bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical Bayes method for Boltzmann machines
Authors: Yasuda Muneki , Obuchi Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We consider an empirical Bayes method for Boltzmann machines and propose an algorithm for it. The empirical Bayes method allows for estimation of the values of the hyperparameters of the Boltzmann machine by maximizing a specific likelihood function referred to as the empirical Bayes likelihood function in this study. However, the maximization is computationally hard because the empirical Bayes likelihood function involves intractable integrations of the partition function. The proposed algorithm avoids this computational problem by using the replica method and the Plefka expansion. Our method is quite simple and fast because it does not require any iterative procedures and gives reasonable estimates at a certain condition. However, our method introduces a bias to the estimate, which exhibits an unnatural behavior with respect to the size of the dataset. This peculiar behavior is supposed to be due to the approximate treatment by the Plefka expansion. A possible extension to overcome this behavior is also discussed.
Heat supply for the town Velingrad (Bulgaria) and thermo mineral waters of Bulgaria and Russia
Authors: Svalova V , Tetimova S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Russia and Bulgaria have rich resources of thermal waters. They are used for many purposes - for development of electric power, for central heating and cooling, for hot water supply, in agriculture, animal industries, fish culture, in the food, chemical and oil-extracting industries, in balneology and spas, and for the recreational purposes. Involving of these waters in economic activities can promote the decision of some social - economic and environmental problems. The problem of heat supply for town Velingrad (Bulgaria) is investigated.
XRD-investigations of the mechanism of lithium sorption from the separated liquid of the Pauzhetskaya geothermal power plant (Kamchatka) by modified zeolites
Authors: Belova T P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The process of extracting lithium ions from the separated liquid of the Pauzhetskaya Geothermal Power Plant by modified zeolites of the Yagodninsky deposit of Kamchatka region has been experimentally studied. The four most characteristic reflexes at 2θ, deg.: 25.68, 27.11, 27.43 and 27.68 were singled out on the basis of the study of the solid phase composition of the modified sorbent on the X-ray diffractometer RIGAKU Ultima-IV (Japan). It has been established that there occurs displacement of the position of the reflexes with a change in the interplanar distance and a change of the peak width value at the semi-height (FWHM) in the process of modification. The predominant mechanism is the ion exchange H+→Me+: the calcium and magnesium ions that have been preserved in the zeolite structure during acidic treatment are exchanged for sodium and potassium ions Me2+→2Me+. The total sorption capacity of the modified sorbent during sorption from an technogenic solution under dynamic conditions is 0.31 mmol/g.
Hydrologic balance between surface waters and geothermal fluids in Dixie Valley, north-central Nevada, USA
Authors: Jones Adam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Geothermal power production relies on elevated temperature, high-enthalpy and consistent transmissivity from the tapped geothermal system. The Dixie Valley power plant in north-central Nevada, has been in operation for the last 30 years with sustained fluid production and has experienced negligible temperature decrease. Indicating that the power plant has produced sustainably from the resource in that time. Chemical and isotope analysis does infer that the thermal fluids produced at the power plant are from meteoric sources yet the Dixie Valley hydrologic basin receives only an average total annual recharge of 28 million m3. The average annual fluid production at the power plant is more than 20 million m3, and would amount to a substantial portion of the total yearly aquifer recharge being produced by this facility. Mountain precipitation is suggested as the primary source for thermal fluid recharge. Mountain infiltration into regional aquifers ranges from 3-15% of precipitation and valley surface recharge is negligible due to roughly equivalent precipitation and evapotranspiration. It is unlikely that infiltration from mountain recharge is the primary fluid for this geothermal resource but rather a regional input from the broader subsurface saturated zone that supplies this system.
Structure, substance and near-surface magmatic chambers of Mutnovsky and Gorely volcanoes (Mutnovsky geothermal region, Kamchatka). I. Geological position of the volcanoes
Authors: Selyangin O B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Geological position of two close active volcanoes in Southern Kamchatka – Mutnovsky and Gorely perspective for geotechnological development as sources of energy and raw materials is presented. Multicone ridged volcanoes edifices of a general linear range are localized respectively in front and near rear zones of the Kuril-Kamchatka island arc system in the zone of crust decompression with different depth of their basement. The characteristics of the volcanoes positions are considered as the reasons for the differences of compositions and evolution features of magma feeding them.
Structure, substance and near-surface magmatic chambers of Mutnovsky and Gorely volcanoes (Mutnovsky geothermal region, Kamchatka). III. Gorelovsky volcanic center of Mutnovsky geothermal area
Authors: Selyangin O B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The information about the structure, development and composition of the rocks of long-lived Gorelovsky volcanic center, which modern activity stage is represented by multicone intracaldera Gorely volcano with a developed fracture (rift) zone is shown. The features of magma activity in the conditions of low density of hosting crustal rocks are discussed. The conjugation of the directional evolution of magmatic material and magma-conductive structure of the volcanic centre with the formation of modern near-surface magmatic chamber of Gorely volcano is represented.
