bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of risk factors for the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study of 163 hospitalized patients
Authors: Tu Ye , Yang Ping , Wang Jingjing , Tian Xuebi , Wang Kai , Wang Chaolong , Luo Ailin , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare clinical features between moderate and severe cases with COVID-19, and screen factors associated with disease severity.Methods: Demographic and clinical data were compared between moderate and severe cases. Logistic regression was performed for prognostic factors.Results: 163 patients (median age 65.0 (56.8-71.0) years, 78 (47.9%) females) were enrolled, including 87 (53.4%) severe and 76 (46.6%) moderate cases. 79 (90.8%) severe and 59 (77.6%) moderate cases had comorbidities, with hypertension and diabetes commonly presented. The most common symptoms were fever. Severe cases had higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inflammatory cytokines and lymphopenia, eosinopenia on admission, and lower eosinophil and higher neutrophil counts from admission to day 13 and 19. Multivariable regression showed that neutrophilia, eosinopenia, high LDH and D-dimer were associated with severe COVID-19. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, LDH, eosinophil and neutrophil + eosinophil + LDH + D-dimer combination, with area under curve of 0.86, 0.76 and 0.93, predicted severe illness with high sensitivity (82.8%, 83.3%, 88.0%) and specificity (68.4%, 84.2%, 81.3%).Conclusions: Eosinopenia, higher LDH and neutrophil + eosinophil + LDH + D-dimer combination on admission were powerful indicators of severe COVID-19. Dynamic changes of neutrophils and eosinophils may be used to evaluate disease progression.
Effect of food matrix type on growth characteristics and hemolysin production of Vibrio alginolyticus
Authors: Hu Xiaojun , Wang Rundong , Deng Yijia , Deng Qi , Fang Zhijia , Sun Lijun , Wang Yaling , Gooneratne Ravi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The growth and hemolysin production of V. alginolyticus at 30 °C in briny Tilapia , shrimp, scallop, oyster, pork, chicken, freshwater fish and egg fried rice were investigated. Bacterial counts were enumerated by plate counting. Hemolysin production was evaluated by blood agar and hemolytic titer tests. Results: Based on the goodness of fit primary model statistics (R 2 , MSE, BF, AF), the modified Gompertz model was a better fit to V. alginolyticus growth in foods than the logistic model. Growth kinetic parameters of V. alginolyticus displayed a higher μ max and shorter λ in briny Tilapia > shrimp > freshwater fish > egg fried rice > scallop > oyster > chicken > pork. It was notable that the V. alginolyticus counts were similar at the stationary phase, with no significant growth behavior difference between raw and cooked foods. However, higher thermostable direct hemolysin activity and hemolytic titer were observed in briny Tilapia > egg fried rice > shrimp > freshwater fish > chicken > scallop > oyster > pork. Conclusion: V. alginolyticus growth was good in all food matrix types tested. Contrary to current belief, V. alginolyticus displayed a higher hemolytic activity in some non-seafoods (freshwater fish, egg fried rice and chicken) than in scallop or oyster. This is the first report of growth and toxicity of V. alginolyticus in non-seafood. This finding will significantly improve the accuracy of microbial risk assessment of V. alginolyticus in different food matrices especially during warmer climatic periods when it is most prevalent.
Optimization Method for an Information Interaction Interface from Error-Cognition to Information Feature Mapping
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Caldwell Sabrina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background - With the rapid development of digital and intelligent information systems, display of visual information in interfaces has become an important challenge in the field of human-computer interaction. Objective- We propose a method for the optimization of information interaction interfaces from error-cognition through the mapping of information characteristics.Method- A mapping method of matrix description is adopted to analyze the association properties between error-cognition sets and design information sets.Results- Based on the mapping relationship between the domains of error-cognition and design information, a cross-correlational analysis is carried out between error-cognition and design information.Conclusion- We obtain the relationship matrix between the error-cognition of correlation between design information and the degree of importance among design information.Application- Taking the task interface of a warfare navigation display as an example, error factors and the features of design information are extracted. Based on the results, we also propose an optimization design scheme for the monitoring task interface.
