bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and dental professional awareness of antibiotic self‐medication among older adults: Implications for dental education
Authors: Roberts Eugenia P. , Roberts Bradley S. , Burns Andrea , Goodlet Kellie J. , Chapman Alice , Cyphers Russel , Atkinson Jennifer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveAntibiotic stewardship has been recognized as an essential component of dental education. A notable threat to stewardship is the growing trend toward self‐medication with nonprescribed antibiotics (SMNPA), particularly among older adults who may be at increased risk for adverse outcomes. This study aimed to assess the need to incorporate SMNPA into dental education by researching (1) professional awareness and (2) self‐medication behaviors among older adults.MethodsA SMNPA awareness survey was administered to dentists in Arizona with 148 respondents including general dentists, dental school faculty, and public health clinicians. A second survey was distributed to 410 households in an independent and assisted living facility.ResultsThe dentists were aware of sources of SMNPA such as friends/family, leftover prescriptions, as well as sources outside of the United States; however, most (>80%) were not aware that ornamental fish antibiotics could be obtained online or in pet stores. The survey response rate for the older adults was 46.3%, of which 68.3% reported antibiotic use within the past 2 years (several for dental premedication) and 6.4% (n = 12) admitted to SMNPA for treating cold symptoms or pain. The main reason given for self‐treatment was the belief that antibiotics had resolved similar symptoms in the past. One‐third of the older adult respondents were unaware that antibiotics only treat bacterial infections.ConclusionApproximately 1 in 16 older adults surveyed reported SMNPA. Dental professionals reported some knowledge of SMNPA but were unaware of all sources. This study highlights the need for SMNPA education, awareness, and implementation within dental curricula.
Perceived stress and quality of life among graduate dental faculty
Authors: Meira Thiago Martins , Paiva Saul Martins , Antelo Oscar Mario , Guimarães Lara Karolina , Bastos Susiane Queiroz , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the predictors of perceived stress and quality of life (QoL) among graduate dental faculty.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted using a representative sample of 348 dental faculty members from master's and doctoral programs in Brazil. Data were collected using self‐administered questionnaires between August and December 2018. QoL was assessed using the multidimensional World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL‐BREF). Perceived stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Participant sociodemographic characteristics served as the independent variables. The data were subjected to linear regression analysis.ResultsWomen obtained higher PSS scores and lower QoL scores (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between perceived stress and all 4 QoL domains. Multivariate analysis revealed that a combination of the independent variables (i.e., sex, age, sleep duration, dual employment, medication intake due to work, and leisure time) explained 32% of the variance in perceived stress. Regarding QoL, perceived stress, sleep duration, and medication intake due to work explained 50%, 58%, 27%, and 40% of the variance in the physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment domain scores, respectively. Sex (i.e., female) and medication intake due to work predicted higher levels of perceived stress. In contrast, age, sleep duration, dual employment, and leisure time were associated with lower levels of perceived stress.ConclusionPerceived stress and medication intake due to work had a negative effect on QoL, whereas sleep duration had a positive impact on QoL.
Agave: a natural renewable resource with multiple applications
Authors: Pérez‐Zavala Ma de Lourdes , Hernández‐Arzaba Juan C , Bideshi Dennis K , Barboza‐Corona José E 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAgaves are a group of succulent plants that thrive in arid or semiarid environments. Indeed, genes associated with their resilience are a potential resource for genetic engineering of other agronomically important crops grown in adverse climates. Agave is mainly used for the production of distilled (spirits) and non‐distilled alcoholic beverages, including tequila, mezcal, bacanora, raicilla, and pulque, all of which have special connections to Mexican history and culture, and contribute to the Mexican economy. In recent years, there has been growing interest to maximize the use of agave plant materials for other purposes, as the bulk of their biomass pre‑ and post‐production is wasted. In traditional practice, during the passage from fields to factories, only agave cores are used, and the leaves and bagasse are not always harnessed. To place this in perspective, during the period from 2010 to 2019, 2674.7 × 106 L of tequila was produced in Mexico, which required 9 607 400 tons of agave cores. This generated approximately the same amount of leaves and 3 842 960 tons of bagasse. The economic base of agave plants can be expanded if expended biomass could be transformed into products that are useful for applications in food, forage, ensilage, agriculture, medicine, energy, environment, textiles, cosmetics, and esthetics. This review focuses on the current utility of agave plants, as well as our perspective for future studies and uses of this formidable plant. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of ultrahigh pressure on structural and physicochemical properties of rice and corn starch in complexes with apple polyphenols
