bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Leaf Essential Oils of Syzygium oblatum and Syzygium abortivum: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Dai Do Ngoc , Huong Le Thi , Quynh Pham Thi Nhu , Le Quyen Nguyen Thi , Linh Nguyen Ngoc , Nhung Phi Thi Tuyet , Xuan Ha Nguyen , Son Ninh The 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives Syzygium (the family Myrtaceae) is a well-known genus in the field of food chemistry and medicinal purposes. The current study aims to provide a chemical analysis of essential oils from the fresh leaves of two Vietnamese Syzygium species Syzygium oblatum (Roxb.) Wall. ex Steudel and S. abortivum (Gagnep.) Merr. & L.M.Perry. Methods Chemical compounds in essential oils were identified using GC-FID/MS (gas chromatography-flame ionization detection/mass spectrometry) analysis. The broth microdilution method was used for the antimicrobial assay. Docking stimulation aided experimental results. Results ( E)-Caryophyllene (27.89%), α-selinene (18.34%), β-selinene (17.48%), and α-pinene (5.20%) were identified to be the main compounds in S. oblatum leaf essential oil, whereas the leaf essential oil of S. abortivum was dominated by ( E)-caryophyllene (19.56%), δ-cadinene (11.03%), germacrene D (10.34%), and γ-muurolene (5.50%). It noted that both studied oil samples with the MIC/IC50 values of 8-32 µg/mL/4.56-10.37 µg/mL were comparable to the standard drugs in antimicrobial experiments against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Enterococcus faecalis, and yeast Candida albicans. Molecular docking results showed that the main compound ( E)-caryophyllene primarily formed hydrophobic interactions with the microbial proteins C. albicans N-myristoyl transferase B. cereus patB1, and E. faecalis carbamate kinase with the binding affinities of −6.969, −6.342, and −5.530 kcal/mol, respectively Conclusion It is advised to isolate the main chemicals and conduct in vivo antibacterial experiments for both essential oils and their main compounds.
Insulin resistance in childhood obesity: The role of dietary habits and their association with novel markers of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Davico Belen , Lozano Chiappe Ezequiel , Gaete Laura , Gomez Rosso Leonardo , Sáez María Soledad , Tetzlaff Walter , Palenque Patricia , Osta Viviana , Yánez Amanda , Boero Laura , Trifone Liliana , Martin Maximiliano , Brites Fernando 
Published: December 2024

Background Childhood obesity presents numerous comorbidities such as insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia, and could be associated with alterations in novel markers of cardiovascular (CV) risk like: (1) the activities of associated enzymes such as lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and paraoxonase 1 (PON 1), (2) reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), which comprises cellular cholesterol efflux (CCE), in addition to lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activities, and (3) high density lipoprotein (HDL) antioxidant capacity. Moreover, IR could worsen these cardiometabolic alterations. The objective of the present study was to characterize the effect of IR on novel CV markers in a pediatric population with obesity. Methods Twenty-five obese children and adolescents with IR, and 25 without IR took part in the study. Anthropometric parameters, Tanner stage and dietary habits were registered. Glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), lipid, and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, plus Lp-PLA2, LCAT, CETP and PON 1 activities, as well as CCE and HDL antioxidant capacity were measured. A cutoff point of 3.16 in Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) determined the presence of IR. Results No differences were observed in age, sex and Tanner stage. Expectedly, the group with IR displayed higher insulin and NEFA levels (p < 0.05). They also presented increased Lp-PLA2 and decreased PON activities (p < 0.05). Importantly, these differences were associated with dietary habits (p < 0.05). Conclusion IR present in pediatric obesity associated with vascular specific inflammation and reduced PON 1 activity, in addition to alterations in glucose metabolism, thus increasing CV risk in adulthood. These proatherogenic disturbances were conditioned by dietary habits.
