bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Carbetocin Dose on Transmural Dispersion of Myocardial Repolarization in Healthy Parturients Scheduled for Elective Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Clunies-Ross Natasha , Roston Thomas M. , Taylor James , Whyte Simon , Albert Arianne , Görges Matthias , Chau Anthony 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:
QT interval prolongation is associated with torsade de pointes but remains a poor predictor of drug torsadogenicity. Increased transmural dispersion of myocardial repolarization (TDR), measured as the time interval between the peak and end of the T wave (Tp-e), is a more reliable predictor. Carbetocin is recommended as an uterotonic in patients undergoing cesarean delivery (CD), but its effect on Tp-e is unknown. We evaluated the effect of carbetocin dose on Tp-e and Bazett-corrected QT intervals (QTc) during elective CD under spinal anesthesia.

METHODS:
On patient consent, 50 healthy parturients undergoing elective CD with a standardized spinal anesthetic and phenylephrine infusion were randomized to receive an intravenous (IV) bolus of carbetocin 50 µg (C50) or 100 µg (C100) via an infusion pump over 1 minute. A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained at baseline, 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia, then 5 and 10 minutes after carbetocin administration. A cardiologist blinded to group and timing of ECGs measured QTc and Tp-e using Emori’s criteria. Primary outcome was the change in Tp-e at 5 minutes after carbetocin administration between the C50 and C100 groups and within each group compared to baseline values. Secondary outcomes included occurrence of arrhythmias, changes in QTc at 5 and 10 minutes after carbetocin, changes in both QTc and Tp-e after spinal anesthesia compared to baseline between and within groups.

RESULTS:
Data from 41 parturients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 39.0 (0.7) years and weight of 75.0 (12.0) kg were analyzed. Between groups, at 5 minutes after carbetocin administration, Tp-e in C100 was 4.1 milliseconds longer compared to C50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8–7.5; P = .01). Within groups, at 5 minutes after carbetocin administration, C50 did not significantly increase Tp-e compared to baseline (mean difference [MD] 1.9 milliseconds; 95% CI, −0.95 to 4.81 milliseconds; P = .42) but C100 did (MD 5.1 milliseconds; 95% CI, 2.1–8.1; P = .003). QTc increased significantly within C50 and C100 groups at 5 and 10 minutes after carbetocin administration (all P < .001), with no between-group differences. There were no arrhythmias.

CONCLUSIONS:
Tp-e was unaffected by C50 IV given after CD in healthy parturients under spinal anesthesia, but minimally prolonged by C100. The increase in QTc after carbetocin administration was statistically significant, but with no apparent dose-dependent effect. The minimal Tp-e prolongation at the higher dose is unlikely to have any clinically significant impact on TDR and therefore the risk of inducing torsade de pointes is low.
The microtubule end-binding affinity of EB1 is enhanced by a dimeric organization that is susceptible to phosphorylation
Authors: Song Yinlong , Zhang Yikan , Pan Ying , He Jianfeng , Wang Yan , Chen Wei , Guo Jing , Deng Haiteng , Xue Yi , Fang Xianyang , Liang Xin 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
In cells, microtubule dynamics are regulated by plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs). End-binding protein 1 (EB1, also known as MAPRE1) acts as a master regulator of +TIP networks by targeting the growing ends of microtubules and recruiting other factors. However, the molecular mechanism underlying high-affinity binding of EB1 to microtubule ends remains an open area of research. Using single-molecule imaging, we show that the end-binding kinetics of EB1 change when the polymerization and hydrolysis rates of tubulin dimers are altered, confirming that EB1 binds to GTP–tubulin and/or GDP–Pi–tubulin at microtubule growing ends. The affinity of wild-type EB1 to these sites is higher than that of monomeric EB1 mutants, suggesting that both calponin homology domains present in the EB1 dimer contribute to end binding. Introduction of phosphomimetic mutations into the EB1 linker domain weakens the end-binding affinity and confers a more curved conformation on the EB1 dimer without compromising dimerization, suggesting that the overall architecture of EB1 is important for its end-binding affinity. Taken together, our results provide insights into how the high-affinity end-binding of EB1 is achieved and how this activity may be regulated in cells.
Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound, CT and MRI in Budd Chiari syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Bansal Varun , Kumar-M Praveen , Sinha Saroj K , Samanta Jayanta , Mandavdhare Harshal , Sharma Vishal , Dutta Usha , Kochhar Rakesh 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of Doppler ultrasound, CT, and MRI in the diagnosis of Budd Chiari syndrome (BCS).

