bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sistematización de la experiencia profesional en intervención familiar por resquebrajamiento de vínculos relacionales de una familia con inadecuados manejos de la comunicación
Authors: Alirio Castillo-Rojas  
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo, compartir el proceso de intervención terapéutica realizada a una familia que aquejaba dificultades por mal manejo de su comunicación, debido a cambios en su estructura y dinámica familiar que ocasionaban fracturas en las relaciones interpersonales de sus miembros.El proceso se realizó con el concurso de cada uno de sus integrantes quienes, desde su vivencia particular de la situación y la participación activa en cada una de las actividades programadas y ejecutadas, aportaron para el entendimiento, reflexión y modificación de pensamientos, actitudes y acciones que conllevaron que los cuatro integrantes de la familia retomaran el momento de terminada la intervención, como una gran parte de su dinámica familiar.
Al final de la intervención terapéutica se logró obtener que el sistema familiar retomara su dinámica dialogal integral y que el sistema conyugal se fortaleciera mediante la identificación de emociones y sentimientos y en la manera idónea de expresarlos, además de no confundir su dinámica como pareja, con la de ser padres de familia. Aunado a esto, el subsistema parental se fortaleció en su conocimiento como tal y en la recuperación y reconocimiento de su autoridad de padres. Por último, el subsistema fraterno se fortaleció a través del ejercicio de la comunicación asertiva como medio de conocimiento del otro y de comprender las necesidades, fortalezas y debilidades del otro y de su responsabilidad de aportar bienestar a sus padres.
Social and cultural theories of nutrition and dietetics
Authors: Coveney John 
Published: December 2020

Recent discussions of nutritionism have centred on the ways in which the science of nutrition has led to particular understandings of food and health. These discussions have overlooked the ways in which, in earlier historical times, food, the body and health have been constructed. The genealogies of nutrition and of dietetics are quite separate, although in present day terms the two areas are often combine, or even used interchangably. Central to the development of each, however, was the belief in moderation of appetite and of pleasure. These issues are played out most clearly in Christian understandings of food and the body, which greatly influenced the development of nutrition and of dietetics. Knowledge of what foods were optimal or detrimental to the body, was duplicated into knowledge of moral behaviours where 'good' and 'bad' were regarded to be as much about the morality of eating as of the science of food. These views on eating are evident in present day discourses where guilt about eating, especially foods that are pleasurable, abounds.
Teaching the counter story. An analysis of narration in African American cookbooks using Critical Race Theory
Authors: White Jill 
Published: December 2020

As nutrition educators we must promote sensitivity to the historical roots of eating and food patterns. This analysis of narratives from a sampling of cookbooks written by African Americans, represents an attempt to give voice to an unconventional source of documentation regarding the historical experiences of a people oppressed by enslavement and institutionalized racism as told through recipe sharing. The themes that emerged from an examination of the missions and motivations of the authors included; history, work, cultural tradition, and empowerment in the struggle to survive. Critical Race Theory provided a lens to examine the counter story told by these authors. The counter story documented the unrecognized contributions of African Americans to the culture of all food practices in America, through their roles as cooks in domestic and industrial settings, as well as their own homes. We need to develop an appreciation of the celebration of life that is expressed through food in the African American community. And we must advocate for the right to good food, healthcare and education for all of the communities and people we serve.
Student and faculty perceptions of research in nutrition and dietetics: A qualitative investigation.
Authors: Palermo Claire 
Published: December 2020

