bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structured carbon foam derived from waste biomass: application to endocrine disruptor adsorption
Authors: Zbair Mohamed , Ojala Satu , Khallok Hamza , Ainassaari Kaisu , El Assal Zouhair , Hatim Zineb , Keiski Riitta L. , Bensitel Mohamed , Brahmi Rachid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a novel structured carbon foam has been prepared from argan nut shell (ANS) was developed and applied in bisphenol A (BPA) removal from water. The results showed that the prepared carbon foam remove 93% of BPA (60 mg/L). The BPA equilibrium data obeyed the Liu isotherm, displaying a maximum uptake capacity of 323.0 mg/g at 20 °C. The calculated free enthalpy change (∆H° = − 4.8 kJ/mol) indicated the existence of physical adsorption between BPA and carbon foam. Avrami kinetic model was able to explain the experimental results. From the regeneration tests, we conclude that the prepared carbon foam has a good potential to be used as an economic and efficient adsorbent for BPA removal from contaminated water. Based on these results and the fact that the developed structured carbon foam is very easy to separate from treated water, it can serve as an interesting material for real water treatment applications.
Current understanding and applications of the cold sintering process
Authors: Yu Tong , Cheng Jiang , Li Lu , Sun Benshuang , Bao Xujin , Zhang Hongtao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In traditional ceramic processing techniques, high sintering temperature is necessary to achieve fully dense microstructures. But it can cause various problems including warpage, overfiring, element evaporation, and polymorphic transformation. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel processing technique called “cold sintering process (CSP)” has been explored by Randall et al. CSP enables densification of ceramics at ultra-low temperature (⩽300°C) with the assistance of transient aqueous solution and applied pressure. In CSP, the processing conditions including aqueous solution, pressure, temperature, and sintering duration play critical roles in the densification and properties of ceramics, which will be reviewed. The review will also include the applications of CSP in solid-state rechargeable batteries. Finally, the perspectives about CSP is proposed.
Study of the management efficiency of the drinking water supply in arid areas: case of Bechar city (southwest of Algeria)
Authors: Kendouci Mohammed Amin , Bendida Ali , Mebarki Saliha , Kharroubi Benali 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Bechar, a typical Saharan city with an arid climate, receives an average annual rainfall of around 72 mm. Two resources ensure the supply of drinking water to the city of Bechar; the first comes from a catchment field consisting of eight boreholes, and the second comes from the Djorf Torba dam located in the west at about 45 km where is located the drinking water treatment plant. Water scarcity and water supply disruption have caused residents of Bechar city connected to the water supply system to invest in relatively expensive storage and pumping facilities to meet their domestic needs. The survey was conducted on a sample of 20% of the population of Bechar city in a period of 4 months. Through the survey, we have reached that 74% of citizens of Bechar city are not satisfied with the quality and quantity of water and 59% of respondents are not satisfied with the water pressure and are therefore forced to use the pumps.
MAuto: Automatic Mobile Game Testing Tool Using Image-Matching Based Approach
Authors: Tuovenen J. , Oussalah M. , Kostakos P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The exponential increase in the speed of the mobile industry has led to a decreasing quality in many associated mobile apps. Besides, the number of distinct Android devices reached thousands. This challenged the development of universally accepted test applications that can run on all devices. This paper focuses on the development of a new mobile game testing framework, referred to, MAuto. MAuto records the user actions in the game and replays the tests on any Android device. MAuto uses image recognition, through AKAZE features, to record the test cases and the Appium framework to replay the user actions automatically. The feasibility of the developed tool has been demonstrated through testing on the Clash of Clans mobile game.
Zooarchaeological Database Preservation, Multiscalar Data Integration, and the Collaboration of the Eastern Archaic Faunal Working Group
Authors: Neusius Sarah W. , Styles Bonnie W. , Peres Tanya M. , Walker Renee B. , Crothers George M. , Smith Beverley A. , Colburn Mona L. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTData preservation, reuse, and synthesis are important goals in contemporary archaeological research that have been addressed by the recent collaboration of the Eastern Archaic Faunal Working Group (EAFWG). We used the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR) to preserve 60 significant legacy faunal databases from 23 Archaic period archaeological sites located in several contiguous subregions of the interior North American Eastern Woodlands. In order to resolve the problem of synthesizing non-standardized databases, we used the ontology and integration tools available in tDAR to explore comparability and combine datasets so that our research questions about aquatic resource use during the Archaic could be addressed at multiple scales. The challenges of making digital databases accessible for reuse, including the addition of metadata, and of linking disparate data in queryable datasets are significant but worth the effort. Our experience provides one example of how collaborative research may productively resolve problems in making legacy data accessible and usable for synthetic archaeological research.
