bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Myocardial Injury and Cardiovascular Outcomes of Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Thomas Sabu , Borges Flavia , Bhandari Mohit , De Beer Justin , Urrútia Cuchí Gerard , Adili Anthony , Winemaker Mitchell , Avram Victoria , Chan Matthew T.V. , Lamas Claudia , Cruz Patricia , Aguilera Xavier , Garutti Ignacio , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Villar Juan Carlos , Jacka Michael , Wang C.Y. , Berwanger Otavio , Chow Clara , Srinathan Sadeesh , Pettit Shirley , Heels-Ansdell Dianne , Rubery Paul , Devereaux P.J. ,   on behalf of the VISION Investigators
Published: March 2020

Background:
Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is common and of prognostic importance. Little is known about MINS in orthopaedic surgery. The diagnostic criterion for MINS was a level of ≥0.03 ng/mL on a non-high-sensitivity troponin T (TnT) assay due to myocardial ischemia.

Methods:
We undertook an international, prospective study of 15,103 patients ≥45 years of age who had inpatient noncardiac surgery; 3,092 underwent orthopaedic surgery. Non-high-sensitivity TnT assays were performed on postoperative days 0, 1, 2, and 3. Among orthopaedic patients, we determined (1) the prognostic relevance of the MINS diagnostic criteria, (2) the 30-day mortality rate for those with and without MINS, and (3) the probable proportion of MINS cases that would go undetected without troponin monitoring because of a lack of an ischemic symptom.

Results:
Three hundred and sixty-seven orthopaedic patients (11.9%) had MINS. MINS was associated independently with 30-day mortality including among those who had had orthopaedic surgery. Orthopaedic patients without and with MINS had a 30-day mortality rate of 1.0% and 9.8%, respectively (odds ratio [OR], 11.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.72 to 18.92). The 30-day mortality rate was increased for patients with MINS who had an ischemic feature (i.e., symptoms, or evidence of ischemia on electrocardiography or imaging) (OR, 18.25; 95% CI, 10.06 to 33.10) and for those who did not have an ischemic feature (OR, 7.35; 95% CI, 3.37 to 16.01). The proportion of orthopaedic patients with MINS who were asymptomatic and in whom the myocardial injury would have probably gone undetected without TnT monitoring was 81.3% (95% CI, 76.3% to 85.4%).

Conclusions:
One in 8 orthopaedic patients in our study had MINS, and MINS was associated with a higher mortality rate regardless of symptoms. Troponin levels should be measured after surgery in at-risk patients because most MINS cases (>80%) are asymptomatic and would go undetected without routine measurements.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Mini-Open Femoroacetabular Osteoplasty
Authors: Ceylan Hasan Huseyin , Vahedi Hamed , Azboy Ibrahim , Aali Rezaie Arash , Parvizi Javad 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been increasing over the past decade with reports of favorable results in alleviating patient symptoms. However, progression of osteoarthritis in these patients may necessitate total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of unresolved or recurrent hip pain and accompanying disability. Identifying the risk factors for disease progression and treatment failure can help orthopaedic surgeons to select the appropriate patients for joint-preservation procedures and allow more informative discussions.

Methods:
With use of the prospective database of hip-preservation surgery at our institution, 652 patients (324 men and 328 women) with FAI who had undergone femoroacetabular osteoplasty (FAO) between December 2004 and April 2016 were identified. Treatment failure was defined as the need for THA. At the latest follow-up, 68 (9.08%)of 749 hips had undergone THA because of the recurrence of symptoms and the development of osteoarthritis. The groups of patients who had or had not undergone conversion to THA were compared with respect to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), surgeon experience, duration of preoperative symptoms, preoperative and postoperative alpha angles, radiographic parameters of hip dysplasia, a perioperative chondral lesion, labral abnormalities and interventions, acetabular retroversion, and severity of osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade).

