bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogenic silver nanoparticles induce apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma
Authors: Abosharaf Hamed A. , Salah Mohammed , Diab Thoria , Tsubaki Motonari , Mohamed Tarek M. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is accounted as an ecofriendly process. The present study was conducted to estimate the potency of biogenic AgNPs against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro and EAC-bearing mice in vivo.
Methods: AgNPs were prepared using mango leaves extract and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1 x 106 EAC cells. Biogenic AgNPs- alone or combined with Doxorubicin (DOX)- was administered intraperitoneally day by day for two weeks.
Results: Biologically synthesized AgNPs showed a cytotoxic effect against cultured EAC cells but with less toxicity toward normal cells compared to DOX, which had strong cytotoxicity against both cells. Biogenic AgNPs alone or combined with DOX triggered the cytotoxicity against the EAC-bearing mouse model via decreasing body weight, tumor volume, and the number of viable tumor cells. The combined treatment (AgNPs-DOX) ameliorated the drastic effect induced by injection of EAC cells through improving liver and kidney functions compared to those treated with DOX alone. In addition, the combined treatment showed an elevation in the expression of Bax and caspase-3, and a reduction in the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the EAC cells. Furthermore, this combined treatment effectively arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, the combined treatment with AgNPs-DOX caused a significant reduction in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that biogenic AgNPs could be useful in developing a potent combination therapy against different types of cancers.
The Estimation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in patients with prostatitis by fully automated ELISA technique.
Authors: Aldhaheri Hussein Naeem , AlSaimary Ihsan Edan , ALMusafer Murtadha Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

The Aim of this study was to determine Immunogenetic expression of Toll-like receptor gene clusters related to prostatitis, to give acknowledge about Role of TLR in prostatitis immunity in men from Basrah and Maysan provinces. A case–control study included 135 confirmed prostatitis patients And 50 persons as a control group. Data about age, marital status, working, infertility, family history and personal information like (Infection, Allergy, Steroid therapy, Residency, Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, Blood group, Body max index (BMI) and the clinical finding for all patients of Prostatitis were collected. This study shows the effect of PSA level in patients with prostatitis and control group, with P-value <0.0001 therefore the study shows a positive significant between elevated PSA levels and Prostatitis.
Non-extraction Orthodontic Treatment with Damon System: Two Case Reports
Authors: BUYUKCAVUS Muhammed Hilmi 
Published: November 2020

Self-ligating braces offer shorter orthodontic treatment, more comfortable follow-up and less chair time. Passive braces are more preferred in self-ligating systems as they cause less friction. Damon system is also one of the most popular passive self-ligating braces. In addition to protrusion of incisors, it is one of the most important advantages of this bracket system that it provides expansion in dental arches. The purpose of these case reports is to present the treatments of two patients treated with Damon System. It can be concluded as; thanks to the Damon braces system, moderate and severe crowding cases were successfully treated in appropriate cases. Treatment times were also shorter compared to average orthodontic treatments. Instead of stripping and tooth extraction, which are among the methods of gaining space in orthodontics, success can be achieved in suitable cases.
Repatriamento e remanescentes humanos - musealia, musealidade e musealização de objetos indígenas
Authors: Cury Marilia Xavier 
Published: November 2020

Resumo: O artigo propõe uma discussão sobre restituição e repatriamento de objetos e coleções indígenas, como forma de atendimento a direitos humanos. A problemática central está nos remanescentes humanos como musealia carregada de colonialismo nas construções da musealidade e na musealização. O que para o museu é “coisa” ou objeto, para os indígenas é um ser humano, conforme as visões e as vozes indígenas trazidas para o artigo, que reforçam uma visão da espiritualidade. Essa visão espiritual deve ser conhecida pelos profissionais dos museus para a construção de novas práticas museais e de novas relações entre indígenas e museus, todas elas baseadas no respeito.
A construção do patrimônio e identidades emergentes no Maciço da Pedra Branca (RJ)
Authors: Oliveira Maria Amália Silva Alves de , Pena Ingrid Almeida de Barros 
Published: November 2020

