bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Angel to the Shekhina: The Influence of Kabbalah on the Late Work of R. B. Kitaj
Authors: Knotter Mirjam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

After a lifelong career as a central figure in the London art scene, the American-Jewish artist R. B. Kitaj (1932–2007) left England in 1997 for Los Angeles to be “in exile,” as he named it, following a series of tragic events that he believed had caused the sudden death of his beloved wife and muse, artist Sandra Fisher (1947–1994). In Los Angeles, he continued the mission he had assigned himself long before: to create a meaningful, new Jewish art. For Kitaj, Jewish art was a “Diasporist” art—that is, a modernist, universal art whose core lies in the experience of the artist living and working in multiple societies simultaneously, and a response to being Heimatlos (“homeless”). He formulated his thoughts in two manifestos (1988/1989 and 2007), which were followed in 2017 by his posthumously published autobiography, Confessions of an Old Jewish Painter. Around 2003, Kitaj’s perception of Sandra Fisher attained a more mystical level: in addition to angelic qualities, he began to assign divine qualities to her as the personification of the Shekhina, the feminine aspect of God, to whom he could cleave as a mystic through his art while painting his Los Angeles series. In his final years, his personal devotion focused entirely on his reunion with Sandra. In this, mystical ideas about the Shekhina offered Kitaj a vehicle for his thought and art as well as a means of transition from earthly existence to death.
Submesoscale Fronts and Their Dynamical Processes Associated with Symmetric Instability in the Northwest Pacific Subtropical Ocean
Authors: Jing Zhiyou , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Cao Haijin , Zheng Ruixi , Du Yan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSubmesoscale density fronts and the associated processes of frontogenesis and symmetric instability (SI) are investigated in the northwest Pacific subtropical countercurrent (STCC) system by a high-resolution simulation and diagnostic analysis. Both satellite observations and realistic simulation show active surface fronts with a horizontal scale of ~20 km in the STCC upper ocean. Frontogenesis-induced buoyancy advection is detected to rapidly sharpen these density fronts. The direct straining effect of larger-scale geostrophic flows is a primary influence on the buoyancy-gradient frontogenetic tendency and frontal baroclinic potential vorticity (PV) enhancement. The enhanced lateral buoyancy gradients in conjunction with atmospheric forced surface buoyancy loss can produce a negative Ertel PV and trigger frontal SI in the STCC region. Up to 30% of the mixed layer (ML) inside a typical eddy has negative PV in the high-resolution simulation. As a result, the cross-front ageostrophic secondary circulations tend to restratify the surface boundary layer and induce a large vertical velocity reaching ~100 m day−1, substantially facilitating the vertical communication of the STCC system. At the same time, the SI is identified to be responsible for a forward cascade of geostrophic kinetic energy in the STCC region, despite the coexistence of ML eddies and SI in the deep winter ML. Therefore, these active density fronts and their SI-associated submesoscale processes play important roles in the enhanced vertical exchanges (e.g., heat, nutrients, and carbon) and energy transfer to smaller scales in the eddy-active STCC upper ocean, as well as triggering phytoplankton blooms at the periphery of eddies.
MicroRNA-340 is involved in ultraviolet B-induced pigmentation by regulating the MITF/TYRP1 axis
Authors: Yang Yi , Wei Xuanjin , Bai Jia , Huang Min , Hao Tian , Hao Yonghong , Wang Yilin , Li Chengxin 
Published: November 2020

Objective There is growing evidence that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation can change the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in immortalized human epidermal melanocytes (Pig-1). We aimed to investigate the effect of miR-340 on regulating UVB-induced pigmentation. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of miR-340 in Pig-1 cells. Immunoblotting analysis, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the potential target of miR-340. The sodium hydroxide dissolution assay was used to assess the effect of miR-340 on changes in melanin content. Results Expression of miR-340 was reduced in human Pig-1 cells after UVB irradiation. We found a negative correlation between miR-340 and melanocyte inducing transcription factor (MITF) in Pig-1 cells after UVB irradiation. Knockdown and overexpression of MITF in Pig-1 cells down- and upregulated melanogenesis, respectively. Overexpression of miR-340 inhibited MITF expression, reduced the amount of melanin, and suppressed expression of multiple key molecules involved in the pigment synthesis pathway, whereas knockdown of miR-340 showed the opposite results. Conclusions Our results showed that miR-340 inhibited melanogenesis by regulating the downstream molecules of MITF and its signaling pathways, suggested that miRNA-340 may be a new target for the clinical treatment of UVB-induced pigmentation.
Key considerations for finite element modelling of the residuum–prosthetic socket interface
Authors: Steer Joshua W , Worsley Peter R , Browne Martin , Dickinson Alex 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Finite element modelling has long been proposed to support prosthetic socket design. However, there is minimal detail in the literature to inform practice in developing and interpreting these complex, highly nonlinear models.

