bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Positive Language and Profession on Trustworthiness and Credibility in Online Health Advice: Experimental Study
Authors: König Lars , Jucks Regina 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundWhen searching for health information, many people use the internet as their first source of information. In online health forums, for example, users post their questions and exchange health advice. In recent years, information givers from various professions have begun to use positive language (indicated by the frequent use of positively valenced adjectives) to communicate their information and persuade their audiences.ObjectiveThe goal of the current study was to answer the following research questions: (1) How does positive language, in comparison to neutral language, influence the trustworthiness of a person arguing in an online health forum and the credibility of their health claims; (2) How does working for a university, compared to working for a lobbying organization, influence the trustworthiness of a person arguing in an online health forum and the credibility of their health claims; and (3) Do the two factors of language style and professional affiliation interact with each other to influence trustworthiness and credibility judgments?MethodsIn a 2 × 2 between-subject experiment, 242 participants read a post from an online health forum and subsequently rated the trustworthiness of the forum post author and the credibility of their information. Within the post, the professional affiliation (scientist vs lobbyist) and language style (neutral vs positive) of the forum post author was varied.ResultsWhen the forum post author used a positive language style, they were perceived as less trustworthy (high Machiavellianism [P<.001; η2p=.076], low Integrity [P=.001; η2p=.045], and low Benevolence [P=.02; η2p=.025]) and their information was perceived as less credible (low Message Credibility [P=.001; η2p=.045]). The professional affiliation of the forum post author did not influence their trustworthiness or the credibility of their information.ConclusionsWhen searching for health information, information seekers evaluate the language style of forum posts to decide whether forum post authors are trustworthy and their information is credible.
A Mobile App Adopting an Identity Focus to Promote Physical Activity (MoveDaily): Iterative Design Study
Authors: Hooglugt Floris , Ludden Geke D S 
Published: March 2020

Background
Web-based and mobile interventions to influence physical activity behavior have had limited effects on sustained behavior change. One reason may be that the interventions aim to change largely habitual behavior. Following an identity-oriented approach could be a successful strategy to behavior change because people are committed to behave in line with their self-perception of identity.

Objective
In this paper, we take a closer look at the role of motivation in long-term adherence to lifestyle interventions. The paper outlines a method for web-based or mobile intervention development that allows exploration of integrating behavior change theory into the design process. We will describe the development of a mobile app that allows people to be self-determined and to value and self-regulate physical activity by adopting an identity-oriented approach.

Methods
This paper describes a Research through Design (RtD) process in which design activities are carried out as part of the knowledge-generating process. Two RtD phases were completed, followed by a conceptual design phase. In the first RtD phase, 8 participants used diary cards to study initial attitudes toward starting with small changes in physical activity. In the second RtD phase, 26 participants used a web-based app to study changes in physical activity. We used an adapted version of the Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI) to evaluate individuals’ perceptions of a particular behavior with respect to the three facets of a habit. The conceptual design phase consolidated the results from first two RtD phases into a design of a mobile app that combines an identity approach with gamification principles. The conceptual design was evaluated in a user-experience study with 4 participants.

Results
In the first RtD phase, we found that interacting daily with diary cards and reflecting on physical activity patterns is a promising strategy but works better through a digital medium. In the second RtD phase, SHRI ratings from all participants generally increased each week. In the conceptual design phase, we found that the concept of the mobile app was positively evaluated by participants. However, participants mentioned that terms such as “identity” do not resonate with them and that scenarios could be simpler.

Conclusions
This paper provides deeper insights into designing for electronic health (eHealth) interventions and services and suggests a new way that motivation can be shaped by the design of an intervention and adherence to physical activity. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first iterative design study in which the effects of adopting an identity approach to both motivation and physical activity were included and observed. Initial promising results were found for using a web-based intervention where habits and identification with the personal importance of a behavior were repetitively triggered.
Understanding Patient Anxieties in the Social Media Era: Qualitative Analysis and Natural Language Processing of an Online Male Infertility Community
Authors: Osadchiy Vadim , Mills Jesse Nelson , Eleswarapu Sriram Venkata 
Published: March 2020

Background
Couples struggling with infertility are increasingly turning to the internet for infertility-related content and to connect with others. Most of the published data on infertility and the internet only address the experiences of women, with limited studies focusing exclusively on internet discussions on male factor infertility.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand the concerns and experiences of discussants on an online male infertility community and to provide insight into their perceptions of interactions with health care professionals.

