bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of catastrophic health expenditure in Vietnam
Authors: Thu Thuong Nguyen Thi , Van Den Berg Yme , Huy Tran Quang , Tai Do Anh , Anh Bui Nu Hoang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Government of Vietnam has set the goal of achieving universal health coverage (UHC) by 2025. Health insurance (HI) is being considered a tool to achieve this goal. However, out‐of‐pocket spending and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) remain high. Research evidence on how to reduce these expenditures to achieve UHC is essential. Therefore, this study examines the determinants of CHE, especially the HI factor.MethodTo identify HI participation status and other factors associated with CHE, we use logistic regression on a dataset from the 2016 Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey.ResultsThe study finds that HI is a protective factor against CHE, although this result is not always statistically significant across different subsamples. Moreover, the household head's age and employment status, household size, share of the elderly above 60 years, income, illness status, healthcare utilisation, availability of hospitals, commune health stations with medical doctors and place of residence all correlate with household CHE.ConclusionAlthough there has been a rise in HI coverage, the financial protection capacity of HI schemes in Vietnam remains inadequate, particularly for households living in rural areas. Further investigations of the causal effect of HI, other health system factors and CHE in rural settings are necessary to reduce the incidence of CHE. Additionally, policies aimed at groups vulnerable to CHE, such as those with higher incidences of severe illness or inpatient admissions, low income, and higher age, should be considered.
Two‐phase Sakiadis flow of a nanoliquid with nonlinear Boussinesq approximation and Brownian motion past a vertical plate: Koo‐Kleinstreuer‐Li model
Authors: Manghat Radhika , Mahanthesh Basavarajappa , Shehzad Sabir A. , Siddabasappa  
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the Sakiadis flow of a Al2O3‐H2O nanoliquid with consistently scattered dust particles over a vertical plate. To account for the effect of the Brownian movement, the Koo‐Kleinstreuer‐Li model is considered. In some thermal systems such as reactor safety areas, and solar collectors, combustion works from moderate to high temperature, making the relationship between the temperature and density nonlinear. To consider this temperature‐dependent density, the nonlinear Boussinesq estimation is utilized. The present physical structure, which includes energy and momentum equations, is converted into a system of ordinary, coupled, and nonlinear differential conditions through the help of similarity transformations. By using the finite difference code, the subsequent equations have been numerically solved. The impact on the velocity and the thermal profiles of the nondimensional parameters is visualized through graphs. Both the Nusselt number and friction factor strengthen with a higher nonlinear thermal parameter in the case of nonlinear Boussinesq approximation compared to the linear Boussinesq case. Growing estimations of nonlinear thermal parameter deteriorate the thermal profile but it boosts the velocity profile of both liquid and dust phases.
Does informal banking influence monetary policy transmission? Some empirical evidence for Ghana
Authors: Ayisi Richard Kwabi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInformal banking activities have been increasing in many economies in recent times. These activities, though are interrelated with the formal banking activities, fall within a different regulatory framework within which the central bank conducts monetary policy. This has a potential effect on monetary transmission. The study, thus, investigated this issue in the Ghanaian perspective using the local projection approach. Using data sourced from the World Bank and Bank of Ghana databases, the study estimated an incomplete monetary pass‐through for Ghana. Notwithstanding this, informal banking further weakens the pass‐through. Other factors such as non‐performing loans, excess liquidity and the level of financial development were identified to weaken the pass‐through. These findings highlight the need for a prudent monetary framework that can address the challenge informal banking bring forth in monetary policy implementation.
