bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of feeding hay vs. silages of various types to dairy cows on feed intake, milk composition and coagulation properties
Authors: Manzocchi Elisa , Hengartner Werner , Kreuzer Michael , Giller Katrin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis research paper addresses the hypotheses (1) that milk produced from hay-fed cows differs from that of silage-fed cows and (2) that silage type has an important impact, too. Four diets differing in forage type but with equal estimated milk production potential and a forage:concentrate ratio of 0.85 : 0.15 were compared regarding their effect on feed intake, milk yield and milk properties. The forages tested were hay, grass silage, conventional short-chopped and long-chopped maize silage subjected to a novel processing technology (Shredlage®). Twenty-four dairy cows were fed two of the four diets in two consecutive runs in an incomplete (4 × 2) Latin-square design (n = 12 per diet). Each experimental period lasted 22 d, with 12 d of adaptation and 10 d of sampling. During sampling, feed intake and milk yield were recorded daily, milk composition and coagulation properties were determined four times. The composition of the diet ingredients was analysed weekly. Data were analysed with a mixed model considering feed, period and their interaction as fixed effects. Stage of lactation, milk yield and milk composition from the pre-experimental period were used as covariates in the model. Dry matter intake was lower with the long-chopped processed maize silage compared to the other three groups. There were some diet differences in intakes of net energy for lactation and absorbable protein in the duodenum, but this did not result in changes in milk yield. The milk fat content was higher with the grassland-based diets compared to the maize silage diets. No treatment effect on milk acidity and rennet coagulation properties was observed. In conclusion, there were no indications for specific physico-chemical properties of milk from a hay-based diet, and maize processing technology was not of large effect either. Future investigations should focus on sensory differentiation of the milk produced with different forages.
Ligation of left pulmonary artery instead of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Yucel Semih Murat , Sahin Irfan Oguz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuctus arteriosus is an essential component of fetal circulation. Due to occurring changes in the cardiopulmonary system physiology after birth, ductus arteriosus closes. Patent ductus arteriosus can be closed by medical or invasive (percutaneous or surgical) treatment methods. Percutaneous or surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus can be performed for the cases that medical closure failed. Surgical treatment is often preferred method for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in the neonatal period. The most common surgical complications are pneumothorax, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, bleeding, and recanalisation. A very rare surgical complication is left pulmonary artery ligation that has been presented in a few cases in the literature. Echocardiography control should be performed in the early post-operative period, especially in patients with clinical suspicion. If reoperation is required, it should never be delayed. We report a newborn patient whose left pulmonary artery ligated accidentally during patent ductus arteriosus closure surgery and surgical correction of this complication at the early post-operative period.
Market dominance and endogenous decline: the contribution of historical analysis
Authors: van Bavel Bas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe advances in economic and social history over the past years enabled me to empirically test assumptions about the long-run development of markets. The review by Geoff Hodgson of the resulting book, The Invisible Hand?, is lucid but incomplete. I argue that the rise to dominance of factor markets, followed by that of financial markets, took place already in several early cases, and that all market economies, through an endogenous process, saw the accumulation of wealth and, next, the translation of this wealth into political leverage, creating a feedback loop with negative outcomes which is very hard to break.
Compact dual-/tri-/quad-band bandpass filters with independently frequency-tunable and switchable passbands
Authors: Li Zhao , Wang Litian , He Ming , Li Xiaqing , Liang Zhelong , Wang Zhipeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the design of frequency-tunable dual-band, tri-band and quad-band bandpass filters (BPFs). The proposed three BPFs can be independently tuned and individually switched by varying the capacitances of the varactors. In the designed tunable dual-band BPF (TD-BPF), common input/output feed lines are utilized for two tunable dual-mode resonators (TDRs). Further, three TDRs and four TDRs are employed to achieve tunable tri-band BPF (TT-BPF) and tunable quad-band BPF (TQ-BPF), respectively. Then, the TD-BPF and the TT-BPF are fabricated and measured to verify individual tunability and independent switchability. For the TD-BPF, the measurement results show that the center frequency (CF) of the first passband varies from 1.37 to 1.62 GHz, and the CF of the second passband varies from 2.3 to 2.64 GHz. In the measured TT-BPF, the tuning ranges of CFs of three passbands are 1.3–1.5 GHz, 2.36–2.6 GHz, and 3–3.54 GHz, respectively.
