bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme Wind and Wave Predictability From Operational Forecasts at the Drake Passage
Authors: Campos Ricardo Martins , D’Agostini Andressa , França Bruna Reis Leite , Cruz Leandro Machado , Soares C. Guedes 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Drake Passage is an ocean area between South America and Antarctica with very extreme wind and wave climates. The quality of forecasts of surface winds and significant wave heights is analyzed in the present paper, in order to study the error and distribution of model uncertainties as a function of forecast range, severity, location, and numerical model. The operational metocean forecasts selected are run twice a day by the Brazilian Navy and the forecast horizon analyzed is five days. A period of 1 year (2017) is considered for the assessment. Observations consist of four satellite missions: JASON2, JASON3, CRYOSAT, and SARAL. The atmospheric models with 10-m winds are Global Forecast System (GFS) and Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic Model (icon). They are used as inputs to force the wave model WAVEWATCH III with a mosaic of two grids. Results show that under calm to moderate conditions, within the first 2 days of forecast, the wind and wave model skill is very high. However, above the 90th percentile and beyond the third forecast day, the predictability drops significantly. It highlights specific contours of forecast range versus percentiles where the wind and wave modelers should focus, in order to anticipate and to improve the predictability of extreme events at the Drake Passage.
“It’s a Lot Less Hassle and a Lot More Fun”: Factors That Sustain Teachers’ Enthusiasm for and Ability to Deliver Sport Education
Authors: Curtner-Smith Matthew D. , Kinchin Gary D. , Hastie Peter A. , Brunsdon Jamie J. , Sinelnikov Oleg A. 
Published: August 2020

Purposes: (a) To describe how more experienced and expert teachers interpreted and delivered sport education (SE) during their careers and (b) to discover and describe factors within their occupational socialization that sustained the teachers’ enthusiasm for and ability to deliver SE. Method: Participants were nine teachers. Primary data sources were formal interviews. Secondary supporting sources were documents and film. They were analyzed by employing standard interpretive methods. Credibility and trustworthiness were established through a search for discrepant and negative cases and member checking. Findings: At different times in their careers, the teachers delivered SE in one of four ways: watered down, through a cafeteria approach, the full version, and the full+ version. A number of factors from their acculturation, professional socialization, and organizational socialization enabled the teachers to deliver the full+ version or led to them delivering other versions of the model. Conclusions: The findings allow us to make practical suggestions for preservice and inservice teacher education that may help university faculty facilitate the teaching of SE.
From source to sink: Glacially eroded, Late Devonian algal “cysts” (Tasmanites) delivered to the Gulf of Mexico during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Kohl Barry , Curry B. Brandon , Miller Merrell 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The source of reworked Devonian algal “cysts” in last glacial maximum (LGM) sediment in the Gulf of Mexico is traced to their host black shales, which ring the southwestern Great Lakes. The source-to-sink pathway includes intermediate storage in fine-grained LGM glacial lacustrine sediment and till. The “cysts” are pelagic chlorophyllous algae (Tasmanites and Leiosphaeridia), collectively referred to herein as tasmanitids. Radiocarbon dates of syndepositional Gulf of Mexico foraminifera, derived from accelerator mass spectrometry, bracket the Gulf of Mexico sediment age with common tasmanitids from 28.5 ± 0.6–17.8 ± 0.2 cal kyr B.P.
Approximately 1400 km north of the Gulf of Mexico, tasmanitids are abundant in Upper Devonian black shales (New Albany, Antrim, and Ohio Shales) that ring the Michigan, Illinois, and Appalachian intracratonic basins. Tasmanitids were eroded from bedrock and incorporated in glacial sediment dating from ca. 28.0–17.6 cal kyr B.P. by the Lake Michigan, and Huron-Erie lobes of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The physical characteristics of tasmanitids are ideal for long-distance transport as suspended sediment (density: 1.1–1.3 g/cc, size ranging from 63 µm to 300 µm), and these sand-sized tasmanitids traveled with the silt-clay fraction. Thus, the source-to-sink journey of tasmanitids was initiated by subglacial erosion by water or friction, sequestering in till or glaciolacustrine sediment, re-entrainment and suspension in meltwater, and final delivery in meltwater plumes to the Gulf of Mexico. River routes included the Mississippi, Illinois, Ohio, Wabash, Kaskaskia, and many of their tributaries.
