bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Training Experience and Attitudes Toward Advance Care Planning Among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chan Helen Yue-lai , Kwok Annie Oi-ling , Yuen Kwok-keung , Au Derrick Kit-sing , Yuen Jacqueline Kwan-yuk 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Training has been found effective in improving healthcare professionals’ knowledge, confidence, and skills in conducting advance care planning (ACP). However, its association with their attitudes toward ACP, which is crucial to its implementation, remained unclear. To fill this gap, this paper examines the association between their attitudes toward ACP and relevant training experiences.Methods: An online survey about attitudes toward ACP of healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, social workers, and allied healthcare professionals, currently working in hospital and community care in Hong Kong was conducted.Results: Of 250 respondents, approximately half (51.6%) had received ACP-related training. Those with relevant training reported significantly more positive in the perceived clinical relevance, willingness, and confidence in conducting ACP and levels of agreement with 19 out of the 25 statements in a questionnaire about attitudes toward ACP than those without (ps ≤ 0.001–0.05). Respondents who received training only in a didactic format reported a significantly lower level of confidence in conducting ACP than did others who received a blended mode of learning (p = 0.012). Notwithstanding significant differences between respondents with and without relevant training, respondents generally acknowledged their roles in initiating conversations and appreciated ACP in preventing decisional conflict in surrogate decision-making regardless of their training experience.Conclusions: This paper revealed the association between training and positive attitudes toward ACP among healthcare professionals. The findings showed that training is a predictor of their preparedness for ACP in terms of perceived relevancy, willingness, and confidence. Those who had received training were less likely to consider commonly reported barriers such as time constraints, cultural taboos, and avoidance among patients and family members as hindrances to ACP implementation.
Efficacy of non-opioid analgesics to control postoperative pain: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Carter John A , Black Libby K , Sharma Dolly , Bhagnani Tarun , Jahr Jonathan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND
The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) Meloxicam 30 mg (MIV), an investigational non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and certain other IV non-opioid analgesics for moderate-severe acute postoperative pain.
METHODS
We searched PubMed and CENTRAL for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) (years 2000–2019, adult human subjects) of IV nonopioids (IV NSAIDs or IV Acetaminophen) used to treat acute pain after abdominal, hysterectomy, bunionectomy or orthopedic procedures. A Bayesian NMA was conducted in STATA (v13.0) to rank treatments based on the standardized mean differences in sum of pain intensity difference from baseline up to 24 hours postoperatively (Sum of pain intensity difference: SPID 24). The probability and the cumulative probability of rank for each treatment were calculated, and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was applied to distinguish each treatment by efficacy and safety where higher SUCRA values indicated better outcomes. Treatments were also compared by frequency of opioid-related adverse events (ORADEs) including gastrointestinal and respiratory and reduction in morphine milligram equivalents (MME). The study protocol was prospectively registered with by PROSPERO (CRD42019117360).
RESULTS
Out of 2,313 screened studies, 27 studies with 36 comparative observations were included, producing a treatment network that included the four non-opioid IV pain medications of interest (MIV, ketorolac, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen). MIV was associated with the largest SPID 24 for all procedure categories and comparators. The SUCRA ranking table indicated that MIV had the highest probability for the most effective treatment for abdominal (89.5%), bunionectomy (100%), and hysterectomy (99.8%). Significantly lower MME was associated with MIV for abdominal (vs acetaminophen, ibuprofen and ketorolac), bunionectomy (vs acetaminophen), hysterectomy (vs acetaminophen and ketorolac) and orthopedic procedures (vs acetaminophen and ibuprofen). Odds of ORADEs were significantly higher for all comparators vs MIV for orthopedic (gastrointestinal) and hysterectomy (respiratory).
CONCLUSIONS
MIV 30 mg may provide better pain reduction with similar or better safety compared to other approved IV non-opioid analgesics. Caution is warranted in interpreting these results, as all comparisons involving MIV were indirect.
Reliable and rapid smooth extubation after Ketofol for induction of general anesthesia in Laparoscopic Drilling of polycystic ovary: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mahmoud Atef Mohamed Sayed , Botros Joseph Makram , Ragab Safaa Gaber 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

the outcome of ketofol on the hemodynamics and the airway response during induction of general anesthesia has been studied before. Its effect on smoothness of extubation has not been studied before. So, we aimed to assess the effect of ketofol on the smoothness of extubation and compare it with propofol only for induction of general anesthesia.
Methods

This double-blind, randomized, and controlled study was conducted on one hundred and six American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical status ''ASA PS'' class I and II female patients aged 18–40 years old and scheduled for laparoscopic drilling for polycystic ovary disease under general anesthesia. The patients were assigned into one of two groups (53) patients each; group KP = ketofol and group P = propofol.
