bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fine needle aspiration cytology of primary and metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Authors: Kapatia Gargi , Gupta Nalini , Saikia Uma Nahar , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Ojas , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind , Dey Pranab 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo explore the cytological spectrum of the gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) including its metastatic sites.Material and methodsA total of 42 patients (45 sites) diagnosed with GIST or its metastases on fine needle aspiration cytology were studied over a period of 5 years. May‐Grünwald Giemsa‐ and haematoxylin and eosin‐stained smears were reviewed and analysed for the cytomorphological spectrum of GIST.ResultsPrimary GIST alone was seen in 24 cases, E‐GIST in eight cases and metastasis in 11 cases (one patient showing metastasis at two distinct sites), whereas concurrent primary and metastatic lesions were noted in two cases. Amongst primary sites, the most commonly affected location was stomach (n = 22), followed by ileum (n = 2), duodenum (n = 1) and rectum (n = 1). Extra‐GIST was seen in retroperitoneum and pelvis (n = 3 each), omentum and mediastinum (n = 1 each). Fine needle aspiration cytology was done from 11 metastatic sites of GIST which included liver, gall bladder fossa, chest wall, and thigh. The classic spindle cell arrangement was the predominant cytological pattern. About 8.8% cases showed predominant epithelioid cell morphology and 15.5% cases had a mixed cytomorphology comprising of both spindle cell and epithelioid cell patterns. Nuclear pseudoinclusions, perinuclear vacuoles and multinucleation were seen in four cases. Immunocytochemistry on cell‐block sections for confirmation was performed in 18 cases and all these cases showed strong c‐KIT positivity.ConclusionIn this largest case series of cytomorphological diagnosis of GIST, we describe the cytomorphology and immunocytochemistry of primary and metastatic GIST. GISTs with predominant epithelioid cell morphology may pose a diagnostic dilemma therefore in all suspected cases of GIST, immunocytochemistry for c‐KIT and/or DOG1 should be employed on cell‐block preparations to confirm the diagnosis of GIST.
Psychiatric hospitalization following psychosis onset: A retrospective cohort study using health administrative data
Authors: Rodrigues Rebecca , Beswick Adam , Anderson Kelly K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimThere is limited evidence examining admissions in early psychosis. We sought to estimate the proportion of people with a psychiatric admission within 2 years of the first diagnosis of psychosis, and to identify associated risk factors.MethodWe constructed a cohort of incident non‐affective psychosis cases using health administrative data and identified the first psychiatric hospitalization after psychosis onset. We compared hospitalization rates across sociodemographic, clinical and service‐use factors.ResultsOne in three patients had an admission within 2 years of first diagnosis. Younger age, migrant status, diagnosis of psychosis not otherwise specified, and prior substance use were associated with increased hospitalization rates, whereas family physician involvement in diagnosis was protective.ConclusionsAdolescents, immigrants and people presenting with diagnostic instability or prior substance use issues may benefit from interventions aimed at reducing hospitalization risk. Increasing primary care access and utilization among youth with early psychosis may also reduce hospitalization rates.
Learning across silos: Design Factories as hubs for co‐creation
Authors: Björklund Tua A. , Keipi Teo , Celik Sine , Ekman Kalevi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCollaboration through innovation is central to the discussion of how today's universities can respond to new interdisciplinary challenges, competitive environments and stakeholder complexity. Innovation hubs represent a dynamic example of how the public sector, including higher education, is responding to the need for new methods and perspectives that foster desired intra‐institutional change. This study examines one of these types of platforms, the Design Factory Global Network originating at Aalto University, in order to shed light on key enablers and barriers to furthering collaborative efforts within higher education. Based on 25 in‐depth interviews with 17 Design Factories, including perspectives from students, staff and educators, the findings show that institutional policy fostering flexibility, securing a physical cross‐disciplinary and multi‐purpose collaborative space, upper level support and building community are all vital in ensuring design‐driven experimentation that contributes to the effectiveness of higher education.
Is the walk ratio a window to the cerebellum in multiple sclerosis? A structural magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Kalron A. , Menascu S. , Givon U. , Dolev M. , Achiron A. 
