bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization and costs of formal and informal care, home adaptations, and physiotherapy among older patients with hip fracture
Authors: Png M. E. , Griffin X. L. , Costa M. L. , Achten J. , Pinedo-Villanueva R. 
Published: May 2020

AimsThis feasibility study investigates the utilization and cost of health resources related to formal and informal care, home adaptations, and physiotherapy among patients aged 60 years and above after hip fracture from a multicentre cohort study (World Hip Trauma Evaluation (WHiTE)) in the UK.MethodsA questionnaire containing health resource use was completed at baseline and four months post-injury by patients or their carer. Completion rate and mean cost of each health resource item were assessed and sensitivity analysis was performed to derive a conservative estimate of the informal care cost. All costs are presented in 2017/18 pound sterling.ResultsA total of 4,183 patients from the WHiTE cohort completed the baseline questionnaire between May 2017 and April 2018, of whom 3,524 (84.2%) completed the four-month health resource section. Estimated mean costs of formal and informal care, home adaptations, and physiotherapy during the four months following injury were £2,843 (SD 5,467), £6,613 (SD 15,146), £706 (SD 1,706) and £9 (SD 33), respectively. Mean cost of informal care decreased to £660 (SD £1,040) in the sensitivity analysis when informal care was capped at 17.2 hours per day.ConclusionInformal care is a significant source of costs after hip fracture and should therefore be included in future economical analyses of this patient group. Our results show that there is considerable variation in the interpretation of time-use of informal care among patients and further work is needed to improve how data regarding informal care are collected in order to obtain a more accurate cost estimate. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(5):250–257.
Modulation format identification of optical signals: an approach based
on singular value decomposition of Stokes space projections
Authors: Eltaieb Rania A. , Abouelela Heba A. E. , Saif Waddah S. , Ragheb Amr , Farghal Ahmed E. A. , Ahmed Hossam El-din H. , Alshebeili Saleh , Shalaby Hossam M. H. , Abd El-Samie Fathi E. 
Published: May 2020

In this paper, two Stokes space (SS) analysis schemes for modulation
format identification (MFI) are proposed. These schemes are based on
singular value decomposition (SVD) and Radon transform (RT) for
feature extraction. The singular values (SVs) are extracted from the
SS projections for different modulation formats to discriminate
between them. The SS projections are obtained at different optical
signal-to-noise ratios (OSNRs) ranging from 11 to 30 dB for seven
dual-polarized modulation formats. The first scheme depends on the
SVDs of the SS projections on three planes, while the second scheme
depends on the SVDs of the RTs of the SS projections. Different
classifiers including support vector machine (SVM), decision tree
(DT), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) for MFI based on the obtained
features are used. Both simulation and experimental setups are
arranged and tested for proof of concept of the proposed schemes for
the MFI task. Complexity reduction is studied for the SVD scheme by
applying the decimation of the projections by two and four to achieve
an acceptable classification rate, while reducing the computation
time. Also, the effect of the variation of phase noise (PN) and state
of polarization (SoP) on the accuracy of the MFI is considered at all
OSNRs. The two proposed schemes are capable of identifying the
polarization multiplexed modulation formats blindly with high accuracy
levels up to 98%, even at low OSNR values of 12 dB, high PN levels up
to 10 MHz, and SoP up to 45°.
Sensor for dynamic focus control of a deformable mirror
Authors: Kazasidis Orestis , Verpoort Sven , Wittrock Ulrich 
Published: May 2020

We recently presented a novel unimorph deformable mirror which allows for dynamic focus shift with an actuation rate of 2 kHz. Such mirrors suffer from hysteresis and creep. Therefore, they have to be operated in closed-loop. For this purpose, we developed a defocus sensor based on an astigmatic detection system. In this paper, we present the sensor design and discuss its performance.
Mid-infrared frequency combs at 10  GHz
Authors: Kowligy Abijith S. , Carlson David R. , Hickstein Daniel D. , Timmers Henry , Lind Alexander J. , Schunemann Peter G. , Papp Scott B. , Diddams Scott A. 
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate mid-infrared (MIR) frequency combs at 10 GHz repetition rate via intra-pulse difference-frequency generation (DFG) in quasi-phase-matched nonlinear media. Few-cycle pump pulses (

