bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Walfisch‐Bertoni Propagation Model to Cover Short Range and Millimeter‐Wave Bands
Authors: Yamada Wataru , Sasaki Motoharu , Kita Naoki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtending the frequency range of the Walfisch‐Bertoni (W‐B) model, which is a representative theory‐based model, was investigated. To extend the W‐B model, three changes to the original W‐B model were made: (i) remodeling over rooftop path, (ii) introducing a slant path, and (iii) modeling of multiple reflections between buildings. To validate the proposed model, propagation loss predicted by the model was compared with measurement results. Comparison with the measurement results shows that root mean square errors of propagation loss predicted by the proposed model are 5.8 dB for radiowave frequency of 2.2 GHz, 6.6 dB for 5.2 GHz, and 3.3 dB for 26.4 GHz. It is therefore concluded that the proposed model has can achieve high estimation accuracy for all measured frequency bands.
A Drone‐Borne Method to Jointly Estimate Discharge and Manning's Roughness of Natural Streams
Authors: Bandini Filippo , Lüthi Beat , Peña‐Haro Salvador , Borst Chris , Liu Jun , Karagkiolidou Sofia , Hu Xiao , Lemaire Grégory Guillaume , Bjerg Poul L. , Bauer‐Gottwein Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImage cross‐correlation techniques, such as particle image velocimetry (PIV), can estimate water surface velocity (v
surf) of streams. However, discharge estimation requires water depth and the depth‐averaged vertical velocity (U

m
). The variability of the ratio U

m
/v
surf introduces large errors in discharge estimates. We demonstrate a method to estimate v
surf from Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) with PIV technique. This method does not require any ground control point (GCP): the conversion of velocities from pixels per frame into length per time is performed by informing a camera pinhole model; the range from the pinhole to the water surface is measured by the drone‐borne radar. For approximately uniform flow, U

m
is a function of the Gauckler‐Manning‐Strickler coefficient (K

s
) and v
surf. We implement an approach that can be used to jointly estimate K

s
and discharge by informing a system of two unknowns (K

s
and discharge) and two nonlinear equations: i) Manning's equation and ii) mean‐section method for computing discharge from U

m
. This approach relies on bathymetry, acquired in situ a priori, and on UAS‐borne v
surf and water surface slope measurements. Our joint (discharge and K

s
) estimation approach is an alternative to the widely used approach that relies on estimating U

m
as 0.85·v
surf. It was extensively investigated in 27 case studies, in different streams with different hydraulic conditions. Discharge estimated with the joint estimation approach showed a mean absolute error of 19.1% compared to in situ discharge measurements. K

