bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of self-care counseling on depression and anxiety in women with Endometriosis: a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Farshi Nooshin , Hasanpour Shirin , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Esmaeilpour Khalil 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Considering the prevalence of endometriosis and depression and anxiety caused by this disease and its effect on the body, mind and quality of life of patients, this study was performed to determine the effect of self-care counseling on depression and anxiety (primary outcome), and quality of life of women with endometriosis (secondary outcome). Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 76 women with endometriosis who were treated in Al-Zahra Teaching and Treatment Center of Tabriz between2017-2019. The patients were divided into intervention (counselling) and control groups using random blocking method. For the intervention group, self-care group counseling was held weekly for 7 sessions. The control group received routine care. The Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Spline Berger Anxiety Inventory and SF36 Quality of Life Questionnaire were completed by the researcher through an interview before and four weeks after the intervention. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups in terms of socio-demographic characteristics (p>0.05). After intervention mean scores of state anxiety (mean difference: -0.12, 95% confidence interval: -9.6 to -14.4, p<0.001) and trait anxiety (mean difference: -10.9: 95% confidence interval: -9.1 to -12.7, p=0.001) were significantly lower than control group and mean score of depression in counseling group was less than control group but it was not significant (p=0/565). Mean score of quality of life in terms of physical health (mean difference= 17.2, 95% confidence interval: 13.8 to 20.5, p<0.001) and in terms of mental health mean difference = 12.0, 95% confidence interval: 9.0 to 14.9, p<0.001) were significantly upper in counselling group. Conclusion: Self-care counselling is effective on anxiety and quality of life of women with endometriosis. So in addition to other therapies, this method is recommended to improve the mental health of patients with this disease. Trial Registration: IRCT Registration Number: IRCT 20111219008459N13, registered 10 February 2019, https://irct.ir/user/trial/35915
Joint Hemorrhage Accelerates Cartilage Degeneration in a Rat Immobilized Knee Model
Authors: Sogi Yasuhito , Yabe Yutaka , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Onoda Yoshito , Sekiguchi Takuya , Itaya Nobuyuki , Yoshida Shinichiro , Yano Toshihisa , Suzuki Kazuaki , Onoki Takahiro , Itoi Eiji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Joint hemorrhage is caused by trauma, ligament reconstruction surgery, and bleeding disorder such as hemophilia. Recurrence of hemorrhage in the joint space induces hemosiderotic synovitis as well as oxidative stress, resulting in both articular cartilage degeneration and arthropathy. Joint immobilization is a common treatment option for articular fractures accompanied by joint hemorrhage. Although it is apparent that joint hemorrhage is harmful on the articular cartilage, there was no consensus whether reduction of joint hemorrhage is effective to prevent articular cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the articular cartilage degeneration induced by a combination of joint hemorrhage and joint immobilization in a rat knee model.Methods: The knee joints of adult male rats were immobilized at the flexion using an internal fixator from 3 days to 8 weeks. The rats were divided randomly into two groups: immobilized blood injection (Im-B) group and immobilized-normal saline injection (Im-NS) group. The cartilage was evaluated at two areas (contact and non-contact areas). The cartilage was assessed for the chondrocyte count, Modified Mankin score, and cartilage thickness. Total RNA was extracted from the cartilage in both areas, and gene expressions of metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-13, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: The number of chondrocytes in the Im-B group significantly decreased in both areas, compared to the Im-NS group. Modified Mankin score from 4–8 weeks of the Im-B group was significantly greater than the Im-NS group only in the contact area. Gene expressions of MMP-8 and MMP-13 from 2–4 weeks and TNF-α from 2–8 weeks significantly increased in the Im-B group compared to the Im-NS group, while there was no significant difference in IL-1β.Conclusions: This study showed that joint hemorrhage exacerbated immobilization-induced articular cartilage degeneration. Therefore, drainage of a joint hemorrhage and avoidance of loading are recommended to prevent cartilage degeneration during immobilization of a joint hemorrhage.
