bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transfection of glycoprotein encoding mRNA for swift evaluation of N‐glycan engineering strategies
Authors: Bydlinski Nina , Coats Michael T , Maresch Daniel , Strasser Richard , Borth Nicole 
Published: March 2020

AbstractN‐glycosylation is defined as a key quality attribute for the majority of complex biological therapeutics. Despite many N‐glycan engineering efforts, the demand to generate desired N‐glycan profiles that may vary for different proteins in a reproducible manner is still difficult to fulfill in many cases. Stable production of homogenous structures with a more demanding level of processing, for instance high degrees of branching and terminal sialylation, is particularly challenging. Among many other influential factors, the level of productivity can steer N‐glycosylation towards less mature N‐glycan structures. Recently, we introduced an mRNA transfection system capable of elucidating bottlenecks in the secretory pathway by stepwise increase of intracellular model protein mRNA load. Here, this system was applied to evaluate engineering strategies for enhanced N‐glycan processing. The tool proves to indeed be valuable for a quick assessment of engineering approaches on the cellular N‐glycosylation capacity at high productivity. The gene editing approaches tested include overexpression of key Golgi‐resident glycosyltransferases, partially coupled with multiple gene deletions. Changes in galactosylation, sialylation, and branching potential as well as N‐acetyllactosamine formation were evaluated.
Prediction of CO2‐Oil Minimum Miscibility Pressure Using Soft Computing Methods
Authors: Saeedi Dehaghani Amir Hossein , Soleimani Reza 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSearching for computational approaches for determination of the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is highly requested during the miscible gas injection process. New models, namely, the stochastic gradient boosting (SGB) algorithm and two distinct hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) models were used to predict CO2 MMP as a function of reservoir temperature, mole percent of volatile oil components, mole percent of intermediate oil components, molecular weight of pentane‐plus fraction in the oil phase, mole percentage of CO2 in injected gas, volatile components, and intermediate components in the injected gas based on 144 published data points. The SGB model was found to provide the better performance. The reservoir temperature turned out to be the most important factor.
Towards an Improved Design of MRI Contrast Agents: Synthesis and Relaxometric Characterisation of Gd‐HPDO3A Analogues
Authors: Tear Louise R. , Carrera Carla , Gianolio Eliana , Aime Silvio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe properties of LnIII‐HPDO3A complexes as relaxation enhancers and paraCEST agents are essentially related to the hydroxylpropyl moiety. A series of three HPDO3A derivatives, with small modifications to the hydroxyl arm, were herein investigated to understand how heightened control can be gained over the parameters involved in the design of these agents. A full 1H and 17O‐NMR relaxometric analysis was conducted and demonstrated that increasing the length of the OH group from the lanthanide centre significantly enhanced the water exchange rate of the gadolinium complex, but with a subsequent reduction in kinetic stability. Alternatively, the introduction of an additional methyl group, which increased the steric bulk around the OH moiety, resulted in the formation of almost exclusively the TSAP isomer (95 %) as identified by 1H‐NMR of the europium complex. The gadolinium analogue of this complex also exhibited a very fast water exchange rate, but with no detectable loss of kinetic stability. This complex therefore demonstrates a notable improvement over Gd‐HPDO3A.
Solution Combustion Synthesis: Towards a Sustainable Approach for Metal Oxides
Authors: Carlos Emanuel , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , Branquinho Rita 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSolution combustion synthesis (SCS) has been widely used to produce simple and complex oxides with a desired morphology (size and shape). SCS is valuable due to low cost, simplicity and energy efficient synthesis. To guarantee the best molecular‐level mixing of reactants in an aqueous or solvent‐based solution some parameters need to be controlled, such as fuel type, metal cations precursors, stoichiometry ratio (φ), pH effect, atmosphere and initiation type. These determine the final properties of the oxide materials, providing the potential to reach different morphologies, which are essential for their final applications. This Review article focuses on the crucial parameters in SCS and how these affect the overall materials properties from nanostructures to thin films. To finalize, special attention is given to the application of SCS to form metal oxide thin films at low temperature and their application in thin film transistors (TFTs).
