bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial dynamics and investor-oriented approaches for regulating the equity-based crowdfunding
Authors: Cicchiello Antonella Francesca , Pietronudo Maria Cristina , Leone Daniele , Caporuscio Andrea 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe aim of this research is to contribute to the existing literature about the entrepreneurial conditions in crowd-based contexts by describing how different European countries regulate equity crowdfunding market in order to incentive the investments and protect investors.Design/methodology/approachBased on a legal acts' analysis, we conduct a qualitative study comparing the crowdfunding regulation addressed to investors. In particular, we focus our analysis on the European countries with the highest concentration of crowdfunding platforms (i.e. the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain).FindingsThe results show that some countries, such as the UK, Germany and France, present an investor-oriented approach based on non-restrictive regulation, while other countries, such as Spain and Italy, have a restrictive approach that protects investors excessively and discourages them. In particular, the case study of France shows how the introduction of unrestricted regulation can produce positive effects on the volume of crowdfunding transactions.Practical implicationsThe paper is addressed to investors, policymakers and intermediaries (platforms) to help the first in orienting themselves between the different crowdfunding regulations and the latter in aligning and orchestrating rules and norms.Originality/valueThis is the first study that analyses the role of investor-oriented regulations in the promotion of entrepreneurship through the identification of four key factors to monitor equity crowdfunding regulations.
Family businesses in North Macedonia: evidence on the second generation motivation and entrepreneurial mindset
Authors: Ejupi-Ibrahimi Arta , Ramadani Veland , Ejupi Diellza 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to portray the motivation, willingness and entrepreneurial mindset of second generation in family businesses in North Macedonia.Design/methodology/approachFor purposes of this study, 25 interviews were conducted, where 14 interviews were conducted by phone, six face to face and five interviews in a written form. The process of data collection lasts 15 days. From the sample, 21 were Albanians and four were Macedonians, with this mix of ethnicities the authors had a chance to see different opinions for the same questions.FindingsThe authors found that most of second-generation members were happy and motivated for being part of their family business, except three participants those were imposed to their family business. Also, most of them possess entrepreneurial mindset, motivation, innovative ideas and risk-taker attributes.Research limitations/implicationsIn this research were included only few cities of North Macedonia and the number of the sample is limited, due to the COVID-19 situation. Another limitation is that the study is done only with two nationalities.Originality/valueThere are a very few papers that treat family businesses in North Macedonia, and this is the only one that treats motivation, willingness and entrepreneurial mindset of second-generation members of family businesses in this country and the region.
Persons with intellectual disability in prison
Authors: Spreat Scott 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence with which individuals with intellectual disability are housed in jails and prisons.

Design/methodology/approach
This was a literature review of individuals with intellectual disability who are in prison.

Findings
Persons with intellectual disability are imprisoned approximately seven times more frequently than would be expected by their prevalence in the general population.

Research limitations/implications
Factors likely to contribute to this overrepresentation are reviewed, including need for supports and acquiescence of people with intellectual disability.

Practical implications
People who have intellectual disability do not receive needed supports and services in prison.

Social implications
Supports are needed to end this overreliance on prisons to support people who have intellectual disability.

