bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Nanoscale Heat Transfer: A Mini Review
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Liu Yuhan , Luo Tengfei , Tian Zhiting 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As device miniaturization advances, managing heat at the nanoscale becomes increasingly critical. Nanoscale heat transfer presents unique challenges, including size effect, ballistic transport, and complex phonon interactions, which conventional macroscopic theories cannot fully address. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been a powerful tool for directly modeling atomistic motion and interactions, offering valuable insights into thermal phenomena. This article provides an overview of MD methods and their contributions to understanding thermal transport in inorganic crystals, amorphous solids, polymers, and interfaces. Additionally, we offer our perspective on the emerging trends and future research directions in MD simulations, emphasizing their potential to unravel complex thermal phenomena and guide the design of next-generation thermal materials and devices.
Measuring Relative Motion to Develop an Interface That Off-Loads the Lower Limb
Authors: Johnson W. Brett , Pesquera Sarah , Childress Joshua D. , Villanueva Jacqueline R. , Shiels Stefanie M. , Lee Childers W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This investigation seeks to understand how the interfaces between fracture orthoses and the body affect the relative motion between the user and device. Excessive relative motion can inadvertently load the fracture and prevent healing. Identifying interfaces that minimize relative motion will inform the designs of future fracture orthoses. Three types of interfaces are used to off-load the injured limb: a thigh corset, a sling that loaded the ischium, and a sling that loaded the patellar tendon. However, little is known how these interfaces interact or with one another. Eighteen able-bodied participants were fitted with an adjustable interface testing system (ITS) that redirected loads away from the foot and lower leg to more proximal parts of the body using different combinations of the three interfaces. A video motion capture system measured the relative motion between the ITS and the participants while varying the type of interface, load through the ITS, and tightness of the thigh corset. Average relative motion varied from 1.6 to 6.5 cm across all conditions. The thigh corset combined with either the ischial sling or patellar tendon-bearing sling allowed the least relative motion of the interface conditions tested. However, the combinations differ in the sagittal profile they create for the user as well as the breadth of injuries they can treat. All these factors need to be considered in the design of future fracture orthoses.
An Adaptive Sliding-Mode Observer-Based Fuzzy Proportional Integral Control Method for Temperature Control of Laser Soldering Process
Authors: Tan Haopeng , Chen Zhihua , Bao Yunan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the process of electronic packaging, laser soldering exhibits advantages such as noncontact, minimal thermal affected zone, and rapid soldering process. Additionally, the precision of temperature control in laser soldering process is crucial as it determines the quality of the solder joints. However, the uncertain time-variant parameters and the unknown time-varying bounded disturbances make it challenging for high-precision temperature control to achieve high-quality solder joints. To address parametric uncertainties and disturbances, an adaptive sliding-mode observer-based fuzzy PI (ASMFPI) control method is proposed. In ASMFPI, an adaptive sliding-mode algorithm-based observer is designed to estimate temperature variations caused by uncertainties and disturbances, aiming to improve the accuracy of the temperature model. An observer-based compensation is employed to enhance the temperature control precision. Then, a fuzzy proportional integral (PI) control algorithm is adopted to guarantee the track performance and robustness of the closed-loop system. Experiments and comparisons are conducted on a laser soldering machine to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the designed observer significantly improves the accuracy of the thermodynamic model. Furthermore, comparisons of ASMFPI, well-tuned PI, and feed-forward PI methods indicate that ASMFPI exhibits superior temperature tracking performance compared to the other two methods.
A Multi-Objective Optimization Framework for Offshore Wind Farm Design in Deep Water Seas
Authors: Barnabei Valerio F. , Ancora Tullio C. M. , Conti Michela , Castorrini Alessio , Delibra Giovanni , Corsini Alessandro , Rispoli Franco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Floating offshore wind energy will play a key role in the clean energy transition. The number of large-scale wind farm projects is growing in regions like Northern Europe, the East Coast of the U.S., and the Mediterranean Sea. Offshore wind farms face fewer layout constraints, as they can be situated in vast, open sea areas. Turbines are often arranged in simple layouts, such as grid patterns, but this can cause significant annual energy production (AEP) losses due to wake–rotor interaction. Increasing spacing can mitigate this effect, but it may not always be feasible due to marine space limitations or higher costs for cabling and maintenance. This paper introduces a multi-objective wind farm optimization framework using a non sorted genetic algorithm (NSGA II) to minimize costs and maximize AEP. The method is applied to two case studies in the Mediterranean Sea, assuming 15 MW wind turbines. Case A is located off the coast of Civitavecchia, and case B in the Gulf of Squillace. AEP evaluation is performed with the open-source library FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady-State (floris), while optimization is done using pymoo. In case A, the layout characterized by the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) features 16 turbines, achieving an AEP of 709 GWh, an LCOE of 112.06 €/MWh, and wake losses of 2.6%. Meanwhile, in case B, the layout with the lowest LCOE consists of 19 turbines, achieving an AEP of 1140 GWh, an LCOE of 80.82 €/MWh, and wake losses of 4%.
