bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory physiological perturbations after acute smoke-induced lung injury and during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in sheep
Authors: Chemonges Saul 
Published: July 2020

Background: Numerous successful therapies developed for human medicine involve animal experimentation. Animal studies that are focused solely on translational potential, may not sufficiently document unexpected outcomes. Considerable amounts of data from such studies could be used to advance veterinary science. For example, sheep are increasingly being used as models of intensive care and therefore, data arising from such models must be published. In this study, the hypothesis is that there is little information describing cardiorespiratory physiological data from sheep models of intensive care and the author aimed to analyse such data to provide biological information that is currently not available for sheep that received extracorporeal life support (ECLS) following acute smoke-induced lung injury. Methods: Nineteen mechanically ventilated adult ewes undergoing intensive care during evaluation of a form of ECLS (treatment) for acute lung injury were used to collate clinical observations. Eight sheep were injured by acute smoke inhalation prior to treatment (injured/treated), while another eight were not injured but treated (uninjured/treated). Two sheep were injured but not treated (injured/untreated), while one received room air instead of smoke as the injury and was not treated (placebo/untreated). The data were then analysed for 11 physiological categories and compared between the two treated groups. Results: Compared with the baseline, treatment contributed to and exacerbated the deterioration of pulmonary pathology by reducing lung compliance and the arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) ratio. The oxygen extraction index changes mirrored those of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. Decreasing coronary perfusion pressure predicted the severity of cardiopulmonary injury. Conclusions: These novel observations could help in understanding similar pathology such as that which occurs in animal victims of smoke inhalation from house or bush fires, aspiration pneumonia secondary to tick paralysis and in the management of the severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans.
Anti-c-myc cholesterol based lipoplexes as onco-nanotherapeutic agents in vitro
Authors: Habib Saffiya , Daniels Aliscia , Ariatti Mario , Singh Moganavelli 
Published: July 2020

Background: Strategies aimed at inhibiting the expression of the c-myc oncogene could provide the basis for alternative cancer treatment. In this regard, silencing c-myc expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is an attractive option. However, the development of a clinically viable, siRNA-based, c-myc silencing system is largely dependent upon the design of an appropriate siRNA carrier that can be easily prepared. Nanostructures formed by the electrostatic association of siRNA and cationic lipid vesicles represent uncomplicated siRNA delivery systems. Methods: This study has focused on cationic liposomes prepared with equimolar quantities of the cytofectin, N,N-dimethylaminopropylamido-succinylcholesteryl-formylhydrazide (MS09), and cholesterol (Chol) for the development of a simple, but effective anti-c-myc onco-nanotherapeutic agent. Liposomes formulated with dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) in place of Chol as the co-lipid were included for comparative purposes. Results: Liposomes successfully bound siRNA forming lipoplexes of less than 200 nm in size, which assumed globular, bilamellar structures. The liposome formulations were well tolerated in the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and colon carcinoma (HT-29) cells, which overexpress c-myc. Lipoplexes directed against the c-myc transcript mediated a dramatic reduction in c-myc mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, oncogene knockdown and anti-cancer effects were superior to that of Lipofectamine™ 3000. Conclusion: This anti-c-myc MS09:Chol lipoplex exemplifies a simple anticancer agent with enhanced c-myc gene silencing potential in vitro.
The efficacy of guided growth as an initial strategy for Blount disease treatment
Authors: Danino Barry , Rödl Robert , Herzenberg John E. , Shabtai Lior , Grill Franz , Narayanan Unni , Gigi Roy , Segev Eitan , Wientroub Shlomo 
Published: July 2020