Originality/value
The paper highlights the magnitude by which imprisonment exceeds the level that would be expected from population prevalence alone. It highlights the problems associated with insufficient funding and supports.
A supporting framework for estimating no fault found cost: development and application in the aircraft MRO industry
Authors: Singh Vipin Prakash , Ganguly Kunal 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis research aims to develop a new generic framework for estimating different maintenance costs (preventive, corrective and conditional based) and its distribution to original equipment manufacturer (OEM), customer and supply chain due to no fault found (NFF) events. The study extend the domain of NFF to military aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) by including broader range of cost drivers than are normally found in maintenance NFF literature.Design/methodology/approachThe research applies the soft system methodology involving 80 field surveys and five in depth semi-structured interviews with practicing experts having background in military aircraft NFF MRO. For impact analysis, authors have used an agent-based model to represent and prioritize the critical NFF cost drivers during aircraft MRO based on the cost inputs of 21 technology transfer cases.FindingsThe paper provides imperial insights about how NFF cost drivers affect the OEM, customer and supply chain. It suggests that NFF cost need to be part of the commercial MRO contract, depending on its frequency pattern in different types of maintenances.Research limitations/implicationsThe context of the current research is military aircrafts industry and may lack generalizability to commercial aircrafts. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.Practical implicationsThe developed framework will provide invaluable help in key financial decision-making during signing of MRO contract in technology transfer cases.Originality/valueThis paper proposed a new prediction model for NFF cost estimation across its shareholders and current status of NFF in military aircraft NFF MRO in India.
Smart contracts to enable sustainable business models. A case study
Authors: Dal Mas Francesca , Dicuonzo Grazia , Massaro Maurizio , Dell'Atti Vittorio 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe objective of this study is to deepen how blockchain technology through smart contracts can support the development of sustainable business models (SBMs). Particularly, the authors aim to determine the key elements enabling SBMs by applying smart contracts.Design/methodology/approachThe research context focusses on the case study of SmartInsurance, which is a fictitious name for a start-up in the insurance sector and the real name of which is not to be revealed. The start-up was able to collect 18m euros in 80 s in a crowdfunding operation, using smart contracts and a revolutionary business model. Internal as well as external documents of different sources are analysed and coded to gather information about the company, its values and its business and what it pursues with employing blockchain technology.FindingsThe results show how smart contracts can reduce the costs of transactions, increase social trust and foster social proof behaviours that sustain the development of new SBMs.Originality/valueThis study contributes to both the transaction cost theory and social proof theory, showing how new technologies such as the blockchain can provide a fresh perspective to support the development of SBMs.
Identification and prioritization of issues to implementation of information-facilitated product recovery system for a circular economy
Authors: Dwivedi Ashish , Agrawal Dindayal , Madaan Jitender 
Published: July 2020

PurposeInformation-facilitated product recovery system (IFPRS) has captivated industry attention and has developed into a matter of consideration among the researchers because of enhanced climate concerns, jurisdictive logics and societal liabilities. Although IFPRS implementation has become an essential aspect in manufacturing industries functional in the developed nations, still, limited consideration has been given in the literature to analyze the issues to IFPRS implementation for a circular economy (CE) in emerging and developing nations. Therefore, the objective of this study is to recognize issues to implementing IFPRS for a CE in context of select manufacturing industries in India.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, 24 potential issues are established from the literature and from suggestions from the experts. The issues are clubbed under five different perspectives of technical, government, organization, policy and knowledge. Further, fuzzy VIKOR technique is applied on the results obtained to prioritize the identified issues. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to check the robustness of the framework.FindingsThe present study shows that lack of skills and expertise in IFPRS implementation for a CE (I2), deficient capital to implement a CE in IFPRS (I9), inadequate in adopting recent IT technology (I18), feasibility of IFPRS employment for a CE (I6) and no efficient training and program to CE adoption (I21) are the top five potential issues in implementing IFPRS practices for a CE in Indian manufacturing industries.Research limitations/implicationsIn literature, limited study has been observed on determining issues to implementation of IFPRS for a CE. A more systematic method and statistical confirmation is necessary to establish further new confronting issues. This study is limited to Indian manufacturing industries.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this study includes identification of issues and later prioritizing them to reflect their severity. This would help the industry practitioners to formulate strategies for handling the issues conveniently.
Aesthetic outcome of intralesional injection of lauromacrogol as a single‐agent treatment for uncomplicated infantile hemangiomas: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Lin Peng‐Fei , Chen Fa‐Chun , Chen Jia‐Yao , Jiang Cheng‐Hong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInfantile hemangiomas (IH) are at risk of incomplete regression with remnant permanent sequelae, ranging from passive waiting for spontaneous regression to active systemic administration. The application of traditional therapy involving injection of a sclerosing agent is limited due to the difficulty in achieving cosmetic improvement. This study aimed to explore a new injection method that could not only promote tumor regression but also achieve cosmetic improvement. A total of 122 IH (from 109 children) injected intralesionally with lauromacrogol in the Plastic Surgery Department of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital between 1 January 2012 and 1 June 2019 were enrolled in this study. The mean follow‐up time was 2.9 years. Of 122 lesions studied, 111 (91.0%) achieved complete regression, 10 (8.2%) achieved significant regression and one (0.8%) achieved moderate regression. In terms of aesthetic appearance, 70 (57.4%) IH had no sequelae and the A score was 5/5. Twenty‐one (17.2%) IH had minimal hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation or telangiectasia and the A score was 4/5. Thirty‐one (25.4%) IH had left mild or relatively obvious sequelae and the A score was 1–3/5. None of the 122 IH involved had rebound growth after terminating the treatment. Hyper‐ or hypopigmentation gradually faded over time and part of the IH had already returned to normal appearance by the time of long‐term follow up. The results indicated that this new type of injection therapy significantly promoted the regression of uncomplicated IH and helped achieve the expected cosmetic appearance.
Light supports cell‐integrity and growth rates of taxonomically diverse coastal photoheterotrophs
Authors: Arandia‐Gorostidi Nestor , González José M. , Huete‐Stauffer Tamara M. , Ansari Mohd I. , Morán Xosé Anxelu G. , Alonso‐Sáez Laura 
Published: July 2020

