bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Calcium Salts Concentration on the Viscoelastic Properties of Sintered Tablets from Flours and Tortillas Evaluated by Stress‐Relaxation Tests
Authors: Ponce‐García Néstor , Santiago‐Ramos David , Figueroa‐Cárdenas Juan de Dios , Véles‐Medina José Juan , Escalante‐Aburto Anayansi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis research aimed to evaluate the effect of different calcium compounds and their concentration on the viscoelastic parameters of flours and tortillas obtained with traditional and ecological nixtamalization. Specimens (tablets) of nixtamalized flours and tortillas (14% moisture) prepared with three different calcium sources and four concentrations were sintered using a die and a hydraulic press and were evaluated by stress‐relaxation tests with a texturometer. Data collected from the stress‐relaxation curve were fitted into a three‐element generalized Maxwell model (r2 = 0.9999), allowing the detection of significant differences in the estimated viscoelastic parameters. When flours are processed into tortillas, the most notable change was the increase of +88.44% and +73.44%, respectively, in the summation of the elastic modulus, and the compressional viscosity in samples produced with CaCO3. On the contrary, tablets from samples with Ca(OH)2 presented a sharp diminishing (loss) in both of the evaluated viscoelastic parameters, accounting a decrease of −39.82% and −46.28% for the elastic modulus and compressional viscosity summations, respectively. Highly significant correlations were found among viscoelastic parameters when a slight proportional increase was observed in the specific elastic moduli, meaning that the energy was stored by each elastic element in the tablets, while the compressional viscosity coefficients varied as a function of time. Finally, it was found that the residual spring due to the pure elastic component (E0) stored energy during the entire test.Practical ApplicationThere is no published information about a simple methodology for the evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of dry nixtamalized flours (powder) with a texturometer. The method proposed was sensitive and accurate, since it was capable of detecting differences among samples processed under distinct processing factors conditions. The study of viscoelastic properties of grain foods contributes to the construction of molecular theories occurring in their chemical compounds, which is strongly related to food texture. Those theories are handy to improve nutritional and textural properties of grain foods and are essential to powder handling, processing, and transportation, which allows the processing factors optimization.
Peer effects and the choice of adaptation strategies
Authors: Di Falco Salvatore , Doku Angela , Mahajan Avichal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of peer choices on the decision to adapt to climate change in rural Ethiopia. Two IVs are employed (peer‐of‐peer choices and peer‐of‐peer information sources) in order to tackle the issue of endogeneity. Through the use of a 3‐year panel of farmers in the Nile Basin region, we find that peer choices positively affect the uptake of different adaptation strategies. A 10 percentage point increase in the share of peers using a specific strategy translates to an increase in the likelihood of adaptation between approximately 7% and 14%. This emphasizes the importance of social networks to achieve adaptation to climate change in sub‐Saharan Africa.
TGFβ1 mimetic peptide modulates immune response to grass pollen allergens in mice
Authors: Araujo Galber R. , Aglas Lorenz , Vaz Emília R. , Machado Yoan , Huber Sara , Himly Martin , Duschl Albert , Goulart Luiz R. , Ferreira Fatima 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is a cytokine that exerts immunosuppressive functions, as reflected by its ability to induce regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation and inhibit Th1 and Th2 responses. Hence, peptides that mimic the active core domain of TGFβ1 may be promising candidates for modulation of the allergic response. This study aimed to investigate a synthetic TGFβ1 mimetic peptide (TGFβ1‐mim) for its ability to modulate the immune response during allergic sensitization to grass pollen allergens.MethodsThe in vitro action of TGFβ1‐mim was evaluated in human lung epithelial cells, Jurkat cells, and rat basophilic leukemia cells. The in vivo action was evaluated in a murine model of Phl p 5 allergic sensitization. Additionally, the Th2 modulatory response was evaluated in IL‐4 reporter mice.ResultsIn vitro, TGFβ1‐mim downregulated TNF‐α production, IL‐8 gene expression, and cytokine secretion, upregulated IL‐10 secretion, and inhibited Phl p 5‐induced basophil degranulation. During Phl p 5 sensitization in mice, TGFβ1‐mim downregulated IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, and IFN‐γ, upregulated IL‐10, and induced Treg cell production. Furthermore, mice treated with TGFβ1‐mim had lower levels of IgE, IgG1, IgG2a and higher levels of IgA antibodies than control mice. In a reporter mouse, the mimetic inhibited Th2 polarization.ConclusionThe TGFβ1‐mim efficiently modulated various important events that exacerbate the allergic microenvironment, including the production of main cytokines that promote Th1 and Th2 differentiation, and the induction of allergen‐specific regulatory T cells, highlighting its potential use in therapeutic approaches to modulate the immune response toward environmental allergens.
