bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precipitation and phase transformation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in electrolyte solutions of simulated body fluids: Thermodynamic modeling and kinetic studies
Authors: Rabadjieva Diana , Sezanova Kostadinka , Gergulova Rumyana , Titorenkova Rositsa , Tepavitcharova Stefka 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe metastable and stable equilibria of a precipitation in the biomimetic system Simulated Body Fluid (SBF)–CaCl2–K2HPO4–KOH–H2O were modeled in the pH region 3–7 at a Ca/P molar ratio of 1 using a thermodynamic approach. Saturation indices (SI) of the solid phases were calculated and used to prognose the salt precipitation/dissolution processes. At рН < 4, the solutions are undersaturated (SI < 0) in respect of all solid phases; co‐precipitation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) and hydroxyapatite (HA) occurs at рН 4 while at рН > 4 the stable phase is DCPD but the number of other co‐precipitated solid phases increases. This result is associated with the increase in HPO42−, CaHPO40, and KНРО4− species in the studied solution. The phase transformations of five model DCPD‐based calcium phosphate precursors in three simulated body fluids differing in their composition, to more stable octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite was thermodynamically prognosed and experimentally confirmed by kinetic studies, as well as by chemical, XRD, SEM, and IR methods.
GTP‐binding inhibitors increase LRRK2‐linked ubiquitination and Lewy body‐like inclusions
Authors: Thomas Joseph M. , Wang Xiaobo , Guo Gongbo , Li Tianxia , Dai Bingling , Nucifora Leslie G. , Nucifora Frederick C. , Liu Zhaohui , Xue Fengtian , Liu Chunfeng , Ross Christopher A. , Smith Wanli W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common movement disorders with loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies in certain brain areas. However, it is not clear how Lewy body (inclusion with protein aggregation) formation occurs. Mutations in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) can cause a genetic form of PD and contribute to sporadic PD with the typical Lewy body pathology. Here, we used our recently identified LRRK2 GTP‐binding inhibitors as pharmacological probes to study the LRRK2‐linked ubiquitination and protein aggregation. Pharmacological inhibition of GTP‐binding by GTP‐binding inhibitors (68 and Fx2149) increased LRRK2‐linked ubiquitination predominantly via K27 linkage. Compound 68‐ or Fx2149 increased G2019S‐LRRK2‐linked ubiquitinated aggregates, which occurred through the atypical linkage types K27 and K63. Coexpression of K27R and K63R, which prevented ubiquitination via K27 and K63 linkages, reversed the effects of 68 and Fx2149. Moreover, 68 and Fx2149 also promoted G2019S‐LRRK2‐linked aggresome (Lewy body‐like inclusion) formation via K27 and K63 linkages. These findings demonstrate that LRRK2 GTP‐binding activity is critical in LRRK2‐linked ubiquitination and aggregation formation. These studies provide novel insight into the LRRK2‐linked Lewy body‐like inclusion formation underlying PD pathogenesis.
Does overwintering change the inoculum effect on methane emissions from stored liquid manure?
Authors: Le Riche Etienne L. , VanderZaag Andrew C. , Wood Jeffrey D. , Wagner‐Riddle Claudia , Dunfield Kari , McCabe John , Gordon Robert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially methane (CH4), from manure storage facilities can be substantial. Methane production requires adapted microbial communities (“inoculum”) to be present in the manure. Complete removal of liquid dairy manure (thus removing all inoculum) from storage tanks in the spring has been shown to significantly reduce CH4 emissions over the following warm season. This study examined whether the same mitigation effect would occur after fall removal of liquid dairy manure. Emissions of CH4, nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), and CO2 were measured from six 11.88‐m3 tanks equipped with flow‐through chambers. There were three inoculated controls (20% inoculum) and three uninoculated treatments, where inoculum was completely removed in the fall/winter (0% inoculum). Direct N2O and NH3 (indirect N2O) were minor contributors to the total GHG budget, contributing <2% on a CO2 equivalent (CO2e) basis. Removal of inoculum led to a 34% decrease in total emissions on a CO2e basis and to a 29% decrease in the CH4 conversion factor compared with the inoculated control (0.37 vs. 0.52; p = .01). Overall, removing inoculum in the fall reduced CH4 emissions from manure storage tanks; however, fall inoculum removal was less effective than in a previous study where inoculum was removed in the spring. The timing of inoculum removal may affect the efficiency of this CH4 mitigation strategy. However, this method may be impractical for larger manure storage tanks. Further study is required to overcome challenges of time‐sensitive, complete inoculum removal from farm‐scale storage tanks.
