bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over-diagnosis of Rotavirus Infection in Infants Due to Detection of Vaccine Virus
Authors: Whiley David M , Ye Suifang , Tozer Sarah , Clark Julia E , Bletchly Cheryl , Lambert Stephen B , Grimwood Keith , Nimmo Graeme R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An accurate rotavirus diagnosis is important for clinical management and monitoring active disease and vaccine effectiveness. Between 2016–2018, rotavirus-positive results in our laboratory were from vaccine virus shedding in 71/152 (46.7%) infants with a request for rotavirus testing. Routine infant diagnostic testing should ideally distinguish vaccine from wild-type viruses.
Improvement of global longitudinal strain following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with amyloid light-chain cardiac amyloidosis: a case report
Authors: Hirata Yukina , Kusunose Kenya , Miki Hirokazu , Yamada Hirotsugu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a secondary form of cardiomyopathy where abnormal accumulation of amyloid protein in the myocardial interstitium causes cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. If primary CA advances to heart failure, most patients do not survive for very long after the diagnosis.

Case summary
A 40-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for dyspnoea, progressive anaemia, and decreased appetite. He has diagnosed with amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis. Although BD treatment (bortezomib + dexamethasone) and medical treatment were started, there was no sign of improvement. Then, high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) was initiated. Pretreatment echocardiography revealed typical findings of CA, such as ventricular wall thickening, valvular thickening, diastolic dysfunction, and pericardial effusion. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) was significantly reduced, and bull's-eye mapping showed typical apical sparing. After auto-PBSCT, GLS gradually improved and was almost normal after 2 years. Other echocardiographic parameters, functional status, and laboratory data also showed that there was significant regression of CA.

Discussion
Although the prognosis in primary CA is extremely poor, we achieved long-term survival in a patient with effective high-dose chemotherapy and auto-PBSCT. Global longitudinal strain may be a useful marker of prognosis, regression, and recovery.
Benefits of juvenile stand management in Finland—impacts on wood production based on scenario analysis
Authors: Huuskonen Saija , Haikarainen Soili , Sauvula-Seppälä Tiina , Salminen Hannu , Lehtonen Mika , Siipilehto Jouni , Ahtikoski Anssi , Korhonen Kari T , Hynynen Jari 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe evaluated the impacts of juvenile stand management on wood production based on a nationwide scenario analysis. Measured plot-level information of the Finnish 11th National Forest Inventory (NFI) from juvenile stands formed the initial data for the analysis. To represent a total of 2.5 million hectares of productive forest land available for wood production, 6900 sample plots were selected. We predicted the development of the sample-plot stands for the next 100 years using the Motti stand simulator. We examined the impacts of juvenile stand management, including early cleaning and precommercial thinning, with three scenarios of different intensities of early-stage management (intensive, no management and business-as-usual). The results showed the benefits of juvenile stand management: earlier harvesting revenues, larger total removals, more valuable wood in the removals, and additional benefits that are associated with the first commercial thinning (i.e. no need for clearing before thinning, a larger stem size of removed trees). The main downside of juvenile stand management was the cost of the early cleaning and precommercial thinning. According to the results, a €560 million increase in costs would result in a €1700 million increase in stumpage earnings in Finnish forests during the next 100-year period. The 34 million m3 increase in the sawlog yield together with 28 million m3 decrease in the pulpwood yield also demonstrated the nationwide potential for increasing valuable sawlog production by intensive management of juvenile stands.
Nano-emulsification Enhances the Larvicidal Potential of the Essential Oil of Siparuna guianensis (Laurales: Siparunaceae) Against Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo Marcelo dos Anjos , D’haveloose Naima Pontes , Cruz Rodrigo Alves Soares , Araújo Raquel Silva , Carvalho José Carlos Tavares , Rocha Leandro , Fernandes Laís Pinho , Da Costa Tiago Silva , Fernandes Caio Pinho , Souto Raimundo Nonato Picanço 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Siparuna guianensis (Laurales: Siparunaceae) has a terpene-rich essential oil with great potential for larvicides. The poor water miscibility of their compounds makes nano-emulsions of great interest for novel bioactive systems, including for control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). This species is adapted to urban environments with important role in the epidemiology of some arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya fever, zika, and urban yellow fever. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of nano-emulsification to affect Ae. aegypti larvae. An optimal system was achieved by using a nonionic single surfactant, highlighted by its satisfactory size distribution profile. Moreover, improved larvicidal activity in comparison to bulk essential oil can be observed for the nano-emulsions. The estimated LC50 and LC90 values after 24 h of treatment of larvae with the essential oil were, respectively, 86.5232 and 134.814 µg/ml, while the estimated LC50 and LC90 value after treatment with the nano-emulsion were 24.7572 and 75.2452 µg/ml, respectively. The utilization of a simple technique to produce a fine nano-emulsion opens perspective for further integrative practices of mosquito control and giving value to this Amazon plant species may encourage its sustainable use and contribute to conservation policies.
