bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic membrane filtration and its advantages over conventional approaches in the treatment of oily wastewater: A review
Authors: Nascimbén Santos Érika , László Zsuzsanna , Hodúr Cecilia , Arthanareeswaran Gangasalam , Veréb Gábor 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTClean water supply has become one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century; therefore, water source protection is of increasing importance. Beyond environmental protection reasons, economic concerns—derived from increasing costs of processing water and wastewater discharge—also prompt industries to use advanced wastewater treatment methods, which ensure higher purification efficiency or even the recycling of water. Therefore, highly effective treatment of oily wastewaters has become an urgent necessity because they are produced in high quantities and have harmful effects on both the environment and human population. However, high purification efficiency can be difficult to achieve, because some compounds are hard to eliminate. Conventional methods are effective for the removal of floating and dispersed oil, but for finely dispersed, emulsified and dissolved oil advanced methods must be used, such as membrane filtration which exhibits several advantages. The application of this technology is restricted by fouling—the major limiting factor—which jeopardizes the membrane performance. In order to reduce fouling, in‐depth research is being conducted to make the treatment of oil‐contaminated water technically and economically feasible. The present work aims to review the conventional oil separation methods with their limitations and to focus on membrane filtration, which ensures significantly higher purification efficiencies, including the main problem: the flux reduction caused by fouling. This paper also discusses promising solutions, such as membrane modification methods, mostly with hydrophilic and/or photocatalytic nanoparticles and nanocomposites, overviewing the efforts that are being made to develop feasible technologies to treat oil‐contaminated waters.
Effects of pumpkin powder addition on the rheological, sensory, and quality attributes of Taftoon bread
Authors: Davoudi Zahra , Shahedi Mohammad , Kadivar Mehdi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesIncorporation of dietary fibers into bread can add to nutritional composition of the finished product; however, they change the rheological properties of the dough and final product quality. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of pumpkin powder on the rheological properties of the dough and the quality of Taftoon bread.FindingsAddition of pumpkin powder significantly increased the dough development time, dough stability, and farinograph quality number and however decreased water absorption. The pumpkin powder caused an increase in the dough extensibility, resistance, and resistance coefficient. The shear stress and thus the bread staling increased with a rise in the pumpkin powder content. The yellowness of the bread containing the pumpkin powder was significantly higher than that of the control bread.ConclusionsPumpkin powder improved the nutritional value of the bread without any negative effect on the sensory attributes of the final product. The bread produced with 10% pumpkin powder had the highest score of overall acceptability compared to standard Taftoon without pumpkin powder.Significance and noveltyA large number of studies have been conducted to relate the effect of fibers to dough rheology and bread quality, but very little has been emphasized on Taftoon bread.
The predictive value of positive and suspicious urine cytology: Are they different?
Authors: Kuan Kevin C. , Segura Sheila E. , Ahlstedt Jeffrey , Khader Samer N. , Hakima Laleh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundUrine cytology evaluation is an effective test in the detection of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). While the guideline distinguishes the 2 categories: “positive for HGUC” (PHGUC) and “suspicious for HGUC” (SHGUC), the association between these categories with their subsequent follow‐up biopsies remains unclear. This study aims to determine and compare the positive predictive value (PPV) of the specimens in PHGUC and SHGUC categories with their respective histologic diagnoses.MethodsDuring the period of 03/01/2008 to 07/31/2018, urine cytology cases diagnosed as PHGUC and SHGUC with subsequent bladder biopsy within 12 months were retrieved. All cases were correlated with first biopsy obtained during 12 months of cytology specimen. Biopsy result with HGUC, carcinoma in situ, or non‐urothelial carcinoma diagnoses were considered as concordance.Results378 cases (229 SHGUC and 149 PHGUC) were identified from 263 patients. For the 229 SHGUC cases, the PPV was 72% (n = 166) and for the 149 PHGUC cases, the PPV was 85% (n = 127). While both categories have high PPV, they are statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Additionally, 33 cases were found to have low‐grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC), constituting a portion of discordant results.ConclusionPHGUC and SHGUC categories are both associated with a high risk of malignancy, however, there is a statistically significant difference between them in our study, supporting the PSRUC guidelines of two separate categories. In instances when urine cytology is discordant with biopsy results, further investigation and clinical follow up is warranted. LGUC appears to remain a common pitfall especially in the suspicious category.
