bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existence of least energy nodal solution for Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson system with potential vanishing
Authors: Zhang Jin-Long , Wang Da-Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with the following Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson system: $$ \textstyle\begin{cases} -(a+b\int _{\mathbb{R}^{3}} \vert \nabla u \vert ^{2}\,dx)\Delta u+V(x)u+\phi u=K(x)f(u)&\text{in } \mathbb{R}^{3}, \\ -\Delta \phi =u^{2}&\text{in } \mathbb{R}^{3}, \end{cases} $$

{

−
(
a
+
b

∫

R
3

|
∇
u

|
2

d
x
)
Δ
u
+
V
(
x
)
u
+
ϕ
u
=
K
(
x
)
f
(
u
)

in

R
3

,

−
Δ
ϕ
=

u
2

in

R
3

,

where a, b are positive constants, $K(x)$
K
(
x
)
, $V(x)$
V
(
x
)
are positive continuous functions vanishing at infinity, and $f(u)$
f
(
u
)
is a continuous function. Using the Nehari manifold and variational methods, we prove that this problem has a least energy nodal solution. Furthermore, if f is an odd function, then we obtain that the equation has infinitely many nontrivial solutions.
Existence of nontrivial solutions for fractional Schrödinger equations with electromagnetic fields and critical or supercritical nonlinearity
Authors: Li Quanqing , Teng Kaimin , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following fractional Schrödinger equation with electromagnetic fields and critical or supercritical nonlinearity: $$ (-\Delta )_{A}^{s}u+V(x)u=f\bigl(x, \vert u \vert ^{2}\bigr)u+\lambda \vert u \vert ^{p-2}u,\quad x \in \mathbb{R}^{N}, $$(−Δ)Asu+V(x)u=f(x,|u|2)u+λ|u|p−2u,x∈RN, where $(-\Delta )_{A}^{s}$(−Δ)As is the fractional magnetic operator with $0< s<1$0<s<1, $N>2s$N>2s, $\lambda >0$λ>0, $2_{s}^{*}=\frac{2N}{N-2s}$2s∗=2NN−2s, $p\geq 2_{s}^{*}$p≥2s∗, f is a subcritical nonlinearity, and $V \in C(\mathbb{R}^{N},\mathbb{R})$V∈C(RN,R) and $A \in C(\mathbb{R}^{N}, \mathbb{R}^{N})$A∈C(RN,RN) are the electric and magnetic potentials, respectively. Under some suitable conditions, by variational methods we prove that the equation has a nontrivial solution for small $\lambda >0$λ>0. Our main contribution is related to the fact that we are able to deal with the case $p>2_{s}^{*}$p>2s∗.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors use in type II diabetic patients in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Mak Woh Yon , Nagarajah Jivanraj R. , Abdul Halim Hannah , Ramadas Anitha , Mohd Pauzi Zulsairi , Pee Lay Ting , Jagan Nirmala 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In Malaysia, for more than a decade, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are among the oral antidiabetic medications used as monotherapy or in combination to manage type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These medications are known for the efficacy in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction and weight neutral effect with minimal hypoglycaemia occurrence. This study aimed to identify the outcomes of DPP-4i use in one of the largest tertiary public hospital in Southeast Asia.

Methods
This is a retrospective cross sectional study conducted in 2016, where stratified sampling method was used. Patients with T2DM treated with available DPP-4i; namely Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin and Vildagliptin, for at least 3 months were identified from the pharmacy record. Medical records from Physician Clinic in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) were reviewed. Data on demographic, anthropometric, antidiabetic treatment modalities, laboratory and documented outcomes were collected. Outcomes endpoints which include changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and body weight were recorded and analysed. Adverse drug reactions (ADR) documented were also reported.