Reworked Devonian tasmanitids are a previously unrecognized link between their occurrence in deep-water deposits of the Gulf of Mexico and the late Wisconsin glacial history of the Upper Mississippi Valley. We propose that tracking occurrences of tasmanitid concentrations from the source area to sink, along with adjunct proxies such as clay minerals, will facilitate a more refined analysis of the timing and duration of megafloods. This study also demonstrates that isotopically dead carbon, from reworked Devonian tasmanitid “cysts,” can contaminate radiocarbon dating of LGM bulk sediment samples toward older ages.
Painful thoracic swelling in a refugee teenager
Authors: Occhipinti Alessandro Agostino , Di Bella Stefano , Degrassi Ferruccio , Tornese Gianluca , Cova Maria Assunta , Barbi Egidio 
Published: August 2020

CaseA 14-year-old refugee, escaping from a Middle East war zone, was admitted with a 3-month history of chest pain and a 2-week history of sternal swelling. The patient had no previous medical history, but reported having been beaten by a policeman at a border at the beginning of his journey. He did not have the following symptoms: cough, wheezing fever, weight loss and sweating. When he was admitted to the hospital, he was afebrile; blood pressure was 120/70 mm Hg, pulse 95 beats per minute and oxygen saturation 97% while breathing ambient air. On physical examination, there was a 10 cm fluctuating swelling in the sternal region. The lesion was reddish, warm, tender and painful (figure 1). Digital clubbing was also noticed. The remaining examination was normal. White blood cell count was 9000 cells per mm3, haemoglobin 145 g/L, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein were normal as well as renal and liver function tests. ECG was regular.Figure 1Swelling in the sternal region.Question 1Based on the clinical picture, laboratory tests and history, what is the most likely diagnosis?Chest wall tuberculosisLymphomaThoracic actinomycosisInfected haematomaQuestion 2Which is the best diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?Ultrasound scanMRICTChest radiographQuestion 3What is the mainstay of the management of this condition?Drainage of the abscessAntitubercular chemotherapyAspiration of the abscess and antitubercular chemotherapyHyperbaric oxygen therapyAnswers can be found on page 02.
Fifteen-minute consultation: A practical approach to remote consultations for paediatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Galway Niamh , Stewart Gemma , Maskery Julia , Bourke Thomas , Lundy Claire Teresa 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveThis practical approach to the use of telehealth aims to offer clinicians a framework for video and telephone interactions with children and families accessing healthcare.DesignUsing a standardised case to illustrate how video and telephone consultations can be used during the COVID-19 pandemic.SettingThe emergence of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is having a massive impact on society. Routine face-to-face consultations were reduced to reduce potential spread of the virus. Clinicians still need to provide ongoing safe care, particularly for more complex patients. Telehealth is the delivery of healthcare services across geographical barriers using information and communication technologies to improve health outcomes.InterventionIn this article, we describe a ‘How to’ approach to using virtual consultations based on our experience and a review of expert guidelines.ConclusionVirtual consultations can be more convenient and have the potential to improve access for patients. Many have embraced these technologies for the first time during this pandemic.
