bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matematik Öğretmen Adaylarının Görsel Matematik Okuryazarlık Algılarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: İLHAN Aziz , ASLANER Recep 
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada matematik
öğretmen adaylarının görsel matematik okuryazarlık algıları ve alt boyutları cinsiyet
ve sınıf değişkenlerine göre incelenmiştir.
Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde bulunan iki Üniversitesinin eğitim fakültelerinde
2016-2017 öğretim yılı güz döneminde öğrenim gören 252 bayan ve 132 Erkek olmak
üzere toplam 384 matematik öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada örneklem
belirlenirken bu iki üniversite seçilerek uygun örnekleme yöntemi tercih
edilmiştir. Bu yöntem zaman ve işgücü koşulları açısından var olan
sınırlılıklar sebebiyle tercih edilen bir yöntemdir. Çalışmada ilişkisel tarama
modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri İlhan (2015) tarafından geliştirmiş
olan görsel matematik okuryazarlık algı ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Çalışma
verileri betimsel istatistikler, t-testi, ANOVA testi ile analiz edilmiş,
sonuçlar Cohen’s f ve Cohen’s d etki büyüklüğü değerleri
yardımıyla yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri cinsiyet değişkenine göre
karşılaştırıldığında erkeklerin bayanlara göre daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Görsel matematik okuryazarlık algısı puanları incelendiğinde
öğretmen adayalarından üçüncü sınıfların en yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu görülmektedir.
Araştırmada matematik öğretmen adaylarının ölçek puanları cinsiyet değişkenine
göre incelendiğinde, görsel matematik okuryazarlık algısı ve alt boyutları puanlarının
aralarında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Ancak ANOVA testi sonucunda görsel
matematik okuryazarlık algısı için sınıflar arası farklılığın anlamlı olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Hesaplanan Cohen’s f etki
büyüklüğü değerleri sınıflar arası farklılıkların orta ve düşük düzeyde
olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu farklılık sınıflar arasında araştırıldığında bazı sınıflar arasında
anlamlı farklılığın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu farklılıkların Cohen’s d etki büyüklüğü değerleri
incelendiğinde de sınıflar arasında yüksek, orta veya düşük düzeyde anlamlı
etkilerin bulunduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada değişkenler arasındaki korelasyon değerleri
incelendiğinde görsel matematik okuryazarlık algısı ile alt boyutları arasında
yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Araştırmada
elde edilen bulgular neticesinde görsel matematik okuryazarlık algısı kavramlarının
akademik alan ve matematik öğretiminde kullanımına ilişkin önerilerde
bulunulmuştur.
EFEKTIVITAS PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA Pseudomonas fluorescens DALAM PENGENDALIAN HAYATI PENYAKIT BULAI PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Pradhipta Hatyanta Nuha , Kurniasari Irianti , Romadi Ugik 
Published: April 2020

Bulai merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman jagung yang disebabkan cendawan patogen Peronosclerospora maydis. P. maydis menyebabkan potensi kehilangan hasil mencapai 100%. Berbagai pengendalian yang dilakukan belum memberikan hasil yang optimal dan bahkan menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. PGPR Pseudomonas fluorescens diketahui berpotensi sebagai pengendali penyakit bulai yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas P. fluorescens terhadap penekanan penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan konsentrasi larutan P. fluorescens sebagai perlakuan terdiri dari: P1=0 ml/L, P2=50 ml/L, P3=75 ml/L, P4=100 ml/L, P5=fungisida fenamidon 50%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa P. fluorescens dapat efektif mengendalikan penyakit bulai, sedangkan perbedaan konsentrasi P. fluorescens tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam pengendalian penyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung. Kata kunci: Penyakit bulai, PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens, tanaman jagung ABSTRACTDowney mildew is the main disease in maize that caused by the fungus pathogen Peronosclerospora maydis. P. maydis caused significant yield loss of up to 100%. The various controls of downey mildew did not bring out succeed and even have a negative impact for the environment and human health. PGPR Pseudomonas fluorescens considered can be used as biological control agents against downy mildew which is environmental friendly. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of P. fluorescens in the controling of downey mildew in maize. Randomized Block Design were used in this research with concentration of P. fluorescens as a treatment consist of: P1 = 0 ml / L, P2 = 50 ml / L, P3 = 75 ml / L, P4 = 100 ml / L, P5 = fenamidone fungicide 50 %. The results showed that P. fluorescens effective to controling of downy mildew, while differences in P. fluorescens concentration has not significant effect for controlling downy mildew in maize. Keywords: Downy Mildew, PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Maize