Shifts in the demographics and behavior of bearded pigs (Sus barbatus) across a land‐use gradient
Authors: Davison Charles W. , Chapman Philip M. , Wearn Oliver R. , Bernard Henry , Ewers Robert M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBeyond broad‐scale investigations of species diversity and abundance, there is little information on how land conversion in the tropics is affecting the behavior and demographics of surviving species. To fill these knowledge gaps, we explored the effects of land‐use change on the ecologically important and threatened bearded pig (Sus barbatus) over seven years in Borneo. Random placement of camera traps across a land‐use gradient of primary forest, logged forest, and oil palm plantations (32,542 trap nights) resulted in 2,303 independent capture events. Land‐use was associated with changes in the age structure and activity patterns of photographed individuals, alongside large changes in abundance shown previously. The proportion of adults recorded declined from 92% in primary forests to 76% in logged forests, and 67% in plantations, likely indicating increased fecundity in secondary forests. Activity level (capture rate) did not vary, but activity patterns changed markedly, from diurnal in primary forests, crepuscular in logged forests, to nocturnal in plantations. These changes corresponded with avoidance of diurnal human activity and may also protect bearded pigs from increased thermal stress in warmer degraded forests. The percentage of adult captures that were groups rather than individuals increased five‐fold from primary forests (4%) to logged forests (20%), possibly due to increased mating or in response to perceived threats from indirect human disturbance. We recommend further investigation of the demographic and behavioral effects of land‐use change on keystone species as altered population structure, activity patterns, and social behavior may have knock‐on effects for entire ecosystems.
Acquiring social and cognitive skills in an intervention for Arab parents of children with intellectual developmental disability accompanied by behavioral conditions
Authors: Agbaria Qutaiba 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined the efficacy of acquiring social and cognitive skills in an intervention for Arab parents of children with intellectual developmental disability (IDD) accompanied by behavioral conditionsMethodThe research sample included 50 Arab parents with a child aged 8–12 who has a minor IDD and attends a special education school within the Haifa district in Israel. Upon providing written consent, parents completed the Bloomquist questionnaire and self‐reported on their own and their child's behaviors across the 10 domains. Parents were then randomized to either the experimental or control group.ResultsThe cognitive‐behavioral intervention, which focused on fostering social and cognitive skills within the parent‐child dyad, yielded improvements in eight domains: parental stress, positive parental thinking, parental involvement/positive reinforcement, child's obedience to rules, child's social skills, child's ability to manage anger, and child's demonstration of independent learning. In contrast, no improvements were observed for control participants who engaged in an art therapy intervention, suggesting the unique efficacy of the intervention developed in the current study.ConclusionsIn line with prior studies in samples from Western cultures, the current work represents the first systematic examination of an intervention for parents of children with IDD in Arab society.
Do Interest Rate Liberalization and Fintech Mix? Impact on Shadow Deposits in China
Authors: Chan Stephanie , Ji Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper we attempt to characterize the stability of shadow deposits in China with interest rate liberalization and fintech developments. We emphasize that shadow banks provide higher but riskier returns and such characteristics affect the stability of shadow deposits. In our setting, the stability of shadow deposits is influenced by two offsetting effects, namely: the patience effect, which makes investors more willing to wait because of the potentially higher returns; and the uncertainty effect, which makes investors more likely to withdraw as a result of higher risk. Under liberalized interest rates, the patience effect will erode and the uncertainty effect will be heightened because the post‐liberalization higher return of traditional banks undermines the importance of the extra return of shadow deposits to depositors, while preserving the importance of the risk aspect. Fintech development is modeled as a reduction in the withdrawal cost that facilitates runs. This affects the stability of shadow deposits because of their wider fintech reliance. Regulators should be cautious in pushing interest rate liberalization and fintech application alongside building a safety net for shadow banking.
