bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-Terminal, but Not Intact, FGF23 and EPO Are Strongly Correlatively Elevated in Patients With Gain-of-Function Mutations in HIF2A: Clinical Evidence for EPO Regulating FGF23
Authors: Roszko Kelly Lauter , Brown Sydney , Pang Ying , Huynh Thanh , Zhuang Zhengping , Pacak Karel , Collins Michael T 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a key phosphate- and vitamin D-regulating hormone. FGF23 circulates as an intact 251 amino acid protein or N- and C-terminal degradation products. Hormone activity resides in the intact molecule, but it has been suggested that high levels of the C-terminal protein can interfere with intact FGF23 (iFGF23) activity. New evidence points to involvement of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)/erythropoietin (EPO)/iron pathway as important in FGF23 physiology. Exactly how this pathway regulates FGF23 is not clear. Various in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies involving perturbations in this pathway at various points have yielded conflicting results. Many of these studies are complicated by the confounding, independent effect of renal insufficiency on FGF23. To gain insight into FGF23 physiology, we studied 8 patients with a rare paraganglioma/somatostatinoma syndrome who had elevated blood EPO levels as a result of somatic gain-of-function mutations in HIF2A (EPAS1) that stimulate tumoral EPO production. All patients had normal renal function. EPO levels varied; most were very elevated and highly correlated with C-terminal FGF23 (cFGF23) levels that were also markedly elevated. Blood phosphate and intact FGF23 levels were normal. These data from patients with normal renal function in whom HIF activation was the inciting event suggest a direct role of the HIF/EPO pathway in FGF23 transcription and translation. They also demonstrate that posttranslational regulation was finely tuned to maintain normal blood phosphate levels. Additionally, normal phosphate and intact FGF23 levels in the setting of markedly increased C-terminal FGF23 levels suggest intact FGF23 action is not attenuated by C-terminal FGF23. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Analysis of antinuclear antibody titers and patterns by using HEp‐2 and primate liver tissue substrate indirect immunofluorescence assay in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: Wei Qiujing , Jiang Yutong , Xie Jiewen , Lv Qing , Xie Ya , Tu Liudan , Xiao Min , Wu Zhongming , Gu Jieruo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIndirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA) is viewed as a preliminary standard to assess antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). Our aim was to explore ANA positivity rate, titers, and patterns in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD), including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), compared with healthy controls (HC).MethodsAssess antinuclear antibody titers and patterns were retrospectively identified and compared by IIFA using human epithelial cells (HEp‐2) and primate liver tissue substrate according to international consensus in SARD. Serum complement 3 (C3), C4, and immunoglobulin G were compared among subgroups with different ANA titers. The positive predictive values (PPV) for different ANA titers were calculated.ResultsThere were a total of 3510 samples, including 2034 SLE, 973 RA, 155 SSc, 309 pSS, and 39 MCTD cases. There was no difference in age between HC and SARD, excluding RA. ANA positivity rate in SARD and HC was 78.7% and 12.2%, respectively. A titer of ≥1:320 revealed a PPV of 84.0% in SARD. SLE patients with ANA titers ≥1:320 had significantly lower levels of C3 and C4. AC‐4 (31.2%) was the major pattern in patients with SARD, followed by AC‐5 (23.9%) and AC‐1 (18.8%). SLE mostly presented with AC‐4 (30.3%). Several mixed patterns provided a significant hint for SSc and SLE. The major pattern in HC was AC‐2 (12.2%).ConclusionsAssess antinuclear antibody positivity, titers, and patterns display differences in various SARD, contributing to the classification of SARD.
Curvatures, graph products and Ricci flatness
Authors: Cushing David , Kamtue Supanat , Kangaslampi Riikka , Liu Shiping , Peyerimhoff Norbert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we compare Ollivier–Ricci curvature and Bakry–Émery curvature notions on combinatorial graphs and discuss connections to various types of Ricci flatness. We show that nonnegativity of Ollivier–Ricci curvature implies the nonnegativity of Bakry–Émery curvature under triangle‐freeness and an additional in‐degree condition. We also provide examples that both conditions of this result are necessary. We investigate relations to graph products and show that Ricci flatness is preserved under all natural products. While nonnegativity of both curvatures is preserved under Cartesian products, we show that in the case of strong products, nonnegativity of Ollivier–Ricci curvature is only preserved for horizontal and vertical edges. We also prove that all distance‐regular graphs of girth 4 attain their maximal possible curvature values.
