bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transport demand as a function of the state of a transport network
Authors: Sakulyeva T. 
Published: October 2019

For thousands of years in major cities one of the main problems was the possibility of movement. The need for movement is based on the opportunities provided by transport, and encourages society to further develop. The article considers the historical aspects of the study of the mobility of the population and the study of its mobility in terms of digital technology.The application of various methods of mobility research is a common practice in many countries, cities, regions, which provides the collection of important information for the development of transport systems. Financial and organizational constraints affect the quantity and quality of the data collected. Existing techniques need to be constantly adapted to rapidly developing technologies and the rapidly changing nature of population mobility, which is becoming more intermodal. A qualitative model based on an appropriate data set creates a qualitative set of input data for the concept, design, and evaluation results. This in turn will allow for a more reasonable design and evaluation of transport projects.Transport modeling varies from developing relatively simple models in the form of tables to models of transport networks, which consider transport demand as a function of the state of the transport network. For each stage of modeling, there is a need to include feedback in the modeling process. They reveal the interrelation of the various steps of the modeling process and the need to use iterative methods of calculation. The functionality of the model is determined by the presence of feedbacks, which increase the ability of the model to predict actual results. Before carrying out any actions on transport modeling, it is necessary fully understand the requirements for the function of this model. This will ensure, that the model is a result, which is important for the project and provides it with a qualitative assessment.
Peculiarities of construction of local self-government models in the modern slavic states
Authors: Djordjević A. , Seregin A. , Cherkasova M. , Milkina I. 
Published: October 2019

The peculiarities of construction of local self-government models in the modern Slavic States, which in the 90-s of XX century abandoned the socialist path of development, – have been examined. The aim of the study is to identify specific features and common approaches to the construction of local self-government system, based on the analysis of the practice of local self-government institutions of the Slavic States and the provisions of the Constitutions of the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Ukraine, the Republic of Croatia, the Russian Federation, etc.The organizational forms of local self-government and the particularities of the implementation of local issues, taking into account national traditions, – have been analyzed. In this connection, the majority of modern Slavic States recognizes and guarantees local self-government as the most important constitutional value and institution of the people’s right. It has been determined, that the list of issues of local importance mainly affects the areas of urban planning, municipal activities, culture, sports, social protection of the population and children, preschool education, healthcare, approval of municipal programs of economic development, local budgets, taxes and fees, the appointment of local referendums, etc. However, there there is a number of countries, in which local government issues are not specified in the Constitution. Among the criteria for the difference between the models of local self-government are the following: the list of issues of local importance and competence of local self-government bodies; relations with public authorities and the degree of freedom of local self-government from the state; territorial organization of local self-government, etc.It has been concluded, that the most common form of interaction between public authorities and local self-government for the Slavic states at the beginning of the XXI century, was the Zemstvo-state model, that takes into account the mutual interests of a sovereign power and the population, living within certain territorial communities.
Predicting Retrosynthetic Pathways Using a Combined Linguistic Model and Hyper-Graph Exploration Strategy
Authors: Schwaller Philippe , Petraglia Riccardo , Zullo Valerio , Nair Vishnu H , Haeuselmann Rico Andreas , Pisoni Riccardo , Bekas Costas , Iuliano Anna , Laino Teodoro 
Published: October 2019

We present an extension of our Molecular Transformer architecture combined with a hyper-graph exploration strategy for automatic retrosyn- thesis route planning without human intervention. The single-step ret- rosynthetic model sets a new state of the art for predicting reactants as well as reagents, solvents and catalysts for each retrosynthetic step. We introduce new metrics (coverage, class diversity, round-trip accuracy and Jensen-Shannon divergence) to evaluate the single-step retrosynthetic models, using the forward prediction and a reaction classification model always based on the transformer architecture. The hypergraph is con- structed on the fly, and the nodes are filtered and further expanded based on a Bayesian-like probability. We critically assessed the end-to-end framework with several retrosynthesis examples from literature and aca- demic exams. Overall, the frameworks has a very good performance with few weaknesses due to the bias induced during the training process. The use of the newly introduced metrics opens up the possibility to optimize entire retrosynthetic frameworks through focusing on the performance of the single-step model only.Available on IBM RXN for Chemistry: https://rxn.res.ibm.com.
Quality of life assessment in behçet’s disease: an observational case control single center study
Authors: Faiq I. Gorial  , Mais Ajeel Jabbar  
Published: October 2019