Com a instituição de uma Unidade de Conservação no maciço da Pedra Branca, em 1974, as fronteiras e usos do espaço foram redefinidos, exercendo um efeito sobre as práticas agrícolas ali estabelecidas. Decorre daí não só transformações socioespaciais, mas também a emergência de identidades sociais múltiplas, e com isso, a revalorização da memória e ressignificação de bens culturais. Utilizando como métodos revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e entrevistas, buscamos analisar os bens culturais presentes no Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca tendo como pano de fundo a noção de patrimônio. Para tal, apresentamos em perspectiva histórica a noção de patrimônio natural, que ganhou destaque na esfera da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura, cujas diretrizes ressoam no Brasil. A análise resultante está também ancorada na ideia de comunidades tradicionais, e dos valores culturais que são construídos por esses grupos, a partir de uma abordagem teórica cunhada nas noções de memória e território. Nossas reflexões nos conduzem à ideia do turismo enquanto estratégia para reconhecimento identitário, em especial, em contextos onde memórias e territórios estão disputa, e identidades emergentes buscam ser organizadas e legitimadas. Assim, estão sendo evidenciados no Maciço da Pedra Branca modos de vida, memórias, trajetórias que residem justamente no conjunto de práticas relacionadas à natureza, contribuindo para a construção do patrimônio natural.
Bens culturais, mercado e italianidade: memórias da imigração no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Beneduzi Luis Fernando 
Published: November 2020

A imigração italiana constituiu um fenômeno importante na história do Rio Grande do Sul, seja do ponto de vista étnico-cultural, seja político, econômico ou social. A mão-de-obra dos imigrantes contribuiu para a diversificação da economia gaúcha já nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Por outro lado, esse desenvolvimento econômico colaborou para o nascimento de uma elite étnica local que, na década de 1920, tomou para si o direito/dever de produzir a memória de uma imigração vitoriosa. Portanto, já nas décadas de 1920-1930, memória, narrativas sobre a imigração italiana e italianidade se entrecruzavam com a economia e a política, indicando uma etnia que contribuiu para o progresso econômico e social do estado. No tempo, os momentos de crescimento do brand “Itália” nos mercados interno e exterior se sobrepuseram a uma ênfase na positividade étnica italiana. O objetivo do presente artigo é buscar compreender quanto dos códigos de italianidade contemporâneos remontam àquele momento primordial da década de 1920 e como o mercado foi moldando este novo produto de consumo, os bens imateriais associados aos ítalo-gaúchos.
Parenchymal transection in robotic liver resection: results of 70 resections using the Vessel Sealer
Authors: Nota Carolijn L. , Molenaar I. Quintus , te Riele Wouter W. , van Santvoort Hjalmar C. , Rinkes Inne H. M. Borel , Hagendoorn Jeroen 
Published: November 2020

Aim : There is no standard technique for transection of the hepatic parenchyma during robotic liver resection. The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of robotic liver resections using the Vessel Sealer for parenchymal transection.
Methods : This is a post hoc analysis of a prospective database. All consecutive patients who underwent robotic liver resection in the Regional Academic Cancer Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands, between August 2015 and January 2019 were included.
Results : A total of 70 robotic liver resections were performed, including 60 minor resections (86%) and ten hemihepatectomies (14%). Five procedures (7%) were converted. Mean parenchymal transection time was 43 ± 26 min. Median blood loss was 150 mL (interquartile range 40-300). Ten patients (14%) suffered from a major complication, and three patients (4%) had bile leakage postoperatively. One patient died from post-hepatectomy liver failure.
Conclusion : Based on the results of this series, consisting of 60 minor liver resections and 10 hemihepatectomies, we conclude that the use of the Vessel Sealer during the parenchymal transection in liver resection is feasible and safe.
Robotic surgery of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Belli Andrea , Patrone Renato , Albino Vittorio , Leongito Maddalena , Piccirillo Mauro , Granata Vincenza , Pasta Gilda , Palaia Raffaele , Izzo Francesco 
Published: November 2020