Published: November 2019

Background and purposeExisting research studies have demonstrated a relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) neuroimaging measures and walking speed in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). However, to date there are no data as to the brain structures involved in gait coordination and control in PwMS. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the association between walk ratio, an indicator of gait coordination, and related brain structures in PwMS.MethodsA brain MRI was performed by a 3.0‐T MR scanner in conjunction with a volumetric analysis based on three‐dimensional T1‐weighted images. Regions of interest were volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala, putamen, caudate, pallidum, thalamus, cerebellum and the corpus callosum regions. Walking speed and walk ratio, defined as step length divided by step rate, was measured whilst walking on an electronic walkway.ResultsIn all, 343 PwMS (41.1 ± 13.4 years, 69.1% female, median Expanded Disability Status Scale 2.5) were included in the study. A significant association was found between the left cerebellum volume and walk ratio after controlling for age, gender, total cranial volume and disability; R2 = 0.379, P = 0.002. A similar association was found between the right cerebellum volume and walk ratio, R2 = 0.364, P = 0.002. No correlations were observed between walk ratio and the thalamus, basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala and the corpus callosum volumes. No association was found between walking speed and all brain measures.ConclusionsThe walk ratio should be considered when evaluating and assessing PwMS presenting with ataxia. Furthermore, it is also hypothesized that a low walk ratio indicates a lower cerebellum volume in the MS population.
Machine learning and asset allocation
Authors: Routledge Bryan R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInvestors have access to a large array of structured and unstructured data. We consider how these data can be incorporated into financial decisions through the lens of the canonical asset allocation decision. We characterize investor preference for simplicity in models of the data used in the asset allocation decision. The simplicity parameters then guide asset allocation along with the usual risk aversion parameter. We use three distinct and diverse macroeconomic data sets to implement the model to forecast equity returns (the equity risk premium). The data sets we use are (a) price‐dividend ratios, (b) an array of macroeconomic series, and (c) text data from the Federal Reserve's Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meetings.
Impact of self‐reflection and awareness‐raising on novice French learners’ pronunciation
Authors: Meritan Camille , Mroz Aurore 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDeveloping intelligible pronunciation is an important goal for language learners. Although it can be fostered through explicit instruction in communicative‐based courses, instructors need practical solutions to address their learners’ pronunciation individually. This one‐semester quasi‐experimental mixed methods study of 60 Generation Z novice French learners examined whether and how self‐reflection could be an effective learning strategy and an efficient complement in supporting the development of intelligible production of two phonological aspects (/y/‐/u/ and mandatory liaisons). Results of pre/post production tests for a treatment group (explicit instruction with self‐reflections) and a comparison group (explicit instruction only) were compared and responses to guided, open‐ended self‐reflections framed by the Awareness Continuum theory served to document students’ learning process. Self‐reflection resulted in significant production gains, particularly for learners who applied their attention and (multi‐)linguistic background to raise their phonological awareness.
Relationship between bovine carotid artery grafts for hemodialysis access and human leukocyte antigen sensitization
Authors: Dyer‐Kindy Lindsay M. , Heelan Gladden Alicia A. , Gralla Jane , McCormick Nicole D. , Jenks Colin , Cooper James , Kennealey Peter T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionBovine carotid artery (BCA) Artegraft is a biologic graft that can be utilized as a conduit for permanent hemodialysis access and has been shown to outperform polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. However, concern regarding immunologic sensitization may limit the use of BCA in the transplant candidate. Panel reactive antibody (PRA) is an immunological test utilized in transplant recipient selection whereas increases in PRA limit access to transplantation. The purpose of our study was to determine whether BCA graft placement was adversely associated with increases in PRA.MethodsOf patients listed for kidney transplant at our institution, we identified 10 patients who underwent BCA placement for hemodialysis access and a matched cohort of 10 patients who underwent native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation between 2014 and 2017. The PRA value nearest to the surgery date was compared to postsurgery PRA value for the BCA and AVF patients using a paired t test. Presurgery PRAs were also compared to the maximum PRA at 0 to 6, 6 to 12, 12 to 18, and 18 to 24 months postsurgery.FindingsPrior to the dialysis access operation, the mean PRA was 14.1% ± 23.5% vs. 17.1% ± 29.0% (P = 0.76) and the median postsurgery follow‐up time was 16 and 15 months for BCA and AVF cohorts, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between presurgery and postsurgery PRA for BCA and AVF patients, regardless of time interval postsurgery. The difference in presurgery/postsurgery PRA change between cohorts was not statistically significant for PRAs closest to surgery (0.2% ± 40.6% vs. 1.0% ± 2.8%, P = 0.95, at a median 4 and 3 months postsurgery, respectively) or when using the maximum in any postsurgery interval. Prior to their dialysis access surgery, there were 16 sensitizing events in 5 patients in the BCA group compared to 10 events in 5 patients in the AVF group (P = 0.20). Only 1 of the 10 patients in the BCA group had a clinically relevant and sustained increase in PRA following their dialysis access operation vs. no patients in the AVF group (P > 0.99). However, this patient had a known sensitizing event (blood transfusion) between the BCA surgery and the postoperative PRA. Three of 10 patients in the BCA cohort vs. 5 of 10 patients in the AVF cohort went on to have successful kidney transplants (P = 0.65).DiscussionThe utilization of BCA for dialysis access was not associated with statistically significant changes in PRA. These data suggest that implantation of BCA will not affect access to organ transplantation.
