bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive entomological survey and evaluation of the efficacy of different therapies on a suspected delusional parasitosis case
Authors: Soltan‐Alinejad Parisa , Vahedi Mozaffar , Turki Habibollah , Soltani Aboozar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveDelusional parasitosis (DP) is one type of psychotic disorders. It is a multifactorial disorder with different etiologies. Given that very little attention is paid to entomological survey in these cases, a comprehensive study was designed and performed for the first time in Iran on a suspected DP case and its home from Shiraz during 2018–2019.MethodsIn this study, entomological survey, dermatological studies, and psychological and psychiatric interventions were done respectively on a 40‐year‐old man who was referred to as a suspected case of DP.ResultsNo medical importance arthropods were collected from the patient's home. He was not infected with lice and other ectoparasites. Skin samples were negative for scabies, but he was infected with Demodex folliculorum at low level. Psychiatric studies showed that he was a secondary DP case with depression. No effect and partial remission were reported after treatment with risperidone (2–6 mg/d) and olanzapine (5 mg/d), respectively. Therapeutic effects of hypnotism were also not satisfactory.ConclusionsIn Iran, the most important challenges these patients faced with are as follows: the absence of a specific referral center, patients resort to self‐treatment or traditional methods, and lack of a certain duration and dosage of antipsychotic for these cases. Comprehensive clinical trials should be done on this rare syndrome at the national level for better understanding the epidemiological profile of DP and finding the best method of treatment for Persian community.
Engineered macrophage membrane‐enveloped nanomedicine for ameliorating myocardial infarction in a mouse model
Authors: Xue Yugang , Zeng Guangwei , Cheng Jin , Hu Jianqiang , Zhang Mingming , Li Yan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is the serious condition causing lots of death over the world. Myocytes apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis are three important factors implicated in pathogenesis of MI. Targeting these three factors has been shown to ameliorate MI and rescue cardiac function. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR) 199a‐3p protect against MI. In this study, we prepare macrophage membrane coated nanoparticles (MMNPs) containing miR199a‐3p. We evaluate the effects of these NPs on apoptosis and cell proliferation in vitro and the effects on inflammation cytokine production, expression of fibrosis related proteins, cardiac injuries, and functions in MI mice. We find that the MMNPs have receptors of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and can bind to these cytokines. MMNPs prevent hypoxia‐induced apoptosis and promote cell proliferation, suppress the inflammation, and inhibit the cardiac fibrosis in MI mice. These results demonstrate that MMNPs ameliorate left ventricular remodeling and cardiac functions, and protect against MI, suggesting MMNPs containing miR199a‐3p is a potential therapeutic approach to treat MI.
Time to Get Turned on by Chemical Biology
Authors: Long Marcus J. C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe pressing need for innovation in drug discovery is spurring the emergence of drugs that turn on protein function, as opposed to shutting activity down. Several pharmacophores usher protein target gain‐of‐function, for instance: PROTACs promote protein target degradation; other drug candidates have been reported to function through dominant‐negative inhibition of their target enzyme. Such classes of molecules are typically active at low target occupancy and display numerous advantages relative to canonical inhibitors, whose function is intrinsically tied to achieving, or exceeding a threshold occupancy. However, our ability to generally tap into gain‐of‐function processes through small molecule interventions is overall in its infancy. Herein, I outline how chemical biology is poised to help us bring this powerful idea to fruition. I further outline means through which gain‐of‐function events can be identified and harnessed.
