bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Barriers and Facilitators of Iranian Men's Involvement in Perinatal Care: a Qualitative Study
Authors: hajian sepideh , mehran nahid , simbar masoumeh , majd hamid alavi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth are crucial events in women's lives that can be done well with the support of people around them, especially their husbands. However, a number of factors can reduce or increase the supportive role of spouses during this period. The aim of the present study was to explain the barriers and facilitators of Iranian men's involvement in perinatal care.Materials and Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted with the conventional content analysis approach and with use of purposeful sampling method with the involvement of pregnant women or the women who have recently given birth (one week to six months after childbirth), spouses, policy makers and midwifery service providers. The inclusion criteria included: being Iranian, the ability to understand and transfer the concepts into Persian, and employment in a midwifery center for at least one year (for service providers). Data were collected through in-depth interviews until the data saturation. The collected data were analyzed by conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman method steps. MAXQDA version 10 software was used to manage the data and Guba and Lincoln criteria were also used to ensure the trustworthiness of findings. Results: After analyzing of the data, they were classified in 2 sub-categories and 3 main categories including gender authoritarian attitudes (including subjective norms, stereotypes and hidden fears), constraints (including individual, organizational, socio-economic and legislative constraints), and incentives (including individual, family, economic, legislative, and organizational incentives).Conclusion: The results revealed that men face a number of declining and increasing factors in participating in perinatal care, which have been neglected and it is necessary to pay attention to role of these factors in maternal and neonatal health promotion programs.
A comprehensive analysis of the lncRNAs and genes for the gastric carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Wei , Li Minzhe , Lin Shaofeng , Xiao Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGastric carcinoma (GC) in one of the most common malignant tumors in the worldwide. Despite numerous studies, the molecular mechanism of is still unclear and the prognosis of GC remains poor.MethodsThe present study obtained expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The gene risk signature and lncRNA signature were constructed by performing the univariate cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. The receive operator curve (ROC) analysis was applied to evaluated the specificity and sensitivity of risk signature. The potential pathway was performed by using the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA).ResultsIn total, 1641 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 985 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were obtained among GC samples. A 6 prognostic DEGs (DIRC1, IQCM, MATN3, SOX14, C5orf46 and CYP19A1) classifier and 9 prognostic DElncRNAs (AC007126.1, AC011352.1, AL356417.2, AP000695.1, LINC01210, LINC01614, VCAN-AS1, AC005165.1 and AC011586.2) classifier were identified using lasso-penalized multivariate survival modelling with 10 fold cross-validation. According to median risk score, patients were divided into high risk group and low risk group. The overall survival result for patients have a significant divergence between high rosk group and low risk group (p < 0.001). The 6 DEGs signature risk model and 9 DElncRNAs signature risk model was further verified that can served as an independent prognostic biomarkers for GC prediction among the clinical traits (P < 0.001). Moreover, two independent cohort GEO dataset (GSE13911 and GSE70800) was employed to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the prognostic gene and prognostic lncRNA. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) result for the risk model revealed that these gene involved in ECM receptor interaction pathway, ERBB signaling pathway, UBIQUITIN mediated proteolysis, cell adhesion molecules CAMS, ECM receptor interaction, focal adhesion, pathways in cancer and TGF beta signaling pathway, meaning that the prognostic gene risk model and lncRNAs risk model play an crucial role and have important prognostic values.ConclusionThese findings may have important significance in understanding the molecular mechanism of GC and potential therapeutic method for the GC patients.
Natural products as inhibitors of COVID-19 main protease – A virtual screening by molecular docking
Authors: omrani Marzieh , Bayati Mohammad , Mehrbod Parvaneh , Nejad-Ebrahimi Samad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes a severe respiratory illness that was unknown in the human before. Its alarmingly quick transmission to many countries across the world resulted in a worldwide health emergency. It has caused a notable percentage of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an imminent need for drugs to combat this disease has been increased. Global collaborative efforts from scientists are underway to find a therapy to treat infections and reduce death cases. Herbal medicines and purified natural products have been reported to have antiviral activity against Coronaviruses (CoVs).Methods: In this study, a High Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS) protocol was used as a fast method on the discovery of novel drug candidates as the COVID-19 main protease inhibitors. Over 180,000 natural product-based compounds were obtained from the ZINC database and virtually screened against the COVID-19 main protease. In this study, the Glide docking program was applied for high throughput virtual screening. Extra precision (XP) and in a combination of Prime module, induced-fit docking (IFD) approach was also used. Additionally, the ADME properties of all compounds were analyzed, and the final selection was carried out based on the Lipinski rule of five. Results: The nineteen compounds were selected and introduced as new potential inhibitors. The compound ZINC08765174 (1-[3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propanoyl]-N-(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)piperidine-3-carboxamide) showed a strong binding affinity (-11.5 kcal/mol) to the crucial residues of COVID-19 main protease comparing to peramivir (-9.8 kcal/mol) as a positive control.Conclusions: The excellent ADME properties proposed the opportunity of this compound to be a promising candidate for the treatment of COVID-19.
