bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of video and in-hospital consultations during early in-home care for premature infants and their families: A randomised trial
Authors: Hägi-Pedersen Mai-Britt , Dessau Ram B , Norlyk Annelise , Stanchev Hristo , Kronborg Hanne 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Early in-home care is increasingly being used in Scandinavian countries for clinically stable premature infants. Due to challenges with travel and hospital resources, alternative ways to support parents during early in-home care are being considered. The aim of this study was to test whether the proportion of mothers exclusively breastfeeding, parental confidence and mother–infant interaction increased after early in-home care with premature infants, and to compare the outcomes of in-home care involving the use of video communication and a mobile application with those of in-home care involving in-hospital consultations. Methods This study was conducted in four neonatal wards offering premature infant in-home care in Denmark. Premature infants were randomised using 1:1 block randomisation. During early in-home care, families had planned consultations two to three times a week, during which they received support from nurses: the intervention group had video consultations, while the control group had in-hospital consultations. Results The proportion of exclusively breastfeeding mothers at discharge was 66.7% in the intervention group vs 66% in the control group and decreased to 49.4% vs 55%, respectively, 1 month after discharge. No significant improvements were found in the intervention group compared with the control group. In the intervention group, some video consultations were changed to telephone consultations due to problems with the video function, or to in-hospital consultations due to infants’ requirement for medical services. No significant differences in secondary outcomes were observed. Discussion The study showed similar breastfeeding proportions at discharge. No unfavourable effects of video consultation compared with in-hospital consultation were found, indicating that video consultation could be a viable option and an important supplement during early in-home care. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02581800.
Characterization of dayshift tele-ICU pharmacist activities
Authors: Griffiths Carrie L , Kosmisky Desiree E , Everhart Sonia S 
Published: March 2020

Background Critical care services have expanded over the last decade to include tele-ICU. In 2015, Atrium Health’s pharmacy services began covering tele-ICU patients from 3–11 PM. In 2017, dayshift tele-ICU pharmacy services were added on Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 8 AM to 12 PM. Cutting-edge technology and software integration allow alerts to be generated in areas of abnormal glucose, electrolyte and lactate levels. This analysis was conducted to describe the interventions recommended during dayshift hours. Methods Data collected from 1 August 2017 to 30 June 2018, the first 11 months of dayshift pharmacist coverage, include number of charts reviewed per shift, interventions and specific types logged, if the intervention was tied to an alert and if it was accepted or rejected. Interventions can originate from alerts or from proactive assessment by the pharmacist. Descriptive statistics were reported. Results On average, 41 charts were reviewed per shift. Over an 11-month period, 1024 interventions were made for 634 patient chart reviews. Some 89% of all interventions were accepted or accepted with modifications. Of the total interventions, 37 (3.6%) were adverse drug events avoided and 658 (64.4%) were interventions unrelated to alert data. Medication management accounted for 44.3% of all interventions. Discussion Proactive assessment rather than alert review resulted in the majority of interventions, demonstrating that reviewing every ICU patient is vital for improving patient care. Determining optimal avenues for intervention delivery and integration with the bedside multidisciplinary teams remains one of the biggest challenges. Dayshift innovations included weekly virtual rounds and providing drug information for the bedside teams.
Video-interpreting for cognitive assessments: An intervention study and micro-costing analysis
Authors: Hwang Kerry , De Silva Anurika , Simpson Julie A , LoGiudice Dina , Engel Lidia , Gilbert Andrew S , Croy Samantha , Haralambous Betty 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Evidence in the literature demonstrates the reliability of cognitive screening assessments using video technology in English-speaking older populations. However, this has not been tested in older culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations who require an interpreter, and what the associated costs would be. The aim was to determine if the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) could be reliably administered over video-interpreting methods compared with face-to-face interpreting. In addition, the study aims to compare the costs of video-interpreting with the costs of face-to-face interpreting. Methods We compared similarity of the RUDAS and GDS scores when administered face-to-face and via video-interpreting. The similarity of scores between methods was analysed using paired t-tests and Bland–Altman plots. A costing analysis was done using a micro-costing approach to estimate the costs of video-interpreting compared with face-to-face, extrapolated to a national level. Results Analysis found no significant differences in the mean assessment scores between video-interpreting and face-to-face (RUDAS mean difference: −0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.09, 0.38, GDS mean difference: 0.22; 95% CI: −0.38, 0.83). Bland–Altman plots demonstrated that 71% of RUDAS scores and 82% of GDS scores were within the maximum allowed difference of ±2 units. Costing analysis showed a A$7 saving per assessment when using video-interpreting compared with face-to-face, with a total national saving of A$247,350. Discussion Video-interpreting was found to be as reliable as face-to-face interpreting for both RUDAS and GDS assessments. Cost analysis indicates that video-interpreting is cheaper than face-to-face interpreting.
The Risk of Acute Pancreatitis and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Use: A Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies
Authors: Lai Shih-Wei , Yu Cheng-Chan , Lin Cheng-Li , Liao Kuan-Fu 
Published: March 2020

