bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting Military Family Resilience at the Transition to Parenthood: A Randomized Pilot Trial of an Online Version of Family Foundations
Authors: Feinberg Mark E. , Boring Jesse , Le Yunying , Hostetler Michelle L. , Karre Jennifer , Irvin Jamie , Jones Damon E. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThis article examines whether family resilience can be enhanced among military families via an online prevention program for military couples at the transition to parenthood.BackgroundMilitary families experience normative stressors similar to those of civilian families, as well as military‐specific stressors, such as deployment, frequent moves, and uncertainty.MethodParticipants were 56 heterosexual couples who, at the time of recruitment, were expecting their first child and were living together (regardless of marital status). Mothers and fathers completed measures online: Pretest was administered upon recruitment during pregnancy, and posttest was administered at 6 months postpartum. After pretest, couples were randomized to control and intervention conditions; intervention couples were provided access to the online version of Family Foundations.ResultsAlthough outcomes require replication given the sample size and issues with attrition, results indicated significant program impact, with moderate to strong effect sizes, on parent depression, mothers' report of coparenting support, and infant mood and soothability.ConclusionThese results suggest online delivery of prevention programming is a potentially effective means of enhancing military family well‐being—and thus resilience.ImplicationsLow‐cost and effective support for military families is possible via online modalities.
Membrane integration and topology of RIFIN and STEVOR proteins of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite
Authors: Andersson Annika , Kudva Renuka , Magoulopoulou Anastasia , Lejarre Quentin , Lara Patricia , Xu Peibo , Goel Suchi , Pissi Jennifer , Ru Xing , Hessa Tara , Wahlgren Mats , von Heijne Gunnar , Nilsson IngMarie , Tellgren‐Roth Åsa 
Published: December 2019

The malarial parasite Plasmodium exports its own proteins to the cell surfaces of red blood cells (RBCs) during infection. Examples of exported proteins include members of the repetitive interspersed family (RIFIN) and subtelomeric variable open reading frame (STEVOR) family of proteins from Plasmodium falciparum. The presence of these parasite‐derived proteins on surfaces of infected RBCs triggers the adhesion of infected cells to uninfected cells (rosetting) and to the vascular endothelium potentially obstructing blood flow. While there is a fair amount of information on the localization of these proteins on the cell surfaces of RBCs, less is known about how they can be exported to the membrane and the topologies they can adopt during the process. The first step of export is plausibly the cotranslational insertion of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the parasite, and here, we investigate the insertion of three RIFIN and two STEVOR proteins into the ER membrane. We employ a well‐established experimental system that uses N‐linked glycosylation of sites within the protein as a measure to assess the extent of membrane insertion and the topology it assumes when inserted into the ER membrane. Our results indicate that for all the proteins tested, transmembranes (TMs) 1 and 3 integrate into the membrane, so that the protein assumes an overall topology of Ncyt‐Ccyt. We also show that the segment predicted to be TM2 for each of the proteins likely does not reside in the membrane, but is translocated to the lumen.
Nocturnal home hemodialysis with low‐flow dialysate: Retrospective analysis of the first European patients
Authors: Gangaram Venkat , Vilpakka Mari , Goffin Eric , Weinhandl Eric D. , Kubisiak Kristine M. , Borman Natalie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroduction: Despite mounting evidence that increased frequency and duration of hemodialysis (HD) improves outcomes, less than 1% of HD patients worldwide receive nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD). Many perceived barriers exist to providing NHD and increasing its provision.Methods: A retrospective analysis of nocturnal therapy using a low‐flow dialysate system in 4 European centers for a minimum of 12 months, with data collected on patient demographics, training times, safety features, medications, and biochemical parameters at baseline and at 6 and 12 months.Findings: Data were collected on 21 patients, with 12‐month analysis available for 20 patients. Mean dialysis duration was 28 hours per week, with most dialysis on an alternate night regimen using 50–60 L of dialysate per session. All vascular access types were represented, and low molecular weight heparin was used as a bolus. All biochemical parameters met European standards, with a trend for improvement in standardized Kt/V, phosphate, hemoglobin, and albumin. There was a significant reduction in phosphate binder usage and a reduction in blood pressure medication. Training time was 9.6 sessions for independence at home, with 2 additional sessions to transition to NHD. Additional safety features included an alarmed drip tray under the cycler and moisture sensors under the venous needle (all patients used dual‐cannulation technique). No patient safety events were reported.Discussion: These data support the use of a low‐flow dialysate system for provision of NHD at home. Biochemical parameters were good, medication burden was reduced at 12 months, and all patients received more than double the duration of HD provided in standard in‐center units. While patient numbers were small, low‐flow dialysis in this cohort was both effective and safe. Use of this alternative HD system could reduce some of the barriers to NHD, increasing the uptake of therapy in Europe, and improving long‐term patient outcomes.
