bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial signal amplitude predicts atrial high‐rate episodes in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients: Insights from a large database of remote monitoring transmissions
Authors: Zecchin Massimo , Solimene Francesco , D'Onofrio Antonio , Zanotto Gabriele , Iacopino Saverio , Pignalberi Carlo , Calvi Valeria , Maglia Giampiero , Della Bella Paolo , Quartieri Fabio , Curnis Antonio , Biffi Mauro , Capucci Alessandro , Caravati Fabrizio , Senatore Gaetano , Santamaria Matteo , Lissoni Fabio , Manzo Michele , Marini Massimiliano , Giammaria Massimo , Rapacciuolo Antonio , Sinagra Gianfranco , Giacopelli Daniele , Gargaro Alessio , Pisanò Ennio C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundParameters measured during implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implant also depend on bioelectrical properties of the myocardium. We aimed to explore their potential association with clinical outcomes in patients with single/dual‐chamber ICD and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT‐D).MethodsIn the framework of the Home Monitoring Expert Alliance, baseline electrical parameters for all implanted leads were compared by the occurrence of all‐cause mortality, adjudicated ventricular arrhythmia (VA), and atrial high‐rate episode lasting ≥24 hours (24 h AHRE).ResultsIn a cohort of 2976 patients (58.1% ICD) with a median follow‐up of 25 months, event rates were 3.1/100 patient‐years for all‐cause mortality, 18.1/100 patient‐years for VA, and 9.3/100 patient‐years for 24 h AHRE. At univariate analysis, baseline shock impedance was consistently lower in groups with events than without, with a 40 Ω cutoff that better identified high‐risk patients. However, at multivariable analysis, the adjusted‐hazard ratios (HRs) lost statistical significance for any endpoint. Baseline atrial sensing amplitude during sinus rhythm was lower in patients with 24 h AHRE than in those without (2.45 [IQR: 1.65‐3.85] vs 3.51 [IQR: 2.37‐4.67] mV, P < .01). The adjusted HR for 24 h AHRE in patients with atrial sensing >1.5 mV vs those with values ≤1.5 mV was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33‐0.83), P = .006.ConclusionsAlthough lower baseline shock impedance was observed in patients with events, the association lost statistical significance at multivariable analysis. Conversely, low sinus rhythm atrial sensing (≤1.5 mV) measured with standard transvenous leads could identify subjects at high risk of atrial arrhythmia.
Patients’ perceptions regarding pharmacists’ healthcare services: the case of Lebanon
Authors: Tawil Samah , Sacre Hala , Sili Georges , Salameh Pascale 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCommunity pharmacists are involved in a variety of important patient‐oriented activities. Patients generally agree that their interaction with pharmacists improves health outcomes. In Lebanon, patients’ perceptions regarding the role of community pharmacists remain largely unknown.AimThis study assessed participants’ perceptions of services provided in community pharmacies compared with those provided in primary healthcare centres (dispensaries).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from June until November 2017. In all, 1070 participants completed a self‐administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were calculated using mean and standard deviation for continuous measures, counts and percentages for categorical variables.ResultsAlthough 85% of participants thought that community pharmacists were responsible for their health security and medication safety, 30% believed that the only role of community pharmacists was to dispense medications and only 33.4% found the services provided by dispensaries trustworthy. Most (65%) participants agreed that the personnel working at the dispensaries do not have appropriate qualifications. When asked about the quality of medications, 68% of respondents trusted the quality of drugs available in community pharmacies, compared with 34.4% for drugs from dispensaries.ConclusionsThe results show an acceptable level of satisfaction regarding healthcare services provided in community pharmacies from patients’ perspectives compared with services offered by primary healthcare centres. Community pharmacists should interact more with patients and guide them to appropriate medication use, whereas dispensaries should abide by the existing laws and employ a pharmacist to supervise the dispensing of medications.
