bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Environmental Flow Implementation Options with Structured Decision Making: Case Study from the Willamette River, Oregon
Authors: DeWeber J. Tyrell , Peterson James T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany frameworks have been used to identify environmental flows for sustaining river ecosystems or specific taxa in the face of widespread flow alteration. However, these frameworks largely focus on identifying suitable flows and often ignore the important links between management actions, resulting flows, and valued ecosystem or social responses. Structured decision making (SDM) could assist the comparison of environmental flows by providing a mature framework to link management actions to objectives via environmental flow science. We describe SDM and illustrate its application using a case study focused on comparing environmental flow scenarios for the mainstem Willamette River, Oregon. In a short timeframe, SDM was applied to identify objectives, develop empirical and expert opinion‐based models, and compare flow scenarios while accounting for interannual flow variability and partial controllability. No scenario was clearly preferred based on available knowledge, largely because river flows could only be partially controlled through dam operations. Participants agreed that SDM was useful for comparing alternative dam operations, but that refined predictive models and additional objectives were needed to better inform basinwide flow decisions. In our view, SDM can provide more realistic comparisons of environmental flows by accounting for partial controllability and uncertainty, which may result in greater implementation of available flow management actions.
Importance of muldisciplinary management of giant mediastinal sarcoma: A case report with phrenic nerve reconstruction
Authors: Frasca Luca , Longo Filippo , Tacchi Giovanni , Stilo Francesco , Zito Anna , Brunetti Beniamino , Depalma Massimiliano , Crucitti Pierfilippo 
Published: April 2020

Primary synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue tumor which originates from synovial‐like undeveloped mesenchymal structures. Here, we report the case of a giant mediastinal sarcoma in a 41‐year‐old female patient. After diagnosis, she underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Due to its low efficacy, we collegially decided to undergo cytoreductive debulking surgery. The mass invaded the phrenic nerve bilaterally and its excision caused a severe lesion of the left nerve and a partial impairment of the right one. Thus, plastic surgeons decided to reconstruct the right phrenic nerve employing the contralateral remaining fibers.The invasiveness of this tumor, its difficult removal, histological profile and the peculiar technique to preserve diaphragmatic function classify this case as very rare. The therapeutic strategy was based on interdisciplinary teamwork which comprised several specialists' opinions. Our strategy allowed us to pursue the challenging objective to give a young woman with a severe diagnosis the best possible chance of achieving a good quality of life.To the best of our knowledge, this phrenic nerve reconstructive technique is very rare and has not previously been reported in the literature. The report emphasizes that it is possible to deal with an apparently impossible case through a collaborative approach involving several different medical specialist professionals.
Efficacy of dupilumab in atopic comorbidities associated with moderate‐to‐severe adult atopic dermatitis
Authors: Nettis Eustachio , Patella Vincenzo , Lombardo Carla , Detoraki Aikaterini , Macchia Luigi , Di Leo Elisabetta , Carbonara Monica , Canonica Giorgio W. , Bonzano Laura 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDupilumab is an anti‐IL‐4Rα antibody used in the treatment of patients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (msAD).This study explored the potential benefit of dupilumab in perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (PAR) and perennial allergic asthma (PAA) caused by indoor allergens in adults with msAD.MethodsThis multicentric, prospective, observational, real‐life study included adult patients with msAD who had been treated with dupilumab in 16 Italian care centres. Efficacy outcomes regarding AD, PAR and PAA were collected at baseline and 16 weeks. Safety was also assessed.ResultsWe enrolled 123 patients with msAD. Between baseline and 16 weeks of treatment, the following measurements decreased statistically significantly: Eczema Area and Severity Index, SCOring AD, Patient‐Oriented Eczema Measure, pruritus score, sleep score, Dermatology Life Quality Index and IgE.Dupilumab treatment in patients with comorbid PAR (n = 41) was associated with significant improvements in PAR disease control (measured using a Rhinitis Control Scoring System) and in PAR Quality of life (QoL) (measured using the Rhinoconjunctivitis QoL Questionnaire scores).In 32 patients with comorbid PAA, dupilumab significantly improved PAA control (measured using the Asthma Control Test and five‐item Asthma Control Questionnaire scores) and disease‐related QoL (measured using the Asthma QoL Questionnaire scores). Thirty‐five patients (28.5%) developed conjunctivitis during the study period.ConclusionThese results support the benefits of dupilumab for adult patients with PAR and/or PAA associated with msAD.
