bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research and Development of Maltodextrin Production Technology for the Dairy Industry
Authors: Fedorova Anastasiya , Kozlova Oksana , Slavyanskiy Anatoliy , Velichkovich Natalya , Le Violetta 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Maltodextrins are a common dietary supplement with a number of positive properties. They consist of D-glucose units connected by a (1–4) glucoside bond. The research objective was to improve the existing technology of maltodextrin production based on potato and corn starch.
Study objects and methods. Maltodextrins were obtained by enzymatic and acidic incomplete hydrolysis of potato and corn starch. Amilolux ATS and Glucolux A were used for enzyme hydrolysis, and sulfuric acid was used for acid hydrolysis. The finished product was obtained by spray drying. The sensory properties of the finished product were determined by standard methods. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography defined the hydrocarbon composition, while the method of dextrose equivalent helped to determine the reducing capacity of sugars.
Results and discussions. The study improved the technique of the enzymatic breakdown of starch. Amylolysis ATS proved to be the optimal enzyme preparation in concentration of 0.5 mL/50 cm3). Other optimal parameters included the starch-splitting activity of 2,330.50 u/mL, temperature of hydrolysis of 65 ± 2°C, and pH reactions of pH 6.5. The method of spray drying proved most efficient for drying starch hydrolysates: the drying temperature and air flow was 100°C, while the flow rate of the solution was 12 mL/min). The experiment also established the dextrose equivalent of the finished product (12–13%) and the quantitative content of sugars in the obtained samples. For maltodextrins obtained from potato starch, the content of maltose and glucose was 16.73 ± 0.25% and 12.48 ± 0.050%, respectively; for corn maltodextrins – 40.22 ± 0.30% and 52.93 ± 0.040%.
Conclusion. The market for food additives is developing rapidly. Maltodextrin is a natural food additive that can be used in various branches of food industry. The research made it possible to improve the technology of maltodextrin production in t dairy industry.
Electrochemical and Optical Microbiological Testing: a Comparative Study on Properties of Essential Oils
Authors: Sibirtsev Vladimir , Nechiporenko Uliana , Kabanov Vladimir , Kukin Mikhail 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The national economy is currently developing a system for monitoring the quality and safety of goods. Food products, ingredients, and additives possess various pro- and antibiotic properties. Therefore, available express methods of quantitative assessment of microbiological contamination are a relevant aspect of domestic food industry.
Study objects and methods. The study featured ten essential oils of plant origin that can be used as functional additives to various food products.
Results and its discussion. The research introduced a new biotesting technique for repetitive recording of changes in the intensity of elastic light dispersion. The technique made it possible to measure pH and electrical conductivity of a liquid nutrient medium incubated in the presence and absence of viable test microorganisms and test samples. The paper describes the results of this technique applied to a comparative analysis of antibiotic activity of various essential oils in different concentrations. As the concentrations of the test extracts decreased, their antibiotic activity monotonically also went down, while the probiotic activity increased. The shortterm biological activity of test samples appeared to be significantly higher than their long-term activity. The medium-term biological activity of the test samples was mostly intermediate in value. Only rarely did it exceed both the long- and short-term biological activity of the same TE. The essential oils obtained from the leaves of Thuja occidentalis, Eucalyptus globulus, and Cupressus sempervirens exhibited the most active and long antibiotic properties.
Conclusion. The biological activity of food products, including various plant extracts, depends not only on the raw material and the extraction method, but also on the concentration of the extract in the product. As a rule, the exact nature of these dependencies can only be established empirically and requires a set of various tests. The present article introduces a new highly objective and informative express methodology that simplifies this process. The technique is less labor-, time-, and material-consuming than standard visual microbiological methods. It can be used to assess the effect of test samples on the vital activity of microorganisms in various foods, ingredients, and additives.
Evaluation of prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale: a cross-sectional analytic study
Authors: Kahveci Gaye , Kahveci Bekir , Aslanhan Hamza , Bucaktepe Pakize Gamze Erten 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Study design: The population of this cross-sectional analytic study consisted of 311 women who were admitted to our hospital at 4-6 weeks after birth. The data were collected between April-June 2018 by applying a sociodemographic data form consisting of 44 questions and the EPDS consisting of 10 questions. We used the EPDS in postpartum period to divide parturients into those with (n=47) and without (n=264) PPD using a cut-off score of ³ 13. The primary outcome is the prevalence of PPD, while the secondary outcomes are associated risk factors.Results: The PPD prevalence was 15.1% (n=47). In the PPD group, the difference was highly significant in terms of abortion, antenatal depression, inadequate care for the baby and health problem in the newborn [0.6±0.9 vs. 0.2±0.6, 13 (37.1%) vs. 27 (10.5%), 9 (56.3%) vs. 38 (12.9%), 12 (36.4%) vs. 35 (12.6%), respectively] (p<0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that abortion increased PPD by 1.64 fold (1.13-2.37% at 95% CI), antenatal depression by 5.04 fold (2.38-10.68% at 95% CI), inadequate care for the baby by 6.28 fold (1.89-20.86% at 95% CI), and health problem in the newborn increased PPD by 3.59 fold (1.43-8.99% at 95% CI).Conclusion: PPD is a health problem that can affect primarily mother and child. Therefore, it is important to determine highly predictable risk factors using a scale (e.g. EPDS) for early diagnosis and timely treatment of symptoms.
‘Best Interest of a Child’ Doctrine in Divorce Cases: Resorting to family mediation practice
Authors: Abdul Aziz Norazlina , Rahmat Nur Ezan , Abdullah Rozlinda 
Published: December 2020

