bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verification and Validation of Subsea Flowline Connectors - Correlating Results
Authors: Rahayem, Ph.D. Mohamed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Subsea flowline connectors are crucial components of subsea production system (SPS), ensuring the structural integrity and the pressure-containing connection between SPS components. This paper presents a correlation study between verification analysis and validation testing (V&V) results of a flowline connector structural capacity, hub separation and leak tightness performance requirements at extreme and accidental loads and according to API spec 17D, API spec 6A and API-RP-17R standards.
The presented V&V study consists of two steps:
In the first step, the flowline connector design verification requirements were defined and calculated using finite element analysis (FEA) in accordance to the applicable industry standards and considering combined separation loads.
In the second step, physical validation tests were used to validate the obtained FEA results. Strain gauges were used to verify the combined separation loads such as, bending Moment load and the connector locking force. In addition, four linear variable displacement transducers (LVDTs) mounted in the connector hubs and spaced with equal circumferential distance to quantify the actual hub separation at metal seal location.
The study highlights a significant and positive correlation between results from verification FEA and validation testing and proved the accuracy of FEA methodology that been used to determine the structural capacity, hub separation and leak-tightness performance requirements.
Additionally, a digital twin of the physical flowline connector has been established with a high confidence level which will be used to understand and predict the performance of flowline connectors at unpredicted extreme or accidental loads and for future development and optimization of subsea flowline connectors.
Finally, this paper, for the first time, presents a detailed and insightful correlation study between V&V results of subsea flowline connectors.
On the Valuation of Natural Resources: Real Options Analysis of Marginal Oilfield-Development Projects Under Multiple Uncertainties
Authors: Acheampong Theophilus 
Published: November 2020

Summary
This paper shows the applicability and the value of real options analysis (ROA) in valuing a marginal undeveloped discovery in the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) under multiple project uncertainties, namely geology, costs, and oil prices. Marginal fields can prove uneconomic when developed under prevailing circumstances such as technical (reservoir size, infrastructure distance and remoteness, crude-oil type) or commercial issues (oil prices, high cost of development, lack of third-party-access arrangements), among others. As such, using traditional discounted-cash-flow (DCF) methodologies such as the net present value (NPV) might not adequately value the embedded options that these uncertainties create, leading to a rejection of the investment decision. Hence, we assess if the valuation differs if valued by the traditional DCF approach compared with ROA. We develop a valuation model for the traditional DCF and real options and specifically model the flexibility in the options to delay, abandon, or expand the field anytime during the relinquishment requirement period considering these multiple uncertainties. The binomial lattice and later the Black and Scholes models are used to model the options because of the flexibility they provide in incorporating early exercise. The results indicate that the DCF values lag those of the option values for the deferral and expansion options. In contrast, the abandonment option exhibited only a marginal change with respect to the DCF value. A significant implication of this finding is that management decision making will be better off considering these embedded options in their field-development and capital-investment choices.
Gastroprotective effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus carbonisata-derived carbon dots on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats
Authors: Luo Juan , Hu Jie , Zhang Meiling , Zhang Yue , Wu Jiashu , Cheng Jinjun , Qu Huihua , Kong Hui , Zhao Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGastric ulcers is a common gastrointestinal digestive system disease. Considering the frequency of human gastric ulcers, the side effects and cost of some existing synthetic drugs, the use of natural products is an important choice for many people. The aim of present study was to explore gastroprotective effects of nelumbinis rhizomatis nodus carbonisata carbon dots (NRNC-CDs) on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats.MethodsThe NRNC-CDs were synthesized via high temperature calcinations treatment at 350 ℃ for 1 h were characterized by various spectroscopic and electron microscopy techniques for their structural, morphological, and optical properties. In vitro cytotoxicity of CDs for the human gastric epithelial cells line (GES-1 cells) was assessed by the CCK-8 assay. Furthermore, the study evaluated gastroprotective effects of NRNC-CDs on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats, followed by a preliminary study on the possible mechanisms of gastroprotection.ResultesNRNC-CDs with a quantum yield of 1.38% have an average diameter of 2.89±0.82nm and the lattice spacing of 0.29 nm , and exerted low toxicity to GES-1 cells by CCK-8 test. In vivo experiments showed that NRNC-CDs remarkably reduced gastric mucosal damage and significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). In addition, NRNC-CDs also significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in gastric tissues. Histological findings demonstrated that NRNC-CDs exhibited a protective effect against tissue alterations in response to the ethanol-induced ulcer.ConclussionThe potent gastroprotective effect of NRNC-CDs were thus attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This discovery provides guidance for further research the effect of CDs in gastrointestinal digestive diseases.
