bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaria mosquitoes acquire and allocate cattle urine to enhance life history traits
Authors: Dawit Mengistu , Hill Sharon R. , Birgersson Göran , Tekie Habte , Ignell Rickard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNutrient acquisition and allocation integrate foraging and life-history traits in insects. To compensate for the lack of a particular nutrient at different life stages, insects may acquire these through supplementary feeding one.g., vertebrate secretions, in a process known as puddling. The mosquitoAnopheles arabiensisemerges undernourished, and as such, requires nutrients for both metabolism and reproduction. Host-seeking and blood-fedAn. arabiensisare attracted to the natural and synthetic odour of cattle urine, which signals a source of nutrients, but not the presence of a host or oviposition site. Females actively imbibe cattle urine, and its main nitrogenous compound, urea, and allocate these resources according to life history trade-offs to flight, survival or reproduction, as a function of physiological state. As a consequence, this behaviour affects vectorial capacity by increasing daily survival and vector density, and thus should be considered in future models. Future vector management strategies are discussed.
A Novel Lossless Encoding Algorithm for Data Compression - Genomics Data as an Exemplar
Authors: Al-okaily Anas , Tbakhi Abdelghani 
Published: August 2020

AbstractData compression is a challenging and increasingly important problem. As the amount of data generated daily continues to increase, efficient transmission and storage has never been more critical. In this study, a novel encoding algorithm is proposed, motivated by the compression of DNA data and associated characteristics. The proposed algorithm follows a divide-and-conquer approach by scanning the whole genome, classifying subsequences based on similarity patterns, and binning similar subsequences together. The data are then compressed in each bin independently. This approach is different than the currently known approaches: entropy, dictionary, predictive, or transform based methods. Proof-of-concept performance was evaluated using a benchmark dataset with seventeen genomes ranging in size from kilobytes to gigabytes. The results showed considerable improvement in the compression of each genome, preserving several megabytes compared with state-of-art tools. Moreover, the algorithm can be applied to the compression of other data types include mainly text, numbers, images, audio, and video which are being generated daily and unprecedentedly in massive volumes.
MTOR promotes basal cell carcinoma growth through atypical PKC
Authors: Chow Rachel Y. , Levee Taylor M. , Kaur Gurleen , Cedeno Daniel P. , Doan Linda T. , Atwood Scott X. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTAdvanced basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are driven by the Hedgehog (HH) pathway and often possess inherent resistance to SMO inhibitors. Identifying and targeting pathways that bypass SMO could provide alternative treatments. Here, we use a combination of RNA-sequencing analysis of advanced BCC tumor-normal pairs and immunostaining of human and mouse BCC samples to identify an MTOR signature in BCC. Pharmacological inhibition of MTOR activity in BCC cells significantly reduces cell proliferation without affecting HH signaling. Similarly, treatment ofPtch1fl/fl;Gli1-CreERT2mice with everolimus reduces tumor growth and aPKC activity, suggesting that MTOR promotes tumor growth by activating aPKC and demonstrating that suppressing MTOR could be a promising target for BCC patients.
Low Physiological Arousal in Mental Fatigue: Analysis of Heart Rate Variability during Time-on-task, Recovery, and Reactivity
Authors: Matuz András , van der Linden Dimitri , Kisander Zsolt , Hernádi István , Kázmér Karádi , Csathó Árpád 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHeart Rate Variability (HRV) has been suggested as a useful tool to assess fatigue-sensitive psychological operations. The present study uses between and within-subject design to examine the temporal profile of HRV including the changes related to reactivity, time-on-task (ToT), and recovery on a cognitively demanding task. In the fatigue group, participants worked on a bimodal 2-back task with a game-like character (the gatekeeper task) for about 1.5 hours, followed by a 12-minute break, and a post-break block of performance (about 18 min). In the control group, participants watched documentaries. We hypothesized that mental fatigue is associated with low physiological arousal and increasing vagal-mediated HRV as a function of ToT. We also analysed the trial-based post-response cardiac activity as a physiological indicator of task-related motivation. Relative to the control, ToT was associated with an elevated level of subjective fatigue, decreased heart rate, and increased HRV most robustly in the vagal-mediated components. Based on fatigued participants’ post-error cardiac slowing, and post-error reaction time analyses, we found no evidence for motivation deficit in association with increasing HRV and ToT. The present findings support the low arousal state of mental fatigue and suggest that primarily the vagal components of the HRV spectrum are indicative of fatigue. In addition, the study provides evidence that many HRV indices might be changed not only in a fatiguing condition but also if individuals are engaged in a prolonged non-fatiguing activity. This finding emphasizes the relevance of control conditions in ToT experiments.
Could radical pairs play a role in xenon-induced general anesthesia?
