bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dietary anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside binds to PPARs to regulate glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in mice
Authors: Jia Yaoyao , Wu Chunyan , Kim Young-Suk , Yang Seung Ok , Kim Yeonji , Kim Ji-Sun , Jeong Mi-Young , Lee Ji Hae , Kim Bobae , Lee Soyoung , Oh Hyun-Seok , Kim Jia , So Min-Young , Yoon Ye Eun , Thach Trung Thanh , Park Tai Hyun , Lee Sung-Joon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate the mechanism by which C3G, a major dietary anthocyanin, regulates energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Oral administration of C3G reduced hepatic and plasma triglyceride levels, adiposity, and improved glucose tolerance in mice fed high-fat diet. Hepatic metabolomic analysis revealed that C3G shifted metabolite profiles towards fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. C3G increased glucose uptake in HepG2 cells and C2C12 myotubes and induced the rate of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. C3G directly interacted with and activated PPARs, with the highest affinity for PPARα. The ability of C3G to reduce plasma and hepatic triglycerides, glucose tolerance, and adiposity and to induce oxygen consumption and energy expenditure was abrogated in PPARα-deficient mice, suggesting that PPARα is the major target for C3G. These findings demonstrate that the dietary anthocyanin C3G activates PPARs, a master regulators of energy metabolism. C3G is an agonistic ligand of PPARs and stimulates fuel preference to fat.
Symbiotic fouling of Vetulicola, an early Cambrian nektonic animal
Authors: Li Yujing , Williams Mark , Harvey Thomas H. P. , Wei Fan , Zhao Yang , Guo Jin , Gabbott Sarah , Fletcher Tom , Hou Xianguang , Cong Peiyun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHere, we report the earliest fossil record to our knowledge of surface fouling by aggregates of small vermiform, encrusting and annulated tubular organisms associated with a mobile, nektonic host, the enigmatic Cambrian animal Vetulicola. Our material is from the exceptionally preserved early Cambrian (Epoch 2, Age 3), Chengjiang biota of Yunnan Province, southwest China, a circa 518 million-year old marine deposit. Our data show that symbiotic fouling relationships between species formed a component of the diversification of animal-rich ecosystems near the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon, suggesting an early escalation of intimate ecologies as part of the Cambrian animal radiation.
Facteurs prédictifs d’une lecture labiale fonctionnelle chez les adultes candidats à l’implantation cochléaire
Authors: Dorance Olivia , Scavarda Catherine , Ambert-Dahan Emmanuèle , Borel Stéphanie , Sterkers Olivier , Mosnier Isabelle 
Published: September 2020

Objectif : L’objectif de cette étude était de rechercher les causes de variabilité dans les performances en lecture labiale chez les adultes
atteints de surdité évolutive, afin d’en dégager des facteurs prédictifs.
Méthodes : Les données de 232 patients présentant une surdité sévère à profonde ont été recueillies à partir des bilans orthophoniques
effectués dans le cadre de leurs bilans pré-implants. Les performances en lecture labiale ont été analysées en fonction du sexe, de l’âge,
du niveau d’études et de la durée de la surdité profonde.
Résultats : Les résultats montrent que les sujets plus âgés ont de moins bonnes performances en lecture labiale pour l’intégration
globale des informations verbales (mots dissyllabiques et phrases) mais pas pour la perception analytique. De plus, les femmes
obtiennent de meilleurs résultats aux tests de reconnaissance de phrases. Au total, l’analyse multivariée des facteurs prédictifs indique
un effet de l’âge sur l’acquisition d’une lecture labiale fonctionnelle, expliquant ainsi 6,7 % de la variance observée.
Conclusion : Cette étude confirme l’importante hétérogénéité des performances observée pour l’intégration visuelle de la parole avec
la lecture labiale chez les sujets adultes candidats à l’implantation cochléaire. L’ensemble de ces données confirme l’intérêt de futures
études portant sur l’évaluation des fonctions cognitives et exécutives telles que la mémoire, la flexibilité et l’attention impliquées dans
le développement de la lecture labiale.
