bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Riemann–Cartan gravitational and axial anomalies in electrodynamics and black holes
Authors: Garcia de Andrade L C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper two examples are given of a chiral torsional anomaly Nieh–Yan (NY) topological invariant in Riemann–Cartan (RC) spacetime: in the first it is shown that a certain class of RC spacetime metrics yields a chiral torsional axial anomaly possessing a term proportional to E ⋅ B. Here E and B are respectively the electric and magnetic fields. Besides, since Cartan connection does not vanish, this example is a mixed gravitational axial anomaly. In this case the axial torsional anomaly in RC manifold is computed. Second example is that of a Kerr metric of non-stationary black hole (BH) which possesses gravitational anomaly. The metric which produces the axial anomaly keeps some similarity with Eddington–Schroedinger–Einstein–Strauss metric of unified field theories of gravity and electromagnetism. These ideas, show us the possibility of having analogous BHs models in Weyl semimetals. Moreover, electrodynamics in Cartan spacetime is discussed in this context. This is based on teleparallel metrics used by Letelier (1995 Class Quantum Grav.
12 2221) and Tod (1994 Class Quantum Grav.
11 5). NY RC gravitational anomalies are obtained for BHs Kerr metric using an orthogonal tetrad system.
On the behavior of a water electrolysis cell in a DC circuit
Authors: Hutchison Douglas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The electrolysis of water using a DC circuit is a familiar physical science experiment and the empirical details of the process, especially in terms of the chemistry, are well known. There are however, long-standing questions in regard to the specific role played by the circuit itself and the electrolyte. Recent empirical studies of an electrolysis cell as a circuit element have revealed what we see as clues towards understanding the cell’s behavior electrodynamically (Shen M et al 2011 Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
36 14335; Sun C-W and Hsiau S-S 2018 J. Electrochem. Sci. Technol.
9 99). For example, the cell is observed to be non-conductive below a threshold in the difference of potential, and once it becomes conductive the current is proportional to the difference between the applied voltage and the threshold, not the applied voltage. This type of non-Ohmic behavior guides our modeling of the cell in two steps. The first is the analysis of an equivalent circuit that captures the observed behavior. The second is an examination of the charge distributions within the double layers near the electrodes that polarize the cell. This polarization renders the cell non-conductive below the threshold, and its lingering effects explain the overall non-Ohmic behavior once conduction is possible. In addition, the energy transfer process required to power the cell, we find, is suggestive of non-classical (i.e. quantum mechanical) mechanisms.
Digital twin-driven machine learning: ball bearings fault severity classification
Authors: Farhat Mohamed Habib , Chiementin Xavier , Chaari Fakher , Bolaers Fabrice , Haddar Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Machine learning algorithms (MLAs) are increasingly being used as effective techniques for processing vibration signals obtained from complex industrial machineries. Previous applications of automatic fault detection algorithms in the diagnosis of rotating machines were mainly based on historical operating data sets, limiting the diagnostic reliability to devices with an extended operating history. Moreover, physically collected data are often restricted by the conditions of acquisition and the specific elements for which they were recorded. Digital twin (DT) provides a powerful tool able to generate a huge amount of training data for MLAs. However, the DT model must be accurate enough to substitute the experiments. This work aims to escape the experience requirement by using a simulation-driven MLA based on the multifactorial analysis of fault indicators associated with a DT. To achieve this approach, a numerical model of a rotor-ball bearing system is developed. The latter is updated according to a parameter update scheme based on a comparison between the relevant features of the experimentally measured signals and the signals simulated by the model. These features are chosen as the selected input parameters of the MLA classifier. The results show that after updating, the developed DT has provided a reliable diagnostic with an adaptive degradation analysis, which makes the simulated data suitable for the construction of a machine learning predictive model. Two common MLAs, (multi-kernel support vector machine) and (k nearest neighbor’s algorithm), were trained using the simulated data and validated later against experimental datasets.
Tomographic reconstruction of light field PIV based on a backward ray-tracing technique
Authors: Cao Lixia , Zhang Biao , Hossain MD Moinul , Li Jian , Xu Chuanlong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The calculation of the weight matrix is one of the key steps of the tomographic reconstruction in the light field particle image velocimetry (light field PIV) system. At present, the existing calculation method of the weight matrix in light field PIV based on the forward ray-tracing technique (named Fahringer’s method) is very time-consuming. To improve the computational efficiency of the weight matrix, this paper presents a computational method for the weight matrix based on the backward ray-tracing technique in combination with a Gaussian function (named the Gaussian function method). An expectation–maximization algorithm is employed for the reconstruction of the 3D particle field, and a summed line-of-sight (SLOS) estimation is further used to accelerate the reconstruction process. The computational accuracy and efficiency of the weight matrix, the reconstruction quality of the 3D particle field, and the velocity field accuracy by the Gaussian function method are numerically investigated. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of the weight matrix by the Gaussian function method. The numerical results illustrated that the Gaussian function method can improve the computational efficiency of the weight matrix more than ten times. The SLOS is capable of further accelerating the computational efficiency of the overall reconstruction process, including the pre-determination, the calculation of the weight matrix and the reconstruction. The velocity field accuracy by the Gaussian function method is almost the same as that by Fahringer’s method. The experimental results of the three-dimensional and three-component velocity field of a laminar flow further verify the feasibility of the computational method for the weight matrix based on the Gaussian function method.
Edge localized mode characteristics and divertor heat flux during stationary and transient phase for CFETR hybrid scenario
Authors: Li Zeyu , Zhu Yiren , Xu Guoliang , Chan V S , Xu Xueqiao , Chen Jiale , Ding Rui , Xia Tianyang , Jian Xiang , Zou Yunpeng , Xiao Chijie , Wang Xiaogang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study of edge localized mode (ELM) behavior, stationary heat flux and transient heat flux during the ELM crash phase is performed for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) 1 GW hybrid mode operation scenario (

