bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unstable intertrochanteric fractures are associated with a greater hemoglobin drop during the perioperative period: a retrospective case control study
Authors: Lin Po-Hsun , Chien Jui-Teng , Hung Jung-Pin , Hong Chih-Kai , Tsai Tzung-Yi , Yang Chang-Chen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background With an increase in the elderly population, the occurrence of hip fractures, as well as femoral neck fractures and intertrochanteric fractures (ITFs), is also increasing. It is important to establish effective perioperative methods in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with ITFs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ITFs according to the AO classification for perioperative hemoglobin drop.Methods Seventy-six patients with ITFs classified as AO 31-A1 or A2 and fixated with intramedullary nails participated in this retrospective cohort study. Medical records of these patients were retrospectively reviewed from September 2016 to August 2018. The perioperative hemoglobin drop was chosen as the main outcome measurement and calculated as the change between pre- and postoperative hemoglobin levels. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed and included the following variables: AO classification (A1.1-A2.1 [stable] vs. A2.2-A2.3 [unstable]), time interval between injury and surgery, age, body mass index, and use of anticoagulation medicine.Results Among the 76 patients who met the inclusion criteria, a significantly higher hemoglobin drop was observed in the AO 31 A2.2-A2.3 (unstable) group than in the AO 31 A1.1-A2.1 (stable) group (p = 0.046). The multivariate analysis also showed a greater hemoglobin drop in the unstable group (p < 0.05).Conclusions Patients with unstable ITFs showed a greater hemoglobin drop and suspected hidden blood loss around the fracture site. Therefore, aggressive presurgical blood transfusion for patients with unstable ITFs may reduce anemia and any associated postoperative complications, especially in patients with severe anemia or with a high mortality risk.
Validation of the Knee Osteoarthritis Patient Education Questionnaire (KOPEQ) in a sample of participants with knee osteoarthritis undergoing routine knee replacement by comparison of two measures
Authors: Huber Erika Omega , Boger Axel , Meichtry André , Bastiaenen Caroline H. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate aspects of construct validity, as part of the ongoing developmental process of the Knee Osteoarthritis Patient Education Questionnaire (KOPEQ 2). The subjects were patients with severe knee osteoarthritis who participated routinely in a preoperative educational intervention prior to undergoing a knee replacement operation. Construct validity was compared to an alternative measure with a comparable construct. The design used was a mixed method approach. Methods: The first step was to reduce the number of items on the first version of the KOPEQ. This was followed by a cross-sectional validation study to compare the revised KOPEQ 2 to a patient-testing protocol GOLD (interview-based), which was tailored to the same patient educational material. The KOPEQ was also correlated with the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy and the Mini-Mental State Examination score, based on a priori hypotheses. Results: Following item reduction, a relatively high internal consistency for the revised 7-item KOPEQ 2 was found, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 (SE: 0.036). Explanatory factor analysis showed no evidence against a one-factor model (with the first and second eigenvalue being 3.8 and 0.31, respectively). Bayesian Estimation of the correlation between KOPEQ 2 and GOLD was 0.78 (mode) (95% HPD 0.58 – 0.89). Conclusions: The KOPEQ 2 shows good psychometric properties and can provide support to health professionals by giving valid feedback on how patients experienced the applied patient education intervention while waiting for a knee replacement operation. Further studies are needed to assess the applicability of the KOPEQ 2 outside the fields of knee osteoarthritis and knee replacement.
