bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electric transitions of the charmed-strange mesons in a relativistic quark model
Authors: Chen Shao-Feng , Liu Jing , Zhou Hai-Qing , Chen Dian-Yong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present work, we adopt a relativistic constituent quark model to depict the charmed strange meson spectroscopy, in which $$D_{s0}(2317)$$Ds0(2317) and $$D_{s1}(2460)$$Ds1(2460) are considered as the $$1^3P_0$$13P0 and $$1P_1^\prime $$1P1′ charmed strange mesons, respectively. By using the wave function obtained from the relativistic quark model, we further investigate the electric transitions between charmed strange mesons. We find the long wave length approximation is reasonable for the charmed strange meson radiative decay by comparing the results with different approximations. The estimated partial widths are all safely under the upper limits of the experimental data. Moreover, we find the branching ratio of $$D_{s1}(2536) \rightarrow D_s^*\gamma /D_s \gamma $$Ds1(2536)→Ds∗γ/Dsγ are large enough to be detected, which could be searched by further experiments in Belle II and LHCb.
Maculopatía media paracentral aguda: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Sanhueza Ana , Liberman Salazar Paulina , González Contreras Raúl 
Published: March 2020

Introducción: la maculopatía media paracentral aguda (PAMM) es una entidad descrita en la tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral (SD-OCT). Se caracteriza por la presencia de una banda hiperrefringente de localización parafoveal en las capas medias retinales y se manifiesta por la aparición de escotomas paracentrales. En este artículo se presenta un caso clínico con el diagnóstico de PAMM y una breve revisión de la literatura. Métodos: se solicitó consentimiento informado escrito del paciente bajo la aprobación del comité ético-científico de la Facultad de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. La revisión de la literatura se realizó mediante una estrategia de búsqueda que incluyó los términos explicitados en las palabras clave. Resultados: el paciente consulta por un escotoma paracentral superior en el ojo derecho (OD). En la autofluorescencia se observó una lesión hipoautofluorescente parafoveal inferior del OD. La angiografía retinal mostró tenue filtración en la misma zona, sin signos de oclusión arterial. En la SD-OCT del OD, se observó una lesión hiperrefringente parafoveal inferior en las capas medias retinales. El estudio sistémico descartó causas infeccioso-inflamatorias y vasculares. A partir de lo anterior, se realizó el diagnóstico de PAMM. Conclusiones: la presentación clínica y los resultados obtenidos fueron concordantes con lo reportado en la literatura respecto a la PAMM. Actualmente el manejo se basa en buscar y controlar condiciones relacionadas, puesto que no se ha descrito tratamiento específico. En este caso, se descartaron causas secundarias y se decidió la observación clínica.
A percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre o cuidado ao idoso com transtorno mental
Authors: Saidel Maria Giovana Borges , Campos Claudinei José Gomes 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: compreender as percepções da equipe de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial sobre o cuidado ao idoso com transtorno mental. Método: estudo qualitativo com referencial teóricometodológico: Teoria das Representações Sociais. O campo de estudo foi um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial no interior do estado de São Paulo. Amostra composta por conveniência,fechada por exaustão, constituída por 12 profissionais. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da entrevista semiestruturada e estes foram analisados pela análise temática de conteúdo.Resultados: emergiram três categorias que evidenciam contradições sobre a percepção dos profissionais acerca do papel do CAPS. Essas contradições podem estar ancoradas nas representações sobre as dificuldades relatadas na assistência ao idoso, que se sobrepõem às dificuldades no cuidado ao indivíduo com transtorno mental. A ausência de estratégias para o atendimento cotidiano é abordada e a educação profissional é apontada como importante, porém ausente. O desgaste do profissional em saúde mental emerge e a percepção sobre a falta de recursos humanos é revelada nos discursos. Essas problemáticas trazem uma representação de práticas insuficientes que refletirão no cuidado ao idoso com transtorno mental. Conclusão: o estudo contribui com esclarecimentos a serem abordados em estudos de intervenção para potencializar a transformação do cuidado.
Transtorno mental e risco de suicídio em usuários de substâncias psicoativas
Authors: Moreira Roberta Magda Martins , Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Lopes Roberlandia Evangelista , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Félix Tamires Alexandre , Oliveira Lycélia Da Silva 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas acerca da presença de transtornos mentais e o risco de suicídio em usuários de substâncias psicoativas. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada na LILACS, MEDLINE e SCOPUS, mediante os descritores: transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias, suicídio e transtornos mentais. Selecionaram-se os artigos completos disponíveis nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, sem recorte temporal, todavia, foram excluídos os duplicados e que não responderam diretamente à pergunta norteadora, totalizando 17 artigos para análise. Resultados: os usuários de substâncias psicoativas apresentam qualidade de vida reduzida e maior comprometimento na saúde mental, que aumentam a probabilidade para comorbidades psiquiátricas associadas, como a depressão, esquizofrenia, transtorno bipolar e ansiedade, principalmente quando há o uso de múltiplas substâncias. Essa associação eleva as chances de os indivíduos cometerem suicídio em até 5,7 vezes. Conclusão: observa-se a relação direta entre os três fatores investigados, em que o uso de substâncias psicoativas aumenta a probabilidade de transtornos mentais e o risco de suicídio, tornando-se necessária a elaboração de estratégias eficazes em saúde para a identificação precoce dessas problemáticas e, assim, desenvolver intervenções a fim de minimizá-las.
In Situ Expansion, Differentiation, and Electromechanical Coupling of Human Cardiac Muscle in a 3D Bioprinted, Chambered Organoid
Authors: Kupfer Molly E. , Lin Wei-Han , Ravikumar Vasanth , Qiu Kaiyan , Wang Lu , Gao Ling , Bhuiyan Didarul B. , Lenz Megan , Ai Jeffrey , Mahutga Ryan R. , Townsend DeWayne , Zhang Jianyi , McAlpine Michael C. , Tolkacheva Elena G. , Ogle Brenda M. 
Published: March 2020

