bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of multi‐omics layers empowers precision diagnosis through unveiling pathogenic mechanisms on maple syrup urine disease
Authors: Tejedor Juan Ramón , Soriano‐Sexto Alejandro , Beccari Leonardo , Castejón‐Fernández Natalia , Correcher Patricia , Sainz‐Ledo Lidia , Alba‐Linares Juan José , Urdinguio Rocío G. , Ugarte Magdalena , Fernández Agustín F. , Rodríguez‐Pombo Pilar , Fraga Mario F. , Pérez Belén 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by deficient activity of the branched‐chain alpha‐ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex, required to metabolize the amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Despite its profound metabolic implications, the molecular alterations underlying this metabolic impairment had not yet been completely elucidated. We performed a comprehensive multi‐omics integration analysis, including genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic data from fibroblasts derived from a cohort of MSUD patients and unaffected controls to genetically characterize an MSUD case and to unravel the MSUD pathophysiology. MSUD patients exhibit a defined episignature that reshapes the global DNA methylation landscape, resulting in the stimulation of HOX cluster genes and the restriction of cell cycle gene‐related signatures. Subsequent data integration revealed the impact of AP1‐related and CEBPB transcription factors on the observed molecular reorganization, with MEIS1 emerging as a potential downstream candidate affected by robust epigenetic repression in MSUD patients. Furthermore, the integration of multi‐omics layers facilitated the identification of a strong epigenetic repression in the DBT promoter in a patient wherein no BCKDH pathogenic variants had been detected. A Circular Chromatin Conformation Capture assay indicated a disturbance of the interactions of DBT promoter, thereby unveiling alternative modes of disease inheritance. Integration of multi‐omics data unveiled underlying molecular networks rewired in MSUD patients and represents a powerful approach with diagnostic potential for rare genetic disorders with unknown genetic bases.
Spermatozoa and Spermatogenesis in the Ribbon Worm Asteronemertes gibsoni (Hoplonemertea, Oerstediidae), a Symbiont of Sea Stars
Authors: Yurchenko Olga V. , Chernyshev Alexey V. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the phylum Nemertea, the class Hoplonemertea (former Enopla) comprises the largest number of studied species with complex spermatozoa. Asteronemertes gibsoni Chernyshev, 1991, a nemertean species having a symbiotic relationship with sea stars, is characterized by complex filiform spermatozoa. Here, spermatogenesis and spermatozoon structure in A. gibsoni have been examined using light and electron microscopy. Numerous proacrosomal vesicles of two kinds have been found in early spermatogenic cells. In spermatozoa, the elongated acrosomal complex consists of two components: a core, which is a spindle‐shaped electron‐dense acrosomal vesicle with a long anterior end, and its casing of moderate electron density that covers the acrosomal vesicle completely. The acrosomal complex is located laterally relative to the elongated nucleus. The acrosomal casing bears two rows of small, short channels between the nucleus and the electron‐dense acrosomal core. In late spermatids, the elongations of the acrosomal complex and the nucleus occur simultaneously and are mediated by numerous microtubules that disappear during the latest stages of spermiogenesis. The flagellum in spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa contains an axoneme with the usual 9 × 2 + 2 microtubular organization and is posteriorly oriented in spermatozoa. As known to date, A. gibsoni has the most modified spermatozoa among investigated Nemertea, and the complex structure of its sperm is suggested to be associated with the reproductive biology, in particular, with fertilization. Additionally, a number of similar ultrastructural features in spermatozoon organization have been found in A. gibsoni and Kurilonemertes phyllospadicola whose phylogenetic relationship was previously proven.
