bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimated cardiorespiratory fitness in childhood and cardiometabolic health in adulthood: 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Hamer Mark , O’Donovan Gary , Batty G. David , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundAssociations of cardiorespiratory fitness in childhood and adulthood with adult cardiometabolic risk factors are poorly understood, not least because of the paucity of studies.ObjectivesWe investigated associations between nonexercise testing cardiorespiratory fitness (NETCRF) in childhood/adulthood and cardiometabolic risk factors in adulthood.MethodsBased on an established algorithm comprising gender, age, body mass index, resting heart rate, and self‐reported physical activity at age 10, we computed NETCRF. Risk factors were assessed at age 46 in 5009 participants when NETCRF was again calculated. Linear regression was used to summarize associations between NETCRF in childhood and risk factors in adulthood and, additionally, the relationship between NETCRF in adulthood and risk factors in adulthood after adjusting for childhood NETCRF.ResultsInconsistent associations were observed between childhood NETCRF and adult risk factors. NETCRF in adulthood was associated with blood pressure [−5.8 (−6.7, −4.9)], glycated hemoglobin [−3.41 (−4.06, −2.76)], total cholesterol [−0.16 (−0.24, −0.08)], HDL cholesterol [0.19 (0.16, 0.22)], triglycerides [−0.68 (−0.85, −0.50)], and C‐reactive protein [−0.29 (−0.35, −0.22)] in adult males. Similar associations were observed in adult females. Compared to those with low estimated fitness in both childhood and adulthood, participants with low fitness in childhood and high fitness in adulthood had a lower risk of two or more cardiometabolic risk factors (odds ratio: 0.25; 95% confidence interval: 0.19, 0.31).ConclusionAssociations between estimated fitness and risk factors are stronger in adulthood than from childhood to adulthood. Adults with previously sedentary childhoods may still gain benefits from improving their fitness.
Learner perceptions of family‐centred rounds
Authors: Goodrich Nathaniel , Naslund Rachel , Bossert Whitney , Johnson Stephanie , Salcedo Stacy , Lyden Liz , Dallaghan Gary Beck 
Published: February 2020

SummaryBackgroundFamily‐centred rounds (FCRs) are common in paediatric inpatient medicine. FCRs lead to shorter hospital stays, improved communication, and improved patient and family satisfaction. Rounding structures can differ between institutions based on participants, the location of rounds and the role of trainees. The aim of our study was to compare walking hallway rounds with a new conference‐room rounding style, as measured by learner perceptions of FCRs.MethodsAll students participating in FCRs on two hospitalist teams were included in this study. In October 2017, a family‐centred conference‐room rounding model was developed. Team A adopted conference‐room rounds whereas team B continued to use hallway rounds. Student and resident evaluations were constructed using a nine‐point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree; 9, strongly agree). Evaluations assessed various perceived components of rounding.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences between the evaluation responses from student team A (n = 21) versus student team B (n = 32) regarding perceived comfort in presenting (A = 7.86, B = 6.56, t = 3.42, p ≤ 0.001), confidence talking to families about medical decision making (A = 7.19, B = 6.32, t = 2.57, p = 0.013), educational value of rounds (A = 8.05, B = 6.16, z = –4.39, p ≤ 0.0001), value as a team member (A = 7.38, B = 6.34, z = –2.22, p = 0.013) and preparedness to round (A = 7.76, B = 6.34, z = –3.67, p ≤ 0.0001). Among residents, there were statistically significant differences regarding the perceived efficiency of rounds (A = 6.69, B = 4.89, t = 2.09, p = 0.048) and family engagement (A = 7.81, B = 5.89, z = –2.67, p = 0.003).DiscussionCompared with hallway rounds, students and residents had improved learner perceptions of FCRs when participating in conference‐room rounds. Some component of conference room rounding may be beneficial to learners while maintaining family‐centered care.
Willingness of volunteers from Canadian Blood Service's Stem Cell Registry to donate blood, marrow, and other tissues for regenerative therapy
Authors: Liao Gary , Gilmore Karen , Steed Anthony , Elmoazzen Heidi , Allan David S. 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUNDAs research surrounding cell‐based regenerative therapy advances toward human trials, greater demand for cell products sourced from healthy donors will arise. The extent to which volunteers in Canadian Blood Services Stem Cell Registry would be willing to donate cells to support regenerative therapy is not known and warrants exploration.METHODSWe conducted a Web‐based survey to assess factors that would influence donor willingness to donate various tissues (blood, skin, fat, and bone marrow) for regenerative therapy. The survey was provided to 15,000 randomly selected donors who registered between 2013 and 2018. Data from the 1118 respondents were analyzed.RESULTSDespite a mixed degree of familiarity with regenerative medicine, potential donors were very supportive of donating for direct patient care and for research, and increasing their familiarity by reading a brief paragraph of information on regenerative medicine increased willingness to donate. Canadian Blood Servicesʼ stem cell registrants greatly preferred supporting nonprofit groups in research and development in comparison to entities that represent profit‐seeking industry involvement. The most important factors influencing donor willingness to donate were having an impact on patients, safety of donation, advancing knowledge in regenerative medicine, a manageable time commitment, and tolerable pain that could be managed. Donors were most willing to donate blood and had mixed responses to donating other tissue types.CONCLUSIONSAdult volunteers from a national stem cell registry are willing to support donation of biospecimens for regenerative therapy.
