bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of different phosphoric acids before application of universal adhesive on the dental enamel
Authors: Bernales Sender Francesco Ricardo , Castañeda Vía José Alberto , Tay Lidia Yileng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are different etching gels available, which have different composition, different pH, and different viscosity, and there is little information in the literature comparing all these products.ObjectiveTo evaluate the mean microshear bond strength and morphological characteristics of tooth enamel by evaluating different phosphoric acids combined with a universal adhesive system.Materials and MethodsEighty‐four enamel samples were used, which were divided according to the acid conditioning: G1: Scotchbond Etchant (3M Oral Care), G2: Ultra‐Etch (Ultradent), G3: Eco‐Etch (IvoclarVivadent), G4: ETCH‐37 with BAC (Bisco), G5: Etching gel (Densell), G6: Condac 37 (FGM), and G7: Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M Oral Care) in self‐etch mode. For the adhesive procedure, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive was the one used as indicated the manufacturer's instructions, 0.9‐mm‐diameter resin cylinders were placed. The microshear bond strength test was performed after being stored for 24 hours in water. The morphological characteristics of tooth enamel were analyzed using the Raman confocal microscope alpha300RA. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Tukey post‐test were used to analyze the differences between the groups.ResultsThe mean microshear bond strength values obtained for groups 1, 4, 5 were significantly greater than groups 2, 3, 6 and 7 (p < .05). All groups presented demineralization after the application of the etching acid, and few signs of demineralization were evident in group 7.ConclusionsAcid‐etching with ETCH‐37 with BAC, Etching gel, and Scotchbond Etchant improved the adhesive strength in the enamel using an universal adhesive, and acid‐etching with Condac 37, Ultra‐Etch, and Eco‐Etch provides similar adhesive strength values to self‐etch mode of universal adhesive.Clinical SignificanceAll acid etchants should be considered as different. The test confirms that enamel etching prior to the application of a universal adhesive system depends on the selected acid etchand product.
Association Between Episodic Memory and Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease in South Asians from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India–Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI‐DAD)
Authors: Smith Jennifer A. , Zhao Wei , Yu Miao , Rumfelt Kalee E. , Moorjani Priya , Ganna Andrea , Dey Aparajit B. , Lee Jinkook , Kardia Sharon L.R. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESGenetic factors play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive aging. However, it is unclear whether risk loci identified in European ancestry (EA) populations have similar effects in other groups, such as South Asians.DESIGNWe investigated the allelic distribution and cognitive associations of 56 known AD risk single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from three EA genome‐wide association studies (EA‐GWASs) in a South Asian population. Single SNP and genetic risk score (GRS) associations with measures of episodic memory were assessed.SETTINGThe Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI‐DAD).PARTICIPANTSA total of 906 LASI‐DAD participants from diverse states in India.MEASUREMENTSParticipants were genotyped using the Illumina Global Screening Array and imputed with 1000G Phase 3v5. Cognitive measures included total learning and delayed word recall.RESULTSAlthough only a few SNPs were significantly associated with memory scores (P < .05), effect estimates from the EA‐GWAS and the LASI‐DAD showed moderate correlation (0.35–0.88) in the expected direction. GRSs were also associated with memory scores, although percentage variation explained was small (0.1%–0.6%).CONCLUSIONSDiscrepancies in allele frequencies and cognitive association results suggest that genetic factors found predominantly through EA‐GWASs may play a limited role in South Asians. However, the extent of differences in the genetic architecture of AD and cognition in EA and South Asians remains uncertain. There is also a critical need to perform a more comprehensive assessment of the mutational spectrum of South Asia to identify novel genetic variants associated with AD and cognition in this population. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S45‐S53, 2020.
Measurement and Structure of Cognition in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India–Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia
Authors: Gross Alden L. , Khobragade Pranali Y. , Meijer Erik , Saxton Judith A. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVESTo test whether a relatively complex model of human cognitive abilities based on Cattell‐Horn‐Carroll (CHC) theory, developed mainly in English‐speaking samples, adequately describes correlations among tests in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India–Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI‐DAD), and to develop accurate measures of cognition for older individuals in India.DESIGNLASI‐DAD participants were recruited from participants aged 60 years and older from 14 states in the core LASI survey, with a stratified sampling design.SETTINGParticipants were interviewed at home or in a participating hospital, according to their preferences.PARTICIPANTSCommunity‐residing older adults aged 60 years and older (N = 3,224).MEASUREMENTSA variety of cognitive tests were administered during two pretests and chosen for their appropriateness for measuring cognition in older adults in India and suitability for calibration with the core LASI survey and the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.RESULTSWe evaluated the factor structure of the test battery and its conformity with a classical CHC factor model that incorporated measurement models for general cognition, five broad domains (orientation, executive functioning, language/fluency, memory, and visuospatial), and five narrow domains (reasoning, attention/speed, immediate memory, delayed memory, and recognition memory) of cognitive performance. Model fit was adequate (root mean square error of approximation = 0.051; comparative fit index = 0.916; standardized root mean squared residual = 0.060).CONCLUSIONWe demonstrated configural factorial invariance of a cognitive battery in the Indian LASI‐DAD using CHC theory. Broad domain factors may be used in future research to rank individuals with respect to cognitive performance and classify cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S11‐S19, 2020.
