bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review: 3D printing of microwave absorption ceramics
Authors: Wang Tingting , Lu Xuefeng , Wang Ao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlong with extensive research on the 3D printing and microwave absorption ceramics, 3D printing technology provides a great possibility for microwave absorption ceramics with arbitrary shapes in a faster, cheaper and more flexible way. This review focuses on the latest evolution in the raw materials, the structure design and the advanced additive manufacturing technologies of 3D printing microwave absorption ceramics. Firstly, the representative raw materials are divided into three categories, including ceramic powder, cermet powder and precursor resin. In addition, additives give rise to improvement of microwave absorption properties of ceramics. Secondly, based on two attenuation theories, structure design makes further efforts to enhance the microwave absorption performance of ceramics. Finally, comparisons are made between diversified manufacturing technologies to facilitate the selection of the best ones for different application in practical use. This study presents a summary of research that has been conducted to produce microwave absorption ceramics by additive manufacturing.
The pro‐environmental consumer discourse: A political perspective on organic food consumption
Authors: Saraiva Artur , Fernandes Emília , von Schwedler Moritz 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConsidering Zygmunt Bauman's concept of ‘liquid modernity’ as its starting point, this paper focuses on the need to research alternative methods of consumption and production from an ecological standpoint. Based on 31 in‐depth interviews with highly committed organic consumers residing in urban and rural areas of Portugal, this paper aims to explore the shared discourses which inform on environmentally motivated consumption and its relations with consumers' lives. In order to analyse the qualitative data, discourse analysis was used, while supplemented by content analysis. It was found that the topics converge towards a political consumer discourse featuring three dimensions: the politics of production, the politics of localism and activism. Consumers argue that, by producing their own food according to the principles of agroecology, by looking for organic food within a local context, and by privileging community‐based market channels, they are materializing alternative ideas of social economy, community and ecology. The results of this research provide a better understanding on the establishment of an alternative pathway towards the privatization of responsibility into collective action through the consumption of organic products and the way these are produced.
Influence of kappa‐carrageenan on the gel properties of auricularia auricular‐judae during freeze–thaw cycles
Authors: Dong Yue , Huang Zhanwang , Niu Liya , Xiao Jianhui 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe effect of kappa‐carrageenan (kC) on the properties of AAJ gel during freeze–thaw cycles (FTC) was investigated in this paper. The results showed that a greater amount of kC significantly increased the storage modulus to a greater extent for cycling 1–7 times, indicating kC enhanced the gel‐like properties of AAJ supported by TPA during FTC. Moreover, reducing the amount of freezable water and enhancing the water holding capacity of AAJ gel demonstrated by the shorter relaxation times and strengthened hydrogen bonding after the addition of kC were determined by LF‐NMR and FT‐IR. In addition, more crystallites and higher peak intensity based on DSC and XRD, as well as more uniform and ordered honeycomb‐like holes in AAJ gel observed by SEM formed by the addition of kC helped for reducing damages from FTC. The findings suggested that 20% kC was significant for developing and improving novel AAJ‐based foods.
Textural and physicochemical predictors of sensory texture and sweetness of boiled plantain
Authors: Kouassi Hermann Antonin , Assemand Emma Fernande , Gibert Olivier , Maraval Isabelle , Ricci Julien , Thiemele Deless Edmond Fulgence , Bugaud Christophe 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBoiled pulp is a major form of consumption for plantain. We assessed instrumental (puncture test and texture profile analysis) and sensory texture attributes of 13 plantain cultivars, two cooking hybrids and one dessert banana at different stages of ripeness after cooking in boiling water. Firmness, chewiness, stickiness, mealiness, sweetness and moistness described sensory variability, which was greater between stages of ripeness than between types of cultivars. Firmness and chewiness were well‐predicted by instrumental force and hardness (r2 > 0.72), and by soluble solid and dry matter content (r2 > 0.85). Complementary sensitivity analysis revealed that a pulp puncture force or a hardness of at least 2.1 N or of 0.3 N/mm2 was needed before a difference in firmness or chewiness could be perceived; a Brix of 3.7 was required to ensure a detectable difference in sweetness. Rheological and biochemical predictors can be useful for breeders for high‐throughput phenotyping.