Assessment of textbook oncologic outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sweigert Patrick J. , Eguia Emanuel , Baker Marshall S. , Paredes Anghela Z. , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Dillhoff Mary , Ejaz Aslam , Cloyd Jordan , Tsung Allan , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundComposite outcomes may more accurately reflect patient and provider expectations around optimal care. We sought to determine the impact of achieving a so‐called “textbook oncologic outcome” (TOO) among patients undergoing resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsPatients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC between 2006 and 2016 were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). TOO was defined by: margin negative resection, compliant lymph node evaluation, no prolonged length‐of‐stay, no 30‐day readmission/mortality, and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy. Factors associated with TOO and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using multivariable logistic and Cox regression models, respectively.ResultsAmong 18 608 patients who underwent PD at 782 hospitals, many patients successfully achieved certain TOO factors such as R0 margin (77.9%) and no 30‐day mortality (96.9%), while other TOO criteria such as receipt of adjuvant therapy (48.2%) were achieved less frequently. Overall, only 3124 (16.8%) patients achieved a TOO. Factors associated with lower odds of TOO included: older age, Black race, Medicaid insurance, Community facility, and low PD facility (<20 PD/y) (all P < .05). Achievement of a TOO was associated with lower risk of mortality (HR 0.74; 95% CI, 0.70‐0.77).ConclusionsWhile TOO was associated with improved long‐term survival, TOO was only achieved in 16.8% of patients undergoing PD.
Will Lynx Lose Their Edge? Canada Lynx Occupancy in Washington
Authors: King Travis W. , Vynne Carly , Miller David , Fisher Scott , Fitkin Scott , Rohrer John , Ransom Jason I. , Thornton Daniel 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTPopulations of species located at southern range edges may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change as warming temperatures and subsequent changes to ecosystems exceed species‐specific tolerances. One such species is Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), a cold‐adapted mesocarnivore that maintains a large core population in Alaska, USA, and Canada but exists within several peripheral populations in the contiguous United States. Increases in temperature, declines in snow pack, and climate‐influenced increases in fire frequency and intensity, could negatively affect lynx populations, threatening their long‐term persistence in the continental United States. Despite these threats, our understanding of broad‐scale effects on lynx occupancy and the extent of current lynx distribution in many of these peripheral populations is minimal. We conducted an occupancy survey of lynx in Washington, USA, using a spatially extensive camera‐trapping array covering 7,000 km2 of potential lynx habitat. We used the resulting database of detection data to develop single‐season occupancy models to examine the abiotic and biotic effects on current lynx occupancy and predict future lynx distribution based on climate change forecasts. Our results show lynx occupancy across the Washington landscape is restricted and dictated largely by abiotic factors, disturbance regimes, and distance from source populations in Canada. Predictions of future distribution suggest lynx will be increasingly challenged by climatic changes, particularly at the southern and lower elevation portions of their range in Washington. Our results paint an alarming picture for lynx persistence in Washington that is relevant to current deliberations regarding lynx delisting from the Endangered Species Act. Our simple camera design was a highly effective method for surveying lynx across broad spatial scales, and could be a key monitoring tool for lynx that is easy to implement by researchers and government agencies. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins of Pediatric Patients Increase in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia but Decrease in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Bal Topçu Dilara , Tugcu Gokcen , Ozcan Filiz , Aslan Mutay , Yalcinkaya Ahmet , Polat Sanem Eryilmaz , Hizal Mina , Yalcin Ebru Elmas , Ersoz Deniz Dogru , Ozcelik Ugur , Kiper Nural , Lay Incilay , Oztas Yesim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe investigated plasma sphingomyelin (CerPCho) and ceramide (Cer) levels in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Plasma samples were obtained from CF (n = 19) and PCD (n = 7) patients at exacerbation, discharge, and stable periods. Healthy children (n = 17) of similar age served as control. Levels of 16–24 CerPCho and 16–24 Cer were measured by LC–MS/MS. Concentrations of all CerPCho and Cer species measured at exacerbation were significantly lower in patients with CF than PCD. 16, 18, 24 CerPCho, and 22, 24 Cer in exacerbation; 18, 24 CerPCho, and 18, 20, 22, 24 Cer at discharge; 18, 24 CerPCho and 24 Cer at stable period were significantly lower in CF patients than healthy children (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). All CerPCho and Cer levels of PCD patients were significantly higher except 24 CerPCho and 24 Cer during exacerbation, 24 CerPCho at discharge, and 18, 22 CerPCho levels at stable period (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05) compared with healthy children. There was no significant difference among exacerbation, discharge, and stable periods in each group for Cer and CerPCho levels. This is the first study measuring plasma Cer and CerPCho levels in PCD and third study in CF patients. The dramatic difference in plasma levels of most CerPCho and Cer species found between two diseases suggest that cilia pathology in PCD and CFTR mutation in CF seem to alter sphingolipid metabolism possibly in opposite directions.