Rationale:
One goal of cardiac tissue engineering is the generation of a living, human pump in vitro that could replace animal models and eventually serve as an in vivo therapeutic. Models that replicate the geometrically complex structure of the heart, harboring chambers and large vessels with soft biomaterials, can be achieved using 3-dimensional bioprinting. Yet, inclusion of contiguous, living muscle to support pump function has not been achieved. This is largely due to the challenge of attaining high densities of cardiomyocytes—a notoriously nonproliferative cell type. An alternative strategy is to print with human induced pluripotent stem cells, which can proliferate to high densities and fill tissue spaces, and subsequently differentiate them into cardiomyocytes in situ.

Objective:
To develop a bioink capable of promoting human induced pluripotent stem cell proliferation and cardiomyocyte differentiation to 3-dimensionally print electromechanically functional, chambered organoids composed of contiguous cardiac muscle.

Methods and Results:
We optimized a photo-crosslinkable formulation of native ECM (extracellular matrix) proteins and used this bioink to 3-dimensionally print human induced pluripotent stem cell–laden structures with 2 chambers and a vessel inlet and outlet. After human induced pluripotent stem cells proliferated to a sufficient density, we differentiated the cells within the structure and demonstrated function of the resultant human chambered muscle pump. Human chambered muscle pumps demonstrated macroscale beating and continuous action potential propagation with responsiveness to drugs and pacing. The connected chambers allowed for perfusion and enabled replication of pressure/volume relationships fundamental to the study of heart function and remodeling with health and disease.