Clinical outcome of a highly flexible duodenal stent for gastric outlet obstruction: A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Miwa Haruo , Sugimori Kazuya , Kaneko Takashi , Ishii Tomohiro , Iwase Shigeru , Irie Kuniyasu , Sanga Katsuyuki , Tozuka Yuichiro , Hirotani Akane , Komiyama Satoshi , Sato Takeshi , Tezuka Shun , Goda Yoshihiro , Numata Kazushi , Maeda Shin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic duodenal stenting for patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) has been widespread; however, clinical trials evaluating the structures of duodenal stents are lacking. Thus, we aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of a highly flexible duodenal stent for GOO patients.MethodsA prospective study of duodenal stenting for GOO patients from five hospitals between August 2017 and August 2018 was performed. WallFlex Duodenal Soft were used in all procedures. The primary endpoint was clinical success, defined as an improvement in the GOO scoring system.ResultsThe study enrolled 31 patients (12 women, 19 men) with GOO, with a median age of 70 (range 52–90) years. Primary diseases were pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, biliary tract cancer, and others in 14, 10, 3, and 4 patients, respectively. The technical success rate was 97%, and the clinical success rate was 87%. Simultaneous biliary drainage was performed in 19% of patients. Adverse events occurred in three patients. Chemotherapy was given in 41% of clinically successful cases, and the median overall survival time after stent placement was 82 days (range, 30–341 days), and. Stent dysfunction occurred in 30% of clinically successful cases (stent ingrowth in seven and stent overgrowth in one patient). The median time to stent dysfunction was 157 days (range, 11–183 days). Six patients were treated with additional stent placement after dysfunction.ConclusionPlacement of a highly flexible duodenal stent is an effective and safe treatment for patients with GOO (UMIN‐CTR 000028783).
A simple and facile synthesis of novel 1,2,3‐triazole substituted pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Bakkolla Mahesh Goud , Taduri Ashok Kumar , Bhoomireddy Rama Devi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of novel indole and pyrimidine scaffolds bearing 1,2,3‐triazoles have been designed and synthesized using click chemistry reaction conditions. Target compounds 9a‐j were synthesized in the multi‐step process. In the first step 5‐substituted‐1‐methyl‐1H‐indole‐3‐carbaldehyde 2a‐b reacted with ethyl cyanoacetate 3 and guanidine hydrochloride 4 in presence of L‐Proline in ethanol undergoes cyclisation to form 5a‐b. Further, 5a‐b condensed with various benzaldehydes to form Schiff's base 6a‐f, which further proporgylated with propargyl bromide to form 7a‐f. Finally, 7a‐f was subjected to click‐chemistry with various azides in the presence of CuSO4.5H2O + sodium ascorbate mixture in Dimethylformamide at room temperature to obtain 2 + 3 cycloaddition products 9a‐j in high yield. All these synthetic methods are mostly green and inexpensive with excellent yields.
