bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El TEDH y la delimitación del secreto de las comunicaciones: un caso de recepción revisable
Authors: Ocón Juan 
Published: December 2020

Convenio de Roma y Constitución española garantizan la inmunidad de espacios comunes de disfrute de derechos. Sin embargo, esta protección se lleva a cabo a través de normas de objeto disímil: tal es el caso, entre otros, de los arts. 8 CEDH y 18 CE.
La disparidad de objetos protegidos condiciona al Tribunal Constitucional quien, por mandato constitucional (10.2 CE), debe interpretar los derechos fundamentales de conformidad con instrumentos internacionales, entre los que indiscutidamente se encuentra el CEDH.
Se analiza la doctrina del TEDH y su integración por el TC en la delimitación del derecho fundamental al secreto de las comunicaciones.
Se sugiere una revisión de la recepción practicada para la interpretación del art. 18.3 CE en dos aspectos: la protección de las comunicaciones finalizadas y de las conversaciones directas.
The Rome Convention and the Spanish Constitution declare rights that seek to guarantee the immunity of common spaces for the enjoyment of rights. However, this protection is carried out through norms whose objects are not homogeneous: such is the case, among others, of arts. 8 ECHR and 18 CE.
This difference of protected objects conditions the Constitutional Court that, by constitutional mandate (10.2 CE), must interpret fundamental rights in accordance with international instruments, among which is undoubtedly the ECHR.
This paper analyzes the doctrine of the ECtHR and the way of integration practiced by the TC in the delimitation of the fundamental right to the secrecy of communications.
In this sense, it is suggested that the reception of the doctrine of the ECtHR for the interpretation of art. 18.3 CE should perhaps undergo review in two aspects: the protection of completed communications and direct conversations
La prohibición de discriminación del artículo 14 del CEDH: ¿mera declaración de principios o norma imperativa?
Authors: Al Hasani Maturano Amir 
Published: December 2020

La prohibición de discriminación del art.14 del CEDH, junto al Protocolo adicional nº12, reconoce el goce del conjunto de los derechos y libertades reconocidos en el Convenio referido, asegurando su aplicabilidad sin distinción alguna.
En la mayoría de Sentencias del TEDH, en lo que respecta a una valoración interpretativa del artículo 14, ha sido puesto en conjunción con otros derechos del Convenio. Asimismo, el artículo que analizamos ha sido manejado, en pocas ocasiones, de manera individual. Por ello, surgen dudas sobre su posible aplicabilidad. De este modo, el propósito es ofrecer una mayor precisión en la valoración de la construcción jurídico-normativa del art.14 del CEDH -tras la doctrina emanada del TEDH-.
The prohibition of discrimination in Article 14 of the ECHR, together with Additional Protocol No.12, recognizes the enjoyment of all the rights and freedoms recognized in the aforementioned Convention, ensuring their applicability without distinction.
In most of the ECHR Judgments, as regards an interpretative assessment of Article 14, it has been put in conjunction with other rights of the Convention. Likewise, the article that we analyze has been handled, on a few occasions, individually. Therefore, doubts arise about its possible applicability. In this way, the purpose is to offer greater precision in the assessment of the legal-normative construction of article 14 of the ECHR -after the doctrine emanating from the ECHR-.
medioambiente en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: la imparcialidad generacional en la perspectiva del constitucionalismo multinivel
Authors: Palombino Giacomo 
Published: December 2020