The Effect of Addition Fermented Dairy-Waste Water Sludge By Aspergillus Niger in Ration on Growth Performance and The Caecal Microbial of Broiler
Authors: Marlina Eulis Tanti , Balia Roostita Lobo Lobo , Lukman Denny Widaya 
Published: April 2020

Dairy Wastewater Sludge (DWS) is sediment from milk processing. Nutritional content of DWS can be used as feed ingredients. The effects of nutrition in DWS are tested on the growth of broiler as well as its specific impact on the development of microflora on broiler digestion. The research methods used experimental design. Tapioca by-product (onggok) is used as DWS binder while Aspergillus niger fermentation is applied to improve nutritional content. The rate of addition fermented DWS in the ration was evaluated through measuring weight gain for 35 days and microflora quality in the cecum by counting the number of non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria in the cecum at the end of the research period. The research data were analyzed by ANOVA with Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the addition of 20% fermented DWS in rations resulted in the highest body weight gain and could suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp., E. coli, and Enterobacteriaceae) in caecal. The ratio of non pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria increased proportional to the addition of fermented DWS levels in the ration. Different caecum weight of broiler with different fermented DWS levels was a reprentation of microorganism activity in caecum. This condition can illustrate the good health status of livestock so as to optimize the growth of broiler.
Stigma, Opioids, and Public Health Messaging: The Need to Disentangle Behavior From Identity
Authors: Moore Matthew D. , Ali Shabana , Burnich-Line Danielle , Gonzales Whitney , Stanton Michael V. 
Published: April 2020

Stigma plays an important role in understanding successful interventions to control the opioid epidemic in the United States. Stigma has been described both as an agent to incentivize positive health behavior and as an agent of marginalization contributing to poorer health. Past scholarship has argued that stigma has positively motivated public health changes, for example, among tobacco users; it has also been associated with discrimination against vulnerable individuals, resulting in increasingly poorer health behaviors, for example in relation to HIV-prevention messaging. The discourse on stigma may conflate the denormalization of unhealthy behaviors with wholesale rejection of individual identities. More effective interventions would counter stigma against people who use opioids in general and specifically denormalize opioid misuse. These interventions might alter the effect of public health messaging and ultimately improve outcomes. We argue that public health educators and communication campaigns can contribute to positive social norm change and motivate healthy behaviors by incorporating strategies that attempt to disentangle unhealthy behaviors from identity.
Excision of Prominent Bony Mass due to Skeletal Fluorosis
Authors: Kouk Shalen , Rapp Timothy B. 
Published: April 2020

Case:
A 72-year-old man presented for evaluation of bony prominences over extremities. Radiographic imaging demonstrated masses of varying sizes extending from the cortical surfaces without medullary continuity. The patient had a history of Freon inhalation abuse and was diagnosed with skeletal fluorosis due to elevated serum fluoride levels. He underwent an uncomplicated excision of a left fibular mass that was threatening skin breakdown.

Conclusions:
This is the first reported surgical case of skeletal fluorosis demonstrating continued enlargement of bony prominences throughout the body. Skeletal fluorosis not only causes diffuse mineralization but may also lead to protruding lesions throughout the body.
