bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КУЛЬТУРА В ЖИЗНИ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: ВАСИЛЬЕВА Л.В. , МАСЛАКОВА М.В. , ТОЛСТОУХОВА И.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется и раскрывается современная культура, ее влияние на миро- воззрение и ценности молодежи. Как показывает опыт, культура ориентирует людей на определенные поведенческие стандарты, создает стимулы и мотивы их действий, поступков, считающихся в данном социальном сообществе нормальными, естественными, правильными. В связи с этим авторы провели социологический опрос среди студентов, с целью изучить мнение молодежи о современной культуре. В результате определили, что социальные сети, интернет и новые технологии играют важную роль в распростране- нии современной культуры, что культура влияет на будущее общества и студенческую сре- ду, через развитие и продвижение новых идей и инноваций. Студенты считают нужным принимать участие в разных мероприятиях, которые, формируют чувство гражданской причастности и гордости за свою страну, ее историю и культуру. Авторы выделяют и под- черкивают, что изменяющаяся культурная действительность, каждый раз обусловливает новые параметры жизненного пути нового поколения. Ценностное отношение современ- ной российской молодёжи к культуре существенно изменяется под влиянием её жизнен- ных ситуаций, поэтому необходимо обеспечить связь ценностного отношения к культуре с изменяющимися смысло-жизненными ориентациями молодых людей.
The article analyzes and reveals modern culture, its influence on the worldview and values of youth. As experience shows, culture orients people to certain behavioral standards, creates incentives and motives for their actions, actions that are considered normal, natural, and correct in this social community. In this regard, the authors conducted a sociological survey among students in order to study the opinion of young people about modern culture. As a result, it was determined that social networks, the Internet and new technologies play an important role in the dissemination of modern culture, that culture influences the future of society and the student environment through the development and promotion of new ideas and innovations. Students consider it necessary to take part in various events that form a sense of civic engagement and pride in their country, its history and culture. The authors highlight and emphasize that the changing cultural reality determines new parameters of the life path of a new generation every time. The value attitude of modern Russian youth to culture changes significantly under the influence of their life situations, therefore it is necessary to ensure the connection of the value attitude to culture with the changing meaning-life orientations of young people.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ В ЗЕРКАЛЕ СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
Authors: ДУРАН Т.В. 
Published: December 2024

Одним из приоритетов современной государственной социальной политики в на- стоящее время является сохранение и укрепление здоровья населения, что под- тверждает принятие целого нормативных документов, в которых задача сохра- нения и укрепления здоровья молодежи определена как приоритетная [14]. Однако, несмотря на повышенное внимание государства и общества к данной проблеме, наблю- дается ухудшение здоровья населения в целом и молодежи, в частности. На основании результатов как вторичных социологических исследований, так и собственного эмпири- ческого материала в статье проанализированы трактовки здорового образа жизни, кото- рый рассматривается с позиций биомедицинского, ценностного, деятельностного подхо- дов. На основе данных эмпирических исследований выявлена мотивация студенческой молодежи к выбору здорового образа жизни. В статье рассмотрены идеи и концепции классиков социологической мысли (Г.Спенсера, М.Вебера, Э.Дюркгейма, Г.Зиммеля, Э. идденса и др.) о физическом воспитании личности в целом и здоровом образе жизни в частности, которые сохраняют свою актуальность для современного социологического знания.
One of the priorities of actual state social policy is the preservation and the strengthening of the health of the population, which is supported by the adoption of a whole of regulatory documents, in which the task of preserving and strengthening the health of young people is defined as a priority. However, despite the increased attention of the State and society to this problem, there is a deterioration in the health of the population in general and young people, in particular. Based on the results of both secondary sociological studies and our own empirical material, the article analyses the interpretations of a healthy lifestyle, which is considered from the standpoint of biomedical, value-based, and activity approaches. The article examined the ideas and concepts of the classics of sociological thought (H. Spencer, M. Weber, E. Durkheim, G. Simmel, E. Giddens, etc.) about the physical education of the individual in general and a healthy lifestyle in particular, which remain relevant for modern sociological knowledge.
