bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroreduction of carbon dioxide using platinum-iridium modified boron-doped diamond (BDD) with various platinum-iridium ratios
Authors: Saprudin M H , Atriardi S R , Gunlazuardi J , Einaga Y , Ivandini T A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Modification of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes with bimetallic platinum-iridium was studied. Combination techniques of wet chemical seeding and electrochemical deposition were performed with various Pt-Ir precursor ratios of (1:1), (1:2) and (2:1). These electrodes were then applied for electrochemical reduction of CO2 dissolved in 0.1 M NaCl solution at the potentials of -1.1 V, -1.2 V, -1.3 V, and -1.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) for 60 min. Electroreduction of CO2 applied at PtIr(2:1)-BDD at the potential of -1.1 V (vs Ag/AgCl) produced formic acid, methanol and hydrogen as the main products.
Bangka Kaolin and Bayat Zeolite-based ZSM-5 zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst for hexadecane cracking reaction
Authors: Basri E S H , Krisnandi Y K , Ekananda R , Saragi I R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Microporous ZSM-5 material was synthesized using natural aluminosilicate minerals, i.e. Bayat zeolite and Bangka kaolin as silica and alumina sources. Prior to use, Bayat zeolite was treated with several treatments, i.e. purification, fragmentation and dealumination. While Bangka Kaolin was used as the source of additional silica, in which the silica was extracted using aqua regia. After that, ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) as template. Then, it was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Based on XRD pattern, mordenite inverted framework (MFI) structure was obtained. SEM-EDX images showed that the natural aluminosilicate-based ZSM-5, so called ZSM-5 MA, has a coffin-like shape with average crystal size and Si/Al ratio are 1.6 μm and 14.26, respectively. As reference, another as-synthesized ZSM-5 was prepared from pro-analysis reagents, and labelled as ZSM-5MS. It also has mordenite inverted framework (MFI) structure, Si/Al ratio of 21.45 and average crystal size of 0.8 μm. ZSM-5 was tested with micro activity test (MAT) method for hexadecane cracking reaction at 500 °C. Prior to be used, the ZSM-5 was subjected to NH4−
exchanged followed by calcination at 550 °C to obtain H/ZSM-5. The products that obtained from hexadecane cracking reaction are gas (H2, C1–C4) and gasoline (C5–C12) fractions. The catalytic test shows that both H/ZSM-5MA and H/ZSM-5MS gave similar results, despite their differences in Si/Al ratio and particle sizes. Therefore, zeolite synthesis using natural minerals as Si and Al sources is promising to be explored further.
Study of microalgae (Scenedesmus Sp.) utilization as phosphate bioremediator (PO4
3−) in domestic wastewater medium
Authors: Maisarah M , Saefumillah A , Ambarsari H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this research, the use of Scenedesmus sp. as a phosphate bioremediator agent is expected to be applied for lowering the phosphate levels in the water as well as improving the quality of the environment. Scenedesmus sp. used in this research was isolated from Sungai Cideng. Variation of phosphates were tested to see the effect of various types of phosphate found in the waters in the form of a variation of organic phosphates using the Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP), phytic acid and variation of inorganic phosphates using potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). It was found that the use of monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) was better in decreasing phosphate levels and increasing the number of Scenedesmus sp. cells with a phosphate decrease percentage of 87.5 %. Phosphate test was performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy instrumentation and the abundance of cell count was performed using a microscope and hemocytometer. The environmental quality test parameters are temperature and pH. Direct application in wastewater from Muara Angke was also found the decrease of phosphate levels and increase the number of Scenedesmus sp. cells. Scenedesmus sp. has the ability to reduce nutrients in wastewater to below wastewater quality standard of 86.0 % from the initial phosphate concentration of 0.2255 ppm to 0.0314 ppm.
Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of molybdenum into medium pore H-zeolites
