bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq.: a traditionally used medicinal plant in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Istiak , Forid Shaekh , Roney Miah , Aluwi Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd , Huq Moyeenul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
In an attempt to explore the scientific basis for the pharmacological benefits the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ipomoea mauritiana whole plant methanol extract were assessed.

Methods
The total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined using standard method while antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging activity method. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method and compared with standard kanamycin (30 μg/disc).

Results
The results revealed that I. mauritiana extract contains tannin, saponin, terpenoids, alkaloid and flavonoids. In DPPH, ascorbic acid and extract showed highest scavenging activity and it was 90.96% at concentration 800 μg/mL and I. mauritiana methanol extract showed 72.28% at a concentration of 800 μg/mL. The extract was able to reduce the stable free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 275.084 μg/mL while that of ascorbic acid was 230.09 μg/mL. Total phenolic constituent of the extract was 59.302 ± 3.289 mg/g as gallic acid equivalent. The flavonoid content of methanolic extract of I. mauritiana was 27.212 mg of QE/g. In case of antimicrobial screening, crude extracts of I. mauritiana showed notable antibacterial activity against tested microorganisms. The extract and standard showed the highest mean zone of inhibition ranging from 13 to 19 mm and 37 to 42 mm, respectively at a concentration of 400 μg /disc and against the gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus-19.25 mm) showed highest zone of inhibition.

Conclusions
The results indicate that I. mauritiana possesses considerable antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
Three sub-Saharan migration systems in times of policy restriction
Authors: Beauchemin Cris , Flahaux Marie-Laurence , Schoumaker Bruno 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews new evidence on the trends and patterns of migration between Africa and Europe since the mid-1970s, and discusses their congruency with the changing context of migration policy. Using data from theDeterminants of International Migration(DEMIG) and theMigration between Africa and Europe(MAFE) projects, we compare flows and policies of three African and six European destination countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, and Senegal, on the one hand; and Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and the UK, on the other). The paper focuses on topics that quantitative studies usually overlook due to the lack of data, namely the propensity to out-migrate, legal status at entry, routes of migration, and propensity to return. We show that times of restrictions in Europe do not correspond to less African out-migration, but rather to more unauthorized migration and fewer returns. We further show that trends in African migration differ greatly between historical and new destination countries in Europe.
Laparoscopic image of carbon dioxide embolism during laparoscopic hepatectomy: a case report
Authors: Takechi Kenichi , Ito Mari , Peng Yi , Daizen Waka , Shimizu Ichiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Carbon dioxide embolism is a life-threatening complication of laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Case presentation
A 59-year-old man was admitted for laparoscopic hepatectomy. Approximately 5 h after commencing the operation, we observed a gradual decline in the SpO2 from 100 to 94%, reduction in the ETCO2 from 44 to 19 mmHg, reduction in the systolic blood pressure from 100 to 82 mmHg, and elevation of the heart rate from 82 to 120 beats/min. Intraoperatively, the image displayed on the laparoscopic monitor revealed a small tear in the vein. The inspired O2 fraction was raised to 1.0, intravenous phenylephrine (0.1 mg bolus) was administered, and the respiratory rate was increased. After the patient was stabilized, the injured vein was cut and sealed. After the embolic event, the entire operation was completed without complications.

Conclusions
Careful observation of the laparoscopic monitor is important, particularly during establishment of pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy.
Survival Rate, Growth And Chemical Content of Dendronereis pinnaticirris (Polychaeta, Nereidae) In Maintenance With Different Food And Substrate
Authors: Wibowo Eko Setio , Yuwono Edy , Sukardi Purnama , Siregar Asrul Sahri 
Published: May 2020

