bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social and technological aspects of building materials production in the concept of a smart city
Authors: Davydova T E , Turchenko A E , Usachev A M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The concept of a smart city is based on the improvement of the quality of human life in a comfortable environment. Depending on specific goals, priority is given to certain environmental factors. Among the most important factors, the analysis allows highlighting social inequality, ecology, sustainability, the use of local conditions, resource optimization, and benefits for citizens. The creation of infrastructure that ensures and supports the development of cities is largely determined by the state of the construction sector. In the field of construction, we are talking about the choice of socio-technological aspects of the production of materials that correspond to the concept of a smart city. Therefore, the choice of building material is determined by the social significance of its availability, environmental friendliness, technological feasibility from the standpoint of durability, the possibility of using local raw materials, and the possibility of involving technogenic materials. Based on the SWOT analysis method, ceramic tiles have strong technological aspects. The article presents the results of optimization of the raw material composition of ceramic tiles, which includes anthropogenic material - cullet and local raw material - chalk, and technological parameters (pressing pressure and firing temperature). As a result of the work, the rational content of the studied floodplains (cullet and chalk) in the raw material mixture was determined - 17-25% for the production of facing ceramic tiles. It is established that press pressure is a factor in the formation of a structure that allows reducing the temperature of roasting ceramic tiles.
Effect of concreting defects on the uptime of reinforced concrete during the construction of new Arctic settlements by the criterion of exposure to air carbon dioxide
Authors: Fedorov P A , Hafizov A R , Kanareikin V I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The development of Arctic territories and waters requires the construction of new settlements with industrial infrastructure. Modified concrete is used for the construction of these facilities. However, during erection of monolithic reinforced concrete structures defects and damages are formed, which affect their durability and reliability. The results of probabilistic simulation of failure-free operation of reinforced concrete according to the criterion of carbon dioxide gas effect on concrete for conditions of Sabetta settlement are given in the work. Concretes with a water-cement ratio of 0.35 and 0.50 per CEM III/A 42.5N were taken as design values. Design thickness of the protective layer is 45 mm, depth of defects and damages is 5, 10, 15, 25 mm. Probability modeling was performed using the Duracret model using Excel and PTC Mathcad. The results showed that without defects and damages the period of normal operation as a whole corresponds to the design value of 50 and 100 years. In case of defects, the first local areas may appear in 15-40 years.
Improvement of technological processes of production and application of liquid phosphate binders
Authors: Khlystov A I , Shirokov V A , Sokolova S V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results related to the processes of liquid phosphate binder synthesizing based on nanotechnogenic raw materials. Such raw materials include alumina-containing sludge from non-ferrous metallurgy. It is established that with the use of alumina alkali sludge and phosphoric acid, it is possible to obtain mono- and disubstituted aluminophosphate binders, and on the basis of alumina-calcium sludge it is possible to obtain alumina-calcium phosphate binders. Particular attention is paid to rational technologies for the use of liquid aluminophosphate and aluminocalcium phosphate binders in the processes of obtaining protective impregnating coating compositions of chamotte linings and structural- chemical modification of piece refractories. The results obtained make it possible to predict an increase in the resistance and durability of widespread chamotte linings of industrial furnaces and other thermal units.
Bond strength between concrete layers of three-layer concrete structures
Authors: Korol E A , Tho Vu Dinh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Development of the methods for the calculating reinforced concrete structures covers a wide range of issues, including the expansion of the application of new innovative materials such as concrete and reinforcement. In practice, modern construction of multilayer structures is made of concrete with different strengths and it is compulsory to conduct numerical and experimental studies of the bond strength between concrete layers with different strengths. In this study, the influence of some physical-mechanical factors and temporal manufacturing parameters on the monolithic bond of concrete layers of three-layer structures made of concrete with different densities according depending on the sample is considered. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the development of the shear bond strength between two concrete layers of three-layers sandwich concrete. Three-layer samples consist of normal concrete (NC) in the external layers and lightweight concrete (LWC) in the inner layer. The results of the study show that these factors directly affect the monolithic bond of concrete layers in three-layer structures, which are made by concrete of different strengths. The obtained scientific results allow the determination of reasonable parameters to ensure the monolithic bond of concrete layers with different strengths of the 3-layers structure in design and production.