Facile fabrication of Tl4HgI6 nanostructures as a novel antibacterial and antibiofilm agents
Authors: Karami Maryam , Ghanbari Mojgan , Amiri Omid , SALAVATI-NIASARI MASOUD , Rashki Somaye 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the present study, Tl4HgI6 nanostructures have been successfully fabricated through a simple precipitation route. The impact of TlI stoichiometric ratio to HgI2, and kind of surfactants was explored on purity, structure, and shape of samples. The as-fabricated Tl4HgI6 was characterized via XRD, EDX, FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectrometry corroborated the XRD outcomes, and revealed that the Tl4HgI6 nanoparticles were successfully fabricated. The structure, shape, and scale of the products were studied through FESEM images. It was observed that different factors have a notable aspect on the morphology and size of the products. The maximum antibacterial activity of Tl4HgI6 was perceived against S. aureus, E.coli and M. catarils. These outcomes demonstrate that Tl4HgI6 displays efficient bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The anti-biofilm activity revealed that the best reduction of biofilm was recognized in higher Tl4HgI6 concentrations (2×MIC). Tl4HgI6 at 2×MIC concentration inhibits biofilm production by S. aureus and E. feacalis with an inhibition percentage of 95% and 90%, respectively.
Soluble P-tau217 reflects both amyloid and tau pathology in the human brain and mediates the association of amyloid with neocortical tau
Authors: Mattsson-Carlgren Niklas , Janelidze Shorena , Bateman Randall , Smith Ruben , Stomrud Erik , Serrano Geidy , Reiman Eric , Palmqvist Sebastian , Dage Jeffrey , Beach Thomas , Hansson Oskar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Plasma levels of phospho-tau217 (P-tau217) accurately differentiate Alzheimer’s disease dementia from other dementias, but it is unclear to what degree this reflects β-amyloid plaque accumulation, tau tangle accumulation, or both. In a cohort with post-mortem neuropathological data (N=88), both plaque and tangle density contributed independently to higher P-tau217. Several findings were replicated in a cohort with PET imaging (“BioFINDER-2”, N=426), where β-amyloid and tau PET were independently associated to P-tau217. P-tau217 correlated with β-amyloid PET (but not tau PET) in early disease stages, and with both β-amyloid and (more strongly) tau PET in late disease stages. Finally, P-tau217 mediated the association between β-amyloid and tau in both cohorts, especially for tau outside of the medial temporal lobe. These findings support the hypothesis that plasma P-tau217 is increased by both β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles and is congruent with the hypothesis that P-tau is involved in β-amyloid-dependent formation of neocortical tau tangles.
