bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrativas y solidaridad de las redes transnacionales de derechos humanos en Argentina
Authors: Scocco Marianela 
Published: December 2020

Las redes transnacionales en defensa de los derechos humanos se constituyeron en vehículos clave en la transmisión de la cultura de los derechos humanos para los organismos surgidos en Argentina entre 1974-1979. Proveyeron a los denunciantes nacionales un vocabulario específico para ejercer sus demandas basado en lo que se ha denominado como “narrativa humanitaria”, diferenciándose de la “narrativa revolucionaria” que había signado la defensa de presos políticos en la dictadura anterior (1966-1973). En este artículo analizo, en clave comparativa, esa defensa de presos políticos y de los organismos de derechos humanos posteriores, poniendo atención en el cambio que significó el traslado de una narrativa a otra. Por otro lado, tomando un caso local, examino el hecho de que los organismos de la ciudad de Rosario se vieron privados del acceso a la financiación, información e influencia que la transnacionalización del reclamo y el impacto internacional proveyó a los organismos de la capital del país.
A Comparative Study of Shi’a Public Shari’a Law and Sunni Public Shari’a Law (Administrative Law and Governance in Islam)
Authors: Sorayaii Azar Hossein 
Published: December 2020

Public law notions seen from shari’a law perspective have not been duly discussed in Islamic countries. In the discourse of rule of law in Islam we are confronted with a dilemma , moral values of a religion are not compatible with the coercive legislative measures . Thus the authentic application of shari’a rules is feasible only if a scientific hermeneutic of shari’a law is adapted to the exigencies of today’s modern life, while the outlook on the boundaries of hermeneutic remains obscure. Regarding the public finance in Islam and State owned banking system, in many Islamic countries both Shi’a concept banks and Sunni concept banks, while prohibiting usury have worked out a well established shari’a law compliant loan system in favor of the customers. Also economic democracy from shari’a law point of view finds its way through other means provided in shari’a rules (Shi’a or Sunni). The notion of an Islamic administrative law is rather misperceived. The actual polemic on governance and administrative law in Islam is considered as being an outcome of the conflict between shari’a based concepts and notions asserted by faquihs and jurists and the legal practices and usages of Islamic States since the expansion of Islamic territories (700 AD).
In vitro Inorganic Phosphate Solubilization Tests of Cowpea Root Nodule Bacteria from Ethiopia
Authors: Kenasa Girmaye , Nandeshwar B.C. , Assefa Fassil 
Published: December 2020

Background: Phosphorus is one of the limiting plant nutrients in most soil due to its fixation with metal ions both in acidic and alkaline soil. However, some soil bacteria have potential to solubilize the cation-fixed phosphorus and make it available to plants.Methods: Sixty-six cowpea root nodule bacterial species were tested for inorganic phosphate solubilization (PS). PS potential of the isolates from Ca3 (PO4)2, AlPO4 and FePO4 were tested on four different kinds of agar media. Solublization efficiency was determined as Solubilization Index (SI) on agar media and quantity of bioavailable phosphorous on broth media. Result: About 30% of the bacterial isolates, out of which 60% endophytes were Ca3 (PO4)2 solubilizers on Pikovskaya medium but did not grow on media containing AlPO4 and FePO4 as sole P sources. Isolates showed significant variation (p less than 0.05) in Ca3 (PO4)2 solubilization efficiency on the different culture media and ECE-21 (Pseudomonas putida) was versatile in solubilizing Ca3(PO4)2 from the four test media. However, ECE-26A (Bacillus subtilis) showed the highest PS in broth media (140.8 µg ml-1) indicating the moderate correlation (r=0.5578; p less than 0.05) of PS between solid and liquid media. Amounts of P solubilized and pH change of the culture filtrate was inversely correlated (r=-0.731; p less than 0.01). In general, ECE-21 was the most efficient P solubilizer (SI=2.67±0.1; P=87.74±7.4µg ml-1) solublizers and hence can be an ideal candidate as inoculants for the crop production in Ethiopia after field evaluation.