SummaryDespite the widespread distribution of proteorhodopsin (PR)‐containing bacteria in the oceans, the use of light‐derived energy to promote bacterial growth has only been shown in a few bacterial isolates, and there is a paucity of data describing the metabolic effects of light on environmental photoheterotrophic taxa. Here, we assessed the effects of light on the taxonomic composition, cell integrity and growth responses of microbial communities in monthly incubations between spring and autumn under different environmental conditions. The photoheterotrophs expressing PR in situ were dominated by Pelagibacterales and SAR116 in July and November, while members of Euryarchaeota, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated the PR expression in spring. Cell‐membrane integrity decreased under dark conditions throughout most of the assessment, with maximal effects in summer, under low‐nutrient conditions. A positive effect of light on growth was observed in one incubation (out of nine), coinciding with a declining phytoplankton bloom. Light‐enhanced growth was found in Gammaproteobacteria (Alteromonadales) and Bacteroidetes (Polaribacter and Tenacibaculum). Unexpectedly, some Pelagibacterales also exhibited higher growth rates under light conditions. We propose that the energy harvested by PRs helps to maintain cell viability in dominant coastal photoheterotrophic oligotrophs while promoting the growth of some widespread taxa benefiting from the decline of phytoplankton blooms.
Hospitality industry economic innovation out of tradition small–medium‐size enterprises in North‐Eastern Thailand
Authors: Suvittawat Adisak 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study focuses on the creation of economic innovation out of tradition in small–medium‐size hospitality industry enterprises in the north‐eastern part of Thailand. We looked at the role of the roots of the business on its development and the roots vary from existing old traditional accommodations, to accommodations that developed out of a restaurants or a totally different types of hospitality related or unrelated businesses. We also looked as hospitality institutions that developed out of an existing building that could house accommodations or be expanded to a hotel. With the structure naturally comes the location. In real estate as in tourism location plays a very important role, location, location and location. So a three‐star hotel may have developed out of a homestay or a bed and breakfast or a simple family restaurant. We did not look at the hotels that were the result of planned developments of real estate developer and hotel franchise operator. Innovation is broadly defined as a new idea, method or product. Product, process or service innovations may have their roots in the traditions of the business. Traditions are long established customs, believes that have been transmitted over generations or time in general terms. The study is quantitative in nature and explored a convenience sample 100 small–medium‐size hospitality enterprises in the north‐eastern part of Thailand by administrating a pretested survey to the owner/operators. The sample is a good representation of the hospitality industry in Thailand under the business model of tradition as an engine for innovation and the ongoing academic debate which generates implications for hospitality industry best practices and as strategic resource.
Race Matters: The Materiality of Domopolitics in the Peripheries of Rome
Authors: Ivasiuc Ana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis essay explores the political struggles around the making of the peripheral neighbourhood of Nuova Ponte di Nona in Rome, examining the place that housing occupies in securitarian domopolitics as a politics of protecting one's home while at the same time (re)producing the materiality of the neighbourhood along class and race divides. The essay calls for a greater analytical focus on issues of materiality in the recently emerging debates on ‘domopolitics’ or ‘the politics of home’—a politics which constructs various scales of territory as a ‘home’ to be protected against invading outsiders cast as enemies. It conjoins debates around urban materiality with debates around the fear of racialized others outside the home as constitutive of the development of the ‘domestic fortress’. In this regard, the essay takes up the argument on the centrality of race in securitization moves, providing empirical support for the increased analytical emphasis on the workings of race alongside those of class, and on the embeddedness of racializing practices in corporeality and urban material culture.
Does internal information quality impact corporate cash holdings? Evidence from China
Authors: Xiong Feng , Zheng Yaping , An Zhe , Xu Si 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of internal information quality (IIQ) on corporate cash holdings in China. Employing two widely used IIQ measures (i.e., the earnings announcement speed and the absence of financial restatements), we show a significant and negative association between IIQ and corporate cash holdings. This negative relation is concentrated among complex firms (i.e., firms with more business segments), non‐state‐owned firms, and firms with poor corporate governance. Our findings are valid after we consider endogeneity issues. This paper suggests that the quality of the internal information environment plays an important role in influencing firms’ cash holding decisions.