A millimeter-wave fundamental and subharmonic hybrid CMOS mixer for dual-band applications
Authors: Zhu Fang , Luo Guo Qing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes and presents a millimeter-wave (MMW) fundamental and subharmonic hybrid mixer in a 65-nm CMOS technology. Based on a hybrid structure with two switching quads and a quasi-diplexer, the proposed circuit can function either as a fundamental mixer (FM) or a subharmonic mixer (SHM) for dual-band applications. An application of the MMW hybrid mixer in a concurrent dual-band receiver is also discussed, which indicates that the proposed mixer can operate at two different MMW frequency bands concurrently as long as the frequency conversion schemes are carefully designed. Measured results show that the 3-dB RF bandwidth of the MMW hybrid mixer ranges from 16 to 35 GHz for the FM mode and 30 to 53 GHz for the SHM mode, respectively.
An Asian-centric human movement database capturing activities of daily living
Authors: Liang Phyllis , Kwong Wai Hang , Sidarta Ananda , Yap Choon Kong , Tan Wee Kiat , Lim Lek Syn , Chan Pui Yee , Kuah Christopher Wee Keong , Wee Seng Kwee , Chua Karen , Quek Colin , Ang Wei Tech 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAssessment of human movement performance in activities of daily living (ADL) is a key component in clinical and rehabilitation settings. Motion capture technology is an effective method for objective assessment of human movement. Existing databases capture human movement and ADL performance primarily in the Western population, and there are no Asian databases to date. This is despite the fact that Asian anthropometrics influence movement kinematics and kinetics. This paper details the protocol in the first phase of the largest Asian normative human movement database. Data collection has commenced, and this paper reports 10 healthy participants. Twelve tasks were performed and data was collected using Qualisys motion capture system, force plates and instrumented table and chair. In phase two, human movement of individuals with stroke and knee osteoarthritis will be captured. This can have great potential for benchmarking with the normative human movement captured in phase one and predicting recovery and progression of movement for patients. With individualised progression, it will offer the development of personalised therapy protocols in rehabilitation.
Nrf2 contributes to the weight gain of mice during space travel
Authors: Suzuki Takafumi , Uruno Akira , Yumoto Akane , Taguchi Keiko , Suzuki Mikiko , Harada Nobuhiko , Ryoke Rie , Naganuma Eriko , Osanai Nanae , Goto Aya , Suda Hiromi , Browne Ryan , Otsuki Akihito , Katsuoka Fumiki , Zorzi Michael , Yamazaki Takahiro , Saigusa Daisuke , Koshiba Seizo , Nakamura Takashi , Fukumoto Satoshi , Ikehata Hironobu , Nishikawa Keizo , Suzuki Norio , Hirano Ikuo , Shimizu Ritsuko , Oishi Tetsuya , Motohashi Hozumi , Tsubouchi Hirona , Okada Risa , Kudo Takashi , Shimomura Michihiko , Kensler Thomas W. , Mizuno Hiroyasu , Shirakawa Masaki , Takahashi Satoru , Shiba Dai , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpace flight produces an extreme environment with unique stressors, but little is known about how our body responds to these stresses. While there are many intractable limitations for in-flight space research, some can be overcome by utilizing gene knockout-disease model mice. Here, we report how deletion of Nrf2, a master regulator of stress defense pathways, affects the health of mice transported for a stay in the International Space Station (ISS). After 31 days in the ISS, all flight mice returned safely to Earth. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that the stresses of space travel evoked ageing-like changes of plasma metabolites and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Especially, Nrf2 was found to be important for maintaining homeostasis of white adipose tissues. This study opens approaches for future space research utilizing murine gene knockout-disease models, and provides insights into mitigating space-induced stresses that limit the further exploration of space by humans.
