bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dreams within a dream: Multiple visions and organizational structure
Authors: Lewis Alexander , Clark Jonathan 
Published: November 2019

SummaryResearch has long recognized the potential benefits of vision communicated at all levels of organizations. Despite this recognition, our understanding of the dynamics surrounding suborganizational visions remains limited. In this paper, we aim to explore these dynamics by investigating the role of organizational structure in the use of suborganizational visions. Although research has begun exploring the implications of structure for vision, it has done so on a limited basis in the context of vertical hierarchies. We take a more comprehensive view, exploring the role of both vertical and horizontal dimensions of structure, with specific interest in the relationship between organizational and suborganizational visions. Our findings suggest not only that structural distance moderates the relationship between organizational and suborganizational visions but also that horizontal distance from the organizational core provides the conditions under which suborganizational units communicate distinct visions that are decoupled from the organizational vision. Furthermore, we find a series of coordinating mechanisms that serve to encourage both the vertical nesting and horizontal complementarity of visions, ensuring alignment, even in the presence of decoupling from the organizational vision. Finally, in describing these findings, we elucidate the role of institutions in both providing content for and ensuring the complementarity of suborganizational visions.
Investigating aroma diversity combining purge‐and‐trap, comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry
Authors: Franchina Flavio Antonio , Zanella Delphine , Lazzari Eliane , Stefanuto Pierre‐Hugues , Focant Jean‐François 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeadspace gas chromatography is frequently used for aroma profiling thanks to its ability to naturally exploit the volatility of aroma compounds, and also to provide chemical information on sample composition. Its main advantages rely on simplicity, no use of solvent, amenability to automation, and the cleanliness of the extract. In the present contribution, the most effective sampling (dynamic extraction), separation (multidimensional gas chromatography), and detection (mass spectrometry) techniques for untargeted analysis are exploited in combination, showing their potential in unraveling aroma profiles in fruit beers. To complete the overall analytical process, a neat workflow for data analysis is discussed and used for the successful characterization and identification of five different beer flavors (berries, cherry, banana, apple, and peach). From the technical viewpoint, the coupling of purge‐and‐trap, comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry makes the global methodology unique, and it is for the first time discussed. A (low‐)flow modulation approach allowed for the full transfer into the second dimension with mass‐spectrometry compatible flow (< 7 mL/min), avoiding the need of splitting before detection and making the overall method sensitive (1.2–5.2‐fold higher signal to noise ratio compared to unmodulated gas chromatography conditions) and selective.
Triazine‐based organic polymers@SiO2 nanospheres for sensitive solid‐phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Li Chunying , Sun Min , Ji Xiangping , Han Sen , Feng Jiaqing , Guo Wenjuan , Feng Juanjuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTriazine‐based organic polymers@SiO2 nanospheres were prepared and applied as an extraction coating onto stainless steel wires and the wires were filled into polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. Taking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as targets, main factors affecting extraction performance of the tube were investigated through coupling to high performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimum conditions, an online analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established with large linear ranges (0.010‐20 µg/L), low limits of detection (0.003‐0.010 µg/L), high enrichment factors (533‐2954), and good repeatability (relative standard deviations <1.7% for intraday test, <5.0% for interday test). The analysis method was successfully applied to the detection of trace targets in real water samples and the relative recoveries ranged from 82.9 to 119.9%, which demonstrated the applicability of extraction tube in sample preparation.
Is Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography Helpful in Screening for d‐Transposition of the Great Arteries?
