bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USING AIR EXCHANGE TO REDUCE THE PROBABILITY OF THE SPREAD OF THE CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Мелькумов В. Н. , Кузнецова Г. А. , Панин А. В. , Панов М. Я. 
Published: December 2020

Постановка задачи. Процессы вентиляции оказывают значительное влияние на распространение инфекций, передающихся воздушно-капельным путем. Необходимо использовать воздухообмен для снижения вероятности распространения подобных инфекций. Результаты. С использованием схемы воздушной передачи инфекционных заболеваний Уэллса-Райли разработана математическая модель распространения коронавирусной инфекции в лечебном учреждении, состоящем из группы сообщающихся помещений, в которых постоянно находятся и перемещаются как здоровые, так и инфицированные люди. Математическая модель позволяет учитывать перемещение людей по помещениям и оседание квантов генерации инфекции больным человеком при циркуляции воздуха. Получено общее решение математической модели, позволяющее рассчитать концентрацию квантов генерации инфекции в помещениях при функционировании лечебного учреждения. Выводы. Разработанная математическая модель лечебного учреждения позволяет глубже понять возможности распространения коронавирусной инфекции и учесть эти риски при проектировании лечебных учреждений.
Statement of the problem. Ventilation processes have a significant impact on the spread of airborne infections. It is necessary to use air exchange to reduce the likelihood of spreading such infections. Results. Using the Wells - Riley model of airborne transmission of infectious diseases, a mathematical model has been developed for the spread of the coronavirus infection in a medical institution consisting of a group of communicating rooms in which both healthy and infected people are constantly located and moved. The mathematical model makes it possible to take into account the movement of people around the premises and the settling of quanta of the generation of infection by a sick person when air moves. The general solution of the mathematical model is obtained, which allows one to calculate the concentration of quanta of generation of infection in the premises during the operation of a medical institution. Conclusions. The developed mathematical model of a medical institution provides a deeper understanding of the possibilities of the spread of the coronavirus infection and taking these risks into account when designing medical institutions.
ALTERNATIVE TO A SUPERPAVE SYSTEM IN THE FORMATION OF REGIONAL ROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Носов С. В. 
Published: December 2020

Постановка задачи. Для решения сложных проблем в области дорожного строительства главной задачей в области научных исследований является на сегодняшний день формирование и развитие региональных дорожных научно-исследовательских институтов или научно-исследовательских дорожных лабораторий. Результаты. Рассмотрены достоинства и недостатки двух методологий на пути повышения качества и долговечности основных конструктивных элементов автомобильных дорог (земляного полотна и дорожных покрытий), учитывающих множество основных и второстепенных факторов. Одна из методологий достаточно хорошо известна и обеспечивает на сегодняшний день требуемый уровень качества асфальтобетона за рубежом в рамках системы Superpave. Вторая методология основывается на реологическом подходе к совершенствованию технологий уплотнения дорожно-строительных материалов и известна дорожникам пока еще мало. Выводы. Установлено, что развитие первой методологии научных исследований у нас в стране весьма затруднительно, а второй - вполне доступно и реально на базе сформированных региональных научно-исследовательских дорожных организаций. При этом концепция их формирования определяет существенные преимущества применения второй методологии.
Statement of the problem. To solve complex problems in the field of road construction, the main task in the field of scientific research, which can easily and adequately develop with obtaining real results, is currently the formation and development of regional road research institutes or, in extreme cases, research road laboratories. Results. The advantages and disadvantages of two methodologies for improving the quality and durability of the main structural elements of roads (subgrade and pavement) are considered taking into account many primary and secondary factors. One of the methodologies is quite well known and presently provides the required level of quality of asphalt concrete abroad within the Superpave system. The second methodology is based on a rheological approach to improving the technology of compaction of road-building materials and little is known to road builders. Conclusions. It has been established that the development of the first methodology of scientific research in our country is very difficult, and the second is quite affordable and feasible on the basis of the formed regional research road organizations. Moreover, the concept of their formation determines the significant advantages of using the second methodology.
Managing the resilience of future marine specialists to sickness
Authors: Зайцев А.А. , Зайцева А.А. , Полещук Н.К. 
Published: December 2020