Resveratrol inhibit interleukin-1β induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes through NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Shen Xiao-Fei , Cheng Yi , Dong Qi-Rong , Zheng Min-Qian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease and affect millions of people. Resveratrol is a coumarin compound refined from traditional Chinese medicines with potential anti-inflammatory ability. This study aimed to evaluate protective anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol in human OA chondrocytes. The chondrocytes were isolated from OA patients. CCK-8 method was used to explore the optimal dose of resveratrol for chondrocyte. Next, we used PCR and Western-blot method to assess the relative mRNA and protein expression in IL-1β group. We further explored relevant mechanism of resveratrol for anti-inﬂammatory in human OA chondrocytes by immunoﬂuorescence and Western-blot. The results showed that resveratrol blocked IL-1β-stimulated production of NO and PGE2. In addition, resveratrol inhibited the expression of COX-2, iNOs, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, and increased the levels of aggrecan and collagen-II. Mechanistically, resveratrol suppressed IL-1β-induced IκB-α degradation and NF-κB activation. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that resveratrol inhibits inflammation in OA via the regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and suggested that resveratrol may be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
A Promising Prognostic Model combining VitaminB12,Mean Corpuscular Volume and Maddrey Discriminant Function for Alcohol Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Pan Jing , Zhang Zhen-zhen , Yao Tian-tian , Qian Jian-dan , Cheng Hao , Wang Gui-qiang , Wang Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) which has a high mortality, is frequent during the course of severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH). Maddrey Discriminant Function (MDF), as a prognostic score special for alcoholic hepatitis, does not show a good prognostic value in ACLF associated with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). It is well-known that the serum levels of vitamin B12 (vitB12) and folic acid, as important substances in the methionine metabolism pathway, were altered in the patients of ALD and may impact on the outcomes of these patients. In this study, the relationship between vitB12 levels, erythrocyte parameters and severity of liver disease in patients with ALD was evaluated to improve the prediction of short-term prognosis in ALD-ACLF by combining with the valuable indexes.
Methods: 139 ALD patients were included in the cross-sectional cohort and grouped according to different prognostic scores, the factors that affect the scores were collected and statistically analyzed. In addition, a retrospective cohort of 79 patients was investigated to reveal the correlation between vitB12 and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) with the 28‐day mortality of ALD-ACLF. SPSS (20.0) and Medcalc (15.2.2) were used to perform statistical analyses. T-test, chi-square test or Fisher's as well as multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used. The ROC curve was plotted for relevant indicators, and the area under curve (AUC), cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.
Results: Patients with high scores in MDF, Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) and Age-INR-Bilirubin-Creatine (AIBC), had higher vitB12 levels than those with low scores(1264.78±623.52 VS 634.04±426.57, P<0..001; 1498.47±640.48 VS 750.83±501.95, P<0.001; 1183.71±703.42 VS 813.24±553.32, P<0.05); MCV levels were higher in patients with high MDF scores (105.43±13.02 VS 99.24±13.52, P<0.05). The AUC of a new model of MDF combined with vitB12 and MCV for 28‐day mortality was 0.802, which was significantly higher than that of vitB12, MCV, and MDF scores.Conclusions: High levels of vitB12, MCV and the severity of ALD have a statistically significant correlation. MDF combined with vitB12 and MCV have been showed a good specificity to predict 28‐day mortality in ACLF-ALD and it may be a new promising prognostic model in ACLF-ALD.
Co-designing technology for ageing in place: A systematic review
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , Chong Lin Siew , Bundele Anjali , Lim Yee Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Co-design in healthcare has become mainstream. Co-design with end-users can improve patient satisfaction, outcomes and reduce the cost of care. As populations age, there is a growing interest to involve the elderly in the co-design of health technology to maintain their well-being and independence. However, it is less clear if co-designed technology improves health and well-being outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate co-designed technology that supports elders to age in place. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to: i) investigate the health and well-being outcomes of co-designed technology for elders (≥ 60 years); ii) to identify co-design approaches and contexts where they are applied and; iii) to identify barriers and facilitators of the co-design process with elders. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Science Citation Index (Web of Science), Scopus, OpenGrey and Business Source Premiere databases using MeSH terms and key words. Results: We identified 14,649 articles of which 34 studies were included. Studies were from Europe (n=28), Australia (n=4), America (n=1) and Canada (n=1). Twenty of the 32 studies targeted older adults (≥ 60 years old) and 14 targeted specific medical conditions or elder-related issues. Technological solutions included robots, online applications and software, smart televisions, computer games for exercise, global positioning solutions, smart home systems and design of care pathways. Five studies reported health and well-being outcomes and were extracted. The health and well-being impact of co-designed technology was inconsistent. Co-design processes varied greatly and in their intensity of elder involvement. Common facilitators of and barriers to the co-design process included the building of relationships between stakeholders, stakeholder knowledge of problems and solutions, as well as expertise in the co-design methodology.Conclusions: The co-design approach was applied in the design of a diverse set of technologies. The effect of co-designed technology on health and well-being was rarely studied and it was difficult to ascertain its impact. Future co-design efforts need to address barriers unique to the elderly population. More evaluation of the impact of co-designed technologies’ is needed and standardisation of the definition of co-design would be helpful to researchers and designers.
