bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandora’s Problem with Combinatorial Cost
Authors: Berger Ben , Ezra Tomer , Feldman Michal , Fusco Federico 
Published: December 2024

Pandora’s problem is a fundamental model in economics that studies optimal search strategies under costly inspection. In this paper, we initiate the study of Pandora’s problem with combinatorial costs, capturing applications where search cost is nonadditive. Weitzman’s celebrated algorithm (1979) demonstrates that for additive costs, the optimal search strategy is nonadaptive and computationally feasible. We inquire to which extent this structural and computational simplicity extends beyond additive costs. Our main result is that the class of submodular cost functions admits an optimal strategy that follows a fixed order, thus preserving the structural simplicity of additive costs. In contrast, for the more general class of subadditive (or even fractionally subadditive) cost functions, the optimal strategy may inevitably determine the search order adaptively. On the computational side, obtaining any approximation to the optimal utility requires superpolynomially many queries to the cost function, even for a strict subclass of submodular cost functions. Funding: B. Berger and M. Feldman are partially supported by the HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council [Grant 866132] and the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation [Grant 2020788]. T. Ezra is supported by the Harvard University Center of Mathematical Sciences and Applications. F. Fusco is partially supported by the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) by Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca [Project IR0000013-SoBigData.it] and the Future Artificial Intelligence Research project funded by the NextGenerationEU program within the National Recovery and Resilience Plan Extended Partnership for Artificial Intelligence (PNRR-PE-AI) scheme [Grant M4C2, investment 1.3, line on Artificial Intelligence]. Additionally, this work was supported by Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca [Grant ALGADIMAR], the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 317/17], the Amazon Research Award, and the HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council [Grant 788893].
Anaemia of inflammation preceding dyspnoea, dry cough and weight loss in primary pulmonary lymphoma
Authors: Schattner Ami , Rokach Ariel , Vernea Fiona , Spector Maria , Filanovsky Kalman 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: There is little information in the literature on the early, sub-clinical stage and laboratory test results in patients with primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the lung, a rare disease. Case description: In a 75-year-old man, an open lung biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of primary pulmonary lymphoma was preceded by almost six months of anaemia of inflammatory disease and monocytosis without any pulmonary symptoms. When he developed a dry cough, increasing dyspnoea and marked weight loss, these changes deepened and became associated with reactive thrombocytosis; markedly increased ferritin and C-reactive protein (positive acute-phase reactants), as well as reduced albumin and transferrin (negative acute-phase reactants). Globulins increased, due to an increase in the alpha1, alpha2 and gamma fractions, and mild hyponatraemia developed due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) secondary to the intrathoracic disease. All these changes were completely reversible following successful treatment and complete remission. Conclusion: The previously unreported detailed laboratory features of early, sub-clinical and advanced primary pulmonary lymphoma are presented. When a potentially susceptible patient develops an unexplained anaemia of inflammatory disease, primary pulmonary lymphoma should be added to the differential diagnosis.
The Application of Concept Map Thinking Combined with Kolcaba’s Comfort Nursing in the Perioperative Care of Patients Undergoing Nasal Deformity Correction
Authors: Deng Yunping , Tian Yu , Guo Chang , Fan Yunping , Guan Jiaoqiong , Wang Yue 
Published: December 2024

