bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted solvent extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil using RSM: Evaluation of oxidative stability and physicochemical properties of oil
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Kenari Reza , Dehghan Bahareh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effect of solvent ratio of hexane to isopropanol (0:100, 50:50, and 100:0 v/v%), extraction temperature (30, 45, and 60°C), and time (30, 60, and 90 min) were investigated on the oil extraction efficiency, total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging, peroxide value, and oil color index. Extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology and Box–Behnken design. The optimal conditions were obtained as hexane‐to‐isopropanol ratio of approximately 3:2, temperature of 40.26°C, and ultrasonication time of 54.40 min. Then, the hemp seed oil was extracted under the optimal conditions. The optimal predicted contents for oil yield (31.22%), total phenolics (3.19 mg GA/g oil), DPPH inhibition (73.86%), peroxide (4.62 meq/kg), and color index (28.2) were agreed with the predicted conditions because the RSE values were less than 5%. Hemp seed oil can be used extensively due to its high nutritional values, and antioxidant potential and ultrasound can improve oil extraction as a simple and fast method.
Arcsine‐based transformations for meta‐analysis of proportions: Pros, cons, and alternatives
Authors: Lin Lifeng , Xu Chang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMeta‐analyses have been increasingly used to synthesize proportions (eg, disease prevalence) from multiple studies in recent years. Arcsine‐based transformations, especially the Freeman–Tukey double‐arcsine transformation, are popular tools for stabilizing the variance of each study's proportion in two‐step meta‐analysis methods. Although they offer some benefits over the conventional logit transformation, they also suffer from several important limitations (eg, lack of interpretability) and may lead to misleading conclusions. Generalized linear mixed models and Bayesian models are intuitive one‐step alternative approaches, and can be readily implemented via many software programs. This article explains various pros and cons of the arcsine‐based transformations, and discusses the alternatives that may be generally superior to the currently popular practice.
Life Cycle Assessment of Struvite Precipitation from Anaerobically Digested Dairy Manure: A Wisconsin Perspective
Authors: Temizel-Sekeryan Sila , Wu Fan , Hicks Andrea L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recovering valuable nutrients (e.g., P and N) from waste materials has been extensively investigated at the laboratory scale. Although it has been shown that struvite precipitation from several manure sources contributes to nutrient management practices by recovering valuable nutrients and preventing them from reaching water bodies, it has not been widely applied in commercial (i.e., farm) scales. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of the struvite recovery process from the liquid portion of the anaerobically digested dairy cow manure generated in Wisconsin, USA, dairy farms using life cycle assessment methodology for both bench- and farm-scale scenarios. The struvite precipitation process involves the use of additional chemicals and energy; therefore, investigating upstream impacts is crucial to evaluate the environmental costs and benefits of this additional treatment process. Results indicate that up to a 78% impact decrease in eutrophication potential can be achieved when P and N are recovered in the form of struvite and are applied in lieu of conventional fertilizers, rather than using the liquid portion of the anaerobically digested dairy manure as a fertilizer. Additionally, significant differences are identified in the majority of environmental impact categories when the struvite precipitation process is modeled and evaluated in a farm-scale setting. Future work should expand to evaluate the overall environmental impacts and trade-offs of struvite recovery application, including the anaerobic digestion system itself at the farm scale. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:292–304. © 2020 SETAC
KEY POINTS
Struvite precipitation is a viable method of nutrient management from dairy manure. Life cycle assessment allows for the environmental impacts and trade-offs of the management system to be quantified. Environmental impacts will differ from bench- to full-scale deployment.
Relationship between investor sentiment and earnings news in high‐ and low‐sentiment periods
Authors: Li Zhuo , Tian Meiyu , Ouyang Guangda , Wen Fenghua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing the Chinese equity market as the testing venue, this study explores how investor sentiment affects the immediate reaction of stock prices to earnings news in high‐ and low‐sentiment periods. Our key finding is that the sentiment‐driven pricing of earnings will differ between the two periods. Specifically, during high‐sentiment (low‐sentiment) periods, the stock price sensitivity to good (bad) earnings news increases (decreases) with investor sentiment, whereas the stock price sensitivity to bad (good) earnings news is unrelated to investor sentiment. Additionally, we find that the effect of sentiment is more pronounced for young, high volatility, growth and distressed stocks. However, contrary to the U.S. evidence, our results show that small stocks are not always more exposed to sentiment. Further analysis of the role of short‐sales constraints in the sensitivity of stock prices to bad earnings news implies that short sales can enhance informational efficiency.
