bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoalbuminemia and Obesity in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients: Body Mass Index a Significant Predictor of Surgical Site Complications
Authors: Egbert Ryan C. , Bouck Trevor T. , Gupte Nikhil N. , Pena Miren M. , Dang Khang H. , Ornell Samuel S. , Zelle Boris A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to identify the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia and obesity in orthopaedic trauma patients with high-energy injuries and to investigate their impact on the incidence of surgical site complications. Patients 18 years of age and older undergoing intramedullary nail fixation of their femoral shaft fractures at a university-based level-1 trauma centre were assessed. Malnutrition was measured using serum markers (albumin <3.5 g/dL) as well as body mass index (BMI) as a marker of obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2). The primary outcome measure was surgical wound complications. A total of 249 patients were included in this study. Ninety-eight patients (39.4%) presented with hypoalbuminaemia and 80 patients (32.1%) were obese. The overall incidence of wound complications in our study population was 9.65% (n = 25/259). A logistic regression model showed that non-obese patients (BMI < 30 kg/m2) were at significantly reduced risk for perioperative wound complications (Odds Ratio 0.400 [95% confidence interval 0.168, 0.954], p = 0.039). This study demonstrated a substantial prevalence of hypoalbuminemia and obesity among orthopaedic trauma patients with high-energy injuries. Obesity may increase the risk of surgical site complications. Future studies are required to further define malnutrition and its correlation with surgical site complications in orthopaedic trauma patients.
A Novel Approach in Sorting Chirality Species of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Based on an Aqueous Two-Phase System of Polymer-Salt
Authors: Karandish Marziyeh , Fardindoost Somayeh , Pazuki Gholamreza 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSorting of distinct (n, m) chirality species of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is essential for progress in technical applications in the field of electronic and optic devices. The purpose of this study is to investigate the isolation of single-wall carbon nanotubes based on diameters/chirality in a polymer-salt (polyethylene glycol and sodium citrate) aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) a substitute for common polymer-polymer (polyethylene glycol and dextran) system. The ATPS based on polymer-salt used instead of the common polymer-polymer system due to low viscosity, reduced surface tension, and lower cost of sodium citrate compared to the dextran. For this purpose, the ratio of concentrations of polyethylene glycol to sodium citrate as well as the effect of temperature on the isolation are both investigated and the selectivity and the recovery estimated approximately. The absorbance spectra from both top and bottom phases at different polymer and salt contents and at different temperatures show that by using this system in optimal conditions of polymer to salt ratio of 2:1 at temperature of 20 °C, a suitable separation of nanotubes with 85% yield of the chiral groups of 9 and 10 can be obtained.
Control of the Thermoelectric Properties of Mg2Sn Single Crystals via Point-Defect Engineering
Authors: Saito Wataru , Hayashi Kei , Dong Jinfeng , Li Jing-Feng , Miyazaki Yuzuru 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMg2Sn is a potential thermoelectric (TE) material that can directly convert waste heat into electricity. In this study, Mg2Sn single-crystal ingots are prepared by melting under an Ar atmosphere. The prepared ingots contain Mg vacancies (VMg) as point defects, which results in the formation of two regions: an Mg2Sn single-crystal region without VMg (denoted as the single-crystal region) and a region containing VMg (denoted as the VMg region). The VMg region is embedded in the matrix of the single-crystal region. The interface between the VMg region and the single-crystal region is semi-coherent, which does not prevent electron carrier conduction but does increase phonon scattering. Furthermore, electron carrier concentration depends on the fraction of VMg, reflecting the acceptor characteristics of VMg. The maximum figure of merit zTmax of 1.4(1) × 10−2 is realised for the Mg2Sn single-crystal ingot by introducing VMg. These results demonstrate that the TE properties of Mg2Sn can be optimised via point-defect engineering.
Preparation of palladated porous nitrogen-doped carbon using halloysite as porogen: disclosing its utility as a hydrogenation catalyst
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Malmir Masoumeh , Lazzara Giuseppe , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this article, halloysite nanoclay (Hal) was used as porogen for the synthesis of nitrogen doped porous carbon material with high specific surface area and pore volume. To this purpose, polymerization of melamine and terephthalaldehyde (MT) was performed in the presence of amine-functionalized carbon coated Hal (Hal@Glu-2N) that was prepared from hydrothermal treatment of Hal and glucose. Then, the prepared nanocomposite was palladated and carbonized to afford Pd@Hal@C. To further improve the textural properties of the nanocomposite, and introduce more pores in its structure, Hal nanotubes were etched. The characterization of the resulting compound, Pd@C, and comparing it with Pd@Hal@C, showed that etching of Hal significantly increased the specific surface area and pore volume in Pd@C. Pd@C was successfully used as a heterogeneous catalyst for promoting hydrogenation of nitroarens in aqueous media using hydrogen with atmospheric pressure as a reducing agent. The comparison of the structural features and catalytic activity of the catalyst with some control catalysts, including, Pd@Hal, Pd@Hal@Glu, Pd@Hal@Glu-MT and Pd@Hal@C confirmed that nitrogen groups in C could improve the Pd anchoring and suppress its leaching, while etching of Hal and introduction of more pores could enhance the catalytic activity through facilitating the mass transfer.
