bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer: a perspective of human dignity and informed consent from ethics and justice
Authors: García-González Dora E. , Rueda-Romero Xenia Anaid 
Published: August 2020

This article attempts to reflect on the importance of thinking in general about illness and about cancer, from an ethical perspective. This approach reveals the central role of personal dignity and the moral relevance that supports the reasons for respecting people. The ethical values that sustain the practice of medicine must aim at uplifting this dignity and seeking situations of justice, since living in a community expresses intersubjectivity that cannot be truncated by illnesses like cancer. Therefore, situations involving poverty cannot justify the lack of health care, and if such lacks occur, they run counter to ethical awareness in the deepest sense and destroy intersubjectivity. As a result, cancer is suffered as a vital experience, in a framework of lives that are lived and are not simply objects of study; those stricken with cancer are individuals who are denied the human right to health, and undergo the elimination of their dignity, the cancelation of justice, and a death sentence. Society is part of these actions and at the same time, suffers from the disappearance of hope.In this sense, the process of informed consent is used as a tool that encourages dialog and understanding between doctors and patients during proper treatment, on a shared path.
Organic neuromorphic devices: Past, present, and future challenges
Authors: Tuchman Yaakov , Mangoma Tanyaradzwa N. , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , van de Burgt Yoeri , John Rohit Abraham , Mathews Nripan , Shaheen Sean E. , Daly Ronan , Malliaras George G. , Salleo Alberto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
El trabajo como fuente de resultados. Hacia una conceptualización más integrada del diagnóstico del enriquecimiento del trabajo en América latina
Authors: Genoud María-Andrea , Broveglio Gerardo-Darío 
Published: August 2020

El trabajo describe el funcionamiento de una Herramienta de Diagnóstico que busca Enriquecer las Funciones Laborales (HDEFL) en América Latina, adaptada del Modelo de las características del puesto (MCP) de Hackman y Oldham (1974 y sus diversas revisiones) y con base en la investigación sobre estructuras laborales realizada durante 10 años en Argentina por Genoud, Broveglio y Picasso (2014, 2018). El enfoque integrador interdisciplinario de diseño del trabajo permite “desmenuzar” qué características del diseño del trabajo (CDT, variables motivacionales, sociales y contextuales), activan tres estados psicológicos críticos (EPC), condicionando los resultados del trabajo (RT) en los trabajadores, en términos de comportamiento, actitudes y bienestar.
La tipología del estudio es exploratoria, descriptiva y explicativa; se busca alentar cortes interpretativos transdisciplinarios anclados en la Sociología del Trabajo, las ciencias de la Administración y la Psicología Organizacional.
Detection and identification of Chlamydia spp. from pigeons in Iran by nested PCR and sequencing
Authors: Golestani Nadia , Haghighi Khoshkhoo Payam , Hosseini Hossein , Akbari Azad Gita 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives: Chlamydia psittaci, an obligate intracellular, Gram-negative zoonotic pathogen, has eight serovars and nine genotypes isolated from avian species with higher frequency in parrots and pigeons. The aim of this study was to characterize Chlamydia spp. using nested PCR and sequencing.
Materials and Methods: A total of 270 pharyngeal swab samples collected randomly from asymptomatic pigeons of 30 pigeon aviaries in Tehran province. DNA was extracted with specific kit and amplified by specific primers in the first PCR and outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene in the second PCR. Positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetic tree analyzed based on the ompA gene.
Results: Records showed that 16 of 30 (53%) pigeon aviaries were positive for Chlamydia spp. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that 15 of 16 (93.7%) positive samples, belonged to C. psittaci genotype B whereas the other sample belonged to C. avium. C. psittaci detected in 50% of pigeon aviaries that is high rate in Tehran province.
Conclusion: As C. psittaci is a zoonosis and life threaten pathogen for human being, these results indicate the significance of it detection in asymptomatic pigeons. Also, this is the first report of Chlamydia avium presence in Iranian pigeons which its zoonotic potential is still unknown.
