bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGHAMBATAN PERTUMBUHAN Klebsiella pneumoniae DENGAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DARI LIMBAH KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Authors: Stephen Dewangga Vector , Taufiq Qurrohman Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

Pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) adalah buah yang mudah ditemukan, akan tetapi kulit buahnya selama ini jarang dimanfaatkan. Pada kulit buah M. paradisiaca L. terkandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan terpenoid yang berperan sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol limbah kulit M. paradisiaca L. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Klebsiella pneumoniae. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik eksperimental, sampel kulit M. paradisiaca L. diperoleh dari pedagang keripik pisang kepok di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Ekstrak etanol 96% kulit M. paradisiaca L. dibuat dengan menggunakan metode perkolasi, sedangkan uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 96% limbah kulit M. paradisiaca L. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri K. pneumoniae, pada konsentrasi 20%; 40%; 60%; 80% dan 100%, dengan rata-rata zona hambat berturut-turut 6,10 mm; 6,35 mm; 6,95 mm; 7,35 mm; dan 7,80 mm. Ekstrak etanol 96% kulit M. paradisiaca L. mampu membentuk zona hambat radikal pada semua konsentrasi terhadap pertumbuhan K. pneumoniae, namun tidak mampu menghasilkan zona hambat radikal setara dengan kriteria sensitif antibiotik ciprofloxacin 5 µg berdasarkan CLSI 2018 terhadap pertumbuhan K. pneumoniae.

Banana kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) is a fruit that is easily found, but the peel of the fruit has rarely been used. The peel of M. paradisiaca L. contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids which act as antibacterial compounds. This study aims to determine whether the ethanol extract of M. paradisiaca L. peel can inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The research method used was an experimental analytic, M. paradisiaca L. peel samples were obtained from banana chips traders in Karanganyar. Ethanol extract 96% of the skin of M. paradisiaca L. was prepared using the percolation method, whereas the antibacterial activity test was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that the 96% ethanolic extract of M. paradisiaca L.peel was able to inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae in 20%; 40%; 60%; 80% and 100% concentrations, with mean inhibitory zones in order 7,46 mm; 7,52 mm; 7,60 mm; 8,52 mm; dan 8,98 mm. 96% of ethanolic extract M. paradisiaca L. skin was able to form radical inhibitory zones at all concentrations of K. pneumoniae growth, but was unable to produce radical inhibitory zones equivalent to the 5µg ciprofloxacin antibiotic sensitive criteria based on CLSI 2018 on the growth of K. pneumoniae.
ANALISIS KOINTEGRASI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA DENGAN PASAR MODAL PADA NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN SELAMA ERA MEA
Authors: Sundoro Hary Saputra , Theovardo Theovardo 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan ada atau tidaknya kointegrasi dalam jangka panjang di antara semua pasar modal pada negara ASEAN5. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meramalkan hubungan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang di antara pasar modal Indonesia dengan pasar modal pada negara-negara ASEAN lainnya selama era MEA. Pemahaman tentang ada atau tidaknya kointegrasi di antara pasar modal pada negara-negara ASEAN sangatlah diperlukan karena para investor sudah mulai melakukan portofolio investasi sahamnya pada beberapa pasar modal di negara-negara lain. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah uji kointegrasi dan analisis VECM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap pasar modal pada negara ASEAN5 memiliki keterkaitan dalam jangka panjang. Dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang, IHSG akan merespon secara negatif terhadap pergerakan bursa saham pada KLSE dan SETI di era MEA ini. Sebaliknya di era MEA, IHSG akan memiliki pergerakan yang searah terhadap STI dan PSEI. Para investor dapat melakukan diversifikasi portofolio sahamnya pada pasar modal negara-negara ASEAN di era MEA karena sudah terintegrasinya di antara pasar modal pada negara-negara ASEAN tersebut.

