bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute effects of moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise on hemodynamic and autonomic reactivity to the cold pressor test in young adults with excess body weight
Authors: Meireles Kamila , Peçanha Tiago , Dias André R.L. , Souza Katrice A. , Araújo Jaqueline A. , Silva Juliana S. , Rezende Diego A.N. , Santos Roberto J. , Cambri Lucieli T. , Arsa Gisela 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To investigate the effects of a single session of moderate-intensity and high-intensity interval exercise in cardiovascular reactivity to the cold pressor test in young adults with excess body weight.

Methods:
Twenty-two subjects with excess body weight (23 ± 2 years; 30.0 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) performed three sessions: (1) moderate-intensity exercise (30-minute cycling at 50%–60% of heart rate reserve); (2) high-intensity exercise (four series of 3-minute cycling at 80%–90% of heart rate reserve, interspersed by 2-minute recovery) and (3) control (i.e. 30-minute seated). Before and 30 minutes after the interventions, subjects undertook assessments of SBP/DBP and heart rate in response to the cold pressor test (1-minute rest + 1-minute hand immersed in 4°C water). Reactivity was calculated as the absolute response of SBP, DBP and heart rate to cold pressor test and compared between interventions using a two-way analysis of variance (P < 0.05).

Results:
Neither moderate-intensity exercise or high-intensity interval exercise attenuated SBP/DBP reactivity to cold pressor test compared with control. On the other hand, heart rate reactivity was reduced after moderate-intensity exercise compared with control (1.36 ± 8.35 bpm vs. 5.18 ± 9.45 bpm). Furthermore, moderate-intensity exercise reduced absolute levels of SBP/DBP from pre- to post-intervention.

Conclusion:
A single session of moderate-intensity exercise or high-intensity interval exercise did not reduce the SBP/DBP reactivity to cold pressor test. However, absolute levels of SBP/DBP were lower after moderate-intensity exercise, indicating a hypotensive effect promoted by a single session of moderate-intensity exercise in young adults with excess body weight.
Validation of the Spacelabs 90227 OnTrak device according to the European and British Hypertension Societies as well as the American protocols
Authors: de Greeff Annemarie , Shennan Andrew H. 
Published: December 2019

Objective
To assess the static device accuracy of the Spacelabs 90227 OnTrak according to the three most recognized validation protocols, in both adults and children.

Methods
Subjects were recruited and data gathered and analysed according to the European Society of Hypertension (ESH-IP2), the British Hypertension Society (BHS) and the American National Standards Institute/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/International Standards Organization (ANSI/AAMI/ISO) protocols.

Results
The device achieved a mean difference ± SD between observers and device for SBP/DBP was 0.9 ± 7/–1.4 ± 6 mmHg (ESH-IP2) and 1.7 ± 8/–1.5/6 mmHg (BHS) Grade A/A. For the ANSI/AAMI/ISO protocol, the average device-observer difference for SBP/DBP was 0.4 ± 7/–1.5 ± 7 mmHg fulfilling the two criteria of the protocol.

Conclusion
The Spacelabs 90227 OnTrak device achieved the criteria of all three recognised validation protocols and can therefore be recommended for clinical use as a static device.
Future developments in kidney transplantation
Authors: Viklicky Ondrej , Novotny Marek , Hruba Petra 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
This review summarises recent developments in monitoring and immunosuppressive management in kidney transplantation.

Recent findings
Long-term kidney allograft outcomes have not changed substantially mainly as a result of acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection. Several groups have recently attempted to determine peripheral molecular fingerprints of ongoing rejection. But while this research is promising, it is not generalised for further spreading among different cohorts. Measurements of donor-derived cell-free DNA levels in recent studies have revealed better predictive values for antibody-mediated rejection. The Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System for assessing kidney graft biopsies has been gradually introduced within clinical practice, especially in complicated cases aimed at improving histological diagnostics. Molecular studies on accommodation in ABO-incompatible transplantation have shown increased complement regulation and lower expression of epithelial transporters and class 1 metallothioneins. Additionally, in clinical studies of sensitised patients, imlifidase has been shown to enable transplantation across significant immunological barriers, while the co-stimulation blockade has been tested to prevent donor specific antibodies development. In low-risk patients, everolimus/tacrolimus-based regimens have also proven their antiviral effects in large clinical trials.

