bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kwakhurin‐magnetic particles conjugates enable fast enzyme immunoassay for the detection of kwakhurin in Pueraria candollei
Authors: Sakamoto Seiichi , Eto Ryota , Nuntawong Poomraphie , Yusakul Gorawit , Juengwatanatrakul Thaweesak , Putalun Waraporn , Fujii Shunsuke , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Morimoto Satoshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionKwakhurin (Kwa) is one of the unique isoflavonoids produced in Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (P. candollei), which has long been used as folk medicine for rejuvenation in Thailand. Recently, the use of P. candollei‐derived products has widely spread among Japanese women for cosmetic purposes. Correspondingly, there has been an increase in the number of reports regarding possible health hazards caused by estrogenic activity inherent to the plant; thus, the need for a detailed evaluation of the phytoestrogen content of P. candollei‐derived products has gained a sense of urgency in recent years.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a rapid enzyme immunoassay that can be applied to the quantitative analysis of Kwa in P. candollei and its derived products.Material and MethodA rapid and sensitive immunoassay was developed with a combination of Kwa‐specific monoclonal antibody (MAb 11F) and Kwa–magnetic particles (MPs) conjugates, which increased the surface area of the solid phase, resulting in a decrease in the immunoreaction time.ResultThis novel MPs‐based enzyme immunoassay (MPs‐EIA) was used to determine Kwa concentration in the range from 2.44 to 78.1 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 1.90 ng/mL. Validation analyses revealed that the proposed MPs‐EIA protocol was sufficiently precise and accurate for effective quantitative analysis of Kwa in P. candollei and its derived products.
A geometric approach to target convergence and obstacle avoidance of a nonstandard tractor‐trailer robot
Authors: Prasad Avinesh , Sharma Bibhya , Vanualailai Jito , Kumar Sandeep A. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this article, a solution to target convergence and obstacle avoidance problem of an underactuated nonstandardn‐trailer robot is proposed. With a new geometric approach, we propose autonomous velocity and steering angle controllers for the car‐like tractor robot such that the tractor‐trailer system moves from an initial position to a designated target. The proposed method simultaneously takes into account the dynamics constraints of the system and also ensures that the robot avoids any fixed obstacles on its way to the target. We also generalize the results to control the motion of the nonstandardn‐trailer system with an arbitrary number of passive trailers, a mathematically challenging nonlinear underactuated system, given that the angular velocity of a trailer is dependent on the angular velocity of the preceding trailer. The effectiveness of the new geometric approach and the stabilizing control inputs is verified using computer simulations.
Semiglobal stabilization of linearly uncontrollable and unobservable nonlinear systems via sampled‐data control
Authors: Su Zhi‐gang , Hao Yong‐sheng , Zha Wenting , Qian Chunjiang 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis article investigates the problem of using sampled‐data state/output feedback to semiglobally stabilize a class of uncertain nonlinear systems whose linearization around the origin is neither controllable nor observable. For any arbitrarily large bound of initial states, by employing homogeneous domination approach and a homogeneous version of Gronwall‐Bellman inequality, a sampled‐data state feedback controller with appropriate sampling period and scaling gain is constructed to semiglobally stabilize the system. In the case when not all states are available, a reduced‐order sampled‐data observer is constructed to provide estimates for the control law, which can guarantee semiglobal stability of the closed‐loop system with carefully selected sampling period and scaling
gain.
How entrepreneurship ecosystem influences the development of frugal innovation and informal entrepreneurship
Authors: Igwe Paul Agu , Odunukan Kenny , Rahman Mahfuzur , Rugara David Gamariel , Ochinanwata Chinedu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article critically analyses how the entrepreneurial ecosystem and institutional environment influences the development of frugal innovation and informal entrepreneurship. There is a dearth of empirical research on African entrepreneurship ecosystems and complementors that produce innovations in the informal sector. We address this gap, by examining why and how informal businesses operate and evolve. Based on a qualitative approach, interviewing 20 business owners in Nigeria, two focus groups meeting with 5 and 7 business associations leaders, respectively, we examine the role of institutional environments, how entrepreneurs operate and overcome the barriers to entrepreneurship. The results reveal a model of determinants of frugal innovation and informal entrepreneurship ecosystem comprising formal/informal rules, access to market, and family as important elements that act as a means to effective knowledge flows, networking, capital, and resources sharing.
Conceptualizations of Leadership and Leadership Development Within Evangelical Christian Campus Ministries
