bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOTCH and DNA repair pathways are more frequently targeted by genomic alterations in inflammatory than in non‐inflammatory breast cancers
Authors: Bertucci François , Rypens Charlotte , Finetti Pascal , Guille Arnaud , Adélaïde José , Monneur Audrey , Carbuccia Nadine , Garnier Séverine , Dirix Piet , Gonçalves Anthony , Vermeulen Peter , Debeb Bisrat G. , Wang Xiaoping , Dirix Luc , Ueno Naoto T. , Viens Patrice , Cristofanilli Massimo , Chaffanet Max , Birnbaum Daniel , Van Laere Steven 
Published: December 2019

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most pro‐metastatic form of breast cancer. Better understanding of its pathophysiology and identification of actionable genetic alterations (AGAs) are crucial to improve systemic treatment. We aimed to define the DNA profiles of IBC vs noninflammatory breast cancer (non‐IBC) clinical samples in terms of copy number alterations (CNAs), mutations, and AGAs. We applied targeted next‐generation sequencing (tNGS) and array‐comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) to 57 IBC and 50 non‐IBC samples and pooled these data with four public datasets profiled using NGS and aCGH, leading to a total of 101 IBC and 2351 non‐IBC untreated primary tumors. The respective percentages of each molecular subtype [hormone receptor‐positive (HR+)/HER2−, HER2+, and triple‐negative] were 68%, 15%, and 17% in non‐IBC vs 25%, 35%, and 40% in IBC. The comparisons were adjusted for both the molecular subtypes and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage. The 10 most frequently altered genes in IBCs were TP53 (63%), HER2/ERBB2 (30%), MYC (27%), PIK3CA (21%), BRCA2 (14%), CCND1 (13%), GATA3 (13%), NOTCH1 (12%), FGFR1 (11%), and ARID1A (10%). The tumor mutational burden was higher in IBC than in non‐IBC. We identified 96 genes with an alteration frequency (p < 5% and q < 20%) different between IBC and non‐IBC, independently from the molecular subtypes and AJCC stage; 95 were more frequently altered in IBC, including TP53, genes involved in the DNA repair (BRCA2) and NOTCH pathways, and one (PIK3CA) was more frequently altered in non‐IBC. Ninety‐seven percent of IBCs displayed at least one AGA. This percentage was higher than in non‐IBC (87%), notably for drugs targeting DNA repair, NOTCH signaling, and CDK4/6, whose pathways were more frequently altered (DNA repair) or activated (NOTCH and CDK4/6) in IBC than in non‐IBC. The genomic landscape of IBC is different from that of non‐IBC. Enriched AGAs in IBC may explain its aggressiveness and provide clinically relevant targets.
Translating Content and Form from Vietnamese into World Literature: The Case of
Kiều
Authors: Taylor K.W. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

An early nineteenth‐century novel in verse, commonly translated into English as
The Tale of Kiều
, has been acclaimed as the masterpiece of Vietnamese literature. This chapter considers the content and form of the work, its afterlife in English translation, and its place in world literature. Although closely based on a seventeenth‐century Chinese novel, this work owes its celebrity among Vietnamese to its mastery of a distinctive Vietnamese poetic form, “six‐eight verse,” and among non‐Vietnamese to its imagined expression of an essential Vietnamese identity. Multiple translations of this work have brought it into the purview of world literature.
Bridge Essay: The Moral Limits of Archive: Modern Narrative in World Literature
Authors: Majumdar Saikat 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Modern prose fiction embodies an intriguing paradox – a deepening of the aesthetic and philosophical principles of the European Enlightenment as well as the crisis and fragmentation of these very principles. This paradox, in turn, has variously manifested itself in literary traditions around the world that have emerged out of a rich tension between indigenous and Western models of modernity. And while philosophical, economic, and political modernity remained yet to be superseded even in the early decades of the twentieth century, a disruptive transgression of the aesthetics of literary modernism already became striking by midcentury, scarcely limitable to the catchy name of postmodernism. But perhaps it is in the stark disruption of the moral and political imperatives of the European Enlightenment that the most alien and eclectic models of non‐Western narratives are to be found. Such disruptions render the formation of an archive of “world literature” richly and rewardingly impossible.