Authors: Suwardiyanto S , Svelle S , Howe R F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Several medium pore H-zeolites (HZSM-5, HIM-5, HTNU-9 and HZSM-11) were evaluated toward molybdenum deposition via chemical vapor deposition using Mo(CO)6 as the molybdenum precursor. The deposition was through a high temperature adsorption of Mo(CO)6 vapor onto dehydrated zeolites. The progress of deposition was monitored gravimetrically. Exsitu infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to observe the interaction between Mo(CO)6 and the zeolites during the deposition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to scrutinize the nature of molybdenum deposit within the zeolite. High temperature adsorption of Mo(CO)6 vapor is an irreversible adsorption resulted in a molybdenum deposition onto the zeolites whereas the adsorption conducted at room temperature is a reversible one. Interaction of Mo(CO)6 and the zeolites at high temperature led to the reaction of Mo(CO)6 and hydroxyl group within zeolites i.e. silanol group and Brønsted acid site. The molybdenum dispersion within the zeolites was governed by the particle size of the zeolite. More concentrated molybdenum deposited on zeolite surface occurred on the zeolite with bigger particle size. The highest surface molybdenum deposition was observed on ZSM-11 surface as it has the biggest particle size.
Wood plastic composites from chopped and pelleted waste plastic bags: effect of concentrations and reprocessing on flexural modulus and strength
Authors: Ramadhoni B , Prasetyorini L A , Ujianto O , Wuryanti W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The utilization of waste plastic bag, especially as a matrix for wood plastic composites, is expected to reduce the environmental problems throughout the world caused by its use. Wood plastic composites were manufactured via melt mixing of chopped or pelleted waste plastic bags, sawdust and polyethylene grafting maleic anhydrate (MAPE) according to Extreme Lattice Mixture - Design of Experiment (DoE). The effects of concentrations and reprocessing of waste plastic bags on flexural modulus of elasticity and strength of composites were analyzed. In general, flexural modulus of composites from chopped and pelleted waste are increased but still below the value of SNI 8154–2015. Moreover, the flexural strength of the resulted composites from chopped waste also increased than that of the pelleted one. Some of the formulas of composites from chopped waste met the value required by SNI 8154 – 2015. On the contrary, the flexural strengths of composites from pelleted waste are decreased than that of the virgin one. This is probably due to the existence of interaction between pelleted waste and sawdust that prevented the waste plastic to perfectly melted, hence acted as stress concentration sites. Furthermore, the resulted composites were optimized for flexural modulus using response optimizer plot in order to achieve modulus 2000 MPa that required by the standard. However, the optimized flexural modulus of composites from chopped and pelleted waste was in the range of 1500 MPa, which is far below the standard. Therefore, reprocessing of chopped waste into pellets is not necessary due to inferior properties of composites from pelleted waste than that of the chopped one.
Structural and optical properties of La1-xPbxFe0.5Ti0.5O3 (x = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) perovskite material prepared by sol-gel method
Authors: Supriyadi Y , Triyono D , Lukmana S K 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A series of La1-xPbxFe0.5Ti0.5O3 (x = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. All prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed the orthorhombic crystal structure and the increase of crystallite size with Pb content. The Raman scattering exhibited the similar Raman spectrum indicating the crystal structure remain unchanged due to the Pb substitution; indeed, the difference in lattice vibration phonon modes confirmed the variation in structural parameters with Pb-substitution which is also supported by FT-IR analysis. By using UV-Vis characterization, the optical band gap is found in the range of 2.1 – 2.2 eV.
A study of the poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA electric field-dependence: density of states (DOS) analysis
