bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMMERSIVE ABSTRACTION: A NEW MORPHOLOGY OF INTUITIVE INTERACTION WITH SYSTEM MODELS
Authors: Gräßler I. , Pottebaum J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe value of models is well recognised in product and systems engineering. Modelling languages and diagrams are used to capture mental models and to handle model complexity. Literature research indicates that there are only very few approaches to utilise the potential of virtual and augmented reality for supporting tasks in model based (systems) engineering. The paper at hand contributes a new morphology of intuitive interaction for Immersive Abstraction as a holistic approach to extend that coverage. It presents a holistic framework to categorise solutions and future research directions.
REQUIREMENTS FOR DIAGRAMING IN THE DESIGN OF MENTAL HEALTH DELIVERY SERVICES
Authors: Komashie A. , Clarkson P. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDelivering good quality mental health services remains a top priority in the English National Health Service (NHS). An approach to designing better delivery systems that takes into account the complexities of mental health services is highly desirable. This paper follows previous work that have sought to identify the key components of mental health delivery systems and explored the nature of the relationships between them. The paper presents the results of a qualitative thematic analysis of the requirements for diagrams as tools for describing and representing delivery systems in mental health.
DISCERNING BEHAVIOURAL DESIGN: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL
Authors: Khadilkar P. R. , Cash P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBehavioural design has emerged as an important domain of design practice and research due to its ability to deliver the desired outcomes beyond technical designs. Research on behavioural design is not successful in discerning it from other design domains, which is important for theory building. This paper discerns the unique characters of behavioural design by tracing the emergence of behaviour in design. Twelve interviews from six behaviour design cases belonging to four firms has been used to further discern the unique characteristics resulting into the conceptual model of behavioural design
MODULARITY, ROBUSTNESS, AND CHANGE PROPAGATION: A MULTIFACETED RELATION
Authors: Piccolo S. A. , Lehmann S. , Maier A. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIncreased system robustness is one of the promises of modularity. However, research on the topic has provided conflicting findings. By generating more than 2000 system architectures, this paper shows that the relation between modularity and robustness is multifaceted: Modularity decreases topological robustness, increases robustness to change propagation, and provides economic benefits. Results here confirm the importance of modularity, enable reconciliation of opposing findings from prior research, and guides researchers and practitioners in the selection of appropriate robustness measures.
PROMOTING GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL ATTRIBUTES BY COORDINATING KOLBIAN REFLECTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Authors: Mina M. , Cowan J. , Fila N. D. , Theh W. S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis work features challenges of using integrated reflections in undergraduate Industrial Design and Engineering. Reflection activities can be challenging for the students and hard to implement in design and engineering classes. This report has two goals. The first is to introduce a process for more successful engagement for the students in problem solving and design. The second is to show that the process has validity and usefulness for Industrial Design students who are in a College of Design.
DO ALL CREATIVE STIMULI WORK THE SAME? INSIGHTS FROM A WORKSHOP WITH PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Singh H. , Becattini N. , Cascini G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper presents a comparative study that explores the effectiveness of creative stimuli to foster the generation of creative ideas in non-trained professionals during a co-creative design session. Solution-related stimuli (e.g. patents or biological strategies) are confronted with problem-based stimuli (e.g. TRIZ contradictions or Ideal Final Result), which are less studied in the literature. The 40 participants to the experimental activity benefited from both kind of stimuli, but the solution-related ones allowed a more comprehensive exploration of the design space.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DECISION OF CONVENTIONAL/HYBRID LIGHTWEIGHT DESIGN STRATEGIES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE DESIGN PROCESS
Authors: Schmitt P. , Gericke K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLightweight design (LWD) is partly reaching its limits. New technologies must not only be used to make products more functional, but also to make LWD more efficient. Here additive manufacturing (AM) should be named. Potentials of the use in LWD are not yet clear. In this work, existing LWD strategies and their location in the design process are presented. Criteria are worked out which influence the design process and the use of LWD strategies. The use of AM in (hybrid) LWD will be investigated in order to overcome design trade-offs and what influence its use could have on the design process.
AN APPROACH FOR THE MULTI-CRITERIA DERIVATION OF LIGHTWEIGHT POTENTIAL
Authors: Laufer F. , Roth D. , Binz H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLightweight potential is a powerful indicator – but not as powerful as it could be. Current methods for analyzing a product's potential to be reduced in mass only deal with a few of the most important criteria for lightweight design. This paper presents an approach transferring cost-benefit analysis to the holistic derivation of lightweight potential. The approach is able to deal with different types of criteria supporting the designer in indentifying the most promising components for mass reduction. An evaluation example is given showcasing a tooling machine.