Archaeological Analysis in the Information Age: Guidelines for Maximizing the Reach, Comprehensiveness, and Longevity of Data
Authors: Kansa Sarah W. , Atici Levent , Kansa Eric C. , Meadow Richard H. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWith the advent of the Web, increased emphasis on “research data management,” and innovations in reproducible research practices, scholars have more incentives and opportunities to document and disseminate their primary data. This article seeks to guide archaeologists in data sharing by highlighting recurring challenges in reusing archived data gleaned from observations on workflows and reanalysis efforts involving datasets published over the past 15 years by Open Context. Based on our findings, we propose specific guidelines to improve data management, documentation, and publishing practices so that primary data can be more efficiently discovered, understood, aggregated, and synthesized by wider research communities.
MULTIVARIATE GEOMETRIC TAIL- AND RANGE-VALUE-AT-RISK
Authors: Herrmann Klaus , Hofert Marius , Mailhot Mélina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA generalization of range-value-at-risk (RVaR) and tail-value-at-risk (TVaR) for d-dimensional distribution functions is introduced. Properties of these new risk measures are studied and illustrated. We provide special cases, applications and a comparison with traditional univariate and multivariate versions of the TVaR and RVaR.
POLITICS IN SCHOOLGIRL DEBATING CULTURES IN ENGLAND, 1886–1914
Authors: SUNDERLAND HELEN 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTDebating was an important part of schoolgirls’ political education in late Victorian and Edwardian England that has been overlooked in the scholarship on female education and civics instruction. Debates offered middle- and working-class schoolgirls an embodied and interactive education for citizenship. Considering both the content of discussions and the process of debating, this article argues that school debates provided a unique opportunity for girls to discuss political ideas and develop political skills. Debates became intertwined with girls’ peer cultures, challenging contemporary and historiographical assumptions of girlhood apoliticism. Positioning girls as political subjects sheds new light on political change in modern Britain. Schoolgirl debates show how gendered political boundaries were shifting in this period. Within the unique space of the school debating chamber, girls were free to appropriate and subvert ‘masculine’ political subjects and ways of speaking. In mock parliaments, schoolgirls re-created the archetypal male political space of the House of Commons, demonstrating their familiarity with parliamentary politics. Schoolgirl debates therefore foreshadowed initiatives that promoted women's citizenship after partial suffrage was achieved in 1918, and they help to explain how the first women voters were assimilated easily into existing party and constitutional politics.
Determinants of diabetes in Bangladesh using two approaches: an analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey 2011
Authors: Swasey Krystal K. , Gupta Rajat Das , Nayeem Jannatun , Kibria Gulam Muhammed Al 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis cross-sectional study analysed data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 to investigate factors associated with diabetes in Bangladesh. Data were analysed using logistic and log-binomial regressions to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence ratios (PRs), respectively. Among the 7544 respondents aged ≥35 years, the estimated prevalence of diabetes was 11.0%. In the adjusted analysis, survey participants in the age group 55–64 years (adjusted PR [APR]: 1.8, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.4, 2.2; adjusted OR [AOR]: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.5, 2.5) and those with at least secondary education level (APR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.6; AOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.7) were more likely to have diabetes than those in the age group 35–44 years and those with no education. Furthermore, respondents living in Khulna (APR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.6; AOR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.6) were less likely to have diabetes than people living in Barisal. While adjusted estimates of PR and OR were similar in terms of significance of association, the magnitude of the point estimate was attenuated in PR compared with the OR. Nevertheless, the measured factors still had a significant association with diabetes in Bangladesh. The results of this study suggest that Bangladeshi adults would benefit from increased education on, and awareness of, the risk factors for diabetes. Focused public health intervention should target these high-risk populations.
Effect of chronic suppurative otitis media on distortion product otoacoustic emission input–output functions in conventional and ultra-high frequencies
Authors: Kirubaharane S I , Palani S , Alexander A , Sreenivasan A 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDetection and valid measurements of distortion product otoacoustic emissions are not influenced by cochlear status alone, but also by middle-ear status. There is a need to understand the use of ultra-high frequency distortion product otoacoustic emissions in cases of abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emission findings for conventional frequencies related to the middle-ear condition.MethodThe present study investigated distortion product otoacoustic emission input–output functions in conventional and ultra-high frequencies in: 37 adults with chronic suppurative otitis media (clinical group) and 37 adults with normal hearing sensitivity (control group).ResultsThere were significant reductions in distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitude and mean signal-to-noise ratio in the clinical group compared to the control group, especially for conventional frequencies.ConclusionThere was a significant reduction in the rate of ears with measurable distortion product otoacoustic emissions in the clinical group, especially for conventional frequencies. The effect of chronic suppurative otitis media was more pronounced in the conventional frequency range compared to the smaller effect seen in the ultra-high frequency range.