Samuel Beckett and World Literature: Toward the Universal
Authors: Tajiri Yoshiki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

This chapter discusses Samuel Beckett in relation to World Literature and pays special attention to four major aspects. First, Beckett's work was nurtured in the cosmopolitan tendency of modernism, particularly in the progressive milieu of Paris. The second aspect explored is how his most famous work,
Waiting for Godot
, is denationalized and open to interpretations in different cultural contexts. This leads to the third point, which is that Beckett's plays resonate even with the Japanese Noh plays which could not have influenced him directly. Finally, the chapter closes with a discussion of how Beckett's novels also impacted many novelists in the world.
Living Like a Dervish: Sadegh Hedayat
Authors: Yiming Shen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Sadegh Hedayat (1903–1951) was an internationally recognized Iranian writer, translator, and intellectual. He was considered one of the earliest and the most influential Iranian writers in the development of modern Persian literature. He was best known for his psychological novel
The Blind Owl
and the satire
Hajji Aqa
(
Ḥajjī Āqā
). By considering Hedayat as a modern Persian dervish, we read Hedayat's works in the context of Persian Sufi literature and learn that Hedayat's endeavor to recover Iranian traditional culture and his adoption of traditional Persian literary skills have successfully made him an outstanding Iranian writer among his contemporaries in World Literature.
Maxim Gorky: Living and Writing Protest
Authors: Peterson Dale E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Officially proclaimed “the father of Soviet literature,” Maxim Gorky's celebrity has obscured the complexity of the man and his writing. A self‐taught writer, he fashioned an image of himself as a romantic rebel in stories about vagabonds and scofflaws. The future revolutionary was initially infatuated with Nietzsche; his fiction featured men of vital force. Impatient with a peasant culture embedded in passivity and sporadic violence, Gorky was drawn toward the discipline and zeal of the Bolsheviks. Gorky's art, particularly his drama under Chekhov's tutelage, took shape as a protest against the suffocating conventionality of tsarist Russia. In his best work, Gorky “colonized” Russian drama and fiction with the authentic language and perspective of the underclass. His imprint is evident in works by O'Neill and Richard Wright. Gorky's fear of anarchy led him to become a militant custodian of world culture. An opponent of repression, he saved many lives and careers from persecution. But when the Soviet state was under threat, Gorky excused some of the worst excesses of Stalinist tyranny.
Victor Hugo's Romantic Registers
Authors: Grossman Kathryn M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The most celebrated poet, dramatist, and novelist of nineteenth‐century France, Victor Hugo was the leader of the French Romantic movement. Inspired by both the historical novels of Sir Walter Scott and the mingling of comedy and tragedy in William Shakespeare's plays, Hugo created blockbuster works like
Notre‐Dame de Paris
(
The Hunchback of Notre‐Dame
; 1831) and
Les Misérables
(1862) that mingle lyricism, epic, melodrama, and satire, the sublime and the grotesque. His embrace of republicanism over autocratic regimes like medieval monarchy or Napoléon III's Second Empire also offers a vigorous defense of Romantic over neoclassical art. Immensely popular at home, Hugo sparked the genius of Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, and Leo Tolstoy in his own lifetime and continues to enjoy worldwide acclaim through the many film and stage adaptations of his novels.
Kumarajiva: “Great Man” and Cultural Event
Authors: Felbur Rafal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractKumarajiva (Kumārajīva, fl. early fifth centuryce) was one of the most important translators of Indic Buddhist literature into Chinese. This chapter explores the historical context of his activity, presents an overview of the translations attributed to him, and considers the reasons for their remarkable vitality in the Sinitic cultural sphere.
Mahabharata: Brahmins, Kings, and the South Asian Social World
Authors: Obrock Luther 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The
Mahabharata
(
Mahābhārata
) is a Sanskrit epic poem telling of the battle between two sets of cousins, the five Pandavas (Pāṇḍavas) and their rivals, the 100 Kauravas. Through a process of expansion and redaction, the
Mahabharata
became a foundational text of Hindu society, discussing the just society, the roles of priests and warriors, duty, violence, and kingship. The
Mahabharata
presents a literary vision which both critically responded to and creatively engaged with both South Asia's Vedic past and its religiously and politically altered present. Yet the story and themes of the
Mahabharata
continue to be productive long after the Sanskrit text's first promulgation. The epic has produced numerous tellings, each adapting and speaking to new contexts and audiences.
The
Shijing
: The Beginnings of Chinese (and East Asian) Poetry
Authors: Beecroft Alexander 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The poems of the
Shijing
are the earliest poems recorded in Chinese, and one of the foundations of the classical Chinese literary tradition. The
Shijing
is an anthology of 300 ancient Chinese poems, whose selection is traditionally attributed to Confucius. More recent scholarship suggests the poems were created from c. 900 to c. 500
bce
, and compiled in their present form beginning around the late fourth century
bce
. The four sections of the anthology (
Airs of the States, Lesser Odes, Greater Odes
, and
Temple Hymns
) contain a wide variety of poems on themes ranging from love and daily life among the people to the mythology and history of the Zhou dynasty. The traditional interpretation of the collection was strongly moralizing, but modern scholars have argued that many of the poems may have had a popular, oral, and non‐political origin.
Metal Clusters on Semiconductor Surfaces and Application in Catalysis with a Focus on Au and Ru
Authors: Howard‐Fabretto Liam , Andersson Gunther G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMetal clusters typically consist of two to a few hundred atoms and have unique properties that change with the type and number of atoms that form the cluster. Metal clusters can be generated with a precise number of atoms, and therefore have specific size, shape, and electronic structures. When metal clusters are deposited onto a substrate, their shape and electronic structure depend on the interaction with the substrate surface and thus depend on the properties of both the clusters and those of the substrate. Deposited metal clusters have discrete, individual electron energy levels that differ from the electron energy levels in the constituting individual atoms, isolated clusters, and the respective bulk material. The properties of clusters with a focus on Au and Ru, the methods to generate metal clusters, and the methods of deposition of clusters onto substrate surfaces are covered. The properties of cluster‐modified surfaces are important for their application. The main application covered here is catalysis, and the methods for characterization of the cluster‐modified surfaces are described.
Renal Clearable Theranostic Nanoplatforms for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Kang Homan , Stiles Wesley R. , Baek Yoonji , Nomura Shinsuke , Bao Kai , Hu Shuang , Park G. Kate , Jo Min Joo , I Hoseok , Coll Jean‐Luc , Rubin Brian P. , Choi Hak Soo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdvances in molecular imaging modalities have accelerated the diagnosis and treatment of human diseases. However, tumors less than 1 cm in size still remain difficult to localize by conventional means because of the difficulty in specific targeting/delivery to the tumor site. Furthermore, high nonspecific uptake in the major organs and persistent background retention results in low tumor‐to‐background ratio. The targeting and therapy of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) using nonsticky and renal clearable theranostic nanoparticles (a.k.a. H‐Dots) are demonstrated. H‐Dots not only target GIST for image‐guided surgery, but also tailor the fate of anticancer drugs such as imatinib (IM) to the tumor site resulting in efficient treatment of unresectable GIST. In addition, H‐Dots can monitor targetability, pharmacokinetics, and drug delivery, while also showing therapeutic efficacy in GIST‐bearing xenograft mice following surgical resection. More importantly, IM loaded H‐Dots exhibit lower uptake into the immune system, improved tumor selectivity, and increased tumor suppression compared to free IM, which accumulates in the spleen/liver. Precisely designed H‐Dots can be used as a promising theranostic nanoplatform that can potentially reduce the side effects of conventional chemotherapies.
Switching between Elasticity and Plasticity by Network Strength Competition
Authors: Ming Zunzhen , Pang Yan , Liu Jinyao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSwitching a material between highly elastic and plastic would be of great use in many fields but has proven to be extremely challenging. Here, the use of mechanical strength competition between two networks in a hybrid material is reported to switch between elasticity and plasticity. In a gel material composed of an elastic polymer network and a shear‐thinning nanofiber network, the excellent elasticity of the gel is demonstrated when the former is stronger than the latter. In contrast, the gel exhibits an extraordinary plasticity, which can be stretched to form a permanent anisotropic and tough gel due to the orientation of the nanofibers. The mechanical strength of each network can be simply tuned by adjusting either the crosslinking density or the loading of the nanofibers. This work may open a window to transform a material between superior elastic and plastic, which is useful for the development of adaptable materials.
