bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinesin family member 2A high expression correlates with advanced tumor stages and worse prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Wang Guanjie , Wang Zheng , Yu Haizhen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis present study was to explore the association of kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A) expression with clinicopathological features and survival profiles, and the effect of KIF2A on cell proliferation and chemosensitivity in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsTumor and paired adjacent specimens were collected from 380 patients with NSCLC underwent resection for immunohistochemistry assay of KIF2A expression. In vitro, the effect of KIF2A on cell proliferation, chemosensitivity to cisplatin/vinorelbine was detected via KIF2A plasmids transfection into NCI‐H1299 NSCLC cells.ResultsKinesin family member 2A expression was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent tissues, and tumor tissue KIF2A high expression was associated with higher pathological grade (P < .001), larger tumor size (P = .021), lymph node metastasis (P = .044), and increased tumor‐node‐metastasis stage (P = .001). As for survival profiles, disease‐free survival (P < .001) and overall survival (P < .001) were worse in patients with KIF2A high expression compared with those with KIF2A low expression. Multivariate Cox's regression exhibited that KIF2A high expression was an independent predictive factor for lower DFS (P < .001) and OS (P < .001). In vitro, KIF2A promoted proliferation and decreased chemosensitivity to cisplatin but not vinorelbine in NCI‐H1299 NSCLC cells.ConclusionsThe correlation of KIF2A expression with tumor features, survival, and its cellular function implies its potential as a prognostic biomarker and a treatment target in NSCLC.
Improvement of oxidative stress status by lipoprotein apheresis in Chinese patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Wen Jun , Dong Qian , Liu Geng , Gao Ying , Li Xiao‐Lin , Jin Jing‐Lu , Li Jian‐Jun , Guo Yuan‐Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) characterized by severe high blood cholesterol levels usually presents an imbalance of systemic oxidative stress (OS). Lipoprotein apheresis (LA), which is the most effective therapy to reduce cholesterol levels, remains unclear in altering OS and scarce in Chinese patient studies. Our study aims to assess the impact of LA on OS status in Chinese patients with FH.MethodsAbout 31 patients (22 males, age: 12‐69 years) with FH and receiving LA treatment were consecutive enrolled. Free oxygen radicals test (FORT) and free oxygen radicals defense (FORD) values were determined using the free oxygen radical monitor and kit immediately before and after LA, while blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipid levels and hs‐CRP by conventional methods. Data were analyzed by paired t test or rank sum test and Spearman‐rho correlation analysis.ResultsBesides plasma lipid levels, the OS status showed that FORTs were significantly decreased and FORD values significantly enhanced immediately after LA treatment compared with before (both P < .01). In addition, the correlation analysis showed that the removal rates (△%) of TC were positively related to the increased rates (△%) of FORD value (ρ = 0.513, P = .003); LDL‐C to FORD (ρ = 0.39, P = .03); Lp(a) to FORD (ρ = 0.473, P = .007); and non‐HDL‐C to FORD (ρ = 0.46, P = .009). However, no significant difference in hsCRP was found.ConclusionsThe present study indicated, besides effectively lowering plasma lipid levels, LA could significantly improve OS status in Chinese patients with FH.
Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of Dandy‐Walker malformation and type III lissencephaly: A novel association
Authors: Darouich Sihem , Amraoui Jihen , Amraoui Naima 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDandy‐Walker malformation (DWM) may occur as part of Mendelian disorders such as Walker–Warburg and Meckel–Gruber syndromes. We report a novel association with type III lissencephaly in a 22‐week male fetus. Ultrasound showed fetal akinesia deformation sequence, single umbilical artery, microlissencephaly, hydranencephaly with cerebral lamination, DWM, and pontocerebellar hypoplasia. These abnormalities were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and autopsy, which also revealed pulmonary and adrenal hypoplasia, common mesentery and bilateral uretero‐pyelo‐calyceal dilatation. Neuropathological examination showed brain calcifications and diffuse neuronal degeneration. We conclude that DWM may be a feature of type III lissencephaly and that this association can be easily diagnosed by ultrasound.
