bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommendations from the ERAS® Society for standards for the development of enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines
Authors: Brindle M. , Nelson G. , Lobo D. N. , Ljungqvist O. , Gustafsson U. O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
ERAS® Society guidelines are holistic, multidisciplinary tools designed to improve outcomes after surgery. The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) approach was initially developed for colorectal surgery and has been implemented successfully across a large number of settings, resulting in improved patient outcomes. As the ERAS approach is increasingly being adopted worldwide and new guidelines are being generated for new populations, there is a need to define an ERAS® Society guideline and the methodology that should be followed in its development.

Methods
The ERAS® Society recommended approach for developing new guidelines is based on the creation of multidisciplinary guideline development groups responsible for defining topics, planning the literature search, and assessing the quality of the evidence.

Results
Clear definitions for the elements of an ERAS guideline involve multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches impacting on multiple patient outcomes. Recommended methodology for guideline development follows a rigorous approach with systematic identification and evaluation of evidence, and consensus-based development of recommendations. Guidelines should then be evaluated and reviewed regularly to ensure that the best and most up-to-date evidence is used consistently to support surgical patients.

Conclusion
There is a need for a standardized, evidence-informed approach to both the development of new ERAS® Society guidelines, and the adaptation and revision of existing guidelines.
Robot‐assisted versus laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for anatomically complex T1b renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score ≥7: A propensity score‐based analysis
Authors: Deng Wen , Li Junhua , Liu Xiaoqiang , Chen Luyao , Liu Weipeng , Zhou Xiaochen , Zhu Jingyu , Fu Bin , Wang Gongxian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo present the perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) compared with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for anatomically complex T1b renal tumors with RENAL nephrometry scores ≥7.Patients and methodsOne hundred and seventy patients, during the study period, were retrospectively reviewed in our analysis according to inclusion criteria. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1) method was applied to impose restrictions on the potential baseline confounders. The comparisons of perioperative and functional outcomes between the RPN and LPN groups were conducted and analyzed after PSM, Kaplan‐Meier analyses were performed to assess the differences about oncological outcomes between the two groups before and after PSM.ResultsOne hundred and nine and 61 T1b renal tumors with RENAL scores ≥7 were identified in the LPN and RPN groups, respectively. All significant differences in baseline characteristics disappeared after PSM. Except for 3 patients missing an appropriate pair, all the patients in the RPN group were successfully matched to 58 patients in the LPN group in a 1:1 ratio. Within the matched cohort, the RPN group was related to a significantly shorter mean operating time (OT) (P = .040), shorter mean warm ischemia time (WIT) (P = .023), and shorter median postoperative hospital stay (P = .023). The possibilities of surgical conversion, postoperative complication, and positive surgical margin were similar in the LPN and RPN groups. And there was also no significant difference in the pathological, renal functional, and oncological outcomes between the two series.ConclusionsFor patients with anatomically complex T1b renal tumors with a RENAL nephrometry score ≥7, RPN had an advantage over LPN in reducing OT, WIT, and postoperative hospital stay length without increasing the risk of complications and weakening the oncological control, while the two surgical methods were similar in renal functional preservation.
Stent underexpansion due to heavy coronary calcification resistant to rotational atherectomy: A case for coronary lithoplasty?
Authors: Tovar Forero Maria Natalia , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Daemen Joost 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStent underexpansion is frequently observed in calcified coronary lesions and increases the risk of future adverse cardiac events. Current plaquemodification techniques might not be suitable when calcium deposition is circumferential and deep inside the vessel wall. We report a case during which coronary lithoplasty was used as an adjuvant therapy to improve severe stent underexpansion after failed atherectomy and high‐pressure non‐compliant balloon dilatations.