Protecting vulnerable patients with inherited anaemias from unnecessary death during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Roy Noémi B. A. , Telfer Paul , Eleftheriou Perla , de la Fuente Josu , Drasar Emma , Shah Farrukh , Roberts David , Atoyebi Wale , Trompeter Sara , Layton D. Mark , Lugthart Sanne , Stuart‐Smith Sara , Chakravorty Subarna , Wright Josh , Porter John , Inusa Baba , Howard Jo ,   National Haemoglobinopathy Panel
Published: April 2020

SummaryWith the developing COVID‐19 pandemic, patients with inherited anaemias require specific advice regarding isolation and changes to usual treatment schedules. The National Haemoglobinopathy Panel (NHP) has issued guidance on the care of patients with sickle cell disease, thalassaemia, Diamond Blackfan anaemia (DBA), congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA), sideroblastic anaemia, pyruvate kinase deficiency and other red cell enzyme and membrane disorders. Cascading of accurate information for clinicians and patients is paramount to preventing adverse outcomes, such as patients who are at increased risk of fulminant bacterial infection due to their condition or its treatment erroneously self‐isolating if their fever is mistakenly attributed to a viral cause, delaying potentially life‐saving antibiotic therapy. Outpatient visits should be minimised for most patients, however some, such as first transcranial dopplers for children with sickle cell anaemia should not be delayed as known risk of stroke will outweigh the unknown risk from COVID‐19 infection. Blood transfusion programmes should be continued, but specific changes to usual clinical pathways can be instituted to reduce risk of patient exposure to COVID‐19, as well as contingency planning for possible reductions in blood available for transfusions. Bone marrow transplants for these disorders should be postponed until further notice. With the current lack of evidence on the risk and complications of COVID‐19 infection in these patients, national data collection is ongoing to record outcomes and eventually to identify predictors of disease severity, particularly important if further waves of infection travel through the population.
A modified sequential vascular control strategy in robot‐assisted level III–IV inferior vena cava thrombectomy: initial series mimicking the open ‘milking’ technique principle
Authors: Shen Donglai , Du Songliang , Huang Qingbo , Gao Yu , Fan Yang , Gu Liangyou , Liu Kan , Peng Cheng , Xuan Yundong , Li Pin , Li Hongzhao , Ma Xin , Zhang Xu , Wang Baojun 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo introduce a modified sequential vascular control strategy, mimicking the open ‘milking’ technique principle, for the early release of the first porta hepatis (FPH) and to stop cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in level III–IV robot‐assisted inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombectomy (RA‐IVCTE). Patients and methodsFrom November 2014 to June 2019, 27 patients with a level III–IV IVC tumour thrombus (IVCTT) underwent RA‐IVCTE in our department. The modified sequential control strategy was used in 12 cases. Previously, we released the FPH after the thrombus was resected and the IVC was closed completely, and CPB was stopped at the end of surgery (15 patients). Presently, using our modified strategy, we place another tourniquet inferior to the second porta hepatis (SPH) once the proximal thrombus is removed from the IVC below the SPH. Then, we suture the right atrium and perform early release of the FPH, and stop CPB. Finally, tumour thrombectomy, vascular reconstruction, and radical nephrectomy are performed.ResultsCompared with the previous strategy, the modified steps resulted in a shorter median FPH clamping (19 vs 47 min, P < 0.001) and CPB times (60 vs 87 min, P < 0.05); a lower rate of Grade II–IV perioperative complications (25% vs 60%, P < 0.05); and better postoperative hepatorenal and coagulation function, including better median serum alanine aminotransferase (172.7 vs 465.4 U/L, P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (282.4 vs 759.8 U/L, P < 0.001), creatinine (113.4 vs 295 μmol/L, P < 0.01), blood urea nitrogen (7.3 vs 16.7 mmol/L, P < 0.01), and D‐dimer (5.9 vs 20 mg/L, P < 0.001) levels.ConclusionWith the early release of the FPH and stopping CPB, the modified sequential vascular control strategy in level III–IV RA‐IVCTE reduced the perioperative risk for selected patients and improved the feasibility and safety of the surgery. We would recommend this approach to other centres that plan to develop robotic surgery for renal cell carcinoma with level III–IV IVCTT in the future.