Incidence of antibody–drug conjugate-related hepatotoxicity in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Ping , Zhang Hengheng , Li Jinming , Li Zitao , Liu Zhen , Wang Miaozhou , Zhao Fuxing , Zhao Jiuda , Shen GuoShuang , Zhao Yi 
Published: December 2024

Background: Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), as a new type of targeted drug, have been widely used in breast cancer patients in recent years. However, while achieving better efficacy, its hepatotoxicity should not be ignored. Objectives: To clarify the incidence of hepatotoxicity associated with ADCs and compare the incidence of hepatotoxicity of ADCs with different drugs. Design: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the clinical trials and combined the data using meta-analysis. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to March 12, 2023. The primary outcome was the incidence of ADC-related hepatotoxicity in breast cancer patients. The data were merged using Stata 17.0 software. Results: ADCs caused a high incidence of all grades of hepatotoxicity. Sacituzumab govitecan caused the highest incidence of all grades of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation at 25.30% (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.29–31.82). Trastuzumab deruxtecan caused the highest incidence of all grades of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation. The highest incidence of AST elevation was 31.89% (95% CI: 18.56–46.85). Conversely, trastuzumab emtansine caused the highest incidence of grade ⩾3 AST and ALT elevation (incidence rates were 3.95% (95% CI: 2.39–5.85) and 3.42% (95% CI: 1.95–5.24), respectively). Conclusion: Hepatotoxicity is an adverse reaction that cannot be ignored when ADCs are used for treating breast cancer. Moreover, clinicians should pay more attention to the assessment of patients’ liver function and monitoring of liver indices, particularly ALT and AST, when using ADCs.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among people living with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy in Indonesia: Prevalence and related factors
Authors: Pramukti Hikmat , Yunihastuti Evy , Gani Rino A , Rinaldi Ikhwan , Hasan Irsan , Maria Suzy 
Published: December 2024

Background/objectives: As people with human immunodeficiency virus experience longer life expectancy, other causes of morbidity and mortality are being increasingly identified. The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has recently been on the rise in Indonesia. People with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy are also at an increased risk of having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study aimed to define the prevalence and factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in people with human immunodeficiency virus on stable antiretroviral therapy. Methods: A cross-sectional study of people with human immunodeficiency virus, on antiretroviral therapy, age younger than 18 years old, and without hepatitis co-infection was conducted at the human immunodeficiency virus Integrated Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed using transient elastography with associated controlled attenuation parameter examination (diagnostic cutoff: 238 db/m). A logistic regression test with Poisson regression was used to evaluate factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Results: One hundred and five people with human immunodeficiency virus were included, with a median age of 39 years and 65.7% were men. The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was 52.4%. Factors related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were hypertension (aPR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.03–2.14, p = 0.033) and triglyceride levels (aPR: 1.001, 95% CI: 1.000–1.002, p = 0.024). No human immunodeficiency virus-specific variables were associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusions: More than half of Indonesian people with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy in this study were found to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hypertension and increased triglyceride levels were related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease should be implemented as a means of early intervention and to prevent complications.
