bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La conscience historique de jeunes franco-ontariens d’Ottawa : histoire et sentiment d’appartenance
Authors: Lévesque Stéphane , Croteau Jean-Philippe , Gani Raphaël 
Published: March 2020

RésuméLes écoles de langue française de l’Ontario inscrivent au cœur de leur projet éducatif la mission de transmettre aux élèves francophones une culture commune et un patrimoine historique et de favoriser leur appartenance à l’identité franco-ontarienne. Cet article vise à vérifier si l’Ontario français constitue un point d’ancrage dans la conscience historique des jeunes francophones et s’ils ont recours au passé pour se forger une identité de citoyen. Nous avons mené une enquête dans deux écoles secondaires d’Ottawa et dans une classe de didactique de l’histoire à l’Université d’Ottawa, où les élèves et les futurs enseignants devaient indiquer leur degré d’attachement identitaire et rédiger un récit sur l’histoire l’Ontario. Il en résulte qu’une appartenance forte à l’identité franco-ontarienne amène les jeunes à puiser dans le passé de l’Ontario français pour consolider et renforcer cette identité dans leur conscience de citoyen. À l’opposé, une identité canadienne et ontarienne forte se traduit pour les élèves par un récit moins engagé politiquement et plus descriptif centré sur l’histoire de son pays ou de sa province.AbstractA central pillar of French-language schooling in Ontario is the mission to transmit a shared culture and history to Francophone students, and encourage their attachment to Franco-Ontarian identity. This article aims to verify whether French Ontario is an important component of the historical consciousness of young Francophones, and if they turn to the past to forge their identities as citizens. Students in two Ottawa secondary schools and future teachers in a history education class at the University of Ottawa were asked to indicate their degree of attachment to Franco-Ontarian identity and to create an account of Ontario history. We found that a strong sense of belonging as Franco-Ontarians leads young people to look to the past to help them construct and reinforce their identity as citizens. On the other hand, strong Canadian and Ontarian identities are expressed by students in more descriptive—and less politically engaged—accounts of the history of their homeland or province.
Book Reviews / Comptes Rendus
Authors: Ellis Jason 
Published: March 2020

Chantal Fiola, Rekindling the Sacred Fire: Métis Ancestry and Anishinaabe Spirituality. Reviewed by Jonathan AnuikPhillip McCann, Island in an Empire: Education, Religion, and Social Life in Newfoundland, 1800–1855. Reviewed by Jerry BannisterGeorge E. Boulter II and Barbara Grigor-Taylor comp., The Teacher and the Superintendent: Native Schooling in the Alaska Interior, 1904 –1918. Reviewed by Sean CarletonCecilia Morgan, Creating Colonial Pasts: History, Memory, and Commemoration in Southern Ontario, 1860 –1980. Reviewed by Ryan EyfordElsie Paul, Paige Raibmon, and Harmony Johnson, Written as I Remember It: Teachings (??ms ta?aw) from the Life of a Sliammon Elder. Reviewed by Alison NormanDavid Fraser, Honorary Protestants: The Jewish School Question in Montreal, 1867–1997. Reviewed by Mary Anne PoutanenAndrew Woolford, This Benevolent Experiment: Indigenous Boarding Schools, Genocide, and Redress in Canada and the United States. Reviewed by Brian RiceLinda M. Ambrose, A Great Rural Sisterhood: Madge Robertson Watt and the ACWW. Reviewed by R. W. SandwellFrançoise F. Laot et Rebecca Rogers (dir.), Les Sciences de l’éducation. Émergence d’un champ de recherche dans l’après-guerre. Reviewed by Normand BaillargeonMartine Ruchat, Édouard Claparède. À quoi sert l’éducation ? Reviewed by Alexandre KleinMathieu Ferrand et Nathaël Istasse (éd.), Nouveaux regards sur les « Apollons de collège ». Figures du professeur humaniste en France dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle. Reviewed by Lyse Roy
Borderlands, Primary Sources, and the Longue Durée: Contextualizing Colonial Schooling at Odanak, Lorette, and Kahnawake, 1600–1850