В статье приводится обоснование условий тренировки устойчивости к укачиванию будущих морских специалистов, способствующих снижению объемов нагрузки в специальных упражнениях и временных затрат на цикл подготовки. Предложен способ расчета перегрузок в упражнениях, применяемых в активной, пассивной и смешанной тренировках устойчивости к укачиванию. Значение критерия определяется путем вычисления отношения полного ускорения, действующего на вестибулярный анализатор в процессе движения, к ускорению свободного падения. Установлено, что ведущей теорией для отбора средств тренировки является теория сенсорного конфликта. Дается описание и обоснование применения авторских разработок для тренировки статического и динамического равновесия на возвышенной, наклонной, качающейся и соскальзывающей опорах, моделирующих условия сохранения статокинетической устойчивости в морских условиях. Предложен необходимый и достаточный комплекс технических устройств и тренажеров для управления устойчивостью будущих морских специалистов к укачиванию.
The article substantiates the conditions of resistance to motion sickness of future marine specialists, the possibilities of the system for measuring the load in special exercises and the time spent on the training cycle. A method for calculating overloads in exercises used in active, passive and mixed trainings of resistance to motion sickness is proposed. The value is determined by calculating the ratio of the total acceleration acting on the vestibular analyzer during the acceleration of gravity. It has been established that the leading theory for the selection of training means is the theory of sensory conflict. A description and justification of the use of author's developments for training static and dynamic balance on an elevated, inclined, swinging and sliding support, simulating the conditions for maintaining statokinetic stability in marine conditions, is given. The necessity and a sufficient set of technical devices and simulators for the sustainable development of marine specialists for motion sickness is proposed.
Load characteristics of three-plunger pumps for spray seawater fire-fighting
Authors: Наумов В.А. , Великанов Н.Л. , Тришина А.В. 
Published: December 2020

Цель статьи – получить эмпирические зависимости для характеристик трехплунжерных противопожарных насосов (ТПН), необходимые для автоматизации расчетов систем тушения пожаров на судах с применением распыленной морской воды. Задачи исследования: проверка непротиворечивости данных испытаний; определение расчетных зависимостей производительности ТПН, к.п.д., затраченной мощности от давления. Проведенный анализ результатов испытаний ТПН подтвердил возможность использования предложенных зависимостей в инженерных расчетах. Данные измерений удовлетворительно согласуются с результатами расчетов, за исключением к.п.д. Отклонение экспериментальных точек от эмпирических зависимостей, скорее всего, связано с занижением значений затраченной мощности на испытаниях при небольших давлениях. Предложено для оценки к.п.д. использовать ранее полученную типовую зависимость. Построены графики для характеристик насоса NP25/41-170S. Пример расчета рабочей точки насосной установки с использованием приближенной гидравлической характеристики водяной пожарной системы судна показал высокую эффективность предложенных методик.
The purpose of the article is to obtain empirical dependences for the characteristics of three-plunger fire-fighting pumps (TFP), which are necessary for automating calculations of fire extinguishing systems on ships using sprayed seawater. Research objectives: checking the consistency of test data; determining the calculated dependences of the TFP performance, efficiency, power expended on pressure. The analysis of the TFP test results confirmed the possibility of using the proposed dependencies in engineering calculations. The measurement data are in satisfactory agreement with the results of calculations, with the exception of efficiency. The deviation of experimental points from the empirical dependences is most likely due to an underestimation of the power consumed during tests at low pressures. It is proposed to use the previously obtained typical dependence to estimate the efficiency. Graphs are plotted for the characteristics of the NP25/41-170S pump. An example of calculating the working point of a pumping unit using the approximate hydraulic characteristics of the ship's water fire system showed the high efficiency of the proposed methods.
DESIGNING THE CONTENT OF STOCHASTIC TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF MATHEMATICAL DIRECTIONS
Authors: Кузнецова Елена Васильевна , Ткаченко Светлана Владимировна 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются проблемы, принципы, этапы и структура содержания теоретико-вероятностной подготовки студентов направления Прикладная математика.
The article deals with the problems, principles, stages and structure of the content of the probability-theoretic training of students in the Applied Mathematics direction.
PANIC ATTACK THERAPY. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Приленский Борис Юрьевич , Коленчик Георгий Викторович 
Published: December 2020

