bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Sahai Erik , Astsaturov Igor , Cukierman Edna , DeNardo David G. , Egeblad Mikala , Evans Ronald M. , Fearon Douglas , Greten Florian R. , Hingorani Sunil R. , Hunter Tony , Hynes Richard O. , Jain Rakesh K. , Janowitz Tobias , Jorgensen Claus , Kimmelman Alec C. , Kolonin Mikhail G. , Maki Robert G. , Powers R. Scott , Puré Ellen , Ramirez Daniel C. , Scherz-Shouval Ruth , Sherman Mara H. , Stewart Sheila , Tlsty Thea D. , Tuveson David A. , Watt Fiona M. , Weaver Valerie , Weeraratna Ashani T. , Werb Zena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of the tumour microenvironment with diverse functions, including matrix deposition and remodelling, extensive reciprocal signalling interactions with cancer cells and crosstalk with infiltrating leukocytes. As such, they are a potential target for optimizing therapeutic strategies against cancer. However, many challenges are present in ongoing attempts to modulate CAFs for therapeutic benefit. These include limitations in our understanding of the origin of CAFs and heterogeneity in CAF function, with it being desirable to retain some antitumorigenic functions. On the basis of a meeting of experts in the field of CAF biology, we summarize in this Consensus Statement our current knowledge and present a framework for advancing our understanding of this critical cell type within the tumour microenvironment.
Comparison of short-acting versus extended-release nifedipine: Effects on hemodynamics and sympathetic activity in patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Parker John D. , D’ Iorio Matthew , Floras John S. , Toal Corey B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigated the impact of short-acting and extended release nifedipine on sympathetic activity using radiotracer methodology in patients with stable coronary artery disease in order to more accurately document the response of the sympathetic nervous system to different formulations of this dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist. Participants were randomized to placebo, short-acting or extended release nifedipine for 7–10 days. On the final day, systemic blood pressure, cardiac filling pressures, cardiac output, plasma norepinephrine (NE) and total body NE spillover were measured at baseline (time 0) and repeated at intervals for 6 hours. There were no differences in baseline measures between groups. Following the morning dose of study medication there were no changes in hemodynamics or sympathetic activity in the placebo group. However, there was a significant fall in blood pressure and a significant increase in total body NE spillover in both nifedipine groups. Importantly, the increase in sympathetic activity in response to short-acting nifedipine began earlier (30 minutes) and was much greater than that observed in the extended release group, which occurred later (270 minutes). These findings confirm that sustained therapy with nifedipine is associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous system which is dependent on the pharmacokinetics of the formulation.
CREBBP and WDR 24 Identified as Candidate Genes for Quantitative Variation in Red-Brown Plumage Colouration in the Chicken
Authors: Fogelholm J. , Henriksen R. , Höglund A. , Huq N. , Johnsson M. , Lenz R. , Jensen P. , Wright D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPlumage colouration in birds is important for a plethora of reasons, ranging from camouflage, sexual signalling, and species recognition. The genes underlying colour variation have been vital in understanding how genes can affect a phenotype. Multiple genes have been identified that affect plumage variation, but research has principally focused on major-effect genes (such as those causing albinism, barring, and the like), rather than the smaller effect modifier loci that more subtly influence colour. By utilising a domestic × wild advanced intercross with a combination of classical QTL mapping of red colouration as a quantitative trait and a targeted genetical genomics approach, we have identified five separate candidate genes (CREBBP, WDR24, ARL8A, PHLDA3, LAD1) that putatively influence quantitative variation in red-brown colouration in chickens. By treating colour as a quantitative rather than qualitative trait, we have identified both QTL and genes of small effect. Such small effect loci are potentially far more prevalent in wild populations, and can therefore potentially be highly relevant to colour evolution.
