bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inequality in fertility rate among adolescents: evidence from Timor-Leste demographic and health surveys 2009–2016
Authors: Yaya Sanni , Zegeye Betregiorgis , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Oladimeji Kelechi Elizabeth , Shibre Gebretsadik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite a decline in global adolescent birth rate, many countries in South East Asia still experience a slower pace decline in adolescent birth rates. Timor-Leste is one of the countries in the region with the highest adolescent birth rate and huge disparities between socio-economic subgroups. Hence, this study assessed the magnitude and trends in adolescent fertility rates within different socio-demographic subgroups in Timor-Leste.

Methods
Using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) software, data from the Timor-Leste Demographic and Health surveys (TLDHS) were analyzed between 2009 and 2016. We approached the inequality analysis in two steps. First, we disaggregated adolescent fertility rates by four equity stratifiers: wealth index, education, residence and region. Second, we measured the inequality through summary measures, namely Difference, Population Attributable Risk, Ratio and Population Attributable Fraction. A 95% confidence interval was constructed for point estimates to measure statistical significance.

Results
We found large socio-economic and area-based inequalities over the last 7 years. Adolescent girls who were poor (Population Attributable Fraction: -54.87, 95% CI; − 57.73, − 52.02; Population Attributable Risk: -24.25, 95% CI; − 25.51, − 22.99), uneducated (Difference: 58.69, 95% CI; 31.19, 86.18; Population Attributable Fraction: -25.83, 95% CI; − 26.93, − 24.74), from rural areas (Ratio: 2.76, 95% CI; 1.91, 3.60; Population Attributable Risk: -23.10, 95% CI; − 24.12, − 22.09) and from the Oecussi region (Population Attributable Fraction: -53.37, 95% CI; − 56.07, − 50.67; Difference: 60.49, 95% CI; 29.57, 91.41) had higher chance of having more births than those who were rich, educated, urban residents and from the Dili region, respectively.

Conclusions
This study identified disproportionately higher burden of teenage birth among disadvantaged adolescents who are, poor, uneducated, rural residents and those living in regions such as Oecussi, Liquica and Manufahi, respectively. Policymakers should work to prevent child marriage and early fertility to ensure continuous education, reproductive health care and livelihood opportunities for adolescent girls. Specialized interventions should also be drawn to the subpopulation that had disproportionately higher adolescent childbirth.
Human distribution and spatial-temporal clustering analysis of human brucellosis in China from 2012 to 2016
Authors: Liang Pei-Feng , Zhao Yuan , Zhao Jian-Hua , Pan Dong-Feng , Guo Zhong-Qin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Brucellosis is a major public health issue in China, while its temporal and spatial distribution have not been studied in depth. This study aims to better understand the epidemiology of brucellosis in the mainland of China, by investigating the human, temporal and spatial distribution and clustering characteristics of the disease.

Methods
Human brucellosis data from the mainland of China between 2012 and 2016 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of ArcGIS10.6 and the spatial-temporal scanning analysis of SaTScan software were used to identify potential changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in the mainland of China during the study period.

Results
A total of 244 348 human brucellosis cases were reported during the study period of 2012–2016. The average incidence of human brucellosis was higher in the 40–65 age group. The temporal clustering analysis showed that the high incidence of brucellosis occurred between March and July. The spatial clustering analysis showed that the location of brucellosis clustering in the mainland of China remained relatively fixed, mainly concentrated in most parts of northern China. The results of the spatial-temporal clustering analysis showed that Heilongjiang represents a primary clustering area, and the Tibet, Shanxi and Hubei provinces represent three secondary clustering areas.