Short‐term outcomes of pelvic floor peritoneum closure in endoscopic low anterior resection of rectal cancer: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Chuan Li , Linfeng Gao , Hongchang Liu , Xiaosong Wang , Huaxing Luo , Chao Zhang , Yu Peiwu , Bo Tang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of pelvic floor peritoneum closure (PC) during endoscopic low anterior resection (E‐LAR) of rectal cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify whether pelvic floor PC affected short‐term outcomes.MethodsThe study group comprised patients with the pathologically confirmed diagnosis of rectal cancer who underwent E‐LAR with pelvic floor PC or with no PC (NPC) between January 2013 and December 2018 in Southwest Hospital. After propensity score matching (PSM), 584 patients (292 who underwent PC and 292 who underwent NPC) were evaluated. Postoperative indicators, including the rates of complications, anastomotic leakage (AL), reoperation, and inflammation, were observed in the two groups.ResultsNo significant difference was observed in the rates of postoperative complications between the PC and NPC groups. The rates of AL were similar (11.3% vs. 9.2%, p = .414). However, the reoperation rate of patients in the PC group was significantly lower than that of patients in the NPC group after AL (36.4% vs. 11.1%, p = .025). The hospital costs were higher in the NPC leakage subgroup (p = .001). Additionally, the serum C‐reactive protein levels were lower in the PC group on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5, whereas procalcitonin levels on POD 1 and 3 were lower in the PC group but did not differ significantly on POD 5.ConclusionPelvic peritonization did not affect the rate of complications, especially AL; however, it effectively reduced the reoperation and inflammation rates and reduced hospitalization costs. Other short‐term outcomes were similar, which warrant the increased use of pelvic peritonization in endoscopic surgery.
Hepatic Fatty Acid and Transcriptome Profiles during the Transition from Vegetable‐ to Fish Oil‐Based Diets in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Cleveland Beth M. , Gao Guangtu , Radler Lisa M. , Picklo Matthew J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA finishing diet strategy is effective at increasing fillet long‐chain n‐3 fatty acid content in fish consuming sustainable plant oil‐based diets. This study investigates the outcomes of a fish oil finishing diet upon the hepatic fatty acid and transcriptome profile in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were placed on one of three feeding treatments: (1) FO: a fish oil (FO) diet for 20 weeks, (2) VO/FO: a vegetable oil (VO) diet during weeks 1–12 then the FO diet for 8 weeks, or (3) VO/fd/FO: the VO diet between weeks 1–12, 2 weeks of feed deprivation, then the FO diet for 6 weeks. Hepatic fatty acid and transcriptome profiles were analyzed at week 12, 14, and 20. Hepatic fatty acid profiles at week 12 were similar to dietary profiles; transcriptomic analyses indicated 131 differentially regulated genes (DEG) between VO‐ and FO‐fed fish, characterized by VO‐induced up‐regulation of cholesterol and long‐chain fatty acyl‐CoA synthesis and oxidation–reduction processes. At week 14, the hepatic fatty acid profile was similar between VO/FO and FO, although concentrations of 18:3n‐3 remained higher in the VO/FO group. Thirty‐three DEG were detected at week 14 with enrichment of genes associated with extracellular matrix assembly, supporting liver remodeling during the early finishing diet period. Only five DEG were detected at week 20 between VO/FO and FO. Collectively, these findings suggest that it takes several weeks for liver to reach a homeostatic state, even after the hepatic fatty acid equilibration following a finishing diet.