Results:
The mean age (and standard deviation) at the time of the index FAO was 41.9 ± 10.5 years for patients who had had a failure of FAO, compared with 33.4 ± 11.1 years for those who had not. Risk factors for treatment failure included a longer mean symptomatic period before the FAO procedure, older age, higher mean BMI, the presence of hip dysplasia, acetabular retroversion, higher preoperative alpha angle, a full-thickness acetabular chondral lesion, Tönnis grade-1 and 2 osteoarthritis, labral hypertrophy, and total labral resection during FAO. The rate of failure was related to the experience of the surgeon, with fewer failures occurring in the later years of surgery as compared with the earlier years.

Conclusions:
The present study identified a number of variables that influence the outcome of FAO. Surgeons performing hip-preservation procedures should be aware of these risk factors for failure, and a more cautious approach is recommended for patients with these risk factors.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Acute Presentation of a Pseudoaneurysm After a Proximal Humerus Shaft Fracture
Authors: Manzano Givenchy , Brown Corina , Harth Karem , Ochenjele George 
Published: March 2020

Case:
A 69-year-old woman presented with a brachial artery pseudoaneurysm causing median, ulnar, and radial nerve compressive neuropathies 8 weeks after a proximal humerus shaft fracture treated with intramedullary nailing. She underwent a brachial artery bypass with a reverse cephalic vein interposition graft and neurolysis after decompression of a large pseudoaneurysm. Postoperatively, the patient had a normal vascular examination with recovering neurological function.

Conclusions:
A high index of suspicion for a brachial artery pseudoaneurysm should be maintained in patients with a displaced proximal humerus shaft fracture, particularly when an abnormal neurovascular examination is present.
Iatrogenic Tibia Fracture from an “Errant” Traction Pin Placement Resulting in a Cortical Defect
Authors: Berdis Galen , Singh Vishavpreet , Day James B. 
Published: March 2020

Case:
A 78-year-old women presented with a closed left midshaft femur fracture after sustaining a fall from standing height and underwent proximal tibial traction pin placement. After subsequent intramedullary nailing of femur fracture, the patient returned 2 months later with a proximal tibia fracture through the unicortical defect left from the traction pin site and underwent successful intramedullary nailing of the tibia.

Conclusion:
Errant anteriorly placed proximal tibial traction pins pass tangentially across the vertex of the tibia and create residual unicortical defects that may increase the risk for late iatrogenic pin site fractures.
Necrotizing Fasciitis in a Patient on Long-Term Intramuscular Interferon-Beta for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: McDaniel Claire , Trankiem Christine 
Published: March 2020

Case:
Immunomodulatory injections are becoming common long-term treatments for neuromuscular diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), although they carry a risk of local site infection. We describe a case of a 57-year-old man who developed necrotizing fasciitis of the anterior thigh secondary to intramuscular (IM) injections of interferon-beta-1A for MS, ultimately developing septic shock and requiring serial debridements for source control.

Conclusions:
This is the first reported case of necrotizing fasciitis from chronic IM injections for MS and deserves particular attention because of the immunosuppressive nature of the injections. In patients with underlying predisposing factors for infection, such as decubitus ulcers, it may be prudent to reconsider the administration route. Patients in hypermetabolic states should be closely monitored for impaired response to infections.
Resolution of Preoperative Peroneal Nerve Palsy After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Morrissey Patrick J. , Kavolous Joseph J. , Brick Gregory W. 
Published: March 2020

Case:We present the case of a 71-year-old man with right knee osteoarthritis (OA) and a varus deformity who developed a progressive common peroneal nerve palsy that resolved after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). After decades of knee pain, the patient gradually developed a foot drop as well as numbness and paresthesias over the foot dorsum during the course of 1 month. The patient underwent TKA and within 6 weeks postoperatively had complete resolution of the peroneal nerve symptoms.Conclusion:A progressive common peroneal palsy in advanced varus knee OA may resolve after a properly aligned TKA without nerve decompression.
Evaluation of Some Trace Elements Pollution in Sediments of the Tigris River in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Et al. Issa 
Published: March 2020

