bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CA724 predicts overall survival in locally advanced gastric cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Tong Yilin , Zhao Yan , Shan Zexing , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Serum tumor markers including AFU, AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125 and CA724, are of great importance in the diagnosis, prognostic prediction and recurrence monitoring of gastrointestinal malignancies. However, their significance in gastric cancer (GC) patients with neoadjuvant therapy (NCT) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of these six tumor markers in locally advanced GC patients who underwent NCT and curative surgery. Methods: In total, 290 locally advanced GC patients who underwent NCT and D2 radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Data on their tumor markers before (pre-) and after (post-) NCT and pathological characteristics were extracted from the database of our hospital. The optimal cutoff values of the six tumor markers were calculated by the ROC curve and Youden index. Their predictive significance was analyzed and survival curves for overall survival (OS) were obtained by the Kaplan-Meier method. Associations between categorical variables were explored by the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariate analyses were performed by the Cox regression model. Results: Pre- and post-CA199, -CA125 and -CA724 could predict overall survival (all P < 0.05), but only the change (diff-) of CA199 was related to prognosis (P = 0.05). In the multivariable analysis, pre- (P = 0.014) and post-CA724 (P = 0.036) remained significant, though diff-CA724 was not an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.581). In addition, pre- and post-CA199, -CA125 and -CA724 were associated with lymph node metastasis (N- vs N+) and pathological stage (Ⅰ-Ⅱ vs Ⅲ) (all P < 0.05). Moreover, post-CA724 was related to the vascular or lymphatic invasion (P = 0.019), while pre-CA724 was not (P = 0.082). However, AFU, AFP and CEA showed no association with survival (P > 0.05). Conclusions: CA724 is an independent factor for prognosis and could be used to predict ypN and ypTNM stage in locally advanced GC patients undergoing NCT and curative resection.
Parental smoking status affects substance use by adolescents: A national cross-sectional study conducted in Korea
Authors: Lee Jinhee , Kwan Yunna , Min Seongho , Kim Min-Hyuk , Chun Ka Hye , Choi Sungwon , Ahn Joung-Sook 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In the present study, we investigated the association between substance use by adolescents and parental smoking status based on data from the 2016 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, a national school-based survey. Methods: Data from a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents aged 12–18 years (n = 65,528) were analyzed, and the risk of substance use according to the parental smoking status was investigated. Results: We found that smoking by both parents was a greater risk factor for substance use by adolescents than smoking by any one parent. Moreover, maternal smoking was a greater risk for substance use by adolescents than paternal smoking. We also investigated sex differences in the risk of substance use as a result of the parental smoking status. Conclusions: Accurate evaluation of the family smoking environment and whole-family interventions are necessary for preventing and intervening in substance use by adolescents.
A moderated-mediation model of fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sood Sarita , Sharma Ananya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A sudden outbreak of diseases poses a serious threat to mental health. Relying on strengths might mitigate negative mental health outcomes and promote positive mental health. Prior research suggests a potential moderated mediation effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being. Based on the Complete State Model and the Competence-Based Model of mental health, this study examined the relationship between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress moderated by resilience in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires was employed. Data were collected online from 384 participants ( 270 females and 114 males, age range= 15 to 29 years). The participants had indirect exposure to COVID-19 through information from the media. Results demonstrated that fear of illness significantly predicts subjective psychological well-being both directly and indirectly. In addition, the moderated mediation effect of resilience was confirmed. Resilience moderated the indirect effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress. The magnitude of the indirect effect was contingent on resilience. Further, the effect of perceived distress on subjective psychological well-being is weakened as the level of resilience increases. This study contributes theoretically to a better understanding of the salutogenic effect of resilience on positive mental health during a pandemic. Based on the findings, implications and future directions are discussed.
mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq Profiling Analyses Reveal Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Induction of Fruiting Bodies in Ophiocordyceps Sinensis
Authors: Zhang Han , Tong Xinxin , Yue Pan , Bai Jing , Yang Jinyan , Guo Jinlin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ophiocordyceps sinensis has been a source of valuable materials in traditional Asian medicine for over two thousand years. With recent global warming and overharvest, however, the availability of these wild fungi has decreased dramatically. While fruiting bodies of O. sinensis have been artificially cultivated, the molecular mechanisms that govern the induction of fruiting bodies at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels are unclear. In this study, we carried out both mRNA and small RNA sequencing to identify crucial genes and miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) involved in the development of fruiting bodies. A total of 2875 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 71 differentially expressed milRNAs (DEMs) were identified among the mycoparasite complex (MC), the sclerotium (ST) and the fruiting body (FB) stage. Functional enrichment and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, analyses indicated that the ST had increased oxidative stress and energy metabolism, and that mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling might induce the formation of fruiting bodies. Integrated analysis of DEGs and DEMs revealed that n_os_milR16, n_os_milR21, n_os_milR34, and n_os_milR90 could be candidate milRNAs that regulate the induction of fruiting bodies. This study provides transcriptome-wide insight into the molecular basis of fruiting body formation in O. Sinensis, and identifies potential candidate genes for improving induction rate.
