bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Going to Extremes: Installing the World’s Highest Weather Stations on Mount Everest
Authors: Matthews T. , Perry L. B. , Koch I. , Aryal D. , Khadka A. , Shrestha D. , Abernathy K. , Elmore A. C. , Seimon A. , Tait A. , Elvin S. , Tuladhar S. , Baidya S. K. , Potocki M. , Birkel S. D. , Kang S. , Sherpa T. C. , Gajurel A. , Mayewski P. A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As the highest mountain on Earth, Mount Everest is an iconic peak that offers an unrivalled natural platform for measuring ongoing climate change across the full elevation range of Asia’s water towers. However, Everest’s extreme environment challenges data collection, particularly on the mountain’s upper slopes, where glaciers accumulate mass and mountaineers are most exposed. Weather stations have operated on Everest before, including the world’s previous highest, but coverage has been sparse in space and time. Here we describe the installation of a network of five automatic weather stations (AWSs), including the two highest stations on Earth (8,430 and 7,945 m MSL) which greatly improves monitoring of this iconic mountain. We highlight sample applications of the new data, including an initial assessment of surface energy fluxes at Camp II (6,464 m MSL) and the South Col (7,945 m MSL), which suggest melt occurs at both sites, despite persistently below-freezing air temperatures. This analysis indicates that melt may even be possible at the 8,850 m MSL summit, and prompts a reevaluation of empirical temperature index models used to simulate glacier melt in the Himalayas that focus only on air temperature. We also provide the first evaluation of numerical weather forecasts at almost 8,000 m MSL and use of model output statistics to reduce forecast error, showcasing an important opportunity to improve climber safety on Everest. Looking forward, we emphasize the considerable potential of these freely available data for understanding weather and climate in the Himalayas and beyond, including tracking the behavior of upper-atmosphere winds, which the AWS network is uniquely positioned to monitor.
Transoral Endoscopic Vestibular Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Excision
Authors: Ryan Marisa A. , Russell Jonathon O. , Schoo Desi P. , Upchurch Patrick A. , Walsh Jonathan M. 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are relatively common congenital midline neck masses that are treated with surgical excision. Traditionally these are removed along with any associated tract and the central portion of the hyoid bone through an anterior neck incision. Some patients with TGDCs want to avoid an external neck scar. Methods: We describe the details of a transoral endoscopic vestibular excision of a TGDC and the associated hyoid bone in an adolescent patient. Results: This novel approach was successful and there were no complications. Conclusion: We propose that cervical TGDCs can be safely and completely removed with this approach in appropriately selected patients while avoiding a neck scar.
Views of patient relatives and health professionals about the reasons of the patients enrolled in the community mental health center to discontinue or irregularly continue the center
Authors: Guvenc Nur Ceren , Oner Hatice 
Published: June 2020

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the views of patient relatives and health professionals about the reasons of patients enrolled in the community mental health center to discontinue or irregularly continue the center. Methods: This study is qualitative and phenomenological. The study group consisted of 17 patient relatives and eight health professionals according to the maximum variation sampling method. In the study, the data were collected using the personal information form in semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed with the descriptive (thematic) method in the MAXQDA 2018 package program. Results: In line with the research findings, themes and codes were determined based on the statements of patient relatives and health professionals. For patient relatives, the themes were determined as disease symptoms, disease effect/coping difficulties, misbeliefs-fears, problems about the center, and social and economic causes. For health professionals, the themes were determined as reasons for not coming to the community mental health center, problems related to center health professionals, level/severity of the disease and treatment compliance, socio-economic conditions and problems experienced by health professionals. Conclusion: It can be said that the views of patient relatives and health professionals about the discontinuity of patients to the center were similar. It was seen that the problems regarding factors such as disease severity, disease effects, knowledge and beliefs of the family, stigma, functionality and promotion of the center were effective in patient’s continuity to the center. In line with the research findings, it was recommended to improve the quality of the activities in the center to increase the number of patients enrolled in the community mental health center and their continuity, develop training programs that also involve health professionals to increase the quality of service, and increase the cooperation with patient relatives.
Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19
Authors: Verma Shankey , Mishra Aditi 
Published: June 2020

Background: The severe outbreak of COVID-19 has affected the mental health of Indians. Aim: The objective of this article was to find the prevalence rates of depression, anxiety and stress and their socio-demographic correlates among Indian population during the lockdown to contain the spread of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 354 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a 21-item self-reported questionnaire. Results: In total, 25%, 28% and 11.6% of the participants were moderate to extremely severely depressed, anxious and stressed, respectively. Binary logistic regressions indicated employment status (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.072–3.418) and binge drinking (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.045–3.945) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms; gender (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.317–3.589), employment status (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.002–3.141) and binge drinking (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.361–5.048) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms; and binge drinking (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 1.544–7.583) was significantly associated with stress symptoms. Conclusion: Depression, anxiety and stress among Indian population during the lockdown were prevalent. Along with other measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, mental health of citizens needs the urgent attention of the Indian government and mental health experts. Further large-scale studies should be conducted on different professions and communities such as health care professionals and migrant workers and incorporate other mental health indicators.
Macroscopic and histologic evaluation of cartilage regeneration treated using xenogenic biodegradable porous sponge cartilage scaffold composite supplemented with allogenic adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and secretome: An in vivo experimental study
Authors: Widhiyanto Lukas , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Perbowo Adrianto Prasetyo , Hernugrahanto Kukuh Dwiputra ,   Purwati
Published: June 2020

Introduction Articular cartilage is an avascular, alymphatic, and anisotropic tissue, these characteristics cause significant healing problems to injuries to the cartilage tissue. To overcome this problem, various techniques have been developed and widely used, but the cost-effectiveness and resulting tissue regeneration have never achieved hyaline-like cartilage that has the best biomechanical properties. The idea of this experiment is to use a Biodegradable Porous Sponge Cartilage (BPSC) Scaffold to enhance the regeneration of hyaline-like cartilage combined with microfracture technique and Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) or secretome on an animal model. Methods A model defect was made on the femoral trochlea of a New Zealand white rabbit. Four groups were made to compare different treatment methods for osteochondral defects. The groups were: (1) Control group; (2) Scaffold Group; (3) Scaffold + ASCs Group; (4) Scaffold + Secretome Group. After 12 weeks, we terminate the animal models, then a macroscopic evaluation using the International Cartilage Research Society (ICRS) scoring system and Oswestry Arthroscopy Score (OAS) was done, followed by sectioning the specimen for microscopic evaluation using the O’Driscoll scoring system. Results The mean score for all treatment group were better compared to the control group grossly and histologically. The best mean score for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation was the group given Scaffold + ASCs. Conclusion The application of BPSC scaffold enhances cartilage regeneration in larger osteochondral defects. Furthermore, the addition of ASCs or secretome along with the scaffold implantation further enhances the cartilage regeneration, in which ASCs shows better results.