What drives risk disclosure in Islamic and conventional banks? An international comparison
Authors: Grassa Rihab , Moumen Nejia , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper examines and compares the relationship between risk disclosure and corporate attributes in Islamic and conventional banks. Using a comprehensive risk disclosure index covering nine dimensions, we analyse the level of risk‐related disclosure (RRD) in a sample of 72 Islamic banks and 97 conventional banks across 11 countries. The RRD index shows that Islamic banks disclose less information about risk comparing to conventional banks. Listed banks, larger banks and aged bank disclose more information about risk than the others. Block holders, foreign ownership and board size affect negatively risk disclosure. However, board independence and the percentage of foreign directors in the board affect positively risk disclosure. Moreover, banks with higher Tier 1 ratio disclose less information about risk. Our results encourages regulators to improve corporate governance mechanisms in their banking systems through the optimization of ownership structure (dispersed ownership) and the board's composition in order to promote higher level of transparency and RRD.
Evaluation of the irrigation water quality and cropped area of shrinking peri‐urban agriculture in the Gadap Basin, Karachi: An application of Wilcox's classification and geospatial techniques*
Authors: Ahmed Razzaq , Khan Shaukat Hayat , Mahmood Khalida , Ahsanullah  
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Gadap Basin has been an important provider of agricultural commodities to the Karachi metropolis for centuries. However, in recent decades it has been noted that agricultural activities in this peri‐urban area of Karachi have shown a declining trend. In view of the current scenario, this study focuses on the evaluation of irrigation water quality being used in the Gadap Basin. In order to carry out this study, Wilcox's classification methods of Na+% (sodium percentage) and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) have been applied. The results comprise 13 water samples collected from various localities over a period of two decades (1997–2016), which clearly show that with the passage of time water quality has degraded badly; in particular, sodium concentration that has increased substantially especially in the vicinity of sand and gravel excavation sites. According to Na+% calculation during 1997, 100% of samples were suitable for irrigation whereas in 2016 it had dropped to almost 50%. Similarly, the SAR has gone down, showing degradation of irrigation water quality. Moreover, the results have also been presented using geospatial techniques. The satellite imageries discriminate the sharp decline and degradation of agricultural land (60%) in the basin during the study period 1997–2016.
Bone Turnover Markers Do Not Predict Fracture Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Napoli Nicola , Conte Caterina , Eastell Richard , Ewing Susan K , Bauer Douglas C , Strotmeyer Elsa S , Black Dennis M , Samelson Elizabeth J , Vittinghoff Eric , Schwartz Ann V 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by increased fracture risk despite higher BMD and reduced bone turnover. BMD underestimates fracture risk in T2D, but the predictive role of bone turnover markers (BTMs) on fracture risk in T2D has not been explored. Thus, we sought to determine whether BTMs predict incident fractures in subjects with T2D. For this case-cohort study, we used data from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study of well-functioning older adults, aged 70 to 79 years at baseline (April 1997–June 1998). The case-cohort sample consisted of (i) the cases, composed of all 223 participants who experienced incident fractures of the hip, clinical spine, or distal forearm within the first 9 years of study follow-up; and (ii) the subcohort of 508 randomly sampled participants from three strata at baseline (T2D, prediabetes, and normoglycemia) from the entire Health ABC cohort. A total of 690 subjects (223 cases, of whom 41 were in the subcohort) were included in analyses. BTMs (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX], osteocalcin [OC], and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide [P1NP]) were measured in archived baseline serum. Cox regression with robust variance estimation was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for fracture per 20% increase in BTMs. In nondiabetes (prediabetes plus normoglycemia), fracture risk was increased with higher CTX (HR 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.20 for each 20% increase in CTX). Risk was not increased in T2D (HR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.04; p for interaction .045). Similarly, both OC and P1NP were associated with higher risk of fracture in nondiabetes, but not in T2D, with p for interaction of .078 and .109, respectively. In conclusion, BTMs did not predict incident fracture risk in T2D but were modestly associated with fracture risk in nondiabetes. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
microRNA‐related single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and breast cancer
Authors: Bahreini Farbod , Rayzan Elham , Rezaei Nima 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBreast cancer, as the most common cancer in women which affects patients both mentally and physically, requires great attention in many areas and many levels as this cancer is known to be multifactorial. Single‐stranded molecules called microRNAs with near 22 nucleotides are seen to act in central dogma of molecular biology by inhibiting the translation process; it is demonstrated that any alteration in their sequence especially single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may lead into increasing the breast cancer risk. miR‐SNPs are considered to be the potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. As a result, this review documents the well‐known miR‐SNPs that are known to be associated with breast cancer. In this regard, two principals were discussed: (a) SNPs in the target genes of microRNAs and the alteration in gene expression due to this phenomenon; (b) changes based on the SNPs in the microRNA coding region and the impact on their interaction with target messenger RNA.
