bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Autologous Omentum Transposition to the Regeneration of Renal Injuries in the Rat Model
Authors: Bilgic Tayfun , Ince Umit , Narter Fehmi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aim: After renal trauma, surgical treatment is vital, but sometimes there may be loss of function due to fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the repair effect of transpositioned autologous omentum on injured renal tissue in a rat model. Methods: A total of 30 female Wistar Albino rats were included and they were randomly separated into a sham group and four study groups. Iatrogenic renal injuries were repaired using a surgical technique (primary repair 1 and 2 groups) or transpositioned autologous omentum (omentum repair 1 and 2 groups). In all groups, blood samples were taken preoperatively and on the 7 th postoperative day in all groups and also on the 18 th postoperative day in the control and two study groups. All rats were sacrificed on the 7 th or 18 th day postoperatively and their right kidneys were taken for histopathological evaluation.Results: There was a trend toward decrease in urea and creatinine levels in all the groups. There was no significant correlation between urea and creatinine levels and histological finding scores. The omentum repair group had significantly lower inflammation and granulation scores compared with the primary repair and sham groups. There was a significant and positive correlation between inflammation and granulation and fibrosis scores. There was a significant and negative correlation between healing completion score and either inflammation and granulation scores. There were also positive correlations between histological findings in the kidney specimen and surrounding tissues. Conclusion: The use of the autologous omentum tissue for repair of kidney injury had attenuation effects on inflammation and granulation compared with primary repair. These results imply that use of omentum tissue to facilitate healing of kidney injury may theoretically lead to a more effective healing process and reduced fibrosis and tissue and function loss. These potentially beneficial effects of autologous omentum tissue should be investigated in further well-designed experimental and clinical studies.
An empirical analysis of dealing with patients who are lost to follow-up when developing prognostic models using a cohort design
Authors: Reps Jenna M , Rijnbeek Peter , Cuthbert Alana , Ryan Patrick B , Pratt Nicole , Schuemie Martijn J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Researchers developing prediction models are faced with numerous design choices that may impact model performance. One key decision is how to include patients who are lost to follow-up. In this paper we perform a large-scale empirical evaluation investigating the impact of this decision. In addition, we aim to provide guidelines for how to deal with loss to follow-up.Methods: We generate a partially synthetic dataset with complete follow-up and simulate loss to follow-up based either on random selection or on selection based on comorbidity. In addition to our synthetic data study we investigate 21 real-world data prediction problems. We compare four simple strategies for developing models when using a cohort design that encounters loss to follow-up. Three strategies employ a binary classifier with data that: i) include all patients (including those lost to follow-up), ii) exclude all patients lost to follow-up or iii) only exclude patients lost to follow-up who do not have the outcome before being lost to follow-up. The fourth strategy uses a survival model with data that include all patients. We empirically evaluate the discrimination and calibration performance.Results: The partially synthetic data study results show that excluding patients who are lost to follow-up can introduce bias when loss to follow-up is common and does not occur at random. However, when loss to follow-up was completely at random, the choice of addressing it had negligible impact on the model performance. Our empirical real-world data results showed that the four design choices investigated to deal with loss to follow-up resulted in comparable performance when the time-at-risk was 1-year, but demonstrated differential bias when we looked into 3-year time-at-risk. Removing patients who are lost to follow-up before experiencing the outcome but keeping patients who are lost to follow-up after the outcome can bias a model and should be avoided.Conclusion: Based on this study we therefore recommend i) developing models using data that includes patients that are lost to follow-up and ii) evaluate the discrimination and calibration of models twice: on a test set including patients lost to follow-up and a test set excluding patients lost to follow-up.
Death in hospital following ICU discharge: insights from the LUNG SAFE study
Authors: Madotto Fabiana , McNicholas Bairbre , Rezoagli Emanuele , Pham Tài , Laffey John , Bellani Giacomo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To determine the frequency of, and factors associated with, death in hospital following ICU discharge to the ward.Methods: The Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study was an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study of patients with severe respiratory failure, conducted across 459 ICUs from 50 countries globally. This study aimed to understand the frequency and factors associated with death in hospital in patients who survived their ICU stay. We examined outcomes in the subpopulation discharged with no limitations of life sustaining treatments (‘treatment limitations’), and the subpopulations with treatment limitations.Results: 2,186 (94%) patients with no treatment limitations discharged from ICU survived, while 142 (6%) died in hospital. 118 (61%) of patients with treatment limitations survived while 77 (39%) patients died in hospital. Patients without treatment limitations that died in hospital after ICU discharge were older, more likely to have COPD, immunocompromise or chronic renal failure, less likely to have trauma as a risk factor for ARDS. Patients that died post ICU discharge were less likely to receive neuromuscular blockade, or to receive any adjunctive measure, and had a higher pre- ICU discharge non-pulmonary SOFA score. A similar pattern was seen in patients with treatment limitations that died in hospital following ICU discharge.Conclusions: A significant proportion of patients die in hospital following discharge from ICU, with higher mortality in patients with limitations of life-sustaining treatments in place. Non-survivors had higher systemic illness severity scores at ICU discharge than survivors. (Word count 251)Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02010073
Low-dosage Ozonation in Gas-phase Biofilter Promotes Community Diversity and Robustness.