The Fatty Acid Composition of Human Follicular Fluid Is Altered by a 6‐Week Dietary Intervention That Includes Marine Omega‐3 Fatty Acids
Authors: Kermack Alexandra J. , Wellstead Susan J. , Fisk Helena L. , Cheong Ying , Houghton Franchesca D. , Macklon Nicholas S. , Calder Philip C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe fatty acid composition of human follicular fluid is important for oocyte development and for pregnancy following in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study investigated whether a dietary intervention that included an increase in marine omega‐3 fatty acids, olive oil and vitamin D alters the fatty acid composition of human follicular fluid. The association of lifestyle factors with follicular fluid fatty acid composition was also investigated. Fifty‐five couples awaiting IVF were randomized to receive the 6‐week treatment intervention of olive oil for cooking, an olive oil‐based spread, and a daily supplement drink enriched with vitamin D and the marine omega‐3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 56 couples were randomized to receive placebo equivalents. Dietary questionnaires were completed, and samples of blood were taken before and after the intervention. Follicular fluid was collected at oocyte retrieval and the fatty acid profile assessed using gas chromatography. In the control group, individual fatty acids in red blood cells and follicular fluid were significantly correlated. Furthermore, a healthier diet was associated with a lower percentage of follicular fluid arachidonic acid. The follicular fluid of women in the treatment group contained significantly higher amounts of EPA and DHA compared to the control group, while the omega‐6 fatty acids linoleic, γ‐linolenic, dihomo‐γ‐linolenic, and arachidonic were lower. This is the first report of a dietary intervention altering the fatty acid composition of follicular fluid in humans. Further research is required to determine whether this intervention improves oocyte quality.
Influence of Cadmium Substitution on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Co‐Ni Nano Ferrite Synthesized by Co‐Precipitation Method
Authors: Kulkarni Akshay B. , Hegde Nagaraj D. , Gowda H. Shashidhara , Mathad S. N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe objective of this work is to synthesize cadmium doped cobalt nickel ferrite (Co0.5Ni0.5Cd1.5xFe2‐xO4) series with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 by co‐precipitation method and analysis of structural properties using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization. The XRD characterization of the samples confirms the cubic spinel structure. Grains in the samples are granular in nature as depicted by SEM images. The FTIR spectra of synthesized ferrites show two strong absorption bands (ν1 and ν2) in the range 400–600 cm‐1 belonging to tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial sites. Williamson Hall and size‐strain plot results show the variation in the grain size with change in doping concentration. Crystallite size D, lattice constant a, micro strain ε, x‐ray density Δx, dislocation density ρD, hopping lengths(LA and LB), bond lengths (A–O and B–O), ionic radii (rA and rB), texture coefficients [TC(hkl)], and mechanical properties are also reported.
Porous TiN/Red Phosphorus Nanocomposite for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Raykar Vijay S. , Patil Sharad B. , Patil Pramod S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe visible light induced photocatalytic H2 evolution from water with the help of photogenerated electrons in the TiN/red phosphorous (RP) nanocomposite is studied. The porous TiN nanotubes are obtained by nitridation (heat treatment under NH3 flow) process on hydrothermal synthesized TiO2 fibers. The RP is incorporated into the porous TiN nanotubes by heat treatment in the sealed ampules. The porous TiN nanotube provide an effective conducting channel for the photogenerated electrons, which is reflected in the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution compared to the pristine RP.
Synthesis and Characterizations of 3D TiO2 Nanoflowers Thin Film: Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Wategaonkar Sandeep B. , Pawar Rani P. , Parale Vinayak G. , Pakhare Keshav S. , Sargar Balasaheb M. , Mane Raghunath K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present paper reports the study of synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline rutile titanium dioxide thin film. TiO2 is an excellent semiconducting nanomaterial used to enhance the efficiency of DSSC. TiO2 thin film is prepared by single‐step hydrothermal route. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide is used as a precursor for titanium. In this synthesis, TiO2 thin film is grown on fluorine‐doped tin oxide substrate (F:SnO2) at 140 °C temperature for 3 h. Morphological, structural, and optical properties are analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and UV–vis spectrophotometer, respectively. Morphological analysis gives the growth of 3D nanoflowers on 1D nanorods. Also, it gives the formation of nanorods with width ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 µm and length of ∼3.5 µm. XRD pattern reveals that, there is formation of tetragonal rutile crystal structure having crystallite size 19 nm. The structural and elemental composition is determined by FT‐IR and EDS. The FT‐IR technique is used to confirm the Ti‐O bond formation at 407, 760, and 886 cm−1. The optical study reveals indirect band gap energy of 3 eV. The optical absorption of synthesized TiO2 thin film is mainly in the ultraviolet region. The enhancement of the photoelectrochemical activity allowed substitution of the TiO2 nanoflower/nanorod thin film for the traditional TiO2 nanorods used in solar cells.
