bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifts in the Holstein dairy cow milk fat globule membrane proteome that occur during the first week of lactation are affected by parity
Authors: Honan Mallory C. , Fahey Megan J. , Fischer-Tlustos Amanda J. , Steele Michael A. , Greenwood Sabrina L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteomes of colostrum and transition milk are rich sources of proteins that are likely important for neonatal calf health. In addition, characterization of these proteomes could also yield valuable information regarding mammary gland physiology of the early postpartum lactating cow. The objectives of this research were to characterize the MFGM proteomes of colostrum and transition milk through sample collections at four timepoints postpartum, including the first milking (M1, colostrum), second milking (M2, transition milk), fourth milking (M4, transition milk), and fourteenth milking (M14, mature milk), and compare these proteomes between multiparous (MP; n = 10) and primiparous (PP; n = 10) Holstein dairy cows. Isolated MFGM proteins were labeled using Tandem Mass tagging and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Protein identification was completed using MASCOT and Sequest in Proteome Discoverer 2.2. The scaled abundance values were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS to determine the effects of milking (MIL), parity (PAR), and MIL × PAR. The adaptive false-discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P values were determined using PROC MULTTEST. Protein characterization and bioinformatic analysis were completed using a combination of PANTHER, Blast, and Uniprot.

Results
A total of 104 common proteins were identified in each of the MFGM samples. Statistical analysis revealed that 70.2% of identified proteins were affected by MIL. Of these, 78.1% were lower in M14 compared with M1, including immune-related proteins lactotransferrin, lactadherin and hemopexin. Parity affected 44.2% of proteins. Of the proteins affected by PAR, 84.8% were higher in MP cows compared with PP cows, including apolipoprotein E and histones 2A, 2B, 3, and 4 b. Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member 1A and annexin 5 were higher in samples from PP cows. Milking × parity affected 32.7% of identified proteins, including lactotransferrin, gelsolin, vitamin D binding protein, and S100 proteins.

Conclusions
This research supports previous findings that the Holstein MFGM proteome changes rapidly during the first week of lactation. In addition, this research identifies the impact of parity on the colostrum and transition milk MFGM proteomes, which may be important for milk-fed calf health or for the identification of protein biomarkers for mammary functionality.
The impact of a multifaceted intervention to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing among discharged older adults: a before-and-after study
Authors: Akkawi Muhammad Eid , Nik Mohamed Mohamad Haniki , Md Aris Mohd Aznan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPotentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) is associated with the incidence of adverse drug reactions, drug-related hospitalization and other negative outcomes in older adults. After hospitalization, older adults might be discharged with several types of PIPs. Studies have found that the lack of healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) knowledge regarding PIP is one of the major contributing factors in this issue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a multifaceted intervention on physicians’ and clinical pharmacists’ behavior regarding potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) and potential prescribing omission (PPO) among hospitalized older adults.MethodsThis is a before-and-after study that took place in a tertiary Malaysian hospital. Discharge medications of patients ≥65 years old were reviewed to identify PIMs/PPOs using version 2 of the STOPP/START criteria. The prevalence and pattern of PIM/PPO before and after the intervention were compared. The intervention targeted the physicians and clinical pharmacists and it consisted of academic detailing and a newly developed smartphone application (app).ResultsThe study involved 240 patients before (control group) and 240 patients after the intervention. The prevalence of PIM was 22% and 27% before and after the intervention, respectively (P = 0.213). The prevalence of PPO in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (42% Vs. 53.3%);P = 0.014. This difference remained statistically significant after controlling for other variables (P = 0.015). The intervention was effective in reducing the two most common PPOs; the omission of vitamin D supplements in patients with a history of falls (P = 0.001) and the omission of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in patients with coronary artery disease (P = 0.03).ConclusionsThe smartphone app coupled with academic detailing was effective in reducing the prevalence of PPO at discharge. However, it did not significantly affect the prevalence or pattern of PIM.
Gallbladder carcinoma: an initial clinical experience of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted MRI
Authors: Wu Sisi , Zou Xianlun , Wang Qiuxia , Hu Daoyu , Li Zhen , Xu Chuou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic value, imaging quality and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weight imaging (r-FOV DWI) and full field-of-view diffusion-weight imaging (f-FOV DWI) in patients with gallbladder carcinoma and other lesions of gallbladder.

Methods
Two hundred ninety-six patients with gallbladder diseases underwent both r-FOV DWI and f-FOV DWI on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. Two radiologists assessed subjective image quality parameters independently. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare subjective qualitative image score. Objective quality values and the mean ADC values were analyzed by paired t-test. The correlation between pathological results and mean ADC value were estimated using Spearman rank correlation analysis.

