bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Glycated Haemoglobin Based on Routine Blood Count Tests to Support the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Cardozo Glauco , Andreis Guilherme Rettore , Cossul Sandra , Lopes Annelise Correa Wengerkievicz , Nassar Silvia Modesto , Marques Jefferson Luis Brum 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Currently 8.8% of the World's population aged from 20 to 79 have diabetes mellitus (DM); of this total is estimated that 50% have not been diagnosed and do not know they have the disease. The most common laboratory tests used for diagnosis include blood glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The HbA1c test has advantages over FPG, therefore being recommended in diagnoses of DM. Early diagnoses are essential to prevent complications caused by DM; however, the symptoms of the initial stage are present in only 40% of the carriers, symptomless carriers oddly pursue the DM test. In a lifetime patients performs a series of laboratory exams for health analysis which is stored as laboratory data, the computational approach offers enormous potential in health data analysis discovering relevant results overlooked by physicians. Use machine learn approach on data stored of routine blood count laboratory tests to predict HbA1c diagnosis.
Method:

Using laboratory results from data stored of HbA1c, was formed six data groups composed of individuals: healthy and pre-diabetic (HP); healthy and diabetic (HD); pre-diabetic and diabetic (PD); healthy and non-healthy (HN); non-diabetic and diabetic (ND); and healthy, pre-diabetic and diabetic (HPD) patients. For each data group, was tested the K nearest neighbours (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), naive Bayes (NB) and artificial neural network (ANN) models. Assessment of model performance was carried out using sensitivity, specificity, precision and negative prediction.
Results

The KNN model applied to the ND group had the best performance in the diagnosis of diabetes, resulting in a sensitivity value of 53.6% and an accuracy of 90.1%. The classification after regression with the neural network model (ANNr) and the ND group had a more general result, with a sensitivity of 74.3% and an accuracy of 77.2%. Analysing only the values for the regression, the neural network model presented a mean square error of 0.36 for the final test base with a correlation of 0.85.
Conclusions

