bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flip Chip Underfill RF Characterization
Authors: Paul Robert B. , Engin A. Ege , Aguirre Jerry 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To develop reliable high-speed packages, characterization of the underfill material used in the flip-chip process has become of greater importance. The underfill, typically an epoxy resin-based material, offers thermal and structural benefits for the integrated circuit (IC) on package. With so many inputs and outputs (IOs) in close proximity to one another, the integrated circuits on package can have unexpected signal and power integrity issues.
Furthermore, chip packages can support signals only up to the frequency where noise coupling (e.g., crosstalk, switching noise, etc.) leads to the malfunctioning of the system. Vertical interconnects, such as vias and solder bumps, are major sources of noise coupling. Inserting ground references between every signal net is not practical. For the solder bumps, the noise coupling depends on the permittivity of the underfill material. Therefore, characterizing the permittivity of the underfill material helps in predicting signal and power integrity issues.
Such liquid or semi-viscous materials are commonly characterized from a simple fringe capacitance model of an open-ended coaxial probe immersed in the material. The open-ended coaxial method, however, is not as accurate as resonator-based methods. There is a need for a methodology to accurately extract the permittivity of liquid or semi-viscous materials at high frequencies. The proposed method uses solid walled cavity resonators, where the resonator is filled with the underfill material and cured.
Dielectric characterization is a complex process, where the physical characteristics of the cavities must be known or accurately measured. This includes the conductivity of the conductors, roughness of the conductors, the dimensions of the cavity, and the port pin locations. This paper discusses some of the challenges that are encountered when characterizing dielectrics with cavity resonators. This characterization methodology can also be used to characterize other materials of interest.
Cu Core Column Application for Fine Pitch 3D Mounting
Authors: SUDO Hiroki , SOMA Daisuke , OKADA Hiroshi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Cu core columns, a cylindrical-shaped copper core material with Ni and solder plating, are attracting attentions as next generation joint material instead of normal solder balls, Cu core balls, and even Cu plating pillars. Cu core columns have the ability to control and maintain a consistent stand-off height, and can achieve remarkable electric and thermal conductivity because of excellent physical properties of Cu. However, it is unclear whether it can be mounted stably like normal solder balls because of its cylindrical shape. Therefore, in this paper, we set our goal to establish Cu Core Column application for next generation bumping material by examining the melting behavior, wettability of Cu core column bumps, and reliability for drop impact and thermal stress.
Semiconductor manufacturing strategy: Where in the world to locate a fab or cleanroom?
Authors: Rothrock Stephen M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The global market for advanced technology manufacturing assets is becoming ever tighter, compelling semiconductor companies, including OSATs (outsourced semiconductor assembly and test), IDMs (integrated device manufacturers), and foundries, to carefully explore all available options when planning manufacturing operations relating to fabs, tools, and cleanrooms. Despite the semiconductor industry's optimistic growth forecasts, global uncertainty generated by the continuing trade wars between the U.S. and China is causing anxiety among advanced technology companies and forcing them to constantly rethink their manufacturing strategies – buy vs. build, best fab location, risk mitigation, local incentives, etc. In 2018, semiconductor companies showed increased renewed interest in U.S.-based manufacturing in the midst of a continued lack of 200mm and 300mm capacity. As we have seen with the recent sale of Texas Instrument's 150mm / 200mm facility in Greenock, UK to Diodes Incorporated and Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation's acquisition of GLOBALFOUNDRIES' 200mm Fab E3 in Tampines, Singapore, 200mm fabs are still in very high demand and manufacturers are becoming increasingly proactive as they look to expand capacity.
In 2019, infrastructure-rich cleanroom manufacturing assets are going to continue to play an essential part in shaping these strategies to ensure global competitive advantage as more wafers are needed and more facilities are being built worldwide, particularly in China. Despite a slowdown in semiconductor mergers and acquisitions activity, the global semiconductor market will continue to consolidate as the manufacturing needs of advanced technology companies evolve with market changes. This has put a strain on manufacturing space and resulted in a number of new capital projects and expansions that may become difficult to fulfill in the current market. A shortage of existing manufacturing space means cleanrooms and operational fabs will sell at a premium. Many companies are also looking at greenfield sites with local government incentives playing an active role. Running in tandem, there is still a shortage of used and new production tools with lead times in excess of one year to purchase new fabs from OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) or equip new fabs.