Investigating the spectral age problem with powerful radio galaxies
Authors: Mahatma Vijay H , Hardcastle Martin J , Croston Judith H , Harwood Jeremy , Ineson Judith , Moldon Javier 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe ‘spectral age problem’ is our systematic inability to reconcile the maximum cooling time of radiating electrons in the lobes of a radio galaxy with its age as modelled by the dynamical evolution of the lobes. While there are known uncertainties in the models that produce both age estimates, ‘spectral’ ages are commonly underestimated relative to dynamical ages, consequently leading to unreliable estimates of the time-averaged kinetic feedback of a powerful radio galaxy. In this work, we attempt to solve the spectral age problem by observing two cluster-centre powerful radio galaxies; 3C 320 and 3C 444. With high-resolution broad-band Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations of the radio sources and deep XMM–Newton and Chandra observations of their hot intracluster media, coupled with the use of an analytic model, we robustly determine their spectral and dynamical ages. After finding self-consistent dynamical models that agree with our observational constraints, and accounting for sub-equipartition magnetic fields, we find that our spectral ages are still underestimated by a factor of two at least. Equipartition magnetic fields will underestimate the spectral age by factors of up to ∼20. The turbulent mixing of electron populations in the radio lobes is likely to be the main remaining factor in the spectral age/dynamical age discrepancy, and must be accounted for in the study of large samples of powerful radio galaxies.
Streaming classification of variable stars
Authors: Zorich L , Pichara K , Protopapas P 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTIn the last years, automatic classification of variable stars has received substantial attention. Using machine learning techniques for this task has proven to be quite useful. Typically, machine learning classifiers used for this task require to have a fixed training set, and the training process is performed offline. Upcoming surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will generate new observations daily, where an automatic classification system able to create alerts online will be mandatory. A system with those characteristics must be able to update itself incrementally. Unfortunately, after training, most machine learning classifiers do not support the inclusion of new observations in light curves, they need to re-train from scratch. Naively re-training from scratch is not an option in streaming settings, mainly because of the expensive pre-processing routines required to obtain a vector representation of light curves (features) each time we include new observations. In this work, we propose a streaming probabilistic classification model; it uses a set of newly designed features that work incrementally. With this model, we can have a machine learning classifier that updates itself in real time with new observations. To test our approach, we simulate a streaming scenario with light curves from Convention, Rotation and planetary Transits (CoRoT), Orbital Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE), and Massive Compact Halo Object (MACHO) catalogues. Results show that our model achieves high classification performance, staying an order of magnitude faster than traditional classification approaches.
An NMF-based approach to discover overlooked differentially expressed gene regions from single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Matsumoto Hirotaka , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Ozaki Haruka , Tsuyuzaki Koki , Umeda Mana , Iida Tsuyoshi , Nakamura Masaya , Okano Hideyuki , Nikaido Itoshi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing has enabled researchers to quantify the transcriptomes of individual cells, infer cell types and investigate differential expression among cell types, which will lead to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of cell states. Transcript diversity caused by phenomena such as aberrant splicing events have been revealed, and differential expression of previously unannotated transcripts might be overlooked by annotation-based analyses. Accordingly, we have developed an approach to discover overlooked differentially expressed (DE) gene regions that complements annotation-based methods. Our algorithm decomposes mapped count data matrix for a gene region using non-negative matrix factorization, quantifies the differential expression level based on the decomposed matrix, and compares the differential expression level based on annotation-based approach to discover previously unannotated DE transcripts. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing for human neural stem cells and applied our algorithm to the dataset. We also applied our algorithm to two public single-cell RNA sequencing datasets correspond to mouse ES and primitive endoderm cells, and human preimplantation embryos. As a result, we discovered several intriguing DE transcripts, including a transcript related to the modulation of neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
AS2-2 NEUROCOGNITIVE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN WITH BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Yoshihashi Manabu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The survival rate of children with brain tumors has been improving in the recent times. However, treatment outcomes should also include improved functional prognosis, considering motor dysfunction and sensory disorders, such as vision, and neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders, such as impaired intelligence, memory disorders, impaired attention, and impaired social behavior. In children with brain tumors, neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders easily occur due to various factors such as effect of the tumor, complications such as hydrocephalus, and impact of surgical treatment or radiotherapy. In addition, neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders are associated with decreasing quality of life (QoL) of pediatric patients with brain tumors.
