bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploration of the attitudes and perceptions of the UK public towards self-care for minor ailments
Authors: Scott Ashley , Jones Colin 
Published: January 2020

Aims and objectives: the purpose of this pilot study was to explore the attitudes and perceptions of members of the UK public towards self-care for minor ailments. Background: with an ageing and increasing population, and an NHS under extreme pressure, methods to reduce demand on health services are vital. Increasing the use of self-care for minor ailments is one way in which this pressure could be alleviated. Design and method: this study used qualitative methods including semi-structured telephone interviews. The data were then evaluated, and key themes drawn out using thematic analysis. Findings: the results showed that the public are aware of the notion of self-care, and some are engaging with it. However, for a number of reasons, patients are still likely to want a face-to-face appointment despite the use of online and telephone advice services. Conclusion: the study highlighted that there are multifactorial aspects impacting on a patient's likelihood of engaging in self-care when faced with a minor illness. The results are not generalisable to every member of the public, but interesting questions are raised with regard to the usefulness of current public health messages in various media when there appears to be a lack of desire from the public to use some recommended services.
A multicentre prospective audit of bedside hydration in hospital
Authors: Davidson Joseph , Folkard Samuel , Hinckley Matthew , Uglow Elizabeth , Wright Oliver , Bloomfield Thomas , Patel Mehool 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: access to water at the bedside is a cornerstone of patient care. Among bedbound inpatients, water within reach at the bedside is a basic human dignity and one that ought not to be neglected. Aim: the authors sought to identify the extent to which accessible hydration facilities were provided to a bedbound inpatient population. Methods: a cross-sectional, point-prevalent audit of hospitalised medical inpatients across five centres was conducted. Data were collected between meal times and noted baseline demographics and admission details, adequacy of oral hydration provision at the bedside and, where provision was inadequate, factors associated with this. Results: across a total surveyed patient population of 559 we identified 138 patients who were bedbound. Among these bedbound patients, 6% (n=8) had no water provided at the bedside. However, 7 of these were deemed to be unable to swallow safely. In total, 44 (32%) of the 138 bedbound patients were unable to reach the water at their bedside; 18 of these patients would have been able to drink for themselves had the water been in reach. Conclusion: there is significant room for improvement in ensuring patients who are immobile are able to reach drinking apparatus at the bedside. In the five centres surveyed, approximately one in five bedbound patients with no contraindication are unable to reach an essential means of hydration.
Guidelines for malaria prevention in travellers: what is new?
Authors: Gawthrop Mary 
Published: January 2020

