bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of Prostate Specific Antigen variations in the last week of salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after surgery: A practical approach
Authors: Vigna‐Taglianti Riccardo , Boriano Alberto , Gianello Luca , Melano Antonella , Bergesio Fabrizio , Merlotti Anna Maria , Reali Alessia , Petrucci Rachele , Russi Elvio G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAbout a third of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer (Pca) develop a biochemical failure (BF) within 10 years from surgery, and about a half of them receive salvage radiation therapy (SRT). Factors to predict risk to relapse after SRT are still lacking. Dynamic models, based on the assessment of changes in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) postsurgery seem to show good reliability.AimsThe goal of the study was to identify a simple analytical method for the postsalvage radiation therapy biochemical failure (post‐SRTBF) prediction before the end of the SRT, regardless of the PSA value at the beginning of the treatment (PSA start), measuring the PSA values at the start and 1 week before the end of SRT.MethodsIn a series of 83 patients treated with SRT for BF of Pca we measured PSA values at the first day and 1 week before the end of SRT. These values were used to define an analytical method for the post‐SRTBF prediction.ResultsPSA value in patients without post‐SRTBF show a significant difference in term of difference during the SRT with respect to patients with post‐SRTBF. Starting from this difference, we identified a simple and practical analytical method for the post‐SRTBF prediction before the end of the SRT. The data corresponds with the model and the analytical method is highly predictive (Sensitivity = 81%, Specificity = 85%, Accuracy = 83%).ConclusionThis study offers a new tool to early predict Pca relapse overtime and to select patients who can benefit from an early additional systemic treatment.
The effect of desire thinking on facilitating beliefs in alcohol use disorder: An experimental investigation
Authors: Caselli Gabriele , Gemelli Antonella , Ferrari Cristina , Beltrami Daniela , Offredi Alessia , Ruggiero Giovanni M. , Sassaroli Sandra , Spada Marcantonio M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPermissive beliefs relate to the acceptability of engaging in alcohol use in spite of obvious potential negative consequences. They are considered the most proximal and precipitating cognitive factor in the decision to use alcohol and/or the activation of strategies to obtain it. Recent research suggested that ‘desire thinking’ may be involved in the escalation of craving and addictive behaviours and can play a role in strengthening permissive beliefs. The current study tested whether the induction of desire thinking would have a stronger effect on rate of conviction in permissive beliefs compared to a control cognitive response in the form of neutral thinking and whether this effect would be specific for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Thirty AUD patients and 30 social drinkers (SD) were randomly allocated to two thinking manipulation tasks (desire thinking and neutral thinking). Current permissive beliefs were measured before and after manipulation and after a resting phase. Findings showed that desire thinking increased the level of current permissive beliefs after manipulation relative to the neutral thinking condition for the AUD group but not for the SD group. This effect was not purely dependent on the concurrent level of perceived craving. This study supports a causal relationship between the induction of desire thinking and rate of conviction in permissive beliefs and highlights the relevance of targeting desire thinking in the treatment for AUD patients.
Scale‐dependent effects of host patch traits on species composition in a stickleback parasite metacommunity
Authors: Bolnick Daniel I. , Resetarits Emlyn J. , Ballare Kimberly , Stuart Yoel E. , Stutz William E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA core goal of ecology is to understand the abiotic and biotic variables that regulate species distributions and community composition. A major obstacle is that the rules governing species distributions can change with spatial scale. Here, we illustrate this point using data from a spatially nested metacommunity of parasites infecting a metapopulation of threespine stickleback fish from 34 lakes on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Like most parasite metacommunities, the composition of stickleback parasites differs among host individuals within each host population, and differs between host populations. The distribution of each parasite taxon depends, to varying degrees, on individual host traits (e.g., mass, diet) and on host‐population characteristics (e.g., lake size, mean host mass, mean diet). However, in most cases in this data set, a given parasite was regulated by different factors at the host‐individual and host‐population scales, leading to scale‐dependent patterns of parasite‐species co‐occurrence.
