bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IGF-1 treatment causes unique transcriptional response in neurons from individuals with idiopathic autism
Authors: Linker Sara B. , Mendes Ana P. D. , Marchetto Maria C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundResearch evidence accumulated in the past years in both rodent and human models for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have established insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as one of the most promising ASD therapeutic interventions to date. ASD is phenotypically and etiologically heterogeneous, making it challenging to uncover the underlying genetic and cellular pathophysiology of the condition; and to efficiently design drugs with widespread clinical benefits. While IGF-1 effects have been comprehensively studied in the literature, how IGF-1 activity may lead to therapeutic recovery in the ASD context is still largely unknown.MethodsIn this study, we used a previously characterized neuronal population derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from neurotypical controls and idiopathic ASD individuals to study the transcriptional signature of acutely and chronically IGF-1-treated cells.ResultsWe present a comprehensive list of differentially regulated genes and molecular interactions resulting from IGF-1 exposure in developing neurons from controls and ASD individuals. Our results indicate that IGF-1 treatment has a different impact on neurons from ASD patients compared to controls. Response to IGF-1 treatment in neurons derived from ASD patients was heterogeneous and correlated with IGF-1 receptor expression, indicating that IGF-1 response may have responder and non-responder distinctions across cohorts of ASD patients. Our results suggest that caution should be used when predicting the effect of IGF-1 treatment on ASD patients using neurotypical controls. Instead, IGF-1 response should be studied in the context of ASD patients’ neural cells.LimitationsThe limitation of our study is that our cohort of eight sporadic ASD individuals is comorbid with macrocephaly in childhood. Future studies will address weather downstream transcriptional response of IGF-1 is comparable in non-macrocephalic ASD cohorts.ConclusionsThe results presented in this study provide an important resource for researchers in the ASD field and underscore the necessity of using ASD patient lines to explore ASD neuronal-specific responses to drugs such as IGF-1. This study further helps to identify candidate pathways and targets for effective clinical intervention and may help to inform clinical trials in the future.
Sucralose promotes accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adipogenesis in mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Kundu Nabanita , Domingues Cleyton C. , Patel Jay , Aljishi Mohammed , Ahmadi Neeki , Fakhri Mona , Sylvetsky Allison C. , Sen Sabyasachi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) has been consistently associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disease in epidemiologic studies. Herein, we investigated effects of sucralose, a widely used NNS, at a cellular level. We wanted to investigate effect of sucralose on reactive oxygen species accumulation and adipogenesis in a human adipocyte tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a controlled fashion.

Methods
In vitro experiments were conducted on commercially available MSCs obtained from human adipose tissue. hMSCs were exposed with sucralose at 0.2 mM (a concentration which could plausibly be observed in the circulatory system of high NNS consumers) up to 1.0 mM (supra-physiologic concentration) in the presence of both normal and high glucose media to detect a dose response based on the outcome measures. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using Mitosox Red staining and further analyzed by ImageJ and gene expression analysis. Effect of sucralose on adipogenic differentiation was observed in different concentrations of sucralose followed by gene expression analysis and Oil Red O staining.

Results
Increased ROS accumulation was observed within 72 h of exposure. Increased adipogenesis was also noted when exposed to higher dose of sucralose.

Conclusion
Sucralose promotes ROS accumulation and adipogenesis in human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells.
