bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estudo de caso da aplicação de microgeração energética por painéis fotovoltáicos para utilização em bombas de captação de água
Authors: Santos Jessica Santiago dos , Garcia Osmar Fonseca Garcia , Silva Saulo Hercules Silva da , Souza Laura Mendonça Ponte 
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho tem como busca desenvolver tecnicamente analises mais próximas do real tendo como principal enfoque o método refinado de análise de aproveitamento energético por meio de painéis fotovoltaicos para bombeamento de água, analisando a eficiência dos projetos estudados bem como a sua viabilidade econômica mostrada através de um payback para obtenção de resposta de qual sistema melhor atende as necessidades de uma determinada população. Para completo entendimento do desenvolvimento a ser dado ao tema se faz necessário estabelecer e definir dois grupos de fonte de energia: as renováveis e as não renováveis, exemplificando cada uma delas. Vale ressaltar que a vantagem do uso de energia a partir de fontes renováveis não se restringe apenas ao âmbito econômico e político, focaliza também com a mesma relevância, a preservação da natureza em oposição ao impacto ambiental causado pelos combustíveis fósseis e ao consumo da água potável pela população. O método de análise é uma pesquisa exploratória, uma vez que utiliza conhecimento de um estudo de caso para resolução de problemas. Foi analisado um sistema fotovoltaico para bombeamento de água: Sistema de Bombeamento Fotovoltaico aplicado em pequenas comunidades. Partindo da viabilidade econômica o sistema provou ser econômico e com retorno financeiro rápido, além da fácil utilização e instalação do sistema. O presente estudo teve como uma de suas finalidades conscientizar e propagar a importância da disponibilidade de um recurso hídrico que é necessidade básica do ser humano, colocando em evidência dados que comprovam a crise hídrica em locais de difícil acesso à energia elétrica e ao próprio recurso natural mais precioso: Água.
Isolation, sequencing, and expression analysis of 30 AP2/ERF transcription factors in apple
Authors: Li Huifeng , Dong Qinglong , Zhao Qiang , Shi Song , Ran Kun 
Published: January 2020

Background
AP2/ERF transcription factors are involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and stress responses. Our research objective was to characterize novel apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) genes encoding AP2/ERF transcription factors involved in regulation of plant growth, development, and stress response. The transcriptional level of apple AP2/ERF genes in different tissues and under various biotic and abiotic stress was determined to provide valuable insights into the function of AP2/ERF transcription factors in apple.

Methods
Thirty full-length cDNA sequences of apple AP2/ERF genes were isolated from ‘Zihong Fuji’ apple (Malus × domestica cv. Zihong Fuji) via homologous comparison and RT-PCR confirmation, and the obtained cDNA sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed with bioinformatics methods. Expression levels of apple AP2/ERF genes were detected in 16 different tissues using a known array. Expression patterns of apple AP2/ERF genes were detected in response to Alternaria alternata apple pathotype (AAAP) infection using RNA-seq with existing data, and the expression of apple AP2/ERF genes was analyzed under NaCl and mannitol treatments using qRT-PCR.

Results
The sequencing results produced 30 cDNAs (designated as MdERF3-8, MdERF11, MdERF16-19, MdERF22-28, MdERF31-35, MdERF39, MdAP2D60, MdAP2D62-65, and MdRAV2). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MdERF11/16, MdERF33/35, MdERF34/39, and MdERF18/23 belonged to groups A-2, A-4, A-5, and A-6 of the DREB subfamily, respectively; MdERF31, MdERF19, MdERF4/25/28/32, MdERF24, MdERF5/6/27, and MdERF3/7/8/17/22/26 belonged to groups B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, and B-6 of the ERF subfamily, respectively; MdAP2D60 and MdAP2D62/63/64/65 belonged to the AP2 subfamily; and MdRAV2 belonged to the RAV subfamily. Array results indicated that 30 apple AP2/ERF genes were expressed in all examined tissues to different degrees. RNA-seq results using previously reported data showed that many members of the apple ERF and DREB subfamilies were induced by Alternaria alternate apple pathotype (AAAP) infection. Under salt treatment, many members in the apple ERF and DREB subfamilies were transcriptionally up or down-regulated. Under mannitol treatment, many members of the apple ERF, DREB, and AP2 subfamilies were induced at the transcriptional level. Taken together, the results indicated that the cloned apple AP2/ERF genes were expressed in all examined tissues. These genes were up-regulated or down-regulated in response to AAAP infection and to salt or mannitol treatment, which suggested they may be involved in regulating growth, development, and stress response in apple.
