bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fresh vs. frozen allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell grafts: A successful timely option
Authors: Alotaibi Ahmad S. , Prem Shruti , Chen Shiyi , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Kim Dennis D. , Viswabandya Auro , Kumar Rajat , Lam Wilson , Law Arjun D. , Mattsson Jonas , Michelis Fotios V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCryopreservation of grafts has been established in autologous and cord blood transplantation, yet there is little experience regarding the effect of cryopreservation with sibling and unrelated grafts. We evaluated the effect of cryopreservation of grafts on allogeneic transplant outcomes using related, unrelated and haploidentical donors, including 958 patients, age 18‐74 years (median 55) and using PBSC for various hematologic malignancies. Fresh grafts were received by 648 (68%) patients, 310 (32%) received cryopreserved. There was no difference between fresh vs cryopreserved grafts for neutrophil engraftment (P = .09), platelet engraftment (P = .11), graft failure (5.6% vs 6.8%, P = .46) and grade II‐IV acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) (P = .71), moderate/severe chronic GVHD was observed in 176 (27%) vs 123 (40%) patients, respectively (P < .001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated no difference between fresh vs cryopreserved for OS (P = .39) and CIR (P = .08) while fresh grafts demonstrated borderline increased NRM (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02‐1.59, P = .04). Of note, for patients with no or mild chronic GVHD, CIR was less for fresh compared to cryopreserved (HR = 0.67 for fresh, 95% CI 0.48‐0.92, P = .01). We conclude there were no differences in engraftment and survival between fresh and cryopreserved grafts for allogeneic HCT, thus establishing cryopreservation to be a safe option for allogeneic HCT.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) World Impact Survey (I‐WISh): Impact of ITP on health‐related quality of life
Authors: Cooper Nichola , Kruse Alexandra , Kruse Caroline , Watson Shirley , Morgan Mervyn , Provan Drew , Ghanima Waleed , Arnold Donald M. , Tomiyama Yoshiaki , Santoro Cristina , Michel Marc , Laborde Serge , Lovrencic Barbara , Hou Ming , Bailey Tom , Taylor‐Stokes Gavin , Haenig Jens , Bussel James B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has a substantial, multifaceted impact on patients' health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Data describing which aspects of ITP physicians and patients perceive as having the greatest impact are limited. The ITP World Impact Survey (I‐WISh) was a cross‐sectional survey, including 1507 patients and 472 physicians, to establish the impact of ITP on HRQoL and productivity from patient and physician perspectives. Patients reported that ITP reduced their energy levels (85% of patients), capacity to exercise (77%), and limited their ability to perform daily tasks (75%). Eighty percent of physicians reported that ITP symptoms reduced patient HRQoL, with 66% reporting ITP‐related fatigue substantially reduced patient HRQoL. Patients believed ITP had a substantial impact on emotional well‐being (49%) and 63% worried their condition would worsen. Because of ITP, 49% of patients had already reduced, or seriously considered reducing their working hours, and 29% had considered terminating their employment. Thirty‐six percent of patients employed at the time of the survey felt ITP decreased their work productivity, while 51% of patients with high/very high symptom burden reported that ITP affected their productivity. Note, I‐WISh demonstrated substantive impact of ITP on patients' HRQoL both directly for patients and from the viewpoint of their physicians. Patients reported reduced energy levels, expressed fears their condition might worsen, and those who worked experienced reduced productivity. Physicians should be aware not only of platelet counts and bleeding but also the multi‐dimensional impact of ITP on patients' lives as an integral component of disease management.
