bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a new in vitro Sun Protection Factor method to include a wide range of sunscreen product emulsion types
Authors: Pissavini M. , Tricaud C. , Wiener G. , Lauer A. , Contier M. , Kolbe L. , Trullás Cabanas C. , Boyer F. , Meredith E. , de Lapuente J , Dietrich E. , Matts P.J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn 2017, Cosmetics Europe performed a double‐blinded ring test of 24 emulsion‐type sunscreen products, across 3 in vivo test laboratories and 3 in vitro test laboratories, using a new candidate in vitro SPF test method. Based on the results of this work, an article was published showing how data derived from a new lead candidate method conform to new International Standards (ISO) acceptance criteria for alternative SPF test methods (Any alternative method should consider the matrix effect and if required, specify the matrix applicability of the method; Criterion 1a: Systematic differences between methods should be negligible: 95% of all individual results of an alternative method are within the range of ±2× reproducibility standard deviation of the in vivo method, that is overall bias must be below 0.5× reproducibility standard deviation of the in vivo method; Criterion 1b: Measurement uncertainty of an alternative method should be below the measurement uncertainty of the in vivo method. Candidate method predicted values must fall within the full ‘funnel’ (SPF 6‐50+) limits proposed by Cosmetics Europe (derived from the same minimum test design, that is using the ISO24444 Method to measure at least 24 products across at least 3 laboratories using at least 5 test subjects/laboratory, in a blinded fashion).). Of the 24 sunscreen products tested, the majority of emulsions were of the oil‐in‐water (O/W) type, whereas only one was water‐in‐oil (W/O) and there were no products with a mineral‐only sun filter system. In order to confirm the scope of this method, therefore, a new study was conducted that included 73 W/O (12 mineral + organic, 44 mineral only and 17 organic only) and 3 O/W mineral‐only, emulsion‐type sunscreen products (a total of 76 new sunscreen products). When combined with the previous 24 products (tested in 3 different laboratories), this yielded a new data set comprising a total of 100 emulsion‐type sunscreen products, with SPF values ranging from 6 to 50+ (with a total of 148 data points). These products were tested using the double‐plate in vitro SPF test method and compared with the ISO TC217/WG7 acceptance criteria for alternative SPF test methods. Over 95% of paired in vitro: in vivo SPF values lay within the upper and lower limits of the ISO acceptance criteria funnel, with no bias. This new in vitro SPF test method, therefore, meets the minimum requirements for an alternative SPF test method to ISO24444:2010, for emulsion‐type sunscreen products (which make up the majority of marketed sunscreen products).
HLA‐specific memory B‐cell detection in kidney transplantation: Insights and future challenges
Authors: Wehmeier Caroline , Karahan Gonca E. , Heidt Sebastiaan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHumoral alloimmunity mediated by anti‐human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies is a major challenge in kidney transplantation and impairs the longevity of the transplanted organ. The immunological risk of an individual patient is currently mainly assessed by detection of HLA antibodies in the serum, which are produced by long‐lived bone marrow‐residing plasma cells. However, humoral alloimmunity is complex, and alloreactive memory B cells constitute an additional factor in the interplay of immune cells. These recirculating “silent” cells are responsible for the immunological recall response by differentiating into antibody‐producing cells upon antigen re‐encounter. Historically, due to the lack of appropriate and routinely applicable assays to determine the presence and HLA specificity of alloreactive memory B cells, their contribution to the humoral alloimmune response has clinically often been suspected but could not be determined. In this review, we give an overview of recent advances in techniques to detect alloreactive memory B cells and discuss their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we summarize experiences with these techniques in alloimmunized individuals and transplant recipients, thereby emphasizing unmet needs to be addressed in future studies.
