bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the linkage between extreme rainfall and the Madden–Julian Oscillation over the Indian region
Authors: Anandh P. C. , Vissa Naresh Krishna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe relationship between extreme rainfall events (ERE) and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) over the Indian Subcontinent is intriguing. In this regard, the study investigates in detail the association between the ERE and the MJO. Daily Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data were used for the period 1998–2015. The real‐time multivariate MJO index was applied to classify active and suppressed phases of the MJO. The percentile‐based threshold indices, change in probability, logistic regression models and composite analysis were used to understand the statistical and atmospheric circulation features. The results suggest that the frequency and rainfall contribution of the ERE were found to be higher during the active phases of the MJO across the seasons over the geographically distinct regions. The profound influence of the MJO on the ERE was found during the post‐monsoon over the southern Indian peninsula and Bay of Bengal regions. During the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), the prominent signals of the MJO are limited to the south of 20 ° N. The logistic regression and cumulative probability changes affirm the above results. The composite analysis of various diagnostic parameters reveals the background synoptic conditions during the post‐monsoon and the propagation of the Rossby convective lobe during the ISM might facilitate the occurrences of the ERE during the active phases of the MJO. The study highlights the space–time evolution of the ERE and the relative influence of the MJO across the seasons. Besides, its insights have practical implications for the understanding and prediction of sub‐seasonal rainfall extremes over the Indian Subcontinent.
Systematic analysis of a mitochondrial disease‐causing ND6 mutation in mitochondrial deficiency
Authors: Chen Deyu , Zhao Qiongya , Xiong Jingting , Lou Xiaoting , Han Qinxia , Wei Xiujuan , Xie Jie , Li Xueyun , Zhou Huaibin , Shen Lijun , Yang Yanling , Fang Hezhi , Lyu Jianxin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe m.14487T>C mutation is recognized as a diagnostic mutation of mitochondrial disease during the past 16 years, emerging evidence suggests that mutant loads of m.14487T>C and disease phenotype are not closely correlated.MethodsImmortalized lymphocytes were generated by coculturing the Epstein–Barr virus and lymphocytes from m.14487T>C carrier Chinese patient with Leigh syndrome. Fifteen cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines were generated by fusing mtDNA lacking 143B cells with platelets donated by patients. Mitochondrial function was systematically analyzed at transcriptomic, metabolomic, and biochemical levels.ResultsUnlike previous reports, we found that the assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, mitochondrial respiration, and mitochondrial OXPHOS function was barely affected in cybrid cells carrying homoplastic m.14487T>C mutation. Mitochondrial dysfunction associated transcriptomic and metabolomic reprogramming were not detected in cybrid carrying homoplastic m.14487T>C. However, we found that mitochondrial function was impaired in patient‐derived immortalized lymphocytes.ConclusionOur data revealed that m.14487T>C mutation is insufficient to cause mitochondrial deficiency; additional modifier genes may be involved in m.14487T>C‐associated mitochondrial disease. Our results further demonstrated that a caution should be taken by solely use of m.14487T>C mutation for molecular diagnosis of mitochondrial disease.
