bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and antimicrobial assessment of Iranian Propolis gathered in Qazvin province
Authors: Samieerad Fatemeh , Gheibi Nematollah 
Published: February 2020

Background: Propolis is one of the useful bee colony products that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In this study, the physicochemical characters and their antibacterial effect of Iranian Propolis collected from Qazvin province was assessed.Methods: In this study, Thin Layer Chromatography and Vacuum Liquid Chromatography to detect different compounds of the extract have been used. In the initial evaluation of Propolis extract, it was found that the extract includes variable compounds with different polarity; so, the initial classification of extract with different polarity solvents was essential. Finally, 0.1 gr hydro alcoholic Propolis was injected to the HPLC by ultrasound. The antibacterial effect of Iranian ethanol extract Propolis was measured using a microdilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strains and the minimum bactericidal and inhibitory concentration were defined.Results: Primary analysis of the ethanol extract by analytical Thin Layer Chromatography, demonstrated the presence of flavonoid and phenol in it. Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration for Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strain was 2.5mg/ml. The same procedure was done for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa standard strain and the Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration were 50mg/ml of Propolis extracts. Conclusion: According to the results, the alcoholic extract of propolis from Qazvin province of Iran provides significant antimicrobial activity. Its powerful activity may be due to high total phenolic and flavonoid contents.Keywords: Iranian propolis, Antibacterial activity, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoid compound
قياس تكامل الافصاح عن نموذج الاعمال مع الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية (الملائمة والتمثيل الصادق)
Authors: يحيى التميمي عباس حميد , عبد الامير زيني حسين زهير 
Published: February 2020

يهدف البحث الى تحقيق التكامل بين الافصاح عن نماذج اعمال الشركات مع الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية، ولتحقيق ذلك ينبغي تحديد عناصر أنموذج الاعمال والافصاح عنها، ومن ثم دراسة امكانية تحقيق التكامل بين الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال مع الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية .
ولتحقيق ذلك الهدف استند البحث على مؤشرات الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال لمجلس معايير المحاسبة الدولية، وذلك لقياس الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال، وايضاً استعمال مجموعة من النماذج الاحصائية لبيان مدى التكامل مع الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية .
وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات تمثلت اهمها بما يأتي:
اولاً : ان المؤشرات الواردة في اطار الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال طبقاً لـ ( IASB 2010 ) تفسر أنموذج الاعمال للمصارف عينة البحث، اذ بينت نتائج استعمال هذه المؤشرات ان المصارف العينة افصحت بنسب متفاوتة عن أنموذج الاعمال، وان اقل المؤشرات، التي افصحت عنها المصارف عينة البحث كانت تتعلق بنتائج العمليات والآفاق، و مقاييس الأداء الحرجة) .
ثانياً: ان النتائج تظهر امكانية صياغة علاقة تكامل بين الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال والخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية الاساسية، اذ ان اضافة الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال الى خاصية الملائمة ادى الى تعزيز هذه الخاصية وزيادة القيمة المعنوية للأنموذج، بينما لا يظهر تأثير كبير عند اضافة الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال الى خاصية التمثيل الصادق.
وقد استخلص البحث مجموعة من التوصيات من اهمها:
اولاً : ضرورة الزام جميع الشركات على الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال طبقاً لاطار IASB 2010.
ثانياً: ينبغي تطوير الاطار المفاهيمي للابلاغ المالي وخاصة فيما يتعلق بالخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية، بما يتناسب مع اهمية الافصاح عن أنموذج الاعمال، وكيف ينعكس ذلك في تعزيز الابلاغ المالي، وبالتالي تلبية متطلبات معايير الابلاغ المالي الدولية .
Variáveis preditoras de mortalidade em pacientes com traumatismo crânio encefálico na terapia intensiva
Authors: Porto Elias Ferreira , Leite José Renato de Oliveira , Santos Adriana Zamprônio dos 
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Verificar a mortalidade, analisar as variáveis preditoras de mortalidade dos pacientes hospitalizados na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) por traumatismo crânio encefálico e observar a evolução dos mesmos. Método: Os dados foram coletados num hospital público de São Paulo na unidade de terapia intensiva e consistiu em avaliar o paciente diariamente e colher dados em seu prontuário. Foram estudados 20 pacientes, com idade média de 52±19,9 e 30±12 anos para o grupo óbito e vivos, respectivamente. Resultados: Não foi encontrada diferença significativa para os dois grupos na análise dos exames laboratoriais de sódio, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, uréia, creatinina, e na avaliação pela escala de Glasgow (p=0,22). Houve maior risco de mortalidade para a presença do hematoma 2,62 (IC 1,13-6,09), infecção 3,5 (IC 1,2-5,9) dos níveis séricos de leucócitos no inicio, meio e fim para os dois grupos. Para óbito e vivos não foi encontrado diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,06). Na avaliação no qual foi comparado o leucograma inicial, meio e final para o grupo óbito separadamente, verificou-se que houve aumento significante do número de leucócitos (p=0,0011). Conclusão: A infecção e a presença do hematoma aumentaram o risco de mortalidade, e a escala de Glasgow não foi um bom preditor de mortalidade.
O neurocirurgião e o paciente com neoplasia cerebral maligna
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Frederico de Almeida 
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho possui como objetivo abordar o difícil momento da tomada de decisão do médico frente ao paciente com neoplasia cerebral maligna. Vislumbrando algumas questões éticas presentes no trato com o paciente terminal e sua família.
The Electronic Transport Channel Protection and Tuning in Real Space to Boost the Thermoelectric Performance of Mg

