bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengembangan Kurikulum Menghadapi Tuntutan Kompetensi Abad 21
Authors: Asy’ari Ari , Hamami Tasman 
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how the curriculum development strategy in dealing with the demands of the 21st century, curriculum development according to David Pratt and Winarno Surahmad are more conceptual than material which includes the activities of compiling, implementing, evaluating and refining the curriculum. The research method in this research is the study of literature or literature studies by finding various sources of data derived from relevant books and journal articles that are useful to strengthen the argument of the author The results showed that the curriculum development strategy can be carried out with several steps, namely: identification of needs, searching curriculum materials, curriculum material analysis, curriculum material assessment, decision making adoption of curriculum material.
Supporting International Medical Graduates in the NHS
Authors: Bogle Richard , Lasoye Tunji , Winn Simon , Ebdon Caroline , Shah Dilip , Quadry Rehan , Yanga Martina , Szram Joanna , Mehta Anand , Menon Geeta 
Published: August 2020

International Medical Graduates represent a significant part of the UK medical workforce. Often highly qualified in their home countries, they arrive in the NHS without the experience of either system or culture. Their chance of success is determined by the orientation program and governance structures are in place to support them. In this report, we describe two structures we designed independently to support IMGs from recruitment through to their transition into working in the NHS. We describe the Epsom St Helier Academy and King’s College Orientation Programs in the pre-COVID and COVID19 era. Our programs offer a blueprint for other healthcare organisations looking to improve the integration and experience of IMGs in the NHS.
Peer reviewed by Simon Gregory & Vijay Nayar
Effects of Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Academic Achievements and Employment in Adult Life
Authors: Groot Noortje , Kardolus Anne , Bijl Marc , Dolhain Radboud J.E.M. , Teng Y.K. Onno , Zirkzee Els , de Leeuw Karina , Fritsch-Stork Ruth , Burdorf Alex , Bultink Irene E. , Kamphuis Sylvia 
Published: August 2020

Objective.Long-term outcome data in adults with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) are limited. Here, we report the effects of cSLE on education, vocation, and employment in a large cohort of adults with cSLE.Methods.Patients were seen for a single study visit comprising a structured history and physical examination. Medical records were retrieved to supplement information obtained during the study visit. Education and employment status were assessed by questionnaires. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).Results.One hundred six patients with cSLE (93% female, 73% White), with a median disease duration of 20 years, completed the visit and questionnaires. Almost all patients stated that cSLE had influenced their education, but the level of completed education was similar to the general Dutch population. Half of the patients had adjusted their vocational choice due to the disease. Still, 44% of patients who had finished education did not have a paid job. Of the employed patients, 61% worked part time. Disease damage was equally prevalent in patients with and without paid employment. A high percentage of patients (51%) were declared work disabled, due to disease damage. Patients who did not have paid employment were often work disabled. Both had a negative effect on HRQOL.Conclusion.The effect of cSLE on academic achievements and employment is substantial, despite patients adjusting their educational and vocational choices. To optimize participation in the community, ongoing support is necessary, not only to help patients find suitable education and vocations but also to offer guidance regarding potential adjustments during their career.
The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Muscle Function in Childhood Myositis: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Feasibility Study
Authors: Dover Saunya , Stephens Samantha , Schneiderman Jane E. , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Wells Greg D. , Levy Deborah M. , Marcuz Jo-Anne , Whitney Kristi , Schulze Andreas , Tein Ingrid , Feldman Brian M. 
Published: August 2020

