bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUMANIST ISLAM IN INDONESIA AHMAD SYAFII MAARIF PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Muthoifin  , Shobron Sudarno , Ab Rahman Suhaimi 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the Study: The issue focused on this study is how is the idea of the Islamic conception in the concept of humanity and Indonesianness? Whereas the purpose of this study is to reveal the perspective of Ahmad Syafii Maarif on Islam Indonesia and the concept of humanism. Methodology: The method used is qualitative, with a historical, phenomenological, biographical, sociological, and normative approach. Results: The result from this study concluded that this is no longer the time for Muslims, who are the majority in this archipelago, to question the trilogy correlation between Islam, Indonesianness, and humanity. The three conceptions must be in the same breath and rhythm so that Islam that is thriving in Indonesia is Islam that is progressive, hospitable, open and rahmatanlil ‘alamin. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: The study focused more on the description of the thinking of a figure or a person and emphasized on the process with deductive, inductive, interpretative, and comparative methods, especially on the thinking of Ahmad Syafii Maarif about the concept of Islam in the frame of Indonesianness.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IRAQI LANGUAGE WRITING PROFICIENCY ON FOREIGN LANGUAGE PERFORMANCE (ENGLISH) IN THE WRITING SKILL OF PREPARATORY SCHOOL PUPILS IN IRAQ
Authors: Kadhim Abid Aoda 
Published: December 2019

Purposes: This study aims at investigating the relationship between the Effectiveness of Iraqi Language Writing Proficiency on Foreign Language Performance (English) in the Writing Skill of Preparatory School Pupils in Iraq.
Novelty: Despite the linguistic distance between English and Arabic, it is postulated that Arabic writing skills can be transferred positively to the target language (English).
Methodology: The researchers used the composition prompt test instrument for this purpose; one test was in Arabic and the other was in English. The population was from two preparatory schools in the general directorate of Thi-Qar. The participants were 25 male students who were chosen on the basis of the students' achievement in the previous years.
Results: That is, the participants proved to be proficient writers in Arabic after they had had a pretest in which they were asked to write a short paragraph about themselves. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that there is no statistically significant relationship between the two languages. Those students who got high marks and were proficient in the Iraq language (Arabic) writing performed well in the counter skill (English).
Implication/Application: This result supports the theoretical views of Cummins' threshold hypothesis and Chomskian's Interdependence theory. The results of the study indicate that there is no need for integrating the instruction of writing skills between the two languages in textbooks so that the writing level of students in the foreign language (English) can be improved.
Evaluation for QR codes in environmental museums
Authors: Aguilera Francisco Jose Garcia , Franco Caballero Pablo Daniel 
Published: December 2019

The continued use of digital devices, such as smartphones and tablets, has substantially changed the way we communicate and acquire knowledge. Museums are a key element in our society and a source of culture. Updating the method of transmission of museum culture is needed, so technologies related to the Internet have been integrated into the exposed elements. One of the most widespread methods among innovation trends in museums is the use of Quick Response (QR) codes for the transmission of additional information to the exposed elements. The case of the Alborania Museum, being a museum of environmental education, has live animals in veterinary treatment, so the information on the available animals is constantly changing. Establishing posters would have an environmental impact that is against the museum's ethics, so QRs are the best way to present dynamic content with low environmental impact. This article proposes an evaluation of an educational innovation project in the Alborania Museum of Malaga through the Contribution Analysis, in order to verify the value of QR codes as an improvement in the transmission of environmental education. The results show a very good acceptance and usability in this museistic context. The conclusions of this study are relevant to the optimisation of environmental museum information.
Keywords: QR code, museum, evaluation, contribution analysis, ICT, environmental education.
Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Cyclic Steam Injection Process in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Ersahin Ahmet , Ertekin Turgay 
Published: December 2019

Summary
The enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology can be instrumental in achieving the maximum rate of return from a hydrocarbon reservoir. One of the widely implemented EOR methodologies is the cyclic steam injection (CSI) which is a thermal recovery process aiming to reduce the oil viscosity and increase the production in naturally fractured heavy-oil reservoirs. However, commercial software used for CSI modeling can be difficult to learn and implement, also can be time-consuming and costly. This paper describes three artificial neural network (ANN) based models that have been trained for accurate and fast CSI performance evaluation with easy implementation.
