bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between combined oral contraceptive use and overweight/obesity: a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Endalifer Melese Linger , Diress Alen Gedefaw , Addisu Amanuel , Linger Bedilu 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to assess the association between combined oral contraceptive (OC) use and overweight/obesity among Ethiopian adult women of reproductive age.Design, setting and participantsThe data were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey; these data were collected from nine regions and two city administrations. We analysed the data from a total of 11 018 women aged 18–49 years who met eligibility criteria.Main outcome measuresWe employed WHO criteria to classify the body mass index of women. Specifically we tested the association between combined OC utilisation with overweight/obesity after controlling for confounding variables.ResultThe prevalence of combined OC utilisation was 1.7% and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 8.6% among adult women of reproductive age. Use of combined OC increases the odds of overweight/obesity by two times among adult women of reproductive age after controlling for potential confounders (adjusted OR=1.902 (1.064–3.399)).ConclusionIn conclusion there is significant association between combined OC use and overweight/obesity. The findings have important implications for policymakers to design evidence based policy approachs to obesity prevention for women and at large for government to recognise the negative consequences of combined OC on women health.
Glenoid failure after total shoulder arthroplasty with cemented all-polyethylene versus metal-backed implants: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Zan Renato Aroca Aroca , Lazarini Rafael Fuchs , Matsunaga Fabio Teruo , Netto Nicola Archetti , Belloti João Carlos , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionAnatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is an effective treatment adopted for patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA). The glenoid component failure is the main risk that occurs in this therapeutic choice; however, doubts remain regarding the selection of the best implant for avoiding complication. This systematic review aims to evaluate the glenoid component in TSA by comparing the complications of different types of implants.Methods and analysisA systematic review of randomised clinical trials or quasi-randomised trials will be performed by applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocols and comparing polyethylene (keeled and pegged) versus metal-backed implants in adult patients with glenohumeral OA. Our search strategy will be performed using MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE and Web of Science. Data management and extraction will be performed using a data withdrawal form and by analysing study method characteristics, participant characteristics, intervention characteristics, results and methodological domains. The database search will be performed by February 2021. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used for assessing the quality of evidence of each study selected; however, some critical and important outcomes were determined such as the shoulder function through functional scores (Constant-Murley and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons), complications represented by pain (Visual Analogue Scale), surgical revision, radiograph radiolucency and loosening. The confidence in estimated effects for these outcomes will be applied as the overall confidence. The outcomes will be defined as early or late, according to the postoperative follow-up of less than or greater than 1 year, respectively, for complications and radiographs. For the shoulder function, follow-ups will be divided into 6, 12 and 24 months. Heterogeneity is expected in systematic reviews; therefore, the selection of outcomes, as well as the sample size, and specific statistical analysis can lead to meta-analysis; however, if it fails, narrative evidence synthesis will be conducted. Other analyses such as descriptive, subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be performed whenever possible. This systematic review will, therefore, provide evidence concerning the best clinical practice for avoiding complications.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of Universidade Federal de São Paulo (protocols 0725/2017, 2.157.415 and 70473017.5.0000.5505), and the findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018079537.
Adult phenotype in Koolen-de Vries/KANSL1 haploinsufficiency syndrome
Authors: Amenta Simona , Frangella Silvia , Marangi Giuseppe , Lattante Serena , Ricciardi Stefania , Doronzio Paolo Niccolò , Orteschi Daniela , Veredice Chiara , Contaldo Ilaria , Zampino Giuseppe , Gentile Mattia , Scarano Emanuela , Graziano Claudio , Zollino Marcella 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundKoolen-de Vries syndrome (KdVS) is a multisystem neurodevelopmental disorder caused by 17q21.31 deletions or mutations in KANSL1. It was mainly described in children.MethodsA retrospective study on 9 subjects aged 19–45 years and revision of 18 literature patients, with the purpose to get insights into the phenotypic evolution with time, and into the clinical manifestations in adulthood.ResultsSeven patients had a 17q21.31 deletion and two a point mutation in KANSL1. All had intellectual disability, which was mild in five (56%) and moderate in four (44%). Epilepsy was diagnosed in four subjects (44%), with onset from 1 to 7 years and full remission before 9 years in 3/4 patients. Scoliosis affected seven individuals (77.7%) and it was substantially stable with age in 5/7 patients, allowing for simple daily activities. Two subjects had severely progressive scoliosis, which was surgically corrected. Overweight or true obesity did occur after puberty in six patients (67%). Behaviour abnormalities were recorded in six patients (67%). The facial phenotype slightly evolved with time to include thick eyebrows, elongated nose and pronounced pointed chin. Despite behaviour abnormalities, happy disposition and sociable attitudes were common. Half of patients had fluent language and were good at writing and reading. Rich language, although limited to single words or short sentences, and very limited or absent skills in writing and reading were observed in the remaining patients. Autonomy in daily activities and personal care was usually limited.ConclusionsDistinctive features in adult KdVS subjects include intellectual disability, overweight/obesity, behaviour abnormalities with preserved social interest, ability in language, slight worsening of the facial phenotype and no seizures.
Einstein–æther models III: conformally static metrics, perfect fluid and scalar fields
Authors: Leon Genly , Millano Alfredo D. , Latta Joey 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe asymptotic properties of conformally static metrics in Einstein–æther theory with a perfect fluid source and a scalar field are analyzed. In case of perfect fluid, some relativistic solutions are recovered such as: Minkowski spacetime, the Kasner solution, a flat FLRW space and static orbits depending on the barotropic parameter $$\gamma $$
γ
. To analyze locally the behavior of the solutions near a sonic line $$v^2=\gamma -1$$

