bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on intelligent security camera system based on sequential motion recognition by using deep learning
Authors: Nagayama Itaru , Miyahara Akira , Shimabukuro Koichi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new intelligent security camera system, which is named COMDES, for automated detection of snatching incidents on streets during the night by using long short‐term memory (LSTM) network. Although over a half of all snatching incidents occur at night, this has not been considered in past studies. Thus, we have proposed an intelligent security camera system using a deep neural network and snapshot of a video frame to detect snatching incidents in the night by our previous paper. The COMDES can perform more efficient detection of snatching than our previous paper by using sequential frames observed in the criminal scene and LSTM. It can classify the situations into criminal or noncriminal scenes precisely. The experimental results show that the system, COMDES, can effectively detect snatching incidents with an accuracy of 98.89%.
Water‐isotope ecohydrology of Mount Kilimanjaro
Authors: Bodé Samuel , De Wispelaere Lien , Hemp Andreas , Verschuren Dirk , Boeckx Pascal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNotwithstanding its crucial importance for assessing the vulnerability of tropical mountain ecosystems to both local anthropogenic pressure and climate change, knowledge of the relationships between climate, hydrology, and vegetation on Mount Kilimanjaro is highly fragmentary. Unraveling the pathway of water from precipitation to transpiration can also help validate paleoclimate proxies derived from the hydrogen‐ and oxygen‐isotopic signatures of plant compounds, such as leaf waxes. We measured δ2H and δ18O in precipitation, stream, and soil water, and in xylem and leaf water of locally common plants, for four successive seasons along a 3,000‐m altitudinal transect covering lowland savannah, lower and upper montane forest, and the subalpine zone on Mount Kilimanjaro. Across all four bioclimatic zones, δ2H and δ18O in precipitation decreased with monthly precipitation amount at a rate of −8 ± 2‰ and −1.0 ± 0.3‰ per 100 mm, respectively. Our xylem‐water isotope data indicate that plants in general took up topsoil water during the northeasterly monsoon season and short dry season and gradually shifted to deeper soil water during the southeasterly monsoon season and the main dry season. Savannah trees and shrubs tapped from a water pool recharged by source water with a relatively constant isotopic signature. This observation conforms to the “two water worlds” hypothesis and implies a possible seasonal bias in plant‐derived paleohydrological proxies. Finally, our results show strong correlation between xylem‐to‐leaf water‐isotopic enrichment and ambient relative humidity, despite a bias in the savannah that we attribute to a leaf‐cooling mechanism in this warm, semi‐arid environment.
Plasma proteomic approach in patients with heart failure: insights into pathogenesis of disease progression and potential novel treatment targets
Authors: Cao Thong H. , Jones Donald J.L. , Voors Adriaan A. , Quinn Paulene A. , Sandhu Jatinderpal K. , Chan Daniel C.S. , Parry Helen M. , Mohan Mohapradeep , Mordi Ify R. , Sama Iziah E. , Anker Stefan D. , Cleland John G. , Dickstein Kenneth , Filippatos Gerasimos , Hillege Hans L. , Metra Marco , Ponikowski Piotr , Samani Nilesh J. , Van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Zannad Faiez , Lang Chim C. , Ng Leong L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo provide insights into pathogenesis of disease progression and potential novel treatment targets for patients with heart failure by investigation of the plasma proteome using network analysis.Methods and resultsThe plasma proteome of 50 patients with heart failure who died or were rehospitalised were compared with 50 patients with heart failure, matched for age and sex, who did not have an event. Peptides were analysed on two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC ESI‐MS/MS) in high definition mode (HDMSE). We identified and quantified 3001 proteins, of which 51 were significantly up‐regulated and 46 down‐regulated with more than two‐fold expression changes in those who experienced death or rehospitalisation. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction networks of significant differentially expressed proteins discovered the central role of metabolic processes in clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure. The findings revealed that a cluster of proteins related to glutathione metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism in the pathogenesis of poor outcome in patients with heart failure who died or were rehospitalised.ConclusionsOur findings show that in patients with heart failure who died or were rehospitalised, the glutathione, arginine and proline, and pyruvate pathways were activated. These pathways might be potential targets for therapies to improve poor outcomes in patients with heart failure.