Conclusions
Human brucellosis remains a widespread challenge, particularly in northern China. The clustering analysis highlights potential high-risk human groups, time frames and areas, which may require special plans and resources to monitor and control the disease.
Study of a robotic system to detect water leakage and fuel debris-System proposal and feasibility study of visual odometry providing intuitive bird’s eye view-
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Endo Gen , Takahashi Masashi , Nabae Hiroyuki , Suzumori Koichi , Tsuzuki Nobuyoshi , Takahashi Hideharu , Kimoto Kazushi , Ihara Tomonori , Kikura Hiroshige 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo obtain the necessary information on fuel debris and water leakages during the decommissioning task of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, an ultrasonic-based method was proposed for future internal investigation of the primary containment vessel (PCV). In this article, we describe the rotatable winch mechanism and visual localization method, which were used to aid the investigation. We used the rotatable winch mechanism to adjust the height and orientation of the ultrasonic sensor and localized the robot with cameras to localize the sensor, to provide assisting information for data combination. We studied the feasibility of the conventional visual odometry method for application to the situation and performed localizing accuracy evaluation experiments with a mobile robotic platform prototype. The results showed that the visual odometry method could generate intuitive bird’s-eye-view maps, and provided an average error rate of 35 mm/1500 mm, which met the required maximum error rate of 100 mm/1500 mm for the grating movement. Experiments were also conducted with adjustable parameter ranges that could provide the required accuracy.
A case of irreversible bradycardia after rituximab therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ko Ko Nway Le , Minaskeian Nareg , El Masry Hicham Z. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis is a case of a middle-aged woman with underlying cardiac conduction system with episodes of AV Wenckebach, who subsequently developed significant AV conduction system abnormalities after receiving one standard dose of Rituximab infusion for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Rituximab, being a monoclonal antibody against CD-20 antigen, is effective in treatment of B-cell lymphoma but may also cause bradyarrythmias likely due to the calcium ion channel property of CD-20 antigen.
Preoperative flexion contracture is a predisposing factor for cartilage degeneration at the patellofemoral joint after open wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Otsuki Shuhei , Ikeda Kuniaki , Wakama Hitoshi , Okuno Nobuhiro , Okamoto Yoshinori , Okayoshi Tomohiro , Miyamoto Yuki , Neo Masashi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to determine the effect of cartilage degeneration at the patellofemoral joint on clinical outcomes after open wedge high tibial osteotomy and to investigate the predisposing factors for progressive patellofemoral cartilage degeneration.MethodsSeventy-two knees were evaluated on second-look arthroscopy in patients who opted for plate and screw removal at an average of 20.1 months after osteotomy. Cartilage degeneration at the patellofemoral joint was evaluated using the International Cartilage Repair Society grading system, with cases divided into progression and nonprogression groups. Radiographic parameters of the patellofemoral anatomy, knee range of motion, and clinical outcomes were evaluated from the preoperative baseline to the final follow up, on average 50 months after osteotomy. A contracture > 5° was considered a flexion contracture.ResultsCartilage degeneration progressed in 31 knees, and preoperative knee flexion contracture was significantly associated with progressive degeneration (P < 0.01). The Lysholm and Kujala scores were significantly lower in the progression group (87.9 and 85.3, respectively) than in the nonprogression group (91.6 and 93.6, respectively) (P < 0.05). The odds ratio of the flexion contracture resulting in progression of patellofemoral cartilage degeneration was 4.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.77–12.1). No association was detected between progressive degeneration and age, sex, body mass index, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, or radiographic parameters.ConclusionsFlexion contracture may be associated with progression of cartilage degeneration at the patellofemoral joint and may negatively affect the clinical outcomes after open wedge, high tibial osteotomy.
Can a combination of two neuropsychological tests screen for mild neurocognitive disorder better than each test alone? A cross-sectional study
Authors: ELbedewy Reem Mohamed Sabry , ELOKL Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Early symptoms of dementia may not be apparent and are sometimes even concealed during short office visits initiated for other complaints. The aim of the study is to find out if the combined use of VF/CDT, VF/BNT, or CDT/BNT could improve the accuracy of detecting mild NCD in an outpatient setting, compared with either test used alone.

Participants
Community-dwelling older adults, attending the outpatient Geriatrics Clinic at Ain Shams University hospitals between June 1, 2017 and January 31, 2018. All participants received a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) which included the mini-mental state examination test. Participants with a score of less than 24 and fulfil DSM5 criteria for mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) are considered cognitively impaired otherwise are considered normal. Then participants were further examined by the Arabic versions of CDT, BNT, and VF animal category.