Focus on renal blood flow in mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Fogagnolo Alberto , Grasso Salvatore , Dres Martin , Gesualdo Loreto , Morelli Elena , Ottaviani Irene , Marangoni Elisabetta , Volta Carlo Alberto , Spadaro Savino 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with ARDS due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) seem particularly susceptible to AKI. Our hypothesis was that the renal blood flow could be more compromised in SARS-CoV-2 patients than in patients with “traditional” ARDS. We compared the renal resistivity index (RRI) and the renal venous flow (RVF) in ARDS patients with SARS-CoV-2 and in ARDS patients due to other etiologies.Materials and Methods: Prospective, observational study performed on 30 mechanically ventilated patients (15 with SARS-COV-2 ARDS and 15 with ARDS). Ultrasound Doppler measurements of RRI and RVF pattern were performed in each patient.Results: Patients with SARS-COV-2 ARDS had higher RRI than patients with ARDS (0.71[0.67–0.78] vs 0.64[0.60–0.74], p=0.04). RVF was not-continuous in 9/15 patients (71%) in the SARS-COV-2 ARDS group and in and 5/15 (33%) in the ARDS group (p=0.27). A linear correlation was found between PEEP and RRI in patients with SARS-COV-2 ARDS (r2=0.31; p=0.03) but not in patients with ARDS. Occurrence of AKI was 53% in patients with SARS-COV-2 ARDS and 33% in patients with ARDS (p=0.46).Conclusions: We found a more pronounced impairment in renal blood flow in mechanically ventilated patients with SARS-COV-2 ARDS, compared with patients with “traditional” ARDS.
A Method to evaluate analytical sensitivity of qRT-PCR kits for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Wang Di , Wang Zhidong , Wu Xiao , Zhang Yongzhuo , Gao Yunhua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread across the globe and is representing a huge challenge for all human population. Many commercial qRT-PCR assays have been developed to detect SARS-CoV-2, but related method validation especially the sensitivity evaluation has been insufficient, resulting in some false-negative cases have been reported. Methods: The analytical sensitivity of nine brands of qRT-PCR kits for detecting SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in parallel based on a newly developed certified reference material, which was derived from genomic RNA of SARS-CoV-2 from clinical positive specimens. After validation of the the reference material by digital PCR, the detection sensitivity of these kits was preliminarily tested using the serially diluted reference material, resulting in three kits with two significantly different sensitivity levels were selected for further evaluation. We sequenced the qRT-PCR products for assay specificity evaluation, and used serial dilutions of the reference material to calculate amplification efficiency and estimate the limit of quantification as well as 95% limit of detection..Results: The results indicated that the analytical sensitivity varied markedly among these kits. For the three types of qRT-PCR kits (Kit-1, Kit-2 and Kit-7), specificity of the PCR products was confirmed by sequence alignment, in which the target amplicons completely matched the corresponding parts of the genome of SARS-CoV-2. The resulting limit of detection from replicate tests for the Kit-1 and Kit-2 was 5.6 copies (N), 3.5 copies (ORF 1ab), and 6.4 copies (N), 4.6 copies (ORF 1ab), respectively, at 95% probability. Compared with Kit-7, the limit of detection as well as limit of quantification of Kit-1 and Kit-2 were significantly lower, further supporting that the both kits worked well to detect low abundance of SARS-CoV-2.Conclusions: Considering that most of the tested kits have been approved for in vitro diagnostics (IVD) in China, the established method here provides a reliable tool to evaluate the sensitivity performance of various qRT-PCR kits for SARS-CoV-2 detection and thus enhance quality control of qRT-PCR assays, improving the laboratory diagnostic capability for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso
Authors: Boubacar Sinare , Desmae Hailemichael , Miningou Amos , Nebie Baloua , Eleblu John , Kwadwo Ofori , Traore Appolinaire , Zagre Bertin , Tabo Ramadjita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) is one of the major legume crop grown as food and cash crops across the agro ecological zone in Burkina Faso. It is ranked 2nd legume crop in the country, in term of importance, for household food, nutrition and income generation for both rural and urban zone, contributing significantly to food supply and the country economy. However, groundnut was downgrade long ago, forsaken and the groundnut sector is still struggling, with a low productivity, disorganized groundnut sector and a weak breeding program, due to several constraints. Assessing and describing the present groundnut cropping system and production constraint will eventually serve as a basis to guide efficiently the groundnut breeding activities. Methods: A Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) study was conducted in three groundnuts production areas (Central-Eastern, Central-Northern and Central- Western). A total of 124 farmers were involved in the study to collect data on socio-demographics, farming system, cropping practices and identified production constraints. Analysis was carried out for qualitative and quantitates variables using STATA 14. Mean variance were determined across regions and gender, and pairwise ranking were used to assess the level of agreement for variables ranking among the three regions using Kendall's W. Pearson's correlation was carried out to assess the relationship between variables. Results: The study revealed a cropping system of groundnut in an