bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose response of yellow and white popcorn hybrids to glyphosate, a premix of 2,4‐D choline and glyphosate, or dicamba
Authors: Barnes Ethann R , Lawrence Nevin C , Knezevic Stevan Z , Irmak Suat , Rodriguez Oscar , Jhala Amit J 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPopcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta) is difficult to distinguish from field corn (Zea mays L. var. indentata) and is produced adjacent or in close proximity to field corn and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. This creates a potential for misapplication or drift of herbicides used in nearby corn and soybean. Field experiments were conducted near Clay Center, Nebraska in 2017 and 2018 to determine the effect of glyphosate, 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate (premix), or dicamba on the growth and yield of popcorn. Treatments included nontreated control and four rates of glyphosate, 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate, or dicamba applied post‐emergence (POST) at five‐ or eight‐leaf (V5 and V8, respectively) popcorn growth stages to white and yellow popcorn hybrids. A three‐parameter log‐logistic model was fitted to treatment combination with varying herbicide rates. Glyphosate and 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate applied at V5 had greater injury, biomass reduction, height reduction, and yield loss than at V8. The two hybrids responded similarly to herbicides at most measurements. At the V8 application, 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate resulted in greater injury in the white hybrid; however, no hybrid differences in glyphosate sensitivity were observed at the V8 growth stage. Glyphosate and 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate at 0.25× rates resulted in complete plant death in both hybrids, whereas the highest dicamba dose (2×) caused 11% injury and no biomass reduction, plant height reduction, or yield loss. These results demonstrate the sensitivity of popcorn to glyphosate, 2,4‐D choline/glyphosate, or dicamba and can be of immediate educational use and practical implementation for popcorn producers, herbicide applicators, and agronomists.
Clinical features, molecular results, and management of 12 individuals with the rare arthrochalasia Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome
Authors: Ayoub Sandy , Ghali Neeti , Angwin Chloe , Baker Duncan , Baffini Stella , Brady Angela F. , Giovannucci Uzielli Maria Luisa , Giunta Cecilia , Johnson Diana S. , Kosho Tomoki , Neas Katherine , Pope F. Michael , Rutsch Frank , Scarselli Gloria , Sobey Glenda , Vandersteen Anthony , van Dijk Fleur S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArthrochalasia Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (aEDS) is a rare autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder that is characterized by congenital bilateral hip dislocations, severe generalized joint hypermobility, recurrent joint (sub)luxations, and skin hyperextensibility. To date, 42 patients with aEDS have been published. We report 12 patients with aEDS from 10 families with 6 unpublished individuals and follow‐up data on 6 adult patients. The clinical features are largely comparable with patients reported in the literature. Most (n = 10) patients had variants leading to (partial) loss of exon 6 of the COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes. One patient did not have a previously reported likely pathogenic COL1A1 variant. Data regarding management were retrieved. Hip surgery was performed in 5/12 patients and 3/12 patients underwent spinal surgery. As much as 4/12 patients were wheelchair‐bound or unable to walk unaided. Fractures were present in 9/12 individuals with 1 patient requiring bisphosphonate treatment. Echocardiograms were performed in 10 patients and 2 individuals showed an abnormality likely unrelated to aEDS. One patient gave birth to two affected children and went through preterm labor requiring medication but had no additional complications. Of the eight adults in our cohort, the majority entered a career. Our data point toward a genotype–phenotype relationship with individuals with aEDS due to pathogenic COL1A1 variants causing complete or partial loss of exon 6 being more severely affected regarding musculoskeletal features. There is a significant lack of knowledge with regard to management of aEDS, particularly in adulthood. As such, systematic follow‐up and multidisciplinary treatment is essential.