Impact of prostate volume on the active surveillance in prostate cancer
Authors: Beaujouan Florent , Bertherat Walter , Hammoudi Zakaria , Chicaud Marie , Descazeaud Aurélien 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To determine the influence of the prostate volume (PVo) in the management of patients in active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical, biological, histological and radiological data collected between 2010 and 2021 was performed for patients included in an AS protocol in a university hospital. The impact of initial PVo on the subsequent risk of exiting AS was evaluated. Results: In total, 109 patients were included in this analysis with a mean follow-up period of 52.74 ± 31 months, 50% were out of AS by the end of the follow-up period. The risk of exiting the AS protocol was significantly associated to the PVo: patients with smaller PVo had an increased risk of exiting AS ( p = 0.025). The maximal percentage of core invasion was the only initial predictive parameter for exiting the AS protocol on multivariate analysis of the global cohort ( p = 0.010) and in the sub-group of patients having PVo ⩽ 45 mL ( p = 0.013). In the group having a PVo > 45 mL, no single initial parameter was significantly associated to a risk of exiting AS. Conclusion: Patients having small-sized prostate seemed to be at higher risk of exiting AS during follow-up. Level of evidence: 4
Antimicrobial properties of copper tetraamine fluoride
Authors: Xu Veena Wenqing , Yin Iris Xiaoxue , Niu John Yun , Yu Ollie Yiru , Nizami Mohammed Zahedul Islam , Chu Chun-Hung 
Published: December 2024

Background: A stable copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) with low cytotoxicity has been developed for dental use. Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against common microbes associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. Method: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against eight common bacteria and one fungus associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. These nine microbes included cariogenic pathogens ( Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii and Candida albicans), pulpitis-related bacteria ( Enterococcus faecalis) and periodontal disease-related bacteria ( Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to examine the morphological changes of microbes with and without CTF treatment. Results: The MIC of CTF against nine microbes ranged from 80 ppm ( Lacticaseibacillus casei) to 640 ppm ( Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis). The MBC/MFC ranged from 320 ppm ( Lacticaseibacillus casei) to 2560 ppm ( Candida albicans). TEM revealed abnormal curvature of cell membranes, disrupted cell membranes, cytoplasmic clear zone, and cytoplasmic content leakage of the microbes treated with CTF. Conclusion: CTF has antimicrobial effects against common oral pathogens and presents a promising antimicrobial agent to aid management of dental caries and periodontal disease.
Morphological Description of the Embryonic to Fetal Development of the Menisco- Tibio-Popliteus-Fibular Complex and the Anterolateral Ligament
Authors: Morales-Avalos Rodolfo , Lopez-Serna Norberto , Erosa-Villarreal Roger Armando , Padilla-Medina José Ramón , Cortés-Álvarez Catalina Damaris , Torres-González Vladimira , Huesca-Perez Héctor A. , Muñoz-Garza Ana Karen , Martinez-Guajardo Karla V. , Soto-Dominguez Adolfo , Carles Monllau Joan 
Published: December 2024

Background: Little information is available on the embryology of the structures that connect the lateral meniscus to its nearby structures (proximal tibia, fibular head, and popliteus tendon), which restrict lateral meniscal extrusion. Purpose: To describe the menisco-tibio-popliteus-fibular complex (MTPFC)—conformed by the lateral meniscotibial ligament (LMTL), popliteofibular ligament, meniscofibular ligament, and the 2 popliteomeniscal ligaments (superior and inferior)—and anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee in human embryos/fetuses from weeks 9 to 37 of gestation. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The authors analyzed 36 formalin-fixed embryos/fetus knees, ranging between weeks 9 and 37 of gestation. All had normal external morphological characteristics. A microdissection was performed by meticulously searching the structures of the MTPFC and the ALL, their anatomic relationships, and their appearance over time. Histological sections were taken of the entire knee, the lateral meniscus, the ALL, and the LMTL to observe its structure from its early stages, junctions, and cellularity. In addition, the composition and orientation of the fibers were evaluated. Results: The MTPFC was not found in the youngest knees (9 weeks). The ligaments of this complex could not be seen until week 11 of development. Moreover, the ALL was a consistent finding from the 13th week of development onward. All the ligaments of the MTPFC were seen between developmental weeks 11 and 16 in all the specimens. The histological results showed that the histology of the ALL showed dense connective tissue organized into thick bundles of collagen fibers in its central portion, with a parallel and undulating arrangement and the anterolateral capsule demonstrated 3 easily distinguishable layers corresponding to the fibrous membrane, the subsynovial membrane formed by loose connective tissue, and the synovial membrane. Conclusion: All the structures of the MTPFC were visualized from week 11, with the LMTL being the first to form. Moreover, the ALL was a consistent finding from week 13 of development onward. Clinical Relevance: Understanding the embryological development of the MTPFC and the ALL of the knee is clinically relevant, as it can provide crucial insights into the pathogenesis of knee conditions and inform treatment strategies. By elucidating the timeline and characteristics of these structures’ formation, clinicians can better diagnose and manage conditions affecting the lateral meniscus and related structures, ultimately improving patient outcomes and surgical interventions.
