bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combinations of growth factors for human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Hefka Blahnova Veronika , Dankova Jana , Rampichova Michala , Filova Eva 
Published: July 2020

AimsHere we introduce a wide and complex study comparing effects of growth factors used alone and in combinations on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Certain ways of cell behaviour can be triggered by specific peptides – growth factors, influencing cell fate through surface cellular receptors.MethodsIn our study transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were used in order to induce osteogenesis and proliferation of hMSCs from bone marrow. These cells are naturally able to differentiate into various mesodermal cell lines. Effect of each factor itself is pretty well known. We designed experimental groups where two and more growth factors were combined. We supposed cumulative effect would appear when more growth factors with the same effect were combined. The cellular metabolism was evaluated using MTS assay and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) amount using PicoGreen assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, as early osteogenesis marker, was observed. Phase contrast microscopy was used for cell morphology evaluation.ResultsTGF-β and bFGF were shown to significantly enhance cell proliferation. VEGF and IGF-1 supported ALP activity. Light microscopy showed initial extracellular matrix mineralization after VEGF/IGF-1 supply.ConclusionA combination of more than two growth factors did not support the cellular metabolism level and ALP activity even though the growth factor itself had a positive effect. This is probably caused by interplay of various messengers shared by more growth factor signalling cascades. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(7):412–420.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of synovial fluid demonstrates high accuracy in prosthetic joint infection diagnostics
Authors: Huang Zida , Li Wenbo , Lee Gwo-Chin , Fang Xinyu , Xing Li , Yang Bin , Lin Jianhua , Zhang Wenming 
Published: July 2020

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting pathogens from synovial fluid of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) patients. Methods A group of 75 patients who underwent revision knee or hip arthroplasties were enrolled prospectively. Ten patients with primary arthroplasties were included as negative controls. Synovial fluid was collected for mNGS analysis. Optimal thresholds were determined to distinguish pathogens from background microbes. Synovial fluid, tissue, and sonicate fluid were obtained for culture. Results A total of 49 PJI and 21 noninfection patients were finally included. Of the 39 culture-positive PJI cases, mNGS results were positive in 37 patients (94.9%), and were consistent with culture results at the genus level in 32 patients (86.5%) and at the species level in 27 patients (73.0%). Metagenomic next-generation sequencing additionally identified 15 pathogens from five culture-positive and all ten culture-negative PJI cases, and even one pathogen from one noninfection patient, while yielding no positive findings in any primary arthroplasty. However, seven pathogens identified by culture were missed by mNGS. The sensitivity of mNGS for diagnosing PJI was 95.9%, which was significantly higher than that of comprehensive culture (79.6%; p = 0.014). The specificity is similar between mNGS and comprehensive culture (95.2% and 95.2%, respectively; p = 1.0). Conclusion Metagenomic next-generation sequencing can effectively identify pathogens from synovial fluid of PJI patients, and demonstrates high accuracy in diagnosing PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(7):440–449.
Ultra-low-loss nanofiber Fabry–Perot cavities optimized for cavity quantum electrodynamics
Authors: Ruddell S. K. , Webb K. E. , Takahata M. , Kato S. , Aoki T. 
Published: July 2020

We demonstrate the fabrication of ultra-low-loss, all-fiber Fabry–Perot cavities that contain a nanofiber section, optimized for cavity quantum electrodynamics. By continuously monitoring the finesse and fiber radius during the fabrication of a nanofiber between two fiber Bragg gratings, we were able to precisely evaluate taper transmission as a function of radius. The resulting cavities have an internal round-trip loss of only 0.31% at a nanofiber waist radius of 207 nm, with a total finesse of 1380, and a maximum expected internal cooperativity of

∼

1050

for a cesium atom on the nanofiber surface. Our ability to fabricate such high-finesse nanofiber cavities may open the door for the realization of high-fidelity scalable quantum networks.
Relação entre variáveis sociodemográficas e do percurso escolar e a adaptabilidade de carreira de estudantes do ensino secundário
Authors: Fernandes Elsa Maria , Carvalho Renato Gomes 
Published: July 2020