Levels, Trends and Determinants of Technical Efficiency of General Hospitals in Uganda: Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit Regression Analysis
Authors: Ayiko Rogers , Mujasi Paschal N. , Abaliwano Joyce , Turyareeba Dickson , Enyaku Rogers , Anguyo Robert , Odoch Walter , Bakibinga Pauline , Aliti Tom 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background General hospitals provide a wide range of primary and secondary healthcare services. They accounted for 38% of government funding to hospitals, 8.8% of OPD visits and 28% of admissions in Uganda in FY 2016/17. We assessed the levels, trends and determinants of technical efficiency of general hospitals in Uganda from FY 2012/13 to FY 2016/17.Methods We undertook input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis to estimate technical efficiency of 78 general hospitals using data abstracted from the Annual Health Sector Performance Reports for FY 2012/13, 2014/15 and 2016/17. Trends in technical efficiency was analysed using Excel while determinants of technical efficiency were analysed using Tobit Regression Model in STATA 15.1.Results Average Constant Returns to Scale, Variable Returns to Scale and Scale Efficiency of general hospitals for FY 2016/17 were 49% (95% CI, 44% − 54%), 69% (95% CI, 65% − 74%) and 70% (95% CI, 65% − 75%) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the efficiency scores of public and private hospitals. Technical efficiency generally increased from FY2012/13 to 2014/15, and dropped by FY 2016/17. Some hospitals were persistently efficient while others were inefficient over this period. Hospital size, geographical location, training status and average length of stay were statistically significant determinants of efficiency at 5% level of significance.Conclusion The 69% average variable returns to scale technical efficiency indicates that the hospitals could generate the same volume of outputs using 31% (3,439) less staff and 31% (3,539) less beds. Benchmarking performance of the efficient hospitals would help to guide performance improvement in the inefficient ones. There is need to incorporate hospital size, geographical location, training status and average length of stay in the resource allocation formula and adopt annual hospital efficiency assessments.
The role of telehealth during COVID-19 outbreak: A systematic review based on current evidence
Authors: Monaghesh Elham , Hajizadeh Alireza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose The outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern. Telehealth is effective option to fight COVID-19 outbreak. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the role of telehealth services during COVID-19 outbreak.Methods This systematic review was conducted through searching five databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Science direct. Inclusion criteria included studies clearly defined role of telehealth services in COVID-19 outbreak, published from December 31, 2019, written in English language and published in peer reviewed. Two reviewers independently assessed search results, extracted data, and assessed quality of included studies. Quality assessment was based on the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist. Narrative synthesis was undertaken to summarize and report the findings.Results Eight studies met the inclusion out of the 142 search results. Currently, healthcare providers and patients who are self-isolating, telehealth is certainly appropriate to minimizing the risk of COVID-19 transmission. This solution has the potential to avoidance of direct physical contact, provide continuous care to the community and finally reduce morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 outbreak.Conclusions The use of telehealth improves the provision of health services. Therefore, telehealth should be an important tool in caring services while keeping patients and health providers safe as the COVID-19 outbreak.
Experiences of Sexual Health in Persons with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis from A Physiotherapeutic Perspective: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Strid Emma Nilsing , Hamping Marie Ekelius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the world’s most common form of arthritis and a common cause of musculoskeletal pain and disability. Persons living with chronic diseases often have affected sexual health because of pain and limited function. Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease but there is scarce knowledge about how sexual health is experienced. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of sexual health in persons with hip and/or knee OA.Methods: This study has a qualitative design. Participants were recruited from the Swedish Quality Register Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis (BOA). To reach a variety of experiences and strengthen credibility, a strategic sampling strategy based on age, sex and hip and knee OA was used. Semi-structured telephone interviews were held with 20 persons with hip and/or knee OA. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis and inductive category development was applied.Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories: Individual differences in how sexual health is affected by hip and knee OA; and Varying needs for communication about sexual health. Each main category comprised two subcategories.Conclusions: Painful hip and knee OA limits sexual health and individuals make adjustments or develop strategies to maintain sexual life. Sexual health is not talked about during consultations with physiotherapists or other health care professionals, indicating that patients with OA may have unmet needs regarding their sexual health. Further research is needed on how to provide support and information about sexual health in OA.
WITHDRAWN: Workspace Analysis and Optimal Design of 3-PRR Planar Parallel Manipulators
Authors: M.R. Shivakumar , Srikri R. , Sr R. , Sailesh Sree , Reddy Manoj Kumar , Tejaprakash Kakarla , Dash Anjan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the optimum design of parallel manipulators, workspace of the manipulator is of greater importance. The shape and area of the workspace are the main parameters under this. In this paper, a new geometrical approach is presented to determine the shape and size of the constant orientation workspace for the 3-PRR planar parallel manipulators. All possibilities of shapes of workspaces are determined with variation of different parameters. For each shape of workspace corresponding geometrical conditions are also put forth. Closed from area expression of workspace is derived by geometrical approach for each shape. Such closed form expression of area is not possible with non-dimensional approach. This becomes extremely useful during optimal design procedure. A look-up table is also presented seeing which the designer can choose geometrical conditions between different parameters which will ensure a void free workspace. A case study is presented wherein a user gives his required workspace area and an algorithm is presented which gives all possible combinations of geometrical parameters satisfying the workspace area requirement. Then based on various considerations including singularity analysis an optimal parallel manipulator is offered for the task which does not have any void within the workspace having least/nil singularities.
