bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of natural formulations in bovine mastitis pathology: alternative solution to antibiotic treatment
Authors: Pașca Claudia , Mărghitaș Liviu Alexandru , Dezmirean Daniel Severus , Matei Ioana Adriana , Bonta Victorița , Pașca Ioan , Chirilă Flore , Cîmpean Adrian , Iosif Fiț Nicodim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the udder that causes important economic losses in the animal breeding and dairy product industries. Nowadays, the conventional livestock antibiotic treatments are slowly being replaced by alternative treatments. In this context, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of natural products in alternative treatment of bovine mastitis.

Material and Methods
Two natural formulations with previously suggested in vitro antimicrobial effect were tested in vivo on mastitic cows. Animals with a positive diagnosis for mastitis (n = 20) were divided into three treatment groups: two groups (n = 8) were administered formulations of propolis, alcoholic extracts of Brewers Gold and Perle hops, plum lichen, common mallow, marigold, absinthe wormwood, black poplar buds, lemon balm, and essential oils of oregano, lavender, and rosemary designated R4 and R7 (differing only in the latter being more concentrated) and one group (n = 4) a conventional antibiotic mixture. In vivo efficacy of treatments was evaluated by somatic cell and standard plate counts, the treatment being considered efficacious when both parameters were under the maximum limit.

Results
R7 was effective in the most cases, being therapeutically bactericidal in six out of eight cows, while R4 gave good results in three out of eight cows, and conventional antibiotics cured one out of four.

Conclusion
These results suggest the possible therapeutic potential of these natural products in bovine mastitis.
Comparison of a barium chloride test with ELISA for pregnancy detection in cows
Authors: Dana Omer Ismaeel , Ghaidan Mnnat Talib , Mukhtar Rafiq Hamakarim , Dyary Hiewa Othman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Early detection of pregnancy is vital for appropriate reproductive management programmes to facilitate the rapid re-insemination of non-pregnant females and reduce the calving interval.

Material and Methods
A barium chloride test was compared with a commercial progesterone ELISA to detect pregnancy in non-descriptive cows and investigate if it could be applied as an alternative to ELISA in the field. Blood and urine samples were collected from 74 cows with recorded insemination dates. The progesterone ELISA and barium chloride assay were implemented to detect progesterone (P4) in blood and urine specimens, respectively. The cows' reproductive systems were examined after they were slaughtered to determine the uterus's status. Macroscopic examination of the uterus was used as a reference standard for both tests.

Results
The sensitivity rates of the P4 ELISA and barium chloride test to detect pregnant cows were 100.0% and 79.4%, and to detect the corpus luteum (CL) were 83.0% and 87.0%, respectively, their sensitivity increasing in the presence of the CL. The ELISA and barium chloride tests were 79.7% and 52.7% accurate in the diagnosis of pregnancy. The accuracy of the barium chloride test in CL detection increased to 81.0%, and that of the ELISA to 86.4%. There were no significant differences (P = 0.052) between the barium chloride assay and ELISA when they were utilised for the identification of the CL.