Practice nurses are at the forefront of malaria prevention in travellers. Mary Gawthrop gives an overview of the recent changes to the UK guidelines Malaria is a severe and potentially life-threatening febrile illness caused by infection with the parasite Plasmodium. Malaria does not currently occur naturally in the UK, but continues to be a significant, preventable risk for UK travellers visiting malaria-endemic countries. Public Health England (PHE) provide annual updated guidelines for health professionals advising UK travellers on malaria prevention. The PHE guidelines provide country-specific malaria recommendations, including malaria prevalence maps, advice for special risk travellers like pregnant women, and contain a frequently asked questions section. This article covers the updates made in the most recently published version of the guidelines.
A New Wireless Device for Real-Time Mechanical Impact Evaluation in a Citrus Packing Line
Authors: Vallone Mariangela , Alleri Maria , Bono Filippa , Catania Pietro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Postharvest handling of fresh fruit is a potential source of bruising and damage, with significant consequences for fruit quality and marketability. In the last 30 years, different types of impact-recording devices (also called electronic fruits or pseudo-fruits) have been developed with the aim of measuring the impacts experienced by fruits during postharvest operations. The aim of this study was to develop and test a novel wireless instrumented sphere to study the critical points in a citrus packing line by measuring the impacts experienced by fruits in real-time. The non-commercial device was based on a MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) sensor node with a sensing range from ±1×g to ±400×g (g = 9.8 m s-2), a ferroelectric RAM (FRAM) memory, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a microcontroller, and a 75 mAh lithium battery. The sensor node was placed inside a plastic ellipsoid case with a total weight of 100 g to represent a ‘Tardivo di Ciaculli’ mandarin. An FR receiver allowed real-time transmission of the measured data. Tests were performed in the Consorzio del Mandarino Tardivo di Ciaculli packing line (Palermo, Italy). Total acceleration values, representing the stresses experienced by fruit in the packing line, were studied using a variance component model. The results showed that total acceleration remained below 20×g in most of the measurements, but considerably higher values, up to 80×g, were obtained between the brushing and waxing machines. In particular, waxing was identified as the most critical operation based on the impact transmitted to the fruit. Our system proved to be effective for immediate on-line assessment of the accelerations experienced by fruits, allowing prompt intervention to guarantee fruit quality in postharvest operations.HighlightsA novel, wirelessly instrumented sphere was developed and tested to study the critical points in a fruit packing line.The total acceleration experienced by the fruits was studied using a variance component model.The system was proven effective in online assessment of the accelerations experienced by fruits. Keywords: Acceleration, Damage, Instrumented sphere, Mandarin, Postharvest.
Short Communication: Selection of doubled haploid lines of rainfed lowland rice in preliminary yield trial
Authors: Akbar Miftahur Rizqi , Purwoko Bambang Sapta , Dewi Iswari Saraswati , Suwarno Willy Bayuardi , Sugiyanta  
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Akbar MR, Purwoko BS, Dewi IS, Suwarno WB, Sugiyanta. 2019. Short Communication: Selection of doubled haploid lines of rainfed lowland rice in preliminary yield trial. Biodiversitas 20: 2796-2801. Yield trial is an important step in rice breeding program. This research was aimed at evaluating agronomic characters and selecting the best doubled haploid rainfed rice lines for next advanced yield trial. An experiment was conducted in Indramayu from March to August 2017. The research was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Materials used were fifty-eight doubled haploid lines and two check varieties namely Ciherang and Inpari 18. The results revealed that all observed characters had broad genetic variability and high heritability. The number of productive tillers and the number of filled grains per panicle had a positive correlation and direct effect on productivity. Based on index selection, thirty lines were selected to have good agronomic characters and high yield. These lines had characteristics of plant height (85.7-124.7 cm), number of productive tillers (8.6-14.8 tillers), day to harvest (104.0-117.3 days), number of filled grains per panicle (136.7-264.7 grains), number of total grains per panicle (152.0-305.7 grains), weight of 1000 grain (21.5-31.3 g), and productivity (4.1-6.8 tons ha-1).
Keywords: good agronomic trait, high yield potential, selection index
TomoGAN: low-dose synchrotron x-ray tomography with generative adversarial networks: discussion
Authors: Liu Zhengchun , Bicer Tekin , Kettimuthu Rajkumar , Gursoy Doga , De Carlo Francesco , Foster Ian 
Published: January 2020

Synchrotron-based x-ray tomography is a noninvasive imaging technique
that allows for reconstructing the internal structure of materials at
high spatial resolutions from tens of micrometers to a few nanometers.
In order to resolve sample features at smaller length scales, however,
a higher radiation dose is required. Therefore, the limitation on the
achievable resolution is set primarily by noise at these length
scales. We present TomoGAN, a denoising technique based on generative
adversarial networks, for improving the quality of reconstructed
images for low-dose imaging conditions. We evaluate our approach in
two photon-budget-limited experimental conditions: (1) sufficient
number of low-dose projections (based on Nyquist sampling), and
(2) insufficient or limited number of high-dose projections. In both
cases, the angular sampling is assumed to be isotropic, and the photon
budget throughout the experiment is fixed based on the maximum
allowable radiation dose on the sample. Evaluation with both simulated
and experimental datasets shows that our approach can significantly
reduce noise in reconstructed images, improving the structural
similarity score of simulation and experimental data from 0.18 to 0.9
and from 0.18 to 0.41, respectively. Furthermore, the quality of the
reconstructed images with filtered back projection followed by our
denoising approach exceeds that of reconstructions with the
simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique, showing the
computational superiority of our approach.
Asymmetric direct detection of twin-SSB signals
Authors: Li Xueyang , Zhu Mingyue , Xing Zhenping , O’Sullivan Maurice , Plant David V. 
Published: January 2020