Neste estudo, analisámos a relação entre a adaptabilidade de carreira, expressa nas dimensões Preocupação, Controlo, Confiança e Curiosidade, e um conjunto de variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, zona de residência, educação parental) e do percurso escolar (média de classificações, retenções, participação em atividades extracurriculares). Testámos ainda a relação entre a participação prévia reportada em atividades de carreira e a realização de atividades ocupacionais, e a adaptabilidade de carreira. Participaram no estudo 201 estudantes do ensino secundário, com idades compreendidas os 16 e os 23 anos (M = 17.56, DP = 0.89). Os instrumentos foram um questionário sociodemográfico e escolar e a versão Portuguesa da Career Adapt-Abilities Scale. Os resultados não mostraram um efeito global das variáveis sociodemográficas na adaptabilidade de carreira, com a exceção de um efeito de pequena magnitude da área de residência (rural) no Controlo; e um efeito de pequena magnitude do sexo (feminino) na Preocupação. Verificou-se uma associação entre o desempenho escolar (moderado na média das classificações; fraco no caso das retenções) e a adaptabilidade de carreira. A participação prévia em atividades de educação e desenvolvimento de carreira, ou a realização de atividades ocupacionais, não se associaram à adaptabilidade de carreira com a presente amostra.
Adaptação e evidências de validade de Escalas de Identidade Profissional para estudantes
Authors: Rossi Gessica Aparecida Nunes , Oliveira Marina Cardoso de 
Published: July 2020

A identidade profissional é central para a compreensão da construção da carreira, em especial durante as transições para o trabalho. Cientes da importância desse constructo, o objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar para a língua portuguesa e apresentar evidências de validade de duas escalas direcionadas a estudantes em formação profissional: Escala de Clareza da Identidade Profissional (ECIP) e Escala de Identidade Profissional de Macleod Clark (EIP). O estudo dividiu-se em duas etapas: validade de conteúdo e validade da estrutura interna e convergente. Nesta última etapa participaram 424 universitários, de ambos os sexos, subdivididos em duas amostras independentes. Realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória, testes de correlação e de confiabilidade. Após as análises fatoriais, a ECIP manteve sua estrutura original, enquanto a EIP precisou ser ajustada com a redução de itens. Os testes de confiabilidade e das correlações sinalizaram boas evidências de fidedignidade e de validade convergente das medidas. Conclui-se que as versões adaptadas para a língua portuguesa das duas escalas de identidade profissional apresentam qualidades psicométricas satisfatórias e podem ser utilizadas em futuras pesquisas sobre o tema. Espera-se que os resultados contribuam com estudos transculturais sobre a identidade profissional de estudantes em formação.
Crecimiento del medio construido, turismo y problemáticas ambientales en la localidad de Santa Rosa de Calamuchita (Córdoba) entre los años 1990-2017
Authors: Ribert Natalia , Lucero Franco Gastón , Maldonado Graciela Inés 
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo se expone parte de los resultados obtenidos de un proyecto de investigación vinculado a una Beca de Ayudantía de Investigación otorgada por la Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica de la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo general estudiar y analizar las características de la ampliación del medio construido vinculado al turismo en la localidad de Santa Rosa de Calamuchita (Córdoba), y reconocer su articulación con la emergencia de problemáticas ambientales en el área, entre los años 1990 y 2017. Para ello, se trabajó con una metodología de tipo inductiva y esencialmente cualitativa y con algunas técnicas de carácter cuantitativo. En cuanto a los principales resultados alcanzados, se ha podido dar cuenta de una notable expansión del medio construido y de un significativo crecimiento poblacional producto de la actividad turística. Del análisis de las imágenes satelitales y de la cartografía obtenida, se ha observado que la expansión del medio construido ha avanzado, a través de diversas modalidades de loteo, hacia los distintos puntos cardinales del área de estudio y sobre zonas con cobertura de suelo vegetal y con distintos grados de pendiente. Las principales problemáticas ambientales reconocidas se relacionan específicamente con: el reemplazo de la cobertura vegetal, la introducción de especies exóticas, el avance de las construcciones hacia zonas con mayor pendiente y, por último, la multiplicación y falta de tratamiento de los residuos domésticos.
PSYCHOSOCIAL NANISM AS A RESULT OF ATTACHMENT DEFORMATION IN CHILDREN LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE
Authors: Butyakova Anastasiya Valerevna , Tasbulatova Zhaniya Serikpaevna 
Published: July 2020