A Systematic Review of the Diagnostic Criteria Used to Select Participants in Randomised Controlled Trials of Interventions Used to Treat Cervicogenic Headache
Authors: Avijgan Mahtab , Thomas Lucy C. , Osmotherly Peter G. , Bolton Philip S. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic criteria used in randomized controlled trials to define trial participants as having cervicogenic headache (CeH).BackgroundWhile animal and human studies suggest a biological basis for “cervicogenic” headaches the diagnostic criteria necessary to evidence CeH are debated.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement. An electronic search of MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINHAL, Pedro, AMED, and EMBASE online databases of randomized controlled trials published between January 1983 and October 2018 found 39 randomized controlled trials which met the study inclusion criteria.ResultsTwo independent reviewers found most trials cited 1 (31/39; 79.5%) or more (3/39; 7.6%) references to define the criteria used to identify CeH in their study participants. In spite of updated publications concerning the characteristics and definition of CeH, many (27/39; 69.2%) used diagnostic criteria published between 5 and 24 years prior to the randomized controlled trial. The most commonly cited diagnostic criteria included unilateral headache (18/39; 46.2%), cervical movement or sustained posture that either provoked (18/39; 46.2%) or precipitated (17/39; 43.6%) the headache. Fifteen trials did not exclude participants with signs or symptoms of other forms of headache. Although anesthetic blockade of cervical tissue or nerves is considered necessary for a “definitive” diagnosis, only 7.6% (3/39) of trials used anesthetic blockade at recruitment.ConclusionsThis systematic review evidences the heterogeneity in the clinical characteristics used to diagnose CeH in participants recruited in randomized controlled trials. It raises a significant concern about the usefulness of currently available randomized controlled trials to determine the clinical merits of the treatment and management of people with CeHs. Our systematic review suggests that most randomized controlled trials published to date have investigated headaches with a clinical presentation involving the neck that maybe better defined as “possible,” “probable,” or “definitive” CeH depending on how well the diagnostic criteria used align with the most recent edition (3rd) of the International Classification of Headache Disorders.
Recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein activity assessment with the one‐stage clotting assay: A multicenter, assessor‐blinded, prospective study in Japan (J‐Field Study)
Authors: Fukutake Katsuyuki , Kobayashi Tomomi , Sommer Jurg M. , Hirakata Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe one‐stage clotting assay is used to measure factor IX (FIX) activity in patients’ plasma samples and in FIX products for hemophilia treatment. However, the diversity of reagents and instruments has resulted in significant FIX assay variability.MethodsThe accuracy of the one‐stage clotting assay to measure recombinant FIX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc) activity was evaluated by major Japanese hemophilia treatment centers and commercial laboratories that measure factor IX activity for a majority of hemophilia B patients in Japan. Plasma‐derived FIX (pdFIX) and recombinant FIX (rFIX) products were used as comparators. FIX‐deficient plasma was spiked with four levels of FIX products based on label potency and measured under blinded conditions by routine one‐stage clotting assay procedures in 19 participating laboratories. Interlaboratory coefficient of variation and spike recovery were calculated.ResultsInterlaboratory coefficient of variation of rFIXFc was not significantly different from that of rFIX, but appeared larger than that of pdFIX. Mean spike recovery for rFIXFc was generally comparable to rFIX and pdFIX. However, larger discrepancies between pdFIX and rFIX were observed in three of nine laboratories using ellagic acid‐based activated partial thromboplastin time reagents.ConclusionRecombinant FIX Fc fusion protein activity was found to be similar to that of rFIX or pdFIX by the one‐stage clotting assay. However, minimizing interlaboratory variability is vital for optimizing future patient care.
