bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Late Miocene magmatic flare-up in West Sulawesi triggered by Banda slab rollback
Authors: Zhang Xiaoran , Tien Chia-Yu , Chung Sun-Lin , Maulana Adi , Mawaleda Musri , Chu Mei-Fei , Lee Hao-Yang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cenozoic magmatism occurs throughout West Sulawesi, Indonesia, yet its detailed evolution remains enigmatic due mainly to the scarcity of precise dating. Here, we report new whole-rock geochemical and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic data of plutonic/volcanic rocks and river sediments from West Sulawesi to constrain the petrogenesis and magmatic tempo. The magmatic rocks are intermediate to felsic (SiO2 = 58.1–68.0 wt%), high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic (K2O = 2.2–6.0 wt%), metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, and I-type in composition. Trace element concentrations and ratios (e.g., Nb/U = 1.7–4.3 and Ti/Zr &lt; 28), along with negative zircon εHf(t) values (–17.0 to –0.4) and old crustal model ages (TDMC = 2.1–1.1 Ga), indicate a dominant magma source region from the underlying continental crystalline basement. U-Pb dating on zircons from ten magmatic rocks yielded weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 7.2–6.1 Ma, best representing the crystallization ages of host magmas, further consistent with the prominent age peaks (7.3–6.3 Ma) defined by detrital zircons from four sedimentary samples. Our new data, combined with available results, allow the identification of a noticeable climax of magmatism (flare-up) at ca. 7–6 Ma, forming a continuous magmatic belt throughout West Sulawesi. Given the absence of contemporaneous subduction and the coincidence of incipient opening of the South Banda Basin during ca. 7.15–6.5 Ma, the Late Miocene magmatic flare-up in West Sulawesi and coeval regional extension in eastern Indonesia are attributed to a resumed episode of Banda slab rollback.
Prevalence and clinical implications of respiratory viruses in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Kefala Anastasia M , Fortescue Rebecca , Alimani Gioulinta S , Kanavidis Prodromos , McDonnell Melissa Jane , Magiorkinis Emmanouil , Megremis Spyridon , Paraskevis Dimitrios , Voyiatzaki Chrysa , Mathioudakis Georgios A , Papageorgiou Effie , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G , Vestbo Jørgen , Beloukas Apostolos , Mathioudakis Alexander G 
Published: April 2020

IntroductionBoth stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbations represent leading causes of death, disability and healthcare expenditure. They are complex, heterogeneous and their mechanisms are poorly understood. The role of respiratory viruses has been studied extensively but is still not adequately addressed clinically. Through a rigorous evidence update, we aim to define the prevalence and clinical burden of the different respiratory viruses in stable COPD and exacerbations, and to investigate whether viral load of usual respiratory viruses could be used for diagnosis of exacerbations triggered by viruses, which are currently not diagnosed or treated aetiologically.Methods and analysisBased on a prospectively registered protocol, we will systematically review the literature using standard methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group. We will search Medline/PubMed, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), the Cochrane Library, the WHO’s Clinical Trials Registry and the proceedings of relevant international conferences on 2 March 2020. We will evaluate: (A) the prevalence of respiratory viruses in stable COPD and exacerbations, (B) differences in the viral loads of respiratory viruses in stable COPD vs exacerbations, to explore whether the viral load of prevalent respiratory viruses could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for exacerbations triggered by viruses and (C) the association between the presence of respiratory viruses and clinical outcomes in stable COPD and in exacerbations.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required since no primary data will be collected. Our findings will be presented in national and international scientific conferences and will be published in peer reviewed journals. Respiratory viruses currently represent a lost opportunity to improve the outcomes of both stable COPD and exacerbations. Our work aspires to ‘demystify’ the prevalence and clinical burden of viruses in stable COPD and exacerbations and to promote clinical and translational research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019147658.
Gain-of-Function Genetic Alterations of G9a Drive Oncogenesis
Authors: Kato Shinichiro , Weng Qing Yu , Insco Megan L. , Chen Kevin Y. , Muralidhar Sathya , Pozniak Joanna , Diaz Joey Mark S. , Drier Yotam , Nguyen Nhu , Lo Jennifer A. , van Rooijen Ellen , Kemeny Lajos V. , Zhan Yao , Feng Yang , Silkworth Whitney , Powell C. Thomas , Liau Brian B. , Xiong Yan , Jin Jian , Newton-Bishop Julia , Zon Leonard I. , Bernstein Bradley E. , Fisher David E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Epigenetic regulators, when genomically altered, may become driver oncogenes that mediate otherwise unexplained pro-oncogenic changes lacking a clear genetic stimulus, such as activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in melanoma. This study identifies previously unrecognized recurrent activating mutations in the G9a histone methyltransferase gene, as well as G9a genomic copy gains in approximately 26% of human melanomas, which collectively drive tumor growth and an immunologically sterile microenvironment beyond melanoma. Furthermore, the WNT pathway is identified as a key tumorigenic target of G9a gain-of-function, via suppression of the WNT antagonist DKK1. Importantly, genetic or pharmacologic suppression of mutated or amplified G9a using multiple in vitro and in vivo models demonstrates that G9a is a druggable target for therapeutic intervention in melanoma and other cancers harboring G9a genomic aberrations.

