bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of sleep and neurochemical biomarkers in synaptic plasticity related to neurological and psychiatric disorders: A scoping review
Authors: Embang Johann Emilio Gonzales , Tan Ying Hui Valerie , Ng Yu Xuan , Loyola Gerard Jude Ponce , Wong Lik‐Wei , Guo Yuqing , Dong Yanhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSleep is vital for maintaining physical and mental well‐being, impacting cognitive functions like memory and learning through neuroplasticity. Sleep disturbances prevalent in neurological and psychiatric disorders exacerbate cognitive decline, imposing societal burdens. Exploring the relationship between sleep and neuroplasticity elucidates the mechanisms influencing cognition, particularly amidst the prevalent sleep disturbances in these clinical populations. While existing reviews provide valuable insights, gaps remain in understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying sleep and cognitive function. This scoping review aims to investigate the characteristic patterns of sleep parameters and neurochemical biomarkers in reflecting neuroplasticity changes related to neurological and psychiatric disorders and to explore how these markers interact and influence cognition at the molecular level. Studies involving adults and older adults were included, excluding animal models and the paediatric population. Selected studies explored the relationship between sleep parameter or neurochemical biomarker changes and cognitive impairment, reflecting underlying neuroplasticity changes. Peer‐reviewed articles, clinical trials, theses, and dissertations in English were included while excluding secondary research and non‐peer‐reviewed sources. A three‐step search strategy was executed following the updated Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Published studies were retrieved from nine databases, grey literature, expert recommendations, and hand‐searching of the included studies' bibliography. A basic qualitative content synthesis of 34 studies was conducted per JBI's scoping review guidance. Slow‐wave and Rapid‐Eye Movement sleep, sleep spindles, sleep cycle disruption, K‐Complex(KC) density, Hippocampal sEEG, BDNF, IL‐6, iNOS mRNA expression, plasma serotonin, CSF Aβ‐42, t‐tau and p‐tau proteins, and serum cortisol revealed associations with cognitive dysfunction. Examining the relationship between sleep parameters, neurochemical biomarkers, and cognitive function reveals neuronal mechanisms that guide potential therapeutic interventions and enhance quality patient care.image
Sugar coating cartoons for girls: Gender stereotypical themes and the use of food in toy‐tied media
Authors: Setten Eric , Cornwell T. Bettina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractToy‐tied media (TTM) are promotional vehicles for toys and other merchandise depicting featured characters. Across two studies, this research finds significant differences in plot themes and the frequency and types of foods present in TTM based on target gender. Study 1 uses content analysis to understand how foods (especially sweets) are utilized to show nurturance and domesticity in girls' TTM while a focus on violence in boys' TTM minimizes the plot relevance of food. Study 2 uses automated text analysis on 1041 h of TTM transcripts to quantify the occurrence of select food categories and themes. Study 2 finds that sweets occur eight times more frequently in girls' TTM than in boys' TTM and that sweets occur five times more frequently in TTM rated appropriate for viewers six and under compared to TTM rated for older viewers. The findings suggest the need for intervention and potential interventions are discussed.