Recent Advances in Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution from Water using Polymer Photocatalysts
Authors: Jayakumar Jayachandran , Chou Ho‐Hsiu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEfficient polymer photocatalysts that mimic natural photosynthesis to generate H2 through the visible‐light‐promoted splitting of water are ideal systems for the conversion of solar energy into usable fuel with high energy density and in an environmentally friendly manner. In this article, we review recent reports on donor‐acceptor‐based π‐conjugated polymers as photocatalysts, including conjugated linear polymers, microporous polymers, triazine frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, polymer dots, and other related organic polymers, which show superior photocatalytic activity and robust stability under visible‐light irradiation, for hydrogen production. Moreover, their syntheses and material design strategies, photophysical properties, proposed mechanisms, and applications are systematically summarized. Finally, recent research on and challenges related to organic polymer photocatalysts are discussed. This minireview will help readers to more easily understand the recent advances in and future direction of this field.
Oxygen Evolution on Metal‐oxy‐hydroxides: Beneficial Role of Mixing Fe, Co, Ni Explained via Bifunctional Edge/acceptor Route
Authors: Vandichel Matthias , Busch Michael , Laasonen Kari 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) via mixed metal oxy hydroxides [M(O)(OH)] may take place on a large variety of possible active sites on the actual catalyst. A single site computational description assumes a 4‐step electrochemical mechanism with coupled H+/e− transfers between 4 intermediates (M‐*, M‐OH, M=O, M‐OOH). We also consider bifunctional routes, in which an unstable M‐OOH species converts via a proton shuttling pathway to a thermodynamically more favourable bare M‐* site, O2 and a hydrogenated acceptor site; the acceptor site takes up the proton forming a hydrogenated acceptor site after recombination with an electron from the catalyst material. Here, we combine pure metal γ‐M(O)(OH) edge sites (M=Fe, Co, Ni) with as proton‐acceptor sites different threefold coordinated oxygens on β‐(M,M’)(O)(OH) terraces (M,M’=Fe, Co, Ni). The acceptor sites on these terraces have of a M’2MO motif. Our combinatorial study results in a ranking of the bifunctional OER activity on a 3D‐volcano plot. By studying various bi‐ and tri‐metallic oxy hydroxide combinations, we show that their excellent experimental OER activity results from bifunctionality and provide a roadmap to construct innovative low overpotential OER catalysts.
Manipulating the Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence of Small Molecular Crystals
Authors: Jia Wenyong , Wang Qian , Shi Huifang , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUltralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) of metal‐free organic materials has received considerable attention recently owing to their long‐lived emission lifetimes, and the fact that they present an attractive alternative to persistent luminescence in inorganic phosphors. Enormous research effort has been devoted on improving UOP performance in metal‐free organic phosphors by promoting the intersystem crossing (ISC) process and suppressing the non‐radiative decay of triplet state excitons. This minireview summarizes the recent advances in the rational approaches for manipulating the UOP properties of small molecular crystals, such as phosphorescence lifetime, efficiency, and emission colors. Finally, the present challenges and future development of this field are proposed. This review will provide a guideline to rationally design more advanced metal‐free organic phosphorescence materials for potential applications.
Optical Control of Cytokine Production Using Photoswitchable Galactosylceramides
Authors: Hartrampf Nina , Seki Toshiyuki , Baumann Andreas , Watson Philip , Vepřek Nynke A. , Hetzler Belinda E. , Hoffmann‐Röder Anja , Tsuji Moriya , Trauner Dirk 
Published: December 2019

Abstractα‐Galactosylceramides are glycosphingolipids that show promise in cancer immunotherapy. After presentation by CD1d, they activate natural killer T cells (NKT), which results in the production of a variety of pro‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of photochromic derivatives of KRN‐7000, the activity of which can be modulated with light. Based on established structure–activity relationships, we designed photoswitchable analogues of this glycolipid that control the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN‐γ. The azobenzene derivative α‐GalACer‐4 proved to be more potent than KRN‐7000 itself when activated with 370 nm light. Photolipids of this type could improve our mechanistic understanding of cytokine production and could open new directions in photoimmunotherapy.
