bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term follow‐up of a randomized controlled trial of a text‐message diabetes self‐management support programme, SMS4BG
Authors: Dobson R. , Whittaker R. , Jiang Y. , McNamara C. , Shepherd M. , Maddison R. , Cutfield R. , Khanolkar M. , Murphy R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo determine the long‐term effectiveness of an individually tailored text‐message diabetes self‐management support programme, SMS4BG, on glycaemic control at 2 years in adults with diabetes with an HbA1c concentration > 64 mmol/mol (8%).MethodsWe conducted a 2‐year follow‐up of a two‐arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial across health services in New Zealand. Participants were English‐speaking adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes and with an HbA1c >64 mmol/mol (8%). In the main trial participants randomized to the intervention group (N=183) received up to 9 months of an automated tailored text‐message programme in addition to usual care. Participants in the control group (N=183) received usual care for 9 months. In this follow‐up study, 293 (80%) of 366 randomized participants in the main trial were included. The primary outcome measure was change in glycaemic control (HbA1c) from baseline to 2 years. Mixed‐effect models were used to compare the group differences at 3, 6, 9 and 24 months, adjusted for baseline HbA1c and stratification factors (health district category, diabetes type and ethnicity).ResultsThe decrease in HbA1c at 2 years was significantly greater in the intervention group [mean (sd) –10 (18) mmol/mol or –0.9 (1.6)%] compared with the control group [mean (sd) –1 (20) mmol/mol or –0.1 (1.8)%], with an adjusted mean difference of –9 mmol/mol (95% CI –14, –5) or –0.8% (95% CI –1.2, –0.4; P<0.0001).ConclusionsImprovements in glycaemic control resulting from a text‐message diabetes self‐management support programme were sustained at 2 years after randomization. These findings support the implementation of SMS4BG in current practice.
Students’ Perceptions of Learning in an Online Multiround Business Simulation Game: What Can We Learn from Them?
Authors: Brazhkin Vitaly , Zimmerman Honey 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTMultiround business simulation games have been gaining popularity in higher education. However, certain aspects of experiential learning of individual students in the game remain unaddressed in research literature. Team assessments, such as team papers, appear a common, “natural” choice given the team‐based nature of the games but may potentially mask individual learning outcomes. In this study we use a qualitative method to glean from individual students’ papers a deeper understanding of the process of learning of individual students in a team‐based, multiround business simulation game. Our findings indicate that individual and timely assessments are necessary to identify cases of not meeting the expected individual learning outcomes for the instructor's corrective intervention. This study contributes to the understanding of the process and outcomes of student learning in a multiround business simulation game, methods of teaching a supply chain and operations class with a simulation, and methods for better aligning course goals and assessments.
A Learning Curve‐Based Assembly Game
Authors: Robbins Thomas R. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThis article describes a game used in an MBA‐level operations management course to help students understand the concept of the learning curve. Student teams participate in an interactive, hands‐on Lego assembly exercise, measuring their times through repeated trials after which they calculate their team's learning curve rate. The exercise is oriented to illustrate the mechanisms by which learning occurs both individually and organizationally. After students complete their work in groups, the data is aggregated across the class and analyzed to further illustrate key principles of the learning curve. A modified version of the game based on cup‐stacking has been developed for online students.
Effects of Using Thinking Routines on the Academic Results of Business Students at a Chilean Tertiary Education Institution
Authors: Sepulveda Larraguibel Yerko , Venegas‐Muggli Juan I. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe present study investigates the effects of using thinking routines to promote interactive learning environments on the academic results of tertiary education students enrolled in the Cost and Budgeting course at a Chilean higher education institution during 2016. Using the quasi‐experimental methodologies Propensity Score Matching and Differences in Differences, student grade averages and exam grade averages were compared using information from both the year this initiative was implemented (2016) and the previous year (2015) to control for preexisting differences between the comparison groups. The results show that students taught using thinking routines obtain better academic results than their counterparts taught using traditional methods.
Newsvendor Game: A Behavioral Exercise in Decision Making under Risk
Authors: Surti Chirag , Celani Anthony 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe newsvendor problem is a classic problem of decision making under risk that is taught in traditional Operations and Supply Chain Management classes as a single‐period inventory problem. We discuss the following three pedagogical points of interest to any instructor tasked with teaching this topic: a) why the newsvendor model is relevant in this day and age; b) how to make better sense of the newsvendor problem for students; and c) how to easily implement and administer an active learning exercise in either a traditional classroom, or an online setting. This active learning exercise is a quick, effective, and meaningful way of demonstrating a variety of concepts related to the newsvendor problem that include: a) the rational economic method of calculating optimal order quantity, b) the inherent risk in forecasting and ordering decisions as they relate to surpluses and shortages; and c) the cognitive limitations in decision making that often result in irrational but predictable decision‐making behavior as demonstrated by empirical research on newsvendor behavior. This exercise can help instructors and students transition into broader discussions on human behavior, cognitive limitations, and perceptions of risk. Overall, it should provide the student with an improved understanding of the operational and behavioral issues associated with decision making under risk.