The best interest of the children in divorce cases may be best protected using the family mediation model. Although Malaysia has adopted the practice of mediation, it is not made compulsory for family disputes. This study aims at analyzing the effective interpretation of the 'best interest of a child' by replacing the adversarial platform with a family mediation platform. This study adopts a qualitative approach utilizing doctrinal study, content analysis, and interview. The outcome showed that there is a need to promote family mediation in Malaysia and this may assist the stakeholders in developing a harmonious platform for family disputes.
Keywords: Child’s Rights, family mediation, divorce, developmental psychology
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2413.
Knowledge and Attitude of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 among Health Sciences Students In Uitm Puncak Alam, Selangor.
Authors: Isa Roslinda , Abd Rahman Nur Adzirah , Zainal Abidin Nur Aida , Idris Zetty Idlia 
Published: December 2020

Poorly controlled diabetes among young people poses a significant challenge to public health in the future since it will be affecting the economy and become a social burden. Health sciences students should have a good knowledge of diabetic Mellitus (DM) management since they play an important role in patient education. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of DM Type 2 among health sciences students. A cross-sectional study using DKQ-24 and Attitude towards Diabetes Mellitus Questionnaire were used. More than half of the respondents scored moderate and good knowledge with 50% displaying a positive attitude and proven statistically significant.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; knowledge; attitude; students
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2464.
Acquisition of Email Service Based Android Using NIST
Authors: Umar Rusydi , Riadi Imam , Muthohirin Bashor Fauzan 
Published: December 2020

Email is one of the results of the development of information and communication technology. Email is widely used to exchange information by sending and receiving data, such as document files, images, correspondence and others. With the development of technology and information causing crimes in communicating also growing, the perpetrators of cyber crime commonly referred to as cybercrime. Any crime committed by cybercrime will surely leave the evidence, in this study will make the acquisition of android-based email using the method of national institute of standards and technology (NIST). The results obtained IP address of the sender's email header as digital evidence.
Model instytucji nadzoru prewencyjnego w systemie zadań profilaktycznych kuratorów dla dorosłych
Authors: Goworko-Składanek Beata , Prymak Tomasz 
Published: December 2020

