bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint inversion of compact operators
Authors: Mead Jodi L. , Ford James F. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Joint inversion of multiple data types was studied as early as 1975 in [K. Vozoff and D. L. Jupp,
Joint inversion of geophysical data,
Geophys. J. Internat. 42 1975, 3, 977–991],
where the authors used the singular value decomposition to determine the degree of ill-conditioning of joint inverse problems. The authors demonstrated in several examples that combining two physical models in a joint inversion, and by effectively stacking discrete linear models, improved the conditioning as compared to individual inversions. This work extends the notion of using the singular value decomposition to determine the conditioning of discrete joint inversion to using the singular value expansion to determine the well-posedness of joint operators. We provide a convergent technique for approximating the singular values of continuous joint operators. In the case of self-adjoint operators, we give an algebraic expression for the joint singular values in terms of the singular values of the individual operators. This expression allows us to show that while rare, there are situations where ill-posedness may be not improved through joint inversion and in fact can degrade the conditioning of an individual inversion. The expression also quantifies the benefits of including repeated measurements in an inversion. We give an example of joint inversion with two moderately ill-posed Green’s function solutions, and quantify the improvement over individual inversions. This work provides a framework in which to identify data types that are advantageous to combine in a joint inversion.
Synthesis and characterization of size controlled alloy nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Jingfang , Yu Yifu , Zhang Bin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles are emerging as a class of critical nanomaterials in electronic, optical and magnetic fields due to their unique physic-chemical properties. In particular, precise control of the nanoparticle size can endow them with broad versatility and high selectivity. This chapter reviews some tremendous achievements in the development of size controlled bimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles, with special emphasis on general preparation methods, characterization methodologies and instrumentation techniques. Some key factors and future perspectives on the development of size-controlled bimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles are also discussed.
Peacekeeping Labor Mali: Deutschland und der MINUSMA Einsatz
Authors: Patz Christian 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem Engagement in MINUSMA ist Deutschland zum VN-geführten Peacekeeping zurückgekehrt und Teil eines Laborversuchs zur Zukunft von VN-geführten Friedeneinsätzen geworden. Der Einsatz in Mali steht exemplarisch für die unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen der jüngeren Generation von Friedenseinsätzen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Gründe für Deutschlands Beteiligung an MINUSMA und erläutert die Besonderheiten des Einsatzes vor dem Hintergrund des Konflikts in Mali und seiner Dynamiken. Dabei werden vier Probleme identifiziert: die Konsequenzen der Re-Priorisierung des Mandats; die ungleiche Lastenverteilung und fehlende Kohäsion; das Risiko von Fehlschlüssen bei der Übertragung von Lehren aus Einsätzen wie ISAF-Afghanistan und; die offene Frage nach den Erfolgskriterien des Einsatzes.
Multilingual and bilingual communication in law and power: access, identity and trust
Authors: Bengoetxea Joxerramon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article develops a user perspective, applied both to law as discourse and normative practical reason - law, religion - and to linguistic communication. In multilingual contexts, this perspective requires special adaptation, because the communities of users may use different languages for the creation of new norms, and for their judicial interpretation and application. The possibilities for contesting meaning are enhanced where multilingual normative communication is involved. Important consequences then follow as regards legislative drafting, statutory interpretation and multilingual contexts of conflict-resolution. The EU is the classical multilingual institutional setting where these ideas are tested. Although in the EU only those languages that are official or co-official at the level of the Member State are immediately recognised as official languages, the EU operates as a genuine multilingual system of law, the most impressive official multilingualism in the world. Discourses exploring the EU’s political identity tend to see this multilingualism as an obstacle to the development of a demos rather than a salient feature of its multicultural and federal-like Constitution. This paradox is compared to the linguistic identity of the Basque Country, which is analysed in its different territories from the legal and sociolinguistic perspectives, where the legal status of Basque is subordinated to the official language regime of France and Spain.
