bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design a Mobile Learning Framework for students in Higher Education
Authors: Ahmed Awder Mohammed , Ghareb Mazen Ismaeel 
Published: July 2020

ML (mobile learning) has extended e-learning to a new paradigm of “anywhere, anytime learning”. The use of 3G and 4G Phones (high-speed data transfer) will be represented as a great opportunity for both learners and teachers to meet together, access and exchange information in virtual spaces whilst on the move. The aim of this work is to design a mobile learning framework for Students in higher education. Thus, this will provide better quality of teaching. Additionally, Mobile learning (M-learning) has turned into a critical instructive innovation part in advanced education. M-learning makes it workable for students to learn, team up, and impart thoughts among each other as much as web innovation and improvements will allow. In any case, M-learning acknowledgment by learners and instructors is basic to the occupations of M-learning frameworks. Attitudes towards M-learning innovation is an imperative method to measuring whether or not learners and instructors are prepared to utilize M-learning. Such attitudes will serve to distinguish qualities and shortcomings and encourage the advancement of the innovation foundation. We will investigate students and instructors' state of the arts in using M-learning in higher institutes for some of Private and Public universities of Ministry of higher education. As a result of student feedback regarding M-learning methods of teaching, a suitable framework for M-learning is proposed by reviewing many other frameworks and also by the analysis of results of a survey that asked many students and staff in higher education fields.
Impact of Civil Society on Good Governance
Authors: Al-Sauri Hassan 
Published: July 2020

أدبيات الحكم الراشد لم تتطرق إلى الدور الذي تؤديه منظمات المجتمع المدني في احتمال نجاحه وترسيخه أو فشله تعثراً أو موتاً. لم تتوفر دراسات مباشرة في الموضوع هذا بحيث يوجد ما يشبه القواعد الاجتماعية الضرورية لبناء ورعاية نظام سياسي راشد. ركزت الدراسات على ماهية الحكم الراشد وآلياته وأشكاله المختلفة، ولكنها أغفلت أساسيات الانتقال إليه من نظم الاستبداد. كانت هذه هي مشكلة الدراسة، والتساؤلات المتعلقة بها لبحث الإجابات الممكنة، تتضمن أسئلة الدراسة الآتي:
هل هنالك أي علاقة بين منظمات المجتمع المدني والحكم الراشد؟ أتكون هذه علاقة إيجابية أم سلبية؟ كيف يكون تأثيرها على آليات الحكم الراشد؟ المنهج الضروري لهذه الدراسة هو المنهج المتكامل الذي يتضمن الوصف والتاريخ والقانون.
الفرضية الأساسية تقول: توجد علاقة إيجابية بين نجاح الحكم الراشد ودور منظمات المجتمع المدني التي يعتبر نشاطها مساعداً لنمو ورعاية منهج قبول الآخر والتعايش معه كمحور أساسي للعملية الديمقراطية. ذلك هو منهج التوفيق بين الآراء والمواقف المتعارضة. يتكون هذا البحث من مقدمة وعدد من المحاور تتمثل في ماهية الحكم الراشد وآلياته، والكيفية التي تعمل بها هذه الآليات، ثم علاقة ذلك بوظيفة منظمات المجتمع المدني المرتبطة بالعملية التدريبية القائمة على منهج استيعاب الآخر لا منهج إقصائه.
The role of the level of accounting disclosure in financial reports on the efficiency of the stock market from the point of view of the auditors in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq
Authors: Isa Sirwan Kareem , Hama Saeed Vyan Sulaiman , Ahmad Dler Musa 
Published: July 2020

يهدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على دور الافصاح المحاسبي في التقارير المالية من وجهة نظر مراقبي الحسابات لغرض تحـسين كفاءة سوق الاوراق المالية ، ولتحقيـق الاهـداف المطلوبة من البحث ، فقد قام الباحثين باعداد استمارة استبيانQuestionnaire)) وبالاستفادة مـن بعض الدراسات السابقة في مجال بحثهما ، وقد تكون الاستبيان من ( 12 ) سـؤالا موجـه للمـراقبي الحسابات وموزعة على جزء رئيسي وهي:
مستوى الافصاح في التقارير المالية ودورها في كفاءة سوق الاوراق المالية من وجهة نظر مراقبي الحسابات في اقليم كوردستان.
تم توزيع (57) إستبانة على (المراقبي الحسابات)، وقد بلغ عدد المستجبين (54) أما الإستمارات المقبولة والصالحة للتحليل فقد بلغ (52) ،حيث كانت خيارات الاجابات على وفقا لمقياس ليكرت الخماسي ( اتفق تماما" – اتفق – محايد – لااتفق – لااتفق تماما" ) وذلك بهـدف معرفة الدور الذي يمكن ان تؤديه الافصاح المحاسبي في التقارير المالية للشركات المدرجة فـي سوق الاوراق المالية في اقليم كوردستان وتأثيرها في انشاء سوق كفوءة وتحسين القرارت التي يتخذها المستثمرين المتعاملين في هذه السوق.
ومن اهم نتائج البحث كانت ان لمستوى الافصاح للتقارير دور كبير على كفاءة السوق المالي في الاقليم من وجهة النظر المراقبي الحسابات .
وفي ضوء هذه النتائج قدم الباحثين مجموعة من التوصيات ومن اهمها من الضروري التزام بالمستوى الافصاح للتقارير المالية لاجل حصول على سوق مالي كفوء ونشط في الاقليم كوردستان في المستقبل.
The impact of economic diversification on improving the investment climate in Iraq for the period 2003-2014
Authors: Fahd Aysar Yaseen , Jasm Ahmed Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the nature and volume of FDI inflows to Iraq during the period between 2003 and 2014 with reference to its importance in diversifying sources of income and reduce the risk of over-reliance on oil revenues, which exceed 97% of total public revenues.
The study showed that the lack of pre-drawn strategy and prevented in attracting domestic and foreign investment without making the Iraqi economy a favorable climate to attract investment or directing those investment which entered to the sectors that are capable to contribute to the achievement of a genuine development through their effective contribution to capital formation and to its connections with the front and rear rest sectors.
The role of the industrial city in Sulaymaniyah - Arabat in encouraging domestic and foreign investments
Authors: Ali Younis , Jalal Amanj 
Published: July 2020

It has become a subject of growth and development conditional on the role of the industrial sector, which is place and areas where fundamental services are constituents is the main components to development of the industry. Therefore, the industrial Zone has a significant role in achieving these goals, and especially in attracting domestic and foreign investments. Additionally, this research deals with the study and evaluation of the role of industrial Zone in the Sulaimani governorate by identifying and diagnosing problem and obstacles in the industrial Zone in the Sulaimani governorate, as well as to identify and provide strategies and solutions to overcome these obstacles, and then use them to encourage and attract domestic and foreign investments.
Besides, the most important findings of the study that despite suffering the Sulaimani industrial Zone of lack infrastructure, financial and administrative obstacles for investors (domestic and foreign), but the role of industrial zone of Sulaimani in the exploitation of local resources and job creation relatively high, which is (61%) and (80%), respectively. Thus, it is necessary Kurdistan government (The concerned authorities in the province of Sulaimani) Work on the appropriate economic and trade policies to encourage domestic and foreign investors to set up their projects and invest capitals within the industrial zone of Sulaimani, which is by increasing the incentives and tax breaks, and work to establish a private bank to finance projects within the industrial zone.
The role of activating work ethic in reducing manifestations of administrative corruption
Authors: Aljaf Nazima Ahmed , Sadq Zana Majeed , Hassan Ryam Salah 
Published: July 2020

This study seeks to activate the job carrier ethic in curbing the phenomenon of administrative corruption. To achieve the objectives of this study secondary data collected to clarify the concepts of both job carrier ethic and administrative corruption. In addition to design and development a survey questionnaire distributed to the administrative leadership of deans and their assistants as well as the heads of scientific departments at Koya University Kurdistan Region –Iraq. The study problem embodied in a basis question that: What is the role of job carrier ethic in the reduction of administrative corruption and its demonstration in the view of the respondents. Two main hypotheses will be tested:

Correlation hypothesis: there is a statistically significant correlation between the activation of job carrier ethic in reducing the phenomenon of administrative corruption.
2. Impact hypothesis: There is a significant impact of job carrier ethic on reducing the phenomenon of administrative corruption.

