bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality evaluation of Panax notoginseng using high‐performance liquid chromatography with chemical pattern recognition
Authors: Meng Zhe , Huang Yang , Wang Lijun , Jiang Kun , Guo Linxiu , Wang Jue , Yin Guo , Wang Tiejie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPanax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen, also known as Sanqi, is a high‐value Chinese medicine with a hemostatic effect. It was mainly used to treat traumatic and ischemic cardiovascular diseases. According to different harvest times, Panax notoginseng is divided into “Chunqi” and “Dongqi.” To effectively classify them, a high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a chemical pattern recognition method was established. Similarity analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were applied to classify and evaluate 35 batches of Panax notoginseng. The results showed that similarity analysis based on the peak area of 20 components could not achieve accurate classification. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis methods could clearly classify Chunqi and Dongqi. In order to find definite chemical markers and simplify the established model of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, seven characteristic peaks with higher variable importance in projection values were selected. As a result, this method could be used for the classification of Chunqi and Dongqi, which showed an excellent potential application for quality evaluation of Panax notoginseng.
Prediction of seismic loadings on wind turbine support structures by response spectrum method considering equivalent modal damping of support structures and reliability level
Authors: Kitahara Masaru , Ishihara Takeshi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, a new damping correction factor is proposed to provide an accurate design response spectrum for megawatt (MW) class wind turbines. The predicted response spectra show good agreement with those by time history analysis (THA). An equivalent modal damping of wind turbine support structures is then proposed for response spectrum method (RSM) based on the modal decomposition method for non‐classically damped structures. Seismic loadings on wind turbine towers and footings by RSM with the proposed damping correction factor and equivalent modal damping are also investigated and compared with those by THA. Finally, a quantile value between 0.5 and 0.85 in the damping correction factor is calibrated to ensure the same reliability level as evaluated by THA currently used for estimation of seismic loadings on support structures.
On self-similar axion-dilaton configurations
Authors: Antonelli Riccardo , Hatefi Ehsan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We explore self-similar collapse solutions to the Einstein-axion-dilaton system in arbitrary spacetime dimensions, which are invariant under spacetime dilation combined with internal SL(2, ℝ) transformations. We set up a numerical formalism, and test it in four and five dimensions, discovering several new families of solutions in the three conjugacy classes of sl(2, ℝ).
Dynamics of QCD3 with rank-two quarks and duality
Authors: Choi Changha , Delmastro Diego , Gomis Jaume , Komargodski Zohar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Three-dimensional gauge theories coupled to fermions can develop interesting nonperturbative dynamics. Here we study in detail the dynamics of SU(N ) gauge theories coupled to a Dirac fermion in the rank-two symmetric and antisymmetric representation. We argue that when the Chern-Simons level is sufficiently small the theory develops a quantum phase with an emergent topological field theory. When the Chern-Simons level vanishes, we further argue that a baryon condenses and hence baryon symmetry is spontaneously broken. The infrared theory then consists of a Nambu-Goldstone boson coupled to a topological field theory. Our proposals also lead to new fermion-fermion dualities involving fermions in two-index representations. We make contact between our proposals and some recently discussed aspects of four-dimensional gauge theories. This leads us to a proposal for the domain wall theories of non-supersymmetric gauge theories with fermions in two-index representations. Finally, we discuss some aspects of the time-reversal anomaly in theories with a one-form symmetry.
Update on SLC6A14 in lung and gastrointestinal physiology and physiopathology: focus on cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ruffin Manon , Mercier Julia , Calmel Claire , Mésinèle Julie , Bigot Jeanne , Sutanto Erika N. , Kicic Anthony , Corvol Harriet , Guillot Loic 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe solute carrier family 6 member 14 (SLC6A14) protein imports and concentrates all neutral amino acids as well as the two cationic acids lysine and arginine into the cytoplasm of different cell types. Primarily described as involved in several cancer and colonic diseases physiopathological mechanisms, the SLC6A14 gene has been more recently identified as a genetic modifier of cystic fibrosis (CF) disease severity. It was indeed shown to have a pleiotropic effect, modulating meconium ileus occurrence, lung disease severity, and precocity of P. aeruginosa airway infection. The biological mechanisms explaining the impact of SLC6A14 on intestinal and lung phenotypes of CF patients are starting to be elucidated. This review focuses on SLC6A14 in lung and gastrointestinal physiology and physiopathology, especially its involvement in the pathophysiology of CF disease.
Peptide YY3–36 concentration in acute- and long-term recovered anorexia nervosa
Authors: Tam Friederike I. , Seidel Maria , Boehm Ilka , Ritschel Franziska , Bahnsen Klaas , Biemann Ronald , Weidner Kerstin , Roessner Veit , Ehrlich Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The gut–brain axis could be a possible key factor in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa. The neuropeptide peptide YY3–36, secreted by endocrine L cells of the gastrointestinal tract, is a known regulator of appetite and food intake. The objective of this study was to investigate peptide YY3–36 plasma concentrations at different stages of anorexia nervosa in a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal design to differentiate between effects of acute undernutrition and more enduring characteristics.