We propose the asymmetric direct detection (ADD) of twin-single sideband (SSB) signals based on a simple receiver front-end composed of one optical filter and two photodiodes. ADD exploits the photocurrent difference between a filtered and unfiltered signal pair to reconstruct and linearize the received twin-SSB signal with a high electrical spectral efficiency (ESE). We evaluate the performance impact of the critical system parameters on ADD and demonstrate 231 Gb/s net rate 16-QAM twin-SSB transmission with 6.03 b/s/Hz ESE over an 80 km standard single-mode fiber below the

1

×

10

−
2

hard-decision forward error correction threshold. We also found that the bit error rate performance of ADD is robust against the relative center wavelength drifting of the optical filter.
744-nm wavelength conversion of PAM-4 signal using an AlGaAsOI nanowaveguide
Authors: Kong Deming , Pu Minhao , Liu Yong , Zheng Yi , Semenova Elizaveta , Yvind Kresten , Katsuo Oxenløwe Leif , Galili Michael , Hu Hao 
Published: January 2020

Exploring new frequency bands for optical transmission is essential to overcome the capacity crunch. The 2-µm band is becoming a research spotlight due to available broadband thulium-doped fiber amplifiers as well as low-latency, low-loss hollow-core fibers. Yet most of the 2-µm band devices designed for optical communication are still in their infancy. In this Letter, we propose wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear AlGaAsOI nanowaveguide to bridge the 2-µm band and the conventional bands. Due to the strong light confinement of the AlGaAsOI nanowaveguide, high-order phase match is enabled by dispersion engineering to achieve a large synergetic conversion bandwidth with high conversion efficiency. Simulation results show a possible conversion bandwidth over an octave. An AlGaAsOI nanowaveguide with 3-mm length and a nominal cross-section dimension of320nm×680nmis used for the wavelength conversion of a 10 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero on–off keying signal and a 10 Gbit/s Nyquist-shaped four-level pulse-amplitude modulation signal. A conversion efficiency of−28dBis achieved using a 17.5-dBm continuous-wave pump in the C band, with 744 nm conversion from 1999.65 to 1255.35 nm.
Характеристика документов личного происхождения по истории сибирского купечества второй половины XIX — начала XX в.
Authors: Колокольцева Наталья Юрьевна 
Published: January 2020

