bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1984, the Beginning of a New World Communication Order?
Authors: Stephan Wafa 
Published: March 2020

Last year was declared by the UN General Assembly and by the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) as World Communication Year. Talking about World Communication leads us to mention the First Conference of Non-Aligned Information Ministers (COMINAC) which was held on the 26th of January 1984 in Jakarta, Indonesia.
More about the Elderly in Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese 
Published: March 2020

There are in Lebanon five major institutions that take care of the aged and three resthouses where they are accepted: one at Arayya, another at Bhannes, a third one at Zouq Musbeh (Convent of Christ King). Other new homes are being built for them: one on the hills overlooking the plain of Damour, another called Oznam House, at Batroun.
Fallen Idols
Authors: American University Lebanese 
Published: March 2020

At a meeting which grouped a number of university women interested in modern social problems, a question was raised regarding the nature and evolution of family relations. One of the group mentioned a study recently made by Dr. Munir Chamoun, a well-known Lebanese sociologist, who concluded that the women of this country «are asexual individuals whoselives revolve around motherhood, a function which absorbs their whole being.
The Dowry in Algeria
Authors: Marouf Chafika 
Published: March 2020

Abstract of a study made by Chafika Marouf, in "Actes des Journees d'Etude et de Reflexion sur les Femmes Aigeriennes », Centre de Documentation des Sciences Humaines, Universite d'Oran, 3, 4, 5, et 6 Mai 1980; Oran, pp. 295-329. See AI-Raida, May 1, 1981 , Vol. IV No. 16 p. 9.
Editorial
Authors: American University Lebanese 
Published: March 2020

The tradition of projecting into their offspring their likes and dislikes, just like the transmission of titles and property, plays a primary role in the parents' socialization of children. Consciously or unconsciously, the children absorb the parents' ideas and manners. At a certain age, they may develop a sense of revolt against the parents' possessiveness, but the atmosphere of the home, which predominates their early years, leaves its stamp on them and determines the molding of their personalities.
Woman's Image in the Lebanese Press 1935-1975
Authors: American University Lebanese 
Published: March 2020

Woman's image in Lebanese textbooks, in Egyptian mass media and in the Egyptian cinema has been treated in brief reports published in former issues of AI -Raida)_ Woman's image in the Lebanese press has been contributed through the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World in a detailed study project recently made by Mr. Richard Allouche, assistant professor at Lyon University " (France), on the image of woman in the Lebanese press between 1935 and 1975.
Women and Health
Authors: American University Lebanese 
Published: March 2020

There is scarcely any need to prove that woman's concern with health, on an individual or a general level, has always been one of her chief occupations. As a wife and mother, as a nurse, midwife or social worker, she has always had the responsibility of caring for the husband's and the child's physical well-being, for the sick in her home and in hospitals, and for the wounded on battlefields.
Review of Women’s Studies Volumes 1 (2003), 2 (2004), 3 (2005)
Authors: Sayigh Rosemary 
Published: March 2020

The Review of Women’s Studies is remarkable on several counts: the level of interest of its contents; its thrust towards linking gender studies to the building of a democratic Arab society; and not least the conditions of its production under Israeli siege and closure. The year of its launching, 2002, saw the Israeli re-occupation of the whole West Bank, manifested in a situation of violence, closure, and curfew that affected every aspect of daily life. As the Introduction to the first volume notes, this was a period when Birzeit students and faculty faced a daily struggleto reach the university. That the Birzeit Institute of Women’s Studies (IWS) carried on and even expanded its teaching, research and publication program under such conditions is a sign of the dynamic that links work on gender to Palestinian resistance.
Qissat: Short Stories by Palestinian Women
Authors: Tabbara Tania 
Published: March 2020

I’ve always had mixed feelings concerning anthologies on women writers. It seems to me that classifying writers by their nationality and their gender does not really do justice to the creative originality of their stories. By classifying them in that way the stories are somehow assumed to reflect a certain social and political reality, which might not at all be intended by the writers.Especially regarding female writers from the Middle East, one expects to find stories that reflect upon the suppression of women in a patriarchal society that is determined by Islamic culture. Palestinian women writers have to fight this cliché as much as the expectation that their writing is (merely) informed by their status as refugees or occupied people (which of course might be the case but not necessarily so, or maybe only partially so).
Women and War: An overview
Authors: Lindsey Charlotte 
Published: March 2020

