bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECA 30 ANOS: DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO E INFÂNCIA
Authors: Guimarães Thaís Pimenta , Guimarães Laís Pimenta 
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal promover, criticamente, uma consciência pública sobre a importância e implementação da Lei n.º 8.069/90, nomeada Estatuto da Criança e Adolescente - ECA, a partir do marco de celebração de seus 30 anos de vigência. A reflexão trazida pretende evidenciá-la como o principal instrumento normativo do Brasil para a proteção da população infanto-juvenil, sobretudo com a visão contextual da sua condição peculiar de desenvolvimento e posição de sujeito de direitos, dentre tantos, à educação infantil, no que diz respeito a ordem jurídica constitucional positivada e legislação correlata. E tudo isso se dá no nível discursivo de cuidado e proteção da infância como uma fase da vida humana, integrada a dimensão da cidadania, consideravelmente através do dever do Estado e da família, em colaboração com a sociedade. Ao ponto que compara os principais fatos e motivos que substituíram o antigo Código de menores e o assistencialismo vigente, tendo em conta a proteção e as propostas socioeducativas, sob o ângulo de avanço do ECA, com a perspectiva dirigida para o desenvolvimento pessoal e social. Em contornos interpretativos que, a conclusão desdobra-se sobre a dinâmica relacional entre ECA, educação e cidadania no intuito de formar para a infância uma voz, verdadeiramente razoável e prudente, de reconhecimento e participação política, de modo voltado a projetar uma democracia mais justa, igualitária e inclusiva.
Deling av kunnskap og kompetanse er ingen selvfølge for deltakere i Yrkesfaglærerløftet
Authors: Morud Elin Bø , Rokkones Klara Lillevik 
Published: January 2021

Hensikten med studien er å utvikle ny kunnskap om og forståelse for yrkesfaglærere som tar videreutdanning. Artikkelen presenterer hvordan yrkesfaglærerne opplever at forsknings- og utviklingskompetanse som de opparbeider seg gjennom videreutdanningen bidrar til utvikling av skolens profesjonelle læringsfellesskap og skolen som en lærende organisasjon. Forskning gir god dokumentasjon av hvilke faktorer som fremmer utvikling av profesjonelle læringsfellesskap. Studien undersøker om videreutdanningsstudentene erfarer at disse faktorene er tilstede, slik at de kan involveres i og får bidra til utvikling av skolens profesjonelle læringsfellesskap. Våre erfaringer tilsier at det ikke er en selvfølge at deltakerne på videreutdanning deler sine erfaringer med kollegaer og ledelse på skolene de representerte. Dette er tilfelle til tross for at deling er en viktig forutsetning for å utvikle profesjonelle læringsfellesskap i skolen. Studien belyser også spørsmålet om hvilke samarbeidsrelasjoner studentene etablerer gjennom FoU-arbeid og hvordan dette bidrar til kompetanseutvikling i læringsfellesskapet. Artikkelen gir innsikt i hvilken støtte og forankring utviklingsprosjekter får i kollegiet og i skolens ledelse.
Studien tar utgangspunkt i videreutdanninger i Yrkesfaglærerløftet, og datagrunnlaget omfatter fire fokusgruppeintervju med yrkesfaglærere. I intervjuene spør vi om hvilke erfaringer de har med FoU ved egen skole, og hvordan de samarbeider og deler ny kompetanse og kunnskap med ledelsen, kollegaer og andre samarbeidspartnere. Funnene viser et stort samsvar mellom studentenes erfaringer i hvilke faktorer som er viktige for å utvikle profesjonelle læringsfellesskap. I tillegg ser vi et stort samsvar med de faktorene som forskning og litteratur legger vekt på fremmer utvikling av profesjonelle læringsfellesskap og skoleutvikling. I artikkelen diskuterer vi hvordan funnene i vår studie er koblet til funn i tidligere studier.
Biochemical characterization and inhibition of thermolabile hemolysin fromVibrio parahaemolyticusby phenolic compounds
Authors: Vazquez-Morado Luis E. , Robles-Zepeda Ramon E. , Ochoa-Leyva Adrian , Arvizu-Flores Aldo A. , Garibay-Escobar Adriana , Castillo-Yañez Francisco , Lopez-zavala Alonso A. 
