bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency ratio of an 115In+ ion clock and a 87Sr optical lattice clock
Authors: Ohtsubo Nozomi , Li Ying , Nemitz Nils , Hachisu Hidekazu , Matsubara Kensuke , Ido Tetsuya , Hayasaka Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2020

We report on the first, to the best of our knowledge, frequency ratio measurement of an

single-ion clock and a

optical lattice clock. A hydrogen
maser serves as a flywheel oscillator to measure the ratio by
independent optical combs. From 89,000 s of measurement time, the
frequency ratio

is determined to be 2.952 748 749 874
863 3(23) with

relative uncertainty. The measurement
creates a new connection in the network of frequency ratios of optical
clocks.
LOS TRIBUNALES PENALES INTERNACIONALES COMO ANTECEDENTES DE LA APLICACIÓN DEL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL A LOS INDIVIDUOS
Authors: Casallas Méndez Oscar Orlando , Santarelli Nicolás Carrillo 
Published: September 2020

El propósito general del artículo es analizar los antecedentes de laaplicación del derecho internacional a los individuos, teniendo como punto departida los tribunales penales internacionales. Del mismo modo, esta investigación también aborda los criterios que permitieron el juzgamiento de individuos frente a estos tribunales. Por lo tanto, se estudiará em el primer momento los juicios de los Tribunales Militares Internacionales de Núremberg, el cual, a partir de su entrada en funcionamiento, asumió la responsabilidad de juzgar a los individuos señalados por cometer crímenes de guerra, contra la humanidad y la paz durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El segundo de los antecedes que se analizará, es la constitución de los Tribunales ad hoc de Yugoslavia (TPIY) y Ruanda (TPIR), los cuales fueron creados como respuesta por parte de la comunidad internacional con la finalidad exclusiva de enjuiciar algunos de los crímenes más graves cometidos a finales del siglo XX. Finalmente, se analiza la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI), que juzga los crímenes internacionales más graves dentro de los escenarios específicos, y los tribunales mixtos. En las distintas fases de la Investigación, se aplicaron las técnicas de referencia, categoría, concepto operativo e investigación bibliográfica. En cuanto a la metodología utilizada, se registra que, en la fase de investigación, se utilizó el método inductivo, en la fase de procesamiento de datos, el método cartesiano, y los resultados expresados con base lógica inductiva.
Highly thermally conductive boron nitride@UHMWPE composites with segregated structure
Authors: Wu Xian , Liu Wei , Ren Li , Zhang Chun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Highly thermally conductive boron nitride (BN)@ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites with the segregated structure were fabricated by powder mixing and hot pressing. Scanning electron microscopy and polarizing optical microscopy were used to analyze the dispersion of BN particles in the UHMWPE matrix. The morphology observation shows that BN particles are selectively located at the interfaces of UHMWPE particles and form continuous thermally conductive networks after the compression molding process. As a result, the thermal conductivity of the BN@UHMWPE composite increases to 3.37 W m−1 K−1 with 38.3 vol% BN, which is seven times larger than that of the pure UHMWPE. Furthermore, the incorporation of BN also influences the crystallinity and thermal properties of UHMWPE.
Phase change materials for building construction: An overview of nano-/micro-encapsulation
Authors: Sivanathan Amende , Dou Qingqing , Wang Yuxuan , Li Yunfeng , Corker Jorge , Zhou Yonghui , Fan Mizi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Buildings contribute to 40% of total global energy consumption, which is responsible to 38% of greenhouse gas emissions. It is critical to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings to mitigate global warming. In the last decade, advances in thermal energy storage (TES) techniques using phase change material (PCM) have gained much attention among researchers, mainly to reduce energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy sources such as solar energy. PCM technology is one of the most promising technologies available for the development of high performance and energy-efficient buildings and, therefore, considered as one of the most effective and on-going fields of research. The main limitation of PCM is its leakage problem which limits its potential use in building construction and other applications such as TES and textiles, which can be overcome by employing nano-/micro-encapsulation technologies. This paper comprehensively overviews the nano-/micro-encapsulation technologies, which are mainly classified into three categories including physical, physiochemical and chemical methods, and the properties of microcapsules prepared. Among all encapsulation technologies available, the chemical method is commonly used since it offers the best technological approach in terms of encapsulation efficiency and better structural integrity of core material. There is a need to develop a method for the synthesis of nano-encapsulated PCMs to achieve enhanced structural stability and better fracture resistance and, thus, longer service life. The accumulated database of properties/performance of PCMs and synthesised nano-/micro-capsules from various techniques presented in the paper should serve as the most useful information for the production of nano-/micro-capsules with desirable characteristics for building construction application and further innovation of PCM technology.