На сегодняшний день панические атаки являются достаточно распространенным и трудным для лечения заболеванием. Помимо этого, не существует четкой схемы терапии данной патологии, в связи с чем, считаем целесообразным рассмотреть и проанализировать современные способы терапии данного недуга.
Today, panic attacks are a fairly common and difficult disease to treat. In addition, there is no clear treatment scheme for this pathology, in connection with which we consider it appropriate to consider and analyze modern methods of therapy for this disease.
Nossa Senhora do Desterro de Lisboa: depois de convento e hospital, que futuro?
Authors: Moura Soares Clara , Neto Maria João , Mehnert Pascoal Ana , Alves da Cunha João 
Published: December 2020

O Hospital do Desterro, situado na Colina de Santana, em Lisboa, foi desativado em 2007, depois de ter sido um hospital de referência no domínio das doenças venéreas e da dermatologia durante mais de 150 anos.
O edifício, concebido como mosteiro da ordem de Cister, em finais do século XVI, transporta consigo vários séculos de história, mas cuja coerência arquitetónica, as suas múltiplas utilizações tenderam a diluir.
Alvo de um recente projeto de reutilização multifuncional de habitação, turismo, lazer e saúde, depois de largas décadas de discussão sobre a inadequabilidade das instalações para uso hospitalar, o debate voltou-se para a salvaguarda do edifício, com novas funções, e para a defesa dos seus valores históricos e patrimoniais.
O presente estudo procura trazer novos dados históricos e novas leituras sobre o edifício do antigo Real Mosteiro de Nossa Senhora do Desterro, em particular para as duas últimas centúrias, enquanto as obras se mantêm suspensas e o seu futuro em aberto.
RF MARKER SIMULATION MODEL FOR INTERVENTIONAL MRI APPLICATIONS
Authors: BAYSOY Engin 
Published: December 2020

RF MARKER SIMULATION MODEL FOR INTERVENTIONAL MRI APPLICATIONS

Compared to the other imaging modalities Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system has many advantages. There is a great demand to carry out interventional cardiovascular procedures under MRI scanner. However, the lack of visible markers and MRI compatible interventional instruments and devices, is the main problem for realizing clinical applications with MRI guidance. In order to provide widespread usage of MRI for endovascular operations, commercial catheters and guidewires must be manufactured by considering many performance criteria including visualization, miniaturization, flexibility and safety.
In this study, an orientation independent simulation model was developed and validated to obtain a reliable method for evaluating the designed RF marker structures in a MRI environment. Utilized RF coil designs have similar size and properties with former constructed clinical grade MRI compatible RF markers in experimental works [1]. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations were carried out for different RF coil designs to make the computational analysis of their electrical and magnetic characteristics by using COMSOL Multiphysics program.
By delineating an approved simulation platform of a MRI environment, various different designs of RF marker prototypes can be compared between each other in many aspects, instead of realizing these models. Proposed simulation platform enables a convenient facility to determine various parameters of micro coils that have significant effects on visibility and safety performance of the candidate designs including signal to noise ratio (SNR) and Quality (Q) factor, RF induced heating and specific absorption rate (SAR).
Superorbital Modulation in the High-mass X-Ray Binary 4U 1538–52 and Possible Modulation in IGR J16393–4643
Authors: Corbet Robin H. D. , Coley Joel B. , Krimm Hans A. , Pottschmidt Katja , Roche Paul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hard X-ray observations with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) reveal superorbital modulation in the wind-accreting supergiant high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) 4U 1538−52 at a period of 14.9130 ± 0.0026 days that is consistent with four times the 3.73 day orbital period. These periods agree with a previously suggested correlation between superorbital and orbital periods in similar HMXBs. During the ∼14 yr of observations the superorbital modulation changes amplitude, and since ∼MJD 57,650 it was no longer detected in the power spectrum, although a peak near the second harmonic of this was present for some time. Measurements of the spin period of the neutron star in the system with the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor show a long-term spin-down trend, which halted toward the end of the light curve, suggesting a connection between

