bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An integrative review of the factors influencing older nurses’ timing of retirement
Authors: Markowski Marianne , Cleaver Karen , Weldon Sharon Marie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsTo summarize the international empirical literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of older nurses’ decision‐making surrounding the timing of their retirement.BackgroundThe global nursing shortage is increasing. Among some countries it has become an economic imperative to consider raising the state pension age and to extend working lives.DesignAn integrative literature review using an integrated design.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL and Business Source Premier databases were searched for studies between January 2007 – October 2019.Review MethodsQuality appraisal of the studies was conducted. Findings were summarized, grouped into categories and themes extracted. Two models were developed for data representation.ResultsA total of 132 studies were identified by the search strategy. Of these, 27 articles were included for appraisal and synthesis. Sixteen papers were quantitative, seven qualitative, and four mixed methods. The research took place in 13 different geographical locations. Most studies were of a questionnaire design, followed by interviews and focus groups. The total participant sample was 35,460. Through a synthesis of the studies, four themes were identified: Health, Well‐being, and Family factors; Employer factors; Professional factors; and Financial factors.ConclusionThis review not only revealed the heterogeneity of studies on this subject and confirmed previous findings but also established a ranking of criteria that influences nurses’ decision‐making: age, followed by personal and organizational factors. Four extracted themes of push and pull factors map onto these factors. No ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ strategy exists to ensure the extension of older nurses’ working lives. Organizations need to foster an environment where older nurses feel respected and heard and where personal and professional needs are addressed.ImpactOrganizations need to implement HR policies addressing nurses’ personal well‐being and retirement preparation. Older nurses are more likely to extend their working lives if they feel committed to their organization and when professional standards are maintained.
Selection on fruit traits is mediated by the interplay between frugivorous birds, fruit flies, parasitoid wasps and seed‐dispersing ants
Authors: Palacio Facundo X. , Siepielski Adam M. , Lacoretz Mariela V. , Ordano Mariano 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEvery organism on Earth must cope with a multitude of species interactions both directly and indirectly throughout its life cycle. However, how selection from multiple species occupying different trophic levels affects diffuse mutualisms has received little attention. As a result, how a given species amalgamates the combined effects of selection from multiple mutualists and antagonists to enhance its own fitness remains little understood. We investigated how multispecies interactions (frugivorous birds, ants, fruit flies and parasitoid wasps) generate selection on fruit traits in a seed dispersal mutualism. We used structural equation models to assess whether seed dispersers (frugivorous birds and ants) exerted phenotypic selection on fruit and seed traits in the spiny hackberry (Celtis ehrenbergiana), a fleshy‐fruited tree, and how these selection regimes were influenced by fruit fly infestation and wasp parasitoidism levels. Birds exerted negative correlational selection on the combination of fruit crop size and mean seed weight, favouring either large crops with small seeds or small crops with large seeds. Parasitoids selected plants with higher fruit fly infestation levels, and fruit flies exerted positive directional selection on fruit size, which was positively correlated with seed weight. Therefore, higher parasitoidism indirectly correlated with higher plant fitness through increased bird fruit removal. In addition, ants exerted negative directional selection on mean seed weight. Our results show that strong selection on phenotypic traits may still arise in perceived diffuse species interactions. Overall, we emphasize the need to consider diverse direct and indirect partners to achieve a better understanding of the mechanisms driving phenotypic trait evolution in multispecies interactions.
Susceptibility of Oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and pupae to native entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Patil Jagadeesh , Vijayakumar Rangasamy , Linga Vaddar , Sivakumar Gopalsamy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of cereal crops, and its outbreaks result in complete crop loss. In this study, we tested the pathogenicity and reproductive potential of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar, & David NBAIIH38, Steinernema abbasi Elawad NBAIISa01, S. carpocapsae Weiser NBAIISc05 and S. siamkayai Stock, Somsook and Reid NBAIRS92 against larval and pupal stages of M. separata under laboratory conditions. Steinernema carpocapsae caused significantly greater mortality in second‐ and fourth‐instar larval stages than other EPNs species. Steinernema carpocapsae caused greatest mortality 100% in larval stages and 75% in pupal stages. Significant differences were observed in the lethal concentration values (LC50 and LC90) of EPNs species against different stages of M. separata. Differences in penetration and multiplication in the fourth‐instar larval stages of M. separata were observed amongst the EPNs species. However, further studies are needed to reveal the field performance of EPN isolates tested to be included in the IPM programme of M. separata.