We conclude that machine learning-based computational models can predict HbA1c values from other routine laboratory tests. Thus, they can assist in the detection of diabetes and act as a warning for undiagnosed cases.
Actuation system of the ankle exoskeleton T-FLEX: first use experimental validation in people with stroke
Authors: Gomez-Vargas Daniel , Ballen-Moreno Felipe , Barria Patricio , Aguilar Rolando , Azorín José M. , Munera Marcela , Cifuentes Carlos A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Robotic devices can provide physical assistance to people who have suffered neurological impairments such as stroke. Neurological disorders related to this condition induce abnormal gait patterns, which harm the independence to execute different Activities of Daily Living (ADL). From the fundamental role of the ankle in walking, Active Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AAFOs) have been developed to enhance the users' gait patterns, and hence, their quality of life.Methods: Ten patients who suffered stroke used the actuation system of the T-FLEX orthosis triggered by an inertial sensor on the foot tip. The VICON motion capture system recorded the users' kinematics for unassisted and assisted gait modalities. Biomechanical analysis and usability assessment measured the performance of the system actuation for the participants in overground walking. Results: The biomechanical assessment exhibited changes in the range of motion of the lower joints for $70\%$ of the subjects. Moreover, the ankle kinematics showed a correlation with the variation of other movements analyzed. This variation had positive effects on 70\% of the participants in at least one joint. The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) presented significant changes for 30\% of the paretic limbs, where one volunteer increased this index in 14\%. The spatiotemporal parameters did not show significant variations between modalities, although users' cadence had a decrease. Lastly, the satisfaction with the device was positive, being the comfort the most users-selected aspect.Conclusions: This article presented the assessment of the T-FLEX actuation system in people who suffered stroke. Biomechanical results showed improvement in the ankle kinematic and variation in the other joints. In general terms, GDI did not exhibit significant changes, and Movement Analysis Profile (MAP) registered the main movements altered by the device. Future works should focus on assessing the full T-FLEX orthosis in a larger sample of patients that includes a stage of training.Trial registration: This study was registered as Preliminary Biomechanical and Usability Study of an Active Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Stroke Survivors on 30 January 2020 in Clinical Trials with the identi er No NCT04249349 (available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04249349).
Risk Areas for Tuberculosis Among Children and Their Inequalities in a City from Southeast Brazil.
Authors: Alves Yan Mathias , Berra Thais Zamboni , Alves Luana Seles , de Assis Ivaneliza Simionato , Arcoverde Marcos Augusto Moraes , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Arroyo Luiz Henrique , Campoy Laura Terenciani , Bruce Alexandre Tadashi Inomata , Santos Felipe Lima dos , Souza Ludmilla Leideanne Limírio , Crispim Juliane de Almeida , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDAccording to the World Health Organization, there are approximately one million cases of tuberculosis in the world's child population, and the disease is responsible for 130.000 deaths per year, which makes tuberculosis one of the top 10 causes of death in children in the world. The objective of the study was to identify areas of risk for the appearance of tuberculosis in children and their association with social inequalities in a municipality in southeastern Brazil.METHODSEcological study conducted in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. To identify areas of spatial risk for tuberculosis in children, we use the technique of spatial scanning statistics. To analyze the association of cases of childhood tuberculosis with social vulnerability, the Social Vulnerability Index of São Paulo was used and four explanatory statistical models were listed.RESULTS96 cases of childhood tuberculosis were reported, of which 90 were geocoded. A risk area was identified in the municipality, where children under 15 years old have 3.14 times more risk of contracting tuberculosis than outside this area. Of the models tested, the Zero-Inflated Poisson probability distribution was the one that best suited the nature of the variables. The variables identified as risk factors were: number of private and collective households; Proportion of children aged 0 to 5 in the population; Proportion of households without per capita income; Proportion of private households with monthly nominal incomes of up to 1/4 minimum wages. The variables identified as possible protection factors, there was a proportion of women responsible for the household under 30 and an average income of women responsible for the household.CONCLUSIONThe study showed areas of risk for the occurrence of tuberculosis in children. Although the study was conducted in a city with satisfactory social indicators, income distribution is quite uneven, as the findings reveal. The study is in line with the End TB Strategy and the 2030 agenda, which aims to support strategic actions and, therefore, save the lives of children through the systematic, intensified and comprehensive search of children with tuberculosis respiratory symptoms in the community.
Combination of Biomarker with Clinical Risk Factors for Prediction of Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically ill Patients