Salvage therapy in cancer patients with hepatitis C without sustained virologic response after direct‐acting antivirals—A prospective study
Authors: Pritchard Haley , Jandhyala Deeksha , Hosry Jeff , Angelidakis Georgios , Torres Harrys A 
Published: December 2019

Background and AimNo information exists regarding direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) salvage therapy for Hepatitis C (HCV)‐infected patients with any type of cancer. We prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy (SVR12) of salvage therapy in these patients.MethodsPatients who failed initial DAAs (01/2015–01/2018) were analyzed. Resistance‐associated substitutions to NS5A and NS3 were investigated by population sequencing.ResultsOf 164 patients enrolled, 16 (10%) experienced treatment failure. Of these, 11 patients received salvage therapy. The majority (91%) were men; 55% had genotype 1a, 45% had cirrhosis, and 45% had hepatocellular carcinoma. Four patients failed the first salvage therapy, and two of them required a second salvage therapy. Overall, 9 of 11 (82%) patients achieved SVR12. All four patients treated with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (+/− ribavirin) achieved SVR12. The presence of resistance‐associated substitutions did not impact response. Seven patients developed grade 1/2 adverse events. No patient had grade 3/4 adverse events. No patient required interruption of DAA therapy because of clinical or laboratory abnormalities.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective study in HCV‐infected cancer patients failing DAAs. The efficacy of salvage therapy in this group appears to be lower than previously reported in non‐cancer patients, but better response rates are observed with newer regimens. Salvage therapy is associated with minimal toxicity.
New azoloazine derivatives as antimicrobial agents: Synthesis under microwave irradiations, structure elucidation, and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Kassem Asmaa F. , Abbas Eman M.H. , Al‐Qurashi Nadia T. , Farghaly Thoraya A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith aiding of microwave radiation, new series of fused‐thiazolopyrimidines and fused‐triazolopyrimidines each with cycloheptane have been synthesized through the reaction of cycloheptane‐thione with α‐haloketones or hydrazonoyl chlorides in short‐time intervals as well as high yield. Moreover, reaction of 2,7‐bis(2‐chlorobenzylidene)cycloheptan‐1‐one with o‐aminothiophenol and heterocyclic amines afforded benzo[b]cyclohepta[e][1,4]thiazepine derivative and cycloheptapyrimidines fused with different azoles, respectively. The structure for all products was discussed and proved based on the results of spectral data and elemental analysis. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of selected products indicated that most of derivatives showed their potent activity exceeds the reference antibiotic in some cases.
Functional Alterations of White Matter in Chronic Never‐Treated and Treated Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Yang Chengmin , Zhang Wenjing , Yao Li , Liu Naici , Shah Chandan , Zeng Jiaxin , Yang Zhipeng , Gong Qiyong , Lui Su 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundSchizophrenia is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders and dysfunction of gray matter (GM) has been usually investigated by resting‐state functional (f)MRI. However, functional organization of white matter (WM) in chronic schizophrenia remains unclear.PurposeTo investigate the WM functional alterations in chronic never‐treated schizophrenia and the effects of long‐term antipsychotic treatment.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsTwenty‐five never‐treated, 41 matched antipsychotic‐treated schizophrenia, and 25 healthy comparison subjects.Field Strength/SequenceResting state (rs)‐fMRI, T1‐weighted images (T1WI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) covering the whole brain were acquired with a 3.0T scanner.Assessment: Amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in WM and the correlation coefficients between WM and GM were examined and compared among the three participant groups by two reviewers independently. Independent component analysis (ICA) was added to evaluate WM‐fMRI signals.Statistical Tests: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA); Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsNever‐treated patients demonstrated lower ALFF in splenium of corpus callosum (SCC) relative to treated patients and controls (P < 0.001, false discovery rate [FDR]‐corrected). While the extracted independent component also located in SCC and showed significantly decreased connectivity in never‐treated patients when compared to controls (P < 0.05, FDR‐corrected). The correlation coefficients of WM‐GM displayed greater reductions in the genu of corpus callosum (GCC), pontine crossing tract (PC), bilateral cingulum (hippocampus) (CGH), and bilateral corticospinal tract (CST) in treated patients relative to controls (P < 0.05, FDR‐corrected).Data ConclusionThese findings provide new insight into WM functional alterations over the long‐term course of schizophrenia with and without the potential effects of antipsychotic medication. Functional change and abnormal connectivity in SCC were both found greater in untreated patients than treated patients relative to healthy controls, suggesting that long‐term antipsychotic treatment may show some protective effects on WM functional organization.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:752–763.
