bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential TM4SF5‐mediated SIRT1 modulation and metabolic signaling in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression
Authors: Ryu Jihye , Kim Eunmi , Kang Min‐Kyung , Song Dae‐Geun , Shin Eun‐Ae , Lee Haesong , Jung Jae Woo , Nam Seo Hee , Kim Ji Eon , Kim Hye‐Jin , Son Taekwon , Kim Semi , Kim Hwi Young , Lee Jung Weon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic condition involving steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis, and its progression remains unclear. Although the tetraspanin transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) is involved in hepatic fibrosis and cancer, its role in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression is unknown. We investigated the contribution of TM4SF5 to liver pathology using transgenic and KO mice, diet‐ or drug‐treated mice, in vitro primary cells, and in human tissue. TM4SF5‐overexpressing mice exhibited nonalcoholic steatosis and NASH in an age‐dependent manner. Initially, TM4SF5‐positive hepatocytes and liver tissue exhibited lipid accumulation, decreased Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), increased sterol regulatory‐element binding proteins (SREBPs) and inactive STAT3 via suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1/3 upregulation. In older mice, TM4SF5 promoted inflammatory factor induction, SIRT1 expression and STAT3 activity, but did not change SOCS or SREBP levels, leading to active STAT3‐mediated ECM production for NASH progression. A TM4SF5‐associated increase in chemokines promoted SIRT1 expression and progression to NASH with fibrosis. Suppression of the chemokine CCL20 reduced immune cell infiltration and ECM production. Liver tissue from high‐fat diet‐ or CCl4‐treated mice and human patients exhibited TM4SF5‐dependent steatotic or steatohepatitic livers with links between TM4SF5‐mediated SIRT1 modulation and SREBP or SOCS/STAT3 signaling axes. TM4SF5‐mediated STAT3 activation in fibrotic NASH livers increased collagen I and laminin γ2. Both collagen I α1 and laminin γ2 suppression resulted in reduced SIRT1 and active STAT3, but no change in SREBP1 or SOCS, and abolished CCl4‐mediated mouse liver damage. TM4SF5‐mediated signaling pathways that involve SIRT1, SREBPs and SOCS/STAT3 promoted progression to NASH. Therefore, TM4SF5 and its downstream effectors may be promising therapeutic targets to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of laser‐produced plasma multistructuring by floating probe measurements and optical emission spectroscopy
Authors: Irimiciuc Stefan A. , Chertopalov Sergii , Craciun Valentin , Novotný Michal , Lancok Jan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith the continuous development of pulsed laser deposition as a versatile technique for the deposition of complex thin films, there is a need for a better understanding of the role and control of the deposition parameters. The understanding of the particle kinetics and plasma chemistry during the deposition process can greatly improve the properties of the synthesized films. By using the floating voltage regime of the Langmuir probe technique, we performed angular and time‐resolved measurements during laser ablation of an Ag target, which evidenced the structuring of the plasma plume in ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The addition of N2 gas in the pressure range from 5 × 10–5 to 10 Pa leads to more rapid plasma thermalization and the control of its kinetic energy. The electrical measurements were complemented by optical emission spectroscopy, which showcased the presence of neutral and multiple ionized species distributed across the laser‐produced plasma plume. The plasma homogenization resulted in a decrease of the mean free path of Ag ions and atoms, which increased both their excitation temperature and electron density.
