bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartphone usage duration is not associated with increased pain or proprioception deficit in young adults with chronic mechanical low back pain: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wahba Mina Magdy , Galal Dina Othman Shokri Morsi , Rehan Youssef Aliaa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundSmartphone use has been associated with pain in the upper quadrant; however, the relationship between usage duration and low back pain is still unclear. This study investigated the association between continuous smartphone use up to 30-min and back pain severity and proprioception acuity in patients with chronic low back pain. Fifty-eight patients with chronic mechanical LBP played a game for 10- and 30-min. In each session, pain and back repositioning errors were measured at baseline and immediately after task completion.ResultsPain significantly but slightly increased following smartphone use, regardless to the duration (after 10 min: mean increase = 0.75 ± 1.17,Pvalue < 0.001, 95% CI 0.44–1.06; after 30 min: mean increase = 0.96 ± 1.93,Pvalue < 0.001, 95% CI 0.44–1.46). However, changes in perceived pain scores were not significantly different between the two tested durations (Pvalue = 0.42). Proprioception repositioning error was not significantly different within the same testing session (mean change = 0.08 ± 1.83, 0.13 ± 1.77,Pvalue = 0.73, 0.58, 95% CI − 0.40–0.56, − 0.60–0.33, for the 10 and 30 min, respectively). The changes in proprioception were not significant between the two-tested durations (Pvalue = 0.56). Further, smartphone addiction did not significantly affect changes in pain and proprioception after game playing, regardless of the duration (P> 0.05).ConclusionsThese findings show that smartphone use slightly increases back pain immediately after continuous use; with no effect on back proprioception within the duration tested in this study. Changes in pain and proprioception were not influenced by smartphone addiction.
Biphasic CT imaging of deep neck infections (DNIs): how does dual injection mode helps in differentiation between types of collections?
Authors: Eissa Lamya , Mehanna Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Deep neck infections are showing resurgence in the current era and still pose threatening diagnosis. CT is the gold standard imaging modality; still, the reported low sensitivity and specificity was suggested in view of monophasic injection technique.
The purpose of the study was to discuss the diagnostic accuracy of CT with biphasic mode of injection using and a single scanning phase. The first 50–60 cc of IV contrast are injected at a slow rate of 1 cc/s to (tissue impregnation phase). The other 50–60 cc was injected at a high rate of 2 cc/sec, approximately 1 min after the first injection. The single phase of scanning is made followed by multi-planar image analysis of collection. Discrimination of abscess versus phlegmon is made according to described criteria.

Results
Radiological diagnosis was made of 64/66 cases of abscess and two cases only had phlegmon. The 64 cases of abscess underwent drainage by ENT surgeon showing correctly diagnosed drainable abscess in 59 out of 64 cases and 5 falsely diagnosed as abscess proved to be non-drainable phlegmon. The two patients with radiological diagnosis of non-drainable phlegmons were correctly diagnosed.

Conclusion
The study achieved a high accuracy of 92%. This is likely attributed to dual-phase technique that allows enhancement of the core of a phlegmon by slow interstitial phase, while combined dual injections allow enhancing the “rim enhancement sign” of abscess.
Digital psychiatry and COVID-19: the Big Bang effect for the NHS?
Authors: Dave Subodh , Abraham Seri , Ramkisson Roshelle , Matheiken Shevonne , Pillai Anilkumar S. , Reza Hashim , Bamrah J. S. , Tracy Derek K. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought untold tragedies. However, one outcome has been the dramatically rapid replacement of face-to-face consultations and other meetings, including clinical multidisciplinary team meetings, with telephone calls or videoconferencing. By and large this form of remote consultation has received a warm welcome from both patients and clinicians. To date, human, technological and institutional barriers may have held back the integration of such approaches in routine clinical practice, particularly in the UK. As we move into the post-pandemic phase, it is vital that academic, educational and clinical leadership builds on this positive legacy of the COVID crisis. Telepsychiatry may be but one component of ‘digital psychiatry’ but its seismic evolution in the pandemic offers a possible opportunity to embrace and develop ‘digital psychiatry’ as a whole.
Circulating sDPP-4 is Increased in Obesity and Insulin Resistance but Is Not Related to Systemic Metabolic Inflammation
Authors: Rohmann Nathalie , Schlicht Kristina , Geisler Corinna , Hollstein Tim , Knappe Carina , Krause Laura , Hagen Stefanie , Beckmann Alexia , Seoudy Anna Katharina , Wietzke-Braun Perdita , Hartmann Katharina , Schulte Dominik , Türk Kathrin , Beckmann Jan , von Schönfels Witigo , Hägele Franziska Anna , Bosy-Westphal Anja , Franke Andre , Schreiber Stefan , Laudes Matthias 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Context
Dipeptidylpeptidase (DPP)-4 is a key regulator of the incretin system. It exists in a membrane-bound form and a soluble form (sDPP-4). Initial human studies suggested sDPP-4 to be an adipokine involved in metabolic inflammation. However, recent mechanistic data in genetically modified mice has questioned these findings.

