bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study of healthcare professionals’ perceptions of men and women's mental healthcare seeking in Rwanda
Authors: Rugema Lawrence , Persson Margareta , Mogren Ingrid , Ntaganira Joseph , Krantz Gunilla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to explore health care professionals (HCP’) perceptions about mental‐health‐seeking behaviours in men and women and its social and gender implications in Rwanda. Six focus group discussions including 43 HCPs working at mental health facilities and district hospitals in Rwanda were conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The emerging theme “Traditional gender role patterns and stigma are displayed in mental health care seeking, adherence to treatment and family effects” illustrated how HCPs perceived gender differences and outcomes in mental healthcare seeking. The theme was based on three categories: “Gender differences in health care seeking patterns,” “Gender roles and stigma affect adherence to counselling and treatment,” and “Gender roles exert an influence on family support” and related subcategories, with which each described various aspects contributing to the result. According to HCPs who regularly encountered people with mental health problems, neither men nor women with mental health problems could adequately benefit from the available mental health services because of the strong influence stigma and prevailing traditional gender roles had on men's and women's mental‐healthcare‐seeking behaviour. There is an urgent need for comprehensive societal interventions involving policy makers, HCPs, and the general population to diminish the stigma tied to mental illness and the traditional gender norms that negatively influence healthcare‐seeking patterns; such actions can improve the health of many citizens.
A novel semi‐dry method for the simultaneous removal of Hg and SO2 using spray drying absorption method
Authors: Yi Honghong , Du Chengcheng , Ma Yueqiang , Tang Xiaolong , Zhao Shunzheng , Gao Fengyu , Yang Zhongyu , Huang Yonghai , Yang Kun , Xie Xizhou 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDA novel semi‐dry method called SDA (spray drying absorption) for the simultaneous removal of mercury (Hg0) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) have been proposed in this article, in which Hg0 was initially oxidized by gaseous oxidant (O3) and liquid oxidant (K2S2O8, H2O2, and NaClO2), after which SO2 and Hg2+ were absorbed by Ca(OH)2.RESULTSThe effects on different process conditions and additives on Hg0 removal were explored at first, and the results indicated that the Hg removal efficiency could be improved by oxidizing or extending the residence time of the liquid phase reaction. When SO2 and Hg coexist in the atmosphere, additives including oxidants or composite additives were added into the mixed system, and the results indicated that the best removal efficiency of SO2 and Hg was about 99.5% and 51% respectively.CONCLUSIONSince SO2 has good water solubility, it would affect the oxidation of Hg and the removal of Hg. When there was nitric oxide (NO) in the atmosphere, a new stable product was generated which contributed to the removal of Hg, and the removal efficiency of SO2 and Hg was about 99.5% and 57% respectively. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of microbial contamination of the islet product during total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation
Authors: Kumano Kenjiro , Takita Morihito , Vasu Srividya , Darden Carly , Lawrence Michael , Beecherl Ernest , Gupta Amar , Onaca Nicholas , Naziruddin Bashoo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe combined use of interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor–α blockers in the peritransplant period has improved outcomes of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT). However, these drugs may suppress the immune system, resulting in severe infection.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the impact of microbial‐contaminated islet product on posttransplant complications and metabolic outcomes of TPIAT patients receiving the IL‐1β and TNF‐blockade treatment at our center.ResultsAmong 108 TPIAT patients, 37 patients (34%) received contaminated products. Preoperative stent treatment and fibrosis score were independent risk factors for the contamination. There were no significant differences between the contaminated and noncontaminated product groups in posttransplant infectious complication rate, length of hospitalization, or readmission rate. However, islet equivalents (P < .0001) and insulin independence rate (P = .036) at 6 months were significantly lower for patients receiving contaminated product.ConclusionsThese results suggest that combined anti‐inflammatory drug use is safe and well tolerated in TPIAT patients who receive contaminated islet product and does not increase the rate of infectious complications; however, contaminated islet product is associated with poor metabolic outcomes.
