bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membranous nephropathy associated with viral infection
Authors: Nikolopoulou Aikaterini , Teixeira Catarina , Cook H Terry , Roufosse Candice , Cairns Thomas H D , Levy Jeremy B , Pusey Charles D , Griffith Megan E 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundMembranous nephropathy (MN) can be associated with hepatitis infection and less commonly with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The significance of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and anti-thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) antibodies in this setting is unclear.MethodsWe describe the clinical, histopathological and outcome data of 19 patients with MN and hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or HIV infection identified through our renal biopsy database and the association with anti-PLA2R antibodies and anti-THSD7A antibodies.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 19 patients, 8 male and 11 female, with a median age of 42 years (range 23–74). HBV infection was found in six cases, HCV in four and HIV in nine (two HIV patients had HBV co-infection and one HCV co-infection). PLA2R staining on biopsy was positive in 10/19 patients: 4 with HBV-MN, 3 with HCV-MN and 3 with HIV-MN and circulating anti-PLA2R antibodies were detected in 7/10 cases. THSD7A staining on biopsy was positive in three PLA2R-negative cases, one with HBV-MN and two with HIV-MN. Mean proteinuria was higher in the PLA2R-positive group and the median urinary protein:creatinine ratio (uPCR) was 963 mg/mmol (range 22–2406) compared with the PLA2R-negative group [median uPCR 548 mg/mmol (range 65–1898); P = 0.18 Mann–Whitney]. Spontaneous remission occurred in 6/19 patients and after-treatment remission occurred in 7/11 patients. Renal function was preserved in all but two patients who required haemodialysis 2 and 11 years from diagnosis.ConclusionsWe describe a cohort of patients with MN associated with viral infection, including rare cases of HIV-MN with PLA2R and THSD7A positivity. The mechanism of coincidental or viral-related MN needs to be investigated further.
Low adherence to statin treatment during the 1st year after an acute myocardial infarction is associated with increased 2nd-year mortality risk—an inverse probability of treatment weighted study on 54 872 patients
Authors: Khalaf Kani , Johnell Kristina , Austin Peter C , Tyden Patrik , Midlöv Patrik , Perez-Vicente Raquel , Merlo Juan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Aims
Experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a life-threatening event and use of statins can reduce the probability of recurrence and improve long-term survival. However, the effectiveness of statins in the real-world setting may be lower than the reported efficacy in randomized clinical trials. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether low statin treatment adherence during the year following an AMI episode is associated with increased 2nd-year mortality.

Methods and results
We analysed all 54 872 AMI patients aged ≥45 years, admitted to Swedish hospitals between 2010 and 2012, and who survive at least 1 year after the AMI episode. We defined low adherence as a medication possession ratio &lt;50% or non-use of statins. Applying inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), we investigated the association between low adherence and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and non-CVD mortality during the 2nd year. Overall, 20% of the patients had low adherence during the 1st year and 8% died during the 2nd year. In the IPTW analysis, low adherence was associated with an increased risk of all-cause [absolute risk difference (ARD) = 0.048, number needed to harm (NNH) = 21, relative risk (RR) = 1.71], CVD (ARD = 0.035, NNH = 29, RR = 1.62), and non-CVD mortality (ARD = 0.013, NNH = 77, RR = 2.17).

