bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND METHOD VALIDATION FOR DETERMINATION ASSAY AND CONTENT UNIFORMITY OF LEVONORGESTREL BY REVERSED-PHASE HIGHPERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Pal Vikas kumar , Pal Yogendra 
Published: May 2020

Object: The main objective of the complete study is to develop a new method and also to validate the developed method for the determination of Assay and Content Uniformity of Levonorgestrel by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).
Methods: RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous estimation of levonorgestrel using Hypersil ODS, 125 mm×4.6 mm×5 μm C8 column with a mixture of water, and acetonitrile solution with a ratio of 50:50 as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/min with a detection of quantification wavelength of 242 nm. Method was selected after calculating system suitability and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Results: The developed analytical method parameters found within the limits as given in ICH and USP Guidelines and the total chromatographic analysis time per sample was 8 min with Levonorgestrel Eluting with retention time of 4.479, 4.479, and 4.467 min, respectively. The validated HPLC method was successfully applied for the determination of dissolution of levonorgestrel tablets.
Conclusion: The method is simple, precise, specific, and accurate. The newly developed method can be used for routine analysis of Levonorgestrel in tablet dosage form.
EFFECTS OF SWISS BALL EXERCISE AND STRETCHING EXERCISE IN CHEST WALL MOBILITY AND SHOULDER RANGE OF MOTION AMONG POST-OPERATIVE BREAST CANCER WOMEN
Authors: K Rekha , RIHANA SM RESHMA 
Published: May 2020

Objectives of the Study: The objectives of the study were to determine and compare the effects of Swiss ball exercises and stretching exercises in improving chest expansion, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and shoulder range of motion (ROM) among post-operative breast cancer women.
Methods: The study included 20 females who underwent surgery for breast carcinoma. Each group consists of 10 participants who were assessed for chest expansion at three levels, FEV1, and shoulder ROM for flexion and abduction. Group A was treated with Swiss ball exercises and Group B was treated with stretching exercises for a period of 4 weeks, 5 days/week following which post-test was performed same as of pre-test.
Results: Comparison between Swiss ball Group A and stretching Group B shows the chest expansion measurement at axillary level has a significant difference between the groups with p=0.0001, fourth intercostal level showed a difference in mean with p=0.004 and xiphisternal level p-value observed as (0.001), FEV1 between the group also shows significant changes in the post-test with a p=0.0481 and shoulder flexion ROM was increased in post-test when compared to pre-test scores with a p=0.0042 and abduction ROM also showed a significant difference with p=0.0463. Thereby, the post-test scores of Group A are higher than the Group B.
Conclusion: Exercise training on Swiss ball is more effective than stretching in treating post-operative breast cancer patients.
EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE IN HEART AURICULAR POINT IN TWO INDEXES OF DIGITAL VOLUME PULSE IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
Authors: SERRANO-MORALES MIGUEL MIZRAIM , MEJÍA-GONZÁLEZ MARCIAL , CASTAÑEDA-RAMÍREZ MOISÉS SALVADOR , RIVAS-VILCHIS JOSÉ FEDERICO 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the changes in two indices derived from the digital volume pulse (DVP) elicited by acupuncture in auricular heart acupoint in healthy subjects.
Methods: Eighteen healthy subjects aged 26.22±2.98 years (mean±standard deviation) were assigned to receive auricular acupuncture in auricular heart acupoint in the right ear. The DVP was recorded by photoplethysmography. RIDVP was determined by the relative amplitudes of systolic and diastolic components of the DVP and SIDVP, by the relative timing of these components. Auricular acupoint heart was stimulated by manual acupuncture. The RIDVP and SIDVP indices were calculated for basal and post-acupuncture conditions.
Results: Both RIDVP (p=0.0375) and SIDVP (p=0.0063) were significantly decreased by acupuncture of the right auricular acupoint heart when comparing the pre- and post-acupuncture values.
Conclusions: These results indicate that manual acupuncture of auricular acupoint heart produces acute effects on vascular physiology. RIDVP and SIDVP indices can be used to assess and demonstrate a vasodilatory activity of auricular acupoint heart.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AgNPs) USING HELVELLA LEUCOPUS PERS. AND THEIR ANTIMYCOTIC ACTIVITY AGAINST FUNGI CAUSING FUNGAL ROT OF APPLE
Authors: TALIE MEHRAJUD DIN , HAMID WANI ABDUL , AHMAD NUSRAT , YAQUB BHAT MOHD , MOHD WAR JOHN 
Published: May 2020