Summary
Recent developments in non-invasive monitoring have paved the way for the introduction of future larger clinical trials with multiple patient cohorts.
Ocular Surface Disease in a PICU: Incidence and Outcomes With a Dynamic Eye Care Protocol
Authors: Niemi Angela , Geddie Brooke E. , Rajasekaran Surender , Davis Alan T. , VanDenBosch Nikita , Steenland Caryn , Winters John W. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
Sedated intensive care patients have impaired ocular protective mechanisms putting them at risk for ocular surface disease with potential vision loss. Historically, routine eye care has been limited to critically ill patients receiving neuromuscular blockade. The aim of this project was to determine the occurrence rate of ocular surface disease in sedated and ventilated children, identify risk factors, and determine the progression of injury with routine eye care.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
A tertiary care medical-surgical PICU.

Patients:
All intubated patients admitted from May 2015 to December 2016.

Interventions:
Staff education regarding corneal examination with fluorescein, and routine eye care as per a PICU eye care protocol.

Measurements and Main Results:
We evaluated 479 patients (1,242 corneal exams) and found that 15% had ocular surface disease at admission to the PICU: keratopathy 62, abrasion 16. The highest incidence was in trauma patients (39.0%) and those intubated in the emergency department (22.2%) or prehospital setting (42.9%). Of the 245 patients with multiple ocular assessments, 32.2% displayed ocular surface disease at some point during their hospitalization: keratopathy 73, abrasion 24. Ourprotocol dictated increased frequency of eye care if ocular surface disease worsened. As a result, the overall incidence of ocular surface disease decreased to 8.6% by the last examination (keratopathy 19, mild abrasion 2), but more severe ocular abnormalities such as corneal infiltrates, ulcers, or scarring were not observed. Based on multivariate analysis, clinical factors associated with increased risk of ocular surface disease included primary diagnosis, and lagophthalmos (incomplete eyelid closure).

Conclusions:
Ocular surface disease is an under-recognized process in critically ill pediatric patients. A standardized and dynamic protocol may improve corneal health, which in turn may reduce injury, pain, infection, and long-term vision loss.
Time to Modernize: Local Public Health Transitions to Population-Level Interventions
Authors: Ryan-Ibarra Suzanne , Nishimura Holly , Gallington Kyli , Grinnell Sue , Bekemeier Betty 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
To identify facilitating factors that guide local health departments (LHDs) in their transition from direct clinical service provision to population-level interventions addressing the social determinants of health.

Design:
Key informant interviews with LHD leaders and their staff were conducted using a semistructured interview guide. Thematic qualitative analysis was used to identify common characteristics and strategies among the LHD leaders and staff.

Participants:
LHDs represented both rural and urban communities with population sizes from 9746 to 919 628 and agencies in Illinois, Montana, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington, and West Virginia.

Outcome Measure:
The impetus and facilitators for transitioning health department services from clinical to population health.

Results:
Leaders from 7 LHDs emphasized that an impetus for their transition from direct clinical services to population-level interventions was that it was “time to modernize.” Among LHDs interviewed, most included the 10 Essential Public Health Services or Public Health 3.0 in their strategic plan. Adding this focus to their strategic plan facilitated buy-in from local government and the ability to maintain the LHDs' focus on population-level interventions. We found that strong relationships and open communication with community members and partner organizations (eg, federally qualified health centers) were critical facilitators of transition. Themes from interviews were used to identify an initial set of 8 key elements of an effective transition: partnership/leadership, vision/goals, communication, community engagement, interventions, data/evaluation, workforce issues, and sustainability.