Considering Insulin Secretory Capacity as Measured by a Fasting
C-Peptide/Glucose Ratio in Selecting Glucose-Lowering
Medications
Authors: Fritsche Andreas , Heni Martin , Peter Andreas , Gallwitz Baptist , Kellerer Monika , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Wagner Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease. Recently introduced new
subclassifications promise more efficacious, tailored treatments which could
complement current guidelines. In the differentiation of the new diabetes
subphenotypes, assessment of insulin secretion is one of the essential
components. Based on a large number of insulin secretion measurements, we
propose fasting C-peptide/glucose ratio (CGR) as an adequate and
practicable estimate of insulin secretion. CGR discriminates insulin deficiency
from insulin hypersecretion. We suggest using insulin secretion, determined from
CGR, as an essential input for therapeutic decisions at the beginning or
modification of diabetes treatment. Furthermore, we propose 3 practical steps to
guide decisions in the subtype-specific therapy of diabetes mellitus. The first
step consists of detecting insulin deficiency indicated by a low CGR with the
need for immediate insulin therapy. The second step is related to high CGR and
aims at lowering cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes. The third step is
the consideration of a de-escalation of glucose-lowering therapy in individuals
with mild diabetes subphenotypes.
Facial Blood Flow Responses to Dynamic Exercise
Authors: Hayashi Naoyuki , Kashima Hideaki , Ikemura Tsukasa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe reported previously that a static handgrip exercise evoked regional
differences in the facial blood flow. The present study examined whether
regional differences in facial blood flow are also evoked during dynamic
exercise. Facial blood flow was measured by laser speckle flowgraphy during
15 min of cycling exercise at heart rates of 120 bpm,
140 bpm and 160 bpm in 12 subjects. The facial vascular
conductance index was calculated from the blood flow and mean arterial pressure.
The regional blood flow and conductance index values were determined in the
forehead, eyelid, nose, cheek, ear and lip. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s
post-hoc test were used to examine effects of exercise intensity and target
regions. The blood flow and conductance index in skin areas increased
significantly with the exercise intensity. The blood flow and conductance index
in the lip increased significantly at 120 bpm and 140 bpm
compared to the control, while the values in the lip at 160 bpm did not
change from the control values. These results suggest that the blood flow in
facial skin areas, not in the lip, responds similarly to dynamic exercise, in
contrast to the responses to static exercise.
Extracorporeal Life Support as a Bridge to Surgery of Acute Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Tulun Aysun , Panholzer Bernd , Cremer Joachim , Haneya Assad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Postinfarction ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a rare but life-threatening complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Surgery represents the treatment of choice. But the optimal timing for surgery is still under debate.
Case Description Here, we present the case of a 70-year-old female patient with an anterior postinfarction VSD leading to cardiogenic shock for whom we used a percutaneous implantation of an extracorporeal life support (ECLS) as a bridge to surgery. After 10 days of ECLS therapy, surgical VSD repair was successfully performed.
Conclusion The strategy of delayed surgery may be a reasonable solution in selected patients with VSD complicating AMI.
Speech-Language Pathologists and Behavior Analysts: A Survey of Video Modeling Use and Perspectives
Authors: Cardon Teresa , Wynkoop Kaylee , Hawkins Paul M. , Pray Cassandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs) and board-certified behavior analysts (BCBAs) work with clients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In general, these practitioners support a variety of skills during treatment, including language, social skills, daily living, and academics. Video modeling (VM) is an intervention that is often used to improve skills (e.g., independent living, social, behavioral, academic) for clients with disabilities. It is unknown how SLPs and BCBAs are specifically using VM to support clients, including those with ASD. The primary purpose of this study was to use an existing perception scale to analyze SLPs' and BCBAs' perspectives on and use of VM. Results have indicated that while most practitioners have heard of VM and use it with clients, barriers related to training and video creation still exist. VM is still predominantly used in clinics and special education classrooms, indicating that this evidence-based strategy is being used, but more training and generalization support is needed.
