bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAREY SEQUENCES MAP PLAYABLE NODES ON A STRING
Authors: Nicholson Thomas , Sabat Marc 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNatural harmonics, i.e. partials and their harmonic series, may be isolated on a vibrating string by lightly touching specific points along its length. In addition to the two endpoints, stationary nodes for a given partial n present themselves at n − 1 locations along the string, dividing it into n parts of equal length. It is not the case, however, that touching any one of these nodes will necessarily isolate the nth partial and its integer multiples. The subset of nodes that will activate the nth partial (termed playable nodes by the authors) may be derived by following a mathematically predictable pattern described by so-called Farey sequences. The authors derive properties of these sequences and connect them to physical phenomena. This article describes various musical applications: locating single natural harmonics, forming melodies of neighbouring harmonics, sounding multiphonic aggregates, as well as predicting the relative tuneability of just intervals.
Preliminary indications that the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up Intervention alters DNA methylation in maltreated children
Authors: Hoye Julie R. , Cheishvili David , Yarger Heather A. , Roth Tania L. , Szyf Moshe , Dozier Mary 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMaltreatment during development is associated with epigenetic changes to the genome. Enhancing caregiving may mitigate these effects. Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up (ABC) is an intervention that has been shown to improve parent–child relationships and a variety of biological and behavioral outcomes among children that are involved in Child Protective Services. This preliminary study, using a small sample size, explored whether children who received ABC exhibit different methylation patterns than those who received a control intervention. The participants included 23 children aged 6–21 months who were randomized to receive ABC (n = 12) or a control intervention (n = 11). While the children displayed similar methylation patterns preintervention, DNA methylation varied between the ABC and control groups at 14,828 sites postintervention. Functional pathway analyses indicated that these differences were associated with gene pathways that are involved in cell signaling, metabolism, and neuronal development. This study is one of the first to explore parenting intervention effects on children's DNA methylation at the whole genome level in infancy. These preliminary findings provide a basis for hypothesis generation in further research with larger-scale studies regarding the malleability of epigenetic states that are associated with maltreatment.
Psychische Gesundheitskompetenz am Arbeitsplatz
Authors: Wulf Ines Catharina , Ruhle Sascha Alexander 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung. Das Mental Health Literacy tool for the Workplace (MHL-W; Moll, Zanhour, Patten, Stuart & MacDermid, 2017 ) ist ein vignettenbasiertes Instrument mit 16 Items zur Messung psychischer Gesundheitskompetenz im Arbeitskontext. Nach der Übersetzung ins Deutsche sowie einer Anpassung der Vignetten anhand einer qualitativen Expertenbefragung, wurde das MHL-W-G an zwei deutschsprachigen Stichproben mit 122 Studierenden sowie 317 Berufstätigen hinsichtlich Reliabilität, Konstruktvalidität, Messinvarianz, Geschlechtereffekte und Faktorstruktur analysiert. Erstmalig wurde die Faktorenstruktur (EFA/CFA) des MHL-W-G untersucht: Im Gegensatz zu dem von Moll et al. (2017) ursprünglich angenommenen einfaktoriellen Modell zeigte ein Modell zweiter Ordnung eine deutlich bessere Passung. Weiterführende Analysen ergaben gute interne Konsistenzen und Intraklassenkorrelationen. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf Messinvarianz des MHL-W-G unabhängig vom Geschlecht hin. Insgesamt lassen die psychometrischen Eigenschaften den Schluss zu, dass mithilfe des MHL-W-G psychische Gesundheitskompetenz am Arbeitsplatz reliabel und valide erfasst werden kann.