Conclusions:
Prevention systems suffer from a lack of adequate health promotion and access to quality care for their community's residents. There is a need for LHDs to access technical support to strategically address complexity and ensure core population-focused prevention. The results shared provide replicable solutions, practices, and methods that enable successful transitions of LHDs toward maximizing their role in population health.
Healthy Eating Policy Strategies in Community Health Improvement Plans: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Local Health Departments
Authors: Sreedhara Meera , Goins Karin Valentine , Frisard Christine , Rosal Milagros C. , Lemon Stephenie C. 
Published: December 2019

Context:
Policies (eg, regulations, taxes, and zoning ordinances) can increase opportunities for healthy eating. Community Health Improvement Plans (CHIP) may foster collaboration and local health department (LHD) engagement in policy decision making to improve local food environments. Limited research describes what policies supportive of healthy food environments are included in CHIPs nationally and relationships between LHD characteristics and participation in plans including such policies.

Objectives:
To determine the proportion of US LHDs who participated in development of a CHIP containing healthy eating policy strategies and assess the association between LHD characteristics and inclusion of any healthy eating policy strategy in a CHIP.

Design:
A cross-sectional national probability survey.

Participants:
Of the 209 US LHDs (serving populations <500 000) (response rate: 30.2%), 176 LHDs with complete data on CHIP status, outcomes, and covariates were eligible for analysis.

Main Outcome Measures:
Thirteen healthy eating policy strategies were organized into 3 categories: increasing availability/identification of healthy foods, reducing access to unhealthy foods, and improving school food environments. Strategies and categories were identified from literature and public health recommendations.

Results:
In total, 32.2% of LHDs reported inclusion of 1 or more healthy eating policy strategies in a CHIP. The proportion of departments reporting specific strategies ranged from 20.8% for school district policies to 1.1% for sugar-sweetened beverage taxes. Local health departments serving 25 000 to 49 999 residents (odds ratio [OR]: 5.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71-14.63), 100 000 to 499 999 residents (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 1.12-11.95), pursuing national accreditation (OR: 4.46; 95% CI: 1.83-10.83), or accredited (OR: 3.22; 95% CI: 1.08-9.63) were more likely to include 1 or more healthy eating policy strategies in a CHIP than smaller LHDs (<25 000) and LHDs not seeking accreditation, respectively, after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions:
Few LHDs serving less than 500 000 residents reported CHIPs that included a policy-based approach to improve food environments, indicating room for improvement. Population size served and accreditation may affect LHD policy engagement to enhance local food environments.
Septal Integration Graft, a Modified Direct Type of Septal Extension Graft for the Treatment of Unilateral Cleft Lip Nose Deformity
Authors: Han Kihwan , Park Minwoo , Choi Taehyun , Choi Jaehoon , Kim Junhyung , Son Daegu , Jeong Woonhyeok 
Published: December 2019

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cosmetic outcomes and stability of septal integration grafts (SIGs), a modified direct type of septal extension graft, in patients with cleft lip nose deformity.

Methods
Seventy-three patients underwent SIGs between January 2002 and July 2017. The exclusion criteria were patients who lacked clinical photographs preoperatively or postoperatively. We reviewed data regarding the patient demographics, combined procedures, and complications as well as preoperative and postoperative clinical photography. Eleven measurement items were evaluated from basal and right lateral views with photogrammetry and 3-dimensional anthropometry using standardized clinical photographic techniques.

Results
Sixty-one patients were analyzed in this study. Twelve patients were excluded owing to a lack of postoperative photographs. The mean ± SD follow-up period was 26.70 ± 29.43 months (range, 6–134 months). Compared with the preoperative value, the nasal tip projection index, height of nose index, and nostril axis inclination significantly improved. The columellar length (Rt-Lt) index significantly decreased, which implied improved columellar deviation. Complications included hematoma (n = 1), wound dehiscence (n = 1), tearing of septal mucosa (n = 3), and silicone implant deviation (n = 2).

