bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The investigation of diabetes in people living with HIV: A systematic review
Authors: Daultrey Harriet , Youseff Elaney , Wright Juliet , Davies Kevin , Chakera Ali J. , Levett Tom 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsHbA1c is reported to underestimate glycaemia in people living with HIV (PLHIV). There is not an internationally agreed screening method for diabetes. The primary aim was to identify which tests are performed to diagnose and monitor diabetes in PLHIV. Secondary aims were to identify whether prevalence or incidence of diabetes differs according to marker of glycaemia and how figures compare in PLHIV compared to people without.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for studies investigating diabetes in PLHIV, not pregnant, aged ≥18 years. Narrative analysis and descriptive statistics were used to describe which markers of glycaemia, and their frequency, were employed in the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes in PLHIV. Diagnostic studies provided prevalence or incidence of diabetes.ResultsIn all, 45 of 1028 studies were included. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting glucose (FG), HbA1c and Fructosamine were used to investigate diabetes. In total, 27 studies described diagnosing diabetes, 14 using OGTT, 12 FG and 7 HbA1c. All 18 studies monitoring diabetes used HbA1c. Prevalence ranged from 1.3% to 26% and incidence 2.9% to 12.8%. Studies using glucose and HbA1c reported HbA1c to diagnose fewer people with diabetes, monitoring studies found HbA1c to underestimate glycaemia levels. Controlled studies demonstrate diabetes was more common in PLHIV.ConclusionOGTT was used most frequently to diagnose diabetes, and HbA1c to monitor known diabetes. Prevalence and incidence varied depending on marker of glycaemia used. Studies reported a discrepancy in accuracy of HbA1c in PLHIV, to address this, well‐designed, prospective studies, providing individual‐level data on HbA1c levels and an additional marker of glycaemia in PLHIV are needed.
Global status of knowledge for prevention and emergency management of traumatic dental injuries in dental professionals: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tewari Nitesh , Sultan Farheen , Mathur Vijay Prakash , Rahul Morankar , Goel Shubhi , Bansal Kalpana , Chawla Amrita , Haldar Partha , Pandey Ravindra Mohan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDental professionals are the primary care providers for traumatic dental injuries (TDI). The dental traumatology literature has a number of studies evaluating the knowledge of dental professionals from different parts of the world but its global status is unknown. Hence, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the global status of knowledge for the prevention and emergency management of TDI in dental professionals and to provide recommendations for future research.Materials and MethodsThe protocol was designed as per the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020192381). A broad‐based search using text words and MeSH terms was performed in established databases as per a pre‐defined strategy without any distinction of language and year of publication. Studies without details of the questionnaire, knowledge score, validity and reliability were excluded. Data extraction was performed, risk of bias assessment was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool, and a meta‐analysis was performed.ResultsSixteen studies, which had been published between 2008 and 2020, were included for qualitative synthesis. Most of them were cross‐sectional, used convenience sampling and evaluated knowledge for avulsion. Previous dental trauma training was undertaken by <50% of the participants of five studies, <50% knew about the correct approach in management of complicated crown fractures in three studies and ≤60% in four studies knew the critical time for replantation. There was insufficient level of knowledge in >50% of the included studies. High risk of bias was found in three studies.ConclusionThe knowledge level in several areas of the world was unknown. The studies lacked uniformity in methods and well‐designed questionnaires and they revealed insufficient levels of knowledge among dental professionals.
