bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Shoreline Bathymetry Assessment Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Photogrammetry
Authors: Kaamin Masiri , Fadzil Muhammad Amirul Fadzly Mohd , Razi Mohd Adib Mohammad , Daud Mohd Effendi , Abdullah Noorul Hudai , Nor Ahmad Hakimi Mat , Ahmad Nor Farah Atiqah 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The shoreline is the boundary between land and sea. The shoreline has an irregular nature and change due to tidal conditions. Shoreline changes occur due to human activity and natural environment that results in eradication of erosion and sediment in the shoreline. UAV as a tool used to identify the shoreline change. However, the measurement of large-size reclaimed land using terrestrial survey methods, such as total station and GPS requires a huge number of efforts in terms of time and labour spending. Although, the current method is good in airborne sampling, however it is quite expensive and more complicated to handle. The objectives of this study is to identify the shoreline change from the image taken by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and to analyse the data using pix4Dmapper and Global Mapper. Planning flight plans for UAV is necessary in this study. The shoreline changes are visibly clear during low tide from July to October 2018. Total length of erosion for three months from July to October 2018 is 8.428 m. Since the aim of this study was successfully achieved, using UAV photogrammetry could be applied in many fields and in determining and identifying the shoreline change.
Advanced Techniques in As-Built Survey by using UAV Technology
Authors: Kaamin M , Sarif A S , Husin N A M , Supar K , Razali S N M , Sahat S , Mokhtar M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As-built surveys are needed to record variations from original Engineering plans to what is actually built and the final set of drawings produced at the completion of a construction project. As-built surveys are required by many agencies to prove the location of a structure at a point in time. These are especially important for maintenance and future development of the site. To handle this task conventionally, total station was used, but it is more costly, time consuming and more skilled surveyors are required to conduct a total station survey. Purpose of this study is to investigate the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) system for comparison of the proposed drawing of UTHM Pagoh Campus with the as-built orthomosaic images and to carry out the mapping based on imaged by UAV. Therefore, a method of mapping by UAV, the application of camera-equipped for visually monitoring construction and operation of buildings was used to collect all the information directly on the site which is on the study area. It is also to carry out the mapping based on imaged by UAV. The data collections show that method to earn all information required for this study is by using UAV equipment, Pix4D and Global Mapper software to generate the images. The result of the study is proved that the ability of the UAV in production of as-built survey mapping is can be achieved and it also ease the as-built survey work due to saving time and skilled surveyors are not required. Thus, UAV is very suitable for engineering work purposes
Design and Implementation of Washing-Filling-Capping Machine for Small-Scale Reverse Osmosis Water Industry
Authors: Ahmad N U , Miskon M T , Katon M Z , Ibrahim N , Ismail R , Mohamed H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses the design and development of a semi-automated washing, filling and capping machine for 5-gallon bottle used by local reverse osmosis water (RO) refilling supplier. The problem facing by the local supplier is low production capability of RO water as the washing to capping processes were done manually, which were time and energy consuming. This manual procedure also caused back pain and fatigue to the staff. The objective is to design and develop a semi-automated machine (3-in-1 machine) which involves a washing-rinsing module to clean the external and internal of three 5-gallon-bottles simultaneously, a RO water filling module and a bottle capping module. The effluent of filtered RO water is collected and used as the source water for bottle washing-rinsing process. This helps to optimize the water usage. The results show that the productivity of supply has improved. The production per hour has increased by 52.3%. The production cost per unit of bottle has reduced by 28%. The new machine has successfully operated, improving the productivity and ergonomically designed to minimize physical discomfort to the staffs.
Effect of Different Complexing Agent on Surface Morphology and Microstructure of Cu-Sn-Zn Coatings Electrodeposited From Less Hazardous Electrolyte
Authors: Rosley R , Jikan S S , Badrulzaman N A , Razak S N A , Roslan M S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the present work carbon was electrochemically coated with Cu-Sn-Zn ternary alloy coatings from an electrolyte containing copper chloride, tin chloride and zind chloride. The morphology and chemical composition of the deposits were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The results exhibited that Cu-Sn-Zn coatings with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin as complexing agent contain a large amount of copper. It is found that sodium formate was the suitable complexing agents in production of Cu-Sn-Zn ternary alloy due to its uniform and smoothly depositions coated on substrate.
