bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Injury Presenting in Emergency Department of Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Pradhananga Sneha , Shrestha Trishna , Batajoo Kabita Hada , Bajracharya Manjita 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Pediatric injury is one of the common emergencies encountered in the emergency department. It is emerging as leading cause of death and disabilities in children. This study aims to analyze the patterns of pediatric injury based on age group, gender, mode, type, place of injury and its outcome.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Emergency Department of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 1st May 2019 to 30th July 2019. A total of 110 patients aged 15 years and below and with history of trauma were included in this study.
Results: A hundred and ten pediatric patients presented to emergency with injuries. Majority of pediatric trauma cases belonged to age group 1-5 years (38.2%, n=42) and more frequent in male children (66.4%, n=73) .In both gender, male (45.5%, n=50) and female (17.3%, n=19); fall was most common mode of injury followed by accidental cut injury (7.3%,n=8) in male and road traffic accident (6.4%,n=7) in female. Most of the cases sustained soft tissue injury (32.7%, n=36) followed by cut injury (26.4%, n=29) and fracture (16.4%, n=18). Common place of injury was found to be at home (64.5%, n=71). Majority were discharged (n=100; 90.9%), Nine (8.2 %) were admitted and one expired (0.9 %) expired.
Conclusion: Fall injuries are the major mode of injury encountered in both male and female children. Injuries tend to occur more at home than school. Children should be adequately supervised at home and school.
Estimation of Stature from Finger Length Based on the Correlation
Authors: Yadav Shekhar Kumar , Shakya Shuvechha 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Estimation of stature is of paramount importance in verifying the identity of an individual from the bodily remains, often after any kind of mass disaster, explosion or intentional cuts and dismantling we encounter very few bodily parts. The objective of the present study was to estimate stature from the measurement of finger length based on the principle of correlation.
Methods: The present study consisted of 300 individuals (150 male and 150 female) of age group 18 to 26 years during the period of August 2017 to August 2018. Stature and finger length of individuals were measured by using stadiometer and digital caliper respectively. Data were analyzed by using statistical software SPSS-22.
Results: A positive and highly significant (p<0.01) correlation was observed in both genders. Linear regression equation for stature estimation was derived using finger length and checked for their accuracy by comparing the estimated stature to measured stature. The result shows no significant difference between estimated and measured stature.
Conclusions: The results indicate that the finger length provides reliable means of estimating the stature of an unknown individual based on the principle of correlation. Hence it can be of significant help in establishing the identity of an individual.
Outcome of Titanium Elastic Nailing in the Surgical Management of Femoral-Shaft Fracture in Children
Authors: Maharjan Rajram , Bisht Rishi , Pariyar Dipesh 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Femoral shaft fracture is one of the most common orthopedic injuries of the children. These fractures treated non-operatively by traction followed by hip spica require prolonged hospitalization causing undue physical and psychological stress for patient and patient family. Loss of reduction is also commonly seen with hip spica that leads to unacceptable complications like angular deformities and limb length discrepancies. Titanium Elastic Nailing (TEN) is becoming widely accepted treatment for femoral shaft fractures in children due to its simplicity and physeal protective stable load sharing construct that allows early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to see the outcome of operative treatment of femoral shaft fracture in children by TEN.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Orthopedics in National Academy of Medical Sciences, National Trauma Center from February 2017 to January 2019. Study was undertaken in 22 children between the age group of 5-14 years with femoral shaft fractures. Fixation with TEN was done for all fractures within nine days of injury. Patients were assessed radiologically as well as clinically until fractures healed. The results were evaluated using Flynn scoring criteria.
Results: Radiological union was seen in all cases between 6–12 weeks after surgery. The mean operating time was 58 (48-115) minute and mean hospital stay after surgery was 9 (6-15) days. Results were excellent in 14 patients (63.63%), satisfactory in 6 patients (27.37%) & poor in 2 patients (9%). Six patients had skin irritation at nail insertion site which resolved after removal of nails. Functional range of motion in both hip and knee joints of affected limb was preserved in all cases after the removal of nails.
Conclusion: TEN is an effective and safe treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children of 5-14 years of age group.
Perspective of Undergraduate Students on Virtual Teaching in Medical Education
Authors: Batajoo Kabita Hada , Pradhanaga Sneha , Shrestha Trishna , Bajracharya Manjita , Pandey Bindu K.C. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Global pandemic of Novel corona virus (Covid 19) has become a public health emergency with multidimensional effect including education system. World has implemented physical distancing by “lockdown” strategy leading to disruption of normal routines of academic institutions. Medical students are bound to adapt web based online education system however; virtual teaching has both opportunities as well as challenges that needs to be explored for better medical education ahead.
Methods: This is an observational cross sectional survey conducted on 9th batch MBBS 4th year students of KIST medical college and teaching hospital. The online survey was done by google form via emails and responses were complied on Microsoft database Excel program.
Result: Out of 93 students 88 (95.44%) responded comprising 63.6% female and 36.4% male. Among them 54.5% were from within the valley whereas 45.5% were from outside the valley. 26.1% found virtual teaching was very effective with several opportunities however 58% thought online classes were slightly effective. 65.9% found 45min duration is appropriate per session.
Conclusion: During the Covid pandemic, virtual online teaching has been alternative mode for continuity of medical education which can be attended from safe environment of home with proper utilization of time.
Early Psychical Research Reference Works: Remarks on Nandor Fodor’s Encyclopaedia of Psychic Science
Authors: Alvarado Carlos S. 
Published: December 2020

