bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Thickening Factor Treatment on Predictions of Spray Flame Properties Using the ATF Model and Tabulated Chemistry
Authors: Dressler L. , Sacomano Filho F. L. , Sadiki A. , Janicka J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDifferent strategies to account for the heat and mass transfer between liquid droplets and their carrier phase within the Artificially Thickened Flame (ATF) approach are analyzed and compared. Herein, two approaches are introduced to take into account the droplet movement relative to the thickened flame front orientation. While the first approach achieves this behavior through scalar modifications in the droplet temperature and mass evolution equations, the second one introduces a trajectory modification within the thickened flame front. Both approaches, referred to as projection and refraction correction, are first compared to state of the art methods in a simplified two-dimensional configuration, and then in a complex turbulent spray flame. The investigated spray flame corresponds to the operating condition EtF6 of the Sydney Spray Burner.
The analysis showed that: (1) A consideration of a simplified configuration is insufficient to fully uncover the performance of the different approaches. (2) While the proposed approaches performed best in the two-dimensional configuration, only the projection method outperforms the remaining ones in the turbulent spray flame. (3) The formulation to consider the flame thickening has a strong effect on global flame properties, combustion regime distribution as well as carrier and liquid phase statistics.
Hemocompatible LAT1-inhibitor can induce apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting brain amino acid homeostasis
Authors: Markowicz-Piasecka Magdalena , Huttunen Johanna , Montaser Ahmed , Huttunen Kristiina M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIncreased amounts of amino acids are essential for cancer cells to support their sustained growth and survival. Therefore, inhibitors of amino acid transporters, such as l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) have been developed. In this study, a previously reported LAT1-inhibitor (KMH-233) was studied for its hemocompatibility and toxicity towards human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). Furthermore, the cytotoxic effects against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and its ability to affect mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling were evaluated. Moreover, the effects of this inhibitor to modulate LAT1 function on the cell surface and the brain amino acid homeostasis were evaluated after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of LAT1-inhibitor (23 µmol/kg) in mice. The results showed that LAT1-inhibitor (KMH-233) is hemocompatible at concentrations below 25 µM and it does not affect coagulation in plasma. However, it can reduce the total protein amount of mTOR and NF-κB, resulting in increased apoptosis in LAT1-expressing cancer cells. Most importantly, the inhibitor did not affect mouse brain levels of l-Leu, l-Tyr or l-Trp or modulate the function of LAT1 on the MCF-7 cell surface. Therefore, this inhibitor can be considered as a safe but effective anti-cancer agent. However, due to the compensative mechanism of cancer cells for their increased amino acid demand, this compound is most effective inducing apoptosis when used in combinations with other chemotherapeutics, such as protease inhibitor, bestatin, as demonstrated in this study.
Thermal Stratification Effects on Turbulence and Dispersion in Internal and External Boundary Layers
Authors: Sessa Vincenzo , Xie Zheng-Tong , Herring Steven 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA synthetic-turbulence and temperature-fluctuation-generation method is developed and embedded in large-eddy simulations to investigate the effects of weak stable stratification (i.e. Richardson number $$Ri\le 1$$Ri≤1) on turbulence and dispersion following a simulated rural-to-urban transition. The modelling approach is validated by comparing predictions of mean velocity, turbulent stresses, and point-source dispersion against data from a wind-tunnel experiment that simulates a stable atmospheric boundary layer ($$Ri=0.21$$Ri=0.21) approaching a regular array of uniform rectangular blocks. The depth of the internal boundary layer (IBL) that develops from the leading edge of the block array is determined using the wall-normal turbulent stress method proposed by Sessa et al. (J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 182:189–291, 2018). This shows that the depth and growth rate of the IBL are sensitive to the thermal stability and the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) prescribed at the inlet, such that the IBL depth reduces as the TKE of the inflow is reduced while maintaining the same Ri, or as the Ri is increased while maintaining the same inflow TKE. When a ground level line source is introduced it is found that increasing Ri evidently reduces the vertical scalar fluxes at the canopy height, while increasing the mean concentrations within the streets. Furthermore, as with IBL development it is found that for a given value of Ri the effect of stratification becomes more pronounced as the inflow level of TKE is reduced, affecting scalar fluxes within and above the canopy, and volume-averaged mean concentrations within the streets.