R

= 7.2 m,

B

T

= 6.5 T,

I

p

= 13.78 MA). Modeling and simulation start with a scenario obtained by multi-code integrated modeling on the one modeling framework for integrated tasks framework. Linear stability and nonlinear simulations of ELM dynamics are carried out using the BOUT++ six-field reduced magnetohydrodynamic module, which show a much smaller ELM energy loss (ΔELM ~ 0.13%) compared to that of a Type-I ELM. Parametric analysis of the weak linear growth rate and small ELM energy loss characteristics shed light on physics corresponding to a grassy ELM regime for CFETR 1 GW hybrid scenario. The transient heat flux on the divertor target during this small ELM phase is investigated using BOUT++. We found that upstream radial transport in the scrape-off-layer (SOL) induced by small ELMs is weak, which keeps it in the drift-dominated region. However, the heat flux width is still broadened to

λ

q

= 4.64 mm by the increase of separatrix temperature during ELM nonlinear evolution. The impact of transient peak heat load and ELM energy fluence on tungsten melting and net erosion rate of divertor target is evaluated for the first-time using physics-based transport that connects the pedestal with the SOL. Energy fluence caused by a single ELM pulse is below the tungsten melting limit, while tungsten erosion would exceed the material requirements. We conclude that external mitigation methods, such as divertor detachment and advanced divertor geometry are likely needed for the steady state operation of CFETR.
Formation of general technical training of students through the integration of computational and graphic works
Authors: Lazar V V , Kataev Yu V , Stepanov M V , Chepurina E L , Krasnyashikh K A 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe article deals with the role and tasks of general technical training of future engineers, justifies the choice of general technical subject “Machine parts, design basics and lifting and transport machines” as a link between general and special subjects. The article reveals the possibilities of using integrative computational and graphic works to form the general technical competence of engineering students, the technological aspect of designing integrated content of general technical subjects on the example of developing end-to-end complex individual tasks.
Distance learning during self-isolation: comparative analysis
Authors: Kvashko L P , Aleksandrova L G , Shesternina V V , Erdakova L D , Kvashko V V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article provides a comparative analysis of the methods of teaching mathematics to university students of the traditional face-to-face form of education and in the form of distance learning using electronic teaching aids. To compare these forms the main elements that make up the teaching methodology were highlighted: teaching methods, levels of mastering the content of education, the type of educational situation, types of feedback. Each element of the methodology was presented in the form of a hierarchical subsystem performing teaching functions at different levels of assimilation. In the course of the conducted polls of the students and teachers it was found out that the traditional teaching methodology worsened its didactic properties with the transition to a distance form. Therefore, in order to increase the effectiveness of teaching it is necessary to transfer the methodology to new principles of cyberpedagogy and create a closed educational process with a directed information flow.
Opportunities provided by use of Atomic Force Microscopy for studying Invertebrates hemocytes in training biology students
Authors: Prisnyi A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Atomic Force Microscopy provides for probing of cellular characteristics, such as elasticity of cell membranes, adhesion between the probe and the sample, microrelief of cell surfaces, and linear dimensions of cells, including their height. In our study we utilized Atomic Force Microscopy to measure physical parameters of blood cells of invertebrates within the framework of the process of education of biology students. In order to measure elasticity and adhesion, we used an Atomic Force Microscope Integra Vita NT-MDT, and cells were scanned in semi-contact mode. We used NSG3 (NT-MDT) silicon tips with hardness of 1.4 N/m, curvature radius of 10 nm. Young’s modulus describes elastic properties of the cell membrane. For hemocytes of invertebrates, this parameter computed at different points of the same cell varied significantly. The difference between the greatest and the smallest values suggests that computation of mean elasticity for hemocytes of invertebrates is not informative. It is a well-known fact that Young’s moduli computed for central and peripheral portions of a cell are different, and, thus, in this study the values were grouped by their location. The experiment revealed no difference between elastic properties of central and peripheral portions of blood cells of invertebrates.
Dublin Descriptors
