bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PedsQL for prediction of postoperative patient-reported outcomes following Chiari decompression surgery
Authors: Baygani Shawyon , Zieles Kristin , Jea Andrew 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study is to determine if the preoperative Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) score is predictive of short- and intermediate-term PedsQL outcomes following Chiari decompression surgery. The utility of preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in predicting pain, opioid consumption, and long-term PROs has been demonstrated in adult spine surgery. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, however, there is currently no widely accepted tool to predict short-, intermediate-, or long-term outcomes after pediatric Chiari decompression surgery.METHODSA prospectively maintained database was retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had undergone first-time decompression for symptomatic Chiari malformation were identified and grouped according to their preoperative PedsQL scores: mild disability (score 80–100), moderate disability (score 60–79), and severe disability (score < 60). PedsQL scores at the 6-week, 3-month, and/or 6-month follow-ups were collected. Preoperative PedsQL subgroups were tested for an association with demographic and perioperative characteristics using one-way ANOVA or chi-square analysis. Preoperative PedsQL subgroups were tested for an association with improvements in short- and intermediate-term PedsQL scores using one-way ANOVA and a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test controlling for statistically different demographic characteristics when appropriate.RESULTSA total of 87 patients were included in this analysis. According to their preoperative PedsQL scores, 28% of patients had mild disability, 40% had moderate disability, and 32% had severe disability. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of comorbidities (p = 0.009) and the presenting symptoms of headaches (p = 0.032) and myelopathy (p = 0.047) among the subgroups; however, in terms of other demographic or operative factors, there was no significant difference. Patients with greater preoperative disability demonstrated statistically significantly lower PedsQL scores at all postoperative time points, except in terms of the parent-reported PedsQL at 6 months after surgery (p = 0.195). Patients with severe disability demonstrated statistically significantly greater improvements (compared to preoperative scores) in PedsQL scores at all time points after surgery, except in terms of the 6-week and 6-month PROs and the 6-month parent-reported outcomes (p = 0.068, 0.483, and 0.076, respectively).CONCLUSIONSPatients with severe disability, as assessed by the PedsQL, had lower absolute PedsQL scores at all time points after surgery but greater improvement in short- and intermediate-term PROs. The authors conclude that the PedsQL is an efficient and accurate tool that can quickly assess patient disability in the preoperative period and predict both short- and intermediate-term surgical outcomes.
Perioperative near-infrared spectroscopy cerebral oxygen saturation in symptomatic pediatric hydrocephalus patients at risk for intracranial hypertension
Authors: Lang Shih-Shan , Khanna Omaditya , Atkin Natalie J. , Palma Judy E. , Yuan Ian , Storm Phillip B. , Heuer Gregory G. , Kennedy Benjamin , Waanders Angela J. , Li Yimei , Huh Jimmy W. 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVEThe lack of a continuous, noninvasive modality for monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) is a major obstacle in the care of pediatric patients with hydrocephalus who are at risk for intracranial hypertension. Intracranial hypertension can lead to cerebral ischemia and brain tissue hypoxia. In this study, the authors evaluated the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in symptomatic pediatric patients with hydrocephalus concerning for elevated ICP.METHODSThe authors evaluated the NIRS rSO2 trends in pediatric patients presenting with acute hydrocephalus and clinical symptoms of intracranial hypertension. NIRS rSO2 values were recorded hourly before and after neurosurgical intervention. To test for significance between preoperative and postoperative values, the authors constructed a linear regression model with the rSO2 values as the outcome and pre- and postsurgery cohorts as the independent variable, adjusted for age and sex, and used the generalized estimating equation method to account for within-subject correlation.RESULTSTwenty-two pediatric patients underwent NIRS rSO2 monitoring before and after CSF diversion surgery. The mean durations of NIRS rSO2 recording pre- and postoperatively were 13.95 and 26.82 hours, respectively. The mean pre- and postoperative rSO2 values were 73.84% and 80.65%, respectively, and the adjusted mean difference estimated from the regression model was 5.98% (adjusted p < 0.0001), suggestive of improved cerebral oxygenation after definitive neurosurgical CSF diversion treatment. Postoperatively, all patients returned to baseline neurological status with no clinical symptoms of elevated ICP.CONCLUSIONSCerebral oxygenation trends measured by NIRS in symptomatic pediatric hydrocephalus patients with intracranial hypertension generally improve after CSF diversion surgery.
Permissible restrictions on freedom of religion and belief
Authors: Nowak Manfred , Vospernik Tania , Fylypovych Liudmyla O. 
Published: January 2020

In the article presented M. Novak and T. Vaspernik highlight five possibilities of legislative restriction of rights in the sphere of freedom of conscience and religion. The authors, based on an analysis of the judgments of the European Court of Justice, examine in detail the grounds on which religious rights may be restricted.