AN ASSUMPTION NETWORK-BASED APPROACH TO SUPPORT MARGIN ALLOCATION AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: El Fassi S. , Guenov M. D. , Riaz A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPresented is an approach to support margin allocation and management via a graph-theoretical network of assumptions. In contrast to the document-centric approach, the network captures assumptions dependencies, and enables an algorithmic process supporting margin allocation and management. Ultimately, this methodology is intended to assist decision-makers in managing assumptions and examining their impact on an architecture. Explicitly linking margins to assumptions allows to support mitigating their risk of invalidity. The approach is demonstrated with a conceptual aircraft design example.
DEVELOPMENT OF DECISION TOOL FOR A PROBLEM-SOLVING ACTIVITY USING PAIRWISE COMPARISON TECHNIQUE TO SUPPORT AN INTUITIVE DECISION
Authors: Tanaiutchawoot N. , Bursac N. , Gross J. , Rapp S. , Albers A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPairwise comparison is basically used to prioritize alternatives and select a solution in product development. Decision errors can happen when the amount of processing information increases. This research proposes an assisted decision tool to prioritize alternatives by using the pairwise comparison technique and a Quicksort algorithm. This software was evaluated in the product development workshop that aims to select the component to further develop in the new product generation. This tool provides high-reliability results, reduces procedure time and is a user-friendly interactive interface.
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF HOSE ASSEMBLY ROUTING FOR VEHICLES
Authors: Wehlin C. , Persson J. A. , Ölvander J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a method for multi-objective optimization of hose assembly routing. Hose routing is a non-trivial task which demand a lot of iterations, especially with the increased complexity in modern vehicles. The proposed method utilizes design automation through multi-objective optimization of routing assemblies containing multiple hoses. The method is intended as a decision support and automation-tool, that reduces the number of iterations needed. The method has been implemented and tested on a case, concerning a set of hoses in an engine compartment, showing credible results.
DESIGN READINESS OF MULTI-MATERIAL CONCEPTS: MANUFACTURING AND JOINING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATED EVALUATION OF CONCEPT MATURITY LEVELS USING CARDINAL COEFFICIENTS
Authors: Revfi S. , Wilwer J. , Behdinan K. , Albers A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMaturity levels of components in early phases of product development are often assessed with Technology Readiness Levels. However, developing Multi-Material-Design (MMD) concepts for lightweight design, not only the manufacturability of the individual components is decisive, but also their joinability with each other and their integration into the rest system. This paper presents an approach for the evaluation of maturity levels of MMD concepts on the basis of cardinal coefficients considering a time forecast of the manufacturing and joining technologies required in the concept.
BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY: INTEGRATING LITERATURE AND PRACTICE INTO A PROCESS MODEL
Authors: Pieroni M. P. P. , McAloone T. C. , Pigosso D. C. A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo implement circular economy, manufacturers will need to develop new business models. Available approaches are granular, generic, infrequently focusing on advice or implementation, and lacking practical demonstration. This article presents how a tool was proposed to cover these gaps. Based on design research methodology, twenty-two conceptual and practical requirements were identified and translated in functions for the development of the Circular Economy Business Model Configurator, a tool that supports manufacturers in strengthening proposals of business models for circular economy.
ARE AI TOOLS GOING TO BE THE NEW DESIGNERS? A TAXONOMY FOR MEASURING THE LEVEL OF AUTOMATION OF DESIGN ACTIVITIES
Authors: Altavilla S. , Blanco E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe digitalisation of the industry offers new opportunities to discuss design activities and support tools. Advancement in AI allows thinking about new Designer-AI tools interaction in the design process. The paper aims to initiate a characterisation of tools issued from researches in the application of AI in Design to rethink the division of work between Designer-AI tools. The paper is based on the literature on the concept of Levels of Automation in cognitive engineering, manufacturing and robotics, and proposes a grid of characterisation of the Level of Automation for the design process.
BENCHMARKING OF RISK MANAGEMENT METHODS WITH REGARD TO VARIATIONS AS A SOURCE OF RISK
Authors: Rapp S. , Altner M. , Albers A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen developing new systems, there is always some kind of reference to existing systems. Various approaches aim at describing qualitatively different characteristics of such connections, often depicted as some form of variation. Among other things, this is done with regard to innovation potential and development risk. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which established methods of risk management refer to modelling approaches for variations by means as mentionend above. After a litertaure search 11 methods and method clusters are analyzed more in detail within a method benchmark.
AN EYE-TRACKING SUPPORTED INVESTIGATION INTO THE ROLE OF FORMS OF REPRESENTATION ON DESIGN EVALUATIONS AND AFFORDANCES OF ORIGINAL PRODUCT FEATURES
Authors: Berni A. , Maccioni L. , Borgianni Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper investigates the relationship between the forms through which products are represented and the outcomes of evaluations made by observers. In particular, the study focuses on perceived affordances of creative designs, meant as the capability of capturing original elements and corresponding functions, for products presented through static images or videos. Also thanks to the use of Eye Tracking, the experimental results show how dynamic effects that involve salient aspects of products, as well as creative features, are critical to observers’ capability of capturing design intentions.