Psychometrische Eigenschaften der deutschsprachigen Version des Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire
Authors: Pruessner Luise , Holt Daniel V. , Gölz Ruben , Sevcenko Natalia , Hofmann Stefan G. , Backenstrass Matthias 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung. Prozessen der Emotionsregulation wird in den letzten Jahren im Rahmen psychologischer Forschung große Bedeutung beigemessen. Während im Kontext dieser Forschung mehrere Fragebogen zur Erhebung von intrapersonellen Emotionsregulationsprozessen entwickelt und validiert wurden, gibt es nur wenige Messinstrumente zur Erfassung von Emotionsregulation in interpersonellen Kontexten. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde deshalb eine deutschsprachige Version des Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (IERQ) von Hofmann, Carpenter und Curtiss (2016) entwickelt und in 2 Stichproben mit N = 206 und N = 729 Probanden im Hinblick auf ihre psychometrischen Eigenschaften untersucht. Faktorenanalytisch konnte die dimensionale Struktur des englischsprachigen IERQ mit 4 Faktoren bestätigt werden. Cronbachs α-Werte lagen für die 4 ermittelten Skalen zwischen .81 und .91, für die Retest-Reliabilitäten ergaben sich Werte zwischen .72 und .74. Hinsichtlich der Validität zeigten sich sehr ähnliche Zusammenhänge zu Maßen der intrapersonellen Emotionsregulation, wie sie mit der Originalversion ermittelt wurden. In Bezug zu anderen Konstrukten wie z. B. Depressivität wichen die hier erhobenen Korrelationen von der englischsprachigen Version ab. Weitere Analysen zur konvergenten und diskriminanten Validität bestätigten jedoch die Güte des Instrumentes, sodass bei der deutschen Version des IERQ von einem reliablen und validen Instrument zur Erfassung Interpersoneller Emotionsregulation auszugehen ist.
Effects of the Sea Surface Roughness and Sea Spray‐Induced Flux Parameterization on the Simulations of a Tropical Cyclone
Authors: Prakash Kumar Ravi , Pant Vimlesh , Nigam Tanuja 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA tropical cyclone (TC) interacts with the ocean through the interchange of surface fluxes of heat and momentum at the air‐sea interface. The sustainability and intensification of TCs are maintained by the enhancement in the latent heat flux in the high wind speed regime. An accurate calculation of heat fluxes is vital to understand the dynamics of the TC. The sea surface roughness is a crucial parameter that modulates the air‐sea fluxes. A coupled ocean‐atmosphere‐wave model is used to simulate TC Vardah over the Bay of Bengal during 10–15 December 2016. The study focuses on the influence of sea surface roughness on the heat fluxes, track, and intensity of TC Vardah. Four numerical experiments are performed with different parameterization schemes for surface roughness on the basis of (i) frictional velocity (Charnock), (ii) wave age, (iii) wave steepness, and (iv) a combination of wave steepness and wave age. A change in ocean surface roughness results in the modification of the cyclone track and heat fluxes. However, the effect of sea spray on the simulation of wind intensity of TC Vardah is only marginal. Out of the four experiments, the wave age‐based roughness parameterization was found to improve cyclone track, wind, and, hence, the generation of wind waves on the sea surface. In the case study of TC Vardah, the dynamic sea spray reduces surface wind speed up to 1.5 m/s which is within the uncertainty range of the model. An intercomparison of model experiments reveals the impact of surface heat fluxes on the TC Vardha characteristics.
Kinematic Analyses and Radiometric Dating of the Large‐Scale Paleogene Two‐Phase Faulting Along the Median Tectonic Line, Southwest Japan
Authors: Kubota Y. , Takeshita T. , Yagi K. , Itaya T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Median Tectonic Line (MTL) in Southwest Japan, a major east‐west trending arc‐parallel fault, has been defined as the boundary fault between the Cretaceous Sambagawa metamorphic rocks and the Ryoke granitic and metamorphic rocks, which are unconformably covered by the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group. Based on the detailed fieldwork and microstructural studies of fault rocks, we reconstruct the kinematic history along the MTL during the Paleogene, which can be divided into the Ichinokawa and pre‐Tobe phases. While the Ichinokawa phase is defined by large‐scale, top‐to‐the‐north normal faulting, the pre‐Tobe phase is represented by large‐scale, high‐angle right‐stepping en échelon faults almost parallel to the MTL in the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group. We found that left‐handed en échelon folds have developed along the right‐stepping faults, which contain 25–60 m wide cataclasite and fault gouge. Both map scale en échelon folds and microstructures (e.g., composite planar structures) in the fault rocks suggest that they were formed by sinistral‐reverse faulting with top‐to‐the‐SW kinematics. Furthermore, based on the new K‐Ar age dating of authigenic illite from the fault gouge along the MTL and right‐stepping faults, it can be concluded that the MTL was activated in two discrete stages at approximately 59 Ma (Ichinokawa phase) and 47–46 Ma (pre‐Tobe phase). Based on these results, we reappraise the kinematic framework of the MTL in the Paleogene, which can be interpreted as the record of the movements of the subducting oceanic plate relative to the continental plate.