Remediation of Boating and Jetty Pollutants from the Okavango Delta Surface Water Employing Valorized Tilapia ruweti Waste Material
Authors: Maina Irene W. , Stevens Morlu G. F. , Batlokwa Bareki S. 
Published: January 2020

Aims: To employ valorized waste materials from Tilapia ruweti scales for removal of heavy metals from areas with major boating activities and high numbers of jetties at the Okavango delta, Botswana.
Study Design: Biowaste materials were Identified, valorized and then optimized for adsorption and removal of boating and jetty pollutants from profiled Okavango Delta surface water samples.
Place and Duration of Study: Okavango Delta, Maun and Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana between March 2017 and September 2018.
Methodology: Tilapia ruweti scales were collected from Sehithwa, Maun while water samples were collected from areas with jetties and major boating activities at Shakawe, Mboma Island and Xakanaxa. The concentration of Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb and Cd at all the sampling sites were accurately determined using micro-plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MPAES). The fish scales were pulverized and valorized by subjecting them to 12.7% vinegar. Minitab 14 software was used as a modeling tool to provide multivariate optimized parameters that affect sorption studies that included initial ion concentration, sorbent dose, contact time and solution pH. The valorized waste materials were then utilized for removal of the selected heavy metals.
Results: The optimized adsorption parameters that included contact time, solution pH, sorbent dose and initial ion concentration were ≤ 88.63 min, ≤ 8.75, ≤ 84.29 mg and ≤ 28.44 mg/L respectively. The valorized Tilapia ruweti waste displayed high removal efficiencies toward removing the selected ions from the Okavango Delta surface water samples up to 94.21% with %RSD < 2 for n = 3 (triplicate).
Conclusion: The valorized Tilapia ruweti scales were recommended as a cheap, simple and an effective method for remediation of boating pollution at the Okavango delta and other recreational areas.
Haematological Indices and Predisposing Factors Associated with Tuberculosis at Federal Medical Center Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoroiwu Gideon I. A. , Ebere Leticia I. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by bacterium “Mycobacterium tuberculosis”. It is a systemic infection and has deleterious effect on both circulatory and respiratory systems, and thrives more in a society with little knowledge of its predisposing factors.
Aim of the Study: This study was carried out to identify the predisposing factors of tuberculosis and its effects on haematological indices of the positive patients at the Federal Medical Center, Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: The blood samples were analyzed manually for the indices while predisposing factors of Tuberculosis were obtained with the aid of a structured self-administered questionnair,these were administered simultaneously while the blood samples were been collected.
Results and Discussion: Results were considered to be statistically signifificant (P<0.05), (OR>1). Simple frequencies were also computed. The results revealed that Haemoglobin (P=0.001); Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P=0.020); Neutrophils (P=0.002); Eosinophils (P=0.000); Monocytes (P=0.000); Platelets (P=0.001) of the Tuberculosis positive patients when compared with the controls, showed, statistically (P<0.05) significant haematological abnormalities. History of Tuberculosis in family (Odd ratio=9.3) and Alcoholism (OR=6.0) were significant predisposing factors of Tuberculosis. Other predisposing factors; smoking habits (OR=2.7), Educational status (OR=2.2), marital status (OR=1.3) were also associated with Tuberculosis infection, while employment status (OR=1.0) and socio-economic status (OR=0.1) were not. Tuberculosis infection in this study adversely affected Haemoglobin, Platelets, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Neutrophil, Eosinophil and Monocyte values, while family history of Tuberculosis and Alcoholism were significantly associated with the infection.
Conclusion: Quarrantine of Tuberculosis patients and creating more awareness on the predisposing factors of tuberculosis will help towards preventing, reducing and eliminating the disease.