COLLABORATIVE PROJECT BRIEF SCORECARD METHOD: EVALUATING PRODUCT DESIGN PROJECTS TO AID DESIGN EFFORT ESTIMATION
Authors: Holliman A. , Thomson A. , Hird A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDesigners use their tacit knowledge to estimate project design effort needs, which can be enhanced through the understanding of the factors that most influence those needs. Evaluating and assessing project briefs against these factors can assist designers when planning their projects. The Collaborative Project Brief Scorecard (CPDS) Method identifies those factors and produces a scorecard for designers to evaluate project briefs based on these factors and allows for project comparisons, aids in past project recall and provides a focal point for collaborative reflection on design activities.
HOW A BETTER REPRESENTATION OF CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS CAN HELP TO DESIGN BETTER CONTRACTS
Authors: Bolifraud S. , Cryonnet J.-C. , Stal-Le Cardinal J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper contributes to the reduction of conflicts arising along the construction process by improving contract management tools and contracts designing tools. We analyse the existing system of representation of relations between Owner and Contractor, the contract and the construction processes. We improve the actual representation of construction processes by creating a link with the contract. Our ambition is to create a representation that will allow organizations and project managers to represent the construction contracts and design better construction contracts.
APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED ENGINEERING FOR TEACHING DESIGN KNOWLEDGE TO DESIGN STUDENTS
Authors: Plappert S. , Hoppe L. , Gembarski P. C. , Lachmayer R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor an optimal preparation of mechanical engineering students for their future work life, the use of problem-based methods in design teaching is investigated. Therefore an intelligent tutoring system for computer aided design education will be developed, which can automatically evaluate computer aided design models of design students. A knowledge-based engineering system will be used to assistance the design students in the execution of design tasks. Using a practice-oriented example, the application and the advantages for teaching will be verified and discussed.
METHOD FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGNING REFERENCE PROCESSES
Authors: Wilmsen M. , Gericke K. , Jäckle M. , Albers A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA reference process should consider to the needs and behaviours of the process users, as well as all relevant restrictions and boundary conditions within the company and its environment. Therefore, this contribution provides a method to synthesize relevant requirements on reference processes and supports the consideration of these requirements during the design of a new, company-specific reference process based on meta-models. The developed method was used to design a reference process for automotive predevelopment projects and its applicability and usefulness was evaluated successfully.
THE IMPACT OF STATUS ANONYMITY ON TEAM DYNAMICS IN CO-CREATION WORKSHOPS
Authors: Lecuna Aguerrevere A. , Alleblas J. , Mueller R. M. , Graves M. , Thoring K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper looks at the positive effects of partial status anonymity in face-to-face co-creation workshops. Results suggest that especially during the early phases of co-creation, i.e. idea generation, participants experience more freedom to express themselves without self-imposed barriers. We observed positive effects in terms of (1) lowering or even suspending the perceived status among team members, (2) increased motivation, (3) freedom to speak and positive disposition to listen, (4) willingness to consider perspectives from other team members.
DESIGNING PRODUCT METAPHOR TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR: A PROPOSED METHOD
Authors: Huang S. , Carulli M. , Hekkert P. , Schifferstein R. N. J. , Bordegoni M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWithin the scope of Design for Sustainable Behaviour, the connection between behavioural change strategies and design idea generation has received limited attention. This paper highlights metaphorical thinking in product design to stimulate sustainable behaviour. In particular, the current study proposes a metaphor-based design method to guide designers on how to associate product features with behavioural and experiential cues through metaphors. We next report two design cases to evaluate this method. In the end, the shortcomings of current research and future developments are also discussed.
DESIGN OF A SIMPLIFIED 3D-PRINTED ARTIFICIAL UNDERACTUATED HAND
Authors: Orabona A. , Palazzi A. , Graziosi S. , Ferrise F. , Bordegoni M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe recent interest in human-robot interaction requires the development of new gripping solutions, compared to those already available and widely used. One of the most advanced solutions in nature is that of the human hand, and several research contributions try to replicate its functionality. Technological advances in manufacturing technologies and design tools are opening possibilities in the design of new solutions. The paper reports the results of the design of an underactuated artificial robotic hand, designed by exploiting the benefits offered by additive manufacturing technologies.
VR FOR ASSEMBLY TASKS IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY – INTERACTION AND BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Eriksson Y. , Sjölinder M. , Wallberg A. , Söderberg J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA testbed was developed aiming to contribute to further knowledge on what is required from a VR application in order to be useful for planning of assembly tasks. In a pilot study the testbed was tested on students. The focus of the study was to explore the users’ behaviour, and to gain a better understanding of their experience using VR. The students experienced a gap between the real world and VR, which confirms theories that VR is not a copy or twin of an object or environment.