MDMH: An improved multi‐attribute decision‐making and highest response ratio next‐based computation offloading approach for wireless body area networks
Authors: Yuan Xiaoming , Zhao Zheyu , Wang Haiyang , Zhang Lin , Taherkordi Amir , Yu Hua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWireless body area networks (WBANs) collect health‐related vital signs of human body and provide real‐time and continuous healthy and physical recreation services. Mobile edge computing (MEC) and blockchain technology can significantly improve the quality of service, security, and privacy protection in WBANs. In this paper, we propose an improved computation offloading approach integrating multi‐attribute decision‐making and the highest response ratio next (HRRN) algorithm (MDMH) to optimize network performance and resource allocation in MEC‐enabled WBANs. When tasks are waiting in a queue for execution, the developed HRRN algorithm is designed to solve the starvation problem of low‐priority tasks. Moreover, we employ both analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the multi‐attribute decision‐making method to select the proper MEC server to guarantee better network performance in mobile scenarios. Comparing with other computation offloading approaches, the simulation results show that the proposed MDMH approach can effectively and efficiently reduce the traffic delay with different user priorities, optimize the communication and computing resource usage in WBANs, and achieve various energy saving goals.
Application of hyperspectral technology in detection of agricultural products and food: A Review
Authors: Zhu Min , Huang Dan , Hu Xin‐Jun , Tong Wen‐Hua , Han Bao‐Lin , Tian Jian‐Ping , Luo Hui‐Bo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFood is the foundation of human survival. With the development and progress of society, people increasingly focus on the problems of food quality and safety, which is closely related to human's health. Thus, the whole industrial chain from farmland to dining table need to be strictly controlled. Traditional detection methods are time‐consuming, laborious, and destructive. In recent years, hyperspectral technology has been more and more applied to food safety and quality detection, because the technology can achieve rapid and nondestructive detection of food, and the requirement to experimental condition is low; operability is strong. In this paper, hyperspectral imaging technology was briefly introduced, and its application in agricultural products and food detection in recent years was systematically summarized, and the key points in the research process were deeply discussed. This work lays a solid foundation for the peers to the following in‐depth research and application of this technology.
The effect of essential oils and their combinations on bacteria from the surface of fresh vegetables
Authors: György Éva , Laslo Éva , Kuzman Ildikó Hajnalka , Dezső András Csaba 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuring the study, we determined the antimicrobial activity of different selected essential oils (thyme, lemongrass, juniper, oregano, sage, fennel, rosemary, mint, rosehips, dill) on some pathogenic and spoilage bacteria isolated from the surface of various fresh vegetables. At the same time, in the case of some volatile oil combinations we followed the phenomena of synergism and antagonism. The identification of the isolated bacterial strains was made using 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The most resistant isolates appeared to be Curtobacterium herbarum, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Enterobacter ludwigii, while Pseudomonas hibiscicola was the most sensitive. Of the chosen plant essential oils, the most pronounced antimicrobial effect was detected in the case of oregano. The essential oils of thyme and mint also showed elevated antimicrobial activity. A synergistic effect was observed in case of five combinations of essential oil. Based on the results, we find that some individual essential oils and mixture compositions (due to synergic effect) could be good candidates for the preservation of fresh vegetables. These preliminary findings suggest that essential oils from locally grown spices could contribute to decreasing the health risk and also to the suppression of emergence of antibiotic resistance.
