bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USAHATANI DAN PEMASARAN SEMANGKA (Studi Kasus pada Budidaya Semangka Biji di Lahan Tegal)
Authors: Isdiantoni Isdiantoni , Wahdah Rifatul , Prasetiyo Hadi 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini, adalah (1) mengidentifikasi praktek usahatani semangka biji di lahan tegal; (2) mengetahui pendapatan dan efisiensi usahataninya; dan (3) menggambarkan saluran pemasaran, menganalisis margin pemasaran serta bagian yang diterima petani (farmer’s share.). Petani contoh diambil secara acak sederhana dan untuk responden lembaga pemasaran menggunakan sampling bola salju). Analisa data yang dipakai untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisa pendapatan dan efisiensi usahatani (R/C), serta analis marjin pemasaran, dan farmer’s share. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh penjelasan, bahwa petani didalam membudidayakan semangka biji dilahan tegal, masih kurang menguasai teknis budidaya yang tepat dan benar. Melalui perhitungan secara finansial, usahatani semangka biji di lahan tegal memberikan pendapatan (keuntungan) sebesar Rp. 5,150,471,- per hektar dengan nilai R/C = 1.18. Saluran pemasarannya relatif pendek, dan terdiri dari 2 (dua) jalur. Pada jalur 1, lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat ada dua, yaitu tengkulak dan pengecer. Dan pada jalur 2, lemabaga pemasaran yang terlibat ada tiga, yaitu tengkulak, pedagang besar dan pengecer. Besarnya marjin pemasaran setiap 1 kg semangka biji yang dipasarkan pada jalur 1 Rp. 600,- (26.09%) dan pada jalur 2 Rp. 650,- (27.66%), yang menunjukkan semakin panjang jalur pemasaran buah semangka biji, maka marjin pemasarannya semakin besar. Distribusi marjin pada tiap lembaga pemasaran, baik di jalur 1 maupun di jalur 2 terdapat perbedaan yang mencolok, dengan kata lain distribusi keuntungan dalam marjin pemasaran tidak cukup adil. Nilai farmer’s share 73.91% pada jalur 1 dan 72.34% pada jalur 2, artinya bagian harga yang diterima petani terhadap harga yang dibayar konsumen cukup bagus.
H_∞ Finite-time Boundedness for Discrete-time Delay Neural Networks via Reciprocally Convex Approach
Authors: Tuan Le Anh 
Published: August 2020

This paper addresses the problem of finite-time boundedness for discrete-time neural networks with interval-like time-varying delays. First, a delay-dependent finite-time boundedness criterion under the finite-time performance index for the system is given based on constructing a set of adjusted Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and using reciprocally convex approach. Next, a sufficient condition is drawn directly which ensures the finite-time stability of the corresponding nominal system. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the validity and applicability of the presented conditions.
Keywords: Discrete-time neural networks, performance, finite-time stability, time-varying delay, linear matrix inequality.
A ilusão da máscara côncava percebida por idosos
Authors: Carvalho Mateus Lopes de , Quaglia Maria Amélia Cesari , Oliveira Marcos Santos de 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Investigar diferenças na percepção visual de idosos, comparativamente a pessoas de faixa etária menor em relação à ilusão da máscara côncava. Métodos: Utilizou-se o delineamento pré-experimental de comparação com grupo estático. As amostras foram selecionadas acidentalmente. Participaram 42 idosos e 73 pessoas de faixa etária menor. A máscara côncava foi apresentada binocularmente aos participantes a uma distância de três metros e em duas condições de iluminação: por cima e por baixo. A análise dos dados foi feita com um software estatístico e o nível de significância considerado foi 5%. O estudo foi aprovado por Comissão de Ética. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos no primeiro indicador da percepção visual de profundidade (côncavo ou convexo), independentemente da condição de iluminação (por cima, p = 0,26; por baixo, p = 0,37). No segundo indicador (julgamento categórico), não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos (por cima, p = 0,97; por baixo, p = 0,26). No terceiro indicador (estimativa métrica), os resultados foram semelhantes (por cima, p = 0,48; por baixo, p = 0,67). Conclusão: As pessoas de faixa etária menor, tanto quanto os idosos, foram suscetíveis à ilusão da máscara côncava.
Sodium reduction in New Zealand requires major behaviour change
Authors: Lofthouse C , Te Morenga Lisa , McLean R 
Published: August 2020