Authors: Rahmani F , Yudiarsah E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Study of poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule electronic structure, by analysing its density of states (DOS), had been conducted. This research employed Green’s function method as tool to determine electron DOS of the DNA numerically. Electric field that was applied along z-axis is used as perturbation to modify electron hopping constant between sites in the molecule. In order to include electric field in the calculation, Miller-Abraham formula was used. Medium interaction with backbone molecules was considered as well within the calculation in the form of backbone disorder. By increasing electric field, the band in electron DOS spectrum appeared to become narrower and several states experience the decrement of DOS.
The radiochromic indicator using methyl red dye solution as a high-dose gamma-ray dosimeter application
Authors: Chairunisa W , Imawan C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The radiochromic indicator using the methyl red dye solution has been studied as a high-dose gamma-ray dosimeter. The indicator has been tested by irradiating using gamma rays with a 60Co source. The radiation dose was varied from 5 to 100 kGy with a dose rate of 5.5 kGy/h. The color change of the indicator solution caused by the radiation was characterized by using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and a camera photograph. In addition, the color stability of the indicator is also studied by observing the effect of time and the storage in light and dark conditions. The effect of time after irradiation on the color of the solution has also been investigated. The methyl red solution indicator showed a radiochromic phenomenon color changes from red to dark red for a dose of 5-20 kGy, faded gradually then became colorless at a dose of 25–100 kGy. These color changes correspond to the peak of the UV-Visible absorbance spectrum at a wavelength of 492 nm. The color of the indicator solution is more stable if kept in dark conditions than in the light conditions. The color of the solution also shows its stability for up to 12 days after irradiation. These results conclude that the indicator solution of methyl red can be used as a dosimeter for gamma rays in the dose range of 5–40 kGy.
The sensitivity calculation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) Au nanorod by applying a boundary element system simulation
Authors: Sofani M , Putra M H , Djuhana D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this study, we have calculated the sensitivity of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) Au nanorod by a public metallic particle simulation based on the boundary element method (Metallic Nano-Particle Boundary Element Method, MNPBEM). The diameter of nanorod D is 20 nm, 60 nm, and 80 nm. The variation of aspect ratio is 1.5 to 3.5. The dielectric of Au nanorod based on the Christine-Johnson experiment. To understand sensitivity sense, we have also varied the refractive index medium by Lorentz-Lorentz approximation from a mixture of water and glycerol concentration. The refractive medium index is n = 1.3334 (100 % water pure), n = 1.3605 (80 % water and 20 % glycerol), n = 1.3881 (60 % water and 40 % glycerol), n = 1.4164 (40 % water and 60 % glycerol), and n = 1.4452 (20 % water and 80 % glycerol). From MNPBEM simulation, we have produced LSPR spectra such as absorption, scattering, and extinction curve as the function of wavelength. Then, the sensitivity of LSPR Au nanorod is determined by the gradient of the peak of wavelength to the refractive index medium variation for all aspect ratio. Interestingly, we have found the LSPR Au nanorod consisted of longitudinal and transversal mode in LSPR Au nanorod curve. The longitudinal mode appeared a higher wavelength than the transversal mode in LSPR spectra. In longitudinal mode, the peak of wavelength increased as the aspect ratio increased (red-shift) while in transversal mode, the peak of wavelength was relatively constant. Furthermore, the sensitivity in longitudinal mode increased as the aspect ratio increased, whereas the sensitivity in transversal decreased as the aspect ratio increased. Increasing the sensitivity in longitudinal mode related to red-shift as the nanorod volume increased and the refractive medium index change. According to the results, the sensitivity determination is useful to understand the refractive index medium changes that it is important to design a sensor device.
Flat optics in high numerical aperture broadband imaging systems
Authors: Werdehausen Daniel , Burger Sven , Staude Isabelle , Pertsch Thomas , Decker Manuel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) remain highly underutilized in broadband optical systems even though different technologies for DOEs including échelette-type gratings (EGs), multilevel DOEs, and metagratings have been introduced. Specifically, nanocomposite-enabled EGs can achieve efficiencies of close to

