bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of high-volume image-guided injection in the chronic non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy: a retrospective case series
Authors: Nielsen Torsten Grønbech , Miller Lene Lindberg , Mygind-Klavsen Bjarne , Lind Martin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate if High-volume Image-guided Injection (HVIGI)-treatment for chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) improve function and reduce pain at 12-months follow-up.

Methods
Patients with resistant mid-portion AT who failed to improve after a three-month eccentric loading program were included in the study. Maximal tendon thickness was assessed with ultrasound. All patients were injected with 10 mL of 0.5% Marcaine, 0.5 mL Triamcinolonacetonid (40 mg/mL) and 40 mL of 0.9% NaCl saline solution under real-time ultrasound-guidance and high pressure. All outcome measures were recorded at baseline and 12 months. A standardized eccentric rehabilitation protocol was prescribed after HVIGI-treatment. Clinical outcome was assessed with the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles tendon questionnaire (VISA-A) and statistically analyses were performed.

Results
The study included 30 single treatment HVIGI procedures in AT in 28 patients (23 men, 5 women) with a mean age of 45.1 (range 16–63). The mean duration of symptoms before HVIGI was 37 months. The baseline VISA-A score of 50 ± 15 (range 14–74) improved to 61 ± 21 (range 31–94) after 1 year (p = 0.04). Of the 30 AT procedures 10 patients (11 AT) were not satisfied after the initial HVIGI procedure. Of these, 8 patients (9 AT) needed additional HVIGI and two patients needed surgery. Of the remaining 18 patients (19 AT), 10 patients had more than a 10-point improvement in the VISA-A score after 1 year.

Conclusions
In this retrospective case-study, only 10 patients (33%) did benefit of a single HVIGI treatment at 12-months and an 11-point significant improvement was seen at on the VISA-A score.
Organic matter quality of forest floor as a driver of C and P dynamics in acacia and eucalypt plantations established on a Ferralic Arenosols, Congo
Authors: Koutika Lydie-Stella , Cafiero Lorenzo , Bevivino Annamaria , Merino Agustín 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Land-use change and forest management may alter soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrient dynamics, due in part to alterations in litter input and quality. Acacia was introduced in eucalypt plantations established in the Congolese coastal plains to improve soil fertility and tree growth. Eucalypt trees were expected to benefit from N2 fixed by acacia. However, some indicators suggest a perturbation in SOM and P dynamics might affect the sustainability of the system in the medium and long term. In tropical environments, most of the nutrient processes are determined by the high rates of organic matter (OM) mineralization. Therefore, SOM stability might play a crucial role in regulating soil-plant processes. In spite of this, the relationship between SOM quality, C and other nutrient dynamics are not well understood. In the present study, OM quality and P forms in forest floor and soil were investigated to get more insight on the C and P dynamics useful to sustainable management of forest plantations.

Methods
Thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA)) and nuclear magnetic resonance (solid state 13C CPMASS and NMR and 31P-NMR) spectroscopy have been applied to partially decomposed forest floor and soils of pure acacia and eucalypt, and mixed-species acacia-eucalypt stands.

Results
Thermal analysis and 13C NMR analysis revealed a more advanced stage of humification in forest floor of acacia-eucalypt stands, suggesting a greater microbial activity in its litter. SOM were related to the OM recalcitrance of the forest floor, indicating this higher microbial activity of the forest floor in this stand might be favouring the incorporation of C into the mineral soil.

