bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraordinary optical transmission through periodic Drude-like graphene sheets using FDTD algorithms and its unconditionally stable approximate Crank–Nicolson implementation
Authors: Wu Shihong , Sun Yumei , Chi Mingmei , Chen Xiangguang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBased upon the approximate Crank–Nicolson (CN) finite-difference time-domain method implementation, the unconditionally stable algorithm is proposed to investigate the wave propagation and transmission through extremely thin graphene layers. More precisely, by incorporating the CN Douglas–Gunn algorithm, the piecewise linear recursive convolution method and the auxiliary differential equation method, the analytical model is proposed for Drude-like graphene model. To obtain the solution of the governing equations, the perfectly matched layer and the periodic boundary condition are applied to the graphene structure with two dimensional nano-materials. Numerical examples are carried out for further investigation. During the simulation, the influences of the parameters such as the grating slit and its thickness on the wave transmission are investigated and discussed. The result shows that not only the graphene grating has high transmission performance but also the proposed methods have considerable performance and accuracy.
In vivo assessment of mitochondrial respiratory alternative oxidase activity and cyclic electron flow around photosystem I on small coral fragments
Authors: Vega de Luna Félix , Córdoba-Granados Juan José , Dang Kieu-Van , Roberty Stéphane , Cardol Pierre 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe mutualistic relationship existing between scleractinian corals and their photosynthetic endosymbionts involves a complex integration of the metabolic pathways within the holobiont. Respiration and photosynthesis are the most important of these processes and although they have been extensively studied, our understanding of their interactions and regulatory mechanisms is still limited. In this work we performed chlorophyll-a fluorescence, oxygen exchange and time-resolved absorption spectroscopy measurements on small and thin fragments (0.3 cm2) of the coral Stylophora pistillata. We showed that the capacity of mitochondrial alternative oxidase accounted for ca. 25% of total coral respiration, and that the high-light dependent oxygen uptake, commonly present in isolated Symbiodiniaceae, was negligible. The ratio between photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) active centers as well as their respective electron transport rates, indicated that PSI cyclic electron flow occurred in high light in S. pistillata and in some branching and lamellar coral species freshly collected in the field. Altogether, these results show the potential of applying advanced biophysical and spectroscopic methods on small coral fragments to understand the complex mechanisms of coral photosynthesis and respiration and their responses to environmental changes.
Normalized difference vegetation index as the dominant predicting factor of groundwater recharge in phreatic aquifers: case studies across Iran
Authors: Parizi Esmaeel , Hosseini Seiyed Mossa , Ataie-Ashtiani Behzad , Simmons Craig T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe estimation of long-term groundwater recharge rate ($${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

) is a pre-requisite for efficient management of groundwater resources, especially for arid and semi-arid regions. Precise estimation of $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

is probably the most difficult factor of all measurements in the evaluation of GW resources, particularly in semi-arid regions in which the recharge rate is typically small and/or regions with scarce hydrogeological data. The main objective of this study is to find and assess the predicting factors of $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

at an aquifer scale. For this purpose, 325 Iran’s phreatic aquifers (61% of Iran’s aquifers) were selected based on the data availability and the effect of eight predicting factors were assessed on $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

estimation. The predicting factors considered include Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), mean annual temperature ($$T$$
T
), the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration ($${P/ET}_{P}$$

P
/
E
T

P

), drainage density ($${D}_{d}$$

D
d

), mean annual specific discharge ($${Q}_{s}$$

Q
s

), Mean Slope ($$S$$
S
), Soil Moisture ($${SM}_{90}$$

SM

90

), and population density ($${Pop}_{d}$$

Pop

d

). The local and global Moran’s I index, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and two-step cluster analysis served to support the spatial analysis of the results. The eight predicting factors considered are positively correlated to $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

and the NDVI has the greatest influence followed by the $$P/{ET}_{P}$$

P
/

ET

P

and $${SM}_{90}$$

SM

90

. In the regression model, NDVI solely explained 71% of the variation in $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

