bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of different parenting interventions on oral hygiene of cerebral palsy children: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: VPK Vedha , Mohanty Vikrant R. , Balappanavar Aswini Y. , Juneja Monica , Gupta Vaibhav , Kapoor Shivam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the effectiveness of different parenting interventions for improving oral hygiene of cerebral palsy (CP) children aged 4‐12 years.Methodology and resultsA randomized controlled trial was done among 60 CP children and parents visiting a tertiary care center in New Delhi. The study population was randomly assigned to experimental or control group (30 in each group). Parents/caregivers in the experimental group (Group 1) received video‐based dental health education (DHE) and the control group (Group 2) received conventional DHE. Each group also received two telephonic reinforcements at fourth and eighth week after the first intervention at baseline. The groups were assessed for sociodemographic, familial factors, medical history, oral hygiene practices, and oral hygiene status.At 3‐month follow‐up, the mean reduction in simplified oral hygiene index (OHI‐S), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) scores was 0.27, 0.17, and 0.09, respectively, in Group 1 (P‐value < .05). The mean reductions seen in Group 2 were 0.03 in OHI‐S, 0.14 in PI, and 0.04 in GI index (P‐value < .05, except for GI score: P‐value = .6).ConclusionVideo‐based DHE is effective and brings about significant improvement in oral hygiene status and oral health among CP children.
Accounting for model uncertainty in multiple imputation under complex sampling
Authors: Goh Gyuhyeong , Kim Jae Kwang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMultiple imputation provides an effective way to handle missing data. When several possible models are under consideration for the data, multiple imputation is typically performed under a single‐best model selected from the candidate models. This single‐model selection approach ignores the uncertainty associated with the model selection and so leads to underestimation of the variance of multiple imputation estimator. In this article, we propose a new multiple imputation procedure incorporating model uncertainty in the final inference. The proposed method incorporates possible candidate models for the data into the imputation procedure using the idea of Bayesian model averaging. The proposed method is directly applicable to handling item nonresponse in survey sampling. Asymptotic properties of the proposed method are investigated. A limited simulation study confirms that our model averaging approach provides better estimation performance than the single‐model selection approach.
Motives and barriers to initiation and sustained exercise adherence in a fitness club setting—A one‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Gjestvang Christina , Abrahamsen Frank , Stensrud Trine , Haakstad Lene A. H. 
Published: June 2020

No prospective studies have investigated motives and barriers to exercise in new untrained fitness club members. The aims of the present prospective longitudinal study were to (a) examine proportions reporting regular exercise, non‐regular exercise, and exercise dropout; (b) identify motives and barriers to exercise; and (c) compare motives between regular and non‐regular exercisers the first year of fitness club membership. New members (n = 250) were followed for 1 year. A questionnaire including demographics, exercise frequency, motives (EMI‐2), and barriers (18 common reported barriers) was used, and 184 answered at four time points (onset, and after 3, 6, and 12 months). Participants were categorized into regular exercise: ≥2 sessions/wk or non‐regular exercise: ≤1 session/wk, exercise relapse, or dropout. At 3, 6, and 12 months, 63.4%, 59.6%, and 57.2% exercised regularly, whereas 20.1%, 21.1%, and 28.3%, dropped out, respectively. Throughout the follow‐up, 37% reported regular exercise. At all time points, motives regarding positive health and strength/endurance were rated highest on a six‐point scale. Exercise dropouts rated priority as the greatest barrier. Regular exercisers rated the motives enjoyment (such as “I enjoy the feeling of exerting myself”) and challenge (such as “To give me goals to work towards”) higher than non‐regular exercisers (P = ≤.05). In conclusion, less than half exercised regularly, and most members were motivated by factors such as positive health and physical fitness the first year of fitness club membership. Higher levels of the motives enjoyment and challenge were associated with regular exercise.
