bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left atrial size and risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in cardiogenic cerebral embolism
Authors: Quan Weiwei , Yang Xuezhi , Li Youyu , Li Jia , Ye Weiyi , Zhang Ou , Zhang Xu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundLeft atrial enlargement (LAE) was reported to be associated with ischemic stroke and its recurrence. Limited data are available on the relationship of LAE and cardiogenic cerebral embolism (CCE). Our aim is to access the association of left atrial size and the recurrence of ischemic stroke in CCE.MethodsWe prospectively included 303 CCE patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Left atrial size was estimated with left atrial diameter (LAD), diameter/height (LAD/H), and left atrial diameter/body surface area (LAD/BSA). The endpoint was one‐year recurrent ischemic stroke. Cox proportional hazard models were performed to access the association between left atrial size and recurrent ischemic stroke.ResultsDuring follow‐up, 27 patients suffered recurrent ischemic stroke. In multivariate COX regression models adjusted for confounders including age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, and history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), platelet count, fasting blood glucose (FBG), antithrombotic drugs at discharge, stroke volume, and cardiac output, LAD, LAD/H, and LAD/BSA all were independent risk factors of recurrent ischemic stroke [LAD: HR 1.065, 95% CI (1.006–1.128), p = .029; LAD/H: HR 1.157, 95% CI (1.066–1.255), p < .001; LAD/BSA: HR 1.128, 95% CI (1.059–1.202), p < .001]. Receiver‐operator characteristic curves showed that LAD/BSA had better predicting effect. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.543 [95%CI (0.444–0.642), p = .461) for LAD, 0.626 [95%CI (0.530–0.723), p = .03] for LAD/H, and 0.655 [95%CI (0.558–0.752), p = .008] for LAD/BSA.ConclusionLAE is an independent risk factor for one‐year recurrence of ischemic stroke in patients with CCE.
Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses
Authors: Kimura Naoaki , Kato Kota , Anetai Hidaka , Kawasaki Yuto , Miyaki Takayuki , Kudoh Hiroyuki , Sakai Tatsuo , Ichimura Koichiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionStrains of the soleus are widely found both in amateur and professional athletes. For their accurate regional diagnoses, understanding the anatomy of the spatial relationship between muscular fibers and tendinous structures is important because their interfaces are susceptible sites to muscle strains. Therefore, this study evaluated the precise architecture of the soleus.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated the precise anatomical architecture of the soleus in 87 formaldehyde‐fixed soleus muscles. To calculate mean relative physiological cross‐sectional area of each muscular fiber compartment, we measured the fiber length, volume, and pennation angle in isolated compartments.ResultsThe posterior soleus surface was covered by a broad aponeurotic posterior insertion tendon (PIT), which continued inferiorly to the insertion tendon. The anterior surface had three aponeurotic origin tendons, lateral origin tendon (LOT), medial origin tendon (MOT), and tendinous arch, which were arranged along the soleus margins. The anterior bipennate muscle portion (ABP), surrounded by the three origin structures, terminated as the sagittal insertion tendon (SIT), which continued inferiorly to PIT. The posterior main muscle portion behind LOT and MOT was separated into lateral and medial portions by the SIT. The soleus thus possessed a broad musculotendinous junction. Furthermore, ABP exhibited wide structural diversity in shape and size: in extreme cases, it was duplicated or absent.ConclusionSystematic anatomical descriptions of the soleus will be useful for accurate regional diagnosis of its strains with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography.
Ensure accessibility when moving to online formats
Authors: Hope Joan 
Published: August 2020

Online classes can be presented in a way that benefits everyone and meets the needs of students with disabilities, and it's not as hard as it seems, according to Tom Thibodeau, Assistant Provost at the New England Institute of Technology and co‐author of UDL in the Cloud! How to Design and Deliver Online Education Using Universal Design for Learning. He provided the following tips for incorporating Universal Design principles in online teaching in a webinar hosted by the Online Learning Consortium:
Dining halls must consider students with food allergies
Authors: Charmatz Marc 
Published: August 2020

A student with celiac disease alleged the University of Maryland violated Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act by failing to provide her with a gluten‐free diet, causing her to become seriously ill. See Hannah Smith v. University of Maryland, College Park, No. 8:20‐cv‐00433‐TDC (D. Md. 02/20/20).