Instytucja nadzoru prewencyjnego bazuje na znanych rozwiązaniach obecnych w obowiązującym prawie. W zamyśle jest to środek oddziaływania pozakarnego, który mógłby być stosowany przez sądy rodzinne w sytuacji wystąpienia przemocy w rodzinie. Nadzór ten nakładany byłby na osoby stosujące przemoc, wobec których działania podjęte przez grupy robocze Lokalnych Zespołów Interdyscyplinarnych byłyby nieskuteczne, a jej zachowania nie wypełniałyby znamion przestępstwa z użyciem przemocy popełnionego na szkodę najbliższych osób. Środek ten miałby na celu dodatkowo wzmocnienie oddziaływań podejmowanych przez członków wspomnianych grup roboczych. Wykonywany byłby przez kuratorów dla dorosłych, którzy są podmiotem wyspecjalizowanym w pracy z osobami dorosłymi występującymi przeciwko obowiązującemu porządkowi prawnemu. Instytucja ta poszerza katalog uprawnień kuratora sądowego dla dorosłych. Jednocześnie jest nowym rozwiązaniem, które daje nowe możliwości walki z przemocą w rodzinie.
Analisis Kadar Vitamin C Bawang Putih dan Hitam dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Jurwita Magfira , Nasir M. , Haji Abdul Gani 
Published: December 2020

An analysis of vitamin C levels of garlic and black garlic was done by UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Garlic and black garlic contain a variety of nutrients and vitamins. Single and plural garlic is widely used as a medicine, besides garlic is currently also popular with garlic which is processed at temperatures between 60-80̊C with an environmental humidity of around 70-90% for 10-40 days. One of the vitamins contained in garlic includes vitamin C which acts as an antioxidant and is effective in dealing with free radicals. Vitamin C analysis was performed by the spectrophotometric method on the maximum wavelength is 250 nm with an absorbance value of 3.994. Results of analysis of vitamin C levels single garlic by 0.28% content of plural garlic by 0.27%. Vitamin C levels of single black garlic 0.29% (10 days), 0.31% (20 days), and 0.32% (30 days), plural black garlic Vitamin C levels 0.28% (10 days), 0.29% (20 days) and 0.31% (30 days).Based on ANOVA test results obtained there are differences in levels of vitamin C in single black garlic over several variations of time (days)and there are differences in levels of vitamin C in plural black garlic over several variations of time (days) because of Fcount ≥ Ftable.The coefficient of variation (KV) value is needed to test the level of accuracy of the analysis results. KV value in single garlic is 0.68% and plural garlic is 1.24%. KV value of single black garlic 0.3% (10 days), 0.25% (20 days), and 0.7% (30 days), KV of black garlic 0.55% (10 days), 0.61% (20 days), and 0.43% (30 days).
Keywords: Single garlic, garlic plural, black garlic, fermentation, vitamin C levels
Mikroenkapsulasi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) pada Berbagai Massa Maltodekstrin dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Sucianti  , Nurhaeni  , Hardi Jaya 
Published: December 2020

Red super dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus costaricensis) extract has capability to scavenge DPPH and the activity could be maintained by using maltodextrin as coating. The aims of the research are to determine ratio of red super dragon fruit peel ethanol extract toward maltodextrin producing microcapsule with the highest coating efficiency and DPPH scavenging content by microcapsule of red super dragon fruit peel extract. Microencapsulation was carried out using freeze drying technique. Comparison of red super dragon fruit peel extract and maltodextrin were 1: 8, 1: 10, 1: 12, and 1:14 (w / w). The results show that the highest efficiency ratio of coating extract of red super dragon fruit peel with maltodextrin was 1: 8 with percentage of 90,77%. Level of DPPH scavenging content of red super dragon fruit peel extract microcapsule with ratio of 1:8 on 5 minutes and 60 minutes each is 27.36% and 46.62%.
Keywords: Hylocereus costaricensis, freeze drying, maltodextrin, microencapsulation
Comparison of the primary stability of orthodontic miniscrews after repeated insertion cycles:
Authors: Nenen Felipe , Garnica Nicolás , Rojas Víctor , Oyonarte Rodrigo 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare the primary stability of miniscrews after repeated cycles of insertion through insertion torque (IT) measurements and resonance frequency analysis (RFA).