Climate, landscape diversity, and food sovereignty in arid Australia: The firestick farming hypothesis
Authors: Bliege Bird Rebecca , Bird Douglas W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveClimate change has long been recognized as a significant driver of dietary diversity and dietary quality. An often overlooked aspect of climate change are shifts in fire regimes, which have the potential to drastically affect landscape diversity, species distributions, and ultimately, human diets. Here, we investigate whether the fire regimes shaped by Indigenous Australians change landscape diversity in ways that improve dietary quality, considering both the diversity and the quantity of traditional foods in the diet.MethodsWe use structural equation modeling to explore two causal models of dietary quality, one focused on the direct effects of climate change and resource depression, the other incorporating the dietary effects of landscape diversity, itself a product of fire‐created patchiness. We draw on a focal camp dataset covering 10 years of observations of Martu foraging income in the Western Desert of Australia.ResultsWe find strong support for the hypothesis that fire‐created patchiness improves diet quality. Climate change (cumulative 2‐year rainfall) has only an indirect effect on dietary quality; the availability of traditional foods is mediated primarily through the landscape diversity shaped by fire.ConclusionsOur model suggests that the loss of the indigenous fire mosaic may lead to worsening availability of traditional foods, measured as both caloric intake and diet diversity. Because the effects of rainfall are mediated through landscape diversity, increased rainfall may not compensate for the recent changes in fire regimes resulting from the loss of Aboriginal fire from the landscape.
Kinetics of stone tool production among novice and expert tool makers
Authors: Williams‐Hatala Erin Marie , Hatala Kevin G. , Key Alastair , Dunmore Christopher J. , Kasper Margaret , Gordon McKenzie , Kivell Tracy L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesAs is the case among many complex motor tasks that require prolonged practice before achieving expertise, aspects of the biomechanics of knapping vary according to the relative experience/skill level of the practitioner. In archaeological experiments focused on the production of Plio‐Pleistocene stone tools, these skill‐mediated biomechanical differences have bearings on experimental design, the interpretation of results, and lithic assemblage analysis. A robust body of work exists on variation in kinematic patterns across skill levels but less is known about potential kinetic differences. The current study was undertaken to better understand kinetic patterns observed across skill levels during “Oldowan,” freehand stone tool production.Materials and MethodsManual pressure data were collected from 23 novice and 9 expert stone tool makers during the production of simple stone flakes using direct hard hammer percussion.ResultsResults show that expert tool makers experienced significantly lower cumulative pressure magnitudes and pressure–time integral magnitudes compared with novices. In expert knappers, digits I and II experienced similarly high pressures (both peak pressure and pressure–time integrals) and low variability in pressure relative to digits III–V. Novices, in contrast, tended to hold hammerstones such that pressure patterns were similar across digits II–V, and they showed low variability on digit I only.DiscussionThe similar and consistent emphasis of the thumb by both skill groups indicates the importance of this digit in stabilizing the hammerstone. The emphasis placed on digit II is exclusive to expert knappers, and so this digit may offer osteological signals diagnostic of habitual expert tool production.
Prevalence of cranial trauma in Eurasian Upper Paleolithic humans
Authors: Beier Judith , Anthes Nils , Wahl Joachim , Harvati Katerina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study characterizes patterns of cranial trauma prevalence in a large sample of Upper Paleolithic (UP) fossil specimens (40,000–10,000 BP).Materials and MethodsOur sample comprised 234 individual crania (specimens), representing 1,285 cranial bones (skeletal elements), from 101 Eurasian UP sites. We used generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to assess trauma prevalence in relation to age‐at‐death, sex, anatomical distribution, and between pre‐ and post‐Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) samples, while accounting for skeletal preservation.ResultsModels predicted a mean cranial trauma prevalence of 0.07 (95% CI 0.003–0.19) at the level of skeletal elements, and of 0.26 (95% CI 0.08–0.48) at the level of specimens, each when 76–100% complete. Trauma prevalence increased with skeletal preservation. Across specimen and skeletal element datasets, trauma prevalence tended to be higher for males, and was consistently higher in the old age group. We found no time‐specific trauma prevalence patterns for the two sexes or age cohorts when comparing samples from before and after the LGM. Samples showed higher trauma prevalence in the vault than in the face, with vault remains being affected predominantly in males.DiscussionCranial trauma prevalence in UP humans falls within the variation described for Mesolithic and Neolithic samples. According to our current dataset, UP males and females were exposed to slightly different injury risks and trauma distributions, potentially due to different activities or behaviors, yet both sexes exhibit more trauma among the old. Environmental stressors associated with climatic changes of the LGM are not reflected in cranial trauma prevalence. To analyze trauma in incomplete skeletal remains we propose GLMMs as an informative alternative to crude frequency calculations.
