bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Religiously-Tailored Text Messaging Intervention to Reduce Smoking Among Somali Muslim Men During Ramadan
Authors: Pratt Rebekah , Ojo-Fati Olamide , DuBois Diana , Okuyemi Kolawole , Graham Amanda L , Mohamed Sharif , Janowiec Mark , Kahin Abdillahi , Mahamud Abdirahman , Tessier Katelyn M , Busch Andrew M , Joseph Anne M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The prevalence of smoking among Somali Muslim male immigrants residing in Minnesota is estimated at 44%, however smoking reduction is common during the month of Ramadan. This study evaluated the feasibility and impact of a religiously tailored text message intervention delivered during Ramadan to encourage smoking reduction among Somali Muslim men who smoke.

Methods
Fifty Somali men were recruited. Participants received two text messages per day starting 1 week prior to and throughout the month of Ramadan. Approximately half were religiously tailored and half were about the risks of smoking and benefits of quitting. Smoking behavior was assessed at baseline, and at weeks 4 (end of Ramadan), 8, and 16. Outcomes included feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of the text message intervention on smoking reduction and bioverified abstinence.

Results
The average age was 41 years. Average time to first cigarette was 1.8 hours at baseline, and 46% of participants smoked menthol cigarettes. Eighteen of 50 participants selected English and 32 selected Somali text messages. Subjects significantly reduced self-reported cigarettes per day (CPD) from 12.4 CPD at baseline to 5.8 CPD at week 16 (p &lt; 0.001). Seven subjects reported quitting at week 16, five completed CO testing, confirming self-reported abstinence. The majority of participants found the cultural and religious references encouraging at the end of the week 16 survey.

Conclusions
Religiously tailored text messages to decrease smoking are feasible and acceptable to Somali Muslim men who smoke during Ramadan. This intervention for addressing smoking disparities is worthy of further study.

Implications
Recruitment of Somali Muslim men who smoke is feasible and supports the idea that further studies targeting smoking during Ramadan are practical. Ramadan presents a window of opportunity upon which to build smoking cessation interventions for smokers who identify as Muslim. These preliminary findings suggest that text messaging is a feasible and acceptable intervention strategy, and that religious tailoring was well received. Such an approach may offer potential for addressing smoking disparities among Somali Muslim male smokers.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03379142
Sexual Difficulties in the Population with Musculoskeletal Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Katz Haydee , Newton-John Toby R O , Shires Alice 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
To review the current literature on the nature and prevalence of sexual difficulties in the population with chronic musculoskeletal pain, as well as to identify the biopsychosocial factors that maintain these difficulties.

Design
Systematic review.

Methods
Studies were found by using multiple electronic databases and examining reference lists. After application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 studies were eligible for review. Data were extracted and characteristics were described for outcomes of interest (i.e., sexual dysfunction, pain condition, pain intensity, psychosocial factors, gender differences). Cochrane Risk of Bias was assessed for all included studies.

Results
Ten studies (2,941 participants) were included in the review. Musculoskeletal conditions included low back pain and fibromyalgia. All studies examining sexual functioning found evidence of sexual difficulty among patients with chronic pain. Three studies demonstrated that sexual dysfunction was significantly greater in patients than in healthy matched controls. Nine studies found that greater pain levels significantly correlated with greater sexual dysfunction. Eight studies noted an increased prevalence of sexual difficulties in those with comorbid psychological problems. Heterogeneity between studies was identified, particularly with regard to gender outcomes. The risk-of-bias assessment also highlighted limitations in approximately half of studies.

