bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood trauma is associated with elevated anhedonia and altered core reward circuitry in major depression patients and controls
Authors: Fan Jie , Liu Wanting , Xia Jie , Li Sihui , Gao Feng , Zhu Jiang , Han Yan , Zhou Huan , Liao Haiyan , Yi Jinyao , Tan Changlian , Zhu Xiongzhao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChildhood trauma (CT) is a well‐established risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying mechanism linking CT and MDD remains not fully understood. The present study tested the hypothesis that CT have effects on specific types of anhedonia in depression via reward system. To do so, we evaluated different aspects of anhedonia and resting‐state functional connectivity (FC) in reward system among 66 patients with MDD (44 with moderate‐to‐severe and 22 with no or low CT), and 57 healthy controls (HC; 23 with moderate‐to‐severe and 34 with no or low CT). Results showed that MDD patients with moderate‐to‐severe CT suffered more severe state anhedonic depression than patients with no or low level of CT. Individuals with moderate‐to‐severe CT, irrespective of MDD diagnosis, had elevated physical, social and anticipatory but not consummatory trait anhedonia, and demonstrated decreased left nucleus accumbens (NAcc)‐right orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and left ventral caudate‐left OFC connectivity compared to those with no or low exposure. Left NAcc‐right OFC connectivity mediated relationship between CT and state anhedonia in MDD. The total altered ventral striatum (VS)‐OFC connectivity mediated links between CT and physical trait anhedonia in HC. These findings highlight specific types of anhedonia and the core reward system as targets of CT. Blunted hedonic responses via decreased coupling within core reward system may be involved in the mechanism of depression following CT. Implications for clinical interventions are also discussed.
Clinical significance of tumor‐associated immune cells in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kikuchi Masahiro , Yamashita Daisuke , Hara Shigeo , Takebayashi Shinji , Hamaguchi Kiyomi , Mizuno Keisuke , Omori Koichi , Shinohara Shogo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe expression of PD‐L1 in tumor cells and infiltration of tumor‐associated immune cells (TAICs) might reflect the tumor biology of head and neck cancer. We aimed to characterize their prognostic roles in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).MethodsWe enrolled 103 OSCC patients who underwent definitive surgery. Immune expression levels of PD‐L1, PD‐1, CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD68 were assessed in surgically resected specimens. We evaluated the effects of immune marker expression and localization on survival outcomes.ResultsMultivariate analysis results adjusted by the pathological stage, resection margin, and extracapsular extension showed that a high number of PD‐1+ TAICs and intratumoral CD68+ TAICs were independent positive and negative prognostic markers (hazard ratio: 0.20 and 4.15, respectively; P = .02 and .01, respectively).ConclusionPD‐1+ TAICs in the tumor microenvironment and CD68+ TAICs in the intratumoral area could act as novel biomarkers for predicting overall survival outcomes in OSCC patients.
Heat transfer enhancement in a cubical cavity filled with a hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Ghennai Ahlam , Bessaїh Rachid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMixed convection heat transfer in a cubical cavity with an isothermally heated blockage inside filled with a hybrid nanofluid (HBNF) is numerically studied. The natural convection is created by the temperature difference between the hot block and the cold lateral walls, while the forced convection is generated by moving the upper wall. The influence of some variables, like the aspect ratio (0.1 ≤ r ≤ 0.5), Richardson number (0 ≤ Ri≤ 20), Reynolds number (50 ≤ Re ≤ 200), volume concentration of nanoparticles (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.06), and the concentration ratio (2:8, 5:5, and 8:2) on the flow field and heat transfer is analyzed. A comparison between hybrid and mono nanofluids (NFs) is realized to investigate the energy transport enhancement. Results show that the increase of each parameter causes an increase of average Nusselt numberNuavgand improves the heat transfer; besides the use of HBNF gives betterNuavgvalues. Three correlations of the effect ofr, ϕ,Ri, andReonNuavgare determined for both hybrid and mono NFs.
