bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of vacuum annealing on the dispersion of thin double niobium-copper films deposited onto oxide materials
Authors: Gab I. I. , Stetsyuk T. V. , Shakhnin D. B. 
Published: July 2020

The kinetics of dispersion of thin niobium-copper films deposited onto leucosapphire, alumina and zirconia ceramics and annealed in vacuum at temperatures up to 1100 °C with different exposition times at each temperature (from 5 up to 20 min) was studied. The double films consisted of two layers: the first metallization layer was 150 nm niobium nanofilm deposited onto the oxide surface, and the second copper layer 1,5 mm thick deposited over the first one as a solder was used for joining of metallized oxide samples. It was found that these films remain rather dense during heating up to 1050 °C; and after annealing at 1100 °C they decompose into individual fragments covering about 80% the area of the ceramic substrates even after annealing during 20 min. The kinetic curves for the dispersion of these films were plotted.
Marktmacht im Daten(schutz)recht
Authors: Paal Boris 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Das Verhältnis von Datenschutz- und Kartellrecht ist – auch und gerade – in Bezug auf marktmächtige Unternehmen der Digitalökonomie („Internetgiganten“) mit guten Gründen ein hervorgehobener Befassungsgegenstand von Gesetzgebung und Rechtsprechung, Praxis und Forschung. Vornehmlich standen dabei bislang die Bedeutung und der Einfluss von datenschutzrechtlichen Regelungen für die Anwendung des Kartellrechts im Mittelpunkt. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt die umgekehrte Perspektive ein und untersucht, ob und inwieweit die kartellrechtlich grundierte Konzeption der unternehmensbezogenen Marktmacht (auch) im Datenschutzrecht Wirkungen entfalten kann. Zu diesem Zweck werden auch und gerade die für eine rechtmäßige Verarbeitung von personenbezogenen Daten maßgeblichen Erlaubnistatbestände aus Art. 6 der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung in den Blick zu nehmen sein.
Presentación Dossier: La escritura en los desplazamientos: viajes, expediciones y naufragios
Authors: Sancho Dobles Leonardo 
Published: July 2020

La escritura de los desplazamientos ofrece una cartografía y una geografía que complementa un viaje y ofrece una imagen diferente del espacio y de lo que lo circunda. A su vez la escritura de un desplazamiento espacial implica una doble operación metafórica, en primer lugar la del viaje mismo y el tránsito entre un espacio y otro y, en segundo término, la del lenguaje, es decir la de la elaboración simbólica en la construcción de significados a partir de significantes y es, en la escritura misma, donde esa imagen queda plasmada.
An Analysis of Variation Sources in Written Corrective Feedback Studies: What is the Next Step?
Authors: López Marisela Bonilla 
Published: July 2020

While there is a significant amount of compelling evidence to support written corrective feedback (error correction), it is also acknowledged that research findings may not be applicable or conclusive enough given the great variability among studies. Nevertheless, no systematic attempt has been made to review and synthesize the extensive amount of literature to identify the sources that lead to such variation. This study aims to identify such variables. Results indicate that in a research base of 76 relevant publications, variations can be explained based on 11 main sources. Pursuant to these findings, this study sketches the main variance-related problems and outlines design recommendations to further expand L2 research and practice of error correction in Second Language Acquisition.
The Ecclesiastical Role of The Holy Spirit in the Sacrament of Confirmation in the Teaching of Benedict XVI
Authors: Kluz Marek 
Published: July 2020

Formation of an ecclesial community constitutes the basic moral call arising from reception of the sacrament of confirmation. Formation of the person should also aim at accomplishing this objective. The Holy Spirit given in the sacrament of confirmation plays a fundamental role in building the Church. Opening up to the gift of the Holy Spirit and submission to His direction allows to find the proper place in the Church and accept full responsibility for destiny of the Church.The ecclesiological role of the Holy Spirit in the sacrament of conformation sounds significantly in the teaching of Benedict XVI. In his speeches and documents, the Pope repeatedly brought the truth about the special power of the Holy Spirit and His gifts into building the community dimension of the life of the Church. Therefore, in this reflection – based on allocations of Pope Benedict XVI – the ecclesiological role of the Holy Spirit, coming in the sacrament of confirmation, was presented.
Program formacji ewangelizatorów w Szkole Ewangelizacji Świętego Andrzeja
Authors: Szwed Izabela 
Published: July 2020