Published: January 2021

Vibrio parahaemolyticus(Vp), a typical microorganism inhabiting marine ecosystems, uses pathogenic virulence molecules such as hemolysins to cause bacterial infections of both human and marine animals. The thermolabile hemolysinVpTLH lyses human erythrocytes by a phospholipase B/A2 enzymatic activity in egg-yolk lecithin. However, few studies have been characterized the biochemical properties and the use ofVpTLH as a molecular target for natural compounds as an alternative to controlVpinfection. Here, we evaluated the biochemical and inhibition parameters of the recombinantVpTLH using enzymatic and hemolytic assays and determined the molecular interactions by in silico docking analysis. The highest enzymatic activity was at pH 8 and 50 °C, and it was inactivated by 20 min at 60 °C with Tm = 50.9 °C. Additionally, the flavonoids quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, and morin inhibited theVpTLH activity with IC50 values of 4.5 µM, 6.3 µM, and 9.9 µM, respectively; while phenolics acids were not effective inhibitors for this enzyme. Boltzmann and Arrhenius equation analysis indicate thatVpTLH is a thermolabile enzyme. The inhibition of both enzymatic and hemolytic activities by flavonoids agrees with molecular docking, suggesting that flavonoids could interact with the active site’s amino acids. Future research is necessary to evaluate the antibacterial activity of flavonoids againstVpin vivo.
Public Perceptions of Cupping Therapy (Hijama) and Whether It Will Be Chosen Over Donating Blood
Authors: Alshareef Abdulraheem , Albeladi Abdulrahman Amer , Alsaedi Ahmad Khalaf , Alnakhli Ahmad Abdulaziz , AlHejili Raed Saad 
Published: January 2021

Background: Modern medicine, despite its great advances, still not as effective as cupping therapy in treating many medical conditions.
Objective: To assess the level of awareness and the general perceptions about cupping therapy (Hijama) in the Saudi population.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1120 adult subjects (473 males and 647 females), during the period from January to March 2020. Participants responded to an anonymous self-administered questionnaire requesting information about their knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of cupping therapy. The data collected from 1120 questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods in two stages (descriptive analysis - analysis of the study hypotheses). The frequencies and percentages of the descriptive analysis and the primary data of the study sample were calculated and the responses of its members to the questions included in the questionnaire were determined. The study hypotheses were analyzed using the chi-squared test to study the independence of the variables under study. The analysis was done using (IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0) software.
Results: About 32% of the participants underwent cupping before and the majority of them performed wet cupping (82.2%) and felt light pain (55.6%). Almost 60% of all participants were afraid of cupping and this fear was mainly from the injury (37%). The percentage of those who prefer to donate their blood was 72% while only 28% choose to perform cupping. There were statistically significant relationships between the gender of the participants and cupping procedure (p=0.003), fear of performing it (p<0.001) and preference for cupping over donating blood (p=0.002). Similarly, there were statistically significant relationships (p<0.001) between the age of the participants and cupping procedure, fear of performing it and preference for cupping over donating blood.
Conclusion: This study showed the high knowledge, attitudes and perception of the Saudi population towards wet cupping therapy. Importantly, most of the surveyed population, especially younger ones, choose to donate their blood rather than performing wet cupping. Further research is needed to establish a collaboration platform between wet cupping clinics and blood banks to fill the gap of frequent shortage of blood units.
Exploring Beliefs and Preferences for Reducing Sedentary Behavior Among Adults With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis or Knee Replacement
Authors: Powell Sara M. , Larsen Chelsea A. , Phillips Siobhan M. , Pellegrini Christine A. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivePhysical activity has numerous benefits for those with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA) or knee replacement, yet many individuals engage in insufficient activity. The purpose of this study was to explore beliefs about sedentary behavior, barriers to standing, and program preferences for adults with symptomatic KOA or knee replacement.MethodsForty‐two individuals ≥50 years with symptomatic KOA or knee replacement completed an online survey assessing current knee pain and function, sitting time, physical activity participation, beliefs about sedentary behavior, and preferences for a sedentary reduction program.ResultsParticipants indicated barriers to standing were pain, discomfort, or working on a computer. Most participants shared interest to participate in a program to reduce sitting time. Participants chose education, self‐monitoring, and activity tracking as most preferable components for an intervention design.ConclusionFuture interventions to reduce sedentary time may utilize these results to tailor programs for those with symptomatic KOA or knee replacement.