Factors associated with the progression of traumatic intracranial hematoma during interventional radiology to establish hemostasis of extracranial hemorrhagic injury in severe multiple trauma patients
Authors: Ochiai Hidenobu , Abe Tomohiro , Okuyama Hironobu , Nagamine Yasuhiro , Morisada Sunao , Kanemaru Katsuhiro 
Published: October 2020

AimTo identify factors affecting the progression of traumatic intracranial hemorrhagic injury (t‐ICH) during interventional radiology (IVR) for the hemostasis of extracranial hemorrhagic injury.MethodsThis was a retrospective comparative study. Fifty‐two patients with t‐ICH who underwent hemostasis using IVR for extracranial trauma at our institute were included. Clinical and computed tomography scan data were collected to investigate factors associated with t‐ICH progression.ResultsFifty‐two subjects (36 men/16 women) with a mean age of 70.9 ± 19.2 years were analyzed. The mean Injury Severity Score was 34.9 ± 11.2. In 29 patients (55.7%), t‐ICH progressed during IVR. Hematoma progression frequently occurred in patients with acute subdural hematoma (56.2%) and traumatic intracerebral hematoma/hemorrhagic brain contusion (66.6%). Factors associated with t‐ICH progression included age (P = 0.029), consciousness level at admission (P = 0.001), Revised Trauma Scale (P = 0.036), probability of survival (P = 0.043), platelet count (P = 0.005), fibrinogen level (P = 0.016), hemoglobin level (P = 0.003), D‐dimer level (P = 0.046), and red blood cell transfusion volume (P = 0.023).ConclusionAggressive correction of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and low fibrinogen levels in severe consciousness disturbance patients with acute subdural hematoma and traumatic intracerebral hematoma/hemorrhagic brain contusion could improve the prognosis after IVR for hemostasis of extracranial hemorrhagic injuries.
Fabrication of large‐area linear and nonlinear surface ripple structures on polystyrene films
Authors: Liu Chao‐Hwa , Lin Chia‐Hong , Lin Ching‐Bin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRipple structures have been used in electronics, optics, magnetics, chemistry, and structural coloration. Commonly used methods for manufacturing large‐area polymeric thin films with ripple structures include mechanical buckling, fracture‐induced structures (FISs), and laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). In this study, we further proposed two FIS methods to fabricate easily and quickly large area self‐generated nonlinear and linear micro‐ripple structures. The initially featureless polystyrene film was effectively bonded between two rigid JIS SKD 61 (SKD61) steel cylinders and two soft PET films and then peeled off, the latter was cryogenically treated in liquid nitrogen before peeling off, the polystyrene film fractured into two complementary sets of nonlinear and linear micro‐ripple structures of the same period. The SKD61/ polystyrene (PS)/SKD61 sandwiched film used a slower peeling velocity and a thinner polystyrene film, which could fabricate a more complete and shorter period nonlinear wave structure. As the PET/PS/PET sandwiched film was cryogenically processed, it could produce a steeper waveform and flat valley linear ripple structures without cracks and ripple dislocations, with a period about 37 μm and an area about 300 cm2.
A Boron Dipyrromethene‐Based Fluorescence ‘OFF‐ON’ Probe for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Palladium(II) Ions and Its Application in Live Cell Imaging
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Fei , Ma Qinhai , Wang Zhoulang , Xie Zeqiang , Song Yu , Ma Yanfang , Yang Zifeng , Zhao Xin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)‐based fluorescent probe BDP−Pd was designed and synthesized. Upon coordination with Pd2+, the emission of the probe at 508 nm significantly increased, showing an ‘OFF‐ON’ fluorescence response. The complexation of BDP−Pd with Pd2+ in both acetonitrile and aqueous solution were then studied by absorption and fluorescence spectra. The binding stoichiometry between the probe and Pd2+ was found to be 1 : 2, and the binding constant was determined to be 8.5×1010 M−2 and 8.2×1010 M−2 in acetonitrile and aqueous solution, respectively. The probe exhibited a detection limit as low as 0.72 ppb toward Pd2+ with no obvious interference from up to 21 species of common metal ions, suggesting BDP−Pd as a sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for Pd2+ detection. The fast fluorescence ‘OFF‐ON’ phenomenon of the probe upon coordination with Pd2+ ions could be easily observed by a hand‐hold UV lamp under naked eye in solution as well as on homemade test trips. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to give the optimized structure of complex BDP−Pd : 2Pd2+ and rationalize the detection mechanism through a prohibited intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process. The bio‐imaging application of the probe was investigated and it showed excellent cell permeability for fluorescent imaging of Pd2+ ions in A549 human non‐small cell lung cancer cells.
