bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moxibustion for the side effects of surgical therapy and chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Li Shuqing , Chen Jianrong , Wang Yanping , Zhou Xu , Zhu Weifeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Side effects after surgical therapy and chemotherapy of gastric cancer substantially reduce patients’ quality of life. This systematic review aims to investigate whether moxibustion, as a complementary treatment, is effective in alleviating side effects in patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgical therapy or chemotherapy.

Methods:
We will systematically search nine English and Chinese electronic databases to find relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare basic treatment with and without moxibustion for treating the side effects induced by surgical therapy or chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer. The time frame of the search will be from inception to July 1, 2020, and the publication language will not be limited. The literature screening and data extraction will be completed independently by 2 reviewers. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. For the analyses of the side effects of both surgical therapy and chemotherapy, the primary outcomes are defined as the incidence of any side effect, response rate, and quality of life. For the analyses of the side effects of surgical therapy, the secondary outcomes include the incidence of each individual side effect, time to first flatus/defecation/bowel sounds, and length of in-hospital stay. For the analysis of the side effects of chemotherapy, the secondary outcomes include incidence of each individual side effect, white blood cell/red blood cell/platelets counts, and hemoglobin level. R v3.6.2 software will be used to perform the meta-analyses. The quality of evidence will be classified using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Results:
This study will provide the first systematic review evidence on the efficacy of moxibustion as adjuvant management for gastric cancer by rigorous quality assessment and appropriate data synthesis. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will provide currently best evidence on moxibustion for patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgical therapy or chemotherapy and may impact clinical practice.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020169511
Injury of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium in macular area of a preterm infant
Authors: Sun Xiantao , Liu Ting , Sun Shuang , Lu Yuebing , Wang Fei , Xie Yuanchun , Li Guanfeng , Wang Hui , Jiang Yu , Huang Yunyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rational:
Injury of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in macular area of premature infants is very rare.

Patient concerns:
A preterm infant delivered under general anesthesia. The infant was born at 28 weeks’ and 4 days’ gestation, with a birth weight of 1.15 kg and a treatment of oxygen inhalation after birth. According to the related protocol formulated by the Ophthalmology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association in 2014, the infant was regularly checked in our hospital.

Diagnosis:
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination showed injuries of the photoreceptors and RPE in macular area.

Interventions:
The fundus screening at 40 weeks’ and 4 days’ gestation (corrected gestational age) showed retinopathy of prematurity in bilateral eyes, with round yellow-white lesions at the macular area of right eye and sub-temporal macular area. OCT examination showed interrupted signals in the external limiting membrane (ELM), inner segment of the photoreceptors (IS)/outer segment of the photoreceptors (OS) layer, interdigitation zone (IZ), and RPE of the central fovea of macula of the right eye, with the area of defect of approximately 184 μm. Enhanced signal reflection was found under the defect area. Interrupted signals were also found in the IS/OS layer of the central fovea of macula of the left eye, with the area of defect of approximately 222 μm. Fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) examination showed transmitted fluorescence at the macular area of the right eye and sub-temporal macular area of the left eye, suggesting retinopathy of prematurity in bilateral eyes.

Outcomes:
Several factors, such as photic damage, eye injuries, hyperpyrexia, and underlying diseases, could cause macular retinal injuries. However, the baby had not received any radiation from high energy intense light sources, and had no history of hyperpyrexia or trauma. Fundamental screening was performed 1 year and 4 months of age and no obvious change was found in the round yellow-white lesions of the eyes compared with that in earlier stages. We have contacted with the patient for the follow-up OCT and FFA examinations a month later to check the possible structural changes of the macular area.

Lessons:
The retina of a preterm infant is underdeveloped, we speculated that the bilateral retinal injuries in this baby could be caused by various factors.
Therapeutic effects of acupuncture on sensory ataxia after a cerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Lu Kuan-Yu , Yuen Ka-Fai , Luo Jia-Yuan , Hong Chang-Zern , Chou Li-Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Sensory ataxia is a dysfunction of dynamic balance due to impairment of sensory input into the control of movement. The sequelae of stroke, such as hemiplegia, somatosensory impairment, and impaired balance may cause significant disability and may affect patients’ quality of life. In addition to rehabilitation programs, acupuncture therapy has been applied to stroke patients and is recommended as a complementary therapy in stroke rehabilitation.

Patient concerns:
A 70-year-old male had a sudden onset of conscious loss. The brain computed tomography showed intracerebral hemorrhage with subdural hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Diagnosis:
Intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke was diagnosed.

Interventions:
He received craniotomy with hematoma evacuation immediately and waked up 3 weeks with bilateral hemiparesis (right side weaker than left), impaired position sensation and tactile perception in the right lower limb. He then began to receive rehabilitation therapy and had significant improvement in muscle strength and static balance, but no improvement in tactile perception of position sense in the right lower limbs and reached plateau. Then he received acupuncture therapies to Yongquan (KI1), Tongtien (BL7) and Houxi (SI3).

