bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemi Döneminde COVID-19 Kliniği ile Başvuran ve Tesadüfen Tespit Edilen AIDS Olgusu
Authors: AKGÜL Fethiye 
Published: December 2020

Pneumocystis pnömonisi (PCP), Pneumocystis jirovecii mantarının neden olduğu ciddi bir fırsatçı enfeksiyondur. Bununla birlikte, 31 Aralık 2019’da Çin’in Wuhan eyaletinde etiyolojisi bilinmeyen pnömoni vakalarının tanınmasını takiben, hastalarda şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2019’un (SARS-CoV-2) saptanması, yeni bir koronavirüs türünü ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu virüsün neden olduğu hastalık daha sonra Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından COVID-19 (Coronavirus hastalığı 2019) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Klinik pratikte, her iki enfeksiyonda (PCP ve COVID-19) da ateş, nefes darlığı ve bilateral akciğer parankiminde pnömonik infiltrasyonla uyumlu radyolojik bulgularla karşılaşmaktayız. 11 Mayıs 2020 itibariyle, COVID-19 salgını beş kıtada 198 ülkeyi ve yaklaşık 4.239.167 kişiyi etkilemiştir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü 20 Mart 2020 tarihinde pandemi ilan etmiştir.
Pandemi döneminde ateş ve solunum sıkıntısı ile gelen her hastada öncelikle COVID-19 düşünülmeli ve daha ileri tetkikler yapılmalıdır. 22 yaşında erkek hasta bu dönemde 2 gündür olan ateş ve solunum sıkıntısı şikayeti ile başvurdu. Fizik muayenesinde ateşi 38,3oC idi ve akciğer oskültasyonunda ince bilateral ralleri vardı. Laboratuvar testlerinde ise kan glukoz seviyesi 100 mg/dl, serum kreatinin seviyesi 0,59 mg/dl, AST 46 U/L, ALT 17 U/L, LDH 1102 U/L, CRP 62 mg/L, D-dimer 954 mg/L, lökosit sayısı 12.410 /mm3 (%87,6 nötrofil; %6,8 lenfosit), hemoglobin 11.9 g/dl ve trombosit sayısı 258000 /mm3 idi. Toraks bilgisayarlı tomografisinde (BT) her iki akciğerde, daha belirgin olarak sol tarafta ve alt loblarda yamalı buzlu cam dansiteli alanlar izlendi. Hasta COVID-19 ön tanısı ile interne edildi ve sonrasında Anti-HIV testi pozitif çıktı. Klinik, laboratuvar ve radyolojik incelemelere dayanarak hem COVID-19 hem de PCP tedavilerini olgumuza uyguladık. Sonunda iyileştikten sonra taburcu edildi. Pandemi sırasında sadece SARS-COV-2 değil, aynı zamanda akciğer enfeksiyonlarına neden olabilecek diğer infeksiyöz etkenler de göz ardı edilmemeli ve ayırıcı tanıda hepsi düşünülmelidir.
A glimpse of the limits of the European economic governance through the legislative and jurisprudential route of the "after-Weimar" German "economic constitution"
Authors: Censi Damiano 
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research is to reconstruct the actual limits of the legal framework of the management of public finances in the European Monetary Union, using the perspective of the path of the after-Weimar” German “economic constitution”. The EU federative process doesn’t present the same legal characteristics of any other, including the German one. Nevertheless, some problems are necessarily similar, and similar solutions may be found. Consequently, this paper focuses on the succession of reforms in European economic governance since 2008 analyzing, in particular, the theme of sharing debt liabilities at a European level trough the dialogue between the Bundesverfassungsgericht and the EU institution.