Injury of the optic radiation in patients with mild TBI: A DTT study
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Kim Seong Ho , Seo You Sung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated injuries of the optic radiations (ORs) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).MethodsFifty-two consecutive patients who complained of visual problems showed abnormal visual evoked potential (VEP) latency but no abnormality on conventional brain MRI after mild TBI, and fifty normal control subjects were recruited for this study. Subjects’ ORs were reconstructed using DTT, and three DTT parameters (fractional anisotropy [FA], apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], and tract volume) were measured for each OR.ResultsMean FA value and tract volume of the OR were significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (p< 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the ADC values of the OR between the patient and control groups (p> 0.05). A weak negative correlation was detected between VEP latency and OR fiber number (r= 0.204,p< 0.05).ConclusionsDTT revealed that OR injuries were not detected on the conventional brain MRI scans of patients who complained of visual problems and had abnormal VEP latency after mild TBI. Our results suggest that DTT would be a useful technique for detecting OR injury in patients with mild TBI.
Performance Validation of PV System Incorporated ZSI-Dynamic Voltage Restorer for Long-Lasting Power Quality Improvement
Authors: Jamuna P. , Ramani G. , Suresh K. P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A power distribution system’s main challenge is to provide consistent, reliable electricity to fulfill high demand. The incorporation of renewable energy sources into the utility grid system can be accomplished. However, renewable sources are intermittent in nature, and the loads work dynamically and cause imbalances to the system voltage within an immediate time frame. Intermittent renewable sources affect the voltage of the power grid system. Photovoltaic (PV) power generation with Z-source inverter (ZSI)–based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used to avoid negative effects on the voltage. For step-up low direct current (dc) voltage to require alternating current voltage for the compensation of the voltage disturbance, ZSI with an energy storage impedance network is used. dc-dc converters connect the PV cell and the battery storage to the impedance source network. This article also incorporates an improved second-order generalized integrator (I-SOGI) control system for the generation of reference voltage signals. The I-SOGI control reference voltage generation approach greatly improves system performance and decreases the harmonic voltage. The voltage-related problems in the system connected to the utility grid are mitigated with DVR. In different load and source conditions, the PV generation with DVR performance is verified by the experimental prototype.
CERITA RAKYAT SUNAN MURIA: PENDEKATAN STRUKTURAL DAN NILAI KARAKTER
Authors: Amaruddin Hidar , Isnaeni Yanuar Bayu , Waluyo Herman J. , Widodo Sahid Teguh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: This article aims to describe the structure contained in Sunan Muria Folk Literature and describe the character values in Sunan Muria Folk Literature. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The type of plot used in Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency is a straight or advanced plot. The dominant figure in the Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency is a good human character. More background is used in this folk literature. Sunan Muria Folk Literature in Kudus Regency contains varied suggestions. The character values in this folk literature include religious values, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, independence, democratization, friendship/ communicative, peace, social life, and the value of responsibility. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur yang terkandung dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria dan menguraikan nilai-nilai karakter dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis plot yang digunakan dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus adalah plot lurus atau maju. Tokoh dominan dalam Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus adalah karakter manusia yang baik. Latar belakang tempat lebih banyak digunakan dalam literatur rakyat ini. Sastra Rakyat Sunan Muria di Kabupaten Kudus berisi saran variatif. Nilai-nilai karakter yang dalam literatur rakyat ini antara lain nilai religi, kejujuran, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kemandirian, demokratisasi, persahabatan/komunikatif, damai, kehidupan sosial, dan nilai tanggung jawab.