Authors: Yeung Marvin , Saingam Prakit , Xu Yang , Xi Jinying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The ozonation of biofilters is known to alleviate clogging and pressure drop issues while maintaining removal performances in biofiltration systems treating gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The effects of ozone on the biofilter microbiome in terms of biodiversity, community structure, metabolic abilities, and dominant taxa correlated with performance remain largely unknown. Methods: This study investigated two biofilters treating high-concentration toluene operating in parallel, with one acting as control and the other exposed to low-dosage (200 mg/m3) ozonation. The microbial community diversity, metabolic rates of different carbon sources, functional predictions, and microbial co-occurrence networks of both communities were examined. Results: Consistently higher biodiversity of over 30% was observed in the microbiome after ozonation, with increased overall metabolic abilities for amino acids and carboxylic acids. The relative abundance of species with reported stress-tolerant and biofilm-forming abilities significantly increased, with a consortium of changes in predicted biological pathways, including shifts in degradation pathways of intermediate compounds, while the correlation of top ASVs and genus with performance indicators showed diversifications in microbiota responsible for toluene degradation. A co-occurrence network of the community showed a decrease in average path distance and average betweenness with ozonation. Conclusion: Major degrading species highly correlated with performance shifted after ozonation. An increase in microbial biodiversity coupled with improvements in metabolizing performances of multiple carbon sources including organic acids could explain the consistent performance commonly seen in the ozonation of biofilters despite the decrease in biomass, while avoiding acid buildup in long term operation. The increased presence of stress-tolerant microbes in the microbiome coupled with the decentralization of the co-occurrence network suggested that ozonation could not only ameliorate clogging issues but also provide a microbiome more robust to loading shock seen in full-scale biofilters.
Endothelial progenitor cells promote osteogenic differentiation in co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells via the MAPK-dependent pathway
Authors: xu chu , liu haijie , he yuanjia , li yuanqing , he xiaoning 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The role of bone tissue engineering is to regenerate tissue using biomaterials and stem cell based approaches. Combination of two or more cell types is one of the strategies to promote bone formation. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may enhance the osteogenic properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and promote bone healing, this study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms of EPCs on promoting osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.Methods: MSCs and EPCs were isolated and co-cultured in Transwell chambers, the effects of EPCs on the regulation of MSC biological properties was investigated. Real-time PCR array and western blotting were performed to explore possible signaling pathways involved in osteogenesis. The expression of osteogenesis markers and calcium nodule formation was quantified by qRT-PCR, western blotting and Alizarin Red staining. Results: Results showed that MSCs exhibited greater alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and increased calcium mineral deposition significantly when co-cultured with EPCs. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was involved in this process. p38 gene expression and p38 protein phosphorylation levels showed significant up-regulation in co-cultured MSCs. Silencing expression of p38 in co-cultured MSCs reduced osteogenic gene expression, protein synthesis, ALP activity and calcium nodule formation. Conclusions: These data suggest paracrine signaling from EPCs influence the biological function and promote MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Activation of the p38MAPK pathway may be the key to enhancing MSCs osteogenic differentiation via indirect interactions with EPCs.
Exposure to negative socio-emotional events induces sustained alteration of resting-state brain networks in the elderly
Authors: Lugo Sebastian Baez , Deza-Araujo Yacila , Collette Fabienne , Vuilleumier Patrik , Klimecki Olga , group and The Medit-Ageing Research 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Socio-emotional functions seem well-preserved in the elderly. However, the long-lasting effects that the exposure to others’ distress may provoke in the brain remain unknown in this population. To evaluate how the aging brain reacts during and after emotionally challenging social events, we designed a new "task-rest" paradigm in which elderly participants (N=127) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while exposed to socio-emotional videos. We unveil neural markers of "emotional inertia" in brain activity and connectivity following negative scenes. Exposure to others' suffering induced differential activations that lingered over time into the subsequent resting-state in regions of the default mode network (DMN). Moreover, emotional elicitation potentiated subsequent resting-state connectivity between posterior DMN and amygdala, which in turn was related to anxiety, rumination, and negative thoughts. These findings uncover brain mechanisms underlying emotional resilience and empathy in the elderly and may help understand how poor social stress regulation promotes neurodegenerative diseases.