Pharmacological characterization of the cardiovascular effect of Nibethione: ex vivo, in vivo and in silico studies
Authors: Sánchez-Recillas Amanda , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Hidalgo-Figueroa Sergio , Bonilla-Hernández Marcos , Ortiz-Andrade Rolffy , Ibarra-Barajas Maximiliano , Yáñez-Pérez Víctor , Sánchez-Salgado Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
This work describes the vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects and the mechanism of action on vascular smooth muscle cells of Nibethione, a synthetic thiazolidinedione derivative. Additionally, evidence of its cytotoxicity is assessed.

Methods
Nibethione (NB) was synthesized, and its vasorelaxant effect and mechanism of action were assessed through ex vivo experiments. Molecular docking studies were used to predict the mode of interaction with L-type Ca2+ channel, and in vivo antihypertensive activity was assayed on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The cytotoxicity potential was evaluated in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) from primary explants.

Key findings
Nibethione vasorelaxant effect was efficient on KCl (80 mm) and NE-contraction. This effect was deleteriously modified in the presence of potassium channel block drugs, while the maximal contraction induced with NE was significantly decreased by NB; the CaCl2-induced contraction was abolished entirely. In vivo experiments showed that NB decreased diastolic blood pressure in 20.3 % after its administration on SHR. The molecular docking showed that NB blocks L-type Ca2+ channel, and in vitro tests showed that NB did not produce cytotoxic activity on PAECs (IC50 &gt;1000 µm).

Conclusions
Nibethione showed in vivo antihypertensive and ex vivo vasorelaxant effects with implication of voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channel blocking, and this may contribute to the research of novel antihypertensive drugs.
Biogeography and ecological niche evolution in Diapensiaceae inferred from phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Gaynor Michelle L. , Fu Chao‐Nan , Gao Lian‐Ming , Lu Li‐Min , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDiapensiaceae (Ericales) are a small family of about 15 species. Within this clade, two species are broadly distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, whereas the remaining species have a disjunct distribution between eastern North America and eastern Asia. To address patterns and processes of diversification in Diapensiaceae, we conducted biogeographic analyses and inferred shifts in the ecological niche across the phylogeny of the clade. Although Diapensiaceae have been the focus of multiple phylogenetic and biogeographic studies, previous studies have been taxonomically limited. This study has greatly improved the phylogenetic underpinning for Diapensiaceae with the most inclusive taxonomic sampling thus far, employing both nuclear and plastid gene sequence data for at least one sample per species in the family. Our estimates indicate that genera of Diapensiaceae variously diverged in the Eocene, Oligocene, and early to mid‐Miocene. The biogeographic analysis suggests that the probable ancestor of the Diapensiaceae crown clade originated in the Nearctic, with vicariance events contributing to the current distribution of the disjunct taxa. Ecological niche, when considered in a phylogenetic context, was observed to be clustered on the basis of biogeographic realm. In general, a greater ecological overlap was found at younger nodes and a greater niche divergence was found among distantly related species. Diversification in Diapensiaceae appears to have been shaped by both large‐scale biogeographic factors, such as vicariance, and divergence in an ecological niche among closely related species.
Determinants of stigma among patients with hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Saine M. Elle , Szymczak Julia E. , Moore Tyler M. , Bamford Laura P. , Barg Frances K. , Schnittker Jason , Holmes John H. , Mitra Nandita , Lo Re Vincent 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStigma around hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important and understudied barrier to HCV treatment and elimination. The determinants of HCV‐related stigma, including the impacts of stage of HCV treatment (ie spontaneously cleared; diagnosed, untreated; previously treated, not cured; currently being treated; and treated, cured) and coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), remain unknown. To address these gaps, we conducted a cross‐sectional study among patients with a history of HCV infection (n = 270) at outpatient clinics in Philadelphia from July 2018 to May 2019. We evaluated stigma using the validated HCV Stigma Scale, adapted from the Berger HIV Stigma Scale. Associations among HCV‐related stigma and hypothesized demographic, behavioural, and clinical risk factors were evaluated by multivariable linear regression. Most participants (95.5%) experienced HCV‐related stigma. Mean stigma scores did not differ significantly between HCV‐monoinfected and HIV/HCV‐coinfected participants (P = .574). However, we observed significant interactions between HIV status and multiple determinants; therefore, we stratified analyses by HIV status. Among HIV/HCV‐coinfected participants, previous HCV treatment without cure, female gender, Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity and some college education were significantly associated with higher HCV‐stigma scores. An annual income of $10 000‐$40 000 was associated with significantly lower stigma scores. No significant associations were observed among HCV‐monoinfected participants. We found that most participants experienced stigma associated with HCV diagnosis. While stigma scores were similar between HCV‐monoinfected and HIV/HCV‐coinfected participants, the determinants associated with HCV stigma differed by HIV status. Understanding how experiences of stigma differ between HCV‐monoinfected and HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients may aid in the development of targeted interventions to address the HCV epidemic.
