bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Folic acid decorated mesoporous silica nanospheres loaded with gadolinium for breast cancer cell imaging
Authors: Hosseinabadi Safdar Zare , Safari Sepideh , Mirzaei Mehdi , Mohammadi Elham , Amini Seyed Mohammad , Mehravi Bita 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In cancer cells, some of the transporters are overexpressed. Therefore targeted contrast agent delivery by functionalized nanoparticles is probable to advanced molecular imaging and cancer cell identification in the early stages of cancer. In this research, folic acid-modified mesoporous silica nanospheres, loaded with gadolinium, were prepared and characterized by various techniques. FSG nanoprobe cellular uptake was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by ICP-AES, flow cytometry, and fluorescent microscopy in cell lines which expressed different levels of folic acid receptors. The cellular uptake of FSG nanoprobe by cancer cells was about 62% which is 2.6 times higher than cellular uptake of nanoprobe without folic acid targeting group. The average of FSG nanoprobe cellular uptake was 0.6 ± 0.1 pg Gd3+ per cancer cell without any toxicity. The r
1 relaxivity of this nanoprobe in cancer cells was measured at 10.1 ± 6.0 mM−1 s−1 per Gd3+ base. The results demonstrated that the present synthesized nanoprobe is promising one for cancer cell detection and delivering a sufficient amount of Gd3+ as contrast agents into cancer cells.
Impaired hydration status in acutely admitted older patients: prevalence and impact on mortality
Authors: Sanson Gianfranco , Marzinotto Ilaria , De Matteis Daniela , Boscutti Giuliano , Barazzoni Rocco , Zanetti Michela 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
impaired hydration is common in the older people, however studies of its effects on outcome in the acute setting are limited.

Objectives
to assess (i) the prevalence of impaired hydration, (ii) its relationship with laboratory markers of altered hydration and with (iii) short- and long-term mortality.

Design
retrospective cohort study.

Setting
University Hospital-Internal Medicine Department.

Subjects
a total of 5,113 older patients consecutively acutely admitted from October 2015 to July 2016.

Methods
according to calculated serum osmolarity at admission hydration status was stratified in: low osmolarity (&lt;275 mmol/L), euhydration (275–295 mmol/L), impending (296–300 mmol/L) and current dehydration (&gt;300 mmol/L). Relationships with serum sodium, potassium, glucose, urea, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), haematocrit, urea/creatinine ratio (Urea/Cr) and urine specific gravity (USG) were determined. Charlson Comorbidity Index, Modified Early Warning Score, Glasgow Prognostic Score, Norton score and Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 were calculated.

Results
current and impending dehydration, euhydration and low-osmolarity were detected in 51.7, 17.1, 28.5 and 2.7% of the patients, respectively. Osmolarity correlated with urea (r = 0.846). Associations with serum sodium, creatinine, eGFR and urea/Cr were low but significant, being negligible that with USG and haematocrit. Serum sodium and urea increased in the transition from low- to high-osmolarity (P &lt; 0.001 in all pairwise comparisons). In multivariate modelling current dehydration, functional dependence, clinical instability and high nutritional risk were associated (P &lt; 0.001) with reduced short- and long-term survival.

Conclusions
impaired hydration is common in older people acutely admitted to medical care and is associated with poor outcome. Early assessment of calculated serum osmolarity is mandatory to target dehydration and hypoosmolar disorders.
On Pathology Laboratory Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Chiou Paul Z , Mulder Lotte , Jia Yuane 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The specific aims of the study are to analyze relationships between the personality traits of laboratory professionals and choice of profession and preferred work settings.

Methods
Data from practicing laboratory professionals were collected via a web-based survey tool to gather information about personality types, choice of profession, and work setting preferences among medical laboratory professionals.

