bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ma Xiaoteng , Sun Yan , Cheng Yujing , Shen Hua , Gao Fei , Qi Jing , Yang Lixia , Wang Zhijian , Shi Dongmei , Liu Yuyang , Liu Xiaoli , Zhou Yujie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and purposesThe association of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), an emerging lipid index which can predict risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease, with adverse outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been undetermined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether AIP could independently predict adverse CV events in T2DM patients with ACS undergoing PCI.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of a single centre prospective registry involving 826 consecutive T2DM patients who underwent coronary angiography for ACS and were treated with primary or elective PCI at our CV center from June 2016 to November 2017. This study eventually included 798 patients (age, 61 ± 10 years, male, 72.7%). AIP was calculated as the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of plasma concentration of triglycerides to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). All patients were divided into 4 groups based on the AIP quartiles. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal ischemic stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or unplanned repeat revascularization. The key secondary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal ischemic stroke, or non-fatal MI.ResultsDuring a median follow-up period of 927 days, 198 patients developed at least one event. Unadjusted Kaplan–Meier analysis showed the incidence of the primary endpoint increased gradually with rising AIP quartiles (log-rank test, P = 0.001). Adjusted multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses revealed that compared with the lowest AIP quartile, the top AIP quartile was associated with significantly increased risk for the primary and key secondary endpoints (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.153; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.355 to 3.421; P = 0.001, and HR: 2.613; 95% CI: 1.024 to 6.666; P = 0.044, respectively). Inclusion of AIP quartiles in a baseline prediction model for the primary endpoint increased the Harrell’s C statistic from 0.697 to 0.707. More importantly, addition of AIP quartiles to the above model significantly improved the continuous net reclassification improvement (continuous NRI = 19.1%, P < 0.001).ConclusionA higher AIP value on admission was independently and strongly associated with adverse CV events in T2DM patients with ACS undergoing PCI.
Identifying Risk Factors for a High Lymph Node Ratio (over 0.8) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Liu Yuewu , Zhang LY , li xiaoyi , liu hongfeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Despite the majority of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients has an excellent prognosis, central lymph node metastases (CLNM) are common. The relationship between CLNM and prognosis is still controversial, however, a certain lymph node ratio (LNR) has been reported to show significantly worse prognosis for PTC patients. Therefore, the extent of CLNM seems to play an important role in predicting the recurrence and survival of PTC. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors for a high LNR (over 0.8) in central compartment in PTC patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy plus central lymph node dissection (CLND) between January 2011 and December 2015. Patients with an LNR over 0.8 was defined as Group A, and patients with an LNR 0 was defined as group B. The clinical and pathological factors such as gender, age, tumor size, tumor number, extracapsular spread (ECS), MACIS score, and co-existence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis （CLT）were compared between different LNR groups.Results Univariate analysis found high LNR to be associated with male gender, young age(<40 years) ,larger tumor (≥1 cm), ECS and absence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Multivariate logistic regression showed male gender (p = 0.007, OR = 3.79), young age(<40 years) (p = 0.000, OR = 0.159), larger tumor (≥1 cm) (p =0.033, OR = 2.530), and absence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (p = 0.036, OR = 0.321) to be independent predictors for high LNR in PTC patients Conclusions Male gender, younger age (<40 years), larger tumor (≥1 cm) and absence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were risk factors of high LNR. We recommend a prophylactic CLND should be considered in PTC patients with such risk factors.
Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by multicapillary column coupled ion mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) of breath. A proof of concept study
Authors: Steppert Claus , Steppert Isabel , Sterlacci William , Bollinger Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
There is an urgent need for screening of patients having a communicable viral disease to cut infection chains. We could recently demonstrate that MCC-IMS of breath is able to identify Influenza-A infected patients. With decreasing Influenza epidemic and upcoming SARS-CoV-2 infections we went on and also analysed patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infections.75 patients, 34m, 41f, aged 64.4 ± 15.4 years, 14 positive for Influenza-A, 16 positive for SARS-CoV-2, the remaining 44 patients were used as controls. In one patient RT-PCR was highly suspicious of SARS-CoV-2 but initially inconclusiveBesides RT-PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs all patients underwent MCC-IMS analysis of breath. There was no difference in gender or age according to the groups.97.3% of the patients could be correctly classified to the respective group by discriminant analysis. Even the inconclusive patient could be mapped to the SARS-CoV-2 group applying the discrimination function.ConclusionMCC-IMS is able to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection and Influenza-A infection in breath. As this method provides exact, fast non-invasive diagnosis it should be further developed for screening of communicable viral diseases.Trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, NCT04282135 Registered 20 February 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04282135?term=IMS&draw=2&rank=1
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation Along With Calorie Restriction on Metabolic Endotoxemia, and Mega Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: moludi jalal , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Gholizadeh Pourya , Alizadeh Mohammad , Vayghyan Hamed Jafari 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Dysbiosis has been associated with increased microbial translocation, leading to chronic inflammation in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It has been proposed that modulation of gut microbiota by probiotic might modify metabolic endotoxemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on metabolic endotoxemia, and marker of inflammation in CVD subjects. Methods: This study was a 12-weeks randomized, double-blind, and intervention on 44 patients with CVD. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either one LGG capsule 1.6 ×109 colony-forming unit (CFU) or the placebo capsules for 12 weeks. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: A significant decrease in IL1-Beta concentration (-1.88 ± 2.25, vs. 0.56 ± 1.58 mmol/L, P=0.027), and LPS levels (-5.20 ±2.70 vs. 2.96+ 5.27 mg/L, P=0.016), was observed after the probiotic supplementation compared with the placebo. Subjects who had ≥2.5 kg weight loss showed signiﬁcantly improved in some variables, compared to patients with <2.5 kg weight reduction, regardless of the supplement they receive.Conclusion: These data provide preliminary evidence that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on metabolic endotoxemia, and mega inflammation in subjects with CVD.
Detecting Land Use Modification and Its Influence on Resident Communities
Authors: Endalew Tesfahun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study intended to detecting the land use land cover changes, trends and their magnitude between 1986 and 2019 years by using GIS and remote sensing in Fagita Lekoma District, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Three satellite data set of Landsat Thematic Mapper for 1986, Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus for 2002 and Operational Land Imager for 2019 were used generate land use and land cover maps of the study area. Post classification comparison changed detection method was employed to identify gains and losses between Land Use Land Cover classes. Socioeconomic survey, key informant interview and field observation were also used conclude the encouragement of land use /land cover change in the study area. The result shows that cultivated land and wetland similarly decline in the entire study periods. In the 33 years, forest lands expanded by upon 200% of the original forest cover what was existed on the base year. Whereas, a result of the socioeconomic analysis the expansion of Acacia decurrens tree plantations and agricultural land are main causes of land use land cover change in the study area. The impact of this land use land cover change is more significant on the livelihood condition and status of the study area. The land use system of the study area highly converted cultivation land into forest/tree plantation. Mainly, the expansion of Acacia decurrens tree plantation on farmland is increasing the income of local residence when compare with the previous living condition in the study area.
Dapsone Attenuates the Severity of Gastric Erosion Induced by Ethanol; Stress; and Indomethacin in Rats: A Pharmacological Approach
Authors: Sheibani Mohammad , Nezamoleslami Sadaf , Rahimi Nastaran , Abbasi Ata , dehpour ahmad reza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Dapsone, as an antimicrobial compound, has shown strong anti-inflammatory properties in clinical and experimental studies. Inflammation in stomach mocusa produce gastric erosion. Several factors contribute to the development of gastric erosions, including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol, and stress. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effects of dapsone against gastric erosions-induced by alcohol, stress, or indomethacin in rat.Methods: Gastric damage was induced in male rats in different three experimental models including ethanol (5 ml/kg, p.o.)-, water-immersion stress-, and indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.)- induced gastric injury. Macroscopic lesion scores (the J- score), inflammatory cytokines levels, NF-κB protein expression, MPO activity, and histopathological evaluation were assessed. Results: Induction of erosion in gastric mocusal led to a significant increase in J-score as an index of macroscopic parameter, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) as biochemical markers, NF-κB and myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation, as well microscopic deterioration. Dapsone reduced the tissue injuries and erosion area, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, the expression of NF-κB and tissue concentration of myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation) in all three experimental groups. Furthermore, the histopathological studies revealed the reduction of damages in dapsone treated animals.Conclusions: To conclude, dapsone exhibits significant gastro-protective effects against the development of experimental gastric erosions in rats which seems to be related to its anti-inflammatory properties.