Aunque el concepto de “responsabilidad de las generaciones presentes frente a las futuras” tenga su origen en el pensamiento filosófico, su dimensión jurídica es igualmente relevante, concretamente con referencia a la potencial existencia de los “derechos de mañana”. El principio de imparcialidad generacional es afirmado en varias Constituciones y Tratados internacionales, y muchos Tribunales nacionales e internacionales se refieren al mismo en su jurisprudencia. Sin embargo, no hay ninguna mención explícita al concepto de “futuro” en el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos. A partir de esta base, el artículo quiere mostrar cómo el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, tras su actividad interpretativa, ha construido – y está construyendo – una serie de mecanismos para proteger a las generaciones futuras. Y esto se apreciará, en particular, en relación con el derecho humano a un medioambiente sano, otro derecho no afirmado por el Convenio, que ha ido configurándose en base al derecho al respeto de la vida privada previsto por el artículo 8. En conclusión, una vez recorrido el proceso de formación de esta jurisprudencia, se intentará demostrar la relevancia del Ordenamiento constitucional multinivel en este ámbito de investigación.
Even though the concept of ‘responsibility of present generations towards future ones’ has its roots in philosophical thinking, its legal dimension is equally relevant and especially refers to the potential existence of ‘tomorrow’s rights’. More in detail, the principle of intergenerational equity is provided for in several constitutions and international treaties, and many national and international courts all over the world make reference to it in their case law. Quite the opposite, there is no explicit mention to the concept of “future” in the European Convention on Human Rights. Moving from these assumptions, this paper’s aim is to show how the European Court of Human Rights, by means of interpretation, has built – and is building – a series of “shields” in order to protect future generations. This is particularly true as far as the human right to a healthy environment is concerned, i.e. another right which is not mentioned in the Convention, but may inferred by the right to private life under its Art. 8 of the same Convention. In conclusion, after having inquired into that case law, an attempt will be made to prove how relevant the multilevel constitutional system is to this research field.
La Sexualité, le Genre et l’Autre, dans les romans de Michel Houellebecq
Authors: Najjar Zeina 
Published: December 2020

Dans cet article nous essayons d’analyser comment Houellebecq racialise les référents de certains concepts tels que : « race », « culture », « espèce », « ethnicité ». Dans ses romans, il décrit l’organisation sociale de la communauté humaine, comme un lieu de tension où se fondent les structures sociales de la société de consommation contemporaine. Il peint le paysage de l’imaginaire social de la sexualité et du genre qui est à l’origine de pratiques, mentalités, tendances, fantaisies et imagination, lesquelles nous invitent à déchiffrer un positionnement idéologique qui d’abord, présente en termes d’intempérance, la vie sexuelle dans la société, et ensuite, installe des aspects variés de la discrimination : occidental/ non-occidental, male / femelle.
Determinants of Adoption of Improved Cassava Technologies among Farmers in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Onyemma Juliet Ogadinma , Onyemauwa Nnaemeka Charles , Chioma Uwandu Queen , Nwafor Solomon Chimela 
Published: December 2020

Aims: The study assessed the determinants of adoption of improved cassava technologies among farmers in Benue state, Nigeria
Study Design: Survey design was used for the study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Benue State, between February 2019 to November 2020.
Methodology: the study comprised all farm families in Benue State. Cluster and simple random sampling techniques were used in the selection of 336 respondents for the study.
Results: The result clearly showed that most of the respondents were in their active and productive age group, both male and female were involved in the production of cassava with the number of male slightly higher than female and that 90% of the farmers have had one form of formal education or another with mean farming experience of 14 years with limited access to extension services. There is high awareness of improved cassava technologies among farmers in Benue state but with moderate to low adoption of improved cassava technologies. The major factors that determined the adoption level in the area included characteristics of an innovation which are availability of inputs 100%, affordability 100%, storability 80.3%, quality of the processed products 81%, and acceptability of the products 95% (349). Others include farming experience 98%, adequate knowledge of the technology 83% (303), extension contact 86%, age 86%, income 85%, marital status 76% and gender 81%.
Conclusion: The major factors that determine the adoption level in the area included characteristics of an innovation which are availability of inputs, affordability, quality of the processed products and acceptability of the products. Others include farming experience, adequate knowledge of the technology, extension contact. It was recommended that extension agents should ensure that improved cassava technologies are accessible by farmers and that farmers acquire the necessary knowledge and skills in using such technologies.
Interaction Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Curd Yield and Seed Production of Cauliflower
Authors: Sony Sonia Rashid , Islam Farzana , Akter Mahmoda , Rahman Md. Saidur , Rahman Md. Mofizur 
Published: December 2020