Methods
Using the large-scale data analytics tool BigQuery, we extracted all posts in the r/MaleInfertility community (877 members) of the social media website and discussion board Reddit from November 2017 to October 2018. We performed a qualitative thematic analysis and quantitative semantic analysis using Language Inquiry and Word Count 2015 of the extracted posts to identify dominant themes and subthemes of discussions. Descriptive statistics and semantic analytic Z-scores were computed.

Results
From the analysis of 97 posts, notable themes and subthemes emerged: 70 (72%) posts shared personal experiences, including feeling emasculated or isolated or describing a negative (28/97, 29%), positive (13/97, 13%), or neutral (56/97, 58%) experience with a health care professional; 19% (18/97) of the posts posed questions about personal semen analysis results. On the basis of semantic analysis, posts by men had higher authenticity scores (Z=3.44; P<.001), suggesting more honest or personal texts, but lower clout scores (Z=4.57; P<.001), suggesting a more tentative or anxious style of writing, compared with posts by women.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study represents the first evaluation of a social media community focused exclusively on male infertility using mixed methodology. These results suggest a role for physicians on social media to engage with patients and connect them to accurate resources, in addition to opportunities to improve in-office patient education.
Realization
Authors: Hendel Giovanna 
Published: March 2020

So far no clear explication of the notion of realization has been offered, in spite of the frequent uses of the notion in the literature to discharge important jobs, such as that of accounting for the causal efficacy of the mental in a physical world, and that of providing a viable characterization of physicalism, and/or psychophysical reduction. I put forward an account of realization as an identity-like relation. I argue that such account has the following advantages: (a) it provides a picture under which it makes sense to use the same term, i.e. 'realization', to pick out relations that differ in their relata, as it happened in the original uses of the term 'realization'; (b) it helps to understand how well, if at all, some appeals to realization in the literature can discharge the jobs mentioned; (c) more generally, it makes clear what realization can do.
La probabilidad como grado de posibilidad
Authors: Rolleri José Luis 
Published: March 2020

En desacuerdo crítico con la interpretación propensiva popperiana, sostengo la tesis de que el concepto matemático de probabilidad puede ser interpretado como el grado de posibilidad física.Sea el suceso singular e el estado final de la evolución de un sistema físico S, dado un estado inicial específico de S, entonces e es físicamente posible, relativamente a una teoría T, si el estado inicial de S es descriptible por T y la descripción del suceso e es prescriptible por las leyes de T.En la teoría cuántica, el carácter objetivo de esta propuesta radica en que las descripciones probabilistas cuánticas son irreductibles a descripciones clásicas con variables ocultas locales. Sustento esta interpretación mostrando que hay una representación implícita de enunciados probabilistas cuánticos referentes a los resultados posibles de procesos experimentales de observables con un espectro discreto de valores propios.
Hacia una filosofía de la experimentación
Authors: Ferreirós José , Ordóñez Javier 
Published: March 2020

El artículo intenta promover una recepción más amplia de los trabajos recientes sobre filosofía de la actividad científica experimental. Primero se comentarán los orígenes y las características de la tradición teoreticista predominante, criticando sus presupuestos y sus "miserias". Se analizará luego la función de los instrumentos, proponiendo una tipología de la actividad experimental, aunque elemental —esperamos— útil. Tras analizar la estructura del experimento, empleando contribuciones de Pickering y otros, discutiremos la dinámica de la experimentación: los procesos de formación de datos. Ésta es, obviamente, la cuestión más crucial y debatida, de la que depende la especificidad y fiabilidad de los métodos científicos.
McDowell’s Dogmatic Empiricism
Authors: Coll Mármol Jesús Antonio 
Published: March 2020