Outcomes:
The patient's walking ability recovered after receiving rehabilitation programs for 3 years, but the impairment in proprioception and dynamic balance persisted. The perception and dynamic balance had significantly improved after patient received acupuncture therapy, especially the acupuncture point of Yongquan (KI1).

Conclusion:
The clinical effect of acupuncture in combination with conventional rehabilitation therapy for neurological impairment recovery, improving activity of daily living performance and improving post-stroke imbalance was explored. We hope that this report can facilitate further well controlled quantitative objective studies on a big size of samples.
Iron deficiency is a possible risk factor causing right heart failure in Tibetan children living in high altitude area
Authors: Yu Jiayun , Yu Li , Li Yifei , Hu Fan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study is to discuss the risk factor of right heart failure (RHF) especially the association of iron deficiency with RHF in Tibetan children who live in high altitude area. In this retrospective study, we collected the data of Tibetan children from January 2011 to December 2018 in our hospital. The patients included in the study had the following data: age, gender, ferritin, echocardiography, hemoglobin, C-reaction protein, and altitude of residence. According to whether RHF was diagnosed, the patients were divided into RHF group and non-RHF group. Totally 133 patients were included with 59 in RHF group and 74 in non-RHF group. In single factor analysis, age (P = .008), altitude of residence (P < .001), ferritin (P < .001), and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (P < .001) showed significant difference between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to further identify the association of the clinical factors with RHF. Higher pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (odds ratio: 29.303, 95% confidence interval: 5.249–163.589, P < .001) and lower ferritin level (odds ratio: 5.849, 95% confidence interval: 1.585–21.593, P = .008) were independent risk factors associated with RHF. In receiver-operating characteristic curve, the optimal cutoff value of ferritin level was 14.6 μg/L with the sensitivity of 81.4% and specificity of 89.2%. As continuous variable, the correlation between ferritin and RHF was not certain (P = .281). Due to the possibility that iron deficiency be a risk factor of RHF in Tibetan children, prevention and treatment of iron deficiency might be a potential way in reducing the incidence of RHF in this high altitude area.
C-reactive protein testing to guide antibiotic prescribing for COPD exacerbations
Authors: An Xing , Zhang Chuantao , Weng Xiangwen , Xiao Wei , Sun Zengtao , Zeng Zhu , Huang Qingsong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
The use of antibiotics in the acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), a sensitive biomarker for systemic inflammation and tissue damage, is a good indicator of lower respiratory tract bacterial infection. However, due to the small sample size of the existing studies, the clinical value of CRP in guiding the use of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) antibiotics is insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of CRP-guided treatment strategies for AECOPD patients.

Methods:
This review summarizes and meta-analyses randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CRP guiding antibiotic prescribing for COPD exacerbations. RCTs compare either usual-care or the GOLD strategy have been included. The following electronic databases have been searched: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang Data. The methodologic quality of RCTs has been assessed using the Cochrane risk assessment tool. All trials included are analyzed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.3, R-3.5.1 software, and GRADE pro GDT web solution are used for data synthesis and analysis.

Results:
This review evaluates the effects of CRP testing on the antibiotic use, CCQ, EQ-5D utility scores and adverse events in patients with COPD exacerbations.

Conclusion:
This review provides clear evidence that CRP testing can reduce the use of antibiotics in patients with AECOPD without causing harm.
Low-level light therapy using a helmet-type device for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Yoon Jung Soo , Ku Won Young , Lee Jang Hyun , Ahn Hee Chang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in both sexes. In recent studies, low-level light therapy (LLLT) has been established as an effective treatment for alopecia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LLLT using a new helmet-type device for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Method
A randomized, sham device-controlled, double-blind clinical trial was conducted at 2 institutions. Sixty participants diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia aged from 19 to 65 years were recruited. LLLT was performed through a helmet-type device that emitted light with a mean output power of 2.36 mW/cm2 at a wavelength of 655 nm. Participants were divided into 2 groups, which respectively used the experimental device and a sham device. After tattooing at the central point of the vertex, phototrichograms at that point were obtained at 0, 8, and 16 weeks. The primary endpoint of the study was the difference in the rate of change of hair density between the test group and the control group.

Results
Comparing the results at baseline and week 16, the experimental group showed an increase in hair density of 41.90 hairs/cm2 and an increase in hair thickness of 7.50 μm, whereas the control group showed an increase of 0.72 hairs/cm2 and a decrease of 15.03 μm, respectively (P < .001). No adverse events or side effects occurred.