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on curd yield and seed production of cauliflower.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out at a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, from September 2016 to March 2017.
Methodology: The experiment consisted of two factors comprising three levels of nitrogen (270, 220,170 kg ha-1) and three levels of phosphorus (160,130,100 kg ha-1) with control of each nutrient. There were 10 treatment combinations resulting in 30 unit plots where each plot had two rows of 6 plants. Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer were applied as per treatment in the form of Urea and TSP as a top dressing in two equal splits at the time of transplanting and 15 days after transplanting.
Results: All the characters related to growth and yield of cauliflower showed significant variation by nitrogen and phosphorus levels at different days after transplanting. Among the different treatment combinations, N270P160 produced maximum plant height (50 cm), leaf area (700 cm2), plant weight (1003 g), curd diameter (18.3 cm), marketable curd weight (601 g) and marketable curd yield (18.5 t) at harvesting compared to control where nitrogen and phosphorus were not used. Moreover, the largest number of leaves (21.3) and curd weight (346 g) was observed by treatment combinations N220P160 at harvesting. For seed production, the highest number of siliqua plant -1 (1461), 1000 seed weight (4 g), seed yield plant-1 (41.1 g) seed yield ha-1 (1.5 t) and germination (97.7%)was also found from N270P160while the maximum number of seeds siliqua-1(20.5) was revealed by N220P160 compared to control treatment. Considering a different point of view, treatment combinations N270P160 can be marked more convenient for cauliflower production than others.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the combinations of nitrogen (270 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (160 kg ha-1) would be appropriate for curd yield and seed production of cauliflower.
The innominate tubercle of the femur is a consistent surgical landmark and shows no variation between sex and side: An osteological study
Authors: Ward Michael H , Williams Rhodri L , Bekvalac Jelena , Bajada Stefan , Maheson Marci , Adds Philip J 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionDuring direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty, the innominate tubercle (IT) of the femur is used as a reference point for femoral neck osteotomy. A recent study found that IT dimensions are unaffected by femoral length, neck‐shaft angle, and neck length. This study investigated the position of the tubercle relative to femoral side, sex and femoral neck dimensions.Materials and methodsOne hundred and ninety femora (95 pairs, complete with biographical data) from St. Bride's Church, London, were photographed with the apex of the tubercle marked. Using imaging software, axes were superimposed onto the image, allowing the X and Y co‐ordinates of the tubercle apex to be derived. Statistical analysis was carried out.ResultsThe position of the tubercle did not vary significantly and did not correlate with femoral side (p > .05). P values for variation of the X and Y coordinates were 0.351 and 0.996 in left and right femora, respectively. The tubercle position did not vary significantly with sex (p > .05). p Values for variation of the X and Y coordinates were 0.254 and 0.634 in males and females, respectively. There was little variation between tubercle position and femoral neck dimensions: correlation coefficient −0.20 (x coordinate) and −0.12 (y coordinate).ConclusionsThe data showed that the position of the IT did not vary significantly with either sex or side and that, therefore, the tubercle can be considered a reliable surgical landmark during arthroplasty surgery.
Cellulophaga algicola alginate lyase inhibits biofilm formation of a clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain MCC 2081
