bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exacerbation of mitral regurgitation after tricuspid valve replacement for isolated tricuspid regurgitation
Authors: Nishiwaki Shushi , Hayashi Hideyuki , Yamamoto Yuki , Nakane Eisaku , Hanyu Michiya , Inoko Moriaki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 74‐year‐old woman, with a history of aortic valve replacement and open mitral commissurotomy due to rheumatic aortic and mitral stenosis, presented with dyspnea. She developed severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR), requiring tricuspid valve replacement (TVR). Despite an uneventful postoperative course, she was readmitted for dyspnea 2 months later. Trans‐thoracic echocardiogram revealed severe mitral regurgitation (MR), despite mild MR at the time of TVR, which has not been previously reported. The main MR mechanism was increased left ventricular preload due to improved TR. Increased diuresis has controlled her congestive heart failure, but her MR remained moderate.
The changing face of family medicine in the COVID and post‐COVID era
Authors: Grattagliano Ignazio , Rossi Alessandro , Cricelli Iacopo , Cricelli Claudio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article describes the prospective changes and the fundamental values of the relationships between family doctors, patients and community according to an ethical‐social concept of medicine. New aspects of the organization of the activity and of the roles of family doctors are reported in order to build hypotheses pointing to a modern and efficient management of patients in the coming the post‐COVID era.
Biological senescence risk score. A practical tool to predict biological senescence status
Authors: Ortiz-Morales Ana M. , Alcala-Diaz Juan F. , Rangel-Zuñiga Oriol A. , Corina Andreea , Quintana-Navarro Gracia , Cardelo Magdalena P. , Yubero-Serrano Elena , Malagon Maria M. , Delgado-Lista Javier , Ordovas Jose M. , Lopez-Miranda Jose , Perez-Martinez Pablo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAgeing and biological senescence, both related to cardiovascular disease, are mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. We aim to develop a predictive tool to evaluate the degree of biological senescence in coronary patients.MethodsRelative telomere length (RTL) of 1002 coronary patients from the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) was determined at baseline in addition to markers of inflammatory response (hs‐C‐Reactive Protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, IL‐6, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, adiponectin, resistin and leptin) and oxidative stress (nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation products, carbonylated proteins, catalase, total glutathione, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, superoxide dismutase and peroxidated glutathione). Biological senescence was defined using the cut‐off value defined by the lower quintile of relative telomere length in our population (RTL = 0.7629). We generated and tested different predictive models based on logistic regression analysis to identify biological senescence. Three models were designed to be used with different sets of information.ResultsWe selected those patients with all the variables proposed to develop the predictive models (n = 353). Statistically significant differences between both groups (Biological senescence vs. Nonbiological senescence) were found for total cholesterol, catalase, superoxide dismutase, IL‐1β, resistin and leptin. The area under the curve of receiver‐operating characteristic to predict biological senescence for our models was 0.65, 0.75 and 0.72.ConclusionsThese predictive models allow us to calculate the degree of biological senescence in coronary patients, identifying a subgroup of patients at higher risk and who may require more intensive treatment.
Lack of association between LGMN and Alzheimer’s disease in the Southern Han Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Jiao Bin , Weng Ling , Zhou Yafang , Guo Lina , Wang Xin , Zhou Lu , Liu Xixi , Xiao Xuewen , Liu Hui , Zhu Xiangyu , Li Chenping , Zhu Yuan , Yang Qijie , Lin Zhuojie , Jiang Yaling , Wen Yafei , Zhou Hui , Shen Lu , Liao Xinxin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, functional studies have demonstrated that legumain (LGMN) cleaves both amyloid β‐protein precursor and tau, promoting senile plaques and formation of neurofibrillary tangles, which may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the genetic role of LGMN in AD has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we used Sanger sequencing to investigate the single independent (single‐variant association test) and cumulative (gene‐based association test) effects of variants in the LGMN gene as potential susceptibility factors for AD, in a cohort comprising 676 AD cases and 365 elderly controls from the Han population of South China. In single‐variant association analysis, none of the common variants in LGMN were statistically significant. In gene‐based analysis, the LGMN gene also showed no association with AD. The results of our replication study in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort also showed no association between LGMN and AD. These findings suggest that the LGMN gene may not be a critical factor for AD development.