Authors: Gott Trisha , Craft Christy Moran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMore must be done to dovetail faith‐based student leadership development with emerging models and understandings of leadership today. This chapter describes how two campus ministries conceptualize leadership and leadership development and how their conceptualizations compare to those commonly embraced in higher education leadership programs.
Interfaith Leadership as a Civic Priority: Higher Education's Role in Developing Bridge‐Builders
Authors: Giess Mary Ellen , Correia‐Harker Benjamin P. , Patel Eboo , Silverman Noah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractToday's students will inherit responsibility for addressing complex issues and bringing people together around issues of common concern. This chapter underscores the critical need for interfaith engagement to support students’ spiritual development and offers empirical evidence for the merits of interfaith learning. Programmatic interventions for interfaith teaching are included.
Exploring the potential of laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry to analyse organic capping agents on inorganic nanoparticle surfaces
Authors: Giannopoulos Konstantinos , Lechtenfeld Oliver J. , Holbrook Timothy R. , Reemtsma Thorsten , Wagner Stephan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnalytical techniques are in high demand for the determination of organic capping agents on surfaces of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as gold (Au) and silver (Ag). In this study, the potential of laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-ToF-MS) as a technique fit for this purpose is demonstrated. First, a collection of reference spectra of most commonly used organic capping agents, including small molecules and polymers was established. Second, the robustness of the method was tested towards parameters like NP core material and NP size. In a third step, the quantitative capabilities of LDI-ToF-MS were determined. Finally, the potential to detect chemical alterations of the organic capping agent was evaluated. LDI-ToF-MS is able to detect capping agents ranging from small molecules (citric acid, tannic acid, lipoic acid) to large polymers (polyvinylpyrrolidone, branched polyethylenimine and methoxy polyethylene glycol sulfhydryl) on Au and Ag NPs based on characteristic signals for each capping agent. Small molecules showed characteristic fragment ions with low intensities, whereas polymers showed intense signals of the monomeric subunit. The NP concentration range comprises about two orders of magnitude with lowest detection limits of 5 mg/L or a capping agent concentration in the lower nM range. Changes in capping agent composition are detectable at NP concentrations in the g/L range. Thus, LDI-ToF-MS is particularly suitable for characterisation of polymer-capped NPs with high NP concentrations. This may be the case for quality control as part of the material synthesis and testing.
Managing NF2-associated vestibular schwannomas in children and young adults: review of an institutional series regarding effects of surgery and bevacizumab on growth rates, tumor volume, and hearing quality
Authors: Gugel Isabel , Zipfel Julian , Hartjen Philip , Kluwe Lan , Tatagiba Marcos , Mautner Victor-Felix , Schuhmann Martin Ulrich 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe reviewed our experience in managing of NF2-associated vestibular schwannoma (VS) in children and young adults regarding the effect of surgery and postoperative bevacizumab treatment. A total of 579 volumetric and hearing data sets were analyzed. The effect of surgery on tumor volume and growth rate was investigated in 46 tumors and on hearing function in 39 tumors. Long-term hearing follow-up behavior was compared with 20 non-operated ears in additional 15 patients. Sixteen operated VS were treated with bevacizumab. Mutation analysis of the NF2 gene was performed in 25 patients. Surgery significantly slowed down VS growth rate. Factors associated with a higher growth rate were increasing patient age, tumor volume, and constitutional truncating mutations. Immediately after surgery, functional hearing was maintained in 82% of ears. Deterioration of hearing was associated with initial hearing quality, larger tumor volumes, and larger resection amounts. Average hearing scores were initially better in the group of non-operated VS. Over time, hearing scores in both groups worsened with a similar dynamic. During bevacizumab treatment of residual tumors, four different patterns of growth were observed. Decompression of the internal auditory canal with various degrees of tumor resection decreases the postoperative tumor growth rates. Carefully tailored BAEP-guided surgery does not cause additional hearing deterioration. Secondary bevacizumab treatment showed heterogenous effects both regarding tumor size and hearing preservation. It seems that postoperative tumor residuals, that grow slower, behave differently to bevacizumab than reported for not-operated faster growing VS.
The Palais–Smale condition for the Hamiltonian action on a mixed regularity space of loops in cotangent bundles and applications
Authors: Asselle Luca , Starostka Maciej 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe show that the Hamiltonian action satisfies the Palais–Smale condition over a “mixed regularity” space of loops in cotangent bundles, namely the space of loops with regularity $$H^s$$

