bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an autophagy-related gene prognostic signature in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jie , Wang Min , Hu Daixing 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
There is plenty of evidence showing that autophagy plays an important role in the biological process of cancer. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel autophagy-related prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Methods
The mRNA microarray and clinical data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed by using a univariate Cox proportional regression model to select candidate autophagy-related prognostic genes. Bioinformatics analysis of gene function using the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) platforms was performed. A multivariate Cox proportional regression model helped to develop a prognostic signature from the pool of candidate genes. On the basis of this prognostic signature, we could divide LUAD and LUSC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Further survival analysis demonstrated that high-risk patients had significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) than low-risk patients. The signature which contains six autophagy-related genes (EIF4EBP1, TP63, BNIP3, ATIC, ERO1A and FADD) showed good performance for predicting the survival of LUAD and LUSC patients by having a better Area Under Curves (AUC) than other clinical parameters. Its efficacy was also validated by data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Conclusion
Collectively, the prognostic signature we proposed is a promising biomarker for monitoring the outcomes of LUAD and LUSC.
Case Report: When Exercise Went Wrong
Authors: Shee Kim Heng 
Published: January 2020

Background: Exercise stress test (EST) is recommended as the first-line investigation in major guidelines. It believed as a safe procedure. However, there is unignorable complications include hospitalisation, acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.
Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 56-year-old male who underwent exercise stress test and complicated with hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia. He was resuscitated and diagnosed with acute anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Subsequent coronary angiogram showed severe two vessels disease.
Conclusion: This illustrates the importance to identify a cohort of high-risk patient pre-EST, along with proper supervision and well-staffed exercise stress test lab in order to provide appropriate lifesaving treatment.
Analyses of integrated EPID images for on‐treatment quality assurance to account for interfractional variations in volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Matsushita Norimasa , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Sasaki Makoto , Yano Shinsuke , Yoshimura Michio , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effects of interfractional variation, such as anatomical changes and setup errors, on dose delivery during treatment for prostate cancer (PC) and head and neck cancer (HNC) by courses of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) aided by on‐treatment electronic portal imaging device (EPID) images.MethodsSeven patients with PC and 20 patients with HNC who had received VMAT participated in this study. After obtaining photon fluence at the position of the EPID for each treatment arc from on‐treatment integrated EPID images, we calculated the differences between the fluence for the first fraction and each subsequent fraction for each arc. The passing rates were investigated based on a tolerance level of 3% of the maximum fluence during the treatment courses and the correlations between the passing rates and anatomical changes.ResultsIn PC, the median and lowest passing rates were 99.8% and 95.2%, respectively. No correlations between passing rates and interfractional variation were found. In HNC, the median passing rate of all fractions was 93.0%, and the lowest passing rate was 79.6% during the 35th fraction. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the passing rates and changes in weight or neck volume were − 0.77 and − 0.74, respectively.ConclusionsAnalyses of the on‐treatment EPID images facilitates estimates of the interfractional anatomical variation in HNC patients during VMAT and thus improves assessments of the need for re‐planning or adaptive strategies and the timing thereof.
Incidence Trends and Mortality of Giant Cell Arteritis in Southern Norway
Authors: Andersen Jintana B. , Myklebust Geirmund , Haugeberg Glenn , Pripp Are H. , Diamantopoulos Andreas P. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveSouthern Norway consists of a homogeneous population of nearly 300,000 inhabitants and is an ideal epidemiologic setting. We aimed to explore potential changes in incidence of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in Southern Norway from 2000–2013, with comparisons of previous reports from the same population cohort from 1987–1994 and 1992–1996, and to investigate the mortality rates of GCA over a period of 14 years.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with GCA during January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2013 were identified through the electronic health records and biopsy findings databases at our clinic. The diagnosis of GCA and information about death was confirmed by reviewing the patients’ hospital records. Inclusion criteria were: 1) fulfillment of the American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for GCA, or 2) histologically proven GCA, or 3) confirmed arteritis of the large or medium‐sized vessels by imaging.ResultsA total of 206 patients were included, and 147 (72%) were females. The annual incidence rate of GCA per 100,000 inhabitants age ≥50 years was 16.8 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 14.6–19.2), 24.5 for females (95% CI 19.2–26.5), and 10.2 for males (95% CI 7.9–13.2). Forty‐six patients (22%) died (24 women, 22 men). The overall standardized mortality ratio was 1.05 (95% CI 0.77–1.38), 0.92 for females (95% CI 0.61–1.35), and 1.38 for males (95% CI 0.88–2.05). Overall survival rate was significantly higher in females compared to males (P < 0.001).ConclusionGCA incidence is not increasing. We did not find excess mortality; however, males seem to have a worse survival rate compared to females.
