bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análisis de instrumentos para el diagnóstico de la competencia digital
Authors: González-Rodríguez César , Urbina-Ramírez Santos 
Published: December 2020

La importancia que han cobrado las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación en la sociedad durante los últimos años ha provocado que la competencia digital sea considerada como clave en el diseño de las políticas educativas y, en consecuencia, que desde diversos ámbitos se hayan desarrollado múltiples instrumentos destinados a la evaluación de las habilidades y destrezas digitales de docentes, discentes y población en general. Es por ello que se ha considerado pertinente analizar diversos tipos de herramientas usadas en la última década en España para el diagnóstico de la competencia digital del alumnado de distintas etapas educativas prestando atención, entre otros aspectos, a los ítems utilizados, la estructura de las herramientas o la metodología empleada. Este trabajo profundiza en el análisis de una serie de investigaciones que, pese a compartir, en muchos casos, aspectos metodológicos, difieren en su visión y concepción de la competencia digital, algo que dificulta el establecimiento de pautas comunes de evaluación, ya que resulta complicado acordar cómo medir una variable cuando la definición de la misma se presta a múltiples interpretaciones. Precisamente la definición de un marco común de referencia en el ámbito educativo que sirva para abordar la evaluación de las habilidades digitales es uno de los retos de investigadores e instituciones, si bien no se trata de una tarea sencilla cuando las tecnologías digitales se caracterizan por los continuos y vertiginosos cambios
The impact of Information and Communication Technologies on society in recent years has caused digital competence to be considered the key to designing educational policies and, consequently, the development of numerous instruments for the evaluation of the digital skills and abilities of teachers, students and the population, in general, in several fields. Therefore, it has been considered relevant to analyze various types of tools used in the past decade in Spain for the diagnosis of the digital competence of students from different educational stages, paying attention, among others, to the items used, the structure of the tools or the methodology. This work goes in depth in the analysis of a series investigations that, despite sharing some methodological aspects in many ways, differ in their vision and conception of the digital competence. This makes the establishment of some common evaluation guidelines more difficult, since it is complicated to agree on how to measure a variable when its own definition could be interpreted in several ways. The definition of a common frame of reference in the educational field that serves to address the evaluation of digital skills is precisely one of the challenges of researchers and institutions. However, it is not an easy task when digital technologies are characterized by continuous and vertiginous changes.
Influencing Factors in Psychological Resilience: A Study on the Role of Emotional Reassurance and Optimism as Predictive Dimensions
Authors: Aldhaidan Alhemaidi 
Published: December 2020

The present study aims to investigate the relative contribution of emotional reassurance and optimism in predicting psychological resilience in secondary school students. A total of 265 senior secondary student’s male participated in this study. Participants’ ages ranged from 16 to 18. Instruments measuring emotional reassurance, optimism, and psychological resilience, were administered to senior secondary students in Quranic Memorization Schools (QMSs). The researcher used the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis technique. The findings indicated that there was a positive correlation between psychological resilience and emotional reassurance among the students on the level of 0.01. Furthermore, the findings indicated that there was a positive correlation between psychological resilience and optimism among the sample on the level of 0.01. Finally, the findings also showed that the emotional reassurance and optimism contributed statistically significant in the prediction of psychological resilience among secondary school students. Therefore, academic counsellors, teachers, school principals, and parents should develop optimism, emotional reassurance and psychological resilience, self-esteem in their students and children in the early years.
Assessing the Multidimensionality of Students’ Learning Orientations: The Use of LO-COMPASS for the Well-being and Scholastic Success
Authors: Vettori Giulia , Vezzani Claudio , Bigozzi Lucia , Pinto Giuliana 
Published: December 2020

The twofold aim of the present study is to identify specific cluster-profiles of the learning orientations measured by «LO-COMPASS: Learning Orientation-Cognition Metacognition Participation Assessment»; and to create a psychometric rule to cluster the raw scores obtained by the student at the LO-COMPASS factorial dimensions into a specific cluster-profile. 183 middle-school students (91 males and 92 females) validly completed the original version of the LO-COMPASS Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. LO-COMPASS measures four factors of students’ learning orientations. Furthermore, the instrument has been furnished with a psychometric rule to cluster the raw scores obtained by the student at the LO-COMPASS factorial dimensions into two profiles. The application of LO-COMPASS will allow educational psychologists and teachers to analyze middle-school students’ difficulties and problems, as well as strengths in their motivation to learn. The instrument will be useful at multiple levels: prevention, intervention, evaluation.
Urinary MMP-9/UCr association with albumin concentration and albumin-creatinine-ratio in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Arcos-Sacramento Víctor Gildardo , Sampieri Clara Luz , Sandoval-Lozano Víctor Hugo , Orozco-Ortega Rubén Arturo , Acuña-Hernández Mariel Alejandra , Morales-Romero Jaime , Hernández-Hernández Magda Elena , Rodríguez-Hernández Arturo 
Published: December 2020

Background
Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), causing an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity has been proposed as useful biomarker for diabetic renal and vascular complications.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients who attended a public secondary hospital in Mexico. We performed clinical, biochemical, and microbiological assessments, as well chronic kidney disease diagnosis according to the KDIGO guideline. Urinary MMP-9 was quantified by ELISA and adjusted using urinary creatinine (UCr).

