bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Judiciary Saga in Poland: an Affair Torn Between European Standards and ECtHR Criteria
Authors: Mastracci Matteo 
Published: November 2020

Judicial independence is a cornerstone of contemporary constitutional systems within European legal orders that Poland, among many other European States, codified the principle at a constitutional level through Article 173 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Nonetheless, the concrete implementation of the theoretical framework remains a bone of contention between the national States and the main international actors. The latter faction, based on the acknowledgement that no single political model could ideally comply with the principle of the separation of powers and secure complete independence of the judiciary, has developed an impressive number of legal tools that are part of a more diffuse European trend of interpretation, which should be labelled as European standard or European corpus aiming at preserving the judiciary order from outward interferences by the legislative and executive powers. In Poland, after the extensive victory earned by the Law and Justice (PIS) party in the Parliamentary election of 2015, the executive branch propelled a series of interlock reforms with the aim of reshuffling the whole judicial asset of the country. In the first place, the way forward was marked by a compound diatribe concerning the Constitutional Tribunal, and the essence of the dispute concerned the mandate’s legitimacy of three sitting judges after the Court’s reinterpretation of the K 34/15 ruling that ended up on 2.12.2015 with the election of five new judges appointed ex novo by the ruling party. Afterwards, the attention shifted towards the rethinking of the National Council of Judiciary (KRS), a mixed judicial body guardian of the independence of the judiciary, asserting, firstly, the unconstitutionality of its statute and, subsequently, planning a new method of appointment for the judicial members previously elected by the judiciary itself. Ultimately, as a closing step, the spotlight turned in the direction of the Supreme Courts judges, where the most spectacular sweep was the provision aimed at lowering the retirement age for the sitting judges on a scheme similar to the proposal made by the Hungarian government in 2011, where voices were raised, respectively, by the Hungarian Constitutional Court, the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights, and where, regretfully, the judicial independence standard played a minor role in the Courts’ reasoning. This concluding phase convinced the Commission to launch an expedited procedure against Poland before the Court of Justice, thus forcing the Polish government to retracts previous law through the adoption of a repealing law on 17.12.2018; in any event, as predicted earlier by the Opinion delivered by the AG Tanchev in Case C-619/18, the ECJ epilogue released on 24.6.2019, dissimilar to the one reached in the Hungarian case, was the heaviest ‘contrariness to EU law’.
The Migrant Crisis and Refugees – a Crisis of EU Solidarity
Authors: Mikołajczyk Barbara 
Published: November 2020

The migration and refugee crisis in Europe 2015–2016 has posed a great challenge to the international and European community in terms of solidarity with refugees, forced migrants and countries most vulnerable to large waves of migration. It would seem that solidarity in the European Union is well established, but it turned out that the crisis situation triggered a different interpretation of solidarity within the EU and revealed the weaknesses of burden sharing mechanisms. The intra-EU solidarity proved to be the most difficult to achieve in practice.
In this study considerable attention is paid to the principle of solidarity in the EU law and its interpretation by Member States as well as the Court of Justice. Moreover, the conducted analysis concerns three main EU solidarity and burden sharing measures – the Dublin mechanism, the applied in 2015 relocation schemes and ‘forgotten’ temporary protection measures. Their inadequacy in times of crisis became an important lesson both for the States as well as for the European Union itself and makes us rethink the concept of solidarity and its practical application.
Strategies to Prevent Repeated Pregnancies Among Adolescents
Authors: Tumchuea Siriwan , Kongvattananon Puangpaka , Somprasert Chomchuen 
Published: November 2020

Objective::
The purpose of this article was to discuss and synthesize strategies for preventing
repeated pregnancies in adolescents.

Methods::
An integrative review was conducted with a systematic search using Scopus, PubMed,
CINAHL, PsycINFO, DynaMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect databases for articles published from
2015 to 2019 under the PICOT element for reviewing published articles. The data were selected and
processed using PRISMA.

Results::
The results showed that the factors related to repeated pregnancy in adolescents were intention
and motivation regarding repeated pregnancies, no sense of control over life experiences,
not making decisions about contraceptive use, and barriers to accessing contraception. The strategies
for preventing repeated pregnancies among adolescents were as follows: 1) enhancing awareness
of repeated pregnancy; 2) empowerment regarding self-control; 3) effective youth-friendly
care services; and 4) family and social support.

Conclusion::
The findings of this study can contribute useful information to the midwife and nursing professions as well
as other healthcare providers in leading to preventive strategies and guidelines to reduce repeated pregnancy among
adolescents.
Extraction, GC-MS Evaluation and Anti-epileptic Potential of Seeds Ethanolic Extract of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall
Authors: Kala Chandra , Imam Syed S. , Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Gilani Sadaf J. , Ali Syed S. , Rahat Iqra , Ahmad Adil , Khan Najam A. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Putranjiva roxburghii Wall is traditionally known to cure many pathological
conditions including epilepsy.