100
%

throughout the visible spectrum, but only for relatively small diffraction angles. Therefore, the question remains if they are suitable for high-numerical-aperture (NA) systems. Here we show that this is indeed the case. To this end, we first demonstrate that macroscopic nanocomposite-enabled diffractive lenses (DLs) can achieve perfect broadband focusing up to a NA of 0.03. We then derive analytic relationships and investigate prototypical optical designs to show that this threshold fully covers the requirements of high-end imaging systems with

NA
⩾
1.

This holistic all-system analysis demonstrates that the individual NA of a DL in a broadband imaging system is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the overall system’s NA. This shows that high-NA flat optical elements are not required for high-NA broadband systems. Therefore, nanocomposite-enabled EGs can unlock the full potential of DOEs for broadband optical systems, whereas other technologies cannot fulfill their high efficiency requirements.
Research of selective etching in LiNbO3 using proton-exchanged wet etching technique
Authors: Li Ying , Lan Tian , Yang Dengcai , Xiang Meihua , Dai Jingjing , Li Chong , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lithium niobate material (LN) has shown great application potentials in the fabrication of integrated optical devices due to its excellent physical properties, especially with the occurrence of lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) substrate. However, the greatest challenge of micro/nano optical devices based on LN material lies in the precise etching process and thus limits its applications. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze the etching results treated by the proposed proton-exchanged wet-etching method (PEWE) combining with theoretical simulations and experiments. It is found that the proton-exchanged layer in the LN material can be easily etched after using a mixture acid of HF/HNO3, leading to the improvement of etching rate and surface morphology. The lowest roughness of the optical waveguide is measured to be 0.81 nm, which is beneficial for the performance improvement of LN-based optical devices. Ultimately, a quasi-vertical sidewall of the upper part of optical waveguide with improved surface morphology is successfully realized by utilizing the PEWE. Moreover, this method could also be extended to improve the performance of LNOI-based optical devices and pave the way for ultra-compact photonic integrated circuits based on LNOI.
Terahertz transmission properties of vanadium dioxide films deposited on gold grating structure with different periods
Authors: Gao Min , Wang Xu , Luo Shengxian , Lu Qingjian , Luo Sheng-Nian , Lu Chang , Chen Sihong , Long Fei , Lin Yuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a typical thermal induced phase transition material, exhibiting a transition from metallic phase at high temperature to insulating phase at low temperature, which is also accompanied by a conductivity change of over several orders of magnitude. The transition property makes VO2 prominent to achieve an effective degree of control of terahertz (THz) wave. In this paper, composite films consisting of metal grating with different periods and VO2 film were prepared by polymer assisted deposition method. Although the conductivity change of VO2 films deposited on gold grating structure across phase transition was declined to about two orders of magnitude, the amplitude modulation depth of THz of the composite films can still reach a high value. Furthermore, it was found that the THz modulation depth was related with the grating period. According to theoretical simulation, the fluctuation height of VO2 films, caused by metal grating structure during growth, can be used to regulate THz wave. These results demonstrate an economic and unsophisticated method to fabricate VO2 films with thickness fluctuation structure and then tune the THz waves.
t|ket⟩: a retargetable compiler for NISQ devices
Authors: Sivarajah Seyon , Dilkes Silas , Cowtan Alexander , Simmons Will , Edgington Alec , Duncan Ross 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present t|ket⟩, a quantum software development platform produced by Cambridge Quantum Computing Ltd. The heart of t|ket⟩ is a language-agnostic optimising compiler designed to generate code for a variety of NISQ devices, which has several features designed to minimise the influence of device error. The compiler has been extensively benchmarked and outperforms most competitors in terms of circuit optimisation and qubit routing.
Effects of Prehypertensive Losartan Treatment on Resistance Vessel Remodeling and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Expression in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Wang Ting-jun , Chen Wan-ru , Lin Xu , Lian Gui-li , Xu Chang-sheng , Wang Hua-jun , Xie Liang-di 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
To study the effects of prehypertensive losartan treatment on blood pressure, resistance vessel remodeling, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) expression in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Methods
Four-week-old SHR and Wistar-Kyoto rats were randomly divided into losartan-treated and untreated groups. Losartan was administrated by gavage from 4 to 10 weeks old. Blood pressure was monitored by the tail-cuff method till 26 weeks old. The third grade mesenteric arteries were then isolated. Vessel structure, relaxation reactivity, angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression, and angiotensin II levels were analyzed.

