bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in sepsis due to community-acquired pneumonia is associated with increased morbidity and an immunosuppressed host transcriptomic endotype
Authors: Goh Cyndi , Burnham Katie L. , Ansari M. Azim , de Cesare Mariateresa , Golubchik Tanya , Hutton Paula , Overend Lauren E. , Davenport Emma E. , Hinds Charles J. , Bowden Rory , Knight Julian C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation is common in sepsis patients but the extent and nature of this remains unresolved. We sought to determine the incidence and correlates of EBV-positivity in a large sepsis cohort. We also hypothesised that EBV reactivation would be increased in patients in whom relative immunosuppression was the major feature of their sepsis response. To identify such patients we aimed to use knowledge of sepsis response subphenotypes based on transcriptomic studies of circulating leukocytes, specifically patients with a Sepsis Response Signature endotype (SRS1) that we have previously shown to be associated with increased mortality and features of immunosuppression. We assayed EBV from the plasma of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis due to community-acquired pneumonia. In total 730 patients were evaluated by targeted metagenomics (n = 573 patients), digital droplet PCR (n = 565), or both (n = 408). We had previously analysed gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes for a subset of individuals (n = 390). We observed a 37% incidence of EBV-positivity. EBV reactivation was associated with longer ICU stay (12.9 vs 9.2 days; p = 0.004) and increased organ failure (day 1 SOFA score 6.9 vs 5.9; p = 0.00011). EBV reactivation was associated with the relatively immunosuppressed SRS1 endotype (p = 0.014) and differential expression of a small number of biologically relevant genes. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that viral reactivation in sepsis is a consequence of immune compromise and is associated with increasing severity of illness although further mechanistic studies are required to definitively illustrate cause and effect.
Advanced characterization of surface-modified nanoparticles and nanofilled antibacterial dental adhesive resins
Authors: Esteban Florez Fernando Luis , Trofimov Artem A. , Ievlev Anton , Qian Shuo , Rondinone Adam Justin , Khajotia Sharukh Soli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNanotechnology can improve the performance of dental polymers. The objective of this study was to modify the surfaces of nanoparticles with silanes and proteins, characterize nanoparticles’ agglomeration levels and interfaces between nanoparticles and the polymeric matrix. Undoped (n-TiO2), nitrogen-doped (N_TiO2) and nitrogen-fluorine co-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NF_TiO2) were synthesized and subjected to surface modification procedures in preparation for Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) characterizations. Experimental adhesives were manually synthesized by incorporating 20% (v/v) of n-TiO2, N_TiO2 or NF_TiO2 (as-synthesized or surface-modified) into OptiBond Solo Plus (OPTB). Specimens (n = 15/group; d = 6.0 mm, t = 0.5 mm) of OPTB and experimental adhesives were characterized using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), 2-D ToF-SIMS chemical imaging and SANS. SAXS results indicated that surface-modified nanoparticles displayed higher scattering intensities in a particle-size dependent manner. ToF-SIMS results demonstrated that nanoparticles’ incorporation did not adversely impact the parental polymer. 2-D ToF-SIMS chemical imaging demonstrated the distribution of Ti+ and confirmed nitrogen-doping levels. SANS results confirmed nanoparticles’ functionalization and revealed the interfaces between nanoparticles and the polymer matrix. Metaloxide nanoparticles were successfully fabricated, incorporated and covalently functionalized in a commercial dental adhesive resin, thereby supporting the utilization of nanotechnology in dentistry.