Materials and Methods
Sixty titanium miniscrews were divided into two groups according to the insertion protocol: one with predrilled sites and the other self-drilled into porcine iliac crest bone specimens. Each group had three cycles of reinsertion. After each insertion, the IT and RFA were measured. The IT was measured by using a torque meter, and the RFA was measured using the Osstell ISQ device. A total of five miniscrews of each group were selected for sequential assessment of the morphology of their tip and threads using scanning electron microscopy after each insertion cycle.

Results
No statistically significant differences were found in the IT values of miniscrews reinserted up to three times in the group with predrilled surgical sites. The IT value increased significantly with the number of reinsertions in the self-drilled group. The RFA value decreased as the number of insertions increased in both groups.

Conclusions
Under the conditions of this in vitro study, reinserting miniscrews deteriorates the integrity of their tip and thread. Reinsertion should be discouraged particularly when insertion sites are not predrilled.
A comparison of the effects of Forsus appliances with and without temporary anchorage devices for skeletal Class II malocclusion:
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhan Qi , Zhou Jing , Kuang Qianyun , Yan Xinyu , Zhang Xiaoqi , Shan Yue , Lai Wenli , Long Hu 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To compare the effects of Forsus appliances with and without temporary anchorage devices (TADs) for patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion.

Materials and Methods
Through a predefined search strategy, electronic searching was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, and SIGLE with no language restrictions. Eligible study selection, data extraction, and evaluation of risk of bias (Cochrane Collaboration tool) were conducted by two authors independently and in duplicate. Any disagreement was solved by discussion or judged by a third reviewer. Statistical pooling, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and assessment of small-study effects were conducted by using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Stata 12.0. Heterogeneity was analyzed for different types of study designs, TADs, and radiographic examinations.

Results
Electronic search yielded a total of 256 studies after removing duplicates. Among them, six studies were finally included. All articles were of high quality. The pooled mean differences were –0.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.59, 0.05) for SNA, 0.58 (95% CI: –0.07, 1.23) for SNB, –0.86 (95% CI: –1.74, –0.03) for ANB, 1.63 (95% CI: 0.46, 2.80) for Co-Po, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.28, 1.23) for SN-MP, –7.56 (95% CI: –11.37, –3.76) for L1-MP, 0.47 (95% CI: –0.98, 1.91) for overjet, 0.39 (95% CI: –0.57, 1.35) for overbite, –1.84 (95% CI: −5.15, 1.47) for SN-OP, and 4.97 (95% CI: –1.22, 11.17) for nasolabial angle.

Conclusions
TADs (especially miniplates) were able to eliminate dental adverse effects of Forsus appliances for correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion.
A influência da cor na produção de sentidos: um estudo no contexto de capas de livros
Authors: Laíse Firmino de Lima Yasmine , Patrícia de Araújo Pereira Carla 
Published: December 2020