Methods:
We performed a literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to identify articles reporting the diagnostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound, CT, and MRI (either alone or in combination) for BCS using catheter venography or surgery as the reference standard. The quality of the included articles was assessed by using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool.

Results:
11 studies were found eligible for inclusion. Pooled sensitivities and specificities of Doppler ultrasound were 89% [95% confidence interval (CI), 81–94%, I2 = 24.7%] and 68% (95% CI, 3–99%, I2 = 95.2%), respectively. Regarding CT, the pooled sensitivities and specificities were 89% (95% CI, 77–95%, I2 = 78.6%) and 72% (95% CI, 21–96%, I2 = 91.4%), respectively. The pooled sensitivities and specificities of MRI were 93% (95% CI, 89–96%, I2 = 10.6%) and 55% (95% CI, 5–96%, I2 = 87.6%), respectively. The pooled DOR for Doppler ultrasound, CT, and MRI were 10.19 (95% CI: 1.5, 69.2), 14.57 (95% CI: 1.13, 187.37), and 20.42 (95% CI: 1.78, 234.65), respectively. The higher DOR of MRI than that of Doppler ultrasound and CT shows the better discriminatory power. The area under the curve for MRI was 90.8% compared with 88.4% for CT and 86.6% for Doppler ultrasound.

Conclusion:
Doppler ultrasound, CT and MRI had high overall diagnostic accuracy for diagnosis of BCS, but substantial heterogeneity was found. Prospective studies are needed to investigate diagnostic performance of these imaging modalities.

Advances in knowledge:
MRI and CT have the highest meta-analytic sensitivity and specificity, respectively for the diagnosis of BCS. Also, MRI has the highest area under curve for the diagnosis of BCS.
DA IMPENHORABILIDADE DOS ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS NO DIREITO POSITIVO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Alonso Paulo Gimenes , Cardin Valeria Da Silva Galdino 
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho analisou, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, o instituto da penhorabilidade dos animais domésticos e de estimação para pagamento de dívidas de qualquer espécie, contraídas pelos seus tutores. Como tal proteção não se encontra positivada no ordenamento jurídico infraconstitucional brasileiro, demonstrar-se-á que ela deriva diretamente da Constituição Federal de 1988 e dos princípios gerais do Direito, não só porque os animais são seres sencientes, dotados de sentidos, mas também em razão da atual proteção jurídica do afeto, que se constitui em patrimônio imaterial dos titulares dos referidos animais e tem o condão de gerar as famílias pluriespécies, além de que estes merecem, no mínimo, a mesma proteção dispensada aos bens de família.
Geopolítica y cooperación espacial: China y América del Sur
Authors: Frenkel Alejandro , Blinder Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la cooperación entre China y América del Sur en el campo espacial, a partir de dos preguntas: 1) ¿qué lugar ocupa la política espacial en la estrategia geopolítica de China y cómo entra la región suramericana en ella?; y 2) ¿se trata de un caso de cooperación Sur-Sur? Para responder estos interrogantes, usamos un enfoque geopolítico y tomamos en cuenta tres factores: 1) si existen condicionamientos políticos o económicos por parte de China; 2) si hay transferencia en materia de tecnología; y 3) si se produjo alguna cesión de soberanía. Como resultado, planteamos que la política espacial china es parte central de su estrategia de expansión global, pero que es selectiva en América del Sur, en tanto se focaliza en determinados países; y que, a pesar de la proclama de establecer un tipo de cooperación ‘horizontal’, el vínculo en el campo espacial es más bien asimétrico.
China no âmbito da mudança climática. Negociações exteriores e políticas domésticas
Authors: Estevo Jefferson Dos Santos 
Published: March 2020