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd This pilot study examined the feasibility of adherence to a low sodium diet in a sample of healthy New Zealand adults. It also addressed whether following a low sodium diet was accompanied by changes in intakes of other nutrients that influence cardiovascular risk. Eleven healthy adults provided dietary intake data and a 24-hour urine collection at baseline and follow-up. They then received nutritional counselling based on the World Health Organization recommendation for sodium intake (<2000 mg/day) and received ongoing nutritional support while undertaking a low sodium diet for four weeks. At the end of the four-week period, participants completed a semi-structured interview that elicited participants’ opinions on barriers and facilitators to following a low sodium diet and explored changes in participants’ dietary habits and behaviours. Thematic analysis revealed that adherence to a low sodium diet required substantial changes to participants’ usual food purchasing and preparation habits. Participants reported that lack of control over the sodium content of meals eaten away from the home, the complex and time-consuming nature of interpreting nutrition information labels, and difficulty identifying suitable snacks were barriers to adherence. Detailed meal planning and cooking from scratch, using flavour replacements, reading food labels to identify low sodium foods, receiving support from other people and receiving tailored nutrition advice were facilitators. Mean sodium intake reduced over the period, accompanied by a decrease in mean intake of total fat. These factors suggest that sodium reduction in New Zealand adults was feasible. However, considerable changes to eating behaviours were required.
Turra-Kalangi: Traditional communication of Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Anuradha 
Published: August 2020

In the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh, the stage or theater activities like Hindi provinces are currently less. Where other provinces of India have theater identity and awareness in their respective languages, there is neither identity nor awareness in Hindi provinces. It seems that there is a continuous cultural decline in Hindi states. For this, terrible economic decline, unemployment and corruption as well as anomalous social conditions are responsible. Apart from this, excessive publicity of internet along with radio and television is also responsible.
मध्यप्रदेष के निमाड़ क्षेत्र में हिन्दी प्रांतों की तरह मंच अथवा रंगमंच की गतिविधियां वर्तमान में कम ही है। जहां भारत के अन्य प्रांतों में अपनी-अपनी भाषा में रंगमंच की पहचान एवं जागरूकता विद्यमान है वहां हिन्दी प्रांतों में न पहचान है न जागरूकता। ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि हिन्दी प्रदेषों में लगातार सांस्कृतिक हृास हो रहा है। इसके लिये भयानक आर्थिक गिरावट, बेरोजगारी और भ्रष्टाचार के साथ-साथ विषम सामाजिक स्थितियां जिम्मेदार है। इसके अलावा रेडियो और टेलीविजन के साथ इन्टरनेट का अत्यधिक प्रचार भी जिम्मेदार है।
EMPLOYEE FREEDOM: TILL WHAT EXTENT?
Authors: Bouguila Sihem 
Published: August 2020

In this study we aimed to assess the perceptions of employees regarding the different autonomy initiatives undertaken by managers to satisfy their employees and let them be more motivated in order to reach the organizational goals effectively and efficiently. We employed an exploratory study through a survey questionnaire addressed to 50 employees working in top five companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Our main finding show that the level of the autonomy in the sample companies is perceived as to be at moderated level especially concerning the goals or the strategies of the work since the majority of our companies are operating in banking sector. Nonetheless it seems that the autonomy provides a sense of self-determination for these employees even when freedom leeway and choice are trivial or illusory. Furthermore, it is very interesting to reveal that autonomy is one of the essential elements in building true employee engagement.
The Comparison of Extracts (Ethanol And Aquos Solvents) Muntingia calabura Leaves on Total Phenol, Flavonid And Antioxidant (Ic50) Properties
Authors: Prayitno Sutrisno Adi , Rahim Andi Rahmad 
Published: August 2020