Nowa ewangelizacja jest narzędziem potrzebnym do głoszenia Ewangelii Jezusa Chrystusa, tej samej, lecz nowej w zapale, metodzie oraz środkach. Idee Szkoły Ewangelizacji Świętego Andrzeja, które zostały ukazane, są praktyczną odpowiedzią na to wezwanie. Na treść artykułu składa się szczegółowa analiza całej wizji, metodologii oraz strategii Programu pastoralnego Szkoły Ewangelizacji. Uwzględniono jego rolę i troskę o podejmowanie wyzwań nowej ewangelizacji. Ukazano syntezę myśli metod, a także dokładny opis programu formacji. Nie bez podstaw wydaje się być nadzieja, że podjęte badania przyczynią się do pogłębienia dotychczasowej wiedzy, co mogłoby przyczynić się do wykorzystania powyżej przedstawionego programu do formacji nowych ewangelizatorów dla nowej ewangelizacji.
Utracone dziedzictwo „pierworodnej córy Kościoła” na przykładzie sfery sacrum dawnej Île de la Cité
Authors: Hryszko Barbara 
Published: July 2020

Przywołanie obrazu średniowiecznej zabudowy kolebki stolicy Francji stanowi podstawę do namysłu nad charakterem jej utraconego religijnego i kulturowego dziedzictwa nie tylko w wymiarze materialnym, ale i duchowym, oraz nad wymową ideową nieistniejącej już sfery sacrum, w przeszłości zdecydowanie wyróżniającej się spośród świeckiej zabudowy wyspy. Świątynie miały nie tylko znaczenie religijne, lecz także polityczne i propagandowe. Przechowywane w nich święte relikwie, a szczególnie sprowadzona z Konstantynopola na paryską wyspę przez św. Ludwika IX w 1239 roku Korona Cierniowa, podniosły Paryż do rangi nowej ideowej stolicy cesarstwa. Wezwania kościołów upamiętniające pierwszych galijskich świętych wskazywały, jak fundamentalna dla początków chrześcijaństwa we Francji była wyspa. Bogata sfera sacrum podnosiła prestiż miasta, świadcząc zarówno o pobożności, jak i zamożności jego mieszkańców. Strefa sacrum Île de la Cité stanowiła istotę dawnej francuskiej religijności, w której była zakorzeniona cała tradycyjna kultura tego narodu.
Insygnia kanonickie. Aspekt prawno-liturgiczny
Authors: Adamczyk Jerzy 
Published: July 2020