and superorbital modulation, as proposed for 2S 0114+650. However, an earlier torque reversal from INTEGRAL observations was not associated with superorbital modulation changes. B- and V-band photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory reveals orbital ellipsoidal photometric variability, but no superorbital optical modulation. However the photometry was obtained when the 14.9130 day period was no longer detected in the BAT power spectrum. We revisit possible superorbital modulation in BAT observations of IGR J16393−4643 but cannot conclusively determine whether this is present, although it is not persistent. We consider superorbital modulation mechanisms, and suggest that the corotating interaction region model, with small deviations from orbital synchronization, appears promising.
A Closer Look at Two of the Most Luminous Quasars in the Universe
Authors: Schindler Jan-Torge , Fan Xiaohui , Novak Mladen , Venemans Bram , Walter Fabian , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi , Yue Minghao , Bañados Eduardo , Huang Yun-Hsin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ultraluminous quasars (M
1450 ≤ −29) provide us with a rare view into the nature of the most massive and most rapidly accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Following the discovery of two of these extreme sources, J0341+1720 (M
1450 = −29.56, z = 3.71) and J2125−1719 (M
1450 = −29.39, z = 3.90), in the Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (ELQS) and its extension to the Pan-STARRS 1 footprint (PS-ELQS), we herein present an analysis of their rest-frame UV to optical spectroscopy. Both quasars harbor very massive SMBHs with

and

, respectively, showing evidence of accretion above the Eddington limit (

and

). NOEMA 3 millimeter observations of J0341+1720 reveal a highly star-forming (SFR ≈ 1500 M
⊙ yr−1), ultraluminous infrared galaxy (L
IR ≈ 1.0 × 1013
L
⊙) host, which, based on an estimate of its dynamical mass, is only ∼30 times more massive than the SMBH it harbors at its center. As examples of luminous super-Eddington accretion, these two quasars provide support for theories that explain the existence of billion solar mass SMBHs ∼700 million years after the Big Bang by moderate super-Eddington growth from standard SMBH seeds.
Croisement dynamique des regards du formateur et de l’apprenant dans la formation à la pratique professionnelle : une méthodologie écosystémique
Authors: Krähenbühl Zoé , Gillet François 
Published: December 2020

L’exercice d’apprentissage en travail social est un acte délicat, tant pour les formateurs que pour l’apprenant. Les différentes parties entrent dans un processus de partage d’expériences, de savoirs et de questionnements. Ils doivent s’accorder pour se comprendre. Dans un contexte international, lorsque les repères sociaux ou culturels sont différents, les protagonistes vont avoir l’occasion de remettre en question leur compréhension de l’autre en s’apercevant que la lecture utilisée jusque-là ne s’avère pas toujours être en totale adéquation avec la situation vécue. Dans cet article le témoignage d’une étudiante en stage international de travail social nous montre comment son expérience de stage et notamment sa communication avec l’équipe a pu être analysée et regardée « autrement » suite à un processus de supervision.
Predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with influenza: a five-year experience from a tertiary care centre in Pakistan
Authors: Khanum Iffat , Ahmed Amber Sabeen , Awan Safia , Bano Sabiha , Jamil Bushra 
Published: December 2020

