bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P485Re-interpretation of variants of uncertain significance in inherited cardiovascular diseases-A pilot study
Authors: Novelli V , Mazza D , Cammarano M , Quarta R , Curra M , Zeppilli P , Crea F , Tiziano F D , Genuardi M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background- Identification of variants of uncertain signiﬁcance (VUSs) poses relevant challenges in counseling and managing patients. They have an unknown impact on health, making the genetic tests clinically irrelevant. Recent studies demonstrate that a routine reclassification analysis enables to reclassify from 20% to 80% of this type of variant, improving risk stratification.
Purpose- We investigated whether, in the context of inherited cardiac conditions, a review of the updated literature, including new functional data, allele frequency (GnomAD) and segregation analysis may help in the variant reclassification.
Methods- Retrospective review of all VUSs in genes associated with inherited cardiac conditions identified in our cardiogenetic clinic between 2016 and 2018.
Results- Thirty-one VUSs, classified using ACMG guidelines, were identified in 26 cases with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of inherited cardiovascular diseases, including Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy). Twentyfour variants were identified in well-defined causative genes (SCN5A, KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1, DSP, DSG2, MYH7, TPM1, TNNI3, TNNT2, CACNA1C, MYL3) while the remaining variants were identified in minor genes with limited evidence to support their disease causation as, ANK2 and AKAP9 gene. Preliminary results of the reclassification analysis showed that two variants were downgraded to likely benign (LB) applying the BS1 criterion (allele frequency) and 4 variants were upgraded to likely pathogenic (LP) according to novel published data and family segregation studies. Moreover, further studies to assess cosegregation in other variants are still ongoing.
Conclusion- Based on our experience, 25% of variants of uncertain significance in well-defined causative genes, identified in patients with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of inherited cardiovascular disease, were reclassified. These findings suggest that re-evaluation of genetic test results should be performed routinely in all diagnostic labs, in order to improve risk stratification and identification of family members at high risk.
Modelling of pulse-like velocity ground motion during the 2018 Mw 6.3 Hualien earthquake, Taiwan
Authors: Lin Yen-Yu , Kanamori Hiroo , Zhan Zhongwen , Ma Kuo-Fong , Yeh Te-Yang 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYThe 2018 February 6 Mw 6.3 Hualien earthquake caused severe localized damage in Hualien City, located 20 km away from the epicentre. The damage was due to strong (&gt;70 cm s−1) and sharp (duration ∼2.5 s) velocity pulses. The observed peak ground-motion velocity in Hualien City symmetrically decays with distance from the nearby Milun fault. Waveforms observed on the opposite sides of the fault show reversed polarity on the vertical and N–S components while the E–W component is almost identical. None of the published finite-fault slip models can explain the spatially highly localized large velocity pulses. In this study, we show that an Mw 5.9 strike-slip subevent on the Milun fault at 2.5 km depth, rupturing from north to south at ∼0.9Vs speed, combined with site effects caused by surficial layers with low S-wave speed, can explain the velocity pulses observed at the dense strong-motion network stations. This subevent contributes only 25 per cent of the total moment of the 2018 Hualien earthquake, suggesting that a small local slip patch near a metropolis can dominate the local hazard. Our result strongly suggests that seismic hazard assessments should consider large ground-motion variabilities caused by directivity and site effects, as observed in the 2018 Hualien earthquake.
Counting Bounded Elements of a Number Field
Authors: Fraczyk Mikołaj , Harcos Gergely , Maga Péter 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We estimate, in a number field, the number of elements and the maximal number of linearly independent elements, with prescribed bounds on their valuations. As a by-product, we obtain new bounds for the successive minima of ideal lattices. Our arguments combine group theory, ramification theory, and the geometry of numbers.