Evidence is fundamental to the practice of nutrition and dietetics yet few dietitians pursue research as a career path. The aim of this study was to explore elements of undergraduate teaching and learning in nutrition and dietetics that supports research skills development and inspires students to pursue research. This researched formed part of a process intended to inform curriculum development for undergraduate dietetic education. In-depth interviews with dietitians (past undergraduate students) pursuing research degrees and academics embedding research skills within their teaching and learning in nutrition and dietetics and other health professions were conducted, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Eight students and five academics participated in the study. Qualitative analysis revealed three key themes. (i) Research in nutrition and dietetics is fundamental to practice; (ii) There are a number of internal and external cultivators and capacities for research; and (iii) strategies and approaches for research skill development should start early, continue through a curriculum and promote independence. This study identified that students and academics view research as fundamental to the practice of dietetics. Personal drivers as well as external factors enhance involvement in research. Research skills teaching should commence early and be embedded across whole curricula. The findings can be used to create teaching and learning opportunities that support research skill development and inspire dietitians to pursue research.
Why I fell in love with Critical Dietetics; A personal/political narrative
Authors: White Jill 
Published: December 2020

Critical Dietetics found me at a conference in Japan of the International Conference of Dietetics where I presented a poster on my dissertation work centering around the lack of dietitians of color in the U.S. Lucy Aphramor took my card, and when the conference was to take place in Canada, she contacted me. After I read the founding documents, and articles in the first Journal, I knew I had found home. A child of the 1960's, I came to Dietetics after thirty years of social activism fighting war, racism, and sexual oppression. The perspective of my work has been centered in Marxism and Critical Race Theory. My mission as an educator is to help my students see themselves as advocates for equal access to good nutrition, health care and education for all. Critical Dietetics has allowed me a voice, in a space that loves women, food, the human body and still believes in the future of humanity.
Biomedicalized food culture
Authors: Durocher Myriam 
Published: December 2020

This article presents my analysis of what I call the contemporary “biomedicalized food culture”. This food culture participates in defining the ways by which “healthy” food is currently understood and practiced, and in creating and orienting particular relationships between bodies and food. In this paper, I present Clarke et al.’s (2010) works on biomedicalization along with the works of researchers in critical food studies (such as Guthman (2014); Landecker (2011); Scrinis (2013)), which have inspired my analysis of the biomedicalized food culture.
Inspired by Clarke et al.’s (2010) ways of presenting the biomedicalization of the social field, I present the contemporary biomedicalized food culture from and through its constitutive processes. Drawing from my fieldwork in Montreal, Canada, I discuss how mediatization, molecularization and commercialization processes participate in the development of the biomedicalized food culture as well as in the creation of knowledge and practices constitutive of “healthy” food, bodies, and the links between them.
I approach this culture from a cultural studies’ perspective, which makes it possible to question the power relationships at stake in its development. I thus criticize how the biomedicalized food culture contributes to the (re)production of exclusions, discriminations, stigmatizations of some knowledge, practices and individuals, as well as to the (re)production of injunctions and normativities linking food, bodies and health, in particular and situated ways at the intersection of its constitutive processes. I finish up by opening up the discussion on how these relationships between food, bodies and health should be thought in their multiplicity and their complexity.
Agricultural Zakat From The Islamic Perspective
Authors: Ab Rahman Muhamad Firdaus , Abdullah Thadi Hussein 'Azeemi , Ab Rahman Azman , Ab Rahim Siti Faradiyah 
Published: December 2020