Results
Results of the survey showed that INFJ (Introversion, Intuition, Feeling, Judging) is the most common medical laboratory personality type across the various laboratory work settings and that there are no significant differences between the practitioners’ personality type and the choice of profession within pathology. The study revealed laboratorians from higher-volume laboratories were 1.2 times more likely to prefer Judging than lower-volume laboratories, and younger medical laboratory practitioners were 2.3 times more likely to gravitate toward Perceiving than their older counterparts.

Conclusions
The results of this study shed light on how employers can build on the personality preferences of the laboratory workforce to improve personal job satisfaction and laboratory productivity, quality, and work culture. The research implications are useful for laboratory recruitment and retention.
Cardiovascular Benefits of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Plus Calcium Channel Blockade in Patients Achieving Tight Blood Pressure Control and With Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Brook Robert D , Kaciroti Niko , Bakris George , Dahlöf Björn , Pitt Bertrtam , Velazquez Eric , Weber Michael A , Jamerson Kenneth A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The 2017 hypertension guidelines lowered systolic blood pressure (BP) goals to &lt;130 mm Hg and redefined resistant hypertension. We investigated if these changes alter the cardiovascular benefits demonstrated by combining a calcium channel blocker (CCB), rather than hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI).

METHODS
In this post hoc analysis of the Avoiding Cardiovascular Events Through Combination Therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension trial (n = 11,506), we compared the primary composite outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for angina, resuscitation after sudden cardiac death, and coronary revascularization) between the 2 combination-treatment limbs in patients achieving a systolic BP ≤130 mm Hg and those with “apparent resistant hypertension” (prescribed ≥4 antihypertensive medications).

RESULTS
Among study patients, 5,221 (45.4%) achieved a systolic BP ≤130 mm Hg. There were fewer primary endpoints in the amlodipine/benazepril (9.2%) vs. the HCTZ/benazepril (10.9%) limb (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70–0.99). There were also fewer primary endpoints in the amlodipine/benazepril (12.8%) vs. the HCTZ/benazepril (15.2%) limb (n = 4,451, 38.7%) among patients with apparent resistant hypertension (HR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.70–0.95).

CONCLUSIONS
Combination therapy adding a CCB, rather than HCTZ, to an ACEI was more effective in preventing composite cardiovascular events even in hypertensive patients achieving aggressive systolic BP targets as well as in those with apparent resistant hypertension. Our findings add support that most patients, including those following contemporary clinical guidelines, will benefit from this combination.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT00170950.
Bryophyte cover and richness decline after 18 years of experimental warming in alpine Sweden
Authors: Alatalo Juha M , Jägerbrand Annika K , Erfanian Mohammad Bagher , Chen Shengbin , Sun Shou-Qin , Molau Ulf 
Published: November 2020