Results
We recruited 143 male and female participants mean age 67.17 ± 5.41, females are 56.6%, and 48.9% of all participants have mild NCD according to DSM5 criteria. AUC for individual neurocognitive tests in illiterates is 0.893 for clock drawing test, 0.907 for verbal fluency animal category, and 0.904 for Boston naming test, while AUC for neurocognitive test combinations in illiterates is 0.932 for VF + CDT, 0.917 for VF + BNT, and 0.932 for BNT + CDT. On the other hand, AUC for individual neurocognitive tests in educated participants is 0.925 for clock drawing test, 0.921 for verbal fluency animal category, and 0.907 for Boston naming test, whereas AUC for neurocognitive test combinations in educated participants is 0.958 for VF + CDT, 0.963 for VF + BNT, and 0.953 for BNT + CDT.

Conclusion
From the current study, we can conclude that any of the studied combinations have better diagnostic accuracy (although small) than individual test in both literate and illiterate older adults.
Erratum: Spatio-temporal propagation of COVID-19 pandemics
Authors: Gross Bnaya , Zheng Zhiguo , Liu Shiyan , Chen Xiaoqi , Sela Alon , Li Jianxin , Li Daqing , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Original article:
EPL, 131 (2020) 58003.
Dysplasia, malformation, or deformity? - explanation of the basis of hip development disorders and suggestions for future diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Dygut Jacek , Piwowar Monika 
Published: October 2020

This publication focuses on processes which disrupt proper development of the hip. Four pathomechanisms underlying human developmental defects are described in literature, i.e. dysplasia, malformation, disruption, and deformity. In the case of hip development, arguably the greatest challenge involves confusion between dysplasia and deformity, which often leads to misdiagnosis, incorrect nomenclature, and incorrectly chosen treatment.The paper presents a description of hip joint development disorders in the context of their pathomechanisms. An attempt was made to answer the question whether these disorders are rooted in a primary disorder of tissue growth, resulting in its incorrect anatomy, or are the result of anatomical deformation with secondary modifications in tissue structures of a degenerative or adaptive nature, based on Deplesch-Heuter-Volkmann growth and remodeling laws. In addition, emphasis is placed on attention to the presence of the so-called clinically and diagnostically mute cases. The need to augment diagnostic procedures with genetic tests in order to increase the sensitivity of screening has also been suggested. Based on the arguments presented in the paper, a new division of developmental hip disorders has been proposed.
Improving open and rigorous science: ten key future research opportunities related to rigor, reproducibility, and transparency in scientific research
Authors: Valdez Danny , Vorland Colby J. , Brown Andrew W. , Mayo-Wilson Evan , Otten Justin , Ball Richard , Grant Sean , Levy Rachel , Svetina Valdivia Dubravka , Allison David B. 
Published: October 2020

Background:As part of a coordinated effort to expand research activity around rigor, reproducibility, and transparency (RRT) across scientific disciplines, a team of investigators at the Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington hosted a workshop in October 2019 with international leaders to discuss key opportunities for RRT research.Objective:The workshop aimed to identify research priorities and opportunities related to RRT.Design:Over two-days, workshop attendees gave presentations and participated in three working groups: (1) Improving Education & Training in RRT, (2) Reducing Statistical Errors and Increasing Analytic Transparency, and (3) Looking Outward: Increasing Truthfulness and Accuracy of Research Communications. Following small-group discussions, the working groups presented their findings, and participants discussed the research opportunities identified. The investigators compiled a list of research priorities, which were circulated to all participants for feedback.Results:Participants identified the following priority research questions: (1) Can RRT-focused statistics and mathematical modeling courses improve statistics practice?; (2) Can specialized training in scientific writing improve transparency?; (3) Does modality (e.g. face to face, online) affect the efficacy RRT-related education?; (4) How can automated programs help identify errors more efficiently?; (5) What is the prevalence and impact of errors in scientific publications (e.g., analytic inconsistencies, statistical errors, and other objective errors)?; (6) Do error prevention workflows reduce errors?; (7) How do we encourage post-publication error correction?; (8) How does ‘spin’ in research communication affect stakeholder understanding and use of research evidence?; (9) Do tools to aid writing research reports increase comprehensiveness and clarity of research reports?; and (10) Is it possible to inculcate scientific values and norms related to truthful, rigorous, accurate, and comprehensive scientific reporting?Conclusion:Participants identified important and relatively unexplored questions related to improving RRT. This list may be useful to the scientific community and investigators seeking to advance meta-science (i.e. research on research).
Scenario Grouping and Decomposition Algorithms for Chance-Constrained Programs
Authors: Deng Yan , Jia Huiwen , Ahmed Shabbir , Lee Jon , Shen Siqian 
Published: October 2020

