bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of religiosity and spiritual well‐being with appearance concerns after head and neck cancer surgery
Authors: Reis Liliane B. M. , Leles Cláudio R. , Freire Maria C. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether religiosity and spiritual well‐being are associated with appearance concerns among people with visible sequelae due to cancer surgery in the head and neck region.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried in 202 adult patients in a referral hospital for cancer treatment in Midwest Brazil. Data on sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical aspects and cancer‐related behaviours were collected through interviews, clinical examination and medical records. The outcome was the patients' appearance concerns (Derriford Appearance Scale—DAS24). The independent explanatory variables were religiosity (Duke University Religiousness Index—DUREL) and spiritual well‐being (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being Scale—FACIT‐Sp12). Data were analysed using Pearson's chi‐square and Poisson regression.ResultsMost of the participants were male (76.2%), and mean age was 58.6 years (SD = 11.6). The scores of appearance concerns (DAS24) ranged from 21 to 75 (median = 33.0). In the bivariate analysis, appearance concerns were associated with spiritual well‐being (FACIT‐Sp12), degree of disfigurement and treatment with radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Religiosity (DUREL) was not associated with the outcome. In the adjusted regression model, a lower prevalence of appearance concerns was found among patients with higher levels of spiritual well‐being (PR = 0.86; CI = 0.79‐0.94), males (PR = 0.87; CI = 0.79‐0.95), those with lower degrees of disfigurement (PR = 0.89; CI = 0.82‐0.98) and those who had no treatment with radiotherapy/chemotherapy (PR = 0.83; CI = 0.72‐0.94).ConclusionHigh spiritual well‐being was independently associated with lower levels of appearance concerns in people with visible sequelae due to cancer surgery in the head and neck region. Understanding the role of this psychosocial determinant may help in the coping process.
Quality of life in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Zhao Na , Yang Yuan , Zhang Ling , Zhang Qinge , Balbuena Lloyd , Ungvari Gabor S. , Zang Yu‐Feng , Xiang Yu‐Tao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies regarding the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on quality of life (QOL) have reported conflicting results, and the underlying QOL domains require further study. In order to understand the association between PD and QOL, we conducted this meta‐analysis to systematically compare QOL between PD patients and healthy controls.MethodThe PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Data were analyzed using the random‐effects model.ResultsTwenty studies covering 2707 PD patients and 150,661 healthy controls were included in the study. Compared with healthy controls, PD patients had significantly poorer QOL overall and in most domains with moderate to large effects sizes. Different QOL measures varied in their association with quality of life, with the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire‐39 (PDQ‐39) having the largest effect size (standard mean difference, SMD = −1.384, 95% CI: −1.607, −1.162, Z = 12.189, P < 0.001), followed by the Europe Quality of Life Questionnaire‐visual analogue scale (EQ‐VAS) (SMD = −1.081, 95% CI: −1.578, −0.584, Z = −4.265, P < 0.001), Europe Quality of Life Questionnaire‐5D (EQ‐5D) (SMD = −0.889, 95% CI: −1.181, −0.596, Z = −5.962, P < 0.001), and the Short‐form Health Survey (SF) scales (physical dimension: SMD = −0.826, 95% CI: −1.529, −0.123, Z = −2.303, P = 0.021; mental dimension: SMD = −0.376, 95% CI: −0.732, −0.019, Z = −2.064, P = 0.039).ConclusionPD patients had lower QOL compared with healthy controls in most domains, especially in physical function and mental health. Considering the negative impact of poor QOL on daily life and functional outcomes, effective measures should be developed to improve QOL in this population.