Fungicide, insecticide, and foliar fertilizer effect on soybean yield, seed composition, and canopy retention
Authors: Bergman Kelsey , Ciampitti Ignacio , Sexton Peter , Kovács Péter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield has increased over time through the introduction of new varieties and improved agronomic practices. However, seed protein concentration has decreased. We conducted field studies in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effects of fungicide, insecticide, and foliar fertilizer application on grain yield and seed quality in two soybean maturity groups (MG). In‐season treatments targeted nutrient availability and soybean canopy duration during the seed‐filling period by fungicide, insecticide, or foliar fertilizer application at the onset of this period. Biomass samples were collected at R5, R6, and R7 and partitioned into plant parts. Year, location, and MG often influenced yield and seed composition, but foliar fungicide, insecticide, or fertilizer application had no impact on these parameters.
Identification of the first promoter‐specific gain‐of‐function SOX9 missense variant (p.E50K) in a patient with 46,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development
Authors: Ushijima Kikumi , Ogawa Yuya , Terao Miho , Asakura Yumi , Muroya Koji , Hayashi Mie , Ishii Tomohiro , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Sekido Ryohei , Fukami Maki , Takada Shuji , Narumi Satoshi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSOX9, a transcription factor, is expressed in the undifferentiated XX and XY gonads. SRY induces significant upregulation of SOX9 expression in XY gonads. Loss‐of‐function SOX9 variants cause testicular dysgenesis in 46,XY patients, while duplication of the total gene or the upstream regulatory region results in testicular development in 46,XX patients. However, gain‐of‐function (GoF) SOX9 variants have not been reported previously. We report the case of a 16‐year‐old female patient with a 46,XX karyotype who had masculinized external genitalia and unilateral ovotestis. Next‐generation sequencing‐based genetic screening for disorders of sex development led to the identification of a novel SOX9 variant (p.Glu50Lys), transmitted from the phenotypically normal father. Expression analysis showed that E50K‐SOX9 enhanced transactivation of the luciferase reporter containing the testis enhancer sequence core element compared with that containing the wildtype‐SOX9. This GoF activity was not observed in the luciferase reporter containing Amh, the gene for anti‐Müllerian hormone. We genetically engineered female mice (Sox9E50K/E50K), and they showed no abnormalities in the external genitalia or ovaries. In conclusion, a novel SOX9 variant with a promoter‐specific GoF activity was identified in vitro; however, the disease phenotype was not recapitulated by the mouse model. At present, the association between the GoF SOX9 variant and the ovotestis phenotype remains unclear. Future studies are needed to verify the possible association.
Regioselective and Redox‐Neutral Cp*IrIII‐Catalyzed Allylic C−H Alkynylation
Authors: Mondal Shobhan , Pinkert Tobias , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a Cp*IrIII‐catalyzed highly regioselective and redox‐neutral protocol for the construction of 1,4‐enynes from unactivated olefins and bromoalkynes via intermolecular allylic C−H alkynylation. The developed mild reaction conditions tolerate a broad range of common functional groups, even enabling selective alkynylation of allylic C−H bonds in the presence of other prominent directing groups. Mechanistic experiments including the isolation of a catalytically active IrIII‐allyl species support an intermolecular allylic C−H activation followed by an electrophilic alkynylation.
Country diagnostics for low carbon development: Can developing countries pursue simultaneous implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement?
Authors: Kobayakawa Toru 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the 2030 Development Agenda and the Paris Agreement, both agreed in 2015, call for the world to simultaneously address development and climate change. Some researchers argue that the SDGs put more emphasis on the value of economic growth, and if so, it would pose a challenging situation, especially to developing countries considering the nexus among economic growth, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. In order to understand to what extent the SDGs advancement accompanies CO2 emissions increase, a study is needed to investigate development pathways of various countries during the past decades. This study aims to empirically identify well‐performing countries, in terms of both the SDGs implementation and CO2 emission mitigations, and investigate causes of the difference from the others through the decomposition analysis. The results confirm a good number of well‐performers, particularly among the Latin American and the transition countries. It is found that well‐targeted policy interventions for expanding the essential public services such as health, education, energy, water, and sanitation, are effective for advancing the SDGs. The decomposition analysis shows that the countries which made significant advancements in the SDGs had tangible positive economic growth effects on their per‐capita CO2 emissions. But if policy attention is paid to reduce the energy and carbon intensities, especially in the energy‐intensive sectors, such as the industry, energy, and transport sectors, the increases of per‐capita CO2 emissions can be minimized. Proper private sector engagements are considered effective to this end.