A lower bound for a finite-scenario-based chance-constrained program is the quantile value corresponding to the sorted optimal objective values of scenario subproblems. This quantile bound can be improved by grouping subsets of scenarios at the expense of solving larger subproblems. The quality of the bound depends on how the scenarios are grouped. In this paper, we formulate a mixed-integer bilevel program that optimally groups scenarios to tighten the quantile bounds. For general chance-constrained programs, we propose a branch-and-cut algorithm to optimize the bilevel program, and for chance-constrained linear programs, a mixed-integer linear-programming reformulation is derived. We also propose several heuristics for grouping similar or dissimilar scenarios. Our computational results demonstrate that optimal grouping bounds are much tighter than heuristic bounds, resulting in smaller root-node gaps and better performance of scenario decomposition for solving chance-constrained 0-1 programs. Also, the optimal grouping bounds can be greatly strengthened using larger group size. Summary of Contribution: Chance-constrained programs are in general NP-hard but widely used in practice for lowering the risk of undesirable outcomes during decision making under uncertainty. Assuming finite scenarios of uncertain parameter, chance-constrained programs can be reformulated as mixed-integer linear programs with binary variables representing whether or not the constraints are satisfied in corresponding scenarios. A useful quantile bound for solving chance-constrained programs can be improved by grouping subsets of scenarios at the expense of solving larger subproblems. In this paper, we develop algorithms for optimally and heuristically grouping scenarios to tighten the quantile bounds. We aim to improve both the computation and solution quality of a variety of chance-constrained programs formulated for different Operations Research problems.
Optimal regularity of stable solutions to nonlinear equations involving the p-Laplacian
Authors: Cabré Xavier , Miraglio Pietro , Sanchón Manel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We consider the equation

-

Δ
p

⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
u
)

{-\Delta_{p}u=f(u)}

in a smooth bounded domain of

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

, where

Δ
p

{\Delta_{p}}

is the p-Laplace operator. Explicit examples of unbounded stable energy solutions are known if

n
≥

p
+

4
⁢
p

p
-
1

{n\geq p+\frac{4p}{p-1}}

.
Instead, when

n
<

p
+

4
⁢
p

p
-
1

{n<p+\frac{4p}{p-1}}

, stable solutions have been proved to be bounded only in the radial case or under strong assumptions on f.
In this article we solve a long-standing open problem: we prove an interior

C
α

{C^{\alpha}}

bound for stable solutions which holds for every nonnegative

f
∈

C
1

{f\in C^{1}}

whenever

p
≥
2

{p\geq 2}

and the optimal condition

n
<

p
+

4
⁢
p

p
-
1

{n<p+\frac{4p}{p-1}}

holds.
When

p
∈

(
1
,
2
)