Enabling Extraordinary Rate Performance for Poorly Conductive Oxide Pseudocapacitors
Authors: Abdollahifar Mozaffar , Liu Hao‐Wen , Lin Chia‐Hsin , Weng Yu‐Ting , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Lee Jyh‐Fu , Lu Meng‐Lin , Liao Yen‐Fa , Wu Nae‐Lih 
Published: June 2020

Pseudocapacitive transition metal oxides (PTMOs) have the advantages of high areal capacitance and material density suitable for high‐energy supercapacitor devices, but they are typically marred by insufficient rate performance, which in turn deteriorates cyclic stability at high current levels. Using the example of spinel manganese oxide, herein we demonstrate that a pseudocapacitive oxide electrode of remarkable rate performance and cyclic stability may be realized by adopting oxide nanocrystallites, which are derived based on a novel solution chemistry, and carbon additive (CA) nanoparticles with highly uniform of size distributions. Precisely controlling the particle morphology and size distribution of the active material and conductive additive (CA) in the nanometer range can maximize the density of active material‐CA‐electrolyte three‐phase contact points, thus facilitating synchronized electron and cation flow for the completion of surface faradaic reactions. The resultant Mn3O4 pseudocapacitive electrode exhibits rate capability and cycle stability, including 60% capacity retention at 60 A g−1 and no capacity fade over 100 000 cycles under dynamic current densities, far superior to the state‐of‐the‐art PTMO electrodes. The electrode design strategy is in general applicable to pseudocapacitors containing poorly conductive active materials.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Supported on Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotube Modified Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing of a Fluoroquinolone Drug
Authors: Siddegowda K. S. , Mahesh B. , Chamaraja N. A. , Roopashree B. , Kumara Swamy N. , Nanjundaswamy G. S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA facile, and novel construction strategy invented on electrochemical procedures for the assemblage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with a multiwalled carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode (ZnO‐MWCNTMCPE) to ascertain the fluoroquinolone drug‐Moxifloxacin (MOX). The ZnO‐MWCNTMCPE can significantly improve the electron transfer process and lessen the impedance of the surface of the electrode. Besides, the oxidation of MOX has remarkably enhanced on the modified electrode. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the empirical results exhibited that the oxidation peak current was linearly proportional to the concentration of MOX in the range of 1.0×10−7 to 2.4×10−6 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 0.452×10−7 mol L−1. To analyze the practicality of the MOX determination technique in real samples, the intended sensor manipulated for the adjudication of MOX in human urine specimens, and the results authenticated the explore of MOX with the highest accuracy. Further, the proposed sensor system exercised for the simultaneous evaluation of paracetamol (ACOP) and MOX, the DPV technique unveiled the well‐separated peaks among ACOP (0.188 mV) and MOX (0.814 mV) with a peak separation (ΔE) of 626 mV in real samples. Therefore, the suggested system could sense and discover the MOX in the biological systems.
Undifferentiated round cell sarcomas with novel SS18‐POU5F1 fusions
Authors: Antonescu Cristina R. , Agaram Narasimhan P. , Sung Yun‐Shao , Zhang Lei , Dickson Brendan C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite significant recent advances in characterizing the molecular pathogenesis of undifferentiated round cell neoplasms, rare cases remain unclassified. Here, we report two distinctive undifferentiated round cell tumors occurring in young adults. One tumor presented intrabdominally and the other arose within the abdominal wall. One patient died of disease following local and distance recurrence, despite aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Morphologically, both tumors were similarly composed of primitive round to epithelioid cells arranged in nests, sheets, and trabecular patterns. The cytoplasm was scant and amphophilic, while the nuclei were round and uniform with brisk mitotic activity. Focal necrosis was present. Immunohistochemically, both tumors were variably positive for S100 and EMA, and one case focally expressed cytokeratin and TLE1. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed in both an identical SS18‐POU5F1 fusion gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed which confirmed SS18 and POU5F1 gene rearrangements. Expression data, relative to over 200 other mesenchymal neoplasms that had undergone targeted RNA sequencing on the same platform, suggested the SS18‐POU5F1 tumors cluster with EWSR1/FUS‐POU5F1‐positive myoepithelial tumors. In view of our limited sample size, additional studies are needed to characterize the breadth of clinical and pathologic findings in these neoplasms. In addition, further investigation is necessary to determine whether this entity represents a clinically aggressive and phenotypically undifferentiated variant of myoepithelial tumors, or perhaps an altogether novel category of undifferentiated round cell sarcoma.