El cambio climático, derivado del creciente calentamiento global, ya se siente en diversas partes del planeta. La cooperación entre los Estados es necesaria para que las emisiones de gases del efecto invernadero disminuyan, controlando el aumento de la temperatura global. Las negociaciones sobre cambio climático presentaban la división entre países desarrollados y en desarrollo, sustituida por el nuevo modelo en París 2015. China es actor central en las negociaciones y el mayor emisor global. Las emisiones chinas se derivan en mayor medida del sector de energía, basado en el carbón y en el petróleo. El país indicó sus metas voluntarias en Copenhague 2009, lo que es entendido como evolución en su política climática. En el año 2015, antes de la cop 21, el país comunicó la Intención Nacional Designada (ndc), reducción de intensidad de emisiones entre el 60 % y el 65 % en relación con el año 2005, y un 20 % de la matriz energética basada en energía renovable, ambas hasta el año 2030. El cambio climático recibió atención en las políticas domésticas chinas, sobretodo en la reformulación de la matriz energética. El país apoya el principio de la responsabilidad común, pero diferenciada, para mantener su política externa climática. El riesgo del cambio climático está presente en el país, que adoptó a partir de 2007 políticas nacionales sobre el clima. El objetivo del artículo es realizar el levantamiento de las acciones de China sobre cambio climático, tanto en el ámbito interno como internacional, en el período hasta el Acuerdo de París 2015.
Perfil de resistencia de la Salmonella sp durante un periodo de tres años en un hospital de Colombia
Authors: Pérez Ardila María Alejandra , Noreña Iván , Millán Henry Augusto , Naranjo Julián Alberto , Castellanos Juan , Ladino Laura , Luna Fredy Andrés , Rincón Laura Fernanda , Duarte Luisa 
Published: March 2020

Introducción: en Colombia, del 2000 al 2012, se describió un aumento progresivo en la resistencia a betalactámicos y a quinolonas en los aislamientos de Salmonella sp. A partir de esta fecha, se desconoce la evolución de las tasas de resistencia en el país. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el perfil de susceptibilidad durante el periodo 2014-2017, así como evaluar la asociación entre las características clínicas sociodemográficas de la población con los patrones de resistencia de Salmonella sp. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal del 2014 al 2017, realizado en la Fundación Cardioinfantil en mayores de 18 años, con aislamiento de Salmonella sp en cualquier tipo de muestra biológica. Resultados: se encontraron sesenta casos, ningún aislamiento fue resistente a quinolonas, uno mostró resistencia a ampicilina y uno se caracterizó como AMP–c; el 95 % tenía perfil de susceptibilidad usual. No se encontró asociación entre las variables estudiadas y la presencia de resistencia. Conclusión: los resultados pueden reflejar un cambio en el perfil de susceptibilidad de Salmonella sp en Colombia, con una disminución en la resistencia a betalactámicos y a quinolonas a partir del 2014. Sin embargo, se requiere una mayor muestra poblacional para corroborar esta hipótesis.
Factors influencing the implementation of self-management solutions in healthcare: an interview study with NHS managers
Authors: Harvey Jasmine , Powell John 
Published: March 2020

Background/aims Research focusing on the perspectives of healthcare managers, who are often key in devising strategies for the implementation of self-management solutions, is limited. This study aimed to investigate the barriers to the implementation of technology-based self-management solutions in an NHS organisation and how this affects project delivery. Methods Semi-structured interviews were held with 15 NHS employees in various managerial roles from one organisation. As initial findings suggested that managers were not fully aware of how to approach the different stages of project delivery, a second analysis was conducted to explore their approaches and insights at various stages of a self-management project. Findings Participants were highly knowledgeable about key decision-making processes in the initial phases of a project, but clearly struggled during the organisation and implementation phases. Conclusions To support the successful implementation of projects, managers should focus more on unpacking the later stages of project delivery and addressing the contextual factors that influence them.
Broadband thulium-doped fiber ASE source
Authors: Aubrecht J. , Peterka P. , Honzátko P. , Moravec O. , Kamrádek M. , Kašík I. 
Published: March 2020

We report on a flat and broadband thulium-doped amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) fiber source working around 1.85 µm in the eye-safe spectral region. Core-pumped thulium fibers were prepared in-house using the modified chemical vapor deposition method. The amplified spontaneous emission source in a backward direction with respect to the pump and in a single-ended configuration produces stable, non-polarized radiation with an output power of up to 280 mW, corresponding to a slope efficiency of about 36% with respect to the pump power. To the best of our knowledge, the device reported herein is the broadest ASE source based on Tm-doped fiber without internal spectral filtering with an output power exceeding 90 mW and full width at half-maximum of the spectrum greater than 155 nm.
Bioaccesibilidad de minerales en alimentos elaborados con premezclas comerciales libres de gluten
Authors: Binaghi Maria Julieta , Dyner Luis Marcelo , Lopez Laura Beatriz 
Published: March 2020

