bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De l’analyse du travail sensoriel lors de prises de décision clinique au co-design d’un scénario de simulation
Authors: Grosjean Sylvie , Bonneville Luc 
Published: October 2020

La dimension sensorielle de la prise de décision clinique pose tout un défi pour la formation des professionnels de la santé. Par conséquent, comment stimuler chez eux une forme d’acuité sensorielle ? Nous avons mené une recherche en partenariat avec le laboratoire de simulation d’un hôpital canadien afin de comprendre le travail sensoriel effectué par des infirmières lors d’une prise de décision clinique. Pour ce faire, nous avons analysé les interactions se déroulant lors des groupes de discussion afin de révéler le travail sensoriel accompli par les infirmières lors de l’évaluation clinique de patients fictifs (personas).
La surveillance du maître-nageur sauveteur, une activité qui s’apprend ?
Authors: Depluvrez Yves , Pirard Florence 
Published: October 2020

Notre recherche étudie l’accompagnement réflexif d’un maître-nageur sauveteur novice et son impact sur son activité de surveillance. Le dispositif de vidéoformation mis en place dans l’étude comporte trois temps : (1)immersion avec une caméra 360°, (2)exploitation d’une plateforme en ligne, (3)surveillance en piscine. Dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous nous centrons sur le troisième temps de formation au travers de l’analyse d’un cas en tentant d’identifier dans quelles conditions et de quelle manière un accompagnement réflexif permet au formé de se réguler afin d’être plus efficace lors de son activité de surveillance.
De l’observation des enfants à l’analyse interactionnelle : contributions de la recherche à la formation continue des éducateurs et éducatrices de l’enfance
Authors: Zogmal Marianne , Durand Isabelle 
Published: October 2020

Cette contribution présente un dispositif de formation continue dans le champ de l’éducation de l’enfance. Une des spécificités de ce type de métiers réside dans les compétences des professionnel.le.s à donner un rôle central à l’observation fine des situations, afin d’ajuster leurs modalités d’actions. Comment un tel travail d’observation peut-il se développer, s’enrichir et se transformer ? Afin de soutenir la co-construction d’un regard analytique portant sur les phénomènes observables dans le déroulement des interactions, une démarche de recherche-intervention met en oeuvre un processus participatif. Elle s’intéresse aux apports d’une perspective interactionnelle pour favoriser la construction d’une telle posture analytique.
Enigmatic epistemic things
Authors: Solberg Anne 
Published: October 2020

The aim of this article is to discuss epistemology, focusing on the epistemic role of artwork in research projects. Porcelaneous is the initial phase of a three-year artistic research project with an artistic component comprising the making of porcelain boards. The porcelain boards and the making process in this initial phase are used as examples from practice. At the core of the epistemological discussion is Hans-Jörg Rheinberger’s theory on experimental systems and epistemic things. Rheinberger advocates for an objective and practice-oriented approach rather than a theoretical approach to experimental research. In his setting, epistemic things are material. This article has concluded that Rheinberger’s theory is about attitudes rather than research methods and that this attitude to epistemological questions is relevant for artistic research.
Multiple H‐Bonding Chain Extender‐Based Ultrastiff Thermoplastic Polyurethanes with Autonomous Self‐Healability, Solvent‐Free Adhesiveness, and AIE Fluorescence
Authors: Yao Yuan , Xu Ziyang , Liu Bo , Xiao Meng , Yang Jianhai , Liu Wenguang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeveloping an autonomous room temperature self‐healing supramolecular polyurethane (PU) with toughness and stiffness remains a great challenge. Herein, a novel concept that utilizes a T‐shaped chain extender with double amide hydrogen bonds in a side chain to extend PU prepolymers to construct highly stiff and tough supramolecular PU with integrated functions is reported. Mobile side‐chain H‐bonds afford a large flexibility to modulate the stiffness of the PUs ranging from highly stiff and tough elastomer (105.87 MPa Young's modulus, 27 kJ m−2tearing energy), to solvent‐free hot‐melt adhesive, and coating. The dynamic side‐chain multiple H‐bonds afford an autonomous self‐healability at room temperature (25 °C). Due to the rapid reconstruction of hydrogen bonds, this PU adhesive demonstrates a high adhesion strength, fast curing, reusability, long‐term adhesion, and excellent low‐temperature resistance. Intriguingly, the PU emits intrinsic blue fluorescence presumably owing to the aggregation‐induced emission of tertiary amine domains induced by side‐chain H‐bonds. The PU is explored as a counterfeit ink coated on the predesigned pattern, which is visible‐light invisible and UV‐light visible. This work represents a universal and facile approach to fabricate supertough supramolecular PU with tailorable functions by chain extension of PU prepolymers with multiple H‐bonding chain extenders.