Objectives: The main objective of the present study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green approach using Helvella leucopus and to evaluate the antimycotic activity of synthesized AgNPs against fungi causing fungal rot of apple.
Methods: During the present study for green synthesis of AgNPs using H. leucopus, equal volumes of both mushroom extract (100 ml) and silver nitrate solution (100 ml) were mixed and incubated at room temperature for the bioreduction process. These synthesized AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, these synthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their antimycotic activity by spore germination method and agar well diffusion assay against different tested fungi.
Results: The results revealed that strong plasmon absorbance band was observed at 420 nm which confirms the synthesis of AgNPs using H. leucopus. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical in aggregated form with size ranging from 80 to 100 nm. Furthermore, different concentrations of synthesized AgNPs caused significant inhibition in spore germination and reduction in zone of inhibition of tested fungal pathogens. The highest inhibition in spore germination by AgNPs at highest concentrations was observed against Penicillium chrysogenum followed by Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata, respectively. Similarly, the synthesized AgNPs at highest concentrations showed maximum zone of inhibition against P. chrysogenum followed by A. niger and A. alternata, respectively.
Conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that synthesized AgNPs have good potential to be used as antifungal agents against many fungal plant pathogens. The synthesized AgNPs using mushroom fungi also have potential for the development of nanofungicides against fungal pathogens but after proper investigation.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NEW MEDICATED CHEWING FOR THE TREATMENT OF NAUSEA AND VOMITING INDUCED BY CHEMOTHERAPY, RADIATION THERAPY, AND POST-OPERATIVE CONDITIONS IN CANCER
Authors: LALL DIPESH  , SHRUTI RATHOR , PRANAY SONI 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study was formulation and evaluation of new medicated chewing for the treatment of nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and post-operative conditions in cancer using ondansetron hydrochloride as drug candidate.
Methods: The medicated chewing gum of ondansetron hydrochloride (OHC) was prepared by direct compression mold method. Four formulations were selected for study which was showing good physicochemical properties and drug release. Formulations were characterized for physical evaluation, weight variation, stickiness, hardness/plasticity, in vitro drug release, estimation of chewing gum consistency and drug release study in saliva.
Results: All the formulations gave satisfactory results in physical evaluation, weight variation, stickiness, and hardness. The formulation medicated chewing gum II (MCG II) showed best in vitro drug release which is 97% in 30 min and it is also more accepted by the people. Drug release in saliva also indicated that more than 50% drug release occurs within 15 min.
Conclusion: Medicated chewing gum is a cost-effective product and also showed better compliance and increase in bioavailability.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF BILAYER TABLETS FOR IMMEDIATE AND CONTROLLED RELEASE OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: Saikia Rablee , Sahu Bhanu Pratap 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate bi-layer tablets for the immediate and controlled release of Metformin Hydrochloride for effective treatment of type 2 Diabetes mellitus.Methods: The immediate release layer was prepared by using super disintegrants like cross carmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate and sustained release layer was prepared by using hydrophilic polymer like HPMC K 100 and PVP. Various proportions of super disintegrants and polymer were used to select the best formulation composition. Bilayer tablet of metformin was prepared by wet granulation method and was evaluated for physical characteristics like hardness, weight variation, and friability. In vitro release of drug was performed in USP type II dissolution test apparatus using phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) as dissolution media and dissolution was continued for 9 h for the sustained release layer. For immediate release layer, readings were recorded in each 10 min time interval for the first 1h.Results: From the obtained result it was found that all the formulations were within the limit of the standard. The hardness was found to be in the ranges from 5.1 to 5.5 kg/cm2, weight variation was in the range 0.53% to 0.83%, friability of all the formulations was within the range (<1%)and percentage of drug content was more than 97%. The drug release of the tablet was in the range of 85%-91% in 9 h.Conclusion: From the result obtained, it is found that the formulation F6 satisfies all the criteria as sustained release tablet for the effective treatment of type 2Diabetes mellitus.Â Â
Prosedur Penerapan Dokumen Bill Of Lading Dalam Aktivitas Ekspor-Impor
Authors: Ayu FeviLia Dea , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Arthanaya I Wayan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract-The development and advancement of an industry in trade which is increasingly rapidly influencing the world economy, especially in international trade through exports and imports. The Bill of Lading in Indonesian is known as the "agreement" which is the most important shipping document in the process of shipping goods by sea transportation to reduce responsibility for the risks that will arise in international trade. Bill of Lading (B / L) is one of the important documents of the Letter of Credit (L / C) as a means of payment transactions for exporters and importers. So that the formulation of the problem used: 1) What is the role of the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? 2) What is the procedure for applying the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? The research method used is the normative legal research method so that the problem approach used is the legislation approach, and conceptual approach, and uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. So that the legal material collection technique used is the documentation technique by processing and analyzing legal materials that have been collected using legal arguments. The results of this study can be concluded that the regulation of the Bill of Lading (B / L) can be seen through the provisions of Article 506, the Commercial Law (KUHD); Article 25 paragraph (1) of Law No. 39 of 2007 concerning Excise.
Keywords: Bill of Lading, International Trade, and Letter of Credit.