Introducción: En Argentina la enfermedad celíaca tiene una prevalencia de 1% a 2%. El único tratamiento efectivo para esta patología es una dieta permanente libre de gluten. La misma puede conducir a posibles deficiencias de algunos nutrientes. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la bioaccesibilidad de hierro, calcio y zinc, en alimentos libres de gluten elaborados con premezclas comerciales disponibles en el mercado argentino. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 12 alimentos elaborados con 9 premezclas diferentes. Se analizaron productos de repostería (budín y bizcochuelo), panes y pizzas. Se determinó el contenido total de hierro, calcio y zinc por espectrometría de absorción atómica y la dializabilidad (D%) por un método in vitro que simula las condiciones gastrointestinales. El aporte potencial (AP) se calculó en base al contenido total cada mineral y su dializabilidad. Como el AP representa el mineral disponible para la absorción, se comparó con los valores de requerimientos mínimos (R). Resultados: El contenido de hierro en las muestras varió entre 0,4-2,5 mg/100 g; el de calcio entre 22-167 mg/100 g y el de zinc 0,13-1,93 mg/100 g. En el caso de la D% se obtuvieron los siguientes valores: D%Fe: 11,8-20,1%; D%Ca: 15,6-28,9% y D%Zn: 8,1-15,7%. Respecto al porcentaje de cobertura de los requerimientos diarios con una porción de los alimentos estudiados se observó que hay una gran variación dependiendo del alimento y del grupo etario estudiado. Conclusión: el contenido y la cantidad de minerales disponibles de los alimentos libres de gluten analizados son relativamente bajos.
Influence of Hurdling Clearance on Sprint Mechanical Properties in High-Level Athletes
Authors: Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Casado Arturo , González Julián Ernesto , Rodríguez-Fernández Carmen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Jiménez-Reyes, P, Casado, A, González, JE, and Rodríguez-Fernández, C. Influence of hurdling clearance on sprint mechanical properties in high-level athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 827–831, 2022—Short hurdling races are sprint races in which athletes must also clear 10 hurdles. Assessing the force-velocity (F-V) profile in sprinting has been found useful for implementing individualized training programs and determining the mechanical effectiveness in force application. This study therefore compared the sprint mechanical F-V profile between flat and hurdle conditions to distinguish which mechanical capacity (i.e., maximum force [F0], maximum velocity [V0], or maximum power [Pmax]) is required to optimize performance in hurdling races. Twenty-two athletes (10 men and 12 women, aged: 22.4 ± 3.6 years old) competing at the national and elite performance levels conducted 2 maximal sprints of 40 m in both flat and hurdle conditions. F0, V0, FVslope, Pmax, and decrease and maximal ratio of horizontal force (DRF and RFpeak, respectively) were assessed for each condition. A higher F0 (effect size [ES] = 1.69) and a lower V0 (ES = 2.08), DRF (ES = 3.15) and RFpeak (ES = 1.31) were found in the hurdle condition than in the flat condition. No significant differences were observed between conditions for Pmax (ES = 0.01). These results support the potential of using the F-V profile to monitor sprint mechanics to optimize specific and individualized sprint training programs for hurdlers and sprinters. Coaches of hurdlers should thus consider implementing in their training routines exercises that were found to be effective on the development of F0, such as heavy load resisted sprints.
Comparison of the Power Output Between the Hang Power Clean and Hang High Pull Across a Wide Range of Loads in Weightlifters
Authors: Takei Seiichiro , Hirayama Kuniaki , Okada Junichi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Takei, S, Hirayama, K, and Okada, J. Comparison of the power output between the hang power clean and hang high pull across a wide range of loads in weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S84–S88, 2021—The current study compared the peak power output during the hang power clean (HPC) and hang high pull (HHP) across a wide range of external loads in weightlifters. Eight weightlifters completed 1 repetition maximum (1RM) assessment for the HPC (1.59 ± 0.17 kg/body mass) and a power test for the HPC and HHP at relative loads of 40, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 100% 1RM of the HPC. The ground reaction force and 2-dimensional bar position data were recorded to determine the system (barbell + body mass) kinetics and bar height, respectively. System power was calculated as force multiplied by system velocity. The HHP produced significantly greater peak power than the HPC at 40, 60, and 70% 1RM. Conversely, there was no statistical or practical difference in peak power between the exercises at 80, 90, 95, and 100% 1RM. No significant interaction was found in force at peak power, whereas velocity at peak power was significantly greater during the HHP than during the HPC at 40, 60, and 70% 1RM. In addition, significantly greater peak bar height was observed for the HHP than the HPC at 40, 60, and 70% 1RM. From the power output comparisons across loads, the HHP should be used over the HPC at loads of 40–70% 1RM, whereas the HPC and HHP can be interchangeably used at loads of 80–100% 1RM.
Nonspecific Resistance Training and Swimming Performance: Strength or Power? A Systematic Review
Authors: Muniz-Pardos Borja , Gomez-Bruton Alejandro , Matute-Llorente Angel , Gonzalez-Aguero Alejandro , Gomez-Cabello Alba , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Casajus Jose A. , Vicente-Rodriguez German 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Muniz-Pardos, B, Gomez-Bruton, A, Matute-Llorente, A, Gonzalez-Aguero, A, Gomez-Cabello, A, Gonzalo-Skok, O, Casajus, JA, and Vicente-Rodriguez, G. Nonspecific resistance training and swimming performance: Strength or power? A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1162–1170, 2022—The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the type of nonspecific resistance intervention that is more effective to enhance swimming performance and to determine the nonspecific strength- or power-related variable that better predicts swimming performance. A search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Plus, and SportDiscus up to June 2018. Studies were distributed into 4 categories: dry-land strength (DLS), dry-land power (DLP), combination of training methods, and strength and power in start performance. From 1,844 citations, 33 met the inclusion criteria. Cross-sectional DLS studies showed positive associations between swimming performance and DLS development (especially through upper-body isometric assessments), although the efficacy of DLS training interventions remains unclear. Dry-land power training (principally through plyometrics) was a proficient, nonspecific method to enhance swimming block start performance (SBS; the start phase off the block and during the first 5–15 m), and jump assessment was the best predictor of SBS. Some pioneering nonspecific practices such as the acute exposure to high altitude or the maintenance of a high core temperature during the transition phase before competition seem to improve performance, although more research is required to confirm their efficacy. Further high-quality intervention studies are required to clarify the effect of DLP training on sprint swimming performance.
Semangat Jihad Dan Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama
Authors: Halimah Halimah , Aryadillah Mochamad 
Published: March 2020

