bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case report with COVID-19 during perioperative period of lobectomy
Authors: Han Peng , Li Fan , Cao Peng , Hu Shan , Kong Kangle , Deng Yu , Zu Yukun , Zhao Bo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Currently, COVID-19 has made a significant impact on many countries in the world. However, there have been no reported cases of pulmonary lobectomy with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. We are the first to report such a case.

Patient concerns:
We report a 63-year-old Wuhan male patient with smoking history of 40 cigarettes per day for 40 years. He sought medical consultation for right lower lung nodules found by CT scan.

Diagnoses and interventions:
The patient's postoperative pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma of the right lower lung. On the fourth day after the operation, the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test showed a positive result. After the operation, we routinely give symptomatic treatments such as anti-infection, nebulization and oxygen inhalation. We also change antibiotics several times depending on the patient's condition.

Outcomes:
The patient's condition continued to deteriorate. On the fifth day after surgery, the patient died despite medical treatment.

Lessons:
We are the first to report the diagnosis and treatment process of patients with COVID-19 during perioperative period of lobectomy. It provides a case for the postoperative management of such patients.
Incidental 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake in the pancreatic head
Authors: Lakhotia Rahul , Jhawar Sakshi , Malayeri Ashkan A. , Millo Corina , Del Rivero Jaydira , Ahlman Mark A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are neoplasms that can arise from the neuroendocrine cells distributed widely throughout the body. Majority of NETs overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSTR) on their cell surface. This biologic characteristic is exploited by SSTR-based imaging such as 111In octreotide scintigraphy and 68Ga DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), which are considered standard for initial evaluation of NETs. Although highly sensitive and specific, recent reports demonstrate a concerning incidence of “false-positive” physiologic uptake of these tracers in the pancreatic head – a common site of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) involvement. We present false positive uptake on 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT along with false positive CT findings. Role of other imaging modalities is discussed.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old woman presented with a year-long history of diarrhea.

Diagnosis:
Serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels were slightly elevated at 134.2 pg/mL (normal <75 pg/mL). CT showed a mildly enhancing 2.5 cm × 1.8 cm × 2.8 cm area in the pancreatic uncinate process which corresponded to focal uptake with 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT. A presumptive diagnosis of pancreatic NET (vipoma) was made, and the patient was scheduled to undergo Whipple's surgery.

Interventions:
She sought a second opinion and a subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no lesion and the patient's surgery was deferred. Thereafter, her VIP levels spontaneously normalized. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle aspiration cytology of the uncinate process showed normal pancreatic acini with no evidence of NET.

Outcomes:
Patient is currently pursuing workup for alternative etiologies for chronic diarrhea.

Lessons:
Conspicuous physiological uptake has been reported in the pancreatic head on 16% to 70% of 68Ga DOTATATE or 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT scans, and 26% of the 111In octreotide scintigraphy scans. Image-based quantitative attempts to distinguish physiologic from pathologic uptake using SUVmax have rendered mixed results. When evaluating SSTR-based imaging uptake in the pancreatic head, patients can benefit from a higher index of suspicion of false positive uptake. Such cases require additional confirmation by MRI or EUS. Interestingly, the patient described also had mild contrast enhancement on CT, but without an MRI correlate. Because of potential morbidity and mortality related to false positive uptake, a systematic review with evidence-based recommendations for imaging may benefit patient care.
Dapagliflozin-associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lee In Hee , Ahn Dong Jik 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Rare cases of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (eu-DKA) have been reported after the administration of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. No reports have described eu-DKA complicated by hypernatremia due to SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old woman with a 40-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), for which metformin (1000 mg/day) and dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) were prescribed, presented with malaise, fever, and oliguria. On presentation, her white blood cell count (11,800/μL), serum creatinine (3.2 mg/dL), and C-reactive protein (54 mg/L) were abnormal. Bilateral pyeloureteritis and diffuse paralytic ileus were present. She received intravenous antibiotics and total parenteral nutrition, and was asked to fast. Her renal function and ileus briefly improved. Oral hypoglycemic agents, metformin and dapagliflozin, along with enteral feeding were reinstituted on day 3 of hospitalization. However, on day 6 of hospitalization, the patient developed an altered state of consciousness including confusion, lethargy, and stupor. Several laboratory abnormalities suggestive of ketoacidosis with euglycemia were noted.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with eu-DKA accompanied by severe hypernatremia (corrected serum Na+ concentration, 163 mEq/L) and hypokalemia following dapagliflozin re-administration.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with indicated intravenous fluid therapy. Dapagliflozin use was discontinued.

