bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Simulation for Pedestrian Flows with HyDEFS
Authors: Klamroth Kathrin , Lang Bruno , Seyfried Armin , Stiglmayr Michael 
Published: March 2020

The reliable simulation of pedestrian movement is an essential tool for the security aware design and analysis of buildings and infrastructure. We developed HyDEFS, an event-driven dynamic flow simulation software which is designed to simulate pedestrian movement depending on varying routing decisions of the individual users and varying constraints. HyDEFS uses given density depending velocities to model congestions and evaluates flow distributions with respect to average and maximum travel time. This is of particular importance when considering evacuation scenarios. We apply HyDEFS on two small networks and cross validate its results by time-discrete and time-continuous calculations.
The Effects of Aleatory Variabilities of Seismicity on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment
Authors: Ran Hongliu 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAleatory variability is the natural randomness in a process and can affect probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). In this study, considering a simple case of a square areal source zone, I employ Monte Carlo methods to estimate aleatory uncertainties due to random variations in temporal, spatial, and magnitude distribution of seismicity within the zone for PSHA. The results show that (1) uncertainty from aleatory variability in PSHA is significant for areas with low-seismic activity, (2) the ratio of the 85th to 15th percentiles of peak ground acceleration (PGA) decreases as the occurrence rate increases, and (3) accounting for random variations in seismic parameters changes the estimated PGA by more than 10%. My analysis applies to the case in which there are fewer than 10 earthquakes over 50 yr, the site is located outside of the areal source, and b≥1.0. This situation should be considered in PSHA due to the cutoff effect of the magnitude lower limit. In addition, the sensitivity analysis shows that random variations in earthquake magnitude distribution are the largest contributor to aleatory uncertainty in most cases.
¿Son válidos los métodos manuales modificados para determinar la Velocidad de Eritrosedimentación Globular (VSG) en laboratorios clínicos?
Authors: Payán González Andrey , Jurado Orejuela Diana Maritza , Garzón Lancheros Luz Myriam 
Published: March 2020

Se evaluó estadísticamente la validez de cuatro métodos para determinar la Velocidad de Eritrosedimentación Globular (VSG) alternos al de Westergren, el que se tomó como “gold standard”. Los métodos evaluados fueron Wintrobe (WB), Wintrobe inclinado (WI) a 45° y dos micrométodos capilares, uno vertical (MM) y otro inclinado a 45° (MMI). Se procesaron 419 muestras por los cinco métodos. Se evaluó la concordancia (C), la sensibilidad (S), especificidad (E), valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y valor predictivo negativo (VPN). Los resultados de S, E, VPP, VPN y C fueron: 93,8%, 93,6, 98,8%, 72,8% y 71% en el de WB; 86,3%, 85,7%, 97,2%, 52,4% y 54% en el de WI; 94,6%, 66,6%, 94,1%, 71,4% y 54% para MM y 91,9%, 72,4%, 94,8%, 60,8% y 55% para MMI. El índice kappa mostró una concordancia “buena” entre el método de Westergren y el método de Wintrobe y “moderada” con los métodos de WBI, MM y MMI. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran que el método de Wintrobe es confiable para su uso en el laboratorio clínico comparado con el de Westergreen.
KALİTELİ FİNANSAL RAPORLAMADA MUHASEBE MESLEK ETİĞİNİN ÖNEMİ
Authors: Celayir Duygu 
Published: March 2020

Muhasebe
mesleğinde etik; yasa ve düzenlemelere uygun olarak işlemlerin
gerçekleştirilmesi ve bununla birlikte toplumsal değer yargılarının da dikkate
alınarak topluma/bilgi kullanıcılarına doğru ve güvenilir bilgilerin
sunulmasıdır. Finansal raporlardan elde
edilen bilgiler; işletme sahipleri, yöneticiler, çalışanlar, yatırımcılar,
kredi verenler, devlet gibi pek çok paydaşı ilgilendirdiğinden dolayı, muhasebe
mesleğinde etik değerler, diğer meslek gruplarına göre oldukça önemlidir. Finansal raporlamanın temel amacı,
bilgi kullanıcılarına bir işletme ile ilgili verecekleri kararlarda yardımcı
olmaktır. Bu nedenle finansal raporlama, finansal tabloları da kapsayan,
işletme ile ilgili paydaşlara bilgi veren araçlardır. İşletmenin finansal
durumu ile ilgili bilgi sahibi olmak isteyen paydaşlara doğru, güvenilir ve
tarafsız bilgilerin sunulması önem taşımaktadır. Meslekte
etik olmayan davranışların ortaya koyduğu sonuçlar, etiğin önemini
vurgulamaktadır. Yaşanan şirket skandalları ve iflaslar, yatırımcıların
kayıpları, toplum güveninin azalması ekonomiye de zarar vermektedir. Bu
bağlamda mesleğin tüm paydaşların yararına olacak biçimde etik değerler dikkate
alınarak yapılması gerekir. Finansal raporlarda yapılan
hile ve manipülasyonların, karar alıcıların önemli bir bölümünü etkilediği
unutulmamalıdır.
Bu bağlamda, finansal raporlamanın amacına ulaşması için finansal bilgi
kullanıcılarının ihtiyaç duydukları bilgileri karşılaması gerekmektedir.
Gerçeğe uygun, kaliteli ve güvenilir finansal raporlama, işletmeyle ilgili hata
ve hile şüphelerini ortadan kaldıracağı gibi bilgi kullanıcıları açısından da
güven ortamı sağlayacak ve menfaatlerinin korunmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, muhasebe ve denetim mesleğinde
etik kavramı açıklanmış ve meslek mensuplarının uymaları gereken etik
düzenlemelere yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca, finansal raporlama ve etik ilişkisine
yer verilerek, kaliteli finansal raporlamada meslek etiğinin önemi üzerinde
durulmuştur.
Ocular biometric characteristics of chronic angle closure glaucoma in a South Indian population: A comparative study with normal subjects
Authors: V Krishnankutty Saritha , K Madhavan Padmasree , Narayani Vijayamma 
Published: March 2020

To compare ocular biometric features of chronic angle closure glaucoma patients with normal subjects. 35 chronic angle closure glaucoma patients (group A) were compared with 35 normal subjects (group B). Chronic angle closure glaucoma was diagnosed in eyes with peripheral anterior synechiae [PAS] of &#62; 270 degrees with a chronically elevated IOP with disc and field changes. Patients with history of intraocular surgeries or trauma, secondary angle closure, active keratitis or corneal opacities, previous history of Nd Yag laser peripheral iridotomy and those on miotic drops were excluded. Contact ultrasonic biometry was used for measuring ocular biometric parameters like axial length, AC depth, and lens thickness. LAF and RLP were calculated. Statistical analysis: Chi-square test and Independent sample t-test as applicable. Mean age, gender distribution and axial length measurements in both the groups were comparable. Lens thickness and LAF were significantly higher in Group A (p &#60;0.001) whereas AC depth, keratometry and RLP were significantly lower in group A. Pachymetry, best corrected visual acuity and spherical equivalents were comparable in both groups. It is concluded that the mechanism of chronic angle closure glaucoma can be explained by the ocular biometric parameters with possibility of some additional factors like variations in the iris thickness/ insertion.
Evaluation of macula in high myopic fundus using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Bhavsar Hemali , Solu Trupti , Patel Isha , Korat Drashti , Mavani Jainika 
Published: March 2020

: High myopia is a risk factor for a number of retinal pathologies. OCT is very useful in eyes with high myopia and allows the detection of subtle macular changes that are otherwise undetectable.To evaluate relationship between the axial length, refractive error and macular thickness in subjects with high myopia.Cross sectional observational single centric study. 50 diagnosed patients of high myopia(refractive error&#62;= -6 dioptres and/or axial length&#62;=24 mm) along with a control of 50 emmetropic patients were included. Patient’s anterior segment evaluation was done by slit lamp. Detailed fundus evaluation was done with indirect ophthalmoscopy and with +78 Dioptre lens along with measuring BCVA (Best corrected Visual Acuity). Axial length was measured using contact biometry. OCT was performed with TOPCON SD-OCT. Average macular thickness, central foveal thickness and total macular volume measured using 3D macula scan of all the cases and controls. Unpaired t test.The mean axial length was 27.40 mm among cases (SD±0.99) and 22.84 mm among controls (SD±0.422). The mean macular volume in cases was 6.90 and in controls was 7.82. The macular volume decreased with increasing axial length (ρ=-0.673) and increasing spherical equivalent (ρ=-0.035). The average macular thickness was inversely correlated with axial length (ρ=-0.605) and directly correlated with spherical equivalent (ρ=-0.049).The mean central subfield foveal thickness was 170.10 µm amongcases and 158.34µm among controls. The axial length and central foveal thickness were found to be positively correlated (ρ=0.727).Average macular thickness and total macular volume are inversely correlated to the degree of myopia, whereas central foveal thickness is positively correlated to the degree of myopia.
Office investigations for myasthenia gravis: comparative analysis
Authors: R Lavanya S , Padmavathy  , Ramakrishnan  
Published: March 2020

The purpose was to study the diagnostic yield of the various tests including lid fatigue test, Cogan twitch, Rest test, Ice test and Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) study in clinically diagnosed myasthenic patients. A prospective study of newly diagnosed myasthenic patients was done at tertiary eye - care centre. Totally, 58 patients underwent tests for the confirmation of myasthenia gravis. Fishers Exact test was used for comparative analysis. Average age of presentation was 44.13 years. Number of male and female were 33 (56.9%) and 25 (43.1%). 8 (13.8%) patients were under the age of 15 years. Variability was observed in 47/58 (81.04%) patients and Fatigue was seen in 40 /58(68.97%) patients. Cogan twitch was observed in 28/58(48.28%) patients. Sensitivity of Rest test was 50%. Sensitivity of Ice test was 72.4%. Ice test positivity was 90% (9/10) in mild, 75% (21/28) in moderate, 68.75% (11/16) in severe ptosis indicating that increasing severity decreases the sensitivity. Sensitivity of combined Rest test and ice test was 90 %. Sensitivity of RNS study was 90%. The difference between the RNS study and Ice test was not statistically significant (p- 0.583). However RNS study showed higher percentage of positivity. Ice test is more sensitive than rest test. Rest test and Ice test are simple, cost benefit bed side tests when combined, have sensitivity equivalent to RNS study. However RNS study is the gold standard confirmatory test.
A study to compare outcome of anterior flap suturing versus double flap anastamosis in external dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Damle Vasudha , Chand Agarwal Prakash 
Published: March 2020

To compare the results of anterior flap suturing with excision of posterior flaps and both anterior & posterior flaps suturing in external DCRTotal 46 patients were divided into 2 groups, 23 in each. In Group A cases with anterior flap anastamosis were included and in group B cases with double flap suturing were included. Comparison was done in terms of ease of procedure, total surgical time, recurrence and success rate. Mean surgical time was evaluated in both the groups. Mean age in years was 53.56 ± 7.19. Suturing the flaps was found convenient and easy in Group A (91.30%) in comparison to group B (13.04%). Total mean surgical time was 55.09 ± 3.96 minutes. In Group A it was 51.43 ± 0.99 minutes and in group B it was 58.74 ± 1.78 minutes. In Group A mean surgical time was less in comparison to group B and it was statistically highly significant. Success rate assessed by patent syringing, was 91.30% in Group A and 95.65% in Group B. Only anterior flap suturing with trimming of posterior flaps in comparison to double flap anastamosis makes external DCR an easy and less time consuming procedure.
The clinical profile and aetiological pattern of anterior uveitis- A hospital based study
Authors: Shanthaveerappa Prathibha , Tegginamatha Nithisha , Parappallil Remya 
Published: March 2020

Uveitis is a group of complex inflammatory disorder of the uveal tract with diverse aetiology. The most common formis anterioruveitis affecting the iris and pars plicata of the ciliary body which can lead to severe vision threatening complications if not treated appropriately. 1. To study the incidence, modes of presentation and etiological patternof anterior uveitis. 2. To evaluate the treatment, its outcome and the complications that could occur over the study period. A prospective cross sectional clinical study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology in 30 patients who were clinically diagnosed with anterior uveitis over a period of one year. All the patients underwent adetailed ophthalmic evaluation and relevant laboratory investigations. They were givenappropriate treatment according to the cause and the clinical clues and were also followed up for anycomplication during the study period. Anterior uveitis occurred most commonly in the 41 to 50 years age group. Majority of the cases had nongranulomatous inflammation (86%) but aetiology remained unknown in 30% of the cases. Herpetic infection (16%) was the commonest cause followed by phacolyticuveitis and tuberculosis. Most cases responded favourably to medical management. A balanced view of the disease needs to be taken while investigating and treating anterior uveitis. A thorough history and physical examination is required in each case to facilitate a final diagnosis. A timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment however can improve visual outcome.
Role of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in HIV associated macular edema: A retrospective clinical trial
Authors: Bala Bivas , Sadhukhan Kaushik 
Published: March 2020

To investigate the role of intravitreal sustained release dexamethasone implant in AIDS associated macular edema.This hospital based retrospective interventional study (nonrandomized) was conducted in Malda Medical College, West Bengal, India from September 2017 to august 2019 where 18 eyes of 18 patients with HIV were included. After proper history taking and required investigations, intravitreal sustained release dexamethasone implant was injected to each patient in respective eye under topical anaesthesia with strict aseptic measures and utmost care. Institutional clearance and written informed consent from each patient were taken before the procedure. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and central macular thickness (CMT) evaluation by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed at baseline and after 1 month, 3 months, 6 months of injection. The data obtained then were put for paired t test using SPSS software.All patients had shown improvement in terms of BCVA as well as reduction of central macular thickness (CMT). 12 patients had increased IOP at first visit for which topical anti glaucoma drugs were prescribed and on subsequent visits their IOP were under control. Intravitreal sustained release dexamethasone implant is a good option to tackle macular edema in HIV infected patients.
Vitiligo Iridis: A case report
Authors: Garg Pragati , Gupta Aditi , Raj Priyanka 
Published: March 2020

To report an unusual case of vitiligo iridis.We examined a 55 year old woman attending our OPD with diminution of vision. Upon examination, we found multiple greyish-white circular spots on the anterior surface of the iris with punched out margins in the left eye. She also had a history of small pox in the past.Vitiligo iridis is a rare sequelae of Variola (small pox) infection. There are a few causes like surgical trauma, chronic iridocyclitis, chronic glaucoma, etc., which can cause iris atrophic patches but Variola infection is the most common cause of vitiligo iridis presenting with focal areas of iris atrophy.Even though the small pox has been eradicated, the patients of the elderly age group might present with the incidental findings of vitiligo iridis, which may or may not be associated with elevated intraocular pressure. Vitiligo iridis can present as a complication of a number of conditions. Hence, finding out the probable cause becomes of great importance to help prevent misdiagnosis as an unrelated cause of focal or multifocal iris atrophy. This can in turn help further management of the underlying cause.
Bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement in a patient with thyroid orbitopathy
Authors: Narayana-swamy Nagalakshmi , Farhath Tasneem Alhaj 
Published: March 2020

: Thyroid Orbitopathy is a condition associated with thyroid dysfunction. In addition to exophthalmos, eyelid retraction, eyelid oedema, restrictive extra-ocular myopathy, lacrimal gland enlargement can also be observed in these patients. However thyroid orbitopathy is not usually been considered in the differential diagnosis of cases of isolated lacrimal gland enlargement. An elderly male patient at our institution presented with bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement as the clinical or radiologic sign and was later diagnosed as thyroid orbitopathy. Computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits were obtained and demonstrated isolated lacrimal gland enlargement with enlargement of lateral rectus and inferior rectus. A case of bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement found in a patient with thyroid orbitopathy was noted. Patient was investigated and kept on follow up.: This case represents, enlargement of lacrimal gland as a presenting sign of thyroid orbitopathy. Further clinical and radiological studies are essential for a better understanding of the timing of lacrimal gland involvement. In such patients presenting with lacrimal gland enlargement, thyroid orbitopathy should be strongly considere d in the differential diagnosis in addition to causes such as of dacryo-adenitis and neoplasms.
Code-switching: The case of “Israeli Arab” students at the Arab American University-Palestine
Authors: Zaid Mohammad Salah 
Published: March 2020

This study aims at shedding the light on the factors lying behind switching to Hebrew, represented with age, gender, work history and place of residence the phenomenon of code-switching between Hebrew-Arabic among Israeli Arab students at the Arab American University in Palestine. It also studies how code-switching may affect the Palestinian identity of those students. The sample of this study is twofold. The first was conducted quantitatively through randomly selecting 70 Israeli Arabs to answer an 18-item questionnaire. The findings were statistically analysed using SSPS, showing the frequencies, values, means and standard deviation which were analysed using content analysis. Also, the reliability of the paper was tested using the Cronbach Alpha formula of which the reliability coefficient was accepted and satisfied at (0.70). The researcher also conducted a qualitative approach through interviewing six students, analysed using conversational discourse analysis. The study reveals that both age and place of residence were significantly different and affected the choice of Hebrew.
Keywords: Code-switching, identity, Israeli Arabs
DISTINGUISHING REGURGITALITES AND COPROLITES: A CASE STUDY USING A TRIASSIC BROMALITE WITH SOFT TISSUE OF THE PSEUDOSUCHIAN ARCHOSAUR REVUELTOSAURUS
Authors: GORDON CALEB M. , ROACH BRIAN T. , PARKER WILLIAM G. , BRIGGS DEREK E. G. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTRegurgitalites (fossilized regurgitates) can provide insight into the behavioral ecology and physiology of extinct species but they are rarely reported because they are difficult to identify and distinguish from coprolites. A compact mass of skeletal material from the Owl Rock Member of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of Arizona reveals features that identify it as a regurgitalite. Characteristics of the teeth and osteoderms in the specimen indicate that these remains belong to the pseudosuchian archosaur Revueltosaurus. Chemical and microstructural analysis revealed a dearth of gastric etching, the preservation of muscle fibers, and the absence of a phosphatic matrix, indicating that this bone mass is a regurgitalite and not a coprolite. It was probably produced by a phytosaur, rauisuchid, or temnospondyl, all of which occur in the Owl Rock Member. We offer an identification key to assist in distinguishing between different types of digestive remains produced by vertebrate carnivores.
Design and Analysis of a New Profile Control Tool: Swirling Autonomous Inflow-Control Device
Authors: Yang Mingjun , Wu Xinyuan , Yue Yingchun , Zhang Ying , Chen Ye , Tang Yufeng 
Published: March 2020

Summary
Edge/bottomwater cresting or even breaking into the wellbore has been a major factor affecting crude-oil production and has not been overcome so far. Aiming at this problem, this paper designs a new autonomous inflow-control device (AICD) profile control tool—swirling AICD—on the basis of the research of profile control tools used in the past. The AICD is mainly based on the principle of automatic phase separation, the splitting of three-way pipes, and the principle of vortex depressurization. Combined with the special flow path, the production of edge/bottomwater can be effectively restrained. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation and indoor flow experiments are used to prove the water-control function of the swirling AICD, to obtain the pressure and velocity distribution of fluid flow in the AICD, and to obtain the influencing factors and their influence rules. Based on these analyses, we established the swirling AICD mathematical model, which has laid a theoretical foundation for the application of swirling AICDs in wells.
A preliminary assessment of vital-signs-integrated patient-assisted intravenous opioid analgesia (VPIA) for postsurgical pain: a case series
Authors: SNG Ban Leong , Tan Daryl Jian'an , TAN Chin Wen , HAN Nian-Lin Reena , SULTANA Rehena , SIA Alex Tiong Heng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background We developed a Vital-signs-integrated Patient-assisted Intravenous opioid Analgesia (VPIA) analgesic infusion pump, a closed-loop vital signs monitoring and drug delivery system which embodied in a novel algorithm that took into account patients’ vital signs (oxygen saturation, heart rate). The system aimed to allow responsive titration of personalized pain relief to optimize pain relief and reduce the risk of respiratory depression. Moreover, the system would be important to enable continuous monitoring of patients during delivery of opioid analgesia. Methods Nineteen patients who underwent elective gynecological surgery with postoperative patient controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine were recruited. The subjects were followed up from their admission to the recovery room/ ward for at least 24 hours until assessment of patient satisfaction on the VPIA analgesic infusion pump. Results The primary outcome measure of incidence of oxygen desaturation showed all patients had at least one episode of oxygen desaturation (<95%) during the study period. Only 6 (31.6%) patients had oxygen desaturation that persisted for more than 5 minutes. The median percentage time during treatment that oxygen saturation fell below 95% was 1.9%. Fourteen (73.7%) out of 19 patients encountered safety pause, due to transient oxygen desaturation or bradycardia. The patients’ median [IQR] pain scores at rest and at movement after post-op 24 hours were 0.0 [2.0] and 3.0 [2.0], respectively. The average morphine consumption in the first 24 hours was 12.5 ± 7.1mg. All patients were satisfied with their experience with the VPIA analgesic infusion pump. Conclusions The use of VPIA analgesic infusion pump, when integrated with continuous vital sign monitor and variable lockout algorithm, was able to provide pain relief with good patient satisfaction.