SPSS program used along with a range of statistical methods for the purposes of analyzing the questionnaire items including percentages and frequency to analyze the respondent's answers of paragraphs contained in the questionnaire. In order to testing the study hypothesis, the study will rely on the correlation coefficient (Pearson) to test the correlation between study variables. Moreover, multiple regression analysis will be used to determine the impact of the independent variable (job carrier ethic) on dependent variable (administrative corruption). The study found that there is a positive correlation and an impact between activate the job carrier ethic in curbing the phenomenon of administrative corruption. Based on the above, this study recommends the necessitate of university management to work to make greater efforts to infuse the concept of ethics career as one-dimensional organizational and regulatory environment appropriate to provide the personnel as well as introduce the concept of career work ethic in institutes and universities within their curricula independent in the years of the study.
The role of process re-engineering as a management accounting method in developing financial performance
Authors: Khzir Karzan Adnan , Mahmood Rafiq Faraj 
Published: July 2020

This research aims to indicate the impact of reengineering process on the development of financial performance of the Human Development University. In order to do so, the research relies on qualitative approach and collects data based questionnaire distributed among faculty members and staff of the university. In addition, the research applies reengineering process and investigates the possibility of improving and developing it aiming to improve the efficiency and increase the effectiveness of the financial departments’ operations of the University of Human Development.
The findings of this study claim that reengineering process application has led to the creation of substantial amendments to the university systems. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between the reengineering process and the development of financial performance. In conclusion, study suggests that the Human Development University need to improve its financial performance.
Shia armed groups in the Middle East And its impact on Iraq's political systems as a model
Authors: Kakarash Tareq , Rashid Kardo Kareem 
Published: July 2020

معظم الآراء السياسة تقول أن السبب الرئيس لظهور المليشيات في العراق ،هو نظام الحكم فيه، الذي أعتمدعلى الطائفية في بناء مؤسسات الدولة، والتكتل السياسي، وإستيراد الأعراق المختلفة ودمجها بالشعب، وتلاحظ مثل هذه السياسة تاريخياً في نظام الحكم الإسلامي ،اذ أستقدم الأعراق المختلفة للحكم كالأتراك، وكذلك مجيء المماليك في حكم الدولة العباسية في العصر الثاني والثالث، وأصبحت الميليشيات سمة من سمات الدولة العراقية الحديثة سواء خلال عقود الهيمنة البريطانية، أوخلال الحكم الملكي، أو عبر عقود الإستقلال الوطني وإعلان الحكم الجمهوري بعد ثورة 14 تموز 1958، وإلى يومنا هذا في ظل الإحتلال الأمريكي .
E-learning Competencies of the Lecturers at Koya University and its Relationship with Some Variables*
Authors: Abdul-Rahman Jabbar Ahmed , Abdullah Zhwan Dalshad 
Published: July 2020

Knowing the ability and willingness of lecturers in using technology tasks is a key competency, necessary for learning and teaching. This study aimed to explore the list of e-learning competencies that university lecturers should have, and identify the availability of e-learning competencies of Koya University lecturers. The results revealed that e-learning competencies achieved good level among Koya University teaching staff, and also found no statistically significant differences between male and female lecturers in their e-learning competencies. The faculty of Engineering outweighs both faculties of Humanities and Education, and the faculty of Science and Health outweigh the faculty of Humanities in their e-learning competencies. Additionally, there were no significant differences between lecturers according to academic ranks in their e-learning competencies.
The Reality of Ethics and the Ways of strengthening them to Prevent Corruption
Authors: Muhammad Farooq H , Mustafa Areean 
Published: July 2020