Final results of a phase II study of nivolumab in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Maruyama Dai , Terui Yasuhito , Yamamoto Kazuhito , Fukuhara Noriko , Choi Ilseung , Kuroda Junya , Ando Kiyoshi , Hattori Akira , Tobinai Kensei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Many patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma show increased programmed death-1 ligand expression in Reed–Sternberg cells. We report the final results of a phase II study of nivolumab, an anti-programmed death-1 monoclonal antibody, in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods
Japanese patients with previously treated classical Hodgkin lymphoma (aged ≥ 20 years) were administered nivolumab (3 mg/kg on Day 1 of 14-day cycles) until progressive disease, an unacceptable adverse event, or another clinically relevant reason. Treatment could continue beyond progressive disease at the investigator’s discretion in selected patients.

Results
Seventeen patients (median age: 63.0 years) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 38.8 months. One patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma was excluded from efficacy analyses. The centrally assessed overall response rate in 16 classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients was 87.5% (95% confidence interval = 61.7–98.4%) and the disease control rate was 93.8% (95% confidence interval = 69.8–99.8%). The median (95% confidence interval) duration of response and progression-free survival were 8.5 (2.4–12.6) and 11.7 (1.8–42.3) months, respectively. The 3-year overall survival rate was 80.4% (95% confidence interval = 50.6–93.2%). Nivolumab was continued beyond progressive disease in seven patients; six were alive at the data cut-off. Adverse drug reactions occurred in all 17 patients with grades 3–4 adverse drug reactions in eight patients and no grade 5 adverse drug reactions. Pulmonary toxicities occurred in five patients; four of these occurred ≥17 months after starting nivolumab.

Conclusion
Nivolumab is effective and tolerable in Japanese relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Continued monitoring may be necessary to detect late-onset pulmonary toxicities.

Clinical trial registration
JapicCTI-142755 (Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center).
Improving Value-at-Risk Prediction Under Model Uncertainty
Authors: Peng Shige , Yang Shuzhen , Yao Jianfeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSeveral well-established benchmark predictors exist for value-at-risk (VaR), a major instrument for financial risk management. Hybrid methods combining AR-GARCH filtering with skewed-t residuals and the extreme value theory-based approach are particularly recommended. This study introduces yet another VaR predictor, G-VaR, which follows a novel methodology. Inspired by the recent mathematical theory of sublinear expectation, G-VaR is built upon the concept of model uncertainty, which in the present case signifies that the inherent volatility of financial returns cannot be characterized by a single distribution but rather by infinitely many statistical distributions. By considering the worst scenario among these potential distributions, the G-VaR predictor is precisely identified. Extensive experiments on both the NASDAQ Composite Index and S&P500 Index demonstrate the excellent performance of the G-VaR predictor, which is superior to most existing benchmark VaR predictors.
Hepatic tuberculosis masquerading as cholangiocarcinoma: an unusual differential for a liver mass
Authors: Maguire Christopher , Sivabalan Pirathaban , Jhamb Shaurya , Palamuthusingam Pranavan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A 54-year-old woman presented with an incidentally identified asymptomatic liver lesion with imaging characteristics suspicious for malignancy. She underwent a left hemihepatectomy for presumed cholangiocarcinoma. Histopathology revealed granulomas with microbiological investigations later revealing a diagnosis of isolated hepatic tuberculosis. There were no pulmonary or other disease sites identified. The patient has been medically managed for primary hepatic tuberculosis and remains well postoperatively. This case identifies a rare differential for a liver mass that needs to be considered in the clinicians’ workup.
