bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population density of the peanut worm Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (Sipunculus: Phascolosomatidae) in the mangrove forest of Gianh river, Quang Binh province
Authors: My Huong Nguyen Thi , Chung Ngo Dac , Ba Le Huy 
Published: March 2020

The peanut worm, Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865), is a non-segmented worm, with a coelom, most live in areas of shallow water, tidal areas or the sea. Currently, the number of individuals in Peanut worm populations are declining considerably due to over-exploitation and habitat degradation. However, information on individual density and biomass of Peanut worm populations in Vietnam is still lacking, as is information on environmental factors affecting them. This study was carried out at various sites in the lower reaches of mangrove forest of the Gianh river, Quang Binh province. We calculated individual and hole densities per month by counting the number of individuals and holes according to each site area. We found significant differences (p ≤ 0.037) among sampled sites in hole density (from 1.43 to 2.54 holes/m2, average of 1,96 holes/m2), individual number (from 45 to 81 individuals, average of 62 individuals/site area), and biomass (from 20.27 to 51.16 g/m2, average of 34.57 g/m2). However, individual density (from 0.51 to 0.98 individuals/m2, average of 0.68 individuals/m2) was not significantly different among sites. Water temperature, pH, and salinity have the significant effect on individual and hole densities, individual number, and biomass of peanut worms (p ≤ 0.001; excepting water temperature affects the biomass of peanut worms). Excepting biomass, average individual and hole densities, as well as individual number of peanut worms, were greater in the dry season than in the rainy season (p < 0.0001).
Keywords: Siphonosoma australe australe, biomass, density, mangrove forest, peanut worms, Gianh river.
Citation: Nguyen Thi My Huong, Ngo Dac Chung, Le Huy Ba, 2018. Population density of the peanut worm Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (sipunculus:phascolosomatidae) in the mangrove forest of gianh river, Quang Binh province. Tạp chí Sinh học, 40(2): 138–144. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v40n2.8511.
*Corresponding author: myhuong_s4qt@quangbinh.edu.vn
OBJECTS DURABILITY UNDER PRESSURE DEPENDING ON BUILD STRUCTURE
Authors: Skabs Elmārs Aloizs , Lipskis Arturs , Rēvalds Ritvars , Poplavskis Elvijs , Kļaviņš Dainis 
Published: March 2020

Pētījumā, izmantojot 3d printeri, tika printētas vienāda izmēra sagataves ( 30mm x 30mm x 12mm), taču ar dažādām uzbūves struktūras pildījumiem (zvaigzne, trīsstūtis, taisnstūris, sešstūris u.c) Tad sagataves tika ievietotas spiedes mašīnā, lai pārbaudītu to mehānisko izturību. Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot, kurš no struktūras uzbūves veidiem ir visizturīgākais zem spiedes mehāniskas ietekmes uz sagatavi.Tika izmantotas šādas uzbūves struktūras – Zvaigzne, trīsstūris, taisnstūris, režģis, kubs, koncentriski apļi, sešstūris un astoņstūris. Pētījuma tika noskaidrots maksimālais spēka daudzums ņūtonos, kuru sagatave spēja izturēt. Kategorijā ar 20% aizpildījumu visizturīgākā bija sagatave ar zvaigznes struktūras uzbūvi. No trim mēģinājumiem vislielākais sasniedzamais spēks bija 11300N. Vidējais maksimālais spēks sasniedza 11066 N lielu spēku. Otra izturīgākā bija sagatave ar režģa struktūras uzbūvi. No trim mēģinājumiem vislielākais sasniedzamais spēks bija 10200N liels spēks. Vidējais maksimālais spēks sasniedza 9486N. Trešā izturīgākā sagatave bija ar sešstūra struktūras uzbūvi. No trim mēģinājumiem vislielākais sasniedamais spēks bija 8910N liels spēks. Vidējais maksimālais spēks no trim mēģinājumiem sasniedza 8736N lielu spēku.
Constitutional Voice for Good Governance in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Ashraful , Hasina Nusrat 
Published: March 2020

Good governance is a real drive behind a country’s development. It protects the human rights, ensures the justice, maintains law an order and provides equal opportunities to the masses. It provides the fruits of progress and development to all and sundry. Participation, transparency and rule of law, are some essentials of good governance. It is a vital aspect at all levels of society and state. It makes the system of the state effective and efficient. Good governance is not well rooted in Bangladesh due to some challenges. Civil society is trying to focus the concept for smooth development and stability of a country. Because, people of the country enjoy equal rights where there is good governance. Minorities live freely and exercise their religion. Therefore, a welfare state can only exist if there is good governance.
