bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of highly purified HMG plus r-FSH vs r-FSH alone vs r-FSH plus r-LH in IVF-ET/ ICSI patients：a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Zhong-Kai , Wu She-ling , Yu Xiao-Na , Qiao Hong-Wu , Lou Hua , Wang Xing-Ling , Zhang Wen , Guan Yichun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of highly purified human menopausal gonadotropins (hp-HMG) plus recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (r-FSH) vs r-FSH vs r-FSH plus recombinant luteinizing hormone （r-LH） in vitro fertilization (IVF) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) patients。Design :Retrospective cohort studyMethods:This was a retrospective study. Among a total number of 3568 patients who had undergone IVF/ICSI applications, 409 eligible patients were included.Total units of follitropin alpha preparations used in ovulation induction, total number of meiois-2 phase oocytes, total number of used oocytes in ICSI cycle, fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rates of both groups were analyzed. In this retrospective cohort study, women undergoing IVF/ICSI Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist cycles downregulation. 409 patients were included in the study. Among them One group followed the current standard protocol of no LH or hp-HMG supplementation given(n=64). The other had LH supplementation in the form of r -LH (Luveris; Merck Serono, Switzerland) (n=221), Another group had hp-HMG supplementation in the form of hp-HMG (Menopur , Ferring,Germany)(n=121).In the Subgroup analysis were decided by AFC ,7 < AFC〈20 or AFC>20 of the three group.Result: Mean duration of stimulation and was longer in the group of patients treated with hp-HMG plus rFSH compared to the group of patients treated with r-FSH and the group of r-LH plus r-FSH (13.24 days and 12.72days and12.21days, respectively; P<0.05). The amount of GN does for patients treated withhp-HMG plus rFSH compared to the group of patients treated with r-FSH plus r-LH and the group of r-FSH alone respectively (P<0.05). Clinical pregnancy rates were 76.6% and 60.9% and 62.9% （P<0.05）in the groups of patients treated with hp-hMG plus rFSH, r-FSH plus r-LH,r-FSHalonerespectively. What’s morea greater live birth rate was noted in the hp-hMG plus r-FSH group, there was statistically significant difference between the three groups (P>0.05).in the subgroup analysis when AFC>20 hp-HMG plus rFSH group have more lower ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome （OHSS） than r-FSH plus r-LH and rFSH alone,respectively.Clonclusion:The higher oocyte yield with r-FSH does not result in higher quality embryos.hp-HMG or r-LH supplementation is an option for improving IVF outcome in patients ovulation induction with r-FSH during GnRH agonist down-regulation. Particularly, hp-HMG is recommended as it may have a beneficial action on implantation in selected group especially AFC more than 20patients.
Bidirectional FtsZ filament treadmilling transforms lipid membranes via torsional stress
Authors: Ramirez-Diaz Diego , Merino-Salomon Adrian , Meyer Fabian , Heymann Michael , Rivas German , Bramkamp Marc , Schwille Petra 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
FtsZ is a key component in bacterial cell division, being the primary protein of the presumably contractile Z ring. In vivo and in vitro, it shows two distinctive features that could so far however not be mechanistically linked: self-organization into directionally treadmilling vortices on solid supported membranes, and shape deformation of flexible liposomes. In cells, circumferential treadmilling of FtsZ was shown to recruit septum-building enzymes, but an active force production remains elusive. To gain mechanistic understanding of FtsZ dependent membrane deformations and constriction, we designed an in vitro assay based on soft lipid tubes pulled from FtsZ decorated giant lipid vesicles (GUVs) by optical tweezers. FtsZ actively transformed these tubes into spring-like structures, where GTPase activity promoted spring compression. Operating the optical tweezers in lateral vibration mode and assigning spring constants to FtsZ coated tubes, the directional forces that FtsZ-YFP-mts rings exert upon GTP hydrolysis can be estimated to be in the pN range. They are further shown to induce membrane budding with constricting necks on both, giant vesicles and E.coli cells devoid of their cell walls. We hypothesize that these forces are generated by bidirectional treadmilling through torsional stress.