Efficacy of “Worm-X” Herbal Formulation against Naturally Infected Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Goats of Banaskantha District, Gujarat
Authors: Parsani H.R. , Chandel B.S. , Shyma K.P. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Gastrointestinal nematodosis is a major constraint in economic livestock production. Mostly synthetic anthelmintics are being used to overcome this problem. Besides synthetic anthelmintics, some plants have shown variable anthelmintic properties. Methods: Sixty goats infected with GI nematodes having 1500 EPG were selected and animals were divided into four groups T1 to T4 of 15 animals in each group. Group T1 was given two doses of fenbendazole @ 10 mg/kg BW per os at 15 days interval. In group T2, T3 and T4 herbal formulation “Worm-X” was given @ 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg BW orally respectively, at 15 days interval. Efficacy was assessed on the basis of percentage reduction in EPG count and the FECRT was conducted as per guidelines of WAAVP. Result: When FECR was compared 15 days post treatment, maximum reduction (77.25%) was observed in group T1 followed by group T2 (47.27%), T3 (70.19%), and T4 (72.01%). The reduction in FEC in groupT3 (70.19%) and T4 (72.01%) at 15 days post treatment and at 30 days post treatment were 87.75 and 89.32%, respectively were almost equal. Considering the cost effectiveness and WAAVP recommendations, it will be optimum to administer the drug at the rate of 1.0 ml/kg body weight in two dosages at 15-day interval. However, it is well known that now a day’s modern anthelmintic drug efficacy has been reduced in many cases due to the development of anthelmintic resistance. Therefore, complementary or alternative solutions to the conventional chemical treatments have been implied offering novel approaches to the sustainable control of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats.
Validation of a modular and wearable system for tracking fingers movements
Authors: Borghetti Michela , Bellitti Paolo , Lopomo Nicola Francesco , Serpelloni Mauro , Sardini Emilio 
Published: December 2020

<p class="Abstract">Supervising manual operations performed by workers in industrial environments is crucial in a smart factory. Indeed, the production of products with superior quality, at higher throughput rates and reduced costs with the support of the Industry 4.0 enabling technologies is based on the strict control of all the resources inside the factory, including workers. This paper shows a protocol for validating a new wearable system for tracking finger movements. The wearable system consists of two measuring modules worn on the thumb and on the index measuring flexion and extension of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint by a stretch sensor and rotation of the proximal phalanx (PP) by an inertial measurement unit. An optical system is used to validate the system by capturing specific finger movements. Four movements that simulate typical tasks and gestures, such as grasp and pinch, were performed to validate the proposed system. The maximum root-mean-square error is 3.7 deg for the roll angle of PP. The resistance changes of the stretch sensors with respect to flexion and extension of PIP joint is 0.47 Ohm/deg. The results are useful for the data interpretation when the system is adopted for monitoring finger movements and gestures.</p>
Characterization of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferases in Haematococcus lacustris reveals their functions and engineering potential in triacylglycerol biosynthesis
Authors: Cui Hongli , Zhao Chunchao , Xu Wenxin , Zhang Hongjiang , Hang Wei , Zhu Xiaoli , Ji Chunli , Xue Jinai , Zhang Chunhui , Li Runzhi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Haematococcus lacustris is an ideal source of astaxanthin (AST), which is stored in oil bodies containing esterified AST (EAST) and triacylglycerol (TAG). Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) catalyze the last step of acyl-CoA-dependent TAG biosynthesis and are also considered as crucial enzymes involved in EAST biosynthesis in H. lacustris. Previous studies have identified four putative DGAT2-encoding genes in H. lacustris, and only HpDGAT2D allowed the recovery of TAG biosynthesis, but the engineering potential of HpDGAT2s in TAG biosynthesis remains ambiguous.Results: Five putative DGAT2 genes (HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2B, HpDGAT2C, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E) were identified in H. lacustris. Transcription analysis showed that the expression levels of the HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E genes markedly increased under high light and nitrogen deficient conditions with distinct patterns, which led to significant TAG and EAST accumulation. Functional