Transitional psychiatry in the Netherlands: Experiences and views of mental health professionals
Authors: Gerritsen Suzanne E. , Dieleman Gwendolyn C. , Beltman Marieke A. C. , Tangenbergh Afke A. M. , Maras Athanasios , van Amelsvoort Therese A. M. J. , van Staa AnneLoes 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of psychopathology emerges in late adolescence and continues into adulthood. Continuity of care must be guaranteed in this life phase. The current service configuration, with a distinction between child/adolescent and adult mental health services (CAMHS and AMHS), impedes continuity of care.AImTo map professionals' experiences with and attitudes towards young people's transition from CAMHS to AMHS and the problems they encounter.MethodsAn online questionnaire distributed among professionals providing mental health care to young people (15‐25 years old) with psychiatric disorders.ResultsFive hundred and eighteen professionals completed the questionnaire. Decision‐making regarding transition is generally based on the professional's own deliberations. The preparation was limited to discussing changes with the adolescent and parents. Most transition‐related problems are experienced in CAMHS, primarily with regard to collaboration with AMHS. Respondents report that the developmental age should be leading in the transition‐decision making process and that developmentally appropriate services are important in bridging the gap.ConclusionProfessionals in CAMHS and AMHS experience problems in the preparation of, and the collaboration during transition. The problems are related to coordination, communication and rules and regulations. Professionals attach importance to improvement through an increase in flexibility and more specialist services for youth.
Concentration, characterization and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in soils from the Corn Belt of northeast China
Authors: Wang Zucheng , Liu Shasha , Lu Kaijun , Xu Xiaoyun , Zhang Tianyu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOrganic contaminants in agricultural soils are widely reported; however, their accumulation patterns are quite different among regions. This study reports the distribution, accumulation and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in soils from the Corn Belt of northeast China at a regional scale. Concentrations of PAHs, DDT and HCH were 306‐5300, 6.00–82.0 and 4.07–15.6 ng g−1, respectively. Source analysis suggests PAHs were derived from regional combustion of biomass and coal, except where sites are strongly affected by local sources. The DDT and HCH residues in soils are likely to be derived from previous agricultural applications that have persisted due to slow microbiological degradation under low mean temperatures. Precipitation was only significantly correlated with PAH concentrations, suggesting that precipitation affected PAH but not DDT and HCH distributions at a regional scale. Positive correlations between DDT concentrations and total organic carbon (TOC) contents of soils suggest hydrophobic organic contaminants were associated with organic matter. In contrast, TOC contents were correlated with PAHs in alfisols but not in pedocals. Pedocals contained mainly high molecular weight PAHs, indicating that eluviation affected the accumulation of less hydrophobic organic contaminants. Different correlations between low‐molecular‐weight PAH and HCH concentrations with TOC contents were found in alfisols, suggesting that contaminant structure may also affect the accumulation of less hydrophobic organic contaminants in these soils. Risk analysis suggested that potential ecological risks related to soils in the Corn Belt may lead to reduced maize production and the potential for human health risks in the future.Highlights
Few studies focus on regional‐scale factors that affect organic contaminant accumulation in soils.
Environmental process affects less hydrophobic organic contaminant distribution at regional scale.
Precipitation and eluviation affected accumulation of less hydrophobic contaminants in soils.
PAH and OCP residues in the soil of maize fields may pose ecological risks affecting future crop production and human health.
Preparation and characteristics of porous anorthite ceramics with high porosity and high‐temperature strength
Authors: Wu Linghao , Li Cuiwei , Li Hao , Wang Han , Yu Wenbo , Chen Kepi , Zhang Xiaowen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh‐temperature properties including compressive strength, thermal shock behavior, and thermal conductivity of porous anorthite ceramics with high specific strength were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the prepared materials merit high‐temperature compressive strength, thermal stability, and conductivity. With the appropriate fabrication parameters, even though containing 0.33 g/cm3 bulk density and 88.2% porosity, its compressive strength could reach 2.03 MPa at 1000°C, 147% of that at room temperature; the residual strength ratio kept as 114.7% after a thermal shock at 1200°C. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed that anorthite grains refinement and intergranular voids filling by liquid phase were main factors for the high strength. From room temperature to 1200°C, its thermal conductivity only varied from 0.085 to 0.258 W·(m·K)−1. High porosity, a large number of nanoregions in anorthite grains and amorphous phase in grain boundary were main reasons for low thermal conductivity.
Popular over‐the‐counter cosmeceutical ingredients and their clinical efficacy
Authors: Tetali Bhavana , Fahs Fatima M. , Mehregan Darius 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe cosmeceutical market is a vast and rapidly growing global industry with hundreds of new products introduced each year. Patients often turn to cosmeceuticals to address their skin problems since these products are more accessible and affordable than prescription products. Unlike most drugs, cosmeceuticals do not undergo strict safety or efficacy testing by the FDA since they are classified as cosmetics. While the marketed properties of some ingredients are thoroughly researched and supported by clinical studies, not all ingredients have been tested to this standard, with some having only molecular or in vitro evidence and hardly any clinical authentication to support their use. Given these characteristics of the industry, dermatologists need to be familiar with cosmeceuticals in order to provide appropriate recommendations to their patients. The goal of this review was to explain the mechanism of action and evaluate the efficacy of popular cosmeceutical ingredients.
