bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of pulsed electric field conditions for sugar extraction from carrots
Authors: Dastangoo Samere , Hamed Mosavian Mohammad Taghi , Yeganehzad Samira 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhysical destruction and thermal treatment are pretreatment methods used to destroy cell membranes and facilitate the release of solute extraction. In this paper, sugar extraction from carrots under different pulsed electric field conditions (field strengths of 250, 750, and 1,250 V/cm, pulse numbers of 10, 45, and 80, and pulse frequency of 1 Hz) and simultaneous thermal treatments (at 20, 45, and 70°C) were studied based on full factorial design experiments with 27 runs. Carrot slices treated with PEF were suspended in water at the desired temperature and liquid‐to‐solid weight ratio of L/S = 2. Immediately after the PEF treatment, a significant increase in solute extraction was observed due to the permeability of cell membrane that could lead to the enhancement of solute convection on the surface of the tissue. Optimum extraction parameters were obtained as follows: PEF with the field intensity of 750 V/cm, 10 pulses, and temperature of 45°C.
The effect of oil price shocks on asset markets: Evidence from oil inventory news
Authors: Alquist Ron , Ellwanger Reinhard , Jin Jianjian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe quantify the reaction of U.S. equity, bond futures, and exchange rate returns to oil price shocks driven by oil inventory news. Across most sectors, equity prices decrease in response to higher oil prices before the 2007/2008 crisis but increase after it. Positive oil price shocks cause a depreciation of the U.S. dollar against a broad range of currencies but have only a modest effect on bond futures returns. The evidence suggests that changes in risk premia help to explain the time‐varying effect of oil price shocks on U.S. equity returns.
Old crop versus new crop prices: Explaining the correlation
Authors: Arroyo Marioli Francisco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough competitive storage theory has proven successful in explaining many patterns for commodity prices, some features are not understood. While standard models predict low correlation between future prices with delivery dates before and after the harvest, the data suggest otherwise. To correct this, I assume that harvests appear continuously rather than at a single moment. This addition to the standard model allows me to link preharvest and postharvest markets to the same source of supply, and hence obtain the empirically observed high correlation. Empirical evidence also suggests that my assumptions are realistic. Results are robust to different parameter specifications.
Elevation of intracranial pressure affects the relationship between hemoglobin concentration and neuronal activation in human somatosensory cortex
Authors: Thranitz Julia , Knauth Martin , Heldmann Marcus , Küchler Jan , Münte Thomas F. , Royl Georg 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDuring neuronal activation, a local decrease of deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (deoxy‐Hb) occurs which is the basis of functional brain imaging with blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD‐fMRI). Elevated intracranial pressure (eICP) has been shown to impair functional deoxy‐Hb changes. This study investigated this effect and its relation to the underlying neuronal activity in the human primary somatosensory cortex (SI). Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) monitoring was performed on 75 subjects during conditions of median nerve stimulation (MNS) and resting state, combined with normal breathing (NB) and eICP by escalating breathing maneuvers (breath holding [BH], Valsalva maneuver with 15 mmHg [V15] and 35 mmHg expiratory pressure [V35]). During NB, fNIRS revealed a typical oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (oxy‐Hb) increase with deoxy‐Hb decrease during MNS enabling SI brain mapping. Breathing maneuvers associated eICP produced a known global change of oxy‐Hb and deoxy‐Hb with and without MNS. When subtracting measurements during resting state from measurements during MNS, neither functional oxy‐Hb nor deoxy‐Hb changes could be recovered while SEPs remained unchanged. In conclusion, Valsalva‐induced eICP prevents oxy‐Hb and deoxy‐Hb changes during neuronal activation in SI. This finding raises questions on the validity of oxy‐Hb‐ and deoxy‐Hb‐based brain imaging (e.g., BOLD‐fMRI) during eICP.
Influence of preoperative radiotherapy on head and neck free‐flap reconstruction: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mijiti Ainiwaer , Kuerbantayi Nazuke , Zhang Zhi Q. , Su Ming Y. , Zhang Xiao H. , Huojia Muhetaer 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe effect of preoperative external radiotherapy (XRT) on head and neck free‐flap reconstruction is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of preoperative XRT on the outcomes of head and neck microvascular free‐flap reconstruction. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted in concordance with the Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses protocol. We searched several databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to find published papers on the topic. The R program was used for data synthesis and statistical heterogeneity evaluation; then, fixed effect or random effect models were used. A total of 37 studies, involving 12 408 patients with 12 668 flaps, were included in this meta‐analysis. The overall flap success rate for all studies was 94.4%. Pooled analysis showed that patients with preoperative XRT were significantly associated with an increased risk of total flap failure (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45‐2.23, P < .001), partial flap failure (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.07‐3.38, P = .029), and postoperative complication rates (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.64‐2.72, P < .001). Our study suggests that preoperative XRT is associated with an increased risk of developing free‐flap failure and an increased postoperative complication rate.