Ultrahigh Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Efficiency by Single Metallic Atom Oxide on TiO2
Authors: Feng Yibo , Wang Cong , Cui Peixin , Li Chong , Gan Liyong , Zhang Shengbai , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Zhang Xiaoxian , Li Hui , Wang Kaiwen , Sun Zhiming , Zhou Kai , Zhang Bin , Li Min , Huang Hongwei , Li Wei , Li Ang , Wang Lihua , JunHuang  , Zhang Ze , Han Xiaodong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is a sustainable and energy-consumption-free route to directly convert the greenhouse gas into chemicals. Given the vast amount of greenhouse gases, numerous efforts have been devoted to developing inorganic photocatalysts due to their stable, low-cost and environmental-friendly properties. However, more efficient titanium dioxide (TiO2) without noble metal or sacrifice/organic agent is highly desirable for CO2 reduction practical application, and it is also difficult and urgently in demand for TiO2 producing selectively valuable compounds, i.e. industrial chemicals and fuels. Here, we develop a novel “adatom at step” strategy via anchoring single tungsten atom oxide (STAO) site on intrinsic steps of classic TiO2 nanoparticles. The composition of single-sites can be controlled by tuning the ratio of adatom W5+ to neighboring Ti3+, resulting in significant CO2 reduction efficiency and selectively yield of carbon monoxide (CO) or methane (CH4) as main products. The W5+-dominated catalysts can achieve an ultrahigh photocatalytic CH4 production of 59.3 μmol/g/h, while the Ti3+-dominated catalysts can achieve a CO production of 181.4 μmol/g/h, which both exceed those of pristine TiO2 by more than one order of magnitude. The mechanism relies on the accurate control of atomic sites with high coverage and the subsequent excellent electron-hole separation along with favorable adsorption-desorption of intermediates on sites. This approach not only provides a novel strategy for inorganic catalytic single-sites with superior performance, but also identifies the rational design mechanisms of the efficient site with controllable production.
Shifts in P. falciparum genetic structure and gametocyte markers in the transition to elimination
Authors: Gupta Himanshu , Galatas Beatriz , Chidimatembue Arlindo , Simone Wilson , Matambisso Gloria , Pujol Arnau , Ruiz-Arenas Carlos , Gonzalez Juan , Nhamussa Lidia , Cisteró Pau , Rabinovich Regina , Alonso Pedro , Saúte Francisco , Aide Pedro , Mayor Alfredo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Large-scale programs targeting Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) elimination can exert strong selection pressures on the parasite population. To better understand the impact that elimination initiatives can have on Pf genetic structure and gametocyte carriage, we applied amplicon-based sequencing of two polymorphic Pf genes and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR targeting gametocyte-specific genes to Pf isolates collected in Magude District (Southern Mozambique) before and after an elimination initiative. The 71% reduction of Pf prevalence achieved in 2 years was followed by reductions in Pf genetic diversity and increases in between-infection similarity. These genetic shifts were accompanied by increases in the relative transcript number of the female mature gametocyte marker pfs25, the pfap2g transcription factor that drives gametocytogenesis and the sexual ring marker pfgexp02, suggesting the parasite ability of adapting its sexual investment during elimination initiatives. Reactive interventions that target Pf sexual stages may be required to achieve complete interruption of transmission.
Ground-state properties of super-heavy hydrogen-7
Authors: Caamano Manuel , roger thomas , Moro Antonio , Grinyer Gwen , Pancin Julien , Bagchi Soumya , Sambi Sara , Gibelin Julien , Fernández-Domínguez Beatriz , Itagaki Naoyu , Benlliure Jose , Cortina Dolores , Farget Fanny , Jacquot Bertrand , Pérez-Loureiro David , Pietras Benjamim , Raabe Riccardo , Ramos Diego , Rodríguez-Tajes Carme , Savajols Herve , Vandebrouck Marine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The properties of nuclei with extreme neutron–to–proton ratios, far from those naturally occurring on Earth, are key to understand nuclear forces and how nucleons hold together to form nuclei. 7H, with six neutrons and a single proton, is the nuclear system with the most unbalanced neutron–to–proton ratio known so far. However, its sheer existence and properties are still a challenge for experimental efforts and theoretical models. Here we report the formation of 7H as a resonance, detected with independent observables, and the first measurement of the structure and basic characteristics of its ground state. It is found that 7H is arranged as a 3H core surrounded by an extended four-neutron halo, with a unique four-neutron decay and a relatively long half-life thanks to neutron pairing. These properties are a prime example of new phenomena occurring in the most pure-neutron nuclear matter we can access in the laboratory.