AbstractClimate change is expected to affect alpine and Arctic tundra communities. Most previous long-term studies have focused on impacts on vascular plants, this study examined impacts of long-term warming on bryophyte communities. Experimental warming with open-top chambers (OTCs) was applied for 18 years to a mesic meadow and a dry heath alpine plant community. Species abundance was measured in 1995, 1999, 2001 and 2013. Species composition changed significantly from original communities in the heath, but remained similar in mesic meadow. Experimental warming increased beta diversity in the heath. Bryophyte cover and species richness both declined with long-term warming, while Simpson diversity showed no significant responses. Over the 18-year period, bryophyte cover in warmed plots decreased from 43 % to 11 % in heath and from 68 % to 35 % in meadow (75 % and 48 % decline, respectively, in original cover), while richness declined by 39 % and 26 %, respectively. Importantly, the decline in cover and richness first emerged after 7 years. Warming caused significant increase in litter in both plant communities. Deciduous shrub and litter cover had negative impact on bryophyte cover. We show that bryophyte species do not respond similarly to climate change. Total bryophyte cover declined in both heath and mesic meadow under experimental long-term warming (by 1.5–3 °C), driven by general declines in many species. Principal response curve, cover and richness results suggested that bryophytes in alpine heath are more susceptible to warming than in meadow, supporting the suggestion that bryophytes may be less resistant in drier environments than in wetter habitats. Species loss was slower than the decline in bryophyte abundance, and diversity remained similar in both communities. Increased deciduous shrub and litter cover led to decline in bryophyte cover. The non-linear response to warming over time underlines the importance of long-term experiments and monitoring.
Application of Quality Risk Assessment and DoE-Based Enhanced Analytical Quality by Design Approach to Development of Chromatography Method for Estimation of Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage Form of Five Drugs
Authors: Prajapati Pintu B , Jayswal Kajal , Shah Shailesh A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The high-performance liquid chromatography method was only reported for simultaneous estimation of aspirin, simvastatin, ramipril, atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide in polycap capsule. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method is now accepted as a method of analysis by many pharmaceutical industries and included as an official method in monographs of pharmacopeias of many countries. Hence, HPTLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of polycap capsule using enhanced analytical quality by design based on principles of quality risk management and design of experiment (DOE). Quality risk management was performed by the identification and assessment of risky method parameters. DoE was carried out by Placket–Burman screening design and Box–Behnken response surface methodology using resolution and tailing factor as critical method attributes. Method operable design region was navigated for optimization and development of the method. The developed method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guideline. The method was found accurate, specific, precise and sensitive for the said estimation. The developed method was applied for the assay of polycap capsule and results were found in good agreement with the labeled claim. The developed method can be used as an alternative to reported HPLC methods for quality control of polycap capsule.
Insights into therapeutic products, preclinical research models, and clinical trials in cardiac regenerative and reparative medicine: where are we now and the way ahead. Current opinion paper of the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Regenerative and Reparative Medicine
Authors: Grigorian-Shamagian Lilian , Sanz-Ruiz Ricardo , Climent Andreu , Badimon Lina , Barile Lucio , Bolli Roberto , Chamuleau Steven , Grobbee Diederick E , Janssens Stefan , Kastrup Jens , Kragten-Tabatabaie Leyla , Madonna Rosalinda , Mathur Anthony , Menasché Philippe , Pompilio Giulio , Prosper Felipe , Sena Emily , Smart Nicola , Zimmermann Wolfgram-Hubertus , Fernández-Avilés Francisco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Great expectations have been set around the clinical potential of regenerative and reparative medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases [i.e. in particular, heart failure (HF)]. Initial excitement, spurred by encouraging preclinical data, resulted in a rapid translation into clinical research. The sobering outcome of the resulting clinical trials suggests that preclinical testing may have been insufficient to predict clinical outcome. A number of barriers for clinical translation include the inherent variability of the biological products and difficulties to develop potency and quality assays, insufficient rigour of the preclinical research and reproducibility of the results, manufacturing challenges, and scientific irregularities reported in the last years. The failure to achieve clinical success led to an increased scrutiny and scepticism as to the clinical readiness of stem cells and gene therapy products among clinicians, industry stakeholders, and funding bodies. The present impasse has attracted the attention of some of the most active research groups in the field, which were then summoned to analyse the position of the field and tasked to develop a strategy, to re-visit the undoubtedly promising future of cardiovascular regenerative and reparative medicine, based on lessons learned over the past two decades. During the scientific retreat of the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Regenerative and Reparative Medicine (CARE) in November 2018, the most relevant and timely research aspects in regenerative and/or reparative medicine were presented and critically discussed, with the aim to lay out a strategy for the future development of the field. We report herein the main ideas and conclusions of that meeting.
EHRA expert consensus statement and practical guide on optimal implantation technique for conventional pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Latin-American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
Authors: Burri Haran , Starck Christoph , Auricchio Angelo , Biffi Mauro , Burri Mafalda , D’Avila Andre , Deharo Jean-Claude , Glikson Michael , Israel Carsten , Lau Chu-Pak , Leclercq Christophe , Love Charles J , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Vernooy Kevin ,   Reviewers:, Dagres Nikolaos , Boveda Serge , Butter Christian , Marijon Eloi , Braunschweig Frieder , Mairesse Georges H , Gleva Marye , Defaye Pascal , Zanon Francesco , Lopez-Cabanillas Nestor , Guerra Jose M , Vassilikos Vassilios P , Martins Oliveira Mario 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith the global increase in device implantations, there is a growing need to train physicians to implant pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Although there are international recommendations for device indications and programming, there is no consensus to date regarding implantation technique. This document is founded on a systematic literature search and review, and on consensus from an international task force. It aims to fill the gap by setting standards for device implantation.
The bidirectional interaction between atrial fibrillation and heart failure: consequences for the management of both diseases
Authors: Verhaert Dominique V M , Brunner-La Rocca Hans-Peter , van Veldhuisen Dirk J , Vernooy Kevin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are both highly prevalent diseases and are accompanied by a significant disease burden and increased mortality. Although the conditions may exist independently, they often go hand in hand as each is able to provoke, sustain, and aggravate the other. In addition, the diseases share a risk profile with several coinciding cardiovascular risk factors, promoting the odds of developing both AF and HF separately from each other. When the diseases coexist, this provides additional challenges but also opportunities for the optimal treatment. The recommended management of the comorbidities has been much debated in the past decades. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological coherence of AF and HF, illustrate the current knowledge on the management of them as comorbidities of each other and look forward to future developments in this field.
Efficacy of Healthy Aging Interventions for Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Santos Flavia H , Zurek Johanna , Janicki Matthew P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
There is a lack of information on intervention strategies employed for health promotion and disease prevention for older adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), who usually experience poorer health compared to their peers without IDDs. We carried out the first systematic review to scrutinize the impact of intrinsic factors (e.g., cognitive, mental, and physical health) on the health status of older adults with IDDs.