Does caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy increase the risk for adverse outcome in the second? A registry-based cohort study on first and second singleton births in Norway
Authors: Bjellmo Solveig , Andersen Guro L , Hjelle Sissel , Klungsøyr Kari , Krebs Lone , Lydersen Stian , Romundstad Pål Richard , Vik Torstein 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo explore if newborns in the second pregnancy following a previous caesarean delivery (CD) have higher risk of perinatal mortality or cerebral palsy than newborns in pregnancies following a previous vaginal delivery (VD).DesignCohort study with information from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and the Cerebral Palsy Registry of Norway.SettingBirths in Norway.Participants294 598 women with their first and second singleton delivery during 1996–2015.Main outcome measuresStillbirth, perinatal mortality, neonatal mortality and cerebral palsy.ResultsAmong 294 598 included women, 42 962 (15%) had a CD in their first pregnancy while 251 636 (85%) had a VD. Compared with the second delivery of mothers with a previous VD, the adjusted OR (adjOR), for stillbirth in the second pregnancy following a previous CD was 1.45, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.73; for perinatal death the adjOR was 1.42 (1.22 to 1.73) and for neonatal death 1.13 (0.86 to 1.49). Among children who survived the neonatal period, the adjOR for cerebral palsy was 1.27 (0.99 to 1.64). Secondary outcomes, including small for gestational age, preterm and very preterm birth, uterine rupture and placental complications (eg, postpartum haemorrhage and pre-eclampsia) were more frequent in the subsequent pregnancy following a previous CD compared with a previous VD, in particular for uterine rupture adjOR 86.7 (48.2 to 156.1). Adjustment for potential confounders attenuated the ORs somewhat, but the excess risk in the second pregnancy persisted for all outcomes.ConclusionA previous CD was in this study associated with increased risk for stillbirth and perinatal death compared with a previous VD. Although less robust, we also found that a previous CD was associated with a slightly increased risk of cerebral palsy among children surviving the neonatal period. The aetiology behind these associations needs further investigation.
Association between concussion education and concussion knowledge, beliefs and behaviours among youth ice hockey parents and coaches: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Black Amanda M. , Yeates Keith Owen , Babul Shelina , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesTo examine the association between self-reported exposure to concussion education and knowledge, beliefs and self-reported behaviour among parents and coaches of youth ice hockey players.DesignCross-sectional.SettingCommunity ice hockey teams from Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ParticipantsParents and coaches of ice hockey players (ages 11–17, all divisions of play).Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants completed a questionnaire developed and validated to measure concussion knowledge, beliefs and concussion management behaviour (ie, coaches removing athletes from play; parents taking children with suspected concussions to physicians) consistent with the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). The questionnaire examined specific HAPA constructs (ie, risk perception, outcome expectancies, action self-efficacy, intention, action planning, maintenance self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy) relevant to concussion management behaviour.ResultsParticipants included 786 parents (31.8% with coaching experience) and 10 non-parent coaches. Of the participants, 649 (82.6%) previously received concussion education. Based on a multivariable regression analysis adjusting for coaching experience, previous history of a child sustaining one or more concussions, first aid experience and cluster by team, exposure to concussion education was associated with a mean score difference of 1.36 (95% CI 0.68 to 2.03), p<0.0001, in the knowledge score. Exposure to concussion education was not significantly associated with any of the HAPA constructs based on Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.ConclusionExposure to concussion education may be associated with small overall differences in concussion knowledge but may not be associated with significant differences in beliefs or intended behaviours related to concussion management among youth hockey parents and coaches.When providing education or recommendations for concussion education sources to coaches and parents, educational strategies grounded in behavioural change theory that specifically target the motivators of behavioural change should be considered.