H
s

, $$s\in (\frac{1}{2}, 1)$$

s
∈
(

1
2

,
1
)

, in the base and $$H^{1-s}$$

H

1
-
s

in the fiber direction. As an application, we give a simplified proof of a theorem of Hofer–Viterbo on the existence of closed characteristic leaves for certain contact type hypersufaces in cotangent bundles.
In memoriam Douglas N. Walton: the influence of Doug Walton on AI and law
Authors: Atkinson Katie , Bench-Capon Trevor , Bex Floris , Gordon Thomas F. , Prakken Henry , Sartor Giovanni , Verheij Bart 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDoug Walton, who died in January 2020, was a prolific author whose work in informal logic and argumentation had a profound influence on Artificial Intelligence, including Artificial Intelligence and Law. He was also very interested in interdisciplinary work, and a frequent and generous collaborator. In this paper seven leading researchers in AI and Law, all past programme chairs of the International Conference on AI and Law who have worked with him, describe his influence on their work.
3D Printing Technology for Tapered Optical Fiber Protection With Gas Sensing Possibilities
Authors: de Souza Kaleb Roncatti , Osório Jonas H. , Carvalho Juliana B. , Lima Beatriz Mota , Cordeiro Cristiano M. B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present a new procedure for protecting micro-optical fibers (tapered fibers) by using the 3-dimension (3D) printing technology. A standard single-mode optical fiber was tapered down to the diameter of 1 µm and embedded in a polymeric matrix obtained by an additive manufacturing routine. We show that the proposed structure protects the fiber taper against environmental humidity while keeping permeability to gas flow and the possibility of the realization of gas detection experiments. To our knowledge, this is the first time 3D printed casings were applied to protect fiber tapers from humidity deterioration. We envisage this new approach will allow the development of new fiber taper devices to better resist in humid environments.
Rotary-scaling fine-tuning (RSFT) method for optimizing railway wheel profiles and its application to a locomotive
Authors: Ye Yunguang , Qi Yayun , Shi Dachuan , Sun Yu , Zhou Yichang , Hecht Markus 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe existing multi-objective wheel profile optimization methods mainly consist of three sub-modules: (1) wheel profile generation, (2) multi-body dynamics simulation, and (3) an optimization algorithm. For the first module, a comparably conservative rotary-scaling fine-tuning (RSFT) method, which introduces two design variables and an empirical formula, is proposed to fine-tune the traditional wheel profiles for improving their engineering applicability. For the second module, for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rübeland line, an optimization function representing the relationship between the wheel profile and the wheel–rail wear number is established based on Kriging surrogate model (KSM). For the third module, a method combining the regression capability of KSM with the iterative computing power of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to quickly and reliably implement the task of optimizing wheel profiles. Finally, with the RSFT–KSM–PSO method, we propose two wear-resistant wheel profiles for the TRAXX locomotives serving on the Blankenburg–Rübeland line, namely S1002-S and S1002-M. The S1002-S profile minimizes the total wear number by 30%, while the S1002-M profile makes the wear distribution more uniform through a proper sacrifice of the tread wear number, and the total wear number is reduced by 21%. The quasi-static and hunting stability tests further demonstrate that the profile designed by the RSFT–KSM–PSO method is promising for practical engineering applications.
Characterizing reticulation in online social networks during disasters
Authors: Fan Chao , Shen Jiayi , Mostafavi Ali , Hu Xia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOnline social network has become a new form of infrastructure for communities in spreading situational information in disasters. Developing effective interventions to improve the network performance of information diffusion is essential for people to rapidly retrieve information in coping with disasters and subsequent disruptions. Existing studies have investigated multiple aspects of online social networks in stationary situations and a separate manner. However, the networks are dynamic and different properties of the networks are co-related in the evolving disaster situations. In particular, disaster events motivate people to communicate online, create and reinforce their connections, and lead to a dynamic reticulation of the online social networks. To understand the relationship among these elements, we proposed an Online Network Reticulation (ONR) framework to examine four modalities (i.e., enactment, activation, reticulation, and network performance) in the evolution of online social networks to analyze the interplays among disruptive events in disasters, user activities, and