Conclusions:
This advance represents a critical step toward generating macroscale tissues, akin to aggregate-based organoids, but with the critical advantage of harboring geometric structures essential to the pump function of cardiac muscle. Looking forward, human chambered organoids of this type might also serve as a test bed for cardiac medical devices and eventually lead to therapeutic tissue grafting.
Epigenetic Metabolic Reprogramming of Right Ventricular Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tian Lian , Wu Danchen , Dasgupta Asish , Chen Kuang-Hueih , Mewburn Jeffrey , Potus Francois , Lima Patricia D.A. , Hong Zhigang , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Hindmarch Charles C.T. , Kutty Shelby , Provencher Steeve , Bonnet Sebastien , Sutendra Gopinath , Archer Stephen L. 
Published: March 2020

Rationale:
Right ventricular (RV) fibrosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension contributes to RV failure. While RV fibrosis reflects changes in the function of resident RV fibroblasts (RVfib), these cells are understudied.

Objective:
Examine the role of mitochondrial metabolism of RVfib in RV fibrosis in human and experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Methods and Results:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received monocrotaline (MCT; 60 mg/kg) or saline. Drinking water containing no supplement or the PDK (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase) inhibitor dichloroacetate was started 7 days post-MCT. At week 4, treadmill testing, echocardiography, and right heart catheterization were performed. The effects of PDK activation on mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism, RVfib proliferation, and collagen production were studied in RVfib in cell culture. Epigenetic mechanisms for persistence of the profibrotic RVfib phenotype in culture were evaluated. PDK expression was also studied in the RVfib of patients with decompensated RV failure (n=11) versus control (n=7). MCT rats developed pulmonary arterial hypertension, RV fibrosis, and RV failure. MCT-RVfib (but not left ventricular fibroblasts) displayed excess mitochondrial fission and had increased expression of PDK isoforms 1 and 3 that persisted for >5 passages in culture. PDK-mediated decreases in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and oxygen consumption rate were reversed by dichloroacetate (in RVfib and in vivo) or siRNA targeting PDK 1 and 3 (in RVfib). These interventions restored mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production and inactivated HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α, which was pathologically activated in normoxic MCT-RVfib. Redox-mediated HIF-1α inactivation also decreased the expression of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-beta-1) and CTGF (connective tissue growth factor), reduced fibroblast proliferation, and decreased collagen production. HIF-1α activation in MCT-RVfib reflected increased DNMT (DNA methyltransferase) 1 expression, which was associated with a decrease in its regulatory microRNA, miR-148b-3p. In MCT rats, dichloroacetate, at therapeutic levels in the RV, reduced phospho-pyruvate dehydrogenase expression, RV fibrosis, and hypertrophy and improved RV function. In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and RV failure, RVfib had increased PDK1 expression.

Conclusions:
MCT-RVfib manifest a DNMT1-HIF-1α-PDK–mediated, chamber-specific, metabolic memory that promotes collagen production and RV fibrosis. This epigenetic mitochondrial-metabolic pathway is a potential antifibrotic therapeutic target.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Marstrand Peter , Han Larry , Day Sharlene M. , Olivotto Iacopo , Ashley Euan A. , Michels Michelle , Pereira Alexandre C. , Wittekind Samuel G. , Helms Adam , Saberi Sara , Jacoby Daniel , Ware James S. , Colan Steven D. , Semsarian Christopher , Ingles Jodie , Lakdawala Neal K. , Ho Carolyn Y. ,   For the SHaRe Investigators
Published: March 2020

Background:
The term “end stage” has been used to describe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), defined as occurring when left ventricular ejection fraction is <50%. The prognosis of HCM-LVSD has reportedly been poor, but because of its relative rarity, the natural history remains incompletely characterized.

Methods:
Data from 11 high-volume HCM specialty centers making up the international SHaRe Registry (Sarcomeric Human Cardiomyopathy Registry) were used to describe the natural history of patients with HCM-LVSD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictors of prognosis and incident development.