Optical Trapping with Focused Surface Waves
Authors: Xiang Yifeng , Tang Xi , Min Changjun , Rui Guanghao , Kuai Yan , Lu Fengya , Wang Pei , Ming Hai , Zhan Qiwen , Yuan Xiaocong , Lakowicz Joseph R. , Zhang Douguo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNear‐field optical trapping can be realized with focused evanescent waves that are excited at the water–glass interface due to the total internal reflection, or with focused plasmonic waves excited on the water–gold interface. Herein, the performance of these two kinds of near‐field optical trapping techniques is compared using the same optical microscope configuration. Experimental results show that only a single‐micron polystyrene bead can be trapped by the focused evanescent waves, whereas many beads are simultaneously attracted to the center of the excited region by focused plasmonic waves. This difference in trapping behavior is analyzed from the electric field intensity distributions of these two kinds of focused surface waves and the difference in trapping behavior is attributed to photothermal effects due to the light absorption by the gold film.
Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Di‐ and Sesquiterpenoids by Catalytic C−C Activation of Cyclopentanones
Authors: Hou Si‐Hua , Prichina Adriana Y. , Zhang Mengxi , Dong Guangbin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo show the synthetic utility of the catalytic C−C activation of less strained substrates, described here are the collective and concise syntheses of the natural products (−)‐microthecaline A, (−)‐leubehanol, (+)‐pseudopteroxazole, (+)‐seco‐pseudopteroxazole, pseudopterosin A–F and G—J aglycones, and (+)‐heritonin. The key step in these syntheses involve a Rh‐catalyzed C−C/C−H activation cascade of 3‐arylcyclopentanones, which provides a rapid and enantioselective route to access the polysubstituted tetrahydronaphthalene cores presented in these natural products. Other important features include 1) the direct C−H amination of the tetralone substrate in the synthesis of (−)‐microthecaline A, 2) the use of phosphoric acid to enhance efficiency and regioselectivity for problematic cyclopentanone substrates in the C−C activation reactions, and 3) the direct conversion of serrulatane into amphilectane diterpenes by an allylic cyclodehydrogenation coupling.
A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Cultural and Contextual Factors on Autism Across the Globe
Authors: de Leeuw Anne , Happé Francesca , Hoekstra Rosa A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutism research is heavily skewed toward western high‐income countries. Culturally appropriate screening and diagnostic instruments for autism are lacking in most low‐ and middle‐income settings where the majority of the global autism population lives. To date, a clear overview of the possible cultural and contextual factors that may affect the process of identifying and diagnosing individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is missing. This study aims to outline these factors by proposing a conceptual framework. A multidisciplinary review approach was applied to inform the development of the conceptual framework, combining a systematic review of the relevant autism research literature with a wider literature search spanning key texts in global mental health, cultural psychiatry, cross‐cultural psychology, and intellectual disability research. The resulting conceptual framework considers the identification, help‐seeking, and diagnostic process at four interrelated levels: (a) the expression; (b) recognition; (c) interpretation; and (d) reporting of autism symptoms, and describes the cultural and contextual factors associated with each of these levels, including cultural norms of typical and atypical behavior, culture‐specific approaches to parenting, mental health literacy, cultural beliefs, attitudes and stigma, as well as the affordability, availability, accessibility, and acceptability of services. This framework, mapping out the cultural and contextual factors that can affect the identification, help‐seeking, and diagnosis of ASD may function as a springboard for the development of culturally appropriate autism screening and diagnostic instruments, and inform future cross‐cultural autism research directions. The framework also has relevance for clinicians and policy makers aiming to improve support for underserved autism populations worldwide. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1029‐1050. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe vast majority of autism research is conducted in western high‐income settings. We therefore know relatively little of how culture and context can affect the identification, help‐seeking, and diagnosis of autism across the globe. This study synthesizes what is known from the autism research literature and a broader literature and maps out how culture and context may affect (a) the expression, (b) recognition, (c) interpretation, and (d) reporting of autism symptoms.
