bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HI-HPTLC-UV/Vis/FLD-HESI-HRMS and bioprofiling of steviol glycosides, steviol, and isosteviol in Stevia leaves and foods
Authors: Morlock Gertrud E. , Heil Julia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFood products and botanicals on the global market need to be investigated in a more comprehensive way to detect effects, falsifications or adulterations. This is especially true for such ones containingStevialeaves,Steviaextracts, or steviol glycosides. A multi-imaging profiling was developed exploiting hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). A minimalistic sample preparation, different mixtures of acetonitrile and water/buffer on the silica gel phase as well as derivatization reagents and optional hyphenation with high-resolution mass spectrometry were exploited. The hydrophilic interaction high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HI-HPTLC) development took 10 min for 48 analyses. It was used to screenStevialeaf extracts and 20 different food products. For the first time, the biological and biochemical profiling ofStevialeaf products by HI-HPTLC-UV/Vis/FLD-assay pointed to 19 different bioactive compound bands found in the more natural multicomponentStevialeaf extracts, whereas most of these activities were not existent for the steviol glycosides. The chemically isolated, purified, and EU-regulated steviol glycosides ease risk assessment and food product development. However, multipotent botanicals may have subtle impact on homeostasis via several metabolic pathways, providing benefits for the consumer’s health. Analyzed side by side by means of the effect-directed profiling, their individual activity profiles were visualized as image and individual substances of importance were pointed out. Multi-imaging (comprehensive detection) plus non-targeted bioprofiling (focus on known and unknown bioactivity) allows for a fast detection of questionable product changes that occur along the global food chain and are particularly related to food safety.
Major Variation in the Incidence of Appendicitis Before, During and After Pregnancy: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Moltubak E. , Landerholm K. , Blomberg M. , Redéen S. , Andersson R. E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies indicate a low incidence of appendicitis in third‐trimester pregnancy, suggesting a protecting effect of pregnancy. This large population‐based cohort study analyzes the association of appendicitis with pregnancy in more detail. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of appendicitis and negative appendectomy before, during and after pregnancy.MethodsCross‐linking between two Swedish health registries provided data on appendectomy for all women in Sweden giving birth between 1973 and 2013. We analyzed the incidence rates (IR) of perforated and non‐perforated appendicitis and negative appendectomy before, during and after pregnancy, and secular trends during the study period. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were estimated using age‐, sex‐ and period‐specific IR from the background population in Sweden.ResultsSome 3,888,452 pregnancies resulted in birth during the study period. An appendectomy was registered for 27,575 women in the interval starting one year before and ending two years after pregnancy. The incidence of appendicitis varied substantially during and after pregnancy. SIR for perforated appendicitis was 0.47 (95% CI 0.38–0.59) in the third trimester, 3.89 (2.92–5.18) peripartum, 2.20 (1.89–2.55) in the puerperium and 1.27 (1.19–1.36) in the year postpartum. The pattern was similar for non‐perforated appendicitis. Negative appendectomy decreased postpartum. Incidence rate of non‐perforated appendicitis and negative appendectomy decreased for both pregnant and non‐pregnant women during the study period.ConclusionsThe findings in this study suggest a protecting effect of pregnancy on the development of appendicitis, which is followed by a rebound effect after birth.
Mathematical Analysis of Two Competing Cancer Cell Migration Mechanisms Driven by Interstitial Fluid Flow
Authors: Evje Steinar , Winkler Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent experimental work has revealed that interstitial fluid flow can mobilize two types of tumor cell migration mechanisms. One is a chemotactic-driven mechanism where chemokine (chemical component) bounded to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is released and skewed in the flow direction. This leads to higher chemical concentrations downstream which the tumor cells can sense and migrate toward. The other is a mechanism where the flowing fluid imposes a stress on the tumor cells which triggers them to go in the upstream direction. Researchers have suggested that these two migration modes possibly can play a role in metastatic behavior, i.e., the process where tumor cells are able to break loose from the primary tumor and move to nearby lymphatic vessels. In Waldeland and Evje (J Biomech 81:22–35, 2018), a mathematical cell–fluid model was put forward based on a mixture theory formulation. It was demonstrated that the model was able to capture the main characteristics of the two competing migration mechanisms. The objective of the current work is to seek deeper insight into certain qualitative aspects of these competing mechanisms by means of mathematical methods. For that purpose, we propose a simpler version of the cell–fluid model mentioned above but such that the two competing migration mechanisms are retained. An initial cell distribution in a one-dimensional slab is exposed to a constant fluid flow from one end to the other, consistent with the experimental setup. Then, we explore by means of analytical estimates the long-time behavior of the two competing migration mechanisms for two different scenarios: (i) when the initial cell volume fraction is low and (ii) when the initial cell volume fraction is high. In particular, it is demonstrated in a strict mathematical sense that for a sufficiently low initial cell volume fraction, the downstream migration dominates in the sense that the solution converges to a downstream-dominated steady state as time elapses. On the other hand, with a sufficiently high initial cell volume fraction, the upstream migration mechanism is the stronger in the sense that the solution converges to an upstream-dominated steady state.
Correction to: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial on the bleeding profle of a drospirenone-only pill 4 mg over nine cycles in comparison with desogestrel 0.075 mg
Authors: Palacios Santiago , Colli Enrico , Regidor Pedro-Antonio 
Published: April 2020