Diabetes, an independent poor prognostic factor of non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma, correlates with dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 promoter methylation
Authors: Umetsu Satoko , Mizukami Hiroki , Saito Takeshi , Uchida Chiaki , Igawa Akiko , Kudo Kazuhiro , Itabashi Chieko , Osonoi Sho , Danyang Guo , Sasaki Takanori , Yagihashi Soroku , Hakamada Kenichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA concurrent increase in the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity has been reported in the absence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen-negative/hepatitis C virus antibody-negative HCC (NBNC-HCC). However, the prognostic relevance of this association remains unclear. Promoter methylation (PM) of the dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 gene (DPYSL3) has been implicated in virus-related HCC. However, it remains unclear whether T2D influences PM in NBNC-HCC. We determined the influence of T2D on clinicopathological profile and PM of DPYSL3 and CDK2NA in patients with NBNC-HCC who were divided into two groups: non-diabetes (non-DM; n = 46) and diabetes (DM; n = 47). DM was associated with a higher Union for International Cancer Control grade, marginal vascular invasion and tumour cell proliferation irrespective of the duration of T2D as well as higher rates of PM of DPYSL3 than non-DM; however, PM of CDK2NA was similar between both groups. PM of DPYSL3 reduced its expression which inversely correlated with reduced patient survival. In conclusion, T2D is associated with poor prognosis of NBNC-HCC in which a high frequency of PM of DPYSL3 may play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis.
pVHL-mediated regulation of the anti-angiogenic protein thrombospondin-1 decreases migration of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Sevilla-Montero Javier , Bienes-Martínez Raquel , Labrousse-Arias David , Fuertes-Yebra Esther , Ordóñez Ángel , Calzada María J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a multifunctional matrix protein with antitumor activities due in part to its ability to inhibit angiogenesis, which in turn contributes to determine the fate of many tumours. Previous studies have shown that TSP-1 expression supports normal kidney angiostasis, and decreased TSP-1 levels contribute to the angiogenic phenotype of renal cell carcinomas (RCC). The loss of the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene (VHL) in these tumours favours stabilization of the Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIF), which in turn contribute to adapt tumour cells to hostile environments promoting tumour progression. However, HIF-independent regulation of certain genes might also be involved. We have previously shown that TSP-1 is regulated in hypoxia in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) in a HIF-independent manner; however, the effect of VHL protein (pVHL) on TSP-1 expression has not been evaluated. Our results proved that pVHL loss or mutation in its alpha or beta domain significantly decreased TSP-1 levels in ccRCC in a HIF-independent manner. Furthermore, this regulation proved to be important for ccRCC cells behaviour showing that decreased TSP-1 levels rendered ccRCC cells more migratory. This data substantiates a unique regulation pattern for TSP-1 in a pVHL-dependent manner, which may be relevant in the aggressiveness of ccRCC.
The origin of spin in binary black holes
Authors: Bavera Simone S. , Fragos Tassos , Qin Ying , Zapartas Emmanouil , Neijssel Coenraad J. , Mandel Ilya , Batta Aldo , Gaebel Sebastian M. , Kimball Chase , Stevenson Simon 
Published: January 2020

Context. After years of scientific progress, the origin of stellar binary black holes is still a great mystery. Several formation channels for merging black holes have been proposed in the literature. As more merger detections are expected with future gravitational-wave observations, population synthesis studies can help to distinguish between them.
Aims. We study the formation of coalescing binary black holes via the evolution of isolated field binaries that go through the common envelope phase in order to obtain the combined distributions of observables such as black-hole spins, masses and cosmological redshifts of mergers.
Methods. To achieve this aim, we used a hybrid technique that combines the parametric binary population synthesis code COMPAS with detailed binary evolution simulations performed with the MESA code. We then convolved our binary evolution calculations with the redshift- and metallicity-dependent star-formation rate and the selection effects of gravitational-wave detectors to obtain predictions of observable properties.
