bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First line in psychiatric emergency: Pre-hospital emergency protocol for mental disorders in Iran
Authors: Shirzad Fatemeh , Hadi Fateme , Mortazavi Seyede Salehe , Biglari Maryam , Sari Hassan Noori , Mohammadi Zeinab , Atoofi Mehrdad Kazemzade , Shariat Seyed Vahid 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: This article is a report of designing a rapid and effective guide for paramedics who take care of patients in a pre-hospital setting to answer developing demands. Methods: The relevant literature was reviewed, and the topics were extracted. Then, the extracted items were discussed in an expert panel. Finally, items were discussed in a meeting including emergency technicians and emergency technical assistants to identify implementation problems. Result s : Important topics for managing psychiatric patients were categorized at three levels: 1) Patient safety and security issues, 2) Patient status assessment and diagnosis, and 3) Patient management (medical, behavioral management, and referral to a treatment center). Discussion: This protocol can be a solution to improve emergency technician training. Such summarized protocols can be used for rapid review immediately before exposing a patient with an acute psychiatric condition. Due to specific cultural and different access to medicines in Iran, some issues are different.
Compa﻿rative Chloroplast Genomics of The Genus Taxodium ﻿
Authors: Yang Ying , Duan Hao , Guo Jinbo , Xuan Lei , Wang Ziyang , Li Mingzhi , Yin Yunlong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Chloroplast(cp) genome information would facilitate the development and utilization of Taxodium resources. However, cp genome characteristics of Taxodium were poorly understood.Results: We determined the complete cp genome sequences of T. distichum, T. mucronatum, and T. ascendens. The cp genomes are 131,947 bp to 132,613bp in length, encode 120 genes with the same order, and lack typical inverted repeat (IR) regions. The longest small IR, a 282 bp trnQ-containing IR, were involved in the formation of isomers. Comparative analysis of the three cp genomes showed that 91.57% of the indels resulted in the periodic variation of tandem repeat(TR) motifs and 72.46% single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located closely to TRs, suggesting a relationship between TRs and mutational dynamics. Eleven hypervariable regions were identified as candidates for DNA barcode development. Ycf1 was the only one gene that has an indel in CDS, and the indel is composed of a long TR. When extended to cupressophytes, ycf1 genes have undergone a universal insertion of TRs accompanied by extreme length expansion. Meanwhile, ycf1 also located in rearrangement endpoints of cupressophyte cp genomes. All these characteristics highlight the important role of repeats in the evolution of cp genomes. Conclusions: This study would advance our understanding of the complexity, dynamics, and evolution of cp genome in Cupressophytes.
The time-interval of ovarian reserve recovery after laparoscopic unilateral ovarian nonendometriotic cystectomy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li huaping , Yan bing , Wang yanli , Liu yahong , Liu zhou 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Ovarian benign cyst, frequently seen in women of reproductive age, is one of the most important causes of damaging effect of ovarian reserve. Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is established as the gold standard surgical approach to the ovarian benign cyst. Studies have shown that potential fertility can be directly impaired by laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy and diminished ovarian reserve. There is little data about the time-interval of ovarian reserve recovery after the laparoscopic unilateral ovarian cystectomy. The objective of this study was to investigate the time-interval of ovarian reserve recovery after laparoscopic unilateral ovarian nonendometriotic cystectomy.Method: In the first part of the study, a total number of 67 patients with unilateral ovarian nonendometriotic cyst who underwent laparoscopic unilateral ovarian cystectomy were recruited as a postoperative observation group (POG). A total number of 69 same-aged healthy women without ovarian cyst who did not undergo surgery were recruited as a referent group (RFG).The serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; the Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)and E2 levels, measured using a chemiluminescent reagent kit. The ovarian arterial resistance index (OARI) and AFC were measured by transvaginal ultrasonography on the 3rd-5th day of the same menstrual cycle. In the second part of the study, a prospective postoperative 6-month follow-up of cases was performed. Results: When compared with RFG, the AFC of POG’s cyst side showed no difference in the 1st, 3rd, 6th postoperative month (F = 0.03, 0.02, 0.55; P = 0.873, 0.878, 0.460). The OARI of POG’s cyst side presented no difference in the 1st, 3rd, 6th postoperative month ( F = 0.73, 3.57, 1.75; P=0.395, 0.061, 0.188). In the first month, the postoperative AMH levels declined significantly, 1.88 ng/ml (IQR: 1.61-2.16 ng/ml) in POG and 2.57 ng/ml (IQR: 2.32-2.83 ng/ml) in RFG (F = 13.43; P = 0.000). At the time interval, the rate of decline was significantly lower postoperatively than preoperatively in POG (32.75 %),and was also the case in the comparison of POG with RFG (26.67 %). Conclusions: After the laparoscopic unilateral ovarian cystectomy, the optimal time-interval can be the 6th month for ovarian reserve recovery. Semiannually, AMH levels were to be detected to find those whose window time to conceive was likely to be shorter than others of the same age.
