bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratio, Mean Platelet Volume–Platelet Count Ratios: Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Prostate Carcinoma, Stomach Carcinoma, and Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Srikanth V S , Pillai M Gopala Krishna , Keechilot Cinzia , Rajkumar Ashwin , Tatineni Tushar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the study is to study the potential role of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV)–platelet ratio as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and aplastic anemia. Materials and Methods: We have conducted the present study by screening 208,486 patients who have got admitted during January 2013–June 2017 as in patients in our hospital. The data collected were analyzed for NLR, PLR, and MPV–platelet ratio. Inclusion Criteria: Patients admitted with a diagnosis of HCC, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and aplastic anemia irrespective of the age and gender. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with multiple malignancies, the presence of secondary infection, and any source of sepsis. SPSS tool was used for statistical analysis. Results: Cost-effective predictive and prognostic biomarkers identified in the study are – NLR for liver cancer, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer; PLR for prostate and stomach cancer; MPV/plate ratio can be used in addition to NLR for liver cancer. These ratios were not significant in aplastic anemia. Conclusion: From our study, we conclude that NLR and PLR are better cost-effective predictor and prognostic markers of HCC, prostate cancer, and stomach cancer. These ratios can be used at the primary health-care level as it can be derived from a simple complete blood count/peripheral smear. Early identification of carcinoma is possible using these potential markers along with the respective clinical presentations and symptoms. These ratios will reduce the financial burden on the patients from rural and low socioeconomic background and will aid in better management of the disease process.
Study of the Use of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine in Indian Cancer Patients
Authors: Shetty Nishitha , Rai Paraashar Ravindranath , Shetty Arpitha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The use of alternative forms of medicine is well known in India, especially amongst cancer patients but there are very few studies that have investigated its usage and benefits. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of the use of Traditional medicine, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) by cancer patients visiting a cancer care center. This study laid an emphasis on the predictors of use of CAM. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study conducted from March 2017 to May 2017 at a tertiary cancer care center. After obtaining informed consent, patients were handed a questionnaire and their responses were analyzed. Data analysis tools of Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used for statistics. Results: A total of 407 patients took part in the study. The prevalence of traditional medicine and CAM was found to be 23.5% (96 patients). The mean duration of CAM use was 4.8 months (0.25 months–48 months). About 77% of the users had an education level below the upper primary level, of which 30.02% were illiterate. About 62.5% of the users were below poverty line. Nearly, 41.7% of the patients had not received any allopathic treatment before starting traditional medicine and CAM and did so for a mean duration of 4 months. About 53% of the patients who received some form of traditional medicine and CAM claim to have experienced some symptomatic benefits from its use. Nearly, 68.75% of the users were simultaneously receiving conventional anticancer therapy. Traditional medicine and CAM use was disclosed to the treating physician by 55% of the patients. Conclusion: Traditional medicine and CAM use have been shown to have a high prevalence among the less-educated and the economically backward sections of the society. There is not sufficient data to support the effectiveness and safety of traditional medicine and CAM. physicians have to acknowledge the increasing incidence of traditional medicine and CAM use in the population and actively inquire and educate the patients on its use.
FoxO3a Gene Down-regulation in Pathogenesis of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Mirzaie Malihe , Nasiri Mahboobeh , Karimi Mehran , Yavarian Majid , Kavosi Arghavan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy found in the pediatrics with the peak prevalence between the ages of 2 and 5 years. The constitutive activation of PI3K/AKT pathway inhibits the tumor-suppressor role of FoxO3a (a member of the forkhead class O [FoxO] transcription factor family) in a variety of cancers and leads to tumorigenesis. This study aims to investigate the expression of FoxO3a in three different stages of pediatric ALL in mRNA level. Subjects and Methods: In this case-control study, 70 patients with childhood ALL and 70 healthy age- and gender-matched as the control group were enrolled. Real-time quantitative RT-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression level of FoxO3a in children with different stages of ALL and healthy children as a control group. Results: Data showed that the expression of FoxO3a mRNA was lower in newly diagnosed ALL patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001), maintenance (P = 0.0342), and relapse (P = 0.0006) groups, while no difference was observed between other groups. In addition, T-ALL patients showed decreased expression of FoxO3a compared to Pre-B ALL ones (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study results suggest that FoxO3a plays a tumor-suppressor role in ALL. Thus, its up-regulation seems to be a plausible therapeutic strategy for this type of tumor.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Infiltrate in Febrile Neutropenic Patients of Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Das Chandan K , Gogia Ajay , Kumar Lalit , Sharma Atul , Thulkar Sanjay , Xess Immaculata , Madan Karan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary infection is the major risk during neutropenia induced by chemotherapy as well as stem cell transplantation. In spite of potent new-generation antifungal and broad-spectrum antibiotics, one-third of patients usually die from infectious complications. Early diagnosis and prompt administration of appropriate therapy improve the survival. Materials and Methods: We prospectively carried out the study to identify the infectious etiology of pulmonary infiltrates in febrile neutropenia patients by imaging and bronchoscopy. Bacterial culture, fungal culture, galactomannan and molecular diagnosis for pneumocystis, and other infectious agent were carried out in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood. Results: A total of 27 patients were evaluated. Half of the patients belonged to acute leukemia (46%). We had a diagnostic yield of 65% with the most common isolates being Gram-negative bacteria and Aspergillus species. Conclusion: Gram-negative organisms were the predominant infectious agents of pulmonary infection. Our finding emphasizes the importance of BAL in evaluating pulmonary infiltrates in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies.
