bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of surviving life‐threatening illness: The meaning of recovery
Authors: Gustafsson Lena‐Karin , Rylander Anneli 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecovery from life‐threatening illness may be experienced as more demanding and lasts longer than patients first expect. Many patients experience recovery after life‐threatening illness, as filled with complex problems. These problems are primarily physical and psychological, although also social, and adversely affect daily life as well as perceived quality of life. Patients experience uncertainty about living with the legacy of a life‐threatening illness and how it negatively limits their daily lives and experienced health.AimThe purpose is to illuminate experiences of the meaning of recovery from life‐threatening disease.Ethical approvalApproval for the study was obtained through a Regional Research Ethics Committee.MethodsThis study was conducted as a qualitative narrative study. This means that written stories of human recovery beyond suffering from life‐threatening disease were collected and analysed with a phenomenological hermeneutic method.ResultsThe findings reveal two major areas – intrapersonal meanings and relational meanings. Four themes were found in these areas, each of which was divided into subthemes as follows: obstacles, for example disappointment of life, alienation of self and opportunities/resources: for example balance, own knowledge, hope and gratitude; relational obstacles, for example a lack of care, stigmatisation and economic stress; and relational resources such as informal care and professional care.Study limitationsThe informants were predominantly women that may be explained by the fact that females seem to be more often engaged in social media and willing to participate in these kinds of studies. Another limitation is that we only reached out to Swedish speaking Facebook groups when recruiting our informants.ConclusionsIn the narratives of their recovery process, surprisingly few focused on professional health care as a resource. Experiences from the study may be used to further develop care, especially to support patient self‐care regarding intrapersonal and relational resources that promote patient recovery beyond suffering from life‐threatening disease.
Taking care of dying patients through an ‘interprofessional ecosystem’: a grounded theory study on the experience of an interprofessional team in palliative care
Authors: Taffurelli Chiara , Barello Serena , Cervantes Camacho Vittoria , Bertuol Maria , Savarese Mariarosaria , Artioli Giovanna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe interprofessional approach is part of the philosophy in palliative care, and its benefits are already documented. However, there are no evidence regarding the process through which the interprofessional team faces the process of the patient’s end‐of‐life and how this experience might be of value for the team’s development itself. The aim of this study was to analyse and understand the psychosocial processes that occurs when an interprofessional team accompanies patients and their families to death in palliative care, with the ultimate aim to develop a substantive theory to describe this phenomenon.MethodsA Grounded Theory method, as theorized by Strauss and Corbin, was adopted for this study. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews and then independently analysed using constant comparison analysis. Fourteen healthcare professionals – belonging to different disciplines (doctor, nurse coordinator, nurse, nurse assistant, psychologist) – were interviewed in a Northern Italy palliative care facility.FindingsThe core category of this study was identified to be the process of accompaniment of the dying patient as an interprofessional ecosystem. Moreover, the results showed four main factors determining the development of the core psychosocial process: from professionals’ ‘Hidden Amazement’ to ‘Onerous Happiness’ where ‘Weaving of Professional Resources’ and ‘Work Meaning’ are the underlying conditions to catalyse the process itself.ConclusionInterprofessional care appears an essential value, which becomes the source of the team’s strength when facing end‐of‐life experiences. Health policies and organisations should take the importance of the characteristics of the work environment more carefully. The meaning that professionals attribute to their work and to the team itself, indeed, it may have impact on the overall quality of care and contribute to sustain work engagement, even in stressful situations like end‐of‐life care.
Ethical Learning: The Workplace as a Moral Laboratory for Character Development
Authors: Smith Isaac H. , Kouchaki Maryam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn contrast to the view that businesses corrupt and bring out the worst in people, we propose that people's experiences at work can also lead to profound ethical learning and growth, and that organizations can be designed to help workers strive to become their best moral selves. To this end, we selectively review literature from the fields of organizational behavior, moral psychology, and behavioral ethics to identify five key barriers to ethical learning at work: defensiveness, overconfidence, selfishness, inexperience, and negative social influence. Then, to help leaders establish an organizational environment that helps workers overcome these barriers and promotes ethical learning and character development, we present five guiding principles (i.e., create an ethical culture, develop psychological safety, promote moral humility, foster prosocial motivation, and institutionalize moral reflection) and offer specific recommendations related to each.
Keeping friends in mind: Development of friendship concepts in early childhood
Authors: Afshordi Narges , Liberman Zoe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFriendship is a fundamental part of being human. Understanding which cues indicate friendship and what friendship entails is critical for navigating the social world. We survey research on 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children’s friendship concepts, discussing both classic work from the 1970s and 1980s using interview methods, as well as current work using simpler experimental tasks. We focus on three core features of young children’s friendship concepts: (1) proximity, (2) prosocial interactions, and (3) similarity. For each, we discuss how recent findings extend and expand classic foundations. Importantly, we highlight that children’s knowledge develops earlier and is deeper than initially hypothesized, and how children’s abilities are supported by early social inferences in infancy. We examine the implications of young children’s friendship concepts and note exciting new avenues for future research.
Antimicrobial use quantification in adult dairy cows – Part 1 – Standardized regimens as a method for describing antimicrobial use
Authors: Schrag Nora F. D. , Apley Michael D. , Godden Sandra M. , Lubbers Brian V. , Singer Randall S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study describes a process to acquire and convert farm treatment records into a standardized regimen format. Multiple sources of on‐farm data were utilized to convert the original treatment records to standardized regimens, enabling the generation of objective, granular descriptions of antimicrobial use. These standard regimen descriptions allow antimicrobial use data to be qualitatively stratified by active substance, disease syndrome treated, use category, and route of administration. Quantitative distributions are available for the grams of active substance per administration, the grams of active substance per regimen, the number of administrations, number of days of therapy and the time frame between the first and last administration. Granular quantification by this method informs future research, surveillance and policy.
Dietary assessment methodology and reporting in Pacific Island research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Craven Dana Louise , Vogliano Chris , Horsey Bridget , Underhill Steven , Burkhart Sarah 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This scoping review aims to identify and describe the methods used to collect and analyze dietary intake data in residents of Pacific Island countries.