s
estimates showed a mean absolute error of 3 m1/3/s compared to in situ measurements.
Mesoscopic theory of defect ordering–disordering transitions in thin oxide films
Authors: Morozovska Anna N. , Eliseev Eugene A. , Karpinsky Dmitry V. , Silibin Maxim V. , Vasudevan Rama , Kalinin Sergei V. , Genenko Yuri A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrdering of mobile defects in functional materials can give rise to fundamentally new phases possessing ferroic and multiferroic functionalities. Here we develop the Landau theory for strain induced ordering of defects (e.g. oxygen vacancies) in thin oxide films, considering both the ordering and wavelength of possible instabilities. Using derived analytical expressions for the energies of various defect-ordered states, we calculated and analyzed phase diagrams dependence on the film-substrate mismatch strain, concentration of defects, and Vegard coefficients. Obtained results open possibilities to create and control superstructures of ordered defects in thin oxide films by selecting the appropriate substrate and defect concentration.
Postpartum mood among universally screened high and low socioeconomic status patients during COVID-19 social restrictions in New York City
Authors: Silverman Michael E. , Burgos Laudy , Rodriguez Zoe I. , Afzal Omara , Kalishman Alyssa , Callipari Francesco , Pena Yvon , Gabay Ruth , Loudon Holly 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe mental health effects of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on postpartum women are of increasing concern among mental health practitioners. To date, only a handful of studies have explored the emotional impact of the pandemic surrounding pregnancy and none have investigated the consequence of pandemic-related social restrictions on the postpartum mood of those living among different socioeconomic status (SES). All postpartum patients appearing to the Mount Sinai Health System for their postpartum appointment between January 2, 2020 and June 30, 2020, corresponding to before and during pandemic imposed social restrictions, were screened for mood symptomatology using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Each patient’s socioeconomic status (high/low) was determined by their location of clinical service. A total of 516 postpartum patients were screened. While no differences in EPDS scores were observed by SES prior to social restrictions (U = 7956.0, z = − 1.05, p = .293), a significant change in mood symptomatology was observed following COVID-19 restrictions (U = 4895.0, z = − 3.48, p < .001), with patients living in lower SES reporting significantly less depression symptomatology (U = 9209.0, z = − 4.56, p < .001). There was no change in symptomatology among patients of higher SES (U = 4045.5, z = − 1.06, p = .288). Postpartum depression, the most common complication of childbearing, is a prevalent, cross-cultural disorder with significant morbidity. The observed differences in postpartum mood between patients of different SES in the context of temporarily imposed COVID-19-related social restrictions present a unique opportunity to better understand the specific health and social support needs of postpartum patients living in urban economic poverty. Given that maternal mental illness has negative long-term developmental implications for the offspring and that poor mental health reinforces the poverty cycle, future health policy specifically directed towards supporting postpartum women living in low SES by ameliorating some of the early maternal burdens associated with balancing employment-family-childcare demands may assist in interrupting this cycle while simultaneously improving the long-term outcomes of their offspring.
Blocking PDGF-CC signaling ameliorates multiple sclerosis-like neuroinflammation by inhibiting disruption of the blood–brain barrier
Authors: Zeitelhofer Manuel , Adzemovic Milena Z. , Moessinger Christine , Stefanitsch Christina , Strell Carina , Muhl Lars , Brundin Lou , Fredriksson Linda , Olsson Tomas , Eriksson Ulf , Nilsson Ingrid 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDisruption of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity is a feature of various neurological disorders. Here we found that the BBB is differently affected during the preclinical, progression and remission phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We have identified an upregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors in the BBB transcriptome and down-regulation of endothelial tight junction members coinciding with elevated BBB leakage specifically during the progression phase. These changes were antagonized by blocking PDGFRα signaling with the small tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib. Moreover, targeting the PDGFRα ligand PDGF-CC using a neutralizing antibody, facilitated recovery of BBB integrity and improvement of EAE symptoms. Intracerebroventricular injection of PDGF-CC induced upregulation, whereas blocking PDGF-CC during EAE led to downregulation ofTnfaandIl1aat the BBB. Our findings suggest that blocking PDGF-CC counteracts fundamental aspects of endothelial cell activation and disruption of the BBB by decreasingTnfaandIl1aexpression. We also demonstrate that both PDGF-CC and its receptor PDGFRα were upregulated in MS lesions indicating that blocking PDGF-CC may be considered a novel treatment for MS.
High-efficiency microwave absorbing performance originating from sufficient magnetic exchange coupling interaction and impressive dielectric loss
Authors: Fang Gang , Liu Chuyang , Yang Yun , Peng Kangsen , Cao Yufan , Xu Guoyue , Zhang Yujing 
Published: December 2020