Right lumbar abscess containing a gallstone—an unexpected late complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Marçal André , Pereira Ricardo Vaz , Monteiro Ana , Dias José , Oliveira António , Pinto-de-Sousa João 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder perforation may occur leading to gallstone spillage and despite being rare, early or late complications may therefore develop. We report a case of a 79-year-old female, with a past medical history of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy 3 years earlier for symptomatic gallstones, admitted in the emergency department with a subcutaneous right lumbar abscess confirmed by computed tomography. Emergent abscess surgical drainage was performed and a gallstone was identified during saline lavage. Postoperative evolution was unremarkable and follow-up within a year was uneventful. Split gallstones due to gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be retrieved in order to reduce future complications.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: membership probabilities for stars in 32 open clusters from 3D kinematics
Authors: Jackson R J , Jeffries R D , Wright N J , Randich S , Sacco G , Pancino E , Cantat-Gaudin T , Gilmore G , Vallenari A , Bensby T , Bayo A , Costado M T , Franciosini E , Gonneau A , Hourihane A , Lewis J , Monaco L , Morbidelli L , Worley C 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) observed many open clusters as part of its programme to spectroscopically characterize the various Milky Way populations. GES spectroscopy and Gaia astrometry from its second data release are used here to assign membership probabilities to targets towards 32 open clusters with ages from 1 to 3800 Myr, based on maximum likelihood modelling of the 3D kinematics of the cluster and field populations. From a parent catalogue of 14 398 individual targets, 5032 stars with uniformly determined 3D velocities, Teff, log g, and chemistry are assigned cluster membership with probability &gt;0.9, and with an average probability of 0.991. The robustness of the membership probabilities is demonstrated using independent membership criteria (lithium and parallax) in two of the youngest clusters. The addition of radial velocities improves membership discrimination over proper motion selection alone, especially in more distant clusters. The kinematically selected nature of the membership lists, independent of photometry and chemistry, makes the catalogue a valuable resource for testing stellar evolutionary models and investigating the time evolution of various parameters.
Mapping dark matter and finding filaments: calibration of lensing analysis techniques on simulated data
Authors: Tam Sut-Ieng , Massey Richard , Jauzac Mathilde , Robertson Andrew 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We quantify the performance of mass mapping techniques on mock imaging and gravitational lensing data of galaxy clusters. The optimum method depends upon the scientific goal. We assess measurements of clusters’ radial density profiles, departures from sphericity, and their filamentary attachment to the cosmic web. We find that mass maps produced by direct (KS93) inversion of shear measurements are unbiased, and that their noise can be suppressed via filtering with mrlens. Forward-fitting techniques, such as lenstool, suppress noise further, but at a cost of biased ellipticity in the cluster core and overestimation of mass at large radii. Interestingly, current searches for filaments are noise-limited by the intrinsic shapes of weakly lensed galaxies, rather than by the projection of line-of-sight structures. Therefore, space-based or balloon-based imaging surveys that resolve a high density of lensed galaxies could soon detect one or two filaments around most clusters.
A systematic search for galaxy proto-cluster cores at z ∼ 2
Authors: Ando Makoto , Shimasaku Kazuhiro , Momose Rieko 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
A proto-cluster core is the most massive dark matter halo (DMH) in a given proto-cluster. To reveal the galaxy formation in core regions, we search for proto-cluster cores at z ∼ 2 in ${\sim}1.5\, \mathrm{deg}^{2}$ of the COSMOS field. Using pairs of massive galaxies [log (M*/M⊙) ≥ 11] as tracers of cores, we find 75 candidate cores, among which 54 per cent are estimated to be real. A clustering analysis finds that these cores have an average DMH mass of $2.6_{-0.8}^{+0.9}\times 10^{13}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$, or $4.0_{-1.5}^{+1.8}\, \times 10^{13} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ after contamination correction. The extended Press–Schechter model shows that their descendant mass at z = 0 is consistent with Fornax-like or Virgo-like clusters. Moreover, using the IllustrisTNG simulation, we confirm that pairs of massive galaxies are good tracers of DMHs massive enough to be regarded as proto-cluster cores. We then derive the stellar mass function (SMF) and the quiescent fraction for member galaxies of the 75 candidate cores. We find that the core galaxies have a more top-heavy SMF than field galaxies at the same redshift, showing an excess at log (M*/M⊙) ≳ 10.5. The quiescent fraction, $0.17_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$ in the mass range 9.0 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.0, is about three times higher than that of field counterparts, giving an environmental quenching efficiency of $0.13_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$. These results suggest that stellar mass assembly and quenching are accelerated as early as z ∼ 2 in proto-cluster cores.