Validity and Reproducibility of the ADNEX MR Scoring System in the Diagnosis of Sonographically Indeterminate Adnexal Masses
Authors: Basha Mohammad Abd Alkhalik , Abdelrahman Hossam M. , Metwally Maha Ibrahime , Alayouty Nader Ali , Mohey Nesreen , Zaitoun Mohamed M.A. , Almassry Hosam Nabil , Yousef Hala Y. , El Sammak Ahmed A. , Aly Sameh Abdelaziz , Algazzar Hesham Youssef , Farag Mohamed Abd El‐Aziz Mohamed , Mosallam Walid , Abo Shanab Waleed S. , Ibrahim Safaa A. , Mohamed Ekramy A. , Mohamed Abd El Motaleb , Afifi Amira Hamed Mohamed , Harb Ola A. , Azmy Taghreed M. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe diagnosis of sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses (AM) signifies a major challenge in clinical practice. Early detection and characterization have increased the need for accurate imaging evaluation before treatment.PurposeTo assess the validity and reproducibility of the ADNEX MR Scoring system in the diagnosis of sonographically indeterminate AM.Study TypeA prospective multicenter study.PopulationIn all, 531 women (mean age, 44 ± 11.2 years; range, 21–79 years) with 572 sonographically indeterminate AM.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T/precontrast T1‐weighted imaging (WI) fast spin echo (FSE) (in‐phase and out‐of‐phase, with and without fat suppression); T2‐WI FSE; diffusion‐WI single‐shot echo planner with b‐values of 0 and 1000 s/mm2; and dynamic contrast‐enhanced perfusion T1‐WI liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA).AssessmentAll MRI examinations were evaluated by three radiologists, and the AM were categorized into five scores based on the ADNEX MR Scoring system. Score 1: no AM; 2: benign AM; 3: probably benign AM; 4: indeterminate AM; 5: probably malignant AM. Histopathology and imaging follow‐up were used as the standard references for evaluating the validity of the ADNEX MR Scoring system for detecting ovarian malignancy.Statistical TestsFour‐fold table test, kappa statistics (κ), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsIn all, 136 (23.8%) AM were malignant, and 436 (76.2%) were benign. Of the 350 AM classified as score 2, one (0.3%) was malignant; of the 62 AM classified as score 3, six (9.7%) were malignant; of the 73 AM classified as score 4, 43 (58.9%) were malignant; and of the 87 AM categorized as score 5, 86 (98.9%) were malignant. The best cutoff value for predicting malignant AM was score >3 with sensitivity and specificity of 92.9% and 94.9%, respectively. The interreader agreement of the ADNEX MR Scoring was very good (κ = 0.861).Data ConclusionThe current study supports the high validity and reproducibility of the ADNEX MR Scoring system for the diagnosis of sonographically indeterminate AM.Level of Evidence1Technical Efficacy Stage2
Spatial segmentation and metabolite annotation involved in sperm maturation in the rat epididymis by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Lagarrigue Mélanie , Lavigne Régis , Guével Blandine , Palmer Andrew , Rondel Karine , Guillot Laetitia , Kobarg Jan H. , Trede Dennis , Pineau Charles 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpermatozoa acquire their fertilizing capacity during a complex maturation process that occurs in the epididymis. This process involves a substantial molecular remodeling at the surface of the gamete. Epididymis is divided into three regions (the caput, corpus, and cauda) or into 19 intraregional segments based on histology. Most studies carried out on epididymal maturation have been performed on sperm samples or tissue extracts. Here, we used MALDI imaging mass spectrometry in the positive and negative ion modes combined with spatial segmentation and automated metabolite annotation to study the precise localization of metabolites directly in the rat epididymis. The spatial segmentation revealed that the rat epididymis could be divided into several molecular clusters different from the 19 intraregional segments. The discriminative m/z values that contributed the most to each molecular cluster were then annotated and corresponded mainly to phosphatidylcholines, sphingolipids, glycerophosphates, triacylglycerols, plasmalogens, phosphatidylethanolamines, and