Effect of Donepezil and Vitamin B12 Supplement on Serum Thyroid Profile in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yeram Neelam , M. Dalvi Shubhangi , Patil Vinayak W. , Kale Vinayak P. , Jagiasi Kamlesh , Abichandani Leela G. 
Published: January 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate thyroid status in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients and its response to donepezil and vitamin B12 supplement therapy for 6 months.
Design: Case-Control Observational study.
Place and Duration: Department of Biochemistry, GGMC & Sir J. J. Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, India between March 2017 and July 2019.
Methodology: Case-Control study comprised of 71 AD patients and 70 healthy controls above 60 years of age. Blood serum samples were analyzed for thyroid hormones levels by the chemiluminescence method. AD patients were treated with donepezil (5 mg/day) and vitamin B12 supplement (1.5 mg/day) and thyroid profile was observed at intervals of 3 and 6 months. Statistical evaluation was done by using IMB SPSS statistics version 25.
Results: Serum levels of thyroid hormones were low in euthyroid AD patients when compared with controls at the baseline level [T3 (120.64 ± 20.64 vs 127.8 ± 17.29), T4 (7.71 ± 2.34 vs 7.54 ± 1.85), FT3 (1.2 ± 0.13 vs 2.26 ± 0.63) and FT4 (0.79 ± 0.08 vs 1.29 ± 0.27)] except TSH which was increased in AD [TSH (2.71 ± 1.19 vs 2.34 ± 0.65)]. During follow-ups at 3 and 6 months, there was a slight decrease in TSH levels in response to the therapy.
Conclusion: The AD patients were euthyroid with low T3, FT3 and FT4 serum levels and high TSH serum levels. Thyroid hormones might play a role as markers for disease progression. Donepezil and vitamin B12 therapy could not benefit restore the normal thyroid functioning in a period of 6 months. Further longitudinal research with larger cohort might help in elucidating thyroid dysfunction in AD and develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Systemic Disease Comorbidities among Ophthalmic Patients in Nigeria: Implications for Preventive Ophthalmology
Authors: Ireju Onyinye Chukwuka , Chinyere Nnenne Pedro-Egbe 
Published: January 2020

Background/Aim: Quite often patients who are refracted in our clinics have other ocular or systemic conditions that may affect the result or delay the issuance of spectacle corrections – for instance poorly controlled diabetic patients may have to wait for months to achieve better control of their condition. These associated comorbidities may require medical or surgical intervention before spectacles are ordered. The aim of this study is to determine the systemic comorbidities that exist in ophthalmic patients attending the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Eye Clinic in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which adult patients who presented in the clinic for change of glasses within the stipulated period of the study were included. They were interviewed to get the relevant information and the data retrieved for each patient included baseline information such as age, gender, unaided visual acuity, visual acuity with their last correction if any as well as co-existing ocular or systemic pathology. The collected data was subsequently analysed using Predictive Analysis Software version 20.
Results: Sixty patients participated in study; both males and females were equally represented. Of this this number, thirty-three patients (55%) had systemic comorbidities .Hypertension was present in 43.3% (n=26) while both hypertension and diabetes mellitus occurred in 10% (n=6) of the participants. Forty percent of those with refractive error had hypertension while about 30% of those with glaucoma were both hypertensive and diabetic.
Conclusion: There is a very high level of systemic comorbidities in adult patients attending this peripheral clinic, and this is a pointer to the high prevalence of these conditions in the larger population.
1D Triboelectric Nanogenerator Operating by Repeatedly Stretching and as a Self‐Powered Electronic Fence and Geological Monitor
Authors: Yang Jing , Yang Shuai , Guo Rui , Li Yanping , Sang Shengbo , Zhang Hulin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe micromechanical energy caused by a repeating tension is abundant and widely existed in human life, which is usually related to dynamic monitoring in a low‐dimensional system. Here, a 1D tensile triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that is consisted of a copper and a latex tube is reported. The subtle TENG can not only serve as a sustainable power source by harvesting tensile mechanical energy, but also operate actively to detect some surrounding mechanical stimulations. Due to the high sensitivity to stretching, the TENG unit shows a self‐powered counting function. Furthermore, a sensor square frame, composed of four TENG units, is demonstrated as a feasible self‐powered electronic fence by effectively monitoring ambient collisions from different directions. In addition, the simulated landslide experiment indicates that the tensile TENG can detect different geological activities and has a directional selectivity that facilitates geological hazard monitoring. This work further expands TENG‐based applications, especially in safety engineering and geological monitoring.