Ius Puniendi y la Situación de las personas privadas de libertad: La intervención garantista del Consultorio Jurídico Gratuito de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo
Authors: Collaguazo Fiallo Leonardo Vicente , Romero Oviedo Jorge Eudoro , Barba Tamayo Edison Paúl 
Published: December 2024

El ius puniendi es definido como la potestad del Estado para ejercer coerción sobre un derecho individual bajo la figura del poder punitivo, este accionar permite actuar como protección para la sociedad; en Ecuador, el ordenamiento jurídico, reconoce aún más los derechos de las personas privadas de libertad, estableciendo principios básicos de garantía como: el debido proceso y la presunción de inocencia; analizar el ejercicio del ius puniendi y la situación de las personas privadas de libertad en Ecuador, mediante la intervención de consultorios jurídicos gratuitos a nivel nacional, es el desafío; los hallazgos investigativos revelan fallos en garantías procesales, acceso a la justicia y falta de políticas de rehabilitación social; a pesar de los avances normativos, subsiste mucho por hacer para garantizar los procesos judiciales para las personas privadas de libertad en Ecuador.
« Comme c’est un animal impur, on pourra le tuer ». La gestion des porcs dans les villes du Canada pendant la période française (1608-1763)
Authors: Riguelle William 
Published: December 2024

À travers le cas des villes de Québec et de Montréal aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, cet article propose de se pencher sur la législation relative aux cochons, d’éclairer les normes qui régulent leur présence en milieu urbain et d’analyser les motifs qui poussent à légiférer à leur encontre. Le porc est en effet un animal fréquemment ciblé par les édits de police sous le Régime français et fournit par conséquent une approche originale pour étudier l’histoire urbaine des premiers temps du Canada. Pour quel(s) motif(s) les porcs font-ils régulièrement l’objet de normes ? Quelles sont les répercussions de leur présence sur le territoire ? Comment les autorités gèrent-elles la cohabitation entre l’humain et l’animal ? Autant d’interrogations qui permettent de saisir, à travers cet agent non humain, la manière dont une société s’approprie, façonne, gère et conçoit son espace. Cet angle d’approche s’inscrit dans un courant de recherches qui, depuis les années 1980 essentiellement, met en avant l’intérêt de se focaliser sur l’animal et les discours à son égard pour étudier la société humaine et l’histoire urbaine.
The Ethical Paradox of Informed Consent in HPV Vaccination: Examining the Legal Boundaries and Ethical Considerations of Parental Consent, Public Health, and Individual Rights
Authors: Susilo Filia Clementy Daniast , Faridian Bagus , Nu’man Alexander Alif , Tyas Pradina Candraning , Firdaus Muhammad Luthfi 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective: Effective communication is crucial in medical procedures, and informed consent is a key example of this. However, informed consent may face unique circumstances, such as in life support situations or government health programs. The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, as part of a government initiative, raises the question of whether informed consent is still required. The study aims to explore whether informed consent is still necessary for the HPV vaccination and to analyze the legal implications if a citizen refuses to receive the vaccine. Patients have the right to refuse medical actions, making it essential to understand the legal consequences of rejecting the HPV vaccination.
Methods: This study adopts a normative juridical approach with an analytic descriptive specification. Secondary data was gathered from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources through literature reviews, document studies, and archival research. The collected data was then analyzed qualitatively and presented in a descriptive format.
Results: The study found that there are exceptions to the requirement for informed consent for vaccinations included in government programs. Specifically, informed consent is not necessary for individuals within the target age group of the government’s HPV vaccination program. In Indonesia, this program targets girls aged 9 to 14. Additionally, there are currently no legal penalties for individuals who refuse the HPV vaccination.
Conclusion: Informed consent is not required for individuals within the targeted age group of the government’s HPV vaccination program in Indonesia. Furthermore, there are no legal penalties for rejecting the vaccination.
Prediction of Soil Colour using Vis-NIR Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sahu Devid Kumar , Sharma Y. M. , Tagore G. S. , Kulhare P. S. , Nema R.K. , Sahu R. K. 
Published: December 2024

Soil colour is a critical indicator of soil properties and conditions, influencing various agronomic and environmental factors. A total of 2216 surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from the Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hill zone of Madhya Pradesh, using Global Positioning System (GPS) for precise location. Soil colour parameters were measured in the field using the Munsell soil colour chart, while chemical analysis was conducted in the laboratory following standard procedures. Additionally, spectra of the soil samples were recorded using a spectroradiometer under laboratory conditions.