Modeling RBE‐weighted dose variations in irregularly moving abdominal targets treated with carbon ion beams
Authors: Meschini Giorgia , Kamp Florian , Hofmaier Jan , Reiner Michael , Sharp Gregory , Paganetti Harald , Belka Claus , Wilkens Jan J. , Carlson David J. , Parodi Katia , Baroni Guido , Riboldi Marco 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTo model four‐dimensional (4D) relative biological effectiveness (RBE)‐weighted dose variations in abdominal lesions treated with scanned carbon ion beam in case of irregular breathing motion.MethodsThe proposed method, referred to as bioWED method, combines the simulation of tumor motion in a patient‐ and beam‐specific water equivalent depth (WED)‐space with RBE modeling, aiming at the estimation of RBE‐weighted dose changes due to respiratory motion. The method was validated on a phantom, simulating gated and free breathing dose delivery, and on a patient case, for which free breathing irradiation was assumed and both amplitude and baseline breathing irregularities were simulated through a respiratory motion model. We quantified (a) the effect of motion on the equivalent uniform dose (EUD) and the RBE‐weighted dose–volume histograms (DVH), by comparing the planned dose distribution with “ground truth” 4D RBE‐weighted doses computed using 4D computed tomography data, and (ii) the estimation error, by comparing the doses estimated with the bioWED method to “ground truth” 4D RBE‐weighted doses.ResultsIn the phantom validation, the estimation error on the EUD was limited with respect to the motion effect and the median estimation error on relevant RBE‐weighted DVH metrics remained within 5%. In the patient study, the estimation error as computed on the EUD was smaller than the corresponding motion effect, exhibiting the largest values in the baseline irregularity simulation. However, the median estimation error over all simulations was below 3.2% considering relevant DVH metrics.ConclusionsIn the evaluated cases, the bioWED method showed proper accuracy when compared to deformable image registration‐based 4D dose calculation. Therefore, it can be seen as a tool to test treatment plan robustness against irregular breathing motion, although its accuracy decreases as a function of increasing soft tissue deformation and should be evaluated on a larger patient dataset.
Examination of the neck when a patient complains of shoulder pain: a global survey of current practice (2019)
Authors: Walker Tom , Cuff Andrew , Salt Emma , Lynch Greg , Littlewood Chris 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundShoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal problem. Despite this, much uncertainty still exists regarding diagnosis, prognosis and effectiveness of treatments. One diagnostic challenge is determining the role of the neck when a patient complains of shoulder pain. The aim of this survey was to investigate healthcare professionals’ indications for examining the neck in this case and subsequent methods used.MethodsAn online survey was developed and distributed via Twitter and the authors’ professional networks. Responses were collected over a 4‐week period in 2019.ResultsIn total, 918 respondents replied; 804 completed the full survey. The majority were physiotherapists. Over 80% would examine the neck of patients presenting with shoulder pain. The most commonly used method was neck active range‐of‐movement testing (n = 822/95.3%), followed by neurological examination (n = 713/78.1%). Less commonly used tests were neck resistance testing, palpation of the neck and Spurling's test. Fewer numbers (n = 176/22%) resorted to using diagnostic tests such as imaging.ConclusionsThis survey provides some insight as to how healthcare practitioners examine the neck when a patient complains of shoulder pain. Most would examine based on anterolateral shoulder pain, using variable combinations of movement, resistance, neurological and palpation/other testing. A minority would perform diagnostics or imaging. The results of the survey highlight that practice in this area is mixed, which may be due to uncertainty regarding optimal methods. This highlights the need for further work to understand this clinical dilemma better.
Influence of scale effect and injection speed on morphology and structure of the microinjection molded isotactic polypropylene parts
Authors: Wang Lixia , Jiang Lin , Li Shuang , Zhang Yang , Wang Dongfang , Li Qian , Shen Changyu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe morphology and microstructure as well as their forming mechanism of the parts in microinjection molding process are critical. In this work, the coupling effect of scale factor and injection speed on the morphology of the microparts was systematically investigated. Neat isotactic polypropylene parts with thicknesses of 1 mm, 200 μm, and 100 μm were molded at different injection speeds. Polarized light microscope and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction were used to inspect the microstructures along the sample thickness. In this way, three kinds of typical morphology were observed in the parts, including typical skin‐core structure for the parts with the thickness of 1 mm, noncore shear layer structure for the parts with the thickness of 200 μm, and special skin‐core structure with large fraction of columnar crystal for the parts with the thickness of 100 μm. Most interestingly, it was intuitively and straightforward found that the wall slip occurs when the injection speed exceeds a certain value. Specifically, opposite morphological change trend can be obtained when the parts were molded at different levels of injection speeds. Based on these experimental observations, the formation mechanism was proposed to interpret the morphological evolution. Our work provides a new insight for better understanding the morphology evolution mechanism for microinjection molding parts.
