bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new discrete wavelet transform appropriate for hardware implementation
Authors: Meshkat Amin , Dehghani Rasoul 
Published: February 2020

SummaryA new method for computation of discrete wavelet transform is introduced. The impulse response of the finite impulse response (FIR) filter, as the main block in filter bank method, is realized such that orthonormal wavelet transform is achieved without using any multiplier as the most challenging part of the FIR filters. It is proved that the calculated Sobolev regularity of the proposed wavelet is higher than that of Daubechies for the same support width. Compared with most popular known wavelets, simulation results of the newly introduced wavelet for signal denoising prove remarkable advantage of our wavelet especially in terms of complexity and power consumption. The proposed wavelet and well‐known Daubechies wavelet are separately implemented on the Spartan‐6 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) to compare the performance of them. The occupied slices and LUTs (Lookup Table) in realization of the proposed wavelet in comparison with those of Daubechies wavelet are decreased by 50% and 56%, respectively. Its power consumption at 100 MHz is also reduced by 86% in comparison with the Daubechies wavelet, and maximum frequency is increased by 186%. Implementation with standard cells of a 0.18‐μm CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) technology shows 75% and 85% reduction in the power and chip area, respectively.
Influence of flow on the structure and dynamics of clusters in complex plasma systems
Authors: Liu Y. , Zhu X. , Wang Y. , Chen Z. , Huang F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe influence of flow with different strengths, positions, and widths on the structure and dynamics of clusters is studied by two‐dimensional (2D) Langevin molecular dynamics simulations. The particles are confined by a quadratic confining potential. The horizontal position of the system centre, average inter‐particle distance, and coupling parameter are calculated to characterize the effect of changing the strength, position, and width of the flow on the cluster structure. The trajectories, the velocity autocorrelation function, and the mean square displacement are obtained to further uncover the dynamic properties of the 2D dusty plasma system.
Effectiveness of enhanced cognitive behavior therapy for eating disorders: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Jong Martie , Spinhoven Philip , Korrelboom Kees , Deen Mathijs , van der Meer Iris , Danner Unna N. , van der Schuur Selma , Schoorl Maartje , Hoek Hans W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveEnhanced cognitive behavior therapy (CBT‐E) is a transdiagnostic treatment suitable for the full range of eating disorders (EDs). Although the effectiveness of CBT(‐E) is clear, it is not being used as widely in clinical practice as guidelines recommend. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of CBT‐E with treatment as usual (TAU), which was largely based on CBT principles.MethodWe conducted a randomized controlled trial on a total of 143 adult patients with an ED who received either CBT‐E or TAU. The primary outcome was recovery from the ED. Secondary outcome measures were levels of ED psychopathology, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Self‐esteem, perfectionism, and interpersonal problems were repeatedly measured to examine possible moderating effects. We explored differences in duration and intensity between conditions.ResultsAfter 80 weeks, there were no differences between conditions in decrease in ED psychopathology, or symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, in the first six weeks of treatment there was a larger decrease in ED psychopathology in the CBT‐E condition. Moreover, when the internationally most widely used definition of recovery was applied, the recovery rate at 20 weeks of CBT‐E was significantly higher (57.7%) than of TAU (36.0%). At 80 weeks, this difference was no longer significant (CBT‐E 60.9%; TAU 43.6%). Furthermore, CBT‐E was more effective in improving self‐esteem and was also the less intensive and shorter treatment.DiscussionWith broader use of CBT‐E, the efficiency, accessibility and effectivity (on self‐esteem) of treatment for EDs could be improved.
