bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic consequences of parenting a child with cancer for fathers and mothers in Sweden: A population‐based difference‐in‐difference study
Authors: Öhman Mattias , Woodford Joanne , von Essen Louise 
Published: December 2020

AbstractParents are the primary source of support for children with cancer. To inform clinical practice and health policies, the socioeconomic consequences of childhood cancer for fathers and mothers in Sweden were investigated. A total of 3865 mothers and 3865 fathers of 3865 children diagnosed with cancer in Sweden when 0 to 18 years were followed for 5 years before and 10 years after diagnosis. Socioeconomic consequences of the cancer diagnosis on earnings and employment, and mental health (number of inpatient diagnoses), were investigated exploiting variation in timing of cancer diagnosis. Data were obtained from the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry, Intergenerational Registry and Inpatient Registry. Childhood cancer has a negative short‐term effect on fathers' and mothers' earnings; a negative long‐term effect on fathers' earnings; a positive long‐term effect on mothers' earnings; negative short‐ and long‐term effects on fathers' and mothers' employment; and no effect on the number of inpatient diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders for fathers or mothers. Taken together, findings show that in Sweden childhood cancer has negative effects on parents' employment, a more negative impact on fathers' than mothers' earnings and no effect on inpatient diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders. Future research should explore mechanisms possibly explaining, for example, mental health, social support and priorities regarding work and private life potentially resulting in changes from full‐time to part‐time work or vice versa. The novel findings should change clinical practice and help inform health policies for parents of children with cancer in Sweden and countries with a similar health and welfare system.
Association of prednisone and antinuclear antibodies with pregnancy outcomes in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Sun Si , Li Congcong , Kou Xi , Chen Chao , Guo Feng , Zhao Aimin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic role of prednisone in patients having unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) with positivity of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and the relationship between ANA titers, prednisone, and pregnancy outcomes.MethodsWe included 202 women diagnosed as having URPL with positive ANA at titer of 1:80 or more. Among them, 159 patients receiving prednisone plus aspirin were included as group PA and the remaining 43 patients prescribed aspirin only served as group A. Live birth rates were considered as the primary outcome. Incidence rates of pregnancy complications and outcomes of the newborns were also compared. Additionally, the association between live birth and major clinical variables was studied.ResultsLive birth rates were comparable between the two groups (93.1% versus 83.7%, P = 0.107). No significant differences were observed regarding the incidence rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes, other pregnancy complications and the fetal outcomes. Alteration of ANA titers after pregnancy compared with pre‐conception results was the only significant variable associated with live birth.ConclusionPrednisone plus aspirin did not show improved therapeutic effects over aspirin alone in URPL patients with positive ANA. Variation of ANA titers was found to be a prognostic indicator of pregnancy outcomes in these patients.
Assessing ICD‐11 personality trait domain qualifiers with the MMPI‐2‐RF
Authors: Anderson Jaime L. , Sellbom Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined the utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐2‐Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF) in assessing ICD‐11 personality psychopathology trait domain qualifiers.MethodUsing a community sample (N = 217) weighted for externalizing dysfunction, this study evaluated the convergence between ICD‐11 trait domains as measured by the personality inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5) with hypothesized MMPI‐2‐RF scales. Particular emphasis was placed on evaluating the convergence between the ICD‐11 trait domain qualifiers and the MMPI‐2‐RF personality psychopathology‐5 (PSY‐5) scales, as the latter are meant to represent broadband domains of personality pathology.ResultsCorrelation and regression analyses demonstrated expected associations between ICD‐11 domains and conceptually expected MMPI‐2‐RF scales, with some minor exceptions. Notably, the Anankastia domain showed associations with scales assessing negative affect, but did not show expected negative associations with scales related to disinhibition.ConclusionsThe findings generally supported the use of the MMPI‐2‐RF in assessing individual expressions of personality dysfunction from the ICD‐11 trait domain qualifier perspective.
Multiple vulnerabilities: The effects of neighborhood structural changes upon older residents' mental health and perceptions of the broader community
Authors: Settels Jason 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNeighborhoods' structural conditions are consequential for their social circumstances and residents' well‐being. Neighborhood effects might be accentuated among older residents because their daily activities and social lives are more confined to their immediate communities. This study examines how changing neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage affects older residents' depression and stress, as well as perceptions of neighborhood context. This study employed waves 2 (2010–2011) and 3 (2015–2016) of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project survey (N = 2357) and fixed‐effects linear regression models to study these relationships. While rising neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with more depression and stress, it was negatively associated with overall neighborhood social capital and neighborhood social cohesion, and was only associated with lower perceptions of neighborhood safety among respondents who relocated to new neighborhoods. Beyond cross‐sectional associations, changing neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with changes in mental health and perceptions of neighborhood social context.
