bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebellar Dizziness and Vertigo: Etiologies, Diagnostic Assessment, and Treatment
Authors: Zwergal Andreas , Feil Katharina , Schniepp Roman , Strupp Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCerebellar dizziness and vertigo account for approximately 10% of diagnoses in a tertiary dizziness center. This term summarizes a large group of disorders with chronic (degenerative, hereditary, acquired cerebellar ataxias), recurrent (episodic ataxias), or acute (stroke, inflammation) presentations. Key to the diagnosis is a comprehensive examination of central ocular motor and vestibular function. Patients with cerebellar dizziness and vertigo usually show a pattern of deficits in smooth pursuit, gaze-holding, saccade accuracy, or fixation-suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Central fixation nystagmus (e.g., downbeat nystagmus), gaze-evoked nystagmus, central positional nystagmus, or head-shaking nystagmus with cross-coupling (i.e., horizontal head shaking causing inappropriate vertical nystagmus) occurs frequently. Overlap syndromes with peripheral vestibular disorders, such as cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia, exist rarely. Posturography and gait analysis can contribute to diagnostic differentiation, estimation of the risk of falls, as well as quantification of progression and treatment effects. Patients with cerebellar dizziness and vertigo should receive multimodal treatment, including balance training, occupational therapy, and medication.
Body Mass Index Best Predicts Recovery of Recombinant Factor VIII in Underweight to Obese Patients with Severe Haemophilia A
Authors: Tiede Andreas , Cid Ana Rosa , Goldmann Georg , Jiménez-Yuste Victor , Pluta Michael , Lissitchkov Toshko , May Marcus , Matytsina Irina , Miljic Predrag , Pabinger Ingrid , Persson Paula 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Factor VIII (FVIII) products are usually dosed according to body weight (BW). This may lead to under- or over-dosing in underweight or obese patients, respectively.
Objective This article evaluates the pharmacokinetics (PK) of recombinant FVIII concentrate, particularly recovery, in relation to body mass index (BMI) and other body composition descriptors.
Materials and Methods Thirty-five previously treated adults with severe haemophilia A from five BMI categories (underweight, normal, overweight, obese class I and II/III) were included. PK was evaluated after 50 IU per kilogram of BW single-dose recombinant FVIII (turoctocog alfa). The body composition variable was based on measurements of weight, height, bioimpedance analysis, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A dosing model was derived to achieve similar peak FVIII activity levels across BMI categories.
Results A statistically significant positive association between BMI and C30min, IR30min, and AUC0–inf was observed; CL and Vss showed a significant negative association with BMI; t½ was independent of BMI and other parameters. The dosing model introduced a correction factor ‘M’ for each BMI category, based on linear regression analysis of C30min against BMI, which ranged from 0.55 for underweight to 0.39 for obese class II/III. This model achieved similar peak FVIII activity levels across BMI categories, estimating an average dose adjustment of +243.3 IU (underweight) to –1,489.6 IU (obese class II/III) to achieve similar C30min.
Conclusion BMI appears to be the best predictor of recombinant FVIII recovery; however, PK endpoints were also dependent on other body composition variables. The model demonstrated that dosing can be adjusted for individual BMI to achieve better FVIII predictability across BMI categories.