Results:
From a cohort of 6793 patients with HCM, 553 (8%) met the criteria for HCM-LVSD. Overall, 75% of patients with HCM-LVSD experienced clinically relevant events, and 35% met the composite outcome (all-cause death [n=128], cardiac transplantation [n=55], or left ventricular assist device implantation [n=9]). After recognition of HCM-LVSD, the median time to composite outcome was 8.4 years. However, there was substantial individual variation in natural history. Significant predictors of the composite outcome included the presence of multiple pathogenic/likely pathogenic sarcomeric variants (hazard ratio [HR], 5.6 [95% CI, 2.3–13.5]), atrial fibrillation (HR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.7–3.5]), and left ventricular ejection fraction <35% (HR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.3–2.8]). The incidence of new HCM-LVSD was ≈7.5% over 15 years. Significant predictors of developing incident HCM-LVSD included greater left ventricular cavity size (HR, 1.1 [95% CI, 1.0–1.3] and wall thickness (HR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.1–1.4]), left ventricular ejection fraction of 50% to 60% (HR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.2, 2.8]–2.8 [95% CI, 1.8–4.2]) at baseline evaluation, the presence of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (HR, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.0–4.9]), and the presence of a pathogenic/likely pathogenic sarcomeric variant, particularly in thin filament genes (HR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0–2.1] and 2.5 [95% CI, 1.2–5.1], respectively).

Conclusions:
HCM-LVSD affects ≈8% of patients with HCM. Although the natural history of HCM-LVSD was variable, 75% of patients experienced adverse events, including 35% experiencing a death equivalent an estimated median time of 8.4 years after developing systolic dysfunction. In addition to clinical features, genetic substrate appears to play a role in both prognosis (multiple sarcomeric variants) and the risk for incident development of HCM-LVSD (thin filament variants).
Evaluation of the Bulk Mass Flux Formulation Using Large-Eddy Simulations
Authors: Gu Jian-Feng , Plant Robert Stephen , Holloway Christopher E. , Jones Todd R. , Stirling Alison , Clark Peter A. , Woolnough Steven J. , Webb Thomas L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this study, bulk mass flux formulations for turbulent fluxes are evaluated for shallow and deep convection using large-eddy simulation data. The bulk mass flux approximation neglects two sources of variability: the interobject variability due to differences between the average properties of different cloud objects, and the intraobject variability due to perturbations within each cloud object. Using a simple cloud–environment decomposition, the interobject and intraobject contributions to the heat flux are comparable in magnitude with that from the bulk mass flux approximation, but do not share a similar vertical distribution, and so cannot be parameterized with a rescaling method. A downgradient assumption is also not appropriate to parameterize the neglected flux contributions because a nonnegligible part is associated with nonlocal buoyant structures. A spectral analysis further suggests the presence of fine structures within the clouds. These points motivate investigations in which the vertical transports are decomposed based on the distribution of vertical velocity. As a result, a “core-cloak” conceptual model is proposed to improve the representation of total vertical fluxes, composed of a strong and a weak draft for both the updrafts and downdrafts. It is shown that the core-cloak representation can well capture the magnitude and vertical distribution of heat and moisture fluxes for both shallow and deep convection.
Effect of Balint seminars training on emotional intelligence and burnout among internal medicine residents
Authors: Antoun Jumana , Bou Akl Imad , Halabi Zeina , Bou Khalil Pierre , Romani Maya 
Published: March 2020