Authors: Smith Jordan , Zadeh Haghighi Hadi , Simon Christoph 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the mechanisms underlying anesthesia would be a key step towards understanding consciousness. The process of xenon-induced general anesthesia has been shown to involve electron transfer, and the potency of xenon as a general anesthetic exhibits isotopic dependence. We propose that these observations can be explained by a mechanism in which the xenon nuclear spin influences the recombination dynamics of a naturally occurring radical pair of electrons. We develop a simple model inspired by the body of work on the radical-pair mechanism in cryptochrome in the context of avian magnetoreception, and we show that our model can reproduce the observed isotopic dependence of the general anesthetic potency of xenon in mice. Our results are consistent with the idea that radical pairs of electrons with entangled spins could be important for consciousness.
Methylmalonic acid compromises mitochondrial respiration and reduces the expression of markers of differentiation in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: da Costa Renata Torres , dos Santos Marcella Bacelar , Silva Izabel Cristina Santos , Almeida Raquel Pascott , Teruel Marcela Simões , Carrettiero Daniel Carneiro , Ribeiro César A. J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTMethylmalonic acidemia is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and alternatives metabolites which is caused by the deficient activity of L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase or its cofactor 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl). The brain is one of the affected tissues by the accumulation of this metabolite in patients. The neurologic symptoms commonly appear in newborns and are clinically characterized by seizures, mental retardation, psychomotor abnormalities, and coma. The molecular mechanisms of neuropathogenesis in methylmalonic acidemia are still poorly understood, specifically regarding the impairments in neuronal development and maturation. In this study, we firstly investigated the neurotoxicity of MMA in both undifferentiated and 7-day RA-differentiated phenotypes of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and found alterations in energetic homeostasis after the exposition to MMA. We observed an increase in glucose consumption and reduced respiratory parameters of both undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells after 48 hours of exposition to MMA. RA-differentiated cells slightly indicated to be more prone to perturbations in respiratory parameters by MMA than undifferentiated cells. In order to understand whether the presence of MMA during neuronal maturation could compromise this process in neuronal cells, we performed high-resolution respirometry to evaluate the mitochondria function and qPCR assay to evaluate mRNA levels of mature neuronal-specific genes in early-stage (day 3), and late-stage (day 7) of differentiation in cells co-treated with MMA 1mM during RA mediated differentiation. Our results showed that MMA compromises the respiratory parameters of routine, ATP-linked, and maximal respiration only at the late stage of differentiation as well as downregulates the transcriptional gene profile of mature neuronal markers ENO2 and SYP. Altogether, our finds point to important alterations observed during neuronal maturation and energetic stress vulnerability that can play a role in the neurological clinical symptoms at the newborn period and reveal important molecular mechanisms that could help the screening of targets to new approaches in the therapies of this disease.
Mechanism and kinetics of copper complexes binding to the influenza A M2 channel
Authors: McGuire K. , Smit P. , Ess D. H. , Hill J. T. , Harrison R. G. , Busath D. D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCopper(II) is known to bind in the influenza virus His37 cluster in the homotetrameric M2 proton channel and block the proton current needed for uncoating. Copper complexes based on iminodiacetate also block the M2 proton channel and show reduced cytotoxicity and zebrafish-embryo toxicity. In voltage-clamp oocyte studies using the ubiquitous amantadine-insensitive M2 S31N variant, the current block showed fast and slow phases in contrast to the single phase found for amantadine block of WT M2. Here we evaluate the mechanism of block by copper adamantyl iminodiacitate (Cu(AMT-IDA)) and copper cyclooctyl iminodiacitate (Cu(CO-IDA)) complexes and address whether the complexes can covalently bind to one or more of the His37 imidazoles. The current traces were fitted to parametrized master equations. The energetics of binding and the rate constants suggest that the first step is copper-complex binding within the channel and the slow step in the current block is the covalent bond formation between copper complex and histidine. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) indicates that a single imidazole binds strongly to the copper complexes. Structural optimization using density functional theory (DFT) reveals that the complexes fit inside the channel and project the Cu(II) towards the His37 cluster allowing one imidazole to form a covalent bond with the Cu(II). Electrophysiology and DFT studies also show that the complexes block the G34E amantadine-resistant mutant in spite of some crowding in the binding site by the glutamates.
