bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnesium levels and outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Angenendt Linus , Hilgefort Isabel , Mikesch Jan-Henrik , Schlüter Bernhard , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Lenz Georg , Stelljes Matthias , Schliemann Christoph 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLow intake of magnesium has been associated with the occurrence of lymphomas and decreased magnesium levels suppress the cytotoxic function of T cells and natural killer cells in patients with “X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia” (XMEN) syndrome. These cell types are also important mediators of immune-mediated effects after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we show that high posttransplant magnesium levels independently associate with a lower incidence of relapse, a higher risk of acute graft-versus-host disease, and a higher non-relapse mortality in 368 patients with acute myeloid leukemia from our center. Magnesium serum levels might impact on donor-cell-mediated immune responses in acute myeloid leukemia.
Developmental conditions promote individual differentiation of endocrine axes and behavior in a tropical pinniped
Authors: DeRango Eugene J. , Schwarz Jonas F. L. , Zenth Friederike , Piedrahita Paolo , Páez-Rosas Diego , Crocker Daniel E. , Krüger Oliver 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBetween-individual variation in behavior can emerge through complex interactions between state-related mechanisms, which include internal physiological constraints or feedback derived from the external environment. State-related conditions can be especially influential during early life, when parental effort and exposure to social stress may canalize consistent differences in offspring hormonal profiles and foster specific behavioral strategies. Here, we unravel how relevant state variables, including sex, somatic condition, local population density, and maternal traits, contribute to within-cohort differences in stress, sex, and thyroid hormone axes in dependent Galapagos sea lions with the primary goal of understanding downstream effects on boldness, docility, habitat use, and activity. Pups within denser natal sites had higher levels of cortisol and thyroid T4, a prohormone and proxy for metabolic reserves, likely as an adaptive physiological response after exposure to increased numbers of conspecific interactions. Furthermore, considering maternal effects, mothers in better body condition produced pups with higher testosterone yet downregulated basal cortisol and thyroid T4. This hormonal profile was correlated with increased boldness toward novel objects and attenuated stress responsiveness during capture. Intriguingly, pups with increased thyroid T3, the biologically active form, maintained faster somatic growth and were observed to have increased activity and extensively explored surrounding habitats. Collectively, these findings provide comprehensive evidence for several links to hormone-mediated behavioral strategies, highlighted by variation in socio-environmental and maternally derived input during a foundational life stage.
Smallholder perceptions of land restoration activities: rewetting tropical peatland oil palm areas in Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Ward Caroline , Stringer Lindsay C. , Warren-Thomas Eleanor , Agus Fahmuddin , Crowson Merry , Hamer Keith , Hariyadi Bambang , Kartika Winda D. , Lucey Jennifer , McClean Colin , Nurida Neneng L. , Petorelli Nathalie , Pratiwi Etty , Saad Aasmadi , Andriyani Ririn , Ariani Tantria , Sriwahyuni Heni , Hill Jane K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Indonesian government committed to restoring over 2 million ha of degraded peatland by the end of 2020, mainly to reduce peat fires and greenhouse gas emissions. Although it is unlikely the government will meet this target, restoration projects are still underway. One restoration strategy involves blocking peatland drainage canals, but the consequences of this for smallholder farmers whose livelihoods are dependent on agriculture are unclear. This paper investigates perceived impacts of canal blocks on smallholder farmers and identifies factors that affect their willingness to accept canal blocks on their land. We use data from 181 household questionnaires collected in 2018 across three villages in Jambi province, Sumatra. We found that the majority of respondents would accept canal blocks on their farms, perceiving that the blocks would have no impact on yields or farm access, and would decrease fire risk. Respondents who would not accept blocks on their farms were more likely to use canals to access their farms and perceive that canal blocks would decrease yields. The majority of farmers unwilling to accept canal blocks did not change their mind when provided with an option of a block that would allow boat travel. Our results improve understanding of why some smallholders may be unwilling to engage with peatland restoration. Further research is needed to understand the impact of canal blocks on smallholders’ yields. Engaging with stakeholders from the outset to understand farmers’ concerns, and perceptions is key if the government is to succeed in meeting its peatland restoration target and to ensure that the costs and benefits of restoration are evenly shared between local stakeholders and other actors.