Postglacial history of East European boreal forests in the mid‐Kama region, pre‐Urals, Russia
Authors: Shumilovskikh Lyudmila S. , Schmidt Monika , Pereskokov Mikhail , Sannikov Pavel 
Published: April 2020

The Ural Mountains are an important climatic and biogeographical barrier between European and Siberian forests. In order to shed light on the postglacial formation and evolution of the boreal forests in the European pre‐Urals, we obtained a peat sediment core, Chernaya, from the Paltinskoe bog located between the southern taiga and hemiboreal forest zone in the mid‐Kama region. We carried out pollen analysis, non‐pollen palynomorph analysis, loss‐on‐ignition tests and radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon dated records provide centennial to decennial resolution of the vegetation and environmental history of the European pre‐Urals for the last 8.8 ka. The postglacial formation of the pre‐Uralian hemiboreal forests reveals four important phases: (i) the dominance of Siberian taiga and forest‐steppe in the Early Holocene and beginning of the Middle Holocene (8.8–6.9 ka), indicating a dry climate; (ii) the spread of spruce and European broadleaved trees in the Middle Holocene (6.9–4 ka) under wetter climate conditions; (iii) the maximum extent of broadleaved trees coinciding with the arrival and spread of Siberian fir in the Late Holocene (4–2.3 ka); and (iv) the decline of broadleaved trees since the Early Iron Age (2.3 ka – present) possibly due to general climate cooling and logging. While temperate broadleaved trees possibly spread from local refugia in the Urals, fir arrived from Siberia and spread further west. The carbon accumulation rate of Paltinskoe bog (18.9±10.16 g C m−2 a−1) is close to the average value of carbon accumulation of northern peatlands. Local development of peat is characterized by non‐gradual growth with a phase of intensive carbon accumulation between 3.5 and 2.3 ka. The vegetation was strongly influenced by fire in the Early Holocene and by humans since the Early Iron Age practicing deforestation, agriculture and pasture. Phases of increased anthropogenic activity correlate well with the local archaeological data.
Paradox of Supply Chain Integration and Firm Performance: The Moderating Roles of Distributive and Procedural Justice*
Authors: Wei Shaobo , Yin Jinmei , Chen Xiayu 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe existing literature has increasingly recognized the important role of supply chain integration (SCI) in shaping a firm's superior performance. However, our understanding on how to improve the creation and appropriation of the value from the SCI remains limited. On the basis of uncertainty management theory and social exchange theory, we theorize how distributive and procedural justice play distinctive roles in the SCI value creation and appropriation. Data collected from 113 manufacturing firms in China reveal that distributive justice negatively moderates the relationship between internal and external integration, but positively moderates the relationship between external integration and firm performance. By contrast, procedural justice positively moderates the relationship between internal and external integration, yet insignificantly moderates the relationship between external integration and firm performance. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are also discussed.