Social Prescribing for Individuals Living with Mental Illness in an Australian Community Setting: A Pilot Study
Authors: Aggar Christina , Thomas Tamsin , Gordon Christopher , Bloomfield Jacqueline , Baker James 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSocial prescribing, also known as “community referral”, is a means of referring individuals living in the community to existing local non-clinical health, welfare, and social support services. International evidence demonstrates that social prescribing improves biopsychosocial quality of life, and burden on health services. Australia’s first social prescribing pilot program for individuals with mental illness (mood and psychotic spectrum disorders) was implemented in Sydney in 2016/2017; this study evaluates that program. Participants included 13 adults who were assessed at baseline and six-month follow-up. Outcomes included self-perceived quality of life, welfare needs, health status, loneliness, social participation, and economic participation. Results indicate significant improvements in quality of life and health status. This pilot program demonstrates that social prescribing may improve participant outcomes. It fits well within Australian health policy and funding models which focus on bolstering community care, and may be scalable, particularly in geographically isolated communities.
Digital platforms and responsible innovation: expanding value sensitive design to overcome ontological uncertainty
Authors: de Reuver Mark , van Wynsberghe Aimee , Janssen Marijn , van de Poel Ibo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that the characteristics of digital platforms challenge the fundamental assumptions of value sensitive design (VSD). Traditionally, VSD methods assume that we can identify relevant values during the design phase of new technologies. The underlying assumption is that there is onlyepistemic uncertaintyabout which values will be impacted by a technology. VSD methods suggest that one can predict which values will be affected by new technologies by increasing knowledge about how values are interpreted or understood in context. In contrast, digital platforms exhibit a novel form of uncertainty, namely,ontological uncertainty: even with full information and overview, it cannot be foreseen what users or developers will do with digital platforms. Hence, predictions about which values are affected might not hold. In this paper, we suggest expanding VSD methods to account for value dynamism resulting from ontological uncertainty. Our expansions involve (1) extending VSD to the entire lifecycle of a platform, (2) broadening VSD through the addition of reflexivity, i.e. second-order learning about what values to aim at, and (3) adding specific tools of moral sandboxing and moral prototyping to enhance such reflexivity. While we illustrate our approach with a short case study about ride-sharing platforms such as Uber, our approach is relevant for other technologies exhibiting ontological uncertainty as well, such as machine learning, robotics and artificial intelligence.
Approach for Selecting and Integrating Cloud Services to Construct Hybrid Cloud
Authors: Park Joonseok , Kim Ungsoo , Yun Donggyu , Yeom Keunhyuk 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the popularization of cloud computing, various cloud services have emerged, and hybrid clouds that can take advantage of combining public and private clouds are attracting attention. However, because of their variety, determining a combination of cloud services suited to the user’s current environment and requirements is expensive when deploying a hybrid cloud. Even if the required services are available, there is a lack of tools to connect them, manage them in batches, and utilize the integrated environment. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a cloud selection and integration process (C-SIP), which selects and integrates a combination of cloud services through a hybrid cloud service broker (hybrid CSB), which is an automation solution supporting hybrid cloud deployment. Moreover, the proposed method is realized using a script including the application programming interface of each cloud service. The proposed C-SIP will be used as a core approach toward the hybrid CSB, which is expected to facilitate the introduction of hybrid clouds and the acquisition of cloud strategies.