Results. By assuming efficient angular momentum transport, we are able to present a model that is capable of simultaneously predicting the following three main gravitational-wave observables: the effective inspiral spin parameter χeff, the chirp mass Mchirp and the cosmological redshift of merger zmerger. We find an excellent agreement between our model and the ten events from the first two advanced detector observing runs. We make predictions for the third observing run O3 and for Advanced LIGO design sensitivity. We expect approximately 80% of events with χeff <  0.1, while the remaining 20% of events with χeff ≥ 0.1 are split into ∼10% with Mchirp <  15 M⊙ and ∼10% with Mchirp ≥ 15 M⊙. Moreover, we find that Mchirp and χeff distributions are very weakly dependent on the detector sensitivity.
Conclusions. The favorable comparison of the existing LIGO/Virgo observations with our model predictions gives support to the idea that the majority, if not all of the observed mergers, originate from the evolution of isolated binaries. The first-born black hole has negligible spin because it lost its envelope after it expanded to become a giant star, while the spin of the second-born black hole is determined by the tidal spin up of its naked helium star progenitor by the first-born black hole companion after the binary finished the common-envelope phase.
Sporadic and intense accretion in a 1 Myr-old brown dwarf candidate
Authors: Nguyen-Thanh D. , Phan-Bao N. , Murphy S. J. , Bessell M. S. 
Published: January 2020

Context. Studying the accretion process in very low-mass objects has important implications for understanding their formation mechanism. Many nearby late-M dwarfs that have previously been identified in the field are in fact young brown dwarf members of nearby young associations. Some of them are still accreting. They are therefore excellent targets for further studies of the accretion process in the very low-mass regime at different stages.
Aims. We aim to search for accreting young brown dwarf candidates in a sample of 85 nearby late-M dwarfs.
Methods. Using photometric data from DENIS, 2MASS, and WISE, we constructed the spectral energy distribution of the late- M dwarfs based on BT-Settl models to detect infrared excesses. We then searched for lithium and Hα emission in candidates that exhibit infrared excesses to confirm their youth and the presence of accretion.
Results. Among the 85 late-M dwarfs, only DENIS-P J1538317−103850 (M5.5) shows strong infrared excesses in WISE bands. The detection of lithium absorption in the M5.5 dwarf and its Gaia trigonometric parallax indicate an age of ~1 Myr and a mass of 47 MJ. The Hα emission line in the brown dwarf shows significant variability that indicates sporadic accretion. This 1 Myr-old brown dwarf also exhibits intense accretion bursts with accretion rates of up to 10−7.9 M⊙ yr−1.
Conclusions. Our detection of sporadic accretion in one of the youngest brown dwarfs might imply that sporadic accretion at early stages could play an important role in the formation of brown dwarfs. Very low-mass cores would not be able to accrete enough material to become stars, and thus they end up as brown dwarfs.
Back Squat vs. Hip Thrust Resistance-training Programs in
Well-trained Women
Authors: Barbalho Matheus , Coswig Victor , Souza Daniel , Serrão Julio Cerca , Hebling Campos Mário , Gentil Paulo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe study compared the effects of back squat (BS) and hip thrust (HT) exercises
on muscle strength and hypertrophy in well-trained women. Twenty-two
participants were divided in two groups: BS group (n=12,
26.4±1.32 years, 171.8±3.79 cm, and
69.5±4.9 kg) performed the BS exercise and HT group
(n=10, 27.5±1.42 years, 170.8±4.4 cm,
67.5±4.7 kg) performed the HT exercise. Training was performed
for 12 weeks. Before and after the training period, participants were assessed
for quadriceps femoris and gluteus maximus muscle thickness (MT) and 1
repetition maximum (1RM) test on the BS and HT. Both groups significantly
increased hip extensors MT and HT 1RM; however, the improvements in BS group
were higher than in HT group on quadriceps femoris (12.2% for BS and
2% for HT, P<0.001) and gluteus maximus MT (9.4% for BS
and 3.7% for HT, P=0.001) and BS 1 RM (35.9% for BS and
4.3% for HT, P<0.001). BS was more efficient than HT, since it
resulted in greater muscle hypertrophy of the quadriceps femoris and gluteus
maximus, increases in BS 1RM and similar increases in HT.
