bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding during the first 3 days after birth other than breast milk is associated with early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Raihan Mohammad Jyoti , Choudhury Nuzhat , Haque Md Ahshanul , Farzana Fahmida Dil , Ali Mohammad , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractExclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has significant effect on morbidity and mortality. EBF is established when breastmilk alone is exclusively fed from birth until 6 months of age. However, feeding during the first 3 days after birth is often ignored for various reasons. We aimed to assess the role of feeding during the first 3 days in respect of early cessation of EBF. Data of 1,040 children aged under 6 months was derived from the baseline survey of Suchana, a large‐scale nutrition program, conducted in Sylhet, Bangladesh, and subsequently analysed. Guidelines established by World Health Organization were used to define EBF and feeding during the first 3 days. The strength of the association between feeding during the first 3 days and early cessation of EBF was established using multiple logistic regression after adjusting for other covariates. Among all children, around 62% and 13% were exclusively breastfed and were fed something other than breastmilk within the first 3 days of birth, respectively. Feeding during the first 3 days was independently and significantly associated with early cessation of breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [1.31, 2.88], p = .001). Less than four antenatal care (ANC) visits, increased child's age and increased household size were also independently associated with early cessation of EBF. Feeding during the first 3 days of birth is a significant predictor of early cessation of EBF. Simple counselling activities to discourage feeding anything within the first few days of birth may increase the prevalence of EBF in rural Bangladesh without investing additional resources.
A critical evaluation of topology optimization results for strut‐and‐tie modeling of reinforced concrete
Authors: Xia Yi , Langelaar Matthijs , Hendriks Max A.N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDefining a suitable truss model is one of the most important steps of applying the strut‐and‐tie modeling (STM) method to design D‐regions in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The truss model is a discrete representation of the stress field developed within a region of a concrete element. Topology optimization (TO) methods have been investigated by researchers for about two decades to generate suitable models for the STM method. Several truss models and numerous continuum TO results that could serve as an inspiration for suitable truss models have been proposed. However, limited attention has been paid to the evaluation of various TO results in the perspective of the STM method. As a result, it is at present unclear to what extent TO results offer a benefit for STM modeling, and which method should be preferred. In order to address this gap, an automatic and objective evaluation procedure is proposed in this paper. First, a TO result extraction method is proposed to systematically convert optimized topologies to truss‐like structures. Next, based on the extracted structures, three evaluation measures are formulated to evaluate TO results. These measures indicate whether an analyzable truss model could be extracted, to which extent tensile stress regions are covered by tensile ties and how economical the design will be. The effectiveness of the proposed evaluation procedure is validated using known STM solutions. Subsequently, the evaluation procedure is applied to 23 TO results from the literature, covering three different design problems. Most TO results show a good performance in covering tensile regions and would result in economical designs, and some undesired topologies are also identified by the evaluation method. Nevertheless, the use of continuum TO is most hampered by difficulties in identifying a suitable truss from the TO results.
Foetal and childhood exposure to famine and the risks of cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Hidayat Khemayanto , Du Xuan , Shi Bi‐Min , Qin Li‐Qiang 
Published: February 2020

SummaryA systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies was performed to provide a deeper understanding of the associations between foetal and childhood exposure to famine and the risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, obesity, overweight, coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adulthood. Both foetal and childhood exposure to famine were positively associated with the risks of T2DM (foetal exposure: RR 1.37, 95% CI, 1.23‐1.52; childhood exposure: RR 1.33, 95% CI, 1.08‐1.64), metabolic syndrome (RR 1.26, 95% CI, 1.07‐1.50; RR 1.24, 95% CI, 1.13‐1.35), hypertension (RR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.07‐1.57; RR 1.33, 95% CI, 1.02‐1.74), hyperglycaemia (RR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.11‐1.45; RR 1.25, 95% CI, 1.10‐1.42), dyslipidaemia (RR 1.48, 95% CI, 1.33‐1.66; RR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.12‐1.45), obesity (RR 1.19, 95% CI, 1.02‐1.39; RR 1.13, 95% CI, 1.00‐1.28), overweight (RR 1.17, 95% CI, 1.07‐1.29; RR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.00‐1.14), coronary heart disease (RR 1.22, 95% CI, 1.00‐1.51; RR 1.21, 95% CI, 1.09‐1.35), and moderate‐to‐severe NAFLD (RR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.07‐2.57; RR 1.68, 95% CI, 1.41‐1.99) in adulthood. No association was observed for the risks of stroke or mild NAFLD. Adjustments for age, alcohol, smoking, body mass index, and physical activity nullified some associations. The associations were generally stronger in women than in men. In summary, foetal and childhood exposure to famine may confer greater risks of developing certain cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood, particularly in women. The extent to which risks for cardiometabolic conditions are associated with early‐life famine appears to be determined by certain factors in adulthood.