McDowell’s Mind and World offers an epistemological proposal that can be considered as minimally empiricist. His proposal is a notion of experience —appearings—that has a conceptualized character and can serve as a justification for our beliefs. I will argue that even though McDowell’s appearings partially solve some of the problems raised against the myth of the Given, they cannot offer a justification for our beliefs. This is so because although appearings do not fall into the dualism of scheme and content, they are the product of another dogmatic distinction that McDowell maintains: the distinction between active and passive kinds of thought.
El argumento contra la suerte moral: articulación y respuesta
Authors: Rosell Sergi 
Published: March 2020

En la primera parte del artículo se reconstruye detalladamente el argumento global contra la suerte moral en todos sus tipos, distinguiendo dos estrategias principales (moderada y radical). A continuación se defiende que ninguna de ellas es sostenible, pues si la primera resulta insuficiente, la segunda es impráctica y finalmente incoherente. Fundamentalmente se intenta mostrar que un argumento definitivo contra la suerte moral en todos sus tipos dependerá por necesidad de la noción imposible de merecimiento incondicionado, o merecimiento verdadero (esencial), en el sentido especialmente fuerte de función estricta del control del agente (o estrictamente proporcional a dicho control).
Problems of Ensuring Safe Operation of Freight Wagon Trolleys at Low Temperatures
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Kabaldin Yu. G. , Anosov M. S. , Ryabov D. A. , Sentyureva V. I. 
Published: March 2020

Представлена оценка хладостойкости стали 20ГЛ, которая широко применяется для изготовления ответственных конструкций (в частности, тележек грузовых вагонов), эксплуатирующихся при пониженных температурах.Для решения поставленной задачи были проведены испытания на ударный изгиб исследуемых металлов в диапазоне температур климатического холода (–80…–20 оС) с последующим исследованием изломов металлов, проведена оценка структурного состояния стали, которая подвергалась термической обработке по режиму завода-изготовителя и термоциклической обработке (ТЦО).Исследования проводились с использованием маятникового копра МК-300, специально разработанного для охлаждения образцов камеры, а также методов оптической (KEYENCE VHX-1000) и электронной микроскопии (JSM-3U), фрактографических исследований. В ходе исследования были получены данные по изменению ударной вязкости, механизмам разрушения металла для широкого диапазона низких температур, а также по температуре вязко-хрупкого перехода. Проведена операция ТЦО сплава 20ГЛ для оценки влияния измельчения зерна на работоспособность при отрицательных температурах.В результате проведенной работы дана оценка хладостойкости стали 20ГЛ. Установлено, что термическая обработка завода-изготовителя, состоящая из нормализации и высокого отпуска, позволяет обеспечивать надежную эксплуатацию изделий из исследуемой стали до –20 оС, что соответствует температуре вязко-хрупкого перехода (Т50). Показано, что измельчение зерна при ТЦО не улучшает хладостойкость стали 20ГЛ, наоборот, происходит смещение температуры вязко-хрупкого перехода в сторону бόльших температур (Т50 = –13 оС). Однако результаты измерения микротвердости (до ТЦО 1591 МПа, после ТЦО 1911 МПа) показывают улучшение прочностных характеристик исследуемой стали после термоциклической обработки.
Perlindungan Keluarga Terpidana Hukuman Cambuk dalam Qanun Aceh
Authors: Suhardi Indra 
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Hukuman penjara berimbas luas kepada suami, istri, dan anak serta keluarga besar terpidana. Selama ini, negara tidak memberikan advokasi bagi keluarga narapidana. Ini berbeda dengan hukuman cambuk yang dinilai lebih manusiawi. Pertanyaannya, apakah pidana cambuk di Aceh dapat menjadi alternatif perlindungan keluarga terpidana? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Islam tampak lebih jelas dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap masyarakat, termasuk keluarga pelaku/terpidana; didasarkan kepada nilai-nilai yang dapat ditemukan di dalam al-Qur'an dan hadis. Keberadaan hukuman cambuk di Aceh dapat menjadi alternatif bagi perlindungan keluarga terpidana. Namun demikian, diperlukan pemisahan tegas antara konsep hudud dengan takzir untuk dapat mencapai maqāṣid al-syarī`ah dan merealiasikan tujuan penghukuman. Untuk itu, diperlukan penguatan norma dalam bentuk alternatif bentuk `uqubat berupa gabungan antara cambuk, penjara, dan denda. Selain itu itu juga diperlukan regulasi khusus untuk pembinaan terpidana pascaeksekusi cambuk.Abstract: Prison sentences have a wide impact on the husband, wife, and children and extended family of convicts. So far, the state does not provide advocacy for the families of prisoners. This is different from caning that is considered more human. The question is, can caning in Aceh be an alternative protection for convicted families? The results showed that Islamic law appeared to be more clear in providing protection to the community, including the families of the perpetrators / convicted persons; based on values that can be found in the Qur'an and Hadith. The existence of caning in Aceh can be an alternative for the protection of convicted families. However, a strict separation between the concept of hudud and takzir is needed to be able to reach the maqāṣid al-syarī`ah and realize the purpose of punishment. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen the norm in the form of an alternative form of uqubat in the form of a combination of whips, prisons and fines. In addition, it also requires special regulations for fostering convicted men after caning.
Ambassadors of the Sensible World
Authors: Gamboni Aurélien 
Published: March 2020

