bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of health-related quality of life between the Han and Yi ethnicity elderly in the Yi autonomous areas of Yunnan Province
Authors: Ran Lingyun , Kong Hongqian , Du Mengqi , He Jianhui , Zhong Qiong , Ran Yuanyuan , Si Yanping , Zhang Jiang , Yao Cheng , Luo Huineng , Ye Qin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this research was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and functional abilities of Yi and Han elderly who resided in Yi Autonomous prefecture or Counties in Yunnan Province, as well as to compare their differences in HRQOL, functional abilities and other factors.

Methods
A total of 1636 older subjects, which included 863 Han and 773 Yi, were recruited from 10 Yi Autonomous regions. Their HRQOL and functional capabilities were assessed by the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales.

Results
The Han elderly performed better in every domain of SF-36 than the Yi elderly. Both of the two ethnic groups could perform their ADL independently but the Yi elderly showed greater dependency in IADL abilities. The HRQOL was positively associated with their ADL, IADL, and education levels. Moreover, age, health insurance status, and living arrangement were negatively correlated with HRQOL.

Conclusion
The HRQOL and IADL capabilities of the Han elderly were higher than that of the Yi counterparts in the Yi Autonomous regions. The HRQOL of both the two ethnic groups was positively connected with ADL, IADL abilities as well as education levels, whereas it was negatively correlated with age and health insurance. The elderly-care policy on the Yi autonomous areas should focus more on the HRQOL, ADL improvement, education background, age needs, and health insurance, etc.
Association between atopic disease and anemia in pediatrics: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rhew Kiyon , Oh Jung Mi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, are inflammatory diseases common in pediatric patients. This study investigated whether these inflammatory atopic diseases were associated with anemia in pediatrics.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pediatric dataset from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of South Korea in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for demographic covariates was used for analyse the association between atopic disease and iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Results
A total of 846,718 pediatric patients were included in the study. Of these, 19,594 (2.31%) had a diagnosis of IDA. The logistic regression analyses including covariates revealed there were association between atopic disease and IDA. The adjusted OR (aOR) of IDA was 1.42 (95% CI, 1.37–1.47) for atopic dermatitis, 1.25 (95% CI, 1.21–1.29) for allergic rhinitis, and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.65–1.76) for asthma. IDA was more prevalent in patients with multiple comorbid atopic diseases, with aOR of 1.30 (95% CI, 1.25–1.35), 1.81 (95% CI, 1.73–1.89), and 2.58 (95% CI, 2.43–2.73) for 1, 2, or 3 atopic diagnoses. There was no evidence of multicollinearity among covariates.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that atopic disease was associated with IDA. Further study is needed to clarify the distinction between IDA and/or AI to better understand the cause of anemia in patients with inflammatory diseases.
Mettl14 inhibits bladder TIC self-renewal and bladder tumorigenesis through N6-methyladenosine of Notch1
Authors: Gu Chaohui , Wang Zhiyu , Zhou Naichun , Li Guanru , Kou Yiping , Luo Yang , Wang Yidi , Yang Jinjian , Tian Fengyan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) emerges as one of the most important modification of RNA. Bladder cancer is a common cancer type in developed countries, and hundreds of thousands of bladder cancer patients die every year.

Materials and methods
There are various cells in bladder tumor bulk, and a small population cells defined as tumor initiating cells (TIC) have self-renewal and differentiation capacities. Bladder TICs drive bladder tumorigenesis and metastasis, and their activities are fine regulated. However, the role of N6-methyladenosine in bladder TIC self-renewal is unknown.

Results
Here, we found a decrease of N6-methyladenosine in bladder tumors and bladder TICs. N6-methyladenosine levels are related to clinical severity and outcome. Mettl14 is lowly expressed in bladder cancer and bladder TICs. Mettl14 knockout promotes the proliferation, self-renewal, metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of bladder TICs, and Mettl14 overexpression exerts an opposite role. Mettl14 and m6A modification participate in the RNA stability of Notch1 mRNA. Notch1 m6A modification inhibits its RNA stability. Notch1 plays an essential role in bladder tumorigenesis and bladder TIC self-renewal.