Objectives
We examined circulating sDPP-4 in a cohort of n = 451 humans with different metabolic phenotypes and during 3 different weight loss interventions (n = 101) to further clarify its role in human physiology and metabolic diseases.

Design
sDPP-4 serum concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and related to several phenotyping data including gut microbiome analysis.

Results
sDPP-4 increased with age and body weight and was positively associated with insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia but was reduced in manifest type 2 diabetes. In addition, we found reduced serum concentrations of sDPP-4 in subjects with arterial hypertension. In contrast to earlier reports, we did not identify an association with systemic markers of inflammation. Impaired kidney and liver functions significantly altered sDPP-4 concentrations while no relation to biomarkers for heart failure was observed. Having found increased levels of sDPP-4 in obesity, we studied surgical (gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy) and nonsurgical interventions, revealing a significant association of sDPP-4 with improvement of liver function tests but not with changes in body weight.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that sDPP-4 is related to hepatic abnormalities in obesity rather than primarily functioning as an adipokine and that sDPP-4 is implicated both in glucose and in lipid metabolism, but not fundamentally in systemic inflammation.
Quality of Life in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: The Role of Severity, Clinical Heterogeneity, and Resilience
Authors: Scandurra Cristiano , Modica Roberta , Maldonato Nelson Mauro , Dolce Pasquale , Dipietrangelo Greta G , Centello Roberta , Di Vito Valentina , Bottiglieri Filomena , de Cicco Federica , Giannetta Elisa , Isidori Andrea M , Lenzi Andrea , Muzii Benedetta , Faggiano Antongiulio , Colao Annamaria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Context
Although health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a fundamental outcome in oncological clinical trials, its evaluation in the neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) research field is still limited.

Objectives
This study assessed the role of clinical severity (ie, presence or absence of metastasis and lines of therapies) and heterogeneity (ie, primary site, types of therapy, biology, and surgery) of NEN in relation to HRQoL, as well as resilience as a moderator between clinical severity and HRQoL.

Design
Cross-sectional multicentric study.

Setting
Italian university hospitals.

Patients
A total of 99 Italian patients (53 men and 46 women) with NEN and ranged in age from 22–79 years old.

Main Outcome Measure
Severity and heterogeneity of NENs, HRQoL, and resilience.