Esta investigação situa-se na área do Design de Informação e tem como objeto de estudo capas de livros, analisadas sob a perspectiva da cor. Considerando que, para quase um terço dos leitores brasileiros, o tema é o principal fator para escolha de um livro, e que uma parcela significativa deles afirma eleger o livro pela capa, destaca-se a importância que esta adquire na captação da atenção e na identificação do assunto tratado na obra. Sabe-se que as cores podem sugerir significados, derivados de associações culturais e sociais, contudo há pouco conhecimento sobre sua influência na compreensão de mensagens visuais. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo, de caráter exploratório, teve como objetivo verificar se as cores das capas de livros interferem na identificação do assunto tratado na obra pelo público leitor. A metodologia da pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: análise visual e experimento. A análise da mensagem visual contida nas capas baseou-se em conceitos fundamentais da teoria da Gestalt e da Semiótica Peirceana. Para o experimento, utilizou-se um questionário on-line, distribuído a dois grupos distintos de adultos alfabetizados de ambos os sexos. Para o Grupo A, os questionários continham imagens de quatro capas em suas cores originais; enquanto o Grupo B observou imagens das mesmas capas com as cores modificadas (por meio de software), considerando a presença ou ausência de relação simbólica entre a cor predominante na capa e o assunto do livro, com base no referencial teórico da pesquisa. Pela grande dispersão observada nas respostas, foi verificado que o design das capas testadas gerou ambiguidade na identificação da temática dos livros. Contudo, as diferenças observadas nas respostas indicam ter ocorrido alguma influência de associações simbólicas das cores na interpretação do conteúdo dos livros pelos potenciais leitores, por ser a única variável entre os questionários. Foi possível concluir, no âmbito desta pesquisa, que o uso da cor com aproximação ao campo semântico do tema se mostrou relevante para a produção de sentidos relativos ao conteúdo da obra, mediante visualização da capa. Os resultados indicam que a influência das cores para a produção de sentidos pode variar de acordo com sua relação com os outros elementos visuais e todo o contexto da composição gráfica.
PENGARUH EKSTRAKURIKULER KEROHANIAN ISLAM TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA DI BENGKULU
Authors: Chandra Pasmah , Marhayati Nelly , Aliza Ersa Mala 
Published: December 2020

The study is aimed at seeing how extracurricular Islamic spirituality affects student’s behavior at SMA Negeri 10 Bengkulu. The kind of research that is quantitative research with a quantitative descriptive approach. The data-collection techniques of questionnaire, observation, interview and documentation. The sample in this study is all of the students who have participated in extracurricular Islamic Spirituality at SMA Negeri 10 Bengkulu. Researchers use probability sampling techniques of simple random sampling. Research data analysis using simple linier regression analysis, F-Test, t-test and coefficient determinations (R2) with help of SPSS 16. The finding of this studies extracurricular activities of Islamic spirituality affect student’s behavior. This is evidenced by tcount of 3,120 whereas ttable of 2,037 at a significant level of 0.05. Based on these results tcount is greater than the excpectation tchart. Thus, it may be concluded that Ha was accepted and Ho is rejected so that there is an influence of Islamic spirituality extracurricular activities on student behavior by 22.8% while the remaining 77.2% is influenced by other factors not studied in this study.
Comparison of Three Types of Stud Attachments on Retention and Strain Energy in the Mandibular Implant-Supported Overdentures
Authors: Esfahanizadeh Gholamreza , Mohammadi-Asl Saeed , Navai Parvaneh Lavasani 
Published: December 2020

Background: The present in vitro study assessed he effects of three different Stud attachments on the retention and strain energy in the mandibular implant-supported overdentures.
Methods: Two parallel implants (Implantium System) were placed on the mandibular canines’ regions and a chrome-cobalt casting framework was prepared as the denture base. The implant fixtures were installed on the canine location and the pulling was performed by three orthodontic wires in the Instron machine with a speed of 0.5 min/mm. Dislodging forces were applied to the housings in two vertical and oblique directions on three different Stud attachments (Ball, Kerator, Positioner). All three wires were connected to the device in the vertical position while one wire was separated from the molar’s region in the oblique loadings. The retention of these three attachments was statistically analyzed by means of one-way analysis of variance.
Results: Significant differences were found between the attachments (F (2, 15) =33.01, p<0.0001). Furthermore, Retention forces in the oblique loadings were significant differences between the attachments (F(2,15)=175.10, p<0.0001). The effect size, calculated using eta squared, was 0.95, which is considered large. The strain energy was 4.08, 3.05 and 1.04 J for the Ball, Positioner and Kerator attachments in the vertical loadings and 4.05, 1.44 and 3.07 J in the oblique loading respectively.
Conclusion: The retentive forces and strain energy of ball attachments were greatest than other studied attachments in the vertical and oblique loadings.