bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced association of whitefly–begomovirus competence with plant‐mediated mutualism
Authors: He Wen‐Ze , Liu Shu‐Sheng , Pan Li‐Long 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDVector‐borne viruses often manipulate plant defenses against insect vectors, thereby impacting vector population dynamics and in turn virus spread. However, the factors regulating the outcome of insect vector–virus–plant tripartite interactions, such as the feature of virus–vector combinations, are understudied.RESULTSUsing eight whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)–begomovirus combinations exhibiting different degrees of competence, namely virus transmission efficiency, we examined the association between whitefly–begomovirus competence and plant‐mediated mutualism. We found that three begomoviruses, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) and Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV), can effectively infect but cause distinct symptoms in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants. Although the efficient vectors Middle East‐Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) whiteflies performed significantly better on TYLCV‐infected plants than on control plants, the less‐efficient vector Asia II 1 performed similarly on TYLCV‐infected and uninfected plants. CLCuMuV infection of plants significantly enhanced the performance of the efficient vector Asia II 1, whereas the performance of the inefficient vector MEAM1 was unaffected by the virus infection status of the plants. SLCMV infection of plants significantly increased the survival and fecundity of the efficient vector Asia II 1, but did not affect the performance of the poorer vectors MEAM1 and MED.CONCLUSIONCombined analysis of our data and case studies from the literature indicates that plant‐mediated mutualism between whiteflies and the begomoviruses they transmit is more likely to occur in competent combinations. Our findings shed novel light on the ecological principles governing the variations in insect vector–virus–plant tripartite interactions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Inclusion of Leguminous Green Manures Enhances Crop Biomass, Nutrient Uptake, Soil Phosphorus Dynamics and Bioavailability
Authors: Nguyen P. V. , Condron L. M. , Simpson Z. P. , McDowell R. W. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn agroecosystems, phosphorus (P) applications over a long time have accumulated in soil as legacy P. This environmental challenge can be an agronomic opportunity as soil legacy P could be recovered in cropping systems using practices such as green manuring. We hypothesised that, at moderate soil available P levels, plant‐soil interactions under green manures can mobilise soil legacy P and promote cereal crop P uptake and growth.MethodsAlongside a fallow treatment, three green manure treatments that included two legume treatments (narrow‐leaf lupin [Lupinus angustifolius], pea [Pisum sativum L.]) and one cereal treatment (wheat [Triticum aestivum] and barley [Hordeum vulgare]) were rotated with the main crops of wheat and barley in two phases on a pumice soil (27 mg kg−1 Olsen P) in a microcosm experiment. Plant roots and shoots and end‐of‐experiment soil samples were collected for analysis.ResultsOver two crop rotations, inclusion of narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manures significantly increased main crop biomass (27%–35%) and P uptake (15%–29%) relative to control, while the cereal green manure decreased the following crop's yield (−13%) and P uptake (−19%). Relative to fallow, microbial biomass P and soil organic P pools increased under all green manures yet total inorganic P decreased under leguminous green manures. This depletion (35 mg P kg−1) under narrow‐leaf lupin was equivalent to ~47 kg P ha−1. Phosphatase enzyme activities relevant to P cycling increased particularly under leguminous green manure treatments.ConclusionsLeguminous green manures such as narrow‐leaf lupin could mobilise soil P to crops in field conditions, suggesting that drawdown of soil legacy P while sustaining crop yield can be tenable.
