bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haunted Places in US Culture
Authors: Žikić Bojan 
Published: July 2020

What makes a place haunted is the narrative of its ghosts: the curse of the place is expressed through the hauntings of that place by the ghosts of the people who died there. Ghosts are an expression of negative transgression, that is, a violation of social norms and cultural values that leads to the moral destabilization of the community: haunted places are places of tragedy, of deaths caused by violence and negligence. The basic features of haunted places in the US are liminality, the historical experience of what happened there, and the fact that they represent the boundary between the everyday and the impossible. The crossing of the existential boundaries by ghosts is analogous to negative transgression in social behavior. The liminality of ghosts thus corresponds to the liminality of haunted places in spatial, existential, ontological and moral terms. They appear as a kind of propaedeutic device in cultural communication, for the atrocities of their stories address what is good and bad according to the norms of cultural thought, and what is proper and improper in social behavior.
Several different types of places are featured in this discussion: private ones, like dwelling places, as well as numerous public places, including a public library, a quarry, a public park, a village lane, a teahouse, the site of one of the best-known battles in United States history, a former correction facility, a beech etc, across the entire country: Atchison, Kansas; New Orleans, Fort Leavenworth and plantations in Louisiana; Peoria, Illinois; Reelsville, Indiana; Little Bighorn, Montana; Washington DC; New York City; the San Francisco Bay area; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Portage County, Wisconsin; Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Forester, Michigan; Cape May, New Jersey; Tucson, Arizona; Mason, Ohio.
Enhancement of overloaded waste stabilization ponds using different pretreatment technologies: a comparative study from Namibia
Authors: Sinn Jochen , Lackner Susanne 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Waste stabilization ponds (WSP) are a well-established wastewater treatment technology in Namibia. However, they are often overloaded and we still lack concepts and technologies for improvement. Therefore, this study presents the full-scale implementation of two pretreatment technologies to reduce the inflow of organic and solid loads into a facultative pond. We specifically compared the effects of anaerobic biological and mechanical pretreatment by an upstream anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and a 250 μm micro sieve (MS). Not only in Namibia but also in most sub-Saharan countries, there is little experience with these technologies for the treatment of municipal wastewater in small and fast-growing local communities. Both technologies were tested in parallel for a period of 17 months and proved operational. While the UASB achieved better removal results with respect to chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids (TSS), the MS was more flexible in handling changing inflow patterns and had a much smaller footprint. The average total COD reductions of the MS and the UASB were 22 and 50%, respectively. TSS were removed by 45% with the MS and by 57% with the UASB reactor. Therefore, UASB and MS are viable options for the enhancement of existing WSP to reach better effluent values of the facultative pond.
Evaluation of advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of nanofiltration membrane concentrate considering toxicity and oxidation by-products
Authors: Balcik-Canbolat Cigdem , Olmez-Hanci Tugba , Sengezer Cisel , Sakar Hacer , Karagunduz Ahmet , Keskinler Bulent 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper offers a feasible solution for the treatment of membrane concentrate produced from the textile industry, using the Fenton, Advanced Fenton (AF), ozonation and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and combination of these processes. The study investigated the optimum oxidant and catalyst concentrations, optimum operational conditions and comparison of these processes. The potential formation of chlorinated organic compounds after oxidation of membrane concentrate was also investigated by analyzing total organic halogen (TOX) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). Also, toxicity analysis was performed with Vibrio fischeri photobacteria to identify the production possibility of oxidation intermediates that are more toxic and difficult to treat than the targeted contaminants. Maximum removal efficiencies in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color were 18.8% and 60.7% respectively using HC alone at a cavitation number (CN) of 0.1. Maximum COD, total organic carbon (TOC), and color removal efficiency at molar concentrations of 175 mM H2O2 and 35 mM Fe2+ and pH 3 after 30 min was 87.1, 80.8 and 99%. Combined HC with Fenton showed the highest removal efficiency in terms of COD, TOC, and color. It was also stated that the use of high oxidant concentrations masks the synergistic effect of HC on Fenton processes due to the scavenging effect.
Results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with chronic granulomatous disease at the Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital
Authors: Machneva E. B. , Pristanskova E. A. , Olkhova L. V. , Mezentseva A. V. , Konstantinova V. V. , Burya A. E. , Blagonravova O. L. , Nikolaeva Yu. A. , Filina O. A. , Sidorova N. V. , Kirgizov K. I. , Vakhlyarskaya S. S. , Kondratenko I. V. , Skorobogatova E. V. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) belongs to the group of primary immunodeficiencies. Patients with CGD have an impaired quality of life, severe infections and inflammatory organ damage. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment method for CGD. The authors of the article presented the experience of HSCT in patients with CGD in the Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital.Materials and methods. 20 (19 primary and 1 repeated) HSCT during the period from 2009 to 2020 were performed in nineteen patients with CGD. All patients had a long history of infections, three or more foci of chronic infection, 9 patients had a generalized BCG infection. Bone marrow (ВМ) from a related HLA-identical donor was the source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for 4 (21 %) patients, peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) for 2 (10.5 %). ВМ from a unrelated fully HLA-identical donor was performed in 9 (47.4 %) patients, PBSC – 2 (10.5 %). ВМ from a unrelated 9/10 HLA-compatible donor was performed in one (5.3 %) patient. In one case (5.3 %) the HSC source became PBSC from a unrelated 9/10 HLA-compatible donor after TcRαβ/CD19+ depletion. In 68.5 % (n = 13) cases the conditioning regimen included threosulfan, fludarabine, melphalan, and antithymocyte globulin. In 2 (10.5 %) patients, melphalan was excluded from the conditioning regimen; in 4 (21 %), it was replaced by thiotepa.Results. The overall survival (OS) was 88.9 ± 10.5 %, the event-free survival (EFS) was 88.1 ± 7.9 %, and there was no transplant mortality. Transplant rejections were observed in two patients who received HSC from a unrelated 9/10 HLA-compatible donor with a previous conditioning regimen that included only one alkylating agent. In 4 patients (21 %) there was a prolonged persistence of mixed chimerism after HSCT without clinical and laboratory signs of CGD. After successful transplantation all patients were cured of the infectious and inflammatory diseases characteristic of CGD.Conclusion. Results of HSCT in patients with CGD can be considered satisfactory, the OS and EFS are high. Failure of HSCT is associated with transplant rejection, which is most likely due to the donor and patient mismatch, as well as the use of conditioning modes with reduced intensity.
Identification of Critical Functional Modules and Signaling Pathways in Osteoporosis
Authors: Jiang Xiaowei , Ying Pu , Shen Yingchao , Miu Yiming , Kong Wenbin , Lu Tong , Wang Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Osteoporosis is the most common bone metabolic disease. Abnormal
osteoclast formation and resorption play a fundamental role in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Recent
researches have greatly broadened our understanding of molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis.
However, the molecular mechanisms leading to osteoporosis are still not entirely clear.