Abstract-The development and advancement of an industry in trade which is increasingly rapidly influencing the world economy, especially in international trade through exports and imports. The Bill of Lading in Indonesian is known as the "agreement" which is the most important shipping document in the process of shipping goods by sea transportation to reduce responsibility for the risks that will arise in international trade. Bill of Lading (B / L) is one of the important documents of the Letter of Credit (L / C) as a means of payment transactions for exporters and importers. So that the formulation of the problem used: 1) What is the role of the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? 2) What is the procedure for applying the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? The research method used is the normative legal research method so that the problem approach used is the legislation approach, and conceptual approach, and uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. So that the legal material collection technique used is the documentation technique by processing and analyzing legal materials that have been collected using legal arguments. The results of this study can be concluded that the regulation of the Bill of Lading (B / L) can be seen through the provisions of Article 506, the Commercial Law (KUHD); Article 25 paragraph (1) of Law No. 39 of 2007 concerning Excise.
Kata Kunci: Bill of Lading, transaksi international, surat kredit
Pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa dalam Pemerintahan Desa
Authors: Rudiarta I Ketut Gede , Arthanaya I Wayan , Suryani Luh Putu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract-Village or what is called by another name or an area that is thick with tradition and relatively independent. Based on this, the village must be recognized and understood as a legal community unit that has rights and authority in managing and managing village funding and the community to achieve village welfare. Related to the expansion of the village, formulation of the problem can be made as follows: what are the local government policies on managing village fund allocation and how is community participation in managing village fund allocation. This paper was made to find at local govermmeny policies and community participation in the management of village fund allocations based on statutory regulations. Management of village fund allocation, namely the overall activities which include planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability of The village funds. The type of research used is normative research. The village fund allocation has been regulated in article 72 paragraph 1 latter C and article 72 paragraph 3 of law number 6 of 2014 concerning village states that one source of village income is part of the results of regional taxes and retribution of the regency / city and regional tax and retribution. City at least 10% (ten percent) of regional taxes and levies. Therefore, there is a need for local government policies and community participation to oversee the implementation of village funds.
Keywords: Management, village funds, village management.