Complex Optical Studies on Conducting Polypyrrole Doped with ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Basavaraj Bharati , G. Metri Pushapajali , Shweta G. C. , Sannakki Basavaraja 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe conducting polymer polypyrrole and polypyrrole/ZnO nanocomposites are synthesized by in situ polymerization method at 0°C–5°C temperature with ammonium persulphate as an oxidizing agent. The optical band gap of polypyrrole/ZnO nanocomposites have been studied at different weight percentage such as 10%, 30%, and 50%, at room temperature. The obtained absorption spectra in the wavelength range 200–800 nm by T90+ UV/Vis Spectrophotometer. The PXRD pattern confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnO product. The particle size is calculated by using the Debye–Scherrer relation and it is found to be in the range of 20–50 nm. The absorption spectra at 385 nm obtained is the characteristic peak of ZnO and it is observed for all weight percentages of nanocomposites. Further, the peaks that occurred at 300and 469 nm (3.71 eV) confirm the formation of polypyrrole in nanocomposites. The optical properties of such conducting polymer nanocomposites are used in the field of optoelectronic devices and its wide band gap is useful in biomedical applications.
Nanoparticles‐assisted delivery of antiviral‐siRNA as inhalable treatment for human respiratory viruses: A candidate approach against SARS‐COV‐2
Authors: Ullah Ata , Qazi Javaria , Rahman Lutfur , Kanaras Antonios G. , Khan Waheed S. , Hussain Irshad , Rehman Asma 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has challenged healthcare structures across the globe. Although a few therapies are approved by FDA, the search for better treatment options is continuously on rise. Clinical management includes infection prevention and supportive care such as supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilatory support. Given the urgent nature of the pandemic and the number of companies and researchers developing COVID‐19 related therapies, FDA has created an emergency program to move potential treatments with already approved drugs to patients as quickly as possible in parallel to the development of new drugs that must first pass the clinical trials. In this manuscript, we have reviewed the available literature on the use of sequence‐specific degradation of viral genome using short‐interfering RNA (siRNA) suggesting it as a possible treatment against SARS‐CoV‐2. Delivery of siRNA can be promoted by the use of FDA approved lipids, polymers or lipid‐polymer hybrids. These nanoparticulate systems can be engineered to exhibit increased targetability and formulated as inhalable aerosols.