Online Hate Network Spreads Malicious COVID-19 Content Outside the Control of Individual Social Media Platforms
Authors: Velasquez Nicolas , Leahy Rhys , Restrepo Nicholas Johnson , Lupu Yonatan , Sear Richard , Gabriel Nicholas , Jha Om , Goldberg Beth , Johnson Neil 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We show that malicious COVID-19 content, including racism, disinformation, and misinformation, exploits the multiverse of online hate to spread quickly beyond the control of any individual social media platform. We provide a first mapping of the online hate network across six major social media platforms. We demonstrate how malicious content can travel across this network in ways that subvert platform moderation efforts. Machine learning topic analysis shows quantitatively how online hate communities are sharpening COVID-19 as a weapon, with topics evolving rapidly and content becoming increasingly coherent. Based on mathematical modeling, we provide predictions of how changes to content moderation policies can slow the spread of malicious content.
Metabarcoding Gillnets to Assess Unaccounted Catch Depredation or Escape
Authors: de Bruyn Mark , Barbato Matteo , Broadhurst Matt 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gillnets are the world’s most common net-based fishing gear, comprising walls of light mesh designed to entangle fish. Like all fishing gears, gillnets are not 100% effective for the targeted catches, and usually catch similar-sized, unwanted animals that are discarded, often dead. Gillnets are often retrieved with holes in the netting, which means some animals escape or are depredated unseen, but with some mortality. To effectively manage fisheries around the world, information is required on not only the harvested and discarded mortalities, but also problematic interactions and mortalities caused by the fishing gear and especially those involving protected species. This study sought to assess a novel method for determining such interactions by sampling pieces of netting around holes in polyethylene gillnets for environmental deoxyribonucleic acid or ‘eDNA’. Here we show that eDNA correctly identified all previously entangled-and-landed species. Also, eDNA from three uncaptured taxa were recorded: bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, white shark, Carcharodon carcharias and dolphins (Delphindae), illustrating the potential to reveal previously cryptic gillnet interactions. We propose that as scientific methods evolve and autonomous real-time DNA surveillance becomes routine, eDNA testing of fishing gears and vessels could provide a novel, complementary fishery-monitoring tool.
Vibrational Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Inliquid Acetic Acid: A Ruler for Molecular Chain Lengths
Authors: Savchenko Viktoriia , Brumboiu Iulia-Emilia , Kimberg Victor , Odelius Michael , Krasnov Pavel , Liu Ji-Cai , Rubensson Jan-Erik , Björneholm Olle , Såthe Conny , Gråsjö Johan , Dong Minjie , Pietzsch Annette , Föhlisch Alexander , Schmitt Thorsten , McNally Daniel , Lu Xingye , Polyutov Sergey , Norman Patrick , Iannuzzi Marcella , Gel'mukhanov Faris , Ekholm Victor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Quenching of vibrational excitations in resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of liquid acetic acid is observed. At the oxygen core resonance associated with localized excitations at the O-H bond, the spectra lack the typical progressionof vibrational excitations observed in RIXS spectra of comparable systems. We interpret this phenomenon as due to strong rehybridization of the unoccupied molecular orbitals as a result of hydrogen bonding. This allows us to address the molecular structure of the liquid, and to determine a lower limit for the average molecular chain length.
miR-486 Expression is Regulated by DNA Methylation in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Namløs Heidi , Skårn Magne , Ahmed Deeqa , Grad Iwona , Andresen Kim , Kresse Stine , Serra Massimo , Scotlandi Katia , Llombart-Bosch Antonio , Myklebost Ola , Lind Guro , Meza-Zepeda Leonardo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of bone occurring in children and young adolescents, and is characterised by complex genetic and epigenetic changes. The miRNA miR-486-5p has been shown to be downregulated in osteosarcoma and in cancer in general. To investigate if the miR-486 locus is epigenetically regulated, we integrated DNA methylation and miR-486-5p expression data using cohorts of osteosarcoma cell lines and patient samples. An upstream CpG island of mir-486 was shown to be highly methylated in osteosarcoma cell lines as determined by methylation-specific PCR and direct bisulfite sequencing. High methylation levels were seen for osteosarcoma patient samples, cell xenografts and cell lines based on quantitative methylation-specific PCR. 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment of osteosarcoma cell lines caused induction of miR-486-5p in osteosarcoma cell lines. When overexpressed, miR-486-5p affected cell morphology. miR-486-5p represents a highly cancer relevant, epigenetically regulated miRNA in osteosarcoma.