Some early reference works about psychic phenomena have included bibliographies, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and general overview books. A particularly useful one, and the focus of the present article, is Nandor Fodor’s Encyclopaedia of Psychic Science (n.d., ca. 1933 or 1934). The encyclopedia has more than 900 alphabetically arranged entries. These cover phenomena such as apparitions, auras, automatic writing, clairvoyance, hauntings, materialization, poltergeists, premonitions, psychometry, and telepathy, but also mediums and psychics, researchers and writers, magazines and journals, organizations, theoretical ideas, and other topics. In addition to the content of this work, and some information about its author, it is argued that the Encyclopaedia is a good reference work for the study of developments before its publication, even though it has some omissions and bibliographical problems.
Keywords: Encyclopaedia of Psychic Science; Nandor Fodor; psychical research reference works; history of psychical research
Dealing with the Experimenter Effect
Authors: Bierman Dick , Jolij Jacob J. 
Published: December 2020

Methods in experimental science assume objective facts, and those effects are generally independent of the observer or experimenter. This objectivity assumption is not warranted in the field of human studies. Results of psychological experiments tend to be dependent on among other things the expectations of the experimenter. The experimenter effect togther with the replication crisis in social psychology are major issues in experimental parapsychology. We use Houtkooper's Hierarchical Observational Theory to look at a model for dealing with this issue, and conclude that multiple-experimenter projects might be able to sort out experimenter effects from intrinisic effects.
Keywords: experimenter effect; replication crisis; psi; parapsychology
The Decline of Magic: Britain in the Enlightenment by Michael Hunter
Authors: Gauld Alan 
Published: December 2020

