bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of linear measurements obtained from stitched cone beam computed tomography images versus direct skull measurements
Authors: Hamed Doaa Ahmed Fouad , El Dawlatly Mostafa Mohamed , El Dessouky Sahar Hosny , Hamdy Reham Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

Background: To assess whether the linear measurements obtained from stitched cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were as accurate as the direct skull measurements. Methods: Nine dry human skulls were marked with gutta-percha at reference points to obtain Twenty-two linear measurements on each skull. Ten measurements in the cranio-caudal plane, two measurements in the antero-posterior plane, and ten measurements in the medio-lateral plane. CBCT linear measurements obtained using stitching software were measured and compared with direct skull measurements. Results: The absolute Dahlberg error between direct linear measurements and linear measurements on stitched CBCT images ranged from (0.07 mm to 0.41 mm). The relative Dahlberg error ranged from (0.2% to 1.8%). Moreover, Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) ranged from (0.97 to 1.0) indicating excellent agreement. Conclusion: Stitched CBCT linear measurements were highly comparable to the direct skull measurements using a digital caliper.
Integrating Literary Works as the Local Content of ELT Materials for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Amelia Pratiwi , Hikmawati Agci 
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study is to design English materials for undergraduate students. In designing the materials, the writers focused on the general English materials integrated with Bangkanese’ Folks as one of the literary works existing in Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia. This idea was based on the writers’ awareness to introduce local values to the students. Thus, the existing literary works were taken and modified by the writers to meet the purpose of the research. The writers used the theory of Hutchinson and Waters (1987) and Borg & Gall (1989). The theory offered six steps, namely need analysis, writing syllabus, developing materials, trying-out materials, evaluating materials, revision, and writing the final draft. The participants of the research were 37 students studying in one of the private colleges in Bangka Belitung Province. These participants were chosen randomly. The designed ELT materials integrated the English lessons and the local folktales and culture. The integration was intended to improve the students’ communicative competence of both productive and receptive skills. Furthermore, it was expected that the designed materials were able to encourage the students to communicate more communicatively and appropriately in their social context.
Use of unstable surfaces and conscious abdominal contraction on the activity of periscapular muscles
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda Lenise Soares , Alves de Oliveira Valéria Mayaly , Santos Michelle Ribeiro , Nascimento Vinícius Yan Santos , Pitangui Ana Carolina Rodarti , Cappato de Araújo Rodrigo 
Published: March 2020

Background/aims Core training has been recommended in shoulder rehabilitation programs. However, the evidence on this topic is still scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of conscious abdominal contraction combined with unstable surfaces on electromyographic activity of periscapular muscles during the plus phase of a push-up. Methods A total of 20 male participants (22.8 ± 2.5 years) were evaluated. Electromyographic signals were collected from the upper, middle and lower trapezius, serratus anterior, and external and internal oblique muscles during push-up exercises on a stable and unstable surface with and without the conscious abdominal contraction. Each participant performed four variations of the plus phase of a push-up. Results The results demonstrated that the conscious abdominal contraction caused an increase in the electromyographic activity of external oblique, internal oblique, serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscles (P≤0.008). The unstable surface caused only a relevant increase in electromyographic activity of the abdominal muscles (P≤0.025). Combining the two strategies did not increase the electromyographic activity of any muscles (P≥0.238). Conclusions The conscious abdominal contraction seems to be a viable strategy to increase the electromyographic activity of the periscapular muscles.
The diagnostic value of routine preliminary biopsy in diagnosing late prosthetic joint infection after hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Fink Bernd , Schuster Philipp , Braun Rüdiger , Tagtalianidou Eli , Schlumberger Michael 
Published: February 2020