Kata Kunci: ASEAN, Kointegrasi, Pasar Modal, VECM.
Three new species of Stictane Hampson, 1900 from Flores Island, eastern Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)
Authors: Spitsyn Vitaly M. , Bolotov Ivan N. 
Published: July 2020

In this article the three new species of the genus Stictane Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini) i.e., S. miniursa sp. nov. [West Flores: Borong], S. berliosi sp. nov. [West Flores: Labuan Bajo], and S. pseudofuscus sp. nov. [Central Flores: Bajawa] are described from Flores Island, eastern Indonesia.
De la « franchise du sol français » au droit d'asile pour cause d'esclavage : un principe inhérent à l'identité constitutionnelle de la France ?
Authors: Pluen Olivier 
Published: July 2020

Par deux fois ces dernières années, les plus hautes autorités de l'État ont affirmé leur volonté d'accueillir sur le territoire national des victimes de l'esclavage stricto sensu , qu'il s'agisse en 2017 de certains migrants d'Afrique subsaharienne passés par la Libye, ou en 2019 de femmes Yésidies confrontées au groupe Daech en Irak. Or, bien qu'une tradition générale d'accueil soit classiquement associée à la « Patrie des droits de l'Homme », il est possible de se demander, de manière plus ambitieuse, si de telles annonces ne sont pas révélatrices d'un « principe inhérent à l'identité constitutionnelle de la France », héritier du vieux principe du « sol franc » né sous l'Ancien Régime. Le présent article se donne en conséquence pour objectif de déceler l'existence d'un tel principe, soit qu'il ressorte directement du bloc de constitutionnalité, soit que la « franchise du sol français » puisse indirectement connaître un renouveau par le truchement du bloc de conventionnalité.
L'absorption de la notion de formes d'esclavage dans celle de « traite des êtres humains »
Authors: Boissard Béatrice 
Published: July 2020

Par un glissement sémantique, au cours des siècles, l'esclavage est devenu un mot « tabou », renvoyant à une histoire passée ; le terme de traite des personnes lui étant préféré. Entré dans le droit international par la Convention de l'esclavage de 1926, complétée par la convention supplémentaire relative à l'abolition de l'esclavage, de la traite des esclaves et des institutions et pratiques analogues à l'esclavage de 1956, le terme disparaît progressivement du vocabulaire juridique. L'exemple de l'interprétation de l'article 4-1 de la CEDH en est une illustration. Pourtant, l'esclavage persiste toujours et les situations démontrent que malgré l'adoption de terme moderne, le terme ancien demeure.
Formes légales de travail et formes contemporaines d'esclavage
Authors: Petit Benoît 
Published: July 2020

Le développement exponentiel des situations de travail para-subordonnées ravive l'enjeu de l'esclavage contemporain, en raison de la déresponsabilisation tout à fait légale des entreprises vis-à-vis des conditions de travail. L'auteur défend la nécessité d'engager une révolution du droit des relations de travail, fondée sur le statut de travail plutôt que le contrat, sur les droits fondamentaux plutôt que sur les performances économiques, ainsi que sur l'identification systématique et préventive des « impulsions d'esclavage » qui sont bien plus courantes qu'on ne le croit.
Le bouclier d’Achille. À propos de la fonction défensive de la représentation
Authors: Herrmann Fabio , Allet-Coche Isabelle 
Published: July 2020

L’auteur étudie la fonction défensive de la représentation, comme protection contre le stade de fusion avec le réel humain, où la distinction entre Identité et Réalité est perdue. La création d’un « espace pour la représentation » est considérée comme fondatrice du privilège de la surface représentationnelle dans la pensée occidentale, dont le modèle de l’inscription du bouclier d’Achille serait le paradigme.
Identifier, s’identifier, croire
Authors: Stoloff Jean-Claude 
Published: July 2020

Bien qu’il ne soit pas toujours aisé de les différencier, plutôt qu’aux objets de croyance, on s’intéresse aux mouvements psychiques et aux processus qui aboutissent aux phénomènes de croyance. Le sujet humain peut-il y échapper ? Quelle est la contribution de la métapsychologie freudienne à ce débat ? Sommes-nous condamnés à croire comme nous sommes condamnés à investir ? Pouvons-nous cependant rester libres de changer nos croyances dans un mouvement de création continue ?
John Stuart Mill on “legitimate socialism” and the 1848 revolution in Paris
Authors: McCabe Helen 
Published: July 2020