In the preface to this very Scholarly – and sometimes almost confusingly well-informed - book the author tells us that his aim is to offer “a fresh view of the change in educated attitudes towards magical beliefs that occurred in Britain between about 1650 and 1750.” In this he unquestionably succeeds. Actually the book continues somewhat beyond the later date, but there can be no doubt that there were changes – mostly declines - during the designated period in many of the miscellaneous human beliefs and activities that have for whatever reason been labelled as ‘magic’ or ‘magical’.
Hunter begins the body of his book with a chapter–length Introduction entitled The Supernatural, Science and ‘Atheism’. This opens with an attempt to define what he means by ‘magic’, based, he says, on the similar attempt made by Sir Keith Thomas in his classic Religion and the Decline of Magic (1971), though unlike Thomas he very wisely does not include alchemy and astrology. Even so he includes quite a wide variety of topics, so wide indeed that it is hard to see what if anything these phenomena – if they do indeed occur – could have in common except that they are difficult to explain, or to explain away, in ordinarily accepted terms. The proposed list includes such matters as witchcraft, witch covens, involvement with the spiritual realm (good or evil, angelic or demonic, benevolent or pestilential) possession. conjuration, prophesies, ghosts, apparitions, fairies, omens and lucky charms, and what would now be called poltergeists. Other varieties of curious events linked to or supposedly similar to the above could in practice no doubt get included.
Illocutionary Acts in Religious Discourse: The Pragmatics of Nouman Ali Khan’s Speeches
Authors: Akmal Saiful , Fitriah Fitriah , Zafirah Haya 
Published: December 2020

The present inquiry is designed to investigate the use of illocutionary acts in Nouman Ali Khan’s speeches and to analyse the functions of the types of illocutionary acts from the speeches. The data were analysed by using the textual analysis and open coding from three speeches by Nouman Ali Khan in a seminar titled “When Muslims Works Together” at the Islamic Association of North Texas (IANT). They are classified into some categories based on Searle’s theory. The finding of this study showed that (1) there are four types of illocutionary acts; representatives, directives, commissives, and expressives, (2) the illocutionary type of representatives is the most frequent types of illocutionary act appeared in the speeches, i.e., 306 utterances or 63.22% with five functions; informing, stating, describing, reminding and concluding, (3) then, the second most frequently types of illocutionary act appeared in the speeches was the illocutionary directives, i.e., 144 utterances or 29.75% with five functions; suggesting, commanding, inviting, forbidding and questioning, (4) the illocutionary commissives occurred in 22 utterances or 4.55% with two functions; promising and warning., (5) the illocutionary expressives are found in 12 utterances or 2.48% with two functions; praising and expressing hope or wish. This study implies the need for knowledge distribution of Searle’s classic speech acts concept within the scope of other contemporary Muslim preachers.
Tropkina, N., ed. (2019). <i>East–West: The space of the local text in literature and folklore: A collection of scholarly articles marking Prof. A. K. Goldenberg’s 70th birth anniversary.</i> Volgograd: VGSPU ‘Peremena.’ (In Russ.)
Authors: Kulagin A. V. 
Published: December 2020

The reviewer considers the main areas of scholarly research represented in the collection of articles titled East–West... [Vostok – Zapad...] dedicated to the Volgograd-based researcher A. Goldenberg and compiled from the materials of the 2018 conference of the same name. The papers include general theoretical research into the problem of artistic space and studying Gogol’s works in this aspect, and articles on the ‘TsaritsynVolgograd’ text in literature and on the relevant aspects of the literary tradition. A significant part of the papers contains analyses of western and eastern influences on works of Russian literature. The reviewer holds an overall complimentary view of the materials in the collection, acknowledging their thematic and methodological diversity and stressing the importance and rich potential of studying literature and folklore within the framework proposed by the authors and editors of this collection.
Testing the Relationship of Employee Empowerment and Organisational Performance
Authors: Badjie Gibriel , Thoyib Armanu , Hadiwidjojo Djumilah , Rofiq Ainur 
Published: December 2020