ICAM-1: A master regulator of cellular responses in inflammation, injury resolution, and tumorigenesis
Authors: Bui Triet M , Wiesolek Hannah L , Sumagin Ronen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
ICAM-1 is a cell surface glycoprotein and an adhesion receptor that is best known for regulating leukocyte recruitment from circulation to sites of inflammation. However, in addition to vascular endothelial cells, ICAM-1 expression is also robustly induced on epithelial and immune cells in response to inflammatory stimulation. Importantly, ICAM-1 serves as a biosensor to transduce outside-in-signaling via association of its cytoplasmic domain with the actin cytoskeleton following ligand engagement of the extracellular domain. Thus, ICAM-1 has emerged as a master regulator of many essential cellular functions both at the onset and at the resolution of pathologic conditions. Because the role of ICAM-1 in driving inflammatory responses is well recognized, this review will mainly focus on newly emerging roles of ICAM-1 in epithelial injury-resolution responses, as well as immune cell effector function in inflammation and tumorigenesis. ICAM-1 has been of clinical and therapeutic interest for some time now; however, several attempts at inhibiting its function to improve injury resolution have failed. Perhaps, better understanding of its beneficial roles in resolution of inflammation or its emerging function in tumorigenesis will spark new interest in revisiting the clinical value of ICAM-1 as a potential therapeutic target.
Platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is associated with prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease‐19
Authors: Qu Rong , Ling Yun , Zhang Yi‐hui‐zhi , Wei Li‐ya , Chen Xiao , Li Xu‐mian , Liu Xuan‐yong , Liu Han‐mian , Guo Zhi , Ren Hua , Wang Qiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince December 2019, novel coronavirus infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. In severe novel coronavirus pneumonia cases, the number of platelets, their dynamic changes during the treatment, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were a concern. We sought to describe the platelet feature of these cases. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID)‐19 in Huizhou municipal central hospital from January 2020 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, blood routine results, other laboratory results, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of severe patients and nonsevere patients were compared. Univariate analysis showed that: age, platelet peaks, and PLR at peak platelet were the influencing factors in severe patients, multivariate analysis showed that the PLR value at peak platelet during treatment was an independent influencing factor in severe patients. The average hospitalization day of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was longer than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The average age of patients with platelet peaks during treatment was older than those without platelet peaks (P < .05). The patients with significantly elevated platelets during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. And the higher PLR of patients during treatment had longer average hospitalization days. Single‐center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID‐19 in Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, presumed that the number of platelets and their dynamic changes during the treatment may have a suggestion on the severity and prognosis of the disease. The patient with markedly elevated platelets and longer average hospitalization days may be related to the cytokine storm. The PLR of patients means the degree of cytokine storm, which might provide a new indicator in the monitoring in patients with COVID‐19.
Opposite spatial variability of climate change‐induced surface temperature trends due to soil and atmospheric moisture in tropical/subtropical dry and wet land regions
Authors: Khanna Jaya , Cook Kerry H. , Vizy Edward K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRegional responses to surface warming are strongly influenced by the availability of surface or atmospheric moisture. For example, differences in evapotranspiration, atmospheric temperature lapse rate and heat capacity due to the availability of water over oceans and its lack over land contribute to an observed land/ocean warming ratio that is greater than one. This study shows that mechanisms related to the distributions of soil or atmospheric moisture could result in variations in regional climate change over land in the tropics and subtropics. Using atmospheric reanalyses and observations for the satellite era (1979–2016) within ±30° latitude, the analysis shows that dry regions such as northern and southern Africa and south‐central Australia have a significant negative regional spatial correlation between time‐averaged soil moisture/evapotranspiration and surface temperature trends. In contrast, wet tropical regions such as Amazonia and the Congo Basin display a significant positive spatial correlation between these quantities. Spatial correlations suggest that a regional amplification of surface temperature trends in wet regions could be associated with a robust positive longwave radiative effect of high clouds which co‐occur with wet soils. This positive relationship is strongest during austral summer, dominated by the summer seasons in the Amazon and Congo basins. These differences in regional sensitivity to greenhouse gas warming can be consequential for regional climate change assessment, for both tropical forests, which could already be operating at their high temperature limit, and also for dry desert regions, which are already marginal for supporting life.