Effect of ICD implantation on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiac amyloidosis: A systematic review and meta‐anaylsis
Authors: Halawa Ahmad , Woldu Henok G. , Kacey Kristina Gifft , Alpert Martin A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionCardiac amyloidosis is associated with a high rate of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Whether implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) use in such patients prevents SCD is uncertain. This study assesses outcomes of ICD use in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis of data were performed after searching multiple databases and scientific sites pertaining to ICD use and cardiac amyloidosis. Of 8260 citations identified, six studies comprising 194 patients met inclusion criteria.ResultsMean values and frequencies of patient characteristics were as follows: mean NT‐proBNP: 6867.9 pg/mL, mean left ventricular ejection fraction: 48.1%, heart failure: 67%, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia: 51%, syncope: 21%, and secondary prevention: 33%. During the mean follow‐up period of 18.21 months, 18% of patients received appropriate ICD treatment and 5% received inappropriate ICD treatment. The mortality rate was 31%. Two studies assessed the difference between patients with appropriate ICD treatment and patients with absence of appropriate ICD treatment. There was no difference between the two groups when stratified on multiple selected third variables except for two subgroups. Male gender was associated with a higher rate of appropriate ICD treatment, whereas New York Heart Association class III or IV heart failure patients was associated with a lower rate of appropriate ICD treatment.ConclusionThe frequency of appropriate ICD treatment in cardiac amyloidosis is low and is not predicted by nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Male gender is associated with appropriate ICD treatment. New York Heart Association class III or IV heart failure is associated with lower rate of appropriate ICD treatment.
Hepatitis B virus‐induced hyperactivation of B cells in chronic hepatitis B patients via TLR4
Authors: Li Yang , Yin Shengxia , Chen Yuxin , Zhang Quan , Huang Rui , Jia Bei , Jie Wei , Yao Kefang , Wang Jian , Tong Xin , Liu Yong , Wu Chao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractB cell hyperactivation and functional impairment were identified from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for B cell hyperactivation during HBV infection. Peripheral CD19+ B cells isolated from 4 CHB patients and 4 healthy volunteers were analysed by RNA sequencing. A total of 1401 differentially expressed genes were identified from B cell transcriptome of CHB patients vs healthy volunteers. We found that B cells from CHB patients were functional impaired, with increased TLR4 expression, activated NF‐κB pathway and altered mitochondrial function. The expression of B cell activation‐related genes, including TLR4, was further validated using additional clinical samples. To further verify the role of TLR4 in B cell activation during CHB, B cell phenotypes were determined in wild‐type (WT) and TLR4−/− HBV‐carrier mice. Hyperactivated B cell and TLR4 signalling pathway were observed in WT HBV‐carrier mice, while TLR4 ablation failed to induce B cell hyperactivation, and downstream MyD88 and NF‐κB were also not altered. Taken together, TLR4 pathway plays a pivotal role in B cell hyperactivation during CHB, which might serve as a promising target for B cell function restoration.
Prostate‐specific membrane antigen expression in the vasculature of primary lung carcinomas associates with faster metastatic dissemination to the brain
Authors: Tanjore Ramanathan Jayendrakishore , Lehtipuro Suvi , Sihto Harri , Tóvári József , Reiniger Lilla , Téglási Vanda , Moldvay Judit , Nykter Matti , Haapasalo Hannu , Le Joncour Vadim , Laakkonen Pirjo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGlioblastomas and brain metastases (BM) of solid tumours are the most common central nervous system neoplasms associated with very unfavourable prognosis. In this study, we report the association of prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) with various clinical parameters in a large cohort of primary and secondary brain tumours. A tissue microarray containing 371 cases of ascending grades of gliomas pertaining to astrocytic origin and samples of 52 cases of primary lung carcinomas with matching BM with follow‐up time accounting to 10.4 years was evaluated for PSMA expression using immunohistochemistry. In addition, PSMA expression was studied in BM arising from melanomas and breast carcinomas. Neovascular expression of PSMA was evident alongside with high expression in the proliferating microvasculature of glioblastomas when compared to the tumour cell expression. This result correlated with the results obtained from the in silico (cancer genome databases) analyses. In gliomas, only the vascular expression of PSMA associated with poor overall survival but not the tumour cell expression. In the matched primary lung cancers and their BM (n = 52), vascular PSMA expression in primary tumours associated with significantly accelerated metastatic dissemination to the brain with a tendency towards poor overall survival. Taken together, we report that the vascular expression of PSMA in the primary and secondary brain tumours globally associates with the malignant progression and poor outcome of the patients.