Results
The presence of metastasis and a greater number of therapies affected the global health and some physical symptoms. Resilience was associated with global health, functional status, and some physical symptoms, and it moderated the impact of metastases on constipation and of the multiple therapies on diarrhea and financial problems. Patients with NEN in districts other than the gastroenteropancreatic system and those in follow-up perceived fewer physical symptoms than their counterparts. Patients with a sporadic NEN perceived their functional status, global health, and disease-related worries as better than those with a hereditary NEN. Patients who underwent surgery were lower in constipation than their counterparts.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the need to assess the relationships between the clinical severity and heterogeneity of NEN with HRQoL and the role of resilience in improving patients’ HRQoL.
Termites of Solidarity in the House of Austerity: Undermining Fiscal Governance in the European Union
Authors: Greer Scott L. , Brooks Eleanor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
European Union (EU) fiscal governance, especially the European Semester, is an ambitious new governance architecture involving surveillance and discipline, across both Eurozone and non-Eurozone member state policies, in pursuit of fiscal rigor. It is the most recent of several attempts to expand EU powers over member state policy with the goal of austere budgeting, and one that has led to remarkable claims of authority by the EU over member state health policies as detailed as medical school admissions and the role of primary care. It is expected that it would be resisted not just by those who object to an EU role in the organization and delivery of health care but also by those who object to a particular austere approach to health policy. How well is it working? Using two waves of interviews and documentary analysis, and health as a policy case study, the authors document three key techniques that opponents use to undermine the semester's governance architecture: broadening goals, expanding the scope of conflict, and disputing and nuancing indicators. The result is that opponents of a narrow fiscal governance agenda are again successfully undermining the narrow focus of the semester.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Well-Defined Carbon Nanohorn-Supported Molybdenum Dioxo Catalyst by SMART-EM Imaging. Surface Structure at the Atomic Level
Authors: Kratish Yosi , Nakamuro Takayuki , Liu Yiqi , Li Jiaqi , Tomotsuka Issei , Harano Koji , Nakamura Eiichi , Marks Tobin J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The molybdenum dioxo catalyst CNH/MoO2 is prepared via direct grafting of (dme)MoO2Cl2 (dme = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) onto the graphitic surfaces of carbon nanohorn (CNH) substrates. The structure of this heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by SMART-EM, XPS, and ICP, and is found to have single isolated MoO2 species on the surface as well as a few multi-Mo species. The CNH/MoO2 complex exhibits excellent catalytic activity for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrogenolysis, N-oxide reductions, and reductive carbonyl coupling, representing an informative model catalyst for structural and mechanistic investigations.
Accuracy of a Mobile 2D Imaging System for Body Volume and Subsequent Composition Estimates in a Three-Compartment Model
Authors: FEDEWA MICHAEL V. , SULLIVAN KATHERINE , HORNIKEL BJOERN , HOLMES CLIFTON J. , METOYER CASEY J. , ESCO MICHAEL R. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of the study was to compare a single two-dimensional image processing system (IMAGE) to underwater weighing (UWW) for measuring body volume (BV) and subsequently estimating body fat percentage (%Fat), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) via a 3-compartment (3C) model.

Methods
A sample of participants age 18–39 yr was recruited for this study (n = 67, 47.8% female). BV was measured with UWW and predicted via the IMAGE software. The BV estimates from UWW (3CUWW) and IMAGE (3CIMAGE) were separately combined with constant total body water and body mass values for 3C model calculation of %Fat, FM, and FFM.

Results
BV obtained from the IMAGE was 67.76 ± 12.19 and 67.72 ± 12.04 L from UWW, which was not significantly different (P = 0.578) and very largely correlated (r = 0.99, P < 0.001). When converted to %Fat (3CUWW = 21.01% ± 7.30%, 3CIMAGE = 21.08% ± 7.04%, P = 0.775), FM (3CUWW = 14.68 ± 5.15 kg, 3CIMAGE = 14.78 ± 5.08 kg, P = 0.578), and FFM (3CUWW = 57.00 ± 13.20 kg, 3CIMAGE = 56.90 ± 12.84 kg, P = 0.578) with the 3C model, no significant mean differences and very large correlations (r values ranged from 0.96 to 0.99) were observed. In addition, the standard error of estimate, total error, and 95% limits of agreement for all three metrics were small and considered acceptable.

Conclusions
An IMAGE system provides valid estimates of BV that accurately estimates body composition in a 3C model.
Implementing an intensive care registry in India: preliminary results of the case-mix program and an opportunity for quality improvement and research
Authors: Adhikari Neill K. J. , Arali Rajeshwari , Attanayake Udara , Balasundaram Sampath , Beane Abi , Chakravarthy Vijay , Channanath Ashraf Niyaz , Darshana Sri , Devaprasad Dedeepiya , Dondorp Arjen M. , Fowler Robert , Haniffa Rashan , Ishani Pramodya , James Augustian , Jawad Issrah , Jayakumar Devachandran , Kodipilly Chamira , Laxmappa Rakesh , Mangal Kishore , Mani Ashwin , Mathew Meghena , Patodia Sristi , Pattnaik Rajyabardhan , Priyadarshini Dilanthi , Pulicken Mathew , Rabindrarajan Ebenezer , Ramachandran Pratheema , Ramesh Kavita , Rani Usha , Ranjit Suchitra , Ramaiyan Ananth , Ramakrishnan Nagarajan , Ranganathan Lakshmi , Rashan Thalha , Dominic Savio Raymond , Selva Jaganathan , Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan Bharath Kumar , Tripathy Swagata , Tolppa Timo , Udayanga Ishara , Venkataraman Ramesh , Vijayan Deepak 
Published: October 2020

