bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of modified concrete with crumb rubber: Effect of the incorporation of hollow glass microspheres
Authors: Valencia-Villegas Juan Pablo , González Mesa Ana María , Arbeláez-Pérez Oscar Felipe 
Published: May 2020

In this study, the effect of incorporating hollow glass microspheres (HGM) on the mechanical properties of modified concrete with CR (crumb rubber) was evaluated. Different concrete samples replacing 15% of fine aggregates (total weight of CR + HGM = 15%) were prepared. It was found that the increase in the microsphere content was directly proportional to the slump, compressive strength, and the modulus of elasticity. The increase in the microsphere content was inversely proportional to density. Additionally, we found that in the modified concrete, the width, height and the number of cracks increased as the HGM content increases. The combined sample HGM12.5-CR2.5 (the one with the highest content of microspheres) resulted in concrete with the highest compressive strength of 19.1 MPa, which is 243% stronger than the concrete with only crumb rubber (9.2 MPa). From the XRD results, we were able to detect the presence of different phases formed by hydration during the process of preparing concrete mixtures. The micrographs allowed identifying the fracture in the microspheres during the preparation of the concrete mixtures when they came into contact with the aggregates. The addition of hollow glass microspheres to the mixtures prepared from crumb rubber improved their mechanical properties, and this makes it a potential system that can replace the traditional materials in the production of concrete.
Challenges and Perspectives of the EU Accession Policy — a Reflection on Criminal Law
Authors: Zekić M. 
Published: May 2020

