bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Modified Jackfruit (Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Starch on the Properties of Poly Lactic Acid
Authors: Abdullah Nur Amira Sahirah , Wahab Mohamad Kahar Ab 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work investigates the effect of the modified jackfruit seed starch with silane coupling agent on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA). Jackruit seed starch will converted into thermoplastic like in the presence of glycerol as plasticizer. The physicochemical properties and thermal stability of the native and modified jackfruit seed starch blends with PLA were comparatively investigated. The structural changes after modification was analyzed by using Fourier Transmission Infra-red technique. Its confirmed the successful of the silane treatment from the newly peak observed at 1020 cm−1 and 1105 cm−1 for Si-O-Si and starch-O-Si bonds, respectively. For tensile strength, the value shows slightly decrese with the increasing of jackfruit seeds starch content. However the tensile properties for silane treatment shows the better improvement as compared to untreated counterpart. In the case of plasticized jackfruit seed starch, the elongation at break value increase with filler loading due to the ductile behavior of the blends system. The modification of the starch with silane coupling agent gives better interfacial adhesion between starch and PLA matrix while the glycerol gives the ductility and hydrophobicity to the starch and gives better elongation at break for the PLA/starch blends. The thermal stability of the silane treated PLA/starch blends was also improved as compared to the native PLA/starch blends.
Effect of Photoetching Process onto Immobilized PANI/TiO2Films Towards Photocatalytic Degradation of RR2 dye
Authors: Razak Sharin , Salleh Nazry , Nawawi Wan Izhan , Natar Nadiah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) and P-25 Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was fabricated as immobilized P-25TiO2/PANI/ENR/PVC film and reported on the photocatalytic study. PANI and TiO2was immersed into the organic solvent and being coated onto glass plates under influenced of ENR/PVC polymeric binder by using a dip-coating method. It was found that, the removal of RR2 dye nearly good as suspension system after the pre-irradiation process. Based on COD and BET results, it showed that the optimum time of etching process was 7 hours irradiation time. This pre-irradiation process enhanced the removal of dye due to leached out of excessive binder and also exhibit visible light active after insertion of PANI into the immobilized system.
Low temperature prepared N doped TiO2 photodegradation of janus green B
Authors: Othman Siti Aisyah , Zainon Siti Nurjannah , Abdullah Mohd Fauzi , Nawawi Wan Izhan , Ikhwan Syahirul , Razak Sharin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
N doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared under low temperature calcination of TiO2 Degussa P25 powder and urea at various mixing ratios. Muffle furnace was used as heating media with the temperature used in the range of 300 to 500 °C. The prepared N doped TiO2 was characterized by using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that N doped TiO2 prepared at 0.5 g urea under the 400 °C calcination process (named as U2-400) is the optimum photocatalyst sample with the highest rate removal of Janus green B (JG) dye. The U2-400 had goes the photodegradation rate removal at 0.1071 min−1 where it is 3.5 times faster compared to unmodified TiO2 sample. The high photodegradation rate removal for U2-400 was due to the N incorporated with TiO2 in U2-400 photocatalyst which narrowed the bandgap energy from 3.2 to 3.0 eV as observed by UV-Vis DRS spectra. This shows the U2-400 sample has increased its photocatalytic activity since it has become more active under wider an optical response compared to the unmodified TiO2
Optimization of Injection Moulding Processing Parameters for LDPE/RH Composites Tensile Strength Through Full Factorial Experiment
Authors: Jaya Haliza , Zulkepli Nik Noriman , Omar Mohd Firdaus , Rahim Shayfull Zamree Abd , Halim Khairul Anwar Abdul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Optimal process setting implementation critically influences productivity, quality, and cost of production in the injection moulding industry. Precedently, trial and error method were the most common method for the production engineers to identify the optimal process parameter setting. Inappropriate injection moulding parameter settings can lead to poor production and quality. This paper presents a statistical technique on the optimization of injection moulding process parameters through Design of Experiments method. In this study, an understanding of the injection moulding process and consequently its optimization is carried out by Design of Experiment method based on three parameters (melt temperature, packing pressure, and cooling time) which influence the tensile strength of rice husk reinforced low density polyethylene composites. Statistical results and analysis are used to provide better interpretation of the experiment. The models are form from analysis of variance and the model passed the tests for normality and independence assumptions.
The Correlation between Palm Shell Char Properties and the Production of Metallic Iron in EAF Steelmaking Slag Reduction Reaction
Authors: Ismail Anis Nadhirah , Yunos Nur Farhana M. , Sri Raj Rajeswari M. , Idris M. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Palm shells wastes generated from oil palm processing are in abundance in landfills every year thereby posing environmental problems. Enormous amount of wastes generated by agro-industry has previously studied as carbon source in steelmaking hence providing solution to environmental problems. This paper studied on the conversion of palm shell waste into carbon material via physical and chemical activation method for metallic iron extraction. Physical char was prepared by pyrolyzed in nitrogen atmosphere at 450ºC while chemical char was impregnated in phosphoric acid before pyrolyzed. Composite pellets of EAF slag (43.18 %Fe2O3) with physical and chemical char were rapidly heated at temperature 1550ºC within 20 minutes under argon flow. All reduced samples were analyzed on the weight loss, degree of reduction, iron recovery and phase analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that chemical/slag showed higher weight loss (38.8%) and excellent degree of reduction (29.94%) compared to physical/slag due to higher volatile matter content (9.8%) and larger surface area (562.14m2/g). It was found that the production of metallic iron particles after the reduction process and indicated that chemical char achieved higher iron recovery (15.48%) compared to physical char due to higher total carbon content (60.28%). XRD and Rietveld refinement analysis confirmed that the iron phase was a major component in metallic iron particles for physical/slag and chemical/slag samples. This elucidated that the iron oxides in EAF slag was completely reduced into iron by using palm shell chars as carbon materials. This finding indicates that palm shell chars potentially act as carbon materials in steelmaking applications according to their good characteristics.