The results showed that the soil colour hues ranged from 10R, 10YR, 2.5Y, 2.5YR, 5Y, 5R, 5YR, to 7.5YR, Values and Chroma varied from 2 to 7 and 1 to 8, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between the RGB components and organic carbon, with r values of -0.114**, -0.071**, and -0.101* for R, G, and B, respectively. Polynomial models showed the best fit for the relationship between the value and chroma of the colour parameters and soil organic carbon (SOC), with equations Y = 0.086x² - 0.860x + 7.528 (R² = 0.982) and Y = 0.018x² - 0.249x + 6.126 (R² = 0.948), respectively. A linear relationship was observed between chroma and available phosphorus (P), with the equation Y = -0.873 + 13.92 (R² = 0.922).
In addition, machine learning models, including PLSR, SVM, Random Forest, ANN, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and ELM algorithms, were used to predict soil colour parameters. Among these, the Random Forest and XGBoost models demonstrated the best performance in predicting soil colour parameters (L*, a*, b*, R, G, and B), with model accuracies of 83.6%, 80.9%, 83.0%, 84.3%, 83.7%, and 83.4%, respectively. soil colour variation depicted in the maps generated using GIS can also serve as covariates for mapping, offering comprehensive insights into the soil's properties.
Effect of Trichoderma viride and Botanical Extracts on Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease of Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata L.)
Authors: Kumar Pravin , Zacharia Sunil , Kumar Dhiraj , Yadav Anurag , Singh Shubham , Bawane Atul Suresh 
Published: December 2024

Cabbage is most important vegetable crop. This vegetable has leaf spot disease from bacteria, fugal and virus. Therefore, the present investigation on “Effect of Trichoderma viride and botanical extracts on alternaria leaf spot disease of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var. capitata L.)” was carried out in Rabi-2023-24 under field conditions. The effect of treatments were evaluated on different growth parameters, disease intensity (%), yield and cost benefit ratio of cabbage.
The significantly effective in reducing disease intensity (%) was obtained in combine treatment of Trichoderma viride with Neem leaf extract at 45 days after transplanting (17.27 %), 60 days after transplanting (22.66 %) and 75 days after transplanting (27.34 %), with highest C:B ratio (1:2.32) followed by Trichoderma viride with Eucalyptus leaf extract at 45 (17.87 %), 60 days after transplanting (23.31 %) and 75 days after transplanting (28.72 %), with C:B ratio (1:2.13) and least disease intensity was recorded in Trichoderma viride with Garlic bulb extract at 45 days after transplanting (19.54 %), 60 days after transplanting (25.67 %) and 75 days after transplanting (33.64 %), with least C:B ratio (1:1.21) as compared to control at 45 days after transplanting (23.35 %), 60 days after transplanting (31.33 %) and 75 days after transplanting (45.38 %), with lowest C:B ratio (1:0.86).
The treatment of Trichoderma viride with Neem leaf extract resulted in maximum number of leaves at 45 days after transplanting (14.20), 60 days after transplanting (25.47) and 75 days after transplanting (36.27), head diameter (14.20 cm), head weight (0.69 kg) with highest yield (25.45 t/ha) followed by Trichoderma viride with Eucalyptus leaf extract at 45 days after transplanting (13.13), 60 days after transplanting (23.33) and 75 days after transplanting (33.73), head diameter (13.05 cm), head weight (0.65 kg) with yield (24.03 t/ha) and least number of leaves was recorded in Trichoderma viride with Garlic bulb extract at 45 days after transplanting (8.93), 60 days after transplanting (14.80) and 75 days after transplanting (23.33), head diameter (8.20 cm), head weight (0.49 kg) with least yield (17.99 t/ha) as compared to control at 45 days after transplanting (7.53), 60 days after transplanting (12.00) and 75 days after transplanting (20.73), minimum head diameter (7.05 cm), head weight (0.38 kg) with lowest yield (14.22 t/ha).