After the Randomized Trial: Implementation of Community‐Based Continence Promotion in the Real World
Authors: Schmuhl Nicholas B. , Brow Katie A. , Wise Meg E. , Myers Shannon , Mahoney Jane E. , Brown Heidi W. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESMost women aged 65 and older have incontinence, associated with high healthcare costs, institutionalization, and negative quality of life, but few seek care. Mind over Matter: Healthy Bowels, Healthy Bladder (MOM) is a small‐group self‐management workshop, led by a trained facilitator in a community setting, proven to improve incontinence in older women.DESIGNWe used mixed methods to gather information on the real‐world adoption, maintenance, and implementation of MOM by community agencies following a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that tested intervention effects on incontinence.SETTINGCommunity agencies serving older adults in six Wisconsin communities.PARTICIPANTSCommunity agency administrators and facilitators trained to offer MOM for the RCT.MEASUREMENTSInvestigators tracked rates of adoption (offering MOM in the 12 months following the RCT) and maintenance (offering MOM more than once in the next 18 months) in six communities. Individual interviews and focus groups (N = 17) generated qualitative data about barriers and facilitators related to adoption and maintenance. Trained observers assessed implementation fidelity (alignment with program protocol) at 42 MOM sessions.RESULTSA total of 67% of communities (four of six) adopted MOM, and 50% (three of six) maintained MOM. No implementation fidelity lapses occurred. Facilitators of adoption and maintenance included MOM's well‐organized protocol and lean time commitment, sharing of implementation efforts between partner organizations, staff specifically assigned to health promotion activities, and high community interest in continence promotion. Other than stigma associated with incontinence, barriers were similar to those seen with other community‐based programs for older adults: limited funding/staffing, competing organizational priorities, challenges identifying/training facilitators, and difficulty engaging community partners/participants.CONCLUSIONUsing design for dissemination and community engagement, assessment of implementation outcomes is feasible in conjunction with a clinical RCT. Partner‐centered implementation packages can address barriers to adoption and maintenance.
The mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between Type D personality and self‐care behavior in patients with heart failure
Authors: Heo Ji Min , Kim Chul‐Gyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThere have been few studies done looking at the relationship between resilience, Type D personality, and self‐care behavior in patients with heart failure. The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between Type D personality and self‐care behavior in patients with heart failure.MethodsThe subjects consisted of a sample of 90 heart failure patients aged ≥20 years who visited the cardiology outpatient clinic in the Chungbuk area of South Korea.ResultsAmong 90 patients, 49 subjects (54.0%) were classified as Type D personality, who exhibited statistically significant differences in resilience and self‐care behavior (p < .001). A statistically significant correlation was also observed between self‐care behavior score and resilience score (p < .01). The resilience had full mediation effects on the relationship between Type D personality and self‐care behavior. In other words, the higher their resilience, the better their self‐care behavior.ConclusionsThe study showed that resilience and Type D personality have important effects on self‐care behavior.
The efficiency of vein viewing on pain and anxiety of children during peripheral cannula intervention: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Bayram Dilek , Topan Aysel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of this research is to estimate the efficiency of vein viewing device on 9–12 year‐old children's pain and anxiety.MethodsThe research has been designed as an experimental study including pre‐and post‐test and control groups. Data were collected with personal information form, facial expressions rating scale, state anxiety scale, vein viewing device and a peripheral cannula. Both groups were applied to the state anxiety scale before and after the procedure while the facial expressions rating scale was applied during the procedure.ResultsStatistically significant difference was found between experimental and control groups regarding processing time, number of transaction attempts and facial expressions rating scale score averages. While there was no difference regarding the state anxiety scales average points of children in experimental and control groups before the procedure, a statistically significant difference was found in an advanced level regarding post‐processing state anxiety levels.ConclusionsUsage of vein viewing device during peripheral cannula intervention reduces children's pain and anxiety levels and shortens the durations of the initiative.