Effect of suction on the stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid toward a permeable and vertical Riga plate
Authors: Khashiʼie Najiyah S. , Arifin Norihan M. , Pop Ioan , Wahid Nur S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe application of appropriate wall mass suction (transpiration) has been reported as the key factor to generate steady solutions in the opposing flow (shrinking or opposing buoyancy). This study features the impact of the suction and mixed convection parameters in the stagnation point flow toward a permeable Riga plate. Due to the capability of hybrid nanofluids in enhancing the heat transfer performance, the combination of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles are used, including water as the base fluid. It appears that the dual solutions are potential in this problem with the negligence of the suction parameter. However, this transpiration effect is efficient in delaying the separation process of the hybrid nanofluid flow and enhancing the heat transfer rate. The heat transfer rate augments with the addition of and . The increment of heat transfer rate is reported between 34% and 39% when 30% of the suction parameter is applied. Besides, the addition of the mixed convection parameter from the opposing to assisting flow enlarges the velocity profile while reduces the temperature profile. The reduction of temperature distribution with an upsurge of suction, mixed convection, and EMHD parameters implies the operating heat transfer process.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: A protective factor in regulating disease virulence of SARS‐COV‐2
Authors: Mariappan Vignesh , S. R. Rao , Balakrishna Pillai Agieshkumar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNovel SARS‐CoV‐2 named due to its close homology with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) is the etiologic agent for the ongoing pandemic outbreak causing loss of life and severe economic burden globally. The virus is believed to be evolved in a recombined form of bat and animal coronavirus with the capacity to infect human host using the ACE2 receptors as an entry point. Though the disease pathogenesis is not elucidated completely, the virus‐mediated host response retains a similar pattern to that of previous SARS‐CoV. Based on the available trend it is assumed that pediatric groups are less susceptible to the coronavirus. Understanding the possible mechanism that protects the children from hyper‐inflammatory or disease severity could lead to better treatment modalities. In the present review, we have discussed the significance of age and sex‐dependent pattern of ACE2 receptor expression and ACE2 variants in the immune protective mechanism of the disease virulence. We have also added a brief note on the importance of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of ACE2 mediated SARS‐CoV2 infection.
Silencing of long non‐coding RNADLX6‐AS1 weakens neuroblastoma progression by the miR‐513c‐5p/PLK4 axis
Authors: Jia Peisheng , Wei Erhu , Liu Huiqiong , Wu Tingting , Wang Huaili 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence has demonstrated the crucial roles of long noncoding RNAs in human cancers, including neuroblastoma (NB). DLX6 antisense RNA 1 (DLX6‐AS1) has been identified as an oncogenic driver in NB. However, the mechanisms of DLX6‐AS1 in NB progression are not fully understood. Our data showed that DLX6‐AS1 was significantly overexpressed in NB tissues and cells. Moreover, DLX6‐AS1 silencing repressed NB cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and promoted cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro, as well as decreased tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, DLX6‐AS1 operated as a miR‐513c‐5p sponge. MiR‐513c‐5p mediated the regulation of DLX6‐AS1 on NB cell malignant progression in vitro. PLK4 was a target of miR‐513c‐5p‐ and DLX6‐AS1‐controlled PLK4 expression via sponging miR‐513c‐5p. Furthermore, the suppressive effect of miR‐513c‐5p overexpression on NB cell malignant progression in vitro was reversed by PLK4 upregulation. Our findings identified a novel regulatory mechanism, the DLX6‐AS1/miR‐513c‐5p/PLK4 axis, in NB progression, highlighting a strong rationale for developing DLX6‐AS1 as a new target for NB management.