Transformation Digitale de Lâ€™Administration Publique au Maroc : Revue de la littÃ©rature et Ã©tat des lieux
Authors: Ouajdouni Abdelaziz , Chafik Khalid , Boubker Omar 
Published: August 2020

La transformation digitale aura certes le mÃªme impact proÃ©minent en termes dâ€™apport technologique que ce soit dans le secteur public ou privÃ©, mais se met en avant de faÃ§on diffÃ©rente dans les deux (02) secteurs. Dans le secteur public, aucune administration publique ne cherche Ã sâ€™accaparer lâ€™avantage compÃ©titif par rapport Ã lâ€™autre du fait du monopole dÃ©tenu par lâ€™Ã©tat, cependant, les organisations Ã©tatiques cherchent Ã prodiguer un meilleur service aux citoyens/usagers en mettant lâ€™accent sur leur efficacitÃ© pÃ©renne advienne que pourra le coÃ»t engagÃ©. Ce papier vise Ã Ã©tablir une synthÃ¨se de la revue de la littÃ©rature et de dresser un Ã©tat des lieux sur la problÃ©matique de la transformation digitale de lâ€™administration publique au Maroc.
Digital transformation will certainly have the same prominent impact in terms of technological contribution, whether in the public or private sector, but highlighted in different ways in both sectors. As regarding the public sector, no public administration seeks to capture the competitive advantage over others because of the monopoly held by the state. However, state organizations seek to provide a better service to citizens/users by focusing on their long-term efficiency whatever the cost incurred. This paper aims to establish a synthesis of the literature review and to draw up an inventory or status report on the problem of the digital transformation of public administration in Morocco.
DÃ©limitation des territoires et rapports de pouvoir dans la zone diamantifÃ¨re de SÃ©guÃ©la (CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire) : le lien social familial en question
Authors: Jules-Michel Bah Mahier , Louis Niamke Jean , Tiamba Traore 
Published: August 2020

Lâ€™Ã©tude vise Ã analyser les changements opÃ©rÃ©s dans les rapports interfamiliaux en lien avec le processus de dÃ©limitation des territoires des villages dans la zone diamantifÃ¨re de SÃ©guÃ©la. Lâ€™Ã©tude a consistÃ© Ã recueillir les donnÃ©es qualitatives Ã partir de la recherche documentaire et lâ€™entretien. Les rÃ©sultats obtenus indiquent que le processus de dÃ©limitation initiÃ© durant ces derniÃ¨res annÃ©es dans la zone diamantifÃ¨re de SÃ©guÃ©la, a permis aux grandes familles de revisiter leurs liens ancestraux avec les enjeux socioÃ©conomiques du moment. Cela passe par la mise en place de stratÃ©gies de contrÃ´le familial et par la rÃ©affirmation du contrÃ´le foncier Ã travers le renouvellement de redevabilitÃ©. Ainsi, lâ€™alignement ou le dÃ©salignement des acteurs locaux aux liens socio-historiques et la dynamique Ã©conomique dans la rÃ©gion renforcent ou affaiblissent la cohÃ©sion sociale entre les familles autochtones dans les villages.
The study aims to analyze the changes made in interfamilial relations in relation to the process of delimitation of village territories in the SÃ©guÃ©la diamondiferous zone. The study consisted of collecting qualitative data from desk research and interview. The results obtained indicate that the delimitation process initiated in recent years in the diamondiferous zone of SÃ©guÃ©la has allowed large families to revisit their ancestral links with the socio-economic issues of the moment. This requires the implementation of family control strategies and the reaffirmation of land control through the renewal of accountability. Thus, the alignment ormisalignment of local actors with sociohistorical links and the economic dynamics in the region reinforce or weaken the social cohesion between the indigenous families in the villages.
