bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the initial foot contact strategy on knee joint moments during stair and ramp descent
Authors: Jeon Hyeong-Min , Choi Eui-Bum , Heo Jae-Hoon , Eom Gwang-Moon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGait modification strategies are effective in reducing knee joint loads, which are associated with the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effect of modification of the initial foot contact method in high-loading descending task was not investigated. Here, we show that the initial foot contact strategy significantly alters knee joint moments during descending tasks. We found that the second peak flexion moment was lower for the forefoot strike (FFS) than for the rearfoot strike (RFS) in both stair and ramp descent. As for the peak adduction moment, the second peak was lower for the FFS in stair descent, but two peaks were inconsistent in ramp descent. Our results demonstrate that the knee joint loads can be reduced by simple modification of the initial foot contact strategy. In both descending modalities, the FFS may benefit people with early OA in the patellofemoral joint, whose progression is associated with the peak flexion moment. Likewise, the FFS during stair descent may benefit people with early OA in the medial knee, whose progression is associated with the peak adduction moment. The results would be helpful for prevention and rehabilitation programmes of knee OA.
Next generation sequencing-aided comprehensive geographic coverage sheds light on the status of rare and extinct populations of Aporia butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Authors: Todisco Valentina , Vodă Raluca , Prosser Sean W. J. , Nazari Vazrick 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Black-veined WhiteAporia crataegi(Linnaeus, 1758), a common and widespread butterfly ranging from northwestern Africa to Europe and Asia, has been extinct in Britain since the 1920s and is on a steady decline in several other parts of its range. In order to investigate genetic diversity withinA. crataegiand its correspondence with current subspecies-level taxonomy, we barcoded 173 specimens from across its range including, for the first time, extinct populations from Britain and Korea. Using next generation sequencing we also obtained a sequence forAporia joubini, a peculiar taxon from China known only by its type specimen collected in the early twentieth century. Our phylogenetic analysis placedA. joubinisister toA. oberthuri, although further taxon sampling may reveal a different scheme. WithinA. crataegi, we observed a shallow and weak mitogenomic structure with only a few distinct lineages in North Africa, Sicily, Iran, and Japan. Eurasian populations, including those extinct in Britain and Korea, clustered into a large set of closely allied lineages, consistent with a recent expansion during the Late Pleistocene glacial period. This study highlights the importance of museum collections and the unique opportunities they provide in documenting species diversity and helping conservation efforts.
A comparative metabolomic study on desi and kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under rainfed and irrigated field conditions
Authors: Nisa Zaib Un , Arif Anjuman , Waheed Muhammad Qandeel , Shah Tariq Mahmood , Iqbal Ayesha , Siddiqui Amna Jabbar , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , El-Seedi Hesham R. , Musharraf Syed Ghulam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChickpea is considered among the most important leguminous crops in the world. However, in recent years drought conditions and/or limited availability of water have significantly reduced the production of chickpea. The current study was aimed to understand the legume stress response at the metabolic level for the determination of chickpea genotypes which can resist yield losses and could be cultivated with limited water availability. Here, we have analyzed two genotypes of chickpea, desi and kabuli under rainfed condition using a GC–MS based untargeted metabolomics approach. Results revealed significant differences in several metabolite features including oxalic acid, threonic acid, inositol, maltose and l-proline between studied groups. Accumulation of plant osmoprotectants such as l-proline, sugars and sugar alcohols was higher in desi genotype than kabuli genotype of chickpea when grown under the rainfed condition. Metabolic pathway analysis suggests that the inositol phosphate metabolism was involved in plant defense mechanisms against the limited water availability.
Fine mapping of a leaf flattening gene Bralcm through BSR-Seq in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)
Authors: Zhang Meidi , Huang Shengnan , Gao Yue , Fu Wei , Qu Gaoyang , Zhao Yonghui , Shi Fengyan , Liu Zhiyong , Feng Hui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLeaf flattening influences plant photosynthesis, thereby affecting product yield and quality. Here, we obtained a stably inherited leaf crinkled mutant (lcm), derived from the Chinese cabbage doubled haploid (DH) ‘FT’ line using EMS mutagenesis combined with isolated microspore culture. The crinkled phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, namely Bralcm, which was preliminarily mapped to chromosome A01 by bulked segregant analysis RNA-seq, and further between markers SSRS-1 and IndelD-20 using 1,575 recessive homozygous individuals in F2 population by a map-based cloning method. The target region physical distance was 126.69 kb, containing 23 genes; the marker SSRMG-4 co-segregated with the crinkled trait. Further, we found SSRMG-4 to be located on BraA01g007510.3C, a homolog of AHA2, which encodes H+-ATPase2, an essential enzyme in plant growth and development. Sequence analysis indicated a C to T transition in exon 7 of BraA01g007510.3C, resulting in a Thr (ACT) to Ile (ATT) amino acid change. Genotyping revealed that the leaf crinkled phenotype fully co-segregated with this SNP within the recombinants. qRT-PCR demonstrated that BraA01g007510.3C expression in lcm mutant leaves was dramatically higher than that in wild-type ‘FT’. Thus, BraA01g007510.3C is a strong candidate gene for Bralcm, and AHA2 is possibly associated with leaf flattening in Chinese cabbage.
Network pharmacology suggests biochemical rationale for treating COVID-19 symptoms with a Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Deng-hai , Zhang Xue , Peng Bin , Deng Sheng-qiong , Wang Yu-fang , Yang Lin , Zhang Kai-zheng , Ling Chang-quan , Wu Kun-lun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChinese herbal formulas including the lung-cleaning and toxicity-excluding (LCTE) soup have played an important role in treating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic (caused by SARS-CoV-2) in China. Applying LCTE outside of China may prove challenging due to the unfamiliar rationale behind its application in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine. To overcome this barrier, a biochemical understanding of the clinical effects of LCTE is needed. Here, we explore the chemical compounds present in the reported LCTE ingredients and the proteins targeted by these compounds via a network pharmacology analysis. Our results indicate that LCTE contains compounds with the potential to directly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation, and that the compound targets proteins highly related to COVID-19’s main symptoms. We predict the general effect of LCTE is to affect the pathways involved in viral and other microbial infections, inflammation/cytokine response, and lung diseases. Our work provides a biochemical basis for using LCTE to treat COVID-19 and its main symptoms.
LINC00205 promotes malignancy in lung cancer by recruiting FUS and stabilizing CSDE1
Authors: Xie Peng , Guo Yesong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers, including LC. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 205 (LINC00205) is identified as a novel lncRNA, which has only been unmasked to be a potential cancer promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. The biologic function and the molecular mechanism of LINC00205 in LC require to be investigated. In the present study, we observed the elevated expression of LINC00205 in LC tissues and cells through real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Additionally, silencing LINC00205 inhibited LC cell growth and migration, but aggravated cell apoptosis. Moreover, we found that LINC00205 recruited FUS to maintain the mRNA stability of cold shock domain containing E1 (CSDE1) and therefore up-regulated CSDE1 expression in LC. Further, the effects of LINC00205 on LC cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were all erased by CSDE1 overexpression. These findings demonstrated that LINC00205 facilitates malignant phenotypes in LC by recruiting FUS to stabilize CSDE1, suggesting LINC00205 as a potential target for LC therapy.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells shift Th17/Treg ratio and promote systemic lupus erythematosus progression through arginase-1/miR-322-5p/TGF-β pathway
Authors: Pang Bo , Zhen Yu , Hu Cong , Ma Zhanchuan , Lin Shan , Yi Huanfa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Immune cells play important roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We previously found that myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC)-derived arginase-1 (Arg-1) promoted Th17 cell differentiation in SLE. In the present study, we performed RNA-chip to identify the microRNA regulation network between MDSCs and Th17 cells. miR-542-5p in humans, as the homologous gene of miR-322-5p in mice was significantly up-regulated in the Th17+MDSC group compared with Th17 cells cultured alone and down-regulated in the Th17+MDSC+Arg-1 inhibitor group compared with the Th17+MDSC group. We further evaluated the miR-322-5p and Th17/Treg balance in mice and found that the proportions of both Th17 cells and Tregs were elevated and that miR-322-5p overexpression activated the transforming growth factor-β pathway. Moreover, although miR-322-5p expression was higher in SLE mice, it decreased after treatment with an Arg-1 inhibitor. The proportion of Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio correlated with miR-322-5p levels. In conclusion, MDSC-derived Arg-1 and mmu-miR-322-5p not only promote Th17 cell and Treg differentiation, but also shift the Th17/Treg ratio in SLE. The Arg-1/miR-322-5p axis may serve as a novel treatment target for SLE.
Survey of Gravitationally-lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI)
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro , Verma Aprajita , More Anupreeta , Baeten Elisabeth , Macmillan Christine , Wong Kenneth C. , Chan James H. H. , Jaelani Anton T. , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Oguri Masamune , Rusu Cristian E. , Veldthuis Marten , Trouille Laura , Marshall Philip J. , Hutchings Roger , Allen Campbell , O’ Donnell James , Cornen Claude , Davis Christopher P. , McMaster Adam , Lintott Chris , Miller Grant 
Published: August 2020