Authors: Mahajan Sonal , Ramya Thirumalai Nallan Chakravarthy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlginate lyases are potential agents for disrupting alginate‐rich Pseudomonas biofilms in the infected lungs of cystic fibrosis patients but there is as yet no clinically approved alginate lyase that can be used as a therapeutic. We report here the endolytic alginate lyase activity of a recombinant Cellulophaga algicola alginate lyase domain (CaAly) encoded by a gene that also codes for an N‐terminal carbohydrate‐binding module, CBM6, and a central F‐type lectin domain (CaFLD). CaAly degraded both polyM and polyG alginates with optimal temperature and pH of 37°C and pH 7, respectively, with greater preference for polyG. Recombinant CaFLD bound to fucosylated glycans with a preference for H‐type 2 glycan motif, and did not have any apparent effect on the enzyme activity of the co‐associated alginate lyase domain in the recombinant protein construct, CaFLD_Aly. We assessed the potential of CaAly and other alginate lyases previously reported in published literature to inhibit biofilm formation by a clinical strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCC 2081. Of all the alginate lyases tested, CaAly displayed most inhibition of in vitro biofilm formation on plastic surfaces. We also assessed its inhibitory ability against P. aeruginosa 2081 biofilms formed over a monolayer of A549 lung epithelial cells. Our study indicated that CaAly is efficacious in inhibition of biofilm formation even on A549 lung epithelial cell line monolayers.
Maternal yeast‐based nucleotide supplementation decreased stillbirth by regulating nutrient metabolism
Authors: Gao Lu‐Min , Zhou Tian‐Tian , Chen Zhong‐Pin , Wassie Teketay , Li Biao , Wu Xin , Yin Yu‐Long 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs an enzymatic product of yeast, yeast‐based nucleotide (YN) is rich in nucleotides. To test the effects of maternal dietary supplementation with YN during late pregnancy on placental nutrient transport and nutrient metabolism in neonatal piglets, 64 pregnant sows (day 85 ± 3) were assigned into two groups: (i) control (CON) and (ii) treatment (YN; 4 g kg−1). Blood, placenta and liver samples of neonates during delivery were collected.RESULTSThe results showed that maternal YN supplementation decreased stillbirth rate and intra‐uterine growth restriction rate (P < 0.05). In addition, maternal YN supplementation increased total serum protein, albumin and total cholesterol (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in neonatal piglets in the YN group, both serum amino acidand nucleotide profiles were affected, as well as liver amino acid, and fatty acid profiles were regulated (P < 0.05). Moreover, maternal YN supplementation increased liver mRNA expression of SLC28A3, SLC29A1, SLC29A2, PC, PCK1, FBP1, SREBP1c, HSL and CYP7a1 of neonatal piglets (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was a decrease in placental gene expression of EAAT2, EAAT3, LAT1 and PAT1, as well as lower protein expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)γ, AKT, phosphorylated‐AKT, phosphorylated‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Raptor, in the YN group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONTaken together, these results indicate that maternal YN supplementation regulates placental nutrient transport by regulating the mTOR complex 1‐PPAR pathway, and affects the liver metabolism of nucleotides, amino acids and fatty acids in neonatal piglets, thereby improving the reproductive performance of sow to a certain extent. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Evidenz, Signifikanz und das kleine p
Authors: Passon Oliver , von der Twer Tassilo 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren hat die Forderung nach „Evidenzbasierung“ in den Bildungswissenschaften zu einer vermehrten Anzahl quantitativer empirischer Untersuchungen geführt – etwa Interventionsstudien im Kontrollgruppendesign. Seit vielen Jahrzehnten gibt es jedoch eine Kontroverse darüber, wie so gewonnene Daten statistisch zu deuten seien. Insbesondere unterliegt die Interpretation des sog.$$p$$p-Wertes beim Hypothesentest zahlreichen Missverständnissen. Das führte jüngst zu einer Empfehlung der Amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Statistik, das Etikett „statistisch signifikant“ nicht mehr zu verwenden. Wir diskutieren einige dieser Schwierigkeiten bzw. Missverständnisse und geben Hinweise auf mögliche Lösungsansätze.
Echocardiographic measures and subsequent decline in kidney function in older adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Ishigami Junichi , Mathews Lena , Hishida Manabu , Kitzman Dalane W , Coresh Josef , Solomon Scott D , Shah Amil M , Matsushita Kunihiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Aims
Heart failure increases the risk of kidney disease progression. However, whether cardiac function and structure are associated with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well characterized in a community setting.