v
2

=
γ
-
1

, where v is the tilt, a new “shock” variable is used. Two new equilibrium points on this line are found. These points do not exist in General Relativity when $$1<\gamma <2 $$

1
<
γ
<
2

. In the limiting case of General Relativity these points represent stiff solutions with extreme tilt. Lines of equilibrium points associated with a change of causality of the homothetic vector field are found in the limit of general relativity. For non-homogeneous scalar field $$\phi (t,x)$$

ϕ
(
t
,
x
)

with potential $$V(\phi (t,x))$$

V
(
ϕ
(
t
,
x
)
)

the symmetry of the conformally static metric restrict the scalar fields to be considered to $$ \phi (t,x)=\psi (x)-\lambda t, V(\phi (t,x))= e^{-2 t} U(\psi (x))$$

ϕ

(
t
,
x
)

=
ψ

(
x
)

-
λ
t
,
V

(
ϕ

(
t
,
x
)

)

=

e

-
2
t

U

(
ψ

(
x
)

)

, $$U(\psi )=U_0 e^{-\frac{2 \psi }{\lambda }}$$

U

(
ψ
)

=

U
0

e

-

2
ψ

λ

. An exhaustive analysis (analytical or numerical) of the stability conditions is provided for some particular cases.
Strong interaction of doubly heavy spin-3/2 baryons with light vector mesons
Authors: Azizi K. , Olamaei A. R. , Rostami S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe calculate the strong coupling constants among the doubly heavy spin-$$ \frac{3}{2} $$

3
2

baryons $$\Xi ^*_{QQ}$$

Ξ

QQ

∗

and $$\Omega ^*_{QQ}$$

Ω

QQ

∗

, with Q and $$ Q' $$

Q
′

being c or b quark, with light vector meson by means of the light-cone QCD sum rules. The matrix elements defining these vertices are described by four coupling constants $$ g_1$$

g
1

, $$ g_2$$

g
2

, $$ g_3$$

g
3

, and $$ g_4 $$

g
4

. The unwanted pollution coming from the doubly heavy spin-$$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

baryons are removed by a special ordering of Dirac matrices and selection of appropriate Lorentz structures. The strong coupling constants are basic parameters that carry information on the nature of the strong interaction among hadronic multiplets. Investigation of these parameters may help physicists in the construction of the strong potentials among the doubly heavy baryons and light vector mesons. The values obtained for the strong coupling constants may also help experimental groups in analyses of the data produced at various hadron colliders.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЗАСОБІВ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ (МАСОК) У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: ВІД ТЕОРІЇ ДО ПРАКТИКИ
Authors: Kostereva N. V. , Rudakova N. Ye. 
Published: December 2020