Objectives:
To identify best practice recommendations for finite element modelling of lower limb prosthetics, considering key modelling approaches and inputs.

Study design:
Computational modelling.

Methods:
This study developed a parametric finite element model using magnetic resonance imaging data from a person with transtibial amputation. Comparative analyses were performed considering socket loading methods, socket–residuum interface parameters and soft tissue material models from the literature, to quantify their effect on the residuum’s biomechanical response to a range of parameterised socket designs.

Results:
These variables had a marked impact on the finite element model’s predictions for limb–socket interface pressure and soft tissue shear distribution.

Conclusions:
All modelling decisions should be justified biomechanically and clinically. In order to represent the prosthetic loading scenario in silico, researchers should (1) consider the effects of donning and interface friction to capture the generated soft tissue shear stresses, (2) use representative stiffness hyperelastic material models for soft tissues when using strain to predict injury and (3) interrogate models comparatively, against a clinically-used control.
Damage index for antiphospholipid syndrome during long term follow-up: Correlation between organ damage accrual and quality of life
Authors: Medina Gabriela , Cimé Aké Erik Antonio , Vera-Lastra Olga , Saavedra Miguel Ángel , Cruz-Domínguez María del Pilar , Amigo Mary-Carmen , Jara Luis J 
Published: November 2020

Background Consequences of organ damage in primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) are diverse, our aim was to determine organ damage over time and the correlation of organ damage accrual with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in PAPS. Methods First phase: retrospective cohort applying Damage Index for Antiphospholipid Syndrome (DIAPS) at 1, 5, 10, 20 years, or longer since diagnosis. Second phase: cross-sectional study, assessing HRQoL by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36), and organ damage accrual. Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Results Sixty-seven patients were included, mean follow-up:15 years. Deep vein thrombosis prevailed (71.6%), pulmonary embolism (35.8%) and stroke (32.8%). Organ damage was found in 98.5%, with a cumulative DIAPS value of 3, with greater involvement in the neuropsychiatric and peripheral vascular domains. Regarding HRQoL, deterioration in the physical component summary (PCS) was found in 89.6%. Organ damage accrual correlated inversely and significantly with all the SF-36 domains, mainly with the total score and PCS. Body pain and PCS correlated the most (rho = −0.503, rho = −0.475). Conclusions Organ damage accrual impaired HRQoL in PAPS. Secondary thromboprophylxis through adequate systemic management and control of cardiovascular risk factors are necessary to prevent further impairment.
Development and validation of lupus nephritis case definitions using United States veterans affairs electronic health records
Authors: Li Tingting , Lee Iris , Jayakumar Divya , Huang Xinliang , Xie Yan , Eisen Seth , Ranganathan Prabha 
Published: November 2020

