bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographical differences in cancer treatment and survival for patients with oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junctional cancers
Authors: Jestin Hannan C , Linder G , Kung C-H , Johansson J , Lindblad M , Hedberg J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Only around one-quarter of patients with cancer of the oesophagus and the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) undergo surgical resection. This population-based study investigated the rates of treatment with curative intent and resection, and their association with survival.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with oesophageal and GOJ cancer between 2006 and 2015 in Sweden were identified from the National Register for Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer (NREV). The NREV was cross-linked with several national registries to obtain information on additional exposures. The annual proportion of patients undergoing treatment with curative intent and surgical resection in each county was calculated, and the counties divided into groups with low, intermediate and high rates. Treatment with curative intent was defined as definitive chemoradiation therapy or surgery, with or without neoadjuvant oncological treatment. Overall survival was analysed using a multilevel model based on county of residence at the time of diagnosis.

Results
Some 5959 patients were included, of whom 1503 (25·2 per cent) underwent surgery. Median overall survival after diagnosis was 7·7, 8·8 and 11·1 months respectively in counties with low, intermediate and high rates of treatment with curative intent. Corresponding survival times for the surgical resection groups were 7·4, 9·3 and 11·0 months. In the multivariable analysis, a higher rate of treatment with curative intent (time ratio 1·17, 95 per cent c.i. 1·05 to 1·30; P &lt; 0·001) and a higher resection rate (time ratio 1·24, 1·12 to 1·37; P &lt; 0·001) were associated with improved survival after adjustment for relevant confounders.

Conclusion
Patients diagnosed in counties with higher rates of treatment with curative intent and higher rates of surgery had better survival.
Alzheimer's amyloid‐β and tau protein accumulation is associated with decreased expression of the LDL receptor‐associated protein in human brain tissue
Authors: Shepherd Claire E. , Affleck Andrew J. , Bahar Anita Y. , Carew‐Jones Francine , Gregory Gillian , Small David H. , Halliday Glenda M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionOne of the major neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the accumulation of amyloid‐β (Aβ) protein in the brain. Evidence suggests that the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐associated protein (RAP) binds strongly to Aβ and enhances its cellular uptake and that decreased RAP expression correlates with increased Aβ production in animal models of AD.MethodsThe current study examined whether RAP levels change in AD human brain tissue and whether they are related to the amount of AD pathology. RAP and NeuN levels were determined by Western blot, while low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1), tau and Aβ levels were determined by ELISA in the temporal cortex of 17 AD and 16 control cases.ResultsAn increase in total Aβ and insoluble and soluble tau protein was observed in AD brain tissue. In contrast, RAP levels were significantly decreased in AD brain tissue compared to controls. Correlation analysis revealed that levels of RAP correlated with both total Aβ and soluble and insoluble tau levels. Neither LRP1 nor NeuN levels were significantly altered in AD brain tissue homogenates and did not correlate with Aβ or tau protein levels.ConclusionReduction in RAP may contribute to the accumulation and aggregation of Aβ in the AD brain.
Research on the construction and optimization of distributed Moodle course platform
Authors: Ma Yongqiang , Wang Shunli , Sun Wei , Yu Yandong , Bian Jing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe distributed Moodle course platform, a teaching platform of computer technology, has a positive driving force for the improvement of the teaching efficiency. To promote Chinese teaching in colleges and universities for the application of technology, the paper has summarized the theory of building a Moodle course platform. The platform for the curriculum system was constructed and applied in the process of teaching practice. Teaching effectiveness showed that students' performance was significantly improved after using the Moodle course platform, so the learning mode based on the Moodle course learning platform has strong feasibility. The purpose of this study is to provide reference and theoretical support for the improvement of the Chinese teaching model.
L‐Dex, arm volume, and symptom trajectories 24 months after breast cancer surgery
Authors: Ridner Sheila H. , Shah Chirag , Boyages John , Koelmeyer Louise , Ajkay Nicolas , DeSnyder Sarah M. , McLaughlin Sarah A. , Dietrich Mary S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeStudy objectives were to examine: (a) biomarker trajectories (change from presurgical baseline values of Lymphedema index (L‐Dex) units and arm volume difference) and symptom cluster scores 24 months after breast cancer surgery and (b) associations of these objective biomarkers and symptom cluster scores. Patient/treatment characteristics influencing trajectories were also evaluated.MethodsA secondary analysis of data from the published interim analysis of a randomized parent study was undertaken using trajectory analysis. Five hundred and eight participants included in the prior analysis with 24 months of postsurgical follow‐up were initially measured with bioelectric impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and tape measure (TM) and completed self‐report measures. Patients were reassessed postsurgery for continuing eligibility and then randomized to either BIS or TM groups and measured along with self‐report data at regular and optional* visits 3, 6,12,15*,18, 21*, and 24‐months.ResultsThree subclinical trajectories were identified for each biomarker (decreasing, stable, increasing) and symptom cluster scores (stable, slight increase/decrease, increasing). Subclinical lymphedema was identified throughout the 24‐month period by each biomarker. An L‐Dex increase at 15 months in the BIS group was noted. The self‐report sets demonstrated contingency coefficients of 0.20 (LSIDS‐A soft tissue, P = .031) and 0.19 (FACTB+4, P = .044) with the L‐Dex unit change trajectories.ConclusionsThese data support the need for long‐term (24 months) prospective surveillance with frequent assessments (every 3 months) at least 15 months after surgery. Statistically significant convergence of symptom cluster scores with L‐Dex unit change supports BIS as beneficial in the early identification of subclinical lymphedema.
Immersive walking in a virtual crowd: The effects of the density, speed, and direction of a virtual crowd on human movement behavior
Authors: Koilias Alexandros , Nelson Michael G. , Anagnostopoulos Christos‐Nikolaos , Mousas Christos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe investigated the movement behavior of participants walking within a virtual crowd in an immersive virtual environment. We investigated three different parameters that characterize a moving virtual crowd: density, speed, and direction. An immersive road‐crossing scenario that took place in a virtual metropolitan city was created. In this scenario, the participants were instructed to walk toward the opposite sidewalk. Three measurements (speed, deviation, and trajectory length) were used to evaluate the impact of the parameters assigned to the virtual crowd on the movement behavior of the participants. Significant results were found for both the main and interaction effects. The results suggested that the high density, low speed, and diagonal direction situations associated with the virtual crowd had the greatest impacts on the speed, deviation, and trajectory lengths of participants when they walked in a virtual environment and were surrounded by a moving virtual population.
Making one's religious self feel better about luxury use: The role of religiosity in choice of disposal option for luxury goods
Authors: Minton Elizabeth A. , Geiger‐Oneto Stephanie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile extant research examines the consumption of luxury products, consumers' methods for disposing of such products have yet to be examined, particularly as to how values drive disposal decisions. Through three studies, this research examines the influence of religious values, as measured by religiosity, on sustainable disposal options for luxury goods. Specifically, Study 1 shows that extrinsically (intrinsically) religious consumers are more likely to throw away (donate) luxury products after use. Study 2 examines the moderating influence of emotions to show that intrinsically (extrinsically) religious consumers are more (less) likely to use sustainable methods of product disposal for luxury and non‐luxury products alike after being primed to feel shame/guilt in comparison to a control condition. Study 3 uses mock social media ads for sustainable disposal programs by existing luxury brands to show that intrinsic religiosity (but not extrinsic religiosity) positively influences purchase intentions and brand attitudes toward brands offering disposal programs for their luxury goods. Additionally, Study 3 demonstrates that identity mediates this relationship. Findings build on belief‐congruence theory.
Hyperkalemia: A persisting risk. A case report and update on current management
Authors: Schnaubelt Sebastian , Niederdoeckl Jan , Schoergenhofer Christian , Cacioppo Filippo , Schuetz Nikola , Spiel Alexander O. , Hecking Manfred , Domanovits Hans 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report a case of hemodynamic instability due to bradycardia on the basis of severe hyperkalemia. Diabetic ketoacidosis and acute kidney injury together with polypharmacy triggered the acute onset. Potentially life‐threatening hyperkalemia is often induced by drug interactions. ECG features may be crucial for diagnosis, and treatment depends on setting and resources.
Recent Advances in Synthetic Application and Engineering of Halogenases
Authors: Minges Hannah , Sewald Norbert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHalogenating enzymes are able to introduce halogen substituents under ambient conditions using non‐hazardous reagents with intriguing selectivity, which is highly desired in green chemistry. Although C−H functionalization such as halogenation is a well‐known transformation in synthetic chemistry, the selective incorporation of halogens using conventional chemical approaches often remains challenging. Therefore, enzyme‐based strategies have been emerging as valuable alternatives in recent years. Inspired by manifold developments of enzymatic halogenation, this review focuses on advances of halogenating enzymes and their application with particular emphasis on FAD‐dependent halogenases (FDHs). Catalytic strategies, application scope and engineering of FDHs are outlined pointing to the increasing utility of halogenases as promising biocatalysts. Current limitations as well as potential future developments of their synthetic utility are being discussed.
Aerobic Dehydrogenation of N‐Heterocycles with Grubbs Catalyst: Its Application to Assisted‐Tandem Catalysis to Construct N‐Containing Fused Heteroarenes
Authors: Kawauchi Daichi , Noda Kenta , Komatsu Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Kei , Ueda Hirofumi , Tokuyama Hidetoshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn aerobic dehydrogenation of nitrogen‐containing heterocycles catalyzed by Grubbs catalyst is developed. The reaction is applicable to various nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. The exceptionally high functional group compatibility of this method was confirmed by the oxidation of an unprotected dihydroindolactam V to indolactam V. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the oxygen‐mediated structural change of the Grubbs catalyst, we integrated ring‐closing metathesis and subsequent aerobic dehydrogenation to develop the novel assisted‐tandem catalysis using molecular oxygen as a chemical trigger. The utility of the assisted‐tandem catalysis was demonstrated by the concise synthesis of N‐containing fused heteroarenes including a natural antibiotic, pyocyanine.
Benzosiloles with Crystallization‐Induced Emission Enhancement of Electrochemiluminescence: Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Crystallography
Authors: Yang Liuqing , Koo Donghyun , Wu Jackie , Wong Jonathan M. , Day Tyler , Zhang Ruizhong , Kolongoda Harshana , Liu Kehan , Wang Jian , Ding Zhifeng , Pagenkopf Brian L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCrystallization‐induced emission enhancement (CIEE) was demonstrated for the first time for electrochemilunimescence (ECL) with two new benzosiloles. Compared with their solution, the films of the two benzosiloles gave CIEE of 24 and 16 times. The mechanism of the CIEE‐ECL was examined by spooling ECL spectroscopy, X‐ray crystal structure analysis, photoluminescence, and DFT calculations. This CIEE‐ECL system is a complement to the well‐established aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) systems. Unique intermolecular interactions are noted in the crystalline chromophore. The first heterogeneous ECL system is established for organic compounds with highly hydrophobic properties.
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Oxazepines Related to Azaisoerianin and IsoCoQuines
Authors: Khelifi Ilhem , Pecnard Shannon , Bernadat Guillaume , Bignon Jérome , Levaique Hélène , Dubois Joëlle , Provot Olivier , Alami Mouad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, we report the synthesis and biological properties of a series of novel oxazepines related to isoCA‐4 having significant antitumor properties. Among them, three oxazepin‐9‐ol derivatives display a nanomolar or a sub‐nanomolar cytotoxicity level against five human cancer cell lines (HCT116, U87, A549, MCF7, and K562). It was demonstrated that the lead compound in this series inhibits tubulin assembly with an IC50 value of 1 μM and totally arrests the cellular cycle in the G2/M phase at the low concentration of 5 nM in HCT116 and K562 cells. Molecular modeling studies perfectly corroborates these promising results.
Long‐term survival among 5‐year survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer
Authors: Berkman Amy M. , Livingston J. A. , Merriman Kelly , Hildebrandt Michelle , Wang Jian , Dibaj Seyedeh , McQuade Jennifer , You Nancy , Ying Anita , Barcenas Carlos , Bodurka Diane , DePombo April , Lee Hun Ju , de Groot John , Roth Michael 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAlthough there are a growing number of survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer, to the authors' knowledge the long‐term overall survival (OS) patterns for AYA cancer survivors are underreported. The objective of the current study was to assess the long‐term survival of AYA cancer survivors and identify factors associated with diminished long‐term survival.MethodsThe authors used The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center's tumor registry to identify 5‐year survivors of cancer diagnosed as AYAs (ages 15‐39 years) between the years 1970 and 2005, and who were alive 5 years after diagnosis. Kaplan‐Meier curves were used to estimate OS rates over time, and Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to evaluate the association of covariates with OS.ResultsThe authors identified 16,728 individuals who were 5‐year survivors of cancer and were diagnosed as AYAs with a median follow‐up of 20.0 years. The 10‐year, 20‐year, and 25‐year OS rates were 86% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 85%‐86%), 74% (95% CI, 73%‐75%), and 68% (95% CI, 67%‐68%), respectively, all of which were lower than the age‐adjusted estimated survival rates of the general population. Long‐term OS improved for AYAs diagnosed between 2000 and 2005 compared with those diagnosed in the prior decades (P < .001). Older age at the time of diagnosis, receipt of radiation, and diagnoses including central nervous system tumors and breast cancer each were associated with diminished long‐term survival.ConclusionsAYA cancer survivors have inferior long‐term survival compared with the general population. Studies investigating the prevalence and types of late treatment effects and causes of death among AYA survivors are needed to more accurately identify AYAs who are at highest risk of early or late mortality.
A crabs' high‐order brain center resolved as a mushroom body‐like structure
Authors: Maza Francisco Javier , Sztarker Julieta , Cozzarin Maria Eugenia , Lepore Maria Grazia , Delorenzi Alejandro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe hypothesis of a common origin for high‐order memory centers in bilateral animals presents the question of how different brain structures, such as the vertebrate hippocampus and the arthropod mushroom bodies, are both structurally and functionally comparable. Obtaining evidence to support the hypothesis that crustaceans possess structures equivalent to the mushroom bodies that play a role in associative memories has proved challenging. Structural evidence supports that the hemiellipsoid bodies of hermit crabs, crayfish and lobsters, spiny lobsters, and shrimps are homologous to insect mushroom bodies. Although a preliminary description and functional evidence supporting such homology in true crabs (Brachyura) has recently been shown, other authors consider the identification of a possible mushroom body homolog in Brachyura as problematic. Here we present morphological and immunohistochemical data in Neohelice granulata supporting that crabs possess well‐developed hemiellipsoid bodies that are resolved as mushroom bodies‐like structures. Neohelice exhibits a peduncle‐like tract, from which processes project into proximal and distal domains with different neuronal specializations. The proximal domains exhibit spines and en passant‐like processes and are proposed here as regions mainly receiving inputs. The distal domains exhibit a “trauben”‐like compartmentalized structure with bulky terminal specializations and are proposed here as output regions. In addition, we found microglomeruli‐like complexes, adult neurogenesis, aminergic innervation, and elevated expression of proteins necessary for memory processes. Finally, in vivo calcium imaging suggests that, as in insect mushroom bodies, the output regions exhibit stimulus‐specific activity. Our results support the shared organization of memory centers across crustaceans and insects.
Pattern synthesis of thinned multi‐input multi‐output radar using difference set and differential evolution
Authors: Shi Guimin , Yang Sheng , Jiang Yi , Luo Zhiming 
Published: June 2020

SummaryTo lower the side lobe level of MIMO (Multi‐input Multi‐output) radar, a new method, diffenence set and diffderential evolution (DSDE), was proposed. The newly proposed method can arrange the location of the linear MIMO radar antenna arrays by differential set (DS) and optimize the excitation amplitude of each antenna by Differential Evolution (DE). DS is a kind of analysis calculation method, which has faster calculation speed than intelligent optimization methods and has solid optimization ability in thinned antenna array optimization problems. Besides, DE is one of the best stochastic optimization methods which can keep the diversity and avoid premature of the population. Consequently, the proposed DSDE can achieve high performance in the arrangement of arrays and excitation amplitude optimization. Numerical experiments are conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithm, and the results showed that the analysis optimization method and stochastic optimization method are suitable for solving the problem of pattern synthesis of MIMO radar and keep the diversity with better convergence.
Does it pay off? Integrated reporting and cost of debt: European evidence
Authors: Gerwanski Jannik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough the <IR> (Integrated Reporting) Framework defines providers of financial capital as both equity and debt holders, there is a distinct lack of research on the association between IR and debt. This study is the first to examine the effect of the voluntary preparation of an integrated report on the marginal cost of public debt. From an agency theoretical standpoint, we assume that IR decreases information asymmetries, facilitates lenders' assessments of a firm's risk of default, and thus is negatively related to a firm's cost of public debt. On the basis of a European sample, consisting of 2,196 firm‐year observations between 2015 and 2017, we find that IR significantly decreases a firm's cost of debt. In subsequent moderation analyses, the results reveal that this effect (a) is stronger for firms with lower ESG performance and (b) holds only for firms operating in environmentally sensitive industries. The results are robust to a battery of statistical models. We expand on earlier empirical literature on IR and provide valuable implications for research, practice, and standard setting.
Neck circumference as reliable predictor of mechanical ventilation support in adult inpatients with COVID‐19: A multicentric prospective evaluation
Authors: Di Bella Stefano , Cesareo Roberto , De Cristofaro Paolo , Palermo Andrea , Sanson Gianfranco , Roman‐Pognuz Erik , Zerbato Verena , Manfrini Silvia , Giacomazzi Donatella , Dal Bo Eugenia , Sambataro Gianluca , Macchini Elisabetta , Quintavalle Francesco , Campagna Giuseppe , Masala Renato , Ottaviani Luigi , Del Borgo Cosmo , Ridola Lorenzo , Leonetti Frida , Berlot Giorgio , Luzzati Roberto 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsCOVID‐19 is especially severe for elderly subjects with cardiometabolic and respiratory comorbidities. Neck circumference (NC) has been shown to be strongly related to cardiometabolic and respiratory illnesses even after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). We performed a prospective study to investigate the potential of NC to predict the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in adult COVID‐19 inpatients.Materials and MethodsWe prospectively and consecutively enrolled COVID‐19 adult patients admitted to dedicated medical wards of two Italian hospitals from 25 March to 7 April 2020. On admission, clinical, biochemical and anthropometric data, including BMI and NC were collected. As primary outcome measure, the maximum respiratory support received was evaluated. Follow‐up time was 30 days from hospital admission.ResultsWe enrolled 132 subjects (55.0‐75.8 years, 32% female). During the study period, 26 (19.7%) patients underwent IMV. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension and COPD, NC resulted independently and significantly associated with IMV risk (adjusted OR 1.260—per 1 cm increase 95% CI:1.120‐1.417; P < .001), with a stronger association in the subgroup with BMI ≤30 Kg/m2 (adjusted OR 1.526; 95% CI:1.243‐1.874; P < .001). NC showed a good discrimination power in predicting patients requiring IMV (AUC 0.783; 95% CI:0.684‐0.882; P < .001). In particular, NC > 40.5 cm (>37.5 for females and >42.5 for males) showed a higher and earlier IMV risk compared to subjects with lower NC (Log‐rank test: P < .001).ConclusionsNC is an easy to measure parameter able to predict the need for IMV in adult COVID‐19 inpatients.