RivFishTIME: A global database of fish time‐series to study global change ecology in riverine systems
Authors: Comte Lise , Carvajal‐Quintero Juan , Tedesco Pablo A. , Giam Xingli , Brose Ulrich , Erős Tibor , Filipe Ana F. , Fortin Marie‐Josée , Irving Katie , Jacquet Claire , Larsen Stefano , Sharma Sapna , Ruhi Albert , Becker Fernando G. , Casatti Lilian , Castaldelli Giuseppe , Dala‐Corte Renato B. , Davenport Stephen R. , Franssen Nathan R. , García‐Berthou Emili , Gavioli Anna , Gido Keith B. , Jimenez‐Segura Luz , Leitão Rafael P. , McLarney Bill , Meador Jason , Milardi Marco , Moffatt David B. , Occhi Thiago V. T. , Pompeu Paulo S. , Propst David L. , Pyron Mark , Salvador Gilberto N. , Stefferud Jerome A. , Sutela Tapio , Taylor Christopher , Terui Akira , Urabe Hirokazu , Vehanen Teppo , Vitule Jean R. S. , Zeni Jaquelini O. , Olden Julian D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMotivationWe compiled a global database of long‐term riverine fish surveys from 46 regional and national monitoring programmes and from individual academic research efforts, with which numerous basic and applied questions in ecology and global change research can be explored. Such spatially and temporally extensive datasets have been lacking for freshwater systems in comparison to terrestrial ones.Main types of variables containedThe database includes 11,386 time‐series of riverine fish community catch data, including 646,270 species‐specific abundance records, together with metadata related to the geographical location and sampling methodology of each time‐series.Spatial location and grainThe database contains 11,072 unique sampling locations (stream reach), spanning 19 countries, five biogeographical realms and 402 hydrographical basins world‐wide.Time period and grainThe database encompasses the period 1951–2019. Each time‐series is composed of a minimum of two yearly surveys (mean = 8 years) and represents a minimum time span of 10 years (mean = 19 years).Major taxa and level of measurementThe database includes 944 species of ray‐finned fishes (Class Actinopterygii).Software formatcsv.Main conclusionOur collective effort provides the most comprehensive long‐term community database of riverine fishes to date. This unique database should interest ecologists who seek to understand the impacts of human activities on riverine fish biodiversity and to model and predict how fish communities will respond to future environmental change. Together, we hope it will promote advances in macroecological research in the freshwater realm.
Inflammation accelerates copper‐mediated cytotoxicity through induction of six‐transmembrane epithelial antigens of prostate 4 expression
Authors: Jiang Cen , Wu Beiying , Xue Minghui , Lin Jiafei , Hu Zhenli , Nie Xiaomeng , Cai Gang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCopper is an essential trace metal, but imbalance in copper homeostasis can induce oxidative damage. Inflammation is a fundamental element of various pulmonary diseases. Although a positive relationship between copper and chronic pulmonary diseases has been reported, the underlying reasons are still not clear. The copper level in the sputum of patients with various pulmonary diseases was measured. An inflammatory model was established to evaluate the impact of inflammation on copper uptake in the lung. We found that the level of sputum copper was increased in patients with various pulmonary diseases, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Then, we confirmed that mice with pulmonary inflammation were susceptible to copper‐mediated oxidative damage because of copper overload in lung tissue. Further investigation demonstrated that interleukin (IL)‐17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α exerted synergistic effects in airway epithelial cells by upregulating the expression of six‐transmembrane epithelial antigens of prostate 4 (STEAP4), a metalloreductase that reduces extracellular copper ions from the cupric state to the cuprous state and facilitates copper uptake. Inhibition of STEAP4 decreased the copper uptake of cells and inhibited copper‐mediated oxidative damage. Moreover, we demonstrated that the upregulation of STEAP4 by IL‐17 and TNF‐α was largely dependent on TNF receptor‐associated factor 4 (TRAF4). Traf4−/− mice were resistant to copper‐mediated oxidative damage. Our data suggest a novel IL‐17/TNF‐α–TRAF4–STEAP4 axis that regulates copper homeostasis.
