bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unbiased enrichment of urine exfoliated cells on nanostructured substrates for sensitive detection of urothelial tumor cells
Authors: Wang Xin , Gu Yuanyuan , Zhang Shiwei , Li Gangqiang , Liu Tianyao , Wang Tianwei , Qin Haixiang , Jiang Bo , Zhu Lin , Li Yajun , Lei Haozhi , Li Ming , Zhang Qun , Yang Rong , Fang Feng , Guo Hongqian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of urothelial carcinoma (UC) by noninvasive diagnostic methods with high accuracy is still underscored. This study aimed to develop a noninvasive assay incorporating both enrichment of urine exfoliated cells and immunoassays for UC detection.MethodsPolystyrene dishes were exposed to oxygen plasma and modified with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane to prepare amine‐functionalized nanostructured substrates (NS). Performance characterization of NS was evaluated by atomic force microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Urine exfoliated cells were captured by NS and then immunostained to detect urinary tumor cells (UTCs), which was called UTC assay. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under ROC curve (AUC), and Youden index were used to find the cutoff value of UTC assay. ROC analysis and McNemar test were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of UTC assay with cytology. Kappa test was used to analyze the agreement of UTC assay and cytology with pathological diagnosis.ResultsNanostructured substrates had good cell binding yields of nucleated cells and tumor cells. CK20+CD45−CD11b− cells were considered as UTCs. UTC number ≥ 1 per sample could be considered as a positive result. By AUC and Kappa analysis, UTC assay showed good performance in UC detection. McNemar test demonstrated that UTC assay had a superior sensitivity even in low‐grade subgroup and a similar specificity compared to cytology in UC diagnosis.ConclusionsNanostructured substrates could be used to enrich the exfoliated cells from urine samples. UTC assay with NS has the potential to play a role in UC detection. The value of this assay still needs additional validation by large, multi‐center studies.
Downregulation of NUSAP1 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via inhibiting mTORC1 signalling pathway in gastric cancer
Authors: Ge Yugang , Li Qiang , Lin Linling , Jiang Mingkun , Shi Liang , Wang Biao , Yang Li , Xu Zekuan 
Published: November 2019

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer‐related death worldwide, and outstanding biomarkers for therapeutic targets or predicting GC survival are still lacking. Increasing evidence indicated that nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) involved in regulating the progression of various cancers; however, its specific role in GC remained unclear. In this study, we found that NUSAP1 was upregulated in the GC tissues and cell lines via analysing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), gene expression omnibus (GEO), qRT‐PCR, and western blot assays. Patients with high NUSAP1 expression levels showed shorter free‐progression survival (FPS), larger tumour size, and higher lymphatic metastasis rate compared with those with low NUSAP1 expression. Further functional experiments revealed knockdown of NUSAP1 could inhibit the growth, migration, and invasion of GC cells in vitro and vivo. Additionally, silencing NUSAP1 induced G0/G1 phase arrest, apoptosis, and suppressed the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Finally, we performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and observed NUSAP1 was positive with mTORC1 signalling pathway, which was verified by the subsequent immunoblotting. In conclusion, our findings suggested that NUSAP1 contributed to GC progression and may act as a potential therapeutic target for GC.Significance of the studyOur results firstly illuminated that NUSAP1 expression was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and predicted poor FPS. Silencing it could attenuate GC progression via inhibiting mTORC1 signalling pathway. Hence, NUSAP1 may act as a promising therapy target for GC.