Sources and Radiative Absorption of Water‐Soluble Brown Carbon in the High Arctic Atmosphere
Authors: Yue Siyao , Bikkina Srinivas , Gao Meng , Barrie Leonard A. , Kawamura Kimitaka , Fu Pingqing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBrown carbon (BrC) is a source of light‐absorbing aerosols. The Arctic is more sensitive to emissions of light‐absorbing aerosols than lower latitudes. Knowledge of BrC in a historical period is beneficial to understand its role in a changing climate. Here, we present measurement of water‐soluble BrC (WS‐BrC) for the Arctic aerosols during late winter‐late spring in 1991. Mass absorption coefficient (0.07 ± 0.04 M/m) and efficiency (0.41 ± 0.21 m2/g) at 365 nm of WS‐BrC were lower than those in polluted urban and rural regions. WS‐BrC was mainly from biomass burning/combustion (dark winter to mid‐March) and marine sources connected with photochemical gas to particle conversion (after polar sunrise to June). Solar radiative absorption of WS‐BrC relative to elemental carbon was 5% on average in February to April and surged to 34% after mid‐May. This study helps in understanding the role of BrC in the Arctic climate.
Top‐Down Constraints on Methane Point Source Emissions From Animal Agriculture and Waste Based on New Airborne Measurements in the U.S. Upper Midwest
Authors: Yu Xueying , Millet Dylan B. , Wells Kelley C. , Griffis Timothy J. , Chen Xin , Baker John M. , Conley Stephen A. , Smith Mackenzie L. , Gvakharia Alexander , Kort Eric A. , Plant Genevieve , Wood Jeffrey D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAgriculture and waste are thought to account for half or more of the U.S. anthropogenic methane source. However, current bottom‐up inventories contain inherent uncertainties from extrapolating limited in situ measurements to larger scales. Here, we employ new airborne methane measurements over the U.S. Corn Belt and Upper Midwest, among the most intensive agricultural regions in the world, to quantify emissions from an array of key agriculture and waste point sources. Nine of the largest concentrated animal feeding operations in the region and two sugar processing plants were measured, with multiple revisits during summer (August 2017), winter (January 2018), and spring (May–June 2018). We compare the top‐down fluxes with state‐of‐science bottom‐up estimates informed by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency methodology and site‐level animal population and management practices. Top‐down point source emissions are consistent with bottom‐up estimates for beef concentrated animal feeding operations but moderately lower for dairies (by 37% on average) and significantly lower for sugar plants (by 80% on average). Swine facility results are more variable. The assumed bottom‐up seasonality for manure methane emissions is not apparent in the aircraft measurements, which may be due to on‐site management factors that are difficult to capture accurately in national‐scale inventories. If not properly accounted for, such seasonal disparities could lead to source misattribution in top‐down assessments of methane fluxes.
Macrophages in cardiac repair: Environmental cues and therapeutic strategies
Authors: de Couto Geoffrey 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMammals, in contrast to urodeles and teleost fish, lose the ability to regenerate their hearts soon after birth. Central to this regenerative response are cardiac macrophages, which comprise a heterogeneous population of cells with origins from the yolk sac, fetal liver, and bone marrow. These cardiac macrophages maintain residency in the myocardium through local proliferation and partial replacement over time by circulating monocytes. The intrinsic plasticity of cardiac macrophages in the adult heart promotes dynamic phenotypic changes in response to environmental cues, which may either protect against injury or promote maladaptive remodeling. Thus, therapeutic strategies promoting myocardial repair are warranted. Adult stromal cell-derived exosomes have shown therapeutic promise by skewing macrophages toward a cardioprotective phenotype. While several key exosomal non-coding RNA have been identified, additional factors responsible for cardiomyocyte proliferation remain to be elucidated. Here I review cardiac macrophages in development and following injury, unravel environmental cues modulating macrophage activation, and assess novel approaches for targeted delivery.