Outcomes:
The patient's mental status and laboratory findings improved gradually, and she was discharged on maintenance doses of insulin and metformin on day 14 of hospitalization.

Lessons:
Acute illnesses such as diffuse paralytic ileus and urinary tract infection, and dietary restrictions or fasting in patients with DM can be considered potential predisposing factors for SGLT-2 inhibitor-associated eu-DKA. For patients with diabetes in the setting of acute morbidity, timely resumption of the SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy should be carefully determined. In addition, eu-DKA due to SGLT-2 inhibitor use may be accompanied by electrolyte disturbances such as hypernatremia and hypokalemia.
Clinical trial for conventional medicine integrated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Xi Yi , Lu Xun , Zhu Like , Sun Xiaoyi , Jiang Yuqin , He Weiming , Wei Minggang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been rapidly increasing and has become one of the most concerned global health problems. It is of good importance to improve therapeutic efficiency of CKD and delay disease progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a widely used complementary therapy for patients with CKD. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether basic treatment combined with Chinese herbs mixture Qi Gui Yi Shen decoction could achieve better therapeutic effect on CKD patients.

Methods:
To determine whether traditional Chinese medicine Qi Gui Yi Shen decoction could achieve better therapeutic effect, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial. A total of 100 CKD patients that meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled and divided into 2 groups: Qi Gui Yi Shen group (QGYS group) and placebo group. Each group will receive 6-monthly basic treatment in combination with TCM or placebo 3 times per day. Efficacy of Qi Gui Yi Shen decoction is evaluated by analyzing renal function and TCM symptoms, other efficacy assessments include serum level of PAI-I, expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1). Routine blood count, plasma albumin (ALB), and alanine transaminase (ALT) are evaluated as side effect and safety profile.

Discussion:
The results from the clinical trial will provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of Qi Gui Yi Shen Decoction as a treatment for CKD patients. Furthermore, this will propose a new theory and method for CKD treatment.

