bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Extraction of Microseismic Ground Motion from Analog Seismograms for the Validation of Ocean-Climate Models
Authors: Lecocq Thomas , Ardhuin Fabrice , Collin Fabienne , Camelbeeck Thierry 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report on a pilot demonstration of the usefulness of analog seismograms to improve the database of ocean storms before the 1980s by providing additional data for the quantitative validation of ocean wave modeling, in particular for extreme events. We present a method for automatic digitization of paper seismograms to extract microseismic ground-motion periods and amplitudes. Each minute of the original paper records is scanned and vectorized. The amplitudes are calibrated based on the original metadata taken from official bulletins. The digitized time series is processed to extract power spectral densities, which are compared with modeled microseisms levels computed using a numerical ocean wave model. As a case study, we focus on one month of data recorded at the Royal Observatory of Belgium (ROB) from January to February 1953, around the “Big Flood” event, a tragic storm surge that flooded the lowlands of England, the Netherlands, and Belgium on 1 February 1953. The reconstructed spectrograms for the three components of ground motion show clear storm signatures that we relate to specific sources in the North Atlantic Ocean. However, our models of the Big Flood event based on these data do not result in the expected amplitudes as modeled compared to the observational data when the storm reached its maximum in the southern North Sea. We suggest that the source of microseisms recorded at ROB is related to the primary microseism generated in the North Sea, at periods of 7–8 s. Other discrepancies identified suggest small modifications of the source locations or energy. Reconstructed horizontal and vertical ground motions are coherent. This is a good news for the purpose of present-day analyses of constructing twentieth century ocean-climate models, especially as during much of that time only horizontal seismographs were installed at observatories.
Sensor Orientation of Iranian Broadband Seismic Stations from P-Wave Particle Motion
Authors: Braunmiller Jochen , Nabelek John , Ghods Abdolreza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Knowing the orientation of horizontal components of seismic sensors is important for many seismological applications such as waveform modeling, receiver function analysis, and shear-wave splitting. We determined the sensor orientations for broadband seismic stations belonging to the Iranian National Seismic Network (INSN) and the Iranian Seismological Center (IRSC) to enable such studies. For both networks, we have catalogs of event-based seismic waveforms of Iranian earthquakes. Sensor orientations were found by P-wave energy minimization on the transverse component and validated by long-period waveform modeling of events with well-constrained source parameters. We obtained stable sensor orientations for 28 (of 29) INSN sites and for 66 (of 92) IRSC sites. About 75% and 59% of all INSN and IRSC orientation estimates, respectively, are oriented within 15° of true north leaving many sites with largely misoriented sensors. We found temporally changing sensor orientations for 36 (of 121) sites.
Uma literatura nos trópicos: notas ao pé da página
Authors: Leal Cunha Eneida 
Published: April 2020

Como “notas ao pé da página”, o artigo retorna a Uma literatura nos trópicos e a seu mais célebre ensaio, “O entre-lugar do discurso latino-americano”, para articulá-los a uma sequência de ensaios posteriores publicados pelo autor Silviano Santiago, nos quais se reiteram e se desdobram os ímpetos do gesto crítico inaugural, desconstrutor, intempestivo e extemporâneo. Exploram-se, portanto, em trabalhos escritos entre 1972 e 2000, as operações de confronto com linearidade do argumento histórico, as leituras a contrapelo, as recuperações no arquivo colonial e a exploração dos nexos recalcados que sustentam e legitimam, no Brasil, hierarquias, violências, exclusões, racismos e a obliteração da palavra do Outro.
Borges: índoles da nacionalidade, problemas do nacionalismo
Authors: De Castro Pontes Newton 
Published: April 2020