3+
δ

Sb

2-
y

Bi

y

near Room Temperature
Authors: Han Zhijia , Gui Zhigang , Zhu Y. B. , Qin Peng , Zhang Bo-Ping , Zhang Wenqing , Huang Li , Liu Weishu 
Published: February 2020

The optimization of thermoelectric materials involves the decoupling of the transport of electrons and phonons. In this work, an increased Mg
1
-Mg
2
distance, together with the carrier conduction network protection, has been shown as an effective strategy to increase the weighted mobility (

U
=
μ

m

∗
3
/
2

) and hence thermoelectric power factor of Mg

3+
δ

Sb

2-
y

Bi

y

family near room temperature. Mg

3+
δ

Sb
0.5
Bi
1.5
has a high carrier mobility of 247 cm
2
V
-1
s
-1
and a record power factor of 3470
μ
W m
-1
K
-2
at room temperature. Considering both efficiency and power density, Mg

3+
δ

Sb
1.0
Bi
1.0
with a high average ZT of 1.13 and an average power factor of 3184
μ
W m
-1
K
-2
in the temperature range of 50-250°C would be a strong candidate to replace the conventional n-type thermoelectric material Bi
2
Te
2.7
Se
0.3
. The protection of the transport channel through Mg sublattice means alloying on Sb sublattice has little effect on electron while it significantly reduces phonon thermal conductivity, providing us an approach to decouple electron and phonon transport for better thermoelectric materials.
A pilot study of a longitudinal mindfulness curriculum in undergraduate medical education
Authors: MacLean Heather , Braschi Emelie , Archibald Douglas , Sanchez-Campos Millaray , Jebanesan Danusha , Koszycki Diana , Gonsalves Carol 
Published: February 2020

Background: To support student well-being, a mindfulness curriculum in undergraduate medical education was launched at our university in 2014. We describe the program and report 3-year results.
Methods: Medical students responded to online questionnaires on mindfulness (Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory), empathy (Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy), resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and were surveyed for demographics, home practice, and subjective experience at curriculum launch and yearly for 3 years.
Results: In respondents, high stress (19.2 (SD=6)) and low resilience (71.2 (SD=12.5)) scores were seen throughout training. Scores for mindfulness correlated positively with those for empathy (r=.217 p<0.01) and resilience (r=.539, p<0.01), and negatively with stress scores (r=-.380, p<0.01). While overall scale scores did not statistically change after curriculum implementation, statistically significant increases were seen in mindfulness (12%, p=0.008), empathy (5%, p=0.045), and resilience scores (12%, p=0.002) with a trend toward lower stress scores (8%, p=0.080) in respondents who felt they applied the curriculum principles. Two hours of reported home practice per week was associated with statistically significant changes (14% increased mindfulness scores p<0.001; 6% increased empathy scores p<0.001, 10% increased resilience scores p=0.003; 11% decreased stress scores p= 0.008). Despite positive program evaluations for both mandatory and elective sessions, student attendance at elective sessions was low.
Conclusion: A mindfulness curriculum integrated into formal undergraduate medical education is feasible. Benefits may be confined to those students who apply curriculum principles and practice regularly. Further study is needed.
EVALUACIÓN DE LAS PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS Y MECÁNICAS DE BIOPOLÍMEROS A PARTIR DEL ALMIDÓN MODIFICADO DE LA PAPA
Authors: Alarcón Cavero Hugo Arturo , Arroyo Benites Edmundo 
Published: February 2020

