bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data from routine meat inspection is a poor indicator of the prevalence of tail lesions in undocked pigs
Authors: Kongsted Hanne , Foldager Leslie , Sørensen Jan Tind 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe investigated the prevalence of tail lesions in batches of undocked slaughter pigs in herds just before delivery to an abattoir. At the abattoir, dehaired and scalded carcasses were submitted to routine meat inspection which included recording of tail lesions. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between clinically and abattoir- detected tail lesions in undocked pigs.During visits in 15 label-production herds, 2346 slaughter pigs from 24 batches were examined. Tail lesions were registered as mild healed, mild unhealed or severe. The median prevalence of the three categories in batches was 13, 9 and 6%, respectively. At the abattoir, tails were evaluated by public inspectors. Between 0 and 10% of pigs within batches (median: 1%) were registered with tail lesions at the abattoir. A linear regression model was used to compare the proportions of severe tail lesions registered in each batch within the herds with the proportions registered at the abattoir. We applied a leave-one-batch-out internal cross-validation on the model in order to explore a systematic relationship. The mean absolute difference between the predicted and the observed proportion was 9%-points. The coefficient of determination (r2) was 0.006.Our results indicate that there is no systematic relationship between clinically and abattoir-registered tail lesions in undocked pigs. Thus, abattoir registrations as carried out in the present study did not mirror the clinical situation properly. If meat inspection recordings should be used to reflect tail lesions in the herds, efforts must be undertaken to ensure a positive correlation between the two.Thus, abattoir registrations used as an indicator of tail bite prevalence in herds are currently not reliable.
Terahertz spectroscopy in biomedical field: a review on signal-to-noise ratio improvement
Authors: Peng Yan , Shi Chenjun , Zhu Yiming , Gu Min , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith the non-ionizing, non-invasive, high penetration, high resolution and spectral fingerprinting features of terahertz (THz) wave, THz spectroscopy has great potential for the qualitative and quantitative identification of key substances in biomedical field, such as the early diagnosis of cancer, the accurate boundary determination of pathological tissue and non-destructive detection of superficial tissue. However, biological samples usually contain various of substances (such as water, proteins, fat and fiber), resulting in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the absorption peaks of target substances are very small and then the target substances are hard to be identified. Here, we present recent works for the SNR improvement of THz signal. These works include the usage of attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy, the fabrication of sample-sensitive metamaterials, the utilization of different agents (including contrast agents, optical clearing agents and aptamers), the application of reconstruction algorithms and the optimization of THz spectroscopy system. These methods have been proven to be effective theoretically, but only few of them have been applied into actual usage. We also analyze the reasons and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each method. At last, we present the prospective application of THz spectroscopy in biomedical field.
QSAR and molecular docking studies of novel 2,5-distributed-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives containing 5-phenyl-2-furan as fungicides against Phythophthora infestans
Authors: Isyaku Yusuf , Uzairu Adamu , Uba Sani 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe 1,3,4-thiadiazoles are among the structural moieties that were found to be of utmost importance in the fields of pharmacy and agrochemicals because of their widespread biological activity that includes anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-tuberculosis, anticonvulsant, and antimicrobial, among others.ResultsQSAR and molecular docking studies were carried out on thirty-two (32) derivatives of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles for their antifungal activities towardPhytophthora infestans. Using the “graphical user interface” of Spartan14 software, the structure of the compounds of the dataset is drawn and then optimized at DFT/B3LYP/6-31G* quantum mechanical method of the software. Molecular descriptors of the optimized compounds were calculated and later on divided into the training set and test sets (at a ratio of 3:1). The training set was used for model generation and the test set was for external validation of the generated model. Four models were generated by the employment of genetic function approximation (GFA) in which the optimal model (4) turned out to have the following statistical parameters:R2= 0.798318,R2adj= 0.750864, cross-validationR2(Q2cv) = 0.662654, and external validationR2pred= 0.624008. On the molecular docking study of thiadiazole compounds with the target protein ofPhytophthora infestanseffector site (PDB ID: 2NAR ), compound 13 shows the highest binding affinity with − 9.3 kcal/mol docking score and composes hydrophobic as well as H-bond interactions with the target protein (2NAR).ConclusionThe result of the QSAR study signifies the stability and robustness of the built model by considering the validation parameters and this gave an idea of template/ligand-based design while the molecular docking study revealed the binding interaction between the ligand and the protein site which gave an insight toward an “optimization method” of the structure-based design for the discovery of more potent compounds with better activity againstPhytophthora infestansusing the approach of computer-aided drug design (CADD) in plant pathology.
Advance Care Planning in Cancer: Patient Preferences for Personnel and Timing
Authors: Kubi Boateng , Istl Alexandra C. , Lee Kimberley T. , Conca-Cheng Alison , Johnston Fabian M. 
Published: April 2020

