bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones in the presence of Fe3O4@nano‐cellulose–OPO3H as a bio‐based magnetic nanocatalyst
Authors: Mirjalili Bi Bi Fatemeh , Zaghaghi Zahra , Monfared Aazam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this research, we have used Fe3O4@nano‐cellulose–OPO3H as magnetic bio‐based nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones via condensation of 2‐aminobenzamide and different aldehydes. The major advantages of the present methodology are good yields, ecofriendly catalyst, and easy workup.
Practical application of Six Sigma management in analytical biochemistry processes in clinical settings
Authors: Zhou Bingfei , Wu Yi , He Hanlin , Li Cunyan , Tan Liming , Cao Youde 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundSix Sigma methodology with a zero‐defect goal has long been applied in commercial settings and was utilized in this study to assure/improve the quality of various analytes.MethodsDaily internal quality control (QC) and external quality assessment data were collected and analyzed by calculating the sigma (σ) values for 19 analytes based on the coefficient of variation, bias, and total error allowable. Standardized QC sigma charts were established with these parameters. Quality goal index (QGI) analysis and root cause analysis (RCA) were used to discover potential problems for the analytes.ResultsFive analytes with σ ≥ 6 achieved world‐class performance, and only the Westgard rule (13s) with one control measurement at two QC material levels (N2) per QC event and a run size of 1000 patient samples between QC events (R1000) was needed for QC. In contrast, more control rules (22s/R4s/41s) along with high N values and low R values were needed for quality assurance for five analytes with 4 ≤ σ < 6. However, the sigma levels of nine analytes were σ < 4 at one or more QC levels, and a more rigorous QC procedure (13s/22s/R4s/41s/8x with N4 and R45) was implemented. The combination of QGI analysis and RCA further revealed inaccuracy or imprecision problems for these analytes with σ < 4 and discovered five aspects of potential causes considered for quality improvement.ConclusionsSix Sigma methodology is an effective tool for evaluating the performance of biochemical analytes and is conducive to quality assurance and improvement.
A tumor suppressor DLC1: The functions and signal pathways
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Guorong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDeleted in liver cancer‐1 (DLC1), a potential tumor suppressor, acts as a GTPase‐activating protein for Rho family members. In many human cancers, the DLC1 expression is frequently downregulated or inactivated, which allows cancer cells to proliferate and disseminate. In this review, we describe the characteristics and other members of the DLC1 family and delineate the signal pathways DLC1 involved in regulating cancer cell growth, colony formation, apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, migration and invasion. In addition, we explore the clinical data of DLC1 and the mechanisms that natural products upregulate the DLC1 expression to inhibit cancer. Despite these insights, many important unanswered questions remain about the exact mechanisms of DLC1‐mediated cancer suppression.
Oxidative properties of Moringa oleifera kernel oil from different extraction methods during storage
Authors: Mat Yusoff Masni , Niranjan Keshavan , Mason Onyinye A. , Gordon Michael H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMoringa oleifera (MO) kernel oil is categorized as a high‐oleic oil that resembles olive oil. However, unlike olive trees, MO trees are largely present in most subtropical and tropical countries. In these countries, therefore, the benefits of oleic acid can be obtained at a cheaper price through the consumption of MO kernel oil. This study reports on the effect of different extraction methods on oxidative properties of MO kernel oil during storage for 140 days at 13, 25, and 37 °C.RESULTSAll aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE)‐based methods generally resulted in oil with better oxidative properties and higher tocopherol retention than the use of solvent. Prior to AEE, boiling pre‐treatment deactivated the hydrolytic enzymes and preserved the oil's quality. In contrast, high‐pressure processing (HPP) pre‐treatment accelerated hydrolytic reaction and resulted in an increase in free fatty acids after 140 days at all temperatures. No significant changes were detected in the oils' iodine values and fatty acid composition. The tocopherol content decreased significantly at both 13 and 25 °C after 60 days in the oil from SE method, and after 120 days in oils from AEE‐based methods.CONCLUSIONThese findings are significant in highlighting the extraction methods resulting in crude MO kernel oil with greatest oxidative stability in the storage conditions tested. Subsequently, the suitable storage condition of the oil prior to refining can be determined. Further studies are recommended in determining the suitable refining processes and parameters for the MO kernel oil prior to application in variety food products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Human primary middle ear epithelial cell culture: A novel in vitro model to study otitis media