Рассматриваются особенности создания источников личного происхождения второй половины XIX — начала XX в. Центральным является вопрос о видовом разнообразии источников. Определен круг исследовательских задач, которые могут быть решены с привлечением источников. При характеристике документов личного происхождения выявлены информационные возможности, аргументировано доказано, что при всей субъективности содержания источника он позволяет произвести полную историческую реконструкцию социальной истории рассматриваемого периода.
Обозначены терминологические расхождения при работе с данной группой источников. Были проанализированы источниковедческие исследования ведущих историков по вопросу классификации источников личного происхождения. Охарактеризована специфика формирования источников купеческого происхождения во второй половине XIX — начале XX в. Данная социальная группа ни в предшествующий, ни в последующий периоды не отличалась таким количеством попыток фиксирования исторической памяти, что является отображением глубоких кризисных процессов в социальной сфере. Это попытки определения своего места в России пореформенного периода.
Novel benzimidazole-based conjugated polyelectrolytes: synthesis, solution photophysics and fluorescent sensing of metal ions
Authors: Wei Yuhan , Xu Lei , He Shengjiao , Li Chenglei , Wu Qi , Zeng Xianyin , Wang Hanguang , Liu Kuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Two benzimidazole-based conjugated polyelectrolytes (+)-PPBIPV and (-)-PPBIPV which have opposite charges on their side chains were synthesized via Heck coupling reaction and characterized by 1H-NMR, UV-vis and PL spectroscopy. These two polyelectrolytes are both consisted of benzimidazole derivatives and phenylenevinylene units. The absorption and emission spectra reveal that the polymers both have solvent-dependency and concentration-dependency, and they exhibit aggregation effect in aqueous solution. In the respect of ion detection, the aqueous solution of (+)-PPBIPV has excellent selectivity and sensitivity for Fe3+. Moreover, Pd2+ can almost completely quench the fluorescence of (+)-PPBIPV in methanol solution, and its quenching constant K
SV is 5.93×104 M-1. For (-)-PPBIPV, Sn2+ can double the fluorescence intensity of its aqueous solution, while (-)-PPBIPV has good identification for Fe3+ in methanol with a K
SV = 3.44×105 M-1. Hence, two polyelectrolytes have considerable potential to become effective fluorescent sensing materials for some specific metal ions. All of the stoichiometric relationships between metal ions and conjugated polyelectrolytes were calculated using Benesi-Hildebrand equation.
Planning the peninsula-wide recovery of the Iberian lynx: identification of favourable habitat areas
Authors: Garrote Germán , Fernández-López Javier , Rojas Eva , López Guillermo , Simón Miguel Angel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The creation of new populations through reintroductions in their former range is still necessary for the long-term conservation of the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). A large-scale assessment of habitat suitability is a necessary prerequisite for evaluating the possibility of carrying out lynx reintroductions. We modelled habitat suitability for the Iberian lynx in the Iberian Peninsula using MaxEnt. Lynx presence data for 2010–2013 from Andujar-Cardeña and Doñana populations were used. Habitat variables were quantified using the CORINE Land Cover. This habitat suitability model predicted an environmentally suitable area of 87,747 km2, which represents 14.08% of the whole Iberian Peninsula. Of the total suitable habitat identified, 45% is located in a large continuous area in the south-western quadrant coinciding with the historical range of the species in the mid-20th century. However, there are also relevant patches mainly in the north-eastern quadrant. About 55% of the potential area suitable for the lynx falls outside protected areas. If Iberian lynx populations are to attain levels that will facilitate their long-term survival, it will be necessary to consider potential habitat for the species throughout the whole of the Iberian Peninsula.
Decolonial Information Practices: Repatriating and Stewarding the Popol Vuh Online
Authors: de los Monteros Pamela Espinosa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe digitization and online dissemination of the Popol Vuh, a historical indigenous knowledge work, poses distinct ethical, legal, intellectual, and technological concerns for humanities researchers and information practitioners seeking to study and digitally curate works through a decolonized consciousness. Ongoing debates on data sovereignty, the repatriation of cultural artifacts, and cultural appropriation question the ability of researchers and information practitioners to effectively steward indigenous knowledge works in a digital environment. While consensus on best practices for the postcolonial digital library or archive remain to be established, information inequity continues to persist, effacing indigenous knowledge, languages, and content from the knowledge society. The following case study will discuss the results of a 10-year multi-institutional initiative to curate, repatriate, and steward the reproduction of an indigenous knowledge work online. From the vantage point of the library, the case study will explore the project’s successes, failures, and the work left to be done.
The Cumulative Effect of Transient Synchrony States on Motor Performance in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Tinkhauser Gerd , Torrecillos Flavie , Pogosyan Alek , Mostofi Abteen , Bange Manuel , Fischer Petra , Tan Huiling , Hasegawa Harutomo , Glaser Martin , Muthuraman Muthuraman , Groppa Sergiu , Ashkan Keyoumars , Pereira Erlick A. , Brown Peter 
Published: January 2020