Agricultural zakat that is practiced in Malaysia is imposed on staple food of a particular region that has met the nisab (minimal value). However, there are issues of non-uniformity estimation of agricultural zakah for instance inconsistency nisab setting for metric weights, and the applied rate variability. What are the root causes of the problems? Therefore, this paper is an attempt to highlight some issues inherent in the conceptualisation of agricultural zakat from Islamic perspective by analysing the definition of zakat, crops that have to be imposed with zakat, nisab, the rates imposed based on irrigation, and the deduction of some costs prior to the imposition of zakat. A qualitative methodology was employed to analyse the data through inductive, deductive, comparative approaches. The findings identified non-uniformity estimation of agricultural zakah occurred due to the varied interpretation enriching the Islamic legal tradition by different schools of juristic thought. These findings will assist the policy makers and the management of zakat institutions to harmonise agriculture zakat framework based on the authenticity of Islamic law for the social and economic development in Malaysia.
Abstrak
Di Malaysia, zakat pertanian hanya diwajibkan ke atas makanan asasi sesuatu tempat dan telah mencukupi nisab. Namun, terdapat isu ketidakselarasan taksiran zakat pertanian misalnya ketidakselarasan penetapan nisab bagi timbangan metrik gantang, dan kepelbagaian kadar yang dikenakan. Persoalannya, apakah faktor utama kepada isu ini? Justeru, kertas kajian ini merupakan usaha untuk mengetengahkan beberapa isu yang timbul dalam pendekatan konseptual zakat pertanian dari perspektif Islam dengan menganalisa definisi zakat pertanian, tanaman yang dikenakan zakat, nisab, kadar yang dikenakan berdasarkan pengairan, dan potongan kos-kos tertentu sebelum diwajibkan zakat. Metodologi kualitatif digunakan bagi menganalisa data melalui kaedah induktif, deduktif, dan perbandingan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa ketidakselarasan taksiran zakat pertanian merupakan natijah daripada kepelbagaian cara berfikir dalam menentukan hukum menurut perspektif syarak bagi setiap mazhab. Implikasi kajian ini dapat membantu pembuat dasar dan pengurusan Institusi Zakat untuk menyelaraskan rangka kerja zakat pertanian berdasarkan keaslian undang-undang Islam bagi pembangunan dan pemantapan sosio ekonomi Malaysia.
RECITATION OF WEDDING AGREEMENTS IN ISLAM: STUDY ON SAMBAS MALAY SOCIETY OF WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Asman Asman 
Published: December 2020

After the consent is granted in the marriage of a husband and wife, the recitation of taklik talak takes place as part of a marriage agreement in Islam. This research is based on the consideration of the pros and cons of the Sambas Malay community, especially religious leaders regarding the marriage agreement called taklik talak in Islam. With a qualitative research method that is a phenomenological approach in the field, the author described how taklik talak exists as a marriage agreement in Islam and its application to the Sambas Malay community. The fact is that almost every married couple in the Malay community of Sambas does not say taklik talak by the husband to his wife after the consent is granted, only knowing it has been written or included in the marriage book without notification to the husband and wife. Although it is not obligatory to verbally express the taklik talak which is already written on the marriage certificate, once the taklik talak has been read out, it cannot be challenged again. If an agreement that has been agreed with a husband and wife is not fulfilled by one of the parties, then the other party has the right to submit the matter to the Religious Court to resolve it. The results in the study concluded that the pros and cons of implementing taklik talak as a marriage agreement in Islam were caused by a lack of knowledge of the Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 Article 29 concerning Marriage Agreement and Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) Article 46 concerning taklik talak as well as the lack of exposure from the KUA through religious counselors and BP4 to premarital couples in Sambas.
A Ciência nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental: um olhar para o ensino de Física
Authors: Pellis Ricardo Gonçalves , Carius Ana Carolina 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho discute uma proposta metodológica para o ensino de Física nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Baseados em uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema, constata-se que o ensino de ciências para os anos finais do ensino fundamental prioriza temas relacionados a área de Biologia, predominando-se, também, o docente na área de Ciências Biológicas como o responsável pela disciplina de ciências nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Desta forma, a proposta curricular que se apresenta constrói o ensino de ciências como uma interrelação entre Física, Química e Biologia, cada assunto sendo regido por um especialista em cada área. Sob o recorte do ensino de Física, descreve-se o trabalho docente desenvolvido pelo regente da disciplina, incluindo as escolhas de temas, atividades e composição do material didático para turmas de sexto e sétimo ano do ensino fundamental. Através da pesquisa-ação, coletou-se informações a respeito do desenvolvimento dos estudantes no conhecimento da Física e a relação desta com o cotidiano. Com a análise de conteúdo, foi possível inferir sobre a contribuição que as vivências e discussões proporcionadas pelos fenômenos físicos estudados durante o ano letivo promoveram na visão da Física enquanto Ciência, além do seu papel na formação dos estudantes dos anos finais do ensino fundamental.
Å utvikle yrkeskompetanse gjennom arbeidslivspraksis i helsesekretærutdanningen
Authors: Johnsen Kjersti Lisbeth , Hiim Hilde 
Published: December 2020

