bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing heat losses – first step toward nZEB
Authors: Boian I , Tuns I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Energy consumption for space heating and air conditioning holds a significant share in the total energy consumption, among them residential and tertiary buildings being on the first places. This strong energetic dissipative character of different elements of the building envelope offers multiple possibilities of intervention aiming to reduce the heat losses. The Romanian requirements concerning the elements evaluating conformity with the Standard C107-2010 and the Order no.2641/2017 are given with a focus on thermal bridges influence aside with a short description of different ways to estimate this influence in EU countries. The paper presents in general, concepts to be used in order to achieve the nZEB standard developed by the Energy Performance of Building Directive having in mind a mitigation of greenhouse gases, GHG emission. In this context, is presented the role of balcony elements as undesirable “heat exchanger” and this thermal bridge is depicted together with some ways to avoid this inconvenience.
Influence of link length on re-centring capability of dual eccentrically braced frames
Authors: Chesoan A , Stratan A , Dubină D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Repair costs and downtime of a structure hit by an earthquake can be reduced, by implementing the concepts of removable dissipative members (bolted links which are intended to provide the energy dissipation capacity and to be easily replaceable) and re-centring capability (which is provided by the more flexible moment resisting frames) in a dual structure, obtained by combining steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) with removable bolted links, with moment resisting frames (MRFs). The seismic performance, re-centring capability and link replacement feasibility of a dual re-centring EBF with removable flush end-plate bolted links were already studied and experimentally validated. In this case, very short shear links were used in order to achieve the flush end-plate connection over-strength, so the connection can be kept elastic in order to make the link removal possible. Re-centring capability of EBFs with other types of removable links has not been yet approached. One of the main objectives of an ongoing research project is to extend the validation of re-centring capability and link replacement feasibility on extended end-plate bolted links. This type of connection geometry provides a larger connection capacity, thus shear links can be designed longer. The present paper numerically investigates the influence of using different link lengths (and connection detailing) on the recentring capability of two height levels structures.
The impact of thermal rehabilitation of the reinforced concrete water tanks Romanian built fund over its lifecycle
Authors: Covatariu D , Filip A , Covatariu G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Liquid storage tanks are special structures and strategically very important. In particular, water tanks are important to assure a continued operation of water distribution system in the event of unpredicted events. In order to ensure the operating conditions in normal parameters, the temperature of the stored liquid (drinking water) have to not exceed certain limits. The aim of this article is to investigate the most suitable thermal insulation system for a reinforced concrete overground water tank. In this regard, a comparative multicriteria analysis has been performed presenting the main advantages / disadvantages of each material (extruded polystyrene, basaltic mineral wool, organic ecological foam) taking into account several criteria. The scores obtained have been compared in order to highlight the most effective material in the case of the reinforced concrete water tanks.
Numerical methods to find the slope at a point on map using level curves. Application in road designing
Authors: Deaconu O , Deaconu A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The problem of determining the slope at a point on a map using level curves has practical applicability in designing the roads. This problem is reduced to the problem of finding the shortest length segment through a point that connects two coplanar lines. Two methods to solve this problem are presented: a fast approximate method and a slower but exact algorithmic method. The results are compared at the end.
Considerations about fire behaviour of an unprotected wood elements according to Romanian Code SR EN 1995-1-2-2004
Authors: Erbaşu R , Țăpuşi D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Increased interest in wood as construction material has led to the development of research on improving physical and mechanical characteristics of different wood species or various types of processed wood. Since wood construction materials are combustible, it is necessary to improve their fire behavior. This is achieved by treating the surface or the mass of materials using flame retardant substances, which can delay the ignition and can reduce the speed of propagation of fire. Although its benefits: specific weight, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, good vibration and shock absorption, good dimensional stability against temperature, ease of processing, etc., wood has the great disadvantage that it will ignite easily, being a cellulosic material.
Investigations regarding the degradation state of a Romanian country road
Authors: Hoha D , Țăranu N , Ungureanu D , Boboc V , Isopescu D N , Pleșcan E-L , Boboc A , Scutaru M C , Domnița L I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study is aimed to identify and to describe some of the most common types of pavement degradations that may develop on some Romanian county roads. According to the road safety management system, The County Direction of Road and Bridge Administration has the responsibility to ensure the traffic conditions, by preventing or repairing any degradation that may have adverse effects on the ride’s safety and comfort. The most common types of degradations that can be identified on the Romanian county roads are: block cracks, longitudinal / transverse cracks, joint stepping, rocking, joint sealant defects and local declines. The process of interventions for restoring the road safety condition is continuous and span through the entire lifecycle of the structure (planning, design, build, operate, maintain and decommission). In order to illustrate the degradation state and to identify the most appropriate type of intervention required to restore the road safety condition, a case study is presented. The latter consists in a county road located in the Northern part of Romania (Suceava County), designated with the route number DJ 177A. The viability of the road was evaluated based on visual inspections and laboratory testing of its component materials. Based on the experimentally results several intervention works were suggested.