Whole-Exome Sequencing in Idiopathic Short Stature: Rare Mutations Affecting Growth
Authors: Noorian Shahab , Khonsari Nami Mohammadian , Savad Shahram , Hakak-Zargar Benyamin , Voth Tessa , Kabir Koroush 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIdiopathic short stature (ISS) is a common diagnosis of exclusion in patients with short stature (SS). In this article, we aimed to identify the genetic causes of SS in patients with ISS and investigate treatment options. Fourteen children with diagnosis of ISS were identified, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was subsequently conducted on blood-derived DNA. Five patients were correctly diagnosed with ISS and four had rare mutations that have not been previously reported. Four patients had mutations known to cause SS and one had a mutation that was known not to affect height. WES can help identify rare mutations implicated in ISS.
Number marking in Nuer nouns
Authors: Koang Nyang John 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the formation of number in the nouns of
Nuer, a Nilo-Saharan language spoken both in South Sudan and Ethiopia. Forming
plurals in Nuer is by itself quite irregular: there are many different ways.
Suffixing the [-ni̤] after words that end in sounds other than [l] and [r] is the
first way. [l] and [r]take [-i̤] after them, which is the second way. There are also
many other ways of forming a plural from singular, including suppletion, vowel
shortening, change in vowel quality and internal vowel modification (this last way
is quite unpredictable in nature). There is also a null (Ø) formation of plurals
with no distinction between singular and plural. Other closely related languages
like Dinka (South Sudan) and Anyuak (both Ethiopia and South Sudan), see Reh (1996), share many of the same plural
formation processes.
The linguistic nature of expression of aspect in Ethiopian sign
language
Authors: Kassu Abebe Pawlos 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Research findings on the aspectual marking system in sign
languages points towards diverse thinking. At first it was claimed that aspect
marking is inflectional morphology. This, however, has been questioned on the
grounds that it does not meet the basic criteria for inflectional status, and is in
fact derivational or belonging to a highly iconic class of ideophonic morphology. It
also has been argued that the system is neither inflectional nor derivational, but
gestural. These different analytical perspectives are still a subject of discussion.
This paper is a part of wider research on forms, meanings of the aspect marking
system in Ethiopian Sign Language (EthSL) and examines the nature of the aspect
marking system observed in EthSL in light of the ongoing discussions. Seven deaf
language consultants of differing ages and genders were involved. McCarthy’s
prosodic theory of nonconcatenative morphology was used as a theoretical framework
for the analysis of the data. The analysed data refutes the gestural nature of the
aspect marking system and points to the direction of inflectional morphology.
Continuous decoding of cognitive load from electroencephalography reveals task-general and task-specific correlates
Authors: Boring Matthew J , Ridgeway Karl , Shvartsman Michael , Jonker Tanya R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective. Algorithms to detect changes in cognitive load using non-invasive biosensors (e.g. electroencephalography (EEG)) have the potential to improve human–computer interactions by adapting systems to an individual’s current information processing capacity, which may enhance performance and mitigate costly errors. However, for algorithms to provide maximal utility, they must be able to detect load across a variety of tasks and contexts. The current study aimed to build models that capture task-general EEG correlates of cognitive load, which would allow for load detection across variable task contexts. Approach. Sliding-window support vector machines (SVM) were trained to predict periods of high versus low cognitive load across three cognitively and perceptually distinct tasks: n-back, mental arithmetic, and multi-object tracking. To determine how well these SVMs could generalize to novel tasks, they were trained on data from two of the three tasks and evaluated on the held-out task. Additionally, to better understand task-general and task-specific correlates of cognitive load, a set of models were trained on subsets of EEG frequency features. Main results. Models achieved reliable performance in classifying periods of high versus low cognitive load both within and across tasks, demonstrating their generalizability. Furthermore, continuous model outputs correlated with subtle differences in self-reported mental effort and they captured predicted changes in load within individual trials of each task. Additionally, alpha or beta frequency features achieved reliable within- and cross-task performance, suggesting that activity in these frequency bands capture task-general signatures of cognitive load. In contrast, delta and theta frequency features performed considerably worse than the full cross-task models, suggesting that delta and theta activity may be reflective of task-specific differences across cognitive load conditions. Significance. EEG data contains task-general signatures of cognitive load. Sliding-window SVMs can capture these signatures and continuously detect load across multiple task contexts.