PURPOSE:Opportunities for advance care planning (ACP) discussions continue to be missed despite the demonstrated benefit of such conversations. This is in part because of a poor understanding of patient preferences. We aimed to determine oncology patients’ preferences surrounding ACP with a focus on the choice of which health care providers to have the conversation with and the timing of conversations.METHODS:A cross-sectional 19-question survey of surgical and medical oncology patients in a tertiary care hospital was conducted that assessed knowledge, experience, and preferences surrounding ACP. Quantitative variables were reported with descriptive statistics, and a coding structure was developed to analyze qualitative data.RESULTS:Two hundred patients were surveyed. Only 24% of patients reported previously having ACP discussions with their physicians despite 82.5% reporting a wish to do so. Patients felt that these discussions were a priority for them (to alleviate familial guilt, maintain control, and prevent others’ values from guiding end-of-life care), but they reported that previous experiences with ACP had been neither comprehensive nor effective. Most patients (43.5%) preferred to have ACP discussions with their primary care providers (PCPs) compared with 7% preferring their surgeon and 5.5% preferring their oncologist. Trust and familiarity with PCPs arose as the dominant theme underlying this selection. Most patients (94%) preferred to have ACP discussions early, with 45% wishing such a discussion had been initiated before their cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSION:Patients with cancer prefer to have ACP discussions with their PCPs and prefer to do so early in their disease course.
Antistasis Retrograde Flow Vascular Catheter: A Novel Solution to Thrombogenicity: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study
Authors: Abdelaal Ahmed Mahmoud M. Alkhatip Ahmed , Yassin Hany M. , Farag Ehab , Hamza Mohamed K. , Bahr Mahmoud H. , Ahmed Ahmed Goda , El Emady Mohamed Farid , Sallam Amr M. , Elayashy Mohamed , Abdelhaq Mohamed , Kamal Ahmed M. , Elramely Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:
Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is a serious complication of vascular catheters. Retrograde catheter insertion has been shown to decrease pericatheter hemostasis and thrombosis, but it is technically challenging. The current in silico trial is an analytical approach to evaluating different approaches to designing retrograde flow into a vascular catheter.

METHODS:
The novel catheter design aims to provide antistasis retrograde flow (ASRF) of fluid through multiple backward-directed side openings, with a self-closing terminal opening to facilitate standard insertion. Four different models of the catheter were evaluated by computational fluid dynamic studies, with retrograde-angled openings of 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° to the long axis of the catheter.

RESULTS:
ASRF successfully reduced the areas of fluid stagnation in models with 15° and 30° openings. Models with 45° and 60° did not significantly reduce stagnation. ASRF is reversed by the main bloodstream after a few millimeters. The novel catheter design achieved a slightly higher saline flow rate compared with the standard catheter (89.75, 91.72, 94.13, and 94.26 mL/min for 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° designs, respectively, versus 86.93 mL/min for the standard catheter).

CONCLUSIONS:
The novel ASRF vascular catheter reduces pericatheter fluid stasis and has the potential to reduce CRT. Further in vitro and in vivo trials are warranted to validate these findings and evaluate clinical efficacy.
The Effects of a Shoulder Roll During Laryngoscopy in Infants: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Crossover Study
Authors: Alfahel Waseem , Gopinath Anupama , Arheart Kristopher L. , Gensler Tara , Lerman Jerrold 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:
The use of a shoulder roll to view the glottic opening during direct laryngoscopy in infants has been recommended but is not evidence based.

