bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction of Alternative Sources of Energy as a Tool for Provision of Environmental Human Rights
Authors: Shulga Ievgenii , Kalayanov Dmytro , Shynkaruk Oleksandra , Shytyi Stanislav , Ivanov Filip 
Published: February 2020

The importance of introducing and developing of alternative energy in the context of ensuring environmental human rights were analyzed in the article. The role of international governmental and non-governmental environmental organizations in ensuring environmental human rights was identified. The main international legal treaties governing the reduction of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and the introduction of renewable energy were analyzed. Attention was drawn to the need to strengthen the role of international governmental and non-governmental organizations within the framework of oversight and monitoring functions regarding the possibility of influencing specific states that do not comply with the provisions of signed and ratified international conventions. It was concluded about the necessary adjustment of the vector of development of environmental rights protection instruments in the direction of its world globalization. To date, the process of world globalization must be shifted from a purely economic to a social and environmental one. The current global concept of supporting the development of alternative energy sources needs to undergo some changes. Considering that the environmental problem is universal and, although to varying degrees, it still applies to every individual, regardless of country or nationality of a person, the obligation to protect the environment should be universal and not only provided by government bodies of sovereign states, but also by international governmental organizations. The position of the necessity of establishing of international financing funds which would be implemented by their Member States on a permanent basis as a percentage of their budget is being maintained. Expanding the power of controlling entities of international organizations in respect of environmental human rights of citizens of different countries and of the whole society is considered necessary.
Keywords: alternative energy, environmental human rights, international protection of environmental human rights, international governmental and non-governmental environmental organizations
Evaluation of the Financial Performance of Pension Funds. Empirical Evidence: Kosovo, Albania and North Macedonia
Authors: Mazreku Ibish , Morina Fisnik , Curraj Elvis 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This research paper aims to analyze the evaluation of the financial performance of pension funds, to find the relationship between contributions, return on investment and net asset value with pension fund performance. The following research questions have been asked in order to realize the purpose of the research: What are the factors affecting the performance of the pension fund? What is the relationship between pension fund performance and contributions, return on investment, and net asset value?
Methodology: For the specification of the econometric model of this study, we rely on secondary data published in official World Bank reports and reports of pension funds in Kosovo, Albania and North Macedonia. To measure the empirical results, these statistical tests are used: standard multiple regression, fixed effects model, random effect model, and Hausman Taylor Regression.
Findings: Based on the empirical results, we can conclude that the increase in gross domestic product, return on investment, contributions and net assets have positively influenced the performance of pension funds for the countries included in the study. The other independent variable, the exchange rate, on the basis of econometric estimations, has turned out to be non-significant.
Practical implications: The empirical results of this study may recommend that relevant institutions in Kosovo, Albania and North Macedonia undertake reforms towards the creation of efficient pension systems, and these reforms are of crucial importance for pension systems, which have an economic and social character in their function as fund accumulators and benefit distributors for the categories in need.
Originality: The study is conducted with secondary data and all the empirical analysis are original based on the authors' calculations through econometric models. Through the results of this study we aim to provide additional empirical evidence on the performance of pension funds in Kosovo, Albania and North Macedonia, recommending that relevant institutions improve the functioning of the pension system, as it is a very important part of a financial system of a country which has an impact on economic growth.
Keywords: financial performance, pension fund, contributions, net assets, return on investment
The Problems in will Expression in Civil Law Transactions and Healthcare in Case of Capacity of Individuals
Authors: Kudeikina Inga , Palkova Karina 
Published: February 2020

The expression of each individual’s will is one of the important rights. This freedom is protected by human rights. In legal systems the expression of the central positions of the will of individuals is protected. In civil law transactions as well as in health care individuals have specific and complicated rights to express their will. And the problematics of it comes from that capacity issue. The rights to expression, rights to liberty ect. are recognized as the basic rights of each individual, of each member of the society. The protection of the expression of the individual’s will is significant moment from the international as well as national point of view. A significant aspect and more sensitive is the protection of incapable person’s rights, for instance, in civil law transactions and healthcare matters in legal framework. The key challenge for the protection of those rights is to find the balance between capable and incapable persons’ rights protection in the case of will expression in particular matters.
Keywords: legal capacity, decision, treatment, willpower, civil law
Complex Modernization of Public Infrastructure and Hospitality as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of the City in Ukraine
Authors: Melnykova Maryna , Gradoboіeva Yеlyzaveta , Mirzodaieva Tetiana , Ragulina Nadiia 
Published: February 2020