Selon son Autobiographie , c’est la révolution parisienne de 1848 qui a incité Mill à revendiquer plus clairement la désignation de socialiste dans l’édition de 1852 de ses Principes d’économie politique . On a pu voir dans les Chapitres sur le socialisme posthumes l’abandon de cette position. Mais ses craintes à l’égard du « socialisme révolutionnaire » ne sont en opposition ni à la révolution ni au socialisme : un « socialisme légitime », violent seulement s’il doit se défendre, n’impliquant pas la disparition de toute propriété privée, préférant la coopération à la main mise de l’État, doit revendiquer tout ce qui de « liberté, égalité et fraternité » peut être réalisé dès maintenant et préparé pour plus tard.
Jeux physiques et jouets d’adresse des enfants : du jeu libre à une éducation physique informelle (1730-1830)
Authors: Manson Michel 
Published: July 2020

Est-ce que les objets des jeux d’adresse sont des « jouets sportifs » pour les médecins, éducateurs, artistes et auteurs de livres de jeunesse entre 1730 et 1830 ? À cette époque où changent les paradigmes sur l’enfant, le corps, le jeu et l’éducation, les conceptions sur l’adresse et la force des enfants, il est intéressant de se demander dans quelle mesure ces acteurs tiennent compte des objets qu’ils utilisent. Suivant la motricité qu’ils mettent en œuvre, ces objets sont-ils pensés comme des jouets ou comme des instruments de l’activité physique ? Le fait que des éducateurs désirent les faire pénétrer à l’école montre cependant qu’ils reconnaissent leur rôle dans l’éducation physique des enfants..
Le painkiller : une embarcation miniature pour s’initier au kayak ludique ?
Authors: Hugedet Willy , Marsac Antoine 
Published: July 2020

Les painkillers sont des embarcations miniatures fabriquées par des kayakistes eux-mêmes. À partir d’une approche articulant l’anthropologie et l’histoire du temps présent, il s’agit d’analyser leur contexte d’émergence et les usages associés : de leur fabrication à leur mise à l’eau. Notre enquête montre que ces différentes activités sont autant d’étapes participant d’une acculturation des joueurs. Par l’intermédiaire d’une rhétorique du fun, ces jouets permettent une initiation au kayak ludique.
Jouets ou matériels sportifs ? Une culture matérielle analysée du point de vue des jeunes enfants
Authors: Garnier Pascale 
Published: July 2020

Cette recherche souligne l’importance d’une culture matérielle dans le domaine des activités physiques et/ou sportives des enfants. Dans une perspective sociologique, l’objectif est de montrer comment leurs rapports à cette culture matérielle s’inscrivent dans des différences d’âge et de genre. Pour analyser ces rapports du point de vue des enfants, le dispositif méthodologique est basé sur neuf entretiens collectifs avec des enfants de 5 ans, grâce au support d’un « jeu des sept familles », un jeu de cartes spécifiquement créé pour cette enquête. Les résultats montrent comment les enfants nomment, définissent et choisissent ces objets pour marquer leur propre identité, en termes d’âge et de genre. Soulignant un écart entre les cultures sportives des filles et des garçons, l’article révèle aussi une tension entre un matériel de sport et des jouets, notamment ceux marqués par les licences (Hello Kitty et Spiderman).
Antidepressant-like effects of methanol leaves extract of <I>Leptadenia hastata </I>(Asclepidiaceae) in mice
Authors: Sani Ibrahim H. , Abubakar Abdullahi Rabiu , Yaro Abdullahi H. , Malami Sani 
Published: July 2020

Depression is a serious disorder that affects people in all communities across the world, a major cause of disability and morbidity worldwide. The drugs used in its management are associated with adverse effects and delayed response, hence it’s important to look for antidepressant plants with proven advantages and favourable benefits. Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne belongs to the family Asclepidiaceae and is widely used in Tropical Africa as a vegetable due to its low toxicity and therapeutic benefits, it is used in the treatment of evil spirit, psychiatric disorders and hallucination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of the methanol leaves extract of Leptadenia hastata (LHME) and its fractions. Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity (LD50) study were done using standard procedures. Antidepressant-like effects of the LHME and its fractions was evaluated using the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). The intraperitoneal (i.p) median lethal dose was estimated to be > 5000 mg/kg. The LHME and Residual aqueous fraction (RAF) at dose 250-1000 mg/kg are significantly (P<0.05) and dose-dependently, while n-butanol fraction (NBF) at 400 mg/kg decreased the duration of immobility in the TST and FST respectively. There was no significant change in the number of squares crossed in the OFT. In conclusion, the L. hastata plant possesses antidepressant-like effects.
Keywords: Depression, Forced swim test, Leptadenia hastata, Medicinal plant and Tail suspension test
Community pharmacists’ perceptions and knowledge of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Ma’aji H.U. , Auwal F.I. , Laban S. , Abdu-Aguye S.N. , Amorha K.C. 
Published: July 2020