Improved survival in critically injured combat casualties treated with fresh whole blood by forward surgical teams in Afghanistan
Authors: Gurney Jennifer , Staudt Amanda , Cap Andrew , Shackelford Stacy , Mann‐Salinas Elizabeth , Le Tuan , Nessen Shawn , Spinella Philip 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to assess transfusion strategies and outcomes, stratified by the combat mortality index, of casualties treated by small surgical teams in Afghanistan. Resuscitation that included warm fresh whole blood (FWB) was compared to blood component resuscitation.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSCasualties treated by a Role 2 surgical team in Afghanistan from 2008 to 2014 who received 1 or more units of red blood cells (RBCs) or FWB were included. Patients were excluded if they had incomplete data or length of stay less than 30 minutes. Patients were separated into two groups: 1) received FWB and 2) did not receive FWB; moreover, both groups potentially received plasma, RBCs, and platelets. The analysis was stratified by critically versus noncritically injured patients using the prehospital combat mortality index. Kaplan‐Meier plot, log‐rank test, and multivariable Cox regression were performed to compare survival.RESULTSIn FWB patients, median units of FWB and total blood product were 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.0‐7.0) and 16.0 (IQR, 10.0‐28.0), respectively. The Kaplan‐Meier plot demonstrated that survival was similar between FWB (79.1%) and no‐FWB (74.5%) groups (p = 0.46); after stratifying patients by the combat mortality index, the risk of mortality was increased in the no‐FWB group (hazard ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2‐6.4) compared to the FWB cohort.CONCLUSIONIn forward‐deployed environments, where component products are limited, FWB has logistical advantages and was associated with reduced mortality in casualties with a critical combat mortality index. Additional analysis is needed to determine if these effects of FWB are appreciable in all trauma patients or just in those with severe physiologic derangement.
A novel method to evaluate prethawing viability of cryopreserved CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells for autologous transplantation
Authors: Marinelli Busilacchi Elena , Costantini Andrea , Mancini Giorgia , Bencivenga Rossella , Olivieri Jacopo , Battaglini Giovanna , Velletri Laura , Viola Nadia , Butini Luca , Capelli Debora , Poloni Antonella , Olivieri Attilio 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDCryopreservation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is associated with variable loss of viability. Although postfreezing CD34+ cell viability can be assessed on the sampling tube (bag tail) directly connected to the main bag (mother bag), results often underestimate the actual viability observed when the mother bag is thawed and reinfused. We assessed a novel method to measure postfreezing CD34+ cell viability, based on small bag (minibag) samples; results were compared with those obtained on the corresponding mother bags and bag tails.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSixty‐one apheresis procedures of 42 patients undergoing autologous HSC transplant were analyzed. Viable CD34+ cells were quantified with flow cytometry before controlled rate freezing (ICE‐CUBE14M system, SY‐LAB‐ IceCube, SIAD), after 10 days of storage (mini‐bag and bag tail), and before reinfusion (aliquot from a thawed mother bag). Results were compared using Studentʼs t test and Spearmanʼs rho correlation test.RESULTSThe mean CD34+ cell viability before cryopreservation was 99.3% (confidence interval [CI], 98.94‐99.65%); the mean amount of CD34+ cells, white blood cells and neutrophils in the mother bag was 0.8 ± 1.1 × 109/L, 63.4 ± 23.5 × 109/L, and 25.7 ± 15.5 × 109/L, respectively. Mother bags postthawing CD34+ cell viability was 72.3% (CI, 67.74‐76.85%; p < 0.01 compared to prefreezing); no difference was observed with respect to minibags (73.7%; CI, 69.80‐77.59%; p = NS), whereas significantly lower values were found for bag tails (58.6%; CI, 54.19‐63.00%; p < 0.01 vs. both mini‐ and mother bags).CONCLUSIONCompared to bag tails, minibags represent a more accurate tool to measure the CD34+ cell viability of the apheresis mother bag prior to reinfusion; in addition, minibags may could be of help for case‐by‐case calculation of the amount of apheresis to be infused to patients undergoing autologous HSC transplant.