Conclusions
This review reiterates the importance of investigating sexual functioning in the chronic musculoskeletal pain population, given the high prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain across all age bands. Given methodological limitations, future research should develop measures that sensitively cater to the various needs of patients with chronic pain. By modifying assessment to include biopsychosocial concerns, practitioners can tailor treatment to address transdiagnostic factors that maintain sexual dysfunction.
All-Pay Oligopolies: Price Competition with Unobservable Inventory Choices
Authors: Montez Joao , Schutz Nicolas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study production in advance in a setting where firms first source inventories that remain unobservable to rivals, and then simultaneously set prices. In the unique equilibrium, each firm occasionally holds a sale relative to its reference price, resulting in firms sometimes being left with unsold inventory. In the limit as inventory costs become fully recoverable, the equilibrium converges to an equilibrium of the game where firms only choose prices and produce to order—the associated Bertrand game (examples of which include fully asymmetric clearinghouse models). Thus, away from that limit, our work generalizes Bertrand-type equilibria to production in advance, and challenges the commonly held view associating production in advance with Cournot outcomes. The analysis involves, as an intermediate step, mapping the price-inventory game into an asymmetric all-pay contest with outside options and non-monotonic winning and losing functions. We apply our framework to public policy towards information sharing, mergers, cartels, and taxation.
Activity of a subset of vesicular GABA-transporter neurons in the ventral zona incerta anticipates sleep onset
Authors: Blanco-Centurion Carlos , Luo SiWei , Vidal-Ortiz Aurelio , Swank Colby , Shiromani Priyattam J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep and wake are opposing behavioral states controlled by the activity of specific neurons that need to be located and mapped. To better understand how a waking brain falls asleep it is necessary to identify activity of individual phenotype-specific neurons, especially neurons that anticipate sleep onset. In freely behaving mice, we used microendoscopy to monitor calcium (Ca2+) fluorescence in individual hypothalamic neurons expressing the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT), a validated marker of GABA neurons.

Methods
vGAT-Cre mice (male = 3; female = 2) transfected with rAAV-FLEX-GCaMP6M in the lateral hypothalamus were imaged 30 days later during multiple episodes of waking (W), non-rapid-eye movement sleep (NREMS) or REMS (REMS).

Results
372 vGAT neurons were recorded in the zona incerta. 23.9% of the vGAT neurons showed maximal fluorescence during wake (classified as wake-max), 4% were NREM-max, 56.2% REM-max, 5.9% wake/REM max, while 9.9% were state-indifferent. In the NREM-max group, Ca2+ fluorescence began to increase before onset of NREM sleep, remained high throughout NREM sleep, and declined in REM sleep.

Conclusions
We found that 60.2% of the vGAT GABA neurons in the zona incerta had activity that was biased towards sleep (NREM and REMS). A subset of vGAT neurons (NREM-max) became active in advance of sleep onset and may induce sleep by inhibiting the activity of the arousal neurons. Abnormal activation of the NREM-max neurons may drive sleep attacks and hypersomnia.
Outpatient Penicillin Allergy Testing in Pregnant Women Who Report an Allergy
Authors: Desravines Nerlyne , Waldron Jamie , Venkatesh Kartik K. , Kwan Mildred , Boggess Kim A. 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of outpatient penicillin allergy testing among pregnant women.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cohort study at a large academic hospital from March 2019 to March 2020. We recruited pregnant women with a self-reported penicillin allergy who underwent allergy testing between 14 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation.

RESULTS:
Of 127 eligible women pregnant women, 74 (58%, 95% CI 4–67%) accepted allergy testing. Fifty completed or intended to complete allergy testing, yielding a feasibility rate of 68% (95% CI 56–78%). Among the 46 women actually tested (who ranged in age from 18 to 42), 93% (95% CI 68–100%) had a negative test result. A systemic reaction (symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis) occurred in only 2 women (4%, 95% CI 0.5–15%) despite 20 (43%) reporting a severe allergy. No woman suffered an adverse event as a result of allergy testing. In multivariate analysis adjusting for age and parity, women with public insurance had decreased odds of undergoing penicillin allergy testing (adjusted odds ratio 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.69).

CONCLUSION:
Outpatient penicillin allergy testing is acceptable and feasible in pregnancy.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)–Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a Pregnant Woman
Authors: Gulersen Moti , Staszewski Cara , Grayver Evelina , Tam Tam Hima , Gottesman Eric , Isseroff Donnie , Rochelson Burton , Bonanno Clarissa 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:
Recent reports have described a rare but severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in nonpregnant adults that is associated with extrapulmonary organ dysfunction and appears to be secondary to a hyperinflammatory state.