Conclusion
This work reveals a novel role of Mettl14 and N6-methyladenosine in bladder tumorigenesis and bladder TICs, adding new layers for bladder TIC regulation and N6-methyladenosine function.
Evaluation of the value of preoperative CYFRA21-1 in the diagnosis and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in conjunction with CA125
Authors: Jin Chunjing , Yang Minfeng , Han Xueqiao , Chu Haidan , Zhang Yan , Lu Meihong , Wang Zhonghui , Xu Xinxin , Liu Wenwen , Wang Feng , Ju Shaoqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGrowing evidence indicates that the tumor biomarker cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) is significant for a variety of cancers. However, its role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has rarely been reported. In this study, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to estimate the diagnostic efficiency of CYFRA21-1. The correlation between the CYFRA21-1 level and prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariable and multivariable analyses. The relationship between serum CYFRA21-1 levels and different clinicopathological variables was also analyzed. At the same time, the standard serum marker cancer antigen 125 (CA125) was measured. The results demonstrated that CYFRA21-1 expression was significantly increased in EOC compared with expression in benign ovarian diseases and healthy controls, which was similar to CA125 (P < 0.001). CYFRA21-1 expression was positively correlated with CA125 (r = 0.201; P = 0.0032). CYFRA21-1 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and ascites (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the median survival time of EOC patients with high CYFRA21-1 expression was 42 months, compared with 54 months in the low CYFRA21-1 expression patients by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P < 0.05), while the high and low CA125 expression groups had no difference in median survival time. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that CYFRA21-1 was a poor prognostic factor associated with overall survival (OS), while CA125 was not. Our study indicates that CYFRA21-1 acts as a good complementary diagnostic biomarker and may be superior to CA125 as a prognostic indicator in EOC.
Geospatial mapping and resource utilization tool in support of a national smoke-free public housing rule
Authors: Tetlow Sonia , Gurbaxani Brian , Graffunder Corinne , Owen Connor , Tran Diem , Zhao Jiali , Rodriguez Jose A. , Ahn Aaron , Choe Kristie , Mummigatti Vishal , Vedula Divya , Hayes Kathleen , Kelly Miriam , McNabb Simon , Swann Julie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective
To advance public health support for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s smoke-free rule, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated with the Georgia Institute of Technology to develop a geospatial mapping tool. The objective was to create a tool state and local public health agencies could use to tailor smoke-free educational materials and cessation interventions for specific public housing development resident populations.

Results
The resulting “Extinguish Tool” includes an interactive map of U.S. public housing developments (PHDs) and healthcare facilities that provides detailed information on individual PHDs, their proximity to existing healthcare facilities, and the demographic characteristics of residents. The tool also estimates the number of PHD residents who smoke cigarettes and calculates crude estimates of the potential economic benefits of providing cessation interventions to these residents. The geospatial mapping tool project serves as an example of a collaborative and innovative public health approach to protecting the health and well-being of the nation’s two million public housing residents, including 760,000 children, from the harms of tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in the places where they live, play, and gather.
Pleural effusion as an atypical presentation of Kawasaki disease: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Arslanoglu Aydin Elif , Demir Selcan , Aydin Orkun , Bilginer Yelda , Ozen Seza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Kawasaki disease is an acute, febrile vasculitis of childhood that affects medium-sized arteries, predominantly the coronary arteries. It is a multisystem disease; therefore, it may present with non-cardiac findings of disease.

Case presentation
Here, we report the case of 7-year-old Turkish girl who presented with symptoms of fever, chest pain, and vomiting, who was diagnosed as having Kawasaki disease. We also present a literature review on pulmonary involvement due to Kawasaki disease.