Fascia and soft tissues innervation in the human hip and their possible role in post‐surgical pain
Authors: Fede Caterina , Porzionato Andrea , Petrelli Lucia , Fan Chenglei , Pirri Carmelo , Biz Carlo , De Caro Raffaele , Stecco Carla 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPersistent symptoms, most commonly pain, may remain after otherwise successful hip replacement surgery. Innervation of fascia and soft tissues has become increasingly important in etiopathogenesis of pain, but the relative importance of the various anatomical structures in the hip region is still not known. Innervation of skin, superficial adipose tissue, superficial fascia, deep adipose tissue, deep fascia, muscles, capsule, capsule ligament, ligamentum teres, and tendon in the human hip from 11 patients and 2 cadavers were quantified by staining with anti‐S100 antibody for myelin‐forming Schwann cells, to obtain the percentage of antibody positivity, density and mean diameter of the nerve fibers. The skin was the most highly innervated (0.73% ± 0.37% of positive area in patients; 0.80% ± 0.28% in cadavers); the tendon was the least innervated (0.07% ± 0.01% in patients, 0.07% ± 0.007% in cadavers). The muscles (vasto‐lateral and gluteus medius) were the second most innervated structure according the percentage (0.31% ± 0.13% in living humans, 0.30% ± 0.07% in cadavers), but with only a few nerves, with large diameters (mean diameter 36.4 ± 13.4 µm). Instead, the superficial fasciae showed 0.22% ± 0.06% and 0.26% ± 0.05% of positive areas in living humans and cadavers, respectively. Fasciae were invaded by networks of small nerve fibers, revealing a possible role in pain. The superficial fascia was the second most highly innervated tissue after the skin, with a density of 33.0 ± 2.5/cm2, and a mean nerve sizes of 19.1 ± 7.2  µm. Lastly, the capsule turned out to be poorly innervated (0.09%), showing that its removal does not necessarily lead to painful consequences. Statement of clinical significance: Deeper knowledge about the innervation of the soft tissue in the human hip joint will enhance study and understanding of the best surgical procedures to follow during hip arthroplasty to reduce post‐operative pain.
Cannabinoids Improve Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Parenteral Nutrition–Dependent Patient With Chronic Intestinal Pseudo‐Obstruction
Authors: Zemrani Boutaina , Lambe Cécile , Goulet Olivier 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) is a rare and challenging cause of pediatric intestinal failure, requiring long‐term parenteral nutrition in most cases. Despite optimal management, some patients experience chronic abdominal pain and recurrent obstructive episodes with a major impact on their quality of life. Cannabinoids have been successfully used in some conditions. However, their use in CIPO has never been reported in the literature. We report a case of successful use of medicinal cannabinoids in a patient with CIPO, resulting in a significant reduction of abdominal pain, vomiting, and subocclusive episodes and increased appetite and weight, without major adverse events. Although further observations are required to consolidate these findings, this case may be helpful for other patients suffering from the same condition.
Reversal of Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease by Increasing Fish Oil in a Multi‐Oil Intravenous Lipid Emulsion in Adult Short Bowel–Syndrome Patients
Authors: Park Hyo Jung , Lee Sanghoon , Park Chi‐Min , Yoo Keesang , Seo Jeong‐Meen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD) is a serious complication of parenteral nutrition (PN). We report 2 cases of IFALD, which occurred in adult patients while on a regimen of multi‐oil intravenous lipid emulsion containing fish oil.MethodsPatients initially received PN containing 1‐g/kg/d SMOFlipid 20% (SMOFlipid). When IFALD developed, lipid composition in PN was altered to include higher proportions of fish oil.ResultsCase 1 was a 23‐year‐old man with short‐bowel syndrome. He had been fully dependent on PN for approximately 11 months with a direct bilirubin level of 15.1 mg/dL. Doses of 0.15‐g/kg/d pure fish oil and 0.3–0.6‐g/kg/d SMOFlipid were administered for 56 days, and IFALD was resolved 59 days after adding fish oil. Case 2 was an 85‐year‐old man who received extensive small‐bowel resection because of internal herniation and small‐bowel necrosis. He had elevated direct bilirubin levels and was diagnosed with IFALD. Fish‐oil treatment was initiated after 50 days of receiving PN. The average daily amount of fish oil given was 0.14 g/kg/d. IFALD was resolved 44 days after adding Omegaven (Fresenius Kabi Austria Gmbh, Austria).ConclusionTwo patients with advanced IFALD showed reversal of cholestasis by altering the lipid content of their PN to include more fish oil.