Conclusion
The barium chloride test can be an inexpensive and time-saving alternative to ELISA in pregnancy diagnosis when the insemination date is known.
Factors contributing to municipal splits in Slovenia
Authors: Brajnik Irena Bačlija , Lavtar Roman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Slovenian communities were eager to re-establish autonomous local governments after the introduction of democracy. These newly established municipalities corresponded territorially to the previous regime’s local communities; however, only 194 municipalities were formed from over 1,200 communities. Some municipalities comprised a cluster of communities, some of which later became proponents of splits, due to the sense that they were being neglected by the rest of the municipality and in the hope of receiving more funds as separate municipalities. Although stricter criteria for establishing municipalities were imposed and the scope of formal initiators was narrowed to limit the splits, the proponents found loopholes in the form of political patrons (deputies) and, as a last resort, sought justice from the constitutional court. The splits occurred in both underdeveloped and developed municipalities. The breakaway municipalities were not more developed than the mother municipality; about a third were less developed. There were no clear financial advantages in creating separate municipalities.
Remote sensing techniques to assess chlorophyll fluorescence in support of crop monitoring in Poland
Authors: Gurdak Radosław , Bartold Maciej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The increase in demand for food and the need to predict the impact of a warming climate on vegetation makes it critical that the best tools for assessing crop production are found. Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) has been proposed as a direct indicator of photosynthesis and plant condition. The aim of this paper is to study the feasibility of estimating ChlF from spectral vegetation indices derived from Sentinel-2, in order to monitor crop stress and investigate ChlF changes in response to surface temperatures and meteorological observations. The regressions between thirty three Sentinel-2-derived VIs, and ChlF measured on the ground were evaluated in order to estimate the best predictors of ChlF. The r-Pearson correlation and polynomial linear regression were used. For maize, the highest correlation between ChlF and VIs were found for NDII (r=0.65) and for SIPI (r=−0.68). The weakest relationship between VIs and ChlF were found for sugar beets. Despite this, it should be noted that the highest correlation for sugar beets appeared for EVI (r=0.45) and S2REP (r=0.43). The results of this study indicate the need for a synergy of low and high resolution satellite data that will enable a more detailed analysis for estimating fluorescence and its relation to climatic conditions, environmental aspects, and VIs derived from satellite images.
Famous Hungarian Chemists and Pharmacists from Transylvania: 150 years since the birth of Pál Scheitz, collaborator of Professor Lajos Ilosvay
Authors: Árpád Gyéresi , Mihály Kata , Mária Gyéresi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Several Transylvanian chemists and pharmacists have played an important role in the development and advancement of modern Hungarian chemical sciences. Regarding these prominent personalities we paid tribute in our series to the career and role of Lajos Ilosvay, Lajos Winkler and Tibor Széki in Budapest, Hungary. Pál Scheitz who was born 150 years ago in Marosvásárhely/Târgu-Mures worked at the Chemistry Institute of Professor Lajos Ilosvay. After graduating from the University of Munich and earning a PhD degree, he worked at the University of Kolozsvár/Cluj for a short period of time after which he pursued a full-time academic career at the Budapest University of Technology for the rest of his life. During his relatively short life (1870-1912) he managed to produce some outstanding works in the field of analytical chemistry. His most significant work is a contemporary book on methods of qualitative chemical analysis, which was printed in two editions. His studies and investigations of litmus dyes are also significant, which are still considered to be the most comprehensive studies of the Hungarian scientific literature.
Relevance of Citrobacter species in urinary tract infections: a 10 year surveillance study
Authors: Márió Gajdács 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Urinary tract infections are the third most common infections in human medicine worldwide. Citrobacter species present a challenge to both clinicians and clinical microbiologists, due to various intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. This study includes microbiological and resistance data on urine samples positive for Citrobacter spp. between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2017 at the Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged. Citrobacter species represented 0.7% (n=129) of outpatient samples and 0.6% (n=138) of inpatient samples. Their higher prevalence at advanced age (> 60 years) is consistent with that reported in the literature, whereas the clinical origin (inpatient/outpatient) of the urine specimens did not influence their isolation rates. Overall, the highest levels of resistance were observed with ceftriaxone (29.8% and 47.5%), whereas in case of gentamicin (8.3% and 25.4%) and fosfomycin (9.3 and 13.8%), the lowest level of resistance was detected, respectively. As these pathogens may cause nosocomial epidemics (usually in vulnerable patients groups), close and continuous monitoring is required at both institutional and national level.
Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy in definitive treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: review of current clinical trials
Authors: Plavc Gaber , Strojan Primoz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents as locally advanced disease in a majority of patients and is prone to relapse despite aggressive treatment. Since immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown clinically significant efficacy in patients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC (R/M HNSCC), a plethora of trials are investigating their role in earlier stages of disease. At the same time, preclinical data showed the synergistic role of concurrently administered radiotherapy and ICIs (immunoradiotherapy) and explained several mechanisms behind it. Therefore, this approach is prospectively tested in a neoadjuvant, definitive, or adjuvant setting in non-R/M HNSCC patients. Due to the intricate relationship between host, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, each of these approaches has its advantages and disadvantages. In this narrative review we present the biological background of immunoradiotherapy, as well as a rationale for, and possible flaws of, each treatment approach, and provide readers with a critical summary of completed and ongoing trials.

Conclusions
While immunotherapy with ICIs has already become a standard part of treatment in patients with R/M HNSCC, its efficacy in a non-R/M HNSCC setting is still the subject of extensive clinical testing. Irradiation can overcome some of the cancer’s immune evasive manoeuvres and can lead to a synergistic effect with ICIs, with possible additional benefits of concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the efficacy of this combination is not robust and details in trial design and treatment delivery seem to be of unprecedented importance.
Adnexal masses characterized on 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging – added value of diffusion techniques
Authors: Dimova Julia , Zlatareva Dora , Bakalova Rumiana , Aoki Ichio , Hadjidekov George 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
To assess different types of adnexal masses as identified by 3T MRI and to discuss the added value of diffusion techniques compared with conventional sequences.

Patients and methods
174 women age between 13 and 87 underwent an MRI examination of the pelvis for a period of three years. Patients were examined in two radiology departments – 135 of them on 3 Tesla MRI Siemens Verio and 39 on 3 Tesla MRI Philips Ingenia. At least one adnexal mass was diagnosed in 98 patients and they are subject to this study. Some of them were reviewed retrospectively. Data from patients’ history, physical examination and laboratory tests were reviewed as well.

Results
124 ovarian masses in 98 females’ group of average age 47.2 years were detected. Following the MRI criteria, 59.2% of the cases were considered benign, 30.6% malignant and 10.2% borderline. Out of all masses 58.1% were classified as cystic, 12.9% as solid and 29% as mixed. Оf histologically proven tumors 74.4% were benign and 25.6% were malignant. All of the malignant tumors had restricted diffusion. 64 out of all patients underwent contrast enhancement. (34 there were a subject of contraindications). 39 (61%) of the masses showed contrast enhancement.

Conclusions
Classifying adnexal masses is essential for the preoperative management of the patients. 3T MRI protocols, in particular diffusion techniques, increase significantly the accuracy of the diagnostic assessment.
Introducing the early trauma inventory self report - Short form and its qualitative and quantitative validation for the Slovenian general population
Authors: Ristić-Ilić Jelena , Kastelic Andrej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Traumatic experience in childhood or adolescence has a significant impact on the development of chronic mental and physical conditions in adulthood. Thus, it is very important for health professionals, especially primary care physicians to have an inventory in order to detect early trauma for planning appropriate treatment, such as the Early Trauma Inventory (ETI). The aim of this paper is to test the psychometric properties of the Slovenian translation of the short, self-rated version (ETISR-SF), and to further validate the instrument.

Methods
The research was done in two parts – qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative part, a questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted using the Delphi method. For the quantitative part, 51 patients with substance use disorders hospitalized at the Centre for the Treatment of Drug Addictions were recruited, along with 133 controls. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were checked. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha, test-retest reliability was examined graphically using a Bland-Altman plot. Discriminant validity between groups was gauged using the independent samples t-test.

Results
Consensus in the Delphi study was reached in the second round. Cronbach’s alpha varied between 0.60 - 0.85. Of the four domains, physical abuse had the lowest Cronbach’s alpha. The test-retest reliability is high for all domains, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.82 to 0.96. The non-clinical sample differed significantly from the clinical sample.

Conclusion
The Slovenian translation of ETISR-SF is a satisfactory instrument for the evaluation of trauma before the age of 18.
Expanded newborn screening program in Slovenia using tandem mass spectrometry and confirmatory next generation sequencing genetic testing
Authors: Lampret Barbka Repič , Remec Žiga Iztok , Torkar Ana Drole , Tanšek Mojca Žerjav , Šmon Andraz , Koračin Vanesa , Čuk Vanja , Perko Daša , Ulaga Blanka , Jelovšek Ana Marija , Debeljak Maruša , Kovač Jernej , Battelino Tadej , Grošelj Urh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
In the last two decades, the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry in clinical laboratories has enabled simultaneous testing of numerous acylcarnitines and amino acids from dried blood spots for detecting many aminoacidopathies, organic acidurias and fatty acid oxidation disorders. The expanded newborn screening was introduced in Slovenia in September 2018. Seventeen metabolic diseases have been added to the pre-existing screening panel for congenital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria, and the newborn screening program was substantially reorganized and upgraded.

Methods
Tandem mass spectrometry was used for the screening of dried blood spot samples. Next-generation sequencing was introduced for confirmatory testing. Existing heterogeneous hospital information systems were connected to the same laboratory information system to allow barcode identification of samples, creating reports, and providing information necessary for interpreting the results.

Results
In t he first y ear of t he expanded newborn screening a total of 15,064 samples w ere screened. Four patients were confirmed positive with additional testing.

Conclusions
An expanded newborn screening program was successfully implemented with the first patients diagnosed before severe clinical consequences.
An increasing scabies incidence in Croatia: A call for coordinated action among dermatologists, physicians and epidemiologists
Authors: Lugović-Mihić Liborija , Aždajić Marija Delaš , Filipović Sanja Kurečić , Bukvić Iva , Prkačin Ivana , Grbić Danijela Štimac , Ličina Mirjana Lana Kosanović 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of our study was to examine the scabies incidence in the Croatian population and to analyse potential related factors.

Methods
This mixed ecological study is based on a retrospective medical record review. National data from communicable disease reports was sourced and analysed for an 11-year period (2007-2017), with more focus on the period 2014-2017. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate trends. Differences between the groups were studied using Chi-square test and Kendall’s tau (τ) correlation coefficient. Levels of significance were set at p<0.05 or p<0.01.

Results
From 2007 to 2017, scabies infestation in Croatia increased by 6-fold, particularly affecting children and young adults (19 years or younger). In the period 2014-2017, border counties which are part of migration flows were the counties with the highest average scabies incidences. A linear trend of increase in the number of tourists, immigrants and scabies infestations was noted on the national level for the analysed period, although a significant association was not observed. Regarding outbreaks of scabies within institutions, more than 80% of outbreaks occurred in institutions for adults. In the capital, Zagreb, the crude incidence rate increased 3-fold between 2014 and 2017.

Conclusions
The increased incidence of scabies, large disparities between counties, and prolonged outbreaks within families due to under-recognition and misdiagnoses points to a need for increased awareness among health practitioners. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recent epidemiologic analysis on this topic, not only in Croatia but within the wider geographic region as well.
Barriers affecting the oral health of people diagnosed with depression: A systematic review
Authors: Stepović Miloš , Stajić Dalibor , Rajković Zlata , Maričić Milena , Sekulić Marija 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The problems of oral health of people diagnosed with depression are not adequately recognized, either in developed or developing countries. Social stigma, lack of self-interest, or even inadequate approaches of dental doctors towards the unique situation of this group of people this lead to excessive oral health problems.

Methods
The bibliographic database PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Whiley online library were searched using the following text and MeSH as separate key terms and in combination: depression and oral health/dental caries/periodontal disease/tooth loss/utilization of oral health services/and barriers. The content of documents was analysed using qualitative methodology.

Results
Twenty-six original studies were included in the review. Level/severity of depression, medication and medical comorbidity are the most important medical barriers influencing the oral health of people diagnosed with depression. Dental fear and anxiety are mostly combined with low oral hygiene and bad oral health. Socioeconomic status, dental insurance, bad habits and education also have important roles in the oral health status of people diagnosed with depression.

Conclusion
Including individuals with depression and oral health problems in national health programs, creating specific prevention programs, or subsidizing the cost of treatment are some of the recommendations suggested as solutions.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of an iatrogenic winged scapula caused by spinal accessory neuropathy combined with dorsal scapular neuropathy - a case report
Authors: Uysal Alper , Kalkan Nimet Bilge 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The most common cause of a spinal accessory nerve (SAN) lesion is iatrogenic injuries that occur during operations on the posterior cervical triangle of the neck. Dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) lesions occur rarely and are usually caused by compression of the nerve by the hypertrophic middle scalene muscle or stretching of the nerve as a result of traumatic movements.

Case Presentation:
We present a case with SAN and DSN lesions due to neck surgery because it is a rare case and we think it will contribute to the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first presentation of a case of iatrogenic injury to both the SAN and DSN. As a result of the examination and evaluation by ultrasonography of the patient, we suspected the accompanying DSN lesion and confirmed it with electromyography (EMG) examination.

Conclusion:
Musculoskeletal ultrasound can be used as an assistive or alternative technique for EMG examination in the diagnosis of chronic peripheral nerve lesions by measuring muscle thickness.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penjualan “Waleu” Kaos Lampung di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Dunan Hendri , Antoni Muhammad Rizky , Redaputri Appin Purisky , Jayasinga Heylin Idelia 
Published: October 2020

Pemasaran merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan untuk mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup atau untuk menjaga kestabilan usahanya dan untuk berkembang. Untuk itu setiap perusahaan harus memiliki kegiatatan pemasaran produknya yang dimulai dari sebelum produk itu dibuat sampai dengan produk tersebut dipakai oleh konsumen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif karena data yang akan digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dinyatakan dengan angka atau skala numerik. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi penjualan Waleu Kaos Lampung. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara Product, Price, Promotion, Place terhadap penjualan konsumen. Hasil penelitian Product berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penjualan. Place berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penjualan. Promotion berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penjualan. Place berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penjualan.penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh Product, Price, Promotion, Place secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif terhadap penjualan Pada “Waleu” Kaos Lampung Di Bandar Lampung. pengaruh Product, Price, Promotion, Place, terhadap penjualan sebesar 85,5% sisanya sebesar 14,5% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak penulis teliti.