bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Value of Total Shoulder Arthroplasties at Physician-Owned Hospitals
Authors: Malik Azeem Tariq , Sridharan Mathangi J. , Bishop Julie Y. , Khan Safdar N. , Neviaser Andrew S. , Cvetanovich Gregory L. 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Owing to concerns regarding higher cost, low quality of care and cherry-picking in physician-owned hospitals (POHs), the Affordable Care Act imposed sanctions that prevented the formation of new POHs. With an increasing utilization of total shoulder arthroplasties (TSAs), there is a need for re-evaluation and assessment of quality and cost of TSAs performed at these POHs.

Methods:
The 2011 to 2014 Medicare 100% Standard Analytical Files was used to identify patients undergoing a reverse TSA or anatomic TSA at POHs and non-POHs. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess differences in 90-day and 1-year outcomes between the two groups.

Results:
A total of 1,626 (2.2%) patients received a TSA at a POH (N = 50). No notable differences were noted between POH versus non-POHs regarding 90-day surgical site infections (P = 0.645), dislocation (P = 0.068), periprosthetic fractures (P = 0.556), revision arthroplasty (P = 0.114), pulmonary embolism (P = 0.155), deep vein thrombosis (P = 0.208), acute myocardial infarction (P = 0.219), sepsis (P = 0.288), urinary tract infections (P = 0.186), all-cause readmissions (P = 0.427), 1-year dislocations (P = 0.475), 1-year periprosthetic fractures (P = 0.697), and 1-year revision arthroplasties (P = 0.225). TSAs performed at POHs had higher odds of postoperative stiffness at 90-day (odds ratio 1.39; P < 0.001) and 1-year follow-up points (odds ratio 1.51; P < 0.001). TSAs at POHs had markedly lower risk–adjusted 90-day charges (−$8,904) and 90-day costs (−$1,659).