A liberal higher education for all? The massification of higher education and its implications for graduates’ participation in civil society
Authors: Evans Ceryn , Rees Gareth , Taylor Chris , Fox Stuart 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn recent years, questions about the purpose of higher education (HE) have come to the fore as HE tuition fees have escalated both in the UK and internationally. The extent to which universities provide students with opportunities for developing skills needed not only for future employment but participation in civic life has become an important contemporary issue. Drawing on interviews with 29 graduates from three distinct types of UK higher education institutions (HEIs) (‘elite,’ ‘old’ and ‘new’), the paper explores the extent to which the pedagogical experiences provided by these different institutions offer students the sorts of experiences and skills needed for later civic participation. Our analyses suggest that the pedagogical arrangements in these institutions are highly differentiated and provide varying opportunities for developing civic skills. Whilst this potentially has significant implications for the cultivation of students’ civic skills and participation in civil society, we argue that civic participation is not so much determined by pedagogic or disciplinary cultures but is located on the intersection of ranging personal and social circumstances and pedagogic experiences.
Enhanced Sub-wavelength Focusing by Double-Sided Lens with Phase Correction in THz Range
Authors: Rachon M. , Liebert K. , But D. B. , Zagrajek P. , Siemion A. , Kolodziejczyk A. , Sypek M. , Suszek J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHigh capacity radio lines operating in the sub-THz and THz ranges often require very efficient optical elements with a focal length to an aperture diameter ratio—f-number—less than 1. Here, we propose a new type of double-sided sub-THz focusing diffractive optical element with f-number equal to 0.2, designed for quasi-monochromatic illumination with carrier frequency equal to 170 GHz. The element is manufactured by 3D printing technology. Its focal spot diameter defined as the Airy disc size is comparable to the used wavelength. In order to optimize numerically the phase distribution on the anterior side of the structure, we proposed a novel idea based on reversal of phase distribution in outer zones with additional constant phase factor (a method called free form phase distribution, FFPD). Moreover, we applied the modified numerical algorithm to obtain an additional phase correction in a form of a corrective kinoform placed on the posterior side of the diffractive system. The resulted diffractive structure, illuminated by a quasi-plane wave, forms an extremely small focal spot. The paper presents the technical and the theoretical backgrounds, the results of the computer simulations and finally the experimental results.
Love of Neighbor During a Pandemic: Navigating the Competing Goods of Religious Gatherings and Physical Health
Authors: VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn light of the present pandemic, many religious communities have been asked to suspend their services and meetings. From the perspective of these communities, this comes at considerable cost to the spiritual good that these religious services bring about. Empirical evidence also indicates that the suspension of these services will have costs concerning physical and mental health as well. However, in the case of a pandemic, because it is an infectious disease that is the concern, love of neighbor arguably does entail the suspension of services for the sake of the preservation of life for others. Religious communities and individuals can, and have, found ways to partially offset the losses from not being able to meet. These have included increased personal and family prayer and devotion, video-streaming of services, and online prayer and discussion meetings. While none of these fully compensates for the loss of in-person meetings, the sacrifice entailed may itself be seen as a means to greater love of God and love of neighbor.
The Sooner the Better: The Arguments for the Use of Extended Welfare Assessment Grids in Animal Welfare Cases
Authors: Dunn Rachel Ann 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAnimals are protected under national animal welfare legislation, against intentional acts of cruelty and a failure to act, resulting in neglect and causing an animal to suffer. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) bears the responsibility of investigating and prosecuting the majority of animal welfare offences in England and Wales. In recent years, how they operate has been criticised, and it has been debated whether they should be able to bring private prosecutions, and what their role should actually be. This criticism calls for a change in the way in which the RSPCA approach cases of animal welfare, to strengthen their continuing role in ensuring positive animal welfare is achieved and, where not, prosecuted. This paper outlines the need for a new approach and how it can be managed. Honess and Wolfensohn (Altern Lab Anim 38:205, 2010) have developed an Extended Welfare Assessment Grid (EWAG), a visualisation mapping tool of welfare impact, which has been useful for assessing the welfare of animals used in laboratories. This tool has proven so useful, veterinarians are now using it in veterinary hospitals to help assess whether an animal is likely to further deteriorate, due to disease and illness, and to show any short-term welfare impact on the animal (Williams in UFAW conference, Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018). This paper will explore the potential for the EWAG to be adapted to assess the welfare of animals when owners are not meeting the welfare needs of their companion animals. RSPCA can use it to support their assessments of the current welfare of an animal under a person’s ownership and whether the animal’s welfare will deteriorate should they remain under that ownership. The EWAG will be a useful tool for those working in animal welfare, such as the RSPCA, to help organisations to intervene earlier, work in partnership with an owner, and support their claims of a risk to animal welfare.
