bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver Cirrhosis as the Outcome of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated with PNPLA3 Gene RS738409 Polymorphism
Authors: Nikitin I. G. , Tikhomirova A. S. , Zhinzhilo T. A. , Vinnitskaya E. V. , Sandler Y. G. , Kislyakov V. A. , Fedorov I. G. 
Published: April 2020

Relevance: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disease worldwide. Although the disease usually has a favorable, asymptomatic course, in some cases it can occur in the form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and some patients may develop cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are more and more foreign studies proving the relationship of genetic factors with the progression of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, information about this association in the Russian Federation remains scarce.Goal of the study: to assess the prevalence of patatinlike phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 gene variants in patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related cirrhosis of the liver in the Russian population sample and the effect of the mutation on the course of the disease.Materials and methods: We formed three groups of patients. Group I included 30 patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related cirrhosis of the liver. Group II included 46 patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease at the non-cirrhotic stage. Group III included 25 healthy volunteers. A retrospective analysis of patient history data was performed. We analyzed the results of biochemical blood tests, coagulogram, and ultrasound examination of abdominal organs from the medical records of patients in groups I and II. Patients from groups I and II were additionally examined using hepatic shear elastometry using the aixplorer multiwave ultrasound system (SuperSonic Imagine, USA). Alleles of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 gene were detected using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results. During the study, we obtained statistically reliable links between Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the presence of a mutation in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 gene (RR-2.171; 95% CI: 1.131-4.170; χ2=6.730769; p=0.00948), between liver cirrhosis and the presence of a mutation in the PNPLA3 gene (RR-4.011; 95% CI: 1.558-10.324; p=0.0003), and the relationship between the frequency of occurrence of the GG genotype of the patatin-like phospholipase domaincontaining protein 3 gene with increasing the stage of liver fibrosis in the Russian population sample.Conclusion: The patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 gene polymorphism rs738409 is a factor in the progression of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to high stages of fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. Detecting of this polymorphism in patients with NAFLD in Russian population may be useful for identifying high-risk groups for disease progression.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Health-Related Quality-of-Life Scores of Patients Undergoing Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Jain Sukrit S. , DeFroda Steven F. , Paxton E. Scott , Green Andrew 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) scores are required for cost-effectiveness and health-care value analysis. We evaluated HRQoL scores and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients with advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis treated with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty to establish values of HRQoL scores that can be used for cost-effectiveness and value analysis and to assess relationships between HRQoL scores and shoulder and upper-extremity PROMs.

Methods:
We analyzed 143 patients (143 shoulders) with glenohumeral osteoarthritis treated with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty; 92 patients had 1-year follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative functional outcomes were assessed with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and a visual analog scale (VAS) for shoulder pain and function. Health utility was assessed with the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), Short Form-6 Dimensions (SF-6D), and VAS Quality of Life (VAS QoL). HRQoL score validity was determined through correlations between the PROMs and HRQoL scores. The responsiveness of HRQoL scores was measured through the effect size and the standardized response mean.

Results:
There were significant improvements in all PROMs and HRQoL scores (p < 0.001) at 1 year after the surgical procedure. The changes in VAS QoL (very weak to moderate), EQ-5D (weak), and SF-6D (weak) were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the changes in PROMs, demonstrating comparably acceptable validity. There were large effect sizes in the VAS QoL (1.843), EQ-5D (1.186), and SF-6D (1.084) and large standardized response mean values in the VAS QoL (1.622), EQ-5D (1.230), and SF-6D (1.083), demonstrating responsiveness. The effect sizes of all PROMs were larger than those of the HRQoL scores.

Conclusions:
PROMs and HRQoL scores are not interchangeable, and studies of the cost-effectiveness and value of shoulder arthroplasty should incorporate both shoulder and upper-extremity PROMs and HRQoL scores. The findings of this study provide data on HRQoL scores that are specific to the treatment of advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and can be used for future cost-effectiveness and value analysis studies.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Retrospective Development of a Novel Resilience Scale using Existing Cohort Data: The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument
Authors: Montoya-Williams Diana , Passarella Molly , Lorch Scott A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience scale using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants. Methods: Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N=9852) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales. Results: Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and younger participants. Resilience scores increased with increasing education and household income. Conclusions: It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience scale from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available.
A Data Driven Policy to Minimize the Tuberculosis Testing Cost Among Healthcare Workers
Authors: Prabhu Vishnunarayan Girishan , Taaffe Kevin , Pirrallo Ronald , Shvorin Dotan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandates that healthcare employees at high risk exposure to Tuberculosis (TB) undergo annual testing. Currently in the US, two methods of TB testing are commonly used: a two-step skin test or a whole-blood test. Each testing method has unique costs and considerations. Healthcare leadership’s test selection must not only account for direct cost such as material, procedure and resources, but also indirect costs such as employee workplace absence. Our purpose was to build a mathematical model to investigate the value loss perspective of these testing methods and assist leadership in their decision-making.
Methods