Home language and societal language skills in second-generation bilingual adults
Authors: Giguere David , Hoff Erika 
Published: June 2020

Aims: Research aims were (a) to test competing predictions regarding the levels of heritage and societal language proficiency among young adults who experienced early exposure to both languages, and (b) to identify sources of individual differences in degree of bilingualism. Design/methodology/approach: Participants comprised 65 Spanish–English bilinguals who reported using both languages on a weekly basis, 25 native English monolinguals, and 25 native Spanish monolinguals. Language and literacy skills were assessed with a battery of standardized and research-based assessments. Degree of bilingualism was calculated for the bilingual participants. Data and analysis: Paired sample t-tests compared the bilinguals’ skills in English to their skills in Spanish. Hierarchical regression evaluated factors related to their degree of bilingualism. Independent sample t-tests compared bilinguals’ single-language skills to monolinguals. Findings/conclusions: The bilinguals’ English skills were stronger than their Spanish skills on every measure. Thus, degree of bilingualism was largely a function of level of Spanish skill and was associated with concurrent Spanish exposure. Bilinguals’ English skills were not different from the monolinguals except in speed of lexical access. The bilinguals’ Spanish skills were significantly lower than the Spanish monolinguals on every measure except in accuracy judgments for grammatically correct sentences. Originality: Previous studies of bilingual adults have focused on sequential bilinguals and previous studies of heritage language speakers have focused on their grammatical skills. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to assess a wide range of functionally relevant skills in adults with early exposure to a heritage and societal language. Significance/implications: These findings demonstrate that early exposure to and continued use of a home language does not interfere with the achievement of societal language and literacy skills, while also demonstrating that even a widely and frequently used home language may not be acquired to the same skill level as a societal language used in school.
How patient-generated health data and patient-reported outcomes affect patient–clinician relationships: A systematic review
Authors: Lordon Ross J , Mikles Sean P , Kneale Laura , Evans Heather L , Munson Sean A , Backonja Uba , Lober William B 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Many patients use mobile devices to track health conditions by recording patient-generated health data. However, patients and clinicians may disagree how to use these data. Objective: To systematically review the literature to identify how patient-generated health data and patient-reported outcomes collected outside of clinical settings can affect patient–clinician relationships within surgery and primary care. Methods: Six research databases were queried for publications documenting the effect of patient-generated health data or patient-reported outcomes on patient–clinician relationships. We conducted thematic synthesis of the results of the included publications. Results: Thirteen of the 3204 identified publications were included for synthesis. Three main themes were identified: patient-generated health data supported patient–clinician communication and health awareness, patients desired for their clinicians to be involved with their patient-generated health data, which clinicians had difficulty accommodating, and patient-generated health data platform features may support or hinder patient–clinician collaboration. Conclusion: Patient-generated health data and patient-reported outcomes may improve patient health awareness and communication with clinicians but may negatively affect patient–clinician relationships.
Gallic acid enhances reproductive function by modulating oxido-inflammatory and apoptosis mediators in rats exposed to aflatoxin-B1
Authors: Owumi Solomon E , Adedara Isaac A , Akomolafe Ayomide P , Farombi Ebenezer O , Oyelere Adegboyega K 
Published: June 2020

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is reported to elicit adverse reproductive outcomes in animals. Gallic acid (GA) is known to exhibit antioxidant and inflammatory bioactivities. The impact of GA on AFB1-facilitated reproductive dysfunction is nonexistent in literature. This investigation elucidated GA protective effect on AFB1-induced reproductive toxicities in rats, exposed for 28 consecutive days to AFB1 (75 µg/kg), or co-treated with GA (20 or 40 mg/kg) body weight. AFB1 significantly (p  <  0.05) reduced testicular function biomarkers, serum hormonal levels, and functional sperm characteristics in experimental animals. GA abated AFB1-induced increases (p  <  0.05) in lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, suppressed myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels—inflammatory biomarkers—in testes, epididymis, and hypothalamus. Furthermore, GA improved antioxidant defenses and alleviated reduction in interleukin-10, caspase-3 activation, and histological variations in epididymis, testes, and hypothalamus of rats dosed with AFB1. Conclusively, GA enhanced reproductive function in AFB1-exposed rats by modulating inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptosis mediators.Impact statementInfertility resulting from reproductive deficiency can be stressful. Exposure to aflatoxin B1, a dietary mycotoxin prevalent in improperly stored grains, is reported to elicit reproductive insufficiencies and infertility. We, therefore, examined the likely beneficial effect of gallic acid (GA) a phytochemical, recognized to exhibit in vitro and in vivo pharmacological bioactivities against oxidative stress and related inflammatory damages in rats, since AFB1 toxicities are predicated on oxidative epoxide formation, in a bid to proffer new evidence to advance the field of nutriceutical application from plant-derived chemopreventive agents. Our findings will advance the field of chemoprevention by presenting data absent in the literature on GA. Our results demonstrate further evidence for GA conferred protection against AFB1-mediated histological lesions in testes, epididymis, and hypothalamus of treated rats; suppresses oxidative damages, relieved inflammatory and apoptotic responses, restored sperm functional characteristics, and hormonal levels relevant for reproductive integrity and function.