Astract
Muntingia calabura plant is a plant in Indonesia that has a variety of functions. It is used as a herbal ingredient to treat certain diseases and also as an antibacterial as well as natural antioxidants. Because inside the leaves there are various bioactive compound that can be used for the sake of herbal making. The purpose of this study is to do early screening of Muntingia calabura leaf extract using ethanol and aquos solvent. The method used in extraction is maceration exaction. The phytochemical analysis performed are total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidants (IC50). The results showed a total phenol in the ethanol extract was 361.22 mg of GAE/g total flavonoids was 42.46 mg QE/g and antioxidant activity (IC50) was 131.22 μg/mL. At the aquos extract, total phenol was 267.61 mg of GAE/g, total flavonoids was 16.22 mg QE/g and antioxidant activity (IC50) was 129.31 μg/mL. By seeing the total phenol and antioxidants in both the extract (ethanol and aquos), the Muntingia calabura leaves have the potential to be used as herbal ingredients and antimicrobial agents.
Socialization of Tofu Liquid Waste Management (Whey Tofu) Becomes Biogas as Alternative Energy Reserves in the Framework of Creating an Environmentally Friendly Industry
Authors: Mufarida Nely Ana , Setiawan Orisanto Darma 
Published: August 2020

Arya Jaya is a trading business that is engaged in making tofu. UD. Arya Jaya began operations in 2003, by Mrs. Siti Aisyah. UD. Arya Jaya is in Bukkolan Village RT.01 RW.01 Paowan Village / Panarukan District Situbondo Regency East Java Province. To run this business, Mrs. Siti Aisyah was assisted by 12 workers.

At UD. Arya Jaya, so far the tofu wastewater has never been used and treated but has been discharged into the river. As a result, various cases of environmental pollution that make a negative impact on public health occur a lot.
Community service activities are also intended to train and foster communities around the tofu industry and tofu entrepreneurs so that they have knowledge about the utilization of tofu liquid waste and can improve skills around 75% to process tofu liquid waste into biogas in processing tofu liquid waste into biogas so it is expected With good management of the waste produced by the tofu making industry, it will add value to the product and be more environmentally friendly. In addition, the management of tofu wastewater in a waste to product manner can efficiently cost the costs, materials used, and energy to make new products from waste raw materials. Besides that, entrepreneurs know that they will no longer be difficult to deal with their waste.
Based on the situation analysis above, the PKM Team together with UD. Arya Jaya seeks to overcome the problem referred to as "The Socialization of Tofu Liquid Waste Management (Whey Tofu) Becoming Biogas As an Alternative Energy Reserve in the Framework of Creating an Environmentally Friendly Industry". The activity that will be carried out has very good prospects and is expected to provide information about the processing of tofu industrial wastewater using anaerobic biodigester technology for biogas production. For tofu industry entrepreneurs, the processing of various wastes can be converted into biogas into added value. By paying attention to environmental problems caused by the disposal of potentially polluting waste, the existence of anaerobic biodigester technology can provide economic and ecological value while reducing the potential for disposal. In addition, it can reduce the effects of pollution resulting in the greenhouse effect.
The final target and output are the publication of scientific articles in journals or proceedings in national community service seminars and newspaper article publications in national newspapers.
Extra- and intra-images of culture in national costume (on the example of the Republic of Dagestan)
Authors: Джафарова (Родионова) О.В. 
Published: August 2020