{p\in(1,2)}

, we obtain the same result under the nonsharp assumption

n
<

5
⁢
p

{n<5p}

.
These interior estimates lead to the boundedness of stable and extremal solutions to the associated Dirichlet problem when the domain is strictly convex.
Our work extends to the p-Laplacian some of the recent results of Figalli, Ros-Oton, Serra, and the first author for the classical Laplacian, which have established the regularity of stable solutions when

p
=
2

{p=2}

in the optimal range

n
<
10

{n<10}

.
Effect of addition of dried potato pulp on selected quality characteristics of shortcrust pastry cookies
Authors: Boruczkowska Hanna , Boruczkowski Tomasz , Figurska-Ciura Danuta , Drożdż Wioletta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPotato pulp is a nuisance waste from the production of potato starch, containing large amounts of dietary fiber; therefore, addition of the pulp to food may have a positive effect on the nutritional value of food products. To increase the amount of dietary fiber, shortcrust pastry cookies were baked by replacing some of the flour (20–100%) with an equivalent amount of dried potato pulp. In all the tested variants, correct confectionery products were obtained. The color of finished product (measured using Konica-Minolta CM-5 spectrophotometer) and mechanical properties of raw dough and baked cookies (subjected to a tensile test, using INSTRON 5544 Tensile Tester) were determined. Furthermore, the samples were subjected to sensory consumer assessment (evaluated on a 7-point hedonic scale). Colorimetric tests of the cookies showed a slight shift in their color from yellow toward green but at the same time lowering its saturation. Strength tests show that only the replacement of more than 40% of flour by the dried pulp resulted in a significant increase in the hardness of baked products. Regarding the tests with consumers, cookies containing up to 40% potato pulp were acceptable. Such a large addition of potato pulp to shortcrust pastry cookies creates new opportunities for this waste management.
Mechanical analysis of basic roof fracture mechanism and feature in coal mining with partial gangue backfilling
Authors: Wei Yin , Xiaomin Bai , Jingke Wu , Ran Zhang , Chao Liu , Ran Zhang , Yunxin Tang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Coal mining with partial gangue backfilling (CMPGB) method has the advantages of both high filling efficiency and excellent workface capacity, which breaks through the technical bottleneck of full-section backfilling mining. In order to reveal the fracture mechanism and characteristics in CMPGB workface, this paper presents a comparative analysis of the filling ratio of different filling patterns in CMPGB. A local composite elastic foundation mechanical model of basic roof in CMPGB was established using thin elastic plate theory. Then, Galerkin’s semi-analytic solution process was designed according to local composite elastic foundation characteristics. A deflection equation of the basic roof was derived, and a critical condition of the basic roof breakage was given. Based on engineering calculation example of Ji15-31010 workface of Pingdingshan No. 12 Coal Mine, the following conclusions are drawn. (1) At the basic roof of caving section, tensile-shear failure occurred in workface, cutoff position, and transition section, while compressive-shear failure occurred in the central part of the goaf. The basic roof showed a typical local “C–X” failure characteristic. (2) The value of first caving span decreased from 32.7 to 31.4 m as the elastic foundation coefficient of backfilling body increased from 70 × 106 to 120 × 106 N/m3, with a decreasing amplitude of only 4.1%. The increase of density of backfilling body only changed the support structure of backfilling section and had an insignificant effect on the first caving span. (3) The value of the first caving span decreased from 59.1 to 21.68 m as the length of caving section increased from 40 to 140 m, indicating that the first caving span was mainly influenced by the length of caving section. The measured value of the first caving span of Ji15-31010 CMPGB workface was 29.8 m, which was close to the theoretical value of mechanical model.
Comparison estimates on the first eigenvalue of a quasilinear elliptic system
Authors: Abolarinwa Abimbola , Azami Shahroud 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We study a system of quasilinear eigenvalue problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions on complete compact Riemannian manifolds. In particular, Cheng comparison estimates and the inequality of Faber–Krahn for the first eigenvalue of a

(
p
,
q
)

{(p,q)}

-Laplacian are recovered. Lastly, we reprove a Cheeger-type estimate for the p-Laplacian,

1
<
p
<
∞

{1<p<\infty}

, from where a lower bound estimate in terms of Cheeger’s constant for the first eigenvalue of a

(
p
,
q
)

{(p,q)}

-Laplacian is built. As a corollary, the first eigenvalue converges to Cheeger’s constant as

p
,
q

→
1

,
1

{p,q\to 1,1}

.