bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes by Inserting Multiple Poly(methyl methacrylate) as Electron‐Blocking Layers
Authors: Rahmati Mohammad , Dayneko Sergey , Pahlevani Majid , Shi Yujun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work presents a new device architecture integrating multiple poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) electron‐blocking layers (EBL) in quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QD‐LEDs). The device utilizes red‐emitting CdSe/ZnS QD with a novel structure where multiple PMMA EBLs are sandwiched between a pair of QD layers. A systematic optimization of QD‐LED structures has shown that a device including two PMMA and three QD layers performs the best, achieving a current efficiency of 17.8 cd A−1 and a luminance of 194 038 cd m−2. Numerical simulation of a simplified model of the proposed QD‐LED structure verifies that the structure consisting of two PMMA and three QD layers provides significant improvement in electroluminescent intensity. The simulation provides further insight into the origin of the effect of the PMMA EBL by showing that the addition of PMMA EBL reduces the electron leakage from the active QD region and enhances electron confinement, leading to an increased electron concentration in the QD active layers and a higher radiative recombination rate. The experimental and theoretical studies presented in this work demonstrate that multiple layers of PMMA can act as efficient EBLs in the fabrication of QD‐LEDs of improved performance.
Bubble Architectures for Locally Resonant Acoustic Metamaterials
Authors: Cai Zheren , Zhao Shengdong , Huang Zhandong , Li Zheng , Su Meng , Zhang Zeying , Zhao Zhipeng , Hu Xiaotian , Wang Yue‐Sheng , Song Yanlin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSoft acoustic metamaterials that embed soft materials in a host media have promising applications in aqueous environments. However, the preparation of soft metamaterials under water and realization of low‐frequency soft acoustic metamaterials remains a challenge. By combining 3D printing technology and surface hydrophobic properties, this work presents a general approach to construct 3D soft acoustic metamaterials using bubbles as resonator units. Low‐frequency broadband locally resonant metamaterials can be realized using patterned bubbles with bandgaps that are orders of magnitude wider than other locally resonant metamaterials. In addition, a water‐to‐air ultratransmission metasurface is prepared by patterning a layer of bubbles beneath the water surface, which allows for the ultratransmission of sound across an air–water interface. This strategy opens up promising avenues for many applications based on locally resonant metamaterials such as deep subwavelength acoustic superlenses or negative‐refraction metamaterials.
Flexible Conductive Composites with Programmed Electrical Anisotropy Using Acoustophoresis
Authors: Melchert Drew S. , Collino Rachel R. , Ray Tyler R. , Dolinski Neil D. , Friedrich Leanne , Begley Matthew R. , Gianola Daniel S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDeveloping mechanically flexible composite materials with high electrical conductivity is currently hindered by the need to use high loading of conductive filler, which severely limits flexibility. Here, acoustic focusing is used to control arrangement of conductive particles in photopolymer matrices to create composites with both tunable conductivity and flexibility. Acoustophoresis patterns filler particles into highly efficient percolated networks which utilize up to 97% of the particles in the composite, whereas the inefficient stochastic networks of conventional dispersed‐fiber composites utilize <5%. These patterned materials have conductivity an order of magnitude higher than conventional composites made with the same ink, reaching 48% the conductivity of bulk silver within the assembled silver‐particle networks (at 2.6 vol% loading). They also have low particle loading so that they are flexible, withstanding >500 bending cycles without losses in conductivity and changing conductivity only 5% within cycles on average. In contrast, conventional unpatterned composites with the same conductivity require such high loading that they are prohibitively brittle. Finally, modulating the applied acoustic field controls the anisotropy of the conductive networks and produces materials which are either 2D conductive, 1D conductive, or insulating, using the same nozzle and ink, paving the way for versatile multifunctional 3D printing.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reaction of Aryl 2‐Pyridyl Ethers with Silylzinc Chlorides: Silylation of Aryl 2‐Pyridyl Ethers via Cleavage of the Carbon−Oxygen Bond
Authors: Kong Ying‐Ying , Wang Zhong‐Xia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNi‐catalyzed C−O(Py) bond activation and silylation of aryl 2‐pyridyl ethers with silylzinc chlorides were carried out. This protocol allowed the 2‐pyridyloxy group to be substituted by a silyl group with short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, and good compatibility of functional groups.magnified image
Season of birth and dementia: Findings from Chinese elderly based on a nationwide data
Authors: Ding Ruoxi , He Ping , Song Xinming , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies showed inconsistent results regarding the association between season of birth and dementia later in life. Evidence has mainly come from developed countries with relatively homogeneous geographical features. In this study, we examined the association between season of birth and dementia among Chinese elderly as well as geographical region‐specific and urban/rural‐specific patterns.MethodsWe utilized data from the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability in 2006, and employed multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between dementia and birth seasonality. We conducted subsample analyses by urbanity and geographical region.ResultsThis study included 354 859 Chinese elderly aged 60 and above. Compared with the summer‐born, the odds of dementia were significantly lower among those born in winter (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.96). Similar associations were also found in urban and northern subsamples.ConclusionWinter birth was associated with a lower prevalence of dementia in old age, especially among those living in urban and northern areas of China. This association further suggests the critical role of early life period and environment on health in later life.