Tailored morphology and highly enhanced phonon transport in polymer fibers: a multiscale computational framework
Authors: Lin Shangchao , Cai Zhuangli , Wang Yang , Zhao Lingling , Zhai Chenxi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough tremendous efforts have been devoted to enhance thermal conductivity in polymer fibers, correlation between the thermal-drawing conditions and the resulting chain alignment, crystallinity, and phonon transport properties have remained obscure. Using a carefully trained coarse-grained force field, we systematically interrogate the thermal-drawing conditions of bulk polyethylene samples using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations. An optimal combination of moderate drawing temperature and strain rate is found to achieve highest degrees of chain alignment, crystallinity, and the resulting thermal conductivity. Such combination is rationalized by competing effects in viscoelastic relaxation and condensed to the Deborah number, a predictive metric for the thermal-drawing protocols, showing a delicate balance between stress localizations and chain diffusions. Upon tensile deformation, the thermal conductivity of amorphous polyethylene is enhanced to 80% of the theoretical limit, that is, its pure crystalline counterpart. An effective-medium-theory model, based on the serial-parallel heat conducting nature of semicrystalline polymers, is developed here to predict the impacts from both chain alignment and crystallinity on thermal conductivity. The enhancement in thermal conductivity is mainly attributed to the increases in the intrinsic phonon mean free path and the longitudinal group velocity. This work provides fundamental insights into the polymer thermal-drawing process and establishes a complete process–structure–property relationship for enhanced phonon transport in all-organic electronic devices and efficiency of polymeric heat dissipaters.
Acid-base adjustments and first evidence of denticle corrosion caused by ocean acidification conditions in a demersal shark species
Authors: Dziergwa Jacqueline , Singh Sarika , Bridges Christopher R. , Kerwath Sven E. , Enax Joachim , Auerswald Lutz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlobal ocean acidification is expected to chronically lower the pH to 7.3 (>2200 µatm seawater pCO2) by the year 2300. Acute hypercapnia already occurs along the South African west and south coasts due to upwelling- and low-oxygen events, with increasing frequency. In the present project we investigated the impact of hypercapnia on the endemic demersal shark species Haploblepharus edwardsii. Specifically, we experimentally analysed acid-base regulation during acute and chronic hypercapnia, the effects of chronic hypercapnia on growth rates and on denticle structure- and composition. While H. edwardsii are physiologically well adapted to acute and chronic hypercapnia, we observed, for the first time, denticle corrosion as a result of chronic exposure. We conclude that denticle corrosion could increase denticle turnover and compromise hydrodynamics and skin protection.
hsa_circ_0006459 and hsa_circ_0015962 affect prognosis of Dengue fever
Authors: He JinHua , Ming Yue , MinLi Yu , Han ZePing , Jiang JianWei , Zhou JiaBin , Dai BoYing , Lv YuBing , He Meng Ling , Fang Mao , Li YuGuang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCircular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) are widely expressed in human cells and play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Some circRNAs have microRNA (miRNA) binding response elements and interact with miRNA to regulate the expression of target genes.Four patients with a preliminary diagnosis of dengue fever (DF), peripheral whole blood sample in anticoagulant was collected before treatment (pretreatment group) and after effective treatment (posttreatment group), and eight samples were separated and used to screen differentially expressed circRNAs with microarray analysis. The relative expression level of circRNAs was determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). TargetScan v7.1 and miRDB v5 bioinformatics software were used to predict circRNA-binding miRNAs; dual luciferase reporters were constructed to detect binding between circRNA and miRNA. Microarray screening revealed 263 differentially expressed circRNAs in peripheral leukocytes pretreatment versus posttreatment; 107 of these were upregulated and 156 were downregulated. RT-PCR confirmed that hsa_circ_0015962 was significantly upregulated and hsa_circ_0006459 significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). Moreover, hsa_circ_0015962 binds to miR-4683, and hsa_circ_0006459 binds to miR-133b.Downregulation of hsa_circ_0006459 and upregulation of hsa_circ_0015962 affect the treatment response of DF and are potential biomarkers in DF patients. The molecular mechanism involves hsa_circ_0006459-mediated targeted negative regulation of miR-133b and hsa_circ_0015962-mediated targeted negative regulation of miR-4683.