Objective:
The purpose of this work is to study the critical regulatory genes, functional modules, and
signaling pathways.

Methods:
Differential expression analysis, network topology-based analysis, and overrepresentation
enrichment analysis (ORA) were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), gene
subnetworks, and signaling pathways related to osteoporosis, respectively.

Results:
Differential expression analysis identified DEGs, such as POGLUT1, DAPK3 and NFKBIA,
associated with osteoclastogenesis, which highlighted Notch, apoptosis and NF-kB signaling
pathways. Network topology-based analysis identified the upregulated subnetwork characterized by
EXOSC8 and DIS3L from the RNA exosome complex, and the downregulated subnetwork
composed of histone deacetylases and the cofactors, MORF4L1 and JDP2. Furthermore, the
overrepresentation enrichment analysis highlighted that corticotrophin-releasing hormone signaling
pathway might affect osteoclastogenesis through its component NR4A1, and suppressing osteoclast
differentiation and osteoclast bone resorption with urocortin (UCN).

Conclusion:
Our systematic analysis not only discovered novel molecular mechanisms but also
proposed potential drug targets for osteoporosis.
Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: An Overview
Authors: Lang Damanpreet K. , Kaur Rajwinder , Arora Rashmi , Saini Balraj , Arora Sandeep 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cancer is spreading all over the world, and it is becoming the leading cause of major
deaths. Today’s most difficult task for every researcher is to invent a new drug that can treat cancer with minimal
side effects. Many factors, including pollution, modern lifestyle and food habits, exposure to oncogenic
agents or radiations, enhanced industrialization, etc. can cause cancer. Treatment of cancer is done by various
methods that include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery and immunotherapy in combination or singly along
with kinase inhibitors. Most of the anti-cancer drugs use the concept of kinase inhibition.

Objective:
The number of drugs being used in chemotherapy has heterocycles as their basic structure in spite of
various side effects. Medicinal chemists are focusing on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds like pyrrole,
pyrrolidine, pyridine, imidazole, pyrimidines, pyrazole, indole, quinoline, oxadiazole, azole, benzimidazole,
etc. as the key building blocks to develop active biological compounds. The aim of this study is to attempt
to compile a dataset of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic anti-cancer drugs.