Drawing on some 20 years of infrastructure-rich manufacturing asset dispositions and acquisitions as well as a series of real-world fab transaction case studies, ATREG Founder, President and CEO Stephen M. Rothrock will provide insights into how to best approach manufacturing strategy decisions in the context of today's global semiconductor landscape.
Control of Solder Bump Growing Morphology in Lead Free Plating
Authors: Weng Berdy , Liu Wei-Wei (Xenia) , Lai Lu-Ming , Chen Kuang-Hsiung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Plating Solder bump is one of the key enabling technologies for flip chip assembly methodology. Flip chip assembly has advanced to support higher levels of interconnect and small feature sizes. Electroplating is a very promising technology for finer bump features when compared with solder printing and ball mounting. Hence, the plated-solder bump morphology is quite important for process quality control and design realization. This paper aims to study the plated solder behavior from as-plated mushroom structure to after reflowed bump stage photoresist sizing. In addition, this activity will consider the full bumping process integration relative to the electroplated solder bump design rules.
On-Chip Diffusion Bonding creates Stable Interconnections Usable at Temperatures over 300°C
Authors: Richter Jessica , Steenmann Anna , Schellscheidt Benjamin , Licht Thomas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we present a conceptual design of an on-chip solder stack to connect silicon devices faster and more reliable. Almost all electronic devices rely on solder layers to provide electrical, mechanical, and thermal connections between components. We improve the solder connection with industry-standard solder parameters of 300°C and some minutes of soldering time.
An ideal solder connection is composed of intermetallic phases (IMPs) at the interfaces between device and solder, and substrate and solder. Typically, a thin region of Sn-based solder remains between the two IMP layers at the interfaces. IMPs of copper (Cu) and tin (Sn) are Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn. The formation of IMPs is decisive for a good mechanical connection because of their high melting point and mechanical stability. To achieve these requirements, we implement the solder stack as a transient liquid phase bonding (TLPB) system. To realize durable interconnections, we use the diffusion of a high-melting first component in a second component, which is liquid at solder process temperature. Ongoing diffusion leads to the formation of IMPs with a melting point above process temperature, resulting in a solidification of the connection at constant temperature. By this isothermal solidification, the solder connection becomes more durable against mechanical and thermal load and is usable at temperatures exceeding 300°C.
A High Performance Full SiC Power Module Based On a Novel Stacked DBCs Hybrid Packaging Structure
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Zhang Chi , Huang Zhizhao , Chen Cai , Luo Fang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper proposed a novel stacked DBCs hybrid package structure and designed a low inductive 1200V/120A SiC half-bridge power module based on the package structure. Using the multi-layer structure of DBC+DBC, the main loop parasitic inductance of the power module has been reduced to 1.8nH by optimizing the three-dimensional commutation loop and using the mutual inductance cancellation concept. The module was designed and fabricated, the low inductance characteristics of the module was verified by dual pulse testing and power testing. Dynamic test results show that the module can switch safely with a low overvoltage under zero ohm external drive resistance, and the switching loss is reduced by 57% compared to commercial modules.
