bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of cutaneous Trichosporon asahii infection in an immunocompromised child
Authors: Lee Elis Yuexian , Koh Mark Jean Aan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present an 11‐year‐old girl who developed neutropenic fever and papulonodular lesions over her limbs and back following chemotherapy for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. She was found to have cutaneous Trichosporon asahii infection, with no evidence of systemic infection, and responded to treatment with voriconazole. T. asahii infection is rare but often fatal and usually causes disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. Cutaneous infection is relatively uncommon and rarely occurs in the pediatric population.
Activity of selected glycosidases and availability of their substrates in bovine placenta during pregnancy and parturition with and without retained foetal membranes
Authors: Jamioł Monika , Wawrzykowski Jacek , Mojsym Wioleta , Hoedemaker Martina , Kankofer Marta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe activity of glycosidases is crucial for the function and biological activity of proteins conjugated with sugar moieties, which play an important role in adhesion of cells during attachment and detachment of the foetal membranes. The aim of study was to describe the ability of bovine placental tissues to break down O‐glycosidic bonds in different glycoproteins by the determination of activity of β‐galactosidase, α‐l‐fucosidase, β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidase and sialidase in early–mid‐pregnancy as well as at parturition with released and retained foetal membranes. Moreover, the availability of substrates for these glycosidases in placental homogenates was evaluated. Placental samples were collected from pregnant (2–4 months) cows in slaughterhouse (n = 8) as well as during Caesarean section and divided into released foetal membranes (n = 8) and retained foetal membranes (n = 8). Tissue homogenates were subjected to spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric determinations of enzyme activities as well as electrophoretic separations. Enzyme activities expressed changes within examined time with significant (p < .05) differences between pregnancy and physiological parturition in β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidase and α‐l‐fucosidase in foetal part of placenta while in maternal part only in the latter one. Decreasing tendency in enzyme activity was noticed in foetal part of retained samples in comparison with released ones with significant (p < .05) differences in α‐l‐fucosidase activity. The analysis of staining of sugar moieties attached to selected proteins depicted availability of sugar molecules in examined tissues, but their patterns differed between samples. In conclusion, sugar moieties in conjugated proteins express changes in the course of pregnancy which is reflected by the alterations in activities of placental glycosidases.
Senior Executives' Political Connections and Corporate Environmental Behavior—Empirical Research From the Chinese A‐Share Market
Authors: Zong Jiafeng , Guo Man , Lin Zongjian , Yang Qi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis thesis analyzed the cross‐section data of 630 non‐financial listed enterprises and adopts a logit model to estimate the relationships between political relations and corporate environmental behavior. The paper also adopts an ordered logit method to estimate the marginal impact of political connections to enterprises’ disclosure of information on environment and sustainable development. Through analysis, this thesis found that political connections lower the probability for enterprises to disclose information on environment and sustainable development. With the Level III scoring method, this article classified the performances of disclosing corporate environmental information into three levels. It is found that corporate political connections increase the probability for enterprises not to disclose any environmental information and lower the probability for enterprises to refer to GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.
Exploring Aggregate vs. Relative Public Trust in Administrative Agencies that Manage Spent Nuclear Fuel in the United States
Authors: Gupta Kuhika , Ripberger Joseph T. , Jenkins‐Smith Hank C. , Silva Carol L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTrust is a key component of democratic decision‐making and becomes even more salient in highly technical policy areas, where the public relies heavily on experts for decision making and on the information provided by federal agencies. Research to date has not examined whether the members of the public place different levels of trust in the various agencies that operate within the same policy subsystem, especially in a highly technical subsystem such as that of nuclear energy and waste management. This paper explores public trust in multiple agencies operating within the same subsystem, trust in each agency relative to aggregate trust across agencies that operate within the nuclear waste subsystem, and trust in alternative agencies that have been suggested as possible players in the decision‐making process. We find that trust accorded to different federal agencies within the nuclear waste subsystem varies. The variation in trust is systematically associated with multiple factors, including basic trust in government, perceptions about the risks and benefits of nuclear energy/waste management, party identification, and education. These findings have significant implications for research on public trust in specific government agencies, alternative policy entities, and for policy makers who want to design robust and successful policies and programs in highly technical policy domains.