Conclusions
We used SIGs to correct nasal deformity in patients with cleft lip nose deformity. The SIG can minimize the amount of the graft used for septal extension and can effectively correct nasal tip and columella deformities.
The proline synthesis enzyme P5CS forms cytoophidia inDrosophila
Authors: Zhang Bo , Tastan Ömür Y. , Zhou Xian , Guo Chen-Jun , Liu Xuyang , Thind Aaron , Hu Huan-Huan , Zhao Suwen , Liu Ji-Long 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCompartmentation of enzymes via filamentation has arisen as a mechanism for the regulation of metabolism. In 2010, three groups independently reported that CTP synthase (CTPS) can assemble into a filamentous structure termed the cytoophidium. In searching for CTPS-interacting proteins, here we perform a yeast two-hybrid screening ofDrosophilaproteins and identify a putative CTPS-interacting protein, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS). UsingDrosophilafollicle cell as thein vivomodel, we confirm that P5CS forms cytoophidia, which are associated with CTPS cytoophidia. Overexpression of P5CS increases the length of CTPS cytoophidia. Conversely, filamentation of CTPS affects the morphology of P5CS cytoophidia. Finally,in vitroanalyses confirm the filament-forming property of P5CS. Our work links CTPS with P5CS, two enzymes involved in the rate-limiting steps in pyrimidine and proline biosynthesis, respectively.
Single cell atlas of domestic pig brain illuminates the conservation and divergence of cell types at spatial and species levels
Authors: Chen Dongsheng , Zhu Jiacheng , Zhong Jixing , Chen Fang , Lin Xiumei , Dai Jinxia , Chen Yin , Wang Shiyou , Ding Xiangning , Wang Haoyu , Qiu Jiaying , Wang Feiyue , Wu Weiying , Liu Ping , Tang Gen , Qiu Xin , Ruan Yetian , Li Jiankang , Zhu Shida , Xu Xun , Li Fang , Liu Zhongmin , Cao Gang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDomestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) has drawn much attention from researchers worldwide due to its implications in evolutionary biology, regenerative medicine and agriculture. The brain atlas ofHomo sapiens(primate),Mus musculus(rodent),Danio rerio(fish) andDrosophila melanogaster(insect) have been constructed at single cell resolution, however, the cellular compositions of pig brain remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the single-cell transcriptomic profiles of five distinct regions of domestic pig brain, from which we identified 21 clusters corresponding to six major cell types, characterized by unique spectrum of gene expression. By spatial comparison, we identified cell types enriched or depleted in certain brain regions. Inter-species comparison revealed cell-type similarities and divergences in hypothalamus between mouse and pig, providing invaluable resources for the evolutionary exploration of brain functions at single cell level. Besides, our study revealed cell types and molecular pathways closely associated with several diseases (obesity, anorexia, bulimia, epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorder), bridging the gap between gene mutations and pathological phenotypes, which might be of great use to the development precise therapies against neural system disorders. Taken together, we reported, so far as we know, the first single cell brain atlas ofSus scrofa domesticus, followed by comprehensive comparisons across brain region and species, which could throw light upon future evo-devo, regenerative medicine, and agricultural studies.
Synchronized β cell response to glucose is lost concomitant with loss of islet architecture in Robo deficient islets of Langerhansin vivo
Authors: Adams Melissa T. , Reissaus Christopher A. , Dwulet JaeAnn M. , Jin Erli , Szulczewski Joseph M. , Lyman Melissa R. , Sdao Sophia M. , Nimkulrat Sutichot D. , Ponik Suzanne M. , Merrins Matthew J. , Benninger Richard K.P. , Mirmira Raghavendra G. , Linnemann Amelia K. , Blum Barak 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe spatial architecture of the islets of Langerhans is hypothesized to facilitate synchronized insulin secretion between β cells, yet testing thisin vivoin the intact pancreas is challenging.Robo βKOmice, in which the genesRobo1andRobo2are deleted selectively in β cells, provide a unique model of altered islet spatial architecture without loss of β cell differentiation or islet damage from diabetes. CombiningRobo βKOmice with intravital microscopy, we show here thatRobo βKOislets lose synchronized intra-islet Ca2+oscillations between β cellsin vivo. We provide evidence that this loss is not due to a β cell-intrinsic function of Robo, loss of Connexin36 gap junctions, or changes in islet vascularization, suggesting that the islet architecture itself is required for synchronized Ca2+oscillations. These results have implications for understanding structure-function relationships in the islets during progression to diabetes as well as engineering islets from stem cells.
The “adductome”: a limited repertoire of adducted proteins in human cells
Authors: Kiianitsa Kostantin , Maizels Nancy 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTProteins form adducts with nucleic acids in a variety of contexts, and these adducts may be cytotoxic if not repaired. Here we apply a proteomic approach to identification of proteins adducted to DNA or RNA in normally proliferating cells. This approach combines RADAR fractionation of proteins covalently bound to nucleic acids with quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). We demonstrate that “RADAR-MS” can quantify induction of TOP1- or TOP2-DNA adducts in cells treated with topotecan or etoposide, respectively, and also identify intermediates in physiological adduct repair. We validate RADAR-MS for discovery of previously unknown adducts by determining the repertoires of adducted proteins in two different normally proliferating human cell lines, CCRF-CEM T cells and GM639 fibroblasts. These repertoires are significantly similar with one another and exhibit robust correlations in their quantitative profiles (Spearman r=0.52). A very similar repertoire is identified by the classical approach of CsCl buoyant density gradient centrifugation. We find that in normally proliferating human cells, the repertoire of adducted proteins — the “adductome” — is comprised of a limited number of proteins belonging to specific functional groups, and that it is greatly enriched for histones, HMG proteins and proteins involved in RNA splicing. Treatment with low concentrations of formaldehyde caused little change in the composition of the repertoire of adducted proteins, suggesting that reactive aldehydes generated by ongoing metabolic processes may contribute to protein adduction in normally proliferating cells. The identification of an endogenous adductome highlights the importance of adduct repair in maintaining genomic structure and the potential for deficiencies in adduct repair to contribute to cancer.
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin (TIM) contributes to Hantaan virus entry into human airway epithelial cells
Authors: Mayor Jennifer , Torriani Giulia , Zimmer Gert , Rothenberger Sylvia , Engler Olivier 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTHantaviruses are rodent-borne haemorrhagic fever viruses leading to serious diseases. Viral attachment and entry represent the first steps in virus transmission and are promising targets for antiviral therapeutic intervention. Here we investigated receptor use in human airway epithelium of the Old and New World hantaviruses Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Andes virus (ANDV). Using a biocontained recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotype platform, we provide first evidence for a role of the cellular phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors of the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin (TIM) in HTNV and ANDV entry. In line with previous studies, HTNV, but not ANDV, was able to use the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate and αvβ3 integrin as co-receptors. In sum, our studies demonstrate for the first time that hantaviruses use PS receptors and hence apoptotic mimicry to invade human airway epithelium, which may explain why these viruses can easily break the species barrier.
Comparison of spindle and stomacher efficacy for detaching biofilms from stainless steel, PVC, and green leafy vegetable surfaces
Authors: Kim Wooju , Jeong Ki-Ok , Cheon Ho-Lyeong , Kang Dong-Hyun 
Published: December 2019