Abstrak-Desa atau yang disebut dengan nama lain merupakan suatu daerah yang kental akan tradisi serta relatif mandiri. Desa harus diakui keberadaannya dan disadari sebagai satuan masyarakat hukum yang mempunyai hak serta kekuasaan dalam mengatur dan mengurus pendanaan desa serta masyarakat guna meningkatkan pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mencapai kesejahteraan desa. Dalam hal ini maka dapat dirumuskan masalah yaitu: bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam pengelolaan alokasi dana desa serta bagaimana partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan alokasi dana desa. Tulisan ini dibuat untuk mengetahui kebijakan pemerintah daerah serta partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan alokasi dana desa berdasarkan peraturan perundang undangan. Pengelolaan alokasi dana desa yaitu kegiatan yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggung jawaban dana desa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian normatif. Alokasi dana desa diatur didalam Pasal 72 Ayat (1) huruf c dan Pasal 72 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa menyebutkan ada bagian sumber pendapatan desa adalah bagian dari hasil pajak daerah serta retribusi daerah kabupaten/kota dan bagian hasil pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah kabupaten kota paling sedikit 10% (sepuluh perseratus) dari pajak dan retribusi daerah. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya kebijakan pemerintah daerah serta partisipasi masyarakat untuk mengawasi jalannya alokasi dana desa.
Kata kunci: Pengelolaan, dana desa, pemerintah desa.
Efficacy of Long-Term Silicone Central Venous Catheters Impregnated With Minocycline and Rifampin
Authors: Richardson Deborah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Central venous catheters (CVCs) have become a mainstay and much-needed technology in providing care to patients; for oncology patients, CVCs are indispensable. Although there are clear advantages in using CVCs, complications sometimes occur. One of the most significant and most common complications is catheter-related bloodstream injection (CRBSI). Over the years, many interventions have been developed and found to decrease CRBSI. One such intervention is described in a recent research study that focused on long-term silicone catheters impregnated with minocycline and rifampin. This article discusses this study and its results.
Analysis of the Efficiency Level of Sharia Rural Financing Bank (SRFB ) Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Mariana Leyla , Harun Harun 
Published: May 2020

This research aims to analyze the efficiency level of Sharia Rural Financing Bank (SRFB) in Surakarta. This study used data from four Rural Sharia Banks taken from www.ojk.co.id, which published its annual report. This study conducted input-output variables with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method as a tool of analysis. The results of the research showed that the SRFB Dana Amanah is indicated as efficient during the 2017 period. The other three are indicated as inefficient in the last quarter. The inefficiency source came from its operational cost and its incapability to get higher output.
Pengaruh Tata Ruang Terhadap Perilaku Wisatawan di Kawasan Nol Kilometer Yogyakarta
Authors: Astriecia Aisha 
Published: May 2020

Kawasan Titik Nol Kilometer merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata yang menjadi satu rangkaian dengan kawasan wisata Malioboro. Kawasan Titik Nol Kilometer selain menjadi destinasi wisata, juga merupakan kawasan cagar budaya dan ruang publik yang memiliki keunikan pada fungsi keruangannya dan bangunan-bangunan tua di sekitarnya. Hal tersebut menjadikan kawasan ini sering dimanfaatkan pengunjung sebagai tempat untuk berkumpulmaupun tempat singgah menikmati suasana Kota Jogja. Penataan kawasan Titik Nol Kilometer dilihat secara visual memiliki perbedaan di setiap sisinya yang mempengaruhi pola perilaku wisatawan, terutama saat malam hari. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh tata ruang di pelataran kawasan Titik Nol Kilometer Yogyakarta terhadap perilaku pengunjung di tiap sisi pelataran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptifobservatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pelataran sisi Barat atau zona penelitian satu cenderung jarang disinggahi pengunjung dikarenakan penataan ruang yang lebih padat, pencahayaan yang redup, dan aroma yang tak sedap, sehingga wisatawan merasa kurang nyaman berada di zona tersebut. Sedangkan di sisi Timur cenderung lebih ramai dikarenakan lebih terbuka, sehingga pengunjung dapat melihat secara menyeluruh bangunan budaya yang terdapat di kawasan ini.
Penerapan Tolok Ukur Mac dari Greenship Neighborhood Versi 1.0 dan Evaluasi Subjektif pada Kawasan Kebun Raya Indrokilo Di Boyolali.
Authors: Kholid Naufal , Syamsiyah Nur Rahmawati 
Published: May 2020