Understanding genetic learning needs of people affected by rare disease
Authors: Quinn Laura , Davis Kendall , Yee Ashley , Snyder Holly 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNearly 350 million people worldwide are affected by a rare disease (RD) and ~80% of RDs have a genetic type, underscoring the need for access to reliable genomics education. Patient assistance in resource development can help ensure content is appropriate. The aim of this study was to define the needs and practical usage of the RD community to inform the scope and content of an online genetic course targeted toward the entire RD ecosystem. A high‐level online survey (OS) was disseminated to 586 RD patients and family members/caregivers. A total of 251 individuals responded to the OS. Eight respondents were invited to participate in a follow‐up focus group (FG). Nearly 87% of OS respondents have made efforts previously to learn more about genetics and 95.6% indicated a current interest in genetic education. Navigating healthcare systems, information sharing, and advocacy support were driving factors for this desire. Respondents indicated difficulty finding information on gene function, genetic testing, disease pathogenesis, and scientific advances. FG outcomes dove deeper into psychological needs including reducing emotional burden, alleviating fear of the unknown and seeking hope. Research identified high levels of interest in genetic education across all stages of the RD journey. Key themes identified in this study may help guide genetic counselors as they create their own patient and family‐facing content.
The development and implementation of a postfall template to improve the content of provider documentation related to falls in the hospital setting
Authors: Schmitz Leah M. , Hakos Peter , Kirsch Mary , Palmer Joann , Poltorek Beth , Stives Cynthia J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatient falls are the focus of many hospital prevention and continuous improvement initiatives. This is due to the potential negative impact on patient quality and safety outcomes, cost of care, and litigation risk. The published literature includes an abundance of information regarding fall‐prevention programs; however, there is a gap in the knowledge base pertaining to implications of what is documented by providers (physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants). There is concern that inadequate documentation may be associated with patient safety and quality issues. These include potential delays in the identification and treatment of fall‐related injuries and increased legal risk. A routine analysis of submissions to the hospital's Safety Event Reporting System identified inconsistencies in provider postfall documentation. Because of the potential impact on patient care, safety, financial, and medical‐legal implications, a project team was created to optimize the workflow and improve provider documentation as part of the comprehensive postfall program. This article describes the process of creating and implementing a postfall template to standardize and improve the content of postfall notes. The standardized template aligns with the organization's current initiatives to increase caregiver awareness of the impact of patient falls, and to improve patient safety and quality of care.
The use of modified keystone flap in periarticular or large superficial tumor resection surgery
Authors: Fang Shuo , Li Yingli , Tang Weiya , Zhu Weiye , Zhuang Wei , Xing Xin , Yang Chao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe keystone design perforator island flap (KDPIF) is often used to cover defects in reliable blood supply and similar skin patterns, but its mobility is limited, especially when the wound is large or occurs around joints. Here, we describe a modified KDPIF, boat‐shaped flap. We added a V shape along the lateral arc, forming a V‐Y flap on KDPIF's outer arc shapes like a sail. This paper also describes a clinical study to evaluate this method.MethodFrom September 2014 to March 2017, 31 patients were operated on using the boat‐shaped flap in our department and were followed up annually with clinical evaluation. The wound locations included joints (n = 11), trunk (n = 18), and face (n = 2). Fifteen defects were ≥5 × 5 cm2.ResultsAfter 6 to 24 months of follow‐up, 29 patients had first‐intention healing and were satisfied with the morphology and function. Secondary healing was observed in two patients, and the wounds were closed after dressing treatment for 2 weeks.ConclusionThe boat‐shaped flap enhances the mobility and achieves strong resistance to tension. The modified curvilinear shape prevents the joint activity from being restricted, with visually concealed scars. It is particularly applicable for repairing large wounds and defects around joints.
The dark side of the sharing economy: Balancing value co‐creation and value co‐destruction
Authors: Buhalis Dimitrios , Andreu Luisa , Gnoth Juergen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe sharing economy disrupts the marketplace and brings both benefits and disadvantages into service ecosystems. We discuss principles of the S‐D logic and transformative service research and explore the processes of value co‐creation and co‐destruction of well‐being within the ecosystem of the accommodation sharing economy. Following a brief period of euphoria, the dark side of the sharing economy emerges, defined as the socially, environmentally, or economically undesirable effects introduced by the sharing economy. Airbnb introduced new realities for visitors, neighborhoods, the accommodation industry, and city councils, whereby some stakeholders are frequently found to maximize their own value at the expense of others. Value co‐destruction prevails often due to uncontrolled and rapid expansion. We seek to promote a more balanced process, and the optimization of value co‐creation, while seeking to prevent value co‐destruction. Using a literature review, netnography, and a case study, we investigate co‐creation and co‐destruction, as expressed by different stakeholders, and focus on the socio‐psychological implications in the use of sharing platforms that affect the well‐being of individuals and community. A conceptual framework is proposed to manage future research addressing well‐being, value co‐creation and co‐destruction in complex ecosystem service networks.