Biofuels from oilseed fruits using different thermochemical processes: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Cruz Glauber , Silva Arthur V. S. , Da Silva Julie B. S. , de Nazaré Caldeiras Regina , de Souza Maria E. P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe characterization of the physical–chemical properties and the thermal behavior of oilseed fruits for biofuels production has gained interest in the scientific community and society more generally, in particular with regard to their use as partial replacements for fossil fuels and for the possible reduction of air pollutants that cause problems for human health, animals, and plants. These oilseed fruits, which are rich in lipids, triglycerides, fatty acids, carotenoids, and other greasy compounds, can be transformed into solid, liquid, and gaseous products by different thermochemical conversion processes (conventional combustion, pyrolysis, oxy‐fuel combustion, gasification and transesterification). This review investigates the different oleaginous feedstocks commonly found in the forests and plantations of Brazil – for example, olive stones, palm fruits, babassu coconut, macauba fruits, tucumã seeds and soybeans, and the respective residues generated from biofuel production and manufacturing processes. The main opportunities and challenges associated with the use of biofuels produced from these oilseed fruits lie in the fact that internal combustion engines using fossil fuels do not need to undergo modifications and mechanical adaptations to operate, and there is no corrosion risk and / or deterioration of metallic parts. Biofuels produce less greenhouse gas, or their pollution is considered neutral. Finally, the native forests of Brazil and the world present a vast number of different oleaginous species that still need be studied because they have excellent potential to be used as biofuels, as they are renewable energy sources and are sustainably eco‐friendly. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Non‐carbon loss long‐term continuous lactic acid production from mixed sugars using thermophilic Enterococcus faecium QU 50
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Mohamed Ali , Tan Jiaming , Tashiro Yukihiro , Zendo Takeshi , Sakai Kenji , Sonomoto Kenji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, a non‐sterile (open) continuous fermentation (OCF) process with no‐carbon loss was developed to improve lactic acid (LA) productivity and operational stability from the co‐utilization of lignocellulose‐derived sugars by thermophilic Enterococcus faecium QU 50. The effects of different sugar mixtures on LA production were firstly investigated in conventional OCF at 50°C, pH 6.5 and a dilution rate of 0.20 hr−1. The xylose consumption ratio was greatly lower than that of glucose in fermentations with glucose/xylose mixtures, indicating apparent carbon catabolite repression (CCR). However, CCR could be efficiently eliminated by feeding solutions containing the cellobiose/xylose mixture. In OCF at a dilution rate ca. 0.10 hr−1, strain QU 50 produced 42.6 g L−1 of l‐LA with a yield of 0.912 g g−1‐consumed sugars, LA yield of 0.655 g g−1 based on mixed sugar‐loaded, and a productivity of 4.31 g L−1 hr−1 from simulated energy cane hydrolyzate. In OCF with high cell density by cell recycling, simultaneous and complete co‐utilization of sugars was achieved with stable LA production at 60.1 ± 3.25 g L−1 with LA yield of 0.944 g g−1‐consumed sugar and LA productivity of 6.49 ± 0.357 g L−1 hr−1. Besides this, a dramatic increase in LA yield of 0.927 g g−1 based on mixed sugar‐loaded with prolonged operational stability for at least 500 hr (>20 days) was established. This robust system demonstrates an initial green step with a no‐carbon loss under energy‐saving toward the feasibility of sustainable LA production from lignocellulosic sugars.
A novel approach to evaluate ELISA antibody coverage of host cell proteins—combining ELISA‐based immunocapture and mass spectrometry
Authors: Pilely Katrine , Nielsen Solveig B. , Draborg Anette , Henriksen Maiken L. , Hansen Søren W. K. , Skriver Lars , Mørtz Ejvind , Lund Rikke R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMonitoring host cell proteins (HCPs) is one of the most important analytical requirements in production of recombinant biopharmaceuticals to ensure product purity and patient safety. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the standard method for monitoring HCP clearance. It is important to validate that the critical reagent of an ELISA, the HCP antibody, covers a broad spectrum of the HCPs potentially present in the purified drug substance. Current coverage methods for assessing HCP antibody coverage are based on 2D‐Western blot or immunoaffinity‐purification combined with 2D gel electrophoresis and have several limitations. In the present study, we present a novel coverage method combining ELISA‐based immunocapture with protein identification by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS): ELISA‐MS. ELISA‐MS is used to accurately determine HCP coverage of an early process sample by three commercially available anti‐Escherichia coli HCP antibodies, evading the limitations of current methods for coverage analysis, and taking advantage of the benefits of MS analysis. The results obtained comprise a list of individual HCPs covered by each HCP antibody. The novel method shows high sensitivity, high reproducibility, and enables tight control of nonspecific binding through inclusion of a species‐specific isotype control antibody. We propose that ELISA‐MS will be a valuable supplement to existing coverage methods or even a replacement. ELISA‐MS will increase the possibility of selecting the best HCP ELISA, thus improving HCP surveillance and resulting in a final HCP profile with the lowest achievable risk. Overall, this will be beneficial to both the pharmaceutical industry and patient safety.