Feeding strategy, dietary overlap and resource partitioning among four mesopredatory catfishes of a tropical estuary
Authors: Maitra Saswata , Harikrishnan Mahadevan , Nidhin Balachandran 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe feeding strategy, overlap and trophic interactions of four demersal catfishes inhabiting Cochin Estuary, Arius maculatus (n = 67), A. subrostratus (n = 63), A. arius (n = 21) and Mystus gulio (n = 69) were investigated through gut‐content analyses. The indices of relative importance revealed that the prey items in their stomachs were dominated by crustaceans except in A. arius where molluscs constituted the major prey item. The highest diet and niche breadth values (3.93, 0.36 respectively) were recorded in A. subrostratus, while the lowest was recorded in A. arius (2.64, 0.23 respectively). Pianka's overlap, calculated through null models constructed by Ecosim 7.0, revealed significant niche overlap between A. maculatus and A. subrostratus (O–0.91, P < 0.001), between A. maculatus and M. gulio (O–0.72, P < 0.05) and between A. subrostratus and M.gulio (O–0.64 P < 0.05). However, no overlap was recorded between A. arius and other species. The trophic niche breadth along with prey specific abundance confirmed that these fishes are highly specific feeders. The present results on trophic level status indicate that these catfishes are mid‐level carnivores that can be considered as moderate benthic mesopredators and are specialist feeders unlike most catfishes.
Effect of Refractance Window on dehydration of osmotically pretreated apple slices: Color and texture evaluation
Authors: Hernández Yossebann , Ramírez Cristian , Moreno Jorge , Núñez Helena , Vega Oscar , Almonacid Sergio , Pinto Marlene , Fuentes Lida , Simpson Ricardo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research was to explore the advantages of apple slices dehydration (cv. Granny Smith) using a Refractance Window (RW) with and without osmotic dehydration as pretreatment and compared with conventional hot‐air drying considering the quality attributes such as color and texture. For pretreatment, the apple slices were osmotically dehydrated and coupled to a moderate electric field (9.3 V/cm) using a sucrose solution (45°Brix) at 40°C until an Aw = 0.95 was achieved. Then, apple slices (with and without pretreatment) were dehydrated using RW at 55, 75, and 95°C and compared with conventional hot‐air drying at 55°C as a control. The results showed that with dehydration using RW, both with and without pretreatment at 95°C, it was possible to achieve a similar quality of apple slices when compared with conventional hot‐air drying at 55°C, but with a significant reduction in processing time. Additionally, the dehydration process using RW presented anomalous diffusion behavior on apple slices with an α > 1.Practical applicationsRefractance Window (RW) is a technology used for dehydration of fruit and vegetables slices and pulp based on the refractance properties of wet materials. RW has reported promising results in processing time reduction as compared with conventional dehydration methods. In addition, the quality of the end products by RW is higher as compared with conventional drying methods. In this research, we have showed that the final product (dehydrated apple slices) using RW attained quality values (color and texture) similar to those obtained with osmotic dehydration (OD) coupled with moderate electric field (MEF)/hot‐air drying. However, the time spent by RW (50 min) was much lower than OD coupled with MEF/hot‐air drying (240 min). Then, the main advantage of RW is the capacity to dehydrate fruit and vegetables materials using temperatures around 100°C, which allow both, reduce processing time and also attain high‐quality retention.
Living in the Community With Dementia: Who Receives Paid Care?
Authors: Reckrey Jennifer M. , Morrison R. Sean , Boerner Kathrin , Szanton Sarah L. , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Leff Bruce , Ornstein Katherine A. 