Authors: Masaev S N , Dorrer G A , Vingert V V , Yakimova E A , Klochkov S V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dublin descriptors are under consideration. It is part of one of the global integration processes between European countries and Russia, which began in 1999. It causes a lot of controversy and approval from different sides. For the sake of clarity, an assessment is being made of the industrial application of the Dublin Descriptors. The assessment is based on the method of integral indicators. To use the method, the enterprise is formalized as a model of events at each moment in time. Each event in the enterprise is tied to the student’s skill. Accordingly, students’ skills are grouped by educational level. Education levels are given as Dublin descriptors. The chosen approach makes it possible to determine the correlation between levels of education and skills. It makes it possible to analyze meaningful interconnection. A universal assessment of the use of Dublin descriptors in the enterprise allows the formation of up-to-date lists of employees for higher education, professional development and training.
The high industrial Education 4.0 soft skills and hard skills
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Zakoldaev D A , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The industrial high education is done as multi-layer preparation, which includes the professional and over professional competences development necessary to work in a production. The worker individual base is done as soft skills and hard skills, which are successfully implemented in work groups. The Hard skills education influences the student professional knowledge. The Soft skills education forms the worker emotional stability to make their career boost. The isolated education environment does not provide the full and simultaneous student soft skills and hard skills development that why the preparation system has some career centers resources organized in a production. The joint tutor methods form the student all types of knowledge and skills who are capable to demonstrate their abilities in looking for an industry job. There is high school and production interaction format described for student soft skills and hard skills being developed with different poles. The tutor technics have a significance based on non-auditory practical lections. It is clear that the industrial high education specifics could be the education plan elective courses dominating number to cover up the student interests in maximum who want to make their own education route and influence their career development in education environment.
Competence-oriented tasks as a means of forming natural science literacy
Authors: Platonova T P , Pakusina A P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Science literacy is an important component of functional literacy. An effective means of forming functional literacy, that is, the ability to solve standard life tasks in various fields of activity on the basis of applied knowledge, are competence-oriented tasks. Competence-oriented tasks are successfully used in the study of disciplines for students in agricultural and engineering fields. The article provides types and examples of subject, interdisciplinary and practical competence-oriented tasks with chemical and biological content. Competence-oriented tasks differ from traditional ones in that the condition of the task is formulated as a plot, situation or problem, for the solution of which it is necessary to use knowledge that is not explicitly indicated in the text of the task.
Experience of teaching geometric modeling at schools and universities
Authors: Balyakin A V , Chempinsky L A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the requirements to specialists willing to work in state-of-the-art mechanical engineering as well as the related requirements to teaching geometric modeling at school, where students are supposed to learn the principles behind 3D modeling of natural and man-made objects and to study the issues of making 3D model-based parts on CNC machines. The paper also covers an elective course program designed to teach high school students to model and manufacture parts. Students of Samara Aerospace Lyceum have made projects as part of such learning, which are also presented herein. The article further dwells upon the scope and the curriculum of the geometric modeling course taught at the Engineering Graphics Department, Samara University, as part of the Aircraft and Rocket Engine Design degree, and analyzes the students’ projects made on individual assignments. The authors conclude on the effectiveness of said training.
Development of methods for increasing the performance of rubber cord shells of pneumatic shock absorbers
Authors: Chemisenko O V , Gnoyevykh Y S , Levochkina N A , Eremin E N , Lyamtsev A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article examines the effect of temperature on the change in the characteristics of tribotechnical properties in a pair of friction "rubber-metal". The reasons for the decrease in the efficiency and durability of rubber-cord casings and pneumatic shock absorbers are analyzed.
Research of numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations in MS Excel
Authors: Trofimets E N , Trofimets V Ya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Methods of Euler and Runge-Kutta are the most famous ones among the numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations. Euler’s method has slow convergence; therefore, methods of a higher order of accuracy are often used. There are various modifications of the Euler method to increase its accuracy. Euler methods are mostly common corrected and modified. The corrected and modified Euler methods are second-order methods; their accuracy is proportional to h2. Based on a comparative analysis of the obtained results of the study of numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations in MS Excel, it was found that the modified Euler’s method provides the highest accuracy.