Porous Carbon Networks Decorated with Cobalt on CoFe2O4 as an Air‐Breathing Electrode for High‐Capacity Rechargeable Lithium‐Air Batteries: Role of Metallic Cobalt Nanoparticles
Authors: Athika Mattath , Elumalai Perumal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for metal‐air batteries is an important aspect for its commercialization. We demonstrate the effect of Co nanoparticles and/or the porous carbon matrix in pristine CoFe2O4 (CFO) electrocatalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The Co/CoFe2O4‐carbon network (CCFOC) with a high surface area and good conductivity offered more active sites for oxygen adsorption as well as accelerated electron transfer kinetics, leading to superior ORR and OER activities. A Li‐air battery split cell was fabricated using the CCFOC as an air‐breathing electrode, which exhibited a high discharge capacity of 4320 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 100 mA g−1 with an acceptable cycling stability and columbic efficiency. The fabricated coin cell or the split cell Li‐air battery could power a commercial 2.8 V green LED bulb continuously for more than 6 h.
Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Electroluminescence of N‐Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Fabricated from an Electrochemical Exfoliation Process in Nitrogen‐Containing Electrolytes
Authors: Chu Kenneth , Adsetts Jonathan R. , He Shuijian , Zhan Ziying , Yang Liuqing , Wong Jonathan M. , Love David A. , Ding Zhifeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractArtificial lighting sources are one of the most important technological developments for our modern lives; the search for cost‐effective and efficient luminophores is therefore crucial to a sustainable future. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon‐based nanomaterials that exhibit exceptional optical and electronic properties, making them a prime candidate for a luminophore in a light‐emitting device. Nitrogen‐doped GQDs fabricated from a facile top‐down electrochemical exfoliation process with a nitrogen‐containing electrolyte in this report showed strong photoluminescent emission at 450 nm, and electrogenerated chemiluminescence at 660 nm in the presence of benzoyl peroxide as a coreactant. When introduced into solid‐state light‐emitting electrochemical cells, for the first time, the GQDs displayed a broad white emission centered at 610 nm, corresponding to Commision Internationale de l'eclairage (CIE) colour coordinates of (0.38, 0.36).
Myocardial infarction classification and its implications on measures of cardiovascular outcomes, quality, and racial/ethnic disparities
Authors: Hilliard Aaron L. , Winchester David E. , Russell Tanya D. , Hilliard Rosland D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHeart disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the United States, with approximately 805 000 cumulative deaths from myocardial infarctions (MI) from 2005 to 2014. Gender and racial/ethnic disparities in MI diagnoses are becoming more evident in quality review audits. Although recent changes in diagnostic codes provided an improved framework, clinically distinguishing types of MI remains a challenge. MI misdiagnoses and health disparities contribute to adverse outcomes in cardiac medicine. We conducted a literature review of relevant biomedical sources related to the classification of MI and disparities in cardiovascular care and outcomes. From the studies analyzed, African Americans and women have higher rates of mortality from MI, are more probably to be younger and present with other comorbidities and are less probably to receive novel therapies with respect to type of MI. As high‐sensitivity troponin assays are adopted in the United States, implementation should account for how race and sex differences have been demonstrated in the reference range and diagnostic threshold of the newer assays. More research is needed to assess how the complexity of health disparities contributes to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Creating dedicated medical quality teams (physicians, nurses, clinical documentation improvement specialists, and medical coders) and incorporating a plan‐do‐check‐adjust quality improvement model are strategies that could potentially help better define and diagnose MI, reduce financial burdens due to MI misdiagnoses, reduce cardiovascular‐related health disparities, and ultimately improve and save lives.