Coronary anatomy and comorbidities impact on elective PCI outcomes in left main and multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Yager Neil , Schulman‐Marcus Joshua , Torosoff Mikhail 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of coronary anatomy, lesion complexity, and comorbidities on outcomes of elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in high‐risk patients with left main (LM) and/or multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) are not well studied, as these patients are typically underrepresented in the clinical trials.MethodsThis cohort study involved 33,568 consecutive elective PCI cases, excluding patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft, acute coronary syndrome within 24 hr of index PCI, or shock. All data were obtained from the New York State's PCI Reporting System from the calendar year 2015. In‐hospital mortality was the primary outcome of study. Logistic regression models were built to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for in‐hospital mortality after adjustment for coronary anatomy and significant clinical comorbidities.ResultsIn this cohort of elective PCI cases all cause in‐hospital mortality was low (0.3%), with a clear mortality gradient according to the extent of CAD: 0.1% in 1 vessel disease, 0.4% in 2 vessel, 0.5% in 3 vessel disease, and 3.2% in patients with LM CAD (p < .001). Mortality was also significantly increased in patients with multiple comorbidities: 0.1% in patients with 1 comorbidity, 0.7% with 2, 2.5% with 3, and 7.4% with 4 or more studied comorbidities (p < .0001). When adjusted for coronary anatomy and lesion complexity, having any 4 or more comorbidities was associated with significantly increased odds of dying after elective PCI (OR 25.9, 95% CI 8.152–82.063, p < .0001). Furthermore, when compared to patients with 3‐vessel CAD, and accounted for comorbidities, the patients with LM disease still had significantly increased (OR 5.254, 95% CI 3.104–8.891, p < .0001) odds of dying after elective PCI.ConclusionsIn patients undergoing elective PCI, multivessel CAD and particularly LM disease are associated with significantly increased all‐cause mortality. Furthermore, when adjusted for the extent of CAD and lesion complexity, comorbidity burden remains an important predictor of mortality.
Schwannoma of the lumbar spine, presenting with pain of the knee, like an osteoid osteoma, in a 10‐year‐old girl
Authors: Laliotis Nikolaos , Chrysanthou Chrysanthos , Baskinis Nikolaos , Konstandinidis Panagiotis , Giannakopoulou Lambrini , Zarampouka Katerina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLocalized pain in the absence of local lesion may represent referred pain from the spine, in a child, arising from a benign spinal schwannoma. It can be diagnosed by MRI. Surgical excision of the tumor relieves the symptoms.
Successful treatment of adult‐onset nesidioblastosis by continuous subcutaneous octreotide infusion in a patient on hemodialysis
Authors: Kato Rina , Nishimura Akihiro , Matsumura Kimio , Kikuno Shota , Nagasawa Kaoru , Mori Yasumichi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOctreotide may be useful in noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome with nesidioblastosis patients who was on hemodialysis. Continuous octreotide subcutaneous infusion can reduce side‐effects and stabilize plasma glucose levels.
A late presenting left‐sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair complicated by postoperative chylothorax: A case report
Authors: Upadhaya Sandesh Raj , Joshi Utsav , Gyawali Sagar , Thapa Bijay , Thapa Anupama 
Published: November 2020

AbstractManagement of chylothorax after repair of late presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia is debatable. Conservative management in the form of close monitoring of chylous output with nutritional support appears convincing to surgery.
The Dual Capacity Contribution Mechanism of SnSb‐Anchored Nitrogen‐Doped 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide Enhances the Performance of Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Guoju , Zeng Shuyi , Duan Lianfeng , Zhang Xueyu , Wang Liying , Yang Xijia , Li Xuesong , Lü Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNanoscale SnSb alloys exhibit lower expansion rates and outstanding electrochemical properties, owing to the synergy between Sn and Sb for anode materials of sodium‐ion batteries. However, nanomaterials with a high surface energy tend to aggregate and form larger secondary particles, limiting their further application. Herein, SnSb nanoparticles are prepared and distributed in three‐dimensional networks of N‐doped reduced graphene oxide (3D‐rNGO), which plays a crucial role in inhibiting the agglomeration of SnSb nanoparticles, thereby promoting the capacitive contribution of surface drive. More importantly, the three‐dimensional structure has a high specific surface area and the active region introduced by N doping can contact and adsorb more sodium ions as part of the electrochemical behavior, making the SnSb/3D‐rNGO anode not only contribute capacity through a diffusion process, but also provide a capacitive contribution through a surface‐driven mechanism. The results of the electrochemical analysis showed that SnSb/3D‐rNGO, as the anode of a sodium‐ion battery, exhibits a high specific capacity of 1169.6 mAh g−1, a reversible capacity of 55 % at 0.1 C, and maintains a capacity of 479.3 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. It is suitable for energy storage precisely because of the double capacity contribution mechanism.