Optimization of biogas production through anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste: a case study in the capital area of Reykjavik, Iceland
Authors: Llano Tamara , Arce Carlos , Finger David C 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiogas is a valuable carbon‐free renewable energy source that can be produced from anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Accordingly, biogas production is promoted worldwide in efforts to reduce carbon emissions and optimize the recovery of resources from waste streams. In this paper the biogas production from bioresidues collected in the capital area of Reykjavik was modelled in Aspen Plus v10.RESULTSMunicipal solid waste (MSW), food waste (FW) and lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) were the feedstocks used in this research. A total of 16 scenarios were simulated at thermophilic temperature conditions of 55 °C. Each scenario accounted for different inlet mass flows, varying the kind of feedstock, i.e. MSW, FW, LCB, or co‐digestion of various feedstocks, using two model approaches: (i) one digestion stage and (ii) two stages coupled in series. Sizing, costing and environmental aspects were analysed for all the scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was carried out by changing the substrate concentration and studying its effect on the methane mass flow. Simulations showed biogas yields measured in millilitres per gram of volatile solids (VS) in the range 305.5–406.4 mL g−1 VS (single‐stage approach); and biogas yields ranging from 64.78 to 358.8 mL g−1 VS (two‐stage approach). Maximum methane yields were obtained using LCB as feedstock resulting in 106.0 mL g−1 VS.CONCLUSIONSFrom a technical viewpoint the highest biogas yield is obtained when using MSW whereas optimum calorific value of biogas and electrical power potential is achieved working in co‐digestion of various feedstocks. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Pharmacological inhibition of syntenin PDZ2 domain impairs breast cancer cell activities and exosome loading with syndecan and EpCAM cargo
Authors: Leblanc R. , Kashyap R. , Barral K. , Egea‐Jimenez A.L. , Kovalskyy D. , Feracci M. , Garcia M. , Derviaux C. , Betzi S. , Ghossoub R. , Platonov M. , Roche P. , Morelli X. , Hoffer L. , Zimmermann Pascale 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExosomes support cell‐to‐cell communication in physiology and disease, including cancer. We currently lack tools, such as small chemicals, capable of modifying exosome composition and activity in a specific manner. Building on our previous understanding of how syntenin, and its PDZ partner syndecan (SDC), impact on exosome composition we optimized a small chemical compound targeting the PDZ2 domain of syntenin. In vitro , in tests on MCF‐7 breast carcinoma cells, this compound is non‐toxic and impairs cell proliferation, migration and primary sphere formation. It does not affect the size or the number of secreted particles, yet it decreases the amounts of exosomal syntenin, ALIX and SDC4 while leaving other exosomal markers unaffected. Interestingly, it also blocks the sorting of EpCAM, a bona fide target used for carcinoma exosome immunocapture. Our study highlights the first characterization of a small pharmacological inhibitor of the syntenin‐exosomal pathway, of potential interest for exosome research and oncology.
Intersectional targeting of defined neural circuits by adeno‐associated virus vectors
Authors: Weinholtz Chase A. , Castle Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe mammalian nervous system is a complex network of interconnected cells. We review emerging techniques that use the axonal transport of adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors to dissect neural circuits. These intersectional approaches specifically target AAV‐mediated gene expression to discrete neuron populations based on their axonal connectivity, including: (a) neurons with one defined output, (b) neurons with one defined input, (c) neurons with one defined input and one defined output, and (d) neurons with two defined inputs or outputs. The number of labeled neurons can be directly controlled to trace axonal projections and examine cellular morphology. These approaches can precisely target the expression of fluorescent reporters, optogenetic ion channels, chemogenetic receptors, disease‐associated proteins, and other factors to defined neural circuits in mammals ranging from mice to macaques, and thereby provide a powerful new means to understand the structure and function of the nervous system.