How permeable could a reverse osmosis membrane be if it was specifically developed for uncharged organic solute rejection?
Authors: Wang Jinwen , Mo Yibing , McVerry Brian T. , Mahendra Shaily , Kaner Richard B. , Hoek Eric M.V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHere, we present both experimental data and modeling results of the removal of four different polar organic solutes by six different commercial nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in a natural groundwater matrix. These results are significant for two reasons. First, three of the polar organic solutes are contaminants commonly found in both drinking water aquifers and municipal wastewaters and, hence, are particularly relevant to the protection of public health in drinking water production and potable reuse applications. Second, our membrane transport model can be used (1) to understand the fundamental mechanism governing uncharged, polar organic solute rejection and (2) to make forward predictions about how one might alter NF/RO membrane chemistry and structure to achieve a desired level of rejection. Perhaps a disappointing conclusion is that, for uncharged, polar organic solutes, the only obvious means of improving rejection is to reduce pore size, increase barrier layer thickness, and/or decrease barrier layer porosity, all of which reduce water permeability and energy efficiency. However disappointing this conclusion may be, we believe the fundamental insights that can be derived from this work are significant and important for the drinking water and water reuse scientific communities.
Functional and genomic characterization of patient‐derived xenograft model to study the adaptation to mTORC1 inhibitor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sakamoto Hiromasa , Yamasaki Toshinari , Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Takeda Masashi , Shibasaki Noboru , Utsunomiya Noriaki , Arakaki Ryuichiro , Akamatsu Shusuke , Kobayashi Takashi , Inoue Takahiro , Kamba Tomomi , Nakamura Eijiro , Ogawa Osamu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResistance to the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, which are a standard treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), eventually develops in most cases. In this study, we established a patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model which acquired resistance to the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus, and explored the underlying mechanisms of resistance acquisition. Temsirolimus was administered to PDX model mice, and one cohort of PDX models acquired resistance after repeated passages. PDX tumors were genetically analyzed by whole‐exome sequencing and detected several genetic alterations specific to resistant tumors. Among them, mutations in ANKRD12 and DNMT1 were already identified in the early passage of a resistant PDX model, and we focused on a DNMT1 mutation as a potential candidate for developing the resistant phenotype. While DNMT1 expression in temsirolimus‐resistant tumors was comparable with the control tumors, DNMT enzyme activity was decreased in resistant tumors compared with controls. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9‐mediated heterozygous knockdown of DNMT1 in the temsirolimus‐sensitive ccRCC (786‐O) cell line was shown to result in a temsirolimus‐resistant phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Integrated gene profiles using methylation and microarray analyses of PDX tumors suggested a global shift for the hypomethylation status including promotor regions, and showed the upregulation of several molecules that regulate the mTOR pathway in temsirolimus‐resistant tumors. Present study showed the feasibility of PDX model to explore the mechanisms of mTOR resistance acquisition and suggested that genetic alterations, including that of DNMT1, which alter the methylation status in cancer cells, are one of the potential mechanisms of developing resistance to temsirolimus.
