bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic osteoprotective effects of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in senile osteoporosis rats by promoting the osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis based on MLP-ANN model
Authors: Tang Xiu-Feng , Ma Zi-Tong , Gao Ying-Ying , Wang Han , Li Xiao-Xi , Yu Ping , Liu Ren-Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Senile osteoporosis (SOP), which is caused by unbalanced bone remodeling, leads to significant economic and societal burdens globally. The combination of Epimedii Folium (EF) and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF) serves as a commonly-used prescription for SOP in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This study aimed to evaluate the osteoprotective effects of EF and LLF in combination on SOP rats based on the constructed multilayer perception (MLP)-artificial neural network (ANN) model.

Methods
15 month old male Sprague–Dawley rats were administrated with EF, LLF or the combination of EF and LLF (EF&LLF) for 2 months, while 17 month old rats were used as the aging control group. All the rats were anesthetized with 25% ethyl carbamate, then their serum liver and bone tissues were taken. We detected bone mass, bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanics and the microstructure of bone trabecula by micro-CT and H&E staining to evaluate the degree of osteoporosis. Blood lipids and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and liver pathology were use to assess the side effects of drugs. Levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and the ratio of ALP to TRACP both in serum and bone were measured for the evaluation of bone turnover rate. The bone mRNA and protein expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), d2 isoform of vacuolar (H+) ATPase (ATP6V0d2), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), M-CSF, Wnt5a, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were detected for evaluating bone metabolism.

Results
The results showed that EF&LLF improved bone mass and bone quality by preventing bone loss, increasing maximal load as well as protecting the micro-structural retrogressive change of trabecular bone in SOP rats; ameliorated the steatosis in the liver and decreased blood lipids and serum ALT, AST and GGT; enhanced bone remodeling by stimulating the expression of ALP and TRACP. At the molecular levels, EF&LLF stimulated the osteoclastogenesis by upregulating the protein and mRNA expression of OPG, RANKL, M-CSF and ATP6V0d2; meanwhile, EF&LLF stimulated osteoblastogenesis by enhancing the expression of TGF-β1, BMP2, Wnt5a and IGF-1. According to our established MLP model, EF&LLF has a better effect on osteoclastogenesis or steoblastogenesis in SOP rats than EF or LLF.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that the systemic bone protective effects of EF&LLF by promoting bone remodeling in aging rats might be a substitute medicine for the treatment of SOP.
Chromosomal instability associated with adverse outcome: a case report of patient with Nijmegen breakage syndrome and rapidly developed T-NHL with complex karyotype
Authors: Włodarczyk Monika , Lejman Monika 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a rare genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern associated with an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative disorders, mainly non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). NBS patients are 50 times more likely to develop malignancy than healthy controls. Moreover, in NBS, mortality rate from cancers, mainly lymphomas, is the highest among all diseases associated with excessive fragility of chromosomes.

Case presentation
This work presents a patient previously diagnosed with Nijmegen breakage syndrome who rapidly developed T-NHL despite of constant medical supervision. Cytogenetic karyotype and microarray tests revealed complex aberrations, indicating enhanced chromosomal instability. Despite initial steroid therapy, the patient passed away due to multiorgan failure.

Conclusions
The lack of well-established diagnostic procedures in NBS patients make it difficult to determine any therapeutic target or predictive marker. Moreover, anticancer treatment is the biggest challenge in NBS patients due to therapy-related toxicity and immunodeficiency. Our case indicates the importance of identifying parameters useful in prognosis of disease outcome, as main risk factor affecting overall survival in NBS patients is an extremely high incidence of malignancy development.
Pediatric hypothermic submersion incident – should we do chest compressions on a beating heart?
Authors: Einvik Steinar , Kruger Andreas Jorstad , Gisvold Sven Erik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Drowning is the third leading cause of unintentional injury death worldwide, with the highest rates of fatality among young children. To decide how to treat these patients prehospitally could be challenging in certain situations when uncertain about the adequacy of the patent’s circulation.

Methods/case report
We describe a 2 year old boy surviving a 15 min hypothermic submersion in a cold river. In spite of the presence of some vital signs, we decided to do full cardiopulmonary resuscitation to the hospital. The main reason was that we were uncertain about the adequacy of the spontaneous circulation, and the transport to hospital was fairly long. The patient suffered no obvious harm and the outcome was good.

Discussion
What is regarded as adequate circulation when accidentally hypothermic between 24 and 250 C? A weak pulse was felt in the femoral artery with a rate of about 40–50 per minute. There were shallow, but regular respiration, and point of care ultrasound revealed a slightly dilated left ventricle and weak, but organised cardiac contractions. Despite these findings a decision was made to continue ventilations and chest compressions during helicopter transport to the University hospital.