Integrating random walk with restart and k-Nearest Neighbor to identify novel circRNA-disease association
Authors: Lei Xiujuan , Bian Chen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCircRNA is a special type of non-coding RNA, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of many complex human diseases. However, it is time-consuming and expensive to determine the circRNA-disease associations through experimental methods. Therefore, based on the existing databases, we propose a method named RWRKNN, which integrates the random walk with restart (RWR) and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) to predict the associations between circRNAs and diseases. Specifically, we apply RWR algorithm on weighting features with global network topology information, and employ KNN to classify based on features. Finally, the prediction scores of each circRNA-disease pair are obtained. As demonstrated by leave-one-out, 5-fold cross-validation and 10-fold cross-validation, RWRKNN achieves AUC values of 0.9297, 0.9333 and 0.9261, respectively. And case studies show that the circRNA-disease associations predicted by RWRKNN can be successfully demonstrated. In conclusion, RWRKNN is a useful method for predicting circRNA-disease associations.
A valuable computed tomography-based new diagnostic tool for severe chest lesions in active pulmonary tuberculosis: combined application of influencing factors
Authors: Li Kui , Jiang Zicheng , Zhu Yanan , Fan Chuanqi , Li Tao , Ma Wenqi , He Yingli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe objective of the present investigation was to explore the influencing factors and value of computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing severe chest lesions in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB). This retrospective investigation included 463 patients diagnosed with APTB. Relevant clinical features were collected. Patients were assigned to mild/moderate group or advanced group depending on the lesion severity on chest CT, severe chest CT lesion refers to the moderately dense or less diffuse lesion that exceeds the total volume of one lung, or the dense fusion lesion greater than one third of the volume of one lung, or the lesion with cavity diameter ≥4 cm. Independent risk factors for severe lesions were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the diagnostic efficiency of the risk factors was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Chest CT demonstrated that there were 285 (61.56%) cases with severe lesions; multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed dust exposure [odds ratio (OR) = 4.108, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.416–6.986], patient classification (OR = 1.792, 95% CI 1.067–3.012), age (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 1.005–1.030), and albumin-globulin ratio (OR = 0.179, 95% CI 0.084–0.383) to be independently correlated with severe lesions on chest CT. ROC curve analysis showed the cutoff values of age, albumin-globulin ratio and combined score to be 39 years, 0.918 and −0.085, respectively. The predictive value of combined score area under the curve 0.753 (95% CI 0.708–0.798) was higher than that of any single factor. The combined score of these four factors further improved the predictive efficacy.
Synergistic Catalysis of Co(OH)2/CuO for the Degradation of Organic Pollutant Under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Akram Naeem , Guo Jia , Ma Wenlan , Guo Yuan , Hassan Afaq , Wang Jide 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe exploration of advanced water treatment technologies e.g. heterogeneous photocatalysis is the most promising way to address organic pollution issues. Semiconductors based bimetallic photocatalysis with wide bandgap, have displayed splendid degradation performance in the UV light region, but their extension to the visible light/near infra-red region is still a matter of great concern. CuO, Co(OH)2, CoO and Co(OH)2/CuO nanocomposites were synthesized via simple co-precipitation method and further practiced for Rhodamine B (RhB) decomposition by introducing per-sulfate (PS) as a sacrificial agent. Results revealed that Co(OH)2/CuO catalyst had shown robust catalytic activity for RhB photodegradation (degradation time 8 min, k = 0.864 min−1) under light illumination, significantly less (12–60 times) than the other reported bimetallic catalysts. Catalyst also have verified excellent performance for a broader pH range (5–9) with excellent stability. Main reactive species responsible for the photocatalytic reaction were sulfate (SO4•−) and superoxide (O2•) radicals, duly verified by ESR and by using radical scavengers. With outstanding recycling abilities, this is probably the fewer successful attempt for RhB decolorization and can be highly favorable for effluent treatment by using the synergic effect of absorption and photodegradation.
The genetic affinities of Gujjar and Ladakhi populations of India
Authors: Singh Mugdha , Sarkar Anujit , Kumar Devinder , Nandineni Madhusudan R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and Ladakh in North India owing to their unique geographic location offer a wide variety of landscape from plains to high altitudes and is a congruence of many languages and cultural practices. Here, we present the genetic diversity studies of Gujjars from Jammu region of J&K and Ladakhi population based on a battery of autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), Y-chromosomal STRs and the control region of the mitochondrial genome. These two populations were observed to be genetically distant to each other as well as to other populations from India. Interestingly, Y-STR analyses showed a closer affinity of Gujjars to other nomadic populations of Pashtuns from Baghlans and Kunduz provinces of Afghanistan and Pashtuns and Sindhis of Pakistan. Gujjars exhibited lesser genetic diversity as compared to Ladakhi population. M30f and M9 were the most abundant mitochondrial haplogroups observed among Gujjars and Ladakhis, respectively. A lower matrilineal to patrilineal diversity was observed for both these populations. The current study presents the first comprehensive analysis of Gujjars and Ladakhis and reveals their unique genetic affiliations with other populations of the world.