Estudio de las transformaciones del paisaje urbano de la civitas Igaeditanorum en la Antigüedad tardía (Idanha-a-Velha, Beira Baixa, Portugal)
Authors: Sánchez Ramos Isabel Maria 
Published: December 2020

Desde 2012, un equipo interdisciplinar ha afrontado el estudio de la topografía urbana y del territorio de la antigua civitas Igaeditanorum que pertenecía a la provincia romana de Lusitania. El yacimiento fue excavado en la segunda mitad del pasado s. XX por el arqueólogo portugués Fernando de Almeida. El proyecto IdaVe ha buscado revitalizar la investigación de la ciudad romana durante la Antigüedad tardía, sin obviar otros períodos históricos, utilizando un enfoque arqueológico y amplio desde el punto de vista metodológico. El objetivo ha sido proporcionar coherencia a toda la información recabada en intervenciones previas, y realizar nuevas excavaciones para obtener contextos estratigráficos y cronológicos precisos. Todo ello ha permitido realizar análisis de arqueozoología, carpología, palinología y de argamasas.
Modeling the Distribution of Radiofrequency Intensities from the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) Broadcasting Transmitter in Kampala Metropolitan; Uganda
Authors: Opio Peter , Kisolo Akisophel , Ireeta Tumps W. , Okullo Willy 
Published: December 2020

This study presents the modeling of the distribution of RF intensities from the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTTV) broadcasting transmitter in Kampala metropolitan. To achieve this, the performance evaluation of the different path loss propagation models and envisaging the one most suitable for Kampala metropolitan was done by comparing the path loss model values with the measured field Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) values. The RSRP of the DTTV broadcasting transmitter were measured at operating frequencies of 526 MHz, 638 MHz, 730 MHz and 766 MHz using the Aaronia Spectran HF-6065 V4 spectrum analyzer, Aaronia AG HyperLOG 4025 Antenna at 1.5 m and 2.5 m heights, Aaronia GPS Logger, real time Aaronia MCS spectrum-analysis-software and a T430s Lenovo Laptop. On comparing the measured path loss values with the various path loss prediction model values, results showed that Egli and Davidson models are the most accurate and reliable path loss prediction models for the distribution of DTTV RF intensities in Kampala metropolitan, since their Root Mean Square Error values were the least for both routes.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Knowledge among University Students
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Khan Salah-Ud-Din , Saad Eldowaik Mohamed Salah , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: December 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of ALS among students in a university in Malaysia.
Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was performed among the students of three different healthcare provider faculties (Medical, Pharmacy and Dental) in a university with the help of pre-validated research questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze and present the data.
Results: A total of 268 university students from three faculties participated in the current study. The medical faculty students and final year students had more appropriate knowledge towards the ALS.
Conclusion: Overall appropriate knowledge was observed among the studied faculty students. The present study concluded that medical students had adequate knowledge of ALS than the other two faculty students.
Experiences of telemedicine in neurological out‐patient clinics during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kristoffersen Espen Saxhaug , Sandset Else Charlotte , Winsvold Bendik Slagsvold , Faiz Kashif Waqar , Storstein Anette Margrethe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to rapid changes in the delivery of medical care worldwide. The main objective of this survey was to investigate the initial experiences of neurologists with the use of telemedicine for different neurological conditions during the first phase of the COVID‐19.MethodsAll hospital‐based neurologists in Norway (n = 400) were invited to a questionnaire survey by e‐mail in April 2020. The study focused on telemedicine and all questions were answered with regard to the first weeks of the pandemic lockdown in Norway.ResultsOne‐hundred and thirty‐five neurologists responded. Overall, 87% reported a shift toward more telemedicine, with significantly more use of telephone than video consultations for both new referrals (54% vs. 30%, P < 0.001) and follow‐ups (99% vs. 50%, P < 0.001). Respondents deemed it much more professionally satisfactory to conduct follow‐up consultations by telephone, than to carry out consultations with new patients by telephone (85% vs. 13%, P < 0.001). Teleconsultations were better suited for headache and epilepsy patients as compared to multiple sclerosis and movement disorder patients. There was no significant difference between residents and senior consultants regarding how they experienced teleconsultations. Female neurologists found telemedicine better and more effective than male neurologists.InterpretationTelemedicine was rapidly implemented in Norwegian neurological departments during the first weeks of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Teleconsultations were better suited for follow‐ups than for new referrals, and better for headache and epilepsy patients as compared to multiple sclerosis and movement disorder patients.