Lateral facet growth of ice and snow – Part 1: Observations and applications to secondary habits
Authors: Nelson Jon , Swanson Brian D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Often overlooked in studies of ice growth is how the crystal facets increase in area, that is, grow laterally. This paper reports on observations and applications of such lateral facet growth for vapor-grown ice in air. Using a new crystal-growth chamber, we observed air pockets forming at crystal corners when a sublimated crystal is regrown. This observation indicates that the lateral spreading of a face can, under some conditions, extend as a thin overhang over the adjoining region. We argue that this extension is driven by a flux of surface-mobile molecules across the face to the lateral-growth front. Following the pioneering work on this topic by Akira Yamashita, we call this flux “adjoining surface transport” (AST) and the extension overgrowth “protruding growth”. Further experiments revealed other types of pockets that are difficult to explain without invoking AST and protruding growth. We develop a simple model for lateral facet growth on a tabular crystal in air, finding that AST is required to explain observations of facet spreading. Applying the AST concept to observed ice and snow crystals, we argue that AST promotes facet spreading, causes protruding growth, and alters layer nucleation rates. In particular, depending on the conditions, combinations of lateral- and normal-growth processes can help explain presently inexplicable secondary features and habits such as air pockets, small circular centers in dendrites, hollow structure, multiple-capped columns, scrolls, sheath clusters, and trigonals. For dendrites and sheaths, AST may increase their maximum dimensions and round their tips. Although these applications presently lack quantitative detail, the overall body of evidence here demonstrates that any complete model of ice growth from the vapor should include such lateral-growth processes.
Cameron Crowe’s Aloha (2015): Hollywood and American Militourism in the Pacific
Authors: Voeltz Richard A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
When Aloha was released in 2015 critics attacked the film for having a muddled plot involving the Hawaiian independence movement, traditional Hawaiian culture and religion, ethnicity, and the greed of the American military industrial complex. Partially using the evidence from the 2014 email hack of Sony Studios, I will examine Hollywood’s and Sony’s cinematic representations of Hawai’i that have been so fashioned by U.S. imperialism in the Pacific and tourism leading to the phenomenon of militourism. All of this produces in Aloha a conflicted, utopian, faux-ecological, white tourist/military version of Hawai’i that ignores the realities of the massive presence of the American military industrial complex throughout the Pacific area.
Algorithmic Regulation in Media and Cultural Policy: A Framework to Evaluate Barriers to Accountability
Authors: Hunt Robert , McKelvey Fenwick 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe word “algorithm” is best understood as a generic term for automated decision-making. Algorithms can be coded by humans or they can become self-taught through machine learning. Cultural goods and news increasingly pass through information intermediaries known as platforms that rely on algorithms to filter, rank, sort, classify, and promote information. Algorithmic content recommendation acts as an important and increasingly contentious gatekeeper. Numerous controversies around the nature of content being recommended—from disturbing children's videos to conspiracies and political misinformation—have undermined confidence in the neutrality of these systems. Amid a generational challenge for media policy, algorithmic accountability has emerged as one area of regulatory innovation. Algorithmic accountability seeks to explain automated decision-making, ultimately locating responsibility and improving the overall system. This article focuses on the technical, systemic issues related to algorithmic accountability, highlighting that deployment matters as much as development when explaining algorithmic outcomes. After outlining the challenges faced by those seeking to enact algorithmic accountability, we conclude by comparing some emerging approaches to addressing cultural discoverability by different international policymakers.
Mucus Retention Cyst of the Soft Palate in a Dog
Authors: Wainberg Shannon , Powers Barbara , Liptak Julius 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTA 10 yr old 6.6 kg (14.5 lb) castrated male Chihuahua was referred to the Alta Vista Animal Hospital for evaluation of a mass of the soft palate. The cystic structure was bluntly dissected from the soft palate submucosal tissue, and the dog recovered from surgery and anesthesia without complication. Histopathology revealed salivary tissue with a large multiloculated cyst lined by a single layer of cystic and dilated cuboidal epithelium. Follow up 7 mo after surgery revealed complete resolution of clinical signs with no evidence of local recurrence. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of a mucus retention cyst in a dog.
Carbono de biomasa microbiana influenciada por los residuos de cinco especies de abonos verdes sobre un suelo bajo uso pecuario
Authors: Colque Arispe Karina , Ruiz-Alderete David 
Published: December 2019

Se evaluó la influencia de residuos de abonos verdes (AV) sobre el Carbono (C) de la Biomasa microbiana del suelo (BMS) correspondiente a un área de uso pecuario (ganadero). El estudio fue desarrollado en el Proyecto Ganadería y Suelos del Centro de Investigación Agrícola Tropical (CIAT) Santa Cruz, Bolivia; el diseño experimental fue el de bloques completamente al azar, que contaba con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. La evaluación de la BMS fue a los 30 días de la incorporación de los residuos de las cinco especies de leguminosas empleadas como AV siendo Mucuna negra (Stizolobium aterrinum), Lab lab (Lablab purpureus), Mucuna ceniza (Stizolobium niveum), Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), Frejol de puerco (Canavalia ensiformis) y como testigo (vegetación espontánea) con el método de irradiación e incubación. Se encontró que las especies de AV tienen mayor concentración de C-BMS respecto al testigo, y entre los AV las especies de hábito rastrero son las que concentran mayor C en su BM.