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie zagadnienia oznak kanonickich w aspekcie prawnym i teologicznym w świetle obowiązującego prawa. W jego pierwszej części przedstawiono kwestię kompozycji ubiorów kanonickich. W drugiej części ukazano problematykę krzyża kanonickiego i pierścienia, natomiast część trzecia została poświęcona zagadnieniu używania insygniów kanonickich. Całość artykułu kończą wnioski i bibliografia.
Minimally invasive combined surgical treatment of postcoital cystitis
Authors: Inoyatov J. Sh. , Snurnitsyna O. V. , Lobanov M. V. , Malinina O. Yu. , Demidko Yu. L. , Taratkin M. S. , Rapoport L. M. , Enikeev M. E. , Glybochko P. V. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Urethral transposition remains the most popular operation for postcoital cystitis, however, traumatism and complications, especially such as pudendal neuropathies, dyspareunia and anorgasmia, make us continue to search for effective, but safer techniques.The study objective is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the proposed treatment of postcoital cystitis, including removal of urethrogymenal adhesions and subsequent paraurethral filler implantation, in comparison with isolated hymenoplasty.Materials and methods. Since 2013, 75 patients with postcoital cystitis have been treated. Patients were divided into two groups: main group – hymenoplasty (removal of urethral adhesions) with paraurethral filler implantation (n = 45), control group – hymenoplasty (n = 30). The gel was injected paraurethrically, fan-shaped, in the volume of 1–2 ml, from a point on the 6-hour conditional dial, creating a gel cushion and thus raising the meautus and distal urethra. To assess the quality of treatment, profile questionnaires were used.Results. In the main group of patient, the quality of life improved in 35 (78 %); in 5 patients, due to the process of biodegradation of the gel during 1 year, the cystitis recidivated, which required the filler reimplantation. In 5 patients, the operation was not effective. In the control group the efficiency of isolated hymenoplasty was noted in 3 (10 %) patients, relapse of cystitis occurred in 27 (90 %) patients, which later required the implantation of a filler. No complications were observed.Conclusions. The suggested combined technique allows to improve the results of treatment of patients with postcoital cystitis. The operation does not carry the risk of damage to the sprigs of the genital nerve, can serve as an alternative to traditional urethral transposition. The main disadvantage is the natural biodegradation of the gel, which may create the need for its reintroduction.
Transvaginal mesh surgery for anterior apical prolapse of the pelvic organs in women
Authors: Snurnitsina О. V. , Lobanov M. V. , Inoyatov I. Sh. , Nikitin A. , Slobodyanyuk B. A. , Rapoport L. M. , Enikeev M. E. 
Published: July 2020

The study objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the 6-arm mesh OPUR implant in treatment of anterior apical prolapse. Materials and methods. Three hundred patients with anterior apical prolapse (grade III–IV cystocele, grade II–IV hysteroptosis) underwent surgery. Prolapse repair was performed using the 6-arm mesh OPUR implant.Results. In 290 patients, the intended result was achieved (full prolapse elimination or stage I prolapse per the POP-Q (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System)). However, in 6 cases recurrences of hysteroptosis, in 4 cases recurrences of cystocele were diagnosed. The following postoperative complications were observed: hematoma of the anterior vaginal wall with spontaneous resorption in 12 patients; acute urinary retention resolved in 3–7 days after the surgery in 5.8 % cases; vaginal mucosa erosion in 4 cases (in 2 cases, fragment resection was necessary); intraoperative injury of the bladder in 3 patients (in 2 cases, prolapse repair after defect suturing was finished with transvaginal contralateral sacrospinous hysteropexy supplemented by anterior colporrhaphy; in 1 case, bladder defect was sutured prior to implantation). Conclusion. Transvaginal repair of anterior apical prolapse of the pelvic organs in women using the 6-arm implant is effective and relatively safe. Satisfactory anatomical results persisting for a long time (4–5 years) after implantation were achieved.
Pelvic floor reconstruction after total exenteration for radiation injuries of the pelvic organs (clinical case)
Authors: Korotkov V. A. , Petrov L. O. , Kasymov, M. R. , Pasov V. V. , Aferkina L. V. , Naumov N. P. , Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. 
Published: July 2020

