bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of fuzzy logic-based models for groundwater quality evaluation based on irrigation indices
Authors: Vadiati Meysam , Nalley Deasy , Adamowski Jan , Nakhaei Mohammad , Asghari-Moghaddam Asghar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGroundwater quality modelling plays an important role in water resources management decision making processes. Accordingly, models must be developed to account for the uncertainty inherent in the modelling process, from the sample measurement stage through to the data interpretation stages. Artificial intelligence models, particularly fuzzy inference systems (FIS), have been shown to be effective in groundwater quality evaluation for complex aquifers. In the current study, fuzzy set theory is applied to groundwater-quality related decision-making in an agricultural production context; the Mamdani, Sugeno, and Larsen fuzzy logic-based models (MFL, SFL, and LFL, respectively) are used to develop a series of new, generalized, rule-based fuzzy models for water quality evaluation using widely accepted irrigation indices and hydrological data from the Sarab Plain, Iran. Rather than drawing upon physiochemical groundwater quality parameters, the present research employs widely accepted agricultural indices (e.g., irrigation criteria) when developing the MFL, SFL and LFL groundwater quality models. These newly-developed models, generated significantly more consistent results than the United States Soil Laboratory (USSL) diagram, addressed the inherent uncertainty in threshold data, and were effective in assessing groundwater quality for agricultural uses. The SFL model is recommended as it outperforms both MFL and LFL in terms of accuracy when assessing groundwater quality using irrigation indices.
EFFICIENCY OF PRE-HOSPITAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE STROKE
Authors: Gorbachev V. I. , Anuryev A. M. , Petrovа I. L. , Karetnikov I. A. , Gorbachevа S. M. , Kovalevа N. T. , Shnyakin P. G. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study. To assess the quality of diagnosis cerebrovascular accident (CA) at the pre-hospital stage in patients brought to the regional vascular center. Material and methods. 2708 case histories of the emergency department and accompanying sheets of first aid in patients with a guiding diagnosis of CA and 973 medical records of impatient in the regional vascular center were analyzed. Results and conclusion. Of the 2708 patients admitted with a diagnosis of CA, 973 people were hospitalized. Among hospitalized patients, the diagnosis of stroke was confirmed in 96.5% of cases. The most frequent diseases that were mistakenly diagnosed as a stroke turned out to be: diabetes, traumatic brain injury and brain neoplasms, etc. Confirmation of the guiding diagnosis during self-circulation was 36.6%, when delivered by ambulance crews — 39.8%, air ambulance — 86.7% and by sanitary transport — 16.5% of cases.
Selecting a Suitable Remote Phosphor Configuration for Improving Color Quality of White Led
Authors: Lee Hsiao-Yi , Le Phan Xuan , Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh 
Published: December 2019

When compared with two conformal phosphor and in-cup phosphor structures, the remote phosphor structure has higher luminescent performance. However, it is difficult to control the color quality of the remote phosphor structure, so it has become a research target in recent years. So far, there are two remote phosphor structures used to improve color quality including dual-layer phosphor configuration and triple-layer phosphor configuration. This study suggests using those two configurations to make multi-chip white LEDs (WLEDs) that can achieve adequate values in color rendering index (CRI), color quality scale (CQS), luminous efficacy (LE) and color uniformity. WLEDs with a color temperature of 5600 K are applied. Research results show that the triple-layer phosphor configuration is superior in CRI, CQS, LE. Besides, the color deviation decreases significantly, meaning that the color homogeneity increases with the triple-layer phosphor configuration. This can be demonstrated by analyzing the scattering characteristics of phosphor classes through Mie theory, thus making the research results more reliable and valuable for producing quality WLEDs. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Soft Tissue Cephalometric Norms for Bihar Ethnic Population
Authors: Rahul Munka  , Vaibhav Shandilya  , Harsh Kumar  , Abhishek Sinha  
Published: December 2019

