bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hybrid MCDM model combining DANP with TODIM to evaluate the information quality of community question answering in a two‐dimensional linguistic environment
Authors: Li Ming , Li Ying , Peng Qijin , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEvaluating the information quality of cQA (community question‐answering) websites helps users select a cQA website with high‐quality information and improves the information quality. In this paper, an approach to evaluating the information quality of cQA based on a novel hybrid multicriteria decision‐making (MCDM) model is proposed. First, the source, content, expression and usefulness criteria for evaluating the information quality of the cQA are established. Then, considering the ambiguity and inner correlations of the criteria, DANP ([DEMATEL]‐based Analytic Network Process) and TODIM (interactive and multiple attribute decision making, in Portuguese) methods are combined in a two‐dimensional linguistic environment to process linguistic evaluation information. Lastly, the proposed approach is applied to evaluate the quality of five popular cQA websites. The key criteria are identified, and the evaluation results are derived comprehensively. The key factors consist of reputation, coverage, politeness, usability, helpfulness, clarity, readability and conciseness. The websites, Know almost and Baidu knows, perform better in terms of information quality. The application, along with the sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis, shows the effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed approach has both practical and research implications. It provides an approach for users to choose websites, and, for operators, to improve the information quality of their website. The evaluation criteria and their relations provide a reference for research on the information quality. The evaluation method considers the user's psychological information to provide a more accurate MCDM approach. The comprehensive aspects of the experiment can be used to verify the other MCDM methods.
Understanding the Parental Stress Scale With a Foster Carer Cohort
Authors: Harding Leith , Murray Kate , Shakespeare‐Finch Jane , Frey Ron 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveUsing a cohort of foster and kin carers, the research examined the underlying factor structure of the Parental Stress Scale (PSS; Berry & Jones, 1995). A hypothesized underlying two‐dimensional theoretical model was explored.BackgroundWith the growing demands on the foster care system, including poor retention and recruitment of foster carers, there is an urgent need to explore the positive and negative factors that may influence carers continued engagement in the role.MethodThe factor structure of the PSS was examined in a sample of foster and kin carers in Australia (N = 324). The PSS consists of 10 statements addressing stressful aspects of parenting and eight statements addressing satisfying aspects of parenting. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) explored the underlying theoretical structure of the scale as determined by the developers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm whether four factors would sustain reduction to a two‐dimensional (satisfaction–stress) model.ResultsEFA and CFA supported a two‐dimensional moderately correlated model measuring parent stress and parent satisfaction. The Parent Stress Index IV Short Form provided concurrent validity for the PSS stress subscale and previous analyses have also identified the strength of these dimensions over time, cohorts, and contexts.ConclusionThe current study supports using the subscale scores in research with foster carers and potentially other populations to better capture both stress and rewards and satisfaction related to their parenting role.ImplicationsApplication of the PSS subscales can assess interactions or moderating effects of parenting in specific cohorts, making the PSS a valuable instrument to examine the balance between stress and reward for parents, foster parents and others who are “parenting” children.
Ductile tearing analyses of cracked TP304 pipes using the multiaxial fracture strain energy model and the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model
Authors: Wang Tao , Wen Jian‐Feng , Kim Yun‐Jae , Tu Shan‐Tung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuctile crack growth behaviours of TP304 pipes containing different circumferential defects were investigated in the study. Finite element (FE) damage analysis of the ductile fracture was carried out based on an uncoupled multiaxial fracture strain energy (MFSE) model with only two model parameters, which can be calibrated by data from tensile tests and fracture toughness tests. For the purpose of comparison, the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model was also employed in the FE damage analysis. It is observed that the MFSE model can reproduce the ductile tearing experiments as excellently as the GTN model does. Despite its simplicity, the MFSE model can reasonably predict the magnitudes of the crack initiation load and maximum load, the load‐line displacement, the crack mouth opening displacement, the crack extension and the crack profiles in the full‐scale cracked pipe tests.