Conclusion
In an accidentally hypothermic pediatric submersion incident we decided to do full cardiopulmonary resuscitation to the hospital despite there were signs of circulation. We did no harm to the patient. Future guideline revisions should try to clarify how to handle situations with severly accidentally hypothermic patients like this, so the good outcome that is often seen in these patients could be even better.
Impact of a ketogenic diet intervention during radiotherapy on body composition: III—final results of the KETOCOMP study for breast cancer patients
Authors: Klement Rainer J. , Champ Colin E. , Kämmerer Ulrike , Koebrunner Petra S. , Krage Kelley , Schäfer Gabriele , Weigel M. , Sweeney Reinhart A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Obesity and low muscle mass are associated with worse outcomes of breast cancer patients. We conducted a controlled trial to study the impact of a ketogenic diet (KD) based on natural foods versus an unspecified standard diet (SD) on body composition in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods
Patients with non-metastasized breast cancer were allocated to either the KD (N = 32) or the SD (N = 31) during radiotherapy. Body composition was measured weekly by bioimpedance analysis. Blood parameters and quality of life were assessed before, during, and at the end of radiotherapy.

Results
A total of 29 KD and 30 SD patients completed the study. During radiotherapy, mean and median fasting BHB concentrations in the KD group were 0.72 and 0.49 mmol/l (range 0.06–4.9) which was significantly higher than those in the SD group (p < 2.2 × 10−16). There was a very small and insignificant increase in body weight and fat mass in the SD group, as well as a decrease of fat free mass. In contrast, patients in the KD group lost body weight and fat free and skeletal muscle mass quickly after diet onset, which for the most part was related to water losses. The KD did not cause further substantial changes in fat free or skeletal muscle mass, but was associated with a gradual decrease of 0.4 kg body weight and fat mass per week (p < 0.0001). The KD significantly decreased free T3 levels by 0.06 pg/ml/week (p = 6.3 × 10−5). Global quality of life remained stable in the SD group but increased in the KD group from a score of 66.7 to 75.0 (p = 0.20).

Conclusions
In breast cancer patients undergoing curative radiotherapy, a KD based on natural foods is feasible. After initial water losses, the KD tends to reduce body weight and fat mass while preserving fat free and skeletal muscle mass.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02516501, registered on August 06, 2015.
The effect of on-site CT-derived fractional flow reserve on the management of decision making for patients with stable chest pain (TARGET trial): objective, rationale, and design
Authors: Yang Junjie , Shan Dongkai , Dong Mei , Wang Zhiqiang , Ma Xiang , Hu Xinyang , Zeng Hesong , Chen Yundai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The diagnostic accuracy of CT-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in clinical application has been well validated. This advanced technology focus on evaluating anatomical stenosis and functional ischemia simultaneously. However, the effect of CT-FFR on the management of decision making has not been fully evaluated in randomized controlled design.

Method/design
TARGET study is a pragmatic, multicenter, prospective, open-label, and randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of a CCTA/CT-FFR strategy (group A) versus usual care (group B) on intermediate-to-high risk patients with suspected CAD who undergo clinically indicated diagnostic evaluation. A total sample size of 1216 subjects will be enrolled and followed up for 12 months. This study will be performed in 6 Chinese hospitals, and the primary endpoint is the planned ICA without significant obstructive CAD within 90 days. The secondary endpoints include MACE, quality of life, medical expenditure, and cumulative radiation exposure during 1-year follow-up.

Discussion
The study will provide information to patients, health care providers, and other stakeholders in China about which strategy could be more effective in the management of intermediate-to-high risk patients with suspect CAD.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03901326. Registered on 3 April 2019.
Integrative transcriptome and proteome analyses provide new insights into different stages of Akebia trifoliata fruit cracking during ripening
Authors: Niu Juan , Shi Yaliang , Huang Kunyong , Zhong Yicheng , Chen Jing , Sun Zhimin , Luan Mingbao , Chen Jianhua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz may have applications as a new potential source of biofuels owing to its high seed count, seed oil content, and in-field yields. However, the pericarp of A. trifoliata cracks longitudinally during fruit ripening, which increases the incidence of pests and diseases and can lead to fruit decay and deterioration, resulting in significant losses in yield. Few studies have evaluated the mechanisms underlying A. trifoliata fruit cracking.