Aims Biopsy of the periprosthetic tissue is an important diagnostic tool for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) as it enables the detection of the responsible microorganism with its sensitivity to antibiotics. We aimed to investigate how often the bacteria identified in the tissue analysis differed between samples obtained from preoperative biopsy and intraoperative revision surgery in cases of late PJI; and whether there was a therapeutic consequence. Methods A total of 508 patients who required revision surgery of total hip arthroplasty (THA) (n = 231) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (n = 277) because of component loosening underwent biopsy before revision surgery. The tissue samples collected at biopsy and during revision surgery were analyzed according to the criteria of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS). Results In total, 178 (113 THA, 65 TKA) were classified as infected. The biopsy procedure had a sensitivity of 93.8%, a specificity of 97.3%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.9%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.7%, and an accuracy of 96.1%. Of the 178 infected patients, 26 showed a difference in the detected bacteria from the biopsy and the revision surgery (14.6%). This difference required a change to antibiotic therapy in only two cases (1.1%). Conclusion Biopsy is a useful tool to diagnose PJI, but there may be a difference in the detected bacteria between the biopsy and revision surgery. However, this did not affect the choice of antibiotic therapy in most cases, rendering the clinical relevance of this phenomenon as low. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(3):329–335
Validation of the Sydney Hamstring Origin Rupture Evaluation (SHORE)
Authors: French Sofie R. , Kaila Rajiv , Munir Selin , Wood David G. 
Published: February 2020

Aims To validate the Sydney Hamstring Origin Rupture Evaluation (SHORE), a hamstring-specific clinical assessment tool to evaluate patient outcomes following surgical treatment. Methods A prospective study of 70 unilateral hamstring surgical repairs, with a mean age of 47.3 years (15 to 73). Patients completed the SHORE preoperatively and at six months post-surgery, and then completed both the SHORE and Perth Hamstring Assessment Tool (PHAT) at three years post-surgery. The SHORE questionnaire was validated through the evaluation of its psychometric properties, including; internal consistency, reproducibility, reliability, sensitivity to change, and ceiling effect. Construct validity was assessed using Pearson’s correlation analysis to examine the strength of association between the SHORE and the PHAT. Results The SHORE demonstrated an excellent completion rate (100%), high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.78), and good reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.82). The SHORE had a high correlation with the validated PHAT score. It was more sensitive in detecting clinical change compared to the PHAT. A ceiling effect was not present in the SHORE at six months; however, a ceiling effect was identified in both scores at three years post-surgery. Conclusion This study has validated the SHORE patient reported outcome measure (PROM) as a short, practical, reliable, valid, and responsive tool that can be used to assess symptom and function following hamstring injury and surgical repair. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(3):388–393
Deformity correction in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Pesenti Sébastien , Lafage Renaud , Henry Brice , Kim Han J. , Bolzinger Manon , Elysée Jonathan , Cunningham Mathew , Choufani Elie , Lafage Virginie , Blanco John , Jouve Jean-Luc , Widmann Roger 
Published: February 2020

Aims To compare the rates of sagittal and coronal correction for all-pedicle screw instrumentation and hybrid instrumentation using sublaminar bands in the treatment of thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 124 patients who had undergone surgery in two centres for the correction of Lenke 1 or 2 AIS. Radiological evaluation was carried out preoperatively, in the early postoperative phase, and at two-year follow-up. Parameters measured included coronal Cobb angles and thoracic kyphosis. Postoperative alignment was compared after matching the cohorts by preoperative coronal Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and pelvic incidence. Results A total of 179 patients were available for analysis. After matching, 124 patients remained (62 in each cohort). Restoration of thoracic kyphosis was significantly better in the sublaminar band group than in the pedicle screw group (from 23.7° to 27.5° to 34.0° versus 23.9° to 18.7° to 21.5°; all p < 0.001). When the preoperative thoracic kyphosis was less than 20°, sublaminar bands achieved a normal postoperative thoracic kyphosis, whereas pedicle screws did not. In the coronal plane, pedicle screws resulted in a significantly better correction than sublaminar bands at final follow-up (73.0% versus 59.7%; p < 0.001). Conclusion This is the first study to compare sublaminar bands and pedicle screws for the correction of a thoracic AIS. We have shown that pedicle screws give a good coronal correction which is maintained at two-year follow-up. Conversely, sublaminar bands restore the thoracic kyphosis better while pedicle screws are associated with a flattening of the thoracic spine. In patients with preoperative hypokyphosis, sublaminar bands should be used to restore a proper sagittal profile. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(3):376–382
Management of multiligament knee injuries
Authors: Ng Jimmy Wui Guan , Myint Yulanda , Ali Fazal M. 
Published: March 2020

