bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Komande temanummer av Sociologisk Forskning
Authors: Forskning Sociologisk 
Published: July 2020

Det behövs sociologiska perspektiv för att belysa de många samhälleliga utmaningar som pandemin covid-19 har inneburit, såväl direkt som indirekt. Vi efterlyser därför aktuella och empiriskt grundade forskningsartiklar som utifrån sociologiska perspektiv kan öka vår förståelse av coronakrisen och pandemin covid-19.
Relevanta frågor att belysa är till exempel expertkunskaper och relationen mellan vetenskap och politik, betydelsen av social ojämlikhet under pandemin samt dess sociala konsekvenser, samhällets organisering och styrning under kristider, de nya utmaningar som krishanteringsåtgärder skapar, hur människor agerar under kriser och hanterar ensamhet, isolering och permitteringar. Artiklarna kan handla om svenska förhållanden men även använda jämförande och internationella perspektiv för att förstå det som händer i Sverige i förhållande till andra länder.
En världsomspännande hälsokris gör att vi alla behöver experter mer än någonsin, för att veta hur vi kan skydda oss mot viruset och för att ta fram vaccin eller andra effektiva behandlingar. Under pandemin covid-19 har vi sett att det finns en stor tilltro till vetenskap och teknik samtidigt som expertisen ständigt ifrågasätts. Expertkunskaper handlar aldrig enbart om faktaförhållanden utan även om hur problemen uppfattas och vem som har ansvar för att lösa dem. Sociologiska perspektiv på huruvida vetenskap uppfattas som är viktiga under kriser när experter dominerar debatten.
Minst lika viktiga sociologiska teman är mellanmänskliga relationer, emotioner och människors drivkrafter. Vad är det som gör att vi agerar som vi gör i en kris? Vilken beredskap har människor och organisationer för att agera i en kris?
Vi efterlyser också bidrag som uppmärksammar perspektiv som tenderat att falla bort i rapporteringen, till exempel frågor om ojämlikhet, konflikter, makt och ideologi. Det finns ett stort behov av empirisk forskning som undersöker hur coronakrisen och pandemin covid-19 har drabbat olika grupper och huruvida socioekonomiska skillnader, åldersskillnader och intressekonflikter har synliggjorts eller osynliggjorts under coronakrisen.
Bidrag kan skrivas på svenska, engelska, danska och norska. Artiklar kan vara mellan 4 000 och 10 000 ord långa. I övrigt se tidskriftens riktlinjer på www.sociologiskforskning.se. Alla artiklar genomgår anonymiserad kollegial granskning (double blind peer review). Vid frågor, kontakta gärna någon av gästredaktörerna för temanumret.
Deadline för manus är 15 oktober 2020
Gästredaktörer:Shai Mulinari, Lunds universitet: shai.mulinari@soc.lu.seLinda Soneryd, Göteborgs universitet: linda.soneryd@gu.seSusanna Öhman, Mittuniversitetet: susanna.ohman@miun.se
The Initiation of a Solar Streamer Blowout Coronal Mass Ejection Arising from the Streamer Flank
Authors: Zheng Ruisheng , Chen Yao , Wang Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Streamer blowout (SBO) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a particular class of CMEs that are characterized by a gradual swelling of the overlying streamer and a slow CME containing a flux-rope structure. SBO CMEs arising from the streamer flank fall into a special category of SBO CMEs involving three lower arches under the higher streamer arcade. However, the initiation mechanism for this special category of SBO CMEs remains elusive, due to the observational limitations. Here we report critical observations of a SBO CME associated with the eruption of a polar crown filament that originated from the streamer flank. The filament slowly rose toward the solar equator with the writhing motion, and underwent a sudden acceleration before its eruption. Interestingly, during the rising, the filament fields experienced gradual external reconnections, which is evidenced by the dip-shaped bottom of the enveloping flux-rope structure changing from a smooth concave, the slow inflows (∼1.8 km s−1) from both the filament fields and the coronal loops beneath, and the persistent brightenings around the interface between the filament fields and the coronal loops beneath. The newly formed lower loops at the filament source and the Y-shaped structure in the stretched tail fields indicate the internal reconnections for the filament eruption. The clear signatures of external and internal reconnections shed light on the initiation mechanisms of SBO CMEs.
The Evolutionary Status of 17 Com, The Hottest Member of Coma Berenices
Authors: Monier Richard , Deal Morgan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The integrated flux, linear radius and effective temperature of 17 Com A (A0p CrEu), the hottest member of the Coma Berenices open cluster, are determined using the Infrared Flux Method. The surface gravity is derived by fitting the H
β
profile. The effective temperature and surface gravity are found to be smaller than most previous determinations. The evolutionary status of 17 Com A is discussed in light of these new parameters using stellar evolution modeling. 17 Com A appears to be finishing its lifetime on the Main Sequence.
<I>Vulvovaginal candidasis</I> among female patients attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital and Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital Kaduna
Authors: Aliyu M.Y. , Obajemu O. , Aliyu A.M. , Gabriel R. 
Published: July 2020