When assessing neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders, objective assessments such as a neuropsychological assessment that includes an academic achievement test and an intelligence test, and subjective assessments such as observing behaviors need to be included. However, limited pediatric neuropsychological tests available in Japan.
Little evidence is available on the direct intervention methods that aim to improve neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders. Medical management for epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and endocrine disorders is performed while carefully considering cognitive function even in patients with neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders. Patients’ symptoms and QoL can be improved through cognitive rehabilitation, environmental adjustments such as an intervention in their educational environment, and family support. To integrate these medical and social models, a multidisciplinary team approach is required.
There is limited data on the assessment and intervention methods available for neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders of children with brain tumors. Currently, only a few facilities are equipped to provide expert treatment. The Neuropsychological Assessment Subcommittee (Brain Tumor Committee, the Japanese Children’s Cancer Group (JCCG)) aims to standardize the evaluation of neurocognitive and psychosocial disorders and intervention methods. These will be presented in line with the medical care provided at our hospital.
MS2 BRAIN TUMORS AND EPILEPSY
Authors: Iuchi Toshihiko 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A brain tumor is one of the major causes of epilepsy, and glioma patients frequently exhibit seizures. Epileptic seizure, one of the features of glioma, is also known to be correlated with better outcome of patients. One of the reasons why patients with seizures have a good prognosis is that oligodendroglial tumors tends to cause epilepsy. However, even if limited to glioblastomas, the prognosis with epilepsy is still better than the others. Recently, the association between IDH mutations and epilepsy had been reported. IDH is an enzyme which converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate, but when this enzyme is mutated, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is produced instead of alpha-ketoglutarate. The molecular structure of 2HG is similar to glutamate, and it had been also reported that 2HG binds to the NMDA receptor. Indeed, in our cases, the IDH-mutation rate was higher in cases with epilepsy than the others. From our study of gene expression profiles, it was also clarified that the expressions of neuron-related genes were higher in cases with epileptic seizures, suggesting that many tumors classified as pro-neural type were included in this subset. As described, epilepsy phenotype is important, even in daily practice, because it predict the molecular status of gliomas and estimates the prognosis of the patients.
On the other hand, control of the seizures is important to keep patients’ QoL and to provide effective treatment. In this seminar, the control of epilepsy during and early after surgery, and how to manage status epilepticus will be reviewed.
SL3 PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA: CURRENT CONCEPTS AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Grommes Christian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The lecture will summaries current standards of disease staging and treatment of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL). Concepts underlying the current first-line treatment regimen will be presented and current controversies in the treatment of PCNSL, including choice of induction regimen, choice of consolidation, and the roles of surgery/radiation/intrathecal therapy, will be discussed. In additional, the presentation will summarize novel insights into the pathophysiology of PCNSL, particularly the B-cell receptor signaling pathway (BCR). Results of completed and ongoing clinical trials targeting the BCR will be presented. The treatment standards in the recurrent setting will be summarized and additional novel therapeutic avenues, eg. immune checkpoint inhibition will be discussed. Furthermore, novel combinational clinical trials in recurrent/refractory setting will be discussed. Moreover, the diagnostic and prognostic value of novel, genomic testing and their integration into clinical trial development and clinical decision making will be discussed.
S5-KL-1 CURRENT TREATMENT FOR DLBCL AND PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT FOR SECONDARY CNS LYMPHOMA
Authors: Izutsu Koji 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of lymphoma, comprising 30% of all lymphoma cases. More than 60% of patients can be cured with current standard treatment, R-CHOP. On the other hand, prognosis of patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL is disappointing with less than 10% being cured with salvage chemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation. Prognosis of patients with central nervous system (CNS) relapse is especially poor because of a limited treatment option. Thus, evaluating risks of CNS relapse at diagnosis and administering prophylaxis including intrathecal methotrexate (MTX) or systemic high-dose MTX concurrently with R-CHOP or as consolidation therapy in high-risk patients are often-used approach. Clinically, higher risk according to the International Prognostic Index and extranodal involvement in organs such as kidney, adrenal gland, breast, testis, or bone marrow are considered to be high-risk for CNS relapse. Recently, CNS-International Prognostic Index has been proposed to integrate aforementioned risk factors. Moreover, patients with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, CD5+ DLBCL, double hit lymphoma are reported as high-risk for CNS relapse. Further, the MYD88 L265P mutation, a common mutation in primary CNS DLBCL (PCNSL) is also common in DLBCL of testis or breast, which are the sites associated with CNS relapse.