Arctigenin protects mice from thioglycollate‐induced acute peritonitis
Authors: Zhao Jingyi , Chen Ying , Dong Lijun , Li Xin , Dong Ruijie , Zhou Dongmei , Wang Chengzhi , Guo Xiangdong , Zhang Jieyou , Xue Zhenyi , Xi Qing , Zhang Lijuan , Yang Guangze , Li Yan , Zhang Rongxin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAcute peritonitis is an acute inflammatory response of the peritoneal cavity to physical injury and chemical stimulation. Timely resolution of this response is critical to prevent further damage to the body, which can eventually lead to more severe chronic inflammation. Arctigenin (ATG) is the main active ingredient of the Chinese medicine Arctium lappa. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on the anti‐inflammatory effect of ATG, but there have been few studies on the effect of ATG on acute inflammation, especially in acute peritonitis, which has not been reported. In this study, a mouse model of experimental acute peritonitis induced by thioglycolate (TG) solution was used to study the protective anti‐inflammatory effect of ATG against acute peritonitis and the relevant mechanism. Our results showed that, after 12 hours of TG treatment, ATG significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse tissues and inhibited the secretion and expression of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in mice. ATG significantly reduced the percentage of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils and F4/80+ macrophages in the spleen and peritoneal exudate. In addition, ATG significantly inhibited the expression of the chemokines CCL3 and CCL4 and the adhesion molecule CD62L on the surface of CD11b‐positive monocytes. ATG was observed to inhibit the phosphorylation of p65 and p38 in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, ATG can improve the symptoms of TG‐induced acute peritonitis through immune regulation. ATG can reduce the inflammatory response in TG‐induced acute peritonitis in mice.
Emergency 5G Communication on‐the‐Move: Concept and field trial of a mobile satellite backhaul for public protection and disaster relief
Authors: Völk Florian , Schwarz Robert T. , Lorenz Mario , Knopp Andreas 
Published: September 2020

SummaryA secure and flexible communication infrastructure for the use of broadband and IP‐based services is becoming more and more important in the context of Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR). Government agencies and emergency responders need to be able to react quickly to emergencies across the globe. In particular, satellite‐based 5G mobile networks can support government agencies during their critical tasks. To support the standardization committees and the industry, it is required to evaluate new architectures for such networks by utilizing testbeds and field trials. In this article, we propose and investigate architectures for mobile PPDR networks with satellite backhaul to ensure Communication on‐the‐Move. The flexibility within the architectures comes with the distribution of the core network nodes at the edge of the network applying the Core‐Edge Split concept. The presented results show that already existing interfaces of the Evolved Packet Core 3GPP standard allow satellite‐based 5G networks tailored to the needs of government authorities.
Reference ranges for fetal cardiac, ventricular and atrial relative size, sphericity, ventricular dominance, wall asymmetry and relative wall thickness from 18 to 41 gestational weeks
Authors: García‐Otero L. , Soveral I. , Sepúlveda‐Martínez Á. , Rodriguez‐López M. , Torres X. , Guirado L. , Nogué L. , Valenzuela‐Alcaraz B. , Martínez J. M. , Gratacós E. , Gómez O. , Crispi F. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo construct nomograms for fetal cardiac, ventricular and atrial relative size and geometry parameters from 18 to 41 weeks' gestation using a low‐risk population of singleton pregnancies.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 602 low‐risk singleton pregnancies undergoing comprehensive fetal echocardiography, from 18 to 41 weeks of gestation, to assess fetal cardiac, atrial and ventricular relative size and sphericity, ventricular dominance, wall asymmetry and relative wall thickness. Intra‐ and interobserver measurement reproducibility was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). In order to construct reference ranges across pregnancy, parametric regressions were tested to model each measurement against gestational age and estimated fetal weight. The measurements evaluated were: cardiothoracic ratio; atrial‐to‐heart area ratios; ventricular‐to‐heart area ratios; cardiac, ventricular and atrial sphericity indices; right‐to‐left basal and midventricular ratios; septal‐to‐free wall thickness ratios; and relative wall thickness.ResultsFetal cardiac, ventricular and atrial morphometry for assessing relative size and geometry could be successfully performed in > 95% of the population, with moderate‐to‐excellent interobserver reproducibility (ICC, 0.623–0.907) and good‐to‐excellent intraobserver reproducibility (ICC, 0.787–0.938). Cardiothoracic ratio and ventricular right‐to‐left ratio showed a modest increase throughout gestation. Atrial‐to‐heart and ventricular‐to‐heart area ratios, atrial sphericity indices and septal‐to‐free wall thickness ratios were constant with gestational age. Left and right ventricular basal sphericity indices showed a tendency to decrease at the end of gestation, while left and right midventricular sphericity indices tended to decrease in the second trimester. The cardiac sphericity index and left and right relative wall thickness showed a modest decrease with gestational age. Nomograms across gestation were constructed for all echocardiographic parameters described.ConclusionsThe assessment of cardiac, ventricular and atrial relative size and geometry is feasible and reproducible in the fetus. We provide standardized reference ranges for these parameters throughout gestation, enabling the accurate assessment of cardiac remodeling patterns during fetal life. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Evaluation of a simple analytical model for offshore wind farm wake recovery by in situ data and Weather Research and Forecasting simulations