Association Between Components of the Delirium Syndrome and Outcomes in Hospitalised Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Tieges Zoë , Quinn Terence , MacKenzie Lorn , Davis Daniel , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , MacLullich Alasdair , Shenkin Susan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Delirium is a heterogeneous syndrome with inattention as the core feature. There is considerable variation in the presence and degree of other symptom domains such as altered arousal, psychotic features and global cognitive dysfunction. Delirium is independently associated with increased mortality, but it is unclear whether individual symptom domains of delirium have prognostic importance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in hospitalised adults in general settings to identify the relationship between symptom domains of delirium and outcomes.(PROSPERO: CRD42018093935). Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, clinicaltrials.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to November 2019. We included studies of hospitalised adults that reported associations between symptom domains of delirium and 30-day mortality (primary outcome), and other outcomes including mortality at other time points, length of stay, and dementia. Reviewer pairs independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies) and quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. We performed random-effects meta-analyses stratified by delirium domain where possible.Results From 7092 citations we included 6 studies (6002 patients, 1112 with delirium). Higher mortality was associated with altered arousal (pooled Odds Ratio (OR) 2.80, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.33-3.37; moderate-quality evidence), inattention (pooled OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.74-3.80; low-quality evidence), and in single studies with disorientation, memory deficits and disorganised thoughts. Risk of bias varied across studies but was moderate-to-high overall, mainly due to selection bias, lack of blinding of assessments and unclear risk of selective outcome reporting. We found no studies on the association between psychotic features, visuospatial deficits or affective disturbances in delirium and outcomes, or studies reporting non-mortality outcomes.Conclusions Few studies have related symptom domains of delirium to outcomes, but the available evidence suggests that altered arousal and inattention in delirium are associated with higher mortality than normal arousal and attention in people with or without delirium. Measurable symptom domains of delirium may have value in predicting survival and stratifying patients for treatment. We recommend that future delirium studies report outcomes by symptom domain.
The Resurgence of Yellow Fever Outbreaks in Nigeria; A 2-Year Review 2017-2019
Authors: Nomhwange Terna , Baptiste Anne , Ezebilo Obi , Nomhwange Erdoo , Bathondeli Blaise , Adejoh Kennedy , Ningi Adamu , Ireye Faith , Nora Eyo , Oteri Joseph , Emelife Kizito , Olajide Lois , Hassan Shehu , Tomori Oyewale 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Yellow fever outbreaks are documented to have a considerable impact not only on the individuals but on the health system with significant economic implications. Efforts to eliminate yellow fever outbreaks globally through the EYE strategy remains important following outbreaks in Africa, Nigeria included. The outbreaks reported in Nigeria, since 2017 and the response efforts provide an opportunity to document and guide interventions for improving future outbreaks in Nigeria and other countries in Africa. Methods We reviewed the available yellow fever surveillance and vaccination response data between September 2017 and September 2019 across the 36 states across Nigeria. We described the epidemiology of the difference outbreaks and the periods for all interventions. We also documented the emergency vaccination responses as well as preventive mass vaccinations implemented towards improving population immunity and limiting epidemic potentials in Nigeria.Results A total of 7,894 suspected cases with 287 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported in Nigeria between September 2017 and September 2019 with a mean age of 19 years and a case fatality of 2.7% amongst all reported cases. Outbreaks were confirmed in 55 LGAs with most of the outbreaks across four major epicentres in Kwara/Kogi, Edo, Ebonyi and Bauchi states. In response to these outbreaks, eight reactive vaccination campaigns, supported through ICG applications, were implemented. The duration for responding to the outbreaks ranged from 15-132 days (average 68 days) and a total of 45,648,242 persons aged <45 years vaccinated through reactive and preventive mass campaigns between September 2017 and September 2019.Conclusions Nigeria experienced intermediate outbreaks of yellow fever between September 2017 and 2019 with vaccination responses conducted to control these outbreaks. However, there are delays in the timeliness of responses and more efforts required in improving reporting, response times and preparedness to further prevent morbidity and mortality from the yellow fever disease outbreaks.