miR‐122‐5p negatively regulates the transforming growth factor‐β/Smad signaling pathway in skeletal muscle myogenesis
Authors: Ding Zheci , Lin Jinrong , Sun Yaying , Cong Shuang , Liu Shaohua , Zhang Yuhan , Chen Qingyan , Chen Jiwu 
Published: November 2019

Regeneration remains a major challenge in skeletal muscle repair after injury. Recently, transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)/Smad pathway was found to play an important role in inhibiting myogenesis, a crucial stage in skeletal muscle regeneration. In our previous study, microRNA‐122‐5p (miR‐122) was proved to have the function of downregulating TGF‐β/Smad pathway. Theoretically, miR‐122 might also be involved in the process of skeletal muscle myogenesis through the regulation of TGF‐β/Smad pathway. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of miR‐122 on skeletal muscle myogenesis and explore its underlying mechanism. Results showed that miR‐122 and myogenic markers were downregulated in C2C12 cells after TGF‐β stimulation, and miR‐122 overexpression could restore the myogenesis inhibited by TGF‐β. We then located TGFBR2 as the direct target of miR‐122 and discovered the effect of miR‐122 overexpression could be rescued by TGFBR2 overexpression. Further, the downstream molecules of TGFBR2 in the TGF‐β/Smad pathway were found to be suppressed by miR‐122. In conclusion, miR‐122 could suppress the TGF‐β/Smad signalling pathway by directly targeting TGFBR2 and, consequently, restore myogenesis.Significance of the studyRegeneration remains a major challenge in skeletal muscle repair after injury. In this study, it was found that miR‐122 could suppress the TGF‐β/Smad signalling pathway by directly targeting TGFBR2 and, consequently, restore myogenesis. Our findings could inspire future experiments on the role of miRs in skeletal muscle diseases and future translational studies on potential novel gene therapy for skeletal muscle injury.
AuPd bimetal immobilized on amine‐functionalized SBA‐15 for hydrogen generation from formic acid: The effect of the ratio of toluene to DMF
Authors: Liu Mo , Zhang Qiulin , Shi Yuzhen , Wang Huimin , Wei Guangcheng , Zhang Tengxiang , Sun Haiyang , Wang Jifeng , Zhang Yaqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe volume ratio of toluene to N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) was adjusted during the amine functionalization of SBA‐15 to change the amine content of SBA‐15. XPS, FTIR, and TGA analyses indicated that under the experimental synthetic conditions the number of amine groups varies with the ratio of toluene/DMF, and the highest content of amine could be obtained with a volume ratio of toluene/DMF = 3:2. The hydrogen production experiment of formic acid decomposition showed that the hydrogen production efficiency over the Au‐Pd‐SBA‐15‐NH2 catalysts increased with the increase in the surface amine content of the Au‐Pd‐SBA‐15‐NH2. The optimal Au‐Pd‐SBA‐15‐NH2‐TD (toluene/DMF = 3:2) catalyst proved to have the smallest Au‐Pd bimetal nanoparticle size and exhibited a turnover frequency (TOF) = 631 hours−1 and an activation energy (Ea) = 20.8 kJ · mol−1 at 25°C. The catalytic performance of hydrogen generation from the formic acid was improved due to the synergistic effect between the amine‐functionalized SBA‐15 and the Au‐Pd bimetal (metal‐support interactions).
Role of the Wnt signaling pathway in keratoacanthoma
Authors: Joshi Sarita , De Angelis Paula M. , Zucknick Manuela , Schjølberg Aasa R. , Andersen Solveig Norheim , Clausen Ole Petter F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundKeratoacanthoma (KA) has a unique life cycle of rapid growth and spontaneous regression that shows similarities to the hair follicle cycle, which involves an active Wnt signaling during physiological regeneration. We analyzed the expression of the Wnt signaling proteins β‐catenin, Lef1, Sox9, and Cyclin D1 in young and old human KAs to investigate a possible role for Wnt signaling in KAs.AimTo investigate the role of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in human KAs.Methods and ResultsFormalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue samples of 67 KAs were analyzed for protein expression using immunohistochemistry. The majority of KAs were positive for Sox9 and Cyclin D1 but not for nuclear‐localized β‐catenin or Lef‐1. No significant differences in protein expressions were seen between young and old KAs. However, we found a significant association between Ki67 and Cyclin D1 proteins (P= .008).ConclusionsThe Wnt signaling pathway does not appear to play a significant role in the biogenesis of human KA. Sox9 overexpression may be indicative of inhibition of Wnt signaling. Sox‐9 and Cyclin D1 are proliferation markers that are most likely transactivated by alternate signaling pathways.
