bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seminatural habitats and their proximity to the crop enhances canola (Brassica napus) pollination and reproductive parameters in Argentina
Authors: Mazzei Mariana Paola , Vesprini José Luis , Galetto Leonardo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe diversity and abundance of pollinators increase in cultivated areas in proximity to natural and seminatural habitats (pastures, forests, tree lines, etc.). Managing ecosystem services, such as insect pollination, is essential to increase crop yields. Although insect pollination is linked to better yields in many crops, pollinators are usually not considered as an input to be managed in crop production. In this study, we evaluate, for the first time, the influence of pollinators on the reproductive parameters of three canola (Brassica napus L.) stands placed at different distances from seminatural habitats in central Argentina. Insect visits to inflorescences with exposed and nonexposed flowers (covered with voile bags) were compared in plants growing in proximity (<50 m) and distant from (>50 m) seminatural habitats. Observations of flower visitations by the insects were recorded during the flowering period. The most frequent pollinator was Apis mellifera, although 12 additional pollinator morpho‐species were registered. Seven of them were observed in canola flowers for the first time. Pollinators increased the amount of pollen deposited on stigmas and all measured reproductive parameters (fruit set, seeds per pod, seed mass). Seed production per infructescence increased with proximity to seminatural habitats and with pollinators by 34 and 35%, respectively. Therefore, the pollination ecosystem service is a relevant input for canola production in central Argentina. It will be important to develop policies that encourage diversified farming systems securing the protection of natural flora and pollinators.
Frequency‐tunable circularly polarized twin dual folded inverted‐L antenna with varactor‐loaded split‐ring resonator structures
Authors: Kumar P.C. Praveen , Rao P. Trinatha 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe design of a miniaturized frequency‐tunable circularly polarized twin dual folded inverted‐L antenna with varactor‐loaded split‐sing resonator structure is proposed in the paper. The design integrates two linearly polarized inverted‐L antenna elements with double‐folded arms and with a split‐ring resonator (SRR) structures on both sides. To improve the impedance matching and radiation characteristics the double‐folded structure plays a significant role. Although the use of SRRs to the dual inverted‐L antenna elements achieves compact volume, the antenna's radiation efficiency rapidly decreases around the SRR's resonant frequency. The decrease is avoided by employing a variable capacitance diode loaded on both SRR structures (dual folded inverted‐L antenna, VLSRR). The antenna structure is minimized to be about 66 mm in length, 10 mm width, and 1 mm in height (66 × 10 × 1 mm3). The configuration is simplified by using wave feeding. The better values are obtained between the theoretical calculations and simulated results, which validate the design concept and have a wide varactor tuning bandwidth. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antennas resonate at multiband frequencies: Band 1 (3.28–3.70 GHz) with varactor tuning of 425 MHz; Band 2 (6.42–6.75GHz) with varactor tuning of 331 MHz; and Band 3 (13.75–14.21 GHz) with varactor tuning of 463 MHz, with the impedance bandwidth of 6%, VSWR < 2, and 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) < 3 across the entire operating bands.
Relationships between patterns of weight‐related self‐monitoring and eating disorder symptomology among undergraduate and graduate students
Authors: Hahn Samantha L. , Bauer Katherine W. , Kaciroti Niko , Eisenberg Daniel , Lipson Sarah K. , Sonneville Kendrin R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize patterns of weight‐related self‐monitoring (WRSM) among US undergraduate and graduate students and examine associations between identified patterns of WRSM and eating disorder symptomology.MethodUndergraduate and graduate students from 12 US colleges and universities (N = 10,010) reported the frequency with which they use WRSM, including self‐weighing and dietary self‐monitoring. Eating disorder symptomology was assessed using the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Gender‐specific patterns of WRSM were identified using latent class analysis, and logistic regressions were used to identify differences in the odds of eating disorder symptomology across patterns of WRSM.ResultsAmong this sample, 32.7% weighed themselves regularly; 44.1% reported knowing the nutrition facts of the foods they ate; 33.6% reported knowing the caloric content of the foods they ate; and 12.8% counted the calories they ate. Among women, four patterns of WRSM were identified: “no WRSM,” “all forms of WRSM,” “knowing nutrition/calorie facts,” and “self‐weigh only.” Compared with the “no WRSM” pattern, women in all other patterns experienced increased eating disorder symptomology. Among men, three patterns were identified: “no WRSM,” “all forms of WRSM,” and “knowing nutrition/calorie facts.” Only men in the “all forms WRSM” pattern had increased eating disorder symptomatology compared with those in the “no WRSM” pattern.DiscussionIn a large sample of undergraduate and graduate students, engaging in any WRSM was associated with increased eating disorder symptomology among women, particularly for those who engaged in all forms. Among men, engaging in all forms of WRSM was the only pattern associated with higher eating disorder symptomology.