Joint sidelobe suppression and nulls control of large‐scale linear antenna array using particle swarm optimization with global search and population mutation
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Liu Yanheng , Sun Geng , Liang Shuang , Han Jiawei , Ju Qianao , Li Shujing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLarge‐scale antenna arrays (LSAAs) are used to achieve satisfactory performance in 5G communications and radar systems. However, sidelobe suppression and nulls control of LSAAs are high‐dimensional nonlinear optimization problems owing to the large number of antenna elements. In this study, we formulate an optimization problem for joint sidelobe suppression and nulls control of large‐scale linear antenna arrays and propose particle swarm optimization with global search and population mutation (PSOGP) to solve this problem. PSOGP introduces global search and population mutation operators into conventional particle swarm optimization to improve performance in terms of convergence rate and accuracy in large solution spaces. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with other methods, the proposed PSOGP has better overall performance in joint sidelobe suppression and nulls control.
A statistical study of pre‐summer hourly extreme rainfall over the Pearl River Delta metropolitan region during 2008–2017
Authors: Shou Yi‐Xuan , Gao Wenhua , Lu Feng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, we explored the hourly extreme rainfall over the Pearl River Delta metropolitan region (PRDMR) by performing a statistical analysis on a 10‐year hourly precipitation dataset combined with the fifth generation of ECMWF atmospheric hourly reanalysis (ERA‐5) and half‐hourly FengYun‐2 geostationary satellite observations during the pre‐summer rainy season from 2008 to 2017. Results showed that hourly extreme rainfall events over the PRDMR increased at a significant pace during the most recent 10 years, which frequently occurred during the early morning (0400–0900 local standard time [LST; UTC + 8 hr]) and afternoon (1300–1800 LST) over the central urban district and 100‐km downstream area. Comparative analysis of the meteorological conditions between the two peak periods revealed that the hourly extreme rainfall events over the PRDMR during the pre‐summer rainy season were overall prefrontal rainstorms that occurred under the influence of dominant south‐westerlies and weak easterly backflows of warm‐moist air at lower atmospheres. The hot plumes rooted at the urban surface may be the key local environmental factors responsible for generating hourly heavy rainfall over the PRDMR. Given favourable large‐scale conditions, the interaction of urban heat island effects with sea breezes and mountain‐valley breezes can promote convection by altering the thermodynamic and dynamic structures around the PRDMR. By comparison, the hourly extreme rainfall events that occurred during morning periods over the PRDMR were more sensitive to moderate to strong wind shear at the lower planetary boundary layer, whereas those that occurred during afternoon periods were more likely to occur in the presence of an environment with high conditional instability.