Methods and results
Among 4188 participants (mean age 75 years and 22% blacks) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study without prevalent CKD in 2011–13, we examined the association of echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) mass index, ejection fraction, left atrial volume index (LAVi), right ventricular (RV) fractional area change, and peak RV-right atrium (RA) gradient, with the subsequent risk of incident CKD, as defined by &gt;25% decline to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2, hospitalization with CKD diagnosis, or incident end-stage kidney disease. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). The risk of incident CKD was monotonically increased with each of higher LV mass index [adjusted HR 2.61 (1.92–3.55) for highest quartile (Q4) vs. lowest (Q1)], lower ejection fraction [1.54 (1.17–2.04) for Q1 vs. Q4], higher LAVi [2.12 (1.56–2.89) for Q4 vs. Q1], and higher peak RV-RA gradient [2.17 (1.45–3.25) for Q4 vs. Q1] but not with RV function. The associations were consistent between subgroups by sex and race.

Conclusion
Among community-dwelling older individuals, LV mass index, ejection fraction, LAVi, and peak RV-RA gradient were independently associated with the risk of incident CKD. Our results further support that heart disease is associated with the risk of kidney disease progression and suggest the value of echocardiography for assessing cardiac and kidney health in older populations.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of COVID-19 in 250 Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter Cohort Study From India
Authors: Kute Vivek B. , Bhalla Anil K. , Guleria Sandeep , Ray Deepak S. , Bahadur Madan M. , Shingare Ashay , Hegde Umapati , Gang Sishir , Raju Sreebhushan , Patel Himanshu V. , Jain Siddharth , Godara Suraj , Modi Pranjal , Gumber Manoj , Engineer Divyesh P. , Dalal Sonal , Darji Prakash , Balwani Manish , Patel Ansy H. , Mishra Vineet V. 
Published: December 2020

Background.There is a scarcity of data on the consequences of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infections in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) from emerging countries.Methods.Here, we present a cohort study of 13 transplant centers in India including 250 KTR (226 living and 24 deceased donors) with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 positivity from March 23, 2020, until September 15, 2020. We detailed demographics, immunosuppression regimen, clinical profile, treatment, and outcomes.Results.Median age of transplant recipients was 43 years, and recipients presented at a median of 3.5 years after transplant. Most common comorbidities (94%) included arterial hypertension (84%) and diabetes (32%); presenting symptoms at the time of COVID-19 included fever (88%), cough (72%), and sputum production (52%). Clinical severity ranged from asymptomatic (6%), mild (60%), and moderate (20%) to severe (14%). Strategies to modify immunosuppressants included discontinuation of antimetabolites without changes in calcineurin inhibitors and steroids (60%). Risk factors for mortality included older age; dyspnea; severe disease; obesity; allograft dysfunction before COVID-19 infection; acute kidney injury; higher levels of inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 level, and procalcitonin; chest X-ray abnormality, and intensive care unit/ventilator requirements. Overall patient mortality was 11.6% (29 of 250), 14.5% (29 of 200) in hospitalized patients, 47% (25 of 53) in intensive care unit patients, and 96.7% (29 of 30) in patients requiring ventilation. KTRs with mild COVID-19 symptoms (n = 50) were managed as outpatients to optimize the utilization of scarce resources during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions.Mortality rates in COVID-19-positive KTR appear to be higher than those in nonimmunosuppressed patients, and high mortality was noted among those requiring intensive care and those on ventilator.
Evidence of alternative reproduction by drifting workers in the Japanese paper wasp, Polistes rothneyi Cameron, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Nishimura Masakazu , Ono Masato 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntercolony drifting of the Japanese paper wasp, Polistes rothneyi Cameron, was observed using individual color marking of workers. No genetic relatedness was found by using microsatellite markers between drifting workers and the recipient colony. Genetic analysis of brood in the recipient colony revealed reproduction by non‐kin drifting worker(s) in the queenless host colony. The non‐kin broods were raised like broods of the recipient colony until the genetic analysis. This study is the first evidence of male production by non‐kin workers in temperate eusocial wasps. This natural event would compensate for fitness loss as an alternative reproductive strategy evolved under predation and climatic pressures, and is also discussed from the viewpoint of mutual help.