Should we join the European Union or not? The European Union is not some imaginative goal to be pursued. It requires and offers concrete solutions. At the same time, it seeks out and establishes values and obligations to be fulfilled and inserted in a concrete political life. These obligations and values are universal and it is up to each state to assess whether the acceptance and realization of those interests and values is in its own interest. It should be borne in mind that the legal state and the rule of law, respect for human rights and freedoms, a market economy with developed social policy, fight against corruption and terrorism and many other values that the European Union stands for are essential to every democratic society and exactly these values are a goal that every human being strives for. Eurasian integration is also in favor of these values, but instead of ultimatum and conditioning, they offer a more flexible negotiation method.It is indisputable, at the moment, that in the region of the Western Balkans, the Republic of Serbia is at the back line of the European integration process. It has entered these processes as the last interested state, but in addition it constantly faces major internal problems and insufficient understanding, as well as new conditions that are constantly being set for its accession. If we add the fact that the decrease of the interest of citizens to join the European Union is currently being noticed, it is clear why the question of who to approach is becoming actualized. One of the goals of the reforms undertaken in the accession process is the harmonization of internal regulations with Communitarian Law. In doing so, it should be borne in mind that total harmonization is almost impossible.
Characterization of an Intraplate Seismogenic Zone Using Geophysical and Borehole Data: The Vila Franca de Xira Fault, Portugal
Authors: Carvalho João , Alves Daniela , Cabral João , Ghose Ranajit , Borges José , Dias Ruben , Ramalho Elsa , Caldeira Bento , Casacão João , Leote Jaime 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Vila Franca de Xira (VFX) fault is a regional fault zone located about 25 km northeast of Lisbon, affecting Neogene sediments. Recent shear-wave seismic studies show that this complex fault zone is buried beneath Holocene sediments and is deforming the alluvial cover, in agreement with a previous work that proposes the fault as the source of the 1531 Lower Tagus Valley earthquake. In this work, we corroborate these results using S-wave, P-wave, geoelectric, ground-penetrating radar and borehole data, confirming that the sediments deformed by several fault branches are of Upper Pleistocene to Holocene. Accumulated fault vertical offsets of about 3 m are estimated from the integrated interpretation of geophysical and borehole data, including 2D elastic seismic modeling, with an estimated resolution of about 0.5 m. The deformations affecting the Tagus alluvial sediments probably resulted from surface or near-surface rupture of the VFX fault during M∼7 earthquakes, reinforcing the fault as the seismogenic source of regional historical events, as in 1531, and highlighting the need for preparedness for the next event.
The 1885 M 6.9 Earthquake in the French Guiana–Brazil Border: The Largest Midplate Event in the Nineteenth Century in South America
Authors: Assumpção Marcelo , Veloso Alberto V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn 4 August 1885, 06:30 local time, a strong earthquake (reported intensities up to VI–VII modified Mercalli intensity [MMI]) was felt in the French Guiana, causing slight damage. Recently discovered newspaper records show that this event was also felt as far as Georgetown (British Guyana), Belém, and several other localities along the Amazon River toward Manaus (Brazil). The distribution of intensities and the radius of the felt area indicate a magnitude around Mw 6.9, which makes it the largest known earthquake in the stable continental region of South America, since the nineteenth century. The epicenter, determined with four different attenuation relations, lies onshore near the border between the French Guiana and Brazil, although an epicenter offshore in the continental slope cannot be ruled out with 95% confidence. The epicenter (03.4° N, 52.9°W±100  km) likely lies in the Transamazonian (2.2–2.0 Ga) geochronological province in the Guyana shield of the Amazon craton. No nearby failed rift is known onshore near the epicenter, which would place this event in the ∼30% class of nonextended stable continental crust. Other nearby smaller earthquakes (both historical and instrumental) with magnitudes up to mb 5.2, indicate a cluster of seismicity in the region of the 1885 earthquake, possibly delineating an onshore seismic zone separate from the sparse seismicity along the continental shelf. This large midplate earthquake will likely affect future reevaluations of seismic hazard in midplate South America.
Neural Network Applications in Earthquake Prediction (1994–2019): Meta-Analytic and Statistical Insights on Their Limitations
Authors: Mignan Arnaud , Broccardo Marco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the last few years, deep learning has solved seemingly intractable problems, boosting the hope to find approximate solutions to problems that now are considered unsolvable. Earthquake prediction, the Grail of Seismology, is, in this context of continuous exciting discoveries, an obvious choice for deep learning exploration. We reviewed the literature of artificial neural network (ANN) applications for earthquake prediction (77 articles, 1994–2019 period) and found two emerging trends: an increasing interest in this domain over time and a complexification of ANN models toward deep learning. Despite the relatively positive results claimed in those studies, we verified that far simpler (and traditional) models seem to offer similar predictive powers, if not better ones. Those include an exponential law for magnitude prediction and a power law (approximated by a logistic regression or one artificial neuron) for aftershock prediction in space. Because of the structured, tabulated nature of earthquake catalogs, and the limited number of features so far considered, simpler and more transparent machine-learning models than ANNs seem preferable at the present stage of research. Those baseline models follow first physical principles and are consistent with the known empirical laws of statistical seismology (e.g., the Gutenberg–Richter law), which are already known to have minimal abilities to predict large earthquakes.
Muertes perinatales
Authors: Martínez Medina Javier , Jubiz Hasbún Alfonso , Giraldo César Augusto 
Published: May 2020

Se analizan desde el punto de vista anatomopatológico las causas de las muertes perinatales atendidas en el Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología desde el 1o. de julio de 1986 hasta el 30 de junio de 1987. Durante el lapso mencionado se presentaron 99 muertes perinatales y la autopsia se realizó en 55 de ellas (55.5% ) y en 26 placentas. Se incluyeron fetos con un peso de 1000 gramos o más y 28 semanas o más de gestación. Se excluyeron los fetos macerados y se practicó la autopsia únicamente cuando la muerte ocurrió 12 horas antes del estudio. El registro de la información se realizó de acuerdo con el protocolo que se sigue en el Departamento de Anatomía Patológica. La coloración empleada en la mayoría de los casos fue la Hematoxilina-Eosina. De los cadáveres recibidos 44 (80%) correspondieron a muertes fetales y 11 (20%) a neonatales. La primera causa de muerte fue la axonia la cual se encontró en el 67.3% de los casos. El principal hallazgo en los casos de anoxia correspondió a la patología del cordón umbilical (24.3% ). Vale la pena resaltar que a pesar del estudio anatomopatológico no fue posible determinar la causa que desencadenó la anoxia en 11 casos (29.8% ).De los 17 casos con anomalías congénitas se encontró que la causa de la muerte fue la misma anomalía en 11 (64.7% ). La anencefalia fue la más frecuente con 10 casos (58.8% ). El bajo peso estuvo presente en 36.4% de los muertos.
Historia de la ginecobstetricia en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Torres Fernando 
Published: May 2020