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent exacerbations. Limited studies have shown it has a negative impact on patients quality of life(QoL). This study aimed to evaluate Quality of Life in Patients with Behçet’s disease compared with healthy controls. A case-control study involved 71 patients with BD compared with 71 healthy controls matched in age and sex. Health-related quality-of-life was evaluated using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). All the components of Short Form-36 (SF-36), it's summary scores, and Total Short Form-36 (Total SF-36) score was significantly lower (p-value <0.001 ) in patients compared to controls. Each organ involvement studied may affect independently specific SF-36 subscores. Central nervous system involvement in BD had a strong impact since it affects most of the SF-36 subscores. In conclusion: Health-related Quality of life was significantly impaired in Iraqi patients with Behçet’s disease compared to healthy controls. Each organ involvement studied may affect independently specific SF-36 subscores.
A cross sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practice towards tuberculosis among health care workers
Authors: Ajith Kumar G  , Saranya P  
Published: October 2019

Health care providers play a major role in the management of tuberculosis (TB). The knowledge, attitude and practice towards TB in health care providers will have an impact on the treatment success or failure. Studies have reported that inadequate knowledge of the health care providers led to the delivery of improper counselling content to the recipients. We assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards tuberculosis among health care workers in and around Chennai. A cross sectional study was conducted among 382 health care workers of the chest and tuberculosis department of government hospitals and directly observed treatment short-course clinics. The principal investigator administered a structured and validated questionnaire to the study participants. Around 500 healthcare workers were approached, and 382 showed interest to sign the informed consent. A majority (70%) of the study participants were between the age group 20-30 years. There was a highly significant difference (P = 0.006) in response to this between participants who had a history of active tuberculosis and undergone treatment for the same, and the participants with no history of TB. There was a significant difference between the study population based on their qualification and profession (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007 respectively) in using the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program guideline for reference. The knowledge attitude and practice towards TB was good in more than 80% of the respondents, yet there is room to improve. Structured periodic training towards TB will further improve the KAP of health care workers.
Restorasi Onlay Porcelain Fusi Metal Pada Gigi 26 Pasca Perawatan Endodontic
Authors: Catur S Suryani , Novita N Dewi , Farijz Yan 
Published: October 2019

<p>Perawatan endodontik dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya kekerasan gigi sebesar 5% dan kelenturan sebesar 60%. Kita bisa mengatasai masalah ini dengan melakukan restorasi crown atau onlay. Onlay <em>Porcelain Fused To Metal</em><em> </em>(PFM) ini dapat mempertahankan sebagian besar jaringan gigi yang berhubungan dengan gingival, dan hal ini merupakan suatu pertimbangan periodontal yang sangat membantu. Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan keberhasilan pembuatan onlay PFM pada gigi 26 pasca perawatan endodontik. Metode atau tata laksanan kasus terdiri dari penanganan klinik dan laboratorium. Tata laksana laboratorium dilakukan dua tahapan; yakni tahap pembuatan coping metal dan tahap pembentukan lapisan porselen. Coping metal dibuat dengan teknik waxing lapis demi lapis dengan membentuk full metal. Setelah coping terbentuk, pengurangan metal pada bagian bucal, mesio bukal cusp dan distobukal cusp dilakukan hingga mencapai ketebalan 3 mm. Kemudian, bagian tersebut dilapisi dengan bahan porselen. Tahap pelapisan porselen dimulai dari pengulasan opaque, dentin, enamel, dan glazing dengan warna yang sesuai. Hasil dari pembuatan onlay ini; fitting margin cukup baik, warna sesuai dengan yang diintruksikan dokter, perlu dilakukan penyesuaian oklusi karena terdapat prematur kontak dibagian mesio dan disto bukal cusp.</p>
Effect of Using Recycled Coarse Aggregate to the Bond Stress in Term of Beam Splice Specimens
Authors: Mohammed Abbas Sadiq , Abbas Ali Laftah 
Published: October 2019