lysophosphatidylcholines. A substantial remodeling of lipid composition during epididymal maturation was observed. It was characterized in particular by an increase in the number of sphingolipids and plasmalogens and a decrease in the proportion of triacylglycerols annotated from caput to cauda. Ion images reveal that molecules belonging to the same family can have very different localizations along the epididymis. For some of them, annotation was confirmed by on‐tissue MS/MS experiments. A 3D model of the epididymis head was reconstructed from 61 sections analyzed with a lateral resolution of 50 μm and can be used to obtain information on the localization of a given analyte in the whole volume of the tissue.
Effects of in vivo cyclic compressive loading on the distribution of local Col2 and superficial lubricin in rat knee cartilage
Authors: Ji Xiang , Ito Akira , Nakahata Akihiro , Nishitani Kohei , Kuroki Hiroshi , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of an episode of in vivo cyclic loading on rat knee articular cartilage (AC) under medium‐term observation, while also investigating relevant factors associated with the progression of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Twelve‐week‐old Wistar rats underwent one episode comprising 60 cycles of 20 N or 50 N dynamic compression on the right knee joint. Spatiotemporal changes in the AC after loading were evaluated using histology and immunohistochemistry at 3 days and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after loading (n = 6 for each condition). Chondrocyte vitality was assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after loading (n = 2 for each condition). A localized AC lesion on the lateral femoral condyle was confirmed in all subjects. The surface and intermediate cartilage in the affected area degenerated after loading, but the calcified cartilage remained intact. Expression of type II collagen in the lesion cartilage was upregulated after loading, whereas the superficial lubricin layer was eroded in response to cyclic compression. However, the distribution of superficial lubricin gradually recovered to the normal level 4 weeks after loading‐induced injury. We confirmed that 60 repetitions of cyclic loading exceeding 20 N could result in cartilage damage in the rat knee. Endogenous repairs in well‐structured joints work well to rebuild protective layers on the lesion cartilage surface, which may be the latent factor delaying the progression of PTOA.
The vertical course of bone regeneration in maxillary sinus floor augmentations: A histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies
Authors: Beck Florian , Reich Karoline Maria , Lettner Stefan , Heimel Patrick , Tangl Stefan , Redl Heinz , Ulm Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundMaxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) is a well‐established and predictable augmentation method in severely resorbed maxillae. However, data on the vertical course of bone graft consolidation within the maxillary sinus are rare. The aim of the present study was to quantify the vertical distribution of new bone formation (nBF) in MSFA and to characterize the vertical gradient of bone graft consolidation.MethodsEighty‐five human sinus biopsies were harvested 6 ± 1 months after MSFA. Histological thin‐ground sections were prepared and histomorphometrically analyzed. The volume of newly formed bone (nBV/TV) was measured in serial zones of 100 μm proceeding from the bottom of the sinus floor (SF) up to the apical top of the biopsy. The gradient of nBV/TV within the augmentation area was determined by the vertical distribution of nBV/TV along these zones.ResultsIn the premolar region, nBV/TV slightly declined from 20.4% in the zone adjacent to the SF to 17.7% at a distance of 8 mm. The gradient was steeper in the molar region: nBV/TV decreased from 18.7% to 12.8%. This decline was even more distinct when the volume fraction and the height of the residual bone of the SF were low.ConclusionsnBF follows a gradient from native bone of the SF towards the apical part of the augmentation area. The distance to primordial bone thus plays a critical role for bone regeneration in MSFA, particularly in the molar region.
