bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frameshift peptides alter the properties of truncated FUS proteins in ALS-FUS
Authors: An Haiyan , Rabesahala de Meritens Camille , Buchman Vladimir L. , Shelkovnikova Tatyana A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMutations in the FUS gene cause a subset of ALS cases (ALS-FUS). The majority of FUS mutations are missense mutations affecting the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of FUS. In addition, a number of frameshift mutations which result in complete NLS deletion have been described. Patients bearing frameshift mutations usually present with more aggressive disease, characterised by an early onset and rapid progression. Both missense mutations in the NLS coding sequence and complete loss of the NLS are known to result in cytoplasmic mislocalisation of FUS protein. However, in addition to the removal of FUS functional domains, frameshift mutations in most cases lead to the attachment of a “tail” of novel amino acids at the FUS C-terminus – a frameshift peptide. It is not clear whether these peptide tails would affect the properties of truncated FUS proteins. In the current study, we compared intracellular behaviour of disease-associated truncated FUS proteins with and without the corresponding frameshift peptides. We demonstrate that some of these peptides can affect subcellular distribution and/or increase aggregation capacity and stability of the truncated FUS protein. Our study suggests that frameshift peptides can alter the properties of truncated FUS variants which may modulate FUS pathogenicity and contribute to the variability of the disease course in ALS-FUS.
Radiologic discrepancies in diagnosis of fractures in a Dutch teaching emergency department: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Mattijssen-Horstink Laura , Langeraar Judith Joëlle , Mauritz Gert Jan , van der Stappen William , Baggelaar Maarten , Tan Edward Camillus Thwan Han 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Missed fractures in the emergency department (ED) are common and may lead to patient morbidity.

Aim
To determine the rate and nature of radiographic discrepancies between ED treating physicians, radiologists and trauma/orthopaedic surgeons and the clinical consequences of delayed diagnosis. A secondary outcome measurement is the timeframe in which most fractures were missed.

Methods
A single-centre retrospective analysis of all missed fractures in a general teaching hospital from 2012 to 2017 was performed. Data regarding missed fractures were provided by the hospital’s complication list and related database. Additional data were retrieved from the electronic medical records as required for the study.

Results
A total of 25,957 fractures were treated at our ED. Initially, 289 fractures were missed by ED treating physicians (1.1%). The most frequently missed fractures were the elbow (28.6%) and wrist (20.8%) in children, the foot (17.2%) in adults and the pelvis and hip (37.3%) in elderly patients. Patients required surgery in 9.3% of missed fractures, received immobilization by a cast or brace in 45.7%, had no treatment alterations during the first week in 38.1%. Follow-up data were lacking for 6.9% of cases. 49% of all missed fractures took place between 4 PM and 9 PM. There is a discrepancy in percentages of correctly diagnosed fractures and missed fractures between 5 PM and 3 AM.

Conclusion
Adequate training of ED treating physicians in radiographic interpretation is essential in order to increase diagnostic accuracy. A daily multidisciplinary radiology meeting is very effective in detecting missed fractures.
Hydrophobic pore space constituted in macroporous ZIF-8 for lipase immobilization greatly improving lipase catalytic performance in biodiesel preparation
Authors: Hu Yingli , Dai Lingmei , Liu Dehua , Du Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
During lipase-mediated biodiesel production, by-product glycerol adsorbing on immobilized lipase is a common trouble that hinders enzymatic catalytic activity in biodiesel production process. In this work, we built a hydrophobic pore space in macroporous ZIF-8 (named as M-ZIF-8) to accommodate lipase so that the generated glycerol would be hard to be adsorbed in such hydrophobic environment. The performance of the immobilized lipase in biodiesel production as well as its characteristics for glycerol adsorption were systematically studied. The PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method was utilized to get hydrophobic M-ZIF-8-PDMS with hydrophobic macropore space and then ANL (Aspergillus niger lipase) was immobilized on M-ZIF-8 and M-ZIF-8-PDMS by diffusion into the macropores.