Japanese patients’ preferences regarding disclosure of patient safety incidents: A survey study
Authors: Gu Xiuzhu , Deng Mingming 
Published: December 2024

Background Incident disclosure has proved its cultural sensitivity. To meet patient needs, this study aims to investigate Japanese preferences regarding incident disclosure. Methods An online panel questionnaire survey was conducted in Japan, and 840 valid responses were collected. A total of 191 (23%) respondents or their family members had incident experience. The respondents were asked to indicate their preferences regarding disclosure practice, specifically for incidents entailing moderate and severe harm. The chi-squared test was applied to examine preference differences. Results Mostly similar preferences were identified among Japanese respondents, regardless of their incident experience, age, and sex. For instance, they wished to be disclosed through face-to-face communication (92% in moderate and 92% in severe harm incidents), immediately after detection (63%; 65%), at the bedside, or in a consultation room (50%; 46%). The incident was likely to be disclosed by the healthcare provider most responsible/directly involved in the patient's care at the time of the incident (48%; 45%), accompanied by the team/department leader (50%; 56%) and patient safety manager (50%; 59%). If the incident entailed severe harm, top management members were also expected to be involved (45%); all details about the incident were expected to be informed (57%). Conclusions The findings reveal that Japanese patient preferences regarding incident disclosure are partly shared with Western countries and partly with other Asian countries. The unique Japanese preference for disclosure places is also identified. Recommendations for incident disclosure are then suggested and we believe this could be the first step toward supporting disclosure in Japanese healthcare organizations.
Outpatient subcutaneous alemtuzumab is feasible and safe for aplastic anemia and is associated with high response rates
Authors: da Fonseca Ana Rita , Justino Caio Cesar , Campos de Molla Vinicius , Yamakawa Patricia Eiko , Rabelo Iara Baldim , Arnold Louise , Kelly Richard , Griffin Morag , Munir Talha , Hill Anita , Velloso Elvira , Dalessandro Thales , Risitano Antonio M. , Scheinberg Phillip , Kulasekararaj Austin , Arrais-Rodrigues Celso 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Immunosuppressive therapy using horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG; h-ATG) combined with cyclosporine (CsA) and eltrombopag is the standard care for aplastic anemia (AA) in patients without a suitable matched donor. However, in many countries, h-ATG use has been discontinued, leaving rabbit ATG (r-ATG), which has a lower response rates and poorer survival, as the only alternative. In previous studies, alemtuzumab (ALZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD52, combined with CsA, resulted in an adequate overall response rate (ORR) in patients with AA. This study describes a multicenter, international retrospective analysis of ALZ for treating AA.We analyzed a series of patients who received subcutaneous ALZ for AA in 4 centers in Brazil and the United Kingdom from March 2009 to January 2024. We analyzed 64 ALZ treatments in 61 adult patients with AA, 76% with severe AA (SAA) or very SAA. The ORR was 59.4% at 12 months (complete, 21.9%; partial, 37.5%). Cumulative incidence (CI) of response was 54.7% at 6 months and 59.4% at 12 months. Younger patients (age &lt;65 years) had higher CI of response (67% vs 31%; P = .03), as did patients treated with a total dose of 103 mg (70% vs 38%; P = .02). Overall survival was 86% at 1 year, 78% at 2 years, and 70% at 4 years, significantly higher in responders (90% vs 44%; P &lt; .0001). Adverse events were of low grade, and infectious events were infrequent. Subcutaneous ALZ is a feasible, effective, and safe alternative to r-ATG for patients with AA requiring immunosuppressive treatment when h-ATG access is limited.