Methods
We measured fasting plasma peptide YY3–36 concentrations in young patients with acute anorexia nervosa (n = 47) and long-term recovered patients (n = 35) cross-sectionally in comparison to healthy control participants (n = 58), and longitudinally over the course of inpatient treatment. Physical activity was controlled as it may modulate peptide YY secretion.

Results
There was no group difference in peptide YY3–36 concentration among young acutely underweight anorexia nervosa patients, long-term recovered anorexia nervosa patients, and healthy control participants. Longitudinally, there was no change in peptide YY3–36 concentration after short-term weight rehabilitation. For acute anorexia nervosa patients at admission to treatment, there was a negative correlation between peptide YY3–36 concentration and body mass index.

Conclusions
The current study provides additional evidence for a normal basal PYY3–36 concentration in AN. Future studies should study multiple appetite-regulating peptides and their complex interplay and also use research designs including a food challenge.
Viscum pleurodesis is as effective as talc pleurodesis and tends to have less adverse effect
Authors: Chang YongJin , Cho DeogGon , Cho KyuDo , Cho MinSeop 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Many patients diagnosed with advanced cancer have malignant pleural effusion that does not respond to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. These patients often have respiratory symptoms, especially dyspnea. In order to relieve these symptoms, various procedures including chemical pleurodesis have been performed. Although talc is the most widely used and effective sclerosing agent, there it has various adverse effects. The objective of this study was to determine whether Viscum (ABNOVA Viscum® Fraxini Injection, manufactured by ABNOVA GmbH, Germany) could be used as an agent to replace talc in clinical practice.

Methods
Data of 56 patients with malignant pleural effusion who received chemical pleurodesis after tube thoracostomy from January 2003 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed to analyze clinical course and response after pleurodesis with each agent.

Results
After pleurodesis, changes in numeric rating scale (NRS) was 1.4 ± 1.6 in the talc group and 0.5 ± 1.5 in the Viscum group (p = 0.108). Changes in white blood cell counts after pleurodesis were 4154.8 ± 6710.7 in the talc group and 3487.3 ± 6067.7 in the Viscum group (p = 0.702). Changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) were 9.03 ± 6.86 in the talc group and 6.3 ± 7.5 in the Viscum group (p = 0.366). The success rate of pleurodesis was 93.3% in the talc group and 96% in the Viscum group (p = 0.225).

