bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of quantitative assessment of indocyanine green fluorescent imaging in a one-vessel model
Authors: Duprée Anna , Rieß Henrik C. , von Kroge Philipp H. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Debus Eike S. , Mann Oliver , Pinnschmidt Hans O. , Russ Detlef , Detter Christian , Wipper Sabine H. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives
Evaluation of intestinal perfusion remains subjective and depends on the surgeon´s individual experience. Intraoperative quality assessment of tissue perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence using a near-infrared camera system has been described in different ways and for different indications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate fluorescent imaging (FI) in the quantitative assessment of intestinal perfusion in a gastric tube model in pigs and to compare the results to results obtained with florescent microspheres (FM), the gold standard for tissue perfusion.

Methods
Seven pigs (56.0±3.0 kg), both males and females, underwent gastric tube formation after transection and ligation of the gastric arteries, except the right gastroepiploic artery, to avoid collateral blood flow.
After baseline assessment (T0), hypotension (T1) was induced by propofol (Karampinis et al 2017) (< 60 mmHg). Then, propofol was paused to obtain normotension (T2, Mean arterial pressure (MAP) 60–90 mmHg). Finally, hypertension (T3, MAP>90 mmHg) was induced by norepinephrine.
Measurements were performed in three regions of interest (ROIs) under standardized conditions: the fundus (D1), corpus (D2), and prepyloric area (D3). Hemodynamic parameters and transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) in the right gastroepiploic artery were continuously assessed. FI, FM and the partial pressure of tissue oxygen (TpO2) were quantified in each ROI.

Results
The study protocol could successfully be performed during stable hemodynamics. Flow in the gastroepiploic artery measured by transit time flow measurement (TTFM) was related to hemodynamic changes between the measurements, indicating improved blood flow with increasing MAP. The distal part of the gastric tube (D1) showed significantly (p<0.05) impaired perfusion compared to the proximal parts D3 and D2 using FM. ICG-FI also showed the highest values in D3 and the lowest values in D1 at all hemodynamic levels (T1-T3; p<0,05).

Conclusion
Visual and quantitative assessment of gastric tube perfusion is feasible in an experimental setting using ICG-FI. This might be a promising tool for intraoperative assessment during visceral surgery in the future.
Burnout among medical students in Cyprus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nteveros Antonios , Kyprianou Marios , Artemiadis Artemios , Charalampous Antrianthi , Christoforaki Kallistheni , Cheilidis Stephanos , Germanos Orestis , Bargiotas Panagiotis , Chatzittofis Andreas , Zis Panagiotis 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesThe primary aim was to estimate the burnout prevalence among all medical students at the Medical School of the University of Cyprus. Secondary aims were to ascertain the predictors of burnout and its relationship with lifestyle habits, sleep quality and mental health.BackgroundBurnout in the healthcare sector has drawn significant scientific attention over the last few years. Recent research underscored the large burden of profession-related burnout among medical students.Materials and methodsAn anonymous questionnaire was administered to all 189 eligible candidates. This included demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Sleep quality was assessed via the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, mental health was assessed via the mental health (MH) domain of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI-SS).ResultsOverall response rate was 96.3%. The burnout prevalence was 18.1%. There was a significant linear effect of between the year of studies and the burnout frequency [F(1) = 5.09, p = 0.024], implying that with increasing academic year there were more students with burnout, especially after the 4th year of education which signifies the beginning of clinical education. Students with burnout were more likely to have poor sleep quality (90.9% vs. 60.8%, odds ratio 4.33, p = 0.023) and worse mental health (MH score 40.2 ± 17.7 vs 62.9 ± 20.3, p<0.001). Alcohol consumers had more symptoms of cynicism and less feelings of efficacy than non-alcohol consumers. Moreover, less feelings of efficacy were significantly associated with more alcohol consumption among alcohol consumers.ConclusionsBurnout is prevalent in medical students and increases significantly during the clinical years. Students with burnout have worse sleep and mental health and might use alcohol as a coping mechanism. Implementing prevention strategies of burnout may be beneficial.
Predictors of maternal parenting self-efficacy for infants and toddlers: A Jordanian study
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan 
Published: November 2020

Aim
This study aimed to investigate the predictors of maternal parenting self-efficacy when the children concerned are in the early years of life.

Method
A descriptive-analytical research study was carried out among 213 women who were in the early months of the postpartum period and attending healthcare facilities in Irbid, Jordan. The State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and the Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP S-E) tool were used to collect the data.

Results
A significant correlation was found between the scores in self-efficacy and the quality of marriage relations (B = 3.56, P = 001), family income (B = 1.97, P = .05), employment (B = 4.027, P = .027), education (B = 2.48, P = .004), and living with extended family (B = 5.28, P = .02).