Results
A total of 111 patients were included. Most participants were women (66%). Mean age was 61 ± 10 years and median T2DM duration was estimated at 11 years. Through multivariate analysis, MMP-9/UCr was found to be associated with albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio.

Discussion
Validation of non-invasive biomarkers of chronic kidney disease among T2DM patients is necessary. Here, we demonstrate MMP-9/UCr as a potential biomarker of albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio in Mexican patients with T2DM.
Iodine Content of Packaged Salt and Related Knowledge and Storage Practices at Household Level in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossen Md Sujan , Khan Md Nazrul Islam 
Published: December 2020

Aims: Iodine deficiency disorders are one of the major public health concerns in Bangladesh. Regular consumption of iodized salt can help combat these disorders. The aims of this study were to determine the content of iodine in edible packaged salt and to assess iodized salt related knowledge and storage practices in Dhaka City, Bangladesh.
Study Design: The study was an experimental cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted from June 2019 to July 2019 in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. A total of 120 households were selected for interview and packaged salt sample collection. The chemical analysis was done in the Food Analysis Laboratory of Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka.
Methodology: A closed-ended questionnaire was used for collection of information. Iodometric titration method was used to determine the content of iodine in packaged salt samples.
Results: The mean (±SD) iodine content in the salt samples was 31.469 (±10.196) ppm. More than 90% salt samples were adequately iodized. Twenty five percent of the respondents know that consumption of iodized salt helps prevent goiter. Only 10.8% of the respondents know that iodine content decreases if iodized salt is stored close to fire. About 87% of them store salt away from fire.
Conclusion: Along with consuming packaged iodized salt, householders should be educated about iodized salt related knowledge and storage practices to control iodine deficiency disorders.
Two‐Dimensional Siloxene–Graphene Heterostructure‐Based High‐Performance Supercapacitor for Capturing Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Karthikeyan , Pazhamalai Parthiban , Mariappan Vimal Kumar , Manoharan Sindhuja , Kesavan Dhanasekar , Kim Sang‐Jae 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe development of high‐performance electrodes that increase the energy density of supercapacitors (SCs) (without compromising their power density) and have a wide temperature tolerance is crucial for the application of SCs in electric vehicles. Recent research has focused on the preparation of multicomponent materials to form electrodes with enhanced electrochemical properties. Herein, a siloxene–graphene (rGO) heterostructure electrode‐based symmetric SC (SSC) is designed that delivers a high energy density (55.79 Wh kg−1) and maximum power density of 15 000 W kg−1. The fabricated siloxene–rGO SSC can operate over a wide temperature range from –15 to 80 °C, which makes them suitable for applications in automobiles. This study shows the practical applicability of siloxene–rGO SSC to drive an electric car as well as to capture the braking energy in a regenerative brake‐electric vehicle prototype. This work opens new directions for evaluating the use of siloxene–rGO SSC as suitable energy devices in electric vehicles.
Second Near‐Infrared Photothermal Semiconducting Polymer Nanoadjuvant for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Jingchao , Yu Xiangrong , Jiang Yuyan , He Shasha , Zhang Yan , Luo Yu , Pu Kanyi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImmunotherapy has offered new treatment options for cancer; however, the therapeutic benefits are often modest and desired to be improved. A semiconducting polymer nanoadjuvant (SPNIIR) with a photothermally triggered cargo release for second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) photothermal immunotherapy is reported here. SPNIIR consists of a semiconducting polymer nanoparticle core as an NIR‐II photothermal converter, which is doped with a toll‐like receptor (TLR) agonist as an immunotherapy adjuvant and coated with a thermally responsive lipid shell. Upon NIR‐II photoirradiation, SPNIIR effectively generates heat not only to ablate tumors and induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), but also to melt the lipid layers for on‐demand release of the TLR agonist. The combination of ICD and activation of TLR7/TLR8 enhances the maturation of dendritic cells, which amplifies anti‐tumor immune responses. Thus, a single treatment of SPNIIR‐mediated NIR‐II photothermal immunotherapy effectively inhibits growth of both primary and distant tumors and eliminates lung metastasis in a murine mouse model. This study thus provides a remote‐controlled smart delivery system to synergize photomedicine with immunotherapy for enhanced cancer treatment.
