bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Social Motivators Improve Handwashing Behavior among Children? Evidence from a Cluster Randomized Trial of a School Hygiene Intervention in the Philippines
Authors: Jetha Qayam , Bisserbe Clément , McManus Jeffery , Waldroop Daniel , Naliponguit Ella Cecilia , Villasenor Jon Michael , Maule Louise , Lehmann Lilian 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThis study reports the impact of the HiFive program, a 6-week handwashing campaign that targets social and emotional motivators to improve student handwashing in primary schools in the Philippines. We designed a clustered randomized trial to evaluate the impact of HiFive on student handwashing behavior, motivation, and access. Of the sample of 196 primary schools located in two districts, half were randomly assigned to receive the program in the 2017–2018 school year. Survey and observation data were collected 3 months after the conclusion of the campaign. In control schools, only 2.5% of students were observed washing their hands with soap and water, our primary outcome and 14.8% were observed washing their hands with at least water. HiFive led to a 3.7 percentage point (p.p.) increase (P < 0.01) in the rate of handwashing with soap and water and a 5.6 p.p. increase (P = 0.03) in handwashing with at least water after toilet use. HiFive also led to a 10.8 p.p. (P < 0.01) increase in the number of handwashing facilities stocked with soap. The program had limited impact on the motivators targeted by the program, suggesting that the small improvements in handwashing may have been driven by increases in the availability of soap. More research is needed to understand how interventions can effectively trigger social motivators to improve handwashing behavior among schoolchildren, and whether the effectiveness of these programs can be augmented with “nudge”-based interventions from the behavioral sciences.
Lassa Fever: An Evolving Emergency in West Africa
Authors: Balogun Oluwafemi O. , Akande Oluwatosin W. , Hamer Davidson H. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTLassa fever remains endemic in parts of West Africa and continues to pose as a quiescent threat globally. We described the background on Lassa fever, factors contributing to its emergence and spread, preventive measures, and potential solutions. This review provides a holistic and comprehensive source for academicians, clinicians, researchers, policymakers, infectious disease epidemiologists, virologists, and other stakeholders.
A Cross-Sectional Study on University Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward COVID-19 in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hasan Hayder , Raigangar Veena , Osaili Tareq , Neinavaei Noorieh E. , Olaimat Amin N. , Aolymat Iman 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThe unprecedented coronavirus pandemic is hitting the whole world, including the United Arab Emirates. Public awareness and adherence to the recommendations play a major role in managing a crisis of this magnitude which is largely affected by knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Hence, the aim of this study was to assess COVID-19–related KAP of the University of Sharjah (UOS) students and compare between health-related (HR) and non-HR (NHR) majors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020 in which 1,012 (481 health-related and 531 NHR) students participated via an online KAP questionnaire. The students’ sociodemographic characteristics and sources of information were also recorded, and data were analyzed. Students were aged 20–25 years, with an overall knowledge score of 72.4%, and the main source of their information was the Internet and social media (85.2%). Those in HR majors had a higher knowledge score (76%) than those in NHR students (69%). Regarding attitudes, both HR and NHR students demonstrated comparable and positive attitudes to curb the spread. With respect to practices, more NHR students used masks (92.3%), almost all the time than HR students (88.4%). HR students (99.4%) avoided crowded places and practiced social distancing more than NHR students (99.4% versus 97.4% and 97.7% versus 93.2%, respectively). In conclusion, UOS students demonstrated adequate knowledge, and possessed good attitudes and low-risk practices toward prevention of COVID-19. It is recommended that universities including UOS continue to use digital university communication platforms to regularly disseminate vital information in such emergencies.
Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Infections versus Tuberculosis among Autopsied HIV Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chiang Cho-Han , Tang Pui-Un , Lee Gin Hoong , Chiang Ting-Hui , Chiang Cho-Hung , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Fang Chi-Tai 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTIn industrialized countries, Mycobacterium avium complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are major causes of opportunistic infection–related deaths in HIV patients. However, in resource-limited regions, data on NTM are scarce, and tuberculosis (TB) was often assumed to be the cause of death in HIV patients with a positive acid-fast smear. We searched MEDLINE and Embase databases for studies on autopsied HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa published between January 1997 and April 2020. We included studies that reported histopathological or microbiological evidences for diagnosis of TB and NTM infection. We excluded articles without mycobacterial evidence from culture or molecular testing, such as those that used verbal autopsy, death certificates, or national registry data (systematic review registration number: CRD42019129836 at PROSPERO). We included six eligible studies that reported 391 autopsies in sub-Saharan African HIV patients. The prevalence of NTM and TB at autopsy ranged from 1.3% to 27.3% and 11.8% to 48.7%, respectively. The weighted prevalence ratio of NTM versus TB was 0.16 indicating that for every seven HIV patients died with mycobacterial infections, there was one died with NTM infection. Of the 13 NTM infections, six were caused by M. avium complex. Mycobacterium avium complex and other NTM infections are important differential diagnoses of TB at the time of death among HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings highlight the need to systematically survey the prevalence of NTM infections among HIV patients seeking medical care in resource-limited regions.
Comparison of maternal morbidity in Emergency and Elective Cesarean Section
Authors: Erdem Selami , Ege Serhat , Bagli İhsan 
Published: November 2020