The native speaker fallacy in a U.S. university Japanese and Chinese program
Authors: Tsuchiya Shinsuke 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInformed by concepts of native speakers, racial nativism, and language socialization theory, this study documented the existence of the native speaker fallacy (Phillipson, 1992,Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press) in a university‐level Japanese and Chinese program in the United States. Specifically, the researcher collected survey responses from language teachers and students, conducted interviews, and observed the teacher training process, one‐on‐one teaching sessions, and classroom teaching over the course of 2 academic years. A regression analysis showed how the perception of native and non‐native speakers was significantly influenced by students’ language level, native language, and race, and by the language program itself. The cases of a dialectal speaker and biracial Japanese teachers illustrated the effects of the bifurcated categorizations on teachers who do not fit in the dichotomy. Implications derived from this study call for critical analysis of the valorization of standard dialect and investigation into ways that will make more room for diversity in the language classroom. This study also underscores the importance of debriefing meetings that allow language professionals and students to reflect their teaching and learning experiences in relation to their identities and to examine unquestioned assumptions about language and racial identities and language standardization in increasingly globalized and diverse communities.
Mineralogical associations with soil carbon in managed wetland soils
Authors: Anthony Tyler L. , Silver Whendee L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCarbon (C)‐rich wetland soils are often drained for agriculture due to their capacity to support high net primary productivity. Increased drainage is expected this century to meet the agricultural demands of a growing population. Wetland drainage can result in large soil C losses and the concentration of residual soil minerals such as iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al). In upland soils, reactive Fe and Al minerals can contribute to soil C accumulation through sorption to poorly crystalline minerals and coprecipitation of organo‐metal complexes, as well as C loss via anaerobic respiration by Fe‐reducing bacteria. The role of these minerals in soil C dynamics is often overlooked in managed wetland soils and may be particularly important in both drained and reflooded systems with elevated mineral concentrations. Reflooding drained soils have been proposed as a means to sequester C for climate change mitigation, yet little is known about how reactive Fe and Al minerals affect C cycling in restored wetlands. We explored the interactions among soil C and reactive Fe and Al minerals in drained and reflooded wetland soils. In reflooded soils, soil C was negatively associated with reactive Fe and reduced Fe(II), a proxy for anaerobic conditions (reactive Fe:R2 = .54–.79; Fe(II):R2 = .59–.89). In drained soils, organo‐Al complexes were positively associated with soil C and Fe(II) (AlR2 = .91; Fe(II):R2 = .54–.60). Soil moisture, organo‐Al, and reactive Fe explained most of the variation observed in soil C concentrations across all sites (p < .01). Reactive Fe was negatively correlated to soil C concentrations across sites, suggesting these Fe pools may drive additional C losses in drained soils and limit C sequestration with reflooding. In contrast, reactive organo‐Al in drained soils facilitates C storage via aggregation and/or formation of anaerobic (micro)sites that protect residual soil C from oxidation and may at least partially offset C losses.
Do pre‐existing microcracks play a role in the fracture resistance of roots in a laboratory setting?
Authors: Cavalcante D. M. , Belladonna F. G. , Simões‐Carvalho M. , Carvalhal J. C. A. , Souza E. M. , Lopes R. T. , Silva E. J. N. L. , Dummer P. M. H. , De‐Deus G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate a potential cause–effect relationship between dentinal microcracks and fracture resistance of mandibular incisors that had not been endodontically treated.MethodologySixty mandibular incisors with circular‐shaped canals were selected based on micro‐computed tomographic scans to create a homogeneous sample. The cross‐sectional images of the specimens were screened to identify and quantify the presence of dentinal microcracks. Then, teeth were embedded in polystyrene resin and subjected to axial compressive loading using a universal testing machine. After fracture, the roots were re‐scanned and fractography analysis was performed by inspection of 3D models to verify crack propagation. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the correlation between the number of microcracks and force required to fracture.ResultsDentinal microcracks were detected in 79% of the specimens (n = 44). The incidence of microcracks varied between teeth from 6% to 42% of the total slices per sample (average of 14 ± 17%). The number of microcracks per sample varied from 0 to 1605, with an average of 412 ± 484 (median = 221 and IQR 25% = 15/75% = 658). The load at failure values varied from 227 to 924 N, with an average of 560.3 ± 168.1 N (median = 561 and IQR 25% = 458/75% = 694). The Spearman correlation coefficient (rho) equalled 0.065.ConclusionsThere was no cause–effect relationship between the number of dentinal microcracks and the fracture resistance of nonendodontically treated mandibular incisors. The presence and quantity of microcracks did not make these roots more prone to fracture.