Authors: Huang Chao , Zhao Bo Wen , Chen Ran , Pang Hai Su , Pan Mei , Peng Xiao Hui , Wang Bei 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the performance of fetal intelligent navigation echocardiography (FINE) applied to spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) volumes in generating 3 specific abnormal cardiac views (left ventricular outflow tract, right ventricular outflow tract, and 3‐vessel and trachea) used to screen for d‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA).MethodsIn this prospective study, 1 or more STIC volumes were obtained from the 4‐chamber view in 34 second‐ and third‐trimester fetuses with d‐TGA. Each appropriate STIC volume was evaluated by STICLoop (Samsung Medison, Seoul, Korea) before applying the FINE method. One optimal volume per fetus was selected by observers. The visualization rates of the 3 specific abnormal cardiac views of d‐TGA and their diagnostic elements were calculated, and the reliability between 2 observers was verified by the intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsFetal intelligent navigation echocardiography applied to STIC volume data sets of fetuses with d‐TGA successfully generated the 3 specific abnormal cardiac views in the following manner for 2 observers: 75.0% (n = 21) for the left ventricular outflow tract, 89.2% (n = 25) for the right ventricular outflow tract, and 85.7% (n = 24) for the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Twenty‐four (85.7%) of the STIC volume data sets showed 2 or 3 of the abnormal cardiac views. The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients between the 2 observers ranged from 0.842 to 1.000 (95% confidence interval), indicating almost perfect reliability for the 2 observers.ConclusionsIn cases of d‐TGA, the FINE method has a high success rate in generating 3 specific abnormal cardiac views and therefore can be performed to screen for this congenital defect.
Melatonin for Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson's disease: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Gilat Moran , Coeytaux Jackson Alessandra , Marshall Nathaniel S. , Hammond Deborah , Mullins Anna E. , Hall Julie M. , Fang Bernard A.M. , Yee Brendon J. , Wong Keith K.H. , Grunstein Ron R. , Lewis Simon J. G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundMelatonin may reduce REM‐sleep behavior disorder (RBD) symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), though robust clinical trials are lacking.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of prolonged‐release (PR) melatonin for RBD in PD.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group trial with an 8‐week intervention and 4‐week observation pre‐ and postintervention (ACTRN12613000648729). Thirty PD patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder were randomized to 4 mg of prolonged‐release melatonin (Circadin) or matched placebo, ingested orally once‐daily before bedtime. Primary outcome was the aggregate of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder incidents averaged over weeks 5 to 8 of treatment captured by a weekly diary. Data were included in a mixed‐model analysis of variance (n = 15 per group).ResultsNo differences between groups at the primary endpoint (3.4 events/week melatonin vs. 3.6 placebo; difference, 0.2; 95% confidence interval = −3.2 to 3.6; P = 0.92). Adverse events included mild headaches, fatigue, and morning sleepiness (n = 4 melatonin; n = 5 placebo).ConclusionProlonged‐release melatonin 4 mg did not reduce rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in PD. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Dual‐polarized frequency‐selective absorber with wide transmission band
Authors: Han Ye , Xu Longjie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA dual‐polarized frequency‐selective absorber (FSA) with wide transmission band is proposed and designed. First, a three‐layered antenna‐filter‐antenna structure is designed to construct a wide passband. Then, a lossy resonator is introduced to achieve the absorption properties. Therefore, the resultant FSA can achieve one wide passband in higher frequencies and one absorptive band at lower frequencies, and thus can be applied as a radome of an antenna system. In the transmission band (3.51‐5.33 GHz), the signal can transmit through the absorber. Meanwhile, in the absorption band (1.67‐3.10 GHz), the coming wave is absorbed to reduce the radar cross section of the antenna. The total thickness of the FSA is less than 0.1λ
L at the lowest operating frequency.
2.4 GHz wide‐bandwidth inverted‐F antenna for capsule endoscope
Authors: Baek Jong J. , Kim Se W. , Kim Youn T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article presents an inverted‐F antenna for a capsule endoscope. The antenna presented operates within the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical band, and has a wide bandwidth of 151 MHz with an antenna gain of −3.13 dBi. The antenna has a ring shape, and thus the antenna does not obstruct the view of the camera used for a capsule endoscope. The proposed antenna has an advantage in that it can be applied for a capsule endoscope supporting bidirectional photography, and the performance of the antenna is affected less by human tissue.