Berry fruits‐enriched pasta: effect of processing and in vitro digestion on phenolics and its antioxidant activity, bioaccessibility and potential bioavailability
Authors: Bustos Mariela C. , Vignola Maria B. , Paesani Candela , León Alberto E. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryPasta samples were made by substituting wheat flour (2.5% and 7.5%) for lyophilised raspberry, boysenberry, and redcurrant and blackcurrant. Total polyphenol content showed minimum variation during processing while anthocyanins presented high degradation. In general, the first minutes of cooking showed the major detrimental effect on antioxidant activity. In vitro starch hydrolysis showed the lowest value with the addition of raspberries and boysenberries. During simulated digestion, polyphenols were released from pasta matrix reaching a 2.3‐ to 4.3‐fold increase in bioaccessible polyphenols. Likewise, values observed for reducing power and free radical scavenging activity ranged from a 0.7‐ to 2.0‐fold and 1.6‐ to 6.8‐fold increase in relation to cooked pasta, respectively. In addition, ≈40% of dialysability was observed for scavenging activity. In conclusion, enrichment of pasta with fine fruits is an effective tool to obtain a product with enhanced antioxidant potential.
Production of flavonoid and lignan aglycones from flaxseed and soy extracts by Bifidobacterium strains
Authors: Peirotén Ángela , Álvarez Inmaculada , Landete José Mª 
Published: November 2019

SummaryFlaxseed and soybean are an important source of phytochemical compounds, mainly lignans and isoflavones, but also of flavones, flavanones and flavonols. These compounds appear mainly glycosylated in plant food and are converted into aglycones by the intestinal microbiota, increasing their bioavailability. In this work, we analyse the ability of Bifidobacterium strains (n = 25) to produce lignan and flavonoids aglycones from flaxseed and soybean extracts. Most of the Bifidobacterium strains increased the concentrations of secoisolariciresinol, daidzein, genistein, naringenin, eriodyctiol, luteolin and apigenin. Moreover, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum and Bifidobacterium breve strains showed high production of herbacetin, increased the kaempferol concentration and produced quercetin and quercetagetin. B. pseudocatenulatum INIA P815 and B. breve INIA P367 produced 32.37 ± 2.81 and 28.64 ± 3.36 mg respectively of herbacetin g−1 of lignan extract. Bifidobacterium strains transformed the glycosides of a wide range of flavonoids into their aglycones, increasing the antioxidant activity and improving their bioavailability.
Getting social in selection: How social networking website content is perceived and used in hiring
Authors: Hartwell Christopher J. , Campion Michael A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe use of social networking websites (SNWs) during employee selection is gaining popularity in organizations. Using a foundation that integrates identity and situational strength theories, we develop a conceptual framework that differentiates SNW information from information gathered through traditional selection procedures, and distinguishes between SNW types. Research questions and hypotheses are tested using a survey of 291 hiring professionals. Results indicate that SNW content is considered useful and is regularly utilized during hiring. Some SNW content is viewed positively (e.g., information supporting qualifications), while other information leads to negative perceptions (e.g., discriminatory comments). Finally, results support a differentiation between personal and professional SNW, as the kind of information sought and the effectiveness of assessing various work‐related constructs differs between these SNW categories.
Active Learning in Architectural Education: A Participatory Design Experience (PDE) in Colombia
Authors: Salazar Ferro Camilo , Artega Arredondo Isabel , Rodriguez Carolina M. , Nadal Daniel H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractContemporary architecture teaching in Colombia still resembles the traditional master–apprentice model, which is also common in many parts of the world. The model of regular curricular focus on classroom‐based modules where theory and practice are predominantly disengaged, leaving the students to make their connections. Students that learnt with these models face greater difficulties to apply knowledge, compared with students taught with active learning formats. It is argued that participatory design processes could be catalytic for change in this area, by empowering participants in the co‐creation of their socio‐spatial context. This article aims to contribute by suggesting a methodology for a Participatory Design Experience (PDE), which could be applied to transform a conventional teaching module into a student‐centred learning environment. The methodology was tested and refined through a case study, demonstrating its effectiveness in architectural education. The article describes it in detail in order to be replicated by educators in comparable scenarios.