Identification and Quantification of Single and Multi‐Adulteration of Beeswax by FTIR‐ATR Spectroscopy
Authors: Tanner Norman , Lichtenberg‐Kraag Birgit 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMarketing of adulterated beeswax foundation has recently become a major economic problem for beekeepers. Paraffin contamination leads to collapse of combs, and stearic acid has a negative influence on the development of bee brood. The quality of beeswax for beekeeping has not been standardized in EU regulations. Recently, it was shown that attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR‐ATR) can be used to determine beeswax adulteration. Differences in the IR spectra of authentic beeswax can be identified and calculated through comparison with authentic beeswax. In this study, the method is further validated by employing a high number of samples of authentic beeswax from different origins. Low quantification and detection limits are achieved for paraffin, stearic acid, tallow, carnauba wax, and candelilla wax. Furthermore, the FTIR‐ATR analytical conditions are verified by analyzing 358 samples of commercial and beekeeper‐produced beeswax foundations. Multi‐adulterated samples with as many as five different additives in beeswax mixtures are identified with the same accuracy as single substances. Additionally, the spectra of a further 14 different natural and synthetic waxes and hardened fats are analyzed and are compared with beeswax. Finally, a spectral library is established that can be used for further studies.Practical Applications: FTIR‐ATR is a fast and cost‐efficient tool in beeswax analysis for accurately monitoring a high sample volume. Analysis of 358 beeswax foundations showed an adulteration of 21.8% of the samples with paraffin, stearic acid, tallow, and combinations. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to detect beeswax adulteration of less than 3% of these adulterants and their combinations by FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy. This method can be used for monitoring beeswax foundations to identify adulterated materials, exclude these materials from the recycling process, and produce high‐quality beeswax, which is essential for bee health.
“A Golly was simply a toy. End of”: Inoculation, attention deflection, and attempted puzzle‐resolution in contesting racism in online discussions
Authors: McVittie Chris , McKinlay Andy , Munro Rachel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn producing arguments against minority groups that are designed to avoid accusations of prejudice, speakers routinely deploy two discursive strategies. One strategy of “inoculation” seeks to ward off such accusations, while the other strategy of “attention deflection” directs attention away from the potential target group. Where despite use of one or both strategies accusations arise, the result is a puzzle that needs to be resolved through explanation. Here, in a discourse analysis of online discussions as to whether “blacking up” is to count as racism, we see contributors contest (a) whether absence of intention to offend inoculates individuals from accountability for potentially racist actions, (b) whether “blacking up” depicts toys/characters rather than people, and (c) whether attempted explanations of accusations of racism work to resolve the apparent puzzle that has arisen. Contributors do not reach any consensus. These findings point to the difficulties in attempting to challenge potential racism.
Target‐stimulated DNAzyme Concatamers Released from Aptasensor for Highly Sensitive and Specific Detection of Progesterone
Authors: Shi Weiping , Liu Bingqian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAiming at the detection of ultralow concentration target progesterone (Pro), a novel electrochemical aptasensor based on DNAzyme concatamers signal amplification strategy was proposed. The strategy consists of target DNA strands (TDNAs), and two different hairpin DNA molecules (H1 and H2). The signal is amplified by the large amount of DNAzyme. The TDNAs modified on the electrode open H1 structures in sequence and propagate a reaction of hybridization events between two alternating hairpins (H1and H2) to obtain abundant DNAzyme concatamers. Upon target Pro introduction, a specific Pro‐TDNAs reaction was executed, thereby resulting in the release of DNAzyme concatamers from the electrode. Subsequent differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) detection of aminoazobenzene (DAP) resulting by DNAzyme catalyze the oxidation of o‐phenylenediamine (OPD) with the aid of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Likewise, a small amount of target Pro can efficiently induce the release of a large number of the DNAzyme from the electrode in the form of DNAzyme concatamer. Under optimal conditions, the the proposed assay presents good electrochemical responses for determination of target Pro in the range of 0.5 to 15 ng/mL with the detection limit of 0.36 ng/mL. In addition, the resulting sensor can successfully distinguish Pro from coexisting interfering substance and show good stability and high repeatability. What's more, the methodology has also been demonstrated by assaying Pro‐spiked samples in serum.