Large Flux-Mediated Coupling in Hybrid Electromechanical System With A Transmon Qubit
Authors: Bera Tanmoy , Majumder Sourav , Sahu Sudhir , Singh Vibhor 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Control over the quantum states of a massive oscillator is important for several technological applications and to test the fundamental limits of quantum mechanics. Addition of an internal degree of freedom to the oscillator could be a valuable resource for such control. Recently, hybrid electromechanical systems using superconducting qubits, based on electric-charge mediated coupling, have been quite successful. Here, we realize a hybrid device, consisting of a superconducting transmon qubit and a mechanical resonator coupled using the magnetic-flux. The coupling stems from the quantum-interference of the superconducting phase across the tunnel junctions. We demonstrate a vacuum electromechanical coupling rate up to 4 kHz by making the transmon qubit resonant with the readout cavity. Consequently, thermal-motion of the mechanical resonator is detected by driving the hybridized-mode with mean-occupancy well below one photon. By tuning qubit away from the cavity, electromechanical coupling can be enhanced to 40 kHz. In this limit, a small coherent drive on the mechanical resonator results in the splitting of qubit spectrum, and we observe interference signature arising from the Landau–Zener–Stückelberg effect. With improvements in qubit coherence, this system offers a novel platform to realize rich interactions and could potentially provide full control over the quantum motional states.
Charge-Transfer Regulated Visible Light Driven Photocatalytic H2 Production and CO2 Reduction in Tetrathiafulvalene Based Coordination Polymer Gel
Authors: Verma Parul , Sarkar Pallavi , Singh Ashish , Pati Swapan , Maji Tapas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The much-needed renewable alternatives to fossil fuel can be achieved efficiently and sustainably by converting solar energy to solar fuels via hydrogen generation from water or CO2 reduction. In this regard, a soft processable metal-organic hybrid semiconducting material has been developed and studied for photocatalytic activity towards H2 production and CO2 reduction to CO and CH4 under visible light and direct sunlight irradiation. A tetrapodal low molecular weight gelator is synthesized by integrating tetrathiafulvalene and terpyridine through amide linkage (TPY-TTF). The TPY-TTF acts as a linker and by self-assembly with ZnII results in a charge-transfer (CT) coordination polymer gel (CPG); Zn-TPY-TTF. The Zn-TPY-TTF shows impressive photocatalytic activity towards H2 production (rate = 530 μmol g-1h-1) and CO2 reduction to CO (rate = 438 μmol g-1h-1, selectivity >99%) regulated by charge-transfer interaction. Furthermore, in-situ stabilization of Pt nanoparticles to CPG (Pt@Zn-TPY-TTF) exhibits remarkably enhanced H2 evolution (rate =14727 μmol g-1h-1). Importantly, Pt@Zn-TPY-TTF modulate the CO2 reduction from CO to CH4 (rate = 292 μmol g-1h-1, selectivity >97%). Real-time CO2 reduction reaction is monitored by in-situ DRIFT study and subsequent plausible mechanism is derived computationally. The photocatalytic activity of Zn-TPY-TTF and Pt@Zn-TPY-TTF composite was also examined under sunlight that display excellent H2 evolution and CO2 reduction.