Trade for the Environment: Transboundary Hazardous Waste Movements After the Basel Convention
Authors: Yang Shiming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInternational institutions are important regulators of the trade–environment relationship. Many of them deploy trade measures for environmental purposes, with mixed results. The Basel Convention is one case where trade restrictions have not succeeded in curbing movements of hazardous waste or protecting vulnerable countries from waste dumping. Current literature emphasizes North–South conflict under the Basel Convention as a main reason for these shortcomings. This paper returns to the fundamental question as to why countries engage in this trade. It contends that hazardous wastes are not only characterized by their environmental impacts, but are also distinct in the ways they are generated, distributed, and managed. I argue that global economic integration has commodified these wastes, and countries are increasingly diverging on their views of hazardous materials. This paper draws from the under‐utilized Basel Convention Database and other sources to piece together a holistic picture of the global hazardous waste movements. It identifies three types of countries with distinct trade orientations: industrialized countries trading the largest amounts of hazardous wastes and with considerable specialization; newly industrializing countries as influential players in hazardous waste generation and management; and least developed countries, which oppose waste trade yet suffer from waste dumping. As globalization deepens, management of hazardous wastes may require extensive trade of hazardous materials between countries of varying capabilities and interests. Contrary to its current trade minimization approach based on a crude North–South dichotomy, the Basel Convention may benefit from an approach that motivates capable countries to import wastes and one that builds capacity for intended waste importers.
A Song of Policy Incongruence: The Missing Choir of Consumer Preferences in GMO‐Labeling Policy Outcomes
Authors: Mosier Samantha L. , Rimal Arbindra , Ruxton Megan M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article focuses on the degree of policy congruence, and by extension policy responsiveness, of U.S. federal‐ and state‐level GMO labeling laws from 2011–2016. Utilizing consumer survey data, evidence overwhelmingly demonstrates consumers prefer clear text‐based indication if food products contain genetically modified ingredients. However, the federal law adopted in 2016 mandates GMO labeling but with exceptions permitted to clear on‐package text labeling. The results of this study demonstrate that consumer preferences were not adequately represented at the federal level and were misaligned with state policy activities as captured in the aggregate outcome. State legislatures were actively proposing mandatory legislation with only a few cases of success, which did not adequately represent the wishes of the people. Given the misalignment and overall policy incongruence, the consequences of pending federal law are discussed in light of why the voices of the consumer choir were not heard by lawmakers.
Inference for Extreme Values Under Threshold-Based Stopping Rules
Authors: Barlow Anna Maria , Sherlock Chris , Tawn Jonathan 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThere is a propensity for an extreme value analysis to be conducted as a consequence of a large flooding event. This timing of the analysis introduces bias and poor coverage probabilities into the associated risk assessments and leads subsequently to inefficient flood protection schemes. We explore these problems through studying stochastic stopping criteria and propose new likelihood-based inferences that mitigate against these difficulties. Our methods are illustrated through the analysis of the river Lune, following its experiencing the UK's largest ever measured flow event in 2015. We show that without accounting for this stopping feature there would be substantial overdesign in response to the event.
Orthodontic intervention in Fanconi's anemia: A case report
Authors: Miranda Felicia , Garib Daniela , de Lima Netto Beatriz Amaral , Lucena Fernanda Sandes de , da Silva Santos Paulo Sérgio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe objective of this case report was to present the orthodontic treatment of an 8‐year‐old female patient with Fanconi's anemia and Class III skeletal pattern and agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors. Patient presented in the late mixed dentition with a Class III malocclusion with anterior and posterior crossbites. Rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy was performed for 12 months. Phase II was simplified with a 6 × 2 fixed appliance only in the mandibular arch for solving the anterior crowding. Maxillary canines were reshaped as lateral incisors and the central incisors were augmented for closing spaces. Although the systemic disease, orthodontic intervention is possible if individual limitations are considered and treatment is simplified.
Effects of intrauterine exposure to maternal‐derived HBeAg on T cell immunity in cord blood
Authors: Huang Meiting , Gao Yunfei , Liao Dandan , Li Jinna , Tang Bo , Ma Yanchen , Yin Xueru , Li Yongyin , Liu Zhihua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImmature immune system and immune tolerance induced by exposure to HBeAg in utero and/or shortly after infection in newborns were reportedly the causes of chronic HBV infection. To investigate the effect of maternal‐derived HBeAg on neonatal T cell immunity, we analysed and compared T cell phenotypes and functions among neonates born to HBsAg+/HBeAg+ mothers (HBeAg+ neonates), HBsAg+/HBeAg− mothers (HBeAg− neonates) and healthy control mothers (HC neonates), using flow cytometry. The results showed that neonatal T cell phenotypes were similar regardless of HBeAg exposure. Upon anti‐CD3 and anti‐CD28 stimulation in HBeAg+ neonates, CD4+ T cell production of IFN‐γ (P < .05) was significantly enhanced, while CD8+ T cells secreted significantly more IL‐2 compared with those in HBeAg− and HC groups (P < .05). Moreover, similar levels of IFN‐γ and IL‐10 were observed in the culture supernatant after stimulation with rHBsAg, rHBcAg or rHBeAg among HBeAg+, HBeAg− and HC neonates, whereas HBeAg+ neonates produced more TNF‐α than HBeAg− neonates upon stimulation with rHBcAg. In conclusion, the results indicated that the HBsAg+/HBeAg+ maternal environment did not influence the phenotypes of cord blood T cells but boosted neonatal non‐specific Th1‐type cytokine production.