In fact, demolition west disposal represents a serious problem in the civil engineering work since such materials are accumulated in large quantities. In this way, using these materials in new construction is considered a good sustainable and cost effective solution. The basic objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of lap splice when recycled coarse aggregate is used in structural members by experimental program. This program comprises casting 12 beam splice specimens. Two mix designs are proposed with nominal compressive strength of 20 and 30 MPa, more precisely, the degrees of coarse recycled aggregate partial replacement ratio that taken throughout this study are 0, 50 and 100% respectively using a crushed concrete casted with the same original mixes defined. Since a considerable lack of information was observed about the role of recycled coarse aggregate when the bond stress is taken into account, the beam splice specimens during this study were devoted to investigate lap splice bond strength in both singly and doubly beams to discover the desired behavior in tension and compression. The results showed that the degree of recycled coarse aggregate decreases the consequent bond stress in term of beam splice specimens for singly and doubly beams. The brittle failure behavior is evident in the entire beam specimens that conducted throughout this study.
İŞ İLANLARINDA CİNSİYET AYRIMCILIĞI: TÜRKİYE’DE İNŞAAT MÜHENDİSLİĞİ İLANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ERSOY YILMAZ Sevdiye , ÇETİNEL Emine 
Published: October 2019

﻿Kadınlar günümüz çalışma yaşamının önemli bir parçasıdır. Buna rağmen
yapılan araştırmalar çalışma yaşamında cinsiyet ayrımcılığının sıklıkla
karşılaşılan bir sorun olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak elde edilen bu bulgular
işletme içinde yaşanan cinsiyet ayrımcılığına odaklanmaktadır. Bir diğer
ifadeyle işe girmeden önce işe alma ve yerleştirme aşamasında var olabilecek
cinsiyet ayrımcılığı uygulamaları literatürde görece ihmal edilmiş bir konudur.
Buradan hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye bağlamında ve inşaat
mühendisliği ilanları çerçevesinde işe alım sürecinin ilk aşamasını oluşturan
iş ilanlarında cinsiyet ayrımcılığı yapılıp yapılmadığını ortaya koymaktır.
Çalışma kapsamında 01-31 Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında www.kariyer.net sitesinde yayınlanan
112 inşaat mühendisliği ilanı içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak
incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler iş ilanlarının neredeyse tamamına yakının
eril/dişil ifadeler içerdiğini göstermiştir. Buna göre incelenen iş ilanlarının
genel olarak erkek adaylara avantaj sağlayacak şekilde eril nitelikler
gözetilerek şekillendirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda incelenen iş ilanlarında
doğrudan ve dolaylı cinsiyet ayrımcılığı yapıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SİVİL TOPLUM KURULUŞLARINDA LİDERLİK
Authors: KILINÇ Erhan 
Published: October 2019

﻿Günümüzde
“hangi ortamda olursa olsun, bazı liderlik tarzları her zaman iyidir ve
etkilidir” görüşü yerine “farklı örgüt türlerinde ve farklı koşullarda yönetim
ve liderlik tarzının değişebileceği görüşü” daha çok kabul görmektedir. Çünkü
günümüzde örgütlerin, çalışanların ve yöneticilerin/liderlerin olanakları ve
çevreleri oldukça değişmiştir. Bu nedenle, bir liderin başarı şansı, liderlik
ilkelerinin tamamını uygulamasından çok, değişen çevre koşullarına dengeli bir
şekilde uyum sağlayabilmesi ile mümkün olduğu görülmektedir.

Son
yıllarda özel ve kamu sektörün bir paydaşı görülen ve üçüncü sektör olarak
adlandırılan “sivil toplum kuruluşları” (STK), ulusal ve küresel alanda birçok
sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik faaliyetler yürütmekte ve sorumluluklar
üstlenmektedir. STK’ların sayıları, sermaye miktarları ve önemleri günden güne artmakta
ve etki alanları genişlemektedir. Bu durum onların daha iyi nasıl
yönetilecekleri ve bu örgüt yapısına hangi yöneticilik ve liderlik modelinin
daha uygun olacağı konularını gündeme getirmiştir. Diğer birçok örgütte olduğu
gibi STK’larda da tartışılan temel konulardan birisi, “STK’ların en iyi nasıl
yönetileceği” sorusuna aranan cevaptır. Diğer örgüt türlerine göre çeşitli
kısıtları ve farklılıkları olan bu örgütlerin daha etkin ve verimli
yönetilmeleri için yeni yönetim anlayışına ve uygulamalarına ihtiyaç vardır. Bu
açıdan STK’ların yönetimi ve onlarda uygulanabilecek liderlik modellerinin
araştırılması önem arz etmektedir.