A fim de compreender como a discussão sobre nacionalidade literária se expressou na produção de Jorge Luis Borges, este artigo analisa três diferentes ensaios escritos pelo autor argentino entre os anos 1920 e 1950 – “Queja de todo criollo” (1926), “Nuestro pobre individualismo” (1946) e “El escritor argentino y la tradición” (1953) –, nos quais são discutidos problemas relacionados ao nacionalismo na literatura argentina, especialmente questões sobre o criollismo, a poesia gauchesca (no que se destaca o épico Martín Fierro, de José Hernández) e as relações entre o escritor latino-americano e a tradição literária europeia. Para melhor entender a posição de Borges, recorremos também aos estudos de Antonio Candido (“Literatura e subdesenvolvimento”) e de Silviano Santiago (“O entre-lugar do discurso latino-americano”) sobre os problemas da imitação e da assimilação nas literaturas latino-americanas; por fim, apontamos em Machado de Assis, elementos precursores das discussões de Borges, tal como foram percebidos por Leyla Perrone-Moisés em “Machado de Assis e Borges: nacionalismo e cor local”.
Silviano, autor de Derrida
Authors: De Souza Eneida Maria 
Published: April 2020

Este ensaio pretende discorrer sobre o trajeto teórico da obra de Silviano Santiago, iniciada no artigo seminal “O entre-lugar do discurso latino-americano”, de 1971, presente no livro Uma literatura nos trópicos. Sem me deter no legado literário do escritor diante da cultura literária estrangeira, faço considerações sobre o diálogo mantido entre conceitos desenvolvidos pelo teórico nacional e os estrangeiros, a partir de um processo de montagem reflexiva sobre o entre-lugar. O procedimento visa não só a atualidade de uma leitura do conceito do ponto de vista anacrônico, não evolutivo, mas tenta apontar coincidências verificadas pelo autor entre outros pensadores, à medida que estas foram surgindo ao longo do tempo.
EXPLORING VOLITION IN PUBLIC SPEAKING CLASS AMONG THE ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDENTS IN SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ke Lomi Aplonia Nelci , Mbato Concilianus Laos 
Published: April 2020

Public speaking is frequently referred to as an anxiety-provoking activity. Volition is linked to individuals' willpower and persistence to face distraction in achieving particular goals. The aim of this study is exploring the volitional strategies used by English speaking class students and the factors that particularly influenced the students in dealing with the anxiety in public speaking. The participants are the 30 public speaking class students. This study used a questionnaire and interview as the instruments for data collection. The volitional strategies found in this study are split into two kinds: action control and emotion control strategies. The factors influencing students in learning public speaking revealed are inferiority or lack of self-esteem, audience pressures, the absence of preparation, references, vocabulary; and unpredictable examination. The researcher concluded that the students show high volitional stage with their own strategies to overcome anxiety and distractions in public speaking class. This research is undertaken to encourage EFL students to overcome their anxiety and fear in speaking English.
Gabriel Moreno González, Estabilidad presupuestaria y constitución: fundamentos teóricos y aplicación desde la Unión Europea
Authors: García Guijarro Pedro 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo reseña: Gabriel Moreno González, Estabilidad presupuestaria y constitución: fundamentos teóricos y aplicación desde la Unión Europea. Valencia. Tirant lo Blanch, 2019, 465 pp.
Martha C. Nussbaum, La monarquia del miedo: una mirada filosófica a la crisis política actual
Authors: Cardoso Onofre de Alencar Emanuela 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo reseña: Martha C. Nussbaum, La monarquia del miedo: una mirada filosófica a la crisis política actual. Barcelona. Paidós, 2019, 304 pp.
Cutaneous Endometriosis: A Differential Diagnosis of Umbilical Nodule
Authors: Batista Mariana , Alves Francisca , Cardoso José , Gonçalo Margarida 
Published: April 2020