Strategies for CNS prophylaxis have not established yet, and it is still unclear whether intrathecal MTX or high-dose MTX can prevent CNS relapse. Moreover, treatment for secondary CNS relapse have not been established. In particular, for those with both CNS and extra-CNS lesions, effective treatment options are very limited. The role of novel agents such as BTK inhibitors, lenalidomide, and immune check point inhibitors, whose efficacy have been shown for PCNSL, should be investigated further in the management of secondary CNS lymphoma.
ANGI-05 PATHOGENESIS OF RESISTANCE (MIMICRY AND CO-OPTION) TO ANTI-ANGIOGENIC TREATMENT FOR GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Takano Shingo , Tanaka Toshihide , Ishikawa Eiichi , Yamamoto Youhei , Takai Jun , Matsuda Masahide , Tsurubuchi Takao , Akutsu Hiroyoshi , Matsumura Akira 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

PURPOSE
Vessel co-option and vascular mimicry are important resistant factors with ant-angiogenic treatment for glioblastoma, but those precise evaluation is not clear. We had three types of glioblastoma surgically removed specimens treated with / without bevacizumab (Bev). Using these samples, pathogenesis of co-option and mimicry was morphometrically clarified.

MATERIALS / METHODS
Three types of glioblastoma specimens were analyzed; 1) Bev naive (N group, n 14), 2) Bev effective that was treated preoperative neoadjuvant Bev (E group, n 5), 3) Bev refractory that recurred with continuous Bev treatment for paired E group (R group, n 5). Vascular density was defined as a number of type IV collagen covered lumen. Vascular mimicry was measured as a ratio of CD34 negative / type IV collagen positive lumen. Vessel co-option was graded to 3 degrees (-), (+), (++) at tumor margin.

RESULTS
(1)Vascular density was significantly lower with E group (p&lt;0.01) and R gr up (p&lt;0.02) compared to N group. (2)Mimicry was significantly higher with R group compared to N and E group (p&lt;0.01). Between paired samples, refractory case was constantly higher than effective sample. (3) Co-option was increases with R group compared to N group.

DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
The effect of Bev for glioblastoma was investigated on three points (vascular density, vascular mimicry and vessel co-option) and two pathogeneses were clarified. In Bev refractory case, density was decreased, but mimicry and co-option were increased compared to Bev naive case. In Bev effective case, density was decreased, but mimicry and co-option were unchanged. Anti-angiogenic treatment for initial and Bev refractory glioblastoma should consider targeting co-option and mimicry in addition to Bev.
CBMS-01 AGE-DEPENDENT GLIOBLASTOMA PROGRESSION SUPPRESSED BY NAD+
Authors: Yamashita Daisuke , Ozaki Saya , Suehiro Satoshi , Sonomura Kazuhiro , Kondo Toru , Sato Taka-Aki , Kunieda Takeharu , Nakano Ichiro 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The rise in population aging worldwide is causing an unparalleled increase in death from many cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM). Here, we have explored the impact of aging and rejuvenation on GBM tumorigenesis. Compared with old GBM, young GBM displayed elevated neuronal/synaptic signaling via brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and SLIT and NTRK like-family member 6 (SLITRK6), promoting favorable survival rates. These effects were attributed to the rise in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, as brain rejuvenation by parabiosis or administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in mice elicited a younger phenotype with activated neuronal/synaptic signaling and improved outcomes. Our data indicate that age-associated NAD+ loss contributes to the highly aggressive GBM in the elderly. These findings have therapeutic implications in GBM and provide mechanistic insights into the exacerbation of GBM tumorigenesis with age.
CBMS-02 CROSSTALK WITH ASTROCYTES ESTABLISHES TUMOR EDGE IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Yamashita Daisuke , Ozaki Saya , Kondo Toru , Kunieda Takeharu , Nakano Ichiro 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Clinical outcomes for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) are extremely poor due to inevitable tumor recurrence even after extensive treatments. These recurrences are thought to manifest from cells located within the tumor edge. Despite this, the precise molecular mechanism governing GBM spatial phenotypic heterogeneity (e.g. edge vs. core) and subsequent tumor recurrence remains poorly elucidated. Here, using patient-derived GBM core and edge tissues, we analyzed transcriptional and metabolic signatures in an effort to determine how GBM facilitates the edge phenotype and its associated recurrence-initiating cells (RICs). In so doing, we unexpectedly identified CD38 as an essential protein in the formation of the edge phenotype and found a CD38-driven interaction between edge GBM cells and neighboring astrocytes that communally develops a GBM edge that is unresectable by surgery and retains RICs. These findings have profound implications for future clinical therapies and provide new mechanistic insights into both tumor progression and recurrence.