Objective:
The present study is aimed at determining bioactive compounds in ethanolic extract of
Putranjiva roxburghii test extract (PRTE) seeds by GCMS analysis and to assess its antiepileptic
potential using various experimental models of epilepsy.

Methods:
The ethanolic extract of seeds of Putranjiva roxburghii was subjected to GC-MS analysis
to detect the bioactive phytoconstituents. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was performed
using OCED guideline 420. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling model of epilepsy and Maximal
electroshock epilepsy (MES) model of epilepsy were used to determine anti-epileptic potential.

Results:
The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 20 phytoconstituents. The
major phytoconstituents included n-Propyl heptyl ether (25.25%), 5-Ethyl hydantoin (8%), octadec-
9-enoic acid (16.25%) and 1, 2-Benzene dicarboxylic acid (11.86%). The PRTE (50 mg/kg
and 100 mg/kg) afforded a significant and dose-dependent protection against PTZ-induced kindling
epilepsy and MES induced epilepsy (p<0.001 and p<0.01).

Conclusion:
Based on the above findings, it is evident that Putranjiva roxburghii seeds contain
biologically active compounds. It can also be concluded that the extract possesses anti-epileptic
potential.
Footprint Analysis of CMOS Compatible Silicon-on-Insulator Based Photonic Waveguides
Authors: Chandra Veer , Ranjan Rakesh 
Published: November 2020

Aim:
Establish the efficient footprint size, i.e., the total substrate width of photonic waveguides
(Ridge, Rib, and Slot) under the fundamental mode propagation constraints.

Objective:
By varying the total substrate width for all photonic waveguides (Ridge, Rib, and Slot) with
respect to four major waveguide parameters, namely effective refractive index, propagation loss, propagation
length, and confinement percentage, the converged values of these waveguide parameters have
to be obtained.

Methods and Materials:
The Finite Element Method (FEM) based simulations, using the COMSOL Multiphysics,
have been used to study the modal characteristics of photonic waveguides to achieve their efficient
footprint size.

Results:
The total substrate widths have been obtained for all four parameters and considering the impact
of all these waveguide parameters simultaneously, the efficient total substrate width has been recognized
as 2500 nm, 4000 nm, and 3000 nm, respectively, for Ridge, Rib, and Slot waveguides.

Conclusion:
The efficient waveguide footprints, i.e., the total substrate widths for the three photonic
waveguides, namely Ridge, Rib and Slot waveguides have been established.
Robust Control of Interlinking Converter Using PSO and ABC Algorithms
Authors: Juneja Mudita , Nagar Shyam Krishna 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
In this paper, an optimal control scheme for the Interlinking Converter (IC)
system is achieved by the proper regulation of its gate switching functions through appropriate optimal
feedback controller design.

Methods:
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID), Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative
(FOPID) and H-infinity loop shaping controller have been designed for the two-fold control objective
of simultaneous improvement in system robustness and reduced tracking error using parameter
tuning via Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithms.

Results:
The controller parameters are obtained by optimization algorithms. The comparative analysis
of the controller performance is carried out through simulation in the MATLAB platform to validate
the effectiveness of the controller design under various changing situations.

Conclusion:
The optimized controller parameters obtained through ABC algorithm are better than
that obtained through PSO algorithm in terms of both objective function values and execution time.
The resultant robust control strategy for IC system obtained through the H-infinity loop shaping
controller provides reduced tracking error and improved stability as compared to PID and FOPID
controller, as proved by the simulation results.
Optimal Dispatching of Power System by Introducing Concentrating Solar Power Station to Promote Large-scale Wind Power and Photovoltaic Accommodation
Authors: Zhou Xia , Li Yichen , Chang Ping , Dai Jianfeng , Tang Yi 
Published: November 2020

Background:
With respect to the problem of wind power and photovoltaic (PV) gridconnected
accommodation, a power system optimization dispatching method is proposed that introduces
a concentrating solar power (CSP) station to promote wind power and PV accommodation,
considering the dispatch-ability of the thermal storage system (TSS) and the accommodation
capacity of the electric heating device (EHD) in the CSP station.

Methods:
The method analyzes an internal simplified model of a CSP station and a short-timescale
identification method of wind and PV power ramping events based on a CSP-Wind-PV system
structure. Furthermore, the operating characteristics and constraints of various units are considered
with the goal of the lowest comprehensive system cost to establish a CSP-Wind-PV optimization
model for dispatching power system.

Results:
The method is simulated and verified on the IEEE-RTS24 node system by using the
MATLAB optimization toolbox.