Results

There was good sedation score during suction and extubation in the ketofol group. Airway response and smoothness of extubation were better in the ketofol group better than the propofol group.
Conclusion

Ketofol as an induction anesthetic agent was effective in attenuating the airway response during extubation more than profofol only.
Trial registration:

This trial was retrospectively registered at the Clinical Trial.gov with the Identification Number: NCT04365686.
The Association Between Male Infertility and Cardiometabolic Disturbances: A Population Based Study
Authors: Behboudi-Gandevani Samira , Yarandi Razieh Bidhendi , Dovom Marzieh Rostami , Azizi Fereidoun , Tehrani Fahimeh Ramezani 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aim: Studies focusing of male infertility and cardio-metabolic disorders is insufficient and controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances in a population based Tehran lipid and glucose study. Material and methods: For the purpose of the present study, we used data collected in 3rd follow up visit of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, which included comprehensive data on reproductive status of participants. All those who were never married, were unwillingness to have a child, had documented female infertility were excluded from the study. A total of 1611 remaining participants were further classified as two groups: men who had documented male infertility as infertile group (n = 88) and those had at least one live birth and did not have a history of primary infertility as the fertile group (n = 1523). Generalized Linear Regression model (GLM) with logit link were applied to assess the to explore the association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances including diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity, central obesity and chronic kidney disease after further adjustment for age and BMI.Results: Compared to fertile controls, infertile men were more likely to be older, [58 (13.3) versus 53 (10.2) years (P = 0.003)]. The results of unadjusted model revealed that infertility were significantly associated with hypertension and CKD, OR = 1.8 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.9, P-value = 0.006) and OR = 1.9 (95%CI: 1.1, 3.6, P-value = 0.033), respectively. However, the significant association, which were found in crude analyses, were disappeared after adjusting for potential confounders of age and BMI. Moreover, infertility did not have any association with other cardiometabolic disturbances including diabetes and pre-diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obesity and central obesity in unadjusted and adjusted analysis. Conclusion: Our study revealed that there were not any association between male infertility and cardiometabolic disturbances in a population based setting. This study is an incentive to initiate more explicit surveys concerning this topic in order to provide more accurate data on male infertility. More population-based studies with large sample size are still warranted to confirm these findings.
‘Recoupling’ the attentional and motor control of preparatory postural adjustments to overcome Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s
Authors: Maslivec Amy , Fielding Anna , Wilson Mark , Norris Meriel , Young William 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives
This study examined if people with Parkinson’s and freezing of gait pathology (FoG) could be trained to increase preparatory weight-shift amplitude, and facilitate step initiation during FoG.
Methods
Thirty-five people with Parkinson’s and FoG attempted to initiate forward stepping either during a FoG event (n = 17, FoG-F) or following a voluntary stop (n = 18, FoG-NF) in a Baseline condition and two conditions where an increased weight-shift amplitude was trained via: i) Explicit verbal instruction, and ii) Implicit movement analogies.
Results
At Baseline, weight-shift amplitudes were smaller during: i) unsuccessful, compared to successful step initiations (FoG-F group), and ii) successful step initiations in the FoG-F group compared to FoG-NF. Both Verbal and Analogy training resulted in significant increases in weight-shift amplitude in both groups, and a corresponding pronounced reduction in unsuccessful attempts to initiate stepping (FoG-F group).
Conclusions
Hypometric preparatory weight-shifting is associated with failure to initiate forward stepping in people with Parkinson’s and FoG. However, impaired weight-shift characteristics are modifiable through conscious strategies. This current study provides a novel and critical evaluation of preparatory weight-shift amplitudes during FoG events. The intervention described represents an attractive ‘rescue’ strategy and should be further scrutinised regarding limitations posed by physical and cognitive deficits.