Patterns of Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor (TNFi) Biosimilar Use Across United States Rheumatology Practices
Authors: Bansback Nick , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Huang Jie , He Zeling , Evans Michael , Johansson Tracy , Michaud Kaleb , Schmajuk Gabriela , Liao Katherine P. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveIt is unclear if biosimilars of biologics for inflammatory arthritis are realizing their promise to increase competition and improve accessibility. This study evaluates biosimilar tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) utilization across rheumatology practices in the United States and compares whether patients initiating biosimilars remain on these treatments at least as long as new initiators of bio‐originators.MethodsWe identified a cohort of patients initiating a TNFi biosimilar between January 2017 and September 2018 from an electronic health record registry containing data from 218 rheumatology practices and over 1 million rheumatology patients in the United States. We also identified a cohort of patients who initiated the bio‐originator TNFi during the same period. We calculated the proportion of biosimilar prescriptions compared with other TNFi's and compared persistence on these therapies, adjusting for age, sex, diagnoses codes, and insurance type.ResultsWe identified 909 patients prescribed the biosimilar infliximab‐dyyb, the only biosimilar prescribed, and 4413 patients with a new prescription for the bio‐originator infliximab. Biosimilar patients tended to be older, have a diagnosis code for rheumatoid arthritis, and covered by Medicare insurance. Over the study period, biosimilar prescriptions reached a maximum of 3.5% of all TNFi prescriptions. Patients persisted on the biosimilar at least as long as the bio‐originator infliximab (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, P = 0.07).ConclusionThe uptake of biosimilars in the United States remains low despite persistence on infliximab‐dyyb being similar to the infliximab bio‐originator. These results add to clinical studies that should provide greater confidence to patients and physicians regarding biosimilar use.
Foliar applied zinc increases yield, zinc concentration, and germination in wheat genotypes
Authors: Shariatipour Nikwan , Alavikia Seyed‐Siamak , Vahed Mohammad Moghaddam , Velu Govindan , Heidari Bahram 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman malnutrition associated with zinc (Zn) deficiency is a growing problem in many areas. This study was conducted to assess wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypic variation of grain Zn concentration, grain germination, and grain yield in response to foliar application of Zn. Twenty‐four wheat genotypes, including several recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and commercial cultivars, were assessed in two separate experiments; one experiment sprayed with ZnSO4·7H2O dissolved in water at wheat heading growth stage and one without applying Zn foliar treatment. The range for grain (25.1–63.1) and endosperm (1.2–61.6 mg kg−1) Zn concentrations were different between the two Zn treatments. Significant (p = .05) genotype × Zn treatment interactions showed that some genotypes were more responsive to Zn applications than others. The application of Zn increased the Zn concentration in the endosperm in 18 out of the 24 genotypes. For grain, Zn application increased the concentration in the grain in 21 out of the 24 genotypes. Grain yield and germination were increased in the Zn treated cultivars compared with non‐treated. In conclusion, foliar application of Zn improved traits in wheat, and identified genetic variation lays the foundation for genotype selection with respect to higher Zn concentration.