The article A multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial on the bleeding profle of a drospirenone-only pill 4 mg over nine cycles in comparison with desogestrel 0.075 mg, written by Santiago Palacios, Enrico Colli and Pedro-Antonio Regidor, was originally published Online First without Open Access.
Guidance for anti-VEGF intravitreal injections during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Korobelnik Jean-François , Loewenstein Anat , Eldem Bora , Joussen Antonia M. , Koh Adrian , Lambrou George N. , Lanzetta Paolo , Li Xiaoxin , Lövestam-Adrian Monica , Navarro Rafael , Okada Annabelle A. , Pearce Ian , Rodríguez Francisco J. , Wong David T. , Wu Lihteh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
There is an urgent need to address how to best provide ophthalmic care for patients with retinal disease receiving intravitreal injections with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents during the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides guidance for ophthalmologists on how to deliver the best possible care for patients while minimizing the risk of infection.

Methods
The Vision Academy’s Steering Committee of international retinal disease experts convened to discuss key considerations for managing patients with retinal disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. After reviewing the existing literature on the issue, members put forward recommendations that were systematically refined and voted on to develop this guidance.

Results
The considerations focus on the implementation of steps to minimize the exposure of patients and healthcare staff to COVID-19. These include the use of personal protective equipment, adherence to scrupulous hygiene and disinfection protocols, pre-screening to identify symptomatic patients, and reducing the number of people in waiting rooms. Other important measures include triaging of patients to identify those at the greatest risk of irreversible vision loss and prioritization of treatment visits over monitoring visits where possible. In order to limit patient exposure, ophthalmologists should refrain from using treatment regimens that require frequent monitoring.

