bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small Area Estimation and Hotspot Identification of Opioid use Disorder among Military Veterans Living in the Southern United States
Authors: Albright David L. , McDaniel Justin , Kertesz Stefan , Seal David , Prather Katie , English Thomas , Laha-Walsh Kirsten 
Published: December 2019

Background The purpose of this study was to estimate opioid use disorder prevalence rates at the county level among veterans in Alabama and to determine hotspots of said rates. Methods By combining data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and the American Community Survey, we developed a mixed-effects generalized linear model of opioid use disorder and modeled probabilities onto veteran-specific population counts at the county level in Alabama. Results The average model-based estimate for opioid use disorder prevalence among veterans in Alabama from 2015 to 2017 was 0.79% ( SD = 0.16), with a minimum of 0.52% (i.e., Lowndes county, Alabama) and a maximum of 1.10% (Dale county, Alabama). Hotspot analysis revealed a significant cluster of “high-high” veteran opioid use disorder prevalence in neighboring Marion, Winston, and Cullman counties. Conclusions The application of the statistical technique presented in this study can provide feasible, cost-effective, and practical county-level prevalence estimates of veteran-specific opioid use disorder and should be widely applied by states and counties so that they can more accurately and efficiently allocate resources to caring for veterans with an opioid use disorder.
Comparison on calibration factor measurement of power sensor
Authors: Danacı E , Celep M , Tuncel O , Aljawan A H , Alboraih I , Aldawood K S 
Published: December 2019

This comparison covers the measurement of calibration factors (CF) of power sensors and was carried out where SASO NMCC and TUBITAK UME participated, on the frame of GULFMET.
Calibration factors are used for characterization of RF power sensors. RF power sensors are used to measure RF power, and is an important mean to achieve traceability of RF power measurements. This bilateral comparison was performed by measuring a power sensor at frequencies of 10 MHz, 50 MHz, 1 GHz, 4 GHz, 8 GHz, 12 GHz, 15 GHz, and 18 GHz, at a power level of 0 dBm.
TÜBİTAK UME was acting as the pilot laboratory. The travelling standard was provided by SASO NMCC. TUBITAK UME was responsible for monitoring standard performance during the circulation and the evaluation and reporting of the comparison results.
The comparison was carried out in accordance with the CCEM Guidelines for Planning, Organizing, Conducting and Reporting Key, Supplementary and Pilot Comparisons.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Germanium quantum dot infrared photodetectors addressed by self-aligned silicon nanowire electrodes
Authors: Zhao Yaolong , Li Lingfei , Liu Shuaishuai , Wang Junzhuan , Xu Jun , Shi Yi , Chen Kunji , Roca i Cabarrocas Pere , Yu Linwei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Germanium quantum dots (GeQDs), addressed by self-aligned and epitaxial silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as electrodes, represent the most fundamental and the smallest units that can be integrated into Si optoelectronics for 1550 nm wavelength detection. In this work, individual GeQD photodetectors have been fabricated based on a low temperature self-condensation of uniform amorphous Si (a-Si)/a-Ge bilayers at 300 °C, led by rolling indium (In) droplets. Remarkably, the diameter of the GeQD nodes can be independently controlled to achieve wider GeQDs for maximizing infrared absorption with narrower SiNW electrodes to ensure a high quality Ge/Si hetero-epitaxial connection. Importantly, these hetero GeQD/SiNW photodetectors can be deployed into predesigned locations for scalable device fabrication. The photodetectors demonstrate a responsivity of 1.5 mA W−1 and a photoconductive gain exceeding 102 to the communication wavelength signals, which are related to the beneficial type-II Ge/Si alignment, gradient Ge/Si epitaxial transition and a larger QD/NW diameter ratio. These results indicate a new approach to batch-fabricate and integrate GeQDs for ultra-compact Si-compatible photodetection and imaging applications.
Deep learning for physical processes: incorporating prior scientific knowledge*
Authors: de Bézenac Emmanuel , Pajot Arthur , Gallinari Patrick 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We consider the use of deep learning methods for modeling complex phenomena like those occurring in natural physical processes. With the large amount of data gathered on these phenomena the data intensive paradigm could begin to challenge more traditional approaches elaborated over the years in fields like maths or physics. However, despite considerable successes in a variety of application domains, the machine learning field is not yet ready to handle the level of complexity required by such problems. Using an example application, namely sea surface temperature prediction, we show how general background knowledge gained from the physics could be used as a guideline for designing efficient deep learning models. In order to motivate the approach and to assess its generality we demonstrate a formal link between the solution of a class of differential equations underlying a large family of physical phenomena and the proposed model. Experiments and comparison with series of baselines including a state of the art numerical approach is then provided.