Significant reading participation across multiple cohorts before and after the due date when using an interactive textbook
Authors: Liberatore Matthew W. , Chapman Kayla E. , Roach Katherine M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFor about a century, textbooks have provided a consistent framework for faculty to teach fundamental, common courses across colleges and universities. However, little quantification of students’ textbook reading is documented in higher education. An interactive textbook from zyBooks documents students reading through clicks. With large data sets, including three cohorts with over 280 students and 280,000 reading interactions, measurable differences between students were found using effort‐based reading analytics. Median textbook reading participation at the due date above 90%, which is significantly higher than reports and surveys in the literature. Reading participation increased with every higher final course grade, and a statistically significant difference in reading participation between B and C students was measured. Also, female students read statistically significantly more than male students. Additional reading data taken at the conclusion of the semester found that many students completed reading without the incentive of earning a course grade. Median reading participation increased after the due date, which encompassed 30 to 50 clicks by median and over 400 interactions for some students. Overall, interactive textbooks generate large data sets that monitor reading participation and reinforce proven study practices, such as spaced practice.
Management of a Periodontal Patient With Dermatomyositis: A Case Report
Authors: Wojcik Michael , López‐Torres Andrea , Neely Anthony , Haddow Michael , Kinaia Bassam 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionDermatomyositis is an uncommon inflammatory disease marked by muscle and joint weakness with skin rash. Dermatomyositis affects adults and children, with higher prevalence for females aged 40 to 60 years. Most common oral lesions include mucosal edema, erythema, and telangiectasia.Case PresentationA 51‐year‐old white female with an unremarkable medical history presented for periodontal evaluation in 2010. She reported a 6‐month history of gingival inflammation and skin irritation on her hands and a rash on the center of her chest and forehead. Other complaints included fatigue, hot flashes, decreased appetite, and weight loss. Periodontal examination revealed generalized acute marginal erythema, with localized slight incipient bone loss. Oral hygiene was deemed good to fair. Oral hygiene instructions were reviewed and a prescription for chlorhexidine gluconate was given. The patient was then referred to an allergist and dermatologist where a diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made. After the initial diagnosis, localized scaling and root planing was performed using local anesthetic. The patient was managed medically using prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, and methotrexate and a 3‐month periodontal maintenance recall interval. The patient remained stable over an 8‐year period.ConclusionsDermatomyositis is an uncommon inflammatory disease that requires medical and dental teams for proper diagnosis and management. Although the condition is chronic in nature with no definitive cure, signs, and symptoms can be managed with steroids and immunosuppressants to delay progression of the disease and improve quality of life for the patient.
Up‐regulation of microRNA‐574 attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐ or cecal ligation and puncture‐induced sepsis associated with acute lung injury
Authors: Sun Wenwen , Li Hong , Gu Jin 
Published: February 2020

Acute lung injury (ALI) is the most vulnerable organ in sepsis, however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit‐8 and flow cytometry. The expressions of miR‐574, Complement 3 (C3), glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Caspase‐12 were determined using quantitative real time (qRT)‐PCR and Western blot. Histopathology of mice was stained by haematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin (IL)‐1β were determined using ELISA. The expression of miR‐574 was positively correlated with cell viability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated cells. Cell viability was improved and apoptosis was inhibited by mimics. Meanwhile, the levels of GRP78, CHOP and Caspase‐12 were suppressed by mimics and agomir in LPS‐treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)‐treated mice. In vivo, lung tissue damages were ameliorated by agomir, which also decreased the levels of neutrophils, macrophages and albumin. C3 was a target gene of miR‐574 and could be decreased by mimics. SiC3 enhanced cell viability and inhibited apoptosis, however, it suppressed the mRNA levels of GRP78, CHOP and Caspase‐12. Up‐regulation of miR‐574 attenuated sepsis‐induced lung injury may be by promoting C3 down‐regulation and reducing sepsis‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Significance of the studyClinically, the mortality rate of ALI induced by sepsis remains at a high level, thus, clarifying the mechanism of induction of ALI through pathogen infection will provide a new target for clinical treatment of ALI. In this study, up‐regulation of miR‐574 attenuated sepsis‐induced lung injury may be by promoting C3 down‐regulation and reducing sepsis‐induced ERS. Our study provides a deeper understanding of sepsis.