Objective International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes are commonly used to identify patients with rare diseases in electronic health records (EHRs). However, misclassification is common, impacting the validity of study results. In this study, we compared the accuracies of several ICD-based case definitions of lupus nephritis (LN) in identifying United States veterans with LN. Methods Using the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) EHR, we identified all veterans with ≥1 ICD-9 or 10 diagnostic codes for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) between October 1, 1999 and September 30, 2017. A cohort was randomly selected for diagnostic validation and 9 ICD-based LN case definitions were applied to this cohort. The diagnostic accuracy of each definition was assessed against gold standard criterion of biopsy-proven LN. Results 18,420 veterans had ≥1 ICD-9 or 10 diagnostic codes for SLE; 981 were randomly selected for diagnostic validation. 95 veterans (9.7%) had biopsy-proven LN. The case definitions had high specificity and NPV but variable sensitivity and PPV. The definition containing ≥2 ICD -9 codes for SLE and ≥2 nephritis indicators had the highest combination of sensitivity and specificity (87.4% and 94.6% respectively). ICD-10 code for LN had high specificity (99.8%) and PPV (93.9%). Conclusion ICD-based case definitions of LN in the VA population have high specificity and NPV but variable sensitivity and PPV. Our results may help guide the design of future LN studies in VA cohorts. The choice of specific case definitions depends on the relative importance of different accuracy measures to individual studies.
The time course of psychotic symptom side effects of ketamine in the treatment of depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tashakkori Maryam , Ford Andrew , Dragovic Milan , Gabriel Laura , Waters Flavie 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Ketamine is a potential rapid-acting treatment for depression. Studies have suggested that the side effects are minimal and temporary, but the psychotic symptom side effects have yet to be fully examined. This study investigated whether ketamine infusion in the treatment of mood disorders is associated with increases in positive symptoms and whether these symptom effects endure over time. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of ketamine in the treatment of depression. Embase and Medline databases were searched for studies including (a) participants with major affective disorders, (b) 0.4 or 0.5 mg intravenously administered ketamine, (c) measurement of positive symptoms using BPRS+, and (d) a within-subject repeated-measures design with participants serving as their own baseline. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 458 participants. The meta-analyses examined symptom change occurring within the first 4 h, after 1 day, and after 3 days. Results showed significant BPRS+ increases within the first 30–60 min in 72% of studies, followed by a return to baseline levels. Conclusion: Peak symptom change occurred within the first hour post infusion. There are limited data to determine if ketamine is safe in the longer term, but there were no indications that psychotic symptoms re-occurred after the first hour and in the days following administration.
Graded superior oblique tendon suture lengthening: A novel procedure
Authors: Xia Weiyi , Wu Lianqun , Yao Jing , Wen Wen , Wang Xiying , Jiang Chao , Li Lei , Zhao Chen 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Literature regarding different superior oblique (SO) weakening procedures showed variable results. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of a novel superior oblique tendon suture lengthening (SOSL) procedure on weakening of SO in patients with A-pattern exotropia associated with dissociated vertical deviation and SO overaction (triad exotropia). Methods: The medical records of triad exotropia patients who underwent SOSL or SO tenotomy were reviewed. Surgical results of SOSL procedure mainly regarding the correction of A pattern, SO overaction, and fundus intorsion were analyzed and compared with those of SO tenotomy procedure. Results: SOSL demonstrated comparable efficacy in correction of A pattern (20.2△ ± 10.7△ vs 29.2△ ± 16.1△, p = 0.172), normalization of SO overaction (1.9 ± 0.9 vs 2.4 ± 1.5, p = 0.349), and conversion of fundus intorsion (11.1° ± 7.0° vs 11.3° ± 4.4°, p = 0.691) as SO tenotomy. Moreover, the success rate of A pattern collapse was significantly higher in the SOSL group than in the SO tenotomy group (86% vs 40%, p = 0.028). None of the patients in the SOSL group, but two in the SO tenotomy group, presented SO palsy postoperatively. In the SOSL group, the corrected magnitude of SO overaction strongly correlated with the dosage of suture lengthening ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: SOSL procedure could effectively eliminate the clinical manifestations associated with SO overaction. The graded dosage of SOSL leads to more controllable and predictable results compared to SO tenotomy, which makes SOSL a good alternative choice for SO weakening.
Gliptin-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: Canadian Case Series of 10 Patients
Authors: Armanious Miriam , AbuHilal Mohn’d 
Published: November 2020

Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a chronic immune-mediated vesiculobullous disorder. Recently, several reports have described dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, also known as gliptins, as causative agents for drug-induced BP. Objective To report and describe clinical and histologic characteristics of 10 cases of gliptin-induced BP. Results We identified 10 patients with gliptin-induced BP. Nine were secondary to linagliptin, and 1 case was attributed to sitagliptin. All patients showed significant improvement after withdrawal of gliptin medications and proper medical treatment. There has been no evidence of relapse after 4 months of follow-up. Conclusion This report supports the proposed association between gliptins and BP. Physicians should be aware of this potential adverse effect, as gliptin-induced BP can be reversible once identified and the responsible medication is stopped. Early withdrawal of the offending drug and proper treatment can lead to rapid improvement and reduced morbidity.
European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management: Single‐capsule bismuth quadruple therapy is effective in real‐world clinical practice
Authors: Nyssen Olga P. , Perez‐Aisa Angeles , Castro‐Fernandez Manuel , Pellicano Rinaldo , Huguet Jose M. , Rodrigo Luis , Ortuñ Juan , o  , Gomez‐Rodriguez Blas J. , Pinto Ricardo M. , Areia Miguel , Perona Monica , Nuñez Oscar , Romano Marco , Gravina Antonietta G. , Pozzati Liliana , Fernandez‐Bermejo Miguel , Venerito Marino , Malfertheiner Peter , Fernanadez‐Salazar Luis , Gasbarrini Antonio , Vaira Dino , Puig Ignasi , Megraud Francis , O'Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P. ,   The Hp‐EuReg investigators
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere has been resurgence in the use of bismuth quadruple therapy (proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, tetracycline and metronidazole) for treating Helicobacter pylori infection thanks to a three‐in‐one single‐capsule formulation.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the single‐capsule bismuth quadruple therapy.MethodsData were collected in a multicentre, prospective registry of the clinical practice of gastroenterologists on the management of H. pylori infection, where patients were registered at the Asociación Española de Gastroenterologia REDCap database on an electronic case report form until January 2020. Effectiveness by modified intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol as well as multivariable analysis were performed. Independent factors evaluated were: age, gender, indication, compliance, proton pump inhibitor dose and treatment line.ResultsFinally, 2100 patients were prescribed single‐capsule bismuth quadruple therapy following the technical sheet (i.e., three capsules every 6 h for 10 days). The majority of these patients were naive (64%), with an average age of 50 years, 64% women and 16% with peptic ulcer. An overall modified intention‐to‐treat effectiveness of 92% was achieved. Eradication was over 90% in first‐line treatment (95% modified intention‐to‐treat, n = 1166), and this was maintained as a rescue therapy, both in second (89% modified intention‐to‐treat, n = 375) and subsequent lines of therapy (third to sixth line: 92% modified intention‐to‐treat, n = 236). Compliance was the factor most closely associated with treatment effectiveness. Adverse events were generally mild to moderate, and 3% of patients reported a severe adverse event, leading to discontinuation of treatment in 1.7% of cases.ConclusionsSingle‐capsule bismuth quadruple therapy achieved H. pylori eradication in approximately 90% of patients in real‐world clinical practice, both as a first‐line and rescue treatment, with good compliance and a favourable safety profile.
IL-18 mediates sickle cell cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Gupta Akash , Fei Yu-Dong , Kim Tae Yun , Xie An , Batai Ken , Greener Ian , Tang Haiyang , Ciftci-Yilmaz Sultan , Juneman Elizabeth , Indik Julia H. , Shi Guanbin , Christensen Jared , Gupta Geetanjali , Hillery Cheryl , Kansal Mayank M. , Parikh Devang S. , Zhou Tong , Yuan Jason X.-J. , Kanthi Yogendra , Bronk Peter , Koren Gideon , Kittles Rick , Duarte Julio D. , Garcia Joe G. N. , Machado Roberto F. , Dudley Samuel C. , Choi Bum-Rak , Desai Ankit A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPrevious reports indicate that IL18 is a novel candidate gene for diastolic dysfunction in sickle cell disease (SCD)–related cardiomyopathy. We hypothesize that interleukin-18 (IL-18) mediates the development of cardiomyopathy and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in SCD. Compared with control mice, a humanized mouse model of SCD exhibited increased cardiac fibrosis, prolonged duration of action potential, higher VT inducibility in vivo, higher cardiac NF-κB phosphorylation, and higher circulating IL-18 levels, as well as reduced voltage-gated potassium channel expression, which translates to reduced transient outward potassium current (Ito) in isolated cardiomyocytes. Administering IL-18 to isolated mouse hearts resulted in VT originating from the right ventricle and further reduced Ito in SCD mouse cardiomyocytes. Sustained IL-18 inhibition via IL-18–binding protein resulted in decreased cardiac fibrosis and NF-κB phosphorylation, improved diastolic function, normalized electrical remodeling, and attenuated IL-18–mediated VT in SCD mice. Patients with SCD and either myocardial fibrosis or increased QTc displayed greater IL18 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and QTc was strongly correlated with plasma IL-18 levels. PBMC-derived IL18 gene expression was increased in patients who did not survive compared with those who did. IL-18 is a mediator of sickle cell cardiomyopathy and VT in mice and a novel therapeutic target in patients at risk for sudden death.
Avian Immunome DB: an example of a user-friendly interface for extracting genetic information
Authors: Mueller Ralf C. , Mallig Nicolai , Smith Jacqueline , Eöry Lél , Kuo Richard I. , Kraus Robert H. S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Genomic and genetic studies often require a target list of genes before conducting any hypothesis testing or experimental verification. With the ever-growing number of sequenced genomes and a variety of different annotation strategies, comes the potential for ambiguous gene symbols, making it cumbersome to capture the “correct” set of genes. In this article, we present and describe the Avian Immunome DB (Avimm) for easy gene property extraction as exemplified by avian immune genes. The avian immune system is characterised by a cascade of complex biological processes underlaid by more than 1000 different genes. It is a vital trait to study particularly in birds considering that they are a significant driver in spreading zoonotic diseases. With the completion of phase II of the B10K (“Bird 10,000 Genomes”) consortium’s whole-genome sequencing effort, we have included 363 annotated bird genomes in addition to other publicly available bird genome data which serve as a valuable foundation for Avimm.