Healthcare quality and mortality among patients hospitalized for heart failure by hospital level in Beijing, China
Authors: He Liu , Dong Zhao‐Jie , Du Xin , Jiang Chao , Chen Ning , Xia Shi‐Jun , Hou Xiao‐Xia , Yu Hai‐Rong , Lv Qiang , Yu Rong‐Hui , Long De‐Yong , Bai Rong , Liu Nian , Sang Cai‐Hua , Jiang Chen‐Xi , Li Song‐Nan , Huffman Mark D. , Dong Jian‐Zeng , Ma Chang‐Sheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsThis study sought to compare healthcare quality and 30 day, 90 day, and 1 year mortality rates among patients admitted to secondary and tertiary hospitals for heart failure (HF) in Beijing.Methods and resultsThis study retrospectively enrolled patients hospitalized with a primary discharge diagnosis of HF during January 2014 to December 2015, from five tertiary and four secondary hospitals, in Beijing, China. Mortality data were extracted from Beijing Death Surveillance Database. HF healthcare quality indices were used to evaluate in‐hospital care. Associations between hospital level and mortality rates were assessed using generalized linear mixed models, adjusting for patients' baseline characteristics and intra‐hospital correlation. Data from 1413 patients (median [interquartile range] age = 74 [65–80] years, 52.7% female) from secondary hospitals and 1250 patients (median [interquartile range] age = 72 [61–79] years, 43.3% female) from tertiary hospitals were collected. Rates of left ventricular ejection fraction assessment (73.2% vs. 90.1%) and combined use of β‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (30.1% vs. 49.3%) were lower in secondary hospitals than those in tertiary hospitals, respectively. Patients admitted to secondary hospitals had a higher 90 day mortality [10.8% vs. 5.0%; adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–3.84, P = 0.024 and a higher 1 year mortality rate [21.0% vs. 12.1%; adjusted OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.02–2.62, P = 0.039], but 30 day mortality rates were not significantly different (5.5% vs. 3.0%; adjusted OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 0.63–3.52, P = 0.368).ConclusionsWorse quality of care for patients with HF in secondary hospitals was associated with higher 90 day and 1 year mortality rates. Improving care quality in secondary hospitals is crucial to improve prognosis of patients they served.
Time course of red cell volume and plasma volume over six months in compensated chronic heart failure
Authors: Ahlgrim Christoph , Seiler Florian , Birkner Philipp , Staudacher Dawid Leander , Grundmann Sebastian , Bode Christoph , Pottgiesser Torben 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), volume overload is usually described as an expansion of plasma volume (PV). Additional red cell volume (RCV) expansion also occurs in a relevant fraction of compensated CHF patients. So far, little is known about the stability of these vascular volumes and possible volume excess in compensated CHF patients over time.Methods and resultsThis study aims at quantification of blood volume and its components, RCV and PV (raw values and adjusted for sex and anthropometric characteristics, expressed as per cent of the expected normal value), using an abbreviated carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing method (aCORM) in 14 patients (two women) with systolic CHF at baseline and at a follow‐up visit after approximately 6 months. While a vast heterogeneity was observed concerning RCV (82% to 134% of normalized alues) and PV (72% to 131% of normalized values), the vascular volumes showed a mean change of 1.2% and −1.3% after a mean follow‐up of 183 days.ConclusionsThe vascular volumes including individual volume excess appear to be stable in compensated CHF patients. The reason for this individual volume response concerning both RCV and PV in CHF remains unclear and deserves further clarification.