Conclusion
Pediatricians should consider the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease in the presence of pneumonia and pleural effusion that is nonresponsive to antibiotic therapy. This will prevent delay in diagnosis and the adverse consequences of the disease.
Effect of Nano-SiO2, Nano-TiO2 and Nano-Al2O3 Addition on Fluid Loss in Oil-Well Cement Slurry
Authors: Maagi Mtaki Thomas , Lupyana Samwel Daud , Gu Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this article, incorporation of nano-SiO2 (NS), nano-TiO2 (NT) and nano-Al2O3 (NA) particles and their binary and ternary blends on water filtration in oil-well cement slurry was examined. The nanoparticle contents were chosen at proportions corresponding to 1, 2, 3 and 4% based on the weight of cement. The experimental specimens were tested at three various temperatures of 70, 80 and 90 °C using a gas pressure of 1000 psi. The quantity of water filtrate collected was measured in milliliter (mL) at 30 min after the test begins. The results consistently indicate that an additional of NS, NT and NA particles independently, reduced the loss of liquid in cement, and its performance varies with temperature and the nanoparticle dosages. The 3% NS usage delivered strong evidence in lessening fluid loss compared to the other results by reducing the loss up to 72%. When collective impact of nanomaterials was determined, the fluid retainment was also improved. The replacement of 4% NST reduced fluid loss by the most compared to NSA and NTA binary groups. In-case of ternary combination, NSTA showed a highest reduction of the water loss by 58–60% likened to the plain samples at the concentration of 4%. The key investigation of this paper clearly suggested that the efficacy of Class G cement having nanoparticles to trap its water is dependent on the nanoparticle contents. The lessening of water filtration might be explicated by the filling capability of nano-scale particles. Nanoparticles can plug the openings within the oil-well cement slurry matrix, thus promoting the retainability of water. Besides, nanoparticles quickens the hydration products by creating dense interlocking C–S–H gels for bridging cement grains and forming enclosed structure which can stop the liquid from escaping the slurry.
N-acetyl cysteine prevents pain and hypersensitivity of bleaching agents without affecting their aesthetic appeal; evidence from in vitro to animal studies and to human clinical trials
Authors: Wang Diana , Kaur Kawaljit , Paranjpe Avina , Lee Eric , Wasilewski Matthew , Sung Danielle , Han David , Sung Eric C. , Jewett Anahid 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTooth hypersensitivity and pain are undesirable side effects of bleaching agents in humans. The aim of this study is to implement strategies to counter such side effects, and to demonstrate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in countering the side effects of clinically used bleaching agents.MethodsIn a series of in vitro experiments, animal model studies, and human clinical trials, we demonstrate that NAC protects oral mucosa and teeth from damage induced by bleaching agents.ResultsThe addition of NAC along with clinically used bleaching agents to dental pulp stromal/stem cells (DPSCs), stem-cells of apical papillae (SCAP) and oral epithelial cells, inhibited cell death mediated by bleaching agents in several in vitro assays. In addition, rat teeth, when treated with chair-side or over-the-counter bleaching agents, exerted adverse side effects to pulpal and gingival tissues as evidenced by the white lesions of gingivae as well as decreased survival and function of DPSCs. These side effects of bleaching agents were greatly mitigated by the application of NAC to the surfaces of the teeth and to the oral mucosa. NAC protected the surface topography and the appearance of the tissues after bleaching using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Finally, application of NAC prior to the bleaching demonstrated significant translational benefit for the patients since it ameliorated pain and hypersensitivity and protected gingivae from bleaching induced white lesions and improved inflammatory index in the oral mucosa in human clinical trials.ConclusionsTherefore, application of NAC to the surfaces of the teeth and oral mucosa prior to the use of bleaching materials is beneficial for countering adverse side effects of bleaching in patients and decreases pain, sensitivity, and potential damage to the dentition and oral mucosa associated with bleaching.Trial registrationNCT03534115(NAC Prevents Side-Effects of Teeth Bleaching). Registration 4 December 2014.
Low advance directive completion rates in hospitalized oncology patients: Room for improvement.
Authors: Konda Manojna , Ananthula Aneesha , Baltz Alan , Pandey Yadav , Mariam Roy Arya , Godbole Abhijit , Makhoul Issam , Moore Heather 
Published: November 2019