New data on the stability of flow in steam-water geothermal well
Authors: Shulyupin A N , Chermoshentseva A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
New data on the stability of flow in the steam-water geothermal well are presented. There are facts of failures during commissioning of wells, testing which implied a positive result. An explanation of the marked phenomenon is presented in basis of new notions about stability of flow in the steam-water geothermal wells.
Spectral matching and propagation ground motion earthquake from bedrock to surface
Authors: Saputro I T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ground motion earthquake is the acceleration data of ground during the earthquake. The tool used to obtain this data is called the accelerogram. In Indonesia, this data is difficult to obtain due to the limitations of the tool. It needed to analyze high-rise building because analysis structure of high-rise building used the dynamic load from the earthquake. This data is important in analyzing earthquake-resistant buildings. Besides from the accelerograms tool, this data can be obtained through seismic hazard analysis process. This was obtained by taking ground motion from elsewhere and then uniforming the spectrum response results with the location being reviewed. Wave propagation from bedrock to the soil surface will see the amplification process so this needs to be reviewed as well. Based on seismic hazard analysis results obtained ground motion suitable for matching process is San Fernando 1971. Peak ground acceleration on bedrock obtained is about 0.2608 g. After wave propagation to the surface, the peak ground acceleration is about 0.3001 g. Based on that, Amplification factor earthquake waves is about 1.12.
Evaluation of asphalt porous mixture properties due to addition of Arenga pinnata and coconut fibers
Authors: Rachman F , Syammaun T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traffic condition, as well as tropical climate condition in Indonesia, demands high care to produce water resistance based surface layer in the flexible pavement industry. Asphalt porous is one of various technologies that could become promising prospects in this regard. However porous asphalt features might result in lower ability of pavement to endure traffic load. Thus, this study tries to find solution to previously mentioned issue by adding natural fibers to porous asphalt mixture by measuring the permeability, binder drains down, and void in mixture. The natural fiber is known to have in own strength to endure tensile force, and among many natural fibers available, we choose two of the most abundant material in Indonesia, which are Arenga Pinnata fibers and Coconut fibers. The result in this study is the addition of Arenga Pinnata fibers, or Coconut fibers results in decrease of both permeability and binder drain down test value for 8% to 35% and 32% to 73% respectively while it increases the void in mixture.
Comparison of cantabro test using Arenga pinnata fiber and coconut fiber in porous asphalt
Authors: Syammaun T , Rachman F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a preliminary investigation on using Arenga pinnata fiber (APF) and coconut fiber (CCF) in porous asphalt (PA). The samples were prepared with various percentages of fibers (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%) by weight of bitumen and evaluated. The laboratory tests included air abrasion loss and water abrasion loss. The results indicate that the addition of fibers provides a positive effect on the properties of PA. A certain amount of fibers as an additive appears to improve resistance to raveling and stripping. However, adding too much fiber would result in higher abrasion loss value and increase the air void.
Physical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement
Authors: Sunarjono S , Hidayati N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sustainable construction is becoming an important issue in pavement engineering. The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for road reconstruction gives both technical and environmental benefits. Unfortunately, the properties of cold asphalt mixture using RAP is still behind of hot asphalt mixture using fresh aggregate. The objective of research is to explore the physical properties of RAP in order to understand the factors affecting the lack of cold asphalt mixture performance. The laboratory physical tests on RAP and fresh aggregate were performed to investigate particle shape, specific gravity, gradation, and bulk density. It is found that the presence of aged bitumen in the RAP affects the shape formation, specific gravity, absorption, and gradation of RAP. All those factors cause the bulk density of compacted RAP decrease. This finding opens the knowledge of why cold asphalt mixture using RAP is worse than using fresh aggregate.
Design of mobile, portable and ergonomic fish smoke machine on a motorcycle
Authors: Nurmianto E , Anzip A , Sampurno  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Built and Used On Motorcycle The Mobile, Portable, and Ergonomic Fishmaker are the design of a fish-shaped fog-shaped device transformed into a tool that is on a motorcycle. During this fuming, results are still not optimal because it still interferes with the eyes, nose, and lungs. Smoked fish is only natural without a touch of technology and innovation. The shape of this cupboard is considered appropriate because it has an optimal smoke capacity, a good level of strength so stable when the process of curing, has a practical design because it is easy to carry, dismantled and stored. This fumigation equipment uses motorcycles, with higher production capacity and socialization to the public about the use of proper and correct fish sauce. The innovation of this tool is the reduction of smoke that combines some smoke-reducing functions to be harmless but safe, comfortable and healthy for the users and effective for the products of processed seafood. Its innovative advantages are Practically shaped like cupboard, sturdy and sleek; Ergonomic can be designed and redesigned according to user size; Mobile can be taken anywhere and light; Portable can be off pairs making it easier and lighter to carry and can be used inside the house if the outside is raining; Smoke free because smoke is trapped in the cupboard and after the smoke is complete the valve can be opened then the smoke will be wasted through the chimney after that the fish can be taken; Hygienic and leave a delicious aroma on fumigation results.