Glycemic Index of three Oral Nutritional Supplements in healthy adults: a single-blind crossover study
Authors: Liu Haili , Li Yanjie , Hao Jingyu , Leng Houxi , Ge Sheng , Zhao Zifu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the glycemic index (GI) and insulin index (II) of three oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in healthy adults. Methods: A single-blind crossover study was conducted in 12 healthy adults. Fasted subjects consumed one of three treatments at each visit, with a one week wash out period between visits. Every subject received all treatments. Treatments included two newly developed ONS (powder A, powder B) as well as a positive control Nutren ® Diabetes (powder C). Blood glucose and insulin levels at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 mins were measured after the volunteers consumed one of the treatments which all of containing 50g carbohydrates per serving. The Wolever method was used to compute the area under the curve (AUC) for blood glucose and insulin, and GI and II of three powders were obtained. Results: Using the GI and II of 50g glucose powder as reference standard, the GI of nutrition powders A, B and C are 44, 54, 29, respectively, and the II of nutrition powders A, B and C are 163, 182, 119, respectively. Conclusions: Among the two newly developed ONS formulas, powder A is more suitable as an ONS for diabetics.Trial registration: This trial was registered on www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR2000031287 on 03/26/2020.
Misuse, perceived risk, and safety issues of household insecticides: qualitative findings from focus groups in Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Larson Anika , Paz-Soldan Valerie , Arevalo Claudia , Brown Joanna , Condori-Pino Carlos , Levy Michael , Neyra Ricardo Castillo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The current body of research on insecticide use in Peru deals primarily with application of insecticides offered through Ministry of Health-led campaigns against vector-borne disease. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the individual use, choice and perceptions of insecticides which may influence uptake of public health-based insecticide initiatives and contribute to the thousands of deaths annually from acute pesticide poisoning in Peru.Methods Residents (n = 49) of the Alto Selva Alegre and CC districts of peri-urban Arequipa participated in seven focus group discussions (FGD). Using a FGD guide, two facilitators led the discussion and conducted an activity in which participants advertised insecticides (physically available during the FGD) to elicit perceptions of currently available insecticides. Focus group content was transcribed, and qualitative data were analyzed with Atlas.ti and coded using an inductive process to generate major themes related to use and choice of insecticides, and perceived risks associated with insecticide use.Results There was not consensus on a preferred form, strength, or brand of insecticides; valued characteristics such as strength and effectiveness were often associated with negative characteristics such as odor and health impacts. The perceived risks associated with insecticides included both short- and long-term health impacts, and safety for children emerged as a priority. However, some participants reported applying insecticides directly to children and their beds. Some participants attempted to reduce the risk of insecticide use with informal, and likely ineffective, personal protective equipment and by timing application when household members were away. “Agropecuarios” (agricultural supply stores) were considered a trusted source of information about insecticides and their health risks.Conclusions It is crucial to characterize misuse and perceptions of health impacts and risks of insecticides at the local level, as well as to find common themes and patterns across populations to inform national and regional programs to prevent acute insecticide poisoning and increase community participation in insecticide-based vector control campaigns. We detected risky practices and beliefs about personal protective equipment, risk indicators, and safety levels that could inform such preventive campaigns, as well as trusted information sources such as agricultural stores for partnerships in disseminating information.
