bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic performance of endothelial biomarkers to early predict clinical deterioration of patients with suspected bacterial infection and sepsis admitted to the emergency department
Authors: Lafon Thomas , Cazalis Marie-Angélique , Vallejo Christine , Tazarourte Karim , Blein Sophie , Pachot Alexandre , Laterre Pierre-François , Laribi Said , François Bruno ,   the TRIAGE study group, Textoris Julien , Kaiser Karine , Barbier Laurence , Jacquin Laurent , Douplat Marion , Nicol Amélie , Delaroche Marine , Jacquet Landry , Chapelle-Petit Nathalie , Chekaoui Abdel , Verschuren Franck , Fabry Manon , Gissot Valérie , Magnan Julie , Daix Thomas , Desachy Arnaud , Vignon Philippe , Goudelin Marine , Evrard Bruno , Laure Fedou Anne , Desmettre Thibault , Jardin François , Claire Montini Anne , Colonna Anaïs , Bertrand Lionel , Maignan Maxime , Viglino Damien , Sebbane Mustapha , Remize Jacques , Anoot Caroline , Frey Jérome , Pancher Agathe , Takun Khalil , Dumas Florence , Lambert Yves , Koukabi Mehrsa , Measso Sabrina , Dalle Ludovic , Dupeux Olivier , Duconge Antoine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of endothelial biomarkers to early predict clinical deterioration of patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with a suspected sepsis. This was a prospective, multicentre, international study conducted in EDs. Adult patients with suspected acute bacterial infection and sepsis were enrolled but only those with confirmed infection were analysed. The kinetics of biomarkers and organ dysfunction were collected at T0, T6 and T24 hours after ED admission to assess prognostic performances of sVEGFR2, suPAR and procalcitonin (PCT). The primary outcome was the deterioration within 72 h and was defined as a composite of relevant outcomes such as death, intensive care unit admission and/or SOFA score increase validated by an independent adjudication committee.

Results
After adjudication of 602 patients, 462 were analysed including 124 who deteriorated (27%). On admission, those who deteriorated were significantly older (73 [60–82] vs 63 [45–78] y-o, p < 0.001) and presented significantly higher SOFA scores (2.15 ± 1.61 vs 1.56 ± 1.40, p = 0.003). At T0, sVEGFR2 (5794 [5026–6788] vs 6681 [5516–8059], p < 0.0001), suPAR (6.04 [4.42–8.85] vs 4.68 [3.50–6.43], p < 0.0001) and PCT (7.8 ± 25.0 vs 5.4 ± 17.9 ng/mL, p = 0.001) were associated with clinical deterioration. In multivariate analysis, low sVEGFR2 expression and high suPAR and PCT levels were significantly associated with early deterioration, independently of confounding parameters (sVEGFR2, OR = 1.53 [1.07–2.23], p < 0.001; suPAR, OR = 1.57 [1.21–2.07], p = 0.003; PCT, OR = 1.10 [1.04–1.17], p = 0.0019). Combination of sVEGFR2 and suPAR had the best prognostic performance (AUC = 0.7 [0.65–0.75]) compared to clinical or biological variables.

Conclusions
sVEGFR2, either alone or combined with suPAR, seems of interest to predict deterioration of patients with suspected bacterial acute infection upon ED admission and could help front-line physicians in the triage process.
Association between vegetable consumption and calf venous compliance in healthy young adults
Authors: Oue Anna , Iimura Yasuhiro , Maeda Kotose , Yoshizaki Takahiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Venous compliance decreases with aging and/or physical inactivity, which is thought to be involved partly in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease such as hypertension. This suggests that it is important to maintain high venous compliance from a young age in order to prevent cardiovascular disease. Both nutrient and exercise could play an important role in the improvement and maintenance of vascular health. Indeed, habitual endurance exercise is known to improve the venous compliance, although little is known about the effect of diet on venous compliance. Considering that higher consumption of vegetables could contribute to the arterial vascular health and the decreased blood pressure, it is hypothesized that venous compliance may be greater as vegetable intake is higher. Thus, the purpose of this study was to clarify the association between vegetable intake and venous compliance in healthy young adults.