Undertreatment of cardiovascular risk factors in the type 1 diabetes exchange clinic network (United States) and the prospective diabetes follow‐up (Germany/Austria) registries
Authors: Shah Viral N. , Grimsmann Julia M. , Foster Nicole C. , Dost Axel , Miller Kellee M. , Pavel Marianne , Weinstock Ruth S. , Karges Wolfram , Maahs David M. , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo examine the control of cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetes (T1D) registries from the United States and Germany/Austria.Materials and MethodsData on individuals aged ≥12 years with T1D for ≥1 year, from the T1D Exchange Clinic Network (T1DX, United States) and the Prospective Diabetes Follow‐up Registry (DPV, Germany/Austria) from 1 January 2016 to 31 March 2018 were analysed. Linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age groups, sex, duration of diabetes and minority status were used to compare clinical characteristics and achievement of diabetes management targets between registries.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 47 936 patients (T1DX, n = 19 442; DPV, n = 28 494). Achievement of HbA1c goals (<7.0%, ages 18‐65 years; all others, <7.5%) was better in the DPV for those aged <65 years (all P < .001). However, more older adults (aged ≥65 years) in the T1DX achieved an HbA1c goal of <7.5% compared with DPV (70% vs. 50%, P < .001). The frequency of patients with overweight (53% vs. 51%, P < .001) and obesity (19% vs. 9%, P < .001) was higher in T1DX. The frequency of meeting blood pressure goals (84% vs. 66%, P < .001) and lipid goals (73% vs. 62%, P < .001) was higher in T1DX; this was observed across all age groups (all P < .001). Few young adults aged <26 years received antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering medications, respectively, despite indications in both registries (T1DX: 5% and 3%, DPV: 3% and 1%).ConclusionA minority of patients with T1D achieve glycaemic targets and the majority are inadequately treated for hypertension and dyslipidaemia. This highlights the need for improved diabetes and cardiovascular risk management strategies in T1D.
Days absent from work as a result of complications associated with type 2 diabetes: Evidence from 20 years of linked national registry data in Sweden
Authors: Persson Sofie , Johansen Pierre , Andersson Emelie , Lindgren Peter , Thielke Desirée , Thorsted Brian L. , Jendle Johan , Steen Carlsson Katarina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo analyse days absent from work related to individual microvascular, macrovascular and other complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify key drivers of absence.Materials and methodsNational health and socio‐economic individual‐level data were analysed for the years 1997 to 2016 for people with T2D, and age‐, sex‐ and residential region‐matched controls (5:1) using linkage to Swedish national administrative registers, based on personal identity numbers. Regression analyses accounting for individual‐level clustering and education were estimated to obtain days absent by individual complications. Alternative analyses, for example, workforce indicator and age subgroups, were explored for robustness and comparison purposes.ResultsA total of 413 000 people with T2D aged <66 years, comprising 4.9 million person‐years, was included. The crude proportion with any absence was higher among those with T2D compared to controls (47% vs. 26%) in the index year, and the median (IQR) number of days was higher (223 [77;359] vs. 196 [59;352]) if any absence. Regression analyses showed that complications per se were a key driver of days absent: stroke (+102 days); end‐stage renal disease (+70 days); severe vision loss (+56 days); and angina pectoris, heart failure, and osteoarthritis (+53 days each). The alternative analyses showed similar levels of days absent and age subgroups differed in expected directions.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of the persisting impact on productivity from complications that supports continued efforts to reduce risk factors in T2D. Future studies on burden of disease and economic evaluations of new therapies and disease management may use this new set of complication‐specific estimates to improve understanding of the value of reducing complications.
From the Historical Reformation to the “Digital Reformation”
Authors: Puntel Joana T. , Sbardelotto Moisés 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article analyzes the challenges presented for contemporary theological thinking by the current shifts in communication, starting from the concept of a “digital reformation” as a counterpart to the theological revolution that occurred with the historical Reformation. It goes on to consider how processes of communication on the Internet require us to rethink certain theological categories – from the new and renewed ways of constituting and manifesting theological knowledge within the digital environment through the emergence of new loci, subjects, and theological syntheses. We conclude that the challenges of contemporary digital culture and the need for a connected theology mean that theology, as a field of knowledge, requires a new theological synthesis.