L’évolution démographique et l’automatisation, deux enjeux mondiaux pour l’avenir du travail
Authors: ABELIANSKY Ana L. , ALGUR Eda , BLOOM David E. , PRETTNER Klaus 
Published: August 2020

RésuméLes auteurs s'interrogent sur le nombre des emplois qu'il conviendra de créer demain pour répondre aux besoins engendrés par l'évolution démographique, économique et technologique. Ils font le calcul pour la période 2020‐2030, en se fondant sur des projections de croissance démographique et de taux d'activité et en fixant des taux de chômage cibles. Les résultats sont ventilés par âge et par sexe. Les auteurs tiennent compte également de l'influence du niveau de revenu du pays et de l'automatisation. D'après leurs projections, les besoins de création d'emplois atteindront 340 millions en 2020‐2030, et ils seront imputables à l'évolution démographique bien plus qu'à l'automatisation.
Behavior and development of larvae in the sponge Haliclona amboinensis
Authors: Nada Michael Angelou L. , Baquiran Jake Ivan P. , Cabaitan Patrick C. , Conaco Cecilia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSponges play important roles in marine ecosystems by contributing to habitat complexity and benthopelagic coupling of nutrients. Yet, the reproduction and settlement behaviors of diverse sponge species are not well understood. Here, we examined the brooding demosponge Haliclona amboinensis, which is common on shallow reefs in Bolinao, northwestern Philippines. Gravid sponges were found between the months of May and August, coinciding with warmer sea surface temperature. Sponges released parenchymella larvae from brood chambers in the mid‐morning, suggesting that light and temperature may serve as cues to initiate hatching. Larvae immediately swam toward the surface upon emergence and migrated to the bottom of the tanks 1–2 hr after release. The presence of light and crustose coralline algae induced high larval settlement. Metamorphosis proceeded rapidly in vitro, with larval cells spreading laterally on the substrate. The osculum was first visible at 3 days after settlement. The short pelagic duration of larvae in H. amboinensis promotes local recruitment and may be important for the maintenance of sponge populations in the face of disturbances.
Hexavalent (Me ‐ W/Mo)‐modified (Ba,Ca)TiO3‐Bi(Mg,Me)O3 perovskites for high‐temperature dielectrics
Authors: Schulz Thomas , Veerapandiyan Vignaswaran K. , Gindel Theresa , Deluca Marco , Töpfer Jörg 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe report on the synthesis of complex lead‐free perovskite‐type (1−x)(Ba0.8Ca0.2)TiO3–xBi(Mg0.75W0.25)O3 (BCT‐xBMW) and (1−x)(Ba0.8Ca0.2)TiO3‐xBi(Mg0.75Mo0.25)O3 (BCT‐xBMM) solid solutions via conventional solid‐state reaction route. The sintering temperature was adjusted as a function of composition x to obtain dense samples (relative densities over 95%) at the same time minimizing bismuth evaporation. X‐ray diffraction analysis shows the formation of single‐phase perovskites for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10 in the BCT‐xBMW series and increasing concentrations of impurity phases for x ≥ 0.15 and for x ≥ 0.05 in BCT‐xBMM. A transition from a tetragonal to pseudo‐cubic perovskite structure is observed in BCT‐xBMW and BCT‐xBMM at x = 0.05. The dielectric response has been characterized between −60°C and 300°C for BCT‐xBMW, and between 30°C and 300°C for BCT‐xBMM using impedance spectroscopy, showing a transition from ferroelectric to relaxor‐like behavior at x ≥ 0.05. Additional polarization and Raman spectroscopy measurements reveal the occurrence of highly disordered systems. Analysis of the Raman spectra indicates structural phase changes and lattice modifications caused by chemical substitution. For the composition 0.8Ba0.8Ca0.2TiO3‐0.2Bi(Mg0.75W0.25)O3, a temperature‐stable permittivity of about 600 (±15% between −60°C and 300°C) and small losses of tanδ < 0.02 for T ≤ 230°C at 1 kHz are observed, making it a suitable dielectric material for high‐temperature capacitors.