KEBIJAKAN DUKUNGAN DOMESTIK UNTUK MENETRALISIR DAMPAK NEGATIF PENURUNAN TARIF IMPOR TERHADAP INDUSTRI GULA INDONESIA
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Emil , Sinaga Bonar M. , Harianto NFN , Susilowati Sri Hery 
Published: April 2020

<strong>English</strong><br />Reduction toward elimination of import tariffs for all tradable products is a common modality of international trade agreements. Although it may be beneficial for reducing retail prices, import tariff reduction could create some negative impacts on farming, farmers’ welfare, and agro-processing industries. One of the most immediate impacts to anticipate is import tariff reduction on sugar. Accordingly, this study aims to formulate domestic support policy mix for neutralizing the negative impacts of sugar import tariff reduction on the Indonesian sugar industry. The study is conducted by developing an econometric policy simulation model for the Indonesian sugar industry, consisting of 21 structural equations and 15 identities, estimated by the Two-Stage Least Square method using time series data of 1995−2016. The result shows that sugar import tariff reduction, on one hand, is good because it reduces retail sugar price, but on the other hand, it is bad because it reduces sugar farmer price and domestic sugar production, increases sugar import, and reduces molasses export. As a consequence of the international agreements, the policy mix suggested for neutralizing the negative impacts of the sugar import tariff reduction should include increasing the planted area of sugar cane crop and construction of new sugar factories. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Penurunan hingga penghapusan tarif impor untuk semua produk yang diperdagangkan adalah modalitas utama peningkatan akses pasar pada setiap kesepakatan perdagangan internasional. Walau bermanfaat menurunkan harga eceran, penurunan tarif impor dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kinerja usaha tani, kesejahteraan petani, dan industri pengolahan hasil pertanian. Salah satu yang perlu segera diantisipasi ialah penurunan tarif impor gula. Sejalan dengan itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan bauran kebijakan dukungan domestik yang dapat menetralisasi dampak negatif penurunan tarif impor terhadap industri gula Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membangun model ekononometrik simulasi kebijakan industri gula Indonesia yang terdiri dari 21 persamaan struktural dan 15 persamaan identitas yang diestimasi menggunakan metode <em>Two Stage Least Square</em> dengan data time series periode 1995 hingga 2016. Hasil analisis simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penurunan tarif impor gula, di satu sisi, berdampak baik karena dapat menurunkan harga gula eceran domestik, namun di sisi lain berdampak tidak baik karena menyebabkan penurunan harga gula petani dan menurunkan produksi gula domestik, meningkatkan impor gula, dan menurunkan ekspor molase. Jika sekiranya terpaksa dilakukan sebagai konsekuensi dari pelaksanaan kesepakatan kerja sama perdagangan internasional maka bauran kebijakan yang disarankan untuk menetralisasi dampak negatif penurunan tarif impor gula ialah peningkatan luas areal tanam tebu dan pembangunan pabrik gula baru.
PALEOECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF WESTERN UNITED STATES NONMARINE OSTRACODS DURING THE EOCENE–OLIGOCENE TRANSITION: THE EARLY OLIGOCENE FAUNAS OF THE RENOVA FORMATION, SOUTHWESTERN MONTANA
Authors: ANTONIETTO LUCAS S. , PARK BOUSH LISA E. , PLOTNICK ROY E. , STIGALL ALYCIA L. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe Renova Formation is a Paleogene sedimentary sequence from southwestern Montana that was deposited in a more extensive basin dominated by mid- to high altitude streams and small-lake paleoenvironments. The sediment infill was dissected during the Miocene–Pliocene into the remnants currently observed in several places, including the Upper Ruby River valley, Medicine Lodge valley and Horse Prairie. Ostracods from these early Oligocene strata belong to five genera of the suborder Cypridocopina: Amplocypris?, Candona (including the species Candona rangliensis? and Candona sp. aff. Candona ohioensis), Cyprois, Eucypris, and Paracypridopsis?. These ostracods, capable of producing drought-resistant eggs, likely inhabited fairly stable small lakes, characterized by arboreal surroundings reminiscent of forests in highland regions that were buffered against the drastic climatic variations of the late Eocene–early Oligocene transition (EOT) during the Eocene–Oligocene climatic deterioration. Further south, climatic change during the EOT, coupled with volcanic events, impacted the establishment of long-lasting, highly diverse ostracod faunas in lowland areas. The Upper Ruby River, Medicine Lodge and Horse Prairie early Oligocene deposits in southwestern Montana may have acted as refugia for Eocene ostracod genera that became extinct elsewhere or represented Lazarus taxa that would later diversify during the Miocene.