Conclusion
Management of patients with retinal disease receiving intravitreal injections during the COVID-19 pandemic will require adjustment to regular clinical practice to minimize the risk of exposure of patients and healthcare staff, and to prioritize those with the greatest medical need. The safety of patients and healthcare staff should be of paramount importance in all decision-making.
Comparative evaluation of Aspergillus niger strains for endogenous pectin-depolymerization capacity and suitability for d-galacturonic acid production
Authors: Schäfer Dominik , Schmitz Kevin , Weuster-Botz Dirk , Benz J. Philipp 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPectinaceous agricultural residues rich ind-galacturonic acid (d-GalA), such as sugar beet pulp, are considered as promising feedstocks for waste-to-value conversions.Aspergillus nigeris known for its strong pectinolytic activity. However, while specialized strains for production of citric acid or proteins are well characterized, this is not the case for the production of pectinases. We, therefore, systematically compared the pectinolytic capabilities of sixA. nigerstrains (ATCC 1015, ATCC 11414, NRRL 3122, CBS 513.88, NRRL 3, and N402) using controlled batch cultivations in stirred-tank bioreactors.A. nigerATCC 11414 showed the highest polygalacturonase activity, specific protein secretion, and a suitable morphology. Furthermore,d-GalA release from sugar beet pulp was 75% higher compared to the standard lab strainA. nigerN402. Our study, therefore, presents a robust initial strain selection to guide future process improvement ofd-GalA production from agricultural residues and identifies a high-performance base strain for further genetic optimizations.
Clinical practice guidelines of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) on bariatric surgery: update 2020 endorsed by IFSO-EC, EASO and ESPCOP
Authors: Di Lorenzo Nicola , Antoniou Stavros A. , Batterham Rachel L. , Busetto Luca , Godoroja Daniela , Iossa Angelo , Carrano Francesco M. , Agresta Ferdinando , Alarçon Isaias , Azran Carmil , Bouvy Nicole , Balaguè Ponz Carmen , Buza Maura , Copaescu Catalin , De Luca Maurizio , Dicker Dror , Di Vincenzo Angelo , Felsenreich Daniel M. , Francis Nader K. , Fried Martin , Gonzalo Prats Berta , Goitein David , Halford Jason C. G. , Herlesova Jitka , Kalogridaki Marina , Ket Hans , Morales-Conde Salvador , Piatto Giacomo , Prager Gerhard , Pruijssers Suzanne , Pucci Andrea , Rayman Shlomi , Romano Eugenia , Sanchez-Cordero Sergi , Vilallonga Ramon , Silecchia Gianfranco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgery for obesity and metabolic diseases has been evolved in the light of new scientific evidence, long-term outcomes and accumulated experience. EAES has sponsored an update of previous guidelines on bariatric surgery.

Methods
A multidisciplinary group of bariatric surgeons, obesity physicians, nutritional experts, psychologists, anesthetists and a patient representative comprised the guideline development panel. Development and reporting conformed to GRADE guidelines and AGREE II standards.

Results
Systematic review of databases, record selection, data extraction and synthesis, evidence appraisal and evidence-to-decision frameworks were developed for 42 key questions in the domains Indication; Preoperative work-up; Perioperative management; Non-bypass, bypass and one-anastomosis procedures; Revisional surgery; Postoperative care; and Investigational procedures. A total of 36 recommendations and position statements were formed through a modified Delphi procedure.

Conclusion
This document summarizes the latest evidence on bariatric surgery through state-of-the art guideline development, aiming to facilitate evidence-based clinical decisions.
Temporal convolutional neural (TCN) network for an effective weather forecasting using time-series data from the local weather station
Authors: Hewage Pradeep , Behera Ardhendu , Trovati Marcello , Pereira Ella , Ghahremani Morteza , Palmieri Francesco , Liu Yonghuai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNon-predictive or inaccurate weather forecasting can severely impact the community of users such as farmers. Numerical weather prediction models run in major weather forecasting centers with several supercomputers to solve simultaneous complex nonlinear mathematical equations. Such models provide the medium-range weather forecasts, i.e., every 6 h up to 18 h with grid length of 10–20 km. However, farmers often depend on more detailed short-to medium-range forecasts with higher-resolution regional forecasting models. Therefore, this research aims to address this by developing and evaluating a lightweight and novel weather forecasting system, which consists of one or more local weather stations and state-of-the-art machine learning techniques for weather forecasting using time-series data from these weather stations. To this end, the system explores the state-of-the-art temporal convolutional network (TCN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Our experimental results show that the proposed model using TCN produces better forecasting compared to the LSTM and other classic machine learning approaches. The proposed model can be used as an efficient localized weather forecasting tool for the community of users, and it could be run on a stand-alone personal computer.
A portable survivorship care plan: a tool that helps educate and improve knowledge in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Murphy Patricia , Levine Alyssa , Lerma Tanya , Young Sabrina , Hwang Jimmy , Goldsby Robert 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
There is a growing population of survivors of childhood cancer at risk for late effects that can affect their overall quality of life. There is evidence that they have inadequate knowledge about their diagnosis, treatment, and subsequent late effects. A randomized study was conducted to determine if a portable credit card–sized plastic card, the “Survivor Healthcare Passport,” improved the survivor’s knowledge of diagnosis, treatment, risks, and follow-up care. The study included 126 patients 2 years post-end of cancer treatment and took place at the UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Survivorship Clinic.

