

Discussion
A rare combination of ILVAH and left ventricular myocardium non-compaction was observed in this young adult who presented with symptomatic HF and persistent AF. The use of consecutive invasive cardiac procedures leads to restoration of sinus rhythm, the improvement of myocardial contractility and clinical manifestation of HF.