Transorbital postcaruncular endoscopic surgery as an alternative to orbital exploratory surgery: A cadaveric study and case report in a dog with an orbital sarcoma
Authors: Espinheira Gomes Filipe N. C. M. , Porter Ian , Sumner Julia P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a postcaruncular approach for transorbital endoscopy as an alternative, minimally invasive technique to access the orbital apex.Study designEx vivo and prospective clinical case report.AnimalsA 12‐year‐old male castrated cocker spaniel and three cadaver heads (one large breed dolichocephalic, one medium‐sized breed mesocephalic, and one small breed brachycephalic).MethodsTransorbital endoscopy was performed to obtain biopsies of an orbital apex mass by using a postcaruncular approach. A 2.7‐mm 30° rigid endoscope fitted with a cystoscope working sheath was used with the aid of a blunt suction‐dissector and fluid ingress. This procedure was first performed on three cadavers to assess feasibility and later performed in a clinical case.ResultsBy using a transorbital postcaruncular approach, it was possible to visualize and obtain biopsies from structures within the orbital apex with minimal perioperative morbidity. Dissection and expansion of the working space was facilitated with the aid of fluid ingress; however, judicious use of fluids is recommended because secondary orbital edema and chemosis can occur.ConclusionTransorbital endoscopy via a postcaruncular approach is feasible.Clinical significanceThis technique should be considered in cases in which a histological diagnosis is required prior to definitive treatment as a method to obtain biopsy samples of the orbital apex region without major surgical dissection.
Imaging Fatigue Damage Precursors Based on Nonlinear Phased Array Ultrasonic Measurements of Diffuse Field
Authors: Bunget Gheorghe , Rogers James , Bunget Cristina J. , Lavitz Analeia E. , Henley Stanley 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nonlinear ultrasonic (NLU) techniques have emerged as a potential solution to improve the resolution of nondestructive measurements to detect microstructural changes of cyclically loaded materials. However, current NLU methods need power-demanding instrumentation that is useful only in the laboratory settings. On the other hand, phased array systems provide the capability of sensing such changes when the later portion of the elastic waveforms, called diffuse field, is analyzed. Moreover, phased array systems are an excellent solution for field test measurement and imaging of material damage. This study explores the use of NLU metrics based on ratios of harmonic amplitudes and frequencies to map the buildup of damage precursors, such as crystal dislocations, under cyclic loading within the microstructure of fatigued 2024-T3 aluminum specimens. The results show that these metrics are highly sensitive to microstructural fatigue damage making them significantly important to measure mechanical properties, such as fracture toughness, that are extremely useful in predicting the remaining useful life of a studied material. A nonlinear metric of elastic energy that encapsulates the nonlinear effects of subharmonic and higher-harmonic generations and frequency ratio is proposed. These effects of spectral energy shifts are combined making this metric highly sensitive to nano- and micro-scale damage within the fatigued medium.
Preoperative disturbances of glucose metabolism and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Djupsjo Catarina , Sartipy Ulrik , Ivert Torbjorn , Karayiannides Stelios , Lundman Pia , Nystrom Thomas , Holzmann Martin J , Kuhl Jeanette 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDisturbances of glucose metabolism are important risk factors for coronary artery disease and are associated with an increased mortality risk. The aim was to investigate the association between preoperative disturbances of glucose metabolism and long-term all-cause mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsPatients undergoing a first isolated CABG in 2005–2013 were included. All patients without previously known diabetes underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before surgery. They were categorised as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), pre-diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose) or newly discovered diabetes. Data were collected from nationwide healthcare registers. Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted HR with 95% CI for death in patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes, using NGT as reference.ResultsIn total, 497 patients aged 40–86 years were included. According to OGTT, 170 (34%) patients had NGT, 219 (44%) patients with pre-diabetes and 108 (22%) patients had newly discovered diabetes. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups except for slightly higher age among patients with newly discovered diabetes. There were 133 (27%) deaths during a mean follow-up time of 10 years. The cumulative 10-year survival was 77% (69%–83%), 83% (77%–87%) and 71% (61%–79%) in patients with NGT, pre-diabetes and newly discovered diabetes, respectively. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the groups after multivariable adjustment.ConclusionIn this study, patients with pre-diabetes or newly discovered diabetes prior to CABG had similar long-term survival compared with patients with NGT.
