bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Only the Bluesky is the limit: ten tips for a trending #Skytorial
Authors: Sethi Jasmine , Stauss Madelena , Mirioglu Safak , Floyd Lauren , Woywodt Alexander 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Threaded online medical education first emerged on X (formerly Twitter) in early 2018 following the introduction of a threading feature in December 2017, with nephrologists quickly becoming enthusiastic adopters. However, changes like paid features and weakened content moderation have led many nephrologists and allied professionals to migrate to other platforms, which offer the potential for a more suitable environment for learning and discussion. The 2024 US presidential election and growing disillusionment with X has accelerated this shift. By late November 2024, Bluesky appears to have reached critical mass, and we propose that it will become a major social media platform in nephrology. To this end, we provide 10 tips to compose educational material for use on Bluesky. We suggest a clean break with regards to terminology and propose the term ‘skytorial’. Starter packs can help rebuild networks on Bluesky. Skytorials need to be planned with thought given to audience and scope. The first post is important: like a hook in fishing, it needs to interest the audience and establish contact. Emojis and visual content can be used to generate interest. Skytorials need to be concise and less is often more. Tagging and the use of hashtags is important, as is a good take-home message. Finally, it is important to check the entire skytorial before posting it. The arena of social media is constantly evolving and the future is difficult to predict. However, given the rapidly growing popularity of Bluesky, we believe nephrologists should now explore the opportunities of the new platform.
Predictive factors for failure of neoadjuvant docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Terayama Masayoshi , Okamura Akihiko , Oki Akira , Kuriyama Kengo , Takahashi Naoki , Tamura Masahiro , Kanamori Jun , Udagawa Shohei , Shimozaki Keitaro , Osumi Hiroki , Fukuoka Shota , Ogura Mariko , Chin Keisho , Watanabe Masayuki 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Recently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy comprising docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil showed promising efficacy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, some patients do not achieve curative resection despite neoadjuvant chemotherapy using these drugs. This study aimed to clarify the pretherapeutic characteristics of these patients. We included 113 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil for potentially resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and compared the clinical characteristics between patients who achieved curative resection (curative group) and those who failed to achieve curative resection after planned neoadjuvant chemotherapy (noncurative group). Moreover, we determined the factors predicting noncurative outcomes. Ninety-one (81%) and 22 patients (19%) were in the curative and noncurative groups, respectively. The noncurative group had significantly more tumors located in the upper third of the esophagus, larger-sized tumors, and borderline resectable tumors than the curative group (P = 0.003, 0.049, and &lt;0.001, respectively). Moreover, the noncurative group had significantly higher serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen concentrations than the curative group (P = 0.008). Multivariable analysis identified tumor location in the upper third of the esophagus (odds ratio 7.31, P = 0.002), tumor size ≥50 mm (odds ratio 4.71, P = 0.037), and borderline resectable tumors (odds ratio 6.65, P = 0.003) as independent predictors for noncurative outcomes. Tumor location in the upper third of the esophagus, larger-sized tumors, and borderline resectable tumors might be significant predictors for noncurative outcomes in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil.
Impact of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring on minimally invasive esophagectomy outcomes for esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of case–control studies
Authors: Peyser Cardoso Rayner , Agarwal Lokesh , Cardoso Swizel Ann , Agarwal Ayushi , Varshney Vaibhav , Soni Subhash , Selvakumar B , Varshney Peeyush 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer carry an inherent risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) may help prevent RLN damage, though evidence on its effectiveness is still limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of IONM during minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for esophageal cancer. This SRMA followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines, with a registered protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022367916). Two independent authors conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases, screening studies on MIE for esophageal cancer using IONM. Case–control studies were included, focusing on the RLN palsy (RLNP) rate as the primary outcome. A total of 11 studies involving 1907 patients (IONM group: 752 patients; non-IONM group: 1155 patients) were included in the SRMA. IONM significantly reduced the incidence of RLNP (OR = 0.47, P &lt; 0.001). Length of hospital stay (LOHS) and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) rates were significantly reduced with IONM use. No significant differences were observed in anastomotic leak, chylothorax, total number of lymph nodes dissected, operation time, aspiration rates, or intraoperative blood loss. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of IONM for detecting RLN injury were 83.3% and 81%, respectively. IONM during MIE significantly reduces the incidence of RLNP, postoperative LRTI, and shortens the LOHS, without adding operative risks. Further research is needed to evaluate its long-term survival benefits and cost-effectiveness.