Background. An important feature of psychosocial nanism is its openness to corrective influences. However, in residential care facilities, it is possible to provide only external conditions that guarantee physical security but do not form a feeling of social attachment. A way to solve the problem can be sending a child to a foster family. Aim. The article deals with considering the phenomenon of psychosocial nanism in the context of social attachment in children left without parental care (hereinafter, LWPC children) and brought up in different conditions (in foster families and residential care facilities). Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the following premises: Sandyktau Orphanage (village of Sandyktau, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan), Esil Orphanage (Esil, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan), foster families of the villages of Baitus and Kenashchi (North Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan). The sample consisted of the LWPC children of preschool age brought up in an orphanage (25 people) and in foster families (25 people). Results. In LWPC children from an orphanage, the type of attachment relationship in the final diagnosis has insignificant changes in comparison with the initial diagnosis. In LWPC children from a foster family, the type of attachment has a significant difference in comparison with the initial diagnosis. There are statistically significant differences in the growth rate of LWPC children brought up in foster families and in orphanages. Anthropometric development in children raised in a foster family is faster than in children raised in an orphanage. The type of attachment was determined using a story-completion task. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out by calculating using a story-completion task. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out by calculating the criteria for the significance of the ᵡ² differences and Mann-Whitney using the Statistica v. 15.0 software. Conclusion. Psychosocial nanism as a functional feature of the body manifested in reduced body length compared with peers and being the result of adverse conditions of the external and internal environment is leveled into normal physical developmentprovided that there is an object of attachment, who will act as a stabilizer of emotional, psychological and physical safety of a child.
COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION AS A FACTOR RESTRICTING THE APPLICATION OF ACCELERATED REHABILITATION PROGRAMS FOR ELDERLY AND SENIOR PATIENTS IN OPERATIVE GYNECOLOGY
Authors: Glazkova Olga Leonidovna , Shmeleva Svetlana Vasilievna , Moskalenko Roman Vladimirovich , Ignatchenko Olga Yurievna , Romanova Anzhela Valerievna , Dubrovinskaya Ekaterina Igorevna 
Published: July 2020