Statistical analyses of reservoir and fracturing parameters for a multifractured shale oil reservoir in Mississippi
Authors: Yang Xu , Guo Boyun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe use of multifractured horizontal wells has improved the efficiency of hydrocarbon extraction from shale gas and oil plays. It is highly desirable to estimate the characteristics of the reservoir and well fracturing through production data analysis. Production rate transient data from 16 wells in the Mississippi sections were analyzed to estimate local reservoir permeability and hydraulic fracture parameters. Key factors affecting well productivity have been identified for optimizing future well completion. Based on the theory of distance of investigation during transient linear flow, the reservoir matrix permeability of TMS was estimated to be between 53 nd and 210 nd, averaging at 116 nd. The matrix permeability follows the lognormal distribution and is considered homogeneous according to the coefficient of variation. The fracture half‐length was estimated using the matrix permeability data from the rate transient analysis. The fracture half‐length was found to have a mean value of 234 ft with a standard deviation of 66 ft in a normal distribution. The fracture conductivity was back‐calculated by matching pseudosteady production rate data to Guo et al's (SPE Reserve Eval Eng.12, 2009, 879) productivity model for boundary‐dominated flow. The fracture conductivity was estimated to range from 0.4 md‐ft to 3.2 md‐ft, averaging at 1.4 md‐ft. Based on Guo et al's (SPE Reserve Eval Eng.12, 2009, 879) well productivity model applied to TMS condition, well productivity can be improved significantly by increasing fracture length and conductivity. Future TMS wells should be completed with conductivity values of greater than 10 md‐ft.
Fake news detection using deep learning models: A novel approach
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Asthana Rohan , Upadhyay Shashwat , Upreti Nidhi , Akbar Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the ever increase in social media usage, it has become necessary to combat the spread of false information and decrease the reliance of information retrieval from such sources. Social platforms are under constant pressure to come up with efficient methods to solve this problem because users' interaction with fake and unreliable news leads to its spread at an individual level. This spreading of misinformation adversely affects the perception about an important activity, and as such, it needs to be dealt with using a modern approach. In this paper, we collect 1356 news instances from various users via Twitter and media sources such as PolitiFact and create several datasets for the real and the fake news stories. Our study compares multiple state‐of‐the‐art approaches such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short‐term memories (LSTMs), ensemble methods, and attention mechanisms. We conclude that CNN + bidirectional LSTM ensembled network with attention mechanism achieved the highest accuracy of 88.78%, whereas Ko et al tackled the fake news identification problem and achieved a detection rate of 85%.
Rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic and linolenic acids is reduced when esterified to phospholipids or steroids
Authors: Lashkari Saman , Bonefeld Petersen Majbritt , Krogh Jensen Søren 
Published: November 2019

AbstractManipulation of rumen biohydrogenation (BH) is of great importance, since decreased BH of linolenic acid (LNA) and linoleic acid (LA) is linked to increased content of the beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in dairy products and decreased content of trans fatty acids (FAs). We hypothesized that PUFA esterified to the complex lipid fractions are less prone to BH compared with PUFA esterified to the simple lipid fractions due to reduced lipolysis. In vitro rumen BH of different single lipid fractions was investigated, including free fatty acids (FFA), and esterified FA to triglycerides (TG), cholesterol esters (CE), and phospholipids (PL). A mixture of a buffer solution and rumen fluid was incubated with different lipid fractions, and C18 FAs were quantified by gas chromatography. In vitro BH kinetic parameters were quantified according to Michaelis–Menten equation and the maximum BH (Vmax) and time to achieve 50% of maximum amount (KM) estimated. Regardless of fatty acids, BH in CE and PL was lower than FFA and TG. The highest amount of cis‐9, trans‐11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans‐10, cis‐12 CLA was observed in lipid fractions containing LA and LNA, respectively, regardless of lipid fractions. The present study demonstrates the importance of lipid fractions on BH of LNA and LA and formation of CLA isomers. The results show that BH of FAs depends on the lipid fractions.
Real‐time presurgical resting‐state fMRI in patients with brain tumors: Quality control and comparison with task‐fMRI and intraoperative mapping
Authors: Vakamudi Kishore , Posse Stefan , Jung Rex , Cushnyr Brad , Chohan Muhammad O. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is a promising task‐free functional imaging approach, which may complement or replace task‐based fMRI (tfMRI) in patients who have difficulties performing required tasks. However, rsfMRI is highly sensitive to head movement and physiological noise, and validation relative to tfMRI and intraoperative electrocortical mapping is still necessary. In this study, we investigate (a) the feasibility of real‐time rsfMRI for presurgical mapping of eloquent networks with monitoring of data quality in patients with brain tumors and (b) rsfMRI localization of eloquent cortex compared with tfMRI and intraoperative electrocortical stimulation (ECS) in retrospective analysis. Five brain tumor patients were studied with rsfMRI and tfMRI on a clinical 3T scanner using MultiBand(8)‐echo planar imaging (EPI) with repetition time: 400 ms. Moving‐averaged sliding‐window correlation analysis with regression of motion parameters and signals from white matter and cerebrospinal fluid was used to map sensorimotor and language resting‐state networks. Data quality monitoring enabled rapid optimization of scan protocols, early identification of task noncompliance, and head movement‐related false‐positive connectivity to determine scan continuation or repetition. Sensorimotor and language resting‐state networks were identifiable within 1 min of scan time. The Euclidean distance between ECS and rsfMRI connectivity and task‐activation in motor cortex, Broca's, and Wernicke's areas was 5–10 mm, with the exception of discordant rsfMRI and ECS localization of Wernicke's area in one patient due to possible cortical reorganization and/or altered neurovascular coupling. This study demonstrates the potential of real‐time high‐speed rsfMRI for presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex with real‐time data quality control, and clinically acceptable concordance of rsfMRI with tfMRI and ECS localization.
Association of maternity waiting home utilization with women's perceived geographic barriers and delivery complications in Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Biniam , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan , Gebrehiwot Yirgu 
Published: November 2019

SummaryObjectivesThe aim of this study is to identify the influence of perceived geographic barriers to the utilization of maternity waiting homes (MWHs) and to explore factors associated with current delivery complications among MWH users and nonusers.MethodsAn observational cross‐sectional study was conducted between December 2017 and June 2018 in eight health facilities with MWH in the Gurage zone of Ethiopia. The associated factors were identified by using the combination of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) concept and multiple logistic regression for data analysis.ResultsA total of 716 women were included in the study, of whom 358 were MWH users. MWH users had lower odds of having delivery complications. Lower odds of delivery complications were found among women who gave birth in non‐cesarean section (CS) facilities. Women with pregnancy complications and did not used MWH were more likely to develop delivery complications. Women with delivery complications had higher odds of undergoing cesarean delivery and neonatal death.ConclusionsGeographic barriers influenced the utilization of MWH. The women who used MWH had lower delivery complications. This study strengthens the evidence of MWH utilization as a useful strategy to overcome geographic barriers and lower delivery complications.