The research aimed to test the new measures of employee empowerment in a collectively social oriented society. The study applied questionnaire-based survey to obtain data and test the relationship between employee empowerment and organisational performance. A total of 80 completed questionnaires from the senior HR personnel from 40 organisations in the Gambia took part in the survey. Ten employees were engaged in a face-to-face interview, 2 private and 8 public organisations from among the 40 organisations that participated. Both SPSS and SmartPLS were utilised to analyse data. MGA is used to determine the difference private and public organisations. The study has indicated a significant relationship between employee empowerment and organisational performance. The findings revealed a small but not significant difference between the private and public organisations in their definition of employee empowerment in the Gambia based on MGA report. The findings discovered that the social nature of employees cannot be disputed, and a strong recognition of employees promotes organisation performance. HR department and organisational flexibility relates more to employee’s empowerment and has effect on attitude and behaviour. The study recommends further large-scale research in other environments outside the Gambia.
Teknik Pembelajaran Detik Smart Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Keterampilan Pemeliharaan Mesin Kendaraan Ringan
Authors: Nurdiyanto Nanang 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan keterampilan memelihara mesin kendaraan ringan, menggunakan teknik Detik Smart (Membuat Video Praktik Dengan Smartphone). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2019, di kelas XII Otomotif B (OB) SMK Negeri 1 Magelang tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 semester gasal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tindakan kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi untuk mendapatkan data tentang keaktifan siswa. Sedangkan untuk mendapatkan data keterampilan memelihara mesin kendaraan ringan, penelitian ini menggunakan tes unjuk kerja praktik. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif yang dilanjutkan refleksi. Pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung dua siklus.
Siklus I berisi tindakan yang berupa proses belajar mengajar menggunakan teknik pembelajaran Detiksmart secara kelompok, yaitu satu kelompok mengumpulkan 1 video. Pada siklus II, pembelajaran disempurnakan dengan proses belajar mengajar yang menggunakan teknik pembelajaran Detiksmart secara individu, yaitu setiap satu siswa mengerjakan laporan dan mengumpulkan 1 video praktik.
Hasil tindakan diperoleh bahwa penggunaan teknik Detik Smart mampu meningkatkan keaktifan praktik memelihara mesin kendaraan ringan. Skor rata-rata kelas meningkat dari kondisi awal sebesar 67% menjadi 76% pada siklus I dan menjadi 83% pada siklus II. Skor tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kondisi rata-rata keaktifan siswa meningkat dari kategori kurang aktif menjadi aktif. Selain itu, penggunaan teknik Detik Smart ternyata juga mampu meningkatkan keterampilan memelihara mesin kendaraan ringan. Sedangkan nilai keterampilan siswa-siswa tersebut pada kondisi awal diperoleh sebesar 73,20. Setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata kelas naik menjadi 78,75. Kemudian pada siklus II juga naik menjadi 81,30. Nilai terendah pada kondisi awal 40,25 naik menjadi 73,50. Sedangkan nilai tertinggi pada kondisi awal 82,50 naik menjadi 91,50 pada siklus II.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing (Guided Inquiry) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kimia pada Siswa SMK
Authors: Mujiyati Mujiyati 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kimia dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran ikuiri terbimbing (guided inquiry) pada siswa kelas XEA SMK Negeri 1 Magelang Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dalam 2 siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui tes dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran ikuiri terbimbing (guided inquiry) dan optimalisasi tugas terstruktur dengan hasil belajar kimia dan pembentukan karakter yang baik pada siswa.
Sexual Health Literacy, a Strategy for the Challenges of Sexual Life of Infertile Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Rakhshaee Zahra , Maasoumi Raziyeh , Nedjat Saharnaz , Khakbazan Zohreh 
Published: December 2020

Background: Sexual health literacy enables an understanding and application of sexual health information and has benefits beyond health. Health literacy is an important element for achieving cognitive skills in health promotion. One of the most important problems in sexual health and sexual function in women is infertility. This study aims to explore the dimensions of sexual health literacy among women with infertility. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, a total of 18 individual interviews with 15 Iranian women with infertility, and three key informants, were conducted in infertility centers in Rasht (the North of Iran). Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews using interview guide questions. Data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. Results: Five themes emerged: informational needs of sexual health, information seeking, informational perception, validation of information, and information application. Sexual issues are taboo in Iranian culture. They are not taught in health and educational centers. All the participants believed that there was a lack of information about the sexual response cycle, preventing sexually transmitted infections, targeted intercourse, and consequences of infertility in sexual life. Participants mentioned the embarrassment, privacy, and lack of centers for sexual health as information-seeking barriers. Searching different sources and questioning the informants were ways for understanding information. Women evaluated the accuracy of the information by considering the validity of the source of information, comparing information from different sources, and asking the experts. They applied the information received about sexual health, satisfaction, and especially targeted intercourse to increase the chance of pregnancy. Conclusion: Sexual health literacy in infertile women includes different dimensions. It can help promote sexual health, satisfaction, and increasing the chance of pregnancy. [GMJ.2020;9:e1862]
‘Warrior fighting two wars’: Life of ‘Abdallah ibn al-Mubarak in the ‘Attar’s Memorial of God’s Friends
Authors: Chalisova N. Yu. 
Published: December 2020