A novel antisense lncRNA NT5E promotes progression by modulating the expression of SYNCRIP and predicts a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Pengbo , Cao Meng , Zhang Yi , Xu Lei , Meng Fanchao , Wu Xinquan , Xia Tianfang , Chen Qun , Shi Guodong , Wu Pengfei , Chen Lei , Lu Zipeng , Yin Jie , Cai Baobao , Cao Shouji , Miao Yi , Jiang Kuirong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA novel antisense lncRNA NT5E was identified in a previous microarray that was clearly up‐regulated in pancreatic cancer (PC) tissues. However, its biological function remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore its function and clinical significance in PC. The lncNT5E expression was determined in PC specimens and cell lines. In vitro and in vivo studies detected the impact of lncNT5E depletion on PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Western blotting investigated the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. The interaction between lncNT5E and the promoter region of SYNCRIP was detected by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The role of lncNT5E in modulating SYNCRIP was investigated in vitro. Our results showed that lncNT5E was significantly up‐regulated in PC tissues and cell lines and associated with poor prognosis. LncNT5E depletion inhibited PC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in vitro and caused tumorigenesis arrest in vivo. Furthermore, SYNCRIP knockdown had effects similar to those of lncNT5E depletion. A significant positive relationship was observed between lncNT5E and SYNCRIP. Moreover, the dual‐luciferase reporter assays indicated that lncNT5E depletion significantly inhibited SYNCRIP promoter activity. Importantly, the malignant phenotypes of lncNT5E depletion were rescued by overexpressing SYNCRIP. In conclusion, lncNT5E predicts poor prognosis and promotes PC progression by modulating SYNCRIP expression.
Modernization of Environmental Reporting as a Tool to Improve the European Commission's Regulatory Monitoring Capacity
Authors: Bürgin Alexander 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent reforms in the reporting and monitoring process, in particular enabled by advances in digital technology, have made three main contributions to the European Commission's capacity to monitor member states' compliance with EU environmental law. First, quicker access to data has been achieved by increased levels of publicly available electronic data, data processing by the European Environmental Agency, and data harvesting at EU level. Second, comparability of data has been improved by a change to indicator reporting from textual‐based reporting. Finally, improved data from the EU's Earth observation programme, Copernicus, allows better real‐time access to data and double‐check the information provided by the member states. These findings suggest that the digital transformation opens new opportunities for strengthening the Commission's role as enforcer of EU law. However, the improvements in the Commission's monitoring capacity are recent, and quicker access to better data is only one among a number of factors influencing its monitoring capacity.
Human surface anatomy terminology for dermatology: a Delphi consensus from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration
Authors: Navarrete‐Dechent C. , Liopyris K. , Molenda M.A. , Braun R. , Curiel‐Lewandrowski C. , Dusza S.W. , Guitera P. , Hofmann‐Wellenhof R. , Kittler H. , Lallas A. , Malvehy J. , Marchetti M.A. , Oliviero M. , Pellacani G. , Puig S. , Soyer H.P. , Tejasvi T. , Thomas L. , Tschandl P. , Scope A. , Marghoob A.A. , Halpern A.C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is no internationally vetted set of anatomic terms to describe human surface anatomy.ObjectiveTo establish expert consensus on a standardized set of terms that describe clinically relevant human surface anatomy.MethodsWe conducted a Delphi consensus on surface anatomy terminology between July 2017 and July 2019. The initial survey included 385 anatomic terms, organized in seven levels of hierarchy. If agreement exceeded the 75% established threshold, the term was considered ‘accepted’ and included in the final list. Terms added by the participants were passed on to the next round of consensus. Terms with <75% agreement were included in subsequent surveys along with alternative terms proposed by participants until agreement was reached on all terms.ResultsThe Delphi included 21 participants. We found consensus (≥75% agreement) on 361/385 (93.8%) terms and eliminated one term in the first round. Of 49 new terms suggested by participants, 45 were added via consensus. To adjust for a recently published International Classification of Diseases‐Surface Topography list of terms, a third survey including 111 discrepant terms was sent to participants. Finally, a total of 513 terms reached agreement via the Delphi method.ConclusionsWe have established a set of 513 clinically relevant terms for denoting human surface anatomy, towards the use of standardized terminology in dermatologic documentation.