Conclusion
In the real-world setting, low statin adherence during the 1st year after an AMI episode is associated with increased mortality during the 2nd year. Our results reaffirm the importance of achieving a high adherence to statin treatment after suffering from an AMI.
Spectrum variability of the active solar-type star ξ Bootis A
Authors: Takeda Yoichi , Honda Satoshi , Taguchi Hikaru , Hashimoto Osamu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn extensive spectroscopic study on ξ Boo A (a chromospherically active solar-type star) was conducted based on the spectra obtained from 2008 December through to 2010 May, with the aim of detecting any spectrum variability and understanding its physical origin. For each spectrum, the atmospheric parameters were spectroscopically determined based on Fe lines, and the equivalent widths (along with the line-broadening parameters) of 99 selected lines were measured. We could detect meaningful small fluctuations in the equivalent widths of medium-strength lines. This variation was found to correlate with the effective temperature ($T_{\rm eff}$) consistently with the T-sensitivity of each line, which indicates that the difference in the mean temperature averaged over the disk of inhomogeneous condition is mainly responsible for this variability. It was also found that the macrobroadening widths of medium-strength lines and the equivalent widths’ dispersion of saturated lines tend to increase with the effective Landé factor, suggesting the influence of a magnetic field. Our power spectrum analysis applied to the time-sequence data of the V i$/$Fe ii line-strength ratio and $T_{\rm eff}$ could not confirm the 6.4 d period reported by previous studies. We suspect that surface inhomogeneities of ξ Boo A at the time of our observations were not so much simple (such as a single star patch) as rather complex (e.g., intricate aggregate of spots and faculae).
Polarization imaging of M 87 jets by general relativistic radiative transfer calculation based on GRMHD simulations
Authors: Tsunetoe Yuh , Mineshige Shin , Ohsuga Ken , Kawashima Tomohisa , Akiyama Kazunori 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The spectacular images of the M 87 black hole taken by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) have opened a new era of black hole research. One of the next issues is to take polarization images around the central black hole (BH). Since radio emission is produced by synchrotron process, polarization properties should vividly reflect the magnetic field structures at the jet base and thus provide good information regarding the magnetic mechanism of jet formation. With this kept in mind we perform general relativistic (GR) radiative transfer calculations of polarized light based on the GR magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation data of accretion flow and outflow in M 87, to obtain their linear and circular polarization images in the BH horizon-scale. We found that the linear polarization components originating from the jet base and inner accretion flow should experience Faraday rotation and depolarization when passing through magnetized plasmas around the BH, thus sensitively depending on the BH spin. Through the comparison with total intensity image at $1.3\:$mm by EHT and the polarization degree and the rotation measure (RM) measured at $1.3\:$mm with the Submillimeter Array, the model with the spin parameter of $a=0.9\, M_{\,\mathrm{BH}}$ (with $M_{\,\mathrm{BH}}$ being the BH mass) is favored over other models with $a = 0.5\, M_{\,\mathrm{BH}}$ or $0.99\, M_{\,\mathrm{BH}}$, though we need further systematic studies for confirmation. We also find in low-temperature models a clear ring-like image in the circular polarization map, which arises because of Faraday conversion of the linearly polarized synchrotron emission and is thus indicative of magnetic field direction. This occurs only when the emission region is threaded with well-ordered magnetic fields and hence no clear images are expected in high-temperature disk models, in which disk emission is appreciable. We will be able to elucidate the field configuration through the comparison between the simulated polarization images and future polarimetry with EHT and other VLBI observations.
Impact of Person-Centered Interventions on Patient Outcomes in Acute Care Settings
Authors: Klancnik Gruden Maja , Turk Eva , McCormack Brendan , Stiglic Gregor 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Preventing adverse events is one of the most important issues in health care.

Purpose:
The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the impact of person-centered interventions on patient outcomes in an acute care setting.

Methods:
The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Eligible interventions included person-centered interventions that address at least one of these outcomes: pressure ulcer, accidental falls, medication errors, and/or cross infection.

Results:
The review showed that there is a paucity of evidence supporting the use of person-centered interventions in reducing patient falls. For the other outcomes, existing research provides an insufficient evidence base on which to draw conclusions.

Conclusions:
Theory of person-centeredness is still in its ascendency. Poor evidence may also be the result of quantitative research designs that are insufficient in studying the impact of a person-centered approach. We postulate that use of mixed-methods designs is beneficial and would give a clearer picture of the impact of person-centered interventions.
Extraperitoneal packing in unstable blunt pelvic trauma: A single-center study
Authors: Frassini Simone , Gupta Shailvi , Granieri Stefano , Cimbanassi Stefania , Sammartano Fabrizio , Scalea Thomas M. , Chiara Osvaldo 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND
Hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures often require a multi-modal approach including both operative and endovascular management. While an important adjunct in hemorrhage control, time to angioembolization even at the most advanced trauma centers may take hours. Extraperitoneal packing (EPP) is a fast and effective procedure that can immediately address pelvic hemorrhage from the retroperitoneal space in severe pelvic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of early EPP, looking at 24 hours and overall mortality, and the hemodynamic impact of EPP in unstable blunt pelvic trauma.

METHODS
All trauma patients admitted to an urban Level I trauma center were evaluated from 2002 to 2018 in a retrospective single-center comparative study. Inclusion criteria were patients 14 years or older who sustained blunt trauma with pelvic fractures and hemodynamic instability. Exclusion criteria were a concomitant head injury (Abbreviated Injury Scale >3) and patients who underwent resuscitative thoracotomy. The patient population was divided into two groups: an EPP group and a no-EPP group. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics in the two groups: a one-to-one matched analysis using nearest-neighbor matching was performed based on the estimated propensity score of each patient.