Significance:
Oncogenic G9a abnormalities drive tumorigenesis and the “cold” immune microenvironment by activating WNT signaling through DKK1 repression. These results reveal a key druggable mechanism for tumor development and identify strategies to restore “hot” tumor immune microenvironments.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 890
PROFESSIONAL CULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF FUTURE DOCTOR TRAINING
Authors: Vorona І. І. , Prokop I. A. 
Published: April 2020

The paper points out the specifics of medical students’ professional culture formation, analyses its components and conditions. The experience of virtual training programme use in Latin classes for medical students is summarized. Development of professional culture is sure to enrich the man’s inner world, as well as to contribute to his (her) professional development and personal self-improvement. Any person reveals himself (herself) most vividly while interacting with the others in performing professional duties, the outcomes often depending on the proper conduct, speaking, hearing, and language.
Training of future medical professionals is an element of professional education and is aimed at providing specialists with a certain level of professional skills alongside with the formation of proper professional qualities and development of general personal culture. Medical educational institutions are supposed to provide future specialists with adequate amount of knowledge, necessary for the work in their field and to make them aware of their professional perspectives and able to influence the process actively and effectively. It is in this aspect that the professional culture is involved, that is demeanour, speaking, hearing, and language matching the generally accepted standards and principles, primarily moral, and the requirements set to the particular profession.
Professional culture of the future medical workers is not the sum of professional knowledge, abilities, and skills only, but a part of general spiritual culture that manifests itself in professional competence, readiness for analysis and evaluation of professional and ethical issues, decision-making, communicative skills, as well as conscious striving for self-education, self-development, and constant professional self-perfection. Formation of medical students’ professional culture is a “teacher-student” indissoluble connection based on humanism, creative activity, and common search for new goals and tasks, which increase future specialists’ motivation to attain new peaks in the professional activity.
Effects of a Court-Ordered Service Dog Training Program with U.S. Veterans: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Crowe Terry , Sanchez Victoria , Durden Chardae , Ortega y Gomez Margarita , Winkle Melissa , Felice Jill 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This qualitative study investigated the impacts of a court-ordered service dog training program on justice-involved U.S. veterans. An experienced qualitative research team conducted three focus groups with nine veterans to explore how training service dogs influenced their daily lives. Focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed, and manually coded. Two graduate research assistants developed preliminary themes; the full team generated final themes. Themes illustrated how participation in the program: 1) decreased physical and emotional isolation; 2) assisted veterans with reintegrating into civilian life; 3) improved emotional self-regulation; and 4) helped veterans discover potential; 5) find camaraderie; 6) reconnect with community; and 7) create a sanctuary. In a follow-up session, several participants confirmed that the results accurately captured their experiences. The overall finding suggests the service dog training program served as a rehabilitative process for justice-involved veterans to rediscover their abilities and talents that existed before their experiences in the justice system.
Polyurethane Meniscal Scaffold for the Treatment of Partial Meniscal Deficiency: 5-Year Follow-up Outcomes: A European Multicentric Study
Authors: Toanen Cecile , Dhollander Aad , Bulgheroni Paolo , Filardo Giuseppe , Zaffagnini Stefano , Spalding Tim , Monllau Joan Carles , Gelber Pablo , Verdonk Rene , Beaufils Philippe , Pujol Nicolas , Bulgheroni Erica , Asplin Laura , Verdonk Peter 
Published: April 2020