Cray programming environments within containers on Cray XC systems
Authors: Martinasso Maxime , Gila Miguel , Sawyer William , Sarmiento Rafael , Peretti‐Pezzi Guilherme , Karakasis Vasileios 
Published: November 2019

SummaryWe present a methodology to enable the complete software development life cycle on Cray XC systems within a container that can hold any version of the Cray Programming Environment (CPE). The installation of the CPE inside a container facilitates many aspects of the typical HPC support and operation workloads of managing Cray XC systems such as testing new CPEs, comparing CPE performances, or keeping software built with an old CPE running on updated systems. The procedure for creating a container with a CPE inside consists of three steps: the creation of a container holding the targeted CPE, the compilation of the desired software within such containers, and the packaging of the resulting binaries, libraries, and dependencies within a second lightweight container. We showcase the methodology by fulfilling a user requirement of running a two‐year‐old version of the COSMO model built with an old CPE 16.11 on today's system.
A service‐based framework for building and executing epidemic simulation applications in the cloud
Authors: Parlavantzas Nikos , Pham Linh Manh , Morin Christine , Arnoux Sandie , Beaunée Gaël , Qi Luyuan , Gontier Philippe , Ezanno Pauline 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe cloud has emerged as an attractive platform for resource‐intensive scientific applications, such as epidemic simulators. However, building and executing such applications in the cloud presents multiple challenges, including exploiting elasticity, handling failures, and simplifying multi‐cloud deployment. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel service‐based framework called DiFFuSE that enables simulation applications with a bag‐of‐tasks structure to fully exploit cloud platforms. This paper describes how the framework is applied to restructure two legacy applications, simulating the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, into elastic cloud‐native applications. Experimental results show that the framework enhances application performance and allows exploring different cost‐performance trade‐offs while supporting automatic failure handling and elastic resource acquisition from multiple clouds.
Blockchain and edge computing–based architecture for participatory smart city applications
Authors: Khan Zaheer , Abbasi Abdul Ghafoor , Pervez Zeeshan 
Published: November 2019

SummarySmart cities aim to provide smart governance with the emphasis on gaining high transparency and trust in public services and enabling citizen participation in decision making processes. This means on the one hand data generated from urban transactions need to be open and trustworthy. On the other hand, security and privacy of public data needs to be handled at different administrative and geographical levels. In this paper, we investigate the pivotal role of blockchain in providing privacy, self‐verification, authentication, and authorization of participatory transactions in open governance. We also investigate up to what extent edge computing can contribute toward management of permissioned sharing at specific administrative levels and enhance privacy and provide an economic approach for resource utilization in a distributed environment. We introduce a novel architecture that is based on distributed hybrid ledger and edge computing model. The architecture provides refined and secure management of data generated and processed in different geographical and administrative units of a city. We implemented a proof of concept of the architecture and applied it on a carefully designed use case, ie, citizen participation in administrative decisions through consensus. This use case highlights the need to keep and process citizen participation data at local level by deploying district chaincodes and only share consensus results through permissioned chaincodes. The results reveal that proposed architecture is scalable and provide secure and privacy protected environment for citizen participatory applications. Our performance test results are promising and show that under control conditions, the average registration time for a citizen transaction is about 42 ms, whilst the validation and result compilation of 100 concurrent citizens' transactions took about 2.4 seconds.
Exploring Organic Metal Halides with Reversible Temperature‐Responsive Dual‐Emissive Photoluminescence
Authors: Jiang Xiaomei , Xia Shengqing , Zhang Jian , Ju Dianxing , Liu Yang , Hu Xiaobo , Wang Lei , Chen Zhaolai , Tao Xutang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe exceptional structural tunability of organic metal halides endows them with fascinating electronic and photophysical properties, providing much scope for applications. In this work, single crystals of the organic metal halide (C4H9NH3)2MnI4 are found to show reversible thermo‐induced luminescent chromism within a wide temperature range. The (C4H9NH3)2MnI4 single crystal exhibits two emission peaks at 550 and 672 nm, which are assigned to a d–d transition of Mn2+‐centered tetrahedra and self‐trapped excitons, respectively. The temperature‐dependent emission color change is attributed to the thermo‐induced trapping and detrapping process of the self‐trapped exciton. (C4H9NH3)2MnI4 exhibits a maximum photoluminescence quantum efficiency of up to 68 % at 70 °C. The disclosed interacted photoluminescence decay mechanisms may prove useful for the further design of organic metal halides for optical thermometry.
