bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short Version of Self-Assessment Scale of Job Performance
Authors: Andrade Érika Guimarães Soares de Azevedo , Queiroga Fabiana , Valentini Felipe 
Published: September 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo reducir la Escala de autoevaluación de Desempeño en el trabajo, como también controlar el direccionamiento de respuesta y aprobación, utilizando la técnica de viñetas y elementos invertidos. Para la reducción de la escala, se utilizó el banco de datos de la escala original, compuesta por 20 elementos divididos en dos factores: tarea y contexto. Para la reducción, fueron elegidos los 10 elementos con mayores cargas factoriales y thresholds. La escala reducida fue estimada por un factor general y dos dimensiones específicas: Tarea y contexto, representando un modelo bifactor, con indicadores de ajustes adecuados (RMSEA = 0,05; TLI = 0,98). Para controlar el direccionamiento de respuesta y aprobación, fue realizada una colecta de datos, en la cual las respuestas fueron recodificadas y realizados análisis factoriales con la finalidad de realizar una comparación de los resultados con y sin la utilización de viñetas y elementos invertidos. Los resultados apuntaron a que las viñetas mejoraron las cargas factoriales de los análisis, y que los elementos invertidos no tuvieron mejores resultados además de las viñetas.
This paper aims to reduce the job performance self-assessment scale as well as control the response and acquiescence bias using vignettes anchors and inverted items. For the reduction of the scale, the original scale database was used, composed of 20 items divided into two factors: task and context. For the reduction, the 10 items with higher factor loads and thresholds were chosen. The reduced scale was estimated by a general factor and two specific dimensions: task and context, representing a bifactor model, with adequate adjustment indicators (RMSEA = 0.05; TLI = 0.98). To control response bias and acquiescence, a second study was carried out, in which the responses were recoded and factor analyses were performed in order to make a comparison of the results with and without the use of the vignettes and inverted items. The results indicated that the vignettes improved the factorial loads, however, the inverted items did not perform better than the vignettes.
Becoming Indivisible in the Age of Cloning: Resistance, Individuality, and Photography in Notre vie dans les forêts
Authors: Stojanovic Sonja 
Published: September 2020

After broaching the topic in two short stories included in the collection Zoo (2006) – “Quand je me sens très fatiguée le soir” and “Mon mari le clone” – Marie Darrieussecq, in her most recent novel Notre vie dans les forêts (2017), returns to the question of clones. In an age when high-tech surveillance and meticulous tracking mechanisms have become the norm, in a world where clones are used as spare parts to prolong one’s life, a group of rebels decides to resist and liberate their cloned halves, only to find out that they are also clones themselves; from their hiding place in a forest, the dying female narrator writes her story in a notebook hoping she will be remembered. This article considers how clones can be said to have a distinct and unique identity by tracing the evolution of the female narrator from clone to individual. It also proposes to read the novel as a powerful series of snapshots that allow the narrator, through her photographic writing, to become her own ghost, as opposed to someone else’s clone.
Do Centres of Endemism provide a spatial context for predicting and preserving plant phylogeographic patterns in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa?
Authors: Galuszynski Nicholas C. , Potts Alastair J. 
Published: September 2020

Aim
The evolutionary forces that gave rise to the exceptional plant species richness of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) have also likely played a role at the intraspecific level (i.e. plant populations)—and thereby generating shared phylogeographic patterns among taxa. Here we test whether plant populations in the CFR exhibit phylogeographic breaks across the boundaries between Centres of Endemism (CoEs). The boundaries between CoEs (derived from the distribution ranges of endemic taxa and currently mapped at a coarse, Quarter Degree Square scale) represent a spatial proxy for the evolutionary diversifying drivers acting on plant taxa in the CFR.

Location
The CFR, located along the southern Cape of South Africa.

Methods
Published phylogeographic literature were compiled and spatial patterns of genetic divergence re-analysed to assess the frequency at which CFR plant taxa exhibit phylogeographic breaks either (1) across or (2) within CoE boundaries. Population pairs from each study were compared across and within CoEs and scored as either exhibiting a phylogeographic break or not.