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the success of guided growth by temporal hemiepiphysiodesis of the lateral proximal tibia as a first line treatment option for Blount disease. Methods This was a retrospective multicentre study conducted in five centres, covering data on 55 limbs in 45 patients, with an average follow-up of 24.5 months following plate insertion. Preoperative alignment analysis was compared with three measurements taken postoperatively. The normalization of the mechanical medial proximal tibia angle (mMPTA) was defined as the primary outcome measure. Results Mean age at surgery was 9.5 years. Average preoperative mMPTA was 77°. On average, at 24.5 months post-surgery, mMPTA was 86.33°, while 43/55 limbs (78.18%) have achieved normalization (mMPTA 85° to 90°). Average rate of correction was 1° per month. When grouping the children as infantile (11 limbs), juvenile (12 limbs) and adolescent (32 limbs), operated on before the age of four years, between four and ten years and after the age of ten years, respectively, 63.63%, 66.67%, 87.5% have completed correction of deformity during the follow-up period. Interestingly, the femoral component of the deformity has achieved correction as well in 33/55 limbs (64%). Conclusion Hemiepiphysiodesis is an effective first line treatment for Blount disease. Overall success rate is good but varies according to child's age. Adolescent Blount has the best chance of achieving full correction while same treatment is less effective in infantile Blount. Level of evidence: IV
Double layer SiO2–TiO2 sol–gel thin films on glass for antireflection, antifogging, and UV recoverable self-cleaning
Authors: Fardo F. M. , Ribeiro R. S. , Strauss J. A. , Nardi J. , Ferreira L. C. , Schmökel G. , Costa T. M. H. , Pereira M. B. , Horowitz F. 
Published: July 2020

Double layer thin films, mechanically stable and adhering to glass, were produced through the sol–gel process, using tetraethyl orthosilicate and titanium butoxide as precursors. The refractive index of the titania and silica–titania composite layers were typically 2.1 and 1.7, and their physical thicknesses were approximately 65 nm and 81 nm, respectively, as determined by ellipsometry. These optical constants allowed attainment of quarter-wave optical thicknesses at the center of the visible spectrum (550 nm) as designed, with an increase of 3.4% in transmittance. The nanometric surface roughness, measured by optical profilometry, was effective to decrease light scattering and water contact angles to below 10°. As novelty in dip-coated sol–gel films, superhydrophilicity for self-cleaning, antifogging, and antireflection in the mid-visible spectrum were simultaneously attained with durability of 9 weeks in the dark. Further application of UV light allowed regeneration of contact angles for self-cleaning.
Temperature measurement with compositional correction of gas mixture based on laser-induced plasma
Authors: Li Shishi , Dong Meirong , Cheng Lihua , Luo Fasheng , Zhao Weihao , Lu Jidong 
Published: July 2020

Laser-induced breakdown plasma was used for gas temperature measurement based on the residual energy of a laser pulse defined as the laser energy detected in the beam path as well as plasma emissions. Gas mixtures with different compositions (

O

2

/

N

2

,

O

2

/

C
O

2

, and

O

2

/

N

2

/

C
O

2

) were used to simulate the main components of combustion products at different temperatures. First, the correlation of residual energy and gas temperature was investigated, which showed that the residual energy increased with an increase in the gas temperature. The results showed that it also relates to the gas composition, which would affect the characteristics of laser-induced plasma. Then the spectral emission ratio of the plasma (O/N, O/C, and C/N) was obtained simultaneously to correct the compositional effect on the temperature measurement. Finally, the gas temperature with different components can be obtained by the equation coupled with the gas temperature, residual energy, and gas composition. The corrected temperature is consistent with that obtained by thermocouple and the gas temperature measurement error is less than 3.5% in the range from 309 K to 548 K.
Fast rigorous mask model for extreme ultraviolet lithography
Authors: Zhang Zinan , Li Sikun , Wang Xiangzhao , Cheng Wei 
Published: July 2020