En el presente artículo presentamos el estudio realizado para la obtención de biopolímeros a partir del almidón de papa, para ser utilizado como empaque de alimentos, se modificó el almidón con ácido acético al 5% obteniéndose un polímero con un 61,76% de amilosa y 38,28% de amilopectina. Las pruebas de elongación y tracción mostraron que el almidón modificado presentó una mejor propiedad mecánica.
Asimismo, se prepararon películas poliméricas donde se adicionaron aditivos al almidón modificado para lograr que el film mejore sus propiedades mecánicas y su textura, para ello se utilizó al Chitosan y Xathan en diferentes proporciones, determinándose una mejora de la propiedad mecánica del biopolímero. Esto fue corroborado con pruebas de elongación y tracción, obteniéndose valores del 33% y 8,47 N, respectivamente, las espectroscopias de infrarrojo y Uv-Vis realizadas a los biopolímeros muestran picos característicos de celulosa y una buena transmitancia del 87%. Todas las muestras fueron obtenidas siguiendo el método Taguchi.
CO Gas and Dust Outbursts from Centaur 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann
Authors: Wierzchos K. , Womack M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann is an unusual solar system object. Originally classified as a short-period comet, it is now known as a Centaur that recently transferred to its current orbit, and may become a Jupiter family comet. It has exhibited a dust coma for over 90 yr, and regularly undergoes significant dust outbursts. Carbon monoxide is routinely detected in high amounts and is typically assumed to play a large role in generating the quiescent dust coma and outbursts. To test this hypothesis, we completed two three-month-long observing campaigns of the CO J = 2–1 rotational line using the Arizona Radio Observatory 10 m Submillimeter Telescope during 2016 and 2018–2019, and compared the results to visible magnitudes obtained at the same time. As the Centaur approached its 2019 perihelion, the quiescent dust coma grew ∼45% in brightness, while it is unclear whether the quiescent CO production rate also increased. A doubling of the CO production rate on 2016 February 28.6 UT did not trigger an outburst nor a rise in dust production for at least 10 days. Similarly, two dust outbursts occurred in 2018 while CO production continued at quiescent rates. Two other dust outbursts may show gas involvement. The data indicate that CO and dust outbursts are not always well correlated. This may be explained if CO is not always substantially incorporated with the dust component in the nucleus, or if CO is primarily released through a porous material. Additionally, other minor volatiles or physical processes may help generate dust outbursts.
Candidate Brown-dwarf Microlensing Events with Very Short Timescales and Small Angular Einstein Radii
Authors: Han Cheongho , Lee Chung-Uk , Udalski Andrzej , Gould Andrew , Bond Ian A. , Bozza Valerio ,   (LEADING AUTHORS), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Jung Youn Kil , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Jee M. James , Kim Doeon ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin ,   (The OGLE Collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Donachie Martin , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Itow Yoshitaka , Hirao Yuki , Kamei Yuhei , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Li Man Cheung Alex , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Nagakane Masayuki , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Shoji Hikaru , Suematsu Haruno , Sullivan Denis J. , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J. , Yamakawa Takeharu , Yamawaki Tsubasa , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (The MOA Collaboration)
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Short-timescale microlensing events are likely to be produced by substellar brown dwarfs (BDs), but it is difficult to securely identify BD lenses based on only event timescales

because short-timescale events can also be produced by stellar lenses with high relative lens-source proper motions. In this paper, we report three strong candidate BD-lens events found from the search for lensing events not only with short timescales (

