bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold-water coral reefs thriving under hypoxia
Authors: Hebbeln Dierk , Wienberg Claudia , Dullo Wolf-Christian , Freiwald André , Mienis Furu , Orejas Covadonga , Titschack Jürgen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReefs formed by scleractinian cold-water corals represent unique biodiversity hot spots in the deep sea, preferring aphotic water depths of 200–1000 m. The distribution of the most prominent reef-building species Lophelia pertusa is controlled by various environmental factors including dissolved oxygen concentrations and temperature. Consequently, the expected ocean deoxygenation and warming triggered by human-induced global change are considered as a serious threat to cold-water coral reefs. Here, we present results on recently discovered reefs in the SE Atlantic, where L. pertusa thrives in hypoxic and rather warm waters. This sheds new light on its capability to adapt to extreme conditions, which is facilitated by high surface ocean productivity, resulting in extensive food supply. Putting our data in an Atlantic-wide perspective clearly demonstrates L. pertusa’s ability to develop population-specific adaptations, which are up to now hardly considered in assessing its present and future distributions.
On the performance of wavelength meters: Part 2—frequency-comb based characterization for more accurate absolute wavelength determinations
Authors: König Kristian , Imgram Phillip , Krämer Jörg , Maaß Bernhard , Mohr Konstantin , Ratajczyk Tim , Sommer Felix , Nörtershäuser Wilfried 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWavelength meters are widely used for frequency determinations and stabilization purposes since they cover a large wavelength range, provide a high read-out rate and have specified accuracies of up to $$10^{-8}$$10-8. More accurate optical frequency measurements can be achieved with frequency combs but only at the price of considerably higher costs and complexity. In the context of precise and accurate frequency determinations for high-resolution laser spectroscopy, the performance of five different wavelength meters was quantified with respect to a frequency comb. The relative precision as well as the absolute accuracy has been investigated in detail, allowing us to give a sophisticated uncertainty margin for the individual instruments. We encountered a prominent substructure on the deviation between both device types with an amplitude of a few MHz that is repeating on the GHz scale. This finally limits the precision of laser scans which are monitored and controlled with wavelength meters. While quantifying its uncertainty margins, we found a high temporal stability in the characteristics of the wavelength meters which enables the preparation of wavelength-dependent adjustment curves for wide- and short-ranged scans. With this method, the absolute accuracy of wavelength meters can be raised up to the MHz level independently from the wavelength of the reference laser used for calibrating the device. Since this technique can be universally applied, it can lead to benefits in all fields of wavelength meter applications.
Cross-sectoral video consultations in cancer care: perspectives of cancer patients, oncologists and general practitioners
Authors: Trabjerg Theis Bitz , Jensen Lars Henrik , Søndergaard Jens , Sisler Jeffrey James , Hansen Dorte Gilså 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Multidisciplinary video consultations are one method of improving coherence and coordination of care in cancer patients, but knowledge of user perspectives is lacking. Continuity of care is expected to have a significant impact on the quality of cancer care. Enhanced task clarification and shared responsibility between the patient, oncologist and general practitioner through video consultations might provide enhanced continuity in cancer care.

Method
We used descriptive survey data from patients and doctors in the intervention group based on a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the user perspectives and fidelity of the intervention.

Results
Patients expressed that they were able to present their concerns in 95% of the consultations, and believed it was beneficial to have both their doctors present in 84%. The general practitioner and oncologist found that tripartite video consultation would lead to better coordination of care in almost 90% of the consultations. However, the benefits of handling social issues and comorbidity were sparser. Consultations were not accomplished in 11% due to technical problems and sound and video quality were non-satisfactory in 20%.

Conclusion
Overall, multidisciplinary video consultations between cancer patient, general practitioner and oncologist were feasible in daily clinics. Initial barriers to address were technical issues and seamless planning. Patients reported high satisfaction, patient centredness and clarity of roles. General practitioners and oncologists were overall positive regarding role clarification and continuity, although less pronounced than patients.

Trial registration
www.clincialtrials.gov, NCT02716168.