Analysis of possibility of using indicator method to study functional groups of surface of new components of building materials
Authors: Melnikova A V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The current trend to increase the volume of construction of public and industrial facilities the need for new modern building materials is as high as ever. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the materials obtained are especially important, the improvement of which is often provided by the introduction of new additives into the composition. Using the indicator method to study the surface of new components of building materials can help to assess the impact of the nature of their surface on the final product.
Research of possibility of producing ceramic paving stones by vibrocompression with the purpose of using them in the improvement of urban areas
Authors: Montaev S A , Zharylgapov S M , Montaeva N S , Shakeshev B T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the physic-mechanical and chemical-mineralogical characteristics of raw materials and proposes a clay-based raw material composition to create technology for ceramic pavers by vibrocompression using talc rock. The of ceramic compositions for the production of ceramic pavers are studied taking into account the dominant factors of a two-component mixture to improve the molding, drying and physic-mechanical properties of the finished product. It was found that the introduction of talc into the ceramic composition promotes the formation of high-temperature phases of augite and amphibole, and enhances the processes of mineral formation in clay, with the formation of high-temperature phases - sanidine, ackermanite and augite, which provide samples with high physical and mechanical properties. The basic laws of the structure and phase formation of ceramic compositions at a firing temperature of 1000 ° C, consisting in the occurrence of solid and solid-liquid phase sintering processes at which the phase-mineral composition of the compositions determining the production of ceramic pavers with high strength, frost resistance, are studied, were studied. The possibility of obtaining ceramic pavers that meet environmental and operational requirements in order to use them in the improvement of urban areas (sidewalks, walkways, park areas, playgrounds, etc.) has been proved. It has been established that one of the predominant properties of ceramic paving stones is their significant porosity (up to 30%), which allows quickly absorbing water from atmospheric precipitation and filter it through your body by transferring water to the ground.
Method for determining surface destruction area of concrete elements
Authors: Popov V P , Davidenko A Yu , Popov D V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article presents data on concrete destruction features, and the evaluation characteristics of this process, taking into account the research experience in this area. For more complete concrete assessment and qualification, it is proposed to study operational and strength parameters as well as critical fracture surface area. The currently available methods for recording material fracture parameters are evaluated. The acoustic emission method is recommended as the most widely implemented of the proposed methods (acoustic emission, electroluminescence, radio radiation). The proposed method is based on theoretical provisions establishing relationship between the area of the newly formed fracture surface in all materials and the acoustic emission amplitude. Taking into account the adhesion coefficient values expressed in terms of the acting voltage and the crack parameters we obtain the energy of material destruction is proportional to the energy of releasing acoustic emission. The article describes test procedure and nature, as well as the standard equipment characteristics and its preparation for measuring acoustic emission. The method proposed by the authors is characterized by relative simplicity, high reliability, and is practically the only one that allows determining the area of concrete destruction under different types of external influence at different destruction stages.
Use of materials with shape memory effect to improve the performance properties of parts of drill string
Authors: Ruban D A , Cherkesov T A , Balaev E Yu O , Gerasimov D V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The use of materials with shape memory in the manufacture of parts of the drill string such as the nipple and the coupling of the boring lock and the bit of the drill bit can improve performance, as many of the drawbacks exhibited during operation are associated with design features, and the use of alloys with shape memory allows changing the design parts, taking into account the features of the equipment due to their functional characteristics.
Optimization of structural solutions building envelopes of industrial buildings operated in variable thermal conditions
Authors: Vytchikov Yu S , Saparyov M E , Kostuganov A B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article presents the methodology of thermo-technical calculation of low-heat enclosing structures industrial buildings operated in conditions of variable thermal conditions. According to the proposed methodology, the thickness of the sandwich panel of the outer wall of the industrial building is determined on the basis of the fulfillment of energy saving conditions and the given time of room’s heating. To solve the problem of unsteady heat transfer through the outer wall was applied an approximate analytical method developed by the authors of this article. The presented analytical method by choosing a building envelope allows taking into account not only heat-shielding but also the dynamic characteristics of the fence. This calculation method can be applied at the stage of developing structural solutions for the external fence and detailing of building units in this construction. The results of the heat engineering calculation of the outer wall of a production building under construction are presented as an example. Based on the presented calculation results, it becomes possible to determine the optimal thickness of the insulation layer, at which the designed enclosing structure will satisfy not only the modern requirements of thermal protection, but also provide a given time for the heating of the room.