Introduction:
Dietary assessment explores associations between dietary factors and health outcomes. In regions, including the Pacific Islands, where diet-related, non-communicable diseases are increasing, this is a growing area of research. As this information is used to inform food and nutrition policies and practice, accurate collection, analysis, and interpretation of dietary assessment data relies on robust methods. A greater understanding of how nutrition studies are designed can strengthen the evidence on nutrition and health in Pacific Island settings and inform future research approaches.

Inclusion criteria:
The scoping review will consider studies published in peer-reviewed journals, including quantitative and qualitative study designs and gray literature, including government reports, research and technical reports, theses and dissertations that measure and/or assess dietary intake in resident populations of the Pacific Island member countries of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community: American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Cook Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, French Polynesia, Guam, the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, the Independent State of Samoa, the Kingdom of Tonga, New Caledonia, Niue, Pitcairn Islands, the Republic of Fiji, the Republic of Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Republic of Nauru, the Republic of Palau, the Republic of Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tuvalu, and Wallis and Futuna.

Methods:
There will be no time limit and searches will be conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, CABI, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Results will be limited to English-language articles. Data will be extracted independently by two reviewers into a charting table. Results will be presented graphically and with tables accompanied by a narrative summary.
Application of statistical shape modeling to the human hip joint: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Johnson Luke G. , Pawliuk Colleen 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This review aims to identify all examples of the application of statistical shape models to the human hip joint, with a focus on methodology, validation, and applications.

Introduction:
Abnormal hip joint morphology (eg, deformity secondary to Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease) is an important precursor to osteoarthritis. Clinical radiographs are often used to characterize deformity and provide indication for surgical correction, but it is unclear whether radiographs can adequately describe three-dimensional deformity. Statistical shape modeling, a method of describing a population of shapes using a small number of variables, has been identified as a potential tool that will allow clinicians and researchers to validate current and novel radiographic measurements of hip deformity. In identifying all previous examples of statistical shape modeling applied to the hip joint, this review will determine its prevalence, strengths, and weaknesses, and identify gaps in the literature.

Inclusion criteria:
Peer-reviewed and gray literature focusing on the development and/or application of statistical shape models to the human hip joint will be included.