Objective.To evaluate the feasibility of studying creatine in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Secondary objectives were to determine the effect of creatine on muscle function and metabolism, aerobic capacity, fatigue, physical activity, and quality of life (QOL), as well as its safety.Methods.We conducted a 6-month, double-blind, randomized, multiple-baseline design; patients were assigned to creatine or placebo. Feasibility was assessed using attended study visits, completed study procedures, and adherence. Muscle function, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength were assessed with standardized exercise tests. Muscle metabolism was assessed using a 31-Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy protocol. Fatigue, physical activity, and QOL were assessed by questionnaires. Statistical significance was estimated using a randomization (permutation) test. Changes in outcome measures taken at baseline and end-of-study were calculated using paired t-tests.Results.Median (range) adherence to the study drug was 88.5% (20.5–95.5%) and the proportion of subjects with 80% adherence or higher was 76.9%. There were no missed study visits. There were no statistically significant changes in muscle function, strength, aerobic capacity, disease activity, fatigue, physical activity, or QOL while subjects were receiving creatine compared to placebo. There were statistically significant adaptations in muscle metabolism (e.g., decrease in change in muscle pH following exercise, and decrease in phosphate/phosphocreatine ratio) at the end-of-study compared to baseline. There were no significant adverse effects.Conclusion.Creatine supplementation in children with JDM is feasible to study, and is safe and well-tolerated; it may lead to improvements in muscle metabolism.
Effect on Costs and Quality-adjusted Life-years of Treat-to-target Treatment Strategies Initiating Methotrexate, or Tocilizumab, or Their Combination in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Verhoeven Maxime M.A. , Tekstra Janneke , van Laar Jacob M. , Pethö-Schramm Attila , Borm Michelle E.A. , Bijlsma Johannes W.J. , Jacobs Johannes W.G. , Lafeber Floris P.J.G. , Welsing Paco M.J. 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveOur study aimed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of initiating tocilizumab (TCZ) ± methotrexate (MTX) versus initiating MTX as treat-to-target treatment strategies over 5 years in early disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsData on resource use were collected with questionnaires at baseline, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, and yearly thereafter, and were converted to costs using Dutch reference prices. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) were calculated using the EQ5D5L, with utility based on Dutch tariff or estimated by the Health Assessment Questionnaire. To account for missing cost data and QALY data and for sample uncertainty, first bootstraps (10,000 samples) were obtained. Second, single imputation using chained equations nested within these bootstrap samples was performed. An economic evaluation was performed for TCZ + MTX and TCZ, compared to MTX, as initial treatment in a treat-to-target strategy from a healthcare and societal perspective over 5 years. Several sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsMean differences in QALY were small and not significant (TCZ + MTX vs MTX: 0.06, 95% CI –0.02 to 0.13; TCZ vs. MTX: –0.03, 95% CI –0.05 to 0.11). Limited savings in indirect nonhealthcare costs and productivity loss costs (for TCZ only) were observed, but these did not compensate for the higher medication costs. Sensitivity analyses did not materially change these findings, although lower-priced TCZ, or reserving TCZ as initial therapy for prognostically unfavorable RA patients, improved cost effectiveness considerably but did not individually lead to a strategy being cost effective.ConclusionBased on our analyses, early initiation of TCZ + MTX is not cost effective compared to MTX initiation in a step-up treat-to-target treatment strategy over 5 years in early RA patients.
Outcomes Measured in Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Measurement Properties of Instruments Considered for the OMERACT Core Outcome Set: A Systematic Review
Authors: Twohig Helen , Owen Claire , Muller Sara , Mallen Christian D. , Mitchell Caroline , Hider Samantha , Hill Catherine , Shea Beverley , Mackie Sarah L. 
Published: August 2020

Objective.To systematically identify the outcome measures and instruments used in clinical studies of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and to evaluate evidence about their measurement properties.Methods.Searches based on the MeSH term “polymyalgia rheumatica” were carried out in 5 databases. Two researchers were involved in screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Once outcomes and instruments used were identified and categorized, key instruments were selected for further review through a consensus process. Studies on measurement properties of these instruments were appraised against the COSMIN-OMERACT (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments–Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) checklist to determine the extent of evidence supporting their use in PMR.Results.Forty-six studies were included. In decreasing order of frequency, the most common outcomes (and instruments) used were markers of systemic inflammation [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)], pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], stiffness (duration in minutes), and physical function (elevation of upper limbs). Instruments selected for further evaluation were ESR, CRP, pain VAS, morning stiffness duration, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Five studies evaluated measurement properties of these instruments, but none met all of the COSMIN-OMERACT checklist criteria.Conclusion.Measurement of outcomes in studies of PMR lacks consistency. The critical patient-centered domain of physical function is poorly assessed. None of the candidate instruments considered for inclusion in the core outcome set had high-quality evidence, derived from populations with PMR, on their full range of measurement properties. Further studies are needed to determine whether these instruments are suitable for inclusion in a core outcome measurement set for PMR.
Désinformation, non-information ou sur-information ?
Authors: Boyadjian Julien 
Published: August 2020

Les médias sociaux apparaissent aujourd’hui comme le premier moyen d’information des jeunes. Cette réalité nouvelle soulève un certain nombre d’inquiétudes, largement relayées et débattues dans le champ médiatique : on suppose que les jeunes seraient exposés à une information non vérifiée, manipulée ou « fausse » ou encore qu’ils seraient enfermés dans des « bulles de filtre » qui les isoleraient de tout débat contradictoire… Cet article propose de mettre ces croyances à distance, en analysant ces nouvelles pratiques à l’aune de questionnements hérités de la sociologie des médias et en s’appuyant sur une enquête de terrain multi-méthodes (questionnaire, observation en ligne et entretiens) menée auprès de différents publics juvéniles. Il ressort alors de l’enquête que les jeunes issus de milieux populaires sont moins enclins à la désinformation qu’à la non-information, et que les étudiants issus de formations élitistes sont exposés à une information plus diversifiée sur les réseaux sociaux que sur d’autres médias.
Les dispositifs scolaires d’éducation au cinéma
Authors: Barbier Cédric 
Published: August 2020