Endometriosis is a chronic disorder characterized by the presence of ectopic functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and which affects about 10% of all women of reproductive age. Cutaneous endometriosis, usually localized in the abdominal wall, is a rare entity. We report the case of a nulliparous woman with an acute painful umbilical nodule that slowly increased in size during the days prior to observation. The lesion was surrounded by a painful periumbilical subcutaneous plaque. The patient denied associated constitutional symptoms and reported two similar episodes in the previous two years. A skin biopsy was performed, and histopathologic examination was consistent with the diagnosis of endometriosis. This article reviews this disease particularly rare in nulliparous and highlights the importance of recognizing this clinical presentation of endometriosis due to its frequent association with pelvic disease that can lead to reduced fertility.
Communication and Marketing Technologies of Territory Promotion: Forming Professional Market in Russia
Authors: Chechulin A. V. , Kuznecov A. L. , Grakhov V. P. , Perfil’eva M. B. 
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the paper is to analyze a market of territorial marketing as a special, significantly different from the commercial market in the post-Soviet space. Attempts to characterize this territorial marketing market in general have not yet been undertaken. The authors have set a task to answer questions about their understanding of the territorial marketing essence; nature of interest of any territories in general and post-Soviet territories, in particular, in the use of marketing tools in its strategic development; territorial marketing market structure – customers of such services on behalf of territories, research organizations, marketing, advertising, design and other organizations creating convenient marketing products, and furthermore means for advertisement positioning and organizations providing opportunities for special events in the interests of territories promotion. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the territorial marketing markets of a number of countries leading in the post-Soviet space which are not members of the European Union, an analysis of statistical data and expert surveys, the conclusions have been made: Russia occupies the leading place in this field - and in absolute criteria (budgets, territories need), and in quality of work. But in the recent years Kazakhstan is actively developing territorial marketing technologies and this country is ahead of Russia in a number of areas. It is important that the territorial marketing markets of Russia, Kazakhstan and other post-Soviet countries are not isolated from international ideas and market structures. The main developments for the Russian territories are based on the ideas and methodology of the British school of territorial marketing. Foreign marketing structures, primarily from Great Britain and the Netherlands almost always participate (and often win) in significant tenders for territories ordering being held in Russia and other CIS countries.
“Those women have hope in us and if you explain properly, they understand”: Health workers' views on factors affecting caregiver engagement with bubble CPAP
Authors: Salimu Sangwani , Kinshella Maggie , Marianne Marianne , Banda Mwai , Newberry Laura , Dube Queen , Molyneux Elizabeth M , Goldfarb David , Kawaza Kondwani , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Severe respiratory distress is a leading cause of mortality among neonates in Malawi. Despite evidence on the safety, cost effectiveness and efficacy of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in managing the condition, its use in Malawian health facilities is limited and little is known about health workers engagement with perspectives of bubble CPAP. The purpose of this study was to explore caregiver perspectives for bubble CPAP at both central and district hospitals and key factors that enable effective caregiver engagement in Malawi.
Methods
This was a descriptive qualitative study employing secondary analysis of 46 health care worker in-depth interviews. We interviewed the health workers about their thoughts on caregiver perspectives regarding use of bubble CPAP. We implemented the study at a tertiary facility and three district hospitals in southern Malawi. This was a part of a larger study to understand barriers and facilitators to implementing neonatal innovations in resource-constrained hospitals. Interviews were thematically analysed in NVivo 12 software (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia). Health workers were purposively selected to include nurses, clinicians and district health management involved in the use of bubble CPAP.
Results
Emerging issues included caregiver fears around bubble CPAP equipment as potentially harmful to their new-borns and how inadequate information provided to caregivers exacerbated knowledge gaps and was associated with refusal of care. However, good communication between health care providers and caregivers was associated with acceptance of care. Caregivers’ decision-making was influenced by relatives and peer advocates were helpful in supporting caregivers and alleviating fears or misconceptions about bubble CPAP.
Conclusions
Since caregivers turn to relatives and peers for support, there is need to ensure that both relatives and peers are counselled on bubble CPAP for improved understanding and uptake. Health workers need to provide simplified, accurate, up-to-date information on the intervention as per caregivers’ level of understanding. Notably, contextualised comprehensible information will help alleviate caregivers’ fear and anxieties about bubble CPAP.
Key words : bubble CPAP, neonates, caregiver, perspectives, peers, Malawi
3D Electrode Array for Single-cell selectivity in Visual Prosthesis
Authors: Villarreal Diego Lujan , Krautschneider Wolfgang H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Visual prostheses electrically stimulate nearby neurons to generate artificial vision in patients blinded by retinal degenerative diseases. Current prosthetic devices offer limited spatial resolution that results in unselective stimulation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This can be understood as a falling short of visual prosthesis to generate a complete visual scene with detail perception. In this report, the 3D linear electrode carrier is introduced. Our analysis develops a proof of principle to identify the usefulness of the 3D array to activate selectively single RGCs using small electrode size at the highest-density cell.Methods : A simulation framework was built by locating the 3D linear electrode carrier with the highest-density cell. Stimulation of the 3D carrier is implemented at horizontal meridian in the superior retina within the region of 1 mm away from the fovea centralis. Stimulation in that space is needed for critical functions such as object recognition, reading, and driving. The simulation framework obeyed the RGC density and distribution, ganglionic layer thickness, vertical distribution and