Conclusions
In relation with the fast mineralization in this environment, highly soluble orthophosphate was the dominant P form in both forest floor and soils. However, the mixed-species forest stands immobilized greater P in organic forms, preventing the P losses by leaching and contributing to sustain the P demand in the medium term. This shows that interactions between plants, microorganisms and soil can sustain the demand of this ecosystem. For this, the forest floor plays a key role in tightening the P cycle, minimizing the P losses.
Promoting digital humanitarian action in protecting human rights: hope or hype
Authors: Akhmatova Dzhennet-Mari , Akhmatova Malika-Sofi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe digital transformation has affected every aspect of human being by bringing fundamental changes in technology, culture, operations, and principles of creating new products and services in the framework of economic globalization and innovations. Humanitarian action has not been left out either as the implementation of digital solutions provides large-scale opportunities to enhance the performance of humanitarian practices and, as a result, the capability to save more lives of people affected by armed conflicts or disasters, migrants, and refugees. In this commentary, we are focused on such a vulnerable subject as human rights, freedoms, and dignity protection in the digital domain of humanitarian assistance since it is inextricably linked to risks and threats of being a member of the digital world. We consider and synthesize the experience of parties involved into the valuable work on humanitarian action and highlight the lessons from the past as well as decisions taken in the present to fundamentally update and adapt humanitarian assistance to confidently meet challenges while protecting its fundamental principles and add value to humanitarian missions.
Morphometric and density comparisons of Bos taurus scapulae as a proxy to human frontal crania
Authors: Taylor S. C. , Hammer N. , Zwirner J. , Ondruschka B. , Kieser D. C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the absence of cadaveric tissues, forensic simulation, trauma modelling, and cranial surgical training necessitates a surrogate for the human calvaria. This study investigates the validity ofBos taurusscapulae as a proxy for human frontal bones by comparing the laminar and cancellous bone thickness, as well as the bone mineral density (BMD) of cadaveric frontal bones and adultBos taurusscapulae.ResultsThis study aimed to validate the bovine scapulae as a valid proxy for forensic experiments, which benefit researchers and investigators who need to recreate forensic scenarios where synthetic proxies are found unsuitable due to their non-viscoelastic nature and cadaveric human models are unavailable due to ethical restrictions. Our results identified different total thicknesses of the relative bones, but non-different cortical measurements between human frontal bone and bovine scapulae. The bone mineral density is similar between both groups.ConclusionThis study has foundBos taurusscapulae to be a suitable proxy for human frontal bones as it has a similar morphology with regard to thickness and structure as well as a comparable density. However, there is a significant difference between the cancellous bone, and therefore, the overall thickness.
Investigation of different pre-treatments of chromium leather shavings to improve biogas production
Authors: Gomes Carolina Scaraffuni , Repke Jens-Uwe , Meyer Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chromium shavings are wet by-products of the leather industry, of which thousands of tons accrue worldwide during leather manufacture. Due to their chromium content, chromium shavings are responsible for the most important ecological challenges caused by the leather industry. They are stable towards temperatures of up to 110 °C and enzymatic degradation. This high stability is caused by the three-dimensional native structure, typical for collagen, and additional chemical cross-links between the collagen fibres achieved by Cr3+ salts in the tanning process. Therefore, hitherto chromium shavings are not utilized industrially to produce biogas. In order to generate biogas, this stable structure has to be denatured. Chromium shavings were pre-treated by extrusion and hydrothermal methods. To prove the enzymatic degradability, the different pre-treatments were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), enzymatic assays, and by measuring the solubility in water. The biogas production potential was investigated using batch trials to examine feasibility. Results demonstrated that both pre-treatments allowed enzymatic attack and increased degradability of the chromium shavings reducing the lag-phase of biogas production and the remaining waste.

Graphical abstract
Multivariable Prediction Model for Biochemical Response to First-Generation Somatostatin Receptor Ligands in Acromegaly
Authors: Coopmans Eva C , Korevaar Tim I M , van Meyel Sebastiaan W F , Daly Adrian F , Chanson Philippe , Brue Thierry , Delemer Brigitte , Hána Václav , Colao Annamaria , Carvalho Davide , Jaffrain-Rea Marie-Lise , Stalla Günter K , Fajardo-Montañana Carmen , Beckers Albert , van der Lely Aart J , Petrossians Patrick , Neggers Sebastian J C M M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
First-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs) represent the mainstay of medical therapy for acromegaly, but they provide biochemical control of disease in only a subset of patients. Various pretreatment biomarkers might affect biochemical response to fg-SRLs.