Sensitivity of fiber‐based modalmetric devices intended for optical detection of acoustic signals
Authors: Freitas Taiane A. M. G. , Silva Viviane H. , Ribeiro Ricardo M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe basic structure of fiber‐based modalmetric devices consists of a single‐mode fiber (SMF) spliced to a sensitive multimode fiber (s‐MMF) strand. The aim of this article, is to show and compare the sensitivity measurement results amongst of distinct implementations of lumped multimode interference fiber‐optic reflecting (R‐MMI) and transmitting (T‐MMI) modalmetric detectors, and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) device, each one working as uncalibrated detector of ultrasound acoustic‐signals. All experiments were performed at 42.9 kHz carrier frequency and most of them were at 1551.5 nm wavelength. In all cases, the interaction length of the s‐MMF for a single traveling was kept at 50 mm and the fiber ends of R‐MMI samples were not mirrored. The sensitivity was observed to increase when: the modalmetric device was used instead of the FBG; the core diameter of s‐MMF was increased from 50 μm to 62.5 μm; the SMF/s‐MMF connection was angularly misaligned from 0° to 8°; the feeding optical power level was increased; the interaction length of s‐MMF was doubled and the wavelength probe was reduced from 1551.5 nm to 1520 nm. The dependence of the modalmetric devices' transmission with the length of the s‐MMF and wavelength was numerically calculated. It was concluded that modalmetric devices are highly sensitive and can be further improved yet, but have a stochastic nature in their present implementation.
Gute wissenschaftliche Praxis: Sei frei und glücklich
Authors: Seidl‐Nigsch Markus 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBei Ethik in der Wissenschaft geht es um mehr als um das, was ein Forscher im Labor tut und wie. Staunen, Ehrfurcht, Sorgfalt und innere Distanz charakterisieren das wissenschaftliche Ethos. Warum ist das so?
Hochschullehre: Anleiten, beraten, begleiten
Authors: Lindenstruth Philipp 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMasterstudenten und Doktoranden, die als Assistenten Studierende in den Laborpraktika betreuen, werden in der Regel nicht speziell auf ihre Aufgaben vorbereitet. An der Universität Marburg hat sich das nun geändert.
Jahrestagung der Chinesischen Chemiker in Deutschland
Authors: Liu Wenlan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAnfang Mai fand die 31. Jahrestagung der Gemeinschaft Chinesischer Chemiker und Chemieingenieure in Deutschland (Chinese German Chemical Association, CGCA) im Helmholtz‐Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ) in Leipzig statt. An der zweitägigen Veranstaltung beteiligten sich etwa 70 Wissenschaftler aus der Chemie und angrenzenden Forschungsgebieten. Organisiert wurde die Tagung von der CGCA und dem UFZ, finanziell unterstützten Unternehmen wie Eutech‐Consulting, Springer, Sinojobs, Jindun‐Chemie, das Institut für Bioenergie und Bioverfahrenstechnik der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Qingdao, die Universität Schanghai, AcaBridge.edu.cn sowie die Bildungsabteilung der chinesischen Botschaft in Deutschland.
Serotonin Prevents Differentiation of Brown Adipocytes by Interfering with Their Clock
Authors: Rozenblit‐Susan Sigal , Chapnik Nava , Froy Oren 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveSerotonin was shown to interfere with the differentiation of brown adipocytes. In addition, clock components inhibit brown adipogenesis through direct transcriptional control of key components of the transforming growth factor β pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serotonin abrogates brown adipogenesis by affecting clock functionality.MethodsNondifferentiated and differentiated HIB1B brown adipocytes were treated with serotonin, and their clock expression and functionality and differentiation state were examined.ResultsNondifferentiated HIB1B brown adipocytes treated with serotonin showed increased brown adipocyte markers alongside increased brain‐muscle Arnt‐like protein 1 (Bmal1) and RAR related orphan receptor A (Rora) but decreased nuclear receptor Rev‐erbα mRNA levels. BMAL1 overexpression together with serotonin led to significantly lower brown adipocyte markers. Serotonin in the differentiation cocktail led to reduced brown adipocyte markers as well as clock gene expression. After differentiation, serotonin treatment significantly decreased brown adipocyte markers and reduced BMAL1 and RORα but increased REV‐ERBα protein levels. Addition of serotonin to the differentiation medium or addition after differentiation reduced activity of calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma, which interferes with circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput (CLOCK):BMAL1 dimerization and transactivation.ConclusionsClock expression is required at the early stages of differentiation to brown adipocytes, and serotonin interferes with this process by modulating clock functionality. Serotonin interferes with clock functionality by reducing the levels of the active form of calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma.