Extracellular Vesicles and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Hill Andrew F. 
Published: November 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include exosomes and microvesicles and have been shown to have roles in the CNS ranging from the removal of unwanted biomolecules to intercellular communication to the spread of pathogenic proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. EVs carry protein, lipid, and genetic cargo, and research over more than a decade has shown that they contain the misfolded forms of proteins associated with Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and the prion diseases. Altered genetic cargo, usually in the form of miRNAs, have also been identified in EVs patients with these diseases, suggesting that EVs may be a source of disease biomarkers. Whether EVs play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases remains to be firmly established because most current research is performed using cell culture and transgenic animal models. If EVs are identified as a key pathological contributor to neurological conditions, they will form a novel target for therapeutic intervention. This Dual Perspectives article will discuss the current understanding of the role of EVs in neurological diseases and raise some of the limitations of our current understandings of this field.Dual Perspectives Companion Paper:NeuroEVs: Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles Generated in the Neural Domain, by Christie D. Fowler
Analysis of Population Structure and Differentially Selected Regions in Guangxi Native Breeds by Restriction Site Associated with DNA Sequencing
Authors: Yang Zhuliang , Deng Jixian , Li Dongfeng , Sun Tiantian , Xia Li , Xu Wenwen , Zeng Linghu , Jiang Hesheng , Yang Xiurong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGuangxi indigenous chicken breeds play a very important role in promoting the high-quality development of the broiler industry in China. However, studies on genomic information of Guangxi indigenous chicken to date remain poorly explored. To decipher the population genetic structure and differentially selected regions (DSRs) in Guangxi indigenous chickens, we dug into numerous SNPs from seven Guangxi native chickens (GX) by employing the restriction site associated with DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) technology. Another three breeds, Cobb, White Leghorn, and Chahua (CH) chicken, were used as a control. After quality control, a total of 185,117 autosomal SNPs were kept for further analysis. The results showed a significant difference in population structure, and the control breeds were distinctly separate from the Guangxi native breeds, which was also strongly supported by the phylogenetic tree. Distribution of FST indicated that there were three SNPs with big genetic differentiation (FST value all reach to 0. 9427) in GX vs. CH group, which were located on chr1-96,859,720,chr4-86,139,601, and chr12-8,128,322, respectively. Besides, we identified 717 DSRs associated with 882 genes in GX vs. Cobb group, 769 DSRs with 476 genes in GX vs. Leghorn group, and 556 DSRs with 779 genes in GX vs. CH group. GO enrichment showed that there were two significant terms, namely GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity and BMP receptor binding, which were enriched in GX vs. Leghorn group. In conclusion, this study suggests that Guangxi native chickens have a great differentiation with Cobb and Leghorn. Our findings would be beneficial to fully evaluate the genomic information on Guangxi native chicken and facilitate the application of these resources in chicken breeding.
Prenatal and Infancy Nurse Home Visiting and 18-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Kitzman Harriet , Olds David L. , Knudtson Michael D. , Cole Robert , Anson Elizabeth , Smith Joyce A. , Fishbein Diana , DiClemente Ralph , Wingood Gina , Caliendo Angela M. , Hopfer Christian , Miller Ted , Conti Gabriella 
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Given earlier effects found in randomized clinical trials of the Nurse-Family Partnership, we examined whether this program would improve 18-year-old first-born youths' cognition, academic achievement, and behavior and whether effects on cognitive-related outcomes would be greater for youth born to mothers with limited psychological resources (LPR) and on arrests and convictions among females.