Beberapa waktu lalu, sekitar tahun 2016 kita semua khususnya umat Islam dikejutkan dengan adanya kesalahan ucapan terhadap ayat suci al-Qur’an oleh gubernur DKI Jakarta “Basuki Tjahaya Purnama” alias Ahok. Ayat tersebut merupakan salah satu ayat dalam surah al-Maidah ayat 51. Karena kejadian tersebut membuat umat Islam bersama-sama bahu-membahu membela atas apa yang telah salah diucapkan oleh Ahok terhadap surah al-Maidah ayat 51. Dari kejadian tersebut, dapat diketahui bahwa perjuangan umat islam itu disebut dengan Jihad atas al-Qur’an surah al-Maidah ayat 51. Jihad sendiri merupakan sebuah perilaku yang dianjurkan, diwajibkan, bahkan disunnahkan oleh Rasulullah SAW. Istilah Jihad dalam umat Islam seringkali dipahami dengan dua pengertian. Pertama, dalam pengertian etimologis bahasa Arab yang artinya bersungguh-sungguh, dan Kedua dalam pengertian terminologis, yakni Jihad dalam konsep hukum Islam, baik didasarkan al-Qur‟an, al-sunnah, atau pun ijma’ para ulama. Makna Jihad Menurut Istilah : Dalam terminologi syar`i kata jihad mempunyai beberapa makna seperti : Suatu usaha optimal untuk memerangi orang-orang kafir. Penelitian ini mengenai konsep Jihad dan Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama yang dalam beberapa waktu lalu sempat ramai diperbincangkan. Kerukunan sendiri memiliki arti yang berbeda dengan Jihad. Kerukunan merupakan jalan hidup setiap manusia yang memiliki bagian-bagian dan tujuan tertentu yang harus dijaga bersama-sama, saling tolong menolong, toleransi, tidak saling bermusuhan dan saling menjaga satu sama lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar memahami Jihad tidak secara mutlak, karena jika Jihad diatrikan secara mutlak maka pengertian Jihad bisa sama dengan Qatl (membunuh). Dengan demikian penulis mengartikan Jihad dengan berusaha bertahan dari cobaan yang Allah berikan.