Continuous monitoring of plant sodium transport dynamics using clinical PET
Authors: Ruwanpathirana Gihan P. , Plett Darren , Williams Robert C. , Davey Catherine E. , Johnston Leigh A. , Kronzucker Herbert J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe absorption, translocation, accumulation and excretion of substances are fundamental processes in all organisms including plants, and have been successfully studied using radiotracers labelled with and since 1939. Sodium is one of the most damaging ions to the growth and productivity of crops. Due to the significance of understanding sodium transport in plants, a significant number of studies have been carried out to examine sodium influx, compartmentation, and efflux using - or 24Na-labeled salts. Notably, however, most of these studies employed destructive methods, which has limited our understanding of sodium flux and distribution characteristics in real time, in live plants.Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used successfully in medical research and diagnosis for decades. Due to its ability to visualise and assess physiological and metabolic function, PET imaging has also begun to be employed in plant research. Here, we report the use of a clinical PET scanner with a tracer to examine -influx dynamics in barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. spp. vulgare – cultivar Bass) under variable nutrient levels, alterations in the day/night light cycle, and the presence of sodium channel inhibitors.Results3D dynamic PET images of whole plants show readily visible translocation from roots to shoots in each examined plant, with rates influenced by both nutrient status and channel inhibition. PET images show that plants cultivated in low-nutrient media transport more than plants cultivated in high-nutrient media, and that uptake is suppressed in the presence of a cation-channel inhibitor. A distinct diurnal pattern of influx was discernible in curves displaying rates of change of relative radioactivity. Plants were found to absorb significantly more during the light period, and anticipate the change in the light/dark cycle by adjusting the sodium influx rate downward in the dark period, an effect not previously described experimentally.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the utility of clinical PET/CT scanners for real-time monitoring of the temporal dynamics of sodium transport in plants. The effects of nutrient deprivation and of ion channel inhibition on sodium influx into barley plants are shown in two proof-of-concept experiments, along with the first-ever 3D-imaging of the light and dark sodium uptake cycles in plants. This method carries significant potential for plant biology research and, in particular, in the context of genetic and treatment effects on sodium acquisition and toxicity in plants.*The authors contributed equally
Mu Transposition in the Absence of the Target-capture Protein MuB Reveals New Roles of MuB in Target Immunity and Target Selection, and Redraws the Boundaries of the Insular Ter Region of E. coli
Authors: Walker David M , Harshey Rasika 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The target capture protein MuB is responsible for the high efficiency of phage Mu transposition within the E. coli genome. However, some targets are off-limits, such as regions immediately outside the Mu ends (cis-immunity) as well as the entire ~37 kb genome of Mu (Mu genome immunity). Paradoxically, MuB is responsible for cis-immunity and is also implicated in Mu genome immunity, but via different mechanisms. This study was undertaken to dissect the role of MuB in target choice in vivo.Results We tracked Mu transposition from six different starting locations on the E. coli genome, in the presence and absence of MuB. The data reveal that Mu’s ability to sample the entire genome during a single hop in a clonal population is independent of MuB, and that MuB is responsible for cis-immunity, plays a lesser role in Mu genome immunity, and facilitates insertions into transcriptionally active regions. Unexpectedly, transposition patterns in the absence of MuB have helped extend the boundaries of the insular Ter segment of the E. coli genome.Conclusions The results in this study demonstrate unambiguously the operation of two distinct mechanisms of Mu target immunity, only one of which is wholly dependent on MuB. The study also reveals several interesting and hitherto unknown aspects of Mu target choice in vivo, particularly the role of MuB is facilitating the capture of promoter and translation start site targets, likely by displacing macromolecular complexes engaged in gene expression.
Early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tang Weiming , Wang Yehua , Huang Wenting , Wu Dan , Yang Fan , Xu Yongshi , Ong Jason J. , Fu Hongyun , Yang Bin , Wang Cheng , Ma Wei , Wei Chongyi , Tucker Joseph D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Early sexual debut and non-consensual sex have been linked to higher sexual risk and STI infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries. This study aimed to examine early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese MSM and to evaluate factors associated with early sexual debut and non-consensual sex.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among Chinese men born biologically male, ≥ 18 years old, and who had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. Participants answered questions regarding socio-demographics, condomless sex, age at anal sexual debut with a man, and whether the first anal sex was consensual sex. Factors associated with an early sexual debut (< 18 years old) and non-consensual sex at sexual debut were evaluated.
Results
Overall, 2031 eligible men completed the survey. The mean age of sexual debut was 20.7 (SD = 4.3) years old. 17.6% (358/2031) of men reported early sexual debut, and 5.0% (101/2031) reported a non-consensual sexual debut. Early sexual debut was associated with having more male sexual partners (adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15) and condomless anal sex in last three months (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.34–2.18) in last three months. MSM whose sexual debut was non-consensual were more likely to have condomless anal sex (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.17–2.66), and to have reported an early sexual debut (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI 1.75–4.21).
Conclusions
Many Chinese MSM reported early sexual debut and non-consensual sex, both of which are associated with sexual risk behaviors and drive STI transmission. These findings highlight the need for improving sexual health education among young people.