Classification of Tuberculosis and Pneumonia in Human Lung Based on Chest X-Ray Image using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liebenlito Muhaza , Irene Yanne , Hamid Abdul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we use chest x-ray images of Tuberculosis and Pneumonia to diagnose the patient using a convolutional neural network model. We use 4273 images of pneumonia, 1989 images of normal, and 394 images of tuberculosis. The data are divided into 80% as the training set and 20% as the testing set. We do the preprocessing steps to all of our images data, such as resize, converting RGB to grayscale, and Gaussian normalization. On the training dataset, the sampling technique used is undersampling and oversampling to balance each class. The best model was chosen based on the Area under Curve value i.e. the area under the curve of Receiver Operating Characteristics. This method shows that the best model obtains when trains the training dataset using oversampling. The Area under Curve value is 0.99 for tuberculosis and 0.98 for pneumonia. Therefore, this best model succeeds to identify 86% true for tuberculosis and 96% true for pneumonia.Keywords: chest X-ray images; tuberculosis; pneumonia; convolutional neural network. AbstrakPada penelitian ini memanfaatkan data citra chest x-ray penderita penyakit tuberculosis dan pneumonia. Model convolutional neural network digunakan untuk membantu mendiagnosis kedua penyakit ini. Data yang digunakan masing-masing sudah dilabeli sebanyak 4273 citra pneumonia, 1989 citra normal dan 394 citra tuberculosis. Data tersebut dibagi menjadi 80% himpunan data latih dan 20% data uji. Himpunan data tersebut telah melalui 3 tahap prepocessing yaitu resize citra, merubah citra RGB menjadi grayscale dan standarisasi gausian pada citra. Pada data latih dilakukan teknik sampling berupa undersampling dan oversampling data untuk menyeimbangkan data latih antar kelas. Model terbaik dipilih berdasarkan nilai Area under Curve yaitu luas daerah di bawah kurva Receiver Operating Chracteristics. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model terbaik dihasilkan ketika dilatih menggunakan data latih hasil oversampling dengan nilai Area under Curve kelas tuberculosis sebesar 0,99 dan nilai Area under Curve kelas pneumonia sebesar 0,98. Oleh karena itu, model terbaik ini mampu mengindentifikasi sebanyak 86% penyakit tuberculosis dan 96% penyakit pneumonia.Kata Kunci: citra chest X-ray; penyakit infeksi paru; pengolahan citra digital Convolutional Neural Network.
Application of Mathematical Models Two Predators and Infected Prey by Pesticide Control in Nilaparvata Lugens Spreading in Bantul Regency
Authors: Taufiq Irham , Agustito Denik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a mathematical model to analyze interactions between planthopper pests as prey and menochilus sexmaculatus and mirid ladybug as two predators where prey is controlled by pesticides. The interaction between predator and prey is modeled using the Holling type II response function. The predator and prey growth are modeled using a logistic function. From this model, we obtain eight equilibrium points. The three of these equilibrium points are analyzed using linearization and locally asymptotically stable. We simulate this model using data to predict the dynamics of planthopper population and its predators. Simulation result shows that all of these populations will survive because they are influenced by pesticide control and predation rates.Keywords: control of pest; predator-prey model; the Holling type II; the logistic function. AbstrakPada penelitian ini, kami membangun model matematika untuk menganalisis interaksi antara hama wereng sebagai mangsa (prey) dan menochilus sexmaculatus dan mirid ladybug sebagai dua pemangsa (predator) dimana mangsa dikontrol oleh pestisida. Interaksi antara predator dan prey dimodelkan menggunakan fungsi respon Holling tipe II sedangkan pertumbuhan predator dan prey dimodelkan menggunakan fungsi logistik. Dari model tersebut diperoleh delapan titik ekuilibrium. Tiga titik ekuilibrium dari titik-titik equilibrium tersebut dianalisis menggunakan metode linierisasi dan bersifat stabil asimtotik lokal. Kemudian model ini diaplikasikan pada data. Untuk memudahkan interpretasi antara mangsa dan dua pemangsa dilakukan simulasi numerik untuk memprediksikan dinamika populasi wereng dan predatornya. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa semua populasi tersebut akan bertahan hidup karena dipengaruhi oleh kontrol pestisida dan tingkat pemangsaan.Kata Kunci: kontrol pestisida; model predator-prey; Holling tipe II; fungsi logistik.