Stable Complete Water Splitting by Covalent Triazine‐based Framework CTF‐0
Authors: Kong Dan , Xie Jijia , Guo Zhengxiao , Yang Dongyuan , Tang Junwang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractD. K and J. T thank the financial support from UK EPSRC (EP/N009533/1), Royal Society‐Newton Advanced Fellowship grant (NA170422) and the Leverhulme Trust (RPG‐2017‐122). D. K is also grateful for financial support by the UCL Engineering Dean's Prize and the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) for a PhD studentship.
Recent Progress of P2‐Type Layered Transition‐Metal Oxide Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Zhengbo , Xu Xijun , Ji Shaomin , Zeng Liyan , Zhang Dechao , Liu Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention due to their abundance, easy accessibility, and low cost. All of these advantages make them potential candidates for large‐scale energy storage. The P2‐type layered transition‐metal oxides (NaxTMO2; TM=Mn, Co, Ni, Ti, Fe, V, Cr, and a mixture of multiple elements) exhibit good Na+ ion conductivity and structural stability, which make them an excellent choice for the cathode materials of SIBs. Herein, the structural evolution, anionic redox reaction, some challenges, and recent progress of NaxTMO2 cathodes for SIBs are reviewed and summarized. Moreover, a detailed understanding of the relationship of chemical components, structures, phase compositions, and electrochemical performance is presented. This Review aims to provide a reference for the development of P2‐type layered transition‐metal oxide cathode materials for SIBs.
Flexible Metal Oxide Semiconductor Devices Made by Solution Methods
Authors: Jo Jeong‐Wan , Kang Seung‐Han , Heo Jae Sang , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Park Sung Kyu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFor the fabrication of next‐generation flexible metal oxide devices, solution‐based methods are considered as a promising approach because of their potential advantages, such as high‐throughput, large‐area scalability, low‐cost processing, and easy control over the chemical composition. However, to obtain certain levels of electrical performance, a high process temperature is essential, which can significantly limit its application in flexible electronics. Therefore, this article discusses recent research conducted on developing low‐temperature, solution‐processed, flexible, metal oxide semiconductor devices, from a single thin‐film transistor device to fully integrated circuits and systems. The main challenges of solution‐processed metal oxide semiconductors are introduced. Recent advances in materials, processes, and semiconductor structures are then presented, followed by recent advances in electronic circuits and systems based on these semiconductors, including emerging flexible energy‐harvesting devices for self‐powered systems that integrate displays, sensors, data‐storage units, and information processing functions.
Structural Elucidation of Silver(I) Amides and Their Application as Catalysts in the Hydrosilylation and Hydroboration of Carbonyls
Authors: Orr Samantha A. , Kelly John A. , Boutland Aaron J. , Blair Victoria L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study details the isolation and characterisation of three novel silver(I) amides in solution and solid‐state, [Ag(Cy3P)(HMDS)] 2, [Ag(Cy3P){N(TMS)(Dipp)}] 3 and [Ag(Cy3P)2(NPh2)] 4. Their catalytic abilities have proved successful in hydroboration and hydrosilylation reactions with a full investigation performed with complex 2. Both protocols proceed under mild conditions, displaying exceptional functional‐group tolerance and chemoselectivity, in excellent conversions at competitive reaction times. This work reveals the first catalytic hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones performed by a silver(I) catalyst.