High‐Performance Flexible Bismuth Telluride Thin Film from Solution Processed Colloidal Nanoplates
Authors: Hollar Courtney , Lin Zhaoyang , Kongara Madhusudan , Varghese Tony , Karthik Chinnathambi , Schimpf Jesse , Eixenberger Josh , Davis Paul H. , Wu Yaqiao , Duan Xiangfeng , Zhang Yanliang , Estrada David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThermoelectric generators are an environmentally friendly and reliable solid‐state energy conversion technology. Flexible and low‐cost thermoelectric generators are especially suited to power flexible electronics and sensors using body heat or other ambient heat sources. Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) based thermoelectric materials exhibit their best performance near room temperature making them an ideal candidate to power wearable electronics and sensors using body heat. In this report, Bi2Te3 thin films are deposited on a flexible polyimide substrate using low‐cost and scalable manufacturing methods. The synthesized Bi2Te3 nanocrystals have a thickness of 35 ± 15 nm and a lateral dimension of 692 ± 186 nm. Thin films fabricated from these nanocrystals exhibit a peak power factor of 0.35 mW m−1·K−2 at 433 K, which is among the highest reported values for flexible thermoelectric films. In order to evaluate the flexibility of the thin films, static and dynamic bending tests are performed while monitoring the change in electrical resistivity. After 1000 bending cycles over a 50 mm radius of curvature, the change in electrical resistance of the film is 23%. Using Bi2Te3 solutions, the ability to print thermoelectric thin films with an aerosol jet printer is demonstrated, highlighting the potential of additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating flexible thermoelectric generators.
Smart Fully Integrated Lab: A Smartphone‐Based Compact Miniaturized Analytical/Diagnostic Device
Authors: Golmohammadi Hamed , Hamzei Zohre , Hosseinifard Mohammad , Ahmadi Seyyed Hamid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite the significant advancements in smartphone technology in Healthcare/Analytics 4.0 era, a substantial gap has still remained in moving smartphone‐based analytical/diagnostic devices (SADs) from purely analyzing systems toward smart fully integrated systems/devices that can perform all the different steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures thoroughly and with high efficiency. Here, the first smart, portable, and compact miniaturized analytical/diagnostic device is presented that integrates the main steps of (bio)analytical/diagnostic procedures, including mixing, separating/centrifuging, analyzing, and microscopy, also the Internet of Things concept onto a platform that entirely operates using smartphone. The potential applicability of the developed smart fully integrated lab (SFIL) is demonstrated for early point‐of‐care (POC) diagnosis and continuous therapy monitoring of phenylketonuria, POC testing of glucose, hematocrit, and albumin, and also diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is proved that the fabricated SFIL is amenable for clinical applications at the POC since its results are in good agreement with the results of the clinical reference methods. Given the advantageous capabilities of the developed SFIL as an efficient, easy‐to‐use, smart, cost‐effective, and portable compact miniaturized SAD, it is believed that it can revolutionize the current smartphone‐based analytical/diagnostic systems and be widely exploited at sites far from centralized laboratory facilities, resource‐limited settings, POC applications, and routine clinical/chemical laboratories.
Heterojunction Channels in Oxide Semiconductors for Visible‐Blind Nonvolatile Optoelectronic Memories
Authors: Tai Mao‐Chou , Wang Yu‐Xuan , Chang Ting‐Chang , Lin Chih‐Chih , Tu Yu‐Fa , Hung Yang‐Hao , Ciou Fong‐Min , Lin Yu‐Shan , Sze Simon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOptoelectronic memory whose digital signals depend on electrical as well as optical sources have attracted tremendous attention recently due to their potential in applications, including optical communication systems, neural networks, and image correlation systems. In this work, metal‐oxide semiconductors for use as optical memory devices are accomplished through a heterojunction channel layer which acts as a quantum confinement architecture confining electrons to the front channel. Compared to conventional memories, which rely on electron injections that cause hot electron degradation, the proposed device is based on a floating body effect. After irradiation, photo‐excited carriers are separated under a lateral electrical field, and generated holes are left in the back channel, which facilitates data storage behavior. Beneficial characteristics include a memory window (≈4.6 V), a high on/off ratio (≈106), and low operating voltage (<20 V). Furthermore, photo‐excited carriers are only generated when irradiated by ultraviolet light, leading to a visible‐blind optical memory. A retention of more than 10 years and endurance cycle of more than 1000 cycles demonstrate its nonvolatile behaviors. This work provides a novel heterojunction channel layer architecture in disordered oxide semiconductors and provides a novel idea for a wide range of unipolar materials in future optoelectronic memory devices.
