bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhomboid Protein 2 of Eimeria Maxima Provided Partial Protection Against Infection by Homologous Species
Authors: Chen Yufeng , Tian Di , Chen Siying , Ding Wenxi , Sun Xiaoting , Wang Mingyue , Chen Chen , Liu Xiaoqian , Su Junzhi , Xu Lixin , Yan Ruofeng , Li Xiangrui , Song Xiaokai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Rhomboid-like proteases (ROMs) are considered as a new candidate antigen for developing new-generation vaccine due to their important role involved in the invasion of apicomplexan protozoa. In prior works, we obtained a ROM2 sequence of Eimeria maxima (EmROM2) which is the homologous gene with ROM2 of Toxoplasma gondii. This study was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of EmROM2 recombinant protein (rEmROM2) and EmROM2 DNA (pVAX1-EmROM2) against infection by Eimeria maxima (E. maxima).Methods: Western blot assay was conducted to analyze the immunogenicity of rEmROM2. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were performed to determine the transcription and expression of pVAX1-EmROM2 recombinant plasmid. EmROM2-induced changes in transcriptional level of cytokines, T lymphocytes subsets and specific serum IgG antibody were detected through qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR), flow cytometry and indirect ELISA, respectively. Ultimately, a vaccination-challenge trial was performed to evaluate the protective efficacy of rEmROM2 and pVAX1-EmROM2 against infection with E. maxima. Results: The purified rEmROM2 was recognized with chicken anti-E. maxima serum. After vaccination with pVAX1-EmROM2, apparent transcription and translation of EmROM2 were observed in the vaccinated chickens. Vaccination with rEmROM2 and EmROM2 DNA significantly upregulated the proportion of CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, the transcription level of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, TGF-β and TNF SF15) and serum IgG antibody response. Meanwhile, the vaccination significantly alleviated enteric lesions, weight loss, and reduced oocyst output caused by challenge infection of E. maxima, and provided anticoccidial index (ACI) of more than 160, indicating partial protection against E. maxima.Conclusions: Vaccination with rEmROM2 and pVAX1-EmROM2 activated notable humoral and cell-mediated immunity and provided partial protection against infection by E. maxima. These results demonstrated that EmROM2 protein and DNA are promising vaccine candidates against E. maxima infection.
Innovative Method for CO2 Fixation and Storage
Authors: Sorimachi Kenji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The concentration of CO2 in Earth’s atmosphere has been gradually increasing since the Industrial Revolution, primarily as a result of the use of fossil fuels as energy sources. Although coal and oil have been vital to the development of modern civilization, it is now recognized that atmospheric CO2 levels must be reduced so as to avoid the serious effects of climate change, including natural disasters. Consequently, there is currently significant interest in developing suitable methods for the fixation of CO2 in the air and in exhaust gases. The present work demonstrates a simple yet innovative approach to the chemical fixation of extremely low and also very high CO2 concentrations in air, such as might result from industrial sources. This process is based on the use of aqueous solutions of the water soluble compounds NaOH and CaCl2, which react with CO2 to produce the harmless solids CaCO3 (limestone) and NaCl (salt) via intermediates such as NaHCO3 and Na2CO3. The NaCl generated in this process can be converted back to NaOH via electrolysis, during which H2 (which can be used as a clean energy source) and Cl2 are produced simultaneously. This system provides a safe, inexpensive approach to CO2 fixation and storage.
Chemo- and Regioselective Hydroformylation of Alkenes with CO2/H2 over a Bifunctional Catalyst
Authors: HUA Kai , Liu Fang , Wei Yin , Shao Long , Deng Chao , Zhang Ming , Xia Lin , Zhong Liangshu , Wang Hui , Sun Yuhan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Combining CO2 and H2 to prepare building blocks for high-value-added products is an attractive yet challenging approach. A general and selective rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of alkenes using CO2/H2 as a syngas surrogate is described here. With this protocol, the desired aldehydes can be obtained in up to 97% yield and 93/7 regioselectivity under mild reaction conditions (25 bar, 80 ºC). Key-to-success is the use of bifunctional Rh/PTA catalyst (PTA: 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), which facilitates both CO2 hydrogenation and hydroformylation. Notably, monodentate PTA exhibited better activity and regioselectivity than common bidentate ligands, which might be ascribed to its built-in basic site and tris-chelated mode. Mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation proceeds through cascade steps, involving free HCOOH production through CO2 hydrogenation, fast release of CO, and rhodium-catalyzed conventional hydroformylation. Moreover, the unconventional hydroformylation pathway, in which HCOOAc acts as a direct C1 source, has also been proved feasible with superior regioselectivity than that of CO pathway.