Aggregation‐enhanced theranostics: AIE sparkles in biomedical field
Authors: Kang Miaomiao , Zhang Zhijun , Song Nan , Li Meng , Sun Panpan , Chen Xiaohui , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTheranostics referring to the ingenious integration of diagnostics and therapeutics has garnered tremendous attention in these years as it provides a promising opportunity for modern personalized and precision medicine. By virtue of the good biocompatibility, outstanding fluorescence property, easy processability and functionalization, promoted photosensitizing efficiency, as well as facile construction of multi‐modality theranostics, fluorophores with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics exhibit inexhaustible and vigorous vitality in the field of theranostics. Numerous significant breakthroughs and state‐of‐the‐art progression have been witnessed in the past few years. This review highlights the tremendous aggregation‐enhanced superiorities of AIE luminogens (AIEgens) in disease theranostics mainly involving diagnostic imaging (fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence), therapeutic intervention (photodynamic therapy), and feasibility in construction of multi‐modality theranostics based on the experimental measurements and theoretical simulations. Additionally, the latest and advanced developments of AIEgens in disease theranostics in the aspect of corresponding strategies to design highly effective AIE‐active theranostics through triggering aggregation formation are comprehensively summarized. Moreover, a brief conclusion with the discussion of current challenges and future perspectives in this area is further presented.
Dual‐layer membrane with hierarchical hydrophobicity and transport channels for nonpolar organic solvent nanofiltration
Authors: Fu Zheng‐Jun , Wang Zhen‐Yuan , Liu Mei‐Ling , Cai Jing , Yuan Pu‐An , Wang Qian , Xing Weihong , Sun Shi‐Peng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNonpolar solvent separation is widely used in petroleum, chemical, food industries, but traditional separation methods consume intensive energy. State‐of‐art organic solvent nanofiltration membranes require complex modifications for nonpolar solvent transport. For the first time, we propose the concurrent modification of the surface, interface and support layer of dual‐layer membranes with three additives (perfluorodecylamine, fluoro substituted aromatic amine, silica nanoparticles) in a one‐step cocasting process. A delamination‐free dual‐layer membrane was obtained with a hierarchical hydrophobicity and transport channels. The novel designed structure elevated the pure n‐hexane permeance (28.75 L m−2hr−1bar−1) by 3 orders of magnitude with a high lecithin rejection (98.7%). This method of synergistically controlling the hierarchical structures and properties of dual‐layer membranes can significantly shorten the preparation process of high‐performance nonpolar solvent nanofiltration membranes.
Photo and pH Dual‐Responsive Supramolecular Vesicles Based on a Water‐Soluble Tribenzotriquinacene and an Azobenzene‐Containing Amphiphile in Water
Authors: Wang Xin‐Rui , Li Man‐Ping , Xu Wen‐Rong , Kuck Dietmar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe synthesized a new water‐soluble tribenzotriquinacene‐based hexacarboxylate (TBTQ‐C6, or H) which can associate with an azobenzene‐containing amphiphile (trans‐AZO) to form the H ⊃ trans‐AZO supra‐amphiphile by host‐guest interactions in water. This supra‐amphiphile further self‐assembles into photo and pH dual‐responsive vesicles. The reversible conversion between the vesicles and micelles can be easily controlled by both UV or visible light irradiation and pH adjustment. This work represents the first study of stimuli‐responsive TBTQ‐based supramolecular vesicles, which may have potential applications in various fields such as controlled drug delivery systems.