Progesterone Elevation and Preventive Strategies to Avoid Implantation Failure
Authors: Bozdag Gurkan , Turkyilmaz Esengul , Yildiz Sule , Mumusoglu Sezcan , Yarali Hakan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite the wide utilization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, progesterone elevation (P4E) in the late follicular phase occurs in 5 to 30% of all ovarian stimulation (OS) cycles. Although the detrimental effect of P4E on pregnancy rates in fresh in vitro fertilization cycles is valid in all subsets of cases, higher levels of P4 and a longer duration of P4E may be needed in patients with a hyper-ovarian response in order for a negative impact on pregnancy rates to occur. Available preclinical and clinical data suggest that aggressive OS with high doses of follicle-stimulating hormone might increase 3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase enzyme activity in human granulosa cells, which leads to high P4 production and hence a higher amount of leakage to the systemic circulation due to a lack of 17α-hydroxylase enzyme expression in human species. High P4 concentrations appear to alter gene expression in the endometrium; however, caution is necessary regarding its potential effect on oocyte/embryo quality with respect to the role of inherent follicular disruption in some women. In terms of the mechanism of overproduction in P4 synthesis, the main preventive strategy should be avoiding aggressive stimulation. Unfortunately, there is lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials for other approaches, including deferred embryo transfer in the thaw cycle. Since there is a significant inter-assay variability for P4 measurement, it may be wise to recommend that every center should define their own P4E and the level needed for harm to occur based on their own assays and datasets before deciding the best approach.
Impaired Fibrinolysis Predicts Adverse Outcome in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with Diabetes: A PLATO Sub-Study
Authors: Sumaya Wael , Wallentin Lars , James Stefan K. , Siegbahn Agneta , Gabrysch Katja , Himmelmann Anders , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Storey Robert F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHypofibrinolysis is a key abnormality in diabetes but the role of impaired clot lysis in predicting vascular events and mortality in this population is yet to be determined. We aimed to investigate the relationship between fibrin clot properties and clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes and recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Plasma samples were collected at hospital discharge from 974 ACS patients with diabetes randomised to clopidogrel or ticagrelor in the PLATO trial. A validated turbidimetric assay was employed to study fibrin clot lysis and maximum turbidity. One-year rates of cardiovascular (CV) death, spontaneous myocardial infarction (MI) and PLATO-defined major bleeding events were assessed after sample collection. Hazard ratios (HRs) were determined using Cox proportional analysis. After adjusting for CV risk factors, each 50% increase in lysis time was associated with increased risk of CV death/MI (HR 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.44; p = 0.026) and CV death alone (HR 1.38; 1.08–1.76; p = 0.01). Similarly, each 50% increase in maximum turbidity was associated with increased risk of CV death/MI (HR 1.25; 1.02–1.53; p = 0.031) and CV death alone (HR 1.49; 1.08–2.04; p = 0.014). The relationship between lysis time and the combined outcome of CV death and MI remained significant after adjusting for multiple prognostic vascular biomarkers (p = 0.034). Neither lysis time nor maximum turbidity was associated with major bleeding events. Impaired fibrin clot lysis predicts 1-year CV death and MI in diabetes patients following ACS.
Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier NCT00391872.
Study of muscular branch of median nerve to the pronator teres
Authors: Bindurani MK , Lokesh HM , Nanjundappa BN 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims : Disorders of the peripheral nervous system are common among which entrapment neuropathies are frequently encountered by the clinician. The knowledge of innervation pattern of median nerve to pronator teres are of considerable importance in understanding the various presentations of pronator teres syndrome, in investigating the lesions of median nerve, to plan adequate treatment and to avoid iatrogenic injuries during surgeries there by increasing the perfection of surgical approach. The aim of present study is to study the point of origin of muscular branches of median nerve to pronator teres muscle with respect to interepicondylar line and to study the number of branches of median nerve to the pronator teres muscle. Materials and methods : Fifty upper limbs procured from embalmed cadavers aged about 20 to 50 years were used for the study. Results : Out of total 50 specimens, nerve to pronator teres was arising at a mean distance of 1.31 ± 0.58 cm proximal to the interepicondylar line (range 0.5 - 3cm) and 1.2 ± 1.27 cm distal to the interepicondylar line (0-3.5cm). Conclusion: In greater number of the specimens, the nerve to the pronator teres was arising from the median nerve proximal to the interepicondylar line. In majority of the specimens the pronator teres was innervated by either single branch or two branches.