Kebun Raya Indrokilo (KRI) merupakan kawasan cagar alam yang dibangun sebagai sarana edukasi dan konservasi tumbuhan hutan hujan dataran rendah dan sebagai bentuk upaya menjaga keanekaragaman hayati dari degradasi habitat. Untuk itu kawasan ini menarik untuk diteliti bagaimana penerapan arsitektur hijau pada kawasan serta bagaimana opini pengunjungmengenai sarana yang ada. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menilai penerapan tolok ukur movement and connectivity (MAC) dan mengetahui evaluasi subjektif dari pengunjung. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif berupa penjelasan dari penilaian parameter MAC, dan metode kuantitatif dalam memberikan penilaian dan prosentase evaluasi subjektif. Data hasil tolok ukur MAC dikomparasikan dengan hasil wawancara dengan jumlah sample 20 orang pengunjung Kebun Raya dengan intensitas kunjungan yang bervariasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kawasan ini adalah Kebun Raya Indrokilo memenuhi 17 nilai dari 26 nilai maksimal pada kategori MAC dan persentase kepuasan pengunjung sebesar 45%. Adanya upaya penerapan arsitektur hijau pada kawasan Kebun Raya Indrokilo oleh pengelola, dapat dilihat dari penilaian MAC dari greenship yang diterapkan oleh KRI mencapai 13% dari 21% persentase maksimal pada kategori tersebut tetapi perlu adanya sinergi antara penerapan greenship dengan upaya edukasinya kepada masyarakat.
Produksi Seresah pada Tegakan Hutan di Blok Penelitian dan Pendidikan Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman Provinsi Lampung
Authors: . Riyanto , . Indriyanto , Bintoro Afif 
Published: May 2020

Litter had an important function in a forest. The nutrients were derived from the litter is useful to improve the soil. The purposes of the research to determine the production of the litter, the analyse plants species and stands density, the correlation between litter production and stands density, the correlation between litter production and the number of plant species at research and educational block of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park. The research was conducted on October--December 2011 by using partition-line method. The litter was taken on a plot 1m x 1m in size systematically. The plants species found in the research area were avocado, palm, bisoro, cocoa, dadap, duku, durian, rubber, hazelnut, coffea, jackfruit, petai, betel nuts, rambutan, rosewood, and gnetum gnemon. The density of stands in research area dominated by cocoa trees. Based on the correlation analysis, forest stand density known influence the litter production. The high forest stand density increases litter production, whereas the correlation among litter production and the number of plant species is less influential, because not every plant able to fall out the leave easily. Key words : forest stands, litter, research and educational block
Analisis Finansial Usaha Budidaya Lebah Madu Apis Cerana Fabr. Di Dusun Sidomukti Desa Buana Sakti Kecamatan Batanghari Kabupaten Lampung Timur
Authors: Kurnia Sari Nanda , Qurniati Rommy , Hilmanto Rudi 
Published: May 2020

Honey consumption in Indonesia 10 gr/capital/year, nevertheleses the honey production only 3 gr/capital/year (Murtidjo, 2011).Due to the highest demand of honey so it is neededhoney bee entrerprises.The purpose of this research was to know on financial feasibility of the ApisceranaFabr. honey bee enterprises.The research was conducted at Sub Village Sidomukti Village Buana Sakti Sub District Batanghari East Lampung on March -- April 2012 usedmethod interview with questionnairesand observationdirectlyused R/C Ratio and BEP (Break Event Point).The results showed thatthe ApisCeranaFabr.honey bee enterprisesin Sub VillageSidomuktiusing stup and glodok (traditional stup).Based on economic life stup and glodok for two years so financiallyviablehoney bee enterprisesperformed usingstupmediawiththe value ofR/Cratio> 1 is1,616 with numberto be producedto reach the breakevent pointwere 75stupor at priceRp Rp 174.807,94/stup so the honey bee farmers will get benefit of Apis cerana Fabr. honey bee enterprises. Key words : Apis cerana Fabr., financialanalysis, honeybee