Some Notes on Relative Commutators
Authors: Ganjali Masoumeh , Erfanian Ahmad 
Published: September 2020

Let G be a group and α ϵ Aut(G). An α-commutator of elements x, y ϵ G is defined as [x, y]α = x-1y-1xyα. In 2015, Barzegar et al. introduced an α-commutator of elements of G and defined a new generalization of nilpotent groups by using the definition of α-commutators which is called an α-nilpotent group. They also introduced an α-commutator subgroup of G, denoted by Dα(G) which is a subgroup generated by all α-commutators. In 2016, an α-perfect group, a group that is equal to its α-commutator subgroup, was introduced by authors of this paper and the properties of such group was investigated. They proved some results on α-perfect abelian groups and showed that a cyclic group G of even order is not α-perfect for any α ϵ Aut(G). In this paper, we may continue our investigation on α-perfect groups and in addition to studying the relative perfectness of some classes of finite p-groups, we provide an example of a non-abelian α-perfect 2-group.
Alternative Formula for the Series of Consecutive m-Squares under Alternating Signs
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F , Mamolo Leo A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper developed a simple but elegant formula for the series of consecutive square of natural numbers under alternating signs. Furthermore, this study investigated the said formula under odd and even number of terms and discuss some important results.Keywords: consecutive -squares; alternating signs; odd and even terms. AbstrakDalam paper ini kita membangun formula yang sederhana namun elegan untuk menghitung jumlah deret berganti-tanda dari kuadrat bilangan-bilangan asli berurutan. Kita akan menyelidiki formula untuk kasus banyaknya suku ganjil maupun genap dan mendiskusikan beberapa hasil yang penting.Kata kunci: -kuadrat berurutan; berganti-tanda; bersuku ganjil dan bersuku genap.
Adolescent Alcohol Use Trajectories: Risk Factors and Adult Outcomes
Authors: Yuen Wing See , Chan Gary , Bruno Raimondo , Clare Philip , Mattick Richard , Aiken Alexandra , Boland Veronica , McBride Nyanda , McCambridge Jim , Slade Tim , Kypri Kypros , Horwood John , Hutchinson Delyse , Najman Jake , De Torres Clara , Peacock Amy 
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVES:Adolescents often display heterogenous trajectories of alcohol use. Initiation and escalation of drinking may be important predictors of later harms, including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Previous conceptualizations of these trajectories lacked adjustment for known confounders of adolescent drinking, which we aimed to address by modeling dynamic changes in drinking throughout adolescence while adjusting for covariates.METHODS:Survey data from a longitudinal cohort of Australian adolescents (n = 1813) were used to model latent class alcohol use trajectories over 5 annual follow-ups (mean age = 13.9 until 17.8 years). Regression models were used to determine whether child, parent, and peer factors at baseline (mean age = 12.9 years) predicted trajectory membership and whether trajectories predicted self-reported symptoms of AUD at the final follow-up (mean age = 18.8 years).RESULTS:We identified 4 classes: abstaining (n = 352); late-onset moderate drinking (n = 503); early-onset moderate drinking (n = 663); and early-onset heavy drinking (n = 295). Having more alcohol-specific household rules reduced risk of early-onset heavy drinking compared with late-onset moderate drinking (relative risk ratio: 0.31; 99.5% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.83), whereas having more substance-using peers increased this risk (relative risk ratio: 3.43; 99.5% CI: 2.10–5.62). Early-onset heavy drinking increased odds of meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood (odds ratio: 7.68; 99.5% CI: 2.41–24.47).CONCLUSIONS:Our study provides evidence that parenting factors and peer influences in early adolescence should be considered to reduce risk of later alcohol-related harm. Early initiation and heavy alcohol use throughout adolescence are associated with increased risk of alcohol-related harm compared with recommended maximum levels of consumption (late-onset, moderate drinking).
