bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Sensory Symptoms, Mulder’s Sign, and Dynamic Ultrasonographic Findings in Morton’s Neuroma
Authors: Padua Luca , Coraci Daniele , Gatto Dario Mattia , Glorioso Davide , Lodispoto Fabio 
Published: August 2020

Background: Morton’s neuroma (MN) is often a diagnostic dilemma lacking a gold standard set of diagnostic criteria. Advanced imaging of MN is evolving including ultrasonography. The current study aimed to analyze the relationship between ultrasonographic findings and symptoms, clinical data, and operative findings in a subgroup of patients. Methods: We evaluated physical examination, ultrasonographic findings, symptoms, and in a subgroup, the operative findings for Morton’s neuroma. We analyzed the symptoms, the findings on physical examination, and ultrasonography data and performed a statistical correlation between them. A total of 175 patients were seen for suspected Morton’s neuroma during the last 7 years. Results: Neuropathic pain of the toes was reported in 63% of patients. Presence of ultrasonographic findings suggesting Morton’s neuroma was observed in 77% of cases. A mild significant relationship between neuropathic pain and positive ultrasonographic findings was observed. We found a strong correlation between ultrasonographic and clinical evaluation, but more than half with clinical negative Morton’s neuroma had positive findings at ultrasonography. In the subgroup of operatively treated patients (n = 44) surgery confirmed Morton’s neuroma in all patients who had positive ultrasonography findings. Conclusions: The current study suggests that the association of ultrasonographic evaluation and clinical evaluation can be very useful for the management of Morton’s neuroma. Our study could help with the development of a multiperspective approach in the diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort survey study.
Classification and Nomenclature: Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity
Authors: Myerson Mark S. , Thordarson David B. , Johnson Jeffrey E. , Hintermann Beat , Sangeorzan Bruce J. , Deland Jonathan T. , Schon Lew C. , Ellis Scott J. , de Cesar Netto Cesar 
Published: August 2020

Recommendation: The historical nomenclature for the adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is confusing, at times called posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD), the adult flexible flatfoot deformity, posterior tibial tendon rupture, peritalar instability and peritalar subluxation (PTS), and progressive talipes equinovalgus. Many but not all of these deformities are associated with a rupture of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT), and some of these are associated with deformities either primarily or secondarily in the midfoot or ankle. There is similar inconsistency with the use of classification schemata for these deformities, and from the first introduced by Johnson and Strom (1989), and then modified by Myerson (1997), there have been many attempts to provide a more comprehensive classification system. However, although these newer more complete classification systems have addressed some of the anatomic variations of deformities encountered, none of the above have ever been validated. The proposed system better incorporates the most recent data and understanding of the condition and better allows for standardization of reporting. In light of this information, the consensus group proposes the adoption of the nomenclature “Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity” (PCFD) and a new classification system aiming at summarizing recent data published on the subject and to standardize data reporting regarding this complex 3-dimensional deformity. Level of Evidence: Level V, consensus, expert opinion. Consensus Statements Voted: CONSENSUS STATEMENT ONE: We will rename the condition to Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity (PCFD), a complex 3-dimensional deformity with varying degrees of hindfoot valgus, forefoot abduction, and midfoot varus. Delegate vote: agree, 100% (9/9); disagree, 0%; abstain, 0%. (Unanimous, strongest consensus) CONSENSUS STATEMENT TWO: Our current classification systems are incomplete or outdated. Delegate vote: agree, 100% (9/9); disagree, 0%; abstain, 0%. (Unanimous, strongest consensus) CONSENSUS STATEMENT THREE: MRI findings should be part of a new classification system. Delegate vote: agree, 33% (3/9); disagree, 67% (6/9); abstain, 0%. (Weak negative consensus) CONSENSUS STATEMENT FOUR: Weightbearing CT (WBCT) findings should be part of a new classification system. Delegate vote: agree, 56% (5/9); disagree, 44% (4/9); abstain, 0%. (Weak consensus) CONSENSUS STATEMENT FIVE: A new classification system is proposed and should be used to stage the deformity clinically and to define treatment. Delegate vote: agree, 89% (8/9); abstain, 11% (1/9). (Strong consensus)
Development of a simple compatibility inspection method using pressure in a BD PhaSeal™ system and hazardous drug vials
Authors: Ishimaru Hiromasa , Tsuda Yasumasa , Kage Hidenori , Kawano Tomoaki , Takayama Shinji , Morimoto Yoshihito , Goto Kazumi , Watanabe Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2020