METHODS:
We enrolled 742 pregnant, low-income women with no previous live births and randomly assigned them to receive either free transportation for prenatal care plus child development screening and referral (control; n = 514) or prenatal and infant home nurse visit (NV) plus transportation and screening (n = 228). Assessments were completed on 629 18-year-old first-born offspring to evaluate these primary outcomes: (1) cognitive-related abilities (nonverbal intelligence, receptive language, and math achievement) and (2) behavioral health (internalizing behavioral problems, substance use and abuse, sexually transmitted infections, HIV risk, arrests, convictions, and gang membership).

RESULTS:
Compared with control-group counterparts, NV youth born to mothers with LPR had better receptive language (effect size = 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00 to 0.47; P = .05), math achievement (effect size = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.61; P = .002), and a number of secondary cognitive-related outcomes. NV females, as a trend, had fewer convictions (incidence ratio = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.11; P = .08). There were no intervention effects on other behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS:
The program improved the cognitive-related skills of 18-year-olds born to mothers with LPR and, as a trend, reduced female convictions but produced no other effects on youth behavioral health.
Prenatal and Infancy Nurse Home Visiting Effects on Mothers: 18-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Olds David L. , Kitzman Harriet , Anson Elizabeth , Smith Joyce A. , Knudtson Michael D. , Miller Ted , Cole Robert , Hopfer Christian , Conti Gabriella 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND:Prenatal and infancy home-visiting by nurses is promoted as a means of improving maternal life-course, but evidence of long-term effects is limited. We hypothesized that nurse-visitation would lead to long-term reductions in public-benefit costs, maternal substance abuse and depression, and that cost-savings would be greater for mothers with initially higher psychological resources.METHODS:We conducted an 18-year follow-up of 618 out of 742 low-income, primarily African-American mothers with no previous live births enrolled in an randomized clinical trial of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses. We compared nurse-visited and control-group women for public-benefit costs, rates of substance abuse and depression, and examined possible mediators of intervention effects.RESULTS:Nurse-visited women, compared with controls, incurred $17 310 less in public benefit costs (P = .03), an effect more pronounced for women with higher psychological resources ($28 847, P = .01). These savings compare with program costs of $12 578. There were no program effects on substance abuseor depression. Nurse-visited women were more likely to be married from child age 2 through 18 (19.2% vs 14.8%, P = .04), and those with higher psychological resources had 4.64 fewer cumulative years rearing subsequent children after the birth of the first child (P = .03). Pregnancy planning was a significant mediator of program effects on public benefit costs.CONCLUSIONS:Through child age 18, the program reduced public-benefit costs, an effect more pronounced for mothers with higher psychological resources and mediated by subsequent pregnancy planning. There were no effects on maternal substance abuse and depression.
Bevacizumab in Combination with TAS-102 Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Fujii Hironori , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Kitahora Mika , Takahashi Takao , Hirose Chiemi , Iihara Hirotoshi , Yamada Yunami , Watanabe Daichi , Ishihara Takuma , Suzuki Akio , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
TAS-102 is effective for treating patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study determined whether combining bevacizumab (Bmab) with TAS-102 improves clinical outcomes in refractory mCRC.

Patients and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from Japanese patients with refractory mCRC who received TAS-102 (35 mg/m2, twice a day) with (T-B group) or without Bmab (TAS-102 monotherapy; T group) between July 2014 and December 2018. The primary endpoint was median overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were median time to treatment failure, overall response rate, and the incidence of adverse events. Clinical outcomes were compared using propensity score matched analysis.

Results
Data from 57 patients were analyzed (T-B group: 21 patients, T group: 36 patients). Median OS was significantly longer in the T-B group than the T group (14.4 months vs. 4.5 months, p &lt; .001). Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that combination therapy with Bmab was significantly correlated with OS. Propensity score matched analysis confirmed that the median OS was significantly longer in the T-B group than the T group (14.4 months vs. 6.1 months, p = .006) and that there was a significant correlation between Bmab and OS. The incidence of hypertension (grade ≥2) as an adverse event was significantly higher in the T-B group than the T group (23.8% vs. 0.0%, p = .005), whereas other adverse events were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion
Treatment with Bmab in combination with TAS-102 is significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with mCRC refractory to standard therapies.
INFORMATION PROCESSING ON CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS OF A PERSON FOR INVESTIGATIVE PURPOSES
Authors: Kāršenieks Jānis 
Published: November 2019

In the paper, the author analyzes the personal data protection problems of the individuals for investigative purposes in the context of operational actions. In order to understand the essence of the problem, the author of the paper, using legislation and judicial practice, analyzes the essence of the personal data (data relating to criminal offenses, criminal convictions) protection rights to of individuals, the procedure for conducting criminal procedure and operational actions and the necessary amount personal data information.The scientific basis of the research is the normative acts regulating both subjects of research, and judicial practice.The paper addresses the issues, which that have not previously been investigated. The research specifies the criteria, rules and principles, which have to be considered and applied in practice when processing information on individuals’ criminal record for investigative purposes in a operational actions’ context.The aim of the paper is to investigate the guidelines for the protection of natural persons in criminal proceedings while processing information on criminal convictions. The tasks of the investigation are as follows: to analyze the prerequisites for the personal data lawfulness’s processing relating to criminal convictions in the framework of criminal proceedings and operational activities; to identify the cases, in which the criminal prosecutors are entitled to obtain information on a person’s criminal record. The following research methods have been used in the paper: analytical, comparative, inductive, deductive and logical methods.
Un dios que se viste por los pies: la vestimenta persa en la iconografía mitraica = A god that is dressed by the feet: Persian dress in Mythraic iconography
Authors: Campos Méndez Israel 
Published: November 2019