The worm Dendronereis pinnaticirris is used as feed of shrimp broodstock in a hatchery, mainly because of its availability in the local market, and its nutritional content required for improving gonad maturation and post larvae production. The important economic value of the worm and the increasing demand for feed in shrimp hatcheries have led to an intense exploitation that suppers its population and the sustainability of the whole estuarine ecosystem. The study, which represents the starting point of large-scale production of the polychaete worm by culture in the artificial system, shall be undertaken. Accordingly, a production study using D. pinnaticirris juvenile was carried out under controlled conditions fed with two different feed (feed contains mainly plant protein and animal protein, respectively), and kept in three different substrates (substrate consists of mud and 8.78%, 37.34%, 39.17% sand, respectively). The treatments were arranged according to randomized completely block design in 8 (eight) replicates. The survival rate, body weight increment and growth, oxygen consumption, proximate body chemical, and fatty acid contents were measured. The results showed that growth and oxygen consumption was significantly influenced by a substrate and feed type (P<0.05). Worms on the mud substrate with 39.17% sand, and feed containing vegetable protein showed the highest oxygen consumption. Survival rate and chemical body content were not significantly influenced by the type of substrate and feed (P<0.05). The protein content of the worm was 32.02-43.81%, while fat content was 2.41-9.89%. Twenty different fatty acids were identified in the worm of all treatment groups.
L’acte De Parole Perlocutoire Dans Le Film Sur La Piste Du Marsupilami D’alain Chabat
Authors: Aulia Khilyatul , Urip Sri Rejeki , Pudjitriherwanti Anastasia 
Published: May 2020

Chaque énoncée prononcée par les locuteurs a certaine signification et certains objectifs conformément à leur objectif respectifs. Austin distingue trois types d'actes de langage, ce sont locutoire, illocutoire et perlocutoire. Le but de la recherche est savoir (1) quelles fonctions des actes de parole perlocutoire dans le film Sur La Piste de Marsupilami et (2) quels effets des actes de parole perlocutoire contenant dans le dialogue du film Sur la piste de Marsupilami. Les méthodes et les techniques d'acquisition de données sont les méthodes d’observation avec la technique de base de la tapotement et de techniques avancées de SLBC (écouter sans participer) et noter. Les données ont été analysées avec la methode de Padan et la technique de base Trier des Certains Élements (PUP), puis continuer avec les techniques Relier, Comparer et assimiler (HBS) et puis Connecter et Comparer la Principe (HBSP). La méthode de présentation du résultat de l'analyse des données utilisée est la méthode informelle avec la technique de présentation des données utilisées des mots ordinaires. Basé sur l'analyse, j’ai trouvé des effets d'actes perlocutoires qui sont l’effets prévus et l’effet imprévus, il y a 42 actes perlocutoires avec des effets prévus et 13 actes perlocutoires avec des effets imprévus. Il y a seulement un acte perlocutoire déclaratif avec l’effet prévu, 10 perlocutoires representatives avec les effets prévus et 7 de perlocutoires imprévus, 3 de perlocutoires expressives avec les effets prévus, 4 de perlocutoire imprévus, 24 perlocutoires directive avec les effets prévu et 1 avec l’effet imprévu, 3 perlocutoires comissives avec les effets prévus et 1 avec l’effet imprévu.
qRf8-1, a Novel QTL for the Fertility Restoration of Maize CMS-C Identified by QTL-seq
Authors: Zheng Mingmin , Yang Tian , Liu Xiaowei , Lü Guihua , Zhang Peng , Jiang Bin , Zhou Shufeng , Lu Yanli , Lan Hai , Zhang Suzhi , Li Chuan , Rong Tingzhao , Cao Moju 
Published: May 2020