Conclusion
The findings of this study show that MPSE is significantly associated with various predictors. These predictors are the mother’s education, income, whether she lives with extended family, her quality of marriage, and her employment. Maternal anxiety was found not to be a predictor for MPSE and this may explain other factors such as social support and living with extended family.

Implication
It is essential for nurses to understand maternal parenting self-efficacy, therefore, including the concept of maternal parenting self-efficacy in nursing curricula can help raise awareness of this important concept. Understanding maternal parenting self-efficacy is necessary for nurses to evaluate the mothers’ parenting self-efficacy.
Trend and determinants of anemia change among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia: A multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Yalew Melaku , Adane Bezawit , Damtie Yitayish , Kefale Bereket , Arefaynie Mastewal , Yasin Toyeb 
Published: November 2020

Background
Even though anemia was highly targeted in different global strategies, many pregnant and/or lactating women and children were suffering from it and its complications. Besides this, prior trend analysis has not been conducted among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the trend and determinants of anemia change among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia.

Methods
The study utilized two consecutive Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) datasets. A total of 6,106 and 5,641 pregnant and/or lactating women in 2011 and 2016 survey respectively were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed by using Stata version 14.0. Logit based decomposition analysis was done to identify contributing factors for anemia change and statistical significance was determined by using P-value.

Results
The trend of anemia was increased from 19% in 2011 to 29% in 2016 EDHS. The analysis revealed that, 8% of the overall change in anemia was because of the change in women’s composition. Changes in the composition of pregnant and/or lactating women according to region, economic status and tobacco and/or cigarette use were the major sources of the change. Greater than 90% of the increase in anemia was due to differences in the coefficient. Mostly, the change in behaviors of the Amhara population, those who had a history of terminated pregnancy and use tobacco and/or cigarette were the sources of the change.

Conclusions
Anemia among pregnant and/or lactating women was increased against government interventions over the last half-decade in Ethiopia. Programmatic interventions targeting Somali and Dire Dawa regions are still needed to decrease anemia.
Neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Madlala Hlengiwe P. , Myer Landon , Malaba Thokozile R. , Newell Marie-Louise 
Published: November 2020

Background
Evidence shows that antiretroviral (ART) exposure is associated with neurodevelopmental delays in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. However, there are few insights into modifiable maternal and child factors that may play a role in improving neurodevelopment in HEU children. We used a parent-centric neurodevelopment tool, Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) to examined neurodevelopment in HEU children at 12–24 months of age, and associations with maternal and child factors.

Methods
505 HIV-infected women (initiated ART pre- or during pregnancy) with live singleton births attending primary health care were enrolled; 355 of their HEU children were assessed for neurodevelopment (gross motor, fine motor, communication, problem solving and personal-social domains) at 12–24 months using age-specific ASQ administered by a trained fieldworker. Associations with maternal and child factors were examined using logistic regression models.

Results
Among mothers (median age 30 years, IQR, 26–34), 52% initiated ART during pregnancy; the median CD4 count was 436 cells/μl (IQR, 305–604). Most delayed neurodevelopment in HEU children was in gross (9%) and fine motor (5%) functions. In adjusted models, maternal socio-economic status (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.24–0.76) was associated with reduced odds of delayed gross-fine motor neurodevelopment. Maternal age ≥35 years (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.89) and maternal body mass index (BMI) <18.5 (aOR 6.76, 95% CI 1.06–43.13) were associated with delayed communication-problem-solving-personal-social neurodevelopment. There were no differences in odds for either domain by maternal ART initiation timing.

Conclusions
Delayed neurodevelopment was detected in both gross and fine motor functions in this cohort of HEU children, with strong maternal predictors that may be explored as potentially modifiable factors associated with neurodevelopment at one to two years of age.
Zintegrowany system wsparcia studentów we współczesnej edukacji – dobre praktyki
Authors: Kot-Radojewska Magdalena 
Published: November 2020

The paper argues about the role of higher education not only in terms of knowledge transfer andacquisition of vocational skills among young people, that is, the creation of qualified human capital for the needs of the economy, but also in terms of implementation of the educational role of the university, one currently underrated. It is aimed at the education of creative, open-minded, responsible graduates, capable of understanding a dynamically changing reality, able to adapt to changes flexibly, and accept responsibility for their own development. The article presents an example of good practices in the field of comprehensive student support in higher education as developed by the University of Dąbrowa Górnicza. This approach, in addition to improving the professional potential of students, is also focused on forming their values, goals, attitudes and beliefs which will significantly affect their behavior and the way they use the acquired knowledge in the future.
Serum insulin is associated with right ventricle function parameters and lung volumes in subjects free of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Krüchten Ricarda von , Lorbeer Roberto , Rospleszcz Susanne , Storz Corinna , Askani Esther , Kulka Charlotte , Rathmann Wolfgang , Peters Annette , Karrasch Stefan , Bamberg Fabian , Schlett Christopher , Mujaj Blerim 
Published: November 2020