Disturbed brain ether lipid metabolism and histology in Sjögren‐Larsson syndrome
Authors: Staps Pippa , Rizzo William B. , Vaz Frédéric M. , Bugiani Marianna , Giera Martin , Heijs Bram , van Kampen Antoine H. C. , Pras‐Raves Mia L. , Breur Marjolein , Groen Annemieke , Ferdinandusse Sacha , van der Graaf Marinette , Van Goethem Gert , Lammens Martin , Wevers Ron A. , Willemsen Michèl A. A. P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSjögren‐Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare neurometabolic syndrome caused by deficient fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Patients exhibit intellectual disability, spastic paraplegia, and ichthyosis. The accumulation of fatty alcohols and fatty aldehydes has been demonstrated in plasma and skin but never in brain. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy studies, however, have shown an abundant lipid peak in the white matter of patients with SLS, suggesting lipid accumulation in the brain as well. Using histopathology, mass spectrometry imaging, and lipidomics, we studied the morphology and the lipidome of a postmortem brain of a 65‐year‐old female patient with genetically confirmed SLS and compared the results with a matched control brain. Histopathological analyses revealed structural white matter abnormalities with the presence of small lipid droplets, deficient myelin, and astrogliosis. Biochemically, severely disturbed lipid profiles were found in both white and gray matter of the SLS brain, with accumulation of fatty alcohols and ether lipids. Particularly, long‐chain unsaturated ether lipid species accumulated, most prominently in white matter. Also, there was a striking accumulation of odd‐chain fatty alcohols and odd‐chain ether(phospho)lipids. Our results suggest that the central nervous system involvement in SLS is caused by the accumulation of fatty alcohols leading to a disbalance between ether lipid and glycero(phospho)lipid metabolism resulting in a profoundly disrupted brain lipidome. Our data show that SLS is not a pure leukoencephalopathy, but also a gray matter disease. Additionally, the histopathological abnormalities suggest that astrocytes and microglia might play a pivotal role in the underlying disease mechanism, possibly contributing to the impairment of myelin maintenance.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected alveolar epithelial cells modulate dendritic cell function through the HIF-1α-NOS2 axis
Authors: Rodrigues Tamara Silva , Alvarez Annie Rocio Piñeros , Gembre Ana Flávia , Forni Maria Fernanda Pereira de Araújo Demonte , de Melo Bruno Marcel Silva , Alves Filho José Carlos Farias , Câmara Niels Olsen Saraiva , Bonato Vânia Luiza Deperon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Tuberculosis kills more than 1 million people every year, and its control depends on the effective mechanisms of innate immunity, with or without induction of adaptive immune response. We investigated the interaction of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC-II) infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with dendritic cells (DCs). We hypothesized that the microenvironment generated by this interaction is critical for the early innate response against mycobacteria. We found that AEC-II infected by M. tuberculosis induced DC maturation, which was negatively regulated by HIF-1α-inducible NOS2 axis, and switched DC metabolism from an early and short peak of glycolysis to a low energetic status. However, the infection of DCs by M. tuberculosis up-regulated NOS2 expression and inhibited AEC-II-induced DC maturation. Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that HIF-1α-NOS2 axis plays a negative role in the maturation of DCs during M. tuberculosis infection. Such modulation might be useful for the exploitation of molecular targets to develop new therapeutic strategies against tuberculosis.
Functional brain connectivity changes across the human life span: From fetal development to old age
Authors: Edde Manon , Leroux Gaëlle , Altena Ellemarije , Chanraud Sandra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dynamic of the temporal correlations between brain areas, called functional connectivity (FC), undergoes complex transformations through the life span. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of these changes in the nonpathological brain from fetal life to advanced age. After a brief description of the main methods, we propose that FC development can be divided into four main phases: first, before birth, a strong change in FC leads to the emergence of functional proto‐networks, involving mainly within network short‐range connections. Then, during the first years of life, there is a strong widespread organization of networks which starts with segregation processes followed by a continuous increase in integration. Thereafter, from adolescence to early adulthood, a refinement of existing networks in the brain occurs, characterized by an increase in integrative processes until about 40 years. Middle age constitutes a pivotal period associated with an inversion of the functional brain trajectories with a decrease in segregation process in conjunction to a large‐scale reorganization of between network connections. Studies suggest that these processes are in line with the development of cognitive and sensory functions throughout life as well as their deterioration. During aging, results support the notion of dedifferentiation processes, which refer to the decrease in functional selectivity of the brain regions, resulting in more diffuse and less specialized FC, associated with the disruption of cognitive functions with age. The inversion of developmental processes during aging is in accordance with the developmental models of neuroanatomy for which the latest matured regions are the first to deteriorate.
Distinct tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly regimes enhanced under recent global warming
Authors: Li Jing , Mu Lin , Zhong Linhao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEl Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are usually monitored by tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) patterns with dramatic impacts on the global climate. To explore the diversity of the tropical Pacific SSTA, a novel method combined empirical orthogonal function analysis and the K‐means clustering algorithm is carried out to classify SSTA patterns during 1950–2016. Meanwhile, the total distance variance and total silhouette value are introduced to determine an optimal number of distinguishable representative SSTA patterns. Ten SSTA patterns are obtained, which shows frequent basin‐wide warming and extreme cold ENSO events in recent decades. It may be attributed to the changes in composition of the intrinsic modes along with the background mode of slowly increasing east–west SST gradient. The comparative analysis between periods 1950–1969 and 1997–2016 suggests that the two regimes of tropical Pacific SSTA, featured as extreme warm and moderate warm/extreme cold patterns respectively, become more distinct under recent global warming.
