bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Decline in Walking Speed Is Associated With Incident Knee Replacement in Adults With and at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Harkey Matthew S. , Lapane Kate L. , Liu Shao-Hsien , Lo Grace H. , McAlindon Timothy E. , Driban Jeffrey B. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo determine if a 1-year change in walking speed is associated with receiving an incident knee replacement during the following year in adults with and at risk for knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsUsing data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, we determined a 1-year change in the 20-meter walk speed from 3 observation periods (i.e., 0–12, 12–24, and 24–36 months). We operationally defined 1-year change in walking speed as either (1) decline: ≤ –0.1 m/s change, (2) no change: between –0.1 and 0.1 m/s change, and (3) increase: ≥ 0.1 m/s change. Incident knee replacement was defined using each subsequent 1-year period (i.e., 12–24, 24–36, and 36–48 months). Combining data from the 3 observation periods, we performed a Poisson regression with robust error variance to determine the relative risk between a change in walking speed (exposure) and incident knee replacement over the following year (outcome).ResultsOf the 4264 participants included within this analysis (11,311 total person visits), 115 (3%) adults received a knee replacement. Decline in walking speed was associated with a 104% increase in risk [adjusted relative risk (RR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.40–2.98], while an increase in walking speed associated with a 55% decrease in risk (RR 0.45; 95% CI 0.22–0.93) of incident knee replacement in the following year compared to a person with no change in walking speed.ConclusionA 1-year decline in walking speed is associated with an increased risk, while a 1-year increase in walking speed is associated with a decreased risk of future incident knee replacement.
Trends in the Inpatient Burden of Coronary Artery Disease in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Study of a Large National Dataset
Authors: Luo Yiming , Xu Jiehui , Jiang Changchuan , Krittanawong Chayakrit , Wu Lingling , Yang Yifeng , Bandyopadhyay Dhrubajyoti , Cram Peter , Ibrahim Said , Mehta Bella 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveCardiovascular (CV) diseases are serious comorbidities in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). In a sample of patients hospitalized for GPA, we sought to examine trends in the burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its 2 serious manifestations, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF).MethodsWe used the National Inpatient Sample to conduct a retrospective cross-sectional analysis. Our sample consisted of hospitalizations for GPA between 2005 and 2014. We examined trends in the proportion of CAD, AMI, and HF in all hospitalizations with GPA compared to those without GPA. We used logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders and included interaction terms.ResultsAmong a total of 103,453 GPA hospitalizations, 20,351 (19.7%) hospitalizations had a concurrent diagnosis of CAD. GPA with CAD was associated with overall lower burden of traditional CV risk factors compared to non-GPA with CAD, with the exception of chronic kidney disease (57% vs 21%). Over the 10-year study period, there were rising trends in the inpatient burden of CAD (16.6% in 2005 to 22.7% in 2014) and CAD with HF (4.3% in 2005 to 9.9% in 2014), but not AMI (1.2% in 2005 to 1.1% in 2014), in GPA hospitalizations compared to non-GPA controls.ConclusionIn this national sample of GPA hospitalizations, we found that the burden of CAD and CAD with HF was on the rise over the 10-year period compared to non-GPA; however, it was not the case for AMI.
Higher Prevalence and Degree of Insulin Resistance in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Than in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Quevedo-Abeledo Juan C. , Sánchez-Pérez Hiurma , Tejera-Segura Beatriz , de Armas-Rillo Laura , Ojeda Soledad , Erausquin Celia , González-Gay Miguel Á. , Ferraz-Amaro Iván 
Published: June 2020

Objective.Since insulin resistance (IR) is highly prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we aimed to determine whether differences in IR exist between the two conditions.Methods.We conducted a cross-sectional study comprising 413 subjects without diabetes (186 with SLE and 227 with RA). Glucose, insulin, and C-peptide serum levels, as well as IR by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2) were studied. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in IR indexes between patients with SLE and RA, as well as to determine if IR risk factors or disease-related characteristics are differentially associated with IR in both populations.Results.The insulin:C-peptide molar ratio was upregulated in patients with RA compared to patients with SLE (β 0.009, 95% CI 0.005–0.014, P < 0.001) after multivariable analysis. HOMA2 indexes related to insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) were found to be lower (β –27, 95% CI –46 to –9, P = 0.004) and β cell function (HOMA2-%B) showed higher IR indexes (β 38, 95% CI 23–52, P < 0.001) in RA than in SLE patients after multivariable analysis. Patients with RA more often fulfilled the definition of IR than those with SLE (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.25–3.69, P = 0.005). The size effect of IR factors on IR indexes was found to be equal in both diseases.Conclusion.IR sensitivity is lower and β cell function is higher in RA than in SLE patients. The fact that traditional IR factors have an equal effect on IR in both SLE and RA supports the contention that these differences are related to the diseases themselves.