Methods
Dietary intake was assessed in 94 subjects (male: n = 44, female: n = 50) using a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ). Intakes of nutrients and food groups that were obtained from the DHQ were adjusted according to total energy intake using the residual method. Based on the adjusted intake of food groups, total vegetable intake was calculated as the sum of green/yellow and white vegetables consumed. Calf volume was measured using venous occlusion plethysmography with a cuff deflation protocol. Calf venous compliance was calculated as the numerical derivative of the cuff pressure–calf volume curve. In addition, circulatory responses (heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure) at resting and maximal oxygen uptake were assessed in all subjects.

Results
Mean value of total vegetables intake was 162.2 ± 98.2 g/day. Simple linear regression analysis showed that greater venous compliance was significantly associated with higher total vegetable consumption (r = 0.260, P = 0.011) and green/yellow vegetable intake (r = 0.351, P = 0.001) but not white vegetable intake (r = 0.013, P = 0.902). These significant associations did not change in the multivariate linear regression models which were adjusted by sex and maximal oxygen uptake.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that higher consumption of vegetables, especially of the green/yellow vegetables, may be associated with greater venous compliance in young healthy adults.
The community structure and microbial linkage of rumen protozoa and methanogens in response to the addition of tea seed saponins in the diet of beef cattle
Authors: Tan Cui , Ramírez-Restrepo Carlos A. , Shah Ali Mujtaba , Hu Rui , Bell Matt , Wang Zhisheng , McSweeney Chris 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
This study investigated changes in rumen protozoal and methanogenic communities, along with the correlations among microbial taxa and methane (CH4) production of six Belmont Red Composite beef steers fed tea seed saponins (TSS). Animals were fed in three consecutive feeding periods, a high-grain basal diet for 14 d (BD period) then a period of progressive addition of TSS to the basal diet up to 30 g/d for 20 d (TSS period), followed by the basal diet for 13 d without TSS (BDP post-control period).

Results
The study found that TSS supplementation decreased the amount of the protozoal genus Entodinium and increased Polyplastron and Eudiplodinium genera. During BDP period, the protozoa community of steers did not return to the protozoal profiles observed in BD period, with higher proportions of Metadinium and Eudiplodinium and lower Isotricha. The addition of TSS was found to change the structure of methanogen community at the sub-genus level by decreasing the abundance of methanogens in the SGMT clade and increasing the abundance of methanogens in the RO clade. The correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of SGMT clade methanogens were positively correlated with Isotricha, and Isotricha genus and SGMT clade methanogens were positively correlated with CH4 production. While RO clade were positively correlated with the proportion of Metadinium genus, which was negatively correlated with CH4 emission.

Conclusions
These results suggest that different genera of rumen protozoa ciliates appear to be selectively inhibited by TSS, and the change in methanogen community at the subgenus level may be due to the mutualistic relationships between methanogens and rumen ciliates.
Cross-reaction of POC-CCA urine test for detection of Schistosoma mekongi in Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Homsana Anousin , Odermatt Peter , Southisavath Phonesavanh , Yajima Aya , Sayasone Somphou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test is increasingly used as a rapid diagnostic method for Schistosoma mansoni infection. The test has good sensitivity, although false positive results have been reported among pregnant women and patients with urine infections and hematuria. We validated the POC-CCA test’s ability to diagnose Schistosoma mekongi infection in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), where S. mekongi is endemic. Of particular interest was the test’s specificity and possible cross-reactivity with other helminth infections.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of children and adults in the provinces of Champasack (Schistosoma mekongi and Opisthorchis viverrini endemic), Savannakhet (O. viverrini endemic) and Luang Prabang (soil-transmitted helminths endemic) between October 2018 and April 2019. POC-CCA and urine dipstick tests were administered to all study participants, while an additional pregnancy test was offered to women. Two stool samples were collected from participants and examined with a Kato-Katz test (two smears per stool). Logistic regression was used to associate potential confounding factors (predictors) with POC-CCA test results (outcome).