Functional insights from biophysical study of TREM2 interactions with apoE and Aβ1‐42
Authors: Kober Daniel L. , Stuchell‐Brereton Melissa D. , Kluender Colin E. , Dean Hunter B. , Strickland Michael R. , Steinberg Deborah F. , Nelson Samantha S. , Baban Berevan , Holtzman David M. , Frieden Carl , Alexander‐Brett Jennifer , Roberson Erik D. , Song Yuhua , Brett Tom J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 (TREM2) is an immune receptor expressed on microglia that also can become soluble (sTREM2). How TREM2 engages different ligands remains poorly understood.MethodsWe used comprehensive biolayer interferometry (BLI) analysis to investigate TREM2 and sTREM2 interactions with apolipoprotein E (apoE) and monomeric amyloid beta (Aβ) (mAβ42).ResultsTREM2 engagement of apoE was protein mediated with little effect of lipidation, showing slight affinity differences between isoforms (E4 > E3 > E2). Another family member, TREML2, did not bind apoE. Disease‐linked TREM2 variants within a “basic patch” minimally impact apoE binding. Instead, TREM2 uses a unique hydrophobic surface to bind apoE, which requires the apoE hinge region. TREM2 and sTREM2 directly bind mAβ42 and potently inhibit Aβ42 polymerization, suggesting a potential role for soluble sTREM2 in preventing AD pathogenesis.DiscussionThese findings demonstrate that TREM2 has at least two ligand‐binding surfaces that might be therapeutic targets and uncovers a potential function for sTREM2 in directly inhibiting Aβ polymerization.
Blood polyunsaturated omega‐3 fatty acids, brain atrophy, cognitive decline, and dementia risk
Authors: Thomas Aline , Baillet Marion , Proust‐Lima Cécile , Féart Catherine , Foubert‐Samier Alexandra , Helmer Catherine , Catheline Gwénaëlle , Samieri Cécilia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe searched for consistent associations of an omega‐3 index in plasma (sum of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) with several dementia‐related outcomes in a large cohort of older adults.MethodsWe included 1279 participants from the Three‐City study, non‐demented at the time of blood measurements at baseline, with face‐to‐face neuropsychological assessment and systematic detection of incident dementia over a 17‐year follow‐up. An ancillary study included 467 participants with up to three repeated brain imaging exams over 10 years.ResultsIn multivariable models, higher levels of plasma EPA+DHA were consistently associated with a lower risk of dementia (hazard ratio for 1 standard deviation = 0.87 [95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.98]), and a lower decline in global cognition (P = .04 for change over time), memory (P = .06), and medial temporal lobe volume (P = .02).DiscussionThis prospective study provides compelling evidence for a relationship between long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acids levels and lower risks for dementia and related outcomes.
Synergistic Interplay of Covalent and Non‐Covalent Interactions in Reactive Polymer Nanoassembly Facilitates Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies
Authors: Dutta Kingshuk , Kanjilal Pintu , Das Ritam , Thayumanavan Sankaran 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe primary impediments in developing large antibodies as drugs against intracellular targets involve their low transfection efficiency and suitable reversible encapsulation strategies for intracellular delivery with retention of biological activity. To address this, we outline an electrostatics‐enhanced covalent self‐assembly strategy to generate polymer‐protein/antibody nanoassemblies. Through structure–activity studies, we down‐select the best performing self‐immolative pentafluorophenyl containing activated carbonate polymer for bioconjugation. With the help of an electrostatics‐aided covalent self‐assembly approach, we demonstrate efficient encapsulation of medium to large proteins (HRP, 44 kDa and β‐gal, 465 kDa) and antibodies (ca. 150 kDa). The designed polymeric nanoassemblies are shown to successfully traffic functional antibodies (anti‐NPC and anti‐pAkt) to cytosol to elicit their bioactivity towards binding intracellular protein epitopes and inducing apoptosis.