Fertility intentions among couples in Shanghai under COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhu Chenfeng , Wu Jiahao , Liang Yan , Yan Li , He Chuqing , Chen Luting , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate fertility intensions among couples in Shanghai under the novel coronavirus infection (COVID‐19) pandemic against the backdrop of persistently low fertility.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out using data from studies conducted before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic characteristics, history of reproduction and gynecology, fertility intention before and after the COVID‐19 pandemic, female psychological state, and the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on daily life.ResultsUnder the influence of COVID‐19, 296/447 (66.2%) participants did not change their original fertility intention to have children, while 151/447 (33.8%) of participants were affected by the outbreak. Participants who believed in government and hospital control policies were less likely to change their intention to become pregnant (P < 10–3, P < 10–3). In contrast, concerns about the impact of COVID‐19 on female and fetal health led participants to cancel their original pregnancy plans (P < 10−3).ConclusionThree in ten couples of childbearing age, who originally expressed their intention of becoming pregnant, canceled their pregnancy plans after the COVID‐19 outbreak. The COVID‐19 outbreak has brought new challenges to people’s physical and mental health. Effective policies and measures can help to improve people’s fertility intentions with respect to having children.
Prenatal diagnosis of double‐outlet right ventricle with tricuspid valve atresia, anomalous pulmonary vein connection, persistent left superior vena cava, and right atrial isomerism
Authors: Yilmaz Osman , Celik Ozge Yucel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDouble‐outlet right ventricle is a conotruncal cardiac disease in which both the aorta and the pulmonary artery predominantly or completely originate from the right ventricle. Here, we report a complex variant double‐outlet right ventricle detected in utero and identified on the basis of a segmental approach.
Sensitivity of trends to estimation methods and quantification of subsampling effects in global radiosounding temperature and humidity time series
Authors: SY Souleymane , Madonna Fabio , Rosoldi Marco , Tramutola Emanuele , Gagliardi Simone , Proto Monica , Pappalardo Gelsomina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClimate trends estimated using historical radiosounding time series may be significantly affected by the choice of the regression method to use, as well as by a subsampling of the dataset often adopted in specific applications. These are contributions to the uncertainty of trend estimations, which have been quantified in literature, although on specific pairs of regression methods, and in the not very recent past characterized by smaller trends in temperature than those observed over the last two decades. This paper investigates the sensitivity of trend estimations to four linear regression methods (parametric and nonparametric) and to the artificial subsampling of the same dataset using historical radiosounding time series from 1978 onwards, available in the version 2 of the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). Results show that long‐term decadal trends may have not negligible uncertainties related to the choice of the regression method, the percentage of data available, the amount of missing data and the number of stations selected in the dataset. The choice of the regression methods increases uncertainties in the decadal trends ranging from −0.10 to −0.01 K⋅da–1 for temperature in the lower stratosphere at 100 hPa and from 0.2 to 0.8% da–1 for relative humidity (RH) in the middle troposphere at 300 hPa. Differences can also increase up to 0.4 K⋅da–1 at 300 hPa when the amount of missing data exceeds 50% of the original dataset for temperature, while for RH, significant differences are observed in the lower troposphere at 925 hPa for almost all datasets. Finally, subsampling effects on trend estimation are quantified by artificially reducing the size of the IGRA dataset: Results show that subsampling effects on trend estimations when at least 60 stations, up to 76% of data available, are considered for temperature and at least 40 stations for RH.