The main objectives of present study are to evaluate the trace elements pollution in the sediment of the Tigris River and drainage canals in Wasit Governorate, Iraq. Assessment of trace elements pollutants were conducted for 18 sediment samples collected in March 2017. Trace elements were analyzed in sediment Tigris River samples in Wasit Governorate. This metal pollution was evaluated using geo-accumulation (I-geo) index, Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). According to these statistical indices, the sediments collected from Tigris River in the study area are highly polluted with Titanium (71.9 ppm), Nickel (226.6 ppm) Chromium (425.2 ppm), Cadmium (2ppm) and Molybdenum (15.8 ppm) while the sediments were moderately polluted with Cobalt (25.1 ppm), Strontium (839.3 ppm), Copper (56.2), Manganese (106.1ppm), Vanadium (135 ppm), Niobium (9.79 ppm). However, the sediments of the Tigris River is not polluted by Lead, Barium, Gallium, Rubidium and, Zinc. Metals concentration levels in the sediments of the drainage canals that discharged into the Tigris River showed higher concentrations than the Tigris sediments in Ta, V, Ni, Cu, Ga, Br, Sr and Mo.
Identification of Downhole Conditions in Sucker Rod Pumped Wells Using Deep Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms (includes associated discussion)
Authors: Abdalla Ramez , El Ela Mahmoud Abu , El-Banbi Ahmed 
Published: March 2020