Negative impacts of invasive predators used as biological control agents against the pest snail Lissachatina fulica: the snail Euglandina ‘rosea’ and the flatworm Platydemus manokwari
Authors: Gerlach Justin , Barker Gary M. , Bick Cindy S. , Bouchet Philippe , Brodie Gilianne , Christensen Carl C. , Collins Timothy , Coote Trevor , Cowie Robert H. , Fiedler G. Curt , Griffiths Owen L. , Florens F. B. Vincent , Hayes Kenneth A. , Kim Jaynee , Meyer Jean-Yves , Meyer Wallace M. , Richling Ira , Slapcinsky John D. , Winsor Leigh , Yeung Norine W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince 1955 snails of theEuglandina roseaspecies complex andPlatydemus manokwariflatworms were widely introduced in attempted biological control of giant African snails (Lissachatina fulica) but have been implicated in the mass extinction of Pacific island snails. We review the histories of the 60 introductions and their impacts onL. fulicaand native snails. Since 1993 there have been unofficial releases ofEuglandinawithin island groups. Only three officialP. manokwarireleases took place, but new populations are being recorded at an increasing rate, probably because of accidental introduction. Claims that these predators controlledL. fulicacannot be substantiated; in some cases pest snail declines coincided with predator arrival but concomitant declines occurred elsewhere in the absence of the predator and the declines in some cases were only temporary. In the Hawaiian Islands, although there had been some earlier declines of native snails, theEuglandinaimpacts on native snails are clear with rapid decline of many endemic Hawaiian Achatinellinae following predator arrival. In the Society Islands, Partulidae tree snail populations remained stable untilEuglandinaintroduction, when declines were extremely rapid with an exact correspondence between predator arrival and tree snail decline.Platydemus manokwariinvasion coincides with native snail declines on some islands, notably the Ogasawara Islands of Japan, and its invasion of Florida has led to mass mortality ofLiguusspp. tree snails. We conclude thatEuglandinaandP. manokwariare not effective biocontrol agents, but do have major negative effects on native snail faunas. These predatory snails and flatworms are generalist predators and as such are not suitable for biological control.
What explains the gender gap in wealth? Evidence from administrative data
Authors: Meriküll Jaanika , Kukk Merike , Rõõm Tairi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the gender gap in net wealth. We use administrative data on wealth that are linked to the Estonian Household Finance and Consumption Survey, which provides individual-level wealth data for all household types. The unconditional gender gap in mean wealth is 45%, but this sizeable gap in means originates mainly from the top tail of the distribution, where men have much more wealth than women, while the gender differences in wealth are statistically insignificant in most of the lower wealth quintiles. At the top of the distribution the differences in wealth can be explained by larger self-employment activity of men. Men have more business wealth than women do, and the gender wealth gap is the largest for this asset class. The gender wealth gaps across different household types are very heterogeneous. The unconditional gaps in wealth are strongly in favour of men throughout most of the wealth distribution for married couples. For single-member households, on the other hand, the raw gaps are in favour of women in the lower half of the wealth distribution. These raw gaps in opposite directions can mostly be explained by differences in the observed characteristics of men and women among married couples vs single people.
Probabilistic truth approximation and fixed points
Authors: Atkinson David , Peijnenburg Jeanne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe use the method of fixed points to describe a form of probabilistic truth approximation which we illustrate by means of three examples. We then contrast this form of probabilistic truth approximation with another, more familiar kind, where no fixed points are used. In probabilistic truth approximation with fixed points the events are dependent on one another, but in the second kind they are independent. The first form exhibits a phenomenon that we call ‘fading origins’, the second one is subject to a phenomenon known as ‘the washing out of the prior’. We explain that the two phenomena may seem very similar, but are in fact quite different.