A portfolio construction framework using LSTM‐based stock markets forecasting
Authors: Cipiloglu Yildiz Zeynep , Yildiz Selim Baha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel framework that injects future return predictions into portfolio constructionstrategies is proposed in this study. First, a long–short‐term‐memory (LSTM) model is trained to learn the monthly closing prices of the stocks. Then these predictions are used in the calculation of portfolio weights. Five different portfolio construction strategies are introduced including modifications to smart‐beta strategies. The suggested methods are compared to a number of baseline methods, using the stocks of BIST30 Turkey index. Our strategies yield a very high mean annualized return (25%) which is almost 50% higher than the baseline approaches. The mean Sharpe ratio of our strategies is 0.57, whereas the compared methods’ are 0.29 and −0.32. Comprehensive analysis of the results demonstrates that utilizing predicted returns in portfolio construction enables a significant improvement on the performance of the portfolios.
How fintech impacts pre‐ and post‐loan risk in Chinese commercial banks
Authors: Zhang Ailian , Wang Shuyao , Liu Bai , Liu Pei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDue to information asymmetry in the lending market, credit activities inevitably cause pre‐ and post‐loan risk in banks. To explore whether these risks can be alleviated by fintech and study its specific mechanism from the perspective of managers, we investigate on a sample from the establishment of fintech subsidiaries in Chinese commercial banks during 2014–2018. The results show that fintech can alleviate pre‐loan risk associated with credit activities, and this negative effect is more pronounced in banks with higher level of managerial ownership. As the control of post‐loan risk is more dependent on the regulators, fintech in banks has no significant effect on reducing post‐loan risk associated with credit activities. This paper adds empirical evidence on the role of fintech in banks.
A vessel segmentation technique for retinal images
Authors: Iqbal Mehwish , Riaz Muhammad Mohsin , Ghafoor Abdul , Ahmad Attiq 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSegmentation of the human eye retinal image is an essential step for proper examination and diagnosis by the ophthalmologists or eye care specialists. A technique for vessel segmentation of retinal images is proposed. Retinal images are mostly low‐light images, which are first processed for enhancement of light as well as for detail amplification. Illumination of low‐light images is enhanced, and details are amplified using content‐adaptive filters. For extraction of vessels from retinal images, after low‐light and detail enhancement, the B‐cosfire filter is modified by including extraction of details and small elements, which may otherwise be ignored. A modified B‐cosfire filter is used to extract vessels while minimizing false edges and halo artifacts. The morphological opening is performed to crop vessels that are falsely segmented. The technique is contrasted with other existing methods in terms of accuracy using publicly available datasets. The proposed technique is tested on STARE, CHASE‐DB1, and DRIVE databases. The outcome of the proposed procedure has better accuracy, preserved edges, minimum noise, and artifacts than the state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
A new Tetrahydrofuran sesquiterpene skeleton from Artemisia sieberi
Authors: Mohamed Tarik A. , Albadry Hazem A. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Younes Sabry H. H. , Shahat Abdelaaty A. , El‐wassimy Mohamed T. , Moustafa Mahmoud F. , Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA new Tetrahydrofuran sesquiterpene 7,10‐Epoxy‐10‐methy‐dodeca‐1,6(14)‐diene‐3,4‐diol (1) along with three known Tetrahydrofuran sesquiterpene compounds 2,6,10‐trimethyl‐2,5:7,10‐dioxido‐dodeca‐3,11‐dien‐5‐ol (2), cis‐hydroxydavanone (3), and davana acid (4). All isolated metabolites were tested against MCF‐7, HCT‐116, and HepG‐2 cancer cell lines. Compound 2 showed potent activity against MCF‐7 (IC50 = 26 ± 0.4 μg/ml), HCT‐116 (IC50 = 30.4 ± 0.9 μg/ml), and HepG‐2 (IC50 = 20.5 ± 0.3 μg/ml) cancer cells.
Posttraumatic triggering of the extensor pollicis brevis tendon in de Quervain's disease successfully diagnosed with ultrasonography: A case report
Authors: Uemura Takuya , Yano Koichi , Miyashima Yusuke , Konishi Sadahiko , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTriggering due to de Quervain's disease is exceedingly rare. This is the first successfully diagnosed case of the snapping phenomenon of the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendon in de Quervain's disease evaluated with preoperative dynamic ultrasonography, clearly demonstrated in an intraoperative video, and treated with decompression of EPB subcompartment only under a wide‐awake surgery. Dynamic ultrasonographic images identified snapping caused by unsmooth excursion of an enlarged EPB tendon in a separate subcompartment. In snapping de Quervain's disease, ultrasonographic evaluations and wide‐awake surgery are essential to exactly diagnose and successfully treat the snapping condition of the EPB and/or APL tendons.
Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome
Authors: Walrath Travis , Dyamenahalli Kiran U , Hulsebus Holly J , McCullough Rebecca L , Idrovo Juan-Pablo , Boe Devin M , McMahan Rachel H , Kovacs Elizabeth J 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a vitally important site for the adsorption of nutrients as well as the education of immune cells. Homeostasis of the gut is maintained by the interplay of the intestinal epithelium, immune cells, luminal Ags, and the intestinal microbiota. The well-being of the gut is intrinsically linked to the overall health of the host, and perturbations to this homeostasis can have severe impacts on local and systemic health. One factor that causes disruptions in gut homeostasis is age, and recent research has elucidated how critical systems within the gut are altered during the aging process. Intestinal stem cell proliferation, epithelial barrier function, the gut microbiota, and the composition of innate and adaptive immune responses are all altered in advanced age. The aging population continues to expand worldwide, a phenomenon referred to as the “Silver Tsunami,” and every effort must be made to understand how best to prevent and treat age-related maladies. Here, recent research about changes observed in the intestinal epithelium, the intestinal immune system, the microbiota, and how the aging gut interacts with and influences other organs such as the liver, lung, and brain are reviewed. Better understanding of these age-related changes and their impact on multi-organ interactions will aid the development of therapies to increase the quality of life for all aged individuals.
CCR2-deficient mice are protected to sepsis by the disruption of the inflammatory monocytes emigration from the bone marrow
Authors: Cebinelli Guilherme Cesar Martelossi , de Lima Kalil Alves , Silva Castanheira Fernanda Vargas e , Hiroki Carlos Hiroji , Monteiro Valter Vinícius Silva , de Lima Mikhael Haruo Fernandes , Nascimento Daniele Carvalho Bernardo , Alves Filho José Carlos , Cunha Thiago Mattar , Cunha Fernando de Queiroz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Inflammatory monocytes are recruited to both the infection site and vital organs during sepsis; however, the mechanisms that orchestrate their migration, as well as the participation of these cells in systemic inflammation and vital organ damage, are still not fully elucidated. In this context, we described that CCR2-deficient mice had diminished migration of inflammatory monocytes from bone marrow to the circulation and subsequently to the site of infection and vital organs during cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis. The reduction in the migration of inflammatory monocytes to the infection site was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of neutrophils in the same compartment, which seemed to counterbalance the absence of inflammatory monocytes in controlling microbial growth. Indeed, wild-type (WT) and CCR2-deficient mice under CLP presented similar control of infection. However, the CCR2-deficient mice were more resistant to sepsis, which was associated with a decrease in inflammatory mediators and organ damage biomarkers. Furthermore, the systemic adoptive transfer of CCR2-WT or CCR2-deficient inflammatory monocytes into CCR2-deficient mice equally increased the susceptibility to sepsis, demonstrating the deleterious role of these cells in the periphery even when CCR2 is absent. Thus, despite the host-protective role of inflammatory monocytes in controlling infection, our results demonstrated that the mechanism by which CCR2 deficiency shows protection to CLP-induced sepsis is due to a decrease of inflammatory monocytes emigration from bone marrow to the circulation and vital organs, resulting in the reduction of organ damage and systemic cytokine production.