Study on regional applicability of dehumidification air conditioning system with different stage regeneration modes
Authors: Hao H , Zhang Y D , Xin P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article also put forward staged-regeneration wheel of the air conditioning system with condensing heat recovery technology, according to the climate zones in China, using the DesT software simulation in different areas of thermal and moisture load in a villa, and regeneration of the runner desiccant air conditioning system performance calculation, the results show that the compared with the two area runner desiccant air conditioning system, hierarchical regeneration runner desiccant air conditioning system performance are improved, the system of the refrigerant mass flow is reduced, the cooling load of the evaporator is reduced, the total load also significantly reduce energy consumption, air conditioning systems exergy efficiency improved; For regions with low temperature, low humidity or moderate humidity, the desiccant air conditioning system of three-areas graded regeneration wheel is more energy saving. In temperature and humidity relatively moderate areas, classification of renewable energy saving effect of the wheel were similar, but the four-areas wheel exergy efficiency obviously is higher than other wheel; For regions where both temperature and humidity are relatively high, the energy saving of the air conditioning system of the rotary wheel in the three-areas is not obvious, and the energy saving effect of the two-stage rotary wheel is the most significant.
Dynamic characteristics of CLT panels: computer modelling and simulations
Authors: Kozarić L , Vojnić Purčar M , Tekic Z , Bešević M , Zivković S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The fundamental vibration frequency and deflections due to the unit static force of the cross-laminated timber panels of different heights and spans were calculated. The calculation of the effective flexural rigidity was performed by the Gamma method. Obtained values are compared with the values obtained by modeling the construction in the Ansys software package. Three types of floor panels were analyzed with the same combinations of layer thicknesses in the cross section, but with different number of layers. The panels are 4, 5 and 6 meters long and 1 meter wide. Based on the results, recommendations have been made in accordance with current criteria that define the acceptable behavior of lightweight floor structures in relation to vibrations caused by human action.
Contributions to the consolidation of wooden floors to structures with load-bearing masonry walls
Authors: Lapuste A V , Mociran H A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The consolidation of wooden floors is a common intervention in the practice of building rehabilitation. The necessity of this type of works comes from the sensitivity of wood to biological degradation, the existence of a significant number of heritage buildings in which the construction of the slabs was done without ensuring compliance with the requirements of the normal exploitation (limiting the deformations), the occurrence in operation of the need to increase the capable loads. It is required, in case of consolidation at earthquake of the buildings with wooden floors, the creation of rigid slab (rigid in horizontal plane). The consolidation solutions that can be adopted are different, trying to respond to the diversity of situations/particularities which are encountered in practice. The paper briefly reviews the solutions currently used for the rehabilitation of wooden floors, then presenting a solution for the consolidation of a wooden floor belonging to an intermediate floor acted by gravitational actions, respectively a solution for achieving the rigid slab of an attic, of a multi-storey building.
Researches on energy conversion of municipal waste by plasma decomposition for energy-efficiency in civil engineering
Authors: Lupu M L , Isopescu D N , Cucoş I , Antonescu I , Maxineasa S G , Baciu I-R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the research, technologies and testing equipment developed for the energy plasma conversion of municipal waste in order to enhance energy-efficiency in the civil engineering domain. The purpose of this work is the environmentally friendly improving the efficiency of waste conversion processes by using controlled plasma decomposition reactors developed by the authors, which generate syngas, electrical and thermal energy which can be used in civil engineering.
Effectiveness of tuned mass dampers for improved seismic performance of dual eccentrically braced steel frames
Authors: Mociran H A , Lăpuște A V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) have been widely used for the control of seismic response of various new or existing buildings, successfully. However, the use of TMDs in the case of dual eccentrically braced steel frame structures has not been found in the technical literature. The paper appraises numerically the efficiency of TMDs in enhancing the seismic response of dual eccentrically braced steel frame structures and investigates the influence of mass of the TMD on the level of the response reduction achieved. To achieve these goals, a typical mid-rise five story steel frame structure with perimeter dual eccentrically braced frames, located in Bucharest, has been considered. Then, bidirectional TMDs with three mass ratios 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 have been added on the top floor of the building, without redesign the frame members. Comparative nonlinear time history analyses of the unequipped and equipped structure have been performed with accelerograms of Vrancea 1977 type. Numerical results (peak base shears, peak inter-story drifts ratio and peak absolute story accelerations) show the efficiency of TMDs in mitigating the seismic response of dual eccentrically braced steel frames.