Authors: Chou Shurui , Li Bin , Tan Hui , Cui Huijun , Zhang Shuyi , Wang Hanchen , Meng Xianjun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltrahigh‐pressure (UHP) treatment, a non‐thermal processing technology, exerts a bactericidal effect and affects food texture. How UHP treatments influence starch–polyphenol complexes has not yet been reported. Here, we studied the effects of UHP treatment on the structure of common rice starch (CRS)–apple polyphenol (AP) and common corn starch (CCS)–AP mixtures.RESULTSOverall, UHP treatment decreased the particle size of the CRS–AP and CCS–AP composites. Furthermore, the ΔH values of the CRS–AP and CCS–AP mixtures decreased, and the heating stability was improved after UHP treatment. X‐ray diffraction indicated that the relative crystallinity of the mixtures was unaffected by UHP treatment. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy proved that no new absorption peaks were observed in the infrared spectra, and the order of starch–AP was decreased after UHP treatment. These results indicated that UHP treatment inhibited the retrogradation of the starch–AP mixture. Our analyses of the microstructures of CRS–AP and CCS–AP mixtures showed increased folding and more pronounced network structures under high‐pressure.CONCLUSIONSThese results provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the properties of starch–AP mixtures following UHP treatment and provide insights regarding the use of UHP treatments for food production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Chaotropic chromatography method development for the determination of aripiprazole and its impurities following analytical quality by design principles
Authors: Rmandić Milena , Malenović Anħelija 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, development of robust and reliable chaotropic chromatography method for the determination of aripiprazole and its impurities, following Analytical Quality by Design principles is presented. The efficient baseline separation and accurate determination of aripiprazole and its four impurities from tablets were set as Analytical Target Profile. In line with it, the influence of Critical Method Parameters (acetonitrile content, concentration of perchloric acid in water phase, and column temperature) on predefined Critical Method Attributes (separation of the critical pair of peaks, retention of the first and last eluting peak) was investigated with aid of the Central Composite Design. Further on Design Space, where Critical Method Parameters meet predefined acceptance limits with a high level of probability (π ≥ 85%), was computed as a result of performed Monte Carlo simulations. A normal operating conditions corresponding to 34% of acetonitrile, 66% of 42.5 mM perchloric acid, and column temperature at 35°C were selected from created Design Space. Robustness testing of the quantitative performances of the developed method was conducted combining Plackett–Burman design with alias matrix approach. Through the additional validation testing, reliability of the developed method for the use in the routine practice was completely confirmed.
Systematic analysis of the metabolites of Roukou Wuwei pills by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry after oral administration to rats
Authors: Wan Meiqi , Liu Lu , Gao Hua , Zhang Xuezhi , Li Weiwei , Zhang Youbo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRoukou Wuwei pill is one of the most commonly used Mongolian medicinal prescriptions and historically used for the treatment of depression. This research aimed to illustrate the metabolic characteristic of Roukou Wuwei pills in vivo. To address this objective, an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method based metabonomics approach was used to detect and analyze the metabolites of Roukou Wuwei pills. The chromatographic separation was completed on an Agilent SB‐C18 column (1.8 µm, 2.1 × 50 mm) with a gradient elution system (acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid–water). Electrospray ionization was operated in a full‐scan mode at m/z 100–1000. The data were collected in positive and negative ion modes. The Masslynx 4.1 and SIMCA‐P 13.0 software were used to analyze the mass spectrometry data and select the potential metabolites by using an orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis, which was applied to investigate the differences between the blank and drug groups in biosamples of rats. Finally, totally 87 metabolites were detected based on their tandem mass spectrometry data. Among them, 69 metabolites are potential new compounds.