Le dispositif scolaire d’éducation à l’image Lycéens et apprentis au cinéma cherche à sensibiliser les adolescents au cinéma comme « art ». À ce titre, le cinéma « moderne » en est devenu la référence majeure, celle qui oriente les choix de programmation et définit le rapport au film attendu. Mais à l’heure des plateformes numériques et de l’éclectisme culturel d’une part, et au regard des enjeux scolaires et disciplinaires inhérents à ce type de dispositif d’autre part, les différents acteurs ne peuvent pas faire comme si les adolescents n’avaient pas déjà des habitudes audiovisuelles fortement ancrées. Ce texte, basé sur une enquête de type qualitatif, interroge dès lors les manières avec lesquelles les premiers composent avec les pratiques et les préférences audiovisuelles des seconds, autant pour maintenir la primauté de la figure auctoriale que pour transmettre des savoirs.
Snapchat à l’adolescence
Authors: Bruna Yann 
Published: August 2020

L’adoption massive par les adolescents du réseau socionumérique Snapchat, construit autour de l’éphémérité des échanges, pourrait faire penser que les contenus et conversations amenés à disparaître garantiraient aux jeunes une plus grande liberté communicationnelle, en les affranchissant du caractère habituellement permanent de ce qu’ils choisissent de partager dans les espaces numériques. Cet article, qui repose sur une méthodologie qualitative, nuance ce constat et explore la tension entre, d’une part, l’adhésion des adolescents au fonctionnement atypique et très codifié de ce dispositif sociotechnique et, d’autre part, les stratégies qu’ils mettent en place pour garder le contrôle sur le caractère éphémère de leurs contenus. Il montre en particulier que si l’utilisation de Snapchat implique à la fois l’appropriation de divers procédés de gamification empruntés aux outils de mesure de soi et l’acceptation de la notification systématique du screening , les jeunes parviennent aussi à se détourner de ces contraintes et à dessiner eux-mêmes les contours du « bon usage » de l’outil.
Interobserver Reliability of Glasgow Coma Scale Scores for Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Kebapçı Ayda , Dikeç Gül , Topçu Serpil 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundIntensive care units frequently use the Glasgow Coma Scale to objectively assess patients’ levels of consciousness. Interobserver reliability of Glasgow Coma Scale scores is critical in determining the degree of impairment.ObjectiveTo evaluate interobserver reliability of intensive care unit patients’ Glasgow Coma Scale scores. Methods This prospective observational study evaluated Glasgow Coma Scale scoring agreement among 21 intensive care unit nurses and 2 independent researchers who assessed 202 patients with neurosurgical or neurological diseases. Each assessment was completed independently and within 1 minute. Participants had no knowledge of the others’ assessments.ResultsAgreement between Glasgow Coma Scale component and sum scores recorded by the 2 researchers ranged from 89.5% to 95.9% (P = .001). Significant agreement among nurses and the 2 researchers was found for eye response (73.8%), motor response (75.0%), verbal response (68.1%), and sum scores (62.4%) (all P = .001). Significant agreement among nurses and the 2 researchers (55.2%) was also found for sum scores of patients with sum scores of 10 or less (P = .03).ConclusionsAlthough the study showed near-perfect agreement between the 2 researchers’ Glasgow Coma Scale scores, agreement among nurses and the 2 researchers was moderate (not near perfect) for subcomponent and sum scores. Accurate Glasgow Coma Scale evaluation requires that intensive care unit nurses have adequate knowledge and skills. Educational strategies such as simulations or orientation practice with a preceptor nurse can help develop such skills.
Sleep Neurobiology and the Critical Care Environment
Authors: Fink Anne M. 
Published: August 2020

Topic
Sleep in the intensive care unit can be poorly consolidated and highly fragmented. This review examines the neurobiology of normal and abnormal sleep, with a focus on the changes that occur in the intensive care unit environment.

Clinical Relevance
Patients in the intensive care unit demonstrate a lack of rapid-eye-movement sleep and an inability to effectively transition from light to deep stages of sleep. These abnormalities can adversely affect hemodynamic parameters and physiological and psychological outcomes.

