bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From gametogenesis to spawning: How climate‐driven warming affects teleost reproductive biology
Authors: Alix Maud , Kjesbu Olav S. , Anderson Kelli C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmbient temperature modulates reproductive processes, especially in poikilotherms such as teleosts. Consequently, global warming is expected to impact the reproductive function of fish, which has implications for wild population dynamics, fisheries and aquaculture. In this extensive review spanning tropical and cold‐water environments, we examine the impact of higher‐than‐optimal temperatures on teleost reproductive development and physiology across reproductive stages, species, generations and sexes. In doing so, we demonstrate that warmer‐than‐optimal temperatures can affect every stage of reproductive development from puberty through to the act of spawning, and these responses are mediated by age at spawning and are associated with changes in physiology at multiple levels of the brain–pituitary–gonad axis. Response to temperature is often species‐specific and changes with environmental history/transgenerational conditioning, and the amplitude, timing and duration of thermal exposure within a generation. Thermally driven changes to physiology, gamete development and maturation typically culminate in poor sperm and oocyte quality, and/or advancement/delay/inhibition of ovulation/spermiation and spawning. Although the field of teleost reproduction and temperature is advanced in many respects, we identify areas where research is lacking, especially for males and egg quality from “omics” perspectives. Climate‐driven warming will continue to disturb teleost reproductive performance and therefore guide future research, especially in the emerging areas of transgenerational acclimation and epigenetic studies, which will help to understand and project climate change impacts on wild populations and could also have implications for aquaculture.
Interactions between coral restoration and fish assemblages: implications for reef management
Authors: Seraphim Marie J. , Sloman Katherine A. , Alexander Mhairi E. , Janetski Noel , Jompa Jamaluddin , Ambo‐Rappe Rohani , Snellgrove Donna , Mars Frank , Harborne Alastair R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCorals create complex reef structures that provide both habitat and food for many fish species. Because of numerous natural and anthropogenic threats, many coral reefs are currently being degraded, endangering the fish assemblages they support. Coral reef restoration, an active ecological management tool, may help reverse some of the current trends in reef degradation through the transplantation of stony corals. Although restoration techniques have been extensively reviewed in relation to coral survival, our understanding of the effects of adding live coral cover and complexity on fishes is in its infancy with a lack of scientifically validated research. This study reviews the limited data on reef restoration and fish assemblages, and complements this with the more extensive understanding of complex interactions between natural reefs and fishes and how this might inform restoration efforts. It also discusses which key fish species or functional groups may promote, facilitate or inhibit restoration efforts and, in turn, how restoration efforts can be optimised to enhance coral fish assemblages. By highlighting critical knowledge gaps in relation to fishes and restoration interactions, the study aims to stimulate research into the role of reef fishes in restoration projects. A greater understanding of the functional roles of reef fishes would also help inform whether restoration projects can return fish assemblages to their natural compositions or whether alternative species compositions develop, and over what timeframe. Although alleviation of local and global reef stressors remains a priority, reef restoration is an important tool; an increased understanding of the interactions between replanted corals and the fishes they support is critical for ensuring its success for people and nature.
Spatiotemporal variations in density and biomass of rocky reef fish in a biogeographic climatic transition zone: trends over 9 years, inside and outside the only nearshore no‐take marine‐protected area on the southern Brazilian coast
Authors: Anderson Antônio B. , Joyeux Jean‐Christophe , Floeter Sergio R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBiogeographical transition zones are important areas to investigate evolutionary ecological questions, but long‐term population monitoring is needed to better understand ecological processes that govern population variations in such edge environments. The southernmost Brazilian rocky reefs are the southern limit of distribution for 96% of the tropical ichthyofauna of the western Atlantic. The Arvoredo Marine Biological Reserve is the only nearshore no‐take marine‐protected area (MPA) located in this transition zone. The main aim was to investigate how the populations of rocky reef fish species vary in density and biomass in space and over time, inside and outside the Arvoredo MPA. This study presents results based on a 9 year (2008–2017) underwater visual census monitoring study to evaluate the density and biomass of key fish species. Variations in density and biomass were detected for most species. Factors and mechanisms that may have influenced spatial variation are habitat structural complexity and protection from fisheries. Temporal variations, otherwise, may have been influenced by species proximity to their distributional limit, in synergy with density‐dependent mechanisms and stochastic winter temperature oscillations. The MPAs harbour higher density and biomass for most species. Nonetheless, a prominent temporal decline in the recruitment of Epinephelus marginatus calls into question the continuous effectiveness of the MPA.