) but also with very small angular Einstein radii (

) among the events that have been found in the 2016–2019 observing seasons. These events include MOA-2017-BLG-147, MOA-2017-BLG-241, and MOA-2019-BLG-256, in which the first two events are produced by single lenses and the last event is produced by a binary lens. From the Monte Carlo simulations of Galactic events conducted with the combined

and

constraint, it is estimated that the lens masses of the individual events are

,

, and

and the probability of the lens mass smaller than the lower limit of stars is ∼80% for all events. We point out that routine lens mass measurements of short-timescale lensing events require survey-mode space-based observations.
SPCANet: Stellar Parameters and Chemical Abundances Network for LAMOST-II Medium Resolution Survey
Authors: Wang Rui , Luo A-Li , Chen Jian-Jun , Hou Wen , Zhang Shuo , Zhao Yong-Heng , Li Xiang-Ru , Hou Yong-Hui ,   LAMOST MRS Collaboration
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The fundamental stellar atmospheric parameters (T
eff and log g) and 13 chemical abundances are derived for medium-resolution spectroscopy from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Medium Resolution Survey (MRS) data sets with a deep-learning method. The neural networks we designed, named SPCANet, precisely map LAMOST MRS spectra to stellar parameters and chemical abundances. The stellar labels derived by SPCANet have precisions of 119 K for T
eff and 0.17 dex for log g. The abundance precision of 11 elements including [C/H], [N/H], [O/H], [Mg/H], [Al/H], [Si/H], [S/H], [Ca/H], [Ti/H], [Cr/H], [Fe/H], and [Ni/H] are 0.06 ∼ 0.12 dex, while that of [Cu/H] is 0.19 dex. These precisions can be reached even for spectra with signal-to-noise ratios as low as 10. The results of SPCANet are consistent with those from other surveys such as APOGEE, GALAH, and RAVE, and are also validated with the previous literature values including clusters and field stars. The catalog of the estimated parameters is available at doi:10.12149/101012.
KMTNet Nearby Galaxy Survey II. Searching for Dwarf Galaxies in Deep and Wide-field Images of the NGC 1291 System
Authors: Byun Woowon , Sheen Yun-Kyeong , Park Hong Soo , Ho Luis C. , Lee Joon Hyeop , Kim Sang Chul , Jeong Hyunjin , Park Byeong-Gon , Seon Kwang-Il , Lee Youngdae , Lee Yongseok , Cha Sang-Mok , Ko Jongwan , Kim Minjin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We present newly discovered dwarf galaxy candidates in deep and wide-field images of NGC 1291 obtained with the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network. We identify 15 dwarf galaxy candidates by visual inspection. Using imaging simulations, we demonstrate that the completeness rate of our detection is greater than 70% for the central surface-brightness value of μ
0,R
≲ 26 mag arcsec−2 and for magnitudes M

