bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit visual sensitivity towards slim versus overweight bodies modulates motor resonance in the primary motor cortex: A tDCS study
Authors: Makris Stergios , Cazzato Valentina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMotor resonance (MR) can be influenced by individual differences and similarity in the physical appearance between the actor and observer. Recently, we reported that action simulation is modulated by an implicit visual sensitivity towards normal-weight compared with overweight bodies. Furthermore, recent research has suggested the existence of an action observation network responsible for MR, with limited evidence whether the primary motor cortex (M1) is part of this. We expanded our previous findings with regards to the role of an implicit normal-weight-body preference in the MR mechanism. At the same time, we tested the functional relevance of M1 to MR, by using a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocol. Seventeen normal-weight and 17 overweight participants were asked to observe normal-weight or overweight actors reaching and grasping a light or heavy cube, and then, at the end of each video-clip to indicate the correct cube weight. Before the task, all participants received 15 min of sham or cathodal tDCS over the left M1. Measures of anti-fat attitudes were also collected. During sham tDCS, all participants were better in simulating the actions performed by normal-weight compared with overweight models. Surprisingly, cathodal tDCS selectively improved the ability in the overweight group to simulate actions performed by the overweight models. This effect was not associated with scores of fat phobic attitudes or implicit anti-fat bias. Our findings are discussed in the context of relevance of M1 to MR and its social modulation by anti-fat attitudes.
Comparing the Visual Analog Scale and the Numerical Rating Scale in Patient-reported Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Ye Weiyu , Hackett Simon , Vandevelde Claire , Twigg Sarah , Helliwell Philip S. , Coates Laura C. 
Published: December 2020

Objective.Patient self-report scales are invaluable in psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as they allow physicians to rapidly assess patient perspectives of disease activity. We aimed to assess the agreement of the visual analog scale (VAS), a 100-mm horizontal line, and the numerical rating scale (NRS), a 21-point scale ranging from 0 to 10 in increments of 0.5, in patients with PsA.Methods.Data were collected prospectively across 3 UK hospital trusts from 2018 to 2019. All patients completed the VAS and NRS for pain, arthritis, skin psoriasis (PsO), and global disease activity. A subset completed an identical pack 1 week later. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Agreement was assessed using medians and the Bland-Altman method. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess test-retest reliability. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess dependency between scale scores and clinical variables.Results.Two hundred ten patients completed the study; 1 withdrew consent. Thus, 209 were analyzed. For pain, arthritis, skin PsO, and global disease activity, the difference between the VAS and NRS lay mostly within 1.96 SD of the mean, suggesting reasonable agreement between the 2 scales. Among the patients, 64.1% preferred the NRS. The ICCs demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability for both VAS and NRS. Higher VAS and NRS scores were associated with increased tender/swollen joint count, poorer functional status, and greater life impact.Conclusion.The VAS and NRS show reasonable agreement in key patient-reported outcomes in PsA. Results from both scales are correlated with disease severity and life impact.
Figures de la science dans des contextes de conception
Authors: Gentès Annie , Gentès Annie , Peneau Justine , Peneau Justine 
Published: December 2020

Nous nous intéressons aux enjeux de la représentation de la science dans des milieux de conception à partir d’une filature de trois ans de deux physiciens impliqués dans des dispositifs de conception. Notre hypothèse est que les scientifiques y modulent leur posture et y affirment certains aspects de la science en adoptant plusieurs « rôles », au sens de Goffman, afin de permettre de nouvelles collaborations entre les disciplines. Cette analyse permet de repérer des formes de dramaturgie de la science, au sens de Habermas, au travers de cinq « figures » tirées des discours des deux physiciens : « le professeur universitaire », « l’honnête homme », « l’expert », « le chercheur-mentor et le scientifique-créateur ». Nous observons que ces figures sont représentatives mais plus encore, qu’elles sont créatives et donnent lieu à de nouvelles situations de conception.
Déchiffrer la grippe russe. Quand une pandémie devient un événement statistique (1889-1893)
Authors: Vagneron Frédéric 
Published: December 2020

