bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Side chain effect in the modulation of αvβ3/α5β1 integrin activity via clickable isoxazoline-RGD-mimetics: development of molecular delivery systems
Authors: Ferrazzano Lucia , Corbisiero Dario , Potenza Eleonora , Baiula Monica , Dattoli Samantha Deianira , Spampinato Santi , Belvisi Laura , Civera Monica , Tolomelli Alessandra 
Published: May 2020

AbstractConstruction of small molecule ligand (SML) based delivery systems has been performed starting from a polyfunctionalized isoxazoline scaffold, whose αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins’ potency has been already established. The synthesis of this novel class of ligands was obtained by conjugation of linkers to the heterocyclic core via Huisgen-click reaction, with the aim to use them as “shuttles” for selective delivery of diagnostic agents to cancer cells, exploring the effects of the side chains in the interaction with the target. Compounds 17b and 24 showed excellent potency towards α5β1 integrin acting as selective antagonist and agonist respectively. Further investigations confirmed their effects on target receptor through the analysis of fibronectin-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In addition, confocal microscopy analysis allowed us to follow the fate of EGFP conjugated α5β1 integrin and 17b FITC-conjugated (compound 31) inside the cells. Moreover, the stability in water solution at different values of pH and in bovine serum confirmed the possible exploitation of these peptidomimetic molecules for pharmaceutical application.
IFN-γ and IgG responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis latency antigen Rv2626c differentiate remote from recent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Amiano Nicolás O. , Morelli María P. , Pellegrini Joaquín M. , Tateosian Nancy L. , Rolandelli Agustín , Seery Vanesa , Castello Florencia A. , Gallego Claudio , Armitano Rita , Stupka Juan , Erschen María A. , Ciallella Lorena M. , de Casado Graciela C. , Cusmano Liliana , Palmero Domingo J. , Iovanna Juan L. , García Verónica E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTuberculin skin test (TST) and IFN-γ release assays are currently used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection but none of them differentiate active from latent infection (LTBI). Since improved tests to diagnose Mtb infection are required, we studied the immune response to Mtb latency antigen Rv2626c in individuals exposed to the bacteria during different periods. Tuberculosis patients (TB), TB close contacts (CC: subjects exposed to Mtb for less than three months) and healthcare workers (HW: individuals exposed to Mtb at least two years) were recruited and QuantiFERON (QFT) assay, TST and IFN-γ secretion to Rv2626c were analyzed. Twenty-two percent of the individuals assessed had discordant results between QFT and TST tests. Furthermore, QFT negative and QFT positive individuals produced differential levels of IFN-γ against Rv2626c, in direct association with their exposure period to Mtb. Actually, 91% of CC QFT negative subjects secreted low levels of IFN-γ to Rv2626c, whereas 43% of HW QFT negative people produced elevated IFN-γ amounts against Rv2626c. Conversely, 69% of CC QFT positive subjects didn´t produce IFN-γ to Rv2626c. Interestingly, a similar pattern of IgG anti-Rv2626c plasma levels was observed. Therefore, determination of IFN-γ and IgG levels against the dormancy antigen Rv2626c allows to identify established LTBI.
pH-Dependent Antibacterial Activity of Glycolic Acid: Implications for Anti-Acne Formulations
Authors: Valle-González Elba R. , Jackman Joshua A. , Yoon Bo Kyeong , Mokrzecka Natalia , Cho Nam-Joon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGlycolic acid is the smallest alpha hydroxy acid and widely used for skincare applications, including to treat acne vulgaris. Oftentimes, high concentrations of glycolic acid (~20–50 vol%) are incorporated into chemical peels to reduce acne-related inflammation while there is an outstanding need to determine to what extent glycolic acid can potently inhibit Cutibacterium acnes (formerly known as Propionibacterium acnes), which is a Gram-positive bacterium implicated in acne pathogenesis. Herein, we report that glycolic acid exhibits pH-dependent antibacterial activity against C. acnes and mechanistic studies identified that the nonionic form of glycolic acid is more active than the anionic form. The degree of antibacterial activity, including minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), of glycolic acid was evaluated in the pH range of 3 to 4.5, and the greatest potency was observed at pH 3. In light of skincare formulation needs, we selected the pH 3.5 condition for further testing and determined that glycolic acid kills C. acnes cells by disrupting bacterial cell membranes. While most conventional treatments involve high concentrations of glycolic acid (>20%), our findings support the potential of developing anti-acne formulations with glycolic acid concentrations as low as 0.2% and with pH conditions that are suitable for over-the-counter applications.