The calculation of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask diffraction spectrum is the key of EUV lithography simulation. In this paper, a fast rigorous EUV mask model is proposed to calculate the diffraction spectrum fast and accurately. Based on the mask structure decomposition method, the relationship among the region diffraction, the boundary diffraction of the absorber, and the direction of incident light is analyzed at first. Then the frequency-domain functions related to angle of incidence and diffraction angle are established to model the geometrical and boundary diffraction of the absorber. The fast rigorous EUV mask model is established by combining the equivalent layer multilayer model based on the Fresnel formula and the accurate absorber model. Simulations and comparisons show the effectiveness of the proposed model. For the 14 nm vertical line-space pattern, the calculation errors of critical dimension (CD) via the proposed model are reduced by 80.6% and 93.9% compared with the structure decomposition method for dense and isolate features.
Velocity and size measurement of droplets from an ultrasonic spray coater using photon correlation spectroscopy and turbidimetry
Authors: Verding Pieter , Deferme Wim , Steffen Werner 
Published: July 2020

We have developed a combination of light scattering techniques to study and characterize droplets of an ultrasonic spray coater in flight. For this economically relevant spray coater, there is so far no reliable technique to systematically adjust the experimental parameters. We have combined photon correlation spectroscopy and turbidimetry to determine the size and speed of the droplets depending on parameters of the printing process as shroud gas pressure, flow rate, and atomizing power. Our method will allow us to predetermine these parameters to control the properties of the coated films as, e.g., thickness from tens of nanometers to micrometers.
Linear-in-wavenumber actively-mode-locked wavelength-swept laser
Authors: Lee Hwidon , Kim Gyeong Hun , Villiger Martin , Jang Hansol , Bouma Brett E. , Kim Chang-Seok 
Published: July 2020

We report on an akinetic actively-mode-locked wavelength-swept laser (ASL) with a sweep that is highly linear in wavenumber. By tailoring the drive waveform of the intracavity modulator, the wavenumber sweep was further linearized to enable high fidelity frequency-domain interferometric ranging without resampling of the acquired data. Used for catheter-based optical coherence tomography, the ASL showed comparable imaging performance to a state-of-the-art polygon-based wavelength-swept source at a matching sweep rate of 103.6 kHz, a duty cycle of 95%, and a bandwidth of 100 nm, centered at 1330 nm.
Living with Myths in Singapore, Loh Kah Seng, Thum Ping Tjin and Jack Meng-Tat Chia (eds) (2017)
Authors: Wong Yew-Leong 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Living with Myths in Singapore, Loh Kah Seng, Thum Ping Tjin and Jack Meng-Tat Chia (eds) (2017)
Singapore: Ethos Books, 340 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-81113-281-0, p/bk, SGD 30
Lowering the Voting Age to 16: Learning from Real Experiences Worldwide, Jan Eichorn and Johannes Bergh (eds) (2019)
Authors: Davies Ian 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Lowering the Voting Age to 16: Learning from Real Experiences Worldwide, Jan Eichorn and Johannes Bergh (eds) (2019)
Switzerland: Springer, 245 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-03032-541-1, e-book, €103.99
Prewriting your Screenplay: A Step-by-Step Guide to Generating Stories, Michael Tabb (2019)
Authors: Kirk Laura 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Prewriting your Screenplay: A Step-by-Step Guide to Generating Stories, Michael Tabb (2019)
Abingdon and New York: Routledge, 212 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13848-228-9, h/bk, $151.91, p/bk, $39.95, digital, $37.95
Fade in, Crossroads: A History of the Southern Cinema, Robert Jackson (2017)
Authors: Dyson Kris 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Fade in, Crossroads: A History of the Southern Cinema, Robert Jackson (2017)
New York: Oxford University Press, 344 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19066-018-5, p/bk, $34.95,
ISBN 978-0-19066-017-8, h/bk, $99.00,
ISBN 978-0-19066-020-8, epub, $34.95
The Art of Dramatic Writing: Its Basis in the Creative Interpretation of Human Motives, Lajos Egri (1972)
Authors: Rawls Rene 
Published: July 2020

Review of: The Art of Dramatic Writing: Its Basis in the Creative Interpretation of Human Motives, Lajos Egri (1972)
Originally published by Simon&Schuster in 1942 as How to Write a Play