AbstractC-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-C), one of the three major CMS types in maize, has a promising application prospect in hybrid seed production. However, the complex genetic mechanism underlying the fertility restoration of CMS-C remains poorly understood. The maize inbred line A619 is one of the rare strong restorer lines carrying the restorer gene Rf4, but different fertility segregation ratios are found in several F2 populations derived from crosses between isocytoplasmic allonucleus CMS-C lines and A619. In the present study, the segregation ratios of fertile to sterile plants in the (CHuangzaosi × A619) F2 and BC1F1 populations (36.77:1 and 2.36:1, respectively) did not follow a typical monogenic model of inheritance, which suggested that some F2 and BC1F1 plants displayed restored fertility even without Rf4. To determine the hidden locus affecting fertility restoration, next-generation sequencing-based QTL-seq was performed with two specific extreme bulks consisting of 30 fertile and 30 sterile rf4rf4 individuals from the F2 population. A major QTL related to fertility restoration, designated qRf8-1, was detected on the long arm of chromosome 8 in A619. Subsequently, qRf8-1 was further validated and narrowed down to a 17.93-Mb genomic interval by insertion and deletion (InDel) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker-based traditional QTL mapping, explaining 12.59% (LOD = 25.06) of the phenotypic variation. Thus, using genetic analyses and molecular markers, we revealed another fertility restoration system acting in parallel with Rf4 in A619 that could rescue the male sterility of CHuangzaosi. This study not only expands the original fertility restoration system but also provides valuable insights into the complex genetic mechanisms underlying the fertility restoration of CMS-C.
The Gut Microbial Architecture of Efficiency Traits in the Domestic Poultry Model Species Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) Assessed by Mixed Linear Models
Authors: Vollmar Solveig , Wellmann Robin , Borda-Molina Daniel , Rodehutscord Markus , Camarinha-Silva Amélia , Bennewitz Jörn 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt is well known that mammals and avian gut microbiota compositions are shaped by the host genomes and affect quantitative traits. The microbial architecture describes the impact of the microbiota composition on quantitative trait variation and the number and effect distribution of microbiota features. In the present study the gut microbial architecture of feed-related traits phosphorus and calcium utilization, daily gain, feed intake and feed per gain ratio in the domestic poultry model species Japanese quail were assessed by mixed linear models. The ileum microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing techniques of growing individuals. The microbiability of the traits was on a similar level as the narrow sense heritability and was highly significant except for calcium utilization. The animal microbial correlation of the traits was substantial. Microbiome-wide association analyses revealed several traits associated and highly significant microbiota features, both on the bacteria genera as well as on the operational taxonomic unit level. Most features were significant for more than one trait, which explained the high microbial correlations. It can be concluded that the traits are polymicrobial determined with some microbiota features with larger effects and many with small effects. The results are important for the development of hologenomic selection schemes for feed-related traits in avian breeding programs that are targeting the host genome and the metagenome simultaneously.
Lexical Cohesion Roles In Speech Rhetorical Strategy of 2016 U.S Presidential Debate, Trump Vs Clinton
Authors: Saefudin Saefudin 
Published: May 2020

This research aims at describing the speech text cohesion and its contribution to the rhetorical strategy used in the 2016 U.S Presidential debate between Trump and Clinton in their first campaign debate on the political topic area on achieving prosperity, America's direction, and securing America. As an effort to reach the purpose of research, the researcher applies qualitative descriptive method on Discourse Analysis (D.A.) as the theory to describe and analyze the lexical cohesion relation and rhetorical devices linguistically used in the discourse of presidential debate. Furthermore, based on the analysis, the data were found around 399 lexical cohesion devices of reiteration and 64 collocations used by Clinton, and as many as 576 lexical cohesion devices for reiteration and 58 markers of collocation relations were applied by Trump in the debate over U.S presidential debates. Repetition is the most dominant type of lexical cohesion at U.S presidential debate, both realized by Clinton and Trump. The repetition achieved by both debate partners was 39.74% and 63.25%. Some of the lexical relation roles used by the two pairs of candidates based on the topics discussed reveal some differences in their political objectives, namely, economic and industrial issues, law, trade, investment, labor, taxes, and terrorism. Meanwhile, the rhetorical tools used by the two candidate pairs include; metaphor, a list of three, parallelism, and contrastive pairs (antithesis). In addition, the debate rhetoric technique used by both candidates includes; anaphora, epiphora, and climax.
Nilai sun protection factor anggur laut segar dengan metode dan jenis pelarut ekstraksi yang berbeda
Authors: Arifianti Ayun Erwina , Putri Rizky Clarinta , Ekaputri Salsabiela Haz , Aqilah Wanda Nisrina , Anwar Effionora 
Published: May 2020