Livelihood and vulnerability in the wake of Typhoon Yolanda: lessons of community and resilience
Authors: Eadie Pauline , Atienza Maria Ela , Tan-Mullins May 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLivelihood strategies that are crafted in ‘extra-ordinary’ post-disaster conditions should also be able to function once some semblance of normalcy has resumed. This article aims to show that the vulnerability experienced in relation to Typhoon Yolanda was, and continues to be, directly linked to inadequate livelihood assets and opportunities. We examine the extent to which various livelihood strategies lessened vulnerability post-Typhoon Yolanda and argue that creating conditions under which disaster survivors have the freedom to pursue sustainable livelihood is essential in order to foster resilience and reduce vulnerability against future disasters. We offer suggestions to improve future relief efforts, including suggestions made by the survivors themselves. We caution against rehabilitation strategies that knowingly or unknowingly, resurrect pre-disaster vulnerability. Strategies that foster dependency, fail to appreciate local political or ecological conditions or undermine cooperation and cohesion in already vulnerable communities will be bound to fail. Some of the livelihood strategies that we observed post-Typhoon Yolanda failed on some or all of these points. It is important for future policy that these failings are addressed.
Lotus corniculatus-rhizobia symbiosis under Ni, Co and Cr stress on ultramafic soil
Authors: Sujkowska-Rybkowska Marzena , Kasowska Dorota , Gediga Krzysztof , Banasiewicz Joanna , Stępkowski Tomasz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsUltramafic/serpentine soils constitute a stressful environment with many plant growth constrains such as a lack of macronutrients and high levels of potentially toxic metals. We considered the adaptive strategy ofLotus corniculatusL.-rhizobia symbiosis to Ni, Co and Cr stress conditions.MethodsL. corniculatusnodulating rhizobia from ultramafic soil were isolated, identified and tested for nitrogen fixation, metal tolerance and plant growth promoting abilities. The structural and immunocytochemical analyses of root nodules were also performed.ResultsThe isolates effective in nitrogen fixation were identified asRhizobiumandMesorhizobiumtolerant to Ni, Co, and Cr. Some strains directly promoted root growth ofL. corniculatusand non-legumeArabidopsis thalianaunder metal stress. The metal treated nodules showed structural alternations, i.e. enhanced accumulation of phenols and wall thickening with higher cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, glycoproteins and callose content.ConclusionsOur results revealed that metal tolerant, growth promoting rhizobacteria inhabitingL. corniculatusroot nodules may improve plant growth in the ultramafic environment. Accumulation of phenols and reorganization of nodule apoplast can counteract harmful effects of Ni, Co and Cr on the symbiosis. These findings imply thatL. corniculatus-rhizobia symbiosis is an important element of plant adaptation to metal stress occurring on the ultramafic soils.
Health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced melanoma receiving immunotherapies in real-world clinical practice settings
Authors: Joseph Richard W. , Liu Frank Xiaoqing , Shillington Alicia C. , Macahilig Cynthia P. , Diede Scott J. , Dave Vaidehi , Harshaw Qing , Saretsky Todd L. , Pickard Alan Simon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) and ipilimumab + nivolumab (IPI + NIVO) are approved advanced melanoma (AM) immunotherapies. To address limited health-related quality of life (QoL) real-world evidence with immunotherapies in AM, we compared QoL in AM patients receiving either treatment in clinical practice.