In this study, to model the CSI process, a commercial numerical model is used synchronously with the ANN models. Our goal is to discuss smart proxy models’ mimicking ability of the commonly used numerical models. Three ANN models have been trained with different network topologies, and transfer functions using a data set consists of 1,428 cases:
Forward model: to predict performance indicators and viscosity contours. Inverse Model 1: to predict CSI design parameters. Inverse Model 2: to predict significant reservoir properties.
The results from the trained ANN models have been compared with the results generated by the available commercial software. It was observed that ANN models can provide the results within a few seconds while it takes more than 30 minutes in some cases for the commercial software. The computational time for the numerical model being extensive, the number of trials to be conducted to find the optimum parameters for the CSI operations can be prohibitively expensive. The trained ANN-based models are capable of providing results within a rather low error margin. The developed ANN-based models are controlled by a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI), which decreases the time expended on learning and executing the software.
The Prevalence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Based on Individual and Clinical Parameters in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Shaygannejad Vahid , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Gharaagozlou Marjan Mansourian , Hajhashemi Valiollah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from bladder dysfunction during the course of the disease. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of these complications among patients with MS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 602 patients with MS who referred to the neurology clinics of Kashani and Alzahra Hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Multistage random cluster sampling was performed and the informed consent form was signed by the subjects. Then, all the data were collected through interviews using the Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score (LUTSS) developed in accordance with the definitions presented by the International Continence Society (ICS) and the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and DASS-21 questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS. Results: The prevalence rate of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was 87.6% among all the subjects, with a similar rate among women (88.0%) and men (86.0%). There was a significant difference between men and women in terms of the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), intermittent urine flow, hesitancy, straining, and dribbling (P < 0.050). There was no significant difference between women and men in terms of the prevalence of other symptoms (P > 0.050). A significant difference was observed in the degree of LUTS with age, marital status, marriage duration, education, illness duration, clinical course, disability, anxiety, depression, and stress (P < 0.05). Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a higher probability of a urinary problems among patients with MS and a high EDSS score [0.67 (0.507-0.903), P = 0.008]. Conclusions: A high prevalence of LUTS was found among patients with MS. There was a higher probability of a urinary tract problem among patients with MS and a high EDSS score. Therefore, it is recommended that the health system take the necessary measures regarding timely detection and treatment of LUTS among these patients in order to prevent secondary outcomes and improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients with MS. Keywords: Multiple sclerosis, prevalence, urinary symptoms
Daily Almond Consumption in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention via LDL-C Change in the U.S. Population: a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Wang Jifan , Bravatti Michelle A. Lee , Johnson Elizabeth J. , Raman Gowri 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the health claim that 1.5 ounces (42.5 grams) of nut intake may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have focused on the cost-effectiveness of other foods or dietary factors on primary cardiovascular disease prevention, yet not in almond consumption. This study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of almond consumption in cardiovascular disease primary prevention. Perspective & Setting This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of consuming 42.5 grams of almond from the U.S. healthcare sector perspective. Methods A decision model was developed for 42.5 grams of almond per day versus no almond consumption and cardiovascular disease in the U.S. population. Parameters in the model were derived from the literature, which included the probabilities of increasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, developing acute myocardial infarction and stroke, treating acute myocardial infarction, dying from the disease and surgery, as well as the costs of the disease and procedures in the U.S. population, and the quality-adjusted life years. The cost of almonds was based on the current price in the U.S. market. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for different levels of willingness-to-pay, the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, ten-year risk prevention, different costs of procedures and almond prices, and patients with or without cardiovascular disease. Results The almond strategy had $363 lower cost and 0.02 higher quality-adjusted life years gain compared to the non-almond strategy in the base-case model. The annual net monetary benefit of almond consumption was $1,421 higher per person than no almond consumption, when the willingness to pay threshold was set at $50,000 for annual health care expenditure. Almond was more cost-effective than non-almond in cardiovascular disease prevention in all the sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Consuming 42.5 grams of almonds per day is a cost-effective approach to prevent cardiovascular disease in the short term and potentially in the long term.