Structurally Defined Ring‐Opening and Insertion of Pinacolborane into Aluminium‐Nitrogen Bonds of Sterically Demanding Dialkylaluminium Amides
Authors: Pollard Victoria A. , Kennedy Alan R. , McLellan Ross , Ross Duncan , Tuttle Tell , Mulvey Robert E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDialkylaluminium amides iBu2Al(TMP) and iBu2Al(HMDS) can perform catalytic hydroboration of ketones with pinacolborane to form the expected boronic esters. However, repeating the same reactions stoichiometrically without a ketone leads unexpectedly to ring‐opening of pinacolborane and insertion of its open chain into the Al−N(amido) bond. To date there has been limited knowledge on decomposition pathways of HBpin despite its prominent role in hydroboration chemistry. X‐ray crystallography shows these mixed Al−B products [iBu2Al{OC(Me)2C(Me)2O}B(H)(NR2)]2 (NR2=TMP or HMDS) form dimers with an (AlO)2 core and terminal B−N bonds. Since the bond retention (B−H) and bond breaking (B−O) in these transformations seemed surprising, DFT calculations run using M11/6‐31G(d,p) gave an energy profile consistent with a σ‐bond metathesis mechanism where London dispersion interactions between iBu and (amide) Me groups play an important stabilising role in the final outcome.
Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Multinuclear Gold(I)‐1,2,3‐Triazolylidene Complexes
Authors: Rendón‐Nava David , Álvarez‐Hernández Alejandro , Mendoza‐Espinosa Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA series of mono‐ to trinuclear gold(I) complexes (1–3) supported by oxo‐functionalized 1,2,3‐triazolylidenes have been prepared. All new compounds were fully characterized by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, and in the case of complexes 1 and 2 by x‐ray diffraction. The catalytic performance of the new triazolylidene gold complexes was tested in several hydroelementation and cyclization processes employing a variety of alkynes as starting materials. According to the overall results, the trinuclear complex 3 displayed the highest catalytic activity in all processes, providing good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.
Small Variations, Big Impact: Structural Diversity of the Complexes of a Phosphane‐Decorated Benzenedithiol with Group‐11 Metals
Authors: Schlindwein Simon H. , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReaction of a phosphane‐decorated benzenedithiol (pbdtH2) with coinage metal salts furnished polynuclear complexes [M2(pbdtH)2] (M=AuI) or [cat][M5(pbdt)3] (cat=unipositive cation, M=AgI, CuI), which were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic techniques and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Furthermore, a double salt with an anion [Ag5(pbdt)3(PPh3)]− that proved unstable in solution was characterized crystallographically. The spectroscopic and crystallographic data revealed that the Cu(I) and Ag(I) complexes exhibit, despite their like stoichiometric composition, isomeric molecular structures. The observed disparities were reproduced by DFT studies. The dinuclear Au(I) complex was found to undergo air‐oxidation to furnish a mixed‐valent complex [(AuIII)2(AuI)2(pbdt)4]. The copper(I) – but not the isomeric silver(I) complexes – showed luminescence in the solid state.
Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Optical Properties of 2,18‐Dihydoxy‐5,10,15‐trioxa[9]helicene
Authors: Sundar M. Shyam , Klepetářová Blanka , Bednárová Lucie , Muller Gilles 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a simple and efficient approach to synthesize a functionalized 2,18‐dimethoxy‐5,10,15‐trioxa[9]helicene. It was synthesized from simple phenol building blocks using two subsequent reactions namely oxidative coupling and dehydrative cyclization or palladium mediated cyclization. The molecular integrity of the helical core was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and NMR techniques. Its crystal structure showed the spontaneous resolution which was attributed to the conglomerate formation of the same helical isomer via C−H⋅⋅⋅O and π⋅⋅⋅π or H⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Then, it was converted to racemic 2,18‐dihydoxy‐5,10,15‐trioxa[9]helicene. Enantiomers were separated on preparative HPLC with high optical purity (>99 % ee). Based on electronic circular dichroism, the absolute configurations of dextrorotary and levorotatory antipodes were assigned as P and M, respectively. We also studied the absorption, emission and chiroptical behavior of these helical compounds in the solution state.