Objective: We aimed to compare emergency and elective cesarean patients in our hospital in terms of epidemiological features and maternal morbidity.
Material and Methods: We randomly retrospectively reviewed the records of 302 caesarean cases. Demographic features and indications for emergency (group 1) and elective caesarean section (C/S) (group 2) were recorded. The groups were compared in terms of indications and intraoperative and postoperative morbidity.
Results: It was found that the mean hematocrit decrease in group 1 was not different from group 2 (5.70 ± 1.16 and 5.62 ± 0.67). When the groups are examined according to cesarean indications; In group 1 patients, fetal distress, cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), non-progress of labor, abruptio placentae were significantly higher compared to group 2, whereas in group 2 patients the previous 1 C / S and previous 2 C / S indications were significantly higher. Intraoperative hemorrhage and bladder injury were more common in group 1 patients compared to group 2 patients. When the groups are examined according to postoperative maternal complications; In group 1 patients, transfusion, prolonged bladder catheterization, admission to intensive care unite (ICU), was significantly higher compared to group 2.
Conclusion: It was found that many intraoperative and postoperative complications were more common in the emergency C/S group. it was also detected that all cases with bladder injuries had previous cesarean sections. Therefore, the presence of experienced personnel in these cases may be important for reducing morbidity due to the increased risk of complications.
Características do Flushing com solução fisiológica 0.9% para prevenção de obstrução de cateter venoso central: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Braga Luciene , Salgueiro-Oliveira Anabela de Sousa , Costa Paulo Jorge dos Santos , Melo Michele Nakahara , Carvalho Cíntia Alcântara , Parreira Pedro Miguel dos Santos Dinis 
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A obstrução do cateter venoso central é uma complicação com impacte na segurança do doente, pois interrompe ou atrasa a administração da terapêutica endovenosa e requer a remoção do cateter obstruído e inserção de outro, aumentando os riscos associados à inserção de um cateter venoso central, com consequente aumento nos custos. Para prevenção da obstrução é recomendado realizar a técnica de flushing com solução fisiológica 0.9%, todavia há importantes questões sobre a natureza da evidência sobre o flushing que necessitam serem respondidas para subsidiar as práticas de enfermagem. Objetivo: Mapear as características do flushing (técnica, volume, capacidade da seringa e frequência) com solução fisiológica 0.9% para manter a permeabilidade do cateter venoso central e prevenir a obstrução. Material e Métodos: Scoping review seguindo a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute. A pesquisa incluirá publicações em português, inglês, espanhol, francês e italiano em bases de dados eletrônicas (JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Medline, SciELO, LILACS e CINAHL). A pesquisa de estudos não publicados incluirá o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal e o Banco de teses da CAPES. A análise de relevância dos artigos, a extração e síntese dos dados será desenvolvida por dois revisores independentes. Conclusões: Espera-se que a scoping review sintetize o conhecimento sobre as características do flushing e subsidie as práticas de enfermagem para prevenção da obstrução no cateter venoso central, dado o potencial impacte dessa complicação na segurança do doente.
Intermedial Performativity: Mo Yan's Red Sorghum on Page, Screen, and In-Between
Authors: He Chengzhou 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Intermedial performativity refers to what happens to the performative power of text when it travels from one medium to another, and what effects the mixing or interactions of different media bring about to the texts involved. Here, “text” is used broadly, not just literary texts, but also texts in other kinds of media forms, such as film and TV. In this paper, Red Sorghum, both a novel written by Mo Yan, a Chinese Nobel Laureate, and a namesake film directed by Zhang Yimou, one of the leading Chinese fifth-generation film directors, will be closely analyzed from the perspective of intermedial performativity. The following questions will be mainly addressed: How did the ritualistic acts or signs in the novel get transmitted and transformed in the film adaptation? What kind of visual elements did the film borrow from the novel and then appropriate to achieve great effects? In what ways did Red Sorghum on both page and screen reflect or even contribute to the counterculture movements in the mid- to late 1980s China, which is in many ways similar to the 1960s in the United States and Europe in terms of cultural radicalism?
Kuambü: poética e política em uma festa xinguana
Authors: Guerreiro Antonio , Pereira Novo Marina 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir algumas relações entre poética e política no Alto Xingu, a partir da análise de canções do ritual kuambüentre os Kalapalo (falantes de língua karib daquela região). Por meio da repetição de canções compostas por outros ou de improvisos, o kuambüé um contexto marcado pela expressão musical pública de conflitos, medos, acusações, demandas ou reflexões sobre problemas cotidianos. Este trabalho analisa um fragmento deste repertório, buscando evidenciar algumas das características dos cantos, e compreender as relações entre as composições e as situações que lhes deram origem. Pretende-se demonstrar como este ritual, com seu tom ao mesmo tempo grave e jocoso, constitui um momento em que fraturas micropolíticas do cotidiano podem ser expostas e negociadas por meio de uma linguagem poética, revelando uma face geralmente oculta da socialidade do grupo local e criando condições para sua reinvenção.
Comparison of different standardised bond strength tests and the influence of glycine powder treatment in composite resin repairs
Authors: Herrmann Gregor , Reimann Susanne , Daratsianos Nikolaos , Weber Anna , Keilig Ludger , Nadal Jennifer , Bourauel Christoph 
Published: November 2020