Conclusion:
Apart from slightly higher rates of stiffness and renal complications, patients undergoing TSAs at POHs seem to have similar outcomes as compared to non-POHs, while having lower costs of care. The findings suggest a need for further research, evaluating the value of care at POHs.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Geometrically Structured Microtumors in 3D Hydrogel Matrices
Authors: Molley Thomas G. , Wang Xiaochun , Hung Tzong‐tyng , Jayathilaka Pavithra B. , Yang Jia‐Lin , Kilian Kristopher A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDuring cancer progression, a growing tumor encounters variation in the surrounding microenvironment leading to a diverse landscape at the tumor–matrix interface. Topological cues at the interface are believed to influence invasive characteristics; however, most laboratory models involve tumor spheroids that develop a uniform geometry within a homogenous hydrogel. In this communication, a method for templating hydrogels in well‐defined 3D architectures is reported. Using melanoma as a model cancer, fabrication of geometrically structured model tumors in a myriad of shapes and sizes is demonstrated. These microtumors can be encapsulated in virtually any polymeric matrix, with demonstrations using poly(ethylene glycol) and gelatin‐based hydrogels. Light sheet imaging reveals uniform viability throughout with regions of high curvature at the periphery influencing cellular heterogeneity. These hydrogel encapsulated microtumors can be harvested and implanted in animal models, providing a unique xenograft system where relationships between geometry, progression, and invasion may be systematically studied.
PEBA/PSf Multilayer Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation: Influence of Dip Coating Parameters
Authors: Elyasi Kojabad Mahdi , Momeni Masumeh , Babaluo Ali Akbar , Vaezi Mohammad Javad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPolyether block amide (PEBA) polymeric layers were prepared on polysulfone (PSf) supports via dip coating. The effects of the coating speed and the solution concentration on the membrane performance were studied. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and gas permeation. The coating speed was adjusted in the range of 0.32–0.48 cm s−1 at a solution concentration of 3 wt % to obtain suitable membranes so that the CO2 permeance and the CO2/N2 selectivity increased by more than three and ten times, respectively, compared to other speed ranges. Statistical analysis also showed that the effect of the interaction between solution concentration and coating speed is more considerable than the separate effects of both factors.
Artificial neural network approach to predict the lightfastness of gravure prints on the plastic film
Authors: Mandal Mahasweta , Bandyopadhyay Swati 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe lightfastness of prints is an important property for assessing their print stability. The objective of this study is to determine the lightfastness rate of printed films due to long‐time exposure by applying artificial neural network (ANN). Package printing is gradually becoming extremely important because its color and quality increase the marketability of the product. Sometimes it has been observed that the initial print quality is bright and attractive. However, with time, it degrades the exposure of light, water, or other external parameters. Thus, it reduces the marketability if its color degrades before its expiration. Therefore, the lightfastness of prints may be considered for the authenticity or validity of the product. The plastic film substrate is chosen because it has extensive usage in food and other packaging industries. The samples printed in the gravure process are exposed in artificial lightfastness tester BGD 865/A Bench Xenon Test Chamber (B‐SUN) for assessing the lightfastness of prints. The ocean optics spectroradiometer (DH2000BAL) is used to measure the spectrophotometric properties of prints before and after exposure. The obtained reflectance spectra are modeled by applying an ANN technique that is proposed to predict the fading rate of the printed film. The optimal model gives excellent prediction with the minimum mean square error for each color and a correlation coefficient of 0.80 to 0.99. ANN model and a Regression model (assuming first‐order kinetic equation) are compared for predicting the lightfastness properties of prints. The results show that the ANN has better prediction capability than the regression model.
Engaging F‐words to create change: Rape, representation, and performance
Authors: Trinch Shonna , Cassidy Barbara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis essay, inspired by feminism, examines a program of engaged public anthropology through student‐led theater that uses what is often considered to be ‘bad language’ in U.S. colleges and universities. We suggest that the appropriation of taboo language varieties and taboo words in plays written by student‐playwrights and performed by professional actors in front of professors, administrators and student peers creates a powerful context for breaking the silence surrounding rape that then puts students at risk. Critical attention to the student‐playwrights' use of the f‐word in the public production of Seeing Rape suggests there is a place for it on campus.
Spatiotemporal variations in monthly relative humidity in China based on observations and CMIP5 models