cell diameter at the fovea. To verify RGC electrical stimulation, the relevant retinal interface elements and dynamics of the voltage-gated ionic channels were integrated into a 3D computational model in COMSOL Multiphysics.Results : the distribution of stimulus from a single active electrode to ground generates a volume of stimulation equivalent to the volume contained by a single RGC at the highest-density cell. Sensitive retinal tissue is safeguarded from electrochemical reactions caused by excessive charge density, the formation of corrosion and neural tissue heating since the advanced technology of the 3D array injects low thresholds for effective stimulation.Conclusions : The 3D electrode array can provide a safe stimulus to enhance visual resolution that can be delivered by +1000 electrodes. This is required in humans for activities where visual detail is of primary importance and thus relevant for high-resolution vision. The 3D electrode array reveals small proximities of electrodes to cells for activation. This is of an advantage for cells located near and very-deep in the ganglion layer because low thresholds are injected to the electrodes producing a well-defined localization of stimulus, an independent activation that targets single RGCs and a safe stimulus.
The oncometabolite R-2-hydroxyglutarate produced by mutant IDH dysregulates the differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells and induces DNA hypermethylation
Authors: Liu Lizhen , Hu Kaimin , Feng Jingjing , Wang Huafang , Fu Shan , Wang Binsheng , Wang Limengmeng , Xu Yulin , Yu Xiaohong , Huang He 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) gene mutations are the most frequently observed mutations in cartilaginous tumors. The mutant IDH causes elevation in the levels of R-enantiomer of 2-hydroxylglutarate (R-2HG). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are reasonable precursor cell candidates of cartilaginous tumors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oncometabolite R-2HG on MSCs.Methods: Human bone marrow MSCs treated with or without R-2HG at concentrations 0.1 to 1.5mM were used for experiments. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to detect the proliferation of MSCs. To determine the effects of R-2HG on MSC differentiation, cells were cultured in osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic medium. Specific staining approaches were performed and differentiation-related genes were quantified. Furthermore, DNA methylation status was explored by Infinium 450 K arrays. Real-time PCR was applied to examine the signaling component mRNAs involved in.Results: R-2HG showed no influence on the proliferation of human MSCs. R-2HG blocked osteogenic differentiation, whereas promoted adipogenic differentiation of MSCs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, R-2HG inhibited chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, but increased the expression of genes related to chondrocyte hypertrophy in a lower concentration (1.0 mM). Moreover, R-2HG induced a pronounced DNA hypermethylation state of MSCs. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling as the most enriched signaling pathway. Further data indicated that R-2HG decreased the mRNA levels of Shh and Gli1, indicating Shh signaling inhibition.Conclusions: The oncometabolite R-2HG dysregulated the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs possibly via induction of DNA hypermethylation, improving the role of R-2HG in cartilaginous tumor development.
Exploring what constitutes effective continued healthcare professional training: A qualitative study and the development of a training intervention component taxonomy.
Authors: Perryman Katherine , Cordingley Lis , Bundy Christine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Continued healthcare professional training can lead to improvements in patient care if delivered effectively but there is a lack of research exploring the key factors that underpin successful training. The aims of this research were to first identify what healthcare professionals and experts in training/behaviour change perceive to be effective training, second to produce a framework for delivering training optimised for effectiveness, and third create a taxonomy of training intervention components to be used for designing, reporting and evaluating healthcare professional training. Methods Two semi-structured qualitative interview studies were conducted: Study 1 participants were 18 healthcare professionals who had attended training to implement collaborative care for the management of depression and anxiety in patients with long term conditions; Study 2 participants were 16 experts in training or behaviour change. Data were analysed using framework analyses. A preliminary framework of what constitutes effective training was developed from Study 1 data, then tested and adapted using Study 2 data. Intervention components identified as effective by participants in both studies were defined and grouped to form a taxonomy of training intervention components. They were mapped onto 38 intervention descriptions to assess breadth of coverage. Results Three core concepts (interpersonal, intrapersonal and system factors) and five themes (social interaction, credibility, relevance, information processing, practicalities) that captured what participants perceived to underpin effective training were identified. These were organised into the Perceived Effectiveness of Training framework. A list of training components linked to each theme was developed from the data and a taxonomy of 171 defined training intervention components organized into three phases and grouped into clusters was developed. Conclusions This research identified key attributes that constitute effective training as perceived by a sample of healthcare professionals and experts in training/behaviour change. The framework can be used to design and deliver training that is optimised for effectiveness, or as a basis for training evaluation. The taxonomy can be used as a resource to identify effective training components and offers a common language to describe training interventions. Future research may be useful to further explore in what contexts these components are most effective.
Decreased salivary lactoferrin levels are specific to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: González-Sánchez Marta , Bartolome Fernando , Antequera Desiree , Puertas-Martín Veronica , González Pilar , Gómez-Grande Adolfo , Llamas-Velasco Sara , Martín Alejandro Herrero San , Pérez-Martínez David , Villarejo-Galende Alberto , Atienza Mercedes , Palomar Miriam , Cantero Jose Luis , Perry George , Orive Gorka , Ibañez Borja , Bueno Hector , Fuster Valentin , Carro Eva 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Efforts focused on developing new less invasive biomarkers for early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis are substantial. Evidences of infectious pathogens in AD brains may suggest a deteriorated innate immune system in AD pathophysiology. We previously demonstrated reduced salivary levels of Lf in AD patients, one of the major antimicrobial peptides.