New York: Touchstone, 320 pp.,
ISBN-13 978-0-67121-332-9, p/bk, $18.00
Movimentos feministas e LGBTS no Brasil e o enfrentamento da repressão e do obscurantismo em dois tempos: uma luta “menor”?
Authors: Silva Daniel Henrique de Oliveira , Carneiro Maria Elizabeth Ribeiro 
Published: July 2020

No Brasil, os movimentos LGBTs e feministas foram considerados “lutas menores” em discursos das esquerdas no período da ditadura militar (1964- 1985) e também nos dia atuais? Tal questionamento movimenta esta análise em que se busca pensar uma relação entre discursos que se reiteram em torno da crítica às bandeiras identitárias dos movimentos sociais, em diferentes momentos da história recente, porém ambos marcados pela repressão a populações marginalizadas e pela retirada de direitos sociais.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ditadura Militar. LGBTs. Feminismos. Movimentos de Esquerda.
Negra e Acadêmica
Authors: Borba Carolina dos Anjos , Silva Fabiane Moreira da , Rosa Sanciaray Yarha Silva da 
Published: July 2020

A vida acadêmica nos revela diferentes desafios, que se intensificam com as sobreposições de opressões sociais como racismo, machismo, homofobia e desigualdade econômica. O artigo visa refletir sobre os impasses que mulheres negras encontram ao ocupar esse espaço de poder. Sabemos que o ingresso das estudantes negras na universidade, mesmo com políticas afirmativas, ainda não atingiu um nível igualitário de oportunidades, e quando se trata de permanência nesses espaços a dificuldade para alunas negras se agrava. Buscamos refletir sobre os problemas enfrentados no percurso da graduação com diferentes relatos de estudantes negras, abordando casos de racismo institucional e discriminação racial. A escolha dos autores que embasam nossa discussão também tem uma afinidade com a discussão decolonial e de interculturalidade dos saberes, buscando um olhar diferenciado sobre a solidão que esse espaço de poder, ocupado muito recentemente por mulheres negras, produz no seu processo de individualização e exclusão dos diferentes. Apresentamos uma provocação sobre estratégias de sobrevivência e de coletividade num espaço que não é convidativo e individualiza os corpos, e estratégias de resistência e construção de pensamentos insubmissos sobre o ensino superior.
PALAVRAS CHAVE: Feminismo Negro, Racismo, Relações Etnicorraciais, Educação.
System of Guarantees of Civil Rights: Constitutional and Branch Specifics
Authors: METSGER Andrey A. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. The study is relevant since the meaning and purpose of special (legal or juridical) guarantees is to establish such legal institutes that would provide legal means for the implementation of rights and duties, as well as protect the rights of citizens from violations by officials, government bodies and other citizens. Adhering to the traditional scientific classification of legal guarantees, the authors of the article distinguish between guarantees of implementing and guarantees of protecting personal security based on their functions.
Objective. The article aims at studying the system of guarantees of civil rights with due regard to their constitutional and branch specifics. Special attention is paid to general guarantees of civil rights embracing ideological, economic, social and political factors that create the best conditions and prerequisites for the realization of civil rights and freedoms at the current development of society and state.
Methods. The main research method was deduction used for studying the legal nature and specifics of the system of guarantees of civil rights with due regard to their constitutional and branch aspects. The authors of the article also used the inductive, comparative-legal and historical methods, as well as the method of systematic scientific analysis. To solve the task, it is necessary to consider the legal foundations and features of implementing guarantees of civil rights as exemplified by modern Russia.
Results. The article proves that the structure of guarantees of personal rights in the Russian Federation still has not been resolved from the theoretical viewpoint. The authors of the article claim that it is necessary to highlight such a type as organizational guarantees. While studying guarantees of personal security, scholars also need to consider that this right belongs to the system of personal rights, whose full list is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. At the same time, ensuring personal rights and civil freedoms is a significant task of many state structures, including internal affairs bodies.
Factor Analysis of the Income of the Trade Service Company Based on its Sensitivity Evaluation
Authors: PETRUCHENYA I.V. , BATRAEVA E.A. , SUSLOVA J.J. , VOLOSHIN A.V. , BATRAEV M.D. 
Published: July 2020