The Efficacy of Non‐Cultured Epidermal Cell Suspension and Excimer Lamps Combination Therapy in Vitiligo: Results of 18 Months Follow‐Up
Authors: Hoang Van Tam , Parsad Davinder , Van Thuong Nguyen , Thi Phuong Hoang , Hong Son Nguyen , Thu Hien Do Thi , Manh Tan Nguyen , Thanh Hien Le , Thu Hien Tran Thi , Huu Doanh Le 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundResearch on evaluating the efficacy of non‐cultured epidermal cell suspension (NCECS) combined with excimer lamps for the treatment of vitiligo is currently unavailable. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of this combination in treating vitiligo.MethodsA prospective, controlled study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2024. Patients with stable vitiligo were randomly assigned into groups 1 (NCECS combined with excimer lamps) or 2 (NCECS alone). All patients were followed up 18 months after the procedure. Treatment effectiveness and adverse events were recorded.ResultsSixty patients were randomly assigned to groups 1 (30 patients) and 2 (30 patients). A total of 33.3% of patients in group 1 achieved 100% repigmentation, significantly higher than the 6.7% in group 2 (p‐value = 0.021). Meanwhile, 63.3% of patients in group 1 achieved ≥ 90% repigmentation, higher than the 50% in group 2 but not statistically significant (p‐value = 0.435). The mean time to initial repigmentation in group 1 (2.35 ± 0.575 weeks) was significantly shorter than in group 2 (2.72 ± 0.665 weeks) (p‐value = 0.003). Both groups demonstrated a similar rate of good color match, but group 1 exhibited a lower incidence of the halo phenomenon. A total of 23.3% of patients in group 1 experienced mild erythema, which spontaneously resolved in a few days.ConclusionsThe combination of NCECS and excimer lamps can substantially stimulate the onset of repigmentation and enhance 100% repigmentation compared to NCECS monotherapy. Excimer lamps may reduce the incidence of the halo phenomenon.
A rare case of numerous parasitic myomas after laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Fujita Kazuhisa , Tsukada Kazuhiko , Utsumi Fumi , Sugihara Kazuhiro , Urano Makoto , Shibata Kiyosumi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractParasitic myoma is a relatively rare disease in which one or more leiomyomas form outside the uterus; however, the detailed causes are unknown. Few sporadic reports are available, and per our research, the maximum number of parasitic myomas reported to date was 26, and almost all cases were treated by surgical resection. We report a rare case of numerous parasitic myomas in the abdominal cavity, possibly including an intrathoracic lesion, which could not be resected completely. The patient was a 42‐year‐old, gravid 2, para 0, artificially aborted 2, and not yet menopausal woman. She had undergone laparoscopic myomectomy at a different hospital 6 years prior. Laparoscopically, numerous hard white masses, ranging from 1 mm to approximately 55 mm in size, were found in the abdominal cavity. The masses were particularly numerous in the omentum and mesentery but were also found on the diaphragm, abdominal peritoneum, and intestinal surface. The patient was pathologically diagnosed with multiple benign leiomyomas. On computed tomography, a similar nodule was observed in the right lower lobe of the lung. Despite using in‐bag morcellation, as in this case, numerous parasitic myomas occurred, suggesting that greater caution should be exercised when explaining laparoscopic myomectomy to patients.
Germination and Viability of Albugo candida Oospores Infecting Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Bhardwaj Nitish Rattan , Yadav Prashant , Meena Bheeru Lal , Sharma Hariom Kumar , Rai Pramod Kumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAlbugo candida causing white rust disease is a serious threat in cultivation of oilseed Brassicas particularly Brassica juncea when inflorescence infection (staghead) is high. Stagheads carry oospores which are the perpetuating structures and primary source of inoculum in white rust disease. However, two aspects that still needs to be addressed in A. candida‐B. juncea pathosystem are determination of optimum oospore germination conditions and oospore viability assessment. Thus, here we have described a protocol for optimum oospore germination in samples derived from naturally infected stagheads of B. juncea on β‐glucuronidase aryl sulfatase (a type of snail gut enzyme) treatment. The results indicates that 3% enzyme concentration induces ≥ 50% of oospores to germinate at 7°C, 10°C and 13°C after incubating for 24–48 hours. We also determined viability of staghead‐derived and seed lot derived oospores through plasmolysis (using 4 M sodium chloride) and trypan blue staining. The results indicate the significant superiority of plasmolysis method in detecting viable oospores of A. candida than trypan blue staining. The techniques described here can be utilised for carrying out studies on oospore mating behaviour, sexual recombination and assessment of oosporic inoculum viability in A. candida‐B. juncea pathosystem.