Aims/Background By addressing patients’ physical, psychological, social, cultural, and environmental comfort needs holistically, Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory raises the standard of care and increases patient satisfaction. This study explored the combined application of these nursing models during the perioperative period for patients undergoing nasal deformity correction surgery. Methods 92 patients undergoing nasal deformity correction at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were randomly divided into two groups: the conventional group (46 patients), which received standard perioperative nursing care, and the experimental group (46 patients), which received concept map thinking nursing combined with Kolcaba’s comfort nursing intervention during the perioperative period. Clinical indicators, including the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) and General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ), were compared between the two groups at multiple time points. Results The experimental group demonstrated significantly shorter operation times (p < 0.001), faster recovery of nasal breathing (p = 0.002), and shorter hospital stays (p < 0.001) compared to the conventional group. Additionally, the experimental group experienced less intraoperative blood loss (p < 0.001) and a lower incidence of complications (p = 0.013). At 2 days, 1 month, and 3 months post-surgery, both groups showed decreases in SAS, SDS, and PSQI scores, with the experimental group demonstrating significantly lower scores (p < 0.05). At these same time points, the ROE and GCQ scores increased in both groups, with the experimental group achieving significantly higher scores than the conventional group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The integration of concept map thinking with Kolcaba’s comfort nursing significantly improves the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing nasal deformity correction. Reduced surgical trauma, enhanced psychological health, better sleep, increased comfort, and quicker nasal function recovery are all results of this method. Clinical Trial Registration China Clinical Trial Registration Center ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=191278 ).
Cauda equina syndrome with urinary retention as a postoperative complication of lumbar spine surgery: A case report
Authors: Yang Kai-Wu , Lai Wei-Hong , Huang Da-Wei 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is characterized by a group of symptoms that may be caused by inflammation, spinal cord compression, venous congestion, or ischemia. This syndrome is commonly an indication for surgical intervention but has not been determined as a postoperative complication following surgery for lumbar spine disease.
CASE SUMMARY
To report the case of a 54-year-old male patient who had CES following spinal surgery, with no obvious compression lesions found during re-exploration, suggesting that vascular insufficiency may have contributed to the condition. Furthermore, a series of urodynamic studies on bladder recovery patterns in such complications have also been investigated.
CONCLUSION
Postoperative CES requires urgent imaging and exploration to rule out compression; noncompressive cases, including vascular insufficiency may performed conservative management.
Maternal and fetal death associated with acute pancreatitis during pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Li Jin , Zhang Qing-Yan , Zhang Mei-Hong , Jiang Shan-Yun 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is a rare but serious condition that can lead to high maternal mortality and fetal loss. Instances of pregnancy complicated by severe acute pancreatitis, particularly with subsequent respiratory and cardiac arrest, are rarely reported.
CASE SUMMARY
We present the case of a 35-year-old woman, at 36 + 5 weeks of gestation, who presented with paroxysmal epigastric pain accompanied by low back pain, nausea, and vomiting. According to the clinical symptoms, B-ultrasound imaging and biochemical indicators, the patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and initially managed conservatively. However, 3 hours after admission, the patient experienced respiratory and cardiac arrest, and the fetus died. In this case, the adverse outcomes occurred due to the lack of aggressive fluid resuscitation and an active surgical intervention.
CONCLUSION
Implementing aggressive fluid resuscitation to sustain tissue perfusion, alongside the proactive evaluation of pharmacological agents that suppress gastric acid secretion and inhibit pancreatic enzyme activity, may be beneficial in mitigating the risk of a severely adverse prognosis. Effective management of acute pancreatitis during pregnancy requires careful timing of surgical intervention, a thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits regarding the continuation or termination of pregnancy, and a focus on safeguarding both maternal and fetal health.
Prenatal ultrasonography and genetic analysis of fetal cleidocranial dysplasia: A case report
Authors: Wang Feng , Dai Pei-Feng , Gao Wen-Juan 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an infrequent clinical condition with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. It is characterized by abnormal clavicles, patent sutures and fontanelles, supernumerary teeth, and short stature. Approximately 60%-70% of patients with CCD have mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene. However, prenatal diagnosis of CCD is difficult when the family history is unknown.
CASE SUMMARY
We report a rare case of fetal CCD with an unknown family history, confirmed by prenatal ultrasonography and genetic testing at a gestational age of 16 weeks. The genetic reports indicated that the fetus carried pathogenic mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene (c.674G>A). After careful consideration, the pregnant woman and her family decided to continue the pregnancy.
CONCLUSION
Definitive prenatal diagnosis of CCD should include family history, ultrasound diagnosis, and genetic analysis, especially if family history is unknown.
Covert chaotic encryption scheme based on compressive sensing in a W-band RoF system
Authors: Yu Wenbo , Liu Bo , Ren Jianxin , Guo Zhiruo , Mao Yaya , Chen Shuaidong , Zhong Qing , Tu Bing , Cai Junjie , Chen Qingqing , Song Xiumin , Wang Feng , Sun Tingting 
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a covert chaotic encryption (CCE) scheme based on compressive sensing (CS). The chaotic sequences used are generated by a six-dimensional hyper-chaotic D-system, where the y sequence is utilized for a chaotic index sparse block (CISB), the x sequence is used for generating the CS measurement matrix effectively, the w, s, and u sequences are employed for variable-parameter iterative Arnold transformations, and the z sequence is used for dual-random least significant bit (LSB) scrambling and embedding. The combination of these technologies enabled the scheme to achieve multi-domain, multi-dimensional, ultra-high-security encryption for multimedia image data. The scheme allows for the 4 Gb/s W-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal transmission over 10 m in a radio-over-fiber (RoF) system. When the input optical power (IOP) exceeds 1 dBm, the bit error rate (BER) of the system is lower than the forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8×10−3. When the IOP is 6 dBm, the mean structural similarity index (MSSIM) between the decrypted and original image reaches 0.96, indicating good reconstruction quality. The key space reaches 10160, effectively resisting various attacks. Compared to encryption schemes without CS, the transmission data volume is reduced by 75%. The combination of the CS and W-band RoF system demonstrates great potential for future high-capacity, high-security optical wireless transmission systems.
Unveiling the role of DHIS2 in enhancing data quality and accessibility in primary healthcare facilities: Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Asressie Moges , Begna Zenebu , Habtamu Tigist , Werkneh Netsanet , Nigatu Tariku , Ibido Meskerem Jisso , Genta Addisalem 
Published: December 2024