Survival characteristics and prognostic importance of echocardiographic measurements of right heart size and function in dogs with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Visser Lance C. , Wood James E. , Johnson Lynelle R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical relevance of echocardiographic measurements of right heart size and function in dogs with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine if echocardiographic measurements of right heart size and right ventricular (RV) function are associated with survival times in dogs with PH.AnimalsEighty‐two client‐owned dogs.MethodsRetrospective study where data from medical records and baseline echocardiographic examinations were collected and measured in a standardized manner. Owners or primary veterinarians were contacted for outcome data.ResultsEnlargement of the right atrium (88%), RV (69%), and pulmonary artery (72%) was common. One‐third of the cases had reduced RV function quantified by two‐dimensional echocardiography‐derived tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Decreased TAPSE was significantly (P = .008) more common in dogs with PH not secondary to left heart disease (LHD; 43%) compared to dogs with PH secondary to LHD (14%) but median survival times (182, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 39‐309 versus 298, 95% CI = 85‐314 days, respectively) were not significantly different (P = .78). Right atrial area (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.58‐4.70), TAPSE < 3.23 mm/kg0.284 (HR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.28‐3.74), and right heart failure (HR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.18‐3.57) were independently associated with shorter survival time (P ≤ .04).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRight atrial area, RV function (TAPSE < 3.23 mm/kg0.284), and right heart failure offer clinically relevant prognostic information in dogs with PH. Results support the quantitative assessment of right heart size and function in dogs with PH.
Complete remission and proviral load negativization after allogeneic‐SCT in a patient with Adult T‐cell lymphoma: Case report
Authors: Warley Fernando , Cristaldo Nancy , Barcan Laura , Valledor Alejandra , García‐Rivello Hernán , Arbelbide Jorge , Basquiera Ana L. , Otero Victoria 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdult T‐cell lymphoma is an aggressive and poor prognosis HTLV1‐associated lymphoma. There is no standard treatment, but it is known that intensive chemotherapy regimens are necessary, with or without concomitant antiretroviral therapy, plus consolidation with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Our case report shows a favorable outcome after 2 cycles of chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation without antiretroviral agents, achieving complete remission, and a negative proviral load.
Influence of oversewing the transverse staple line during functional end‐to‐end stapled intestinal anastomoses in dogs
Authors: Duffy Daniel J. , Moore George E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of oversewing the transverse staple line after functional end‐to‐end stapled intestinal anastomoses (FEESA) on canine jejunal leakage pressures.Study designExperimental, ex vivo, randomized study.Sample populationJejunal segments from three adult canine cadavers.MethodsJejunal segments were harvested within 2 hours of euthanasia and anastomosed (24 jejunal segments per group, consisting of two segments per construct with n = 12/ group). Constructs were then randomly assigned to receive FEESA alone, FEESA + Cushing oversew, or FEESA + simple‐continuous oversew of the transverse staple line with 3‐0 polydioxanone. Results for initial leakage pressure (ILP) and maximal leakage pressure (MLP) and initial leakage location (LL) were compared between groups.ResultsMean ILP was 1.8‐fold higher for FEESA + Cushing oversew (62.4 ± 7.8 mm Hg) compared with FEESA alone and FEESA + simple‐continuous oversew (P < .001). Mean MLP were higher for both oversewn techniques compared with FEESA alone (P < .001). Oversewing the transverse staple line with either pattern increased mean MLP by 1.4‐fold compared with FEESA alone. Leakage occurred at the level of the transverse staple line in nonoversewn constructs (P < .001).ConclusionOversewing the transverse staple line after FEESA increased MLP and decreased the occurrence of leakage at this location. Oversewing with a Cushing pattern increased ILP compared with oversew with a simple‐continuous pattern.Clinical significanceOur results provide evidence to support oversewing the transverse staple line after FEESA. Doing so may reduce the occurrence of postoperative dehiscence. These findings warrant additional focused investigation in vivo through a prospective randomized clinical trial.