The Corneal Structure of the Yellow‐Legged Gull, Larus michahellis (Naumann, 1840)
Authors: Cobo R. , Navarro‐Sempere A. , Mielgo P. , Segovia Y. , García M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe cornea is the transparent part of the eye's outer sheath and the primary refractive element in the optical system of all vertebrates allowing light to focus on the central part of the retina. Maintenance of its curvature and clarity is therefore essential, providing a smooth optical surface and a protective goggle to ensure a focused image on the retina. However, the corneas of birds have been largely overlooked and the structures and mechanisms controlling corneal shape and hence visual acuity remain unknown. In this work, the cornea of a seabird, that is, the yellow‐legged gull, has been investigated using light and electron microscopy. Histological examination reveals that, as in other vertebrates, the cornea consists of five layers: outer epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. The corneal epithelium is a nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium approximately 3–4 cells thick that covers the front of the cornea. The surface of the cornea features two types of microprojections, microridges and microvilli. The acellular Bowman's layer is difficult to define because of its gradual transition into the more regularly arranged stroma, which constitute the bulk of the cornea, a collagen‐rich central layer that comprises nearly 90% of the thickness of the cornea. The collagen fibrils are of uniform diameter and, within a given lamella, are all parallel to each other and run the entire breadth of the cornea. The lamellae are oriented at various angles with respect to each other. Between the lamellae, most of the keratocytes were concentrated in the central region of the corneal stroma. Desçemet's membrane is well‐developed. The endothelium is a single cell‐layer thick of approximately 3 µm in depth. The endothelial cells are polygonal and display irregular and interdigitating borders in basolateral plasma membranes. The results shown different diurnal lifestyle characteristics in the yellow‐legged gull cornea.
Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Characteristics Derived From Multiple Gridded Precipitation Datasets: A Comparative Assessment
Authors: Paul Sandipan , Sharma Priyank J. , Teegavarapu Ramesh S. V. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPrecipitation, a crucial component of the Earth system processes, regulates the spatiotemporal cyclicity of water, energy, and carbon fluxes. Accurate precipitation datasets leverage the understanding of precipitation dynamics and are vital for hydro‐climatological studies. South Asian monsoon is a complex, multi‐scale interacting, synoptic, and ocean–land–atmosphere coupled system, contributing to significant spatial and temporal variability in summer monsoonal rainfall across India. This study evaluates four types of gridded (observational, satellite, reanalysis, and hybrid) precipitation products in their ability to replicate Indian Summer Monsoonal Rainfall (ISMR) characteristics using the India Meteorological Department (IMD) 0.25° gridded data as the baseline. A comparative assessment is performed in this study that uses several continuous and interval‐based performance measures to evaluate the overall rainfall magnitude detectability and time‐matched capturing of rainfall events. A new metric, rank score, is developed by aggregating multiple measures to find the best product. The analyses based on several performance measures indicate that MSWEP is the best dataset (rank one) that closely approximates the occurrence and magnitude of IMD‐based rainfall events, while APHRODITE, CHIRPS, and IMDAA are ranked as the next best set of products. PGF is ranked the lowest among all products evaluated and is not recommended for applications. Nonetheless, APHRODITE suffers from strong negative biases, while the reanalysis (IMDAA, ERA5‐Land, PGF) datasets show significant positive biases. Among the products evaluated, APHRODITE, ERA5‐Land, and IMDAA have shown a limited ability to detect excess, normal, and deficit monsoon years, respectively. In general, the performance of satellite‐based data products is superior to that of reanalysis datasets in accurately characterising the monsoon years. ERA5‐Land is noted to be the best‐performing dataset among the reanalysis products. The comprehensive comparative assessment carried out in this study benefits the selection and use of appropriate gridded precipitation products for hydroclimatic modelling, climate variability, and change studies.