INTRODUCTION: A person's ability to recognize a beautiful face is innate, but translating this into defined treatment goals is problematic and various authors tried to relate the importance of soft-tissue esthetics with orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To derive the Soft Tissue Cephalometric norms for the normal, well-balanced and esthetically pleasing faces of the Bihar ethnic population and to compare them with pre-established norms.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: A sample of 60 subjects from an ethnic Bihar population residing in Patna, on the basis of facial symmetry, balance and pleasing appearance were observed from five sets of extra-oral photographs. Standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken with metallic markers placed on various soft-tissue structures on the face using derma tapes. All lateral cephalometric films were traced and Soft Tissue Cephalometric Analysis was done.
RESULTS: Total facial length was significantly less in males as compared to the Caucasians with 117.50±1.74 as mean value. Males had significantly less protrusive upper and lower lips in projection to TVL with a mean value of 0.77±0.77 and -3.13±0.73 respectively. Lower lip length in females was significantly decreased with a decreased lower third facial height with a mean value of 62.27±1.46. Total facial length was significantly less in females with a mean value of 115.40±1.99. Females had significantly more protrusive upper and lower lips in projection to TVL with a mean value of 1.90±0.84 and 1.93±0.74 respectively.
CONCLUSION: The established norms in present study could be used as future reference for Orthodontic treatment in Bihar ethnic population.
Current State and Development Trends of blockchain Technology in the Financial Sector
Authors: Krylov G. O. , Seleznev V. M. 
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the main reasons for the slow adoption of blockchain technology, in particular, in the financial sector. The authors critically analyzed the main declared properties of blockchain technologies: trust, security, decentralization, immutable data storage, lack of intermediaries, hardware protection against attacks, and openness. The aim of the study are to show that these blockchain properties are overestimated, the expectations of its adoption are inflated, and the delays in its adaptation outside of cryptocurrencies, in particular, in the financial sector, are natural. The article is based on a methodology for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of scientific publications and statistical sources on the blockchain adaptation from the perspective of the theory of diffusion of innovations, the conditions and the specifics of economic and sociological approaches for consensus-building. The study resulted in the following new systemic findings. Blockchain and distributed ledgers are not fundamentally new technologies. In general, they do not have the properties of the immutable data storage, trust, anonymity, low transaction and adoption costs. All current consensus technologies have fundamental faults. Cryptocurrency technology is original, but it was a private experimental solution to a specific ideological problem of the libertarian political agenda. Consensus does not provide trust. Delayed blockchain adoption, in particular in traditional financial institutions, is natural, since the technology does not show better results than current digital solutions, and traditional economic institutions have greater public trust. The practical implications of the findings are that they may be used by investors.
Comparative Analysis of ICO, DAOICO, IEO and STO. Case Study
Authors: Myalo A. S. 
Published: December 2019

The article examines the problem of the ICO (Initial Coin Offering, from English — “initial offer of coins, initial placement of coins”). The information source is the ICO rating data of the return on investment in blockchain startups. The methodological base of the research is a situational comparative analysis of the ICO, DAOICO, IEO and STO and systematization of information. The author analyzes three new ICO models. The first one includes elements of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO). Its aim is to minimize the difficulties and risks associated with the ICO. The second model (Initial Exchange Offering (IEO), from English — “primary exchange offer”) is designed to minimize risks, liquidity problems and a delay in listing tokens at the end of the token sale. The third model — the Security Token Offering (STO, from English — “offer of security token”) — was designed to support real assets and comply with the SEC requirements. These models are a new direction for small and medium enterprises and investors. The absence of any scientific work emphasizes the relevance and scientific novelty of the study. The article is a follow-up of the empirical work related to the success of the ICO, as well as the basis for its revision using the case study results.
Financial Management of Innovative Activity
Authors: Shestak V. P. , Moreva E. I. , Tyutyunnik I. G. 
Published: December 2019