Portal vein thrombosis during liver transplantation: The risk of extra‐anatomical portal vein reconstruction
Authors: Rhu Jinsoo , Choi Gyu‐Seong , Kwon Choon Hyuck David , Kim Jong Man , Joh Jae‐Won 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was designed to analyze the risk of extra‐anatomical portal vein reconstruction during liver transplantation (LT) in patient with portal vein thrombosis (PVT).MethodsPatients who underwent LT between 2008 and 2018 were reviewed. PVT was graded according to the Yerdel system. Risk factor for portal vein complication‐free, graft and overall survival were analyzed with multivariate Cox regression.ResultsSeventy out of 1180 patients had PVT. Number of patients who underwent extra‐anatomical reconstruction were three (13.0%), three (15.0%), and six (50.0%) with grade II, III and IV thrombosis, respectively. Grade III patients with extra‐anatomical reconstruction (HR 10.212, CI 2.475‐42.133, P = .001), grade IV with both anatomical (HR 16.991, CI 5.224‐54.740, P < .001) and extra‐anatomical reconstruction (HR 12.262, CI 2.698‐50.666, P = .001) were risk factors for portal vein complication‐free survival. Grade IV thrombosis with both anatomical (HR 4.296, CI 1.059‐17.430, P = .041) and extra‐anatomical reconstruction (HR 7.777, CI 2.461‐24.571, P < .001) were risk factors for graft failure. Extra‐anatomical reconstruction for both grade I to III (HR 3.638, CI 1.155‐11.453, P = .027) and grade IV thrombosis (HR 4.798, CI 1.773‐12.982, P = .002) were risk factors for survival.ConclusionGrade IV thrombosis and extra‐anatomical reconstruction were related to poor prognosis. Therefore, thorough evaluation and planning is required for these patients to improve the outcome.
Irregularity of Carotid Plaque Surface Predicts Subsequent Vascular Event: A MRI Study
Authors: Li Jin , Li Dongye , Yang Dandan , Hang Hailun , Wu Yawei , Yao Rong , Chen Xiaoyi , Xu Yilan , Dai Wei , Zhou Dan , Zhao Xihai 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe relationship between plaque compositions and irregular plaque surface and its predictive value for vascular events (VEs) are unknown.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between irregular carotid plaque surface and plaque compositional features and its predictive values for future VEs utilizing magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging.Study TypeProspective study.PopulationIn total, 140 patients with cerebrovascular symptoms were recruited.Field Strength/Sequence3T, black blood T1‐weighted, black blood T2‐weighted, 3D time‐of‐flight, magnetization‐prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MP‐RAGE), and 3D motion sensitized driven equilibrium rapid gradient echo (MERGE).AssessmentThe carotid artery stenosis and maximum wall thickness (Max WT) were measured. The presence/absence of irregular carotid plaque surface, calcification, lipid‐rich necrotic core (LRNC), intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), and fibrous cap rupture was determined. After baseline examination, all patients were followed‐up for at least 1 year to record the VEs.Statistical TestsIndependent t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, Chi‐square, logistic regression, and Cox regression were used.ResultsIn total, 82 (58.6%) had irregular plaque surfaces. The carotid Max WT, stenosis, and the presence of surface calcification, LRNC and IPH were significantly associated with irregular plaque surface (all P < 0.05). After adjusted for baseline confounding factors, these associations remained statistically significant (all P < 0.05). During the median follow‐up time of 12.1 months, 37 (26.4%) patients had VEs. Univariable Cox regression analysis showed that the irregular carotid plaque surface was significantly associated with subsequent VEs (hazard ratio [HR], 11.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.65–45.85; P = 0.001). After adjusted for baseline and follow‐up confounding factors, this association remained statistically significant (HR, 13.03; 95% CI, 1.71–99.42, P = 0.013). After further adjusted for intracranial stenosis, this association also remained statistically significant (HR, 12.57; 95% CI, 1.63–96.83, P = 0.015).Data ConclusionThe morphology of carotid atherosclerotic plaque surface determined by MR vessel wall imaging, particularly irregular plaque surface, is an independent predictor for subsequent vascular events.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:185–194.