Validation of non‐invasive ramp testing for HeartMate 3
Authors: Najjar Emil , Thorvaldsen Tonje , Dalén Magnus , Svenarud Peter , Hallberg Kristensen Ann , Eriksson Maria J. , Maret Eva , Lund Lars H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsRamp testing in the postoperative period can be used to optimize left ventricular assist device (LVAD) speed for optimal left ventricular (LV) unloading. We tested the hypothesis that a non‐invasive echocardiographic ramp test post‐HeartMate 3 implantation improves LV unloading immediately after and 1–3 months after as compared with before the test. We also tested a secondary hypothesis that speed adjustments during echocardiography‐guided ramp testing do not worsen right ventricular (RV) function immediately after and 1–3 months after.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively reviewed data from patients who underwent an echocardiographic ramp test. A total of 14 out of 19 patients were clinically stable and were enrolled. Adequate LV unloading was defined as no more than mild mitral regurgitation, and intermittent aortic valve (AV) opening or closed AV, and reduction of left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD); and for the follow‐up measurement, decreased NT‐proBNP. Median (interquartile range) time from implantation to ramp test was 27 (16; 56) days, and median time from ramp test to follow‐up echocardiography was 55 (47; 102) days. Median LVAD speed achieved during ramp testing was 5550 (5375; 6025) revolutions per minute (rpm), and median final LVAD speed was 5200 (5000; 5425) rpm. Ramp testing resulted in final LVAD speed increase in 11 (79%) patients and a median net change of 200 (200; 300) rpm. Speed adjustments after ramp testing resulted in improved LVAD unloading that was achieved in additional 3 (21%) patients who were not originally optimized. RV function did not worsen significantly during ramp testing or at final LVAD speed.ConclusionsThe echocardiographic ramp test allowed LVAD speed adjustment and optimization and improved LV unloading during ramp testing and at final speed with no evidence of worsening of RV function.
Development of a mesoporous silica based solid‐phase extraction and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–MS/MS method for quantifying lignans in Justicia procumbens
Authors: Shen Qing , Wang Honghai , Li Shiyan , Feng Junli , Song Gongshuai , Zhang Yiqi , Ma Jianfeng , Wang Haixing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractJusticia procumbens is a food and medicine homologous variety, popularly used for making vegetable soups. In this study, a novel mesoporous silica was synthesized and used as the sorbent of SPE for the purification of lignans from J. procumbens. A laboratory‐made SPE cartridge was packed with 100 mg of mesoporous silica, which was washed with 10% methanol and eluted using 0.8 mL acetonitrile after sample loading. Afterward, the extract was analyzed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and MS/MS. All the lignans were efficiently separated in 6 min with the noise level in the range of 50–150 cps. 6′‐Hydroxy justicidin B, 6′‐hydroxy justicidin A, justicidin B, chinensinaphthol methyl ether, justicidin C, and neojusticdin A were identified to be the dominant molecular species in J. procumbens with contents of 0.065−0.37 mg/g in three tested sample batches from different geographic origins. In conclusion, the proposed mesoporous silica based SPE UPLC–MS/MS method is efficient in linearity (R2 = 0.9989−0.9996), sensitivity (LOD ≤0.13 μg/kg and LOQ ≤0.42 μg/kg), precision (RSDintra‐day ≤3.12 and RSDinter‐day ≤4.56), and recovery (83.42−96.11%, RSD ≤2.88%).
Leaf phenology amplitude derived from MODIS NDVI and EVI: Maps of leaf phenology synchrony for Meso‐ and South America
Authors: Gerard France F. , George Charles T. , Hayman Garry , Chavana‐Bryant Cecilia , Weedon Graham P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe leaf phenology (i.e. the seasonality of leaf amount and leaf demography) of ecosystems can be characterized through the use of Earth observation data using a variety of different approaches. The most common approach is to derive time series of vegetation indices (VIs) which are related to the temporal evolution of FPAR, LAI and GPP or alternatively used to derive phenology metrics that quantify the growing season. The product presented here shows a map of average ‘amplitude’ (i.e. maximum minus minimum) of annual cycles observed in MODIS‐derived NDVI and EVI from 2000 to 2013 for Meso‐ and South America. It is a robust determination of the amplitude of annual cycles of vegetation greenness derived from a Lomb–Scargle spectral analysis of unevenly spaced data. VI time series pre‐processing was used to eliminate measurement outliers, and the outputs of the spectral analysis were screened for statistically significant annual signals. Amplitude maps provide an indication of net ecosystem phenology since the satellite observations integrate the greenness variations across the plant individuals within each pixel. The average amplitude values can be interpreted as indicating the degree to which the leaf life cycles of individual plants and species are synchronized. Areas without statistically significant annual variations in greenness may still consist of individuals that show a well‐defined annual leaf phenology. In such cases, the timing of the phenology events will vary strongly within the year between individuals. Alternatively, such areas may consist mainly of plants with leaf turnover strategies that maintain a constant canopy of leaves of different ages. Comparison with in situ observations confirms our interpretation of the average amplitude measure. VI amplitude interpreted as leaf life cycle synchrony can support model evaluation by informing on the likely leaf turn over rates and seasonal variation in ecosystem leaf age distribution.