This model is based on an Upstate South Carolina healthcare employer’s costs affecting over 18,000 employees on 6 campuses. A process flow map identified the variations in TB testing methods that incorporated the varied material and procedural costs based on the Mantoux two-step tuberculin skin test (TST) and the Interferon-Gamma Release Assay test (IGRA). In addition to these direct costs, the subject’s time requirements involved with each test for 4 employee types and 6 travel-to-testing-site times were calculated.
Results

Regardless of direct cost variations, a switching point between testing procedures that minimized total system costs was most influenced by employee salary. In this model, an employee who is paid more than $48/hour should undergo IGRA blood testing irrespective of the travel time. As employee pay rate decreases to $30/hour, TST testing becomes more economical. Assuming an equal number of at-risk employees in each wage and travel category, switching from the current policy of 95% TST testing to integrated TST/IGRA testing would reduce TB compliance cost by 28%.
Conclusions

Mathematical modeling can assist healthcare system decision-makers in understanding the implications of employee TB compliance testing. This model distills the known direct costs of TST compared to IGRA testing and value loss perspectives of employee time into a definable switching point. Although actual costs and potential dollars saved depends on TB testing compliance rules and regulation, it appears that a mixed model of TB testing may be the most cost-effective approach for a large health care employer with multiple campuses.
Clinical features and outcome of small cell lung cancer in female patients: a large-cohort retrospective study
Authors: Hou Jia , Wang Yu , Li Wenyuan , Wang Xiao , Hao Jincan , Jiang Lili , Jiao Min , Tian Tao , Liang Xuan , Yao Yu , Sun Hong , Qin Tianjie , Wang Wenjuan , Guo Hui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, female small cell lung cancer (SCLC) incidence has been increasing. However, there have been few large database-based studies on female patients with SCLC. In this study, we used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to describe the clinical characteristics and prognosis of female SCLC patients.Methods: SCLC patients from the SEER database between 1973 and 2015 were included. Gender, age, race, stage, tumor size, and metastasis status were included in our study. Clinical characteristics were analyzed among females and males with SCLC. Survival analyses were conducted with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models.Results: A total of 18234 patients were extracted from SEER database. 50.2% of the whole SCLC patients were females. Compared with males, females were less likely to be Asians, carry bigger size of tumor, have later TNM stage, and have distant metastases (P < 0.05). Gender proved to be an independent prognostic factor for SCLC patients (CSS:HR:1.105;95% CI: 1.068 1.143; P < 0.001; OS: HR, 1.120;95% CI: 1.084 1.158; P < 0.001). Female patients presented more favorable survival than male patients (Median OS/CSS:11 vs. 9 months, P < 0.001). Our results confirmed that age≥65, white race, later stage, tumor size ≥ 50mm and distant metastases were all associated with poor prognosis in female patients.Conclusions: Female gender is associated with more favorable outcome of SCLC. For females, patients who are senile, white people, and have poorer pathological features were associated with a shorter OS, which need to be more circumspectly treated in clinical practice.
Patient perspectives and willingness to accept incentives for tuberculosis diagnostic evaluation in Uganda.
Authors: Kadota Jillian , Nabwire Sarah , Nalugwa Talemwa , White Justin S. , Cattamanchi Adithya , Katamba Achilles , Shete Priya B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Novel strategies are urgently needed to reduce gaps in the tuberculosis (TB) cascade of care. While patient centered interventions like cash transfers are increasingly recognized as a crucial approach for improving TB outcomes, data to support acceptable incentive intervention design that maximizes their utility are limited. We assessed attitudes and perceptions as well as willingness-to-accept (WTA) varying incentive structures for completing TB diagnostic evaluation among patients in Uganda. Methods We surveyed 177 adult patients undergoing TB evaluation at 10 community health centers in Uganda between September 2018 and March 2019. We collected household sociodemographic information and assessed attitudes and perceptions of incentives. We conducted a willingness-to-accept experiment assessing willingness to complete TB diagnostic evaluation in exchange for incentives ranging in value from 500 Ugandan Shillings (USh) to 25,000USh (~$0.15-6.75USD). We compared associations between willingness-to-accept and patient characteristics using ordered logistic regression. Results Participants’ willingness to return to the health center to complete TB diagnostic evaluation increased proportionally with incentive amount. The median participant had a WTA amount between 2,000 and 5,000 USh. Cash (52%) and transportation