3D mesoporous bioactive glass/silk/chitosan scaffolds and their compatibility with human adipose‐derived stromal cells
Authors: Phetnin Ratiya Buapa , Suksaweang Sanong , Giannasi Chiara , Brini Anna Teresa , Niada Stefania , Srisuwan Sawitri , Rattanachan Sirirat Tubsungnoen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) have been popularly studied as cell‐based therapy in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into several cell types. In this study, in order to improve the mechanical strength and bioactivity of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, three types of mesoporous bioactive glasses with different shapes and compositions were dispersed in the silk fibroin/chitosan (SF/CS)‐based scaffolds, which were fabricated with a combination of freezing and lyophilization. The characteristic and physical properties of these composite scaffolds were evaluated. The biocompatibility was also assessed through hASCs in vitro tests. Both Alamar Blue® and Live/Dead assay® revealed that the spherical mesoporous bioactive glass doped scaffolds enhanced cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, the addition of spherical mesoporous bioactive glass into SF/CS scaffolds encouraged hASC osteogenic differentiation as well. These results suggested that this composite scaffold can be applicable material for bone regeneration.
Immunometabolism of Leishmania granulomas
Authors: Saunders Eleanor C , McConville Malcolm J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLeishmania are parasitic protists that cause a spectrum of diseases in humans characterized by the formation of granulomatous lesions in the skin or other tissues, such as liver and spleen. The extent to which Leishmania granulomas constrain or promote parasite growth is critically dependent on the host T‐helper type 1/T‐helper type 2 immune response and the localized functional polarization of infected and noninfected macrophages toward a classically (M1) or alternatively (M2) activated phenotype. Recent studies have shown that metabolic reprograming of M1 and M2 macrophages underpins the capacity of these cells to act as permissive or nonpermissive host reservoirs, respectively. In this review, we highlight the metabolic requirements of Leishmania amastigotes and the evidence that these parasites induce and/or exploit metabolic reprogramming of macrophage metabolism. We also focus on recent studies highlighting the role of key macrophage metabolic signaling pathways, such as mechanistic target of rapamycin, adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator receptor gamma in regulating the pathological progression of Leishmania granulomas. These studies highlight the intimate connectivity between Leishmania and host cell metabolism, the need to investigate these interactions in vivo and the potential to exploit host cell metabolic signaling pathways in developing new host‐directed therapies.