Differential Leukocyte miRNA Responses Following Pan T Cell, Allorecognition and Allosecretome-Based Therapeutics Activation
Authors: Yang Xining , Toyofuku Wendy M. , Scott Mark D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Effective immunomodulation of T cell responses is critical in treating both autoimmune diseases and cancer. Our previous studies have demonstrated that nanoscale bioengineering of cell surfaces with methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) induces a potent tolerogenic immunomodulatory effect. Moreover, secretomes derived from mPEG- or control mixed lymphocyte alloactivation assays also exerted potent immunomodulatory activity that was mediated by microRNAs (miRNA). In this study, the immunomodulatory effects of Pan T cell activators (PHA and anti-CD3/CD28), alloactivation (MHC-disparate donors; ± mPEG grafting) and biomanufactured miRNA-based allo-secretome therapeutics (SYN, TA1, IA1 and IA2) were examined on T cell proliferation, subset differentiation and leukocyte miRNA expression profiles of resting human PBMC. Results: In contrast to Pan T cell activation, allorecognition and the pro-inflammatory IA1 secretome product induced increasingly controlled proliferation of resting PBMC. The differential effects of the activation strategies were also apparent in T cell differentiation and the Teff:Treg ratio and in the miRNA expression profiles noted in the treated PBMC. In contrast, the mPEG-PBMC and TA1 secretome products inhibited alloproliferation. Importantly, the activation strategies exerted significantly different miRNA expression in the treated leukocytes that was associated with differences in proliferation and cellular differentiation. Conclusions: Immunomodulatory secretome-derived, miRNA-enriched, therapeutics can be reproducibly biomanufactured that will induce the specific bioregulatory events necessary to induce the differentiation of naïve T cells to produce a tolerogeneic (TA1) or inflammatory (IA1) response both in vitro and in vivo. The successful development and biomanufacturing of immunomodulatory, miRNA-enriched, secretome biotherapeutics may provide potent tools for the systemic treatment of autoimmune diseases or enhancing the endogenous immune response to cancer while reducing the potential adverse risks of more non-specific immunomodulatory approaches.