Detection of atrial fibrillation with implantable loop recorders in horses
Authors: Buhl Rikke , Hesselkilde Eva M. , Carstensen Helena , Fenner Merle F. , Jespersen Thomas , Tfelt‐Hansen Jacob , Michael Sattler Stefan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCardiac arrhythmias in horses are diagnosed by auscultation or electrocardiogram (ECG), which results in a low sensitivity for detecting arrhythmias that occur sporadically. Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are small ECG devices placed subcutaneously, to automatically detect arrhythmias in human patients.ObjectivesTo test ILRs ability to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) in horses. Furthermore, we hypothesised that anatomical location of the implant site might influence signal quality. Signal quality was evaluated both during exercise and over time.Study designExperimental study.MethodsIn five Standardbred mares, eleven ILRs were implanted subcutaneously in up to three different positions (Front: pectoral region, Left‐6: sixth left intercostal space and Ventral: xiphoid region) and AF induced. The R‐ and T‐wave amplitudes were measured in all positions over time during AF. AF burden automatically registered by the ILRs over a 2‐month period was compared with selected Holter ECG recordings.ResultsAll three positions had stable R‐ and T‐wave amplitudes during the study period and were of sufficient quality to allow AF detection at rest. The position Left‐6 showed significantly higher R‐ and T‐wave amplitudes compared with the other positions. During submaximal exercise only the Left‐6 position was able to record ECG signals of diagnostic quality. No position yielded diagnostic signals at maximum exercise due to artefacts.Main limitationsFew horses and ILRs included and no spontaneous AF episodes were studied.ConclusionsThis preliminary study indicates that ILRs can be used for AF detection in horses, but the anatomical location is important for optimal ECG quality. Despite insufficient quality during exercise, ILRs were suitable for AF detection at rest. Therefore, the ILR may be a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting paroxysmal AF in horses.
Cross‐sectional study reveals that HLA‐C*07:02 is a potential biomarker of early onset/lesion severity of psoriasis
Authors: Li Junqin , Li Xiaofang , He Fusheng , Zhao Xincheng , Hou Ruixia , Lin Haoxiang , Shen Juan , Wu Xueli , Liao Qijun , Xing Jianxiao , Yin Guohua , Li Xinhua , Zhang Kaiming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPsoriasis is a common chronic autoimmune skin disease, with T cells playing a predominant role in its pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to investigate the relation of T‐cell repertoires (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in psoriatic patients to further understand mechanisms in disease pathogenesis. We conducted a cross‐sectional study involving nine pairs of monozygotic twins with inconsistent psoriasis and examined the TCR diversity and MHC haplotype of the individuals using multiple‐PCR and high‐throughput sequencing. Additionally, 665 psoriatic patients were applied to validate the relation of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I allele HLA‐C*07:02 and early onset or lesion severity of psoriasis. The immune diversity was lower in psoriatic patients compared with unaffected individuals within the twin pairs, although the difference was not significant. The clonotypes of TCR significantly decreased in psoriatic patients with high PASI score and early onset. HLA‐C*07:02, a haplotype associated with psoriasis, was positively correlated with the diversity of the TCRV gene. Moreover, HLA‐C*07:02 clustered in patients with high PASI and early onset. In the replication stage, we found that the PASI and onset age in psoriasis with HLA‐C*07:02 were significantly different from those without HLA‐C*07:02 and without HLA‐C*06:02. Our observations indicate that HLA‐C*07:02 is positively correlated with the diversity of TCRV gene in psoriasis and maybe a potential biomarker of early onset/severe lesions of psoriasis.
Secure third‐party data clustering using SecureCL, Φ‐data and multi‐user order preserving encryption
Authors: Almutairi Nawal , Coenen Frans , Dures Keith 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSecure collaborative data clustering using SecureCL is presented. SecureCL is founded on the concept of Φ‐data implemented using Super Secure Chain Distance Matrices and encrypted using Multi‐User Order Preserving Encryption. The advantage offered, unlike comparable systems, is that SecureCL does not require any user participation once the Φ‐data proxy has been encrypted; it does not require recourse to Secure Multi‐Party Computation protocols or ‘secret sharing’ mechanisms. The utility of SecureCL is illustrated using Nearest Neighbour Clustering and Density‐Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, although it can be applied to any data clustering algorithm that involves distance comparison. The reported experiments demonstrate that SecureCL can produce securely cluster configurations comparable to those produced using standard, non‐encrypted, approaches without entailing any significant computational overhead, thus indicating its suitability in the context of Data Mining as a Service.
Close‐up: HIV/SIV intasome structures shed new light on integrase inhibitor binding and viral escape mechanisms
Authors: Engelman Alan N. , Cherepanov Peter 
Published: June 2020

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are important components of drug formulations that are used to treat people living with HIV, and second‐generation INSTIs dolutegravir and bictegravir impart high barriers to the development of drug resistance. Reported 10 years ago, X‐ray crystal structures of prototype foamy virus (PFV) intasome complexes explained how INSTIs bind integrase to inhibit strand transfer activity and provided initial glimpses into mechanisms of drug resistance. However, comparatively low sequence identity between PFV and HIV‐1 integrases limited the depth of information that could be gleaned from the surrogate model system. Recent high‐resolution structures of HIV‐1 intasomes as well as intasomes from a closely related strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which were determined using single‐particle cryogenic electron microscopy, have overcome this limitation. The new structures reveal the binding modes of several advanced INSTI compounds to the HIV/SIV integrase active site and critically inform the structural basis of drug resistance. These findings will help guide the continued development of this important class of antiretroviral therapeutics.