On the information bottleneck theory of deep learning*
Authors: Saxe Andrew M , Bansal Yamini , Dapello Joel , Advani Madhu , Kolchinsky Artemy , Tracey Brendan D , Cox David D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The practical successes of deep neural networks have not been matched by theoretical progress that satisfyingly explains their behavior. In this work, we study the information bottleneck (IB) theory of deep learning, which makes three specific claims: first, that deep networks undergo two distinct phases consisting of an initial fitting phase and a subsequent compression phase; second, that the compression phase is causally related to the excellent generalization performance of deep networks; and third, that the compression phase occurs due to the diffusion-like behavior of stochastic gradient descent. Here we show that none of these claims hold true in the general case, and instead reflect assumptions made to compute a finite mutual information metric in deterministic networks. When computed using simple binning, we demonstrate through a combination of analytical results and simulation that the information plane trajectory observed in prior work is predominantly a function of the neural nonlinearity employed: double-sided saturating nonlinearities like yield a compression phase as neural activations enter the saturation regime, but linear activation functions and single-sided saturating nonlinearities like the widely used ReLU in fact do not. Moreover, we find that there is no evident causal connection between compression and generalization: networks that do not compress are still capable of generalization, and vice versa. Next, we show that the compression phase, when it exists, does not arise from stochasticity in training by demonstrating that we can replicate the IB findings using full batch gradient descent rather than stochastic gradient descent. Finally, we show that when an input domain consists of a subset of task-relevant and task-irrelevant information, hidden representations do compress the task-irrelevant information, although the overall information about the input may monotonically increase with training time, and that this compression happens concurrently with the fitting process rather than during a subsequent compression period.
Measurement of the pick holders position on the side surface of the cutting head of a mining machine with the use of stereoscopic vision
Authors: Jagieła–Zając A , Cheluszka P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The efficiency of rock cutting with mining machines is largely determined by the arrangement of picks, i.e. the number and their arrangement on the working unit of the mining machine. Not only the correct selection of the pick system for given conditions at the design stage is important, but also ensuring compliance with the design of the finished product. Strives, among others therefore, for robotisation of the process of manufacturing cutting heads/drums. From the point of view of the robotisation of the pick holders welding process, it is necessary to assess in real time the position of the pick holders relative to the side surface of the cutting head body. A convenient way is to use contactless measurement methods based on vision systems. The article presents a method of determining the position of pick holders relative to the side surface of the cutting head body of a roadheader, during their positioning, using a 3D vision system. Data processing was carried out in the Matlab software using the libraries of the Computer Vision Toolbox. A mathematical model describing the transformation of images recorded by cameras has been presented. On the basis of this model, the distribution of distances between the pick holder base points and the side surface of the cutting head was determined for a given pick holder setting. The developed measurement method was tested on an experimental stand built in the Laboratory of robotics of the Department of Mining Mechanization and Robotisation at the Silesian University of Technology.
Automatic analysis of video content in the process of monitoring of industrial facilities
Authors: Jura M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In order to automate the monitoring process, a review of methods of object detection in pictures or video content has been carried out. The methods have been analyzed in terms of their application in the software design, which will be implemented for monitoring with the use of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles). The selected methods have been chosen to create prototype software for finding video frames depicting a specific object and archiving the results in relation to this object.
Assessment of durability of load-carrying and leveling ropes in selected shafts of underground mines
Authors: Stawowiak M , Żołnierz M , Rożenek Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article presents the problem of durability of load-bearing and compensating ropes operated in selected shafts of underground mines. The basic causes of wear of hoisting ropes are described, methods for assessing the wear of wire ropes are given, and criteria for assessing the durability of hoisting ropes are presented. The authors also presented selected results from elongations of lift ropes. The article ends with conclusions resulting from the conducted research.
Tests of flame-proof properties of supply-control system for a mining floor-loader
Authors: Lesiak K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tests of flame-proof properties of supply-control box for a floor-loader operating in underground mine workings, where methane and/or flammable dust explosion hazard occurs are presented. The tests included, among others, a determination of the explosion pressure, the enclosure strength to the pressure and the test of non-transfer of internal explosion. The tests enabled to localized the components, which required some improvements regarding their mechanical strength but also confirmed safety of the final design. The enclosure of the supply-control equipment of a floor-loader is designed within the HYDKOM 75 project co-financed by the National Centre for Research and Development.
