bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TP53 mutations are associated with very complex karyotype and suggest poor prognosis in newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome patients with monosomal karyotype
Authors: Ren Yanling , Wang Jinghan , Zhang Hua , Mei Chen , Ye Li , Luo Yingwan , Zhou Xinping , Zhu Shuanghong , Jiang Lingxu , Wang Lu , Jin Jie , Tong Hongyan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and molecular characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with monosomal karyotype (MK).MethodsEighty MDS patients with MK diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2018 were included in the retrospective study. Seventy‐three had complex karyotype (CK) and 46 had very CK (vCK, ≥ 5 abnormalities). Clinical information was collected, and a panel of 37 genes, on which mutations have been previously reported to be associated with MDS patients, was analyzed by next‐generation sequencing. Genetic and biological features and their association with survival were evaluated.ResultsMonosomy 5, 7, and 17 were the most frequent and mainly occurred in patients with vCK. While median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 12.8 months with 95% CI 9.1‐16.5, patients with vCK had shorter OS (8.4 months with 95% CI 3.9‐12.8) than those with non‐vCK (16.1 months with 95% CI 11.5‐20.8) (P = .02). At least one gene mutation was detected in 76 patients (95%), TP53 mutations were detected in 57 patients, and their median OS was significantly shorter than those without TP53 mutations (9.5 months with 95% CI 7.5‐11.5 vs 26.1 months with 95% CI 8.0‐44.2, P < .01). In 34 patients who received treatment with decitabine, 25 with TP53 mutations had higher overall response rate than those with wild‐type TP53 (60% vs 22.2%, P = .03). However, OS was still significantly shorter in those with TP53 mutations (10.1 vs 26.1 months, P = .03). Multivariate analysis confirmed that TP53 mutations was an independent poor prognostic factor on OS.ConclusionsCK and vCK overlap in most of the MDS patients with MK. TP53 mutations occur more frequently in MDS patients with vCK, and both TP53 mutations and vCK are adverse prognostic factors.
The Impact of Specialized Environmental Courts on Corporate Risk‐Taking: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in China
Authors: Zhai Huayun , Chan Kam C. , Liu Qingzhuo , Liu Kemei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe examine the impact of having specialized environmental courts (SPECs) on corporate risk‐taking in China. SPECs allow judges and prosecutors to develop environmental expertise and are accountable for environmental violations. Thus, SPECs effectively enforce environmental regulations. Our findings suggest that when a firm is located in an SPEC jurisdiction, it engages in less corporate risk‐taking than an otherwise equivalent firm located in a non‐SPEC jurisdiction. The results are more pronounced for firms that receive large government environmental subsidies and that are state‐owned. Additional analysis suggests that firms make more environmental investments when located in an SPEC jurisdiction.
Incidence and risk factors of hyperemesis gravidarum: A national register‐based study in Finland, 2005‐2017
Authors: Nurmi Miina , Rautava Päivi , Gissler Mika , Vahlberg Tero , Polo‐Kantola Päivi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionHyperemesis gravidarum is the most common reason for hospitalization in early pregnancy in pregnancies resulting in delivery. Several associative factors indicate that the etiology is likely to be multifactorial. To assess this, we used a unique procedure to compare hyperemetic pregnancies with non‐hyperemetic pregnancies both in different women and in the same women's different pregnancies.Material and methodsData about all pregnancies resulting in delivery in Finland in 2005‐2017 were retrieved from healthcare registers. Women who had a diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum in any pregnancy in the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register were chosen as cases (n = 9315) and other women (n = 428 150) as the reference group. The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum was calculated and associations between hyperemesis and maternal, environmental and pregnancy‐related factors were analyzed in a novel setting by comparing case women's pregnancies diagnosed with hyperemesis to (1) reference group women's pregnancies and (2) case women's non‐hyperemetic pregnancies.ResultsOf the 437 465 women who had at least one pregnancy resulting in delivery during the study period, 9315 women had at least one hyperemetic pregnancy. The total number of pregnancies resulting in delivery was 741 387 and 9549 of those were diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum; thus the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum was 1.3%. In comparison (1), case women's hyperemetic pregnancies vs reference group's pregnancies, younger maternal age, higher gravidity, underweight and overweight were associated with increased risk of hyperemesis; in contrast, in comparison (2), case women's hyperemetic pregnancies vs their non‐hyperemetic pregnancies, higher age and obesity were associated with higher risk of hyperemesis, whereas the risk was lower as gravidity and parity increased. In both comparisons, smoking was associated with lower risk, whereas higher municipality population, assisted reproductive technology, multiple gestation and female sex of the fetus were associated with increased risk of hyperemesis.ConclusionsOur novel study setting provided new insights about risk factors: hyperemetic pregnancies differ both from pregnancies of women who had never been diagnosed with hyperemesis and from hyperemetic women's non‐hyperemetic pregnancies. The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in Finland was comparable to that in other countries.