Biallelic mutation of FBXL7 suggests a novel form of Hennekam syndrome
Authors: Boone Philip M. , Paterson Scott , Mohajeri Kiana , Zhu Wenmiao , Genetti Casie A. , Tai Derek J. C. , Nori Neeharika , Agrawal Pankaj B. , Bacino Carlos A. , Bi Weimin , Talkowski Michael E. , Hogan Benjamin M. , Rodan Lance H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHennekam lymphangiectasia‐lymphedema syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital lymphedema, intestinal lymphangiectasia, facial dysmorphism, and variable intellectual disability. Known disease genes include CCBE1, FAT4, and ADAMTS3. In a patient with clinically diagnosed Hennekam syndrome but without mutations or copy‐number changes in the three known disease genes, we identified a homozygous single‐exon deletion affecting FBXL7. Specifically, exon 3, which encodes the F‐box domain and several leucine‐rich repeats of FBXL7, is eliminated. Our analyses of databases representing >100,000 control individuals failed to identify biallelic loss‐of‐function variants in FBXL7. Published studies in Drosophila indicate Fbxl7 interacts with Fat, of which human FAT4 is an ortholog, and mutation of either gene yields similar morphological consequences. These data suggest that FBXL7 may be the fourth gene for Hennekam syndrome, acting via a shared pathway with FAT4.
Pentaerythritol encapsulated with boric acid: An efficient composite crosslinker for guar gum fracturing fluid
Authors: Wang Chunnan , Du Jing , Liu Peisong , Su Yuhang , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTCommonly used crosslinker agents often have a low crosslinking efficiency with guar gum, the major component of fracturing fluid for crude oil recovery, and it often required a high loading of guar gum for achieving desired recovery from low‐permeability reservoir. Nevertheless, a high‐loading of guar gum might result in excessive residue and reduce the conductivity of the reservoir. Therefore, boric acid, a commonly used crosslinking agent, was introduced onto the surface of pentaerythritol to afford a composite crosslinking agent denoted as PB. The as‐prepared PB crosslinker was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry. The guar gum fracturing gel crosslinked with the PB had fantastic viscoelasticity and thermal stability and could reduce the guar gum loading by 16.7%, with boric acid as a control. Besides, the gel‐broken liquid had good compatibility with the simulated water and caused reduced damage to rock core, showing potential for hydraulic fracturing of low‐permeability reservoirs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48528.
Rapid detection and structural characterization of verapamil metabolites in rats by UPLC–MSE and UNIFI platform
Authors: Zhu Chunyan , Wan Mimi , Cheng Huilin , Wang Hui , Zhu Mingshe , Wu Caisheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHigh‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is an important technology for studying biotransformations of drugs in biological systems. In order to process complex HRMS data, bioinformatics, including data‐mining techniques for identifying drug metabolites from liquid chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) or multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) datasets as well as elucidating the detected metabolites’ structure by spectral interpretation software, are important tools. Data‐mining technologies have widely been used in drug metabolite identification, including mass defect filters, product ion filters, neutral‐loss filters, control sample comparisons and extracted ion chromatographic analysis. However, the metabolites identified by current different technologies are not the same, indicating the importance of technique integration for efficient and complete identification of metabolic products. In this study, a universal, high‐throughput workflow for identifying and verifying metabolites by applying the drug metabolite identification software UNIFI is reported, to study the biotransformation of verapamil in rats. A total of 71 verapamil metabolites were found in rat plasma, urine and faeces, including two metabolites that have not been reported in the literature. Phase I metabolites of verapamil were identified as N‐demethylation, O‐demethylation, N‐dealkylation and oxidation and dehydrogenation metabolites; phase II metabolites were mainly glucuronidation and sulfate conjugates, indicating that UNIFI software could be effective and valuable in identifying drug metabolites.