Results and discussion
A total of one hundred and five patients were recruited. The patients were 49.5% men (n = 52), with a mean age of 57 years, mean HbA1c of 8.5% (69 mmol/mol) and mean BMI of 29.5 kg/m2. At least 50% of the patients had T2DM for more than 10 years and more than two third of these patients had both T2DM and hypertension. Thirty nine patients were on Vildagliptin, 32 on Sitagliptin, 26 on Saxagliptin and the remaining on Linagliptin. The most commonly prescribed DPP-4i were Vildagliptin and Sitagliptin. Majority of the patients (90.4%) were prescribed with Metformin, with 62.8% of patients on fixed-dose combination, and the remaining on add-on Metformin therapy. Use of DPP-4i as an adjunct was associated with a mean reduction of 0.9% (9 mmol/mol) in HbA1c (p < 0.0001) and 1.15 mmol/L (19.82 mg/dL) in FBG (p = 0.001) without significant weight changes (p = 0.745). Sitagliptin had the highest reduction in HbA1c (1.66%,19 mmol/mol; p-value< 0.0001). Twelve ADRs were reported with the highest report on gastrointestinal intolerance (n = 7). None of the ADR reported caused any significant harm to the patients.

Conclusion
Overall, use of these DPP-4i as an adjunct antidiabetic was associated with reduction in HbA1c.
Why workers’ turnover is so high: managed flexibility and the intermediary chain of China’s migrant labor market
Authors: Liu Zixi , Zhu Jianghuafeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLooking at how the global factories organize and control their labor forces sustainably and effectively, a considerable number of studies have focused on the politics of production but have seldom discussed the organization of the labor market beyond the workplace. Based on fieldwork about labor recruitment in the manufacturing industry in City W, this article analyzes the organizational ecology of the current labor market and its embedded institutional environment. It shows that to satisfy factories’ demand for flexible labor, the organizational ecology of the labor market has developed an intermediary chain characterized by multilevel outsourcing, an elaborate division of labor, and constant internal competition and cooperation. Although the intermediary chain coordinates flexible production, its profit-making model and business strategies drive up labor costs, consistently aggravating labor turnover and constructing low-skilled labor force. Local government, enterprises, and workers are the three forces constituting the institutional environment that nurtures this intermediary chain. Each of them makes use of “flexibility” for their own interests, unintentionally increasing the risks to the production system.
Current understanding of adult neurogenesis in the mammalian brain: how does adult neurogenesis decrease with age?
Authors: Kase Yoshitaka , Shimazaki Takuya , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdult neurogenesis occurs throughout life in restricted brain regions in mammals. However, the number of neural stem cells (NSCs) that generate new neurons steadily decreases with age, resulting in a decrease in neurogenesis. Transplantation of mesenchymal cells or cultured NSCs has been studied as a promising treatment in models of several brain injuries including cerebral infarction and cerebral contusion. Considering the problems of host-versus-graft reactions and the tumorigenicity of transplanted cells, the mobilization of endogenous adult NSCs should be more feasible for the treatment of these brain injuries. However, the number of adult NSCs in the adult brain is limited, and their mitotic potential is low. Here, we outline what we know to date about why the number of NSCs and adult neurogenesis decrease with age. We also discuss issues applicable to regenerative medicine.
Review: transcriptome and trans-omics analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fujio Keishi , Takeshima Yusuke , Nakano Masahiro , Iwasaki Yukiko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which was recognized as a defined clinical entity more than 100 years ago, is an archetype for systemic autoimmune diseases. The 10-year survival of SLE patients has shown dramatic improvement during the last half-century. However, SLE patients receiving long-term prednisone therapy are at high risk of morbidity due to organ damage. Identification of key immune pathways is mandatory to develop a suitable therapy and to stratify patients based on their responses to therapy. Recently developed transcriptome and omic analyses have revealed a number of immune pathways associated with systemic autoimmunity. In addition to type I interferon, plasmablast and neutrophil signatures demonstrate associations with the SLE phenotype. Systematic investigations of these findings enable us to understand and stratify SLE according to the clinical and immunological features.
Level of heavy metals in sliced watermelon fruits in selected markets in Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Oladele Oluwole Olakunle , Aladesanmi Omolola Comfort 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Fruits are increasingly becoming important dietaries in Nigeria because of its nutritional importance and one of the most sliced fruits that are highly purchased in Nigeria today is watermelon. Nevertheless, consumption of heavy metal contaminated fruits could pose a risk to human health. Therefore, the aim of this work was to determine heavy metal contamination in sliced watermelon fruits in selected Nigerian markets to ascertain their public health safety before consumption.