Up to 18% of multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) have an associated vascular injury. All MLKI should be assessed using the ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) with selective arteriography if ABPI is < 0.9. An ischaemic limb following knee dislocation must be taken to the operating theatre immediately for stabilization and re-vascularization. Partial common peroneal nerve (CPN) injury following MLKI has better recovery than complete palsy. Posterior tibial tendon transfer is offered to patients with complete CPN palsy if there is no recovery at six months. Operative treatment with acute or staged reconstructions provides the best outcome in MLKI. Effective repair can only be performed within three weeks of injury. There is no difference between repair and reconstruction of medial collateral ligament and posteromedial corner. Posterolateral corner reconstruction has a lower failure rate than repair. Early mobilization following MLKI surgery results in fewer range-of-motion deficits. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:145-155. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190012
Dual-fiber point diffraction interferometer to measure the wavefront aberration of an imaging system
Authors: Feng Peng , Tang Feng , Wang Xiangzhao , Lu Yunjun , Xu Jinghao , Guo Fudong , Zhang Guoxian 
Published: March 2020

A dual-fiber point diffraction interferometer is built to measure the wavefront aberration of an imaging system with high precision. The optical intensity of the test light and reference light are controlled independently, so that high interference contrast can be obtained. The interferometer has several advantages: high precision, a flexible structure, and a quasi-common optical path. System errors of the interferometer that influence the measurement accuracy are considered and calibrated. In the experiments, a projection lens with numerical aperture of 0.3 is measured. The measured wavefront error is 1.5 nm rms, and the measurement repeatability is 35 pm rms.
Computational cannula microscopy of neurons using neural networks
Authors: Guo Ruipeng , Pan Zhimeng , Taibi Andrew , Shepherd Jason , Menon Rajesh 
Published: March 2020

Computational cannula microscopy is a minimally invasive imaging technique that can enable high-resolution imaging deep inside tissue. Here, we apply artificial neural networks to enable real-time, power-efficient image reconstructions that are more efficiently scalable to larger fields of view. Specifically, we demonstrate widefield fluorescence microscopy of cultured neurons and fluorescent beads with a field of view of 200 µm (diameter) and a resolution of less than 10 µm using a cannula of diameter of only 220 µm. In addition, we show that this approach can also be extended to macro-photography.
Rapid functional optoacoustic micro-angiography in a burst mode
Authors: Hofmann Urs A. T. , Rebling Johannes , Estrada Héctor , Subochev Pavel , Razansky Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) can image intrinsic optical absorption contrast at depths of several millimeters where state-of-the-art optical microscopy techniques fail due to intense light scattering in living tissues. Yet, wide adoption of OAM in biology and medicine is hindered by slow image acquisition speed, small field of view (FOV), and/or lack of spectral differentiation capacity of common system implementations. We report on a rapid acquisition functional optoacoustic micro-angiography approach that employs a burst-mode laser triggering scheme to simultaneously acquire multi-wavelength 3D images over an extended FOV covering