Molecular Design of Non‐doped OLEDs Based on a Twisted Heptagonal Acceptor: A Delicate Balance between Rigidity and Rotatability
Authors: Huang Zhenmei , Bin Zhengyang , Su Rongchuan , Yang Feng , Lan Jingbo , You Jingsong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of efficient non‐doped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is highly desired but very challenging because of a severe aggregation‐caused quenching effect. Herein, we present a heptagonal diimide acceptor (BPI), which can restrict excessive intramolecular rotation and inhibit close intermolecular π–π stacking due to well‐balanced rigidity and rotatability of heptagonal structure. The BPI‐based luminogen (DMAC‐BPI) shows significant aggregation‐induced delayed florescence with an extremely high photoluminescence quantum yield (95.8 %) of the neat film, and the corresponding non‐doped OLEDs exhibit outstanding electroluminescence performance with maximum external quantum efficiency as high as 24.7 % and remarkably low efficiency roll‐off as low as 1.0 % at 1000 cd m−2, which represents the state‐of‐the‐art performance for non‐doped OLEDs. In addition, the synthetic route to DMAC‐BPI is greatly streamlined and simplified through oxidative Ar−H/Ar−H homo‐coupling reaction.
Site‐Selective 1,2‐Dicarbofunctionalization of Vinyl Boronates through Dual Catalysis
Authors: Sun Shang‐Zheng , Duan Yaya , Mega Riccardo S. , Somerville Rosie J. , Martin Ruben 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA modular, site‐selective 1,2‐dicarbofunctionalization of vinyl boronates with organic halides through dual catalysis is described. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions and is characterized by excellent chemo‐ and regioselectivity. It thus represents a complementary new technique for preparing densely functionalized alkyl boron architectures from simple and accessible precursors.
Optimization of operating conditions in desulfurization of petroleum coke using induction heating
Authors: Pourabdollah Kobra , Zakaria Masoud Samadian , Najafizadeh Seyed Mohammad Mir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe matrix structure and properties of petcoke samples can be impressed by uniform and in situ thermal treatment. In this work, a novel hyphenated thermal approach was applied to investigate the ferromagnetic‐based desulfurization of petcoke samples and the effect of controlling parameters. Induction heating furnace and capillary gas chromatography (CGC) were designed and assembled to study the thermal desulfurization of ferromagnetic petcoke, which was prepared by penetration of some metallic elements (e.g., Fe, Cr, and Ni) into the coke framework. Based upon a design of experiment algorithm, the petcoke matrix, the evolved gases and the residue coke breeze were monitored by energy‐dispersive X–ray spectroscopy mapping, CGC, and electrical resistivity measurements. The results revealed that during petcoke formation, ferromagnetic metals were diffused and distributed throughout the coke matrix leading to the acceleration of the induction heating in the second stage of thermal treatment. Moreover, the evolved gas analysis showed the role and the rank of drainage rate, particle size, desulfurization temperature, induction frequency, and feed humidity parameters on the yield of desulfurization process. The effect of magnetic desulfurization on the specific electrical resistivity of coke breeze was identified as an industrial opportunity to be used in the cathodic protection systems.
Bicomponent nanofibers from core–shell nozzle in gas jet spinning process
Authors: Niknezhad Sepideh , Jana Sadhan C. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThis work evaluates the use of a core–shell nozzle assembly in conjunction with gas jet spinning technique for production of bicomponent nanofibers from an immiscible polymer pair of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) with three morphological forms—interpenetrating network (IPN), core–shell, and bilobal structurers—by varying the sets of miscible solvents offering different affinity for the polymers. Such fiber structures have strong potential in drug delivery and wound dressing applications. Solutions of PVP and PVAc in respective single solvents metered through a core–shell nozzle assembly meet at the exit of the nozzle and a liquid jet is initiated upon contact with a turbulent gas jet. The gas jet stretches the liquid jet into nanofibers. The results indicate that miscible solvent pairs with low affinity for one of the polymer component yield core–shell morphology with distinct polymer interfaces, while the miscible solvent pairs with high affinity for both polymers produce IPN morphology. Also, interchanging core and shell solutions does not alter the IPN morphology. Finally, bilobal nanofiber structures result from spinning of polymer solutions in miscible solvents with low affinity for the second polymer using a nonconcentric core–shell nozzle assembly. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48901.