Stability‐indicating RP‐HPLC method development and validation for determination of nine impurities in apixaban tablet dosage forms. Robustness study by quality by design approach
Authors: Subramanian Velusamy B. , Katari Naresh Kumar , Dongala Thirupathi , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA quality by design (QbD) based high‐resolution HPLC method is described for determination of impurities in apixaban (APX) in the tablet dosage form. Employing a simple and stability‐indicating HPLC method, nine known impurities were quantified with good peak resolution. Mobile phase A (MP‐A) was prepared with buffer and acetonitrile 90:10 v/v, while mobile phase B (MP‐B) contained water and acetonitrile 10:90 v/v. The gradient program was 0 min, MP‐A 75%, B 25%; 20 min, MP‐A 65%, B 35%; 30 min, MP‐A 40%, B 60%; 40min, MP‐A 40%, B 60%; 42 min, MP‐A 75%, B 25%; and 50 min, MP‐A 75%, B 25%. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a Zorbax RX C18 250 × 4.6 mm column, 5 μm (1.0 ml min−1, 280 nm, 50 μl) and a column temperature of 40°C. Several separation studies were carried out using design of experiments to optimize the method. Validation results confirm the applicability of the developed method for quality analysis and stability studies of the regular product on the manufacturing stream.
Sorbent‐excluding sample preparation method for GC–MS pesticide analysis in apple peel
Authors: Anđelković Darko , Branković Milica , Kocić Gordana , Mitić Sanja , Pavlović Radmila 
Published: October 2019

AbstractApple peel is frequently exposed to pesticides, especially in the last stages of the pesticide treatment practice. For a certain period, peel retains most of the applied pesticides, which precisely indicates the presence of pesticide residues. This study was conducted to establish and evaluate the method for the residue analysis of pyrimethanil, cyprodinil, trifloxystrobin, bifenthrin and boscalid by GC–MS in peel of Granny Smith, Golden Delicious and Idared varieties. The method consisted of few steps, without the routine usage of sorbents, and resulted in efficient removal of waxes, targeted as main interferences in GC–MS analysis. The matrix effect, boscalid selectivity issue, trend of lower trueness for bifenthrin in all matrices and for all analytes in Granny Smith matrix were in some way associated with the waxes. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of three varieties of apple orchard samples, after 9 and 5 months of treatment with commercial formulations that contain pyrimethanil, cyprodinil and boscalid as active ingredients. Since the developed method consisted of few steps and used nontoxic and economic reagents, it could be implemented as a fast, economic and reliable screening method.
Bruceine D inhibits tumor growth and stem cell‐like traits of osteosarcoma through inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Shangyu , Hu Hongzhi , Zhong Binlong , Shi Deyao , Qing Xiangcheng , Cheng Cheng , Deng Xiangyu , Zhang Zhicai , Shao Zengwu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPatients with osteosarcoma exhibiting resistance to chemotherapy or presenting with metastasis usually have a poor prognosis. Osteosarcoma stem cells (OSCs) are a potential cause of tumor metastasis, relapse, and chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel therapeutic drugs, which not only kill osteosarcoma cells but also target OSCs. This study aims to explore the anti‐osteosarcoma effects of Bruceine D (BD), a natural compound derived from Brucea javanica, and investigate its underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrated that BD could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration, induce cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Besides, BD could also suppress the sphere‐forming and self‐renewal ability of OSCs. Mechanistically, the inhibitory role of BD on osteosarcoma cell growth and migration including OSC stemness was partially executed through the inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway. More importantly, BD showed significant anti‐osteosarcoma activity without obvious side effects in vivo. Collectively, the results of this study demonstrated that BD exerts a strong inhibitory effect on tumor growth and stem cell like traits of osteosarcoma which may be partially due to STAT3 inhibition, suggesting that BD maybe a promising therapeutic candidate against osteosarcoma.