Authors: Chen Yajun , Val Stéphanie , Krueger Anna , Zhong Lydia , Panigrahi Aswini , Nino Gustavo , Wolf Seth , Preciado Diego 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesOtitis media (OM) is a ubiquitous pediatric disease leading to a significant health care burden. There is no medication beneficial to resolving COM fluid, highlighting the need for research in the field. Crucially, current human middle ear epithelial cell models are transformed cells not recapitulating physiological functions. Herein, we describe a new method to proliferate and differentiate pediatric primary middle ear epithelial cells (pMEEC) from patients as a physiological model for the study of OM.MethodsWe adapted a cell reprogramming protocol using irradiated fibroblast feeder medium in addition to Rho kinase inhibitor to proliferate pMEEC collected during cochlear implant surgery. Cells were plated on transwell membranes, proliferated with conditionally reprogrammed culture medium, and transferred to air–liquid interface (ALI). Cultures were maintained for 4 weeks at ALI, photos were taken and cell lysates and secretions were collected over time for characterization analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western bolt, and proteomics. Keratins, MUC5B and MUC5AC mucins, and beta tubulin (TUBB) were analyzed at the mRNA and protein level.ResultsCultures took a mean of 2 weeks to proliferate before transwell plating and forming a tight epithelium at ALI from 2 to 4 weeks. Although mRNA expression of MUC5B, MUC5AC, TUBB, and keratin 5 (KRT5) were variable depending on the differentiation stage and the patient, both TUBB and KRT5 proteins were detected until week 2.ConclusionWe demonstrate a novel method to proliferate and differentiate pMEECs that express epithelial markers and that are able to secrete mucins for the study of OM.Level of EvidenceNA
Effects of au naturel packaging colors on willingness to pay for healthy food
Authors: Marozzo Veronica , Raimondo Maria Antonietta , Miceli Gaetano “Nino” , Scopelliti Irene 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study introduces and defines a novel color family—au naturel colors—and proposes that featuring these hues on product packaging enhances consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for healthy food products, but not for unhealthy food products. This effect occurs irrespective of the fit between the colors of the product and of the packaging, and of the color lightness or saturation. Perceptions of product authenticity mediate the relationship between au naturel colors packaging and consumer WTP for the product. The results of seven studies provide support for the proposed conceptual framework, contributing to the literature on consumer responses to colors and packaging features, and allowing to draw implications for the marketing of healthy food products.
When open‐mindedness lowers product evaluations: Influencers to consumers’ response to religious cues in advertising
Authors: Minton Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrior research has examined response to Christian religious cues used in secular marketing messages but has inadequately explored the underlying reasons for such response as well as why religious cues may negatively influence product evaluations. These limitations are addressed in this research work through three studies utilizing religious cues. In Studies 1a and 1b, ads with a Christian or Muslim religious cue (no religious cue) were found to produce lower (higher) product evaluations. Studies 2–3 then examined why religious cues in ads can produce lower product evaluations to show that open‐mindedness moderated this effect (Study 2), and priming open‐mindedness also influenced this effect (Study 3). Most interestingly, open‐minded consumers were more negative toward religious cues in marketing communications than close‐minded consumers, and priming open‐mindedness magnified this effect. These novel effects are discussed in relation to the literature on open‐mindedness and value‐based consumption. Additionally, implications for research and practice are discussed.