Tribological and corrosion behaviors of fluorocarbon coating reinforced with sodium iron titanate platelets and whiskers
Authors: Li Chang , Hu Yalong , Zhang Jiazhi , Shen Liming , Bao Ningzhong 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTA series of sodium iron titanate (NFTO)–fluorocarbon composite coatings have been prepared with the liquid‐phase blending method. The effects of two types of NFTO, NFTO platelets, and NFTO whiskers, on the tribological and corrosion behaviors of the composite coatings, are systematically studied. The results show that the addition of NFTO can significantly enhance the friction‐reducing and wear resistance performances of the fluorocarbon coating. Under dry sliding, the minimum specific wear rate is 1.67 × 10−4 mm3/Nm for the platelet‐filled composite coatings and 1.15 × 10−4 mm3/Nm for the whisker‐filled composite coatings, respectively, showing a decrease of 83.5 and 88.6% than that of pure coating. Under a simulated seawater environment, the minimum specific wear rate is 5.44 × 10−5 mm3/Nm for the platelet‐filled composite coatings and 0.84 × 10−5 mm3/Nm for the whisker‐filled composite coatings, respectively, showing a decrease of 90.5 and 98.5% than that of pure coating. The morphologies of worn surfaces, wear debris, and transfer films are analyzed, and the corresponding wear resistance mechanisms are discussed. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy certifies a remarkably improved corrosion resistance of the composite coatings which have been immersed in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution for 30 days. The composite coating reinforced with 7.5 wt % platelets shows the highest resistance of 256.3 × 106 Ω·cm2, approximately two orders of magnitude higher than that of pure coating. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48936.
A brachiopod biotope associated with rocky bottoms at the shelf break in the central Mediterranean Sea: Geobiological traits and conservation aspects
Authors: Angeletti Lorenzo , Canese Simonepietro , Cardone Frine , Castellan Giorgio , Foglini Federica , Taviani Marco 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

In the Recent, brachiopods only seldom occur in benthic communities. A biotope dominated by Megerlia truncata was identified in 2013 by exploration of the south‐easternmost Adriatic margin by Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV).
Emerging rocky substrates next to the shelf break at approximately 120 m appear intensively exploited by this eurybathic rhynchonelliformean brachiopod, attaining a population of more than 300 individuals per m2.
Calcareous red algae are almost ubiquitous at this site and preferentially encrust sectors of the substrate where brachiopods are minimal.
This Megerlia biotope is a novel finding for this part of the Mediterranean Sea, similar to a situation previously observed in the Western Basin, off the Mediterranean French coast.
It is proposed that this remarkable brachiopod biotope and the adjacent rhodolith bed are considered important for conservation management.
The skin structures and their role in the thermoregulation of the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis)
Authors: da Silva Ana Paula , Machado Alex S. D. , Le Bas Alfredo E. , Silva Rodrigo G. , dos Anjos Silva Elizangela , Hernandez‐Blazquez Francisco J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe skin of the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) is important for animal thermoregulation in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Skin tissue samples were collected from A. australis for microscopic analysis and were related to anatomical references. The aim of this study was to describe the skin morphology, as well as to suggest the major anatomical regions and skin components involved in the thermoregulation of this species. Using light microscopy, the skin of six animals was examined based on histological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical criteria. Hair follicle morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The skin was classified as either thick or thin based on its epidermal thickness. The thin epidermis regions had more abundant hair follicles, as well as high pigmentation, whereas the thick epidermis regions had very pigmented epidermal layers. Pigmentation of hair and skin is fundamental for protection against ultraviolet rays; moreover, hair is important in preventing abrasion, and provides an insulating layer against the external environment, which can be much colder than body temperature. Furthermore, the dermis is well vascularized, especially the superficial dermis. All regions of the skin have adaptations for maintaining the animal's condition in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Among the studied regions, the interdigital region from hindflipper showed important morphological characteristics related to thermoregulation, such as having an epidermis of intermediate thickness, a dermis with a small number of hairs, a large amount of blood vessels, and sweat glands with large lumens, indicating that heat exchange in this region may be faster.