Dextran deposition in reticuloendothelial organs in hemodialysis patients: A forgotten adverse effect of low‐molecular weight dextran
Authors: Yokokawa Toru , Ikura Yoshihiro , Okabe Hidetoshi , Iwai Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present two autopsy cases of refractory ascites/hydrothorax associated with systemic deposition of low‐molecular weight dextran that had been used in hemodialysis over an extended period. The most striking autopsy findings in both cases were dense accumulation of dextran‐laden macrophages in sinusoids of reticuloendothelial organs. These accumulated macrophages seemed to have disturbed blood and lymph flow. Based on these findings, we concluded that the persistent ascites and hydrothorax were attributable to systemic deposition of dextran, especially the accumulation of dextran‐laden macrophages in the reticuloendothelial organs. We suggest that dextran solution should immediately be designated as contraindicated for hemodialysis patients.
Reflections, impact and recommendations of a co‐produced qualitative study with young people who have experience of mental health difficulties
Authors: Dewa Lindsay H. , Lawrence‐Jones Anna , Crandell Caroline , Jaques Jack , Pickles Katy , Lavelle Mary , Pappa Sofia , Aylin Paul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence of genuine equal partnership where power is shared with young people with mental health difficulties throughout all research stages, particularly in data collection and analysis.ObjectiveTo describe how our qualitative study, exploring young peoples’ perceptions on the feasibility of using technology to detect mental health deterioration, was co‐produced using principles of co‐production, whilst reflecting on impact, challenges and recommendations.MethodsYoung people with experience of mental health difficulties were appointed and then worked with researchers throughout all research stages. The study was evaluated against the five principles of co‐production. Reflections from researchers and young people were collected throughout.ResultsSeven young people formed an initial Young People's Advisory Group (YPAG); three became co‐researchers. Reflection was key throughout the process. Sharing power became easier and more evident as trust, confidence and mutual respect grew over time, particularly after a safe space was established. The safe space was crucial for open discussions, and our WhatsApp group enabled continual communication, support and shared decision‐making. The resulting co‐produced topic guide, coding framework, thematic map, papers and presentations demonstrated significant impact.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first qualitative mental health study to be co‐produced using the principles of co‐production. Our rigorous assessment can be utilized as an informative document to help others to produce meaningful co‐produced future research. Although co‐production takes time, it makes significant impact to the research, researchers and co‐researchers. Flexible funding for spontaneous suggestions from co‐researchers and more time for interview training is recommended.
Interobserver variation in the classification of thymic lesions including biopsies and resection specimens in an international digital microscopy panel
Authors: Wolf Janina L , van Nederveen Francien , Blaauwgeers Hans , Marx Alexander , Nicholson Andrew G , Roden Anja C , Ströbel Philipp , Timens Wim , Weissferdt Annika , von der Thüsen Jan , den Bakker Michael A 
Published: June 2020

AimsThymic tumours are rare in routine pathology practice. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) classification describes a number of well‐defined categories, the classification remains challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of the WHO classification among a large group of international pathologists with expertise in thymic pathology and by using whole slide imaging to facilitate rapid diagnostic turnover.Methods and resultsThree hundred and five tumours, consisting of 90 biopsies and 215 resection specimens, were reviewed with a panel‐based virtual microscopy approach by a group of 13 pathologists with expertise in thymic tumours over a period of 6 years. The specimens were classified according to the WHO 2015 classification. The data were subjected to statistical analysis, and interobserver concordance (Fleiss kappa) was calculated. All cases were diagnosed within a time frame of 2 weeks. The overall level of agreement was substantial (κ = 0.6762), and differed slightly between resection specimens (κ = 0.7281) and biopsies (κ = 0.5955). When analysis was limited to thymomas only, and they were grouped according to the European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines into B2, B3 versus A, AB, B1 and B3 versus A, AB, B1, B2, the level of agreement decreased slightly (κ = 0.5506 and κ = 0.4929, respectively). Difficulties arose in distinguishing thymoma from thymic carcinoma. Within the thymoma subgroup, difficulties in distinction were seen within the B group.ConclusionsAgreement in diagnosing thymic lesions is substantial when they are assessed by pathologists with experience of these rare tumours. Digital pathology decreases the turnaround time and facilitates access to what is essentially a multinational resource. This platform provides a template for dealing with rare tumours for which expertise is sparse.