Ascending speed and nocturnal activity of adult masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou Brevoort) during upstream migration
Authors: Ohkuma Kazumasa , Abe Kunio , Kagaya Manabu , Yamaya Kazuyuki , Okukawa Motokazu , Watanabe Masa‐aki , Yamamoto Takeo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe released five adult masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) tagged with external transmitters to track their ascending behaviour. The signals of all specimens were recorded in the upper area of the river system. Two patterns of ascending behaviour were recognized: ascending upward immediately after release and ascending during increased river discharge. The fastest ascending speed was about 1000 m h–1. Active movements were detected at night. The signal recording duration at each receiver for each fish was generally brief. Most fish did not stay at the pools where the receivers were installed.
Nucleobindin 2/nesfatin‐1 expression and colocalisation with neuropeptide Y and cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript in the human brainstem
Authors: Psilopanagioti Aristea , Makrygianni Maria , Nikou Sofia , Logotheti Souzana , Papadaki Helen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFeeding is a complex behaviour entailing elaborate interactions between forebrain, hypothalamic and brainstem neuronal circuits via multiple orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides. Nucleobindin‐2 (NUCB2)/nesfatin‐1 is a negative regulator of food intake and body weight with a widespread distribution in rodent brainstem nuclei. However, its localisation pattern in the human brainstem is unknown. The present study aimed to explore NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 immunoexpression in human brainstem nuclei and its possible correlation with body weight. Sections of human brainstem from 20 autopsy cases (13 males, seven females; eight normal weight, six overweight, six obese) were examined using immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence labelling. Strong immunoreactivity for NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 was displayed in various brainstem areas, including the locus coeruleus, medial and lateral parabrachial nuclei, pontine nuclei, raphe nuclei, nucleus of the solitary tract, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (10N), area postrema, hypoglossal nucleus, reticular formation, inferior olive, cuneate nucleus, and spinal trigeminal nucleus. NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 was shown to extensively colocalise with neuropeptide Y and cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript in the locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe nucleus and solitary tract. Interestingly, in the examined cases, NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 protein expression was lower in obese than normal weight subjects in the solitary tract (P = 0.020). The findings of the present study provide neuroanatomical support for a role for NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 in feeding behaviour and energy balance. The widespread distribution of NUCB2/nesfatin‐1 in the human brainstem nuclei may be indicative of its pleiotropic effects on autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioural processes. In the solitary tract, a key integrator of energy status, altered neurochemistry may contribute to obesity. Further research is necessary to decipher human brainstem energy homeostasis circuitry, which, despite its importance, remains inadequately characterised.