Clinimetric properties of field exercise tests in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review
Authors: Corda Jennifer , Holland Anne E. , Tannenbaum Esta-Lee , Cox Narelle S. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesAccurate measurement of exercise capacity is an important prognostic indicator for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF); however, gold-standard, cardiopulmonary exercise tests are commonly unavailable. This review systematically describes the clinimetric properties of field exercise tests for pwCF.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken for studies reporting field exercise tests in pwCF. Four electronic databases were searched for studies published from 1990 to January 2024. Where available, clinimetric properties reported included reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability.Results4041 studies were identified with 153 eligible for inclusion. 10 different field exercise tests were described, including six walk/run tests (incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), modified shuttle test–15 levels (MST-15), MST–25 levels (MST-25), 20-m shuttle test, 6-min walk test (6MWT) and 12-min walk test (12MWT)), three step tests (3-min step test (3MST), incremental step test and Alfred step test (A-STEP)) and the 1-min sit-to-stand test (1STS). Reliability was found for the ISWT, MST-15, 6MWT, 1STS and 3MST (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.80). The ISWT, MST-15 and 6MWT were found to be valid (concurrent and discriminate). Responsiveness was supported for the 6MWT only. Four tests (MST-15, 6MWT, 3MST and 1STS) demonstrated ceiling effects.ConclusionThis review supports the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the 6MWT in pwCF. The ISWT and MST-15 were found to be valid. The 1STS is reliable and feasible, but its utility is limited by ceiling effects. The 3MST, MST-25, 20-m shuttle test, incremental step test, A-STEP and 12MWT require further investigations of their clinimetric properties.
Effect of grooving pretreatment on flame retardant vacuum-pressure impregnation performance of full-size timbers
Authors: Jang Eun-Suk , Jo Seok-Un , Park Hee-Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe reported in a previous study that wood fiber orthogonal grooving improves flame retardant vacuum-pressure impregnation performance. However, it was limited to small sample sizes. We extended our previous study to investigate the effect of grooving on flame retardant impregnation in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don.) and Korean larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carriere) full-size timber [2,400 mm(L) × 100 mm(W) × 22 mm(T)], which are widely used as a building interior lining. Japanese cedar had higher open-pore porosity and gas permeability than Korean larch. As a result, Japanese cedar had no significant difficulty impregnating the flame retardant, even without a grooving pretreatment process. The flame retardant's impregnating performance in Korean larch control was insignificant, but the impregnating ability was improved after fiber orthogonal grooving. In conclusion, Japanese cedar can meet the fire safety standards announced by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport without groove processing before flame retardant impregnation. On the other hand, Korean larch had to be impregnated with a flame retardant after grooving processing in the orthogonal direction of the fiber to achieve fire safety performance. As a result, this grooving pretreatment is a simple and practical technique that can be used immediately on impervious commercial wood.
Decoding the enigmatic estrogen paradox in pulmonary hypertension: delving into estrogen metabolites and metabolic enzymes
Authors: You Qiang , Song Hequn , Zhu Ziming , Wang Jinzheng , Wang Ruixin , Du Mingjia , Fu Yingjie , Yuan Jinxiang , Tan Rubin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) presents a puzzling sex bias, being more prevalent in women yet often less severe than in men, and the underlying reasons remain unclear. Studies using animal models, and limited clinical data have revealed a protective influence of exogenous estrogens, known as the estrogen paradox. Research suggests that beyond its receptor-mediated effects, estrogen acts through metabolites such as 2-ME2, 4-OHE2, and 16-OHE2, which are capable of exhibiting protective or detrimental effects in PH, prompting the need to explore their roles in PH to untangle sex differences and the estrogen paradox. Hypoxia disrupts the balance of estrogen metabolites by affecting the enzymes responsible for estrogen metabolism. Delving into the role of these metabolic enzymes not only illuminates the sex difference in PH but also provides a potential rationale for the estrogen paradox. This review delves into the intricate interplay between estrogen metabolites, metabolic enzymes, and PH, offering a deeper understanding of sex-specific differences and the perplexing estrogen paradox in the context of this condition.
Graphic Abstract