bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
kajian macam dan dosis pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan ketela pohon
Authors: Witular Annisa , Hardiatmi JM Sri , Triyono Kharis 
Published: September 2020

Study the Types and Dosage of Organic Fertilizers of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The research to observe the development of cassava due to the influence of cassava based on organic fertilizer. This research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020, in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 1 treatment, namely type and dose of organic fertilizers and obtained 10 combinations treatments and each was repeated 3 times. From the research data, analysis of variance will be carried out nd then the real difference test will be countinued with the real Honestly Significant Difference test at the 5% level. In this observation observed included 8 parameters: shoot height, longest root length, number of roots, number of leaves,fresh weight of planted roots, dry weight of planted roots, fresh weight of planting buds, and dry weight of planting buds. The results showed that (1) effect of kinds and dosages of organic fertilizer the effect very apparent in the parameters of the number of planted leaves, number of planted roots, longest root length, dry weight of planted roots, fresh weight of planted shoots and dry weight of planted shoots. Significantly affected the shoot height parameters. No significant effect is found on the parameters of the fresh root weight of the crop. (2) The dosage of 1.9 kg / polybag (MD7) fertilizer application gave the best results on the dry weight of shoots, 378 grams.
Textile wastewater treatment by anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
Authors: Khan F , Waddadar M , Ahmed T 
Published: September 2020

In this study, performance of a lab-scale hybrid up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (HUASB) reactor treating textile wastewater was evaluated under several operating conditions such as i) textile wastewater mixed up with glucose as food, ii) textile wastewater seeded with sewage sludge and glucose and iii) textile wastewater only. In all cases, two days of incubation period was provided for bacterial growth. In the first case, Klebsiella was the primary Species of bacteria growing in the reactor and the removal efficiency of COD and color was 25% and 56.4% respectively. In the second case, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli were the major bacteria and removal efficiency of COD and color was found to be 38% and 65% respectively. In the last case, Pseudomonas bacterium was dominant in the reactor and removal efficiency of COD, BOD and color was 84%, 93%, and 97% respectively. Wastewater treatment without glucose favored the growth of Pseudomonas which has been found to be effective in degrading organics present in textile wastewater. For all cases, reactor performance decreased after the third or fourth cycle of treatment. However, the removal of sludge after the third cycle allowed a high degradation efficiency of organics to be maintained in the reactor. With proper bacterial growth and maintenance, the HUASB reactor can be a huge upgrade from conventional UASB and a suitable alternative to conventional processes for the treatment of textile wastewater.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 165-172, 2020
One pot synthesis of Biginelli 3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimidin-2-ones and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidines
Authors: Halim Md E , Akhter K , Ahmed SM , Hossain Md Al Amin , Romman UKR 
Published: September 2020

A simple and practical route for the Biginelli cyclocondensation reaction using anhydrous ZnCl2 as a catalyst in n-heptane-toluene medium by reaction of substituted benzaldehydes,1a-d (1a=2-ClC6H4-, 1b=2-BrC6H4- and 1c=4-ClC6H4-,1d=2-H3CC6H4-) with 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds, 2a-b (2a= ethyl acetoacetate and 2b= acetylacetone) and urea or thiourea, 3a-b to give the corresponding Biginelli 3,4-dihydro- 1H-pyrimidin-2-ones and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidines, 4a-d. The structures of the compounds 4a-d were confirmed by their ultraviolet, infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectra and elemental analyses.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 173-180, 2020
Effects of drought and flooding on beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris L.</i>) and groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea L.</i>): a comparison
Authors: Erhenhi AH 
Published: September 2020