Objective
To identify clinical predictors of the biochemical response to fg-SRLs monotherapy defined as biochemical response (insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 ≤ 1.3 × ULN (upper limit of normal)), partial response (&gt;20% relative IGF-1 reduction without normalization), and nonresponse (≤20% relative IGF-1 reduction), and IGF-1 reduction.

Design
Retrospective multicenter study.

Setting
Eight participating European centers.

Methods
We performed a meta-analysis of participant data from 2 cohorts (Rotterdam and Liège acromegaly survey, 622 out of 3520 patients). Multivariable regression models were used to identify predictors of biochemical response to fg-SRL monotherapy.

Results
Lower IGF-1 concentration at baseline (odds ratio (OR) = 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72–0.95 IGF-1 ULN, P = .0073) and lower bodyweight (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–0.99 kg, P = .038) were associated with biochemical response. Higher IGF-1 concentration at baseline (OR = 1.40, (1.19–1.65) IGF-1 ULN, P ≤ .0001), the presence of type 2 diabetes (oral medication OR = 2.48, (1.43–4.29), P = .0013; insulin therapy OR = 2.65, (1.02–6.70), P = .045), and higher bodyweight (OR = 1.02, (1.01–1.04) kg, P = .0023) were associated with achieving partial response. Younger patients at diagnosis are more likely to achieve nonresponse (OR = 0.96, (0.94–0.99) year, P = .0070). Baseline IGF-1 and growth hormone concentration at diagnosis were associated with absolute IGF-1 reduction (β = 0.90, standard error (SE) = 0.02, P ≤ .0001 and β  = 0.002, SE = 0.001, P = .014, respectively).

Conclusion
Baseline IGF-1 concentration was the best predictor of biochemical response to fg-SRL, followed by bodyweight, while younger patients were more likely to achieve nonresponse.
Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mass After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ha Jeonghoon , Park Sung-Soo , Park Silvia , Yoon Jae-Ho , Baek Ki-Hyun , Kim Hee-Je , Lee Seok , Kim Mi Ran , Kang Moo Il , Lee Jong Wook 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context and Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) in young women who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Participants and Methods
This retrospective cohort included 234 female patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) who underwent allogeneic HSCT between April 2009 and April 2016 at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital in Seoul, Korea. Inclusion criteria included adult patients who were age 40 years or younger at the time of transplantation and were followed for at least 3 years after HSCT.

Results
At the first and second years after HRT, there was a significant increase in the BMD of the lumbar spine of the HRT group (n = 170) compared to that of the non-HRT group (n = 64) (P = .033 and P = .047, respectively). The BMD of the lumbar spine significantly increased from baseline by 4.16 ± 4.39% and 5.42 ± 5.86% after 1 and 2 years of HRT, respectively (P = .037 and P = .021). The BMD of the femoral neck and total hip also showed a significant percentage increase from baseline after 2 years of HRT. These changes were significant even in the presence of graft-versus-host disease or steroid exposure. For HRT that was initiated within 12 months after HSCT, the increase in BMD in the lumbar spine was greatest after 2 years of HRT.