Trial registration:
Registered with Chinese Clinical Trials Registry at www.chictr.org. (Registration number: ChiCTR1900021622) on 1 March 2019.
The impact of tamsulosin on cognition in Alzheimer disease with benign prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Sohn Jong-Hee , Lee Sang-Hwa , Kwon Young-Suk , Kim Jong-Ho , Kim Youngmi , Lee Jae Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Studies suggest that the use of alpha-blockers increases the risk of dementia in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Due to study limitations, the relationship between the use of alpha-blockers, such as tamsulosin, and the risk of dementia is still unclear. However, alpha1-adrenoreceptors are also present in the brain, so there is potential for adverse effects on cognitive function. Therefore, we investigated possible associations between the use of alpha-blockers and aggravation of cognitive decline in dementia patients using a clinical data analytic solution called the Smart Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW).
We retrospectively investigated clinical data using the Smart CDW of Hallym University Medical Center from 2009 to 2019. We enrolled patients with probable Alzheimer disease (AD) who had completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at least twice during follow-up, and who had BPH. We compared the difference in MMSE scores between patients who took tamsulosin for >1000 days and those who did not take any alpha-blocker. We tested the effect of tamsulosin on cognitive decline in patients with AD, using propensity score-matched logistic regression analysis.
Eligible cases were included in the tamsulosin (n = 68) or no-medication (n = 153) groups. After propensity score matching, clinical characteristics such as educational attainment and vascular risk factors were similar in the tamsulosin and no-medication groups. The MMSE scores did not differ significantly between the tamsulosin and no-medication groups (P = .470).
The results suggest that tamsulosin for BPH is not associated with worsening of the cognitive decline in patients with AD.
Increased the risk of depression in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp
Authors: Choi Hyo Geun , Hong Seok Jin , Han Juho , Park Chan Hum , Lee Joong Seob 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Previous studies have reported that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is closely related to depression. The present study aims to elucidate the association between CRS without nasal polyp and depression using a national sample cohort. Using the national sample cohort from Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, we matched patients with CRS (n = 21,707) to control participants (n = 86,828), at a ratio of 1:4, according to age, sex, household income, region of residence. The stratified Cox proportional-hazards model was used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) between CRS and depression. A subgroup analysis was performed according to age group and gender. The HR for depression was significantly higher in patients with CRS than in control participants (adjusted HR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.33–1.48) after adjustment for age, sex, household income, region of residence, and medical history. The risk of depression was also elevated in the subgroup analysis, regardless of age or gender. In conclusion, CRS was significantly associated with the increased risk of depression.
Efficacy of telbivudine and entecavir against virus reactivation in HBeAg−patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Chih-Jen , Yu Hsien-Chung , Chang Chen-Wang , Bair Ming-Jong , Lin Ching-Chung , Lin Yang-Sheng , Cai Zong-Sian , Chen Ming-Jen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The renal protective effect of telbivudine (LdT) was verified by a previous meta-analysis. It was left unclear, however if this effect offsets the associated risk of virological breakthrough in hepatitis B e-antigen-negative (HBeAg−) patients receiving chemotherapy (C/T).
Records of 260 HBeAg−, non-cirrhotic cancer patients undergoing systemic C/T with prophylactic LdT or entecavir (ETV) were retrospectively investigated. The investigation was conducted 6 months after completion of C/T, patient death from cancer, or antiviral modification. Treatment duration, outcome, change of renal function, and reason for antiviral modification were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of virological breakthrough during prophylaxis C/T and the change in renal function.
Of the 126 HBeAg− patients treated with LdT, 3 (2.38%) experienced HBV virological breakthroughs, whereas none of the patients treated with ETV (P = .07) did. The estimated glomerular filtration rate for the patients treated with LdT was essentially unaltered, decreasing only slightly from 87.5 ± 23.1 to 87.3 ± 21.3 ml/minute/1.73 m2 (P = .55), while the rate for the ETV-treated patients was significantly lowered from 95.7 ± 32.2 to 85.5 ± 85.7 ml/minute/1.73 m2 (P = .0009).
The absolute risk reduction ARR is 27.8% − 21.2% = 6.6%, comparing ETV with LdT for reduction of renal function impairment and the absolute risk increase for virological breakthrough during C/T, the absolute risk increase (ARI) is 2.38% − 0% = 2.38%. The overall likelihood of being helped over being harmed was 2.77. With careful selection of patients with the criteria of HBeAg−status and non-hematologic cancer, it is feasible that telbivudine raise lower probability of virological breakthroughs during prophylaxis treatment.
Upper airway obstruction during extubation after general anesthesia, in a patient with Parkinson disease
Authors: Sun Xiaodi , Dai Leyang , Pan Yinbing , Sha Huanhuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition often suffered by the elderly. Upper airway obstruction, though rare in patients with PD, can be life threatening and is associated with vocal cord paralysis, laryngeal spasm, and dystonia of jaw and neck muscles.

Patient concerns:
We describe a life-threatening upper airway obstruction caused by bilateral vocal cord paralysis, in an elderly man with PD, during extubation after general anesthesia.

Diagnoses:
Based on clinical presentation and visual laryngoscopy, the patient was diagnosed with laryngeal spasm and bilateral vocal cord paralysis after extubation.

Interventions:
Re-intubation was carried out and dopamine hydrazine tablets were administered via a nasal feeding tube.

Outcomes:
After re-intubation and further treatment, the endotracheal tube was successfully removed and no symptoms of respiratory distress were observed.

Lessons:
Patients with PD may be at a risk of life-threatening upper airway obstruction after extubation, which should be prevented systematically.
Efficacy of prostaglandina E1 for the treatment of patients with thrombo-occlusive vasculitis
Authors: Sun Yao , Wang Han-rui , Feng Xiao-hang , Wang Kai-feng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of prostaglandina E1 (PE1) for the treatment of patients with thrombo-occlusive vasculitis (TOV).

Methods:
Electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) will be sought from onset to the March 1, 2020 without language and publication status restrictions. We will include any potential randomized controlled trials that examined the efficacy of PE1 for the treatment of patients with TOV. We will appraise study quality using Cochrane risk of bias tool, and will assess the evidence quality using Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation. We will use RevMan 5.3 Software for statistical analysis.

Results:
A high-quality synthesis of present evidence of PE1 for the treatment of patients with TOV will be provided in this study.