Measurement Instruments to Assess Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bouça‐Machado Raquel , Duarte Gonçalo S. , Patriarca Maria , Castro Caldas Ana , Alarcão Joana , Fernandes Ricardo M. , Mestre Tiago A. , Matias Ricardo , Ferreira Joaquim J. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundFunctional mobility (FM) is a person's ability to move to accomplish activities of daily living; it bridges the concepts of mobility and functional ability. There is frequently a loss of FM in Parkinson's disease (PD). Several instruments have been used to assess this concept in PD; however, there is no consensus on which are the most appropriate.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify and critically appraise which measurement instruments have been used to assess FM.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and PEDro from their inception to January 2019 to identify all observational and experimental studies conducted in PD or atypical parkinsonism that included an FM assessment. Two reviewers independently screened citations, extracted data, and assessed clinimetric properties.ResultsWe included 95 studies that assessed FM in PD. Fifty‐five (57.9%) studies mentioned FM in the article, and 39 (41.1%) specified the measurement tools used to evaluate FM. FM was the primary outcome in 12 (12.6%) studies. The Timed Up and Go test was the most frequently used measurement tool. Only one study presented a definition of FM. Several overlapping terms were used, the most common being mobility.ConclusionSeveral studies reported the use of FM measurement tools in PD, though with frequent misconceptions, an inadequate context of use, or suboptimal assessment. We propose the establishment of the concept of FM applied to PD, followed by the adequate clinimetric validation of existing measurement tools to provide a comprehensive and reliable evaluation of FM in PD.
A qualitative study of how inter‐professional teamwork influences perioperative nursing
Authors: Holmes Thekla , Vifladt Anne , Ballangrud Randi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo explore Norwegian operating room nurses’ perceptions of how team skills in the inter‐professional operating room team influence perioperative nursing in relation to patient safety.DesignA qualitative, descriptive study based on interviews.MethodsTen operating room nurses (N = 10) employed in four Norwegian hospitals were interviewed individually. A qualitative inductive content analysis was conducted. The study was reported adhering to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Checklist.ResultsThree generic categories, containing three subcategories each, were identified illuminate the operating room nurses’ perceptions. The operating room team's team skills influence on (a) the quality of perioperative nursing, about task performance, result for the patient and learning; (b) the progress of perioperative nursing, by keeping focus on the task, being prepared and task distribution and (c) the operating room nurses’ work environment in the operating room, including confidence, stress and energy use and irritation or job satisfaction.
Liraglutide Lowers Body Weight Set Point in DIO Rats and its Relationship with Hypothalamic Microglia Activation
Authors: Liao Ting , Zhang Shan‐Lei , Yuan Xue , Mo Wen‐Qing , Wei Fang , Zhao Sheng‐Nan , Yang Wei , Liu Hong , Rong Xi 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of liraglutide on the body weight set point (BWSP) in diet‐induced obese rats and to determine the relationship between BWSP and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) microglial activation.MethodsDiet‐induced obesity (DIO) rats were divided into three groups: continuous high‐fat diet (HFD) plus saline, HFD with liraglutide, and HFD with liraglutide pair feeding. Body weight, BWSP, inflammatory cytokines, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, orexigenic/anorexigenic proteins, apoptosis, and microglia in the ARC were assessed. The effect of liraglutide on the Notch‐1 signaling pathway and its relationships with nuclear factor‐κB and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase were also investigated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced microglia activation model.ResultsLiraglutide reduced BWSP; reversed adverse changes in hypothalamic inflammation, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, and apoptosis; and diminished microgliosis in DIO rats. The BWSP showed a linear correlation with ARC microglial density. Liraglutide inhibited LPS‐induced M1 microglial polarization and promoted microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype, diminishing inflammatory cytokine expression. Liraglutide inhibited Notch‐1 signaling pathway activation and decreased nuclear factor‐κB and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway activation in LPS‐stimulated microglia.ConclusionsLiraglutide can reduce BWSP in DIO rats. There is a linear correlation between hypothalamic microgliosis and BWSP. Liraglutide reduces excessive microglial activation and inflammation, which may contribute to BWSP reduction.