Results
Phylogeographic breaks in Cape plants were found to occur across the boundaries of CoEs more often than not. Significantly more population pairs exhibited phylogeographic breaks across CoE boundaries (506 of the 540, χ2 = 886, p < 0.001) and fewer breaks within CoEs (94 of 619, χ2 = 300, p < 0.001) than would be expected if there was equal probability of a genetic break occurring across CoE boundaries.

Main conclusions
The evolutionary forces that have produced and maintained the exceptional plant diversity in the CFR appear to have operated at the population level, producing similar patterns of phylogeographic structuring of plant lineages regardless of life history or taxonomy. This tendency for Cape plants to exhibit shared patterns of spatially structured genetic diversity that match the distribution of endemic taxa may assist CFR phylogeographers to streamline sampling efforts and test novel hypotheses pertaining to the distribution of genetic diversity among CFR plant taxa. Additionally, the resolution at which CoEs are mapped should be refined, which may provide a valuable tool for future conservation planning and the development of precautionary guidelines for the translocation of genetic material during species reintroductions and commercial cultivation of Cape endemic crops. Thus, to answer the question ‘Do Centres of Endemism provide a spatial context for predicting and preserving plant phylogeographic patterns in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa?’—yes, CoEs do appear to be an important tool for Cape phylogeographers. However, the data is limited and more plant phylogeography work is needed in the CFR.
Proximate Composition and Phytochemical Properties of Fresh and Boiled Solanum torvum Consumed in East of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Kouadio Kouakou , Adingra Kouassi Martial-Didier , Kouadio Martin , Disseka William Kwithony , Gbotognon Oscar Jaures , Kouadio Eugène Jean Parfait 
Published: September 2020

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and anti-nutritional factors composition of the Solanum torvum fruit.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing laboratory of Nangui Abrogoua University (Côte d’Ivoire), between June 2019 and March 2020.
Methodology: Proximate composition, mineral element profile and phytochemical composition of fresh and boiled S torvum berries were investigated. The S torvum fruit were harvested fresh. One part was cooked in boiling water for 25 min while the other part did not undergo any treatment. These two samples were dried in an oven at 45°C for 72 hours, ground and analyzed according to official analytical method.
Results: The results indicated that the boiling caused the loss of nutrients except moisture, fibers and lipids. It was noted a significant reduction of nutrient and anti-nutrients content of berries after boiling. Boiled berries showed a higher energy value (57.07 Kcal) than fresh ones (53.12 Kcal). Despite the boiling, S torvum berries showed high levels of polyphenols (142.54 mg GAE/100g DW (dry weight)), carotenoids (12.96 mg βCE/100g DW), vitamin C (12.03 mg/100 g FW), fibers (6.88%) and ash (7.23%). Minerals analysis of S torvum berries indicated that it is rich in potassium (2046.77 mg/100 g DW), calcium (340.92 mg/100g DW), phosphorus (238.71 mg/100g DW) and magnesium (234.97 mg/100g DW) with high predicted bioavailability for calcium, magnesium and zinc. S torvum fruit contains also iron (7.97 mg/100g DW) and zinc (8.10 mg/100g DW) which are essential for organism.
Conclusion: These data indicated that this Solanum torvum fruit consumed in East of Côte d’Ivoire could constitute a potential good source of nutrients for local population.
Resource Use Efficiency among Maize Farmers in Lere Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Aasa O. S. , Suleiman R. , Emeghara U. U. , Yahaya U. F. , Olagunju O. E. , Onwuegbunam N. E. , John R. Akanni- , Ganiyu L. , Omodona S. , Olukotun O. 
Published: September 2020