Methods
A prospective US observational study enrolled adult AM patients initiating first-line PEMBRO or IPI + NIVO between June 2017 and March 2018. Endpoints included the QLQ-C30 global health score (GHS) and EuroQol visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) scores. Mean changes were compared using repeated measures mixed-effects models and are presented covariate adjusted.

Results
225 PEMBRO and 187 IPI + NIVO patients were enrolled. From baseline through week 24, PEMBRO was associated with 3.2 mean GHS score increase (95% CI 0.5, 5.9; p = .02), while no change was observed with IPI + NIVO; 0.2 (95% CI − 2.6, 3.0; p = 0.87). Among objective treatment-responders, GHS scores associated with PEMBRO increased 6.0 (95% CI 3.1, 8.8; p < .0001); IPI + NIVO patients increased 3.8 (95% CI 0.8, 6.9; p = .01). In treatment non-responders, IPI + NIVO was associated with GHS/QoL deterioration of − 3.7 (95% CI − 6.8, − 0.6; p = .02), PEMBRO non-responders demonstrated no change; 0.7 (95% CI − 2.3, 3.7; p = 0.6). Between treatments, PEMBRO patients increased 2.6 greater in EQ-VAS (95% CI 0.6, 4.5; p = .01) vs IPI + NIVO at 24 weeks.

Conclusions
PEMBRO was associated with better 24-week QoL compared to IPI + NIVO in actual clinical practice settings. Real-world data has known limitations, but with further confirmation these results may have implications for treatment selection.
Contextualising the Notion of Context in Jurilinguistic Studies
Authors: Więcławska Edyta 
Published: May 2020

AbstractContext is a notion that is commonly invoked in many linguistic studies, either with very general reference or, more specifically, in the light of one of a number of research approaches which assign distinct definitions to context, ranging from factors that can be recovered from a text, through social parameters serving as an index for the appropriation of discursive performance, to factors that bring texts into being and give them meaning. This exploratory and descriptive research problematises the notion of context specifically on the grounds of English/Polish translation of corporate documentation processed in company registration proceedings, touching upon factors that are presumed to be discursively relevant in this communicative situation. The study is conducted from the perspective of the sociocultural approach and it adopts the parallel corpus methodology. The author discusses the concept of context on the ground of legal communication and secondarily presents a corpus-based description of the context categories that are idiosyncratic and potentially discursively relevant for the said communicative situation in the cross-linguistic perspective. The contextual variation is tested for its capacity to affect translation performance. The results reveal specific tendencies as regards the distribution patterns in the values corresponding to the investigated context categories. They point to some divergencies in translation output caused by the source text variantivity and they pave the way and directions for further research. Already at this stage the findings may have significant pedagogical value and they constitute a solid starting point for sociolinguistic research on discourse variantivity.
A Lean Six Sigma framework for the insurance industry: insights and lessons learned from a case study
Authors: Sandner Kai , Sieber Sebastian , Tellermann Marleen , Walthes Frank 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt has long been recognized in the literature that the Lean and Six Sigma methodologies can complement each other fruitfully. So far, however, researchers have not been able to derive definitive conclusions on how to combine these methods; furthermore, there is little research on how to apply them to service firms. We develop a framework for integrating Lean and Six Sigma instruments in the service industry, particularly in the insurance sector, and discuss it in the context of the insights we gained from a large-scale project carried out at a large German insurance company. We show how various instruments drawn from these two methodologies can be (a) adapted to the insurance industry and (b) combined productively to enable a company to achieve its strategy and goals. The conclusions we draw from these insights can help a wide range of companies customize the combination of the Lean and Six Sigma approaches to suit their specific needs.