Background
The implementation of DHIS2 in healthcare systems has transformed data management practices worldwide. However, its specific impact on data quality, availability, and performance in Primary Health Unit (PHU) facilities in Ethiopia remains underexplored. Therefore, we investigated the contribution of DHIS2 to enhancing data quality, availability, and performance within PHU facilities in Ethiopia.

Methods
We employed qualitative methods, specifically Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), to gather insights from stakeholders, including healthcare providers and administrators at PHCUs across Ethiopia. Convenience sampling was used for FGDs, while purposive sampling targeted key informants with relevant expertise. Data were systematically analysed thematically, identifying patterns and themes related to DHIS2’s impact on data management within PHUs. This approach offered a comprehensive understanding of the system’s effectiveness and the factors influencing its implementation, highlighting both successes and challenges in integrating DHIS2 into healthcare practices.

Findings
Participants from various regions reported significant enhancements in the timeliness, completeness, accuracy, and accessibility of health data following the implementation of DHIS2. While some concerns were raised regarding variations in reporting intervals, the consensus indicated marked improvements in data management processes. DHIS2 standardized data collection methods, enabling healthcare providers to input and access data in real-time. This advancement fostered greater accountability and transparency within the healthcare system. Additionally, unexpected benefits arose, including increased digital literacy among staff, equipping them with necessary skills for effective data management, and the creation of job opportunities, particularly for youth. Ultimately, DHIS2 emerged as a pivotal tool for enhancing data quality and promoting health service equity across Ethiopia.

Conclusion
DHIS2 has significantly improved data quality and accessibility in Ethiopia, enhancing healthcare management and accountability across facilities. Healthcare providers should continue to leverage its robust features and prioritize ongoing staff training to improve digital literacy and data management skills. Establishing consistent reporting practices and regular audits will further maintain data integrity and foster a culture of accountability within the healthcare system.
The Associations Between Life's Essential 8 and Diarrhea and Constipation: Results From the 2005–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Yang Xin , Ding Shengjie , Guo Jinlu , Peng Shuang , Duan Zhiqing , Liu Shi 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Few studies have investigated the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and abnormal bowel health. We aimed to investigate the relationship between LE8 and diarrhea and constipation in the adult population of the United States.

METHODS:
This cross-sectional study, based on population data, used information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2005 and 2010. Diarrhea and constipation were classified based on Bristol Stool Form Scale and stool frequency. LE8 score is composed of 4 health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep health) and 4 health factors (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure) and is classified into low (0–49), moderate (50–79), and high (80–100) cardiovascular health groups. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the relationship between the LE8 score and abnormal bowel health.

RESULTS:
The study comprised 12,369 participants aged 20 years or older, among whom 1,279 (9.7%) had constipation and 1,097 (7.6%) had diarrhea. After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed negative associations between LE8 scores and diarrhea (odds ratio: 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.39–0.93), whereas the association between LE8 scores and constipation was not statistically significant (odds ratio: 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.59–1.13). In addition, health behavior scores and health factor scores were associated with constipation.