Preparation of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)‐poly(acrylic acid) amphiphilic copolymers via radiation‐induced reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer mediated polymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate
Authors: Sütekin Semiha Duygu , Güven Olgun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPoly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PtBA) is a versatile hydrophobic macromolecule usually preferred in the development of new materials for a host of applications. PtBA homopolymers with well‐defined structure and controlled molecular weight in a wide range were successfully synthesized via radiation‐induced reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in the presence of a trithiocarbonate type RAFT agent. The polymerization of tBA was performed under 60Co γ‐irradiation in the presence of 2‐(dodecylthiocarbonothioylthio)‐2‐methylpropionic acid (DDMAT) as the RAFT agent in toluene at room temperature with three [tBA]/[DDMAT] ratios (400, 600 and 1000) and different irradiation times. Radiation‐induced polymerization of tBA displayed controlled free radical polymerization characteristics: a narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn ~ 1.1), pseudo first order kinetics and controlled molecular weights. The system followed the RAFT polymerization mechanism even at very low amounts of RAFT agent ([tBA]/[DDMAT] = 1000), and molecular weights up to 113 900 with narrow dispersity (Ð =1.06) were obtained. PtBA was further hydrolysed into different amphiphilic PtBA‐co‐poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) copolymers by low (27.5%) and high (77.3%) degrees of hydrolysis. The pH sensitivity of the two copolymers was investigated by dynamic light scattering at pH 2 and pH 9 (above and below the pKa value of PAA) and their hydrodynamic diameters and zeta potential values were determined. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Elucidating the relationship between borderline personality disorder and intimate partner violence
Authors: Munro Olivia E. , Sellbom Martin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examined the established association between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and intimate partner violence (IPV). More specifically, it compared the DSM‐5 traditional categorical personality disorder (PD) model with the DSM‐5 Alternative Model of PD (AMPD) operationalizations of BPD in their relative associations with IPV. The effects of gender, as well as the associations between BPD and different forms of IPV were also considered. Additionally, we investigated the specific BPD‐relevant AMPD personality traits that influence the BPD‐IPV association. The study sample were 250 community‐dwelling men and women recruited through an established crowdsourcing platform. Results revealed that both the ‘traditional’ and AMPD operationalizations of BPD were approximately equally associated with IPV perpetration, although the traditional BPD operationalization demonstrated some minor advantages in this regard. The AMPD trait facets of hostility (negative affectivity), suspiciousness (negative affectivity) and risk taking (disinhibition) were most strongly associated with IPV perpetration for the total sample, and additional negative affectivity trait facets were also associated with IPV for men only. Implications for these findings are discussed. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating sorption of monovalent acidic herbicides at different pH levels using a single sorption coefficient
Authors: Spadotto Claudio A , Locke Martin A , Bingner Ronald L , Mingoti Rafael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMonovalent acidic pesticide sorption can be determined for any soil pH if the dissociation constant of the compound is known, and sorption coefficients are available for at least two different pH values, measured in a wide enough range to enable estimating both neutral and anionic form coefficients. Sorption estimates have also been made from a single sorption coefficient available, assuming a non‐compound specific value of the anionic form sorption coefficient or considering a generic ratio between sorption coefficients of the two forms. A compound‐specific procedure for adjustment of parameters of the equation for estimating sorption of monovalent acidic herbicides at different pH levels, from a single sorption coefficient, is proposed and evaluated.RESULTSThe quality of fits was good for sorption of all three herbicides studied, especially for 2,4‐D and flumetsulam at pH above 5, even for diverse soils and experimental procedures and conditions. The best fits resulted in the following ratios of theoretical maximum organic‐carbon sorption coefficients for neutral and anionic forms (Kocn’:Koca’): 440:1 for 2,4‐D; 132:1 for flumetsulam; and 55:1 for sulfentrazone.CONCLUSIONThe ratios of theoretical maximum sorption coefficients for neutral and anionic forms (Kocn’:Koca’) are compound‐specific, thus this procedure should also be applied to pH‐sorption datasets for other acidic pesticides to provide the respective ratio between the theoretical maximum sorption coefficients, instead of using generic assigned values. More calibration research is recommended and validation of this approach is required to demonstrate applicability of the method. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Errors in femoral anteversion, femoral offset, and vertical offset following robot‐assisted total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Hsieh Chih‐Ming , Howell Stephen M. , Hull Maury L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe objectives were to determine errors in femoral anteversion (FA), femoral offset (FO), and vertical offset (VO) with robot‐assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA) and how consistently these errors are within clinically desirable limits of ±5° and ±5 mm. After preoperative planning, robot‐assisted THAs were performed on twelve cadaveric specimens. The error between achieved and planned component placements was used to determine bias (mean error) and precision (SD of error). The percent of the population within clinically desirable limits was determined. Bias of 1.5° and 2.7 mm occurred for FA and VO, respectively. Precision was 1.2° for FA and better than 1.5 mm for FO and VO. The percent of population within clinically desirable limits was at least 95% for FA and at least 99% for FO. With limits of ±7 mm, at least 95% of the population was within these limits for VO. Robot‐assisted THA may improve clinical outcomes.
