bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The GAPS Programme at TNG
Authors: Damasso M. , Lanza A. F. , Benatti S. , Rajpaul V. M. , Mallonn M. , Desidera S. , Biazzo K. , D’Orazi V. , Malavolta L. , Nardiello D. , Rainer M. , Borsa F. , Affer L. , Bignamini A. , Bonomo A. S. , Carleo I. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , Giacobbe P. , Gratton R. , Harutyunyan A. , Knapic C. , Leto G. , Maggio A. , Maldonado J. , Mancini L. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Nascimbeni V. , Pagano I. , Piotto G. , Poretti E. , Scandariato G. , Sozzetti A. , Capuzzo Dolcetta R. , Di Mauro M. P. , Carosati D. , Fiorenzano A. , Frustagli G. , Pedani M. , Pinamonti M. , Stoev H. , Turrini D. 
Published: August 2020

Context. Detecting and characterising exoworlds around very young stars (age ≤10 Myr) are key aspects of exoplanet demographic studies, especially for understanding the mechanisms and timescales of planet formation and migration. Any reliable theory for such physical phenomena requires a robust observational database to be tested. However, detection using the radial velocity method alone can be very challenging because the amplitude of the signals caused by the magnetic activity of such stars can be orders of magnitude larger than those induced even by massive planets.
Aims. We observed the very young (~2 Myr) and very active star V830 Tau with the HARPS-N spectrograph between October 2017 and March 2020 to independently confirm and characterise the previously reported hot Jupiter V830 Tau b (Kb = 68 ± 11 m s−1; mb sin ib = 0.57 ± 0.10 MJup; Pb = 4.927 ± 0.008 d).
Methods. Because of the observed ~1 km s−1 radial velocity scatter that can clearly be attributed to the magnetic activity of V830 Tau, we analysed radial velocities extracted with different pipelines and modelled them using several state-of-the-art tools. We devised injection-recovery simulations to support our results and characterise our detection limits. The analysis of the radial velocities was aided by a characterisation of the stellar activity using simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic diagnostics.
Results. Despite the high quality of our HARPS-N data and the diversity of tests we performed, we were unable to detect the planet V830 Tau b in our data and cannot confirm its existence. Our simulations show that a statistically significant detection of the claimed planetary Doppler signal is very challenging.
Conclusions. It is important to continue Doppler searches for planets around young stars, but utmost care must be taken in the attempt to overcome the technical difficulties to be faced in order to achieve their detection and characterisation. This point must be kept in mind when assessing their occurrence rate, formation mechanisms, and migration pathways, especially without evidence of their existence from photometric transits.
Deep-Plane Approach to the Vertical Platysma Advancement: Technical Modifications and Nuances over 25 Years
Authors: Gordon Neil A. , Sawan Tareq G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this article, we will provide the reader with the anatomical and embryologic evidence supporting the use of the deep-plane approach in rhytidectomy and insight into the evolution of the technique into the vertical platysma advancement. The original description of the deep-plane technique only described a basic superficial muscular aponeurotic system dissection in the midface with the ability to use tension on the flap without aesthetic consequences. This plane of dissection provides additional advantages not previously described, including access to deeper anatomical structures such as the buccal fat pad, and allows in vivo assessment and treatment of jowling. We describe how extension of this dissection and selective release of facial ligaments allows us to optimize treatment outcomes and longevity, especially in cases of difficult anatomy or revisions. Further advancements include case-specific facial volume enhancement, created by complex flap design, and facial narrowing by preauricular contouring and parotid hypertrophy treatment. Insights into anatomical landmarks, technical nuances, and alternative approaches for facial variations are presented.
Another Look at Platysmaplasty in Facelifting