İyi
yönetim ancak iyi bir liderle mümkün olabilmektedir. Hızlı değişimlerin ve
gelişmelerin yaşandığı ve toplumun bilinç düzeyinin ve beklentilerinin arttığı
günümüz dünyasında, işletmelerin bu düzene ayak uydurabilmeleri vizyoner,
dönüşümcü, insan odaklı ve etkileşimci bir liderlik anlayışı ile mümkündür. Bu
çalışmada, 21. yüzyılda STK’larda meydana gelen değişme ve gelişmeler ışığında
STK’ların etkili yönetebilmesi için ihtiyaç duyulan liderlik türü ve
özellikleri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
ENGELLİLER, DİN VE SOSYAL DIŞLANMA
Authors: BUCUKA Yunus 
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmada, engellilerin nasıl bir dini sosyalleşme sürecinden geçtiklerini ve bu sosyalleşme sürecinde yaşadıkları sorunları, sosyal dışlanmaya maruz kaldıkları alanları ve bu dışlanmanın boyutlarını, kendilerinin yaşantı ve deneyimleri çerçevesinde belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen bilimsel bilgiler ile engellilere yönelik toplumsal duyarlılık ve bilinç düzeyinin arttırılmasına, onların toplumla bütünleşmelerini sağlayabilecek sosyal politikaların üretilmesine katkı sağlamak da hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma, betimsel bir nitel araştırmadır ve nitel araştırma modellerinden fenomenolojik (olgubilim) model üstüne kurulmuştur. Çalışma alanını Bingöl İli Belediye sınırları içinde yaşayan ortopedik, görme ve işitme engelliler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada amaçsal örneklem tekniği ile belirlenmiş otuz engelli birey ile yarı yapılandırılmış form yardımıyla, derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, engellilerin birçok alanda sosyal dışlanma yaşadıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Dışlanma yaşadıkları alanların başında toplumsal hayata dâhil olma, eğitim, sosyal ve kültürel faaliyetler, erişilebilirlik gibi alanlar bulunmaktadır. Bunlarla beraber dini toplumsal faaliyetlerde ve dini hizmet alanlarında da sosyal dışlanma yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir.
PENGARUH THIN CAPITALIZATION TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK PERUSAHAAN INDEX SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Andawiyah Ayu , Subeki Ahmad , Hakiki Arista 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of thin capitalization with to cash effective tax rates as the proxy for tax avoidance. Control Variable used in this research is key management compensation, firms size, and profitability.The method used in this research is an analytical descriptive. The sample used in this research consist of 20 companies from manufacturing sector listed in Indonesian Stock Shariah Index (ISSI) in 2011– 2016. Sample selection methods used in this research is purposive sampling. The analysis methods used in this research is multiple regression analysis.The results show that the thin capitalization has a significant influence on cash effective tax rates as the proxy for tax avoidance. Key management compensation as control variable has not been able to prove the effect on tax avoidance and firms size profitability have a significant effect on cash effective tax rates as the proxy for tax avoidance.
البناء الأسلوبي في شعر علي بن محمد الحماني العلوي الكوفي (ت260 ( التشكيل البديعي )
Authors: عباس وسن صادق 
Published: October 2019

من المؤكد أن تأثير الثقافة الإسلامية وافق حضورها الفاعل في قصائد الشعراء الإسلاميين الذي يعد من أهم المؤثرات على شعرهم ، فقد حاول هؤلاء الشعراء الانفتاح على الرموز والمؤثرات الثقافية الإسلامية ، مستمدين لغتهم الشعرية من دفق تلك الثقافة ومعانيها السامية .
وأساس ذلك يعود إلى البعد الروحي والحيوي المتجسد من خلال تأثيرات الدين الإسلامي في شخصية الشعراء الإسلاميين عامة ، وشخصية الشاعر خاصة ، فالشاعر الحماني بحكم تربيته الإسلامية وبيئته الملتزمة دينياً ، وطبيعة المجتمع الكوفي المحافظ أضحى مغروساً في تربة دينية أنتجت دلالة واضحة لحضور عقائدي متجذر ألزمت الشاعر تفعيلها في جسد عمله الأدبي لينساب تأثيرها شعورياً عبر نصه الشعري .
Repetition and Self -Interpretation: Analytical Study for a Selection of Beckett's Early Novels and Dramas
Authors: Al-Khafaji Mayada Zuhair 
Published: October 2019