Numerical Analysis of a Surface Ship in Waves
Authors: Aram Shawn 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ship's resistance and engine power to sustain ship's speed in seaways are augmented due to complex non-linear interactions between the ship and the ambient sea (waves). Ship designers, in early design stage, use an ad hoc "sea margin" to account for the effects of seaways in selecting propeller and engine. A numerical tool capable of accurately predicting added resistance and power of a ship cruising in waves would greatly help select its powering (margin) requirement and determine the optimal operating point that can maximize the energy efficiency.
For seakeeping analysis, strip theory-based methods have long been used. More recently, nonlinear time-domain three-dimensional (3D) panel methods have started being used widely. A more physics-based avenue to seakeeping analysis is offered by coupled solutions of two-phase unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and six degrees-of-freedom rigid-body motion (RBM) equations. The URANS approach also avails itself of including the effects of propulsors, either explicitly or approximately. By accounting for all the nonlinear effects in hydrodynamic forces and moments and the resulting ship motions, and the effects of fluid viscosity and turbulence, the coupled URANS-RBM method is believed not only able to predict added resistance and speed loss more accurately, but also to provide valuable insights into the physical mechanisms underlying added resistance and power. The objectives of this study are: (1) to validate a coupled URANS-RBM solver developed for high-fidelity prediction of added resistance, speed loss and added power on ships cruising in regular head sea and irregular waves, and (2) to conduct a detailed analysis of the interactions among ship hull, propeller and waves for a 1/49 scaled model of the ONR Tumblehome (ONRT) (Model 5613) in order to shed light on the physical mechanisms leading to added resistance, speed loss and added power. Figure 1 depicts the ONRT self-propellers with two 4-bladed propellers in regular waves. The main flow features such as the free surface, the hub vortices and blade-tip vortices from the propeller, as well as vortices generated by the sonar dome, shafts, shaft brackets and bilge keels are captured.
Pore-Level Investigation of Heavy Crude Oil–Water/Chemicals Displacements in Heterogeneous Porous Media in the Presence of Ultrasounds
Authors: Kanani Mojtaba , Mohammadi Alamooti Amir Hossein , Ghazanfari Mohammad Hossein , Ghotbi Cyrus 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Despite numerous studies, fundamental understanding of how pore-level displacements in heavy crude oil–water/chemicals systems are controlled by ultrasonic radiation is not well understood, especially for heterogeneous porous media. In this study, a series of water/chemical flooding were performed on a heterogeneous rock-look-alike micromodel, which was initially saturated with the crude oil, and the pore-level displacements in the presence of ultrasounds are investigated. It has been observed that although the ultrasounds improve the recovery of oil adhered to the pores’ walls, the bypassed oil in the case of injection of surfactant and polymer solutions is relatively high. For the case of water injection, depending on frequency, the ultrasounds can profoundly improve the recovery efficiency up to 17% in comparison to the absence of ultrasounds by peristaltic movement of oil on the walls and forming the ganglia in invading phase, which first affect the minor fingers and then influence the major fingers by developing them through the untouched pores. In addition, some analyses on fingers development during water/chemical injections are presented. The results of this work help to better understand the role of ultrasound on displacement patterns in crude oil–water/chemical systems.
Perspective of United States Judo Coaches on Concussion: A National Survey
Authors: Yannetsos Christina , Pacheco Mario C. , Thomas Danny G. 
Published: February 2020

Concussions among athletes in contact sports are a prevalent health concern in the United States. There are few studies that have assessed concussion from the perspective of judo coaches. This is a descriptive study of a survey sent to 1,056 United States judo coaches assessing their attitudes, knowledge, and practices toward concussion. The survey had a response rate of 21%, with 215 total responses. Though most coaches could accurately identify common symptoms of concussion from a case presentation, many also misidentified nonconcussion and red flags (e.g., facial droop) as symptoms of concussion. A minority of coaches reported any formal training in concussion management. USA Judo coaches are receptive to and would benefit from a sport-specific standardized concussion training program.