This study was carried out to analyzed the resource-use efficiency of maize production in Lere local government area of Kaduna state. Data were collected from a sample of 100 maize farmers selected through multi-stage sampling procedure using questionnaire and data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, production function and marginal value productivity analysis. The result showed that 82% were in their working age of between 21-50 years, majority of the farmers 53% were married, 91% had formal education, in terms of farming experience, majority (68%) of the respondent had farming experience that is above one year. The linear function gave the best fit with R2 of 70.2%. Production inputs such as fertilizer and agrochemicals significantly influence maize output in the study area. Maize production in the study area has an increasing return to scale from the sum of elasticity of production (20.439). Land, labour, fertilizer, seed and agrochemicals were underutilized in maize production. Profit could be enhanced by increasing the quantity used of land, labour, fertilizer, seed and agrochemicals inputs, as well as their timely supply. It is also recommended that financial support in term of accessibility to credit facilities at low interest rate be given to farmers to allow them increase output and total revenue.
Detection of Serum IgG Antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis among University Athletes in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Cookey T. I. , Oseni S. Adewuyi- , Okonko I. O. , Anugweje K. C. 
Published: September 2020

Aim: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis, is a strictly aerobic bacterium that grows fastidiously and slow, which is among the top 10 causes of death globally and the leading cause from a single infectious agent (above HIV/AIDS). Among the deadly diseases ravaging the world, tuberculosis remains one of the commonest and deadliest. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) among the athletes of the University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Rivers State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Sports Institute, University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Nigeria, between June 2012 and July 2015.
Methods: A total of 100 university athletes (51 males and 49 females, the age ranged from 15-47 years) was recruited for this study. Blood samples were collected from the athletes and analyzed for serum IgG antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OneStep Tuberculosis (TB) rapid test was used for the detection of TB antibody (Isotypes IgG, IgM and IgA) in whole blood samples from the subjects. Commercially available ELISA based kits (manufactured by Dia.Pro, Milano, Italy) were also used.
Results: The seropositivity of TB among the athletes was 5.0%. The result of the study showed that male athletes had a higher prevalence of tuberculosis than their female counterpart (5.9% vs 4.1%). Subsequently, the age groups 15-25 years had a higher prevalence of tuberculosis (6.5%) compared to age groups 26 years and above (2.6%). A significant association existed between the athletes' ages and TB prevalence (p= 0.035) and none existed with gender (p=0.654).
Conclusion: This study confirms the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antibodies among university athletes. Strict surveillance of the diseases is highly recommended to curb its spread and the potential increase in Multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Extensively drug-resistance Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) as it is highly contagious.
The J‐ and G/F‐domains of the major Synechocystis DnaJ protein Sll0897 are sufficient for cell viability but not for heat resistance
Authors: Düppre Eva , Schneider Dirk 
Published: September 2020