Effects of drought and flooding on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were carried out and compared. Plant growth parameters, biomass content, chlorophyll, ash and soil metal content were studied. The result showed that bean was 21.3cm, 21.8cm and 21.1cm for control, drought and flooding while groundnut recorded 19.9cm, 102.3cm and 18.6cm for control, drought and flooding respectively. Biomass composition recorded little or no variation in fresh weight of stem in bean while groundnut varies from 4.77g – 5.05g accordingly. Leaf recorded highest value of fresh weight to be 6.44g recorded in bean cultivated in drought soil with the least recorded to be 3.61 in the control and flooded soil for groundnut plant. The result of the study showed that drought and flooding had relatively positive effects on the growth properties of bean and groundnut as both plants were able to germinate and grow under both conditions.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 189-196, 2020
Pemikiran Syaikh Nawawi Al-Bantani Tentang Ilmu dan Ulama Dalam Kitab Qami'ut Thughyan
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Wardi Moh. 
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:
Keberhasilan Syaikh Nawawi menyusun kitab syarah ini menunjukkan bahwa kemasyhuran Syaikh Nawawi sebagai ahli syarah kitab tidak terbantahkan, karena selain dari kitab qami’ut tughyan ini, banyak sekali kitab syarah lainya yang dihasilkan oleh Syaikh Nawawi. Pokok pikiran Syaikh Nawawi tentang ilmu dan ulma dalam kitab qami’ut tughyan ini antara lain: (a) pembahasan tentang landasan nas hadis tentang ilmu yang dapat memotivasi umat Islam untuk mencari ilmu sedemikian rupa; (b) pembahasan tentang niat pencari ilmu yang dibenarkan menurut syariat; (c) pembahasan tentang kewajiban menyebarkan ilmu terletak pada setiap orang yang menguasai suatu bidang ilmu; dan (d) pembahasan tentang prinsip dan ciri ulama akhirat. Pemikiran Syaikh Nawawi memiliki relevansi yang kuat dengan kondisi pendidikan saat ini, yakni dalam pembentukan karakter pendidik yang komitmen terhadap ilmunya, konsisten dalam mendidik, dan mengutamakan tujuan akhirat, sehingga dengan karakter ini, seorang pendidik akan melaksanakan pendidikan dengan baik dan menghasilkan generasi yang baik untuk kepentingan dunia dan akhirat.

Kata kunci: Syaikh Nawawi al-bantani, Ilmu, ulama, qami’ut tughyan

Abstract:
The success of Shaykh Nawawi compiling this book shows that the fame of Shaykh Nawawi as an expert in the book sharah is indisputable, because apart from this book of qami'ut tughyan, there are many other syarah books produced by Shaykh Nawawi. The main thoughts of Shaykh Nawawi about science and ulma in the book qami'ut tughyan include: (a) discussion of the foundation of the hadith scriptures on science that can motivate Muslims to seek knowledge in such a way; (b) discussion of the intention of knowledge seekers justified according to the Shari'a; (c) discussion of the obligation to spread knowledge lies in every person who controls a field of science; and (d) discussion of the principles and characteristics of the hereafter scholars. Shaykh Nawawi's thinking has strong relevance to the current state of education, namely in the formation of the character of educators who are committed to their knowledge, consistent in educating, and prioritizing the purpose of the hereafter, so that with this character, an educator will carry out education well and produce a good generation for the interests of the world and the hereafter.

Keywords: Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani, Science, ulama, qami'ut tughyan
OPTIMALISASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUALTEACHING AND LEARNING DENGAN METODE DEMONSTRASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SENI BUDAYASISWA
Authors: Aryantari Ni Gede Anom 
Published: September 2020