Results
Losartan treatment from 4 to 10 weeks of age significantly lowered systolic blood pressure from 10 to 26 weeks in SHR. At 26 weeks old, wall thickness to lumen radius and wall area to lumen area of mesenteric arteries were significantly lower in losartan-treated than untreated SHR (P &lt; 0.01). Maximum relaxation to acetylcholine and its pD2 were increased in losartan-treated compared to untreated SHR (P &lt; 0.01). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in losartan-treated SHR (P &lt; 0.01). However, angiotensin II levels in plasma and mesenteric arteries of losartan-treated SHR were higher than those of untreated SHR (P &lt; 0.05). Losartan treatment lowered systolic blood pressure in Wistar-Kyoto at the age of 10 weeks (P &lt; 0.05), but had no significant effect on blood pressure after 14 weeks or mesenteric arteries at 26 weeks.

Conclusions
Blood pressure reduction induced by prehypertensive losartan treatment ameliorates resistance vessel remodeling and downregulates angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression in adult SHR.
Federated sharing and processing of genomic datasets for tertiary data analysis
Authors: Canakoglu Arif , Pinoli Pietro , Gulino Andrea , Nanni Luca , Masseroli Marco , Ceri Stefano 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Motivation
With the spreading of biological and clinical uses of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, many laboratories and health organizations are facing the need of sharing NGS data resources and easily accessing and processing comprehensively shared genomic data; in most cases, primary and secondary data management of NGS data is done at sequencing stations, and sharing applies to processed data. Based on the previous single-instance GMQL system architecture, here we review the model, language and architectural extensions that make the GMQL centralized system innovatively open to federated computing.

Results
A well-designed extension of a centralized system architecture to support federated data sharing and query processing. Data is federated thanks to simple data sharing instructions. Queries are assigned to execution nodes; they are translated into an intermediate representation, whose computation drives data and processing distributions. The approach allows writing federated applications according to classical styles: centralized, distributed or externalized.

Availability
The federated genomic data management system is freely available for non-commercial use as an open source project at http://www.bioinformatics.deib.polimi.it/FederatedGMQLsystem/

Contact
{arif.canakoglu, pietro.pinoli}@polimi.it

Summary
Robust and accurate deconvolution of tumor populations uncovers evolutionary mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Tao Yifeng , Lei Haoyun , Fu Xuecong , Lee Adrian V , Ma Jian , Schwartz Russell 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Cancer develops and progresses through a clonal evolutionary process. Understanding progression to metastasis is of particular clinical importance, but is not easily analyzed by recent methods because it generally requires studying samples gathered years apart, for which modern single-cell sequencing is rarely an option. Revealing the clonal evolution mechanisms in the metastatic transition thus still depends on unmixing tumor subpopulations from bulk genomic data.

Methods
We develop a novel toolkit called robust and accurate deconvolution (RAD) to deconvolve biologically meaningful tumor populations from multiple transcriptomic samples spanning the two progression states. RAD uses gene module compression to mitigate considerable noise in RNA, and a hybrid optimizer to achieve a robust and accurate solution. Finally, we apply a phylogenetic algorithm to infer how associated cell populations adapt across the metastatic transition via changes in expression programs and cell-type composition.

Results
We validated the superior robustness and accuracy of RAD over alternative algorithms on a real dataset, and validated the effectiveness of gene module compression on both simulated and real bulk RNA data. We further applied the methods to a breast cancer metastasis dataset, and discovered common early events that promote tumor progression and migration to different metastatic sites, such as dysregulation of ECM-receptor, focal adhesion and PI3k-Akt pathways.

Availability and implementation
The source code of the RAD package, models, experiments and technical details such as parameters, is available at https://github.com/CMUSchwartzLab/RAD.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.