Increases in multimorbidity with weight class in the United States
Authors: Madlock‐Brown Charisse R. , Reynolds Rebecca B. , Bailey James E. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryLittle is known regarding how multimorbidity combinations associated with obesity change with increase in body weight. This study employed data from the national Cerner HealthFacts Data Warehouse to identify changes in multimorbidity patterns by weight class using network analysis. Networks were generated for 154 528 middle‐aged patients in the following categories: normal weight, overweight, and classes 1, 2, and 3 obesity. The results show significant differences (P‐value<0.05) in prevalence by weight class for all but three of 82 diseases considered. The percentage of patients with multimorbidity (excluding obesity) increases from in 55.1% in patients with normal weight, to 57.88% with overweight, 70.39% with Class 1 obesity, 73.99% with Class 2 obesity, and 71.68% in Class 3 obesity, increasing most substantially with the progression from overweight to class 1 obesity. Most prevalent disease clusters expand from only hypertension and dorsalgia in normal weight, to add joint disorders in overweight, lipidemias in class 1 obesity, diabetes in class 2 obesity, and sleep disorders and chronic kidney disease in class 3 obesity. Recognition of multimorbidity patterns associated with weight increase is essential for true precision care of obesity‐associated chronic conditions and can help clinicians identify and address preclinical disease before additional complications arise.
Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen auf nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika (NSAID) – eine retrospektive Studie
Authors: Angeletti Flavia , Meier Franziska , Zöller Nadja , Meissner Markus , Kaufmann Roland , Valesky Eva Maria 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundUnsere Studie zielte darauf ab, die Validität von klinischer Anamnese und oraler Provokation bei Patienten mit Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen auf nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika (NSAID, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs) zu überprüfen und sichere Alternativen zu identifizieren. Insbesondere wurde dabei der COX‐2‐Inhibitor Etoricoxib mit untersucht.Patienten und MethodenInsgesamt wurden in diese retrospektive Studie 104 Patientinnen und Patienten mit bestätigter Überempfindlichkeit auf NSAID einbezogen. Sie wurden in den Jahren 2004 bis 2012 in der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt behandelt.ErgebnisseDie Angaben aus der Anamnese und die im oralen Provokationstest (OPT) aufgetretenen Symptome stimmten weitgehend überein und waren meist leicht bis mäßig ausgeprägt. Der häufigste Auslöser für Symptome war Acetylsalicylsäure (ASS), und zwar sowohl anamnestisch (27,9 %) als auch im OPT (47,8 %). Etoricoxib löste im OPT die wenigsten Reaktionen aus (4,2 %). Paracetamol führte nur in 6,7 % der untersuchten Fälle zu OPT‐Reaktionen, obwohl es anamnestisch öfter genannt wurde (14 %).SchlussfolgerungenWann immer möglich, sollte ein OPT durchgeführt werden, da die zu erwartenden Symptome meist nur leicht bis mäßig auftreten. Zur Unterscheidung zwischen selektiven und kreuzreaktiven Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen sollte ASS immer Teil des Testprotokolls sein. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie deuten auch darauf hin, dass Etoricoxib und Paracetamol bei einer Überempfindlichkeit auf NSAID als sichere Alternativen in Frage kommen. Allerdings sollten auch diese Medikamente nicht eingesetzt werden, ohne dass vorher ein OPT unter stationären Bedingungen durchgeführt wurde, denn schwere Symptome sind möglich.
Skleromyxödem
Authors: Hoffmann Jochen H. O. , Enk Alexander H. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Skleromyxödem ist eine seltene Ablagerungsdermatose aus der Gruppe der Muzinosen, die verschiedene Organe befallen kann und fast regelhaft mit einer monoklonalen Gammopathie assoziiert ist. An der Haut bestehen typischerweise generalisierte, 2 bis 3 mm große, halbkugelige oder flache, wachsartige, leicht rötliche bis hautfarbene, dichtstehende Papeln und sklerodermiforme Indurationen. In abnehmender Häufigkeit können eine Beteiligung des Nervensystems, rheumatologische Begleiterkrankungen, eine Beteiligung des kardiovaskulären Systems, eine gastrointestinale Beteiligung, eine Beteiligung des Atmungstraktes, eine Nierenbeteiligung und eine Augenbeteiligung auftreten. Eine gefürchtete neurologische Komplikation ist das dermato‐neurologische Syndrom, ein fieberhaftes Krankheitsbild mit Grippe‐artigen Prodromi, das mit epileptischen Anfällen und Koma einhergehen und letal enden kann. Unbehandelt nimmt das Skleromyxödem einen unvorhersehbaren, üblicherweise aber über viele Jahre progredienten, potenziell letalen Verlauf. Einer gängigen Klassifikation nach Rongioletti folgend werden für die Diagnose „Skleromyxödem“ (1) generalisierte papulöse und sklerodermiforme Effloreszenzen, (2) die histologische Trias von Muzinablagerungen, Fibroblastenproliferation und Fibrose, (3) monoklonale Gammopathie und (4) das Fehlen einer Schilddrüsenerkrankung gefordert. Abweichend wurde auch ein interstitielles Granuloma‐annulare‐artiges histologisches Bild beschrieben. Die Pathogenese des Skleromyxödems ist unklar. Diskutiert wird eine Rolle verschiedener Serumfaktoren. Der Beweis einer kausalen Beziehung der Krankheitsmanifestationen zur Paraproteinämie fehlt. Hochdosierte intravenöse Immunglobuline (IVIg) sind die leitliniengerechte Erstlinientherapie des Skleromyxödems.