Environmental benefit of public fleet fueled by LPG/Vi-Gas in Magelang City, Indonesia: A Simulation Study
Authors: Widodo E M , Setiyo M , Rosyidi M I , Purnomo T A , Waluyo B , Purnomo B C , Murniningsih R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a simulation study on the utilization of LPG/Vi-Gas for public transport in Magelang City. Estimates of CO2 reduction per year are calculated theoretically and based on data from NEDC experiences. Both of these methods show positive results, reducing CO2 by theoretical calculations and comparing with NEDC experiences are 13.6 and 11 tons per year, respectively. In conclusion, the utilization of LPG/Vi-Gas for public fleets in Magelang city is feasible to be implemented as the Government’s effort to reduce CO2 emission from transportation sector.
Analysis of the security level of modified CBC algorithm cryptography using avalanche effect
Authors: Astuti N R D P , Arfiani I , Aribowo E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There have been many modifications of cryptographic algrotima aimed at increasing the security of the algorithm. One cryptographic algorithm that has been modified is CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) cryptography. CBC is a block-based modern cryptographic algorithm. The disadvantages that exist in CBC is the encryption process in each block plainteks using the same key, resulting in if the cryptanalyst finds the key that is used it will be easy to decrypt the ciphertext. Modifications made to CBC aimed at increasing security is by combining the Vigenere algorithm in determining the key and block transposition on the final reading of the encryption process. Parameters for assessing the algorithm are good or not by looking at the value of avalanche effect. A cryptographic algorithm will be categorized as good if the value of avalanche effect ranges between 45%-60% and bernilia is very good if the value of avalanche effect is 50%. The results of this study indicate that the modified CBC cryptographic algorithm resulting from the encryption process of several plaintexts has Avalanche effect values in the range above 50% and below 60%, which means that the modified CBC algorithm is of good value.
The effect of copper flame holder application on butane combustion characteristics in meso-scale combustor
Authors: Sudarman  , Fauzi I , Soegiharto A F H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This experimental research aims at determining the characteristics of butane combustion in Mesocombustor made of a quartz glass tube with a diameter of 3.5 mm and an outer diameter of 5 mm. The findings revealed that the flammability limit became wider with sharp curve narrowing. The narrowing of flammability limit did not occur in the other flame holder made of mesh stainless steel. Different from stainless steel conductivity, copper has declining thermal conductivity in each of temperature increase. The wider flame section was due to the increase of temperature in each flow velocity.
Application of catalytic converter copper catalyst with honeycomb surfaces to reduce emissions of flue gas in motorcycles
Authors: Siregar M A , Siregar C A , Muharnif  , Siregar A M , Maulana I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The application of a catalytic converter is believed to be able to accelerate the process of chemical reaction in vehicle exhaust gas. This will have an impact on reducing the high rate of air pollution from motorcycles exhaust gases. This study will compare the exhaust emission value of the standard exhaust muffler with the exhaust that has been installed catalytic converter. Catalytic converter which is made from copper with honeycomb surfaces. The motorcycle used with an engine capacity of 125 CC. Testing is done based on three different engine rotation that is 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, and 4000 rpm. The result, at 4000 rpm engine speed decrease CO emission level of 1.76%, HC of 73 ppm and CO2 of 1.7%.
Early diversification and permeable species boundaries in the Mediterranean firs
Authors: Balao Francisco , Lorenzo María Teresa , Sánchez-Robles José Manuel , Paun Ovidiu , García-Castaño Juan Luis , Terrab Anass 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsInferring the evolutionary relationships of species and their boundaries is critical in order to understand patterns of diversification and their historical drivers. Despite Abies (Pinaceae) being the second most diverse group of conifers, the evolutionary history of Circum-Mediterranean firs (CMFs) remains under debate.MethodsWe used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) on all proposed CMF taxa to investigate their phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status.Key ResultsBased on thousands of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we present here the first formal test of species delimitation, and the first fully resolved, complete species tree for CMFs. We discovered that all previously recognized taxa in the Mediterranean should be treated as independent species, with the exception of Abies tazaotana and Abies marocana. An unexpectedly early pulse of speciation in the Oligocene–Miocene boundary is here documented for the group, pre-dating previous hypotheses by millions of years, revealing a complex evolutionary history encompassing both ancient and recent gene flow between distant lineages.ConclusionsOur phylogenomic results contribute to shed light on conifers’ diversification. Our efforts to resolve the CMF phylogenetic relationships help refine their taxonomy and our knowledge of their evolution.