Synergistic Enhancement of Energy Storage Performance in NaNbO3‐Based Lead‐Free Relaxor Ferroelectrics via Weakly Coupled Relaxation Behavior
Authors: Nong Peng , Huang Jiangping , Pan Yue , Dong Qinpeng , Li Xu , Chen Xiuli , Zhou Huanfu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdvancements in pulsed electronic power systems depend significantly on high‐performance dielectric energy storage ceramics. Lead‐free NaNbO3‐based energy‐storage ceramics are important materials for next‐generation pulsed power capacitors owing to their large polarization and bandgaps. However, the high energy loss caused by the antiferroelectric‐ferroelectric phase transition leads to low recoverable energy storage density and efficiency, which hinders its practical application. Herein, a weakly coupled relaxor ferroelectric is designed via chemical modification, which realises a high recoverable density of 12.7 J cm−3 and a decent η of 85.7%. Compositionally induced domain‐size refinement effectively delays low‐field polarization saturation and elevates η. Experimental characterization and theoretical‐model analysis confirm that the superior comprehensive energy‐storage performance is attributed to the component‐driven formation of polar nano‐micro‐regions with weak interactions, which suppresses the polarization hysteresis and improves the polarization difference. This study demonstrates that component‐driven construction of weakly coupled relaxor ferroelectric materials is an effective strategy for achieving ultrahigh energy‐storage characteristics.
Vacuum‐Nitrogen Assisted (VANS) Topotactical Deintercalation for Extremely Fast Production of Functionalized Silicene Nanosheets
Authors: Kozma Erika , Martella Christian , Andicsová Anita Eckstein , Gharedaghi Sepideh , Lamperti Alessio , Massetti Chiara , Opálek Andrej , Grazianetti Carlo , Galeotti Francesco , Molle Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSilicene, the analog of graphene composed of silicon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice, has garnered significant attention due to its unique properties, positioning it as a promising candidate for various applications in electronic devices, photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and biomedicals. While the chemical synthesis of silicene nanosheets has traditionally involved time‐spending and expensive‐ methods, this study introduces a rapid vacuum/nitrogen cycle assisted (VANS) protocol that dramatically speeds up the production of silicene. The strategic implementation of vacuum/nitrogen cycles provides the efficient removal of the generated hydrogen, boosting the overall reaction kinetics while maintaining inert reaction conditions to prevent oxidation. In contrast to previous methodologies, usually qualified by prolonged reaction durations of up to 5 days and low reaction temperatures (−30 °C), this integrated approach substantially shortens the synthesis time from hours to minutes. Indeed, the VANS method drastically reduces the reaction time, operates at room temperature, and exhibits the successful fabrication of silicene flakes with structural properties comparable to those achieved through prolonged reaction times and low temperatures.
An Interior/Exterior Collaboration‐Enhanced Intestinal Anastomosis (IECIA) for Multi‐Tiered Leakage Complication Management
Authors: Chen Xiuli , Gong Yusheng , Li Min , Zeng Qi , Xu Rengui , Li Xiaolong , Lu Xiang , Gong Shang , Xu Jiarong , Li Guanyue , Yang Jingwen , Jiao Wenhao , Liu Jiajing , Liu Yuan , Liang Xinting , He Linxi , Xiao Fei , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnastomotic leakage (AL) is a pervasive and risky postoperative complication that presently features inaccessible prevention, delayed diagnosis, and intractable remediation, resulting in distressing morbidity and mortality. Herein an interior/exterior collaboration‐enhanced neoteric intestinal anastomosis (IECIA) is developed, which consists of an interior hydrogel‐based protective barrier adhering to mucosa, and exterior synergistic leakage‐prevention safeguard sutured to serosa, for multi‐tiered leakage complication management. Noticeably, the hydrogel barrier protects anastomosis stoma against injurious stimulation from digestive liquid, consequently reducing leakage risk effectively and comfortably in place of painful gastric tube insertion. The exterior safeguard encompassing fluorescein‐loaded hydrogel and electrospun film functions as a secondary defense, exhibiting critical leakage‐prevention capability to refrain from lethal intra‐abdominal infection. Meanwhile, fluorescein is released to the enteric cavity for following detection within the excrement in case anastomotic leakage occurs, achieving presymptomatic alarming in providing valuable prompts for timely clinical intervention. Importantly, IECIA has been investigated in realistic in vivo end‐to‐end intestinal anastomosis scenarios as well as simulated leakage models, which present satisfactory postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal functions and systematic indexes. Moreover, the IECIA system is endowed with guaranteed biocompatibility, effective durability, comprehensibility for surgical operation, comfort, and compliance for patients, which demonstrates precious value for clinical translation.