A two‐grid method for characteristic expanded mixed finite element solution of miscible displacement problem
Authors: Hu Hanzhang , Chen Yanping 
Published: March 2020

SummaryA combined method consisting of mixed finite element method (MFEM) for the pressure equation and expanded mixed finite element method with characteristics(CEMFEM) for the concentration equation is presented to solve the coupled system of incompressible miscible displacement problem. To solve the resulting nonlinear system of equations efficiently, the two‐grid algorithm relegates all of the Newton‐like iterations to grids much coarser than the original one, with no loss in order of accuracy. It is shown that coarse space can be extremely coarse and our algorithm achieve asymptotically optimal approximation when the mesh sizes satisfy . Numerical experiment is provided to confirm our theoretical results.
Farming along desire lines: Collective action and food systems adaptation to climate change
Authors: Soubry Bernard , Sherren Kate , Thornton Thomas F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

We examine collective action in the food system of the Canadian Maritimes to determine its effect on the resilience and adaptive capacity of food producers, distributors, retailers and governance institutions.

Our data suggest that beyond their immediate benefits for their participants, expressions of collective action generate higher‐level impacts which often translate into drivers of adaptive capacity.

Drawing on a metaphor from urban design, we suggest that collective action should be considered a desire line for food systems adaptation: rather than building adaptation strategies based on top‐down design, collective action emerges from farmers’ needs and capacities to build financial resilience, enhance human and social capital and strengthen institutional agency within the system.
Reliability modeling for consecutive k‐out‐of‐n: F systems with local load‐sharing components subject to dependent degradation and shock processes
Authors: Guo Jianbin , Shen Yongguang , Lu Zhenping , Che Haiyang , Liu Zhuo , Zeng Shengkui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTraditional k‐out‐of‐n models assume that the components are independent, while recent research studies assume that the components are dependent caused by global load‐sharing characteristic. In this paper, we investigate the consecutive k‐out‐of‐n systems with dependent components by local load‐sharing characteristic. The work load and shock load on failed components will be equally shared by adjacent components, so the components tend to fail consecutively. Consequently, the components degradation processes may be diverse, since their degradation rate (dependent on work load) and abrupt degradation (dependent on shock load) become unequal because of local load‐sharing effect. Furthermore, the system failure will be path‐dependent on the failure sequences of components, which results in that the same system states may have different system failure probabilities. This new dependence makes the system reliability model more complex. In this work, an analytical model that can be solved numerically is derived to compute the reliability with this complex dependence. The developed model is demonstrated by a cable‐strut system in the suspension bridge. The results show that the reliability decreases significantly when the new dependence is considered.
Generalized linear model based monitoring methods for high‐yield processes
Authors: Mahmood Tahir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEmerge in technology brought well‐organized manufacturing systems to produce high‐quality items. Therefore, monitoring and control of products have become a challenging task for quality inspectors. From these highly efficient processes, produced items are mostly zero‐defect and modeled based on zero‐inflated distributions. The zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) and zero‐inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) distributions are the most common distributions, used to model the high‐yield and rare health‐related processes. Therefore, data‐based control charts under ZIP and ZINB distributions (i.e., Y‐ZIP and Y‐ZINB) are proposed for the monitoring of high‐quality processes. Usually, with the defect counts, few covariates are also measured in the process, and the generalized linear model based on the ZIP and ZINB distributions are used to estimate their parameters. In this study, we have designed monitoring structures (i.e., PR‐ZIP and PR‐ZINB) based on the ZIP and ZINB regression models which will provide the monitoring of defect counts by accounting the single covariate. Further, proposed model‐based charts are compared with the existing data‐based charts. The simulation study is designed to access the performance of monitoring methods in terms of run length properties and a case study on the number of flight delays between Atlanta and Orlando during 2012–2014 is also provided to highlight the importance of the stated research.