Effects of different processing steps on the flavor and colloidal properties of cloudy apple juice
Authors: Zhu Danshi , Kou Chengcheng , Shen Yusi , Xi Pushun , Cao Xuehui , Liu He , Li Jianrong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlavor loss is a common problem when manufacturing apple juice and is closely related to the properties of the colloidal pectin particles in cloudy juice. The flavor changes and particle properties of three varieties of apple juice (‘Ralls’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’) during processing were investigated.RESULTSCompared with manually pressed juice, juice made by industrial pulping and filtration contained larger particles, resulting in the ‘sweet and sour’ taste of the juice being relatively weak and the diversity of aromas narrower, as determined by E‐nose analysis. Pulping and filtration, however, released some important flavor esters, such as butyl butyrate, hexyl‐2‐methyl butyrate, and hexyl butyrate. The transformation of volatile compounds during apple juice processing was closely related to the apple cultivar but, in all three varieties, the content of 1‐hexanal and (E)‐2‐hexenal in the juice gradually decreased during processing. Pectinase treatment reduced the colloid particle size and increased the ζ‐potential of the juice, resulting in better uniformity and stability, as well as increasing the content of nonanal. After pasteurization, the colloidal particles tended to aggregate and the ζ‐potential decreased. Many volatile compounds decreased in concentration or disappeared after heat treatment.CONCLUSIONThe flavor and colloidal properties of cloudy apple juice changed markedly during processing and the effect of each processing step was different. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Risk Factors for Postextubation Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: McIntyre Melanie , Chimunda Timothy , Koppa Mayank , Dalton Nathan , Reinders Hannah , Doeltgen Sebastian 
Published: December 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify, describe, and where possible meaningfully synthesize the reported risk factors for postextubation dysphagia (PED) in critically ill patients.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic search of peer‐reviewed and grey literature was conducted in common scientific databases to identify previously evaluated risk factors of PED. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment used a double‐blind approach. Random effects models were used for the meta‐analyses. Meta‐analyses were conducted where sufficient study numbers allowed after accounting for statistical and clinical heterogeneity.ResultsTwenty‐five studies were included, which investigated a total of 150 potential risk factors. Of these, 63 risk factors were previously identified by at least one study each as significantly increasing the risk of PED. After accounting for clinical and statistical heterogeneity, only two risk factors were suitable for meta‐analysis, gender, and duration of intubation. In separate meta‐analyses, neither gender (RR 1.00 [0.71, 1.43], I2 = 0%) nor duration of intubation (RR 1.54 [−0.40, 3.49], I2 = 0%) were significant predictors of PED.ConclusionsA large number of risk factors for PED have been reported in the literature. However, significant variability in swallowing assessment methods, patient populations, timing of assessment, and duration of intubation prevented meaningful meta‐analyses for the majority of these risk factors. Where meta‐analysis was possible, gender and duration of intubation were not identified as risk factors for PED. We discuss future directions in clinical and research contexts. Laryngoscope, 132:364–374, 2022
Impact of different cropping systems on the land nutrient index, microbial diversity, and soil quality
Authors: Singh Shiv Ram , Yadav Poonam , Singh Dinesh , Bahadur Lal , Singh Satyendra P. , Yadav Ambreesh S. , Mishra Aradhana , Yadav Pushpendra P.S. , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the last two decades, the productivity of the rice–wheat growing system (RWGS) in the upper Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India has come to a plateau, and, as a result, farmers are now shifting to other crop growing systems (cropping sysytems) to achieve a higher net productivity. Inclusion of other cropping systems in place of the rice–wheat system affects overall crop productivity; however, there is dearth of information with respect to nutrient index (NI), microbial diversity, and soil quality. This study was carried out to assess how NI, microbial diversity, and soil quality changed after replacement of rice–wheat by a vegetable growing system (VGS), pulse growing system (PGS), potato growing system (PoGS), and a mustard growing system (MGS). An analysis of 307 soil samples from these crop growing systems revealed a soil pH range of 6.58–8.87 with 75.3% soils falling within the low category of mineralized N, and low NI (<1.67). The highest NI, enzymatic activity, and microbial diversity was recorded under PGS, which restored 34.2, 24.1, and 10.2% greater soil organic carbon (SOC) than other systems, and had a better carbon substrate oxidation rateand mineralized N than PoGS. The diversity indices peaked under PGS followed by VGS due to greater SOC, mineralized N, higher microbial counts, and more soil enzymes. Among the different crop growing systems the soil quality index (SQI) ranged from 0.647 (for PoGS) to 0.783 (for VGS) . The silt content, SOC, Zn, TN, acid phosphatase activity, available P, and total culturable fungi were the key soil indicators across all the crop growing systems. SOC is the most important and viable indicator for all the crop growing systems that affected microbial dynamics and soil quality. The greater SQI under VGS was due to the addition of organic manure and augmented SOC, P, and Zn availability. In contrast, the highest microbial and enzymatic activities, and functional diversity was recorded under PGS mainly due to greater edaphic variables. It is concluded that the pulse growing system (PGS) is the best for maintaining higher NI, and improving microbial and functional diversity.