Tip‐Induced 3D Printing on the Nanoscale with Field Emission Scanning Probes
Authors: Holz Mathias , Hofmann Martin , Allen Frances I. , Weigel Christoph , Strehle Steffen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract3D printing down to the nanoscale remains a significant challenge. In this paper, the study explores the use of scanning probes that emit low‐energy electrons (<100 eV) coupled with the localized injection and electron‐induced decomposition of precursor molecules, for the precise localized deposition of 3D nanostructures. The experiments are performed inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), enabling the use of the in‐built gas injector system (GIS) with gaseous naphthalene precursor for carbon deposition, as well as immediate inspection of the deposits by SEM. Substrate materials are planar fused silica with thin conductive coatings and non‐planar copper wedges. After investigation of the deposition process parameters, various 2D and 3D carbon deposits are grown. Vertical nanowires several microns in length with a diameter <100 nm are achieved and 3D deposits with a high degree of nanoscale branching are also obtained, presumably due to a charging effect. High aspect ratio carbon nanostructures such as those demonstrated here can be employed as miniaturized electrodes or field emitters. The tip‐based approach presented thus paves the way toward 3D nanoscale printing of various materials and functional nanostructures.
Room Temperature Synthesis of Gradient‐Distributed Ni/Fe Sites in Layered Double Hydroxides for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Jinghan , Chen Qiming , Zhao Pengwei , Cai An , Fan Xiaobin , Peng Wenchao , Li Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNiFe‐based materials, especially NiFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs), are recognized as the most promising non‐precious metal electrocatalysts for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the precisely designed distribution of active sites for enhancing activities is still significantly restricted due to the lack of reasonable modulation strategies. Herein, sulfur doped Ni/Fe gradient‐distributed LDH (GD‐NiFe LDH/S) is fabricated by facile air‐induced strategy at room temperature. This strategy accelerates the growth process with abundant CO2 and O2 in air, which promotes the inward migration of Fe species, resulting in gradient distribution with Ni/Fe‐rich edge/planar. This allows significant enhancement of Ni/Fe synergistic effect, which plays a vital role in OER. Moreover, the sharp pine‐like morphology of GD‐NiFe LDH/S endows superhydrophilicity/aerophobicity characteristics, facilitating electrolyte penetrating and oxygen releasing. The optimized GD‐NiFe LDH/S delivers superior OER performance with low overpotentials of 234 and 270 mV at 10 and 100 mA cm−2. The assembled anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer only requires 1.90 V at 1.0 A cm−2 and 2.10 V at 1.5 A cm−2 with robust stability for at least 130 h. This work introduces a facile air‐induced strategy under room temperature to controllably design active site distributions of LDH for enhanced OER performance.
Reversible Asymmetric Deformation Modulating Dexter Energy Transfer in Manganese Halide Perovskite with Temperature‐pressure Equivalence Effect
Authors: Cai Yangyang , Yan Siyu , Du Xinran , Lin Tingting , Lin Yuejian , Qiu Longzhen , Wang Weizhi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeformation of metal halide perovskite can induce many interesting properties. This study focuses on a manganese‐based organic‐inorganic perovskite with a unique structure in which tetrahedral and octahedral coordination coexist in single crystal unit cell. This perovskite emits at 519 and 615 nm at room temperature. In contrast to conventional perovskites, this perovskite regulates the Dexter energy transfer between the two coordination modes through asymmetric deformation without phase transition, producing a reversible and tunable photoluminescence. Notably, under atmospheric pressure, as temperature increases from liquid nitrogen temperature to 135 °C, the luminescence color shifts progressively from red with a CIE coordinate of (0.59, 0.27) to yellow green with a CIE coordinate of (0.33, 0.56), with excellent reversibility. Additionally, at room temperature, the luminescence color shifts progressively from orange with a CIE coordinate of (0.54, 0.42) to red with a CIE coordinate of (0.61, 0.27) as pressure increases from 1 atm to 7.5 GPa. This novel tetrahedral and octahedral coexisting perovskite has a temperature‐pressure equivalence effect in modulating luminescent color changes. It tunes emission by forming asymmetric deformations through the contraction (or expansion) of tetrahedra and expansion (or contraction) of octahedra upon stimulation, providing a new pathway to tune the emission of perovskites.
