bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizure‐like events leading to hospital referrals in infants: A retrospective population‐based study
Authors: Heggstad Norvald , Hafström Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo identify the aetiology and outcome of seizure‐like events leading to hospital referrals in infants and to identify early predictors of epilepsy and delayed neurodevelopment.MethodsThis Norwegian population‐based study focused on all children born in Sør‐Trøndelag county, who were up to one year of age in 2014‐2015. They were identified by diagnostic codes for seizure‐like events and electroencephalography (EEG) examinations. Hospital records were examined up to 1.5 years of age.ResultsThe one‐year prevalence of seizure‐like events was 1.5% (114/7430). Epilepsy was diagnosed in 17%, 57% had non‐epileptic paroxysmal events (NEPE), 16% had febrile seizures, and 10% had other acute symptomatic epileptic seizures. Neurodevelopmental delay occurred in 21%. The cumulative incidence was 0.22% for epilepsy and 0.79% for NEPE. Abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging, abnormal first EEGs and neonatal care increased the likelihood of epilepsy and delayed development. Identifying situation‐related factors decreased the epilepsy risk. Occurrence at a younger age increased the risk of delayed development. Absence of unambiguous motor symptoms was less common in epilepsy than in NEPE.ConclusionSeizure‐like events were common in infants and most were not caused by epilepsy. Specific anamnestic clues, and detailed descriptions of the entire event, helped to predict adverse outcomes.
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism in Egyptian vitiligo patients
Authors: Saudi Wael M. , Swelam Mervat M. , El‐Barbary Rasha A. H. , Zakaria Lola , Gaber Dalia A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is an autoimmune dermatological disorder, precipitated by genetic and nongenetic factors leading to destruction of epidermal melanocytes. In Egypt, it has a prevalence rate of 1.2%. Vitamin D has stimulatory and protective effects on melanocytes and acts through its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) on target cells. The consequences of polymorphisms in VDR have been previously studied for mapping their link with various disorders of autoimmune etiology.Aim of this workTo study Apa‐I and Taq‐I VDR single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk to develop vitiligo.MethodsExtracted genomic DNA from the venous blood of 60 patients and controls was amplified and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) for analysis of VDR gene polymorphisms. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25‐OH‐D3) level was measured using ELISA technique.ResultsThe most common VDR genotypes were AA and TT among both groups with no significant difference. Analysis of the frequency of combinations of genotypes revealed AATT as the most common among patients (36.7%) while in the control group, AATt is the most common (33.3%) but no significant difference was noted on comparison of both groups. The genotype allele tt appeared to be more expressed in patients with marginal significance value (P 0.053). Serum 25‐OH‐D3 showed a relatively decreased level among patients and controls with no statistically significant difference.ConclusionAlthough VDR SNPs are not correlated with vitiligo, the elevated frequency of tt genotype among vitiligo patients may suggest the risk to develop the disease.
Spray Flame Characteristics of Bio-Derived Fuels in a Simulated Gas Turbine Burner
Authors: Panchasara Heena , Kolhe Pankaj S. , Agrawal Ajay K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fuel injection plays an important role in liquid-fueled gas turbine combustion. The strong interdependence of liquid breakup and atomization, turbulent dispersion of these droplets, droplet evaporation, and fuel–air mixing make the spray modeling an extremely challenging task. The physical processes are even more difficult to predict for alternative fuels with different thermophysical properties. In this study, spray flames of unheated and preheated vegetable oil (VO) produced by an air-blast (AB) atomizer in a swirl stabilized combustor are investigated experimentally. Phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) is used to measure the instantaneous diameter and axial velocity of droplets at different axial and radial locations in both flames. Experiments are conducted at an equivalence ratio of 0.79 and atomizing air to liquid ratio by a mass of 2.5 to obtain stable VO flames. Radial profiles of mean axial velocity and Sauter mean diameter (SMD) are presented to show the effect of fuel preheating. Joint probability density functions (joint PDF) are presented to show the correlation between droplet diameter and axial velocity. Results are analyzed to show that both sprays exhibit self-similar droplet diameter distributions at different axial and radial locations when normalized properly. Thus, the vast amount of PDPA data in the spray can be reduced to simple distribution functions. A method to reconstruct the joint PDF from experimentally determined distribution functions is presented. We envision that the joint PDF approach outlined in this study could be implemented in high-fidelity computational fluid dynamic models to improve spray predictions in future studies.
ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ ПРИ ПЕРВИННОМУ ЕПІЗОДІ БІПОЛЯРНОГО АФЕКТИВНОГО РОЗЛАДУ
Authors: Mysula Yu. I. 
Published: July 2020

Мета: вивчити особливості якості життя у хворих із первинним епізодом біполярного афективного розладу (БАР) з урахуванням статі та клінічного варіанта дебюту захворювання.
Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 153 хворих (65 чоловіків та 88 жінок) із первинним епізодом біполярного афективного розладу протягом 2011–2016 рр. з використанням шкали якості життя Mezzich в адаптації Н. О. Марути.
Результати. Встановлено низькі показники якості життя при депресивному варіанті первинного епізоду БАР за всіма сферами: суб᾽єктивного благополуччя/задоволеності – (7,04±2,52) бала у всіх хворих, (7,86±2,80) бала у чоловіків і (6,56±2,21) бала у жінок (р<0,05), виконання соціальних ролей – (13,68±4,89) бала, (15,18±4,29) бала і (12,80±5,03) бала (р<0,05), зовнішніх життєвих умов – (16,11±5,73) бала, (17,34±5,47) бала і (15,39±5,78) бала (р>0,05), а також сумарного показника якості життя – (36,83±12,52) бала, (40,39±12,03) бала і (34,75±12,41) бала (р<0,05). У хворих із маніакальним варіантом показники за всіма сферами є високими: відповідно (26,91±3,64) бала, (28,07±2,96) бала і (24,75±3,99) бала (р<0,05); (36,78±3,91) бала, (38,20±3,10) бала і (34,13±4,05) бала (р<0,05); (26,70±3,10) бала, (27,80±2,91) бала і (24,63±2,39) бала (р<0,05) та (90,39±10,35) бала, (94,07±8,79) бала і (83,50±9,96) бала (р<0,05), а при змішаному варіанті – помірними: відповідно (6,91±4,30) бала, (8,50±4,76) бала і (5,00±3,08) бала (р>0,05); (13,09±6,55) бала, (15,67±7,37) бала і (10,00±4,18) бала (р>0,05); (13,91±4,46) бала, (16,00±3,85) бала і (11,40±4,10) бала (р>0,05) та (33,91±14,96) бала, (40,17±15,78) бала і (26,40±10,92) бала (р>0,05).
Висновки. При депресивному варіанті первинного епізоду БАР виявлено низьку, а при маніакальному – високу самооцінку якості життя за всіма сферами, що зумовлено впливом актуального стану афективної сфери. При змішаному варіанті первинного епізоду виявлено помірні показники якості життя, що пов’язано з поліморфністю клінічних проявів та нестійкістю психоемоційного стану. У жінок показники якості життя за основними сферами нижчі, ніж у чоловіків, що пов’язано з більшою вираженістю депресивних проявів.
Gender Equality at the Test of Sharia Councils in the UK
Authors: Perreau Louisa 
Published: July 2020

As the saying goes ‘good girls go to heaven, bad girls go everywhere!’, whose origin is uncertain, sometimes attributed to American actress and screenwriter Mae West, sometimes to editor-in-chief of Cosmopolitan magazine, Helen Gurvey Brown, it was taken up as a slogan by feminists who denounce the sexual norm imposed on women by religions. At a time when the influence of religious fundamentalism on State policies seems to be gaining ground (retreat on abortion laws in the United States, in Poland; Sharia courts in Great Britain, etc.), the object of this research note will be to question the articulations between British Muslim women, State multiculturalism and legislation.