Potentialabhängige Morphologie von Kupferkatalysatoren während der Elektroreduktion von CO2, ermittelt durch In‐situ‐Rasterkraftmikroskopie
Authors: Simon Georg H. , Kley Christopher S. , Roldan Cuenya Beatriz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEine effiziente Charakterisierung der Katalysatoren im Realraum und unter realistischen Bedingungen der elektrochemischen CO2‐Reduktion (CO2RR) gelang durch elektrochemische AFM. Die Entwicklung von Strukturmerkmalen konnte von der Mikrometer‐ bis hin zur atomaren Skala aufgelöst werden. Auf einer Cu(100)‐Modelloberfläche treten während der CO2RR in 0,1 m KHCO3 ausgeprägte nanoskalige Oberflächenmorphologien auf, wobei sich granulare Strukturen potentialabhängig in glatt geschwungene Berg‐und‐Tal‐Oberflächen oder rechteckige Terrassenstrukturen umwandeln. Mit stärker negativem Potential steigt die Dichte der unterkoordinierten Cu‐Zentren während der CO2RR. Durch atomar aufgelöste In‐situ‐Bildgebung wird bei bestimmten kathodischen Potentialen spezifische Adsorption nachgewiesen, die die Katalysatorstruktur beeinflusst. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die komplexen Abhängigkeiten zwischen Morphologie, Struktur, Defektdichte, angelegtem Potential und Elektrolyt bei Kupfer‐CO2RR‐Katalysatoren.
X‐Ray Crystallographic Analysis of NifB with a Full Complement of Clusters: Structural Insights into the Radical SAM‐Dependent Carbide Insertion During Nitrogenase Cofactor Assembly
Authors: Kang Wonchull , Rettberg Lee A. , Stiebritz Martin T. , Jasniewski Andrew J. , Tanifuji Kazuki , Lee Chi Chung , Ribbe Markus W. , Hu Yilin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNifB is an essential radical SAM enzyme required for the assembly of an 8Fe core of the nitrogenase cofactor. Herein, we report the X‐ray crystal structures of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum NifB without (apo MtNifB) and with (holo MtNifB) a full complement of three [Fe4S4] clusters. Both apo and holo MtNifB contain a partial TIM barrel core, but unlike apo MtNifB, holo MtNifB is fully assembled and competent in cofactor biosynthesis. The radical SAM (RS)‐cluster is coordinated by three Cys, and the adjacent K1‐ and K2‐clusters, representing the precursor to an 8Fe cofactor core, are each coordinated by one His and two Cys. Prediction of substrate channels, combined with in silico docking of SAM in holo MtNifB, suggests the binding of SAM between the RS‐ and K2‐clusters and putative paths for entry of SAM and exit of products of SAM cleavage, thereby providing important mechanistic insights into the radical SAM‐dependent carbide insertion concomitant with cofactor core formation.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Heteroleptic Ga‐P‐C Allyl Cation Analogues
Authors: Li Bin , Wölper Christoph , Haberhauer Gebhard , Schulz Stephan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOxidative addition of cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene‐coordinated phosphinidenes (MecAAC)PX to LGa affords gallium‐coordinated phosphinidenes LGa(X)‐P(MecAAC) (L=HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3)]2; X=Cl 1, Br 2), which react with NaBArF4 and LiAl(ORF)4 to [LGaP(MecAAC)][An] (An=B(C6H3(CF3)2)4 3, B(C6F5)4 4, Al(OC(CF3)3)4 5). The cations in 3–5 show substantial Ga−P double bond character and represent heteronuclear analogues of allyl cations according to quantum chemical calculations. The reaction of 4 with 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (dmap) to adduct 6 confirms the strong electrophilic nature of the gallium center, whereas 5 reacts with ethyl isocyanate with C−C bond formation to the γ‐C atom of the β‐diketiminate ligand and formation of compound 7.