Active Anisotropic Coding Metasurface with Independent Real‐Time Reconfigurability for Dual Polarized Waves
Authors: Chen Ke , Zhang Na , Ding Guowen , Zhao Junming , Jiang Tian , Feng Yijun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractActive metasurfaces incorporated with active elements can achieve tunable and/or reconfigurable functionalities controlled by external stimuli, providing a new platform that may radically change the way people dynamically manipulate electromagnetic waves. Despite the rapid growth, most of the active metasurfaces so far are polarization‐sensitive structures that only support tunable responses for excitation with a certain single polarization. Here, an ultrathin active anisotropic metasurface loaded with voltage‐controlled varactors is reported to enable independent dual‐polarization wavefront control. In particular, multichannel voltage output hardware system is used to realize 1‐bit and 2‐bit active coding metasurface with real‐time reconfigurability independent for two linear‐polarization channels. As the design examples, it is experimentally demonstrated that the far‐field scattering behaviors of the metasurface for orthogonal two polarizations can be dynamically and independently tuned with totally distinct functionalities by simultaneously encoding dual‐channel spatial coding sequences. The proposed concept of active anisotropy has largely enhanced the information capacity of the metasurface, bringing new degrees of freedom in achieving versatile tunable functionalities and offering untapped potentials for sophisticated electromagnetic wave manipulation such as dynamical signal processing, holography, arbitrary beam shaping, etc.
Bridging R2R Printed Wireless 1 Bit‐Code Generator with an Electrophoretic QR Code Acting as WORM for NFC Carrier Enabled Authentication Label
Authors: Sun Junfeng , Shrestha Kiran , Park Hyejin , Yadav Pravesh , Parajuli Sajjan , Lee Seunggun , Shrestha Sagar , Koirala Gyan Raj , Kim Yushin , Marotrao Kale Amol , Maskey Bijendra Bishow , Olaoluwa Ojo Charles , Park Jinhwa , Jang Hyewon , Lim Namsoo , Jung Younsu , Cho Gyoujin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrinted electronics are challenged for showing the working concept of the roll‐to‐roll (R2R) printed 13.56 MHz passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag for the application in wireless identification (ID) and authentication to prevent counterfeits with the cost of a penny. However, the concept of the penny RFID tag is not successful yet because of the major limit in integrating a number logic gates by a high throughput R2R printing method. Herein, a new way of printed electronics is developed by integrating an electrophoretic quick response (QR) code as write once read many type of memory circuitry to integrate with a R2R printed wireless 1‐bit code generator. Through the electrophoretic QR code integration with the wireless 1‐bit code generator, only six logic gates (12 thin film transistors) are enough to wirelessly provide 2953 bytes of authentic information by utilizing two functions of smartphone, near field communication, and camera.
Hollow MXene Sphere/Reduced Graphene Aerogel Composites for Piezoresistive Sensor with Ultra‐High Sensitivity
Authors: Zhu Meng , Yue Yang , Cheng Yongfa , Zhang Yanan , Su Jun , Long Fei , Jiang Xueliang , Ma Yanan , Gao Yihua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPressure sensing is key to smart wearable electronics and human–machine interaction interfaces. To achieve a high‐performance pressure sensor that has broad linear range and is capable of detecting subtle changes of pressure, the good choice of sensing materials and rational design of structures are both needed. A novel piezoresistive sensor based on hollow MXene spheres/reduced graphene composite aerogel and flexible interdigital electrodes is presented. Benefiting from the unique microstructure of the composite aerogel, the prepared pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (609 kPa−1 in the range of 6.4–10 kPa), broad linear range (0–10 kPa), low detection limit (6 Pa), short response time (232 ms), and good durability (6000 cycles). Moreover, the device is able to monitor various human activities in real time, as well as distinguish tiny differences of grain. The potential application of mapping the location and intensity of the pressures is also explored.