L’usage des chiffres pour décrire l’ampleur de l’épidémie de grippe constitue une innovation savante à la fin du xix e siècle en France. L’article décrit le rôle de statisticiens français comme Jacques Bertillon et Victor Turquan dans la mise à jour des chiffres témoignant de la gravité de la grippe de 1889-1890, grâce au calcul de la surmortalité sur la période. Les études statistiques réalisées entre 1890 et 1893 ont non seulement produit un bilan de mortalité inédit pour le pays à l’échelle du siècle, mais aussi apporté un argument décisif à l’hypothèse de contagiosité de la maladie. Ils ont confirmé les informations fournies par la nouvelle presse de l’époque, qui avait la première suivi la propagation de la pandémie grâce au réseau de télégraphe. Au niveau politique, ces nouveaux savoirs statistiques sur la pandémie ont pourtant été relégués au rôle d’accident de la mortalité nationale, face à la tendance inquiétante de dépopulation nationale à la fin du xix e siècle. Parce qu’elle saisit la grippe indissociablement de ses complications, le succès de la mesure des épisodes grippaux par la surmortalité ne s’est pas démenti depuis.
La catégorie de l’ honnête dans Les Dames Galantes de Brantôme
Authors: Pouey-Mounou Anne-Pascale 
Published: December 2020

Peut-on parler d’éthique de l’amour dans Les Dames galantes ? On tentera d’en reconstituer des fragments à travers les mots-clés d’un code de l’honneur implicite, détourné sous la notion de hardiesse et dominé par l’obsession de l’ escandale . Sous les débauches de la cour, Brantôme explore ainsi un art de vivre et de conter, dans le heurt du code chevaleresque et des convenances, des valeurs masculines et féminines, d’une recherche de civilité et d’un durcissement politique et moral.
« Nos anciens ont écrit avec leur sang. Nous, nous tenons à écrire avec des stylos ! »
Authors: Woitchik Juliette 
Published: December 2020

Cet article porte sur les dispositifs pédagogiques aménagés au sein de la Licenciatura Intercultural do Sul da Mata Atlântica, programme d’enseignement supérieur destiné aux étudiants indigènes, ouvrant l’espace universitaire aux savoirs « traditionnels ». En replaçant cet enseignement dans le contexte des luttes pour les terres et les droits indigènes, il est possible de montrer en quoi, malgré son caractère institutionnel, le programme parvient, grâce à ses outils pédagogiques, à échapper à une essentialisation de la culture et des identités.
Mythos Dresden, de l’image de la ville à la ville-image
Authors: Bertho Raphaële 
Published: December 2020

Joyau architectural de la Renaissance, le centre-ville de Dresde est réduit en cendres en 1945 et devient immédiatement mythique. Un passé que les architectes vont tenter de faire revenir à la vie dans le sillage de la réunification allemande. Cette quête d’une cité idéalisée donne lieu à diverses opérations de reconstitution, en pierre, en pigment et pixel, dans lesquels les vedute peintes par Belotto au milieu du XVIIIe siècle vont être élevées au rang de modèle de référence. On assiste alors à la reprise d’une production narrative et à sa réactualisation dans le processus de reconstruction de la ville contemporaine. Il s’agit d’analyser l’articulation des deux temps de la constitution d’un imaginaire urbain, de ce Mythos Dresden, marqué par la dimension visuelle de la construction mémorielle.
Transgender Athletes' Experiences With Health Care in the Athletic Training Setting
Authors: Munson Emily Elizabeth , Ensign Kristine A. 
Published: December 2020

Context
The term transgender refers to individuals whose gender identity does not match their sex assigned at birth. Transgender people often report negative health care experiences, leading many to avoid seeking care. The experiences of transgender athletes with athletic trainers (ATs) are currently unknown.

Objective
To describe common experiences they have had with ATs and to identify barriers transgender athletes may encounter when seeking care.

Design
Qualitative phenomenologic study.