A‐ and B‐site Codoped SrFeO3 Oxygen Sorbents for Enhanced Chemical Looping Air Separation
Authors: Dou Jian , Krzystowczyk Emily , Wang Xijun , Robbins Thomas , Ma Liang , Liu Xingbo , Li Fanxing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChemical‐looping air separation has numerous potential benefits in terms of energy saving and emission reductions. The current study details a combination of density functional theory calculation and experimental efforts to design A‐ and B‐site codoped SrFeO3 perovskites as “low‐temperature” oxygen sorbents for chemical‐looping air separation. Substitution of the SrFeO3 host structure with Ca and Co lowers oxygen vacancy formation energy by 0.24–0.46 eV and decreases the oxygen release temperature. As a result, Sr1−xCaxFe1−yCoyO3 (SCFC; x=0.2, 0.0<y<1.0) spontaneously releases oxygen at 400–500 °C even under a relatively high oxygen partial pressure (e.g. P
=0.05 atm). Sr0.8Ca0.2Fe0.4Co0.6O3 exhibits a significantly higher oxygen capacity of 1.2 wt % at 400 °C and under a P
swing between 0.05 and 0.2 atm, when compared to the <0.2 wt % capacity for undoped a SrFeO3 (SF) and Ca‐doped Sr0.8Ca0.2FeO3 (SCF). Electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) study demonstrates that codoping of Ca and Co lowers the activation energy of oxygen diffusion and surface oxygen exchange by 26.6 or 137.9 kJ mol−1, respectively, resulting in faster redox kinetics for SCFC than for SCF perovskite. The SCFC oxygen sorbent also exhibits excellent stability for 2000 redox cycles for air separation.
Imidazolium‐Functionalized Ionic Hypercrosslinked Porous Polymers for Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Simulated Flue Gas
Authors: Zhang Wenli , Ma Fangpei , Ma Long , Zhou Yu , Wang Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid growth of CO2 emissions, especially from power plants, has led to the urgent need to directly capture and fix CO2 in the flue gas after simple purification rather than energy‐intensive gas separation. Herein, imidazolium‐functionalized ionic hypercrosslinked porous polymers (HCPs) bearing adjustable surface groups were straightforwardly synthesized through co‐hypercrosslinking of benzylimidazole salts and crosslinker through Friedel–Crafts alkylation. Abundant microporosity and relatively high ionic moieties were obtainable in the ethyl‐group‐tethered ionic HCP, giving a remarkably selective CO2 capture performance with a CO2 uptake of 3.05 mmol g−1 and an ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) CO2/N2 selectivity as high as 363 (273 K, 1 bar). This ionic polymer demonstrated high efficiency in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from the coupling of various epoxides with the simulated flue gas (15 % CO2 and 85 % N2), giving high yields, large turnover numbers (up to 4800), and stable reusability under additive‐ and solvent‐free conditions.
