bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric testing of the Chinese version of Self‐Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory
Authors: Chen Zi , Chen Yuan , Geng Jing , Wang Mian , Yu Huidan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo psychometrically test the Chinese version of Self‐Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory.BackgroundSelf‐care is a significant step to impede the progression of coronary heart disease and serves as the primary outcome in self‐care interventions. In China, however, no instrument is available to measure self‐care in patients with coronary heart disease. To address this gap, we introduce the Self‐Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory into China.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsWe translated the inventory into Chinese using standardized methods. Then, it was psychometrically tested on a convenience sample of 301 patients with coronary heart disease (October 2017 to May 2018). Construct validity was evaluated via exploratory factor analysis and testing hypotheses. Internal consistency reliability was measured with Cronbach's alpha or composite reliability.ResultsBoth self‐care maintenance and management subscales showed a two‐factor structure, whereas self‐care confidence subscale showed a one‐dimension structure. All subscales were significantly correlated with associated variables (disease‐related knowledge and perceived control). The internal consistency reliability for all three subscales was acceptable.ConclusionThe Chinese version showed acceptable psychometric properties when applied to the sample group of this study. It is recommended for use in self‐care interventions targeting coronary heart disease.
Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring overweight in U.S.‐born children
Authors: Smart Shirley J. , Nikaj Aurela N. , Yu Lili , Li Hongxia , Yan Fei , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe criticism of the literature on smoking during pregnancy and offspring overweight was the confounding from postnatal factors. Interaction between gestational age and prenatal maternal smoking has not yet assessed.MethodsWe used the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988‐1994), linked with natality files of US‐born singletons aged 2 to 6 years. A body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher were considered overweight, including obesity. Gestational age was dichotomized as preterm (<37 weeks, n = 240) or full‐term (n = 2125). Smoking status during pregnancy was ascertained by a questionnaire‐based interview during National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ResultsThe prevalence of offspring overweight and obesity combined was 17.3% (SE = 1.3%). And 24.0% (1.3%) of mothers smoked while pregnant. A significant interaction was observed between maternal smoking and gestational age. In preterm children, a higher prevalence of overweight (34.3% [6.7%]) was found among the offspring of smoking mothers compared to non‐smoking mothers (15.8% [3.6%]). After adjustment for socio‐demographics, prenatal and postnatal factors, in preterm born offspring, the odds ratio of being born to smoking mothers was 2.46 (95% confidence intervals: 1.13‐5.37) among children with overweight/obesity compared to children with healthy weight born to non‐smoking mothers. In full‐term children, the OR of being born to smoking mothers was 0.72 (0.50‐1.03) among offspring with overweight/obesity relative to offspring with healthy weight born to non‐smoking mothers.ConclusionsMaternal smoking during pregnancy was strongly associated with offspring overweight and obesity in preterm births after control for postnatal factors. Preterm children of smoking mothers should be prioritized for obesity prevention.
Impression management and overclaiming on job applications: Related to future sales performance?
Authors: Watts Logan L. , Kuzmich Irina , Leung Desmond W. , Gibson Carter , Barsa Andrew 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite decades of research on the role of socially desirable responding (SDR) in hiring contexts, it remains unclear whether job applicant SDR is related to future employee performance. Drawing on a large sample of 1,084 retail sales employees and their original job application data, this study examined the predictive validity of two operationalizations of SDR: (a) impression management captured using a personality scale and (b) overclaiming familiarity with a list of products that were directly relevant to the job. Neither measure was used to inform the hiring decisions. Results showed that job applicant impression management and overclaiming were unrelated to four indicators of future sales performance as employees. Implications for organizational selection policies involving applicant SDR are discussed.
Impact of second transurethral resection on recurrence in patients with high‐grade Ta bladder cancer
Authors: Taoka Rikiya , Matsuoka Yuki , Kohashiguchi Kana , Miura Takayoshi , Tohi Yoichiro , Miyauchi Yasuyuki , Kato Takuma , Tsunemori Hiroyuki , Ueda Nobufumi , Kakehi Yoshiyuki , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo clarify the potential therapeutic benefit of a second transurethral resection for high‐grade Ta bladder cancer.MethodsFrom January 2009 to August 2019, 521 patients with bladder tumors underwent initial transurethral resection procedures at Kagawa University Hospital. Patients diagnosed with high‐grade Ta bladder cancer considered to have been resected completely were included in this study. Recurrence and progression rates were compared between patients who received a second transurethral resection and those who did not.ResultsWe identified 97 eligible patients, including 22 patients who received a second transurethral resection. In terms of clinical characteristics, the proportion of patients with bladder cancer and upper urinary tract tumor history was lower in the second transurethral resection group than in the no second transurethral resection group (P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). The histopathological findings of 22 transurethral resection procedures were no cancer in 13 (59.2%), Ta in six (27.2%) and carcinoma in situ in three patients (13.6%). After the second transurethral resection, one patient (4.6%) had recurrent high‐grade T1 bladder cancer. The no second transurethral resection group showed a 44% recurrence rate (33 patients), including five patients (6.7%) with progression, and consequently, had a higher rate of recurrence than in the second transurethral resection group (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that no second transurethral resection was the independent predictive factor influencing recurrence (hazard ratio 8.662, P = 0.04). The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that a second transurethral resection significantly decreased the recurrence rate than that of patients without a second transurethral resection (P < 0.01).ConclusionsA second transurethral resection can reduce the recurrence rate in high‐grade Ta bladder cancer, showing a possible therapeutic benefit of this procedure.