Summary
In this paper, deep learning artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to analyze the features of downhole dynamometer cards and identify the sucker rod pumping system conditions. A description model for the dynamometer cards, using Fourier descriptors, was established for card feature extraction. Then, neural networks were trained to generate failure prediction models to recognize downhole faults of the rod pumping systems. The failure prediction models were validated and tested with a large database of previously interpreted cards.
The proposed model is trained by using 4,467 dynamometer cards—29.2% of these cards represent sucker rod pumping systems of normal conditions, while the rest (70.8%) represent faulty sucker rod pumping systems. Genetic algorithms (GAs) were used to search for the best deep ANN structure that gives highest accuracy for the testing data. Accuracy of the proposed ANN model was measured with 1,915 cards that were not used in developing the ANN. The proposed model identified the sucker rod system failure successfully with very high accuracy (99.69%).
Music to improve sleep quality in adults with depression related insomnia (MUSTAFI): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lund Helle Nystrup , Pedersen Inge Nygaard , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Heymann-Szlachcinska Agnieszka Maria , Tuszewska Maryla , Bizik Gustav , Larsen Jens Ivar , Kulhay Eszter , Larsen Anelia , Grønbech Bettina Ellen , Østermark Helle , Borup Heidi , Valentin Jan Brink , Mainz Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Insomnia is a common sleep disorder for adults with depression with major impact on the quality of life. Previous trials suggest that music listening may be helpful in the treatment of sleep disturbances in healthy populations including students and elderly. In addition, small studies with clinical populations of traumatized refugees, adults with chronic insomnia and adults with depression insomnia add to the evidence base. However, the impact of music listening in the treatment of depression related insomnia is not well documented. Objective To examine the efficacy of music listening on sleep quality, symptoms of depression and quality of life in adults with depression related insomnia. Method A single center randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a two arm parallel group design is conducted and reported according to the Consort guidelines. The trial consists of an experimental group and a standard care control group. Both groups receive standard treatment for depression following Danish guidelines in an outpatient unit in psychiatry. The experimental group listen to music minimum 30 minutes at bedtime in four weeks. Discussion This study will provide information on the efficacy of music intervention as a non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of depression related insomnia. This study will provide novel knowledge concerning music medicine as an evidence based treatment of depression in psychiatry. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov. ID NCT03676491, registered on 19th of September 2018. Keywords: Music, insomnia, depression, sleep
Characterisation of the gut microbial community of rhesus macaques in high-altitude environments
Authors: Wu Yuhan , Yao Yongfang , Dong Mengmeng , Xia Tianrui , Li Diyan , Xie Meng , Wu Jiayun , Wen Anxiang , Wang Qin , Zhu Guangxiang , Ni Qingyong , Zhang Mingwang , Xu Huailiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The mammal intestinal microbiota is involved in various physiological processes and plays a key role in host environment adaption. However, for non-human primates (NHPs), little is known about their gut microbial community in high-altitude environments and even less about their adaption to such habitats. We characterised the gut microbial community of rhesus macaques from multiple high-altitude environments and compared it to those of low-altitude populations.
Results: We collected faecal samples of rhesus macaques from four high-altitude populations (above 3,000 m) and three low-altitude populations (below 500 m). By calculating the alpha diversity index, we found that high-altitude populations exhibited a higher diversity. Statistical analysis of beta diversity indicated significant differences between high- and low-altitude populations. Significant differences were also detected at the phylum and family levels. At the phylum level, the high-altitude gut microbial community was dominated by Firmicutes (63.42%), while at low altitudes, it was dominated by Bacteroidetes (47.4%). At the family level, the high-altitude population was dominated by Ruminococcaceae (36.2%), while the low-altitude one was dominated by Prevotellaceae (39.6%). Some families, such as Christensenellaceae and Rikenellaceae, were consistently higher abundant in all high-altitude populations. We analysed the overlap of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in high-altitude populations and determined their core OTUs (shared by all four high-altitude populations). However, when compared with the low-altitude core OTUs, only 65% were shared, suggesting a divergence in core OTUs. Function prediction indicated a significant difference in gene copy number of 35 level-2 pathways between high- and low-altitude populations; 29 of them were higher in high altitudes, especially in membrane transport and carbohydrate metabolism.
Conclusions: The gut microbial community of high-altitude rhesus macaques was significantly distinct from that of low-altitude populations in terms of diversity, composition and function. High-altitude populations were dominated by Firmicutes and Ruminococcace, while in low-altitude populations, Bacteroidetes and Prevotellaceae were dominant. The difference in gut microbiota between these two populations may be caused by differences in host diet, environmental temperature and oxygen pressure. These differentiated gut microbial microorganisms may play a critical role in the adaptive evolution of rhesus macaques to high-altitude environments.
How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A Concept Mapping study on Barcelona “Employment in the Neighbourhoods”