Malagasy Dye Plant Species: A Promising Source of Novel Natural Colorants with Potential Applications – A Review
Authors: Andriamanantena Mahery , Danthu Pascal , Cardon Dominique , Fawbush Fanjaniaina R. , Raonizafinimanana Béatrice , Razafintsalama Vahinalahaja Eliane , Rakotonandrasana Stéphan R. , Ethève Andrée , Petit Thomas , Caro Yanis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDue to the potentially harmful effects of some synthetic dyes, there is an increasing demand for natural colorants. Recent literature has emphasized the necessity of investigating new sources of dyes. This review discusses the biological sources of dyes derived from the rich plant diversity of Madagascar. As one of the first contributions on the use of these dyestuffs for dyeing textiles, it provides an overview of 128 dye plant species with other potential applications for coloring materials in industry. A detailed description of the botanical and chemical properties of these dyestuffs is given. We believe that the Madagascar plant diversity may be a promising source of novel colorants not yet investigated. We considered it worthwhile to carry out a thorough scientific study of a set of Malagasy plants carefully selected for their coloring properties together with their potential use and valorization in specialized industries where use of natural colorants would be a particular interest.
Differential Inhibition of APOBEC3 DNA‐Mutator Isozymes by Fluoro‐ and Non‐Fluoro‐Substituted 2′‐Deoxyzebularine Embedded in Single‐Stranded DNA
Authors: Kvach Maksim V. , Barzak Fareeda M. , Harjes Stefan , Schares Henry A. M. , Kurup Harikrishnan M. , Jones Katherine F. , Sutton Lorraine , Donahue John , D'Aquila Richard T. , Jameson Geoffrey B. , Harki Daniel A. , Krause Kurt L. , Harjes Elena , Filichev Vyacheslav V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe APOBEC3 (APOBEC3A‐H) enzyme family is part of the human innate immune system that restricts pathogens by scrambling pathogenic single‐stranded (ss) DNA by deamination of cytosines to produce uracil residues. However, APOBEC3‐mediated mutagenesis of viral and cancer DNA promotes its evolution, thus enabling disease progression and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, APOBEC3 inhibition offers a new strategy to complement existing antiviral and anticancer therapies by making such therapies effective for longer periods of time, thereby preventing the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we have synthesised 2′‐deoxynucleoside forms of several known inhibitors of cytidine deaminase (CDA), incorporated them into oligodeoxynucleotides (oligos) in place of 2′‐deoxycytidine in the preferred substrates of APOBEC3A, APOBEC3B, and APOBEC3G, and evaluated their inhibitory potential against these enzymes. An oligo containing a 5‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyzebularine (5FdZ) motif exhibited an inhibition constant against APOBEC3B 3.5 times better than that of the comparable 2′‐deoxyzebularine‐containing (dZ‐containing) oligo. A similar inhibition trend was observed for wild‐type APOBEC3A. In contrast, use of the 5FdZ motif in an oligo designed for APOBEC3G inhibition resulted in an inhibitor that was less potent than the dZ‐containing oligo both in the case of APOBEC3GCTD and in that of full‐length wild‐type APOBEC3G.