Background
Diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Even impaired levels of glucose and insulin might harm organ function prior to diabetes onset. Whether serum glucose or insulin plays a direct role in cardiac dysfunction or lung volume reduction remains unclear. The aim was to investigate the relationship between glucose and insulin with the right ventricle and lung volumes within KORA-MRI FF4 study.

Methods
From the KORA-MRI FF4 cohort study 337 subjects (mean age 55.7 ± 9.1 years; 43% women) underwent a whole-body 3T MRI scan. Cardiac parameters derived from a cine-steady-state free precession sequence using cvi42. MRI-based lung volumes derived semi-automatically using an in-house algorithm. Fasting serum glucose, fasting insulin levels, and HOMA index were calculated in all study subjects. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between glucose and insulin levels with right ventricle volumes and lung volumes adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results
In univariate and multivariate-adjusted models, high serum insulin was inversely associated with end-diastolic volume (β = −12.43, P < 0.001), end-systolic volume (β = −7.12, P < 0.001), stroke volume (β = −5.32, P < 0.001), but not with ejection fraction. The association remained significant after additional adjustment for lung volumes. Similarly, serum insulin was inversely associated with lung volume (β = −0.15, P = 0.04). Sensitivity analysis confirmed results after excluding subjects with known diabetes.

Conclusions
Serum insulin was inversely associated with right ventricle function and lung volumes in subjects from the general population free of cardiovascular disease, suggesting that increased insulin levels may contribute to subclinical cardiopulmonary circulation impairment.
El aula como laboratorio de experimentación visual
Authors: Lara Osuna Rocío 
Published: November 2020