Methods

To assess the clinical utility of salivary Lf for AD diagnosis, we examine the relationship between salivary Lf and cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) load in two different cross-sectional cohorts including patients with different neurodegenerative disorders. Study participants for cohort 1 (n = 116) were enrolled from the 12 de Octubre University Hospital Neurology Service in Madrid (Spain) and Pablo de Olavide University in Sevilla (Spain). Study participants for cohort 2 (n = 142) were enrolled as part of the Atherobrain - Heart to Head (H2H) project. Participants underwent neurological and neuropsychological examination, saliva sampling, and amyloid-Positron-Emission Tomography (PET) neuroimaging.

Results

The diagnostic performance of salivary Lf in the cohort 1 had an area under the curve [AUC] of 0.95 (0.911-0.992) for the differentiation of the prodromal AD/AD group positive for amyloid-PET (PET + ) versus healthy group, and 0.97 (0.924-1) versus the frontotemporal dementia (FTD) group. In the cohort 2, salivary Lf had also an excellent diagnostic performance in the health control group versus prodromal AD comparison: AUC 0.93 (95% CI 0.876-0.989). Salivary Lf detected prodromal AD and AD dementia distinguishing them from other dementias as FTD with over 87% sensitivity and 91% specificity.

Conclusion

Therefore, salivary Lf seems to have a very good diagnostic performance to detect AD. Our findings support the possible utility of salivary Lf as a new non-invasive and cost-effective AD biomarker.