bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Income Generation Programs for Persons with Mental Health Challenges: Practices from 13 Indian Mental Health Rehabilitation Centers
Authors: Roy Amrita , Jayarajan Deepak , Sivakumar Thanapal 
Published: October 2020

Background: In India, mental health rehabilitation centers run income generation programs (IGP) for therapeutic engagement, skills training, and income generation of clients. The centers have evolved IGP models relevant to their settings. There is a paucity of published literature on practices employed by the centers. Methods: This paper compiles data gathered from visits to 13 centers between November 2018 and April 2019. Information was collected through observation and interviews with staff involved in IGP, using a semi-structured pro forma designed for study. Results: Most centers were based in south India ( n = 11) and urban areas ( n = 12). Each center ran two to seven IGP. Each center involved 20–50 clients in IGP. Clients involved in IGP were aged 20–60 years. The centers ran a range of IGP, including the manufacturing of household consumables, paper products, textile products, handicraft products, food products, and jute products; animal husbandry and horticulture initiatives; and running cafeterias and petty shops. IGP were mostly selected based on market demand and sales value of products ( n = 11); ease of doing ( n = 5); interests, abilities, exposure, and experience of clients ( n = 5); and availability of resources ( n = 3). Products were priced primarily to cover input and labor costs ( n = 8), and many centers sold products below the market rates ( n = 5). Running stalls during public events was a common strategy for the sale of products ( n = 9). Personal contacts and “word of mouth” publicity were used for advertisement ( n = 6). Four centers involved family members in IGP. Conclusion: The nature of IGP varied in terms of setting, available resources, and profile of clients availing the services. Marketing and sales were a challenge. A supportive framework of policies and schemes is essential to promote IGP at mental health rehabilitation centers. This report may be helpful for professionals and centers planning to set up an IGP.
Cognitive Screening Tool for Geriatrics: A Retrospective Observational Study on the Correlation of the Scores in 30-Point Clock Face Test and MMSE
Authors: Bouati Noureddine , Drevet Sabine , Zerhouni Nabil , Bioteau Catherine , Mitha Nathalie , Gavazzi Gaëtan 
Published: October 2020

Background: Over the past 30 years, the clock drawing test (CDT) has generated considerable interest due to its usefulness in the early detection of cognitive impairments, particularly those seen in neurodegenerative dementias (including Alzheimer’s disease), vascular dementia, and mixed dementia. The present study aimed to determine whether the results of the “30-Point Clock Face Test” (CFT-30), a standardized version of the CDT that uses a 30-point scale, correlate with those of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Methods: This is a retrospective, observational study. All patients hospitalized in a Hospital-University Clinic Geriatrics Unit (Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France), from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018, were included. Patient data and scores were retrieved from hospital archives, and the results of the two tests of interest, MMSE and the CFT-30, were analyzed. Results: We included 214 patients aged ≥75 years. The mean ± SD age was 86.4 ± 5.6 years, and 68.7% were female. A strongly positive, significant correlation was seen between the CFT-30 and MMSE ( r = 0.73, P < 0.001) scores. The total scores obtained by these two tests were identical ( t = 1.22, P = 0.22). Conclusion: CFT-30 is a good complement to the tools usually used in the investigation of cognitive impairments in older people. In addition to its metrological qualities, the standardized and normalized CFT-30 is extremely simple and very fast to use.
Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life in Elderly Diabetic Patients
Authors: Moradi Farideh , Tourani Sogand , Ziapour Arash , Abbas Jaffar , hematti Maryam , Moghadam Elham Jamshidi , Aghili Amin , Soroush Ali 
Published: October 2020

Background Coordination of various physical and mental aspects of individuals, including the ability to control difficult conditions and situations has an effect in the prevention and development of various diseases, such as diabetes, and the improvement of the quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was is to determine the effect of emotional intelligence on the quality of life of elderly diabetic patients. Methods This study was conducted in 2018. The statistical population in this cross-sectional study consisted of elderly people referred to the health centers of Kermanshah province in western Iran, who were divided via available sampling into two groups with diabetes and without diabetes. Data gathering tools were a couple of LIPAD Quality of Life and Shrink Emotional Intelligence standard questionnaires. The Data was analysed using software SPSS, 23 th version. Tests were used (T-test, Chi-square, Anova and regression). Results Most of them were male (52.72%) and the mean age of the patients was 65.01(±6.08) years old and married. The quality of life score in diabetics and non-diabetics was respectively 51.9 and 50.37 with a standard deviation of 17.73 and 20.54. The mean total score of emotional intelligence in the elderly with diabetes was 99.42 with a standard deviation of 10.37 and non-diabetic subjects were 97.18 with a standard deviation of 18.4. Conclusion There was no significant difference between the mean scores of quality of life (0.652) and emotional intelligence (0.421) in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. But, the emotional intelligence has an effect on the quality of life of the elderly people.
Extent and Predictors of Decision Regret among Informal Caregivers Making Decisions for a Loved One: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elidor Hélène , Adekpedjou Rhéda , Zomahoun Hervé Tchala Vignon , Ben Charif Ali , Agbadjé Titilayo Tatiana , Rheault Nathalie , Légaré France 
Published: October 2020