Addressing the Challenges and Relational Aspects of Index-Linked HIV testing for Children and Adolescents: Insights From The B-GAP Study in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chikwari Chido Dziva , Bernays Sarah , Dringus Stefanie , Simms Victoria , Weiss Helen A , Sibanda Edwin , Kranzer Katharina , Ncube Gertrude , Chikodzore Rudo , Webb Karen , Chirimambowa Trevor , Apollo Tsitsi , Mutseta Miriam , Ferrand Rashida A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Index-linked HIV testing, targeted at sexual contacts or children of individuals with HIV, may improve yield and efficiency. The B-GAP study evaluated index-linked testing approaches in health facility and community-based settings. This paper reports on a qualitative study to understand factors that affect index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents.Methods We conducted four focus group discussions (FGDs) with caregivers who had their children tested through B-GAP and one FGD with providers who offered index-linked HIV testing to indexes. We aimed to understand enabling and inhibiting factors in the decision-making process. Translated and transcribed transcripts were read for familiarisation. Following initial coding, analytical memos were written to identify emerging key themes across the data.Results Caregivers did not have adequate knowledge about the need for, and importance of, paediatric HIV testing. Once the decision to test had been made, access to facilities was sometimes challenging, and alleviated by community-based testing. A key finding was that HIV testing is not a discrete event but a process that was influenced by relationships with other family members and children themselves. These relationships raised complex issues that could prevent or delay the testing process. Conclusion There is a need to improve paediatric HIV literacy and to provide support to caregivers and their families in order to improve testing uptake. Addressing access barriers through the provision of community-based testing and implementing a family centred approach can optimize index-linked testing. Contributions to the literature • Although promoted and recommended by the World Health Organization; index-linked HIV testing for children has not been standard practice in routine HIV care for many countries including Zimbabwe.• Prior this study, no study has evaluated the factors that influence and affect uptake of index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents as reported in our manuscript. • Our findings have the potential to bridge the HIV testing gap for children and optimize index-linked testing, a strategy that has been shown to result in higher yield of HIV when compared to universal testing but where uptake remains suboptimal.
Dietary Supplementation of β-Carotene on Growth Performance, Jejunal Permeability and Tight Junction Proteins in Weaned piglets
Authors: Lang Wuying , Gong Haizhou , Li Ruonan , Wu Min , Chu Qianran , Wang Taiping , zheng xin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Weaning causes stress syndrome in the newborns, while it can lead to many intestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary supplementation of β-carotene on growth performance, jejunal permeability and tight junction proteins in weaned piglets, and explore the underlying mechanisms by which β-carotene regulates tight junction proteins. The positive control group was fed sow's milk throughout the trial. The negative control group was weaned at d 21 without any supplementation. Two experimental groups of piglets were weaned at d 21 and fed 40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg β-carotene-supplemented diets from d 14 to d 24, respectively. Blood and the jejunum were collected at d 24. Results: The results showed that β-carotene at 80 mg/kg increased initial and final body weight and average daily feed intake, improved the villus height at d 24 (p<0.05) but reduced crypt depth in weaned piglets at d 24 (p<0.05). Additionally, β-carotene protected intestinal morphology. Supplemental 80 mg/kg β-carotene reduced the concentrations of D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase in serum (p<0.05) but enhanced the mRNA expression of claudin-3, occludin (p<0.05), and zonula occludens protein-1(p>0.05) and the protein levels of claudin-3 (p<0.01), occludin (p<0.05), and zonula occludens protein-1 (p>0.05) in the jejunum at d 24. Using intestinal epithelial cells and a Rac1 inhibitor in vitro, we demonstrated that the β-carotene-induced higher tight junction proteins might depend on the Rac1 pathway. Conclusions: β-carotene improved growth performance and attenuated jejunal permeability and tight junction proteins in weaned piglets, suggesting that β-carotene at 80 mg/kg may be an effective way for keeping healthier intestine of weaning piglets due to weaning.