Results
In S. mekongi-endemic Champasack, 11.5% (n = 366) and 0.5% (n = 2) of study participants had positive POC-CCA and Kato-Katz test results, respectively. Only one of the two Kato-Katz positive patients was also POC-CCA positive. In Champasack and Luang Prabang, where S. mekongi is not endemic, the POC-CCA test yielded (presumably) false positive results for 6.0% (n = 22) and 2.5% (n = 9) of study participants, respectively, while all of the Kato-Katz tests were negative. POC-CCA positive test results were significantly associated with O. viverrini infection (1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–2.77, P = 0.042), increased leukocytes (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.15–2.17, P = 0.005) and hematuria (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.07–2.10, P = 0.019) if the observed trace was counted as a positive test result. Two pregnant women from Champasack province had POC-CCA positive tests.

Conclusions
We observed a cross-reaction between the POC-CCA test and O. viverrini infection. To some extent, we can confirm previous observations asserting that POC-CCA provides false positive results among patients with urinary tract infections and hematuria. In S. mekongi-endemic areas, POC-CCA can be applied cautiously for surveillance purposes, keeping in mind the considerable risk of false positive results and its unknown sensitivity.
Prominent microglial inclusions in transgenic mouse models of α-synucleinopathy that are distinct from neuronal lesions
Authors: Tanriöver Gaye , Bacioglu Mehtap , Schweighauser Manuel , Mahler Jasmin , Wegenast-Braun Bettina M. , Skodras Angelos , Obermüller Ulrike , Barth Melanie , Kronenberg-Versteeg Deborah , Nilsson K. Peter R. , Shimshek Derya R. , Kahle Philipp J. , Eisele Yvonne S. , Jucker Mathias 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlpha-synucleinopathies are a group of progressive neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by intracellular deposits of aggregated α-synuclein (αS). The clinical heterogeneity of these diseases is thought to be attributed to conformers (or strains) of αS but the contribution of inclusions in various cell types is unclear. The aim of the present work was to study αS conformers among different transgenic (TG) mouse models of α-synucleinopathies. To this end, four different TG mouse models were studied (Prnp-h[A53T]αS; Thy1-h[A53T]αS; Thy1-h[A30P]αS; Thy1-mαS) that overexpress human or murine αS and differed in their age-of-symptom onset and subsequent disease progression. Postmortem analysis of end-stage brains revealed robust neuronal αS pathology as evidenced by accumulation of αS serine 129 (p-αS) phosphorylation in the brainstem of all four TG mouse lines. Overall appearance of the pathology was similar and only modest differences were observed among additionally affected brain regions. To study αS conformers in these mice, we used pentameric formyl thiophene acetic acid (pFTAA), a fluorescent dye with amyloid conformation-dependent spectral properties. Unexpectedly, besides the neuronal αS pathology, we also found abundant pFTAA-positive inclusions in microglia of all four TG mouse lines. These microglial inclusions were also positive for Thioflavin S and showed immunoreactivity with antibodies recognizing the N-terminus of αS, but were largely p-αS-negative. In all four lines, spectral pFTAA analysis revealed conformational differences between microglia and neuronal inclusions but not among the different mouse models. Concomitant with neuronal lesions, microglial inclusions were already present at presymptomatic stages and could also be induced by seeded αS aggregation. Although nature and significance of microglial inclusions for human α-synucleinopathies remain to be clarified, the previously overlooked abundance of microglial inclusions in TG mouse models of α-synucleinopathy bears importance for mechanistic and preclinical-translational studies.
Early steroid pulse therapy among children with influenza virus-associated encephalopathy
Authors: Hatachi Takeshi , Michihata Nobuaki , Takeuchi Muneyuki , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza virus-associated encephalopathy (IAE) can lead to neurological sequela and mortality among children. Therefore, instant recognition and therapeutic intervention for IAE are crucial. In some clinical subtypes of IAE, steroid pulse therapy might be beneficial, especially when it is administered in the early phase. However, early identification of patients who may benefit from steroid pulse therapy is sometimes difficult. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of early steroid pulse therapy among children with IAE.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we used a national database that covers half of the acute care inpatients across Japan to identify inpatients aged ≤ 18 years with a diagnosis of IAE between July 2010 and March 2017. Unfavorable outcome was defined as a composite outcome of sequela including Japan Coma Scale ≥ 10 at discharge, requiring tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation, enteral tube feeding, rehabilitation at discharge, or in-hospital death. Propensity score matching was performed to compare unfavorable outcome and in-hospital mortality between patients with and without steroid pulse therapy within 2 days of admission.ResultsAmong 692 patients included in the study, the mean age was 5.8 years, and 55.8% were male. The overall in-hospital mortality was 1.3%, and the proportion of the unfavorable outcome was 15.0%. We observed no significant difference in the unfavorable outcome between matched patients (168 patients in each group) with and without early steroid pulse therapy (13.7% vs 8.3%;P = 0.16) or in-hospital mortality (0.6% vs 1.2%;P = 1.0).ConclusionsWe did not observe the effectiveness of early steroid pulse therapy on patient outcomes among children with IAE in our study population including all clinical subtypes of IAE. Further studies considering severity of illness are warranted to determine whether steroid pulse therapy is beneficial, especially for specific clinical subtypes of IAE.
