bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of bird species diversity between 4th ages burnt and unburnt land in PT Waimusi Agroindah, South Sumatera
Authors: Putri Marini Machdi , Santosa Yanto 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, one of the most highlighted issues in oil palm plantations is land fire. The fire event is thought to have a negative impact on biodiversity, including birds. One of the major fires ever occurred in Indonesia in 2015. The fire also struck on PT Waimusi Agroindah, South Sumatra. The high accusation that the fire only caused a negative impact triggered a lawsuit against oil palm companies that experienced fires to pay the cost of environmental damage fines. The small number of studies conducted to determine the impact of fires on bird species diversity requires further research to determine the condition of bird species diversity after the fire, especially on oil palm plantations. The method for estimating impacts of fire is to compare species diversity between unburnt and post-burn land. While the observation method used is the line transect in the morning and afternoon with three repetitions. The results showed that there were 39 species of birds on burnt land and 36 species of birds on unburnt land. The highest type of Margalef index is shown by burnt land which is equal to 6.37 and the Evenness index is 0.90. Overall there was an increase in bird species diversity on post-burnt land because there were gains of 5 species and loss of 2 species. Changes in the composition of bird species in both land types are caused because post-burnt land has a higher feed potential. The majority of birds at the study site are insectivorous. There are 13 species of bird which is included into protected species according to the Permen LHK No. P 106 of 2018 and also CITES and IUCN status.
Refocusing on Community-Based Fire Management (A Review)
Authors: Krah C Y , Perdinan  , Njume A C , Aminah  
Published: June 2020

AbstractForest fires do not only destroy the forests, it endangers public health, disrupt socio-economic activities, and contribute to greenhouse gas emission but do more harm than good to the ecosystem. A greater percent of forest fires occurring in the world, especially developing countries have been identified to have human causes. Land use was identified as number one cause while others like conflicts and human errors follow as reasons for which people burn the forest. Governments and cooperate bodies have invested much in solutions that largely control these fires rather than preventing them. This approach has yielded results that do not match the investments. It is in view of this worrying situation that this review was carried out to reassess the prospects of Community Based Fire Management (CBFiM) system as a critical component for achieving an effective integrated forest fire management. The work is structured into four sections, section one introduces forest fires and discusses general causes, and prevailing management tactics, section two discusses CBFiM and its potentials, section three follows up with case-studies from USA, Vietnam, and Ghana, the fourth section concludes with ways of enhancing the CBFiM system to make it more effective.
Questioning law enforcement against forest fire in Indonesia
Authors: Soedomo Sudarsono , Risdiyanto Idung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Forest fires in Indonesia occur repeatedly every year and longer droughts are generally followed by more widespread forest fires. The impact caused by the forest fire is very significant environ-mentally, economically, and socially. Almost all of these forest fires are triggered by human actions, so it makes sense that actors who cause forest fires must take responsibility for their actions before the law. But unfortunately, law enforcement against forest fires is very awkward and unfair. Using satellite imagery and land use maps, one can detect the distribution of hotspots that are most likely to cause forest fires and who controls the burning land. Forest fires generally occur on land that appears neglected. Law enforcement is generally carried out against private actors who are considered to control land that is on fire, while government actors who also have the responsibility for the absence of forest fires have never been prosecuted as happened to private actors. Furthermore, the way the government calculates losses due to forest fires is very unreasonable.
Forecast fishing areas in the waters of the Kei Islands based on satellite data
Authors: Saragih R W , Mannu D M A , Ryan M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Maluku is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is dominated by the sea. The region of Maluku consisting of small islands and separated by the ocean, makes the majority of the people in this province choose to use the sea as their main livelihood. The sea of Kei Island is one of the considerable fisheries potential. The purpose of this study is to make an estimate of fishing areas by utilizing sea surface temperature data and satellite image data. This study use descriptive method using MODIS-Aqua Chlorophyll-a satellite data and sea surface temperature data. These data will be used to forecast fishing area. Chlorophyll-a as food source of fish in the sea while sea surface temperature influence viability of organism in the sea. With good content of chlorophyll-a and fit the sea surface temperature, that zone has the potential to become a fishing area.