JEL Classification Code: K1
The Problems of Managing Tourism Business in Bangladesh: Causes and Remedial Measures
Authors: Tuli Ferdouse Ara 
Published: March 2020

Tourism Business is one of the fastest growing businesses in Bangladesh. It creates ample job opportunities for the unemployed people in Bangladesh. This business has been contributing remarkable to boost-up the economic development in Bangladesh. But the tourism business in Bangladesh has been suffering from the problems of effective management. Thus, this article aims to explore the causes of management problems facing the tourism business in Bangladesh. This article also attempts to provide the remedial measures to overcoming the existing management problems facing the tourism business in Bangladesh.
JEL Classification Code: M 10; M 12; M 14
La acción directa y el derecho de defensa del asegurado
Authors: Ariza Sánchez Diana 
Published: March 2020

No hay duda que dentro de la normativa colombiana, la consagración de la acción directa en contra de las aseguradoras constituye un mecanismo práctico y garantista, que les facilita a las víctimas de eventos constitutivos de responsabilidad civil un acceso menos tortuoso a la realización del derecho a la reparación integral. No obstante, el ejercicio de dicha acción acarrea una serie de problemáticas procesales y sustanciales de cara al asegurado (civilmente responsable), cuya resolución dista de ser pacífica. Particularmente, dichas dificultades se sintetizan en la necesidad o no de integrar en el contradictorio al asegurado, como quiera que su responsabilidad civil será un punto insoslayable de controversia en el litigio entablado en contra de la aseguradora. El presente artículo pretende explorar el marco jurídico que permite comprender correctamente la anotada dificultad, así como proponer una respuesta al mismo, desde la perspectiva del derecho colombiano.
La regulación del flujo de datos personales entre la Unión Europea y el Reino Unido tras el Brexit = The regulation of the flow of personal data between the European Union and the United Kingdom after Brexit
Authors: Gascón Marcén Ana 
Published: March 2020

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es considerar qué ocurrirá cuando Reino Unido se convierta en un país tercero para la Unión Europea y cómo afectará esto a la libre circulación de datos personales que existía antes de su salida del mercado único digital. Se prestará especial atención al análisis de los mecanismos que permitirían continuar transfiriendo datos desde el Espacio Económico Europeo al Reino Unido y, en particular, la posibilidad de una decisión de adecuación y los problemas que puede encontrar.Palabras clave: protección de datos personales, Brexit, decisión de adecuación, Unión Europea, Reino Unido. Abstract: The objective of this paper is to consider what will happen when the United Kingdom becomes a third State for the European Union and how this will affect the free movement of personal data that existed before its exit from the digital single market. Special attention will be paid to the analysis of the mechanisms that would allow the transfer of data from the European Economic Area to the United Kingdom and, in particular, the possibility of an adequacy decision and the problems it may encounter.Keywords: personal data protection, Brexit, adequacy decision, European Union, United Kingdom
Optimization and Characterization of Highly Stable Nanoemulsion for Effective Oil-Based Drilling Fluid Removal
Authors: Meng Renzhou , Wang Chengwen , Shen Zhonghou 
Published: March 2020

Summary
In this study, an oil-in-water nanoemulsion for the effective removal of an oil-based drilling fluid has been developed by means of the phase-inversion concentration method. The influence of four factors on the droplet size and removal efficiency were tested, including the mass ratio of mixed surfactants (Rm), the surfactant/oil ratio (SOR), the mass concentration of cosurfactant (cco), and the salinity of the saline solution (cs). Considering the application environment of displacement spacers, the long-term stability and temperature resistance were investigated. The results showed that Rm and SOR had an obvious influence on the removal efficiency and droplet size of nanoemulsions. Because of the synergy effect of the surfactants, the nanoemulsion possesses remarkable storage stability and temperature resistance. Moreover, the removal mechanisms of the nanoemulsion were analyzed by the dynamic interfacial tension (IFT), dynamic wetting angle, and solubilization tests. The results indicated that the nanoemulsion could spread rapidly and thoroughly on the oil-wetting surfaces, and the nanoemulsion can contain more oil while the system is still stable, which is beneficial for the removal of an oil-based drilling fluid.