Frequently today’s conflicts are internal - fought within a country between different ethnic or political groups of the same "nationality" - rather than international, fought between countries and across borders. This has led to the civilian population becoming increasingly "caught up" in the conflict and/or targeted by the parties to the armed conflict as part of a deliberate strategy. War at home rather than abroad has had a major impact on women as members of the civilian population. Furthermore, women are increasingly taking up arms as members of the armed forces.
Reflections on the impact of Education on Marriage
Authors: El-Hajj Maysa 
Published: March 2020

In the past twenty years or so, enrollment of high school graduates of both sexes in colleges and graduate studies has taken place at an unprecedented rate in Lebanon, particularly in the capital to the extent that it has been taken for granted that the only normal thing to do after the Baccalaureate, is to go to university. At the same time, like previous generations, educated men and women are expected to marry and spend their adulthood in families of their own.
The Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World: Academic Research and Community Action
Authors: Aghacy Samira 
Published: March 2020

The Middle East is at the moment one of the areas where women's studies are expanding, and women'sorganizations are increasing at a fast rate. Over the past three decades or so, an impressive number of women's organizations have appeared on the public arena. With the emergence of civil rights movements in the Arab world in the 1980's and the rise of the Islamic revivalist movements since the mid-1980's, a new phase in feminist thought and practice began to take shape.
Images of Women in the United Arab Emirates Mass Media
Authors: Al-Dahery Amina Khamiz 
Published: March 2020

Women of the UAE are rarely represented in the media except on some occasions such as the celebration of National Day. Few programs are aired on TV. and even fewer pages cover women's issues in the press though, educated UAE women are interviewed in the mass media for propaganda purposes. The general absence of women from television and the media can be attributed to the fact that the UAE mass media import almost all their programs, and that social traditions preventwomen from making appearances in the mass media.
Mai Yamani: A Saudi Arabian Anthropologist
Authors: Sfeir Myriam 
Published: March 2020

hile in England I had the chance to meet Dr. Mai Yamani, a social anthropologist and editor of the Feminism and Islam. Dr. Yamani and I decided to meet in a hotel in Knightsbridge. Given that I had never met her before we started exchanging hints as to how we were going to recognize each other. She told me that she was apetite with dark hair and explained that she looked very Arab. I had difficulty recognizing her at first for I expected her to be much older. After chatting for a while I started my interview.
Healing versus Hypocrisy: Rehabilitation of Prostitutes in Lebanon
Authors: Ismail Ghena 
Published: March 2020

Ever since I was a child. I felt I was a stranger in the family. Why. I don't know. Ali i know is that I didn't feel comfortable. and at the age of ten I found myself running away from the house. Unfortunately. though, my parents always managed to find me and bring me back home."
Brigitte Khair-Keirouz, Environmentali st and Feminist
Authors: Jeha Rima 
Published: March 2020

The only common ground uniting all Lebanese people, regardless of their confessional membership or political ideology, is the environment. It is the verybasis of our li ves, yet not enough is being done to protect and preserve it." So asserts Brigitte Kheir Keirouz, a young environmental activist who now serves as the Lebanese National Coordinator for LIFE (Local Initiative Facility for UrbanEnvironment), a project of the United Nations Development Program. Keirouz, a dynamic young woman who hails from the north of Lebanon, holds two degrees from the American University of Beirut (a BS in Nutrition and Dietetics and aMasters in Public Health).
Palestinian Women in Post-War Lebanon
Authors: Ayyoub Maha 
Published: March 2020