Background Informal caregivers often serve as decision makers for dependent or vulnerable individuals facing health care decisions. Decision regret is one of the most prevalent outcomes reported by informal caregivers who have made such decisions. Objective To examine levels of decision regret and its predictors among informal caregivers who have made health-related decisions for a loved one. Data sources We performed a systematic search of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to November 2018. Participants were informal caregivers, and the outcome was decision regret as measured using the Decision Regret Scale (DRS). Review methods Two reviewers independently selected eligible studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. We performed a narrative synthesis and presented predictors of decision regret using a conceptual framework, dividing the predictors into decision antecedents, decision-making process, and decision outcomes. Results We included 16 of 3003 studies identified. Most studies ( n = 13) reported a mean DRS score ranging from 7.0 to 32.3 out of 100 (median = 14.3). The methodological quality of studies was acceptable. We organized predictors and their estimated effects (β) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as follows: decision antecedents (e.g., caregivers’ desire to avoid the decision, OR 2.07, 95% CI [1.04–4.12], P = 0.04), decision-making process (e.g., caregivers’ perception of effective decision making, β = 0.49 [0.05, 0.93], P < 0.01), and decision outcomes (e.g., incontinence, OR = 4.4 [1.1, 18.1], P < 0.001). Conclusions This review shows that informal caregivers’ level of decision regret is generally low but is high for some decisions. We also identified predictors of regret during different stages of the decision-making process. These findings may guide future research on improving caregivers’ experiences.
High-resolution MRI assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter in adults: optic nerve sheath variation and a new diagnostic tool for intracranial hypertension
Authors: Zheng Ying-mei , Hao Da-peng , Tang Guo-zhang , Zhou Rui-zhi , Pang Jing , Dong Cheng 
Published: October 2020

Background Assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a non-invasive measure of intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it is not clear whether healthy individuals exhibit ONSD variation or whether factors other than ICP affect the ONSD. Purpose To investigate whether ONSD was correlated with age, sex, height, weight, eyeball transverse diameter (ETD), or body mass index (BMI), and to develop a new diagnostic model to increase the diagnostic accuracy of intracranial hypertension (IH). Material and Methods A total of 145 relatively healthy adults and 40 patients with acute IH who underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were enrolled in this study. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between ONSD and these variables. If correlations were identified, an index ONSDΔ removing variables effects was calculated. ROC analysis was used to assess the IH predictive value of ONSDΔ in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Results In relatively healthy adults, there was a correlation between ONSD and BMI ( P = 0.002), which can be presented as an index ONSDΔ. The ONSDΔ model better predicted IH than the ONSD model ( P = 0.035), with a sensitivity of 70.00%, a specificity of 71.72%, and an AUC of 0.755. Conclusion A correlation between ONSD and body mass index (BMI) was found using high-resolution MRI. This result indicates that the effects of BMI should be considered along with the ONSD during ICP monitoring. Meanwhile, the index ONSDΔ was better than the ONSD in predicting IH and could be used to obtain a more precise estimation of ICP.
Organizational Characteristics of Assisted Living Communities With Policies Supportive of Admitting and Retaining Residents in Need of End-of-Life Care
Authors: Travis Leanna Jean , Thomas Kali S. , Clark Melissa A. , Belanger Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2020

Background: There has been a rapid increase in the number of residential care/assisted living communities (RC/AL) that allow residents to die in place. The objective of this study was to examine the organizational characteristics of RC/AL communities that are associated with facility-level policies supportive of admitting and retaining residents in need of end-of-life (EOL) care. Methods : We used cross-sectional data from the 2010 National Survey of Residential Care Facilities. Organizational characteristics included structural factors, staffing levels, and other relevant facility-level policies. We examined descriptive statistics, binomial and multivariable multinomial regression models to determine the likelihood of 1) admitting and retaining, or 2) only retaining, as compared to 3) neither admitting nor retaining AL residents in need of EOL care. Results: A majority of residential care facilities 73.7% (n = 22,642) reported admitting and retaining residents at EOL. Yet, levels of skilled nursing care were generally low with 60.9% of these RC/AL communities reporting that registered nurses were not available, including hospice staff. In multivariable, multinomial regression models, organizational characteristics such as skilled nursing, hands-on contact hours from personal care aides, and policies allowing exemptions to self-evacuation rules were associated with increased likelihood of RC/AL communities admitting/retaining residents in need of EOL care. Conclusion: Despite overall low levels of skilled nursing care, a nationally representative survey revealed that a majority of RC/AL communities admit and retain residents in need of EOL care. Staffing and exemptions from self-evacuation policies appear to be central characteristics associated with the provision of these services in RC/AL communities.
Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions in breast cancer patients and determination of their risk factors
Authors: Bibi Rashida , Azhar Saira , Iqbal Ayesha , Jabeen Hajera , Kalsoom Umm-e , Iqbal Muhammad M , Nazeer Maria 
Published: October 2020