Concomitant Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus Are Independently Associated with Cardiovascular Events and Hospitalization for Heart Failure after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Aung Aye-Thandar , Koo Chieh-Yang , Tam Wilson W , Chen Zhengfeng , Kristanto William , Sim Hui-Wen , Kojodjojo Pipin , Kofidis Theodoros , Lee Chi-Hang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSleep apnea is a prevalent condition and an indicator of a poor outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Previous studies have not explored the relative and combined effects of sleep apnea with diabetes mellitus (DM) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing CABG.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of data from the SABOT study, 1007 patients were reclassified into four groups based on their sleep apnea and DM statuses, yielding 295, 218, 278, and 216 patients in the sleep apnea (+) DM (+), sleep apnea (+) DM (−), sleep apnea (−) DM (+), and sleep apnea (−) DM (−) groups, respectively. The primary end point was a major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), which encompasses cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, and unplanned revascularization. Hospitalization for heart failure was a key secondary end point.ResultsAfter a mean follow-up period of 2.1 years, the crude incidence of MACCEs was 18% in the sleep apnea (+) DM (+), 11% in the sleep apnea (+) DM (−), 13% in the sleep apnea (−) DM (+), and 5% in the sleep apnea (−) DM (−) groups. Using sleep apnea (−) DM (−) as the reference group, a Cox regression analysis indicated that sleep apnea (+) and DM (+) independently predicted MACCEs (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.7–6.2; p = 0.005) and hospitalization for heart failure (adjusted hazard ratio, 12.6; 95% confidence interval, 3.0–52.3; p < 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and excessive daytime sleepiness.ConclusionSleep apnea and DM have independent negative effects on the prognosis of patients undergoing non-emergent CABG.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identification no. NCT02701504
RNF180 Suppresses Methylation of ADAMTS9 DNA Promotor by Ubiquitinating DNMT3A Inhibiting Metastasis in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sun Weilin , Deng Jingyu , Ma Gang , Zhang Li , Wang Pengliang , Liu Huifang , Zhang Nannan , Wu Zizhen , Dong Yinping , Cai Fenglin , Chen Liqiao , Zhao Zhenzhen , Liang Han 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: A disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 9 (ADAMTS9) is hypermethylated and inhibits the proliferation of various cancers. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of ADAMTS9 was associated with the lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) and elucidated the down- and upstream molecular pathways in GC progression.METHODS: The study explored the expression level, biological function, clinical application, and involved molecular mechanism of ADAMTS9 in GC.RESULTS: In 135 GC tissue samples, ADAMTS9 expression level was significantly correlated with the pN stage, the number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs), and the overall survival of patients with GC. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ADAMTS9 attenuated the viability and motile capacity of GC cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that ADAMTS9 significantly inhibited the transcription of C–C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5)/C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11). This effect impaired the migration and invasion in GC cells. This study revealed that the hypermethylation level in the promotor of ADAMTS9 gene was mainly mediated by DNA-methyltransferase(DNMT) 3A, which reduces ADAMTS9 expression in GC. Ring finger protein (RNF) 180 could promote DNMT3Aubiquitination and degradation, thereby restoring the ADAMTS9 expression in GC cells.CONCLUSIONS: ADAMTS9 expression is restored by the RNF180 via suppressing the promotor methylation of the ADAMTS9 gene. ADAMTS9 inhibits metastasis and improves the prognosis of patients with GC via CCL5/CXCL11-dependent pathway. Thus, ADAMTS9 should be considered as a predictor of LN metastasis and a therapeutic target in GC.