environment largely affected by climate change, and in a subsistence and extensive agriculture. There is a variance in groundnut cropping system across the regions with similarities in the cropping practices. Gender plays a key role in the production of the groundnut and 48.39% of women are engaged in groundnut cropping with less access to land and production resources. A yield gap between men and women has been observed denoting a huge inefficiency between men and women. Production constraints, although similar, are perceived and appreciated differently across the region. The lack of improved varieties, Absence of agricultural credit, lack of materials, high price of seeds, high price of fertilizer, drought and disease are some of the important constraints compromising the crop. Conclusion: This study provides a recent view of groundnut cropping, allowing good understanding of farmer’s situation. The result, will contribute to an efficient refining of breeding priorities and guide further activities in groundnut breeding in Burkina Faso.
Impact of Acute Kidney Injury on Survival in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Jeon Hankyu , Kim Jae Heon , Lee Sang Soo , Kim Hee Jin , Cha Ra Ri , Cho Hyun Chin , Lee Jae Min , Ha Chang Yoon , Kim Hyun Jin , Kim Tae Hyo , Jung Woon Tae , Lee Ok-Jae 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is expected to occur commonly in patients with chronic hepatitis C. In addition, AKI may affect the survival of patients with chronic hepatitis C. However, few studies are available on this topic. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of AKI in patients with chronic hepatitis C and investigate the factors related to overall mortality. Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2018, 1252 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were retrospectively enrolled at two centers. Of them, 1008, 123, and 121 patients had chronic hepatitis (CH), compensated cirrhosis (Com-LC), and decompensated cirrhosis (Decom-LC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at entry, respectively. Results: Over a mean follow-up period of 5.2 years, 285 patients developed AKI, with an incidence rate of 4.35 per 100 person-years. The incidence of AKI increased gradually with progression of chronic hepatitis C: CH (3.32 per 100 person-years), Com-LC (5.86 per 100 person-years), and Decom-LC or HCC (17.28 per 100 person-years). Patients without AKI showed a better survival rate than patients with AKI (P < 0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, AKI (hazard ratio, 6.66; 95% confidence interval, 4.26–10.41) remained an independent risk factor for overall mortality. Conclusion: AKI is common in patients with chronic HCV infection and is associated with significant overall mortality. Therefore, clinicians should carefully monitor the occurrence of AKI, which is an important predictor of mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Perceptions of mothers and healthcare professionals to contributors and preventions of loss-to-follow-up and child mortality at the PMTCT program after option B + guideline implementation in northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kassaw Mesfin Wudu , Matula Samuel T. , Mamo Ayele , Kassie Ayelign , Abate Biruk 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The third United Nations Sustainable Development Goal includes a commitment to end HIV. In lined with the Sustainable Development Goal, Option B+ programs hold great promise for preventing transmission of HIV and moving towards an “AIDS-free generation. However, an estimated 110,000 AIDS-related deaths occurred among children in 2015. The Global Plan also identified Ethiopia as one of 22 high priority countries for improved prevention of mother to child HIV transmission services. But, there is a scarcity of data on the contributors of loss to follow up and mortality after option B+ guideline implementation in the Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Methods: This study conducted in five zones of the Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. The study considers mothers that admitted to the 5-referral hospitals’ PMTCT departments, midwifery professionals who work in the respective hospital’s PMTCT departments, and HIV officers. The period for data collection was from March 21 to May 18/2019. An in-depth qualitative interview employed to gain access to the participants’ experiences and conducted an inductive qualitative content analysis.Results: Mothers, health professionals, and HIV officers were asked about the contributors of lost to follow up in the Amhara region. The participants’ suggestions on the causes categorized into a health facility, stigma and discrimination, and socioeconomic status themes. On the prevention of loss to follow up, the views of study participants were categorized into health facility improvement, psychosocial support, and loss to follow up retention mechanisms. On the causes of HIV related mortality, participants’ views categorized into vertical HIV transmission, carelessness of parents, and poor socioeconomic status themes. In the recommendations to prevent loss to follow up and mortality, participants forwarded their suggestions for health facilities and professionals and civic societies. On the prevention of mortality, participants’ views categorized into health care and mothers’ awareness.Conclusions: The participants were emphasizing the health facilities, health care professionals, and awareness of families to prevent loss to follow up and mortality among exposed infants after admission to the PMTCT program. Hence, concerned bodies mainly minister of health should outline on improving the service provided in the PMTCT department.