Conclusion
Viscum pleurodesis showed comparable treatment results with talc pleurodesis while its adverse effects such as chest pain and fever tended to be relatively weak.
Is the unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment score (UIATS) sensitive enough to detect aneurysms at risk of rupture?
Authors: Hernández-Durán Silvia , Mielke Dorothee , Rohde Veit , Malinova Vesna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo evaluate if the unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment score (UIATS) is a sensitive tool to detect aneurysms at risk of rupture, we conducted an a posteriori retrospective study on ruptured intracranial aneurysms. We performed a retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted to our center from January 2010 to April 2016 with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The UIATS was applied to all ruptured aneurysms. Patients for whom the UIATS recommended treatment were labeled as “true positives,” whereas patients for whom the UIATS recommended observation were labeled as “false negatives.” Patients for whom the UIATS was inconclusive were excluded from the final analysis. Based on the UIATS recommendation, a sensitivity analysis was performed. A total of 262 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were screened. Of these, 212 were included in our analysis. Median age was 53 years (23–90). Most patients were females (n = 134, 63%), with an equal distribution between low-grade and high-grade hemorrhages (Hunt & Hess ≥ 3 n = 107, 50%). UIATS recommended treatment in n = 52, 25% cases (TP), was inconclusive in n = 93, 44% (excluded), and recommended observation in n = 67, 32% (FN). Based on these data, the UIATS showed a sensitivity of 44% (CI 35–53%). The UIATS exhibits rather low sensitivity for detecting aneurysms at risk of rupture.
Characterisation of cellulose pulps isolated from Miscanthus using a low-cost acidic ionic liquid
Authors: Tu Wei-Chien , Weigand Lisa , Hummel Michael , Sixta Herbert , Brandt-Talbot Agnieszka , Hallett Jason P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The ionoSolv pretreatment generates a cellulose pulp by extracting hemicellulose and lignin using low-cost ionic liquids. In this study, cellulose pulp was obtained from Miscanthus × giganteus using the protic ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate [N2220][HSO4] with 20% water as a co-solvent and characterised in detail for its material properties as a function of pretreatment severity. We measured the particle size distribution, porosity and crystallinity of the unbleached pulps and the molar weight distribution of the cellulose contained within. We report that the surface area increased and the size of the pulp particles decreased as ionoSolv processing progressed. While the native cellulose I structure was maintained, the average degree of polymerisation of the cellulose was reduced to a DPn of around 300, showing the cellulose polymers are shortened. We correlate the pulp properties with enzymatic saccharification yields, concluding that enzymatic saccharification of the cellulose after ionoSolv pretreatment is mainly enhanced by removing hemicellulose and lignin. We also observed that overtreatment deteriorated saccharification yield and that this coincides with cellulose fibrils becoming coated with pseudolignin redeposited from the ionic liquid solution, as demonstrated by FT-IR spectroscopy. Pseudolignin deposition increases the apparent lignin content, which is likely to increase chemical demand in bleaching, suggesting that both glucose release and material use benefit from a minimum lignin content. Overall, this study demonstrates that cellulose pulps isolated with ionoSolv processing are not only a promising intermediate for high-yield release of purified glucose for biorefining, but also have attractive properties for materials applications that require cellulose I fibrils.