Mathematical modeling of the impact of recirculation on exchange kinetics in tandem extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and therapeutic plasma exchange
Authors: Puelz Charles , Marinaro Jonathan L. , Park Yara A. , Griffith Boyce E. , Peskin Charles S. , Raval Jay S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVascular access connection configurations during tandem extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) may impact exchange kinetics. In these tandem procedures, typically the TPE inlet line is proximal to the TPE return line with respect to blood flow in the ECMO device, maximizing the opportunity for replacement fluid homogenization within the ECMO circuit. However, if TPE inlet and return line connections are switched, recirculation—a phenomenon in which replacement fluid leaving the TPE return line is prematurely drawn into the TPE inlet line prior to satisfactory homogenization within the ECMO circuit—will occur. Such recirculation could diminish TPE efficacy in patients on ECMO and mitigate therapeutic benefits. Using a mathematical model of recirculation in tandem ECMO and TPE, we demonstrate that the predicted impact of recirculation is negligible and vascular access connection positioning does not appear to be a point of clinical concern with regard to TPE kinetics.
A computational quest for the effects of fused rings on the stability of Hammick carbenes type remote N‐heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Zhao Huan , Yang DongDong , Zhou Yuan , Fang Yu , Shi Min , Vessally Esmail 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubstituent effects of fused six, and five‐membered aromatic rings are investigated on the stability, aromaticity, charge distribution, nucleophilic (N), and electrophilic (ω) characters of 20 singlet (s) and triplet (t) Hammick carbenes, at B3LYP/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ and M06‐2X/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ. Results display: (a) The higher thermodynamic and kinetic stability is revealed by carbenes situated between two nitrogen and/or two oxygen heteroatoms of two substituted rings, in a “W” arrangement toward the carbenic center; (b) Regardless of the arrangement, the order of thermodynamical and kinetic stabilization for fused rings is pyrrole > furan > thiophene > phosphole. (c) The substituted Hammick carbenes with two fused heterocyclics, in a given arrangement, show more stability than unsubstituted Hammick carbene; (d) While two five‐membered heterocyclic rings stabilize their corresponding substituted carbenes, two benzene rings destabilize Hammick carbene; (e) In all structures, s species emerges as ground state, exhibiting more stability than its t state; (f) The scrutinized s carbenes show higher N and lower ω than their corresponding t states.
Quercetin and vitamin E alleviate ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis by modulating autophagy and apoptosis in rat bone cells
Authors: Vakili Sina , Zal Fatemeh , Mostafavi‐pour Zohreh , Savardashtaki Amir , Koohpeyma Farhad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOsteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease and one of the most important postmenopausal consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (vitE) on ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis. Animals were ovariectomized and treated with Q (15 mg/kg/day), vitE (60 mg/kg/day), estradiol (10 µg/kg/day), and Q (7.5 mg/kg/day) + vitE (30 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks by gavage, and osteoporosis markers and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of autophagy and apoptosis‐related genes were analyzed in serum and tibia of rats. Data indicated that ovariectomy resulted in development of osteoporosis as demonstrated by reduction in serum calcium, bone weight, bone volume, trabeculae volume, and the total number of osteocytes and osteoblasts, and increase in the total number of osteoclasts and serum osteocalcin. Total mRNA expressions of LC3, beclin1, and caspase 3 were also increased and bcl2 expression was decreased in the tibia. By reversing these changes, treatment with Q and vitE markedly improved osteoporosis. In conclusion, Q, and to a lesser extent, vitE, prevented osteoporosis by regulating the total number of bone cells, maybe through regulating autophagy and apoptosis.