Colloidal Second Near‐Infrared‐Emitting Mn‐Doped Ag2S Quantum Dots
Authors: Jeong Sanghwa , Doh Hyunmi , Kim Sungjee 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncorporation of transition metal dopants within a semiconductor nanocrystal has a tremendous effect on the optical and magnetic properties of the semiconductor nanocrystals. Herein, we report on a novel synthesis of second near‐infrared‐emitting photoluminescent Mn2+‐doped Ag2S quantum dots via co‐pyrolysis of silver and manganese single‐source precursors. The Mn2+ doping level was flexibly tuned in Ag2S quantum dots, which was confirmed by elemental analysis and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Mn2+ doping induced negligible change in the pristine monoclinic acanthite Ag2S crystal structure but significantly decreased the photoluminescent intensity. Mn2+‐doped Ag2S QDs exhibit second near‐infrared emission and ferromagnetic ordering, which show the potential applicability for multimodal fluorescence/MRI probes.
Imprinting Pentaphyrin on Conductive Electropolymerized Dipyrromethane Films: A New Strategy towards the Synthesis of Photokilling Materials
Authors: Comuzzi Clara , Fiorot Andrea , Baggio Anna , Maifreni Michela , Strazzolini Paolo , Marino Marilena , Susmel Sabina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report herein the synthesis and photoinduced bactericidal activity of two new polymeric materials, obtained by imprinting the photosensitizer 20‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐2,13‐dimethyl‐3,12‐diethyl‐[22]pentaphyrin (PCox, 1) into suitable electropolymerized dipyrromethane films. 5‐Phenyl‐dipyrromethane (5‐ph‐DP) and 5‐(4‐pyridyl)dipyrromethane (5‐py‐DP) have been selected as the monomers for the synthesis of the materials in order to assess the correlation between the substituent in C5 and the capability in Pcox uptake. Both films have been tested in their photokilling ability toward Staphylococcus aureus by using a multi‐LED blue lamp at a fluence rate of 40 W/m2. Poly‐5‐py‐DP/PCox, with a PCox load of 10−8 mol/cm2, achieved a 4‐log reduction in microbial viability after 60 min of irradiation. The polymeric films proved to be stable over time and under oxidation conditions; in addition, no loss of photosensitizer was observed during the experiments, thus demonstrating that the bactericidal action was effectively brought by the ROS generated by PCox immobilized in the material. After use, the films were recharged with PCox, with almost complete recovery of their photodynamic efficiency.
Impact of positive and negative corporate social responsibility on automotive firms' financial performance: A market‐based asset perspective
Authors: Lin Woon Leong , Ho Jo Ann , Lee Chin , Ng Siew Imm 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevailing studies on the economic implication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) for businesses has mainly stressed on the positive facet of corporate social responsibility (PCSR), failing to comprehend that firms also espouse behaviors and initiatives which can be characterized as negative corporate social responsibility (NCSR). Additionally, limited researches have considered how both PCSR and NCSR influence corporate financial performance (CFP). In consideration of this view, we present a framework that connects both PCSR as well as NCSR to CFP. We also analyzed the moderating role of the firm's market‐based asset. Using 924 observations from 2011 to 2017 and a combined secondary data of 132 global automotive firms from CSRHub and Thomson Reuters Datastream, we examined how increases in either PCSR or NCSR relate to CFP via dynamic panel data system Generalise Moment of Method estimates. Our results demonstrate that PCSR improves CFP while and NCSR is detrimental to a firm's financial performance. Correspondingly, the results indicate that market‐based asset moderates the relationship between PCSR and NCSR. Firms that possess higher market‐based assets tend to enjoy higher profitability with PCSR as they are in a better position. However, it has been observed that market‐based assets tend to weaken the relationship between CFP and NCSR.