Results
In this study, by observing the cell wall structure of the pericarp, we found that the cell wall became thinner and looser and showed substantial breakdown in the pericarp of cracking fruit compared with that in non-cracking fruit. Moreover, integrative analyses of transcriptome and proteome profiles at different stages of fruit ripening demonstrated changes in the expression of various genes and proteins after cracking. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of 20 differentially expressed genes were analyzed, and parallel reaction monitoring analysis of 20 differentially expressed proteins involved in cell wall metabolism was conducted. Among the molecular targets, pectate lyases and pectinesterase, which are involved in pentose and glucuronate interconversion, and β-galactosidase 2, which is involved in galactose metabolism, were significantly upregulated in cracking fruits than in non-cracking fruits. This suggested that they might play crucial roles in A. trifoliata fruit cracking.

Conclusions
Our findings provided new insights into potential genes influencing the fruit cracking trait in A. trifoliata and established a basis for further research on the breeding of cracking-resistant varieties to increase seed yields for biorefineries.
Anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effect of cannabidiol on human cancer cell lines in presence of serum
Authors: Sainz-Cort Alberto , Müller-Sánchez Claudia , Espel Enric 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
Cannabinoids are able to reduce tumor growth in xenograft models, but their therapeutic potential as anti-cancer drugs in humans is unclear yet. In vitro studies of the effect of cannabinoids on cancer cells are often carried out in absence of serum or in low serum concentration (i.e. 0.5% serum), conditions that limit cellular growth and therefore can increase the response of cells to additional challenges such as the presence of cannabinoids. However, the tumor microenvironment can be teaming with growth factors. In this study we assessed the viability and proliferation of cancer cells treated with cannabidiol in presence of a serum concentration that commonly sustains cell growth (10% serum).

Results
The results show that cannabidiol exerts a markedly different effect on the viability of the human HT-29 cancer cell line when cultured in presence of 0.5% serum in comparison to 10% serum, displaying a cytotoxic effect only in the former situation. In presence of 10% serum, no inhibitory effect of cannabidiol on DNA replication of HT-29 cells was detected, and a weak inhibition was observed for other cancer cell lines. These results indicate that the effect of cannabidiol is cell context-dependent being modulated by the presence of growth factors.
Comparison of ActiGraph GT9X Link with two Japanese accelerometers for assessments of free-living physical activity in junior high school students
Authors: Sasayama Kensaku , Adachi Minoru 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared the measurements of total steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between ActiGraph and the Lifecorder and Active Style Pro accelerometers in junior high school students.ResultsThe total steps and MVPA significantly differed between ActiGraph and Lifecorder measurements, whereas the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for total steps and MVPA between the two accelerometers were not significant. There was no significant difference between the total steps measured using ActiGraph and Active Style Pro, and moderate agreement was noted. Additionally, MVPA measured using ActiGraph and Active Style Pro significantly differed, whereas the ICC for MVPA measured using the two accelerometers was not significant. When comparing the total steps between ActiGraph and Lifecorder and MVPA between ActiGraph and Lifecorder or Active Style Pro, it should be noted that the accelerometer measurements are not compatible.
PRDM8 reveals aberrant DNA methylation in aging syndromes and is relevant for hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation
Authors: Cypris Olivia , Eipel Monika , Franzen Julia , Rösseler Corinna , Tharmapalan Vithurithra , Kuo Chao-Chung , Vieri Margherita , Nikolić Miloš , Kirschner Martin , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Zenke Martin , Lampert Angelika , Beier Fabian , Wagner Wolfgang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDyskeratosis congenita (DKC) and idiopathic aplastic anemia (AA) are bone marrow failure syndromes that share characteristics of premature aging with severe telomere attrition. Aging is also reflected by DNA methylation changes, which can be utilized to predict donor age. There is evidence that such epigenetic age predictions are accelerated in premature aging syndromes, but it is yet unclear how this is related to telomere length. DNA methylation analysis may support diagnosis of DKC and AA, which still remains a challenge for these rare diseases.ResultsIn this study, we analyzed blood samples of 70 AA and 18 DKC patients to demonstrate that their epigenetic age predictions are overall increased, albeit not directly correlated with telomere length. Aberrant DNA methylation was observed in the genePRDM8in DKC and AA as well as in other diseases with premature aging phenotype, such as Down syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford-Progeria syndrome. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns were particularly found within subsets of cell populations in DKC and AA samples as measured with barcoded bisulfite amplicon sequencing (BBA-seq). To gain insight into the functional relevance of PRDM8, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with heterozygous and homozygous knockout. Loss of PRDM8 impaired hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation of iPSCs, even in the heterozygous knockout clone, but it did not impact on epigenetic age.ConclusionTaken together, our results demonstrate that epigenetic aging is accelerated in DKC and AA, independent from telomere attrition. Furthermore, aberrant DNA methylation inPRDM8provides another biomarker for bone marrow failure syndromes and modulation of this gene in cellular subsets may be related to the hematopoietic and neuronal phenotypes observed in premature aging syndromes.Graphical abstract
Atomic ring invariant and Modified CANON extended connectivity algorithm for symmetry perception in molecular graphs and rigorous canonicalization of SMILES
Authors: Krotko Dmytro G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe propose new invariant (the product of the corresponding primes for the ring size of each bond of an atom) as a simple unambiguous ring invariant of an atom that allows distinguishing symmetry classes in the highly symmetrical molecular graphs using traditional local and distance atom invariants. Also, we propose modifications of Weininger’s CANON algorithm to avoid its ambiguities (swapping and leveling ranks, incorrect determination of symmetry classes in non-aromatic annulenes, arbitrary selection of atom for breaking ties). The atomic ring invariant and the Modified CANON algorithm allow us to create a rigorous procedure for the generation of canonical SMILES which can be used for accurate and fast structural searching in large chemical databases.
Determinants of pastoralists’ participation in commercial fodder markets for livelihood resilience in drylands of northern Kenya: Case of Isiolo
Authors: Mohamed Sala Saada , Otieno David Jakinda , Nzuma Jonathan , Mureithi Stephen Mwangi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFeed insecurity associated with prolonged and recurrent droughts remains a perennial challenge impeding livestock production and a major source of resource-based conflicts in the drylands of many developing countries such as Kenya. Thus, the emerging fodder markets in the drylands act as a secondary source of livestock feed to augment the natural pastures and hence play a crucial role in meeting the year-round feed requirements of pastoralists. However, little information exists on the factors influencing pastoralists to purchase fodder for their own livestock amid their long-held cultural beliefs in using natural pastures for forage . Using primary household survey data from a multi-stage sample of 201 pastoralists, this study assessed socio-economic and institutional factors that influence the pastoralists’ participation in fodder markets in Isiolo County, Kenya. Both descriptive statistics and a Heckman two-step model were applied in data analysis. The findings showed that pastoralists’ decisions to purchase fodder are significantly influenced by access to credit, weather and market information, land tenure system, exposure to shocks, off-farm income, age, gender and proximity to towns. The amount of fodder purchased was significantly affected by access to weather information, exposure to shocks and livestock holdings. These results underscore the importance of improving pastoralists’ access to prerequisite institutional support services to enhance their access to fodder and livestock markets, basic services and increased integration into the broader market economy.
Survival by histology among patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma who undergo metastasectomy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Ying , Delisle Megan , Smith Denise , Srikanthan Amirrtha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Metastasectomy is performed on a select cohort of patients with advanced and/or recurrent bone and soft tissue sarcomas because of the potential for long term relapse free and overall survival associated with the procedure. However, the evidence supporting metastasectomy is difficult to summarize without a systematic examination of existing literature. The objective of this systematic review will be to examine survival among both adults and children with advanced and recurrent bone and STS who undergo metastasectomy.