ATPR triggers acute myeloid leukaemia cells differentiation and cycle arrest via the RARα/LDHB/ERK‐glycolysis signalling axis
Authors: Du Yan , Zhang Mei‐ju , Li Lan‐lan , Xu Xiao‐Lin , Chen Hao , Feng Yu‐bin , Li Yan , Peng Xiao‐qin , Chen Fei‐hu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remains a therapeutic challenge and improvements in chemotherapy are needed. 4‐Amino‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐phenyl retinate (ATPR), a novel all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) derivative designed and synthesized by our team, has been proven to show superior anticancer effect compared with ATRA on various cancers. However, its potential effect on AML remains largely unknown. Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) is the key glycolytic enzyme that catalyses the interconversion between pyruvate and lactate. Currently, little is known about the role of LDHB in AML. In this study, we found that ATPR showed antileukaemic effects with RARα dependent in AML cells. LDHB was aberrantly overexpressed in human AML peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and AML cell lines. A lentiviral vector expressing LDHB‐targeting shRNA was constructed to generate a stable AML cells with low expression of LDHB. The effect of LDHB knockdown on differentiation and cycle arrest of AML cells was assessed in vitro and vivo, including involvement of Raf/MEK/ERK signalling. Finally, these data suggested that ATPR showed antileukaemic effects by RARα/LDHB/ ERK‐glycolysis signalling axis. Further studies should focus on the underlying leukaemia‐promoting mechanisms and investigate LDHB as a therapeutic target.
Tooth survival and clinical outcomes up to 26 years after guided tissue regeneration therapy in deep intra‐bony defects: Follow‐up investigation of three randomized clinical trials
Authors: Cieplik Fabian , Ihlenfeld Insa , Hiller Karl‐Anton , Pummer Andreas , Schmalz Gottfried , Buchalla Wolfgang , Christgau Michael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate tooth survival and clinical long‐term outcomes up to 26 years following guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy in deep intra‐bony defects.MethodsPatients from three prospective clinical split‐mouth studies, which investigated the outcomes of GTR therapy, were re‐evaluated 21–26 years after surgery independent of the membrane type used, and tooth survival was assessed according to several site‐specific and patient‐related factors.ResultsAbout 50 patients contributing 102 defects were available for this long‐term follow‐up. After up to 26 years (median 23.3 years), 52.9% of the teeth were still in situ. The median survival of the extracted teeth was 13.8 years. Patients with diabetes mellitus and/or smoking history lost significantly more teeth in the long term. Compared to the 1‐year situation, there was no new median CAL loss after up to 26 years in the teeth which were still in situ.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, our data show that more than 50% of the initially seriously diseased teeth were still in situ up to 26 years following GTR therapy despite an overall limited adherence to SPT. In the majority of these teeth, the CAL gain 1 year after GTR could be maintained over this long period.
