bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of tumour hypoxia, proliferation and glucose metabolism in head and neck cancer before and during treatment
Authors: Kazmierska Joanna , Cholewinski Witold , Piotrowski Tomasz , Sowinska Anna , Bak Bartosz , Cegła Paulina , Malicki Julian 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of multitracer positron emission tomography (PET) imaging before and during chemoradiation and to evaluate the predictive value of image-based factors for outcome in locally advanced head and neck cancers treated with chemoradiation.

Methods:
In the week prior to the treatment [18F]−2-flu-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), [18F]−3'-flu-3'deoxythymidine (FLT) and [18F]-flumisonidazole (FMISO) imaging was performed. FLT scans were repeated at 14 and 28 Gy and FMISO at 36 Gy. Overall survival, disease-free survival and local control were correlated with subvolume parameters, and with tumour-to-muscle ratio for FMISO. For every tracer, total metabolic tumour volume was calculated.

Results:
33 patients were included. No correlation was found between pre-treatment maximum standardised uptake value for FDG, FLT, FMISO and outcomes. Tumour volume measured on initial CT scans and initial FLT volume correlated with disease-free survivall (p = 0.007 and 0.04 respectively). FDG and FLT metabolic tumour volumes correlated significantly with local control (p = 0.005 and 0.02 respectively). In multivariate Cox analysis only individual initial TMRmax correlated with overall survival.

Conclusion:
PET/CT imaging is a promising tool. However, various aspects of image analysis need further clinical validation in larger multicentre study employing uniform imaging protocol and standardisation, especially for hypoxia tracer.

Advances in knowledge:
Monitoring of biological features of the tumour using multitracer PET modality seems to be a feasible option in daily clinical practice.
Evaluation of hypoxic subvolumes is more patient dependent; thus, exploration of individual parameters of hypoxia is needed. tumour-to-muscle ratio seems to be the most promising so far.
Infecciones quirúrgicas postparto: prevención, monitoreo y uso de apósitos con cloruro de dialquilcarbamilo (DACC)
Authors: Fronzo Camila 
Published: December 2019

Sinopsis: La región de América Latina y el Caribe tiene el mayor índice de partos por cesárea del mundo. El dato no es novedoso, pero los riesgos de infección relacionados con esta operación siguen generando preocupación. Sobre todo, en tiempos donde la resistencia a los antibióticos es considerada una de las mayores amenazas para la salud mundial. En Reino Unido, una conferencia sobre prevención de infecciones postparto resaltó esta problemática, presentó las últimas técnicas para el manejo y prevención de infecciones quirúrgicas después de una cesárea, y recomendó diferentes apósitos a la hora de elegir un tratamiento que no favorezca la resistencia a los antibióticos. La necesidad de enfrentar los desafíos que presentan las infecciones postparto, sumada a la importancia de contar con profesionales de la salud entrenados en el cuidado de las heridas y la selección de apósitos, fueron los mensajes claves.
Self-aligned micro-optic integrated photonic platform
Authors: Jovic Aleksandar , Losilla Nuria Sanchez , Durá Juan Sancho , Zinoviev Kirill , Rubio Guivernau Jose Luis , Margallo-Balbás Eduardo , Mastrangeli Massimo , Pandraud Grégory , Sarro Pasqualina M. 
Published: December 2019

In this work, we present the fabrication technology of a monolithically integrated photonic platform combining key components for optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, thereby including a photonic interferometer, a collimating lens, and a 45° reflecting mirror that directs the light from the interferometer to the collimator. The proposed integration process simplifies the fabrication of an interferometric system and inherently overcomes the complexity of costly alignment procedures while complying with the necessarily stringent optical constraints. Fabricated waveguide characterization shows total optical losses as low as 3 dB, and less than 1 dB of additional loss due to the Si 45° mirror facet. The alignment standard deviation of all components is within 15 nm. The integrated lens profile achieves a divergence angle smaller than 0.7°, which is close to that of a collimator. The proposed photonic platform provides the premise for low-cost and small-footprint single-chip OCT systems.
Digital halftoning method with simultaneously optimized perceptual image quality and drive current for multi-tonal electrophoretic displays
Authors: Qin Zong , Wang Hsin-I , Chen Zi-Yu , Chen Chun-Ho , Tien Pei-Lin , Liu Mei-Hwa , Liu Shu-Cheng , Hung Chi-Mao , Tsai Chuan-Chuan , Huang Yi-Pai 
Published: December 2019