Childhood Obesity and the Food Environment: A Population‐Based Sample of Public School Children in New York City
Authors: Elbel Brian , Tamura Kosuke , McDermott Zachary T. , Wu Erilia , Schwartz Amy Ellen 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the relationship between proximity to healthy and unhealthy food outlets around children’s homes and their weight outcomes.MethodsA total of 3,507,542 student‐year observations of height and weight data from the 2009‐2013 annual FitnessGram assessment of New York City public school students were used. BMI z scores were calculated, student obesity or obesity/overweight was determined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, and these data were combined with the locations of four food outlet types (fast‐food restaurants, wait‐service restaurants, corner stores, and supermarkets) to calculate distance to the nearest outlet. Associations between weight status outcomes and distance to these food outlet types were examined using neighborhood (census tract) fixed effects.ResultsLiving farther than 0.025 mile (about half of a city block) from the nearest fast‐food restaurant was associated with lower obesity and obesity/overweight risk and lower BMI z scores. Results ranged from 2.5% to 4.4% decreased obesity. Beyond this distance, there were generally no impacts of the food environment and little to no impact of other food outlet types.ConclusionsProximity to fast‐food restaurants was inversely related to childhood obesity, but no relationships beyond that were seen. These findings can help better inform policies focused on food access, which could, in turn, reduce childhood obesity.
Prostate epithelial‐specific expression of activated PI3K drives stromal collagen production and accumulation
Authors: Wegner Kyle A , Mueller Brett R , Unterberger Christopher J , Avila Enrique J , Ruetten Hannah , Turco Anne E , Oakes Steven R , Girardi Nicholas M , Halberg Richard B , Swanson Steven M , Marker Paul C , Vezina Chad M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe genetically engineered expression of an activated form of P110 alpha, the catalytic subunit of PI3K, in mouse prostate epithelium to create a mouse model of direct PI3K activation (Pbsn‐cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+). We hypothesized that direct activation would cause rapid neoplasia and cancer progression. Pbsn‐cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+ mice developed widespread prostate intraepithelial hyperplasia, but stromal invasion was limited and overall progression was slower than anticipated. However, the model produced profound and progressive stromal remodeling prior to explicit epithelial neoplasia. Increased stromal cellularity and inflammatory infiltrate were evident as early as 4 months of age and progressively increased through 12 months of age, the terminal endpoint of this study. Prostatic collagen density and phosphorylated SMAD2‐positive prostatic stromal cells were expansive and accumulated with age, consistent with pro‐fibrotic TGF‐β pathway activation. Few reported mouse models accumulate prostate‐specific collagen to the degree observed in Pbsn‐cre4Prb;PI3KGOF/+. Our results indicate a signaling process beginning with prostatic epithelial PI3K and TGF‐β signaling that drives prostatic stromal hypertrophy and collagen accumulation. These mice afford a unique opportunity to explore molecular mechanisms of prostatic collagen accumulation that is relevant to cancer progression, metastasis, inflammation and urinary dysfunction. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of histatin 5 modifications on antifungal activity and kinetics of proteolysis
Authors: Ikonomova Svetlana P. , Moghaddam‐Taaheri Parisa , Wang Yan , Doolin Mary T. , Stroka Kimberly M. , Hube Bernhard , Karlsson Amy J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHistatin 5 (Hst‐5) is an antimicrobial peptide with strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogen that is a common cause of oral thrush. The peptide is natively secreted by human salivary glands and shows promise as an alternative therapeutic against infections caused by C. albicans. However, Hst‐5 can be cleaved and inactivated by a family of secreted aspartic proteases (Saps) produced by C. albicans. Single‐residue substitutions can significantly affect the proteolytic resistance of Hst‐5 to Saps and its antifungal activity; the K17R substitution increases resistance to proteolysis, while the K11R substitution enhances antifungal activity. In this work, we showed that the positive effects of these two single‐residue modifications can be combined in a single peptide, K11R–K17R, with improved proteolytic resistance and antifungal activity. We also investigated the effect of additional single‐residue substitutions, with a focus on the effect of addition or removal of negatively charged residues, and found Sap‐dependent effects on degradation. Both single‐ and double‐substitutions affected the kinetics of proteolytic degradation of the intact peptide and of the fragments formed during degradation. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering proteolytic stability and not just antimicrobial activity when designing peptides for potential therapeutic applications.