Hydro(deoxygenation) Reaction Network of Lignocellulosic Oxygenates
Authors: Dutta Saikat 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a key transformation step to convert lignocellulosic oxygenates into drop‐in and functional high‐value hydrocarbons through controlled oxygen removal. Nevertheless, the mechanistic insights of HDO chemistry have been scarcely investigated as opposed to a significant extent of hydrodesulfurization chemistry. Current requirements emphasize certain underexplored events of HDO of oxygenates, which include 1) interactions of oxygenates of varied molecular size with active sites of the catalysts, 2) determining the conformation of oxygenates on the active site at the point of interaction, and 3) effects of oxygen contents of oxygenates on the reaction rate of HDO. It is realized that the molecular interactions of oxygenates with the surface of the catalyst dominates the degree and nature of deoxygenation to derive products with desired selectivity by overcoming complex separation processes in a biorefinery. Those oxygenates with high carbon numbers (>C10), multiple furan rings, and branched architectures are even more complex to understand. This article aims to focus on concise mechanistic analysis of biorefinery oxygenates (C10–35) for their deoxygenation processes, with a special emphasis on their interactions with active sites in a complex chemical environment. This article also addresses differentiation of the mode of interactions based on the molecular size of oxygenates. Deoxygenation processes coupled with or without ring opening of furan‐based oxygenates and site–substrate cooperativity dictate the formation of diverse value‐added products. Oxygen removal has been the key step for microbial deoxygenation by the use of oxygen‐removing decarbonylase enzymes. However, challenges to obtain branched and long‐chain hydrocarbons remain, which require special attention, including the invention of newer techniques to upgrade the process for combined depolymerization–HDO from real biomass.
Root vertical distributions of two Artemisia species and their relationships with soil resources in the Hunshandake desert, China
Authors: Gao Xiuli , Liu Xiaoqiang , Ma Linna , Wang Renzhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Plant root variations and their relations with soil moisture and nutrient supply have been well documented for many species, while effects of drought, combined with extreme poor soil nutrients, on plant roots remain unclear.

Herein, we addressed root vertical distributions of two typical xerophyte semishrub species, Artemisia sphaerocephala and A. intramongolica, and their relations with soil moisture, total soil nitrogen and carbon contents in arid Hunshandake desert, China. The two species experienced similar light regimes and precipitation, but differed in soil moisture and soil nutrients.

Root vertical distribution patterns (e.g., coarse root diameter, root depth and root biomass) differed considerable for the two species due to high heterogeneity of soil environments. Coarse and fine root biomasses for A. intramongolica, distributed in relatively moist fixed dunes, mainly focused on surface layers (94%); but those for A. sphaerocephala dropped gradually from the surface to 140 cm depth. Relations between root traits (e.g., diameter, root biomass) and soil moisture were positive for A. intramongolica, but those for A. sphaerocephala were negative.

In general, the root traits for both species positively correlated with total soil nitrogen and carbon contents. These findings suggest that both soil moisture and poor soil nutrients were the limiting resources for growth and settlement of these two species.
Environmental forcing and predator consumption outweigh the nonconsumptive effects of multiple predators on oyster reefs
Authors: Kimbro David L. , Tillotson Hanna G. , White J. Wilson 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe ability to predict how predators structure ecosystems has been shown to depend on identifying both consumptive effects (CEs) and nonconsumptive effects (NCEs) of predators on prey fitness. Prey populations may also be affected by interactions between multiple predators across life stages of the prey and by environmental factors such as disturbance. However, the intersection of these multiple drivers of prey dynamics has yet to be empirically evaluated. We addressed this knowledge gap using eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), a species known to suffer NCEs, as the focal prey. Over 4 months, we manipulated orthogonally the life stage (none, juvenile, adult, or both) at which oysters experienced simulated predation (CE) and exposure to olfactory cues of a juvenile oyster predator (crab), adult predator (conch), sequentially the crab and then the conch, or none. We replicated this experiment at three sites along an environmental gradient in a Florida (USA) estuary. For both juvenile and adult oysters, survival was reduced solely by CEs, and variation in growth was best explained by among‐site variation in water flow, with a much smaller and negative effect of predator cue. Adults exposed to conch cue exhibited reduced growth (an NCE), but this effect was outweighed by a positive CE on growth: Surviving oysters grew faster at lower densities. Finally, conch cue reduced larval settlement (another NCE), but this was swamped by among‐site variation in larval supply. This research highlights how strong environmental gradients and predator CEs may outweigh the influence of NCEs, even in prey known to respond to predator cues. These findings serve as a cautionary tale for the importance of evaluating NCE processes over temporal scales and across environmental gradients relevant to prey demography.