The Segond fracture occurs at the site of lowest sub‐entheseal trabecular bone volume fraction on the tibial plateau
Authors: Mullins William , Jarvis Gavin E. , Oluboyede Daniel , Skingle Linda , Poole Ken , Turmezei Tom , Brassett Cecilia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn a series of human cadaveric experiments, Dr. Paul Segond first described the avulsion injury occurring at the anterolateral tibial plateau that later took his name. The fracture is thought to arise as a consequence of excessive tibia internal rotation which often also elicits damage to other connective tissue of the knee. The exact mechanism behind the avulsion is, however, unclear. A number of ligamentous structures have been proposed in separate studies to insert into the Segond fragment. Suggestions include the iliotibial band (ITB), biceps femoris and the controversial ‘anterolateral ligament’ (ALL). Despite increasing knowledge of tibial plateau bony microarchitecture in both healthy and disease states, no studies have yet, to our knowledge, considered the role of tibial sub‐entheseal bone structure in pathogenesis of the Segond fracture. The goal of this study was thus to elucidate the differences in trabecular properties at regions across the tibial plateau in order to provide an explanation for the susceptibility of the anterolateral region to avulsion injury. Twenty human tibial plateaus from cadaveric donors were dissected and imaged using a Nikon‐XTH225‐μCT scanner with <80 μm isotropic voxel size. Scans were reconstructed using MicroView 3D Image Viewer and Analysis Tool. Subsequent virtual biopsy at ten anatomically defined regions of interest (ROI) generated estimates of bone volume fraction (‘bone volume divided by total volume’ (BV/TV)). The overall mean BV/TV value across all 20 tibiae and all 10 ROIs was 0.271. Univariate repeated‐measurements ANOVA demonstrated that BV/TV values differed between ROIs. BV/TV values at the Segond site (Sα, Sβ or Sγ) were lower than all other ROIs at 0.195, 0.192 and 0.193, respectively. This suggests that, notwithstanding inter‐ and intra‐specimen variation, the Segond site tends to have a lower trabecular bone volume fraction than entheseal sites elsewhere on the tibia. Since BV/TV correlates with tensile and torsional strength, the lower BV/TV at the Segond site could equate to a region of local weakness in certain individuals which predisposes them to an avulsion injury following the application of force from excessive internal rotation. The low BV/TV recorded at the Segond site also challenges the idea that the fracture occurs due to pull from a discrete ‘anterolateral ligament’, as the tension exerted focally would be expected to elicit a hypertrophic response in line with Frost's Mechanostat hypothesis. Our data would instead agree with the aforementioned reports of the fibrous band at the Segond site being part of a broader insertion of an ‘anterolateral complex’.
Increased usage of smartphones during COVID‐19: Is that blue light causing skin damage?
Authors: Jakhar Deepak , Kaul Subuhi , Kaur Ishmeet 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent reports across the world indicate a tremendous increase in smartphone usage during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This increased use is understandable given the unique international strategies put in place to reduce viral transmission, such as “lockdown” and “work from home”. People are keeping themselves busy by browsing the Internet, using social media, watching tele‐programs, playing games, chatting with friends and/or family, shopping online, etc With increased usage of smartphones, people are getting increased exposure of blue light. Blue light at various wavelengths and variable duration of exposure can cause oxidative damage to skin cells.
Dually Authenticated and Doubly Modern: Institutionalizing jach maaya in the Yucatan Today
Authors: Rhodes Catherine R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLinguistic purist ideologies circulate widely on the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico. Yucatec Maya speakers differentiate a ‘pure,” “authentic” Maya located in the past from a “mixed,” “corrupted” Maya located in the present. Today, the ideologically “pure,” “authentic” Maya of the past, jach maaya, is gaining a new center of authenticity in the present through its increasing institutionalization. This project is doubly modern in its temporal rupture, which engages the past as authentic and enduring, and rupture with society, which rejects vernacular Maya for institutionally authoritative language practices, produced largely through the science of linguistics. Authenticating jach maaya today through increased institutionalization holds implications for Maya speakers’ livelihoods, vernacular language practices, and understandings of Maya‐ness, as well as for the future of these.
Acting Intuition into Sense: How Film Crews Make Sense with Embodied Ways of Knowing
Authors: Meziani Nora , Cabantous Laure 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study contributes to a holistic understanding of sensemaking by going beyond the mind–body dualism. To do so, we focus analytically on a phenomenon that operates at the nexus of mind and body: intuition. By observing four film crews, we unpack how people act their intuition into sense – that is, how they transform, through action, an initial sense (intuition) that is tacit, intimate, and complex into one that is publicly displayed, simpler, and ordered (i.e., a developed sense). Our model identifies two sensemaking trajectories, each of which involves several bodily actions (e.g., displaying feelings, working hands‐on, speaking assertively). These actions enable intuition to express a facet of itself and acquire new properties. This study makes three important contributions. First, it develops the holistic‐relational character of sensemaking by locating it in the relations among multiple loci (cognition, language, body, and materiality) rather than in each one disjunctively. Second, it theorizes embodied sensemaking as a transformative process entailing a rich repertoire of bodily actions. Third, it extends sensemaking research by attending to the physicality and materiality of language in embodied sensemaking.