Towards early purchase intention prediction in online session based retailing systems
Authors: Esmeli Ramazan , Bader-El-Den Mohamed , Abdullahi Hassana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurchase prediction has an important role for decision-makers in e-commerce to improve consumer experience, provide personalised recommendations and increase revenue. Many works investigated purchase prediction for session logs by analysing users’ behaviour to predict purchase intention after a session has ended. In most cases, e-shoppers prefer to be anonymous while browsing the websites and after a session has ended, identifying users and offering discounts can be challenging. Therefore, after a session ends, predicting purchase intention may not be useful for the e-commerce strategists. In this work, we propose and develop an early purchase prediction framework using advanced machine learning models to investigate how early purchase intention in an ongoing session can be predicted. Since users could be anonymous, this could help to give real-time offers and discounts before the session ends. We use dynamically created session features after each interaction in a session, and propose a utility scoring method to evaluate how early machine learning models can predict the probability of purchase intention. The proposed framework is validated with a real-world dataset. Computational experiments show machine learning models can identify purchase intention early with good performance in terms of Area Under Curve (AUC) score which shows success rate of machine learning models on early purchase prediction.
Estimate the amount of ground water recharge in hard formations, case study: Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Alem Hossein , Esmaeilzadeh Soudejani Akbar , Fallahi Mahmood 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDiscovering underground water resources remains a vital and inevitable method for optimizing consumption and also maintaining existing resources, not only in the world in general but also in places like Mashhad in particular which faces increasing need for water. Therefore, the present paper aims to identify potential locations for developing karst formations by calculating infiltration percentage of formations. APLIS method, based on GIS analysis, was used to do analytical hierarchical process. Experimental variables assumed to affect infiltration and storage of rain water include altitude, slope, lithology, soil, preferred infiltration sites, and fracture. Information layers for all the above variables were created, and their proportional weight and combinations were specified. Finally, recharge rates of aquifers were calculated and presented in form of maps which also showed the extent of karst formations for various regions. Results let us see that location-specific average of recharge rate for Mashhad formations is 46% in a span of 15–96%. Any increase in infiltration percentage means more karstification in lithology of formations. The ability to map the water resources management and determine the water balance components, including estimating the amount of groundwater resource penetration, and the spatial identification of karst sources compared to other existing methods, is higher. Therefore, the map possesses predictive strength for potential regions of development of karstification. Given the recharge rates for various sites and specified karstic regions, we can anticipate a more efficient management with regard to maintaining water resources and managing consumption. Such management would be more economical and less time-consuming.
Traumatic hollow viscus and mesenteric injury: role of CT and potential diagnostic–therapeutic algorithm
Authors: Bonomi Alessandro Michele , Granieri Stefano , Gupta Shailvi , Altomare Michele , Cioffi Stefano Piero Bernardo , Sammartano Fabrizio , Cimbanassi Stefania , Chiara Osvaldo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDespite its rarity, traumatic hollow viscus and mesenteric injury (HVMI) have high mortality and complication rates. There is no consensus regarding its best management. Our aim is to evaluate contrast enhanced CT (ceCT) in the screening of HVMI and its capability to assess the need for surgery. All trauma patients admitted to an urban Level 1 trauma center between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with ceCT scan prior to laparotomy were included. Patients requiring surgical repair of HVMI and a ceCT scan consistent with HVMI were considered true positives. Six ceCT scan criteria for HVMI were used; at least one criterion was considered positive for HVMI. Sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), predictive values (PV), likelihood ratios (LR) and accuracy (Ac) of ceCT of single ceCT criteria and of the association of ceCT criteria were calculated using intraoperative findings as gold standard. Therapeutic time (TT), death probability (DP), and observed mortality (OM) were described. 114 of 4369 patients were selected for ceCT accuracy analysis; 47 were considered true positives. Sn of ceCT for HVMI was 97.9%, Sp 63.6%, PPV 66.2%, NPV 97.6%, + LR 2.69, −LR 0.03, Ac 78%; no single criterion stood out. The association of four or more criteria improved ceCT Sp to 98.5%, PPV to 95.6%, + LR to 30.5. Median TT was 2 h (IQR: 1–3 h). OM was 7.8%—not significantly higher than overall OM. CeCT in trauma has become a reliable screening test for HVMI and a valid exam to select HVMI patients for surgical exploration.