The emerging data–driven Smart City and its innovative applied solutions for sustainability: the cases of London and Barcelona
Authors: Bibri Simon Elias , Krogstie John 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe big data revolution is heralding an era where instrumentation, datafication, and computation are increasingly pervading the very fabric of cities. Big data technologies have become essential to the functioning of cities. Consequently, urban processes and practices are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism that is the key mode of production for smart cities. Such form is increasingly being directed towards tackling the challenges of sustainability in the light of the escalating urbanization trend. This paper investigates how the emerging data-driven smart city is being practiced and justified in terms of the development and implementation of its innovative applied solutions for sustainability. To illuminate this new urban phenomenon, a descriptive case study is adopted as a qualitative research methodology to examine and compare London and Barcelona as the leading data-driven smart cities in Europe. This study shows that these cities have a high level of the development of applied data-driven technologies, but they slightly differ in the level of the implementation of such technologies in different city systems and domains with respect to sustainability areas. They also moderately differ in the degree of their readiness as to the availability and development level of the competences and infrastructure needed to generate, transmit, process, and analyze large masses of data to extract useful knowledge for enhanced decision making and deep insights pertaining to urban operational functioning, management, and planning in relation to sustainability. London takes the lead as regards the ICT infrastructure and data sources, whereas Barcelona has the best practices in the data-oriented competences, notably horizontal information platforms, operations centers, dashboards, training programs and educational institutes, innovation labs, research centers, and strategic planning offices. This research enhances the scholarly community’s current understanding of the new phenomenon of the data-driven city with respect to the untapped synergic potential of the integration of smart urbanism and sustainable urbanism for advancing sustainability in the light of the emerging paradigm of big data computing. No previous work has, to the best of our knowledge, explored and highlighted the link between the data-driven smart solutions and the sustainable development strategies in the context of data-driven sustainable smart cities as a new paradigm of urbanism.
Delivering Hospital-Based Pediatric Palliative Care: The Symptoms, Interventions, and Outcomes for Children With Cancer in Bangladesh
Authors: Doherty Megan , Power Liam , Thabet Chloé 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSEThe majority of pediatric cancer deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pediatric palliative care (PPC) focuses on relieving physical, psychosocial, and spiritual suffering throughout the continuum of cancer care and is considered integral to cancer care for children in all settings. There is limited evidence from LMICs about the characteristics, symptoms, and outcomes of children with cancer who receive PPC, which is needed to define the global need and guide the development of these services.METHODSThis retrospective review of clinical records of children who received PPC was conducted during a pilot project (January 2014-August 2015) that implemented a PPC team at a tertiary hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Clinical data on diagnosis, symptoms, treatment status, deaths, and key palliative care interventions were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.RESULTSThere were 200 children who received PPC during the pilot project. The most common diagnoses were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (62%) and acute myeloid leukemia (11%). Psychosocial support for children (n = 305; 53%) and management of physical symptoms (n = 181; 31%) were the most common types of interventions provided. The most frequently recorded symptoms were pain (n = 60; 30%), skin wounds (n = 16; 8%), and weakness (n = 9; 5%). The most common medications prescribed were morphine (n = 32) and paracetamol (n = 21).CONCLUSIONA hospital-based PPC service addresses pain and symptom concerns as well as psychosocial needs for children with cancer and their families in a setting where resources are limited. Health care facilities should incorporate palliative care into the care of children with cancer to address the needs of children and their families.
Modeling for Predictors of Knowledge Score on Etiology and Prevention Strategies for Cervical Cancer Among Women of Reproductive Age in Ibadan
Authors: Morhason-Bello Imran O. , Kareem Yusuf Olushola , Adewole Isaac F. 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE Poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer in at-risk populations directly affects health-seeking behavior and is associated with high mortality among women with cervical cancer. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of women regarding the causes, risk factors, and prevention strategies of cervical cancer. METHODS A multistage cross-sectional study of 1,002 women of reproductive age (18-49 years) in Ibadan was conducted. Knowledge of cervical cancer risk causes and prevention strategies was assessed using 13 and 9 question items, respectively. The knowledge score was graded as 0 (no knowledge), 1-4 (poor knowledge), or ≥ 5 (good knowledge). The proportional or partial proportional odds model was used to fit 3 models using the forward stepwise selection. All analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). RESULTS The median age of participants was 29 years (interquartile range [IQR], 23-35 years). The median knowledge scores of participants on causes and prevention strategies of cervical cancer were 3 (IQR, 0-4) and 3 (IQR, 0-5), respectively. The assessment of knowledge on causes and prevention strategies for cervical cancer revealed that having multiple sexual partners and no previous opportunity for counseling on cervical cancer screening were factors associated with lower odds of knowledge. CONCLUSION The knowledge of women about the risk factors, causes, and prevention strategies of cervical cancer was poor. It is worrisome that poor knowledge was common among women with potential demographic risk factors for cervical cancer. We recommend innovative community mobilization to improve women’s knowledge of the risk factors associated with cervical cancer and prevention strategies.