Adaptive feeding in the American oyster Crassostrea virginica: Complex impacts of pulsatile flow during pseudofecal ejection events
Authors: Wang Linlin , Song Junting , Bi Hongsheng , Gray Matthew , Fan Chunlei , Liu Ming , Mao Xian‐Zhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdaptive feeding is a strategy used by many organisms to maintain growth and reproduction success while encountering varying feeding conditions. Oysters are sessile benthic and non‐siphon filter feeders. Oysters are well adapted to modify the ambient microenvironment through their pumping behavior and particle selection activity. Rejection of unsuitable food particulates bound in pseudofeces via ejection events are an integral part of oyster feeding during which oysters produced strong flow opposite to their inhalant feeding flow. The strong opposite pulsatile flow during the ejection event inevitably disrupts the oyster's normal feeding cycle, but how oysters restart their feeding and allocate their energy consumption during an ejection event has not been investigated. The present study used particle image velocimetry (PIV) to examine the impact of ejection events on the feeding of the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The strong pulsatile flow resulting from pseudofecal ejection altered the external flow fields by moving water away from the shell. The initial feeding zone after pseudofecal ejection was relatively narrow, possessed a low pulsatile flow, and did not exploit the full flow field. The feeding zone gradually expanded as the pulsatile flow weakened. The strong shear rate at the stable feeding zone then sustained the feeding flow that facilitated oyster feeding. Furthermore, the volumetric fluxes often increased after the ejection event, suggesting increase in feeding efficiency after ejection events. These PIV studies provide new insight on the interactions between feeding oysters and the surrounding physical environment at small yet ecologically relevant scales.
All‐Photonic Miniature Perovskite Encoder with a Terahertz Bandwidth
Authors: Zhong Yichi , Tang Bing , Fei Meng , Jie Qi , Tan Jiqing , Wang Qiangqiang , Liang Shuang , Du Junjie , Zhang Long , Dong Hongxing , Xie Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPerovskites—energy‐conversion materials with light‐absorbing and electronic transport properties—have shown excellent features for developing photovoltaic devices and novel light sources. It is an open challenge to extend the application of perovskites, such as to the field of ultrafast information coding. This work demonstrates a terahertz coding of optical polarization degree based on a metal halide perovskite nanostructure. Sub‐micrometer spheres of all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite are fabricated with high quality and stability. By employing this perovskite nanostructure, the ultrafast coding of degree of linear polarization (DLP) is achieved with a tunable bandwidth of up to 0.1 THz. Moreover, the DLP coding can be combined with the coding of another parameter, i.e., the shape of the lasing pulse, which improves the high‐bandwidth encoder from binary to ternary. The all‐photonic miniature encoder generates multiple‐parameter THz code sequences, stimulating the development of perovskite‐based microdevices for ultrafast information processing.
Summary of second annual MCBK public meeting: Mobilizing Computable Biomedical Knowledge—A movement to accelerate translation of knowledge into action
Authors: Richesson Rachel L. , Bray Bruce E. , Dymek Christine , Greenes Robert A. , McIntosh Leslie D. , Middleton Blackford , Perry Gerald , Platt Jodyn , Shaffer Christopher 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe volume of biomedical knowledge is growing exponentially and much of this knowledge is represented in computer executable formats, such as models, algorithms and programmatic code. There is a growing need to apply this knowledge to improve health in Learning Health Systems, health delivery organizations, and other settings. However, most organizations do not yet have the infrastructure required to consume and apply computable knowledge, and national policies and standards adoption are not sufficient to ensure that it is discoverable and used safely and fairly, nor is there widespread experience in the process of knowledge implementation as clinical decision support. The Mobilizing Computable Biomedical Knowledge (MCBK) community formed in 2016 to address these needs. This report summarizes the main outputs of the Second Annual MCBK public meeting, which was held at the National Institutes of Health on July 18‐19, 2019 and brought together over 150 participants from various domains to frame and address important dimensions for mobilizing CBK.
