bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of recorded maternal voice on emergence agitation in children undergoing bilateral ophthalmic surgery: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yang Yan‐Yan , Zhang Ma‐Zhong , Sun Ying , Peng Zhe‐Zhe , Liu Pei‐Pei , Wang Yan‐Ting , Zheng Ji‐Jian , Wu Jun‐Zheng 
Published: July 2020

AimThis study was designed to investigate whether the playing‐back of the recorded maternal voice through the headphones to children undergoing bilateral ophthalmic surgery has clinical effects on the incidence of emergence agitation, and the anaesthesia recovery course.MethodsIn this prospective, blinded and randomised study, 127 children, aged 2–8 years and undergoing bilateral ophthalmic surgery were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: group T (treatment group, listening to recorded mother's voice via headphones) or group C (control group, wearing headphones without auditory stimuli). The primary outcome was the incidence of emergence agitation, and the secondary outcomes were the awakening time, and the post‐anaesthesia care unit (PACU) stay time.ResultsChildren in the group of listening recorded mother's voice exhibited significantly low incidence of emergence agitation compared with those in the control group (32.8 vs. 55.6%; odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.39(0.19–0.80); P = 0.010). The awakening time was shorter in group T as compared to that in group C (22.9 (10.4) vs. 27.3 (13.7); P = 0.048). As results, the group T had significantly less PACU stay time with early discharge than the group C did (29.7 (12.1) vs. 34.8 (14.1); P = 0.031).ConclusionsRecorded mother's voice is an efficient method to reduce emergence agitation in children undergoing bilateral ophthalmic surgery with sevoflurane anaesthesia. Also, patients woke faster and PACU stay time was shorter in the mother's voice group as compared with the control group.
Evaluation of the psychological status of mothers of children with cystic fibrosis and the relationship between children's clinical status
Authors: Unal Yuksekgonul Ayşe , Aslan Ayse T , Sismanlar Eyuboglu Tugba , Soysal Sebnem , Budakoglu Işıl I 
Published: July 2020

AimIn this study, we aimed to determine the psychosocial status of primary care givers of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and its relationship with the clinical scores of children with CF.MethodsThirty‐six patients with CF and their primary care givers were assessed. A personal information form, as well as the Parent Attitude Research Instrument, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Beck Depression Scale and modified Shwachman‐Kulczycki Score, were used for data collection.ResultsAll the CF children's primary care givers were their mothers. The mothers' occupation and educational level affected their child‐rearing attitudes (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the frequency of hospital visits and hospitalizations was associated with increased emotional exhaustion, depression and negative attitudes towards child‐rearing (P < 0.05). Higher levels of emotional exhaustion in mothers were associated with increased depersonalization and depression, while personal accomplishment was associated with lower levels of depression (P < 0.05). Depression was present in 69.4% of mothers, and its severity was correlated with their children having a poor clinical status. Moreover, increased depression was associated with increased negative attitudes towards child‐rearing (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe rate of depression is high in mothers of children with CF. These mothers displayed a negative attitude towards child‐rearing, along with the disease, which was more severe in their children. These mothers should undergo routine psychosocial screening, and support should be given to those in need.
Incidence and severity of bean common mosaic disease and resistance of popular bean cultivars to the disease in western Kenya
Authors: Mangeni Bonphace Collins , Were Hassan Karakacha , Ndong'a Millicent , Mukoye Benard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a high protein crop and the main legume in the cropping system of western Kenya. Despite its importance, common bean yields are low (<1.0 t/ha) and declining. Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are the most common and most destructive viruses and can cause a yield loss as high as 100%. In Kenya, a limited number of cultivars and exotic genotypes with resistance to BCMV and BCMNV strains have been reported. This study sought to determine the distribution and screen popular cultivars for resistance to the viruses. In October 2016 and May 2017, two diagnostic surveys for bean common mosaic disease (BCMD) were conducted in seven counties of western Kenya namely Bungoma, Busia, Homa Bay, Nandi, Vihiga, Kakamega and Siaya. Leaf samples showing virus‐like symptoms were collected and analysed by ELISA. Sixteen popularly grown bean cultivars together with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), soybean (Glycine max), green grams (Vigna radiata) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) were planted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. The plants were inoculated with BCMNV isolate at 3‐leaf stage. Data were taken weekly for 3 weeks on type of symptoms expressed and number of plants infected. In total, 270 bean farms were visited. Symptoms of mosaic, downward curling, local lesions, stunting or a combination of these were observed during both surveys. Mean virus incidence was higher in the short rain season (50.2%) than in the long rain season (35.6%). The mean BCMD severity on a scale of 0–3 was highest (2.3) in Kakamega County and lowest (0.5) in Siaya. On variety resistance tests to BCMNV isolate, 10 bean cultivars were susceptible, four tolerant and two resistant. BCMNV is widely distributed across counties probably because of use of uncertified seeds by farmers and inoculum pressure from seed and aphid vector. For improved yields of common bean, farmers should be advised to plant certified seeds for all legumes in the cropping system.
The effect of apatinib on pharmacokinetic profile of buspirone both in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Zhang Xiao-dan , Li Ying-hui , Chen Dao-xing , You Wei-wei , Hu Xiao-xia , Chen Bing-bing , Hu Guo-xin , Qian Jian-chang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential interaction of apatinib and buspirone and underlying mechanism.