Results
ANL@M-ZIF-8-PDMS presented higher enzymatic activity recovery and better biodiesel production catalytic performance compared to ANL@M-ZIF-8. Further study revealed that less glycerol adsorption was observed through the hydrophobic modification, which may attribute to the improved immobilized lipase performance during biodiesel production and ANL@M-ZIF-8-PDMS remained more than 96% activity after five cycles’ reuse. Through secondary structure and kinetic parameters’ analysis, we found that ANL@M-ZIF-8-PDMS had lower extent of protein aggregation and twice catalytic efficiency (Vmax/Km) than ANL@M-ZIF-8.

Conclusions
Hydrophobic pore space constituted in macroporous ZIF-8 for lipase immobilization greatly improved lipase catalytic performance in biodiesel preparation. The hydrophobic modification time showed negligible influence on the reusability of the immobilized lipase. This work broadened the prospect of immobilization of enzyme on MOFs with some inspiration.
Genomic studies on Strongyloides stercoralis in northern and western Thailand
Authors: Aupalee Kittipat , Wijit Adulsak , Singphai Kittikhun , Rödelsperger Christian , Zhou Siyu , Saeung Atiporn , Streit Adrian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Strongyloidiasis is a soil borne helminthiasis, which in most cases is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Human infections with S. fuelleborni fuelleborni and S. fuelleborni kellyi also occur. Although up to 370 million people are currently estimated to be infected with S. stercoralis, this parasite is frequently overlooked. Strongyloides stercoralis is prevalent among humans in Thailand; however, S. fuelleborni fuelleborni has also been reported. Three recent genomic studies of individual S. stercoralis worms found genetically diverse populations of S. stercoralis, with comparably low heterozygosity in Cambodia and Myanmar, and less diverse populations with high heterozygosity in Japan and southern China that presumably reproduce asexually.

Methods
We isolated individual Strongyloides spp. from different localities in northern and western Thailand and determined their nuclear small ribosomal subunit rDNA (18S rDNA, SSU), in particular the hypervariable regions I and IV (HVR-I and HVR-IV), mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and for a subset whole genome sequences. These sequences were then compared with each other and with published sequences from different geographical locations.

Results
All 237 worms isolated from 16 different human hosts were S. stercoralis, no S. fuelleborni was found. All worms had the common S. stercoralis SSU HVR IV haplotype A. Two different SSU HVR I haplotypes (I and II), both previously described in S. stercoralis, were found. No animal heterozygous for the two haplotypes was identified. Among the twelve cox1 haplotypes found, five had not been previously described. Based upon the mitochondrial cox1 and the nuclear whole genome sequences, S. stercoralis in Thailand was phylogenetically intermixed with the samples from other Southeast Asian countries and did not form its own branch. The genomic heterozygosity was even slightly lower than in the samples from the neighboring countries.

Conclusions
In our sample from humans, all Strongyloides spp. were S. stercoralis. The S. stercoralis from northern and western Thailand appear to be part of a diverse, intermixing continental Southeast Asian population. No obvious indication for genetic sub-structuring of S. stercoralis within Thailand or within the Southeast Asian peninsula was detected.
Protein phosphorylation networks in spargana of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei revealed by phosphoproteomic analysis
Authors: Liu Wei , Tang Hailin , Abuzeid Asmaa M. I. , Tan Lei , Wang Aibing , Wan Xueping , Zhang Haoji , Liu Yisong , Li Guoqing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Sparganosis caused by Spirometra erinaceieuropaei spargana is a zoonotic parasitic infection that has been reported in many countries, including China, Japan, Thailand and Korea, as well as European countries and the USA. The biological and clinical significance of the parasite have previously been reported. Although the genomic and transcriptomic analysis of S. erinaceieuropaei provided insightful views about the development and pathogenesis of this species, little knowledge has been acquired in terms of post-translational regulation that is essential for parasite growth, development and reproduction. Here, we performed site-specific phosphoproteomic profiling, with an aim to obtain primary information about the global phosphorylation status of spargana.