The use and adherence of oral anticoagulants in Primary Healthcare in Catalunya: a real-world data cohort study
Authors: Giner-Soriano Maria , Cortes Jordi , Gomez-Lumbreras Ainhoa , Prat-Vallverdú Oriol , Quijada-Manuitt Mª Angeles , Morros Rosa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) has not been previously assessed in our setting. We aimed to describe sociodemographic, comorbidities, co-medication and risk of thromboembolic events and bleeding in patients with NVAF initiating oral anticoagulants (OAC) for stroke prevention, and to estimate adherence and persistence to OAC.Methods Population-based cohort study including all NVAF adult patients initiating OAC for stroke prevention in August 2013-December 2015. Persistence was measured in patients initiating OAC in August 2013-December 2014. Data source is SIDIAP, which captures electronic health records from Primary Health Care in the Catalan Health Institute, covering approximately 5.8 million people.Results 51,690 NVAF patients initiated OAC; 47,197 (91.3%) were naive to OAC and 32,404 initiated acenocoumarol (62.7%). Mean age was 72.8 years (SD 12.3) and 49.4% were women. Platelet-aggregation inhibitors were taken by 9,105 (17.6%) of the patients. For 22,075 patients, persistence was higher among the non-naive patients [n=258 (61.7%)] than among the naive [n=11,502 (53.1%)]. Adherence was estimated for patients initiating DOAC and was similar in naive and non-naive patients. Among the naive to DOAC treatment, those starting rivaroxaban showed a highest proportion [(n=360 (80.1%)] of good adherence at implementation (MPR>80%) while patients starting dabigatran were less adherent [n= 203 47.8%)].Conclusions Acenocoumarol was the most frequently prescribed OAC as first therapy in NVAF patients. Non-naive to DOAC showed better persistence than naive. Rivaroxaban showed higher proportion of adherent patients during the implementation phase than apixaban and dabigatran the lowest.
Efficacy of rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis
Authors: Oh Se Chang , Park Soo Min , Hur Jian , Choi Eun Young , Jin Hyun Jung , Kim Yu Kyung , Lee Jong Ho , Ahn Ji Young , Lee Jae Min 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Pertussis, a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, causes airway inflammation and severe, persistent (lasting 2 weeks or more) characteristic whooping cough. In severe cases, complications such as atelectasis and bronchopneumonia may occur. Recently, the prevalence of pertussis has increased in South Korea due to reduced effect of the DTaP vaccination in infants as their age increased. Although culture is the gold standard test for diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method is most commonly used for diagnosis of pertussis due to the low sensitivity and long turnaround time of the culture method. Recently, a rapid multiplex PCR test has been introduced for comprehensive detection of respiratory pathogens (17 viruses and 3 bacteria), including Bordetella pertussis, with a turnaround time of 1 hour. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of multiplex PCR for early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis. Methods We performed a retrospective study on patients with pertussis diagnosed from May 2017 to June 2019 at Yeungnam University Hospital. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested using multiplex PCR. Medical records collected included data on age, sex, symptoms at the time of diagnosis, admission, hospitalization, isolation, vaccination history, past medical history, and accompanying diseases. Results A total of 27 patients were diagnosed with pertussis, nine (33.3%) of whom were men, with a median age of 48.9 years (3.3–82.2). Eleven (40.7%) had fever, 12 (44.4%) had dyspnea, 3 (11.1%) had paroxysmal cough, and 9 (33.3%) had inspiratory whooping. Seventeen (62.9%) and 24 (88.8%) patients had coughing for <8 days and ≤14 days, respectively. Median time from first symptom to diagnosis was 9.0 (1–31) days. Twenty-four patients (81.5%) were diagnosed within 2 weeks. All but one patient was prescribed macrolide antibiotics; all patients were isolated, with 22 (81.5%) requiring hospitalization. Three patients (11.1%) received ICU care for ventilation. All patients survived. Conclusion A rapid multiplex PCR test can ensure early diagnosis, isolation, and treatment of pertussis. Testing of patients with respiratory symptom with multiplex PCR can led to early diagnosis of pertussis, proper treatment, and may help in outbreak control.