La historia del Instituto Materno Infantil se remonta a los orígenes mismos del Hospital San Juan de Dios, de Bogotá, es decir al momento en que por iniciativa del primer arzobispo de Santa Fe, Fray Juan de Los Barrios y Toledo, se destinaron algunas camas para el cuidado de los enfermos de la ciudad. Lo anterior ocurrió en octubre de 1564. Más tarde, en 1634, ese remedo de hospital contaba con 17 camas y poco después con 30, de las cuales 20 estaban destinadas a hombres y 10 a mujeres. En 1739 fue trasladado a la manzana comprendida entre las que son hoy calles 11 y 12 y carreras 9a. y l0a., sector vecino a la Iglesia de San Juan de Dios. Allí, a partir de 1802, se dio principio al primer plan de estudios médicos, autorizado por Real Cédula de 1801 y presentado al Gobierno, cuya cabeza era el Virrey Ezpeleta, por los doctores José Celestino Mutis y Miguel de Isla. Pero es sólo hasta 1864 cuando, a instancias de la Comisión Inspectora del Hospital, de adscribe a éste la escuela de medicina particular que fundara el doctor Antonio Vargas Reyes y se solicita, con carácter obligatorio, la creación de una cátedra de Clínica y otra de Obstetricia. Esta escuela privada fue clausurada en 1867, con motivo de la fundación de la Universidad Nacional.
Correlación citológica e histológica de las imágenes colposcópicas en el diagnóstico de neoplasia cervical
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Carlos Alberto , Aragón Sánchez Miguel 
Published: May 2020

Se revisaron las historias clínicas de las pacientes de la clínica de colposcopia, que ingresaron en el estudio entre los años de 1988-1989. Se estudiaron las imágenes colposcópicas y se correlacionaron con los diferentes estudios: Citología, resultado de patología en la biopsia y en la pieza final. El estudio incluye 400 casos.La sensibilidad de la citología corresponde al 93%, especificidad el 42% y falsos negativos del 7%. La citología fue negativa en 4% de los casos con NIC 111 y en 9% de casos con Ca. invasivo.La citología A2 con atipias severas se correlacionó con casos de NIC 11-111 en 21% de las pacientes. La Citología AS presenta una frecuencia de falsos negativos para Ca Invasivo de 44% y la citología A4-AS, presenta tasas de falsos negativos frente a cérvix del 76%. El porcentaje de colposcopia insatisfactoria es del34%, siendo en mayores de 40 años de 52%. Las pacientes con lesión endocervical presentan una tasa de colposcopia insatisfactoria del 67%.La sensibilidad de la colp6scopia en nuestra institución es del 88% con una especificidad del 39% y unos falsos negativos del 12%, frente a la citología. Frente al resultado de patología, la colposcopia tiene una sensibilidad del89%, una especificidad del64% y una tasa de falsos negativos del11%. En el estudio de lesión por papilomavirus, la citología solo da una sensibilidad del12%, con un índice de falsos negativos del 88%.La colposcopia frente a la lesión por condiloma da una sensibilidad del 63% y unos falsos negativos del 37%. En los pacientes con biopsia que refería compromiso glandular, la anatomía patológica final no reveló en ningún caso invasión. La correlación de imágenes colposcópicas se establece así: Cervicitis: zona de transformación típica, epitelio acetoblanco NIC: Leucoplasia, punteado y mosaico. Microinvasión: Leucoplasia y vasos IV. Ca. Invasivo: Leucoplasia, punteado, vasos IV y V, proliferación carcinomatosa y úlcera. La frecuencia de lesión encontrada en los dos años son: Lesión benigna: 29.5%, NICI: 11%, NIC 11, 9.5%, NIC 111; 37% microinvasivo: 1% y Ca. Invasivo: 12%.
Vaginitis y cervicitis en planificación familiar
Authors: Vargas Clara Inés , Galindo Betty Lucy , Martinez Jorge Enrique 
Published: May 2020