METHODS:
Twenty infants with normal airways, <6 months of age undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomized to undergo direct laryngoscopy first with a 2-inch vertical shoulder roll and then without, or vice versa. The primary outcome was the difference in the vertical distance between the angle of the laryngoscopist’s eye and the operating room table in the 2 positions. Also, the views of the glottic opening in both positions were recorded for each infant and analyzed by a blinded investigator using the percent of glottic opening (POGO).

RESULTS:
Twenty infants completed the study without complications. The vertical distance did not differ significantly whether the shoulder roll was placed first or second, and there was no evidence of a differential carryover effect in the crossover design (P = .268). The main effect of the shoulder roll on the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) vertical distances without 47.8 cm (43.5–52.1) and with the shoulder roll 37.2 cm (33.3–41) yielded a mean (95% CI) vertical difference of 10.6 cm (9.3–11.79; P = .0001). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) POGO scores without 100 [86.2, 100] and with the shoulder roll 97.5 [80, 100] did not differ (median difference [95% CI]: 0 [−20 to 0]; P = .39).

CONCLUSIONS:
A 2-inch shoulder roll lowers the line of sight of the glottic opening compared with no shoulder roll, without affecting the view of the glottic opening during laryngoscopy in infants.
Impact of Enantiomeric Ligand Composition on the Photophysical Properties of Chiral Ag29 Nanoclusters
Authors: Yoshida Hiroto , Kumar Jatish , Ehara Masahiro , Okajima Yasuo , Asanoma Fumio , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Nakashima Takuya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chiral surface ligands have often been employed to impart optical activity to metal nanoclusters, metal nanoparticles and semiconductor nanocrystals. They are considered to form a chiral structure to a certain degree whereas the effect of such chiral structure on the global physicochemical properties apart from chiroptical ones has been unexplored. We herein demonstrate the impact of optical purity of chiral surface ligand on the emission property of silver nanocluster (NCs). Chiral bidentate α-dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) with varied enantiomeric excess (ee) values was employed as a surface capping ligand to prepare a series of silver NCs, displaying identical absorption and emission profiles typical for Ag29 NCs. Interestingly, the emission quantum yields exhibited a clear dependence on the enantiopurity of DHLA. The more enantiopure DHLA afforded more emissive NCs. This |ee|-dependent emission efficiency was discussed in association with the orientation of ligands on the Ag29 NCs. The surface structures of Ag29(dithiolate)12 models composed of enantiopure and racemic ligand systems were compared with the aid of DFT calculations, suggesting that the enantiopure surface is more stable with one-handed ligand orientation. Two-dimensional NMR technique also supported the observation that well-defined ligand orientations depend on the enantiomeric composition of chiral ligand.
8ο ΠΑΝΕΛΛΗΝΙΟ ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗΣ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ ΧΑΡΙΣΜΑΤΙΚΩΝ ΑΤΟΜΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ
Authors: ΠΑΠΑΔΑΤΟΣ ΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ 
Published: April 2020