Recognition and Removal of Amyloid‐β by a Heteromultivalent Macrocyclic Coassembly: A Potential Strategy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu XinXin , Pan Yu‐Chen , Yan YuXing , Hu Xin‐Yue , Chen RunWen , Ravoo Bart Jan , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Zhang Tao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe imbalance of amyloid‐β (Aβ) production and clearance causes aggregation of Aβ1‐42 monomers to form fibrils and amyloid plaques, which is an indispensable process in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and eventually leads to pathological changes and cognitive impairment. Consequently, Aβ1‐42 is the most important target for the treatment of AD. However, developing a single treatment method that can recognize Aβ1‐42, inhibit Aβ1‐42 fibrillation, eliminate amyloid plaques, improve cognitive impairments, and alleviate AD‐like pathology is challenging. Here, a coassembly composed of cyclodextrin (CD) and calixarene (CA) is designed, and it is used as an anti‐Aβ therapy agent. The CD–CA coassembly is based on the previously reported heteromultivalent recognition strategy and is able to successfully eliminate amyloid plaques and degrade Aβ1‐42 monomers in 5xFAD mice. More importantly, the coassembly improves recognition and spatial cognition deficits, and synaptic plasticity impairment in the 5xFAD mice. In addition, the coassembly ameliorates AD‐like pathology including prevention of neuronal apoptosis and oxidant stress, and alteration of M1/M2 microglial polarization states. This supramolecular approach makes full use of both molecular recognition and self‐assembly of macrocyclic amphiphiles, and is a promising novel strategy for AD treatment.
A New Nonlinear Optical Selenide Crystal AgLiGa2Se4 with Good Comprehensive Performance in Mid‐Infrared Region
Authors: Yelisseyev Alexander , Lobanov Sergei , Molokeev Maxim , Zhang Shengzi , Pugachev Alexei , Lin Zheshuai , Vedenyapin Vitaly , Kurus Alexei , Khamoyam Avag , Isaenko Ludmila 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMid‐infrared (mid‐IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are indispensable for the mid‐IR lasers generation with tunable wavelengths from 3 to 20 µm. AgGaSe2 is a commercial mid‐IR NLO crystal with the highest figures of merit, but suffers low laser damage threshold (LDT). To achieve the balance of optical transmission, NLO effect, and LDT, it is proposed to molecularly modify the AgGaSe2 structure by introducing the [LiSe4] tetrahedra, and successfully grow large crystals of a new selenide AgLiGa2Se4. The replacement of half of the heavy Ag+ cations with light Li+ increases the band gap to 2.2 eV (vs. 1.7 eV in AgGaSe2). The LDT value in AgLiGa2Se4 increases five times compared to that in AgGaSe2, while keeping a relatively large NLO susceptibility of 26 pm V−1. Moreover, the thermal expansion coefficients in AgLiGa2Se4 are approximately two times lower in absolute value compared with AgGaSe2, which is beneficial to the large crystal growth. All these advantages would make AgLiGa2Se4 a new promising NLO crystal for mid‐IR laser applications.
Corpus processing service: A Knowledge Graph platform to perform deep data exploration on corpora
Authors: Staar Peter W. J. , Dolfi Michele , Auer Christoph 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKnowledge Graphs have been fast emerging as the de facto standard to model and explore knowledge in weakly structured data. Large corpora of documents constitute a source of weakly structured data of particular interest for both the academic and business world. Key examples include scientific publications, technical reports, manuals, patents, regulations, etc. Such corpora embed many facts that are elementary to critical decision making or enabling new discoveries. In this paper, we present a scalable cloud platform to create and serve Knowledge Graphs, which we named corpus processing service (CPS). Its purpose is to process large document corpora, extract the content and embedded facts, and ultimately represent these in a consistent knowledge graph that can be intuitively queried. To accomplish this, we use state‐of‐the‐art natural language understanding models to extract entities and relationships from documents converted with our previously presented corpus conversion service platform. This pipeline is complemented with a newly developed graph engine which ensures extremely performant graph queries and provides powerful graph analytics capabilities. Both components are tightly integrated and can be easily consumed through REST APIs. Additionally, we provide user interfaces to control the data ingestion flow and formulate queries using a visual programming approach. The CPS platform is designed as a modular microservice system operating on Kubernetes clusters. Finally, we validate the quality of queries on our end‐to‐end knowledge pipeline in a real‐world application in the oil and gas industry.
Distinct effects of beta‐amyloid and tau on cortical thickness in cognitively healthy older adults