Comparison of dragging ablation and point‐by‐point ablation with a laser balloon on linear lesion formation
Authors: Nagase Takahiko , Kobori Atsushi , Inaba Osamu , Sasaki Yasuhiro , Tomizawa Naoki , Asano So , Fukunaga Hiroshi , Mabuchi Kei , Inoue Kanki , Tanizaki Kohei , Murai Tatsuya , Iguchi Nobuo , Nitta Junichi , Isobe Mitsuaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionLesion size and continuity in dragging laser balloon (LB) ablation, which may enable fast and durable pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation, are unknown. We evaluated the differences in size and continuity of linear lesions formed by dragging ablation and conventional point‐by‐point ablation using an LB in vitro model.Methods and ResultsChicken muscles were cauterized using the first‐generation LB in dragging and point‐by‐point fashion. Dragging ablation was manually performed with different dragging speeds (0.5–2°/s) using an overlap ratio of the beginning and last site during one application at 12 W/20 s and 8.5 W/30 s. Point‐by‐point ablation was performed with 25% and 50% overlap ratios at six energy settings (5.5 W/30 s to 12 W/20 s). Lesion depth, width, and continuity were compared. Lesion continuity was assessed by the surface and deep visible gap degree categorized from 1 (perfect) to 3 (poor). Twenty lesions were evaluated for each ablation protocol. Lesion depth and width in dragging ablation at high power (12 W) were comparable with most measurements in point‐by‐point ablation. Lesion depth and width were smaller at faster‐dragging speed and lower power (8.5 W) in dragging ablation. The surface visible gap degree was better in dragging ablation at all dragging speeds than a 25% overlapped point‐by‐point ablation (p < .001).ConclusionDragging LB ablation at high power provides deep and continuous linear lesion formation comparable with that of point‐by‐point LB ablation. However, lesion depth and width depending on the dragging speed and power.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of circular RNA CDR1as/ciRS‐7 for solid tumours: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zou Yutian , Zheng Shaoquan , Deng Xinpei , Yang Anli , Kong Yanan , Kohansal Maryam , Hu Xiaoqian , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe circular RNA, CDR1as/ciRS‐7, functions as a vital regulator in various cancers; however, the predictive value of CDR1as remains controversial. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis for clarifying the precise diagnostic and prognostic value of CDR1as in solid tumours is needed. A literature review of several databases was conducted for identifying potential studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were used for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy variables and survival. Overall, 15 studies (1787 patients) and 11 studies (1578 patients) were included for diagnostic and prognostic outcome syntheses, respectively. Up‐regulated CDR1as expression was found to be correlated with worse clinicopathological characteristics, including the T status, N status, histological grade, TNM stage and distant metastasis. The synthesized sensitivity was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65‐0.79), and the specificity was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74‐0.86). The positive likelihood ratio (LR), negative LR and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 3.70, 0.34 and 10.80, respectively. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.80‐0.87). In the pooled prognostic analysis, patients with high CDR1as expression had worse overall survival (HR = 2.40, P < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (HR = 1.74, P < 0.001). These results suggest that CDR1as is a reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker with high accuracy and efficiency, which may potentially facilitate clinical decisions on solid tumours in the future.
The microRNA miR‐134‐5p induces calcium deposition by inhibiting histone deacetylase 5 in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Choe Nakwon , Shin Sera , Joung Hosouk , Ryu Juhee , Kim Young‐Kook , Ahn Youngkeun , Kook Hyun , Kwon Duk‐Hwa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCalcium deposition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a form of ectopic ossification in blood vessels. It can result in rigidity of the vasculature and an increase in cardiac events. Here, we report that the microRNA miR‐134‐5p potentiates inorganic phosphate (Pi)‐induced calcium deposition in VSMCs by inhibiting histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). Using miRNA microarray analysis of Pi‐treated rat VSMCs, we first selected miR‐134‐5p for further evaluation. Quantitative RT‐PCR confirmed that miR‐134‐5p was increased in Pi‐treated A10 cells, a rat VSMC line. Transfection of miR‐134‐5p mimic potentiated the Pi‐induced increase in calcium contents. miR‐134‐5p increased the amounts of bone runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) mRNA in the presence of Pi but decreased the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG). Bioinformatic analysis showed that the HDAC5 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) was one of the targets of miR‐134‐5p. The luciferase construct containing the 3′UTR of HDAC5 was down‐regulated by miR‐134‐5p mimic in a dose‐dependent manner in VSMCs. Overexpression of HDAC5 mitigated the calcium deposition induced by miR‐134‐5p. Our results suggest that a Pi‐induced increase of miR‐134‐5p may cause vascular calcification through repression of HDAC5.