While using digital halftoning to achieve multi-tones in a 1 bit electrophoretic display (EPD), e.g., a three-pigment chromatic EPD, the drive current is significantly increased because of frequently reversed pixel values. Aimed at this issue, this study first establishes a model that can accurately predict the drive current from image content. Next, based on the direct binary search method, a new halftoning method is proposed by constructing a combined merit function that incorporates both the perceptual image quality and the drive current. As a result, in experiments using a 13.5 in. three-pigment EPD and several test images, compared with the well-developed error-diffusion method, the proposed method produces little image quality degradation, whereas the drive current increase with respect to the minimum current of the EPD is reduced from 71.8 to 33.0 mA, for a significant reduction of 54.0%.
Convex silica microlens arrays via femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Hua Jian-Guan , Ren Hang , Jia Ao , Tian Zhen-Nan , Wang Lei , Juodkazis Saulius , Chen Qi-Dai , Sun Hong-Bo 
Published: December 2019

We report fabrication of silica convex microlens arrays with controlled shape, size, and curvature by femtosecond laser direct writing. A backside etching in dye solution was utilized for laser machining high-fidelity control of material removal and real-time surface cleaning from ablation debris. Thermal annealing was applied to reduce surface roughness to 3 nm (rms). The good optical performance of the arrays was confirmed by focusing and imaging tests. Complex 3D micro-optical elements over a footprint of

100
×
100

µ

m

2

were ablated within 1 h (required for practical applications). A material removal speed of

120

µ

m

3

/

s

(

6
×

10
5

n
m

3

/

p
u
l
s
e

) was used, which is more than an order of magnitude higher compared to backside etching using a mask projection method. The method is applicable for fabrication of micro-optical components on transparent hard materials.
GaN microdisk with direct coupled waveguide for unidirectional whispering-gallery mode emission
Authors: To Chap Hang , Fu Wai Yuen , Li Kwai Hei , Cheung Yuk Fai , Choi Hoi Wai 
Published: December 2019

Microdisks are excellent whispering-gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators, but their emissions are invariably in-plane isotropic due to their circularities and thus difficult to be extracted efficiently. In this work, a waveguide with a width of 0.16 µm directly coupled to a microdisk with a diameter of 10 µm is fabricated on a 0.77 µm thick GaN thin film containing InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells. This eliminates the need for precision patterning required by evanescent coupling schemes in which coupling gaps of the order of tens of nanometers must be maintained. The fabrication was carried out using nanosphere and nanowire lithography. Non-evanescent coupling of WGMs to the waveguide from the microdisk is successfully demonstrated.
Projector distortion correction in 3D shape measurement using a structured-light system by deep neural networks
Authors: Lv Shenzhen , Sun Qiang , Zhang Yuyuan , Jiang Yang , Yang Jianbai , Liu Jianzhuo , Wang Jian 
Published: December 2019

In a structured-light system, lens distortion of the camera and projector is the main source of 3D measurement error. In this Letter, a new approach, to the best of our knowledge, of using deep neural networks to address this problem is proposed. The neural network consists of one input layer, five densely connected hidden layers, and one output layer. A ceramic plate with flatness less than 0.005 mm is used to acquire the training, validation, and test data sets for the network. It is shown that the measurement accuracy can be enhanced to 0.0165 mm in the RMS value by this technique, which is an improvement of 93.52%. It is also verified that the constructed neural network is with satisfactory repeatability.
Carbon nanotube Q-switched Yb:KLuW surface channel waveguide lasers
Authors: Bae Ji Eun , Park Tae Gwan , Kifle Esrom , Mateos Xavier , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Romero Carolina , Rodríguez Vázquez de Aldana Javier , Lee Hansuek , Rotermund Fabian 
Published: December 2019

A channel waveguide (WG) buried immediately below the surface of a Yb:KLuW crystal is used as a laser gain medium for passive