PurposeBiofilms are bacterial communities embedded in exopolysaccharide, enhancing the difficulty of detaching bacterial cells from surfaces. Due to structural properties, it is difficult to detach biofilms. Many removal methods have been developed, but there are still some limitations such as sample size and reproducibility. “Spindle” was developed, producing a higher quality suspension which can be used for further study. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe authors compared the enumeration of biofilm-forming cells detached from the spindle and stomacher in various surfaces. First, the authors chose stainless steel and polyvinyl chloride to attach biofilms and to be subjected to stomacher and spindle for up to 2 min. Also, the authors evaluated the efficiency of detachment from vegetable surfaces.FindingsIn a comparative experiment of abiotic surfaces, the spindle showed identical effectiveness for detaching biofilm-forming cells compared to the stomacher, recovering the population by 8-log forEscherichia coliO157:H7,SalmonellaTyphimurium andListeria monocytogenes. The spindle also showed no significant difference from the stomacher in the number of recovered cells which is 4-log from vegetable surfaces. However, turbidity after spinach was subjected to spindle was 4.37 NTU, while it was 99 NTU for stomacher, which was in accord with visual result about clearance.Originality/valueThis study demonstrated that the spindle is a useful to separate biofilms from surfaces without destructing structure, and thus it can be used for analysis in food laboratories as well as utilized for vegetable washing step in the food industry.