Authors: Peace Thomas 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The historiographies of Indigenous engagement with colonial-style schools and colleges in New England, New York, and New France have different trajectories. In New England and New York, as colonial settlers expanded onto their lands over the eighteenth century, members of the Mohegan, Narragansett, Pequot, and Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) nations built schools. In New France — where colonial expansion happened much more slowly — historians suggest that interaction with formal schooling stopped as the demographic balance shifted to favour the French settlers occupying Abenaki, Algonquin, Innu, Kanien'kehá:ka, and Wendat lands. By examining the deployment of colonial schooling over an Indigenous landscape during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, this paper makes some tentative arguments about how these divergent historiographies might be stitched together, emphasizing how access to school- ing has been a continuous and central site of contest between Indigenous and colonial societies since the very beginning of the colonization of northeastern North America by England and France. Only in the late eighteenth century—when colonial pressures on land and resources were acutely felt — were these ideas taken up directly within Indigenous communities to such an extent that schools were built and teachers trained. RÉSUMÉ Les historiographies de la relation des Autochtones avec les écoles et collèges coloniaux de la Nouvelle-Angleterre, de New York et de la Nouvelle-France ont emprunté des trajectoires différentes. En Nouvelle-Angleterre et à New York les membres des nations Mohegan, Narragansett, Pequot, et Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) ont construit des écoles au fur et à mesure que les colons empiétaient sur leurs terres au cours du XVIIIe siècle. En Nouvelle-France, où l’expansion coloniale s’est produite beaucoup plus lentement, les historiens suggèrent plutôt que l’interaction avec l’enseignement scolaire s’arrête lorsque l’équilibre démographique bascule en faveur des colons français occupant les territoires des Abénakis, des Algonquins, des Innus, des Kanien'kehá:ka, et des Wendats. En examinant la mise en place de l’école coloniale dans le paysage autochtone au cours des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, cet article propose quelques hypothèses sur la façon dont ces historiographies divergentes pourraient être assemblées, en soulignant comment l’accès à l’enseignement a été un lieu central et continu de contestation entre les sociétés autochtones et coloniales depuis le tout début de la colonisation du nord-est de l’Amérique du Nord par l’Angleterre et la France. C’est seulement vers la fin du XVIIIe siècle — lorsque les pressions coloniales sur le territoire et les ressources ont été vivement ressenties—que ces idées ont été reprises directement par les communautés autochtones, au point que des écoles ont été construites et que des enseignants ont été formés.
ROLE OF VITAMIN C IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Mittal Dr. Ricky , Yadav Mr. Kedar Prasad 
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus is influenced by genetic and environmental factors and it is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, altered insulin secretion, and insulin resistance. Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient with potent antioxidant properties and it can protect important biomolecules from oxidation by participating in oxidation-reduction reactions and it is readily oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid, which in turn is reduced back to ascorbate. In T2DM patients Vitamin C levels are usually low as blood glucose may compete with vitamin C for uptake into cells due to its structural similarity to the oxidised form, and increased oxidative stress may deplete antioxidant stores.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective, double-blinded, 12-week study. A total of 100 T2DM patients were included in the study and were divided randomly in to 2 groups of 50 each (study group and placebo group). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined in EDTA blood by standard methods. Fasting glucose was measured in blood collected in fluoride oxalate tubes. The vitamin C concentration of the processed samples was determined. Drug (Vitamin C and Placebo) was issued to patients for duration of thirty days at a time. Patients were asked to bring the unused drugs and container during the follow-up. All patients were maintained on their usual dietary pattern while limiting their consumption of vitamin C-rich foods throughout the study.
RESULTS: Mean age in Vitamin C group was 44.23 ± 6.58 while in placebo group was 43.75 ± 5.54. There were 31 male and 19 female in Vitamin C group. In Placebo group male and female were 30 and 20respectively. No statistical significance was observed in both the group. At 12 weeks fasting blood sugar levels were decreased by -21.45 ± 3.78 in patients receiving Vitamin C while in placebo group reduction was -6.41± 2.87. Post meal blood sugar was reduced by -22.77 ± 2.45 in vitamin C group while in placebo it was -7.44± 3.78.