Association between eating behavior, anthropometric and biochemical measurements, and pyy hormone levels in obese adolescents in outpatient care&nbsp;
Authors: Fernandes Simone P. , Alessi Janine , Santos Zilda de Albuquerque , Mello Elza Daniel de 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Food intake and energy expenditure, as well as short-term satiety signals, can be regulated by the peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) secreted by the gastrointestinal tract. It is also unknown if changes in PYY hormone levels lead to changes in feeding behavior or in body composition. More comprehensive investigation of serum regulation of gut-derived hormone signals, with behavioral and clinical outcomes, are needed to understand the consequences of deregulating the appetite of obese adolescents.Objective: To evaluate the eating behavior of obese adolescents and its association with biochemical, anthropometric and PYY measures. Methods: 51 obese adolescents received counseling for weight management at 12 monthly appointments. Fasting serum PYY levels, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin and glucose levels, waist circumference (WC) and results from the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-21) were assessed. Results: Over one year there was a significant increase in PYY levels (p = 0.026); reduction in TC (p = 0.003), TG (p = 0.022), BMI (p = 0.002), BMI z-score (p <0.001) and WC (p = 0.003). During this period there was a decrease in the Uncontrolled Eating score (UE), illustrating that adolescents displayed more self-control (p = 0.008) at the end of the study; however, this result was independent of BMI and BMI z-score (p = 0.407). The reduction in UE was associated with a significant improvement in insulin levels (rs = 0.326; p = 0.020). The reduction in UE was also associated with lower levels of blood glucose (r = 0.332; p = 0.017), and the increase of cognitive restriction, with the reduction of insulin insulin (rs = -0.294 p = 0.036) and TG (r = -0.368; p = 0.008) and an increase in Cognitive Restraint. Conclusions: Our results show that after a year of monitoring weight loss, adolescents had more controlled eating behaviors, increased PYY levels, and reduced weights.
Implementation strategies in pediatric emergency management: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Aregbesola Alex , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , Jeyaraman Maya M. , Okoli George , Lam Otto , Sibley Kathryn M. , Klassen Terry P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Behaviour change is not simple, and the introduction of guidelines or protocols does not mean that they will be followed. As such, implementation strategies are vital for the uptake and sustainability of changes in medical protocols. Medical or mental emergencies may be fatal, especially in children due to their unique physiological needs. In pediatric emergency settings, where timely decisions are often made, practice change requires thoughtful considerations regarding the best approaches to implementation. As there are many studies reporting on a wide variety of implementation strategies in the pediatric emergency setting, we aim to identify and map their characteristics, especially when successful, in pediatric emergency management (PEM). Methods : We will conduct a scoping review to identify various implementation strategies in PEM using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We will search Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central (Wiley) and CINAHL (Ebsco) for implementation studies among the pediatric population (≤21 years) in a pediatric emergency setting. Two pairs of reviewers will independently select studies for inclusion and extract data. We will perform a descriptive, narrative analysis on the characteristics of the identified implementation strategies. Discussion : We will present specific characteristics and outcome measures of all included studies in a tabular form. The results of this review are expected to help identify and characterize successful implementation strategies in PEM.