Background: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold was developed to treat patients with the challenging clinical condition of painful partial meniscal defects. Hypothesis: The use of an acellular polyurethane scaffold in patients with symptomatic partial meniscal defects would result in both midterm pain relief and improved function. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 155 patients with symptomatic partial meniscal defects (101 medial and 54 lateral) were implanted with a polyurethane scaffold in a prospective, single-arm, multicentric study with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes were measured with the visual analog scale for pain, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective knee evaluation form, Lysholm knee scale, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score at baseline and at 2- and 5-year follow-ups. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate the knee joint, meniscal implant, and meniscal extrusion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was also performed. Removal of the scaffold, conversion to a meniscal transplant, and unicompartmental/total knee arthroplasty were used as endpoints. Results: Eighteen patients were lost to follow-up (11.6%). The patients who were included in this study showed significant clinical improvement after surgery as indicated by the different outcome measures ( P = .01). However, the clinical improvement tended to stabilize between 2 and 5 years of follow-up. MRI scans of the scaffolds in 56 patients showed a smaller-sized implant in the majority of the cases when compared with the native meniscus with an irregular surface at the 5-year follow-up. During the follow-up period, 87.6% of the implants survived in this study. At 5 years of follow-up, 87.9% of the medial scaffolds were still functioning versus 86.9% of the lateral scaffolds. In total, 23 treatments had failed: 10 removed scaffolds because of breakage, 7 conversions to meniscal allograft transplantation, 4 conversions to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, and 2 conversions to total knee arthroplasty. Conclusion: The polyurethane meniscal implant was able to improve knee joint function and reduce pain in patients with segmental meniscal deficiency over 5 years after implantation. The MRI appearance of this scaffold was different from the original meniscal tissue at the midterm follow-up. The treatment survival rates of 87.9% of the medial scaffolds and 86.9% of the lateral scaffolds in the present study compared favorably with those published concerning meniscal allograft transplantation after total meniscectomy.
Factors Associated With the Choice of Oral Anticoagulant Class in the Older Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Pagès Arnaud , Sabatier Rémi , Sallerin Brigitte 
Published: April 2020

Aim: Oral anticoagulants are the first-line drugs for treating thrombotic disorders related to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and for treating deep vein thrombosis, diseases that increase in prevalence with age. Older patients have a greater risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic events and are more prone to drug interactions. Given this backdrop, we wanted to determine the factors associated with the prescription of direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in older patients. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional observational study using a hospital prescription database. The study population consists of 405 older patients who were given oral anticoagulants. The 2 variables of interest were the prescription of 1 of the 2 classes of oral anticoagulants (direct oral anticoagulants vs vitamin K antagonists) and appropriateness of oral anticoagulant prescribing according to Summary of Product Characteristics (potentially inappropriate vs appropriate). Results: The factors associated with direct oral anticoagulant prescribing were the female gender (odds ratio [OR]: 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-2.88) and initiation during hospital stay (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: [1.52-4.32]). Stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney diseases (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: [0.19-0.79] and OR: 0.07, 95% CI: [0.01-0.53]) were factors favoring vitamin K antagonist prescription. Being 90 years of age or more (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: [1.06-3.98]) was a factor for potentially inappropriate anticoagulant prescribing. The gastroenterology department (OR: 2.91, 95% CI: [1.05-8.11]) was associated with potentially inappropriate anticoagulant prescribing. Conclusions: Direct oral anticoagulants are the drugs of choice for anticoagulant treatment, including in older adults. The female gender and the initiation during hospital stay increased the chances of being prescribed a direct oral anticoagulant in older adults. Stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease increased the likelihood of having a vitamin K antagonist prescribed. Our study also revealed a persistence of potentially inappropriate oral anticoagulant prescriptions in older patients.
Automated refraction after trifocal and trifocal toric intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Rementería-Capelo Laureano A , García-Pérez Jorge L , Contreras Inés , Blázquez Vanesa , Ruiz-Alcocer Javier 
Published: April 2020