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a major cause of lower genital infections in women, especially in developing countries and cause significant morbidity and financial burden on the already weak economy. The objective was to isolate and identify Candida spp responsible for Vulvovaginitis. Two hundred (200) vaginal swabs were collected from female patients 15years and above, attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital (YDMH) and Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital (BDSH) all within Kaduna metropolis. The samples were analysed for the presence of Candida spp using standard procedures of microscopy, culture and biochemical identification. The overall incidence of VVC was 79.5% (159/200), with higher incidence among patients attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital 84.8% (117/138), than Barau Dikko Memorial Hospital 67.7% (42/62). Four (4) yeast species were isolated and identified which include Candida krusie, Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata. C. krusie had the highest percentage occurrence of 42.5% (39/159), while C. parapsilosis had the least percentage occurrence of 11.3% (18/159). Higher incidence was recorded among age group 40 and above 92.8% (13/14) and lowest among age group 31-40 76.5% (39/51). Highest incidence was also recorded among widow 100% (18/18) and lowest among married 76.8% (109/142). The high percentage of positive samples is an indication that there is a high incidence of candidiasis among the study population. There is need for regular screening of women for VVC and other sexually transmitted infections.
Key words: Incidence, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, Isolation, Kaduna.
Composting of tannery waste with cow manure and rice bran
Authors: Lambu Z.N. , Shamsuddeen U. , Yahaya S. , Kawo A.H. , Shehu A.A. , Aliyu A.S. , Mahmud T. , Yasir A.M. 
Published: July 2020

The tannery waste contain utilizable nutrients and toxic organic compound which might affect soil processes and plants growth, and pathogens which might pose a threat to the local environmental communities. The study was designed to investigate the development of tannery waste collected from Unique leather finishing company Sharada, Kano, Nigeria, to compost Cow manure and Rice bran. Tannery waste was composted with cow manure and rice brand for sixty (60) days to reduce pathogens and toxic organic compounds. The compost was characterized by electric conductivity (EC) of 10.11µs/cm, pH of 7.62 and Carbon-Nitrogen (C: N) ratio of 28.8. The total concentration of Chromium, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc and Iron as mg/kg were 57.2, 0.92, 12.50, 60.50, 13.60 and 1101.00 respectively. No Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. were detected in the compost, however, total bacterial counts decrease from 8.2 x108 cfu/g to 1.8 x106 cfu/g, the compost characteristics indicated that it was mature, and the germination index of the beans seed was 80% which may suggest the removal of most of the phototoxic compound.
Key words; Composting, Heavy metals, Organic matter changes, Pathogens, Tannery wastes,
Optimization of Levulinic acid production from groundnut shell using Taguchi orthogonal array design
Authors: Halliru A. , Hassan L.G. , Muhammad A.S. 
Published: July 2020