“Who” Is the Best Creative Thinking Partner? An Experimental Investigation of Human–Human, Human–Internet, and Human–AI Co‐Creation
Authors: Tang Min , Hofreiter Sebastian , Werner Christian H. , Zielińska Aleksandra , Karwowski Maciej 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRecent research suggests that working with generative artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, can produce more creative outcomes than humans alone. However, does AI retain its creative edge when humans have access to alternative information sources, such as another human or the internet. We explored this question in a between‐group experiment with 202 German participants across four conditions (human–human dyads, human–Internet, and two human–AI groups with basic or specific instructions) and four creativity tasks (two alternate uses tasks, a consequences task, and a problem‐solving task). Results showed that the human–human condition obtained higher creativity scores in the divergent thinking tasks than the remaining groups. No significant between‐group differences were observed in the problem‐solving task. Moreover, interacting in human dyads made people more creatively confident, an effect not observed in the other groups. In addition, we compared human‐rated outcomes with AI‐based automated scoring (Ocsai). Interestingly, notable discrepancies emerged between the AI assessment and the human‐judged results, raising concerns about AI's susceptibility to “elaboration bias.” These findings highlight the benefits of human collaboration for creativity and call for further studies about the reliability and potential biases of AI in evaluating creative performance.
Emerging Treatment Modalities for Gastric Cancer With Macroscopic Peritoneal Metastases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gül Safak , Alberto Miguel , Annika Kurreck , Pratschke Johann , Rau Beate 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGastric cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastases represents a major therapeutic challenge and is associated with a poor prognosis. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new treatment modalities. A systematic search of PubMed was conducted to identify studies published between January 2014 and April 2024. Inclusion criteria were trials investigating novel therapies for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastases. Data on treatment efficacy, survival outcomes, and side effects were extracted.
Disparities in Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nguyen Antoinette , Chon Jeewon , Coles Brigid , Galiano Robert 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women in Southeast Asia. However, significant disparities in access to postmastectomy breast reconstruction persist due to cultural, economic, and healthcare‐related factors. These disparities result in unequal access to care, impacting patient outcomes, and overall quality of life. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to assess trends, disparities, and outcomes in breast reconstruction across Southeast Asia. The review included 15 studies published between 2000 and 2023 from countries including Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Brunei. Data extracted focused on disparities related to ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographic location, and surgical outcomes. Statistical analysis included summarizing key variables across studies. Significant cultural and economic barriers to breast reconstruction were identified. Cultural beliefs influenced uptake, with Malay women preferring autologous tissue reconstruction (92.3%), while Chinese women had lower reconstruction rates due to traditional beliefs. Economic constraints limited access to advanced techniques like the DIEP flap, which had a median cost of SGD 11 009.38, significantly higher than the TRAM flap (SGD, 300.51, p < 0.001). Geographic disparities further restricted access, especially in rural areas. Complication rates were higher in obese patients, with total flap loss at 6% and fat necrosis at 10%. Studies from Vietnam and Thailand reported 5‐year overall survival rates of 95% and disease‐free survival rates of 80.7% for early‐stage breast cancer patients undergoing reconstruction. Breast reconstruction disparities in Southeast Asia are driven by complex interactions between cultural, economic, and healthcare‐related factors. Efforts to reduce these disparities must focus on increasing patient education, expanding reconstructive options, and addressing systemic healthcare inequalities. Targeted interventions, including policy changes to subsidize reconstruction and improve surgeon training in rural areas, are critical to ensuring equitable access and improving patient outcomes across the region.
Role of Iron in Stabilization of Soil Organic Carbon Under Different Vegetation Communities of Mangrove Wetlands
Authors: Zhao Haixiao , Tan Qian , Zhang Sibo , Yang Wei , Xia Feiyang , Guo Hongjiang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIron (Fe) oxides play an important role in maintaining soil organic carbon (SOC) stability. However, little attention has been paid to the role of Fe oxides in preserving SOC in mangrove wetlands with different vegetation communities. In this study, four soils of dominant vegetation communities:
Phragmites australis
(PA), Acanthus ilicifolius (AI), Sonneratia apetala (SA), and mixed soils of
S. apetala
and A. ilicifolius (SA + AI) were selected from mangrove wetland of Qi'ao Island. The distributions of Fe‐bound organic carbon (OC‐Fe) and Fe oxides (Feo, acid oxalate‐extractable Fe; Fep, pyrophosphate‐extractable Fe), and the role of soil factors in SOC conservation were investigated. The results showed that soil OC‐Fe content ranged from 1.03 to 4.96 g/kg, with a contribution to SOC ranging from 5.97% to 24.07%, which was highest in SA + AI (3.58 ± 0.94 g/kg), followed by PA (2.67 ± 1.07 g/kg), SA (1.88 ± 0.43 g/kg), and AI (1.82 ± 0.32 g/kg). The Fep content was higher in the PA and SA + AI, however, the Feo content was lower. Structural equation modeling indicated that SOC, Feo, and Fep were direct drivers of OC‐Fe formation. Overall, the aboveground biomass of different vegetation communities indirectly affected the OC‐Fe content by regulating SOC inputs. High water contents, low oxygen conditions, and near‐neutral soils in mangrove wetlands favor OC‐Fe formation between Fe oxides and SOC by co‐precipitation or complexation. This study highlights the importance of mangrove wetland vegetation communities in Fe‐C coupling, while providing theoretical support for the study of carbon cycling processes in mangrove wetlands.