Laparoscopic Specimen Extraction in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Huang Yuanbi , Yi Tian , He Huajie , Li Qiguang , Long Xian , Hu Gaohua , Chen Qiwei , Li Yongpeng , Chen Rongchao , Yi Xianlin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To explore the maximum diameter of specimens that can be extracted with different adjuvant incision length and shape by in vitro physical experiments.Materials and Methods: The abdominal wall with the muscle layer of pigs was fixed on a square wooden frame to simulate the abdominal wall of humans. Then, circular, inverted Y-shaped and straight-line incisions with different sizes and lengths were made for specimen extraction. Specimens of different sizes and textures were then extracted by a force device. The specimen with the largest diameter could be extracted using the smallest incision. The results were analysed by recording the maximum pull force (N). Results: The maximum diameters of specimens that can be extracted with circular ostomy diameters of 2.4, 2.7 and 3.3 cm are 4.0, 4.5 and 6.0 cm, respectively. Specimens with diameters of 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 cm could be extracted with inverted Y-shaped incisions with the length around umbilicus of 1 cm and extension length of 1.0, 3.0, 4.0 cm, respectively. Moreover, these same specimens could be extracted with inverted Y-shaped incisions with the length around umbilicus of 2 cm and extension length of 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 cm, respectively. In straight-line incisions, tough tissue specimens (made from chicken gizzard) with diameters of 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 cm could be removed from incisions with diameters of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 cm, respectively. Conclusion: Along with preoperative imaging, surgical planning and trocar position, the shape and length of adjuvant incisions can be used to improve the extraction of specimens via laparoscopy.
Halide perovskites: third generation photovoltaic materials empowered by metavalent bonding
Authors: Wuttig Matthias , Schön Carl-Friedrich , Schumacher Mathias , Robertson John , Golub Pavlo , Bousquet Eric , Raty Jean-Yves 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Third-generation photovoltaic (PV) materials combine many advantageous properties, including a high optical absorption together with a large charge carrier mobility, facilitated by small effective masses. Halide perovskites (ABX3, where X = I, Br or Cl) appear to be the most promising third-generation PV materials at present. Their opto-electronic properties are governed by the B-X bond. A quantum-chemical bond analysis reveals that this bond differs significantly from ionic, metallic or covalent bonds. Instead, it is better regarded as metavalent, since it shares approximately one p-electron between adjacent atoms. The resulting s–bond is half-filled, which causes pronounced optical absorption. Electron transfer and lattice distortions open a moderate band gap, resulting in charge carriers with small effective masses. Hence metavalent bonding explains the favorable PV properties of halide perovskites. This is summarized in a map for different bond types, which provides a blueprint to design third-generation PV materials.
Proteome Mining of Sortase A Dependent Proteins (SDPs) in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Docking Analysis of SDPs interaction with Sortase A
Authors: Javanshir Nahid , Rezvani Ehsaneh Moslem , Mazhary Zakie , Razani Sepideh , Ahmadian Gholamreza , Allahyari Najaf 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are important probiotics, play a fundamental role in ensuring the health of the gastrointestinal tract, maintaining the microbiome balance, and preventing the gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorder. One of the effective mechanisms in the bacterial-host interaction is related to the action of the enzyme sortase A and Sortase Dependent Proteins (SDPs). Sortase plays an important role in the stabilization and retention of the probiotic in the gut by exposing various SDPs on the bacterial surface proteins which is involved in the attachment of bacteria to the host intestine and retention in the gut.ResultsIn this study, out of 165 LABs reference proteomes, there were 25 SDP-free strains. Among the 140 strains with SDPs, 707 proteins were found with the potential to function as SDPs. In this way, ProtScreen software with the ability to recognize a specific motif and domain in the proteome, which is available at http://nigebprotscreen.com/ was designed. Also a database including 707 SDPs in Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Carnobacterium, and Leuconostoc strains was designed which is available in the project section at online ProtScreen software. Our results showed that the most abundant amino acid in X position in the LPXTG motif among 165(LABs) is glutamine (Q). Results of SDPs and sortase A docking using HADDOCK and CABS-dock tools, showed that the highest binding energy is related to the glutamine, where a positive relationship between frequency of amino acids and binding energy was observed. Therefore, our data shows that why glutamine in nature and during evolution, has been selected as the best amino acid for X site in LPXTG motif.ConclusionsThe results of the present research and similar studies could be useful in better understanding the role of sortase A and SDPs in the studies on the mechanisms related to the interactions between bacteria and the host, including longer probiotic persistence in the gut.
Premature Senescence Leaf 50 Promotes Heat Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: He Yan , Zhang Xiao-bo , Shi Yongfeng , Xu Xia , Li Liangjian , Wu Jian-li 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHeat stress is a major environmental factor that could induce premature leaf senescence in plants. So far, few rice premature senescent leaf mutants have been reported to involve in heat tolerance.FindingsWe identified a premature senescence leaf 50 (psl50) mutant that exhibited a higher heat susceptibility with decreased survival rate, over-accumulated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and increased cell death under heat stress compared with the wild-type. The causal gene PREMATURE SENESCENCE LEAF 50 (PSL50) was isolated by using initial map-based resequencing (IMBR) approach, and we found that PSL50 promoted heat tolerance probably by acting as a modulator of H2O2 signaling in response to heat stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.).ConclusionsPSL50 negatively regulates heat-induced premature leaf senescence in rice.