bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioassessment of benthic macroinvertebrates in wetlands: a paired comparison of two standardized sampling protocols
Authors: Hanisch Justin R. , Connor Stephanie J. , Scrimgeour Garry J. , Cobbaert Danielle 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe compared a rapid bioassessment protocol (Traveling Sweep Approach [TSA]) with a more conventional time intensive protocol (Composite Transect Approach [CTA]) to describe macroinvertebrates in wetlands in Alberta, Canada. We collected one macroinvertebrate sample using each protocol from 16 wetlands and compared abundance, catch per unit effort, and relative abundance between sample protocols. We also quantified and compared the logistics required to implement each protocol. The macroinvertebrate communities differed statistically between protocols for all three response variables; however, the differences were generally small and communities similar. The CTA protocol tended to yield higher variability in the samples, likely driven by the way these samples are collected and composited, which may introduce an unwanted source of variation when the primary monitoring objective is to assess effects of human activities over time and between sites. The CTA protocol also required significantly greater investment of time (ca. 50% greater processing time), money (ca. 1.9 times sample processing cost), and resources to execute (e.g., requirement for watercraft). Both protocols provided adequate characterization of macroinvertebrate communities in wetlands, but differences in variability and resources for deployment and processing are important considerations when choosing a sampling protocol. The rapid time-limited sweep protocol (TSA) appears to be a viable monitoring approach given that macroinvertebrate communities identified by each protocol were relatively similar but were collected using the TSA protocol at a lower cost.
Review of concepts in therapeutic decision-making in HER2-negative luminal metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Alvarez-Lopez I. , Bezares S. , Dalmau Portulas E. , García-Martínez E. , García-Sáenz J. Á. , Gil-Gil M. , Martínez de Dueñas E. , Ribelles N. , Santaballa Bertrán A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeHormone receptor (HR)-positive, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) requires a therapeutic approach that takes into account multiple factors, with treatment being based on anti-estrogen hormone therapy (HT). As consensus documents are valuable tools that assist in the decision-making process for establishing clinical strategies and optimize the delivery of health services, this consensus document has been created with the aim of developing recommendations on cretiera for hormone sensitivity and resistance in HER2-negative luminal MBC and facilitating clinical decision-making.MethodsThis consensus document was generated using a modification of the RAND/UCLA methodology, which included the definition of the project and identification of issues of interest, a non-exhaustive systematic review of the literature, an analysis and synthesis of the scientific evidence, preparation of recommendations, and external evaluation with a panel of 64 medical oncologists specializing in breast cancer.ResultsA Spanish panel of experts reached consensus on 32 of the 32 recommendations/conclusions presented in the first round and were accepted with an approval rate of 100% about definition of metastatic disease not susceptible to local curative treatment, definition of hormone sensitivity and hormone resistance in metastatic luminal disease and therapeutic decision-making.ConclusionWe have developed a consensus document with recommendations on the treatment of patients with HER2-negative luminal MBC that will help to improve therapeutic benefits.
Geometric Properties of Measures Related to Holomorphic Functions Having Positive Imaginary or Real Part
Authors: Luger Annemarie , Nedic Mitja 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the properties of a certain class of Borel measures on $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

that arise in the integral representation of Herglotz–Nevanlinna functions. In particular, we find that restrictions to certain hyperplanes are of a surprisingly simple form and show that the supports of such measures cannot lie within particular geometric regions, e.g., strips with positive slope. Corresponding results are derived for measures on the unit poly-torus with vanishing mixed Fourier coefficients. These measures are closely related to functions mapping the unit polydisk analytically into the right half-plane.
Radiation Oncology Training in Poland: Multi-institutional Survey
Authors: Napieralska Aleksandra , Tomasik Bartłomiej , Spałek Mateusz , Chyrek Artur , Fijuth Jacek 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo evaluate the quality of radiation oncology training in Poland and to identify difficulties and needs of radiation oncology trainees (ROTs), an anonymous online survey using Google Forms was conducted in November 2018. All ROTs from Poland (n = 154) were invited to complete the survey. The survey consisted of 30 questions and regarded aspects such as satisfaction from training, cooperation with the supervisor, and education. During the study period, 105 ROTs from 22 Polish cities responded (the response rate was 68%). Almost 85% were satisfied with the choice of specialty, 43% with training and 81% with the teaching place. Clinical cooperation with the supervisor was described as difficult by 25%. With education, 38% of responders experienced obstacles and another 25% stated that educational cooperation with their supervisor was none. “Good practice” understood as treatment according to the latest guidelines or internal protocols were reported by 71%. Obligatory traineeships were shorter than recommended according to 67% of the responders, usually due to shortage of medical staff. Almost two-thirds of ROTs work only in clinics, while 34% perform both clinical and scientific work. The responders suggested that the introduction of organ-specified courses is an appropriate modification of the current program. Noteworthy, current diagnostic imaging and physics courses are not sufficient for the majority of participants (81% and 80%, respectively). Radiation oncology training is conducted relatively well in Poland. Some hospitals need to improve clinical and educational cooperation between trainees and their supervisors.