Context.Strong lenses are extremely useful probes of the distribution of matter on galaxy and cluster scales at cosmological distances, however, they are rare and difficult to find. The number of currently known lenses is on the order of 1000.Aims.The aim of this study is to use crowdsourcing to carry out a lens search targeting massive galaxies selected from over 442 square degrees of photometric data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey.Methods.Based on the S16A internal data release of the HSC survey, we chose a sample of ∼300 000 galaxies with photometric redshifts in the range of 0.2 < zphot < 1.2 and photometrically inferred stellar masses of logM* > 11.2. We crowdsourced lens finding on this sample of galaxies on the Zooniverse platform as part of the Space Warps project. The sample was complemented by a large set of simulated lenses and visually selected non-lenses for training purposes. Nearly 6000 citizen volunteers participated in the experiment. In parallel, we used YATTALENS, an automated lens-finding algorithm, to look for lenses in the same sample of galaxies.Results.Based on a statistical analysis of classification data from the volunteers, we selected a sample of the most promising ∼1500 candidates, which we then visually inspected: half of them turned out to be possible (grade C) lenses or better. By including lenses found by YATTALENSor serendipitously noticed in the discussion section of the Space Warps website, we were able to find 14 definite lenses (grade A), 129 probable lenses (grade B), and 581 possible lenses. YATTALENSfound half the number of lenses that were discovered via crowdsourcing.Conclusions.Crowdsourcing is able to produce samples of lens candidates with high completeness, when multiple images are clearly detected, and with higher purity compared to the currently available automated algorithms. A hybrid approach, in which the visual inspection of samples of lens candidates pre-selected by discovery algorithms or coupled to machine learning is crowdsourced, will be a viable option for lens finding in the 2020s, with forthcoming wide-area surveys such as LSST,Euclid, and WFIRST.
New BRITE-Constellation observations of the roAp star α Cir
Authors: Weiss W. W. , Fröhlich H.-E. , Kallinger T. , Kuschnig R. , Popowicz A. , Baade D. , Buzasi D. , Handler G. , Kochukhov O. , Koudelka O. , Moffat A. F. J. , Pablo B. , Wade G. , Zwintz K. 
Published: August 2020