Aim: to identify risk groups for the formation of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after gynecological operations. Research base: City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin, Moscow, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education. The risk groups for the formation of cognitive dysfunction in elderly and senior patients after gynecological operations are determined. Hospitalization was carried out just before the operation, the postoperative hospital bed rest varied from 2 to 4 days. Where possible, the principles of FastTrack technology were applied in the perioperative period. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 elderly and senior female patients after menopause from the age of 50 to 85 years (75,2 ± 6,3 years), who underwent surgery under conditions of endotracheal anesthesia due to benign pathology (ovarian neoplasms, genital prolapse). The principles of FastTrack – an accelerated path in surgery were applied. Before the operation and on the 2nd day after the operation, testing was performed on the MMSE (Mini-mental State Examination) scale, as well as on the questionnaire to identify Spielberger-Hanin personal and reactive anxiety. Results. It has been proven that the frequency of postoperative cognitive dysfunction increases in proportion to the age of the patients and often depends on the type of anesthetic benefit and the severity of the operation. In the group of women aged from 50 to 60, no initial cognitive impairment was found, 18 % of patients after 60 years of age have cognitive impairment, and 5 % have mild dementia. The older the patient, the more cases of postoperative cognitive impairment develops/worsens, and high levels of anxiety remain. Early discharge in such cases can cause problems. Conclusion. In risk groups, especially in patients older than 70 years with signs of widespread atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular accidents, and a history of brain injuries, it is necessary to accurately identify signs of cognitive impairment and promptly involve a neurologist and clinical psychologist to correct them, which will significantly improve the postoperative period and reduce the anxiety level
Inhibition of lncRNA LINC00461/miR-216a/aquaporin 4 pathway suppresses cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance in glioma
Authors: Peng Yanguo , Wu Wangchun , Shang Zhanfang , Li Wei , Chen Shuiyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00461 (LINC00461) is reported to be related to glioma progression. However, the mechanism of LINC00461 in glioma remains unclear. Expression of LINC00461, miRNA (miR)-216a, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) was detected using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Proliferation, temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, migration, and invasion were assessed by MTT, colony formation, and transwell assays, respectively. The target binding among miR-216a, LINC00461, and AQP4 was confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. The tumor growth was monitored in the xenograft experiment. LINC00461 was upregulated, and miR-216a was downregulated in glioma tissues and cells, and LINC00461 upregulation was correlated with large tumor size, higher WHO grade and recurrence, and poor overall survival. LINC00461 knockdown suppressed cell viability, abilities of cell cloning and migration and invasion, and TMZ resistance in glioma. Mechanically, LINC00461 was confirmed to sponge miR-216a to affect AQP4 expression. Rescue assays verified that miR-216a downregulation or AQP4 upregulation abrogated the inhibitory effect of LINC00461 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and TMZ resistance in vitro. Moreover, LINC00461 downregulation blocked the glioma tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, LINC00461 knockdown inhibits glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and TMZ resistance through miR-216a/AQP4 axis, suggesting LINC00461 as an oncogene in glioma progression.
Investigation of the material resistance and moisture performance of pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens)
Authors: Humar Miha , Balzano Angela , Grbec Samo , Gričar Jožica , Kržišnik Davor , Lesar Boštjan , Vek Viljem 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Forests are under great pressure due to climate changes. It is forecast that the importance of Mediterranean type forests will significantly increase. Among various types of oak species, pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens) will likely gain ecological and economic importance in the region south of Alps. Although this wood species is well known, there are not much data available about chemical properties and durability. A comprehensive analysis of extractives and durability against wood decay fungi was therefore performed. The results of the chemical analysis revealed that heartwood contains up to 20% of the extractives, with considerable amounts of phenols, including a fairly high concentration of Gallic acid (GAc). Anatomical structure, with high frequency of tylosis, resulted in good water exclusion efficacy. The presence of biologically active extractives and superior water exclusion efficacy resulted in good durability, as shown by basidiomycetes tests. Based on the laboratory data, factors that determine the service life of wood were calculated. Data indicate superior performance in above-ground applications.
Microwave oscillator and frequency comb in a silicon optomechanical cavity with a full phononic bandgap