Authors: Fedok Fred G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOver the history of facial rejuvenation surgery there has been a progressive assimilation of knowledge about the anatomy of neck structures that are central to the manifestations of the aging neck. These advances in knowledge have been accompanied by the innovation and introduction of several surgical techniques to restore the neck to a more youthful appearance. The rejuvenation of the aging neck frequently incorporates a consideration and execution of accepted methods to restore the platysma muscles to a more aesthetic form. Lasting and dependable surgical techniques remain somewhat elusive and late failures in the neck continue to be a frustration for both patients and surgeons.In this manuscript, the author reviews some of the more enduring and innovative methods to manage the platysma in facelifting and cites the rationale and limitations of the various techniques. The concept of the restoration of an effective platysma “sling” in the upper neck to eliminate platysma bands and recreate a defined jawline is highlighted. A framework of patient evaluation and decision making is presented, and a suggested individualized application of accepted surgical maneuvers is suggested.
The “Segmental SMAS Model”: A Didactic Concept of Face and Neck Lift Anatomy
Authors: Gassner Holger G. , Magdum Ashish A. , Hanga Darinka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProfound understanding of the surgical anatomy of the face and neck is the key to successful face lift surgery. The “Segmental SMAS Model” presented herein is the result of a decade-long effort in teaching fellows a logical and coherent anatomic model of face lift anatomy. The superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) consists of segments with distinct surgical characteristics. These are determined by the presence of a deep gliding plane and/or adhesion through fibrous insertions. In this article, we define SMAS segments that are profoundly heterogeneous in their behavior and have surgical implications on the maneuvers required for a deep plane face lift. The present model introduces several novel interpretations of the surgical anatomy of the face and neck lift procedure and hopes to convey a better understanding of face lift anatomy to training surgeons.
Ultrasound-Assisted Rhytidectomy Including Sub-SMAS and Subplatysmal Dissection
Authors: Gentile Richard D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEnergy-based facelifting techniques are a relatively new genre of surgery. In this approach, the energy-based device—whether laser, radiofrequency plasma, or ultrasound—can be used in the superficial plane to elevate skin flaps before performing more traditional facelift techniques involving the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) or platysma. The initial reports of utilizing fiber lasers as surgical tools date back to approximately 2007 and initial lipolasers were used to elevate facial skin flaps. The other energy-based devices were also tested. The author has probably the largest series of energy-based facial rejuvenation procedures, having performed over 3,000 of these procedures. The advantages of laser-assisted rhytidectomy include hemostasis, facilitated dissection in areas hard to elevate conventionally such as nasolabial folds or distal neck and the remodeling and tightening of tissue that results from the activation of the wound healing cascade of neocollagenesis and wound contraction. The author currently has a preference for energy device used during rhytidectomy and it is a high frequency ultrasound energy delivered by a five-ring 2.9- and 3.7-mm probe. The use of the ultrasound dissector in both superficial and deep procedures is highlighted in this article with emphasis on its use for deep cervicoplasty and subplatysmal procedures as well as sub-SMAS elevations of the facial deep plane.
The structures of cyclic aminals from aldehydes and “roofed” mono-N-sulfonyl cis-diamines
Authors: Adhi Laksana Anugerah , Fukuda Satoshi , Fukushi Yukiharu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Racemic Aldehydes were converted into aminals by using “roofed” mono-N-sulfonyl cis-diamines. Diastereomeric aminals could be separated by silica-gel TLC. The whole configuration of each aminal could be determined by NMR analyses. The chiral reagents were prepared from aminals of racemic reagents and a chiral aldehyde. The reverse may be also true. Epimerization of some aminal remains to be solved.
Abbreviations: RDA-Ms: N-(12-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-methylsulfonamide; RDA-Ts: N-(12-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide; RDA-1Nps: N-(12-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-1-　naphthylsulfonamide; RDA-2Nps: N-(12-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-11-yl)-2-naphthylsulfonamide
Molecular testing for the study of non-syndromic hearing loss
Authors: Morgan Anna , Gasparini Paolo , Girotto Giorgia 
Published: August 2020