Hsp70 proteins and their Hsp40 co‐chaperones are essential components of cellular chaperone networks in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here, we performed a genetic analysis to define the protein domains required for the key functions of the major Hsp40/DnaJ protein Sll0897 of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. The expression of the N‐terminally located J‐ and G/F‐domains is essential and sufficient for the proteins’ fundamental in vivo functions, whereas the presence of the full‐length protein, containing the C‐terminal substrate‐binding domains, is crucial under stress conditions.
Association of Serum Low‐Density Lipoprotein, High‐Density Lipoprotein, and Total Cholesterol With Development of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Schwager Jessica L. , Nevitt Michael C. , Torner James , Lewis Cora E. , Matthan Nirupa R. , Wang Na , Sun Xianbang , Lichtenstein Alice H. , Felson David ,   for the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study Group
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveStudies suggest an association between elevated total serum cholesterol, particularly low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and osteoarthritis (OA). The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association between total cholesterol, LDL, and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) and risk of knee OA.MethodsWe studied participants from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis study (MOST) cohort at risk of developing knee OA. From baseline through 7 years, repeated knee radiographs and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were obtained, and knee symptoms were queried. From baseline fasting blood samples, lipids and lipoproteins were analyzed using standard assays. After excluding participants with baseline OA, we defined 2 sets of patients: those developing radiographic OA, and those developing symptomatic OA (knee pain and radiographic OA). Controls did not develop these outcomes. Additionally, we examined worsening of cartilage loss and synovitis on MRI and of knee pain using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale. We carried out logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, education, baseline pain, and depressive symptoms, testing total cholesterol and lipoproteins as continuous measures, and we performed sensitivity analyses examining whether commonly used thresholds for high cholesterol, LDL, or low HDL increased risk.ResultsWe studied 337 patients with incident symptomatic OA and 283 patients with incident radiographic OA. The mean age at baseline was 62 years (55% women). Neither total cholesterol, LDL, nor HDL showed a significant association with radiographic or symptomatic OA. Additionally, we found no association of these lipid measures with cartilage loss, worsening synovitis, or worsening knee pain.ConclusionOur data do not support an association between total cholesterol, LDL, or HDL with OA outcomes.
Fixed‐time fault tolerant control for a class of switched nonlinear systems
Authors: Yang Tingting , Li Yongming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis work addresses the fixed‐time fault tolerant control problem for nonstrict feedback switched nonlinear systems whose subsystems have chained integrators with positive odd rational powers. Besides, the powers of different channels and switched subsystems can be also possibly different. The fixed‐time fault tolerant control law is formulated after using the adding one power integrator method, homogeneous system theory, backstepping technique, nested saturation control approach, which is capable of guaranteeing the global fixed‐time stability for the resulting closed‐loop stability. A numerical simulation example is given to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed control strategy.
Sensing Applications of Atomically Thin Group IV Carbon Siblings Xenes: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects
Authors: Khan Karim , Tareen Ayesha Khan , Wang Lude , Aslam Muhammad , Ma Chunyang , Mahmood Nasir , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Zhang Han , Guo Zhongyi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe 2D graphene (G) nanosheets (NSs) discovery is amound the foremost revolutionary incidents in materials science history. This discovery has stimulated huge attention in the study of other novel 2D materials (2DMs). This trend might be called modern day “alchemy,” where the basic aim is to convert most of periodic table elements into G like 2D structures. Monoelemental, atomically thin 2DMs, called “Xenes” (“X” = group (III–VI)A elements, “ene” suffix that indicates one atom thick 2D layer of atoms) which are a newly invented family among nanomaterials. The number of predicted and experimentally synthesized 2D Xene materials of group IVA, i.e., G's siblings, has gained attention in nanosize devices. Such materials involve buckle structures that have recently been experimentally fabricated. The 2D Xene materials analog to G offer exciting potential for novel sensing applications. The group IVA Xenes, in cooperation with their ligand‐functionalized derivatives, arrange in a honeycomb lattice analogous to G but through a changeable degree of buckling. Their electronic structure ranges from trivial insulators passing via semiconductors with tunable gaps, to semimetallic, depending on substrate, chemical functionalization, and strain. In this review, different potential synthesis methods for group IVA 2D Xenes are briefly presented. A brief overview of their properties obtained theoretically and experimentally is presented, and finally their potential sensing applications are discussed.