Pembrolizumab with R‐CHOP in previously untreated diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: potential for biomarker driven therapy
Authors: Smith Stephen D. , Till Brian G. , Shadman Mazyar S. , Lynch Ryan C. , Cowan Andrew J. , Wu Qian V. , Voutsinas Jenna , Rasmussen Heather A. , Blue Katherine , Ujjani Chaitra S. , Shustov Andrei , Cassaday Ryan D. , Fromm Jonathan R. , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryTumor programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with inferior outcomes. The first‐line immunologically‐replete setting may be an opportune time for PD‐1 inhibition. We evaluated pembrolizumab in combination with R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) in untreated patients with DLBCL. Eligible patients were age 18 or older, had adequate organ function, and had DLBCL requiring full‐course therapy. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg/cycle with R‐CHOP, primarily to assess toxicity. Response assessment utilized standard criteria, and PD‐L1 staining was performed at a validated central laboratory. Among 30 patients, toxicity was comparable to standard R‐CHOP but with two grade ≥3 immune related adverse events (rash, pneumonitis). The overall and complete response rate was 90% and 77%. With 25·5 months of median follow‐up, 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) is 83%. PD‐L1 expression was associated with non‐GCB subtype, and improved PFS and survival. Pembrolizumab can safely be added to R‐CHOP, and is associated with a high CR rate and 2‐year PFS. Improved PFS with PR‐CHOP in PD‐L1 expressing tumors contradicts historical data in R‐CHOP treated patients, supporting evaluation of PD‐L1 as a biomarker to identify DLBCL patients who may benefit from this first‐line strategy.
High concentration of the plasma microparticles for venous thromboembolism associated with lung cancer
Authors: Wang Meiru , Huang Xiaoxi , Zhu Min , Zhang Shu , Zhang Yuhui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited biomarkers are used for predicting risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with cancer. Circulating microparticles (MPs), especially tissue factor‐ positive microparticles (TF + MPs), play an important role in the development of cancer‐associated VTE. This study investigated the predictive value of plasma MPs and TF + MPs for VTE in lung cancer.MethodsA case‐control study was performed using the Beijing Chao‐Yang Hospital Lung Cancer Registry. Cases had VTE occurring 3 months before or after a diagnosis of lung cancer. Controls were patients with lung cancer without VTE matched for age, histology and stage. The proportion of MPs and TF + MPs was evaluated by light‐scatter‐based flow cytometry.ResultsBetween January 2012 and December 2015, 30 cases with VTE and 60 controls without VTE were included. The proportion of MPs and TF + MPs was significantly more elevated in patients with VTE than in those without VTE (P < 0.05 for both). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, MPs (OR 1.153; 95% CI 1.068‐1.245; P < 0.001) and adenocarcinoma (OR 3.223; 95% CI 1.062‐9.782; P = 0.039) were significantly associated with VTE. The sensitivity of the proportion of MPs in diagnosing VTE was 93.3%, and the specificity was 70.0%. The sensitivity of the proportion of TF + MPs in diagnosing VTE was 66.7%, and the specificity was 88.3%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the diagnostic of the proportion of MPs and TF + MPs values were 0.836 (95% CI 0.750‐0.922, P < 0.001) and 0.828 (95% CI 0.736‐0.920, P < 0.001) respectively.ConclusionThe elevated proportion of MPs and TF + MPs might help predict VTE associated with lung cancer.