Modeling and evaluation of attention allocation in an intelligent tractor head‐up display interface
Authors: Pei Yeqing , Song Zhenghe , Jin Xiaoping , Yang Zihan , Wen Changkai , Shao Xuedong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTractors are becoming increasingly intelligent due to developments in electronics and information technology. Amid the large quantities of information in the driving cab, drivers may lack the attention resources demanded when operating, thus leading to neglect of important information. Therefore, the interface design stage must consider the human factors of the design. Designers must study and optimize the factors influencing attention allocation related to the interface design. In this study, the criticality of information is first proposed for quantifying the importance of various information in the display interface. Subsequently, the factors affecting attention allocation are investigated through experimental methods. Finally, a matching index is proposed to evaluate the interface design with respect to attention allocation. This enables the optimization of the interface design by matching attention allocation and criticality of the information. The matching index can thus serve as a design specification for tractor head‐up display interfaces.
Optimized contrast enhancement for tumor detection
Authors: Agarwal Monika , Rani Geeta , Dhaka Vijaypal Singh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a real assistant for doctors. It provides rich information about anatomy of human body for precise diagnosis of a diseases or disorder. But it is quite challenging to extract relevant information from low contrast and poor quality MRI images. Poor visual interpretation is a hindrance in correct diagnosis of a disease. This creates a strong need for contrast enhancement of MRI images. Study of existing literature shows that conventional techniques focus on intensity histogram equalization. These techniques face the problems of over enhancement, noise and unwanted artifacts. Moreover, these are incapable to yield the maximum entropy and brightness preservation. Thus ineffective in diagnosis of a defect/disease such as tumor. This motivates the authors to propose the contrast enhancement model namely optimized double threshold weighted constrained histogram equalization. The model is a pipelined approach that incorporates Otsu's double threshold method, particle swarm optimized weighted constrained model, histogram equalization, adaptive gamma correction, and Wiener filtering. This algorithm preserves all essential information recorded in an image by automatically selecting an appropriate value of threshold for image segmentation. The proposed model is effective in detecting tumor from enhanced MRI images.
Role of clinical pharmacists and pharmacy support personnel in transitions of care
Authors: Stranges Paul M. , Jackevicius Cynthia A. , Anderson Sarah L. , Bondi Deborah S. , Danelich Ilya , Emmons Roshni P. , Englin Elizabeth F. , Hansen Margaret L. , Nys Cara , Phan Hanna , Philbrick Ann M. , Rager Michelle , Schumacher Christie , Smithgall Sean 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPatients moving between health care settings or providers are at increased risk of complications, including unplanned hospital readmissions and medication errors. Several actions must occur in concert with members of the health care team and across settings to ensure coordinated and continuous care for patients undergoing these transitions of care (TOC). Clinical pharmacists support patients during care transitions by providing interventions and services designed to improve medication outcomes. Clinical pharmacists and team members who support clinical pharmacist activities (eg, pharmacy students, technicians, and residents) are located throughout the care continuum, from acute care to care in the community, with each contributing to improved TOC outcomes. This article provides information on evidence of high‐impact clinical pharmacist TOC practices to serve as a practical guide for practitioners interested in starting or improving TOC activities. This article also addresses current and emerging best practices and offers suggestions for improving clinical pharmacist involvement in care transition activities.