Conclusion
LLLT showed a significant effect on increasing hair density in patients with androgenetic alopecia. LLLT could be a safe and effective treatment for androgenetic alopecia in both sexes.
Intranasal glial heterotopia in a male infant
Authors: Zhang Wei , Tang Lixing , Wang Pengpeng , Ge Wentong , Ni Xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rationale:

Nasal glial heterotopia is a rare type of neoplasm consisting of meningothelial and/or neuroglial elements.

Patient concerns:

A 2-month-old male was evaluated for treatment of a congenital mass in the right nasal cavity near the pharynx.

Diagnoses:

The patient was preoperatively diagnosed with a congenital intranasal neoplasm.

Interventions:

Nasal endoscopic resection of the nasopharyngeal mass was performed under general anesthesia. Histological examination of the resected tissue provided a diagnosis of intranasal glial heterotopia.

Outcomes:

The surgical outcome was good, with no surgical site infection. After 1 year of follow-up, the boy was asymptomatic with no recurrence.

Lessons:

Excision of a nasopharyngeal mass via nasal endoscopy resulted in no recurrence during 1 year of follow-up. Before any surgical treatment for suspected glial heterotopia, the mass should be differentiated clinically and radiologically from an encephalocele to prevent the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and meningitis.
68Ga-NEB PET/CT can be a new method for diagnosing chylous fistula
Authors: Peng Li , Zhao Jialin , Mao Feng , Sun Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
We hypothesize that with the determination of lymph fistula location 3-dimensionally, application of appropriate pressure would promote fistula healing, and a secondary surgery may be avoided. 68Ga-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N, N’, N”-triacetic acid (NOTA) conjugated with truncated Evan blue (NEB) forms a complex with serum albumin in the interstitial fluid after it is locally injected and allows rapid visualization of the lymphatic system.

Patient concerns:
A 44-year-old woman had a chief complaint of left nipple discharge. A 38-year-old woman came to the hospital after sensing a right breast mass.

Diagnoses:
The 2 patients were diagnosed with chylous fistula after breast cancer surgery based on the findings of a novel method, 68Ga-NOTA-Evans Blue (NEB) positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Interventions:
We successfully obtained clear images to locate the fistula using 68Ga-NEB positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for both patients. The lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes could be clearly visualized owing to the 68Ga-NEB activity during PET/CT.

Outcomes:
Three-dimensional positioning to locate the fistula could direct the application of the pressure dressing and reduce drainage markedly.

Lessons:

68Ga-NEB PET/CT may be a new method for diagnosing chylous fistula and providing guidance for treatment.
Lefamulin vs moxifloxacin for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Tang Hung-Jen , Wang Jui-Hsiang , Lai Chih-Cheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lefamulin is a novel pleuromutilin antibiotic with potent in vitro activity against key community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) pathogens. However, the clinical efficacy and safety of lefamulin for treating CABP remains unclear.
An integrated analysis of 2 phase III trials investigating the clinical efficacy and safety of lefamulin vs moxifloxacin in the treatment of CABP was conducted.
A total of 1289 patients (lefamulin group: 646 and moxifloxacin group: 643) were included in this analysis. The early clinical response rate was 89.3% and 90.5% among lefamulin and moxifloxacin group, respectively. Lefamulin was noninferior to moxifloxacin (89.3% vs 90.5%, RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.95–1.02, I

2
= 0%). In terms of clinical response at test of cure, no significant difference was observed between the lefamulin and moxifloxacin groups (for modified intention to treat population, RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.94–1.02, I

2
= 0%; for clinically evaluable population, RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–1.00, I

2
= 0%). In the subgroup analysis, the early clinical response rate at early clinical assessment and clinical response rate at test of cure of lefamulin was similar to that of moxifloxacin across different subgpopulations and all baseline CABP pathogens. Lefamulin was associated with a similar risk of adverse events as moxifloxacin.
Clinical efficacy and tolerability for lefamulin in the treatment of CABP were similar to those for moxifloxacin.
Parenting style during childhood is associated with the development of chronic pain and a patient's need for psychosomatic treatment in adulthood
Authors: Shibata Mao , Ninomiya Toshiharu , Anno Kozo , Kawata Hiroshi , Iwaki Rie , Sawamoto Ryoko , Kubo Chiharu , Kiyohara Yutaka , Sudo Nobuyuki , Hosoi Masako 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between parenting style and chronic pain and the patients’ need for psychosomatic treatment in adulthood.
We compared 4 combinations of 2 parenting style subscales, high and low care and overprotection, among the following 4 age- and sex-matched groups: community-dwelling subjects without chronic pain (n = 100), community-dwelling subjects with chronic pain (n = 100), outpatients with chronic pain (n = 50), and inpatients with chronic pain (n = 50). Parenting style was assessed for both the mother and father by use of the Parental Bonding Instrument questionnaire. The parenting style associated with the worst outcome was defined as both low care and high overprotection, as reported in previous studies.
The frequency of reported adverse parenting style was significantly higher among chronic pain patients than community-dwelling subjects without chronic pain (all P < .05). The odds ratios for an adverse parenting style significantly increased through the categories after adjusting for demographic factors and the pain visual analog scale (P for trend <.01).
These findings suggest that parental low care and high overprotection during childhood contribute to the future risk of chronic pain and the patients’ need for psychosomatic treatment in adulthood.
Effectiveness of niacin supplementation for patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Xiang Dan , Zhang Qian , Wang Yang-Tian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Lipid profiles and glycemic control play a critical role in subsequent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of niacin supplementation on lipid profiles and glycemic control for patients with T2DM.