In Britain, since the 1980s, a network of sharia councils has developed to resolve disputes between Muslims, including resolving family problems. Sharia councils thus reveal the place of Muslim women in the United Kingdom on the issue of divorce. Extremely patriarchal, rarely feminist, often undemocratic, the sharia councils appear as places of power. The latter are often compared to Islamic courts, so-called ‘counseling’ religious services or ‘Islamic family services’ to which Muslims wishing to respect divine law and their religious precepts go – especially women. What does this mean for British Muslim women who use these services? How is the British government responding?
Complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with type 2 diabetes living in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Radwan Hadia , Hasan Hayder , Hamadeh Rena , Hashim Mona , AbdulWahid Zeenat , Hassanzadeh Gerashi Mahboobeh , Al Hilali Marwa , Naja Farah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients is increasing to manage the complexities of their condition, enhance their health, and ease complications. The burden of T2DM in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) coupled with the high prevalence of CAM use and its associated risks among patients with T2DM necessitated the investigation of the use of CAM by this patients’ population. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence, types, and correlates of CAM use among T2DM patients in the UAE.MethodsPatients with T2DM attending the outpatient clinics in the two governmental hospitals in Dubai and Sharjah, UAE were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with participants to complete a multi-component questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised of three main sections: demographic data, diabetes-related information, and CAM use details. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the prevalence and correlates of CAM use.ResultsTwo hundred forty-four T2DM patients completed the questionnaire (response rate: 80%). A total of 39.3% of participants were CAM users since diagnosis. After adjustment; the logistic regression results showed that CAM use was significantly associated with age, sex, education, employment, and having health insurance. The most commonly used type of CAM by participants were folk foods and herbs followed by spiritual and natural healing and vitamins and minerals supplements. The majority of CAM users were referred or encouraged to use CAM by family (42.7%), friends (25%) or social media (17.7%). Only 13.5% of participants used CAM because it was suggested by health care practitioners. Only 1 in four of CAM users disclosed CAM use to their treating physician.ConclusionCAM use among T2DM patients in the UAE is considerably high. Health policy and decision-makers are encouraged to dedicate particular attention to facilitating proper regulation and integration of CAM within conventional medicine to protect the health and wellbeing of patients. A concerted effort by medical schools and public health authorities should be committed to educating health care providers and patients on the safe and effective use of CAM therapies.
3D seismic imaging of the submarine slide blocks on the North Slope, Alaska
Authors: Bhattacharya Shuvajit , Verma Sumit , Rotzien Jonathan R. 
Published: July 2020

Submarine landslides are mass movements that transport sediment across the continental shelf to the deep ocean. This phenomenon happens when the shear stress exceeds the frictional resistance of the slope. We analyze a variety of seismic attributes to interpret large submarine slide blocks on the North Slope, Alaska. Results show that the slide blocks appear as mounds with scarps associated with them on the seismic section. The slide blocks vary in size, depending on their distance away from the shelf. The pattern of the slide blocks affects the overlying sedimentation. Geological feature: Submarine slide blocks Seismic appearance: Mound-like steep ramp and scarp characteristics on seismic sections; blocky and irregular features with sharp boundaries on the horizon slices and seismic attributes Features with similar appearance: Mass-transport deposits; Remnant blocks; Reef deposits; Submarine channels; Gullies Formation: Torok Formation Age: Cretaceous Location: North Slope, Alaska Seismic data: Obtained from the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas, through the tax-credit program ( State of Alaska, 2017 , http://dggs.alaska.gov/gmc/seismic-well-data.php ) Analysis tools: Seismic attributes (such as coherent energy, Sobel-filter similarity, dip magnitude, and dip azimuth) and geobody extraction
Impact Assessment of Farm Tractor Engine Fuel Injector Damage on Engine Oil Properties
Authors: Gołębiowski Wojciech , Zając Grzegorz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is justified that the problems related to changes in physico-chemical properties, concentration of trace elements in lubricat-ing oil and the impact of these changes and their dynamics on vehicle structural elements should be considered in detail. It is important that empirical data, theoretical relationships and test results should be taken into account. The paper presents re-search results of the selected physico-chemical parameters and the content of metals in samples of the used engine oil. The samples were collected both after the fuel system failure and during the operation of the farm tractor according to the date of changing engine oil assumed by the producer. An instrumental chemical analysis method HDXRF was used to determine chang-es of the content of trace elements Fe, Sn, Cu, Pb, P, Zn, Ca in engine oil. Additionally, changes in physico-chemical properties were determined with the use of FT-IR spectrometry. Courses of these changes were analysed on account of their impact on the utility properties of the engine oil.