This study highlights the concept of management ethics and its role in the prevention of corruption. Generally, it is an attempt to put the approach to the management ethics and strengthen the moral culture that pious of corruption which had widespread within the developing countries since decades. In this study, the descriptive analysis methodology has been used. The data on the dimensions of the study is collected through a review of the relevant literature and previous studies. The research results showed that the individual morality building and ethics compliances have a vital role in preventing corruption rather than uncovering and exposing the involved persons too late. The bottom line is the construction of the ethics of the administration less costs than the demolition of corruption. Based on the results of the study, the researchers recommend a number of management ethics measures for the prevention of administrative corruption. The respondents preferred the implicit forms more than the explicit form. Among the best explicit forms that have been chosen, they prefer the training and education of ethics, the search for the causes of immoral acts and the crafting of codes of ethics respectively.
Overall recommendations call for an important point which can be named as institutionalizing for ethics through a number of implicit and explicit measures.
The Effect of Using a Learning JOURNAL in Teaching Semantics on the Tertiary Level Juniors’ Achievements
Authors: Muhammad Ghayda Ali 
Published: July 2020

This research-paper was dedicated to investigate the effects of using a largely learner-centered approach (namely a learning JOURNAL) to teach semantics to tertiary level juniors.
An experiment was designed to involve the junior-learners at the Department of English-School of Languages-faculty of Humanities-University of Zakho as a research-sample during the academic-year 2014-2015.
The experimental design was based on dividing the research–sample into 2 groups; (experimental group) and (control group). The same approach in instruction was almost wholly used with both groups except that the experimental group learners, after every assignment’s representation made in the classroom, were asked to write down, whatever ideas elicited from the presentation, in a journal technically called by the study as a Learning JOURNAL. One of the aims of the study was to find out if the learners could develop learner-led syllabus by means of writing in the presumed Learning JOURNA, as well as to find out whether using such a JOURNAL would have an effect on the learners’ achievements in both, the formal tests and the summative tests. Then, in order to measure, on part of the learners, the benefits, the said approach in teaching semantics, a questionnaire was designed to get feedback from the learners.
Finally, the study arrived at a variety of findings, which all mostly poured to the benefit of using the Learning JOURNAL as a tool in teaching, whether in the learners’ achievements or in the instruction process; all manifested by improvement in the achievements of the experimental group and its members’ ability to develop a learner-led syllabus to be sued as major reference in reviews for examination.
Wireless Control and Monitoring of Industrial Processes by AVR and LabVIEW
Authors: Fadhil Tamara Z. 
Published: July 2020

This paper presents expansion, enhancement, design and implementation of wireless SCADA systems to control a variety of industrial processes from a master location which include authorizing vast monitoring for pipelines, natural gas, petroleum fields, water and transportation systems, chemical plants, utilities, oil refineries, power generation, electrical grid and an immense assortment of industrialization functionality. The control of environmental temperature, oil pressure, gases concentration, fuel tank level in power industrial plant had been collected and analyzed with a high power capacity 1 MW, based on Master terminal unit (MTU) design for data acquisition from Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) sensors and wireless data transfer using 2.4 GHz RF module, makes sensors data collection come true.
Evaluation of inkurdish Machine Translation System
Authors: Kaka-Khan Kanaan Mikael , Taher Fatima Jalal 
Published: July 2020

Lack of having a perfect machine translation for Kurdish language is a huge gap in Kurdish Language processing (KNLP). inkurdish is a first machine translation system for Kurdish language which is capable of translating English into Kurdish sentences. Building "inkurdish" machine translation system was a great point regarding Kurdish language processing, but like any other translation system has strengths as well as many shortcomings and issues. This paper tries to evaluate inkurdish machine translation system according to both linguistics and computational issues. It might help any other researchers interested in doing research in this field. It attempts to evaluate inKurdish from different perspectives, such as, giving un common words, sentences, phrases and paragraphs in this machine to check whether it provides the correct translation or not. A general evaluation can be done after getting a valid sample with their translations from the machine and compared to the meanings of the words outside the machine.
The Influence of Arabic on the Kurdish Language Book (DOO Rashta) Model
Authors: Nasrualldeen Abduallah Adham 
Published: July 2020