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in a single mechanical overfly scan, attaining 28 µm and 14 µm resolution in lateral and axial dimensions, respectively. Owing to an ultrawideband low-noise design featuring a spherically focused polyvinylidene difluoride transducer, we demonstrate imaging of human skin and underlying vasculature at up to 3.8 mm depth when using per-pulse laser energies of only 25 µJ without employing signal averaging. Overall, the developed system greatly enhances performance and usability of OAM for dermatologic and micro-angiographic studies.
Spinoza on Action and Immanent Causation
Authors: Zylstra Stephen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractI address an apparent conflict between Spinoza’s concepts ofimmanent causationandacting/doing [agere]. Spinoza apparently holds that an immanent causeundergoes [patitur]whatever itdoes. Yet according to his stated definition of acting and undergoing in theEthics, this is impossible; to act is to be anadequatecause, while to undergo is to be merely a partial cause. Spinoza also seems committed to God’s being the adequate cause of all things, and, in a well-known passage, appears to deny categorically that God is capable of undergoing. How then can God also be the immanent cause of all things, as Spinoza claims? On the basis of a close reading of the passage in question, I argue that Spinoza actually distinguishes between two senses of undergoing. An immanent cause undergoes not by being a partial cause but rather by being themetaphysical subjectof its effect. While this sense of undergoing has its roots in scholasticism, Spinoza’s willingness to attribute such a capacity to undergo to God is idiosyncratic and reveals important ways in which his understanding of essence, perfection, and causation differs from the scholastic model.
Managerial Accountability Under Yardstick Competition
Authors: Giuranno Michele G. , Scrimitore Marcella , Stamatopoulos Giorgos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTwo well-known mechanisms for enhancing managers’ accountability are yardstick competition and internal monitoring. Yardstick competition puts managers in direct competition when firms make decisions for re-appointment. Monitoring is used by firms to detect managers’ rent-seeking activities. While common wisdom suggests that the joint use of the two means would reinforce each other in promoting managers good practices, we find that their interplay distorts managers’ behavior who may end up acting in a less accountable way. Furthermore, differences in monitoring across firms bias that distortion, yielding even more counterintuitive results.
On the history of the dotted runes and the connexion to the British Isles
Authors: Schulte Michael 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Der Beitrag untermauert die mehrfach (vor allem von Hagland/Page 1998) geäußerte Vermutung, dass die punktierten Runen zu diakritischen Zwecken auf den Britischen Inseln entstanden sind, und zwar an Orten, wo die englische, skandinavische und keltische Bevölkerung in engem Kontakt miteinander stand. Auch der lateinische Einfluss auf Manuskriptrunen wird ausführlich diskutiert. Ein Zentrum dieser multikulturellen Mischgesellschaft war die Insel Man. Bei ihren Schreibern steht zu vermuten, dass sie außer den skandinavischen und englischen Runen vor allem die Ogam-Schrift kannten, in der Punkte ebenso wie Kerben eine konstitutive und nicht nur diakritische Rolle spielen. Dies könnte die Schreiber zur Punktierung von Runen angeregt haben.
Die für diese These wichtigste Inschrift Kirk Michael III, in der Runen und Ogam kombiniert erscheinen, wird detailliert untersucht. Verschiedene ungrammatische Formen werden als Zeichen eines fortschreitenden Sprachverfalls (language attrition) des Skandinavischen gedeutet. Die Entstehung der Inschrift wird aus kunstgeschichtlichen Gründen in der 2. Hälfte des 10. Jahrhunderts, auf jeden Fall aber vor 1000 angesetzt. Diese Datierung lässt einen Transport der neuen diakritischen Technik nach Skandinavien vor ihrem ersten Auftreten in dortigen Inschriften zumindest möglich erscheinen.
Das Erbe des Lazarus
Authors: Gebert Bent 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Following the resurrection of the Arthurian knight Erec at the castle of Limors, this article attempts to review the question of the religious ties of the courtly romance by investigating figurations of re-entering life. These typological ties, when considered in detail, turn out to be ambivalent precisely when the religious horizon appears particularly affirmative, as in the case of Limors. This gets especially palpable in connection with returnees who, like Lazarus and Erec, become ambiguous between religious wonder and judicial discussion. The article explores their interferences in a 13th-century Latin debate poem as well as in a key scene of the first vernacular Arthurian romance, which both equally glorify and disempower their heroes.
Characterisation and valorisation of the bark ofMyrcia eximiaDC. trees from the Amazon rainforest as a source of phenolic compounds
Authors: Araujo Elesandra da Silva , Mota Graciene da Silva , Lorenço Mário Sérgio , Zidanes Uasmim Lira , Silva Lucas Rodrigues da , Silva Eliandra Pereira , Ferreira Vanuzia Rodrigues Fernandes , Cardoso Maria das Graças , Mori Fábio Akira 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe bark of the tree speciesMyrcia eximiaDC., which occurs in secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon, is described for the first time. The aim was to provide a broad knowledge of its composition, to add value, and to direct uses to the bark of this species based on its polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The bark is formed by conducting phloem, nonconducting phloem, and rhytidome. In addition, dead phloem occurs between the periderms. The average chemical composition of the bark was 45.6% total extractives, 1.4% suberin, 1.7% ash, and 21.1% lignin. The ethanol-water extract had a high content of flavonoids and condensed tannins [300.8 and 877.3 mg catechin equivalents (CE) g−1of the extract, respectively]. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the presence of rutin, quercetin, and gallic, ferulic, and o-coumaric acids. The bark extract showed strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, which was superior to that of the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), with an IC50of 85.2 μg mL−1. Based on these results, it is evident that the bark ofM. eximiafrom the Brazilian Amazon rainforest is a new and potential natural source of phenolic compounds and antioxidants, and its extracts can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industry and in various condensed tannin-based products.
RhoBTB Proteins Regulate the Hippo Pathway by Antagonizing Ubiquitination of LKB1
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hung , Ralbovska Adela , Kugler Jan-Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Hippo pathway regulates growth and apoptosis. We identify RhoBTB proteins as novel regulators of Hippo signaling. RhoBTB depletion in the Drosophila wing disc epithelium cooperated with Yki to drive hyperplasia into neoplasia. Depletion of RhoBTB2 caused elevated YAP activity in human cells. RhoBTB2 deficiency resulted in increased colony formation in assays for anchorage-independent growth. We provide evidence that RhoBTBs acts on Hippo signaling through regulation of the kinase LKB1. LKB1 protein levels were reduced upon RhoBTB2 depletion, which correlated with increased LKB1 ubiquitination. Restoring LKB1 levels rescued loss of RhoBTB in Drosophila. Our results suggest that RhoBTB-dependent LKB1 regulation may contribute to its tumor-suppressive function.
ANALYZING IMMUNOLOGY SYSTEM CONTENT OF BIOLOGY REFERENCE BOOK BASED ON PROBLEM SOLVING AND SCIENTIFIC REASONING ASPECT
Authors: Charysma Dhora Vasminingtya , Widoretno Sri , Dwiastuti Sri 
Published: March 2020