Background Many reports support the use of closed system drug transfer devices (CSTDs) to protect against exposure to hazardous drugs during their preparation. However, leakage may occur if the CSTD fails to maintain hermeticity when fitted into the vial. Our aims were to devise a measure to prevent HD exposure and to develop a test method to verify CSTD function when a BD PhaSeal™ protector is used in HD preparation. Methods We selected the BD PhaSeal™ System, which is the most commonly used CSTD device in Japan. The sealability of the BD PhaSeal™ protector and vial is considered to be due to the hermeticity of the protector and the rubber stopper of the vial. We constructed a protector with a damaged sealing rim and monitored the pressure fluctuation 10 times when the BD PhaSeal™ injector was connected to the pressurized vial. Results The reduction in pressure of the protector in the group without a damaged sealing rim was 5%, while that in the group with the damaged sealing rim was 84.9%. Conclusion It was suggested that leakage occurred through the gap between the protector and the rubber stopper when using a vial that was not in close contact with the sealing rim. In this study, we developed a test that can be easily used to verify the compatibility of the BD PhaSeal™ protector and a vial in the clinical setting. Thus, when new hazardous drugs are being prepared, these measures can be taken to ensure that the risk of exposure is reduced or eliminated.
Motivations for Treatment Engagement in a Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment Program: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Dillon Patrick J , Kedia Satish K , Isehunwa Oluwaseyi O , Sharma Manoj 
Published: August 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to explore perspectives on motivations for treatment engagement from substance use disorder (SUD) clients in a long-term residential rehabilitation program. Design and Methods: A convenience sample of 30 clients who were enrolled in a year-long SUD treatment program at a residential rehabilitation facility took part in in-depth interviews. Interview transcripts were analyzed using the directed content analysis approach. Results: Participant accounts indicated that their treatment engagement was motivated by factors that aligned with the six primary constructs of the Health Belief Model: (i) perceived susceptibility (eg, believing that their substance use required intervention and that they were prone to relapse), (ii) perceived severity (eg, substance use negatively impacted their health and harmed their close relationships), (iii) perceived benefits (eg, opportunities for a better life, reconnecting with family members and close friends, & avoiding legal consequences), (iv) perceived barriers (eg, the length of the treatment program), (v) cues to actions (eg, decisive moments, elements of the treatment program, & faith and spirituality), and (vi) self-efficacy in remaining abstinent (eg, treatment program provided them with skills and experiences to maintain long-term sobriety). Discussion: Our analysis indicates that participants’ treatment engagement was linked to their beliefs regarding the severity of their substance use disorder, their treatment program’s ability to help them avoid future relapse, and their own capability to act upon the strategies and resources provided by the treatment program. A theoretical understanding of these aspects can contribute to the future planning of precision interventions.
Menopause and multiple sclerosis: Influence on prognosis and role of disease-modifying drugs and hormonal replacement therapy
Authors: Midaglia Luciana , Otero Susana , Baró Francesc , Montalban Xavier , Tintoré Mar 
Published: August 2020