Achieving the environmental profits of green supplier integration: The roles of supply chain resilience and knowledge combination
Authors: Ji Lei , Yuan Chunlin , Feng Taiwen , Wang Chen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMost previous studies have focused on the direct impact of green supplier integration on environmental performance, and treated this relationship as a “black box.” To address this research gap, this study explores how green supplier integration affects environmental performance via supply chain resilience, and the moderating role of knowledge combination on the link between green supplier integration and supply chain resilience. Drawing on natural resource‐based view and knowledge‐based view, we develop four hypotheses and examine these hypotheses using two‐waved data from 206 Chinese manufacturing firms. We find that green supplier integration has positive effects on both proactive dimension and reactive dimension of supply chain resilience. Proactive dimension and reactive dimension of supply chain resilience partially mediate the link between green supplier integration and environmental performance. In addition, knowledge combination strengthens the positive impact of green supplier integration on reactive dimension of supply chain resilience. These findings suggest that supply chain resilience and knowledge combination cannot be overlooked when firms expect to gain environmental profits by conducting green supplier integration.
Segregated Nanocompartments Containing Therapeutic Enzymes and Imaging Compounds within DNA‐Zipped Polymersome Clusters for Advanced Nanotheranostic Platform
Authors: Meyer Claire E. , Liu Juan , Craciun Ioana , Wu Dalin , Wang Hui , Xie Mingqi , Fussenegger Martin , Palivan Cornelia G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNanotheranostics is an emerging field that brings together nanoscale‐engineered materials with biological systems providing a combination of therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. However, current theranostic nanoplatforms have serious limitations, mainly due to a mismatch between the physical properties of the selected nanomaterials and their functionalization ease, loading ability, or overall compatibility with bioactive molecules. Herein, a nanotheranostic system is proposed based on nanocompartment clusters composed of two different polymersomes linked together by DNA. Careful design and procedure optimization result in clusters segregating the therapeutic enzyme human Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) and fluorescent probes for the detection unit in distinct but colocalized nanocompartments. The diagnostic compartment provides a twofold function: trackability via dye loading as the imaging component and the ability to attach the cluster construct to the surface of cells. The therapeutic compartment, loaded with active DDC, triggers the cellular expression of a secreted reporter enzyme via production of dopamine and activation of dopaminergic receptors implicated in atherosclerosis. This two‐compartment nanotheranostic platform is expected to provide the basis of a new treatment strategy for atherosclerosis, to expand versatility and diversify the types of utilizable active molecules, and thus by extension expand the breadth of attainable applications.
Das Schweißen alter Flussstähle
Authors: Sieber Lars , Flederer Holger , Kilian André 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIm Zuge der Instandsetzung oder Verstärkung von Bestandstragwerken aus Flussstahl stellt üblicherweise Schrauben oder Nieten das bevorzugte Fügeverfahren dar. In vielen Fällen ist es jedoch konstruktionsbedingt günstiger, auf Schweißen als Fügeverfahren zurückzugreifen. Aufgrund der speziellen Eigenschaften alter Flussstähle sind bei Schweißungen besondere Problemstellungen zu beachten. Die Schweißeignung von Flussstählen wird durch ihre inhomogene Gefügestruktur mit stark streuender chemischer Zusammensetzung, Verunreinigungen und Einschlüssen, Seigerungen sowie durch ihre eingeschränkte Werkstoffzähigkeit beeinträchtigt.Im Rahmen von Forschungsvorhaben an der Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft in Dresden wurden schweißtechnisch gesicherte Grundlagen für das Schweißen alter Flussstähle erarbeitet, die sowohl die Erprobung verschiedener Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe und ‐verfahren als auch die zielgerichtete Steuerung der Verfahrensparameter umfassen. In der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung werden die Ergebnisse der umfangreichen experimentellen und analytischen Untersuchungen zur Schweißeignung von alten Flussstählen vorgestellt. Abschließend wird über erste praktische Anwendungen der Erkenntnisse bei der Sanierung zweier Stahlbrücken berichtet.
Synergistic Effect of Charged Amino Acid Combined with Dry Heating Treatment on Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestibility of Cornstarch
Authors: Jiang Hui , Wang Yu‐Sheng , Zhang Xing , Chen Hai‐Hua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo improve processability and nutritional properties, normal cornstarch is modified by dry heating treatment (DHT) at different heating temperatures (70, 100, and 130 °C) for different heating times (0, 2, 12, 48 h) after mixing with various amino acid types (aspartic acid and lysine). The combination treatment effectively retards the starch digestibility. Among all samples, the rapidly digestible starch content of lysine–cornstarch mixture after being heated at 130 °C for 12 h is the lowest (14.1%), which decreases by 13% as compared to cornstarch. The gelatinization temperatures, gelatinization enthalpy, and relative crystallization of the combination treated cornstarch increases while no significant changes are observed in the X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of those starches. With increasing DHT temperature or prolonged DHT time, the viscosity of the heated aspartic acid–cornstarch mixture decreases, while that of the heated lysine–cornstarch mixture increases. Cluster analysis indicates that there are obvious differences between the samples with added aspartic acid and adding lysine. The combination treatment at 130 °C shows a more significant effect on the properties of AA‐CS.