Novel mutation in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A detected through newborn screening for a presymptomatic case in China：A case report and literature review
Authors: Fang Haining , Gan Yi , Yu Fei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background：Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) deficiency is a rare mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorder that results in hypoketotic hypoglycemia and hepatic encephalopathy. It is caused by mutation in CPT1A. To date, only two symptomatic cases of CPT1A deficiency have been reported in China.Case presentation: A newborn male, without any disease-related clinical manifestations, was diagnosed with CPT1A deficiency through newborn screening. Increased free carnitine levels and a significantly increased C0/(C16+C18) ratio were detected at 3 days of age, and subsequently, mutations in CPT1A were found by gene sequence analysis. The patient was advised a low-fat, high-protein diet and followed up regularly. During three-years of follow-up since, the patient showed normal growth velocity and developmental milestones. Whole-exome sequencing identified two mutations, c.2201T >C (p.F734S) and c.1318G>A (p.A440T), in the patient. The c.2201T >C mutation, which has been reported previously, was inherited from his father, while the c.1318G>A, a novel mutation, was inherited from his mother. The amino acid residues encoded by original sequences are highly conserved across different species. These mutations slightly altered the three-dimensional structure of the protein, as analyzed by molecular modeling, suggesting that they may be pathogenic.Conclusion: This is the first case of CPT1A deficiency detected through newborn screening based on diagnostic levels of free carnitine, in China. We identified two missense mutations, c.2201T >C and novel c.1318G>A, in the patient. Our findings have expanded the gene spectrum of this rare condition and provided a basis for family genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.
Assessing Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohaithef Mohammed AL 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Hand hygiene is a simple and effective practice that reduces the transmission of hospital acquired infections. However, adherence to hand hygiene guidelines among health care professionals is low. The aim of this study is to assess hand hygiene practices among nurses working in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methodology:
The standardized version of the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire was administered to nurses from six hospitals in the region of Asir.

Results:
300 nurses were approached to enroll 243 participants so the response rate was 81%. The study found that 65.4% (159) of the participants followed a good hand hygiene practice while 10.3% (25) showed inadequate hand hygiene practice. Good hand hygiene practice was found to be significantly higher among female participants (88%) than the male participants (44%). The participants from the department of internal medicine (43.5%) showed the highest percentage of inadequate hand hygiene practice while participants from the department of pediatrics reported a 100% good hand hygiene practice.

Conclusion: The male nurses and nurses working in the department of internal medicine require in-service educational intervention regarding hand hygiene to increase their compliance with its practice . Posters and other visual aids highlighting the significance of hand hygiene need to be displayed in all the departments to sensitize the importance of hand hygiene among nurses.
Individualizar o ensino secundário na França (anos 1930): uma tentativa de transposição dos métodos ativos por Henri Bouchet
Authors: Gutierrez Laurent 
Published: November 2020

Com sua tese sobre a individualização do ensino, Henri Bouchet pertence ao grupo dos pedagogos da Educação Nova, os quais alimentaram os debates em torno da necessidade de reformar o liceu nos anos 1930. Partidários de um ensino racional inspirado na norte-americana Helen Parkhurst, seus trabalhos indagam a maneira como seria possível transpor e difundir o método do Plano Dalton na França. Este artigo mostra como este militante dos métodos ativos, cujos trabalhos serão acirradamente discutidos no meio universitário, estabelece os fatores gerais da individualidade que governa o caminho e o progresso de todo pensamento humano. Pedagogo antes de tudo, Henri Bouchet deseja trabalhar “para e pelo concreto”, convidando aqueles que o lerão a tentarem a experiência dos métodos ativos em suas salas de aula.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL MICROSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS FOR DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT OF ALBENDAZOLE
Authors: J. A. CASTRO ALPIZAR , J. PACHECO MOLINA , R. VARGAS MONGE , G. MADRIGAL REDONDO 
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aimed to develop a microstructured lipid carrier that improves the rate of dissolution of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) Albendazole.
Methods: A solvent diffusion method was used for the development of microstructured lipid carriers. The developed carriers were characterized by optical microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and dissolution testing.
Results: The morphology of the carriers was irregular, and their size tends to decrease with the addition of modifiers. Furthermore, the diffractograms and the thermograms indicated a loss of crystallinity. The thermograms and infrared spectra showed that there are not chemical incompatibilities between the API and the excipients. When the lipid carrier particles were modified with Aerosil® 200 (specifically when using this excipient at a level of 6% w/w), dissolution was increased up to 85.96±1.17 % of the drug content as per USP test for Albendazole tablets in comparison with 36.13±0.52 % for a lipid carrier formulation without modifiers.