1 Background: Advance care planning (ACP), which includes advance directive (AD) completion, ensures that patients receive care that is consistent with their beliefs and preferences. ACP is particularly important to patients with cancer as they have high rates of hospitalization and mortality. However, AD completion rates for oncology patients have been reported to be as low as 10%. We sought to evaluate barriers and improve AD completion rates in hospitalized oncology patients in our institution. Methods: 63 patients with cancer admitted to our inpatient oncology unit were surveyed. A multi-disciplinary team, consisting of resident physicians and social workers, was constituted to educate patients and provide assistance with AD completion. Barriers to AD completion were identified and AD completion and filing rates on patients’ discharge were calculated. Results: Most patients were female (66.6%) with mean age of 63.8 years. Majority of patients had stage IV cancer (71.4%) and were receiving palliative treatment (80.9%). Only 9.5% (6/63) of the patients had completed AD on file. However, 92% of the patients had previously heard about AD. After intervention, the AD filing rate improved to 41.2% (26/63). Some of the patient-reported barriers were needing more time to discuss with family (28.5%), wanting to file in clinic (23.8%), too sick to make decision (6.3%) and did not think they needed it (4.7%). Conclusions: AD completion rate in hospitalized oncology patients in our institute was lower than anticipated. We identified the barriers and improved the AD filing rate, however there is room for further improvement. While AD discussion and filing should ideally be done in clinic, hospitalization is an opportunity that should not be missed to educate and assist completion of AD. [Table: see text]
Digital Supportive Care Awareness and Navigation (D-SCAN): Results of a pilot randomized trial.
Authors: LeBlanc Thomas William , Corbett Cheyenne , Davis Debra M. , Herring Kris , Locke Susan C. , Troy Jesse D , Wolf Steven , Zafar Yousuf , Atlee Darren , Chilcott Jack , Manassei Hugo , McCoy Colette , Mohan Sean , Pendergraft Trudy , Patierno Steven R. 
Published: November 2019

101 Background: Cancer patients face many supportive care needs. In crowded clinics with rising care complexity, clinicians struggle to assess and manage these needs. Duke Cancer Patient Support Program (DCPSP) services aim to bridge this gap, but many patients are unaware of these services. We hypothesized that a DCPSP mobile application (app) is a feasible approach to this problem. Methods: We developed an app to enhance DCPSP awareness and facilitate weekly symptom reporting (via the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale, ESAS). Based upon symptoms, the app presents information cards and recommendations for specific DCPSP services. We enrolled 50 patients with advanced cancer (2 arms; 25 app intervention, 25 control) and 10 caregivers to a 12-week pilot trial. The primary outcome was feasibility. Secondary measures assessed knowledge/engagement of DCPSP services, usability, satisfaction, quality of life (QoL), and activation. We interviewed a subset of participants about the experience. Results: Forty-five patients completed the study, exceeding our pre-determined feasibility threshold. Most patients were age 50-64; the most common cancers were breast (42%) and lung (18%). Knowledge/use of DCPSP services increased in both arms, with a larger trend in the intervention arm (2.5 vs 4.0 composite score increase). App patients (n=25) completed a median of 7 ESAS surveys for an overall response rate of 57%. The most commonly-reported moderate/severe symptoms were fatigue (40%), drowsiness (22%), and pain (20%), with 54% of surveys from 23 of 25 patients reporting at least one moderate/severe symptom. These patients averaged 20 app interactions versus 9 interactions for those without a moderate/severe symptom. Satisfaction scores were high, and qualitative feedback was positive. We found no differences in QoL or patient activation across study arms. Caregivers had significant improvement in awareness/use of services (median increase 4.5, p=0.01). Conclusions: The D-SCAN app is a feasible approach to augmenting supportive care awareness and navigation, with high satisfaction and usability scores. The trend towards enhanced awareness and engagement of DCPSP services in app utilizers warrants further testing. Clinical trial information: NCT03628794.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment in lung cancer and hematologic malignancy.
Authors: Farmer Zachary Luke , Caprio Anthony James , Induru Raghava Reddy , Parala-Metz Armida , Cooper Markecia Kanese , Lankford Joanna Edeker , Kneuss Tiffany Gabrielle , Knight Thomas Gregory , Haggstrom Daniel Ernest 
Published: November 2019