Syphilitic heart - a case report
Authors: Jyothi K C , Shailaja Shetty , Mahadeva K C , Dev M Kapil 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHeart and its great vessels are involved in tertiary syphilis in the form of syphilitic aortitis often 20 years or more after primary infection is contracted. In a 60 year old male cadaver, we found an enlarged heart with aneurysm of ascending aorta and semilunar septa was found protruding in to the lumen of arch of aorta distal to the origin of left subclavian artery. Right pulmonary vessels were dilated. Right and left atrial cavity were dilated, left ventricular hypertrophy with dilatation was noted. Hispathological findings of the specimens were suggestive of syphilitic aortitis. Cardiovascular syphilis though uncommon is still a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, which can be reduced by adequate screening, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Variations in the aortic - common iliac bifurcation in man - a cadaveric study
Authors: Sharma Maneesha , Sharma Tripta , Singh Richhpal 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: The abdominal aorta usually terminates at the level of L4 vertebral body into common iliac arteries. With the present day advancements in vascular surgery and neurological surgeries involving approach to lumbar vertebral bodies, we need to know any variations from this normal course. So, the present study aimed at knowing the anatomical variations in the termination of abdominal aorta and in common iliac arteries which might prove to be of some help in some of such surgeries. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 35 adult (29 males and 6 females) embalmed cadavers obtained from anatomy departments of Govt. Medical college, Amritsar and Gian Sagar Medical college, Ramnagar, Punjab. The abdominal cavity was opened, peritoneum stripped off from aorta at its bifurcation, variations in its termination, common iliac arteries and their branches were carefully observed and recorded. Results: In 54.29% cases the level of aortic bifurcation was found opposite 4th Lumbar vertebra, in the rest it was variable between L3 and L5 vertebra. Conclusions: These variations may lead to some trouble during vertebral surgeries, making it essential to investigate and locate the exact position of great vessels before the commencement of surgery.
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis - a case report
Authors: Mudiraj Nitin  R. , Dhobale Manisha R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe case reported here is an incidental finding of a specimen of lower three lumbar vertebrae with sacrum. It displayed ossification of anterolateral aspect of lower three lumbar vertebrae with sparing of intervertebral disc space. Para-articular osteophytosis was found at zygopophyseal (facet) joints, however ankylosis was absent at zygopophyseal joints as well as at interspinous sites. Based on its features we labelled it as a case of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). It is a common but often unrecognized disorder of unknown etiology in elderly individuals. The awareness of this entity may stimulate clinicians and researchers to focus on its pathogenesis, treatment and prevention.
Midgut malrotation with volvulus - a case report
Authors: Choudhury Pradipta Ray , Sarda Prasant , Singh Shobhit , Baruah Prabahita , Talukdar K. L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMidgut malrotation is a rare anatomic anomaly that complicates the diagnosis and management of acute abdominal pain. It is a congenital anomaly that arises from incomplete rotation or abnormal position of the midgut during embryonic development. A two years old boy was brought with recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting. On ultrasonography, the intestinal malrotation was suspected and thus contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) was done. On CECT, abnormal relationship between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV), colon on the left side of the abdominal cavity, 'Whirlpool sign' etc., were found. All findings were suggestive of midgut malrotation with volvulus. Detection of uncomplicated malrotation should not be trivialized because such patients might experience a future complication.