Q

-switching by both evanescent- and direct-field interactions with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) near 1040 nm. The SWCNTs used as saturable absorbers (SAs) are deposited on top of the half-ring-type channel WG fabricated via femtosecond direct laser writing. The

Q

-switched WG laser delivers 88.5 ns pulses at a 1.16 MHz repetition rate with a maximum average output power of 680 mW. For the two different interaction schemes with SWCNT-SAs, the pulse characteristics, depending on the output coupling ratio and absorbed pump power, are experimentally investigated and compared to the results of theoretical analyses of the SA

Q

-switched operation.
Ultrabroadband, few-cycle pulses directly from a Mamyshev fiber oscillator
Authors: Ma Chunyang , Khanolkar Ankita , Zang Yimin , Chong Andy 
Published: December 2019

While the performance of mode-locked fiber lasers has been improved significantly, the limited gain bandwidth restricts them from generating ultrashort pulses approaching a few cycles or even shorter. Here we present a novel method to achieve few-cycle pulses (

∼
5

cycles

) with an ultrabroad spectrum (

∼
400

nm

at

−
20

dB

) from a Mamyshev oscillator configuration by inserting a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber and a dispersion delay line into the cavity. A dramatic intracavity spectral broadening can be stabilized by the unique nonlinear processes of a self-similar evolution as a nonlinear attractor in the gain fiber and a “perfect” saturable absorber action of the Mamyshev oscillator. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse width and broadest spectrum directly generated from a fiber laser.
Vývoj přírodovědného vzdělávání v České republice od roku 1989
Authors: Janoušková Svatava , Teplý Pavel , Čtrnáctová Hana 
Published: December 2019

V posledních 30 letech prochází český vzdělávací systém řadou změn. Po delší době stagnace vzdělávacích přístupů, realizace jednotného školství a centralizace vzdělávání, založené na tzv. učebních osnovách, došlo v 90. letech k výrazné transformaci vzdělávací soustavy. Za jednu z nejvýznamnějších změn této transformace lze považovat vznik nových škol a postupné zvyšování autonomie škol díky uvolnění učebních osnov. V průběhu posledních 30 let lze také v českém prostředí pozorovat významnou proměnu paradigmatu přírodovědného vzdělávání, která je do značné míry dána otevřeností vzdělávacího systému k novým, globálním trendům ve vzdělávání.
Cílem článku je zmapování vývoje paradigmatu přírodovědného vzdělávání v posledních 30 letech. Předmětem tematické kvalitativní analýzy budou relevantní strategické a koncepční dokumenty MŠMT (např. dlouhodobé záměry vzdělávání a rozvoje vzdělávací soustavy, vládní strategie v oblasti vzdělávání, i dílčí strategie související s přírodovědným vzděláváním) a další dokumenty tvořené organizacemi jakými jsou např. Výzkumný ústav pedagogický v Praze (nyní Národní ústav pro vzdělávání), či Česká školní inspekce. Na základě těchto dokumentů chceme demonstrovat širší kontext přírodovědného vzdělávání. V druhé části článku se na základě analýzy cílového zaměření kurikul v oblasti přírodovědného vzdělávání od roku 1989 chceme zaměřit na proměnu cílů v oblasti přírodovědného vzdělávání, soustředit se chceme také na promítání alternativních metod a postupů výuky do kurikul přírodních věd. Výběr vhodných dokumentů pro analýzu a jejich objektivní interpretace jsou do značné míry zaručeny týmem autorů, kteří se na řadě reformních kroků přímo nebo poradenstvím podíleli a mohou tak analýzu obohatit expertním pohledem na danou problematiku.
A somatic PIK3CA p.H1047L mutation in a Thai patient with isolated macrodactyly: a case report
Authors: Udomchaiprasertkul Wandee , Kitidumrongsook Pravit , Suphapeetiporn Kanya , Shotelersuk Vorasuk 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Macrodactyly is a rare congenital deformity characterized by gigantism of all structures of the digits. Previous reports showed that the mosaic PIK3CA variants were associated with overgrowth syndromes including macrodactyly.

Objectives
To determine the genetic alteration in a Thai patient with enlarged soft tissue of the left middle and left fourth fingers with abnormal enlarged phalanges.