This article presents findings from a three-year research and development project where a high school and a hospital collaborated on the education of medical secretaries. The aim was to strengthen the medical secretary students’ development of vocational competence through close collaboration between the school and the hospital on practice periods for the students. The results are based on qualitative data from observations of the students during practice, observations of students when experiences from practice were presented at school, group interviews with students, teachers and instructors, and analyses of students’ reflection logs. The findings show that cooperation between the parties to define key functions and tasks in the work of medical secretaries, and to structure practice periods around these tasks, contributed to the students getting a great learning benefit from practice. The students expressed that they understood what the vocation was about, began to identify with it and felt the need to learn theory. However, they wanted better coherence between learning in practice and at school. The results suggest that mandatory practice periods and common structure for learning content in practice and at school should be main principles in the new curriculum for education of medical secretaries from autumn 2020.
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Responses of 137 Deceased Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Cui Ning , Yan Rongdi , Qin Chunyuan , Zhao Jingming 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 by clarifying the clinical characteristics and immune responses.MethodsThe clinical characteristics and laboratory findings, including cytokine and lymphocyte subsets, were obtained from the electronic medical records of patients in Wuhan Tongji Hospital.ResultsThis study included 836 patients with confirmed COVID-19. In total, 699 (83.6%) were cured and discharged, and 137 (16.4%) died. Our analysis revealed that age ≥ 65 years, male sex, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dyspnea, dizziness, respiratory rate &gt; 20 bpm, heart rate &gt; 100 bpm, systolic blood pressure &lt; 90 mmHg, neutrophils &gt; 6.3×109/L, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, D-dimer ≥ 0.5 mg/L, lactate dehydrogenase &gt; 250 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase &gt; 40 U/L, total bilirubin &gt; 26 μmol/L, albumin &lt; 35 g/L, blood urea nitrogen &gt; 9.5 mmol/L, estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 90 ml/min/1.73, elevated cardiac troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ≥ 900 pg/ml, C-reactive protein ≥ 25 mg/L, procalcitonin ≥ 0.05 ng/ml and ferritin &gt; 400 μg/L were associated with death in patients with COVID-19. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 90 ml/min/1.73, elevated cardiac troponin I, C-reactive protein ≥ 25 mg/L and procalcitonin ≥ 0.05 ng/ml were predictive of mortality. Regarding immune responses, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα were remarkably higher in the deceased group at admission, and the levels of IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα in the deceased group showed a rapid increase; the dynamics of these cytokines were highly consistent with disease deterioration. Lymphocyte subset analysis revealed that the deceased patients showed significant decreases in lymphocyte counts, especially helper T cells, suppressor T cells and NK cells.ConclusionsThis study identified that an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 90 ml/min/1.73, elevated cardiac troponin I, C-reactive protein ≥ 25 mg/L and procalcitonin ≥ 0.05 ng/ml were predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients. Elevated cytokine levels and a continued increasing trend, including in IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNFα, and a decrease in lymphocyte subsets, especially helper T cells, suppressor T cells and NK cells, were associated with a poor prognosis.
NOD2/RIG-I Activating Inarigivir Adjuvant Enhances the Efficacy of BCG Vaccine Against Tuberculosis in Mice
Authors: Khan Arshad , Singh Vipul K. , Mishra Abhishek , Soudani Emily , Bakhru Pearl , Singh Christopher R. , Zhang Dekai , Canaday David H. , Sheri Anjaneyulu , Padmanabhan Seetharamaiyer , Challa Sreerupa , Iyer Radhakrishnan P. , Jagannath Chinnaswamy 
Published: December 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) kills about 1.5 million people each year and the widely used Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides a partial protection against TB in children and adults. Because BCG vaccine evades lysosomal fusion in antigen presenting cells (APCs), leading to an inefficient production of peptides and antigen presentation required to activate CD4 T cells, we sought to boost its efficacy using novel agonists of RIG-I and NOD2 as adjuvants. We recently reported that the dinucleotide SB 9200 (Inarigivir) derived from our small molecule nucleic acid hybrid (SMNH)® platform, activated RIG-I and NOD2 receptors and exhibited a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against hepatitis B and C, Norovirus, RSV, influenza and parainfluenza. Inarigivir increased the ability of BCG-infected mouse APCs to secrete elevated levels of IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-β, and Caspase-1 dependent IL-1β cytokine. Inarigivir also increased the ability of macrophages to kill MTB in a Caspase-1-, and autophagy-dependent manner. Furthermore, Inarigivir led to a Capsase-1 and NOD2- dependent increase in the ability of BCG-infected APCs to present an Ag85B-p25 epitope to CD4 T cells in vitro. Consistent with an increase in immunogenicity of adjuvant treated APCs, the Inarigivir-BCG vaccine combination induced robust protection against tuberculosis in a mouse model of MTB infection, decreasing the lung burden of MTB by 1-log10 more than that afforded by BCG vaccine alone. The Inarigivir-BCG combination was also more efficacious than a muramyl-dipeptide-BCG vaccine combination against tuberculosis in mice, generating better memory T cell responses supporting its novel adjuvant potential for the BCG vaccine.
Management of Cervical Cancer in Pregnant Women: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Li Mingzhu , Zhao Yun , Qie Mingrong , Zhang Youzhong , Li Longyu , Lin Bei , Guo Ruixia , You Zhixue , An Ruifang , Liu Jun , Zhang Zhijun , Bi Hui , Hong Ying , Chang Shufang , He Guoli , Hua Keqin , Zhou Qi , Liao Qinping , Wang Yue , Wang Jianliu , Li Xiaoping , Wei Lihui 
Published: December 2020