The influence of structure on the methyl group dynamics of polymorphic complexes: 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-dipyridyl with halo derivatives of benzoquinone acids
Authors: Rok Magdalena , Moskwa Marcin , Dopieralski Przemysław , Medycki Wojciech , Zamponi Michaela , Bator Grażyna 
Published: September 2020

The structural analysis, neutron scattering, 1H NMR and computational methods combined to investigate new molecular complexes.
Three-dimensional modeling from the onset of the SN to the full-fledged SNR
Authors: Tutone A. , Orlando S. , Miceli M. , Ustamujic S. , Ono M. , Nagataki S. , Ferrand G. , Greco E. , Peres G. , Warren D. C. , Bocchino F. 
Published: September 2020

Context. The manifold phases in the evolution of a core-collapse (CC) supernova (SN) play an important role in determining the physical properties and morphology of the resulting supernova remnant (SNR). Thus, the complex morphology of SNRs is expected to reflect possible asymmetries and structures developed during and soon after the SN explosion.
Aims. The aim of this work is to bridge the gap between CC SNe and their remnants by investigating how post-explosion anisotropies in the ejecta influence the structure and chemical properties of the remnant at later times.
Methods. We performed three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations starting soon after the SN event and following the evolution of the system in the circumstellar medium, which includes the wind of the stellar progenitor, for 5000 yr, obtaining the physical scenario of a SNR. Here we focused the analysis on the case of a progenitor red supergiant of 19.8 M⊙. We also investigated how a post-explosion large-scale anisotropy in the SN affects the ejecta distribution and the matter mixing of heavy elements in the remnant during the first 5000 yr of evolution.
Results. In the case of a spherically symmetric SN explosion without large-scale anisotropies, the remnant roughly keeps memory of the original onion-like layering of ejecta soon after the SN event. Nevertheless, as the reverse shock hits the ejecta, the element distribution departs from a homologous expansion because of the slowing down of the outermost ejecta layers due to interaction with the reverse shock. In the case of a large-scale anisotropy developed after the SN, we found that the chemical stratification in the ejecta can be strongly modified and the original onion-like layering is not preserved. The anisotropy may cause spatial inversion of ejecta layers, for instance leading to Fe/Si-rich ejecta outside the O shell, and may determine the formation of Fe/Si-rich jet-like features that may protrude the remnant outline. The level of matter mixing and the properties of the jet-like feature are sensitive to the initial physical (density and velocity) and geometrical (size and position) initial characteristics of the anisotropy.
Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzothiazol-5-amines from N,N-Dialkyl-3-nitroanilines
Authors: Nguyen Tung T. , Phan Nam T. S. , Pham Hang T. , Ho Tuan H. , Do Duy Q. , Nguyen Kim L. H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report a simple method for coupling of N,N-dialkyl-3-nitroarenes, elemental sulfur, and activated sp3 C–H bonds in 2-methylazaarenes or arylacetic acids to afford derivatives of 2-arylbenzothiazol-5-amines. Only DABCO base was required, and many heterocycles such as imidazoles, oxazoles, quinolines, and thiophenes were compatible with the reaction conditions. Our approach offers a simple route to useful substituted thiazol-5-amines from commercially available nitroarenes.
The Role of Lymphatics in Cholestasis: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: O'Brien April , Gasheva Olga , Alpini Gianfranco , Zawieja David , Gashev Anatoliy , Glaser Shannon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCholestatic liver disease affects millions of people worldwide and stems from a plethora of causes such as immune dysfunction, genetics, cancerous growths, and lifestyle choices. While not considered a classical lymphatic organ, the liver plays a vital role in the lymph system producing up to half of the body's lymph per day. The lymphatic system is critical to the health of an organism with its networks of vessels that provide drainage for lymphatic fluid and routes for surveilling immune cells. Cholestasis results in an increase of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and inflammatory infiltrate. Left unchecked, further disease progression will include collagen deposition which impedes both the hepatic and lymphatic ducts, eventually resulting in an increase in hepatic decompensation, increasing portal pressures, and accumulation of fluid within the abdominal cavity (ascites). Despite the documented interplay between these vital systems, little is known about the effect of liver disease on the lymph system and its biological response. This review looks at the current cholestatic literature from the perspective of the lymphatic system and summarizes what is known about the role of the lymph system in liver pathogenesis during hepatic injury and remodeling, immune-modulating events, or variations in interstitial pressures.