Образы культуры, предназначенные для внешней (экстраобразы) и внутренней аудитории (интраобразы) состоят из территориальных особенностей и ассоциаций с ними, языковой картины мира и национального костюма, в котором все базовые элементы представлены в символическом ключе (цвет, форма, вид украшений). В статье рассматриваются внешние представления о культуре Кавказа на примере экранизаций и постановок повести «Бэла» М.Ю. Лермонтова, а также внутренние представления двух этносов Дагестана (кубачинцев и арчинцев) на примере трансформаций описания и осмысления национального костюма.
Images of culture intended for external (extra-images) and internal audiences (intra-images) consist of territorial features and associations with them, linguistic world-image and a national costume, in which all the basic elements are represented in a symbolic way (color, shape, type of jewelry). The article discusses external notions of Caucasian culture through screen adaptations and staging of the M. Lermontov’s novel «Bela», as well as internal notions of the two ethnic groups of Dagestan (Kubachin and Archinsk) through transformations in the description and understanding of national costume.
Effect of Smoking on the Lipid Profile of Inhabitant Smokers of Hasilpur, District Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Authors: Lashari Mushtaq hussain , Sumera Sumbel , Farooq Umer , Rehman Zia Ur , Sial Nuzhat , Ahmad Farooq , Afzal Fozia , Aktar Muhammad Saleem , Nawaz Muhammad , Gulshan A. B. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Health problem are culturally associated with smoking in developing countries. Many hazardous chemicals are taken up by direct or passive smoking causing lipid peroxidation resulting in oxidative stress.
Objectives: To estimate the occurrence of smoking and its effects on the lipid profile in populations of Hasilpur, Pakistan.
Methodology: The current study was conducted from April - August 2014. Out of 247 apparently healthy subjects of both genders (male=220; female=27), 134 were smokers and 113 were non-smokers. In order to analyze lipid profile, blood samples were collected in early morning hours from the selected members who were asked to fast all night. By using Chem-100 chemistry analyzer, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL were analyzed.
Results: The overall prevalence of smokers was 54.25%. The results showed 60.9% prevalence in males and 0% in females. The mean value of serum triglyceride in control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 147.4±11.7mg/dl, 190.8±41.4 and 205.3±29.7mg/dl, respectively. The results of cholesterol in control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 147.38±7.99mg/dl, 136.8 ±12. 8mg/dl and 173.44±8.63mg/dl, respectively. There was a considerable distinction in the mean level of serum triglyceride and cholesterol between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<00.5). The mean value of HDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers was 30.93±1.30mg/dl, 31.10±2.45 and 34.58±1.55mg/dl, respectively. The mean values of LDL and VLDL of control, light smokers and heavy smokers were 110.46±3.63mg/dl, 106.00±4.52mg/dl, 117.19±3.48mg/dl and 33.54±3.11mg/dl, 49±9.02mg/dl, 41.06±5.34mg/dl, respectively. There was significant difference in the mean level of HDL, LDL and VLDL between the control group, light smokers and heavy smoker groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: This study concluded that smoking is the reasons of variation in the lipid profile. Elevated period of smoking and the number of smoked cigarettes/day reason the alteration in serum lipid levels and is probably related with increased danger for coronary artery disease.
Probiotics as Human Health Promoters
Authors: Rasool Shiekh Ajaz , Mirza Fehmida , Waheed Hera , Munir Muhammad 
Published: August 2020

Probiotics (Pro-life live entities) provide the health and well being with multitude of beneficial effects on humans and animals (and relief against varied disorders). Probiotics may manage lactose intolerance, elevate immune profile, prevent colorectal cancers, reduce cholesterol and triglyceride profile, lowering blood pressure and inflammatory process. They also prevent osteoporosis, allergic reactions and help suppress H. pylori infections and other pathological manifestations.
Microbial metabolites (even in the absence of live entities) may exert (analogous) effects on signal pathways and barrier functions. Such substances are referred as â€˜Postbioticsâ€™ (the plain metabolic byproduct of probiotics, bioactive manifestations in the host). Generally, postbiotics include secondary metabolites such as bacteriocins, organic acids, ethanol, acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS). Such metabolites are inhibitory against pathogenic strains of different broad spectrum drug resistant microbial groups (MDR, XDR etc). Postbiotics are safe, apathogenic which may resist hydrolysis by enzymes of mammalian origin. It has been described that micro-RNA profile of human milk may exert the inhibitory effects of probiotics.
Our research group has been investigating the merits of mammalian milk as a viable source of probiotics that secrete bioactive peptides against MDR/biofilm producing strains (ref. Streptococcus thermophilus and Enterococcus faecalis, a GIT probiont). These peptides are in the range of 10-16KDa molecular mass (sensitive to proteolytic enzymes as well). Genes coding for these peptides are plasmid associated. Mode of action of these peptides is bacteriostatic. Molecular identification of these Probiotic strains is being followed. This, on the whole marks an emphasis on biological operation of novel strains of Probiotic and their applications in medico-clinical areas to improve the human health and wellness.
Effect of Time-Lapse Administration of Panadol (Paracetamol) on Spleen and Kidney Functions of Adult Albino Mice
Authors: Abbasi Muddasir Hassan , David Komal , Idnan Muhammad , Ahmed Zaira , Qureshi Asif Mahmood 
Published: August 2020