Context. Chemically peculiar (CP) stars with a measurable magnetic field comprise the group of mCP stars. The pulsating members define the subgroup of rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars, of which α Cir is the brightest member. Hence, α Cir allows the application of challenging techniques, such as interferometry, very high temporal and spectral resolution photometry, and spectroscopy in a wide wavelength range, that have the potential to provide unique information about the structure and evolution of a star.
Aims. Based on new photometry from BRITE-Constellation, obtained with blue and red filters, and on photometry from WIRE, SMEI, and TESS we attempt to determine the surface spot structure of α Cir and investigate pulsation frequencies.
Methods. We used photometric surface imaging and frequency analyses and Bayesian techniques in order to quantitatively compare the probability of different models.
Results. BRITE-Constellation photometry obtained from 2014 to 2016 is put in the context of space photometry obtained by WIRE, SMEI, and TESS. This provides improvements in the determination of the rotation period and surface features (three spots detected and a fourth one indicated). The main pulsation frequencies indicate two consecutive radial modes and one intermediate dipolar mode. Advantages and problems of the applied Bayesian technique are discussed.
Alone but not lonely: Observational evidence that binary interaction is always required to form hot subdwarf stars
Authors: Pelisoli Ingrid , Vos Joris , Geier Stephan , Schaffenroth Veronika , Baran Andrzej S. 
Published: August 2020