Physiological development of the equine fetus during late gestation
Authors: Fowden A. L. , Giussani D. A. , Forhead A. J. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn many species, the pattern of growth and physiological development in utero has an important role in determining not only neonatal viability but also adult phenotype and disease susceptibility. Changes in fetal development induced by a range of environmental factors including maternal nutrition, disease, placental insufficiency and social stresses have all been shown to induce adult cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction that often lead to ill health in later life. Compared to other precocious animals, much less is known about the physiological development of the fetal horse or the longer‐term impacts on its phenotype of altered development in early life because of its inaccessibility in utero, large size and long lifespan. This review summaries the available data on the normal metabolic, cardiovascular and endocrine development of the fetal horse during the second half of gestation. It also examines the responsiveness of these physiological systems to stresses such as hypoglycaemia and hypotension during late gestation. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of the equine placenta and fetal endocrine glands in mediating the changes in fetal development seen towards term and in response to nutritional and other environmental cues. The final part of the review presents the evidence that the early life environment of the horse can alter its subsequent metabolic, cardiovascular and endocrine phenotype as well as its postnatal growth and bone development. It also highlights the immediate neonatal environment as a key window of susceptibility for programming of equine phenotype. Although further studies are needed to identify the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, developmental programming of physiological phenotype is likely to have important implications for the health and potential athletic performance of horses, particularly if born with abnormal bodyweight, premature or dysmature characteristics or produced by assisted reproductive technologies, indicative of an altered early life environment.
Did SFAS 166/167 decrease the information asymmetry of securitizing banks?
Authors: Oz Seda 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBeginning in 2010, mandated Financial Accounting Standards No. 166 and 167 (SFAS 166/167) changed the consolidation rules of securitization entities and required more information about their securitization activities. I find that securitizing banks experienced a decrease in information asymmetry from the pre‐ to the post‐SFAS 166/167 periods, and that more visible securitizing banks are less sensitive to SFAS 166/167. These inferences are robust to a number of sensitivity analyses. This study is one of the first to provide evidence of the effects of SFAS 166/167 on the information asymmetry of securitizing banks.
Evolution of vestibular disorders in older adults: From young‐old to middle‐old to oldest‐old
Authors: Jeng Yu‐Jr , Young Yi‐Ho 
Published: November 2019

AimThis study investigated the evolution of vestibular disorders in dizzy older adults from young‐old to middle‐old to oldest‐old individuals, which has been less examined in detail so far.MethodsA total of 3714 older patients with vertigo/dizziness in a university hospital were retrospectively reviewed and divided into three groups; namely, the young‐old group aged 65–74 years (n = 2307), the middle‐old group aged 75–84 years (n = 1176) and the oldest‐old group aged ≥85 years (n = 231). All patients underwent an inner ear test battery comprising audiometry, caloric test, cervical and ocular vestibular‐evoked myogenic potential tests, and foam posturography.ResultsThe ratios between peripheral and central vestibular disorders ranged from the young‐old (60:40%) and middle‐old (36:64%) to the oldest‐old (25:75%) groups. These results show a decreasing sequence in the prevalence of peripheral vestibular disorders (i.e. benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or Meniereʼs disease), and an increasing sequence in that of central vestibular disorders (i.e. vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency) from young‐old to middle‐old to oldest‐old patients. Furthermore, the mean Romberg quotients (value from eyes closed divided by that from eyes open) of the sway area on the foam pad were 1.99 ± 0.93, 2.10 ± 1.06 and 2.62 ± 1.78 in the young‐old, middle‐old and oldest‐old groups, respectively, showing a significant difference among them.ConclusionsOlder patients with central vestibular disorders might be more prone to imbalance and falls than those with peripheral vestibular disorders, partly because patients in the latter group retain other reflex systems; that is, the visuomotor reflex to stabilize the gaze and maintain balance. Hence, adequate vision is important in maintaining balance for older adults with vertigo/dizziness. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 42–46.
Human ATG2B possesses a lipid transfer activity which is accelerated by negatively charged lipids and WIPI4
Authors: Osawa Takuo , Ishii Yuki , Noda Nobuo N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAtg2 is one of the essential factors for autophagy. Recent advance of structural and biochemical study on yeast Atg2 proposed that Atg2 tethers the edge of the isolation membrane (IM) to the endoplasmic reticulum and mediates direct lipid transfer (LT) from ER to IM for IM expansion. In mammals, two Atg2 orthologs, ATG2A and ATG2B, participate in autophagic process. Here we showed that human ATG2B possesses the membrane tethering (MT) and LT activity that was promoted by negatively charged membranes and an Atg18 ortholog WIPI4. By contrast, negatively charged membranes reduced the yeast Atg2 activities in the absence of Atg18. These results suggest that the MT/LT activity of Atg2 is evolutionally conserved although their regulation differs among species.