Media attention to locations and the cross‐section of stock returns
Authors: Tang Guomei , Zhang Xueyong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between media attention to a location and the price behaviour of stocks headquartered there. Using monthly media coverage of 236 prefecture‐level cities in mainland China, we find that stocks in cities with higher abnormal media attention outperform stocks in cities with lower abnormal media attention by 3.72 percent per year, and the positive relationship between attention and returns holds after controlling for firm characteristics, firm‐level attention proxies and local economic conditions. Moreover, the initial positive price pressure is completely reversed within three months. Our results remain robust when we take endogeneity and other concerns into account.
Gender, ethnicity and stock liquidity: evidence from South Africa
Authors: Nguyen Ha Thanh , Muniandy Balachandran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the gender and ethnic composition of corporate boards (board of directors and audit committee) on stock liquidity in the context of South Africa. More specifically, we focus on the interaction effects of gender diversity and ethnic diversity on stock liquidity. Using a sample of listed South African firms for the period 2009–2013, we find that firms with more female or black directors on corporate boards are associated with a higher level of stock liquidity. However, the interaction effect indicates that the positive impact of ethnic diversity on stock liquidity is attenuated with the greater presence of gender diversity. These findings are explained through board effectiveness and corporate information flows.
Democratization and Representative Bureaucracy: An Analysis of Promotion Patterns in Indonesia's Civil Service, 1980–2015
Authors: Pierskalla Jan H. , Lauretig Adam , Rosenberg Andrew S. , Sacks Audrey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCivil service organizations in the developing world often lack women and minorities in leadership positions. This has important consequences for the quality of public goods provision and the perceived trustworthiness of bureaucrats. We explore the effect of democratization on the discrimination of women and minorities in the civil service. We argue democratization leads to increased discrimination due to the politicization of identity cleavages. We test our argument using administrative data from Indonesia that cover the career histories of more than four million active civil servants. We exploit the exogenous timing of Indonesia's democratization and the staggered introduction of local direct elections for identification purposes. We find strong evidence that democratization worsened the career prospects of female and some religious minority bureaucrats. Penalties are higher for employees of departments led by conservative Muslim parties, in districts with larger Muslim party vote shares or larger Muslim populations, and in the religiously conservative province of Aceh.
Establishment of a novel miniature veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation model in the rat
Authors: Fujii Yutaka , Sumikura Hirohito , Nagahama Daisuke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecently, veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V‐V ECMO) has been commonly used in the world to support patients with severe respiratory failure. However, V‐V ECMO is a new technology compared to veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and cardiopulmonary bypass, and there are few reports of basic research. Although continuing research is desired, clinical research that standardizes conditions such as patients’ background characteristics is difficult. The purpose of this study was to establish a simple and stably maintainable miniature V‐V ECMO model to study the mechanisms of the biological reactions in circulation during V‐V ECMO. The V‐V ECMO system consisted of an original miniature membrane oxygenator, polyvinyl chloride tubing line, and roller pump. The priming volume of this system was only 8 mL. Polyethylene tubing was used to cannulate the right femoral vein as the venous return cannula for the V‐V ECMO system. A 16‐G cannula was passed through the right internal jugular vein and advanced into the right atrium as the conduit for venous uptake. The animals were divided into 2 groups: SHAM group and V‐V ECMO group. V‐V ECMO was initiated and maintained at 50‐60 mL/kg/min, and oxygen was added into the oxygenator during V‐V ECMO at a concentration of 100% (pump flow:oxygen = 1:10). Blood pressure was measured continuously, and blood cells were measured by blood collection. During V‐V ECMO, the blood pressure and hemodilution rate were maintained around 80 mm Hg and 20%, respectively. Hb was kept at >10 g/dL, and V‐V ECMO could be maintained without blood transfusion. It was possible to confirm oxygenation of and carbon dioxide removal from the blood. Likewise, the pH was adequately maintained. There were no problems with this miniature V‐V ECMO system, and extracorporeal circulation progressed safely. In this study, a novel miniature V‐V ECMO model was established in the rat. A miniature V‐V ECMO model appears to be very useful for studying the mechanisms of the biological reactions during V‐V ECMO and to perform basic studies of circulation assist devices.