A Chiral Macrocyclic Tetra‐N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Yields an “All Carbene” Iron Alkylidene Complex
Authors: DeJesus Joseph F. , Jenkins David M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe first chiral macrocyclic tetra‐N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand has been synthesized. The macrocycle, prepared in high yield and large scale, was ligated onto palladium and iron to give divalent C2‐symmetric square planar complexes. Multinuclear NMR and single crystal X‐ray diffraction demonstrated that there are two distinct NHCs on each ligand, due to the bridging chiral cyclohexane. Oxidation of the iron(II) complex with trimethylamine N‐oxide yielded a bridging oxo complex. Diazodiphenylmethane reacted with the iron(II) complex at room temperature to give a paramagnetic diazoalkane complex; the same reaction yielded the “all carbene” complex at elevated temperature. Electrochemical measurements support the assignment of the “all carbene” complex being an alkylidene. Notably, the diazoalkane complex can be directly transformed into the alkylidene complex, which had not been previously demonstrated on iron. Finally, a test catalytic reaction with a diazoalkane on the iron(II) complex does not yield the expected cyclopropane, but actually the azine compound.
Experimental investigation on flue gas purification and gas‐liquid multiphase flow in a spraying column with perforated plate
Authors: Chen Zhen , Jiang Zhiqiang , You Changfu , Wang Haiming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe synergetic removal of sulphur dioxide and particulate matters (PM) in flue gas was investigated in a spraying column equipped with flow pattern controlling (FPC) internals. The performance of the novel column was compared with that of the traditional open column by monitoring the removal efficiency and system pressure drop. To understand the gas‐liquid multiphase flow field and mass transfer process inside the column with different structures, image processing based on the Otsu method and particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology were used. It was found that the FPC column with a section size of 200 mm × 200 mm, hole diameter of 4 mm, and aperture ratio of 0.65 demonstrated the best performance. As clearly observed from the flow filed, bubble flow was formed in FPC column, while the dispersive and falling‐film flow was developed in the open column. The liquid holdup in FPC unit was much more than in the open spraying column, which enhanced the mass transfer process. According to the PIV results, the reverse flow of the liquid, caused by the gas jet ascribed to the perforated plate and the confined space in the FPC unit, was the primary reason for bubble generation and the gas‐liquid flow pattern in the column.
Study on wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposit in pipes
Authors: Gao Xuedong , Huang Qiyu , Zhang Xun , Li Weidong , Ren Yijie , Wang Junfang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWax deposit properties are a significant concern in pipeline pigging during waxy crude oil transportation. In the present work, the impacts of flow conditions and oil properties on the wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposits are investigated. A flow loop apparatus was developed to conduct wax deposition experiments using four crude oils collected from different field pipes. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was employed to observe the wax precipitation characteristics of crude oil and wax deposit. The results show that the wax content and the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of the deposits increase with shear stress and radial temperature gradient, and decrease with radial wax molecule concentration gradient near the pipe wall. The DSC tests on the wax deposits revealed that the deposit wax content is strongly correlated to the oil wax content. Furthermore, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the wax content and the WAT of the wax deposit. Verification of the empirical correlation using the different oils indicated that the average relative error of the wax content prediction and average absolute error of WAT prediction were 13.2% and 3.6°C, respectively.