Aim : The aim of this study was to describe our technique for the surgical treatment of clinically suspected or incidentally diagnosed gallbladder cancer (GBC) and to report the outcomes of our experience.
Methods : This is a retrospective observational study including consecutive patients operated by a robotic approach for the surgical treatment of clinically suspected or incidentally diagnosed GBC (with the intent of radical re-resection after index cholecystectomy) performed between January 2017 and December 2019. Clinical outcomes and technical details related to the robotic approach were analyzed.
Results : During the study period, 8 patients underwent robotic radical cholecystectomy with lymphadenectomy and atypical resection of segments IVb-V. No conversion or major complications occurred intraoperatively. All patients underwent a radical resection. There were one Clavien-Dindo grade II and one grade IIIb complication. Median hospital stay was 6 days (range 5-11). At a median follow-up of 17.5 months (range 29.3-7.3), all patients are alive and free from disease except one who had peritoneal recurrence and underwent chemotherapy. No trocar site recurrence was observed.
Conclusion : The present study describes a standardized step-by-step robotic technique for the surgical treatment of GBC and demonstrates the feasibility and safety of the robotic approach. More data and multicentre series are needed to confirm our results and to assess the oncologic outcomes of the robotic approach.
Knowledge of Dental Academics about the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Country Online Survey
Authors: Ammar Nour , Aly Nourhan M. , Folayan Morenike O. , Mohebbi Simin Z. , Attia Sameh , Howaldt Hans-Peter , Boettger Sebastian , Khader Yousef , Maharani Diah A. , Rahardjo Anton , Khan Imran , Madi Marwa , Shamala Anas , Al-Batayneh Ola B. , Rashwan Maher , Pavlic Verica , Cicmil Smiljka , Galluccio Gabriella , Polimeni Antonella , Mancino Davide , Arheiam Arheiam , Dama Mai A. , Nyan Myat , Phantumvanit Prathip , Kim Jin-Bom , Choi Youn-Hee , Castillo Jorge L. , Joury Easter , Abdelsalam Maha M. , Alkeshan Mohammad M. , Hussein Iyad , Vukovic Ana P. , Iandolo Alfredo , Kemoli Arthur M. , Tantawi Maha El 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background

COVID-19 is a global pandemic affecting all aspects of life in all countries. We assessed COVID-19 knowledge and associated factors among dental academics in various countries.

Method

We invited dental academics to participate in a cross-sectional, multi-country, online survey from March to April 2020. The survey assessed knowledge of COVID-19 regarding the mode of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, protection, and dental treatment precautions as well as participants’ background variables. The analysis was based on multilevel linear models to assess the association between knowledge and factors at individual levels (personal and professional) and country-level (number of COVID-19 cases/ million population), accounting for random variation among countries.

Results

Two thousand forty-five academics from 26 countries participated in the survey (response rate= 14.3%, with 54.7% female and 67% younger than 46 years of age). The mean (SD) knowledge percent score was 73.2% (11.2), and the knowledge of symptoms score was significantly lower than the diagnostic methods score (53.1% and 85.4%). Knowledge was significantly higher among those living with partner/spouse than those living alone (regression coefficient (B)= 0.48); those with PhD than those with BDS (B= 0.48), those seeing 21 to 30 patients daily than those seeing no patients (B= 0.65) and those from countries with a higher number of COVID-19 cases/million population (B= 0.0007).

Conclusions

Dental academics had poorer knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms than diagnostic methods. Living arrangements, academic degrees, patient load, and magnitude of epidemic in the country were associated with COVD-19 knowledge among dental academics. COVID-19 training can be designed using these factors to target academics with the greatest need.
Augmented Reality Technology as a Teaching Strategy for Learning Pediatric Asthma Management: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kotcherlakota Suhasini , Pelish Peggy , Hoffman Katherine , Kupzyk Kevin , Rejda Patrick 
Published: November 2020

Background
Asthma is a major chronic disease affecting 8.6% of children in the United States.