Paraganglioma with Hyperglycaemia as the Main Symptom: A Case Report.
Authors: Wu Yanbin , Wang Xuewen , Guo Chenglong , Cao Xuefeng , Cheng Yu , Chen Qiangpu , Zhang Xingyuan , Kong Lingqun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Paraganglioma (PGL) is a rare neuroendocrine tumour derived from the extra- adrenal gland that is also known as ectopic pheochromocytoma (PHEO). The typical clinical symptoms are paroxysmal hypertension with headache, sweating and palpitation. However, PGL with abnormal glucose metabolism as the main manifestation is rare.Case Presentation: In this case, the patient had a history of diabetes for 13 years and showed persistently increased blood glucose. The application of multiple hypoglycaemic drugs to control the patient’s blood glucose was ineffective, and a limited effect of high-dose insulin was observed. This patient underwent a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan(CT),showing a soft tissue density shadow (3.2×2.4cm) with clear edges and slight enhancement in the medial side of inferior vena cava. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and significant blood pressure changes were observed when the tumourwas removed during the operation. The patient’s blood glucose decreased significantly and hypoglycaemiawas noted when the patient’s original dose of insulin was maintained. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after the operation.Conclusions: Hyperglycaemia caused by PGL is rare in the clinic; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the relevant blood glucose indexes during the preoperative examination and diagnosis process to improve the examination process and further assist in the preoperative diagnosis of PGL. It is necessary to pay attention to changes in blood pressure during and after the operation to avoid hypoglycaemia. Lifetime follow up is necessary after the operation.
The Nature of Self-Injurious Behaviours Prevalent Among the Youth.
Authors: Singh Ritika , Rizvi Sabeen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviours (SITBs) include a spectrum of self-harming behaviours that an individual may choose to engage in - one such behaviour is labelled as Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). The current study was carried out to assess the epidemiological factors associated with NSSI, regarded as a clinical disorder included under the Conditions for Further Study in the DSM-5, and to explore its association with borderline personality traits. Additionally, it also aimed at assessing the reasons why individuals indulge in SITBs.
Methods

Inclusion criteria for the participants were age 18–24 (in years) and provision of written informed consent to participate in the research. The Alexian Brothers Assessment of Self-Injury, McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder, and Self-Injurious Thoughts Behaviours Interview were used as the clinical assessment tools. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics (mean and SD), along with a qualitative measure to explore the themes associated with SITBs.
Results

Participants included 123 (female − 72.35%) young adults (age in years: M = 21.26, SD = 3.67), selected with purposive sampling. 51.21% (female n = 51; age in years: M = 21.03, SD = 1.55) of the total participants endorsed NSSI behaviour, and among them, 39.68% reported having suicidal ideation at least once in their lifetime. Further, the study revealed that participants who endorsed SITBs scored high on MSI-BPD, suggesting an association between the two. 22.22% met the diagnostic criteria of NSSI Disorder under DSM-5. Engagement in SITBs was found to be motivated by automatic negative and positive reinforcement, social negative reinforcement, and self-punishment. Lastly, cognitive appraisal of circumstances acts as a primary precipitant to SITBs. This study draws attention on the alarming ubiquity of SITBs and the similar factors associated with it in many countries of the world.
Conclusions

The study reiterates emphasis on the notion that adolescents are incredibly vulnerable to adapting harmful mechanisms to cope with their struggles. The research indicates high prevalence rates of different forms of SITBs in the general population and the risk at which self-harming individuals operate.