What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents? A 10-year follow-up
Authors: Daukantaitė Daiva , Lundh Lars-Gunnar , Wångby-Lundh Margit , Claréus Benjamin , Bjärehed Jonas , Zhou Ya , Liljedahl Sophie I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study examined the longitudinal associations between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in early adolescence and various positive and negative aspects of mental health in young adulthood. The participants were a cohort of regular school students (n = 1064) in grades 7–8 from a Swedish municipality. Nine hundred and ninety-one of these completed an 11-page questionnaire (T1: Mage = 13.7; 50.3% girls); 1 year later, 984 students completed the questionnaire again (T2: Mage = 14.8; 51.1% girls); and 10 years later, 557 took part (T3: Mage = 25.3; 59.2% women). The prevalence of any NSSI (≥ 1 instance) decreased from about 40% in adolescence to 18.7% in young adulthood, while the prevalence of repetitive NSSI (≥ 5 instances) decreased from about 18 to 10%. Compared to individuals who reported no NSSI as adolescents, and controlling for gender and psychological difficulties in adolescence, adolescents with stable repetitive NSSI (i.e., repetitive NSSI at both T1 and T2) showed significantly higher levels of stress, anxiety, NSSI, and difficulties in emotion regulation 10 years later. Even infrequent and unstable repetitive NSSI in adolescence was associated with negative outcomes in young adulthood. These results suggest that stable repetitive NSSI in adolescence is a strong risk factor for mental health problems in young adulthood and that occasional engagement in NSSI in adolescence is an indicator of vulnerability for poorer mental health in young adulthood.
The role of EC-IC bypass in ICA blood blister aneurysms—a systematic review
Authors: Meling Torstein R. , Patet Gildas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo perform a systematic review of extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery with parent vessel trapping for blood blister–like aneurysms (BBAs) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) according to PRISMA guidelines. Search of PubMed using “bypass” [all fields] and “ICA” [all fields] or “internal carotid artery” [all fields] and (“blood blister–like aneurysm” [MeSH terms]. Thirty-four original articles were identified, of which 21 were excluded (treatment not including bypass or insufficient details on complications or clinical outcomes). Thirteen articles published between 2008 and 2019 were included, totaling 98 patients, with a median of 7.5 patients per article (range 1–17). Mean age was 53.3 years (range 23–80). The main techniques were external carotid artery to middle cerebral artery (ECA-MCA) in 81% and superficial temporal artery to MCA (STA-MCA) in 19%. The most common grafts were radial artery (74%) and STA (19%). The risk of intraoperative rupture varied from 0 to 75%, with a mean of 12%. With respect to clinical outcomes, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was not stated in 30% of the cases. When stated, mRS was ≤ 2 in 79%, mRS was 3–5 in 10%, and 4% had mRS 6 (death). We identified only 13 articles, with no prospective studies. Outcomes were better than generally reported for ruptured aneurysms, both with respect to poor outcome (mRS > 2) and in-hospital mortality, perhaps reflecting a selection bias. In general, the data reporting quality was low, precluding any firm conclusions, but EC-IC bypass with ICA trapping may be a valid treatment option for ruptured ICA BBAs.
Art-Science Collaboration in an EPSRC/BBSRC-Funded Synthetic Biology UK Research Centre
Authors: Reinsborough Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHere I examine the potential for art-science collaborations to be the basis for deliberative discussions on research agendas and direction. Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has become a science policy goal in synthetic biology and several other high-profile areas of scientific research. While art-science collaborations offer the potential to engage both publics and scientists and thus possess the potential to facilitate the desired “mutual responsiveness” (René von Schomberg) between researchers, institutional actors, publics and various stakeholders, there are potential challenges in effectively implementing collaborations as well as dangers in potentially instrumentalizing artistic work for science policy or innovation agendas when power differentials in collaborations remain unacknowledged. Art-science collaborations can be thought of as processes of exchange which require acknowledgement of and attention to artistic agendas (how can science be a conceptual and material resource for new aesthetics work) as well as identification of and attention to aesthetic dimensions of scientific research (how are aesthetics and affective framings a part of a specific epistemological resource for scientific research). I suggest the advantage of specifically identifying public engagement/science communication as a distinct aspect of such projects so that aesthetic, scientific or social science/philosophical research agendas are not subsumed to the assumption that the primary or only value of art-science collaborations is as a form of public engagement or science communication to mediate biological research community public relations. Likewise, there may be potential benefits of acknowledging an art-science-RRI triangle as stepping stone to a more reflexive research agenda within the STS/science communication/science policy community. Using BrisSynBio, an EPSRC/BBSRC-funded research centre in synthetic biology, I will discuss the framing for art-science collaborations and practical implementation and make remarks on what happened there. The empirical evidence reviewed here supports the model I propose but additionally, points to the need to broaden the conception of and possible purposes, or motivations for art, for example, in the case of cross-sectoral collaboration with community engaged art.
Streben nach Macht fern von Ethik: Die „dunkle Triade“ bei Führungskräften und die Folgen für Organisationen
Authors: Schiemann Sandra Julia , Jonas Eva 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie dunkle Triade – bestehend aus Narzissmus, Machiavellismus und Psychopathie – ist mit stark unethischen Verhaltensweisen verknüpft. Personen mit hohen Ausprägungen können dementsprechend zu vielen negativen Folgen für eine Organisation führen. In diesem Artikel wird die dunkle Triade mit ihren Risiken genauer beleuchtet und die Relevanz einer ethischen Unternehmenskultur betont, die bereits bei der Stellenbesetzung beginnen sollte. Der Artikel bietet eine Übersicht über aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zur dunklen Triade in Organisationen und ergänzt diese durch Interviews aus Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft.