Modeling mesothelioma risk factors from amphibole fiber dimensionality: mineralogical and epidemiological perspective
Authors: Wylie Ann G. , Korchevskiy Andrey , Segrave Alan M. , Duane Andrew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAmphiboles are common rock‐forming minerals but when they form asbestos, they are known carcinogens. Mesothelioma mortality among miners and millers per the unit of asbestiform amphibole exposure varies significantly across cohorts when asbestos exposure measurements are based on the membrane filter method. Because the cohorts were exposed to different occurrences of asbestiform amphibole, variance in mesothelioma potency (RM) among cohorts is likely due to differences in exposure characteristics not reflected by the membrane filter method. In this paper using both linear and nonlinear models we correlate RM from four mining and milling cohorts with two‐dimensional parameters of the exposure. The parameters are based on the proportion of elongated minerals that are >5 μm in length from each occurrence that also have either (a) width ≤ 0.15 μm, or (b) width ≤ 0.25 μm. Based on the models we derived, it was possible to quantify RM for the occurrences of asbestiform amphibole associated with mesothelioma excess but for which epidemiologically based RM has not been published. It was demonstrated that modeled RM for amphibole occurrences in nonasbestiform habits are lower (fibrous glaucophane) or not significant (cleavage fragments). The results of the study can be used in a risk assessment of elongated mineral particles and have implications for public policy and regulations.
Lower intimate relationship satisfaction among partnered female service members/veterans is associated with the presence of suicidal ideation
Authors: Blais Rebecca K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesRisk for suicide among female service members/veterans (SM/Vs) is increasing, suggesting a need for additional studies of risk factors in this population. This study examined relationship satisfaction as a correlate of suicidal ideation (SI) after accounting for established risk factors for SI.MethodPartnered female SM/Vs (N = 818) completed a demographic inventory and measures of SI, relationship satisfaction, sexual function, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression.ResultsAfter accounting for covariates, lower relationship satisfaction, higher depression and PTSD severity, and minority race were associated with the presence of SI. PTSD and depression severity did not moderate this association, suggesting that regardless of mental health symptoms, relationship satisfaction is associated with increased SI risk.ConclusionsScreening for relationship satisfaction may identify SI risk in partnered female SM/Vs. Future studies should explore relationship satisfaction as a risk factor for suicidal attempts as not all SM/Vs who experience SI will attempt suicide.
CCAT2 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inhibiting miR‐145 maturation to induce MDM2 expression
Authors: Niu Chao , Wang Linlin , Ye Weijian , Guo Shikun , Bao Xiaozhou , Wang Yongbiao , Xia Zhaobo , Chen Randong , Liu Chong , Lin Xiaokun , Huang Xiaozhong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNA colon cancer‐associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) has been recently found to function as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms of CCAT2 in HCC development remain to be further explored. In the present study, we found that CCAT2 was abnormally upregulated in HCC cells and tissue specimens, exhibiting an inverse correlation with microRNA (miR)‐145 expression. Mechanistic investigation showed that CCAT2 selectively blocked miR‐145 processing, leading to decreased mature miR‐145 presence. Both the in vitro and in vivo effects of CCAT2 knockdown on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells were reversed by miR‐145 inhibitor, indicating that miR‐145 modulation accounts for CCAT2‐meditated HCC progression. Furthermore, miR‐145 mimic dramatically suppressed HCC cells' proliferation and metastasis, revealing a tumor suppressor role of miR‐145 in HCC. Mechanistically, MDM2 was predicted to be a potential target of miR‐145. The luciferase and western blot assay demonstrated that miR‐145 mimic largely inhibited MDM2 3′‐untranslated region luciferase activity and MDM2 expression, followed by the upregulation of p53/p21 expression. Finally, the coexpression of MDM2 in miR‐145 mimic‐transfected HCC cells was able to largely compromise the inhibitory effects of miR‐145 mimic on HCC cells' proliferation and metastasis in vitro and tumor formation in a xenograft model, confirming MDM2 is the critical mediator of miR‐145 in HCC. In summary, our findings indicated that CCAT2 selectively blocks the miR‐145 maturation process and plays an oncogene in HCC. Furthermore, a novel CCAT2/miR‐145/MDM2 axis was revealed in HCC development and might provide a new target in the molecular treatment of HCC.