Increasing investment activity is a key problem for Russia. Despite many state’s efforts, investment activity is low. The aim of the article is to propose an innovation management method based on a systems approach. The main objective of the research is to find an effective approach to optimizing state efforts to enhance financial management of innovative activity. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the enterprise closed innovation system. Economic and mathematical methods are used to represent the management function as an operator equation of the first kind. This allows to create a control algorithm to maximize the effectiveness. The methods of computational diagnostics and tomographic economics are used for the element-by-element analysis of the subsystems of the innovation system. The information base for the study was publications concerning the theory of management and business management. The possibility of applying computational diagnostic methods to optimize the financial management of innovation activity was proved by separating the controlling and controlled subsystems of the enterprise innovation system and observing all laws of production. A form of control functional was obtained on the sets of observable characteristics of the controlling and controlled subsystems while optimizing the results of innovative activity due to the feedback channel. The results of the study may be of practical interest for innovative projects in order to transfer the enterprise to innovative development, in particular, in relation to the restructuring of organizational structures and institutional support in the digital economy format.
Model Risk Analysis of Multiplier Technology Applied at Stock Valuation of Russian Companies
Authors: Minasyan V. B. , Ivko D. G. 
Published: December 2019

This work is a new direction in the authors’ previous study on applying the market multipliers in assessing the value of oil and gas companies. The work is based on the findings of statistical studies of multipliers calculated for the industry, as well as their volatility over a 12-year period — from 2006 to 2017 inclusively, as exemplified by 46 companies from nine sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the risk measures Value-at-Risk (hereinafter VaR) and Expected Shortfall (hereinafter ES) was conducted by means of volatility calculated in different ways. In particular, the multiplier volatility was introduced by V. B. Minasyan. It was established that for all nine sectors of the Russian economy, calculated with conventional stock volatility statistics (when possible), risk valuation measures VaR and ES led to lower calculated risk values compared to those calculated using multiplier volatility. The results of the study are of interest to evaluators, investors and other interested parties, as it allows to analyze the general behavior of the stock value in Russian companies and to compare the change in indicators of various economic sectors in terms of multiplier technology.
Otomatik Konuşma Tanımaya Genel Bakış, Yaklaşımlar ve Zorluklar: Türkçe Konuşma Tanımanın Gelecekteki Yolu
Authors: OYUCU Saadin , SEVER Hayri , POLAT Hüseyin 
Published: December 2019

İnsanlar
arasındaki en önemli iletişim yöntemi olan konuşmanın, bilgisayarlar tarafından
tanınması önemli bir çalışma alanıdır. Bu araştırma alanında farklı diller
temel alınarak birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürdeki çalışmalar
konuşma tanıma teknolojilerinin başarımının artmasında önemli rol oynamıştır. Bu
çalışmada konuşma tanıma ile ilgili bir literatür taraması sunulmuş ve farklı
dillerde bu araştırma alanında kaydedilen ilerlemeler tartışılmıştır. Konuşma
tanıma sistemlerinde kullanılan veri setleri, özellik çıkarma yaklaşımları,
konuşma tanıma yöntemleri ve performans değerlendirme ölçütleri incelenerek
konuşma tanımanın gelişimi ve bu alandaki zorluklara odaklanılmıştır. Konuşma
tanıma alanında son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmaların olumsuz koşullara (çevre
gürültüsü, konuşmacıda ve dilde değişkenlik) karşı çok daha güçlü yöntemler
geliştirmeye odaklandığı izlenmiştir. Bu nedenle araştırma alanı olarak
genişleyen olumsuz koşullardaki konuşma tanıma ile ilgili yakın geçmişteki
gelişmelere yönelik genel bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur. Böylelikle olumsuz
koşullar altında gerçekleştirilen konuşma tanımadaki tıkanıklık ve zorlukları
aşabilmek için kullanılabilecek yöntemleri seçmede yardımcı olunması
amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca Türkçe konuşma
tanımada kullanılan ve iyi bilinen yöntemler karşılaştırılmıştır. Türkçe konuşma
tanımanın zorluğu ve bu zorlukların üstesinden gelebilmek için kullanılabilecek
uygun yöntemler irdelenmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak da Türkçe konuşma tanımanın
gelecekteki rotasına ilişkin bir değerlendirme ortaya konulmuştur.
MoSe2 Tek Tabakasının Fe-Mn Atomları ve FeMn Nanoatom Kümesi İle Etkileşmesi
Authors: DEMİRKIRAN Ayşe 
Published: December 2019

