bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-related changes in pulse risetime measured by multi-site photoplethysmography
Authors: Allen John , O’Sullivan John , Stansby Gerard , Murray Alan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective: It is accepted that changes in the peripheral pulse waveform characteristics occur with ageing. Pulse risetime is one important feature which has clinical value. However, it is unclear how it varies across the full age spectrum from child to senior and for different peripheral measurement sites. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between age and pulse risetime characteristics over an 8-decade age range at the ears, fingers, and toes, and to consider effects arising from differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP), height and heart rate. Approach: Multi-site photoplethysmography (MPPG) pulse waveforms were recorded non-invasively from the right and left ears, fingers, and toes of 304 normal healthy human subjects (range 6–87 years; 156 male and 148 female). SBP, height, and heart rate were also measured. Multi-site PPG pulse risetimes, and their site differences, were determined. Main results: Univariate regression analysis showed positive correlations with risetime for age (ears, fingers and toes: + 0.8, + 1.9, and + 1.1 ms/year, respectively), SBP (+0.5, + 1.3, and + 0.9 ms/mmHg) and height (+0.5, + 1.2, and + 1.0 ms/cm), but with a clear inverse association with heart rate (−1.8, − 2.5, and − 1.6 ms min) (P < 0.0001). No significant differences between male and female subjects were found for pulse risetime. Significance: Normative multi-site PPG risetime characteristics have been defined in over 300 subjects and are shown to increase with age linearly up to the 8th decade. In contrast, we have shown that heart rate has a clear inverse relationship with risetime for all measurement sites.
A new benchmark problem for electromagnetic modelling of superconductors: the high-T
c superconducting dynamo
Authors: Ainslie Mark , Grilli Francesco , Quéval Loïc , Pardo Enric , Perez-Mendez Fernando , Mataira Ratu , Morandi Antonio , Ghabeli Asef , Bumby Chris , Brambilla Roberto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The high-T
c superconducting (HTS) dynamo is a promising device that can inject large DC supercurrents into a closed superconducting circuit. This is particularly attractive to energise HTS coils in NMR/MRI magnets and superconducting rotating machines without the need for connection to a power supply via current leads. It is only very recently that quantitatively accurate, predictive models have been developed which are capable of analysing HTS dynamos and explain their underlying physical mechanism. In this work, we propose to use the HTS dynamo as a new benchmark problem for the HTS modelling community. The benchmark geometry consists of a permanent magnet rotating past a stationary HTS coated-conductor wire in the open-circuit configuration, assuming for simplicity the 2D (infinitely long) case. Despite this geometric simplicity the solution is complex, comprising time-varying spatially-inhomogeneous currents and fields throughout the superconducting volume. In this work, this benchmark problem has been implemented using several different methods, including H-formulation-based methods, coupled H-A and T-A formulations, the Minimum Electromagnetic Entropy Production method, and integral equation and volume integral equation-based equivalent circuit methods. Each of these approaches show excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement for the open-circuit equivalent instantaneous voltage and the cumulative time-averaged equivalent voltage, as well as the current density and electric field distributions within the HTS wire at key positions during the magnet transit. Finally, a critical analysis and comparison of each of the modelling frameworks is presented, based on the following key metrics: number of mesh elements in the HTS wire, total number of mesh elements in the model, number of degrees of freedom, tolerance settings and the approximate time taken per cycle for each model. This benchmark and the results contained herein provide researchers with a suitable framework to validate, compare and optimise their own methods for modelling the HTS dynamo.
Heavy flavor quenching and flow: the roles of initial condition, pre-equilibrium evolution, and in-medium interaction *
Authors: Li Shu-Qing , Xing Wen-Jing , Liu Feng-Lei , Cao Shanshan , Qin Guang-You 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Within an advanced Langevin-hydrodynamics framework coupled to a hybrid fragmentation-coalescence hadronization model, we study heavy flavor quenching and flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We investigate how the initial heavy quark spectrum, the in-medium energy loss and hadronization mechanisms of heavy quarks, the evolution profile of the pre-equilibrium stage, the medium flow, and the temperature dependence of heavy quark diffusion coefficients influence the suppression and elliptic flow of heavy mesons at the RHIC and the LHC. Our results show that the different modeling of initial conditions, pre-equilibrium evolution, and in-medium interactions can individually yield uncertainties of approximately 10-40% in D meson suppression and flow at a low transverse momentum. We also find that proper combinations of collisional versus radiative energy loss, coalescence versus fragmentation in hadronization, and the inclusion of medium flow are the most important factors for describing the suppression and elliptic flow of heavy mesons.
Orientation dichroism effect of proton scattering on deformed nuclei *
Authors: Ou Li , Xiao Zhi-Gang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Proton-induced scattering of 238U nuclei, with spheroidal deformations at beam energies above 100 MeV, is simulated using an improved quantum molecular dynamics model. The angular distribution of the deflected protons is highly sensitive to the orientation of the symmetrical long axis of the target nuclei with respect to the beam direction. As a result, in reverse kinematic reactions, an orientation dichroism effect is predicted, implying that the absorption rate of the 238U beam by a proton target discerns between the parallel and perpendicular orientations of the deformed 238U nuclei.
Impact of sugar factory pollutants on the insulators’ impurity
Authors: Sanjaya A M , Aripriharta A , Afandi A N , Fadlika I , Laya F R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the impact of pollutants on the impurity of substation insulator around the sugar factory. We have conducted experiment and calculated the equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) to determine pollutant’s level, which measure the conductivity of pollutants in insulators. Then synchronized with the weight of NaCl, so the conductivity is the same as the conductivity of pollutants. The results of experimental data from pollutants attached to the polymer isolator are in the medium category, with a value of 0.37 mg/cm2.
Renewable energy awareness in Vocational engineering high school students
Authors: Alfina F T , Pambudi N A , Biddinika M K , Widiastuti I , Rachmawati Y 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The availability of ready-to-work human resources in the industry is key to successful industrialization in the renewable energy field. Although Indonesia has some potential renewable energy. One obstacle is the lack of industries that develop renewable energy, which is also not supported by the readiness of human resources to work. Indonesia has large renewable energy potential, but its utilization is minimal. Another obstacle is the lack of human resources capable of developing renewable energy. In order to achieve maximum renewable energy, efforts need to be put in place to improve the quality of human resources. This is where education comes into play and performs an active role in increasing the awareness and need for renewable energy. Furthermore, good and unique social-technical education and vocational school is a place to start the development of an individual’s awareness of renewable energy. A survival renewal source of energy is distributed to 82 respondents from different education, class, and levels. Respondents consist of students from the Mechanical Engineering Education Department of Engineering machinery and vocational techniques. This study will be one of the references in determining the direction of national policy, especially education in the field of development of renewable energy in Indonesia.
Catalytic effect of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) on the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of Tetraselmis chuii microalgae during the pyrolysis
Authors: Widiono A E , Sukarni S , Wulandari R , Puspitasari P , Permanasari A A , Prasetiyo A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The catalytic effect of TiO2 during the pyrolysis of Tetraselmis chuii (T.chuii) microalgae was studied using a thermal analyzer. Pyrolysis experiment was occupied on the sample that was a mixture of 10 mg microalgae and 5% TiO2 and the result was compared with microalgae and microalgae with 3% TiO2. The presence of 5% TiO2 into the microalgae affected decreasing the initial and final temperatures of degradation by approximately 17 °C (at Stage 2) and 35 °C (at Stage 3) respectively. The activation energy that was evaluated using the Coats-Redfern method for Stage 2 indicated the decreasing value of around 18.39 kJ/mol and increases in Stage 3 by 3.27 kJ/mol. The overall results indicated that addition of TiO2 has significantly influenced the conversion process of T. chuii microalgae.
Effect of redox gradients on Cu and Zn concentrations in water of Blanakan River, West Java
Authors: Takarina N D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Metal concentrations in water threat adjacent ecosystems due to the potential of metal mobilization and the subsequent uptake into water. Here, contents of heavy metals Cu and Zn were determined for river waters. We used factorial analysis (FA) to determine the metal contents in relation to environmental factors such as redox potential (Eh), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity, temperature and turbidity in the Blanakan river. The Zn was ranging from 0.44 to 2.13 mg/L. The FA categorized Zn with salinity and temperature. Meanwhile, the Cu was ranging from 0.02 to 0.05 mg/L. The FA categorized Cu with Eh, turbidity, DO and pH. Such discrepancy in metal concentrations highlighted that redox gradient has more effects on Cu than Zn. Respectively, decrease of Eh from -38 to -41 mV can increase the Cu up to 0.05 mg/L. Correlation of Eh with Cu contents indicating that Cu was influenced by terrestrial inputs. Conversely, correlation of temperature and salinity with Zn contents indicating that Zn was influenced by aquatic inputs.
Problems and restoration of cascade Mahakam Lakes in the climate change perspective
Authors: Mislan  , Anwar Y 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cascade Mahakam Lake (CML) have function as a flood retention area, a freshwater fishery center, and settlements. Problems in CML include damage to catchment areas, reduced biodiversity, fisheries productivity, and decreased water quality. Climate change is believed to have an impact on increasing pressure on the ecosystem and problems on the CML. This research aims to deals with the problems and needs of restoration from the perspective of climate change. Rainfall, water level, and water quality data were obtained from secondary data, while the problems of flooding, drought, declining fisheries productivity, and environmental health as a result of climate change are obtained from field observations and interviews with communities in CML. The results showed that annual rainfall in the CML area tended to increase, fluctuations in water level during floods and very high tide with uncertain cycles, conditions of flooding and drought were difficult to predict, and trend water quality declined. These conditions reduce the ability of the community in aquaculture and agriculture, flooding and drought adaptation, providing clean water and increasing weed. Restoration of CML areas ware urgently needed, include rehabilitation of catchment areas, increasing aquatic vegetation, reducing pollutant sources, maintaining biodiversity and increasing fisheries productivity. The implementation of Restoration CML faces obstacles such as had not yet been established management plans, lake boundaries, lack of information and monitoring of lake conditions, community empowerment, and disaster risk reduction activities.
Distribution pattern of Gunung Sewu karst doline water utilization: a case study of doline in Semanu and Ponjong Sub Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency)
Authors: Reynaldi D T , Damayanti A , Taqyuddin  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gunungkidul Regency is part of the Gunung Sewu karst mega system, which has diverse morphology. The karst landscape has its uniqueness to the geohydrological system, which makes it difficult for people to use underground water. Consequently, people are more likely to use surface water. The presence of surface water is significant for the community to meet their water needs. Doline is one of the surface water resources in the karst region, which plays an essential role in meeting the water needs of the surrounding community. Semanu and Ponjong Sub Subdistricts in Gunungkidul Regency have surface water resources in the form of the doline. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution pattern of doline water utilization based on altitude, slope, and characteristics of the doline. The variables used are doline location, land use, elevation, slope, and doline morphometry. Data were obtained from relevant agencies and field surveys. The approach method used was the spatial pattern to analyze the distribution pattern of doline water utilization. The types of doline water utilization in the research area consists of agricultural irrigation use and for domestic needs. Doline distribution in the study area has a clustering pattern. The water utilization pattern for agricultural irrigation tends to be towards the west and south of the doline. The water utilization for domestic and community consumption has a random pattern. Doline morphometry does not affect the variation of doline water utilization patterns. Meanwhile, the altitude and slope at the doline location result in a variety of the doline water utilization in the study area. The higher the doline location and the bigger the slope, then the more various usage of doline water will be.
Paleolimnology analysis: the reconstruction of Lake Maninjau with pollen as the proxy
Authors: Widyani K , Ridwansyah I , Syahrulyati T 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLake Maninjau is a lake formed due to volcanic processes. Located in Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province, the detail of lake genesis remains a debate among experts. The study of paleolimnology to the reconstruction of Lake Maninjau based palynomorph aims to find out how climate change is happening at Lake Maninjau after the formation of the lake as well as how environmental change suck as land use in the area around the lake. Using lake sediment samples, this research will address the specific reconstruction of the lake using pollen as the proxy. Based on the result of the study showed that 150 years ago, Lake Maninjau had a dry climate with climate change become humid 20 years later. Changes from warm to humid climate from 150 years ago can be seen from the growth of vegetation in wetlands, swamps to the mountain rain forest.
Ammonia toxicity to endemic fish (Rasbora maninjau) of Lake Maninjau as a reference for water quality guidelines
Authors: Yoga G P , Samir O 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Unionized ammonia (NH3) is highly toxic to freshwater organisms. Yet, most of the available toxicity data on NH3 were predominantly generated from temperate regions, while toxicity data on NH3 derived from tropical species were limited. Bada (Rasbora maninjau) as an endemic fish in Lake Maninjau-West Sumatra, has an important economic value for local communities. They live in clearwater with sand to gravel lake/river beds. The catch of R. maninjau is decreasing along with the decline of the water quality. Nowadays, the water quality of Lake Maninjau is declining as the effect of organic wastes from domestic sources and floating cage aquaculture. Therefore, the information about toxicity of ammonia in fish is important as a management tool for fish conservation. This research was aimed to find the LC50 value of ammonia in R. maninjau. A static acute toxicity test was conducted for 96 hours. Mortality was recorded for calculating LC50-96h, No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) and Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC). Values of LC50-96h, NOEC and LOEC were 29.92 mg/L TAN or 0.7 mg/L NH3, 27 mg/L TAN or 0.63 mg/L NH3, and 38 mg/L TAN or 0.89 mg/L NH3, respectively. Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration (MATC) of ammonia to Bada was 32 mg/l TAN or 0.59 mg/l NH3. The acute toxicity result showed that ammonia concentration affects the mortality of R manijau for 96 hours. The information about ammonia toxicity data will be used as a water quality guideline in Lake Maninjau.
Relationship between the surface sediment substrate characteristic with the abundance of macrozoobenthos in River Ranggeh, West of Sumatra
Authors: Aisyah S , Soedarso J , Satya A , Syawal M S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The bottom substrate is one of the main ecological factors that influence the structure of the aquatic organism. Macrozoobenthos are the organisms living either in the bottom waters or the bottom surface of the waters. The presence of macrozoobenthos in the water is strongly influenced by various environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and substrate of the bottom water. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the physico-chemical of waters and the substrate bottom of River Ranggeh, as well as their relationship to macrozoobenthos abundance. Samples were taken in 2019 for five times (February, March, April, July, and August). Survey method was used in this study. Purposive random sampling was carried out at four stations based on the environmental factors and land use. Insect class was the most dominant class found at all study area with the diversity index value of H’> 1 (high diversity). Type of the bottom substrate of River Ranggeh is argillaceous sand with high organic carbon concentration values. The results of the Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed that the abundance of macrozoobenthos was positively correlated with temperature, TSS, P-organic and C-organic, but it was negatively correlated with pH, water flow, DO, Total N, and substrate type.
Phytotechnology for eutrophic waters: ecological approach to increase benefits. A review
Authors: Chrismadha T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Phytotechnology utilizes plants as a strategic tool for resolving various environmental problems. One major problem of the lake in Indonesia is floating cage aquaculture practices that produce organic contamination which leads to water eutrophication. As a producer, plants play a central role in material and energy transfer in ecosystems, utilizing solar energy to perform photosynthesis and converting nutrients into biomass, which can be very useful for any purpose. A suitable plant can play phytoremediation function, while at the same time could produce biomass for feeding. Research by Research Centre for Limnology (RCL), Indonesian Institute of Sciences, using eutrophic lake water to grow minute duckweed (Lemna perpusilla Torr) has shown that the plant was able to grow while absorbing nutrients from the water. At the same time, cultivating the plant in an enclosed recirculated water pond enhanced double functions of water phytoremediation and biomass production for feed. It is also environmentally sound, as it could save water as much as 85 % as well as producing oxygen and uptake carbon dioxide, while the produced biomass can be used for additional feed to increase the pond productivity and efficiency. This study showed that phytotechnology is a reliable tool to remediate lake water eutrophication.
Comparative study between aluminium sulphate and Lemna perpusilla as coagulants for water treatment: case study Lake Cibuntu, West Java
Authors: Prihatinningtyas E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Coagulation is a key process in water treatment. The ability of two coagulants, aluminium sulphate (alum) as inorganic coagulant and Lemna perpusilla as natural coagulant was assessed using standard jar test measurement. Both coagulants were evaluated with turbidity, Total Organic Matter (TOM) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) parameters. The results showed that both coagulants were able to remove 100 % of water turbidity with initial turbidity 13.56 NTU. However increasing the coagulants doses, also will increase the concentration of TSS. The use of alum and L. perpusilla as a coagulant will increase concentration of TSS by 12.68% and 252.11% respectively. Application of alum tends to reduce the concentration of TOM by 20.25%, while L. perpusilla will actually increase the concentration of TOM by 74.85%. Although not as effective as alum, L. perpusilla showed sufficient removal capability for treatment of turbid waters from Cibuntu Lake. The optimum dose of L. perpusilla should be considered to minimize side effects on produced water such as increasing TOM and TSS concentration.
Performance of IPAG60 for the treatment of turbid water from Lake Cibuntu, Cibinong
Authors: Sutapa I D A , Prihatinningtyas E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Water is the main need of all beings. People need water to fulfil their daily needs such as drinking, bathing, washing and other sanitation activities. The more population, the more activities that require water, so the greater the need for clean and or drinking water. Indonesian people require an average of 144 L/day/person of water. The level of clean water services in various regions in Indonesia is still relatively low, 45.85% in average, especially in the marginal area. Most of the water treatment plant in marginal areas cannot produce viable clean/drinking water, both in quality and quantity. Lake Cibuntu is a small artificial lake located in the Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong. It used as raw water for Peat Water Treatment Plant (IPAG60) and whose all measured parameters close to the required standard of the Regulation of Ministry of Health No 492/2010. This study aims to determine the performance of IPAG60 in treating water from Lake Cibuntu into clean water based on physical, chemical and biological parameters. Results showed that the quality of producing water meets the standards. The performance of efficiency achieved is 95% and can be maintained for 3 months of operations. Comparative studies between producing water from IPAG60 and local water company (PDAM) showed that the production water of IPAG60 has better quality. In case of water color, produced water from IPAG60 has a color level of 4 NTU, while tap water from PDAM has a color level of 11 NTU.