The Effects of Pass/Fail USMLE Step 1 Scoring on the Otolaryngology Residency Application Process
Authors: Goshtasbi Khodayar , Abouzari Mehdi , Tjoa Tjoson , Malekzadeh Sonya , Bhandarkar Naveen D. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate how the decision to report United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 score as pass/fail will influence future otolaryngology residency application and match processes.Study DesignSurvey study.MethodsAn anonymous and voluntary survey approved by the Otolaryngology Program Directors Organization was administered to academic faculty members from April 24, 2020 through May 19, 2020.ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐seven surveys were received from department chairs (17.5%), program directors (24.1%), associate program directors (12.5%), and department faculty (45.9%). USMLE Step 1 has been the most heavily weighted metric for offering interviews (44.0%), and it has correlated with residents' medical knowledge (77.0%) and in‐service performance (79.8%) but not with surgical skills (57.6%) or patient care (47.1%). In total, 68.1% disagreed with the decision to make USMLE Step 1 pass/fail. This change is anticipated to lead to an increase in significance of USMLE Step 2 CK (89.1%), core clerkship grades (80.9%), elective rotation at the respective institutions (65.7%), Alpha Omega Alpha and other awards (64.6%), and letters of recommendation (63.8%). The new scoring is also anticipated to especially benefit students from top‐ranked schools (70.8%), increase medical students' anxiety/uncertainty regarding obtaining interview invites (59.1%), and negatively affect international (51.4%), doctor of osteopathic medicine (45.9%), and underrepresented students (36.9%). Indication that USMLE Step 2 CK will significantly increase in weight varied according to department position (P = .049), geographic region (P = .047), years of practice (P < .001), and residency program size (P = .002).ConclusionMost academic otolaryngologists disagreed with changing USMLE Step 1 scoring to pass/fail and believe that it will increase other objective/subjective metrics' weight and put certain student populations at a disadvantage.Level of Evidence: N/A. Laryngoscope, 131:E738–E743, 2021
A Phase 1 Randomized Trial of Specific Active α‐Synuclein Immunotherapies PD01A and PD03A in Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Meissner Wassilios G. , Traon Anne Pavy‐Le , Foubert‐Samier Alexandra , Galabova Gergana , Galitzky Monique , Kutzelnigg Alexandra , Laurens Brice , Lührs Petra , Medori Rossella , Péran Patrice , Sabatini Umberto , Vergnet Sylvain , Volc Dieter , Poewe Werner , Schneeberger Achim , Staffler Günther , Rascol Olivier ,   the AFF009 Study Investigators
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disease with limited symptomatic treatment options. Aggregation of α‐synuclein in oligodendrocytes is believed to be a central mechanism of the neurodegenerative process. PD01A and PD03A are 2 novel therapeutic vaccine candidates containing short peptides as antigenic moieties that are designed to induce a sustained antibody response, specifically targeting pathogenic assemblies of α‐synuclein. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate primarily the safety and tolerability of PD01A and PD03A in patients with early MSA. Thirty patients (11 women) were randomized to receive 5 subcutaneous injections of either PD01A (n = 12), PD03A (n = 12), or placebo (n = 6) in this patient‐ and examiner‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, 52‐week phase 1 clinical trial (ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT02270489). Immunogenicity and clinical scores were assessed as secondary objectives. Twenty‐nine patients reported a total of 595 treatment‐emergent adverse events (mild or moderate, n = 555; severe, n = 40). Treatment‐related adverse events included 190 injection‐site reactions typically observed in vaccination trials with similar per‐subject incidence in the treatment groups over time. Sustained IgG titers were observed in the PD01A‐treated group, and 89% of treated patients developed a PD01‐specific antibody response after receiving all injections. Induced antibodies displayed clear reactivity to the α‐synuclein target epitope. Titers and antibody responder rate (58%) were lower in the PD03A‐treated group. In conclusion, both PD01A and PD03A were safe and well tolerated. PD01A triggered a rapid and long‐lasting antibody response that specifically targeted the α‐synuclein epitope. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Associations of Gestational Weight Gain Rate During Different Trimesters with Early‐Childhood Body Mass Index and Risk of Obesity
Authors: Xiong Xin , Xia Wei , Li Yuanyuan , Xu Shunqing , Zhang Yaqi 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate the associations of gestational weight gain rate (GWGR) during different trimesters with offspring growth and overweight/obesity risk.MethodsThe study included 4,807 mother‐infant pairs enrolled in Wuhan, China. GWGR in each trimester was used as a continuous and a categorical variable to estimate the associations with offspring BMI z score (ZBMI) and overweight/obesity risk between 0 and 2 years.ResultsGreater GWGR (per 0.2 kg/wk) in the first, second, and third trimester was positively associated with offspring ZBMI across birth to 2 years old (β 0.06 [95% CI: 0.04‐0.09], β 0.13 [95% CI: 0.09‐0.16], and β 0.04 [95% CI: 0.02‐0.07], respectively). Excessive GWGR in the first trimester (≥ 0.30 kg/wk) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.18‐2.13) and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.11‐1.71) for macrosomia and 2‐year overweight/obesity, respectively. Excessive GWGR in the second trimester was associated with an OR of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.42‐3.08), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.02‐1.43), and 1.48 (95% CI: 1.15‐1.90) for macrosomia, 1‐year, and 2‐year overweight/obesity, respectively. Excessive GWGR in the third trimester was associated with an OR of 1.91 (95% CI: 1.27‐2.86) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.02‐1.72) for macrosomia and 2‐year overweight/obesity, respectively.ConclusionsExcessive GWGR in each trimester was positively associated with offspring ZBMI and early‐childhood overweight/obesity risk.