vouchers (34%) were the most popular incentive types. Half of respondents preferred unconditional incentives, but for a multi-day evaluation 84% preferred conditioning the incentive upon clinic return. In multivariate models we found the pairwise difference between the third income quartile and the reference (lowest) income quartile (aOR=2.38, 95%CI: 1.20-4.69; p=0.01), younger age, and difficulty returning to the health center to be significantly associated with willingness to accept higher incentive thresholds. Conclusions In Uganda, incentives such as cash transfers or transportation vouchers are an acceptable intervention for facilitating adherence to TB diagnostic evaluation. Household income is associated with preferred incentive structure and amount, especially for those at the cusp of the poverty threshold, who are more likely to prefer unconditional and higher valued incentives. Targeted and context-specific socioeconomic supports for at-risk patients are needed to optimize outcomes.
Difference in seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against hepatitis A virus on general population in 1998 and 2019 in Iwate Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Miyasaka Akio , Yoshida Yuichi , Suzuki Akiko , Takikawa Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, a sporadically occurring disease in general populations, is a major cause of acute hepatitis, but rarely causes death. It is important to know the current situation regarding this infection rate among the general population so that an effective strategy and action plan for HAV vaccination or treatment can be established. Here, we investigated the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HAV (anti-HAV) in Iwate Prefecture, Japan, in 1998 and 2019, and compared the seroprevalence patterns over these past two decades. Methods: Altogether, 777 randomly selected serum samples were obtained from health check-up residents in Iwate prefecture in 1998 and 2019. Serum anti-HAV IgG levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (in 1998) and chemiluminescent immunoassay (in 2019). Results: Altogether, 586 serum samples (278 from males, 308 from females; mean age 53 years; range 30–89 years) and 191 serum samples (96 from males, 95 from females; mean age 54 years; range 30–89 years) from 1998 and 2019 were tested, respectively. The overall anti-HAV IgG prevalence in 2019 [16.8% (95% confidence interval, CI; 1.8–22.8%)] was significantly lower than that in 1998 [47.8% (95% CI 43.7–51.9%)] (p<0.001). Subgroup analysis of each age group showed that the anti-HAV IgG prevalence tended to be low in the young, increased with age, and each age group’s prevalence became older across the two decades. The anti-HAV IgG prevalence for those older than 50 years in 2019 [28.1% (95% CI 11.8–22.8%)] was significantly lower than that in 1998 [75.6% (95% CI 43.7–51.9%)] (p<0.001). Conclusions: A shift toward older across in anti-HA IgG prevalence was observed from 1998 to 2019, revealing that the younger population lacks immunity to HAV. Thus, selective HAV vaccination might be necessary for prevent severe HAV infection.
Effect of long-term sleep disruption on cognitive function and brain amyloid-β accumulation: a case-control study
Authors: Thomas Jana , Ooms Sharon J. , Mentink Lara J. , Booij Jan , Rikkert Marcel G.M. Olde , Overeem Sebastiaan , Kessels Roy P.C. , Claassen Jurgen A.H.R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent evidence indicates that disrupted sleep could contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s disease by influencing the production and/or clearance of the amyloid-β protein. We set up a case-control study to investigated the association between long-term work-induced sleep disruption, cognitive function, and brain amyloid-β accumulation.Methods: We recruited 19 male maritime pilots (aged 48-60 years) with chronic work-related sleep disruption and a sex-, age and education-matched control sample (n=16, aged 50-60 years) with normal sleep. Primary sleep disorders were ruled out with in-lab polysomnography. Additional sleep measurements were obtained at home using actigraphy, sleep-wake logs, and a single-lead EEG device. Cognitive function was assessed with a neuropsychological test battery sensitive to early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Brain amyloid-β accumulation was assessed in maritime pilots using 18 F-flutemetamol amyloid PET-CT.Results: Maritime pilots reported significantly worse sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)=8.8±2.9) during workweeks, compared to controls (PSQI=3.2±1.4; 95% CI 0.01 to 2.57; p =0.049). This was confirmed with actigraphy-based sleep efficiency (86% ±3.8 vs. 89.3% ±4.3; 95% CI 0.43 to 6.03; p =0.03). Home-EEG recordings showed less total sleep time and deep sleep time during workweeks compared to rest-weeks (TST: 318.56 (250.21–352.93) vs. TST: 406.17 (340–425.98); p =0.001; DST: 36.75 (32.30–58.58) vs. DST 51.34 (48.37–69.30); p =0.005)). There were no differences in any of the cognitive domains between the groups. Abnormal amyloid-β accumulation was ruled out, showing mean global cortical standard uptake value ratios in the normal range (1.009 ±0.059; 95% CI 0.980 to 1.037), confirmed by visual reads.Conclusions: Capitalizing on the particular work-rest schedule of maritime pilots, we show that long-term intermittent sleep disruption is not associated with brain amyloid accumulation or cognitive decline.