Determination of 14 heterocyclic aromatic amines in meat products using solid‐phase extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wu Wen‐jie , Zhou Wei‐e , Ren Zhi‐qin , Feng Xue‐song , Zhang Feng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel, simple, and sensitive method has been developed for simultaneous determination of 14 heterocyclic aromatic amines in meat product using solid‐phase extraction combined with ultrahigh‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. The analytes could be separated within 7 min and identified using their retention times and mass. The developed method was validated based on the linearity, limits of quantification, precision, and accuracy. The recovery ranged from 52.3 to 97.5% with an acceptable standard deviation, which is not higher than 6%. The limits of quantitation ranged from 0.03 to 0.17 µg/kg. The selectivity and sensitivity were satisfactory in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was applied to commercial meat products, and the results demonstrated that the novel method has potential for the analysis of the targets in food matrices. This is the first work reporting the simultaneous quantification of 14 heterocyclic aromatic amines by means of ultrahigh‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry.
Resorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel coating for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction of estrogens
Authors: Jiang Qiong , Xu Peng , Sun Min 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResorcinol–formaldehyde aerogel coating was in situ prepared on the surface of basalt fibers. The aerogel coating is uniformly modified onto basalt fibers, and it is very porous according to the characterization by using scanning electron microscopy. An extraction tube was prepared for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction by placing the aerogel‐coated basalt fibers into a polyetheretherketone tube. To evaluate the extraction performance toward five estrogenic compounds, the tube was connected with high performance liquid chromatography, the important extraction and desorption conditions were investigated. An online analytical method for detection of estrogens was developed and presented low limits of detection (0.005–0.030 µg/L), wide linear ranges (0.017–20, 0.033–20, and 0.099–20 µg/L), good linearity (r > 0.9990), and satisfactory repeatability (relative standard deviation < 2.7%). The method was successfully applied to detect trace estrogens in real water samples (bottled pure water and bottled mineral water), satisfactory recoveries were ranged from 80 to 125% with two spiking levels of 2 and 6 µg/L.
Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibromas
Authors: Kang Ji Hee , Lee Kyoungbun , Yoo Hye Jin , Chae Hee Dong , Hong Sung Hwan , Choi Ja‐Young 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo report characteristic imaging findings of calcifying aponeurotic fibromas (CAFs) on ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsEight patients with CAF based on our institutional pathology database from 2000 to 2019 were consecutively included. Images were assessed as follows: with plain radiographs for the presence of soft tissue calcifications; with US for the presence of microlithiasis (a nonshadowing hyperechoic focus <3 mm) and discrete calcifications, size, location, margin, echogenicity, and relationship with surrounding structures; and with MRI for the presence of MRI microlithiasis (scattered tiny signal‐void dots), margin, signal intensity, contrast enhancement pattern, and relationship with surrounding structures.ResultsCalcifying aponeurotic fibromas occurred most commonly in the foot (n = 5), followed by the hand, ankle, and knee, respectively. Half of the lesions (n = 4) showed intralesional calcifications on plain radiographs. On US, all lesions showed microlithiasis. They involved the subcutaneous (n = 5), perifascial (n = 2), and intermuscular (n = 1) layers. Margins were circumscribed (n = 3) or irregular (n = 5), whereas the echogenicity of the underlying tumor matrix was hyperechoic (n = 4), isoechoic (n = 2), or hypoechoic (n = 2). All lesions were abutting (n = 7) or encasing (n = 1) an adjacent tendon. On MRI, all CAFs showed tiny signal‐void dots and irregular margins. Signal intensity was mostly hyperintense (n = 5) on T2‐weighted images and all hypointense on T1‐weighted images. Three lesions showed heterogeneous contrast enhancement, and 3 showed uneven marginal enhancement.ConclusionsA CAF should be considered a differential diagnosis if a soft tissue mass abutting or encasing the tendon or fascia shows US or MRI microlithiasis.
Intraoperative Troponin Elevation in Liver Transplantation Is Independently Associated With Mortality: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Vilchez‐Monge Almudena L. , Garutti Ignacio , Jimeno Concepción , Zaballos Matilde , Jimenez Consuelo , Olmedilla Luis , Piñeiro Patricia , Duque Patricia , Salcedo Magdalena , Asencio Jose M. , Lopez‐Baena Jose A , Maruszewski Przemyslaw , Bañares Rafael , Perez‐Peña Jose M. 