Role of angiotensin receptors in the medial amygdaloid nucleus in autonomic, baroreflex and cardiovascular changes evoked by chronic stress in rats
Authors: Costa‐Ferreira Willian , Gomes‐de‐Souza Lucas , Crestani Carlos C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the role of AT1, AT2 and Mas angiotensinergic receptors within the MeA in autonomic, cardiovascular and baroreflex changes evoked by a 10‐day (1 hr daily) repeated restraint stress (RRS) protocol. Analysis of cardiovascular function after the end of the RRS protocol indicated increased values of arterial pressure, without heart rate changes. Arterial pressure increase was not affected by acute MeA treatment after the RRS with either the selective AT1 receptor antagonist losartan, the selective AT2 receptor antagonist PD123319 or the selective Mas receptor antagonist A‐779. Analysis of heart rate variability indicated that RRS increased the sympathetic tone to the heart, which was inhibited by MeA treatment with either losartan, PD123319 or A‐779. Baroreflex function assessed using the pharmacological approach via intravenous infusion of vasoactive agents revealed a facilitation of tachycardia evoked by blood pressure decrease in chronically stressed animals, which was inhibited by MeA treatment with losartan. Conversely, baroreflex responses during spontaneous fluctuations of blood pressure were impaired by RRS, and this effect was not affected by injection of the angiotensinergic receptor antagonists into the MeA. Altogether, the data reported in the present study suggest an involvement of both angiotensinergic receptors present in the MeA in autonomic imbalance evoked by RRS, as well as an involvement of MeA AT1 receptor in the enhanced baroreflex responses during full range of blood pressure changes. Results also indicate that RRS‐evoked increase in arterial pressure and impairment of baroreflex responses during spontaneous variations of arterial pressure are independent of MeA angiotensinergic receptors.
Multiple stressors determine river ecological status at the European scale: Towards an integrated understanding of river status deterioration
Authors: Lemm Jan U. , Venohr Markus , Globevnik Lidija , Stefanidis Kostas , Panagopoulos Yiannis , van Gils Jos , Posthuma Leo , Kristensen Peter , Feld Christian K. , Mahnkopf Judith , Hering Daniel , Birk Sebastian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe biota of European rivers are affected by a wide range of stressors impairing water quality and hydro‐morphology. Only about 40% of Europe's rivers reach ‘good ecological status’, a target set by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) and indicated by the biota. It is yet unknown how the different stressors in concert impact ecological status and how the relationship between stressors and status differs between river types. We linked the intensity of seven stressors to recently measured ecological status data for more than 50,000 sub‐catchment units (covering almost 80% of Europe's surface area), which were distributed among 12 broad river types. Stressor data were either derived from remote sensing data (extent of urban and agricultural land use in the riparian zone) or modelled (alteration of mean annual flow and of base flow, total phosphorous load, total nitrogen load and mixture toxic pressure, a composite metric for toxic substances), while data on ecological status were taken from national statutory reporting of the second WFD River Basin Management Plans for the years 2010–2015. We used Boosted Regression Trees to link ecological status to stressor intensities. The stressors explained on average 61% of deviance in ecological status for the 12 individual river types, with all seven stressors contributing considerably to this explanation. On average, 39.4% of the deviance was explained by altered hydro‐morphology (morphology: 23.2%; hydrology: 16.2%), 34.4% by nutrient enrichment and 26.2% by toxic substances. More than half of the total deviance was explained by stressor interaction, with nutrient enrichment and toxic substances interacting most frequently and strongly. Our results underline that the biota of all European river types are determined by co‐occurring and interacting multiple stressors, lending support to the conclusion that fundamental management strategies at the catchment scale are required to reach the ambitious objective of good ecological status of surface waters.