Li4Ti5O12−TiO2 Composite Coated on Carbon Foam as Anode Material for Lithium Ion Capacitors: Evaluation of Rate Performance and Self‐Discharge
Authors: Zhou Huanhuan , Ma Qun , Yang Wei , Lu Xianmao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLi4Ti5O12‐TiO2 (LTO‐TO) composite is coated on carbon foam (CF) for anode of lithium ion capacitors (LICs). The resulting CF@LTO‐TO electrodes with varied mass loadings of LTO‐TO exhibit much improved rate performance compared to pristine LTO electrode. Specifically, asymmetric LICs based on activated carbon cathode and CF@LTO‐TO anode (AC//CF@LTO‐TO) with 25 wt% of LTO‐TO delivers a specific capacity of 65 mAh g−1 at 300 C. In addition, the self‐discharge rates of the LICs are evaluated. It is found that AC//CF@LTO‐TO LIC with 45 wt% of LTO‐TO shows much reduced self‐discharge rate (open circuit voltage drops from 2.5 to 1.1 V in 144 hours) relative to AC//CF@LTO‐TO with different LTO‐TO mass loadings. The results of this study suggest that the introduction of TO in LTO anode can affect both the rate performance and the self‐discharge behavior, which may be due to the fast faradaic reaction kinetic of TO and the rich LTO‐TO grain boundary interfaces.
Secure and privacy‐preserving keyword search retrieval over hashed encrypted cloud data
Authors: N Sathyabalaji , G Komarasamy , S Daniel Madan Raja 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCloud computing (CC) is the universal area in which the data owners will contract out their pertinent data to the untrusted public cloud that permits the data users to retrieve the data with complete integrity. To give data privacy along with integrity, majority of the research works were concentrated on single data owner for secure searching of encrypted data via the cloud. Also, searchable encryption supports data user to retrieve the particular encrypted document from encrypted cloud data via keyword search (KS). However, these researches are not efficient for keyword search retrieval. To trounce such drawbacks, this paper proposes efficient secure and privacy‐preserving keyword search retrieval (SPKSR) system, in which the user retrieves the hashed encrypted documents over hashed encrypted cloud data. The proposed system includes three entities explicitly, (a) data owner (DO), (b) cloud server (CS), and (c) data users (DU). The owner outsources hashed encrypted documents set, along with generated searchable index tree to the CS. The CS hoards the hashed encrypted document collection and index tree structure. DU performs the “search” over the hashed encrypted data. Experimental results of the proposed system are analyzed and contrasted with the other existent system to show the dominance of the proposed system.
Murine CD8 T‐cell functional avidity is stable in vivo but not in vitro: Independence from homologous prime/boost time interval and antigen density
Authors: Gilfillan Connie B. , Wang Chensu , Mohsen Mona O. , Rufer Nathalie , Hebeisen Michael , Allard Mathilde , Verdeil Grégory , Irvine Darrell J. , Bachmann Martin F. , Speiser Daniel E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is known that for achieving high affinity antibody responses, vaccines must be optimized for antigen dose/density, and the prime/boost interval should be at least 4 weeks. Similar knowledge is lacking for generating high avidity T‐cell responses. The functional avidity (FA) of T cells, describing responsiveness to peptide, is associated with the quality of effector function and the protective capacity in vivo. Despite its importance, the FA is rarely determined in T‐cell vaccination studies. We addressed the question whether different time intervals for short‐term homologous vaccinations impact the FA of CD8 T‐cell responses. Four‐week instead of 2‐week intervals between priming and boosting with potent subunit vaccines in C57BL/6 mice did not improve FA. Equally, similar FA was observed after vaccination with virus‐like particles displaying low versus high antigen densities. Interestingly, FA was stable in vivo but not in vitro, depending on the antigen dose and the time interval since T‐cell activation, as observed in murine monoclonal T cells. Our findings suggest dynamic in vivo modulation for equal FA. We conclude that low antigen density vaccines or a minimal 4‐week prime/boost interval are not crucial for the T‐cell's FA, in contrast to antibody responses.