“Andif you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss gazes also into thee”: four morphs of Arctic charr adapting to a depth gradient in Lake Tinnsjøen
Authors: Østbye Kjartan , Hagen Hassve Marius , Peris Tamayo Ana‐Maria , Hagenlund Mari , Vogler Thomas , Præbel Kim 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe origin of species is a central topic in biology. Ecological speciation might be a driver in adaptive radiation, providing a framework for understanding mechanisms, level, and rate of diversification. The Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus L. is a polymorphic species with huge morphological and life‐history diversity in Holarctic water systems. We studied adaptive radiation of Arctic charr in the 460‐m‐deep Lake Tinnsjøen to (a) document eco‐morphology and life‐history traits of morphs, (b) estimate reproductive isolation of morphs, and (c) illuminate Holarctic phylogeography and lineages colonizing Lake Tinnsjøen. We compared Lake Tinnsjøen with four Norwegian outgroup populations. Four field‐assigned morphs were identified in Lake Tinnsjøen: the planktivore morph in all habitats except deep profundal, the dwarf morph in shallow‐moderate profundal, the piscivore morph mainly in shallow‐moderate profundal, and a new undescribed abyssal morph in the deep profundal. Morphs displayed extensive life‐history variation in age and size. A moderate‐to‐high concordance was observed among morphs and four genetic clusters from microsatellites. mtDNA suggested two minor endemic clades in Lake Tinnsjøen originating from one widespread colonizing clade in the Holarctic. All morphs were genetically differentiated at microsatellites (FST: 0.12–0.20), associated with different mtDNA clade frequencies. Analyses of outgroup lakes implied colonization from a river below Lake Tinnsjøen. Our findings suggest postglacial adaptive radiation of one colonizing mtDNA lineage with niche specialization along a depth–temperature–productivity–pressure gradient. Concordance between reproductive isolation and habitats of morphs implies ecological speciation as a mechanism. Particularly novel is the extensive morph diversification with depth into the often unexplored deepwater profundal habitat, suggesting we may have systematically underestimated biodiversity in lakes. In a biological conservation framework, it is imperative to protect endemic below‐species‐level biodiversity, particularly so since within‐species variation comprises an extremely important component of the generally low total biodiversity observed in the northern freshwater systems.
Dual sensory impairment and healthcare use: Findings from a nationally representative sample
Authors: Hajek André , König Hans‐Helmut 
Published: April 2020

AimDual sensory impairment (DSI) is a common phenomenon in later life. However, only a few studies investigated whether DSI is associated with healthcare use. Therefore, our purpose was to determine whether DSI is associated with healthcare use among older adults.MethodsData were taken from the most recent sixth wave of the German Ageing Survey. When self‐reported hearing problems and visual impairment were both present, individuals were classified as dual sensory impaired. The frequency of general practitioner (GP) visits, frequency of specialist visits and hospitalization were used as outcome measures. Covariates (mainly based on self‐reports) were selected based on Andersen's behavioral model. In total, 5081 observations were in our analytical sample.ResultsAmong individuals with DSI, mean ± SD number of GP visits was 4.4 ± 4.7, mean ± SD number of specialist visits was 3.7 ± 5.0, and 23.2% were hospitalized in the past 12 months. Among individuals without sensory impairment, mean ± SD number of GP visits was 3.0 ± 3.6, mean ± SD number of specialist visits was 2.4 ± 3.4, and 17% were hospitalized in the past 12 months. Negative binomial regressions revealed that the presence of DSI was associated with increased specialist visits (incidence rate ratio = 1.17 [95% confidence interval: 1.06–1.28]), whereas it was not associated with GP visits and hospitalization.ConclusionsEven after adjusting for several covariates, individuals with DSI had higher specialist visits than individuals without DSI. As the presence of DSI is associated with an increased economic burden, efforts to prevent or delay DSI may be beneficial. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 602–606.
Definitions used for a healthy periodontium—A systematic review
Authors: Li An , Thomas Renske Z. , van der Sluis Luc , Tjakkes Geerten‐Has , Slot Dagmar Else 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the explicitness and variability of the definition of periodontal health in the current scientific literature.Material and methodsThe authors conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed and CENTRAL (2013‐01/2019‐05) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the guidelines of the Meta‐analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement.ResultsA total of 51 papers met the predefined inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 papers did not report any explicit definitions of periodontal health. Out of the 38 remaining articles, half of them used a reference to support their definition and half of them not. The studies published in periodontics‐related journals or those that scored a low risk of bias for the methodical quality presented more explicit and valid definitions. Probing pocket depth was the most frequently used individual parameter for defining periodontal health. However, there were substantial variations in the methods of measurement and cut‐off values.ConclusionsGiven the diversity of periodontal health definitions, a cross‐study comparison is difficult. The results of this review may be useful in making others aware of the significance of standardizing the definition of a healthy periodontium.