Authors: Platis Andreas , Hundhausen Marie , Mauz Moritz , Siedersleben Simon , Lampert Astrid , Bärfuss Konrad , Djath Bughsin , Schulz‐Stellenfleth Johannes , Canadillas Beatriz , Neumann Thomas , Emeis Stefan , Bange Jens 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe recovery of offshore wind farm wakes in the German Bight was analyzed by a unique in situ data set, measured on‐board the research aircraft Dornier Do‐128 during the WIPAFF project in 2016 and 2017. These observations were used to validate a simple analytical wake recovery model in five case studies. The observed recovery rates were compared with the results of the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The airborne data show that the wake recovery can be described by an exponential function as expected by the analytical model and strengthens the hypothesis that the vertical downward moment flux has an important influence on the wake recovery. However, the predicted wake recovery rates (by the analytical model) do not always fully agree with the observations. Although, as a first‐order approximation, the model seems to perform well, further optimization has to be implemented to account for wind park layout, turbine induced turbulence, and horizontal momentum flux. WRF simulations reveal an exponential recovery, although the mesoscale model does not reproduce the correct atmospheric conditions for most of the cases. Therefore, the wake recovery rates estimated by WRF disagree with the measured data in most of the studied cases.
Probing μτ flavor-violating solutions for the muon g − 2 anomaly at Belle II
Authors: Iguro Syuhei , Omura Yuji , Takeuchi Michihisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The discrepancy between the measured value and the Standard Model prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic moment is one of the most important issues in the particle physics. It is known that introducing a mediator boson X with the μτ lepton flavor violating (LFV) couplings is one good solution to explain the discrepancy, due to the τ mass enhancement in the one-loop correction. In this paper, we study the signal of this model, i.e. the same-sign leptons, in the Belle II experiment, assuming the flavor-diagonal couplings are suppressed. We show that the Belle II experiment is highly sensitive to the scenario in the mediator mass range of O(1–10) GeV, using the e+e−→ μ±τ∓X → μ±μ±τ∓τ∓ process induced by the X .
Augmented mitochondrial energy metabolism is an early response to chronic glucose stress in human pancreatic beta cells
Authors: Chareyron Isabelle , Christen Stefan , Moco Sofia , Valsesia Armand , Lassueur Steve , Dayon Loïc , Wollheim Claes B. , Santo Domingo Jaime , Wiederkehr Andreas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims/hypothesisIn islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes and in islets exposed to chronic elevated glucose, mitochondrial energy metabolism is impaired. Here, we studied early metabolic changes and mitochondrial adaptations in human beta cells during chronic glucose stress.MethodsRespiration and cytosolic ATP changes were measured in human islet cell clusters after culture for 4 days in 11.1 mmol/l glucose. Metabolomics was applied to analyse intracellular metabolite changes as a result of glucose stress conditions. Alterations in beta cell function were followed using insulin secretion assays or cytosolic calcium signalling after expression of the calcium probe YC3.6 specifically in beta cells of islet clusters.ResultsAt early stages of glucose stress, mitochondrial energy metabolism was augmented in contrast to the previously described mitochondrial dysfunction in beta cells from islets of diabetic donors. Following chronic glucose stress, mitochondrial respiration increased (by 52.4%,p < 0.001) and, as a consequence, the cytosolic ATP/ADP ratio in resting human pancreatic islet cells was elevated (by 27.8%,p < 0.05). Because of mitochondrial overactivation in the resting state, nutrient-induced beta cell activation was reduced. In addition, chronic glucose stress caused metabolic adaptations that resulted in the accumulation of intermediates of the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway and the TCA cycle; the most strongly augmented metabolite was glycerol 3-phosphate. The changes in metabolites observed are likely to be due to the inability of mitochondria to cope with continuous nutrient oversupply. To protect beta cells from chronic glucose stress, we inhibited mitochondrial pyruvate transport. Metabolite concentrations were partially normalised and the mitochondrial respiratory response to nutrients was markedly improved. Furthermore, stimulus–secretion coupling as assessed by cytosolic calcium signalling, was restored.Conclusion/interpretationWe propose that metabolic changes and associated mitochondrial overactivation are early adaptations to glucose stress, and may reflect what happens as a result of poor blood glucose control. Inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate transport reduces mitochondrial nutrient overload and allows beta cells to recover from chronic glucose stress.