Breast cancer patients use numerous medications, which include cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, hormonal agents and supportive medication, so they are more vulnerable to potential adverse drug interactions. This study aimed to evaluate frequency, severity, clinical importance and risk factors responsible for the Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in a cohort of patients suffering from breast cancer. Data was obtained from 150 patients in the oncology ward (both inpatient and outpatient) with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer and currently receiving standard breast cancer-directed treatment. The data was recorded into a pre-designed form specifically made for this study through individual patient interviews and by reviewing the detailed medical chart records of the patients. DDIs were identified by using drug interaction software such as Medscape mobile application and Micromedex version 2. The results of this study showed that all patients were female. The mean numbers of drugs that patients used were 7. Potential drug interactions were identified in 92% of the patients. When drug groups were overviewed, 32% of interactions were between anti neoplastic drugs, 62.9% interactions were between the anti neoplastic agent and supportive care drugs and 5% of them were between anti-cancer drugs and drugs used to treat comorbidities. Major DDIs were found in 62.2% of patients, 25.3% of DDIs were moderate and 12.4% were minor. The number of drugs, comorbid diseases, and selection of chemo protocols were the risk factors for drug interactions. Most of the DDIs found in breast cancer therapy may have adverse consequences on patient health and therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, health care professionals should review the medication regimen of patients with breast cancer before starting any chemotherapy treatment.
Trans-popliteal hybrid retrograde technique for revascularization of chronic total occlusions of the superficial femoral artery
Authors: García-Domínguez Luis J , Falcón Moisés , Ribé Lucas , Hernández Ana , Miralles Manuel 
Published: October 2020

Objectives We present the technical description and preliminary results of a hybrid approach for the treatment of chronic total occlusions of superficial femoral artery in the setting of critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods A retrospective analysis of selected case series was performed. A trans-popliteal hybrid technique was carried out in seven limbs (six patients). Open exposure of above-the-knee popliteal artery was performed over its maximum calcification zone. After retrograde recanalization and graft-stenting of the entire superficial femoral artery, endarterectomy of the popliteal artery was performed for debulking and widening of the distal landing zone of the endoprosthesis. The latter is included in the bovine patch suture to avoid leaving a segment untreated. Results Technical success, haemodynamic and clinical improvement were achieved in all procedures. Median length of treated occlusion was 19.8 cm. After a mean follow-up of 12 months (range 6–26 months), the primary patency was 85.7% (only one asymptomatic occlusion occurred). There were no major cardiovascular or limb adverse events. No re-interventions were required. Conclusion This less-invasive, one-incision technique is safe and effective for the restoration of in-line flow from groin to ankle, currently recommended in CLTI revascularization. It could be especially useful in highly calcified popliteal artery lesions, hostile groins or those at high risk of infection and in cases of vein absence for bypass surgery.
Relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion and patient safety
Authors: Kim Sinhye , Mayer Celeste , Jones Cheryl B 
Published: October 2020

Background The rising rate of workplace violence in hospitals is a serious concern. While leading organisations recommend implementing interventions to address workplace violence, little is known about the workplace violence relationship between patients and visitors, and how it affects nurses’ emotional exhaustion and their perceptions of patient safety. Aims The study’s purpose was to understand the status of workplace violence in hospitals and the relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion, and perceptions of patient safety. Methods This cross-sectional analysis used data from a survey conducted at a large academic medical centre using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture plus additional measures of workplace violence and emotional exhaustion. Results Nurses reported more occurrences of verbal violence than physical violence. Nurses’ experiences of workplace violence negatively affect nurses’ emotional exhaustion and patient-safety perceptions. Moreover, nurses’ emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between verbal abuse and patient-safety perceptions. Conclusions Interventions to reduce nurses’ emotional exhaustion and strengthen resilience can mitigate the negative effects of verbal abuse and to some extent the effects of physical violence.
Clinical features of patients with small cell lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kanaji Nobuhiro , Shimizu Junichi , Sakai Kenichiro , Ueda Yutaka , Miyawaki Hiroshi , Watanabe Naohiro , Uemura Takehiro , Hida Toyoaki , Inoue Takuya , Watanabe Naoki , Oohara Yasuhiro , Dobashi Hiroaki , Kato Mikiya , Kadowaki Norimitsu 
Published: October 2020