Evaluation of tropospheric ozone reanalyses with independent ozonesonde observations in East Asia
Authors: Park Sunmin , Son Seok-Woo , Jung Myung-Il , Park Jinkyung , Park Sang Seo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe modern reanalysis datasets provide not only meteorological variables, but also atmospheric chemical compositions such as tropospheric ozone and aerosol concentration. However, the quality of chemical compositions has been rarely assessed especially over East Asia. To better understand the characteristics of reanalysis datasets on regional scale, the present study evaluates tropospheric ozone derived from seven reanalyses against five independent ozonesonde observations in East Asia. The reanalysis datasets are the ECMWF Reanalysis 5th (ERA5), Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate reanalysis (MACCRA), Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service reanalysis (CAMSRA), as well as the NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), NASA Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA2), Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55), and updated Tropospheric Chemistry Reanalysis (TCR-2). It turns out that MACCRA, CAMSRA, and TCR-2, which incorporate chemical transport model, depict most reasonable spatio-temporal variability of tropospheric ozone in East Asia. The MACC exhibits a better quality with relatively small mean biases of 6.4 ± 1.3% in tropospheric column ozone than biases of 7.8 ± 2.7% and 7.8 ± 2.8% for CAMSRA and TCR-2. The CAMSRA further shows a significant monthly correlation with the observation of up to 0.7 at 850 hPa. Among the seven reanalyses, MACC, CAMSRA, and TCR-2 are suitable for local tropospheric ozone study on seasonal to inter-annual time scales. However, none of the seven reanalysis datasets reproduce the observed trend of tropospheric ozone. This result suggests that even the latest datasets are inadequate for the long-term ozone change study.
Typhoon-induced precipitation characterization over northern Japan: a case study for typhoons in 2016
Authors: Nayak Sridhara , Takemi Tetsuya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn August 2016, northern Japan was stuck by apparently unusual occurrence of the landfall of four typhoons and experienced record-breaking heavy precipitations. This study analyzed the extreme precipitations carried out by these four typhoons to understand their internal structure over northern Japan by computing the probability distributions of precipitation durations with their peak intensities exceeding a range of percentile thresholds starting from 70 to 99%. The main focus was on the duration and size of the extreme precipitations together with the precipitation structure over northern Japan during the passage of each of these four typhoons through different latitudinal locations. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the long-lasting and widespread extreme precipitations carried by individual typhoon and such information are crucial for prevention of and protection from typhoon-related hazards over Japan. We find that the typhoons landfalled over Hokkaido region exhibit similar characteristics of precipitation duration, while the typhoon landfalled over Tohoku region shows relatively long-lived precipitation durations. However, all the four typhoons show a robust feature in the precipitation sizes over northern Japan. The occurrence of heavy precipitations with intensity higher than 20–30 mm h−1is more frequent and last 6 to 9 h over northern Japan. These features may explain the excessive precipitations caused by each typhoon. The important information contained in this study is the duration and size of the precipitations induced by the typhoons vary depending on the landfalling region. However, the precipitation characteristics associated with all the three typhoons landfalled over Hokkaido show mostly robust features. This study gives a first step towards a description of the spatio-temporal characteristics of typhoon-induced precipitations and has an overall implication towards the future research that is needed for the assessment of typhoon-induced precipitation-related disasters in future warming climate.
Reliable energy and responsive built environment: the missing links in COVID-19 response in resource-limited settings
Authors: Rinkoo Arvind Vashishta , Songara Dinesh , Sharma Arnika , Patnaik Biswa Ranjan , Singh Rajesh Ranjan , Srivastava Rakesh Kumar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIrrespective of how the COVID-19 pandemic evolves over time across the globe, our past experiences with comparable zoonotic diseases demonstrate the significance of having resilient primary healthcare systems to successfully respond to public health emergencies. However, literature corroborates that in low- and middle-income countries, the primary healthcare systems are plagued with significant energy insecurity and inadequate built environment. These gaps in reliable energy and responsive built environment in primary healthcare systems are exacerbated during disruptive public health emergencies such as COVID-19. In this letter, we discuss the way forward to address these gaps and the policy and practical implications thereof.
Nitric oxide unravels the enigmatic function of the paranasal sinuses: a review of literature
Authors: Bazak Remon , Elwany Samy , Mina Amir , Donia Mostafa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The physiological functions of the paranasal sinuses are as yet unclear, and it is often assumed that these empty air-filled spaces have no vital function in our body. Recently, nitric oxide has been reported to be synthetized in high concentration by the paranasal sinuses which seems to be the main function of these air-filled empty spaces.

Body of abstract
The functional role of the paranasal sinuses is still ambiguous despite the several hypotheses that have been put forward to justify their existence. Although it has been recently demonstrated that the paranasal sinuses produce large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), otolaryngologists overwhelmed by attempting to unravel the enigmatic etiology underlying chronic rhinosinusitis have interpreted the high NO output in this context. Nevertheless, NO prime function is vasodilation and has long been recognized to be produced by the endothelial cells. In this review, evidence in the literature is piled and pieces of the puzzle are put together to show that NO synthesized in the paranasal sinuses functions as an airborne messenger that induces pulmonary vasodilation and thereby decreases the workload on the heart. Recognition that the paranasal sinuses are in fact an organ with known function is likely to foster further research and has an impact on our current surgical philosophy.

Conclusion
The paranasal sinuses seem to play a vital physiological role in our body rather than being evolutionary remnants as initially thought. They are likely responsible for regulating the pulmonary blood pressure thereby preventing pulmonary hypertension.
Calculation method and characteristic analysis of dispersion curves of Rayleigh channel waves in transversely isotropic media
Authors: Ji Guangzhong , Zhang Pingsong , Wu Rongxin , Guo Liquan , Hu Zean , Wu Haibo 
Published: August 2020

Coal seams have beddings and fissures and are typically anisotropic media. Current channel wave theories are mainly based on isotropic media, and few studies exist on the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh channel waves in anisotropic models, such as transversely isotropic (TI) media. We chose the generalized reflection-transmission coefficient method to solve the dispersion curves of Rayleigh channel waves in TI media. However, it is difficult to solve the associated dispersion equations of Rayleigh channel waves using this method directly. Therefore, we have extended the generalized reflection-transmission coefficient method and determined the improved accuracy through numerical simulation. We analyzed the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh channel waves of several typical coal seam models in TI media. The results showed that in the three-layer model, the difference in fundamental-mode dispersion curves between vertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media and isotropic media was relatively small; however, the differences in the higher order dispersion curves were slightly larger. The difference in the Airy phase velocity between horizontal transversely isotropic (HTI) and isotropic media was relatively large. When the coefficient of variation in the qP waves ([Formula: see text]) was greater than 0, the fundamental-mode and first-order phase velocity curves of HTI media exhibited an evident intersection at the head end. In the dirt-band-containing coal seam model, within the 350 and 550 Hz band, the high-frequency velocity of fundamental-mode phase velocity curve of isotropy and HTI media was slightly higher than the low-frequency velocity, which is a notable phenomenon.