Early developmental asymmetries in cell lineage trees in living individuals
Authors: Fasching Liana , Jang Yeongjun , Tomasi Simone , Schreiner Jeremy , Tomasini Livia , Brady Melanie , Bae Taejeong , Sarangi Vivekananda , Vasmatzis Nikolaos , Wang Yifan , Szekely Anna , Fernandez Thomas V. , Leckman James F. , Abyzov Alexej , Vaccarino Flora M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPost-zygotic mosaic mutations can be used to track cell lineages in humans. By using cell cloning and induced pluripotent cell lines, we analyzed early cell lineages in two living individuals (a patient and a control), and a postmortem human specimen. Of ten reconstructed post-zygotic divisions, none resulted in balanced contributions of daughter lineages to tissues. In both living individuals one of two lineages from the first cleavage was dominant across tissues, with 90% frequency in blood. We propose that the efficiency of DNA repair contributes to lineage imbalance. Allocation of lineages in postmortem brain correlated with anterior-posterior axis, associating lineage history with cell fate choices in embryos. Recurrence of germline variants as mosaic suggested that certain loci may be particularly susceptible to mutagenesis. We establish a minimally invasive framework for defining cell lineages in any living individual, which paves the way for studying their relevance in health and disease.
Knocking outSOBIR1inNicotiana benthamianaabolishes functionality of transgenic receptor-like protein Cf-4
Authors: Huang Wen R.H. , Schol Christiaan , Villanueva Sergio Landeo , Heidstra Renze , Joosten Matthieu H.A.J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe first layer of plant immunity is formed by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are present at the cell surface and perceive extracellular immunogenic patterns. Receptor-like proteins (RLPs), such as the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) PRR Cf-4 that provides resistance to the fungusCladosporium fulvumsecreting the matching avirulence factor Avr4, have an extracellular receptor domain consisting of leucine-rich repeats, but lack a cytoplasmic kinase domain for downstream signaling. RLPs constitutively interact with the receptor-like kinase SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1 (SOBIR1), thereby providing the receptor with a kinase domain, and recruit the co-receptor BRI-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) upon their activation by a matching ligand. Trans-phosphorylation events, which can take place between the kinase domains of SOBIR1 and BAK1 after their association with the RLP, are thought to initiate downstream defense signaling. Currently, our knowledge on RLP/SOBIR1/BAK1-mediated defence initiation is limited and to understand the role of SOBIR1 in RLP function, we knocked outSOBIR1and its close homologSOBIR1-likein the model plantNicotiana benthamiana, as well as in transgenicN. benthamianastably expressingCf-4. We observed that Cf-4 function is completely abolished in the knock-out mutants, and we show that these plants can be used to perform transient complementation studies with SOBIR1 mutants. Thereby, these mutants are an important tool to study the fundamentals of plant immunity mediated by RLPs.
The Transcription Factor bZIP60 Links the Unfolded Protein Response to the Heat Stress Response in Maize
Authors: Li Zhaoxia , Tang Jie , Srivastava Renu , Bassham Diane C. , Howell Stephen H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR) and the heat shock response (HSR) are two evolutionarily conserved systems that protect plants from heat stress. The UPR and HSR occur in different cellular compartments and both responses are elicited by misfolded proteins that accumulate under adverse environmental conditions such as heat stress. While the UPR and HSR appear to operate independently, we have found a link between them in maize (Zea mays) involving the production of the BASIC LEUCINE ZIPPER60 (bZIP60) transcription factor, a pivotal response of the UPR to heat stress. Surprisingly, a mutant (bzip60-2) knocking down bZIP60 expression blunted the HSR at elevated temperatures and prevented the normal upregulation of a group of heat shock protein genes in response to elevated temperature. The expression of a key HEAT SHOCK FACTOR TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR13 (HSFTF13, a HEAT SHOCK FACTOR A6B [HSFA6B] family member) was compromised in bzip60-2, and the HSFTF13 promoter was shown to be a target of bZIP60 in maize protoplasts. In addition, the upregulation by heat of genes involved in chlorophyll catabolism and chloroplast protein turnover were subdued in bzip60-2, and these genes were also found to be targets of bZIP60. Thus, the UPR, an endoplasmic-reticulum–associated response, quite unexpectedly contributes to the nuclear/cytoplasmic HSR in maize.
Hybrid intelligent adaptive controller for tiltrotor UAV
Authors: Tavoosi Jafar 
Published: August 2020

PurposeIn this paper, an innovative hybrid intelligent position control method for vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) tiltrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is proposed. So the more accurate the reference position signals tracking, the proposed control system will be better.Design/methodology/approachIn the proposed method, for the vertical flight mode, first the model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) operates and for the horizontal flight, the model predictive control (MPC) will operate. Since the linear model is used for both of these controllers and naturally has an error compared to the real nonlinear model, a neural network is used to compensate for them. So the main novelties of this paper are a new hybrid control design (MRAC & MPC) and a neural network-based compensator for tiltrotor UAV.FindingsThe proper performance of the proposed control method in the simulation results is clear. Also the results showed that the role of compensator is very important and necessary, especially in extreme speed wind conditions and uncertain parameters.Originality/valueNovel hybrid control method. 10;-New method to use neural network as compensator in an UAV.