Differential impact of prognostic parameters in hormone receptor–positive lobular breast cancer
Authors: Christgen Matthias , Gluz Oleg , Harbeck Nadia , Kates Ronald E. , Raap Mieke , Christgen Henriette , Clemens Michael , Malter Wolfram , Nuding Benno , Aktas Bahriye , Kuemmel Sherko , Reimer Toralf , Stefek Andrea , Krabisch Petra , Just Marianne , Augustin Doris , Graeser Monika , Baehner Frederick , Wuerstlein Rachel , Nitz Ulrike , Kreipe Hans ,   the West German Study Group PlanB Investigators
Published: August 2020

BackgroundInvasive lobular breast cancer (BC) is the second most common BC subtype. Prognostic parameters (tumor classification, lymph node status, histologic grade, Oncotype DX recurrence score [RS], progesterone receptor status, and Ki67 index) were retrospectively studied in a large, prospective clinical trial encompassing 2585 patients who had hormone receptor‐positive early BC (the West German Study Group PlanB trial).MethodsBCs were centrally reviewed and classified as lobular (n = 353; 14%) or nonlobular (n = 2232; 86%). The median follow‐up was 60 months. Five‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) estimates were obtained using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Prognostic parameters were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsLobular BC was associated with higher tumor classification, higher lymph node status, lower histologic grade, lower Ki67 index, and low or intermediate RS. The prevalence of high RS (RS range, 26‐100) was 3‐fold lower in patients who had lobular BC compared with those who had nonlobular BC (8% vs 24%; P < .001). However, 5‐year DFS estimates for lobular and nonlobular BC were similar (92.1% and 92.3%, respectively; P = .673). In multivariate analyses, prognostic parameters for DFS in lobular BC included grade 3 (hazard ratio, 5.06; 95% CI, 1.91‐13.39) and a pathologic lymph node status (pN) of pN3 (hazard ratio, 12.16; 95% CI, 3.87‐38.24), but not RS. By contrast, prognostic parameters in nonlobular BC included grade 3 (hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.11‐2.44), pN3 (hazard ratio, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.60‐8.46), and high RS (hazard ratio, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.69‐3.68).ConclusionsLobular BC is associated with low and intermediate RS, although 5‐year DFS is similar to that of nonlobular BC. The effect of the RS in lobular BC appears to be distinct from that in nonlobular BC. For risk assessment, the RS needs to be complemented by clinicopathologic parameters for therapy decision making.
Clinical outcomes of solid organ transplant recipients with metastatic cancers who are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A single‐center analysis
Authors: Owoyemi Itunu , Vaughan Lisa E. , Costello Collin M. , Thongprayoon Charat , Markovic Svetomir N. , Herrmann Joerg , Otley Clark C. , Taner Timucin , Mangold Aaron R. , Leung Nelson , Herrmann Sandra M. , Kukla Aleksandra 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, but to the authors' knowledge, limited data exist regarding the safety and efficacy of these agents in transplant recipients. Herein, the authors have reported their experience with 17 patients who were treated with ICIs for metastatic malignancies after undergoing solid organ transplantation.MethodsData were abstracted for solid organ transplant recipients who received ICIs for the treatment of malignancy between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2019. The authors identified 7 kidney, 8 liver, and 2 heart transplant recipients. Outcomes of interest were adverse drug reactions, cancer progression, and patient survival.ResultsThe most common malignancies treated with ICIs were metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (5 patients; 29%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (5 patients; 29%), which were noted exclusively among liver transplant recipients. The median duration on ICIs was 1.7 months (interquartile range, 0.4‐7.6 months). Five patients (29%) developed adverse reactions, including 4 patients (24%) with immune‐related adverse events(irAEs), 3 patients (18%) with acute allograft rejections, 1 patient (6%) with autoimmune colitis, and 1 patient (6%) with ICI‐induced cardiotoxicity (the patient was a heart transplant recipient). The cumulative incidence of cancer progression was 50% and 69%, respectively, at 6 months and 12 months. Eleven patients (65%) died over the median follow‐up period of 4.6 months (interquartile range, 1.5‐13.2 months) from the time of ICI initiation, with cancer progression being the most common cause of death.ConclusionsICIs can be used as individualized therapy in selected patients who have undergone solid organ transplantation but more studies are needed to determine how best to use these agents to improve outcomes further.