Background: Sex hormones play a role in both the risk and the prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Considering all stages of women’s reproductive life, data regarding the influence of menopause on MS and vice versa are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the evidence addressing the relationship between menopause and MS. Methods: A literature search through PubMed was conducted, selecting studies that assessed (1) the influence of menopause in the MS course, (2) the influence of MS and disease-modifying drugs (DMD) on the development of menopause and (3) the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on symptoms of menopausal MS patients. Results: (1) Most studies suggest menopause may transitorily aggravate MS symptoms. Two studies found an inflexion point on the Expanding Disability Status Scale (EDSS) with clinical worsening during the menopausal transition. Another study considering full EDSS trajectories from clinically isolated syndrome to postmenopause did not find such an EDSS inflection; (2) MS and DMD do not seem to alter the age of menopause onset; and (3) HRT in menopausal MS patients has not shown consistent benefits. Conclusion: Menopause seems to be associated with transient symptom worsening, but the existence of an inflection in disability progression is still controversial. Properly designed studies are necessary to achieve conclusive results.
Short-term enhancement of motor neuron synaptic exocytosis during early aging extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ching Tsui-Ting , Chen Yen-Chieh , Li Guang , Liu Jianfeng , Xu X Z Shawn , Hsu Ao-Lin 
Published: August 2020

Age-related mobility decline is often associated with negative physical and psychological outcomes, such as frailty, in the elderly population. In C. elegans, during the early stage of the aging process, a progressive deficit of synaptic exocytosis in the motor neurons results in a functional decline at the neuromuscular junctions, which eventually leads to degeneration of both neurons and muscles. This age-dependent functional decline can be ameliorated by pharmacological interventions, such as arecoline, a muscarinic AChR agonist known to promote synaptic exocytosis at the neuromuscular junctions. In this study, we found that a short-term treatment of arecoline during the early stage of aging, when the NMJ functional decline begins, not only slows muscle tissue aging, but also extends lifespan in C. elegans. We have also demonstrated that arecoline acts on the GAR-2/PLCβ pathway in the motor neurons to increases longevity. Together, our findings suggest that synaptic transmission in aging motor neurons may serve as a potential target for pharmacological interventions to promote both health span and lifespan, when applied at the early stage aging. Impact statement The functional decline of motor activity is a common feature in almost all aging animals that leads to frailty, loss of independence, injury, and even death in the elderly population. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism that drives the initial stage of this functional decline and developing strategies to increase human healthspan and even lifespan by targeting this process would be of great interests to the field. In this study, we found that by precisely targeting the motor neurons to potentiate its synaptic releases either genetically or pharmacologically, we can not only delay the functional aging at NMJs but also slow the rate of aging at the organismal level. Most importantly, we have demonstrated that a critical window of time, that is the early stage of NMJs functional decline, is required for the beneficial effects. A short-term treatment within this time period is sufficient to extend the animals’ lifespan.
Bone density and its relation to the development of acromial stress fracture following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Yeazell Shawn T , Inacio Jordan , Malige Ajith , Dailey Hannah , Carolan Gregory F 
Published: August 2020

Background Postoperative acromial stress fracture is a troublesome postoperative complication after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Our study aims to utilize routinely performed preoperative computed tomography scans to identify differences in the material properties of the acromion in patients who did and did not develop a postoperative acromial stress fracture. Methods Treatment records and computed tomography scans for 99 reverse shoulder arthroplasties were collected. Scans were calibrated using a phantom and transferred for post-processing where the acromion, full scapula, and humeral head were isolated. The final segmented model was used to assess acromial volume and volumetric bone mineral density for each region of interest. Results There was no association between age and volumetric bone mineral density in any region of interest (all R2 ≤ 0.048, all p > 0.082). Patients who developed an acromial stress fracture were not significantly different from those who did not in terms of age, acromial volume, or acromial volumetric bone mineral density (all p > 0.559). Patients with known osteoporosis or osteopenia had slightly lower volumetric bone mineral density, but the differences were not significant (all p ≥ 0.072). Conclusion Postoperative acromial fractures following reverse shoulder arthroplasty cannot be predicted by computed tomography-derived volumetric bone mineral density or volume. These mechanical characteristics also do not predictably decrease with age or osteoporosis diagnosis.
Blood Eosinophilic and Basophilic Trends in Recurring and Non-Recurring Eosinophilic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps
Authors: Brescia Giuseppe , Contro Giacomo , Giacomelli Luciano , Barion Umberto , Frigo Anna Chiara , Marioni Gino 
Published: August 2020