Accurate Targeting and Controllable Release of Hybrid Liposome Containing a Stretchable Copolymer
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Lei Bin , Sun Minjia , Han Xia , Xu Shouhong , Liu Honglai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeveloping an intelligent drug delivery/release system, which can transport drugs to the target tissues precisely and release drugs timely, is an important challenge in chemotherapy. A multistage sensitive drug delivery system is designed by inserting a folate (FA) modified lipid and a pH/temperature dual‐sensitive amphiphilic copolymer into a liposome bilayer. The stretchable copolymer plays a role in protection on FA ligand for more accurate targeting. Then, the stretch ability of the copolymer in the liposome bilayer is verified by using the Langmuir–Blodgett film technique. The interaction between the 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycerol‐3‐phosphocholine (DPPC) monolayer and hybrid liposomes is found to increase, indicating the FA ligand is exposed due to the copolymer shrinking with increasing temperature. Fluorescence polarization measurements demonstrate that the insertion of the copolymer improves the stability of the liposome and offers pH‐controllability for drug release. As a result, the drug leakage of the hybrid liposome is restrained significantly at pH 7.4, while at an acidic pH, the drug release is accelerated. The designed pH/temperature dual‐sensitive copolymer is expected to provide more precise targeting and environmentally controlled drug release to drug delivery systems based on liposomes.
Nanopatterned Polymer Surface Modulates Twist Polymorphism in a Single Amyloid Fibril
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Tian Mengting , Shen Lei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe periodic twist behaviors of amyloid fibrils initiated and formed on block copolymer films with nanoscale features are studied. The discovery of twist variations even in a single amyloid fibril is reported: the fibril can vary its twist extents in response to the underlying nanopatterned surfaces by keeping its neighboring crossover sections right above the periodic nanodomains and tuning the distance between neighboring crossover sections based on either the periodic nanodomain distance or the fibril contour direction. This nanopattern‐induced twist polymorphism arises from the fibril's two edges, exhibiting different hydrophobic interactions with the periodic nanodomains, as demonstrated by simulation studies. This work contributes to the understanding of surface effects on twist polymorphism in amyloid fibril structures that may be important to fibril polymorphism in amyloid pathologies and bioapplications of amyloid fibrils.
CtBP1 transactivates RAD51 and confers cisplatin resistance to breast cancer cells
Authors: Deng Yu , Guo Wanjun , Xu Ning , Li Fulun , Li Jian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOverexpression of RAD51 is found in many cancers including breast cancer and is associated with poor survival. Compared with normal cells, RAD51 promoter is hyperactive in cancer cells indicating that RAD51 is transcriptionally activated. However, little is known about the mechanisms and factors involved in RAD51 transcription regulation. Transcription corepressor, C‐terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1), is an oncogene repressing a panel of tumor suppressors transcription, which contributes to cancer progression. In this study, immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that RAD51 expression was positively correlated with CtBP1 expression in breast cancer patient tissues; short hairpin RNA‐mediated CtBP1 depletion, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and dual‐luciferase reporter assays showed that CtBP1 activated RAD51 transcription in breast cancer cells. Depletion of CtBP1 increased breast cancer cells' sensitivity to cisplatin and, in turn, expression of exogenous RAD51 in the CtBP1‐depleted breast cancer cells increased resistance to cisplatin. The results demonstrated that CtBP1 conferred breast cancer cells resistance to cisplatin through transcriptional activation of RAD51.