n. 42 - POLÍTICAS CURRICULARES PARA ALFABETIZAÇÃO: QUESTÕES E DILEMAS A PARTIR DA BNCC
Authors: Amarante Lucilene , Moreira Jani Alves da Silva 
Published: December 2019

O texto tem como objetivo analisar a reforma atual nas políticas curriculares para o ciclo de alfabetização na educação infantil e no ensino fundamental. Para essa compreensão, o texto tangencia uma problematização a partir das proposições explicitadas na BNCC referentes às duas etapas da educação básica. Apresenta algumas propostas de encaminhamentos para implementação do documento nos municípios com o propósito de inferir algumas questões relacionadas à prática pedagógica e gestora no campo da alfabetização. Demonstra a análise dos limites e as possibilidades de um efetivo processo de efetivação do currículo visando o desenvolvimento da prática alfabetizadora a partir do trabalho de formação continuada desenvolvido com os professores, em específico, os alfabetizadores.
Using In Situ Monazite and Xenotime U-Pb Geochronology to Resolve the Fate of the “Missing” Banded Iron Formation-Hosted High-Grade Hematite Ores of the North China Craton
Authors: Li Li-Xing , Zi Jian-Wei , Meng Jie , Li Hou-Min , Rasmussen Birger , Sheppard Stephen , Wilde Simon A. , Li Yan-He 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh-grade hematite mineralization is widely developed in banded iron formations (BIFs) worldwide. However, in the North China craton where Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic BIFs are abundant, economic high-grade hematite ores are scarce. High-grade hematite ores hosted in the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun BIFs represent the largest occurrence of this type of ore in the North China craton. The orebodies are fault controlled and show sharp contacts with lower greenschist facies metamorphic BIFs. In situ U-Pb geochronology of monazite and xenotime intergrown with microplaty hematite and martite in high-grade ore established two episodes of metamorphic-hydrothermal monazite/xenotime growth after deposition of the BIFs. The earlier episode at ca. 1.94 Ga is interpreted as the timing of lower greenschist-facies metamorphism, and the later episode at 1.41 to 1.34 Ga represents the timing of high-grade hematite mineralization. Petrography and microthermometry of primary fluid inclusion assemblages indicate that the high-grade hematite ore formed from hot (313°–370°C), CO2-rich, and highly saline (~20 wt % NaCl equiv) hydrothermal fluids. These fluids channeled along faults, which concentrated iron through interaction with the BIFs—a process similar to typical hematite mineralization elsewhere. The deposition of hematite was probably related to tectonic extension in the North China craton related to the breakup of the Columbia/Nuna supercontinent. Our results challenge a previously proposed model ascribing the scarcity of high-grade hematite ores in the North China craton to the lack of prolonged weathering conditions. Rather, we argue that the high-grade ore formed in lower metamorphic-grade BIFs at shallower depths than magnetite mineralization and was largely eroded during later exhumation and uplift of the craton.
Pensando los públicos desde la educación artística y las políticas culturales
Authors: Vicci Gonzalo 
Published: December 2019

Para pensar hoy la formación de públicos en artes escénicas, resulta necesario posicionarse desde un lugar que ponga en juego algunos elementos que habitualmente se sitúan por fuera de los estudios teatrales. La educación artística y la posibilidad de colocar la atención en los sujetos que conforman los diferentes públicos, constituye un abordaje necesario al momento de pensar otras perspectivas de trabajo en relación a la producción escénica. Deberíamos entonces, poner atención en los procesos que se suceden al momento de que esas producciones se vinculan con diferentes públicos, de alguna manera subvertir las miradas y volverlas hacia esos individuos que no conocemos y que no son uniformes. Este texto intenta plantear algunas perspectivas que aportan a la reflexión en torno al diálogo entre la educación vinculada con las artes escénicas y las políticas culturales, tomando como eje la experiencia de los públicos y su relación con las producciones artísticas.