Effects of gestational and breastfeeding caffeine exposure in adenosine A1 agonist‐induced antinociception of infant rats
Authors: Torres Iraci L. S. , Assumpção José A. F. , de Souza Andressa , de Oliveira Carla , Adachi Lauren N. S. , Scarabelot Vanessa L. , Cioato Stefania G. , Rozisky Joanna R. , Caumo Wolnei , Silva Rosane S. , Battastini Ana Maria O. , Medeiros Liciane F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesCaffeine is extensively consumed as a psychostimulant drug, acting on A1and A2Aadenosine receptors blockade. Chronic exposure to caffeine during gestation and breast‐feeding may be involved in infant rat's behavioral and biochemical alterations. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of chronic caffeine exposure during gestation and breast‐feeding in the functionality of adenosine A1receptors in infant rats at P14. NTPDase and 5'‐nucleotidase activities were also evaluated.MethodsMating of adult female Wistar rats was confirmed by presence of sperm in vaginal smears. Rats were divided into three groups on the first day of pregnancy: (1) control: tap water, (2) caffeine: 0.3 g/L until P14, and (3) washout caffeine: caffeine was changed to tap water at P7. Evaluation of nociceptive response was performed at P14 using hot plate (HP) and tail‐flick latency (TFL) tests. A1receptor involvement was assessed using caffeine agonist (CPA) and antagonist (DPCPX). Enzymatic activities assays were conducted in the spinal cord.ResultsGestational and breastfeeding exposure to caffeine (caffeine and washout groups) did not induce significant alterations in thermal nociceptive thresholds (HP and TF tests). Both caffeine groups did not show analgesic response induced by CPA when compared to the control group at P14, indicating chronic exposure to caffeine in the aforementioned periods inhibits the antinociceptive effects of the systemic A1receptor agonist administration. No effect was observed upon ectonucleotidase activities.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that chronic caffeine exposure in gestational and breastfeeding alters A1‐mediated analgesic response in rats.
Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using MethylCap-seq in canine high-grade B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Hsu Chia-Hsin , Tomiyasu Hirotaka , Lee Jih-Jong , Tung Chun-Wei , Liao Chi-Hsun , Chuang Cheng-Hsun , Huang Ling-Ya , Liao Kuang-Wen , Chou Chung-Hsi , Liao Albert T C , Lin Chen-Si 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
DNA methylation is a comprehensively studied epigenetic modification and plays crucial roles in cancer development. In the present study, MethylCap-seq was used to characterize the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in canine high-grade B-cell lymphoma (cHGBL). Canine methylated DNA fragments were captured and the MEDIUM-HIGH and LOW fraction of methylated DNA was obtained based on variation in CpG methylation density. In the MEDIUM-HIGH and LOW fraction, 2144 and 1987 cHGBL-specific hypermethylated genes, respectively, were identified. Functional analysis highlighted pathways strongly related to oncogenesis. The relevant signaling pathways associated with neuronal system were also revealed, echoing recent novel findings that neurogenesis plays key roles in tumor establishment. In addition, 14 genes were hypermethylated in all the cHGBL cases but not in the healthy dogs. These genes might be potential signatures for tracing cHGBL, and some of them have been reported to play roles in various types of cancers. Further, the distinct methylation pattern of cHGBL showed a concordance with the clinical outcome, suggesting that aberrant epigenetic changes may influence tumor behavior. In summary, our study characterized genome-wide DNA methylation patterns using MethylCap-seq in cHGBL; the findings suggest that specific DNA hypermethylation holds promise for dissecting tumorigenesis and uncovering biomarkers for monitoring the progression of cHGBL.
The relationship between red cell distribution width and cardiac autonomic function in heart failure
Authors: Yamada Shinya , Yoshihisa Akiomi , Kaneshiro Takashi , Amami Kazuaki , Hijioka Naoko , Oikawa Masayoshi , Takeishi Yasuchika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundBoth increases in red cell distribution width (RDW) levels and autonomic dysfunction are considered to be correlated with worsening heart failure. However, the relation of RDW levels to autonomic function remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association of RDW levels in heart failure with autonomic function, evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT), and prognosis.MethodsWe studied 222 hospitalized patients with stable heart failure before discharge, and Holter recordings (HRV and HRT) were performed. Additionally, RDW levels were measured, and high RDW was defined as over 14.5%. We then divided the patients into two groups based on RDW levels: high RDW group (>14.5%, n = 92) and low RDW group (≤14.5%, n = 130). The relation of RDW to autonomic function and prognosis was assessed.ResultsIn the high RDW group, severely impaired HRV and HRT were found compared to the low RDW group. In the linear regression analysis after the adjustment of multiple confounders, RDW levels were correlated with a low‐frequency (LF) to high‐frequency (HF) ratio and very low‐frequency (VLF) power (LF to HF ratio, β = −0.146, P = .027, and VLF power, β = −0.137, P = .041, respectively). During the observation period (median 1400 days), cardiac events (re‐hospitalization of heart failure, cardiac death or sudden death) were found in 73 (32.8%) patients. The Kaplan‐Meier analysis demonstrated that the high RDW group had a higher rate of cardiac events compared to the low RDW group (45.6% vs 23.8%, log‐rank P < .001).ConclusionHigh RDW levels were correlated with autonomic dysfunction, resulting in poor clinical outcomes.