QED exponentiation for quasi-stable charged particles: the $$e^-e^+\rightarrow W^-W^+$$ process
Authors: Jadach S. , Płaczek W. , Skrzypek M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAll real and virtual infrared singularities in the standard analysis of the perturbative Quantum Electrodynamics (like that of Yennie–Frautschi–Suura) are associated with photon emissions from the external legs in the scattering process. External particles are stable, with the zero decay width. Such singularities are well understood at any perturbative order and are resummed. The case of production and decay of the semi-stable neutral particles, like the Z-boson or the $$\tau $$τ-lepton, with the narrow decay width, $$\Gamma /M \ll 1$$Γ/M≪1, is also well understood at any perturbative order and soft-photon resummation can be done. For an absent or loose upper cut-off on the total photon energy $$\omega $$ω, production and decay processes of the semi-stable (neutral) particles decouple approximately and can be considered quasi-independently. In particular, the soft-photon resummation can be done separately for the production and the decay, treating a semi-stable (neutral) particle as stable. QED interference contributions between the production and decay stages are suppressed by the $$\Gamma /M$$Γ/M factor. If experimental precision $$\omega $$ω is comparable with or better than $$\Gamma /M$$Γ/M, these interferences have to be included. In the case of $$\omega \ll \Gamma $$ω≪Γ decoupling of production and decay does not work any more and the role of semi-stable particles is reduced to the same role as that of other internal off-shell particles. So far, consistent treatment of the soft photon resummation for semi-stable charged particles like the $$W^\pm $$W± bosons is not available in the literature, and the aim of this work is to present a solution to this problem. Generally, this should be feasible because the underlying physics is the same as in the case of neutral semi-stable resonances—in the limit of $$\Gamma /M \ll 1$$Γ/M≪1 the production and decay processes for charged particles also necessarily decouple due to long lifetime of intermediate particles. Technical problems to be solved in this work are related to the fact that semi-stable charged particle are able to emit photons. Practical importance of the presented technique to the $$e^+e^-\rightarrow W^+W^-$$e+e-→W+W- process at the Future electron–positron Circular Collider (FCC-ee) is underlined.
Development of YBCO soldered stacked conductor for current lead application
Authors: Xie Zongtai , Ning Feipeng , Zhu Zian , Zhao Ling , Zhang Guoqing , Liu Xuyang , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: June 2020

YBCO is currently one of the most widely used second-generation high temperature superconducting (HTS) materials. Compared with the first-generation HTS materials represented by BSCCO, the application of YBCO on the current lead can effectively reduce the 4K thermal load and achieve better stability. This paper introduces the research progress of YBCO soldered stacked conductor based on 65 [Formula: see text]m thickness YBCO film conductor with copper stabilizing layer. The electrical properties of the soldered stacked conductor, including the self-field dependence of the critical current, were tested and analyzed. In this paper, the thermal conductivity of the conductors at 4K is also tested by experimental platform based on GM cryocooler. The differences between superconducting stacked conductors in current lead applications and magnet applications were discussed.