≲

15

f
s

, 100 pJ) from a near-infrared electro-optic frequency comb are provided via nonlinear soliton-like compression in photonic-chip silicon-nitride waveguides. Subsequent intra-pulse DFG in periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides yields MIR frequency combs in the 3.1–4.8 µm region, while orientation-patterned gallium phosphide provides coverage across 7–11 µm. Cascaded second-order nonlinearities simultaneously provide access to the carrier–envelope-offset frequency of the pump source via in-line

f

-

2

f

nonlinear interferometry. The high-repetition rate MIR frequency combs introduced here can be used for condensed phase spectroscopy and applications such as laser heterodyne radiometry.
Hypersensitive H2 sensor based on polymer planar Bragg gratings coated with Pt-loaded WO3-SiO2
Authors: Kefer Stefan , Dai Jixiang , Yang Minghong , Schmauss Bernhard , Hellmann Ralf 
Published: May 2020

This Letter demonstrates a novel, to the best of our knowledge, hydrogen sensor based on a polymer planar Bragg grating coated with Pt-loaded

W
O

3

-

S
i
O

2

. The reflected Bragg signal shows a distinct peak splitting correlated to substrate anisotropies originating from the injection molding process. Especially at low

H

2

concentrations, both sensing peaks exhibit an outstanding response to the heat generated by the exothermic reaction between hydrogen molecules and coating. Thereby, a hydrogen volume ratio of 50 ppm leads to a Bragg wavelength shift of

−

37

p
m

, which yields an outstandingly low detection limit of only 5 ppm

H

2

in air. Thus, functionalized polymer planar Bragg gratings are eminently suitable for

H

2

leak detection applications.
»Das Weibliche umschließt den starken Mann« (Jer 31,22). Geschlechterkonstruktionen im Jeremiabuch im Licht feministischer Hermeneutik
Authors: Maier Christl M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This essay explores variant concepts of gender in the book of Jeremiah from a feminist perspective that includes insights of post-colonial studies, trauma studies, and queer theory. It discusses the female personification of Jerusalem and Judah, the laboring woman metaphor used in the context of war, the complexity of gendered addressees in Jer 2:1-4:2, and gender aspects in the characterization of God and Jeremiah. At first glance, the Jeremiah tradents use traditional gender stereotypes. A closer inspection, however, reveals an ambivalent gender performance of female and male protagonists. In this context, the enigmatic statement in Jer 31:22 »the female encompasses the strong man« also signifies the ambivalence of gender concepts in Jeremiah.
Body weight, haematological indices and intestinal morphometric of broilers provided with diets containing formic acid, butyric acid or their blends
Authors: Isroli I. , Murwani R. , Yudiarti T. , Widiastuti E. , Wahyuni H. I. , Sartono T. A. , Sugiharto S. 
Published: May 2020

The study investigated the influence of dietary incorporation of formic acid, butyric acid or their blends on growth rate, haematological indices and intestinal morphometric of broilers. A number of 240 Lohmann MB-202 chicks were pass rounded to four dietary groups, including CONT (chicks taking in basal feed with no additive), BTRT (chicks receiving basal feed with 0.03% butyric acid), FRMT (chicks receiving basal feed with 0.1% formic acid) and BTRT+FRMT (chicks receiving basal feed containing 0.03% butyric acid and 0.1% formic acid). Weight of chicks and intake were measured every week, while blood sample was collected at day 21 and 35. At day 35, birds were slaughtered and small intestinal segments and digesta were collected. At day 21, body weight was bigger (P<0.05) in BTRT+FRMT than in other birds. Feeding the blends of formic and butyric acids resulted in higher (P<0.05) value of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) at day 21. Feeding organic acids was associated with the lower (P<0.05) proportion of thrombocytes in broilers at day 35. Supplementation of butyric acid resulted in higher (P<0.05) serum albumin concentration at day 35. Butyric acid produced higher (P<0.05) levels of triglyceride as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the serum. The mixture of formic and butyric acids resulted in higher (P<0.05) titer of antibody against Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) at day 21. Feeding formic acid decreased (P<0.05) ileal population of lactose negative enterobacteria at day 35. Overall, dietary supplementation of the blends of formic and butyric acids resulted in improved growth and immune defence of broiler chicks.
Indonesian smallholder beef producers’ perception of sustainability and their treactions to the results of an assessment using the sustainability assessment of food and agriculture system (SAFA) – a case study based on focus group discussions
Authors: Gayatri S. , Vaarst M. 
Published: May 2020