Background: To analyze the correlation between automated refraction and manifest refraction after implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens or its toric version. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 105 eyes of 105 patients. Subjects were divided in two groups: 62 with trifocal (AcrySof PanOptix) and 43 with trifocal toric (AcrySof PanOptix Toric) intraocular lenses. Automated refraction was employed as starting point for obtaining the manifest refraction. Automated refraction and manifest refraction measurements were analyzed and compared using the vector analysis 3 months after the surgery. Results: In both groups, the higher differences between automated refraction and manifest refraction measurements were found for the cylinder and the spherical equivalent (M). Cylinder values for PanOptix were: −0.60 ± 0.36 D with automated refraction and −0.17 ± 38 D with manifest refraction ( p < 0.001); for PanOptix Toric, the values were: −0.49 ± 0.31 D with automated refraction and −0.05 ± 0.21 D with manifest refraction ( p < 0.001). M values for PanOptix were: −0.23 ± 0.31 D with automated refraction and −0.03 ± 0.16 D with manifest refraction ( p < 0.001); for PanOptix Toric, the values were: −0.13 ± 0.40 D with automated refraction and 0.01 ± 0.12 D with manifest refraction ( p < 0.001). For the PanOptix group, intraclass correlation coefficients were: 0.51 (sphere), 0.64 (cylinder), 0.42 (M), 0.62 (J0), and 0.37 (J45). For the PanOptix Toric group, the intraclass correlation coefficients were: 0.39 (sphere), 0.61 (cylinder), 0.39 (M), 0.53 (J0), and 0.09 (J45). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that patients implanted with the trifocal and the trifocal toric intraocular lens under study showed similar automated refraction results between them, with a slight trend to more negative amounts of cylinder and M. Nevertheless, clinicians should carefully confirm all parameters of the refraction with manifest refraction.
Postvaccination graft dysfunction/aplastic anemia relapse with massive clonal expansion of autologous CD8+ lymphocytes
Authors: Ritz Caitlin , Meng Wenzhao , Stanley Natasha L. , Baroja Miren L. , Xu Chong , Yan Patrick , Huang Alexander C. , Hausler Ryan , Nicholas Peter , Fan Jian-Meng , Lieberman David , Carreno Beatriz M. , Luning Prak Eline T. , Olson Timothy S. , Babushok Daria V. 
Published: April 2020