Generation of functional liver tissue by establishing hepatobiliary connections ex vivo
Authors: Tanimizu Naoki , Ichinohe Norihisa , Sasaki Yasushi , Itoh Tohru , Sudo Ryo , Yamaguchi Tomoko , Katsuda Takashi , Tokino Takashi , Ochiya Takahiro , Miyajima Atsushi , Mitaka Toshihiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the liver, the bile canaliculi of hepatocytes are connected to intrahepatic bile ducts lined with cholangiocytes, which remove cytotoxic bile from the liver tissue. We have developed a hepatobiliary organoid using mouse hepatocyte progenitors and cholangiocytes. Hepatocyte metabolites were secreted into the bile canaliculi, and then transported into the biliary structure. Hepatocytes in the organoid acquired and maintained metabolic functions including albumin secretion and cytochrome P450 activities, over the long term. In this study, we established functional liver tissue incorporating a bile drainage system ex vivo. This hepatobiliary organoid enabled us to reproduce the transport of hepatocyte metabolites in liver tissue, and to investigate the way in which the two types of epithelial cells establish functional connections.
Thermal plasticity in coral reef symbionts is mediated by oxidation of membrane lipids
Authors: Botana Marina , Chaves-Filho Adriano , Inague Alex , Guth Arthur , Saldanha-Corrêa Flavia , Muller Marius , Sumida Paulo , Miyamoto Sayuri , Kellermann Matthias , Valentine Raymond , Yoshinaga Marcos 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is a common stress response across biomes with potential to trigger impairment of cell growth and reproduction. The oxidative stress theory of coral bleaching induced by global warming has been widely accepted to explain coral reef decline, but its underlying physiological mechanism remains under debate. Here we used lipidomic and population density data to examine cell cultures of three coral reef symbionts after a heat shock (sudden rise of 12 °C for 4 hours). Heat tolerance in S. microadriaticum and C. goreaui was characterized by preservation of thylakoid-derived glycolipids. Conversely, heat sensitivity in B. minutum was linked to elevated concentrations of oxidized PUFA esterified to glycolipids, suggesting that culture growth had ceased due to severe oxidative damage. Our findings provide a basis to further understand the role played by oxidative stress in coral bleaching and reveal novel biomarkers for the monitoring of symbiont-coral health.
A Note on COVID-19 Diagnosis Number Prediction Model in China
Authors: Li Yi , Yin Xianhong , Wang Yi , Liang Meng , Liu Xiaoyu , Hao Meng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In December 2019, pneumonia infected with the novel coronavirus burst in Wuhan, China. We aimed to use a mathematical model to predict number of diagnosed patients in future to ease anxiety on the emergent situation. Our model was based on the epidemic situation in China, which could provide referential significance for disease prediction in other countries, and provide clues for prevention and intervention of relevant health authorities. In this retrospective, all diagnosis number from Jan 21 to Feb 10, 2020 reported from China was included and downloaded from WHO website. We develop a simple but accurate formula to predict the next day diagnosis number: N_i/N_(i-1) =〖(N_(i-1)/N_(i-2) )〗^α，where Ni is the total diagnosed patient till the ith day, and α was estimated as 0.904 at Feb 10. Based on this model, it is predicted that the rate of disease infection will decrease exponentially. The total number of infected people is limited; thus, the disease will have limited impact. However, new diagnosis will last to end of March. Through the establishment of our model, we can better predict the trend of the epidemic in China.