Bursts of beta frequency band activity in the basal ganglia of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with impaired motor performance. Here we test in human adults whether small variations in the timing of movement relative to beta bursts have a critical effect on movement velocity and whether the cumulative effects of multiple beta bursts, both locally and across networks, matter. We recorded local field potentials from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in 15 PD patients of both genders OFF-medication, during temporary lead externalization after deep brain stimulation surgery. Beta bursts were defined as periods exceeding the 75th percentile amplitude threshold. Subjects performed a visual cued joystick reaching task, with the visual cue being triggered in real time with different temporal relationships to bursts of STN beta activity. The velocity of actions made in response to cues prospectively triggered by STN beta bursts was slower than when responses were not time-locked to recent beta bursts. Importantly, slow movements were those that followed multiple bursts close to each other within a trial. In contrast, small differences in the delay between the last burst and movement onset had no significant impact on velocity. Moreover, when the overlap of bursts between the two STN was high, slowing was more pronounced. Our findings suggest that the cumulative, but recent, history of beta bursting, both locally and across basal ganglia networks, may impact on motor performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBursts of beta frequency band activity in the basal ganglia are associated with slowing of voluntary movement in patients with Parkinson's disease. We show that slow movements are those that follow multiple bursts close to each other and bursts that are coupled across regions. These results suggest that the cumulative, but recent, history of beta bursting, both locally and across basal ganglia networks, impacts on motor performance in this condition. The manipulation of burst dynamics may be a means of selectively improving motor impairment.
Cognition After Early Tonsillectomy for Mild OSA
Authors: Waters Karen A. , Chawla Jasneek , Harris Margaret-Anne , Heussler Helen , Black Robert J. , Cheng Alan T. , Lushington Kurt 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:
It remains uncertain whether treatment with adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in children improves cognitive function. The Preschool Obstructive Sleep Apnea Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy study was a prospective randomized controlled study in which researchers evaluated outcomes 12 months after adenotonsillectomy compared with no surgery in preschool children symptomatic for obstructive sleep apnea.

METHODS:
A total of 190 children (age 3–5 years) were randomly assigned to early adenotonsillectomy (within 2 months) or to routine wait lists (12-month wait, no adenotonsillectomy [NoAT]). Baseline and 12-month assessments included cognitive and behavioral testing, medical assessment, polysomnography, and audiology. The primary outcome was global IQ at 12-month follow-up, measured by the Woodcock Johnson III Brief Intellectual Ability (BIA). Questionnaires included the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, Parent Rating Scale of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children–II, and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Preschool Version.

RESULTS:
A total of 141 children (75.8%) attended baseline and 12-month assessments, and BIA was obtained at baseline and 12-month follow-up for 61 and 60 participants in the adenotonsillectomy versus NoAT groups, respectively. No cognitive gain was found after adenotonsillectomy compared with NoAT, adjusted for baseline; BIA scores at 12-month follow-up were as follows: adenotonsillectomy, 465.46 (17.9) versus NoAT, 463.12 (16.6) (mean [SD]). Improvements were seen for polysomnogram arousals and apnea indices and for parent reports of symptoms (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire), behavior (Behavior Assessment System for Children behavioral symptoms, P = .04), overall health, and daytime napping.

CONCLUSIONS:
Structured testing showed no treatment-attributable improvement in cognitive functioning of preschool children 12 months after adenotonsillectomy compared with NoAT. Improvements were seen after adenotonsillectomy in sleep and behavior by using polysomnogram monitoring and parental questionnaires.
We Have Never Been Anti-Science: Reflections on Science Wars and Post-Truth
Authors: Lynch Michael 
Published: January 2020

This essay addresses the so-called "post-truth" era in which scientific evidence of, for example, climate change, is given little weight compared to more immediate appeals to emotion and belief, and examines the relationship of alleged anti-science and populist irrationality to left- and right-wing political alignments. It also addresses charges of anti-science that were once leveled at Science and Technology Studies (STS) itself, and particularly in relation to the “symmetrical” posture taken toward scientific controversies. Recently, "symmetry" in STS has been linked to the media conventions and argumentative strategies that have sustained controversies over climate change and other health and safety concerns. This essay argues that "symmetry" was originally set up in a circumscribed way to encourage research on controversies, but that it does not amount to a general conclusion to the effect that science is no different from any other system of belief. Instead, an effort to pursue "symmetrical" research on scientific controversies can document how, far from being displaced from all relevance, scientific authority and its institutional supports are being duplicated along parallel tracks which sustain disputes and delay concerted action.