Peers matter: The moderating role of social influence on information security policy compliance
Authors: Yazdanmehr Adel , Wang Jingguo , Yang Zhiyong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInformation security in an organization largely depends on employee compliance with information security policy (ISP). Previous studies have mainly explored the effects of command‐and‐control and self‐regulatory approaches on employee ISP compliance. However, how social influence at both individual and organizational levels impacts the effectiveness of these two approaches has not been adequately explored. This study proposes a social contingency model in which a rules‐oriented ethical climate (employee perception of a rules‐adherence environment) at the organizational level and susceptibility to interpersonal influence (employees observing common practices via peer interactions) at the individual level interact with both command‐and‐control and self‐regulatory approaches to affect ISP compliance. Using employee survey data, we found that these two social influence factors weaken the effects of both command‐and‐control and self‐regulatory approaches on ISP compliance. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Efficacy and safety of TNF blockers and of ustekinumab in palmoplantar pustulosis and in acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau
Authors: Husson B. , Barbe C. , Hegazy S. , Seneschal J. , Aubin F. , Mahé E. , Jullien D. , Sbidian E. , D'Incan M. , Conrad C. , Brenaut E. , Girard C. , Richard M.A. , Bachelez H. , Viguier M. ,   For the « Groupe de Recherche sur le Psoriasis » de la Société Française de Dermatologie
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPalmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) and acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) are rare variants of psoriasis. Knowledge of the efficacy of biologics is scarce.ObjectivesTo evaluate the real‐life efficacy of tumour necrosis factor blockers and ustekinumab in PPP and in ACH.MethodsA multicentre retrospective descriptive study was conducted in 19 dermatology departments, including all patients with PPP or ACH seen from 2014 to 2016 who received one of the studied biologics. The data were collected by a standardized document. Factors associated with complete clearance (CC) were analysed by multivariate analysis, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAmong 92 patients included, 50 received adalimumab, 44 ustekinumab, 36 etanercept and 31 infliximab. Improvement and CC were observed in 83.9% and 20.0% patients receiving infliximab, 75.0% and 38.6% ustekinumab, 57.1% and 20.0% etanercept and 60.4% and 29.2% adalimumab. We found no significant difference in CC rates or duration of treatment among the biological treatments (P = 0.18 and P = 0.10, respectively). On multivariate analysis, CC with etanercept was associated with the ACH form and not smoking [OR = 9.5 (95% CI 1.1–82.7), P = 0.04 and 0.1 (0.01–0.9), P = 0.04]; with ustekinumab, male sex and absence of obesity [6.0 (1.3–28.6), P = 0.02 and 4.7 (1.0–22.7), P = 0.05]; with adalimumab, the ACH form [11.9 (2.7–52.3), P = 0.001]; and with infliximab, obesity [5.6 (1.1–29.4), P = 0.04].ConclusionsWe found no difference in efficacy between TNF blockers and ustekinumab and among the three different TNF blockers in real life for PPP or ACH, which reveals the heterogeneity of clinical response to biologics in pustular psoriasis as compared with plaque psoriasis.