Penyampaian mata pelajaran Seni Budaya selama ini disampaikan secara abstrak sehingga siswa belum dapat memahami materi yang disampaikan guru dengan baik. Hal itu telah menyebabkan rendahnya prestasi belajar yang diperoleh siswa. Penerapan cara belajar aktif melalui model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) dengan Metode Demonstrasi diupayakan untuk dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa di kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 3 Banjarangkansemester I tahunpelajaran 2019/2020 yang dijadikan sebagai lokasi penelitian. Tujuannya, agar prestasi belajar yang dicapai siswa dapat ditingkatkan sesuai dengan Kriteria Ketuntasan Belajar yang diharapkan. Untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan pelaksanaan tindakan dilakukan tes prestasi belajar yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil yang diperoleh pada data awal sampai siklus II yaitu, data awal menunjukkan prestasi ketuntasan belajar mencapai 36,67%, siklus I meningkat menjadi 73,33% siklus II meningkat menjadi 96,67%. Hal itu membuktikan bahwa model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) dengan Metode Demonstrasi yang diterapkan guru dalam proses pembelajaran telah mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar Seni Budaya siswa dengan baik.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN STRATEGI SNOWBALL THROWING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA SISWA
Authors: Sukerni Ni Ketut 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dengan cara menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan metode Snowball Thowing dalam proses pembelajaran. Subjek penelitianny aadalah kelas VII B SMP Negeri 3 Banjarangkan tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Data yang dikumpulkana dalah data kuantitatif berupa hasil belajar yang dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumentes. Hasil yang diperoleh di analisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Setelah berakhir melakukan analisis data diketahui bahwa peningkatan prestasi belajar sudah dapat diupayakan. Hal tersebut terbukti dari kenaikan nilai siswa dari rata-rata awal 60,33 dengan ketuntasan belajar 30% pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 69,87 dengan ketuntasan belajar 0% dan pada siklus II sudah meningkat menjadi 82,10 dengan ketuntasan belajar100%. Data tersebut menuntut peneliti untuk membuat simpulan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan metode Snowball Thowing mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa di kelasVII Bsemester I tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 di SMP Negeri 3 Banjarangkan.
Influence of dupilumab on the economic burden of severe asthma and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Krysanov I. S. , Krysanova V. S. , Karpov O. I. , Ermakova V. Yu. 
Published: September 2020

The prevalence of comorbidity — asthma and atopic dermatitis — is not understood well yet. More severe processes decreasing quality of life and increasing a social-economic burden of disease are occurred in such kind comorbidity.Aim: an evaluation of economic burden of non-control severe asthma in combination with severe atopic dermatitis in the local conditions.Materials and methods. Analysis has been performed for adult patients; the bottom-up approach of costs evaluation was used. Direct medical and non-medical as well as indirect costs were calculated for two models: Model 1 — current practice of the treatment, Model 2 — treatment with Dupilumab. Results. Model 1 — Weighted average expenditures for one patient were 3,1 mln RUR, indirect costs were dominated (76 % from the total), severe atopic dermatitis had 15 % of total. Model 2 (with Dupilumab) — Dupilumab has decreased the total weighted average cost on 903 905 RUR. The total economic burden of comorbidity was 17,6 bln RUR in the current treatment option, and 12,4 bln RUR in Dupilumab hand (different is 5,2 bln RUR, or burden decrease is expected on 29,2 %).Conclusion. The wider introduction of Dupilumab into clinical practice, which allows achieving control in the treatment of severe asthma and severe atopic dermatitis, should reduce treatment costs and reduce the socio-economic burden of these diseases as a result.
Pharmacoeconomic comparison of insulin glargine and insulin detemir in diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Dyakov I. N. , Zyryanov S. K. 
Published: September 2020

Second generation insulin analogue — insulin glargine 300 UI/ml (GLA-300) — can provide an effective control of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with minimal risk of hypoglycemic events and prevent of cardiovascular complications or events (CVS). Pharmacoeconomic comparison of most used insulins — GLA-300 and detemir (IDet) has been based on indirect treatment comparison in DM Type 2. Materials and methods. Indirect treatment comparison was created according to published data of a real world evidence data for the treatment of DM Type 2 with GLA-300 and IDet, and common comparator — GLA-100 — has been used. Patients (%) who reached HbA1c target were indicated as an efficacy criteria. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for clinical efficacy and severe hypoglycemia’s rate comparisons for GLA-300 and IDet. Direct (cost of annual treatment, hypoglycemia correction, CVS treatment), indirect medical costs as well as indirect costs (GDP loses) were calculated for GLA-300 and IDet strategies. Sensitivity analysis has been performed for confirmation of the base scenario results. Results. GLA-300 has advantages vs IDet by efficacy and less risks of severe hypoglycemia (OR 1.27 CI 95 % 1.02; 1.58 and OR 0.72 CI 95 % 0.56; 0.88 accordingly). Probability of good control of DM Type 2 (based on target of HbA1c<7.0 %) was higher on 27 % in GLA-300. Costs of insulins, expenditures for CVS treatment and payment for temporary disability were similar for GLA-300 and IDet groups (for the one-year treatment period), in the same time in GLA-300 group the less expenditures for hypoglycemia were observed. Total expenditures were slightly less for GLA-300 on 3.7 % vs IDet.Conclusion. GLA-300 and IDet have no economic advantages between groups in total costs, but GLA-300 has tended for economic benefi ts in compare with IDet in DM Type 2.
harmacoeconomic feasibility of using the drug upadacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Lila A. M. , Zyryanov S. K. , Dyakov I. N. 
Published: September 2020