Do Fitting Emotions Tell Us Anything About Well-Being?
Authors: Fanciullo James 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, Tobias Fuchs has offered a ‘working test’ for well-being. According to this test, if it is fitting to feel compassion for a subject because they have some property, then the subject is badly off because they have that property. Since subjects of deception seem a fitting target for compassion, this test is said to imply that a number of important views, including hedonism, are false. I argue that this line of reasoning is mistaken: seems fitting does not imply is badly off. I suggest that Fuchs's test can tell us little about well-being that we do not already know; and ultimately, tests of the sort he proposes can yield little insight into the nature of well-being.
Ecological costs of discrimination: racism, red cedar and resilience in farm bill conservation policy in Oklahoma
Authors: Fagundes Colton , Picciano Lorette , Tillman Willard , Mleczko Jennifer , Schwier Stephanie , Graddy-Lovelace Garrett , Hall Felicia , Watson Tracy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article makes the case that the legacy of institutional racism by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is connected to the encroachment of the invasive speciesJuniperus virginiana(eastern red cedar) on farming land. Red cedar's encroachment impacts Black farmers disproportionately in Oklahoma, even as it undermines broader USDA conservation goals and ability to adapt to climate change. As such, this case study illustrates the shortcomings of Farm Bill Conservation Title programs to address ecological issues across the landscape—shortcomings that hinder farmers' ability to carry out long-term adaptation and mitigate risks. Conversely, we show how the work of Oklahoma Black Historical Research Project, Inc. and the Rural Coalition has been vital allies in Black farmers inter-related struggles against racial injustice and red cedar. Thus, we argue community-based organizations have a pivotal, but under-supported, role to play in the shaping and application of farm bill programs and funds.
Effect of Urbanization on Ozone and Resultant Health Effects in the Pearl River Delta Region of China
Authors: Yim Steve Hung Lam , Wang Mengya , Gu Yefu , Yang Yuanjian , Dong Guanghui , Li Qingxiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe United Nations has reported that 55% of the global population resides in urban areas, and 68% of the population is expected to be urban dwellers by 2050. Urbanization has critical implications for global land cover. Relevant literature has provided evidence attributing climatic effects to urban expansion; however, few studies have investigated the effect on public health and pollutant sensitivity to emissions. This study aimed to characterize the effect of urbanization‐induced changes in regional climate on ozone (O3), to evaluate ozone sensitivity to nitrogen oxide (NOx) and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, and to estimate premature mortalities due to O3 exposure. We employed atmospheric models with the higher‐order decoupled direct method to simulate effects of urbanization on O3 and to determine O3 sensitivity to NOx and VOC emissions. China‐specific concentration response functions were utilized to estimate cardiovascular and respiratory mortalities due to ozone exposure. Urbanization increased O3, which translated to a 39.6% increase in O3‐induced premature mortality (1,100 deaths). Moreover, O3 has become less/more sensitive to unit changes in NOx and VOC emissions in various cities. Urban greening may reduce urban temperature, but it may increase O3 in some cities due to the additional VOC emissions of greening. These findings highlight the strong interactions between land use policies, urban climate adaptation strategies, and air quality policies, suggesting the need of cobeneficial strategies and policies. We proposed a precision environmental management concept that emphasizes the importance of considering the specific atmospheric condition and composition of a city when formulating its environmental policies.
Impacts of Subtropical Highs on Summertime Precipitation in North America
Authors: Schmidt Daniel F. , Grise Kevin M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNumerous observational studies have found that the Hadley cells are expanding poleward in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, and model results suggest that such expansion is likely to continue throughout this century as a result of global warming. This has led to concerns that the subtropical dry zones may also shift poleward. However, precipitation changes associated with Hadley cell width are zonally asymmetric—especially in the Northern Hemisphere—suggesting that a more regional focus may give a clearer picture of these changes. In this study, we consider the influence of the Northern Hemisphere subtropical highs on summertime precipitation in North America and contrast this with the influence of Hadley cell expansion. Specifically, we consider the North Pacific and North Atlantic subtropical highs (NPSH and NASH, respectively) and define, for each of these, three indices representing longitude, latitude, and strength. We find that short‐term (monthly) precipitation variability over North America has comparable sensitivities to all six indices. However, for projections of 21st century climate change, North American summertime precipitation trends are driven more strongly by the longitudes of the highs than by their latitudes or strengths. Since the Hadley cells are defined with zonal‐mean quantities, much of the impact of these subtropical high shifts cannot be captured by Hadley cell metrics.