Kinderen krijgen in apocalyptische tijden
Authors: Hens Kristien , Schaubroeck Katrien 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Procreation in the face of an apocalypse: Some ethical considerations

In the field of procreation ethics both Kantian and consequentialist arguments have been developed purporting to show the moral impermissibility of having (more than two) children. A survey of the most important arguments leaves us wondering whether one could derive general obligations or prohibitions from abstract principles and apply them to deeply personal decisions about whether or not to have children (and how many). At the same time it is undeniably true that having children, however private the decision to procreate may feel, has an impact far beyond the private sphere. While we argue that the answer to the question whether or not to have a child cannot be derived from moral principles, we recognize that moral considerations about global and intergenerational justice do pertain to the question. We therefore develop an alternative framework for traditional Kantian and consequentialist approaches in procreation ethics, which we call holistic virtue ethics.
Sea ice export through the Fram Strait derived from a combined model and satellite data set
Authors: Min Chao , Mu Longjiang , Yang Qinghua , Ricker Robert , Shi Qian , Han Bo , Wu Renhao , Liu Jiping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Sea ice volume export through the Fram Strait plays an
important role in the Arctic freshwater and energy redistribution. The
combined model and satellite sea ice thickness (CMST) data set assimilates
CryoSat-2 and soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) thickness products
together with satellite sea ice concentration. The CMST data set closes the
gap of stand-alone satellite-derived sea ice thickness in summer and
therefore allows us to estimate sea ice volume export during the melt
season. In this study, we first validate the CMST data set using field
observations, and then we estimate the continuous seasonal and interannual
variations in Arctic sea ice volume flux through the Fram Strait from
September 2010 to December 2016. The results show that seasonal and
interannual sea ice volume export vary from about -240(±40) to -970(±60) km3 and -1970(±290) to -2490(±280) km3, respectively. The sea ice volume export reaches its maximum in
spring and about one-third of the yearly total volume export occurs in the
melt season. The minimum monthly sea ice export is −11 km3 in August
2015, and the maximum (−442 km3) appears in March 2011. The seasonal
relative frequencies of sea ice thickness and drift suggest that the Fram
Strait outlet in summer is dominated by sea ice that is thicker than 2 m
with relatively slow seasonal mean drift of about 3 km d−1.
Análise da geração de resíduos de serviços de saúde em alguns estabelecimentos do município de Caçador-SC
Authors: Campos Roger Francisco Ferreira de , Borga Tiago 
Published: December 2019

Atualmente o gerenciamento de resíduos dos serviços de saúde é muito precário em toda a gestão dos municípios, estando relacionados aos problemas de saúde coletiva, sabendo que as diretrizes sobre qualquer tipo de resíduos estão relacionadas com a caracterização gravimétrica. Assim o trabalho possui como objetivo realizar a caracterização física e composição gravimétrica dos resíduos dos serviços de saúde do município de Caçador-SC. O estudo foi realizado em laboratórios de análises clinicas, hospitais, pronto atendimento, clinicas veterinárias, farmácias e posto de saúde abrangentes do município, no período de 01/11/2013 a 02/12/2013, obtendo uma geração de 50.187,56kg mês. Conforme o levantamento o estudo apresentou uma geração de 14.183,79 kg de resíduos biológicos, 3.593,59 kg de resíduos químicos, 0 kg de resíduos radioativo, 15.186,7 kg de resíduos recicláveis, 10.977,33 kg de resíduos comum e 6.246,15 de resíduos perfuro cortante. Para a determinação da composição gravimétrica da desses resíduos foi seguido a NBR 10007:04, amostrando os resíduos conforme descrição da Resolução Nº 358 do CONAMA de 2005. A partir dessa foi possível levantar uma geração de 50.187,56 kg/mês e 1.563.41 kg/dia de RSS. Esses dados futuramente podem ser utilizados no Plano Municipal Integrado de Gestão de Resíduos do município de Caçador, impondo as diretrizes referentes aos resíduos sólidos de serviços de saúde.