Long‐term clinical outcomes of Amplatzer cardiac plug versus Amulet occluders for left atrial appendage closure
Authors: Kleinecke Caroline , Cheikh‐Ibrahim Mohammad , Schnupp Steffen , Fankhauser Mate , Nietlispach Fabian , Park Jai‐Wun , Brachmann Johannes , Windecker Stephan , Meier Bernhard , Gloekler Steffen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo compare long‐term clinical outcomes after left atrial appendage closure with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) and Amulet.BackgroundThe Amulet was designed to improve clinical outcomes of first‐generation ACP.MethodsThree Amplatzer registries (Bern, Coburg, Zurich), with enrollment of patients from 2009 to 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. The primary safety endpoint was a composite of major peri‐procedural complications and major bleedings, the primary efficacy endpoint included stroke, systemic embolism, and cardiovascular/unexplained death. The net clinical benefit was a combination of all above‐mentioned hazards.ResultsA total of consecutive 563 patients (344 ACP vs. 219 Amulet) with a mean follow‐up of 2.9 ± 1.6 and 1.9 ± 0.9 years were included. Mean age (74.4 ± 9.9 [ACP] vs. 74.4 ± 9.1 [Amulet] years), stroke (CHA2DS2‐VASc score 4.4 ± 1.6 vs. 4.6 ± 1.7), and bleeding risk (HAS‐BLED score 3.2 ± 1.1 vs. 3.2 ± 0.9) were comparable. The primary endpoints of efficacy (72/998, 7.2% [ACP] vs. 43/417, 10.3% [Amulet]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–1.02, p = .062), safety (40/998, 4.0% vs. 18/417, 4.3%; HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.53–2.51, p = .72), and the net clinical benefit (101/998, 10.1% vs. 55/417, 13.4%; HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.49–1.07, p = .11) were similar.ConclusionIn the long term, left atrial appendage closure with first and second‐generation Amplatzer devices provided similar efficacy, safety, and net clinical benefit. Clinical outcomes may be rather determined by implantation technique and hemodynamics, but not by the design modifications of the Amulet.
Role of optical coherence tomography for distal left main stem angioplasty
Authors: Cortese Bernardo , Burzotta Francesco , Alfonso Fernando , Pellegrini Dario , Trani Carlo , Aurigemma Cristina , Rivero Fernando , Antuña Paula , Orrego Pedro Silva , Prati Francesco 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective is to analyze the acute and midterm angiographic outcome of percutaneous treatment of left main coronary stem (LM‐PCI) guided by optical coherence tomography (OCT).BackgroundLM‐PCI is a complex procedure, and several anatomical factors may impair its outcome. Intravascular imaging is emerging as a useful tool to guide the procedure.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing LM‐PCI at three European centers between 2014 and 2017 with a control angiography at 6–12 months. Patients were divided into two groups: OCT‐guidance (pre‐ and post‐PCI) and control group (standard angiographic guidance with/out intravascular ultrasound [IVUS]). A blinded core lab analyzed all angiographic images. Primary endpoint was late lumen loss (LLL) after 6 months.ResultsA total of 112 patients entered the study, 55 in the OCT group and 57 in the control group (10 IVUS). Baseline and procedural characteristics were similar between groups. Overall, reference vessel diameter of the LM was 3.98 ± 0.65 mm. OCT guidance detected four cases of stent underexpansion (7.2%) and six cases of acute malapposition (10.9%). After a median of 207 ± 23 days, LLL of LM tended to be lower in the OCT group (0.12 ± 0.41 vs. 0.26 ± 0.52 mm, p = .10), and was significantly reduced in the distal portion of the main vessel (0.03 ± 0.45 vs. 0.24 ± 0.53 mm, p = .025). Percent diameter stenosis was also lower (14 ± 9 vs. 19 ± 16%, p = .05). Adverse event rates were similar in the two groups.ConclusionsIn this study, systematic OCT guidance during LM‐PCI allowed a timely detection and correction of acute stent underexpansion and malapposition, and was associated with signs of improved angiographic outcome at midterm, compared to standard practice.
Ultrafine Cobalt‐Doped Iron Disulfide Nanoparticles in Ordered Mesoporous Carbon for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Huang Guoqing , Xu Shaonan , Liu Zhipeng , Yuan Shisheng , Zhang Cong , Ai Jing , Li Nan , Li Xiaotian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDesigning earth‐abundant and efficient electrocatalysts to replace noble metals is highly desired for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis. In this study, we constructed a self‐supported electrode with ordered mesoporous carbon film coated carbon fibers as a substrate and Co doped FeS2 nanoparticles as catalytically active phase for the HER. The ordered mesoporous carbon served as nanoreactor to restrict the growth of sulfide particles and prevent them from agglomeration, leading to the formation of ultrafine and highly dispersed sulfide of ∼5 nm, which enables the exposure of abundant active sites. Meanwhile, the Co atom doping enhanced the adsorption of the catalyst towards hydrogen, thereby improving its intrinsic activity. As a result, the electrode exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for the HER in acid electrolyte, manifesting a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 92 mV and a small Tafel slope of 59 mV dec−1.