Improvement of production technology of asphalt concrete with the use of polymer waste
Authors: Satayeva S S , Burakhta V A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this study the ROB 70/100 oil asphalt from the Aktau Bitumen Factory «CaspiBitum» was considered. Asphalt was modified with polymer waste to upgrade operating properties. The I-40 industrial oil was used as a softener. Indicators like penetration, extensibility (ductility), brittleness temperature and softening temperature of bitumen were explored in this study. It was shown, that physical-mechanical properties of bitumen increased after modification: needle penetration depth decreased, extensibility decreased, softening temperature increased. In addition, the influence of polymers on the structure of bitumen and the effect of their action in the composition were examined. Structure of polymer waste in Republic of Kazakhstan was analyzed. It was proved, that the usage of the recycled polyethylene as a modifier is a rational approach, and it makes it possible to recycle stocks of secondary polymeric materials. Also problems of improving the properties of polymer-bitumen binder and ecology solved.
Theory of polystructural properties of silica-lime construction materials
Authors: Sidorenko Y V , Guryanov A M , Kozlov V V 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDuring construction of low-cost residential housing, it is necessary to use local raw materials, to increase the variety of manufactured products and to implement energy-saving technologies. Such technologies include, in particular, the contact-condensation (non-autoclave) technology created by V.D. Glukhovskiy and R.F. Runova. According to it, non-stable calcium hydrosilicates are produced in an isothermal reactor – a batch crystallization vessel. Then they are mixed with fine filler until attaining the moulding water content; the raw goods are compacted at the increased pressure and dried. After pressing water-resistant wares of sufficient strength are formed. The technology for separate hydrosilicate production with their further compacting considerably expands the subset of control actions over system as compared to the traditional autoclave process. The study of mutual coordination and kinetics of the composite frame formation and its probable structure simulation are among the list studied field in material science. Some scientists defined this problem as the most difficult in material science and considered implementation of theoretical modelling (replacing a real object with its analogue) as a way of its successful resolution. We make a conclusion that the examination of polystructural properties would adjust us to forecast a further development of silica-lime products.
Modeling the influence of variable temperature fields on the stressed state of offshore facilities
Authors: Starokon I V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article considers the influence of temperature fields on the stress state of offshore facilities using the example of fixed offshore platforms for oil and gas production. It is noted that there is no theory for offshore oil and gas facilities that would allow a numerical description of the nature and mechanism of action of both conventionally stationary and variable temperature fields. An analysis of various literature sources showed that currently there are solutions for the dynamics of propagation and stress state for an axisymmetric temperature field, for a non-axisymmetric case, characteristic of the operating conditions of the support blocks of offshore platforms, there is no such solution. The author notes that a change in the thermal state of the elements of offshore facilities as a result of various factors leads to a change in their stress state. In some cases, in the presence of significant defects, these defects act as stress concentrators, thereby increasing the nominal strain. A numerical-analytical modeling of the effects of both variable and conditionally stationary fields was carried out, which made it possible to identify a number of patterns.
Mechanochemical activation of natural and technogenic raw materials in the production of high strength plaster
Authors: Suchkov V P , Veselov A V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Currently, the growth of production of gypsum materials and products exceeds the economic growth of the world markets. More than 90% of binder manufactured of natural raw materials is produced of low grades, and, for production of high strength gypsum by crushed stone autoclaving, not more than 40% of extracted raw materials are used. This is due to low percentage of crushed stone of required fractions (larger than 30-50 mm) is produced from the rocks by crushing and classification. The accumulated industrial experience showed that further development of production of high grade gypsum binders is possible provided it is subject to a substantial reduction of technology, increase of productivity and reduction of fuel and energy consumption. A technology of production of gypsum binders of small fractions of gypsum rock and phosphogypsum by mechanochemical activation (MOSS) of raw materials is proposed and developed. Advantages of the suggested technology: 1. In production of high-strength gypsum binders the technology allows complete processing of raw materials, including fines generated during crushing (fraction smaller than 5 mm); 2. By changing the maximum grain size and application of MOSS, total time of heat processing (autoclaving and drying) is reduced by 2.5 – 3.04 h, which allows reducing fuel and energy consumption; 3. Operation of binder grinding after drying is excluded.