Background: The epidemiology of critical illness in India is distinct from high-income countries. However, limited data exist on resource availability, staffing patterns, case-mix and outcomes from critical illness. Critical care registries, by enabling a continual evaluation of service provision, epidemiology, resource availability and quality, can bridge these gaps in information. In January 2019, we established the Indian Registry of IntenSive care to map capacity and describe case-mix and outcomes. In this report, we describe the implementation process, preliminary results, opportunities for improvement, challenges and future directions. Methods: All adult and paediatric ICUs in India were eligible to join if they committed to entering data for ICU admissions. Data are collected by a designated representative through the electronic data collection platform of the registry. IRIS hosts data on a secure cloud-based server and access to the data is restricted to designated personnel and is protected with standard firewall and a valid secure socket layer (SSL) certificate. Each participating ICU owns and has access to its own data. All participating units have access to de-identified network-wide aggregate data which enables benchmarking and comparison. Results: The registry currently includes 14 adult and 1 paediatric ICU in the network (232 adult ICU beds and 9 paediatric ICU beds). There have been 8721 patient encounters with a mean age of 56.9 (SD 18.9); 61.4% of patients were male and admissions to participating ICUs were predominantly unplanned (87.5%). At admission, most patients (61.5%) received antibiotics, 17.3% needed vasopressors, and 23.7% were mechanically ventilated. Mortality for the entire cohort was 9%. Data availability for demographics, clinical parameters, and indicators of admission severity was greater than 95%. Conclusions: IRIS represents a successful model for the continual evaluation of critical illness epidemiology in India and provides a framework for the deployment of multi-centre quality improvement and context-relevant clinical research.
Formation and Usage Trends of Grain Resources: Experience of Foreign Countries and Russia
Authors: Yakovenko N. , Ivanenko I. 
Published: October 2020

The article provides the dynamics and structure comparative analysis of the wheat resources formation and their usage in Russia, USA, EU countries. The study was based on an assessment of the grain resources balance, which reflect the movement of products from the moment of production to the moment of its final use.
The main trends in the development of the grain sector in the Russian Federation, the USA and the EU countries are revealed. The change in the structure of the grain resources formation from 2000 to 2020, as well as their use is shown. The EU countries and the USA are characterized by a balanced grain food chain. In the structure of US wheat resources usage, domestic consumption, including consumption for livestock and poultry feed, processing for flour, cereals, compound feed and other purposes, occupies about 40%, in EU countries - up to 80% of resources. In the Russian Federation since 2000, a decrease in domestic consumption of wheat has been revealed for all structural components. During the study period, there has been a significant increase in Russian wheat exports. Its share in the resources of the Russian Federation increased from 1.8% in 2000/01 marketing year to 39.3% in 2020/21 marketing year. As a result of the study, the necessity of forming a balanced grain product chain in Russia, the development of domestic demand and consumption has been substantiated.
Estudio del blended learning en el gobierno universitario español: Tecnocracia digital versus conocimiento científico
Authors: Espejo-Villar Belén , Lázaro Herrero Luján , Álvarez-López Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar en perspectiva comparada la dirección institucional que se está haciendo del blended learning en el marco de las universidades. MÉTODO. A partir de una investigación sobre la percepción que tienen los docentes de los apoyos institucionales que reciben en la implementación de la metodología de aprendizaje combinado, se ha querido profundizar en las narrativas que configuran el desarrollo virtual de la enseñanza superior. Para ello, el método llevado a cabo ha sido mixto. Por una parte, se ha hecho un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial con los datos obtenidos de un cuestionario realizado por los docentes de 25 universidades españolas. Por otra parte, se ha utilizado el estudio de caso con el propósito de generar conocimiento en torno a la política institucional a partir del análisis hermenéutico interpretativo de un campus virtual que ha sido un referente en esta temática. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que el gobierno de las universidades está sujeto a parámetros de tecnocracia digital más próximos a la formación que se produce en las organizaciones de mercado que a las políticas de conocimiento desde las que se gesta la modalidad de aprendizaje combinado. Asimismo, dibuja un escenario de virtualización universitaria en el que el profesorado no está siempre presente, y sobre el que, además, no reconoce ningún valor adicional a su uso. En la misma línea, los resultados indican que los docentes no perciben por parte de las instituciones ni de la comunidad universitaria una preocupación por implementar la metodología combinada en sus programas académicos. DISCUSIÓN. Este trabajo nos lleva a reflexionar acerca de la naturaleza que subyace en el incremento de las políticas de virtualización de la educación universitaria.
Research on performance improvement technology of a BaGa4Se7 mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Yang Ke , Liu Gaoyou , Li Chunxiao , Yao Baoquan , Yao Jiyong , Chen Yi , Mi Shuyi , Duan Xiaoming , Dai Tongyu 
Published: October 2020