A performance‐based multi‐model combination approach to reduce uncertainty in seasonal temperature change projections
Authors: Das Bhowmik Rajarshi , Sankarasubramanian Arumugam 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFuture changes in climate variable exhibit prominent impact on flood magnitudes, crop yields, and freshwater withdrawal. Researchers typically ignore the large degree of uncertainty translated from climate projections to the estimated climate change magnitudes while applying pre‐processing approaches on climate change projections. General Circulation Models (GCM) exhibit substantial uncertainty in projecting future changes in the seasonal temperature, which is evaluated by estimating the shift in either the mean or variance. Bias between the observed changes (1950–1999) and GCM simulated changes vary across models, climate regions, seasons, and under emission scenarios. The simplest approach to reduce model structural uncertainty, equal weighting of GCMs, does not consider superiority of one or multiple GCMs compared to the rest. The current study adopts a performance‐based model combination approach that has shown efficiency in streamflow and weather forecasting, and GCM precipitation simulation. The optimal model combination approach has been modified to combine multi‐model climate change information, while yielding the spatial correlation in climate change information within a geographic region. The optimal model combination approach, along with a simple bias‐correction, is applied on 10 GCMs over nine climate regions across the coterminous United States (CONUS). We found that the optimal combination exhibits lower RMSE values as compared to the equal combination. Correlations between the model combined projections under optimal combination and the observed changes are strong and positive (>0.5). Future (2000–49) model combined projections exhibit an increase in the mean seasonal temperature by 2°C for winter and by 1°C for summer over almost all climate regions.
Impact of KRAS status on tumor response and survival after neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Zhou Peige , Goffredo Paolo , Ginader Timothy , Thompson Dakota , Hrabe Jennifer , Gribovskaja‐Rupp Irena , Kapadia Muneera , Hassan Imran 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMutation of the KRAS oncogene (mKRAS) in colorectal cancer has been associated with aggressive tumor biology, resistance to epidermal growth factor inhibitors, and decreased overall survival (OS). The aim of the current study was to analyze the association of mKRAS with pathologic complete response (pCR) and neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score, and its impact on the survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were managed with multimodality therapy.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for stage II–III rectal cancer patients with a known KRAS status who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) and proctectomy between 2004 and 2015.ResultsIn total, 1886 patients were identified; 12% had pCR and 36% had mKRAS. Patients with mKRAS were more likely to have advanced pathologic T stage, tumor deposits, perineural invasion, and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels (all p ≤ .05). After adjustment for available confounders, mKRAS status was not associated with pCR or NAR score. In multivariable analysis, patients with pCR and lower NAR score had better OS, whereas mKRAS was independently associated with a worse prognosis.ConclusionIn this cohort of locally advanced rectal cancer patients who underwent proctectomy after nCRT, mKRAS was not associated with lower pCR rates or NAR scores; however, these patients experienced worse survival.
No‐additive salting‐out liquid–liquid extraction—A tool for purification of positively charged compounds from highly salted reaction mixtures
Authors: Moravcová Dana , Čmelík Richard , Křenková Jana 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel and original application of salting‐out assisted liquid–liquid extraction is presented. This technique was used to purify the final reaction products (quaternary ammonium salts) from unreacted components and by‐products present in multiple excesses. The partition of two structurally related compounds as (2‐aminoethyl)trimethylammonium salt (a labeling reagent) and a derivative of [2‐(imidazoline‐1‐yl)ethyl]trimethylammonium salt (a final reaction product of N‐acetylglucosamine labeling by (2‐aminoethyl)trimethylammonium salt) between acetonitrile‐rich and water‐rich layers was monitored by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Despite the poor solubility of both highly polar substances in solutions containing a high concentration of acetonitrile, the main portion of the labeling reagent (72%) can be removed from the crude reaction mixture in the first extraction step using 95% acetonitrile/5% water as an extraction solvent. The purified final reaction product contained only 2% of the labeling reagent, and it was suitable for analysis by direct infusion mass spectrometry to confirm its identity. The capability of the suggested purification protocol to process small‐volume highly salted reaction mixtures was also proven by analysis of saccharide mixture containing glucose, maltose, and maltotriose labeled by the positively charged tag.