Carbon stock of the seagrass Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii in Tanjung Tiram coastal waters, Poka, Ambon Island
Authors: Tupan C I , Wawo M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Seagrass is a marine plant that can reduce carbon dioxide by storing carbon and can bind carbon in thousands of years. The ability of seagrass beds as a carbon sink can be determined by calculating carbon stocks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the carbon stock of seagrass Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii. This research took place at Tanjung Tiram Coastal Waters, Poka Village, Ambon Island on June 2019. The study was conducted at two different stations, namely station one on mixed sand and gravel substrates and station two on mixed sand and mud substrates. Carbon content was analyzed by using the Walkley and Black method. The results of the study showed that carbon stock of E. acoroides ranged from 78.89 gC.m-2 to 107.42 gC.m-2 and was higher than T. hemprichii, which ranges from 50.04 gC.m-2 to 64.75 gC.m-2. The carbon stock was higher in the bellow ground component, especially in rhizome which was 46.94 gC.m-2 - 61 gC.m-2 (E. acoroides) and 25.74 gC.m-2 - 33.59 gC.m-2 (T. hemprichii). Seagrass beds in the mixed sand and mud substrates have a higher carbon stock and can store more carbon.
Carrying capacity and tourism suitability of Ngurbloat Beach, Southeast Maluku Regency
Authors: Renjaan Melissa Justine , Raka Susanty Ida I Dewa Ayu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to know the suitable tourism for beach recreation, swimming, and sitting relaxed, measuring the carrying capacity of the Ngurbloat Beach and knowing the tourist perception of beauty and comfort. The research conducted from February to May 2019. Method of determining the station used a purposive sampling technique while the method of determining the respondent used an accidental sampling technique. Data analysis perform used a tourism suitability matrix, carrying capacity analysis and tourism perception analysis. This Research consisted of three observation stations. The results showed the suitability index of tourism for beach recreation at all stations is a highly suitable category is 100%. Swimming tours on all stations are in a category high suitable with 97% of index suitability and 90% of relaxing seat tourism is a highly suitable category. The results of data analysis of effective carrying capacity (ECC) showed Ngurbloat beach is able to accommodate tourist of 238 people/day. If the tourist visit exceeds the carrying capacity it will impact the coastal ecosystem. The interview showed 80% of tourists expressed comfort and 90% of the tourists stated that Ngurbloat Beach was beautiful.
Beach orientation and exposure accumulate types of marine debris on the coast of Dullah Island, kei archipelago, Indonesia
Authors: Renjaan Eugenius Alfred , Silubun Dortje T , Latar Dullah I , Makailipessy Marvin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Marine debris has become the world’s attention from various aspects. The survey was conducted in April and May 2019, at 6 coastal locations on Dullah Island which have a coastline of 74,796 km. The purpose of this survey is to find out how beach orientation and beach exposure affect the type of marine debris that accumulates on the beach on the coast of Dullah Island. The survey results show that statistically, there is a very significant and positive correlation between island orientation and beach exposure with total accumulation of marine debris, but negatively and insignificantly correlated with accumulation of plastic debris, ie; the greater the beach exposure will accumulate total debris the sea but conversely the greater beach exposure causes light plastic debris to be swept from the beach by waves and tides. Of the average total marine debris, 46% consists of plastic items while the most plastic clusters that accumulate on the beach are “common items” (53%).
Assessment of sediment quality in the waters around of ternate city, North of Maluku, Indonesia based on an index analysis approach
Authors: Edward  , Kusnadi Agus , Triandiza Teddy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of heavy metals in sediments and to assesses the sediment quality based on an index analysis approach. Sediment samples were collected from five different stations located along the coast around Ternate City waters. Heavy metal content was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that mercury levels ranged from: 0.592-3.571 mg/kg, Lead: 10.4-12.4 mg/kg, Cadmium: 0.095-0.298 mg/kg and Copper: 0.713-40.494. The average levels of Pb, Cd and Cu are still lower than the sediment quality threshold values, exception Hg. The results of the index analysis showed that the average value of enrichment factors of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu are 786.162, 104.511, 118.195 and 30.810 (no enrichment to very high enrichment), contamination factors are 4.363, 0.568, 0.653 and 0.208 (no contamination to slight), geo-accumulation index are 1.291, -1.404, -1.288 and - 4.586 (unpolluted to moderate polluted) respectively. Based on the pollution load index value (PLI <1), sediments in these waters are categorized as not yet polluted by Hg, Pb, Cd and Cu.