Dysregulation of peripheral expression of the YWHA genes during conversion to psychosis
Authors: Demars Fanny , Kebir Oussama , Marzo Aude , Iftimovici Anton , Schramm Catherine ,   ICAAR Study Group, Amado Isabelle , Bourgin Julie , Daban Huard Claire , Jantac Mam-Lam-Fook Célia , Plaze Marion , Rivollier Fabrice , Krebs Marie-Odile , Chaumette Boris 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe seven human 14-3-3 proteins are encoded by the YWHA-gene family. They are expressed in the brain where they play multiple roles including the modulation of synaptic plasticity and neuronal development. Previous studies have provided arguments for their involvement in schizophrenia, but their role during disease onset is unknown. We explored the peripheral-blood expression level of the seven YWHA genes in 92 young individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR). During the study, 36 participants converted to psychosis (converters) while 56 did not (non-converters). YWHA genes expression was evaluated at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 10.3 months using multiplex quantitative PCR. Compared with non-converters, the converters had a significantly higher baseline expression levels for 5 YWHA family genes, and significantly different longitudinal changes in the expression of YWHAE, YWHAG, YWHAH, YWHAS and YWAHZ. A principal-component analysis also indicated that the YWHA expression was significantly different between converters and non-converters suggesting a dysregulation of the YWHA co-expression network. Although these results were obtained from peripheral blood which indirectly reflects brain chemistry, they indicate that this gene family may play a role in psychosis onset, opening the way to the identification of prognostic biomarkers or new drug targets.
Combined dimercaptosuccinic acid and zinc treatment in neurological Wilson’s disease patients with penicillamine-induced allergy or early neurological deterioration
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Qun , Li Liang-Yong , Yang Wen-Ming , Wang Yu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe clinical data of safety and efficacy of a combined treatment with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and Zinc with 2 years’ follow-up in 60 neurological Wilson’s disease (WD) patients was retrospectively analyzed. All the patients included in the present study were newly diagnosed and initialized with D-penicillamine (DPA) treatment but were found to have either neurological deterioration or allergy, and their treatment was switched to a combined treatment of DMSA and Zinc. Fifty-one patients (85%) had the neurological symptoms improved 1 and 2 years after treatment, 7 (11.67%) experienced a stable neurological condition, and 2 (3.33%) suffered deterioration of neurological symptoms. No early neurological deterioration was observed in all patients. Twenty-five percent patients experienced mild adverse reactions which did not require a discontinuation of the DMSA and Zinc treatment. Our study confirmed the safety and efficacy of the combined DMSA and Zinc therapy as an initial and probably long-term treatment in neurological WD patients.
Microwave non‐destructive testing of active frequency selective surface embedded tunable radar absorber
Authors: Sharma A. , Panwar R. , Khanna R. 
Published: June 2020