A digital embrace to blunt the curve of COVID19 pandemic
Authors: Schwamm Lee H. , Erskine Alistair , Licurse Adam 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDigital health, virtual care, telehealth, and telemedicine are all terms often used interchangeably to refer to the practice of care delivered from a distance. Because virtual care collapses the barriers of time and distance, it is ideal for providing care that is patient-centered, lower cost, more convenient and at greater productivity. All these factors make virtual care tools indispensable elements in the COVID19 response. In this perspective, we offer implementation guidance and policy insights relevant to the use of virtual care tools to meet the challenges of the COVID19 pandemic.
Paternal restraint stress affects offspring metabolism via ATF-2 dependent mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster germ cells
Authors: Seong Ki-Hyeon , Ly Nhung Hong , Katou Yuki , Yokota Naoko , Nakato Ryuichiro , Murakami Shinnosuke , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Fukuda Shinji , Kang Siu , Soga Tomoyoshi , Shirahige Katsuhiko , Ishii Shunsuke 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPaternal environmental factors can epigenetically influence gene expressions in offspring. We demonstrate that restraint stress, an experimental model for strong psychological stress, to fathers affects the epigenome, transcriptome, and metabolome of offspring in a MEKK1-dATF2 pathway-dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes involved in amino acid metabolism are upregulated by paternal restraint stress, while genes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are downregulated. The effects of paternal restraint stress are also confirmed by metabolome analysis. dATF-2 is highly expressed in testicular germ cells, and restraint stress also induces p38 activation in the testes. Restraint stress induces Unpaired 3 (Upd3), a Drosophila homolog of Interleukin 6 (IL-6). Moreover, paternal overexpression of upd3 in somatic cells disrupts heterochromatin in offspring but not in offspring from dATF-2 mutant fathers. These results indicate that paternal restraint stress affects metabolism in offspring via inheritance of dATF-2-dependent epigenetic changes.
Four-Dimensional Introital Ultrasound in Assessing Perioperative Pelvic Floor Muscle Functions of Women with Cystoceles
Authors: Huang Wen-Chen , Yang Jenn-Ming , Chen Hsin-Fu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose Research on the use of ultrasound to explore the pelvic floor in women is rarely done with introital ultrasound. This study aimed to investigate the performance of four-dimensional (4D) introital ultrasound in the perioperative assessment of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function in women with cystocele.
Materials and Methods The reliability and agreement of ultrasound measurements were determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with 95 % confidence interval and Bland-Altman analysis in 20 women. The validity of ultrasound parameters was assessed by correlating squeezing ultrasound measurements with the modified Oxford scale (MOS) in 317 women. 4D introital ultrasound data of 241 women with (n = 29) and without (n = 212) postoperative cystocele at the 12-month postoperative assessment were retrospectively analyzed. Levator avulsion was diagnosed using tomographic ultrasound imaging. Involuntary and voluntary PFM functions were explored by dynamic changes in the bladder neck and genital hiatus, respectively, upon coughing and squeezing on 4D introital ultrasound.
Results The ICC for the reliability of all tested ultrasound parameters was good to very good. The changes and change ratios of most ultrasound measurements from resting to squeezing were fairly correlated with MOS. Women with postoperative cystocele demonstrated more rates of complete levator avulsion [41.3 % vs. 4.7 %, P < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) 14.26, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.88–42.42] and fewer rates of capable voluntary PFM contraction (65.5 % vs. 92.5 %, P < 0.001, OR 0.16, 95 % CI 0.06–0.43) than those without postoperative cystocele postoperatively.
Conclusion 4D introital ultrasound is feasible to assess perioperative PFM function in women with cystocele.