Impacts of bisphenol A analogues on zebrafish post‐embryonic brain
Authors: Coumailleau Pascal , Trempont Sarah , Pellegrini Elisabeth , Charlier Thierry D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) is a widely studied and well‐recognised endocrine‐disrupting chemical, and one of the current issues is its safe replacement by various analogues. Using larva zebrafish as a model, the present study reveals that moderate and chronic exposure to BPA analogues such as bisphenol S, bisphenol F and bisphenol AF may also affect vertebrate neurodevelopment and locomotor activity. Several parameters of embryo‐larval development were investigated, such as mortality, hatching, number of mitotically active cell, as defined by 5‐bromo‐2'‐deoxyuridine incorporation and proliferative cell nuclear antigen labelling, aromatase B protein expression in radial glial cell and locomotor activity. Our results show that exposure to several bisphenol analogues induced an acceleration of embryo hatching rate. At the level of the developing brain, a strong up‐regulation of the oestrogen‐sensitive Aromatase B was also detected in the hypothalamic region. This up‐regulation was not associated with effects on the numbers of mitotically active progenitors nor differentiated neurones in the preoptic area and in the nuclear recessus posterior of the hypothalamus zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, using a high‐throughput video tracking system to monitor locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae, we show that some bisphenol analogues, such as bisphenol AF, significantly reduced locomotor activity following 6 days of exposure. Taken together, our study provides evidence that BPA analogues can also affect the neurobehavioural development of zebrafish.
What Is the Perceived Value of Certification Among Registered Nurses? A Systematic Review
Authors: Van Wicklin Sharon Ann , Leveling Mark E. , Stobinski James X. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo explore how registered nurses (certified, noncertified, and managers) value certification as determined by the Perceived Value of Certification Tool, review the psychometric properties of the instrument, and ascertain the benefits and barriers to nursing specialty certification.DesignSystematic review (without meta‐analysis) of 18 studies representing 26,534 registered nurses.MethodsRigorous processes were used to minimize bias; to identify, appraise, and synthesize studies to explore how registered nurses value certification; and to ascertain the benefits and barriers to nursing specialty certification. Psychometric properties of the Perceived Value of Certification Tool were also reviewed and evaluated. Methods and results are presented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.FindingsAll studies included in the review were cross‐sectional studies with observational, descriptive designs published between 2003 and 2019. The average study participant was a 49‐year‐old Caucasian woman with a bachelor of science in nursing degree and 20 years of experience working as a staff nurse in a hospital. In accordance with the results reported in all studies included in the systematic review, the highest level of agreement and strong agreement occurred with the intrinsic value statements of enhances feeling of personal accomplishment (n = 16,697; 97.8%), provides personal satisfaction (n = 16,607; 92.7%), and validates specialized knowledge (n = 16,697; 97%). The lowest levels of agreement and strong agreement occurred with the extrinsic value statements of promotes recognition from employers (n = 16,607; 78.6%), increases consumer confidence (n = 16,607; 73.3%), and increases salary (n = 16,607; 41.9%).ConclusionsThe vigorous statistical work completed on the developmental study for the instrument conducted in 2003 has yet to be duplicated in the multiple studies published subsequently. The chiefly descriptive studies detailed in this systematic review are of limited usefulness in guiding future research. The Perceived Value of Certification Tool has proven useful in stimulating interest; however, a revision of the instrument is now required to promote research and patient outcome studies regarding the self‐perceived value of certification in nursing specialties.Clinical RelevanceThis report systematically reviews 18 studies that have used the Perceived Value of Certification Tool, a tool that has been widely used since 2003, to measure the perceptions of registered nurses regarding specialty certification. This review provides evidence that the instrument has potential for expanded use in patient outcomes studies and should be revised to better serve the needs of researchers.
The 577‐nm pro‐yellow diode laser as a reliable and effective tool for facial telangiectasia
Authors: Mohammed Essam‐Elden M. , Makki Mahmoud A. , Solyman Zeinab S. , Elsaie Mohamed L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundLaser treatment of vascular skin conditions is very useful option yet remains to be a very challenging task.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of 577‐nm diode laser for treating facial telangiectasia.Patients and methodsThirty patients with facial telangiectasia were included in this prospective study. All participants received 3 sessions of a single‐pass 577‐nm diode laser. Sessions were delivered on a monthly basis, and digital photographic assessment was made at baseline and on follow‐up 1 month after the last treatment.ResultsAt the final visit, there was a significant improvement (> 50%) reported in 21/30 (70%) patients while a poor response was reported in 2/30 (6.7%) patients. The skin phototype and site of the lesions significantly affected the result outcome (P < .05) while none of the patients’ age, sex, or duration of facial telangiectasia significantly affected the treatment outcome (P > .05). Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation occurred in 2(6.7%) patients which resolved within 1.5 months.ConclusionFacial telangiectasia can be successfully treated with a 577‐nm diode laser with minimal side effects.