CONCLUSION: Supplementation of Vitamin C to T2DM patients can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels and HbA1C levels and regular assessment of Vitamin C levels are necessary in T2DM patients.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE PATTERN OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF NECK INJURIES IN CASES UNDERGONE AUTOPSY
Authors: Gawande Dr. N. B. , Tank Dr. Ashok 
Published: March 2020

It is learnt from literature that neck injuries are encountered with different manner (suicide, homicide, accident). Sometimes homicidal neck injuries are pleaded or disguised as suicide e.g. murdered victims placed on railway track and even accidental neck injuries are disguised as homicidal to bring false charge of offence on enemies. Meticulous examination of neck injuries can give clues to settle these challenges (Suicidal, homicidal or accidental). Over all, suicide is the major cause of neck injury because of social, economic, work pressure, love failure; failure in exams, unemployment, marital disharmony and depression etc. Accidental deaths are an unplanned event occurring suddenly unexpectedly as unforeseen circumstance. The exponentially increasing number of automobile vehicles, poor adherence to traffic rules and regulations, abuse of alcohol and drug are the cause of accidents. Accidents tragically are not often due to ignorance, but are also due to carelessness, thoughtlessness and due to over confidence. Incidence of road traffic accidents has been increasing at the alarming rate throughout the world. Hence based on these reported data the present study was planned for the clinical evaluation of the pattern of different types of neck injuries in cases undergone autopsy.
The present study was planned in Department of Forensic Medicine, Dr. Panjabrao Alias Bhausaheb Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Shivaji Nagar, Amravati. Total 50 cases of the neck injuries undergone autopsy were evaluated in the present study.
The data generated from the present study concludes that Neck injuries constitute a potential factor in increasing the amount of morbidity and mortality; therefore proper attention should be paid towards their accurate diagnosis and satisfactory management. Death in young due to neck injuries causes heavy loss of valuable work force and human resources.
Keywords: Manner, Agents and Cause of death, Neck, etc.
SUCCESSFUL STENTING OF ECTATIC CORONARY ARTERY WITH TWO DRUG ELUTING STENTS IN A PATIENT WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Dash Dr. S K Narayan , Bhaskar Dr. R V Vijay 
Published: March 2020

Coronary artery ectasia is characterized by enlargement of the coronary artery 1.5 times or more than the normal artery. It can be found in 3-8% of persons undergoing coronary angiography and 1-2% of autopsy cases1. Coronary artery ectasia patients could be asymptomatic but some patients may present with exertional chest pain, acute coronary syndrome or sudden cardiac death2. Currently there is no clear cut guideline to treat stenotic coronary artery ectasia because of various sizes and types of coronary artery ectasia. Herein we report a 66 year old female presented with persistent chest pain, ECG showing ST coving and deep T wave inversions in V1-V6. Coronary angiography showed ectactic proximal segment followed by tight stenosis of mid segment of left anterior descending coronary artery. She was successfully treated with balloon angioplasty with 2 drug eluting stents with good results.
Key words: Ectatic coronary artery, acute coronary syndrome, Balloon angioplasty
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN YOUNG ADULTS: ITS, CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND RISK FACTORS.
Authors: Teltumbadr Dr. Umesh 
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the Western countries. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young is relatively uncommon but it is of great concern for the physician as these patients present with the different clinical presentation, risk factors and better prognosis than the older patients. In younger patients and the first onset of angina which rapidly progresses to fully evolved MI is often the case in patients less than 45 years of age. In a young patient presenting with MI care full history should be taken and risk factors such as smoking, obesity, diabetes and history of recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis should also be noted. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 34 patients of age >18 years and <45 years were included in the study who presented with the acute myocardial infarction. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients who were included in the study. Clinical presentation and risk factors were recorded in the prescribed format. Anthropometric and clinical examination was carried out for each patient. Body weight and height were measured and Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using Quetlet’s formula as weight in kg/square of the height in meters. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients presenting with acute MI was 32± 6.21years. The youngest patient was 27 years old while the most common age group was 35-40 with 17(50%) patients. Out of 34 patients 33 (97.05%) were male while only 1 (2.95%) was female. Maximum patients were from urban area 22 (64.70%) while 12 (35.29%) were from the rural area. Smoking and physical inactivity was the most common associated risk factor in MI patients 29(85.29%). All smokers were male. Second most common risk factor was obesity and stressful life 18(52.94%) followed Hypertension in 13(38.24%) cases. In 12(35.29%) cases diabetes was associated as a risk factor. Family history of premature CAD, and dyslipidemia was seen in 11(32.35%) and 8(23.53%) cases respectively. CONCLUSION: Smoking, Physical inactivity, family history of premature CAD, and obesity were the most common risk factors. Early stabilisation in golden hour should be followed by risk stratification, and early revascularisation.