The objective is to present the clinical case of pelvic floor reconstruction after total exenteration.Clinical case. The formation of the combined fistula after surgical treatment and combined radiation therapy for uterine body cancer is presented in female patient (57 years old). The rectum and bladder were removed, the perineal tissue was excised and a vulvectomy was performed. The rectus abdominis muscle was mobilized with epigastric artery and moved to the perineum. The wound was healed by primary tension. The patient lives a full life, adapted, and does not require analgesic therapy.Conclusion. The treatment and diagnosis tactics for regional combined fistulas are not standardized, and surgical treatment is the method of choice, especially in cases where the patient has already had radiation therapy for malignancy and relapse.
Assessment of Antibacterial Activity of Five Endodontic Sealing Materials Against Enterococcus Faecalis
Authors: Saeed Dara 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Residual and recurrence infection can be prevented by a root canal sealer that possesses good antibacterial activity, which contributes to the success of endodontic therapy. This in-vitro study conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of five endodontic sealers (MTA fillapex, HS Mxima MTA, Endosequence BC sealer, BioRoot RCS, and AH plus) against Enterococcus faecalis using agar diffusion test.
Methods: Freshly mixed sealers were placed into prepared wells on agar plates. The diameter of the inhibition zone was measured after incubation for 24 hours. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and LSD at a 0.05 significance.
Results: All tested samples had an antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecalis after 24 hours. MTA fillapex had the greatest antimicrobial effect with an inhibition diameter of 12.77mm, followed by Endosequence BC. Finally, the weakest antimicrobial effect was related to the BioRoot RCS sealer with a mean zone of inhibition of 10.26mm.
Conclusions: The root canal sealers showed different antimicrobial activity. However, MTA fillapex was the most effective sealer against the organism tested.
Failure Modes of New Fiber Post Systems Using Stereomicroscope: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Mouafaq Hani , Kadir Shakhawan 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Failure of the glass posts is a major and the main concern of practical dentistry. This study conducted to evaluate the mode of failure among prefabricated bundle fiber posts, prefabricated taper fiber posts, and short fiber-reinforced composite as a post and luting material using a stereomicroscope.
Methods: Thirty mandibular premolars were divided into three groups (n=10). Group 1: prefabricated taper fiber post cemented with a resin core, group 2: prefabricated bundle fiber post cemented with a resin core and group 3: short fiber-reinforced composite used instead of post and cement. Each root specimen cut into three slices of 2 mm thickness from the cervical, middle, and apical parts of the posts. Push-out tests were performed using a universal testing machine at three sites in each root at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Then, the specimens evaluated under stereomicroscope 40X to classify the failure mode.
Results: Sixty two specimens failed adhesively between dentin and cement in all groups, adhesive failure between the post and cement was in the second group, prefabricated taper fiber post (GC fiber post) followed by prefabricated bundle fiber posts (Rebilda GT) (17 sections), and the mixed failure was second for prefabricated bundle fiber posts (Rebilda GT) and third for prefabricated taper fiber post (GC fiber post) (11sections).
Conclusions: Adhesive failure between cement and dentin is dominant in all post systems in three sites of the roots (cervical, middle, and apical). The second most frequent failure is adhesive between post and cement in all regions in post systems.
Clinical and Biochemical Effects of 1% Curcumin Solution as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing on Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Mirza Barzn , Mohammad Chenar , Omer Rezan 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of subgingival irrigation of curcumin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Methods: 60 patients aged 30-50 years with chronic periodontitis recruited; 20 patients received subgingival irrigation of 1% of curcumin solution, 20 patients received subgingival irrigation of 0.12% of chlorhexidine solution, and 20 patients received scaling and root planing only (SRP). Pocket irrigation was conducted at baseline, 3, and 7 days after scaling and root planing. Clinical parameters and blood samples were collected at baseline before therapy and after two months of treatment to estimate the levels of total protein (TP), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme.
Results: Significant reduction of clinical and biochemical parameters after two months of treatment in the curcumin group (P<0.05). Nearly the same pattern for the chlorhexidine group (P<0.05), with non-significant differences with a baseline for albumin (P>0.05). Reduction of clinical parameters (P<0.05) and increase of CRP, ALP, and TP levels had been seen after scaling and root planing in the SRP group. No significant differences between the three main groups in relation to clinical parameters (P>0.05), with the exception of the gingival index and biochemical parameters (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Curcumin can be effectively used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing as chlorhexidine in chronic periodontitis due to the reduction of clinical parameters and inflammatory chemical markers; CRP, TP, and ALP enzyme.