Cutting Edge: Intestinal Mucus Limits the Clonal Deletion of Developing T Cells Specific for an Oral Antigen
Authors: Tsai Kevin , Huang Yu-Hsuan , Ma Caixia , Baldwin Troy A. , Harder Kenneth W. , Vallance Bruce A. , Priatel John J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A layer of mucus functions to segregate contents of the intestinal lumen from the intestinal epithelium. The MUC2 mucin is the primary constituent of intestinal mucus and plays critical protective roles against luminal microbes and other noxious agents. In this study, we investigated whether MUC2 helps maintain CD8 T cell tolerance toward intestinal luminal Ags by gavaging wild-type and Muc2−/− mice with a model Ag and monitoring immune responses posttreatment. We report that orally delivered OVA rapidly disseminates through the blood of Muc2−/− (but not control) mice and causes immune activation of Ag-specific CD8 T cells at both local and distal sites. Further, the administration of oral OVA to Muc2−/− mice led to its presentation by thymic dendritic cells and the deletion of Ag-specific thymocytes. Collectively, our findings suggest that intestinal mucus helps limit the shaping of the TCR repertoire of developing thymocytes by intestinal luminal Ags.
Gender dan Ekonomi (Analisa Terhadap Mitra Go-Jek Perempuan di Indonesia Tahun 2018)
Authors: H Darmawati 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak Transportasi sudah menjadi kebutuhan pokok masyarakat milenial. Transportasi yang aman, nyaman, mudah, dan murah merupakan syarat utamanya. Sektor ini dengan cepat ditanggapi oleh seorang entrepreneur muda Indonesia yang dengan membangun kerajaan bisnis yang berbasis daring. Go-Jek Indonesia telah menjelma menjadi salah satu bisnis transportasi terkemuka di Indonesia. Mitranya tidak hanya laki-laki tetapi juga perempuan. Penelitian ini menggambarkan bagaimana perlakuan perusahaan terhadap mitra perempuannya dan apa respon masyarakat atas keikutsertaan perempuan dalam bidang yang didominasi kaum laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan perlakuan perusahaan baik pada mitra perempuan ataupun lelaki, hanya saja stigma masyarakat tentang perempuan yang lemah dan kurang lincah di jalan merupakan alasan munculnya respon negative.
Peran Ibu Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Anak
Authors: Adam Adiyana 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakSeorang ibu dalam melakukan pengasuhan pada anakm usia dini, diajak meniru sesuatu yang sangat berkesan dan anak diajak berfikir tentang ciptaan Allah dengan landasan kasih sayang. Pengenalan kepada Allah bisa dikenalkan dengan anak melalui do’a yang sederhana, melalui bentuk bentuk ciptaaan Allah yang dia kagumi.Melalui pendidikan karakter secara sederhana, Ibu dapat menyelami jiwa anak dan memberikan cinta kasih sayang setulus-tulusnya. Pendidikan karakter bukan sekedar mengajarkan mana yang benar dan mana yang salah, lebih dari itu, pendidikan karakter menanamkan kebiasaan (habination) tentang hal-hal yang baik sehingga anak menjadi paham (cognitive) tentang yang benar dan salah, mampu merasakan (afektif) nilai yang baik dan biasa melakukannya (psikomotor). Dengan kata lain, pendidikan karakter terhadap anak usia dini haarus melibatkan bukan saja aspek pengetahuan yang baik ( moral knowing), akan tetapi juga “merasakan dengan baik” (moral feeling) dan “prilaku yang baik” (moral action). Pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini lebih menekankan pada habit atau kebiasaan yang terus menerus dipraktekkan dan dilakukan.Pendidikan merupakan suatu usaha dimana adanya kesadaran untuk mengembangkan potensi diri dalam memahami suatu pengetahuan untuk dapat
PENTINGNYA PENDIDIKAN LANJUT BAGI WANITA (Studi Kasus Mahasiswi Indonesia di Khon Kaen University)
Authors: Utari Sri Rahayu 
Published: June 2020

Pendidikan diartikan sebagai proses mengubah sikap dan tata laku seseorang dengan tujuan menjadi lebih baik. Pendidikan terbagi menjadi dua yaitu pendidikan formal dan non-formal. Kondisi pendidikan di Indonesia baru baru ini menunjukan hasilnya yang cukup mencengangkan. Survei yang diinisiasi oleh OECD atau Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development menunjukan hasil bahwa pendidikan Indonesia masih dibawah Singapore, Vietnam dan Thailand. Masalah dalam dunia pendidikan adalah terkait kesetaraan gender. Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang bagaimana pentingnya pendidikan tinggi tingkat pascasarjana bagi perempuan. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui bagaimana perspektif perempuan akan hal tersebut serta alasan dibaliknya. Penelitian menggunakan metode deksriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan sampling mahasisiwi Indonesia di Khon Kaen University yang menempuh jenjang pasca sarjana. Berdasarkan data diatas diperoleh bahwa para mahasiswi sangat sadar akan pentingnya pendidikan bagi perempuan. Para mahasiswi mulai keluar dari stereotip masyarakat dan belajar bidang yang identic dengan laki laki.
PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA MANDIRI DI DESA GALO-GALO MOROTAI
Authors: Dade Masni 
Published: June 2020

Pembangunan yang utuh dan menyeluruh dari suatu negara menuntut peranan penuh dari kaum perempuan dalam segala bidang kehidupan. Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa telah membuka ruang terhadap partisipasi warga dalam pembangunan desa. Hal ini seiring dengan adanya kebijakan dana desa dari pemerintah pusat. Dengan ini warga desa diharapkan mampu memanfaatkan peluang untuk berpartisipasi dalam memajukan desanya. Tidak terkecuali kaum perempuan, Perempuan pun memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dirinya dengan turut aktif dalam meajukan desanya. Desa Galo- galo terletak di bagian selatan Pulau Morotai provinsi Maluku Utara, mempunyai kelompok sadar wisata yang anggotanya sebagian besar perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh peran perempuan dalam mengembangkan desa wisata mandiri di Galo Galo Kabupaten Pulau Morotai
Qualitative investigation of the flipped classroom teaching approach as an alternative to the traditional lecture
Authors: Almanasef Mona , Almaghaslah Dalia , Portlock Jane , Chater Angel 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The study’s objective was to determine students’ perception of the traditional lecture and other methods of teaching and learning the students had already experienced, and to determine students’ expectations and attitude towards the flipped classroom teaching method. Methods: Two focus groups were conducted with 11 undergraduate pharmacy students in two pharmacy schools in the United Kingdom. Focus groups discussions were audio-recorded, then transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using the inductive method. Results: Six key themes were identified: 1) teacher characteristics and competence; 2) having the right tools to learn; 3) learning can be emotional; 4) group work: what is in it for me?; 5) scaffold the delivery of teaching; and 6) to prepare or not to prepare. Conclusion: The flipped classroom teaching approach was thought to tackle perceived limitations of the traditional lecture including limited student engagement and the inappropriate pace of instructions. It was also deemed to help students understand the taught subject and prepare for summative assessment.
Ficção 80/90: literatura e epidemia discursiva
Authors: Felippe Renata Farias de , Esmerio João Alcides Haetinger 
Published: June 2020

Este artigo pretende reanalisar parte da produção literária brasileira dos anos 1980, a partir das contradições de uma década marcada, simultaneamente, pelo arrebatamento e pelo terror. Período caracterizado pela euforia em torno da redemocratização, o decênio é também impactado pela descoberta da AIDS como pandemia, acontecimento responsável pela regulação dos corpos — ocasionada pela ênfase na prática do sexo seguro — e pela estigmatização da homossexualidade. Em Aids e suas metáforas, Susan Sontag (1989) analisa o imaginário em torno da doença, cujos desdobramentos seriam tanto o recrudescimento do preconceito contra homossexuais quanto a culpabilização das vítimas do vírus. Quando retomados e associados ao contexto brasileiro, os argumentos de Sontag (1989) assumem conotações distintas, que permitem revisitar a literatura brasileira a partir do olhar que as manifestações do período direcionaram à pandemia (recorte praticamente ignorado pela historiografia e pela crítica literária). Esse viés também permite refletir sobre a “utilidade” que a insistente exploração das metáforas ligadas à AIDS pode ter assumido. O desenvolvimento dessas propostas tomará os contos “Linda, uma história horrível” e “Depois de agosto”, ambos do escritor brasileiro Caio Fernando Abreu (1988; 1995), como referências para a análise.
Global sourcing, firm size and export survival
Authors: Bandick Roger 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates how firm size and global sourcing affect the export surviving probabilities. By using data on export and import transactions disaggregated by destination/origin for the entire Danish manufacturing firms between the period 1995–2006, the author is able to classify the firms into different size categories and to observe whether they continue or cease to export. Moreover, he is able to define whether the firms source intermediate inputs from high- or low-wage counties. The results, after controlling for the endogeneity of the international sourcing decision by using instrument variable and propensity score matching, indicate that firm size is positively correlated with the likelihood of continuing to export. Moreover, for small and medium size firms, global sourcing seems also to increase the probability of staying in the export market but only if they source from high-wage countries. However, sourcing inputs from abroad, no matter if it is from high- or low-wage countries, do not seem to significantly affect the export surviving probabilities for larger firms.
Prognostic value of lung ultrasonography and bioimpedance spectroscopy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Siriopol Dimitrie , Siriopol Mihaela , Mihaila Mihaela , Rusu Florentina , Sascau Radu , Costache Irina , Vasiliu Vlad , Bucur Andreea , Neamtu Andreea , Popa Raluca , Cianga Petru , Kanbay Mehmet , Covic Adrian 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionChronic heart failure (HF) represents a major global public health problem, and despite significant advances in diagnosis and management over the past two decades, HF patients still have a poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between lung congestion, as assessed by lung ultrasonography (LUS), bioimpedance spectroscopy, body fluid compartments, and echocardiographic parameters, and to determine the effect of these associations on all-cause mortality in HF patients.Material and methodsEligible patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 45% were identified via daily echocardiography assessments. Lung ultrasonography was performed with patients in the supine position, for a total of 28 sites per complete examination. The extracellular water (ECW) was determined using a BIS device.ResultsOur study included 122 patients (67.2% males) with a mean age of 67.2 years. In the multivariable linear regression analysis, including all the univariable predictors of lung congestion, only New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, ECW, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and LVEF levels maintained an independent association with the number of B-lines. During the follow-up, 33 patients died. In multivariable Cox analysis, a B-line number of at least 15 remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality, independently of age, sex, diabetes, LVEF, estimated glomerular filtration rate, C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, or ECW values (adjusted HR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.12–13.09).ConclusionsWe show for the first time in HF patients that pulmonary congestion, as assessed by LUS, is associated with the severity of NYHA class, LVEF, eGFR, and ECW, and it identifies those at increased risk of death.
Nur77 knock-down suppresses glioma by regulating CXCR4
Authors: Dai Yuxiang , Zhang Liexiang , Wang Jing , Yu Cheng , Ding Yu , Zhou Wei , Zheng Jing , Ni Hongbin 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionThe aim of this study is to explain the effects and mechanisms of Nur77 in glioma development.Material and methodsNur77 protein and gene expression were measured by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in tissues from glioma and craniocerebral injury patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to median Nur77 gene expression and the correlations between clinical pathology, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and Nur77 gene expression were analysed. U257 and U87 cells were employed to assess the effects of Nur77 in cancer cell development by MTT, flow cytometry, and transwell and wound healing assays. Relative protein and gene expression were evaluated by Western blot assay and RT-qPCR, and PI3K nuclear volumes were evaluated by cellular immunofluorescence to explain the relevant mechanisms.ResultsCompared with that in normal tissues, Nur77 protein and gene expression in glioma tissues was significantly up-regulated (p < 0.01); this up-regulation increased with increasing tumour stage (p < 0.01). Compared with the high Nur77 expression group, the low Nur expression group showed significantly improved PFS and OS (both p < 0.01). Nur77 gene expression appeared to be closely correlated with clinical pathology. In vitro studies of si-Nur77 transfection revealed a significant reduction in the cell viability of the si-Nur77 group, with increasing apoptosis rate (p < 0.001). Nur77 knock-down resulted in significant downregulation of cell invasion and wound healing rates in the si-Nur77 group (p < 0.01), with remarkable reductions in CXCR4 and PI3K.ConclusionsNur77 is an important oncogene in glioma, and Nur77 expression is closely correlated with glioma clinical pathology, PFS, and OS. Nur77 knock-down exerts inhibitory effects on glioma by regulating CXCR4/PI3K.
Design and rationale of a nationwide screening analysis from the LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 studies
Authors: Jóźwiak Jacek , Kasperczyk Sławomir , Tomasik Tomasz , Osadnik Tadeusz , Windak Adam , Studziński Krzysztof , Mastej Mirosław , Catapano Alberico , Ray Kausik K. , Mikhailidis Dimitri , Toth Peter , Howard George , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Tomaszewski Maciej , Charchar Fadi J. , Sattar Naveed , Williams Bryan , MacDonald Thomas M. , Krzemień Paweł , Dobrakowski Michał , Kasperczyk Aleksandra , Nowak Dariusz , Skowron Łukasz , Żak Żaneta , Lewek Joanna , Banach Maciej 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The LIPIDOGRAM2015 study was performed to estimate the prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases as well as cardiovascular and related disorders in the primary care setting in Poland. The LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study was designed to include a random cohort of patients in order to analyse parameters related to lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autoimmune disorders, and gene variants that confer susceptibility to cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases.Material and methodsThe recruitment was carried out by 438 primary care physicians in Poland. The expected number of patients recruited for the LIPIDOGRAM2015 study was 13,000–14,000 with 13–15% (1700–2000) also participating in the LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study. Each patient had to complete a questionnaire concerning medical and family history, concomitant diseases, and pharmacotherapy. Anthropometric measurements were performed at the doctor’s office. For the LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study, saliva samples for DNA isolation and blood samples for measurement of glycated haemoglobin, oxidative stress parameters, autoantibody levels, and inflammatory cytokine profile and apolipoprotein profile were collected. Follow-up data will be obtained from the National Health Fund in Poland.ResultsThe LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 study cohort reflects the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and concomitant diseases, markers of oxidative stress, the presence of autoantibodies, inflammatory cytokine profile, and apolipoprotein profile, as well as genetic variants potentially conferring susceptibility to cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases.ConclusionsThis study presents the prevalence of different CV risk factors, with special emphasis on lipid disorders, and it assesses the relationship between inflammation, oxidative stress, and mutations in genes encoding proteins regulating lipid metabolism, as well as genes conferring susceptibility to cardiovascular, cardiometabolic, and related diseases.
Enhanced apoptotic activity in allergic diseases and its relationship with eosinophil cationic protein, systemic inflammation, and severity of atopic sensitisation
Authors: Choi Jong Weon , Lee Moon Hee , Fujii Tatsuyoshi 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionThe association between serum soluble apoptotic markers, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and inflammatory parameters in allergic diseases has seldom been studied. This study aimed to investigate apoptotic activity in allergic diseases and its relationship with ECP, systemic inflammation, and severity of atopic sensitisation.Material and methodsA total of 125 patients with allergic diseases were investigated by measuring ECP, APO-1, tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE), total IgE (tIgE), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels.ResultsECP, APO-1, TRAIL, and hsCRP levels were significantly higher in patients with allergic diseases than in healthy individuals. Patients who tested positive for ECP had no significant differences in APO-1 and TRAIL levels compared with those who tested negative for ECP. However, among the patients who tested positive for ECP, those with elevated hsCRP concentrations had significantly higher APO-1 and TRAIL levels than those without elevated hsCRP concentrations (p < 0.001, respectively). APO-1, TRAIL, and ECP levels were significantly higher in patients with inhalant allergy than in those with food allergy. APO-1 and TRAIL were significantly associated with hsCRP but not with tIgE and sIgE scores.ConclusionsApoptotic activity is enhanced in allergic diseases and is more closely linked to concomitant systemic inflammation than to the severity of atopic sensitisation, particularly in patients with inhalant allergy.