Dietary practices and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Yeshalem , Alem Getu Degu , Belachew Tefera 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Optimal dietary practice is a critical requisite for maternal nutrition. However, the majority of Ethiopian pregnant women have inadequate nutrient intakes. These may be due to their poor dietary habits. Identifying factors affecting the dietary practices of pregnant women is crucial to design appropriate interventions. In this country, the dietary practices of pregnant women and determinants are not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the dietary practices and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 712 pregnant women from May to August 2018. Quantitative data complemented with a qualitative method. Pregnant women were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Structured questionnaires were utilized for data collection. Data were entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 software for analysis. Data were described using frequencies and mean. A logistic regression analysis was done. For the qualitative data, three focus group discussions and 17 key-informant interviews were conducted. Focus group discussion participants were mothers, husbands and health professionals. Typical case and homogeneous sampling techniques were used for the key-informant interviews and focus group discussions, respectively. Qualitative data were collected using interview and focus group discussion guides. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. Results: Only 19.9% of respondents had appropriate dietary practices. On the multivariable logistic regression analyses, being food secure [AOR=2.25, 95% CI: (1.1, 4.5)], having high edible crop production [AOR=2.00, 95% CI: (1.2, 3.2)] and favorable attitude [AOR=1.69, 95% CI: (1.1, 2.6)] were significantly associated with the appropriate dietary practices of pregnant women. In the qualitative study lack of knowledge on maternal diet, cultural prohibition and knowledge gap of professionals were barriers that interfere with dietary practices during pregnancy. Conclusion: Pregnant women in the study area are found to have suboptimal dietary practices. Therefore, health professionals should give regular nutrition counseling using cards and role models for promoting diversified food production and consumption to meet the nutrient requirements during pregnancy.
Evolutionary history of two cryptic species of Northern African jerboas
Authors: Moutinho Ana Filipa , Serén Nina , Paupério Joana , Silva Teresa Luísa , Martínez-Freiría Fernando , Sotelo Graciela , Faria Rui , Mappes Tapio , Alves Paulo Célio , Brito José Carlos , Boratyński Zbyszek 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that complex paleoclimatic and geological events help shape species distributions, thus affecting their evolutionary history. In Sahara-Sahel, climatic oscillations shifted the desert extent during the Pliocene-Pleistocene interval, triggering the diversification of several species. Here, we investigated how these biogeographical and ecological events have shaped patterns of genetic diversity and divergence in African Jerboas, desert specialist species. We focused on two sister and cryptic species, Jaculus jaculus and J. hirtipes , where we (1) evaluated their genetic differentiation, (2) reconstructed their evolutionary and demographic history; (3) tested the level of gene flow between them, and (4) assessed their ecological niche divergence. Results The analyses based on 231 individuals sampled throughout North Africa, 8 sequence fragments (one mitochondrial and seven single copy nuclear DNA, including two candidate genes for fur coloration: MC1R and Agouti ), 6 microsatellite markers and ecological modelling revealed: (1) two distinct genetic lineages with overlapping distributions, in agreement with their classification as different taxa, J. jaculus and J. hirtipes , with (2) low levels of gene flow and strong species delimitation, (3) high genetic diversity but no apparent geographic population structure within species, suggesting long-distance migration between remote locations, and (4) low level of large-scale ecological divergence between the two taxa, suggesting species micro-habitat specialization. Conclusions Overall, our results suggest a speciation event that occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition. The contemporary distribution of genetic variation suggests ongoing population expansions, demonstrating the ability of these species for fast and long-range dispersal. Despite the largely overlapping distributions at a macrogeographic scale, our genetic results suggest that the two species remain reproductively isolated, as only negligible levels of gene flow were observed. The overlapping ecological preferences at a macro-geographic scale and the ecological divergence at the micro-habitat scale suggest that local adaptation may have played a crucial role in the speciation process of these species.
The Application of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Zhen-Dong , Gu Hui-Yun , Zhu Jie , Luo Jie , Shen Xian-Feng , Deng Qi-Feng , Zhang Chao , Li Yan-Bing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has made great progress in the field of surgery, the guidelines point to the lack of high-quality evidence in upper gastrointestinal surgery. Methods : Randomized controlled trials in four electronic databases that involved ERAS protocols for upper gastrointestinal surgery were searched through December 12, 2018. The primary endpoints were lung infection, urinary tract infection, surgical site infection, postoperative anastomotic leakage and ileus. The secondary endpoints were postoperative length of stay, the time from end of surgery to first flatus and defecation, and readmission rates. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of surgery. Results : A total of 17 studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis indicate that there was a decrease in rates of lung infection ( RR =0.50, 95%CI: 0.33 to 0.75 ), postoperative length of stay ( MD =-2.53, 95%CI: -3.42 to -1.65 ) , time until first postoperative flatus ( MD =-0.64, 95%CI: -0.84 to -0.45 ) and time until first postoperative defecation ( MD =-1.10, 95%CI: -1.74 to -0.47 ) in patients who received ERAS, compared to conventional care . However, other outcomes were not significant difference. There was no significant difference between ERAS and conventional care in rates of urinary tract infection (P=0.10), surgical site infection (P=0.42), postoperative anastomotic leakage (P=0.45), readmissions (P=0.31) and ileus (P =0.25). Conclusions : ERAS protocols can reduce the risk of postoperative lung infection and accelerating patient recovery time. Nevertheless, we should also consider further research ERAS should be performed undergoing gastrectomy and esophagectomy.