Variation in genes implicated in B‐cell development and antibody production affects susceptibility to pemphigus
Authors: Calonga‐Solís Verónica , Amorim Leonardo M. , Farias Ticiana D. J. , Petzl‐Erler Maria Luiza , Malheiros Danielle , Augusto Danillo G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease characterized by the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies against desmoglein 1, a component of intercellular desmosome junctions. PF occurs sporadically across the globe and is endemic in some Brazilian regions. Because PF is a B‐cell‐mediated disease, we aimed to study the impact of variants within genes encoding molecules involved in the different steps of B‐cell development and antibody production on the susceptibility of endemic PF. We analysed 3,336 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 167 candidate genes genotyped with Illumina microarray in a cohort of 227 PF patients and 193 controls. After quality control and exclusion of non‐informative and redundant SNPs, 607 variants in 149 genes remained in the logistic regression analysis, in which sex and ancestry were included as covariates. Our results revealed 10 SNPs within or nearby 11 genes that were associated with susceptibility to endemic PF (OR >1.56; p < 0.005): rs6657275*G (TGFB2); rs1818545*A (RAG1/RAG2/IFTAP);rs10781530*A (PAXX), rs10870140*G and rs10781522*A (TRAF2); rs535068*A (TNFRSF1B); rs324011*A (STAT6);rs6432018*C (YWHAQ); rs17149161*C (YWHAG); and rs2070729*C (IRF1). Interestingly, these SNPs have been previously associated with differential gene expression, mostly in peripheral blood, in publicly available databases. For the first time, we show that polymorphisms in genes involved in B‐cell development and antibody production confer differential susceptibility to endemic PF, and therefore are candidates for possible functional studies to understand immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and its impact on diseases.
A splice acceptor variant in HLA‐DRA affects the conformation and cellular localization of the class II DR alpha‐chain
Authors: Didonna Alessandro , Damotte Vincent , Shams Hengameh , Matsunaga Atsuko , Caillier Stacy J. , Dandekar Ravi , Misra Maneesh K. , Mofrad Mohammad R. K. , Oksenberg Jorge R. , Hollenbach Jill A. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryClass II human leucocyte antigen (HLA) proteins are involved in the immune response by presenting pathogen‐derived peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. At the molecular level, they are constituted by α/β‐heterodimers on the surface of professional antigen‐presenting cells. Here, we report that the acceptor variant (rs8084) in the HLA‐DRA gene mediates the transcription of an alternative version of the α‐chain lacking 25 amino acids in its extracellular domain. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest this isoform undergoes structural refolding which in turn affects its stability and cellular trafficking. The short HLA‐DRA isoform cannot reach the cell surface, although it is still able to bind the corresponding β‐chain. Conversely, it remains entrapped within the endoplasmic reticulum where it is targeted for degradation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the short isoform can be transported to the cell membrane via interactions with the peptide‐binding site of canonical HLA heterodimers. Altogether, our findings indicate that short HLA‐DRA functions as a novel intact antigen for class II HLA molecules.
Predictive Inference Based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo Output
Authors: Krüger Fabian , Lerch Sebastian , Thorarinsdottir Thordis , Gneiting Tilmann 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn Bayesian inference, predictive distributions are typically in the form of samples generated via Markov chain Monte Carlo or related algorithms. In this paper, we conduct a systematic analysis of how to make and evaluate probabilistic forecasts from such simulation output. Based on proper scoring rules, we develop a notion of consistency that allows to assess the adequacy of methods for estimating the stationary distribution underlying the simulation output. We then provide asymptotic results that account for the salient features of Bayesian posterior simulators and derive conditions under which choices from the literature satisfy our notion of consistency. Importantly, these conditions depend on the scoring rule being used, such that the choices of approximation method and scoring rule are intertwined. While the logarithmic rule requires fairly stringent conditions, the continuous ranked probability score yields consistent approximations under minimal assumptions. These results are illustrated in a simulation study and an economic data example. Overall, mixture‐of‐parameters approximations that exploit the parametric structure of Bayesian models perform particularly well. Under the continuous ranked probability score, the empirical distribution function is a simple and appealing alternative option.