Context.Hot subdwarfs are core-helium burning stars that show lower masses and higher temperatures than canonical horizontal branch stars. They are believed to be formed when a red giant suffers an extreme mass-loss episode. Binary interaction is suggested to be the main formation channel, but the high fraction of apparently single hot subdwarfs (up to 30%) has prompted single star formation scenarios to be proposed.Aims.We investigate the possibility that hot subdwarfs could form without interaction by studying wide binary systems. If single formation scenarios were possible, there should be hot subdwarfs in wide binaries that have undergone no interaction.Methods.Angular momentum accretion during interaction is predicted to cause the hot subdwarf companion to spin up to the critical velocity. The effect of this should still be observable given the timescales of the hot subdwarf phase. To study the rotation rates of companions, we have analysed light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite for all known hot subdwarfs showing composite spectral energy distributions indicating the presence of a main sequence wide binary companion. If formation without interaction were possible, that would also imply the existence of hot subdwarfs in very wide binaries that are not predicted to interact. To identify such systems, we have searched for common proper motion companions with projected orbital distances of up to 0.1 pc to all known spectroscopically confirmed hot subdwarfs usingGaiaDR2 astrometry.Results.We find that the companions in composite hot subdwarfs show short rotation periods when compared to field main sequence stars. They display a triangular-shaped distribution with a peak around 2.5 days, similar to what is observed for young open clusters. We also report a shortage of hot subdwarfs with candidate common proper motion companions. We identify only 16 candidates after probing 2938 hot subdwarfs with good astrometry. Out of those, at least six seem to be hierarchical triple systems, in which the hot subdwarf is part of an inner binary.Conclusions.The observed distribution of rotation rates for the companions in known wide hot subdwarf binaries provides evidence of previous interaction causing spin-up. Additionally, there is a shortage of hot subdwarfs in common proper motion pairs, considering the frequency of such systems among progenitors. These results suggest that binary interaction is always required for the formation of hot subdwarfs.
Ernährungsmedizinische Aspekte beim Reizdarmsyndrom – ein Update
Authors: Hetterich Larissa , Stengel Andreas 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungErnährungsmedizinische Aspekte spielen beim Reizdarmsyndrom eine große Rolle. So berichtet die Mehrzahl der Patienten von Nahrungsmittelunverträglichkeiten als verursachenden oder verschlimmernden Faktor der Beschwerden. Obwohl sich diese nicht immer objektivieren lassen, haben diätetische Interventionen in der Therapie des Reizdarmsyndroms einen relevanten Stellenwert. Ebenso wächst die Studienlage zum Einsatz von Probiotika beim Reizdarmsyndrom an. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt ein Update zu ernährungsmedizinischen Interventionsmöglichkeiten beim Reizdarmsyndrom.
Gegensätze in Balance
Authors: Hünefeld Chloe 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIm Yoga findet sich das Äquivalent zu Parasympathikus und Sympathikus in den Hauptenergiekanälen Ida Nadi und Pingala Nadi. Ein Schwerpunkt der Yogatherapie sind gesunderhaltende Techniken, die eine gleichmütige innere Haltung fördern sollen. Im Beitrag sind mehrere Übungen vorgestellt, die auch auf den Parasympathikus wirken und bei verschiedenen Indikationen eingesetzt werden können.
Die Sympathikus-Therapie
Authors: Heesch Dieter , Oberhofer Andrea 
Published: August 2020

SummaryDie Sympathikus-Therapie geht davon aus, dass Gelenkblockierungen an der Wirbelsäule zu einer lokal begrenzten Sympathikotonie führen können. Je nach Lokalisation der Sympathikusirritation können verschiedenste chronische Beschwerden ohne eine sonst erkennbare Ursache auftreten. Die Sympathikus-Therapie bedient sich bei der Behandlung manueller Techniken und der Mikropressur, bei der ein Reflex- oder Akupunkturpunkt touchiert wird.
Polyvagal-Therapie: Verändern durch Verstehen
Authors: Schneider Jacqueline 
Published: August 2020