Graphic abstract
An Analysis of the Induced Linear Operators Associated to Divide and Color Models
Authors: Forsström Malin P. , Steif Jeffrey E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study the natural linear operators associated to divide and color (DC) models. The degree of nonuniqueness of the random partition yielding a DC model is directly related to the dimension of the kernel of these linear operators. We determine exactly the dimension of these kernels as well as analyze a permutation-invariant version. We also obtain properties of the solution set for certain parameter values which will be important in (1) showing that large threshold discrete Gaussian free fields are DC models and in (2) analyzing when the Ising model with a positive external field is a DC model, both in future work. However, even here, we give an application to the Ising model on a triangle.
Central limit theorem for Bose gases interacting through singular potentials
Authors: Rademacher Simone 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe consider a system ofNbosons in the limit$$N \rightarrow \infty $$N→∞, interacting through singular potentials. For initial data exhibiting Bose–Einstein condensation, the many-body time evolution is well approximated through a quadratic fluctuation dynamics around a cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation of the condensate wave function. We show that these fluctuations satisfy a (multi-variate) central limit theorem.
Joint stochastic short-term production scheduling and fleet management optimization for mining complexes
Authors: Both Christian , Dimitrakopoulos Roussos 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article presents a novel stochastic optimization model that simultaneously optimizes the short-term extraction sequence, shovel relocation, scheduling of a heterogeneous hauling fleet, and downstream allocation of extracted materials in open-pit mining complexes. The proposed stochastic optimization formulation considers geological uncertainty in addition to uncertainty related to equipment performances and truck cycle times. The method is applied at a real-world mining complex, stressing the benefits of optimizing the short-term production schedule and fleet management simultaneously. Compared to a conventional two-step approach, where the production schedule is optimized first before optimizing the allocation of the mining fleet, the costs generated by shovel movements are reduced by 56% and lost production due to shovel relocation is cut by 54%. Furthermore, the required number of trucks shows a more balanced profile, reducing total truck operational costs by 3.1% over an annual planning horizon, as well as the required haulage capacity in the most haulage-intense periods by 25%. A metaheuristic solution method is utilized to solve the large optimization problem in a reasonable timespan.
Is It All About Retribution? The Flexibility of Punishment Goals
Authors: Twardawski Mathias , Tang Karen T. Y. , Hilbig Benjamin E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCurrent literature suggests that laypeople’s punishment is primarily driven by retributive reasons (i.e., to give offender their just deserts) rather than utilitarian purposes such as special prevention (i.e., to prevent recidivism of the offender) or general prevention (i.e., to prevent the imitation of the crime by others). One explanation for this may be that individuals tend to focus on salient cues while ignoring others when making a decision and critically, generally pay relatively little attention to secondary or long-term effects of their decision-making. This suggests that people’s punishment goals may be subject to the information salient about the crime situation. Specifically, individuals may only pursue utilitarian goals with their punishment, if aspects related to such long-term consequences of punishment are salient (such as information about the offender or the broad circumstances surrounding the crime). To examine this, we manipulated the salience of different aspects in a scenario describing a crime. In two preregistered experiments, participants were asked to choose from (Experiment 1, N = 291) or rate the appropriateness of (Experiment 2, N = 366) different reactions to the crime; these reactions were pretested for the degree to which they served each of the punishment goals: retribution, special prevention, and general prevention. As hypothesized, we found that participants’ punishment goals were associated with the salience of specific aspects of the scenario describing the crime situation. This extends on research suggesting that laypeople’s punishment goals are malleable and may depend on the research design employed by a particular study.
How Well Do We Understand the Belt/Zone Circulation of Giant Planet Atmospheres?
Authors: Fletcher Leigh N. , Kaspi Yohai , Guillot Tristan , Showman Adam P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe atmospheres of the four giant planets of our Solar System share a common and well-observed characteristic: they each display patterns of planetary banding, with regions of different temperatures, composition, aerosol properties and dynamics separated by strong meridional and vertical gradients in the zonal (i.e., east-west) winds. Remote sensing observations, from both visiting spacecraft and Earth-based astronomical facilities, have revealed the significant variation in environmental conditions from one band to the next. On Jupiter, the reflective white bands of low temperatures, elevated aerosol opacities, and enhancements of quasi-conserved chemical tracers are referred to as ‘zones.’ Conversely, the darker bands of warmer temperatures, depleted aerosols, and reductions of chemical tracers are known as ‘belts.’ On Saturn, we define cyclonic belts and anticyclonic zones via their temperature and wind characteristics, although their relation to Saturn’s albedo is not as clear as on Jupiter. On distant Uranus and Neptune, the exact relationships between the banded albedo contrasts and the environmental properties is a topic of active study. This review is an attempt to reconcile the observed properties of belts and zones with (i) the meridional overturning inferred from the convergence of eddy angular momentum into the eastward zonal jets at the cloud level on Jupiter and Saturn and the prevalence of moist convective activity in belts; and (ii) the opposing meridional motions inferred from the upper tropospheric temperature structure, which implies decay and dissipation of the zonal jets with altitude above the clouds. These two scenarios suggest meridional circulations in opposing directions, the former suggesting upwelling in belts, the latter suggesting upwelling in zones. Numerical simulations successfully reproduce the former, whereas there is a wealth of observational evidence in support of the latter. This presents an unresolved paradox for our current understanding of the banded structure of giant planet atmospheres, that could be addressed via a multi-tiered vertical structure of “stacked circulation cells,” with a natural transition from zonal jet pumping to dissipation as we move from the convectively-unstable mid-troposphere into the stably-stratified upper troposphere.
Structure and Properties of Ni-B/Graphene Oxide Composite Coatings Produced by Chemical Reduction Method
Authors: Cieślak Grzegorz , Trzaska Maria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA nickel-boron (Ni-B)/graphene composite coatings were produced using chemical reduction method on a steel substrate. These composites were compared to Ni-B coatings without graphene embedded into the matrix. Graphene in the form of an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide flakes was used. Graphene was characterized by single-layered flakes about 0.5 µm in size. The coatings produced were characterized by an amorphous structure. The incorporation of graphene into the Ni-B matrix affects the surface topography and morphology of the coatings produced. The addition of graphene strengthened the coating material. An increase in the hardness (~ 1100 HK0.025) was noted for Ni-B/graphene composite coatings compared to the hardness (~ 950 HK0.025) of the Ni-B coatings without a built-in dispersion phase. Composite coatings also exhibited a better corrosion resistance than the coatings without embedded graphene.
Overview of the Evolution of the UK Kidney Allocation Schemes
Authors: Watson Christopher J. E. , Johnson Rachel J. , Mumford Lisa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Allocation of deceased donor kidneys for transplantation has evolved since the first utilitarian approach in 1989. This review looks at how the schemes have evolved over the ensuing three decades.