Women and Gender in the Mines: Challenging Masculinity Through History: An Introduction
Authors: Romano Rossana Barragán , Papastefanaki Leda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe role of women as mineworkers and as household workers has been erased. Here, we challenge the masculinity associated with the mines, taking a longer-term and a global labour history perspective. We foreground the importance of women as mineworkers in different parts of the world since the early modern period and analyse the changes introduced in coal mining in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the masculinization and mechanization, and the growing importance of women in contemporary artisanal and small-scale mining. The effect of protective laws and the exclusion of women from underground tasks was to restrict women's work more to the household, which played a pivotal role in mining communities but is insufficiently recognized. This process of “de-labourization” of women's work was closely connected with the distinction between productive and unproductive labour. This introductory article therefore centres on the important work carried out in the household by women and children. Finally, we present the three articles in this Special Theme and discuss how each of them is in dialogue with the topics addressed here. Many thanks also to Marie-José Spreeuwenberg for her invaluable engagement.
Social structure and demography of a remnant Asian elephantElephas maximuspopulation and the implications for survival
Authors: Hale Lauren J. , Shi Kun , Gilbert Tania C. , Peh Kelvin S.-H. , Riordan Philip 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Asian elephantElephas maximusis at risk of extinction as a result of anthropogenic pressures, and remaining populations are often small and fragmented remnants, occupying a fraction of the species' former range. Once widely distributed across China, only a maximum of 245 elephants are estimated to survive across seven small populations. We assessed the Asian elephant population in Nangunhe National Nature Reserve in Lincang Prefecture, China, using camera traps during May–July 2017, to estimate the population size and structure of this genetically important population. Although detection probability was low (0.31), we estimated a total population size of c. 20 individuals, and an effective density of 0.39 elephants per km2. Social structure indicated a strong sex ratio bias towards females, with only one adult male detected within the population. Most of the elephants associated as one herd but three adult females remained separate from the herd throughout the trapping period. These results highlight the fragility of remnant elephant populations such as Nangunhe and we suggest options such as a managed metapopulation approach for their continued survival in China and more widely.
Inhibitory components of retinal bipolar cell receptive fields are differentially modulated by dopamine D1 receptors
Authors: Mazade Reece E. , Eggers Erika D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDuring adaptation to an increase in environmental luminance, retinal signaling adjustments are mediated by the neuromodulator dopamine. Retinal dopamine is released with light and can affect center-surround receptive fields, the coupling state between neurons, and inhibitory pathways through inhibitory receptors and neurotransmitter release. While the inhibitory receptive field surround of bipolar cells becomes narrower and weaker during light adaptation, it is unknown how dopamine affects bipolar cell surrounds. If dopamine and light have similar effects, it would suggest that dopamine could be a mechanism for light-adapted changes. We tested the hypothesis that dopamine D1 receptor activation is sufficient to elicit the magnitude of light-adapted reductions in inhibitory bipolar cell surrounds. Surrounds were measured from OFF bipolar cells in dark-adapted mouse retinas while stimulating D1 receptors, which are located on bipolar, horizontal, and inhibitory amacrine cells. The D1 agonist SKF-38393 narrowed and weakened OFF bipolar cell inhibitory receptive fields but not to the same extent as with light adaptation. However, the receptive field surround reductions differed between the glycinergic and GABAergic components of the receptive field. GABAergic inhibitory strength was reduced only at the edges of the surround, while glycinergic inhibitory strength was reduced across the whole receptive field. These results expand the role of retinal dopamine to include modulation of bipolar cell receptive field surrounds. Additionally, our results suggest that D1 receptor pathways may be a mechanism for the light-adapted weakening of glycinergic surround inputs and the furthest wide-field GABAergic inputs to bipolar cells. However, remaining differences between light-adapted and D1 receptor–activated inhibition demonstrate that non-D1 receptor mechanisms are necessary to elicit the full effect of light adaptation on inhibitory surrounds.
MUSIC, MORALITY AND SYMPATHY IN THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLISH SERMON
Authors: LEE JONATHAN RHODES 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTWhile the furrows of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century religious writing on music have been deeply ploughed, eighteenth-century English sermons about music have received relatively slight scholarly attention. This article demonstrates that the ideas of sympathy and sensibility characteristic of so much eighteenth-century thought are vital to understanding these sermons. There is an evolution in this literature of the notion of sympathy and its link to musical morality, a development in the attitude towards music among clergy, with this art of sympathetic vibrations receiving ever higher approbation during the century's middle decades. By the time that Adam Smith was articulating hisTheory of Moral Sentiments(1759) and Handel's oratorios stood as a fixture of English musical life, religious thinkers had cast off old concerns about music's sensuality. They came to embrace a philosophy that accepted music as moral simply because it made humankind feel, and in turn accepted feeling as the root of all sociable experience. This understanding places the music sermon of the eighteenth century within the context of some of the most discussed philosophical, social, literary, musical and moral-aesthetic concepts of the time.