Single-cell RNA-Aequencing Reveals Novel Myofibroblasts with Epithelial Cell-Like Features in the Mammary Gland of Dairy Cattle
Authors: Gu Fengfei , Wu Jiajin , Zhu Senlin , Valencak Teresa G. , Liu Jian-Xin , Sun Hui-Zeng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Cow’s milk is a highly-nutritious dairy product that is widely consumed worldwide. It is secreted by the developed mammary gland (MG) of dairy cattle. However, a comprehensive understanding of cell-type diversity and cell function within bovine MG is lacking. In the current study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the transcriptome of 24,472 high-quality MG cells isolated from newborn and adult cows. Results: Unbiased clustering analysis revealed the existence of 24 cell types, which could be divided into four categories: 9 immune, 3 epithelial, 9 fibroblast, and 3 endothelial cell types. Other cell subtypes were further identified based on re-clustering and pseudotemporal reconstruction of epithelial cells that included 3 mature luminal epithelial, 1 intermediate, and 2 progenitor cell subtypes. The individual top marker genes of these 3 mature luminal epithelial cell subtypes (L0, L1, and L5) were APOA1, STC2, and PTX3, which were further validated using immunofluorescence. Based on functional analysis, the L0, L1, and L5 cell subtypes were all involved in the upregulation of lipid metabolism, protein and hormone metabolism, and the immune response, respectively. Furthermore, we discovered a novel myofibroblast that expresses COL1A1 and CSN3, has visible epithelial-like characteristics, and shows the potential to differentiate into luminal epithelial cells, especially immune-sensing luminal cells (L5). Conclusions: We constructed the first single-cell atlas of the dairy cow MG, and our new findings of epithelial-like myofibroblast cells and their differentiation trajectories into luminal cells may provide novel insights into the development and lactogenesis in dairy cattle MGs.
Modeling and Validation of Diamagnetic Rotor Levitated by Permanent Magnetics
Authors: Xu Yuanping , Zhang Yue , Zhou Jin , Jin Chaowu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Featured as an innovative powerless and low stiffness suspension approach, diamagnetic levitation technique has trigged intensive interest because of its potential applicability in miniaturized mechanical system. The foundation of diamagnetic levitation system lies in mathematical modeling, which is essential for operating performance optimization and stability predication. However, to date, few literatures concerning the systematic mathematical modeling has been reported. Herein, in this work, a systematic mathematic model for disc-shaped diamagnetically levitated rotor on permanent magnets array is proposed. Based on the proposed model, the magnetic field distribution characteristics, diamagnetic levitation force characteristics (i.e. levitation height and stiffness) expressions and the optimized theorical conditions for realizing stable levitation are achieved. Experiments are also performed to dig out the relationship between levitation height and levitation force. Moreover, the operating stability of rotor under different conditions is evaluated. The experimental results are well in accordance with the theorical predications, confirming the feasibility of this mathematic model.
A Case Report and Literature Review of a Death Caused by Aeromonas daca Complicated with Septic Shock
Authors: Zhao Qiquan , Han Xiaoli 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: For decades, Aeromonas daca has often been mistaken for Aeromonas hydrophila by phenotypic identification systems and shows obvious characteristics of virulence. The clinical data of patients with A. daca reported in China and elsewhere in the past 5 years were retrospectively analyzed to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease. Methods: The diagnosis and treatment of a patient who died of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage caused by A. daca in our hospital were reported. The CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched with "Aeromonas daca" as the keyword, and the PubMed database was searched with "Aeromonas dhakensis" as the keyword; these searchers covered publications from the last 5 years. The data reported in the literature from China and elsewhere were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The patient, a 26-year-old male with no underlying disease, was admitted to our hospital for 3 days because of cough, expectoration and shortness of breath. According to blood and lavage fluid cultures and next-generation sequencing (NGS), the patient was diagnosed with an A. daca infection. He soon deteriorated to a critical condition complicated with septic shock and died after active rescue treatment. A total of three relatively complete English-language studies were retrieved, yielding data on 3 patients in total. Conclusion: A. daca infection is lethal, and an accurate taxonomy can improve our understanding of the epidemiological distribution and virulence potential of this human pathogen. Third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems should be used cautiously in the treatment of severe A. daca infection, and the best regimen is cefepime or fluoroquinolones.