MicroRNA‐936/ERBB4/Akt axis exhibits anticancer properties of gastric cancer through inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion
Authors: Liu Shi , Gong Ying , Xu Xue‐Dong , Shen Hui , Gao Shuai , Bao Hai‐Dong , Guo Shi‐Bin , Yu Xue‐Feng , Gong Jian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGastric cancer is one of the most common cancers globally and has a poor prognosis. MiR‐936 has been reported to regulate cell activity and tumor progression in non‐small cell lung cancer, glioma, and epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the specific role and mechanism of miR‐936 in gastric cancer have not been explored. In present study, gastric cancer cells were transfected with miR‐936 mimic, and cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed via cell‐counting kit‐8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assay, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to check miR‐936 binding to its downstream target. It was shown that miR‐936 was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Erb‐B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 4 (ERBB4) was confirmed as a direct target of miR‐936 and negatively regulated its expression by miR‐936. Overexpression of miR‐936 suppressed cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration and invasion, and enhanced cell apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, which could be reversed by further ERBB4 overexpression. Western blot results showed that miR‐936/ERBB4 axis regulated Akt‐related pathways to control gastric cancer cell activities. Therefore, our data suggest that miR‐936 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and invasion and promotes cell apoptosis through Akt‐related pathways by targeting ERBB4, which provides novel insight to target miR‐936 or miR‐936/ERBB4 axis for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Cullin 4B regulates cell survival and apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma as a target of microRNA‐217
Authors: Yang Hai‐Feng , Wang Zheng‐Liang , Mao Ting‐Ting , Liu Jian‐Chang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCullin 4B (CUL4B) was reported to be closely related to the progression of some tumors, but its function in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been reported. Our present study found CUL4B was upregulated in ccRCC, and CUL4B knockdown markedly inhibited ccRCC cell growth and induced apoptosis. In addition, CUL4B knockdown markedly inhibited antiapoptotic proteins' expression in ccRCC cells, including Mcl‐1 and Bcl‐2, and silenced CUL4B also induced the cleavages of PARP, an important index of apoptosis. We also confirmed microRNA‐217 (miR‐217) was downregulated in ccRCC tumor tissues, and negatively correlated with CUL4B expression. Further investigations revealed miR‐217 targeted CUL4B and markedly inhibited its expression in ccRCC cells. In addition, overexpression of miR‐217 by mimics significantly suppressed ccRCC cell growth. In contrast, enforced expression of CUL4B significantly abolished miR‐217‐induced cell survival inhibition in ccRCC cells. In conclusion, our present results suggested targeting miR‐217‐CUL4B axis would be a promising strategy for ccRCC treatment.
Missed nursing care: An overview of reviews
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , Harbeck Emma , Lee Bih‐O , Grealish Laurie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMissed nursing care is care that is delayed, partially completed, or not completed at all. The aim of this overview of reviews was to identify the nursing care that is missed, the factors that influence missed nursing care and the outcomes from it. To be included, reviews had to use the systematic review process and focus on hospital care. Databases were searched from inception until August sixth, 2020. One author screened the papers and extracted data on included reviews and a second checked this. Two authors independently assessed the quality of the reviews. Seven reviews were included in this overview. Categories of care missed included: (a) communication and information sharing; (b) self‐management, autonomy, and education including care planning, discharge planning and decision; (c) fundamental physical care; and (d) emotional and psychological care including spiritual support. Factors associated with missed care were related to staffing levels and/or labor resources skill mix, material resources not being available, patient acuity and teamwork/communication. Outcomes of missed nursing care included: less/poorer quality of patient care, patient satisfaction, and nurses' job satisfaction, increased patient adverse events, and the organizational outcomes of increasing hospital length of stay and hospital readmission. In‐depth qualitative and mixed methods research is needed to better understand how nurses prioritize care and why care is missed. Longitudinal and experimental research is required to better clarify if these relationships between missed care and negative patient outcomes are likely cause and effect.