Quality of care at safety‐net hospitals and the impact on pay‐for‐performance reimbursement
Authors: Sarkar Reith R. , Courtney P. Travis , Bachand Katie , Sheridan Paige E. , Riviere Paul J. , Guss Zachary D. , Lopez Christian R. , Brandel Michael G. , Banegas Matthew P. , Murphy James D. 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundPay‐for‐performance reimbursement ties hospital payments to standardized quality‐of‐care metrics. To the authors' knowledge, the impact of pay‐for‐performance reimbursement models on hospitals caring primarily for uninsured or underinsured patients remains poorly defined. The objective of the current study was to evaluate how standardized quality‐of‐care metrics vary by a hospital's propensity to care for uninsured or underinsured patients and demonstrate the potential impact that pay‐for‐performance reimbursement could have on hospitals caring for the underserved.MethodsThe authors identified 1,703,865 patients with cancer who were diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 and treated at 1344 hospitals. Hospital safety‐net burden was defined as the percentage of uninsured or Medicaid patients cared for by that hospital, categorizing hospitals into low‐burden, medium‐burden, and high‐burden hospitals. The authors evaluated the impact of safety‐net burden on concordance with 20 standardized quality‐of‐care measures, adjusting for differences in patient age, sex, stage of disease at diagnosis, and comorbidity.ResultsPatients who were treated at high‐burden hospitals were more likely to be young, male, Black and/or Hispanic, and to reside in a low‐income and low‐educated region. High‐burden hospitals had lower adherence to 13 of 20 quality measures compared with low‐burden hospitals (all P < .05). Among the 350 high‐burden hospitals, concordance with quality measures was found to be lowest for those caring for the highest percentage of uninsured or Medicaid patients, minority patients, and less educated patients (all P < .001).ConclusionsHospitals caring for uninsured or underinsured individuals have decreased quality‐of‐care measures. Under pay‐for‐performance reimbursement models, these lower quality‐of‐care scores could decrease hospital payments, potentially increasing health disparities for at‐risk patients with cancer.
The SNARE regulator Complexin3 is a target of the cone circadian clock
Authors: Bhoi Jacob D. , Zhang Zhijing , Janz Roger , You Yanan , Wei Haichao , Wu Jiaqian , Ribelayga Christophe P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBMAL1 is a core component of the mammalian circadian clockwork. Removal of BMAL1 from the retina significantly affects visual information processing in both rod and cone pathways. To identify potential pathways and/or molecules through which BMAL1 alters signal transmission at the cone pedicle, we performed an RNA‐seq differential expression analysis between cone‐specific Bmal1 knockout cones (cone‐Bmal1−/−) and wild‐type (WT) cones. We found 88 genes differentially expressed. Among these, Complexin3 (Cplx3), a SNARE regulator at ribbon synapses, was downregulated fivefold in the mutant cones. The purpose of this work was to determine whether BMAL1 and/or the cone clock controls CPLX3 protein expression at cone pedicles. We found that CPLX3 expression level was decreased twofold in cone‐Bmal1−/− cones. Furthermore, CPLX3 expression was downregulated at night compared to the day in WT cones but remained constitutively low in mutant cones both day and night. The transcript and protein expression levels of Cplx4—the other complexin expressed in cones—were similar in WT and mutant cones; in WT cones, CPLX4 protein level did not change with the time of day. In silico analysis revealed four potential BMAL1:CLOCK binding sites upstream from exon one of Cplx3 and none upstream of exon one of Cplx4. Our results suggest that CPLX3 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by the cone clock. The modulation of CPLX3 may be a mechanism by which the clock controls the cone synaptic transfer function to second‐order cells and thereby impacts retinal signal processing during the day/night cycle.