Conclusion: It was demonstrated that it is possible to develop a modified lipid carrier that improves the dissolution rate of an API with a low solubility, which was related to the amorphization of the API crystalline structure.
HYALURONIC ACID-DOCETAXEL CONJUGATE LOADED NANOLIPOSOMES FOR TARGETING TUMOR CELLS
Authors: SEIFU MULUNEH FROMSA , NATH LILA KANTA , DUTTA DEBASHIS 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Docetaxel (DTX), a potent anticancer drug, is suffering from non-specificity and drug resistance as major limitations. In this investigation, we developed Hyaluronic acid (HA)-Docetaxel conjugate (HA-DTX) loaded nanoliposomes to target cancer cells via passive and active targeting approaches.
Methods: HA-DTX was synthesized and characterized by UV-Visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction and then loaded into nanoliposomes (L-NLs) by thin-film hydration method. L-NLs were characterized physicochemically and evaluated for anticancer efficacy by in vitro cytotoxicity study in glioma cells (C6 glial cells); cellular uptake and apoptotic effect were investigated by fluorescence microscopy.
Results: HA-DTX was successfully synthesized; L-NLs had an average size of 123.0±16.53 nm, polydispersity index of 0.246±0.01 and zeta potential of 44.4±6.79 mV. Also, L-NLs exhibited 90.54%±4.22 of drug loading efficiency and 2.68%±0.12 of drug loading, releasing about 57.72%±1.17 at pH 5.2 and only 14.14%±1.32 at pH 7.4 after 48 h. No significant change instability was observed after storage at 5 °C±3 °C as well as at 25 °C±2 °C/60% RH±5% RH for 6 mo. The cytotoxicity effect of L-NLs was higher by 10% that of marketed formulation at 10 µg/ml docetaxel concentration. Fluorescence microscopic investigation showed that more cellular uptake and apoptotic effect were observed in L-NLs treated C6 glial cells than in those treated with the marketed formulation.
Conclusion: HA-DTX loaded nanoliposomes enabled docetaxel to target C6 glial cells with better efficacy and might be effective to treat glioma.
DETERMINATION OF SPIROMESIFEN, QUINOLPHOS, MONOCROTOPHOS, CARBENDAZIM AND ACEPHATE RESIDUE BEHAVIOUR IN OKRA (ABELMOSHUS ESCULENTUS) BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND THEIR DECONTAMINATION USING HOUSE HOLD PROCESSES
Authors: MUPPALLA HYMAVATI , PEDDI KIRANMAYI 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Field experiments were conducted at Agricultural University, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, Telanagana to study the dissipation kinetics of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos in okra fruit. Decontamination study was also conducted to evaluate quality of okra pods by reducing the residues of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos by using different processes such as 2% salt solution, acetic acid, biowash, butter milk, cooking, drying, Formula 1(T7), frying, lemon water, sodium bicarbonate, tamarind water and tap water.
Methods: All the pesticide residues with one test dose at two spray i.e., first spray at flowering stage and second spray after an interval of ten days was carried out. The samples drawn at specific periods were analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS/MS).
Results: The initial deposit of carbendazim, monocrotophos, spiromesifen, acephate and quinalphos in okra was found to be 2.239, 2.586, 2.401, 1.39, 0.78 mg/kg respectively. More than 98 % of carbendazim, spirofesifin, acephate and quinolphos dissipated after 15 d and monocrotophos was dissipated after 10 d. Sodium bicarbonate and 2% salt solution are the best methods for decontamination after cooking. The decontamination values of frying and formula 1 seems to be almost same. After these two methods biowash thought to be the method of choice.
Conclusion: These results are helpful in setting up maximum residual limit (MRLs) of these pesticides in okra in India. From the results, it could be recommended that cooking suits best for almost all of the pesticide residues.