SLC40A1 mediates ferroptosis and cognitive dysfunction in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hao Lijun , Mi Jun , Song Liping , Guo Yinnan , Li Yanli , Yin Yiru , Zhang Ce 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: Cognitive dysfunction often accompanies diabetes. Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia cause cognitive dysfunctions. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. Recent evidence show that ferroptosis primarily triggers nerve cell death, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). We purposed to investigate whether ferroptosis is a vital pathogenic pathway in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction. Methods and results: Type 1 diabetic rat model was created by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Significant cognitive dysfunction was observed in the diabetic rats as evidenced by increase in latency period to find a hidden platform and decreased cumulative time spent in the target quadrant in the Morris water maze test. We detected the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the BOLD (Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent) signal using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Consequently, we found that the ALFF values, as well as the T2 relaxation time of the bilateral hippocampus, were reduced in Type 1 diabetic rats. We detected Fe2+ level and lipid peroxidation products (MDA and 4-HNE) in the hippocampus. Mitochondria and neuron injury in the STZ-induced diabetic rats were determined using a Transmission Electron Microscope and Nissl body staining. Iron overload and ferroptosis were detected in the hippocampus. Furthermore, mRNA microarray analysis revealed 201 dysregulated mRNAs in STZ-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D). Pathway enrichment analyses indicated that differentially expressed mRNAs associated-coding genes were associated with ferroptosis. Among ferroptosis signaling pathway genes, Slc40a1 gene (ferroportin) was downregulated.Conclusion: We show that ferroptosis is associated with diabetic cognitive dysfunction and Slc40a1 mediates ferroptosis in Type 1 diabetes.
Pose estimation by extended Kalman filter using noise covariance matrices based on sensor output
Authors: SAITO AYUKO , Kizawa Satoru , Kobayashi Yoshikazu , Miyawaki Kazuto 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an extended Kalman filter for pose estimation using noise covariance matrices based on sensor output. Compact and lightweight nine-axis motion sensors are used for motion analysis in widely various fields such as medical welfare and sports. A nine-axis motion sensor includes a three-axis gyroscope, a three-axis accelerometer, and a three-axis magnetometer. Information obtained from the three sensors is useful for estimating joint angles using the Kalman filter. The extended Kalman filter is used widely for state estimation because it can estimate the status with a small computational load. However, determining the process and observation noise covariance matrices in the extended Kalman filter is complicated. The noise covariance matrices in the extended Kalman filter were found for this study based on the sensor output. Postural change appears in the gyroscope output because the rotational motion of the joints produces human movement. Therefore, the process noise covariance matrix was determined based on the gyroscope output. An observation noise covariance matrix was determined based on the accelerometer and magnetometer output because the two sensors’ outputs were used as observation values. During a laboratory experiment, the lower limb joint angles of three participants were measured using an optical 3D motion analysis system and nine-axis motion sensors while participants were walking. The lower limb joint angles estimated using the extended Kalman filter with noise covariance matrices based on sensor output were generally consistent with results obtained from the optical 3D motion analysis system. Furthermore, the lower limb joint angles were measured using nine-axis motion sensors while participants ran on a treadmill for about 90 seconds. The experiment results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method for human pose estimation.
Evaluation of NaCl and MgCl2 heat exchange fluids in a deep binary geothermal system in a sedimentary halite formation
Authors: Moore Kayla R , Holländer Hartmut M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Halite formations are attractive geothermal reservoirs due to their high heat conductivity, resulting in higher temperatures than other formations at similar depths. However, halite formations are highly reactive with undersaturated water. An understanding of the geochemical reactions that occur within a halite-saturated formations can inform decision making regarding well construction, prevention of well clogging, formation dissolution, and thermal short-circuiting. Numerical 1-D and 3-D flow and equilibrium reactive transport modeling were used to characterize the produced NaCl-brine in a well targeting a halite-saturated formation. The potential for inhibition of precipitation and dissolution using an MgCl2-brine and NaCl+MgCl2-brine were also investigated. Within the injection well, with heating from 60 to 120°C, the solubility of halite decreases resulting in the potential dissolution of 0.57 mol L-1 at the formation. Cooling from 120 to 100°C in the production well results in precipitation of 0.20 mol L-1 halite as well as anhydrite, brucite, carnallite, goergeyite, gypsum, halite, kieserite and polyhalite. Introduction of Mg2+ into the heat exchange brine resulted in a decreased potential for dissolution by 0.35 mol L-1 as the heat exchange fluid entered the formation and within the formation itself, as well as decreased precipitation within the production well, compared to the NaCl-brine. The NaCl-brine solubility was altered by changes in pressure up to 0.18 mol L-1. This indicates that designing and monitoring the composition of heat exchange fluids in highly saline environments is an important component in geothermal project design.
E -learning during Covid 19 Pandemic.