Addressing the Perioperative Nursing Shortage Via a Perioperative Nursing Preceptorship for Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Manz Julie , Williams Katherine , Jessen Jennifer , Kirkpatrick Amanda 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTA growing demand for perioperative nurses, insufficient interest in the perioperative nursing specialty, and nurse retirements have resulted in a perioperative nursing workforce shortage. Undergraduate nursing students’ limited exposure to perioperative content, along with facility hiring practices that exclude recently graduated nurses, further contribute to this shortage. To address these concerns, a large health care system in the midwestern United States partnered with a college of nursing to institute a perioperative preceptorship for baccalaureate nursing students during their final semester. After completing the preceptorship, students reported increased understanding of perioperative nursing roles and responsibilities, time management, and patient safety skills; ability to work effectively as a part of an interdisciplinary team; and independence in the perioperative setting. Future study is needed to examine rates of matriculation among program graduates into perioperative nursing positions and the program’s effect on the length of orientation for recently graduated nurses and nurse retention.
Clinical Issues—January 2021
Authors: Cahn Julie 
Published: December 2020

THIS MONTH
Containment of unopened sterile supplies during procedures
Key words: unopened sterile instruments, unopened sterile supplies, contamination, containment, event-related sterility.
Contamination of solutions in sterile basins
Key words: sterile basin, splash basin, instrument table, solution contamination, surgical site infection.
Preventing contamination of solutions in sterile basins
Key words: sterile basin, splash basin, instrument table, solution contamination, airborne particulates.
Surgical mask selection
Key words: surgical mask, product label, facial fit, barrier level.
Performance of the sulfonated poly ether ether ketone proton exchange membrane modified with sulfonated polystyrene and phosphotungstic acid for microbial fuel cell applications
Authors: Samaei Seyed Hesam‐Aldin , Bakeri Gholamreza , Lashkenari Mohammad Soleimani 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this research, the preparation of low cost proton exchange membranes (PEMs) based on sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) for application in the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is studied. Sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) and phosphotungstic acid (PWA) were employed to improve the performance of PEM through the creation of more proton pathways. At first, the sulfonation of PEEK and polystyrene were performed through two modified methods to obtain uniform and high degree of sulfonation (DS) of the polymers and then, the PEMs were prepared through the solution casting method. Accordingly, the formation of uniform skin layer was confirmed by the SEM micrographs. Blending the aforementioned additives to the SPEEK polymer solution significantly enhanced the proton conductivity, water uptake and durability of the modified membranes. The proton conductivities of SPEEK/SPS and SPEEK/PWA membranes at additive/SPEEK weight ratio of 0.15 were 45.3% and 26.2% higher than that of the commercial Nafion117 membrane, respectively. Moreover, the degradation times for the abovementioned modified membranes were 140 and 350 min which indicated satisfactory oxidation stability. Besides, the aforementioned membranes exhibited two times more water uptake compared to the neat SPEEK membrane. Finally, SPEEK/SPS and SPEEK/PWA membranes produced 68% and 36% higher maximum power in the MFC, compared to the commercial Nafion117 membrane. Therefore, the fabricated PEMs are potentially suitable alternatives to be used in the fuel cell applications.
Roadmap on Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Xu Chenxuan , Yang Guang , Wu Daxiong , Yao Meng , Xing Chunxian , Zhang Jiahe , Zhang Haitao , Li Fang , Feng Yuezhan , Qi Shihan , Zhuo Ming , Ma Jianmin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIonic liquids are considered to be promising electrolyte solvents or additives for rechargeable batteries (i. e., lithium‐ion batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, lithium‐sulfur batteries, aluminum‐ion batteries, etc.) and supercapacitors. This is related with the superior physical and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids, which can influence the performance of rechargeable batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to write a roadmap on ionic liquids for rechargeable batteries. In this roadmap, some progress, critical techniques, opportunities and challenges of ionic liquid electrolytes for various batteries and supercapacitors are pointed out. Especially, properties and roles of ionic liquids should be considered in energy storage. Ionic liquids can be used as electrolyte salts, electrolyte additives, and solvents. For optimizing ionic liquid‐based electrolytes for energy storage, their applications in various energy storage devices should be considered by combing native chemical/physical properties and their roles. We expect that this roadmap will give a useful guidance in directing future research in ionic liquid electrolytes for rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors.