PNPLA3 in Alcohol‐Related Liver Disease
Authors: Galvanin Clélia , Buch Stephan , Nahon Pierre , Trépo Eric 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe discovery of PNPLA3 as a genetic risk factor for liver disease has transformed our understanding of the pathogenesis of alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD). The recent reclassification of fatty liver disease as steatotic liver disease (SLD), introducing metabolic dysfunction and alcohol‐related liver disease (MetALD), has highlighted how genetic and environmental factors synergistically drive liver damage. The PNPLA3 rs738409 variant stands as a paradigmatic example of gene–environment interaction, where its effect on liver disease is dramatically amplified by alcohol consumption, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Understanding these interactions has revealed novel pathogenic mechanisms. The robust genetic evidence and a growing understanding of molecular mechanisms have made PNPLA3 an attractive therapeutic target. Several compounds targeting PNPLA3 are now in clinical development. While initial trials have focused on metabolic dysfunction‐associated SLD, the recognition that almost all individuals with excessive alcohol consumption have metabolic comorbidities provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate these genetically informed therapies in MetALD. In this review, we examine the role of PNPLA3 in ALD, focusing on gene–environment interactions and therapeutic implications in the context of the new disease classification framework.
Outcome of Liver Retransplantation in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Molinaro Antonio , Engesæter Lise Katrine , Jorns Carl , Nordin Arno , Rasmussen Allan , Line Pål‐Dag , Pall Virge , Ericzon Bo‐Göran , Bennet William , Hov Johannes R. , Melum Espen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is among the most common indications for liver transplantation in the Nordic countries and with an increasing trend in Europe and North America. Due to post‐transplant complications and high prevalence of disease recurrence this group is at risk of requiring retransplantation (re‐LTX). Results from re‐LTX for PSC are not extensively studied and there is a lack of knowledge regarding prognosis after re‐LTX in this population.MethodsGraft and patient survival after re‐LTX for patients with PSC and a comparable comparison group from the Nordic liver transplant registry were analysed. One‐hundred and eighty‐five patients with PSC and 208 patients in the comparison group were included.ResultsThe graft and patient survival were better for patients with PSC compared to the comparison group (p < 0.001). Re‐LTX for recurrence of PSC (rPSC) compared to other aetiologies had similar and better outcomes for graft and patient survival (p = 0.093 and p = 0.023, respectively). Moreover, re‐LTX for rPSC compared to the comparison group had a lower 30‐day and 5‐year mortality (p < 0.001 and p = 0.041, respectively).ConclusionOutcomes after retransplantation for PSC were similar or better compared to the comparison group. Retransplantation represents a treatment option with the potential for excellent outcomes in patients with PSC and should be considered in transplanted PSC patients with graft failure.
Permissivism and the history of philosophy
Authors: Ooi Daryl 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPermissivism is the view that for some body of evidence E there may be more than one rational doxastic attitude that inquirers may take towards some proposition. This paper examines the aims and processes involved in doing the history of philosophy. It argues that the complexities involved in the process of doing the history of philosophy motivates hermeneutical permissivism. Section 2 of the paper discusses and motivates complexity. Section 3 focuses on a particular kind of complexity that historians face, namely, the problem of theory choice. Section 4 argues that complexity motivates permissivism. Section 5 argues for the value of thinking about the task of the historian of philosophy as contributing to the landscape of plausible interpretations. The paper demonstrates how this way of thinking about our discipline may be productive and useful for historians of philosophy with differing aims.