Background: The clinical features of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been fully elucidated. Patients and methods: Data on 366 patients with pathologically confirmed SCLC who had been treated with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the clinical features of SCLC with IPF. Results: A total of 97 out of the 366 patients were diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and 75 of them had IPF. For both the limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) stages, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly shorter in the patients with IPF compared with non-ILD patients. A multivariate analysis showed that poor performance status, ED stage, and the presence of IPF were associated with shorter OS. The response rate to first-line therapy was significantly lower in patients with IPF compared with the non-ILD patients. The rate of patients receiving fewer than three cycles of first-line chemotherapy was higher in patients with IPF, which was a factor of poor survival. In LD-stage patients with IPF, chemoradiotherapy was associated with longer PFS and OS compared with chemotherapy only. Conclusion: In patients with SCLC, the presence of IPF was associated with a lower response rate as well as shorter PFS and shorter OS. There are some cases that are suitable for chemoradiotherapy, even among patients with IPF. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Examination of Safe Zone to Avoid Injury of the Lateral Plantar Artery During Calcaneal Osteotomy: A Fresh Cadaveric Study
Authors: Tonogai Ichiro , Tsuruo Yoshihiro , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: October 2020

Background: Calcaneal osteotomy are used to treat various pathologies in the correction of hindfoot deformities. But lateral plantar artery (LPA) pseudoaneurysms have been reported following calcaneal osteotomy, and LPA pseudoaneurysms may be at risk for rupture. Although the vascular structures in close proximity to calcaneal osteotomies have variable courses and branching patterns, there is little information on safe zone for LPA during calcaneal osteotomy. The aims of this study were to identify the safety zone to avoid the LPA injury during calcaneal osteotomy. Methods: Enhanced computed tomography scans of 25 fresh cadaveric feet (male, n = 13; female, n = 12; mean age 79.0 years at the time of death) were assessed. The specimens were injected with barium via the external iliac artery. Line A is the landmark line and extends from the posterosuperior aspect of the calcaneal tuberosity to the plantar fascia origin, and the perpendicular distance between the LPA and line A at its closest point was measured on sagittal images. Results: The average perpendicular distance between the LPA and line A at its closest point was 15.2 ± 2.9 mm. In 2 cases (8.0 %), the perpendicular distance between the LPA and line A at its closest point was very close, approximately 9 mm. In 18 of 25 feet (72.0%), the point where perpendicular distance from the line A to LPA is the closest was the bifurcation of one of the medial calcaneal branches from LPA, and in 7 feet in 25 feet (28.0%) feet the point where perpendicular distance from the line A to LPA is the closest was the trifurcation of LPA, medial plantar artery, and one of the medial calcaneal branches. Conclusions: Calcaneal osteotomy approximately more than 9 mm from the line A could injure the LPA in overpenetration into the medial aspect of tcalcaneal osteotomy. Completion of the osteotomy on the medial side should be performed with caution to avoid iatrogenic injury of the LPA. Levels of Evidence:: Level IV, Cadaveric study
The Effect of Passive Smoking on Mucociliary Clearance and Inferior Concha Reactivity
Authors: Kılıç Osman , Yılmaz Aslı Şahin , Oysu Çağatay 
Published: October 2020

Introduction The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on turbinate reactivity and mucociliary clearance (MCC) in passive smokers. Methods 60 adult patients (30 passive smokers and 30 healthy subjects as the control group) were recruited for this study. Following a questionnaire on passive smoke exposure, MCC measurement using the saccharin test was carried out to all participants. The baseline and after decongestant acoustic rhinometry values (MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2) were measured and the percentage changes between the two test values (ie; response to nasal decongestants = concha reactivity) were recorded. Results All 60 patients, including 37 women (61.7%) and 23 men (38.3%) were between 18–57 years of age . MCC’s average measurements were 11.13 minutes in the passive smokers group, 7.87 minutes in the control group, which was statistically significantly different (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the passive smokers and control group for acoustic rhinometric measurement of the ratio of MCA2 and VOL2 values before and after decongestant application (p < 0.05). Discussion Passive smoking can damage the nasal mucosa at least as active smoking. The number of studies on this subject is limited. There are no studies in the literature showing the effect of cigarette smoke on the inferior turbinate mucosal response. In our study, the inferior turbinate decongestant capacity was found to be significantly decreased in the passive smokers compared to the control group. Conclusion As a result of cigarette exposure, the erectile function of the lower turbines may be impaired. The task of the ENT physicians is to warn the passive smokers in this regard.