RESULTS
Two hundred forty-four patients presented hemodynamically unstable, with a pelvic fracture (180 no-EPP, 64 EPP). With propensity score matching, 37 patients in each group were analyzed. Survival within the first 24 hours was significantly improved in the EPP group (81.1% vs. 59.5%, p = 0.042) and we registered similar results in overall survival rate (78.4% EPP group vs. 56.8% no-EPP group, p = 0.047). Those patients who underwent early EPP (n = 64) were associated with a significant improvement in hemodynamic stability, with a pre-EPP mean arterial pressure of 49.9 mm Hg and post-EPP mean arterial pressure of 70.1 mm Hg (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
Extraperitoneal pelvic packing is an effective procedure that can be performed immediately, even within the trauma bay, to improve hemodynamic stability and overall survival in patients who sustain severe blunt pelvic trauma. The early use of EPP can be lifesaving.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, Level III.
Examining the antecedents and consequences of brand experience dimensions: implications for branding strategy
Authors: Bapat Dhananjay 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of advertising, brand-related-stimuli, on the dimensions of sensory, emotional and intellectual brand experience.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is divided into two parts. In the first part, the objective is to examine antecedents to brand experience dimensions for umbrella brand and product brand using an experimental study; in the second part, the relationship among brand experience dimensions, brand experience evaluation and brand loyalty was examined using structural equation modeling by incorporating the measures after exposure to advertisement for both types of brands.

Findings
Based on a 2 × 2 factorial design, the results confirm that the main effect of advertisement exists on sensory, emotional and intellectual brand experience. For product brand, brand experience evaluation was mediator between both intellectual brand experience and emotional brand experience with brand loyalty. The effect of interaction between branding strategy and advertisement was not significant. For an umbrella brand, brand experience evaluation acted as a mediator between emotional brand experience dimension and brand loyalty. For product brand, brand experience evaluation acted as a mediator between both intellectual brand experience and emotional brand experience dimension with brand loyalty.

Research limitations/implications
The research has implications with regard to the antecedents and consequences of brand experience and offers implications for branding strategy.