Methods:
Several relevant databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and IEEE, will be searched for literature published from 1992, and for a title and abstract that can be searched in English. After removal of duplicates, two reviewers will independently screen papers by title and abstract, then screen the full text of selected or uncertain papers. The same reviewers will then independently chart data from the final selection. At each stage, disagreements will be resolved through discussion or third-party arbitration.
Rapport between nurses and adult patients in ambulatory oncology care settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Koppel Paula D. , Ledbetter Leila , De Gagne Jennie C. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The primary objective of this scoping review is to explore what is known about cultivating rapport between nurses and adult patients in ambulatory oncology care. A bibliometric analysis will be performed to explore whether this method enhances mapping of the literature.

Introduction:
Research demonstrates that patients with cancer value nurses not only for their skillful delivery of treatment but also for their support and guidance. Rapport, or nurse–patient bonding, is associated with patient satisfaction. Although the importance of the nurse–patient relationship in oncology nursing is established, less is known about the process of nurturing rapport, especially in ambulatory care where most treatment is delivered.

Inclusion criteria:
This scoping review will consider studies pertaining to nurses working with adult patients undergoing treatment for any form of cancer within ambulatory oncology. It will include experimental, quasi-experimental, descriptive observational, and qualitative designs, as well as systematic reviews and dissertations.

Methods:
Researchers will search multiple databases including MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global database, PapersFirst, and EThOS. Two independent researchers will screen the title/abstract of all retrieved citations, after which the study researchers will review the full text of selected studies for inclusion. Eligible studies will be extracted using the data extraction instrument. No time limit will be placed on the search. While studies of all languages will be included in the search, only those in English will be reviewed. Non-English studies with abstracts in English will be listed in an appendix at the end of the manuscript.
Exploring concepts and definitions of plateaus during normal labor and birth: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Weckend Marina J. , Bayes Sara , Davison Clare 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
In this scoping review, contemporary concepts and definitions of phenomena during normal labor and birth, wherein the process appears to plateau (slow, stall, or pause) but remains within physiological limits, will be mapped.

Introduction:
During labor and birth, it is frequently perceived as pathological if contractions, cervical dilation, or fetal descent plateau. However, there is evidence to suggest that some plateaus during labor may be physiological, and a variety of concepts and terms refer to this phenomenon. Where a physiological plateau is perceived as pathological arrest, this may contribute to undue interventions, such as augmentation of labor. Therefore, it is important to advance understanding of physiological labor patterns, including potentially physiological labor plateaus.

Inclusion criteria:
Publications mentioning any plateaus of the processes of normal human labor and birth will be considered. This may also include phenomena where labor is perceived to “reverse,” for example, a closing cervix or a rise of the presenting fetal part. Publications where plateaus are defined as pathological will be excluded.

Methods:
All types of evidence, published and unpublished, will be considered. The search strategy will be applied to the databases MEDLINE, Embase, MIDIRS, Emcare, CINAHL, and Scopus, and will be limited to the past 30 years. Gray literature will be searched via Open Grey, reference list screening, and contacting authors. Data extraction will comprise information on concept boundaries, terminology, precedents, consequences, concept origin, and types of evidence that report this phenomenon. Results will be presented in tabular, diagrammatical, and narrative manner.
Influence of sex-based differences on oral anticoagulation control in patients taking coumarin derivatives: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Viana Catiane Costa , Praxedes Marcus Fernando da Silva , de Sousa Waleska Jaclyn Freitas Nunes , Bartolazzi Frederico , Vianna Mayara Sousa , Silva José Luiz Padilha da , Martins Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective:
This review will aim to assess the influence of sex-based differences on oral anticoagulation control in patients taking coumarin derivatives.

Introduction:
Coumarin derivatives, such as warfarin, have a narrow therapeutic index, requiring frequent monitoring to achieve adequate anticoagulation control, which can be assessed by the time in therapeutic range. Differences in the quality of oral anticoagulation control between men and women have been reported, although the current evidence is controversial. A systematic review on this topic would provide results that could be incorporated into clinical practice to enhance oral anticoagulation control and treatment outcomes.

Inclusion criteria:
Observational and experimental studies were assessed for eligibility, with participants aged ≥18 years of either sex taking oral anticoagulation or other coumarin derivatives for ≥3 months, for any indication of chronic use, who had oral anticoagulation control evaluated by time in therapeutic range.