Panadol is a remarkable pain and fever reducing non opioid drug. It is known to be completely safe and tolerant medicine throughout the globe among people of all age groups. The goal of this study was to elaborate the histopathological effects of reduced interrupted regime of panadol on spleen and kidney functions of mice (Mus musculus).
The animals were categorized into four groups, the control group (C), and rest of the three were labeled as 1, 2 and 3, made on the basis of time interval of pandol administration via gavage (n=7). Matched volume of panadol (15000 Âµg/0.1ml) and normal saline was given to mice. Tissue samples were collected after sacrifice of the mice and processed for assessment.
The findings of the current study reflected the histopathological damage of kidney and spleen caused by panadol in reduced interval of time. The kidney section illustrated clear distortion in glomeruli integrity, marked increase in interstitial spaces, damaged epithelia, and degeneration in tubules in all the groups. The spleen histology exhibited the degradation of white pulp, depopulation, activation of follicles, cellular disruption thereby overall disorganized stature. The raised values of serum creatinine and blood urea examinations also revealed the deleterious effects of panadol overconsumption.
It is inferred from the above mentioned outcomes that though panadol is considered to be a safe drug even then its intake prior to four hours can account for adverse effects on kidney and spleen.
X-Ray Properties of Young Radio Quasars at z > 4.5
Authors: Snios Bradford , Siemiginowska Aneta , Sobolewska Małgosia , Cheung C. C. , Kashyap Vinay , Migliori Giulia , Schwartz Daniel A. , Stawarz Łukasz , Worrall Diana M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of Chandra X-ray observations of 15 young radio quasars at redshifts 4.5 < z < 5.0. All sources are detected in the 0.5–7.0 keV energy band. Emission spectra are extracted, and the average photon index for the sample is measured to be 1.5 ± 0.1. Unabsorbed rest-frame 2–10 keV luminosities are found to range between (0.5–23.2) × 1045 erg s−1. The optical–X-ray power-law spectral index

is calculated for each source using optical/UV data available in the literature. The

–UV relationship is compared with other quasar surveys, and an anticorrelation is observed that agrees with independent estimates. Rest-frame radio and X-ray luminosities are established for the sample, and a correlation between the luminosities is detected. These multiwavelength results reinforce a lack of spectral evolution for quasars over a broad redshift range. We additionally identify three quasars from our multiwavelength analysis that are statistically significant outliers, with one source being a Compton-thick candidate in the early universe, and discuss each in detail.
Intraoperative Awareness during General Anesthesia: Experience in 200 Patients in “185’s Hospital for Emergency Surgeries and Burn”. (An Observational Questionnaire-based Study)
Authors: Heggy Eslam Ragab , Abbas Sherif Mamdouh , El Mawla Atef Galal Abd , Adolf Mina , Fetouh Ahmed 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: General anesthesia (GA) is a complex state of hypnosis, amnesia, and suppression of stress response to stimuli and production of a quiet surgical field. Awareness under GA considered as unexpected and undesirable complication which can be source of pain and torture for many individuals after surgery.
AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of intraoperative awareness during general anesthesia in emergency operations using Brice questionnaire.
METHODS: Two hundred patients were included and undergone emergency operations under GA at Cairo University’s Hospitals. Intravenous induction then inhalational maintenance of anesthesia with muscle relaxant was commenced, basic vital signs were monitored and kept within normal range. Depth of anesthesia was manipulated and kept adequate intraoperatively according to patient’s clinical status. At the end of surgery, patients were fully reversed and extubated fully awake then transferred to the recovery room, then data were collected.
RESULTS: Data analysis showed 110 (55%) men and 90 (45%) women. Two hours postoperatively, one patient (0.5%) reported intraoperative awareness, while 199 patients (99.5%) remembered nothing intraoperatively.
CONCLUSION: The incidence of intraoperative awareness in our emergency hospital is relatively fair and clinical evaluation of anesthesia depth is an effective measure to detect and prevents intraoperative awareness.
Dermis-Fat Orbital Implantation: 118 Cases
Authors: Smith Byron , Bosniak Stephen , Nesi Frank , Lisman Richard 
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY
During the previous six years the authors have performed 118 dermis-fat orbital implants. Fifty-one were primary implantations performed at the time of enucleation. Nineteen grafts were implanted after migrated implants were removed, and 19 grafts were used to correct superior sulcus deformities. Nine dermis-fat grafts expanded contracted sockets. It is becoming increasingly clear that these autogenous implants are effective in maintaining orbital volume while preserving the fornicies and conserving the conjunctiva.
Although significant atrophy of primary grafts does not occur very frequently, it is more common in cases of secondary implantation, particularly in cases of chemically injured severely contracted sockets (3 of 9 cases). We have noted only one case of significant atrophy following a primary procedure. This occurred two and a half years following an apparently successful primary graft.