Conclusion:
This study will provide evidence to judge whether PE1 is an effective intervention for TOV.

Systematic review registration:
INPLASY202040081.
Removal of the root canal smear layer using Carisolv III and sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Wu Di , Ma Yong-zhen , Jia Jing , Xin Bing-chang , Wang Da-shan , Sun De-gang , Wang Ling-xiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The present study investigated the effectiveness of a Carisolv III + 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-based root canal irrigant for smear layer removal.
Forty maxillary incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10 per group). The canals in group A (experimental) were prepared with 0.5% NaOCl, and Carisolv III and 0.5% NaOCl was used for the final washing; groups B and C (positive controls) used 2% and 5.25% NaOCl, respectively; and group D (negative control) used phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used for all of the groups. A 5-point scoring scale and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the irrigants. The canals were consistently cleaner in the coronal and middle thirds than in the apical thirds (P < .05).
For cleaning the root canals, 5.25% NaOCl was more effective than 2% NaOCl, 0.5% NaOCl + Carisolv III, and phosphate-buffered saline , respectively (P < .05). The 2% NaOCl solution showed similar results to 0.5% NaOCl + Carisolv III (P > .05). The combination of 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA remains the most effective irrigant for removal of the root canal smear layer.
A combination of Carisolv III + 0.5% NaOCl (with 17% EDTA) showed a cleaning ability similar to that of 2% NaOCl (with 17% EDTA).
Acupuncture and manual therapy for rotator cuff tears
Authors: Tang Hongzhi , Luo Fei , Fan Huaying , Huang Li , Liao Shichuan , Yu Wenjing , Chen Yunbei , Qin Xuefei , Chen Jiao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
The tears of rotator cuff is caused by the tears or aseptic inflammation of tendon tissue such as subscapular muscle, supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and so on, which make up the rotator cuff. Managements of rotator cuff disease often include acupuncture and manual therapy, usually delivered together. The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness and safety of such interventions in patients with pain and dysfunction caused by rotator cuff tears.

Methods:
We will search the EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, the Chongqing VIP, the US National Institute of Health, the NIH clinical registry Clinical Trials, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry and the Chinese clinical registry, from their inception to April 1, 2020. Randomized controlled trials that include patients with rotator cuff tears receiving acupuncture and manual therapy versus a control group will be included. The selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted by 2 independent researchers. A third review author will resolve disagreements. The dichotomous data will be presented as risk ratios with 95% CIs and the continuous data will be presented as weighted mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% CIs. Evidence quality will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Discussion:
This systematic review will provide updated evidence of various types of acupuncture and manual therapy specifically focuses on its effectiveness and safety for patients’ pain and dysfunction caused by rotator cuff tears.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not necessary as this review will not require data from individual patients. The results of this will be published through peer-reviewed journal articles or conference presentations.

Registration:
Open Science Framework Preregistration. Registration number 10.17605/OSF.IO/M3NKV.
Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Yang Yan , Shao Shiying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis (ARPC) is a rare skin disorder, which is associated with various internal diseases and even malignant neoplasms. A comprehensive knowledge of the concomitant diseases in ARPC patients is helpful to decrease the misdiagnosis. Although the treatment of ARPC is challenging, systemic assessment of existing regimens is not available.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to cutaneous pruritus and papules all over the body.

Diagnosis:
Physical examination showed various sized papules on the lower limbs, buttocks, back, chest, and upper arms with keratotic plugs in the center. Histopathology showed typical collagenous fiber perforation. The diagnosis of ARPC was made according to histopathology, onset age and typical skin lesions. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic renal failure (CRF), and hypothyroidism simultaneously presented in this patient.

Interventions:
This patient was initially treated with topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines for the skin lesion and pruritus. Medications for glucose control and recovery of renal and thyroid functions were also applied. On the second admission, the combined therapy of topical retinoic acid, Chinese medicinal herb-Qingpeng ointment, and Zinc oxide ointment was added.

Outcomes:
Papules and pruritus were improved significantly after the second hospitalization.

Conclusion:
We present a case of ARPC associated with T2DM, CRF, and hypothyroidism, which has rarely been described. There is no standardized treatment for ARPC. Co-administration of two or more agents for dermatologic interventions and treatment for associated diseases may help to improve skin symptoms.