Joint affine and deformable three‐dimensional networks for brain MRI registration
Authors: Zhu Zhenyu , Cao Yiqin , Qin Chenchen , Rao Yi , Lin Di , Dou Qi , Ni Dong , Wang Yi 
Published: December 2020

PurposeVolumetric medical image registration has important clinical significance. Traditional registration methods may be time‐consuming when processing large volumetric data due to their iterative optimizations. In contrast, existing deep learning‐based networks can obtain the registration quickly. However, most of them require independent rigid alignment before deformable registration; these two steps are often performed separately and cannot be end‐to‐end.MethodsWe propose an end‐to‐end joint affine and deformable network for three‐dimensional (3D) medical image registration. The proposed network combines two deformation methods; the first one is for obtaining affine alignment and the second one is a deformable subnetwork for achieving the nonrigid registration. The parameters of the two subnetworks are shared. The global and local similarity measures are used as loss functions for the two subnetworks, respectively. Moreover, an anatomical similarity loss is devised to weakly supervise the training of the whole registration network. Finally, the trained network can perform deformable registration in one forward pass.ResultsThe efficacy of our network was extensively evaluated on three public brain MRI datasets including Mindboggle101, LPBA40, and IXI. Experimental results demonstrate our network consistently outperformed several state‐of‐the‐art methods with respect to the metrics of Dice index (DSC), Hausdorff distance (HD), and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD).ConclusionsThe proposed network provides accurate and robust volumetric registration without any pre‐alignment requirement, which facilitates the end‐to‐end deformable registration.
Individuals with schizophrenia who act violently towards others profit unequally from inpatient treatment—Identifying subgroups by latent class analysis
Authors: Kirchebner Johannes , Lau Steffen , Kling Sabine , Sonnweber Martina , Günther Moritz Philipp 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople with schizophrenia show a higher risk of committing violent offenses. Previous studies indicate that there are at least three subtypes of offenders with schizophrenia.ObjectivesEmploying latent class analysis, the goals of this study were to investigate the presence of homogeneous subgroups of offender patients in terms of remission in psychopathology during inpatient treatment and whether or not these are related to subtypes found in previous studies. Results should help identify patient subgroups benefitting insufficiently from forensic inpatient treatment and allow hypotheses on possibly more suitable therapy option for these patients.MethodsA series of latent class analyses was used to explore extensive and detailed psychopathological reports of 370 offender patients with schizophrenia before and after inpatient treatment.ResultsA framework developed by Hodgins to identify subgroups of offenders suffering from schizophrenia is useful in predicting remission of psychopathology over psychiatric inpatient treatment. While “early starters” were most likely to experience remission of psychopathology over treatment, “late late starters” and a subgroup including patients from all three of Hodgins' subgroups in equal proportions benefited least. Negative symptoms generally seemed least likely to remit.ConclusionPsychiatric treatment may have to be more tailored to offender patient subgroups to allow them to benefit more equally.
Comparison of Two Otolith Processing Methods for Estimating Age of Three Catfish Species
Authors: Sakaris Peter C. , Bonvechio Timothy F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
When performing studies that require fish age estimation, biologists must achieve a high level of accuracy and precision, as age, growth, and survival data are often used in models that inform management decisions. Otolith processing techniques vary, and no studies have assessed which methodology is more precise and cost effective. Our goal was to assess the precision, effort, and resources needed to perform the ground otolith and cut otolith methods in estimating ages of Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus, Channel Catfish I. punctatus, and Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris. Readers exhibited high initial agreement rates for both aging methods with Blue Catfish (93.3–97.8%) and Flathead Catfish (88.9–96.3%). However, readers were more confident in their age estimates with the cut otolith method, and age–bias plots revealed significant bias between the techniques. The ground otolith method yielded lower age estimates compared to the cut otolith method by roughly 1 year for Flathead Catfish from age 6 through age 10 and yielded lower age estimates by about 1 year for Blue Catfish at ages 4 and 5. Conversely, for Channel Catfish, reader agreement and confidence were lower with the cut otolith method compared to the ground otolith method (66.7% and 95.7%), but no significant bias was detected between the processing techniques. The ground otolith method required lower startup costs and less effort than the cut otolith method for Blue Catfish and Channel Catfish, whereas the cut otolith method required less effort for Flathead Catfish. The cut otolith method required higher startup costs and was more expensive to perform than the ground otolith method. This study presents advantages and disadvantages of both methods, and we recommend that fishery professionals weigh the costs and benefits of each method when developing a program for applying a method to their study systems.