Aim: The repair of restorations is an eligible method to extend the survival rates of intraoral restorations. There is a consensus that the old surface has to be removed before repair by the use of a sandblaster or rotating instruments. This study aimed to investigate whether a glycine powder can be used successfully in composite repair by measurement of shear and tensile bond strength according to dental standards.
Methodology: The influence of mechanical preparation by no powder, 25 µm glycine powder or 50 µm aluminium-oxide powder and chemical conditioning by the use of bonding, phosphoric acid and bonding or bonding, phosphoric acid and a silane on the repair bond strength of an artificially aged nano-hybrid composite was tested according to the guidelines of DIN 13990 (2017), ISO 29022 (2013) and ISO/TS 11405 (2015). The fracture modes were evaluated by adhesive, cohesive or mixed failures.
Results: There was no significant difference in the performance of the different mechanical and chemical treatments. The shear bond test according to DIN 13990 (2017) produces higher repair bond strengths (26.0±8.9 MPa) than the test described in ISO 29022 (17.9±6.3 MPa). The tensile bond strength according to ISO/TS 11405 (6.9±1.8 MPa) was the lowest. Most adhesive failures occurred with the shear test according to ISO 29022 (41%), followed by DIN 13990 (18%) and the tensile test (4%).
Conclusion: For evaluating the bond strength of composites the test described in ISO 29022 is recommended, because it produces the highest percentage of adhesive failures. Nano-hybrid-composites are robust to different repair protocols.