Background: Balint seminars are widely used educational activities in family medicine residency programs. However, their impact on measurable outcomes is uneven and controversial. The discussions in Balint seminars deal with perceiving and understanding the emotions of the participants. Objective: This study measures the effect of Balint seminars on the emotional intelligence (EI) and burnout of internal medicine residents at the American University of Beirut. Design: Quasi-experimental observational pretest–posttest study. Setting: In all, 27 internal medicine residents at the American University of Beirut. Methods: Bi-weekly Balint seminars were delivered to internal medicine residents throughout the academic year. EI using Mayer Salovey and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) and burnout level using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were measured at the beginning and end of the academic year. Results: A total of 20 Balint seminars were delivered. On average, residents attended six sessions with standard deviation ( SD) of 2. Using paired t-tests to compare post- and pre-total EI scores, there was no significant difference between the two scores (mean difference post-pre = -0.6 ± 9.7, p = .738). Gender was the most important predictor of the difference between pre- and post-total EI scores (women are the reference, β = -8.403, p = .007) as compared to understanding emotions baseline score (β = -0.263, p = .003). A significant proportion of residents (22.2%–29.6%) showed severe burnout levels on at least one of the three domains of burnout at baseline; however, Balint seminars did not have any effect on any of the burnout domains. Conclusions: Balint seminars may have the beneficial effect of improving emotional intelligence among women. Balint seminars did not improve the burnout levels of internal medicine residents. Optimizing attendance of the Balint sessions may affect the outcomes attributable to Balint seminars.
The modifying effect of nutritional factors on the association between IL1-β single nucleotide polymorphism and serum CXCL10 levels in young Canadian adults
Authors: Li Xuedi , Jarosz Alicia Caroline , El-Sohemy Ahmed , Badawi Alaa 
Published: March 2020

Background: Genetic and nutritional factors play an important role in inflammatory response and diseases. CXCL10 is a critical biomarker that is involved in multiple inflammatory diseases, and elevated levels of CXCL10 have been associated with the development of several chronic and infectious diseases. In contrast, micronutrients can attenuate inflammatory responses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes such as IL-1β at rs16944 contributed to a number of inflammatory disorders and may substantiate the convergance between chronic and infectious diseases. Aim: This study aims to identify the modifying effect of nutritional factors on the association between IL-1β genotypes and CXCL10 levels. Methods: Participants ( N = 386) were healthy males and females from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health study recruited from the University of Toronto. Levels of micronutrients and inflammatory markers were measured in plasma. IL-1β genotypes were extracted from the Affymetrix 6.0 SNP chip. Results: CXCL10 levels were not different across different IL-1β genotypes. Among those with the GA genotype, elevated CXCL10 levels were observed with higher than median ascorbic acid (β = 0.004 ± 0.002, P = 0.047) or higher than median vitamin D status (β = 0.003 ± 0.002, P = 0.044). Among participants with the AA genotype, subjects with low α-tocopherol status had elevated levels of CXCL10 (β = −0.016 ± 0.007, P = 0.012). Conclusion: The association between IL-1β rs16944 genotype and CXCL10 levels was modified by the levels of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and vitamin D. These findings may aid in understanding the combined effect of genetic and dietary factors in the development of various infectious and chronic diseases in which IL-1β and CXCL10 may play an etiological role.
Effect of serum from healthy individuals on the growth of melanocytes in vitro following moxibustion at the “Jiudianfeng” point
Authors: Liu Rupeng , Niu Tianhui , Cheng Yu , Zhou Dongmei , Zhang Cang , Qu Jianhua , Sun Liyun , Guo Guangjin , Gao Ran , Zhao Guang , Wang Jusheng 
Published: March 2020

Objective To investigate the effects of serum from healthy individuals obtained following moxibustion at the “Jiudianfeng” point on melanocytes in vitro. Methods Ten healthy adults (five male and five female) were treated by moxibustion at the “Jiudianfeng” point for 30 minutes once daily for 3 months. The effects of treatment with serum obtained following moxibustion on melanocyte proliferation, melanin content, tyrosinase activity, cell cycle progression, and c-kit mRNA and protein expression were assessed in vitro before and after moxibustion for 1, 2, and 3 months. Results Exposure to sera from healthy adults following moxibustion therapy promoted melanocyte proliferation, melanin synthesis, tyrosinase activity, and c-kit mRNA and protein expression in vitro. Melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity increased in the first 2 months following moxibustion and a synchronous decline was observed during the third month. Serum also promoted melanocyte entry into the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Conclusions Serum treatment following moxibustion at the “Jiudianfeng” point promoted melanocyte proliferation and melanin synthesis. Further exploration of this intriguing phenomenon is essential.