Incidence and Risk Factors for High-level BK&nbsp;Viruria -A Single Center Study in China
Authors: Xiong Rui , Ye Haimin , Liu Zhujing , Li Xinchang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background BK Virus Allograft Nephropathy (BKVAN) is a serious complication after kidney transplantation, and the effect of pre-emptive intervention for high-level BK viruria has been verified, but the protocols after kidney transplantation for early identification of high-level viruria is lacking.Methods This was a single-center respectively study. The clinical data of the kidney transplant recipients and their donors in our center from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 were collected. According to the qPCR results of BK virus DNA loads in urine samples, the patients were divided into high-level BK Viruria Group (Group A) and none high-level BK Viruria Group (Group B). Significant variables were screened out by univariate analysis, and then the results were incorporated into multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the independent risk factors of high-level BK viruria.Results A total of 262 recipients were included in the study. The incidence of high-level BK viruria was 13.4% (n=35), and the median time of detection was 181(range 91~1119) days. Univariate analysis showed that the donor type ( =21.770, P < 0.001), history of ATG/ATG-F application ( =4.543, P=0.033), Acute Rejection (AR) ( =8.313, P=0.004) and Delayed Graft Function (DGF) ( =21.170, P < 0.001) were related with high-level BK viruria. After the inclusion of multivariate logistic regression model, the results showed that brain and cardiac deceased donors (P=0.032,OR=3.927, 95%CI:1.122~13.746), AR (P=0.022,OR=4.709, 95%CI:1.253~17.697) and DGF (P=0.001,OR=6.682, 95%CI:2.288~19.518).Conclusions Donation of Brain and Cardiac Deceased, history of AR, DGF were independent risk factors for high-level BK viruria after kidney transplantation.
Can Primary Healthcare be Protected as a Public Good in Lebanon Today?
Authors: Hamadeh Randa Sami , Kdouh Ola Ali , Hammoud Rawan , Leresche Enrica , Leaning Jennifer 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
When Lebanon’s primary healthcare network meets Covid-19 in the midst of an economic collapse and a disaster, what are the crucial questions? In this commentary we look at the impact of three profound shocks (the Lebanese civil war, the Syrian refugee crisis, and the current economic breakdown) which the Lebanese primary healthcare network (PHCN) has met in the last half century. We examine the past and current constraints that these events have imposed on the capacity of the PHCN to respond to the Covid-19 pandemic. In the context of impending economic collapse, rising social and political tensions–and now the devastating explosion in the capital on 4 August 2020–we identify the broader and deeper issues at stake as the Lebanese primary health care network struggles to fulfil its mandate to support the delivery of essential primary health care to Lebanon’s most vulnerable populations. Our finding is that in a protracted conflict, such as the one defining the circumstances of Lebanon now, access to health care persists for the people as one safeguard in which social and moral continuity can be anchored and protected.
Escherichia coli virulence factors iutA, an iron acquisition factor, and ibeA, an invasion factor, are related to severity of bacteremic acute biliary tract infections
Authors: Ikeda Mahoko , Kobayashi Tatsuya , Fujimoto Fumie , Okada Yuta , Higurashi Yoshimi , Tatsuno Keita , Okugawa Shu , Moriya Kyoji 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated organism in acute biliary tract infections with bacteremia, data regarding its virulence are limited.ResultsBacteremic acute biliary tract infection cases in a retrospective study were collected from 2013 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Factors related to the severity of infection were investigated, including patient background, phylogenetic typing, and virulence factors of E. coli, such as adhesion, invasion, toxins, and iron acquisition. In total, 72 E. coli strains were identified in 71 cases, most of which primarily belonged to the phylogenetic B2 group (68%). The presence of IutA (77.3% in the non-severe group, 46.4% in the severe group, P = 0.011) and ibeA (9.1% in the non-severe group, and 35.7% in the severe group, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with severity of infection, whereas patient characteristics did not relate to the severity of infection.ConclusionsWe showed that bacteremic E. coli strains from acute biliary tract infections belonged to a virulent (B2) group. The severity of biliary tract infection depended on iutA and ibeA.