Transcriptomic analysis of the testicular fusion in Spodoptera litura
Authors: Chen Yaqing , Ou Jun , Liu Yucheng , Wu Qiong , Wen Liang , Zheng Sichun , Li Sheng , Feng Qili , Liu Lin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Lepidoptera is one group of the largest plant-feeding insects and Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most serious agricultural pests in Asia countries. An interesting and unique phenomenon for gonad development of Lepidoptera is the testicular fusion. Two separated testes fused into a single one during the larva-to-pupa metamorphosis, which is believed to contribute to sperm production and the prevalence in field. To study the molecular mechanism of the testicular fusion, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) experiments of the testes from 4-day-old sixth instar larvae (L6D4) (before fusion), 6-day-old sixth instar larvae (L6D6, prepupae) (on fusing) and 4-day-old pupae (P4D) (after fusion) of S. litura were performed.Results RNA-seq data of the testes showed that totally 12,339 transcripts were expressed at L6D4, L6D6 and P4D stages. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated from L6D4 to L6D6, and then more genes were down-regulated from L6D6 to P4D. The DEGs mainly belongs to the genes related to the 20E signal transduction pathway, transcription factors, chitin metabolism related enzymes, the families of cytoskeleton proteins, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, ECM-related protein, its receptor integrins and ECM-remodeling enzymes. The expression levels of these genes that were up-regulated significantly during the testicular fusion were verified by qRT-PCR. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were found to be the main enzymes related to the ECM degradation and to contribute to the testicular fusion. The testis was not able to fuse if MMPs inhibitor GM6001 was injected into the 5th abdomen region.Conclusions The transcriptome and DEGs analysis of the testes at L6D4, L6D6, P4D stages provided genes expression information related to the testicular fusion in S. litura . These results indicated that cytoskeleton proteins, ECM-integrin interaction genes and ECM-related proteins was involved in cell migration, adhesion and fusion during the testicular fusion. The ECM degradation enzymes MMPs probably play a critical role in the fusion of testis.
Cross-sectional study of associations between normal body weight with central obesity and hyperuricemia in Japan
Authors: Shirasawa Takako , Ochiai Hirotaka , Yoshimoto Takahiko , Nagahama Satsue , Watanabe Akihiro , Yoshida Reika , Kokaze Akatsuki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Several studies have shown that normal weight with central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. However, the relationship between NWCO and hyperuricemia has not been studied in detail. Methods We investigated the association between NWCO and hyperuricemia among Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations between April 2013 and March 2014. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m 2 and central obesity was determined as a waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥0.5. We classified the participants into the following groups based according to having obesity and central obesity: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 ) without (NW; WHtR <0.5) and with (NWCO) central obesity, and obesity without (OB) and with (OBCO) central obesity. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid >7.0 and ≥6.0 mg/dL in men and women, respectively, or under medical treatment for hyperuricemia. Alcohol intake was classified as yes (daily and occasional consumption) and none (no alcohol consumption). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hyperuricemia were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results We analyzed data derived from 96,863 participants (69,241 men and 27,622 women). The prevalences of hyperuricemia in men and women were respectively, 21.4% and 11.0%, and of participants with NWCO respectively 15.6% and 30.0%. The adjusted OR for hyperuricemia was significantly increased in OBCO compared with NW, regardless of sex (men: OR, 2.12; 95%CI; 2.03-2.21; women: OR, 3.54; 95%CI, 3.21-3.90) and were statistically significant in NWCO compared with NW (men: OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.36-1.52; women: OR, 1.41; 95%CI, 1.27-1.57). The results were similar regardless of alcohol consumption. Conclusions We found that NWCO and OBCO were associated with hyperuricemia in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Middle-aged Japanese adults with normal weight but having central obesity should be screened using a combination of BMI and WHtR and educated about how to prevent hyperuricemia.