Sinusoidal dilatation and congestion in post-transplant liver biopsies from patients presenting with transaminitis
Authors: Bakshi Neha , Rastogi Archana , Pamecha Viniyendra , Bihari Chhagan 
Published: August 2020

AimsSinusoidal dilatation and congestion (SDC) in liver biopsy may be obstructive (due to venous outflow impairment) or non-obstructive in nature. The significance of this finding in the post-liver transplant setting remains unexplored.MethodsWe herein retrospectively analysed all post-transplant liver biopsies showing SDC and examined histopathological features in detail. Association with transaminitis and concurrent graft rejection was assessed.ResultsA total of 30 post-transplant liver biopsies from 27 patients showed SDC with atrophy of hepatocyte cords (SDC; incidence 7.4%). All patients had transaminitis. Most patients (n=22; 81.5%) were asymptomatic with deranged liver function tests (LFTs) detected during routine follow-up, raising clinical suspicion of graft rejection. SDC was non-obstructive in 19 (70.4%) and obstructive (due to sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS)) in 8 (29.6%) cases. The incidence of SOS was 2%. SDC was mild, moderate and severe in 18 (66.7%), 7 (25.9%) and 2 (7.4%) cases, respectively. Perivenular and centrilobular sinusoidal fibrosis was seen in the obstructive SDC group (n=3, 11.1%). Concurrent graft rejection was present in 7 (25.9%) cases, of which acute cellular rejection comprised 5 (18.5%), and late acute rejection accounted for 2 cases (7.4%). Serum tacrolimus levels ranged from normal (n=14) to below and above normal (n=5 each). Modulation of immunosuppressive therapy led to normalisation of LFTs in one patient.ConclusionObstructive and non-obstructive SDC in post-liver transplant patients presenting with transaminitis mimics graft rejection clinically and may represent a form of drug-induced liver injury. Liver biopsy plays a crucial role in the diagnosis.
Anti-tumor effects of NK cells and anti-PD-L1 antibody with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines
Authors: Park Ji-Eun , Kim Seong-Eun , Keam Bhumsuk , Park Ha-Ram , Kim Soyeon , Kim Miso , Kim Tae Min , Doh Junsang , Kim Dong-Wan , Heo Dae Seog 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundAlthough programmed cell death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors show remarkable antitumor activity, a large portion of patients with cancer, even those with high PD-L1-expressing tumors, do not respond to their effects. Most PD-L1 inhibitors contain modified fragment crystallizable region (Fc) receptor binding sites to prevent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against PD-L1-expressing non-tumor cells. However, natural killer (NK) cells have specific antitumor activity in the presence of tumor-targeting antibody through ADCC, which could enhance NK cell-induced cytotoxicity. We evaluated the antitumor efficacy of ADCC via anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and NK cells against several PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines.MethodsVarious cancer cell lines were used as target cell lines. Surface PD-L1 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. IMC-001 and anti-hPD-L1-hIgG1 were tested as anti-PD-L1 mAbs with ADCC and atezolizumab as an anti-PD-L1 mAb without ADCC. NK cell cytotoxicity was measured by 51Cr-release assay and CD107a degranulation assay. Also, live cell imaging was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity in a single-cell level. NK-92-CD16 (CD16-transduced NK-92 cell line) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors, respectively, were used as an effector cell. FcγRIIIa (CD16a)-V158F genotyping was performed for healthy donors.ResultsWe demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of NK-92-CD16 cells toward PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines was significantly enhanced in the presence of anti-PD-L1 mAb with ADCC. We also noted a significant increase in primary human NK cell cytotoxicity against PD-L1-positive human cancer cells when cocultured with anti-PD-L1 mAb with ADCC. Moreover, NK cells expressing a FCGR3A high-affinity genotype displayed higher anti-PD-L1 mAb-mediated ADCC lysis of tumor cells than donors with a low-affinity genotype.ConclusionThese results suggest that NK cells induce an ADCC response in combination with anti-PD-L1 mAbs, which helps promote ADCC antitumor activity against PD-L1-positive tumors. This study provides support for NK cell immunotherapy against high PD-L1-expressing tumors in combination with ADCC through anti-PD-L1 mAbs.
Pancreatolithiasis in a cat with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Chilla Almuth , Fischer Anneke , Neumann Stephan 
Published: August 2020

SUMMARYPancreatolithiasis has been described in humans and cattle. In cats, only three reports have documented the condition so far. In humans, pancreatolithiasis is associated with chronic pancreatitis, whereas in cattle, the condition is asymptomatic. In humans, decreased pancreatic stone protein (PSP) levels may promote the crystallisation and deposition of calcium carbonate.This case report describes a cat with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatolithiasis. The mechanism of pancreatolith formation in cats remains unclear because we have paucity of information about this condition in cats. Compared with humans, pancreatolithiasis seems to be more common than in cats. Determining the consequences of chronic pancreatitis in cats requires an investigation of feline PSP and other factors. This might reduce the risk of pancreatoliths.