Aufschlussreich, wenn gut gebaut: Die Zuverlässigkeit des unzuverlässigen Erzählens bei Perutz, Lernet-Holenia und Hesse
Authors: Waszak Tomasz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper investigates a specific period in the history of unreliable narration, or, more precisely, of its mimetic variation that is based on ontological misinformation. Using the example of three German-language literary texts of classical modernism, the functions and conditions of success of the literary device in question are analyzed. A comparison of the interpretation of reality offered by the texts allows for the construction of a cultural-historical tendency of development; however, the examined texts seem to position themselves chronologically in a retrograde manner to that tendency. Reasons for this paradox are explained in regards to the – particularly political – functionalization of the myth in classical modernism. The analysis of the requirements for a successful deception of the recipient is based on three narratological criteria. An examination of how these criteria are (or are not) met in the chosen texts reveals a need for more terminological refinement and additionally inspires a fundamental reinterpretation of one of the case examples.
On the Limits of Macroprudential Policy
Authors: Kolasa Marcin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper studies how macroprudential policy tools applied to the housing market can complement the interest rate-based monetary policy in achieving one additional stabilization objective, defined as keeping either economic activity or credit at some exogenous (and possibly time-varying) levels. We show analytically in a canonical New Keynesian model with housing and collateral constraints that using the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, tax on credit or tax on property as additional policy instruments does not resolve the inflation-output volatility tradeoff. Perfect targeting of inflation and credit with monetary and macroprudential policy is possible only if the role of housing debt in the economy is sufficiently small. The identified limits to the considered policies are related to their predominantly intertemporal impact on decisions made by financially constrained agents, making them poor complements to monetary policy, which also operates at an intertemporal margin. These limits can be overcome if macroprudential policy is instead designed such that it sufficiently redistributes income between savers and borrowers.
Updating Awareness and Information Aggregation
Authors: Galanis Spyros , Kotronis Stelios 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The ability of markets to aggregate information through prices is examined in a dynamic environment with unawareness. We find that if all traders are able to minimally update their awareness when they observe a price that is counterfactual to their private information, they will eventually reach an agreement, thus generalising the result of Geanakoplos and Polemarchakis (1982). Moreover, if the traded security is separable, then agreement is on the correct price and there is information aggregation, thus generalizing the result of Ostrovsky (2012) for non-strategic traders. We find that a trader increases her awareness if and only if she is able to become aware of something that other traders are already aware of and, under a mild condition, never becomes aware of anything more. In other words, agreement is more the result of understanding each other, rather than being unboundedly sophisticated.
Meereswind oder regionale Sonne?
Authors: Hutter Ralf 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Im Streit um große Stromtrassen von Nord- nach Süddeutschland, der auch die Energiewende-Bewegung spaltet, geht es letztendlich um die Grundsatzfrage, wie das weitere Voranschreiten der Energiewende vonstattengehen soll: Soll der Fokus auf großen Windparks im Meer liegen oder auf möglichst regionaler Stromerzeugung? Dieser Artikel beschreibt, dass der Stromtrassenbau auf absehbare Zeit dem deutschen Modell des Strommarkts und dem europäischen Energiehandel geschuldet ist und dass die Kritik an den Trassen deshalb gerechtfertigt ist. Die Hauptargumente der Gegenseite, die die Trassen als nötig für die europäische Energiewende ansieht, werden ebenfalls erwähnt. Nach Hinweisen auf die Diskussion über regionale Strommärkte und die aktuelle Rückkehr der Solarenergie wird als weiterer Aspekt das Gerechtigkeitsproblem dargestellt, dass ländliche Regionen mit wenig Strombedarf unter dem immer größeren Stromhunger der Metropolen leiden, weil sie den Raum für Strominfrastruktur bereitstellen müssen.