R
≲ −10 mag. The structural and photometric properties of the dwarf galaxy candidates appear to be broadly consistent with those of ordinary dwarf galaxies in nearby groups and clusters, with μ
0,R
∼ 22.5 to 26.5 mag arcsec−2 and effective radii of 200 pc to 1 kpc. The dwarf galaxy candidates show a concentration toward NGC 1291 and tend to be redder the closer they are to the center, possibly indicating that they are associated with NGC 1291. The dwarf candidates presented in this paper appear to be bluer than those in denser environments, revealing that the quenching of star formation in dwarf galaxies is susceptible to the environment, while the morphology shaping is not.
Real-time Flare Prediction Based on Distinctions between Flaring and Non-flaring Active Region Spectra
Authors: Panos Brandon , Kleint Lucia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
With machine learning entering into the awareness of the heliophysics community, solar flare prediction has become a topic of increased interest. Although machine-learning models have advanced with each successive publication, the input data has remained largely fixed on magnetic features. Despite this increased model complexity, results seem to indicate that photospheric magnetic field data alone may not be a wholly sufficient source of data for flare prediction. For the first time, we have extended the study of flare prediction to spectral data. In this work, we use Deep Neural Networks to monitor the changes of several features derived from the strong resonant Mg II h and k lines observed by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. The features in descending order of predictive capability are: the triplet emission at 2798.77 Å, line core intensity, total continuum emission between the h and k line cores, the k/h ratio, line width, followed by several other line features such as asymmetry and line center. Regions that are about to flare generate spectra that are distinguishable from non-flaring active region spectra. Our algorithm can correctly identify pre-flare spectra approximately 35 minutes before the start of the flare, with an AUC of 86% and an accuracy, precision, and recall of 80%. The accuracy and AUC monotonically increase to 90% and 97%, respectively, as we move closer in time to the start of the flare. Our study indicates that spectral data alone can lead to good predictive models and should be considered an additional source of information alongside photospheric magnetograms.
The Mysterious Location of Maryland on 2014 MU69 and the Reconfiguration of Its Bilobate Shape
Authors: Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Trowbridge Alexander J. , Bodewits Dennis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
2014 MU69 (named Arrokoth), targeted by New Horizons, has a unique bilobate shape. Research suggested that there is a large circular depression feature with a diameter of ∼7 km on the smaller lobe of this object. This feature, called Maryland, is surrounded by topographically high regions and faces perpendicular to the shortest axis of this object. Here, following the interpretation by earlier work that Maryland is formed by an impact, we investigate how the Maryland impact affects the structure of a neck of this object. We find that to avoid a structural breakup driven by this impact, MU69 needs high cohesive strength, at least tens of kilopascals depending on the bulk density. The cohesive strength at this level is much higher than that of other small bodies observed at high resolution, which is usually reported to be a few hundred pascals. It may be possible that MU69 actually has such a high cohesive strength, which may challenge the current knowledge about the cohesive strength of small bodies. Alternatively, we hypothesize a scenario that the Maryland impact actually broke the neck structure and made the shape settle into the current configuration. Considering this scenario, we obtain that the bulk density of MU69 should be between 300 and 500 kg m−3.
Smartphone Crowdsourcing and Data Sharing Towards Advancing User Experience and Mobile Services
Authors: Alepis Efthymios , Kontogianni Aristea 
Published: February 2020

Recent advances in IT have offered people the opportunity to have powerful ultramobile devices in their pockets incorporating a plethora of capabilities which, in most cases, require Internet connectivity. This constant need for Internet access though, especially when a wireless hotspot is unavailable requires connection via network data. The fixed cellular data packages offered by carriers usually do not come for free and to a large extend cannot be adapted to the dynamic needs of users who sometimes need more than they own, while in other cases under-use their network data. This issue, in combination with the fact that signal quality in many areas is not even fair for one or more carriers has led to the development of a novel android application that aims at allowing users in general and tourists to “foresee” bad signal coverage at places of their interest, as well as to share their cellular data via mobile tethering.
Unparalleled Rapid Evolution of KIR Genes in Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaque Populations
Authors: Bruijnesteijn Jesse , de Groot Nanine , van der Wiel Marit K. H. , Otting Nel , de Vos-Rouweler Annemiek J. M. , de Groot Natasja G. , Bontrop Ronald E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) modulate immune responses through interactions with MHC class I molecules. The KIR region in large cohorts of rhesus and cynomolgus macaque populations were characterized, and the experimental design enabled the definition of a considerable number of alleles (n = 576) and haplotypes, which are highly variable with regard to architecture. Although high levels of polymorphism were recorded, only a few alleles are shared between species and populations. The rapid evolution of allelic polymorphism, accumulated by point mutations, was further confirmed by the emergence of a novel KIR allele in a rhesus macaque family. In addition to allelic variation, abundant orthologous and species-specific KIR genes were identified, the latter of which are frequently generated by fusion events. The concerted action of both genetic mechanisms, in combination with differential selective pressures at the population level, resulted in the unparalleled rapid evolution of the KIR gene region in two closely related macaque species. The variation of the KIR gene repertoire at the species and population level might have an impact on the outcome of preclinical studies with macaque models.