Son
yıllarda ilginç elektriksel ve optiksel özellikler sergileyen iki boyutlu yarı
iletken malzemeler üretilmiştir. Tek tabakalı malzemelerde elektronlar farklı
davranışlar gösterirler. Elektronlar tek tabakalı malzeme arasında hareket
ettikçe, iki boyutta tutulurlar ve farklı özellikler ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Bu
kapsamda; MoSe2 (molibden diselenad) tek tabakasının optimazasyon
sonucu kararlı yapısı, Linux işletim sistemi ve quantum espresso 3.2 programı
ile elde edilip üzerinde çalışıldı. Öncelikle Mo(Molibden) ve Se(selenyum)
atomlarının bağ uzunluklarını belirleyerek, kararlı durumdaki MoSe2
tek tabakası oluşturuldu. Bunun için kinetik enerji kesilme değeri, örgü değeri
ve k nokta değerleri belirlendi. MoSe2 tek tabakanın kararlı
yapısını elde ederek bağlanma enerjisini, bağ uzunluğunu belirledik. Belirlenen
kararlı yapı üzerine Fe, Mn atomları ile FeMn atom kümesinin tutunmasının olası
konfigürasyonları üzerinde çalışıldı. Bu konfigürasyonlar içerisinde en kararlı
olan yapılar gösterildi.

Fe-Mn
atomlarının nano kümeleri katalizörlerde ve nanoelektronik alanlarındaki
uygulamalarından dolayı önemli olduğundan MoSe2 tek tabakası ile Fe,
Mn atomları ve FeMn atom kümesi arasındaki etkileşme incelendi.
Türkiye’de Soğan Üretimi, Fiyat Değişimi, Dış Ticareti ve Rekabet Gücü
Authors: GÜVENÇ İsmail 
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada Türkiye sebzeciliğinde önemli bir yere sahip olan soğanın üretimi, fiyatındaki değişim, dış ticareti ve rekabet gücü incelenmiştir. Türkiye’de 2,10 milyon ton civarında soğan (yeşil ve kuru) üretilmektedir. 2017 verilerine göre Dünya kuru soğan üretiminin % 22.23’ü Türkiye’de üretilmiştir. Son yıllarda (2016) Türkiye’nin toplam soğan ihracatı ve ithalatı sırasıyla 105 ve 20 bin ton kadardır. Soğan fiyatlarının 2005-2017 döneminde yıldan yılla artan azalan bir seyir izlediği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte 2005 yılı fiyatlarına göre 2018 yılında yeşil soğan fiyatları 2.37 kuru soğan fiyatları ise 2.61 katı artmıştır. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin soğanda rekabet gücü (karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğünün) 2012-2014 döneminde derecesi zayıf iken, 2015-2016 döneminde bir avantajının olmadığı (dezavantaj) tespit edilmiştir.
‘Multi-Vectoral’ Central Asia: On the Other Side of Major Power Agendas
Authors: Dzhuraev Emilbek 
Published: December 2019

In a period of fast-evolving international dynamics over the Central Asian region, it is important to consider the foreign policy choices and exercised agency by the governments of the five states of the region. While the projects and agendas of China, Russia, the United States and other external players over the region have understandably dominated much recent discourse, the ‘inside-out’ perspective – the Central Asian policies and stances toward international affairs and geopolitics involving them – is necessary to draw a more accurate picture of the region’s international affairs. Such a perspective would reveal the evolution and variations of the regional foreign policies of ‘multi-vectorism’ and challenges such policies face today.
Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of propolis for the control of tyramine production by food-borne pathogens
Authors: BURĞUT Aykut 
Published: December 2019