PHENOTYPIC FREQUENCIES OF ABO AND RH(D) BLOOD GROUPS AMONGST HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN BIKANER, RAJASTHAN
Authors: Mehra Mamta 
Published: March 2020

Background & Objective: Practically, most important blood groups are A, B, O, AB and RhD(+/-), which are essential for right blood supply to the recipients and in various studies. The incidence of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) groups varies markedly in different parts of the world and in different races. The present study was aimed at determining the prevalence of ABO & RhD blood groups among healthy blood donors in Western Rajasthan.
Material and Methods: At our centre, all the healthy blood donors were assessed and analyzed for ABO-Rh blood grouping during a period of previous 4 years (from January, 2015 to December, 2018). 119200 samples were checked for ABO and RhD blood grouping by manual saline antigen-antibody agglutination method using commercially prepared antisera antiA, antiB, antiAB, antiD, in house prepared reagent cells Acell, Bcell, Ocell and negative control. The results were reconfirmed on fully automated immunohematology analyzer (Galileo Neo, USA) with direct hemagglutination micro-well plates using antiA, antiB, antiD series-5, antiD Novaclone, Monoclonal control, Acell, Bcell and Ocell provided by the manufacturer. Discrepant samples were cross checked separately by column agglutination technique using DG Gel ABO/Rh-2D cards (Diagnostic Grifols S.A.) and tube technique.
Results: We found that the most common blood group was B+ 39758 (33.35%) followed by O+, A+, AB+, B-, O-, A- and AB-. RhD negative donors were 10504 (8.81%) among the total donors. Phenotypic frequencies were expressed under the standard assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Conclusion: Present study concludes that the most common ABO phenotype found among healthy blood donors in Western Rajasthan (India) is group B with RhD negativity being 8.81%. Larger studies should be conducted to calculate antigenic, phenotypic and allelic frequencies in general population.
Keywords: ABO-RhD blood group, Phenotype, Allele, Blood donors, hemagglutination.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING OF BREAST MASSES IN FEMALE PATIENTS FROM BIHAR REGION
Authors: Nayak Dr. Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Dr. Ajit 
Published: March 2020

Breast masses range from benign to malignant with varied etiologies. Fibroadenoma the Commonest benign and invasive ductal carcinomas are the commonest malignant lesions. Breast carcinoma is the most common and the second leading cause of deaths in women. It is present fully accepted that breast magnetic resonance is amongst the most sensitive diagnostic imaging techniques for breast lesions. DWI-MR (diffusion weighted magnetic resonance) provides new and different information about the biophysical properties of tissue. The consequent reduction of macroscopic motion effect makes possible the use of DWI in detection and characterization in breast MRI imaging. These facts and figures defines the need for early detection and treatment of breast for favourable prognosis. DWI has sufficient capacity to diagnose invasive, non-invasive breast lesions and has the ability to provide steady, high-resolution tissue images and there is a need to apply DWI to clinical practice while taking advantage of this high contrast resolution. Diffusion weighted Imaging is a potential resource as an adjuvant to breast MRI to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Such sequence can be easily added to the standard breast magnetic resonance protocol.
The present study was planned in Department of Radio- Diagnosis, Katihar Medical College and Hospital, Katihar, Bihar, India. Total 20 cases of the breast lesions refereed to our hospital were evaluated in the present study. Those patients who had come for breast MRI examinations and were detected to have lesions greater than 1 cm in size were included in the study and DWI was performed after obtaining prior consent. Patients who were referred for mammography and sonomammography and who were detected to have solid lesions greater than 1 cm were also included in this study after obtaining prior consent; diffusion-weighted sequences were performed for these patients only to characterize the lesions detected on mammography and sonomammography.