The sustainable development of the city involves the solving of economic, environmental and social problems through the modernization of various spheres of the urban economy. The modernization of related and interrelated spheres of the city’s economy should be based on an integrated approach. The hospitality and public infrastructure are such spheres. Their relationship is due to both technical and technological features and the possibilities of achieving the goals of sustainable development of the city (the hospitality sector contributes to the growth of openness of the city and the life support and environmental sustainability of the city directly depends on the state and development of public infrastructure). The priorities of the modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality for sustainable development of the city have been determined. The condition of the public infrastructure and hospitality in cities of Ukraine was analyzed from the point of view of modernization for sustainable development. The experience of modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality in sustainable European cities (including improving energy efficiency, strengthening environmental safety, creating a barrier-free environment) has been studied. The technical, technological, financial and institutional features that determine the feasibility of modernizing the public infrastructure and hospitality based on the principles of an integrated approach have been determined. The recommendations of the mechanism of public-private partnership using in the implementation of projects for the modernization of public utilities infrastructure and hospitality of the city have been developed. The decision-making tools for managing resources have been proposed for the justification and implementation of a project to modernize public infrastructure and hospitality based on a comprehensive approach.
Key Words: city, sustainable development, public infrastructure, hospitality, modernization, integrated approach.
Environmental Legal Culture as a Factor in Ensuring Sustainable Development of Society
Authors: Kurylo Liudmyla , Kurylo Inna , Shulga Ievgenii , Horodetska Iryna 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the article is to clarify the role and importance of environmental legal culture in ensuring the sustainable development of society. Methodological basis of the research includes general theoretical principles of scientific knowledge (comprehensiveness, validity, complexity), which allowed to provide various aspects in the study of ecological legal culture. It is based on a complex combination of research approaches, the leading among which is integrative, as well as general scientific methods (formal-logical, structural and functional). Scientific novelty is to identify the essence and importance of environmental legal culture as one of the main factor for ensuring the sustainable development of society. Based on the analysis of scientific-theoretical approaches of the understanding of environmental culture, legal culture, environmental legal culture, as well as the current legislation and sources devoted to diagnostics of the effectiveness of the implementation of national environmental policy, it is substantiated that environmental legal culture is a complex integral category that includes a complex of interconnected cognitive, value and activity components, characterized by a certain level of environmental and legal knowledge and active activity in their practical reality ted; is a factor in the effectiveness of legal regulation of public relations in the field of environmental protection and an effective instrument of environmental policy in the country, and therefore a factor in ensuring the sustainable development of society.
Keywords: environmental culture, legal culture, environmental legal culture, environmental policy, sustainable development.
Legal regulation of Natural Resources as a Category of Environmental Resources for Providing Economic Activity on the Example of Ukraine
Authors: Piddubna Daria , Karakash Illia 
Published: February 2020

Every citizen has the right to safe natural resources. In Ukraine, this right is fixed at the level of the Constitution of Ukraine and special legal acts. The right to natural resources determines the citizen's right to: land resources; water resources; forest resources; flora and fauna; mushrooms; berries; atmospheric air. Ecological nature of natural resources is associated with the provision of various types of safety: environmental, energy, water, food, biological, genetic, and in aggregate - national. To implement the above, it is necessary to amend the regulatory framework in Ukraine on the following positions: responsibility (both from the side of officials and from the side of economic entities); system verification of the state of natural resources; ban on burning stubble, forest strips; strengthening of responsibility for the destruction of water facilities, cutting of plant resources, for the introduction of pesticides, for the implementation of atmospheric emissions and discharges into water objects; introduction of organic farming. The main thing – the issue of environmental friendliness of natural resources is characteristic not only for Ukraine, but also for the whole world. From their status depends on the suitability of life for every inhabitant of the planet, as well as the state of the planet itself.
Keywords: natural resources, an ecological resource, the constitutional rights of citizens, land resources; water resources; forest resources; flora and fauna; mushrooms; berries; atmospheric air.
Ukraine Dairy Market: State and Prospects of Development
Authors: Pronko Lyudmila , Kolesnik Tatyana , Samborska Oksana 
Published: February 2020

The article discusses topical issues regarding the prospects for the development of the milk and dairy market. It is investigated that the largest breakthrough has been achieved by the dairy industry with milk, since DSTU 3662: 2018 "Cow's milk" came into force on January 1, 2019, the inflow of milk processing plants is not lower than the first grade, and it is known that private households provide largely only milk of the second grade. As a result, the quality and safety of milk purchased from industrial farms has increased significantly. The authors emphasize that an important factor in the development of production activity for producers is the selling price of milk, which in 2018 in Ukraine amounted to 7602,4 UAH /t, which is 368,4 UAH /t more than in 2014.It is substantiated that there are a number of problems in the dairy industry of Ukraine that hinder its further development, the main ones being: increased competition from illegally operating enterprises, the shadow market, counterfeit products, lack of confidence and lack of cooperation between producers and processors of products, etc. The author has proved that these problems can be solved by combining milk producers and processors in cooperatives and providing them with effective state support.
Keywords: milk, dairy industry, quality, livestock, dairy cattle, selling price, market.
Uneven Demographic Changes as a Challenge to Provide Access to Education in the Rural Areas in Poland
Authors: Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska Agnieszka , Stawicki Maciej 
Published: February 2020

Dynamic changes in the number of inhabitants of rural areas in Poland entail necessity to adjust the market of public services and determine the way they are provided. In practice the intensity of this process varies both interregional and intra-regional. The objective of the study was to present how the uneven demographic changes including number of children affect organization of primary education by rural municipalities in selected Polish region. Research tasks were to present spatial diversity of demographic changes and number of pupils and schools and to identify and classify the ways of organization of education by rural municipalities depending on demographic processes. Research used data provided by Central Statistical Office for period 1998-2017. Moreover, data collected in own research (interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019) allowed to recognize public education services perception by local governments and rural society.
Keywords: demographic changes; public services; schools; rural society; Poland
Efficiency of Managing Liabilities of Enterprises of Different Types of Economic Activities
Authors: Sakhno Andrii , Salkova Iryna , Polishchuk Nataliia , Kucher Lesia , Stashko Inna 
Published: February 2020

The article substantiates approaches to making decisions of obligations management in the conditions of increasing the assets by types of economic activity in Ukraine. The possibility of using correlation-regression analysis to determine the most favorable variations (in relation of density) between the effective indicator (types of assets) and production factors (types of liabilities) has been proved. A method of analyzing the operating environment is applied to identify the shortest possible reduction in current and long-term liabilities and maximize the volume of current assets. It was found that (i) the most efficient type of economic activity due to the increase in current assets in Ukraine was administrative and support service activities (0.90), the least efficient – agriculture, forestry and fisheries (0.47); (ii) education and training activities (0.93) are the most effective types of economic activity due to reduce liabilities, and health and social assistance (0.44) are the least effective. The results of the study can be used in planning the sustainable development of different types of economic activity.
Keywords: liabilities, assets, types of economic activities, entities, profit, efficiency, Ukraine
The Role of Legal Culture in Maintaining Social Stability and Countering Separatist Movements: Case of Ukraine
Authors: Kachur Vira , Protosavitska Liudmyla , Zasukha Liudmyla , Golovko Liudmyla 
Published: February 2020

This article develops hypotheses that raising the level of legal culture can serve as an effective instrument in maintaining sustainable development, social stability and territorial integrity. Legal culture should be considered as a regulator and stabilizer of social relations, both in individual countries and at the international level. It is necessary to consider legal culture in conjunction with morality, ethical, economic and political values and priorities. The study has concluded that creation of the democratic state of law and civil society is impossible without raising the level of legal culture. Creation of a strategy for raising the level of legal culture of the population is becoming a priority task, since it will allow forming the functions of the legal culture in the implementation of the national security policy in the socio-economic, political and regional spheres, preserving historical heritage and territorial integrity of Ukraine, overcoming internal and external threats to its stable state and legal development.
Keywords: Legal culture, legal awareness, social stability, sustainable development
Waste Management at the Local Level in the EU and Ukraine
Authors: Ladychenko Viktor , Melnychuk Olha , Golovko Liudmyla , Burmak Oksana 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of theoretical and practical issues related to the implementation of the responsibilities of bodies of local self-government for the management of solid municipal waste according to the Waste Framework Directive. Experience of EU Member States in this sphere was studied. The state of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the requirements of the European Union in the field of waste management has been investigated and proposals for implementation of experience of EU member states were made.
Keywords: EU waste policy, EU law, waste management, municipal waste, adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to EU law
Strategy of Internationalization by Ukrainian Meat Producers’ Implementation
Authors: Tanasiichuk Alona , Hromova Olha , Abdullaieva Anastasiia , Holovchuk Yulia , Sokoliuk Kateryna 
Published: February 2020

Scientific and methodical approaches to the definition of international markets for implementation of the strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers' have been developed, choosing strategy of internationalization by Ukrainian meat producers procedure has been determined, a system of indicators has been developed to assess the marketing appeal of new international markets for Ukrainian meat producers. According to the analysis of practical aspects results of the agrarian enterprise and its associations functioning, a scientific and methodical approach to the integrated assessment of the business environment of international markets attractiveness’ for Ukrainian meat producers by the product group "0207 Poultry Meat" was developed. The proposed approach is based on applying summing up the ranks to rank foreign markets according to the system of dynamic indicators method, which allowed determining the marketing attractiveness of the new international markets for the activity of Ukrainian meat producers in these markets. As a result of the proposed approach application, foreign markets have been identified that demonstrate favorable conditions for doing business with Ukrainian meat producers. It has been proved that the markets of Denmark and Finland have demonstrated favorable conditions for doing business with them, which testifies that internationalization of Ukrainian meat producers’ strategy should be aimed at the formation of future outlines of new markets in the direction which is beneficial to them.
Keywords: international business activities, internationalization strategies, attractiveness of international markets marketing, a system of indicators for assessing the marketing attractiveness of new international markets.
Formation of a State Support Program for Agricultural Producers in Ukraine Considering World Experience
Authors: Pronko Lyudmila , Furman Irina , Kucher Anatolii , Gontaruk Yaroslav 
Published: February 2020

In our paper we researched the state regulation in agriculture of Ukraine, as well as world experience in this field. The distribution of state financing for support of agricultural production is analyzed. We singled out the direction of state support to the agrarian sector of Ukraine. The directions of organizational reforming of households in the market conditions are investigated. The variants of integration of households of the population into more consolidated economic forms are offered. The priority of the development of cooperatives in agriculture has been argued. The positive experience of state support of servicing cooperation is considered on the example of «The Benefits of the Development of Personal Peasant, Farmers, Cooperative Movement in the Village and Advice Service for 2016-2020» of the Vinnytsia Region. The prospects of creation of cooperatives for the provision of oilseeds processing services for the energy needs of agribusinesses and provision of livestock feed with forages are argued. The prospects for realization of the program of development of agricultural servicing cooperatives within the boundaries of Ukraine are outlined.
Keywords: agrarian policy, agribusiness development program, agricultural servicing cooperative agriculture, cooperation, food safety, energy security, enterprise-agro producer, integration of farms, state support of agrarian sector
Efficiency of managing liabilities of enterprises of different types of economic activities
Authors: Sakhno Andrii , Salkova Iryna , Polishchuk Nataliia , Kucher Lesia , Stashko Inna 
Published: February 2020

The article substantiates approaches to making decisions of obligations management in the conditions of increasing the assets by types of economic activity in Ukraine. The possibility of using correlation-regression analysis to determine the most favorable variations (in relation of density) between the effective indicator (types of assets) and production factors (types of liabilities) has been proved. A method of analyzing the operating environment is applied to identify the shortest possible reduction in current and long-term liabilities and maximize the volume of current assets. It was found that (i) the most efficient type of economic activity due to the increase in current assets in Ukraine was administrative and support service activities (0.90), the least efficient – agriculture, forestry and fisheries (0.47); (ii) education and training activities (0.93) are the most effective types of economic activity due to reduce liabilities, and health and social assistance (0.44) are the least effective. The results of the study can be used in planning the sustainable development of different types of economic activity.
Key words: liabilities, assets, types of economic activities, entities, profit, efficiency, Ukraine.