Correlation between serum granulysin level and clinical activity in patients with alopecia areata before and after tofacitinib therapy
Authors: Oba Muazzez Cigdem , Askin Ozge , Balci Ekmekci Ozlem , Serdaroglu Server 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is a common immune‐mediated disorder. Destruction of anagen hair follicles by cytotoxic T cells (CTL) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of AA. Serum granulysin has been shown to reflect overall activity of CTLs.AimsIn this study, we aimed to compare serum granulysin levels in patients with AA before and after therapy and to analyze correlation between serum granulysin levels and disease severity.MethodsWe evaluated the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score and serum granuysin levels of 38 AA patients at baseline and at 6th month of therapy. Thirty‐three patients were treated with tofacitinib 5 mg b.i.d, and five patients were treated with topical immunotherapy. Serum granulysin levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsA moderate correlation was found between SALT scores and serum granulysin level at baseline (r = .378, P = .019). Baseline serum granulysin levels were significantly higher in patients with alopecia totalis/universalis compared with patients with patchy AA (P = .004, Z = 2.778). Serum granulysin levels significantly decreased in patients treated with tofacitinib compared to baseline (P = .001). The reduction in serum granulysin levels after tofacitinib therapy correlated with the reduction in SALT scores (P = .001).ConclusionsOur results suggest serum granulysin levels to be a good correlate of immunological activity of AA. We also assume granulysin to be a potential mediator of follicle attack, the effects of which is blocked by tofacitinib therapy. Therefore, changes in serum granulysin levels under therapy can reflect the downregulation of immunological activity of AA.
Classifications and injection strategy for lip reshaping in Asians
Authors: Peng Jui‐Hui , Peng Hsien‐Li Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFiller injections have become very popular in recent decades. Of the various injection procedures, lip injection is an important aspect of filler injection, especially for Caucasian patients. Asians tend to have fuller lips than Caucasians, necessitating a different approach to lip injection. Classification systems for the lip for aesthetic treatment purposes can help a physician assess a patient accordingly, and a simple classification of Asian lips into four types for injection approaches is proposed in this paper. Each patient type is discussed in terms of trait and categorization, injection area, injection techniques, injection goals, and sample patients with treatment results.
Serum TWEAK: A cutoff between segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo
Authors: El‐Taweel Abd El‐Aziz Ibrahim , Abdelrahman Amira Mohamed Noureldin , Sabry Sarah , Salem Rehab Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTWEAK/Fn14 is expressed in many tissues including the skin, playing an important role in many inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic cutaneous disorders.AimsTo assess the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in vitiligo patients.MethodsThis case‐control study included 100 subjects (50 vitiligo patients and 50 control subjects) recruited from Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Benha University. All patients were subjected tocomplete cutaneous examination, to evaluate the clinical type, distribution and severity of vitiligo using the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI).ResultsTWEAK serum levels were significantly higher in patients than in the control subjects (644.76 ± 688.93 vs 282.75 ± 125.67, respectively). Serum levels were significantly elevated in segmental versus nonsegmental vitiligo. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that TWEAK shows 80% sensitivity and 56.67% specificity in diagnosing vitiligo and 100% sensitivity and 80.09% specificity in differentiating segmental from nonsegmental vitiligo.ConclusionTWEAK may play a role in vitiligo pathogenesis. It may be used in the differentiation between segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo and represent a promising therapeutic target in vitiligo.
Differentiation in a market of imitation: The evolving world of aesthetic dermatology
Authors: Wang Jordan V. , Saedi Nazanin , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis commentary examines the recent general movement in the field of cosmetic dermatology toward imitation and reproduction. The issues of medical spas, nonphysician operators, and counterfeit products have recently garnered interest in aesthetic dermatology. As physicians, it is our professional and bioethical responsibility to ensure that our patients are educated on the presence of medical spas, nonphysician operators, and counterfeit products in our field, especially given the discrepancies in patient safety and outcomes. There are also actions that dermatologists can take in order to help differentiate themselves in this current market. This will not only protect our field, but also our patients, who we are obligated to provide high‐quality care for as physicians.