Fracture strength of various titanium‐based, CAD‐CAM and PFM implant crowns
Authors: DuVall Nicholas B. , DeReis Stephen P. , Vandewalle Kraig S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveCAD‐CAM has dramatically advanced dental restorative procedures to include implant‐supported crowns. The purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance following mechanical loading and thermocycling of various screw‐retained and cement‐retained ceramic and polymethylmethacrylate material combinations using the TiBase abutment compared to PFM implant‐supported crowns.OverviewTwelve implant restorations were fabricated for each of eight groups. Three groups were screw‐retained and five groups were cement‐retained implant restorations. The ceramic and polymethylmethacrylate restorations were fabricated on the TiBase abutment while the PFM restorations were fabricated on an UCLA abutment. Data were analyzed with a one way Analysis of Variance and Tukey's post‐hoc test to evaluate the effect of abutment and crown type on fracture load (alpha = 0.05). A significant difference was found in the maximum fracture load between groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe screw‐retained implant restorations demonstrated higher fracture loads than their cement‐retained counterparts. The TiBase abutment compared favorably to the UCLA abutment.Clinical SignificanceThe TiBase abutment is a titanium insert which combines the esthetics of a ceramic abutment with the mechanical properties of a titanium abutment and should be considered a viable clinical alternative to the conventional implant‐supported PFM crown based on theses in vitro results and in context of in vivo studies. The lithium disilicate hybrid abutment/crown implant‐supported restoration utilizing the TiBase abutment may be an ideal clinical choice due to simplicity, single appointment CAD‐CAM, and esthetics.
Interdental papilla reconstruction using injectable hyaluronic acid: A 6 month prospective longitudinal clinical study
Authors: Alhabashneh Rola , Alomari Sawsan , Khaleel Bassam , Qinawi Haytham , Alzaubi Majdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) on interdental papilla (IDP) loss in the esthetic zone. Twenty one subjects (14 females and 7 males) from those referred for treatment of IDP loss at Periodontics postgraduate clinics at the Jordan University of Science and Technology. A total of 86 interdental sites (58 sites in the maxillary jaw and 28 sites in the mandibular jaw) were treated and followed up. A 0.2 ml of Hyaluronic acid was injected in each receded IDP site and injections were repeated after 21 days. Papilla sites were evaluated and statistically analyzed. At the 3 week interval the mean reduction of black triangle (BT) height was 0.17 mm (8% reduction) (P‐value <0.001), at the 3 month interval there was a mean reduction of BT height of 0.83 mm (39% reduction) (P‐value <0.001). At 6 months however, the reduction in BT height was 0.62 mm (29% reduction) (P‐value <0.001). Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the use of commercially available HA gel for the treatment of interdental papillae loss may have promising results over the first 6 months after injection. The maximum improvement in black triangles was at 3 months after injection with a reduction of improvement between 3 and 6 months. Clinical Relevance Helping clinician to take evidence based decision while considering Hyaluronic acid injection as a short term nonsurgical treatment modality for interdental papilla loss.
Landscape genomics of Quercus lobata reveals genes involved in local climate adaptation at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Gugger Paul F. , Fitz‐Gibbon Sorel T. , Albarrán‐Lara Ana , Wright Jessica W. , Sork Victoria L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how the environment shapes genetic variation provides critical insight about the evolution of local adaptation in natural populations. At multiple spatial scales and multiple geographic contexts within a single species, such information could address a number of fundamental questions about the scale of local adaptation and whether or not the same loci are involved at different spatial scales or geographic contexts. We used landscape genomic approaches from three local elevational transects and rangewide sampling to (a) identify genetic variation underlying local adaptation to environmental gradients in the California endemic oak, Quercus lobata; (b) examine whether putatively adaptive SNPs show signatures of selection at multiple spatial scales; and (c) map putatively adaptive variation to assess the scale and pattern of local adaptation. Of over 10 k single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated with genotyping‐by‐sequencing, we found signatures of natural selection by climate or local environment at over 600 SNPs (536 loci), some at multiple spatial scales across multiple analyses. Candidate SNPs identified with gene–environment tests (LFMM) at the rangewide scale also showed elevated associations with climate variables compared to the background at both rangewide and elevational transect scales with gradient forest analysis. Some loci overlap with those detected in other oak species, raising the question of whether the same loci might be involved in local climate adaptation in different congeneric species that inhabit different geographic contexts. Mapping landscape patterns of adaptive versus background genetic variation identified regions of marked local adaptation and suggests nonlinear association of candidate SNPs and environmental variables. Taken together, our results offer robust evidence for novel candidate genes for local climate adaptation at multiple spatial scales.