Lab Scale Study on Integrated GSI for Urban Drainage Systems
Authors: Alias N.A. , Mohd Fauzi N.H. , Yusuf B. , Meor Razali M.M.F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Urbanization grows rapidly in Malaysia and has known to have several negative impacts. As development intensifies, water runs rapidly into rivers and less filters through the soil, contributes to the congestion of the stormwater drainage system that leads to the flash flood problem. Waste and pollution transported by stormwater also posed environmental problems, thus several open drain systems were introduced to improve it. However, some of those open drainage systems contributes to more pollutions and worsened the quality of life of the urban dwellers in Malaysia. Several approaches with different concepts have been developed, including the Best Management Practices (BMPs), Low Impact Development (LID), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), Innovative Stormwater Management and the Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI). This paper proposed the potential system that gives minimal impact to the environment while improving the water filtration and flood control system in the urban areas. The GSI system can effectively address water environment issues caused by traditional stormwater drainage systems. Research focuses on the development and application of an integrated GSI storage used in urban areas adapted to flood risk with the used of bio-composite material. A lab scale system was developed to study the performance of bio-composite materials and the design of inner storage as an infiltrator as runoff decelerator. Results showed that the used of rice husk and coconut fibre as an infiltrator improved the quality of rainwater. The integrated GSI that was designed to have an inner storage also elongates the surface runoff time. It is expected that the proposed design of eco-friendly integrated storage for drainage system could prevent ponding and at the same time the contaminated flow will be filtrated by the embedded bio-composite materials before entering the water bodies.
Analysis of Wind with Battery Connected to Microgrid System
Authors: Khamis Alias , Ghani Mohd Ruddin Ab. , Gan Chin Kim , Aras Mohd Shahrieel Mohd , Jaafar Azri Bin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, distributed generation technology had gained more popularity by many countries. Recently, there are many problem with power system. One of the problem is high electricity price. The price in power generation rely largely on the type and market price of the fuel used, government subsidies, government and industry regulation, and even local climate patterns. In order to supply a better power system, this thesis introduces a model of wind turbine and a battery storage connected to microgrid system. The microgrid is the small scale which widely used in power generation system. Microgrid can operate with renewable and non-renewable energy. Through this project, microgrid will be modelling by using wind turbine and battery storage system using MATLAB simulink software.
Testing of R-EMS 1.1 Modular Renewable Energy Management System with the Mini SCADA Concept Using IoT
Authors: Tridianto Erik , Pratilastiarso Joke , Prima Dewi P , Muhammad Syafii WP 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The 4.0 industrial revolution marked by the existence of the Internet of Things caused the development of technology increasingly rapidly. That makes the need for the use of electrical energy also increases rapidly. Cooperation between the government and the community is needed to increase the role of renewable energy. Thus minimizing the use of electricity from PLN and optimizing electricity from renewable energy. Modular R-EMS is a technological innovation that enables the use of more than one renewable energy that can monitor and control wirelessly using the Internet of Things. Modular R-EMS has an interface to make the user easy to see the system. That Interface displays data in the form of voltage, current, power, percent of battery, monthly usage charge, and load back up system when PLN is not operating. Error generated at AC voltage 0.9% DC voltage 1.89% AC current 0.7% DC current 3%. In the process of sending data in the form of current and voltage from the module to the smartphone has a time lag of 3 seconds. The use of PLN energy at a load of up to 100% at night. The use of renewable energy in the morning 76.58% to 100% in the afternoon 78.95% - 100% in the afternoon 19.64% to 62.85%. The excess power from renewable energy automatically flows to PLN.
The Effect of Moisture Content and Curing on the Properties of the Interlocking Compressed Brick
Authors: Nasri M M , Asrah H , Dullah S , Mirasa A K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The moisture content and curing condition affect the compressive strength of the interlocking compressed brick (ICB). Higher strength of ICB can only be achieved when the moisture content is at the optimum level and under proper curing method. However, the moisture content of soil is varied and difficult to be identified. In addition, there is no standard of curing method was established for ICB. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of moisture content and types of curing on the compressive strength and water absorption of the ICB samples. Two (2) different moisture contents were investigated, which are the 11% and 18%. All ICB samples were cured under three (3) different curing conditions and tested for the compressive strength, water absorption and density tests. The findings showed that all ICB samples containing 18% of moisture exceeded the minimum requirement of compressive strength (7 N/mm2) based on MS76:1972. Meanwhile, ICB cured under Curing B condition has shown the highest compressive strength and lower water absorption. This indicates that sufficient moisture and proper curing method can produce good ICB brick for use in the building construction.
Gait Analysis with Kanri Distance Calculator following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Sakeran H. , Abu Osman N.A. , Abdul Majid M.S. , Mustafa Wan Azani , Idrus Syed Zulkarnain Syed 
Published: June 2020

Abstracts
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is very prevalent in the field of orthopaedics, particularly in sports. Different parameters can be used to forecast an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACLR) patient’s health condition. The aim of this research is to use Mahalanobis Taguchi System (MTS) methodology to identify useful biomechanical variables from multivariate parameters through Kanri Distance Calculator (KDC). This study analyzed biomechanical variables based on the knee flexion and extension moment and peak vertical ground reaction force from kinetic parameters; phase swing / stance, step and step length and gait velocity from spatial temporal parameter; range of motion from kinetic parameters. This experiment engaged 15 healthy subjects and 10 ACL reconstructed patients. Then, by optimizing the KDC, the 9 attributes are reduced to 7, which are knee flexion and extension moment, speed, step length and stance / swing phase. Key attributes such as swing time and moment of knee flexion are identified as optimal variables of impact in the population. KDC extends our understanding to the correlation of characteristics and enables individual diagnosis to be performed. Then the suitable rehabilitation protocol can be objectively suggested for quicker recovery to specific subjects.