Synthesis of Zinc Tetraaminophthalocyanine Functionalized Graphene Nanosheets as an Enhanced Material for Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Uric Acid
Authors: Shi Yan‐mei , Mei Lin , Zhang Jun‐xia , Hu Kai , Zhang Xi , Li Zhu‐zhu , Miao Ming‐san , Li Xiu‐min 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA new electrochemical sensor material has been fabricated via the non‐covalent functionalization of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and soluble tetramino zincphthalocyanines (ZnPc‐NH2). Immobilization of uricase onto the synthesized nanohybrids can evidently improve the electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. The obtained composite membrane possesses a great enhancement of electron transfer rate and excellent synergistic electrocatalytic effect toward uric acid (UA) oxidation under the working potential at 0.620 V vs. Ag/AgCl with a scan rate of 0.125 V/s. The effects of the experimental parameters on the electrochemical oxidation responses of UA were investigated and optimized in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the peak currents were proportional to the UA concentration in a range from 0.5 to 100 μmol/L with detection limit of 0.15 μmol/L. Moreover, the developed sensor was applied for UA determination in human urine samples with high accuracy and satisfactory recovery, which is envisioned to have promising applications in monitoring UA in clinical research.
A new competitive multiverse optimization technique for solving single‐objective and multiobjective problems
Authors: Benmessahel Ilyas , Xie Kun , Chellal Mouna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe development of useful algorithms for solving global optimization problems has recently drawing the research community's attention. A number of optimization algorithms have been suggested, which mimic a particular biological process or imitate natural evolution. In this work, a novel population‐based optimization technique is proposed, the so‐called competitive multiverse optimizer (CMVO) for solving global optimization problems. This novel method is fundamentally inspired by the multiverse optimizer algorithm (MVO) but with a different framework. Our basic idea is to inject a pairwise competition
mechanism between universes and adopts a novel update strategy that make universes learn from the winner. In CMVO, the mechanism of updating universes is not confined to the optimal universe but rather uses a bicompetitive scheme at each generation in which the universe that loses the competition learns from the winner, unlike in MVO in which all universes learn from the optimal universe. The main idea of this work is to raise the exploration rate for the search space by performing pairwise competition and improve the exploitation ability through learning from the winner. This work also presents a multi‐objective version of CMVO called MOCMVO with a simple structure to show the rapid convergence toward the Pareto front. The performance of our proposed method in single‐objective optimization is demonstrated on a large number of mathematical problems of standard benchmark. The results obtained confirm the superior overall performance of CMVO in terms of the quality of obtained solutions, computational efficiency, and convergence speed relative to many of the state‐of‐the‐art metaheuristic algorithms. In multiobjective optimization, the proposed MOCMVO is evaluated and compared to other multiobjective algorithms using 10 multiobjective benchmarks involving five unconstrained, three constrained, and two engineering design problems. The experimental results of the proposed method in multiobjective optimization demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed method in term of quantitative and qualitative measures.