New constraints on the tectonosedimentary evolution of the offshore San Pedro Basin (southeastern Dominican Republic): implications for its hydrocarbon potential
Authors: Gorosabel-Araus J. M. , Granja-Bruña J. L. , Gallego-Mingo A. , Gómez de la Peña L. , Rodríguez-Zurrunero A. , Mas R. , Carbó-Gorosabel A. , Navarro-Comet J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

The San Pedro Basin (SPB) is located at the southeastern margin of Hispaniola Island (Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is the largest offshore basin of the Dominican Republic with an extension of 6000 km
2
. The basin has a maximum water depth of 1600 m and is positioned to the rear of the Muertos Thrust Belt (MTB). The SPB is bounded to the west by the Azua Basin which has a proven petroleum system and small oil production has been recovered from the Maleno and Higuerito fields. While in the scientific literature the SPB and the Azua basins have been considered as disconnected sedimentary systems, our current study suggests both that shared a common tectonic evolution and therefore the presence of an untested petroleum system in the SPB can be expected. We have carried out a detailed review and synthesis of the onshore systematic geological mapping (the SYSMIN I and II programmes) together with the integration of a large volume of subsurface geophysical data. This includes analysis of 60 exploration wells provided by Banco Nacional de Datos de Hidrocarburos (BNDH) of the Dominican Republic, processing of new 2D multi-channel seismic data from the Spanish Research Project NORCARIBE, reprocessing of legacy seismic profiles, and interpretation of gravity and magnetic data. Our results have led us to propose a new evolution model for the SPB. The basement of both basins consists of Cretaceous sedimentary and volcanic rocks of intra- and back-arc settings. A change in the stress regime in the Campanian led to partial inversion of the basement units favouring the deposition of two main sequences of Campanian–Maastrichtian and Paleocene?–Eocene age in a submarine foreland setting. Due to collision between the Carbonate Bahamas Province and Hispaniola in the middle Eocene, compressional stresses were transferred to the south where Cretaceous and Paleogene sediments were deformed, forming the current configuration of the MTB and generating a new accommodation space where the SPB has developed since upper Eocene–Oligocene until Present. While the Azua Basin was finally exhumed after the Miocene–Pliocene, most of the SPB continued as an actively subsiding basin. This new model has allowed identification of the main elements of the petroleum system in the SPB: a mature Upper Cretaceous source rock; and Oligocene–Miocene carbonate and clastic reservoirs interbedded with sealing shales and marls. Main traps (structural and stratigraphic) are of Oligocene–Miocene age and their formation seems to be synchronous to oil generation. While the main elements of the petroleum system seem to be present in the basin, timing is a key issue that must be addressed and assessed in any future exploration in the basin.
Incidence of Acute Ischemic Stroke With Visible Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Duloquin Gauthier , Graber Mathilde , Garnier Lucie , Crespy Valentin , Comby Pierre-Olivier , Baptiste Laura , Mohr Sophie , Delpont Benoit , Guéniat Julien , Blanc-Labarre Christelle , Hervieu-Bègue Marie , Osseby Guy-Victor , Giroud Maurice , Béjot Yannick 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose:
Because of several methodological limitations, previous studies focusing on the prevalence of large vessel occlusion in ischemic stroke (IS) patients provided conflicting results. We evaluated the incidence of IS with a visible arterial occlusion using a comprehensive population-based registry.

Methods:
Patients with acute IS were prospectively identified among residents of Dijon, France, using a population-based registry (2013–2017). All arterial imaging exams were reviewed to assess arterial occlusion. Annual incidence rates of IS (first-ever and recurrent events) and IS with a visible occlusion were calculated.

Results:

One thousand sixty cases of IS were recorded (mean age: 76.0±15.8 years, 53.9% women). Information about arterial imaging was available in 971 (91.6%) of them, and only preexisting dementia was independently associated with having missing information (odds ratio=0.34 [95% CI, 0.18–0.65],
P
=0.001). Among these patients, 284 (29.2%) had a visible arterial occlusion. Occlusion site was the anterior circulation in 226 patients (23.3% of overall patients with available data) and the posterior circulation in 58 patients (6.0%). A proximal occlusion of the anterior circulation was observed in 167 patients (17.2%). The crude annual incidence rate of total IS per 100 000 was 138 (95% CI, 129–146). Corresponding standardized rates were 66 (95% CI, 50–82) to the World Health Organization and 141 (95% CI, 118–164) to the 2013 European populations. The crude annual incidence rate of IS with a visible arterial occlusion per 100 000 was 37 (95% CI, 33–41) and that of IS with a proximal occlusion of the anterior circulation was 22 (95% CI, 18–25). Corresponding standardized rates were 18 (95% CI, 10–26) and 10 (95% CI, 8–13) to the World Health Organization population, and 38 (95% CI, 26–50) and 23 (95% CI, 19–26) to the 2013 European population, respectively.

Conclusions:
These results will be helpful to plan the need for thrombectomy-capable stroke center resources.