CASE:
A multiparous woman at 28 weeks of gestation, diagnosed with COVID-19 4 weeks prior, was admitted with chest pain. Evaluation indicated myocarditis and marked elevations of inflammatory markers consistent with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults. The patient developed cardiogenic shock and required mechanical ventilation. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose corticosteroids was associated with a favorable maternal and fetal outcome.

CONCLUSION:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy is a critical illness, presenting several weeks after initial infection. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobin and corticosteroids was associated with a favorable outcome.
Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Single-Level Lumbar Fusions
Authors: Khalid Syed I. , Maasarani Samantha , Nunna Ravi S. , Shanker Rachyl M. , Cherney Alecia A. , Smith Jennifer S. , Reme Anne-Isabelle , Adogwa Owoicho 
Published: December 2020

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to analyze association between social determinants of health (SDH) disparity on postoperative complication rates, and 30-day and 90-day all-cause readmission in patients undergoing single-level lumbar fusions.

Summary of Background Data.
Decreasing postoperative complication rates is of great interest to surgeons and healthcare systems. Postoperative complications are associated with poor convalescence, inferior patient reported outcomes measures, and increased health care resource utilization. Better understanding of the association between Social Determinants of Health (SDH) on postoperative outcomes maybe helpful to decrease postoperative complication rates.

Methods.
MARINER 2020, an all-payer claims database, was utilized to identify patients undergoing single-level lumbar fusions between 2010 and 2018. The primary outcomes were the rates of any postoperative complication, symptomatic pseudarthrosis, need for revision surgery, or 30-day and 90-day all-cause readmission.

Results.
The exact matched population analyzed in this study contained 16,560 patients (8280 [50.0%] patients undergoing single-level lumbar fusion with an SDH disparity; 8280 [50.0%] patients undergoing single-level lumbar fusion without a disparity). Both patient groups were balanced at baseline. The rate of symptomatic pseudarthrosis (1.0% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.05) or any postoperative complication (16.3% vs. 10.4%, P < 0.05) in the matched analysis was higher in the disparity group. The presence of a disparity was associated with 70% increased odds of developing any complication (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.53–1.84) or symptomatic pseudarthrosis (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.17–2.37). Unadjusted and adjusted sensitivity analyses yielded similar results as the primary analysis.

Conclusion.
Social Determinants of Health affect outcomes in spine surgery patients and are associated with an increased risk of developing postoperative complications following lumbar spine fusion.

Level of Evidence: 3
Long-term, Time-course Evaluation of Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy Induced by Mechanical Stress
Authors: Hori Yusuke , Suzuki Akinobu , Hayashi Kazunori , Ohyama Shoichiro , Yabu Akito , Maruf Mohammad Hasib , Habibi Hasibullah , Salimi Hamidullah , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: December 2020

Study Design.
Experimental animal study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to clarify chronological effects of mechanical stress on ligamentum flavum (LF) using a long-term fusion rabbit model.

Summary of Background Data.
LF hypertrophy is a major pathology of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), but its mechanism remains unclear. We previously demonstrated mechanical-stress-induced LF hypertrophy with a rabbit model. However, we only investigated LFs at a single time point in the short-term; the effects of long-term mechanical stress have not been elucidated.

Methods.
Eighteen-week-old male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the mechanical stress group underwent L2–3 and L4–5 posterolateral fusion and resection of the L3–4 supraspinal muscle, whereas the control group underwent only surgical exposure. Rabbits were sacrificed 16 and 52 weeks after the procedure. Axial specimens of LFs at L3–4 were evaluated histologically. Immunohistochemistry for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was performed to assess the numbers of vessels and myofibroblasts.