Study on the Pharmacological Mechanism of Phthalazinone Derivatives as Potential Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment by Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking
Authors: Ye Huimin , Li Zhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To screen the bioactivity of phthalazinone derivatives for AD treatment and investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism, the network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking were adopted in this study.Methods: Those phthalazinone derivatives with certain structures and physical properties were screened out by Pubchem database in this study. Besides, to explore the potential activity of these phthalazinone derivatives as drugs for AD treatment, network pharmacology study was employed, including targets prediction, gene enrichment analysis and network analysis. Network analysis of AD approved drugs and molecular docking studies were also adopted to further investigate drug-likeness of phthalazinone derivatives for AD treatment.Results: Five compounds and 57 common targets were recognized and adopted to the construction of compounds-targets network. 15 approved drugs with clear indication for AD were figured out, with 57 associated targets that originated from Homo sapiens. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that phthalazinone derivatives and approved drugs shared the same essential pathway (neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction) and other important pathways with associated targets. The result of molecular docking indicated that these phthalazinone derivatives could interact with essential targets stably.Conclusion: In silico analysis suggested that these derivatives are probable to be effective for the treatment of AD by interacting with the essential targets and initiating ATP binding, signal transduction, finally regulating neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway、calcium signaling pathway , and so on.
Risk of Arterial Stiffness According to Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotype: A Combined Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study in Kailuan Cohort
Authors: Wang Anxin , Wang Yu , Zuo Yingting , Tian Xue , Chen Shuohua , Ma Yihan , Han Xu , Wu Shouling , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the risk of incident arterial stiffness according to metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype in Chinese population.Materials and methodsThe Kailuan study is an ongoing prospective cohort study, 37,180 participants with at least one-time measurement of branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were included in the cross-sectional analysis, and 16,236 participants with repeated measurement of baPWV during the follow-ups were included in the longitudinal study from March 1, 2010, to January 31, 2020. Cross-classification of body mass index (BMI) categories and metabolic health status created six groups. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between BMI-metabolic status phenotypes and baPWV in mono-factor and multi-factor models. ResultsThe results of cross-sectional and longitudinal investigation were basically the same, as the abnormality of baPWV increased with BMI categories in metabolically healthy participants, while the increasing tendency disappeared in metabolically unhealthy participants. A 1.6-fold, 2.8-fold increased risk for the new occurrence of arterial stiffness were documented in MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese participants compared to metabolically healthy normal weight controls in the fully adjusted model. Further stratified analysis shown that metabolic health status was an interaction factor between BMI and arterial stiffness in either study population (P<0.0001 for cross-sectional study and P=0.0003 for longitudinal study).ConclusionsMetabolic health status and BMI categories contribute to the progression of arterial stiffness, while BMI is positively associated with arterial stiffness only in metabolically healthy participants. Moreover, MHO is an intermediate stage between metabolically healthy and unhealthy status.Trial registration: ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489. Registered 24 August 2011 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=8050
The SGLT-2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Improves Myocardial Strain, Reduces Cardiac Fibrosis and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Non-Diabetic Mice Treated With Doxorubicin
Authors: Quagliariello Vincenzo , Laurentiis Michelino De , Rea Domenica , Barbieri Antonio , Monti Maria Gaia , Caronna Antonietta , Bonelli Annamaria , Botti Gerardo , Maurea Nicola 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEmpagliflozin (EMPA), a selective inhibitor of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2, reduced the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death in type 2 diabetic patients in the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME trial. Other clinical trials evaluated beneficial effects of empagliflozin in non-diabetic patients. We aimed to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin on myocardial strain of non-diabetic mice treated with doxorubicin evaluating changes in cardiac cytokine profile, fibrosis and apoptosis. Methods Preliminary cellular studies were performed on HL-1 human cardiomyocytes exposed to doxorubicin alone or combined to empagliflozin. Reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium homeostasis, expression of leukotrienes, NF-kB and interleukin-1β, 8 and 6 were analysed. C57Bl/6 mice were untreated (Sham, n=6) or treated for 10 days with doxorubicin (DOXO, n=6), empagliflozin (EMPA, n=6) or doxorubicin and empagliflozin (DOXO-EMPA, n=6). Radial and longitudinal strain were analysed through transthoracic echocardiography (Vevo 2100). Cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis were studied through Picrosirius red and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, respectively; interleukins were quantified in tissues through ELISA.ResultsA significant increase in intracellular calcium and pro-inflammatory markers associated to pro-oxidant mediators were seen after cell exposure to doxorubicin; co-incubation with empagliflozin reduced significantly the magnitude of the effects. Oral administration of empagliflozin in mice prevented the reduction of radial and longitudinal strain during treatment with doxorubicin, reduced significantly both cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. A reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, NLRP3 and NF-kB in heart, liver and kidney was also seen in DOXO-EMPA group (p<0.001).ConclusionEmpagliflozin reduced fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation in doxorubicin-treated mice, enhancing significantly the myocardial strain. These findings provides the proof of concept for translational studies designed to reduce adverse cardiovascular outcomes in non-diabetic cancer patients treated with doxorubicin.