The study of sustainable procurement in the procurement of ready mixed concrete supplier
Authors: Setiadi T , Abduh M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, the concept of sustainable construction has been known, namely the implementation of construction that considers social and environmental aspects in addition to the economic aspects. Sustainable construction has been mandated in Law Number 2 of 2017 concerning Construction Services. The success of sustainable construction is inseparable from the role of its supply chain network, the supply chain involved is selected through the procurement process so that the procurement process needs to consider sustainable aspects as well. This study discusses the sustainable procurement of ready-mixed concrete suppliers carried out by Indonesian contractors in order to realize the implementation of sustainable construction. The level of procurement process implementation of the ready-mixed concrete suppliers will be compared with ISO 20400 which is a sustainable guideline for flexible procurement and sustainable procurement best practices at the London Olympics 2012 project as well as various literature on sustainable concrete work to see more detailed about the implementation of sustainable criteria of Ready-mixed concrete job. The study was conducted by analyzing qualitative data obtained through semi-structured interviews conducted on 4 BUMN contractors and 1 BUMS contractor in Indonesia that had carried out green building projects. Based on the results of data processing and analysis, it was found that the process of procuring concrete by the contractors fulfilled about 44% - 76% of the principle of sustainable procurement at ISO 20400. In this study, an overview and comparison of the sustainable procurement practice of ready-mixed concrete suppliers is described by contractors in Indonesia with ISO 20400 standards, as well as sustainable procurement best practices and what obstacles are faced in the implementation of sustainable procurement, and how contractors in Indonesia can increase implementation of sustainable procurement when procuring ready-mixed concrete supplier in the future.
The Effect of Lighting, Aeration and Stirring on Industrial Synthetic Resin Wastewater Model Treatment by Using Tubular Bioreactor
Authors: Ramadhan M Y A , Harahap A F P , Hartono H , Gozan M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Industrial synthetic resin wastewater biological treatment has widely carried out. However, given its highly resistant organic content, the effect of some operating conditions is not well understood. A culture bacteria (PB) was taken from an industrial waste treatment facility and was tried in the lab-scale tubular reactor to observe the effect of lighting, aeration and mixing. The results showed that lighting gave an unclear outcome. However, aeration and stirring experiments had increased the quality of the treated wastewater model, as shown by the lower COD, odor, and clarity. The volatility of the synthetic resin might have influenced beside the biodegradation process. This qualitative-quantitative approach research gives a simple approach for further understanding of what occurred during the wastewater treatment process in the field application.
Experts Opinion on Building Passive Strategy Performance
Authors: Sahid  , Sumiyati Y , Purisari R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Passive strategy is believed as the primary strategy to achieve high performance on green building before applying an active strategy. Various passive strategy options need to be used optimally in buildings before implementing an active strategy. Architects can choose different passive strategy options while combining them to be applied to buildings. Architects need to listen to the opinions of experts who have been engaged in the field of green architecture or passive strategies to achieve the best performance. This study aims to determine the opinions of experts on the performance of passive green building strategies based on their understanding while giving weight to the main options available. This study has used an interview to confirm the available passive strategy options and have used the Analytic Hierarchy Process to weigh the performance of the passive strategy options according to criteria obtained from various sources. The criteria used in measuring passive strategy performance are energy efficiency, environmental impact, comfort, ease of implementation, savings in operational and investment cost. It can be concluded that according to experts, the most influential passive strategy option on building performance is the building shape, followed by building orientation, building envelope, interior design, and greenery.
Sustainability Design on Use of Biomass Waste Gasification Technology for Small Industry of Palm Sugar in Sinarlaut Village
Authors: Budiarto R , Arnif I , Wardhana A R , Novitasari D , Margono B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sinarlaut Village is located in Agrabinta District, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. The community is mainly farmers, and some people produce palm sugar from coconut tree sap. Farming activities produce various agricultural waste. One of them is an abundant rice husk. This research conducted an analysis focusing on the feasibility of implementing gasification technology in supporting small industry palm sugar. The study was conducted not only on the technical aspect but also on the multi-variable sustainability aspect. One business cooks around 60 liters of sap for 6-8 hours to produce approximately 20 kg of palm sugar daily. The community uses firewood to cook coconut tree sap. They need around 50 kg/day firewood equivalent to 197,400 kcal/day. Based on the calculations, 59,818 kg of rice husk is an alternative resource to replace wood as fuel for cooking sap by gasification technology. The evaluation shows disadvantages and gap problems in terms of social, operation and maintenance, readiness to use, waste, land availability, and safety standard that should be managed. To implement the technology diffusion, social engineering needs to be conducted in the community to build system sustainability. The challenge will be more substantial for the effort to implement gasification technology on mass scale.
Frequency distribution of foliar nickel is bimodal in the ultramafic flora of Kinabalu Park (Sabah, Malaysia)
Authors: van der Ent Antony , Echevarria Guillaume , Nkrumah Philip Nti , Erskine Peter D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The aim of this study was to test the frequency distributions of foliar elements from a large dataset from Kinabalu Park (Sabah, Malaysia) for departure from unimodality, indicative of a distinct ecophysiological response associated with hyperaccumulation.