A novel topical treatment for bone metastases using a gelatin hydrogel incorporating cisplatin as a sustained release system
Authors: Kanda Yutaro , Kakutani Kenichiro , Yurube Takashi , Zhang Zhongying , Miyazaki Shingo , Kakiuchi Yuji , Takeoka Yoshiki , Tsujimoto Ryu , Miyazaki Kunihiko , Kawamoto Teruya , Takada Toru , Hoshino Yuichi , Tabata Yasuhiko , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractManagement of bone metastasis is becoming increasingly important. Thus, local and systemic treatment options have been developed for control. Although systemic administration of anticancer agents is effective for bone metastasis, it is often stopped because of poor general conditions or side effects. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a more effective and safer local treatment for bone metastasis. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the antitumor effects and safety of gelatin hydrogel microspheres incorporating cisplatin (GM‐CDDP), which we developed as a sustained release system without harmful substances. First, we assessed GM‐CDDP for its in vitro degradability and potential for sustained release. Second, in vivo antitumor and side effects were evaluated using a murine bone metastasis model of MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells incorporating GFP. In vitro, initial bursts were observed within 2 h and CDDP was released gradually with gelatin hydrogel degradation, which reached 100% at 48 h. In vivo, local administration of GM‐CDDP (2 mg/kg) significantly suppressed tumor growth and bone osteolysis compared with the control, and local and systemic administration of free CDDP (2 mg/kg; p < 0.05). Local administration of GM‐CDDP significantly reduced loss of body weight and elevation of blood urea nitrogen compared with the systemic administration of free CDDP (p < .05). The current study suggests that local administration of GM‐CDDP achieves higher antitumor effects with a potential for lesser side effects compared with local or systemic administration of free CDDP.
Assessment of knee kinematics with dynamic radiostereometry: Validation of an automated model‐based method of analysis using bone models
Authors: Christensen Rasmus , Petersen Emil Toft , Jürgens‐Lahnstein Jonathan , Rytter Søren , Lindgren Lars , De Raedt Sepp , Brüel Annemarie , Stilling Maiken 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRadiostereometic analysis (RSA) is a precise method for the functional assessment of joint kinematics. Traditionally, the method is based on tracking of surgically implanted bone markers and analysis is user intensive. We propose an automated method of analysis based on models generated from computed tomography (CT) scans and digitally reconstructed radiographs. The study investigates method agreement between marker‐based RSA and the CT bone model‐based RSA method for assessment of knee joint kinematics in an experimental setup. Eight cadaveric specimens were prepared with bone markers and bone volume models were generated from CT‐scans. Using a mobile fixture setup, dynamic RSA recordings were obtained during a knee flexion exercise in two unique radiographic setups, uniplanar and biplanar. The method agreement between marker‐based and CT bone model‐based RSA methods was compared using bias and LoA. Results obtained from uniplanar and biplanar recordings were compared and the influence of radiographic setup was considered for clinical relevance. The automated method had a bias of −0.19 mm and 0.11° and LoA within ±0.42 mm and ±0.33° for knee joint translations and rotations, respectively. The model pose estimation of the tibial bone was more precise than the femoral bone. The radiographic setup had no clinically relevant effect on results. In conclusion, the automated CT bone model‐based RSA method had a clinical precision comparable to that of marker‐based RSA. The automated method is non‐invasive, fast, and clinically applicable for functional assessment of knee kinematics and pathomechanics in patients.