Restrictions on public safety.
Restrictions on public order.
Restrictions on public health.
Restrictions on Moral Protection.
Restrictions imposed to protect fundamental rights and freedoms

other persons.

Proselytism
Blasphemy
Other rights and freedoms of others
Dimensión económica del turismo accesible: Lecturas para Ecuador
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Natacha Pahola De las Mercedes , Carranza Díaz Dajhanna Pahola , Carranza Mendoza Sergio Benjamín , Mora Pisco Lilia Lourdes 
Published: January 2020

La dimensión económica del turismo accesible, constituye un factor de particular importancia para el desarrollo de la inclusión social como fundamento para el desarrollo humano sostenible, sin embargo, es un fenómeno insuficientemente abordado en la literatura, el mismo aparece más como un enunciado que como un aspecto de relevancia social. A partir de esta consideración este artículo tiene como propósito, ofrecer un análisis sobre la dimensión económica del turismo accesible, derivando lecciones para un país como Ecuador. Para el análisis se emplean las herramientas de la investigación cualitativa, a partir de la observación y el análisis documental, lo que permite revelar como idea central, la importancia que tiene repensar la práctica del turismo accesible en las diversas regiones del Ecuador como un factor de crecimiento económico y desarrollo social, encadenado con los sectores de la economía nacional.
Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid status in Autism spectrum disorder children
Authors: Mahruba Syeda Nusrat , Begum Shelina , Shahjadi Shorifa , Afroz Sharmin , Siddiqi Umme Raihan , Parvin Jobaida 
Published: January 2020

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. The etiology of ASD involves gene-environmental interaction. Vitamin B12 and folic acid have important roles as methyl donor in many biosynthetic pathways, protein synthesis and formation of myelin sheath throughout the central nervous system. Therefore, deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid may act as environmental risk factor for ASD.
Objective: To evaluate serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in ASD children.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, from 2018 to 2019. Total 100 children 3-10 years of age were enrolled for this study.Among them fifty (50) diagnosed children with ASD were included in the study group. Fifty (50) healthy children constituted the control group. ASD children were selected from the Parent’s Forum for autistic children. No children were included receiving any vitamin supplementation or had acute illness. For this study, serum level of vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured by automated analyzer.For statistical analysis unpaired “t” test and chi square test were done.
Result: The mean values of vitamin B12 and folic acid were significantly lower in ASD children than those of control group (p value <0.05). In addition 4% ASD children had vitamin B12 deficiency.
Conclusion: Low serum vitamin B12 and folic acid was associated with ASD.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 43-47
Impact of Slow breathing exercise on heart rate variability in male Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yesmin Jenefer , Begum Noorzahan , Ferdousi Sultana 
Published: January 2020

Background: Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) with cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction has been found in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Yoga based slow breathing exercise (SBE) improved this autonomic functions in healthy subjects.
Objectives: To assess the effect of SBE on cardiac autonomic nerve function(CANF) by power spectral analysis of HRV in patients with T2DM.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried on 30 male diagnosed T2DM patients aged 45-55 years with disease duration 5-10 years enrolled from Out Patient Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. They performed SBE for 30 minutes twice daily for 3 months. Thirty apparently healthy age, BMI matched male who did not undergo any type of exercise were included as control. To assess the cardiac autonomic nerve function, power spectral analysis of HRV of all patients were done before and after 3 months of SBE. HRV data were recorded by polyrite D (RMS India). For statistical analysis, independent sample and paired sample t-test were used.
Results: The preintervention values of Low frequency (LF) normalized unit(nu) and Low frequency/High frequency( LF/HF) ratio were significantly (p<0.001) higher and the values of LF power, HF power, HF normalized unit (HF nu) were significantly (p<0.001) lower in all diabetic patients compared to control. The postintervention values of LF power, HF power, HF nu increased significantly (p<0.001) and the LF nu, LF/HF ratio decreased significantly (p<0.001)compared to their pre-intervention values in T2DM. There were no significant differences between the post intervention values of LF nu, HF nu and LF/HF ratio in T2DM and the control.
Conclusion: Impaired cardiac autonomic nerve function was significantly improved by SBE in T2DM.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 63-68
Does Vitamin D3 supplementation affect antioxidant enzymes of D3 deficient patients with asthma COPD overlap (ACO)? - A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mahmud Maksuda Bintey , Ali Taskina , Bennoor Kazi Saifuddin , Hossain Md Ali , Rahman Mustafizur , Khan Mohammad Abdus Shakur , Islam Md Saiful , Hassan Samia , Nahar Salsa Bil , Rosy Sharkia Khanam , Sultana Naznin , Anjum Salma 
Published: January 2020