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity
Authors: Scott Rachael A. , Rabinstein Alejandro A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a relatively common, but often unrecognized, complication of acute diffuse or multifocal brain diseases, most frequently encountered in young comatose patients with severe traumatic brain injury. It is presumed to be caused by loss of cortical inhibitory modulation of diencephalic and brain stem centers and possible additional maladaptive changes in the spinal cord that combine to produce exaggerated sympathetic responses to stimulation. The syndrome consists of repeated sudden episodes of tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, sweating, and sometimes fever and dystonic posturing. The diagnosis is clinical. Treatment includes reducing any external stimulation that can trigger the episodes, and starting abortive (e.g., intravenous morphine) and preventive medications (e.g., gabapentin, propranolol, clonidine). Prompt and adequate treatment of PSH may reduce the likelihood of secondary complications, such as dehydration, weight loss and malnutrition, and muscle contractures.
Clinical Trials for Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension: A Comprehensive Review of Endpoints, Pitfalls, and Challenges
Authors: Palma Jose-Alberto , Kaufmann Horacio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is among the most debilitating nonmotor features of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. Patients with PD and nOH generate more hospitalizations, make more emergency room visits, create more telephone calls/mails to doctors, and have earlier mortality than those with PD but without nOH. Overall, the health-related cost in patients with PD and OH is 2.5-fold higher compared with patients with PD without OH. Hence, developing effective therapies for nOH should be a research priority. In the last few decades, improved understanding of the pathophysiology of nOH has led to the identification of therapeutic targets and the development and approval of two drugs, midodrine and droxidopa. More effective and safer therapies, however, are still needed, particularly agents that could selectively increase blood pressure only in the standing position because supine hypertension is the main limitation of available drugs. Here we review the design and conduct of nOH clinical trials in patients with PD and other synucleinopathies, summarize the results of the most recently completed and ongoing trials, and discuss challenges, bottlenecks, and potential remedies.
Nonfreezing Cold Injury in a Pediatric Hiker
Authors: McCarthy Matthew T. , Savino Anthony K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNonfreezing cold injury has been primarily described in military populations as a result of prolonged exposure to wet environments and cold, but not freezing, temperatures. This type of injury occurs less commonly in the civilian population and in children, but poses a risk for short-term debilitating extremity pain, tissue damage, and infection and for long-term chronic neuropathic pain and temperature intolerance. We describe a case of nonfreezing cold injury in a pediatric hiker.
How Does Robotic-Arm Assisted Technology Influence Total Knee Arthroplasty Implant Placement for Surgeons in Fellowship Training?
Authors: Scholl Laura Y. , Hampp Emily L. , de Souza Kevin M. , Chang Ta-Cheng , Deren Matthew , Yenna Zachary C. , Sodhi Nipun , Mont Michael A , Westrich Geoffrey H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImplant malalignment during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may lead to suboptimal postoperative outcomes. Accuracy studies are typically performed with experienced surgeons; however, it is important to study less experienced surgeons when considering teaching hospitals where younger surgeons operate. Therefore, this study assessed whether robotic-arm assisted TKA (RATKA) allowed for more accurate and precise implant position to plan when compared with manual techniques when the surgery is performed by in-training orthopaedic surgical fellows. Two surgeons, currently in their fellowship training and having minimal RATKA experience, performed a total of six manual TKA (MTKA) and six RATKAs on paired cadaver knees. Computed tomography scans were obtained for each knee pre- and postoperatively. These scans were analyzed using a custom autosegmentation and autoregistration process to compare postoperative implant position with the preoperative planned position. Mean system errors and standard deviations were compared between RATKA and MTKA for the femoral component for sagittal, coronal, and axial planes and for the tibial component in the sagittal and coronal planes. A 2-Variance testing was performed using an α = 0.05. Although not statistically significant, RATKA was found to have greater accuracy and precision to plan than MTKA for: femoral axial plane (1.1° ± 1.1° vs. 1.6° ± 1.3°), coronal plane (0.9° ± 0.7° vs. 2.2° ± 1.0°), femoral sagittal plane (1.5° ± 1.3° vs. 3.1° ± 2.1°), tibial coronal plane (0.9° ± 0.5° vs. 1.9° ± 1.3°), and tibial sagittal plane (1.7° ± 2.6° vs. 4.7° ± 4.1°). There were no statistical differences between surgical groups or between the two surgeons performing the cases. With limited RATKA experience, fellows showed increased accuracy and precision to plan for femoral and tibial implant positions. Furthermore, these results were comparable to what has been reported for an experienced surgeon performing RATKA.