Methods:
The PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of niacin supplementation for patients with T2DM throughout December 2019. The weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to calculate the pooled effect estimates using a random-effects model.

Results:
Eight RCTs comprised a total of 2110 patients with T2DM who were selected for final quantitative analysis. The patients’ niacin supplementation was associated with lower levels of total cholesterol (WMD, −0.28; 95% CI, −0.44 to −0.12; P = .001), triglyceride (WMD, −0.37; 95% CI, −0.52 to −0.21; P < .001), and low-density lipoprotein (WMD, −0.42; 95% CI, −0.50 to −0.34; P < .001). Moreover, the level of high-density lipoprotein was significantly increased when niacin supplementation (WMD, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.44; P < .001) was provided. However, niacin supplementation produced no significant effects on plasma glucose (WMD, 0.18; 95% CI, −0.14 to 0.50; P = .275) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (WMD, 0.39; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.94; P = .158).

Conclusions:
This study found that niacin supplementation could improve lipid profiles without affecting the glycemic levels for patients with T2DM. Additional large-scale RCTs should be conducted to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of niacin supplementation.
Emergency transfers of home care patients in Fukui Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Kosaka Makoto , Miyatake Hirotomo , Arita Satoshi , Masunaga Hidehisa , Ozaki Akihiko , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Beniya Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Little is known about how emergency transfers take place and what outcomes they lead to in the patients who receive home care in Japan. We aimed to assess outcomes of emergency transfers and factors associated with such outcomes in the Japanese home care setting.
A retrospective analysis of patient data from a home care clinic in Fukui, Japan, included all patients who experienced emergency transfers which were reported to the clinic during 2018 and 2019. We collected data on patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the transfer process and its outcome, using patient charts and other administrative records. We first analyzed the overall outcome and then evaluated whether transfer outcomes would differ according to by whom and from where the emergency medical service (EMS) was called, by univariate and multivariate analyses.
We considered 63 patients who experienced emergency transfers during the study period. Of the total, 10 (15.9%) returned to their residences without being admitted or being dead on arrival. Although only 2.6% (1/39) of patients whose transfers were determined by health care professionals (HCPs) returned home without being admitted, a direct return was observed for 37.5% (9/24) of patients whose transfer was determined by those other than HCPs (odds ratio of direct return to residences 22.80, 95% confidence interval 2.65–195.87). There was no other variable which was significantly associated with the outcomes after the emergency transfers, although all the patients who have no available caregivers resulted in hospitalization.
In this preliminary analysis in the Japanese home care setting, only a small proportion of patients returned to their residences without being admitted following emergency transfers. Patients whose EMS transfer was requested by an HCP usually resulted in an admission to the clinic, whereas transfers requested by non-HCPs frequently did not.
Influence of prior hip arthroscopy on outcomes after hip arthroplasty
Authors: Guo Jiankuo , Dou Dongmei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
No meta-analysis exists elucidate the impact of prior hip arthroscopy on the outcomes of subsequent hip arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the current evidence in the literature to ascertain if prior hip arthroscopy leads to inferior outcomes after hip arthroplasty.

Methods:
PUBMED, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched on May 20, 2019. Only English publications were included. The primary outcomes were postoperative complication, revision, and reoperation. Secondary outcomes included Harris Hip Score (HHS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), operative time, and estimated blood loss.

Results:
Eleven studies with a total of 1227 patients were included. The pooled data revealed that patients with prior hip arthroscopy were associated with higher risks for any postoperative complication (P < .00001), dislocation (P = .03), revision (P = .03), and reoperation (P = .02) following subsequent hip arthroplasty. However, there were no significant differences in infection rate (P = .22), HHS (P = .09), WOMAC (P = .19), operative time (P = .52), and estimated blood loss (P = .17) between the groups.

Conclusions:
Patients with prior hip arthroscopy are at increased risks for any postoperative complication, dislocation, revision, and reoperation following subsequent hip arthroplasty. However, prior hip arthroscopy does not appear to have an impact on the functional outcomes and intraoperative outcomes.