, while other drivers have only a minor modification (3.6%). The results of this study provide new insight into the complex interrelationship between $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

and vegetation density indicated by the NDVI. The findings of this study can help in better estimation of $${GW}_{r}$$

GW

r

especially for the phreatic aquifers that the hydrogeological ground-data requisite for establishing models are scarce.
Local and metastatic curative radiotherapy in patients with de novo oligometastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Reverberi C. , Massaro M. , Osti M. F. , Anzellini D. , Marinelli L. , Montalto A. , De Sanctis V. , Valeriani M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this observational study is to investigate whether local consolidative treatment delivered to the primary site and metastatic tumour burden may add survival benefit to de novo oligometastatic prostate cancer (Oligo-PCa) patients. We retrospectively reviewed all Oligo-PCa patients treated with radiotherapy to the primary tumor sites and metastatic tumor burden at our institution between March 2010 and June 2019. All patients having ≤ 5 metastases involving nodes and/or bones, loco-regional and/or extra-pelvic sites, were included. Most of the patients had started androgen deprivation therapy with or without docetaxel as standard of care before radiotherapy. The Kaplan Meier analysis was performed to estimate survival outcomes. The univariate analysis tested possible prognostic factors increasing the rate of biochemical relapse. We analysed 37 Oligo-PCa patients. Twenty-eight (75.7%) had loco-regional metastases, in 9 patients (24.3%) the metastatic tumour burden was extra-pelvic. Nineteen (51.4%) had bone metastases, 21 (56.8%) nodal involvement and 7 (18.9%) both. Twenty (54.1%) had a single metastasis. The median follow-up was 55.5 months. The median overall survival (OS) was 68.8 months, the 2- and 5-year OS rates were 96.9% and 65.4%. The median biochemical relapse free survival (b-RFS) was 58 months and the 2- and 5-year b-RFS rates were 73.3% and 39.3%. The 2- and 5-year local relapse free survival rates were 93.9% and 83.7%. On the univariate analysis post-treatment PSA level ≤ 1 ng/ml was significantly related with the b-RFS (p = 0.004). Curative approach in Oligo-PCa patients involving both the primary tumor and metastatic sites may be feasible and well tolerate. Many patients presented longer survival and PSA at first follow-up was the most important prognostic factor. Further trials are needed to confirm our results and to evaluate if patients with PSA at first follow-up > 1 ng/ml may benefit from further treatments.
Accurate and sensitive detection of Salmonella in foods by engineered bacteriophages
Authors: Nguyen Minh M. , Gil Jose , Brown Matthew , Cesar Tondo Eduardo , Soraya Martins de Aquino Nathanyelle , Eisenberg Marcia , Erickson Stephen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSalmonella is a major causative agent of foodborne illness and rapid identification of this pathogen is essential to prevent disease. Currently most assays require high bacterial burdens or prolonged enrichment to achieve acceptable performance. A reduction in testing time without loss of sensitivity is critical to allow food processors to safely decrease product holding time. To meet this need, a method was developed to detect Salmonella using luciferase reporter bacteriophages. Bacteriophages were engineered to express NanoLuc, a novel optimized luciferase originating from the deep-sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilirostris. NanoLuc-expressing bacteriophages had a limit of detection of 10–100 CFU per mL in culture without enrichment. Luciferase reporters demonstrated a broad host range covering all Salmonella species with one reporter detecting 99.3% of 269 inclusivity strains. Cross-reactivity was limited and only observed with other members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. In food matrix studies, a cocktail of engineered bacteriophages accurately detected 1 CFU in either 25 g of ground turkey with a 7 h enrichment or 100 g of powdered infant formula with a 16 h enrichment. Use of the NanoLuc reporter assay described herein resulted in a considerable reduction in enrichment time without a loss of sensitivity.
Gender- and age-related differences in homocysteine concentration: a cross-sectional study of the general population of China