Culture Technique of Sunu Grouper (Plectropomus Leopardus) Broodstock in a concrete pond in Gondol, Bali Marine Research and Development Center
Authors: Ghassani Gia Asasa , Sahidu Adriana Monica 
Published: August 2020

(Plectropomus leopardus) or grouper coral trout is one kind of commodities that have high economic value. As marine fisheries commodities are much in demand for large-scale farmers or household level will require broodstock who have qualified to produce quality eggs and a good seed. qualified to produce quality eggs and a good seed. The purpose of research is to gain knowledge in maintenance activities of the broodstock grouper coral trout on a concrete tank by comparing theory and application in the field. Maintenance engineering of coral trout grouper broodstock includes the preparation of concrete tanks, broodstock selection, water quality management, feeding, spawning and harvesting of eggs, and disease. Research in Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Laut (BBPPBL) Gondol. Penyabangan Village, Subdistrict Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali. On 18th January – 18th February 2016. Methods of work used in this research is descriptive data retrieval methods include primary data and secondary data. Data retrieval is done by means of active participation, observation, interviews and literature study. Results of Field Work Practice is the broodstock of grouper coral trout are maintained as much 217 with an average weight of 512.9 kg and an average length of 56.1 cm. Maintenance of broodstock grouper coral trout performed in container maintenance the round-shaped sized 100 m3 with a depth of 3 m with inlet and outlet Water management is performed by using a system is running water that flowing water as much as 300% -400%, the quality of sea water showing the value of 34.9 ppt salinity, DO 6.0 ppm, pH 8, and the temperature of 29 ˚C. Feed given in the form trash fish as much as 7-10 kg a day. Grouper coral trout spawning is done naturally by the male and female parent ratio of 1: 2, which produce eggs an average 2,252,292 items. During maintenance activities parasites invade have been found. Parasites invade the broodstock of grouper coral trout is Benedenia sp., Cryptocaryon sp., And viral infections Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN)
First Insights on Value-Based Healthcare of Elders Using ICHOM Older Person Standard Set Reporting
Authors: Lee Wei-Ju , Peng Li-Ning , Lin Chi-Hung , Lin Shinn-Zong , Loh Ching-Hui , Kao Sheng-Lun , Hung Tzu-Shing , Chang Chia-Yun , Huang Chun-Feng , Tang Ting-Ching , Chen Liang-Kung 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinical guidelines for specific conditions fragment care provision for elders. The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) has developed a global standard set of outcome measures for comprehensive assessment of older persons. The goal of this study was to report value-based health metrics in Taiwan using this ICHOM toolset.Methods: The cross-sectional study of baseline data excerpted from a prospective longitudinal cohort, which recruited people ≥65 years old with ≥3 chronic medical conditions between July and December 2018. All participants received measurements of physical performance, anthropometric characteristics, health-related behaviors, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The ICHOM toolset comprises three tiers: 1 includes frailty and having chosen a preferred place of death; 2 includes polypharmacy, falls, and participation in decision-making; and 3 includes loneliness, activities of daily living, pain, depression, and walking speed. These items were converted into a 0–10 point value-based healthcare score, with high value-based health status defined as ≥8/10 points. Results: Frequencies of individual ICHOM indicators were: frail 11.7%, chose preferred place of death 14.4%, polypharmacy 31.5%, fell 17.1%, participated in decision-making 81.6%, loneliness 26.8%, limited activities of daily living 22.4, pain 10.4%, depressed mood 13.0%, and slowness 38.5%. People with high disease burden (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.21–0.76, p=0.005) or cognitive impairment (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.27–0.87, p=0.014) were less likely to have high value-based healthcare status. Conclusions: The ICHOM Standard Set Older Person health outcome measures provide an opportunity to shift from a disease-centric medical paradigm to whole person-focused goals. This study identified advanced age, chronic disease burden and cognitive impairment as important barriers to achieving high value-based healthcare status.
Public trust and Global Biobank Networks
Authors: Dive Lisa , Critchley Christine , Otlowski Margaret , Mason Paul , Wiersma Miriam , Light Edwina , Stewart Cameron , Kerridge Ian , Lipworth Wendy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBiobanks provide an important foundation for genomic and personalised medicine. In order to enhance their scientific power and scope, they are increasingly becoming part of national or international networks. Public trust is essential in fostering public engagement, encouraging donation to, and facilitating public funding for biobanks. Globalisation and networking of biobanking may challenge this trust. MethodsWe report the results of an Australian study examining public attitudes to the networking and globalisation of biobanks. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods in conjunction with bioethical analysis in order to determine factors that may contribute to, and threaten, trust.ResultsOur results indicate a generally high level of trust in biobanks and in medical research more broadly. Key factors that can reduce perceived trustworthiness of biobanks are commercialisation and involvement in global networking. ConclusionsWe conclude that robust ethical oversight and governance standards can both promote trust in global biobanking and ensure that this trust is warranted.