Engineering Porous Quasi‐Spherical Fe−N−C Nanocatalysts with Robust Oxygen Reduction Performance for Zn‐Air Battery Application
Authors: Huang Yanping , Liu Penggao , Hao Rui , Kan Shuting , Wu Yufeng , Liu Hongtao , Liu Kaiyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe accessibility to highly active oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with low cost is a priority for the rapid industrialization of Zn‐Air batteries. Herein, we propose a facile engineering synthesis of high‐activity quasi‐spherical Fe−N−C ORR nanocatalysts by chemical self‐assmbly. The morphological and structural features of the materials have been fully characterized. The synchrotron radiation techniques reveal that the targeted Fe−N−PQS‐900 with highly exposed Fe−Nx active sites well dispersed on the N‐rich micro‐nano carbon framework, endowing them with efficient access to oxygeneous species. The electrochemical measurements show its superior ORR catalytic performance to the commercial Pt/C catalyst, including a more positive half‐wave potential, smaller Tafel slope, better methanol‐tolerance capability, and more sustainable cycloability as well. An assembled Zn‐Air battery using the Fe−N−PQS‐900 as the cathode catalyst shows a specific capacity of 798 mAh g−1 with a power density of 114 mW cm−2 and an energy density of 958 Wh kg−1, enabling this non‐precious metal electrocatalyst very competitive in metal air fuel cell applications.
How to Illuminate the Dark Proteome Using the Multi‐omic OpenProt Resource
Authors: Brunet Marie A. , Lekehal Amina M. , Roucou Xavier 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTen of thousands of open reading frames (ORFs) are hidden within genomes. These alternative ORFs, or small ORFs, have eluded annotations because they are either small or within unsuspected locations. They are found in untranslated regions or overlap a known coding sequence in messenger RNA and anywhere in a “non‐coding” RNA. Serendipitous discoveries have highlighted these ORFs’ importance in biological functions and pathways. With their discovery came the need for deeper ORF annotation and large‐scale mining of public repositories to gather supporting experimental evidence. OpenProt, accessible at https://openprot.org/, is the first proteogenomic resource enforcing a polycistronic model of annotation across an exhaustive transcriptome for 10 species. Moreover, OpenProt reports experimental evidence cumulated across a re‐analysis of 114 mass spectrometry and 87 ribosome profiling datasets. The multi‐omics OpenProt resource also includes the identification of predicted functional domains and evaluation of conservation for all predicted ORFs. The OpenProt web server provides two query interfaces and one genome browser. The query interfaces allow for exploration of the coding potential of genes or transcripts of interest as well as custom downloads of all information contained in OpenProt. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Using the Search interfaceBasic Protocol 2: Using the Downloads interface
Psychometric properties of the German version of the fears of compassion scales
Authors: Biermann Miriam , Bohus Martin , Gilbert Paul , Vonderlin Ruben , Cornelisse Sven , Osen Bernhard , Graser Johannes , Brüne Martin , Ebert Andreas , Lyssenko Lisa , Kleindienst Nikolaus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe cultivation of compassion is associated with beneficial effects on physical and psychological health, satisfaction with life and social relationships. However, some individuals, especially those high in psychopathological symptoms or those with particular disorders such as borderline personality disorder (BPD) may demonstrate pronounced fears of engagement in compassionate experiences or behaviours. Furthermore, fears of compassion have been found to impede progress in psychotherapy. The 38‐item fears of compassion scales (FCS) is a self‐report questionnaire for measuring trait levels of fears of compassion (a) one receives from others (FCFO), (b) one feels towards others (FCTO) and (c) one feels for oneself (self‐compassion; FSC). The FCS is an internationally used instrument of proven validity and reliability in both clinical and nonclinical samples. In the present study, a German translation of the FCS including its three subscales was provided, and the psychometric properties were examined in 430 participants from four different samples: (a) a sample from the general population; (b) a mixed sample of psychiatric residential and outpatients; (c) a clinical sample of residential and outpatients with a primary diagnosis of BPD and (d) a sample of healthy control participants. Internal consistencies were excellent for the German version of the FSC and acceptable to excellent for its subscales. Correlations with established measures of mental health demonstrate its validity. Additionally, the German FCS discriminates significantly between individuals from the general population and patients, thus supporting its specificity. The German FCS is suitable to detect potential obstacles in cultivating compassion in psychotherapeutic treatments and beyond.