The Role of a Resident Aesthetic Clinic in Addressing the Trainee Autonomy Gap
Authors: Shakir Sameer , Kozak Geoffrey M , Nathan Shelby L , Davis Harrison , Whitely Cutler , Broach Robyn B , Fosnot Joshua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Our institution supports a chief resident aesthetic clinic with the goal of fostering autonomy and preparedness for independent practice in a safe environment.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare safety profiles and costs for common aesthetic procedures performed in our resident versus attending clinics.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted of all subjects presenting for aesthetic face, breast, and/or abdominal contouring surgery at our institution from 2008 to 2017. Two cohorts were identified: subjects undergoing surgery through the chief resident versus attending clinics. Aesthetic procedures queried included: (1) blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty, or rhytidectomy; (2) augmentation mammaplasty, reduction mammaplasty, or mastopexy; (3) abdominoplasty; and (4) combination. Demographics, perioperative characteristics, costs, and postoperative complications were analyzed.

Results
In total, 262 and 238 subjects underwent aesthetic procedures in the resident and attending clinics, respectively. Subjects presenting to the residents were younger (P &lt; 0.001), lower income (P &lt; 0.001), and had fewer comorbidities (P &lt; 0.001). Length of procedure differed between resident and attending cohorts at 181 and 152 minutes, respectively (P &lt; 0.001), although hospital costs were not significantly increased. Total costs were higher in the attending cohort independent of aesthetic procedure (P &lt; 0.001). Hospital readmissions (P &lt; 0.05) and cosmetic revisions (P &lt; 0.002) were more likely to occur in the attending physician cohort. Postoperative complications (P &lt; 0.50) and reoperative rates (P &lt; 0.39) were not significantly different.

Conclusions
The resident aesthetic clinic provides a mechanism for increased autonomy and decision-making, while maintaining patient safety in commonly performed cosmetic procedures.
A Prospective Study on Risk Factors for Olfactory Dysfunction in Aging
Authors: Palmquist Eva , Larsson Maria , Olofsson Jonas K , Seubert Janina , Bäckman Lars , Laukka Erika J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Olfactory dysfunction (OD) refers to a reduced or absent ability to smell. OD negatively impacts health and quality of life and its prevalence increases with advancing age. Since OD may be an early marker of dementia and impending death, more knowledge regarding risk factors of OD in aging is warranted. The objective was therefore to explore longitudinally which demographic, genetic, clinical, lifestyle, and cognitive factors predict the development of OD.

Methods
The study included participants aged 60–90 years from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), who did not have OD at baseline and were reassessed with an odor identification task at a 6-year follow-up (n = 1,004). Risk factors of OD were assessed with multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results
The percentage of incident OD cases was 14.2% over 6 years in the total sample and this number increased monotonically with age. Increasing age, carrying the ε4 allele of the APOE gene, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease, and current smoking were found to be risk factors for the development of OD, whereas better olfactory identification and verbal episodic memory proficiency at baseline were identified as protective factors.

Conclusions
In addition to nonmodifiable factors (age and genetic risk), several modifiable risk factors of OD were identified. This suggests that it might be possible to reduce OD incidence through the management of vascular risk factors and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle.
Size structure, sex ratio, and condition factor of the pink shrimp Penaeus (Farfantepenaeus) notialis Pérez Farfante, 1967 (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata: Penaeidae) in the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Ramírez Argiro , Paramo Jorge 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We determined size structure, sex ratio, and condition factor for the pink shrimp, Penaeus notialisPérez Farfante, 1967 in the Caribbean coast of Colombia, information essential for the design of management and conservation strategies to ensure a sustainable fishery. Total length (TL; ± 0.01 mm) ranged from 79.47 to 192.80 mm TL (mean 148.21 ± 17.75) for females and 79.00–181.83 mm TL (mean 122.52 mm ± 12.55) for males. Statistically significant differences (P &lt; 0.01) in size and weight (± 0.1 mg) between sexes were found year-round; males were smaller and weighed less than females. The sex ratio showed significant differences (P &lt; 0.01) between the total number of females and males per total length class when compared with a 50% sex ratio. The monthly sex ratio showed significant differences between the number of females and males. The weight-length relationship showed positive allometric growth (b = 3.118) for females, whereas negative allometric growth (b = 2.663) was observed for males. The condition factor (K) ranged 0.0002–0.0023 (mean 0.0009 ± 0.0007) for females and 0.0005–0.2179 (mean 0.0316 ± 0.0642) for males.