Published: January 2020

Intraoperative factors implicated in postoperative mortality after liver transplantation (LT) are poorly understood. Because LT is a particularly demanding procedure, we hypothesized that intraoperative myocardial injury may be frequent and independently associated with early postoperative outcomes. We aimed to determine the association between intraoperative high‐sensitivity troponin (hsTn) elevation during LT and 30‐day postoperative mortality. A total of 203 adult patients undergoing LT were prospectively included in the cohort and followed during 1 year. Advanced hemodynamic parameters and serial high‐sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) measurements were assessed at 6 intraoperative time points. The optimal hsTnT cutoff level for intraoperative troponin elevation (ITE) was identified. Patients were classified into 2 groups according to the presence of ITE. Independent impact of ITE on survival was assessed through survival curves and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Intraoperative cardiac function was compared between groups. Troponin levels increased early during surgery in the ITE group. Troponin values at abdominal closure were associated with 30‐day mortality (area under the receiver operating caracteristic curve, [AUROC], 0.73; P = 0.005). Patients with ITE showing values of hsTnT ≥61 ng/L at abdominal closure presented higher 30‐day mortality (29.6% versus 3.4%; P < 0.001). ITE was independently associated with 30‐day mortality (hazard ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1‐13.8; P = 0.04) and with worse overall intraoperative cardiac function. The hsTnT upper reference limit showed no discriminant capacity during LT. Intraoperative myocardial injury identified by hsTn elevation is frequently observed during LT, and it is associated with myocardial dysfunction and short‐term mortality. Determinations of hsTn may serve as a valuable intraoperative monitoring tool during LT.
The impact of heavy nurse workload and patient/family complaints on workplace violence: An application of human factors framework
Authors: Havaei Farinaz , MacPhee Maura 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo examine the relationships between workload factors at different systems levels (unit level, job level and task level), patients/family complaints and nurse reports of patient violence towards them using a human factors framework.DesignThis is a secondary analysis of cross‐sectional data.MethodsData from 528 nurses working in medical–surgical settings in British Columbia, Canada, were analysed. At the unit‐level workload factors included patient‐RN ratios, patient acuity and dependency; at the job‐level perceptions of heavy workload, undone nursing tasks and compromised professional standards due to workload; and at the task‐level interruptions to workflow.ResultsWorkload factors at multiple levels were directly related to workplace violence. Nurses' increased reports of compromised standards (job level) and interruptions (task level) were related to increased reports of physical and emotional violence, and higher patient acuity (unit level) was related to increased reports of emotional violence. Patient/family complaints mediated the relationship between almost all the workload factors and workplace violence.
Preparation and properties of fluorinated silicon two‐component polyurethane hydrophobic coatings
Authors: Hu Linqing , Pu Zejun , Tian Yuhan , Zheng Xiaoyi , Cheng Jie , Zhong Jiachun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA polyurethane (PU) hydrophobic coating was prepared by the two‐component method, polycarbonate diol and isophorone diisocyanate becoming a two‐phase composition. The PU films with hydrophobic surface were prepared by establishing a rough structure on the surface of silica (SiO2) modified with silane coupling agents (γ‐(2,3‐epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane (KH560) and (heptadecafluoro‐1,1,2,2‐tetradecyl)trimethoxysilane (FAS)). First, the surface of SiO2was covered by a layer of hydrophobic methyl and fluorocarbon (C–F) groups. Then, the SiO2and modified SiO2were obtained by the introduction of KH560 and FAS with the silanol reaction by ultrasonic stirring. The effect of SiO2and modified SiO2on the structure and hydrophobic properties of PU was investigated by a series of test instruments. The results showed that the introduction of SiO2and modified SiO2was beneficial for increasing the roughness of the PU coating surface; the roughness of FAS/SiO2‐PU could reach up to 14.790 nm, four times better than pure PU. A hydrophobic modified PU coating with water contact angle 123° was fabricated by using the hydrophobic C–F group FAS as a low surface energy material and establishing a micro rough structure on the surface of PU. Moreover, PU modified with KH560 and FAS can reduce the glass transition temperature (Tg) of soft segments, resulting in improvement of micro‐phase separation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Molecular characterization and functional expression of voltage‐gated sodium channel variants in Apolygus lucorum (Meyer‐Dür)