El presente ensayo visual trata de mostrar algunas soluciones a dos problemáticas relacionadas con la tríada ‘Arte - Educación - Tecnología’. La primera es la desconexión existente entre los contenidos que se imparten en las asignaturas de Educación Artística en relación a las nuevas visualidades o formas de creación artística vinculadas a las nuevas tecnologías. La segunda es la falta de aprovechamiento de los recursos tecnológicos disponibles en las aulas en relación a la enseñanza de las artes visuales.
El punto de partida para resolver estas carencias se sitúa en los proyectores como recursos tecnológicos eminentemente visuales que se pueden en contrar en la mayoría de los centros educativos y que a su vez son la base de las creaciones contemporáneas que utilizan la Projection-Based Augmented Reality (PBAR) [Realidad Aumentada Basada en la Proyección].
Tomando como referencia algunas ideas didácticas del cineasta granadino José Val del Omar (1904-1982), se detallan seis ejemplos que proponen la adopción de estrategias educativas basadas en la experimentación con estas tecnologías en la formación inicial del profesorado, transformando el aula en un laboratorio en el que el aprendizaje se acerca a los procesos creativos de las y los artistas profesionales.
Por último, es importante destacar que las imágenes que poseen un marco con línea discontinua gris contienen un hipervínculo que permiten acceder a once videoensayos que amplían la información visual de cada apartado.
Low Grip Strength As a Predictor of Recovery From Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)
Authors: Gong Long , Ping Yi , Mingsheng Tan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Some patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA), continue to experience pain, limitations of activities of daily living, even when no specific prosthesis-related technical problem or failure can be identified, and mechanical or biologic problems have been ruled out. This study aims to assess whether low grip strength (GS) is predictive for the bad results after THA.METHODS: A prospective case-control study was designed to assess 202 cases of primary THA between Jan 1, 2018, to May 1, 2018, at an urban tertiary care hospital. Patients were placed into two cohorts based on preoperative GS levels. Differences in length of stay (LOS), 90-day postoperative complications, and hospital readmissions were compared. Besides, the correlations between GS and Harris hip score (HHS) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) score were tested. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients (40.6%) had low GS before THA. Patients with low GS were more likely to be female, older, fracture of femoral head or neck as the primary cause, albumin < 3.5 g/dL, and have a lower body mass index (BMI), higher ASA score, increased rates of the pressure sore, blood transfusion, and LOS compared to normal GS (all p<0.05). Besides, differences in 90-day postoperative complications and hospital readmissions and positive correlations between GS and HHS and SF-12 scores were detected (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: GS can serve as a useful indicator for assessing muscle weakness before primary THA. Clinicians should be encouraged to include GS assessment in their evaluation of patients who planned to undergo THA in order to optimize the treatment of high-risk individuals.
In-Situ Electrochemical Behaviour of Biocathode Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
Authors: Ramana S. Venkata , Cordas Cristina M. , Matias Sara C. , Fonseca Luis Joaquim Pina da 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the present work the electrochemical behaviour of microbial cells from a biocathode microbial fuel cell (MFC) functioning with wastewater was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. In-situ electrochemical assays were performed and, under the tested experimental conditions, the biocathode medium was found to be the most efficient for the cathodic catalysed electrochemical reduction of oxygen. Different controls using sterile media and membranes covering the electrodes were performed and compared with the regular biocathode results. In the biocathode chamber, the presence of bacteria was associated with the enhanced active redox processes and with the higher electrochemical reduction of oxygen activity. The present study is a contribution to the understanding of the viability and advantages of the biocathodes use in MFC.
A low RENAL Nephrometry Score Can Avoid the Need for the Intraoperative Insertion of a Ureteral Catheter in Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Nishimura Kenichi , Sawada Yuichi , Sugihara Naoya , Funaki Keisuke , Koyama Kanae , Noda Terutaka , Fukumoto tetsuya , Miura Noriyoshi , Miyauchi yuuki , Kikugawa Tadahiok , Saika Takashi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIntraoperative urinary collecting system entry (CSE) in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) may cause postoperative urinary leakage and extend the hospitalization. Therefore, identifying and firmly closing the entry sites are important for preventing postoperative urine leakage. In RAPN cases expected to require CSE, we insert a ureteral catheter and inject dye into the renal pelvis to identify the entry sites. We retrospectively analyzed the factors associated with intraoperative CSE in RAPN and explored the indications of intraoperative ureteral catheter indwelling in RAPN.MethodsOf 104 Japanese patients who underwent RAPN at our institution from August 2016 to March 2020, 101 were analyzed. The patients were classified into CSE and non-CSE groups. The patients’ background characteristics, RENAL Nephrometry Score (RNS) and surgical outcomes were analyzed.ResultsIntraoperative CSE was observed in 41 patients (41%). The CSE group had a significantly longer operative time, console time ischemic time, and hospital stay than the non-CSE group. In a multivariable analysis, the N-score (odds ratio [OR]=3.9, P<0.05) and RNS total score excluding the L-score (OR=3.1, P<0.05) were associated with CSE. In a logistic regression analysis, CSE showed a moderate correlation with the RNS total score (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.818, cut-off: 7, sensitivity: 0.80, specificity: 0.68) and RNS total score excluding the L-score (AUC: 0.848, cut-off: 5, sensitivity: 0.83, specificity: 0.73). ConclusionA ureteral catheter should not be placed in patients with an RNS total score ≤6 or RNS total score excluding the L-score of 3 or 4.
Substance Use among Undergraduate Students at Mizan-Tepi University in Ethiopia: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Its Effect on Health and Academic Performance
Authors: Yosef Tewodros , Getachew Dawit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, substance use among undergraduate students is a major public health problem and over 29 million people worldwide suffer from substance-related disorders. The use of substances is a growing concern in Ethiopia, in a particular college and university students are the most at risk of substance use and their impacts on the younger generation have become a great concern. Despite some shreds of evidence are available regarding substance use, the problem is not well studied among these groups of the population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors, and health and academic effects of substance use among undergraduate students at Mizan-Tepi University in Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 544 regular undergraduate students of Mizan-Tepi University in Ethiopia. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered structured questionnaire. The data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. The level of significance in the multivariable logistic regression analysis was declared at a p-value < 0.05.Results: Of the 544 respondents interviewed, the lifetime and current prevalence of substance use among students in Mizan-Tepi University was 62.5% and 27.9% respectively. The most common reported lifetime and current substance use was alcohol drinking with 42.6% and 23% respectively. The study also found that being male (AOR=3.01, 95% CI [1.64-5.53]), being Muslim (AOR=3.13, 95% CI [1.64-5.96]), from urban residence (AOR=3.12, 95% CI [3.01-5.31]), having divorced/separated parents (AOR=3.08, 95% CI [1.64-5.79]), having family substance use (AOR=7.98, 95% CI [5.52-11.6]) and peer substance use (AOR=4.33, 95% CI [2.68-7.26]) were the factors significantly associated with current substance use.Conclusion: The current prevalence of substance use was substantially higher. We can say that substance use is a public health problem among university students in Ethiopia. Higher education institutions should consider designing programs to control substance use among students to improve their student's health and academic performance. Parents should closely monitor the behavior of their children by communicating with teachers.