Con el fin de determinar los patógenos vaginales y cervicales, y su relación con los métodos de planificación, estudiamos a una población de 300 mujeres que planificaban con anovulatorios o dispositivos intrauterinos y las comparamos con un grupo de 144 mujeres que utilizaban métodos naturales o de barrera para su control natal. Al analizar los resultados observamos que el patógeno más comúnmente aislado de la vagina de las pacientes de los diferentes grupos fue la Gardnerella vaginalis [38. 7% ). que la Candida sp no se presentó con mayor frecuencia en el grupo de mujeres que planificaban con anovulatorios [9%, control 11% ). y que la frecuencia de aislamiento de la Chlamydia trachomatis del cervix de las mujeres que planificaban fue en aumento a través del estudio [muestra 1: 4.6%; muestra 4: 20.9%), no así el grupo control [muestra 1: 11%; muestra 4 : 12%). [Rev Col Obstet Ginecol 1991; 42[3): 223-226).
Mendesain Model Pembelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Berbasis Multikultural di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Masruri M. Hadi 
Published: May 2020

<p>This article seeks to offer a learning design of multicultural on History of Islamic Culture in Higher Education. These multicultural values include an attitude of self-respect, an attitude of respect for others, an attitude of respect for the environment and cultural nature, an attitude of appreciating beauty, an attitude of appreciating beauty, and an attitude of appreciating wholeness. The six values of multiculturalism are expected to be internalized in learning by lecturers of Islamic Cultural History courses in Higher Education in a design of learning models, starting from planning to arrange curriculum, syllabus and semester course plans (RPS) or lecture event units (SAP), to arranging lecture material for History of Islamic Culture and its studen book. While the application of learning design includes strategy, methods and evaluation. However, this matter, at the level of its application in higher education as mentioned above will be meaningless, unless the SKI lecturer who is responsible for internalizing multicultural values as mentioned above has a high awareness of the values of multiculturalism. Without the SKI lecturers who are aware of multicuralism, the values of multiculturalism will never be internalized in the attitudes and personalities of students as well students.</p><p> </p>
Wettability State and Phase Distributions During Steam Injection with and without Chemical Additives: An Experimental Analysis Using Visual Micromodels
Authors: Pratama Randy Agra , Babadagli Tayfun 
Published: May 2020

Summary
Phase change plays an essential role in wettability during steam injection, and oil becomes the wetting phase in the steam zone. This study investigates this unfavorable phenomenon using visual data obtained from micromodel experiments and how the wettability can be reversed using chemicals. All measurements were conducted at temperatures up to 200°C on glass-bead micromodels. The models were initially saturated with brine solution and then displaced by two types of mineral oils (450 and 111,600 cp at 25°C). Steam was then constantly injected into the micromodels to evaluate the effect of phase change and wettability status on residual saturation development. Next, chemical additives, screened from the previous contact-angle and thermal-stability measurements, were added to the steam to observe their ability in modifying phase distribution and wettability state. The results showed that phase distribution and residual oil saturation are critically sensitive to the steam phase. At any circumstances, wettability alteration with chemicals was possible. The shape and characteristics of the trapped oil with and without chemicals were identified through micromodel images, and suggestions were made as to the conditions (pressure, temperature, and time to apply during the injection application) at which these chemicals show optimal performance.
Phase Behavior, Wettability Alteration, and Oil Recovery of Low-Salinity Surfactant Solutions in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Veiskarami Sepideh , Jafari Arezou , Soleymanzadeh Aboozar 
Published: May 2020

Summary
Recent investigations have shown that treatment with injected brine composition can improve oil production. Various mechanisms have been suggested to go through the phenomenon; nevertheless, wettability alteration is one of the most commonly proposed mechanisms in the literature. Wettability alteration of the porous media toward a more favorable state reduces the capillary pressure, consequently contributing to the oil detachment from pore walls.
In this study, phase behavior, oil recovery, and wettability alteration toward a more favorable state were investigated using a combination of formulations of surfactant and modified low-salinity (LS) brine. Phase behaviors of these various formulations were examined experimentally through observations on relative phase volumes. Experiments were performed in various water/oil ratios (WORs) in the presence of two different oil samples, namely C1 and C2. These experiments were conducted to clarify the impact of each affecting parameter; in particular, the impact of resin and asphaltene of crude oil on the performance of LS surfactant (LSS) flooding. Hereafter, the optimal formulation was flooded into the oil-wet micromodel. Optimum formulations increased the capillary number more than four orders of magnitude higher than that under formation brine (FB) flooding, thus causing oil recovery rates of 61 and 67% for oil samples C1 and C2, respectively. Likewise, the wettability alteration potential of optimized formulations was studied through contact angle measurements. Results showed that LS and LSS solutions could act as possible wettability alternating methods for oil-wet carbonate rocks. Using the optimum formulation resulted in a wettability alteration index (WAI) of 0.66 for sample C1 and 0.49 for sample C2, while using LS brine itself ended in 0.51 and 0.29 for oil samples C1 and C2, respectively.
Evaluation of Mineralogy per Geological Layers by Approximate Bayesian Computation
Authors: Bruned Vianney , Cleynen Alice , Mas André , Wlodarczyk Sylvain 
Published: May 2020