Prognostic value of radiation interruption in different periods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the intensity‐modulated radiation therapy era
Authors: Yang Xing‐Li , Zhou Guan‐Qun , Lin Li , Zhang Lu‐Lu , Chen Fo‐Ping , Lv Jia‐Wei , Kou Jia , Wen Dan‐Wan , Ma Jun , Sun Ying , Mao Yan‐Ping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the prognostic value of radiation interruptions at different times on the overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving intensity‐modulated radiation therapy. Totally, 4510 patients were identified from a well‐established big‐data intelligence platform. Optimal interruption thresholds were identified using Recursive partitioning analyses. Actuarial rates were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method and were compared using the log‐rank test. Patients with preceding interruptions ≥1 d (5‐year OS, 89.6% vs. 85.7%, p < 0.001; 5‐year DFS, 81.4% vs. 76.4%, p < 0.001), or latter interruptions ≥4 d (88.4% vs. 82.3%, p < 0.001; 79.2% vs. 75.1%, p = 0.006) showed significant detrimental effects on OS and DFS than patients without those interruptions. However, no significant lower survival was identified in latter interruptions ≥1 d (5‐year OS: 89.0% vs. 86.7%, p = 0.053; 5‐year DFS, 80.2% vs. 77.8%, p = 0.080). Latter interruptions ≥4 d was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for OS (HR, 1.404; 95% CI, 1.143–1.723, p = 0.001) and DFS (HR, 1.351; 95% CI, 1.105–1.652, p = 0.003) in multivariate analysis. Radiation interruptions longer than 3 days that occurred in the latter period of treatment with IMRT were independent factors in poorer survival. Efforts are needed to minimize radiation interruptions and improve the timely provision of treatment.
Safety and efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy in oncology: A systematic review
Authors: Bensadoun René‐Jean , Epstein Joel B. , Nair Raj G. , Barasch Andrei , Raber‐Durlacher Judith E. , Migliorati Cesar , Genot‐Klastersky Marie‐Thérèse , Treister Nathaniel , Arany Praveen , Lodewijckx Joy , Robijns Jolien ,   the World Association for Laser Therapy (WALT)
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe performed a systematic review of the current literature addressing the safety and efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in cancer patients. In this systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, which investigated the effect of PBMT on cell proliferation/differentiation, tumor growth, recurrence rate, and/or overall survival were included. The Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched through April 2020. A total of 67 studies met the inclusion criteria with 43 in vitro, 15 in vivo, and 9 clinical studies identified. In vitro studies investigating the effect of PBMT on a diverse range of cancer cell lines demonstrated conflicting results. This could be due to the differences in used parameters and the frequency of PBM applications. In vivo studies and clinical trials with a follow‐up period demonstrated that PBMT is safe with regards to tumor growth and patient advantage in the prevention and treatment of specific cancer therapy‐related complications. Current human studies, supported by most animal studies, show safety with PBMT using currently recommended clinical parameters, including in Head & Neck cancer (HNC) in the area of PBMT exposure. A significant and growing literature indicates that PBMT is safe and effective, and may even offer a benefit in patient overall survival. Nevertheless, continuing research is indicated to improve understanding and provide further elucidation of remaining questions regarding PBM use in oncology.
Rectus sheath hematoma in patients receiving subcutaneous enoxaparin: A case series of five patients
Authors: Mendes Diogo , Penedones Ana , Martins Michele , Cavadas Susana , Alves Carlos , Batel‐Marques Francisco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhysicians must acknowledge the potential risk of RSH with enoxaparin. Switching home anticoagulation by enoxaparin upon hospital admission is common, but it may put patients at higher risk for RSH. Management guidelines are needed in this setting.
Three‐Dimensional SnS2 Nanoarrays with Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Storage Properties
Authors: Shi Xinyu , Yang Zuguang , Liu Yumei , Tang Yi , Liu Yuxia , Gao Shuyan , Yang Yan , Chen Xianyong , Zhong Yanjun , Wu Zhenguo , Guo Xiaodong , Zhong Benhe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) SnS2 nanoarrays were obtained by oriented‐growth of nanosheets on 3D porous carbon substrates derived from Co‐based zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF‐67. With the structure advantages of shortened ion diffusion length, high stress relief volume and enhanced conductivity, the 3D SnS2 nanoarrays display favorable lithium‐ion storage properties, possessing a high reversible capacity (658 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, after 100 cycles) and outstanding rate property (651 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1). This strategy paves a method for designing other 3D metal sulfides nanoarrays for energy storage application.