In this Letter, we demonstrate an average output power of 5.12 W at 3–5 µm from a type-I phase-matching

B
a
G

a

4

S

e

7

(BGSe) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), which is pumped by a 2090 nm

Q

-switched Ho:YAG laser with pulse repetition frequency of 1 kHz. At maximum output level, the corresponding slope efficiency and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency are 30.0% and 18.3%, respectively. Moreover, under ring cavity conditions, the BGSe OPO produced a 3.04 W mid-infrared laser with high beam quality factors

M
2

of 1.47 in the horizontal direction and 1.51 in the vertical direction. Besides, the wavelength-tuning curve for type-I BGSe was also investigated, corresponding to an idler wavelength-tuning range of 4.5–5.3 µm, and the signal light wavelength was 4.5 to 4.1 µm.
High-energy normal-dispersion fiber optical parametric chirped-pulse oscillator
Authors: Becheker Rezki , Touil Mohamed , Idlahcen Saïd , Tang Mincheng , Haboucha Adil , Barviau Benoit , Grisch Frédéric , Camy Patrice , Godin Thomas , Hideur Ammar 
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate a fiber optical parametric chirped-pulse oscillator (FOPCPO) pumped in the normal-dispersion regime by chirped pulses at 1.036 µm. Highly chirped idler pulses tunable from 1210 nm to 1270 nm with energies higher than 250 nJ are generated from our system, along with signal pulses tunable from 870 nm to 910 nm. Numerical simulations demonstrate that further energy scaling is possible and paves the way for the use of such FOPCPOs for applications requiring high-energy, compact, and low-noise sources, such as in biophotonics or spectroscopy.
Two-stage transient stimulated Raman chirped-pulse amplification in KGd(WO4)2 with compression to 145 fs
Authors: Mackonis Paulius , Petrulenas Augustinas , Rodin Aleksej M. , Girdauskas Vytenis , Michailovas Andrejus 
Published: October 2020

We report efficient amplification of chirped supercontinuum pulses in a two-stage stimulated Raman amplifier based on double tungstate [

K
G
d

(

W
O

4

)
2

] crystals, pumped with 1.2 ps transform-limited pulses at a 1030 nm wavelength. The second stage demonstrates a conversion efficiency of 55% with an output pulse energy of 0.6 mJ at a 1135 nm wavelength. The amplified Stokes bandwidth is 10 times the pump bandwidth, providing 145 fs pulses after compression.
UV-pumped visible Tb3+-lasers
Authors: Kalusniak S. , Tanaka H. , Castellano-Hernández E. , Kränkel C. 
Published: October 2020

We report on continuous-wave laser operation of

T
b

3
+

:

L
i
L
u
F

4

under UV pumping. More than five times higher absorption cross sections in the UV allow for shorter gain media, which are required for future high-power diode pumping. The cross-relaxation process is found to efficiently populate the upper laser level

5

D

4

at doping concentrations typically used in

T
b

3
+

-doped gain media. Pumping with a frequency doubled Ti:sapphire laser at 359 nm enables laser operation in the green and yellow spectral range with slope efficiencies of 41% and 20%, respectively, at optical-to-optical efficiencies a factor of two higher than under cyan-blue pumping.