Five-Day vs 10-Day Postexposure Chemoprophylaxis With Oseltamivir to Prevent Hospital Transmission of Influenza: A Noninferiority Randomized Open-Label Study
Authors: Lepen Lidija , Blagus Rok , Velušček Maša , Saletinger Rajko , Petrovec Miroslav , Bajrović Fajko F , Stupica Daša 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
The efficacy and optimal duration of postexposure influenza prophylaxis with oseltamivir are undetermined in hospital settings, where immediate separation from index cases is not feasible.

Methods
In an open-label noninferiority randomized clinical trial in a single-center university hospital, the efficacy of 5-day vs 10-day postexposure prophylaxis with oseltamivir was compared in adult patients exposed to influenza who could not be immediately separated from index influenza cases. Influenza incidence was assessed for 10 days after discontinuing prophylaxis.

Results
Among 222 exposed patients (median age, 75 years; male 119; median Charlson Comorbidity Index, 5), 110 patients were assigned to 5 days of postexposure prophylaxis with oseltamivir, and 112 patients were assigned to the 10-day group. The median duration of exposure to influenza (interquartile range) was 2 (1–3) days. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the incidence of influenza was 2/110 (1.8%) in the 5-day group and 0/112 (0%) in the 10-day group (difference, 1.8 percentage points; 1-sided 95% CI, –1 to 4.9 percentage points; P = .77).

Conclusions
For patients exposed to influenza in a hospital setting and who were not immediately separated from index cases, postexposure prophylaxis with oseltamivir resulted in low incidence of nosocomial influenza transmission. Five-day postexposure prophylaxis was noninferior to 10-day regimen.

ClinicalTrials.gov Registration
NCT03899571.
The Task of the Book of Mormon
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Joseph Smith saw himself as a seer called to rescue the Bible from Protestantism. Smith’s first scripture, his Book of Mormon, repaired, expanded, and revised the Protestant Bible in order to tell America’s primeval history. This Mormon scripture pointed out and exploited the Bible’s weaknesses even as it relied on the infrastructure of that very Bible. The Book of Mormon demonstrated strength where the Bible showed weakness—access to original manuscripts, plain language, canonization, transmission, ecclesiastical direction, and translation itself. The Book of Mormon wasn’t ever intended to be an independent scripture, but instead to be integrated with the Bible it had transformed. Through the Book of Mormon, Smith translated the Bible from one world and vision of scripture to another, in a way that obliterated the temporal separation of the generations of human history. He became thereby a time traveler, with scripture as his time machine.
A gun gap in voter turnout
Authors: Joslyn Mark R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In Chapter 3, a cost–benefit political participation framework is used to demonstrate that gun owners, compared to nonowners, are more likely to vote and more likely to engage in political activity related to gun policy. The voter turnout advantage for gun owners is notable, has increased over the years, and continued during the 2016 presidential election. Data for reported votes and validated votes at presidential and congressional levels constitute the empirical analyses. In addition, gun owners who owned several guns showed the highest rates of electoral participation and gun policy activism. The implications of these findings for electoral politics are discussed.
Safer with a gun
Authors: Joslyn Mark R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chapter 4 examines people’s feelings about gun safety and the connection to gun policy preferences. Those who feel safe around guns are strong supporters of gun rights legislation. Those who feel threatened and not safe around guns prefer strict gun regulations. Personal experiences with guns and the prevalence of guns in people’s social lives are key factors that influence whether people perceive guns as dangerous and a threat to their well-being or safe and a means of protection. Feelings about personal safety or threat are palpable and animate the gun debate in American politics. Given the strong ties between such feelings and gun policy preferences, it is not surprising gun politics are often heated and end in stalemate.
Flaming?