8ο ΠΑΝΕΛΛΗΝΙΟ ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟ ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗΣ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ ΧΑΡΙΣΜΑΤΙΚΩΝ ΑΤΟΜΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑΙδεολογικές – Πολιτικές – Ψυχολογικές - Παιδαγωγικές Προϋποθέσεις Εκπαίδευσης Χαρισματικών Ατόμων
Influencia de las medidas preventivas ergonómicas en el desarrollo de secuelas por patología no traumática del hombro
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanes Gloria María , Lobato-Cañón José Rafael , Sánchez-Payá José , Ausó-Pérez José Ramón , Cardona-Llorens Antonio Francisco J. 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Describir las secuelas referidas en los casos atendidos por patología no traumática del hombro . Y conocer cómo se asocian con la presencia de secuelas las características sociodemográficas, disponer de conocimientos en prevención de riesgos laborales y los requerimientos ergonómicos del puesto de trabajo.
Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal en una población de 345 pacientes atendidos durante un año en las consultas de un centro de atención primaria de salud en Alicante. Mediante la prueba de la Ji-cuadrado se estudiaron las asociaciones entre las secuelas y el resto de variables.
Resultados: El 53,9% (n=186) de los participantes refirieron presentar secuelas derivadas, sobre todo dolor ocasional asociado o no a limitación de la movilidad. Son factores de riesgo: un bajo nivel de estudios, actividades de limpieza y sector industrial, alzar los brazos por encima del hombro y la monotonía en las tareas. Sin embargo, son factores protectores: el sexo masculino, disponer de información sobre los riesgos laborales, equipos de protección individual, existencia de Servicio de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales, evaluación de riesgos, plan de prevención y los reconocimientos médicos periódicos. Conocer los riesgos del puesto se mostró como factor de protección independiente frente al desarrollo de secuelas (ORa=0,2; IC95%=0,1-0,4). Sin embargo, alzar el brazo por encima del hombro, se comporta como factor de riesgo independiente para el desarrollo de secuelas por patología del hombro (ORa=2,1; IC95%=1,0-4,3).
Conclusiones: La combinación de estrategias ergonómicas y formativas parecen útiles para la prevención del desarrollo de secuelas a nivel del hombro.
Revisión bibliográfica sobre la eficacia del ejercicio excéntrico como tratamiento para la tendinopatía del tendón de Aquiles
Authors: Arnal-Gómez Anna , Espí-López Gemma Victoria , Cano-Heras Diego , Muñoz-Gómez Elena , Balbastre Tejedor Isabel , Ramírez-Iñiguez de la Torre María Victoria , Vicente-Herrero María Teófila 
Published: April 2020

Introducción: las tendinopatías son consecuencia de cargas excesivas en el tendón, por lo que son frecuentes en el ámbito laboral debido a movimientos repetitivos y posturas forzadas. La tendinopatía de Aquiles se caracteriza por una respuesta de curación desorganizada, asociada a cierto grado de neovascularización, siendo el tratamiento conservador la estrategia inicial.
Objetivos realizar una revisión bibliográfica para analizr la efectividad de los tratamientos utilizados en la tendinopatía aquilea a partir de los estudios incluidos.
Material y métodos: revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos consultando las bases de datos PubMed y The Cochrane Library utilizando las palabras clave “((tendinopathy) AND (Achilles Tendon) AND (exercise OR exercise therapy OR Muscle Stretching Exercises OR physical therapy modalities OR rehabilitation))”.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron 635 refrencias en Pubmed y 134 en Cochrane Library, de los cuales 14 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los estudios seleccionados mostraron que, en general, los ejercicios excéntricos son una terapia efectiva aplicada entre 6 y 12 semanas en la tendinopatía de Aquiles, sin combinar o combinada con la plataforma de vibración, complementos nutricionales, tratamiento de tejidos blandos, terapia de láser o terapia de ondas de choque.
Conclusión: la revisión muestra que el ejercicio excéntrico presenta los mejores resultados en el tratamiento de la tendinopatía aquilea.
Criterios para la gestión de personas especialmente vulnerables y trabajadores/as especialmente sensibles frente al SARS-CoV-2 en las empresas de Cataluña en el contexto de pandemia
Authors: GTPSVTESSARS-CoV-2 Grupo de trabajo 
Published: April 2020

Objectius del document
Elaborar un document de consens professional de Medicina del Treball sobre la identificació i gestió, en un entorn de pandèmia, de:
les persones especialment vulnerables (PEV) davant la COVID-19 a les empreses,
els treballadors/res especialment sensibles (TES) enfront del risc laboral d’exposició al SARS-CoV-2 a les empreses,
que ajudi a prendre aquelles decisions mèdiques i laborals, ètiques, al voltant de les persones i la feina que són especialment complexes en moments de molta pressió i incertesa com els actuals de pandèmia pel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 i que contribueixin a conciliar els drets a la salut i a la feina dels treballadors/res, a complir amb les seves responsabilitats a les empreses i a garantir els serveis bàsics i essencials als ciutadans.
Emotional and Functional Speaker Attitudes towards Gagauz as an Endangered Language
Authors: DAĞDEVİREN KIRMIZI Gülin 
Published: April 2020

