bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and control of a motor wheel system controlled by smartphone
Authors: Asus Z , Mat Razi M F I , Mahmudin M F , Che Daud Z H , Mazali I I , Ardani M I 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this project is to design a wheel system controlled by smartphone for multiple utilisations and determine its efficient control. The motor wheel system is equipped with four mecanum wheels with ten movements: forward, reverse, left, right, clockwise, counter-clockwise, and four on diagonal. PID control which is a closed-loop control was implemented to regulate the speed of the wheel system. The system is equipped with Bluetooth and a mobile application was developed as its user interface. Two control mode was developed in this project which is the precision mode where the user controls the wheel system manually using the smartphone as a control panel and another mode is the following mode where smartphone internal gyroscope and accelerometer are combined together to move the wheel system automatically with respect to the user body movements. CAD model of the design is developed in Solidworks and finite element analysis is done using CAE. FEA analysis is studied and discussed with focus on the critical location of the design. The full-size prototype of the design is developed and tested in normal running conditions. The system is proven to be reliable to carry loads and can be controlled efficiently by smartphone.
Predictive simulation of single cylinder n-butanol HCCI engine
Authors: Roslan Muhammad Faizullizam , Veza Ibham , Said Mohd Farid Muhamad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) is a commonly research new combustion mode due to its advantages over conventional combustion in internal combustion engine such as higher thermal efficiency as well as lower particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission. However, combustion phasing control difficulty is the main challenge in order to achieve this HCCI combustion due to the absence of direct auto-ignition control. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of engine load conditions, intake charge temperature and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate numerically on the combustion characteristics of HCCI engine in a single-cylinder and four-stroke engine fuelled with n-butanol. Predictive one-dimensional engine cycle simulation with single-zone model is employed in this study. A chemical kinetic mechanism of n-butanol is used to in this model to capture the chemical reaction process during the combustion. It was found that these parameters play important roles towards the combustion phasing of the HCCI engine as well as the in-cylinder pressure. This HCCI model is able to predict the trend of the combustion characteristics comprehensively with the variation of these critical parameters resulting in a good agreement with previous HCCI studies.
A novel double chamber rotary sleeve air compressor part I: design and thermodynamic model
Authors: Alduqri Y A , Kamar H M , Musa M N , Kamsah N B , Idris N R N , Alqaifi Gamal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel double chamber rotary sleeve compressor (DCRSC) concept. The compression mechanism is basically that of a rotary motion whereby the novelty lies in the usage of a rotating sleeves and a non-sliding vane that has one end fixed to a rotor and the other fixed end to an outer rotating sleeve. The main goal of this paper is to describe the compression processes of air as the working fluid and reveals the variations of pressure, temperature, mass and compression power inside the compressor working chambers at different rotational speed. Friction and leakage model of the proposed compressor are evaluated in Part II and Part III of this paper series. The compressor was theoretically analysed based on three thermodynamic compression approaches namely: adiabatic, polytropic and isothermal approaches. According to the thermodynamic simulation, a 171 cm3.rev−1 DCRSC can deliver a 15.4 m3.h−1 of compressed air at 9.3 bar, 6.8 bar and 4.9 bar when air undergoes adiabatic, polytropic and isothermal compression processes, respectively. The DCRSC compression mechanism shows a potential capabilities of a new compressor concept and to be well suited for the air conditioning and compressed air systems articles must contain an abstract.
Wettability Control of Nano-Columnar Dlc Thin Films Via Eb-Irradiation
Authors: Foo J. , Aizawa T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Amorphous carbon (a-C:H/a-C) or Diamond-like carbon, have a very high potential diverse engineering application especially in protective coating which made it an ideal method to be manipulated in process parameters so to achieve the desired mechanical and functional properties; this correlates to the smoothness, atomic density, and the sp3 content. The nano-structure of this amorphous carbon is characterized by its disordered state of sp2 and sp3. The mechanical property would response to the sp2/sp3 matrix with the small hydrogen content which leads to the significant increases in hardness, tribological and also the wettability properties. This vague columnar structure of DLC is strictly modified to fine and self-organized structure, where high-density, graphitic inter-columnar structure is embedded into the low-density amorphous carbon phase as being confirmed through characterization, mechanical properties and response. This unique hybrid system in the a-C:H films would control the functionality of the final coating in customized way to suit multi-disciplinary engineering applications. This Nano-columnar a-C:H system. However, this hybrid system is still bound to the triangular diagram of sp2-sp3-H in the formation of a-C or a-C:H. This formed nano-columanar a-C:H films shows a unique nano-structure and its graphatized inter-columnar network with amorphous columns responsible the desired properties manipulation. In this paper, correlation between the degree of graphitization and wettability is established.