complementation demonstrated that HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2B, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E had the capacity to restore TAG synthesis in a TAG-deficient yeast strain (H1246) showing a large difference in enzymatic activity. Fatty acid (FA) profile assays revealed that HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E, but not HpDGAT2B, preferred monounsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (MUFAs) for TAG synthesis in yeast cells, and showed a preference for polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (PUFAs) based on their feeding strategy. The heterologous expression of HpDGAT2D in Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii significantly increased the TAG content and obviously promoted the MUFAs and PUFAs contents.Conclusions: Our study represents systematic work on the characterization of HpDGAT2s by integrating expression patterns, AST/TAG accumulation, functional complementation, and heterologous expression in yeast, plants, and algae. These results (1) update the gene models of HpDGAT2s, (2) prove the TAG biosynthesis capacity of HpDGAT2s, (3) show the strong preference for MUFAs and PUFAs, and (4) offer target genes to modulate TAG biosynthesis by using genetic engineering methods.
Impact of Statin Pretreatment on the Complications of Carotid Stenting in Asymptomatic Patients: Observational Study
Authors: Jang Seong Hwa , Kwon Doo Hyuk , Han Moon-Ku , Park Hyungjong , Sohn Sung-Il , Choi Huimahn , Hong Jeong-Ho 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Carotid stenosis is a known risk factor for ischemic stroke, and carotid artery stenting is an effective preventive procedure. However, the stroke risk reduction for asymptomatic patients is small. Therefore, it is important to reduce the risk of complications, particularly in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Statins are known to reduce the overall risk of periprocedural complications, although there is a lack of data focusing on asymptomatic patients. We aimed to investigate whether different doses of statin pretreatment can reduce periprocedural complications of carotid artery stenting in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.Methods: Between July 2003 and June 2013, 276 consecutive patients received carotid artery stenting (CAS) for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Periprocedural complications included the outcome of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death within 30 days of CAS. Statin pretreatment was categorized as no-statin (n=87, 31.5%), standard-dose (<40 mg, n=139, 50.4%), and high-dose statin (≥40 mg, n=50, 18.1%) according to the atorvastatin equivalent dose. Cochran-Armitage (CA) trend test was performed for periprocedural complications to investigate the association with statin dose.Results: The overall periprocedural complication rate was 3.3%. There was no significant difference in the risk of periprocedural complications between the three groups (no statin: n=3 [3.4%]; standard-dose: n=4 [2.9%]; high-dose n=2 [4.0%] p = 0.923). CA trend test did not demonstrate a trend in the proportion of periprocedural complications across increasing statin equivalent dose (p = 0.919).Conclusions: Statin pretreatment before CAS showed neither absolute nor dose-dependent effects against periprocedural complications in asymptomatic patients with CAS.
Unconventional level attraction in cavity axion polariton of antiferromagnetic topological insulator
Authors: Xiao Yang , Wang Huaiqiang , Wang Dinghui , Lu Ruifeng , Yan Xiao-Hong , Guo Hong , Hu C.-M. , Xia Ke , Zhang Haijun , Xing Dingyu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Strong coupling between cavity photons and various excitations in condensed matters boosts the field of light-matter interaction and generates several exciting sub-fields, such as cavity optomechanics and cavity magnon polariton. Axion quasiparticles, emerging in topological insulators, were predicted to strongly couple with the light and generate the so-called axion polariton. Here, we demonstrate that there arises a gapless level attraction in cavity axion polariton of antiferromagnetic topological insulators, which originates from a nonlinear interaction between axion and the odd-order resonance of cavity. Such a novel level attraction is essentially different from conventional level attractions with the mechanism of either a linear coupling or a dissipation-mediated interaction, and also different from the level repulsion induced by the strong coupling in common polaritons. Our results reveal a new mechanism of level attractions, and open up new roads for exploring the axion polariton with cavity technologies. They have potential applications for quantum information and dark matter research.
Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia: 28-years analysis at a Brazilian university hospital
Authors: Kruger Vitor , Calderan Thiago , Carvalho Rodrigo , Hirano Elcio , Fraga Gustavo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The objective of the study is evaluate the approach to patients with acute traumatic diaphragmatic hernia at a Brazilian university hospital during a 28-year period. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is an uncommon injury, however its real incidence may be higher than expected. Sometimes is missed in trauma patients, and is usually associated with significant morbidity and mortality, this analysis may improve outcomes for the trauma patient care.Methods Retrospective study of time series using and analisys database records of trauma patients at HC- Unicamp was performed to investigate the incidence, trauma mechanism, diagnosis, herniated organs, associated injuries, trauma score, morbidity, and mortality of this injury.Results Fifty-five cases were analyzed. Blunt trauma was two-fold frequent than penetrating trauma, are associated with high grade injury and motor vehicle collision was the most common mechanism. Left side hernia was four-fold frequent than right side. Diagnose was mostly performed by chest radiography (31 cases; 56%). Associated intra-abdominal injuries were found in 37 patients (67.3%) and extra-abdominal injuries in 35 cases (63.6%). The mortality was 20% (11 cases).Conclusions Computed tomography scan identified associated injuries and had high specificity. Isolated injuries were rare, and the presence of associated injuries increased morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in imaging methods, chest radiography in the trauma bay is useful as an initial approach. Despite the use of laparoscopy in a few cases, laparotomy was the most frequent approach for repair.
New Synthetic 1H-1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives of 3-O-Acetyl-β-boswellic Acid and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid from Boswellia Sacra Inhibits Carbonic Anhydrase II in Vitro
Authors: Avula Satya , Rehman Najeeb Ur , Khan Majid , Halim Sobia Ahsan , Khan Ajmal , Rafiq Kashif , Csuk Rene , DAS BISWANATH , Al-harrasi Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Boswellic acids are genus specific to Boswellia; they are the principal biologically active compounds holding exceptionally potent anti-inflammatory activity. A series of new 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered of 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid (ABA, 1) and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA, 2) derivatives (10a-d and 11a-d) were synthesized and their carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) inhibitory activity was evaluated in vitro. All compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR (HMBC, HSQC, COSY and NOESY) experiments, ESI-MS, and when applicable by 19F NMR spectroscopy (10b, 10c and 11b, 11c). This series has displayed a moderate to strong inhibition against CA II with IC50 values of 13.2–60.1 µM. All the active compounds were reported for the first time for their CA II inhibition potential. Kinetics studies on the most active inhibitors (5 and 10b) were carried out to investigate their mode of inhibition and to determine their inhibition constants Ki. Both compounds (5 and 10b) were found to be non-competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 10.40 ± 0.013 and 14.25 ± 0.017 µM, respectively. Molecular docking studies showed that all compounds were well accommodated in the allosteric site of CA II. The current study has demonstrated the usefulness of incorporating a 1H-1,2,3-triazole moiety into the boswellic acids skeleton.
Clustering the Engagement of Brazilian Nurses in Political Advocacy
Authors: Figueira Aline , Barlem Edison Luiz , Brum Aline , Mattos Larissa , Barlem Jamila , Toescher Aline 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The political advocacy highlights that the union among nurses, other health professionals, users and managers is able to promote improvements to the health of people and communities.Objective: To analyze the level of nurses’ engagement in political advocacy by performing cluster analysis.Method: The study was attended by 184 nurses working in primary, secondary and tertiary care in a city in Brazil, through the application of the Policy Advocacy Engagement Scale. The data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, analysis of variance and chi2.Ethical considerations: The approval for the study was received by the local Ethics Committee.Result: The clustering performed in this study pointed out the factor defense of care for families and communities with higher average, indicating that political defense is effective in organizational environments and even that professional qualification provides greater engagement in political advocacy.Conclusion: The results reveal that nurses play an active role in political advocacy, seeking to promote positive changes in health, especially those working in tertiary care, the nurse group that obtained the highest means in this study.