Protective Effects of Total Alkaloids from Menispermum dauricum against Airway Inflammation in Asthmatic Mice
Authors: Lv Le , Yin Bing , You Ye , Sun Zhongyang , He Jiao , Cao Yan Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Menispermum dauricum is widely used to treat respiratory inflammation, including laryngopharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, and bronchitis. Total alkaloids isolated from M. dauricum have shown a variety of beneficial bioactivities. However, available data on the effects of M. dauricum total alkaloids against allergic asthma has not been reported. In present study, the protective effect of M. dauricum total alkaloids was evaluated by using an ovalbumin-induced in vivo model of asthma. The asthma model was prepared by sensitizing and challenging mice with ovalbumin, and M. dauricum total alkaloids (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were administrated to asthmatic mice by gavage. Histopathological analysis of pulmonary changes was detected by hematoxylin and eosin, and periodic acid-schiff staining. Inflammatory cell counts were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Total immunoglobulin E and ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E levels in serum, and T-helper 2 cytokines and chemokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by an ELISA. Histological results demonstrated that M. dauricum total alkaloids significantly attenuated pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic mice. M. dauricum total alkaloid treatment exhibited marked effects on asthmatic mice in reducing inflammatory cell counts, decreasing interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13 concentrations, and downregulating TNF-α and eotaxin levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, M. dauricum total alkaloids could also inhibit the elevated serum levels of total immunoglobulin E and ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E. These findings confirmed that M. dauricum total alkaloids could suppress airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma through regulating the T-helper 2 response and chemokine level. M. dauricum total alkaloids may be a potential ethnopharmacological agent for asthmatic patients.
Investigation of Antiplasmodial Effects of Terpenoid Compounds Isolated from Myrrh
Authors: Greve Hippolyt L. , Kaiser Marcel , Schmidt Thomas J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs part of our ongoing search for antiprotozoal natural products from plants, we examined different resins from the Burseraceae family. The dichloromethane extract obtained from myrrh, the oleo-gum-resin of Commiphora species, showed promising in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum with an IC50 value of 1 µg/mL. Bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation and characterization of 18 sesquiterpenoids, namely, β-elemene (1), elemyl acetate (2), curzerenone (3), 8-hydroxyisogermafurenolide (4), 2-methoxyisogermafurenolide (5), 8-epi-2-methoxyisogermafurenolide (6), furanodienone (7), 1(10)Z,4Z-furanodien-6-one (8), rel-2R-methyl-5S-acetoxy-4R-furanogermacr-1(10)Z-en-6-one (9), (1(10)E)-2-methoxy-8,12-epoxygermacra-1(10),7,11-trien-6-one (10), 2R-methoxyfuranodiene (11), 2-acetyloxyglechomanolide (12), 8-epi-2-acetyloxyglechomanolide (13), (1R,2R,4S)-1,2-epoxyfuranogermacr-10(15)-en-6-one (14), hydroxylindestrenolide (15), isohydroxylindestrenolide (16), myrrhone (17), and myrrhterpenoid O (18). Moreover, nine (nor-)triterpenoids were isolated: mansumbinol (19), mansumbinol epoxide (20), mansumbinone (21), mansumbin-13(17)-en-3,16-dione (22), 3,4-seco-mansumbinoic acid (23), rel-20S-hydroxy-dammar-24-en-3,16-dione (24), rel-(16S,20S)-dihydroxydammar-24-en-3-one (25), cycloart-24-en-1α,2α,3β-triol (26), and 3β-isovaleroyloxycycloart-24-en-1α,2α-diol (27). All compounds were identified by MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. To the best of our knowledge, compounds 5, 6, 12, 13, 16, 18, and 20 are reported for the first time. All isolated compounds were tested in vitro for activity against P. falciparum and cytotoxicity. The sesquiterpene 7 and the triterpene 25 were the most active compounds found in this study with IC50 values of 7.4 and 2.8 µM, respectively.