Comparison of backslopping and two‐stage fermentation methods for koumiss powder production based on chemical composition and nutritional properties
Authors: Li Hongbo , Wang Yi , Zhang Tianqi , Li Jin , Zhou You , Li Hongjuan , Yu Jinghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDKoumiss is a traditional fermented beverage made from mare's milk. The traditional backslopping method for koumiss production has shortcomings in terms of microbiological diversity and nutritional characteristics. In this study, a two‐stage fermentation method was established to scale up the production of koumiss powder. The chemical composition and nutritional properties of a novel two‐stage fermentation koumiss powder (TKP) were compared with backslopping koumiss powder (BKP).RESULTSThe TKP exhibited important nutritional and functional properties, including a high percentage of essential amino acids, and high polyunsaturated fatty acid, vitamin, and mineral content. The essential amino acid content of TKP was not significantly different from that of BKP. The oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and water‐soluble vitamin content of TKP was higher than that of BKP. The Ca:P ratio of TKP was also close to the optimal Ca:P ratio in humans.CONCLUSIONThe novel method could be applied for the scaled‐up production of koumiss powder with similar nutritional properties to traditional backslopping koumiss powder. The successful production of koumiss powder could also promote the development of the koumiss industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Yellow‐coated quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) – physicochemical, nutritional, and antioxidant properties
Authors: Sobota Aldona , Świeca Michał , Gęsiński Krzysztof , Wirkijowska Anna , Bochnak Justyna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundQuinoa seeds are an excellent source of nutrients and phytochemical compounds with well documented activity; however, different cultivars are usually characterized by different physical properties and chemical composition. This study presented the physical properties, nutrient content, and antioxidant capacities of 25 cultivars of yellow‐coated quinoa.ResultsThe results demonstrated that quinoa seeds may be an excellent source of dietary fiber (up to 198 g kg−1 d.m. – Baer cultivar), with a 1:2 ratio of the soluble to insoluble fraction. Digestible carbohydrates were present at the highest level in the Puno cultivar (640 g kg−1). The highest content of proteins was determined in the Colorado 407D and Faro cultivars (c.a. 16%). The average content of albumin and globulins in the seeds was 29.2 and 65.6 g kg−1, respectively. The quinoa seeds were characterized by low activity of protease inhibitors. The lowest inhibition of trypsin was determined for the UDEC‐3, Faro Orange, and Titicaca cultivars, and the highest value was exhibited by the Titicaca White and UDEC‐5 cultivars. Phenolics in the tested cultivars ranged from 7.1 g kg−1 (UDEC‐3) to 10.6 g kg−1 (Temuko). The best antiradical properties were determined for Temuco and Rainbow (2.05 g TE kg−1 and 1.85 g TE kg−1, respectively), while the Baer and Temuco cultivars were characterized by the highest reducing power (2.28 g TE kg−1 and 2.17 g TE kg−1, respectively).ConclusionThis study has shown that quinoa cultivated in European countries is a good source of nutrients, dietary fiber, and antioxidants; however, its composition varies significantly. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Contribution of plant litter and soil variables to organic carbon pools following tropical forest development after slash‐and‐burn agriculture
Authors: Wang Shaojun , Chen Minkun , Cao Run , Cao Qianbin , Zuo Qianqian , Wang Ping , Yang Bo , Zhao Shuang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTropical forest development after slash‐and‐burn agriculture crucially affects soil carbon accumulation. However, it remains unclear how the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools are regulated following tropical forest restoration. Our study aims to quantify the contribution of litter and soil variables to alterations in carbon pools during tropical forest restoration on slash‐and‐burn agricultural land in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. This study observed a significant increase in soil carbon pools along forest restoration. The extent of the increase in labile fractions (1.9–2.5‐times) was higher than that of SOC (1.5‐times) during the restoration from early to later stages. The proportion of microbial carbon to total carbon increased from 3.0 to 7.7% during forest restoration, while those of dissolved (5.3–3.1%) and readily oxidizable (42.9–29.6%) fractions decreased. Clay content determined the accumulation dynamics of SOC (10.5%) and labile fractions (6.0–13.5%) in the later stage, while free Fe oxides (10.4–15.4%) contributed to these pools mainly in the early stage. Microbial carbon explained 22.4–26.7% and 20.6–28.3% of the variation in SOC stocks and labile fractions, respectively, whereas litter carbon accounted for 9.5–15.3% of the change in microbial carbon stock. The contribution (8.2–17.1%) of litter‐soil nutrient interactions to carbon pools increased during forest restoration. Our data suggest that carbon dynamics are mainly determined by variations in the clay content, free Fe oxides, and litter and microbial carbon, possibly through nutrient‐level interactions between the litter and soil during tropical forest restoration.