The Cu/Fe3O4/BaZr0.6Ni0.6Fe10.8O19 composites with sufficient magnetic exchange coupling interaction and impressive dielectric loss possess optimal microwave absorbing performance.
On bipartite consensus of linear MASs with input saturation over directed signed graphs: Fully distributed adaptive approach
Authors: Nan Xiaoya , Lv Yuezu , Duan Zhisheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the bipartite consensus problem with input saturation for general linear represents multi‐agent systems (MASs) with signed digraphs. Based on relative state information among neighbour agents, distributed adaptive protocols and a compensation observer are proposed, wherein both leaderless bipartite consensus and tracking bipartite consensus problems are addressed. For the case only relative output information is available, observer‐based distributed adaptive protocols are also designed, where for each agent, a local observer is given to estimate signed consensus error and a distributed observer is presented to achieve bipartite consensus and generate control input and a compensation observer is designed to handle input saturation. Simulation illustrations are given to explain the feasibility. The control protocols presented in this article depend on only local relative state or output information, without any eigenvalue information of Laplacian matrices associated with signed digraphs, which can be practically used for each agent in a fully distributed way.
Optimal energy allocation for remote state estimate under Denial‐of‐Service attack
Authors: Ye Dan , Wei Jiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper considers an energy‐constrained sensor power allocation problem for remote estimation under Denial‐of‐Service attack. Due to power constraints, the sensor needs to make a decision on how much power it should employ to optimise the state estimation performance under Denial‐of‐Servic attacks without using real‐time acknowledgment information. Different from the existing works concerning non‐zero power value with discrete values or one power value, the authors consider the multilevel continuous‐valued energy allocation policy containing zero power value in this work. By analysing the effects on performance index under different energy allocation policies, an optimal off‐line power scheduling policy with non‐decreasing structure is derived. To obtain the optimal power scheduling sequences, the authors formulate the problem as non‐linear programming after analysing the probability distribution of the estimation error covariance matrix. Moreover, the two power values energy allocation policy is investigated as a special case. At last, simulation examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of their theoretical results.
Exploiting buck–boost duality in dual active bridge modular multilevel converters to achieve high DC step ratios
Authors: Kung Sunny , Liu Dalu , Perera Chatumal , Haji Moosa Moghimi , Salmon John , Kish Gregory 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA previously unidentified duality between buck and boost configured dc‐ac modular multilevel converters (MMCs) is firstly revealed. Armed with this insight, a new dual‐active‐bridge (DAB)‐MMC is proposed for high‐voltage dc (HVDC)‐to‐medium‐voltage dc (MVDC) power conversion that utilizes cascaded buck and boost dc–ac stages to obtain high dc step ratios. Single‐phase and three‐phase variants are presented. When compared with the conventional DAB‐MMC solution for the same dc step ratio, both the single‐phase and three‐phase topologies offer reduced MVDC side transformer winding current stresses, while the three‐phase topology also yields reduced MVDC side MMC submodule current stresses. The former is achieved by having the freedom to design the transformer with a lower turns ratio, and the latter is achieved due to the inherent paralleling of submodules on the MVDC side of the converter. Analysis of the three‐phase topology reveals its low‐voltage side transformer winding current stresses can be reduced by a factor of 3.27. A generalized mathematical model of the proposed buck–boost DAB‐MMC is derived and used to propose a dynamic controller for both the single‐phase and three‐phase topologies. Real‐time simulations obtained from a real‐time digital simulator system that incorporates an FPGA‐based controller for the valve firing controls validate the proposed buck–boost DAB‐MMC operation and dynamic controls.
Hybrid‐fed shared aperture antenna array for X/K‐band airborne synthetic aperture radar applications
Authors: Kothapudi Venkata Kishore , Kumar Vijay 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe design of X/K‐band shared aperture antenna (SAA) single‐linear polarized K‐band, dual‐polarized (linear/circular) X‐band 36‐elements (6×6) planar array antenna with high gain, and low cost for airborne synthetic aperture radar systems is presented. To reduce the complexity and size of the feed networks, the concept of series‐feed centre‐fed open stub array with Chebyshev amplitude distribution of −25 dB side‐lobe levels (SLL) are employed for K‐band design. Two typical frequencies, X‐band and K‐band of 9.65 and 21 GHz, are chosen (frequency ratio of 1:2.176) in this proposed SAA design on a single‐layer printed circuit board. For K‐band design, SLL can be controlled by Chebyshev distribution. The amplitude is controlled by the width of the individual patch in the linear array with left and right symmetries. A 50‐Ω microstrip line with 0.7λ spacing is used in between the patches for the ±25° scan angle requirement. The measured results are consistent with the simulations and provide a matching impedance bandwidth of 10.36/1.45% at X/K‐bands, respectively. The array also has a high aperture efficiency of more than 85%, SLL of (X/K‐bands: −18.9/−25 dB), and gain of (X/K‐bands: 24.2/17.4 dBi).