How to cite this article:
Herrmann GP, Reimann S, Daratsianos N, Weber A, Keilig L, Nadal J, Bourauel C. Comparison of different standardized bond strength tests and the influence of glycine powder treatment in composite resin repairs. Int Dent Res 2020;10(1):36-43. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no2.2

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
The validity of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in epidemiological studies of periodontal diseases
Authors: Tanık Abdulsamet , Gül Mehmet 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of partial CPITN (PCPITN) and full-mouth CPITN (FCPITN) indexes from CPITN index versions used in the diagnosis of periodontal disease.
Method: The study included 1,000 patients over the age of 20. The clinical attachment loss examination and clinically assisted full-mouth periodontal examination (gold standard) including the depth of the periodontal pocket on probing and dental stones were performed. PCPITN and FCPITN index versions were compared with the gold standard oral examination. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic estimation tables were statistically created from the obtained data.
Results: For Gingivitis, the sensitivity of the PCPITN index was found to be 68.88%, specificity was 85.94% and the field value under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.6893. For periodontitis, FCPITN index sensitivity was 89.28%, specificity was 96.56% and field value under the ROC curve was 0.931.
Conclusion: Although FCPITN and PCPITN indexes have a near moderate value in the diagnosis of gingivitis, they were found to be more effective in the diagnosis of periodontitis. We think that the FCPITN index is particularly effective in the diagnosis of periodontitis.

How to cite this article:
Tanık A, Gül M. The validity of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in Epidemiological Studies of Periodontal Diseases. Int Dent Res 2020;10(2):44-48. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no2.3

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
O Olhar Político para o Futebol em seu Período de Profissionalização: Um Estudo Comparado dos Casos do Brasil (1933-1941) e da Colômbia (1948-1954)
Authors: Gomes Eduardo De Souza 
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo a investigação dos processos de profissionalização do futebol ocorridos no Brasil (1933-1941) e na Colômbia (1948-1954), assim como seus efeitos políticos e sociais em cada caso. Tendo em vista que esses processos ocorreram em importantes momentos políticos, tanto no Brasil quanto na Colômbia, entender os usos do futebol e do esporte pelos governos do período é um fértil caminho para se compreender os países que aqui são estudados. Assim, buscaremos demonstrar que as relações entre esporte e política nos períodos analisados, foram fundamentais no processo de popularização do futebol nos dois países, de forma que o consolidasse como sinônimo de identidade para brasileiros e colombianos.
A Prática da Governança Corporativa e sua Influência para os Stakeholders Envolvidos no Desenvolvimento de um Projeto Esportivo do SESI-SP
Authors: Varotti Felipe De Pilla , Malaia João Manuel 
Published: November 2020

O SESI-SP, entidade sem fins lucrativos, firmou parceria com o British Council e Premiership Rugby para desenvolver o projeto esportivo TRY Rugby-SP. Essas entidades internacionais, impulsionadas pelo cenário favorável ao crescimento do rúgbi no Brasil, procuravam uma organização esportiva que possuísse uma estrutura de gestão semelhante a que utilizam. Visualizaram no SESI-SP os princípios de Governança Corporativa. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, utilizando-se de um estudo de caso, analisamos como a Transparência, Equidade, Prestação de Contas e Responsabilidade Corporativa, ou seja, boas práticas de Governança Corporativa, foram utilizadas para desenvolvimento do projeto esportivo TRY Rugby-SP. Verificamos também como a Governança Corporativa influenciou os principais stakeholders - British Council e Premiership Rugby - e os motivos que os levaram a ter credibilidade no SESI-SP para que aportassem recursos neste projeto. Os dados foram coletados utilizando a triangulação com as seguintes ferramentas: Observação e participação direta de um dos pesquisadores, Análise de Documentos e Entrevistas. Os sujeitos deste estudo foram os stakeholders principais envolvidos, somente aqueles que aportaram recursos financeiros para a execução do projeto. O sistema de gestão e as boas práticas de Governança Corporativa do SESI-SP foram fundamentais para atrair o interesse de stakeholders. Assim, contribuímos para que organizações esportivas compreendam e passem a adotar as boas práticas da Governança Corporativa, valorizando a sua imagem institucional perante os seus possíveis stakeholders e atraindo maiores investimentos para execução de seus projetos.
Relações entre Dimensões da Experiência, Satisfação, Recomendação e Intenção de Retornar: a Percepção de Participantes de Evento Cultural Resumo
Authors: LoBuono Raquel , Gosling Marlusa De Sevilha , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto , Medeiros Sandro Alves 
Published: November 2020