Current view and prospect: Implantable pressure sensors for health and surgical care
Authors: Honjol Yazan , Rajkumar Vijidha Shree , Parent‐Harvey Caroline , Selvasandran Kaviyanka , Kordlouie Sarah , Comeau‐Gauthier Marianne , Harvey Edward , Merle Geraldine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHealth monitoring and screening have entered a period of rapid change. Popular terminology refers to this as mobile health (mHealth), which is a direct evolution of eHealth, but is really data‐driven technology—sensors oriented for health care. Medical decision support through this technology is the first step towards more personalized and preventative medicine. Pressure is one of the easiest and most interesting physiological parameters to assess whether organs or biological systems are healthy in the body. Pressure recordings are commonly used for clinical diagnosis and monitoring; however, the invasiveness of current technologies and associated risks of infection limit the windows in which data can be gathered. This review discusses the importance of pressure in the body and how monitoring is performed. It also describes newer and commercially available sensors, as well as how they can be improved to become minimally invasive, fully wireless pressure sensors for continuous monitoring.
Recent advances with 5‐HT3 modulators for neuropsychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Juza Radomir , Vlcek Premysl , Mezeiova Eva , Musilek Kamil , Soukup Ondrej , Korabecny Jan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSerotonin (5‐hydroxytryptophan [5‐HT]) is a biologically active amine expressed in platelets, in gastrointestinal (GI) cells and, to a lesser extent, in the central nervous system (CNS). This biogenic compound acts through the activation of seven 5‐HT receptors (5‐HT1‐7Rs). The 5‐HT3R is a ligand‐gated ion channel belonging to the Cys‐loop receptor family. There is a wide variety of 5‐HT3R modulators, but only receptor antagonists (known as setrons) have been used clinically for chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting and irritable bowel syndrome treatment. However, since the discovery of the setrons in the mid‐1980s, a large number of studies have been published exploring new potential applications due their potency in the CNS and mild side effects. The results of these studies have revealed new potential applications, including the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and drug abuse. In this review, we provide information related to therapeutic potential of 5‐HT3R antagonists on GI and neuropsychiatric disorders. The major attention is paid to the structure, function, and pharmacology of novel 5‐HT3R modulators developed over the past 10 years.
Mutual coupling reduction in Chinese character‐shaped artistic MIMO antenna
Authors: Zhang Guolin , Chen Qiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a Chinese character‐shaped artistic multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with H‐shaped defect ground structure (HDGS) is designed and analyzed. The H‐shaped structures are loaded on the ground along the outer edge of patches to make it a part of the coupling current propagation direction. The two‐element MIMO antenna is placed on the substrate with a separation of only 0.024 λ0 (λ0 is the free‐space wavelength at 2.458 GHz). The designed MIMO antenna without HDGS has 10.4 and 7.2 dB higher isolation than E‐ and H‐plane rectangular array antennas. After loading HDGS, the isolation reaches 23.86 dB at 2.458 GHz, and the center frequency is not offset. The achieved bandwidth is within IEEE 802.11 at a 2.4‐GHz wireless local area network band. Meanwhile, the isolation is higher than 20 dB in the 10‐dB impedance bandwidth (2.447‐2.468 GHz). Moreover, the radiation pattern remained basically unchanged.
Frequency‐dependent dynamic behavior of a poroviscoelastic soil layer under cyclic loading
Authors: Chen Weiyun , Mou Yumin , Xu Lingyu , Wang Zhihua , Luo Junhui 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this study, a linear poroviscoelastic model based on the Biot theory is proposed to analyze the dynamic response of partially saturated soil. Both the flow‐dependent and flow‐independent poroviscoelastic behaviors are described in the proposed model. The compressibilities of both the constituents, including the skeleton material and porefluid, are considered, and the effective skeleton stress is determined using the linear viscoelasticity law based on the generalized spring‐dashpot model. The soil surface is subjected to two types of harmonic loading, namely, vertical compressive loading and lateral shear loading. The influences of the relaxation time, saturation degree, and soil permeability on the surface and interior dynamic responses of the soil layer are investigated. It is revealed that the amplification factor, effective stress, and pore pressure decrease as the viscous damping increases, indicating that neglecting the viscoelastic property of solid skeleton could overestimate the induced dynamic responses. Furthermore, in comparison with the viscous damping of the solid skeleton, the viscous coupling involving the viscous resisting forces between the solid skeleton and pore fluid has limited effect on the dynamic behavior of the soil layer.