Optimization procedure for parameter determination of caboche kinematic hardening model
Authors: Moslemi Navid , Golzardian Mohsen , Redzuan Norizah , Mozafari Farzin , Ayob Amran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The ratcheting behavior and prediction of 316L stainless steel pipe was developed using numerical finite elementapproach. The Chaboche model parameters to be used in the numerical method were adopted from symmetric post monotonic teston the pipe. The significant property, the elastic limitof the material,was extracted using incremental cyclic uniaxial test. Comparison between two well-known optimization methods, Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm gave the former a slightly better correlation with experimental tests.The Chaboche model in ANSYS was utilized to predict the uniaxial ratcheting behavior of the pipe specimen. Theclose comparison of rate of ratcheting between finite element simulation and experimental test indicates that accurate elastic limit extraction from post monotonic test alone results in improved ratcheting prediction, with PSO method adopted to optimize ratcheting parameters.
High-sensitivity detection of chlorothalonil via terahertz metasensor
Authors: Zhang Yixing , Ye Yunxia , Song Xiaoxian , Yang Maosheng , Ren Yunpeng , Ren Xudong , Liang Lanju , Yao Jianquan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Given the complex pretreatment and low sensitivity of pesticide residue detection with the conventional testing method, a Terahertz metasensor consisting of the four-division ring resonator (FSRRs) was proposed and fabricated for the identification and detection of chlorothalonil. Through simulations, the theoretical sensitivity of this metasensor was found to reach 156.3 GHz /RIU (RIU, refractive index unit) under an analyte layer 1 μm thick. Through experiments, firstly, the characteristic fingerprint spectrum of chlorothalonil in the THz band was obtained by detecting solid chlorothalonil with THz time-domain spectrum system. Then, Terahertz metasensor was used to detect the chlorothalonil solutions of different concentrations. The experimental results showed that the resonant peak of the metasensor was redshifted with the increase of chlorothalonil concentration. Compared with the detection strategy only using the characteristic fingerprint spectrum, the sensitivity of the metasensor improved 106 times, which was up to a minimum of 1 mg l−1. This study indicates that the metasensor is a promising optical device for detecting the pesticide residues with a very high sensitivity.
Optical and structural analysis of ultra-long GaAs nanowires after nitrogen-plasma passivation
Authors: André Yamina , Isik Goktas Nebile , Monier Guillaume , Hijazi Hadi , Mehdi Hussein , Bougerol Catherine , Bideux Luc , Trassoudaine Agnès , Paget Daniel , Leymarie Joël , Gil Evelyne , Robert-Goumet Christine , LaPierre Ray R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The structural and optical properties of individual ultra-long GaAs nanowires (NWs) were studied after different nitrogen passivation process conditions. The surface morphology of the NWs after passivation was characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and high angle annular dark field (HAADF) imaging. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) confirmed the presence of nitrogen on the NW surface. Micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) on single NWs indicated an increase of the luminescence intensity upon passivation. This work reveals the efficacy of a plasma passivation process on complex nanometer-scale morphologies.
Low-cost descriptors of electrostatic and electronic contributions to anion redox activity in batteries
Authors: Davies Daniel W , Morgan Benjamin J , Scanlon David O , Walsh Aron 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Conventional battery cathodes are limited by the redox capacity of the transition metal components. For example, the delithiation of LiCoO2 involves the formal oxidation from Co(III) to Co(IV). Enhanced capacities can be achieved if the anion also contributes to reversible oxidation. The origins of redox activity in crystals are difficult to quantify from experimental measurements or first-principles materials modelling. We present practical procedures to describe the electrostatic (Madelung potential) and electronic (integrated density of states) contributions, which are applied to the LiMO2 and Li2
MO3 (M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au) model systems. We discuss how such descriptors could be integrated in a materials design workflow.
Integrated gasification and non-thermal plasma-catalysis system for cleaner syngas production from cellulose
Authors: Craven Michael , Wang Yaolin , Yang Haiping , Wu Chunfei , Tu Xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An innovative integrated gasification and plasma-catalytic system has been developed to produce cleaner syngas from a model biofeedstock (α-cellulose). The influence of Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst on the plasma reforming of tar-contaminated syngas has been investigated using a cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge reactor. The results show that plasma-catalytic processing of the syngas from biomass gasification significantly reduces the concentration of tars by 88% and enhances the total gas product yield and the syngas ratio (H2/CO) by up to 90%.