Authors: Zhang Kun , Chen Mengli , Wang Hao , Duan Wenbo , Wang Qiang , Li Fen , Deng Denghui , Bandason Elizabeth , Wu Shaoying 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDApolygus lucorum (Meyer‐Dür) is a serious worldwide agricultural pest, especially for Bt cotton in China. Pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and organophosphates are the most effective insecticides to control piercing and sucking insects, including A. lucorum. The voltage‐gated sodium channel (Nav) is major target site of pyrethroids. Extensive alternative splicing and RNA editing, two major post‐transcriptional mechanisms, contribute to generate different functional sodium channel variants. In our research, we characterized the sodium channel variants of A. lucorum.RESULTSIn this study, we isolated numerous sodium channel variants that cover the entire coding region of the VGSC gene from A. lucorum. All clones could be grouped into 47 splice types based on the presence of nine alternative exons (exons j, n, o, a, p, b, s, q and t). Exons j, b and t were located independently, while exons n, o, a and p were located adjacently, as were exons s and q. We also found 35 nucleotide changes in different positions in individual variants, of which 18 nucleotide changes were A‐to‐I RNA editing, 11 nucleotide changes were likely due to U‐to‐C or C‐to‐U editing, and the others were likely natural sequence polymorphisms in the population. Furthermore, we expressed all of the variants in Xenopus oocytes. Eighteen of them were expressed in oocytes and sensitive to tetrodotoxin.CONCLUSIONOur results provide a functional basis for understanding how A. lucorum sodium channel variants work in regulating channel expression, pharmacology and gating properties for agricultural insects.Apolygus lucorum is widely distributed in cotton production. Our results suggest how AlNav (the sodium channel of A.lucorum) variants work in regulating channel expression, pharmacology and sodium channel gating for agricultural insects in the future. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficient Metal‐Free Process: A Facile Synthesis of Biologically Versatile Harmol‐Linked Benzothiazoline Hybrids
Authors: Qadir Anmbiya , Waseem Malik A. , Khuroo Mohammad A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHighly efficient and eco‐pure methodology has been disclosed for the synthesis of biologically versatile harmol linked benzothiazoline hybrid molecules. The reactions were carried out using (5 mmol) of harmol adduct and (5 mmol) of 2‐aminothiophenol added in 10 ml of PEGs under sonication at 35 °C to obtain harmol linked benzothiazoline confirmed by spectral analysis. A library of hybrid molecules has been synthesized using variable 2‐aminothiophenols and 2‐bromoacetophenones. The reactions were completed in petite reaction time and the products were obtained in moderate to good yields. The reaction medium could be recycled and reused for more than five times without loss of its proficiency added the protocol a wide scope.
Sulfonic Acid Anchored Heterogeneous Acid‐Catalyst DICAT‐3 for Conversion of Xylose into Furfural in Biphasic Solvent System
Authors: Pawar Hitesh S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFurfural is most exigent biomass‐derived furanic molecule used for the production of renewable chemicals, fuels and polymers. In the present study, a series of sulfonic acid anchored heterogeneous catalysts (DICAT‐3) were synthesized for cyclodehydration of xylose into furfural in a biphasic solvent. The profound effect of catalyst backbone, solvent and reaction conditions were witnessed. Xylose dehydration in the presence of DICAT‐3 in the toluene/water biphasic solvent system provides high yield and conversion. The use of the biphasic solvent system in presence of DICAT‐3 offers ease of product and catalyst separation, respectively. Furthermore, the process intensification study was performed for the influence of reaction parameters on furfural yield and xylose conversion. Under optimized reaction conditions DICAT‐3 gave > 88% furfural yield with >99% of xylose conversion at 120 °C in toluene/water. The structural and surface morphological features of DICAT‐3 were investigated by FTIR, SEM/EDX, XRF and TGA analysis. The DICAT‐3 was tested for five consecutive recycle runs and it shows the consistent performance for xylose conversion and furfural yield without loss of catalytic activity. The exploration of DICAT‐3 offers specific advantages such as robust and recyclable catalysts, ease of product separation and non‐stringent reaction conditions with high yield. Thus, the reported process provides a platform for the development of a sustainable and economically viable process.