Ly6CLo Monocyte/Macrophages are Essential for Thrombus Resolution in a Murine Model of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Kimball Andrew Scott , Obi Andrea Tara , Luke Catherine E. , Dowling Abigail R. , Cai Qing , Adili Reheman , Jankowski Hannah , Schaller Matthew , Holinstadt Michael , Jaffer Farouc A. , Kunkel Steven L. , Gallagher Katherine A. , Henke Peter K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVenous thrombosis (VT) resolution is a complex process, resembling sterile wound healing. Infiltrating blood-derived monocyte/macrophages (Mo/MΦs) are essential for the regulation of inflammation in tissue repair. These cells differentiate into inflammatory (CD11b+Ly6CHi) or proreparative (CD11b+Ly6CLo) subtypes. Previous studies have shown that infiltrating Mo/MΦs are important for VT resolution, but the precise roles of different Mo/MΦs subsets are not well understood. Utilizing murine models of stasis and stenosis inferior vena cava thrombosis in concert with a Mo/MΦ depletion model (CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor [DTR]-expressing mice), we examined the effect of Mo/MΦ depletion on thrombogenesis and VT resolution. In the setting of an 80 to 90% reduction in circulating CD11b+Mo/MΦs, we demonstrated that Mo/MΦs are not essential for thrombogenesis, with no difference in thrombus size, neutrophil recruitment, or neutrophil extracellular traps found. Conversely, CD11b+Mo/MΦ are essential for VT resolution. Diphtheria toxoid (DTx)-mediated depletion after thrombus creation depleted primarily CD11b+Ly6CLo Mo/MΦs and resulted in larger thrombi. DTx-mediated depletion did not alter CD11b+Ly6CHi Mo/MΦ recruitment, suggesting a protective effect of CD11b+Ly6CLo Mo/MΦs in VT resolution. Confirmatory Mo/MΦ depletion with clodronate lysosomes showed a similar phenotype, with failure to resolve VT. Adoptive transfer of CD11b+Ly6CLo Mo/MΦs into Mo/MΦ-depleted mice reversed the phenotype, restoring normal thrombus resolution. These findings suggest that CD11b+Ly6CLo Mo/MΦs are essential for normal VT resolution, consistent with the known proreparative function of this subset, and that further study of Mo/MΦ subsets may identify targets for immunomodulation to accelerate and improve thrombosis resolution.
A Modified Closed-Open Approach as Part of a Graduated and Integrative Approach to Rhinoplasty
Authors: Röjdmark Jonas , Mouchammed Agko 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Open versus closed approach in rhinoplasty is a frequently debated topic in aesthetic plastic surgery. Although good results can often be achieved with either technique, both have unique advantages and disadvantages. In this investigation, we present our experiences of a modified closed-open approach that has been applied on 482 complex primary and secondary rhinoplasties. Three representative cases are described in more detail.
Materials and Methods The procedure begins as a closed approach through an intracartilaginous incision allowing cephalic trimming of the lateral crura, dorsal rasping, and/or excision. Patients requiring extensive nasal tip maneuvers are subjected to exposure of the alar cartilage framework through a transcolumellar/limited marginal incision. This provides not only adequate exposure of the alar cartilages but also easy access to the septum.
Conclusion In our hands, this approach is easy and expeditious. It requires less tip dissection, and therefore may avoid the prolonged postoperative edema that is often a consequence of open or extended closed tip delivery approaches.
Feeding Outcomes for Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Discharged on Nasogastric Feeds
Authors: Matharu Preet , Cristea A. Ioana , Slaven James E. , Becker Samantha , Niehaus Jason Z. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective While previous studies regarding neonatal home feeding regimens have demonstrated a more favorable prognosis for nasogastric (NG) versus gastrostomy tubes (GT), institutional practices of discharge on NG feeds are varied, particularly for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Little is known regarding the risk factors for patients treated with GT postdischarge in premature infants with BPD. Our objective was to identify frequency and risk factors for treating premature infants with BPD discharged on NG feeds with GT.
Study Design In this retrospective study, we included infants born at 30 weeks’ gestational age with BPD transitioning from a tertiary care center to home on NG feeds from 2010 to 2016.
Results Of the 86 infants included in this study, 25 (29%) underwent GT placement at a median age of 264 days postdischarge. Fourteen (56%) were able to remove the GT at a median age of 979.5 days. Infants not requiring GT placement postdischarge were found to have a significantly higher ccipitofrontal circumference (p = 0.0089) and length (p = 0.0166) at discharge compared with infants with GT.
Conclusion NG feeding for infants with BPD appears to be a viable treatment with fewer patients (29%) requiring GT placement. Gestational age and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging results were found to have a significant association with GT placement postdischarge.