Superhydrophilicity and Electronic Modulation on Self‐Supported Lignin‐Derived Carbon Coupled with NiO@MoNi4 for Enhancing Urea Electrolysis
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Qian Guangfu , Yu Hui , Xie Zehan , Li Liancen , Lu Minsheng , Chen Changzhou , Min Douyong , Chen Jinli , Tsiakaras Panagiotis 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient biomass‐derived carbon‐based electrocatalysts remains challenging for urea electrolysis because most of these electrocatalysts show powder morphology, which can lead to Ostwald ripening during the reaction process, and its reaction mechanism should be further verified. Herein, self‐supported lignin‐derived carbon coupling NiO@MoNi4 heterojunction (NiO@MoNi4/C) possesses superhydrophilic properties and electronic modulation, boosting the performance of urea electrolysis. Electrochemical results show that an indirect oxidation step for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and Volmer‐Heyrovsky mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occurs on the surface of NiO@MoNi4/C. It displays low potentials for UOR (E10/500/1000 = 1.28/1.41/1.47 V) and for HER (E−10/−500/−1000 = −38/−264/−355 mV) in 1.0 M KOH + 0.5 M urea electrolyte solution. The good activity is ascribed to the self‐supported lignin‐derived carbon and heterojunction, which increases the number of active sites, optimizes electronic structure, and improves electron transfer. Benefiting from the self‐supported lignin‐derived carbon, NiO@MoNi4/C demonstrates corrosion resistance and superhydrophilicity, which avoids Ostwald ripening and accelerates gas‐liquid transfer, thus, maintaining for 100 h at ±1000/±1500 mA cm−2 during the UOR and HER test. This work provides a good catalyst for urea electrolysis and presents a promising way for preparing lignin‐derived carbon‐based catalysts while expanding the application of lignin‐based biomass carbon materials.
Electrochemically Controlled Deposition of Low‐Crystalline Covalent Organic Frameworks on Nanocarbon Electrode Toward Metal‐Free Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Sato Kosuke , Inagi Shinsuke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMorphology‐controlled synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offers significant potential for electrochemical applications. However, controlling the deposition of nanometer‐scale COFs on carbon supports remains challenging due to the need for a slow COF generation rate and the dispersion of carbon supports in liquid‐phase synthesis. In this study, nanometer‐scale COF/carbon composites are fabricated using electrochemically generated acid (EGA) to assist in the formation of imine‐type COFs, which are then deposited onto pre‐cast nanocarbon supports on an electrode. A monomer combination of tri(4‐aminophenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine and 2,5‐dimethoxybenzene‐1,4‐dicarboxaldehyde is utilized due to their suitable oxidation potentials, with 1,2‐diphenylhydrazine serving as the EGA source. Through proton generation driven by electrolysis conditions, controlled COF formation is achieved at the single nanometer scale, ranging from 6 to 30 nm, on various nanocarbon supports. The COF/carbon electrode is evaluated as an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst, demonstrating superior performance compared to other COF‐based electrode materials containing the 1,3,5‐triazine moiety. The findings experimentally validate the efficacy of the EGA‐assisted COF deposition method for nanostructure construction and its ability to enhance the properties of COF‐based electrodes through morphology tuning.