ANALISIS KONTEN KONTEKS BUKU REFERENSI BIOLOGI MATERI SISTEM IMUN BERDASARKAN ASPEK PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN PENALARAN ILMIAH AbstractProblem-solving is a vital component under the cognitive standard of the 21st century skills for preparing students to face global competition. Problem-solving supported by another skill, one of which is scientific reasoning. Research objective is to analysis profile content and context of Biology module by interaction of problem-solving and scientific reasoning aspects. Research procedure was done by using descriptive qualitative. This research applied Toulmin Argument Pattern (TAP) as a basic framework to identify the scientific reasoning aspects. Data obtained from the questionnaire, survey, and analyze descriptively. Result indicates that the majority of Biology references doesn’t required of balance proportion interaction of problem-solving and scientific reasoning aspects. The lower aspect both of content and context was located in aspect explore the strategies and Look back and evaluate for Ground and Rebuttal aspects. In addition, this result can be used to inform future development of instruction and assessment problem solving and scientific reasoning skills.AbstrakPemecahan masalah merupakan komponen utama pada keterampilan kognitif di abad ke 21 untuk mempersiapkan generasi muda menghadapi tantangan global. Keterampilan pemecahan masalah atau problem solving didukung oleh berbagai keterampilan yang lain, salah satunya adalah penalaran ilmiah (scientific reasoning). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan analysis profile pada konten dan konteks dari modul biologi yang digunakan di sekolah SMA di Indonesia. Analysis dilakukan dengan menguji buku yang digunakan di SMA berdasarkan indikator yang dibangun dari interaksi aspek pemecahan masalah dan penalaran ilmiah.penelitian ini mengaplikasikan aspek penalaran ilmiah yang dibangun dari Toulmin Argument Pattern (TAP). Penelitian ini menghasilkan data dari studi kasus pada buku yang beredar di sekolah SMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku biologi yang banyak beredar di pasaran dan sekolah belum memenuhi proporsi yang seimbang pada aspek pemecahan masalah dan penalaran ilmiah yang berdampak pada kurangnya keterampilan siswa dalam bernalar dan menemukan solusi dari masalah yang diberikan. Sebagai tambahan, aspek yang paling rendah yaitu aspek explore dan look back yang belum terakomodasi baik secara konten maupun konteks pada buku biologi yang ada di sekolah.