Forecasting International Sugar Prices: A Bayesian Model Average Analysis
Authors: Amrouk El Mamoun , Heckelei Thomas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the relative importance of key variables for the prediction of international sugar prices. Understanding movements in world sugar prices helps policy-makers and participants in the sugar value chain to formulate effective investment strategies and forecast the effects of market shocks more accurately. We combine a Bayesian model averaging (BMA) technique to address specification uncertainty with an out-of-sample analysis to evaluate price predictability. Results show that world sugar quotations are mostly influenced by their own dynamics, changes in international staple food prices, sugar production costs, and macroeconomic variables. The predictability of the BMA is found to be generally high, compared with a sample of benchmark time series approaches.
Kinder als „Stakeholder“ in Kindertageseinrichtungen [KiSte] – Studie zu den Sichtweisen der Kinder auf institutionelle Arrangements
Authors: Witton Tom , Gramelt Katja , Skalska Agata , Thole Werner 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Forschungsprojekt Kinder als „Stakeholder“ in Kindertageseinrichtungen (KiSte) zielt auf die empirisch fundierte Erfassung der unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen von Kindern auf ihre Kindertageseinrichtung (Kita). Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Kinder ihre eigenständigen Ideen zur Ausgestaltung der frühpädagogischen Arrangements haben, diese aber nicht durchgängig im Diskurs um die Weiterentwicklung frühpädagogischer Arrangements wahrgenommen werden. Da Kinder neben den Pädagog*innen die zentralen Akteur*innen und Gestalter*innen des pädagogischen und sozialen Alltags in Kitas sind, erhalten sie im Forschungsvorhaben die Möglichkeit, für sie Relevantes und Zeigenswertes zu filmen und in parallel verlaufenden Interviews ihre jeweiligen Deutungsweisen darzulegen.
Two-Dimensional Tellurium: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects
Authors: Shi Zhe , Cao Rui , Khan Karim , Tareen Ayesha Khan , Liu Xiaosong , Liang Weiyuan , Zhang Ye , Ma Chunyang , Guo Zhinan , Luo Xiaoling , Zhang Han 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSince the successful fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) tellurium (Te) in 2017, its fascinating properties including a thickness dependence bandgap, environmental stability, piezoelectric effect, high carrier mobility, and photoresponse among others show great potential for various applications. These include photodetectors, field-effect transistors, piezoelectric devices, modulators, and energy harvesting devices. However, as a new member of the 2D material family, much less known is about 2D Te compared to other 2D materials. Motivated by this lack of knowledge, we review the recent progress of research into 2D Te nanoflakes. Firstly, we introduce the background and motivation of this review. Then, the crystal structures and synthesis methods are presented, followed by an introduction to their physical properties and applications. Finally, the challenges and further development directions are summarized. We believe that milestone investigations of 2D Te nanoflakes will emerge soon, which will bring about great industrial revelations in 2D materials-based nanodevice commercialization.
Aviation Sports Crashes in the Austrian Mountains: A 10-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Ströhle Mathias , Woyke Simon , Wallner Bernd , Brodmann Maeder Monika , Brugger Hermann , Paal Peter 
Published: April 2020

Introduction We aimed to describe the epidemiology and injury patterns of aviation sports crashes in the Austrian mountains and identify risk factors. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, out-of-hospital data on patients who sustained crashes when participating in aviation sports from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2015 were assessed. The out-of-hospital data were merged with in-hospital data obtained from Innsbruck Medical University Hospital. Results A total of 2037 persons were involved in 1856 aviation sports crashes. Data on 126 in-hospital patients were available. Wind and pilot error were the most common causes. Most injuries occurred in paragliders (n=111, 88%). Most commonly, paragliders sustained injuries to the lumbar spine and hang gliders to the thoracic spine. Rescue operations were undertaken mainly by helicopter emergency medical services (n=87, 69%) or combined rescue forces (ground and helicopter, n=100, 79%.). The Injury Severity Score was 15±15, with a peak in patients with isolated injuries of the lower extremities (n=38, 32%) and a second peak in patients with multiple trauma (n=44, 35%). Conclusions In the Austrian mountains, wind and pilot errors are the most common causes of aviation crashes. Aviation sports crashes frequently resulted in severe injuries and multiple trauma. The lumbar spine is particularly at risk in paragliders, whereas the thoracic spine is commonly affected in hang gliders. Injuries frequently caused long-term paralysis and limitations in quality of life. To minimize long-term consequences and save lives, skilled and well-equipped teams may be beneficial to provide effective on-site care and safe transportation to a trauma center.