Enhancing Long‐Term Device Stability Using Thin Film Blends of Small Molecule Semiconductors and Insulating Polymers to Trap Surface‐Induced Polymorphs
Authors: Salzillo Tommaso , Campos Antonio , Babuji Adara , Santiago Raul , Bromley Stefan T. , Ocal Carmen , Barrena Esther , Jouclas Rémy , Ruzie Christian , Schweicher Guillaume , Geerts Yves H. , Mas‐Torrent Marta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe lack of long‐term stability in thin films of organic semiconductors can often be caused by the low structural stability of metastable phases that are frequently formed upon deposition on a substrate surface. Here, thin films of 2,7‐dioctyloxy[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene (C8O‐BTBT‐OC8) and blends of this material with polystyrene by solution shearing are fabricated. Both types of films exhibit the metastable surface‐induced herringbone phase (SIP) in all the tested coating conditions. The blended films reveal a higher device performance with a field‐effect mobility close to 1 cm2 V−1 s−1, a threshold voltage close to 0 V, and an on/off current ratio above 107. In situ lattice phonon Raman microscopy is used to study the stability of the SIP polymorph. It is found that films based on only C8O‐BTBT‐OC8 slowly evolve to the Bulk cofacial phase, significantly impacting device electrical performance. In contrast, the blended films stabilize the SIP phase, leading to devices that maintain a high performance over 1.5 years. This work demonstrates that blending small‐molecule organic semiconductors with insulating binding polymers can trap metastable polymorphs, which can lead to devices with both improved performance and long‐term stability.
Recent Progress in Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Sun Xianxian , Huang Chuanjin , Wang Lidong , Liang Lei , Cheng Yuanjing , Fei Weidong , Li Yibin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNanocomposites, multiphase solid materials with at least one nanoscaled component, have been attracting ever‐increasing attention because of their unique properties. Graphene is an ideal filler for high‐performance multifunctional nanocomposites in light of its superior mechanical, electrical, thermal, and optical properties. However, the 2D nature of graphene usually gives rise to highly anisotropic features, which brings new opportunities to tailor nanocomposites by making full use of its excellent in‐plane properties. Here, recent progress on graphene/polymer nanocomposites is summarized with emphasis on strengthening/toughening, electrical conduction, thermal transportation, and photothermal energy conversion. The influence of the graphene configuration, including layer number, defects, and lateral size, on its intrinsic properties and the properties of graphene/polymer nanocomposites is systematically analyzed. Meanwhile, the role of the interfacial interaction between graphene and polymer in affecting the properties of nanocomposites is also explored. The correlation between the graphene distribution in the matrix and the properties of the nanocomposite is discussed in detail. The key challenges and possible solutions are also addressed. This review may provide a constructive guidance for preparing high‐performance graphene/polymer nanocomposite in the future.
Large‐Area Single‐Crystal Graphene via Self‐Organization at the Macroscale
Authors: Ta Huy Quang , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Mendes Rafael Gregorio , Perello David J. , Zhao Liang , Trzebicka Barbara , Gemming Thomas , Rotkin Slava V. , Rümmeli Mark H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn 1665 Christiaan Huygens first noticed how two pendulums, regardless of their initial state, would synchronize. It is now known that the universe is full of complex self‐organizing systems, from neural networks to correlated materials. Here, graphene flakes, nucleated over a polycrystalline graphene film, synchronize during growth so as to ultimately yield a common crystal orientation at the macroscale. Strain and diffusion gradients are argued as the probable causes for the long‐range cross‐talk between flakes and the formation of a single‐grain graphene layer. The work demonstrates that graphene synthesis can be advanced to control the nucleated crystal shape, registry, and relative alignment between graphene crystals for large area, that is, a single‐crystal bilayer, and (AB‐stacked) few‐layer graphene can been grown at the wafer scale.
Near‐Infrared AIE Dots with Chemiluminescence for Deep‐Tissue Imaging
Authors: Liu Chenchen , Wang Xiuxia , Liu Junkai , Yue Qiang , Chen Sijie , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Luo Liang , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) chemiluminescence (CL) emission is highly favorable for deep‐tissue imaging, but chemically conjugated NIR CL emitters with the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) property for biotechnology are seldom reported. Herein, an AIE‐active NIR CL emitter, TBL, is synthesized by conjugating luminol unit with electron‐accepting benzothiadiazole and an electron‐donating triphenylamine, and subsequently TBL dots are prepared by using F127 as the surfactant. The CL emission of TBL dots can last continuously for over 60 min and can be employed for quantitative (in vitro) and qualitative (in vivo) detection of 1O2. Strikingly, the NIR CL emission can penetrate through tissues with a total thickness of over 3 cm, exhibiting significantly better performance than NIR fluorescence emission and blue CL emission. Moreover, the successful differentiation of tumor and normal tissues by TBL‐based CL imaging in vivo also paves the way for CL‐guided cancer diagnosis and surgery.