Results.
In the mechanical stress group, LFs at the L3–4 level exhibited hypertrophy with elastic fiber disruption and cartilage matrix production at 16 and 52 weeks. A trend test indicated that mechanical stress induced LF hypertrophy, elastic fiber disruption, and cartilage matrix production in a time-dependent manner, with the lowest levels before treatment and the highest at 52 weeks. Immunostaining for α-SMA showed similar numbers of vessels in both groups, whereas the percentage of myofibroblasts was significantly larger at 16 and 52 weeks in the mechanical stress group than in the control group.

Conclusion.
We demonstrated that long-term mechanical stress caused LF hypertrophy with progressive elastic fiber disruption and cartilage matrix production accompanied by enhanced myofibroblasts. In addition, the reported rabbit model could be extended to elucidate the mechanism of LF hypertrophy and to develop new therapeutic strategies for LSS by preventing LF hypertrophy.
Level of Evidence: SSSSS
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Visual Field Progression in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Rao Harsha L. , Srinivasan Thanemozhi , Pradhan Zia S. , Sreenivasaiah Shruthi , Rao Dhanaraj A.S. , Puttaiah Narendra K. , Devi Sathi , Moghimi Sasan , Mansouri Kaweh , Webers Carroll A.B. , Weinreb Robert N. 
Published: December 2020

Precis:
Lower whole enface disc (coefficient: 0.02, P=0.03) and macular vessel densities (coefficient: 0.04, P=0.02) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were significantly associated with faster rate of mean deviation (MD) decline.

Purpose:
To evaluate the association between OCTA features and prior visual field (VF) progression in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, 46 eyes of 31 PACG patients with 5 reliable VF examinations performed over ≥3 years of follow-up underwent OCTA imaging. Effect of clinical (age, sex, number of antiglaucoma medications, mean, and SD of intraocular pressure during follow-up), optical coherence tomography (average retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thickness) and OCTA (whole enface vessel density of disc and macular scan, deep-layer microvascular dropout) parameters on the rate of MD change was evaluated using linear mixed models.

Results:
Average (±SD) MD of the baseline VF was −7.4±7.3 dB, and rate of MD change was −0.32±0.29 dB/y. Whole enface vessel density of disc and macular scans was 39.5%±8.1% and 38.7%±4.4%, respectively. Microvascular dropout was noted in 33.3% of the eyes. Multivariate mixed models showed that lower whole enface disc (coefficient: 0.02, P=0.03) and macular vessel densities (coefficient: 0.04, P=0.02) were significantly associated with faster rate of MD decline. Other factors significantly associated with faster progression in multivariate models were older age (coefficient: −0.02, P<0.05) and the presence of systemic hypertension (coefficient: −0.37, P=0.01) and diabetes (coefficient: −0.28, P=0.05).

Conclusions:
Lower superficial vessel density measured using OCTA was significantly associated with faster VF progression in PACG. In these eyes, OCTA parameters can serve as biomarker suggestive of past VF progression.
Cyclodiode Laser as the First Surgical Approach in Childhood Glaucoma Under the Age of 8 Years
Authors: Sakaorat Petchyim , Mohamed-Noriega Jibran , Sharara Ahmad , Daniel Moritz C. , Brookes John 
Published: December 2020

Précis:
Cyclodiode as a primary treatment for childhood glaucoma patients younger than 8 years has a 12-month success rate of 55.24%. It can delay the need for penetrating glaucoma surgery.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of cyclodiode laser in childhood glaucoma for patients under the age of 8 years.

Design:
This was a retrospective, consecutive, noncomparative case series

Participants:
All childhood glaucoma patients who underwent cyclodiode from March 2005 to January 2017 as a primary surgical treatment under the age of 8 years.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the medical records of consecutive patients who underwent cyclodiode by a single surgeon.

Main Outcome Measures:
Success for single-diode intervention was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) (>6 wk postoperative) ≤21 mm Hg with antiglaucoma medications and ≥20% IOP reduction, no further glaucoma surgery including cyclodiode, no loss of perception of light, and no major complications. Success for multiple-diode interventions was defined similar to the single diode, except that repeated cyclodiode is not considered a failure.