Authors: Jia Lan , Sheng Xiaohua , Zamperetti Anna , Xie Yun , Corradi Valentina , Chandel Shikha , De Cal Massimo , Montin Diego Pomarè , Caprara Carlotta , Ronco Claudio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occur commonly in the intensive care unit (ICU). Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), known as [TIMP-2] x [IGFBP7] (NephroCheck), have been identified as novel biomarkers for the prediction of AKI risk. However, disease biomarkers require appropriate clinical context to be used effectively. We conducted a cohort study to find risk factors and assess the performance of the combination of NephroCheck with risk factors would provide feasible information for AKI prediction.Methods: All patients who admitted in the ICU (June 2016 to July 2017) participated in the study. The primary outcome was severe AKI within the first 7 days of the ICU. The predictors were separated into 3 categories: chronic risk factors, acute risk factors and biochemical indicators. Results: The study included 577 patients. 96 patients developed to severe AKI (16.6%) within 7 days. In addition to NephroCheck (+) (OR=2.139, 95% CI (1.260-3.630), P =0.005), age >65 years (OR=1.961, 95% CI (1.153-3.336), P=0.013), CKD (OR=2.573, 95% CI (1.319-5.018), P=0.006) and PCT (+)(OR=3.223, 95% CI (1.643-6.321), P=0.001) were also the independent predictor of severe AKI within 7 days. Compared to NephroCheck (+) only (AUC=0.66, 95% CI:0.60-0.72), the combination of NephroCheck (+) and risk factors (age>65years, CKD and PCT positive) (AUC=0.75, 95% CI:0.70-0.81) led to a significant increase in the area under ROC curve for severe AKI prediction within 7 days.Conclusions: Although NephroCheck is an effective screening tool for recognizing patients at high risk, we found that combination with biomarker and risk factors (age>65years, CKD, procalcitonin positive) for risk assessment of AKI has the greatest significance for patients with uncertain disease trajectories.
The Reliability of Maternal Audit Instruments to Assign Cause of Death in Maternal Deaths Review Process: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cahyanti Ratnasari Dwi , Widyawati Widyawati , Hakimi Mohammad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal Death Reviews (MDR) can assist in formulating prevention strategies to reduce maternal mortality. To support MDR, an adequate MDR instrument is required to accurately identify the underlying causes of maternal deaths. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the reliability of maternal death instruments for conducting the MDR process.Method: Three databases: PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO were systematically searched to identify related research articles published between January 2005 and July 2019. The review and meta-analysis involved identification of measurement tools to conduct MDR in all or part of maternal audit. Eligibiliy and quality of studies were evaluated using the Modified Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability (QAREL) Checklist: Reliability Studies.Results: Overall, 242 articles were retrieved and 17 articles were selected for full-text review. Six articles examined the instrument used for MDR in 4 countries consisting of 4 articles on verbal autopsy (VA) and 2 articles on facility-based MDR. None of studies identified reliability in evaluation instruments assessing maternal audit cycle as a comprehensive approach. The pooled kappa for the MDR instruments was 0.72 (95%CI:0.43-0.99; p<0.001) with considerable heterogeneity (I²=96.19%; p<0.001). Subgroup analysis of MDR instruments showed pooled kappa in VA of 0.89 (95%CI:0.52-1.25) and facility-based MDR of 0.48 (95%CI:0.15-0.82). Meta-regression analysis tended to show the high heterogeneity was likely associated with sample sizes, regions, and year of publications.Conclusions: The MDR instruments appear feasible. Variation of the instruments suggest the need for judicious selection of MDR instruments by considering the study population and assessment during the target periods.
Cardiac radiation dose predicts survival in esophageal cancer treated by definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Pao Tzu-Hui , Chang Wei-Lun , Chiang Nai-Jung , Chang Jeffrey Shu-Ming , Lin Chia-Ying , Lai Wu-Wei , Tseng Yau‐Lin , Yen Yi‐Ting , Chung Ta-Jung , Lin Forn-Chia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The prognostic significance of cardiac radiation dose in esophageal cancer after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) without surgery remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiac dose-volume parameters and overall survival (OS) in esophageal cancer after definitive CCRT.
Methods
A total of 121 consecutive esophageal cancer patients undergoing definitive CCRT between 2008 and 2018 were reviewed. Dose-volume parameters of the heart were calculated. Survival of patients and cumulative incidence of adverse events were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared between groups by the log-rank test. The prognostic significance of cardiac dose-volume parameters was determined with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.
Results
Median follow-up was 16.2 months (range, 4.3-109.3). Median OS was 18.4 months. Heart V5, V10, and V20 were independent prognostic factors of OS. The median heart V5, V10, and V20 were 94.3%, 86.4%, and 76.9%, respectively. Median OS was longer for patients with heart V5 ≤ 94.3% (24.7 vs. 16.3 months, p = 0.0025), heart V10 ≤ 86.4% (24.8 vs. 16.9 months, p = 0.0041), and heart V20 ≤ 76.9% (20.0 vs. 17.2 months, p = 0.047). Moreover, lower cumulative incidence of symptomatic cardiac adverse events was observed among patients with heart V5 ≤ 94.3% (p = 0.017), heart V10 ≤ 86.4% (p = 0.02), and heart V20 ≤ 76.9% (p = 0.0057). The patients without symptomatic cardiac adverse events had a higher 3-year OS rate (33.8% vs. 0%, p = 0.03).
Conclusions
Cardiac radiation dose was inversely correlated with survival in esophageal cancer treated by definitive CCRT. Radiation dose to the heart should be minimized.
More Active Internet-Search on Google and Twitter Posting for COVID-19 Corresponds with Lower Infection Rate in the 50 U.S. States
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Gloor Peter 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to rage worldwide, the United States has become the most affected country with more than 2.5 million total confirmed cases up to now (June 2, 2020). In this work, we investigate the predictive power of online social media and Internet search for the COVID-19 pandemic among 50 U.S. states. By collecting the state-level daily trends through both Twitter and Google Trends, we observe a high but state-different lag correlation with the number of daily confirmed cases. We further find that the predictive accuracy measured by the correlation coefficient is positively correlated to a state’s demographic, air traffic volume and GDP development. Most importantly, we show that a state’s early infection rate is negatively correlated with the lag to the previous peak in Internet search and tweeting about COVID-19, indicating that the earlier the collective awareness on Twitter/Google in a state, the lower is the infection rate.
Formulation and In Vivo Evaluation of Ticagrelor Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Aparna Adella , Kumar Yamsani Shravan , Bhikshapathi Darna V.R.N. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Ticagrelor (TGR), being an antiplatelet agent, belongs to BCS class IV
drug with low solubility and permeability that undergoes first-pass metabolism, leading to reduced
bioavailability of 36%.