Parent experience of caring for neonates with seizures
Authors: Lemmon Monica , Glass Hannah , Shellhaas Renee A , Barks Mary Carol , Bailey Bria , Grant Katie , Grossbauer Lisa , Pawlowski Kamil , Wusthoff Courtney J , Chang Taeun , Soul Janet , Chu Catherine J , Thomas Cameron , Massey Shavonne L , Abend Nicholas S , Rogers Elizabeth E , Franck Linda S 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveNeonates with seizures have a high risk of mortality and neurological morbidity. We aimed to describe the experience of parents caring for neonates with seizures.DesignThis prospective, observational and multicentre (Neonatal Seizure Registry) study enrolled parents of neonates with acute symptomatic seizures. At the time of hospital discharge, parents answered six open-ended response questions that targeted their experience. Responses were analysed using a conventional content analysis approach.Results144 parents completed the open-ended questions (732 total comments). Four themes were identified. Sources of strength: families valued medical team consensus, opportunities to contribute to their child’s care and bonding with their infant. Uncertainty: parents reported three primary types of uncertainty, all of which caused distress: (1) the daily uncertainty of the intensive care experience; (2) concerns about their child’s uncertain future and (3) lack of consensus between members of the medical team. Adapting family life: parents described the many ways in which they anticipated their infant’s condition would lead to adaptations in their family life, including adjusting their family’s lifestyle, parenting approach and routine. Many parents described financial and work challenges due to caring for a child with medical needs. Emotional and physical toll: parents reported experiencing anxiety, fear, stress, helplessness and loss of sleep.ConclusionsParents of neonates with seizures face challenges as they adapt to and find meaning in their role as a parent of a child with medical needs. Future interventions should target facilitating parent involvement in clinical and developmental care, improving team consensus and reducing the burden associated with prognostic uncertainty.
Safety of medical compression stockings in patients with diabetes mellitus or peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Rother Ulrich , Grussler Anna , Griesbach Colin , Almasi-Sperling Veronika , Lang Werner , Meyer Alexander 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionCompression therapy is highly effective in the treatment of many venous diseases, including leg edema. However, its relevance in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or diabetes mellitus is critically discussed. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of compression therapy on microperfusion and its safety in patients with PAD or diabetes mellitus.Research design and methodsA prospective analysis of 94 consecutive patients (44 patients with diabetes, 45 patients with PAD and 5 healthy controls) undergoing medical compression therapy was performed. Microperfusion was assessed by a combined method of white light tissue spectrometry and laser Doppler flowmetry under medical compression therapy (classes I and II), in different body positions (supine, sitting, standing and elevated position of the leg) and at different locations (great toe, lateral ankle and calf).ResultsDuring the entire study, no compression-related adverse events occurred. Evaluation of microcirculation parameters (oxygen saturation of hemoglobin and flow) at the different locations and in sitting and standing positions (patients with diabetes and PAD) under compression therapy classes I and II revealed no tendency for reduced microperfusion in both groups. In contrast, in the elevated leg position, all mean perfusion values decreased in the PAD and diabetes groups. However, the same effect was seen in the healthy subgroup.ConclusionsIn consideration of the present inclusion criteria, use of medical compression stockings is safe and feasible in patients with diabetes or PAD. This study did not find relevant impairment of microperfusion parameters under compression therapy in these patient subgroups in physiologic body positions.Trial registration numberNCT03384758.
Elevation of blood glucose level predicts worse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Huang Jianqiang , Zhu Guochao , Wang Qiongya , Lv Qingquan , Huang Ying , Yu Yang , Si Xiang , Yi Hui , Wang Cuiping , Liu Yihao , Xiao Han , Zhou Qian , Liu Xin , Yang Daya , Guan Xiangdong , Li Yanbing , Peng Sui , Sung Joseph , Xiao Haipeng 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionWith intense deficiency of medical resources during COVID-19 pandemic, risk stratification is of strategic importance. Blood glucose level is an important risk factor for the prognosis of infection and critically ill patients. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of blood glucose level in patients with COVID-19.Research design and methodsWe collected clinical and survival information of 2041 consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from two medical centers in Wuhan. Patients without available blood glucose level were excluded. We performed multivariable Cox regression to calculate HRs of blood glucose-associated indexes for the risk of progression to critical cases/mortality among non-critical cases, as well as in-hospital mortality in critical cases. Sensitivity analysis were conducted in patient without diabetes.ResultsElevation of admission blood glucose level was an independent risk factor for progression to critical cases/death among non-critical cases (HR=1.30, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.63, p=0.026). Elevation of initial blood glucose level of critical diagnosis was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in critical cases (HR=1.84, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.98, p=0.013). Higher median glucose level during hospital stay or after critical diagnosis (≥6.1 mmol/L) was independently associated with increased risks of progression to critical cases/death among non-critical cases, as well as in-hospital mortality in critical cases. Above results were consistent in the sensitivity analysis in patients without diabetes.ConclusionsElevation of blood glucose level predicted worse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Our findings may provide a simple and practical way to risk stratify COVID-19 inpatients for hierarchical management, particularly where medical resources are in severe shortage during the pandemic.