Transcriptomic profiling of differentially expressed genes and related pathways in different brain regions of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ge Qinyu , Jia Erteng , Pan Min , Liu Zhiyu , Zhou Ying , Zhao Xiangwei , Dong Jian , Bai Yunfei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and many studies have researched its complex pathophysiological processes. However, it is unclear how PD affects the structure of transcripts in different brain regions and how changes in the transcriptomes in different brain regions affect the pathogenesis of PD.ResultsWe generated a PD mouse model by injecting with MPTP solution. RNA sequencing was performed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum regions of the PD mouse. Compared with the control group, these four brain regions showed significant transcriptomic alterations, with the most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) found in the striatum region. The main DEGs were Lrrk2, Mtor, Gxylt1, C920006o11Rik, Vdac1, Ano3, Drd4, and Ncan. DEGs were enriched using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis methods, which identified significant GO and molecular pathways. In addition, we used network biology methods to analyze protein–protein relationships, which can accelerate the identification of new PD drugs. The results showed that LRRK2, DRD2, IGF-1, GNAI1, GNAI3, PRKACA, PPP2R5C, and PIK3R1 played a major role in protein regulation.ConclusionsOur analysis showed that these DEGs and proteins play an important role in the occurrence and development of PD. Our study also highlighted the potential use of this transcriptomic data for therapeutic strategies and treatment of PD.
Determination of three-dimensional corrective force in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and biomechanical finite element analysis
Authors: Guan Tianmin , Zhang Yu-fang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity of spine and soft tissues. It is usually treated with spinal brace if Cobb angle is less than 40°. To date, displacement and rotation of human vertebrae and ribs in three-dimensional space have not been fully considered in treatment of scoliosis. Three dimensional corrective forces in treatment of scoliosis are still unclear and very less attention has paid on it.Methods: An objective function of corrective force in three-dimensional space is defined. Computed tomography images were used to reconstruct three dimensional model of scoliotic trunk. Computer aided engineering software Abaqus was used to establish finite element model of deformed spine and its biomechanical characteristics were analyzed. By adjusting magnitude and position of corrective forces, objective function is minimized to achieve best orthopedic effect. The proposed corrective conditions were divided into three groups: 1. thoracic deformity; 2. lumbar deformity; 3. both thoracic and lumbar deformities were considered.Results: In all three cases, the objective function was reduced by 58%, 52%, and 63%, respectively. The best correction force point is located on convex side of maximum displacement of vertebral body.Conclusions: Using minimum objective function method, spinal deformity in three-dimensional space can be sufficiently reduced. This study provides scientific basis for design of a new corrective brace for treatment of scoliosis.
SOX-17 Gene Sequence Complementation on Silica-alumina Nanocomposite-modified Dielectrode Surface for Analyzing Gastric Cancer Progression
Authors: Yu Zhihong , Subash Gopinath , Lakshmipriya Thangavel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundGastric cancer is as the gastrointestinal issue, the second most death-cause complication worldwide. The survival rate of gastric cancer is lesser due to diagnosing it at the advanced stage. SRY-box containing gene 17 (SOX-17) expression and methylation participate a crucial role in the gastric cancer. MethodsIn this research, capture probe modified interdigitated electrode was used to quantify the SOX-17 gene target sequence. To improve the detection, IDE sensing surface was physically-modified by silica-alumina (Si-Al) nanocomposite. Through the biotin-streptavidin strategy, capture probe was immobilized on the surface and complemented by the target sequence. ResultsDoubled the level of capture probe immobilization was noticed on the Si-Al modified surface. From 1 aM concentration of target sequence was detected in the presence of Si-Al nanocomposite, while it was reached 10 aM in the absence, shows ten-folds difference. In addition, higher level of current changes was registered with all the concentrations of target sequence. Control experiments with single, triple and complementary sequences of target were done and there is no significant changes in current were recorded in the substituted sequences, representing the specific detection of target SOX-17 gene sequence. ConclusionThe detection method is shown with nanocomposite-modified IDE surface helps to recognize the gastric cancer effectively.