A Comprehensive Sequencing-Based Analysis of Allelic Methylation Patterns in Hemostatic Genes in Human Liver
Authors: Stanne Tara M. , Jern Christina , Olsson Lindvall Martina , Davila Lopez Marcela , Klasson Sofia , Hansson Lena , Nilsson Staffan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCharacterizing the relationship between genetic, epigenetic (e.g., deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] methylation), and transcript variation could provide insights into mechanisms regulating hemostasis and potentially identify new drug targets. Several hemostatic factors are synthesized in the liver, yet high-resolution DNA methylation data from human liver tissue is currently lacking for these genes. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can influence DNA methylation in cis which can affect gene expression. This can be analyzed through allele-specific methylation (ASM) experiments. We performed targeted genomic DNA- and bisulfite-sequencing of 35 hemostatic genes in human liver samples for SNP and DNA methylation analysis, respectively, and integrated the data for ASM determination. ASM-associated SNPs (ASM-SNPs) were tested for association to gene expression in liver using in-house generated ribonucleic acid-sequencing data. We then assessed whether ASM-SNPs associated with gene expression, plasma proteins, or other traits relevant for hemostasis using publicly available data. We identified 112 candidate ASM-SNPs. Of these, 68% were associated with expression of their respective genes in human liver or in other human tissues and 54% were associated with the respective plasma protein levels, activity, or other relevant hemostatic genome-wide association study traits such as venous thromboembolism, coronary artery disease, stroke, and warfarin dose maintenance. Our study provides the first detailed map of the DNA methylation landscape and ASM analysis of hemostatic genes in human liver tissue, and suggests that methylation regulated by genetic variants in cis may provide a mechanistic link between noncoding SNPs and variation observed in circulating hemostatic proteins, prothrombotic diseases, and drug response.
Current Understanding and Clinical Management of Meniere's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Perez-Carpena Patricia , Lopez-Escamez Jose A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMeniere's disease (MD) is a set of uncommon disorders with core phenotype of tinnitus, episodic vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss. MD shows a genetic predisposition and a family history is found in 10% cases, with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. It is a multifactorial condition whose onset and development are triggered by the combined effect of genetic and environmental factors. Histopathological studies have associated MD with the accumulation of endolymph in the cochlea and the vestibular organs. However, endolymphatic hydrops does not fully explain the persistence of tinnitus, hearing loss progression, or the frequency of vertigo attacks.There are several comorbidities associated with MD, such as migraine, anxiety, autoimmune, and autoinflammatory disorders, adding more complexity to the phenotype. This “extended phenotype” can make the diagnosis and clinical management more complex, but it could also lead to a better characterization, understanding, and treatment of MD patients.We have conducted a systematic review on MD to update current knowledge, focusing on its mechanisms, diagnosis, comorbidities, and practical management.
Risk Factors for Requiring a Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Case—Control Study
Authors: Pierce Todd P. , Kurowicki Jennifer , Kelly John J. , Issa Kimona , Festa Anthony , McInerney Vincent K. , Scillia Anthony J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is considered as a successful orthopaedic procedure that attempts to help patients return to their preinjury level of activity. However, some patients may need to undergo revision surgery, and this potentially may be associated with certain surgery-specific or patient risk factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the potential role of (1) demographics, (2) family history, (3) graft choice, (4) sport, and (5) mechanism of injury (contact vs. noncontact) in the risk for needing a revision ACL for improved clinical outcomes. All patients who had undergone a primary ACL reconstruction between 2012 and 2016 were identified from at a single institution. About 312 patients who had a mean age of 24 years (range, 9–62 years) and a mean follow-up of 4 years (range, 1–10). Patients were further evaluated to identify those who had a revision. There were 19 patients (6.1%) with a mean age of 22 years (range, 13–38 years) and a mean follow-up of 5 years (range, 1–10) that required a revision reconstruction. Gender ratios (p = 0.56) and mean age (p = 0.44) were similar among the cohorts. Family history of ACL reconstruction had no association with revision risk (p = 0.57). Those with tibialis anterior allografts (37 vs. 4%; p = 0.0001) and hamstring allografts (16 vs. 1%; p = 0.0001) were far more likely to undergo a revision. Bone-tendon-bone (BTB) patella autografts were less likely (26 vs. 73%; p = 0.0001). Sport did not play a role in revision with those injured playing basketball (p = 0.61), football (p = 0.52), lacrosse (p = 0.52), soccer (p = 0.83), and volleyball (p = 0.61). There were a greater percentage of contact injuries that required revision (95 vs. 77%; p = 0.07). Graft selection played a significant role in requiring revision surgery with allografts portending to higher revision rates and BTB patella autografts conferring a lower risk.