Research Design and Methods
To assess the efficacy of such interventions, we examined 23 articles including prospective “healthy aging” interventions designed for adults with IDDs. Searches were carried out in the databases Web of Science, Scielo, and PsycINFO in April 2020. Articles were organized in thematic areas: (a) physical activity and health nutrition (n = 10), (b) health education and health screening (n = 6), (c) social inclusion and community participation (n = 3), and (d) multicomponents (n = 4). Except for 5 randomized controlled trial studies, the designs were mainly nonrandomized, involving small sample sizes (Nrange = 8–379 participants), and lacking follow-up.

Results
The studies included 2,398 men and women with IDDs (ranging in age from 18 to 86 years [mean age: 44.3 years]). Overall, intervention outcomes were mostly positive; however, some negative outcomes were reported.

Discussion and Implications
In brief, healthy aging interventions for people with IDDs remain scarce, incipient, and sporadic. We recommend that more attention needs to be given to active health promotion with people with IDDs as a program practice among organizations and as a focal public policy among governments.
3-D crustal VS model of western France and the surrounding regions using Monte-Carlo inversion of seismic noise cross-correlation dispersion diagrams
Authors: Gaudot I , Beucler É , Mocquet A , Drilleau M , Haugmard M , Bonnin M , Aertgeerts G , Leparoux D 
Published: November 2020