Results
A total of 3228 phosphopeptides and 3461 phosphorylation sites were identified in 1758 spargana proteins. The annotated phosphoproteins were involved in a variety of biological pathways, including cellular (28%), metabolic (20%) and single-organism (17%) processes. The functional enrichment of phosphopeptides by Gene Ontology analysis indicated that most spargana phosphoproteins were related to the cytoskeleton cellular compartment, signaling molecular function, and a variety of biological processes, including a molecular function regulator, guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity, protein kinase activities, and calcium ion binding. The highly enriched pathways of phosphorylation proteins include the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, phagosome, endocytosis, inositol phosphate metabolism, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and peroxisome. Domain analysis identified an EF-hand domain and pleckstrin homology domain among the key domains.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study performed the first global phosphoproteomic analysis of S. erinaceieuropaei. The dataset reported herein provides a valuable resource for future studies on the signaling pathways of this important zoonotic parasite.
Synergies in exosomes and autophagy pathways for cellular homeostasis and metastasis of tumor cells
Authors: Salimi Leila , Akbari Ali , Jabbari Nassrollah , Mojarad Behnam , Vahhabi Ali , Szafert Sławomir , Kalashani Sadegh Asghari , Soraya Hamid , Nawaz Muhammad , Rezaie Jafar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Eukaryotic cells demonstrate two tightly linked vesicular transport systems, comprising intracellular vesicle transport and extracellular vesicle transport system. Intracellular transport vesicles can translocate biomolecules between compartments inside the cell, for example, proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Whereas, the secreted vesicles so-called extracellular vesicles facilitate the transport of biomolecules, for example, nucleic acids, proteins and lipids between cells. Vesicles can be formed during the process of endocytosis or/and autophagy and not only act as mediators of intra- and inter-cellular communication but also represent pathological conditions of cells or tissues.

Methods
In this review, we searched articles in PubMed, published between 2000 and 2020, with following terms: autophagy, autophagocytosis, transport vesicles, lysosomes, endosomes, exocytosis, exosomes, alone or in different combinations. The biological functions that were selected based on relevancy to our topic include cellular homeostasis and tumorigenesis.

Results
The searched literature shows that there is a high degree of synergies between exosome biogenesis and autophagy, which encompass endocytosis and endosomes, lysosomes, exocytosis and exosomes, autophagocytosis, autophagosomes and amphisomes. These transport systems not only maintain cellular homeostasis but also operate synergically against fluctuations in the external and internal environment such as during tumorigenesis and metastasis. Additionally, exosomal and autophagic proteins may serve as cancer diagnosis approaches.