Effect of Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Education on Parents of Children with Gastrostomy
Authors: Suluhan Derya , Yildiz Dilek , Surer Ilhami , Fidanci Eren Berna , Balamtekin Necati 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundSuccess in long‐term enteral feeding is, in part, dependent on careful selection of the appropriate enteral access device and placement technique together with proper maintenance and care. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education on satisfaction with gastrostomy tube feeding, quality of life, caregiver burden, and anxiety.MethodsA quasi‐experimental, pretest and posttest research design without a control group was used. A total 78 mothers were included in the study. The child and parent data form, Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale, Satisfaction Questionnaire with Gastrostomy Feeding (SAGA‐8), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), 36‐Item Short‐Form quality‐of‐life scale (SF‐36), complication control form, and the gastrostomy care skill assessment checklist were used.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in participants’ burden as caregivers (anxiety, P < .001) and a significant increase in positive outcomes in caregivers’ satisfaction with gastrostomy feeding and in the physical component summary and mental component summary scores (P < .05). Posteducation, the mean score of subdimensions showed increases (P < .05).ConclusionThe intervention increased positive outcomes and decreased negative outcomes for caregivers during the first 3 months postgastrostomy placement.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of effects of psychosocial interventions on spiritual well‐being in adults with cancer
Authors: McLouth Laurie E. , Ford C. Graham , Pustejovsky James E. , Park Crystal L. , Sherman Allen C. , Trevino Kelly , Salsman John M. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveSpiritual well‐being (SpWb) is an important dimension of health‐related quality of life for many cancer patients. Accordingly, an increasing number of psychosocial intervention studies have included SpWb as a study endpoint, and may improve SpWb even if not designed explicitly to do so. This meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated effects of psychosocial interventions on SpWb in adults with cancer and tested potential moderators of intervention effects.MethodsSix literature databases were systematically searched to identify RCTs of psychosocial interventions in which SpWb was an outcome. Doctoral‐level rater pairs extracted data using Covidence following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Standard meta‐analytic techniques were applied, including meta‐regression with robust variance estimation and risk‐of‐bias sensitivity analysis.ResultsForty‐one RCTs were identified, encompassing 88 treatment effects among 3883 survivors. Interventions were associated with significant improvements in SpWb (g= 0.22, 95% CI [0.14, 0.29],p< 0.0001). Studies assessing the FACIT‐Sp demonstrated larger effect sizes than did those using other measures of SpWb (g= 0.25, 95% CI [0.17, 0.34], vs.g= 0.10, 95% CI [−0.02, 0.23],p= 0.03]. No other intervention, clinical, or demographic characteristics significantly moderated effect size.ConclusionsPsychosocial interventions are associated with small‐to‐medium‐sized effects on SpWb among cancer survivors. Future research should focus on conceptually coherent interventions explicitly targeting SpWb and evaluate interventions in samples that are diverse with respect to race and ethnicity, sex and cancer type.
Cardiopulmonary phenotypic variability and discordance in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Implications for new therapies
Authors: Birnkrant David J. , Carter John C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNeuromuscular respiratory medicine has traditionally focused on assisted lung ventilation and mucus clearance. These therapies have prolonged survival for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, the field is rapidly evolving in a new direction: it is being revolutionized by molecular and genetic therapies. A good correlation between a patient's dystrophin mutation and his cardiopulmonary phenotype would allow accurate prediction of patient prognosis and would facilitate the design of studies that assess new DMD therapies. Instead, patient prognosis and the design of valid therapeutic studies are complicated by cardiopulmonary phenotypic discordance and variability, by which a notable proportion of DMD patients have unexpectedly good or poor cardiopulmonary function. The likely cause of phenotypic variability and discordance is genetic modifiers. Once the modifiers that affect cardiopulmonary function are better understood, it should be possible to create a personalized genetic profile that accurately predicts the prognosis of each individual DMD patient. This would allow investigators to assess the effect of new therapies in the context of each patient's particular cardiopulmonary natural history. Amplification of beneficial cardiopulmonary genetic modifiers and blocking of detrimental modifiers is a promising strategy for creating new DMD therapies. When patients with chronic respiratory failure are treated with assisted ventilation, cardiac function determines their survival. Therefore, prioritizing new cardiac therapies is most likely to prolong patient survival. By focusing on these topics we aim to move neuromuscular respiratory medicine beyond assisted ventilation and coughing and into the age of translational medicine.
Circular prediction regions for miss distance models under heteroskedasticity
Authors: Johnson Thomas H. , Haman John T. , Wojton Heather , Freeman Laura 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCircular prediction regions are used in ballistic testing to express the uncertainty in shot accuracy. We compare two modeling approaches for estimating circular prediction regions for the miss distance of a ballistic projectile. The miss distance response variable is bivariate normal and has a mean and variance that can change with one or more experimental factors. The first approach fits a heteroskedastic linear model using restricted maximum likelihood, and uses the Kenward‐Roger statistic to estimate circular prediction regions. The second approach fits an analogous Bayesian model with unrestricted likelihood modifications, and computes circular prediction regions by sampling from the posterior predictive distribution. The two approaches are applied to an example problem, and are compared using simulation.