MANIFESTASI KEIMANAN AKAN MAKHLUK GHAIB (JIN) DALAM KEHIDUPAN BERAGAMA UMAT ISLAM (Studi Kasus ekspresi beragama Ormas Nahdlatul ‘Ulama dan Persatuan Islam di Kota Bandung)
Authors: Hikmawati Rismawati , Saputra Muhammad 
Published: September 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini didasarkan pada penelitian mengenai keimanan terhadap makhluk ghaib (Jin) yang mempunyai perbedaan penyikapan dan manifestasi tersendiri dalam yang dapat dilihat dari ekspresi keberagamaan warga NU (Nahdlatul Ulama) serta warga Ormas Persis (Persatuan Islam) di Kota Bandung, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan teologis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kemudian diketahui bahwa pertama, kedua ormas memiliki pemahaman bahwa jin juga memiliki kehidupan sendiri seperti manusia dan bisa berinteraksi dengan manusia. Kedua, ormas NU seara umum melaksanakan tradisi-tradisi keagamaan Islam dengan memelihara tradisi lokalnya sebagai ekspresi keimanan terhadap mahluk gaib. Sedangkan ekspresi keberagamaan dan budaya pemikiran ormas Persis manifestasi ritualnya meliputi bentuk ibadah yang sebagaimana yang tertera dalam rukun Islam, demikian juga dengan gaya kehidupan Spiritualistik lainnya, seperti tawasul yang tata caranya terdapat didalam nsh, melakukan tradisi meminta perlindungan dengan kepada Allah melaui doa-doa dalam nash dan rukyah yang menggunakan landasan formal nash.
Modeling the Spatiotemporal Seismicity Patterns of the Longmen Shan Fault Zone Based on the Coulomb Rate and State Model
Authors: Jia Ke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the past two decades, three major earthquakes have occurred near the Longmen Shan fault zone, Sichuan, China (the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, 2013 Mw 6.6 Lushan, and 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquakes), in response to the continuous collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, and have produced numerous aftershocks. Recent studies have demonstrated that physics-based aftershock forecasting holds the potential capability to meet the demands of earthquake forecasting. I have successfully modeled the spatiotemporal seismicity of the Longmen Shan fault zone by applying the coulomb rate and state model by including high-quality data products (e.g., source models and receive faults) and optimized rate-and-state parameters in the calculation. I also investigate the roles of secondary triggering of aftershocks and the friction coefficient in seismicity modeling. The findings suggest that the friction coefficient plays an important role in modeling the observed seismicity, and that the secondary triggering of aftershocks in the Longmen Shan fault zone moderately affects the predicted seismicity.
Adjoint Tomography of the Lithospheric Structure beneath Northeastern Tibet
Authors: Dong Xingpeng , Yang Dinghui , Zhu Hejun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNortheastern Tibet is still in the primary stage of tectonic deformation and is the key area for studying the lateral expansion of the Tibetan plateau. In particular, the existence of lower crustal flow, southward subduction of the Asian lithosphere, and northward subduction of the Indian lithosphere beneath northeastern Tibet remains controversial. To provide insights into these issues, a high-resolution 3D radially anisotropic model of the lithospheric structure of northeastern Tibet is developed based on adjoint tomography. The Tibetan plateau is characterized as a low S-wave velocity lithosphere, in contrast with the relatively high S-wave velocities of the stable Asian blocks. Our tomographic result indicates that the low-velocity zone (LVZ) within the deep crust extends northeastward from Songpan–Ganzi to Qilian, which is interpreted as a channel flow within the crust. The upper mantle of Alxa and Qinling–Qilian are dominated by a rather homogeneous LVZ, which is inconsistent with the hypothesis that the Asian lithospheric mantle is being subducted southward beneath northeastern Tibet. Furthermore, high-velocity regions are observed in the southern Songpan–Ganzi region at depths ranging from 100 to 200 km, indicating that the northward-subducting Indian plate has probably reached the Xianshuihe fault.