Isolation Of Pectobacterium Carotovorum, Identification With 16s Rrna, Phytase Activity And Characterization Of The Bacteria
Authors: CİNİSLİ Kağan Tolga , KILIÇ Safa Mustafa , Uçar Sevda , CANCA Emre , dikbaş Neslihan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Phytases can be produced by animals, plants and microorganisms. However, the most promising ones for commercial use and biotechnological applications are those of microbial origin. Phytases are also used in the preparation of myo-inositol phosphates in the food industry, soil remediation and in the paper industry. Biotechnology, along with the increased use of phytase enzymes, is a highly effective technology that is used today and will be used in the future to produce these enzymes and improve their properties. Results: The aim of this study was to conduct the molecular identification of Pectobacterium carotovorum strains isolated from lettuce to produce phytase from a new microbial source and the characterization of the enzyme. The activity and characterization of the phytase obtained from the bacterium was carried out. Isolation of strains was carried out following incubation at 26 ° C for 48 hours using Nutrient agar (Oxoid). The identification was performed using the 16S rRNA method. The phytase produced from Pectobacterium carotovorum showed the best activity at pH 8.0. The optimum temperature of the phytase obtained from Pectobacterium carotovorum was 60 ° C. Conclusions: In this study, enzymatic activity of phytase was investigated in Pectobacterium carotovorum for the first time. The results showed that it can be used in the industry due to the characteristics of the enzyme produced by Pectobacterium carotovorum. Keywords: Pectobacterium carotovorum, 16S rRNA, Phytase, Characterization
Assessment of risk factors for early childhood caries at different ages in Shandong, China and reflections on oral health education: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Zhifeng , Zhang Meng , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang Yuan , Li Yanan , Shao Chunchun , Xiong Shijiang , Lan Jing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The high prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) is widespread around the world, and oral health education (OHE) plays a vital role in preventing ECC. Numerous studies on ECC risk factor assessment have assisted us enrich the content of OHE. The objective of this study, while, was to further assess independent risk factors for ECC at different ages and provide evidence and insight for OHE. Methods : Data about oral health status, and oral health knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) from the questionnaire completed by caregivers among children 3 to 5 years of age (N=1301) in Shandong province were extracted from the 4 th National Oral Health Survey in China. The association between ECC prevalence and various KAP variables was tested in Chi-square test, bivariate analysis and by multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: The ECC prevalence in Shandong province was 64.6%, the dmft mean was 3.15. Independent associations with increased risk for ECC were age, feeding method within 6 months of birth, bedtime sugar frequency, the experience of toothache over past one year and dental visit. And feeding methods primarily contribute to the high risk of 3-year-old group, while sugar habits mainly contribute to 5-year-old group. The association between brushing and ECC was not confirmed in this study, and correct cognition was unexpectedly positively correlated with the high risk of ECC. Conclusion: These data provide evidence to suggest that the ECC-related risk factors at different ages are inconsistent, which give some insights for OHE, that is in addition to promoting preventive dental visit, we should also highlight the effect of feeding methods in the early of deciduous dentition and sugar habits in the late stage of deciduous dentition on ECC and the supplement of practice training.
Micronutrient Status of Palestinian School Children Following Salt and Flour Fortification: A cross-sectional Study
Authors: Massad Salwa George , Gebre-Medhin Mehari , Dary Omar , Abdalla Marwah , Holleran Steve , Kamally Wahida , Bordelois Paula , Khammash Umaiyeh , Deckelbaum Richard J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background In 1996 and in 2006, Palestine initiated salt iodization and multiple micronutrient fortification of wheat flour, respectively as a strategy to prevent deficiencies of these nutrients. In 2009, we assessed the impact of these interventions on the health and nutritional status of schoolchildren residing in the West Bank.Methods We surveyed a sample of 22 schools run by the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and the Palestinian Government. We randomly selected students from the first (mean age 6.7 years [SD 0.5]), sixth (11.8 years [0.6]), and ninth grades (14.8 years [0.6]). Data were obtained from 1484 (99%) of 1500 students planned for enrollment.Results Our results suggest that iodine intake appears adequate; there was essentially no iodine deficiency. As to the status of other micronutrients, the main nutritional micronutrient risks for schoolchildren in the West Bank continue to be low serum levels of iron, zinc and vitamin B-12; folate levels were seemingly high.Conclusions Wheat flour and salt fortification has had a major influence on improving the micronutrient status of Palestinian children, for some but not all micronutrients. The recommended key blood and biochemical parameters to be incorporated in the surveillance system are iron, zinc, and vitamin B12.