The hybrid history of zebrafish
Authors: McCluskey Braedan M , Batzel Peter , Postlethwait John H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Since the description of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in 1822, the identity of its closest living relative has been unclear. To address this problem, we sequenced the exomes of 10 species in genus Danio, using the closely related Devario aequipinnatus as outgroup, to infer relationships across the 25 chromosomes of the zebrafish genome. The majority of relationships within Danio were remarkably consistent across all chromosomes. Relationships of chromosome segments, however, depended systematically upon their genomic location within zebrafish chromosomes. Regions near chromosome centers identified Danio kyathit and/or Danio aesculapii as the closest relative of zebrafish, while segments near chromosome ends supported only D. aesculapii as the zebrafish sister species. Genome-wide comparisons of derived character states revealed that danio relationships are inconsistent with a simple bifurcating species history but support an ancient hybrid origin of the D. rerio lineage by homoploid hybrid speciation. We also found evidence of more recent gene flow limited to the high recombination ends of chromosomes and several megabases of chromosome 20 with a history distinct from the rest of the genome. Additional insights gained from incorporating genome structure into a phylogenomic study demonstrate the utility of such an approach for future studies in other taxa. The multiple genomic histories of species in the genus Danio have important implications for comparative studies in these morphologically varied and beautiful species and for our understanding of the hybrid evolutionary history of zebrafish.
Convergent Evolution Has Led to the Loss of Claw Proteins in Snakes and Worm Lizards
Authors: Holthaus Karin Brigit , Steinbinder Julia , Sachslehner Attila Placido , Eckhart Leopold 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The evolution of cornified skin appendages, such as hair, feathers, and claws, is closely linked to the evolution of proteins that establish the unique mechanical stability of these epithelial structures. We hypothesized that the evolution of the limbless body anatomy of the Florida worm lizard (Rhineura floridana) and the concomitant loss of claws had led to the degeneration of genes with claw-associated functions. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the evolution of three gene families implicated in epithelial cell architecture, namely type I keratins, type II keratins, and genes of the epidermal differentiation complex in R. floridana in comparison with other squamates. We report that the orthologs of mammalian hair and nail keratins have undergone pseudogenization in R. floridana. Likewise, the epidermal differentiation complex genes tentatively named EDYM1 and EDCCs have been lost in R. floridana. The aforementioned genes are conserved in various lizards with claws, but not in snakes. Proteomic analysis of the cornified claws of the bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) confirmed that type I and type II hair keratin homologs, EDYM1 and EDCCs, are protein components of claws in squamates. We conclude that the convergent evolution of a limbless body was associated with the convergent loss of claw keratins and differentiation genes in squamates.
Application of the reverberation waveform inversion for the high-resolution sediment layer structure in the Pacific
Authors: Kim HyeJeong , Kawakatsu Hitoshi , Akuhara Takeshi , Takeuchi Nozomu , Isse Takehi , Shiobara Hajime , Sugioka Hiroko , Utada Hisashi , Kim YoungHee , Lee Sang-Mook 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARY
This study presents the velocity structures of the seafloor sediment across the Pacific using teleseismic body waves recorded by arrays of ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs). We apply the method inverting the multicomponent stacked autocorrelation functions and radial-component waveform of teleseismic body waves. We analyze OBSs distributed across the Pacific Ocean, through a wide range of water depths and equipped with various sensor types. The inverted models agreeing with measurements of seafloor drilling samples demonstrate the broad applicability of employing the inversion method to resolve sediment thicknesses ranging from &lt;100 m to a few kilometers. In addition to various broad-band OBSs, we confirm our method works also for short-period sensors, since our retrieved the model using data from a short-period sensor in Northeast Japan agrees with active-source seismic survey analyses. The constrained models show various numbers of intrasediment discontinuities across different locations. Furthermore, the newly characterized sediment models have higher values of P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio (${{V}_P}$/${{V}_S}$) than the previously known scaling relationships, which suggests a larger effect of sediment-layer reverberation on the body-wave analysis than we have anticipated. The sediment velocity models obtained in this study produce Rayleigh-wave admittances that are consistent with those in previous studies but with much finer structural details within the sediment layer. The reverberation waveform inversion method will enable improved predictions of the impact of the water and sediment layers in body-wave records from existing and future OBS observations.