MUSICAL EXPRESSION: LESSONS FROM THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY?
Authors: VARWIG BETTINA 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThis article outlines a number of potential contributions that a consideration of early eighteenth-century conceptions of musical expressivity might make to certain present-day philosophical and psychological accounts of musical emotions and their expression. Taking as its central case study a performance by Christian Gerhaher in Peter Sellars's 2014 staging of J. S. Bach'sSt John Passion, the article calls for closer attention to both the historical specifics of music's expressive capacities and the corporeal dimension of performance (past and present). It argues that a more sustained engagement with these domains can productively complicate some fundamental assumptions that underpin current approaches to musical expression.
Dual energy metabolism of the Campylobacterota endosymbiont in the chemosynthetic snail Alviniconcha marisindica
Authors: Miyazaki Junichi , Ikuta Tetsuro , Watsuji Tomo-o , Abe Mariko , Yamamoto Masahiro , Nakagawa Satoshi , Takaki Yoshihiro , Nakamura Kentaro , Takai Ken 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Some deep-sea chemosynthetic invertebrates and their symbiotic bacteria can use molecular hydrogen (H2) as their energy source. However, how much the chemosynthetic holobiont (endosymbiont-host association) physiologically depends on H2 oxidation has not yet been determined. Here, we demonstrate that the Campylobacterota endosymbionts of the gastropod Alviniconcha marisindica in the Kairei and Edmond fields (kAlv and eAlv populations, respectively) of the Indian Ocean, utilize H2 in response to their physical and environmental H2 conditions, although the 16S rRNA gene sequence of both the endosymbionts shared 99.6% identity. A thermodynamic calculation using in situ H2 and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations indicated that chemosynthetic symbiosis could be supported by metabolic energy via H2 oxidation, particularly for the kAlv holobiont. Metabolic activity measurements showed that both the living individuals and the gill tissues consumed H2 and H2S at similar levels. Moreover, a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization, quantitative transcript analyses, and enzymatic activity measurements showed that the kAlv endosymbiont expressed the genes and enzymes for both H2- and sulfur-oxidations. These results suggest that both H2 and H2S could serve as the primary energy sources for the kAlv holobiont. The eAlv holobiont had the ability to utilize H2, but the gene expression and enzyme activity for hydrogenases were much lower than for sulfur-oxidation enzymes. These results suggest that the energy acquisitions of A. marisindica holobionts are dependent on H2- and sulfur-oxidation in the H2-enriched Kairei field and that the mechanism of dual metabolism is controlled by the in situ H2 concentration.
Advanced tsunami detection and forecasting by radar on unconventional airborne observing platforms
Authors: Mulia Iyan E. , Hirobe Tomoyuki , Inazu Daisuke , Endoh Takahiro , Niwa Yoshihiro , Gusman Aditya Riadi , Tatehata Hidee , Waseda Takuji , Hibiya Toshiyuki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSustaining an accurate, timely, and global tsunami forecast system remains a challenge for scientific communities. To this end, various viable geophysical monitoring devices have been deployed. However, it is difficult to implement new observation networks in other regions and maintaining the existing systems is costly. This study proposes a new and complementary approach to monitoring the tsunami using existing moving platforms. The proposed system consists of a radar altimeter, Global Navigation Satellite Systems receiver, and an adequate communication link on airborne platforms such as commercial airplanes, drones, or dedicated high-speed aircraft, and a data assimilation module with a deterministic model. We demonstrated, through twin-data experiment, the feasibility of the proposed system in forecasting tsunami at the Nankai Trough of Japan. Our results demonstrated the potential of an airborne tsunami observation as a viable future technology through proxy observations and rigorous numerical experiments. The wide coverage of the tsunamigenic regions without a new observation network is an advantage while various regulatory constraints need to be overcome. This study offered a novel perspective on the developments in tsunami detection and forecasting technology. Such multi-purpose observation using existing platforms provides a promising and practical solution in establishing sustainable observational networks.