Results:
In all, 59 eyes of 43 patients were studied. The most common diagnosis was aphakic glaucoma. The mean age at cyclodiode treatment was 2.7 years (SD=2.2). Fifty-six percent of the patients were under 3 years. Success rates at 12 months after the procedure were 46.67% and 55.24% for single-diode and multiple-diode interventions, respectively. An IOP of >20 mm Hg 6 weeks after a cyclodiode session is a significant risk factor for failure with an hazard ratio of 2.41 (95% confidence interval: 1.00-5.81; P=0.05). Among the operated eyes, the surgeon could avoid further glaucoma surgery in 67.8% of the eyes during the first year after single or multiple cyclodiode sessions. None of the eyes experienced phthisis bulbi, hypotony, and severe uveitis.

Conclusions:
Cyclodiode laser in childhood glaucoma patients under the age of 8 years can be considered a safe alternative for glaucoma patients who can have a high risk of surgical complications. Performing cyclodiode laser can delay the need for penetrating glaucoma surgery. The IOP at 6 weeks may be a good predictor for the treatment outcome.
Review of the current information on erectile dysfunction in hypertensive males with 40 years of age or older
Authors: Teixeira Elisabete , Soares Paula 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is a prevalent disease, which origin frequently remains undetermined. Antihypertensive treatment (AHT) has been linked with erectile dysfunction (ED), mainly in middle-aged and older males. On the other side, some drugs used in AHT seem to be themselves associated with ED as a secondary effect. This led to the search of coadjuvant therapies for hypertensive patients with ED, considering that both illnesses cause high physical, psychological and economic burden. While the association between AHT and ED has been approached several times, the direct association between blood pressure and ED remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between HT, AHT and ED specifically in males with age ≥40 years.
Risk Factors of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Arapahoe County First Responders—The COVID-19 Arapahoe SErosurveillance Study (CASES) Project
Authors: Sabourin Katherine R. , Schultz Jonathan , Romero Joshua , Lamb Molly M. , Larremore Daniel , Morrison Thomas E. , Frazer-Abel Ashley , Zimmer Shanta , Kedl Ross M. , Jaenisch Thomas , Rochford Rosemary 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
Define the seroprevalence and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Arapahoe County, Colorado first responders (eg, law enforcement, human services, fire departments).

Methods:
Two hundred sixty four first responders were enrolled June to July 2020. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was defined as detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to both spike receptor binding domain and nucleocapsid in venous blood by validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We compared risk factors for being seropositive versus seronegative.

Results:
4% (11/264) were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Seropositive participants were significantly more likely to have lung disease (% seropositive, % seronegative; P-value) (36%, 8%; P = 0.01), prior SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 testing (36%, 8%; P ≤ 0.01), a prior positive result (18%, less than 1%), and to believe they previously had COVID-19 (64%, 15%; P < 0.01). Only 15% of those believing they had COVID-19 had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Conclusions:
Human services employees and individuals with lung disease are at SARS-CoV-2 exposure risk. Few individuals believed they had COVID-19 had prior exposure.
Leadership Style, Headache, and Neck Pain
Authors: Christensen Jan Olav , Nielsen Morten Birkeland , Sannes Ann Christin , Gjerstad Johannes 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Leadership styles can influence subordinates’ health. We investigated how the gene encoding the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme (ie, COMT rs4680 Val158Met) influenced effects of abusive supervision and transformational leadership on subordinates’ headache and neck pain.

Methods:
Multiple group structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test associations of leadership with subordinates’ pain 6 months after in a representative sample of the Norwegian working population (n = 996). Genotyping was performed by TaqMan technology.

Results:
Abusive supervision was associated with increased risk, and transformational leadership with decreased risk, of headache and neck pain. Both leadership styles exhibited more pronounced effects in individuals with the Met/Met genotype.

Conclusion:
Met/Met employees were relatively vulnerable to adversity, but also relatively responsive to constructive leadership. Many workers may benefit more from constructive leadership than population-averaged associations might suggest.