Evaluation of quality of life of patients with hirsutism among Turkish women: A single‐center cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kutlu Ömer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with hirsutism have an increased number of psychological diseases including depression, anxiety, and social isolation with decreased quality of life.AimsWe aimed to investigate changes in the quality of life of patients with hirsutism among Turkish women.MethodsA total of 57 patients diagnosed with hirsutism were included in this study. The patients were investigated in terms of Dermatological Life Quality Index (DLQI) score, concomitant clinical findings, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Modified Ferriman‐Gallwey (mFG) was used for the diagnosis of hirsutism.ResultsThe mean DLQI score of the patients was 9.80 ± 6.50, while the median value of the mFG score was 25 (minimum 8, maximum 34). The mean DLQI score of patients who had an mFG score of four only in one region of the face was statistically higher than women with an mFG score less than four (P = .033). No statistically significant correlation was found between DLQI and mFG scores (P = .254). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of DLQI between women with acne, seborrhea, androgenetic alopecia, menstrual irregularity, or acanthosis nigricans versus those without them (P >.05). The mean DLQI score was statistically significantly higher for patients with PCOS than for those without PCOS (P = .004).ConclusionAs shown by mFG score, quality of life is affected in certain areas for women with hirsutism. The mFG score is not correlated with the quality of life score. Certain areas of excessive hair that lead to stigma may be more important in quality of life for these women. The quality of life seems to be significantly more affected in hirsutism patients with PCOS than those without PCOS. Finally, clinical symptoms and signs appear to have no important role in the quality of life of patients with hirsutism.
Interventions to prevent in‐hospital falls in older people with cognitive impairment for further research: A mixed studies review
Authors: Stockwell‐Smith Gillian , Adeleye Adeniyi , Chaboyer Wendy , Cooke Marie , Phelan Maggie , Todd Jo‐anne , Grealish Laurie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile advances in falls prevention in the adult population have occurred, the care requirements for older patients with cognitive impairment at risk of falling are less established.ObjectivesTo identify interventions to prevent in‐hospital falls in older patients with cognitive impairment for further research and describe the strategies used to implement those interventions.DesignA seven‐stage mixed studies review was used.MethodsSeven electronic databases were searched. The SPIDER framework guided the review question and selection of search terms. The Mixed Methods Assessment Tool was used to appraise the quality of research studies, and the Quality Improvement Minimum Quality Data Set was used to appraise the quality of quality improvement projects. A convergent qualitative synthesis was used to analyse the extracted data. The adapted PRISMA guideline informed the procedures.ResultsTen projects (five quality improvements and five researches) were included. Five themes emerged from the synthesis: engaging with families in falls prevention, assessing falls risk to identify interventions, extending nursing observation through technology, conducting a medication review and initiating nonpharmacological delirium prevention interventions. Implementation was not well described and commonly focused on capital investment to initiate a falls prevention programme and education to introduce staff to the new techniques for practice.ConclusionsEmerging research and quality improvement studies demonstrate that effective falls prevention with this vulnerable population is possible but requires further investigation before widespread practice recommendations can be made. Further research and quality improvement in this area should consider adoption of an implementation framework to address sustainability.Relevance to clinical practiceReducing falls in older people with cognitive impairment requires nurses to work more closely with pharmacists, occupational therapists and social workers to develop strategies that work and are sustainable.
Comparison of the predictive validity of three fall risk assessment tools and analysis of fall‐risk factors at a tertiary teaching hospital
Authors: Cho Eun Hee , Woo Yun Jung , Han Arum , Chung Yoon Chung , Kim Yeon Hee , Park Hyeoun‐Ae 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesThe main purpose of this study was to identify the best fall‐risk assessment tool, among the Morse Fall Scale, the Johns Hopkins fall‐risk Assessment Tool and the Hendrich II fall‐risk Model, for a tertiary teaching hospital. The study also analysed fall‐risk factors in the hospital, focusing on the items of each fall assessment tool.MethodsData on falls were obtained from the patient safety reports and electronic nursing records of a tertiary teaching hospital. A retrospective study was conducted to compare the sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, Youden index and accuracy of the Morse Fall Scale, the Johns Hopkins fall‐risk Assessment Tool and the Hendrich II fall‐risk Model. This study was conducted according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline for reporting case–control studies.ResultsBy analysing the association between falls and the items included in the three tools, we identified significant fall‐risk factors such as gait, dizziness or vertigo, changes in mental status, impulsivity, history of falling, elimination disorder, drugs affecting falls, and depression.ConclusionsThe Hendrich II fall‐risk Model had the best predictive performance for falls of the three tools, considering the highest in the area under the curve and the Youden index that comprehensively analysed sensitivity and specificity, while the Johns Hopkins fall‐risk Assessment Tool had the highest accuracy. The most significant fall‐risk predictors are gait, dizziness or vertigo, change in mental state, and history of falling.Relevance to clinical practiceTo improve the fall assessment performance of the Morse Fall Scale at the study hospital, we propose that it be supplemented with four most significant fall‐risk predictors identified in this study.