Conclusions
These results support that early and active hormonal therapy might be beneficial for BMD in female HSCT recipients with POI.
Debates in the Field
Authors: Briggs Laura 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDebt and imperialism have long been crucial questions for transnational feminism. This article attends particularly to recent and historical traditions of resistance in Puerto Rico and the wider Caribbean. It argues that part of the intellectual and political struggle has been to identify debt as an extractive enterprise and seize hold of a notion of freedom that is robust enough to resist what Jodi Kim and Michael Hudson have called “debt imperialism.” Paying attention to the recent Puerto Rican revolt against the governor, the fiscal control board, the management of hurricane relief, femicide, and policing, this article attends to deep histories of slavery, revolt, and marronage as resources for a feminist rejection of the liberal notions of freedom that make indebtedness possible.
Federada Testimonioson the Ground
Authors: Garcia Alyssa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn 1961, several mass organizations in Cuba collaborated as Fidel Castro launched a national campaign against prostitution. By 1965, only four years later, the Revolution proclaimed “the elimination of prostitution” in Cuba. This article examines the Cuban Revolution’s national campaign to end prostitution as a case study to investigate how gender and patriarchy affect the ways social change is operationalized. Interested in the relationship between social and cultural change, following the tradition of feminist historians, this article utilizes the oral histories of two Cuban federada women involved in the State’s campaign to consider how the Revolution’s macro program was implemented and carried out at micro level. The narratives of these local agents in the everyday spaces of the campaign provide a bottom-up lens which can be juxtaposed with the Revolution’s proclaimed “success.” These testimonios detail how gender and patriarchy played out on the ground, limiting the campaign’s efforts toward social change, therefore demonstrating the tensions and contradictions of how social change is exercised within human agency and constraint.
Evaluation of clinical efficacy of Chemotherapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma in children
Authors: Ning Zhaohui , Liu Xiping , Qin Guang , Wei Lei , Li Xia , Shen Jingjing 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of rhabdomyosarcoma in children and the efficacy of the methods.
Methods: The clinical data of 30 children with rhabdomyosarcoma who were admitted to our hospital from August 2013 to August 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics were summarized, and the curative effect and prognosis were evaluated.
Results: Among all the children (N=30), there were 20 males and 10 females, with a median age of 3.5 years. As to the primary site, there were 13 cases of head and neck, 11 cases of trunk, three cases of urogenital system and three cases of limbs. There were 25 cases of embryonic type, 4 cases of alveolar type and one case of polymorphic type. As regards clinical stage, there were one case of stage I, 9 cases of stage II, 13 cases of stage III and 7 cases of stage IV. There were one case of low risk, 19 cases of medium risk and 10 cases of high risk. Eight cases received surgery alone, 22 cases received combined treatment of surgery and chemotherapy (the chemotherapeutics followed three schemes, low-risk group (VAC+VA), moderate risk group (VAC) and high risk group (alternating use of VDC and IE). Among all the cases (N=30), there were 14 cases of complete remission (CR), five cases of partial remission (PR), four cases of stable disease (SD), and 7 cases of progressive disease (PD). The CR rate was (N=14, 46.7%). The three-year overall survival (OS) rate was (N=19, 63.3%). The clinical efficacy and prognosis of children receiving surgery and chemotherapy were better than those of children receiving surgery alone, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Rhabdomyosarcoma in children frequently happens in the head, neck and trunk. Embryonic type is the main pathological type of rhabdomyosarcoma. Comprehensive and standardized treatment based on surgery and chemotherapy is an important way to improve the curative effect in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in children.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1829
How to cite this:Ning Z, Liu X, Qin G, Wei L, Li X, Shen J. Evaluation of clinical efficacy of Chemotherapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma in children. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1069-1074. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1829
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Role of serum matrix metalloproteinase in the diagnosis of gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhou Liya , Lin Sanren , Yao Bei 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To determine the clinical value of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) antibody array in diagnosing gastric cancer (GC).
Methods: In this prospective study, serum samples of patients with GC (n=66) and non-neoplastic gastric disease (NGD; n=34) were collected between November 2017 and July 2018. The quantitative measurement of 10 MMP-related proteins was done using MMP arrays and compared between the two groups.
Results: The serum levels of MMPs 3, 8, 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) 1 and 2 were significantly higher in the GC group than in the NGD group (p<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of the 10 MMP proteins for the diagnosis of GC varied between 0.500 and 0.658. The total AUC of all MMPs was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.837-0.957). The total AUC of the five MMPs (MMPs 3, 8, 9, and TIMPs 1 and 2) was 0.821 (95% CI: 0.733-0.909) for diagnosing GC. Also, the 10-factor and 5-factor predictive models had good diagnostic ability for early GC with an AUC of 0.865 (95% CI: 0.753-0.977) and 0.749 (95% CI: 0.600-0.898), respectively.
Conclusions: The detection of multiple serum MMPs with protein biochip technology is promising to be used as a novel non-invasive tool for facilitating early diagnosis or screening of GC.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2059
How to cite this:Liu J, Zhou L, Lin S, Yao B. Role of serum matrix metalloproteinase in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1025-1031. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2059
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Labour pain management practices among obstetric care providers in Hawassa city, Ethiopia
Authors: Wakgari Negash , Mekonnen Mekdes , Lema Berhanu , Negasu Adisu , Lulu Bethlehem , Abebe Eyerusalem 
Published: June 2020