Background/Objective: Some case series and case report have shown the association between the risk of acute pancreatitis and use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The results of systematic studies were not consistent. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the risk of acute pancreatitis associated with use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Results: There was no statistical association between the risk of acute pancreatitis and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors use (odds ratio: 1.19, 95% confidence interval: 0.93-1.51). Conclusions: Despite reaching no statistical significance, the possibility of the association between the risk of acute pancreatitis and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors use cannot be totally excluded.
The relationship between elevated serum uric acid and arterial stiffness in a healthy population
Authors: Jiang Ye , Ge Ji-Yong , Zhang Yu-Yan , Wang Fang-Fang , Ji Yuan , Li Hai-Yan 
Published: March 2020

Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid and arterial stiffness in a healthy population. Methods Among the 979 participants, baPWV was non-invasively measured, the circulating levels of uric acid were tested, and the uric acid polymorphisms (rs2231142 and rs11722228) were genotyped. Then, the Mendelian randomization method was employed to test the relationship between serum uric acid and arterial stiffness in a healthy population. Results After adjusting for age, gender, antihypertensive medication, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, urea nitrogen, creatinine and diabetic mellitus, there was a significant allelic difference in uric acid levels for each genotype ( P <  0.0001 for rs2231142; P =  0.007 for rs11722228). However, there were no differences on the potential confounders between the genotypes of rs2231142 and rs11722228 ( P >  0.05). The baPWV was significantly associated with circulating levels of uric acid after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and other potential confounders ( P =  0.002). However, neither the single polymorphism, nor the accumulation of culprit alleles was associated with baPWV ( P =  0.92 for rs2231142; P =  0.60 for rs11722228; P for trend = 0.77 for the combined analysis of culprit alleles). Conclusion These results do not support the causal role of circulating levels of uric acid in the development of arterial stiffness.
A prospective observational study of the epidemiology and pathological profile of RCC in a South African referral centre
Authors: Du Plessis D. E. , Van Deventer H. , Fernandez P. , Van Der Merwe A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
There are global differences in the incidence, stage, prognosis, pathological profile and presentation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We review and describe the risk factors, pathological profile, stage and epidemiology of RCC in a South African centre. Prospective data were collected from all patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy for suspected RCC from July 2016 to March 2018.

Results
We collected data from 35 patients and excluded four patients after histological examination showed benign disease. The most common mode of presentation was incidental finding in 48%; with only one case presenting with the classical triad of abdominal mass, flank pain and macroscopic haematuria. The pathological profile of RCC cases included: clear cell 23 (74%), papillary type II 5 (16%), papillary mixed type I and II 1 (3%) and chromophobe 2 (7%). The pathological stage of the patients varied, from pT1a to pT3b. The median stage of presentation was pT1b. There was a trend towards a more advanced stage with the presence of obesity, female gender, smoking and hypertension.

Conclusion
The pathological profile and presenting symptoms in our population mimics that seen in Europe and the USA, with the exception of an increased prevalence of papillary type II RCC. The stage and presenting symptoms differ from that seen in other African studies, whilst our population followed the trend of younger presentation seen elsewhere in Africa.
Dynamics of gene expression associated with arsenic uptake and transport in rice during the whole growth period
Authors: Pan Dandan , Yi Jicai , Li Fangbai , Li Xiaomin , Liu Chuanping , Wu Weijian , Tao Tingting 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Genes associated with arsenite uptake and transport in rice plants (i.e., OsLsi1, OsLsi2, OsLsi3, OsLsi6 and OsABCC1) have been identified to date. However, their expression over time during the whole growth period of rice under arsenite stress conditions is still poorly understood. In this study, the dynamics of gene expression associated with arsenite transport and arsenic concentrations in different organs of rice were investigated to determine the critical period(s) of arsenite uptake and translocation regulated by gene expression during the whole growth period.

Results
The relative expression of OsLsi2 and OsLsi1 in the roots was upregulated and reached its highest value (2-∆∆Ct = 4.04 and 1.19, respectively) at the jointing stage (9 weeks after transplantation), in which the arsenic concentration in roots also was the highest at 144 mg/kg. A range from 45.1 to 61.2% of total arsenic accumulated in the roots during seedling to heading stages (3–16 weeks), which was mainly associated with the relatively high expression of OsABCC1 (1.50–7.68), resulting in arsenic located in the vacuoles of roots. Subsequently, the As translocation factor from root to shoot increased over time from heading to milky ripe (16–20 weeks), and 74.3% of the arsenic accumulated in shoots at the milk stage. Such an increase in arsenic accumulation in shoots was likely related to the findings that (i) OsABCC1 expression in roots was suppressed to 0.14–0.75 in 18–20 weeks; (ii) OsLsi3 and OsABCC1 expression in nodes I, II, and III was upregulated to 4.01–25.8 and 1.59–2.36, respectively, in 16–20 weeks; and (iii) OsLsi6 and OsABCC1 expression in leaves and husks was significantly upregulated to 2.03–5.26 at 18 weeks.