The exploitation of lignocellulosic biomass is receiving an increasing attention due to its renewability, abundance and low price value, and can be converted into various valuable platform compounds such as furfural, lactic acid, formic acid and levulinic acid. Among these products, levulinic acid (LA) is the main compound of biomass hydrolysis, which has been classified by the United States Department of Energy as one of the top-12 promising building blocks. This work reported the transformation of groundnut shell into LA. The production of LA was carried out in a 50 cm3 Teflon lined stainless steel reactor. The LA produced was extracted from the aqueous mixture using ethyl acetate, about 1g of sodium sulphate anhydrous were added to remove the water in the organic layer after the aqueous layer was drained and then heated at a temperature of about 78 oC for the solvent to evaporate and LA was the residue. The production process was optimized using a Taguchi orthogonal array design, with optimum yield of 74.54 % at reaction conditions of temperature (180 °C), time (3.5 h), and acid concentration (0.3 M). The FT-IR spectrum of the produced LA showed absorption at about 1705.13 cm-1 and 3039.91 cm-1 indicating the conjugated carbonyl and the hydroxyl of carboxylic acid functional group. It was recommended that high yields of LA can be achieved across a range of optimization variables as long as two out of the three conditions are met: high acid catalyst concentration, long reaction time or high temperature within the range tested, as LA is relatively stable once formed. Moreover, the results obtained revealed that groundnut shell could be a potential substrate for levulinic acid production.
Keywords: Groundnut shell, Levulinic acid, Optimization, Hydrolysis, Taguchi design.
Isolation and characterization of partially furified bacteriocin of <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (CF1) soil isolate
Authors: Bala I. , Arzai A.H. , Mukhtar M.D. , Manga S.B. 
Published: July 2020

Bacteriocins are proteinaceous antimicrobial substances produce by bacteria against closely related bacterial species. However their broad spectrum inhibitory activity has been observed against other microorganisms such as fungi. The aim of this study was to isolate and determine physical, chemical and biological characteristics of bacteriocin from B. cereus of soil origin. A Gram-positive spore forming bacilli coded as CF1 was isolated by pour plating technique from the soil sample of the cereal farm land of Kura local government area, Kano State Nigeria and identified as Bacillus cereus based on cultural, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. Bacteriocin was isolated from this B. cereus and partially purified by solvent method (cold acetone) and had broad spectrum inhibitory activity with MIC of 64 AU/ ml. This bacteriocin was thermo stable up to 121°C for 15 minutes and its activity was maintained at wider pH value of 2-12. Although, the bacteriocin isolated by this B. cereus was not affected by some chemical such as Urea, EDTA and Tween 80, other chemical such as SDS and trypsin enzyme deactivated its activity. It is therefore recommended that further studies be carryout on this bacteriocin to purify the bacteriocin using Poly Acryl Amide Gel Electrophoresis PAGE and to elucidate its sequence, to determine its molecular conformation and antibacterial activity on multi drug resistant pathogens.
Key words: Bacteriocin, Bacillus cereus, Broad spectrum, Tween 80 and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate.
Effects of Ethylene Diamine Disuccinic Acid (EDDS) on lead (Pb2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) uptake by lettuce (<I>Lactuca sativa L.</I>) seedlings planted in hydroponic solutions
Authors: Dagari M.S. , Musa M.S. , Maude F.M. 
Published: July 2020