R-spondin 2 mediates neutrophil egress into the alveolar space through increased lung permeability.
Authors: Jackson Sergio Randell , Costa Maria Fernanda De Mello , Pastore Christopher Frances , Zhao Gan , Weiner Aaron I. , Adams Stephanie , Palashikar Gargi , Quansah Kwaku , Hankenson Kurt , Herbert De'Broski , Vaughan Andrew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective: R-spondin 2 (RSPO2) is required for proper lung morphogenesis. Our objective was to investigate whether RSPO2 is similarly important in homeostasis of the adult lung. Unexpectedly, we observed changes in neutrophil migration and lung vascular permeability in RSPO2-deficient (RSPO2-/-) mice compared to RSPO2 control (RSPO2+/+) mice, independent of experimental injury/challenge. Here we use multiple methods to quantify these observations to further understand how tonic RSPO2 expression regulates lung homeostasis. Results: Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated significantly higher myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell content from RSPO2-/- mice compared to RSPO2+/+ mice. Immunocytochemical (ICC) analysis likewise demonstrated significantly more MPO+ cells in BALF from RSPO2-/- mice compared to RSPO2+/+ mice, confirming the increase of infiltrated neutrophils. We then assessed lung permeability/barrier disruption via Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran instillation and found a significantly higher dextran concentration in the plasma of RSPO2-/- mice compared to identically treated RSPO2+/+ mice. These data demonstrate that RSPO2 may be crucial for lung barrier integrity and can facilitate an increase in neutrophil migration from circulation into alveolar spaces due to increased lung permeability/barrier disruption. Our studies suggest additional research is needed to evaluate RSPO2 in scenarios exhibiting either pulmonary edema or neutrophilia.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis provides insights into anthocyanin and pyocyanin accumulation in pear
Authors: Feng Shouqian , Zhang Zhen , Tian Changping , Zhang Ya , Li Chenzhiyu , Li Xi , Yu Qiang , Wang Shuo , Wang Xinyu , Chen Xuesen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundPear is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide. Anthocyanins and procyanidins (PAs) are important secondary metabolic substances that affect the appearance and nutritive quality of pear. However, few studies have focused on the molecular mechanism underlying anthocyanin and PA accumulation in pear.ResultsWe conducted metabolome and transcriptome analyses to identify candidate genes involved in anthocyanin and PA accumulation in young pear fruits of ‘Clapp Favorite’ (CF) and its red mutation variety ‘Red Clapp Favorite’ (RCF). Gene–metabolite correlation analyses revealed a core set of 20 genes for pear anthocyanin and PA accumulation. One gene in the core set, PcGSTF12, was confirmed to be involved in anthocyanin and PA accumulation by complementation of the tt19-7 Arabidopsis mutant. Interestingly, PcGSTF12 was found to be responsible for procyanidin A3 accumulation, but not petunidin 3, 5-diglucoside accumulation, opposite to the function of AtGSTs in Arabidopsis. Transformation with PcGSTF12 greatly promoted or repressed genes involved in anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis, regulation, and transport. Electrophoretic mobility shift and luciferase reporter assays confirmed positive regulation of PcGSTF12 by PcMYB114.ConclusionThese findings identify a core set of genes for pear anthocyanin and PA accumulation. Of these, PcGSTF12, was confirmed to be involved in anthocyanin and PA accumulation. Furthermore, an important anthocyanin and PA regulation node was constructed by two core genes, PcGSTF12 and PcMYB114. These results provide novel insights into anthocyanin and PA accumulation in pear and represent a valuable data set to guide future functional studies and pear breeding.