Incompletely excised lentigo maligna melanoma is associated with unpredictable residual disease: clinical features and the emerging role of reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Navarrete‐Dechent C. , Aleissa S. , Cordova M. , Liopyris K. , Lee E.H. , Rossi A.M. , Hollman T. , Pulitzer M. , Lezcano C. , Busam K.J. , Marghoob A.A. , Chen C.‐C.J. , Nehal K.S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLentigo maligna/lentigo maligna melanoma (LM/LMM) poses a treatment and surgical challenge given unpredictable subclinical extension resulting in incomplete excision.ObjectivesTo describe the demographic, clinical and pathologic characteristics of incompletely excised LM/LMM. To evaluate the potential role of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM).Patients and methodsA retrospective review of a melanoma database at a tertiary cancer centre for patients referred with ‘incompletely excised LM/LMM’ or ‘incompletely excised melanoma’ between October 2006 and July 2017. We recorded clinical and pathological data and surgical margins needed to clear the residual LM/LMM. The second part consisted of a prospective cohort of patients in which RCM was performed when presenting with incompletely excised LM/LMM.ResultsWe included a total of 67 patients (retrospective + prospective cohort); mean age was 64.9 (standard deviation: 11.3) years and 52.2% were males. For the retrospective cohort (n = 53), the mean scar size was 3.4 cm. The average initial margins excised prior to presentation were 4.8 mm (range 3–7 mm). The average additional margin needed to clear the residual, incompletely excised LM/LMM was 7.8 mm. For the prospective cohort (n = 14), there were no differences in age, gender or size when compared to the retrospective cohort. RCM had a diagnostic accuracy of 78.6%, a sensitivity of 90.9%, a specificity of 33.3% and a positive predictive value of 83.3% for the detection of incompletely excised LM/LMM.ConclusionsIncompletely excised LM/LMM is a poorly characterized clinical–pathological scenario that may require considerable extra margins for microscopic clearance. RCM may emerge as a valuable tool for the evaluation of patients with incompletely excised LM/LMM.
Effectiveness of cultural competence educational interventions on health professionals and patient outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Chae Duckhee , Kim Jinhee , Kim Suhee , Lee Jina , Park Seojin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeThis systematic review aimed to identify, appraise, and synthesize the best available evidence for the effectiveness of cultural competence educational interventions on health professional and patient outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomized and non‐randomized controlled trials. We searched seven electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and four Korean databases in June 2018. Studies that provided cultural competence educational interventions for health professionals and measured the impact on health professional outcomes, patient outcomes, or both were included. A narrative synthesis of study findings was performed.ResultsEleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies used a randomized (n = 5) and a non‐randomized controlled trial (n = 6) design and were conducted in the USA (n = 7), South Korea (n = 3), and Sweden (n = 1). Cultural competence education was provided mostly to those of single occupations, nurses (n = 5) or physicians (n = 4). The delivery mode was classroom (n = 7), online (n = 3), or blended learning (n = 1), using mainly lectures, discussions, and case studies as teaching and learning methods. Education duration ranged from less than 1 hr to 3 days. Nine studies reported significantly improved health professional outcomes compared to the control group. Patient outcomes were reported in three studies. Only one study reported significant effect on patient satisfaction (d = 0.94) and trust (d = 0.71). There was no significant effect on patient physiological outcomes.ConclusionsCultural competence educational interventions had a positive effect on health professional outcomes. There is a considerable lack of research assessing patient outcomes, and there is limited evidence on whether interventions can change patient outcomes.
Gene family expansion of pinewood nematode to detoxify its host defence chemicals
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yu Haiying , Lv Yunxue , Bushley Kathryn E. , Wickham Jacob D. , Gao Shenghan , Hu Songnian , Zhao Lilin , Sun Jianghua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGene gain/loss in the context of gene family dynamics plays an important role in evolutionary processes as organisms, particularly invasive species, adapt to new environments or niches. One notable example of this is the duplication of digestive proteases in some parasitic insects and helminths to meet nutritional requirements during animal parasitism. However, whether gene family expansion participates in the adaptation of a plant parasite nematode to its host remains unknown. Here, we compared the newly sequenced genomes of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, with the genomes of free‐living, animal‐parasitic and plant‐parasitic nematodes. The results showed gene expansions occurring in 51 gene families in B. xylophilus, especially in xenobiotic detoxification pathways, including flavin monooxygenase (FMO), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), short chain dehydrogenase (SDR), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST). Although a majority of these expansions probably resulted from gene duplications, nine ADH genes were potentially acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from fungi. From the transcriptomes of B. xylophilus treated with pine saplings and terpenes, candidate xenobiotic detoxification genes were identified. We propose that host defence chemicals led to gene family expansions of xenobiotic detoxification pathways in B. xylophilus facilitating its survival in pine resin ducts. This study contributes to a better understanding of how a parasitic nematode adapts to its host.