Authors: Mercadé Laura , Martín Leopoldo L. , Griol Amadeu , Navarro-Urrios Daniel , Martínez Alejandro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cavity optomechanics has recently emerged as a new paradigm enabling the manipulation of mechanical motion via optical fields tightly confined in deformable cavities. When driving an optomechanical (OM) crystal cavity with a laser blue-detuned with respect to the optical resonance, the mechanical motion is amplified, ultimately resulting in phonon lasing at MHz and even GHz frequencies. In this work, we show that a silicon OM crystal cavity performs as an OM microwave oscillator when pumped above the threshold for self-sustained OM oscillations. To this end, we use an OM cavity designed to have a breathing-like mechanical mode at 3.897 GHz in a full phononic bandgap. Our measurements show that the first harmonic of the detected signal displays a phase noise of ≈−100 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz. Stronger blue-detuned driving leads eventually to the formation of an OM frequency comb, whose lines are spaced by the mechanical frequency. We also measure the phase noise for higher-order harmonics and show that, unlike in Brillouin oscillators, the noise is increased as corresponding to classical harmonic mixing. Finally, we present real-time measurements of the comb waveform and show that it can be fitted to a theoretical model recently presented. Our results suggest that silicon OM cavities could be relevant processing elements in microwave photonics and optical RF processing, in particular in disciplines requiring low weight, compactness and fiber interconnection.
Edge effect of multi-degree-of-freedom oscillatory actuator driven by vector control
Authors: Kato Masayuki , Hirata Katsuhiro , Mototsuji Tomoaki , Heya Akira 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article proposes a thrust equation model of two-degree-of-freedom oscillatory actuator considering its edge effect. The proposed thrust equation model clarifies that asymmetric permanent magnet flux linkage and inductance characteristics cause undesirable magnetic thrust and reluctance thrust, respectively.
Pannexin 1 Regulates Dendritic Protrusion Dynamics in Immature Cortical Neurons
Authors: Sanchez-Arias Juan C. , Candlish Rebecca C. , van der Slagt Emma , Swayne Leigh Anne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe integration of neurons into networks relies on the formation of dendritic spines. These specialized structures arise from dynamic filopodia-like dendritic protrusions. It was recently reported that cortical neurons lacking the channel protein pannexin 1 (PANX1) exhibited higher dendritic spine densities. Here, we expanded on those findings to investigate, at an earlier developmental time point (with more abundant dendritic protrusions), whether differences in the properties of dendritic protrusion dynamics could contribute to this previously discovered phenomenon. Using a fluorescent membrane tag (mCherry-CD9-10) to visualize dendritic protrusions in developing neurons [at 10 d in vitro(DIV10)], we confirmed that lack of PANX1 led to higher protrusion density, while transient transfection ofPanx1led to decreased protrusion density. To quantify the impact of PANX1 expression on protrusion formation, elimination, and motility, we used live cell imaging in DIV10 neurons (one frame every 5 s for 10 min). We discovered that at DIV10, loss of PANX1 stabilized protrusions. Notably, re-expression of PANX1 inPanx1knock-out (KO) neurons resulted in a significant increase in protrusion motility and turnover. In summary, these new data revealed that PANX1 could regulate the development of dendritic spines, in part, by controlling dendritic protrusion dynamics.
Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation and the Confounds of Intracellular Electrophysiological Investigation
Authors: Collins Morgan N. , Mesce Karen A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFocused ultrasound (US) can modulate neuronal activity noninvasively with high spatial specificity. In intact nervous systems, however, efforts to determine its enigmatic mode of efficacy have been confounded by the indirect effects of US on mechanosensitive sensory cells and the inability to target equivalent populations of cells with precision across preparations. Single-cell approaches, either via cultured mammalian neurons or tractable invertebrate neural systems, hold great promise for elucidating the cellular mechanisms underlying the actions of US. Here, we present evidence from the medicinal leech,Hirudo verbana, that researchers should apply caution when using US in conjunction with single-cell electrophysiological recording techniques, including sharp-electrode intracellular recording. Although we found that US could elicit depolarization of the resting membrane potential of single neurons, a finding with precedent, we determined that this effect and others could be reliably mimicked via subtle manual displacement of the recording electrode. Because focused US is known to induce resonance of recording electrodes, we aimed to determine how similarly US-induced depolarizations matched those produced by micro movements of a sharp glass electrode, a phenomenon we believe can account for purported depolarizations measured in this manner. Furthermore, we show that when clonally related homologous neurons, which are essentially isopotential, are impaled before the application of focused US, they show a statistically significant change in their membrane potential as compared with the homologous cells that received US with no initial impalement. Future investigations into US’s cellular effects should attempt to control for potential electrode resonance or use alternative recording strategies.