The influences of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of propolis (1%) on growth
of common Gram-negative (Salmonella Parathyphi A, Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and -positive (Listeria
monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) food-borne pathogens and their biogenic amines (BAs) production were examined in tyrosine
decarboxylase broth (TDB). The highest growth inhibitory activity was observed
against Gram-negative S. Paratyphi A
in the existence of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of propolis, with 2.49 and 1.9 log
reduction, respectively. Ethanolic extracts of propolis were more effective
than that of aqueous extract on growth
inhibition of L. monocytogenes (p&lt;0.05). Both extracts of
propolis had significant effect on reducing ammonia production by bacteria
(p&lt;0.05). Tyramine, dopamine, agmatine and spermine were major amines formed
in TDB. Tyramine production was the lowest with S. Paratyphi A (1.94 mg/L) and highest with E. faecalis (254.93 mg/L).
The existence of ethanolic propolis extracts in TDB led to
significantly fewer tyramine production by Gram-positive S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis, and Gram-negative C. jejuni (p&lt;0.05). Histamine produced
lower than 1.3 mg/L by all food-borne pathogens. Ethanolic extracts of propolis
generally led to lower histamine production by bacteria. The influence of
propolis on BAs production varied according to type of extracts, specific BAs
and bacterial strains. However, the aqueous of propolis generally showed a synergistic
effect on most of BAs mainly tyramine production by bacteria. Thus, the use of propolis ethanolic extracts appeared
to be more suitable than aqueous extract to control
tyramine production in foods.
Assessment of quality characteristics of fried zucchini slices, pre-dried with osmotic dehydration
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Şehriban Gül , KARACABEY Erkan 
Published: December 2019

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the
quality characteristics of fried zucchini slices pre-dried using osmotic dehydration
(OD) method at varying conditions (salt concentration, vacuum or ultrasound
application, time). Textural properties (hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness,
chewiness, firmness), surface color values (L*, a*, b*), moisture and oil
content of the final product were determined. Textural properties did not
change with OD applications (p&gt;0.05). Vacuum and solution concentration
applied during OD method had significant effects on surface color values
(p≤0.05). OD did not cause any significant change in final moisture and oil
content of the fried product. In case of ultrasound assisted osmotic
dehydration (US-OD), it was seen that the effect of time on moisture content
was important the solution concentration
of 5% (p≤0.05). On the other hand, changes at salt concentration have created significant
differences in both the application process (p≤0.001). When solution
concentration was 0%, effect of time was negligible to oil content (p&gt;0.05).
Notwithstanding, the solution concentration for both processing time was found
to be significant (p≤0.05).
Determination of the friction force and energy for Karacadağ local rice cultivars for different surfaces
Authors: ESGİCİ Reşat 
Published: December 2019

The friction properties of grain products are one of the important
parameters that are considered in the design of transport, transmission and
storage structures and equipment. In addition, the friction force and
coefficients on different surfaces are important in the selection of the power
supply required for such design of structures and in the calculation of their
actual dimensions. These are the common materials used for handling and
processing of grains and construction of storage and drying bins. In this
study, the static friction force and static friction energy were measured on 4
different material surfaces (rubber, chrome, galvanized sheet and PVC) and 3
different moisture contents (9.30%, 18.50% and 29.00%) for Karacadağ Beyaz and
Karacadağ Karakılçık local rice varieties. The pulling of the grain box on the
surface and the friction forces and energy were measured at a constant speed of
20 mms-1 with Llyod tester having a capacity of 2500 N. There was no significant
difference between the varieties in terms of frictional force and friction
energy (p&gt; 0.05). However, the effect of surface material and grain moisture
content was found to be very important (p &lt;0.01). As the moisture content of
the grain increased, the static friction force and friction energy values
increased. The highest values were obtained in PVC and rubber material with a
moisture content of 29.00%, the lowest value was obtained in chromium material
and 9.30% moisture content.
A NEW METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF SOFT MATERIAL THICKNESS
Authors: GULER Mustafa Tahsin , BİLİCAN İsmail 
Published: December 2019

Thickness measurement is very critical especially in fabrication of micro and nano devices to determine the thickness of the layers. Stylus measurement is the easiest and most common technique that is being employed among the other thickness measurement methods. Micro-nano fabrication processes requires the usage of both rigid and soft materials. While thickness of a rigid material can be easily detected, thickness measurement of the soft materials presents some difficulties for standard stylus thickness measurement devices. Since the soft materials are deformed by the stylus due to the applied pressure, correct thickness measurement cannot be realized. Here, PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) is used as soft material for thickness measurement. By taking the replica of the soft material with liquid plastic which becomes rigid after curing, the depth can be measured easily via conventional stylus thickness measurement devices.