The study of court-ordered forensic psychiatric evaluations for offenders with schizophrenia with homicide charges in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Hui-Yi , Chou Yu-Ching , Chang Hsin-An , Kao Yu-Cheng , Yeh Hui-Wen , Yeh Chin-Bin , Huang San-Yuan , Chiang Wei-Shan , Tang Li-Yao , Tzeng Nian-Sheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Homicidal offenders with schizophrenia who went through psychiatric evaluations are a small but significant group during criminal appeal. However, studies regarding the criminal responsibilities of homicide offenders with specific psychiatric diagnosis such as schizophrenia were rare. Our aims are to explore as to whether the types of crime, such as homicide or not would be related to the verdicts for the alleged offenders with schizophrenia in Taiwan, since our hypothesis was that homicide cases, rather than other alleged offenses, would be more likely to be regarded as no responsibility (legal insanity) or diminished responsibility for those defendants, in the forensic psychiatric evaluation opinions or the court verdicts. Methods: A retrospective comparison of the homicide offenders with the non-homicide offenders with schizophrenia, registered between December 2000 and November 2009, was conducted in the web-based, national, open access court verdicts databank. Results: There were 33 (3.4%) in 9,691 criminal homicide offenders that had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. There were 33 in the homicide group and 22 in the non-homicide group. Among these defendants in the homicide group, three (9.09%) were regarded as legal insanity, and 21 (63.64%) were regarded as diminished responsibility, in comparison to the zero (0%) as legal insanity and nine (40.91%) as diminished responsibility in the non-homicide group (p = 0.029). In addition, the group with multiple evaluations tended to receive forensic psychiatric opinions as legal insanity (N=3; 33.33%), and the group with single evaluation tended to receive forensic psychiatric opinions as diminished responsibility (N=16; 66.67%) (p = 0.017). The group with multiple evaluations tended to be ruled as legal insanity in the court (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Homicide cases would be more likely to be regarded as legal insanity or diminished responsibility for the defendants with schizophrenia, in the forensic psychiatric evaluation opinions or the court verdicts.
Treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in a 60-year-old kidney transplant recipient – last-chance antibiotics and phage therapy
Authors: Rostkowska Olga Maria , Międzybrodzki Ryszard , Miszewska-Szyszkowska Dorota , Górski Andrzej , Durlik Magdalena 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Predictive factor for bone cement implantation syndrome in osteoporotic femoral neck fracture undergoing cemented hip arthroplasty: a retrospective review of 142 cases
Authors: Chulsomlee Kulapat , Prukviwat Sasichol , Kulachote Noratep , Sirisreetreeux Norachart , Thamyongkit Sorawut , Tuntiyatorn Panithan , Vasaruchapong Satetha , Sa-ngasoongsong Paphon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is a serious and potentially fatal complication in cemented hip arthroplasty (CHA). Although previous studies have identified patients at risk for BCIS, few studies have reported on the association between BCIS and perioperative surgical factors in patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fracture (OFNF) undergoing CHA. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of BCIS and its related outcomes, correlating between BCIS and perioperative surgical factors in these patients. Methods: A single-centred, retrospective study was conducted between 2015 and 2018 with patients who sustained OFNF and underwent CHA. Perioperative data and BCIS-related outcomes were reviewed using electronic database and telephone interview. BCIS grading was classified according to the Donaldson classification. All patients were allocated into 2 groups: Group A (BCIS grade 0 or 1: BCIS-gr0/1) and Group B (BCIS grade 2 or 3: BCIS-gr2/3). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors for BCIS-gr2/3. Results: A total of 142 OFNF patients were included. The prevalence of BCIS-gr2/3 was 6.4% (n=9). Group B showed a significantly higher major complication rate than Group A (44.4% vs. 8.3%, respectively, p<0.01). The in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates in Group B were also higher than in Group A, but non-significantly different (p=0.12 and p=0.32, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that preinjury non-ambulatory status (odds ratio [OR] 11.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–131.8, p=0.04), arrhythmia (OR 5.65; 95% CI, 1.13–28.93, p=0.04) and shape-closed femoral stem type (OR 9.78; 95% CI, 1.65–57.80, p=0.01) were the significant independent predictors for BCIS-gr2/3 in these patients. Conclusion: BCIS in OFNF patients undergoing CHA is common and associates with a high major perioperative complication rate. The patients at risk for BCIS-gr2/3 are those with poor preinjury ambulatory status, those with an underlying cardiac arrhythmia, and those whose CHA procedures use a shape-closed femoral stem design.