Neutrophil activation by Escherichia coli isolates from human intestine: effects of bacterial hydroperoxidase activity and surface hydrophobicity
Authors: Moshkovskaya Mariam , Vakhrusheva Tatyana , Rakitina Daria , Baykova Julia , Panasenko Oleg , Basyreva Lilia , Gusev Sergey , Gusev Alexander , Mikhalchik Elena , Smolina Natalia , Dobretsov Gennadiy , Scherbakov Petr , Parfenov Asfold , Fadeeva Nina , Pobeguts Olga , Govorun Vadim 
Published: January 2020

Successful colonization of the intestine requires that bacteria interact with the innate immune system and, in particular, neutrophils. Progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is associated with alterations in gut microbiota, and dysbiosis in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients is often associated with an expansion of Escherichia coli. Here, we investigated the ability of such E. coli isolates to avoid neutrophil activation and to utilize reactive oxygen species. Neutrophil activation was detected in vitro in normal human blood via luminol chemiluminescence (CL) induced by reactive oxygen and halogen species generated by neutrophils. No significant difference in neutrophil activation in vitro was detected between isolates from inflamed (23 isolates) vs healthy intestines (5 isolates), with 10‐fold variation within both groups (2.9–61.2 mV). CL activity of isolates from the same patient differed by 1.5–5 times. Twenty‐four isolates from ileal aspirate, biopsy, and feces of seven patients with CD and one patient with no intestine inflammation were tested for extracellular peroxidase and catalase activity and cell surface hydrophobicity. Average values between patients varied from 26 ± 3 to 73 ± 18 µmol·g−1 of air dry weight for peroxidase activity, from 15 ± 2 to 189 ± 56 mmol·g−1 of air dry weight for catalase activity, and from 5 ± 3 to 105 ± 9 a.u. for the hydrophobic probe fluorescence. Extracellular peroxidase activity and hydrophobicity of bacterial cell surface correlated negatively with stimulated neutrophil CL. The ability of some isolates to avoid neutrophil activation and to utilize reactive oxygen species may provide a strategy to survive assault by the innate immune system.
Comparing the effects of generating questions, testing, and restudying on students' long‐term recall in university learning
Authors: Ebersbach Mirjam , Feierabend Maike , Nazari Katharina Barzagar B. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryWe compared the long‐term effects of generating questions by learners with answering questions (i.e., testing) and restudying in the context of a university lecture. In contrast to previous studies, students were not prepared for the learning strategies, learning content was experimentally controlled, and effects on factual and transfer knowledge were examined. Students' overall recall performance after one week profited from generating questions and testing but not from restudying. When analyzing the effects on both knowledge types separately, traditional analyses revealed that only factual knowledge appeared to benefit from testing. However, additional Bayesian analyses suggested that generating questions and testing similarly benefit factual and transfer knowledge compared with restudying. The generation of questions thus seems to be another powerful learning strategy, yielding similar effects as testing on long‐term retention of coherent learning content in educational contexts, and these effects emerge for factual and transfer knowledge.
Conversion of Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue to Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Fatigue Scores in Two Phase III Baricitinib Rheumatoid Arthritis Trials
Authors: Bingham Clifton O. , Bartlett Susan J. , Kannowski Carol , Sun Luna , DeLozier Amy M. , Cella David 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveThe Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT‐F) is validated for measuring fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, 10 of 13 FACIT‐F items are identified as relevant to patients with RA. The Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) uses an item response theory–calibrated T score metric. The PROMIS Fatigue item bank includes the FACIT‐F items, enabling score conversion. The performance of converted PROMIS Fatigue scores has not been evaluated in RA populations or clinical trials. Our objective was to assess the performance of converted PROMIS Fatigue scores in 2 RA clinical trials of baricitinib.MethodsCrosswalk tables and pattern‐scoring methods converted FACIT‐F scores to PROMIS Fatigue for both the 13‐item FACIT‐F and the 10‐item RA‐optimized FACIT‐F instrument, in 2 RA clinical trials evaluating baricitinib, RA‐BEAM, and RA‐BEACON. RA‐BEAM patients had an inadequate response to methotrexate. RA‐BEACON patients had an inadequate response or intolerance to ≥1 tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Baricitinib was compared to all treatment arms via analysis of covariance on PROMIS Fatigue score conversions.ResultsBaseline FACIT‐F–derived PROMIS Fatigue scores reflected severe fatigue across treatment groups and were similar using different scoring methods. At week 24 in both studies, baricitinib was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in PROMIS Fatigue scores. PROMIS Fatigue scores were consistent for conversion methods and for the 13‐item or 10‐item FACIT‐F.ConclusionAll 4 conversion methods showed differentiation of active treatment compared with placebo from week 12, supporting the use of the PROMIS Fatigue and converting the 10‐item FACIT‐F to assess fatigue and demonstrate treatment benefit in RA clinical trials on a standardized metric.