Die Angst vor der Katastrophe macht noch keine bessere Zukunft
Authors: Maier Jürgen 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Wie sehr taugen Katastrophenszenarien, um politisch wirksame Mehrheiten für eine andere Politik zu gewinnen? In Zeiten wachsender sozialer Polarisierung treiben große Teile der Bevölkerung andere Fragen um als Klimaschutz. Mit einem „Green New Deal“ Neoliberalismus und Klimakrise gleichzeitig anzugehen, ist daher ein zukunftsfähiger Weg. Damit können auseinanderdriftende Gesellschaften wieder zusammengebracht werden, sowohl politisch als auch ökonomisch. Die Kosten für den Klimaschutz dürfen nicht „gleichmäßig auf alle“ verteilt werden, sondern müssen zu einer Umverteilung von oben nach unten beitragen. Der Green Deal der EU-Kommission ist der falsche Weg, weil er Klimaschutz als renditebringendes Anlageobjekt für Investoren vorsieht, mit dem es eine „just transition“ für Anleger gibt, aber nicht für arbeitende Menschen.
Systematische Verankerung von Klimaschutz-Themen in lokalen Bildungslandschaften?
Authors: Ahlke Josef , Paust-Lassen Pia 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
In vielen zivilgesellschaftlichen Initiativen und Projekten werden Ideen und innovative praktische Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz und zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung seit einigen Jahren umgesetzt. Spätestens seit der UN-Konferenz in Rio 1992 mit den Beschlüssen zur Agenda 21 (UNCED), der Weltkonferenz 2002 in Johannesburg (WSSD) und der UN-Konferenz 2012 in Rio wird der Aspekt der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) ausdrücklich hervorgehoben. BNE ist ebenso Bestandteil des Pariser Abkommens zum Klimaschutz (im Artikel 12). – Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung ist dringender denn je. Der Klimawandel als globale Herausforderung verlangt nach sofortiger Veränderung unserer Lebensstile und einer Transformation unseres Denkens und Handelns. Bildungssysteme müssen auf diese Herausforderungen reagieren und relevante Handlungsfelder und Inhalte definieren, die Selbstwirksamkeit der Lernenden durch pädagogische Methoden erreichen und in ihren Bildungsinstitutionen die Prinzipien der Nachhaltigkeit auch in die Management-Strukturen integrieren. Dennoch kann beobachtet werden, dass bislang eine systematische Verankerung von BNE und Klimaschutzbildung nur sporadisch zu finden sind. Für eine wirksame Bildung zur Umsetzung der Nachhaltigkeitsziele (SDG, Agenda 2030; Education for Sustainable Development/ESD) ist eine Weiterentwicklung der vielen guten Projektansätze zu transformativer Bildung notwendig. Dies ist nur über eine kontinuierliche Verankerung mit finanzieller Grundausstattung für die lokalen und kommunalen Bildungslandschaften erreichbar.
A simple quad-band printed diversity antenna with high isolation without extra structure
Authors: Imani Azadeh , Bayati Mohammad Sajjad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper a Quad-band diversity antenna with a small size of 48 × 28 × 0.8 mm3 printed on FR4 substrate is presented that consists of two same pentagonal-shaped patch elements. Four arc-shaped slots in the radiating elements are introduced to obtain the quad-band operation with good return loss. The antenna is designed for covering 5.91 GHz in IEEE 802.11 b/g/n standards, 7.40 GHz in C-Band, 9.18 and 10.72 GHz in X-Band. To achieve the lowest coupling between two elements, three structures for embedding elements are investigated. The prototype is fabricated, and measured results are in good agreement with simulated results. The final antenna accomplishes a weak mutual coupling below −29.2 dB in the all operational bands. Radiation characteristics, radiation efficiency and diversity performance such as diversity gain and envelope correlation coefficient of the final structure, are presented.