Summary
We propose a new three-step methodology to perform an automated mineralogical inversion from wellbore logs. The approach is derived from a Bayesian linear-regression model with no prior knowledge of the mineral composition of the rock. The first step makes use of approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) for each depth sample to evaluate all the possible mineral proportions that are consistent with the measured log responses. The second step gathers these candidates for a given stratum and computes through a density-based clustering algorithm the most probable mineralogical compositions. Finally, for each stratum and for the most probable combinations, a mineralogical inversion is performed with an associated confidence estimate. The advantage of this approach is to explore all possible mineralogy hypotheses that match the wellbore data. This pipeline is tested on both synthetic and real data sets.
Predicting the Concentration of Hydrogen Sulfide in Hydrocarbon-Bearing Clastic Reservoirs: Introducing the Iron-Chlorite-Pyrite-Hydrogen Sulfide Model
Authors: Bryndzia L. Taras , Villegas Esra Inan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryA thermodynamic mineral model, based on the sulfidation of iron (Fe)-chlorite to pyrite and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), has been developed for predicting the concentration of H2S (0 to 50 ppm) in hydrocarbon-bearing clastic reservoirs. The model replaces decades-old correlations used for H2S prediction in clastic reservoirs globally. This study established that the primary control on f H2S in the subsurface is temperature and reservoir redox state, represented by the oxygen fugacity (fO2). This discovery represents a fundamental advance in our understanding of the controls of H2S stability in subsurface formations and presents a thermodynamic basis for quantitative prediction of the concentration of H2S in clastic hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs.fO2 is accurately modeled by the metastable pyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite fO2 buffer with an FeS activity in pyrrhotite of 0.315. The modeled fO2 is used as one of the inputs to the pyrite-chlorite-H2S mineral model. The veracity of this mineral-based model has been demonstrated for pressures of 20,000 + psi (137.9 + MPa) and temperatures of 225°C. The model predicts f H2S and can be used to estimate the partial pressure and concentration of H2S in both liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, vent clouds, and coexisting aqueous phase [i.e., H2S(aq)]. H2S fugacity coefficients may be estimated at any pressure and temperature and must account for the fluid type and composition. Results from the new model are robust and consistent with measured H2S data from dry gas, oil, and retrograde gas condensate containing up to ∼10 mol% CO2.We demonstrate for our global H2S data set (n = 97) a 1:1 comparison between measured concentrations of H2S and model estimates based on our new thermodynamic mineral model. In most cases, the model can reproduce reported H2S values to within ±3 ppm. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters, that is, pressure, temperature, salinity (aH2O), and chlorite composition (XFe in Fe-chlorite), are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. Tornado plots generated by the Monte Carlo simulations showed that estimated concentrations of H2S are generally insensitive to uncertainties in pressure (±1,000 psi), Fe-chlorite composition (XFe = 0.65 ± 0.15), and salinity (aH2O = 0.93 ± 0.05). However, H2S concentrations are most sensitive to uncertainties in temperature and composition of the hydrocarbon phase.Numerous disciplines require H2S prediction as the basis of their respective discipline's work that is delivered to the business. The new H2S model replaces the model from Grimes and McNeil (2005) and should be the foundation on which many H2S-related applications, including corrosion studies, gas-sweetening process-system specification, and dispersion modeling, establish the appropriate subsurface and surface requirements.