Quantity of hemoperitoneum is associated with need for intervention in patients with stable blunt splenic injury
Authors: Salottolo Kristin , Madayag Robert M , O'Brien Michael , Yon James , Tanner Allen , Topham Andrew , Lieser Mark , Carrick Matthew M , Mains Charles W , Bar-Or David 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundIn patients with hemodynamically stable blunt splenic injury (BSI), there is no consensus on whether quantity of hemoperitoneum (HP) is a predictor for intervention with splenic artery embolization (SAE) or failing nonoperative management (fNOM). We sought to analyze whether the quantity of HP was associated with need for intervention.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with hemodynamically stable BSI admitted to six trauma centers between 2014 and 2016. Quantity of HP was defined as small (perisplenic blood or blood in Morrison’s pouch), moderate (blood in one or both pericolic gutters), or large (additional finding of free blood in the pelvis). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of intervention with SAE or fNOM versus successful observation.ResultsThere were 360 patients: hemoperitoneum was noted in 214 (59%) patients, of which the quantity was small in 92 (43%), moderate in 76 (35.5%), and large in 46 (21.5%). Definitive management was as follows: 272 (76%) were observed and 88 (24%) had intervention (83 SAE, 5 fNOM). The rate of intervention was univariately associated with quantity of HP, even after stratification by American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade. After adjustment, larger quantities of HP significantly increased odds of intervention (p=0.01). Compared with no HP, the odds of intervention were significantly increased for moderate HP (OR=3.51 (1.49 to 8.26)) and large HP (OR=2.89 (1.03 to 8.06)), with similar odds for small HP (OR=1.21 (0.46 to 2.76)). Other independent predictors of intervention were higher AAST grade, older age, and presence of splenic vascular injury.ConclusionGreater quantity of HP was associated with increased odds of intervention, with no difference in risk for moderate versus large HP. These findings suggest quantity of HP should be incorporated in the management algorithm of BSI as a consideration for angiography and/or embolization to maximize splenic preservation and reduce the risk of splenic rupture.Level of evidenceIII, retrospective epidemiological study.
Spherical and cylindrical solutions in f(T) gravity by Noether symmetry approach
Authors: Nurbaki Ali Nur , Capozziello Salvatore , Deliduman Cemsinan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe find exact solutions forf(T) teleparallel gravity for the cases of spherically and cylindrically symmetric tetrads. The adopted method is based on the search for Noether symmetries of point-like Lagrangians defined in Jordan and Einstein frames. Constants of motion are used to reduce the dynamical system. We first consider the Lagrangian defined in the Jordan frame for a spherically symmetric tetrad and, by the help of two constants of motion, we eliminate a tetrad potential and integrate the other. The more complicated structure in the Einstein frame is also overcome by the same method. After that we obtain the Jordan frame Lagrangian for a general cylindrically symmetric tetrad. Following the same procedure adopted in the spherically symmetric case, we again obtain the tetrad potentials and then the exact solutions.
Frequent Premature Atrial Contractions in Cryptogenic Stroke Predict Atrial Fibrillation Detection with Insertable Cardiac Monitoring
Authors: Todo Kenichi , Iwata Tomonori , Doijiri Ryosuke , Yamagami Hiroshi , Morimoto Masafumi , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Sonoda Kazutaka , Yamazaki Hidekazu , Junpei Koge , Okazaki Shuhei , Sasaki Tsutomu , Mochizuki Hideki 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To determine whether frequent premature atrial contractions (PAC) predict atrial fibrillation (AF) in cryptogenic stroke patients, we analyzed the association between frequent PACs in 24-h Holter electrocardiogram recording and AF detected by insertable cardiac monitoring (ICM). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a database of 66 consecutive patients with cryptogenic stroke who received ICM implantation between October 2016 and March 2018 at 5 stroke centers. We included the follow-up data until June 2018 in this analysis. We defined frequent PACs as the upper quartile of the 66 patients. We analyzed the association of frequent PACs with AF detected by ICM. Results: Frequent PACs were defined as >222 PACs per a 24-h period. The proportion of patients with newly detected AF by ICM was higher in patients with frequent PACs than those without (50% [8/16] vs. 22% [11/50], p < 0.05). Frequent PACs were associated with AF detection and time to the first AF after adjustment for CHADS2 score after index stroke, high plasma ­B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP; >100 pg/mL) or serum ­N-terminal pro-BNP levels (>300 pg/mL), and large left atrial diameter (≥45 mm). Conclusion: High frequency of PACs in cryptogenic stroke may be a strong predictor of AF detected by ICM.