A quantum magnetic analogue to the critical point of water
Authors: Ronnow Henrik , Larrea Julio , Crone Schelto , Fogh Ellen , Zayed Mohamed , Lortz Rolf , Pomajkushina Ekaterina , Conder Kazimierz , Laeuchli Andreas , Weber Lukas , Wessel Stefan , Honecker Andreas , Normand Bruce , Rüegg Christian , Corboz Philippe , Mila Frederic 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
At the familiar liquid-gas phase transition in water, the density jumps discontinuously at atmospheric pressure, but the line of these first-order transitions defined by increasing pressures terminates at the critical point [1], a concept ubiquitous in statistical thermodynamics [2]. In correlated quantum materials, a critical point was predicted [3] and measured [4, 5] terminating the line of Mott metal-insulator transitions, which are also first-order with a discontinuous charge density. In quantum spin systems, continuous quantum phase transitions (QPTs) [6] have been investigated extensively [7-11], but discontinuous QPTs have received less attention. The frustrated quantum antiferromagnet SrCu2(BO3)2 constitutes a near-exact realization of the paradigmatic Shastry-Sutherland model [12-14] and displays exotic phenomena including magnetization plateaux [15], anomalous thermodynamics [16] and discontinuous QPTs [17]. We demonstrate by high-precision specific-heat measurements under pressure and applied magnetic field that, like water, the pressure-temperature phase diagram of SrCu2(BO3)2 has an Ising critical point terminating a first-order transition line, which separates phases with different densities of magnetic particles (triplets). We achieve a quantitative explanation of our data by detailed numerical calculations using newly-developed finite temperature tensor-network methods [16, 18-20]. These results open a new dimension in understanding the thermodynamics of quantum magnetic materials, where the anisotropic spin interactions producing topological properties [21, 22] for spintronic applications drive an increasing focus on first-order QPTs.
Barriers and Drivers to Stakeholder Engagement in Global Mental Health Projects
Authors: Murphy Jill , Qureshi Onaiza , Endale Tarik , Esponda Georgina Miguel , Pathare Soumitra , Eaton Julian , De Silva Mary , Ryan Grace 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Engagement with diverse stakeholders, including policy makers, care providers and end users, is essential for successful implementation of global mental health interventions. Despite being a fundamental factor in the implementation process, evidence about challenges and drivers to stakeholder engagement is limited in the global mental health literature. Methods: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with n=29 recipients of global Grand Challenges Canada Global Mental Health funding to assess barriers and drivers to global mental health implementation across a portfolio of Grand Challenges Canada-funded projects. We used framework analysis to identify key themes related to implementation barriers and facilitators. This paper reports on barriers and facilitators to stakeholder engagement, with results related to capacity development and service delivery reported elsewhere in this volume. Results: Barriers and drivers to stakeholder engagement were identified across four themes: 1) Contextual Considerations, 2) Resources, 3) Participation, Uptake and Empowerment, and 3) Stigma. While complex contextual challenges create barriers, mechanisms such as formative research can facilitate a deeper contextual understanding that supports effective implementation planning. Limited financial and human resources and competing priorities can lead to substantial challenges. Investing in and leveraging existing local resources and expertise can help to mitigate these barriers. The challenge of achieving active participation from stakeholders and diverging expectations about the nature of participation were identified as barriers, while providing opportunities for meaningful participation and empowerment acted as facilitators. Stigma at the institutional and individual level was also identified as a substantial barrier to engagement. Conclusion: Stakeholder engagement is critical to successful implementation of global mental health interventions, particularly for promoting scale-up and sustainability. The findings of this study are relevant to implementors in global mental health. They also have implications for global mental health funding agencies and policy organizations, who can support improved stakeholder engagement in several ways. Investing in high-quality formative research, supporting capacity building in methods such as integrated knowledge translation and participatory priority-setting, investing in longer-term funding schemes to support sustainable partnerships and scale-up and supporting researchers to build skills in policy engagement would help to foster successful engagement and thus support effective implementation of global mental health innovations.
Risk Assessment of Patients After ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction by Killip Classification: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Hashmi Kashif Ali , Adnan Fahar , Hashmi Atif Ali , Ali Javaria Parwez , Irfan Muhammad , Khan Amir , Edhi Muhammad M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Revalidation of Killip class in our local population is mandatory. We planned this study to increase cardiologist readiness to tackle the risks associated with increased mortality in each class post ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Objectives were to determine frequency of Killip class I, II, III, IV and in-hospital mortality in each Killip class in patients with left ventricle failure secondary to STEMI.Results: This cross-sectional Study was conducted in Department of Cardiology, Jinnah Hospital. Patients with STEMI were stratified using Killip Class and validation was performed by determining the within 15 days in-hospital mortality in each Killip class. Patients with chronic disease were excluded. The frequency (percentage) of patients with STEMI in each killip class from I to IV was 395 (81.4%), 46 (9.5%), 27(5.6%) and 17(3.5%) respectively while in-hospital mortality came out to be, 39 (9.8%), 4 (8.6%), 25 (92.5%), and 17(100%), in Killip class I, II, III and IV respectively. Presence of diabetes, history of smoking and BMI more than 30kg/m2 were significant contributor to mortality along with higher Killip class and age of presentation. It is concluded that Killip class is a valid tool for risk stratification for patients after STEMI.