Methods
UPLC-MS/MS assay was applied to determine the concentrations of buspirone and its main metabolites (1-PP and 6-OH buspirone) after incubated with liver microsomes. Moreover, the connection of in vitro and in vivo was further determined. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (20 mg/kg buspirone) and group B (buspirone vs 40 mg/kg apatinib). Tail vein blood was collected and subjected to the UPLC-MS/MS detection.

Key findings
Apatinib inhibited the generations of 1-PP and 6-OH buspirone dose-dependently with IC50 of 1.76 and 2.23 μm in RLMs, and 1.51 and 1.48 μm in HLMs, respectively. There was a mixed mechanism underlying such an inhibition effect. In rat, AUC(0–t), AUC(0–∞), Tmax and Cmax of buspirone and 6-OH buspirone increased significantly while co-administering with apatinib, but Vz/F and CLz/F decreased obviously while comparing group A with group B .

Conclusions
Apatinib suppresses the CYP450 based metabolism of buspirone in a mixed mechanism and boosted the blood exposure of prototype drug and 6-OH buspirone dramatically. Therefore, extra caution should be taken when combining apatinib with buspirone in clinic.
A Multifactorial Model of Dyslexia: Evidence from Executive Functions and Phonological‐based Treatments
Authors: Pasqualotto Angela , Venuti Paola 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this research, we examined the responsiveness to treatment in 49 Italian children with Dyslexia. In part A, we compare the efficacy of a phonological‐based treatment (Ph‐T) with a cognitive training of executive functions (CT). In part B, we investigate whether a sequential treatment (CT+Ph‐T) has a larger remedial effect compared to the pure phonological‐based treatment (Ph‐T + Ph‐T). Results after 24 hours of treatment showed significant improvements in the executive functions (EFs) for the sequential group only. Considering reading accuracy, children benefited significantly from both treatments; however, only the sequential group significantly improved in reading speed. Crucially, the reading gains appeared to be related to improvements in the EFs, supporting a multifactorial model of this disorder. The aforementioned findings suggest that the combination of cognitive training of EFs with a phonological‐based treatment can be used effectively in rehabilitating dyslexia.
Using audio stimuli in acceptability judgment experiments
Authors: Sedarous Yourdanis , Namboodiripad Savithry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that moving away from written stimuli in acceptability judgment experiments is necessary to address the systematic exclusion of particular empirical phenomena, languages/varieties, and speakers in psycholinguistics. We provide user‐friendly guidelines for conducting acceptability experiments which use audio stimuli in three platforms: Praat, Qualtrics, and PennController for Ibex. In supplementary materials, we include data and R script from a sample experiment investigating English constituent order using written and audio stimuli. This paper aims not only to increase the types of languages, speakers, and phenomena which are included in experimental syntax, but also to help researchers who are interested in conducting experiments to overcome the initial learning curve. Video Abstract link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoWYY1O9ugs
Beliefs in national continuity are related to essentialist thinking and to perceptions of the nation as a family
Authors: Siromahov Metodi , Buhrmester Michael , McKay Ryan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNational narratives serve to foster a sense of collective continuity—the perception that the nation has preserved its traits, values and goals across many generations. The present study explores some of the correlates of such perceptions of collective continuity (PCC). We predicted that people who see their nation as more continuous would tend to think about social groups in more strongly essentialist terms and to feel personally attached to other group members (a phenomenon known as identity fusion). An international sample of 307 respondents (predominantly from the United States and India) completed measures of PCC, social essentialism, identity fusion and national identification. Both hypotheses were supported at the level of the level of the full sample, suggesting that perceived national continuity is related to a general cognitive predisposition for essentialist thinking and also to one's sense of personal attachment to the nation. However, exploratory analyses by nationality revealed that the results could not be replicated with the Indian participants, potentially as a result of cultural factors. Identity fusion was also more strongly correlated to cultural/essentialist continuity than to historical continuity. Interpretations and directions for future research are discussed.
Development and validation of the paediatric Carbohydrate Perception Questionnaire (pCPQ), an instrument for the assessment of carbohydrate‐induced gastrointestinal symptoms in the paediatric population