Energetics of a Rotating Wind-forced Horizontal Convection Model of a Reentrant Channel
Authors: Zemskova Varvara E. , White Brian L. , Scotti Alberto 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present numerical results for an idealized rotating, buoyancy- and windforced channel as a simple model for the Southern Ocean branch of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC). Differential buoyancy forcing is applied along the top horizontal surface, with surface cooling at one end (to represent the pole) and surface warming at the other (to represent the equatorial region) and a zonally re-entrant channel to represent the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Zonally-uniform surface wind forcing is applied with a similar pattern to the westerlies and easterlies with varying magnitude relative to the buoyancy forcing. The problem is solved numerically using a 3D DNS model based on a finite-volume solver for the Boussinesq Navier-Stokes equations with rotation. The overall dynamics, including large-scale overturning, baroclinic eddying, turbulent mixing, and resulting energy cascades are studied by calculating terms in the energy budget using the local Available Potential Energy framework. The basic physics of the overturning in the Southern Ocean are investigated at multiple scales and the output from the fully-resolved DNS simulations is compared with the results from previous studies of the global (ECCO2) and Southern Ocean eddy-permitting state estimates. We find that both the magnitude and shape of the zonal wind stress profile are important to the spatial pattern of the overturning circulation. However, the available potential energy budget and the diapycnal mixing are not significantly affected by the surface wind stress and are primarily set by the buoyancy forcing at the surface.
Indonesian online newspaper reporting of suicidal behavior: Compliance with World Health Organization media guidelines
Authors: Nisa Nazriatun , Arifin Muhammad , Nur Muhammad Fauzan , Adella Shylvana , Marthoenis Marthoenis 
Published: February 2020

Background: Despite the lack of attention, suicide is a major public and mental health problem in Indonesia. Research on how Indonesian newspapers portray suicide case has been lacking. Aim: To assess the quality of Indonesian online newspaper reporting suicide news and its compliance with the World Health Organization (WHO) mass media reporting guidelines. Methods: The content of suicide news reported in online newspapers was searched and scrutinized against the WHO suicide reporting guidelines. Results: Within the duration of 6 months, there were 548 suicide news reported. This consisted of 16.8% attempted suicide and 83.2% completed suicide. Approximately 90.3% reported age, 97.3% reported gender and 64.3% reported the marital status of the victims. Furthermore, 68% reported the methods of suicide in headline or title, 40.5% shown the picture of the victims and 56.6% shown illustration only, and 67.2% reported life event related to suicide act. Conclusion: The vast majority of online newspapers in Indonesia exaggerate suicide news. They rarely inform the readers that there is hope and help available. The majority also do not conform to the WHO media guidelines.
Rutin promotes osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells through the GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Bin , Xiong Yixuan , Zhang Yunpeng , Jia Linglu , Zhang Wenjing , Xu Xin 
Published: February 2020

Rutin is one of the flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables. Recent reports have revealed that rutin is a major player in proliferation and bone development. However, data on how rutin regulates the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), as well as the differentiation of osteogenic cells are scanty. Here, our findings showed that rutin enhanced PDLSCs proliferation, increased ALP activity, and matrix mineralization. Moreover, rutin significantly promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and elevated phosphorylated AKT and mTOR. Treatment with LY294002 reversed these effects by inhibiting PI3K. We also found that the expression levels of GPR30 were increased by rutin. Interestingly, this upregulation was not altered after the addition of LY294002. In addition, G15, a selective antagonist of GPR30, could reduce the beneficial effects induced by rutin and interfere with the modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal transduction. Collectively, our findings revealed that rutin increased proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal transduction. Therefore, it could be deduced that rutin as a certain flavonoid possesses therapeutic value for periodontal bone regeneration and tissue engineering. Impact statement In our study, the effects and mechanisms of rutin on the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of PDLSCs were investigated. Our findings might provide basic knowledge and guidance to understand and use rutin in the bioengineering of the periodontal tissues and regeneration of bones. The following is a short description of the main findings: rutin promotes the osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of PDLSCs; PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway mediates the effects of rutin on PDLSCs; rutin activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway via GPR30.
Application of Uniform Experimental Design in Optimizing Excitation Parameters for Magnetic Frequency Mixing Measurements
Authors: Chang Yu , Jiao Jingpin , Liu Xiucheng , Li Guanghai , He Cunfu , Wu Bin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractExcitation parameter preferences are key factors affecting the performance of magnetic frequency mixing detection. A uniform experimental design method was used to analyze this influence. Using fuzzy theory, a comprehensive model is established for evaluating the effect of magnetic frequency mixing. A polynomial is selected as the regression function to express explicitly the correlation between the excitation parameters and the frequency-mixing effect. The excitation parameters were then optimized using genetic algorithm. Magnetic frequency mixing experiments were conducted to measure the surface hardness of some ferromagnetic materials. Frequency mixing is further enhanced under the optimal settings, resulting in an improvement in the measurement sensitivity. The results of this study support the application of the magnetic frequency mixing technique in non-destructive testing.