Burden of Care: Management of Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Murthy Jyotsna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBurden of care has become a commonly used terminology in healthcare in the recent years. Burden of care is the balance how much patients and families commit to their time, compromise quality of life, undergo multiple interventions, and take risks weighing against the benefits the patients and families receive. Cleft lip and palate, congenital anomaly, demands a long-term and interdisciplinary care. These children are at high risk of various treatment/intervention episodes increasing the burden of care. This subject has been widely discussed with many other diseases and health conditions at national, international meetings, and World Health Organization as well. We bring out some facts and practices affecting the burden of care in cleft lip and palate.
Simulation method of Wolter type I grazing incidence telescope imaging of an X-ray region
Authors: Liu Peng , Chen Bo , Zhang Ya-Chao , He Ling-Ping , Wang Xiao-Dong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a method for simulating Wolter type I grazing incidence telescope imaging of an X-ray region. The imaging quality of a soft X-ray telescope is mainly affected by geometric aberrations, surface scatter and alignment errors. Using a Legendre-Fourier polynomial to fit the figure errors in the cylindrical coordinate system, the geometry of the mirror barrel with the figure errors can be modeled by the User Defined Object in ZEMAX. Based on the Harvey-Shack surface scatter theory, surface scatter is achieved by the Bidirectional Scatter Distribution Function (BSDF) scattering model. The alignment errors are calculated by a combination of experiment and simulation according to the shape of the spot resulting from the finite distance imaging experiment. By combining these factors that affect image quality, the telescope imaging of an infinity point is simulated by ZEMAX. According to the simulation results, the angular resolution of the telescope is calculated to be less than or equal to 1.86′ at a wavelength of 1.33 nm. The simulation method improves the ability of ZEMAX to simulate grazing incidence telescope imaging. This is of great significance for the research and manufacture of X-ray grazing incidence telescopes.
Calibration of X-ray telescope prototypes at PANTER
Authors: Liao Ying-Yu , Shen Zheng-Xiang , Yu Jun , Huang Qiu-Shi , Ma Bin , Zhang Zhong , Wang Xiao-Qiang , Wang Kun , Xie Chun , Burwitz Vadim , Hartner Gisela , Caria Marlis-Madeleine La , Pelliciari Carlo , Wang Zhan-Shan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We report on a ground X-ray calibration of two X-ray telescope prototypes at the PANTER X-ray Test Facility, operated by the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, in Neuried, Germany. The X-ray telescope prototypes were developed by the Institute of Precision Optical Engineering (IPOE) of Tongji University, in a conical Wolter-I configuration, using thermal glass slumping technology. Prototype #1 with three layers and Prototype #2 with 21 layers were tested to assess the prototypes’ on-axis imaging performance. The measurement of Prototype #1 indicates a Half Power Diameter (HPD) of 82″ at 1.49 keV. As for Prototype #2, we performed more comprehensive measurements of on-axis angular resolution and effective area at several energies ranging from 0.5–10 keV. The HPD and effective area are 111″ and 39 cm2 at 1.49 keV, respectively, at which energy the on-axis performance of the prototypes is our greatest concern.