The Gagauz language spoken in the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia in Moldova is one of the endangered languages. This article aims to investigate the
Gagauz speakers’ attitudes towards the Gagauz, Russian and Moldovan languages. The results were analyzed on the basis of age, gender and the place of residence. It is seen that Gagauz speakers who are younger and living in cities have more positive functional attitudes towards the Russian language. On the other hand, the participants who are older and reside in villages have more positive emotional attitudes towards the Gagauz language.
Accurate infrared structured light sensing system for dynamic 3D acquisition
Authors: Ye Yuping , Chang Hongguang , Song Zhan , Zhao Juan 
Published: April 2020

3D real-time acquisition plays a vital role in computer graphics and computer vision. In this paper, we present a dynamic IR structured light sensing system with high resolution and accuracy for real-time 3D scanning. We adopt the Gray code combined with stripe shifting as our 3D acquisition’s coding strategy and parallelize the algorithm via the GPU in our IR 3D scanning system. Our built-up system can capture dense and high-precision 3D model sequences with a speed of 29 Hz. Furthermore, we propose a practical calibration method to obtain accurate calibration parameters for our system. Finally, various experiments are performed to verify the feasibility and accuracy of our proposed IR structured light sensing system.
Quantum-enhanced continuous-wave stimulated Raman scattering spectroscopy
Authors: de Andrade Rayssa B. , Kerdoncuff Hugo , Berg-Sørensen Kirstine , Gehring Tobias , Lassen Mikael , Andersen Ulrik L. 
Published: April 2020

Stimulated Raman spectroscopy has become a powerful tool to study the spatiodynamics of molecular bonds with high sensitivity, resolution, and speed. However, the sensitivity and speed of state-of-the-art stimulated Raman scattering spectroscopy are currently limited by the shot-noise of the light beam probing the Raman process. Here, we demonstrate in a proof-of-principle experiment an enhancement of the sensitivity of continuous-wave stimulated Raman spectroscopy by reducing the quantum noise of the probing light below the shot-noise limit by means of amplitude squeezed states of light. Probing polymer samples with Raman shifts around

2950

c
m

−
1

with squeezed states, we demonstrate a quantum enhancement of the stimulated Raman signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 3.60 dB relative to the shot-noise limited SNR. Our proof-of-concept demonstration of quantum-enhanced continuous-wave Raman spectroscopy paves the way for more elaborate demonstrations using state-of-the-art stimulated Raman scattering microscopes, and thus constitutes the very first step towards a new generation of Raman microscopes, where weak Raman transitions can be imaged without the use of markers or an increase in the total optical power.
Ulcerative Proctitis in a Patient With a History of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Clostridioides difficile Infection
Authors: Massaro Michael , Vansia Jhanvi , McGill Sarah 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) effectively treats Clostridioides difficile infection and alters the gut microbiota in the long term, but potential adverse effects are poorly understood. We report a man with a family history of ulcerative colitis who developed ulcerative proctitis within a year of FMT.
Using global observation protocols to inform research on teaching effectiveness and school improvement: Strengths and emerging limitations
Authors: Kelly Sean , Bringe Robert , Aucejo Esteban , Cooley Fruehwirth Jane 
Published: April 2020

An essential feature of many modern teacher observation protocols is their “global” approach to measuring instruction. Global protocols provide a summary evaluation of multiple domains of instruction from observers’ overall review of classroom processes. Although these protocols have demonstrated strengths, including their comprehensiveness and advanced state of development, in this analysis we argue that global protocols also have inherent limitations affecting both research use and applied school improvement efforts. Analyzing the Measures of Effective Teaching study data, we interrogate a set of five potential limitations of global protocols. We conclude by discussing fine-grained measures of instruction, including tools that rely on automated methods of observation, as an alternative with the potential to overcome many of the fundamental limitations of global protocols.