DISCUSSION:
Higher LE8 levels are associated with a lower incidence of diarrhea, but not constipation.
Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in chronic migraine and medication overuse headache: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Golovacheva A. A. 
Published: December 2024

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is recommended in the complex therapy of chronic migraine (CM) and medication overuse headache (MOH), but there are few randomized trials to evaluate its efficacy.Objective: to investigate the efficacy of an interdisciplinary program with CBT in the treatment of patients with CM and MOH.Material and methods. The study included 156 patients with CM and MOH (61 men and 95 women, mean age 34.1±8.9 years). All patients were clinically interviewed and tested with clinical and psychological methods. Patients were randomized into two groups: group 1 received standard treatment (pharmacotherapy – preventive and for migraine relief; lifestyle recommendations; detoxification therapy in MOB) and CBT, group 2 received only standard treatment. In all patients clinical and psychological parameters were assessed before treatment, and 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after the start of treatment.Results. After 3 months of treatment, a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) was observed in group 1: reduction in headache frequency, frequency of taking painkillers (PC), scores on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Spielberger–Khanin Personal and Situational Anxiety Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Leeds Dependence Questionnaire (LDQ) and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) Questionnaire (p<0.05). The improvement achieved was maintained after 6, 12 and 18 months of therapy. After 3 months of therapy, in group 2 a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) was observed for four parameters only: decrease of headache frequency, frequency of PC use, scores on the LDQ and MIDAS Questionnaire. However, after 6, 12 and 18 months of therapy in group 2, the achieved improvement was not maintained. After 3 months of therapy, the clinical effect (reduction in headache frequency by 50% or more) was achieved in 74% of patients in group 1 and in 45% in group 2 (p < 0.001). After 18 months of therapy, the clinical effect was observed in 79% of patients in group 1 and in 33% of patients in group 2 (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The use of CBT in the complex therapy of patients with CM and MOH is effective and makes it possible to achieve stable positive long-term results.
Features of mental state and reproductive function in dynamics inmentally ill women with infertility
Authors: Nikolaevskaya A. O. , Tyuvina N. A. , Tulpin Yu. G. , Zhilyaeva Yu. G. 
Published: December 2024

Women suffering from a mental disorder are faced with the problem of pregnancy and the realisation of their reproductive rights throughout their lives. The presence of a mental disorder largely determines the onset, course and outcome of pregnancy. A deterioration in mental health is often accompanied by an impairment of menstrual and reproductive function, and an improvement contributes to their recovery.Objective: to analyse individual indicators of reproductive function in women with various mental disorders and infertility in dynamics according to the follow-up data.Material and methods. The study included 120 women with various mental disorders and infertility, who were observed for 2 years by a psychiatrist and a gynaecologist on the background of treatment of the existing disorders.Results. In 70% of cases, mentally ill women have primary infertility, with idiopathic infertility predominating (63.3%), especially in the context of secondary infertility (77.8%; p<0.05). Treatment of infertility by gynaecologists and mental disorders by psychiatrists leads to the normalization of the menstrual cycle and the onset of pregnancy. Pregnancy is usually accompanied by obstetric and somatic complications (fetal growth retardation and miscarriage, placental disorders, hypertension, oedema, lipid metabolism disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus). Reproductive function is impaired mostly in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders, they account for 80.8% of observed infertility. Fertility is lowest in patients with paranoid schizophrenia: pregnancy occurred in 12.9% of patients, none of them gave birth. In schizoaffective disorder, 43.75% of women became pregnant, but only 20% gave birth. In bipolar affective disorder (BAD) type I, pregnancy occurred in 87.5% of patients (of which 57.1% resulted in a childbirth), in bipolar disorder type II – in 43.75% (of which 42.8% resulted in a childbirth), and in recurrent depressive disorder – in 60% (of which 50% resulted in a childbirth). In these disorders, the duration of infertility correlates with the duration of the disease (p<0.05). In neurotic disorders, fertility suffers to a lesser extent: pregnancy with recovery or significant improvement of the mental condition occurred in 75–100% of cases, but only 66.7% of cases resulted in a child birth. Childbirth was mainly performed by caesarean section.Conclusion. Reproductive function in mentally ill women depends largely on the type of mental disorder, the characteristics of its course, the efficacy of psychopharmacotherapy, the quality of remission and the degree of social and family adaptation, which must be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.