Broken-up spectra of the loop-top hard X-ray source during a solar limb flare
Authors: Ning Hao , Chen Yao , Lee Jeongwoo , Wu Zhao , Su Yang , Kong Xiang-Liang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Solar hard X-rays (HXRs) appear in the form of either footpoint sources or coronal sources. Each individual source provides its own critical information on acceleration of nonthermal electrons and plasma heating. Earlier studies found that the HXR emission in some events manifests a broken-up power-law spectrum, with the break energy around a few hundred keV based on spatially-integrated spectral analysis, and it does not distinguish the contributions from individual sources. In this paper, we report on the broken-up spectra of a coronal source studied using HXR data recorded by Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) during the SOL2017–09–10T16:06 (GOES class X8.2) flare. The flare occurred behind the western limb and its footpoint sources were mostly occulted by the disk. We could clearly identify such broken-up spectra pertaining solely to the coronal source during the flare peak time and after. Since a significant pileup effect on the RHESSI spectra is expected for this intense solar flare, we have selected the pileup correction factor, p = 2. In this case, we found the resulting RHESSI temperature (∼30 MK) to be similar to the GOES soft X-ray temperature and break energies of 45–60 keV. Above the break energy, the spectrum hardens with time from spectral index of 3.4 to 2.7, and the difference in spectral indices below and above the break energy increases from 1.5 to 5 with time. However, we note that when p = 2 is assumed, a single power-law fitting is also possible with the RHESSI temperature higher than the GOES temperature by ∼10 MK. Possible scenarios for the broken-up spectra of the loop-top HXR source are briefly discussed.
Application of lime and compost on the newly established field with acid sulfate soil type in the Belandean experimental field, South Kalimantan for agricultural cultivation
Authors: Santri J A , Maas A , Utami S N H , Yusuf W A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The use of acid sulfate soils for agricultural cultivation is constrained by due to the oxidation process of pyrite (FeS), increasing the solubility of Al and Fe, which causes the pH to be more acidic. The specific strategy needed to utilize acid sulfate soil is through calcification technology combined with in situ organic materials. This study used lime at dose determined by the incubation method and organic materials from composted grey sedge plants, rice straw, and cow dung. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of organic matter on improving the chemical properties of acid sulfate soils. This research was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of control (K0), lime without organic matter (K1), lime and organic matter (K2), and organic matter without lime (K3). The results showed that the application administration of organic matter combined with lime was able to increase the pH and available cations. The highest pH was 4.79 obtained after 14 days of incubation, and the lowest pH was observed in the control treatment, which was 3.47. The highest electrical conductivity (EC) value (76.50 μS) was observed in the K2 treatment, and the lowest EC value was observed in the K0 treatment (92.40 μS). The highest Eh value was found in the K0 treatment, reaching 274.5 mV, and the lowest was observed in K3 treatment, reaching 157.1 mV. There was a positive correlation between pH and EC and a negative correlation between pH and Eh with a value of r = 0.77 ** and r = -0.69 *, respectively.
Chemical characteristics of organic-based liquid inoculant of Bacillus spp
Authors: Hindersah R , Setiawati M R , Fitriatin B N , Suryatmana P , Asmiran P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bacillus is an important soil rhizobacteria of many food crops and utilized as active substance in biofertilizer due to plant growth promoting activity. The objective of this research was to identify nutrient’s profiles and composition of primary and secondary metabolites in organic-based liquid inoculant of Bacillus spp. Proximate and molecular analysis had been carried out in laboratory by using standard method. The results verified that liquid inoculant contained organic carbon of 2.02%; small quantity of nitrogen, phosphor, potassium; and micronutrients iron and zinc. Heavy metals included lead, cadmium and chromium were detected in small amount, under the threshold level of heavy metal in organic fertilizer. The composition of primary metabolites in liquid inoculant was 0.31% of carbohydrate, 0.17% of protein, and 0.08% of lipid. The phytohormone of Indole Acetic Acid, gibberellin and cytokinin; as well as organic acids were detected in significant amount. This study suggests that consortia of Bacillus spp. enabled to synthesize phytohormone, organic acid, and exopolysaccharide which are important to promote plant growth.