Discordant Supramolecular Fibres Reversibly Depolymerised by Temperature and Light
Authors: Gerth Marieke , Berrocal José Augusto , Bochicchio Davide , Pavan Giovanni M. , Voets Ilja K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSynthetic stimuli responsive supramolecular polymers attract increasing interest for their ability to mimic the unique properties of natural assemblies. Here we focus on the well‐studied benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide (BTA) motif, and substitute it with two (S)‐3,7‐dimethyloctyl groups and an azobenzene photoswitch. We demonstrate the UV (λ=365 nm) induced depolymerisation of the helical hydrogen‐bonded polymers in methylcyclohexane (MCH) through circular dichroism and UV‐vis spectroscopy in dilute solution (15 μm), and NMR and iPAINT super‐resolution microscopy in concentrated solution (300 μm). The superstructure can be regenerated after thermal depolymerization, whilst repeated depolymerisation can be reversed without degradation by irradiating at λ=455 nm. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the most energetically favourable configuration for these polymers in MCH is a left‐handed helical network of hydrogen‐bonds between the BTA cores surrounded by two right‐handed helices of azobenzenes. The responsiveness to two orthogonal triggers across a broad concentration range holds promise for use in, for example, photo‐responsive gelation.
General Synthesis of Sulfonate‐Based Metal–Organic Framework Derived Composite of MxSy@N/S‐Doped Carbon for High‐Performance Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Lin , Han Lijing , Liu Xingjiang , Li Yafeng , Wei Mingdeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA general and simple strategy is realized for the first time for the preparation of metal sulfide (MxSy) nanoparticles immobilized into N/S co‐doped carbon (NSC) through a one‐step pyrolysis method. The organic ligand 1,5‐naphthalenedisulfonic acid in the metal–organic framework (MOF) precursor is used as a sulfur source, and metal ions are sulfurized in situ to form MxSy nanoparticles, resulting in the formation of MxSy/NSC (M=Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Zn) composites. Benefiting from the MxSy nanoparticles and conductive carbon, a synergistic effect of the composite is achieved. For instance, the composite of Fe7S8/NSC as an anode displays excellent long‐term cycling stability in lithium/sodium ion batteries. At 5 A g−1, large capacities of 645 mA h g−1 and 426.6 mA h g−1 can be retained after 1500 cycles for the lithium‐ion battery and after 1000 cycles for the sodium‐ion battery, respectively.
The Unexpected Base‐Pairing Behavior of Cyanuric Acid in RNA and Ribose versus Cyanuric Acid Induced Helicene Assembly of Nucleic Acids: Implications for the Pre‐RNA Paradigm
Authors: Anderson Brooke A. , Fauché Kévin , Karunakaran Suneesh C. , Yerabolu Jayasudhan R. , Hud Nicholas V. , Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe cyanuric acid (CA) heterocycle forms supramolecular structures with adenine nucleobases/nucleosides and oligonucleotides, leading to speculation that they can act as forerunners to RNA. Herein, the assembly behavior of RNA containing CA and CA–ribose nucleoside was studied. Contrary to previous reports, CA in RNA and the CA‐ribonucleoside resulted in destabilization of supramolecular assemblies, which led to a reevaluation of the CA–adenine hexameric rosette structure. An unprecedented noncovalent supramolecular helicene structure is proposed to account for the striking difference in behavior, which has implications for novel paradigms for reorganizing the structures of nucleic acids, the synthesis of long helicenes, and pre‐RNA world paradigms. The results caution against extrapolating the self‐assembly behavior of individual heterocycles from the level of monomers to oligomers because the base‐paring properties of (non‐)canonical nucleobases are impacted by the type of oligomeric backbone to which they are attached.