Results
The CNR value (10.23 ± 2.92) and image quality score (13.84 ± 1.07) of r-FOV DWI were significantly higher than those of f-FOV DWI (5.24 ± 1.29 P<0.001; 10.41 ± 1.11 P<0.001). There was no significant difference between mean ADC values of the two DWI sequences for all three groups (Group 1, chronic cholecystitis; Group 2, benign lesions of gallbladder; Group 3, gallbladder carcinoma. P = 0.239, 0.974 and 0.226 respectively). For both DWI sequences, the mean ADC values were the highest in the group of cholecystitis and the lowest in the group of gallbladder carcinoma (2.49 ± 0.14 vs 1.49 ± 0.12; 2.50 ± 0.14 vs 1.50 ± 0.13, for f-FOV and r-FOV respectively), the differences among groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). The mean ADC values for both DWI sequences were negatively correlated with the group number, which increased with the malignant tendency of lesions (r = − 0.892, P<0.01; r = − 0.913, P<0.01 for f-FOV and r-FOV respectively).

Conclusion
Reduced Field-of-view Diffusion-weighted MRI is a good tool to diagnosis the gallbladder carcinoma, with better image quality and without affecting ADC values.
Moving prevention of functional impairment upstream: is middle age an ideal time for intervention?
Authors: Brown Rebecca T. , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo live independently, individuals must be able to perform basic activities of daily living (ADLs), including bathing, dressing, and transferring out of a bed or chair. When older adults develop difficulty or the need for help performing ADLs, they experience decreased quality of life and an increased risk of acute care utilization, nursing home admission, and death. For these reasons, slowing or preventing the progression to functional problems is a key focus of the care of older adults. While preventive efforts currently focus mainly on older people, difficulty performing basic ADLs (“functional impairment”) affects nearly 15% of middle-aged adults, and this prevalence is increasing. People who develop functional impairment in middle age are at increased risk for adverse outcomes similar to those experienced by older adults. Developing ADL impairment in middle age also impacts work force participation and health expenditures, not just in middle age but also older age. Middle-aged adults have a high capacity for recovery from functional impairment, and many risk factors for developing functional impairment in middle and older age have their roots in mid-life. Taken together, these findings suggest that middle age may be an ideal period to intervene to prevent or delay functional impairment. To address the rising prevalence of functional impairment in middle age, we will need to work on several fronts. These include developing improved prognostic tools to identify middle-aged people at highest risk for functional impairment and developing interventions to prevent or delay impairment among middle-aged people. More broadly, we need to recognize functional impairment in middle age as a problem that is as prevalent and central to health outcomes as many chronic medical conditions.
Evaluation of cardioprotection and bio-efficacy enhancement of stevioside and diltiazem in rats
Authors: Bhatt Laxit , Amrutia Jay , Chakraborty Manodeep , Kamath Jagadish 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases and resultant complications of cardio-therapeutic regimens are one of the leading causes of mortalities in developing countries. Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker primarily used in treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias, systemic hypertension, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Stevioside, the chief component of Stevia plant, is a natural sweetener that has significant therapeutic properties. Stevioside is a known bioenhancer that acts by synergizing pharmacological activities of other drugs. Present study was designed to evaluate cardioprotective activity of stevioside and possible bioenhancement upon co-administration with diltiazem. Standard cardiotoxicity models—isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) through modified Langendorff setup was used to test this hypothesis. Rats were randomly divided into control groups (normal—physiological saline and toxic—isoproterenol, 150 mg/kg, s.c., and IRI induced in normal control animals) and treatment groups (diltiazem—17.5 mg/kg, p.o., stevioside—100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. and combination groups). At the end of the treatment period, animals were sacrificed and biochemical, electrocardiographic, and histopathological changes were measured.

Results
Pre-treatment with stevioside prevented leakage of biomarkers and normalized serum and perfusate levels of CK-MB, CK-NAC, LDH, AST, and ALT enzymes. It displayed lipid-lowering effect on TC and TG levels dose dependently. STV also showed protective action on levels of tissue antioxidant enzymes (SOD and Catalase), electrocardiographic parameters (HR, RR, QRS, QT, PR), and heart tissue histopathology when compared to concurrent toxic control groups. Combination of stevioside (200 mg/kg) and diltiazem (17.5 mg/kg) exerted a more significant pharmacodynamic response, significantly restored biomarkers, antioxidants levels, and myocardial histology, and normalized electrocardiographic parameters.