Resumen: La representación iconográfica del dios Mitra está vinculada a su imagen llevando un tipo de vestimenta que tradicionalmente se ha venido a denominar “vestido oriental” o “traje persa”. Dentro de esta forma de vestir, la presencia del pantalón (anaxyrides) alcanzó un cierto protagonismo, por su impacto cultural. Esta prenda había recibido una connotación peyorativa desde época griega a la hora de definir la alteridad bárbara aqueménida y posteriormente esta visión fue asumida por los romanos, trasladada a sus enemigos los partos. Son varios los posibles contextos en los que los seguidores de Mitra pudieron asumir su presencia dentro del marco mitraico. Nos proponemos con este artículo aclarar a qué se hace referencia cuando se utiliza la categoría de “traje persa” y cuál pudo ser la reacción que desde el culto mitraico se ejerció ante una de las prendas que formaban parte de estas ropas: el pantalón. Abstract: The iconographic representation of the god Mithra is linked to his image wearing a type of clothing that has traditionally been called "Oriental dress" or "Persian dress". Within this way of dressing, the presence of the trousers (anaxyrides) reached a certain prominence, due to its cultural impact. This garment had received a pejorative connotation from Greek times at the moment of defining the Achaemenian barbarian alterity and later this vision was assumed by the Romans, transferred to their enemies the Parthians. There are several contexts in which the followers of Mithra could assume their presence within the Mithraic context. We propose with this paper to clarify what really means this category and what could be the reaction that from the Mithraic cult was exercised before one of the pieces that were part of these clothes: the trousers.Palabras clave: Mitraísmo, traje persa, anaxyrides, iconografía, bárbaro.Key words: Mithraism, Persian Dress, anaxyrides, iconography, barbarian.
Pengembangan Model Simulasi Swasembada Kedelai Berbasis Web SIWAKA.INS
Authors: Tastra I. Ketut , Abadi Farid Rakhmat , Koentjoro Bambang Sri 
Published: November 2019

<p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>Model simulasi swasembada kedelai berbasis web yang mudah diakses dan dioperasikan perlu dikembangkan agar informasi yang diperlukan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tersedia dengan cepat. Laboratorium Dinamika Sistem Balitkabi sejak Januari hingga Februari 2018 telah mengembangkan model simulasi swasembada kedelai berbasis web yaitu SIWAKA.INS yang merupakan pengembangan dari skrip program simulasi SIWAKA.SIM, yang dikembangkan menggunakan program simulasi open source Insightmaker.com. Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan validasi model simulasi swasembada kedelai SIWAKA.INS. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa model simulasi SIWAKA.INS cukup layak untuk diterapkan dalam memperkirakan tercapainya swasembada kedelai nasional dengan nilai R2=1 dan RMSE=4,88e-14 t. Hasil simulasi SIWAKA.INS menggunakan input model perluasan areal (PPA) 9,0%/tahun, peningkatan produktivitas (LAJUY) 9,5%/tahun, kehilangan hasil pascapanen (KHKDL) 7,5%/tahun, kenaikan penduduk (KB) 1,5%/tahun, dan peningkatan konsumsi kedelai (LAJUK) 1,0%/tahun, menunjukkan bahwa swasembada kedelai dapat tercapai pada tahun 2020-2045. Untuk periode tahun 2020-2024, simulasi tingkat swasembada kedelai mencapai 0,09-1,26 juta t, pada tingkat hasil kedelai 1,66-1,80 t/ha dan luas areal kedelai 1,66-2,35 juta ha. SIWAKA.INS bersifat open source dan dapat diakses di https://Insightmaker.com/insight/65139/SIWAKA-INS.<br /><br /><br />
Role of the initial degree of anaemia and treatment model in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated by chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Wenhuan , Zhang Ji-Yu , Liu Wen-Hui , Chen Xian-Xian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Anaemia is highly prevalent in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The role of initial haemoglobin levels in predicting the prognosis of GC patients treated by chemotherapy has not been well determined. Our present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the degree of anaemia and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GC. Methods: Our retrospective study enrolled 598 patients who were treated with chemotherapy when the recurrent GCs and metastatic GCs were unsuitable for surgical resection. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors that had the potential to affect patient prognosis. Additionally, the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics, including treatment method, and degree of chemotherapy-related reduction in haemoglobin was further analysed. Results: Our results revealed that patients with HBini level ≤ 80 g/L had a trend toward a shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.009 and p=0.049, respectively). Interestingly, we also found that HBdec ≥30 g/L was associated with a significantly shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.039 and p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that HBini levels ≤80 g/L could be used as an independent prognostic factor for recurrent and metastatic GC. More importantly, HBdec ≥30 g/L and treatment response were also significantly associated with OS and PFS. Furthermore, the degree of haemoglobin decrease was associated with chemotherapy including platinum and the number of chemotherapy cycles. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the initial degree of anaemia and a decrease in haemoglobin of ≥ 30 g/L can serve as biomarkers to predict prognosis in recurrent or metastatic GC patients, while chemotherapy treatment rather than red blood cell (RBC) transfusion can improve their prognosis. Additionally, paclitaxel should not be recommended for treating severely anaemic GC patients.