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVESPaid caregivers (eg, home health aides and personal care attendants) provide hands‐on care that helps individuals with dementia live in the community. This study (a) characterizes paid caregiving among community‐dwelling individuals with dementia and (b) identifies factors associated with receipt of paid care.DESIGNCross‐sectional analysis.SETTINGThe 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a nationally representative study of Medicare recipients aged 65 years and older.PARTICIPANTSCommunity‐dwelling individuals with dementia (n = 899).MEASUREMENTSPaid and family caregiving support was determined by participant or proxy report of help received with functional tasks. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with receipt of paid care. NHATS population sampling weights were used to produce national paid caregiving prevalence estimates.RESULTSOnly 25.5% of community‐dwelling individuals with dementia received paid care, and 10.8% received 20 hours or more of paid care per week. For those who received it, paid care accounted for approximately half of the 83 total caregiving hours (paid and family) that they received each week. Among the subgroup of individuals with advanced dementia (those with impairment in dressing, bathing, toileting, and managing medications and finances), nearly half (48.3%) received paid care. Multivariable analysis, adjusting for sociodemographic, family caregiving support, functional, and clinical characteristics, found that the odds of receiving paid care were higher among men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24‐2.95), the unmarried (OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.31‐3.70), those with Medicaid (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.27‐3.66), and those requiring more help with activities of daily living (ADLs) (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.18‐1.48) and instrumental ADLs (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.14‐1.46).CONCLUSIONSNew ways of making paid caregiving more accessible throughout the income spectrum are required to support family caregivers and respect the preferences of individuals with dementia to remain living in the community. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:186–191, 2019
A rapid measurement method for structured surface in white light interferometry
Authors: LEI ZILI , LIU XIAOJUN , ZHAO LI , YANG WENJUN , CHEN CHENG , GUO XIAOTING 
Published: November 2019

SummaryWhite light interferometry (WLI) is an effective and widely‐used technique for structured surface measurement. However, it requires multiframe interferograms with vertical scanning to realise large‐scale measurement, which is time consuming and computationally intensive. This paper proposes a rapid surface measurement method to realise surface recovery with a single interferogram by white light interferometry. First, the feasibility to solve the wrapped phase of a single white‐light interferogram by Hilbert transform is certified. Then, unwrapped phases against zero optical path difference position (OPD) are achieved by a zero optical path difference detection algorithm applied to unwrapping process, which provides efficient surface recovery. To ensure the accuracy of phase solution in the proposed method, the necessary number and width of the interference fringes in the interferogram are analysed and determined based on Hilbert transform and sampling analysis. Finally, measurement results of a standard step sample and a standard reticle template are presented, which prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.Lay DescriptionAs an effective and widely‐used technique for structured surface measurement, white light interferometry (WLI) has the major advantage to measure noncontinuous surfaces using the short coherence length of a wide bandwidth source. However, frequently vertical scanning is required to get series of white light interferograms at different axial positions for surface recovery by recovered algorithms. The vertical scanning process is complicated and time consuming. This paper proposes a fast and efficient method to realise rapid surface measurement using only a single‐frame interferogram based on WLI. First, the feasibility of using only one single white light interferogram to solve wrapped phases by Hilbert transform (HT) is discussed. Next, unwrapping process and zero optical path difference（OPD） detection algorithms are combined to unwrap phases against zero OPD position, which makes the structured surface recovery much easier. After that, the feasible number and width of interference fringes are determined based on sampling analysis and HT to guarantee the reliability and accuracy of phase solution in the proposed method. Finally, the accuracy and efficiency of this method is verified by measurement experiments of a standard step sample and a standard reticle template.
Factors Associated With Primary Family Caregivers’ Perceptions on Quality of Family‐Centered Care in Mental Health Practice
Authors: Hsiao Chiu‐Yueh , Lu Huei‐Lan , Tsai Yun‐Fang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to examine the quality of family‐centered care perceived by primary family caregivers and its influencing factors in mental healthcare practice.DesignA cross‐sectional, correlational study.MethodsA convenience sample of 121 mental health nurses and 164 primary family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia was recruited from acute psychiatric wards and chronic psychiatric rehabilitation wards in three psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan. Structured questionnaires for mental health nurses were designed to examine nurses’ attitudes toward schizophrenia and the importance of families in nursing care. Primary family caregivers were assessed to determine their perceptions of quality of family‐centered care. At least one primary family caregiver of patients was matched to a nurse who took major responsibility for the patient during the hospitalization. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product‐moment correlations, independent t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance, and stepwise regression analyses.ResultsQuality of family‐centered care perceived by primary family caregivers regarding the provision of general and specific information, as compared to enabling and partnership, coordinated and comprehensive care, and respectful and supportive care, was relatively inadequate. Younger and more educated primary family caregivers, having relatives with schizophrenia in acute wards, less supportive nurses’ attitudes toward schizophrenia, and the importance of family in nursing care were correlated with poor primary family caregivers’ perceptions of quality of family‐centered care. Nurses’ supportive attitudes toward schizophrenia and chronic psychiatric rehabilitation wards where patients received care were key factors in determining better quality of family‐centered care.ConclusionsFindings provide a platform for the development of effective continuing education and training programs to equip mental health nurses with supportive attitudes toward mental illness and an integration of the family in nursing care, which will ultimately improve mental health care for families experiencing mental health problems.Clinical RelevanceEfforts in professional training to address stigma and encourage a family‐centered approach into recovery‐oriented practice for practicing mental healthcare providers, including mental health nurses, are recommended.