Determinants of FDI in producer services: evidence from Chinese aggregate and sub-sectoral data
Authors: Gao Runda , De Vita Glauco , Luo Yun , Begley Jason 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in producer services in China using both country aggregate and provincial sub-sectoral data.Design/methodology/approachThis paper applies autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration and panel data regression approaches in examining the determinants of Producer Service FDI (PSFDI).FindingsOur results show differences between the determinants of aggregate FDI and PSFDI. Contrary to the typical influencing factors of general FDI (that include GDP, openness, low wages and environmental quality), the two main determinants of PSFDI inflows to China are found to be high wages and research inputs (specifically the number of research workers as a proxy for research intensity). Data drawn from 26 Chinese provinces disaggregated at sub-sector level of producer services corroborate the results.Originality/valueWe add to existing literature by identifying the key determinants of inward PSFDI in China also via a provincial-level data analysis and disaggregation at sub-sectoral level of producer services.
The influence of social distancing on employee well-being: a conceptual framework and research agenda
Authors: Tuzovic Sven , Kabadayi Sertan 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe ongoing pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has severely influenced lives and livelihoods. As service organizations either face hibernation or continuity of their business operations, the impact of social distancing measures raises major concerns for the well-being of service employees. In this paper, the authors develop a conceptual framework to examine how different social distancing practices impact an organization's service continuity or service hibernation, which in turn affects different dimensions of their employee subjective well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on macroeconomic data and industrial reports, linking them to theoretical concepts to develop a conceptual framework and a research agenda to serve as a starting point to fully understand the impact of this pandemic on employee well-being.FindingsThis article develops an overarching framework and research agenda to investigate the impact of social distancing practices on employee well-being.Originality/valueThe authors propose two opposing business concepts – service continuity and service hibernation – as possible responses to social distancing measures. By bridging different theoretical domains, the authors suggeste that there is a need to holistically examine macro-, meso- and micro-level factors to fully understand the impact of social distancing–related measures on employee well-being.
Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: barriers to service innovation
Authors: Velayati Rezvan , Shabani Esmail , Nazarian Alireza 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Despite the growing scholarly interest in service innovation and its associated benefits for organizations, research into the barriers to developing new services remains scant. In addition, most of these studies have been mainly conducted at the firm level, failing to incorporate macro forces in the industry. To fill this gap, this study aims to investigate major industry trends as well as organizational attributes that affect organizations’ capability in designing innovative services.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative approach was used. In all, 21 semi-structured interviews with senior executives in different banks were conducted to collect data. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis.

Findings
The results of this study suggest that privatization, technological shortcomings, legislative inefficiencies and deposit orientation instead of market orientation were major industry trends that affect service innovation. Furthermore, ambiguity in knowledge management regimes, silo mentality and the absence of a collaborative organizational culture, growing need to focus on human capital and risk aversion were the main organizational attributes that should be addressed for effective service innovation.

Practical implications
Service innovation is a strategic asset for organizations. To effectively leverage the benefits, managers should have an end-to-end approach toward the subject. The findings of this study would inform managers of different obstacles in the development of new services from an organizational and industry-wide perspective. Based on the outputs of the interviews and a thorough review of the literature, managerial implications are presented.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few studies that explores service innovation challenges at both macro and micro levels of analysis, providing a more holistic view of the phenomenon in the context of service organizations.
Impact of task priority on software supply chain: a simulation approach
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Vaidya Omkarprasad S , Srivastava Rajiv Kumar 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of the role of the bottlenecks in the dynamic software development supply chains. The paper examines the effects of the task priorities in the software development and investigates the possible strategies to manage them effectively.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a software development supply chain has been simulated. This includes modeling of the various sizes of software requirement, different priorities, variations in development times, quality defects, etc. The model assumes a fixed set of resources of various skills. The model is studied for the bottlenecks, throughput, work in progress (WIP), etc. under various work preemption scenarios.FindingsThe results indicate that job priorities impact the bottleneck formulation, throughput and WIP of the software development. The work interruption policies to accommodate priority jobs adversely impact the throughput. Selective introduction of interruptions by leaving the bottlenecks from interruptions helps balancing the throughput and priorities.Research limitations/implicationsThe impact of the learning curve and knowledge acquisition time needed by the resources to restart the interrupted work has not been considered in this paper, which can be a future area of research.Practical implicationsThe paper helps the practicing managers evaluate the dynamics of the bottlenecks with various task management approaches and comprehend the possible tradeoffs between priority and throughout.Originality/valueThe paper looks at software development from a perspective of workflow dynamics. This is a pioneer effort, as it utilizes simulation and modeling approach in understanding the software supply chains better.