122 Background: The incidence of cancer in patients older than 65 is nearly tenfold higher than in their younger counterparts. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is recommended for cancer patients > 65 years, as it can more reliably assess underlying function and predict tolerance to anticancer therapy. We reviewed data for patients with lung cancer and hematologic malignancies who completed comprehensive geriatric assessment by the Senior Oncology Section within the Levine Cancer Institute. Methods: From 2015 to 2019 Levine Cancer Institute (LCI) providers performed 96 CGAs in lung cancer patients and 58 in patients with hematologic malignancy, many of the latter being evaluated for bone marrow transplantation. Data was incorporated into an LCI Senior Oncology Clinic Database using the REDCap secure web application, allowing both quantitative and qualitative data analysis. Results: Median ages were 80 in lung cancer and 67 in hematologic malignancy. The lung cancer patients had a slower gait than patients with hematologic malignancy (0.8 m/s versus 1.3 m/s). Lung cancer patients also had a longer median timed up and go (TUG) test of 13 seconds, versus 8 seconds in hematologic malignancy. Considerably more lung cancer patients had experienced a fall within the preceding six months (32 (33%) versus 9 (16%)). The median Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric (CIRS-G) total score was significantly higher in lung than in hematologic malignancy (14 versus 8), indicating a higher degree of comorbid illness. Cognitive functioning was comparable between the two groups, with median Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores of 25 in lung and 26 in hematologic malignancy. Conclusions: Lung cancer patients undergoing CGA had more comorbid illnesses, slower gait speed and timed up and go, and more falls in the preceding 6 months than hematologic malignancy patients. Overall cognitive functioning was not significantly different between the two groups. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly lung cancer patients. [Table: see text]
Microsphere oxycodone for pain management in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients receiving radiotherapy.
Authors: McDonald Andrew Michael , Spencer Sharon , Willey Christopher Douglas , Bonner James A. , Swain Thomas A , Nabell Lisle , McCammon Susan , Carroll William , McGwin Gerald , Bhatia Smita , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin 
Published: November 2019

123 Background: Pain is a common adverse effect of RT in patients with HNC, and extended release analgesic options are limited due to high rates of dysphagia. Wax microsphere bound oxycodone was developed as an abuse-deterrent opioid and maintains a similar pharmacokinetic profile whether administered with or without an intact capsule. We hypothesized that microsphere oxycodone could be used for extended release analgesia in patients undergoing RT for HNC and would not need to be discontinued due to dysphagia or gastrostomy tube dependence. Methods: We performed an open-label prospective clinical trial (NCT03317730) to assess the feasibility of microsphere oxycodone for extended release analgesia during RT for HNC. Participants were > 18y, had histologically confirmed HNC, and were to receive > 50 Gy of RT. Analgesia was prescribed in accordance with the World Health Organization pain ladder. Non-opioid and immediate release opioids were used at the discretion of the treating physicians. Microsphere oxycodone was initiated when total daily opioid dose exceeded 30mg morphine sulfate equivalent and was titrated weekly during RT. The primary feasibility endpoint was frequency of microsphere oxycodone discontinuation within 3 months of RT for reasons other than pain resolution. Secondary endpoints included pain level during RT. Results: Twenty-six eligible patients were enrolled between June and November, 2018. Microsphere oxycodone was initiated in 13 (50%) patients at a median of 5 weeks after beginning RT (range: 0 – 7 weeks). The mean Brief Pain Index Severity composite score at time of microsphere oxycodone initiation was 5.4 (SD ±2.0) and was 4.8 (SD ±1.5) during the final week of RT ( p= 0.21). Six patients utilized a gastrostomy tube to administer microsphere oxycodone for all or part of RT. Microsphere oxycodone was discontinued in 1 (7.6%) patient due to perceived inefficacy, 0 patients due to toxicity, and 0 patients due to difficulty with administration. Conclusions: These results support the feasibility and safety of microsphere oxycodone for extended release analgesia in patients with HNC undergoing RT. Future research should compare microsphere oxycodone and transdermal fentanyl in this population. Clinical trial information: NCT03317730.