Welfare costs of monetary policy uncertainty in the economy with shifting trend inflation
Authors: Ha Le Thanh , Thanh To Trung , Thang Doan Ngoc 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe study welfare costs of the uncertainty about monetary policy in the economy featuring shifting trend inflation. We follow Ruge‐Murcia (J Econ Dyn Control 36: 914–‐938, 2012) to employ the SMM approach to fit the model to the US data (1979Q1‐2015Q1). We find that the monetary policy uncertainty affects economic welfare through different dimensions. On the one hand, the policy uncertainty itself distorts the economic welfare negligibly, not only by increasing volatilities of consumption and leisure, but also by decreasing their average levels. A higher level of trend inflation then signifies these changes to produce greater welfare costs. Furthermore, the adverse impacts of policy uncertainty on the economy, documented by the impulse response functions of macroeconomic variables to policy uncertainty shock, become larger when central banks raise their inflation targets. On the other hand, the costs of exogenous variations in trend inflation are larger if there is policy uncertainty.
Horizontal Networks and Economic Performance: Evidence from City Leaders in China
Authors: Luo Danglun , Liu Congcong , Wu Lifan 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesWe examine political connections at the horizontal level of local government officials and their impacts on economic growth in China.MethodsWe identify two types of horizontal networks: hometown tie and alumni tie, and analyze the biographic data of the top officials of 256 prefecture‐cities during the period of 1999–2013.ResultsWe find a positive relationship between city leaders’ hometown tie and economic growth, measured by either the relative GDP per capita growth rate or the GDP per capita growth rate. Furthermore, we find the positive relationship is more profound in the low market‐open cities. However, we do not find any significant impacts of the alumni tie on economic growth.ConclusionsThe hometown tie improves the city leaders’ economic performance.
Persistent viral RNA shedding after COVID‐19 symptom resolution in older convalescent plasma donors
Authors: Hartman William R. , Hess Aaron S. , Connor Joseph P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is responsible for a worldwide pandemic. While the medical community understands the mode of viral transmission, less is known about how long viral shedding occurs once viral symptoms have resolved. Our objective was to determine how long the SARS‐CoV‐2 remains detectable following self‐reporting of viral symptom resolution.MethodsThis study was approved by the University of Wisconsin Institutional Review Board. A cohort of patients who were previously SARS‐CoV‐2 positive less than 28 days after self‐reported symptom resolution were retested for proof of viral recovery by nasal swab reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA.ResultsA total of 152 potential participants were screened, of which 5 declined, 54 were ineligible, and 93 were recruited; 86 of 93 completed testing. Eleven of 86 (13%) were still positive at a median of 19 days (range, 12‐24 days) after symptom resolution. Positive participants were significantly older than negative participants (mean, 54 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 44‐63 vs 42 years; 95% CI, 38‐46; P = .024). CT values were significantly, inversely associated with age (β = −.04; r2 = 0.389; P = .04). The number of days since symptom recovery was not apparently different between positive and negative participants.ConclusionWe found evidence of persistent viral shedding in nasopharyngeal secretions more than 2 weeks after resolution of symptoms from confirmed COVID‐19 infection. Persistent shedding was more common in older participants, and viral load was higher among older positive participants. These results underscore the necessity of testing COVID‐19 convalescent plasma donors less than 28 days after symptom resolution.
Does value chain integration dampen producer price developments? Evidence from the European Union
Authors: Friesenbichler Klaus S. , Kuegler Agnes , Reinstaller Andreas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe draw on trade theory to empirically explore the effects of value chain integration on producer price dynamics. Using the EU as an example of an integrated area, we construct measures of backward and forward linkages with intra‐ and extra‐EU trading partners at the country‐sector level. We find that especially upstream integration and EU accession dampen inflation. The results for downstream integration indicate a price‐increasing relationship. We propose novel EU integration indicators and offer insights to both theory and applied research. We also add to the policy debate on the price effects of (dis‐)integration of EU countries.