Multicriterial optimization of topo-geodetic techniques for behaviour monitoring in service stage of civil engineering structures
Authors: Morariu D-I , Lepădatu D , Șerbănoiu I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Optimization of civil engineering systems is a complex process that includes both theoretical and practical knowledge of experts from different disciplines. Optimization is defined as a rigorous process by which the methods corresponding to an engineering problem are analyzed and selected. The objective of this scientific paper is to define an optimal system / technique in monitoring the behaviour of civil engineering structures by topographic methods using the multi-criterial decision theory, by analyzing, combining and comparing some topographic methods and techniques used in monitoring the behavior of objectives by identifying decisional criteria (quantitative and qualitative) and applying one-or multi-criteria decisions. Finally, by choosing quantitative and qualitative criteria, we can establish the optimal techniques that correspond to the monitoring activity of the behaviour in service stage of civil engineering structures. The necessity for this optimal system that uses an algorithm is to reduce the risks and uncertainties that may arise from the monitoring process of buildings. Also, the results obtained must fulfil a certain accuracy, time and cost conditions, as well as their extent for other monitoring activities in topographical measurements.
Assessment of code-based design approach of buckling restrained braced frames in P100-1/2013 using pushover analysis
Authors: Mosnoi E , Stratan A , Voica T F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Buckling restrained braced frames (BRBFs) are a relatively new structural system, characterized by high seismic energy dissipation. The Romanian seismic design code P100-1/2013 has recently introduced design provisions for buckling restrained braced frames. According to the code, the dissipative components are designed for the seismic forces reduced by behavior factor q, while the non-dissipative components are capacity-designed for seismic forces amplified with an over-strength factor Ω
T
. The objective is to assess the code-based capacity design procedure using the nonlinear static analysis. Three structural configurations are considered: two BRBF configurations and a dual BRBF configuration. The structures are first designed following the code procedure, and then analyzed using a pushover analysis, using a numerical model of the buckling restrained braces calibrated on experimental data.
Approach, understanding, needs and integration of the BIM concept in the Romanian modern society
Authors: Muntean R , Chițonu G C , Radu D , Cazacu C E , Gălățanu T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to look at the level of knowledge about BIM (Building Information Modelling) in 3 important constructions sectors: higher education institutions (HEI) - companies – public bodies. In reference to the studies and surveys made in Romania by a team from Transilvania University of Brasov, in the frame of an Erasmus+ research project - UrbanBIM, it is reasonable to hypothesize that most of the people surveyed did not understand what BIM really is, and some were unable to identify the differences between BIM and CAD (Computer-aided design). Making population surveys and analysing the data allow for determining the methodologies for future implementation of BIM technologies and improving the educational training. The concept understating shows the preponderance of using BIM technology in the construction sector, developed on extended levels, starting from urban planning, geographic information system (GIS), architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), building management and leading to life cycle analysis (LCA) and energy efficiency (EE).
Freeze-thaw testing of stabilized soil samples used for riverbank consolidation
Authors: Nagy A-Cs , Cîrcu A-P , Ciubotaru V-C , Crăciunescu B M , Topan G , Moldovan D V , Moldovan L-E , Pașca D M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Riverbank erosion is a common problem of the Romanian freshwater system. Classic riverbank stabilization methods consisted of using different type of concrete, however concrete manufacture consumes large amount of non-renewable raw materials and energy, and it is a carbon-intensive process. Many efforts are, therefore, being undertaken towards the developing “greener” solutions. There are different type of retaining walls resulted from the need to avoid reinforced concrete wall solutions, such as gabion walls, solid masonry walls, rocky embankment prisms, and wooden pile retaining systems. But all of these solutions converge on gathering raw material from an external source, and transporting it on location. In Romania acquiring crushed stone tends to become problematic, especially, in the areas outside the Carpathian mountain range. Therefore a solution of using local soil as a base for a stabilized soil layer is very practical and economical from a technologic point of view. Being a hydrotechnical application, the freeze-thaw resistance of the stabilized layer is crucial for the lifetime of structures. The objective of our study was to determine this parameter, in accordance with the Romanian norms and regulations.