Diagnostic Performance of Intraoperative Assessment in Grade 2 Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Bandala-Jacques Antonio , Cantú-de-León David , Montiel Delia Pérez , Salcedo-Hernández Rosa A. , Prada Diddier , González-Enciso Aarón , González-Valdez Arely , Barquet-Munoz Salim Abraham 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. Grade 2 carcinoma is associated with pelvic lymph-node metastasis, depending on selected risk factors. Intraoperative assessment (IOA) can identifiy patients at risk for lymph node metastasis who should undergo staging surgery. Our objective was to establish the diagnostic precision of IOA in determining the need for surgical staging in grade 2 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Methods: 222 patients underwent IOA. Results were compared to the final pathology report. The accuracy of the IOA parameters was calculated. Variables were evaluated in patients with positive versus negative IOA. Overall and disease-free survivals were calculated according to IOA, lymphadenectomy, and nodal metastasis.Results: IOA was positive in 80 patients. It showed an accuracy of 76.13% when compared with the postoperative assessment. The best individual parameter was myometrial invasion. Nodal metastasis was observed in 16 patients in the positive IOA group and 7 patients in the negative group. Patients with lymph node metastasis had a 5-year overall survival rate of 80.9%, whereas patients without metastasis had a 5-year overall survival rate of 97.9%. Conclusions: IOA is an adequate tool to identify high-risk patients in grade 2 endometrial carcinoma. Myometrial invasion is the individual parameter that yields the highest diagnostic precision.
A Polishing-free Etching Method for Microstructure Observation of Fine-grained Ceramics
Authors: Liu Mengwei , Shimai Shunzo , Zhao Jin , Zhang Jian , Chen Han , Chen Hetuo , Han Dan , Liu Juan , Wang Shiwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Microstructural studies are very important because of their decisive role in the properties of advanced ceramics. During the sample preparation process, it is critical to grind, polish, and etch the fracture surface of the ceramic for effective microstructure observation. Here, a sample preparation process is proposed by directly etching the fracture surface of the ceramic without the time-consuming grinding and polishing. We used this method to create micrographs for MgAl2O4, Al2O3, and ZrO2 ceramics with an average grain size less than 1 μm; these were clearly resolved by SEM. More importantly, the damage resulting from grinding or polishing is minimized and SEM images taken from samples prepared via this new method are closer to the original morphology of the microstructures. This method also greatly simplifies the sample preparation process and is especially suitable for fine-grained ceramics.
Early detection and Successful Management of Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia in symptomatic COVID 19 patient
Authors: Balani Prashant , Bhuiyan Aniruddha , Dalal Vijay N. , Maheshwari Govardhan S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Newer evidence states that COVID 19 pneumonia induces a hypercoagulable state leading to vascular and microvascular thrombotic events. Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a potentially fatal vascular emergency with overall mortality of 60% to 80%. [1] However till date, only few cases of SMA thrombosis in COVID-19 positive patients are reported and most have succumbed to COVID-19 or mesenteric ischaemia. [2-4] Physicians treating COVID 19 usually treat respiratory symptoms and may completely overlook any other uncommon pathology. This case report emphasises that a patient with early detection and management of acute mesenteric ischaemia being symptomatic for COVID 19 can avoid major bowel surgery and negate any morbidity or mortality associated with the same.
Technological, Organizational, and Environmental Factors Influencing Social Media Adoption by Hospitals in Switzerland: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Beier Michael , Früh Sebastian 
Published: September 2020

Background
Social media platforms are important tools for hospitals. These platforms offer many potential benefits in various areas of application for hospitals to connect and interact with their stakeholders. However, hospitals differ immensely in their social media adoption. There are studies that provide initial findings on individual factors influencing social media adoption by hospitals, but there is no comprehensive and integrated model.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a comprehensive model of social media adoption by hospitals in the context of the Swiss health care system and to test the model with empirical data from Switzerland.

Methods
To develop our model, we applied the general technology-organization-environment framework of organizational technology adoption and adapted it to the specific context of social media adoption by hospitals in Switzerland. To test our model, we collected empirical data on all 283 hospitals in Switzerland and identified the accounts they operate on 7 different social media platforms (Facebook, Google+, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, XING, and YouTube). We tested the hypotheses of our model by means of binary logistic regression (dependent variable: platform adoption) and negative binomial regression (dependent variable: number of different platforms adopted).

Results
Our general model on social media adoption received broad support. Overall, hospitals in Switzerland are more likely to adopt social media if they have a higher share of patients with voluntary health insurance or have a higher patient volume. In contrast, they are less likely to operate their own social media accounts if they are associated with a hospital network. However, some hypotheses of our model received only partial support for specific social media platforms; for instance, hospitals in Switzerland are more likely to adopt XING if they provide an educational program and are more likely to adopt LinkedIn if they are located in regions with higher competition intensity.

Conclusions
Our study provides a comprehensive model of social media adoption by hospitals in Switzerland. This model shows, in detail, the factors that influence hospitals in Switzerland in their social media adoption. In addition, it provides a basic framework that might be helpful in systematically developing and testing comprehensive models of social media adoption by hospitals in other countries.