Authors: Hammer Johann , Memaran Nima , Huber Wolf‐Dietrich , Hammer Karin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is an unmet need for a validated, test‐specific symptom questionnaire to evaluate carbohydrate perception during breath tests. Our aim was to develop and validate a questionnaire for the assessment of symptoms after a provocative carbohydrate load.MethodsAfter a literature search and initial focus group‐style interviews, five relevant complaints were identified. Responses were given on a Likert‐type faces scale with a language children use and understand. Reliability, validity and responsiveness to change were established by the implementation of the questionnaire during breath tests in 215 pediatric subjects. Correlation between the questionnaire and a medical interview by a pediatrician who was blinded to the results of the questionnaire (n = 19) was determined.Key ResultsThe questionnaire had good face and content validity (Lawshe ratio = 1). Intraclass correlation coefficients for test‐retest reliability (n = 116) demonstrated good repeatability (P < .001), and effect sizes were small (Cohen's d < 0.15 for all symptoms). Convergent validity and discriminant validity were supported according to the multitrait‐multimethod matrix method. The results obtained by the questionnaire correlated highly with the result of the medical interview (P < .001; Fisher's exact test). Cronbach's alpha was 0.81. Responsiveness was verified for the whole patient group and subgroups with medium to high effect sizes.Conclusions and InferencesThe paediatric Carbohydrate Perception Questionnaire (pCPQ) is a simple, test‐specific questionnaire for a pediatric population. It is a valid instrument with excellent psychometric properties to assess gastrointestinal symptoms after carbohydrate ingestion. The pCPQ can replace non‐validated symptom assessment during carbohydrate breath tests and allows a standardized diagnosis of carbohydrate intolerance.
Anatomical assessment by cone beam computed tomography with the use of lateral cephalograms to analyse the vertical bone height of the anterior palate for orthodontic mini‐implants
Authors: Möhlhenrich Stephan Christian , Kniha Kristian , Peters Florian , Chhatwani Sachin , Prescher Andreas , Hölzle Frank , Modabber Ali , Danesh Golamreza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveLateral cephalograms (LC) should be usable to evaluate the vertical bone height of the anterior maxilla for planning the placement of orthodontic mini‐implants (OMI). The purpose of this study is to determine the usability of LC for examining the real vertical dimension of the anterior palate.Setting and Sample PopulationLateral cephalograms and corresponding cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were employed for examining 30 fresh cadaver heads.Materials & MethodsThe minimum (distance A) and maximum (distance B) vertical palatal bone heights on LCs at the level of first premolars were measured, whereas the corresponding measurements were taken via CBCTs on the median, and 2‐, 4‐ and 6‐mm paramedian planes. Additionally, the overall minimum vertical palatal height on CBCT was recorded.ResultsDistance A and B on LC were about 8.3 ± 2.5 mm and 9.9 ± 2.5 mm, respectively. The median palatal height on CBCT was significantly higher than both measurements on LC (P < .01). Furthermore, the bone supply on the paramedian planes was similar or higher on CBCT compared to Distance A and similar or less compared to Distance B. The strongest correlation at the level of the premolars was found in the comparison of the maximum vertical palatal height via LC with the vertical palatal height on the median plane via CBCT (r = .84, 95% CI: 0.69‐0.92, P < .001).ConclusionsIn order to make the best possible use of the vertical bone supply of the anterior palate and to avoid injuries to the nasal floor, Distance A should be taken into account for planning paramedian OMI placements and distance B for median OMI insertion.
In vivo and ex vivo actions of a novel P. gingivalis inhibitor on multi‐species biofilm, inflammatory response, and periodontal bone loss
Authors: Ho Meng‐Hsuan , Hasturk Hatice , Young Daphne F. , Xie Hua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChronic periodontitis is one of the most common infectious inflammatory diseases worldwide. Current therapeutic options for the disease are only partially and temporarily successful due to periodontal re‐emergence of pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone bacterium in the oral microbial communities, which elicits a dysbiosis between the microbiota and the host. Previously, we reported a peptide inhibitor of P. gingivalis (SAPP) that specifically targets P. gingivalis and reduces its virulence potential in vitro. Here, we show that SAPP can modulate the ability of P. gingivalis to suppress the host innate immune system. Using a cytokine array analysis, we found that the levels of several cytokines including IL‐6, IL‐8, and MCP‐1 in the culture media of human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were significantly diminished in the presence of P. gingivalis. Whereas the levels of these cytokines were restored, at least partially, in the culture media of HOKs by SAPP treatment. Furthermore, we also observed in an ex vivo assay that SAPP efficiently inhibited biofilm primed formation by mixed‐species oral bacteria, and significantly dampened the abnormally innate immune responses induced by these bacteria. We also demonstrated, using a mouse model, that SAPP could prevent alveolar bone loss induced by P. gingivalis. Our results suggest that SAPP specifically targets P. gingivalis and its associated bacterial communities and could be envisioned as an emerging therapy for periodontitis.