Conclusion
Exosomal and autophagy pathways play pivotal roles in homeostasis and metastasis of tumor cells. Understanding the crosstalk between endomembrane organelles and vesicular trafficking may expand our insight into cooperative functions of exosomal and autophagy pathways during disease progression and may help to develop effective therapies against lysosomal diseases including cancers and beyond.
Sepsis at ICU admission does not decrease 30-day survival in very old patients: a post-hoc analysis of the VIP1 multinational cohort study
Authors:   the VIP1 study, Ibarz Mercedes , Boumendil Ariane , Haas Lenneke E. M. , Irazabal Marian , Flaatten Hans , de Lange Dylan W. , Morandi Alessandro , Andersen Finn H. , Bertolini Guido , Cecconi Maurizio , Christensen Steffen , Faraldi Loredana , Fjølner Jesper , Jung Christian , Marsh Brian , Moreno Rui , Oeyen Sandra , Öhman Christina Agwald , Bollen Pinto Bernardo , Soliman Ivo W. , Szczeklik Wojciech , Valentin Andreas , Watson Ximena , Zaferidis Tilemachos , Guidet Bertrand , Artigas Antonio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe number of intensive care patients aged ≥ 80 years (Very old Intensive Care Patients; VIPs) is growing. VIPs have high mortality and morbidity and the benefits of ICU admission are frequently questioned. Sepsis incidence has risen in recent years and identification of outcomes is of considerable public importance. We aimed to determine whether VIPs admitted for sepsis had different outcomes than those admitted for other acute reasons and identify potential prognostic factors for 30-day survival.ResultsThis prospective study included VIPs with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores ≥ 2 acutely admitted to 307 ICUs in 21 European countries. Of 3869 acutely admitted VIPs, 493 (12.7%) [53.8% male, median age 83 (81–86) years] were admitted for sepsis. Sepsis was defined according to clinical criteria; suspected or demonstrated focus of infection and SOFA score ≥ 2 points. Compared to VIPs admitted for other acute reasons, VIPs admitted for sepsis were younger, had a higher SOFA score (9 vs. 7,p < 0.0001), required more vasoactive drugs [82.2% vs. 55.1%,p < 0.0001] and renal replacement therapies [17.4% vs. 9.9%;p < 0.0001], and had more life-sustaining treatment limitations [37.3% vs. 32.1%;p = 0.02]. Frailty was similar in both groups. Unadjusted 30-day survival was not significantly different between the two groups. After adjustment for age, gender, frailty, and SOFA score, sepsis had no impact on 30-day survival [HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.86–1.15),p = 0.917]. Inverse-probability weight (IPW)-adjusted survival curves for the first 30 days after ICU admission were similar for acute septic and non-septic patients [HR: 1.00 (95% CI 0.87–1.17),p = 0.95]. A matched-pair analysis in which patients with sepsis were matched with two control patients of the same gender with the same age, SOFA score, and level of frailty was also performed. A Cox proportional hazard regression model stratified on the matched pairs showed that 30-day survival was similar in both groups [57.2% (95% CI 52.7–60.7) vs. 57.1% (95% CI 53.7–60.1),p = 0.85].ConclusionsAfter adjusting for organ dysfunction, sepsis at admission was not independently associated with decreased 30-day survival in this multinational study of 3869 VIPs. Age, frailty, and SOFA score were independently associated with survival.
Stochastic Lie bracket (derivation, derivation) in MB-algebras
Authors: Madadi Masoumeh , Saadati Reza , Park Choonkil , Rassias John Michael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBy a stochastic controller, we make stable the pseudo stochastic Lie bracket (derivation, derivation) in complex MB-algebras. Next, we get an approximation by a stochastic Lie bracket (derivation, derivation) and calculate the maximum error of the estimate.
The spectral implementation of the nonstationary Stokes problem with nonstandard boundary conditions
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Chorfi Nejmeddine , Ouertani Henda 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with the implementation of the spectral discretization of the vorticity–velocity–pressure formulation of the nonstationary Stokes problem. We use the implicit Euler scheme for the discretization in time. We propose a global method for the resolution of the linear system resulting from the discrete problem. This method is implemented, and some numerical results are presented which confirm the good convergence for the three unknowns.
Attractors for the nonclassical reaction–diffusion equations on time-dependent spaces
Authors: Zhu Kaixuan , Xie Yongqin , Zhou Feng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, based on the notation of time-dependent attractors introduced by Conti, Pata and Temam in (J. Differ. Equ. 255:1254–1277, 2013), we prove the existence of time-dependent global attractors in $\mathcal{H}_{t}$Ht for a class of nonclassical reaction–diffusion equations with the forcing term $g(x)\in H^{-1}(\varOmega )$g(x)∈H−1(Ω) and the nonlinearity f satisfying the polynomial growth of arbitrary $p-1$p−1 ($p\geq 2$p≥2) order, which generalizes the results obtained in (Appl. Anal. 94:1439–1449, 2015) and (Bound. Value Probl. 2016: 10, 2016).