Near Real‐Time Global Plasma Irregularity Monitoring by FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2
Authors: Chen Shih‐Ping , Lin Charles (C. H.) , Rajesh Panthalingal Krishanunni , Liu Jann‐Yenq , Eastes Richard , Chou Min‐Yang , Choi Jong‐Min 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study presents initial results of the ionospheric scintillation in the F layer using the S4 index derived from the radio occultation experiment (RO‐S4) on FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2 (F7/C2). With the sufficiently dense RO‐S4 observations at low latitudes, it is possible to construct hourly, global scintillation maps to monitor equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). The preliminary F7/C2 RO‐S4 during August 2019 to April 2020 show clear scintillation distributions around American and the Atlantic Ocean longitudes. The RO‐S4 near Jicamarca are compared with range‐time‐intensity (RTI) maps of the 50 MHz radar, and the results show that the occurrence of intense RO‐S4 in the range 0.125–0.5 are co‐located with the bottomside of the spread‐F patterns. Increases in RO‐S4 at the upward phase of bottom‐side oscillations is theoretically consistent with large‐scale wave seeding of the EPBs. The locations and occurrences of the RO‐S4 greater than 0.5 are consistent with airglows depletions from the NASA GOLD mission. Climatology analyses show that monthly occurrences of RO‐S4 > 0.5 agree well with the monthly EPB occurrences in GOLD 135.6 nm image, and show a similar longitudinal distribution to that of DMSP and C/NOFS in‐situ measurements. The results suggest that the RO‐S4 intensities can be utilized to identify EPBs of specific scales.
Grain Size‐Specific Engelund‐Hansen Type Relation for Bed Material Load in Sand‐Bed Rivers, With Application to the Mississippi River
Authors: An Chenge , Gong Zheng , Naito Kensuke , Parker Gary , Hassan Marwan A. , Ma Hongbo , Fu Xudong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMany sand‐bed rivers worldwide have been experiencing significant reductions in sediment load over the past several decades. This is one of the causes of river delta drowning worldwide. This problem, however, has not been studied in detail in the context of sediment grain sorting. Considering the good performance of the original Engelund‐Hansen relation (OEH) for uniform sediment, and the fact that bulk grain size‐specific relations for bed material load that allow for sorting are relatively rare in the case of sand‐bed rivers, a grain size‐specific Engelund‐Hansen type relation (SEH) is proposed in this study based on data from a large flume. We embed both the OEH and the SEH in a one‐dimensional river morphodynamic model to simulate the morphodynamic evolution of the middle Mississippi River in response to the upstream cutoff of sediment supply. Simulation results using a single characteristic grain size show that bed material load delivered to the delta reduces only gradually in response to the cutoff of sediment supply, in agreement with previous studies. However, implementing the full grain size distribution of sediment leads to a much faster reduction of bed material load delivered to the delta, because the bed surface coarsens in response to grain sorting. This armoring inhibits the bed degradation that would replenish sediment load along the channel. The bed material load of finer sediment declines more rapidly than that of coarser sediment. The results of this study have practical implications for river delta restoration.