Costs versus Coverage, Then and Now
Authors: White Joseph 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To expand coverage to those without it, Democrats in 2010 sacrificed cost control methods that might have helped those already insured. The law therefore did not offer most Americans what they wanted most. President Obama and those who thought like him convinced themselves the legislation would control costs by reforming how health care is organized, but any such effects have been both weak and unpopular. Now many commentators are accusing Democratic candidates of making the same mistake by prioritizing an ideological vision of “Medicare for All” over voters' worries about out-of-pocket costs. Yet Medicare for All, unlike less “radical” approaches, addresses those concerns directly. Unfortunately, neither elites (outside the industry!) nor voters seem to understand that, and it is politically risky because of the same fears about change, industry opposition, and distrust of government that inhibited more effective action a decade before.
How Workers Fared under the ACA
Authors: Gangopadhyaya Anuj , Garrett Bowen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Many politicians, policy makers, and analysts have debated whether the Affordable Care Act (ACA) would have negative effects on the labor market, such as reducing employment, earnings, or hours worked. Building on the existing literature, we investigated how workers' coverage changed under the ACA and whether coverage gains were associated with changes in labor market outcomes across occupations through 2017. We also examined whether occupations experiencing increased coverage through nonemployment sources (i.e., Medicaid or individual plans purchased on the ACA's Marketplaces) also experienced offsetting declines in employer-sponsored insurance (ESI) coverage. Finally, we investigated whether the employer mandate was associated with changes in ESI offers to workers. Among workers in occupations experiencing larger coverage gains under the ACA, we found no evidence that employment, hours worked, or earnings fell relative to workers in occupations that had little change in coverage rates over the same period. Moreover, ESI offers remained stable, even among workers in firms likely subject to the employer mandate. Overall, we found that predictions that the coverage provisions and mandates of the ACA would lead to adverse labor market effects did not materialize.
Specialization of nuclear membrane in eukaryotes
Authors: Hara Yuki 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The size of the intracellular structure that encloses genomic DNA – known as the nucleus in eukaryotes and nucleoid in prokaryotes – is believed to scale according to cell size and genomic content inside them across the tree of life. However, an actual scaling relationship remains largely unexplored across eukaryotic species. Here, I collected a large dataset of nuclear and cell volumes in diverse species across different phyla, including some prokaryotes, from the published literature and assessed the scaling relationship. Although entire inter-species data showed that nuclear volume correlates with cell volume, the quantitative scaling property exhibited differences among prokaryotes, unicellular eukaryotes and multicellular eukaryotes. Additionally, the nuclear volume correlates with genomic content inside the nucleus of multicellular eukaryotes but not of prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes. In this Hypothesis, I, thus, propose that the basic concept of nuclear-size scaling is conserved across eukaryotes; however, structural and mechanical properties of nuclear membranes and chromatin can result in different scaling relationships of nuclear volume to cell volume and genomic content among species. In particular, eukaryote-specific properties of the nuclear membrane may contribute to the extreme flexibility of nuclear size with regard to DNA density inside the nucleus.