Models and Structures in the Electrophysics of High-Entropy Alloys with Laser-Induced Fractal Surface Objects
Authors: Aleshin M. P. , Tumarkina D. D. , Oparin E. S. , Bukharov D. N. , Butkovsky O. Ya. , Arakelyan S. M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The possibility of controlled synthesis of nanodendritic structures of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is considered. The fundamental results on the electrical conductivity depending on the topological structure for iron-containing alloys and compounds in dendritic HEAs are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the theoretical and experimental studies of the structural features on the surfaces of HEAs with objects of fractal dimension. The influence of localized cluster inhomogeneities on the solid surface on the electrophysical parameters of samples has been determined taking into account the entropy of mixing in the surface topological structures of dendritic type. The fractal structures of dendrites are analyzed as prototypes of nanoantennas. It is shown that the main reason for the formation of the functional characteristics of such structures is the occurrence of a phase transition with the parameters of the emerging topological fractal structures (dendrites), which can serve as standard thermodynamic parameters, such as temperature and pressure. They will determine the phase states of the medium, including possible trends towards superconductivity. At the same time, the technology of obtaining such surface nanoscale topological objects, based on laser ablation, is quite simple and universal with controllable characteristics of the parameters of the resulting (emerging) structures of various configurations.
Proton Fluxes of Solar-Type Stars with Planetary Systems
Authors: Savanov I. S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The previously developed method for estimating of the parameters of proton fluxes from flare energies for the Sun has been applied to data on the flare activity of solar-type stars. The obtained results will be used to estimate the radiation situation in a stellar system containing exoplanets. In our analysis, we have used catalog data on flares of solar-type stars obtained from observations with Kepler telescope. The empirical relations between the energy of X-ray flares and the proton flux for the Sun have been extended to the case of stellar flares, similar to what has been done previously in the case of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The used method has had limitations caused by the extension of the solar analogy to other stars as well as the uncertainties that have arisen when applying scaling methods. It has been found that the characteristic values of the proton flux for solar-type stars can be one order of magnitude higher than the estimates for the Sun. Prospects for the development of alternative methods for estimating proton fluxes in the vicinity of stars of late spectral types have been discussed (for example, by studying the behavior of Si IV and He II emission lines in the far ultraviolet range).
Investigating precise control pathway for haemostatic clip usage in laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on patient clinical variations: an exploratory retrospective observational study
Authors: Yu Xiru , Wang Xiaodong , Li Ang , Su Jiao , Du Wei , Liu Yu , Zeng Wenqi , Yan Ling , Zhao Ying 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo explore a precise control pathway based on patient clinical variations for haemostatic clip usage in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) through on-site research data from a teaching hospital. Specifically, the study aimed to: (1) to calculate the optimal haemostatic clip consumption in LC based on diagnostic grouping and surgical combinations, and (2) to provide evidence for cost containment of high-value medical consumables used in LC.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingHospital in southwest China.ParticipantsThe inclusion criteria were set as inpatients whose medical records included International Classification of Diseases codes 1–3 with code 51.2300 (corresponding to LC surgery) and who were discharged on medical advice. A dataset containing 1001 patients without any haematological diagnoses was collected.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTwo ordered multinomial logit models were established to identify factors affecting haemostatic clip use in LC. Two-step clustering was used to form subgroups. The premodel included preoperative variables (acute cholecystitis and scarring/fibrotic atrophy), while the full model added intraoperative variables (anatomical variation and severe adhesions). Both models met application prerequisites.ResultsKey factors influencing haemostatic clip usage were identified, including acute cholecystitis, scarring/fibrotic atrophy, anatomical variation and severe adhesions. Consumption references for haemostatic clips were established for LC patients with good prognoses on discharge. The ordered multinomial logit model revealed that acute cholecystitis decreased the odds of using four or more clips (p<0.001), while anatomical variation, scarring/fibrotic atrophy and severe adhesions increased the odds (p<0.001 for all). The model suggested using no more than three clips in 17.30% of cases, precisely four clips in 81.72% of cases and five or more clips in 0.98% of cases, depending on the co-occurring factors. Model-predicted clip usage was consistent with actual usage (consistency=0.56).ConclusionsThis study provides a framework for evidence-based consumable management in LC, demonstrating the potential for extrapolation to other consumables and surgical combinations. Continuous monitoring and timely adjustment will be imperative as medical products and practices evolve.