The alternative complement pathway activation product Ba as a marker for transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy
Authors: Sartain Sarah , Shubert Stacey , Wu Meng‐Fen , Wang Tao , Martinez Caridad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA‐TMA) occurs after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is characterized by microvascular thrombosis and end‐organ injury particularly of the kidneys. TA‐TMA is challenging to diagnose and treat, which can lead to long‐term complications and death in patients with severe disease. Studies have shown that genetic abnormalities of the alternative complement pathway (AP) are associated with TA‐TMA. We hypothesized that patients with TA‐TMA may generate elevated levels of the AP activation product, Ba, compared with HSCT patients without TA‐TMA.ProcedureWe longitudinally measured plasma levels of complement activation products C3a, Ba, and C5a in 14 HSCT patients: 7 with TA‐TMA and 7 without TA‐TMA. We assessed renal function by calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and correlated the extent of AP activation with renal dysfunction in both patient populations.ResultsThe median days from HSCT to study enrollment were 154 (39‐237) in the TA‐TMA group and 84 (39‐253) in the HSCT group without TA‐TMA. Median Ba levels (ng/mL) at enrollment were 1096.9 (826.5‐1562.0) in the TA‐TMA group and 725.7 (494.7‐818.9) in the HSCT group without TA‐TMA (P = 0.007). Over the study duration, Ba levels inversely correlated with eGFR. There were no differences in C3a, C5a, or sC5b9 levels between the two populations at any measured interval.ConclusionsWe conclude in this preliminary study that Ba protein may serve as a marker for TA‐TMA, and furthermore, that components generated in the early phase of AP activation may be involved in the pathogenesis of renal endothelial injury in TA‐TMA.
The Unique Synthesis of a Green Metal‐Free Primary Explosive: 3,3′‐azo‐5,5′‐diazido‐1,2,4‐triazole
Authors: Lei Cai‐jin , Yang Hong‐wei , Xiong Hua‐lin , Cheng Guang‐bin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe unique synthesis of 3‐azido‐5‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (1) and a possible reaction process were described. The target compound 3,3′‐azo‐5,5′‐diazido‐1,2,4‐triazole (2) was obtained by further coupling reaction of compound 1 with potassium permanganate. Compound 2 was well characterized by NMR spectra, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The sensitivities towards impact and friction of 2 were characterized by BAM Fallhammer and BAM Friction. Compound 2 exhibited good density (1.68 g cm−3), good thermal stability (193 °C), high heat of formation (1345.1 kJ mol−1/5.468 kJ g−1), excellent detonation performance (26.7 GPa, 8345 m s−1 ) and acceptable sensitivity (IS=6 J, FS=72 N, EDS=0.224 J). Moreover, compound 2 was tested for its priming ability by detonating RDX. The result indicates that compound 2 could be used as a potential green metal‐free primary explosive.
Engineering the serpin α1‐antitrypsin: A diversity of goals and techniques
Authors: Scott Benjamin M. , Sheffield William P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstractα1‐Antitrypsin (α1‐AT) serves as an archetypal example for the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) protein family and has been used as a scaffold for protein engineering for >35 years. Techniques used to engineer α1‐AT include targeted mutagenesis, protein fusions, phage display, glycoengineering, and consensus protein design. The goals of engineering have also been diverse, ranging from understanding serpin structure–function relationships, to the design of more potent or more specific proteinase inhibitors with potential therapeutic relevance. Here we summarize the history of these protein engineering efforts, describing the techniques applied to engineer α1‐AT, specific mutants of interest, and providing an appended catalog of the >200 α1‐AT mutants published to date.
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation of dotinurad, a novel uricosuric agent, in healthy volunteers
Authors: Motoki Keisuke , Igarashi Takako , Omura Koichi , Nakatani Hiroshi , Iwanaga Takashi , Tamai Ikumi , Ohashi Tetsuo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of dotinurad, a novel uricosuric agent, and to construct a PK/PD model to predict serum urate (SUA) levels after dotinurad administration in healthy men. PK/PD model was constructed using single‐dose study data considering the physiological features of urate handling. Model validation was performed by comparing the predicted SUA levels with the SUA levels in a multiple‐dose study. Dotinurad was absorbed rapidly, and its exposure increased proportionally in the tested dose ranges (0.5–20 mg) after a single‐dose administration. The PK model after oral administration was described using a one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption. Effects on SUA and renal urate excretion of dotinurad increased with dose escalation but were apparently saturable at a dose >5 mg. The simple maximal effect (Emax) model was selected as the PD model of dotinurad on renal urate reabsorption, resulting in an estimated Emax of 0.51. The plasma concentration at the half‐maximal effect of dotinurad was 196 ng/mL. Other PD parameters were calculated from the change in SUA level or urinary excretion of urate before and after dotinurad administration. The predicted SUA levels, using the PK/PD model, were well‐fitted with the observed values. The constructed PK/PD model of dotinurad appropriately described the profiles of dotinurad plasma concentrations and SUA level in multiple administration study.