Aim. To assess the pharmacoeconomic feasibility of including the drug upadacitinib in restrictive lists and government funding programs to provide patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Materials and methods. Study Design — Retrospective Analysisof Literary Data. Pharmacoeconomic analysis methods — indirect comparison, clinical-economic analysis (cost-effectiveness analysis) using sensitivity analysis; budget impact analysis using sensitivity analysis. Data on the effectiveness of the analyzed drugs are taken from publications on clinical studies of the compared drugs; on the cost of drugs — the state register of marginal selling prices, data of the manufacturer’s company.Results. According to the results of indirect comparison, with respect to the frequency of achievement of the DAS28 test (CRP) <2.6, the effectiveness of the preparations tofacitinib and baricitinib does not significantly differ — OR = 1.275 (0.842; 1.931). At the same time, the preparation upadacitinib allows to achieve this indicator reliably more effective than the baricitinib — OR = 1.529 (1.021; 2.292) and tofacitinib — OR = 1.95 (1.285; 2.960). Costs for the use of upadacitinib against the background of methotrexate for 52 weeks will amount to 654 983.88 rubles, and will require 4.7 % less costs than the use of tofacitinib or baricitinib against the background of the use of methotrexate (687 217.53 rubles). In an indirect comparison of upadacitinib-baricitinib through the general comparator adalimumab, the effectiveness of upadacitinib with respect to the frequency of achievement of DAS28-CRP <2.6 turned out to be higher than baricitinib per 32.3 %. With indirect comparison of upadacitinib-tofacitinib under the same conditions, the efficiency of upadacitinib is 57.7 % higher than that of tofacitinib. Analysis of the impact on the budget showed that with the inclusion of the drug upadacitinib in the lists of VED and ONLS and a gradual increase in the proportion of patients, receiving upadacitinib instead of tofacitinib and baricitinib in the 1st year before 15 %, in the 2nd year — 30 %, in the 3rd year — 45 % for the group of 2.318 patients for 3 years, the reduction in the budget burden will be 1.4 % or 62.8 million rubles. With the provision of upadacitinib, 100 % of patients from the first year, the budget burden for 3 years will decrease by 4.7 % or 213.1 million rubles in comparison with the current regime.Conclusion. tte drug upadacitinib at a lower course cost has greater effectiveness in achieving clinical remission according to the indicator DAS28-CRP (<2.6), and therefore its use in the conditions of the healthcare system of the Russian Federation for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is pharmacoeconomic and expedient.
The value of information service for the rational use of nootropics in preferential drug provision
Authors: Eliseeva E. V. , Maneeva E. S. , Gribova V. V. , Okun D. B. 
Published: September 2020

The rational prescription of medicines with preferential drugs provision, including nootropics, which are widely used in patients receiving pharmacotherapy under the «Program for Providing Certain Categories of Citizens with Necessary Drugs», is possible only if modern evidence is available.Aim. Conduct information content of the «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for relevant in preferential drugs provision: cerebrolysin there is no international non-proprietary name; piracetam; livestock cortex polypeptides; citicoline and create recommendations on the use of nootropics.Materials and methods. Search and analysis of the results of clinical trials, systematic Reviews and meta-analysis was carried out in the international databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration, followed by entering into the electronic resource «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for nootropics.Results. Nootropics have a positive effect mainly on the studied «surrogate» outcomes (improving the clinical condition of patients), without significantly affecting clinical outcomes (reducing the number of adverse outcomes and mortality) in severe neurological pathology.Conclusion.Service «Database of Clinical Trials of Drugs» for use by healthcare professionals and recommendations on the use of nootropics can apply for rational drugs prescription in preferential drugs provision.
Reconstruction de l’Eglise catholique, restitution du pouvoir du souverain : le clergé dans la monarchie composite des Habsbourg au xviie siècle
Authors: Ducreux Marie-Élizabeth 
Published: September 2020