Evaluation of the Reflux Symptom Index and the Endolaryngeal Findings Scale after Treatment in Individuals with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Silva Álvaro Siqueira , Duprat André Campos , Machado Súnia Ribeiro , Melo Daniele Nahmias , Nascimento Ribeiro Dayse Kelle 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a prevalent condition in outpatients visiting the otorhinolaryngological clinic, with many controversies regarding its diagnosis and follow-up. Therefore, there is a need for clinical instruments that can diagnose individuals and monitor the results of their treatment.
Objective To evaluate the applicability of the scores translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese: Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and Endolaryngeal Reflux Findings Scale (ERFS), as instruments for post-treatment follow-up of LPR.
Method A total of 35 individuals with atypical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and with an objective diagnosis of LPR, confirmed by high digestive endoscopy and 24-hour esophageal pH-metry dual probe test were submitted to the RSI and ERFS questionnaires, used in the pre- and post-treatment of 90 days with a Proton Pump Inhibitor.
Result The evaluation of RSI and ERFS in the pre- and post-treatment showed a reduction in the results of the two scores, with a higher drop in the RSI (p < 0.001) than in the ERFS (p = 0.014). Although there was an improvement in the values in 23.9% of the individuals in the ERFS, there was no change in the category (p = 0.057), different from the RSI (p < 0.001), where there was a 67.4% improvement in values, as well as change in category (score went from positive to negative). There was a correlation between RSI and ERFS, moderate in the pretreatment and strong in the post-treatment.
Conclusion The RSI and ERFS scores, when translated and adapted for Brazilian Portuguese and applied simultaneously, can be considered a good tool for post-treatment LPR follow-up.
CONCEPT MAPPING – AN EFFECTIVE TOOL TO PROMOTE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AMONG NURSES
Authors: Nirmala T. , Shakuntala B. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Title: Effect of Concept Mapping in Development of Critical thinking (CT) Skills among B. Sc Nursing Students
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of concept mapping as a teaching strategy to develop critical thinking skills.
Materials and Methods: Pretest, post test control group design was used. The IV year B.Sc nursing students were included as experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=44). The experimental group was given a training to prepare nursing care plans using concept mapping. The training programme was for 12 weeks where the participants were given case study scenarios every week to prepare nursing care plans using concept map. The experimental group and control group were again assessed for the critical thinking skills. The concept maps were evaluated using scoring criteria.
Results: In the post test, there was a significant difference in the critical thinking scores of both the groups at 0.05 level. (t=2.16). A significant improvement was identified between the pretest and post test critical thinking scores of experiment group at 0.05 level (t=2.0). Comparison of concept mapping scores of the experimental group in the pretest and post test showed a highly significant difference at 0.041 level.
Conclusion: The study was able to show a significant improvement in the critical thinking skills of nursing students. However, the critical thinking scores were poor due to the high standard of the assessment tool. It is needed to develop critical thinking skill assessment tool which will suit the nursing community and further research is required to promote concept mapping as a teaching and learning strategy.
CHAOS SCIENCE & THE PARADOX IN ELECTRO CARDIOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATIONS
Authors: Kumar Arunachalam 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe application of the radically and new non-linear science of 'chaos' has been slow in acceptance in the medical field; each and every diagnostic, investigative and pharmaco-therapeutic process involved in health science is dictated by direct Newtonian tenets of causeeffect and linear mathematical derivations. Exclusive and total dependence on scalar models have compartmentalized patient profiles into rigid cocoons such as age, sex, weight, height, physiological and biochemical evaluations making interventional therapeutic regimens solely dictated by our over-riding choice to use scales of convenience for every single one of our evaluation, assessment and treatment criteria.The paradoxical and skewed results in seemingly normal processes, when viewed through 'chaos' systems, show how wrong our total reliance on scale and linear applications are! As an example of how terribly paradoxical inferences can be, I have electrocardiography, a common and widely used diagnostic process
MANAGEMENT OF COMPLETELY EDENTULOUS MAXILLARY ARCH OPPOSING NATURAL DENTITION - A CASE REPORT
Authors: D. Anupama Prasad , D. Krishna Prasad , Hegde Chethan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present case report deals with oral rehabilitation of completely edentulous maxillary arch opposing a full complement of natural dentition prosthetically by incorporating metal denture base in place of the conventional Poly Methyl Methacrylate material to combat the masticatory forces from natural dentition and improve the longevity of the prosthetic replacement, at the same time prevent resorption of the underlying residual maxillary ridge.
A STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ON PRACTICE REGARDING FIRST AID MEASURES AMONG THE SELF HELP GROUPS IN SELECTED AREAS OF MANGALORE WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP INFORMATION MODULE
Authors: M. Deepak , Nayak Sabitha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge on first aid measures among self help group members. The study was conducted in selected community areas of Natekal PHC. The sample for the study comprised of 100 self help group members selected by nd th purposive sampling technique. The data was collected between 2nd October 2011 and 13th November 2011 by using structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study finding revealed that majority of the samples 55% were in the age group of 25-30 years, 64% were females, 44% of them were manual laborers and 39 % received information from the teaching programs, 20% from mass media 13% from friends and 17% of them do not have exposure to any source of information about the first aid practices. The results showed that majority of the samples 62% had good knowledge, and 38% had average knowledge about the first aid practice. Among the seven areas of the knowledge assessment on first aid measures the mean percentage score of the samples were highest (70%) in the area of poisoning and lowest score (28.8%) in the area of bleeding. There is no significant association between knowledge and selected demographic variables like age, educational status, membership in any social organization, occupation, place of living, and source of information other than gender.
EFFECT OF FOOT REFLEXOLOGY ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG MENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN SELECTED SCHOOLS IN MANGALORE
Authors: Pinto Preethi Cony , Paul Shynee 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe study was conducted to identify the effect of foot reflexology on the quality of life among menopausal women employed in various schools from 01.08.2011 to 01.10.2011. An evaluative approach with one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. The present study was conducted among various schools in Mangalore. The collected data from 117 samples were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Distribution of the samples based on the quality of life revealed that 78.6% had a good quality of life, 15.4% had an average quality of life and 6% had a very good quality of life. With regard to the menopausal symptoms, 55.6%, 24.8% and 19.7% experienced mild, moderate and severe symptoms respectively. 52 women with moderate to severe symptoms were selected and administered foot reflexology for 10 consecutive days. The mean post-test scores of the subjects in the quality of life was 59.43 were significantly greater than the mean pre-test score of 53.89 and the mean post-test scores in the menopausal symptoms was 16.82 which was significantly lower than the mean pre-test score of 21.82. The study also revealed a negative correlation (r= -0.653, p<0.005) between the quality of life and menopausal symptoms. There was significant association between the demographic variables and the quality of life.
A Study to Relate Sagittal Condylar Path and Horizontal Incisal Path with Bilateral Balanced Occlusion in Edentulous Subjects
Authors: D. Krishna Prasad , Prasad B. Rajendra , D. Anupama Prasad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Bilateral balanced occlusion is achieved when there is equilibrium on both sides of the prosthesis, due to the simultaneous contact of the artificial teeth in centric and eccentric occlusion. One of the areas in which research is lacking is the relation between sagittal condylar path (CP) and horizontal incisal path (IP) with optimal balanced occlusion.
Materials and Methods Semiadjustable Articulator Artex Arcon AP with Rotofix facebow, 40 µ Bosch articulating paper of red and blue color, protractor, centric and protrusive interocclusal plaster records were used for the study on 50 completely edentulous subjects. Teeth arrangement was done with optimal balanced occlusion, and the numbers of contacts were recorded in centric relation and eccentric positions. Statistical analysis was done by using student’s t test and Karl Pearson coefficient correlation.
Results The average sagittal CP was 30.38° in the age group of 40 to 55 years and 32.58° in the age group of 56 to 70 years, and the average horizontal IP was 15.79° in the age group of 40 to 55 years and 16.04° in the age group of 56 to 70 years.Statistically significant results were found between sagittal CP, horizontal IP with bilateral balanced occlusion in the age group of 40–55 years.
Conclusion Statistically significant relations were found in balanced occlusion between waxed up denture on articulator, processed denture on articulator and processed denture on articulator after selective grinding. Balanced occlusion is more predictable in a younger group of individuals.