Authors: Xu Ranran , Huang Fei , Wang Yiru , Liu Qingquan , Lv Yongman , Zhang Qian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe primary goals of this study were to evaluate the gender- and age-related differences in homocysteine concentration in the general population of China and possible influencing factors. A total of 7872 subjects, divided into male and female groups, participated in this retrospective study. The average homocysteine level, prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia, and independent factors affecting homocysteine concentration were analyzed. The homocysteine level was significantly higher in males than in females in each age range (aged 20–30, aged 30–40, aged 40–50, aged 50–60, aged 60–80, aged over 80) (P < 0.0001), and the trend did not abate with age. The homocysteine concentration first decreased and then increased, being lowest at 30–50 years of age and significantly increased after 50 years of age. Factors associated with homocysteine concentration in males were smoking status (current smokers versus ex-smokers: β: 0.112), estimated glomerular filtration rate (β =  − 0.192), blood urea nitrogen (β =  − 0.14), diastolic blood pressure (β =  − 0.113), free triiodothyronine (β =  − 0.091), serum potassium (β =  − 0.107) and cystatin C (β = 0.173). In females, independent factors associated with homocysteine concentration were cystatin C (β = 0.319), albumin (β = 0.227), free thyroxine (β = 0.179), age (β = 0.148), free triiodothyronine (β =  − 0.217) and serum potassium (β =  − 0.153). The homocysteine level was significantly higher in males than in females and increased markedly after 50 years of age in both groups. The independent factors associated with increased homocysteine concentration differed between males and females.
Causal associations between urinary sodium with body mass, shape and composition: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Feng Qi , Yuan Shuai , Yang Qian , Lu Yingchang , Loos Ruth J. F. , LI Gloria H. Y. , Fei Yue , Tsoi Man Fung , Cheung Ching Lung , Cheung Bernard M. Y. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObservational studies have found associations between urinary sodium (UNa) with obesity, body shape and composition; but the findings may be biased by residual confounding. The objective of this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was to analyze their causal associations in both sex-combined and sex-specific models. Genome-wide association studies of UNa, body mass index (BMI), BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat (BF) percentage and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were identified. We initially extracted fifty SNPs associated with UNa at significance level of 5 × 10–8, but further removed those SNPs with potential horizontal pleiotropy. Univariable and multivariable MR with adjustment for eGFR were performed. Inverse-variance weighted MR was performed as the primary analysis, with MR-Egger methods as sensitivity analysis. The potential bidirectional association between BMI and UNa was investigated. All exposure and outcomes were continuous, and the effect measure was regression coefficients (beta) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The total sample size was up to 322 154. UNa was causally associated with increased BMI in both men [eGFR-adjusted beta 0.443 (0.163–0.724)] and women [0.594 (0.333–0.855)]. UNa caused BF percentage increase in men [0.622 (0.268–0.976)] and women [0.334 (0.007–0.662)]. UNa significantly elevated BMI-adjusted WHR in men [0.321 (0.094–0.548)], but not in women [0.170 (− 0.052 to 0.391)]. Additionally, we found that BMI causally increased UNa [0.043 (0.023–0.063)]. UNa increased BMI and BF percentage. Salt intake affects male body shape by increasing BMI-adjusted WHR, but showed no effects on female body shape. The bidirectional association between BMI and UNa suggested that salt reduction measures and weight reduction measures should be implemented simultaneously to break the vicious cycle and gain more health benefits.
Preventive digital mental health interventions for children and young people: a review of the design and reporting of research