Method
A nerve and a skin piece were separated from a therapeutically surgically removed part of the enlarged digit. Skin fibroblasts were cultured from the removed skin piece. DNA was isolated from the nerve tissue, cultured skin fibroblasts, and peripheral blood leukocytes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing of PIK3CA was performed.

Results
Mutation analysis revealed the c.3140A>T (p.(H1047L)) variant of PIK3CA in the nerve tissue and the cultured dermal fibroblasts but not in leukocytes from the peripheral blood.

Conclusion
The somatic c.3140A>T (p.(H1047L)) variant of PIK3CA was found in a Thai patient with isolated macrodactyly, the same as those previously identified in other populations.
Endoscopic finding and treatment outcome of children with Helicobacter pylori infection in lower northern Thailand
Authors: Niyasom Chayakamon , Ngoenmak Thitima , Uthaisangsook Suwannee 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the predisposing factors for gastritis, peptic ulcer, and duodenal ulcer. Definite diagnosis of H. pylori infection is important in planning effective medical management. However, confirming the diagnosis through bacterial culture takes a number of days, and thus delays treatment.

Objectives
To examine endoscopic findings in children associated with chronic abdominal pain and H. pylori infection to aid in early diagnosis. We also evaluated treatment outcome of H. pylori infection.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years of age with chronic abdominal pain who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) between 2011 and 2017. According to 2016 Joint ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN Guidelines, H. pylori infection was defined by positive tests for both histopathology test and rapid urease test (RUT). The EGD finding, RUT, histopathologic finding, and treatment outcome were recorded.

Results
Forty-eight children presented with chronic abdominal pain (male 47.9%, female 52.1%, mean age was 8.44 ± 2.97 years). Twelve children out of 48 had H. pylori infection (12/48, 25%). Eight among the 12 children had antral nodularity (8/12), wherein there was no antral nodularity in children without H. pylori infection (0/36). This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of antral nodularity finding for H. pylori infection were 66.7% and 100%, respectively. Eradication of H. pylori infection with standard regimen improved the abdominal pain within 4 weeks.

Conclusion
The occurrence of antral nodularity in endoscopic finding was significantly associated with H. pylori infection. In addition, antral nodularity finding showed a good sensitivity and high specificity for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
Localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of stainless steels in halides other than chlorides solutions: a review
Authors: Kappes Mariano A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fluorides, bromides, and iodides, despite being less common than chlorides, are present in various environments of industrial relevance. Stainless steels suffer pitting corrosion in solutions of all halides except fluorides, which can be understood considering that fluoride is the anion of a weak acid. The aggressiveness of the rest of the halides for pitting corrosion is on the order Cl− > Br− > I− for stainless steels with Mo content below 3 wt.%. Mo is not as effective in inhibiting Br− pitting corrosion as it is for inhibiting Cl− pitting corrosion. Most of those observations were rationalized based on the effect of anions on pit growth kinetics. Sensitized austenitic stainless steel suffers stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in solutions of all halides, albeit chlorides seem to be the most aggressive. Fluoride SCC is relevant for SCC under insulation of stainless steels, and standards and regulations developed to mitigate this problem consider this ion as aggressive as chloride. For the solubilized stainless steels, aggressiveness toward SCC is in the order Cl− > Br−. The SCC of solubilized stainless steels was not observed in solutions of F− and I−, and the possible reasons for this fact are discussed.
Auf dem Weg zum Babelfisch? Fremdsprachenlernen im Zeitalter von Big Data
Authors: Rösler Dietmar 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von der Beschreibung aktueller Nutzungen digitaler Lernangebote und Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten in den sozialen Medien beim Fremdsprachenlernen außerhalb von Bildungsinstitutionen, diskutiert der Beitrag sechs Bereiche, in denen die Fremdsprachenforschung auf die Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung reagieren muss: die Integration vorhandener Sprachassistenzsysteme in das Lernen und Lehren von Fremdsprachen, die Chancen und Risiken, die sich durch Big Data für das Fremdsprachenlernen ergeben, die Veränderungen der Rolle von Lehrkräften bis hin zur Frage, inwieweit kooperative Lerneraktivitäten diese ersetzen können, die positiven und negativen Effekte der wachsenden Individualisierung des Lernens, das Potenzial der digitalen Medien für eine Steigerung von Lebensweltbezug und Inhaltsorientierung des Fremdsprachenlernens und zuletzt die Frage, welche Auswirkungen die Digitalisierung auf die gesellschaftliche Organisation des Fremdsprachenlernens hat.
The isomorphism problem for group algebras: A criterion
Authors: Sakurai Taro 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Let R be a finite unital commutative ring.
We introduce a new class of finite groups, which we call hereditary groups over R.
Our main result states that if G is a hereditary group over R, then a unital algebra isomorphism between group algebras