Influenza outbreaks are associated with significant morbidity. Our aim was to determine the factors associated with increased mortality in hospitalized patients admitted with diagnosis of influenza, at a tertiary care center in Pakistan. This study included all adult patients with an influenza infection, confirmed by realtime reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) at Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan. In our study, 112 patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection were admittedat our hospital from the 1st of January 2013 to the 31st of December 2018. Eighty-nine patients (79.46%) were managed in ward or special care units and 23 patients (20.5%) received treatment in intensive care unit (ICU). The overall mortality in our study was 15/112 (13.4%) with the mortality rate of ICU patients being 47.8% while the mortality rate of patients treated in special care units and wards was only 4.5%. The mean age of patients with influenza infection was 58.1 years (±16.6). Influenza virus type A was found in 87 patients (77.6%), while influenza type B was present in only 25 (22.4%) patients. Out of the 15 non-survivors, 14 had influenza A. Only 17 patients (15.2%) were found to have positive culture of respiratory specimen, out of which 3 were non-survivors and 14 were survivors. Our analysis identified septic shock (odds ratio 45.24; 95%, confidence interval 6.20-330; p<0.001), renal failure (odds ratio 10.88; 95%, confidence interval 1.61-73.52; p=0.01) and ICU stay (odds ratio 17.22; 95%, confidence interval 2.68-110.5; p=0.003) as independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality.
Sleep Disorders in a Shift Worker Population Sample in Turkey
Authors: Gok Duygu Kurt , Ünal İlker , Aslan Kezban 
Published: December 2020

Aims:
This study aims to determine the sleep quality of night-shift workers, determine the prevalence and characteristics of sleep disorders related to shift work, and compare sleep characteristics between shift workers and day workers.

Subjects and Methods:
The study included 1473 individuals employed in three different areas (health, security, and labor) as shift (78.5%) or day (21.5%) workers in the city of Adana, Turkey. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of 132 questions. The questionnaire included demographic data, education level, socioeconomic status, shift schedule, accompanying health problems, sleep disorders and sleeping habits, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Berlin Questionnaire, and the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) scale.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The SPSS for Windows 20.00 software package was used for statistical analyses.

Results:
Day workers and shift workers exhibited excessive daytime sleepiness in 17.1% and 24.9% (P = 0.004), poor sleep quality in 41.5% and 44.3% (P = 0.374), chronic insomnia in 8% and 16.2% (P < 0.001), RLS in 4.7% and 5.3% (P = 0.818), and sleep-disordered breathing in 7.3% and 7% (P = 0.864), respectively.

Conclusions:
Shift work significantly compromises sleep quality. In particular, fixed night shifts or rotating shift workers experience relatively higher rates of decline in subjective sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and chronic insomnia compared with day workers.
Management of Hardware Infections in Deep-Brain Stimulation
Authors: Hamzaoğlu Vural , Özalp Hakan , Doğu Okan , Öksüz Nevra , Aydın Sabri , Akbıyık Tolga , Dağtekin Ahmet , Avcı Emel , Bağdatoğlu Celal 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
The introduction of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) was a milestone in the treatment of movement disorders, intractable epilepsy, and severe psychiatric disorders. We aimed to identify risk factors for hardware infection in patients with these conditions who underwent DBS at our center over a 4-year period.

Materials and Methods:
Bilateral DBS was performed in seventy patients by the Department of Neurosurgery at the Mersin University School of Medicine between April 2016 and January 2020. The surgical indication was Parkinson's disease in 48 patients, dystonia in 11 patients (10 primary generalized and 1 secondary), and tremor in 11 patients (10 essential tremor and 1 other).

Results:
Infection was detected in eight patients (11.4%). There were no hardware complications other than infection or postoperative intracerebral hematomas. The entire device was explanted in four (50%) patients with infection; device explantation occurred at 3, 13, 19, and 42 months after surgery. The other 4 (50%) patients who developed infection were successfully treated with antibiotics without complication. A patient with primary dystonia who underwent bilateral globus pallidus interna DBS sustained a severe acute subdural hematoma due to trauma 45 days after electrode implantation but prior to stimulation. We elected not to explant the device after hematoma evacuation; delayed stimulation programming was successful.

Conclusion:
DBS surgeries are susceptible to complications related to the anatomic target, hardware, and the procedure itself. Infection is the most common complication; however, there is no established protocol for its treatment. Antibiotics and partial removal of the device may be a rational approach.