Setting
Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants
Nine transgender participants from high school (n = 2), collegiate (n = 4), club (n = 2), and semiprofessional (n = 1) athletics (age = 23.56 ± 5.32 years). Participants were either current athletes or had been athletes within the past 5 years. They consisted of transgender men (n = 3), transgender women (n = 3), and nonbinary or genderqueer people (n = 4), with 1 participant identifying as both a transgender man and nonbinary.

Data Collection and Analysis
Participants completed semistructured phone interviews that addressed positive and negative experiences, avoidance, and perceived AT knowledge of transgender concerns. The interviews were analyzed for themes and evaluated with a peer reviewer. Member checking was conducted to validate the findings.

Results
Three main themes emerged. Education described ATs' knowledge of transgender concerns and receptiveness to learning. Primacy of the patient addressed ATs' behaviors when interacting with transgender athletes. Environment involved how social environments affected transgender athletes' comfort with ATs. Participants commonly perceived a lack of clinician education on transgender needs, which combined with a lack of support or hostile environment to lead to discomfort and avoidance. Respecting privacy, demonstrating support, and being open to education led to positive experiences.

Conclusions
Athletic trainers can improve their care of transgender athletes in several areas. Information about transgender people should be included in athletic training curriculums. Athletic trainers can also use inclusive language, signal that facilities are safe for all, and be familiar with resources for transgender athletes.
Canavan Disease
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Bharathi Narmadham K. , Bettaiah Jamunashree , Bhat Maya , Shivappa Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Canavan disease (CD) is an autosomal recessively inherited leukodystrophy. It affects one in 6,400 to 13,500 people in the Jewish population. However, prevalence and presentation of the disease in India is largely unknown; hence, we are reporting this series.

Methods:
This is a retrospective chart review in a tertiary care hospital from January 2015 to March 2020. CD was confirmed by elevated N- acetyl aspartate (NAA) levels in urinary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS)/increased NAA peak in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and/or detection of mutations. The data was extracted in a predesigned proforma and analyzed.

Results:
We had 12 children with mean age at presentation being 6.8 months (range 3 months to 10 months.). Males were more commonly affected (83.3%, n = 10). Ten children (83.3%) were born out of consanguineous parentage. All of them had visual impairment and pyramidal signs. Seizures were noted in five (42%) children. Normal head size in three (25%) and microcephaly in two (16.66%) cases were noted. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed signal changes with bilateral symmetric T2W white matter (WM) hyperintensities in subcortical U fibers in all cases. MRS was done in ten children, all of which showed increased NAA peak. Increased level of NAA in urinary GCMS was noted in six out of eight children. Six cases had homozygous pathogenic variants in ASPA gene. Antenatal diagnosis helped in prevention of recurrence in three families.