This research work was carried out to investigate the effects of ethylene diamine disuccinate (EDDS) on the absorption of cadmium and lead by hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Samples were prepared through digestion (dry ashing) method and the analytes quantitatively analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) technique. The effects of EDDS on Pb2+ and Cd2+ uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings replanted in hydroponic solutions for 72 hr in a greenhouse were investigated. Two months old seedlings were exposed to various doses of Pb2+ and Cd2+ at constant concentration of EDDS. For unchelated treatments, increase in concentrations of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in the solution increases the uptake by the plants relative to control. Pb2+ contents in the roots showed more accumulation than in shoots (p<0.05) while Cd2+ content in the shoots was higher than in roots. Addition of 0.0025M EDDS to the solutions of Pb2+ and Cd2+ inhibits the uptake of the metal ions at the following concentrations (0.0025, 0.005 and 0.0075 mg/L) when compared to unchelated treatments of same concentrations. At 0.025 mg/L of Pb2+ and Cd2+, chelation substantially enhances their uptakes in both shoot and root of the plant (p<0.05). Compared to the unchelated treatments, chelation suppresses the translocation of Pb2+ and Cd2+ to the shoots of the plant (p<0.05), but there was a better translocation of Pb2+ (1.257) and Cd2+ (0.953) at 0.025 mg/L, thus indicating that, at very high concentration of the metals the plant was hyper-accumulator. For hydroponic solutions containing the combination of both metals; Pb2+ + Cd2+, Pb2+ uptake was more in the roots than in the shoots while Cd2+ content in the shoots showed more absorption than the roots for both chelated and unchelated treatments. Also, it was observed that chelation suppresses the uptake of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in the presence of one another by both root and shoot. Furthermore, increasing the concentrations of Pb2+ + Cd2+ in chelated treatments of hydroponic solutions results to a better translocation of Pb2+ while the translocation of Cd2+ to the shoot was enhanced. Generally, addition of EDDS to the hydroponic mixtures affected to a large extent the availability of Pb2+ and Cd2+ to the growing seedlings.
Keywords: Ethylene diamine disuccinate, greenhouse, hydroponic solution, lettuce, metals.
Assessment of adoption and utilisation of superior rice germplasm by smallholder farmers in four rice producing zones of Nigeria
Authors: Alamu O. , Aladele S.E. , Okere A.U. , Osewa S.O. , Olubiyi M.R. , Lee M. , Jolaiya O.B. , Hassan O.K. 
Published: July 2020

Conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources is essential to the sustainable development of agricultural production and rural in production zones in Nigeria. This study, therefore investigated the utilisation of recently released superior rice germplasm among smallholder farmers in Nigeria. A post- crop varietal release impact assessment was conducted in Oyo, Ekiti, Kwara and Ebonyi states of Nigeria in 2019. Structured questionnaires were administered to 120 farmers using a simple random sampling technique. Result from the study revealed that ricefarmers are mainly males, middle aged, married, with some form of education. They have medium (3-6 household member) household size with longer years of farming experiences. Inadequate capital and limited credit facilities, plant disease, birds and insect infestation are the major constraints encountered by the farmers. Result of the correlation analysis shows that there was no significant relationship between sources of planting materials and frequently planted varieties (r = 0.100 and p = 0.786). However, there was significant relationship between production constraints and frequently planted varieties (r = 0.010 and p = 0.648). It is recommended that more channels of credit facilities should be provided to rice farmers by governments at various levels to improve their level productivity.
Keywords: Rice, adoption, genetic resources, utilisation, smallholder farmers
Relationship between headteachers’ communication competencies and effective school management in public primary schools in Narok county, kenya
Authors: Koskie Joseph Kipkemoi , Sang Dr. Cecilis , Ngeno Dr. Viviline 
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the relationship between headteachers’ communication competencies and effective school management in public primary schools in Narok County, Kenya. The target population was 665 headteachers, 25 Curriculum support officers and County Auditor. The study sample comprised 85 Headteachers, 25 Curriculum Support Officer and County Auditor. This study used the convergent mixed method research design. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews and checklists of observations. Piloting was conducted in Kericho County. Validity was established by with the help of university supervisors. Split half technique and Cronbach Alpha coefficient test was used to test reliability coefficient. A score of 0.7 was acceptable. Analysis of quantitative data was by use descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS Version 23. Qualitative data collected from open ended questions was analyzed using descriptive analysis. These were analyzed through summarizing the set of observations drawn from the respondents. The study findings show that in most of the public schools headteachers communication competencies had a positive influence on effective school management. However, this was not the case in some of the schools in the county. The study recommended that the headteachers should consider scaling up their application of acquired communication skills for instance, by setting and communication of targets to both teachers and pupils, sharing schedules of lesson observation for all teachers, and ensuring that the curriculum is effectively delivered.
Keywords: Headteachers’ communication competencies, effective school management, public primary schools
Influence of family background on students’ drop out from secondary schools in Yakurr local government area.
Authors: Ekpo Effiong, OJI , Inah Edet, MONDAY 
Published: July 2020