Tillage With Straw Returning Promotes Soil Functional Microbiomes and Nitrogen Transformation to Increase Cotton Yield
Authors: Li Wenhao , Qu Wenying , Zong Rui , Li Junfeng , Ho Shih‐Hsin , Wang Zhenhua 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe soil microbial community and its driven nitrogen (N) conversion are the key processes in cotton production. However, the responses of soil microbial communities to changes in farming practices (e.g., tillage and straw returning) remain unknown. This study sampled soil from the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm layers of cotton fields under no‐tillage (NT), tillage (T), no‐tillage + straw returning (NT + SR), and tillage + straw returning (T + SR) practices, and high‐throughput sequencing approach method was used to investigate the effects of farming practices on soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure, and N metabolism pathways, as well as their associations with cotton yield. The survival rate (90.44% ± 0.90%) and yield (5314.0 ± 57.04 kg/ha) of cotton were highest under T + SR, and T improved cotton yield more effectively than SR. T increased the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms and mediated their assimilation of ammonium nitrogen (NH+ 4‐N) by improving the soil physical properties. In addition, the survival rate and yield of cotton were primarily related to the fungal communities and their pathways of assimilating NH+ 4‐N because fungi had more complex and stable networks. The core microbiota contained most of the taxa that were significantly associated with N cycling genes and cotton yield, and even rare taxa could play an important role in microbial function. This study improves our understanding of the microbial N mechanism; T combined with SR can improve soil quality and establish healthy soil microflora (fungal‐dominated type) to improve cotton production.
Higher expression of mir‐31‐5p is associated with reduced risk of head and neck keloid recurrence following surgical resection
Authors: Levin Albert M. , Okifo Oghenefejiro , Buhl Katherine , Ouchi Takahiro , Parker Bianca , Tan Jessica , Datta Indrani , Dai Xiangguo , Chen Yalei , Palanisamy Nallasivam , Veenstra Jesse , Carskadon Shannon , Li Jia , Ozog David , Keller Christian E. , Chitale Dhananjay , Bobbitt Kevin R. , Crawford Howard C. , Steele Nina , Mi Qing‐Sheng , Jones Lamont R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to evaluate mir‐31‐5p as a prognostic biomarker of keloid disease (KD) recurrence using a retrospective, treatment naïve, surgical cohort of head and neck KD cases from Henry Ford Health.MethodsUsing a tissue microarray, mir‐31‐5p expression was measured with miRNAscope, and mir‐31‐5p cell positivity was determined with QuPath. Logistic regression was used to test the association between mir‐31‐5p positive cells and KD recurrence at 1 year. In an independent dataset, associations between mir‐31‐5p and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were assessed. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified target genes and pathways impacted by mir‐31‐5p.ResultsOf the 58 KD patients, 42 (72%) received adjuvant triamcinolone injections, and 8 recurred (14%). mir‐31‐5p was expressed in 48 (83%) specimens. Increasing mir‐31‐5p expression was associated with decreased risk of recurrence (p = .031), with an odds ratio of 0.86 (95% CI 0.75–0.98) for each 20% increase in mir‐31‐5p cellular positivity. This effect persisted with triamcinolone treatment (odds ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.71–0.95; p = .015). mir‐31‐5p correlated with gene expression enriched in KD pathways, including mRNA splicing and autophagy.ConclusionTaken together, our data supports the association between mir‐31‐5p expression and KD recurrence. Its potential as a prognostic biomarker should be further investigated.Level of EvidenceLevel 2.