Experimental Petrology to Understand Europa's Crust
Authors: Muñoz‐Iglesias V. , Prieto‐Ballesteros O. , López I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Jovian moon Europa is a prime target for astrobiology. A global subsurface water ocean and a geologically young surface provide evidence of an active planetary body with a potential deep habitable environment. Tectonism and cryomagmatism are both agents of resurfacing, with structures on the surface spatially related to reddish non‐icy materials that could represent crystallized volatile and salt‐rich fluids from the interior, possibly from the ocean or shallower aqueous bodies. Cryomagmatism could therefore be a mechanism for exposing the underlying liquid layers to the surface and could hold paramount importance for understanding the physical and chemical evolution of fluids during their ascent and emplacement and their connection with geological features at the surface. With these premises, we perform a set of laboratory experiments simulating the evolution of different fluids under the conditions in Europa's crust. These experiments allow us to constrain the physico‐chemical and textural changes experienced by the different fluids and solids that are potentially emplaced within the icy crust and determine how they are affected by such secondary processes as reheating, melting, and ultimate recrystallization (e.g., in response to the emplacement of a second diapir close to the first one or tidal reheating). Based on these experimental results, we explore the connection of cryomagmas and their evolution near the surface to geologic features present on Europa's surface, such as pits, uplifts/domes, and microchaos regions, as well as the link with explosive cryovolcanism responsible for putative plumes at Europa.
Autogenic Organization of Syn‐Tectonic Sedimentary Patterns in Deepwater Foldbelts: A Simple Dynamic Model
Authors: Lotero‐Vélez A. , Yarbuh I. , Borges‐Santana O. , Spelz‐Madero R. M. , Negrete‐Aranda R. , Contreras J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe present a dynamical model that links through multiple length and time scales the formation of detachment folds, degradation of topography, and deposition of sheet‐like sedimentary bodies in deepwater foldbelt environments based on a nonlinear reaction–diffusion equation. We represent the stratigraphic response predicted by our model in a two‐dimensional parametric space whose axes are given by the Peclet number (Pe), the ratio of the mass transported by tectonic uplift and the mass transferred by diffusive hillslope processes, and the sediment delivery number (Sd), the ratio of sediments transported by density currents to those produced by intrabasinal processes. Notably, we identify three well‐defined regions of sedimentary behavior in that parametric space: a central domain (Pe > 2,Sd > 2) of cyclic stratigraphy produced by self‐sustained oscillations in the sedimentary system and two regions near the graph axes of stable sedimentation in which a continuous stratigraphy is produced. In the central domain, all the mass fluxes are equally important. This creates the conditions for a series of complex interaction between hillslope sediment transport, fold growth, and sedimentation. The other two regions correspond to end‐members in which either the Pe or Sd is small. For small Pe values, topographic degradation and sediment dispersal by hillslope transport dominate over tectonic uplift. Thus, any tectonic perturbation appearing in the system dissipates readily. For small Sd values, sediment transport is dominated by creep, and the system rapidly evolves toward a steady state.
Peatland Contribution to Stream Organic Carbon Exports From a Montane Watershed
Authors: Rosset T. , Gandois L. , Le Roux G. , Teisserenc R. , Durantez Jimenez P. , Camboulive T. , Binet S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMountains contain many small and fragmented peatlands within watersheds. As they are difficult to monitor, their role in the water and carbon cycle is often disregarded. This study aims to assess the stream organic carbon exports from a montane peatland and characterizes its contribution to the water chemistry in a headstream watershed. High frequency in situ monitoring of turbidity and fDOM were used to quantify respectively particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) exports at the inlet and outlet of a peatland over three years in a French Pyrenean watershed (1,343 m.a.s.l.). The DOC and POC signals are both highly dynamic, characterized by numerous short peaks lasting from a few hours to a few days. Forty‐six percent of the exports occurred during 9% of the time corresponding to the highest flows monitored at the outlet. Despite its small area (3%) within the watershed, the peatland contributes at least 63% of the DOC export at the outlet. The specific DOC flux ranges from 16.1 ± 0.4 to 34.6 ± 1.5 g m2year−1. POC contributes 17% of the total stream organic carbon exports from the watershed. As the frequency of extreme climatic events is expected to increase in the context of climate change, further studies should be conducted to understand the evolution of underestimated mountainous peatland carbon fluxes and their implication in the carbon cycle of headwaters.