Discontinuation of Statins in Veterans Admitted to Nursing Homes near the End of Life
Authors: Thorpe Carolyn T. , Sileanu Florentina E. , Mor Maria K. , Zhao Xinhua , Aspinall Sherrie , Ersek Mary , Springer Sydney , Niznik Joshua D. , Vu Michelle , Schleiden Loren J. , Gellad Walid F. , Hunnicutt Jacob , Thorpe Joshua M. , Hanlon Joseph T. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESGeriatric guidelines recommend against statin use in older adults with limited life expectancy (LLE) or advanced dementia (AD). This study examined resident and facility factors predicting statin discontinuation after nursing home (NH) admission in veterans with LLE/AD taking statins for secondary prevention.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study of Veterans Affairs (VA) bar code medication administration records, Minimum Data Set (MDS) assessments, and utilization records linked to Medicare claims.SETTINGVA NHs, known as community living centers (CLCs).PARTICIPANTSVeterans aged 65 and older with coronary artery disease, stroke, or diabetes mellitus, type II, admitted in fiscal years 2009 to 2015, who met criteria for LLE/AD on their admission MDS and received statins in the week after admission (n = 13,110).MEASUREMENTSResidents were followed until statin discontinuation (ie, gap in statin use ≥14 days), death, or censoring due to discharge, day 91 of the stay, or end of the study period. Competing risk models assessed cumulative incidence and predictors of discontinuation, stratified by whether the resident had their end‐of‐life (EOL) status designated or used hospice at admission.RESULTSOverall cumulative incidence of statin discontinuation was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 30%–32%) by day 91, and it was markedly higher in those with (52%; 95% CI = 50%–55%) vs without (25%; 95% CI = 24%–26%) EOL designation/hospice. In patients with EOL designation/hospice (n = 2,374), obesity, congestive heart failure, and admission from nonhospital settings predicted decreased likelihood of discontinuation; AD, dependency in activities of daily living, greater number of medications, and geographic region predicted increased likelihood of discontinuation. In patients without EOL designation/hospice (n = 10,736), older age and several specific markers of poor prognosis predicted greater discontinuation, whereas obesity/overweight predicted decreased discontinuation.CONCLUSIONMost veterans with LLE/AD taking statins for secondary prevention do not discontinue statins following CLC admission. Designating residents as EOL status, hospice use, and individual clinical factors indicating poor prognosis may prompt deprescribing.
Neuronal mechanisms of adenosine A2A receptors in the loss of consciousness induced by propofol general anesthesia with functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Chen Lei , Li Shuang , Zhou Ying , Liu Taotao , Cai Aoling , Zhang Zongze , Xu Fuqiang , Manyande Anne , Wang Jie , Peng Mian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPropofol is the most common intravenous anesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, and has been used clinically for more than 30 years. However, the mechanism by which propofol induces loss of consciousness (LOC) remains largely unknown. The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has been extensively proven to have an effect on physiological sleep. It is, therefore, important to investigate the role of A2AR in the induction of LOC using propofol. In the present study, the administration of the highly selective A2AR agonist (CGS21680) and antagonist (SCH58261) was utilized to investigate the function of A2AR under general anesthesia induced by propofol by means of animal behavior studies, resting‐state magnetic resonance imaging and c‐Fos immunofluorescence staining approaches. Our results show that CGS21680 significantly prolonged the duration of LOC induced by propofol, increased the c‐Fos expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc) and suppressed the functional connectivity of NAc‐dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) and NAc‐cingulate cortex (CG). However, SCH58261 significantly shortened the duration of LOC induced by propofol, decreased the c‐Fos expression in NAc, increased the c‐Fos expression in DR, and elevated the functional connectivity of NAc‐DR and NAc‐CG. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the important roles played by A2AR in the LOC induced by propofol and suggest that the neural circuit between NAc‐DR maybe controlled by A2AR in the mechanism of anesthesia induced by propofol.
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