Temporal migration rates affect the genetic structure of populations in the biennialErysimum mediohispanicumwith reproductive asynchrony
Authors: Muñoz-Pajares A Jesús , Abdelaziz Mohamed , Picó F Xavier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMigration is a process with important implications for the genetic structure of populations. However, there is an aspect of migration seldom investigated in plants: migration between temporally isolated groups of individuals within the same geographic population. The genetic implications of temporal migration can be particularly relevant for semelparous organisms, which are those that reproduce only once in a lifetime after a certain period of growth. In this case, reproductive asynchrony in individuals of the same population generates demes of individuals differing in their developmental stage (non-reproductive and reproductive). These demes are connected by temporal migrants, that is, individuals that become annually asynchronous with respect to the rest of individuals of their same deme. Here, we investigated the extent of temporal migration and its effects on temporal genetic structure in the biennial plant Erysimum mediohispanicum. To this end, we conducted two independent complementary approaches. First, we empirically estimated temporal migration rates and temporal genetic structure in four populations of E. mediohispanicum during three consecutive years using nuclear microsatellites markers. Second, we developed a demographic genetic simulation model to assess genetic structure for different migration scenarios differing in temporal migration rates and their occurrence probabilities. We hypothesized that genetic structure decreased with increasing temporal migration rates due to the homogenizing effect of migration. Empirical and modelling results were consistent and indicated a U-shape relationship between genetic structure and temporal migration rates. Overall, they indicated the existence of temporal genetic structure and that such genetic structure indeed decreased with increasing temporal migration rates. However, genetic structure increased again at high temporal migration rates. The results shed light into the effects of reproductive asynchrony on important population genetic parameters. Our study contributes to unravel the complexity of some processes that may account for genetic diversity and genetic structure of natural populations.
Experimental Evaluation of Spontaneous Olfactory Discrimination in Two Nocturnal Primates (Microcebus murinus and M. lehilahytsara)
Authors: Kollikowski Annika , Jeschke Selina , Radespiel Ute 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSolitary species often employ chemocommunication to facilitate mate localization. In the solitarily foraging, nocturnal mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.), females advertise their short period of estrus acoustically and by increased scent marking, whereas males search widely for receptive females. Both sexes can be trained by operant conditioning to discriminate conspecific from heterospecific urine scent. However, it is not known, if males during and outside the reproductive season show different spontaneous interest in conspecific female urine, and if urine from estrous females elicits a higher investigation response than that from diestrous females. We established a spontaneous discrimination paradigm and quantified olfactory investigation responses of 21 captive male mouse lemurs of M. lehilahytsara and M. murinus when presenting 1 conspecific and 1 heterospecific female urine odor sample simultaneously. Overall, M. murinus investigated stimuli significantly longer than M. lehilahytsara. Moreover, males of M. murinus showed significantly longer olfactory investigation at conspecific urine samples during but not outside the reproductive season. This indicates that female urinary cues are spontaneously discriminated by male M. murinus and that this discrimination is more relevant during the reproductive season. However, males of both species did not show different responses toward urine samples from estrous versus diestrous females. Finally, male age did not correlate with the overall duration of olfactory investigation, and investigation levels were similar when testing with fresh or frozen urine samples. In conclusion, this new spontaneous discrimination paradigm provides a useful additional tool to study olfactory communication of nocturnal primates from the receiver’s perspective.
Management of COVID-19 myopericarditis with reversal of cardiac dysfunction after blunting of cytokine storm: a case report
Authors: Li Angela , Garcia-Bengochea Youssef , Stechel Richard , Azari Bani M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a syndrome that has been associated with multiple cardiac complications including myopericarditis. The pathophysiology and treatment for myopericarditis in the setting of COVID-19 infection is still under investigation.

Case summary
We present a case of a 60-year-old male admitted for dyspnoea due to COVID-19. He developed new ST-segment elevation, elevated cardiac enzymes, severe left ventricular dysfunction, and high inflammatory markers in the setting of haemodynamic and respiratory collapse from the viral illness. He was diagnosed with COVID-19-induced myopericarditis. He showed rapid clinical improvement with a rapid wean off pressure support, resolution of electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, and recovery of left ventricular systolic function following treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and methylprednisolone.

Discussion
COVID-19’s complex and devastating complications continue to create new challenges for clinicians. Cardiac complications, specifically, have been shown to be a signal for worse prognosis in these patients. IVIG and steroids can inhibit the inflammatory cascade and decrease myocardial injury, with implications in treatment of severe myopericarditis.