Objective:
The main objective of this study is to develop TGR SNEDDS for enhancing solubility
and oral bioavailability.

Methods:
An oil, surfactant and co-surfactant (miglyol 810, brij 35 and lauro glycol FCC) are chosen
based on the maximum solubility of TGR. The selected vehicles are mixed in different ratios
and are agitated mildly. Transmittance values that are more than 80 were noted and are used for
constructing pseudo ternary phase diagram. Formulations that passed stability testing were evaluated
for % transmission, drug content and in vitro drug release analysis. In vivo bioavailability
studies of optimized SNEDDS are performed in Wistar rats.

Results:
From evaluation studies of TGR, formulation F13 with maximum drug release of 98.99%
in 60 minutes, that is higher than 31.99% of the pure drug is considered as an optimised formulation.
The particle size, Z average and zeta potential of the optimized TGR formulation F13 was
289.6 nm, 185.1 nm and -18.3 mV respectively. The FTIR and SEM studies do not indicate any
drug excipient interaction and confirm nano size which is stable for 3 months. From in vivo bioavailability
studies in rats, the Cmax of optimized TGR SNEDDS (302.43±4.78 ng/ml) is higher than
pure TGR suspension (47.32±2.75 ng/ml) and optimized SNEDDS exhibited 5 folds increase in
oral bioavailability when compared to pure drug.

Conclusion:
Hence the results reveal that, application of SNEDDS formulation technique for TGR
Increases solubility and oral bioavailability.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMPOWERMENT, INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION AND JOB INVOLVEMENT TOWARD EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH WORK MOTIVATION
Authors: SILALAHI ELVIE MARIA , Sembiring Hendri Sembirinng 
Published: July 2020

The research is to analyze the influence of empowerment, interpersonal communication job involvement, on performance employee’s performance, through work motivations. Sample in this research totaled 101 employee’s. Sampling techniques using census method with saturated sampling technique, so the whole population is used as a sample.Variable this research consisting empowerment, interpesonal communication, job involvement, work motivation, employee’s performance. Data collection methods used were questionnaires. Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis using SPSS 24. The results showed direct influence on employee’s performance indicates empowerment and job involvement are supported, but for interpesonal communication is not supported. The Results of research indirect effect on employee’s performance through work motivation showed empowerment dan job involvement are not supported, but interpersonal communication supported. This research is expected to be beneficial for PT. Leo Hupindo to improve employee performance. Keywords : Empowerment, Interpesonal Communication, Job involvement, Work Motivation, Employee’s Performance
Metanephric adenoma of the right kidney: a challenging diagnosis in a 49-year-old female
Authors: Nikolina Stavrinou , Aikaterini Roidou , Georgia Mitropoulou , Georgios Liadakis , Provatas Ioannis 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Metanephric adenoma of the kidney is a rare, usually solitary, and benign tumor of the kidney, predominately affecting female patients in the fifth or sixth decade of life. It is considered by some specialists to be the hyperdifferentiated benign end of the Wilm’s tumor spectrum.