Cultural astronomy and educational opportunities
Authors: Gullberg Steven R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhat can be learned from astronomy in culture is examined and the importance of including such research as a part of certain studies is emphasized. A primary goal is to help scholars to learn more about the research of astronomy in culture with the objective of increasing the numbers of those engaged with this in strong research and publication. An important aspect of research is the potential use of astronomy in the examination of any culture. Educational opportunities are presented that can enable scholars to add related research knowledge that will enable them to augment their studies in this pursuit. Such educational initiatives will greatly strengthen this research in the future and will facilitate significant advancements in what we know about the astronomy of ancient and indigenous cultures worldwide.
Plasmin inhibitor deficiency: A case report
Authors: Aissaoui Ouissal , Cherkab Rachid , Barrou Lahoucine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPlasmin inhibitor deficiency is an overlooked cause of hemorrhage. It is a rare disease. Delayed post‐traumatic occurrence of bleeding is an essential feature. The specific dosage must be performed to diagnose cases of severe, persistent bleeding, contrasting with normal usual tests of hemostasis.
An enlarging scaly plaque localized on the previous keloid of the chest
Authors: Ehsani Amir Houshang , Kamyab‐Hesari Kambiz , Noormohammadpour Pedram , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Razavi Zahra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). It may arise rapidly in a scar or keloid, presumably due to a long‐standing proliferative state or autoimmune theory. There should be a low threshold for performing a skin biopsy if unusual lesions develop at those sites.
Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus Based Electrocatalysts for Water‐Splitting
Authors: Shi Fangbing , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrogen from electrocatalytic water splitting is a clean and renewable source of sustainable energy. Highly efficient electrocatalyst is of great importance for the low‐cost and large‐scale production of hydrogen. Effective electrocatalysts made of earth abundant elements such as element P have attracted extensive interest. Due to the attractive properties of black phosphorus (BP) including tunable physicochemical characteristics, unique in‐plane anisotropic structure, high charge‐carrier mobility, and large specific surface area, make it stand out from four allotropes. And the breakthrough in BP exfoliation enables it to be a promising 2D platform for designing flexible and versatile BP‐based materials. This review summarizes all these bulk BP, BP nanosheets, BP quantum dots (QDs) as well as BP‐based materials as efficient electrocatalysts in the last several years, with their synthesis methods and electrocatalytic properties for water splitting. Furthermore, some challenges and perspectives for the future development of BP‐based electrocatalysts have been briefly offered.
Photoinitiated Thiol‐ene Reactions of Enoses: A Powerful Tool for Stereoselective Synthesis of Glycomimetics with Challenging Glycosidic Linkages
Authors: Borbás Anikó 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThioglycosides and C‐glycosides represent pharmacologically useful classes of glycomimetics that possess a high degree of biological stability. One emerging tool for the stereoselective synthesis of thioglycosides is the photoinitiated addition of thiols to unsaturated sugars. Moreover, thiyl radical‐mediated reactions of exo‐glycals and 1‐substituted endo‐glycals offer facile routes to β‐C‐glycosidic structures. This Concept article summarizes the thiol‐ene coupling strategies developed recently by our group and Somsák's group for the synthesis of several kinds of glycomimetics which are difficult to synthesize by conventional methods. One unusual characteristic of the thiol‐ene reactions of endo‐glycals is that heating inhibits, whereas cooling promotes the reaction. This unique temperature dependence as well as the effects of the enose structures and thiol configurations on the efficacy and stereoselectivity of the reactions are also discussed.