The development and performance evaluation of a thin, broadband, and tunable radar wave absorber with reduced complexity is a strenuous task. This Letter reports the design, fabrication, and non‐destructive measurement of an active frequency selective surface (FSS) embedded tunable radar absorber. The proposed absorber design consists of periodically patterned, PIN diode mounted‐active transmissive/reflective FSS with a straightforward bias network. The tunable absorption characteristics are obtained over a wide frequency range by controlling the bias voltage of PIN diodes. The features of the proposed tunable absorber are demonstrated through non‐destructive free space, microwave measurement of a fabricated prototype. The measurement results show the achievement of a remarkable bandwidth of 3.0 GHz, which enables dynamic control of the absorption characteristics ranging from 8.2 to 12.4 GHz. Such an approach paves the way toward the realisation of smart materials and structures for electromagnetic wave manipulation.
Dual‐polarised wideband tightly coupled dipole array for airborne applications
Authors: Johnson Alexander Dale , Zhong Jingni , Sekelsky Stephen , Alwan Elias A. , Volakis John L. 
Published: June 2020

An ultra‐wideband (UWB) array is presented for UHF‐S band (0.19–2.3 GHz) communications with an emphasis on dual‐linear polarisation and wide‐angle scanning. The array achieves 12:1 impedance bandwidth for a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <3 at broadside with low‐angle scanning off broadside to 0°, 45°, 60° in the E‐plane (VSWR < 3, 4, 3.1) and 0°, 45°, 60° (VSWR < 3, 3.8, 5.5) in the H‐plane. A 7 × 11 prototype was fabricated and tested for verification. In addition, finite effects with respect to mounting UWB arrays in airborne platforms are discussed. Specifically, the effect of radomes, perfect electric conductor shielding walls and resistive walls on the gain of the designed tightly coupled dipole antenna was studied, showing that losses can approach 2 dB.
Onkonephrologie am Beispiel des Plasmazellmyeloms – Was Nephrologen und Hämatoonkologen voneinander lernen können
Authors: Schönermarck Ulf , Hentrich Marcus , Bassermann Florian , Theurich Sebastian , Fischereder Michael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlasma cell diseases, in particular multiple myeloma, represent an interdisciplinary challenge for oncologists and nephrologists. Patients often present initially with kidney problems to a nephrologist, requiring timely diagnosis and referral to an oncologist for treatment. On the other hand, a relevant part of patients will experience a – mostly temporary – decline in kidney function during the treatment course, which may require nephrological care. In any case, renal insufficiency can affect the therapeutic options. This article provides a short overview about common nephrological factors and complications which impact on the manifestation and course of treatment in patients with plasma cell diseases.
Dorsal Preservation Rhinoplasty: Core Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of the Nasal Vault, Septum, and Skull Base—Its Role in Surgical Planning
Authors: Sadri Amir , East Charles , Badia Lydia , Saban Yves 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDorsal preservation rhinoplasty in cases of a convex or overprojected noses has significant advantages over resection and reconstruction of the dorsum. Analysis of the subdorsal septum in relation to the radix osteotomy to achieve a drop or hinge of the natural dorsum is important in avoiding possible complications involving the skull base, frontal sinus, and subsequent radix position. In the majority of patients, simple cut release of the perpendicular plate rather than resection superiorly may be necessary where the quadrangular cartilage junction with the perpendicular plate is caudal to the radix osteotomy. Computed tomography is helpful in delineating this position as well as providing information on the frontal sinus and position of the cribriform plate prerhinoplasty.
Hermite-Padé approximants to the Weyl function and its derivative for discrete measures
Authors: Sorokin V. N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Hermite-Padé approximants of the second kind to the Weyl function and its derivatives are investigated. The Weyl function is constructed from the orthogonal Meixner polynomials. The limiting distribution of the zeros of the common denominators of these approximants, which are multiple orthogonal polynomials for a discrete measure, is found. It is proved that the limit measure is the unique solution of the equilibrium problem in the theory of the logarithmic potential with an Angelesco matrix. The effect of pushing some zeros off the real axis to some curve in the complex plane is discovered. An explicit form of the limit measure in terms of algebraic functions is given.
Bibliography: 10 titles.
Waveguide with double threshold resonance at a simple threshold
Authors: Nazarov S. A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A threshold resonance generated by an almost standing wave occurring at a threshold — a solution of the problem that do not decay at infinity, but rather stabilizes there — brings about various anomalies in the diffraction pattern at near-threshold frequencies. Examples when a simple threshold resonance occurs or does not occur are trivial. For the first time an acoustic waveguide (the Neumann spectral problem for the Laplace operator) of a special shape is constructed in which there is a maximum possible number (namely two) of linearly independent almost standing waves at a threshold (equal to a simple eigenvalue of the model problem on the cross-section of the cylindrical outlets to infinity). Effects in the scattering problem for acoustic waves, which are caused by these standing waves are discussed.
Bibliography: 54 titles.
Structured clustering of the glycosphingolipid GM1 is required for membrane curvature induced by cholera toxin
Authors: Kabbani Abir Maarouf , Raghunathan Krishnan , Lencer Wayne I. , Kenworthy Anne K. , Kelly Christopher V. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Membrane-binding toxins demonstrate both a public health challenge and a bioengineering opportunity due to their efficient internalization into cells. These toxins multivalently bind to naturally occurring lipid receptors at the plasma membrane and initiate endocytosis. This manuscript reports the importance of structured lipid receptor clustering for the induction of membrane bending. We also observed that the magnitude of membrane curvature was correlated to the stoichiometry of toxin-bound receptors. By identifying how these bacterial proteins initiate membrane curvature, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the early steps of pathogenic endocytosis.
Anne Frank’s Diary – The Graphic Adaptation as a case of
“indirect translation”
Authors: Weissbrod Rachel , Kohn Ayelet 
Published: June 2020