قدم بيكيت باعتباره كاتب تعبيري في اعماله الادبية الأولى الروائية منها والمسرحية صور انسانسية متكررة تعبر عن الجمود والعجز واللبس بين الحياة والموت . تحمل شخصياته اسماءا مختلفة مثل واط، ميرفي، مالون ومولوي وان كانت كلها تمثل شخص الكاتب حتى وان كانت مجهولة بلا اسم. تعيش هذه الشخصيات نفس المعضلة، تواجه الموت نفسه وتسعى للحصول على نفس الغاية. تعاني كل من هذه الشخصيات من عجز جسدي وبعجزها هذا فهي تجسد عجز الكاتب نفسه وعجز الجيل المعاصر باكمله في فهم العالم من حولهم . من خلال هذه الشخصيات، يحاول الكاتب محاكاة الصراع الذاتي و تحديد هوية الانسان الجديد الذي افرزته الحروب بأعتباره احد ضحاياها. فهو يصور في اعماله الجسد على انه سجن للروح، والحياة قبر للطموحات والموت حرية رغم انه قدر وليس اختيار . يريد بذلك مجازا ان يشبه الموت بالثورة على الذات المستكينة وتحريرها من الآم الماضي ودعوة للبحث عن هوية جديدة لخلق انسان جديد ؛ وهذه هي رسالته الأخلاقية ليس للشعب الانكليزي أو الفرنسي فحسب بل للبشرية جمعاء ان تنوع تكرار المواضيع والصور والشخصيات والكلمات وتناقضها يظهر جليا في كتابات بيكيت ليس كفكرة أو تقنية مجردة بل كفلسفة ونظرية . تركز هذه الدراسة على مجموعة مختارة من رواياته التي كتبها في بداية مسيرته الادبية مع الإشارة إلى بعض اعماله الدرامية والهدف من ذلك هو توضيح الطريقة التي استخدم بها الكاتب التكرار المتشابه والمتضاد موضوعاً وتكنيكاً وفلسفًة في تفسير النفس البشرية وتداعياتها في مواجهة اشد الظروف صعوبة على الانسان التي املتها عليه الحروب بكل اشكالها.
بنية الخطاب في لغة الزي الآشوري
Authors: حساني جهينة حامد 
Published: October 2019

تحمل النصوص الاشورية ]الأزياء[ في داخلها نشاطات فكرية كبيرة ]سمات اجتماعية[ انعكست على وفق معالجاتها الشكلية المخصصة بمواضيع ثقافية تتعدى مرحلة التحليل الذهني الخاص إلى مرحلة البناء الإنساني العام. إِنّ بحثاً كهذا ]بنية الخطاب في لغة الزي الآشوري[ يهدف إلى اتساع دائرة التأريخ والحث على رؤيته من جديد، فالعمليه ليست بالرصف المتلاحق لتاريخ الأزياء أو بتفكيك مفرداتها, بل هي عملية مواكبة تحولية تستثمر تلك العقود الثابتة وتنطلق بها إلى الترتيب والتنظيم المعرفي المميز على وفق المنهج البنيوي تحت ثلاثة محاور:-

لغة الزي الآشوري.
فرضيات في بنية الزي الاشوري.
أنماط الخطاب.