Authors: Bergin Aislinn D. , Vallejos Elvira Perez , Davies E. Bethan , Daley David , Ford Tamsin , Harold Gordon , Hetrick Sarah , Kidner Megan , Long Yunfei , Merry Sally , Morriss Richard , Sayal Kapil , Sonuga-Barke Edmund , Robinson Jo , Torous John , Hollis Chris 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDigital health interventions (DHIs) have frequently been highlighted as one way to respond to increasing levels of mental health problems in children and young people. Whilst many are developed to address existing mental health problems, there is also potential for DHIs to address prevention and early intervention. However, there are currently limitations in the design and reporting of the development, evaluation and implementation of preventive DHIs that can limit their adoption into real-world practice. This scoping review aimed to examine existing evidence-based DHI interventions and review how well the research literature described factors that researchers need to include in their study designs and reports to support real-world implementation. A search was conducted for relevant publications published from 2013 onwards. Twenty-one different interventions were identified from 30 publications, which took a universal (n = 12), selective (n = 3) and indicative (n = 15) approach to preventing poor mental health. Most interventions targeted adolescents, with only two studies including children aged ≤10 years. There was limited reporting of user co-design involvement in intervention development. Barriers and facilitators to implementation varied across the delivery settings, and only a minority reported financial costs involved in delivering the intervention. This review found that while there are continued attempts to design and evaluate DHIs for children and young people, there are several points of concern. More research is needed with younger children and those from poorer and underserved backgrounds. Co-design processes with children and young people should be recognised and reported as a necessary component within DHI research as they are an important factor in the design and development of interventions, and underpin successful adoption and implementation. Reporting the type and level of human support provided as part of the intervention is also important in enabling the sustained use and implementation of DHIs.
Network integration and modelling of dynamic drug responses at multi-omics levels
Authors: Selevsek Nathalie , Caiment Florian , Nudischer Ramona , Gmuender Hans , Agarkova Irina , Atkinson Francis L. , Bachmann Ivo , Baier Vanessa , Barel Gal , Bauer Chris , Boerno Stefan , Bosc Nicolas , Clayton Olivia , Cordes Henrik , Deeb Sally , Gotta Stefano , Guye Patrick , Hersey Anne , Hunter Fiona M. I. , Kunz Laura , Lewalle Alex , Lienhard Matthias , Merken Jort , Minguet Jasmine , Oliveira Bernardo , Pluess Carla , Sarkans Ugis , Schrooders Yannick , Schuchhardt Johannes , Smit Ines , Thiel Christoph , Timmermann Bernd , Verheijen Marcha , Wittenberger Timo , Wolski Witold , Zerck Alexandra , Heymans Stephane , Kuepfer Lars , Roth Adrian , Schlapbach Ralph , Niederer Steven , Herwig Ralf , Kleinjans Jos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUncovering cellular responses from heterogeneous genomic data is crucial for molecular medicine in particular for drug safety. This can be realized by integrating the molecular activities in networks of interacting proteins. As proof-of-concept we challenge network modeling with time-resolved proteome, transcriptome and methylome measurements in iPSC-derived human 3D cardiac microtissues to elucidate adverse mechanisms of anthracycline cardiotoxicity measured with four different drugs (doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin and daunorubicin). Dynamic molecular analysis at in vivo drug exposure levels reveal a network of 175 disease-associated proteins and identify common modules of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in vitro, related to mitochondrial and sarcomere function as well as remodeling of extracellular matrix. These in vitro-identified modules are transferable and are evaluated with biopsies of cardiomyopathy patients. This to our knowledge most comprehensive study on anthracycline cardiotoxicity demonstrates a reproducible workflow for molecular medicine and serves as a template for detecting adverse drug responses from complex omics data.
Maturation strategies and limitations of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wu Peng , Deng Gang , Sai Xiyalatu , Guo Huiming , Huang Huanlei , Zhu Ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs). They are not only widely used in cardiac pharmacology screening, human heart disease modeling, and cell transplantation-based treatments, but also the most promising source of CMs for experimental and clinical applications. However, their use is largely restricted by the immature phenotype of structure and function, which is similar to embryonic or fetal CMs and has certain differences from adult CMs. In order to overcome this critical issue, many studies have explored and revealed new strategies to induce the maturity of iPSC-CMs. Therefore, this article aims to review recent induction methods of mature iPSC-CMs, related mechanisms, and limitations.
LncRNA NEAT1 promotes malignant phenotypes and TMZ resistance in glioblastoma stem cells by regulating let-7g-5p/MAP3K1 axis