MEDICATION BELIEFS IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Nova Prima Agustia , Chen Ching-Huey 
Published: December 2019

Patients post percutaneous coronary intervention need to take medication for their health. Beliefs about medication influence patients’ adherence in taking their medication regimens. Therefore, the study aimed to identify medication beliefs in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention in Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional study with the convenience sampling method. A total of 132 adult patients following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention participated in this study. This study used The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire to identify patients’ beliefs about medication. The majority of respondents were male (85.6%) with a mean age of 60 years. Beliefs about general overuse were found to be the highest among other categories; specific-necessity, specific concern, and general harm. Elucidating patients’ beliefs about the medication will provide health care providers with a better understanding of patient medication behaviors after percutaneous coronary intervention. Recognition of patients’ beliefs may aid in targeting specific intervention programs to improve patients’ adherence to medication following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention procedure. Keywords: medication beliefs, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) Abstrak Keyakinan Pengobatan pada Pasien yang Menjalani Intervensi Coronary Percutaneous: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pasien pasca intervensi koroner perkutan atau percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) perlu minum obat untuk kesehatannya. Keyakinan terhadap pengobatan berpengaruh pada kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalani rejimen pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keyakinan pengobatan pada pasien yang mengikuti PCI di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional dengan metode convenience sampling. Sebanyak 132 pasien dewasa yang menjalani prosedur PCI berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire untuk mengidentifikasi keyakinan pasien tentang pengobatan. Mayoritas responden adalah laki-laki (85,6%) dengan usia rata-rata 60 tahun. Keyakinan tentang penggunaan berlebihan secara umum ditemukan sebagai yang tertinggi di antara kategori lainnya yaitu kebutuhan-spesifik, perhatian khusus, dan bahaya umum. Informasi mengenai keyakinan pasien tentang pengobatan akan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik bagi penyedia layanan kesehatan tentang perilaku pengobatan pasien setelah prosedur PCI. Pengakuan keyakinan pasien dapat membantu dalam menargetkan program intervensi khusus untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien terhadap pengobatan setelah prosedur PCI. Kata Kunci: keyakinan pengobatan, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
AAPM medical physics practice guideline 7.a.: Supervision of medical physicist assistants
Authors: Seibert J. Anthony , Blatnica Anthony P. , Clements Jessica B. , Halvorsen Per H. , Herman Michael G. , Johnson Jennifer L. , Schueler Beth A. , Martin Melissa C. , Palta Jatinder R. , Pfeiffer Douglas E. , Pizzutiello Robert J. , Prisciandaro Joann I. , Sherouse George W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) is a nonprofit professional society whose primary purposes are to advance the science, education and professional practice of medical physics. The AAPM has more than 8,000 members and is the principal organization of medical physicists in the United States.The AAPM will periodically define new practice guidelines for medical physics practice to help advance the science of medical physics and to improve the quality of service to patients throughout the United States. Existing medical physics practice guidelines will be reviewed for the purpose of revision or renewal, as appropriate, on their fifth anniversary or sooner.Each medical physics practice guideline represents a policy statement by the AAPM, has undergone a thorough consensus process in which it has been subjected to extensive review, and requires the approval of the Professional Council. The medical physics practice guidelines recognize that the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology requires specific training, skills, and techniques, as described in each document. Reproduction or modification of the published practice guidelines and technical standards by those entities not providing these services is not authorized.The following terms are used in the AAPM practice guidelines:

Must and Must Not: Used to indicate that adherence to the recommendation is considered necessary to conform to this practice guideline.
Should and Should Not: Used to indicate a prudent practice to which exceptions may occasionally be made in appropriate circumstances.
Approved by AAPM’s Executive Committee May 28, 2019
Electrode Engineering by Atomic Layer Deposition for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: From Traditional to Advanced Batteries
Authors: Yu Fan , Du Lei , Zhang Gaixia , Su Fengmei , Wang Weichao , Sun Shuhui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as one of the most promising and competitive energy storage systems due to abundant sodium resources and its environmentally friendly features. However, further improvements in the engineering of the SIB electrode/electrolyte interphase—which directly determines the Na‐ion transfer behavior, material structure stability, and sodiation/desodiation property—are highly recommended to meet the continuously increasing requirements for secondary power sources. Reasonably speaking, to promote SIBs, the advanced and controllable interphase/electrode engineering approach exhibits promise by rationally designing the bulk electrode and generating a well‐defined interphase. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, with atomic‐scale deposition, superior uniformity, excellent conformality, and a self‐limiting nature, is thus expected to address the current challenges facing SIBs in terms of low energy density, limited cycling life, and structural instability, and to promote innovations such as multifunctional electrodes and nanostructured materials for advanced SIBs. This review summarizes and discusses the most recent advancements in the interphase engineering of SIBs by ALD via modifying traditional electrodes and designing advanced electrodes (such as 3D, organic, and protected sodium metal electrodes). Furthermore, based on the recent critical progress and current scientific understanding, future perspectives for the engineering of next‐generation SIB electrodes by ALD can be provided.