Pattern‐reconfigurable antenna in azimuth plane using SP3T reconfigurable switching network
Authors: Prakash Tarun , Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar , Gangwar Ravi Kumar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a new pattern‐reconfigurable antenna. This antenna has been designed, fabricated, and measured for 2.45 GHz band application. It provides six different radiation patterns in the azimuth plane at the same angle interval. First, a new single‐pole three‐throw switching network with one input and three outputs has been built on the circuit simulator and afterward validated by structural simulation. This reconfigurable switching network provides six switching conditions by the combination of turning ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ states of the used four radio frequency p‐i‐n diode switches. Second, three curved printed dipole antennas are designed with an equal interval of 120° in the azimuth plane. Finally, switching network and curved printed dipole antennas are simultaneously simulated for 2.45 GHz band applications followed by fabrication. Maximum half‐power beamwidth and average gain are obtained as 110° and 4 dBi, respectively, and the radiation efficiency is always better than 90.2%.
Intricacies of Upper Blepharoplasty in Asian Burden Lids
Authors: Paik Ji Sun , Lee Ji Hyeong , Uppal Sandeep , Choi Woong Chul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDifferences between Oriental and Caucasian eyelids have been explained in great detail in several reports in the past. The purpose of this article is to discuss the functional aspects of Asian double fold upper blepharoplasty and to present techniques that help to improve both the functional and cosmetic outcomes and satisfaction after surgery. The eyes of Asians are relatively small with thick skin in the eyelids and periorbital area. They typically lack the upper eyelid crease (creating the so-called double eyelid) due to burden factors like thick skin, hypertrophied orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM), submuscular fibroadipose tissue, thick orbital septum, abundant preaponeurotic fat, and lower positioned transverse ligament. Asian eyes may also have a superior visual field defect due to skin overriding the upper lid margin (skin–OOM–fat complex slide down). These burden factors result in the eyelashes appearing short and becoming misdirected and pressed toward the globe, causing functional discomfort. As a compensatory mechanism, Asian people tend to engage the frontalis muscle to lift the eyebrow to help them open their eyes. Along with aesthetic enhancement, double-eyelid surgery in Asian burden lids can improve the functional deficiencies helping the patients to open the eyes more easily. In addition, treatment of the Mongolian fold (medial epicanthal fold), caused by medial hypertrophy of preseptal OOM, augments the surgical results. In this report, we present the appropriate preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and postoperative care that should be employed to achieve consistently good functional and aesthetic outcomes in these patients.
Computed Tomography-Guided Vertebral Biopsy in Suspected Tuberculous Spondylodiscitis: Comparing a New Navigational Tram-Track Technique versus Conventional Method
Authors: Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Sharma Anuradha , Boruah Tankeshwar , Kumar Nishith , Suman Saurabh , Jaiswal Binita 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroduction Computed tomography (CT)-guided vertebral biopsy is always recommended for histopathological and microbiological confirmation in cases of tuberculous spondylodiscitis and for antimycobacterial drug sensitivity testing.Aim To compare the conventional technique and a novel axis-defined tram-track technique of CT-guided vertebral biopsy in suspected tuberculous spondylodiscitis.Materials and Methods Sixty-seven patients of clinico-radiologically suspected tuberculous spondylodiscitis referred for CT-guided vertebral biopsy were categorized into two groups: “Group A” patients (n = 32) underwent biopsy by conventional technique, and “Group B” patients (n = 35) by axis-defined tram-track technique. The time taken for procedure, radiation exposure, and any procedural complications were recorded for both the groups.Results A statistically significant difference in procedure time and mean radiation dose was observed between the two groups: a longer procedural time was required in “Group A” (52.5 ± 3.5 minutes) as compared to “Group B” (37.3 ± 3.6 minutes) (p < 0.0001); and mean radiation dose (CTDIvol) in “Group A” and “Group B” was 8.64 ± 1.06 mGy and 5.73 ± 0.71 mGy, respectively (p < 0.0001). However, the difference in complication rate and tissue yield for successful diagnosis of the biopsies in the two groups was found to be statistically insignificant.Conclusion Axis-defined tram-track technique was found to have a significantly shorter procedural time as well as lower radiation exposure compared to the conventional technique of vertebral biopsy in our study.