Synthesis of the Elusive bis(4‐carboxyphenylimino)acenaphthene Ligand and of its Palladium Dichloride Complex
Authors: Ferretti Francesco , Barraco Edoardo , Macchi Piero , Ragaini Fabio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe title bis‐imine appears to be ideally suited to be employed in the preparation of MOFs and other advanced materials, but its synthesis has not been reported in the literature. The solution to the problems that likely originated this and the crystal structure of a palladium complex are reported.
Ultrasmall Ag Clusters Modified W18O49 Ultrathin Nanowires for Sensitive Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection
Authors: Ye Yuting , Bai Hua , Liu Wei , Li Yahui , Yu Mingzhou , Li Junfang , Xi Guangcheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThough plasmonic Au and Ag nanocrystals are predicted as the best substrate materials for surface enhacned Raman spectrum (SERS), realization of their large‐scale applications is hindered by the high cost. How to reduce the amount of noble‐metals and achive excellent SERS enhancement factor is an urgent issue to be solved. Herein, a general freeze‐drying‐assisted in‐situ reduction method for the large‐scale synthesis of ultrathin Ag clusters modified oxygen vacancies‐rich W18O49 ultrathin nanowires based on the intrinsic reducibility of the oxygen vacancies contained in crystal lattice has been reported, which realizes high density loading of Ag clusters without external reductants and protective additives. As a new SERS substrate, the ultrathin Ag clusters loaded W18O49 ultrathin nanowires not only save a lot of noble metals, but also show an unexpected ultrahigh SERS sensitivity, which EF is up to 4.3×107 and lowest detection limit for Rhodamine 6G is as high as 10−10 M. The Ag clusters modified W18O49 ultrathin nanowires also exhibit excellent universality for a series of highly concerned hazardous chemicals in practical detection, such as bisphenol A, melamine, 2,4‐dichlorophenol and butyl hydroxy anisd.
Complementary components and returns from coordination within ecosystems via standard setting
Authors: Miller Cameron D. , Toh Puay Khoon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWhen and how does a firm generate positive returns for itself as it coordinates technological development in ecosystems via standard setting? We depart from the convention of examining a firm's disclosed standard essential patents (SEPs), to instead focus on its nondisclosed complementary components. Using data from the information and communication technology industry from 1988 to 2010, we demonstrate that a firm that discloses SEPs generates higher returns when it has more nondisclosed complementary components, especially when they are firm‐specific. We further demonstrate the mechanism by showing at a component level that disclosure raises the value of nondisclosed complementary components. Findings suggest that adopting a systemic perspective over the firm's entire portfolio to include its complementary components provides a more comprehensive understanding of returns from coordination within ecosystems.Managerial SummaryCompatibility standards provide the blue print behind the core technological platform in many ecosystems. During the standard setting process, firms disclose their ownership of intellectual property essential for the standard to function (SEPs). We study when such disclosures benefit the firm by examining the change in firms' equity market valuations. We find that firms generate positive returns when they own nondisclosed components that are complementary to their disclosed SEPs. We also find that the nondisclosed complementary components increase in value after the disclosure of SEPs. Our findings point to how managers can leverage standard setting to create and capture value in their technology portfolio beyond the licensing of SEPs.