Antibody-Dye Conjugate Detects Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in High-Graded Gliomas: A Feasibility Study for Fluorescence-Guided Resection
Authors: Zhou Quan , Leonel Johana Vega , Santoso Michelle , Wilson Christy , Berg Nynke van den , Chan Carmel , Aryal Muna , Vogel Hannes , Cayrol Romain , Mandella Michael , Schonig Frank , Lu Guolan , Gambhir Sanjiv , Moseley Michael , Rosenthal Eben , Grant Gerald 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The prognosis for high-grade glioma (HGG) remains dismal and extent of resection correlates with overall survival and progression free disease. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a biomarker heterogeneously expressed in HGG. We assessed the feasibility of detecting HGG using near-infrared fluorescent antibody targeting EGFR. Methods: Mice bearing orthotopic HGG xenografts with modest EGFR expression were imaged in vivo after systemic panitumumab-IRDye800 injection to assess its tumor-specific uptake macroscopically over 14 days, and microscopically ex vivo. EGFR immunohistochemical staining of 59 tumor specimens from 35 HGG patients during was scored by pathologists and expression levels were compared to that of mouse xenografts. Results: Intratumoral distribution of pan800 correlated with near-infrared fluorescence and EGFR expression. Fluorescence distinguished tumor cells with 90% specificity and 82.5% sensitivity. Target-to-background ratios peaked at 14 hours post panitumumab-IRDye800 infusion, reaching 19.5 in vivo and 7.6 ex vivo, respectively. Equivalent or higher EGFR protein expression compared to the mouse xenografts was present in 77.1% HGG patients. Age, combined with IDH-wildtype cerebral tumor, was predictive of greater EGFR protein expression in human tumors. Conclusion: Tumor specific uptake of pan800 provided remarkable contrast and a flexible imaging window for fluorescence-guided identification of HGGs despite modest EGFR expression.
Overcoming the Limitations of Patch-Based Learning to Detect Cancer in Whole Slide Images
Authors: Ciga Ozan , Xu Tony , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Lu Fang-I , Noy Shawna , Martel Anne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Whole slide images (WSIs) pose unique challenges when training deep learning models. They are very large which makes it necessary to break each image down into smaller patches for analysis, image features have to be extracted at multiple scales in order to capture both detail and context, and extreme class imbalances may exist. Significant progress has been made in the analysis of these images, thanks largely due to the availability of public annotated datasets. We postulate, however, that even if a method scores well on a challenge task, this success may not translate to good performance in a more clinically relevant workflow. Many datasets consist of image patches which may suffer from data curation bias; other datasets are only labelled at the whole slide level and the lack of annotations across an image may mask erroneous local predictions so long as the final decision is correct. In this paper, we outline the differences between patch or slide-level classification versus methods that need to localize or segment cancer accurately across the whole slide, and we experimentally verify that best practices differ in both cases. We apply a binary cancer detection network on post neoadjuvant therapy breast cancer WSIs to find the tumor bed outlining the extent of cancer, a task which requires sensitivity and precision across the whole slide. We extensively study multiple design choices and their effects on the outcome, including architectures and augmentations. We propose a negative data sampling strategy, which drastically reduces the false positive rate (7% on slide level) and improves each metric pertinent to our problem, with a 15% reduction in the error of tumor extent. Our results indicate classification performances of image patches versus WSIs are inversely related when the same negative data sampling strategy is used. Specifically, injection of negatives into training data for image patch classification degrades the performance, whereas the performance is improved for slide and pixel-level WSI classification tasks. Furthermore, we find applying extensive augmentations helps more in WSI-based tasks compared to patch-level image classification.