Originality/value
The present study is integrated and comprehensive, as it covers various facets of brand experience.
Diagnostic roles of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA in cancer
Authors: Fu Chang‐Jin , Cong Jing , Sun Shan‐Shan , Ren Meng‐Meng , Xie Shu‐Yang , Wang Ping‐Yu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is considered a diagnostic biomarker for cancer; however, results of previous studies on HOTAIR are inconsistent. In this meta‐analysis, we aimed to investigate the role of HOTAIR in cancer diagnosis. Medline, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant literature up to May 2019. Over all, we included 20 studies from 17 articles on the role of HOTAIR in cancer diagnosis (individual diagnosis) and 7 studies from 6 articles on the role of HOTAIR along with other biomarkers in cancer diagnosis (combinative diagnosis). The sensitivity and specificity of HOTAIR‐mediated individual diagnosis of cancers were 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.85) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.66–0.81), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of HOTAIR‐mediated combinative diagnosis of cancer were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.77–0.87) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.80–0.91), respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for individual and combinative diagnoses was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.81–0.87) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.93), respectively, indicating that a combinative diagnosis has a relatively better diagnostic accuracy (z = –2.22, P = 0.01) than individual diagnosis. In conclusion, HOTAIR levels might be a promising biomarker in cancer diagnosis. In addition, using HOTAIR in combination with other biomarkers showed a relatively better diagnostic accuracy than HOTAIR alone.
Born‐digital biodiversity data: Millions and billions
Authors: Kays Roland , McShea William J. , Wikelski Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGiven the dramatic pace of change of our planet, we need rapid collection of environmental data to document how species are coping and to evaluate the impact of our conservation interventions. To address this need, new classes of “born digital” biodiversity records are now being collected and curated many orders of magnitude faster than traditional data. In addition to the millions of citizen science observations of species that have been accumulating over the last decade, the last few years have seen a surge of sensor data, with eMammal's camera trap archive passing 1 million photo‐vouchered specimens and Movebank's animal tracking database recently passing 1.5 billion animal locations. Data from digital sensors have other advantages over visual citizen science observation in that the level of survey effort is intrinsically documented and they can preserve digital vouchers that can be used to verify species identity. These novel digital specimens are leading spatial ecology into the era of Big Data and will require a big tent of collaborating organizations to make these databases sustainable and durable. We urge institutions to recognize the future of born‐digital records and invest in proper curation and standards so we can make the most of these records to inform management, inspire conservation action and tell natural history stories about life on the planet.
Association between uric acid levels and cardio‐renal outcomes and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: A subanalysis of EMPA‐REG OUTCOME
Authors: Verma Subodh , Ji Qiuhe , Bhatt Deepak L. , Mazer C. David , Al‐Omran Mohammed , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Wanner Christoph , Ofstad Anne Pernille , Zwiener Isabella , George Jyothis T. , Zinman Bernard , Fitchett David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME trial, we explored the association between pre‐randomization uric acid level tertile (<309.30 μmol/L; 309.30 to <387.21 μmol/L; ≥387.21 μmol/L) and cardiovascular (CV) death, hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), HHF or CV death, all‐cause mortality, three‐point major adverse CV events (MACE), and incident or worsening nephropathy. Patients with type 2 diabetes and CV disease received empagliflozin or placebo. The median baseline plasma uric acid level was 344.98 μmol/L, and patients’ baseline characteristics were mainly balanced across tertiles. Baseline uric acid levels were associated with cardio‐renal outcomes: in the placebo group, for the highest versus lowest tertile, the multivariable hazard ratios for three‐point MACE, HHF or CV death, and incident or worsening nephropathy were 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89–1.67; P = 0.2088), 1.51 (95% CI 1.02–2.23; P = 0.0396) and 1.77 (95% CI 1.33–2.34; P < 0.0001), respectively. When tested as a continuous variable, baseline uric acid was associated with all outcomes in the placebo group. Empagliflozin improved all cardio‐renal outcomes across tertiles, with all interaction P values >0.05. Further investigation of these relationships is required.
Therapeutic potential of PPARγ natural agonists in liver diseases
Authors: Wu Liwei , Guo Chuanyong , Wu Jianye 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPeroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a vital subtype of the PPAR family. The biological functions are complex and diverse. PPARγ plays a significant role in protecting the liver from inflammation, oxidation, fibrosis, fatty liver and tumours. Natural products are a promising pool for drug discovery, and enormous research effort has been invested in exploring the PPARγ‐activating potential of natural products. In this manuscript, we will review the research progress of PPARγ agonists from natural products in recent years and probe into the application potential and prospects of PPARγ natural agonists in the therapy of various liver diseases, including inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, non‐alcoholic fatty liver and liver cancer.
Interpersonal Risk Factors for Suicide in Cocaine Dependence: Association with Self‐Esteem, Personality Traits, and Childhood Abuse
Authors: Zhornitsky Simon , Le Thang M. , Dhingra Isha , Adkinson Brendan D. , Potvin Stephane , Li Chiang‐shan R. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveStudies have linked cocaine dependence to suicidality. According to the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, suicidal behavior becomes likely with the simultaneous presence of perceived burdensomeness (PB), lack of (or thwarted) belongingness (TB), and acquired fearlessness about death (FAD). Here, we examined personality and other variables, including depression, self‐esteem, childhood abuse, and substance use, as predictors of these risk factors in cocaine‐dependent individuals (CDs).MethodsSeventy CDs and 70 healthy controls (HCs) participated. We examined group differences in a group‐by‐sex analysis of variance and identified predictors of PB, TB, and FAD in stepwise regressions.ResultsCDs exhibited elevated PB and TB but not FAD, compared to HCs. CDs also exhibited elevated harm avoidance, novelty seeking, depression, and lower self‐esteem and reward dependence. Females reported elevated sexual abuse, harm avoidance, reward dependence, depression, but lower FAD, relative to males, among CDs and HCs. Among CDs, PB was predicted by lower self‐esteem and greater emotional abuse; TB was predicted by lower self‐esteem and reward dependence, as well as greater emotional and sexual abuse; and FAD was predicted by lower harm avoidance and greater physical abuse.ConclusionsInterventions targeting suicidality in cocaine dependence should take into consideration self‐esteem, personality traits, and childhood abuse.
On the Approximation of the Full Mass Matrix in the Rotational-Coordinate-Based Beam Formulation
Authors: Fan Wei , Ren Hui , Ju Ren , Zhu Weidong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A novel approach is developed to approximate the full mass matrix in the rotational-coordinate-based beam formulation, which can improve the efficiency of calculating its inverse in dynamic analyses. While the rotational-coordinate-based beam formulation can reduce numbers of elements and generalized coordinates, its mass matrix is a full matrix, such that corresponding Jacobian matrix is also full, and it is time-consuming to calculate its inverse. To increase efficiency of calculating its inverse, the full mass matrix is approximated in this work. Two approximations are adopted: (1) a double integral is approximated by a single integral; and (2) a full matrix is approximated by a sum of several rank-one matrices. Through this way, the approximate mass matrix can be decomposed as a band-diagonal sparse matrix and multiplication of low-rank matrices, and its inverse can be efficiently calculated using Sherman–Woodbury formula. Through this way, the approximate mass matrix can be efficiently calculated. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the performance of the current approach, and its accuracy and efficiency are analyzed.