Authors: Gohiya Poorva , Gohiya Ashish 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Teaching learning in the times of Covid 19 pandemic needs to be revamped in order to follow norms of social distancing. Therefore, online classes are a necessity now.Methodology: We registered our institution on Microsoft Teams under educational institutes. Entire college faculty was registered along with undergraduates and post graduate students. E- classes were planned after a professional demonstration.Results: The feedback of e classes given by students was encouraging. They were satisfied by the teacher’s way of delivering lecture. The students felt, on line classes are almost similar to offline classes. The main hinderance in e-classes was internet connection.Conclusion: The e classes helped to continue the teaching learning activities during restrictions because of Covid19 pandemic
Mer regulates microglial M1/M2 polarization and alleviates neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury
Authors: wu haijian , zheng jingwei , xu shenbin , fang yuanjian , shao anwen , shi ligen , lu jianan , wang xiaoyu , wang yirong , zhao zhen , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Microglial activation and neuroinflammation are key cellular events following TBI, but the regulatory and functional mechanisms are still not well understood. Myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (Mer), a member of the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, regulates multiple features of microglial physiology. However, its function in regulating the innate immune response and microglial M1/M2 polarization in TBI has not been addressed. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of Mer in regulating microglial M1/M2 polarization and neuroinflammation following TBI. Methods: The controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse model was established. Mer siRNA was intracerebroventricularly administered and recombinant protein S (PS) was intravenously applied for intervention. The neurobehavioral assessments, RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy analysis, Nissl and Fluoro-Jade B staining, brain water content measurement, and contusion volume assessment were performed. Results: Mer is upregulated and regulates microglial M1/M2 polarization and neuroinflammation in the acute stage of TBI. Mechanistically, Mer activates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1/3 (SOCS1/3) pathway. Inhibition of Mer markedly decreases microglial M2 polarization while increases M1 polarization, which exacerbates the secondary brain damage and sensorimotor deficits after TBI. Recombinant PS exerts beneficial effects in TBI mice through Mer activation. Conclusions: Mer is an important regulator of microglial M1/M2 polarization and neuroinflammation, and may be considered as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in TBI.
Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase redirects NSCLC cell metabolism and counteracts development of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Dyrstad Sissel Elisabeth , Lotsberg Maria Lie , Tan Tuan Zea , Pettersen Ina Katrine Nitschke , Hjellbrekke Silje , Tusubira Deusdedit , Engelsen Agnete Svensen Tenfjord , Daubon Thomas , Mourier Arnaud , Thiery Jean Paul , Dahl Olav , Lorens James , Tronstad Karl Johan , Røsland Gro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring oncogenic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inevitably develop resistance to targeted therapy. Drug resistance is an example of cancer cell plasticity where cells change according to diverse microenvironmental pressure, which can be described as a way of evolution by natural selection. Metabolic rewiring during cancer development may support several malignant features and facilitate emergence of therapy resistant clones. Results Analysis of transcriptome data from two independent NSLSC patient cohorts identified upregulated markers of glucose metabolism and ROS defense in tumors compared to normal tissue. We show that these alterations were associated with increased expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1). We established relevant in vitro models to study metabolic alterations in the context of resistance to EGFR TKIs to determine if targeted metabolic intervention would prevent development of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) in NSCLC cells. The PDK inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) was shown to reduce cell growth. This mechanism was associated with redirected metabolism towards pyruvate and lactate oxidation, and reduced lactate production, both in EGFR TKI sensitive and resistant NSCLC cells. Conclusion We propose that the intracellular stress created by redirecting pyruvate metabolism can prevent EGFR TKI resistance in NSCLC.
Crime and physical activity measures from the Safe and Fit Environments Study (SAFE) Psychometric properties across age groups
Authors: Roesch Scott C. , Patch Christina M. , Roman Caterina G. , Conway Terry L. , Taylor Ralph B. , Saelens Brian E. , Adams Marc A. , Cain Kelli L. , Natarajan Loki Loki , Sallis James F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Valid and reliable measures are needed to better understand the relationship between physical activity and crime. This paper provides a comprehensive psychometric evaluation of measures developed in the Safe and Fit Environments (SAFE) Study to assess a conceptual framework. In addition to assessing the basic psychometric properties of each measure (e.g., variable distributions [item/scale level], internal consistency reliability), this study formally examined the measurement validity and invariance of measures across four age groups using confirmatory factor analysis. The sample (n=2,173) included 336 Adolescents (aged 12-17), 532 Young adults (aged 18-39), 838 Middle Adults, and 467 Older Adults (aged 66+). The psychometric evaluation of (sub)scales showed consistent factorial validity and internal consistency reliability across the majority of the measures and across the four age groups. Specifically, 14 of the 17 measures subjected to a test of factorial validity displayed statistically and practically significant factor loadings and internal consistency values in the overall sample and across the age groups. The pattern of correlations for each (sub)scale with other (sub)scales/indexes largely did not exhibit redundancy across measures. The findings expanded upon the test-retest reliability evaluation reported in Patch et al. (2019) and suggest these measures can be used in predictive models.