Authors: Jones Alisha Lola 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Flaming?: The Peculiar Theopolitics of Fire and Desire in Black Male Gospel Performance examines the rituals and social interactions of African American men who use gospel music-making as a means of worshiping God and performing gendered identities. Prompted by the popular term “flaming” that is used to identify over-the-top or peculiar performance of identity, Flaming? argues that these men wield and interweave a variety of multivalent aural-visual cues, including vocal style, gesture, attire, and homiletics, to position themselves along a spectrum of gender identities. These multisensory enactments empower artists (i.e., “peculiar people”) to demonstrate modes of “competence” that affirm their fitness to minister through speech and song. Through a progression of transcongregational case studies, Flaming? observes the ways in which African American men traverse tightly knit social networks to negotiate their identities through and beyond the worship experience. Coded and “read” as either hypermasculine, queer, or sexually ambiguous, peculiar gospel performances are often a locus of nuanced protest, facilitating a critique of heteronormative theology while affording African American men opportunities for greater visibility and access to leadership. Same-sex relationships among men constitute an open secret that is carefully guarded by those who elect to remain silent in the face of traditional theology, but musically performed by those compelled to worship “in Spirit and in truth.” This book thus examines the performative mechanisms through which black men acquire an aura of sexual ambiguity, exhibit an ostensible absence of sexual preference, and thereby gain social and ritual prestige in gospel music circles.
“I Am Delivert!”
Authors: Jones Alisha Lola 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Expanding upon previous research about the perceptions of black male vocal participation as queer, chapter 1 explores the sonic qualities of black men’s public renouncement of their gay identity through deliverance testimonies. In a culture where queer people are often regulated to a “don’t ask, don’t tell” social agreement, the testimonies of men delivered from homosexuality conform to what feminist writer Adrienne Rich referred to as compulsory heterosexuality. While deploying ethnomusicological, phonological, linguistic, critical race, and gender studies analysis, chapter 1 examines these delivered believers’ coded and textured performances of orality in Pentecostal worship: virtuosic singing, speaking in other tongues, preaching, and preaching-singing. Their accounts prompt (non-)verbal communication among spectators about what constitutes legitimate and sustained deliverance.
The End of Empathy
Authors: Compton John W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The End of Empathy develops a theoretical framework to explain both the rise of white Protestant social concern in the latter part of the nineteenth century and its sudden demise at the end of the twentieth. The theory proceeds from the premise that religious conviction by itself is rarely sufficient to motivate empathetic political behavior. When believers do act empathetically—for example, by championing reforms that transfer resources or political influence to less privileged groups within society—it is typically because strong religious institutions have compelled them to do so. For much of the twentieth century, the “mainline” Protestant denominations and ecumenical groups performed this role. At key historical junctures—the Progressive Era, the New Deal, the civil rights movement—the nation’s informal religious establishment used its authority to mobilize rank-and-file churchgoers on behalf of government programs that increased economic opportunity and promoted civic inclusion. When this establishment collapsed in the late 1960s—thanks to a confluence of trends in the labor market, higher education, and residential mobility—it produced a large population of white suburbanites who had little reason to seek out mainline Protestant churches or heed their advice on the burning social questions of the day. The churches that flourished in the new age of personal autonomy were those that preached against attempts by government to promote a more equitable distribution of wealth and political authority.
The Churches Do Their Part
Authors: Compton John W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter shows how mainline Protestant religious leaders, often working in conjunction with Jewish and Catholic groups, were instrumental in building popular support for New Deal programs including unemployment insurance, the National Recovery Administration, and the Wagner Act. It shows that Protestant elites offered the Roosevelt administration a variety of tangible forms of assistance—from local educational sessions to letter-writing campaigns to “NRA Sundays”—that went well beyond their public expressions of support. Arguably the churches’ greatest contribution to the construction of the New Deal-era welfare state, however, was to serve as a bulwark against attacks from a growing cadre of proto-libertarian entities on the far right. So long as most Protestants attended mainline churches, and so long as mainline leaders were monolithic in their support of social welfare programs, claims that there was something un-American about redirecting resources to aid the downtrodden remained an exceedingly tough sell.