The use of innovative solutions improving selected energy or environmental indices of hydrostatic drives
Authors: Domagała Z , Kędzia K , Stosiak M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper consists of three parts. The first part presents an exemplary application of a state-of-the-art proportional directional valve in hydrostatic gear starting. It is shown that through a proper directional valve control algorithm one can shape the pressure during the starting of the gear, reducing in this way the accompanying system noise. The second part describes the digital fluid power (DFP) technology. Its main advantage is the system’s simple design. One type of valve in 2 or 3 different sizes is sufficient to perform all the functions. In comparison with the often-used proportional valve, such a valve (called a binary valve), is characterized by simple circuitry, the absence of a position sensor, greater tolerance and lower sensitivity to impurities. An exemplary implementation of the DFP system as an additional drive in an off-road vehicle is presented. The third part describes the kinetostatic method for determining hydraulic system control parameters in order to increase the energy or environmental performance of the machine through the stabilization of the primary energy source and the selection of proper recuperation system components.
Utilisation safety of integrated control systems for longwall and road mining complexes.
Authors: Figiel A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Basing on the experience of the certification body in the field of evaluation of integrated control systems for longwall and road mining complexes, as part of the procedure for their authorisation for use in mines, in this article the applicable requirements for these systems have been reviewed (chapter 2), issues important from the safety point of view taken into account by the KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology Division of Attestation Tests Certifying Body in the process of their evaluation have been identified (chapter 3), and measures the fulfilment of which will increase the level of safety in the use of mining and longwall mining complexes in underground mining have been proposed (chapter 4). Issues addressed in this article bear importance for all underground mines, in which the deposit exploitation and excavation is performed using the longwall and road mining complexes.
Synergistic augmentation of polypropylene composites by hybrid morphology polyaniline particles for antistatic packaging applications
Authors: Gill Yasir Qayyum , Ehsan Hira , Irfan Muhammad Shafiq , Saeed Farhan , Shakoor Abdul 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn current study polyaniline filled polypropylene (PP/PAni) conductive composites were prepared by a novel premixing technique followed by melt mixing. The PP/PAni composites were also compatibilized by addition of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride. Polyaniline was prepared by using ammonium per sulphate and ferric chloride as single oxidants. Effects of oxidizing agents (of polyaniline) on composites were studied by morphological, electrical and mechanical properties on composites. FTIR analysis was also carried out to study the nature of interactions and possible bonding between polyaniline and polypropylene matrix. Thermal analysis was carried out to study the thermal stability of composites. Morphological analysis revealed that the proposed premixing technique was quite successful in depositing polyaniline to polypropylene matrix. This analysis was also supported by the results of electrical conductivity where formation of conductive pathways were observed by addition of polyaniline thus converting insulating nature of polypropylene to a semiconducting one.
Role of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon fiber on mechanical properties of PA66/thermoplastic copolyester elastomer composites
Authors: Suresha B , Hemanth G , Hemanth R , Lalla N P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this work, the effect of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the physico-mechnaical properties of short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced polyamide 66/thermoplastic copolyester elastomer composites was investigated. The composites were fabricated with extrusion followed by injection molding method. The host matrix, fiber plus host matrix and graphene nanoplatelets loaded hybrid composites were examined for density, hardness, tensile, flexural and impact properties according to the governing ASTM standard. Fiber reinforcement decreased void content to < 1 % but GNPs were able to keep void content under limits. Hardness and impact strength augmented with 2 wt. % graphene nanoplatelets loading, owing to superficial dispersion developing the relationship between the hardness and impact strength. Graphene nanoplatelets loading benefitted the tensile property. However, the same has a deteriorating effect on flexural strength. Flexural modulus increases until 2 wt. %. Improvement in mechanical properties upon GNPs loading is very feeble when compared to the enhancement with SCFs loading to the host. Upon comparing the properties, it was observed that 2 wt. % of graphene nanoplatelets performed admirably and was recognized as an optimum filler loading. Morphology of fractured surfaces was studied by analyzing the scanning electron microscope images to understand the various features and mechanisms.