Inverse source problem for time fractional diffusion equation with Mittag-Leffler kernel
Authors: Can Nguyen Huu , Luc Nguyen Hoang , Baleanu Dumitru , Zhou Yong , Long Le Dinh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this work, we study the problem to identify an unknown source term for the Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative. In general, the problem is severely ill-posed in the sense of Hadamard. We have applied the generalized Tikhonov method to regularize the instable solution of the problem. In the theoretical result, we show the error estimate between the regularized and exact solutions with a priori parameter choice rules. We present a numerical example to illustrate the theoretical result. According to this example, we show that the proposed regularization method is converged.
On the solutions of a max-type system of difference equations of higher order
Authors: Su Guangwang , Han Caihong , Sun Taixiang , Li Lue 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following max-type system of difference equations of higher order: $$ \textstyle\begin{cases} x_{n} = \max \{A ,\frac{y_{n-t}}{x_{n-s}} \}, \\ y_{n} = \max \{B ,\frac{x_{n-t}}{y_{n-s}} \},\end{cases}\displaystyle \quad n\in \{0,1,2,\ldots \}, $${xn=max{A,yn−txn−s},yn=max{B,xn−tyn−s},n∈{0,1,2,…}, where $A,B\in (0, +\infty )$A,B∈(0,+∞), $t,s\in \{1,2,\ldots \}$t,s∈{1,2,…} with $\gcd (s,t)=1$gcd(s,t)=1, the initial values $x_{-d},y_{-d},x_{-d+1},y_{-d+1}, \ldots , x_{-1}, y_{-1}\in (0,+ \infty )$x−d,y−d,x−d+1,y−d+1,…,x−1,y−1∈(0,+∞) and $d=\max \{t,s\}$d=max{t,s}.
Classical stabilities of multiplicative inverse difference and adjoint functional equations
Authors: Senthil Kumar B. V. , Al-Shaqsi Khalifa , Dutta Hemen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this present article is to investigate various classical stability results of the multiplicative inverse difference and adjoint functional equations
$$ m_{d} \biggl(\frac{rs}{r+s} \biggr)-m_{d} \biggl( \frac{2rs}{r+s} \biggr)= \frac{1}{2} \bigl[m_{d}(r)+m_{d}(s) \bigr] $$md(rsr+s)−md(2rsr+s)=12[md(r)+md(s)] and
$$ m_{a} \biggl(\frac{rs}{r+s} \biggr)+m_{a} \biggl( \frac{2rs}{r+s} \biggr)= \frac{3}{2} \bigl[m_{a}(r)+m_{a}(s) \bigr] $$ma(rsr+s)+ma(2rsr+s)=32[ma(r)+ma(s)] in the framework of non-zero real numbers. A proper counter-example is illustrated to prove the failure of the stability results for control cases. The relevance of these functional equations in optics is also discussed.
Social and ecological outcomes of conservation interventions in tropical coastal marine ecosystems: a systematic map protocol
Authors: Brooks Willa R. , Rudd Morgan E. , Cheng Samantha H. , Silliman Brian R. , Gill David A. , Ahmadia Gabby N. , Andradi-Brown Dominic A. , Glew Louise , Campbell Lisa M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Tropical coastal marine ecosystems (TCMEs) are rich in biodiversity and provide many ecosystem services, including carbon storage, shoreline protection, and food. Coastal areas are home to increasing numbers of people and population growth is expected to continue, putting TCMEs under pressure from development as well as broader environmental changes associated with climate change, e.g. sea level rise and ocean acidification. Attention to TCMEs by conservation organizations has increased and although a variety of interventions to promote conservation and sustainable development of TCMEs have been implemented, evidence regarding the outcomes of these—for people or ecosystems—is scattered and unclear. This study takes a systematic mapping approach to identify articles that examine the ecological and social outcomes associated with conservation interventions in TCMEs; specifically in coral reef, mangrove, and seagrass habitats.

Methods
We developed a comprehensive framework of conservation interventions and outcomes, drawing on existing frameworks and related evidence synthesis projects, as well as interviews with marine conservation practitioners. We modified existing frameworks to: (i) include features of TCME that are not fully captured in existing frameworks; and (ii) further specify and/or regroup existing interventions or outcomes. We developed a search string informed by habitat, geography, interventions, and outcomes of interest, to search the peer-reviewed primary literature in four bibliographic databases and the grey literature on relevant institutional websites. All searches will be conducted in English. We will screen returned articles at the title and abstract level. Included articles will be screened at full text level and data coding will follow. Number of articles and reasons for excluding at full text level screening will be recorded. At each phase (title and abstract screening, full text screening, data coding), articles will be assessed independently by two members of the review team. Coded data will be reported in a narrative review and a database accessible through an open access, searchable data portal. We will summarize trends in the evidence base, identify interventions and outcomes where evidence can be further assessed in subsequent systematic reviews and where gaps in the literature exist, and discuss the implications of research gaps and gluts for TCME conservation policy, practice, and future research.