Is Percutaneous Kyphoplasty the Better Choice for Treatment of Stage III Kümmell's Disease Without Neurological Symptoms? A Retrospective Study of Two Invasive Procedures
Authors: Liu Yijie , Chen Tangyiheng , Yu Haoyun , Zhou Xiaohui , Hua Runjia , Wang Yudong , Wei Qiang , Gu Yong , Chu Genglei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTStudy DesignRetrospective analysis.ObjectiveKümmell's disease is an uncommon and complicated spinal condition first described in 1891. Treatment of this disease must be individualized according to the stage of disease and the experience and preference of the surgeon. Nevertheless, the surgical option in Stage III Kümmell's disease without neurological deficits remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to determine whether PKP or pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) combined with long‐segment fixation (LSF) is more effective in treating Kümmell's disease at Stage III without neurological impairments.MethodsBetween January 2017 and June 2020, 89 patients were treated with PKP or PSO + LSF. The outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, Oswestry Disability Indexes (ODIs), heights of fractured vertebrae, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and kyphosis Cobb angles, were measured at the follow‐up time for the PKP group and PSO + LSF group. Fisher's exact test or chi‐square test for number and percentage data was employed to compare statistical analyses between two groups.ResultsForty‐six patients underwent PKP and 43 patients who treated by PSO + LSF. Postoperative measurements showed substantial improvements in kyphosis Cobb angle and vertebral height in the PKP group compared to preoperative measurements. Operating time, estimated blood loss, and duration of stay were all reduced in the PKP group compared to the PSO + LSF group. The PSO + LSF group had better correction of a kyphotic Cobb angle than the PKP group. Short‐term monitoring showed that the PKP group had fewer ODI and VAS scores than the PSO + LSF group. In addition, no significant neurological symptoms were found after operation in both groups. The complication rates of PKP and PSO + LSF groups were 10.87% and 9.30%, respectively.ConclusionsKümmell's disease in Stage III without neurological symptoms responded to both PKP and PSO + LSF as safe and efficient treatments. Despite limited correction of kyphotic Cobb angle, PKP patients had better early clinical outcomes, increased fractured vertebral height, decreased blood loss, and less surgical trauma compared with the PSO + LSF group.
Influence of Policy Awareness and Satisfaction With Service on the Willingness to Engage in Rural Elderly Medical and Nursing Care Service Programs in Rural China
Authors: Wenyi Lin , Zhiyun Rong , Qin Li 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn rural China, the participation of residents in elderly medical and nursing care service programs is notably low. To understand the reasons behind this underutilization or reluctance to use such services, an empirical study is warranted.DesignThis study adopts a cross‐sectional research design, utilizing survey data collected between January and March 2023.SampleRetired elderly individuals aged 50 and above who were permanent residents of LS Town.MeasurementsThe survey collects data concerning several key aspects of the older adult population, including their fundamental demographic information, awareness levels regarding integrated medical and nursing care services offered by local township health clinics, their current enrollment status in family doctor contract services, and their propensity to subscribe to such healthcare arrangements.ResultsThe findings indicate a significant positive relationship between awareness of the integrated medical and elderly care nursing model and the willingness of rural older adults to adopt these services. Furthermore, satisfaction with the services also directly influences the willingness to engage with these services.ConclusionThis study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the significance of policy dissemination and enhancing service quality as pivotal strategies for governments and health service organizations to foster increased uptake of these services among the rural elderly population.
Resolution of the Kohayakawa–Kreuter conjecture
Authors: Christoph Micha , Martinsson Anders , Steiner Raphael , Wigderson Yuval 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA graph is said to be Ramsey for a tuple of graphs if every ‐coloring of the edges of contains a monochromatic copy of in color , for some . A fundamental question at the intersection of Ramsey theory and the theory of random graphs is to determine the threshold at which the binomial random graph becomes asymptotically almost surely Ramsey for a fixed tuple , and a famous conjecture of Kohayakawa and Kreuter predicts this threshold. Earlier work of Mousset–Nenadov–Samotij, Bowtell–Hancock–Hyde, and Kuperwasser–Samotij–Wigderson has reduced this probabilistic problem to a deterministic graph decomposition conjecture. In this paper, we resolve this deterministic problem, thus proving the Kohayakawa–Kreuter conjecture. Along the way, we prove a number of novel graph decomposition results that may be of independent interest.