The Need for a Telemedicine Strategy for Botswana? A Scoping Review and Situational Assessment.
Authors: Ncube Benson , Mars Maurice , Scott Richard E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Health, healthcare, and healthcare system problems within the developing world are well recognised. eHealth, the use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) for health, is frequently suggested as one means by which to ameliorate such problems. However, to identify and implement the most appropriate ehealth solutions requires development of a thoughtful and broadly evidence-informed strategy. Most published strategies focus on health informatics solutions, neglecting the potential for other aspects of ehealth (telehealth, telemedicine, elearning, and ecommerce). This study examined the setting in Botswana to determine the need for a telemedicine-specific strategy.Methods: A situational assessment of ehealth activities in Botswana was performed through a scoping review of the scientific and grey literature using specified search terms to July 2018; an interview with the project manager of the major mhealth stakeholder; and benchtop review of policies and other relevant Government documents including the country’s current draft eHealth Strategy. Results: Thirty-nine papers were reviewed. Various ehealth technologies have been applied within Botswana. These include Skype for educational activities, instant messaging (WhatsApp for telepathology; SMS for transmission of laboratory test results, patient appointment reminders, and invoicing and bill payment), and robotics for dermatopathology. In addition health informatics technologies have been used for surveillance, monitoring, and access to information by healthcare workers. The number of distinct health information systems has been reduced from 37 to 12, and 9 discrete EMRs remain active within the public health institutions. Many infrastructural issues were identified. A critical assessment of the current draft ehealth strategy document for Botswana showed limitations. Many telemedicine services have been introduced over the years (addressing cervical cancer screening, teledermatology, teleradiology, oral medicine and eye screening), but only one project was confirmed to be active and being scaled up with the intervention of the Government.Conclusions: Botswana’s draft ‘ehealth’ strategy will not, in and of itself, nurture innovative growth in the application of telemedicine initiatives, which currently are fragmented and stalled. This lack of focus is preventing telemedicine’s recognised potential from being leveraged. A specific Telemedicine Strategy, aligned with and supportive of the pre-existing ehealth strategy, would provide the necessary focus, stimulus, and guidance.
Interconnectivity between molecular subtypes and tumor stage in colorectal cancer
Authors: Braak R.R.J. Coebergh van den , Hoorn Sanne ten , Sieuwerts A.M. , Tuynman J.B. , Smid M. , Wilting S. , Martens J.W.M. , Punt C.J.A. , Foekens J.A. , Medema J.P. , IJzermans J.N.M. , Vermeulen Louis 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There are profound individual differences in clinical outcomes between colorectal cancers (CRCs) presenting with identical stage of disease. Molecular stratification, in conjunction with the traditional TNM staging, is a promising way to predict patient outcomes. We investigated the interconnectivity between tumor stage and tumor biology reflected by the Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMSs) in CRC, and explored the possible value of these insights in patients with stage II colon cancer.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using clinical records and gene expression profiling in a meta-cohort of 1040 CRC patients. The interconnectivity of tumor biology and disease stage was assessed by investigating the association between CMSs and TNM classification. In order to validate the clinical applicability of our findings we employed a meta-cohort of 197 stage II colon cancers.Results: CMS4 was significantly more prevalent in advanced stages of disease (stage I 9.8% versus stage IV 38.5%, p<0.001). The observed differential gene expression between cancer stages is at least partly explained by the biological differences as reflected by CMS subtypes. Gene signatures for stage III-IV and CMS4 were highly correlated (r=0.77, p<0.001). CMS4 cancers showed an increased progression rate to more advanced stages (CMS4 compared to CMS2: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.46). Patients with a CMS4 cancer had worse survival in the high-risk stage II tumors compared to the total stage II cohort (5-year DFS 41.7% versus 100.0%, p=0.008).Conclusions: Considerable interconnectivity between tumor biology and tumor stage in CRC exists. This implies that the TNM stage, in addition to the stage of progression, might also reflect distinct biological disease entities. These insights can potentially be utilized to optimize identification of high-risk stage II colon cancers.