Complexin 2 regulates secretion of immunoglobulin in antibody‐secreting cells
Authors: Tsuru Emi , Oryu Kohei , Sawada Ken , Nishihara Makoto , Tsuda Masayuki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionComplexins (CPLXs), initially identified in neuronal presynaptic terminals, are cytoplasmic proteins that interact with the soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) complex to regulate the fusion of vesicles to the plasma membrane. Although much is known about CPLX function in neuronal synaptic vesicle exocytosis, their distribution and role in immune cells are still unclear. In this study, we investigated CPLX2 knockout (KO) mice to reveal the role of CPLXs in exocytosis of lymphocytes.MethodsWe examined the expression of CPLXs and SNAREs in lymphocytes. To study the effect of CPLXs on the immune system in vivo, we analyzed the immune phenotype of CPLX2 KO mice. Furthermore, antibodies secretion from the peritoneal cavity, spleen, and bone marrow cells of wild‐type (WT) and CPLX2 KO mice were determined.ResultsCPLX2 was detected in B cells but not in T cells, while other CPLXs and SNAREs were expressed at a similar level in both B and T cells. To clarify the function of CPLX2 in B lymphocytes, serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, and IgE were measured in WT and CPLX2 KO mice using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The level of IgM, which mainly consists of natural antibodies, was higher in KO mice than that in WT mice, while the levels of other antibodies were similar in both types of mice. Additionally, we found that spontaneous secretion of IgM and IgG1 was enhanced from the splenic antibody‐secreting cells (ASCs) of CPLX2 KO mice.ConclusionOur data suggest that CPLX2 inhibits spontaneous secretion of IgM and IgG1 from splenic ASCs. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of antibody secretion of ASCs.
Characterization of a prevascularized biomimetic tissue engineered scaffold for bone regeneration
Authors: Cipriano James , Lakshmikanthan Adhithi , Buckley Christian , Mai Linh , Patel Het , Pellegrini Michael , Freeman Joseph W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSignificant bone loss due to disease or severe injury can result in the need for a bone graft, with over 500,000 procedures occurring each year in the United States. However, the current standards for grafting, autografts and allografts, can result in increased patient morbidity or a high rate of failure respectively. An ideal alternative would be a biodegradable tissue engineered graft that fulfills the function of bone while promoting the growth of new bone tissue. We developed a prevascularized tissue engineered scaffold of electrospun biodegradable polymers PLLA and PDLA reinforced with hydroxyapatite, a mineral similar to that found in bone. A composite design was utilized to mimic the structure and function of human trabecular and cortical bone. These scaffolds were characterized mechanically and in vitro to determine osteoinductive and angioinductive properties. It was observed that further reinforcement is necessary for the scaffolds to mechanically match bone, but the scaffolds are successful at inducing the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into mature bone cells and vascular endothelial cells. Prevascularization was seen to have a positive effect on angiogenesis and cellular metabolic activity, critical factors for the integration of a graft.
TRIM59 predicts poor prognosis and promotes pancreatic cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR‐glycolysis signaling axis
Authors: Li Rongkun , Weng Li , Liu Bingyan , Zhu Lili , Zhang Xiaoxin , Tian Guangang , Hu Lipeng , Li Qing , Jiang Shuheng , Shang Mingyi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAberrant expression of the tripartite motif containing 59 (TRIM59) has been reported to participate in the development and progression of various human cancers. However, its expression pattern and cellular roles in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. In our study, we found that TRIM59 expression was significantly increased in PC tissues and was positively correlated with several malignant behaviors and poor overall survival of PC patients based on bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry staining. Functionally, small interfering RNA–mediated TRIM59 depletion inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro, while TRIM59 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration in vitro and drove tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Mechanically, TRIM59 was found to enhance glycolysis through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, ultimately contributing to PC progression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TRIM59 may be a potential predictor for PC and promotes PC progression via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR‐glycolysis signaling pathway, which establishes the rationale for targeting the TRIM59‐related pathways to treat PC.