Efficacy of an anhydrous stannous fluoride toothpaste for relief of dentine hypersensitivity: A randomized clinical study
Authors: Tao Danying , Ling Martin R. , Feng Xi‐ping , Gallob John , Souverain Audrey , Yang Wenjie , Alavi Anousheh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo compare efficacy of an anhydrous 0.454% w/w stannous fluoride/sodium fluoride toothpaste (Test) versus a sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste (Negative control) and a stannous chloride/sodium fluoride toothpaste (Positive control) for dentine hypersensitivity relief after 8 weeks’ twice‐daily use.Materials and MethodsIn this randomized, examiner‐blind, stratified, parallel study, primary and secondary efficacy variables were mean changes in Schiff score (evaporative [air] sensitivity) and tactile threshold (Yeaple probe), respectively, from baseline to Week 8 between Test (n = 62) and Negative control (n = 62). Test and Positive control (n = 61) comparisons were exploratory objectives.ResultsAll groups significantly improved from baseline on both dentine hypersensitivity measures (p < .0001). Difference between adjusted mean changes from baseline in Schiff sensitivity scores at Week 8 for Test versus Negative control groups was 0.19 (95% CI 0.002, 0.374), in favour of the Negative control (p = .0476; 12.57% difference). Difference in tactile threshold was −7.20 g (95% CI −16.376, 1.975), and this was not statistically significant (p = .3715; −21.83% difference). Test group showed no significant difference versus Positive control for either measure. Toothpastes were generally well tolerated.ConclusionWhile twice‐daily use of Test toothpaste significantly reduced dentine hypersensitivity from baseline, there was no significant advantage over negative or positive controls. Study registration: Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT03310268.
Effect of pelvic floor muscle training program in reducing postpartum levator hiatus area in Japanese women: A prospective cohort study using three‐dimensional ultrasonography
Authors: Takaoka Satoko , Kobayashi Yasue , Taniguchi Tamami 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the effect of a pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) program on postpartum levator hiatus area.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted at a clinic in Japan. Training and control groups were recruited from outpatient pregnant women at two separate time periods. Only the training group underwent the PFMT program, including education for home PFMT, home PFMT, and follow‐up instructions. Education for home PFMT was held by 1 month postpartum to acquire the correct contraction of the pelvic floor muscle. Home PFMT was prescribed between 1 and 5 months postpartum; during this period, follow‐up instructions were provided to keep the women motivated. Before and after home PFMT, the levator hiatus area was measured using ultrasonography.ResultsIn total, 44 women in the training group and 45 in the control group were analyzed. There were 36 women who reached a high adherence to three daily sets of home PFMT. The reduction in the levator hiatus area at rest was not statistically higher in the training group than that in the control group. For the subgroup with high adherence, the reduction in the area at rest was significantly higher by 4.43% in the training group than that in the control group (19.90% vs. 15.49%).ConclusionsAlthough the PFMT program did not significantly reduce the postpartum levator hiatus area at rest, performing at least three sets of home PFMT each day significantly reduced the levator hiatus area by 4.43%.Clinical trial registrationUMIN Clinical Trials Registry (ID; UMIN 000026188, Date; 17 February 2017).
Hydration Choices, Sugary Beverages, and Kidney Injury in Agricultural Workers in California
Authors: Moyce Sally , Mitchell Diane , Vega Alondra , Schenker Marc 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeAgricultural workers working in high ambient temperatures are at risk for acute kidney injury. Despite recommendations to maintain hydration, workers likely do not drink enough to protect their renal function. Additionally, new research suggests that rehydration with sugary beverages adds additional risk to kidneys already stressed by high heat and workload. We assessed hydration choices during a work shift and tested associations of rehydration using sugary beverages with acute kidney injury.MethodsWe recruited a convenience sample of workers on farms over two summers. We estimated acute kidney injury via pre‐ and post‐shift serum creatinine readings from capillary blood samples. We used self‐reported measures of the volume and type of fluids workers consumed during their shifts. We also measured changes in core body temperature, ambient temperature, and workload. We used logistic regression to estimate associations of sugary drinks with acute kidney injury, while controlling for physiologic and occupational variables.FindingsIn our sample of 445 participants, we found that men drink more than women do overall, including more than a liter of water than women (2.9 L compared to 1.9 L, respectively). The total volume workers drank was associated with increased odds of acute kidney injury (adjusted odds ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.99). We found no association of sugary drinks with acute kidney injury.ConclusionsThese findings provide important information about what men and women use to hydrate during the work day and suggest that they do not drink enough to maintain adequate hydration. Increased fluid intake during the work day may be a result of vigorous workload, which could explain the increased risk for acute kidney injury. Nurses play an important role in educating agricultural workers about the importance of maintaining hydration at work.Clinical RelevanceThis study advances current knowledge of occupational risk factors for acute kidney injury in agricultural workers. Nurses may be the only point of care for this vulnerable population and are therefore in a unique position to educate on the importance of proper hydration during work.