CoFe2O4–Fe3O4bimagnetic heterostructure: a versatile core-shell nanoparticle with magnetically recoverable photocatalytic and self heating properties
Authors: Borgohain C , Borah J P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoFe2O4–Fe3O4(Fe/Co = 2.3, 2.75 & 3.5) core-shell magnetic nanocomposite (MNC) was successfully prepared by combined sonochemical and reverse co-precipitation method using cost effective and readily available precursor. The structure, morphology, thermal, optical and magnetic properties of the MNC was extensively studied and the product was found suitable for use as an environmentally safe recyclable photocatalyst for pollution control. The self-heating properties of the MNC was also investigated for magnetic hyperthermia application. The studies of Infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis and formation of the bimagnetic heterostructure. The x-ray Diffraction studies and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the formation of subnanometer clusters (<10 nm) in the asprepared samples. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)/Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) analysis of the as prepared samples showed transformation of intermediate Fe-phases to Fe3O4during sample heating at 420 °C. This transformation accompanied structural changes in the asprepared sample that led to the formation of the coreshell structure which was observed in the TEM images of the annealed sample with Fe/Co ratio (x = 3.5). The magnetization-hysteresis (M-H) studies was done on the asprepared and annealed samples using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The VSM studies showed significant improvement of magnetization and coercivity in the annealed samples making it suitable for re-usability in photocatalytic reaction and magnetic hyperthermia application. The degradation of phenolphthalein (a non-biodegradable organic chemical) in the presence of UV light irradiation was used as a reference reaction to confirm the photocatalytic properties of the CoFe2O4–Fe3O4MNC, which could be well isolated from the media at the end of degradation, by applying an external magnetic field and reused. The nanocomposite was also investigated for magnetic hyperthermia using induction heating properties and the result infer that it is also a promising material for hyperthermia application.
Gene transfer across species boundaries in bryophytes: evidence from major life cycle stages in Homalothecium lutescens and H. sericeum
Authors: Sawangproh W , Hedenäs L , Lang A S , Hansson B , Cronberg N 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe mosses Homalothecium lutescens and H. sericeum are genetically, morphologically and ecologically differentiated; mixed populations sometimes occur. In sympatric populations, intermediate character states among gametophytes and sporophytes have been observed, suggesting hybridization and introgression in such populations.MethodsWe determined genotypes using bi-allelic co-dominant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, specific to either H. lutescens or H. sericeum, to estimate the degree of genetic mixing in 449 moss samples collected from seven sympatric and five allopatric populations on the island of Öland, south Sweden. The samples represented three generations: haploid maternal gametophytes; diploid sporophytes; and haploid sporelings.Key ResultsAdmixture analyses of SNP genotypes identified a majority as pure H. lutescens or H. sericeum, but 76 samples were identified as mildly admixed (17 %) and 17 samples (3.8 %) as strongly admixed. Admixed samples were represented in all three generations in several populations. Hybridization and introgression were bidirectional.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that admixed genomes are transferred between the generations, so that the populations behave as true hybrid zones. Earlier studies of sympatric bryophyte populations with admixed individuals have not been able to show that admixed alleles are transferred beyond the first generation. The presence of true hybrid zones has strong evolutionary implications because genetic material transferred across species boundaries can be directly exposed to selection in the long-lived haploid generation of the bryophyte life cycle, and contribute to local adaptation, long-term survival and speciation.
Benchmarking immunoinformatic tools for the analysis of antibody repertoire sequences
Authors: Smakaj Erand , Babrak Lmar , Ohlin Mats , Shugay Mikhail , Briney Bryan , Tosoni Deniz , Galli Christopher , Grobelsek Vendi , D’Angelo Igor , Olson Branden , Reddy Sai , Greiff Victor , Trück Johannes , Marquez Susanna , Lees William , Miho Enkelejda 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Summary
Antibody repertoires reveal insights into the biology of the adaptive immune system and empower diagnostics and therapeutics. There are currently multiple tools available for the annotation of antibody sequences. All downstream analyses such as choosing lead drug candidates depend on the correct annotation of these sequences; however, a thorough comparison of the performance of these tools has not been investigated. Here, we benchmark the performance of commonly used immunoinformatic tools, i.e. IMGT/HighV-QUEST, IgBLAST and MiXCR, in terms of reproducibility of annotation output, accuracy and speed using simulated and experimental high-throughput sequencing datasets.
We analyzed changes in IMGT reference germline database in the last 10 years in order to assess the reproducibility of the annotation output. We found that only 73/183 (40%) V, D and J human genes were shared between the reference germline sets used by the tools. We found that the annotation results differed between tools. In terms of alignment accuracy, MiXCR had the highest average frequency of gene mishits, 0.02 mishit frequency and IgBLAST the lowest, 0.004 mishit frequency. Reproducibility in the output of complementarity determining three regions (CDR3 amino acids) ranged from 4.3% to 77.6% with preprocessed data. In addition, run time of the tools was assessed: MiXCR was the fastest tool for number of sequences processed per unit of time. These results indicate that immunoinformatic analyses greatly depend on the choice of bioinformatics tool. Our results support informed decision-making to immunoinformaticians based on repertoire composition and sequencing platforms.

Availability and implementation
All tools utilized in the paper are free for academic use.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.