Background: Asthma COPD overlap (ACO) is a new disease entity where respiratory tract is continuously exposed to oxidants. Supplementation of vitamin D3 have shown evidence of increasing antioxidant enzymes level which neutralize these oxidants.
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on two antioxidant enzyme levels in D3 deficient ACO patients.
Methods: A double blinded placebo controlled randomized clinical trial (RCT) was carried out on 60 (sixty) D3 deficient [serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 25(OH) D<30 ng/ml], male, smoker, stable ACO patients of age 40 to 80 years. This RCT was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03931889. After the final selection, all the patients were randomly allocated to vitamin D3 supplemented ‘Study’ group (n=30) or placebo treated ‘Control’ group (n=30). Two antioxidant enzyme levels [plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] were measured at their baseline. Subsequently, along with standard pharmacological treatment of ACO, ‘Study’ patients received 80,000 IU (2 oral capsules) of vitamin D3 per week for first 13 weeks. Thereafter, according to their serum 25(OH)D or calcium concentration, they received 40,000 IU (1 oral capsule) of D3 per 1 week or per 2 weeks or per 6 weeks or no further supplementation, for another 13 weeks. Whereas, all the ‘Control’ patients received two oral capsules of placebo weekly, for consecutive 26 weeks. All patients of both groups were also advised to have sunlight exposure (within 11 am to 4 pm) only for 20 minutes daily. After 26 weeks of follow up, both enzyme levels of all patients were again measured. Both enzymes were measured by ELISA method using spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed by Student’s paired and unpaired ‘t’ test, where p≤0.05 was accepted as significant.
Results: Initially a total 60 patients were enrolled and randomized, but ultimately 40 of them completed the trial. The baseline antioxidant enzymes levels of two groups were not significantly different. However, the mean level of both enzymes increased in both groups after 26 weeks of follow up but it was statistically significant (p<0.001) only in ‘Study’ patients. In addition, SOD (p<0.05) and CAT (p<0.01) were significantly higher in the vitamin D3 supplemented patients than those of placebo treated patients after 26 weeks of follow up.
Conclusion: The present study reveals that vitamin D3 supplementation increases the antioxidant enzyme level in vitamin D3 deficient stable ACO patients.
J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 89-98
The Relationship of Spirituality and Mental Health to Recidivism
Authors: Stewart Chris , Rapp Lisa , Drum Lori 
Published: January 2020

This study examined the relationship of adolescent spirituality and mental health to recidivism in a sample of incarcerated adolescent males. Mental health has been strongly linked to adolescent problematic behavior, including delinquency and subsequent recidivism. Adolescent spirituality however, has not been explored to the same degree as mental health. There is little understanding for example, as to whether spirituality may act as a protective factor in regard to adolescent recidivism; particularly in the presence of other important factors. Both multidimensional measures and a longitudinal design were employed to explore spirituality and mental health during participation in, and after discharge from, a boot camp. Results support the likely importance of adolescent spirituality as a protective factor in regard to recidivism.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Sometimes You Have to Bend Your Knees
Authors: Darrell Linda , Kelly Micheal 
Published: January 2020

Hard conversations are needed to move our country from the racially polarized position we currently find ourselves in. This Special edition of Social Work and Christianity is the result of the courage, tenacity and faith of a group of Christian Social Work professionals who engaged in the process of difficult conversations. As you read through the introduction and the articles presented in this edition, we are sure you will be intrigued and hopefully prompted to critically think about the need to engage in your own challenging conversations as a way to begin bridging the racial divide in our country. As co-editors of this special edition, we were challenged to deeply reflect on our indiviual life experiences, recognizing our differences as well as the things we had in common. We each struggled with our beliefs as they pertained to the level of racial division within our communities, churches and professions. We were honored to review the number of articles submitted, and contemplated how we would introduce this edition. Racial Reconciliation from a Christian perspective is a process we as Christian Social Workers must be engaged in to meet the command of our Christian faith "A new command I give you:Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another". John 13:34
Механізми державного управління примусовим виконанням судових рішень щодо суб’єктів господарювання: аналіз проведених досліджень і виокремлення перспективних їх напрямів
Authors: Velychko Larysa , Tovmasian Artur 
Published: January 2020