Stereochemistry of a Cyclic Epicatechin Trimer with C3 Symmetry Produced by Oxidative Coupling
Authors: Kawazoe Rina , Matsuo Yosuke , Saito Yoshinori , Tanaka Takashi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA cyclic epicatechin trimer with C3 symmetry, connected through C−C bonds between A‐ and B‐rings, was isolated as an oxidative coupling product of (−)‐epicatechin with polyphenol oxidase. It was previously isolated as an oxidation product of epicatechin with CuCl2; however, only the 2D structure was proposed. Its stereochemistry was assigned using various spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR, and theoretical calculations of the NMR and ECD data. It was suggested that the less strained cyclic trimer with the (aR,aR,aR) configuration was formed atroposelectively in the cyclization process.
Impaired exercise‐induced hypoalgesia in individuals reporting an increase in low back pain during acute exercise
Authors: Vaegter Henrik B. , Petersen Kristian K. , Sjodsholm Line V. , Schou Pia , Andersen Michael B. , Graven‐Nielsen Thomas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesExercise therapy is recommended for low back pain (LBP) although the immediate effects on pain are highly variable. In 96 individuals with LBP this cross‐sectional study explored (a) the magnitude of exercise‐induced hypoalgesia (EIH) and (b) measures of pain sensitivity and clinical pain manifestations in individuals reporting a clinical relevant increase in back pain during physical activity compared with individuals reporting low or no increase in back pain during physical activity.MethodsCuff algometry was performed at baseline on the leg to assess pressure pain threshold (cPPT), tolerance (cPTT) and temporal summation of pain (cTSP). Manual PPTs were assessed on the back and leg before and after a 6‐min walk test (6MWT). Back pain was scored on a numerical rating scale (NRS) after each minute of walking. The EIH‐effect was estimated as the increase in PPTs after the walk exercise.ResultsTwenty‐seven individuals reported an increase of ≥2/10 in pain NRS scores during walking and compared with the individuals with <2/10 NRS scores: cPPT and EIH‐effects were lower whereas cTSP, pain intensity and disability were increased (p < 0.03). Baseline NRS scores, EIH and pain thresholds were associated with the likelihood of an increase of ≥2/10 in back pain intensity during walking (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPain flares in response to physical activity in individuals with LBP seem to be linked with baseline pain sensitivity and pain intensity, and impair the beneficial EIH. Such information may better inform when individuals with LBP will have a beneficial effect of physical activity.SignificancePain flares in response to physical activity in individuals with LBP seem to be linked with baseline pain sensitivity and pain intensity, and impair the beneficial exercise‐induced hypoalgesia. Such information may better inform when individuals with LBP will have a beneficial effect of physical activity.
Antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipyretic, and thrombolytic profiling of methanol extract of the aerial part of Piper nigrum: In vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches
Authors: Emon Nazim Uddin , Alam Safaet , Rudra Sajib , Riya Susmita Roy , Paul Avi , Hossen S M Moazzem , Kulsum Ummay , Ganguly Amlan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPiper nigrum L. also called black pepper is popular for its numerous uses. The present research is designed to investigate the pharmacological potential of methanol extract of Piper nigrum (MEPN). The antidepressant investigation was performed by using both in vivo forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) methods while the anxiolytic research by hole‐board test (HBT) method. Again, the antipyretic analysis was conducted through yeast‐induced pyrexia method, whereas clot lysis activity was employed by the thrombolytic method. Furthermore, in silico studies followed by molecular docking analysis of several secondary metabolites, pass prediction, and ADME/T were evaluated with AutoDock Vina, Discovery Studio 2020, UCSF Chimera software PASS online, and ADME/T online tools. The plant extract demonstrated dose‐dependent potentiality in antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipyretic, and thrombolytic activities. Induction of MEPN produced a significant (p < .5, p < .001) increase of mobility in FST and TST, and increased the head dipping and decreased the latency of time (p < .01, p < .001) in HBT. MEPN 400 (mg/kg; b.w.; p.o.) lowered the rectal temperature of yeast‐induced pyrexia substantially (p < .001). Besides, MEPN produced promising (p < .001) clot lysis activity. In the computational approach, among all the proteins, a docking score was found ranging from −1.0 to −7.90 kcal/mol. Besides, all the compounds were found safe in ADME/T study. The results of our scientific research validate the suitability of this plant as an alternative source of novel therapeutics.