Endoscopic and microscopic video modules are effective for teaching middle ear anatomy
Authors: Tu Leona J. , Nwosu Obinna I. , Chieffe Doug , Daniel Elissa , Cohen Michael S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of video modules in improving trainees' objective knowledge of middle ear anatomy and to compare the efficacy of using the endoscope to the microscope in video modules.MethodsMedical students and residents were recruited. Two videos reviewing middle ear anatomy were developed. One video was recorded using an endoscope and the other using a microscope. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the endoscopic or microscopic video module group. A 20‐question knowledge assessment designed to assess understanding of anatomic concepts was administered to all subjects prior to the intervention. After completing the endoscopic or microscopic video modules, subjects were administered the same knowledge assessment.ResultsOf the 62 subjects recruited, 32 were randomized to the endoscope group and 30 to the microscope group. Eleven subjects completed all components of the assessment in the endoscope group and nine in the microscope group. Subjects in the endoscope group demonstrated a mean 12.3% increase in assessment scores (SD 9.1%, p = .0008), compared to a mean 11.7% increase in assessment scores in the microscope group (SD 9.4%, p = .0002). When controlling for pretest scores, there was no significant difference in posttest performance between the two groups.ConclusionBrief video modules effectively improved objective short‐term knowledge of middle ear anatomy. Although both groups demonstrated a significant improvement in knowledge, there was no significant difference in the educational utility of endoscopic videos compared to microscopic videos. Further studies with larger sample sizes may help quantify which modalities are optimal for teaching.Level of EvidenceNA.
Rising water levels increase CH4 emissions and decrease CO2 exchange in a temperate salt marsh
Authors: Yang Dan , Jensen Asger Buur , Sorrell Brian K. , Brix Hans , Eller Franziska 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSaline wetlands play a crucial role in climate regulation through their robust cooling effect, attributed to rapid carbon sequestration and minimal methane production. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms controlling their greenhouse gas (GHG) balance is lacking, particularly in salt marshes that are fully or partially submerged due to rising sea levels. We conducted a controlled manipulative experiment to test the effect of water levels on GHG emissions, including four water table levels: ‐10, 0, +5 cm and a fluctuating water table. We used soil cores from a Spartina anglica‐dominated salt marsh and examined the CO2 and CH4 fluxes over a growing season. Daylight CO2 uptake and dark CO2 emission were highest at the ‐10cm water table, while CH4 emissions were lowest at this water table. CO2 and CH4 fluxes were primarily driven by air and water temperature and solar irradiance. Our results indicate that salt marshes with near‐surface water levels (‐10 to 5 cm) function as potent CO2 sinks and minor sources of CH4 during the growing season. The high photosynthetic carbon assimilation combined with low CH4 fluxes resulted in a Global Warming Potential value of ‐326 g CO2eq m−2 on a 100‐year scale. Our study accounted for CH4 fluxes, CO2 uptake and emission together, and identified the mechanisms controlling CO2 and CH4 exchange. This approach is crucial for evaluating the potential of saline tidal wetlands as net carbon sinks and for developing scientifically sound climate mitigation policies.
Three‐parameter Triebel–Lizorkin spaces associated with a sum of two flag singular integrals
Authors: Chen Yan , Tao Xiangxing , Zheng Taotao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the authors establish the three‐parameter Triebel–Lizorkin spaces and characterize these spaces as the intersection of two flag Triebel–Lizorkin spaces by applying the discrete Littlewood–Paley–Stein analysis. Moreover, they obtain the boundedness of product singular integral operators on the three‐parameter Triebel–Lizorkin spaces.