Discussion on “Correct and logical causal inference for binary and time‐to‐event outcomes in randomized controlled trials” by Yi Liu, Bushi Wang, Miao Yang, Jianan Hui, Heng Xu, Siyoen Kil, and Jason C. Hsu
Authors: Pennello Gene , Xu Dandan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn their paper, Liu et al. (2020) pointed out illogical discrepancies between subgroup and overall causal effects for some efficacy measures, in particular the odds and hazard ratios. As the authors show, the culprit is subgroups having prognostic effects within treatment arms. In response to their provocative findings, we found that the odds and hazard ratios are logic respecting when the subgroups are purely predictive, that is, the distribution of the potential outcome for the control treatment is homogeneous across subgroups. We also found that when we redefined the odds and hazards ratio causal estimands in terms of the joint distribution of the potential outcomes, the discrepancies are resolved under specific models in which the potential outcomes are conditionally independent. In response to other discussion points in the paper, we also provide remarks on association versus causation, confounding, statistical computing software, and dichotomania.
Insider perspectives on growth: Implications for a nondichotomous understanding of ‘sustainable’ and conventional entrepreneurship
Authors: Klapper Rita G. , Upham Paul , Blundel Richard K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to offer an alternative to a priori theorising in research on firm‐level growth and environmental sustainability. We outline an approach that combines John Shotter's phenomenology with post‐hoc application of the Bourdieusian concepts of habitus, practices and social capital. This is illustrated empirically through a study conducted with a small group of Finnish entrepreneurs, which examines their lived experience of growth alongside its practical application in their ventures. The entrepreneurs' responses reveal holistic perspectives on growth that extend beyond the economic to incorporate personal commitments to norms of collectivity and well‐being for themselves and others. The paper offers an exploratory but empirically grounded approach, arguing that a combination of insiders' perspectives and attention to the social embedding of economic activity challenge the dichotomous distinctions between sustainable and conventional entrepreneurship and reveal a degree of commonality that would not be evident via conventional categorisations on the basis of features such as business model type.
Home‐based chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients in Thailand: Cost‐utility and budget impact analyses
Authors: Kulthanachairojana Nattanichcha , Chansriwong Phichai , Thokanit Nintita Sripaiboonkij , Sirilerttrakul Suwannee , Wannakansophon Nopakan , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHome‐based chemotherapy (HC) is a new treatment alternative to hospital‐based chemotherapy treatment (IP) and is administered via portable intravenous pumps at the patient's home. HC reduces the demand for inpatient bed capacity in hospitals and reduces the cost of an infusion. This study takes a societal perspective while conducting the cost‐utility and budget impact analyses (BIA) of HC and IP with an mFOLFOX6 regimen on patients with stage III colon cancer. We conducted a cost‐utility analysis with a 6‐month time horizon. The parameter inputs for the model were gathered from a retrospective cohort study on patients diagnosed with stage III colon cancer at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok. The resource usage of HC and IP was determined based on medical records. The per‐unit direct medical, home health service, and adverse events (AE) management costs were gathered from the standard cost list. The health outcome of treatment was measured in terms of quality‐adjusted life years. Disutility related to AE was calculated. We conducted a sensitivity analysis for the uncertainty results and performed BIA based on the societal perspective on a 1‐year time horizon. HC provided a cost‐saving of $1,513.37 per patient for the period of treatment. Thus, assuming 526 patients per year, the use of HC could achieve a cumulative annual cost‐saving of $828,436. HC is a cost‐saving strategy compared to IP for stage III colon cancer treatment. We recommend that the service reimbursement should include national standardization in chemotherapy regimens as well as practice guidelines and protocols to prevent serious AEs.
Impact of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake on patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and preparations for the future
Authors: Tamura Hiroshi , Nagata Hiroko , Furuie Keishiro , Kuraoka Shohei , Hidaka Yuko , Nakazato Hitoshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus should establish a support network system by contacting the government to ensure that water can be preferentially obtained in the event of a disaster and create and carry a medical alert card.