A novel enhanced intensity‐based automatic registration: Augmented reality for visualization and localization cancer tumors
Authors: Tan Wilvertson , Alsadoon Abeer , Prasad P.W.C. , Al‐Janabi Shahd , Haddad Sami , Venkata Haritha Sallepalli , Alrubaie Ahmad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to replace the manual process (selecting the landmarks on mesh and anchor points on the video) by Intensity‐based Automatic Registration method to reach registration accuracy and low processing time. The proposed system consists of an Enhanced Intensity‐based Automatic Registration (EIbAR) using Modified Zero Normalized Cross Correlation (MZNCC) algorithm. The proposed system was implemented on videos of breast cancer tumors. Results showed that the proposed algorithm—as compared to a reference—improved registration accuracy by an average of 2 mm. In addition, the proposed algorithm—as compared to a reference—reduced the number of pixel matching, thereby reducing processing time on the video by an average of 22 ms/frame. The proposed system can, thus, provide an acceptable accuracy and processing time during scene augmentation of videos, which provides a seamless use of augmented‐reality for surgeons in visualizing cancer tumors.
Effect of backlash hysteresis of surgical tool bending joints on task performance in teleoperated flexible endoscopic robot
Authors: Kim Hansoul , Hwang Minho , Kim Joonhwan , You Jae Min , Lim Chan‐Soon , Kwon Dong‐Soo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe tendon‐sheath mechanism provides flexibility but degrades the task performance of the flexible endoscopic robot because of the inherent backlash hysteresis problem. Previous studies have only focused on reducing backlash hysteresis. The goal of this study is to identify the backlash hysteresis criteria of surgical tool bending joints to maintain efficient surgical performance.MethodsA test platform for a surgical tool has been developed that has initial backlash hysteresis under 5° and can adjust the backlash hysteresis intentionally. Performance variation has been investigated in three bench‐top endoscopic tasks in which various backlash hysteresis conditions were intentionally adjusted.ResultsA clear drop‐off in task performance has been observed when the backlash hysteresis of the bending joints was greater than 10° regardless of the type of task and link length.ConclusionsThe backlash hysteresis of surgical tool bending joints should be reduced to at least 10° to maintain efficient performance in robotic endoscopic surgery.
Alopecia universalis successfully treated with kenchuto groups in a pediatric patient
Authors: Irie Yasuhito , Nakae Hajime , Hasunuma Naoko , Hebiguchi Miwa , Hiroshima Yuko , Okada Yuko , Ito Hiroaki 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTCaseThe patient was an initially healthy girl aged 1 year and 5 months. She developed alopecia when she was 11 months old. At hospital visit, she was found to have alopecia universalis. Her hands and feet were cold, and her nails appeared dry.OutcomeHer symptoms were considered to indicate blood deficiency, and she received tokikenchuto. Six months later, multiple spots of alopecia were noted. Nine months later, the alopecia spots decreased and her nails were normalized and we changed tokikenchuto to shokenchuto. One year and 7 months later, the alopecia spots were no longer prominent.ConclusionFor alopecia in children, regional immunotherapy has been recommended in the treatment guidelines. However, the condition can recur after discontinuation of treatment and there is no treatment uniformity. The present findings suggest that Kampo medicine might be appropriate for alopecia universalis considering treatment continuity and safety.