Herbal supplements or “botanicals,” are a type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) made from one or more plants, and are thought to be useful in treating diseases or maintaining health. These supplements are usually found in pharmacies, and continue to gain popularity among consumers today. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions and knowledge of community pharmacists practicing in Zaria & Kaduna metropolis on herbal supplements. A cross-sectional survey was carried out from July to October 2016 on pharmacists working in 82 randomly selected community pharmacies. A structured questionnaire containing four sections and 45 questions was used to collect data from respondents on their demographic characteristics, personal experiences with herbal supplements, knowledge of selected herbal supplements and general perceptions of herbal supplements. Data collected was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and descriptive statistics used to report results. While 120 questionnaires were distributed, only 99 were eventually retrieved. Majority of the respondents were male (80%), and had BPharm as their highest educational qualification (97%). Most of the respondents reported having used herbal supplements before (92%) and up to 71% had used these supplements within the last 12 months. Many of the respondents (70%) had poor knowledge regarding the indications, safety and interactions associated with the use of selected herbal supplements. Over 90% of them agreed that herbal supplements are beneficial, and should be integrated into conventional clinical care, however less than half of them believed that these supplements were safe and had fewer side effects than conventional medicines. Community pharmacists in Kaduna have poor knowledge but largely positive perceptions of herbal supplements.
Keywords: CAM, Knowledge, Perceptions, Community Pharmacists, Herbal Supplements, Nigeria
Compatibility and formulation of diesel degrading consortia using bacteria isolated from contaminated soil
Authors: Darma Umar Zubairu , Mansir Aisha Zango , Riko Yunusa Yahaya 
Published: July 2020

Soil contamination with diesel spillage is an increasing environmental challenge that damages living ecosystems. Efficiency of single bacterium in degrading diesel oil pollutants is faced with slow performance limitation. Therefore, the use of consortia is shown to be better, due to synergism, multi-enzymatic activity and potential for diversified catabolic functionalities. This study is aimed at formulating effective bacterial consortia that can degrade diesel in polluted environments. Four diesel degrading bacteria as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus roseus and Rhodococcus specie were isolated and used for consortia formulation. Purity testing was performed on the isolates prior to consortia formulation, before their compatibility was tested by cross-spreading them on nutrient agar. Consortia formulation was made using Bacteria resting cells in Phosphate Buffer Saline based on compatibility testing and mathematical permutations. For on their ability to survive diesel on Bushnell-Haas Agar (BHA), consortia 2, 9 and 11 showed the best results among which consortium 11 was chosen as the best, considering growths on the medium within a 72 hrs period. The growth of the organisms before consortia formulation and after was also evaluated, which suggest that the consortium perform better than individual strains. Analysis of Variance showed significant statistical differences (p<0.05) between constituents of consortia, and diesel degradation on 2% (v/v) BHA. The degradation performances of the various consortia on BHA were furthermore separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The colony counts obtained indicate that degradation was performed better by the consortia than individual strains. The findings of the study contribute towards illuminating inter-microbial relationships and microbial ecology especially within groups of diesel degrading bacteria. Further studies are imperative, to maximally harness the potentials of these bacteria for applications in large scale diesel biodegradation.
Key Words: Consortia, Diesel, Bacterial Biodegradation, Haemocytometry.
A survey of co-infection of some pathogenic bacteria with TB in patients attending Federal Medical Center Katsina, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulkadir B. , Abubakar U. , Abdullahi B. , Owuna J.E. , Murtala R. , Kabir K. , Ibrahim M.A. 
Published: July 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is known to be one of the oldest forms of human diseases which still remain the leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized as a pulmonary disease which occurs due to accumulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) onto the lungs alveolar surfaces. M. tuberculosis is an implicated pathogenic bacteria associated with T.B. It is the chronic infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus (M. tuberculosis). This study was aimed to determine co-infection of other pathogenic bacteria within MTB patients attending Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Katsina. The study design was cross-sectional, conducted to isolate some pathogenic bacteria that co-infected TB patients who are Acid fast bacilli (AFB) positive and AFB negative. The samples obtained were cultured on Blood, Chocolate and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Pure isolates were confirmed using Grams Staining and biochemical reaction. Data obtained were presented as simple percentage and using statistical analysis which revealed that the incidence was common among the age categories 51-60 with 28%, followed by those ≥60 years with 20%. The lowest prevalence was recorded the at age category 11-20 with 10%. Based on gender, males presented with the higher incidence (35/50) i.e. 70% than female (15/50) i.e. 30%. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphyllococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most prevalent organisms isolated with 21.9%, 19.66% and 19.10% respectively. E. coli with 05.62% being had the least isolates. The research demonstrated the existence of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial pathogens that co-infect with TB patients, especially among the elderly males. Further research should be tailored towards investigating other pathogens that co-infect with MTB patients, such as fungi and viruses, in diversified hospitals in Katsina state and beyond.
Keywords: AFB, Pathogenic bacteria, Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium and Federal Medical Centre, Katsina.
Microorganisms as bioinsecticides; short review
Authors: Isah U. , Ahmad M.A. 
Published: July 2020