Methods
A total of 54 sliced watermelon fruits were randomly sampled from six different vendors (A –F) in each of the selected markets (Isinkan, Shasha, and Oja-Oba). Samples were digested and analyzed for heavy metal concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and values compared with WHO (World Health Organization) permissible levels.

Results
The nickel (Ni) levels detected in the sliced fruits across the markets ranged from 0.20 ± 0.01 (Isinkan) to 1.42 ± 0.02 mg kg−1 (Oja-Oba), while chromium (Cr) levels detected ranged from 0.04 ± 0.01 (Shasha) to 0.12 ± 0.02 mg kg−1 (Oja-Oba). Copper (Cu) levels ranged from 0.04 ± 0.00 (Isinkan) to 0.13 ± 0.03 mg kg−1 (Oja-Oba). Remarkably, cadmium and lead were not detected in any of the sliced fruits. Additionally, the levels of Cu in this study were generally below the WHO permissible levels. However, the levels of Ni in all the sliced watermelon fruits, aside the one purchased from vendor D in Isinkan market, were found to be above the permissible levels. Similarly, Cr levels in the sliced fruits purchased only from vendors A, E, and F in Shasha and vendor C in Oja-Oba markets were also found to be above the permissible levels.

Conclusion
This research work provides valuable information on heavy metal contents of sliced watermelon fruits in Akure markets when compared with WHO permissible levels. Fruits with higher values of these metals could constitute health hazards when such fruits are consumed. Hence, there is need to monitor the levels of these metals in sliced fruits from exceeding the acceptable levels as established by regulatory agencies.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Predictive Value of Cell-Free DNA–Based Androgen Receptor Copy Number Gain in Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tolmeijer Sofie H. , Boerrigter Emmy , Schalken Jack A. , Geerlings Maartje J. , van Oort Inge M. , van Erp Nielka P. , Gerritsen Winald R. , Ligtenberg Marjolijn J.L. , Mehra Niven 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE It has been suggested that androgen receptor copy number gain ( AR gain) detected in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can predict treatment response to androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). But it is unclear whether cfDNA-based AR gain is a true resistance mechanism to ARSIs or mainly a reflection of the tumor burden. In this systematic review, we aim to summarize current literature and comment on the potential of cfDNA-based AR gain as a predictive biomarker to guide therapy choices. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Sixteen articles published before November 2019 were selected for the meta-analysis, representing more than 1,000 patients. By using a random effects model, the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with and without cfDNA-based AR gain who had been treated with ARSIs or with taxane chemotherapy. RESULTS Upon treatment with ARSIs, the PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.33; 95% CI, 2.00 to 2.72; P < .0001) and the OS (HR, 3.83; 95% CI, 3.11 to 4.70; P < .0001) were worse for patients with cfDNA-based AR gain, independent of the line and type of ARSIs. The OS and PFS in patients treated with first-line docetaxel or second-line or third-line cabazitaxel seemed to be unaffected by AR gain, despite a higher disease burden in patients with AR gain. AR gain was associated with reduced response with later lines of docetaxel. CONCLUSION In patients with CRPC, cfDNA-based AR gain is associated with a worse response to ARSIs. The effect on patients who are receiving taxane chemotherapy seems to be dependent on the type and line, although data are limited. Future prospective studies are essential to assess the true potential of cfDNA-based AR gain as a minimally invasive biomarker to guide therapy choice.
Unmasked Testicular Seminoma During Use of Hormonal Transgender Woman Therapy: A Hidden hCG-Secreting Tumor
Authors: Elshimy Ghada , Tran Kelvin , Harman Sherman M , Correa Ricardo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Management of gender-affirming hormone therapy (HT) in transgender women includes surveillance of testosterone (T) levels. Failure of T to suppress, despite adherence to therapy, warrants additional investigations for unexpected sources of T or factors stimulating T secretion. Possible causes include T or gonadotropin production by an occult neoplasm. Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy affecting biological men aged between 15 and 35 years. Patients may be asymptomatic until tumor burden is high and/or metastatic. Hormone-producing tumors have rarely been reported in treated transgender women. Routine screening tests are recommended in a gender-incongruent person as per the 2017 Endocrine Society guidelines with measurement of T levels every 3 months initially to reach a goal of less than 50 ng/dL. Expectations should be discussed in detail with the transgender person since anticipated physical changes may not be notable for 6 to 18 months. We herein describe a case of a transgender woman who underwent standard HT including gonadotropin suppression with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, whose total T level failed to suppress. Testing revealed an elevated serum level of the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), diagnostic of an hCG-secreting testicular seminoma, as the underlying cause of unexpected T production. This case illustrates how easily a testicular cancer can remain unnoticed because it can be asymptomatic and the necessity to be alert to, and act on, anomalous laboratory results during treatment of a transgender person.
Enabling change in public health services: Insights from the implementation of nurse mentoring interventions to improve quality of obstetric and newborn care in two North Indian states
Authors: Kane Sumit , Dayal Prarthna , Mahapatra Tanmay , Kumar Sanjiv , Bhasin Shikha , Gore Aboli , Das Aritra , Reddy Sandeep , Mahal Ajay , Krishnan Suneeta , Kermode Michelle 
Published: June 2020