10×Genomics Single-cell Sequencing Reveals Differential Cell Types in Skin Tissues of Liaoning Cashmere Goats and Key Genes Related Potentially to the Fineness of Cashmere Fiber
Authors: Zheng Yuanyuan , Wang Yanru , Hui Taiyu , Xu Yanan , Zhang Yu , Wang Zeying , Tian He , Wang Wei , Cong Yuyan , Guo Suping , Wu Rina , Dou Xingtang , Zhang Xinghui , Zhu Yanxu , Guo Dan , Yue Chang , Bai Zhixian , Sun Jiaming , Cai Weidong , Zhang Xinjiang , Gu Ming , Qin Yuting , Bai Man , Fan Yixing , Bai Wenlin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cashmere fineness is one of the important factors determining cashmere quality, however, our understanding about the cells that make up the cashmere fineness is limited. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and computational models to identify 13 skin cell types in Liaoning Cashmere Goats. We also analyzed the molecular changes by Pseudo-Timeline Analysis in the development process and revealed the maturation process in gene expression profile in Liaoning Cashmere Goats. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) explored hub genes in cell clusters related to cashmere formation. Secondary hair follicle dermal papilla cells (SDPCs) play an important role in the growth and density of cashmere. ACTA2, a marker gene of SDPCs, was selected for immunofluorescence (IF) and western blot (WB) verification. It was proved that it was mainly expressed in SDPCs, and WB results showed different expression levels. COL1A1 is a high expression gene in SDPCs, which was verified by IF and WB. Then select the function gene CXCL8 of SDPCs to verify, and prove the differential expression in the coarse type and the fine type of Liaoning Cashmere Goats. Therefore, COL1A1 may involve in regulated skin development and CXCL8 gene may regulate cashmere fineness. These genes may be involved in regulating the fineness of cashmere in goat secondary hair follicle dermal papilla cells, our research will provide new insights into the mechanism of cashmere growth and cashmere fineness regulation by cells.
Preventive Procedure for Stenosis After Esophagojejunostomy Using A Circular Stapler and Transorally Inserted Anvil (OrVilTM) Following Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy and Total Gastrectomy Involving Reduction of Anastomotic Tension
Authors: Nomura Eiji , Kayano Hajime , Seki Takatoshi , Abe Rin , Yoshii Hisamichi , Uda Shuji , Kazuno Akihito , Izumi Hideki , Yamamoto Soichiro , Mukai Masaya , Makuuchi Hiroyasu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently, due to increasing reports of stenosis after esophagojejunostomy created using circular staplers and a transorally inserted anvil (OrVilTM) following laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) and total gastrectomy (LTG), linear staplers are being used instead. We investigated our preventive procedure for esophagojejunostomy stenosis performed using circular staplers.Methods Since the anastomotic stenosis is considered to be mainly caused by tension in the esophageal and jejunal stumps at the anastomotic site, we have been performing procedures to relieve this tension, by cutting off the rubber band and pushing the shaft of the circular stapler toward the esophageal side, since July 2015. We retrospectively compared the incidence of anastomotic stenosis in cases of LPG and LTG performed before July 2015 (early phase, 30 cases) versus those performed after this period (later phase, 22 cases).Results Comparison of the incidence of anastomotic stenosis according to the type of surgery, LPG or LTG, and between the two time periods versus all cases, indicated a significantly lower incidence in the later phase than in the early phase (4.5% vs. 26.7%, p<0.05), especially for LPG (0% vs. 38.5%, p<0.05).Conclusions It is possible to use a circular stapler during laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy, as with open surgery, if steps to reduce tension on the anastomotic site are undertaken. These procedures will contribute to the spread of safe and simple laparoscopic anastomotic techniques.
Childhood ischaemic stroke in the basal ganglia can lead to fine motor and anxiety disorders: a retrospective analysis and follow-up of 109 cases
Authors: Li Tianyi , Ma Jiannan , Hong Siqi , Luo Yuanyuan , Li Xiujuan , Li Tingsong , Jiang Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Backgroud:Stroke in children easily causes long-term dysfunction. Whether the prognoses of motor and anxiety disorders are related to the affected stroke area has not been reported. Methods: 109 cases of children with ischaemic stroke were reviewed and divided into three groups: lenticular nucleus lesions only (lenticular nucleus group), lenticular nucleus and caudate head lesions (caudate head group), and lenticular nucleus and thalamus lesions (thalamus group). Overall prognosis was evaluated by the mRS score. The SCAS-P was used to evaluate anxiety in children aged ≥6 years. Results: mRS scores were ≤2 points (mean: 0.62), no significant difference among groups. 3/21 (14.2%) patients in the caudate head group changed handedness, which is significantly higher than other groups. Patients with lesions in thalamus group had significantly higher SCAS-P scores. Conclusions: The overall prognosis of children with basal ganglia ischaemic stroke is good. However, hand preference changes and anxiety disorders may develop. Patients in the caudate head groups are more likely to suffer from fine motor disorders and changes in handedness. Patients within the thalamus group are more prone to anxiety than patients in the other groups. Anxiety disorders should be noted in children with basal ganglia stroke.