Conclusion
Stevioside and diltiazem both displayed cardioprotective effect when given alone. Co-administration displayed improved restorative action on antioxidant status, biomarkers, electrocardiographic parameters, and histology.
Introduction
Authors: Khan Razak 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current turn in the histories of modern India and Germany is a movement away from their respective national and linguistic boundaries toward exploration of global connections and resultant entanglements. It has been facilitated by new interventions made by transnational and transregional histories, which have become more prominent, both intellectually and institutionally, in Germany with the rise of the Global History approach in recent years. Modern South Asian history, too, has successfully moved beyond the colonial and nationalist framework to explore the larger terrain of Indian Ocean history as well as the wider connections both within and beyond the British Empire. These developments have given rise to an exciting meeting point that brings modern Indian and German histories together. The essays in this special section are focused on connections forged in Germany and, specifically, in Berlin, while also tracing the prehistory and afterlives in the colony and newly independent nations in South Asia. At the same time, our articles locate Indo-German histories within a wider global context as well.
Specters and Circulation of Meaning
Authors: Katiboğlu Monica 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs an innovative literary movement marked by intensified transaction with European languages and literatures, Edebiyat-ı Cedide (“New Literature,” 1896–1901) has been conceptualized in terms of European influence. Yet paradigms of influence neglect to account for the ways in which Edebiyat-ı Cedide authors come to terms with the asymmetrical relations of power between languages as they articulate their own vision of a modern Ottoman language comparable to European languages in an earlier moment of global modernization. I argue that Edebiyat-ı Cedide's engagement with language exposes the ways in which they deal not only with the specter of the European linguistic other as a referent of superiority, but also with the specter of Arabic and Persian as intimate linguistic others. Within the broader context of Ottoman linguistic modernization of the nineteenth century, I examine the ways in which Edebiyat-ı Cedide forges a comparable language and the tensions involved therein.
Quantitative analyses of EGFR localization and trafficking dynamics in the follicular epithelium
Authors: Revaitis Nicole T. , Niepielko Matthew G. , Marmion Robert A. , Klein Eric A. , Piccoli Benedetto , Yakoby Nir 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
To bridge the gap between qualitative and quantitative analyses of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tissues, we generated an sfGFP-tagged EGF receptor (EGFR-sfGFP) in Drosophila. The homozygous fly appears similar to wild type with EGFR expression and activation patterns that are consistent with previous reports in the ovary, early embryo, and imaginal discs. Using ELISA, we quantified an average of 1100, 6200 and 2500 receptors per follicle cell (FC) at stages 8/9, 10 and ≥11 of oogenesis, respectively. Interestingly, the spatial localization of the EGFR to the apical side of the FCs at early stages depended on the TGFα-like ligand Gurken. At later stages, EGFR localized to basolateral positions of the FCs. Finally, we followed the endosomal localization of EGFR in the FCs. The EGFR colocalized with the late endosome, but no significant colocalization of the receptor was found with the early endosome. The EGFR-sfGFP fly is an exciting new resource for studying cellular localization and regulation of EGFR in tissues.
Mental health, sleep quality and quality of life in individuals with and without multiple health conditions during home quarantine in India due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Patra Ramesh Chandra , Kanungo Biswajit , Bawa Parul 
Published: July 2020

Background: Since the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic, global spread has created several challenges for the general public and health care workers across the world. The primary aim of this study was to assess the psychological stress, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life (QoL) of individuals with multiple health issues during home quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: 50 individuals were recruited between 28th March and 30th April 2020, who have a history of chronic health issues, and 50 individuals with no health issues for this cross-sectional study. Three questionnaires were used to evaluate the mental health [depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21)], sleep quality [Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)], and QoL [short form of health-related questionnaire (SF-36)] of participants. Statistical analysis was carried out with Student’s t-test, using SPSS software v16. Results: Baseline demographic characteristics were homogenous for both groups of participants. Intergroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in mental health (p<0.001), sleep quality (p<0.001), and QoL (p<0.001) between the two groups. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that individuals with chronic health issues exhibit higher mental health problems, lower quality of sleep and have a lower health-related QoL. More research needs to be done for this group of individuals and the Government should plan to care of these individuals.
Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-collagenase activity of Rosa damascena L. flower petal and receptacle extract
Authors: Elfitriani Elfitriani , Raif Ahmad , Ginting Chrismis N. , Ikhtiari Refi 
Published: July 2020