Beef cattle farmers were interviewed about what “sustainability” means to them with regard to their daily practices, both in their daily working life and after being confronted with the results of an assessment conducted on their farms prior to a focus group discussion (FGD) utilizing the Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture (SAFA) system developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. The study presented in this article was based on two FGDs, using the results of the SAFA online assessment as a tool to initiate and facilitate the discussions. The two group discussions were recorded using a digital voice recorder, transcribed in full and then coded using the software program Transana. The discussions were organized into themes, which allowed a basis for the further analysis. The themes allowed us to build a picture of the participants’ views and thoughts on sustainability with regard to their farming management practices in the light of the SAFA framework, and their own thoughts and perception of the government’s action to promote sustainability, as well as to consider its implications for the futures of their own farms. The interviewed beef cattle farmers thought of sustainability on a day-to-day context rather than as a multi-dimensional concept. In their views, sustainability was very much about being able to continue farming, for the farm to survive and about being able to hand it over to the next generation. However, when presented with the four dimensions of the SAFA framework, they acknowledged the wider perspectives and different aspects of sustainability and reflected about how their own agricultural practices related to these wider aspects too.
LIV – lernen. informieren. vernetzen.
Authors: Rickelt Henning , Zoller Rahel , Flohr Kathrin , Söding Achim 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
„LIV – lernen. informieren. vernetzen.“ ist die programmatische Bezeichnung der gemeinsamen Bibliothek der vier am Heilbronner Bildungscampus vertretenen Hochschulen. Die Einrichtung wurde zum 1. Oktober 2019 gegründet und öffnete am gleichen Tag ihr neues Zentralgebäude für den Publikumsverkehr. Im Rahmen einer über sechsjährigen Projektarbeit wurden – wechselseitig aufeinander abgestimmt – sowohl die rechtlich-organisatorische Struktur der gemeinsamen Einrichtung erarbeitet als auch das neue Gebäude als ein Ort des vernetzten hochschulübergreifenden Lernens und Arbeitens errichtet.
Connected perimeter of planar sets
Authors: Dayrens François , Masnou Simon , Novaga Matteo , Pozzetta Marco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe introduce a notion ofconnectedperimeter for planar sets defined as the lower semicontinuous envelope of perimeters of approximating sets which are measure-theoretically connected. A companion notion ofsimply connectedperimeter is also studied. We prove a representation formula which links the connected perimeter, the classical perimeter, and the length of suitable Steiner trees. We also discuss the application of this notion to the existence of solutions to a nonlocal minimization problem with connectedness constraint.
On rough convergence variables of triple sequences
Authors: Subramanian Nagarajan , Esi Ayhan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTriple sequence convergence plays an extremely important role in the fundamental theory of mathematics. This paper contains four types of convergence concepts, namely, convergence almost surely, convergence incredibility, trust convergence in mean, and convergence in distribution, and discuss the relationship among them and some mathematical properties of those new convergence.
A Note on the Sobolev and Gagliardo--Nirenberg Inequality when 𝑝 > 𝑁
Authors: Porretta Alessio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
It is known that the Sobolev space

W

1
,
p

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{W^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

is embedded into

L

N
⁢
p

/

(

N
-
p

)