Objective
Hearing loss (HL) is the most common sensory disorder, with more than 460 millions of people affected worldwide. Among the genetic cases of HL, Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss (NSHL) accounts for the majority of them, and its diagnosis still represents a challenge for both clinicians and geneticists. In the present work we reviewed the current approaches employed for the genetic study of this heterogeneous disorder, providing specific recommendations intended to help scientists in reaching the correct molecular diagnosis in NSHL patients.

Methods
A review of the most widespread approaches for the study of NSHL has been performed, with an eye on the common difficulties that geneticists and clinicians can encounter in the diagnostic process.

Results
An accurate clinical evaluation together with the application of a multi-step approach, based on next-generation sequencing technologies and copy number variations assays, represents the most effective strategy for the molecular diagnosis of NSHL.

Conclusion
NSHL is a high genetically heterogeneous condition that required proper technological platforms, as well as trained staff with a deep knowledge of its genetic background for the identification of the correct molecular diagnosis.
Enforced Performance in Common Law Versus Civil Law Systems: An Empirical Study of a Legal Transformation
Authors: Anidjar Leon Yehuda , Katz Ori , Zamir Eyal 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Legal systems differ about the availability of specific performance as a remedy for breach of contract. While common law systems deny specific performance in all but exceptional cases, civil law systems generally award enforcement remedies subject to some exceptions. However, there is an ongoing debate about the extent to which the practice of litigants and courts actually reflects the doctrinal divergence. An equally lively debate revolves around the normative question: Should the injured party be entitled to enforced performance or rather content itself with monetary damages? Very few studies have used qualitative methods, vignette surveys, or incentivized lab experiments to empirically study these issues, and none has quantitatively analyzed actual court judgments. Against the backdrop of the comparative law and theoretical debates, this Article describes the findings of a quantitative analysis of judgments concerning remedies for breach of contract in Israel during a sixty-nine-year period (1948–2016). The judicial and scholarly consensus is that the Remedies Law of 1970 revolutionized Israeli law by turning enforced performance from a secondary, equitable relief to the primary remedy for breach of contract. We nevertheless hypothesized that no such revolution has actually occurred. In fact, neither the common wisdom that the resort to enforced performance has significantly increased following the 1970 Law, nor our skeptic hypothesis that no such increase has occurred, were borne out. According to our findings, the resort to enforced performance actually decreased considerably after 1970. We examine several explanations for this result, and show that this unexpected phenomenon is associated with the increasing length of adjudication proceedings. The theoretical and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
Resurrecting the debate on ‘due process paranoia’ in Centrotrade: Paranoia or Judiciousness?
Authors: Saha Soumyajit , Shukla Smriti 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recently, the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in Centrotrade Minerals and Metals Inc v Hindustan Copper Ltd, rejected an application for non-enforcement of a foreign award and justified its ‘pro-enforcement’ bias. The Apex Court was of the opinion that there was no due process violation as the arbitrator provided enough opportunities to the parties to present the case but the respondent failed to abide by the timelines. Although, the Court has correctly interpreted the scope of due process but unfortunately, failed to address the repeated extension of arbitral proceeding at the cost of efficiency and speed. On a closer study, the Apex Court’s ruling resurrects a puzzling question of the arbitrator’s perceived reluctance to reject dilatory tactics of the respondent during arbitral proceeding. This article examines the implications of the ruling on arbitrators as they may be more exposed to the unscrupulous attempts of the parties to wilful delay under the garb of ‘due process paranoia’.
A-01 Objective and Subjective Cognitive Declines as Complementary Symptoms of Early Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kiselica A , Benge J , Kaser A , Small B , Webber T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Subjective and objective cognitive declines are given equal weight as symptoms of pre-mild cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease by recent research criteria. However, the overlap of these constructs is unclear. We used standardized regression-based (SRB) change to define subtle objective cognitive decline across serial neuropsychological assessments. We then examined the associations between objective change and subjective cognitive complaints. Finally, we investigated the impact of different symptom combinations on rates of classification for the early stages of the Alzheimer’s Continuum.

Method
Data from 1,341 cognitively intact older adults with serial Uniform Data Set 3.0 Neuropsychological Battery assessments (6–24-month follow-ups) were used to compute SRB declines at the following z-scores cut-points: −1.282, −1.645, and − 1.96. We used Chi-square tests and Cohen’s kappa statistics to evaluate the relationship between SRB change and presence/absence of subjective cognitive decline at follow-up. We also examined the prevalence rates of different symptom combinations in an amyloid positive sample (n = 29).

Results
The base rate of having at least one significant SRB decline ranged from 26.00% to 59.40%. Subjective cognitive decline was positively associated with SRB-defined decline in the normative sample, though agreement was limited (= − .01–.10). SRB decline with no subjective decline occurred in 0.0–37.90% of amyloid positive participants, while 3.40–37.90% had subjective but not objective decline. 37.90–79.30% of amyloid positive participants exhibited either SRB or subjective decline.

Conclusions
Subjective and objective cognitive declines appear to represent unique symptom classes and should be separately considered when staging patients on the Alzheimer’s Continuum.
A-08 Examination of Three Functional Living Scales Using Item Response Theory Modeling in a Mixed Sample
Authors: Goette W , Carlew A , Schaffert J , Rossetti H , Lacritz L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Characterize three functional living scales under item response theory and examine these scales for evidence of differential item functioning (DIF) by participant and/or informant ethnicity and education.

Method
Baseline data from 3155 participants [Mage = 70.59(9.55); Medu = 13.3(4.26); 61.72%female] enrolled in the Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium with data from the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR; functional items), Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) were used. The sample was predominately white (93.94%) and 35.97% identified as Hispanic. Graded response models fit all three tests best. DIF was examined by iteratively dropping item-by-item constraints and then testing model fit.

Results
The CDR demonstrated overall good item functioning with clear separation between all of the rating categories for each item, while the PSMS and IADL did not, suggesting the item ratings should be reconsidered. DIF was observed by ethnicity (Hispanic v. non-Hispanic) and education (separated into low, average, high) for every item on all three scales (all ps ≤ .01 after adjustment for multiple observations). Hispanic ethnicity and higher education subjects were more likely to be rated as more impaired.