Current approaches regarding the assessment of quality of the buildings from the perspective of the user’s perception
Authors: Parincu P D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on the satisfaction of the users/beneficiaries and on the quality level of the construction industry. Monitoring user satisfaction brings benefits in the construction industry by improving communication between the parties, engaging in mutual agreements, evaluating progress and monitoring the results and changes made. Users have certain claims about how they want to be treated, moreover, the physical product obtained must fit within their internal value system.
Protection of turbine halls of power plants from exposure to high temperatures in fire conditions
Authors: Pykhtin A I , Tomakov M V , Tomakov V I , Anikina E I , Brezhnev A V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
There are numerous cases when fires in power plant turbine halls causes the collapse of roof metal structures. The use of conventional firefighting equipment in high-bay facilities has proved to be ineffective or unacceptable. In this situation fire robots are the most feasible option. Today the best variant is a fire robot that is based on a traditional fire monitor and equipped with infrared fire seat detectors. Some specific advantages of fire robots include their ability to operate under low visibility with high smoke generation conditions that are typical of a fire in a turbine hall. The program of roof structures cooling down is designed and tested in advance so that fire robots can perform their functions in automatic mode. Fire robots can be included into permanent-type fire safety systems that are designed taking into account specific construction features of a facility and temperature conditions in case of a fire. Such composite system is a multifunctional complex that is able to perform versatile fire protection functions. The most appropriate fire robot types to be used in such complex fire protection system are fire robots based on conventional fire monitors, as they have some notable advantages compared with mobile robots or androids. One of them is their ability to protect big areas starting from 5 and up to 15 thousand square meters with fire suppressing media flow rate range just 20-60 l/sec correspondingly. Water or foam can be delivered via air exactly to the fire seat instead of spraying over the total designed area. Moreover, wetting intensity can be maintained at a level that corresponds to fire seat intensity.
Tests upon Savonius turbine and its usage in street lighting pole
Authors: Rus T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The tendency nowadays is to reduce the consumption of conventional energy and to efficiently use renewable energy resources. Thus, the energy independence of the different consumers is tried, along which is the street lighting. There are many applications where street lighting is powered by renewable energy, using photovoltaic panels. This article presents a different solution for powering street lighting, with the help of wind energy, through Savonius turbines. A Savonius wind turbine with the overlap ratio of blades of 0.35 is tested, in order to determine its actual power coefficient and power extracted from the wind. According to the tests, a power coefficient of 0.3 was obtained for wind speeds of 4 and 5 m/s and the maximum power at a wind speed of 7 m/s. With the values obtained, for this type of turbine, different configurations of Savonius turbines have been dimensioned to supply an energy-efficient street lighting pole.
Numerical study of monitoring of early-age concrete strength development using PZT induced stress wave
Authors: Sun W , Fu T Y , Li B , Sun L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to verify the validity of concrete strength monitoring method based on piezoelectric wave dynamic technology by the numerical simulation ways. Since the elastic modulus of concrete increases linearly with its strength, the elastic modulus of concrete at different ages is set to simulate its strength growth. The stress wave is transmitted and received by the piezoelectric sensor embedded in concrete, and the stress wave energy value is taken as the strength identification parameter, and its variation trend with the strength is analyzed. The results show that with the increase of concrete strength, the energy value of monitoring signal has a monotonically decreasing trend. In the early stage of concrete, the monitoring signal energy decreases at a large rate and then tends to be flat. In the early stage, the strength growth rate of concrete is faster, and tends to be flat in the later stage. Furthermore, the curve of capability ratio and strength ratio was established, and the two presented good linear lines. The results of this paper show that the concrete strength monitoring method based on pressure wave dynamic technology can be used to monitor the concrete strength.
Analysis of passenger traffic in Bohai Strait Tunnel
Authors: Wang B , Li Y P , Liu F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
China envisages building a new undersea tunnel called Bohai Strait Tunnel to connect Dalian to Yantai, for the purpose of solving the detour problem in transportation. This paper analyses the passenger traffic in Bohai Strait Tunnel. A modified negative exponent network flow assignment model and an increasing rate method are used to predict the network flow assignment and passenger traffic volume after the completion of Bohai Strait Tunnel in 2050. Two formulas of economic benefits are employed to evaluate the effect of undersea tunnel on passenger traffic. The result indicates that the new undersea tunnel can shorten the distance, reduce the transport cost, save travel time, and produce good economic benefits. Tunnel transportation will attract a large number of passengers and become main transportation way. The analysis result can provide technical storage and references for the future undersea tunnel construction.