Background: This retrospective multi-center study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and management of patients with cervical cancer in pregnancy (CCIP) and evaluate maternal and infant outcomes.Methods: The data of patients with CCIP were retrospectively collected from those diagnosed and treated in 17 hospitals in 12 provinces in China between January 2009 and November 2017. The information retrieved included patients' age, clinical features of the tumor, medical management (during pregnancy or postpartum), obstetrical indicators (i.e., gestational age at diagnosis, delivery mode, and birth weight), and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests that estimated the overall survival of patients.Results: One-hundred and five women diagnosed with CCIP (median age = 35 years) were identified from ~45,600 cervical cancer patients (0.23%) and 525,000 pregnant women (0.020%). The median gestational age at cancer diagnosis was 20.0 weeks. The clinical-stage of 93.3% of the patients with CCIP was IB1, 81.9% visited the clinic because of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, and 72.4% had not been screened for cervical cancer in more than 5 years. To analyze cancer treatments during pregnancy, patients were grouped into two groups, termination of pregnancy (TOP, n = 67) and continuation of pregnancy (COP, n = 38). Analyses suggested that the TOP group was more likely to be diagnosed at an earlier gestational stage than the COP group (14.8 vs. 30.8 weeks, p &lt; 0.001). The unadjusted hazard ratio for the COP group's overall survival was 1.063 times that of the TOP group (95% confidence interval = 0.24, 4.71). There were no significant differences between the TOP and COP groups in maternal survival (p = 0.964). Thirty-three of the infants of patients with CCIP were healthy at the end of the follow-up period, with a median age of 18 ± 2.8 months.Conclusions: Most patients with CCIP had not been screened for cervical cancer in over 5 years. The oncologic outcomes of the TOP and COP groups were similar. A platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen could be a favorable choice for the management of CCIP during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.