Development of professional competencies of bachelors in applied Informatics to create an advertising product by means of information technologies
Authors: Alekseeva N R , Lavina T A , Vanyulin A N , Zakharova A N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article describes the experience of teachers of the Russian regional university in training IT specialists to develop an advertising product, while it is considered as an information resource developed as a result of targeted information activities of specialists. The article considers the structure and content of the components of professional competence of bachelors in the field of creating an advertising product by means of IT technologies, taking into account the levels of competence development of students in accordance with the development stages of an advertising product. The indicators of components of the considered professional competence are given, taking into account its development levels. Studying at the University, Bachelor students in the training course of "Applied Informatics" (speciality "Applied Informatics in design") get experience in creating an advertising product using IT technologies on the basis of methods of quasi-professional activity. For more effective training in this field, the following pedagogical conditions are developed and experimentally tested: a modular content structure of preparation for the use of IT technologies to create an advertising product, taking into account its development stages; the internal university training of teachers to use the information and communication technologies in the area of general pedagogical and subject orientation; the formation of experience of the bachelor quasi-professional activity on applied informatics through imitation of the future professional environment in the information and communication conditions of the university. Based on the example of conducted empirical research, that students of "Applied Informatics" course at the Russian University took part in, it is concluded that the purposeful implementation of special pedagogical conditions significantly affects the formation of all components of professional competence of bachelors in the field of development of an advertising product.
Features of engineering thinking development by means of 3D technologies
Authors: Mamaeva E A , Masharova T V , Podlevskikh M N , Shilyaeva S V , Batakova E L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The problem that the study is aimed at is due to the need to create a special engineering style of thinking within the digital learning space, which implies a willingness to research, creativity, responsibility, intellectual skills, and supported by modern high-tech tools to provide resources for solving the problems of formation of Industry 4.0. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the use of 3D technology for the formation of engineering thinking, as an important competence of the in-demand specialist in the digital society. The methodology is based on theoretical and methodological analysis and generalization of fundamental scientific works, the significance of which in the field of digitalization of education, training of engineering and technical personnel, three-dimensional modeling, application of software for the development of thinking, is recognized by the scientific community. The paper specifies the essence of the concept of “engineering thinking” precisely in the context of training specialists for Industry 4.0 and substantiates the potential of 3D-technologies for the formation of engineering thinking as an essential skill of in-demand professionals of the future. The authors formulate the principles and directions of support by the mentor of the research activities of students in 3D modeling. The system of work on an interdisciplinary project with the allocation of skills significant for the formation of engineering thinking is presented. In conclusion, the features of the formation of engineering thinking by means of 3D technologies are summarized in the process of the entire learning path from preschool education to professional retraining.
Application of greedy algorithms for the formation of the educational schedule in the higher education
Authors: Popov A A , Lopateeva O N , Ovsyankin A K , Satsuk M M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The problem of improving the quality of the organization of the educational process in a higher educational institution (university) is solved by using greedy algorithms. This task is the main one in the activity of the dispatching service of each university. A well-prepared schedule should ensure a uniform load of student groups and faculty. A greedy algorithm is an algorithm consisting in making locally optimal decisions at each stage, assuming that the final solution also turns out to be optimal. A greedy resource allocation algorithm refers to an algorithm according to which the resource allocation process can be represented as a sequence of steps. At each step, an optimal distribution of some resources occurs under certain conditions, which does not change in the future. Numerous attempts to automate the process of forming the university curriculum did not solve the problem in full. Accordingly, in order to solve this problem more effectively, as well as reduce the time and money spent on resource allocation, it is necessary to optimize existing solutions. The purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm that will improve the quality of curriculum formation based on the use of greedy algorithms.