PP2ACdc55 dephosphorylates Pds1 and inhibits spindle elongation in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Khondker Shoily , Kajjo Sam , Chandler-Brown Devon , Skotheim Jan , Rudner Adam , Ikui Amy 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
PP2ACdc55 (the form of protein phosphatase 2A containing Cdc55) regulates cell cycle progression by reversing cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)- and polo-like kinase (Cdc5)-dependent phosphorylation events. In S. cerevisiae, Cdk1 phosphorylates securin (Pds1), which facilitates Pds1 binding and inhibits separase (Esp1). During anaphase, Esp1 cleaves the cohesin subunit Scc1 and promotes spindle elongation. Here, we show that PP2ACdc55 directly dephosphorylates Pds1 both in vivo and in vitro. Pds1 hyperphosphorylation in a cdc55 deletion mutant enhanced the Pds1–Esp1 interaction, which played a positive role in Pds1 nuclear accumulation and in spindle elongation. We also show that nuclear PP2ACdc55 plays a role during replication stress to inhibit spindle elongation. This pathway acted independently of the known Mec1, Swe1 or spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) checkpoint pathways. We propose a model where Pds1 dephosphorylation by PP2ACdc55 disrupts the Pds1–Esp1 protein interaction and inhibits Pds1 nuclear accumulation, which prevents spindle elongation, a process that is elevated during replication stress.
Conserved regions of budding yeast Tim22 have a role in structural organization of the carrier translocase
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Matta Srujan Kumar , D'Silva Patrick 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial biogenesis requires efficient sorting of various proteins into different mitochondrial sub-compartments, mediated by dedicated protein machinery present in the outer and inner membrane. Among them, the TIM22 complex enables the integration of complex membrane proteins with internal targeting signals into the inner membrane. Although the Tim22 protein forms the core of the complex, the dynamic recruitment of subunits to the channel is still enigmatic. In this study, we highlight that the intermembrane space (IMS) and transmembrane 4 (TM4) regions of Tim22 are critically required for interactions with the membrane-embedded subunits, including Tim54, Tim18, and Sdh3, and thereby maintain the functional architecture of the TIM22 translocase. Furthermore, we find that the TM1 and TM2 regions of Tim22 are important for association with Tim18, whereas TM3 is exclusively required for the interaction with Sdh3. Moreover, impairment of TIM22 complex assembly influences its translocase activity, the mitochondrial network, and the viability of cells lacking mitochondrial DNA. Overall, our findings provide compelling evidence highlighting the significance of conserved regions of Tim22 that are important for the maintenance of the TIM22 complex and mitochondrial integrity.
Magnetic resonance imaging artifacts produced by dental implants with different geometries
Authors: Bohner Lauren , Meier Norbert , Gremse Felix , Tortamano Pedro , Kleinheinz Johannes , Hanisch Marcel 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the MRI-artifact pattern produced by titanium and zirconia dental implants with different geometries (diameter and height). Methods: Three titanium (Titan SLA, Straumann) and three zirconia (Pure Ceramic Implant, Straumann) dental implants differing on their design (diameter x height) were installed in porcine bone samples. Samples were scanned with a MRI (3T, T1W turbo spin echo sequence, TR/TE 25/3.5ms, voxel size 0.22×0.22×0.50 mm, scan time 11:18). Micro-CT was used as control group (80kV, 125mA, voxel size 16µm). Artifacts’ distribution was measured at vestibular and lingual sites, mesial and distal sites, and at the apex. Statistical analysis was performed with Within-ANOVA (p=0.05). Results: Artifacts distribution measured 2.57 ± 1.09 mm for titanium artifacts and 0.37 ± 0.20 mm for zirconia artifacts (p<0.05). Neither the measured sites (p=0.73) nor the implant geometries (p=0.43) influenced the appearance of artifacts. Conclusion: Artifacts were higher for titanium than zirconia implants. The artifacts pattern was similar for different dental implant geometries.