Coseismic deformation and kinematic rupture process of the 2023 Türkiye MW7.8–7.5 earthquake doublet deduced from high-rate GNSS observations
Authors: Dong Zhihua , Meng Guojie , Xu Yueyi , Wu Weiwei , Wei Congmin , Yang Yancong , Wang Yufan 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARY
On 2023 February 6, a devastating earthquake doublet struck in Türkiye, which caused tremendous damage including about 54 000 fatalities. We use high-rate global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data to study the coseismic static and kinematic displacement, and invert for fault slip distribution of the earthquake doublet. The maximum static coseismic displacements for the Mw7.8 (EQ1) and Mw7.5 earthquake (EQ2) are 0.38 and 4.4 m, respectively. The kinematic displacement recorded by GNSS stations reflect clearly the earthquake rupture process in more detail. We utilize 1-Hz GNSS waveforms, GNSS static displacements and surface rupture measurements to invert for the kinematic rupture model of the earthquake doublet. Our results show a rupture duration of ∼80 s, faulting length ∼350 km and maximum slip ∼7.4 m for EQ1, and a rupture duration of ∼35 s, rupture length ∼190 km and maximum slip ∼9.2 m for EQ2. The slip distributions inverted solely from GNSS coseismic deformation are basically consistent with the results from multisource data. The rupture velocity of EQ1 towards east is about 4.5 km s−1 towards the east and 3.2 km s−1 towards the west. EQ2 nucleates on Çardak fault with bilateral supershear rupture velocity of 5.0∼5.5 km s−1 within the first 0–12 s, subsequently transitioning to subshear rupture at a speed of 1.2 km s−1 towards the east and 3.0 km s−1 towards the west. Our finding of the bilateral supershear ruptures of EQ2 contrasts with the results of unilateral westward supershear rupture of previous studies. We think that this discrepancy could be attributed to the utilization of more geodetic data of the relatively denser GNSS stations in the east flank of EQ2’s epicentre and calculating the mean velocities for individual rupture intervals in this study.
Modelling the impact of hypoxia on critical essential fish habitats throughout the life cycle of exploited marine species
Authors: Champagnat Juliette , Brown Elliot John , Rivot Etienne , Le Pape Olivier 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Spawning grounds and juvenile habitats are critical essential fish habitats (CEFH) facing multiple anthropogenic pressures. Yet the impacts of these pressures on fish population dynamics are poorly quantified. In this study, we address the impact of hypoxia on CEFH and its consequences on the productivity of exploited marine fish populations. Our approach relies on an age- and stage-structured simulation model, including habitat effects on egg, juvenile, or spawner mortalities to integrate the impact of hypoxia on spawning and juvenile habitats. We applied this framework in the Baltic Sea (BS) to explore population responses of cod, plaice, and herring, which face hypoxic conditions in their CEFH. All scenarios lead to modifications in fishing mortality, population size, and yield at maximum sustainable yield, but with different magnitudes depending on the impacted life stage. Perturbations of spawning habitats that result in higher mortality of eggs had the least impact, while the more direct effect on spawners themselves had the largest impact. Within each scenario, the responses also depended upon species and life history traits, with contrast in steepness and lifespan that explain most of the differences between species. Cumulative impacts of pressures in both CEFH were also investigated and revealed mainly nonadditive responses. Our framework is a generic tool, transferable to a large panel of case studies, to quantify the relative impact of CEFH degradation/restoration for the dynamics of marine exploited populations.
Impact of Late–Rainy Season Indoor Residual Spraying on Holoendemic Malaria Transmission: A Cohort Study in Northern Zambia
Authors: Martin Anne C , Chaponda Mike , Muleba Mbanga , Lupiya James , Gebhardt Mary E , Berube Sophie , Shields Timothy , Wesolowski Amy , Kobayashi Tamaki , Norris Douglas E , Impoinvil Daniel E , Chirwa Brian , Zulu Reuben , Psychas Paul , Ippolito Matthew , Moss William J ,   for the Southern and Central Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research, Impoinvil Daniel E , Chirwa Brian , Zulu Reuben , Psychas Paul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a malaria control strategy implemented before the rainy season. Nchelenge District, Zambia, is a holoendemic setting where IRS has been conducted since 2008 with little impact on malaria incidence or parasite prevalence. Pre–rainy season IRS may not reduce the post–rainy season peak abundance of the major vector Anopheles funestus.