Air‐Stable and Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes Enabled by a Hybrid Interphase of C60 and Mg
Authors: Xu Qingshuai , Lin Jiajin , Ye Changchun , Jin Xiaojing , Ye Daiqi , Lu Yingying , Zhou Guangmin , Qiu Yongcai , Li Weishan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLi metal is an ideal anode material for rechargeable high energy density batteries, but its sensitivity to humid air and uncontrolled dendrite growth limit its practical applications. A novel hybrid interphase is fabricated to address these issues. This interphase consists of dense fullerene (C60) and magnesium metal bilayers, which are deposited successively on lithium foil by vacuum evaporation deposition and contribute to moisture resistance and lithium dendrite suppression. Thanks to this dual‐functional feature, the assembled cells with the modified anodes and commercial LiFePO4 cathodes exhibit long cycle life (>200 cycles) with high capacity retention (>98.5%). Moreover, even the modified anodes that are exposed to humid air (30% relative humidity) for over 12 h; the cells still deliver excellent performance, comparable to those without exposure. Such a unique hybrid interphase provides a new promising method for fabricating air‐stable and dendrite‐free lithium metal batteries.
Mapping Enzyme Activity on Tissue by Functional Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Authors: Hamilton Brett R. , Marshall David L. , Casewell Nicholas R. , Harrison Robert A. , Blanksby Stephen J. , Undheim Eivind A. B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnzymes are central components of most physiological processes, and are consequently implicated in various pathologies. High‐resolution maps of enzyme activity within tissues therefore represent powerful tools for elucidating enzymatic functions in health and disease. Here, we present a novel mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method for assaying the spatial distribution of enzymatic activity directly from tissue. MSI analysis of tissue sections exposed to phospholipid substrates produced high‐resolution maps of phospholipase activity and specificity, which could subsequently be compared to histological images of the same section. Functional MSI thus represents a new and generalisable method for imaging biological activity in situ.
The Importance of 1,5‐Oxygen⋅⋅⋅Chalcogen Interactions in Enantioselective Isochalcogenourea Catalysis
Authors: Young Claire M. , Elmi Alex , Pascoe Dominic J. , Morris Rylie K. , McLaughlin Calum , Woods Andrew M. , Frost Aileen B. , de la Houpliere Alix , Ling Kenneth B. , Smith Terry K. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Willoughby Patrick H. , Cockroft Scott L. , Smith Andrew D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe importance of 1,5‐O⋅⋅⋅chalcogen (Ch) interactions in isochalcogenourea catalysis (Ch=O, S, Se) is investigated. Conformational analyses of N‐acyl isochalcogenouronium species and comparison with kinetic data demonstrate the significance of 1,5‐O⋅⋅⋅Ch interactions in enantioselective catalysis. Importantly, the selenium analogue demonstrates enhanced rate and selectivity profiles across a range of reaction processes including nitronate conjugate addition and formal [4+2] cycloadditions. A gram‐scale synthesis of the most active selenium analogue was developed using a previously unreported seleno‐Hugerschoff reaction, allowing the challenging kinetic resolutions of tertiary alcohols to be performed at 500 ppm catalyst loading. Density functional theory (DFT) and natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations support the role of orbital delocalization (occurring by intramolecular chalcogen bonding) in determining the conformation, equilibrium population, and reactivity of N‐acylated intermediates.
An Activity‐Based Sensing Approach for the Detection of Cyclooxygenase‐2 in Live Cells
Authors: Yadav Anuj K. , Reinhardt Christopher J. , Arango Andres S. , Huff Hannah C. , Dong Liang , Malkowski Michael G. , Das Aditi , Tajkhorshid Emad , Chan Jefferson 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) overexpression is prominent in inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Directly monitoring COX‐2 activity within its native environment poses an exciting approach to account for and illuminate the effect of the local environments on protein activity. Herein, we report the development of CoxFluor, the first activity‐based sensing approach for monitoring COX‐2 within live cells with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. CoxFluor strategically links a natural substrate with a dye precursor to engage both the cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activities of COX‐2. This catalyzes the release of resorufin and the natural product, as supported by molecular dynamics and ensemble docking. CoxFluor enabled the detection of oxygen‐dependent changes in COX‐2 activity that are independent of protein expression within live macrophage cells.