Background/aimsIn Ethiopia, a country with low rates of delivery in institutions, managing labour pain can help as an incentive to enhance institutional delivery. This study aimed to assess labour pain management practice, attitudes towards these practices and associated sociodemographic characteristics among obstetric care providers.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among obstetric care providers from 15–30 May, 2018. A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the labour pain management practices of participants and attitudes towards these practices. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between sociodemographic characteristics and labour pain management practices and attitudes.ResultsOnly 13.8% of providers routinely practiced labour pain management. Participants who were a physician (adjusted odds ratio=0.18, P=0.001) or had 5 years or more experience (adjusted odds ratio=0.41, P=0.001) were less likely to practice labour pain management. Participants with a BSc or higher degree (adjusted odds ratio=3.58, P=0.003) or a favourable attitude (adjusted odds ratio=2.97, P=0.001) were more likely to practice labour pain management.Conclusions:The overall practicing of labour pain management among obstetric care providers in Hawassa city was low. A national protocol on labour pain management practice for obstetric care providers should be developed to address this.
Legendrian normally flat submanifols of $\mathcal{S}$-space forms
Authors: Mahi F. , Belkhelfa M. 
Published: June 2020

In the present study, we consider a Legendrian normally flat submanifold $M$ of $(2n+s)$-dimensional $\mathcal{S}$-space form $\widetilde{M}^{2n+s}(c)$ of constant $\varphi$-sectional curvature $c$. We have shown that if $M$ is pseudo-parallel then $M$ is semi-parallel or totally geodesic.
We also prove that if $M$ is Ricci generalized pseudo-parallel, then either it is minimal or $L=\frac{1}{n-1}$, when $c\neq -3s$.
Efektivitas Pengawasan Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen pada Pencantuman Klausul Baku di Provinsi Dki Jakarta
Authors: Darmawan Rizky , Mustolih Mustolih 
Published: June 2020

This thesis aims to determine the effectiveness of the supervision of BPSK in the inclusion of the raw clause in DKI Jakarta province. And how the regulation related to the supervision of the inclusion of the raw clause set out in the decree of the Minister of Industry and Trade No. 350/MPP/KEP/12/2001 on the implementation of duties and authorities of consumer dispute resolution bodies. The type of research used in this study is Yuridis empirical. It is an empirical approach to analyzing the extent to which a regulation or legislation or law is effectively in effect, In this case the approach can be used to analyze qualitative. The result of this thesis research shows that BPSK DKI Jakarta Province has not been able to play an active role in supervising the inclusion of the raw clause according to the duties and authorities because there is no regulation related to the technical rules of the supervision of the raw clause in consumer protection legislation. Although not optimal in conducting the supervision of the standard clause, in this case the assemblies of BPSK DKI Jakarta can only interpret the authority stated in the consumer Protection law regarding the supervision of the inclusion of the raw clause. Although it is still in the fumbling stage and learn from cases that have been disputed by consumers in conducting supervision of the standard clause.