On different modes of Rayleigh wave fields in a micropolar nonlocal viscoelastic medium
Authors: Bhat Manasa , Manna Santanu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the propagation of Rayleigh wave fields in a viscoelastic medium under the framework of small‐scale theories such as nonlocal elasticity and micropolar elasticity. Leading‐order nonlocal corrected dispersion relations are derived by applying appropriate refined nonlocal traction‐free boundary conditions. One of the dispersion relations is entirely due to the micropolarity and, therefore, vanishes in its absence. The other dispersion relation corresponding to its elastic counterpart gives rise to quasi‐elastic and viscoelastic modes. Nonlocal elastic effects in viscoelastic solids also generate distinct nonlocal quasi‐elastic modes that vanish without them. Two special viscoelastic solids, namely (a) an incompressible solid and (b) a Poisson solid, are numerically examined. An example with small viscous terms is considered, and conditions for the existence of various modes are derived. It further confirms the dependence of nonlocal and material parameters on the propagation of Rayleigh wave fields in different modes. Moreover, the equation for the path traversed by the Rayleigh wave field particles at the surface is evaluated, and the nature of the path (prograde or retrograde) is investigated for every possible mode of Rayleigh wave fields. Moreover, graphs are plotted using MATLAB software, specifically to comprehend the conditions imposed on the material and nonlocal parameters, as well as to observe the phase velocity behavior for all possible multiple modes.
ENPP1/CD203a-targeting heavy-chain antibody reveals cell-specific expression on human immune cells
Authors: Lorenz Hannah , Menzel Stephan , Roshchyna Nataliia , Albrecht Birte , Gebhardt Anna Josephine , Schneider Enja , Haag Friedrich , Rissiek Björn , Oheim Ralf , Koch-Nolte Friedrich , Winzer Riekje , Tolosa Eva 
Published: December 2024

AbstractENPP1/CD203a is a membrane-bound ectonucleotidase capable of hydrolyzing ATP, cGAMP and other substrates. Its enzymatic activity plays an important role in the balance of extracellular adenine nucleotides and the modulation of purinergic signaling, in soft tissue calcification, and in the regulation of the cGAS/STING pathway. However, a detailed analysis of ENPP1 surface expression on human immune cells has not been performed. Here, we selected VHH domains from human ENPP1-immunized alpacas to generate heavy-chain antibodies targeting ENPP1, and analyzed cell surface expression on all circulating immune cell subsets using flow cytometry. We find high expression of ENPP1 in CD141high conventional dendritic cells (cDC1), while ENPP1 was not detectable on other dendritic cells and monocytes. In the lymphocytic compartment, only CD56bright natural killer cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) express ENPP1. In contrast, all other T cell subpopulations, CD56dim natural killer cells and B lymphocytes do not or only minimally express ENPP1. In summary, we describe highly cell type-specific expression of ENPP1 in the immune system using a newly generated heavy-chain antibody. This reagent will help to decipher the function of ENPP1 in the regulation of the immune response, allow a quick identification of ENPP1-deficiency and of ENPP1-positive tumors, and constitutes the basis for targeted anti-tumor intervention.
A high-speed camera-based measurement system for monitoring and controlling the induced jet break-up fabrication of advanced ceramic breeder pebbles
Authors: Zhang Miao , Leys Oliver , Vogelbacher Markus , Knitter Regina , Matthes Jörg 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe production of lithium-rich ceramic pebbles is crucial for future fusion reactors, as they are one of the most important components of the tritium-breeding blankets. In order to produce high-quality pebbles, a melt-based fabrication process KALOS (KArlsruhe Lithium OrthoSilicate) has been developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), which produces pebbles utilising the break-up of a molten laminar jet. Since the production of the pebbles is very precise (with diameters of hundreds of micrometres) and significantly influenced by process parameters, a system that monitors and regulates the fabrication in real-time is essential. This paper elaborates on a high-speed camera-based measurement system for automatically monitoring and controlling the production process. Experimental proof demonstrates that the presented measurement system can provide the real-time sizes, locations and distance distribution of the molten ceramic droplets accurately. In addition, the system is also designed to enable the control of the pebble production by adjusting a production parameter, i.e. the driving frequency, based on the real-time output of the proposed measurement system.
On the Converse of Pansu’s Theorem
Authors: De Philippis Guido , Marchese Andrea , Merlo Andrea , Pinamonti Andrea , Rindler Filip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We provide a suitable generalisation of Pansu’s differentiability theorem to general Radon measures on Carnot groups and we show that if Lipschitz maps between Carnot groups are Pansu-differentiable almost everywhere for some Radon measures

$$\mu $$

μ

, then

$$\mu $$

μ

must be absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure of the group.