Putamen volume predicts real‐time fMRI neurofeedback learning success across paradigms and neurofeedback target regions
Authors: Zhao Zhiying , Yao Shuxia , Zweerings Jana , Zhou Xinqi , Zhou Feng , Kendrick Keith M , Chen Huafu , Mathiak Klaus , Becker Benjamin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractReal‐time fMRI guided neurofeedback training has gained increasing interest as a noninvasive brain regulation technique with the potential to modulate functional brain alterations in therapeutic contexts. Individual variations in learning success and treatment response have been observed, yet the neural substrates underlying the learning of self‐regulation remain unclear. Against this background, we explored potential brain structural predictors for learning success with pooled data from three real‐time fMRI data sets. Our analysis revealed that gray matter volume of the right putamen could predict neurofeedback learning success across the three data sets (n = 66 in total). Importantly, the original studies employed different neurofeedback paradigms during which different brain regions were trained pointing to a general association with learning success independent of specific aspects of the experimental design. Given the role of the putamen in associative learning this finding may reflect an important role of instrumental learning processes and brain structural variations in associated brain regions for successful acquisition of fMRI neurofeedback‐guided self‐regulation.
National Early Career Transplant Hepatologist Survey: Compensation, Burnout, and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Kriss Michael , Te Helen S. , Verna Elizabeth C. , VanWagner Lisa B. , Scott Frank I. , Lai Jennifer C. 
Published: January 2021

Despite the growth of transplant hepatology as a subspecialty over the past decade, data on professional roles and compensation models remain lacking. Furthermore, the prevalence of physician burnout and job satisfaction are unknown in this profession. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of early career transplant hepatologists to fill these voids in knowledge and to inform current and future transplant hepatologists. An online survey designed to quantify clinical and nonclinical roles, compensation and structure, job satisfaction, and burnout was sent to 256 early career transplant hepatologists. Respondents were divided into three practice settings: university hospital clinical (n = 79), non–university hospital clinical (n = 35), and research (n = 25). The median age of respondents was 38 (interquartile range [IQR] 36‐40) years, and 44% were women. The median half‐days/week spent in clinic was 4 (IQR 3‐6) and in endoscopy was 1 (IQR 1‐2). Most of the respondents provided inpatient care (88%) for a median of 9 (IQR 6.5‐10) weeks/year. The median base compensation was $300,000 (IQR US $263,750‐$326,250), and most (76%) had salary‐based compensation. Although only 8% of respondents were dissatisfied with their position, the prevalence of burnout was high at 35%. Conclusion: This survey is a comprehensive assessment focusing on early career transplant hepatologists, is reflective of the current training paradigm and practice of transplant hepatology, and provides transparency to guide professional negotiations and empower both trainees pursuing careers in transplant hepatology and early career transplant hepatologists.
MiR‐455‐5p monitors myotube morphogenesis by targeting mylip
Authors: Dong Yan‐hua , Zhou Cheng‐jie , Zhang Meng‐yuan , Tao Jin , Zhang Xiao‐meng , An Lu , Zhang Ju , Yang Jie , Liu Dong‐jun , Cang Ming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs a posttranscriptional regulatory factor, microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the formation of myotubes. However, little is known about the mechanism of miRNA regulating myotube morphogenesis. Here, we aimed to characterize the function of miR‐455‐5p in myotube morphogenesis by inducing differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts containing murine Mylip fragments with the miR‐455‐5p target sequence. We found that miR‐455‐5p overexpression promoted the differentiation and hypertrophy of myotubes, while miR‐455‐5p inhibition led to the failure of myotube differentiation and formation of short myotubes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR‐455‐5p directly targeted the Mylip 3’‐untranslated region, which plays a key role in monitoring myotube morphogenesis. Interestingly, the expression and function of Mylip were opposite to those of miR‐455‐5p during myogenesis. Our data uncovered novel miR‐455‐5p targets and established a functional link between Mylip and myotube morphogenesis. Understanding the involvement of Mylip in myotube morphogenesis provides insight into the function of the gene regulatory network.