A review of the Swedish fire safety regulation: From the industry's perspective
Authors: Mossberg Axel , McNamee Robert , Nyman Hans , Olander Martin 
Published: March 2020

SummaryAs in many countries, the Swedish building regulation is constantly updated. In most cases, these updates are small and do not affect the overall structure of the building code. However, from time to time, larger changes are made and the framework of how to use the code is changed. The latest of these major changes was made in 2011 and the code is since then a mix of performance‐based and prescriptive requirements. During 2016, a study was initiated with the purpose to get the Swedish fire safety industry's perspective on the current structure of the Swedish building code and how the code should be developed in the future. This study concludes that there are substantial differences within the fire safety industry on the view of the building code. Both on the state of the current code and on how the code should develop in the future. However, in some points, the majority of the participants agree, for example, most participants think that the control system for ensuring fire safety should be expanded, both in the design and in the construction phase.
Effect of different cooking methods on sensory quality assessment and in vitro digestibility of sturgeon steak
Authors: Feng Qiufeng , Jiang Suisui , Feng Xiao , Zhou Xiaodong , Wang Haiyan , Li Yujin , Wang Jinmei , Tang Shuwei , Chen Yiping , Zhao Yuanhui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSous vide can keep the nutritional properties and improve taste of food compared with other conventional methods. In addition, this method may reduce the risk of recontamination after cooking and during storage. The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of four cooking methods (steaming, microwaving, baking, and frying) on the sensory and digestibility on sturgeon steak pretreated by sous vide during the cold storage (0–25 days). The results showed that the digestibility of steaming and microwaving groups (range from 80.34% to 90.12%) significantly higher than that of the other treatment groups (p < .05); however, the overall acceptability of the two groups was lower. What more, the frying group has the highest acceptability and the lowest digestibility (range from 65.12% to 70.89%). The springiness (4.12–6.56 mm) and chewiness (1.75–3.12 mm) of the frying group were significantly higher than those of the other treatment groups, which was consistent with the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that frying treatment group has a denser structure and smaller pores. With the prolonged refrigeration time, especially between 15 and 25 days, the volatile flavor components (nitrogen oxide, methane, and alcohol) and stagnant water (T21) were significantly decreased. Principal component analysis showed that the moisture content was the main factor affecting the overall acceptability and best consumption time of the sturgeon was within 15 days. Simulating the effects of home cooking conditions and refrigeration storage time on the quality of sturgeon steak provided a reference for consumers using similar products.
Intelligent modeling of rheological and thermophysical properties of nanoencapsulated PCM slurry
Authors: Hashemi Jirandeh Mohhammad Reza , Mohammadiun Mohammad , Mohammadiun Hamid , Dubaie Mohammad Hosein , Sadi Meisam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNanoencapsulated phase change material slurries (NPCMS) combine properties of carried fluid and phase change material (PCM). Usage of NPCMS instead of water as a working fluid has a lot of advantages in many industrial fields. The costly and time‐consuming determination of thermophysical properties of NPCMS through the experimental analysis led the current investigations to use soft computing methods like correlating, artificial neural network (ANN), and ant colony optimization (ACOR). In this study, the application of ANN, empirical correlations, and ACOR for modeling the thermophysical properties of NPCM slurry, which has been synthesized through a facile and eco‐friendly procedure, has been investigated. PCM nanocapsules have been synthesized using a miniemulsion polymerization method. Nancapsules consist of AP‐25 as core and a Styrene shell, which is modified with graphene oxide nanosheets as an extra protective screen. The morphology and thermal properties of nanocapsules were characterized and analyzed, respectively. Results revealed that minimum average particle‐size values result in a melting latent heat of 146.8 J/g. In case of NPCM slurry, the results showed that the thermal conductivity of MPCS decreased with particle concentration for the temperatures below the melting point. The NPCMS can be considered a Newtonian fluid within the test region (shear rate > 200/seconds and mass fraction < 0.25). The ANN‐ACOR model consists of two neurons in the input layer, six neurons in the hidden layer, and two neurons in the output layer. The input layer consists of two nodes (PCM concentration and temperature) that correspond to parameters found essential and sufficient for thermophysical properties prediction. Upon comparison, the results show that the presented model, which is a combination of the ACOR algorithm and an artificial neural network, is compatible with experimental work.