Graphene Oxide‐Hyperbranched Polyethyleneimine Fabricated and Stabilized AuNPs Nanocomposites for Colorimetric Detection of Silver Ions Based on a Non‐Aggregation Mechanism
Authors: Bian Jie , Li Yuxi , Zhu Chenxue , Liu Xunyong , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHighly water‐soluble GO‐HPEI was prepared by modifying graphene oxide (GO) with hyperbranched polyethylenimine (HPEI) containing a large number of amines to solve the problem of poor water‐solubility of GO. Using GO‐HPEI as reducing agent and stabilizer, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) based colorimetric probe (GO‐HPEI/AuNPs) with thermal stability up to 130 °C and high salt resistance was prepared in situ. The morphology and structure of GO‐HPEI/AuNPs were characterized by XPS, FTIR, TEM, DLS and Zeta potential. The GO‐HPEI/AuNPs can detect silver ions (Ag+) through the formation of non‐aggregated and stabilized Au−Ag core‐shell nanoparticles. The unusual sensing mechanism endowed this sensor with unique color variation and high selectivity. The GO‐HPEI/AuNPs sensor exhibited an obvious color change from red to ochre yellow and high sensitivity (LOD=54.9 nM) with a good linear relationship in the range of 0–65.7 μM (R2=0.9903). Furthermore, this colorimetric sensor was successfully applied to detect Ag+ in real water samples. Therefore, the GO‐HPEI/AuNPs sensor based on the formation of new nanomaterials has great potential for detecting Ag+ and analytical applications.
Shared Resource Laboratory Operations: Changes Made During Initial Global COVID‐19 Lockdown of 2020
Authors: Back Jessica B. , Chadick Cora H. , Garcia Vallejo Juan J. , Orlowski‐Oliver Eva , Patel Radhika , Roe Caroline E. , Srivastava Jane , Walker Rachael V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUndoubtedly, the global pandemic caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus has had a significant impact on Shared Resource Laboratories (SRL) operations worldwide. Unlike other crises (e.g., natural disasters, acts of war, or terrorism) which often result in a sudden and sustained cessation of scientific research usually affecting one or two cities at a time, this impact is being seen simultaneously in every SRL worldwide albeit to a varying degree. The alterations to SRL operations caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic can generally be divided into three categories: (1) complete shutdown, (2) partial shutdown, and (3) uninterrupted operations. In many cases, SRLs that remained partially or fully operational during the initial wave of global infections saw a concurrent increase in COVID‐19‐related research coming through their facilities. This forced SRLs to make rapid adjustments to core operations at the same time as infectious disease experts were still developing recommendations for the safety of frontline medical workers. Although many SRLs already had contingency plans in place, this pandemic has highlighted the importance of having such plans for continuity of service, if possible, during a crisis. Immediate changes have occurred in the way SRLs operate due to potential virus transmission and in line with this new “Best Practices” have been established, that is,social distancing, remote working, and technology‐based meetings and training. Many of these changes are likely to be in place for some time with the threat of further waves of infections toward the end of 2020 and into 2021. Some of these best practices, such as having many training resources recorded and available online, are likely to remain long‐term. Although many changes have been made in haste, these will alter the future operations of SRLs. In addition, we have learnt how to deal with future crises that may be encountered in the workplace. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Partial and complete dependency among data sets has minimal consequence on estimates from integrated population models
Authors: Weegman Mitch D. , Arnold Todd W. , Clark Robert G. , Schaub Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntegrated population models (IPMs) are widely used to combine disparate data sets in joint analysis to better understand population dynamics and provide guidance for conservation activities. An often‐cited assumption of IPMs is independence among component data sets within the combined likelihood. Dependency among data sets should lead to underestimation of variance and bias because individuals contribute data to more than one data set. In practice, studied individuals often occur in multiple data sets in IPMs (i.e., overlap), which is one way for the independence assumption to be violated. Such cases have the potential to dissuade practitioners and limit application of IPMs to solve emerging ecological problems. We assessed precision and bias of demographic rates estimated from IPMs using a complete gradient (0–100%) of overlap among data sets, wide ranges in demographic rates (e.g., survival 0.1–0.8) and sample sizes (100–1,200 individuals) and variable data sources. We compared results from our simulations with those from IPMs constructed using empirical data on tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) where data sets either had complete overlap or included different individuals. Contrary to previous investigators, we found no substantive bias or uncertainty in any demographic rate from IPMs derived from data sets with complete overlap. While variability in demographic rates was greater at low sample sizes (i.e., low capture, recapture, and survey probabilities), there were negligible differences in the posterior mean or root mean square error of demographic rates among IPMs with strong dependence vs. complete independence among data sets. Our simulations suggest IPMs can be designed using only capture–recapture data or harvest and capture‐recovery data where population estimates are obtained from the same data as survival and productivity data. While we encourage researchers to carefully consider the modeling approach best suited for their data sets, our results suggest that dependence among data sets does not generally compromise IPM estimates. Thus, violation of the independence assumption should not dissuade researchers from the application of IPMs in ecological research.