Conclusions
The jointing stage is the key period for the expression of arsenite-transporting genes in roots, and the heading to milky ripe stages are the key period for the expression of arsenite-transporting genes in shoots, both of which should be considered for regulation during safe rice production in arsenic-contaminated paddy soil.

Graphical abstract
Pembrolizumab-induced hypothyroidism caused reversible increased serum creatinine levels: a case report
Authors: Matsuoka Natsumi , Tsuji Kenji , Ichihara Eiki , Hara Takayuki , Fukushima Kazuhiko , Toma Kishio , Kitamura Shinji , Inagaki Kenichi , Sugiyama Hitoshi , Wada Jun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced malignancies. On the other hand, these drugs might cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including endocrinopathies and nephropathies. Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common irAEs. For ICIs-induced nephropathies, most cases are due to tubulointerstitial nephritis, which might require steroid treatment. Here, we report a patient with non-small cell lung cancer treated with ICI who developed increased serum creatinine (s-Cr) levels due to ICIs-induced hypothyroidism.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old Asian man with refractory non-small cell lung cancer under ICIs therapy (pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed cell death-1 monoclonal antibody) developed increased s-Cr levels 5 months after the pembrolizumab initiation. His laboratory data, renal biopsy, and Gallium-67 scintigraphy findings denied pembrolizumab-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis. His renal function was correlated with thyroid function. Despite the increase of s-Cr levels, serum cystatin C levels were normal, which could be explained by the hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine treatment improved renal function as well as thyroid function. Then pembrolizumab was resumed, and both his thyroid and renal function remained normal level. Ultimately, we concluded that the increased s-Cr levels were caused by pembrolizumab-induced hypothyroidism.

Conclusion
All clinicians involved in ICI treatment need to recognize the possible increase in s-Cr levels caused by ICIs-induced hypothyroidism, and we propose monitoring serum cystatin C levels to differentiate ICIs-induced hypothyroidism from tubulointerstitial nephritis before invasive renal biopsies or steroid treatment, which are recommended by the prescribing information for pembrolizumab, are performed.
Enhancement of tendon-bone interface healing and graft maturation with cylindrical titanium-web (TW) in a miniature swine anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model: histological and collagen-based analysis
Authors: Ryu Keisho , Saito Mitsuru , Kurosaka Daisaburo , Kitasato Seiichiro , Omori Toshiyuki , Hayashi Hiroteru , Kayama Tomohiro , Marumo Keishi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Tendon-bone interface healing and ligamentization of the graft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autografts are important factors affecting treatment outcome. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a cylindrical titanium-web (TW) in tendon-bone interface healing and graft maturation in ACL reconstruction.

Methods
Fourteen mature female CLAWN miniature swine underwent bilateral ACL reconstructions with patellar tendon (PT) autografts. In one limb, the TW/tendon complex was placed into the proximal side of the tibial tunnel. Only the graft was transplanted into the tunnel in the control limb. The proximal side of the graft was sutured into the stump of the native ACL and the distal end was stapled to the tibia. The animals were euthanized at 4 and 15 weeks postoperatively, for histological and biochemical analyses.

Results
Microscopic images in TW limbs showed that ingrowth of tendon-like tissue and mineralized bone tissue into the TW connected the bone and the tendon directly. In contrast, fibrous tissue intervened between the bone and tendon in the control limbs. The total amount of collagen cross-links (which defines the strength of collagen fibers) and the maturation of collagen cross-links in TW tendons were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of control limbs. There was no significant difference in the ratio of dihydroxy-lysinonorleucine to hydroxy-lysinonorleucine (an indicator of tissue specific collagen maturation) between TW tendons and that of the native PT.