Background: Few studies have explicitly examined the implementation of change interventions in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) public health services. We contribute to implementation science by adding to the knowledge base on strategies for implementing change interventions in large, hierarchical and bureaucratic public services in LMIC health systems. Methods: Using a mix of methods, we critically interrogate the implementation of an intervention to improve quality of obstetric and newborn services across 692 facilities in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states of India to reveal how to go about making change happen in LMIC public health services. Results: We found that focusing the interventions on a discreet part of the health service (labour rooms) ensured minimal disruption of the status quo and created room for initiating change. Establishing and maintaining respectful, trusting relationships is critical, and it takes time and much effort to cultivate such relationships. Investing in doing so allows one to create a safe space for change; it helps thaw entrenched practices, behaviours and attitudes, thereby creating opportunities for change. Those at the frontline of change processes need to be enabled and supported to: lead by example, model and embody desirable behaviours, be empathetic and humble, and make the change process a positive and meaningful experience for all involved. They need discretionary space to tailor activities to local contexts and need support from higher levels of the organisation to exercise discretion. Conclusions: We conclude that making change happen in LMIC public health services, is possible, and is best approached as a flexible, incremental, localised, learning process. Smaller change interventions targeting discreet parts of the public health services, if appropriately contextualised, can set the stage for incremental system wide changes and improvements to be initiated. To succeed, change initiatives need to cultivate and foster support across all levels of the organisation.
La distinción entre problem-solving y teoría crítica: una reflexión desde las Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Jiménez-Peña Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

En este escrito, en primer lugar, se busca determinar qué puntos de vista de determinados autores han sido asociados en las Relaciones Internacionales (RRII) con la categoría de “críticos” y por qué razones. En segundo lugar, se busca mostrar que hay diferencias no solo de matiz, sino de fondo entre los diferentes enfoques “críticos”, pero también al interior de ellos. Finalmente, se concluye explorando las razones plausibles por las cuales esta clasificación entre teorías puede ser o no de utilidad actual en las rrii, al argüir que hay un sentido en el que dicho concepto abarcador es útil, pero otro en el que promueve la confusión y las generalizaciones espurias.
Labor Boundaries and Skills: The Case of Lobbyists
Authors: Espinosa Miguel 
Published: June 2020