Shared or distinct? Neuroanatomical underpinnings of ASD in carriers and non-carriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion
Authors: Gudbrandsen Maria , Bletsch Anke , Mann Caroline , Daly Eileen , Murphy Clodagh M , Stoencheva Vladimira , Blackmore Charlotte , Rogdaki Maria , Kushan Leila , Bearden Carrie E , Murphy Declan G.M , Craig Michael C , Ecker Christine 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: A crucial step to understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of autism spectrum disorder, is to examine if the biological underpinnings of ASD in genetic high-risk conditions, like 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS), are similar to those in idiopathic illness. This study aimed to examine if ASD symptomatology in 22q11.2DS is underpinned by the same – or distinct – neural systems that mediate these symptoms in non-deletion carriers.Methods: We examined vertex-wise estimates of regional cortical volume (rCV), surface area (SA), and cortical thickness across 131 individuals (6-25 years), including (1) n=50 individuals with 22q11.2DS, with and without ASD, and (2) n=81 individuals without the deletion, including idiopathic ASD. We employed a 2-by-2 factorial design to identify neuroanatomical variability associated with the main effects of 22q11.2DS and ASD, as well as their interaction. Further, using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), we compared neuroanatomical variability associated with the complex (i.e. multivariate) clinical phenotype of ASD between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers.Results: The set of brain regions associated with the main effect of 22q11.2DS was distinct from the neuroanatomical underpinnings of the main effect of ASD. Moreover, significant 22q11.2DS-by-ASD interactions were observed for rCV and SA in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and posterior cingulate cortex, suggesting that neuroanatomy of ASD is significantly modulated by 22q11.2DS (p<0.01). We further established that the multivariate patterns of neuroanatomical variability associated with differences in symptom profiles significantly differed between 22q11.2 deletion carriers and non-carriers (RVcoef=0.06, p<0.7 vs. RVcoef=0.196, p<0.0001).Limitations: We employed a multicenter design to overcome single-site recruitment limitations, however, FreeSurfer derived measures of surface anatomy have been shown to be highly reliable across scanner platforms and field-strengths’. Further, we controlled for gender to address the differing distribution between idiopathic ASD individuals and the other groups. Nonetheless, the gender distribution in our sample reflects that of the respective populations, adding to the generalizability of our results. Last, we included individuals with a relatively wide age range (i.e. 6-25 years). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that brain mechanisms underlying ASD, associated with specific genetic etiology, diverge from those in idiopathic ASD.
Both comorbidity and worse performance status are associated with poorer overall survival after external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Lehtonen Miikka , Heiskanen Lauri , Reinikainen Petri , Kellokumpu-Lehtinen Pirkko-Liisa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the biochemical recurrence rate, metastatic disease progression, and prostate cancer-specific and overall survival in patients curatively treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for early prostate cancer (PC). We also examined the prognostic effect of comorbidity by Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and overall performance status. Methods: A total of 665 men treated between 2008 and 2013 were enrolled from Tampere University hospital, Finland. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests and hospital records were used to determine the 5-year survival for each aforementioned endpoint using a Kaplan-Meyer estimate. To analyze the impact of the selected prognostic factor, we used a Cox regression model to calculate the corresponding hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI). Results: With a median follow-up-time of 7.12 years, the 5-year overall survival (OS) after EBRT was 88.9 % [86.5 %-91.3 %], prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) was 97.9 % [96.7 %-99.1%], metastasis-free survival (MFS) 94.8 % [93.0 %-96.6 %] and biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) 88.7 % [86.2 %-91.2 %]. Both CCI (HR = 1.38, [1.25-1.51]) and Z score (HR = 1.63, [1.29-2.05]) declined OS, as well as Gleason score and T grade (P < 0.05). Gleason score and T grade also associated to worse PCSS, MFS and BRFS. Conclusions and Implications for Cancer Survivors: CCI and Z score are useful tools in evaluating overall life expectancy of the patient after EBRT for PC. T-stage and Gleason score remain still the major prognostic factors. Keywords: Prostate Cancer; Radiotherapy; Treatment Outcome; Comorbidity; Physical Fitness