Hundred thousand tons of chemical insecticides are used annually in Nigeria to combat insect disease vectors especially agricultural pests, but this sort of vector control method is gradually being substituted due to their environmental effects on non-target beneficial insects especially vertebrates through contamination of food and water. To counteract this contamination, attention, efforts and researches were directed to the use of biological control agents including insect pathogens. As a result, the use of bio insecticide, as a component of integrated pest management (IPM), has been gaining acceptance over the world. Microbial pathogens comprise of organisms which cause disease, these organisms are disseminated in the pest population in large quantity in a manner similar to application of chemical pesticides. Insects like other organisms are susceptible to a variety of diseases caused by different groups of microorganisms including virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and nematodes. Microbial pathogens of insects are intensively investigated to develop environment friendly pest management strategies in agriculture. Microbial insecticides represent today the best alternative to chemical insecticides in controlling insect pests, they are safe for non-target species and human health are believed to show low persistence in the environment. This short review indicates that microbial insecticides are the safe alternative way possessing all the requirements to replace chemical insecticides hence, they can be utilized in pest management and control.
Keywords: Bio-insecticides, Microorganisms, biological control, pest, chemical insecticides
Comparative study on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in effluents, sea and fresh water
Authors: Usman Naja’atu Auwal , Tukur Usman Muhammad , Usman Bishir 
Published: July 2020

The corrosion rate of mild steel behavior exposed to effluents (EF), sea water (SW) and fresh water (FW) were study using weight loss, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) and x-rays diffraction (XRD). The results show that the weight loss of mild steel in different water samples increases with increasing in immersion time and temperature respectively. The corrosion rate of water was found to be higher in sea water (0.003g cm2 week-2), effluents (0.021g cm-2 week-2) and fresh water (0.020g cm-2 week-2) respectively. The corrosion rate and behaviour of mild steel in the water sample were affected by some physical and chemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, conductivity and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Effluents (EF) were found to have pH (5.20), turbidity (13.3nut), conductivity (4203µs/cm) and BOD (0.119mg/dm3). Sea water (SW) were found to have pH (7.60), turbidity (173nut), conductivity (30800µs/cm) and BOD (0.028mg/dm3). Fresh water (FW) were found to have pH (7.60), turbidity (127nut), conductivity (419µs/cm) and BOD (0.651mg/dm3). Similarly, the presences of elements such as chloride ion (Cl-), Fe, Ba, Br, S, La, Nb and Mo from XRF confirm that the corrosion rate is higher in sea water. SEM microgram revealed that corrosion rates of EF, SW and FW were of different nature, both the samples have rough surface with various cracks after immersion. This clearly shows that the sea water has the highest corrosion products follow by effluent than fresh water sample. Both the weight loss and corrosion rate increases as the immersion time and temperature increases.
Keywords: Corrosion rate, Mild steel, Weight loss, AAS, SEM, XRF, Immersion Time, Temperature