What are the determinants of in-house employment versus outsourcing in the service sector? I use detailed data on U.S. lobbying services to answer this question. I argue with a series of correlational exercises that firms tend to outsource lobbying tasks that demand a large amount of general skills, whereas they are more likely to assign firm-specific tasks to in-house lobbyists. I provide causal evidence that the need to do tasks that vary in their general skill component leads to a change in outsourcing. Using difference-in-difference estimations, I show that the 2010 British Petroleum oil spill increased the general skills needed by oil and gas firms and that, consequently, their use of lobbyists for hire increased. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Inflammatory bowel disease fatigue: an analysis of definitions, risk factors and impact and their implications for assessment and management
Authors: Dhalaigh Doireann Ni , Greaney Anna Marie , Farrell Dawn 
Published: June 2020

Background: Fatigue is an insufficiently understood, assessed and managed symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim and method: A literature review using concept analysis was carried out to determine the definitions, risk factors and impact of IBD fatigue and their implications for assessment and management. Findings: The findings suggest that IBD fatigue may be defined as ‘a multifactorial, multidimensional feeling of mental and/or physical weariness, which varies in frequency and severity. It can be overwhelming and is not typically relieved by rest or sleep.’ Conclusions: This definition of IBD fatigue should help patients and clinicians recognise the significance of this symptom and begin a productive dialogue on more effective assessment and management.
Size dependence of quantum efficiency of red emission from GaN:Eu structures for application in micro-LEDs
Authors: Denier van der Gon D. , Timmerman D. , Matsude Y. , Ichikawa S. , Ashida M. , Schall P. , Fujiwara Y. 
Published: June 2020

GaN-based micro-LEDs typically suffer from a size-dependent efficiency due to the relatively long carrier lifetime and sidewall-related recombination effects. We demonstrate that for red-emitting Eu-doped GaN, sidewall-related recombination is hardly an issue for emission efficiency. We determine the photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PL QE) of Eu-related emission as a function of the size of square structures ranging from 3 to 192 µm. With the support of finite-difference time-domain simulations, we show that the light extraction efficiency and material losses are responsible for the decrease in PL QE for large sizes. For sizes smaller than 24 µm, there is an influence of the sidewall-related non-radiative recombination of carriers on the PL QE; however, it is only minor as a result of the limited carrier diffusion lengths in the Eu-doped material. These properties combined with the high efficiency of luminescence indicate the potential of this material for micro-LED applications.
Reconfigurable time-stretched swept laser source with up to 100  MHz sweep rate, 100  nm bandwidth, and 100  mm OCT imaging range
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Li Feng , Shang Chao , Cheng Zihao , Wai P. K. A. 
Published: June 2020

The sweep rate, sweep range, and coherence length of swept sources, respectively, determine the acquisition rate, axial resolution, and imaging range of optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this paper, we demonstrate a reconfigurable high-speed and broadband swept laser by time stretching of a flat spectrum femtosecond pulse train with over 100 nm bandwidth and a repetition rate of 100 MHz. By incorporating an optical modulator and utilizing appropriate dispersive modules, the reconfiguration of the swept source is demonstrated with sweep rates of 25 and 2.5 MHz. The 2.5 MHz swept source enables an imaging range of

>
110

mm

with 6 dB sensitivity roll-off in OCT, which is the longest imaging range ever reported for megahertz OCT.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury Associated With Alpha Bolic (RAD-140) and Alpha Elite (RAD-140 and LGD-4033)
Authors: Barbara Mary , Dhingra Sadhna , Mindikoglu Ayse L. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We report a 52-year-old man who developed drug-induced liver injury after taking Alpha Bolic (contains RAD-140) and Alpha Elite (contains both RAD-140 and LGD-4033) supplements. Liver biopsy demonstrated diffuse centrilobular canalicular cholestasis, prominent ductular reaction, and mild lobular inflammation with rare non-necrotizing epithelioid granuloma suggestive of drug-induced liver injury. Liver enzymes returned to normal levels approximately 3 months after the patient stopped both supplements. We present the mechanism of drug-induced liver injury associated with 2 selective androgen receptor modulators, including RAD-140 and LGD 4033.