Does body position before and during blood sampling influence the Athlete Biological Passport variables?
Authors: Astolfi Tiffany , Schumacher Yorck Olaf , Crettaz von Roten Fabienne , Saugy Martial , Faiss Raphael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe Athlete's Biological Passport (ABP) is a tool for the indirect detection of blood doping. Guidelines from the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) require a 2 hours delay after any physical exercise, and to be seated for 10 minutes before collecting an ABP sample. This study investigated posture‐related hematological variations with changes in body position during blood sampling.MethodsTen successive venous blood samples from 38 subjects were collected in three situations: immediately after 10‐minutes of normalized activity (B1), after 10‐minutes seated (B2, typical reference sample in an anti‐doping context), after a 50 m walk (B3), after 5 and 10‐minutes in a seated position again (B4 and B5), and finally after 5‐30 minutes supine (B6‐B10). Hemoglobin concentration [Hb] and hematocrit (Hct) were determined by flow cytometry to assess putative posture‐related variations.ResultsReticulocytes percentage was unchanged in all conditions, [Hb] and Hct were stable after at least 10‐minutes in a seated position. Due to shifts in plasma volume, [Hb] and Hct increased slightly but significantly higher after changing posture for a short walk (+0.1 gr/dL [P = .008] and +0.4% [P = .01] respectively), but readjusted to previous levels after only 5 minutes. Supine position (>10 minutes) induced decreases of [Hb] (−0.2 g/dL in average, P < .01) and Hct (−1.1%, in average, P < .01).ConclusionThe observed variations in [Hb] and Hct may have minor clinical significance, while they underline the need to follow strict guidelines for posture before and during blood sampling in an anti‐doping context.
Circadian rhythms in innate immunity and stress responses
Authors: Baxter Matthew , Ray David W. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCircadian clocks are a common feature of life on our planet, allowing physiology and behaviour to be adapted to recurrent environmental fluctuation. There is now compelling evidence that disturbance of circadian coherence can severely undermine mental and physical health, as well as exacerbate pre‐existing pathology. Common molecular design principles underpin the generation of cellular circadian rhythms across the kingdoms, and in animals, the genetic components are extremely well conserved. In mammals, the circadian timing mechanism is present in most cell types and establishes local cycles of gene expression and metabolic activity. These distributed tissue clocks are normally synchronized by a central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), located in the hypothalamus. Nevertheless, most clocks of the body remain responsive to non‐SCN‐derived hormonal and metabolic cues (for example, re‐alignment of liver clocks to altered meal patterning). It has been demonstrated that the clock is an influential regulator of energy metabolism, allowing key pathways to be tuned across the 24‐hr cycle as metabolic requirements fluctuate. Furthermore, clock components, including Cryptochrome and Rev‐Erb proteins, have been identified as essential modulators of the innate immune system and inflammatory responses. Studies have also revealed that these proteins regulate glucocorticoid receptor function, a major drug target and crucial regulator of inflammation and metabolism.
Comparison of a co‐produced mental health service to traditional services: A co‐produced mixed‐methods cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pocobello Raffaella , el Sehity Tarek , Negrogno Luca , Minervini Carlo , Guida Maddalena , Venerito Cosimo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the differences between a co‐produced experimental mental health centre and traditional day centres. For this purpose, we used a collaborative and mixed‐method approach in two complementary studies: (i) a quantitative cross‐sectional study designed to compare users' hospitalization rates and their use of psychiatric medications and (ii) a qualitative study designed to explore and document the experienced differences between co‐produced and traditional services. In the quantitative cross‐sectional study, surveys were administered to 37 users of one co‐produced mental health service and to 40 users of traditional mental health services. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed to examine the relationships between predictors and users' hospitalization rates. After adjusting for the potential confounders, users of the co‐produced centre reported a 63.2% reduced rate of hospitalizations compared with users of traditional mental health services (P = 0.002). Furthermore, 39% of users of the co‐produced centre reported a reduction or even withdrawal from psychiatric medications against 22% of the comparison group (P = 0.036). In the qualitative study, six main differences emerged from a thematic analysis of a large user‐led focus group. In the participants' experiences, the co‐produced service focused on (i) parity and respectful relationships, (ii) people's strengths, (iii) freedom, (iv) psychological continuity, (v) social inclusion, and (vi) recovery orientation. Our research provides empirical evidence concerning the ‘preventive aspect’ of co‐produced mental health services. Additionally, new insights into how different stakeholders, particularly users of co‐produced mental health services, experience the differences between co‐produced and traditional mental health services are provided.