Bleaching and skin‐lightening practice among female students in South India: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Jagadeesan Soumya , Kaliyadan Feroze , Ashique Karalikkattil T. , Karunakaran Aditi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundBleaching with skin‐lightening preparations is a common practice in our society. Particularly, a practice simply known as “bleaching”—referring to application of skin‐lightening chemicals including ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, repeated at intervals, as a salon‐based or home‐based procedure appears wide‐spread among young females in India. However, there is limited medical literature on “bleaching.”AimsWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of “bleaching” among female students of our campus and to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding “bleaching” in the same population.MethodsA cross‐sectional, questionnaire‐based survey was conducted among the female students of the campus following a presurvey focus group discussion with a representative group. A pilot survey conducted to standardize the survey questionnaire showed a high reliability (Cronbach's alpha > 0.7). Descriptive statistical methods were used to assess survey results, and frequencies were presented as percentages.ResultsA total of 880 valid responses were analyzed (age group 17‐30 years, mean age‐20.24 years). 34.77% had done “bleaching” at least once. 63.8% of respondents did not know the ingredients, and 40.5% did not know about the side effects of “bleaching.” 60.06% of those who bleached had experienced an adverse effect. 58.18% respondents knew about “bleaching” from friends/relatives and 17% from parlors. Only 2.3% respondents had consulted a dermatologist, and only 22.8% had used sunscreens. Top motivation to bleach was to lighten facial hairs (19.5%), for a “lighter” complexion (15.1%) and achieve “glow” before a function (15.2%).ConclusionFacial skin and hair “bleaching” is common in our society, and awareness regarding “bleaching” is low even among educated youth.
Exosomal lncRNA UCA1 from cancer‐associated fibroblasts enhances chemoresistance in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Gao Qianqian , Fang Xiaohui , Chen Yufang , Li Ziyan , Wang Meihua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimIn the current work, we aimed to explore whether Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) exosomes played crucial roles in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) chemoresistance via mediating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA).MethodsThe IC50 value and cell apoptosis were assessed by the Cell Counting‐8 Kit (CCK‐8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot analysis was used for the measurement of protein levels. The levels of urothelial cancer‐associated 1 (UCA1), miR‐103a and WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase (WEE1) mRNA were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The target relationships among miR‐103a, UCA1 and WEE1 were confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter assays. Xenograft model mice were established to observe the impact of exosomal UCA1 on cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in vivo.ResultsOur data indicated that CAF enhanced CDDP resistance of VSCC cells in vitro. Extracellular UCA1 was transferred by exosomes derived from CAF. Exosomal UCA1 derived from CAF conferred VSCC cell resistance to CDDP. Moreover, UCA1 functioned as a miR‐103a sponge in VSCC cells. The promotion of exosomal UCA1 on VSCC cell resistance to CDDP was mediated by miR‐103a. WEE1 was a direct target of miR‐103a, and exosomal miR‐103a from CAF weakened CDDP resistance of VSCC cells by WEE1. Furthermore, exosomal UCA1 regulated WEE1 expression through sponging miR‐103a. Additionally, exosomal UCA1 enhanced tumor growth and CDDP resistance in vivo.ConclusionOur findings suggested exosomal UCA1 derived from CAF conferred VSCC cell resistance to CDDP in vitro and in vivo at least partly through the miR‐103a/WEE1 axis, highlighting a novel therapeutic method for improving the clinical benefits of CDDP chemotherapy in VSCC patients.
Comparison of novel two‐port and conventional multiport laparoscopic surgery approaches for benign adnexal masses: The Bagli method
Authors: Bağlı İhsan , Bademkıran Hanifi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study primarily aims to describe the safety and efficacy of a novel two‐port (5 and 10‐mm) laparoscopic surgery (TPLS) approach for benign adnexal masses compared with conventional multiport laparoscopic surgery (CMLS) in excisional procedures such as salpingectomy and oophorectomy.MethodsThis is a retrospective case–control study. Forty‐four patients were divided into two groups: two‐port (5 mm and 10 mm) laparoscopic surgery group (n: 22) and conventional multiport (three/four port) laparoscopic surgery group (n: 22), with similar indications. All procedures, except ovarian detorsions, included salpingectomy, oophorectomy or salpingo‐ophorectomy. The groups were evaluated using their demographic, clinical, intraoperative and postoperative data, and survey questions that were asked were used for analyzing cosmetic satisfaction, surgical satisfaction and preference rates of the TPLS.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the groups on demographic features. All patients were discharged within 24 h after both the procedures without any major (organ injury) or minor complication. Surgical satisfaction range was 8.82 (±1.01) in TPLS group and 7.27 (±1.6) in the CMLS group, and differences were significant (P = 0.002). Satisfaction with cosmesis was 95% in the TPLS group and 77% in the CMLS group, and this difference was not significant (P = 0.11). The preferences rate of TPLS was 68% among the 44 women.ConclusionNovel TPLS is feasible and safe in expert hands. In addition, it provides more surgical satisfaction to patients. However, there were not significant differences in long‐term cosmesis results between the TPLS and CMLS groups.