The 2017 adaptation of Anne Frank’s diary into a graphic novel by Ari Folman and
David Polonsky is addressed in this article as a case of indirect translation, a
concept developed by Ernst-August Gutt on the basis of relevance theory. According
to Gutt, indirect translation “interpretively resembles” the source text in respects
that are relevant to a new target audience in a new context. Rather than applying
this concept to interlingual translation, we use it to study an adaptation which
involves a change of modalities – from the verbal to the multimodal. To find out how
the adaptation retains the relevance of the original diary to a new generation of
readers, familiar with new media and visual means of communication, we employ the
Bakhtinian concepts of chronotope and polyphony. Through this case study we hope to
demonstrate the usefulness of Gutt’s concept of “indirect translation” to the study
of adaptations, to offer a link between the principle of relevance and Bakhtinian
concepts, and to shed new light on the principle of relevance itself.
Does cosmological evolution select for technology?
Authors: Shainline Jeffrey M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
If the parameters defining the physics of our universe departed from their present values, the observed rich structure and complexity would not be supported. This article considers whether similar fine-tuning of parameters applies to technology. The anthropic principle is one means of explaining the observed values of the parameters. This principle constrains physical theories to allow for our existence, yet the principle does not apply to the existence of technology. Cosmological natural selection has been proposed as an alternative to anthropic reasoning. Within this framework, fine-tuning results from selection of universes capable of prolific reproduction. It was originally proposed that reproduction occurs through singularities resulting from supernovae, and subsequently argued that life may facilitate the production of the singularities that become offspring universes. Here I argue technology is necessary for production of singularities by living beings, and ask whether the physics of our universe has been selected to simultaneously enable stars, intelligent life, and technology capable of creating progeny. Specific technologies appear implausibly equipped to perform tasks necessary for production of singularities, potentially indicating fine-tuning through cosmological natural selection. These technologies include silicon electronics, superconductors, and the cryogenic infrastructure enabled by the thermodynamic properties of liquid helium. Numerical studies are proposed to determine regions of physical parameter space in which the constraints of stars, life, and technology are simultaneously satisfied. If this overlapping parameter range is small, we should be surprised that physics allows technology to exist alongside us. The tests do not call for new astrophysical or cosmological observations. Only computer simulations of well-understood condensed matter systems are required.
MHD stability of JT-60SA operation scenarios driven by passing energetic particles for a hot Maxwellian model
Authors: Varela J. , Watanabe K.Y. , Shinohara K. , Honda M. , Suzuki Y. , Shiraishi J. , Spong D.A. , Garcia L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We analyze the effects of the passing energetic particles on the resistive ballooning modes (RBM) and the energetic particle driven modes in JT-60SA plasma, which leads to the prediction of the stability in N-NBI heated plasma. The analysis is performed using the code FAR3d that solves the reduced MHD equations describing the linear evolution of the poloidal flux and the toroidal component of the vorticity in a full 3D system, coupled with equations of density and parallel velocity moments for the energetic particle (EP) species assuming an averaged Maxwellian EP distribution fitted to the slowing down distribution, including the effect of the acoustic modes. The simulations show the possible destabilization of a