Summary
Due to a too sparse permanent seismic coverage during the last decades, the crustal structure of western France and the surrounding regions is poorly known. In this study, we present a 3-D seismic tomographic model of this area obtained from the analysis of 2-year continuous data recorded from 55 broad-band seismometers. An unconventional approach is used to convert Rayleigh wave dispersion diagrams obtained from ambient noise cross-correlations into posterior distributions of 1-D VS models integrated along each station pair. It allows to avoid the group velocity map construction step (which means dispersion curve extraction) while providing meaningful VS posterior uncertainties. VS models are described by a self-adapting and parsimonious parameterization using cubic Bézier splines. 1268 separately inverted 1-D VS profiles are combined together using a regionalization scheme, to build the 3-D VS model with a lateral resolution of 75 km over western France. The shallower part of the model (horizontal cross-section at 4 km depth) correlates well with the known main geological features. The crystalline Variscan basement is clearly associated with positive VS perturbations while negative heterogeneities match the Mesocenozoic sedimentary basins. At greater depths, the Bay of Biscay exhibits positive VS perturbations,which eastern and southern boundaries can be interpreted as the ocean-continent transition. The overall crustal structure below the Armorican Massif appears to be heterogenous at the subregional scale, and tends to support that both the South-Armorican Shear Zone and the Paris Basin Magnetic Anomaly are major crustal discontinuities that separate distinct domains.
Clinical Impact of Pretreatment Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in People Initiating Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Containing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bertagnolio Silvia , Hermans Lucas , Jordan Michael R , Avila-Rios Santiago , Iwuji Collins , Derache Anne , Delaporte Eric , Wensing Annemarie , Aves Theresa , Borhan A S M , Leenus Alvin , Parkin Neil , Doherty Meg , Inzaule Seth , Mbuagbaw Lawrence 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in rising levels of pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (PDR). This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of PDR on treatment outcomes among people initiating nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)–based ART, including the combination of efavirenz (EFV), tenofovir (TDF), and lamivudine or emtricitabine (XTC).MethodsWe systematically reviewed studies and conference proceedings comparing treatment outcomes in populations initiating NNRTI-based ART with and without PDR. We conducted subgroup analyses by regimen: (1) NNRTIs + 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), (2) EFV + 2 NRTIs, or (3) EFV/TDF/XTC; by population (children vs adults); and by definition of resistance (PDR vs NNRTI PDR).ResultsAmong 6197 studies screened, 32 were analyzed (31 441 patients). We found that individuals with PDR initiating NNRTIs across all the subgroups had increased risk of virological failure compared to those without PDR. Risk of acquisition of new resistance mutations and ART switch was also higher in people with PDR.ConclusionsThis review shows poorer treatment outcomes in the presence of PDR, supporting the World Health Organization’s recommendation to avoid using NNRTIs in countries where levels of PDR are high.
Ambiguity in medical concept normalization: An analysis of types and coverage in electronic health record datasets
Authors: Newman-Griffis Denis , Divita Guy , Desmet Bart , Zirikly Ayah , Rosé Carolyn P , Fosler-Lussier Eric 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Normalizing mentions of medical concepts to standardized vocabularies is a fundamental component of clinical text analysis. Ambiguity—words or phrases that may refer to different concepts—has been extensively researched as part of information extraction from biomedical literature, but less is known about the types and frequency of ambiguity in clinical text. This study characterizes the distribution and distinct types of ambiguity exhibited by benchmark clinical concept normalization datasets, in order to identify directions for advancing medical concept normalization research.

Materials and Methods
We identified ambiguous strings in datasets derived from the 2 available clinical corpora for concept normalization and categorized the distinct types of ambiguity they exhibited. We then compared observed string ambiguity in the datasets with potential ambiguity in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) to assess how representative available datasets are of ambiguity in clinical language.

Results
We found that &lt;15% of strings were ambiguous within the datasets, while over 50% were ambiguous in the UMLS, indicating only partial coverage of clinical ambiguity. The percentage of strings in common between any pair of datasets ranged from 2% to only 36%; of these, 40% were annotated with different sets of concepts, severely limiting generalization. Finally, we observed 12 distinct types of ambiguity, distributed unequally across the available datasets, reflecting diverse linguistic and medical phenomena.

Discussion
Existing datasets are not sufficient to cover the diversity of clinical concept ambiguity, limiting both training and evaluation of normalization methods for clinical text. Additionally, the UMLS offers important semantic information for building and evaluating normalization methods.

Conclusions
Our findings identify 3 opportunities for concept normalization research, including a need for ambiguity-specific clinical datasets and leveraging the rich semantics of the UMLS in new methods and evaluation measures for normalization.