Young adult cancer survivors’ experience of taking part in a 12-week exercise referral programme: a qualitative study of the Trekstock RENEW initiative
Authors: Below N. , Fisher A. , Epstone S. , Reynolds J. , Pugh G 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeThere is emerging evidence that physical activity interventions have the potential to improve the physical function and psychosocial well-being of young adult cancer survivors. However, most existing interventions for young adult cancer survivors have been delivered in an in-patient hospital setting. The purpose of this study is to explore young adult cancer survivors’ (YACS) experiences of the RENEW programme, a 12-week community-based exercise referral scheme delivered by Trekstock, a UK-based cancer charity.MethodsSixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with YACS (mean age, 33 years; 87.5% female) who participated in the RENEW exercise referral programme. Each interview followed the same semi-structured interview guide which asked participants about their experiences of the RENEW programme and their ideas for the future development of the scheme. Data was audio-recorded, transcribed full verbatim and analysed using framework analysis.ResultsYACs predominantly chose to take part in the RENEW programme as a means to improve their health and overcome cancer related impairments (e.g. fatigue, loss of strength, low body confidence). The offer of one-to-one tailored support and unlimited gym access was often cited as a factor which motivated enrolment. Overall, YACS experience of the programme was positive with many describing improvements in physical function and general well-being. Barriers to participating in the programme included sign-off from clinicians prior to enrolment, travelling to the gym and fear of exercising alone.ConclusionsExercise referral schemes are acceptable to YACS and provide a promising opportunity for young people with cancer to improve their physical and psychosocial health through physical activity.
Angewandte Kritische Geographie am Beispiel der Wohnungsmarktforschung in Göttingen
Authors: Mießner Michael 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag widmet sich der anwendungsbezogenen Forschung, die erst jüngst in den Fokus der Kritischen Geographie rückte. Der Aufsatz greift diese Forschungslücke auf und erläutert die grundsätzliche Ausrichtung einer angewandten Kritischen Geographie. Dies beinhaltet die Entwicklung von theoretischen Konzepten zum Verständnis sozialer Entwicklungen, die Untersuchung von Problemlagen marginalisierter Bevölkerungsgruppen und die Erforschung von Fragstellungen, die über den universitären Kontext hinaus insbesondere für soziale Bewegungen relevant sind. Darauf aufbauend stellt der Beitrag meine eigene Forschung zum Göttinger Wohnungsmarkt vor. Die Entwicklungen auf dem Wohnungsmarkt können theoretisch als finanzgetriebene kaskadenförmige Ausbreitung der Immobilieninvestitionen sowie als eine Form der Studentifizierung gefasst werden. Die Untersuchungen über Mietpreisentwicklungen und Segregationsprozesse in der Stadt ermöglichte ein breites Verständnis von wichtigen Entwicklungen, die insbesondere einkommensschwache Bevölkerungsgruppen betreffen. Der Wissenstransfer der Forschungsergebnisse in lokalen Medien führte dazu, dass die ablaufenden Prozesse in der Bevölkerung bemerkt und stadtpolitisch, sowohl seitens der Stadtverwaltung und des Stadtrates als auch von zivilgesellschaftlichen Initiativen adressiert wurden. Zugleich konnten in der Zusammenarbeit mit Akteuren aus sozialen Bewegungen diesen Akteuren wichtige Informationen für ihr politisches Handeln zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Die vorgestellte Arbeit macht auch 3 Herausforderungen angewandter kritischer Forschung deutlich. Die Zusammenarbeit mit Akteuren sozialer Bewegungen ist zeitaufwendig. Zudem besteht häufig eine Diskrepanz zwischen den Logiken der Generierung wissenschaftlichen Wissens und den zu untersuchenden lokalen Logiken sozialer Entwicklungen. Dennoch muss sich eine angewandte Kritische Geographie der Herausforderung stellen, auf politische Entscheidungen zugunsten der Verbesserung der Lebensbedingungen marginalisierter Bevölkerungsgruppen Einfluss zu nehmen.