Functional dynamics of a single tryptophan residue in a BLUF protein revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Karadi Kristof , Kapetanaki Sofia M. , Raics Katalin , Pecsi Ildiko , Kapronczai Robert , Fekete Zsuzsanna , Iuliano James N. , Collado Jinnette Tolentino , Gil Agnieszka A. , Orban Jozsef , Nyitrai Miklos , Greetham Greg M. , Vos Marten H. , Tonge Peter J. , Meech Stephen R. , Lukacs Andras 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBlue Light Using Flavin (BLUF) domains are increasingly being adopted for use in optogenetic constructs. Despite this, much remains to be resolved on the mechanism of their activation. The advent of unnatural amino acid mutagenesis opens up a new toolbox for the study of protein structural dynamics. The tryptophan analogue, 7-aza-Trp (7AW) was incorporated in the BLUF domain of the Activation of Photopigment and pucA (AppA) photoreceptor in order to investigate the functional dynamics of the crucial W104 residue during photoactivation of the protein. The 7-aza modification to Trp makes selective excitation possible using 310 nm excitation and 380 nm emission, separating the signals of interest from other Trp and Tyr residues. We used Förster energy transfer (FRET) between 7AW and the flavin to estimate the distance between Trp and flavin in both the light- and dark-adapted states in solution. Nanosecond fluorescence anisotropy decay and picosecond fluorescence lifetime measurements for the flavin revealed a rather dynamic picture for the tryptophan residue. In the dark-adapted state, the major population of W104 is pointing away from the flavin and can move freely, in contrast to previous results reported in the literature. Upon blue-light excitation, the dominant tryptophan population is reorganized, moves closer to the flavin occupying a rigidly bound state participating in the hydrogen-bond network around the flavin molecule.
Dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xuan Fei , Li Wei , Guo Xiaoqing , Liu Chuanyong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies had been published to explore the association about carbohydrate intake on esophageal cancer risk, with inconsistent results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer.
Methods: Suitable studies were carefully searched with the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang Database. A random-effects model was used for combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata software 14.0 was adopted for the analysis.
Results: At the end, 13 publications were included in our study. Pooled results suggested that highest category versus lowest category of carbohydrate intake could reduce the risk of esophageal cancer (summarized OR = 0.627, 95% CI = 0.505–0.778, I2 = 59.9%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.001). The results for carbohydrate intake on the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (summarized OR = 0.569, 95% CI = 0.417–0.777) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (summarized OR = 0.665, 95% CI = 0.453–0.975) were consistent with the overall result. A positive association was found in European, Asian, North American populations, instead of South American populations.
Conclusions: In conclusions, dietary carbohydrate intake may have a protective effect against the risk of esophageal cancer.
Fingolimod inhibits proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in sacral chordoma by inactivating IL-6/STAT3 signalling
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Hu Wenhao , Du Xiaowen , Sun Ying , Han Shuai , Tu Guanjun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the sensitivity of the immunosuppressive agent fingolimod (FTY720) in chordoma and determine whether it can serve as an appropriate alternate treatment for unresectable tumours in patients after incomplete surgery.
Methods: Cell viability assays, colony formation assays and EdU assays were performed to evaluate the sensitivity of chordoma cell lines to FTY720. Transwell invasion assays, wound healing assays, flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis, immunofluorescence analysis, Western blotting analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to evaluate cell invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activation of related pathways after treatment with FTY720. The effect of FTY720 was also evaluated in vivo in a xenograft model.
Results: We found that FTY720 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of sacral chordoma cells (P &lt; 0.01). FTY720 also inhibited the proliferation of tumour cells in a xenograft model using sacral chordoma cell lines (P &lt; 0.01). The mechanism was related to the EMT and apoptosis of chordoma cells and inactivation of IL-6/STAT3 signalling in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that FTY720 may be an effective therapeutic agent against chordoma. These findings suggest that FTY720 is a novel agent that can treat locally advanced and metastatic chordoma.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Pure-Tone and Subjective Hearing Screenings Using Spanish-Language Questions
Authors: Everett Alyssa , Wong Aileen , Piper Rosie , Cone Barbara , Marrone Nicole 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivities and specificities of different audiometric hearing screening criteria and single-item and multi-item hearing disability questionnaires among a group of Spanish-speaking adults in a rural community.