Investigation of consumers' cross‐channel switching intentions: A push‐pull‐mooring approach
Authors: Haridasan Anu C. , Fernando Angeline G. , Balakrishnan Saju 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis research develops and tests a model on cross‐channel switching intentions using the PPM framework. Four hundred and fifty‐six valid responses were collected from online and in‐person survey. The proposed relationships were tested using structural equation modelling. The results confirmed the positive influence of push (extent of external information search) and pull (alternative attractiveness) factors on switching intention in the cross‐channel context. The study also showed that higher multichannel self‐efficacy and lower switching costs significantly increased the pull effect. However, the effect of multichannel self‐efficacy on the push factor differed for online and offline consumers. Additionally, the results confirm that product fit uncertainty and purchase involvement significantly influenced the extent of information search. The study makes recommendations that can aid retail managers minimise the impact of push and pull variables. Information provision and merchandising strategies can dissuade highly involved consumers from searching extensively. Similarly, selective lock‐in strategies can reduce the attractions of alternative channels. This work contributes to the growing body of studies that investigate the effect of information search in a multichannel context.
An Artificial Cofactor Catalyzing the Baylis‐Hillman Reaction with Designed Streptavidin as Protein Host**
Authors: Lechner Horst , Emann Vincent R. , Breuning M. , Höcker Birte 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn artificial cofactor based on an organocatalyst embedded in a protein has been used to conduct the Baylis‐Hillman reaction in a buffered system. As protein host, we chose streptavidin, as it can be easily crystallized and thereby supports the design process. The protein host around the cofactor was rationally designed on the basis of high‐resolution crystal structures obtained after each variation of the amino acid sequence. Additionally, DFT‐calculated intermediates and transition states were used to rationalize the observed activity. Finally, repeated cycles of structure determination and redesign led to a system with an up to one order of magnitude increase in activity over the bare cofactor and to the most active proteinogenic catalyst for the Baylis‐Hillman reaction known today.
Outcomes of transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement among solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Elbadawi Ayman , Ugwu Justin , Elgendy Islam Y. , Megaly Michael , Ogunbayo Gbolahan O. , Omer Mohamed A. , Elzeneini Mohammed , Chatila Khaled , Al‐Azizi Karim , Goel Sachin S. , Gafoor Sameer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of data regarding the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) versus surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) among solid‐organ transplant recipients.MethodsTemporal trends in hospitalizations for aortic valve replacement among solid‐organ transplant recipients were determined using the National Inpatient Sample database years 2012–2017. Propensity matching was conducted to compare admissions who underwent TAVR versus SAVR. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality.ResultsThe analysis included 1,730 hospitalizations for isolated AVR; 920 (53.2%) underwent TAVR and 810 (46.7%) underwent SAVR. TAVR was increasingly utilized for solid‐organ transplant recipients (Ptrend = 0.01), while there was no change in the number of SAVR procedures (Ptrend = 0.20). The predictors of undergoing TAVR for solid‐organ transplant recipients included older age, diabetes, and prior coronary artery bypass surgery, while TAVR was less likely utilized in small‐sized hospitals. TAVR was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality after matching (0.9 vs. 4.7%, odds ratio [OR] 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11–0.35, p < .001) and after multivariable adjustment (OR 0.07; 95% CI 0.03–0.21, p < .001). TAVR was associated with lower rate of acute kidney injury, acute stroke, postoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, vascular complications, discharge to nursing facilities, and shorter median length of hospital stay. There was no difference between both groups in the use of mechanical circulatory support, hemodialysis, arrhythmias, or pacemaker insertion.ConclusionThis contemporary observational nationwide analysis showed that TAVR is increasingly performed among solid‐organ transplant recipients. Compared with SAVR, TAVR was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality, complications, and shorter length of stay.
Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell Power Boosted by Natural Chitin Degradation and Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Salgado‐Dávalos Víctor , Osorio‐Avilés Sthefany , Kamaraj Sathish Kumar , Vega‐Alvarado Leticia , Juárez Katy , Silva‐Martínez Susana , Alvarez‐Gallegos Alberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn economic and simple sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) design is evaluated to improve the recovery of energy from a river sediment, in terms of power density output (maximum power pick) normalized to the cathode surface. The organic matter content in the sediment is boosted by adding abundant, natural, and waste biomass (chitin) near the anode surface. The sluggish kinetics in the two‐electron reduction reaction of O2 at the C‐cathode is replaced with an efficient four‐electron reduction reaction at the MnO2/C cathode. Five SMFCs composed of a common carbon fabric (CF) cathode and different unmodified anode materials, such as reticulate vitreous carbon (RVC: 10, 30, and 60 pore per inch, ppi), CF and commercial stainless‐steel (SS) mesh, are evaluated. The catholyte conductivity improved with Na2SO4. The results show that the power density output increased a 100‐fold when an MnO2/CF‐cathode is used with Na2SO4 catholyte and the anolyte contained chitin. A microbial analysis of the SMFC sediment is performed. The bacterial groups identified, mainly Aminicenantia and Deltaproteobacteria, offer metabolic capacities to participate in the degradation of organic matter in the presence of chitin. Therefore, bacterial groups enriched in the anode biofilm produce electrical energy.
N‐Substituted Acridinium as a Multi‐Responsive Recognition Unit in Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Jacquot de Rouville Henri‐Pierre , Hu Johnny , Heitz Valérie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe N‐substituted acridinium motif is an electron‐deficient unit with appealing multi‐responsive properties which have been exploited in the field of supramolecular chemistry. This building block reversibly alters its shape, with its chemical and optical properties in response to a chemical or redox signal. In this Review, we discuss selected examples where the switchable properties of 9‐aryl‐N‐methyl‐acridinium lead to actuators, multi‐input and multi‐output systems, host or guest systems, and to interlocked systems with controllable motion.
The exclosure cage technique revisited: Pasture responses under continuous stocking and their relationship with estimates of forage accumulation in grazing experiments
Authors: Yasuoka Junior I. , Pedreira Carlos G. S. , Holschuch Solange G. , Almeida Otávio G. , Pedroso Gabriel B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractForage accumulation (FA) is a key response in grazing experiments, and estimates of FA in continuously stocked pastures are often obtained using exclosure cages. This study evaluated how 14‐, 21‐, and 28‐d exclusion periods using cages affected morphological, physiological, and morphogenetic responses of continuously stocked ‘Mulato II’ hybrid brachiariagrass (Brachiaria spp. syn. Urochloa spp.) pastures maintained at 20‐ and 30‐cm canopy height and how this affected estimates of FA. Grazing exclusion resulted in greater rates of leaf elongation (LER; 1.62 vs. 1.37 cm tiller−1 d−1), stem elongation (SER; 0.16 vs. 0.07 cm tiller−1 d−1), leaf growth (101 vs. 86 kg dry matter [DM] ha−1 d−1), and stem growth (3.4 vs. 1.8 kg DM ha−1 d−1) inside the cages compared with outside. Greater LER resulted in greater final leaf length and leaf area index (LAI) in longer exclusion periods. With greater LAI, photosynthesis was greater within the exclosure cages than on pasture (54.5 vs. 43.9 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1). Greater leaf growth rate, together with same tiller population density and leaf senescence rate (LSR) across exclusion periods, resulted in overestimated FA by 14, 26, and 24% for 14‐, 21‐, and 28‐d exclusions, respectively. There was no effect of canopy height on FA, because greater LER and SER values in 30‐cm canopies were compensated by greater LSR. Choice of sites for cage placement by visual appraisal and reduced number of sampling sites resulted on “negative” values of calculated FA for the 14‐d exclusion, making the choice of sampling sites a major source of error in estimation of actual FA. Increasing the number of sampling sites and using indirect measurements of forage mass (FM) may increase the accuracy of FM and FA estimates.