Recent Advances in Nano‐ and Micromotors
Authors: Fernández‐Medina Marina , Ramos‐Docampo Miguel A. , Hovorka Ondrej , Salgueiriño Verónica , Städler Brigitte 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNano‐ and micromotors are fascinating objects that can navigate in complex fluidic environments. Their active motion can be triggered by external power sources or they can exhibit self‐propulsion using fuel extracted from their surroundings. The research field is rapidly evolving and has produced nano/micromotors of different geometrical designs, exploiting a variety of mechanisms of locomotion, being capable of achieving remarkable speeds in diverse environments ranging from simple aqueous solutions to complex media including cell cultures or animal tissue. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent developments with focus on predominantly experimental demonstrations of the various motor designs developed in the past 24 months. First, externally driven motors are discussed followed by considering fuel‐driven approaches. Finally, a short future perspective is provided.
Risk factors for prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay among patients with acute drug overdose in Japan
Authors: Okazaki Yuka , Shimojo Nobutake , Matsuishi Yujiro , Hoshino Haruhiko , Ouchi Akira , Kawano Satoru , Hoshino Tetsuya , Koyama Yasuaki , Enomoto Yuki , Inoue Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2020

AimHospital selection for patients with drug overdose (DOD) is a critical issue. In Tokyo, the 50‐tablet rule has been widely utilized by paramedics for triaging patients with DOD given that it shortens the triage time. However, studies have not investigated the utility of such a rule in local cities. The present study aimed to identify prognostic pre‐ and in‐hospital factors among patients with DOD and determine whether the 50‐tablet rule benefits local cities.MethodsClinical records of patients with DOD admitted at the University of Tsukuba Hospital (Tsukuba, Japan) between 2013 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsA total of 93 patients with DOD were enrolled in this study. Multivariate analysis showed that creatine kinase and C‐reactive protein values and the total number of ingested pills were in‐hospital risk factors that significantly prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay. Moreover, Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission and the total number of ingested pills were identified as significant pre‐hospital risk factors for prolonged ICU and hospital stay. Setting the total number of ingested pills to 50 tablets did not significantly influence ICU and hospital stay.ConclusionThe total number of ingested pills and creatine kinase and C‐reactive protein values were identified as predictive factors for prolonged ICU and hospital stay in patients with DOD after admission. Moreover, pre‐hospital risk factors included Glasgow Coma Scale score and the total number of ingested pills. However, the 50‐tablet rule was determined to be a poor cut‐off value for patients with DOD. We presented a subset of our findings at the 46th annual meeting of the Japanese Society for Acute Medicine (Yokohama, Japan) on 20 November 2018.
Film reaction kinetics for melt postpolycondensation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Authors: Chen Shichang , Chen Song , Guang Shanshan , Zhang Xianming , Chen Wenxing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMelt polycondensation has recently been reported to prepare high‐viscosity poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), the reaction efficiency is greatly improved in over 10‐folds compared with conventional solid state polycondensation (SSP). Melt postpolycondensation of common PET chips was conducted in specified film thickness to obtain industrial PET. Based on the investigation of reaction conditions, film reaction kinetics were determined in the principle of end groups analysis. It was positively regulated that the intrinsic viscosity of PET could be achieved in condition of high vacuum, thin melt film and proper temperature, degradation reaction would be increased at exorbitant temperature. An apparent reaction kinetic model was proposed and was verified by experiments. Results indicated the activation energy of melt postpolycondensation of PET was 88.22 kJ/mol and the reaction rate constant was significant higher than that of solid state polycondensation.