وهنا نود الإشارة إلى أننا قمنا بدراسة زي الملك وملحقاته الخارجية من حلي وأدوات؛ لأسباب تتعلق بكثرة العينات الملكية في الفترة الآشورية من الحضارة الرافدينية, ومن خلالها يمكن إثبات صحة فرضنا الرافض لتحديد خطاب الزي الآشوري تحت مستويات الطبقة الاجتماعية ليس استناداً لما جاءت به الدراسات السابقة, وانما لتصنيفه على وفق وظائفه المتاحة طبقاً لما جاءت به نتائج هذه الدراسة, فلم يعد هنالك تخصيص محدد؛ لانْ رداء الملك – مثلا- حاكى رداء الجندي في الحروب, ورداء المتعبد في الطقوس الدينية...إلخ. وهي دراسة جديدة لم تطرق سابقاً وقد أخذت مداها المعرفي في التحليل, والقراءة.
تطور الدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية لدى المراهقين من عمر( 13 – 15 ) سنة
Authors: عناد شيماء نصيف 
Published: October 2019

ملخص البحث
استهدف البحث الحالي تعرف الدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية في الأعمار(13،14،15) سنة، فضلاً عن تعرف دلالة الفروق في الدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية تبعاً لمتغيري العمر والجنس لدى أفراد عينة البحث التي بلغت (150) مراهق بواقع (50) مراهق في كل عمر مناصفة بين الجنسين.
وقامت الباحثة بتبني مقياس (عبيس ، 2012) الدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية الذي أعد لطلاب الصف الرابع الاعدادي وقامت الباحثة بتكييفه لطلبة المرحلة المتوسطة . حيث تكون المقياس من (60) فقرة وقد تحققت الباحثة من صدق المقياس عن طريق الصدق الظاهري. وتم التحقق من ثبات المقياس بطريقة إعادة الاختبار.
واستعملت في تحليل البيانات ومعالجتها إحصائياﹰ العديد من الوسائل الإحصائية أهمها: الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة ، وتحليل التباين الثنائي ، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون.
وخلص البحث إلى النتائج الآتية:

توجدالدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية في عمر (14،15،13) سنة.
تعد الدافعية الاكاديمية الذاتية مهمة تطورية (نمائية) في الأعمار (13،14،15) سنة.
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وخرجت الباحثة بمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات .
التسامح الفكري وعلاقته بالتماسك الاجتماعي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: الجبوري مناف فتحي عبد الرزاق 
Published: October 2019

استهدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على مستوى التسامح لدى طلبة جامعة كربلاء , وقياس مستوى التسامح وفقا لمتغير الجنس ( ذكور , اناث ) , وقياس مستوى التماسك الاجتماعي لدى طلبة الجامعة , وقياس مستوى التماسك الاجتماعي وفقا لمتغير الجنس ( ذكور , اناث) , والتعرف على علاقة التسامح بالتماسك الاجتماعي.
وتألفت عينة البحث التطبيقية من (50) طالب وطالبه من كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية المرحلة الثالثة جامعة كربلاء ولكافة اقسامها الإنسانية ( العلوم التربوية والنفسية , اللغة الإنكليزية , اللغة العربية , التاريخ , الجغرافية ) وللدراسات الصباحية فقط .
وتحقيقا لأهداف البحث الحالي أعد الباحث مقياس للتسامح وتم تبني مقياس رجال للتماسك الاجتماعي (2007) وتم التحقق من الصدق الظاهري للمقياسين بتقديمهما الى (6) خبراء , حيث بلغ عدد فقرات مقياس التسامح (18) فقره بعد أن كان (42) فقره , وبلغ عدد فقرات مقياس التماسك الاجتماعي (72) فقره بعد ان كان (97) فقره , وكذلك تم استخراج الثبات للمقياسين فكان لمقياس التسامح ثبات مقداره (0,64) بطريقة اعادة الاختبار , كما كان لمقياس التماسك الاجتماعي ثبات مقداره (0,72) بطريقة اعادة الاختبار ايضا .
وقد تمت معالجة البيانات احصائيا وباستخدام (مربع كاي , الاختبار التائي لعينه واحده ولعينتين مستقلتين , ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون ) .
واشارت نتائج البحث الى أن طلبة الجامعة لا يتمتعون بالتسامح , ولا يوجد فروق ذات دلاله إحصائية بين الذكور والاناث في التسامح , وطلبة الجامعة يتمتعون بالتماسك الاجتماعي , ولا توجد فروق في التماسك بين الذكور والاناث , ولا توجد علاقه داله احصائيا بين التسامح والتماسك الاجتماعي