Embryo development is impaired in goats that are treated for hydrometra and subsequently subjected to superovulation
Authors: Maia Ana Lucia R S , Arrais Aline M , Prellwitz Lucia , Batista Ribrio I T P , Figueira Lucas M , Correia Lucas F L , Fonseca Jeferson F , Souza‐Fabjan Joanna M G 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundReproductive efficiency after hydrometra (HD) treatment is usually unsatisfactory.MethodsTo identify mechanisms involved in low reproductive efficiency of HD‐treated goats, pluriparous dairy goats treated for HD (n=10, HD) or with no reproductive disorders (n=11, control: CONT) were induced to oestrus and superovulated. Goats were mated with fertile bucks and seven days after oestrus, non‐surgical embryo recovery was performed. Embryos were evaluated and gene expression was performed.ResultsThere were no differences (P>0.05) in sexual behaviour parameters, superovulation response, mean number of retrieved structures and viable embryos between groups; although embryo recovery rate was higher (P=0.01) in CONT group. Structures in delayed stage (8–16 cells) were more frequent (P<0.05) in HD (29 vs 1 per cent) goats, as well as the percentage of advanced embryos was greater (P<0.05) for CONT (59.3 vs 33.3 per cent) goats. However, the expression of genes related to apoptosis (BAX and Bcl‐2), trophectoderm differentiation (CDX2) and pluripotency maintenance (NANOG) was not affected (P>0.05) in embryos that reached the morulae and blastocyst stages.ConclusionAlthough the HD embryos that developed to morula and blastocyst stages showed no change in the expression of genes related to their quality and implantation capacity, overall, embryo development was impaired in HD‐treated goats.
Infiltration by IL22-Producing T Cells Promotes Neutrophil Recruitment and Predicts Favorable Clinical Outcome in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tosti Nadia , Cremonesi Eleonora , Governa Valeria , Basso Camilla , Kancherla Venkatesh , Coto-Llerena Mairene , Amicarella Francesca , Weixler Benjamin , Däster Silvio , Sconocchia Giuseppe , Majno Pietro Edoardo , Christoforidis Dimitri , Tornillo Luigi , Terracciano Luigi , Ng Charlotte K.Y. , Piscuoglio Salvatore , von Flüe Markus , Spagnoli Giulio , Eppenberger-Castori Serenella , Iezzi Giandomenica , Droeser Raoul Andre 
Published: August 2020

AbstractImmune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer effectively predicts clinical outcome. IL22, produced by immune cells, plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease, but its relevance in colorectal cancer remains unclear. Here, we addressed the prognostic significance of IL22+ cell infiltration in colorectal cancer and its effects on the composition of tumor microenvironment. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were stained with an IL22-specific mAb, and positive immune cells were counted by expert pathologists. Results were correlated with clinicopathologic data and overall survival (OS). Phenotypes of IL22-producing cells were assessed by flow cytometry on cell suspensions from digested specimens. Chemokine production was evaluated in vitro upon colorectal cancer cell exposure to IL22, and culture supernatants were used to assess neutrophil migration in vitro. Evaluation of a testing (n = 425) and a validation TMA (n = 89) revealed that high numbers of IL22 tumor-infiltrating immune cells were associated with improved OS in colorectal cancer. Ex vivo analysis indicated that IL22 was produced by CD4+ and CD8+ polyfunctional T cells, which also produced IL17 and IFNγ. Exposure of colorectal cancer cells to IL22 promoted the release of the neutrophil-recruiting chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3 and enhanced neutrophil migration in vitro. Combined survival analysis revealed that the favorable prognostic significance of IL22 in colorectal cancer relied on the presence of neutrophils and was enhanced by T-cell infiltration. Altogether, colorectal cancer–infiltrating IL22-producing T cells promoted a favorable clinical outcome by recruiting beneficial neutrophils capable of enhancing T-cell responses.