Conclusion:
The results demonstrate that the participation of a CSP station can decrease the number
of power ramping events and reduce the curtailment of wind and PV power while ensuring the
economical operation of the power system.
Additional Damping Control of a Hybrid Multi-infeed DC System with a Wind Farm
Authors: Li Congshan , Fang Yan , He Ping , Li Yikai , Sheng Tingyu 
Published: November 2020

Background:
In a hybrid multi-infeed direct current (HMIDC) system, the interaction between the AC and DC
systems will have an influence on the damping characteristics of the system, while a doubly-fed induction generator
(DFIG) -based wind turbine connected to the grid complicates the coupling between AC and DC.

Objective:
Based on the basic principles of wind power generation and low-frequency oscillation (LFO), a DFIG -based
wind turbine is respectively connected to the LCC-HVDC side and VSC-HVSC side of an HMIDC system to study the
influence of the oscillation mode on a hybrid system with different wind power access locations, and two kinds of
additional DC damping controllers are designed to suppress the LFO. Comparing the effects of different additional DC
damping controllers on the suppression of the LFO in the system.

Methods:
First, the total least squares- estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (TLS-ESPRIT)
is used to obtain the system’s oscillation mode. Second, the transfer function is determined by the Butterworth bandpass
filter. Third, the LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC additional damping controllers are designed based on the H2/H∞ hybrid
control theory.

Results:
The designed additional DC damping controller has a good suppression effect on LFO in the HMIDC system and
can meet the system damping deficit. The effect of the LCC-HVDC additional damping controller is better than that of
VSC-HVDC.

Conclusion:
Through a simulation analysis on PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software, the effectiveness of the designed
additional DC damping controller is verified.
Health Care Professionals’ Experiences of Patient-Professional Communication Over Patient Portals: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Laukka Elina , Huhtakangas Moona , Heponiemi Tarja , Kujala Sari , Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Gluschkoff Kia , Kanste Outi 
Published: November 2020

Background
The popularity of web-based patient-professional communication over patient portals is constantly increasing. Good patient-professional communication is a prerequisite for high-quality care and patient centeredness. Understanding health care professionals’ experiences of web-based patient-professional communication is important as they play a key role in engaging patients to use portals. More information is needed on how patient-professional communication could be supported by patient portals in health care.

Objective
This systematic review of qualitative studies aims to identify how health care professionals experience web-based patient-professional communication over the patient portals.

Methods
Abstract and full-text reviews were conducted by 2 reviewers independently. A total of 4 databases were used for the study: CINAHL (EBSCO), ProQuest (ABI/INFORM), Scopus, and PubMed. The inclusion criteria for the reviewed studies were as follows: the examination of health care professionals’ experiences, reciprocal communication between patients and health care professionals, peer-reviewed scientific articles, and studies published between 2010 and 2019. The Joanna Briggs Institute’s quality assessment criteria were used in the review process. A total of 13 included studies were analyzed using a thematic synthesis, which was conducted by 3 reviewers.

Results
A total of 6 analytical themes concerning health care professionals’ experiences of web-based patient-professional communication were identified. The themes were related to health care professionals’ work, change in communication over patient portals, patients’ use of patient portals, the suitability of patient portals for communication, the convenience of patient portals for communication, and change in roles.

Conclusions
Health care professionals’ experiences contain both positive and negative insights into web-based patient-professional communication over patient portals. Most commonly, the positive experiences seem to be related to the patients and patient outcomes, such as having better patient engagement. Health care professionals also have negative experiences, for example, web-based patient-professional communication sometimes has deficiencies and has a negative impact on their workload. These negative experiences may be explained by the poor functionality of the patient portals and insufficient training and resources. To reduce health care professionals’ negative experiences of web-based patient-professional communication, their experiences should be taken into account by policy makers, health care organizations, and information technology enterprises when developing patient portals. In addition, more training regarding web-based patient-professional communication and patient portals should be provided to health care professionals.
Use of Telemedicine for Emergency Triage in an Independent Senior Living Community: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Carolan Kelsi , Grabowski David C , Mehrotra Ateev , Hatfield Laura A 
Published: November 2020

Background
Older, chronically ill individuals in independent living communities are frequently transferred to the emergency department (ED) for acute issues that could be managed in lower-acuity settings. Triage via telemedicine could deter unnecessary ED transfers.

Objective
We examined the effectiveness of a telemedicine intervention for emergency triage in an independent living community.

Methods
In the intervention community, a 950-resident independent senior living community, when a resident called for help, emergency medical technician–trained staff could engage an emergency medicine physician via telemedicine to assist with management and triage. We compared trends in the proportion of calls resulting in transport to the ED (ie, primary outcome) in the intervention community to two control communities. Secondary outcomes were telemedicine use and posttransport disposition. Semistructured focus groups of residents and staff were conducted to examine attitudes toward the intervention. Qualitative data analysis used thematic analysis.