Review of Scorpion Stings and Snakebites Treated by the French Military Health Service During Overseas Operations Between 2015 and 2017
Authors: Bomba Aurore , Favaro Pascal , Haus Rachel , Aigle Luc , Jean François-Xavier , Dauphin Isabelle , Guigon Pierre , Fontaine Bruno , Puidupin Marc , Demoncheaux Jean-Paul , Larréché Sébastien 
Published: April 2020

Introduction Depending on their theatre of operation, French soldiers may potentially be exposed to scorpion stings and snakebites. Following the recommendations of a French military health service (FMHS) technical committee for envenomation, the FMHS provides antivenoms appropriate to each deployment. This work aimed to evaluate this risk of envenomation and to assess the antivenoms used by the FMHS in operational theatres since the creation of this committee in 2015. Methods Cases were identified based on a review of temporary authorization of use application forms for the use of antivenom. Data were collected retrospectively from these forms, and prescribing physicians were contacted for any missing data. Results Between 2015 and 2017, 28 requests for temporary authorization of use were identified: 19 for Scorpifav (Sanofi-Pasteur, Lyon, France) and 9 for Fav-Afrique (Sanofi-Pasteur). The FMHS treated 15 soldiers and 4 civilians for scorpion envenomation with Scorpifav: 15 in Mali, 3 in Chad, and 1 in Niger. Systemic signs were observed in 7 patients. Two soldiers and 7 civilians were treated with Fav-Afrique for ophidian envenomation: 5 in Djibouti, 3 in Mali, and 1 in the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire. These 28 patients were treated without sequelae. Other than moderate erythema that resolved with an antihistamine, no adverse effects were reported. Medical evacuation to France was unnecessary. Conclusions This study shows that the risk of envenomation for soldiers on deployment is low but real. Antivenoms used by the FMHS were efficient and well tolerated, preserving the operational capacity of deployed troops.
Using volunteers to improve the experience of older patients in the emergency department
Authors: Ellis Brittany , Melady Don , Foster Nicoda , Sinha Samir , Lau Vicki , Saraga Stephanie , McLeod Shelley L. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe Maximizing Aging Using Volunteer Engagement in the Emergency Department (MAUVE + ED) program connects specially trained volunteers with older patients whose personal and social needs are not always met within the busy ED environment. The objective of this study was to describe the development and implementation of the MAUVE + ED program.MethodsVolunteers were trained to identify and approach older patients at risk for adverse outcomes, including poor patient experience, and invite such patients to participate in the program. The program is available to all patients >65 years, and those with confusion, patients who were alone, those with mobility issues, and patients with increased length of stay in the ED. Volunteers documented their activities after each patient encounter using a standardized paper-based data collection form.ResultsOver the program's initial 6-month period, the MAUVE + ED volunteers reported a total of 896 encounters with 718 unique patients. The median time (interquartile range [IQR]) a MAUVE volunteer spent with a patient was 10 minutes (IQR = 5, 20), with a range of 1 to 130 minutes. The median number of patients seen per shift was 7 (IQR = 6, 9), with a range of 1 to 16 patients per shift. The most common activities the volunteer assisted with were therapeutic activities/social visits (n = 859; 95.9%), orientation activities (n = 501; 55.9%), and hydration assistance (n = 231; 25.8%). The least common were mobility assistance (n = 36; 4.0%), and vision/hearing assistance (n = 13; 1.5%).ConclusionsPreliminary data suggest the MAUVE + ED volunteers were able to provide additional care to older adults and their families/carers in the ED.
Recent Developments in Calibration for Archaeological and Environmental Samples
Authors: van der Plicht J , Bronk Ramsey C , Heaton T J , Scott E M , Talamo S 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe curves recommended for calibrating radiocarbon (14C) dates into absolute dates have been updated. For calibrating atmospheric samples from the Northern Hemisphere, the new curve is called IntCal20. This is accompanied by associated curves SHCal20 for the Southern Hemisphere, and Marine20 for marine samples. In this “companion article” we discuss advances and developments that have led to improvements in the updated curves and highlight some issues of relevance for the general readership. In particular the dendrochronological based part of the curve has seen a significant increase in data, with single-year resolution for certain time ranges, extending back to 13,910 calBP. Beyond the tree rings, the new curve is based upon an updated combination of marine corals, speleothems, macrofossils, and varved sediments and now reaches back to 55,000 calBP. Alongside these data advances, we have developed a new, bespoke statistical curve construction methodology to allow better incorporation of the diverse constituent records and produce a more robust curve with uncertainties. Combined, these data and methodological advances offer the potential for significant new insight into our past. We discuss some implications for the user, such as the dating of the Santorini eruption and also some consequences of the new curve for Paleolithic archaeology.