Phase formation and microstructure analyses of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ-BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O2.95composite material prepared by solid state mixing method
Authors: Samat Abdullah Abdul , Pisor Muhammad Syafiq Amsyar Ahmad , Tajudin Meor Ahmad Faris Meor Ahmad , Nawi Mohd Al-Hafiz Mohd , Darus Murizam , Osman Nafisah , Baharuddin Nurul Akidah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA composite material of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ-BaCe0.54Zr0.36Y0.1O2.95(LSC-BCZY) was prepared by mixing sol-gel derived LSC and BCZY powders in different weight percentage (wt%) ratio of LSC to BCZY (LSC:BCZY). The prepared composite powders were denoted as S1 (30:70), S2 (50:50) and S3 (70:30). The powders were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and porosity analyzer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer. XRD analysis confirmed that all of the powders were not pure enough due to the presence of impurity phases such as barium carbonate (BaCO3) and strontium carbonate (SrCO3) and unknown phases. S1 powder has the highest amount of impurity phases (81.19 %) and the largest BET surface area (4.82 m2g−1). All of the powders formed typical clump-like network structure as proven by SEM analysis. EDX analysis revealed that the elemental compositions of La, Sr and Zr were deviated from their nominal mole fractions in all powders due to the Zr-rich clusters formation. The results indicate that the formation of pure and homogenous LSC-BCZY composite powder prepared by solid state mixing method requires further modification and improvement of the preparation method.
Tin and germanium substitution in lead free perovskite solar cell: current status and future trends
Authors: Azhari Ayu Wazira , Then Faith Shi Xin , Halin Dewi Suriyani Che , Sepeai Suhaila , Ludin Norasikin Ahmad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Tin and germanium-based perovskite solar cell is gaining interest in lead-free perovskite solar cells as it is less toxic as compared to lead but possess almost all the characteristics of a perfect solar cell materials. Within 5 years, the reported efficiency of tin-based solar cells has increased from 6.4% to 9%. Although facing with stability issues as it is easily oxidised in ambient air, several studies have proven that the stability issues can be reduced. One of it is by using cesium as the ‘A’ cation. On the other hand, although studies on germanium-based perovskite solar cells are rarely conducted, promising results are shown when it is alloyed with tin producing narrower bandgaps and better stability owing to the protection of the GeO2 surface layer.
Preliminary study on the effect of Ni addition on tin (Sn) whisker growth from lead-free solder coating
Authors: Hashim Aimi Noorliyana , Salleh Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd , Ramli Muhammad Mahyiddin , Yee Khor Chu , Mokhtar Noor Zaimah Mohd 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
It has been widely confirmed that alloying significantly can mitigate the formation of tin (Sn) whiskers and consequently became a possible candidate as a lead-free alloys coating material in the microelectronics industry. In this study, the effect of 0.05 wt.% Ni addition on the formation and growth of Sn whisker in Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings have been investigated under continuous mechanically stress induced at room temperature. It is clearly found that Ni addition have significantly enhanced stress relaxation by reducing the growth rate of formation Sn whiskers in Sn-0.7Cu solder coatings. The morphology of (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 interfacial IMC was more refine and thinner with a fine scallop-shaped interfacial intermetallic layer purposely to lower the compressive stress of Sn coating and extend the nucleation period, thus mitigating the formation and growth of Sn whiskers.
Design and wear resistance analysis of bionic roller for folding of automobile body cover parts based on pearl shell surface texture
Authors: Zhang Bang-Cheng , Zhang Zi-Qiang , Sun Jian-Wei , Shao Chen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the forming quality of automobile body cover parts, the trundle attrition between the roller and panel in a roll-wrap robot has been investigated to minimize the frictional losses. This paper presents a design scheme of bionic roller structure based on the surface texture of pearl shell. The microstructure of pearl shell surface is analyzed and the mapping model of pearl shell surface structure is established. Meanwhile, the best texture type is determined by simulation analysis and theoretical formula. Based on the optimal texture type, the optimized roller structure is simulated and analyzed by utilizing the golden section method to determine the best depth-to-width ratio. The roller model is made by 3D laser marking mechanism. The validty of the theory and design method is verified by the correspoding experiments. By comparing the simulation and experimental analysis data, it can be seen that the vertical stripe bionic roller achieves the optimal performance when the depth-to-width ratio is 0.382. Compared with the ordinary roller, the maximum principal stress at the node is reduced by 2038.5 N, the frictional loss energy during movement is reduced by 8.43 × 108J, the wear mass is reduced by 285.63%, the wear depth is reduced by 47.4%.
Design and simulation of C2N based solar cell by SCAPS-1D software
Authors: Zhou Xiangyu , Han Junfeng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:
Recently, a novel nitrogenated holey two-dimensional material, C2N, has been successfully synthesized via a simple wet-chemical reaction. Its merits have drawn much attention from the scientists. However, to the best of our knowledge, few reported works employed C2N as photovoltaic materials and the practical solar cells based on C2N have not been fabricated in lab. In this work, we carried out simulation using Scaps-1D to investigate the influences of different parameters on the C2N based solar cell. By varying the acceptor density, layer thickness, defect density of C2N and changing different N layers coupling with C2N, we found out that suitable acceptor density, around 1015cm−3, large layer thickness of C2N and low defect density were key factors to obtain high-performance solar cells. Small band offset also played an importance role in enhancing the performance of photovoltaic materials. With optimized parameters, C2N coupling with CdS as heterojunction can achieve an efficiency of over 17%. This work may provide valuable insights into future design of C2N based solar cells.
Analytical study of heat and mass transfer in MHD flow of chemically reactive and thermally radiative Casson nanofluid over an inclined stretching cylinder
Authors: Walelign Tadesse , Haile Eshetu , Kebede Tesfaye , Walelgn Assaye 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to give a mathematical analysis of heat and mass transfer in a boundary layer flow of Casson fluid over an inclined stretching cylinder in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles. The effects of Casson parameter, curvature of the cylinder, angle of inclination, Buoyancy force, external magnetic field, thermal radiation, Joule heating, viscous dissipation, heat source and chemical reaction are taken into account. Appropriate transformations are incorporated to convert the governing partial differential equations and the boundary conditions suitable for computation. The elegant optimal homotopy analysis method is used to obtain analytic approximations for the resulting system of nonlinear differential equations. The features of flow characteristics such as velocity, temperature and concentration profiles in response to the variations of the emerging parameters are simulated and examined in detail. Extensive analysis is also made to explore the influences of relevant constraints on the rates of momentum, heat and mass transfer near the surface of the cylinder. Among the many outputs of the study, it is found that increasing the non-Newtonian Casson parameter can slowdown the flow velocity and enhance the temperature and concentration profiles. It is also revealed that significant enhancement of wall friction and mass transfer rate can be achieved by increasing the curvature of the cylinder. Further, the analytic approximations obtained by implementing the optimal homotopy analysis method to the present model are in close agreements with previous studies under common assumptions.
Nonlocal mechanisms of attosecond interferometry in three-dimensional systems
Authors: Jelovina Denis , Scrinzi Armin , Jakob Wörner Hans , Schild Axel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Attosecond interferometry (AI) is an experimental technique based on ionizing a system with an attosecond pulse train in the presence of an assisting laser. This assisting laser pulse provides multiple pathways for the photoelectron wave packet to reach the same final states, and interference of these pathways can be used to probe the properties of matter. The mechanism of AI is well-understood for isolated atoms and molecules in the gas phase, but not so much in the condensed phase, especially if the substrate under study is transparent. Then, additional pathways open up for the electron due to (laser-assisted) scattering from neighbouring atoms. We investigate to what extent these additional pathways influence the measured photoionization delays with the help of 1D and 3D model systems. In both cases, we find that the total delay can be expressed as the sum of a local (photoionization) delay and a non-local delay, which contains the effect of electron scattering during transport. The 1D system shows that the non-local delay is an oscillatory function of the distance between the sites where ionization and scattering take place. A similar result is obtained in 3D, but the modulation depth of the non-local delay is found to strongly depend on the effective scattering cross section. We conclude that attosecond interferometry of disordered systems like liquids at low photon energies (20–30 eV) is mainly sensitive to the local delay, i.e. to changes of the photoionization dynamics induced by the immediate environment of the ionized entity, and less to electron scattering during transport through the medium. This conclusion also agrees with the interpretation of recent experimental results.
Bio-inspired deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene layers for electrical resistance heating applications
Authors: Utech Toni , Pötschke Petra , Simon Frank , Janke Andreas , Kettner Hannes , Paiva Maria , Zimmerer Cordelia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Electrochemically exfoliated graphene (eeG) layers possess a variety of potential applications, e.g. as susceptor material for contactless induction heating in dynamic electro-magnetic fields, and as flexible and transparent electrode or resistivity heating elements. Spray coating of eeG dispersions was investigated in detail as a simple and fast method to deposit both, thin conducting layers and ring structures on polycarbonate substrates. The spray coating process was examined by systematic variation of dispersion concentration and volume applied to heated substrates. Properties of the obtained layers were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, SEM and Confocal Scanning Microscopy. Electrical conductivity of eeG ring structures was measured using micro-four-point measurements. Modification of eeG with poly(dopamine) and post-thermal treatment yields in the reduction of the oxidized graphene proportion, an increase in electrical conductivity, and mechanical stabilization of the deposited thin layers. The chemical composition of modified eeG layer was analyzed via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy pointing to the reductive behavior of poly(dopamine). Application oriented experiments demonstrate the direct electric current heating (Joule-Heating) effect of spray-coated eeG layers.
Development and validation of an aetiology in delirium diagnostic support tool
Authors: Eeles Eamonn , Huang Lisa , Dakin Lucy , Ling Carolina , Dunn Erin , Fraser Jon , Dissanayaka Nadeeka N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
recognition of the multifactorial causes of delirium represents a clinical challenge.