A New Inflammatory Parameter Can Predict Delayed Intracranial Hemorrhage Following Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Authors: Li Shiwei , Wang Hongcai , Li Feng , Chen Maosong , Chen Pandi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Delayed intracerebral hemorrhage (DICH) secondary to ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is considered to be a potentially severe event, however, little is known about the risk factors and underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the association between NLRR (a ratio of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and DICH secondary to VP shunt.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent VP shunt between January 2016 and June 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of DICH and NLRR. Then patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut-off point of NLRR, propensity score matching (PSM) method was performed to reconfirm the result.Results: A total of 130 patients were enrolled and DICH occurred in 29 patients. Elevated NLRR (odds ratio [OR], 2.774; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.372-5.609; P<0.001) and history of craniotomy (OR, 3.505; 95%CI, 1.040-11.813; p=0.043) were independent risk factors for DICH secondary to VP shunt. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of NLRR showed that area under the curve was 0.832. The optimal cut off point of NLRR was 2.05, and the sensitivity was 89.7%, the specificity was 63.4%. Patients with NLRR>2.05 had much higher incidence of DICH (OR, 11.25; 95%CI, 1.35-93.50; p=0.025; PSM cohort, n=82). Conclusions: Our finding suggested that DICH following VP shunt was not a rare complication and elevated NLRR could independently predict DICH. Inflammatory responses might play an important role in the development of DICH following VP shunt.
Clinical and Imaging Analysis to Evaluate the Response of Patients With Anti-DPPX Encephalitis To Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiao Jun , Fu Pei-cai , Li Zhi-jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To report the main spectrum, new clinical and imaging characteristics of dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) antibody-associated encephalitis, and evaluate the effect of immunotherapy.Methods: A retrospective analysis of nine patients reported describing the clinical and immunological features was performed, and all previously reported cases were reviewed. A cell-based indirect immunofluorescence assay with human embryonic kidney 293 cells transfected with DPPX was used. Results: Nine patients were identified (median age, 51 years; range, 14–65 years) with prodromal fever, diarrhea, or weight loss, followed by a rapidly progressive encephalopathy characterized by cognitive disorder. One patient who received methylprednisolone therapy and a trail of tacrolimus showed substantial improvement and had no relapse in the six-month follow-up. Our comprehensive literature review demonstrated that a total of 53 cases were reported, of which more than half had prodromal weight loss (52.8%), and gastrointestinal disorders (58.5%). Cognitive (74.6%) and brainstem/spinal cord disorders (75.5%) were the most common major symptoms. Our study is the first to report three patients with anti-DPPX encephalitis who had sleep disorder of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), limb paralysis (two), severe pleocytosis and elevated protein levels (two) in the cerebrospinal fluid, and increased T2/FLAIR signal abnormalities in the bilateral hippocampus, temporal lobe, amygdala, basal ganglia, thalamus, centrum semiovale, and frontal and parietal lobes in seven cases (77.8%).Conclusion: Our study expanded the clinical and imaging phenotype of anti-DPPX- encephalitis. We also reported the use of tacrolimus for long-term immunosuppressant therapy in anti-DPPX encephalitis, with substantial improvement and no relapse during a follow-up period of 6 months. Further studies elucidating the entire clinical spectrum of anti-DPPX encephalitis, pathogenic roles, and prognosis under long-term immunosuppressive therapy are warranted.