Authors: Niu Zigeng , Wang Lunche , Fang Lulu , Li Jiarui , Yao Rui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe variation trends in surface relative humidity (RH) are analyzed from 1961 to 2015 in China and its eight subregions based on monthly mean surface RH data from 2,474 stations provided by the National Meteorological Information Center of China (NMIC). The annual mean surface RH is 59% in China, with a clear maximum and minimum in South China (SC, 80%) and over the Tibetan Plateau (TP, 45%). From 1961 to 2002, the regional RH shows increasing trends in most regions of China, but a particularly sharp reduction in RH is evident since 2003 in each subregion and throughout China, leading to a decreasing RH in China from 1961 to 2015. The decline is larger in East China (EC, −0.58% decade−1) and SC (−0.59% decade−1) than that in the West of Northwest China (WNC, −0.11% decade−1) and North China (NC, −0.05% decade−1), and the decreasing trend is −0.30% decade−1 throughout all of China. A drier trend has been observed in most regions of China, especially in urban and high‐altitude areas, which suggests that the water vapour supply from the ocean is limited, accompanied by weakened monsoons, and the increase in sunshine duration in northwestern China also causes a decrease in surface RH. On the other hand, urbanisation will also lead to local urban dry island effects in some regions with large populations and rapid urbanization. Finally, the RH would decrease more rapidly under the RCP8.5 scenario than under the RCP4.5 scenario because of the asymmetrical increase in vapour pressure and saturation vapour pressure under increasing temperature.
Rational roots of all‐terminal reliability
Authors: Brown Jason I. , DeGagné Corey D. C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGiven a connected graph G whose vertices are perfectly reliable and whose edges each fail independently with probability q ∈ [0, 1], the (all‐terminal) reliability of G is the probability that the resulting subgraph of operational edges contains a spanning tree (this probability is always a polynomial in q). The location of the roots of reliability polynomials has been well studied, with particular interest in finding those with the largest moduli. In this paper, we will discuss a related problem—among all reliability polynomials of graphs on n vertices, what can we say about the rational roots? We prove that (for n ≥ 2), the rational roots are −1, − 1/2, − 1/3,…, − 1/(n − 1), 1. Moreover, we show that for n ≥ 3, the root of minimum modulus among all graphs of order n is rational, and determine all roots of smallest moduli and the corresponding graphs. Finally, we provide the first nontrivial mathematical property that distinguishes, via reliability, the class of simple graphs (i.e., those without loops and multiple edges) from that of graphs in general.
Environmental determinants of diving beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in an urban landscape
Authors: Liao Wenfei , Venn Stephen , Niemelä Jari 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBlue infrastructure is an important component of urban green infrastructure, due to its capacity for water cycle regulation and soil formation, as well as supporting unique biodiversity. Urban ponds, as part of urban blue, can harbour a diverse assemblage of aquatic macroinvertebrates. As yet, it is not clear how urbanisation affects macroinvertebrate diversity. In this study, we focus on diving beetles (Dytiscidae) in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland, to investigate how urbanisation affects their diversity, as well as the effects of margin steepness and the presence or absence of fish on urban dytiscids. We sampled dytiscids using 1-L activity traps in 14 fishless ponds and 11 ponds with fish, at ten sites. We applied generalised linear mixed models (GLMM) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to analyse the effects on dytiscid assemblages. We found that urbanisation had a negative effect on species richness but not on abundance. Steepness of pond margins and the presence or absence of predatory fish, affected both species richness and abundance: dytiscids prefer ponds with gently sloping margins; they have 80% higher species richness and are 79% more abundant in fishless ponds, and medium to large-sized dytiscid species are more capable of coexisting with fish. Urban wetlands can support a diversity of dytiscids at the regional level, and the presence of ponds without predatory fish is beneficial for maintaining dytiscid diversity. We recommend maintaining a diverse range of ponds and wetland habitats for the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity in urban regions.
Führung und Sinn. Plädoyer für einen existenzanalytischen Umgang mit dem Sinnphänomen
Authors: Jung Rüdiger Heinrich 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag der Zeitschrift „Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO)“ werden im Kontext der unmittelbaren Führungsbeziehung zwischen Vorgesetzten und Mitarbeitenden Sinn als Ergebnis werterealisierenden Verhaltens beschrieben, konkrete Werte- und Sinnpotenziale aufgezeigt und förderliche Rahmenbedingungen einer sinnorientierten Führung skizziert.In der Diskussion um adäquate Formen von Führung und Organisation in der modernen Arbeitswelt erfährt das Sinnphänomen erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit. Dabei ist ein zum Teil vager, zum Teil großzügiger Umgang mit dem Sinnbegriff zu beobachten. Um Sinn als Motivationsfaktor sui generis nutzbar zu machen, plädiert der Beitrag für ein aus der anthropologischen Philosophie begründetes und dem existenzanalytischen Verständnis von Viktor E. Frankl entlehntes Sinnkonzept.
The Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities and its role in the appropriation of İstanbul’s diverse heritage as national heritage (1939–1953)
Authors: Aykaç Pınar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper argues that the early Republican attempts to reintegrate the Ottoman past into nationalist narratives later found their reflections in discussions regarding the preservation of İstanbul’s diverse heritage, coinciding with the redefinition of Turkish nationalism in the 1940s, incorporating Islam and marking a departure from the foundation ideology of the Republic of Turkey. In 1939, the Republican authorities decided to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1953. The Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities (Muhafaza-ı Asar-ı Atika Encümeni)—the body responsible for the preservation of historic monuments in İstanbul—was tasked with conducting restoration and repair works for the celebrations. Although the celebrations did not receive much attention in the following years, the annual celebrations in the city have now become a significant aspect of present-day İstanbul, which glorify its Ottoman-Islamic past. By presenting its negotiations and contestations with other state actors in the context of these preparations, this paper explores the role of the Preservation Commission in appropriating the inherited remnants of İstanbul’s multifaceted past as “national monuments.”
Facile preparation of a novel biogenic silver-loaded Nanofilm with intrinsic anti-bacterial and oxidant scavenging activities for wound healing
Authors: Bardania Hassan , Mahmoudi Reza , Bagheri Hamed , Salehpour Zeinab , Fouani Mohamad Hassan , Darabian Bita , Khoramrooz Seyed Sajjad , Mousavizadeh Ali , Kowsari Majid , Moosavifard Seyyed Ebrahim , Christiansen Gunna , Javeshghani Danesh , Alipour Mohsen , Akrami Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo eliminate the microbial infection from an injury site, various modalities have been developed such as dressings and human skin substitutes. However, the high amount of reactive oxygen species, microbial infection, and damaging extracellular matrix remain as the main challenges for the wound healing process. In this study, for the first time, green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Teucrium polium extract were embedded in poly lactic acid/poly ethylene glycol (PLA/PEG) film to provide absorbable wound dressing, with antioxidant and antibacterial features. The physicochemical analysis demonstrated, production of AgNPs with size approximately 32.2 nm and confirmed the presence of phytoconstituents on their surface. The antibacterial assessments exhibited a concentration-dependent sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa toward biosynthesized AgNPs, which showed a suitable safety profile in human macrophage cells. Furthermore, oxidant scavenging assays demonstrated exploitation of plant extract as a reducing agent, endows antioxidant activity to biogenic AgNPs. The formation of PLA/PEG nanofilm and entrapment of AgNPs into their matrix were clearly confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. More importantly, antibacterial examination demonstrated that the introduction of biogenic AgNPs into PLA/PEG nanofibers led to complete growth inhibition of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. In summary, the simultaneous antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of the novel biogenic AgNPs/PLA/PEG nanofilm showed its potential for application as wound dressing.
On the use of XML markup language in comics criticism
Authors: Murel Jacob 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Building upon Walsh’s Comic Book Markup Language (CMBL) used for encoding text features of comics documents, this essay explores how CBML can be modified and expanded using additional Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) features to reflect alternative theoretical and critical approaches to comics. In doing so, this essay argues that markup languages offer not only a means for analyzing encoded documents but also a means for analyzing critical approaches to documents. Because markup language reflects the critical stance of whoever produces the encoding, any revision to the markup potentially reflects a revision to the critical theoretical framework from which the encoder operates. As such, implementation of markup language in comics studies can function not only as a metalanguage for describing comics but also as a form of meta-criticism. To this end, this essay explores methods for incorporating CBML and TEI to reflect commonly opposed approaches to analyzing comics documents.
Remote triage in paediatric critical care: A Canadian provincial-wide cohort study
Authors: Kawaguchi Atsushi , Guerra Gonzalo Garcia , Gilad Eli , Jain Praveen , DeCaen Allan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
To describe remote triage of ‘potentially’ critically ill or injured children in a western Canadian province and to examine the associated factors with ‘missings’ in vital sign items recorded in centralized telephone triage consultations.