Charge‐Transport Processes in Host–Dopant Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Li Peicheng , Lu Zheng‐Hong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHost–dopant systems are the foundation for designing the light‐emission zones of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). An efficient OLED design has to consider the detailed charge transport processes in a host–dopant system in order to regulate charges for optimal distribution of excitons. It is reported that two charge transport pathways, Frenkel–Poole type transport via either host sites or dopant sites and charge hopping between host and dopant sites, are at play. The activation energy barrier in the hopping transport is identified as the energy level offset at the host–dopant interface, and is found consistent with the energy offset in the highest occupied molecular orbitals directly measured by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. Dopant concentration and the host–dopant energy offset are identified as the key parameters dictating charge conduction path in the system. Practical equations are derived to calculate carrier mobility as a function of dopant concentration and dopant–host molecular energy offset.
In Situ Formation of Co9S8 Quantum Dots in MOF‐Derived Ternary Metal Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoarrays for High‐Performance Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Qingjun , Wang Qishun , Long Yan , Wang Fan , Wu Lanlan , Pan Jing , Han Jie , Lei Yong , Shi Weidong , Song Shuyan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) are promising cathode materials for supercapacitors because of the enhanced flow efficiency of ions in the interlayers. However, the limited active sites and monotonous metal species further hinder the improvement of the capacity performance. Herein, cobalt sulfide quantum dots (Co9S8‐QDs) are effectively created and embedded within the interlayer of metal‐organic‐frameworks‐derived ternary metal LDH nanosheets based on in situ selective vulcanization of Co on carbon fibers. The hybrid CF@NiCoZn‐LDH/Co9S8‐QD retains the lamellar structure of the ternary metal LDH very well, inheriting low transfer impedance of interlayer ions. Significantly, the selectively generated Co9S8‐QDs expose more abundant active sites, effectively improving the electrochemical properties, such as capacitive performance, electronic conductivity, and cycling stability. Due to the synergistic relationship, the hybrid material delivers an ultrahigh electrochemical capacity of 350.6 mAh g−1 (2504 F g−1) at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, hybrid supercapacitors fabricated with CF@NiCoZn‐LDH/Co9S8‐QD and carbon nanosheets modified by single‐walled carbon nanotubes display an outstanding energy density of 56.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 875 W kg−1, with an excellent capacity retention of 95.3% after 8000 charge–discharge cycles. Therefore, constructing hybrid electrode materials by in situ‐created QDs in multimetallic LDHs is promising.
Pore‐scale modeling of competition and cooperation of multispecies biofilms for nutrients in changing environments
Authors: Aghajani Delavar Mojtaba , Wang Junye 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, we developed a pore‐scale model of integrated lattice Boltzmann method and cellular automata to investigate competitive growth of aerobic nitrite and ammonium oxidizers in a bioreactor. The results showed that inlet nutrient concentrations have significant effects on maximum biofilm concentration, ratio of microorganisms' concentrations, growth pattern, and time. The local availability of oxygen could control the competition, resulting in different growth patterns. The coexistence of ammonium and nitrite in same inlet zone increased not only the biofilm concentration (7%) but also the ratio of microorganisms' concentrations (36%). Although this coexistence decreased the total biofilm concentration in some cases, it increased the growth rate about 25%. Changes of the maximum biomass concentration could change biofilm concentration of about 40% and microorganisms' concentrations ratio of about 30%. This framework provides a powerful tool to improve our understanding of dynamic interdependency of many complex microbial consortia systems with environments.