La nueva dimensión social del seguro
Authors: SIgnorino Barbat Andrea 
Published: December 2024

La función esencial del seguro radica en el hecho de que el seguro es un mecanismo que busca eliminar los riesgos de la vida moderna o al menos disminuirlos. Esto a través del traslado de los riesgos de la esfera jurídica y patrimonial del asegurado a la esfera jurídica y patrimonial del asegurador.
Pero este traslado no puede hacerse sin ciertos resguardos propios de la técnica aseguradora, pues de lo contrario, el seguro, en vez de cumplir una función social, se convertiría en un juego o apuesta, y el asegurador, en un especulador, poniendo en riesgo a la mutualidad de asegurados, asumiendo riesgos más allá de sus parámetros técnicos.
El asegurador asume los riesgos, pero dentro de los límites del contrato de seguros en el cual realiza una selección del riesgo dentro de parámetros preestablecidos, y una labor de individualización del riesgo y de delimitación del mismo mediante las cláusulas del contrato, que pueden, a su vez, responder a delimitaciones legales.
Debidamente delimitado el riesgo y cumpliendo sus bases técnicas, el seguro se torna en un instrumento básico para el proceso de producción y de distribución de bienes y ganancias. Asimismo, garantiza el equilibrio social eliminando o mitigando el temor a los infortunios, prometiendo su cobertura.
Con estos sustentos, el seguro cumple diversas funciones económicas y sociales, pero es dable pensar si el alcance de dichas funciones es suficiente en la época postmoderna e incluso más en la época actual donde la humanidad se ha visto azotada por una pandemia de ribetes únicos y alcance desconocido para nuestras generaciones.
En este sentido cabe preguntarse, ¿tiene hoy el seguro una nueva dimensión social? ¿cumple -o debe cumplir- una mayor función social?
A comenzar a debatir en torno a ello, nos dedicaremos en este artículo.
Relative frequency dynamics and loading of beet necrotic yellow vein virus genomic RNAs during the acquisition by its vector
Polymyxa betae
Authors: Guo Yi , Dall'Ara Mattia , Baldo David , Gilmer David , Ratti Claudio 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a multipartite virus with the highest number (up to five) of genomic segments among RNA viruses. Classified as a soil-borne virus, it is persistently transmitted by the protozoan
Polymyxa betae
. Previous studies have demonstrated that the relative frequency of the BNYVV genomic RNAs was modified depending on the host plant as well as the infected organ, resulting in distinct stoichiometric ratios between the viral RNAs. In this study, we investigate whether infection by the vector
P. betae
influences the relative abundance of BNYVV RNAs within the roots of the host plant
Beta vulgaris
. Furthermore, we examine the relative frequency of BNYVV genomic segments and the viral load of BNYVV at two different stages of
P. betae
’s biological cycle: zoospore and resting spore. Our finding offers new insights into understanding the biology of this soil-borne virus and its vector. Notably, the variations in the relative accumulation of BNYVV RNAs observed in zoospores and resting spores, along with a higher viral load in zoospores compared to resting spores, invite consideration of the virus’s replicative capacity within the vector.

IMPORTANCE

Our understanding of the transmission of plant viruses by protozoan vectors remains poor and fragmented. The fate of viral elements in the living stages of the vector is unknown. Here, we first established a protocol allowing the purification of two forms of the vector free of cellular contaminants. This permitted the examination of the relative frequencies of beet necrotic yellow vein virus RNAs in the roots of its natural host and in two forms of its protozoan vector,
Polymyxa betae
, responsible for virus transmission. Our findings provide new insights into virus behavior during vector transmission, allowing us to analyze how the virus regulates its RNA frequencies and load within the vector. By focusing on the early stages of viral transmission and separating virus acquisition from transmission to new hosts, we pave the way for experiments aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind viral acquisition and the maintenance of viral genome integrity by
P. betae
.