Methods:
Electronic databases to be searched include MEDLINE, BVS, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently perform title/abstract selection and screening, and then full text retrieval and screening of articles that meet the inclusion criteria. The evaluation of methodological quality and data extraction will also be performed by two independent reviewers. Data will be synthesized in tables and then the compiled results will be meta-analyzed. In the presence of subgroup differences, meta-regression methods will be used to investigate the effects of categorical or continuous covariates. If statistical pooling is not possible, a narrative synthesis will be presented.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO (CRD42019128329)
The functional resonance analysis method as a health care research methodology: a scoping review protocol
Authors: McGill Alexis , Smith Doug , McCloskey Rose , Morris Patricia , Goudreau Alex , Veitch Brian 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to examine and map the literature on the use of the functional resonance analysis method in health care research.

Introduction:
Health care systems are highly complex and involve interrelated functions, organizations, individuals, and technologies. Understanding how these elements interact and impact health care processes is difficult because of inherent contextual and human variables. The functional resonance analysis method offers an approach to deconstruct complex systems and examine relationships between individual processes and elements. By using the functional resonance analysis method, researchers can map health care processes and uncover performance variables that can emerge and strengthen, or compromise, intended outcomes. Insight into how the functional resonance analysis method has been operationalized in health care research will help researchers and policy makers understand how the method can be used to strengthen health care systems.

Inclusion criteria:
The scoping review will consider research and narrative reports on the application of the functional resonance analysis method in health care research. The concepts of interest are the research questions/aims/objectives, methods used to operationalize the functional resonance analysis method, key concepts and definitions of the functional resonance analysis method, and key findings. Studies that used the functional resonance analysis method in any health care setting will be considered.

Methods:
The scoping review will aim to locate published and unpublished literature by employing a three-step search strategy. Only papers published in English will be considered and no limits will be placed on the year of publication. Data extracted will include key concepts and definitions of the functional resonance analysis method, research questions/aims/objectives, methods used to operationalize the functional resonance analysis method, and key findings. Extracted data will be reported in tabular form and presented narratively to express the review question.
A Framework for Optimal Placement of Rooftop Photovoltaic: Maximizing Solar Production and Operational Cost Savings in Residential Communities
Authors: El Kontar Rawad , Jin Xin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Optimizing the placement of photovoltaic (PV) panels on residential buildings has the potential to significantly increase energy efficiency benefits to both homeowners and communities. Strategic PV placement can lower electricity costs by reducing the electricity fed from the grid during on-peak hours, while maintaining PV panel efficiency in terms of the amount of solar radiation received. In this article, we present a framework that identifies the ideal location of PV panels on residential rooftops. Our framework combines energy and environmental simulation, parametric modeling, and optimization to inform PV placement as it relates to and affects the entire community (in terms of both energy use and financial cost), as well as individual buildings. Ensuring that our framework accounts for shading from nearby buildings, different utility rate structures, and different buildings’ energy demand profiles means that existing communities and future housing developments can be optimized for energy savings and PV efficiency. The framework comprises two workflows, each contributing to optimal PV placement with a unique target: (a) maximizing PV panel efficiency (i.e., solar generation) and (b) minimizing operational energy cost considering utility rate structures for operational energy. We apply our framework to a residential community in Fort Collins, Colorado, to demonstrate the optimal PV placement, considering the two workflow targets. We present our results and illustrate the effect of PV location and orientation on solar energy production efficiency and operational energy cost.
Design and Implementation of a Novel Variable Stiffness Actuator With Cam-Based Relocation Mechanism
Authors: Ning Yinghao , Huang Hailin , Xu Wenfu , Zhang Weimin , Li Bing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Variable stiffness actuators (VSAs) are widely explored as they could improve the safe performance for human-robot interaction and make the system torque controllable based on the internal compliance. This article presents a novel VSA based on the cam-based relocation mechanism (CRM-VSA), which is utilized to change the locations of pivot and spring of a lever mechanism simultaneously. Consequently, such structure makes the actuator compacted and the stiffness regulation designable, which could help engineers to pursue different demands of stiffness regulation. The simultaneous relocations of the pivot and spring also permit a wide range of adjustable stiffness. By introducing linear guide pairs, the internal friction of the relocations of pivot and spring could be greatly reduced, thus enhancing the energy efficiency. To evaluate the performance of the proposed CRM-VSA, the point-to-point control strategy is developed, which contributes to a higher tracking accuracy and oscillation attenuation at both the start and end points of the trajectory. In addition, the performance of torque controllability is also verified through experiments. These excellent capabilities enable the proposed CRM-VSA to be qualified for constructing a robotic arm toward service applications.