Progress Monitoring in Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation by Using Muscle Activation and Hand Speed
Authors: Lee H L , Khairunizam Wan , Cahyadi Basri Noor , Mustafa Wan Azani , Idrus Syed Zulkarnain Syed 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, Virtual Reality (VR) technology is commonly used in the rehabilitation to increase the motivation of the stroke patients do the exercises, however, very few researches to monitor the rehabilitation progress has reported. VR based rehabilitation is interesting because could motivate stroke patients in their long-term rehabilitation process. This research is to evaluate the progress monitoring of the subject after conducting three sessions of rehabilitation exercise. Five male and female healthy subjects were selected to do the rehabilitation game. Three VR games are designed for the subject to perform three different movement sequences. The selected upper limb characteristics are muscle activation and hand speed. An Electromyography (EMG) is used to measure the muscle activation through an electrical activity of the muscle, while a Kinect sensor is used to measure the hand speed. The experimental results show that the proposed upper limb characteristics are able to be used for monitoring progress in the rehabilitation.
ANALYSIS OF YOUNG MODULUS AND POISSON RATIO USING I-KAZ 4D ANALYSIS METHOD THROUGH PIEZOFILM SENSOR
Authors: Ramli M.I. , Nuawi M.Z. , Rasani M.R.M. , Ngatiman N.A. , Basar M.F. , Ghani A.F. Ab. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
An alternative advanced statistical analysis method known as the I-kaz 4D or I-kaz 4 channels which using the sensor fusion concept by using four sensors to collect the vibration signals that excited by the impact hammer was introduced in this study. Mechanical properties of the material like Young Modulus and Poisson Ratio were obtained. The study carried for 2 types of metals i.e. copper and stainless steel. The specimens were in shape of circular, rectangular and square, where more material mechanical properties were obtained due to the variety of specimen shapes. The impact hammer used for the impact force with the range of different forces. The four piezofilm sensors have been placed on specimen surface to observe and record the vibration signal after the impact. The dynamic response technique also was used in this study and the obtained results been compared with the results obtained by I-kaz 4D method. Finally, correlation between I-kaz 4D coefficient and regression value being done to verify the result and justify the findings. The error for Young Modulus was 2.962% while Poisson Ratio was 1.000%. The study adhered to ASTM E1876 standard.
DESIGN OF BLOOMED FLOWER PATTERNED SOLAR COLLECTOR
Authors: Lubis A.M.H.S. , Mukhtar M.F. , Rosley M.I.F. , Damanhuri A.M. , Tamaldin N. , Herwan S.G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A River Trash Collector System (RTCS) which powered by several DC batteries has been designed. This system is run to control waste and trash pollution at several areas along Malacca River. The objective of this work were to design an aesthetic solar panel as charging station for the RTCS and study the electrical output of solar cell use in the prototype. A bloomed flower shape of solar panel design was selected from four concept designs by Pugh Method. Five criteria were applied for the selection and the final concept was selected from concept model with highest score. Prototype of the selected model was fabricated by rapid prototyping method and sixteen commercially available solar cells with size of 65 mm×65 mm×3 mm were used for the prototype. Electrical output from single solar cell was examined to study the power output of the cell. It was found that single solar cell able to produce minimum electric power of 0.01 watt and maximum power of 0.353 watt. The power output of the solar cells was significantly affected by temperature of solar cell and increasing of relative humidity which consider to reduce sunlight intensity.
DEVELOPMENT OF RIVER TRASH COLLECTOR SYSTEM
Authors: Mukhtar M.F. , Rosley M.I.F. , Lubis A.M.H.S. , Tamaldin N. , Hussin M.S.F. , Damanhuri A.A.M. , Azlan K.A. , Hanizat N.H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Protecting environment from various sources of pollution is imperative to ensure the sustainability of the earth. Water pollution has also become one of the significant issues due to increasing water-related activities such as transportation, fisheries, entertainment and many others. It threatens the well-being and prosperity of human and nature as well as the quality of water in the surrounding. This project of River Trash Collector System (RTCS) is to develop a system that can remove floating trash, oil, fuel, and detergents from the water to resolve water pollution problem so that would not threaten Malacca River the as one of the main tourist attraction to Malacca and it is marine life. The threats faced by marine life and surrounding particularly in the Malacca River may appear to be overpowering. The design is based on Solidwork design platform and using Rapid Prototyping to fabricate prototype scale model of a physical part or assembly using threedimensional computer-aided design (CAD) system. At the end of this research, a fully functional trash collector is expected to be operating along the shoreline of Malacca River to clean up debris. This developed RTCS will further benefit especially for Malacca River in resolving the water pollution issues.