Method

Participants were 131 predominantly older (77% 65+ years) Hispanic/Latinx adults (98%). A structured Spanish-language interview and pure-tone threshold test data were analyzed for each participant. The sensitivities and specificities of three single questions and the Hearing Handicap Index for the Elderly–Screening (HHIE-S;
Ventry & Weinstein, 1983
) in Spanish, as well as three audiometric screening criteria, were evaluated in relation to the pure-tone threshold test for detecting hearing loss.

Results

Sensitivity and specificity of audiometric screening criteria varied, but the highest sensitivity was found for the criterion of > 25 dB HL at 1–4 kHz in either ear. The single self-perception question, “
¿Cree usted que tiene pérdida de audición?
(
Do you think you have a hearing loss?),”
was shown to be the most sensitive self-report screening compared to other single-item questions and the HHIE-S. This single question was as sensitive as an audiometric screening to detect a moderate hearing loss (> 40 dB HL in either ear). Results from the Spanish HHIE-S indicated poor performance to detect hearing loss in this population, consistent with previous research.

Conclusions
Among older Spanish-speaking adults, self-reported hearing status had varying sensitivities depending on the question asked. However, of the tools evaluated, the self-perception question proved to be a more sensitive and specific tool than a multi-item screen. Objective audiometric testing (> 25 dB HL) resulted in the highest sensitivity to detect a mild hearing loss.
On Teaching Counseling: Getting Beyond Informational Counseling
Authors: Luterman David 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this article was to examine the current state of counseling education and to present examples of strategies for teaching counseling based on the author's 40 years of university teaching.

Conclusion
Current research suggests that students and clinicians are not getting sufficient training in personal adjustment counseling. A recent unpublished survey suggests that only a few graduate programs require a counseling course for speech-language pathology students. Additional research suggests that, although audiology students do have access to counseling coursework, these courses focus primarily on informational/educational counseling strategies and not on teaching personal adjustment counseling strategies. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association should review current standards for including counseling training in the curriculum, and graduate programs should review how they are teaching counseling and determine if their processes are effective.
A Survey of Reading Teachers: Collaboration With Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Watson Maggie , O'Keefe Casey , Wallace Abigail , Terrell Pamela 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This study investigated reading teachers' (RTs) views of speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) abilities to provide services for clients who have written language disorders. Previous research has shown SLPs often do not provide such services due to time constraints, lack of training, and their perception that other school personnel are more qualified. However, little is known about RTs' views of SLPs' abilities to provide reading/writing intervention.

Method
Three hundred twenty-three RTs responded to a survey designed to determine their perceptions and experiences of SLPs providing services to children with written language difficulties. Respondents were from all regions of the United States.

Results
Approximately 80% of the respondents supported the idea of SLPs providing written language intervention services, with 69% recognizing that there was an evidence base for such intervention. However, many RTs registered some disagreement that SLPs had sufficient training to provide written language instruction and may lack knowledge of the curriculum. These results also identified factors that SLPs wishing to be involved in literacy instruction may need to address including administrative support, involvement in school-wide literacy learning decisions, and participation in professional development opportunities on literacy instruction.

Conclusion
These results indicated that RTs may be supportive of SLPs addressing the written language needs of the students they serve. Although written language intervention is within SLPs' scope of practice, SLPs currently practicing in school settings may need to advocate for themselves to actively be involved in written language instruction.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14312783