Conclusions
Results suggest these three commonly used functional scales have DIF depending on the ethnicity and education of the patient. This finding has implications for understanding functional change in certain populations, particularly the potential for mischaracterization of impairment in minority samples. The finding that individuals with higher education tended to be rated as more functionally impaired warrants further investigation.
A-10 Self-Reported Post-Concussive Symptom Levels as Predictors of Performance Validity in a Sample of Active Duty Service Members with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Trotta J , Hungerford L , Agtarap S , Ettenhofer M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
The study investigated the relationship between levels of symptom reporting and performance validity testing (PVT) in Active Duty Service Members (ADSM) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Method
A total of 70 ADSM with a history of mTBI completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI); the PTSD Check List for DSM-5 (PCL-5), Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ8), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C); and a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation including the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). A multiple regression was conducted with all self-reported symptom questionnaires as predictors of PVT performance. To further explore this relationship, the four NSI subscales (affective, cognitive, vestibular, somatosensory) plus the mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptoms (mBIAS) subscore were entered into a separate regression analysis.

Results
The NSI was the only significant predictor of TOMM Trial 1 performance (TOMMT1; R2 = .272, F(6,58) = 3.606, p &lt; .01; β = −.615, p &gt; .01). When the four NSI subscales (affective, cognitive, vestibular, somatosensory) plus the mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptoms (mBIAS) subscore were entered into a separate regression analysis, only the somatosensory subscore emerged as a significant predictor of TOMMT1 (R2 = .208, F(5,63) = 3.317, p &lt; .05; β = −.384, p &gt; .05).

Conclusions
Results suggest that performance validity measures in ADSM with mTBI may at times be more strongly influenced by patients’ health concerns than by overt dissimulation.
A-11 The Contribution of Psychological Stress to Adolescent Post-Concussive Symptoms Across Recovery
Authors: Tarkenton T , Presley C , Meredith-Duliba T , Caze T , Hynan L , Didehbani N , Silver C , Cullum M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore whether less commonly explored injury factors account for variance in post-concussive symptoms across recovery.

Method
Participants aged 12–18 (n = 440) who reported to clinic within 14 days of concussion sustained in either sport injury, MVA, fall, or hit were selected from the ConTex registry. A PCS log, PHQ-8, and GAD-7 were completed at initial visit and 3-month follow-up. Separate hierarchical linear regressions determined predictors of PCS scores at both time points. Demographic, premorbid, injury, and psychological factors were entered in Step 1–4, respectively. A sample subset completed the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5) at initial (n = 58) and 3-month visits (n = 27). Exploratory analyses added the PCL-5 to determine whether post-traumatic stress symptoms contributed to the model.

Results
At initial visit, sex, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA), PHQ-8, and GAD-7 significantly predicted PCS total scores (p &lt; .001), accounting for 43% of the variance. At 3-month follow-up, PTA dropped out of the model, and psychiatric history and mechanism of injury became significant, explaining an additional 15% of the variance in PCS scores (R2 = .58, p &lt; .001). In exploratory analyses, when PCL-5 scores were added to the final models, demographic, premorbid, and injury factors did not remain significant, and the PCL-5 significantly contributed to the variance in PCS scores at both initial (p = .01) and 3-month follow-up (p &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Psychological stress and context of injury may be strong predictors of PCS in addition to demographic and premorbid factors. These findings warrant continued investigation of less explored injury factors contribution to initial mTBI presentation and recovery.
A-13 Demographic Differences in Performance Validity Test Failures
Authors: Braun S , Fountain-Zaragoza S , Halliday C , Horner M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
The present study aimed to investigate demographic differences in performance validity test (PVT) failure in a Veteran sample.

Method
Data were extracted retrospectively from neuropsychological evaluations at a southeastern Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center. Only male Veterans who were either European American/White (EA) or African American/Black (AA), and for whom complete data were available were included in the study (N = 1271). We investigated whether performance on two frequently used PVTs, the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), significantly differed by age, education, race, and VA service connection using separate logistic regressions.

Results
Veterans with younger age, less education, and VA service-connected disability were significantly more likely to fail both PVTs. Race was not a significant predictor of MSVT failure, but AA patients were significantly more likely than EA patients to fail the TOMM. For all significant demographic predictors in the models, effects were small. In a subsample of patients who were given both PVTs (n = 467), the pattern of differences based on race remained; 46% of AA patients and 36% of EA patients failed the TOMM, while 44% of AA patients and 43% of EA patients failed the MSVT.

Conclusions
Performance on the TOMM and MSVT systematically differed based on demographics. Results were not consistent across PVTs, with performance on the TOMM differing between EA and AA patients, but performance on the MSVT did not differ by race. These results suggest that demographic factors may play a small but measurable role in performance on specific PVTs.