Circular RNA circLMO7 acts as a microRNA-30a-3p sponge to promote gastric cancer progression via the WNT2/β-Catenin pathway
Authors: Cao Jiacheng , Zhang Xing , Xu Penghui , Wang Haixiao , Wang Sen , Zhang Lu , Li Zheng , Xie Li , Sun Guangli , Xia Yiwen , Lv Jialun , Yang Jing , Xu Zekuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Currently, the overall survival rate of GC is still unsatisfactory despite progress in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, studying the molecular mechanisms involved in GC is vital for diagnosis and treatment. CircRNAs, a type of noncoding RNA, have been proven to act as miRNA sponges that can widely regulate various cancers. By this mechanism, circRNA can regulate tumors at the genetic level by releasing miRNA from inhibiting its target genes. The WNT2/β-Catenin regulatory pathway is one of the canonical signaling pathways in tumors. It can not only promote the development of tumors but also provide energy for tumor growth through cell metabolism (such as glutamine metabolism).

Methods: Through RNA sequencing, we found that hsa_circ_0008259 (circLMO7) was highly expressed in GC tissues. After verifying the circular characteristics of circLMO7, we determined the downstream miRNA (miR-30a-3p) of circLMO7 by RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. We verified the effect of circLMO7 and miR-30a-3p on GC cells through a series of functional experiments, including colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine and Transwell assays. Through Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, we found that WNT2 was the downstream target gene of miR-30a-3p and further confirmed that the circLMO7-miR-30a-3p-WNT2 axis could promote the development of GC. In addition, measurement of related metabolites confirmed that this axis could also provide energy for the growth of GC cells through glutamine metabolism. We found that circLMO7 could promote the growth and metastasis of GC in vivo by the establishment of nude mouse models. Finally, we also demonstrated that HNRNPL could bind to the flanking introns of the circLMO7 exons to promote circLMO7 cyclization.

Results: CircLMO7 acted as a miR-30a-3p sponge affecting the WNT2/β-Catenin pathway to promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Moreover, animal results also showed that circLMO7 could promote GC growth and metastasis in vivo . CircLMO7 could also affect the glutamine metabolism of GC cells through the WNT2/β-Catenin pathway to promote its malignant biological function. In addition, we proved that HNRNPL could promote the self-cyclization of circLMO7.

Conclusions: CircLMO7 promotes the development of GC by releasing the inhibitory effect of miR-30a-3p on its target gene WNT2.
Differential Expression Analysis Using A Model-Based Gene Clustering Algorithm for RNA-Seq Data
Authors: Osabe Takayuki , Shimizu Kentaro , Kadota Koji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background RNA-seq is a tool for measuring gene expression and is commonly used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene clustering is used to classify DEGs with similar expression patterns for the subsequent analyses of data from experiments such as time-courses or multi-group comparisons. However, gene clustering has rarely been used for analyzing simple two-group data or differential expression (DE). In this study, we report a model-based clustering algorithm, MBCluster.Seq, that can be implemented using an R package for DE analysis.Results The input data originally used by MBCluster.Seq is DEGs, and the proposed method (called MBCdeg) uses all genes for the analysis. The method uses posterior probabilities of genes assigned to a cluster displaying non-DEG pattern for overall gene ranking. We compared the performance of MBCdeg with conventional R packages such as edgeR, DESeq2, and TCC that are specialized for DE analysis using simulated and real data. Our results showed that MBCdeg outperformed other methods when the proportion of DEG was less than 50%. However, the DEG identification using MBCdeg was less consistent than with conventional methods. We compared the effects of different normalization algorithms using MBCdeg, and performed an analysis using MBCdeg in combination with a robust normalization algorithm (called DEGES) that was not implemented in MBCluster.Seq. The new analysis method showed greater stability than using the original MBCdeg with the default normalization algorithm.Conclusions MBCdeg with DEGES normalization can be used in the identification of DEGs when the PDEG is relatively low. As the method is based on gene clustering, the DE result includes information on which expression pattern the gene belongs to. The new method may be useful for the analysis of time-course and multi-group data, where the classification of expression patterns is often required.