Results
Although the service was offered at no cost to residents, use was low and we found no evidence of fewer ED transfers. The key barrier to program use was resistance from frontline staff members, who did not view telemedicine triage as a valuable tool for emergency response, instead perceiving it as time-consuming and as undermining their independent judgment.

Conclusions
Engagement of, and acceptance by, frontline providers is a key consideration in using telemedicine triage to reduce unnecessary ED transfers.
Physico-mechanical properties of bio-composites fabricated from polylactic acid and rice husk treated with alkali and ionic liquid
Authors: Islam Md. Sakinul , Ahmed-Haras Mohamed Rashid , Kao Nhol , Gupta Rahul , Bhattacharya Sati , Islam Md. Nazrul 
Published: November 2020

In the present work, chemically treated rice husk (TRH) and untreated rice husk (UTRH) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) bio-composites were produced using Haake rheomixer and compression moulding processes. Alkali (NaOH) and ionic liquid (IL: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) treated rice husk samples are TRHN4 and TRHILN4 respectively. Using UTRH, TRHN4 and TRHILN4 the fabricated bio-composites are UTRH-PLA, TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA respectively. The tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), impact strength (IS) and hardness values of TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA were found to be much higher than the corresponding values of the UTRH-PLA bio-composites. The tensile fracture surface morphological features of TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA composites, observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed less micro voids and fibre agglomerates, which indicates that better filler-matrix interfacial adhesion occurred in the case of chemical treated RH compared to UTRH when blended with PLA. However, composites TRHN4-PLA and TRHILN4-PLA showed lower water uptake capacity compared to UTRH-PLA. From the FTIR spectra of UTRH, TRHN4 and TRHILN4 together with water absorption behaviour of the composite specimens, it appeared that chemical modifications significantly reduced the hydrophilic nature of RH, resulting in improved fibre-matrix interfacial adhesion. The overall physico-mechanical properties of fabricated bio-composites were found to follow this order: TRHILN4-PLA>TRHN4-PLA>UTRH-PLA.
Perbedaan Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa Full Day School dan Non Full Day School
Authors: Wahyuli Rahmi , Ifdil Ifdil 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejenuhan belajar siswa serta mengidentifikasi perbedaan kejenuhan belajar siswa full day school dan non full day school. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantiataif deskriptif dan komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa SMP Negeri 7 Padang dan siswa SMP Negeri 22 Padang 1.021 siswa, sampel penelitian ini 250 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen Rahmi & Ifdil Kejenuhan Belajar inventori. Pengadministrasian instrumen secara online melalui google formulir kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan teknik Independent Sampel Test melalui program statistik SPSS. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kejenuhan belajar siswa full day school pada umumnya berada pada kategori sedang, kejenuhan belajar siswa non full day school pada umumnya berada pada kategori rendah, dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kejenuhan belajar siswa full day school dan non full day school. Perlu upaya konselor untuk mengatasi kejenuhan belajar siswa agar adanya motivasi dan semangat siswa dalam belajar serta memperoleh prestasi yang baik.
Kondisi Psychological Well-Being Siswa yang Berperilaku Konsumtif
Authors: Masrida Anisa Ainumia , Ifdil Ifdil 
Published: November 2020

Terpenuhinya kebutuhan psikologis maupun kebutuhan fisik dapat membuat individu menjadi sejahtera. Dilihat dari tugas-tugas perkembangan, siswa diharapkan dapat mencapai tugas-tugas perkembangannya dengan baik. Siswa yang mencapai tugas perkembangannya dengan baik ia akan mampu bersikap mandiri dan mengambil keputusan, dan bersikap independen. Namun femonena yang ditemukan adanya adanya individu yang memiliki kesejahteraan psikologi dalam kategori sedang yaitu pada aspek kemandirian, individu tidak bisa mengendalikan diri sendiri, dan tidak bisa mengambil keputusan sendiri. Peneiltian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif. Jenis penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa yang terdaftar di SMA Pembangunan Lab. UNP Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner (angket) terbuka, pengadministrasiannya dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan aplikasi google form. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik persentil (P). Dari hasil temuan tersebut secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif pada umumnya berada pada kategori tinggi. Idealnya untuk kategori psychological well-being siswa yang berperilaku konsumtif pada umumnya berada pada kategori tinggi, bisa dikatakan bahwa psikologi siswa di SMA Pembangunan Lab. UNP yang berperilaku konsumtif memiliki psikologi yang sejahtera, namun yang harus dikurangi yaitu sifat konsumtif yang ada dalam diri siswa tersebut. Seorang konselor perlu upaya lebih dalam meningkatkan psychological well-being siswa, serta konselor dapat membantu menyelesaikan masalah yang terjadi pada siswa khususnya pada perilaku konsumtif siswa, layanan yang dapat diberikan kepada siswa yaitu layanan informasi, layanan konseling perorangan, layanan bimbingan kelompok, dan layanan konseling kelompok.