We may work on things, but the opposite is perhaps even more true: things work on us. Reflecting on several projects of art and research that I have been involved in over the past years, which address different aspects of the environmental mutations currently in process, this paper will aim to partly divert from a usual focus on the deliberate intentions and goals that we can set ourselves as authors, rather observing how various objects of concern can progressively grow in our conscience and in our practice, calling for new transdisciplinary and investigative tools.
These projects include the observation of a negotiation summit re-enacted at SciencesPo Paris in 2012, during which the « specter » of climate change seemed to appear in the room as an almost physical presence; the long term artistic research project « A tale as a tool » developed with anthropologist and writer Sandrine Teixido, involving a text of fiction as an investigative object of mediation, allowing to collect testimonies by members of frontline communities from the South of Brazil to the North of Norway; and the research project « The Anthropocene Atlas of Geneva » at Geneva school of Art and Design, gathering self-reflexive interviews with numerous scientists, artists and other actors of the ecological transition.
Consumo de agua tratada de producción petrolera en la fertilidad del bovino macho del sistema doble propósito
Authors: Velásquez-Penagos José G. , Velásquez-Penagos José H. , Gutiérrez-Parrado Sonia Lucía , Barajas-Pardo Diana Patricia , Neira-Rivera Eliana , Ortiz-Valdés Ciro , Onofre-Rodríguez Héctor G. 
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el consumo de agua tratada proveniente de la producción petrolera en la calidad seminal del macho bovino reproductor, para ello se seleccionaron 16 toros entre 4 y 5 años distribuidos en dos grupos en los centros de investigaciones La Libertad de Agrosavia en Villavicencio y el Área de sostenibilidad agroenergetica, ASA en Acacias con disponibilidad de agua tratada de los campos petroleros, Apiay (A) y Castilla (C) respectivamente. Los animales seleccionados fueron distribuidos al azar para cada localidad en 4 tratamientos: 1) Consumo del 100 % agua de producción tratada; 2) consumo de mezcla 50 % agua de producción tratada y 50 % agua cruda; 3) consumo de mezcla 25 % agua de producción tratada y 75 % agua cruda; y 4) consumo 100 % agua cruda. Las variables consideradas fueron: calidad seminal para A y C determinadas por un sistema computarizado y de fertilidad in vitro para A evaluada por tinción fluorescente, Hoechst 33342. Los datos se analizaron estadística descriptiva, análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y pruebas de comparación de medias, Tukey, en un modelo de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. Los resultados indicaron, para calidad seminal, que los tratamientos que consumieron A y C en cada localidad presentaron diferencias (P < 0,05) para motilidad, 75,00±4,50, 69.24±4.13, espermatozoides motiles/100 células evaluadas, en el tratamiento dos respectivamente y en A para morfología, 76,67±2,06 espermatozoides normales/100 en el tratamiento cuatro, el índice de calidad espermática (ICE) no mostró diferencia (P > 0,05). Los resultados de unión espermatozoide - zona pelúcida mostraron diferencias entre tratamientos (P < 0,05), al igual que en fecundación in vitro, sin embargo, el comportamiento de estos cambios no indica asociación con el consumo de este tipo de agua. El estudio muestra que no se observan cambios contundentes o negativos que demuestren efecto en la fertilidad del toro por consumo de agua de producción tratada.
Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Flax Roving and Sateen Weave Woven Fabric-Reinforced Composites