Methods:
We adopted a structural search on notorious journal publication websites and electronic databases
such as Bentham Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, USFDA, etc. for the collection of peer-reviewed
research and review articles for the present review. The quality papers were retrieved, studied, categorized into
different sections, analyzed and used for article writing.

Conclusion:
As per FDA databases, nitrogen-based heterocycles in the drug design are almost 60% of unique
small-molecule drugs. Some of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic anti-cancer drugs are Axitinib, Bosutinib,
Cediranib, Dasatanib (Sprycel®), Erlotinib (Tarceva®), Gefitinib (Iressa®), Imatinib (Gleevec®), Lapatinib (Tykerb
®), Linifanib, Sorafenib (Nexavar®), Sunitinib (Sutent®), Tivozanib, etc. In the present review, we shall focus
on the overview of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic active compounds as anti-cancer agents.
Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles using Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Extracts and their Bio-Physical and Biochemical Characterization for Cosmetic and Dermatologic Applications
Authors: Vats Monika , Bhardwaj Shruti , Chhabra Arvind 
Published: July 2020

Background & Objective:
Nanoparticles are used in cosmetic and dermatologic products,
due to better skin penetration properties. Incorporation of natural products exhibiting medicinal properties in nano-preparations could significantly improve the efficacy of these products and improve the
quality of life without the side effects of synthetic formulations.

Methods:
We here report the green synthesis of Copper Oxide nanoparticles, using Cucumber extract,
and their detailed bio-physical and bio-chemical characterization.

Results:
These Copper Oxide-Cucumber nanoparticles exhibit significant anti-bacterial and anti-fungal
properties, Ultra Violet-radiation protection ability and reactive-oxygen species inhibition properties.
Importantly, these nanoparticles do not exhibit significant cellular toxicity and, when incorporated in
skin cream, exhibit skin rejuvenating properties.

Conclusion:
Our findings have implications for nanoparticle-based cosmetics and dermatologic applications.
Conceptual Framework of Residential Satisfaction
Authors: Abdullah Mohamad Isa , Zainul Abidin Nurzafira , Basrah Noraliza , Alias Muhammad Nazim 
Published: July 2020

Residential satisfaction is described as a sense of comfort, with what one needs or wants to achieve in a building. The paper aims to establish a residential satisfaction framework that will consist of essential determinants. Comprehensive analysis of the literature is undertaken to determine criteria which consist of characteristics of housing, neighbourhoods' characteristics, social demographic characteristics, behavioural characteristics. These characteristics become one concept of residential framework serve the purpose of measuring the level of residential satisfaction. With this framework, it will help the researcher specifically define and collect information to obtain specific data.
Keywords: Residential; Satisfaction; Housing.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2239
Technology Acceptance in Mobile Health: Scoping Review of Definitions, Models, and Measurement
Authors: Nadal Camille , Sas Corina , Doherty Gavin 
Published: July 2020

Background
Designing technologies that users will be interested in, start using, and keep using has long been a challenge. In the health domain, the question of technology acceptance is even more important, as the possible intrusiveness of technologies could lead to patients refusing to even try them. Developers and researchers must address this question not only in the design and evaluation of new health care technologies but also across the different stages of the user’s journey. Although a range of definitions for these stages exists, many researchers conflate related terms, and the field would benefit from a coherent set of definitions and associated measurement approaches.

Objective
This review aims to explore how technology acceptance is interpreted and measured in mobile health (mHealth) literature. We seek to compare the treatment of acceptance in mHealth research with existing definitions and models, identify potential gaps, and contribute to the clarification of the process of technology acceptance.

Methods
We searched the PubMed database for publications indexed under the Medical Subject Headings terms “Patient Acceptance of Health Care” and “Mobile Applications.” We included publications that (1) contained at least one of the terms “acceptability,” “acceptance,” “adoption,” “accept,” or “adopt”; and (2) defined the term. The final corpus included 68 relevant studies.

Results
Several interpretations are associated with technology acceptance, few consistent with existing definitions. Although the literature has influenced the interpretation of the concept, usage is not homogeneous, and models are not adapted to populations with particular needs. The prevalence of measurement by custom surveys suggests a lack of standardized measurement tools.