This paper studies the influence of the Arabic language on the Kurdish language, to what extent the Kurdish language is influenced by the Arabic language and the forms of this linguistic influence. It is well-known that the non-Arabic speaking Islamic peoples were much influenced by the language of the Holy Quran. This is so because they need to understand the teachings of Islam. The aim of the present study is to reveal the forms in which the Kurdish language is influenced by the Arabic language and the forms in which Arabic words are used in the Kurdish language. This influence is manifested in three issues:

The influence of Arabic on the Kurdish language by vocabularies which have retained their Arabic morphological and phonological structure.
Its influence on the Kurdish language by vocabularies which obey the grammar of the Kurdish language, i.e. they are attached to Kurdish pronouns and used in the negative and interrogative according to the rules of the Kurdish language.
Its influence on the Kurdish language by replacing some sounds in the Arabic words by other sounds consistent with the linguistic use of the Kurdish language. The reason behind that is the proximity or the sameness of the place of articulation.

Its influence on the Kurdish language by replacing some sounds in the Arabic words by other sounds consistent with the linguistic use of the Kurdish language due to the features of the sound.
The extent possibility of implementing balanced scorecard within manufacturing industries sector in Sulaymaneyah Governorate
Authors: Muhammad Farooq H 
Published: July 2020

This research is part of a broader investigation into disclosing the reasons behind the impossibility of applying advanced management techniques and tools in developing countries. The aim of this research is to find out the availability of requirements and then obstacles in applying the balanced scorecard method in the manufacturing sector because of the importance of this sector in economic development. The importance of choosing the province of Sulaymaneyah as a research population place is due to according to the industrial indicators of the Kurdistan Region Statistics Authority and the Iraq's Central Statistics Organization; the province is considered a more developed model in the industrial sector in Iraq and contains high proportion of small, medium and large, miscellaneous enterprises. The research adopted an analytical descriptive method, where secondary data was collected through a comprehensive survey and access to what was written previously on relevant and then collecting primary data through conducting the questionnaire, in addition to field visits and access to the archive of information on these projects in the relevant directorates. Then the descriptive and inferential statistics were used to organize, display and analyze the data and to arrive at accurate results and realistic conclusions and so that the researcher formulated a set of recommendations according to the conclusions. The results showed that the financial perspective remains the highest priority among all other perspectives (Customers, Internal processes, learning and growth) perspective. And most of the firms lack strategic management and they do not have the basic requirements and there are actually a number of obstacles to the application of this tool. It is expected that the results and recommendations help the decision makers of industrial enterprises to adopt and move towards the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard more broadly. The results of the research confirm some of the prevailing theoretical concepts and recommendations provide possible solutions or help for institutional changes to enhance performance management generally. Finally, the numbers of the future research were proposed.
The legal interests between religious thoughts and economic requirements
Authors: Omer Saman Fawzi , Rashid Hunar Rahma 
Published: July 2020

The current research as(The legal interests between religious thoughts and economic requirements)deals with a very complex and sensitive subject ,not in our time and country only ,but in almost all courses of the history and the countries as well .this could be explained by the fact that unless this subject is well-regulated by the law, the human greed and selfishness will inevitably lead to the needy man being badly exploited by the superior others who adhere to the” interests” so most ancient jurisprudence and religious thoughts had regulated the subject of “interests” once by the specification of the interests and once by strictly forbidding it. However and under the pressure of the new economic realistic needs and requirements, the most laws of world countries, including the Islamic states, the constitution of which stipulates that no anti-Islamic legislation could be passed and issued-have adapted the interest, allowing the dealers to ask for it, but through its regulation by or irreversible ordering rules .so, our topic is important as it deals with the” interest” in Iraqi civil law which was first issued before more than 65 years , in association with the commercial laws, comparing them with each others on one side, and to the laws of countries other than Iraq, this is performed so that we can see how far the interest regulating harmonious and compatible with the economic requirements bearing in mind the new opinions and thoughts regarding the interests and their validity, as it achieve the aims of law, equity and the use of society.