Differences in antinociceptive signalling mechanisms following morphine and fentanyl microinjections into the rat periaqueductal gray
Authors: Morgan Michael M. , Tran Alexander , Wescom Rebecca L. , Bobeck Erin N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundMorphine and fentanyl are two of the most commonly used opioids to treat pain. Although both opioids produce antinociception by binding to mu‐opioid receptors (MOR), they appear to act via distinct signalling pathways.ObjectiveThis study will reveal whether differences in morphine and fentanyl antinociception are the result of selective activation of G‐protein signalling and/or selective activation of pre‐ or postsynaptic MORs.MethodsThe contribution of each mechanism to morphine and fentanyl antinociception was assessed by microinjecting drugs to alter G‐protein signalling or block potassium channels linked to pre‐ and postsynaptic MORs in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (PAG) of male Sprague‐Dawley rats.ResultsBoth morphine and fentanyl produced a dose‐dependent antinociception when microinjected into the PAG. Enhancement of intracellular G‐protein signalling by microinjection of the Regulator of G‐protein Signalling 4 antagonist CCG‐63802 into the PAG enhanced the antinociceptive potency of morphine, but not fentanyl. Microinjection of α‐dendrotoxin into the PAG to block MOR activation of presynaptic Kv+ channels caused a significant rightward shift in the dose–response curve of both morphine and fentanyl. Microinjection of tertiapin‐Q to block MOR activation of postsynaptic GIRK channels caused a larger shift in the dose–response curve for fentanyl than morphine antinociception.ConclusionsThese findings reveal different PAG signalling mechanisms for morphine and fentanyl antinociception. In contrast with fentanyl, the antinociceptive effects of morphine are mediated by G‐protein signalling primarily activated by presynaptic MORs.SignificanceMicroinjection of the opioids morphine and fentanyl into the periaqueductal gray (PAG) produce antinociception via mu‐opioid receptor signalling. This study reveals differences in the signalling mechanisms underlying morphine and fentanyl antinociception in the PAG. In contrast with fentanyl, morphine antinociception is primarily mediated by presynaptic opioid receptors and is enhanced by blocking RGS proteins.
The impact of national integration policies on prejudice and psychological well‐being: The fundamental role of the clarity and coherence of integration policies
Authors: de la Sablonnière Roxane , Nugier Armelle , Kadhim Nada , Kleinlogel Emmanuelle P. , Pelletier‐Dumas Mathieu , Guimond Serge 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent advances in social psychological research have shown that national integration policies influence how immigrants are perceived and treated by the mainstream population. However, the processes by which these policies come to have an impact on prejudice and well‐being of the general population are largely unknown. Moreover, past research has often relied on unrepresentative samples limiting generalizability. The present research proposes that when the national integration policies of a given society are perceived as clearly defined and coherent, they have a direct impact on the perceived cultural norm related to those national integration policies. In turn, the perceived cultural norm affects personal attitudes toward cultural norms (i.e., the degree to which individuals support a given policy), which influence the level of anti‐immigrant prejudice as well as psychological well‐being. Findings from two correlational studies with representative samples of the mainstream population conducted in France on the policy of secularism (N = 940) and in Québec on the policy of interculturalism (N = 912) supported the proposed theoretical model.
Fog‐cloud distributed intrusion detection and cooperation
Authors: Ghribi Saadia , Makhlouf Amel Meddeb , Zarai Faouzi , Guizani Mohsen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCloud computing is becoming a promoted technology. Over the recent years, it has rapidly grown and its adoption is more and more increasing. Many enterprizes and organizations have immigrated their data to the cloud. However, the security of this technology is considered a serious barrier to guarantee the organizations' trust on it. Therefore, intrusion detection has been set as the best solution to secure the cloud platform. Thus, many research studies have been developed for the aim to create an effective and performing intrusion detection system suitable for the cloud environment. In this paper, we propose a new approach for cloud environment–based multilevel cooperation in terms of intrusion detection. It is based on the cooperation and the correlation between fog nodes at the beginning and then between fog and cloud technology. We also evaluate the performance and the efficiency of this proposed prototype in terms of detection rates and detection response to make real‐time detection in the whole cloud platform. The results show that the proposed architecture introduces low false positive rate compared to the existing hybrid intrusion detection approach in cloud computing (HIDCC) framework.