Background Very few studies have compared blood eosinophil and basophil levels before and after surgery in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP). No investigations seem to have repeatedly measured them pre- and postoperatively in eCRSwNP patients with recurring versus non-recurring disease to examine how their levels evolved. Objective Hence this study to analyze blood eosinophil and basophil levels in patients with eCRSwNP immediately before surgery and afterwards, at 4 months, 1 year, and then yearly up to 5 years. Methods Fifty-one eCRSwNP patients were enrolled, who all had preoperative laboratory data and the results of at least 4 of the 6 scheduled postoperative follow-up tests. Results Seventeen patients had recurrent disease. Blood eosinophil counts (p = 0.005) and percentages (p = 0.002) were both higher in these patients than in those whose eCRSwNPs did not recur after surgery. Blood basophil counts (p = 0.04) and percentages (p < 0.05) were also significantly higher in patients whose eCRSwNPs relapsed. The time by relapse interaction was not significant for either counts or percentages, though an effect of time was detected for basophil counts (p = 0.01). Conclusions In eCRSwNP, the statistical analysis of repeated quantitative laboratory data can shed light on the evolution of a patient’s systemic inflammatory picture in response to previous treatments, and above all to long-term therapies. Long-term monitoring of blood eosinophil and basophil levels could be of significant value when monoclonal antibodies that inhibit IL signaling will widely enter in clinical practice for eCRSwNP treatment to follow the effectiveness of therapy over time.
Coordination of a remote mHealth infrastructure for atrial fibrillation management during COVID-19 and beyond: TeleCheck-AF
Authors: van der Velden Rachel MJ , Hermans Astrid NL , Pluymaekers Nikki AHA , Gawalko Monica , Vorstermans Bianca , Martens Herm , Buskes Saskia , Crijns Harry JGM , Linz Dominik , Hendriks Jeroen M 
Published: August 2020