Conclusions
Definitions from the literature were published separately, which may contribute to inconsistent usage. A definition framework would bring coherence to the reporting of results, facilitating the replication and comparison of studies. We propose the Technology Acceptance Lifecycle, consolidating existing definitions, articulating the different stages of technology acceptance, and providing an explicit terminology. Our findings illustrate the need for a common definition and measurement framework and the importance of viewing technology acceptance as a staged process, with adapted measurement methods for each stage.
Process Evaluation of an eHealth Intervention (Food4toddlers) to Improve Toddlers' Diet: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Røed Margrethe , Vik Frøydis Nordgård , Hillesund Elisabet Rudjord , Van Lippevelde Wendy , Medin Anine Christine , Øverby Nina Cecilie 
Published: July 2020

Background
Parents seek trustworthy information online to promote healthy eating for their toddlers. Such information must be perceived as relevant and easy to implement and use.

Objective
The objectives of this study were to conduct a process evaluation of the electronic health (eHealth) intervention (Food4toddlers) targeting food environment, parental feeding practices, and toddlers’ diet and to examine possible differences in these areas according to education and family composition.

Methods
A 2-armed randomized controlled trial, including 298 parent–toddler dyads from Norway, was conducted in 2017. In total, 148 parents in the intervention group received access to an intervention website for 6 months. Data on website usage were retrieved from the learning management platform used (NEO). Participants’ satisfaction with the intervention was asked for in a postintervention questionnaire. Chi-square and t tests were used to examine differences in usage and satisfaction between education and family composition groups.

Results
Most participants were mothers (144/148, 97.2%), lived in two-adult households (148/148, 100%), and were born in Norway (132/148, 89.1%). Mean parental age was 31.5 years (SD 4.2). More than 87.8% (129/147) had a university education degree and 56.5% (83/147) had over 4 years of university education. Most (128/148, 86.5%) intervention participants entered the website at least once (mean days of access 7.4 [SD 7.1]). Most parents reported the website as appropriate to the child’s age (71/83, 86%) and self-explanatory (79/83, 95%) and appreciated the interface (52/83, 63%) and layout (46/83, 55%). In total, 61% (51/83) stated that they learned something new from the intervention. Parents with over 4 years of university education and in 1-child households used the intervention website more than those with 4 years or less of university education (8.4 vs 5.9 days in total, P=.04) and households with more than 1 child (8.3 vs 5.8 days in total, P=.04), respectively.

Conclusions
The Food4toddlers intervention website was found to be relevant by most participants in the intervention group, although usage of the website differed according to educational level and family composition. For eHealth interventions to be effective, intervention materials such as websites must be used by the target group. Our results highlight the need to include users from different groups when developing interventions.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN92980420; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN92980420
Personal Health Information Inference Using Machine Learning on RNA Expression Data from Patients With Cancer: Algorithm Validation Study
Authors: Kweon Solbi , Lee Jeong Hoon , Lee Younghee , Park Yu Rang 
Published: July 2020

Background
As the need for sharing genomic data grows, privacy issues and concerns, such as the ethics surrounding data sharing and disclosure of personal information, are raised.

Objective
The main purpose of this study was to verify whether genomic data is sufficient to predict a patient's personal information.

Methods
RNA expression data and matched patient personal information were collected from 9538 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas program. Five personal information variables (age, gender, race, cancer type, and cancer stage) were recorded for each patient. Four different machine learning algorithms (support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, and artificial neural network) were used to determine whether a patient's personal information could be accurately predicted from RNA expression data. Performance measurement of the prediction models was based on the accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. We selected five cancer types (breast carcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, low-grade glioma, and lung adenocarcinoma) with large samples sizes to verify whether predictive accuracy would differ between them. We also validated the efficacy of our four machine learning models in analyzing normal samples from 593 cancer patients.

Results
In most samples, personal information with high genetic relevance, such as gender and cancer type, could be predicted from RNA expression data alone. The prediction accuracies for gender and cancer type, which were the best models, were 0.93-0.99 and 0.78-0.94, respectively. Other aspects of personal information, such as age, race, and cancer stage, were difficult to predict from RNA expression data, with accuracies ranging from 0.0026-0.29, 0.76-0.96, and 0.45-0.79, respectively. Among the tested machine learning methods, the highest predictive accuracy was obtained using the support vector machine algorithm (mean accuracy 0.77), while the lowest accuracy was obtained using the random forest method (mean accuracy 0.65). Gender and race were predicted more accurately than other variables in the samples. On average, the accuracy of cancer stage prediction ranged between 0.71-0.67, while the age prediction accuracy ranged between 0.18-0.23 for the five cancer types.

Conclusions
We attempted to predict patient information using RNA expression data. We found that some identifiers could be predicted, but most others could not. This study showed that personal information available from RNA expression data is limited and this information cannot be used to identify specific patients.