Effects of enamel matrix derivative on clinical and inflammatory outcomes in periodontal maintenance patients: Randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jasa Erica E. , Gradoville Jessica M. , Christiansen Mary M. , Samson Kaeli K. , Reinhardt Richard A. , Payne Jeffrey B. , Killeen Amy C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundEfficient methods to treat persistent pockets during periodontal maintenance therapy (PMT) require further investigation. The hypothesis of this randomized controlled clinical trial was that local application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) added to papilla reflection/root preparation (PR/RP) could enhance clinical and inflammatory outcomes, primarily clinical attachment level (CAL).MethodsFifty PMT patients with generalized stage III‐IV, grade B periodontitis presenting with a 6‐ to 9‐mm interproximal PD were randomly allocated to (PR/RP+EMD; n = 24) and control (PR/RP+saline; n = 26) therapies by sex and smoking status. Roots were treated with reflection of interproximal papillae, root planing assisted with endoscope evaluation, and acid etching, followed by EMD or saline application. Probing depth (PD), CAL, plaque index (PI), and interproximal bone height were evaluated at baseline and 12‐months post‐therapy. Gingival crevicular fluid, bleeding on probing (BOP), and interleukin‐1β were tested (ELISA) at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 and 12 months. Groups were compared over time and between groups with Wilcoxon Rank Sum and t‐tests.ResultsBoth PR/RP+ EMD and PR/RP+S resulted in significant improvements in clinical outcomes (PD and CAL, BOP) from baseline to 12 months. No significant differences were found in clinical or inflammatory outcomes between the experimental and control groups.ConclusionsThe addition of EMD to PR/RP does not significantly improve clinical or inflammatory outcomes compared with PR/RP alone during periodontal maintenance therapy.
Let's travel: Voices from the millennial female Muslim travellers
Authors: Oktadiana Hera , Pearce Philip L. , Li Jing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to examine the content of the travel blogs of millennial female Muslim travellers and understand the meanings and directives in such writing. The theoretical framework of critical media discourse analysis was used to frame the study, while Leximancer and content analysis were used to analyse data. Key results extended beyond specifying the need for halal food and included supporting female travel, and specifying quite specific Muslim‐friendly requirements. Further, the desire to reduce negative stereotypes of Islam was identified and advocacy that Muslim women seize travel opportunities was highlighted.
Histopathology of maxillary sinus mucosa with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis
Authors: Sato Kiminori , Chitose Shun‐ichi , Sato Kiminobu , Sato Fumihiko , Ono Takeharu , Umeno Hirohito 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveHistopathology of the maxillary sinus mucosa with intractable odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) was investigated and the role endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) plays in its pathophysiology was clarified.Study DesignHistopathological analysis of the OMS mucosa.MethodsSurgical specimens were obtained from 20 patients who underwent ESS for intractable OMS. For rigid endoscopic observation of the mucosae, a 70° rigid endoscope 4 mm in diameter with an attached high definition surgical camera was used. Histopathological analyses of the maxillary sinus mucosa were conducted by light and scanning electron microscopy.ResultsAll the maxillary sinuses were filled, not with viscous, but with purulent secretions. The high‐definition camera showed that the maxillary sinus mucosa had gyrus‐like appearance. Light microscopic histopathological studies revealed that the surface of the maxillary sinus mucosa was convoluted. Light and scanning electron microscopic histopathological studies revealed that the ciliated cells of the epithelium had not decreased and their goblet cells were not hypertrophic, indicating that the damage of the ciliated columnar epithelium was not severe and they were not injured irreversibly.ConclusionThe ciliated columnar epithelium with intractable OMS was not severely damaged and not irreversibly injured. Hence, the pathophysiology of intractable OMS is one of the reasons why ESS is highly indicated for maxillary sinusitis requiring surgery and the treatment results are exceptionally good when the ventilation and drainage of the maxillary sinus is successfully restored after surgery.Level of EvidenceNA