From metabarcoding to metaphylogeography: separating the wheat from the chaff
Authors: Turon Xavier , Antich Adrià , Palacín Creu , Præbel Kim , Wangensteen Owen Simon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMetabarcoding is by now a well‐established method for biodiversity assessment in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. Metabarcoding data sets are usually used for α‐ and β‐diversity estimates, that is, interspecies (or inter‐MOTU [molecular operational taxonomic unit]) patterns. However, the use of hypervariable metabarcoding markers may provide an enormous amount of intraspecies (intra‐MOTU) information—mostly untapped so far. The use of cytochrome oxidase (COI) amplicons is gaining momentum in metabarcoding studies targeting eukaryote richness. COI has been for a long time the marker of choice in population genetics and phylogeographic studies. Therefore, COI metabarcoding data sets may be used to study intraspecies patterns and phylogeographic features for hundreds of species simultaneously, opening a new field that we suggest to name metaphylogeography. The main challenge for the implementation of this approach is the separation of erroneous sequences from true intra‐MOTU variation. Here, we develop a cleaning protocol based on changes in entropy of the different codon positions of the COI sequence, together with co‐occurrence patterns of sequences. Using a data set of community DNA from several benthic littoral communities in the Mediterranean and Atlantic seas, we first tested by simulation on a subset of sequences a two‐step cleaning approach consisting of a denoising step followed by a minimal abundance filtering. The procedure was then applied to the whole data set. We obtained a total of 563 MOTUs that were usable for phylogeographic inference. We used semiquantitative rank data instead of read abundances to perform AMOVAs and haplotype networks. Genetic variability was mainly concentrated within samples, but with an important between seas component as well. There were intergroup differences in the amount of variability between and within communities in each sea. For two species, the results could be compared with traditional Sanger sequence data available for the same zones, giving similar patterns. Our study shows that metabarcoding data can be used to infer intra‐ and interpopulation genetic variability of many species at a time, providing a new method with great potential for basic biogeography, connectivity and dispersal studies, and for the more applied fields of conservation genetics, invasion genetics, and design of protected areas.
Creep characteristics and constitutive model of coal under triaxial stress and gas pressure
Authors: Zhang Liang , Li Xiang‐Chun , Gao Jia‐Xing , An Zhen‐Xing , Yang Xiao‐Han , Nie Bai‐Sheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCreep behavior is one of the most important mechanical behaviors of coal. In the present study, we systematically carried out a series of creep experiments of briquette samples under triaxial compression and gas pressure. The experimental results showed that the creep deformation characteristics of coal were related to deviatoric stress and gas pressure. The accelerating creep stage initiated when the deviatoric stress reached or exceeded the yield stress until failure took place. In contrast, when the deviatoric stress was less than the yield strength, only transient and steady creep stage occurred. Besides, gas pressure played a positive role in the creep process of coal. The axial strain of coal slightly increased with gas pressure (range from 0.13 to 0.40 MPa) when the effective triaxial stress remained constant. For example, in the steady creep stage (σ1 = 9 MPa, p = 0.13 MPa), the axial strain of sample S1 is 2.710% and that of sample S2 is 3.361%, that is, coal samples with high gas pressure have higher axial strain. Moreover, gas pressure has two main effects on the mechanical behavior of coal. One is that the coal adsorbs gas molecules resulting in swelling strain and swelling stress, and the other is that the gas pressure may compress the coal particles. Considering the swelling stress and gas pressure, we intensively studied the effective stress formula of coal containing gas. Then, the effective stress was taken into consideration in the nonlinear Nishihara creep model. Furthermore, the tertiary creep factor n was introduced in the nonlinear model to control the creep deformation evolution with time so that the nonlinear model could accurately describe the full creep stage of coal. In contrast, due to the lack of such a controlling parameter, the Nishihara model failed to reproduce the accelerating creep stage.
Study of the influence of the characteristics of loose residual coal on the spontaneous combustion of coal gob
Authors: Li Nan , Li Xuelong , Shu Cai , Shen Wenlong , He Miao , Meng Jingjing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMine fires are becoming a serious issue as the intensity of mining increases, especially in deep mines. Loose coal gob has a hidden ignition location and a high possibility of spontaneous combustion, which makes fire prevention difficult. Therefore, based on the theory of gas seepage and the characteristics of loose coal, a model of air leakage and spontaneous combustion in gob is established in this paper. Using working face #10414 in the Yangliu coal mine as an example, the relationship between the three spontaneous coal combustion (CSC) zones and the three stress zones is analyzed and verified by combining a FLAC3D simulation with field monitoring. In addition, the influence of advancing speed on the CSC is discussed, and suggestions for fire prevention are presented. The results show that the variation in the calorific value of the CSC with increasing degree of looseness of the residual coal in the gob forms an arch‐shape. There is a one‐to‐one relationship between the distribution of the three stress zones and the three CSC zones. In addition, as the advancing speed increases, the contact time between the loose coal body and the air decreases and the possibility of CSC decreases. This study provides a scientific basis for fire prevention and control in mines.