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{L^{Np/(N-p)}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

if

p
<
N

{p<N}

and into

L
∞

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

{L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}

if

p
>
N

{p>N}

. There is usually a discontinuity in the proof of those two different embeddings since, for

p
>
N

{p>N}

, the estimate

∥
u
∥

∞

≤

C
⁢

∥

D
⁢
u

∥

p

N
/
p

⁢

∥
u
∥

p

1
-

N
/
p

{\lVert u\rVert_{\infty}\leq C\lVert Du\rVert_{p}^{N/p}\lVert u\rVert_{p}^{1-N% /p}}

is commonly obtained together with an estimate of the Hölder norm. In this note, we give a proof of the

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

-embedding which only follows by an iteration of the Sobolev–Gagliardo–Nirenberg estimate

∥
u
∥

N
/

(

N
-
1

)

≤

C
⁢

∥

D
⁢
u

∥

1

{\lVert u\rVert_{N/(N-1)}\leq C\lVert Du\rVert_{1}}

. This kind of proof has the advantage to be easily extended to anisotropic cases and immediately exported to the case of discrete Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces; we give sample results in case of finite differences and finite volumes schemes.
Extremals for Fractional Moser–Trudinger Inequalities in Dimension 1 via Harmonic Extensions and Commutator Estimates
Authors: Mancini Gabriele , Martinazzi Luca 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We prove the existence of extremals for fractional Moser–Trudinger inequalities in an interval and on the whole real line. In both cases we use blow-up analysis for the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equation, which requires new sharp estimates obtained via commutator techniques.
Plato’s Master Argument for a Two-Kind Ontology in theSophist: A New Reading of the Final Argument of the Gigantomachia Passage (249b5–249c9)
Authors: Sabrier Pauline 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper I defend a new reading of the final argument of the Gigantomachia passage of Plato’sSophist(249b5–249c9), according to which it is an argument for a two-kind ontology, based on the distinction between the changing beings and the unchanging beings. This argument, I urge, is addressed not only to Platonists but to all philosophers – with one exception. My reading is based on the claim that this argument does not rely on the view thatnousrequires unchangeable objects – what I call the traditional reading – but on the view thatnousitself is unchanging. The difference between the traditional reading and my reading is that on the former, Plato’s argument relies on a distinctive epistemological assumption, whereas on the latter, Plato’s argument is free from any such commitments. If the argument of this paper is along the right lines, then this implies that this argument has a much more far-reaching scope than critics have usually assumed. It also invites us to reconsider Plato’s approach to the question of being in theSophist.
How to design externally positive feedback loops – an open problem of control theory
Authors: Schwab Alexander , Lunze Jan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses the properties of externally positive systems and summarises existing conditions and design approaches that achieve externally positive closed-loop dynamics. The output variable of such systems is always nonnegative for any nonnegative input which is a very useful property in various control tasks. This paper investigates the problem of rendering control loops externally positive by an appropriate choice of a feedback. It shows that there is currently no general design procedure for that purpose and the question of when such a controller exists has not been clarified yet. It is also shown that there are plants for which there is no controller that leads to an externally positive control loop.
CBIR aided classification using extreme learning machine with probabilistic scaling in MRI brain image
Authors: Geetha A. , Gomathi N. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn enormous number of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images were produced in hospitals and several MRI centers. To exploit the diagnosis in MRI brain image, “content-based image retrieval (CBIR)” system is accessed in the MRI brain image database. In this paper, a content-based MRI brain image retrieval system is presented, which is helpful in the medical field to seek a diagnosis in an MRI brain image that is similar to the example given. This paper consists of preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, similarity measure, and classification. In the preprocessing phase, the Wiener filter is used to remove the unwanted pixels from an MRI brain image. In the second phase, the features related to MRI brain image are extracted using characteristics of shape, margin, and density of the MRI. In the third stage, the features of MRI brain image were reduced using principal component analysis. CBIR classification is used in this method to gain effectual results. In the first stage, retrieval images are obtained using similarity measures using the similarity between the query image features and the derived trained image features. Finally, the classification stage is an extreme learning machine with probabilistic scaling used to classify the obtained retrieval output image and the query image. The result demonstrates that the proposed CBIR approach is robust and effectual compared with other latest work.