Мета: проаналізувати ставлення учасників освітнього процесу в закладах медичної освіти щодо носіння масок та обізнаності їх правильного використання та утилізації згідно з рекомендаціями ВООЗ.
Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проведено у восьми вищих медичних навчальних закладах України з використанням теоретичного аналізу та узагальнення даних науково-методичної літератури, дані сучасних досліджень у сфері громадського здоров’я, аналізу анкет анонімного опитування.
Результати. Встановлено, що майже половина респондентів використовує багаторазові маски як засіб профілактики зараження на COVID-19 з економічних міркувань, тоді як 10 % респондентів взагалі не використовують маски тому, що вважають їх шкідливими, чим збільшують криву зростання інфікування в освітньому середовищі.
Висновки. Для запобігання інтенсивного розповсюдження коронавірусної хвороби (COVID-19) у закладах вищої освіти необхідно чітко дотримуватись міжнародних протоколів і рекомендацій ВООЗ, проводити просвітницьку роботу з молоддю із залученням експертів у галузі громадського здоров’я.
Оцінка ефективності застосування фібрину, збагаченого тромбоцитами, та композицій на його основі при заміщенні післяекстракційних дефектів альвеолярного відростка
Authors: Vares Ya. E. , Slipyi V. Z. 
Published: December 2020

Резюме. Пріоритетним завданням підготовки альвеолярного відростка (АВ) до дентальної імплантації після операції видалення зуба є реконструкція його біометричних параметрів та профілактика атрофії. З цією метою обґрунтованим є використання різних хірургічних технік із застосуванням кістково-пластичних матеріалів, бар’єрних мембран, армуючих пристосувань чи регенеративних технологій, зокрема збагаченого тромбоцитами фібрину (ЗТФ). Водночас, відкритими залишаються питання ефективності комбінованого застосування ЗТФ та кістково-пластичних матеріалів у рамках передімплантаційної підготовки АВ після видалення зуба. Мета дослідження – апробація та оцінка ефективності застосування передового фібрину, збагаченого тромбоцитами (A-PRF+®), та композицій на його основі при заміщенні лунки видаленого зуба як заходу передімплантаційної підготовки. Матеріали і методи. Проведено обстеження та лікування 24 хворих (13 жінок та 11 чоловіків віком (34,25±9,79) року) із загостренням хронічного періодонтиту, радикулярними кістами, травматичними вивихами та переломами коренів зубів. Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Станом на 6 місяць спостереження зменшення відстані між оклюзійною площиною та рівнем кістки АВ, а відповідно і приріст кістки, порівняно з початковими передопераційними замірами, склав 12,9 % у хворих основної групи А, 17,5 % – у хворих основної групи Б, 18,4 % – у пацієнтів основної групи В, тоді як у контролі констатували вертикальну атрофію АВ обсягом 7,2 % порівняно з вихідними параметрами. Рівень горизонтальної атрофії АВ у цей період, порівняно з вихідними замірами, склав 8,4 % у основній групі А, 6,0 % – в основній групі Б, 5,4 % – в основній групі В та 17,1 % – у контролі. Показники кісткової щільності у завершальний термін спостереження фіксувались на рівні (636,41±47,70) од. HU в основній групі А, (685,98±42,67) од. HU – в основній групі Б, (714,5±58,35) од. HU – в основній групі В, в той час, як цей показник у пацієнтів контрольної групи становив лише (440,77±68,48) од. HU. Висновки. Інтраопераційне застосування автологічного фібрину А-PRF+® та композицій на його основі в рамках передімплантаційної підготовки у ділянці післяекстракційного дефекту є ефективним заходом, який мінімізує кількісні зміни параметрів кісткової тканини АВ та пришвидшує її формування.
Runx2 (Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2) Links the DNA Damage Response to Osteogenic Reprogramming and Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Cobb Andrew M. , Yusoff Syabira , Hayward Robert , Ahmad Sadia , Sun Mengxi , Verhulst Anja , D’Haese Patrick C. , Shanahan Catherine M. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
The development of ectopic vascular calcification is strongly linked with organismal aging, which is primarily caused by the accumulation of DNA damage over time. As Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) has been identified as a regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell osteogenic transition, a key component of vascular calcification, we examined the relationship between DNA damage and Runx2 activation.