During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, outpatient visits for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), were converted into teleconsultations. As a response to this, a novel mobile health (mHealth) intervention was developed to support these teleconsultations with AF patients: TeleCheck-AF. This approach incorporates three fundamental components: 1) “Tele”: A structured teleconsultation. 2) “Check”: An app-based on-demand heart rate and rhythm monitoring infrastructure. 3) “AF”: comprehensive AF management. This report highlights the significant importance of coordination of the TeleCheck-AF approach at multiple levels and underlines the importance of streamlining care processes provided by a multidisciplinary team, using an mHealth intervention, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, this report reflects on how the TeleCheck-AF approach has contributed to strengthening the health system in maintaining management of this prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, whilst keeping patients out of hospital, during the pandemic and beyond.
Global sagittal spinal alignment at cervical flexion in patients with dropped head syndrome
Authors: Konishi Takamitsu , Endo Kenji , Aihara Takato , Suzuki Hidekazu , Matsuoka Yuji , Nishimura Hirosuke , Takamatsu Taichiro , Murata Kazuma , Kusakabe Takuya , Maekawa Asato , Sawaji Yasunobu , Yamamoto Kengo 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is characterized by the passively correctable chin-on-chest deformity. The characteristic feature is emphasized in the cervical flexion position. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of cervical flexion on sagittal spinal alignment in patients with DHS. Methods: The study included 15 DHS subjects and 55 cervical spondylosis (CS) subjects as the control group. The following parameters were analyzed: cervical sagittal vertical axis (C-SVA), occipitoaxial angle (O–C2A), C2 slope (C2S), C2–C7 angle (C2–C7A), T1 slope (T1S), sagittal vertical axis, T1–T4 angle (T1–T4A), T5–T8 angle (T5–T8A), T9–T12 angle, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, and pelvic tilt, in cervical flexion and neutral positions. Results: The values of C-SVA, O–C2A, C2S, and T1S were significantly different between CS and DHS at cervical neutral and flexion positions. C2–C7A showed significant difference in cervical neutral position, but the difference disappeared in flexion position. T1–T4A did not present a significant difference, but T5–T8A showed a difference in neutral and flexion positions. Conclusions: Malalignment of DHS extended not only to cervical spine but also to cranio-cervical junction and thoracic spine, except T1–T4. It is known that global sagittal spinal alignment is correlated with adjacent parameters, although in DHS the reciprocal change was lost from cranio-cervical junction to the middle part of thoracic spine at cervical flexion.
The crystal structure of arsenopalladinite, Pd8As2.5Sb0.5, and its relation to mertieite-II, Pd8Sb2.5As0.5
Authors: Karimova Oxana V. , Zolotarev Andrey A. , Johanson Bo S. , Evstigneeva Tatiyana L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe crystal structure of arsenopalladinite, Pd8As2.5Sb0.5, from the Kaarreoja River, Inari commune, Finnish Lapland, Finland, was solved to R1 = 0.0451 on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The mineral is triclinic, space group P$\bar{1}$. The unit-cell parameters are: a = 7.3344(7), b = 7.3870(8), c = 7.5255(7) Å, α = 98.869(8), β = 102.566(8), γ = 119.096(11)°, V = 331.19(7) Å3 and Z = 2. The crystal structure of arsenopalladinite consists of an alternation of layers made by pnictogen (As, Sb) and layers made by palladium atoms stacked along the c axis. Arsenic and (As, Sb) nets exhibit a triangular topology (A and D nets), whereas palladium layers show triangular or pentagon–triangular nets (B and C nets). The unit-cell contains 6 layers, with the ABCDCBA stacking sequence. Although arsenopalladinite shows characteristics very similar (nets of the same topology) to the closely-related mineral mertieite-II, Pd8Sb2.5As0.5, it has a different stacking sequence.
Temperature Field Simulation and Experimental Study of Anti-backlash Single-Roller Enveloping Hourglass Worm Gear
Authors: Wang Shisong , Wang Shike , Wang Jie , Deng Xingqiao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn gear transmission, temperature rise has a non-negligible impact on the accuracy, noise and transmission efficiency. However, there is no relevant research on the temperature rise of the anti-backlash single-roller enveloping hourglass worm (ASEHW) gear. To solve this problem, based on tribology principle and Hertz contact theory, the thermal power calculation method of the ASEHW gear was proposed for the first time and thermal analysis was carried out by Ansys software. The bulk temperature of the ASEHW gear under four different rotating speed (300 r/min, 600 r/min, 900 r/min, 1200 r/min) is calculated. The main factors causing temperature rise of the ASEHW gear are analyzed theoretically. Meanwhile, an experimental study is performed to verify the simulation results and validate the theory methods. The theory presented in this paper provides a solution for the thermal power calculation of ASEHW gear. This research provides a theoretical basis for further optimization of ASEHW gear.
ACEP: improving antimicrobial peptides recognition through automatic feature fusion and amino acid embedding
Authors: Fu Haoyi , Cao Zicheng , Li Mingyuan , Wang Shunfang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is one of our most serious health threats. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), effecter molecules of innate immune system, can defend host organisms against microbes and most have shown a lowered likelihood for bacteria to form resistance compared to many conventional drugs. Thus, AMPs are gaining popularity as better substitute to antibiotics. To aid researchers in novel AMPs discovery, we design computational approaches to screen promising candidates.

Results
In this work, we design a deep learning model that can learn amino acid embedding patterns, automatically extract sequence features, and fuse heterogeneous information. Results show that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods on recognition of AMPs. By visualizing data in some layers of the model, we overcome the black-box nature of deep learning, explain the working mechanism of the model, and find some import motifs in sequences.

Conclusions
ACEP model can capture similarity between amino acids, calculate attention scores for different parts of a peptide sequence in order to spot important parts that significantly contribute to final predictions, and automatically fuse a variety of heterogeneous information or features. For high-throughput AMPs recognition, open source software and datasets are made freely available at https://github.com/Fuhaoyi/ACEP.