The issues of improving the methods for analyzing the income of the service company by the example of trade are discussed in the article. The main emphasis in the study is made on the factor analysis of gross income: a classification of factors into overt and latent is proposed for calculating the coefficients of its sensitivity to changes in factors by various methods, for ranking them by significance, and estimating the impact of changes in resource potential on income. The proposed additional areas of revenue analysis will improve the quality of analytical work and allow to take a more informed approach to the development of areas for their growth.
Comparison between Loading Rate and Local Stress Rate When Applying ASTM E1921 at Elevated Loading Rates
Authors: Mayer Uwe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ASTM E1921-2019b, Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range, Annex 1, describes the determination of the reference temperature T0,X for a loading rate X for ferritic steels in the transition range, where X corresponds to the logarithm of the average loading rate for the tests performed, rounded to the nearest integer. Within the framework of three research projects on dynamic crack initiation and crack arrest, funded by the German government, fracture mechanics tests using specimens of 22NiMoCr3-7 steel (A 508 Grade 2 Cl.1) were performed in a range from 102 MPa√m s−1 to 106 MPa√m s−1 at different temperatures in the ductile to brittle transition region. The Weibull stress rate was calculated from the results of a numerical analysis of tests with 1-inch compact tension (1T C(T)) specimens. The modified three-parameter Beremin model of Petti and Dodds was used, since this approach is congruent with the Master Curve method. In addition to the stress parameters corresponding to Kmin and K0, the Weibull exponent can be calibrated using the experimental results. The analysis shows the effect of the Weibull exponent on the time-dependent Weibull stress rate for a dynamic 1T C(T) test. Contrary to the loading rate calculated from KJc divided by the time to cleavage according to ASTM E1921, the Weibull stress rate decreases with increasing plastic behavior. This has to be considered when the dynamic reference temperature T0,X is determined using results from tests with large plastic contribution.
Testing the transdiagnostic hypothesis of inhibitory control deficits in addictions: An experimental study on gambling disorder
Authors: Penolazzi Barbara , Del Missier Fabio , Stramaccia Davide Francesco , Monego Anna Laura , Castelli Luigi , Manzan Amalia , Bertoli Marco , Galfano Giovanni 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsMany psychopathologies, including addictions, are characterized by inhibitory control deficits. In this regard, recent studies on substance-related disorders (SRD) have shown an impairment in the ability to inhibit potentially interfering memories, despite preserved motor inhibition. To investigate whether the same dissociation could also characterize gambling disorder (GD) in a transdiagnostic perspective, we tested both cognitive and motor inhibitory processes through dedicated tasks, for the first time in this behavioral addiction.Methods30 outpatients with GD and 30 healthy controls performed a go/no-go task addressing the integrity of motor inhibition, and the Retrieval Practice Paradigm, a task addressing the integrity of memory inhibition as indexed by the Retrieval-Induced Forgetting (RIF) effect. Self-report questionnaires assessing impulsivity were also administered.ResultsWhereas RIF was similar across the two groups, patients showed more commission errors in the go/no-go task, and higher self-rated scores of impulsivity than controls.DiscussionThe present findings suggest preserved memory inhibition and impaired motor response inhibition in GD, a pattern of inhibitory deficits opposite to that previously reported for SRD. Therefore, although both GD and SRD are characterized by altered inhibitory processing, a more fine-grained analysis revealed a specific inhibitory profile indicating vulnerability in different inhibitory components.ConclusionThe present study highlights the need to investigate the multifaceted construct of inhibition more thoroughly, using performance measures able to assess its various components. This approach would enable to both better characterize different psychopathologies and orient their treatment.