Mass Cytometry and Single‐Cell RNA‐seq Profiling of the Heterogeneity in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Interacting with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Ha My Kieu , Kwon Sook Jin , Choi Jang‐Sik , Nguyen Nguyen Thanh , Song Jaewoo , Lee Yangsoon , Kim Young‐Eun , Shin Incheol , Nam Jin‐Wu , Yoon Tae Hyun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and human immune cells is necessary for justifying their utilization in consumer products and biomedical applications. However, conventional assays may be insufficient in describing the complexity and heterogeneity of cell–NP interactions. Herein, mass cytometry and single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) are complementarily used to investigate the heterogeneous interactions between silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and primary immune cells. Mass cytometry reveals the heterogeneous biodistribution of the positively charged polyethylenimine‐coated AgNPs in various cell types and finds that monocytes and B cells have higher association with the AgNPs than other populations. scRNA‐seq data of these two cell types demonstrate that each type has distinct responses to AgNP treatment: NRF2‐mediated oxidative stress is confined to B cells, whereas monocytes show Fcγ‐mediated phagocytosis. Besides the between‐population heterogeneity, analysis of single‐cell dose–response relationships further reveals within‐population diversity for the B cells and naïve CD4+ T cells. Distinct subsets having different levels of cellular responses with respect to their cellular AgNP doses are found. This study demonstrates that the complementary use of mass cytometry and scRNA‐seq is helpful for gaining in‐depth knowledge on the heterogeneous interactions between immune cells and NPs and can be incorporated into future toxicity assessments of nanomaterials.
Implantable, Degradable, Therapeutic Terahertz Metamaterial Devices
Authors: Sun Long , Zhou Zhitao , Zhong Junjie , Shi Zhifeng , Mao Ying , Li Hua , Cao Juncheng , Tao Tiger H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetamaterial (MM) sensors and devices, usually consisting of artificially structured composite materials with engineered responses that are mainly determined by the unit structure rather than the bulk properties or composition, offer new functionalities not readily available in nature. A set of implantable and resorbable therapeutic MM devices at terahertz (THz) frequencies are designed and fabricated by patterning magnesium split ring resonators on drug‐loaded silk protein substrates with controllable device degradation and drug release rates. To demonstrate proof‐of‐concept, a set of silk‐based, antibiotics‐loaded MM devices, which can serve as degradable antibacterial skin patches with capabilities to monitor drug‐release in real time are fabricated. The extent of drug release, which correlates with the degradation of the MM skin patch, can be monitored by analyzing the resonant responses in reflection during degradation using a portable THz camera. Animal experiments are performed to demonstrate the in vivo degradation process and the efficacy of the devices for antibacterial treatment. Thus, the implantable and resorbable therapeutic MM devices do not need to be retrieved once implanted, providing an appealing alternative for in‐vivo sensing and in situ treatment applications.
Controlled Synthesis of Ag2Te@Ag2S Core–Shell Quantum Dots with Enhanced and Tunable Fluorescence in the Second Near‐Infrared Window
Authors: Zhang Yejun , Yang Hongchao , An Xinyi , Wang Zan , Yang Xiaohu , Yu Mengxuan , Zhang Rong , Sun Ziqiang , Wang Qiangbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFluorescence in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II, 900–1700 nm) has drawn great interest for bioimaging, owing to its high tissue penetration depth and high spatiotemporal resolution. NIR‐II fluorophores with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and stability along with high biocompatibility are urgently pursued. In this work, a Ag‐rich Ag2Te quantum dots (QDs) surface with sulfur source is successfully engineered to prepare a larger bandgap of Ag2S shell to passivate the Ag2Te core via a facile colloidal route, which greatly enhances the PLQY of Ag2Te QDs and significantly improves the stability of Ag2Te QDs. This strategy works well with different sized core Ag2Te QDs so that the NIR‐II PL can be tuned in a wide range. In vivo imaging using the as‐prepared Ag2Te@Ag2S QDs presents much higher spatial resolution images of organs and vascular structures as compared with the same dose of Ag2Te nanoprobes administrated, suggesting the success of the core–shell synthetic strategy and the potential biomedical applications of core–shell NIR‐II nanoprobes.