Förderung Kultureller Bildung – Herausforderung auch für Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken?
Authors: Sühl-Strohmenger Wilfried 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Im Rahmen der österreichischen BAM-Offensive wurde seinerzeit damit begonnen, die Bestände von Bibliotheken, Archiven und Museen unter einem Portal verfügbar zu machen, um die digitalisierten Objekte übergreifend für Zwecke der Bildung und der wissenschaftlichen Forschung zugänglich zu machen. Dieses Ziel verfolgen auch die Portale der Europeana sowie der Deutschen Digitalen Bibliothek (DDB). Aber nicht nur die wissenschaftliche Forschung soll dadurch unterstützt werden, sondern auch die Bildung insgesamt, insbesondere die Kulturelle Bildung. Inwieweit auch die Wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken mehr zur Förderung Kultureller Bildung beitragen könnten und sollten, ist Gegenstand dieses Artikels.
Prudent Rationalizability in Generalized Extensive-form Games with Unawareness
Authors: Heifetz Aviad , Meier Martin , Schipper Burkhard C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We define a cautious version of extensive-form rationalizability for generalized extensive-form games with unawareness that we call prudent rationalizability. It is an extensive-form analog of iterated admissibility. In each round of the procedure, for each tree and each information set of a player a surviving strategy of hers is required to be rational vis-a-vis a belief system with a full-support belief on the opponents' previously surviving strategies that reach that information set. We demonstrate the applicability of prudent rationalizability. In games of disclosure of verifiable information, we show that prudent rationalizability yields unraveling under full awareness but unraveling might fail under unawareness. We compare prudent rationalizability to extensive-form rationalizability. We show that prudent rationalizability may not refine extensive-form rationalizability strategies but conjecture that the paths induced by prudent rationalizable strategy profiles (weakly) refine the set of paths induced by extensive-form rationalizable strategies.
Design Thinking as a Framework for Innovation in Libraries
Authors: Bech-Petersen Sidsel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article presents human-centered design methods as a way to create relevant and vibrant libraries. Dokk1–the main library in Aarhus-is co-created with users, partners, and stakeholders. It has become an open, flexible library space that also uses technology as a way to invite the users to become part of the space. Using design thinking as a new way of working, co-creation also becomes a part of developing new services and spaces and a new way of working for the library staff.
The rhetorical works of the school of Gaza
Authors: Penella Robert J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper surveys the rhetorical works of the so-called School of Gaza of the late fifth and early sixth centuries in light of the recent wave of scholarship on the School. It focuses on themes, rhetorical genres, and structural features. The Gazan repertoire includes “real life” orations, declamations, dialexeis, progymnasmatic pieces, and oratorical paratexts such as preliminary dialexeis and protheōriai. The paper seeks to provide a map to this important but neglected body of texts, synthesizing recent scholarship and adding some of the author’s own observations along the way.
Coarticulation effects of contour tones in second language Chinese
Authors: Zhang Hang , Xie Yirui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study tests for evidence of tonal coarticulation effects, especially anticipatory effects, in production of non-native Chinese contour tones. Eighty second language learners of Chinese and ten native speakers participated in a main experiment and two supplementary experiments in which they produced both real and pseudo disyllabic words. Findings indicate that anticipatory coarticulation is relevant in L2 contour tone production. L2 speakers’ Tone 2 and to some extent Tone 4 tend to be less intelligible to native listeners when followed by tones starting with a high onset (Tone 1 or Tone 4) due to anticipatory coarticulation. Some similar and different tonal coarticulation effects between native Chinese speakers and second language learners of Chinese are also noted in the paper based on the experiment results. This study argues that a ‘universal’ coarticulatory constraint plays a role in shaping second language Chinese tone phonology.