Construction and content
A relational database with avian immune gene evidence from Gene Ontology, Ensembl, UniProt and the B10K consortium has been designed and set up. The foundation stone or the “seed” for the initial set of avian immune genes is based on the well-studied model organism chicken (Gallus gallus). Gene annotations, different transcript isoforms, nucleotide sequences and protein information, including amino acid sequences, are included. Ambiguous gene names (symbols) are resolved within the database and linked to their canonical gene symbol. Avimm is supplemented by a command-line interface and a web front-end to query the database.

Utility and discussion
The internal mapping of unique gene symbol identifiers to canonical gene symbols allows for an ambiguous gene property search. The database is organised within core and feature tables, which makes it straightforward to extend for future purposes. The database design is ready to be applied to other taxa or biological processes. Currently, the database contains 1170 distinct avian immune genes with canonical gene symbols and 612 synonyms across 363 bird species. While the command-line interface readily integrates into bioinformatics pipelines, the intuitive web front-end with download functionality offers sophisticated search functionalities and tracks the origin for each record. Avimm is publicly accessible at https://avimm.ab.mpg.de.
SCELLECTOR: ranking amplification bias in single cells using shallow sequencing
Authors: Sarangi Vivekananda , Jourdon Alexandre , Bae Taejeong , Panda Arijit , Vaccarino Flora , Abyzov Alexej 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The study of mosaic mutation is important since it has been linked to cancer and various disorders. Single cell sequencing has become a powerful tool to study the genome of individual cells for the detection of mosaic mutations. The amount of DNA in a single cell needs to be amplified before sequencing and multiple displacement amplification (MDA) is widely used owing to its low error rate and long fragment length of amplified DNA.
However, the phi29 polymerase used in MDA is sensitive to template fragmentation and presence of sites with DNA damage that can lead to biases such as allelic imbalance, uneven coverage and over representation of C to T mutations. It is therefore important to select cells with uniform amplification to decrease false positives and increase sensitivity for mosaic mutation detection.

Results
We propose a method, Scellector (single cell selector), which uses haplotype information to detect amplification quality in shallow coverage sequencing data. We tested Scellector on single human neuronal cells, obtained in vitro and amplified by MDA. Qualities were estimated from shallow sequencing with coverage as low as 0.3× per cell and then confirmed using 30× deep coverage sequencing. The high concordance between shallow and high coverage data validated the method.

Conclusion
Scellector can potentially be used to rank amplifications obtained from single cell platforms relying on a MDA-like amplification step, such as Chromium Single Cell profiling solution.