Methods
This is a provincial-wide prospective cohort study. We included all children under 17 years of age consulted through the central transport coordination centres in Alberta from June 2016 to July 2017. We labeled a value as ‘missing’ when the actual value was not identified in the audio records.

Results
In total, 429 cases were included in this study. The median duration of triage calls was 6.8 minutes. Although the patients’ demographics and primary diagnoses were similar, backgrounds of the referring physicians and hospitals were significantly different between the two cohorts (i.e., patients referred to Calgary versus Edmonton). The proportion of ‘missings’ among the vital sign items varied significantly, in which capillary refilling time (60%), pupils (86%), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (79%), and level of respiratory effort (50%) were not well recorded, whereas heart rate (proportion of ‘missings’: 12%), SpO2 (20%), and respiratory rate (26%) were recorded reasonably well. The lower proportion of ‘missings’ was observed in older aged patients for several vital sign items including systolic blood pressure and GCS.

Conclusions
The proportion of missing vital signs recorded varied significantly. The ‘missings’ could be associated with referring physician’s background and patients’ demographics such as ‘age’ that should be considered for the improvement of triage quality in the future.
Integrating Reproductive and Sexual Health Education and Services Into Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Programs: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Klaman Stacey L. , Turner Kea , Lorvick Jennifer , Jones Hendrée E. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives:
Women with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the USA are at risk for poor reproductive and sexual health (RSH) outcomes. The qualitative research presented here is part of a larger mixed methods study. The qualitative component used an implementation science framework to investigate provider and staff perspectives regarding the integration of RSH education and services for reproductive-age women in opioid treatment programs (OTPs) in North Carolina.

Methods:
Thirty-one semistructured interviews were conducted with providers and staff at 9 OTPs between November and December, 2017. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to assess multilevel implementation contexts (eg, patient, provider, organizational) to identify barriers and facilitators that might influence effective intervention implementation. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed to identify key themes. Deductive and inductive approaches were used.

Results:
Barriers included transportation, childcare, and time constraints (patient-level), lack of communication between providers (provider-level), lack of political will, competing priorities, and shortages of available resources (organizational-level). Facilitators included a group education approach (patient-level), strong communication (provider-level), and a culture of collaboration (organizational-level).

Conclusions:
Assessing determinants of implementation is important to the development of RSH interventions. CFIR constructs were found to be important influences that could facilitate or hinder effective implementation. Integration of RSH education and services is a process, and, when addressed in stages, might be feasible. A broad range of RSH education and services has the potential to have a profound impact on the health of women with OUD and their children, their families, and their communities.
Implementation of the Affordable Care Act: A Comparison of Outcomes in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Using the National Inpatient Sample*
Authors: Chinai Brian , Gaughan John , Schorr Christa 
Published: April 2020

Objectives:
Sepsis is the most common and costly diagnosis in U.S.’ hospitals. Despite quality improvement programs and heightened awareness, sepsis accounts for greater than 50% of all hospital deaths. A key modifier of outcomes is access to healthcare. The Affordable Care Act, passed in 2010, expanded access to health insurance coverage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in insurance coverage and outcomes in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock as a result of the full implementation of the Affordable Care Act.

Design:
This retrospective study uses data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample during 2011–2016. Data were divided into two groups: 2011–2013 (pre Affordable Care Act) and 2014–2016 (post Affordable Care Act). Outcomes were in-hospital mortality, mortality rates based on insurance type, and hospital length of stay.

Patients:
Hospitalized adults between the ages 18 and 64.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
A total of 361,323 severe sepsis or septic shock hospital discharges were included. Comparing pre-Affordable Care Act with post-Affordable Care Act, there was a 4.75% increase in medicaid coverage and a 1.91% decrease in the uninsured. Overall in-hospital mortality decreased from 22.90% pre-Affordable Care Act to 18.59% post-Affordable Care Act. Pre-Affordable Care Act uninsured patients had the highest mortality (25.68%). Patients with medicaid had the greatest reduction in mortality (5.71%) and length of stay (2.45 d). The mean (sd) length of stay pre Affordable Care Act was 13.92 (17.42) days, compared with 12.35 (15.76) days post Affordable Care Act. All results were statistically significant (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
In this cohort, there was an increase in insured patients with severe sepsis and septic shock post Affordable Care Act. Mortality and length of stay decreased in the post-Affordable Care Act period with the greatest reduction identified in the medicaid population. The improvement in outcomes could be attributed to advances in management, earlier presentation, patients being less severely ill and receiving treatment sooner.