Changes in the characteristics of dental emergencies under the influence of SARS-CoV-2 ： A retrospective study
Authors: Wu Kan , Li Chunjie , Yang Zheng , Yang Shangchun , Yang Wenbin , Hua Chengge 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background To master the distribution and changing characteristics of dental diseases is of great significance for the dental emergency center in order to strengthen the treatment abilities of medical staff and the effective use of emergency resources in the face of public health emergencies of highly infectious respiratory diseases. Methods The medical records of 4158 cases of dental emergency patients from 2019 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed,with patients being divided into the pre-SARS-COV-2 group and the during SARS-COV-2 group according to the date of their admittance to the dental emergency center.The dental emergency patients demographicsn data,day and time,diagnoses,treatment approaches were compared before and during the SARS-COV-2. Results During the SARS-COV-2,the number of dental emergency visits increased by 29.7% compared with those before the SARS-COV-2.The peak of the number of patients at weekends and at night is not obvious compared with the pre-SARS-COV-2 group.Duing the SARS-COV-2 Male(n=286,58.1%) were more likely than female(n=206,41.9%) to visit the dental emergency center for trauma P<0.05,female(n=242,60.8%) were more likely than male(n=156,39.2%) to visit the dental emergency center for Acute gingivitis and Acute pericoronitis P<0.05.A major diagnoses change is Acute Pulpitis (K04.0) and Acute apical periodontitis (K04.4) increased by 9.2%,Acute gingivitis (K05.0) and Acute pericoronitis(K05.2) increased by 3.5%,Open wound of lip and oral cavity (S01.5)fell 17.9%,others (non-emergency diseases) increased by 6.8%,compare with the pre-SARS-COV-2.Among the treatment methods,during the pre-SARS-COV-2,304（17.7%）received a prescription for Antibiotics and Analgesics,1485(86.5%) received a prescription for local treatment.During the SARS-COV-2,958（39.2%）received a prescription for Antibiotics and Analgesics,1636(67.0%) received a prescription for local treatment. Conclusion SARS-COV-2 led to changes in the characteristics of dental emergency patients.Trauma,Acute Pulpitis,Acute periodontitis Acute periodontitis are the leading reason why patients go to the dental emergency.The dental emergency center should optimize the treatment procedures,optimize the staffing and reasonably allocate materials according to the changes,to improve the on-site treatment capacity and provide adequate dental emergency care. .
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Incentives to Improve HIV Prevention Outcomes for Young Females in Eswatini: Sitakhela Likusasa Impact Evaluation Protocol and Baseline Results
Authors: Gorgens Marelize , Longosz Andrew , Ketende Sosthenes , Nkambule Muziwethu , Dlamini Tengetile , Mabuza Mbuso , Sikwibele Kelvin , Tsododo Vimbai , Dlamini Mthokozisi , Dennis-Langa Futhie , Heard Wendy , Low Andrea , Harimurti Pandu , Wilson David , Mabuza Khanya , de Walque Damien 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Eswatini continues to have the highest prevalence of HIV in the world, and one of the highest HIV incidences among adult populations (aged 15-49). This analysis reports on both key elements of study design/protocol and baseline results from an impact evaluation of an intervention incentivizing (i) initiation, enrolment, attendance or completion of some form of education, and (ii) lower risk sexual behaviour. Methods: The impact evaluation employs a two by two factorial design in which participants are enrolled in either the incentive for education arm (‘education treatment arm’ providing a conditional cash incentive) or the control arm (‘education control arm’). In each of these arms, 50% of participants were randomized to also be eligible for selection – three times a year – to participate in a conditional raffle conditional on testing negative for curable STIs (syphilis and Trichomonas vaginalis). Results: Baseline recruitment and screening occurred in 2016 when a total of 6,055 individuals were screened of which 4,863 participated in the baseline survey, and 4,819 individuals were randomized into one of the study arms. The baseline prevalence of HIV, Trichomonas vaginalis, and syphilis among adolescent girls and young women 8.20% (397/4,840), 3.31% (150/4,533) and 0.17% (8/4,830) respectively. Conclusions: An educational cash incentive and raffle incentive impact evaluation that addresses adolescent girls and young women who are in-education and out-of-education has the potential to reduce HIV risk in adolescent girls and young women in Eswatini.