AI and Big Data approaches to addressing the opioid crisis: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Amjad Maaz , Graham Scott , McCormick Katie , Claborn Kasey 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis paper outlines the steps necessary to assess the latest developments in artificial intelligence (AI) as well as Big Data technologies and their relevance to the opioid crisis. Fatal opioid overdoses have risen to over 82 998 annually in the USA. This highlights the need for urgent and effective data-driven solutions. AI approaches, such as machine learning, deep learning and natural language processing, have been employed to analyse patterns and trends in overdose data and facilitate timely interventions. However, a comprehensive scoping review on the effectiveness of AI-driven technologies to detect, treat, prevent or respond to the opioid crisis remains absent. Thus, it is important to identify recent advancements in AI and Big Data technologies in addressing the opioid crisis.Methods and analysisWe will electronically search four scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Engineering Village and PsycInfo), including finding reference lists and grey literature from 2013 to 2023. Covidence will be used for screening and selecting papers. We will extract information such as citation details, study context, data used, AI/Big Data technologies, features, algorithms and evaluation metrics. This data will be synthesised, analysed and summarised to draw meaningful conclusions and identify future directions to tackle the opioid crisis.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Results will be disseminated via conference presentations and peer-reviewed publication.
10-year outcome trajectories of people with mental illness and their families who receive services from multidisciplinary case management and outreach teams: protocol of a multisite longitudinal study
Authors: Yamaguchi Sosei , Usui Kaori , Iwanaga Mai , Kawaguchi Takayuki , Hada Ayako , Yoshida Koji , Nishio Masaaki , Yanata Hidemaro , Watanabe Mariko , Taniguchi Kenichirou , Aoki Hirofumi , Hisajima Yuichiro , Sato Sayaka , Fujii Chiyo 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIndividuals with mental illness and their families often undergo their recovery process in their communities. This study explored the long-term outcome trajectories of individuals and families who received case management services provided by multidisciplinary outreach teams in a community setting. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether trajectories of subjective quality of life (QoL) related to personal recovery were linked to those clinical and societal outcomes and changes in outreach service frequency.Methods and analysisThe protocol of this 10-year multisite cohort study was collaboratively developed with individuals with lived experience of psychiatric disorders who had received services from participating outreach teams, and with family members in Japanese family associations. The participants in the study include patients and their key family members who receive services from 23 participating multidisciplinary outreach teams. The participant recruitment period is set from 1 October 2023 to 30 September 2025. If necessary, the recruitment period may be extended and the number of participating teams may be increased. The study will annually evaluate the following outcomes after participants’ initial utilisation of services from each team: QoL related to personal recovery, personal agency, feelings of loneliness, well-being and symptom and functional assessments. The family outcomes encompass QoL, well-being, care burden and family relationships. Several meetings will be held to monitor progress and manage issues during the study. Multivariate analyses with repeated measures will be performed to investigate factors influencing changes in the patients’ QoL scores as the dependent variable.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (no. A2023-065). The study findings will be reported in peer-reviewed publications and presented at relevant scientific conferences.Trial registration numberUMIN-CTR, No. UMIN000052275.
Dehydroevodiamine Alleviates Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury by Regulating Neuregulin‐1/ErbB Signaling
Authors: Jie Song , Wenying Guo , Lebo Sun 
Published: December 2024

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used antitumor drug; however, its use is limited by the risk of serious cardiotoxicity. Dehydroevodiamine (DHE) is a quinazoline alkaloid which has antiarrhythmic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of DHE on doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) and its potential mechanism.Materials and Methods: Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to DOX for 24 h to establish a DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte injury model. DHE and ErbB inhibitor AG1478 were used to treat H9c2 cells to investigate their effects. Cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays were used to evaluate cell viability. Flow cytometry and caspase‐3 activity assay were used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis‐related proteins and neuregulin‐1 (NRG1)/ErbB pathway–related proteins. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress were also detected, respectively. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect mRNA expression levels of hub genes.Results: DHE enhanced cardiomyocyte viability and decreased LDH release in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. DHE also significantly inhibited DOX‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the protective mechanism of DHE against DIC was related to ErbB signaling pathway. DOX treatment significantly reduced NRG1, p‐ErbB2, and p‐ErbB4 protein expression levels in cardiomyocytes, while DHE pretreatment reversed this effect. ErbB inhibitor AG1478 reversed the protective effect of DHE on cardiomyocytes.Conclusion: DHE protects cardiomyocytes against DOX by regulating NRG1/ErbB pathway. DHE may be a potential agent for the prevention and treatment of DIC.