Methods
Patients attending the UCSF Survivorship clinic were randomized to receive or not receive a passport at their first survivorship clinic visit. Each groups’ knowledge of diagnosis, treatment history, and follow-up needs was assessed at three time points with a questionnaire.

Results
Patients who received the passport distributed immediately after their visit demonstrated improved and sustained knowledge compared with survivors who did not receive the passport until more than 4 months later.

Conclusion
Enhancing a survivor’s knowledge is an important endeavor and a continual challenge for practitioners in survivorship clinics. This portable educational tool helps improve patient knowledge of their cancer, therapy, and follow-up needs. By providing a tangible card that is quick and easy to access, survivors have access to their treatment late effects and follow-up needs that can also be shared with other healthcare providers.
The Structure of the Convective Boundary Layer as Deduced from Topological Invariants
Authors: Licón-Saláiz José , Ansorge Cedrick , Shao Yaping , Kunoth Angela 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe study the convective boundary layer (CBL) through low-order topological properties of updrafts and downdrafts, that is, based solely on the sign of the vertical velocity. The geometric representation of the CBL as a pair of two-dimensional cubical complexes, one each for updrafts and downdrafts, is exemplarily obtained from two simulations of the CBL, a realistic daily cycle and an idealized quasi-steady CBL growing into linear stratification. Each cubical complex is defined as a set of grid cells that have the same sign of vertical velocity, either positive or negative. Low-order topological invariants, namely the Betti numbers of the cubical complexes, are found to capture key aspects of the boundary-layer organization and evolution over the diurnal cycle. An unsupervised-learning algorithm is trained using the topological invariants in order to classify the spatio–temporal evolution of convection over a whole day. The successful classification of the CBL by using this approach illustrates the potential of such simplified representation of turbulent flow for data reduction and boundary-layer parametrization approaches.
Housing Ex-Offenders in the Netherlands: Balancing Neighbourhood Safety and Human Rights
Authors: van Tongeren J. H. S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognises stable housing as a prerequisite for an adequate standard of living. A home provides shelter and enables personal development, thus contributing to the individual’s well-being. Despite this, however, many struggle to find a place to live. In the Netherlands, people with a history of criminal or anti-social behaviour (‘ex-offenders’) are among those whose search for housing is most problematic. They are sometimes viewed as unreliable tenants or denied access to housing out of fear for recidivism. At the same time, Dutch local authorities—responsible for maintaining public order—may (aim to) prevent an ex-offender from (re) settling in their municipality. Recent legislation in the Netherlands furthermore allows local authorities to screen and exclude people from certain urban areas based on their past behaviour. How do Dutch private and administrative actors decide between ex-offenders’ housing rights on the one hand and other persons’ (feelings of) safety and public order on the other? And how do the laws and policies in the Netherlands concerning the housing of ex-offenders relate to the state’s human rights obligations? Using doctrinal legal research methods and applying a normative, human rights framework, this paper concludes that while there are no out-right violations of fundamental rights and freedoms, several approaches in the Netherlands do appear to be problematic and at odds with international obligations.
Speciation and sorption of phosphorus in agricultural soil profiles of redoximorphic character