Focus on land use cover changes and environmental impacts in South/Southeast Asia
Authors: Vadrevu Krishna Prasad , Ohara Toshimasa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Understanding the impacts of land use cover changes (LUCC) on the environment is one of the most important scientific challenges in global change research. LUCC is one of the critical drivers of environmental change in South/Southeast Asia. Several studies suggest that LUCC in these countries is driven by population growth and economic development. In the region, LUCC is manifested in a variety of phenomena such as urban expansion, agricultural land loss, land abandonment, deforestation, logging, reforestation, etc. Documenting the LUCC and associated impacts gain significance as the results can aid improved land management. This editorial provides a summary and discussion of the nine different articles of the Focus issue, focusing on ground-based measurements, remote sensing, and modeling to quantify LUCC impacts. The results will be useful to academics, practitioners, government, and policymakers to quantify and address sustainable LUCC issues in South/Southeast Asian countries. The published papers add significant new science to the existing literature.
Analysis of early structure formation of anhydrite binders from secondary raw materials using microcalorimetry
Authors: Anikanova L A , Volkova O V , Kudyakov A I , Lotov V A , Pervushina D M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article presents results of a research on changes in energy parameters of fluorogypsum composition of normal consistency with introduction of various additives (μΔn) such as sodium sulfate and sodium sulfite. Activity of binder in interaction with water was defined as the sum of thermal effect of hydration and thermal effect of dispersion of fluorogypsum crystal lattice. In order to compare processes of heat release in the studied gypsum-containing systems, the article presents results of analysis for the following ones: fluorogypsum binder – water, fluorogypsum binder – sodium sulfate – water and fluorogypsum binder – sodium sulfite – water. Research has shown that processes of hydration during by development of alternating exothermic and endothermic effects in systems containing fluorogypsum binders.
Experimental studies of the evolution of structural and mechanical characteristics of cement stone in the process of hydration
Authors: Dmitrieva M A , Sharanova A V , Leitsin V N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An experimental approach is proposed to study the evolution of structural and mechanical characteristics of cement stone in the process of hydration. This approach is based on the use of computed tomography methods and the determination of the strength at different times of the setting of concrete compositions. It is shown that modifying additives of calcium formate and redispersible polymer powder provide an increase in strength at the initial setting time. In this case, the highest strength value 30 minutes after mixing is achieved for a composition with 2% content of redispersible polymer powder by weight of cement. The highest density is demonstrated by compositions with additives of redispersible polymer powder. A developed experimental approach, combining a non-destructive computed tomography method and a direct assessment of the compressive strength of samples of multicomponent concrete of various compositions, makes it possible to effectively evaluate the effect of modifying additives on the properties of modified concrete.
Designing new sustainable anti-landslide systems under constrained city conditions
Authors: Kasharina T P , Kasharin D V , Polyakov D A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the development of technical solutions for anti-erosion and landslide impact designs in the design and construction of buildings and structures in cramped urban conditions. They are created from composite nanomaterials. Many foreign and domestic scientists are engaged in such structures from soil-reinforced and soil-filled elements. We also examined the methods of calculating their justification and the results of experimental studies.