The feasibility of locating the affected bone of BRONJ with indocyanine green
Authors: Xia Cheng-wan , Pan Jiong‐ru , Fan Lei , Xiao Qi , Pu Yumei , Wang Yu‐Xin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe morbidity of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is also increasing with the use of bisphosphonates (BPs). Removing affected bone accurately is the most effective treatment. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of Indocyanine green (ICG)‐based Near‐Infrared fluorescence (NIF) imaging to remove BRONJ affected bone. Firstly, the rat model of BRONJ was constructed. And 5 mg/kg ICG were injected via tail vein, after 12 hr, the affected and healthy bone were dissected for ICG‐based NIF imaging and quantification detection of fluorescence intensity. Finally, all the bone samples were sent for further pathological examination. All the affected bone tissues in rat BRONJ model were fluorescence developed with ICG. And the fluorescence developed regions were further confirmed as affected bone tissues with pathological examination. The fluorescence intensity in affected bone tissues, adjacent, and opposite bone tissues was 1.93*107 ± 2.08*106, 1.19*106 ± 2.33*105, and 1.24*106 ± 1.57*105, respectively (p < .05). Conclusions It was feasible that the extent of affected bone in rat model with BRONJ could be estimated intraoperative via ICG‐based NIF imaging. This novel approach would become an auxiliary method in the treatment of patients with BRONJ in the future.
Numerical Simulation of Steam Flow Inside the Superheater Section of An Industrial Boiler Using a Real Gas Model
Authors: Kanungo Deepak Kumar , Sahu Kirti Chandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Flow mal-distribution inside manifolds hampers the overall efficiency of processes in industries. In supercritical boilers, improper flow of steam inside the superheater (SH) section is a common cause of thermal accidents. However, carrying out a numerical simulation of supercritical fluids flowing inside manifolds is challenging as the ideal gas law does not describe the behavior of these fluids properly. In the present work, numerical simulation of the flow of supercritical steam inside the superheater section of an industrial boiler has been performed using a real gas model. The proposed real gas model is first validated with experimental data associated with the steam properties. Subsequently, the effect of different inlet and outlet arrangements on the flow mal-distribution of steam in the superheater section of the boiler is investigated numerically using the real gas model. A modified inlet and outlet arrangement of the superheater header is proposed which reduces the maximum value of flow mal-distribution in the header by 19.7% and total pressure drop in the domain by 17%. The effect of the Reynolds number on flow mal-distribution in the header arrangement is found to be negligible. The absolute value of the heat absorption by the superheater tubes increases with an increase in the value of the Reynolds number.
An Automated Kinematic Measurement System for Sagittal Plane Murine Head Impacts
Authors: McInnes Kurt A. , Abebe Zelalem A. , Whyte Thomas , Bashir Asma , Barron Carlos , Wellington Cheryl L. , Cripton Peter A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injuries are typically caused by nonpenetrating head impacts that accelerate the skull and result in deformation of the brain within the skull. The shear and compressive strains caused by these deformations damage neural and vascular structures and impair their function. Accurate head acceleration measurements are necessary to define the nature of the insult to the brain. A novel murine head tracking system was developed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of kinematic measurements obtained with high-speed videography. A three-dimensional (3D)-printed marker carrier was designed for rigid fixation to the upper jaw and incisors with an elastic strap around the snout. The system was evaluated by impacting cadaveric mice with the closed head impact model of engineered rotational acceleration (CHIMERA) system using an energy of 0.7 J (5.29 m/s). We compared the performance of the head-marker system to the previously used skin-tracking method and documented significant improvements in measurement repeatability (aggregate coefficient of variation (CV) within raters from 15.8 to 1.5 and between raters from 15.5 to 1.5), agreement (aggregate percentage error from 24.9 to 8.7), and temporal response (aggregate temporal curve agreement from 0.668 to 0.941). Additionally, the new system allows for automated software tracking, which dramatically decreases the analysis time required (74% reduction). This novel head tracking system for mice offers an efficient, reliable, and real-time method to measure head kinematics during high-speed impacts using CHIMERA or other rodent or small mammal head impact models.