A bilateral tumor model identifies transcriptional programs associated with patient response to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Chen Ivy X. , Newcomer Kathleen , Pauken Kristen E. , Juneja Vikram R. , Naxerova Kamila , Wu Michelle W. , Pinter Matthias , Sen Debattama R. , Singer Meromit , Sharpe Arlene H. , Jain Rakesh K. 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized treatment of many cancer types, but the majority of treated patients still do not respond to ICB. There is an urgent need to identify predictive biomarkers of response prior to or shortly after therapy initiation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Here we utilize a model of bilateral tumor implantations followed by resection and immunotherapy-response assessment to study the tumor microenvironment shortly following treatment, identifying biomarkers for response or resistance at early time points. Our biomarker gene signatures derived from CD8+T cells significantly segregate patients by survival and associate with patient response to ICB. Our findings provide a general approach for studying mechanisms of resistance to ICB and discovering predictive biomarkers of response.
A conserved subcomplex within the bacterial cytokinetic ring activates cell wall synthesis by the FtsW-FtsI synthase
Authors: Marmont Lindsey S. , Bernhardt Thomas G. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Cell division is an essential process in bacteria and an attractive target for antibiotic development. A major activity of the division apparatus is the synthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan that will ultimately fortify the poles of the daughter cells. How cell wall synthesis by the division machinery is regulated has remained unclear. In this report, we use a combination of genetics and biochemical reconstitution to demonstrate that a complex of the highly conserved FtsQ, FtsL, and FtsB proteins serves as an essential activator of cell wall synthesis within the cytokinetic ring.
Circulation of gut-preactivated naïve CD8+T cells enhances antitumor immunity in B cell-defective mice
Authors: Akrami Maryam , Menzies Rosemary , Chamoto Kenji , Miyajima Michio , Suzuki Ryuji , Sato Hiroyuki , Nishii Akiko , Tomura Michio , Fagarasan Sidonia , Honjo Tasuku 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceAccumulating evidence supports important roles for the microbiota in health and disease. The absence of IgA induces microbial dysbiosis, leading to inflammation in the gut environment. Here, we found that the strong antitumor immunity of B cell-deficient mice is due to their microbial dysbiosis, leading to activation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling in peripheral CD8+T cells. The constant circulation of CD8+T cells, particularly the naïve subset between the periphery and the gut, leads to the induction of a gut-educated naïve subpopulation in the periphery. Exposure to type I IFN in the gut endows this naïve subpopulation with superior effector potential. These data provide important insights into how the gut environment can shape peripheral immunity.
Quantum state preparation of hydrogen atoms by hyperfine quenching
Authors: Alencar Amanda , Prazeres I , de Carvalho C R , Impens François , Medina A , de Castro Faria N V , Robert J , Jalbert Ginette 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We discuss the use of a region of uniform and constant magnetic field in order to implement a two-state atomic polarizer for an H(2S) beam. We have observed that a device with such field configuration is capable of achieving an efficient polarization for a wide range of magnetic field intensities and atomic velocities. In addition, we establish a criterion that must be met to confirm a successful polarization. That is possible due to a specific beating pattern for the Lyman-α radiation expected for the outgoing two-state atomic beam.