information diffusion performance on social media. Accordingly, we examine the temporal changes in four elements for characterization of reticulation: activity timing, activity types (post, share, reply), reticulation mechanism (creation of new links versus reinforcement of existing links), and structure of communication instances (self-loop, converging, and reciprocal). Finally, the aggregated effects of network reticulation, using attributed network-embedding approach, are examined in the average latent distance among users as a measure of network performance for information propagation. The application of the proposed framework is demonstrated in a study of network reticulation on Twitter for a built environment disruption event during 2017 Hurricane Harvey in Houston. The results show that the main underlying mechanism of network reticulation in evolving situations was the creation of new links by regular users. The main structure for communication instances was converging, indicating communication instances driven by information-seeking behaviors in the wake of a disruptive event. With the evolution of the network, the proportion of converging structures to self-loop and reciprocal structures did not change significantly, indicating the existence of a scale-invariance property for network structures. The findings demonstrate the capability of the proposed online network reticulation framework for characterizing the complex relationships between events, activities, and network performance in online social networks during disasters.
Towards a more complete object-orientation in graph-based design languages
Authors: Vogel Samuel , Arnold Peter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper an extension of the design method graph-based design languages is proposed. This is realized by adding object-oriented class methods and interface mechanisms to the design method. Additionally, graphical mechanisms for modeling and calling the methods are proposed. This allows object-oriented design patterns to be transferred to the product design, where they improve the handling of complexity in the product engineering. As result, the proposed extension enables modularization and reuse of engineering knowledge, the integration of engineering domains is enhanced and multi-stakeholder collaboration with security access control (information security) becomes feasible.
Weighted spaces of vector-valued functions and the $$\varepsilon$$-product
Authors: Kruse Karsten 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe introduce a new class$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ,E)$$FV(Ω,E)of weighted spaces of functions on a set$$\Omega$$Ωwith values in a locally convex Hausdorff spaceEwhich covers many classical spaces of vector-valued functions like continuous, smooth, holomorphic or harmonic functions. Then we exploit the construction of$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ,E)$$FV(Ω,E)to derive sufficient conditions such that$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ,E)$$FV(Ω,E)can be linearised, i.e. that$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ,E)$$FV(Ω,E)is topologically isomorphic to the$$\varepsilon$$ε-product$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega )\varepsilon E$$FV(Ω)εEwhere$$\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ):=\mathcal {FV}(\Omega ,\mathbb {K})$$FV(Ω):=FV(Ω,K)and$$\mathbb {K}$$Kis the scalar field ofE.
Institutional variety and the future of economics
Authors: Srinivas Smita 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEconomics depends heavily on assumptions made about the phenomenon of institutional variety and its implications for technological capabilities in economic development. This article contributes to new ways of thinking of institutional variety in order to advance scientific argument within the broad tradition of evolutionary political economy (EPE). First, it draws on theNyāya(Hindu) systems of logic and reasoning about inference and judgement which can potentially reveal inter-and intra-paradigmatic differences for EPE and economics. Second, it uses four brief illustrative cases from the author’s development research on technological learning and innovation to argue for more explicit and systematic treatment of inference and judgement about institutional variety. Implications for the future of economics are briefly discussed.
Olfactory Exposure to β-Caryophyllene Increases Testosterone Levels in Women’s Saliva
Authors: Tarumi Wataru , Shinohara Kazuyuki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
From previous studies, we hypothesized that olfactory exposure to β-caryophyllene stimulates women’s libido. However, Japan’s sex culture is so closed that it is difficult to test this possibility without accumulating scientific evidence. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the concentration of sex-related hormones in saliva, an experimental technique that is relatively easy to obtain research permission, and to obtain a scientific basis to convince ethics committee reviewers.

Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate whether β-caryophyllene increases salivary testosterone concentrations associated with libido and vaginal sensation during intercourse in women.

Methods
19 women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle participated in the study. The subjects then sat in front of the odor exposure device we had created. Each subject was exposed to dipropylene glycol for 20 minutes, followed by 3% β-caryophyllene for 20 minutes. Saliva was collected 4 times: before and after control exposure, and before and after β-caryophyllene exposure.

Main Outcome Measure
Salivary testosterone and estrogen concentrations were measured with a competition ELISA.

Results
β-caryophyllene significantly increased the salivary concentration of testosterone (control vs β-caryophyllene; 0.97 ± 0.05 vs 1.13 ± 0.03, P = .00, 95% confidence interval of control: 0.84–1.09, 95% confidence interval of β-caryophyllene: 1.04–1.20) but not estrogen (control vs β-caryophyllene; 1.05 ± 0.03 vs 1.07 ± 0.04, P = .69, 95% confidence interval of control: 0.96–1.12, 95% confidence interval of β-caryophyllene: 0.98–1.15).

Strengths & Limitations
The personal preferences of the subjects and the order of exposure may have affected the results.

Conclusion
β-caryophyllene may be a remedy with fewer side effects for women with decreased libido. We believe that β-caryophyllene may be a remedy for women with decreased libido. However, this hypothesis must be tested by further clinical studies.
Environmental surface testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during prolonged isolation of an asymptomatic carrier
Authors: Shin Kyeong Seob , Park Hee Sue , Lee Jisu , Lee Joon Kee 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnvironmental surface testing was performed to search for evidence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) environmental contamination by an asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carrier with persistently high viral loads under isolation. No evidence of environmental contamination was found. Further studies are needed to measure environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 carriers and to determine reasonable isolation periods.
An amblyopinine rove beetle (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Amblyopinini) from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand
Authors: Jenkins Shaw Josh , Solodovnikov Alexey , Bai Ming , Kaulfuss Uwe 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe first fossil rove beetle (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from New Zealand is described from the earliest Miocene Foulden Maar fossil-Lagerstätte, Otago. The new species,Sphingoquedius meton. sp., is attributable to the tribe Amblyopinini of the subfamily Staphylininae based on the scutellum with anterior scutellar ridge only; isodiametric microsculpture on the pronotum; multidirectional arranged setae on the elytra; and presence of radiating setae on the fourth abdominal tergite.Sphingoquedius meton. sp. is the first Southern Hemisphere fossil record of Amblyopinini and its affinity to the extant fauna as well as biogeographic and paleocological implications are discussed.UUID:http://zoobank.org/52275b83-d5ff-48af-A66F-2d62c3461677