3

/

2
−
4

/

2

TAE with a frequency (f) of 115 kHz, a

6

/

4
−
7

/

4

TAE with f = 98 kHz and a 6/4 or 7/4 BAE with f = 57 kHz in the ITER-like inductive scenario. If the energetic particle β increases, beta induced Alfven Eigenmodes (BAE), toroidal AEs (TAE) and elliptical AEs (EAE) are destabilized between the inner-middle plasma region, leading to the overlapping of AE of different toroidal families. If these instabilities coexist in the non-linear saturation phase the EP transport could be enhanced leading to a lower heating efficiency. For a hypothetical configuration based on the ITER-like inductive scenario but an center peaked EP profile, the EP β threshold increases and several BAEs are destabilized in the inner plasma region, indicating an improved AE stability with respect to the off-axis peaked EP profile. In addition, the analysis of a hypothetical JT-60SA scenario with a resonant q = 1 in the inner plasma region shows the destabilization of fishbones-like instabilities by the off-axis peaked EP profile. Also, the EPs have a stabilizing effect on the RBM, stronger as the population of EP with low energies (below 250 keV) increases at the plasma pedestal.
Mathematical modeling with digital technological tools for interpretation of contextual situations
Authors: Villamizar F , Martínez A , Cuevas C , Espinosa-Castro J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article has the goal of proposing physical contextual situations modeling as a way to interpret mathematical representations that are produced by digital technological tools. Thus, there is an experimental situation-problem about a physical phenomenon that is modeled through video analysis and dynamic geometry software; the methodological model Cuvima conducts the experimental activity. Pre-testing and post-testing measuring instruments were designed to obtain the information and previous conceptions of ten graduate students in Mathematical Education, which showed a conceptual change. Similarly, results prove that digital technology, from a didactical sequence, supports and strengthens experimental work simplifying modeling processes of a physical phenomenon, promoting the use of mathematical representations to solve a situation-problem.
Characterization of hand movements using a low cost electromyography sensor
Authors: Laverde G , Salinas S , Montero D , Rueda C , Altuve M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Electromyography signals are commonly used to control prosthetic or orthotic devices. The electrodes attached to the skin capture the muscular activity coming from neuromotor signals. Robotic prostheses help to improve the quality of life of people who suffer from physical disabilities such as amputations of lower or upper limbs. However, these prostheses are quite expensive, and the operation of the robotic prosthesis depends on the contraction muscles that generally uses two movements, contraction and relaxation (closing and opening). In this paper, we propose the characterization of hand movements by means of an inexpensive electromyographic sensor, the MyoWare AT-04-001, which acquired neuromotor signals due to muscle contraction in the forearm. Four movements were recorded: flexion, extension, opening and closing of the hand. Hand movements were performed at one movement per second, as indicated by a metronome. Signals were acquired with an Arduino one at a sampling frequency of 200 Hz for 30 s. Using time-domain, frequency-domain and nonlinear measures we characterized the electromyography signal for each movement. We observed that the closing and extension of the hand produced the greatest amount of variance and entropy of the electromyography signal as well as the greatest energy in the frequency domain. These results were related to the location of the electrode in the forearm, since the sensor was placed in the muscles involved in the execution of these movements.
Beliefs about mathematics and academic performance: A descriptive - correlational analysis
Authors: Rincon G A , Fernández Cézar R , Hernandez C F 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this report has been to analyze students’ beliefs about mathematics and its relationship with their academic performance. The methodology used is quantitative, coupled to two study analyzes, the descriptive and the correlational, based on a non-experimental type design, correlational-causal transverse, since it seeks to explain the relationship between the variables. The technique used for data collection was a structured questionnaire, of questions of the Likert Scale type, which was applied to 121 students of 3 grade of primary basic education, belonging to a public educational institution of “San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, selected by non-probabilistic sampling. This instrument was submitted to the respective analyzes that determined its validity and reliability. For academic performance the instrument of characterization of skills and procedures used by third grade students in the area of mathematics was used, designed by the all to Learn program of the “Ministerio de Educación Nacional, Colombia”. The results show that beliefs about mathematics, from the perspective of students, are a factor in the academic performance of that area.