Purpose
To describe the brain mechanisms and electroencephalographic characteristics of wakefulness and the different stages of sleep. This review also describes how sleep can be altered by hospitalization in the intensive care unit and how nurses can design interventions that improve sleep and outcomes.

Content Covered
The review examines sleep mechanisms, including brain electrical activity, regulatory centers in the brain, and circadian and diurnal patterns of sleep and hemodynamic function. Nursing interventions for specific patient risk factors in the intensive care unit are proposed.
Exploiting Technology to Popularize Goals-of-Care Conversations and Advance Care Planning
Authors: Esfahani Shervin , Yi Cassia , Madani Catherina A. , Davidson Judy E. , Edmonds Kyle P. , Wynn Susan 
Published: August 2020

Background
Goals-of-care conversations are a central component of high-quality patient-centered care. However, clinicians may not engage in such conversations until patients are critically ill.

Objective
To assess the frequency and quality of goals-of-care conversation documentation among patients who died in an intensive care unit, and then to develop and implement mechanisms to improve the quantity and quality of such conversations.

Methods
A baseline retrospective medical records review of intensive care unit deaths that occurred within 1 year was conducted to assess the barriers to high-quality goals-of-care conversations. A nurse-led inter-professional task force was formed to address possible solutions.

Interventions
A new electronic health record tab, note type, and preformatted template known as a SmartPhrase for goals-of-care conversations were created. Nurses and physicians were educated and encouraged to perform and document goals-of-care conversations.

Results
Before implementation of the initiative, the electronic health record lacked a consistent place to document goals-of-care conversations, and such conversations were not occurring until patients required intensive care. Moreover, the content of documentation of the conversations was inconsistent. Three years after implementation of the initiative, the goals-of-care conversation documentation tab was used for 75% of hospital deaths, and 67% of goals-of-care conversation notes included use of the SmartPhrase template.

Conclusions
Electronic health record platforms can be used to improve the frequency, consistency of documentation, and quality of goals-of-care conversations. A standardized process coupled with effective work tools can foster a culture of advance care planning.
Outcome-Focused Critical Care Orientation Program: From Unit Based to Centralized
Authors: Monforto Kathleen , Perkel Madeline , Rust Donna , Wildes Raymond , King Karen , Lebet Ruth 
Published: August 2020

Background
An effective orientation ensures that new nurses are prepared to deliver competent care to patients. In organizations with several critical care units, opportunities exist to achieve standardization of core content applicable to all critical care areas.

Purpose
This quality improvement project, conducted in a large children’s hospital with multiple critical care units, was designed to centralize critical care orientation and standardize its content, as well as to measure learning outcomes of the revised program.

Methods
Before initiation of this project, a 2-day critical care orientation class was held regularly for newly hired critical care nurses. Nurses attended this class at different time points in their orientation. Critical care units also held unit-based orientation classes. Nursing professional development specialists and representatives from each critical care unit collaborated to redesign the 2-day critical care orientation class in order to standardize content taught across the organization, increase attendance at the class, and reduce redundancy of topics covered in unit-based classes.

Interventions
The redesigned program included online modules followed by 4-hour sessions that built on the knowledge gained in the modules. The sessions used multiple learner engagement strategies. Learning outcomes were evaluated using pretests and posttests.

Results
Between June 2017 and March 2018, a total of 150 nurses completed the redesigned program. Median posttest scores increased significantly from median pretest scores for each critical care orientation session.

Conclusion
The program achieved the goal of standardizing education and increasing critical care nurses’ knowledge.
Morocco's Participative Banking Sector: A Cross-Analysis of Current State, Opportunities and Challenges of Its Five Banks and Three Windows
Authors: Amrani Oumniya , Najab Amal 
Published: August 2020

Launched two and a half years ago, the model of Islamic banking adopted by Morocco consists of five banks and three windows. This paper aims to present an exploratory case study of the performance of the eight actors of Morocco participative banking. The study reveals an increase of Murabaha funding and deposits while the total net profit remains negative (MAD -420 million) mainly due to the start-up costs absorbing an enormous amount of resources. Presented in a SWOT Analysis, the study’s results confirm that the sector is facing many difficulties and gaps that negatively affect the business especially the incomplete participative financial ecosystem. Then, the paper presents a benchmark study of Turkey’s participation in banking. Findings show that the financial ecosystem in Turkey is much more developed compared to Morocco. Consequently, this situation favored the rise of the five operational participation banks whose asset growth rate reached 99%, between 2014 and 2018, and recorded positive net profits which exceeded TL 2 billion. Nevertheless, both Morocco and Turkey participation banks are still too young and can make headway only if the regulators and the operators properly address the challenges which hamper their development.
JEL Classification: G21, 057.