A geometry‐based stochastic channel model and its application for intelligent reflecting surface assisted wireless communication
Authors: Dang Jian , Gao Shicheng , Zhu Yongdong , Guo Rongbin , Jiang Hao , Zhang Zaichen , Wu Liang , Zhu Bingcheng , Wang Lei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a new concept originating from metamaterials, which can achieve beamforming through controllable passive reflecting. This device makes it possible to engineer the wireless communication environment, and has drawn increasing attention. However, the associated channel models in current literature are mainly borrowed from conventional wireless channel models directly, omitting the unique features of IRS. In this paper, a geometry‐based stochastic channel model for IRS‐assisted wireless communication system is employed. The model has certain accuracy and low computational complexity. In particular, it captures the correlations of subchannels associated with different IRS elements, which is typically not considered in current works. Based on this channel model and the derived channel spatial correlation functions (CFs), an iterative reflection coefficients configuration method is proposed exploiting statistical channel state information to maximise the ergodic channel capacity. The impacts of the IRS spatial positions as well as the number of the IRS elements on the ergodic channel capacity is investigated through simulations. It is found that to obtain a larger ergodic channel capacity, the IRS should be placed in the vicinity of either the transmitter side or the receiver side, which is a useful guideline for practical deployment.
Adaptive memory‐event‐triggered H∞ control for network‐based T‐S fuzzy systems with asynchronous premise constraints
Authors: Shi Yucheng , Tian Engang , Shen Shibin , Zhao Xia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a novel adaptive memory‐event‐triggered scheme (A‐METS) for network‐based T‐S fuzzy systems with asynchronous premise constraints. Different from the event‐triggered scheme (ETS), the proposed A‐METS has two characters. First, some recent released packets are applied in deciding whether the current packet is supposed to be released. Second, the triggering parameter can adjust itself according to the variation of the state. It should be pointed out that the proposed adaptive memory‐event‐triggered scheme can save network recourses and improve the system performance simultaneously when compared with ETS or adaptive ETS. Furthermore, considering the network environment, the asynchronous premise between the fuzzy plant and controller are considered. By resorting to the Lyapunov functional approach, sufficient conditions are derived for the stability and performance of the network‐based T‐S fuzzy systems. For the sake of illustrating the usefulness of the proposed adaptive memory‐event‐triggered scheme, a tunnel diode circuit example is demonstrated at the end of this paper.
Overexpression of miR-127 Predicts Poor Prognosis and Contributes to the Progression of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Targeting REPIN1
Authors: Sun Yinghe , Sun Wenhai , Hua Hui , Zhang Jianhua , Yu Qianqian , Wang Jueru , Liu Xiaomin , Dong Anbing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a major kind of thyroid cancer with increasing recurrence and metastasis. MiR-127 has been demonstrated to play roles in many cancers with dysregulation. However, the function of miR-127 is still unknown. This study aimed to explore a novel biomarker for the progression and prognosis of PTC. A set of 118 patients with PTC were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-127 in PTC tissues and cells. The association between miR-127 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients were evaluated by the χ2 test, and the prognostic value of miR-127 was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. The effect of miR-127 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC was analyzed by CCK-8 and transwell assay. miR-127 was found to be upregulated in PTC tissues and cells correlated with the TNM stage and poor prognosis of PTC patients. MiR-127 and the TNM stage were considered as two independent prognostic indicators for PTC. Moreover, overexpression of miR-127 significantly enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC by targeting REPIN1. miR-127 may be involved in the progression of PTC, which provides a new therapeutic strategy for PTC.
Integrating Mental Practice into a COVID-19 Appropriate Virtual Reality Cataract Surgery Course for Ophthalmology Residents
Authors: Lin John C. , Paul Alfred A. , Scott Ingrid U. , Greenberg Paul B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo present a revised, publicly available virtual reality cataract surgery course for ophthalmology residents that integrates a novel mental practice program into the curriculum, fulfills the six core competencies of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, and adheres to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention educational recommendations for the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.