ABSTRACT PHYSICS REPRESENTATION OF A BALANCED TWO-WHEEL SCOOTER IN GRAPH-BASED DESIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Ramsaier M. , Stetter R. , Till M. , Rudolph S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach to include a holistic description of abstract physics in a digital engineering framework. Physical phenomena realize the numerous functions of technical systems and are an important link between rather abstract product functions and the concrete product geometry and material. Until now, a possibility to integrate the analysis and synthesis on this level of abstraction into a holistic engineering frameworks is not existing. The novel approach employs graph-based design languages using UML for this endeavour; the product example is a two-wheel scooter.
TOWARDS A DESIGN OBSERVATORY: THE CASE OF SCHOLARLY DESIGN RESEARCH IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Costa N. , Branco V. , Costa R. , Borges A. , Modesto A. , Silva C. , Cunca R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe DesignOBS project was created to collect, map and interpret data about the Portuguese Design Ecosystem, providing supportive information for decision making. This study takes advantage of a participative Design perspective to define and test an observation process via a case based on Design doctorates undertaken in Portugal. It emphasises the need for additional participatory analysis and curation by experts to evaluate and develop more reliable information about the discipline. Moreover, it develops recommendations that can enhance the communicability of Design doctorates.
ON THE HIERARCHICAL LEVELS OF DESIGN KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Kolarić S. , Beck J. , Stolterman E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHierarchies of knowledge represent a popular formalism for conceptualizing beliefs, justifications, and truth statements. To capitalize on the opportunity for formulating effective maps of design knowledge, this article introduces the hierarchical context–design development–high-level (CDH) model that stratifies different bodies of design-specific knowledge into ranked levels. We compare it with existing hierarchical models of knowledge, and describe its unique uses and benefits for both design research and design practice.
DESIGN MEETINGS: TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE STAGES AND ACTIVITIES THAT INFLUENCE SUCCESS
Authors: Bedingfield C. S. , Clarkson P. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA central part of the design process is collaboration, harnessing specialist expertise often in meetings. We understand relatively little about how meetings serve teams of designers and their work and this study uses soft systems methodology to attempt to create structures that describe and explain meetings. The results suggest extension of the boundary of interest and suggest a conceptual framework which reveals some under-addressed stages and activities which may help designers improve their meetings.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE IN ONLINE COMMUNITIES: INVESTIGATING REQUIREMENTS FOR GROUPWARE
Authors: Mies R. , Bonvoisin J. , Stark R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOpen source hardware is hardware whose design is shared online so that anyone can study, modify, distribute, make, and sell it. In spite of the increasing popularity of this alternative IP management approach, the field of OSH remains fragmented of diverse practices seeking for settlement. This challenges providers of groupware solutions to capture the specific needs of open source product development practitioners. This contribution therefore delivers a list of basic requirements and verifies them by comparing offered functions of existing groupware solutions.
DATA-DRIVEN DESIGN IN CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND MISSED OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Bertoni A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper presents a systematic literature review investigating definitions, uses, and application of data-driven design in the concept development process. The analysis shows a predominance of the use of text mining techniques on social media and online reviews to identify customers’ needs, not exploiting the opportunity granted by the increased accessibility of IoT in cyber-physical systems. The paper argues that such a gap limits the potential of capturing tacit customers’ needs and highlights the need to proactively plan and design for a transition toward data-driven design.
MODELING A STRATEGIC HUMAN ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS: HUMAN-INSPIRED HEURISTIC GUIDANCE THROUGH LEARNED VISUAL DESIGN AGENTS
Authors: Puentes L. , Raina A. , Cagan J. , McComb C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHuman designers often work in a visual design space, projecting step-by-step design progression through evolving mental images. The strategic evolution of that design leverages heuristics based on experience and domain knowledge. The methodology presented in this paper brings together the visual nature of design problem solving and design heuristics in a deep learning computational agent framework that emulates and enables human-mirrored design. When applied to a truss design task, results demonstrate superior results to those of human designers who provided the initial data.
OPTIMISATION OF WELDED BEAMS: HOW COST FUNCTIONS AFFECT THE RESULTS
Authors: Miler D. , Hoić M. , Žeželj D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe increasing market competitiveness and CAE availability require the products to be optimised. This practice is exceedingly present when producing semi-standard parts like structural elements. Several cost calculation methods are developed, bringing up the question - which one to use? In this article, we compared three methods; a welded I-section beam was used as an example. The optimisation was carried out using two objectives (mass and cost) and was submitted to Eurocode boundary conditions. The results have shown that the cost calculation method has a negligible influence on the results.