Maternal microbiome regulation prevents early allergic airway diseases in mouse offspring
Authors: Liu Jing , Tu Changli , Yu Jinyan , Chen Meizhu , Tan Cuiyan , Zheng Xiaobin , Wang Zhenguo , Liang Yingjian , Wang Kongqiu , Wu Jian , Li Yanlei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is a serious global health problem, severely affecting the lives of sufferers and their families. An exceptionally hygienic home and reduced microbial exposure can aggravate the incidence of childhood asthma.MethodsSpecific‐pathogen‐free BALB/c mice were pre‐treated with bacterial lysate (BL; 1 mg/kg) as a high microbial load maternal mouse model, and then, the offspring mice were established as an allergic airway disease (AAD) model. The expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, and HDAC9 in the mother's intestine and the offspring's lungs were detected. Relevant indicators of regulatory T cells (Tregs) were identified in the mother and offspring mice. The changes in the expression of Th1‐, Th2‐, Th9‐, and Th17‐related cytokines in the offspring mice were evaluated among different pre‐treated groups.ResultsAfter augmenting the mothers’ intestinal microbiota through oral BL gavage, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the colon mucosa and colon lymphoid tissues was enhanced and that of HDAC9 in the colon mucosa was decreased, and the proportion of spleen Tregs was increased. The offspring showed similar changes in the AAD model compared with the offspring of the control‐group mothers: TLR2 and TLR4 expression in the lungs and the proportion of spleen Tregs increased, HDAC9 expression in the lungs decreased, and AAD‐induced airway pathologic characteristics were reversed; additionally, Th1/Th2 and Th9 imbalances were rectified.ConclusionsThis study presents a new framework for the prevention of childhood asthma, elucidating the mechanism of regulating the mother's intestinal microbiome to protect the offspring's early asthma via animal experiments.
The PI3K pathway induced by αMSH exerts a negative feedback on melanogenesis and contributes to the release of pigment
Authors: Mosca Sarah , Cardinali Giorgia , Flori Enrica , Briganti Stefania , Bottillo Irene , Mileo Anna M. , Maresca Vittoria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe melanocortin‐1 receptor (MC1R) belongs to the family of the G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR). Activated GPCRs can promote the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway. Few studies deal with the role of the PI3K pathway activation in response to αMSH. On B16‐F10 cell line, we investigated the αMSH‐dependent modulation of pAKT/AKT, as a key element of the PI3K pathway after rapid and prolonged stimulation. We demonstrated that αMSH triggers a rapid modulation of AKT which culminates in an increase in its phosphorylation. We highlighted a comparable upregulation of pAKT after exposure to αMSH on primary cultures of normal human melanocytes (NHMs) expressing a wild‐type MC1R. On B16‐F10 cells, NHMs, and an ex vivo model of human skin biopsies, we explored the influence of PI3K/AKT signaling triggered by αMSH, focusing on the control of melanogenesis and pigment release. We showed that the αMSH‐dependent PI3K/AKT pathway exerts a negative feedback on melanogenesis and promotes the extracellular release of pigment. We strengthened the role of the PI3K/AKT pathway triggered by αMSH in preserving redox equilibrium and genome integrity, highlighting its role in affecting cell survival.
Pseudophoenix ekmanii (Arecaceae) seeds at suboptimal temperature show reduced imbibition rates and enhanced expression of genes related to germination inhibition
Authors: Visscher A. M. , Castillo‐Lorenzo E. , Toorop P. E. , Junio da Silva L. , Yeo M. , Pritchard H. W. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Pseudophoenix ekmanii is a critically endangered palm species that can be found in the southeast of the Dominican Republic. The temperatures to which P. ekmanii seeds are exposed upon dispersal range from 32 to 23 °C (max and min) and can reach a low of approximately 20 °C in January. Our aim was to analyse the effect of suboptimal (20 °C) and optimal (30 °C) germination temperature on seed imbibition, moisture content, embryo growth and gene expression patterns in this tropical palm species.