Objectives
to develop and show proof of principle of a diagnostic support tool (DST) for identification of causes of delirium.

Methods
stage 1—development of the aetiology in delirium-diagnostic support tool (AiD-DST); stage 2—validation of the AiD-DST against reference standard diagnosis, based on clinical assessment from two independent consultant geriatricians.

Results
a series of eight steps AiD-DST were formulated by an expert group to identify possible causes of delirium. Forty inpatients admitted to a general medical unit with a consultant physician/geriatrician diagnosis of delirium were recruited, consented and reviewed against the AiD-DST. Mean age was 85.1 (standard deviation 7.9) years and 26 (65%) of participants were female. Participants had multiple chronic co-morbidities [median Charlson Comorbidity Index 7; interquartile range (IQR 6–9)] and median number of medications was 8 (IQR 6–11.75). Median number of causes of delirium detected on AiD-DST was 3 (IQR 3–4) versus 5 (IQR 3–6) using the reference standard diagnosis, with sensitivity of 88.8% (95% confidence interval, 81.6–93.9%) and specificity of 71.8% (63–79.5%).

Conclusions
the aetiology in delirium DST shows promise in the identification of cause(s) in delirium.
RCSB Protein Data Bank 1D tools and services
Authors: Segura Joan , Rose Yana , Westbrook John , Burley Stephen K , Duarte Jose M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Interoperability between polymer sequences and structural data is essential for providing a complete picture of protein and gene features and helping to understand biomolecular function.

Results
Herein, we present two resources designed to improve interoperability between the RCSB Protein Data Bank, the NCBI and the UniProtKB data resources and visualize integrated data therefrom. The underlying tools provide a flexible means of mapping between the different coordinate spaces and an interactive tool allows convenient visualization of the 1-dimensional data over the web.

Availabilityand implementation
https://1d-coordinates.rcsb.org and https://rcsb.github.io/rcsb-saguaro.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MOVICS: an R package for multi-omics integration and visualization in cancer subtyping
Authors: Lu Xiaofan , Meng Jialin , Zhou Yujie , Jiang Liyun , Yan Fangrong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Summary
Stratification of cancer patients into distinct molecular subgroups based on multi-omics data is an important issue in the context of precision medicine. Here, we present MOVICS, an R package for multi-omics integration and visualization in cancer subtyping. MOVICS provides a unified interface for 10 state-of-the-art multi-omics integrative clustering algorithms, and incorporates the most commonly used downstream analyses in cancer subtyping researches, including characterization and comparison of identified subtypes from multiple perspectives, and verification of subtypes in external cohort using two model-free approaches for multiclass prediction. MOVICS also creates feature rich customizable visualizations with minimal effort. By analysing two published breast cancer cohort, we signifies that MOVICS can serve a wide range of users and assist cancer therapy by moving away from the ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to patient care.

Availability and implementation
MOVICS package and online tutorial are freely available at https://github.com/xlucpu/MOVICS.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.