Assessment of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Health‐Related Quality of Life in Rosacea Patients: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Seetan Khaled , Gablan Mohammad , Alnaimi Mohammad , Alhazaimeh Daleen , Younes Mohammad Bani , Alnaimi Ahmad , Qablan Almutazballlah 
Published: December 2024

Background: Rosacea, a chronic facial dermatosis, poses a substantial global prevalence burden. Its impact extends beyond physical symptoms, affecting patient quality of life, self‐esteem, and psychosocial functioning. This study aims to assess the health‐related quality of life and emotional well‐being in Jordanian rosacea patients in comparison to healthy controls.Methods: A case‐control study, matching for age and sex, was conducted among rosacea patients attending the outpatient department at a governmental secondary hospital in the north of Jordan between September 2022 and November 2023. Adult patients with a confirmed rosacea diagnosis for a duration of ≥ 3 months were paired with healthy controls. Health‐related quality of life, anxiety, and depression were evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively. Disease severity was assessed using the Clinician’s Erythema Assessment (CEA) grading system.Results: The study included 198 rosacea patients and 198 healthy controls. Rosacea patients exhibited significantly higher DLQI scores (mean 11.32 ± 5.4) compared to controls (mean 4.28 ± 2.3), indicating diminished quality of life. Subscale analysis revealed prominent differences in symptoms/feelings and daily activities. Additionally, rosacea patients reported elevated scores on the HADS anxiety (mean 9.38 ± 3.2) and depression (mean 8.19 ± 4.3) subscales in contrast to controls (mean 3.88 ± 2.18 and mean 3.41 ± 1.87, respectively). More than half (57%) of rosacea patients experienced moderate or severe anxiety, and nearly a third (31%) reported moderate or severe depression. Regression analyses revealed that higher disease severity significantly predicted worse quality of life (β = 0.384), anxiety (β = 0.352), and depression (β = 0.312).Conclusion: The study demonstrated that rosacea patients in Jordan experience significantly diminished quality of life and higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to healthy controls. Disease severity and multiple facial lesions emerged as strong predictors of poor psychological outcomes, while female gender increased vulnerability and longer disease duration showed a protective effect. These findings emphasize the need for routine psychological screening and a holistic treatment approach, particularly for newly diagnosed patients with severe disease manifestations.
Assessment of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults
Authors: Shitole Sanyog G. , Heckbert Susan R. , Marcus Gregory M. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Sotoodehnia Nona , Walston Jeremy D. , Reiner Alexander P. , Tracy Russell P. , Psaty Bruce M. , Kizer Jorge R. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Available evidence supports the importance of inflammation in atrial fibrillation (AF) pathogenesis, yet general anti‐inflammatory therapies have failed to show benefit for prevention of the arrhythmia. Better understanding of the specific inflammatory pathways involved is necessary to advance therapeutics.

Methods and Results
We evaluated 9 circulating markers of inflammation measured by immunoassays and incidence of AF in a population‐based older cohort. Biomarkers included measures of general inflammation and the NLR (nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor) family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, TNF‐α (tumor necrosis factor α), monocyte activation markers, and sIL‐2 (soluble interleukin‐2). Among 5726 participants (median age 72 years), 1836 developed AF over median follow‐up of 11.5 years. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, 5 biomarkers were positively associated with incident AF: IL‐6 (interleukin‐6), hazard ratio (HR), 1.14 (95% CI, 1.07–1.21); hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein), HR, 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01–1.09); white blood cell count, HR, 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04–1.35); sTNFR1 (soluble TNF receptor 1), HR, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.05–1.39); and sIL‐2Rα (sIL‐2 receptor α), HR, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.05–1.29) (all per doubling of biomarker). sCD14, sCD163, IL‐18, and IL‐1 receptor antagonist showed no association with AF. Upon concurrent adjustment for all biomarkers, only IL‐6 remained significantly associated with the arrhythmia, HR, 1.17 (95% CI, 1.07–1.26).

Conclusions
Among older adults, IL‐6, hs‐CRP, white blood cell count, sTNFR1, and sIL‐2Rα were positively associated with incident AF, but only IL‐6 retained significance on concurrent adjustment. These findings newly document associations for sTNFR1 and sIL‐2Rα and lend support to a preeminent role for IL‐6 in development of this arrhythmia. The efficacy of IL‐6 blockade for AF prevention awaits completion of appropriate clinical trials.
Johann Jakob Bodmers anthologische Ausgaben des Codex Manesse (Zürich 1748; 1758/59)
Authors: Bleuler Anna Kathrin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
J.J. Bodmer’s editions of the Codex Manesse (produced in Zurich around 1300) from 1748 and 1758/59 are examples of early modern German-language lyric anthologies. They lend themselves to discussing the central thesis of this volume, according to which early modern lyric anthologies were relevant for cultural-political interventions and consequently for canon-formation processes, insofar as – as will be shown – they exhibit a distinctly ideological-programmatic character. In order to work this out, Bodmer’s work will first be contextualized by examining his motivation for scrutinizing the German language, literature and culture of the Middle Ages as well as the historical images, discourse and thought traditions in which he was embedded. Bodmer’s editions are then examined with regard to their function and their significance in the history of reception.