What words should we use to talk about weight? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies examining preferences for weight‐related terminology
Authors: Puhl Rebecca M. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryEvidence of weight stigma and its harmful consequences have led to increased attention to the words that are used to talk about obesity and body weight, including calls for efforts to carefully consider weight‐related terminology and promote respectful language in the obesity and medical fields. Despite increased research studies examining people's preferences for specific words that describe body weight, there has been no systematic review to synthesize existing evidence on perceptions of and preferences for weight‐related terminology. To address this gap, the current systematic review identified 33 studies (23 quantitative, 10 qualitative) that examined people's preferences for weight‐related terminology in the current research literature (from 1999 to 2019). Across studies, findings generally suggest that neutral terminology (eg, “weight” or “unhealthy weight”) is preferred and that words like “obese” and “fat” are least acceptable, particularly in provider‐patient conversations about weight. However, individual variation in language preferences is evident across demographic characteristics like race/ethnicity, gender, and weight status. Of priority is future research that can improve upon the limited diversity of the existing literature, both with respect to sample diversity and the use of culturally relevant weight‐related terminology, which is currently lacking in measurement. Implications for patient‐provider communication and public health communication are discussed.
Network analysis of the depressive symptom profiles in Asian patients with depressive disorders: Findings from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants (REAP‐AD)
Authors: Park Seon‐Cheol , Jang Eun Young , Xiang Yu‐Tao , Kanba Shigenobu , Kato Takahiro A. , Chong Mian‐Yoon , Lin Shih‐Ku , Yang Shu‐Yu , Avasthi Ajit , Grover Sandeep , Kallivayalil Roy A. , Udomratn Pichet , Chee Kok Yoon , Tanra Andi J. , Tan Chay‐Hoon , Sim Kang , Sartorius Norman , Park Yong Chon , Shinfuku Naotaka 
Published: February 2020

AimWe aimed to estimate the network structures of depressive symptoms using network analysis and evaluated the geographic regional differences in theses network structures among Asian patients with depressive disorders.MethodsUsing data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants (REAP‐AD), the network of the ICD‐10 diagnostic criteria for depressive episode was estimated from 1174 Asian patients with depressive disorders. The node strength centrality of all ICD‐10 diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode was estimated using a community‐detection algorithm. In addition, networks of depressive symptoms were estimated separately among East Asian patients and South or Southeast Asian patients. Moreover, networks were estimated separately among Asian patients from high‐income countries and those from middle‐income countries.ResultsPersistent sadness, fatigue, and loss of interest were the most centrally situated within the network of depressive symptoms in Asian patients with depressive disorders overall. A community‐detection algorithm estimated that when excluding psychomotor disturbance as an outlier, the other nine symptoms formed the largest clinically meaningful cluster. Geographic and economic variations in networks of depressive symptoms were evaluated.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that the typical symptoms of the ICD‐10 diagnostic criteria for depressive episode are the most centrally situated within the network of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, our findings suggested that cultural influences related to geographic and economic distributions of participants could influence the estimated depressive symptom network in Asian patients with depressive disorders.
Integrating Minority Stress Theory and the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide among Sexual Minority Youth Who Engage Crisis Services
Authors: Fulginiti Anthony , Goldbach Jeremy T. , Mamey Mary Rose , Rusow Joshua , Srivastava Ankur , Rhoades Harmony , Schrager Sheree M. , Bond David W. , Marshal Michael P. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveThe present study sought to integrate minority stress theory (MST) and the interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) to better understand high rates of suicide among sexual minority youth (SMY). To date, the ITS and MST have largely advanced independently from one another even though the research base for each theory contains gaps that the other theory may help fill.MethodUsing data from a national sample of 564 SMY (aged 12–24) recruited from an LGBTQ youth‐focused suicide crisis prevention provider, we examined structural equation models to understand how perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness mediate the relationship between minority stress and suicidal ideation and attempt.ResultsSexual minority stress was significantly associated with both perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness in models predicting suicidal ideation and attempt. Moreover, minority stress had a direct effect on suicide attempt and an indirect effect on both suicidal ideation and suicide attempt through burdensomeness.ConclusionsGiven that minority stress is associated with greater thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and suicide attempts, there should be greater demand for continuing education centered on sexual minority populations and population‐specific services. Identifying burdensomeness as a minority stress–suicide mechanism highlights the potential gains of piloting recently developed burdensomeness interventions among SMY.
Examining and developing fourth grade children’s area estimation performance
Authors: Eames Cheryl L. , Barrett Jeffrey E. , Cullen Craig J. , Rutherford George , Klanderman David , Clements Douglas H. , Sarama Julie , Van Dine Douglas W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study explored children’s area estimation performance. Two groups of fourth grade children completed area estimation tasks with rectangles ranging from 5 to 200 square units. A randomly assigned treatment group completed instructional sessions that involved a conceptual area measurement strategy along with numerical feedback. Children tended to underestimate areas of rectangles. Furthermore, rectangle size was related to performance such that estimation error and variability increased as rectangle size increased. The treatment group exhibited significantly improved area estimation performance in terms of accuracy, as well as reduced variability and instances of extreme responses. Area measurement estimation findings are related to a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory for area measurement.
A review of research on science instruction for students with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Taylor Jonte' C. , Rizzo Karen L. , Hwang Jiwon , Hill Doris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUnderstanding science concepts and phenomena is important for an increasingly complex global society. For students with disabilities, there continue to be huge achievement disparities in science achievement when compared to their peers without disabilities. This includes students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study examines and analyzes published research on science and science‐related achievement for students with ASD. The authors reviewed characteristics of the research related to science achievement for students with ASD from 2000 through 2018 and analyzed included data to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions included in the studies. Implications for research and teaching are discussed.
Conceptualizations of slope in Mexican intended curriculum
Authors: Dolores Flores Crisólogo , Rivera López Martha Iris , Moore‐Russo Deborah 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSlope is a fundamental mathematics concept in middle and high school that transcends to the university level. An understanding of slope is needed at the university level since slope plays an important role in understanding problems involving variation and change. In this study Mexican curricula documents were examined to determine which conceptualizations of slope are addressed in the intended mathematics curriculum. To explain the results, we use conceptualizations of slope identified in previous research. Our findings reveal that, to a certain extent, the conceptualizations proposed in the Mexican intended mathematics curriculum differ slightly in terms of the emphasis and timing of instruction from what others have identified in the U.S., with slope as a geometric ratio receiving less emphasis in the Mexican curriculum. There was also noted discontinuity within the Mexican curriculum in introducing slope in grade 9 and subsequently introducing of linear functions in grade 10 without explicit mention of slope. Suggestions are made for future studies, both to consider the conceptualizations of slope promoted in the Mexican textbooks and the impact they have in classroom instruction and student learning of slope.
Chorophorics in the Aquilan Dialect
Authors: Ursini Francesco‐Alessio , Long Haiping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article outlines the properties of chorophorics (“spatial pronouns”) in the Italian dialect Aquilan. It is shown that chorophorics (e.g.pe'nfronte‘to in front (of the ground)’) display similar morphological properties to spatial prepositions (e.g.‘nfronte alla machina‘in front of the car’). However, they differ in their syntactic distribution and their semantic interpretation in intra‐ and inter‐clausal structures, because of their anaphoric nature. An outline of the data is offered, and an analysis of chorophorics’ lexical and anaphoric potentials is defined via a minimal fragment of Discourse Representation Theory combined with a Lexical Syntax account. The article also offers general considerations on the nature of chorophorics and the relevance of dialectal data on cross‐linguistic research.
Implicit Bias and Discrimination
Authors: Berndt Rasmussen Katharina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecent social‐psychological research suggests that a considerable amount of, for example, racial and gendered discrimination may be connected to implicit biases: mental processes beyond our direct control or endorsement, that influence our behaviour toward members of socially salient groups. In this article I seek to improve our understanding of the phenomenon of implicit bias, including its moral status, by examining it through the lens of a theory of discrimination. In doing so, I also suggest ways to improve this theory of discrimination, by creating conceptual space for implicit bias discrimination. I explore two ways of distinguishing direct and indirect discrimination and spell out the resulting four different forms of discrimination. The resulting taxonomy provides some room for implicit bias discrimination. I also deal with four challenges to my proposal for capturing implicit bias within discrimination theory: the metaphysical challenge, the moral insignificance challenge, the causal connection challenge, and the challenge from irreducibly collective bias.
Reweaving urban water‐community relations: Creative, participatory river “daylighting” and local hydrocitizenship
Authors: McEwen Lindsey , Gorell Barnes Luci , Phillips Katherine , Biggs Iain 
Published: February 2020

Framed by questions about “hydrocitizenship” in the 21st century, this co‐produced, interdisciplinary arts and humanities‐centred research explores the (re)weaving of local knowledges, experiences, perceptions, and values of water and place through the concept, process, and practice of “daylighting hidden rivers.” Located at the nexus of three theoretical frames – “participation,” “hydrocitizenship,” and “daylighting,” it engages reflexively with strong and weak “hydrocitizenship” and with paradigms of ‘daylighting.’ Working with diverse communities and organisations in South Bristol (UK), this eco‐social research project discovered community concerns and needs, and positioned itself in relation to these in co‐production. This involved older people, children, and professional stakeholders in a place‐specific, “catchment” setting, using novel arts‐led, creative, narrative mapping processes. We critically examined the value, opportunities, and tensions of this multi‐method approach to people's past, present, and future connections and relationships with their local (water) environment, their senses of self and community. Our iterative processes of seeking out “lesser heard” voices were conceived and played out around a braided cascade of “openings”: emerging, connecting, enacting, imagining, and reflecting. Thinking critically about our oblique, emergent processes, we identify 15 “top tips” concerning the creative participatory daylighting of lay knowledges and values, and “river visioning.” These can inform co‐working with communities to enable and empower citizen engagement with places and local water issues for resilient futures. Our findings contribute new understandings of “hydrocitizenship” and creative participatory “daylighting” in combination, when urban spaces are construed as “water cities,” cascading both water and narratives. Importantly, our co‐production processes with lesser heard groups also exemplify “higher‐order participation” in co‐visioning resilient futures, with all the messiness, complexity, and conflicts exposed.
The impact of single windows on trade
Authors: Martínez‐Zarzoso Inmaculada , Chelala Santiago 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper is the first that quantifies the impact of single windows (SWs) on international trade globally. SWs function as a single point of entry and exit of the goods traded internationally and are therefore intended to facilitate trade. Using a structural gravity model for a panel of 176 countries from 1995 to 2017, we apply a log–log and a Poisson pseudo‐maximum‐likelihood estimator (PPML) with multidimensional fixed effects to evaluate the extent to which export and import flows vary depending on whether or not countries have operational SWs. The main results from the linearised gravity model suggest that total trade between two countries with functioning SWs increases by about 37%, of which 23 corresponds to exports and 14 to imports. The result from the PPML estimation also indicates a positive and significant effect, which is however much smaller in magnitude.
Impact of radiation dose and pre‐treatment pain levels on survival in dogs undergoing radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for presumed extremity osteosarcoma
Authors: Nolan Michael W. , Green Noah A. , DiVito Elizabeth M. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Haney Siobhan M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this bi‐institutional retrospective study was to determine whether survival for dogs with extremity osteosarcoma (OS) is improved through the use of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT; a single fraction of 25 Gy, or 36 Gy total given in three consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy, vs lower dose conventionally planned and delivered hypofractionated radiotherapy (CHRT; 14‐20 Gy total in 1‐2 consecutive daily fractions) plus chemotherapy. We also sought to determine whether baseline pain severity influences oncologic outcomes following radiotherapy for canine extremity OS. The medical records of 82 dogs undergoing radiotherapy for confirmed or presumed OS were reviewed. In dogs receiving combinations of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, survival was significantly longer with SRT vs CHRT (median overall survival time: 350 vs 147 days; P = .031). In a univariate analysis, dogs with pulmonary metastases and high pain at the time of irradiation had short overall survival times; use of high radiation doses and chemotherapy were associated with improved survival. Separate multivariable models were built to assess the predictive nature of various factors that might influence event‐free or overall survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy; for dogs treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, overall survival times were significantly longer when baseline pain scores were ‘low’ (vs ‘high’; hazard ratio: 0.258; P = .030), radiation doses were high (hazard ratio: 0.943; P = .034). Neither pain nor radiation dose were associated with survival in dogs treated with radiotherapy, without chemotherapy.
Effect of Polymer Coating on Vapor Condensation Heat Transfer
Authors: Budakli Mete , Salem Thamer Khalif , Arik Mehmet , Donmez Barca , Menceloglu Yusuf 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Condensation heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) are rather low compared to thin film evaporation. Therefore, it can be a limiting factor for designing heat transfer equipment. In this work, heat transfer characteristics of water vapor condensation phenomena were experimentally studied on a vertically aligned smooth copper substrate for a range of pressures and temperatures for two different liquid wettability conditions. The heat transfer performance is dominated by the phase change process at the solid–vapor interface along with the liquid formation mechanism. Compared to heat transfer results measured at an untreated copper surface, heat transport is augmented with a thin layer of perfluoro-silane coating over the same substrate. In this work, the effect of saturation pressure on the condensation process at both surfaces has been investigated by analyzing heat transfer coefficients. The results obtained experimentally show an increase in contact angle (CA) with the surface coating. A heat transfer augmentation of about 26% over uncoated surfaces was obtained and surfaces did not show any degradation after 40 h of operation. Finally, current results are compared with heat transfer values reported in open literature.