Case presentation:
The case was a 49-year-old woman with abdominal pain, a palpable mass in the right abdomen, and mild hematuria, without any other symptoms or laboratory findings. An ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a tumor in the upper pole of the right kidney with a diameter of 5.3 cm. There was no infiltration of the neighboring structures and tissues. The differential diagnosis included papillary renal cell carcinoma, adult Wilm’s tumor, and metanephric adenoma. A partial nephrectomy was followed. The histological examination of the tumor revealed relatively small unvarying basophilic epithelial cells with scant cytoplasm, uniform nuclei, and some areas with nuclear grooves, delicate chromatin, and indistinct nucleoli in a loose non-cellular stroma and developed in a tightly packed alveolar, tubular, and rarely papillary pattern. The mitotic rate was extremely low. Tumor cells were positive for paired box gene 8, cluster differentiation 57, and Wilm’s tumor 1 and negative for racemase, cytokeratin 7, and EMA. The cell proliferation rate Ki-67 was extremely low, and there was diffuse, strong cytoplasmic positivity for BRAF V600E staining. Based on morphology and immunohistochemistry, the diagnosis of metanephric adenoma was made.

Conclusion:
Although metanephric adenomas may be difficult to diagnose clinically, the histological examination and the immunohistochemistry assay, including BRAF V600 staining, can make a safe diagnosis, avoiding the administration of incorrect treatment.
Interpretasi Terhadap Sloka 40 Kitab Sarasamuscaya Tentang Visi Misi Pandita Masa Depan
Authors: Girinata I Made 
Published: July 2020

<p>Pandita is someone who has gone through a dwijati or madiksa ceremony. Pandita duty is very important and absolute in Hinduism which even though it is difficult but Pandita duty is very noble and has moral obligations. In the face of increasingly complex developments, pandita should have credible abilities so they can compete with other religions. As the most important thing Pandita must still be able to maintain the value of her holiness by practicing the swadharma of dignity. Likewise, the community members, besides demanding that the purity of sulinggih be always maintained, should also be able to guarantee the lives and rights of Pandita / Sulinggih.</p>
KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEPEMILIKAN AKTA PERKAWINAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 1974 (STUDI PADA MASYARAKAT DI BANJAR PASTI)
Authors: Laksmi Danyathi Ayu Putu 
Published: July 2020

Indonesia as a State of Law, has some rules about marriage that is Law Number 1 Year 1974. Marriage is legitimate if it is according to the laws of their each religion and belief. Furthermore, there is also an obligation to register their marriage. Pasti is the name of a banjar that located in Pandak Gede Village, Kediri District, Tabanan Regency, Province of Bali. To prove that the marriage existed, Pasti’s citizens must have a Marriage Act. This research aims to determine the level of community legal awareness in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership, and to know and examine the factors that affect it. This research uses empirical juridical approach method, that is using the existing factual approach by way of observation and research in the field, then studied and reviewed based on relevant legislation as a reference to solve the problem. Based on the research, it is found that the level of community legal awareness in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership based on Law Number 1 Year 1974 regarding Marriage is relatively high. This can be proved by the following indicators : (a). The high level of community law knowledge in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. (b). The high level of community law understanding in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. (c). The high level of community legal attitude in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. (d). The high level of community legal behavior patterns in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership. The Factors influencing the community legal awareness in Banjar Pasti on marriage certificate ownership under Law Number 1 Year 1974 regarding Marriage, that is : Level of education, Age and Sex.