Conclusion:
Urinary NAA and MRS showing NAA peak are useful in diagnosis of CD. Macrocephaly is not a necessary finding to diagnose CD. Early diagnosis helps in genetic counseling and prevention of subsequent conceptions.
Nonautomated Blood Cultures in a Low-Resource Setting: Optimizing the Timing of Blind Subculture
Authors: Ombelet Sien , Peeters Marjan , Phe Chhundy , Tsoumanis Achilleas , Kham Chun , Teav Syna , Vlieghe Erika , Phe Thong , Jacobs Jan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTLaboratory procedures for blood cultures in a hospital in Phnom Penh were adapted to optimize detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei, an important pathogen in this setting. The effects of these changes are analyzed in this study. Blood cultures consisted of two BacT/ALERT bottles (bioMérieux, Marcy-l’Etoile, France). Growth was detected visually by daily inspection of the bottles. In 2016, the aerobic–anaerobic pair (FA/FN FAN) was substituted by an aerobic pair of BacT/ALERT FA Plus bottles. Blind subculture (BS) (subculture in the absence of visual growth) was advanced from day 3 to day 2 of incubation in July 2016. In July 2018, it was further advanced to day 1 of incubation. From July 2016 to October 2019, 9,760 blood cultures were sampled. The proportion of cultures showing pathogen growth decreased from 9.6% to 6.8% after the implementation of the laboratory changes (P < 0.001). Advancing the BS from day 3 to day 2 led to an increased proportion of pathogens detected by day 3 (92.8% versus 82.3%; P < 0.001); for B. pseudomallei, this increase was even more remarkable (92.0% versus 18.2%). Blind subculture on day 1 similarly increased the proportion of pathogens detected by day 2 (82.9% versus 69.0% overall, 66.7% versus 10.0% for B. pseudomallei; both P < 0.001). However, after implementation of day 1 subculture, a decrease in recovery of B. pseudomallei was observed (12.4% of all pathogens versus 4.3%; P < 0.001). In conclusion, earlier subculture significantly shortens time to detection and time to actionable results. Some organisms may be missed by performing an early subculture, especially those that grow more slowly.
Case Report: Scabies Invading Gingival Tissue
Authors: Dantas Martins Hélder Domiciano , Brasil Junior Ozawa , Inaoka Sirius Dan , Lyra Tácio Candeia , Cançado Castellano Lucio Roberto , Elias da Cruz Perez Danyel , Weege Nonaka Cassiano Francisco , Ferreti Bonan Paulo Rogerio 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTNon–plaque-induced lesions may occur on the gingiva as medical disorders or manifestations of systemic conditions. Scabies is a parasitic infection caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. Here, we present the first case of oral scabies reported in the literature located on the gingiva in a 43-year-old woman. She was admitted to the hospital complaining of an ulcerative lesion on the gingiva with unknown duration, with a suggestive diagnosis of pemphigoid. A diagnosis of scabies infestation was made based on the visualization of eggs and larvae/nymph forms. The treatment consisted of 100 mg of ivermectin (three times per day for 15 days), supplemental oral hygiene with chlorhexidine, and extensive cleaning. The follow-up was made 30 days after treatment with ivermectin. The patient did not report side effects, with skin and oral lesions completely healed. Based on this, we need to perform a thoughtful ectoscopy examination and be alert to signs that indicate unusual causes to diagnose correctly and choose the appropriate treatment.
Naturally Acquired Resistance to Ixodes scapularis Elicits Partial Immunity against Other Tick Vectors in a Laboratory Host
Authors: Lynn Geoffrey E. , Diktas Husrev , DePonte Kathleen , Fikrig Erol 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTIn many regions where ticks negatively impact public health or economic production, multiple medically important tick species may have overlapping geographic distribution, and in North America, this includes members ofIxodes,Dermacentor, andAmblyommagenera. Acquired tick resistance is the process by which some animals develop an immune response against feeding ticks after one or more exposures. This form of immunity can restrict the ability of ticks to feed and may inhibit transmission of pathogens. Likewise, many proteins present in tick saliva are conserved among tick species, and prior studies have reported cross-protective host immunity against certain combinations of ticks. In this study, we used a guinea pig model to assess whether host resistance againstIxodes scapulariscould confer protection against two other medically important tick vectors,Dermacentor variabilisandAmblyomma americanum. Tick challenges using nymphs were used to induce host resistance against a primary species, followed by additional challenge using a secondary tick species. Tick attachment to hosts and engorgement weights were reduced significantly forD. variabilisandA. americanumfeeding onI. scapularis–sensitized hosts. Reciprocally,I. scapularisengorgement weights were reduced to a lesser extent, and attachment was unaffected when feeding on hosts sensitized with eitherD. variabilisorA. americanum. These results indicate that immunity againstI. scapulariscould potentially be exploited for use in an anti-tick vaccine targeting multiple tick species and their associated pathogens.
Cardiomyopathy in Pregnancy with COVID-19: An Enigma
Authors: Mevada Shraddha Ashok , Mehendale Madhuri Alap , Nayak Arun Harishchandra , Gite Priyanka Murlidhar , Khan Nadiya Saeed 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global public health emergency. Physiological and mechanical changes in pregnancy increase susceptibility to infections in general, particularly when the cardiorespiratory system is affected, and encourage rapid progression to respiratory and heart failure in the gravida.