The publication presents the first translation into Russian of the 15th chapter from the hagiographic collection by Farid ad-Din ʻAttar (d. ca. 1221 AD) Memorial of God’s friends (Taẕkiratu’l-awliyā) originally written in Persian. The chapter deals with biography, exploits and sayings of ʻAbdallah b. al-Mubarak of Khorasan, a recognized collector and transmitter of hadith, a renown ascetic, successful merchant, and severe warrior, but first of all a devoted and true worshiper (ʻābid) of God. The translation has been completed from the critical edition by Muhammad Esteʻlami. It is introduced by short preface, which provides basic information on Ibn Mubarak’s life and his place in the tradition of Muslim piety. The translation is supplied with historical and linguistic commentary. The tranlator stresses the fact that although being constructed on Arabic sources the actual narrative created by ʻAttar fits into the framework of Iranian hagiography. In describing the life and deeds of ʻAbdallah b. al-Mubarak of Khorasan ʻAttar created an Iranian version of the “Sufi prototype”. He emphasized features, such as humility, self-abasement, miracle-working, and participation in miraculous events.
Eksplorasi Jenis-Jenis Ikan di Perairan Danau Lindu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Rahma Nurfadilah , Trianto Manap 
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Fish are defined as vertebrates that live in water with characteristics of gills that function to take dissolve oxygen from water and fins used for swimming. This research aims to determine the species of fish that exist in Lindu Lake, Central Sulawesi Province. The method used is purposive sampling by using fishing gear net, fishing line and seser. Base on the result of this research was found 10 species of fish consisting of 9 Ordo and 6 Family, namely Oreochromis mossabicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus caprio, Anabas testudineus, Osphroneus gourami, Anguilla marmorate, Aplocheilus panchax, Clarias batrachus, Channa striata and Puntius gonionatus. Abstrak: Ikan merupakan hewan bertulang belakang yang hidup di air dengan karakteristik memiliki insang yang berfungsi untuk mengambil oksigen terlarut dari air dan sirip yang digunakan untuk berenang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis ikan yang terdapat di Perairan Danau Lindu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan menggunakan alat tangkap, pancing, dan seser. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 10 jenis ikan yang terdiri dari 9 ordo dan 6 family. Spesies ikan yang di peroeleh yaitu Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio, Anabas testudineus, Osphronemus gourami, Anguilla marmorat, Aplocheilus panchax, Clarias batrachus, Channa striata dan Puntius gonionatus.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGATURAN ABORTUS PROVOKATUS TERHADAP KORBAN PEMERKOSAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Shahrullah Rina Shahriyani , Elza Syarief  , Lu Sudirman  , Tedy Surya  
Published: December 2020

Abortion or abortus provokatus constitutes a termination of pregnancy before the time of delivery. The objective of the study is to ascertain if the Abortion-related Health Law is a realistic rule based on the health aspects, as well as to analyze how long it should be allowed by the Health Law to perform an abortion according to medical criteria. The study uses a method of normative legal research. It concludes that the Health Law pertaining abortion is a realistic rule based on health aspects. Yet, it is necessary to revise the abortion rules due to rape incidents. The rules permits the abortion if the gestational age is 6 (six) weeks or 40 (forty) days. It is calculated from the first day of the last period. It suggests that the gestational age should be 12 (twelve) weeks or 3 (three) months from the first day of the last period.

Keywords: Abortus Provocatus, Legal Protection, Rape Victims