Background: Rosa damascena L. is the most notable species of the Rosaceae family in the world, and has been used in food, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry. Bioactive compounds in this flower are known to have several activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory. In this study, the antioxidant and collagenase inhibitory activities of R. damascena L. petal and receptacle extracts were evaluated. Methods: Ethanolic extraction of R. damascena L. petals (EERP) and R. damascena L. receptacles (EERR) were obtained, and bioactive compounds (flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, and triterpenoids) were classified by phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activities were analyzed by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay, while anti-collagenase analysis was examined through the inhibition of collagenase. Results: Phytochemical test revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, triterpenes, and tannin. EERP showed higher FRAP activity (164.23 ± 1.34 μM Fe(II)) than EERR (12.85 ± 6.19 μM Fe(II)). EERP also had higher inhibitory activity of collagenase (IC50 = 115.48±1.78 µM/mL) compared to EERR (IC50 = 141.96±6.13 µM/mL). Conclusions: R. damascena L. petal and receptacle ethanol extracts contain several components, such as phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenes, triterpenoids, and steroids. These extracts exhibit antioxidant activity and collagenase inhibition. R. damascena L. petal extract showed higher antioxidant activity through FRAP assay and inhibitory activity of collagenase than R. damascena L. receptacle extract.
Risk factors for completed suicide among people who use drugs: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Murphy Lisa , Lyons Suzi , O'Sullivan Michael , Lynn Ena 
Published: July 2020

Background: Research over the past several decades has shown an increased risk for completed suicide among people who use drugs (PWUD). However, no study to date has attempted to summarise the available literature on the variety of risk factors associated with this increased risk. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review that aims to systematically map and synthesise the extent and nature of published, unpublished and grey literature related to risk factors for suicide PWUD. Methods: The following six-stage methodological framework for scoping reviews proposed by Arksey and O’Malley with enhancements by Levac and colleagues will be used: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) study selection, (4) charting/mapping the data, (5) collating, summarising and reporting results and (6) expert consultation. The review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Key inclusion and exclusion criteria will be developed to guide literature screening and data charting. Three reviewers will conduct the initial screening of published, unpublished and grey literature. Identified risk factors will be collated, summarised and categorised iteratively by two independent reviewers. Stakeholder consultation will occur with experts from a national steering committee, a national advisory group, a national suicide prevention centre and a European drug monitoring centre. Conclusion: Collating and thematically categorising the various risk factors for suicide among this high-risk group will hold important implications for future research, policy and practice. The research will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed academic journal and a conference presentation, and by sharing the findings with key stakeholders working within research, policy-making and professional practice contexts.
Kryzys ukraiński wyzwaniem dla rozwoju relacji gospodarczych Ukrainy z Unią Europejską
Authors: Labuda Marta 
Published: July 2020

The Ukrainian Crisis as a Challenge for Development of Economic Relations between Ukraine and European Union
The present article is an attempt to look at European economic integration in terms of the Ukrainian crisis that not only Ukraine, but the entire area of Eastern Europe and the European Union must deal with. The purpose of the research is to demonstrate the impact of the Ukrainian crisis on economic integration of Ukraine with the EU. The research has been based on a mixed methodology due to the interdisciplinary subject of the article. The sequential exploratory strategy has been used. The research proves the Ukrainian crisis contributes to the trade exchange instability and causes disruptions in capital cooperation between the EU and Ukraine. The serious crisis shows how important a solid policy is to integrate this country with the EU.
Women Writers and the Images of Women Representation in the Post-Colonial Literature. Case Study of Zuwaira Isa Jos and Her Struggles.
Authors: Ibrahim Balbasatu 
Published: July 2020

Women in Northern Nigeria although seemed and portrayed by many as naïve and back ward educationally, economically and politically, are blessed with talents and determination . These qualities make them able to struggle and overcome most of the cultural inhibitions; of gender discriminations and religious misconceptions that hinder them from participating in decision making and accessing other basic necessities for human development. They manage to break the silence and raise their voices through oral and written literature, where they lament and admonish the society against some cultural practices that are usually targeted at women folks. In this paper one of such women writers; Zuwaira Isa Jos, and her works are discussed.
Dualität in der regelungstechnischen Methodenentwicklung
Authors: Rudolph Joachim 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Dualitätskonzept ist für lineare Systeme etabliert, wobei im zeitvarianten Fall der Begriff des adjungierten Systems ins Spiel kommt. Es war außerdem eine stete Quelle der Inspiration über den linearen Fall hinaus. Einige Beziehungen zwischen dem linearen zeitvarianten Fall und der Analyse sowie dem Entwurf nichtlinearer Systeme werden in Erinnerung gebracht und aus einem neuen Winkel betrachtet. Dabei spielen die Linearisierung um Trajektorien und eine Betrachtung unabhängig von Zustandsdarstellungen eine Schlüsselrolle. Regler- und Beobachterentwurf werden mit Hilfe sog. kanonischer Formen ebenfalls diskutiert.