Exploration of CTNNB1 ctDNA as a putative biomarker for hepatoblastoma
Authors: Kahana‐Edwin Smadar , McCowage Geoffrey , Cain Lucy , Saletta Federica , Yuksel Aysen , Graf Nicole , Karpelowsky Jonathan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDriver mutations in the CTNNB1 gene (encoding β‐catenin) are a hallmark of sporadic hepatoblastoma (HBL). Our results show that CTNNB1 circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is readily detected in patients diagnosed with localised HBL, with serial sampling along the course of therapy and follow up providing a sensitive mechanism to monitor tumour dynamics and response to treatment. This exciting potential for CTNNB1 ctDNA to serve as a biomarker for treatment response in HBL holds clinical value, and requires assessment in a larger cohort of mixed tumour stages and recurrent disease.
Distributed event‐triggered nonfragile H∞ control for networked nonlinear systems with energy constraints and redundant channels: Observer‐based case
Authors: Arumugam Arunkumar , Liu Yurong , Rathinasamy Sakthivel , Venkatesh Nithya , Alsaadi Fuad E. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryAn event‐triggered nonfragile distributed H∞ control problem is considered in this article for a class of uncertain nonlinear networked control systems over sensor networks with random communication packet dropouts and redundant channels. Redundant channel transmission is utilized to model the communication measurement and to improve the reliability and quality of the communication data transmission services. In addition, measurement size reduction technique is applied to reduce the energy consumption. An event based transmission scheme is employed to reduce the network burden and energy consumption during the data communication from the sensor to the estimator. With known conditional probability distribution, the random packet losses are modeled as a Bernoulli distributed white sequences. A new set of sufficient conditions is established by using average dwell time approach to obtain the desired observer‐based distributed nonfragile controller with the H∞ performance requirements. Specifically, the explicit form of an observer‐based feedback parameters can be obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer‐based feedback approach, a numerical example is exploited.
TosMIC: A Powerful Synthon for Cyclization and Sulfonylation
Authors: Kumar Kapil 
Published: September 2020

Abstractp‐tosylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) which is also known as van Leusen's reagent hold the three functionalized groups including the isocyanide and sulfonyl group and an alpha carbon which is acidic by nature. Tosyl set of this fortunate reagent acts as a good leaving group and assist the alpha carbon to contribute in a range of cyclization strategies. Exceptionally, TosMIC was also proved as a good sulfonylating and sulfomethylating reagent. TosMIC has proved as a powerful and versatile synthon and betrothed in the synthesis of broad range of heterocycles having pharmacological interest. This review is focused on synthetic utility of TosMIC in diverse range of heterocycles like five membered heterocycles, fused heterocycles, linked or tethered heterocycles, spiro compounds etc. It is also utilized for regio, chemo and stereoselective synthesis and production of sulfones and sulfinates. It serves as an important building block in various synthetic methodologies like multi component reaction, cyclization, domino, cascade and cycloaddition and metal catalysed reactions. Various new catalyst and novel methodologies were explored due to enormous use of this wonderful reagent.