Le clergé catholique peut-il être considéré comme une catégorie sociale, politique, et même pastorale reconstruite dans certaines circonstances historiques et historiographiques, en dehors de sa définition ecclésiologique ? Les clercs sont-ils un corps ou un groupe social, dont une identité surplombante viendrait effacer les différences de situation et de contraintes. Cet article suit cette piste dans le cadre de la monarchie composite des Habsbourg d’Europe centrale au xviie siècle. Il propose de tenir compte des échelles d’interactions et de conflits entre les acteurs et les structures et appelle l’attention sur les effets de la double appartenance de clergé à l’Eglise catholique et à un corps politique local. Dans chaque pays composant alors cette monarchie se pose la question de l’existence d’une catégorie, qui est aussi frontière, constitutionnelle ou statutaire, volontiers perçue comme stable par les historiens et les juristes : celle de la représentation politique du clergé comme corps. À la fin du xve ou au début du xvie siècle, tous les pays sur lesquels la branche cadette des Habsbourg allait se trouver régner à partir de 1526 possédaient leur propre diète avec une histoire propre, des dynamiques et des particularités. Les pratiques et les règles différent, ce clergé d’une monarchie composite est donc pris ici comme un objet transversal indissociablement lié aux cadres locaux dans lesquels ses membres inscrivaient leurs possibilités d’action.
Privilège frontalier et exercice corporatif, les métiers parisiens aux xviie et xviiie siècles
Authors: Marraud Mathieu 
Published: September 2020

L'effectivité du privilège d'Ancien Régime, surtout lorsque celui-ci portait sur l'économie, est souvent postulée par l'historiographie. Or, les contextes de son utilisation s'avéraient être souvent judiciaires, policiers, et le privilège des corporations est loin de faire exception : nombreux étaient ceux qui peinaient à être activés en raison de contestations, quasi permanentes, qui faisaient le cœur et la viabilité même du corporatisme. C'est pourquoi il faut s'interroger sur leur application, et, sans renoncer à l'idée qu'ils étaient dotés d'effets, accepter de les déporter vers leurs propres marges, leurs frontières. Là les privilèges s'opposaient aux autres métiers ainsi exclus de tel secteur de vente ou de fabrication. Plus qu'ils donnaient lieu à l'exécution de normes et de qualités, sur un ensemble fini de marchandises ou de postures commerciales, alors, les privilèges des métiers avaient principalement pour but d'interdire envers autrui les mêmes normes et qualités, les mêmes marchandises et postures, et d'indéterminer celles qu'il s'autorisait. Aussi faut-il voir cette frontière comme le lieu d'un vrai rapport social, où les identités professionnelles et les parcours individuels étaient continuellement mis en jeu, et où, notamment, la frontière entre catégories marchandes/artisanales était sans cesse mouvante.
Kleinschalige productieruimte behouden in de stad: de casus van Brusselse bouwbedrijven (1965-2016)
Authors: Boeck Sarah De , Degraeve Matthijs , Vandyck Frederik 
Published: September 2020

Terwijl productieve activiteiten hoog op de academische en politieke agenda staan van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (BHG), verdwijnt kleinschalige productieruimte nog steeds aan een snel tempo. Aan de hand van een combinatie van kwantitatieve en kwalitatieve data schetst dit artikel een historisch vergelijkend perspectief op de ruimtelijke organisatie van kleine en middelgrote bouwbedrijven in het BHG. Hieruit blijkt dat bouwbedrijven zowel in 1965 als in 2016 een verspreid distributiepatroon hebben over de bebouwde oppervlakte van het gewest, dat ze de bebouwde uitbreidingen van het gewest volgen en dat ze een sterke padafhankelijkheid kennen. De geïnterviewde ondernemers, vooral werkzaam in renovatie, zijn lokaal verankerd en werken voornamelijk met lokale klanten, werknemers en leveranciers. Hoewel de centrale ligging en lokale verankering van bouwbedrijven een belangrijke meerwaarde heeft voor het BHG staat hun aanwezigheid onder druk en zijn ze door hun kleinschalige organisatie vaak onzichtbaar voor overheden. Om kleinschalige bedrijvigheid zoals de bouwsector in de stad te blijven garanderen, pleit dit artikel voor een ruimtelijk beleid dat voorziet in betaalbare en centraal gelegen productieruimte.