Recent Findings
Four kidney offering schemes have been used in the last 30 years. Successive schemes have evolved from offering only one donor kidney for a nationally prioritised patient to offering both kidneys, from addressing only kidneys from donors after brain death (DBD) to offering kidneys from both DBD and circulatory death donors (DCD) and from prioritising purely on the basis of zero class 2 and minimising class 1 mismatches to a more relaxed approach for older donors and more difficult to match patients while introducing the concept of longevity matching.

Summary
UK kidney offering schemes have evolved through a series of evidence-based analyses to try to optimally address the principles of utility and fairness in kidney offering.
Arbeitsunfälle und Berufskrankheiten bei Beschäftigten in Küchenbetrieben in Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege
Authors: Dulon Madeleine , Wendeler Dana , Westermann Claudia , Nienhaus Albert 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Für Beschäftigte in Küchenbetrieben liegen nur wenige Daten zum Arbeitsunfall- und Berufskrankheitengeschehen für Deutschland vor. Für eine differenzierte Analyse wurden Routinedaten der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst- und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW) genutzt.

Methoden
Eingeschlossen wurden Versicherte, die als Küchenhilfe oder Koch tätig waren und für die ein Arbeitsunfall oder eine Verdachtsanzeige auf eine Berufskrankheit (BK) bei der BGW zwischen 2008 und 2017 gemeldet wurde. Die Ergebnisse wurden für die Berufsgruppen deskriptiv beschrieben und Gruppenunterschiede mittels Chi-Quadrat-Test überprüft.

Ergebnisse
Rund 70 % der Unfälle und BK-Anzeigen stammten von Küchenhilfen, 30 % von Köchen. Küchenhilfen verletzten sich häufiger bei Stolperunfällen und beim manuellen Transport von Gegenständen als Köche. Fast die Hälfte der Unfälle von Köchen wurde durch die Handhabung von Messern verursacht und knapp 17 % durch Verbrennungen. BK-Verdachtsanzeigen auf eine Hauterkrankung machten in beiden Gruppen jeweils über 80 % aus. Bandscheibenbedingte Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule hatten einen Anteil von 5 % und obstruktive Atemwegserkrankungen von 3 %. Der BK-Verdacht wurde in 78 % bestätigt, in den meisten Fällen handelte es sich um Hauterkrankungen, ausgelöst durch Feuchtarbeit, Desinfektions- oder Reinigungsmittel.

Diskussion
Schnittverletzungen und Stolperunfälle werden auch von anderen Autoren als Unfallschwerpunkte in Küchenbetrieben beschrieben. Das BK-Geschehen wurde überwiegend durch Hauterkrankungen bestimmt, das in diesem Ausmaß von anderen Autoren nicht berichtet wird. Berichtet werden vielmehr hohe Prävalenzen für muskuloskeletale Beschwerden im Bereich von Schulter und Hand, für die sich in den hier vorliegenden Daten keine Belege fanden.