Research on the integration and scheduling method of intelligent cloud manufacturing resources for fully mechanized coal mining equipment
Authors: Li Juanli , Sun Mengzhen , Jiang Shuo , Xie Jiacheng , Wang Xuewen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In view of the problems such as the overall low utilization rate of resources, the insufficient level of industry informatization, the prominent problem of repeated construction, and the insufficient level of innovation in the manufacturing process design of fully mechanized coal mining equipment, the integration and scheduling method of intelligent cloud manufacturing resources for fully mechanized coal mining equipment was studied. First, the necessity and importance of building intelligent cloud manufacturing resources integration and scheduling systems for fully mechanized mining equipment under the current situation were analyzed. Then, based on the underlying services of cloud computing and intelligent cloud manufacturing, the overall architecture of intelligent cloud manufacturing resources integration and scheduling systems for fully mechanized coal mining equipment was proposed, and the intelligent cloud manufacturing resources integration platform suitable for general and special technical services was designed. Then, a could scheduling method based on an adaptive genetic algorithm was proposed to realize the scheduling of cloud manufacturing resources. Finally, the practicability and operability of the system were verified by the cases. This study has realized the integration and sharing of resources, such as the design, calculation, data, simulation, and servicing of fully mechanized coal mining equipment under the intelligent cloud manufacturing environment.
Prediction of SARS-CoV2 spike protein epitopes reveals HLA-associated susceptibility
Authors: JP Romero-López , M Carnalla-Cortés , DL Pacheco-Olvera , M Ocampo , J Oliva-Ramírez , J Moreno-Manjón , B Bernal-Alferes , E García-Latorre , ML Domínguez-López , Sandoval Arturo Reyes- , L Jiménez-Zamudio 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
SARS-CoV2 infection is causing a pandemic disease that is reflected in important public health problems worldwide. HLA-based epitope prediction and association with susceptibility provides an important base for treatment design. Hence the aim of this study is to predict the best antigen-presenting HLA-class I and II alleles in top affected populations and determine probable susceptibility associations. A bioinformatic prediction of T cell epitopes and their restricted HLA class I and II alleles was performed to predict immunogenic epitopes and HLA alleles from the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, together with molecular modeling analysis and a correlation with the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infection in 14 countries. Here, we describe a set of ten highly immunogenic epitopes, together with different HLA alleles that can efficiently present these epitopes to T cells. Most of these epitopes are located within the S1 subunit of the spike protein, suggesting that this area is highly immunogenic. A statistical correlation was found between the frequency of HLA-A*02:03 and HLA-A*31:01 and a low cumulative incidence in the selected countries.
In vitro and in silico Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Selected Phytochemicals Widely Present in Various Edible Plants
Authors: Mehmood Arshad , Rehman Ashfaq Ur , Ishaq Muhammad , Zhao Liang , Li Jiayi , Usman Muhammad , Zhao Lei , Rehman Abdur , Zad Oumeddour D. , Wang Chengtao 
Published: April 2020

Aims and Objective:
The present study was designed to evaluate the xanthine oxidase
(XO) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of 30 bioactive compounds present in edible food plants
for the possible treatment of hyperuricemia.

Materials and Methods:
The XO inhibitory, SO and DPPH radical scavenging activities of
selected dietary polyphenols were determined by using colorimetric assays. The molecular docking
analysis was performed to evaluate the insight into inhibitory mode of action of bioactive
compounds against XO.

Results:
The results show that apigenin, galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, genistein and resveratrol
potently inhibit XO enzyme among all tested compounds. Flavonoids exhibit higher, anthocyanins
and hydroxycinnamic acids moderate, maslinic acid, ellagic acid, salicylic acid, [6]-gingerol and
flavan-3-ols showed weak XO inhibitory activity. The results of molecular docking study revealed
that these bioactive compounds bind with the active site of XO and occupy the active site which
further prevents the entrance of substrate and results in the inhibition of XO.

Conclusion:
Inhibition of XO gives a robust biochemical basis for management of hyperuricemia,
gout and other associated diseases via controlling uric acid synthesis.