Red Tape, Organizational Performance, and Employee Outcomes: Meta‐analysis, Meta‐regression, and Research Agenda
Authors: George Bert , Pandey Sanjay K. , Steijn Bram , Decramer Adelien , Audenaert Mieke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough there is consensus among scholars that red tape has negative consequences, there is a lack of synthesis on these negative effects. We conduct a meta‐analysis and meta‐regression of public administration evidence and ask: What is the impact of red tape on organizational performance and employee outcomes, and which conditions moderate this impact? Our meta‐analysis finds that red tape has a significant, negative, and small‐to‐medium impact on both organizational performance and employee outcomes. Meta‐regression shows that red tape imposed by the organization itself is more harmful than red tape imposed by external parties. Moreover, red tape's negative impact remains quite stable across sectors, administrative traditions, and research methods. In conclusion, an agenda for future public administration research on red tape is presented. We recommend that future research syntheses on red tape include research on concepts that bear a family resemblance (e.g., sludge, administrative burden) and also encourage analyses of differing discourses to identify common themes.
Risks and outcomes of adenovirus disease in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients—Comparison of current antiviral treatment options
Authors: Thomas Sanya J. , Young Rebecca T. , Steinbach William J. , Lugo Debra J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdenovirus disease (ADVd) is a significant burden in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. However, current knowledge of risk factors associated with poor clinical outcome and the effectiveness of antiviral therapy are not well understood. This study determined the relationship between transplant characteristics and risk of ADVd and also compared time to resolution of disease between pediatric patients who did and did not receive antiviral therapy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, single‐center cohort study of pediatric patients undergoing HSCT at Duke University (2005‐2016). Cases of ADVd were defined a priori using a classification tool. Cox proportional hazards (CPH) regression models were used to compare the hazard of ADVd between HSCT recipients differing by type of transplant and type of conditioning regimen. The hazard of time to resolution of ADVd by antiviral therapy (cidofovir, brincidofovir, both, or neither) was compared.ResultsNinety‐three of 830 subjects had ADVd post‐HSCT (11.2%). Umbilical cord transplant (UCT) recipients had 2.30 (95% CI 1.57, 6.90, P = .002) higher hazard of developing ADVd compared to non‐cord allogeneic transplants, and 6.30 higher (95% CI 2.70, 19.61, P < .001) hazard compared to autologous transplants. Subjects who did not receive antiviral therapy experienced earlier resolution of ADVd compared to subjects who received therapy, even after adjusting for subjects with disseminated disease (HR [95% CI]: 3.75 [1.57, 8.93], P = .003).ConclusionsPediatric UCT recipients are at a higher risk for ADVd. Antiviral therapy was not associated with an earlier resolution of ADVd, even in patients with higher disease burden.
Increased sympathetic and haemodynamic responses to exercise and muscle metaboreflex activation in post‐menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Peçanha Tiago , Meireles Kamila , Pinto Ana Jéssica , Rezende Diego Augusto Nunes , Iraha Amanda Yuri , Mazzolani Bruna Caruso , Smaira Fabiana Infante , Sales Allan Robson Kluser , Bonfiglioli Karina , Sá‐Pinto Ana Lúcia de , Lima Fernanda Rodrigues , Irigoyen Maria Cláudia , Gualano Bruno , Roschel Hamilton 
Published: November 2020

Key points
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients present exacerbated blood pressure responses to exercise, but little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms involved.