Authors: Harrison Theresa M. , Du Richard , Klencklen Giuliana , Baker Suzanne L. , Jagust William J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionPublished reports of associations between β‐amyloid (Aβ) and cortical integrity conflict. Tau biomarkers may help elucidate the complex relationship between pathology and neurodegeneration in aging.MethodsWe measured cortical thickness using magnetic resonance imaging, Aβ using Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PiB‐PET), and tau using flortaucipir (FTP)‐PET in 125 cognitively normal older adults. We examined relationships among PET measures, cortical thickness, and cognition.ResultsCortical thickness was reduced in PiB+/FTP+ participants compared to the PiB+/FTP– and PiB–/FTP– groups. Continuous PiB associations with cortical thickness were weak but positive in FTP– participants and negative in FTP+. FTP strongly negatively predicted thickness regardless of PiB status. FTP was associated with memory and cortical thickness, and mediated the association of PiB with memory.DiscussionPast findings linking Aβ and cortical thickness are likely weak due to opposing effects of Aβ on cortical thickness relative to tau burden. Tau, in contrast to Aβ, is strongly related to cortical thickness and memory.
Light‐Triggered Transformable Ferrous Ion Delivery System for Photothermal Primed Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: He Ting , Yuan Yanyan , Jiang Chao , Blum Nicholas Thomas , He Jin , Huang Peng , Lin Jing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) involves the catalytic generation of highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (.OH) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through metal‐ion‐mediated Fenton or Fenton‐like reactions. Fe2+ is a classical catalyst ion, however, it suffers easy oxidation and systemic side‐effects. Therefore, the development of a controllable Fe2+ delivery system is a challenge to maintain its valence state, reduce toxicity, and improve therapeutic efficacy. Reported here is a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐triggered Fe2+ delivery agent (LET‐6) for fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) dual‐modality imaging guided, photothermal primed CDT. Thermal expansion caused by 808 nm laser irradiation triggers the transformation of LET‐6 to expose Fe2+ from its hydrophobic layer, which primes the catalytic breakdown of endogenous H2O2 within the tumor microenvironment, thus generating .OH for enhanced CDT. LET‐6 shows remarkable therapeutic effects, both in vitro and in vivo, achieving 100 % tumor elimination after just one treatment. This high‐performance Fe2+ delivery system provides a sound basis for future synergistic metal‐ion‐mediated cancer therapy.
Furin‐Mediated Self‐Assembly of Olsalazine Nanoparticles for Targeted Raman Imaging of Tumors
Authors: Yuan Yue , Raj Piyush , Zhang Jia , Siddhanta Soumik , Barman Ishan , Bulte Jeff W. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOlsalazine (Olsa) is a broad‐spectrum anti‐cancer agent acting as a DNA‐methylation inhibitor. When conjugated to 2‐cyano‐6‐aminobenzothiazole and a peptide substrate specific for the tumor‐overexpressed enzyme furin, it can self‐assemble into nanoparticles that can be detected by chemical‐exchange saturation‐transfer magnetic‐resonance imaging (CEST MRI). We report here that these nano‐assemblies can also be detected with high specificity in furin‐overexpressing tumor cells by Raman spectroscopy with a distinct scattering signature and demonstrate the utility of this sensing mechanism in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that Raman spectroscopy could be used for high‐resolution image‐guided surgery to precisely delineate tumor margins during and after resection in real‐time as well as to determine microscopic tumor invasion and multifocal locoregional tumor spread, which are currently impossible to visualize with available imaging technologies, including CEST MRI.
Antioxidant Activity of Osage Orange Extract in Soybean Oil and Fish Oil during Storage
Authors: Hwang Hong‐Sik , Winkler‐Moser Jill K. , Tisserat Brent , Harry‐O'kuru Rogers E. , Berhow Mark A. , Liu Sean X. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe food industry is seeking natural antioxidants for edible oils that have comparable activity to synthetic counterparts. In this study, Osage orange extract (OOE) rich in osajin (42.9%) and pomiferin (30.0%) was obtained after hexane extraction of the fruit, and its antioxidant activity was examined in stripped soybean oil (SBO) and fish oil (FO), in which antioxidants and polar compounds were removed. The antioxidant activity of OOE was compared with commercial natural antioxidants (i.e., rosemary extract and mixed tocopherols) and a synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), during storage at 25 and 40 °C. The 0.1% OOE had stronger antioxidant activity than 0.1% rosemary extract and 0.1% mixed tocopherols in both oils at 25 and 40 °C. Its activity was similar to 0.02% BHT in SBO and was similar or slightly stronger than 0.02% BHT in FO. When OOE was studied at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%, there was a weak dose–response in SBO but a stronger dose–response in FO. Headspace volatile analysis using solid phase micro‐extraction (SPME) combined with GC–MS indicated that 0.1% OOE was very effective in preventing the formation of volatile oxidation products in both oils. Although it should be further tested for safety before the actual use, this study shows that OOE can be developed as an antioxidant for edible oils.