Authors: Puig-Barrachina Vanessa , Malmusi Davide , Artazcoz Lucía , Bartoll Xavier , Clotet Eva , Cortés-Franch Imma , Ventura Lorena , Daban Ferran , Díez Èlia , Borrell Carme 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The “Employment in the neighbourhoods” program is an innovative, tailor-made Active Labour Market Program that has been implemented in 12 neighbourhoods in Barcelona (Spain). Its goal is to get people from deprived, high-unemployment neighbourhoods back to work. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the program on participants’ quality of life, and identify the mechanisms underlying these effects, according to their own perception and the perception of technical staff who assisted them.
Methods: We used Concept Mapping, a mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, to develop a conceptual map of the participants’ and technical staffs’ perceptions about changes in the participants’ quality of life. Data collection occurred within the generation and structuring steps where participants brainstormed answers to a focus question, and then rated and sorted the responses. To create maps, we used Concept Systems Incorporated software, which conducted two main forms of analysis, a multidimensional scaling analysis, and a hierarchical cluster analysis.
Results: Study participants reported several positive effects on mental health and emotional wellbeing, including self-esteem and empowerment, and considered that this was achieved through strengthened social networks, skills acquisition, emotional coaching, and personalized technical assistance. They also described some negative impacts, mainly related to the labour market situation. We observed marked gender differences in the discourses of program participants.
Conclusions: The results obtained have allowed us to identify different perceived effects and mechanisms by which the “Employment in the Neighbourhoods” Active Labour Market Programme can influence quality of life of participants from the most deprived areas of Barcelona.
Keywords
Active labour market programs, unemployment, Barcelona City (Spain), deprived neighbourhoods, gender, quality of life, concept mapping.
Barriers of effective health insurance coverage for rural-to-urban migrant workers in China: A systematic review and policy gap analysis
Authors: Chen Shanquan , Chen Yingyao , Feng Zhanchun , Chen Xi , Wang Zheng , Zhu Jianfeng , Jin Jun , Yao Qiang , Xiang Li , Yao Lan , Sun Ju , Zhao Lu , Fung Hong , Wong Eliza Lai-yi , dong dong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: More than 90% of the Chinese population was covered by its three basic social health insurances. However, the Chinese rural-to-urban migrant workers (RUMWs), accounting for about one-fifth of China’s total population, seem to be put on a disadvantaged position under the current health insurance schemes. The purpose of this study is to identify the current barriers and to provide policy suggestions to the ineffective health insurance coverage of RUMWs in China.
Methods: A systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The searched databases included PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Maternity and Infant Care Database MIDIRS, the Cochrane Library, WHO Library Database (WHOLIS), WHO Global Health Library, World Bank eLibrary, OpenGrey, CNKI, and Wanfang. In total, 70 articles were reviewed.
Results: (1) Chinese RUMWs have high work mobility and low job stability; (2) Barriers faced by RUMWs in obtaining effective health insurance coverage are primarily due to the reluctance of employers to provide insurance for all employees and the disadvantaged position held by RUMWs when negotiating with their employers; (3) Fissures among existing health insurance schemes leaves no room for RUMWs to meet their primary needs; and (4) Recent efforts in improving the portability and transferability of insurance across borders and schemes are not enough to solve the barriers.
Conclusion: It is argued that the Chinese central government must deal with the fragmentation of healthcare system in China and promote effective coverage by: (1) playing a more active role in coordinating different healthcare and social welfare schemes across the country, (2) increasing the health insurance portability, (3) making the healthcare policies more compatible with RUMW’s characteristics to meet their primary health needs, (4) strengthening supervision of employers, and (5) providing more vocational training and other support to increase RUMW’s job stability.
Laparoscopic orchiopexy of palpable undescended testes_ experience of a single tertiary institution with over 773 cases
Authors: You Jia , Li Gang , Li Shuang , Chen Haitao , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Discuss the superiority of laparoscopic orchiopexy in the treatment of inguinal palpable undescended testes. Methods Inclusion criteria: Preoperative examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed that the testes were located in the inguinal canal and could not be pulled into the scrotum, except for retractive and ectopic testes. The surgical steps were depicted as follow. The retroperitoneal wall was carved by ultrasonic scalpels, separates the spermatic vessels closed to the inferior pole of the kidney if necessary, dissects the peritoneum of vas deferens, cuts the testicular gubernaculum, and pulls back the testicle into the abdominal cavity. Besides, protect the vas deferens, and descend the testes to the scrotum and fix them without tension. Results There were 773 patients with 869 inguinal undescended palpable testes, 218 cases on the left side, 459 cases on the right side and 96 cases with bilateral undescended testes, whose age ranged from 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 20 months. All testes were successfully operated, no converted to open surgery. The average operation time was (34.8 ± 5.4) min. There were 692 testes have an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis (89.5%); In 677 cases of unilateral cryptorchidism, 233 cases (34.4%) have a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure the hernia sac carry out during the surgery. There was no subcutaneous emphysema during the operation, no vomiting, no abdominal distension, no wound bleeding and obvious pain after surgery, especially wound infection is rarely. Doppler ultrasound was evaluated regularly after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. All the testes were located in the scrotum without testicular retraction and atrophy. No inguinal hernia or hydrocele was found in follow-up examination. Conclusion Laparoscopic orchiopexy manage inguinal palpable cryptorchidism is safe and effective, and there are obvious minimally invasive advantages. Furthermore, It could discover a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and treat at the same time, which avoid the occurrence of metachronous inguinal hernia.