DNA methylation landscape of triple-negative ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) progressing to the invasive stage in canine breast cancer
Authors: Beetch Megan , Harandi-Zadeh Sadaf , Yang Tony , Boycott Cayla , Chen Yihang , Stefanska Barbara , Mohammed Sulma I. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer unresponsive to traditional receptor-targeted treatments, leading to a disproportionate number of deaths. Invasive breast cancer is believed to evolve from non-invasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Detection of triple-negative DCIS (TN-DCIS) is challenging, therefore strategies to study molecular events governing progression of pre-invasive TN-DCIS to invasive TNBC are needed. Here, we study a canine TN-DCIS progression and investigate the DNA methylation landscape of normal breast tissue, atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), DCIS and invasive breast cancer. We report hypo- and hypermethylation of genes within functional categories related to cancer such as transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, signal transduction, and cell migration. DNA methylation changes associated with cancer-related genes become more pronounced at invasive breast cancer stage. Importantly, we identify invasive-only and DCIS-specific DNA methylation alterations that could potentially determine which lesions progress to invasive cancer and which could remain as pre-invasive DCIS. Changes in DNA methylation during TN-DCIS progression in this canine model correspond with gene expression patterns in human breast tissues. This study provides evidence for utilizing methylation status of gene candidates to define late-stage (DCIS and invasive), invasive stage only or DCIS stage only of TN-DCIS progression.
Migration and transformation of cadmium in rice - soil under different nitrogen sources in polymetallic sulfide mining areas
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Zhang Xuexia , Lv Shuji , Shi Lei , Wang Rongping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe conducted pot experiments to assess the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in contaminated rhizosphere soil and accumulation in rice organs in response to nitrogen (N) supply ((NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, NH4Cl). The results showed that the concentration of bioavailable Cd in rice rhizosphere soil was (NH4)2SO4 treatment > NH4Cl treatment > NH4NO3 treatment at the same level of N application and growth period; the Cd concentration in rice roots was (NH4)2SO4 treatment > NH4NO3 treatment > NH4Cl treatment; and the Cd concentration in rice straw was NH4NO3 treatment > NH4Cl. The Cd concentration in rice roots, straws, and seeds at the maturity stage was (NH4)2SO4 treatment > NH4Cl treatment. With the same N fertilizer, excessive N promoted Cd accumulation in rice at later growth stages. This suggested that sulfate (SO42−) influenced Cd concentration in rice. NH4Cl application maintained a low Cd level in different rice organs with the same N level. This confirmed that NH4Cl is a safe N source for rice planting in polymetallic sulfide mining areas. The study concludes that appropriate NH4Cl levels for Cd-contaminated paddy soil with high-S-content could obtain rice grains with Cd concentrations below the food safety standards (0.2 or 0.4 mg·kg−1).
Precision wearable accelerometer contact microphones for longitudinal monitoring of mechano-acoustic cardiopulmonary signals
Authors: Gupta Pranav , Moghimi Mohammad J. , Jeong Yaesuk , Gupta Divya , Inan Omer T. , Ayazi Farrokh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMechano-acoustic signals emanating from the heart and lungs contain valuable information about the cardiopulmonary system. Unobtrusive wearable sensors capable of monitoring these signals longitudinally can detect early pathological signatures and titrate care accordingly. Here, we present a wearable, hermetically-sealed high-precision vibration sensor that combines the characteristics of an accelerometer and a contact microphone to acquire wideband mechano-acoustic physiological signals, and enable simultaneous monitoring of multiple health factors associated with the cardiopulmonary system including heart and respiratory rate, heart sounds, lung sounds, and body motion and position of an individual. The encapsulated accelerometer contact microphone (ACM) utilizes nano-gap transducers to achieve extraordinary sensitivity in a wide bandwidth (DC-12 kHz) with high dynamic range. The sensors were used to obtain health factors of six control subjects with varying body mass index, and their feasibility in detection of weak mechano-acoustic signals such as pathological heart sounds and shallow breathing patterns is evaluated on patients with preexisting conditions.
Aqueous pKa prediction for tautomerizable compounds using equilibrium bond lengths
Authors: Caine Beth A. , Bronzato Maddalena , Fraser Torquil , Kidley Nathan , Dardonville Christophe , Popelier Paul L. A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe accurate prediction of aqueous pKavalues for tautomerizable compounds is a formidable task, even for the most established in silico tools. Empirical approaches often fall short due to a lack of pre-existing knowledge of dominant tautomeric forms. In a rigorous first-principles approach, calculations for low-energy tautomers must be performed in protonated and deprotonated forms, often both in gas and solvent phases, thus representing a significant computational task. Here we report an alternative approach, predicting pKavalues for herbicide/therapeutic derivatives of 1,3-cyclohexanedione and 1,3-cyclopentanedione to within just 0.24 units. A model, using a single ab initio bond length from one protonation state, is as accurate as other more complex regression approaches using more input features, and outperforms the program Marvin. Our approach can be used for other tautomerizable species, to predict trends across congeneric series and to correct experimental pKavalues.