New guidelines for the application of Stokes' models to the sinking velocity of marine aggregates
Authors: Laurenceau‐Cornec Emmanuel C. , Le Moigne Frédéric A. C. , Gallinari Morgane , Moriceau Brivaëla , Toullec Jordan , Iversen Morten H. , Engel Anja , De La Rocha Christina L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNumerical simulations of ocean biogeochemical cycles need to adequately represent particle sinking velocities (SV). For decades, Stokes' Law estimating particle SV from density and size has been widely used. But while Stokes' Law holds for small, smooth, and rigid spheres settling at low Reynolds number, it fails when applied to marine aggregates complex in shape, structure, and composition. Minerals and zooplankton can alter phytoplankton aggregates in ways that change their SV, potentially improving the applicability of Stokes' models. Using rolling cylinders, we experimentally produced diatom aggregates in the presence and absence of minerals and/or microzooplankton. Minerals and to a lesser extent microzooplankton decreased aggregate size and roughness and increased their sphericity and compactness. Stokes' Law parameterized with a fractal porosity modeled adequately size‐SV relationships for mineral‐loaded aggregates. Phytoplankton‐only aggregates and those exposed to microzooplankton followed the general Navier‐Stokes drag equation suggesting an indiscernible effect of microzooplankton and a drag coefficient too complex to be calculated with a Stokes' assumption. We compared our results with a larger data set of ballasted and nonballasted marine aggregates. This confirmed that the size‐SV relationships for ballasted aggregates can be simulated by Stokes' models with an adequate fractal porosity parameterization. Given the importance of mineral ballasting in the ocean, our findings could ease biogeochemical model parameterization for a significant pool of particles in the ocean and especially in the mesopelagic zone where the particulate organic matter : mineral ratio decreases. Our results also reinforce the importance of accounting for porosity as a decisive predictor of marine aggregate SV.
Diel temperature and pH variability scale with depth across diverse coral reef habitats
Authors: Cyronak Tyler , Takeshita Yuichiro , Courtney Travis A. , DeCarlo Eric H. , Eyre Bradley D. , Kline David I. , Martz Todd , Page Heather , Price Nichole N. , Smith Jennifer , Stoltenberg Laura , Tresguerres Martin , Andersson Andreas J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoral reefs are facing intensifying stressors, largely due to global increases in seawater temperature and decreases in pH. However, there is extensive environmental variability within coral reef ecosystems, which can impact how organisms respond to global trends. We deployed spatial arrays of autonomous sensors across distinct shallow coral reef habitats to determine patterns of spatiotemporal variability in seawater physicochemical parameters. Temperature and pH were positively correlated over the course of a day due to solar heating and light‐driven metabolism. The mean temporal and spatial ranges of temperature and pH were positively correlated across all sites, with different regimes of variability observed in different reef types. Ultimately, depth was a reliable predictor of the average diel ranges in both seawater temperature and pH. These results demonstrate that there is widespread environmental variability on diel timescales within coral reefs related to water column depth, which needs to be included in assessments of how global change will locally affect reef ecosystems.
Development of a sensitive qPCR method for the detection of pelagophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens
Authors: Zhang Qing‐Chun , Chen Zhen‐Fan , Zhao Jia‐Yu , Yu Ren‐Cheng , Qiu Li‐Mei , Kong Fan‐Zhou , Wang Yun‐Feng , Yan Tian , Zhou Ming‐Jiang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBrown tides of pelagophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens have been recorded in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao in the Bohai Sea (BS) since 2009. Current understandings on the dynamics and mechanisms of brown tides in the BS, however, are still quite limited due to the lack of accurate methods for detecting low‐abundance of A. anophagefferens cells. In this study, a Taqman qPCR method was developed, which targeted 28S rDNA D1‐D2 domain of A. anophagefferens. The specificity of the qPCR method was tested using 25 strains of microalgae commonly present in the coastal waters, and the targeted species A. anophagefferens was the only species that had reliable positive signal. The method was highly sensitive and reproducible, and the lower detection limit could reach 0.3 cells of A. anophagefferens. A calibration curve was established for A. anophagefferens using the DNA template extracted from different number of cells, and the lower and upper limits of detection for the qPCR assay is 0.3 cells and 1.2 × 105 cells, respectively. A high recovery rate ranged from 96.5% to 107% was achieved for A. anophagefferens at different cell densities. The qPCR assay has been successfully applied to the study on spatial and temporal variations of A. anophagefferens in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao in 2014.