Antidiabetic potential of anthraquinones: A review
Authors: Mohammed Aminu , Ibrahim Mohammed Auwal , Tajuddeen Nasir , Aliyu Abubakar Babando , Isah Murtala Bindawa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present study was designed to review the antidiabetic potential of anthraquinones (AQs) with emphasis on the extent of blood glucose reduction, the half maximal inhibitory concentration values (in vitro studies), the proposed mechanisms of action, and the structure activity relationship studies. We sourced relevant data from the major scientific databases (Pubmed, Science Direct, Medline, and Google Scholar). According to our search, 25 AQs have shown variable antidiabetic potential, whereas one AQ (morindone‐6‐O‐β‐D‐primeveroside) showed no blood glucose‐lowering ability. Emodin and rhein showed the most promising antidiabetic potential in various models. The proposed mechanisms of antidiabetic action include upregulation of insulin receptor substrates‐1, phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase, and Akt‐ser473 expression and elevation of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 level in diabetic animal models linked to the potent protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitions. In addition, activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors gamma and inhibition of α‐glucosidase activity are other possible targets proposed as the mechanism of AQs antidiabetic action. The position and the number of hydroxyl group showed great influence on the overall antidiabetic potential of AQs. AQs hold promising antidiabetic activity despite scanty information. We hope that the present study will serve as a template to further explore the antidiabetic potential of AQs and subsequent antidiabetic drug development.
Insights into Non‐Ideal Behavior of Double Salt Ionic Liquids with Common Cation: Volumetric Behaviour, Molecular Dynamics Simulations and NMR Experiments
Authors: Ijardar Sushma P. , Saparov Ablay , Shah Dhawal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe designer concept of ionic liquid (ILs) allows combination of different types of cation with anion to manipulate desire sets of physico‐chemical properties. The additional degree of freedom to improve these properties is addition of second IL, i. e. mixture of two pure ILs, known as “Double Salt Ionic Liquids (DSILs)”. Depending on variation in physico chemical properties, DSILs could be ideal or non‐ideal solution. The present study was explores non‐ideal behaviour of three novel combination of imidazolium based DSILs using physico‐chemical properties. The proposed DSILs are homogeneous mixtures of two pure ILs with common cation and two different anions: ethylsulfate and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide / trifluoromethanesulfonate / thiocyanate. The densities, ρ and speeds of sound, u for proposed DSILs were determined at different temperatures. The excess molar volumes VmE and excess molar isentropic compressibilities KS,mE were calculated and discussed in view of chemical structures of pure ILs, nature of anions and type of interaction between ions. The VmE were found to be positive for all cases, whereas positive or negative KS,mE were observed for studied DSILs. The behaviour of DSILs was explained by molecular dynamics simulations in terms of interaction energies and hydrogen bonds between components of DSILs as well as 1H NMR results. The results indicate random distribution of anions around imidazolium cation and structural changes during formulation of DSILs.
Synthesis of Novel Antipyrine Derivatives Possessing Remarkable Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Bayrak Hacer , Cebeci Yıldız Uygun , Karaoğlu Şengül Alpay 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, new triazole, thiazole, oxazole and Mannich bases were synthesized starting from antipyrine. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against some test microorganisms and among them most of them show very good antituberculosis activity beside gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The structures of all synthesized compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods such as FT‐IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR.