bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P.1.07 A study of blood multi-element concentrations in lead-exposed and non-exposed workers
Authors: Chuang Hung-Yi , Shen Ya-Han 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesAlthough the leaded gasoline has been phased out, lead (Pb) continues to be a public health concern due to its widely industrial uses. During the lead industrial processes, these workers exposed to the other non-essential elements, which can induce adverse effects including the imbalance of essential elements. The aim of this study is to compare with Pb, cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) in human whole blood between lead-exposed and non-exposed workers.MethodThere were 109 lead workers and 329 individuals of non-exposed group, received the health examination in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan. The whole blood concentration of Pb was determined by graphite atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), while the others (Cd, As, Se, Co, Cu and Zn) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS). We analyzed the associations between the seven elements and the worker health examination data. Finally, multiple linear regressions were used to analyze interaction between elements.ResultsFor all workers, the average of age was 40.13 years and mean BMI was 24.81. The other health examination results showed the well status of health and nutrition. Mean concentrations of seven blood elements in Pb-exposed workers were Pb=143.5, Cd=1.28, As=9.45, Se=251.46, Co=0.57, Cu=1044.4, and Zn=9706.92 (ug/L). On the other hand, the blood concentrations of these elements in non-exposed workers were Pb=26.18, Cd=0.98, As=5.28, Se=255.40, Co=0.42, Cu=880.07, and Zn=6891.52 (ug/L). Using the interaction variables, the results showed that there were interactions between Cd and As, As and Co, As and Cu.ConclusionsThe positive effect of essential elements to health examination values were not clear, little does the influence to the other non-essential elements. However, the damage from occupational non-essential elements exposure still needs to be concerned. Interaction to multi-elements also needs further research.
O1C.6 Is adjustment for smoking needed in a cohort study of cancer mortality among chrysotile asbestos factory and mine workers?
Authors: Olsson Ann , Talibov Madar , Kovalevskiy Evgeny V , Byrnes Graham , Schonfeld Sara , Feletto Eleonora , Kashanskiy Sergey V , Moissonnier Monika , Ostroumova Evgenia , Straif Kurt , Kromhout Hans , Bukhtiyarov Igor V , Schüz Joachim 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionA retrospective cohort study of 35 840 employees is currently being conducted in a chrysotile mine and its processing facilities in Asbest, the Russian Federation. The primary aim is to quantify exposure-response relationships for cancers potentially associated with chrysotile exposure. Some of those cancers are also tobacco-related; however individual-level information on tobacco use is not available for the full cohort. To address this gap, a cross-sectional study of current and retired workers from JSC Uralasbest was conducted to assess the relationship between smoking status and workers’ exposure to chrysotile.MethodsSelf-administered questionnaires were completed by current workers during meetings organized by occupational safety specialists. Retired workers filled in questionnaires during Veterans’ meetings or were interviewed via telephone or at home. Estimates of exposure to chrysotile were available for 999 current and 3795 retired workers who were linked to the cohort study.ResultsAmong the 7451 respondents (n=3698 men and n=3753 women), 66% of men and 9% of women were ever-smokers. Smoking prevalence was stable across birth decades in men, but increased from <10% in women born before 1960 to 30% in women born after 1980. Among ever-smokers, men smoked more cigarettes per day than women. The smoking prevalence was similar in exposed and non-exposed men, and did not increase with exposure category. The greatest difference in the proportion of smokers among women was observed between non-exposed (4%) and all exposed categories combined (7.5%), whereas there was little variation across categories of exposure (7%–8%). Overall, the self-reported smoking prevalence may have been underestimated, especially in the older age categories due to survivor bias.ConclusionWhile no adjustments for smoking among men appear necessary in the future analyses, including smoking propensity by birth cohort for women may be useful.
O1D.1 Dermal PAH exposure in swedish firefighters and police forensic investigators – preliminary results from tape stripping on wrist and collarbone
Authors: Sjöström Mattias , Julander Anneli , Strandberg Bo , Lewné Marie , Bigert Carolina 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesFirefighters (FFs) and police forensic investigators (PFI) may be exposed to a wide range of particles and combustion products, such as the carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the dermal exposure to 32 different PAHs for FFs and PFIs.MethodsThe skin was sampled by tape stripping (three consecutive tapes) on lower wrist and collarbone area after end of work shift of 7 FFs (fire starters; team leaders inside the burning house; team leaders outside the burning house) during training fires (14 samples), 9 PFIs investigating the aftermath of fire events (10 samples) and 7 office workers/control persons (7 samples). We used semipermeable membrane dialysis for clean-up of the tape strip exctracts and analysed the PAHs by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsThe median sum 32 PAH dermal exposure of the measured groups was in the range of 2 to 16 ng/cm2on the wrist and 2 to 4.6 ng/cm2on the collarbone area. Both gaseous and particle-associated PAHs were present on skin with large variability in levels between specific PAHs. The most abundant PAHs were phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and chrysene. For sum 32 PAHs the exposure of the wrist was statistically significantly higher for FF fire starters and PFIs than for controls. FF fire starters had the highest exposure for benzo(a)pyrene. For the collarbone area, the FFs and PFIs had lower exposures than on the wrist and similar to the levels for control persons.ConclusionsThe dermal occupational PAH exposure for FFs and PFIs was generally higher on the wrist than on the collarbone area. Thus, the wrists seem to be less well protected by personal protective equipment than the collarbone area. On the collarbone area, the dermal PAH exposure levels were similar between FFs, PFIs and control persons.
Some new examples of links with the same polynomials
Authors: Tao Zhi-Xiong 
Published: May 2020

We call a link (knot) [Formula: see text] to be strongly Jones (respectively, Homfly) undetectable, if there are infinitely many links which are not isotopic to [Formula: see text] but share the same Jones (respectively, Homfly) polynomial as [Formula: see text]. We reconstruct Kanenobu’s knot [Kanenobu, Infinitely many knots with the same polynomial invariant, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 97(1) (1986), 158–162] and give two new constructions. Using these constructions, we give some examples of strongly Jones undetectable: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] is the mirror image of [Formula: see text]) and etc. For some special cases, these constructions will be shown to be strongly Jones undetectable and strongly Homfly undetectable.
Hazard of Cervical, Oropharyngeal, and Anal Cancers in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Medicaid Beneficiaries
Authors: Michaud Joanne M. , Zhang Tingting , Shireman Theresa I. , Lee Yoojin , Wilson Ira B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground:Human immunodeficiency virus–infected (HIV+) individuals are disproportionately at risk for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers, but the magnitude of risk estimates varies widely. We conducted a retrospective study using a large U.S.-based cohort to describe the relationship between HIV infection and incident cervical, oropharyngeal, and anal cancers.Methods:Using 2001–2012 U.S. Medicaid data from 14 states, we matched one HIV+ to three HIV-uninfected (HIV−) enrollees on sex, race, state, age, and year, and followed persons for up to 10 years. We developed Cox proportional hazards models comparing HIV+ to HIV− for time to cancer diagnosis adjusted for demographic and comorbidity attributes.Results:Our cohorts included 443,592 women for the cervical cancer analysis, and 907,348 and 906,616 persons for the oropharyngeal and anal cancer analyses. The cervical cancer cohort had a mean age of 39 years and was 55% Black. The oropharyngeal and anal cancer cohorts were 50% male, had a mean age of 41 years, and were 51% Black. We estimated the following HRs: cervical cancer, 3.27 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.82–3.80]; oropharyngeal cancer, 1.90 (95% CI, 1.62–2.23; both sexes), 1.69 (95% CI, 1.39–2.04; males), and 2.55 (95% CI, 1.86–3.50; females); and anal cancer, 18.42 (95% CI, 14.65–23.16; both sexes), 20.73 (95% CI, 15.60–27.56; males), and 12.88 (95% CI, 8.69–19.07; females).Conclusions:HIV+ persons were at an elevated risk for HPV-associated cancers, especially anal cancer.Impact:Medicaid claims data corroborate previous estimates based on registries and clinical cohorts.
The Binding of Isaac in J.R.R. Tolkien and Stephen King
Authors: Selvén Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article investigates biblical reception in the works of two popular modern fantasy authors. It stages an intertextual dialogue between Genesis 22:1-19, “the binding of Isaac”, and two episodes, in Stephen King’s The Gunslinger and J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Return of the King. After presenting the dynamics of what happens to the biblical text in these two authors and the perspectives that come out, a hermeneutical reversal is then suggested, in which the modern stories are used to probe the biblical text. One can return to the Bible with questions culled from its later reception, in this case King and Tolkien. This article argues that the themes touched upon by the two authors are important and hermeneutically relevant ones, sometimes novel and sometimes contributions to exegetical debates that have been going on for centuries.
The Fall and Rise of Eutychus: The Church of Paul and the Spatial Habitus of Luke
Authors: Smith Eric C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The story of Eutychus in Acts 20 seems to narrate a scene of a Pauline community, meeting for a communal meal and instruction in an insula building in Alexandria Troas. Some scholars have argued, however, that this tale was borrowed by Luke and appropriated to tell the story of Paul. When read through combined theoretical lenses from Michel de Certeau and Pierre Bourdieu, the story of Eutychus provides a window not into one of Paul’s communities, but into Luke’s own spatial practice, and the habitus of community that he knew from his own late-first-century context. Luke therefore repurposed the framework of the story, but also filled the story with his own experience and expectations of space and practice in his creative reconstruction of a Pauline vignette. The tale of Eutychus provides evidence of late-first-century or early-second-century urban Christianity in Asia Minor, not of a community from the life of Paul.
The Experience of Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: a Hermeneutic-Phenomenological Exploration
Authors: Machalaba John W. , Sass Louis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study seeks to understand the subjective experience or lived world typical of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It uses qualitative methodology, grounded in a hermeneutic-phenomenological perspective, to consider lived experience in a small sample of 7 individuals (4 published accounts, 3 subjects interviewed in depth). The analysis identified four themes that appear to be characteristic of the experience of PD: A) Denial, B) Emotion and symptom expression, C) Volitional and spontaneous action, and D) Alteration of temporal perspective. Concepts from existential-phenomenological philosophy (including the notions of “bad faith,” reflective versus pre-reflective experience, being-in-itself versus being-for-itself, and temporality) were used to reflect upon these themes to achieve a synthetic account of the subjective experience of PD. The findings of the study are compared to other findings in the phenomenological literature, and suggestions for further research are posed.
From the King’s Two Bodies to the People’s Two Bodies: Spinoza on the Body Politic
Authors: Terpstra Marin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this article, using Spinoza’s treatment of the image of the political body, I aim to show what happens to the concept of a healthy commonwealth linked to a monarchist model of political order when transformed into a new context: the emergence of a democratic political order. The traditional representation of the body politic becomes problematic when people, understood as individual natural bodies, are taken as the starting point in political theory. Spinoza’s understanding of the composite body, and the assumption that each body is composed, raises the question of the stability or instability of this composition. This has implications for the way one looks at the political order’s conditions of possibility, I argue, and at the same time reveals the imaginary nature of the political body.
A Needs Assessment for Gifted Education
Authors: Van Tassel Joyce 
Published: May 2020

This article presents a conceptual model to be utilized in conducting the necessary needs assessment activities to implement a successful gifted program at the school district or state agency level. Three types of needs are discussed—student, program, and technical assistance. The model attempts to show the interrelationships of these types of needs and how they may be assessed. Components of the model are discussed and amplified through appropriate instrumentation. Recommendations on how to utilize the model are also included so that a comprehensive approach to needs assessment can be discerned.
Creating a Brighter Future: An Update on the Future Problem Solving Program
Authors: Crabbe Anne Borland 
Published: May 2020

This article focuses on the objectives of the Future Problem Solving Program and describes ways in which they are being achieved. Rationale and supportive evidence are offered for each. The objectives of the program are aimed at helping gifted children: develop richer images of the future become more creative in their thinking develop and increase their communication skills, both verbal and written develop and increase their teamwork skills integrate a problem solving model into their lives, and develop and increase their research skills. Information about securing materials and participating in the program is also provided.
Nurses’ self-efficacy, rather than their knowledge, is associated with their engagement in advance care planning in nursing homes: A survey study
Authors: Gilissen Joni , Pivodic Lara , Wendrich-van Dael Annelien , Cools Wilfried , Vander Stichele Robert , Van den Block Lieve , Deliens Luc , Gastmans Chris 
Published: May 2020

Background: Considering social cognitive theory and current literature about successful advance care planning in nursing homes, sufficient knowledge and self-efficacy are important preconditions for staff to be able to carry out advance care planning in practice. Aim: Exploring to what extent nurses’ knowledge about and self-efficacy is associated with their engagement in advance care planning in nursing homes. Design: Survey study as part of a baseline measurement of a randomised controlled cluster trial (NCT03521206). Setting/participants: Nurses in a purposive sample of 14 nursing homes in Belgium. Methods: A survey was distributed among nurses, evaluating knowledge (11 true/false items), self-efficacy (12 roles and tasks on 10-point Likert-type scale) and six advance care planning practices (yes/no), ranging from performing advance care planning conversations to completing advance directives. Results: A total of 196 nurses participated (66% response rate). While knowledge was not significantly associated with advance care planning practices, self-efficacy was. One unit’s increase in self-efficacy was statistically associated with an estimated 32% increase in the number of practices having carried out. Conclusions: Nurses’ engagement in advance care planning practices is mainly associated with their self-efficacy rather than their knowledge. Further research is necessary to improve the evidence regarding the causal relationship between constructs. However, these results suggest that educational programmes that focus solely on knowledge might not lead to increasing uptake of advance care planning in nurses.
Pilot of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Initiative Among Veterans With Serious Illness
Authors: Giannitrapani Karleen F. , Walling Anne M. , Garcia Ariadna , Foglia MaryBeth , Lowery Jill S. , Lo Natalie , Bekelman David , Brown-Johnson Cati , Haverfield Marie , Festa Natalia , Shreve Scott T. , Gale Randall C. , Lehmann Lisa Soleymani , Lorenz Karl A. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Prior to national spread, the Department of Veterans Affairs implemented a pilot of the life-sustaining treatment decisions initiative (LSTDI) to promote proactive goals of care conversations (GoCC) with seriously ill patients, including policy and practice standards, an electronic documentation template and order set, and implementation support. Aim: To describe a 2-year pilot of the LSTDI at 4 demonstration sites. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting/Participants: A total of 6664 patients who had at least one GoCC. Results: Descriptive statistics characterized patient demographics, goals of care, LST decisions, and risk of hospitalization or mortality among patients with at least one GoCC. Participants were on average 71.4 years old, 93.2% male, 87.1% white, and 64.7% urban; 27.3% died by the end of the pilot period. Fifteen percent lacked decision-making capacity (DMC). Nonmutually exclusive goals included to be cured (7.6%), to prolong life (34%), to improve/maintain quality of life (61.5%), to be comfortable (53%), to obtain support for family/caregiver (8.4%), to achieve life goals (2.1%), and other (10.5%). Many GoCCs resulted in a do not resuscitate (DNR) order (58.8%). Patients without DMC were more likely to have comfort-oriented goals (77.3% vs 48.8%) and a DNR (84% vs 52.6%). Chart abstraction supported content validity of GoCC documentation. Conclusion: The pilot demonstrated that standardizing practices for eliciting and documenting GoCCs resulted in customized documentation of goals of care and LST decisions of a large number of seriously ill patients and established the feasibility of spreading standardized practices throughout a large integrated health care system.
Functional respiratory imaging assessment of glycopyrrolate and formoterol fumarate metered dose inhalers formulated using co-suspension delivery technology in patients with COPD
Authors: De Backer Wilfried , De Backer Jan , Verlinden Ilse , Leemans Glenn , Van Holsbeke Cedric , Mignot Benjamin , Jenkins Martin , Griffis Dianne , Ivanov Stefan , Fitzpatrick Jane , St Rose Earl , Martin Ubaldo J. , Reisner Colin 
Published: May 2020

Background: Functional respiratory imaging (FRI) is a quantitative postprocessing imaging technique used to assess changes in the respiratory system. Using FRI, we characterized the effects of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), glycopyrrolate metered dose inhaler (GP MDI), and the long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler (FF MDI), on airway volume and resistance in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: Patients in this phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind crossover study received twice-daily GP MDI (18 μg) and FF MDI (9.6 μg). Primary endpoints were specific (i.e. corrected for lobar volume) image-based airway volume (siVaw) and specific image-based airway resistance (siRaw), measured using FRI. Secondary and other endpoints included additional FRI, spirometry, and body plethysmography parameters. Postdose efficacy assessments were performed within 60–150 min of dosing on day 15. Results: A total of 23 patients were randomized and 19 completed both treatment periods. GP MDI and FF MDI both achieved significant improvements from baseline to day 15 in siVaw [11% ( p = 0.0187) and 23% ( p < 0.0001) increases, respectively] and siRaw [25% ( p = 0.0219) and 44% ( p < 0.0001) reductions, respectively]. Although, on average, improvements were larger for FF MDI than GP MDI, some individuals displayed greater responses with each of the two treatments. These within-patient differences increased with airway generation number. Spirometry and body plethysmography endpoints showed significant improvements from baseline in inspiratory capacity for both treatments, and numeric improvements for other endpoints. Conclusion: Both GP MDI and FF MDI significantly improved siRaw and siVaw at day 15 versus baseline. FRI endpoints demonstrated increased sensitivity relative to spirometry and body plethysmography in detecting differences between treatments in a small number of patients. Intra-patient differences in treatment response between the LAMA and the LABA provide further support for the benefit of dual bronchodilator therapies. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02937584 The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Development and validation of a diverticular clinical score for symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease after acute diverticulitis in a prospective patient cohort
Authors: Lahat Adi , Fidder Herma H , Ben-Horin Shomron 
Published: May 2020

Background: Following an attack of acute diverticulitis (AD), many patients continue to suffer from a complex of symptoms, titled ‘symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD)’. To date, there is no validated clinical score for standardized assessment of patients with SUDD, thereby hampering the interpretation of observational studies and the conductance of clinical trials. We aimed to develop a validated SUDD clinical score. Methods: Data from previous prospective study of patients after AD was used to devise the score’s first version. Validation was first performed using a focus group of patients after AD SUDD who underwent a structured cognitive personal interview. Thereafter, the diverticular clinical score (DICS) was applied for a second validation cohort. DICS scores of validation cohort were compared with physicians’ global assessment for disease severity and inflammatory markers. Results: In DICS second validation using 48 patients prospectively recruited after AD SUDD, a correlation matrix demonstrated strong correlation between total questionnaire’s score and the presence of elevated inflammatory markers ( ρ = 0.84). Mean score in patients with elevated inflammatory markers compared with those without inflammation was 17.8 versus 6.2, respectively, p < 0.001. Cronbach’s α for measuring internal consistency was 0.91. DICS discriminated accurately between patients with/without active disease, as gauged by the physicians global assessment (area under the curve receiver operating characteristic = 0.989). Conclusions: Patients suffering from post-AD SUDD exhibit a wide range of symptoms. The newly developed DICS accurately and reproducibly quantitates SUDD-related symptom severity. The DICS may prove useful for monitoring SUDD in clinical practice and in research settings, as well as facilitating patient stratification and therapeutic decisions.