In 1994, a round-table discussion was held with leading Palestinian women activists in Lebanon to discuss current pressing development issues confronting the Palestinians in Lebanon, particularly women. Since the beginning of this century,political issues have been at the center of Palestinian communallife. This is especially true now, as the neglect of social, educational, medical and economic services for Palestinian refugees in Lebanon approaches a crisis point. For Palestinian women, this struggle has become increasingly frustrating andexhausting. In order to understand what these women have to cope with, one needs to briefly review the history of their situation.
Beirut Fragments
Authors: Makdisi Jean Said 
Published: March 2020

ow can I write about Beirut? How can I collect it all into onevolume: the years of pain; of watching a world collapse whiletrying to stave off that collapse; the layers of memories andhopes, of tragedy and even sometimes comedy, of violence and kindness, of courage and fear? Above all, how can I express my strange love for this mutilated city; how to explain, both to myself and to others, the lingering magic of the place that has kept me and so many others clinging to its wreckage, refusing to let go, refusing to abandon it?
Sudan: The Effect of Sudanese Women's Activities on the Environment
Authors: Muhammad Saleh Amira Awad 
Published: March 2020

Sudan is one of the biggest countries of Africa with an area of 2.5 million Sq. Kilometers (965,250 Sq. Miles). It borders Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Zaire, Central Africa, Tchad, Libya and Egypt from the North, and the Red Sea from the East. According to the 1993 statistics, the population of Sudan is 26 million, of which 25 percent are urban dwellers and 75 percent live in rural areas, and its population growth is 2.9 percent.
From the Winner of the Franco-Arab Book Award, 1993. Evelyne Accad's "Blessures Des Mots" (Wounds of Words)
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose 
Published: March 2020

Evelyne Accad Blessures des Mots, Journal de Tunisie, Indigo, Collection Premices, Cote Femmes Edition, Paris 1993.
"Repertorio de de Moral Económica (1536. 1670) La Escuela de Salamanca y su proyección"
Authors: Gómez Camacho Francisco 
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: BARRIENTOS GARCÍA, J. (2011) Repertorio de de Moral Económica (1536. 1670) La Escuela de Salamanca y su proyección, Pamplona, Universidad de Navarra (EUNSA).
Aberrant expression of placental-like alkaline phosphatase in chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and its modulation by vitamin E
Authors: Shvachko L.P. , Zavelevich M.P. , Gluzman D.F. , Telegeev G.D. 
Published: March 2020

Summary. Placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is expressed by many tumors and can be detected in sera of patients with various cancers. Its aberrant expression has been considered to be potentially useful as tumor marker. However, the biological background of the role of this aberrant alkaline phosphatase (AP) in cancer is still unclear. The expression of various forms of AP in cells of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has not yet been studied. Aim: To analyze the expression patterns of various AP forms in cells originated from CML patients in blast crisis and to modify their expression by vitamin E. Materials and Methods: RNA extracted from leukemic cells was converted to cDNA and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed using SYBR Green protocol with primers to tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), intestinal alkaline phosphatase and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins alpha (C/EBPα). To analyze the modulation of expression of APs and C/EBPα, CML cells were incubated with 100 µM vitamin E. Results: We have observed the aberrant expression of mRNA intestinal alkaline phosphatase in CML cells that upon sequencing demonstrated the significant alignment with PLAP sequence while no gene homology with tissue placental alkaline phosphatase (PAP) was revealed. Vitamin E decreases mRNA PLAP expression and increases mRNA TNAP expression. Moreover, along with down-regulation of aberrant PLAP and up-regulation of TNAP, vitamin E increases C/EBPα mRNA expression. Conclusion: The loss of TNAP in CML may contribute to pathogenesis of this disease. PLAP may be considered as a putative target in differentiation therapies in myeloid neoplasms. Our findings suggest the potential role of vitamin E as the inducer of differentiation potential of leukemic cells in CML.
Metformin enhances cytotoxic action of dichloroacetate against Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vitro
Authors: Kolesnik D.L. , Pyaskovskaya O.N. , Gorbach O. , Solyanik G.I. 
Published: March 2020