Methods
We collected foliar samples (n = 1533) comprising 90 families, 198 genera and 495 plant species from ultramafic soils, further foliar samples (n = 177) comprising 45 families, 80 genera and 120 species from non-ultramafic soils and corresponding soil samples (n = 393 from ultramafic soils and n = 66 from non-ultramafic soils) from Kinabalu Park (Sabah, Malaysia). The data were geographically (Kinabalu Park) and edaphically (ultramafic soils) constrained. The inclusion of a relatively high proportion (approx. 14 %) of samples from hyperaccumulator species [with foliar concentrations of aluminium and nickel (Ni) &gt;1000 μg g–1, cobalt, copper, chromium and zinc &gt;300 μg g–1 or manganese (Mn) &gt;10 mg g–1] allowed for hypothesis testing.

Key Results
Frequency distribution graphs for most elements [calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P)] were unimodal, although some were skewed left (Mg and Mn). The Ni frequency distribution was bimodal and the separation point for the two modes was between 250 and 850 μg g–1.

Conclusions
Accounting for statistical probability, the established empirical threshold value (&gt;1000 μg g–1) remains appropriate. The two discrete modes for Ni indicate ecophysiologically distinct behaviour in plants growing in similar soils. This response is in contrast to Mn, which forms the tail of a continuous (approximately log-normal) distribution, suggestive of an extension of normal physiological processes.
BnpC: Bayesian non-parametric clustering of single-cell mutation profiles
Authors: Borgsmüller Nico , Bonet Jose , Marass Francesco , Gonzalez-Perez Abel , Lopez-Bigas Nuria , Beerenwinkel Niko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMotivationThe high resolution of single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) offers great potential to resolve intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) by distinguishing clonal populations based on their mutation profiles. However, the increasing size of scDNA-seq datasets and technical limitations, such as high error rates and a large proportion of missing values, complicate this task and limit the applicability of existing methods.ResultsHere, we introduce BnpC, a novel non-parametric method to cluster individual cells into clones and infer their genotypes based on their noisy mutation profiles. We benchmarked our method comprehensively against state-of-the-art methods on simulated data using various data sizes, and applied it to three cancer scDNA-seq datasets. On simulated data, BnpC compared favorably against current methods in terms of accuracy, runtime and scalability. Its inferred genotypes were the most accurate, especially on highly heterogeneous data, and it was the only method able to run and produce results on datasets with 5000 cells. On tumor scDNA-seq data, BnpC was able to identify clonal populations missed by the original cluster analysis but supported by Supplementary Experimental Data. With ever growing scDNA-seq datasets, scalable and accurate methods such as BnpC will become increasingly relevant, not only to resolve ITH but also as a preprocessing step to reduce data size.Availability and implementationBnpC is freely available under MIT license at https://github.com/cbg-ethz/BnpC.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Testing for measurement error in survey data analysis using paradata
Authors: Da Silva D N , Skinner C J 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Paradata refers to survey variables which are not of direct interest themselves, but are related to the quality of data on survey variables which are of interest. We focus on a categorical paradata variable, which reflects the presence of measurement error in a variable of interest. We propose a quasi-score test of the hypothesis of no measurement error bias in the estimation of regression coefficients under models for paradata. We also propose a regression-based test, analogous to a simple test proposed by Fuller for instrumental variables. The methods developed can take account of a complex sampling design. In an application with data from the British Household Panel Survey, all tests provide clear evidence of measurement bias in the estimated coefficient of gross pay. In a simulation study, all tests have rejection rates close to the nominal level under the null hypothesis; the quasi-score tests display more power than the regression-based test. The size of the quasi-score test is shown to be robust to some forms of misspecification of the paradata model, both by a theoretical argument and in findings of the simulation study.
Risk-Managing Decision-Making: A Psycho-Social Rationality Model
Authors: Taylor Brian J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Social workers are frequently involved in making decisions and in managing risks, although there has been limited conceptualisation to connect these tasks with each other or with assessment processes. This lack of connection reflects the general separateness of the wider academic discourses on risk and uncertainty (often sociological and organisational, relating frequently to business or economic contexts) and those on decision-making (often focusing on psychology of individual judgement, and typically relating to medical or military contexts). This article presents and explores the potential of a ‘risk-managing decision model’, as an example of a model linking risk management with decision science. This is a psycho-social rationality model for choosing between options, such as possible care, support or intervention plans for a client or family. Rather than treating the options as ‘given’ (i.e. unchangeable), as in most decision theories, this model proposes that the decision maker(s) look for ways to manage or reduce the risks inherent in the preferred option as part of the decision process. Like other psycho-social rationality models, this model incorporates both individual cognitive dimensions and framing aspects of the decision environment. Relevance to social work is discussed with examples and reference to various settings and decision processes.