SummaryDie Polyvagal-Theorie von Stephen W. Porges sieht drei Akteure im Mittelpunkt des autonomen Geschehens – Sympathikus sowie ventraler und dorsaler Vagusast – und lässt sich sehr gut in therapeutische Konzepte integrieren. Für den Therapeuten gilt es, den Zustand des Patienten zwischen Entspannung, Aktion und Erstarrung zu erkennen und diesen unter anderem durch Wissensvermittlung, eigene Balance und körperliche Berührung zu regulieren. Im vorgestellten Fall lernte die Klientin, ihre übermächtigen Symptome wie Ängste, Panikattacken, Schmerzen und Ohrgeräusche mithilfe autonom wirksamer Techniken zu kontrollieren.
Wir werden gebraucht
Authors: Dollbaum-Paulsen Conny 
Published: August 2020

SummaryWie ergeht es den Heilpraktikern zu Zeiten von Corona? Was sind die momentanen Herausforderungen, aber auch Chancen? Und weshalb ist der Heilpraktikerberuf so systemrelevant wie nie zuvor? Ein Gespräch mit HP Conny Dollbaum-Paulsen vom Heilnetz.
New Dimensions of Brønsted Base Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions
Authors: Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: August 2020

Catalytic carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions of weakly acidic carbon pronucleophiles (pK
a in DMSO ≥30) were developed using strong alkaline metal Brønsted bases as catalysts. Not only weakly acidic amides, esters, nitriles, sulfonamides without any activating group, and alkyl azaarenes, but also alkyl arenes such as toluene, were applicable for the reactions, which are difficult to be applied in typical Brønsted base catalyzed reactions. Expansion to enantioselective reactions was also revealed to be possible. The reactions are atom economical and require only inexpensive alkaline metals rather than precious transition metals.1	Introduction2	Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Weakly Acidic Carbonyl and Related Pronucleophiles3	Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkyl Azaarenes4	Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkyl Arenes5	Conclusion
Prolapso de cúpula vaginal, prevalencia en mujeres en climaterio, en el Quindío, Colombia, 2007-2017
Authors: De La Hoz Franklin José Espitia 
Published: August 2020

Resumen
Objetivo establecer la prevalencia de prolapso de cúpula vaginal en mujeres del Quindío en climaterio, así como los factores asociados a su aparición.
Métodos Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal. Se evaluaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 3,576 pacientes ambulatorias, en una clínica de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Armenia (Quindío), Colombia; entre enero de 2007 y junio de 2017. Se determinó la prevalencia de prolapso de cúpula vaginal y se analizaron los datos socio-demográficos, clínicos y quirúrgicos.
Resultados La edad media en las mujeres fue de 59,7 ± 14,7 años, con predominancia de las hispánicas (58,5%). La prevalencia de prolapso de cúpula vaginal fue del 14,17%. En el subgrupo de mujeres histerectomizadas, la prevalencia fue del 21,64% en las realizadas por prolapso y del 6,34% en las hechas vía abdominal. En el análisis multivariado, los factores asociados a prolapso de cúpula vaginal fueron: 65 o más años (OR: 4,76; 1,57–20,82), IMC3 25 (OR: 8,42; 2,68–31,04), multíparas (OR: 9,03; 2,75–32.27), antecedente de cirugía vaginal (OR: 7.04; 1.96–28.49) y presencia de enfermedades pulmonares crónicas (OR: 5,31; 1,64–23,57).
Conclusión la prevalencia global de prolapso de cúpula vaginal, en las mujeres del Quindío, fue del 14,17%. En Colombia existen pocos datos registrados al respecto, pero con la información presente, se manifiesta la necesidad de elaborar efectivas estrategias de prevención, detección y manejo.
Volcanic controls on seawater sulfate over the past 120 million years
Authors: Laakso Thomas A. , Waldeck Anna , Macdonald Francis A. , Johnston David 
Published: August 2020

Significance
A geochemical model shows that discrete volcanic perturbations, coupled to long-term changes in sulfur biogeochemistry result in apparent stepwise changes in the isotopic composition of marine sulfur, similar to the patterns seen in the marine barite record of the Cenozoic and Late Mesozoic. The perturbations required to reproduce this isotope record in the model correlate with the timing and approximate size of large igneous provinces, particularly those intruding volatile-rich rock, suggesting that these events are responsible for much of the enigmatic structure in the sulfur isotope record of the last 120 My.