Anticoagulation for Patients with Venous Thromboembolism: When is Extended Treatment Required?
Authors: Weitz Jeffrey I. , Prandoni Paolo , Verhamme Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe need for extended venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment beyond 3 to 6 months is usually determined by balancing the risk of recurrence if treatment is stopped against the risk of bleeding from continuing treatment. The risk of recurrence, and in turn the decision to extend, can be determined through the nature of the index event. Patients with VTE provoked by surgery or trauma (major transient risk factors) are recommended to receive 3 months of anticoagulation therapy because their risk of recurrence is low, whereas patients with VTE provoked by a major persistent risk factor, such as cancer, or those considered to have “unprovoked” VTE, are recommended to receive an extended duration of therapy based on an established high risk of recurrence. Nonetheless, recent evidence and new guidance identify that this approach fails to consider patients with risk factors classed as minor transient (e.g., impaired mobility and pregnancy) or minor persistent (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and congestive heart disease). Indeed, the risk of recurrence with respect to VTE provoked by minor persistent risk factors has been demonstrated to be not dissimilar to that of VTE without identifiable risk factors. This review provides an overview of the available data on the risk of recurrence according to the underlying cause of VTE, a critical evaluation of evidence from clinical studies on the available anticoagulants for extended VTE treatment, models of risk prediction for recurrent VTE and bleeding, and guidance on how to apply the evidence in practice.
Facial Transplantation: Complications, Outcomes, and Long-Term Management Strategies
Authors: Shokri Tom , Saadi Robert , Wang Weitao , Reddy Likith , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWithin the past two decades, vascularized facial composite allotransplantation has evolved into a viable option in the reconstructive surgeons' armamentarium for patients with extensive facial disfigurements. As it has expanded the frontiers of microsurgical reconstructive techniques, facial transplantation has come to garner widespread interest within both the medical community and the general public. The procedure has established itself as an amalgamation of the forefronts of reconstructive microsurgery, immunology, and transplantation science. Therein too lies its complexity as multifaceted scientific developments are met with ethical and social issues. Both patients and physicians are faced with the everlasting challenges of immunosuppression regimens and their inherent complications, long-term aesthetic and functional considerations, the role of revision procedures, and the inevitable psychosocial implications. This article reflects on the medical and surgical advancements in facial transplantation surgery and highlights anticipated future challenges. It aims to encourage discussion regarding anticipated barriers to current practice and suggest future directions as we transition into the next phase of facial allograft transplantation.
Flap Failure and Salvage in Head and Neck Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Weitao , Ong Adrian , Vincent Aurora G. , Shokri Tom , Scott Britney , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith advanced head and neck ablative surgery comes the challenge to find an ideal reconstructive option that will optimize functional and aesthetic outcomes. Contemporary microvascular reconstructive surgery with free tissue transfer has become the standard for complex head and neck reconstruction. With continued refinements in surgical techniques, larger surgical volumes, and technological advancements, free flap success rates have exceeded 95%. Despite these high success rates, postoperative flap loss is a feared complication requiring the surgeon to be aware of potential options for successful salvage. The purpose of this article is to review free flap failure and ways to optimize surgical salvage in the scenario of flap compromise.
Moving into the next ten years
Authors: Leap William L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper begins by introducing the Special Issue of theJournal of Language and Sexuality. Then the paper shifts focus, to consider concerns that have shaped studies of language and sexuality over the past ten years and are shaping these studies’ immediate and emerging interests. The paper also considers how theJournalcould support these interests in language and sexuality oriented in terms of a “mesh of possibilities …” (Sedgwick 1993: 8) rather than psychosocial processes, masculine/feminine binaries, or hetero/homosexual hierarchies.