Approach and Results:
We found genotoxic stress-stimulated Runx2 accumulation and transactivation of its osteogenic target genes, leading to enhanced calcification. Inhibition of DNA damage signaling attenuated this response. Runx2 localized to sites of DNA damage and participated in DNA repair by regulating phosphorylation events on histone H2AX, with exogenous expression of Runx2 resulting in unrepaired DNA damage and increased apoptosis. Mechanistically, Runx2 was PARylated in response to genotoxic stress, and inhibition of this modification disrupted its localization at DNA lesions and reduced its binding to osteogenic gene promoters.

Conclusions:
These data identify Runx2 as a novel component of the DNA damage response, coupling DNA damage signaling to both osteogenic gene transcription and apoptosis and providing a mechanism for accelerated mineralization in aging and chronic disease.
Intracellular AIBP (Apolipoprotein A-I Binding Protein) Regulates Oxidized LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)-Induced Mitophagy in Macrophages
Authors: Choi Soo-Ho , Agatisa-Boyle Colin , Gonen Ayelet , Kim Alisa , Kim Jungsu , Alekseeva Elena , Tsimikas Sotirios , Miller Yury I. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Atherosclerotic lesions are often characterized by accumulation of OxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein), which is associated with vascular inflammation and lesion vulnerability to rupture. Extracellular AIBP (apolipoprotein A-I binding protein; encoded by
APOA1BP
gene), when secreted, promotes cholesterol efflux and regulates lipid rafts dynamics, but its role as an intracellular protein in mammalian cells remains unknown. The aim of this work was to determine the function of intracellular AIBP in macrophages exposed to OxLDL and in atherosclerotic lesions.

Approach and Results:

Using a novel monoclonal antibody against human and mouse AIBP, which are highly homologous, we demonstrated robust AIBP expression in human and mouse atherosclerotic lesions. We observed significantly reduced autophagy in bone marrow-derived macrophages, isolated from
Apoa1bp
−/−
compared with wild-type mice, which were exposed to OxLDL. In atherosclerotic lesions from
Apoa1bp
−/−
mice subjected to
Ldlr
knockdown and fed a Western diet, autophagy was reduced, whereas apoptosis was increased, when compared with that in wild-type mice. AIBP expression was necessary for efficient control of reactive oxygen species and cell death and for mitochondria quality control in macrophages exposed to OxLDL. Mitochondria-localized AIBP, via its N-terminal domain, associated with E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase PARK2 (Parkin), MFN (mitofusin)1, and MFN2, but not BNIP3 (Bcl2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein-3), and regulated ubiquitination of MFN1 and MFN2, key components of mitophagy.