Authors: Lemmi Tsegaye Sh. , Barburski Marcin , Samuel Bethalihem T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNatural fiber-reinforced composites are getting more attention from researchers and manufacturing companies to replace metals and synthetic materials that have dominated the manufacturing industries. In this study, the mechanical properties of unidirectional (UD) flax roving-reinforced composites and woven fabric-reinforced composites were investigated. Three different composites were prepared from flax rovings, which have the same linear density and epoxy resin matrix, with different reinforcement and composite preparation methods. The samples were subjected to experimental tests of flexural rigidity and tensile strength in a parallel and perpendicular direction to fiber orientation. The test results showed that flexural rigidity and tensile strength of flax fiber-reinforced composites are highly dependent on the direction of fiber orientation. The results also reveal that in a parallel direction to fiber orientation, UD composites have higher flexural rigidity and tensile strength than woven fabric-reinforced composite.
From Effect to Cause: Deductive Reasoning
Authors: da Silva Ricardo Tavares 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAccording to the traditional view, the following incompatibility holds true: in reasoning, either there is warrant (certainty) or there is novelty. If there is warrant, there is not novelty: that would be the case of deductive reasoning. If there is novelty, there is not warrant: that would be the case of inductive reasoning. Causal reasoning would belong to the second group because there is novelty and, therefore, there is not warrant in it. I argue that this is false: reasoning may have novelty and, nevertheless, be a deductive one. That is precisely what happens in (some) causal reasoning. And I will develop the following line of argumentation: one thing is to warrant that some state of affairs exists and other thing is to warrant that warrant. So we may have correct deductive reasoning without having certainty of that correction, like in some cases of causal reasoning.
Epistemology of Research on Radiation and Matter: a Structural View
Authors: Serra Isabel , Maia Elisa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe modern understanding of radiation got its start in 1895 with X-rays discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen, followed in 1896 by Henri Becquerel’s discovery of radioactivity. The development of the study of radiation opened a vast field of research concerning various disciplines: chemistry, physics, biology, geology, sociology, ethics, etc. Additionally, new branches of knowledge were created, such as atomic and nuclear physics that enabled an in-depth knowledge of the matter. Moreover, during the historical evolution of this body of knowledge a wide variety of new technologies was emerging. This article seeks to analyze the characteristics of experimental research in radioactivity and microphysics, in particular the relationship experience-theory. It will also be emphasized that for more than two decades, since the discovery of radioactivity, experiments took place without the theory being able to follow experimental dynamics. Some aspects identified as structural features of scientific research in the area of radiation and matter will be addressed through historical examples. The inventiveness of experiments in parallel with the emergence of quantum mechanics, the formation of teams and their relationship with technology developed from the experiments, as well as the evolution of microphysics in the sense of “Big Science” will be the main structural characteristics here focused. The case study of research in radioactivity in Portugal that assumes a certain importance and has structural characteristics similar to those of Europe will be presented.