Summary. Tumor cell metabolism is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. This concept is exploited in the development of new ways of anticancer therapy based on the use of substances capable of changing drastically bioenergetic metabolism of tumor cells. Among them, sodium dichloroace­tate (DCA), an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, and metformin (MTF), an antidiabetic hypoglycemic drug, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (complex I), both have been long used in clinical non-oncological practice, and presently are considered promising candidates in oncology. Aim: To study the capability of MTF to enhance the antitumor action of DCA against Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: LLC/R9, a low metastatic variant of Lewis lung carcinoma cells, was used. Effects of 30 mM DCA in combination with 2 mM MTF on cell survival, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, mitochondrial potential, intracellular ATP level, glucose consumption, and lactate production rates were determined in vitro. Results: MTF was shown to enhance the cytotoxic/cytostatic action of DCA against LLC/R9 cells in vitro. Treatment of LLC/R9 cells with 30 mM DCA in combination with 2 mM MTF resulted in a 39% decrease in the number of viable cells (p < 0.05), a 2.8-fold increase of the number of dead cells (p < 0.05), a near 2-fold decrease in the proportion of cells at the S-phase (p < 0.05), a 4-fold increase in the apoptosis (p < 0.05) and significant reduction (p < 0.05) of the mitochondrial membrane potential of tumor cells as compared to corresponding values in control. DCA alone reduced glucose consumption and lactate production rates by more than 26% (p < 0.05) and 34% (p < 0.05), respectively, whereas MTF counteracted these effects. Nevertheless, in the cells treated with both DCA and DCA in combination with MTF, the intracellular adenosine triphosphate increased by 33–35% compared with that in the control (p < 0.05). Conclusion: MTF enhanced the cytotoxic/cytostatic action of DCA against LLC/R9 cells in vitro, which points on their possible synergistic antitumor action in vivo.
Structural changes of serum albumin in response to oxidative stress caused by Walker-256 carcinosarcoma growth
Authors: Sarnatskaya V.V. , Yushko L.A. , Prokopenko I.V. , Hudenko N.V. , Maslenny V.N. , Paziuk L.M. , Bubnovskaya L.N. , Nikolaev V.G. 
Published: March 2020

Summary. Aim: To assess oxidative stress and structural changes of the serum albumin in rats with transplanted Walker-256 carcinosarcoma (W256) strains with varying sensitivity to doxorubicin (Dox). Materials and Methods: The study was performed on female Wistar rats with transplanted W256. On the 9th day after tumor cell transplantation an analysis of peripheral blood, oxidative stress para­meters, and structural changes of serum albumin of experimental animals was performed. Results: On the 9th day after W256 transplantation a significant increase in the leukocyte counts was observed in the groups of animals with the Dox-resistant and parental (Dox-sensitive) W256 tumors compared with the group of the intact animals: up to 14.24 ± 1.92 • 103/μl and 9.78 ± 1.03 • 103/μl, vs 8.92 ± 1.04 • 103/μl, respectively, due to the increase of granulocyte and monocyte counts. The number of lymphocytes was within the normal range. The level of hemoglobin and the erythrocyte counts were also within normal limits, but hematocrit in both groups of animals with tumors somewhat increased against the background of 1.2-fold elevation of the mean erythrocyte volume. In the group of rats with Dox-resistant W256, there was observed a decrease in the plateletcrit by almost 22% and thrombocyte counts — by 28%. Analysis of oxidative stress indices revealed a significant increase in the level of reactive oxygen species, 2-fold increase of malonic dialdehyde level and the degree of oxidative damage of blood plasma proteins, as well as a decrease in the activity of catalase in hemolysates (by 12–15%) in both groups of tumor-bearing rats. With the use of differential scanning calorimetry, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy we have revealed anomalous conformational changes of albumin caused by tumor development: structural rearrangements in the region of its first drug binding site located in the IIA domain, separation of globular parts of albumin molecule, and partial “opening” in a protein molecular three-domain structure resulting a loss of its thermal resistance. Conclusion: The development of transplanted Walker-256 carcinosarcoma, especially its Dox-resistant variant, results in severe metabolic intoxication reflected in alteration of hematological parameters, and indices of oxidative stress, as well as architectonic changes of serum albumin.
KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN GURU DAN MURID DALAM INTERAKSI EDUKATIF PERSPEKTIF HADRATUSYAIKH KH. HASYIM ASY’AR
Authors: RIF’AN ALI , AZIZI NOER 
Published: March 2020