Effects of Short and Long-Term Immersion in Denture Cleansers on the Dimensional Stability of Acrylic Denture Base Material
Authors: Younus Sanarya , Al-Kaisy Neda 
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of three commercially available denture cleansing solutions on the dimensional stability of heat cure acrylic denture bases.
Methods: Twenty four maxillary acrylic denture base samples were constructed and divided into four groups. Group 1. water as control, group 2. 1% Sodium hypochlorite, group 3. 2% Chlorhexidine, and Group 4. Kin tablet solution. Linear dimensional measurements were conducted along with five-time intervals: 0 times: before immersion, three days, ten days, one month, and two months after immersion. After each time interval, the specimens were photographed in a standardized manner, and the images were evaluated by Image J software. The dimensions between six projection points on the intaglio surface of denture bases were recorded and compared. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (Two-way ANOVA, Tukey test, p < 0.05).
Results: All specimens in three disinfectant solutions and water exhibited a small amount of linear expansion at all time intervals. The expansion was significant compared to the 0-time immersion. On the tenth day of immersion, the dimensional change becomes stable and constant until the end of the two months. Among the three disinfectants, 1% of Sodium hypochlorite registered the least expansion in some measured lines at two-time intervals followed by 2% Chlorhexidine.
Conclusions: Cleanser solutions induced dimensional changes on acrylic denture bases similar to the effect of water in all examined measurements. The long time cleanser's immersion had the same effect on the dimension as the short time effect.
Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in a Sample of Orthodontic Patients in Erbil City
Authors: Rahman Asma , Amin Rebin , Saleh Muhammed 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Dental anomalies are abnormal morphological development of dentition during various periods of tooth development and have an important role in the development of various kinds of malocclusions. If dental anomalies not diagnosed, they can make dental and orthodontic treatment more difficult. So, orthodontists and the general dental practitioner must investigate patients carefully. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in a sample of orthodontic patients in Erbil city using orthopantomogram.`
Methods: Four hundred fifty-eight orthopantomograms of orthodontic patients with age of 16-40 years evaluated to determine the prevalence and distribution of the hypodontia, impaction, microdontia, and supernumerary tooth.
Results: 15.06% orthodontic patients: 21 males and 48 females had at least one dental anomaly. Impaction and hypodontia were the most common dental anomalies with no significant difference between genders. Maxillary canines were more commonly impacted tooth, whereas maxillary lateral incisors were the most common tooth agenesis among genders.
Conclusions: Impaction was the most prevalent dental anomaly, and maxillary canines were the most involved teeth and are in agreement with many studies among various populations. The most frequently missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisors. However, mandibular 2nd premolar was the most common hypodontia in some studies.
Immunohistochemical Expression of BubR1 and Telomerase in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Garib Balkees , Mohammad Dena , Hamied Marwa 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Aberrant BubR1 and Telomerase expressions are considered as important markers in tumor progression and clinical outcome. This study purposed to describe, compare, and correlate the immunohistochemical expression of BubR1 and Telomerase in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed for 28 OSCC samples. The samples graded according to Bryne’s grading system. The reaction positivity, intracellular localization, and intensity were recorded. The expression distribution and mean-ranks of these markers were related to OSCC grades by Fisher’s exact and Kruskal Wallis tests. Finally, the correlation between them was achieved by Spearman’s rho test.
Results: BubR1 was detected in 89.3% of OSCCs, equally within scores 2 and 3 (35.7%), presented with 50% faint intensity, and 64.3% cytoplasmic localization. Grade III had a significantly higher mean-rank of BubR1 scoring. Whereas Telomerase observed in 75% of OSCCs, mainly found at scores 2 and 3 (60.7%), and 42.9% was within the cytoplasm. Half of OSCCs had faint intensity. No significant differences reported in the mean-rank and stain intensity among the grades. There was no significant correlation between BubR1 and Telomerase expression.
Conclusions: OSCCs had high cytoplasmic BubR1 and telomerase expression that cannot ensure proper function. Mean-rank of BubR1 expression related to OSCC grading and being more in high grade. It determines the loss of differentiation and aggressiveness of OSCC. While the mean-rank of Telomerase did not relate to histopathological grading and considered an early event in carcinogenesis, it can use for the diagnostic approach of oral carcinogenesis. These markers have an independent role in cancer progression.