Hepatitis C virus and risk of extrahepatic malignancies: a case-control study
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhang Yongxiang , Li Jun , Zhang Weihong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEpidemiological studies have demonstrated an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Therefore, we investigated the risk of extrahepatic malignancies associated with HCV infection. Inpatients diagnosed with lymphoma, breast, thyroid, kidney, or pancreatic cancer (research group, n = 17,925) as well as inpatients with no malignancies (control group, n = 16,580) matched by gender and age were enrolled from The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2008 and December 2016. A case-control study was conducted by retrospective analysis. The difference in HCV prevalence was analyzed between the research group and the control group. Also, the research group was compared to the 2006 National Hepatitis C sero-survey in China. A total of 86 cases were positive for anti-HCV in the research group. Compared with the control group (103 cases were anti-HCV positive), no significant associations between extrahepatic malignancies and HCV infection were observed. Meanwhile, compared to the 2006 National Hepatitis C sero-survey, we observed a significant association between the chronic lymphoma leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and HCV seropositivity in females in the research group aged 1–59 years old (OR = 14.69; 95% CI, 1.94–111.01). HCV infection had a potential association with CLL/SLL in females aged 1–59 years old. Our study did not confirm an association between HCV infection and the risk of extrahepatic malignancies. In regions with a low HCV prevalence, the association between HCV infection and extrahepatic malignancies needs further investigation.
Denitrification Aligns with N2 Fixation in Red Sea Corals
Authors: Tilstra Arjen , El-Khaled Yusuf C. , Roth Florian , Rädecker Nils , Pogoreutz Claudia , Voolstra Christian R. , Wild Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDenitrification may potentially alleviate excess nitrogen (N) availability in coral holobionts to maintain a favourable N to phosphorous ratio in the coral tissue. However, little is known about the abundance and activity of denitrifiers in the coral holobiont. The present study used the nirS marker gene as a proxy for denitrification potential along with measurements of denitrification rates in a comparative coral taxonomic framework from the Red Sea: Acropora hemprichii, Millepora dichotoma, and Pleuractis granulosa. Relative nirS gene copy numbers associated with the tissues of these common corals were assessed and compared with denitrification rates on the holobiont level. In addition, dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates, Symbiodiniaceae cell density, and oxygen evolution were assessed to provide an environmental context for denitrification. We found that relative abundances of the nirS gene were 16- and 17-fold higher in A. hemprichii compared to M. dichotoma and P. granulosa, respectively. In concordance, highest denitrification rates were measured in A. hemprichii, followed by M. dichotoma and P. granulosa. Denitrification rates were positively correlated with N2 fixation rates and Symbiodiniaceae cell densities. Our results suggest that denitrification may counterbalance the N input from N2 fixation in the coral holobiont, and we hypothesize that these processes may be limited by photosynthates released by the Symbiodiniaceae.
Prevalence of Dyslipidemia in Students from Han, Uygur, and Kazakh Ethnic Groups in a Medical University in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Abuzhalihan Jialin , Wang Yong-Tao , Adi Dilare , Ma Yi-Tong , Fu Zhen-Yan , Yang Yi-Ning , Ma Xiang , Li Xiao-Mei , Liu Fen , Chen Bang-Dang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the present study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in students from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang. It is an observational, cross-sectional study. The sample of 7096 students aged 21–25 years was randomly selected from the clinic of Xinjiang Medical University. Baseline data, serum concentration of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were reported. The prevalence of changes in lipid profile according to Body mass index (BMI) in three ethnic groups was calculated. Compared with Han and Uygur students, TC, LDL-C, TG and FPG levels were lower in kazakh sutdents, while HDL-C level was lower in Uygur students. The prevalence of high TC change was higher in Uygur students, and high LDL-C change was higher in Han students. The prevalence of low HDL-C change was higher in Uygur students, and high TG change was lower in Kazakh students. The prevalence of high TC, LDL-C, TG and low HDL-C changes was observed in normal weight, overweight and obesity groups according to the nutritional status by BMI among students of each ethnic group. The present study demonstrated the prevalence of dyslipidemia in students from different ethnic groups, and enriched the limited data on the early prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases in Xinjiang medical students crowd.