This research is related to how the personal competence of Teachers and Students in the Educational Perspective Interaction of KH. Hasyim Ash'ari contained in the book Adabul Alim was Al-muta’allim. This research is in the form of library research with the content analysis used as an analysis tool. The results of the analysis of the authors that the personal competence of teachers and students in the educational interaction perspective KH. Hasyim Ash'ari is an intense and close attachment not only in the sense of being born but also inwardly (alaqah batiniyah) based on religious-ethic for the success of the teaching and learning process. There are several interaction patterns that can be developed to create educational interactions between teacher and student perspectives KH. Hasyim Ash'ari, among them, are Tazkiyatun nafs, al-Ikhlas, at-Tarahum, at-Tawadud.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini terkait dengan bagaimana kompetensi kepibadian Guru dan Murud dalam Interaksi Edukatif Perspektif KH. Hasyim Asy’ari yang tertuang dalam kitab Adabul Alim wa Al-muta’allim. Penelitian ini berbentuk library research dengan content analysis dijadikan sebagai alat analisisnya. Hasil dari analaisis penulis bahwa kompetensi kepribadian Guru dan Murid dalam interaksi edukatif perspektif KH. Hasyim Asy’ari adalah adanya keterikatan secara intens dan erat tidak hanya dalam artian secara lahir, akan tetapi juga secara batin (alaqah batiniyah) yang dilandasi religios-etich untuk keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar. Ada beberapa pola interaksi yang bisa dikembangkan untuk menciptakan interaksi edukatif antara guru dan murid perspektif KH. Hasyim Asy’ari, diantaranya adalah: Tazkiyatun nafs, al-Ikhlas, at-Tarahum, at-Tawadud.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI DINI PADA BAYI DENGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP IBU DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DI KLINIK PRATAMA ROSNI ALIZAR MEDAN
Authors: Dalima Dalimawaty 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Complementary Food for Early Breast Milk (MP-ASI) is a condition where infants aged 0-6 months are not only given breast milk, but are given additional fluids such as formula milk, oranges, honey, tea and solid foods such as bananas, milk porridge, biscuits, rice porridge, and team rice.Objective: This study was to determine the relationship of knowledge, attitudes, and family support with the provision of early breastfeeding for infants at the Pratama Rosni Alizar Clinic in Medan in 2019. Method: Design this study used an analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all mothers who have babies aged 0-6 months, as many as 30 people. Sampling using total population, that is, the entire

population is sampled. Retrieval of data using primary data using Chi-square test at a 95% confidence level. Results and Conclusions: Based on the research showing that there is a relationship between maternal knowledge and the provision of early MP-ASI in infants with the acquisition of p value = 0.027 (<0.05), there is a relationship between maternal attitudes and the provision of early MP-ASI in infants with the acquisition of p value = 0.004 (<0.05), and there is a relationship of family support with early breastfeeding for infants with the acquisition of p value = 0.042 (<0.05).Suggestion:Health workers are expected to provide information and counseling on exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to 6 months of age without providing any additional food.

Keywords : Knowledge, Attitude, Family Support, Early MP-ASI
Crystal Formation In Cultures Of Fungi : New Records From Bangladesh
Authors: Shamsi Shamim , Naher Najmun , Fatema Yasmin 
Published: March 2020

In the present study crystal formations were detected in the culture of Aspergillusniger,A. fluvus, Aspergillus sp., Bipolarissorokiniana, Cladosporium spp., Colletotrichumgloeosporioides, Colletotrichumorbiculare,Curvularia spp., Fusarium sp., Paecilomycesspp., Penicillium sp., Pestalotia sp., Pestalotiopsisguepinii, Phaeoisariopsispersonata,Trichodermaviride and seven sterile culture of fungi. Eighteen types of crystallographicstructures were detected from different fungal isolates. This is the first report offormation of crystal in fungal cultures from Bangladesh.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 59-66, June 2015