Conclusions:
These data suggest that intracellular AIBP is a new regulator of autophagy in macrophages. Mitochondria-localized AIBP augments mitophagy and participates in mitochondria quality control, protecting macrophages against cell death in the context of atherosclerosis.
The Prevalence of Huayan-Chan 華嚴禪 Buddhism in the Regions of Northern China during the 11th Century
Authors: Wang (王頌) Song 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the 11th century, the dissemination of Buddhism in the territories of Northern Song 北宋 dynasty (960–1127) China, Khitan 契丹 Liao 遼 (907/916–1125), and Xixia 西夏 (Tangut 党項, 1038–1227) kingdoms each reached a peak. What united the learned peoples of these three kingdoms in terms of religious and intellectual development was the comparatively widespread study and adoption of the teachings of Huayan Buddhism, or studies of and commentaries to the translations of the Avataṃsaka-sūtra into Chinese in 60-, 80-, and 40-rolls (Huayan jing 華嚴經, esp. T nos. 278, 279, 293). In this article I address some of my earlier research concerning two treatises composed by Bensong 本嵩 (active ca. 1083–1085), the Huayan guan tongxuan ji 華嚴觀通玄記 (Record of the Profundities of Total Meditative Insight [or Contemplation] of the Gaṇḍavyūha chapter of the Avataṃsaka-sūtra Flower Garland Sūtra) and Fajie guan sanshimen song 法界觀三十門頌 (Verses Praising the Thirty Contemplative Approaches or Gates presented in the Gaṇḍavyūha Chapter on Entry into the Realm of Reality), among other examples from the period, to illustrate how these Huayan teachings were actually the product of Huayan and Chan Buddhist ideological frameworks, which fruitfully can be called Huayan-Chan. In order to demonstrate why the rubric ‘Huayan-Chan’ can be productive, I examine a range of commentarial Buddhist texts in Chinese to show who the patriarchs of Huayan-Chan were considered to be during the 11th century across the ethnically and linguistically diverse region of Northern China, and bring to the fore what some of these key teachings were. My main goal is to present the specific circumstances within which Huayan-Chan developed within the three kingdoms of Northern Song China, the Khitan Liao, and the Tangut Xixia.
Diaphragmatic weakness after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of the right inferior phrenic artery for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparison of outcomes after N-butyl cyanoacrylate versus gelatin sponge embolization
Authors: Noh Seung Yeon , Gwon Dong Il , Park Suyoung , Yang Woo Jin , Chu Hee Ho , Kim Jong Woo 
Published: December 2020

Background The inferior phrenic artery (IPA) is the most common extrahepatic feeder for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during transhepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Purpose To compare the incidence of diaphragmatic weakness in patients with HCC after TACE of the right IPA conducted using either N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) or gelatin sponge particles. Material and Methods Medical records of 111 patients who underwent TACE of the right IPA using NBCA were retrospectively reviewed and compared with data from 135 patients with IPA embolization using gelatin sponge particles. Results The incidence of diaphragmatic weakness after the initial TACE procedure did not significantly differ between the groups (NBCA group 16.2%; gelatin sponge group 20.7%; P = 0.458). Five patients in the NBCA group and 11 in the gelatin sponge group showed spontaneous resolution of diaphragmatic weakness after a mean period of 3.5 months. Diaphragmatic weakness developed after the initial follow-up visit in 17 patients from the gelatin sponge group due to repeated TACE of the right IPA (mean 2.4 sessions; range 2–4 sessions), while it spontaneously developed without additional TACE procedures in one patient from the NBCA group. Permanent diaphragmatic weakness was less common in the NBCA than in the gelatin sponge group (12.6% and 25.2%, respectively; P = 0.017). The complete response rate did not significantly differ between the groups (NBCA group 16.2%; gelatin sponge group 25.9%; P = 0.065). Conclusion Use of NBCA rather than gelatin sponge particles for TACE of the right IPA resulted in a lower incidence of permanent diaphragmatic weakness.
Shaping Physical, Economic, and Policy Components of the Food Environment to Create Sustainable Healthy Diets
Authors: Drewnowski Adam , Monterrosa Eva C. , de Pee Saskia , Frongillo Edward A. , Vandevijvere Stefanie 
Published: December 2020

Background: Sustainable healthy diets are those dietary patterns that promote all dimensions of individuals’ health and well-being; have low environmental pressure and impact; are accessible, affordable, safe, and equitable; and are culturally acceptable. The food environment, defined as the interface between the wider food system and consumer’s food acquisition and consumption, is critical for ensuring equitable access to foods that are healthy, safe, affordable, and appealing. Discussion: Current food environments are creating inequities, and sustainable healthy foods are generally more accessible for those of higher socioeconomic status. The physical, economic, and policy components of the food environment can all be acted on to promote sustainable healthy diets. Physical spaces can be modified to improve relative availability (ie, proximity) of food outlets that carry nutritious foods in low-income communities; to address economic access certain actions may improve affordability, such as fortification, preventing food loss through supply chain improvements; and commodity specific vouchers for fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Other policy actions that address accessibility to sustainable healthy foods are comprehensive marketing restrictions and easy-to-understand front-of-pack nutrition labels. While shaping food environments will require concerted action from all stakeholders, governments and private sector bear significant responsibility for ensuring equitable access to sustainable healthy diets.