Temporal Trends of Compliance With School-Based Physical Activity Recommendations Among Spanish Children, 2011–2018
Authors: Grao-Cruces Alberto , Conde-Caveda Julio , Cuenca-García Magdalena , Nuviala Román , Pérez-Bey Alejandro , Martín-Acosta Fátima , Castro-Piñero José 
Published: June 2020

Background: According to the current physical activity (PA) recommendations, children should accumulate 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) throughout the day, 30 minutes of MVPA during the school hours, and 50% of the recess time in MVPA. Our aim was to examine the temporal trends of accelerometer-based PA during the previously mentioned day segments and the proportion of children who met the PA recommendations.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 2 independent samples: 499 fourth graders (49.2% females) in 2011–2012 and 364 fourth graders (46.9% females) in 2017–2018. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to assess PA.Results: A decline in light PA, moderate PA, vigorous PA, MVPA, and total PA during whole day, and in the rate of compliance with daily MVPA recommendations in males (P < .01) was observed from 2011–2012 to 2017–2018. Females decreased their daily light PA and moderate PA (P < .05). A decline in all PA variables during school hours in both sexes (P < .05) and in the rate of compliance with the 30 minutes of MVPA recommended during school hours in males (P < .001) were observed. There were no differences in PA during recesses.Conclusions: Interventions are needed to attenuate the temporal decrease in PA levels in children.
Revisiting “Gaining Entry”: Roundtable Discussion 25 Years Later
Authors: Poczwardowski Artur , Aoyagi Mark , Fritze Thomas , Laird Mark 
Published: June 2020

The science and practice of sport psychology have experienced significant growth and development over the past 30 years. The purposes of this roundtable discussion were to engage sport psychology consultants’ views on gaining entry, especially as it relates to long-term work with athletic clients and to compare these views with Ravizza’s seminal work on gaining entry. Four consultants with extensive experience in sport psychology participated in a two-phase roundtable that was facilitated by a sport psychology professional. Topics explored and conclusions drawn provided further verification of Ravizza’s original insights about gaining entry (e.g., barriers to entry) and added new insights to account for rapid social and generational changes (e.g., role of gender, preferences of modern athletes, importance of interactive observation). The use of technology and adding teleconsulting to service delivery warrant careful approach and future examinations. Lifelong professional development is critical in optimizing gaining entry especially, given the rapid changes in both client demographics and sport and performance psychology knowledge.
Reinterpreting the results of the LHC with MadAnalysis 5: uncertainties and higher-luminosity estimates
Authors: Araz Jack Y. , Frank Mariana , Fuks Benjamin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe MadAnalysis 5 framework can be used to assess the potential of various LHC analyses for unraveling any specific new physics signal. We present an extension of the LHC reinterpretation capabilities of the programme allowing for the inclusion of theoretical and systematical uncertainties on the signal in the reinterpretation procedure. We have implemented extra methods dedicated to the extrapolation of the impact of a given analysis to higher luminosities, including various options for the treatment of the errors. As an application, we study three classes of new physics models. We first focus on a simplified model in which the Standard Model is supplemented by a gluino and a neutralino. We show that uncertainties could in particular degrade the bounds by several hundreds of GeV when considering 3000/fb of future LHC data. We next investigate another supersymmetry-inspired simplified model, in which the Standard Model is extended by a first generation squark species and a neutralino. We reach similar conclusions. Finally, we study a class of s-channel dark matter setups and compare the expectation for two types of scenarios differing in the details of the implementation of the mediation between the dark and Standard Model sectors.
Data Preparation for Duplicate Detection
Authors: Koumarelas Ioannis , Jiang Lan , Naumann Felix 
Published: June 2020

Data errors represent a major issue in most application workflows. Before any important task can take place, a certain data quality has to be guaranteed by eliminating a number of different errors that may appear in data. Typically, most of these errors are fixed with data preparation methods, such as whitespace removal. However, the particular error of duplicate records, where multiple records refer to the same entity, is usually eliminated independently with specialized techniques. Our work is the first to bring these two areas together by applying data preparation operations under a systematic approach prior to performing duplicate detection.
Our process workflow can be summarized as follows: It begins with the user providing as input a sample of the gold standard, the actual dataset, and optionally some constraints to domain-specific data preparations, such as address normalization. The preparation selection operates in two consecutive phases. First, to vastly reduce the search space of ineffective data preparations, decisions are made based on the improvement or worsening of pair similarities. Second, using the remaining data preparations an iterative leave-one-out classification process removes preparations one by one and determines the redundant preparations based on the achieved area under the precision-recall curve (AUC-PR). Using this workflow, we manage to improve the results of duplicate detection up to 19% in AUC-PR.