Contextualising missed care in two healthcare inquiries using a socio‐ecological systems approach
Authors: Phelan Amanda , Kirwan Marcia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine missed care within two patient safety public inquiries using a socio‐ecological model.BackgroundMissed care is a care which has been omitted or rendered incomplete. Possible outcomes of missed care have been identified including poor patient outcomes such as higher mortality rates, reduced care quality and lower patient satisfaction, job dissatisfaction, staff burnout and higher attrition rates.DesignA qualitative design, specifically document analysis, was used to review two serious case reviews.MethodsBetween August–December 2018, two public patient safety inquiries were examined using a document analysis method. Both inquiries are based in acute hospital care settings of nursing (UK) and midwifery (Ireland). The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist provided a framework to report the study methods, context, findings, analysis and interpretation.ResultsFindings highlighted instances of missed care related to practice which contributed to poor patient outcomes. Missed care was located within contingency factors, such as unintended negative patient health and safety outcomes in multiple system levels which resulted in care deficits.ConclusionsA socio‐ecological model enabled consideration of how multi‐system deficits combine to impact nursing and midwifery care delivery. To tackle current and future practice challenges, broader contextual issues that influence front‐line cases should be identified and addressed before they create conditions which result in substandard care.Relevance to clinical practiceThis paper adds to the scholarship on missed care by incorporating a greater contextual lens. Findings suggest that some factors contributing to missed care events may be systemic in origin. Practice, policy, research and education should foster nurses’ and midwives’ review of the totality of influencing factors impacting missed care and care deficits. Consequently, early warning signs and proactive responses at a system level should be inherent in all settings that nurses’ and midwives’ practice.
Current and future strategies for treatment of ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Ogasawara Aiko , Sato Sho , Hasegawa Kosei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOvarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is one of the five histological types of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). OCCC comprises 23% of all EOC cases in Japan, whereas the rate of OCCC in North America and Europe is much lower. OCCC is generally categorized as a rare gynecologic malignancy, and there is limited evidence for specific treatment. The clinical basis for treatment of OCCC is mostly based on retrospective studies, many of which were performed in Japan. Until recently, most randomized clinical trials for EOC have included OCCC; therefore, current treatment for OCCC is basically the same as that for other histologic types of EOC. However, the clinical characteristics of OCCC differ from those of high‐grade serous carcinoma, particularly for chemosensitivity, and there is a need to develop new treatment for OCCC. The molecular background of OCCC has unique features: tumors are usually negative for p53 mutations and positive for ARID1A and/or PIK3CA mutations, whereas p53 mutations are common in high‐grade serous or endometrioid carcinomas. These features may help in development of new treatment for OCCC. In this review, we described the current evidence for treatment of OCCC, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and we discuss ongoing clinical trials and preclinical studies of new treatment approaches for OCCC.
Fossil pinnae, sporangia, and spores of Osmunda from the Eocene of South China and their implications for biogeography and paleoecology
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Yan , Wang Yong‐Dong , Wang Li , Zhou Ning , Li Li‐Qin , Jin Jian‐Hua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe genus Osmunda L. contains approximately 10 extant species widely distributed in tropical and temperate regions, with the greatest concentration of species in East and Southeast Asia. Osmunda is characterized by dimorphic or commonly hemidimorphic fronds with dimorphic pinnae. Its geological history has been traced back to the Triassic. Most records of the genus are based on rhizomes and rarely on pinnae bearing sporangia and spores. Here, we describe fossil pinnae, sporangia, and spores of Osmunda lignitum (Giebel) Stur recovered from the middle Eocene of the Changchang Formation in the Changchang Basin, Hainan Island and the Youganwo Formation in the Maoming Basin, Guangdong, South China. The fossils closely resemble the extant Osmunda banksiifolia (C. Presl) Kuhn of the subgenus Plenasium on the basis of their morphological and anatomical structures. The present occurrence of O. lignitum indicates subg. Plenasium flourished and extended from the high latitude regions such as Northeast China to the low latitude areas of South China during the middle Eocene. Large numbers of specimens described here also indicate that Osmunda was the dominant understory fern element beneath mixed evergreen broad‐leaf angiosperm and gymnosperm forests living in a warm and humid environment.