Methods
We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. We will include data from survival studies (e.g., randomized trials, cohort studies, routine case registries, and case control) conducted in children and adults with advanced and recurrent bone and soft tissue sarcoma who undergo metastasectomy. The primary outcome will be overall survival. Secondary outcomes will be 30-day post-operative mortality, recurrence-free survival, time off systemic therapy, and patient-reported outcomes including quality of life end points where available. Literature searches will be performed in multiple electronic databases including Ovid MEDLINE ® (1946 to present), Ovid EMBASE (1974 to present), Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Grey literature will be identified through searching references, conference abstracts, Papers First, and Google Scholar. Two investigators will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. Full-text articles selected for analysis will be assessed for quality and risk of bias. If feasible, we will conduct a random effects meta-analysis. Estimates will be stratified according to histology comparing survival based on organ of metastasectomy. Additional analysis will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity according to various patient, disease, and treatment characteristics (e.g., metastasis status, age, disease burden, and concomitant interventions).

Discussion
This systematic review and meta-analysis will identify, evaluate, and integrate data on survival of metastasectomy of bone and soft tissue sarcoma by organ of metastasis. Our findings may have implications for clinicians, patients, and their families when considering selection for resection of oligometastatic disease in de novo, or recurrent bone and soft tissue sarcoma. Implications for future research will be identified to improve the outcomes of these complex patients.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019126906
On exact special solutions for the stochastic regularized long wave-Burgers equation
Authors: Korpinar Zeliha , Inc Mustafa , Alshomrani Ali S. , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we will analyze the Regularized Long Wave-Burgers equation with conformable derivative (cd). Some white noise functional solutions for this equation are obtained by using white noise analysis, Hermite transforms, and the modified sub-equation method. These solutions include exact stochastic trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions solutions and wave solutions.This study emphasizes that the modified fractional sub-equation method is sufficient to solve the stochastic nonlinear equations in mathematical physics.