A experiência de consumo ganhou importância na área de marketing nas últimas décadas. No entanto, a mensuração dessa dimensão ainda é recente e restrita em relação a sua aplicabilidade. Diversos autores elaboraram escalas que medem a experiência de consumo no contexto das marcas, eventos esportivos e eventos turísticos. Os eventos podem ser utilizados como meio de promoção das experiências porque os consumidores têm a chance de se envolver em atividades que não são possíveis nas suas vidas diárias. O evento objeto de estudo do presente trabalho é a Virada Cultural 2014 de Belo Horizonte, evento cultural realizado pela segunda vez consecutiva na capital mineira durante um final de semana. O estudo buscou compreender as experiências dos participantes da Virada Cultural a partir de uma escala de experiência memorável turística elaborada e testada em outro trabalho. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo com uma abordagem quantitativa por meio a aplicação de um survey durante o evento. Os principais resultados foram (1) a dimensão hedonismo foi a mais impactante para Experiência Memorável e a Cultura Local como a menos impactante; (2) a relação positiva e significante entre Experiência Memorável e satisfação e (3) a relação positiva e significante entre Satisfação e Intenção de Retorno nas próximas edições e a Recomendação boca a boca para pessoas próximas.
Palha de arroz carbonizada e caule decomposto de babaçu na produção de girassol dobrado ‘Anão Sungold Amarelo’
Authors: Moraes Lídia Ferreira , Pereira Ramón Yuri Ferreira , Barroso Vanessa Brito , Pachêco Maurivan Barbosa , Moura Monik Silva de , Oliveira Neto Edson Dias de , Sousa Alex Eduardo da Silva , Leite Marcos Renan Lima , Freitas Júnior Francisco Gilvan Borges Ferreira , Matos Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva 
Published: November 2020

O girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) é uma oleaginosa que se caracteriza por sua adaptabilidade às diferentes condições edafoclimáticas e sua versatilidade, com aproveitamento ornamental, na alimentação animal, produção de óleo para consumo humano e produção de biodiesel. Dentre os substratos alternativos, a palha de arroz carbonizada (PAC) vem sendo intensamente utilizada nos últimos anos para produção de mudas, outra matéria-prima com potencial para composição de substratos é o caule decomposto da palmeira de babaçu (CDB). Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes proporções de caule decomposto de babaçu e palha de arroz no desenvolvimento do girassol. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação no Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), no município de Chapadinha-MA. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos (T) e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes formulações de substrato com 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% e 100% de PAC acrescidos de CDB. Foram quantificadas as seguintes variáveis: emergência de plântulas; número de folhas; altura de planta; diâmetro do caule; comprimento do sistema radicular; volume radicular; massa seca do sistema radicular; massa seca da parte aérea; massa fresca do sistema radicular; massa fresca da parte aérea e estabilidade do torrão. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste “F”, e os T comparados entre si pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade através do programa computacional Assistat®. Conclui-se que o T1 com 100% de PAC acrescido de 0% de CDB exerce influência positiva no desenvolvimento de plantas de girassol ornamental.