Basis of use of dispersed carbon-containing modifiers for production of construction materials with given properties
Authors: Yusupova S S , Myzernaya M A , Khairullina A A , Kartygin A V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The mineralogical composition and structure of shungite rocks of East Kazakhstan is investigated. The possibility of obtaining a dispersed modifier from shungite for the production of various building materials is studied. The structure of dispersed carbon-containing modifiers obtained in the process of «dry» and «wet» grinding of shungite is investigated. The possibility of modifying cement compositions with a carbon-containing modifier is studied. Due to the adsorption-bound water the modifier under examination ensures a sufficiently intensive process of hydration and structure formation of hardening cement stone. It predetermines the structure and physical and mechanical properties of the cement stone. The effect of dispersed carbon-containing modifiers on the structure formation and adhesion of bitumen to mineral materials is shown.
Ensuring chemical resistance of pile foundations when they are installed in permanently and seasonally frozen soils with aggressive environments
Authors: Zhusupbekov A Zh , Montayeva A S , Montayev S A , Montayeva N S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The analysis of soil and groundwater chemical composition in Kazakhstan has showed that they contain soluble salts of various concentrations. Therefore, one of the problematic tasks in constructing pile foundations on seasonally frozen soils with aggressive media is not only about to ensure proper pile driving, but also to ensure their chemical resistance against soluble salts. The main factors affecting the pile foundations when driving their permanently and seasonally frozen soils have been identified. It was established that as the main factors in the technology of driving pile foundations in frozen soils are the depth of freezing soil and appropriate method of driving piles. It has been established that in many cases construction is carried out in soils with aggressive environments, which raises new challenges for ensuring the chemical resistance of pile foundations. To ensure the chemical stability of pile foundations, new chemically active additives are proposed in the form of siliceous rock - flask and thermolitic sand. The results of the studies, it has been found that the use of siliceous rock-flask in the form of a filler in the composition of cement binder and thermolithic sand increases the chemical resistance of concrete in conditions of high-intensity salt and acid aggression by almost 1.5-3 times, respectively, in comparison with concrete on quartz sand.
Typical defects and damage to the industrial buildings’ facades
Authors: Krahmalny T A , Evtushenko S I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
During the life cycle of the industrial building, defects and damages associated with the production process or their operating conditions accumulate in the construction structures. Defects of facades, such as destruction of the protective layer of concrete, exposure of the wall panels working reinforcement, destruction of the concrete of the carnal slabs, absence of glazing on the windows, corrosion of metal fire ladders, destruction of the wall and mechanical damage to the wall panels by motor vehicles, are repeated at different objects and have common causes of occurrence. The authors have identified 5 characteristic zones of defect. The article contains recommendations for the elimination of detected defects and damages. Defects and damages are proposed to be combined according to the above groups during surveys or monitoring of façade condition. This will allow to monitor the dynamics of negative processes development and to carry out major repairs in a timely manner during scheduled annual inspections of facades.
Aerodynamic and thermal interference between two building models
Authors: Korobkov S , Gnyrya A , Terekhov V 
Published: April 2020

Abstractthe paper considers aerodynamic and thermal interference of separated flows between two square prisms arranged at a short distance from each other. It is shown how relative positions of the square prisms affect the specific phenomena caused by the airflow interactions. This work is the experimental study of aerodynamic and thermal interference effects on two square prisms or building models depending on their relative positions. A strong difference is shown between aerodynamic and thermal interferences observed in the airflow behind two tandem models. The thermal interference effect turns to be rather conservative as compared to the aerodynamic. Using the interference parameters one can easily analyze the extreme values of the pressure and thermal flows interfering with the building models depending on many factors, including relative model positions.
Use of two-parameter distributions for a joint assessment of the residual resource of building structures and engineering systems of buildings and structures
Authors: Korolkov D I , Chernykh A G , Kazakevich T N , Mamedov S M , Gravit M V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article describes the use of two-parameter distributions for assessing the residual resource of engineering systems and building structures of buildings and structures. To estimate the residual resource, the authors propose using the Weibull distribution, beta distribution, gamma distribution, and student distribution. Scopes of each distribution are shown. In particular cases, these distributions turn into normal or exponential distributions, which are widely used to estimate the residual resource of building structures and engineering systems of buildings and structures. The authors proposed an algorithm for using two-parameter distributions for a joint assessment of the residual resource of building structures and engineering systems of buildings and structures. In this algorithm, the authors present the parameters by which it is necessary to choose one or another two-parametric distribution. Further, the authors determined how to estimate the element failure rate in the presence and absence of data on the number of failures. The authors also proposed a procedure for assigning the final value of the residual resource when using several distributions at once. The advantages and disadvantages of using two-parameter distributions for a joint assessment of the residual resource of building structures and engineering systems of buildings and structures are given. The authors also proposed ways to further improve it.