Meta‐Analysis of Gut Dysbiosis in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Nishiwaki Hiroshi , Ito Mikako , Ishida Tomohiro , Hamaguchi Tomonari , Maeda Tetsuya , Kashihara Kenichi , Tsuboi Yoshio , Ueyama Jun , Shimamura Teppei , Mori Hiroshi , Kurokawa Ken , Katsuno Masahisa , Hirayama Masaaki , Ohno Kinji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPD may begin with the intestinal accumulation of α‐synuclein fibrils, which can be causally associated with gut dysbiosis. The variability of gut microbiota across countries prevented us from identifying shared gut dysbiosis in PD.ObjectivesTo identify gut dysbiosis in PD across countries.MethodsWe performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing analysis of gut microbiota in 223 patients with PD and 137 controls, and meta‐analyzed gut dysbiosis by combining our dataset with four previously reported data sets from the United States, Finland, Russia, and Germany. We excluded uncommon taxa from our analyses. For pathway analysis, we developed the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology set enrichment analysis method.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding factors (body mass index, constipation, sex, age, and catechol‐O‐methyl transferase inhibitor), genera Akkermansia and Catabacter, as well as families Akkermansiaceae, were increased, whereas genera Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group were decreased in PD. Catechol‐O‐methyl transferase inhibitor intake markedly increased family Lactobacillaceae. Inspection of these bacteria in 12 datasets that were not included in the meta‐analysis revealed that increased genus Akkermansia and decreased genera Roseburia and Faecalibacterium were frequently observed across countries. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology set enrichment analysis revealed changes in short‐chain fatty acid metabolisms in our dataset.ConclusionsWe report that intestinal mucin layer‐degrading Akkermansia is increased and that short‐chain fatty acid–producing Roseburia and Faecalibacterium are decreased in PD across countries. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
DNA methylation establishment of CpG islands near maternally imprinted genes on chromosome 7 during mouse oocyte growth
Authors: Li Qian‐Nan , Ma Jun‐Yu , Liu Wen‐Bo , Meng Tie‐Gang , Wang Feng , Hou Yi , Schatten Heide , Sun Qing‐Yuan , Ou Xiang‐Hong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe genome methylation is globally erased in early fetal germ cells, and it is gradually re‐established during gametogenesis. The expression of some imprinted genes is regulated by the methylation status of CpG islands, while the exact time of DNA methylation establishment near maternal imprinted genes during oocyte growth is not well known. Here, growing oocytes were divided into three groups based on follicle diameters including the S‐group (60–100 μm), M‐group (100–140 μm), and L‐group (140–180 μm). The fully grown germinal vesicle (GV)‐stage and metaphase II (M2)‐stage mature oocytes were also collected. These oocytes were used for single‐cell bisulfite sequencing to detect the methylation status of CpG islands near imprinted genes on chromosome 7. The results showed that the CpG islands near Ndn, Magel2, Mkrn3, Peg12, and Igf2 were completely unmethylated, but those of Peg3, Snrpn, and Kcnq1ot1 were hypermethylated in MII‐stage oocytes. The methylation of CpG islands near different maternal imprinted genes occurred asynchronously, being completed in later‐stage growing oocytes, fully grown GV oocytes, and mature MII‐stage oocytes, respectively. These results show that CpG islands near some maternally imprinted genes are not necessarily methylated, and that the establishment of methylation of other maternally imprinted genes is completed at different stages of oocyte growth, providing a novel understanding of the establishment of maternally imprinted genes in oocytes.
Weight gain during pregnancy and its associated factors: A Path analysis
Authors: Dolatian Mahrokh , Sharifi Nasibeh , Mahmoodi Zohreh , Fathnezhad‐kazemi Azita , Bahrami‐vazir Elahe , Rashidian Tayebeh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimWeight gain during pregnancy is an important indicator in the prediction of morbidity and mortality in infants and mothers. This study aimed to determine the association factors for weight gain during pregnancy.DesignA longitudinal study.MethodsA total of 734 women were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using demographic and midwifery questionnaires, economic and social status, psychological factors, domestic violence, perceived social support and food insecurity.ResultsOf participants 28.7%, 49.6% and 21.7%, respectively, received insufficient, adequate and excessive weight gain in pregnancy respectively. Among health determinants entered in the model, mother's age, prepartum body mass index and direct and indirect prenatal care, size of households, food insecurity, stress, anxiety, stress and pregnancy‐specific stress as well as violence had a positive and increasing effect on weight gain during pregnancy.ConclusionConsidering the effect of inappropriate weight gain during pregnancy on undesirable pregnancy outcomes, related factors such as nutritional status, stress and depression in prenatal care should be assessed. Healthcare providers should consult, educate pregnant women.
Borehole effect causing artefacts in cross‐borehole electrical resistivity tomography: A hydraulic fracturing case study
Authors: Perri Maria T. , Barone Ilaria , Cassiani Giorgio , Deiana Rita , Binley Andrew 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTElectrical resistivity tomography is a technique widely used for the investigation of the structure and fluid dynamics of the shallow subsurface, particularly for hydro‐geophysical purposes, sometimes using cross‐borehole configurations. The results of electrical resistivity tomography inversion and their usefulness in solving hydrogeophysical problems, even though invariably limited by resolution issues, depend strongly on the accuracy of inversion, which in turn depends on a proper estimation and handling of data and model errors. Among model errors, one approximation often applied in cross‐hole electrical resistivity tomography is that of neglecting the effects of boreholes and the fluids therein. Such effects inevitably impact the current and potential patterns as measured by electrodes in the boreholes themselves. In the presence of very saline fluids, in particular, this model approximation may prove inadequate and the tomographic inversion may yield images strongly contaminated by artefacts. In this paper, we present a case study where highly saline water was used for hydraulic fracturing to improve permeability of a shallow formation impacted by hydrocarbon contamination, with the final aim of improving the effectiveness of in situ contaminant oxidation. The hydraulic fracturing was monitored via time‐lapse cross‐hole electrical resistivity tomography. Arrival of the saline water in the monitoring borehole likely caused a strong borehole effect that significantly affected the quality and usefulness of electrical resistivity tomography inversions. In this paper, we analyse the experimental dataset and produce, via three‐dimensional electrical resistivity tomography forward modelling, a viable explanation for the observed, paradoxical field results.
Towards understanding time‐lapse electrical resistivity signals measured during contaminated snowmelt infiltration
Authors: Bloem Esther , Forquet Nicolas , Søiland Astri , Binley Andrew , French Helen K. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTTo improve risk assessment, control and treatment strategies of contaminated sites, we require accurate methods for monitoring solute transport and infiltration in the unsaturated zone. Highly spatio‐temporal heterogeneous infiltration during snowmelt increases the risk of contaminating the groundwater in areas where de‐icing chemicals are required for winter maintenance of roads and runways. The objective of this study is to quantify how the different processes occurring during snowmelt infiltration of contaminated meltwater affect bulk electrical resistivity. Field experiments conducted at Moreppen experimental lysimeter trench are combined with heterogeneous unsaturated soil modelling. The experimental site is located next to Oslo airport, Gardermoen, Norway, where large amounts of de‐icing chemicals are used to remove snow and ice every winter. Bromide, an inactive tracer, and the de‐icing chemical propylene glycol were applied to the snow cover prior to the onset of snowmelt, and their percolation through the unsaturated zone was monitored with water sampling from 37 suction cups. At the same time, cross‐borehole time‐lapse electrical resistivity measurements were recorded along with measurements of soil water tension and temperature. Images of two‐dimensional (2D) bulk resistivity profiles were determined and were temperature corrected, to compensate for the change in soil temperature throughout the melting period. By using fitted parameters of petrophysical relations for the Moreppen soil, the tensiometer data gave insight into the contribution of water saturation on the changes in bulk resistivity, while water samples provided the contribution to the bulk resistivity from salt concentrations. The experimental data were compared with numerical simulation of the same experimental conditions in a heterogeneous unsaturated soil and used to quantify the uncertainty caused by the non‐consistent resolutions of the different methods, and to increase our understanding of the resistivity signal measured with time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography. The work clearly illustrates the importance of ground truthing in multiple locations to obtain an accurate description of the contaminant transport.
Running with Femoral Acetabular Impingement: Operative Vs Nonoperative Treatment
Authors: Moley Peter J , Tatka Jakub , Singh Jaspal Ricky 
Published: June 2020

CASE SCENARIOA 31‐year‐old female lawyer presents with right hip pain starting approximately 3 years ago and worsening over the past 2 to 3 months. She is an avid runner, running 20 to 30 miles weekly, and noticed that her pain started after a running program training for the marathon. Her pain is primarily over the lateral aspect of her hip with some radiation into the groin. The pain is made worse with impact exercises such as running and made better with walking and cycling. She has done physical therapy for the past 3 months without any significant improvement. She has not had any injections or taken anti‐inflammatories because of a history of gastric ulcer disease.On physical examination she has mild tenderness over her right greater trochanter and her range of motion tests are full in terms of flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation. She has a positive FADIR (flexion‐adduction‐internal rotation) impingement that causes both groin and lateral hip pain.Radiograph of the right hip revealed preservation of the joint space and an anterior cam lesion with reduced offset at the femoral head neck junction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right hip revealed a tear at the anterior superior labrum at the 1 to 2 o'clock position along with subjacent bone marrow edema in the femoral head that is likely reactive. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the right hip confirmed a combined cam and pincer type femoral acetabular impingement of the right hip with overcoverage of the femoral head. There was 15° of femoral anteversion and the coronal lateral center of edge angle (LCEA) is 34°.Dr. Peter Moley argues that a focused rehabilitation program to restore strength and motor control of the deep hip stabilizers will provide optimal functional recovery. Dr. Jakub Tatka argues that right hip arthroscopy with labral repair and possible osteochondralplasty are indicated in order to prevent early hip arthritis and prevent long‐term sequela of femoral acetabular impingement.
COVID‐19 cardiac involvement in a 38‐day old infant
Authors: Del Barba Paolo , Canarutto Daniele , Sala Elisa , Frontino Giulio , Guarneri Maria Pia , Camesasca Chiara , Baldoli Cristina , Esposito Antonio , Barera Graziano 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe spectrum of clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 in children is yet to be fully elucidated. We report the case of an infant who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and developed mild cardiovascular inflammation, a novelty for patients of very young age, that contributes to defining the puzzling nature of this disease in pediatric patients. The potential cardiovascular involvement of SARS‐CoV‐2 in children should always be taken into account.