Development of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) Using Crushed Waste Clay Brick as Alternative Aggregate
Authors: Hamiruddin Nur Ain , Muhamad Khairunnisa , Zaino Norrazman Zaiha , Razak Rafiza Abd , Zahid Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In housing construction, concrete are materials that will be used extensively to produce a wall structure that accommodates the load. However, the problem is the cost of producing by using natural resources, as it is a major mineral is difficult to find sufficient natural aggregate supply sources since high demand. Therefore, the lack of natural aggregate and its increasing demand leads to an alternative to be developed to replace the natural aggregate. This study investigated the effect of utilization of waste clay brick in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) on its properties and performance. The waste clay brick (WBS) was replaced as fine aggregate in SCC from 10% to 30%. As the amount of waste clay brick in SCC increases, its workability and also Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) quality decreases while the water absorption increases. The highest average compressive strength achieved was 43.3 MPa and for splitting tensile strength was 12 MPa respectively; both at 25% of WCB replacement. All test results showed that the optimum percentage to replace waste clay brick in SCC is 25% and it has the potential to be replaced as fine aggregate in SCC.
EVALUATION OF NOISE LEVEL IN WOMAN TRAIN CABIN AT KTM KOMUTER BERHAD
Authors: Abdullah F. , Mahmood W.H.W. , Kamat S.R. , Othman M.N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Measuring the level of noise is one of the ergonomic risk factors that should be emphasized not to be exposed to this noise pollution for too long with values exceeding the normal limits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the actual value of noise measurement in KTM (Keretapi Tanah Melayu) Komuter Berhad based on operating hours; morning and afternoon. A concept to reduce noise level during train operation was proposed after that. Three sitting or standing points (gangway, near at the train exit door and middle of the train cabin’s) were measured using Sound Level Meter (TECPEL), at the same time the number of passengers had to be counted. The trip took exactly two hours which covered 18 stations. The results showed that the maximum value of noise reading was 82.2 dBA, occurred when standing at the gangway. This project may help KTM Komuter Berhad to increase the comfort of passenger when riding this public transport.
IMPROVEMENT OF CHATTER STABILITY IN MILLING MACHINING USING NEOPRENE RUBBER SHEET AS DAMPING ELEMENT
Authors: Wahid M.K. , Kasno M.A. , Ahmad M.N. , Osman M.H. , Maidin N.A. , Rahman M.H.A. , Firdaus H.M.S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the significance improvement of chatter stability in milling machining using neoprene rubber sheet as damping element. Therefore, the neoprene rubber sheet was tested to investigate the result the vibration of cutting tool and work piece in terms of surface roughness, cutting forces and amplitude. Analyzed result showed that neoprene rubber sheet which was functional as damping element controlled the vibration of cutting tool and work piece during milling machining. The table dynamometer was used to capture the cutting force and amplitude. These two parameters were references to determine the level of vibration in term of frequency domain and cutting forces in the milling machining. The results showed that the neoprene rubber sheet can diminish the values of maximum force and maximum amplitude. When the forces and amplitude values were low, the vibration generated while machining process reduced.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) BRICK AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CLAY
Authors: Damanhuri A.A.M. , Lubis A.M.H.S. , Hariri A. , Herawan S.G , Roslan M.H.I. , Hussin M.S.F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Clay has been used as main material in fabrication of bricks however the use of waste materials in brick manufacturing has been introduced for conservation of dwindling clay resources, as well as preventing environmental and ecological damages caused by quarrying and depletion of raw materials. Bricks that available in some regions have poor quality, low compressive strength, higher water absorption and uneven surfaces Therefore in this study, rice husk ash has been utilized for the preparation of bricks in partial replacement of clay. The specimens were cast with different replacement levels of clay varying as 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with rice husk ash. The specimens were tested for water absorption and compressive strength accordingly to Malaysian Standard EN 1008:2010 for 2 hours. Experimental shows that excessive addition of rice husk ash has higher water absorption and low compressive strength as rice husk ash percentage increases rice husk ash characteristics predominate. The bonding between the clay particle and the rice husk ash particles is weak. By adding 10% of rice husk ash by weight is the best brick properties which 6.80 MPa of compressive strength and 16.30% of water absorption. The water absorption of RHA brick developed did not exceed 20% hence promoted to be partial replacement of clay.