Creating Physicochemical Gradients in Modular Microporous Annealed Particle Hydrogels via a Microfluidic Method
Authors: Xin Shangjing , Dai Jing , Gregory Carl A. , Han Arum , Alge Daniel L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicroporous annealed particle (MAP) hydrogels are an attractive platform for engineering biomaterials with controlled heterogeneity. Here, a microfluidic method is introduced to create physicochemical gradients within poly(ethylene glycol) based MAP hydrogels. By combining microfluidic mixing and droplet generator modules, microgels with varying properties are produced by adjusting the relative flow rates between two precursor solutions and collected layer‐by‐layer in a syringe. Subsequently, the microgels are injected out of the syringe and then annealed with thiol‐ene click chemistry. Fluorescence intensity measurements of constructs annealed in vitro and after mock implantation into a tissue defect show that a continuous gradient profile is achieved and maintained after injection, indicating utility for in situ hydrogel formation. The effects of physicochemical property gradients on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are also studied. Microgel stiffness is studied first, and the hMSCs exhibit increased spreading and proliferation as stiffness increased along the gradient. Microgel degradability is also studied, revealing a critical degradability threshold above which the hMSCs spread robustly and below which they are isolated and exhibit reduced spreading. This method of generating spatial gradients in MAP hydrogels can be further used to gain new insights into cell–material interactions, which can be leveraged for tissue engineering applications.
Tungsten as “Adhesive” in Pt2CuW0.25 Ternary Alloy for Highly Durable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Tu Wenzhe , Luo Wenjia , Chen Changli , Chen Kai , Zhu Enbo , Zhao Zipeng , Wang Zelin , Hu Tao , Zai Huachao , Ke Xiaoxing , Sui Manling , Chen Pengwan , Zhang Qingshan , Chen Qi , Li Yujing , Huang Yu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPt‐based alloy nanocrystals have shown great success in oxygen reduction electrocatalysis owing to their unique surface and electronic structures. However, they suffer from severe stability issues due to the dissolution of non‐noble metal elements, leading to the “trade‐off” between activity and stability. In this work, targeting the stability issue of a PtxCuy‐based alloy, Pt2CuW0.25 ternary alloy nanoparticles are synthesized by thermal reduction strategy based on wet‐chemical method using W(CO)6 as a reductant. Apart from the competitive activity, the obtained Pt2CuW0.25/C shows remarkable stability, whereby the area specific activity and mass activity maintain 89.5% and 95.9% of the initial values, respectively, after 30 000 cycles of accelerated polarization between 0.6 and 1.1 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode). By using vacancy formation energy of surface Pt as the descriptor, it is found that the enhanced stability of Pt2CuW0.25/C originates mainly from the stronger bonding between W and Pt/Cu atoms, acting as an “adhesive” to stabilize the atoms from dissolution, which is further verified by chemical stability experiments. This work demonstrates a rational design strategy for ternary alloy nano‐electrocatalyst that has high thermodynamic stability while maintaining high activity by employing high‐melting‐point metal.
High‐Performance NO2 Sensors Based on Ultrathin Heterogeneous Interface Layers
Authors: Zhu Yangyang , Xie Qiang , Sun Yang , Wang Lu , Sun Qiang , Wang Lijuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGas sensors based on different interface layers are prepared by vacuum evaporation method. In comparison with the microscope images of films on different interface layer, zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) films exhibit good continuity on the heterogeneous interface of p‐sexiphenyl/α‐sexithiophene (p‐6P/α‐6T). Under the optimal conditions of ZnPc films, ZnPc film sensors with high performance are obtained based on ultrathin heterogenous interface layers. The responsivity is up to 2271% at 3 ppm NO2 gas and the sensitivity is 570% ppm−1. The minimum detection limit of sensors is lower than 500 ppb and the responsivity is 157% to 500 ppb NO2 gas. The high performance of sensors is attributed to the ultrathin heterogeneous interface layer. The island‐like p‐6P domains at the bottom provide the precursor for the growth of α‐6T layer while the α‐6T molecules fill the interval of p‐6P islands, as a result, a continuous interface for the growth of ZnPc molecules came into being. In addition, the ZnPc and α‐6T films have high electrical characteristics. The results are favorable for the adsorption and desorption of NO2 gas molecules. The ultrathin heterogeneous interface layer provides a feasible research evidence for the further research and development of ultrathin and flexible electronic devices.