Probing crystal structure and site‐selective photo‐physical properties of various Eu3+‐doped niobates
Authors: Phatak Rohan , Pathak Nimai , Muhammed Shafeeq , Das Amitabh , Sali Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNiobates of the formula Ba2LaNbO6 and BaLaM2+NbO6 (M2+ = Mg, Ca) were synthesized by the conventional solid state route. Size dependence of M‐cation on the bulk crystal structure of BaLaM2+NbO6 was studied and compared with the Ba2LaNbO6 compound. X‐ray diffraction study confirmed that BaLaMgNbO6 compound has the rhombohedral () crystal structure as compared to the monoclinic (I2/m) in BaLaCaNbO6 and Ba2LaNbO6. The change in the local structure of La cation among these compounds was investigated by carrying out Photoluminescence study on 2 atom% Eu3+‐doped samples. PL study of BaLaMgNbO6:Eu3+ sample indicates Eu3+ ions occupying the distorted 12‐coordinated A‐site, while in Ba2LaNbO6: Eu3+, Eu3+ is present at highly symmetric octahedral B‐site. Upon excitation, the light emission of these compounds changes from reddish‐orange to red to purple in the order Ba2LaNbO6:Eu → BaLaCaNbO6:Eu → BaLaMgNbO6:Eu3+, due to change in Eu3+‐ions site occupancy. Lifetime study also confirmed the presence of two different Eu3+ components at two different lattice sites and their respective emission spectra were isolated by time resoled emission spectroscopy. Furthermore, this site selective lattice occupancy of Eu3+ ions also gave various new insights about its radiative and nonradiative properties at different lattice sites. This works presents a complete structural understanding of BaLaMNbO6‐based matrices and their versatile phosphor characteristics when doped with Eu3+ ion.
Clinical benefits of ridge preservation for implant placement compared to natural healing in maxillary teeth: A retrospective study
Authors: Park Su‐Hyun , Song Young Woo , Sanz‐Martín Ignacio , Cha Jae‐Kook , Lee Jung‐Seok , Jung Ui‐Won 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimThe purpose of this retrospective study was to determine clinical benefits of ridge preservation in terms of surgical invasiveness of implant placement compared to natural healing in the maxilla.Materials & MethodsThis study included 178 patients with 206 implants placed at ridge‐preserved sites and 493 patients with 656 implants placed at naturally healed sites in maxillary anterior and posterior regions. Patient‐ and implant‐related data were collected from electronic dental records including additional augmentation procedures performed before or during implant placement and surgical complications. Cumulative survival rate was assessed using Kaplan–Meier method. The annual peri‐implant marginal bone loss between the two groups was compared using the Mann–WhitneyUtest.ResultsThe follow‐up period was 24.4 ± 18.1 months (mean ± standard deviation) for ridge‐preserved sites and 45.7 ± 29.6 months for naturally healed sites. Sinus augmentation was performed at similar frequencies in the two groups, but lateral approach was applied significantly more at naturally healed sites (37.2%) than ridge‐preserved sites (8.3%,p ≤ .001). There was no intergroup difference in the cumulative survival rate or annual peri‐implant marginal bone loss.ConclusionRidge preservation can be clinically beneficial for minimizing the invasiveness of implant surgery by simplifying the procedure when sinus augmentation is expected in the maxilla.