Factors of environmentally oriented development of management technologies in construction
Authors: Nuzhina I , Shershova L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The results of research to advance the study and practice of construction management in the context of greening and transition to a green economy are presented. The basic aim of the study: is exploration of development of management technologies space available to construction managers for the development of a fully interlinked system of indices of the controls as a model of environmentally sensitive and ecosystem-based management processes. Methods of system, logical and comparative analysis are used. The study provides an overview of the institutional environment and identified the factors dictating the necessity to transform technology of project management control in construction in accordance with the environmental regulations of development and the social needs of city-building activity. Has been reasserted the importance of increasing greening needs of the population, social and environmental responsibility of the construction business is shown. The author’s concept is proposed and structured system of eco-engineering project as a role model for the development paradigm of technologies for governments in construction was introduced.
Same-plant trends in capacity factor and heat rate for US power plants, 2001–2018
Authors: Grubert Emily 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This note uses electricity generator level 2001–2018 US capacity, generation, and heat input data to evaluate trends in same-plant capacity factor (how much plants run) and heat rate (how efficiently plants run) as plants age. Based on compound annual growth rates for capacity factor and, for thermal plants, heat rate, and based on the subset of US plants that have been operating since 2010 or earlier, same-plant capacity factors increased slightly, and heat rates decreased slightly, between 2001–2018 (weighted average based on 2018 plant capacity). Trends vary by region, fuel, and plant age. Notably, US natural gas-fired power plants tended to run more, and more efficiently, as they aged, while coal-fired power plants tended to run less, and less efficiently. Potential drivers include relative plant age, policy, financial competitiveness, and an anticipated tendency for plant operators to react to the effects of equipment aging with maintenance, repair, replacement, and optimization. These observations can inform committed emissions-based research, which requires making assumptions about how plant operational characteristics change (or do not) as they age.
If You Build It, They Will Come—Agroecosystem-Based Management Practices Support Pollinators
Authors: O’Brien Colton , Arathi H S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent reports indicate that global insect populations are drastically declining, and amongst insects, bees have attracted significant attention. Decades of research on causal factors for bee population declines, indicate that extensive loss of natural habitats resulting from urbanization and agricultural intensification, has led to a dearth of critical nesting and forage resources essential for the sustenance of bees. To address these concerns and to meet the growing need for food production, simple but effective farm management practices such as restoring habitat diversity through planting pollinator habitats along field margins and underutilized areas, revegetating retired farmland with wildflowers and including pollinator-friendly forbs in cover crop mixes, have been recommended. Earlier studies have provided evidence that planting pollinator habitats along field margins and revegetating retired farmland are indeed viable ways to sustain bee pollinators. Here we report results of a case study exploring the benefits of cover cropping with a pollinator-friendly forb mix. Our results indicate that cover cropping to support pollinators can be effective, particularly when cover crops are retained until the flowering stage and that grazing of cover crops could extend support to those genera of bees that prefer grazed areas. Although the reports on global insect declines are dire, our studies show that pollinator-friendly farm management practices can offset the declines and play a significant role in supporting pollinator populations. Regular assessment of the efficacy of these practices will enable us to target efforts towards better implementation of habitat conservation programs.
Newt: a comprehensive web-based tool for viewing, constructing and analyzing biological maps
Authors: Balci Hasan , Siper Metin Can , Saleh Nasim , Safarli Ilkin , Roy Ludovic , Kilicarslan Merve , Ozaydin Rumeysa , Mazein Alexander , Auffray Charles , Babur Özgün , Demir Emek , Dogrusoz Ugur 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Visualization of cellular processes and pathways is a key recurring requirement for effective biological data analysis. There is a considerable need for sophisticated web-based pathway viewers and editors operating with widely accepted standard formats, using the latest visualization techniques and libraries.

Results
We developed a web-based tool named Newt for viewing, constructing and analyzing biological maps in standard formats such as SBGN, SBML and SIF.

Availability and implementation
Newt’s source code is publicly available on GitHub and freely distributed under the GNU LGPL. Ample documentation on Newt can be found on http://newteditor.org and on YouTube.