Authors: Baumann Karen , Shaheen Sabry M. , Hu Yongfeng , Gros Peter , Heilmann Elena , Morshedizad Mohsen , Wang Jianxu , Wang Shan-Li , Rinklebe Jörg , Leinweber Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractControlled drainage is considered as a soil management tool to improve water supply to crops and reduce nutrient losses from fields; however, its closure may affect phosphorus (P) mobilization in soil. To assess the P mobilization potential, three soil profiles with redoximorphic features were selected along a slight hill in Northern Germany. Soil samples from three depths of each profile were characterized for basic properties, total element content, oxalate- and dithionite-extractable pedogenic Al, Fe and Mn (hydr)oxides, P pools (sequential extraction), P species [PK-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy] and P sorption behavior. In topsoil (~ 10 cm depth), labile P (H2O-P + resin-P + NaHCO3-P) accounted for 26–32% of total P (Pt). PhosphorusK-edge XANES revealed that up to 49% of Ptwas bound to Al and/or Fe (hydr)oxides, but sequential fractionation indicated that > 30% of this P was occluded within sesquioxide aggregates. A low binding capacity for P was demonstrated by P sorption capacity and lowKfcoefficients (20–33 $${\text{mg}}^{{1 - n_{\text{f}} }} \,{\text{L}}^{{n_{\text{f}} }} \,{\text{kg}}^{ - 1}$$mg1-nfLnfkg-1) of the Freundlich equation. In the subsoil layers (~ 30 and ~ 65 cm depth), higher proportions of Al- and Fe-bound P along with other characteristics suggested that all profiles might be prone to P mobilization/leaching risk under reducing conditions even if the degree of P saturation (DPS) of a profile under oxic conditions was < 25%. The results suggest that a closure of the controlled drainage may pose a risk of increased P mobilization, but this needs to be compared with the risk of uncontrolled drainage and P losses to avoid P leaching into the aquatic ecosystem.
Investigation of the cytotoxicity of bioinspired coumarin analogues towards human breast cancer cells
Authors: Gkionis Leonidas , Kavetsou Eleni , Kalospyros Alexandros , Manousakis Dimitris , Garzon Sanz Miguel , Butterworth Sam , Detsi Anastasia , Tirella Annalisa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCoumarins possess a wide array of therapeutic capabilities, but often with unclear mechanism of action. We tested a small library of 18 coumarin derivatives against human invasive breast ductal carcinoma cells with the capacity of each compound to inhibit cell proliferation scored, and the most potent coumarin analogues selected for further studies. Interestingly, the presence of two prenyloxy groups (5,7-diprenyloxy-4-methyl-coumarin,4g) or the presence of octyloxy substituent (coumarin4d) was found to increase the potency of compounds in breast cancer cells, but not against healthy human fibroblasts. The activity of potent compounds on breast cancer cells cultured more similarly to the conditions of the tumour microenvironment was also investigated, and increased toxicity was observed. Results suggest that tested coumarin derivatives could potentially reduce the growth of tumour mass. Moreover, their use as (combination) therapy in cancer treatment might have the potential of causing limited side effects.Graphic abstract
The innovation systems approach: an Austrian and Ostromian perspective
Authors: Lewis Paul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe innovation systems (IS) approach—developed by Richard Nelson, Christopher Freeman and Bengt-Ake Lundvall, amongst others—has become perhaps the dominant approach in the academic literature for the study of innovation. It has also exerted considerable influence on policy. This paper examines both the theory underpinning the IS approach, which bears considerable affinities with Austrian economics, and also its policy implications. It is argued that the work of Friedrich Hayek and Elinor Ostrom in particular can be used to draw attention to some potential difficulties with the way in which the IS approach is often used to guide policy. Ideas drawn from Austrian economics, as well as the work of Elinor Ostrom, are used to help develop and improve the IS approach, both theoretically and in terms of its approach to policy.