Clinical significance of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG detection with a rapid antibody kit for COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Chong Yong , Ikematsu Hideyuki , Tani Naoki , Arimizu Yoko , Watanabe Haruka , Fukamachi Yukako , Yonekawa Akiko , Iwasaka Sho , Nishida Ruriko , Eriguchi Yoshihiro , Miyake Noriko , Shimoda Shinji , Nagasaki Yoji , Shimono Nobuyuki , Akashi Koichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe longitudinal observation of the detection of antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 using antibody kits during the clinical course of COVID‐19 is not yet fully investigated.ObjectivesTo understand the significance of the detection of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, particularly IgG, using a rapid antibody kit, during the clinical course of COVID‐19 patients with different severities.MethodsSixty‐three serum samples from 18 patients (5 asymptomatic and 13 symptomatic patients) were retrospectively examined using a commercial SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM/IgG antibody kit. PCR positivity of patient samples was also examined as a marker of current SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ResultsIgG antibodies were detected in all cases in this study. The IgG detection rates reached 100.0% in samples collected on day 13 or later. IgG seropositivity after an initial negative status was observed in 13 patients (3/5 asymptomatic and 10/13 symptomatic cases). Interestingly, the persistence of both PCR and IgG positivity was detected in seven cases, of which three were asymptomatic. The longest overlap duration of the PCR and IgG positivity was 17 days in asymptomatic status.ConclusionsSARS‐CoV‐2‐specific IgG production can be detected in all infected individuals, using a rapid antibody kit, irrespective of clinical status. However, these findings suggest that, in some infected individuals, particularly those with asymptomatic status, the presence of virus‐specific IgG antibodies does not imply prompt viral clearance.
Optimal routing of multimodal mobility systems with ride‐sharing
Authors: Yu Xiao , Miao Huimin , Bayram Armagan , Yu Meigui , Chen Xi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultimodal transportation systems are a combination of more environmentally friendly shared transport modes including public transport, ride‐sharing, shuttle‐sharing, or even completely carbon‐free modes such as cycling to better meet customer needs. Multimodal mobility solutions are expected to contribute in mitigating traffic congestion and carbon emissions, and to result in savings in costs. They are also expected to improve access to transportation, more specifically for those in rural or low‐populated communities (i.e., difficult to serve by public transportation only). Motivated by its benefits, in this study, we consider the combination of the ride‐sharing and public transportation services and formulate a mixed integer programming model for the multimodal transportation planning problem. We propose a heuristic approach (i.e., angle‐based clustering [AC] algorithm) and compare its efficiency with the exact solution for different settings. We find that the AC algorithm works well in both small and large settings. We further show that the multimodal transportation system with ride‐sharing can yield significant benefits on travel distances and travel times.
The impact of global climate change on the freezing tolerance of winter cereals in Western Canada
Authors: Willick Ian R. , Tanino Karen K. , Gusta Lawrence V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDue to global climate change in Western Canada, winter cereals will be exposed to a higher frequency of winter thaws which will increase crown water and thereby reduce freezing tolerance. Cold‐acclimated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and fall rye (Secale cereale L.) were held at −4°C under a snow cover for up to 120 days and periodically subjected to a dry or wet thaw for 3 days. Freezing tolerance was monitored by either the conventional freezing test (LT50) or the durational freeze test (LD50). There was a gradual loss in LT50 and LD50 in crowns held at −4°C, with the greatest loss after 120 days. The LT50 test could only identify species differences in freezing tolerance whereas LD50 identified cultivar‐specific differences. Rehardened plants previously subjected to a 4°C dry thaw regained an LT50 comparable to non‐thawed plants. Whereas plants exposed to a wet thaw could only partially reharden. The more freezing tolerant fall rye cultivars maintained a lower LT50 under thawing and rehardening conditions as compared with winter wheat. A short winter thaw dramatically reduced crown freezing tolerance. The selection of superior germplasm to tolerate warming winter conditions is an important goal for future winter wheat breeding efforts.