Benchmarking of sustainability to assess practices and performances of the management of the end of life cycle of electronic products: a study of Brazilian manufacturing companies
Authors: da Costa Lucilene Gonçalves , Ferreira João Carlos Espíndola , Kumar Vikas , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The relentless pursuit of lower production costs causes companies to invest in more efficient production systems so that they can remain economically competitive, while the actions focusing on more sustainable operations from an environmental point of view are usually performed to meet the political government regulating environmental control. However, it is common for companies to focus their efforts to minimize the environmental impacts at an early stage of the product life cycle, neglecting sustainability management in the post-use phase. Given the context, this study seeks to develop sustainability indicators that can be used by the electronics industry to assess the level of practice and performance during production that are related to product recovery after the use phase, in order to better understand how companies are acting to reduce the environmental impacts of their products at the end of their life cycle. Initially, critical success factors related to environmental management of the product’s end-of-life are obtained. Then, some of those critical success factors are prioritized, giving rise to the indicators of sustainability used in the benchmarking method. Benchmarking was performed in electronics Brazilian companies, and the data was obtained by means of a questionnaire and interviews. It is concluded from the results that the proposed indicators are suitable for measuring the levels of practices and performance of the participant companies in environmental management at the end of the product life cycle as the indicators were able to portray faithfully the reality of each company.

Graphic abstract
Practices and performances in the studied Brazilian companies
A three-system approach that integrates DEA, BSC, and AHP for museum evaluation
Authors: Basso Antonella , Funari Stefania 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes to measure the museums performance with a model that combines the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Balanced Scorecard (BSC) methodologies with a third method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which is often used to support decision making. Starting from the two-stage DEA–BSC model of Basso et al. (Omega Int J Manag Sci 81:67–84, 2018), which integrates DEA and BSC, we explore the advantages to consider also the AHP methodology, with the aim to include the judgement of some museums’ experts on the relative importance of the BSC perspectives in the performance evaluation model. A first approach uses directly the AHP priorities derived from the judgements expressed by the museums’ experts interviewed to determine the weights to aggregate the four BSC performance scores into an overall performance indicator. A second approach uses the judgments of the museums’ experts indirectly to introduce proper restrictions on the output weights of the second-stage DEA model. With this approach, we overcome the problem arising from the dispersion of the preferences within the group of experts, that may heavily affects the first approach. Both approaches proposed in this contribution are applied to the case study of the municipal museums of Venice.
Evolution of Superoscillations in the Dirac Field
Authors: Colombo Fabrizio , Valente Giovanni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSuperoscillating functions are band-limited functions that can oscillate faster than their fastest Fourier component. The study of the evolution of superoscillations as initial datum of field equations requires the notion of supershift, which generalizes the concept of superoscillations. The present paper has a dual purpose. The first one is to give an updated and self-contained explanation of the strategy to study the evolution of superoscillations by referring to the quantum-mechanical Schrödinger equation and its variations. The second purpose is to treat the Dirac equation in relativistic quantum theory. The treatment of the evolution of superoscillations for the Dirac equation can be deduced by recent results on the Klein–Gordon equation, but further additional considerations are in order, which are fully described in this paper.