Growing winter Brassica carinata as part of a diversified crop rotation for integrated weed management
Authors: Tiwari Ruby , Reinhardt Piskáčková Theresa A. , Devkota Pratap , Mulvaney Michael J. , Ferrell Jason A. , Leon Ramon G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBrassica carinata A. Braun is a non‐edible, oilseed winter crop for biofuel production that can diversify crop rotations and improve integrated weed management. The research objective was to evaluate the influence of B. carinata on weed population dynamics in the southeastern United States cropping systems. B. carinata was grown after cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), peanut (Arachis hypogea L.), or a clean summer fallow, and winter weed pressure was modified with or without S‐metolachlor. The emergence of Lamium amplexicaule L. increased at least 40% after cotton or peanut in 2018–2019 and 50% after cotton in 2019–2020 compared to summer fallow. Stellaria media (L.) Vill. emergence was increased over threefold after peanut or cotton in 2019–2020. Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby emergence after cotton was increased at least 43% during both experimental years, whereas Amaranthus hybridus L. emergence was increased over 50% after peanut in 2019–2020 compared to summer fallow. Even without S‐metolachlor, B. carinata reduced A. hybridus (>27%) and S. obtusifolia (>25%) emergence compared to weedy winter fallow. After B. carinata harvest, A. hybridus emergence was reduced >40% with or without S‐metolachlor compared to winter fallow in 2018–2019. Overall, B. carinata biomass was highest after peanut for both seasons. B. carinata seed yield did not differ among crop history treatments in the first season, whereas in 2019–2020, the yield was higher after peanut (2417 kg ha−1) or fallow (2520 kg ha−1) compared to cotton (1710 kg ha−1). Weed management treatments were not different for B. carinata biomass or yield in any year. The results indicate that B. carinata can enhance integrated weed management strategies at the rotational level for summer crops by reducing seed banks of summer weed species, in addition to its potential as a winter biofuel crop for the southeastern United States.
Influence of social support on limitation in daily living among older persons in Malaysia
Authors: Mahmud Nur A , Shahein Nik A , Yoep Norzawati , Mahmud Mohd Amierul F , Maw Pin Tan , Paiwai Faizah , Yusof Muslimah , Muhamad Nor A 
Published: December 2020

AimStudies on the influence of social support on activity limitation among older persons remain limited. A better understanding of this relationship will help with resource planning and policy making aimed to reduce burden of care. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of social support on limitation in daily living among older persons in Malaysia.MethodsData from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018, a nation‐wide, cross‐sectional survey using a two‐stage stratified sampling design, were analyzed. A representative sample of individuals aged ≥60 years identified through national sampling frames throughout Malaysia was included. Face‐to‐face interviews were conducted using validated questionnaires on activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL). Social support was measured using the Duke Social Support Index.ResultsThe overall prevalence of the presence of any limitations in ADL and IADL was 17.0% and 42.9% respectively. Overall prevalence of the older persons with low to fair social support was 30.8% and high to very high social support was 69.2%. Logistic regression analysis identified the following factors as being associated with limitations in ADL and IADL: being female, of older age, having a monthly income <RM 1000 and reporting low to fair social support.ConclusionLow social support was associated with limitation in daily living among older persons in Malaysia. Future studies should consider evaluating the potential benefits of increasing social support on the activity limitation of our older population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 26–32.
Prevalence and determinants of hearing disability among older persons in Malaysia: Finding of National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2018
Authors: Harith Abdul Aziz , Ahmad Noor Ani , Sahril Norhafizah , Wahab Nor'ain Ab , Kassim Noraida Abdul , Othman Salimah , Din Sobani , Hussin Siti Suriani Che , Mahmud Nur Azna , Azlan Mohd Shaiful , Seman Zamtira 
Published: December 2020

AimAn aging population is a potential burden for unprepared developing countries. Malaysia is foreseen to be an aging country by 2035. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hearing disability among older persons in Malaysia.MethodsData from a nationwide survey implemented using a stratified cluster sampling design were analyzed. This study was carried out through face‐to‐face interviews and guided questionnaires. The questions were based on the Washington Group of Disability (WG) questionnaires, which produce multiple disability identifiers. Hearing disability is defined as at least one domain or question out of four questions coded as “A lot of difficulty” or “Cannot hear at all”.ResultsThe prevalence of hearing disability among older persons aged ≥60 years was 6.4% (95% CI 5.0–8.3), whereas 1.5% (95% CI 0.90, 2.50) older persons were reported to be using a hearing aid. The determinants of hearing disability are being male (aOR 2.67, 95% CI 1.94–3.66), being unemployed (retired, homemaker, unemployed; aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.86–4.14) and had no formal education (aOR 18.25, 95% CI 4.18–79.55).ConclusionsPromoting healthy aging is important and crucial for Malaysia, in preparation toward an aging nation, as it could reduce the country's financial burden in the long term. Health‐related agencies should promote health awareness and treatment centers in relation to hearing disability among older persons, as they should be educated and informed about healthcare choices availability, which is aligned with the Global Disability Action Plan 2014–2021. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 43–48.
The international collaborations of Shane Godbolt: EAHIL, ICML and irish health science libraries
Authors: Doran Beatrice , Law Derek 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article summarises Shane Godbolt’s international Collaborations. It includes her associations with the European Association of Health Information & Libraries (EAHIL), International Congress on Medical Librarianship (ICML) and the Irish Health Sciences Libraries (HSLG).
The nonlinear optical properties of silver nanoparticles decorated glass obtained from sintering mesoporous powders
Authors: Zhao Yuye , Dong Ningning , Qiu Pengpeng , Jiang Wan , Wang Jun , Wang Lianjun , Gu Shijia , Zhou Beiying , Luo Wei 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have excellent third‐order nonlinear optical properties but it is still difficult to obtain silica glass containing Ag NPs with homogenous dispersion and small particle size. Herein, silica glass with homogenously distributed Ag NPs in its matrix was derived from sintering a famous type of mesoporous silica (FDU‐12) encapsulated with Ag NPs (Ag NPs/FDU‐12) through Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. Benefited from the low‐temperature sintering property of the Ag NPs/FDU‐12 powders (~930°C within 5 min), the Ag NPs can be directly trapped in the derived silica glass with small particle size (<3.0 nm) and without mass loss. The as‐prepared Ag NPs/glass showed a typical reverse saturable absorption curve, which is measuredviathe Z‐scan method by using a 532 nm nanosecond laser. The nonlinear coefficientand imaginary third‐order susceptibilitywere calculated as 11.46 cm/GW and 2.22 × 10−12esu, respectively, indicating the excellent third‐order nonlinear optical properties of the Ag NPs/glass. This study demonstrates a great potential for preparing silica glasses functionalized with well dispersed ultrafine functional particles, which is appealing in photonic field.
Visible‐to‐MIR broadband modulating electrochromic metal oxides‐based coating for thermal management
Authors: Chein Sheng Ly Kally , Zhang Haiwen , Liu Xianghui , Tang Daoyuan , Xu Jianming , Fu Xuecheng , Zhou Han , Fan Tongxiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe overheating/cooling of spacecraft solar cells under the contrastive temperature variation due to solar influence leads to severe consequences on both its performance and its long‐term stability. Radiative thermal management by broadband optical modulating coating provides a versatile and effective solution for spatial environments. Here we design a visible‐to‐mid‐infrared broadband modulating metal oxide‐based electrochromic coating for spacecraft solar cell thermal management. Upon impedance matching between multilayered architecture and control of crystallinity of WO3 with optimized morphology, the final coating successfully presents reversible transition from solar transmitter and thermal emitter to heat preserving coating with infrared (IR) stealth ability. The transmission spectrum of the coating in its bleached state fits the solar spectrum curve (0.3‐1.2 μm) for photocurrent harvesting and it transmits up to 88% at 450 nm, at the solar radiation peak. The average mid‐infrared (MIR) (2‐16 μm) emissivity of the coating is 80%, with a tunability of 20% in average. The demonstrated capabilities of broadband modulating electrochromic coating are highly promising for solar cell thermoregulation in space or terrestrial environments and also for IR‐stealth applications in the defense sector.