The study examined the influence of family background on students’ dropout from secondary schools in Yakurr local government area of Cross River State. The study adopted the descriptive survey design and paired t-test and independent t-test were used in analyzing the data collected. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire known as the family background and students’ dropout questionnaire (FBSSDQ)made by the researcher. One hundred and fifty (150) students were randomly sampled from five (5) selected secondary schools from the study area. Fifty (50) students were used for trial testing outside the population of the study. Kuder Richardson 20 (KR20) reliability estimate was used to determine the reliability indices of the three sub variables as follows: family size = 0.78, parents’ attitude = 0.81 and parents’ socio-economic/educational status = 0.73 respectively. The results showed students do drop out from schools and that this situation is attributed to certain factors such as family size, parents’ attitude, parents’ socio-economic status and educational background. It was recommended that parents should be fully educated on population size and education, there should be a massive education campaign to enlighten the parents and the general society on alternative ways of checking school dropout and the government should not shift the whole responsibility of financing education to parents since most of the parents are financially handicap and poor.
Keyword: family size, parents’ attitude, parents’ socio-economic status, dropout.
Effets de quatre huiles essentielles sur la croissance mycélienne radiale d’un isolat de <i>Alternaria sp.</i> au Burkina Faso
Authors: Sirima A. , Sereme A. , Sereme D. , Koïta K. , Nana T.A. , Sawadogo M. 
Published: July 2020

L’alternariose de la tomate est une maladie cryptogamique dévastatrice dans les zones maraichères du Burkina Faso. Tous les organes de la plante (tiges, feuilles, fruits) sont attaqués, entrainant une baisse importante du rendement et une dépréciation de la qualité de la production. Dans la présente étude, quatre huiles essentielles de plantes aromatiques locales (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Lippia multiflora, Ocimum americanum, et Ocimum basilicum) ont été testées, pour évaluer leurs propriétés d'inhibition sur la croissance radiale du mycélium d’un isolat pathogène de Alternaria sp. Le test in vitro des doses de 100%, 50%, 10%, 5% et 1% a montré que toutes ces huiles essentielles possèdent une activité antifongique sur ledit isolat. Les taux d’inhibition des huiles essentielles sur la croissance du champignon étudié vont de 25,96% à 100%. La meilleure inhibition a été enregistrée avec l’huile essentielle de Cymbopogon schoenanthus, de Ocimum basilicum et de Lippia multiflora pour les concentrations supérieures à 1%. Il ressort donc de cette étude que trois huiles essentielles, stoppent la croissance mycélienne de l’isolat pour des doses allant de 5% à 100%. Ces huiles (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Ocimum basilicum et Lippia multiflora) pourraient être utilisées pour la mise au point de phytopesticides afin d'atténuer l’utilisation intensive et hasardeuse des pesticides.Mots clés: Alternariose, activité antifongique, plante aromatique, tomate.
English Title: Effects of four essential oils on radial mycelial growth of an isolate of Alternaria sp. in Burkina Faso
Early blight of tomato is a devastating cryptogamic disease in the vegetable gardens in Burkina Faso. All plant’s organs (stems, leaves, fruits) are attacked causing a significant decrease in the yield and a depreciation of the quality of the production in the field. In the present study, four essential oils of aromatic plants (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Lippia multiflora, Ocimum americanum, and Ocimum basilicum) were tested to evaluate the inhibition properties of these oils on the radial growth of the mycelium of an isolated pathogen of Alternaria sp. In vitro tests at doses of 100%, 50%, 10%, 5% and 1% showed that all these essential oils tested have antifungal activity on said strain. The inhibition rates of essential oils on the growth of the fungus studied range from 25.96% to 100%. The best inhibition was recorded with the essential oil of Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Ocimum basilicum and Lippia multiflora for applied concentrations more than 1%. It therefore emerges from this study that three essential oils stop the mycelial growth of the isolate for doses ranging from 5% to 100%. These oils (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Ocimum basilicum and Lippia multiflora) could be used for the development of phytopesticides in order to reduce the intensive and hazardous use of pesticides.Keywords: Early blight, antifungal activity, aromatic plant, tomato.