Validation of single‐step GBLUP genomic predictions from threshold models using the linear regression method: An application in chicken mortality
Authors: Bermann Matias , Legarra Andres , Hollifield Mary Kate , Masuda Yutaka , Lourenco Daniela , Misztal Ignacy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine whether the linear regression (LR) method could be used to validate genomic threshold models. Statistics for the LR method were computed from estimated breeding values (EBVs) using the whole and truncated data sets with variances from the reference and validation populations. The method was tested using simulated and real chicken data sets. The simulated data set included 10 generations of 4,500 birds each; genotypes were available for the last three generations. Each animal was assigned a continuous trait, which was converted to a binary score assuming an incidence of failure of 7%. The real data set included the survival status of 186,596 broilers (mortality rate equal to 7.2%) and genotypes of 18,047 birds. Both data sets were analysed using best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP) or single‐step GBLUP (ssGBLUP). The whole data set included all phenotypes available, whereas in the partial data set, phenotypes of the most recent generation were removed. In the simulated data set, the accuracies based on the LR formulas were 0.45 for BLUP and 0.76 for ssGBLUP, whereas the correlations between true breeding values and EBVs (i.e. true accuracies) were 0.37 and 0.65, respectively. The gain in accuracy by adding genomic information was overestimated by 0.09 when using the LR method compared to the true increase in accuracy. However, when the estimated ratio between the additive variance computed based on pedigree only and on pedigree and genomic information was considered, the difference between true and estimated gain was <0.02. Accuracies of BLUP and ssGBLUP with the real data set were 0.41 and 0.47, respectively. This small improvement in accuracy when using ssGBLUP with the real data set was due to population structure and lower heritability. The LR method is a useful tool for estimating improvements in accuracy of EBVs due to the inclusion of genomic information when traditional validation methods as k‐fold validation and predictive ability are not applicable.
Out of the Mediterranean Region: Worldwide biogeography of snapdragons and relatives (tribe Antirrhineae, Plantaginaceae)
Authors: Gorospe Juan Manuel , Monjas David , Fernández‐Mazuecos Mario 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe tribe Antirrhineae, including snapdragons, toadflaxes and relatives, is widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere and the Neotropics. It displays an uneven distribution of diversity, with more than 50% of species and subspecies in the Mediterranean Region. Here we conducted the first detailed, worldwide biogeographic analysis of the Antirrhineae and tested two alternative hypotheses (time‐for‐speciation versus diversification rate differences) to explain the uneven distribution of diversity.LocationWorldwide, with a focus on the Mediterranean Region.TaxonTribe Antirrhineae (Plantaginaceae).MethodsA phylogenetic biogeographic approach was taken, accounting for area connections through time. Ancestral ranges, dispersal events, speciation and lineage accumulation within areas were estimated. Diversification rates for taxa present and absent in the Mediterranean Region were compared, accounting for the effect of a floral key innovation (nectar spur).ResultsA proto‐Mediterranean origin in the Late Eocene was estimated, and the Mediterranean Region stood out as the main centre for speciation and dispersal. Congruent patterns of long‐distance dispersal from the Mediterranean Region to North America were recovered for at least two amphiatlantic clades. A significant floristic exchange between the Mediterranean and south‐western Asia was detected. We found no evidence of different diversification rates between lineages inside and outside the Mediterranean Region.Main conclusionsThe Mediterranean Region played a key role in the origin of the current distribution of the Antirrhineae. However, the higher species richness found in this region appears to be the result of a time‐for‐speciation effect rather than that of increased diversification rates. The establishment of current Mediterranean climates in the Northern Hemisphere appears to have contributed to the recent diversification of the group, in combination with colonization of adjacent regions with arid and semi‐arid climates.
Noise does not equal bias in assessing the evolutionary history of the angiosperm flora of China: A response to Qian (2019)
Authors: Lu Li‐Min , Hu Hai‐Hua , Peng Dan‐Xiao , Liu Bing , Ye Jian‐Fei , Yang Tuo , Li Hong‐Lei , Sun Miao , Smith Stephen A. , Soltis Pamela S. , Soltis Douglas E. , Chen Zhi‐Duan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn response to our paper on the evolutionary history of the Chinese flora, Qian suggests that certain features of the divergence time estimation employed might have led to biased conclusions in Lu et al (2018). Here, we consider Qian's specific criticisms, explore the extent of uncertainty in the data and demonstrate that (i) no systematic bias toward dates that are too young or too old is detected in Lu et al.; (ii) constraint of the crown age of angiosperms does not bias the generic ages estimated by Lu et al.; and (iii) ages derived from the Chinese regional phylogeny do not bias the conclusions reported by Lu et al. All these analyses confirm that the conclusions reported previously are robust. We argue that, like many large‐scale biodiversity analyses, sources of noise in divergence time estimation are to be expected, but these should not be confused with bias.