MYC expression has limited utility in the distinction of undifferentiated radiation‐associated sarcomas from sporadic sarcomas and sarcomatoid carcinoma
Authors: Mito Jeffrey K , Qian Xiaohua , Jo Vickie Y , Doyle Leona A 
Published: June 2020

AimsMYC is a proto‐oncogene that is frequently dysregulated in various malignancies, through translocation or amplification. Radiation‐associated angiosarcoma frequently shows MYC amplification, and immunohistochemical expression has been shown to be a reliable surrogate marker for amplification, but less is known about MYC expression in other sarcoma types, despite reports of MYC amplification in some undifferentiated/unclassified radiation‐associated sarcomas (RASs). Distinguishing putative RAS from non‐radiation‐associated sarcoma or sarcomatoid carcinoma can be difficult. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and potential diagnostic utility of MYC in this context, by evaluating MYC expression in a cohort of RASs, non‐radiation‐associated sarcomas, and sarcomatoid carcinomas.Methods and resultsThree hundred and eighty‐five neoplasms were evaluated, including 81 RASs (18 angiosarcomas; 57 undifferentiated sarcomas; three leiomyosarcomas; and three malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours), 267 non‐radiation‐associated sarcomas, and 37 sarcomatoid carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry was performed with a monoclonal anti‐MYC antibody. Staining in tumour cells was scored on the basis of extent (focal, 1–4%; multifocal, 5–49%; and diffuse, ≥50%) and intensity (strong, moderate, and weak). One hundred percent of radiation‐associated angiosarcomas expressed MYC diffusely. Expression was infrequent among other types of RAS (9.5%), and the frequency was similar to that in non‐radiation‐associated sarcomas (9.7%). MYC expression was more common in sarcomatoid carcinomas, occurring in 43%. The extent and intensity of staining were variable in all groups.ConclusionMYC expression is infrequent among RASs other than angiosarcoma, and has a similar prevalence in sporadic sarcomas. Given the frequency of expression in sarcomatoid carcinomas, MYC expression outside the context of radiation‐associated angiosarcoma is of limited diagnostic utility, and should be interpreted with caution after exclusion of sarcomatoid carcinoma where relevant.
A comparative case‐control study of diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis and proposal of new diagnostic criteria from Tunisia
Authors: Lahouel Maha , Lahouel Ines , Belhadjali Hichem , Ben Hammouda Mouna , Youssef Monia , Zili Jameleddine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogeneous disease. Thus, it is difficult to set up standard diagnostic criteria that cover the entire spectrum of AD patients. Our objectives were to study the epidemiologic characteristics of AD in Tunisia and to evaluate five diagnostic criteria (Hanifin and Rajka, Williams, Taieb and Boralevi, REACH and ISAAC questionnaire).MethodsThis prospective case‐control study was carried out in our Dermatology Department in Tunisia. The cases and controls were collected over a period of one year (January 3, 2017, to January 2, 2018).ResultsWe collected 101 patients with AD and 101 controls. Patients and controls were comparable by age and gender. The mean age of patients was 9 years and 9 months with sex ratio 1.02. Children accounted for more than half of the patients (61.39%). The sensitivity and specificity of the criteria were, respectively: 90.1% and 90.1% for the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, 53.47% and 96.04% for the Williams criteria, 62.50% and 92.3% for the Taieb and Boralevi criteria, 41.58% and 92.08% for ISAAC questionnaire, 49.5% and 91.09% for REACH questionnaire. A new version of AD diagnostic criteria has been proposed. By applying these new criteria retrospectively to our patients, the sensitivity rises to 90.1%.ConclusionThe new version of AD criteria is a practical diagnostic tool compared to the Hanifin and Rajka criteria and seems to correct the problem of low sensitivity of the Williams criteria. Large validation studies are needed.
Executive function phenotypes in pediatric obesity
Authors: Gowey Marissa , Redden David , Lim Crystal , Janicke David , Dutton Gareth 
Published: June 2020

SummaryObjectiveTo comprehensively examine the behavioral phenotypes of children with and without executive function (EF) impairments in a clinical sample of youth with obesity.MethodsYouth aged 8 to 17 years (Mean age = 12.97) attending a medical clinic for obesity and their caregivers (N = 195 dyads) completed a battery of behavioral questionnaires. Caregiver‐proxy report of EF was assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Latent Class Analysis was conducted to identify EF groupings. Analysis of variance and chi‐square tests were conducted to examine associations between EF groups and behavioral phenotypes.ResultsFour latent classes of EF impairment were identified (No/Low Impairment; Behavioral Regulation Impairment; Metacognition Impairment; Global Impairment). There was an overall positive pattern of associations between these EF groups and behavioral/emotional symptoms, such that behavioral/emotional symptoms tended to increase with EF impairment.ConclusionsChildren with obesity and EF impairment demonstrate a dysregulated behavioral phenotype ranging from internalizing to externalizing behavioral and weight‐related symptoms. This phenotype framework may be clinically beneficial for utilizing screening/assessment results to develop, tailor, and/or match treatment approaches in pediatric obesity.