Key Points
Acquired aplastic anemia is a T-cell–mediated autoimmune bone marrow aplasia, without a known etiologic trigger. Clonal expansion of CD8+ effector T lymphocytes can occur following vaccination and accompany graft dysfunction or aplastic anemia relapse.
Primary vitreoretinal lymphomas display a remarkably restricted immunoglobulin gene repertoire
Authors: Belhouachi Nabila , Xochelli Aliki , Boudjoghra Myriam , Lesty Claude , Cassoux Nathalie , Fardeau Christine , Tran Thi Ha Chau , Choquet Sylvain , Sarker Bishnu , Houillier Caroline , Alentorn Agusti , LeHoang Phuc , Soussain Carole , Touitou Valerie , Merle-Beral Helene , Hoang-Xuan Khe , Bodaghi Bahram , Stamatopoulos Kostas , Davi Frederic 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a high-grade lymphoma affecting the vitreous and/or the retina. The vast majority of cases are histopathologically classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and considered a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). To obtain more insight into the ontogenetic relationship between PVRL and PCNSL, we adopted an immunogenetic perspective and explored the respective immunoglobulin gene repertoire profiles from 55 PVRL cases and 48 PCNSL cases. In addition, considering that both entities are predominantly related to activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL, we compared their repertoire with that of publicly available 262 immunoglobulin heavy variable domain gene rearrangement sequences from systemic ABC-type DLBCLs. PVRL displayed a strikingly biased repertoire, with the IGHV4-34 gene being used in 63.6% of cases, which was significantly higher than in PCNSL (34.7%) or in DLBCL (30.2%). Further repertoire bias was evident by (1) restricted associations of IGHV4-34 expressing heavy chains, with κ light chains utilizing the IGKV3-20/IGKJ1 gene pair, including 5 cases with quasi-identical sequences, and (2) the presence of a subset of stereotyped IGHV3-7 rearrangements. All PVRL IGHV sequences were highly mutated, with evidence of antigen selection and ongoing mutations. Finally, half of PVRL and PCNSL cases carried the MYD88 L265P mutation, which was present in all 4 PVRL cases with stereotyped IGHV3-7 rearrangements. In conclusion, the massive bias in the immunoglobulin gene repertoire of PVRL delineates it from PCNSL and points to antigen selection as a major driving force in their development.
Shikonin suppresses NEAT1 and Akt signaling in treating paclitaxel-resistant non-small cell of lung cancer
Authors: Zang Farong , Rao Yuanquan , Zhu Xinhai , Wu Zhibing , Jiang Hao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The development of paclitaxel-resistance led to the tumor relapse and treatment failure of non-small cell lung cancer. Shikonin has been demonstrated to show anti-cancer activity in many cancer types. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer activity of shikonin in paclitaxel-resistant non-small cell lung cancer treatment.

Methods
MTT, clonogenic assay, apoptotic cell death analysis, western blot, qRT-PCR, gene knockdown and overexpression, xenograft experiment, immunohistochemistry were performed.

Results
Shikonin decreased paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC cell viability and inhibited the growth of xenograft tumor. Shikonin induced apoptotic cell death of paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC cell lines and suppressed the level of NEAT1 and Akt signaling of paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC cell lines and xenograft tumors. Either low dose or high dose of shikonin considerably suppressed the cell growth and induced the cell apoptotic death in NEAT1 knockdown A549/PTX cells, and p-Akt expression was decreased.

Conclusions
Shikonin could be a promising candidate for paclitaxel-resistant NSCLC treatment.
Human biologic monitoring based on blood donations to the National Blood Services
Authors: Hassan Lior , Moser Asher , Rorman Efrat , Groisman Luda , Naor Yamit , Shinar Eilat , Gat Roni , Jaffe Eli , Novack Victor , Kloog Itai , Novack Lena 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The ambient exposure does not always reflect the internal levels of pollution absorbed in the body. While human biomonitoring (HBM) could provide a valid estimate of exposure extent, it is usually an expensive and a heavily manpowered enterprise. Using samples collected during blood donations for HMB may provide a more efficient platform for a routine biomonitoring.

Methods
The current study is aimed to explore the feasibility of using the national blood banking system for the purposes of HBM, to compare between residents of a suspected polluted area in northern Israel (Haifa Bay) to the rest of the country. Specifically, we will assemble a geographically representative sample of blood donors residing in the study area and of the general population, to test for four industry and traffic-related metals: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr). Samples of whole blood from donors will be tested in the Laboratory of Public Health Services managed by the Ministry of Health. The information on donors’ biomarkers levels will be further linked with the air pollution and meteorological data assessed at the location of the blood collection sites (short-term exposure) and donors’ permanent address (long-term exposure), as recorded by the monitoring stations spread throughout Israel and the satellite-based exposure models. The association between biomarkers and ambient environmental exposures will be assessed.
The samples’ collection is planned for 2 years of 2020–2021.

Discussion
The information collected in this study could lead to environmental regulations within Haifa Bay area aimed to prevent exposure to high levels of hazardous chemicals.