The use of experimental design methodology in the formulation of a new additive for the dispersion of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer
Authors: El Agri Asmae , Hafnaoui Anass , Khouloud Mehdi , Senhaji Lakehal Mohammed , El Asri Mohammed , Meliani Abdeslem 
Published: June 2020

<p>Yields improvement of the crop depends on many parameters witch each of them acts for a specific manner to boost the plant growth and allow the soil to be more efficient to any kind of plant. Our research is based on the implementation of elemental sulfur into the preparation of triple superphosphate fertilizer and its dispersion into the blend. By adding a small amount of it to the mixture, sulfur particles disperse uniformly by using additives in the phosphate fertilizer.</p><p>This technique is successfully reached by integrating many additives obtained from different chemical industries to spread out the sulfur particle in the fertilizer.</p><p>Several experiments were done by adopting the experimental design methodology (DOE) related to a screening mixture design to select the best surfactant used. So, nine commercial products with different chemical proprieties have been evaluated as a dispersant of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer. First, thanks to the screening mixture design, three products have been chosen for this formulation. Second, by using the mixture design method, new dispersants of elemental sulfur in triple superphosphate fertilizer have been reached. With this method, apart from it is being possible to obtain several dispersants, it is also possible to control the distribution and the average of the particle diameter of the elemental sulfur. Moreover, statistical validation tests confirm the achievement of the sulfur particle size of approximately 1000 µm.</p>
Heavy-y-Metal: A través del cristal. Nuevas perspectivas culturales (‘Heavy-and-Metal: Through the looking glass. New cultural perspectives’), Fernando Galicia Poblet (ed.) (2019)
Authors: Álvarez Sofía , Marchioli Matías Padin 
Published: June 2020

Review of: Heavy-y-Metal: A través del cristal. Nuevas perspectivas culturales (‘Heavy-and-Metal: Through the looking glass. New cultural perspectives’), Fernando Galicia Poblet (ed.) (2019)
Madrid: Apache Libros, 284 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-41203-453-0, p/bk, €18.95
The Used of Different Culture Medium Effect on The Growth Of Chlorella Sp
Authors: Chilmawati Diana 
Published: June 2020

The effort of aquaculture especially in the brackish and marine water becomes more develope,. That development cannot be separated from seeding phase. To sufficient the needed of seed, it is needed seed aquaculture by giving sufficient and quality life food, because it cannot be replace yet by the imitation food on the early of larvae seedling. One of the life food is Chlorella sp that given to zooplankton variety directly to the fish or shrimp cultivan. Therefore the Walne, Guillard’s f/2, and Erdschreiber culture mediums are suitabel medium used to phytoplankton culture. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of medium of usage of Walne, Guillard’s f/2, and Erdschreiber on the growth of Chlorella. Also to know the best medium from those three medium on the growth of Chlorella sp the research was Laboratories experimental character. The effort scheme used is completely randomized design 3 treatments and 3 times repetitions, Those 3 treatments are as follows: A. Walne Medium, B. Guillard’s f/2 Medium, and C. Erdschreiber Medium. The result of the research shows that the used of different culture medium effect on the growth of Chlorella sp, that is significant difference (P<0,05) on the Lag Phase time with best treatment B (0,290 days), great significant difference (P<0,01) on the specific growth rate with best treatment B (0.655). Thus on the maximum density and final density (on Log No. sel/mL) is great significant differences with best treatment B (Guillard’s f/2) each are 7.931 and 6.443. The best medium for Chlorella sp. from those three mediums used in this research is Guillard’s f/2 medium. Key Words : medium, culture, growth, Chlorella sp
Social Justice and Gender
Authors: Loader William 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article examines the impact of the widespread pattern of unequal age at marriage which led men to conclude that not only were their wives less experienced and mature, they were also inferior by nature. It examines the ideological underpinning for the view of women’s inferiority in Plato and the Genesis creation stories, especially in their Greek translation. It then traces the way this value system found expression in the traditional allocation of gender roles, women taking responsibility for the internal affairs of the household and men for the external affairs, including public discourse. There were exceptions both within Judaism and within the early Christian movement. These and the egalitarian thoughts in Christian beginnings had the potential to subvert these norms, over time, but a long time.