Conclusions
TW promoted the maturation and formation of collagen cross-links in the grafted tendon while maintaining the cross-links pattern of native tendon collagen, and enabled direct binding of tendon to bone.
Training in obstetric and neonatal emergencies in Mexico: effect on knowledge and self-efficacy by gender, age, shift, and profession
Authors: Fritz Jimena , Montoya Alejandra , Lamadrid-Figueroa Héctor , Flores-Pimentel Delia , Walker Dilys , Treviño-Siller Sandra , González-Hernández Dolores , Magaña-Valladares Laura 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundContinuing education is essential for healthcare workers. Education interventions can help to maintain and improve competency and confidence in the technical skills necessary to address adverse events. However, characteristics of the health provider such as age (related to more critical and reflexive attitude); sex (relationship with gender socialization), profession and work conditions might have an influence on the effect of continuing education efforts.MethodsA training in the management of obstetric and neonatal emergencies (PRONTO, Spanish acronym forNeonatal and Obstetric Rescue Program: Optimal and Timely treatment) was implemented in 14 hospitals in six Mexican states between 2013 and 2014, with a before-after evaluation design. A total of 351 health providers including physicians, interns, nurses and midwives completed the training and were included in the analytic sample. Mixed-effects regression models were fitted to model changes in knowledge and self-efficacy scores after the training for each training topic. Interaction terms of training with age, gender, profession, and shift were included to evaluate possible heterogeneities of effect. All models considered the within-hospital clustering of participants.ResultsAfter training, all participants showed a significant knowledge gain by an average of 19 percentage points for hemorrhage, 23 for neonatal resuscitation, 19 for shoulder dystocia, and 15 for preeclampsia/eclampsia (p < 0.001). Participants who worked night shifts showed lower scores for overall knowledge, compared with morning shift workers. Interns perceived the lowest self-efficacy while they scored very high in knowledge. Self-efficacy in managing obstetric and neonatal emergencies increased significantly by 16 percentage points in average.ConclusionsOur results show that PRONTO is generally successful in increasing knowledge and self-efficacy on all topics but knowledge and self efficacy levels vary greatly by factors such as work shift. Training should be particularly aimed at personnel working during weekends and night shifts, as well as interns and nurses.
Medical assessment in the age of digitalisation
Authors: Egarter Saskia , Mutschler Anna , Tekian Ara , Norcini John , Brass Konstantin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Digital assessment is becoming more and more popular within medical education. To analyse the dimensions of this digital trend, we investigated how exam questions (items) are created and designed for use in digital medical assessments in Germany. Thus, we want to explore whether different types of media are used for item creation and if a digital trend in medical assessment can be observed.

Methods
In a cross-sectional descriptive study, we examined data of 30 German medical faculties stored within a common assessment platform. More precise, 23,008 exams which contained 847,137 items were analysed concerning the exam type (paper-, computer- or tablet-based) and their respective media content (picture, video and/or audio). Out of these, 5252 electronic exams with 12,214 questions were evaluated. The media types per individual question were quantified.

Results
The amount of computer- and tablet-based exams were rapidly increasing from 2012 until 2018. Computer- and tablet-based written exams showed with 45 and 66% a higher percentage of exams containing media in comparison to paper-based exams (33%). Analysis on the level of individual questions showed that 90.8% of questions had one single picture. The remaining questions contained either more than one picture (2.9%), video (2.7%), audio (0.2%) or 3.3% of questions had picture as well as video added. The main question types used for items with one picture are TypeA (54%) and Long_Menu (31%). In contrast, questions with video content contain only 11% TypeA questions, whereas Long_Menu is represented by 66%. Nearly all questions containing both picture and video are Long_Menu questions.

Conclusions
It can be stated that digital assessment formats are indeed on the raise. Moreover, our data indicates that electronic assessments formats have easier options to embed media items and thus show a higher frequency of media addition. We even identified the usage of different media types in the same question and this innovative item design could be a useful feature for the creation of medical assessments. Moreover, the choice of media type seems to depend on the respective question type.
Examining validity and reliability of objective structured clinical examination for evaluation of clinical skills of midwifery undergraduate students: a descriptive study
Authors: Kolivand Mitra , Esfandyari Marzie , Heydarpour Sousan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Clinical evaluation is one of the main pillars of medical education. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination is one of the commonly adopted practical tools to evaluate clinical and practical skills of medical students. The purpose of the study is to determine validity and reliability of Objective Structured Clinical Examination for evaluation of clinical skills of midwifery undergraduate students.

Methods
Seven clinical skills were evaluated in this descriptive correlative study using a performance checklist. Census method was used for sampling. Thirty-two midwifery students performed the skills at seven stations each monitored by an observer using an evaluation checklist. Criterion validity was obtained through determining the correlation between the clinical and theoretical courses point and the Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation score. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS (v.20) and logistic regression test.

Results
The correlation score of Objective Structured Clinical Examination was significantly related to the mean score of clinical course “Normal and Abnormal delivery I” (0.399, p = 0.024) and the mean score of clinical course “gynaecology “(0.419, p = 0.017). There was no significant correlation between OSCE scores and the mean score of theoretical courses (0.23, p = 0. 200).
The correlation between the total score and mean score of students at the stations showed that out of the seven stations, the correlations of the stations three (communication and collecting medical history) and four (childbirth) were not significant.

Conclusion
Although, it appeared that Objective Structured Clinical Examination was one of the effective and efficient ways to evaluate clinical competencies and practical skills of students, the tool could not evaluate all the aspects.