Leakage Prevention and Real-Time Internal Detection in Pipelines Using a Built-In Wireless Information and Communication Network
Authors: Cintra Renato J. , de Oliveira Thiago , Mintchev Martin P. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryA series of recent pipeline leakage incidents created severe societal concerns to a point of impeding, or even completely preventing, building new pipelines in North America. Various systems have been proposed to identify and locate leakages. However, despite the fact that pipelines remain the safest means of oil and gas transportation, incidents still persist and pipeline acceptance from the public has become compromised. In order to address the need for early leakage detection, while providing comprehensive leakage prevention, a novel pipeline system is proposed. This concept builds on the already existing pipe-in-pipe design by segmenting the pipeline system with segmentation rings and embedding a linear wireless network in the annular airgap between the two pipe layers. Presence of fluid in the case of a leakage into the interpipe space causes degradation of the wireless network to a point of interrupting the communication in a particular pipeline segment well before any external leak occurs. Thus, the internal leak is detected in real time by an external central unit connected to the linear wireless network, as demonstrated with a 6 ft 8 in. experimental pipeline setup.
Preoperative anemia and total hospitalization time are the independent factors of preoperative deep venous thromboembolism in Chinese elderly undergoing hip surgery
Authors: Feng Long , Xu Longhe , Yuan Weixiu , Xu Zhipeng , Feng ZeGuo , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study was designed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of preoperative deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) in Chinese elderly with hip fracture. Methods From January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2018, 273 elderly patients over 70 years old with elective hip surgery were collected from the electronic medical records. Collected data included demographic characteristics, comorbidities, ASA classification, types of previous operations, types of anesthesia, operation time, fracture to operation time, preoperative hemoglobin level, anemia, blood-gas analysis, whether transfusion, preoperative hospitalization, postoperative hospitalization, cardiac function, electrocardiograph, lower limb venous ultrasonography and hospitalization time. Results In these 273 patients, 15(5.6%) had ultrasonography evidence of DVT in affected limbs before surgery. Three of all patients received an temporary inferior vena cave filter placement preoperatively. Fracture to surgery time, preoperative hemoglobin level, anemia, preoperative hospitalization, pulmonary disease and total hospitalization time were statistically different between DVT group and non-DVT group (P<0.05 for all). Moreover, preoperative anemia (OR: 0.144, 95%CI: 0.026-0.799, P=0.027) and total hospitalization time (OR: 1.135; 95%CI: 1.023-1.259, P=0.017) were the two independent risk factors for preoperative DVT. Conclusion Preoperative anemia and total hospitalization time were independent risk factors for venous DVT in Chinese elderly with hip fracture.
Integration of sRNA, degradome, transcriptome analysis and functional investigation reveals gma-miR398c negatively regulates drought tolerance via GmCSDs and GmCCS in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean
Authors: Zhou Yonggang , Liu Weican , Li Xiaowei , Sun Daqian , Xu Keheng , Feng Chen , Foka Idrice Carther Kue , Toi Ketehouli , Gao Hongtao , Wang Nan , Dong Yuanyuan , Wang Fawei , Li Haiyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Drought conditions adversely affect soybean growth, resulting in severe yield losses worldwide. Increasing experimental evidence indicates miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. However, the drought-responsive molecular mechanism underlying miRNA–mRNA interactions remains largely uncharacterized in soybean. Meanwhile, the miRNA-regulated drought response pathways based on multi-omics approaches remain elusive. Results: We combined sRNA, transcriptome and degradome sequencing to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanism mediating soybean drought resistance. One-thousand transcripts from 384 target genes of 365 miRNAs, which were enriched in the peroxisome, were validated by degradome-seq. An integrated analysis showed 42 miRNA–target pairs exhibited inversely related expression profiles. Among these pairs, a strong induction of gma-miR398c as a hub gene negatively regulates multiple peroxisome-related genes ( GmCSD 1a/b, GmCSD 2a/b/c and GmCCS ). Meanwhile, we detected that alternative splicing of GmCSD1a/b might affect soybean drought tolerance by bypassing gma-miR398c regulation. Overexpressing gma-miR398c in Arabidopsis thaliana L. resulted in decreased percentage germination, increased leaf water loss, and reduced survival under water deficiency, which displayed sensitivity to drought during seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, overexpressing gma-miR398c in soybean decreased GmCSD 1a/b, GmCSD 2a/b/c and GmCCS expression, which weakened the ability to scavenge O 2 .