Kanker kulit melanoma merupakan satu dari sembilan belas kanker yang sering terjadi di seluruh dunia. Kebutuhan akan adanya alternatif zat aktif tabir surya menjadi sangat penting terutama dari bahan alam laut yaitu anggur laut (Caulerpa sp.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai SPF ekstrak cair anggur laut segar dengan metode ekstraksi yang berbeda. Metode ekstraksi dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu maserasi dan microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) masing-masing dengan tiga jenis pelarut (etanol, air, dan etanol-air 1:1). Ekstrak cair yang dihasilkan diukur pH dan ditentukan nilai SPF secara invitro menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Ekstrak cair anggur laut segar dengan nilai SPF in vitro tertinggi kemudian dianalisis aktivitas antioksidannya menggunakan metode DPPH. Ekstrak cair yang dihasilkan berbau amis, dan berwarna hijau dengan intensitas warna yang berbeda. Interaksi antara perlakuan metode ekstraksi dan jenis pelarut menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan terhadap nilai pH ekstrak cair anggur laut segar. Nilai SPF dari ekstrak maserasi etanol, air, dan etanol-air berturut-turut 0,583; 3,099; 2,911 sedangkan ekstrakMAE 3,807; 5,555; 4,979. Metode MAE menunjukkan nilai SPF in vitro yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan daripada maserasi tanpa melihat perbedaan pelarut.Hasil persentase penghambatan DPPH dari ekstrak MAE dengan pelarut etanol, air, dan etanol-air pada konsentrasi 106 mg/mL berturut-turut 33,85%; 22,99%; 17,44%. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol dengan metode ekstraksi MAE lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak dengan pelarut lainnya namun tidak lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan asam askorbat sebagai pembanding.
Ekstraksi dry rendering dan karakterisasi minyak ikan patin (Pangasius sp.) hasil samping industri filet di lampung
Authors: Suseno Sugeng Heri , Rizkon Ahmad Khoirudin , Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Supinah Pipin 
Published: May 2020

Produksi minyak ikan di Indonesia memiliki kualitas rendah dan hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan tambahan pakan ternak. Tingginya suhu dan lamanya ekstraksi memicu pembentukan radikal bebas dan oksidasi pada minyak sehingga memengaruhi kualitas minyak yang dihasilkan. Perbaikan proses ekstraksi mampu menghasilkan minyak ikan dengan kualitas baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan suhu dan waktu ekstraksi untuk menghasilkan minyak ikan sesuai standar IFOS dengan metode dry rendering. Ekstraksi dilakukan pada suhu 50, 60, 70oC dan waktu 1, 2, 3 jam dengan metode dry rendering. Hasil ekstraksi terbaik yaitu pada suhu 50oC, 2 jam dan selanjutnya dilakukan pemurnian dengan proses bleaching menggunakan magnesol XL. Minyak ikan yang dihasilkan memiliki asam lemak bebas 0,08±0,03%, p-anisidin 1,92±0,63 mEq kg-1, total oksidasi 7,48±0,23 mEq kg-1 dan bilangan peroksida 2,70±0,20 mEq/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak ikan memenuhi standar IFOS pada parameter asam lemak bebas (≤ 1,5%), bilangan p-anisidin (≤ 20,0 meq kg-1), total oksidasi (≤ 26,0 meq kg-1) dan bilangan peroksida (≤5,0 meq kg-1).
COVID-19 Global Bir Çaba Olarak Yeni Hastalığı Anlamak
Authors: Akçay Arzu , Kınoğlu Kubilay , Özgün Şahin Ayşe 
Published: May 2020

COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 which was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, is seen to have left its mark in the history with a global pandemic. As a novel member of the coronavirus family, SARS-CoV-2 represents a new kind of sickness in regard to viral pathogenesis and tissue changes. To comprehend the pathogenicity of the virus totally, one has to follow the pathways which a virus travels and inflicts damage through. What starts out as a simple fever and coughing carries the potential to lead to shock, multi – organ failure and death even in the most unsuspected of cases. When faced with a challenge as contagious, deadly and widespread as this, one should put all the efforts that they have in order to overcome this obstacle. In the case of COVID-19 this cumulative effort has shaped itself into a globalized form. In an attempt to see the wider picture as to the whole pathogenesis of COVID-19, the medical and scientific society should recall the importance of a fundamental discipline, namely, autopsy. Even though, conducted in small numbers at the time, autopsies of COVID-19 cases have provided the literature with many important information. The role of autopsy in understanding disease, the immune system and pathogenesis is one that should not be disregarded and conversely, should be further developed and praised. The same ideology would apply to COVID-19 and any further pandemics to come.
Estado del arte del reintegro laboral en trabajadores de países latinoamericanos entre 1998-2019
Authors: Vasquez Jimenez Nancy Liliana , Delgado Henriquez Aura Maria 
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: realizar estado del arte sobre el reintegro laboral en trabajadores de Latinoamérica entre los años 1998 y 2019.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión narrativa con 27 estudios publicados en PubMed, EBSCO, SCIELO Scientifics Library y CENTRAL of the Cochrane Library. El reintegro laboral fue el criterio de búsqueda, se asoció con ausentismo laboral y legislación en diferentes países.
Resultados: destacaron las revisiones sistemáticas (28.6%) y narrativas (25.0%). Entre los tres aspectos puntuales para la búsqueda, prevalecieron los documentos sobre el proceso de reintegro del trabajador y en las enfermedades/situaciones desencadenantes de la ausencia laboral. A nivel de Latinoamérica, prevalecieron los estudios desarrollados en Colombia (n=10; 35.7%).
Conclusiones: Las enfermedades, accidentes y condiciones laborales están relacionadas con el tipo de actividad laboral desempeñada por los trabajadores. En Latinoamérica y específicamente en Colombia, se percibe un notorio interés por el desarrollo y puesta en marcha de protocolos para el reintegro laboral del trabajador. Es notoria la falta de investigaciones en más países de la región y profundizar sobre los costos que dicha situación acarrea para las empresas.
Luxury wine: analyzing motivations of luxury wine buyers in the US market
Authors: Thach Liz , Olsen Janeen 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this research study was to describe motivations and demographics of luxury wine buyers in the US market. An online survey was completed by 1081 US wine consumers, of which 473 were designated to be luxury buyers based on price spent on wine. Standard demographic and wine consumer scales were utilized for profiling. Results show that the luxury wine buyer is more likely to be male, aged 30 to 50, with a higher income and education level. Motivations of the luxury wine buyer are different than the non-luxury wine buyer, and reasons for purchasing luxury wine go beyond mere collecting. This research is one of the first to analyze the luxury wine consumer in the US market, and provides useful information for wine marketers and researchers on the profile of the luxury wine buyer in America.
JEL Classification: M31
Self-regulated learning of prospective mathematics teachers with different learning styles
Authors: Nugroho Aryo Andri , Juniati Dwi , Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko 
Published: May 2020

[English]: Self-regulated learning and learning styles are two of the various factors which contribute to students' achievement in learning at each level of education, including mathematics teacher education. This study examined the self-regulated learning of prospective mathematics teachers (PMT) with different learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic). It involved 66 PMTs who enrolled on a linear program course in the 4th semester. Data were collected through a questionnaire, a test, and a semi-structured interview. The test was used to select PMTs who have high mathematics ability as the subjects. They were provided with the questionnaire to examine their fulfilment of cognition, motivation, behaviour, and context in the four stages of self-regulated learning. The interview was administered to confirm and thoroughly explore subjects' responses in the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire and interview were qualitatively analyzed. This study found that PMT with different learning styles fulfils four aspects of self-regulated learning in the stage of (1) planning, forethought, and activation, (2) monitoring, (3) control, and (4) reaction and reflection in different extent, preference, and strategies. The differences are possibly affected by their different learning styles.
Keywords: Self-regulated learning, Learning styles, Prospective mathematics teachers
[Bahasa]: Kemandirian belajar dan gaya belajar merupakan dua dari banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi capaian siswa dalam pembelajaran di setiap level pendidikan termasuk pendidikan guru matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalis kemandirian belajar mahasiswa calon guru matematika yang memiliki gaya belajar berbeda (visual, audio dan kinestetik). Penelitian melibatkan 66 mahasiswa pendidikan matematika semester 4 yang sedang mengambil kuliah program linier. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes kemampuan matematika, angket kemandirian belajar, dan wawancara semi struktur. Tes digunakan untuk memilih calon guru yang memiliki kemampuan matematika tinggi sebagai subjek. Subjek terpilih diberikan angket untuk mengetahui tingkat capaian kognisi, motivasi, perilaku dan konteks dalam empat tahap kemandirian belajar. Wawancara dilakukan untuk mengonfirmasi dan memperdalam pilihan subjek pada angket. Data hasil angket dan wawancara dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa calon guru matematika dengan gaya belajar berbeda memenuhi empat aspek kemandirian belajar pada tahap (1) perencanaan, pemikiran, dan aktivasi, (2) pengawasan, (3) kontrol, dan (4) reaksi dan refleksi dalam tingkatan, pilihan, dan strategi yang berbeda. Perbedaan tersebut kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh kecenderungan gaya belajar yang dimiliki calon guru.
Kata kunci: Kemandirian belajar, Gaya belajar, Calon guru matematika