Favorable radiological antitumor response at 2 weeks after starting lenvatinib for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kuzuya Teiji , Ishigami Masatoshi , Ito Takanori , Ishizu Yoji , Honda Takashi , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: November 2019

AimWe aimed to investigate the radiological antitumor response at 2 weeks after starting lenvatinib for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in real‐world practice.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 40 patients who received lenvatinib. Radiological antitumor response was evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.ResultsThe objective response rate at 2 weeks and best overall response on confirmation of complete response, partial response (PR), and stable disease required (confirmed response) were 57.5% and 32.5%, respectively. Based on confirmed response, the overall survival rate was significantly longer in patients with an objective response rate than in those with stable disease or progressive disease after 12 months (73.2% and 54.2%, P = 0.0358). All 13 patients with an objective response rate on confirmed response were evaluated as PR at 2 weeks. The alpha‐fetoprotein ratio at 2 weeks was a significant factor associated with PR of response rate at 2 weeks. The median relative dose intensity from 2 to 6 weeks was significantly lower than that from 0 to 2 weeks (69.6% vs. 100%, P < 0.0001). Stratified by the antitumor response at 6 weeks considering the image evaluation at 2 weeks, the median relative dose intensity from 2 to 6 weeks was significantly lower in patients with progressive disease than in those with PR or stable disease (45.2% vs. 72.6%, P = 0.0482).ConclusionsThe radiological antitumor response at 2 weeks was favorable. Information on a favorable visible therapeutic response very early after lenvatinib initiation can help patients maintain their motivation for treatment, and allow physicians to continue treatment effectively and safely.
Suitability of different tooth replicas for endodontic training: perceptions and detection of common errors in the performance of postgraduate students
Authors: Gancedo‐Caravia L. , Bascones J. , García‐Barbero E. , Arias A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo compare the perceptions of students when using five different tooth replicas and to detect common errors in the performance of students that might be attributed to a specific type of tooth replica.MethodologyFive groups (n = 10 each) of artificial first maxillary molars (DEPT, DRSK, Nissin, DENTALIKE and TrueTooth) were used. All 50 teeth were mounted individually in opaque containers, distributed in 10 packages containing a sample from each with an assigned random order for students to perform root canal treatments. Ten postgraduate students each performed a root canal treatment on the five replicas, in the assigned order, and completed a satisfaction questionnaire. Three trained and calibrated endodontic educators, each with more than 15 years of experience, evaluated their performance using a grading rubric and completed a questionnaire to detect common errors attributed to a specific tooth replica. Inter‐rater reliability was calculated with the interclass correlation coefficient for both consistency and absolute agreement. A two‐way related measures anova was used to assess the interaction amongst evaluators and tooth groups on the average scores of students. Post hoc T3 Dunnet was used to compare groups. The perceptions of students amongst groups were compared with chi‐square and linear‐by‐linear association tests.ResultsInter‐rater reliability was very high for both consistency (ICCC = 0.939; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.902–0.964) and absolute agreement (ICCA = 0.940; 95% CI 0.904–0.965). No significant differences were found amongst the ratings of evaluators; however, students performed differently when using the various tooth replicas (P < 0.05). Overall, 60% of students preferred the DRSK replica for root canal treatment training purposes, followed by DENTALIKE (30%). The least preferred was TrueTooth (70% responses) due to its complex anatomy and poor resistance to instruments and heat pluggers. Evaluators detected several common errors in specific tooth replicas and preferred tooth replicas manufactured based on microCT scans of natural teeth.ConclusionsTooth replicas manufactured based on microCT scans of natural teeth (TrueTooth and DENTALIKE) had much better acceptance amongst evaluators, although students rated and performed less well in TrueTooth replicas due to their greater level of difficulty.
Partial safety factors for laminated glass
Authors: Bonati Antonio , Pisano Gabriele , Royer Carfagni Gianni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGlass plies can be bonded together by polymeric interlayers to form laminated glass. Thanks to the capacity in finding alternative stress paths after partial breakage, it is commonly accepted that the more the layers are, the higher the safety level is. However, a negative aspect is that the tensile strength of glass carries a size effect in terms of surface area, which increases with lamination. Here we evaluate these competing factors by calibrating the partial safety factors to be used in semi‐probabilistic (level‐I) design, through comparison with probabilistic (level‐III) methods in paradigmatic case‐studies under wind, snow, and dead weight. Starting from a two‐parameter Weibull distribution for glass strength, the “failure modes” approach determines the statistical distribution of strength for a multi‐laminate as a function of the number of plies, which interferes with the statistics for actions. As a function of the target probability of failure for the assigned class of consequence, we introduce a new coefficient in the verification formula of level‐I, to account for the effects of lamination with dependence upon the number of plies. We find that there is strong gain when passing from a monolith to a two‐ply laminate, but the advantage fades by increasing the number of layers. Verification formulas of this type could avoid overconservative design.