Проаналізовано зміст авторефератів дисертацій і фахових публікацій, присвячених державному управлінню примусовим виконанням судових рішень щодо суб’єктів господарювання. Виокремлено перспективні напрями дисертаційних досліджень за даною проблематикою. Конкретизовано перелік специфічних засобів (у межах визнаних методів) державного управління примусовим виконанням судових рішень.
Ключові слова: державне управління, судові рішення, примусове виконання, суб’єкти господарювання, дисертаційні дослідження, перспективні напрями.
Державна комунікативна політика та комунікативна політика органів державної влади: співвідношення понять
Authors: Pavlenko Ye. M.  
Published: January 2020

У статті формулюється загальний підхід до визначення поняття «комунікативна політика». Проведено аналіз сучасного наукового дискурсу щодо визначення поняття «комунікативна політика». Розглянуто поняття «державна комунікативна політика», «комунікативна політика органів державної влади». Для визначення співвідношення понять «державна комунікативна політика» та «комунікативна політика органів державної влади» застосовано п’ять критеріїв порівняння. На підставі аналізу цих понять відокремлено спільні та особливі риси відповідних політик.
Характеристика принципів публічного адміністрування в країнах-членах ЕС
Authors: Baranov Andriy  
Published: January 2020

У статті охарактеризовано основні принципи публічного управління та адміністрування в країнах-членах ЕС, основою яких є адміністративне право, спільне для західноєвропейських країн, і включає такі групи принципів, як надійність і передбачуваність (правова визначеність); відкритість і прозорість; підзвітність; ефективність і результативність.
Визначено адміністративно-правовий механізм впровадження системи демократичних принципів публічного управління та адміністрування, які закріплені єдиним обов'язковим юридичним інструментом загального регулювання запобігання корупції серед державних службовців та публічних осіб країнах-членах ЄС, зокрема UNCAC (United Nations Convention against Corruption), описанням в Технічному довіднику UNCAC (який має консультативну функцію) і інструменти м'якої політики (прийняті у цій сфері ЄС, РЄ та ОЕСР), зокрема кодекси поведінки, принципи, рекомендації та керівні принципи, які викладені в Типовому кодексі поведінки державних службовців Ради Європи та в Принципах ОЕСР з управління етикою в державній службі.
У статті зазначено, що для країн-членів ЄС не існує acquis communautaire, яка б встановила вимогу щодо об'єктивного, відповідального, чесного і прозорого державного сектору. Проте передумовою для прозорого та ефективного демократичного управління є зазначені вище принципи, які відіграють фундаментальну роль у процесі європейської інтеграції, надаючи можливість здійснювати найважливіші реформи та ефективний діалог з Європейським Союзом, а також є критеріями розширення ЄС з метою створення сильної національної системи публічного управління та адміністрування. При цьому увага уряду до конкретних принципів може відрізнятися в залежності від країни, залежно від структури управління в країні, адміністративної культури, попередніх реформ і ключових проблем конкретної країни; структура моніторингу встановлює узгоджений набір вимог для всіх країн, надаючи кожній країні певну гнучкість у визначенні своїх завдань.
Perbedaan Tingkat Optimisme pada Mahasiswa Semester Awal dan Mahasiswa Semester Akhir Strata Satu Fakultas Kedokteran
Authors: Umboh Majesty P. , Pali Cicilia , David Lydia E. V. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study was aimed to obtain the difference in optimism between the first and the final semester students of Faculty of MedicineThis was an analytical and observational study. Subjects were students of the first and the final semester of Faculty of Medicine Sam Ratulangi University Manado obtained by using total sampling technique. The instrument of this study was Alat ukur yang digunakan ialah kuesioner LOT-R questionnaire consisting of 10 items. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney test that obtained a p-value of 0.001 for the difference in optimism level. In conclusion, there was a significant difference in the optimism level between the students of the first and the final semesters of Faculty of MedicineKeywords: optimism, medical students Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan tingkat optimisme pada mahasiswa semester awal dan mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Kedokteran. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 100 mahasiswa semester awal dan 100 mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan ialah kuesioner LOT-R (10 aitem). Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney yang mendapatkan nilai p=0,001 untuk perbedaan tingkat optimisme. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan tingkat optimisme pada mahasiswa semester awal dan mahasiswa semester akhir Fakultas Kedokteran.Kata kunci: optimisme, mahasiswa Falultas Kedokteran