R
⁢
G

≅

R
⁢
H

{RG\cong RH}

implies a group isomorphism

G
≅
H

{G\cong H}

for every finite group H.
As application, we study the modular isomorphism problem, which is the isomorphism problem for finite p-groups over

R
=

𝔽
p

{R=\mathbb{F}_{p}}

, where

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

is the field of p elements.
We prove that a finite p-group G is a hereditary group over

𝔽
p

{\mathbb{F}_{p}}

provided G is abelian, G is of class two and exponent p, or G is of class two and exponent four.
These yield new proofs for the theorems by Deskins and Passi–Sehgal.
New approach to practical leakage-resilient public-key cryptography
Authors: Chakraborty Suvradip , Alawatugoda Janaka , Rangan Chandrasekaran Pandu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe present a new approach to construct several leakage-resilient cryptographic primitives, including leakage-resilient public-key encryption (PKE) schemes, authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocols and low-latency key exchange (LLKE) protocols. To this end, we introduce a new primitive called leakage-resilient non-interactive key exchange (LR-NIKE) protocol. We introduce an appropriate security model for LR-NIKE protocols in the bounded memory leakage (BML) settings. We then show a secure construction of the LR-NIKE protocol in the BML setting that achieves an optimal leakage rate, i.e., 1 – o(1). Our construction of LR-NIKE requires a minimal use of a leak-free hardware component. We argue that the use of such a leak-free hardware component seems to be unavoidable in any construction of an LR-NIKE protocol, even in the BML setting. Finally, we show how to construct the aforementioned leakage-resilient primitives from such an LR-NIKE protocol as summarized below. All these primitives also achieve the same (optimal) leakage rate as the underlying LR-NIKE protocol. We show how to construct a leakage-resilient (LR) IND-CCA-2-secure PKE scheme in the BML model generically from a bounded LR-NIKE (BLR-NIKE) protocol. Our construction of LR-IND-CCA-2 secure PKE differs significantly from the state-of-the-art constructions of these primitives, which mainly use hash proof techniques to achieve leakage resilience. Moreover, our transformation preserves the leakage-rate of the underlying BLR-NIKE protocol. We introduce a new leakage model for AKE protocols, in the BML setting, and present a leakage-resilient AKE protocol construction from the LR-NIKE protocol. We introduce the first-ever leakage model for LLKE protocols in the BML setting and the first construction of such a leakage-resilient LLKE from the LR-NIKE protocol.
Crystal structure and anti-inflammatory activity of (3E,5E)-1-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)-5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)piperidin-4-one, C25H18ClF3N2O3S
Authors: Zhou Yan-Qiu , Hou Gui-Ge , Meng Qing-Guo , Hou Yun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C25H18ClF3N2O3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.9087(5) Å, b = 21.7843(10) Å, c = 10.2512(6) Å, β = 94.749(5)°, V = 2205.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0448, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1028, T = 100 K.
Nonreciprocal Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves Using an Electric–Gyrotropic Dispersive Medium
Authors: Yu Guanxia , Fu Jingjing , Zhang Xiaomeng , Cao Ruoyu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A nonreciprocal transmission structure is designed using a one-dimension multilayer medium, which consists of two asymmetric structure filled with the electric–gyrotropic dispersive media. The total transmission coefficients have been deduced using the transfer matrix method. Numerical results further provided evidence for the occurrence of the nonreciprocal surface electromagnetic waves. These states are affected by the thickness of layers, incident angles, and the externally applied magnetic fields. Given that the electric–gyrotropic media are inherently dispersive, our investigations will contribute to the practical application of nonreciprocal structures.