Digitized subwavelength surface structure on silicon platform for wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortex generation
Authors: Cao Xiaoping , Zhou Nan , Zheng Shuang , Gao Shengqian , Zhu Yuntao , He Mingbo , Cai Xinlun , Wang Jian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have recently attracted increasing interest for providing an additional degree of freedom for capacity scaling in optical communications. The optical vortex generator is an essential component to facilitate OAM-enabled optical communications. Traditional devices face challenges of limited compactness, narrow bandwidth and first-order OAM modes. Here, using the direct-binary search (DBS) optimization algorithm, we design, fabricate and demonstrate a digitized subwavelength surface structure on silicon platform for wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortex generation. It features an ultra-compact footprint (~3.6×3.6 μm 2 ) and ultra-wide bandwidth (1480-1630 nm), supporting two polarizations and high-order OAM modes (OAM +1 , OAM -1 , OAM +2 , OAM -2 ) with high purity of ~90%. The mode crosstalk matrix is measured in the experiment with favorable performance. When generating x-pol. OAM +1 , x-pol. OAM -1 , y-pol. OAM +1 and y-pol. OAM -1 , the crosstalk of the worst case is less than -14 dB. When generating OAM +1 , OAM -1 , OAM +2 and OAM -2 , the crosstalk between any two OAM modes is less than -10 dB, and the lowest crosstalk is about -17 dB. The wavelength-/polarization-/charge-diverse optical vortex generator enables the full access of multiple physical dimensions (wavelength, polarization, space) of lightwaves. The demonstrations may open up new perspectives for chip-scale solutions to multi-dimensional multiplexing optical communications.
Solid-state fermentation of corn by-products mixture feed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Lactobacillus plantarum and protease for improving protein quality and nutrient utilization
Authors: Su Weifa , Wang Cheng , Hao Lihong , Jiang Zipeng , Wang Tenghao , Zhang Tingzhou , Lu Zeqing , Wang Fengqin , Wang Yizhen , Zhang Yu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Corn germ meal (CGM) and corn gluten feed (CGF) are two main corn by-products (CBs) obtained from corn starch extraction. Due to their high fiber content, low protein content and severe imbalance of amino acid, CBs are unable to be fully utilized by animals. In this study, the effect of microorganism, proteases, temperature, solid-liquid ratio and time on nutritional properties of CBs mixture feed (CMF) was investigated with the single factor method and the response surface method to improve the nutritional quality and utilization of CBs. Results: Fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum and neutral protease notably improved the nutritional properties of CMF under the fermentation conditions of 37 °C, solid-liquid ratio ( 1.2:1 g/mL ) and 72 h. The crude protein (CP) and trichloroacetic acid soluble protein (TCA-SP) in fermented CMF (FCMF) were increased（ P < 0.05）by 14.28% and 25.53%, respectively. The in vitro digestibility of CP and total amino acids of FCMF were significantly improved to 78.53% and 74.94%, respectively. In addition, fermentation degraded fiber and provided more organic acids in the CMF. Conclusions: Our results suggest that solid-state fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Lactobacillus plantarum and protease can efficiently improve protein quality and nutrient utilization of CMF.