Inflammatory mechanisms linking maternal and childhood asthma
Authors: Lebold Katie M , Jacoby David B , Drake Matthew G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Asthma often develops during childhood and causes lifelong decrements in lung function and quality of life. Risk factors for childhood asthma are numerous and include genetic, epigenetic, developmental, and environmental factors. Uncontrolled maternal asthma during pregnancy exposes the developing fetus to inflammatory insults, which further increase the risk of childhood asthma independent of genetic predisposition. This review focuses on the role of maternal asthma in the development of asthma in offspring. We will present maternal asthma as a targetable and modifiable risk factor for childhood asthma and discuss the mechanisms by which maternal inflammation increases childhood asthma risk. Topics include how exposure to maternal asthma in utero shapes structural lung development with a special emphasis on airway nerves, how maternal type-2 cytokines such as IL-5 activate the fetal immune system, and how changes in lung and immune cell development inform responses to aero-allergens later in life. Finally, we highlight emerging evidence that maternal asthma establishes a unique “asthma signature” in the airways of children, leading to novel mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity and inflammatory cell responses.
Ultrasound Features and Rate of Upgrade to Malignancy in Atypical Apocrine Lesions of the Breast
Authors: Jung Hyun Kyung , Kim Suk Jung , Kim Woogyeong , Lim Yun‐Jung , Lee Yedaun , Hahn Seok , Lee Ho‐Joon 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the ultrasound (US) features and rate of upgrade to malignancy in atypical apocrine lesions (AALs) of the breast, diagnosed on percutaneous needle biopsy.MethodsThis retrospective study included 17 AALs diagnosed by needle biopsy in 15 patients. For 16 of the 17 AALs, subsequent surgical excision (n = 14) or 8‐gauge vacuum‐assisted biopsy (n = 2) was performed. Ultrasound features were retrospectively analyzed according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon.ResultsOf 17 AALs, 13 (76.5%) were atypical apocrine hyperplasia; 3 (17.6%) were atypical apocrine adenosis; and 1 (5.9%) was combined atypical apocrine hyperplasia and atypical apocrine adenosis on needle biopsy. Subsequently, 4 of 16 AALs (25%) were upgraded to malignancy at surgical excision. On US imaging, all 17 lesions presented as masses, which were mainly irregular and noncircumscribed (n = 8) or oval/round and noncircumscribed (n = 7) with isoechogenicity or hypoechogenicity. Rarely, an AAL would show complex cystic and solid echogenicity (n = 1) or appear as a hypoechoic mass with oval shape and a circumscribed margin (n = 1).ConclusionsAtypical apocrine lesions of the breast often showed suspicious malignant features on US imaging. Given the high upgrade rate (25%), the diagnosis of an AAL by needle biopsy warrants subsequent surgical excision.
Relationship of benggang number, area, and hypsometric integral values at different landform developmental stages
Authors: Liao Yishan , Zheng Mingguo , Li Dingqiang , Wu Xinliang , Liang Chen , Nie Xiaodong , Huang Bin , Xie Zhenyue , Yuan Zaijian , Tang Changyuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn south China, benggang erosion causes intensive soil loss and land degradation. However, the mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear. In this study, the relationship between soil erosion, landform development, and benggang development in Jiangxi and Fujian provinces of China was investigated by using a soil erosion model and hypsometric integral (HI) values. Benggang number and area density are shown to increase first and then decrease with HI, with the highest benggang number density (0.27 benggang km−2) at a HI value between 0.18 and 0.20, the largest benggang area density (0.0016 km2 km−2) at a HI value between 0.14 and 0.16, and 78.66% of benggang in the stage of HI > 0.16. The current regional benggang erosion shows an aggravating trend, with a denudation rate of 0.04–5.7 mm yr−1，reducing HI by 1 × 10−7–1.03 × 10−4 per year in each watershed. The active period of regional benggang varies from 2,029 to 53,999 years with an average of 26,371 years. The landform development shows a close relationship with benggang evolution and can be divided into four zones: no benggang, historical benggang, current benggang, and potential benggang. Current benggang dominated (70.52%) in Jiangxi Province, while potential benggang (68.60%) in Fujian Province, suggesting a fall‐rise pattern for this erosion in the future. This study contributes to the understanding of the regional benggang development and the adoption of corresponding measures to control it.