Objective
The purpose of this research was to assess the use of clinical simulation scenarios using augmented reality technology to evaluate learning outcomes for nurse practitioner students studying pediatric asthma management.

Methods
A mixed-methods pilot study was conducted with 2 cohorts of graduate pediatric nurse practitioner students (N=21), with each cohort participating for 2 semesters.

Results
Significant improvements in pediatric asthma test scores (P<.001) of student learning were found in both cohorts at posttest in both semesters. Student satisfaction with the augmented reality technology was found to be high. The focus group discussions revealed that the simulation was realistic and helpful for a flipped classroom approach.

Conclusions
The study results suggest augmented reality simulation to be valuable in teaching pediatric asthma management content in graduate nursing education.
TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL RECESSION DEFECT USING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS CULTURED PCL BASED BONE REGENERATING SCAFFOLD: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: KASHTE SHIVAJI , DWIVEDI ANSHUMAN , GAUTAM SHRADDHA , SHARMA R. K. , KADAM SACHIN 
Published: November 2020

Gingival recession defects generally give rise to functional as well as aesthetic problems. Basic periodontal treatment could only get rid of plaque and calculus to control inflammation, while the ultimate goal of periodontal treatment is to repair and reconstruct the periodontal lining using a gum grafting periodontal plastic surgery. So far, use of stem cells has proven to be effective for in vivo periodontal regeneration and repair of structural defects in case of Miller’s classification class I. However, class II and class III required serious bone grafting to repair the defect.
In the present study, a patient of multiple gingival recession (Miller’s class II) was treated using human Umbilical Cord Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in combination with bone regeneration poly ε-caprolactone (PCL)-graphene oxide (GO)-Cissus quadrangularis(CQ)(PCL-GO-CQ) scaffold. The study was concluded with reference to clinical parameters including root coverage that was recorded at baseline, and at 2 months postoperative. The final analysis revealed significant reduction of gingival recession with over 70% of root coverage. Thus, the study proved the efficacy of bone regenerating scaffold to regenerate multiple tissue defects, when seeded with human Umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETIC IRON NANOPARTICLES USING MEDICINAL PLANT TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LEAF EXTRACTS AND ITS APPLICATION AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT AGAINST E. COLI
Authors: PATIL YOJANA Y. , SUTAR VAISHNVI B. , TIWARI ARPITA P. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The present study was aimed at the biological synthesis of magnetic iron nanoparticles by using the plant extract of Tridax procumbens and also to study their antimicrobial property against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).
Methods: The synthesis of magnetic iron nanoparticles was carried out by the co-precipitation method using biological methods like plant extract as reducing agent and capping agents are biocompatible and non-hazardous. These nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). As well as antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was carried out by agar well diffusion method and Most Probable Number (MPN) method against gram-negative E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacteria.
Results: The average crystallite size of Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) was found to be 72 nm by X-ray diffraction. The optical absorption band at wavelengths of 240 nm and 402 nm was obtained from the UV Visible spectrum. Spherical shape morphology was observed in SEM studies. The antibacterial assay clearly expressed that E. coli showed a maximum zone of inhibition (15±0.15 mm) at 2 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml concentration was found for Magnetic Nanoparticles. In the Most Probable Number (MPN) test it is seen that the bacterial count is reduced after adding synthesized NPs into the water sample.
Conclusion: The results of the present study conclude that the Magnetic Nanoparticles synthesized using Tridax procumbens leaf extracts is found to be stable and show good antibacterial activity against gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DOXORUBICIN AND siRNA ENCAPSULATED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES
Authors: MOMIN TAIHASEEN , GULBAKE ARVIND 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNP’s) have been widely studied for drug and gene delivery. In this study, we prepared ChNP’s for co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and siRNA for cancer treatment.
Methods: The ionic gelation method was used to develop ChNP’s. The positively charged DOX and negatively charged siRNA encapsulated into ChNP’s. The particle size and zeta potential of the developed ChNP’s were studied by particle size analyzer and morphology was examined by TEM. Encapsulation of DOX in ChNP’s was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of DOX were studied by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The siRNA loading into ChNP’s was confirmed by gel retardation assay.
Results: The developed ChNP’s showed particle size ranged from 127±6.5 to 215±8.5 nm with zeta potential ranged from 16.5±0.3 to 25.8±0.3. Transmission Electron Micrograph showed DOX and siRNA encapsulated ChNP’s are polydisperse and spherical in nature. FTIR study confirmed the binding of DOX with ChNP’s with absorption peaks at 1016 cm-1,1316 cm-1, 1412 cm-1, 1645 cm-1 and 3370 cm-1. The TPP:Ch ratio 0.1:0.5 showed the highest encapsulation efficiency 69±3.24%, with initial burst release and then sustained or slow release of DOX. Agarose gel retardation study confirmed the encapsulation of siRNA in ChNP’s by retarded migration of siRNA-ChNP’s in comparison with naked siRNA.
Conclusion: The developed ChNP’s successfully encapsulated the DOX and siRNA and showed the sustain release of DOX. In conclusion, our study shown that ChNP’s is having a potential of co-loading of DOX-siRNA as an efficient drug delivery system for the treatment of various cancers such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer etc.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT DIABETES AND RISK OF HYPOGLYCEMIA WITH CONCURRENT USE OF NATURAL HERBS/HERBAL PRODUCTS
Authors: SRINIVASAN A. , JOSE JITTA MARY , BAIJU MEGHA K. , GEORGE SMRITI SURESH 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To determine the various misconceptions in diabetes mellitus and the factors leading to such misconceptions. To find out the association of various misconceptions with the socio-demographic factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 350 diabetic patients for a period of 6 mo. The study was done in diabetic clinics in the districts of Salem and Erode.
Results: The study included a total of 350 patients, among which 206 (58.86%) were females and 144 (41.14%) were males. The majority of the study population was between the age group 61-70 (30.86%). The total misconception scores were low (0-34) in 144 (41.14%), moderate (35-69) in 180 (51.43%) and high (70-104) in 26 (7.43%). Out of 25 patients identified with hypoglycemia 2 patients (8%) had only drug-drug interaction. 10 patients (40%) with both DI and HDI were identified. Herb-drug interactions alone were identified in 13 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia (52%) indicating the risk of hypoglycemia with concurrent use of herbs along with diabetic medications.
Conclusion: In this study carried out in a study population of 350 patients, the majority of the population, which contributes to about 94% had high to moderate knowledge about their condition of diabetes mellitus. The misconceptions about diabetes mellitus were high in 6.57% of the study population.
The FISH VENOM TOXINS: NATURAL SOURCE OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND THERAPEUTIC AGENTS “PHARMACEUTICAL AND THERAPEUTIC USES OF FISH VENOM TOXINS
Authors: PANDEY SHWETA , UPADHYAY RAVI KANT 
Published: November 2020

The present review article explains fish toxins from different species with their pharmaceutical and therapeutic uses. Fish stinging is a major problem in coastal areas as it exerts severe toxic effects mainly in fishermen, locals, and tourists. Fish toxins cause severe pain that radiates up in the limbs and regional lymphatics. These also impose venular stasis, hemorrhage and make changes in the arteriolar wall diameter. Fish toxins target ion-channels, ligand-gated channels and G-protein coupled receptors present in body cells and obstructs their physiological and metabolic functions. They affect molecules that participate in signaling pathways, and cause hemolytic, cardiovascular, and make obstruction in nerve function and smooth muscle contraction. For quick neutralization, fish venom-induced effects in victim’s toxin-specific antibodies are used. These quickly provide relief from pain, minimize the symptoms, and stop the immediate inflammatory reaction. Fish venom toxins are of wider biomedical applications and can be used for the preparation of immune diagnostics, bio-pesticides, anticancer agents, and analgesics by using its biological information.