Case description
We present a case report of 30-year-old primigravidae with 36.5 weeks by date and 37 week by scan with diagnosed preeclampsia 2 weeks back on medication with 11 × 10.4 × 10.9 cm single intramural anterior wall fibroid with breech presentation. COVID nasopharyngeal sample reported as SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR positive. The patient was started on medication defining the Stage 1 Group A Asymptomatic Category. Chest X-ray showed mild bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. On Day 6 of admission, the patient went in labor, and hence was taken for emergency LSCS in view of primigravidae with breech with preeclampsia with fibroid with PROM under spinal anesthesia with all precautions. Intraoperatively, the LSCS was uneventful. Postoperatively 6 hours postpartum, the patient developed sudden onset breathlessness NYHA Grade 4, with saturation of 56%, and patient was intubated and shifted to ICU. Chest X-ray revealed viral pneumonia, and further 2D ECHO was suggestive of cardiomyopathy.

Conclusion
We suggest an echocardiogram in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia, in particular those necessitating oxygen or those who are critically ill.

Clinical significance
Viral myocarditis and cardiomyopathy have been reported in nonpregnant COVID-19 patients. Information on COVID-19 in pregnancy is currently limited. No specific literature is available of viral cardiomyopathy reported in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.
How to cite this article
Mevada SA, Mehendale MA, Nayak AH, et al. Cardiomyopathy in Pregnancy with COVID-19: An Enigma. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(4):243–244.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN STAD DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN EKSPOSITORI SERTA MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PPKn SISWA KELAS X SMK
Authors: Rizki Agustini Ria 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji (1) perbedaan hasil belajar PPKn Siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif STAD dan strategi pembelajaran Ekspositori, (2) Pengaruh interaksi antara penggunaan strategi pembelajaran dengan Motivasi Belajar terhadap hasil belajar PPKn, (3) Perbedaan hasil belajar PPKn siswa dengan motivasi belajar tinggi yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran STAD dan yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran Ekspositori, (4) Perbedaan hasil belajar PPKn siswa dengan motivasi belajar rendah yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran STAD dan yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran Ekspositori. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode Eksperimen dengan rancangan factorial 2 x 2. Sampel terdiri dari 2 kelas, satu kelas eksperimen yaitu kelas X.2 berjumlah 22 siswa, satu kelas kontrol yaitu kelas X.1 berjumlah 22 siswa. Tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferinsial yang menggunakan teknik Analisis Varians (ANAVA) dua jalur dengan bantuan SPSS 23. Hasil dan kesimpulan penelitian diperoleh (1) Hasil belajar PPKn menggunakan strategi pembelajaran STAD lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan strategi Pembelajaran Ekspositori. Nilai Fhitung dan sig. sebesar 4,627 dan 0,038. Nilai Ftabel pada signifikansi 0,05 sebesar 4,07. Nilai Fhitung>Ftabel atau 4,627 > 4,07, dan nilai sig. 0,038 <0,05; (2) Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar PPKn. Hasil perhitungan anava diperoleh nilai Fhitung dan sig. sebesar 44,207 dan 0,000. Nilai Ftabel pada signifikansi 0,05 sebesar 4,07. Nilai Fhitung> Ftabel atau 44,207 > 4,07, dan nilai sig. 0,00 <0,05; (3) Hasil belajar Siswa yang bermotivasi tinggi yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran STAD lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran Ekspositori. Nilai t hitung sebesar 7,857, Nilai t tabel pada signifikansi 0,05 sebesar 2,086. Nilai t hitung > t tabel atau 7,857> 2,086, dan sig.0,00<0,05; (4) Hasil Belajar siswa yang bermotivasi rendah yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran Ekspositori lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan strategi Pembelajaran STAD. Nilai t hitung sebesar 2,714 dan. Nilai t tabel pada signifikansi 0,05 sebesar 0,013. Karena nilai t hitung > t tabel atau 2,714> 2,086, dan sig. 0,013<0,05.