Use of artificial structures to enhance fish diversity in the Youjiang River, a dammed river of the Pearl River in China
Authors: Guo Dingli , Zhou Lei , Wang Gongpei , Lai Han , Bi Sheng , Chen Xiaoli , Zhao Xiaopin , Liu Shuang , Luo Yong , Li Guifeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe fragmentation and homogenization of habitats have seriously affected the fishery resources of the Pearl River. To protect the fishery resources, a novel artificial habitat, constructed using bamboo and palm slices, was deployed in the Youjiang River, a tributary of the Pearl River in China. The results of field and laboratory experiments showed that fish abundance, species richness and Shannon–Wiener diversity index were higher in the artificial habitats than at the control sites. There was no significant impact on fish biomass, as the artificial habitats attracted more Cultrinae and Gobioninae fish that are of a smaller size. Artificial habitats can serve as spawning grounds for fish that produce sticky eggs and refuges that improve the survival rates of juvenile fishes. This study revealed that this novel artificial habitat created suitable habitats and suitable spawning substrate for fish, improved fish richness and diversity in the structureless freshwater ecosystem like the Youjiang River.
Bismuth Detection in Alkaline Electrolyte via Anodic Stripping Voltammetry for Battery Separator Evaluation
Authors: Arnot David J. , Lambert Timothy N. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has been widely used for the detection of several heavy metal ions in neutral and acidic solution, in many cases employing electrodes and/or solutions incorporating Bi. In this work we demonstrate that Bi(OH)4− ion concentration can be measured in highly alkaline 8.5 M KOH solution using ASV. The addition of Pb in similar concentrations to the Bi(OH)4− being measured is shown to improve both the sensitivity and precision of the method. When the Pb additive is employed, a formal limit of detection of 8.5 ppb is achieved, compared to 17.3 ppb when the Pb additive is not used. Due to the use of Bi additives in alkaline battery chemistries, it follows that separators which limit Bi(OH)4− diffusion into the bulk electrolyte and away from the electrodes are of interest. For this purpose, we utilize ASV to determine Bi(OH)4− diffusion rates through Celgard 3501, cellophane 350P00, and Nafion 211. Bi(OH)4− crossover rates, as determined by ASV, are shown to be repeatable and consistent with expectations from the known separator structure.
Dissolution kinetics of metallic zinc obtained from spent zinc‐carbon batteries in nitric acid solutions
Authors: Demirkıran Nizamettin , Şenel Merve 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, the dissolution kinetics of metallic zinc pieces obtained from waste zinc–carbon batteries was investigated using nitric acid solutions. The effects of the concentration of nitric acid, amount of metallic zinc, reaction temperature and stirring speed on the dissolution process were determined, and a mathematical model to represent the dissolution kinetics was presented. It was observed that the dissolution rate increased with increasing nitric acid concentration, stirring speed and reaction temperature and with decreasing amount of metallic zinc. While the concentration of nitric acid, reaction temperature, stirring speed, amount of zinc, and reaction time were 0.15 M, 30°C, 400 rpm, 0.1 g, and 20 min, respectively, the amount of dissolved zinc was found to be 98.3%. The result of the kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution rate fit to the pseudo‐first order kinetic. The activation energy for the dissolution process was calculated to be 12.89 kJ/mol. It was determined that the dissolution process was controlled by diffusion. Zinc ions in the resulting solution after the dissolution treatment was recovered by precipitation method using sodium bicarbonate solution. It was determined that zinc ions were precipitated as zinc hydroxy‐carbonate compound. Zinc compound obtained was subjected to the calcination treatment, and zinc oxide was produced.