Analysis and forecast of COVID-19 spreading in India using Nonlinear curve fitting model with machine learning
Authors: Pandey Pawan , Katoch Vikas , Kumar Pawan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, an analysis and forecasting of Indian COVID-19 data is discussed by using scipy optimize curve fitting model of machine learning. We demonstrates the month wise analysis of coming cases, daily recovered cases, death cases and test cases conducted by the Government of India, of COVID-19 from 01st March 2020 to 02nd August 2020, and also forecast for the new cases, recover cases & death cases from 03rd August 2020 to 01st November 2020. Our study show that the total numbers of affected persons due to COVID-19 up to 01st November 2020 will be total cases 13,690,491, recover cases 10,499,593 and death of 129,271.
How can we help PhD students cope with mental health issues and drop-out? An extensive analysis of discourse.
Authors: Lemée Colin , Pierre Flores , Jeanne Boisselier , Guillard Mary , Wagner Vincent 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
There is a growing concern regarding the increase of the mental health problems among PhD students worldwide. This problem is worrying, and it remains a major issue for research teams and labs. However, the particularity of this environment has not been explored in consistent enough ways to provide a clear way forward for universities and health services to answer this problem. Therefore, we carried out a large online survey and collected 480 testimonies on health issues and work conditions from doctoral students and young doctors. Our aim was to identify levers and key factors for intervention. A lexicometric analysis of the discourse was carried out, using the Iramuteq package for R. Results highlight a need to intervene at different levels, in terms of instruction, prevention, care and follow-up to reduce mental health problems among PhD students. It also highlights the perceived importance of the university and feeling of belonging to a community as possible factors to reduce these problems and reduce drop out probability. More than anything, the study reveals that there are no differences in the discourse of doctoral students according to their field, which reveals the generality of these processes.
Intelligent Cybersecurity Services and Management: Concepts, AI-based Modeling, Research Issues and Directions
Authors: Sarker Iqbal H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the major technologies in this Fourth Industrial Revolution, which aims to function in an intelligent manner in various application domains, e.g., intelligent cybersecurity management. Popular AI techniques that include machine learning and deep learning methods, natural language processing, the concept of knowledge representation, and knowledge or rule-based expert systems, can be used to intelligently tackle today's diverse cybersecurity problems according to the needs. Based on these AI techniques, in this paper, we aim to present a comprehensive view on \textit{AI-driven cybersecurity} in terms of concepts, extracting security insights, and eventually security intelligence modeling that can play significant role to solve various cybersecurity tasks such as identifying malicious activities, predicting cyber-attacks, access control, intrusions or anomaly detection etc. Thus, the concept of AI-based security modeling could make the cybersecurity computing process more intelligent and automated than the traditional ones. Based on our study, finally, we highlight several \textit{research issues and future directions} within the area of AI-driven cybersecurity. Overall, the ultimate goal of this paper is to serve as a reference point and guidelines for the cybersecurity professionals as well as the researchers in this work domain, particularly from the technical point of view.
Case report - a cornea donor with a positive SARS-CoV-2 finding
Authors: Wille Diana , Heinzelmann rer. nat. Joana , Hofmann rer. nat. Nicola , Börgel Martin , Kehlen rer. nat. Astrid , Müller med. Anke , Viestenz Prof. Dr. med. Arne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The safety of the patient is the highest priority when providing a recipient with a tissue transplant. When screening a potential donor, the presence of infectious diseases is therefore also considered, which requires special attention in view of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Reliable test systems for the detection of the novel virus and its determination during all phases of infection are a prerequisite for a reliable statement on the risk of transmission of the virus through a corneal transplant. The case of a 70-year-old cornea donor with a positive SARS-CoV-2 result, which is documented here, demonstrates the difficulty of a meaningful donor test.
Hydrogen peroxide-assisted photocatalytic water treatment for the removal of anthropogenic trace substances from the effluent of wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Schnabel Tobias , Mehling Simon , Londong Jörg , Springer Christian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Supported titanium dioxide catalysts were used in a photocatalytic flat cell reactor to remove organic micropollutants from real wastewater. Catalysts based on stainless steel mesh with a porous coating made of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with predominantly anatase modification were used. The influence of the retention time, and light output, and the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the degradation were examined. The kinetics of the degradation of the parent substances was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. As a result, first-order degradation kinetics could be confirmed for all substances. The irradiance had no linear influence on the degradation of the compounds. Hydrogen peroxides were added to the wastewater to be treated, as electron acceptors and boosters, and alone had no great oxidative effect on the parent substances. The combination of photocatalysis with the addition of hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor had great synergetic effects which can reduce the required energy of the process through a short retention time. The process is suitable for the removal of micropollutants from wastewater.