Streamlining care in cystic fibrosis: survey of otolaryngologist, pulmonologist, and patient experiences
Authors: Farzal Zainab , Dean Kelly M. , Sreenath Satyan B. , Hodge Sarah E. , Thorp Brian D. , Ebert Jr Charles S. , Zanation Adam M. , Senior Brent A. , Kimple Adam J. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundCare coordination for cystic fibrosis (CF) is essential. The objectives of this study were to: (1) compare otolaryngologists’ and pulmonlogists’ understanding of long‐term chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) management; and (2) query patient perceptions of otolaryngologic care and CRS.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was administered by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation in 2018 to patients with CF or their caregivers, otolaryngologists, and pulmonologists. Statistical analysis was performed comparing specialists. Descriptive statistics were computed for patient/caregiver‐reported data.ResultsRespondents included 126 otolaryngologists, 115 pulmonologists, and 186 patients with CF or their caregivers. Pulmonologists had greater experience caring for CF patients compared with otolaryngologists (66.7% vs 43.2% with 13+ years of experience, respectively), but more otolaryngologists cared for both adult and pediatric CF patients (39.2% vs 10.4%, respectively). Significantly more otolaryngologists advocated for establishing otolaryngologic care at time of CF diagnosis (64.8%) compared with pulmonologists (14.4%, p < 0.001), of whom 60.4% recommended otolaryngologist referral when sinonasal symptoms affect quality of life. More otolaryngologists perceived sinus surgery as beneficial for pulmonary function (74.5% vs 57.7%, p = 0.009); 60.8% of patients first sought otolaryngologic care in infancy or childhood (<13 years). Median number of sinus surgeries was 3 (interquartile range, 2‐5). The most common perceived benefits of surgery according to patients/caregivers included improved breathing (31.2%) and improved sinonasal symptoms (23.7%). Top patients/caregiver otolaryngologic priorities included symptom/infection control (49.0%) and care coordination (15.0%).ConclusionOur results highlight variable patient/caregiver experiences, and suggest that otolaryngologist and pulmonologist perceptions of CF otolaryngologic care also differ in some respects requiring improved interspecialty coordination/education.
Comparative study among TMTD, TBzTD, and ZBEC accelerators in isobutylene‐isoprene elastomer vulcanization
Authors: Gobbi Vinícius Guedes , da Silva Talita Goulart , Cunha Matheus Santos , Mendonça Tiago dos Santos , Gobbi Vitor Guedes , da Silva Moreira Thiré Rossana Mara , Mendonça Roberta Helena 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTAccelerators such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) are responsible for releasing nitrosamines, considered carcinogenic by international organizations. Tetrabenzylthiuram disulfide (TBzTD) and zinc dibenzyldithiocarbamate (ZBEC) are indicated as substituents of TMTD for not releasing noxious nitrosamines. Thus, the objective of this work was to compare the use of TMTD, TBzTD, and ZBEC accelerators in the production of isobutylene‐isoprene rubber compounds. It was evaluated the effect of TBzTD/mercaptobenzothiazole and ZBEC/N‐cyclohexyl‐2‐benzothiazolesulfenamide pairs in the rheological properties and the first pair achieved better results. Subsequently, it was evaluated compounds containing TBzTD and ZBEC accelerators separately. The experimental design data of the obtained maximum torque were correlated by an interpolation method (thin‐plate spline interpolation method). Physical–mechanical and thermodynamic measurements showed a decrease in the mechanical properties of TBzTD and ZBEC compounds. Thermogravimetric analysis did not indicate thermal differences between the compounds, Fourier transform infrared and swelling degree analyses corroborated the difference found in the crosslink densities of the compounds. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48965.
Nondestructive rapid and quantitative analysis for the curing process of silicone resin by near‐infrared spectra
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhang Tong , Yin Yue , Jiang Wenhong , Du Yunzhe , Zhu Xiaofei , Jiang Bo , Huang Yudong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReactive group content was a key parameter in polymer curing process. However, the conventional methods to measure the curing were destructive and time consuming. In this article, near‐infrared spectra technology had been applied for reactive group analysis of the photothermal curing silicone to achieve rapid nondestructive and quantitative detection. The calibration model was developed about epoxy value and CC double bond value, with determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9631 and 0.9689. Root mean square error of prediction were 0.0179 and 0.0143 by partial least square regression. The optimized calibration model was used to predict the content of epoxy value and CC double bond value in the photothermal curing process, it proved that the silicone resin cured under UV‐radiation and heat. This novel method provided a promising approach to analysis the curing mechanism and quality parameters of resin.