Authors: Bi Chang-Long , Liu Jin-Fang , Zhang Ming-Yu , Lan Song , Yang Zhuan-Yi , Fang Jia-Sheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malign brain tumors in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral chemotherapy drug constituting the backbone of chemotherapy regimens utilized as first-line treatment of GBM. However, resistance to TMZ often leads to treatment failure. In the present study, we explored the expression and related mechanisms of nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in glioma stem cells (GSCs). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that NEAT1 was up-regulated in serum samples of GBM patients and GSCs isolated from U87, U251 cell lines. Functional experiments showed that NEAT1 knockdown restrained malignant behaviors of GSC, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase assays identified let-7g-5p was a downstream target and negatively adjusted by NEAT1. Restoration of let-7g-5p impeded tumor progression by inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1), as a direct target of let-7g-5p, was positively regulated by NEAT1 and involved to affect the regulation of NEAT1 on GSCs’ behaviors. In conclusion, our results suggested that NEAT1 promoted GSCs progression via NEAT1/let-7g-5p/MAP3K1 axis, which provided a depth insight into TMZ resistance mechanism.
Efficacy of tripterygium glycosides combined with ARB on diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Xue , Huang Youye , Zhang Yao , He Chunling , Zhao Yongli , Wang Lizhuo , Gao Jialin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the beneficial and adverse effects of tripterygium glycosides (TGs) combined with angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on diabetic nephropathy (DN). We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database up to June 2017. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used for continuous variables and all variables were expressed by 95% confidence interval (CI). Twenty-three studies with 1810 DN patients were included in this meta-analysis. TG combined with ARB statistically significantly improved 24-h urinary total protein (24-h UTP) (SMD = −1.46; 95% CI = −1.84 to −1.09; P&lt;0.00001), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) (SMD = −6.9; 95% CI = −9.65 to −4.14, P&lt;0.00001), serum creatinine (SCr) (WMD = −7.65.14; 95% CI = −12.99 to −2.31; P=0.005) and albumin (Alb) (WMD = 5.7; 95% CI = 4.44 to 6.96; P&lt;0.00001) more than did ARB alone. TG combined with ARB statistically significantly affected the level of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (WMD = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.04 to 2.12, P=0.04) more than did ARB alone. Compared with ARB alone, TG combined with ARB showed no significant difference in improving blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Minor side effects from the combined treatment were observed and mainly focused on the abnormal liver function. TG combined with ARB offers a novel concept in treating DN, more high-quality RCTs are needed for better understanding and applying the combined treatment in DN.
Overview of Current Approaches to Aural Rehabilitation for Adults With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Glade Rachel , Taylor Erin , Culbertson Deborah S. , Ray Christin 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This clinical focus article provides an overview of clinical models currently being used for the provision of comprehensive aural rehabilitation (AR) for adults with cochlear implants (CIs) in the Unites States.

Method
Clinical AR models utilized by hearing health care providers from nine clinics across the United States were discussed with regard to interprofessional AR practice patterns in the adult CI population. The clinical models were presented in the context of existing knowledge and gaps in the literature. Future directions were proposed for optimizing the provision of AR for the adult CI patient population.

Findings/Conclusions
There is a general agreement that AR is an integral part of hearing health care for adults with CIs. While the provision of AR is feasible in different clinical practice settings, service delivery models are variable across hearing health care professionals and settings. AR may include interprofessional collaboration among surgeons, audiologists, and speech-language pathologists with varying roles based on the characteristics of a particular setting. Despite various existing barriers, the clinical practice patterns identified here provide a starting point toward a more standard approach to comprehensive AR for adults with CIs.