Association between low bone mineral density and periodontitis in generally healthy perimenopausal women
Authors: Gil‐Montoya José Antonio , Garrido‐Martínez Macarena , Barrios‐Rodríguez Rocío , Ramos‐García Pablo , Lenouvel Daniel , Montes‐Castillo Cristina , Martínez‐Ramírez María José 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe association between low bone mineral density (BMD) and periodontitis in perimenopausal women is controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine whether osteoporosis or osteopenia is associated with periodontal disease in a population of adult women.MethodsA sample of over‐45‐year‐old women with or without low BMD underwent lumbar spine and hip bone densitometry and a complete periodontal examination. The extent/severity or absence of periodontal disease was noted using two different case definitions. Data were gathered on socio‐economic status, medication history, systemic co‐morbidities, alcohol or tobacco use as well as serum levels of calcium and vitamin D.ResultsOne hundred seventy three women aged between 45 and 72 years old were recruited with a mean age of 57.8 years. One hundred and three had decreased BMD (61 with osteoporosis and 42 with osteopenia) and 70 were healthy. Moderate or severe periodontitis was present in 52.6% of the women. Multivariate analysis showed a clear association between low BMD and periodontitis, but only in women above 58 years old and independent of tobacco consumption or oral hygiene.ConclusionIn this sample of generally healthy perimenopausal women, low BMD was associated with clinical attachment level (CAL). Women over 58 years old with decreased BMD presented with a higher mean percentage of sites with CAL ≥ 4 mm as well as CAL ≥ 6 mm when compared to controls, independent of active smoking status or poor oral hygiene.
Influence of psychological stress on non‐surgical periodontal treatment outcomes in patients with severe chronic periodontitis
Authors: Petit Catherine , Anadon‐Rosinach Victor , Rettig Laurence , Schmidt‐Mutter Catherine , Tuzin Nicolas , Davideau Jean‐Luc , Huck Olivier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of psychological stress on non‐surgical periodontal treatment (SRP) outcomes in patients with severe chronic periodontitis (stage 3/4 generalized periodontitis) at 6 months in the French population.MethodsPatients diagnosed with severe generalized chronic periodontitis (periodontitis stage 3/4) were included in this study. At baseline, psychological status was evaluated by self‐administered questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 [DASS‐42] and Toulouse coping scale [TCS]). Plasma levels of cortisol and chromogranin‐A were determined. Patients were then managed by oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing of sites with PD >3 mm and followed at 3 and 6 months. Quantitative and qualitative variables were described and interactions were determined by linear and logistic regressions.ResultsSeventy‐one patients were included in this study and 54 were followed up to 6 months. An average probing depth (PD) reduction of 0.73 ± 0.11 mm and decrease of diseased sites (PD >3 mm) were measured at 6 months illustrating SRP efficacy. Multivariable analysis showed that increased DASS‐stress score was associated to worsened SRP outcomes in terms of bleeding on probing (BOP) (OR = 1.02, P <0.05) and mean PD (P <0.05) reduction. An increase of DASS‐depression score negatively influenced PD >5 mm (OR = 1.06, P <0.05), PD >7 mm (OR = 1.17, P <0.01), CAL >5 mm (OR = 1.03, P <0.05), and CAL >7 mm (OR = 1.07, P <0.05) reduction. Negative coping strategies were also associated with worsened SRP outcomes.ConclusionsPatients with increased stress, anxiety, and depression scores as well as those exhibiting negative coping strategies demonstrate worsened SRP outcomes. DASS‐42 and TCS were useful to determine psychological status and their use could be incorporated to assess treatment prognosis.