Prevalence of Undiagnosed Diabetes in 2004 and 2012: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Huang Yun-Ting , Steptoe Andrew , Zaninotto Paola 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
In light of recent publicity campaigns to raise awareness of diabetes, we investigated changes in the prevalence of diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes in adults age 50 and older in England between 2004 and 2012, and explored risk factors for undiagnosed diabetes.

Method
In total, 7666 and 7729 individuals were from Wave 2 (2004–2005, mean age 66.6) and Wave 6 (2012–2013, mean age 67.6) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Diagnosed diabetes was defined as either self-reported diabetes or taking diabetic medications. Undiagnosed diabetes was defined as not self-reporting diabetes and not taking diabetic medications, but having a glycated hemoglobin measurement ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%).

Results
There were increases in both diagnosed diabetes (7.7%–11.5%) and undiagnosed diabetes (2.4%–3.4%) between 2004 and 2012. However, a small decrease in the proportion of people with diabetes who were unaware of this condition (24.5%–23.1%, p &lt; .05) was observed. Only men aged 50–74 showed a stable prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, with better recognition of diabetes. Age, non-white ethnicity, manual social class, higher diastolic blood pressure, and cholesterol level were factors associated with higher risks of undiagnosed diabetes, whereas greater depressive symptoms were related to lower risks.

Conclusion
This study suggests that the greater awareness of diabetes in the population of England has not resulted in a decline in undiagnosed cases between 2004 and 2012. A greater focus on people from lower socioeconomic groups and those with cardiometabolic risk factors may help early diagnosis of diabetes for older adults.
Selective Reshaping: China’s Paradigm Shift in International Economic Governance
Authors: Wang Heng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In contrast with the selective adaptation approach toward external norms seen in its accession to the World Trade Organization, China increasingly plays a proactive role on the international stage, with the Belt and Road Initiative at the center of these activities. How can we understand this new approach by China toward international economic governance? What is responsible for China’s shifting approach, and what are the implications of this shift? The paper presents selective reshaping as a new theoretical framework, and argues that China is shifting toward the selective reshaping of institutions and rules within the global economic order. Within this theoretical framework, perception and conception, complementarity and legitimacy are influencing components that affect selective reshaping, and which manifest substantially differently in this context, when compared with selective adaptation. Selective reshaping is likely to transform the institutions and rules within the international economic order, and carry long-term implications.
Illness Uncertainty Longitudinally Predicts Distress Among Caregivers of Children Born With DSD
Authors: Roberts Caroline M , Sharkey Christina M , Bakula Dana M , Perez Megan N , Delozier Alexandria J , Austin Paul F , Baskin Laurence S , Chan Yee-Ming , Cheng Earl Y , Diamond David A , Fried Allyson J , Kropp Bradley , Lakshmanan Yegappan , Meyer Sabrina Z , Meyer Theresa , Nokoff Natalie J , Palmer Blake W , Paradis Alethea , Reyes Kristy J Scott , Tishelman Amy , Williot Pierre , Wolfe-Christensen Cortney , Yerkes Elizabeth B , Aston Christopher , Wisniewski Amy B , Mullins Larry L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveA subset of parents of children with disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) including ambiguous genitalia experience clinically elevated levels of anxious and depressive symptoms. Research indicates that uncertainty about their child’s DSD is associated with parent psychosocial distress; however, previous studies have been cross-sectional or correlational in nature. The current study is the first to examine the longitudinal trajectory of the relationship between caregiver-perceived uncertainty about their child’s DSD and caregiver anxious and depressive symptoms across the first 12 months following genital surgery in young children, or if surgery was not performed, the first 12 months following study entry.MethodsOne hundred and thirteen caregivers (Mage = 32.12; 57.5% mothers; 72.6% Caucasian) of children (N = 70; Mage = 9.81 months; 65.7% female) with DSD were recruited from 12 DSD specialty clinics in the United States. Caregivers completed psychosocial measures at baseline, 6 and 12 months following genitoplasty, or study entry if parents elected not to have surgery for their child.ResultsCaregiver illness uncertainty and both anxious and depressive symptoms were highest at baseline and decreased over time (ps &lt; .05). Caregiver illness uncertainty predicted symptoms of anxious and depressive symptoms across all time points (ps &lt; .05).ConclusionsCaregivers’ perceptions of uncertainty about their child’s DSD are highest soon after diagnosis, and uncertainty continues to predict both anxious and depressive symptoms across time. Thus, the initial diagnostic period is a critical time for psychological assessment and intervention, with parent illness uncertainty being an important clinical target.