Seed imbibition was tracked using whole seeds, while moisture content was assessed for individual seed sections. Embryo and whole seed size were measured before and after full imbibition. For transcriptome sequencing, mRNA was extracted from embryo tissues only and the resulting reads were mapped against the Elaeis guineensis reference genome. Differentially expressed genes were identified after statistical analysis and subsequently probed for enrichment of Gene Ontology categories ‘Biological process’ and ‘Cellular component’.

Our results show that prolonged exposure to 20 °C slows whole seed and embryo imbibition and causes germination to be both delayed and inhibited. Embryonic transcriptome patterns associated with the negative regulation of germination by suboptimal temperature include up‐regulation of ABA biosynthesis genes, ABA‐responsive genes, as well as other genes previously related to physiological dormancy and inhibition of germination.

Thus, our manuscript provides the first insights into the gene expression patterns involved in the response to suboptimal temperature during seed imbibition in a tropical palm species.
Preference for whole blood versus plasma donation among university students
Authors: France Christopher R. , France Janis L. 
Published: July 2020

Background and ObjectivesDebate continues about whether monetary payments encourage or discourage self‐motivated behaviour such as blood donation. With the growing number of paid plasma donation centres in the United States, and the ongoing challenge to recruit and retain volunteer blood donors, a better understanding of the impact of compensation on donation preferences is essential.Material and MethodsA sample of 459 undergraduate students (73·9% female, mean age =18·9, SD = 1·3 years) completed an anonymous online survey that included a question about their preference for donating blood, donating plasma or neither. Preferences were re‐assessed after providing information regarding current differential compensation for blood and plasma donations, and in the context of a hypothetical scenario where both blood and plasma donors could receive payment.ResultsParticipants initially expressed a clear preference for donating blood (73·7%) relative to plasma (3·9%), but these preferences shifted in favour of plasma donation (47·7%) versus blood donation (39·4%) after learning that plasma donors can be paid. However, when asked to consider a hypothetical future wherein payment was offered for either type of donation, participants again reported a strong preference for donating blood (79·3%) relative to plasma (6·3%). These preferences did not differ as a function of sex or donation history.ConclusionThese results suggest that a significant proportion of young adults are positively motivated to donate blood or blood products by the opportunity for payment.