Predicting labor induction success by cervical funneling in uncomplicated pregnancies
Authors: Kim Yoo‐Na , Kwon Ja Young , Kim Eui Hyeok 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimPredictive accuracy of cervical funneling for successful vaginal delivery prior to labor induction was compared to that of conventional methods such as Bishop score and cervical length.MethodsProspective observational study was conducted on nulliparous women at 38 gestational weeks or more with intact membranes who delivered vaginally following labor induction. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed prior to labor induction to evaluate the cervix, to determine the cervical length and to check for the presence of funneling. Following pelvic examinations, the Bishop score was calculated. Predictive accuracy of the three different methods, namely cervical funneling, cervical length and Bishop, were compared.ResultsA total of 235 nulliparous women with intact membranes were recruited. Of these, 194 women (82.6%) had successful vaginal deliveries following induction. Cervical funneling was observed in 105 women (44.7%). The rate of successful vaginal delivery was significantly higher in women with cervical funneling than in those without funneling (90.5% vs 76.2%, P < 0.004). Multivariable analysis showed that cervical funneling, similar to traditional measures such as the Bishop score and cervical length, was an independent predictor of successful vaginal delivery following labor induction (odds ratio = 2.95; 95% confidence interval: 1.38–6.47; P = 0.007).ConclusionsSimilar to the conventional methods of cervical evaluation, such as the Bishop score and cervical length, cervical funneling may serve as a useful and valid predictor of successful vaginal deliveries prior to labor induction.
Sex‐Specific Differences in Life Span Brain Volumes in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Jakimovski Dejan , Zivadinov Robert , Bergsland Niels , Ramasamy Deepa P. , Hagemeier Jesper , Weinstock‐Guttman Bianca , Kolb Channa , Hojnacki David , Dwyer Michael G. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSENumerous sex‐specific differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility, disease manifestation, disability progression, inflammation, and neurodegeneration have been previously reported. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown structural differences between female and male MS brain volumes. To determine sex‐specific global and tissue‐specific brain volume throughout the MS life span in a real‐world large MRI database.METHODSA total of 2,199 MS patients (female/male ratio of 1,651/548) underwent structural MRI imaging on either a 1.5‐T or 3‐T scanner. Global and tissue‐specific volumes of whole brain (WBV), white matter, and gray matter (GMV) were determined by utilizing Structural Image Evaluation using Normalisation of Atrophy Cross‐sectional (SIENAX). Lateral ventricular volume (LVV) was determined with the Neurological Software Tool for REliable Atrophy Measurement (NeuroSTREAM). General linear models investigated sex and age interactions, and post hoc comparative sex analyses were performed.RESULTSDespite being age‐matched with female MS patents, a greater proportion of male MS patients were diagnosed with progressive MS and had lower normalized WBV (P < .001), GMV (P < .001), and greater LVV (P < .001). In addition to significant stand‐alone main effects, an interaction between sex and age had an additional effect on the LVV (F‐statistics = 4.53, P = .033) and GMV (F‐statistics = 4.59, P = .032). The sex and age interaction was retained in both models of LVV (F‐statistics = 3.31, P = .069) and GMV (F‐statistics = 6.1, P = .003) when disease subtype and disease‐modifying treatment (DMT) were also included. Although male MS patients presented with significantly greater LVV and lower GMV during the early and midlife period when compared to their female counterparts (P < .001 for LVV and P < .019 for GMV), these differences were nullified in 60+ years old patients. Similar findings were seen within a subanalysis of MS patients that were not on any DMT at the time of enrollment.CONCLUSIONThere are sex‐specific differences in the LVV and GMV over the MS life span.