The effect of trade secrets protection on disclosure of forward‐looking financial information
Authors: Li Yan , Li Yutao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing the recognition of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) by US state courts as an exogenous shock to the risk of losing trade secrets, this study examines the effects of trade secrets on disclosure of forward‐looking financial information. We find that management earnings forecast frequency and forecast horizon increases after the US state where a firm is headquartered starts to recognize IDD. We also find that the effect of IDD recognition on management forecasts is more pronounced for firms that have larger market shares, higher product market competition, more intensive R&D, shorter distance to their industry rivals, and more employees who possess knowledge of the firms’ trade secrets.
Comparative genetic stock structure in three species of commercially exploited Indo‐Malay Carangidae (Teleosteii, Perciformes)
Authors: Mat Jaafar Tun N.A. , Taylor Martin I. , Mohd Nor Siti A. , Bruyn Mark de , Carvalho Gary R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examine genetic structuring in three commercially important species of the teleost family Carangidae from Malaysian waters: yellowtail scad Atule mate, bigeye scad Selar crumenophthalmus and yellowstripe scad Selaroides leptolepis, from the Indo‐Malay Archipelago. In view of their distribution across contrasting habitats, we tested the hypothesis that pelagic species display less genetic divergence compared with demersal species, due to their potential to undertake long‐distance migrations in oceanic waters. To evaluate population genetic structure, we sequenced two mitochondrial (mt)DNA [650 bp of cytochrome oxidase I (coI), 450 bp of control region (CR)] and one nuclear gene (910 bp of rag1) in each species. One hundred and eighty samples from four geographical regions within the Indo‐Malay Archipelago including a population of yellowtail from Kuwait were examined. Findings revealed that the extent of genetic structuring among populations in the semi‐pelagic and pelagic, yellowtail and bigeye were lower than demersal yellowstripe, consistent with the hypothesis that pelagic species display less genetic divergence compared with demersal species. The yellowtail phylogeny identified three distinct clades with bootstrap values of 86%–99% in mtDNA and 63%–67% in rag1. However, in bigeye, three clades were also observed from mtDNA data while only one clade was identified in rag1 dataset. In yellowstripe, the mtDNA tree was split into three closely related clades and two clades in rag1 tree with bootstraps value of 73%–99% and 56% respectively. However, no geographic structure appears in both mtDNA and rag1 datasets. Hierarchical molecular variance analysis (AMOVA), pair wise FST comparisons and the nearest‐neighbour statistic (Snn) showed significant genetic differences among Kuwait and Indo‐Malay yellowtail. Within the Indo‐Malay Archipelago itself, two distinct mitochondrial lineages were detected in yellowtail suggesting potential cryptic species. Findings suggests varying degrees of genetic structuring, key information relevant to management of exploited stocks, though more rapidly evolving genetic markers should be used in future to better delimit the nature and dynamics of putative stock boundaries.
Development of capacitance based nondestructive ripening indices measurement system for sapota (Manilkara zapota)
Authors: Raja Vijayakumar , Shanmugasundaram Saravanan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe study aimed to develop a nondestructive sensing system to determine the ripening indices of sapota fruit, based on the principle of dielectric capacitance measurement. The unripened sapota fruit contains starch, which gets converted to simple sugars during ripening. This conversion increases the electrical energy storability (i.e., electrical capacitance) of the fruit. A capacitance measurement system was developed, which consists of two standard copper‐coated printed circuit board (PCB) electrodes and a microprocessor. The capacitance of fruit was determined at 9 V D.C. input voltage. Physicochemical properties such as total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity, firmness during ripening were studied for the fruits stored at ambient condition (30 ± 2°C). The changes in physicochemical properties and their correlation with capacitance were studied during ripening. The capacitance of the fruit increases with the increase in total soluble solids content of the fruit. With the correlation observed (R2 = .9727), an algorithm has been developed for sensing the ripening stages (mature green, semi‐ripe, and ripe) of the fruit. The system shows an accuracy of 90.74% in determining the stages of fruit ripening.Practical ApplicationsThe developed system helps in nondestructively determining the ripening stages (mature green, semi‐ripe, ripe) of sapota at low cost. The detection process is less time‐consuming. Also, the fruit does not undergo any tissue damage since the fruit is not applied with any force in the capacitance measurement process.