− , resulting in increased relative electrolyte leakage and stomatal opening compared with knockout miR398c and wild-type soybean under drought conditions. Conclusion: The study indicates that gma-miR398c negatively regulates soybean drought tolerance, and provides novel insights useful for breeding programs to improve drought resistance by CRISPR technology. Keywords: miRNA, degradome, transcriptome, gma-miR398c, drought, soybean
Effect of Peritoneal Dialysis on Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Noh Jihyun , Kim Chae Young , Jung Euiseok , Lee Joo Hoon , Park Young-Seo , Lee Byong Sop , Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan , Kim Ki-Soo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been used occasionally in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of ELBW infants with AKI, who underwent PD from January 2008 to February 2018, were reviewed. A PD catheter (7.5–9.0 Fr) or central venous catheter (4 Fr) was used for the peritoneal access. Treatment with PD solutions (2.5 or 4.25%) was started at 10 mL/kg, which was increased to 20–30 mL/kg for 60–120 min/cycle continuing for 24 hours.Results: Twelve ELBW infants (seven male and five female infants) were treated, and their mean gestational age and birth weight were 27.2 (±3.3) weeks and 706.5 (±220.5) g, respectively. There were two patients who had severe perinatal asphyxia (5-min Apgar score ≤3). The most important indication for starting PD was AKI due to sepsis. The average duration of PD was 9.4 (±7.7) days. The potassium levels in the ELBW infants with hyperkalemia decreased from 6.8 to 5.0 mg/mL after 9.3 (±4.4) days. The most common complication of PD was mechanical dysfunction of the catheters, such as dialysate leakage (75%). Two patients were successful weaned off PD. The mortality rate of the infants treated with PD was 91.7%.Conclusions: The mortality rate of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD is quite high because their organ system is not completely developed. Therefore, the use of PD should be carefully considered for the treatment of ELBW infants with AKI.
The role of human papillomavirus genotyping for detecting high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer in HPV-positive women with normal cytology: A study from a hospital in northeastern China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Deyu , Yang Zhuo , Wang Xiaobin , Wang Danbo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is more sensitive than cytology for detecting cervical cancer and its precursors. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes and evaluate the role of HPV genotyping triage for detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, adenocarcinoma in situ and cervical cancer (HSIL+) in HPV-positive women with normal cytology.
Methods: A retrospective study was performed in women who had undergone co-screening at the China Medical University-affiliated Shengjing Hospital between 2012 and 2014.
Results: Of the 34,587 women, 2,665 HPV-positive women with normal cytology who had received colposcopy were eligible for analysis. In HSIL+ groups of 204 women, the common genotypes were HPV16, HPV52, HPV58, HPV33, HPV31 and HPV18. The proportion of histological HSIL+ in women infected with HPV33 or HPV31 was not significantly different compared to women infected with HPV16 ( P = 0.30, P = 0.19, respectively).The odds ratios for histological HSIL+ were 3.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41–4.40) in women with HPV16/18, 4.21 (95% CI: 2.99–5.93) in those with HPV16/18/31/33, and 5.73 (95% CI: 3.30–9.97) in those with HPV16/18/31/33/52/58. Including HPV31/33 genotyping together with HPV16/18 significantly increased the proportion of HSIL+ detection from 63.2% to 77.5% ( P = 0.002). Moreover, the colposcopy per HSIL+ detection ratio only slightly increased from 7.7 to 8.1 ( P = 0.66).
Conclusion: HPV genotyping played an important role in managing HPV-positive women with normal cytology. Genotyping for HPV31/33 should be added to the previously recommended HPV16/18 genotyping in triaging HPV-positive women in northeastern China.
The role of an encapsulin nanocompartment in resisting silver ion stress
Authors: Xing Chong-Yang , Ma Teng-Fei , Guo Jinsong , Shen Yu , Yan Peng , Fang Fang , Chen You-Peng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Compartmentalization can protect cells from the interference of external toxic substances by sequestering toxic products. We hypothesized that proteinaceous nanocompartments may be a feasible candidate material to be added to genetically modified bacteria for the sequestration of toxic environmental products, which would open up a new biological detoxification pathway. Results: Here, we identified a new mechanism by which bacteria resist silver ion stress. We showed that the self-assembling nanocompartments helped a model species ( E. coli ) resist silver ion stress. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (TEM-EDX) analysis showed that the nanocompartments combined stably with silver ions in vitro . In addition, when exposed to 30 μM AgNO 3 , the survival rate of genetically modified bacteria (with nanocompartments) was 86%, while it was just 59% in the wild-type bacteria (without nanocompartments). Label-free quantitative proteomics indicated that the nanocompartments enhanced bacterial activity by inducing the up-regulation of protein processing and secondary metabolites, and decreased their intracellular silver ion concentration, both of which contributed to their increased resistance to toxic silver ions. Conclusions: This study on nanocompartments has contributed to a deeper understanding of how bacteria respond to environmental stressors like heavy metal pollutants in water, soil, and sediment. The encapsulin nanocompartment has the potential to be applied in various environments.
Comparison of Choriocapillary Flow Density Between Fellow eyes of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Luo Mingyue , Zhao Xinyu , Zhao Nan , Yuan Mingzhen , Yang Jingyuan , Dai Rongping , Chen Youxin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the choriocapillary flow density (CFD) among the fellow eyes of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and healthy controls with spectral-domain optical coherence angiography tomography (SD-OCTA). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, including the fellow eyes of 38 patients with unilateral PCV, 36 patients with unilateral nAMD, and 36 eyes from 36 healthy volunteers. PCV group was further classified into polypoidal CNV (P-CNV) and typical PCV (T-PCV) for subgroup analysis. Age, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) classification and fellow eye diagnosis were acquired. All subjects underwent 6.0 mm scan pattern of SD-OCTA. Circles with radius of 1.00, 1.50 and 3.00 mm were manually selected in choriocapillaris (CC) slab, and CFD was calculated as the percentage of flow area to the whole selected area as CFD-1.00, 1.50, 3.00 respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to study correlation between aforementioned factors with CFD, Results: Mean CFD-1.00, 1.50, 3.00 of nAMD group were 61.51, 63.18 and 66.20, significantly lower than PCV group (65.90, 66.89, 67.94, P<0.001 , <0.001, and 0.010, respectively) and control (66.28, 66.96, 68.42, P<0.001 , <0.001, and 0.001, respectively), while no difference were detected between PCV group and control or between PCV subtypes. AREDS classification and fellow eye diagnosis were correlated with CFD in univariate analysis, but only fellow eye diagnosis remained significantly correlated after multiple linear regression. Conclusions: CFD of nAMD fellow eyes were significantly lower than that of PCV and control eyes, while no difference was detected between PCV and control group, indicating different role of CC loss in early pathogenesis of nAMD and PCV.
Ascending noradrenergic excitation from the locus coeruleus to the anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Koga Kohei , Yamada Akihiro , Song Qian , Li Xu-Hui , Chen Qi-Yu , Liu Ren-Hao , Ge Jun , Zhan Cheng , Furue Hidemasa , Zhuo Min , Chen Tao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays important roles in sensory perception including pain and itch. Neurons in the ACC receive various neuromodulatory inputs from subcortical structures, including locus coeruleus noradrenaline (LC-NA) neurons. Few studies have been reported about synaptic and behavioral functions of LC-NA projections to the ACC. Using viral-genetic method (AAV-DIO-eYFP) on DBH-cre mice, we found that LC-NA formed synaptic connections to ACC pyramidal cells but not interneurons. This is further supported by the electron microscopic study showing NAergic fibers contact the presynaptic inputs and post-synaptic areas of the pyramidal cells. NA application produced both pre- and post-synaptic potentiation effects in ACC excitatory transmission in vivo and in vitro. Activation of LC-NA projection to the ACC by optogenetic method produced enhancement of excitatory transmission in vitro and induced scratching and behavioral sensitization for mechanical stimulation. Our results demonstrate that LC-NA projections enhance or facilitate brain responses to pain and itch by potentiating glutamatergic synaptic transmissions in the ACC.