The data generated from the present study concludes that DWI for breast lesions can differentiate benign from malignant lesions with a high sensitivity and specificity. The usefulness of this technique needs to be further evaluated with larger double-blind studies.
Keywords: Diffusion Weighted Imaging, DWI, Breast Masses, etc.
ESTIMATION OF TIME SINCE DEATH BY HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF COLLECTING TUBULES IN HUMAN KIDNEY.
Authors: Thakur Rajni , Sonakke Vishakha , Gautam Deepti 
Published: March 2020

Background: The current research histological changes in the Collecting tubules were examined at various postmortem intervals in the deceased human. In these research histological changes of tissue after death is influenced by P.M.I. atmospheric temperature and humidity, external and internal factors.
Aim: To study the time since death by post mortem histological changes of collecting tubules in human Kidney.
Materials and Methods: Present research was carried out, 40 cases of deceased kidney sample in between the temperature 17.3/22.3-31.3/450C,humidity 11/36 to 75/95 and duration range 4hrs to 52.30hr. The collecting tubules were examined to establish their correlation ship with hours PMI., temperatures, humidity or time since death by studied histological (H& E, PAS staining) in Pt.J.N.M.Medical College and Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Memorial Hospital Raipur (C.G.).
Result: In collecting tubules (CT) after 4hrs PMI (27.5/42.20C T) disruption of epithelium was observed in most of the place. while after 46hrs PMI( 24.3/25.90C,T) disruption of epithelium, debris in the lumen with enucleated epithelial cells and pyknotic nuclei were seen, after 52.30hrs PMI(24.5/320C,T) disruption of epithelium, individualization of cells, debris in the lumen with pyknotic changes and enucleated cells were seen,
Conclusion: Retraction of epithelium, disruption with individualization of cells, nuclear pyknosis, karyolysis and loss of tubular architecture with debris in the lumen were observed in collecting tubules. These criteria’s presented in this study could be used to determine the time after death.
Keywords: Collecting tubules, P.M.I. (Post mortem interval), Medullary rays, Interstitium, Enucleated and Debris.
ASSESSMENT OF LEPTIN CONCENTRATION IN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID (GCF) DURING ORTHODONTIC TOOTH MOVEMENT
Authors: Jain Dr. Samir , Sinha Dr. Abhishek , Rai Dr. Anurag , Jain Dr. Sapna 
Published: March 2020

The numbers of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment have increased spectacularly from past several decades. During orthodontic tooth movement the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling. Biochemical analysis of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) has provided a non-invasive model for investigating the cellular response of the underlying PDL during orthodontic tooth movement in vivo. In GCF, several substances such as interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, leptin, osteoprotegerin and alkaline phosphatase have been found to be significantly elevated in teeth under orthodontic forces compared with untreated control teeth. [14] Hence due to the above relevance the present study was planned for Assessment of Leptin Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) during Orthodontic Tooth Movement.
The present study was planned in Department of Private Practioner, Swastik Dental Clinic and Orthodontic Centre Gaya. Total 10 cases of orthodontic of age 13 – 15 years were evaluated in the present study. For each subject, a maxillary cuspid undergoing distal orthodontic tooth movement was used as an experimental tooth, and the contralateral cuspids served as control tooth. Orthodontic brackets were placed on the canines. Experimental canines were moved in the distal direction through an archwire by use of an elastic chain exerting an initial force of 250 g. The amount of tooth movement for each tooth was measured with digimaticcalipers. At the distal aspect of experimental and control teeth, GCF was collected for subsequent analysis and the following examinations of the periodontium were conducted: Probing depth, presence or absence of plaque, and bleeding on probing. The collection and examinations were conducted immediately before activation and at 1 hr, 1 day, and 7days after the initiation of tooth movement.
The data generated from the present study concludes that concentration of leptin in the GCF is decreased by orthodontic tooth movement. Leptin may be one of the mediators associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement can be carried out without any significant destructive changes in investing tissues of the teeth provided oral hygiene is properly maintained.
Keywords: Leptin Gingival crevicular fluid, GCF, orthodontic, etc.