Spontaneous Skull Base Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Their Relationship to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Bidot Samuel , Levy Joshua M. , Saindane Amit M. , Narayana Kannan M. , Dattilo Michael , DelGaudio John M. , Mattox Douglas E. , Oyesiku Nelson M. , Peragallo Jason H. , Solares C. Arturo , Vivas Esther X. , Wise Sarah K. , Newman Nancy J. , Biousse Valérie 
Published: June 2020

Background The association between spontaneous skull base cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has been suggested, but its significance remains unclear. Objective To estimate the prevalence of IIH in spontaneous skull base CSF leak patients. Methods Systematic collection of demographics, neuro-ophthalmic and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of spontaneous skull base CSF leak patients seen pre- and post-leak repair in one neuro-ophthalmology service. Patients with preexisting IIH were diagnosed with definite IIH if adequate documentation was provided; otherwise, they were categorized with presumed IIH. Classic radiographic signs of intracranial hypertension and bilateral transverse venous sinus stenosis were recorded. Results Thirty six patients were included (age [interquartile range]: 50 [45;54] years; 94% women; body mass index: 36.8 [30.5;39.9] kg/m2), among whom six (16.7%, [95% confidence interval, CI]: [6.4;32.8]) had a preexisting diagnosis of definite or presumed IIH. Of the remaining 30 patients, four (13.3%, 95%CI: [3.8;30.7]) had optic nerve head changes suggesting previously undiagnosed IIH, while one was newly diagnosed with definite IIH at initial consultation. One out of 29 patients with normal findings of the optic nerve head at presentation developed new onset papilledema following surgery (3.4%, 95%CI: [0.1;17.8]) and was ultimately diagnosed with definite IIH. Overall, the prevalence of definite IIH was 19.4% (95%CI: [8.2;36.0]). Conclusion Striking demographic overlap exists between IIH patients and those with spontaneous CSF leak. Definite IIH was present in approximately 20% of our patients. However, its true prevalence is likely higher than identified by using classic criteria. We therefore hypothesize that an active CSF leak serves as an auto-diversion for CSF, thereby “treating” the intracranial hypertension and eliminating characteristic signs and symptoms at initial presentation.
The status of cultural care among nurses working in different wards of teaching hospitals in Ardabil, Iran: A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Firoozi Fatemeh , Mozaffari Naser , Iranpour Sohrab , Molaei Behnam , Shamshiri Mahmood 
Published: June 2020

Introduction Culture is an important determinant in providing appropriate and coordinated health care for people from different ethnicities. The present study aimed to evaluate the status of cultural care among nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Methods In this descriptive-correlational study, 350 nurses completed the Persian version of Cultural Care Inventory (PCCI). This tool consists of 51 items and measures cultural care process in four domains including cultural preparation, cultural attitude, cultural awareness and cultural competence. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22. Results The grand item mean of cultural care was 2.60 ± 0.621, which is considered poor. The grand item mean was 2.64 ± 0.78 in the subscale of cultural preparation, 3.45 ± 0.559 in cultural attitude, 2.81 ± 0.736 in cultural awareness and 2.58 ± 0.834 in cultural competence. Cultural competence was significantly related to cultural preparation (r = 0.80), cultural attitude (r = 0.62) and cultural awareness (r = 0.87). Discussion Based on the present findings, cultural care and its dimensions (with the exception of cultural attitude) were at a poor level. It can also be claimed that there is a direct and strong relationship between the dimensions of cultural care including cultural preparation, awareness, attitude and competence, which indicates the interdependence of these dimensions on each other. Nurses need to improve their cultural competence to ensure of providing patient-centered and culturally coordinated care.
Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the 24-Item Early-Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire
Authors: De Mendonça Rodrigo G. M. , Bergamascki Lucas M. , Silva Karla C. M. da , Letaif Olavo B. , Marcon Raphael , Cristante Alexandre F. , Matsumoto Hiroko , Vitale Michel G. , Meves Robert 
Published: June 2020

Study Design: Multicenter prospective study. Objectives: To validate the Early-Onset Scoliosis 24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) questionnaire for the Brazilian Portuguese language, a widely used tool for assessing the impact of different treatments and interventions in EOS patients. Methods: The EOSQ-24 questionnaire was cross-culturally adapted following guidelines already published. After language adjustments by a group of experts, the final version of the Brazilian Portuguese EOSQ-24 was applied to a group of 76 patients (35 male and 41 female). Internal consistency was evaluated using the Cronbach α coefficient and item-total correlations. Continuous variables were recorded as median values and interquartile ranges and categorical variables as percentages. Results: In the study group, 76 patients were evaluated. The total EOSQ-24 Cronbach α coefficient was 0.883, indicating excellent reliability. The internal consistency of EOSQ-24 was assessed in 3 domains: patient quality of Life, parental burden, and satisfaction (Cronbach α: 0.816-0.934). The range across all subdomains was 0.473 to 0.934. Floor effects for the 24 items were between 1.3% and 43.4% and ceiling effects, between 3.9% and 42.1%. Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese adaptation of the EOSQ-24 shows excellent reliability and can be a valid tool for psychometric assessment of children with EOS.
Isselite, Cu6(SO4)(OH)10(H2O)4⋅H2O, a new mineral species from Eastern Liguria, Italy
Authors: Biagioni Cristian , Belmonte Donato , Carbone Cristina , Cabella Roberto , Demitri Nicola , Perchiazzi Natale , Kampf Anthony R. , Bosi Ferdinando 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe new mineral isselite, Cu6(SO4)(OH)10(H2O)4⋅H2O, has been discovered in the Lagoscuro mine, Monte Ramazzo mining complex, Genoa, Eastern Liguria, Italy. It occurs as sprays of blue acicular crystals, up to 0.1 mm long, associated with brochantite and posnjakite. Streak is light blue and the lustre is vitreous. Isselite is brittle, with irregular fracture and good cleavage on {001} and {100}. Measured density is 3.00(2) g/cm3. Isselite is optically biaxial (–), with α = 1.599(2), β = 1.633(2) and γ = 1.647(2) (determined in white light). The measured 2V is 63.6(5)°. Dispersion is moderate, withr>v. The optical orientation isX=b,Y=candZ=a. Isselite is pleochroic, withX= light blue,Y= blue,Z= blue;X<<Z<Y. Electron microprobe analyses give (wt.%): SO311.45(21), MgO 0.31(7), CoO 1.07(14), NiO 9.41(90), CuO 51.29(126), ZnO 1.10(20), H2Ocalc24.21, total 98.84. The empirical formula of isselite, based on Σ(Mg,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn) = 6 atoms per formula unit, is (Cu4.80Ni0.94Co0.11Zn0.10Mg0.06)Σ6.00(S1.06O4.19)(OH)10⋅5H2O. Isselite is orthorhombic, space groupPmn21, with unit-cell parametersa= 6.8070(14),b= 5.8970(12),c= 20.653(4) Å,V= 829.0(3) Å3andZ= 2. The crystal structure of isselite was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data toR1= 0.067 on the basis of 2964 reflections withFo> 4σ(Fo). It shows a layered structure formed by zig-zag {001} layers of Cu-centred polyhedra. Sulfate groups occur in the interlayer along with one H2O group. Isselite is chemically related to redgillite and montetrisaite.