IMPLICATIONS OF UNSUSTAINABLE DIVIDENDS
Authors: Harris Oneil , Ngo Thanh , Susnjara Jurica 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this article, we examine the wealth effects of unsustainable dividend payments and explore the economic forces that may explain why they exist. We find that the larger the dividend–earnings differential, the lower the short‐ and long‐run wealth effects to shareholders. In addition, the dividend–earnings differential increases not only the probability of a subsequent dividend cut over the next four quarters but also the likelihood that the cut will be greater than 5%. Overall, our findings suggest that although investors are not fooled by unsustainable dividend payments, the negative announcement effects are in anticipation of protracted poor performance.
Unexpected effects of metyrapone on corticosteroid receptor interaction with the genome and subsequent gene transcription in the hippocampus of male rats
Authors: Kennedy Clare L. M. , Carter Sylvia D. , Mifsud Karen R. , Reul Johannes M. H. M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlucocorticoid hormones (GCs) play a pivotal role in many stress‐related biological processes. In the hippocampus, GCs act through mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) to modify gene transcription. The involvement of GCs in biological processes has been investigated using the corticosterone (CORT)‐synthesis blocker metyrapone. How metyrapone affects the action of GC at the genomic level still remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of this enzyme blocker on plasma CORT levels and hippocampal MR and GR binding to GC responsive elements (GREs) within the GC target genes Fkbp5 (FK506‐binding protein 5), Per1 (Period 1) and Sgk1 (Serum‐ and glucocorticoid‐activated kinase 1), as well as the transcriptional responses of these genes under control and acute stress conditions in rats. For comparison, we also investigated these endpoints in rats that had undergone adrenalectomy (ADX). Although metyrapone had no effect on baseline levels of CORT, the drug increased MR and GR to GRE binding within the GC target genes and the transcriptional activity of these genes. As expected, acute forced swim (FS) stress strongly increased plasma CORT levels, hippocampal MR and GR to GRE binding within Fkbp5, Per1 and Sgk1, and the transcriptional activity (mainly hnRNA levels) of these genes. Metyrapone attenuated, but did not abolish, these effects of stress on plasma CORT and MR and GR to GRE binding. The drug effects on FS‐induced transcriptional activity were gene‐dependent with a reduction seen in Fkbp5 hnRNA (but not Fkbp5 mRNA), an enhancement in Per1 hnRNA (but not Per1 mRNA), and no effect on both Sgk1 hnRNA and mRNA levels. ADX however completely abrogated the effects of FS on plasma CORT, as well as hippocampal MR and GR to GRE binding and transcriptional responses. Thus, in contrast to ADX, metyrapone produced inconsistent effects on GC‐sensitive genomic endpoints that question its suitability as a tool in neuroendocrine and other research.
Temporary Staffing and Patient Death in Acute Care Hospitals: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dall’Ora Chiara , Maruotti Antonello , Griffiths Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeTo explore the association between the levels of temporary nurse staffing and patient mortality. Achieving adequate nurse staffing levels plays a vital role in keeping patients safe from harm. The evidence around deploying temporary staffing to maintain safe staffing levels is mixed, with some studies reporting no adverse effects on patient mortality.DesignA retrospective longitudinal observational study using routinely collected data on 138,133 patients admitted to a large hospital in the south of England. Data were collected between April 2012 and April 2015.MethodsWe used multilevel survival models to explore the association between in‐hospital deaths and daily variation in registered nurse (RN) and nursing assistant (NA) temporary staffing, measured as hours per patient per day. Analyses controlled for unit and patient risk.FindingsUse of temporary staffing was common, with only 24% (n = 7,529) of the 30,980 unit‐days having no temporary RN staff and 13% (n = 3,951) having no temporary NAs. The hazard of death was increased by 12% for every day a patient experienced high levels (1.5 hr or more per day) of RN temporary staffing (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.21). The hazard of death was increased on days when NA temporary staffing was more than 0.5 hr per patient (aHR 1.06; 95% CI 1.03–1.08).ConclusionsDays with more than 1.5 hr per patient of temporary RNs and days with more than 0.5 hr of temporary NAs were associated with increased hazard of death.Clinical RelevanceHeavy reliance on temporary staff is associated with higher risk for patients dying. There is no evidence of harm associated with modest use of temporary RNs so that required staffing levels can be maintained.