Methods
A controlled, pretest-posttest, prospective cohort study assessed the impact of late–rainy season IRS on malaria prevalence, incidence, hazard, and vector abundance. A total of 382 individuals were enrolled across 4 household clusters, of which 2 were sprayed in April 2022 toward the end of the rainy season. Monthly household and individual surveys and indoor overnight vector collections were conducted through August 2022. Multivariate regression and time-to-event analyses estimated the impact of IRS on outcomes measured by rapid diagnostic tests, microscopy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Among participants, 72% tested positive by rapid diagnostic test at least once, and incidence by microscopy was 3.4 infections per person-year. Residing in a household in a sprayed area was associated with a 52% reduction in infection hazard (hazards ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, .29–.78) but not with changes in incidence, prevalence, or vector abundance. The study-wide entomologic inoculation rate was 34 infectious bites per person per year.

Conclusions
Monthly tracking of incidence and prevalence did not demonstrate meaningful changes in holoendemic transmission intensity. However, hazard of infection, which provides greater power for detecting changes in transmission, demonstrated that late–rainy season IRS reduced malaria risk.
Atomic Arguments and Counter-Arguments: How Exposure to Conflicting Information Influences American Public Support for the Use of Nuclear Weapons
Authors: Sagan Scott D , Valentino Benjamin A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for assessing the effectiveness of messaging designed to influence public opinion on the use of nuclear weapons. We argue that messages intended to decrease support for nuclear use are most effective when they meet three conditions. First, they must present subjects with novel counter-attitudinal information or interpretations that were not likely to be already incorporated into subjects’ opinions. Second, they must provide salient information that resonates with the values and concerns of subjects. Third, since, in the real world, the public is likely to hear both arguments and counterarguments for important policy issues, effective messages must be resilient, maintaining their effect even when respondents are exposed to strong, competing messages. We use this framework to test the effects of different messages about the legality of nuclear use, the military effectiveness of nuclear weapons, and the potential for setting precedents for nuclear use by others. We find that most messages have only modest and reversible effects. Alerting subjects to the possibility that using nuclear weapons might set a precedent making American adversaries more likely to use them in the future, however, produces the most significant reduction in support for nuclear use.
In vitro activity and genomic characterization of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical blood culture isolates resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam: an Italian nationwide multicentre observational study (2022–23)
Authors: Bianco Gabriele , Boattini Matteo , Lupo Laura , Ambretti Simone , Greco Rita , Degl’Innocenti Linda , Chiatamone Ranieri Sofia , Fasciana Teresa , Mazzariol Annarita , Gibellini Davide , Antonelli Guido , Sacco Federica , Quirino Angela , Farina Claudio , Paglietti Bianca , Comini Sara , Fiamma Maura , Broccolo Francesco , Cavallo Rossana , Costa Cristina , Gaibani Paolo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the in vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam and comparators against KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) clinical isolates collected from a multicentre study in Italy (2022–23) and genomic characterization of the molecular mechanisms causing resistance.

Methods
Consecutive KPC-Kp isolates from blood cultures (n = 264) were collected from 14 hospital centres in the period 2022–23. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution. WGS was used to investigate KPC-Kp strains resistant to the new approved β-lactam/β-lactam inhibitor combinations (BLICs).

Results
Overall, meropenem/vaborbactam (95.1% susceptible by EUCAST and 93.9% susceptible by CLSI; MIC50 = 0.5 mg/L; MIC90 = 4 mg/L) and imipenem/relebactam (97% susceptible by EUCAST and 92.8% susceptible by CLSI; MIC50 = 0.25 mg/L; MIC90 = 0.5 mg/L) showed similar activity, followed by ceftazidime/avibactam (93.9% susceptible by both EUCAST and CLSI; MIC50 = 2 mg/L; MIC90 = 8 mg/L). Ten out of 13 (76.9%) KPC-Kp resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam carried a blaKPC variant including blaKPC-31, blaKPC-205, blaKPC-203 and blaKPC-93. Among KPC-Kp resistant to meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/relebactam, 90.9% (10/11) and 80% (4/5) harboured a WT carbapenemase (i.e. blaKPC-2 or blaKPC-3), respectively. All strains resistant to meropenem/vaborbactam and/or imipenem/relebactam carried truncated OmpK35 and/or mutated (ins135GD) OmpK36.

Conclusions
New BLICs were shown to be the most widely active therapeutic option against KPC-Kp clinical isolates collected in Italy. Ceftazidime/avibactam resistance is mainly driven by the expression of KPC variants, whereas the loss of function of the OmpK35 and OmpK36 porins appears to play a key but not exclusive role in the development of meropenem/vaborbactam and/or imipenem/relebactam resistance.