Does Selectivity of Molecular Catalysts Change with Time? Polymerization Imaged by Single‐Molecule Spectroscopy
Authors: Garcia Antonio , Saluga Shannon J. , Dibble David J. , López Pía A. , Saito Nozomi , Blum Suzanne A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe chemoselectivity of molecular catalysts underpins much of modern synthetic organic chemistry. However, little is known about the selectivity of individual catalysts because this single‐catalyst‐level behavior is hidden by the bulk catalytic behavior. Here, for the first time, the selectivity of individual molecular catalysts for two different reactions is imaged in real time at the single‐catalyst level. This imaging is achieved through fluorescence microscopy paired with spectral probes that produce a snapshot of the instantaneous chemoselectivity of a single catalyst for either a single‐chain‐elongation or a single‐chain‐termination event during ruthenium‐catalyzed polymerization. Superresolution imaging of multiple selectivity events, each at a different single‐molecular ruthenium catalyst, indicates that catalyst selectivity may be unexpectedly spatially and time‐variable.
Tethering Flexible Polymers to Crystalline Porous Materials: A Win–Win Hybridization Approach
Authors: Jin Fazheng , Liu Jinjin , Chen Yao , Zhang Zhenjie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCrystalline porous materials (CPMs) have been widely studied over the past few decades due to their well‐defined, customizable, and porous structures. However, the limited stability and machinability restrict their particle applications. Recently, a new trend to use hybrid strategies to bridge the gap between CPMs and flexible polymers has emerged as an effective solution to tackle the above issues. Polymers can be either cross‐linked within the framework or anchored to the outer surface of the materials, that endow CPMs with polymer features, such as flexibility, ductility, and machinability. Such resulting polymer‐tethered CPMs (named as polyCPMs) have demonstrated improved performances in many application scopes such as membrane separation, heterogeneous catalysis and smart response. This minireview highlights state of the art for the hybridization strategies of CPMs with flexible polymers, and provide a perspective on their potential applications and future directions.
Phosphorylated cellulose/electrospun chitosan nanofibers media for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions
Authors: Brandes Ricardo , Brouillette François , Chabot Bruno 
Published: October 2020

AbstractContamination of water resources by toxic heavy metals has significant impacts on environmental and human health. Their removal from aqueous media is essential to ensure water sustainability and to provide safe freshwater availability to population. Electrospun chitosan (CS) nonwoven mats are efficient at removing heavy metals from aqueous media. However, they suffer from low permeability and low‐mechanical strength. They are also unable to remove contaminants in a nonselective way. A bilayer sorbent media made of a porous phosphorylated cellulose substrate covered by electrospun CS nanofibers was developed to overcome those weaknesses. The hydrophilic composite shows good water permeability and mechanical strength with appropriate thermal and chemical characteristics. Adsorption tests with Cd(II) indicate that pseudo‐second order and Langmuir models best fitted experimental data, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 591 mg/g at 25°C. Adsorption with multielement samples containing Cr(VI), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) also reveal their capability to remove them in a selective way. This mechanically resistant, hydrophilic, and permeable adsorbent media was able to capture both cationic and anionic metallic contaminants.
Innervation of human soft palate muscles
Authors: Mu Liancai , Chen Jingming , Li Jing , Fowkes Mary , Benson Brian , Nyirenda Themba , Sobotka Stanislaw , Christopherson Mark , Sanders Ira 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOur objective was to determine the branching and distribution of the motor nerves supplying the human soft palate muscles. Six adult specimens of the soft palate in continuity with the pharynx, larynx, and tongue were processed with Sihler's stain, a technique that can render large specimens transparent while counterstaining their nerves. The cranial nerves were identified and dissection followed their branches as they divided into smaller divisions toward their terminations in individual muscles. The results showed that both the glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) nerves have three distinct branches, superior, middle, and inferior. Only the middle branches of each nerve contributed to the pharyngeal plexus to which the facial nerve also contributed. The pharyngeal plexus was divided into two parts, a superior innervating the palatal and neighboring muscles and an inferior innervating pharyngeal constrictors. The superior branches of the IX and X nerves contributed innervation to the palatoglossus, whereas their middle branches innervated the palatopharyngeus. The palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles appeared to be composed of at least two neuromuscular compartments. The lesser palatine nerve not only supplied the palatal mucosa and palatine glandular tissue but also innervated the musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and levator veli palatine. The latter muscle also received its innervation from the superior branch of X nerve. The findings would be useful for better understanding the neural control of the soft palate and for developing novel neuromodulation therapies to treat certain upper airway disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea.