bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of suicidality in Japanese adolescents: results from a population-based questionnaire survey
Authors: Nagamitsu Shinichiro , Mimaki Masakazu , Koyanagi Kenshi , Tokita Natsuko , Kobayashi Yoriko , Hattori Ritsuko , Ishii Ryuta , Matsuoka Michiko , Yamashita Yushiro , Yamagata Zentaro , Igarashi Takashi , Croarkin Paul E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Suicide is the first leading cause of death among Japanese adolescents. There are knowledge gaps regarding contemporary demographics and factors associated with suicidality in Japanese adolescents. This study examined the prevalence of suicidality and its associated factors among Japanese adolescents. Methods A population-based questionnaire survey was administered to 22,419 adolescents aged 13–18 years to investigate general health problems in adolescents. The questionnaire included 29 items regarding emotional status, family function, cyberbullying, suicidality, and stressors (focused on relationships with parents or friends, school performance, and sexual identity). We conducted multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the factors associated with suicidality in adolescents. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide was 21.6/% and 3.5% in males and 28.5% and 6.6% in females, respectively. Bullying and family relationship stressors had the highest association with suicidality. Exposure to cyberbullying showed the highest odd ratios for both junior high and high school students (3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1–4.4; 3.6, 95% Cl, 2.5–5.3, respectively). Adolescents accessed a variety of resources for stressors but chose the internet more frequently. Conclusions Our results indicate that suicidality is a common experience among Japanese adolescents. Although there are many associated risk factors, cyberbullying may be particularly concerning. Recognition of factors associated with adolescent suicidality will help inform future research and suicide prevention efforts for healthcare providers and families.
Distributed causality in resting-state network connectivity in the acute and remitting phases of RRMS
Authors: Wu Lin , Huang Muhua , Zhou Fuqing , Zeng Xianjun , Gong Honghan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although previous studies have shown that intra-network abnormalities in brain functional networks are correlated with clinical/cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS), there is little information regarding the pattern of causal interactions among cognition-related resting-state networks (RSNs) in different disease stages of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. We hypothesized that abnormalities of causal interactions among RSNs occurred in RRMS patients in the acute and remitting phases.Patients and methods: Seventeen patients in the acute phases of RRMS, 24 patients in the remitting phases of RRMS, and 23 appropriately matched healthy controls participated in this study. First, we used group independent component analysis to extract the time courses of the spatially independent components from all the subjects. Then, the Granger causality analysis was used to investigate the causal relationships among RSNs in the spectral domain and to identify correlations with clinical indices. Results: Compared with the patients in the acute phase of RRMS, patients in the remitting phase of RRMS showed a significantly lower expanded disability status scale, modified fatigue impact scale scores, and significantly higher paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT) scores. Compared with healthy subjects, during the acute phase, RRMS patients had significantly increased driving connectivity from the right executive control network (rECN) to the anterior salience network (aSN), and the causal coefficient was negatively correlated with the PASAT score. During the remitting phase, RRMS patients had significantly increased driving connectivity from the rECN to the aSN and from the rECN to the visuospatial network. Conclusion: Together with the disease duration (mean disease duration < 5 years) and relatively better clinical scores than those in the acute phase, abnormal connections, such as the information flow from the rECN to the aSN and the rECN to the visuospatial network, might provide adaptive compensation in the remitting phase of RRMS.
Evaluation of salivary flow, level of anxiety, and quality of life among elderly patients rehabilitated with removable prostheses
Authors: Bannwart Lisiane , Santos Daniela dos , Aparecida Cristina , Moreno Nathaly , Neto Clóvis , Silva Emily Freitas da , Goiato M. C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Complete or partial edentulous patients have difficulties performing functional tasks such as eating, chewing, and speaking, and this may affect their quality of life. The successful rehabilitation of these patients depends on emotional and psychosocial factors and on patients’ expectation regarding rehabilitation.Objectives: To examine the effect of complete or partial removable prostheses on quality of life, salivary flow, and anxiety level of wearers. Methods: Total and partial bimaxillary edentulous patients who needed rehabilitation by complete or partial removable prostheses were selected. The quality of life, salivary flow, and level of anxiety of patients were assessed using the following questionnaires: Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, Visual Analog Scale for xerostomia, and Anxiety Inventory. The questionnaires were used at three time points: three months before the insertion of the prostheses, at the time of insertion, and three months after the insertion of the prostheses.Results: Our study cohort included more women (62.5%) than men (37.5%), with an average age of 65.25 years. The insertion of removable prostheses significantly influenced the quality of life, anxiety level, and salivary flow of its wearers, while decreasing the sensation of xerostomia.Conclusions: It was deduced that the insertion of complete or partial removable prostheses influences the quality of life, anxiety level, and salivary flow of its wearers.
Resistance to Antihypertensive Drugs Targeting Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System in Cancer patients: A Case Series
Authors: GOEL Mishita , Varandani Rajiv , Okwuosa Tochukwu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hypertension impacts overall prognosis in cancer patients. There are no specific recommendations for its management in these patients. We report a case series of 5 cancer patients with suboptimal BP lowering and even worsening BP with ACEi or ARBs that improved to normal upon discontinuation of these drugs.
Co-infection with trichomonas vaginalis increases the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3 among HPV16 positive female: a large population-based study.
Authors: Yang Mei , Li Lin , Jiang Chunfan , Qin Xiaomin , Zhou Min , Mao Xiaogang , Xing Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggested that vaginal microbiome played a functional role in the progression of cervical lesions in female infected by HPV. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of common vaginal infection on the carcinogenicity of hr-HPV. Methods: From January 15, 2017 to December 31, 2017, 310,545 female aged at least 30 years old had been recruited for cervical cancer screening from 9 clinical research centers in Central China. All the recruited participants received hr-HPV genotyping for cervical cancer screening and vaginal microenvironment test by a high vaginal swab. Colposcopy-directed biopsy was recommended for female who were infected with HPV 16 and HPV 18, and other positive hr-HPV types through test had undertaken triage using liquid-based cytology, cases with the results ≥ ASCUS among them were referred to colposcopy directly, and cervical tissues were taken for pathology examination to make clear the presence or absence of other cervical lesions.Results: Among 310,545 female, 6,067 (1.95%) were tested with positive HPV 16 and HPV 18, 18,297 (5.89%) were tested with other positive hr-HPV genotypes, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) were detected in 861 cases, 377 cases, 423 cases, and 77 cases, respectively. Candida albicans and Gardnerella were not associated with the detection of cervical lesions. Positive trichomonas vaginitis (TV) was correlated with hr-HPV infection (p<0.0001). Co-infection with TV increased the risk of CIN 1 among female infected with hr-HPV (OR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.42-2.31). Co-infection with TV increased the risk of CIN 2-3 among female infected with HPV 16 (OR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.16-2.53).Conclusions: Co-infection of TV and HPV 16 is a significant factor for the detection of cervical lesions.
A four-step strategy for handling missing outcome data in randomised trials affected by a pandemic
Authors: Cro Suzie , Morris Tim P , Kahan Brennan C , Cornelius Victoria R , Carpenter James R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) presents a variety of challenges for ongoing clinical trials, including an inevitably higher rate of missing outcome data, with new and non-standard reasons for missingness. International drug trial guidelines recommend trialists review plans for handling missing data in the conduct and statistical analysis, but clear recommendations are lacking.Methods: We present a four-step strategy for handling missing outcome data in the analysis of randomised trials that are ongoing during a pandemic. We consider handling missing data arising due to (i) participant infection, (ii) treatment disruptions and (iii) loss to follow-up. We consider both settings where treatment effects for a ‘pandemic-free world’ and ‘world including a pandemic’ are of interest. Results: In any trial, investigators should; (1) Clarify the treatment estimand of interest with respect to the occurrence of the pandemic; (2) Establish what data are missing for the chosen estimand; (3) Perform primary analysis under the most plausible missing data assumptions followed by; (4) Sensitivity analysis under alternative plausible assumptions. To obtain an estimate of the treatment effect in a ‘pandemic-free world’, participant data that are clinically affected by the pandemic (directly due to infection or indirectly via treatment disruptions) are not relevant and can be set to missing. For primary analysis, a missing-at-random assumption that conditions on all observed data that are expected to be associated with both the outcome and missingness may be most plausible. For the treatment effect in the ‘world including a pandemic’, all participant data is relevant and should be included in the analysis. For primary analysis, a missing-at-random assumption – potentially incorporating a pandemic time-period indicator and participant infection status – or a missing-not-at-random assumption with a poorer response may be most relevant, depending on the setting. In all scenarios, sensitivity analysis under credible missing-not-at-random assumptions should be used to evaluate the robustness of results. We highlight controlled multiple imputation as an accessible tool for conducting sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: Missing data problems will be exacerbated for trials active during the Covid-19 pandemic. This four-step strategy will facilitate clear thinking about the appropriate analysis for relevant questions of interest.
Full-length Transcriptome Sequences and Identification of Putative Genes for Carotenoids Accumulation in Polymorphic Noble Scallop Chlamys Nobilis
Authors: Zhang Hongkuan , Liu Helu , Tan Karsoon , Ma Hongyu , Li Shengkang , Zheng Huaiping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Carotenoids are ubiquitous in marine bivalves and the accumulation mechanism has attracted widespread interest, but still remains unclear. The enrichment carotenoids noble scallop Chlamys nobilis provide a model animal to explain the molecular mechanism of carotenoids in marine bivalves. For a better understanding of transcriptional data and putative genes involved in carotenoids accumulation in noble scallop, PacBio sequencing and RNA-seq data were jointed to analysis the differentially expressed genes in different tissues.Results: In the present study, we obtained 26,237 non-redundant transcripts, and total 9263 DEGs were identified among the five tissues, and 3361 were up-regulated and 4980 genes were down-regulated in golden scallop (rich in carotenoids). Examination of the GO terms indicated that the DEGs mainly related to metabolic process, binding, catalytic activity and cellular process. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DEGs mainly related to phagosome, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome. Carotenoids-related genes, including CD36, Retinoid X Receptor (RXR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) showed significantly difference between golden and brown scallops, and several genes function were also identified in the early developmental stages.Conclusions: This study revealed that there are large transcriptome differences between golden scallops and brown scallops, these results provide fundamental resources of large-scale full-length transcripts in C. nobilis and contribute to the understanding of carotenoids accumulation mechanism in mollusks.
Comparison of visual field progression in new-diagnosed primary open-angle and exfoliation glaucoma patients in Sweden.
Authors: Ayala Marcelo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to compare visual field progression in new-diagnosed exfoliation versus open-angle glaucoma patients. Methods: Retrospective study. The study included patients with new-diagnosed primary open-angle and exfoliation glaucoma. All patients were followed for three years with reliable visual fields. At least five reliable fields were needed for inclusion. Exfoliation and open-angle glaucoma were defined based on the European Glaucoma Society guidelines. Visual field evaluation was performed using the software threshold 24-2 of the Humphrey Field Analysis. Outcomes: Visual field progression. For visual field progression, three different strategies were used: mean deviation (MD), visual field index (VFI), and the guided progression analysis (GPA). Results: The study included 128 subjects, of the 54 in the open-angle and 74 in the exfoliation glaucoma group. The MD difference values were higher in the exfoliation (-3.17 dB) than in the primary open-angle (-1.25 dB) glaucoma group in the three-year follow-up period. The difference between groups was significant (t-test, p=<0.001). The difference in VFI was calculated for the three years follow-up period. The difference was higher in the exfoliation (-7.65%) than in the primary open (-1.90%) glaucoma group (t-test, p=<0.001). The GPA showed progression in 58% of cases in exfoliation, and 13% in primary open glaucoma group (Chi-square, p=<0.001). Conclusion: The present study found a more frequent and faster visual field progression in exfoliation than in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. New-diagnosed exfoliation glaucoma patients must be controlled and treated more strictly than primary open-angle glaucoma patients to avoid visual field deterioration.
Immunoinformatics and System Biology Approaches for Potential Vaccine Candidates Against Burkholderia Pseudomallei
Authors: Tarannum Asfiha , Khan Md. Arif , Sirajee Ahmad S. , Yasmin Mahmuda , Ahsan Chowdhury R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei, an intracellular gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of melioidosis. It is a highly infectious disease that usually involves the lungs of humans as well as animals endemic in South-East Asia and Northern Australia. At present, we do not have any vaccine or treatment scheme at our disposal which is absolutely effective against this disease. There have been few advances in the development of vaccines against intracellular bacterial pathogens, making vaccine development against intracellular pathogen a more challenging arena. So, we opted for in-silico methods of drug designing intending to combat B. pseudomallei.Results: The whole proteome of B. pseudomallei was analyzed for determining immunogenic proteins. Combining B-cell and T-cell epitope prediction studies, the sequence ETAAADALY was considered as the most potential epitope for both T and B cells, followed by molecular docking against an MHC (major histocompatibility complex) Class I molecule, HLA-A*26:01 (human leukocyte antigens encoded by the HLA-A locus). Apart from epitope prediction, hydrogen bond study and target site analysis were carried out which concludes that ARG 237, ALA 234, ARG 236, ARG 262, GLN 226, ASP229, VAL 230, VAL 239, GLY 258, LEU259, ASN 225, and ILE 254 consist the best active site of the protein molecule. The study of the bacterial antigenic protein model's secondary structure and stereochemical properties provided an insight into the protein's stability as our epitope of choice. The post docking interactions were further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation and the system biology approach for validation. Conclusion: The goal of our endeavor is to delve into an integrative Immunoinformatics study combined with the system biology logistics of B. pseudomallei to detect potential vaccine candidates against this pathogen as well as providing a depiction of the bacterial immunome that could be insightful for vaccine generation in the future.
Gender-based violence and social determinants in undocumented pregnant Venezuelans living in Barranquilla, Colombia: a qualitative approach
Authors: Isaza-Arias Laura , Agudelo-Suárez Andrés A , Chicangana Cielo J , Fernández-Niño Julián Alfredo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background gender-based violence is considered a phenomenon of importance in the field of public health and social sciences. From a social determinants’ perspective, it seems important to study this topic in social groups considered as vulnerable, in order to establish prevention strategies. This study aims to explore the experiences of gender-based violence and its social determinants in a group of undocumented pregnant women in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia.Methods qualitative study based on 15 semi-structured interviews with undocumented pregnant Venezuelans residing in the district of Barranquilla. The interview guide included various dimensions in order to discover the opinions and experiences of each participant related to their migration process, their health during pregnancy, experiences of gender-based violence, individual and institutional responses to violence and, lastly, the health care they have received in Colombia. Narrative contents analysis was carried out by means of emergent categories from the perspective of the interviewed women. Ethical considerations for gender-based violence studies were taking into consideration.Results interviewed women migrated from Venezuela to Barranquilla in Colombia motivated to improve their quality of life and for their families. In the adaptation process, some women reported having been victims of physical, psychological, sexual and economic violence, which can be associated with their vulnerability conditions related to their pregnancy and motherhood, economic dependency, lack of networks of support and insecurity of the sectors in which they resided. This situation affected their physical, mental and psychosocial health.Conclusion immigrant pregnant women in Barranquilla are in an especial situation of social vulnerability considering their experiences about gender-based violence, and its social determinants related to the migratory process and their adaptations to the Colombian territory.
Treatment of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kassem Nancy , Ghazy Ahmed , AbuTineh Mohammad A. , Omar Nabil E. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Chandra Prem , Ghasoub Rola S. , AbuTabar Osama S. , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundExisting evidence on the difference in the incidence of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients receiving novel therapies versus patients receiving conventional therapies is limited and inconclusive. The aims of this planned systematic review and meta-analysis are therefore (1) assess the TLS incidence reported in clinical trials for the novel or targeted agents comparing to conventional chemotherapeutic agents used to treat patients with CLL (2) to identify the TLS prophylaxis strategies that are utilized in clinical trials of the novel or targeted agents for CLL if it was fully reported or under-reported and (3) to compare the mortality among patients with tumor lysis syndrome in conventional versus novel agents.MethodsWe will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Several electronic databases will be searched using predefined search terms to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies should report findings on the incidence of TLS in CLL patients. Primary observational studies with cross-sectional or prospective research design, case-control studies, and studies with experimental designs will be included. Study quality will be evaluated by two reviewers using the statistical methodology and categories described in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and PRISMA and other applicable guidelines. The meta-analysis will be performed and conducted using applicable standard statistical software like CMA and STATA.DiscussionThis review and meta-analysis will be among the first to systematically explore and integrate the evidence available on the comparison between the incidences of TLS in CLL patients treated with novel agents versus conventional agents. By gathering and summarizing information about the risk of TLS in this patient population, the findings from this review will provide insights for future research directions and more understanding of the difference of TLS incidence between novel treatments and conventional treatment and suggest prophylactic measures for such cases.Systematic review registrationThe protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020166770).
Challenges and management of laparoscopic treatment of pyonephrosis caused by calculi
Authors: Liu Jun , Chen Liang , An Lizhe , Ma Kai , Ye Xiongjun , Xu Qingquan , Huang Xiaobo , Xiong Liulin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Calculous pyonephrosis is a disease characterized by infectious hydronephrosis associated with pyogenic destruction of the renal parenchyma, with complete or almost complete loss of renal function.
Methods
The clinical data of laparoscopic nephrolithotomy at Peking University People’s Hospital from May 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Eight patients (2 men; 6 women) aged 27 to 65 years (average age, 42.2 years) were included. Among them, 7 patients were treated with retroperitoneal approach and 1 patient by transperitoneal approach. All patients had received more than one endoscopic lithotripsy before nephrectomy. Renal dynamic imaging and computed tomography revealed the absence of function in pyonephrosis before nephrectomy. General clinical data and perioperative data were recorded. All nephrectomies were performed by the same physician.
Results
Laparoscopic surgery was successfully performed in 7 patients; however, 1 patient underwent open surgery because of bleeding. The operation time, average operation time, and blood loss were 1.5–4.5 hours, 3.1 hours, and 100–1000 ml (average, 300 ml), respectively. The postoperative pathology showed inflammatory renal disease in 6 patients, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in 1 patient, and high-grade urothelial cancer in 1 patient. The average postoperative hospital stay was 4.3 days. None of the patients experienced severe complications and poor healing of endoscopic wounds.
Conclusion
For patients with complicated calculous pyonephrosis, renal inflammation could not be effectively controlled, and renal function was seriously damaged. Thus, the kidneys should be immediately resected. With laparoscopy, patients may recover quickly, but surgeons require sufficient experience when performing laparoscopy to achieve safety.