This study assessed autonomic and haemodynamic responses to exercise and to the isolated activation of muscle metaboreflex in post‐menopausal women with RA.
Participants with RA showed augmented pressor and sympathetic responses to exercise and to the activation of muscle metaboreflex. These responses were associated with multiple pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines and with pain.
The results of the present study support the suggestion that an abnormal reflex control of circulation is an important mechanism underlying the exacerbated cardiovascular response to exercise and increased cardiovascular risk in RA.
AbstractStudies have reported abnormal cardiovascular responses to exercise in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, but little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms involved. This study assessed haemodynamic and sympathetic responses to exercise and to the isolated activation of muscle metaboreflex in women diagnosed with RA. Thirty‐three post‐menopausal women diagnosed with RA and 10 matched controls (CON) participated in this study. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA frequency and incidence) were measured during a protocol of isometric knee extension exercise (3 min, 30% of maximal voluntary contraction), followed by post‐exercise ischaemia (PEI). Participants with RA showed greater increases in MAP and MSNA during exercise and PEI than CON (ΔMAPexercise = 16 ± 11 vs. 9 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.03; ΔMAPPEI = 15 ± 10 vs. 5 ± 5 mmHg, P = 0.001; ΔMSNAexercise = 17 ± 14 vs. 7 ± 9 bursts min–1, P = 0.04; ΔMSNAPEI = 14 ± 10 vs. 6 ± 4 bursts min–1, P = 0.04). Autonomic responses to exercise showed significant (P < 0.05) association with pro‐ (i.e. IFN‐γ, IL‐8, MCP‐1 and TNFα) and anti‐inflammatory (i.e. IL‐1ra and IL‐10) cytokines and with pain. In conclusion, post‐menopausal women with RA showed augmented pressor and sympathetic responses to exercise and to the activation of muscle metaboreflex. These findings provide mechanistic insights that may explain the abnormal cardiovascular responses to exercise in RA.
Integration of Data Management Systems With an Ontology Based Information Management System
Authors: Wijnker T. C. , Lutters D. , van Houten F. J. A. M. , Kals H. J. J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In analyzing design and manufacturing tasks and their mutual interactions, it appears that the underlying information of these tasks is of the utmost importance. If this information is managed on an integral level, in a formalized, structured way, it can serve as a basis for the control of design and manufacturing processes. The ontological description that is used for this purpose is elaborated upon. It is indicated how an ontological description of the information content can govern design and manufacturing processes, and support their execution with all required information and functionality of resources. Moreover, it is expound how the ontological description can serve as the basis for integrating information that, in industry, is often dispersedly managed in separate coexisting data management systems. Furthermore, a framework is proposed for the implementation of an Information Management system as well as for the additional applications that utilize its functionality. Finally, a pilot implementation at a large Dutch industrial company is discussed concerning the aspect of integrating dispersedly managed information. This implementation is also compared to some currently available commercial solutions in this area that were tested at the company as well.
Topology Synthesis of Electrothermal Compliant (ETC) Mechanisms Using Line Elements
Authors: Mankame Nilesh D. , Ananthasuresh G. K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a line element based approach to the synthesis of electrothermally actuated compliant (ETC) mechanisms. A line element is a one-dimensional model of the electrical, thermal and elastic behavior of a beam-like continuum. In contrast to topology synthesis of ETC mechanisms by a continuum element based approach, the line element based approach offers significant conceptual and practical advantages. The line element approach allows for accurate modeling of surface heat transfer in a straightforward manner. Moreover, this approach results in clean geometries that are easy to fabricate. The line element based ETC mechanism synthesis procedure is used to study the influence of the direction of output and the electrical and thermal resistance of the workpiece on the resulting optimal topology. Solutions obtained from this procedure are compared with results from continuum based optimal synthesis procedures as well as intuitive designs reported in literature. The ability of the procedure to generate non-intuitive topologies is also demonstrated through design examples.