miR‐744‐5p inhibits cellular proliferation and invasion via targeting ARF1 in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhao Lai‐Gang , Wang Jiao , Li Jin , Li Qin‐Fen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractmiR‐744‐5p has been demonstrated to play an important role in cancer progression. However, the functions of miR‐744‐5p in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are not well clarified. In this study, our aim was to investigate the role of miR‐744‐5p and its underlying molecular mechanism in cell progression of EOC. EOC clinical tissues and matched adjacent ovarian epithelial tissues were collected from 18 patients. Tissues and cell lines were analyzed by qPCR or Western blot to investigate the expression of miR‐744‐5p and ARF1 in EOC. Cell proliferative capacity was assessed by CCK8 and colony formation assays. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion. The potential binding relation between miR‐744‐5p and IRF1 was demonstrated by dual luciferase report assay. The results showed that expression of miR‐744‐5p was low in EOC clinical tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR‐744‐5p inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of EOC cells. Further mechanistic study identified that ARF1 is a target of miR‐744‐5p, which is negatively correlated with the expression of miR‐744‐5p, and overexpression of ARF1 could reverse the inhibition of miR‐744‐5p on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EOC cells. Taken together, our results indicated that miR‐744‐5p attenuated EOC progression via targeting IRF1, providing potential guidance for the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer.
Association of Dietary Phytosterols with Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Humans
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Myrie Semone B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Elevated concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) are major lipid biomarkers that contribute to the risk of CVD. Phytosterols well known for their cholesterol‐lowering ability, are non‐nutritive compounds that are naturally found in plant‐based foods and can be classified into plant sterols and plant stanols. Numerous clinical trials demonstrated that 2 g phytosterols per day have LDL‐C lowering efficacy ranges of 8–10%. Some observational studies also showed an inverse association between phytosterols and LDL‐C reduction. Beyond the cholesterol‐lowering beneficial effects of phytosterols, the association of phytosterols with CVD risk events such as coronary artery disease and premature atherosclerosis in sitosterolemia patients have also been reported. Furthermore, there is an increasing demand to determine the association of circulating phytosterols with vascular health biomarkers such as arterial stiffness biomarkers. Therefore, this review aims to examine the ability of phytosterols for CVD risk prevention by reviewing the current data that looks at the association between dietary phytosterols intake and serum lipid biomarkers, and the impact of circulating phytosterols level on vascular health biomarkers. The clinical studies in which the impact of phytosterols on vascular function is investigated show minor but beneficial phytosterols effects over vascular health. The aforementioned vascular health biomarkers are pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and arterial blood pressure. The current review will serve to begin to address the research gap that exists between the association of dietary phytosterols with CVD risk biomarkers.
Creating Complex Polyacrylamide Hydrogel Structures Using 3D Printing with Applications to Mechanobiology
Authors: Wang Yu‐li , Li David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to its favorable physical and chemical properties, including chemical inertness, low fouling by biological molecules, high porosity and permeability, optical transparency, and adjustable elasticity, polyacrylamide has found a wide range of biomedical and non‐biomedical applications. To further increase its versatility, this communication describes a simple method, using readily available reagents and equipment, for 3D printing polyacrylamide hydrogels at a resolution of 100–150 μm to create complex structures. As a demonstration of the application, the method is used for creating a lab‐on‐a‐chip cell culture surface with micropatterned stiffness, which then leads to the discovery of stiffness‐guided collective cell segregation distinct from durotaxis. The present technology is expected to unleash new applications such as the construction of biocompatible elastic medical devices and artificial organs.
Antibacterial Thin Film Composite Polyamide Membranes Prepared by Sequential Interfacial Polymerization
Authors: Zhai Xiaofei , Ye Jianlong , He Yaoting , Ahmatjan Zulpiyam , Zhang Yufeng , Lin Song , Wang Chunhao , Hu Xiaoyu , Meng Jianqiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, thin film composite polyamide (PA) membranes are modified by polyethyleneimine (PEI) and 2,6‐diaminopyridine (DAP) through sequential interfacial polymerization to fabricate contact active antibacterial membranes. The modified membranes show improved hydrophilicity and enhancement of zeta potential. Upon tethering with PEI and DAP onto the PA membranes, the membrane flux increases from 35.7 to 46.7 and 50.0 L m−2 h−1, respectively. Further the salt rejection rate improves from 96.6% to 98.0% and 98.8%, respectively. The PA‐PEI membranes have a better antibacterial performance than PA‐DAP, with a bacteria killing ratio for both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) over 96.7%, while a commercial LC LE‐4040 membrane presents bacteria killing ratio of 13.3% for E. coli and 8.4% for S. aureus, respectively.