Práticas Teatrais e Resistência: entre a desrazão e a governamentalidade
Authors: Viganó Suzana Schmidt 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo levanta questões em torno do teatro como veículo de libertação e resistência política. Busca indicar como o seu potencial enquanto técnica de si e espaço de experiência foi enredado nas malhas da governamentalidade. Indica as questões que tradicionalmente se direcionam ao trabalho artístico como prática pedagógica, procurando refletir sobre as linhas de força que constituem os embates entre poder e liberdade. Concentra-se na experiência do coletivo paulista II Trupe de Choque, em sua residência artística no Hospital Psiquiátrico Pinel, refletindo sobre as formas de resistência e contraconduta gestadas nesse processo.
Distritos 2.217: um processo de drama com adolescentes
Authors: Menegaz Wellington 
Published: December 2019

Nesse artigo apresento reflexões do processo de drama Distritos 2.217. Essa prática foi realizada no ano de 2017 pelo subprojeto Teatro do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência PIBID da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, com estudantes dos nonos anos do ensino fundamental de uma Escola Municipal de Uberlândia (MG). Partindo da premissa que é possível e necessário trabalhar política, teatro e sociedade em processos artísticos e pedagógicos com adolescentes, a pergunta que permeia essa escrita é: como desenvolver uma prática artística que destaque o olhar dos adolescentes para questões políticas que os atravessam?
Presença e inacabamento: aproximações entre a dança e o pensamento crítico de Paulo Freire
Authors: Peretta Eden Silva 
Published: December 2019

O presente ensaio busca gerar zonas de intersecção entre dimensões centrais do pensamento do revolucionário educador brasileiro Paulo Freire, protagonista da Pedadogia do Oprimido, e alguns procedimentos contemporâneos de criação no campo da dança. Essas sobreposições permitem assim o desenho de uma perspectiva crítica que fundamenta outras relações possíveis entre o corpo e a sociedade, ao reivindicar uma corporeidade fluida, politizada e historicizada. A investigação do gesto e da materialidade do corpo na dança, colaboram assim para uma problematização dos paradigmas fundamentais de nossas sociedades modernas ocidentalizadas.
Cine Teatro Capitólio em Porto Alegre, templo de arte dramática, lugar de memória
Authors: Axt Gunter 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo analisa aspectos da trajetória do Cine-Theatro Capitólio, inaugurado em 1928, em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, e hoje convertido em um centro de cultura, a Cinemateca Capitólio Fundacine-Petrobrás. O artigo relaciona a evolução arquitetônica do prédio ao longo do tempo e seus diversos usos com uma síntese da história do cinema e da organização urbana do perímetro central de Porto Alegre. O antigo palácio de cinema hoje reencontra sua vocação como lugar de memória.
Enfrentamentos permanentes em ativismos artísticos
Authors: Pedroni Roberta , Vieira Marcilio de Souza 
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo propõe-se a discutir a importância e urgência das ações artivistas nos tempos atuais, especialmente no que se refere à dança. Para tanto, lançamos mão da categoria “hegemonia” nos termos propostos pelo pensador marxista italiano Antônio Gramsci, além da ideia de política como o diálogo entre o privado e o público, através da negociação da diversidade e em busca da liberdade/emancipação dos sujeitos, o texto traz reflexões sobre as possíveis potências ativistas da arte e, ao mesmo tempo, as alterações que esta pode sofrer pelos direcionamentos ativistas que a atravessam. Nesse caminho, a pesquisa revela um cenário complexo, móvel e frutífero na relação entre arte e política, de fazeres e dizeres diversos, em que a arte, sofrendo rebatimentos e tensionamentos da política, também os produz, criando espaços que potencializam sua natureza contra hegemônica.