Predictions of Current and Future Episodic Memory Using Gay Matter Volume and Functional Connectome: A Longitudinal Study in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients
Authors: Wang Zan , Shu Hao , Liu Duan , Su Fan , Xie Chunming , Cui Zaixu , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients are considered an at-risk group for progression to Alzheimer’s dementia and accurate prediction of aMCI progression could facilitate the optimal decision-making for both clinicians and patients. Based on the baseline whole-brain grey-matter volume (GMV) and resting-state functional connectivity (FC), we used relevance vector regression to predict the baseline and longitudinal Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall (AVLT-DR) scores of individual aMCI patients.Methods: Fifty aMCI patients completed baseline and 3-year follow-up visits. All patients underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments and multimodal brain MRI scans.Results: We found that the GMV pattern predicted the baseline AVLT-DR score, while the pattern of FC predicted the longitudinal AVLT-DR score. In particular, GMV predicted the baseline AVLT-DR score with an accuracy of r = 0.54 (P < 0.001); the regions that contributed the most were within the default mode (e.g., the posterior cingulate gyrus, angular gyrus and middle temporal gyrus) and limbic systems (e.g., the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus). The FC predicted the longitudinal AVLT-DR score with an accuracy of r = 0.50 (P < 0.001), and the connections that contributed the most were the within- and between-system connectivity of the default mode and limbic systems. As a complement, we demonstrated that the GMV and FC patterns could also effectively predict the baseline and longitudinal composite episodic memory scores (calculated by averaging three well-known episodic memory test scores).Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the multimodal brain features in the individualized prediction of aMCI patients’ current and future episodic memory performance. These “neural fingerprints” have the potential to be biomarkers for aMCI patients and can help medical professionals optimize individual patient management and longitudinal evaluation.
Public Interest in Raynaud’s Phenomenon: A Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Wang Yuanzhuo , Zhang Hanlin , Zheng Qingyue , Tang Keyun , Sun Qiuning 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Raynaud’s phenomenon is a common disorder affecting body extremities. As infodemiological methods developed, online search tools could be used to explore the public interest of the disease. The study aimed to determine the annual trend, seasonal pattern, and associated topics of Raynaud’s phenomenon.Methods: Google Trends was used to collect the data. “Raynaud syndrome” was selected as the search term. Data on monthly relative search volume (RSV) were collected from 4 selected countries (United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand) and globally. Related topics were obtained, and annual related topics were also collected for analysis.Results: The maximum RSV appeared in January 2019, and the minimum value was observed in August 2011. The peak for RSV occurred in winter, and the bottom appeared in summer. In top related topics, “Maurice Raynaud” was the most related. In rising related topics, disease manifestations and autoimmune connective diseases were highly concerned. For annual related topics, associated diseases were attracting more attention over time.Conclusions: The population is interested in related diseases, pathogenesis, and treatment. There was a peak in winter for searching and revealed that there might be a positive correlation between disease attack and seasonal variation.
Enterococcus Faecium Modulates the Gut Microflora of Broilers and Enhances Phosphorus Absorption and Utilization
Authors: wang weiwei , Cai Huiyi , Zhang Anrong , Chen Zhimin , Chang Wenhuan , Liu Guohua , Deng Xuejuan , Bryden Wayne L. , Zheng Aijuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The modern broiler or meat chicken has ongoing bone health problems. Phosphorus (P) plays an important role in bone development and increased understanding of P metabolism should improve the skeletal health of broilers. Enterococcus faecium has been widely used as a probiotic in broiler production and shown to improve skeletal health of rats; but its effect on the bones of broilers remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of E. faecium on P absorption and utilization in broilers and associated changes in the gut microflora using 16S rDNA sequencing.Results: Dietary supplementation with E. faecium improved P absorption through up-regulation of the expression of intestinal NaP-IIb mRNA, and increased the concentration of serum alkaline phosphatase. These actions increased P retention and bone mineralization in E. faecium treated broilers. The positive effects of E. faecium on P metabolism were associated with changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota. There was increased relative abundance of the following genera, Alistipes, Eubacterium, Rikenella and Ruminococcaceae, and a decrease in the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Escherichia-Shigella. Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with E. faecium changed gut microbiota structure of broilers, increased the relative abundance of SCFA (short chain fatty acid) producing bacteria, improved intestinal P absorption, bone forming metabolic activities, and decreased P excretion. E. faecium facilitates increased utilisation of P in broilers.
Molecular Identification of Commercial Fish Maws using mtDNA 16S rRNA Nucleotide Sequences
Authors: Zhang Jinju , Deng Qiuting , Li Nanxin , Liu Xindan , Wu Menghua , Ma Zhiguo , Zhang Ying , Cao Hui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Fish maws (dried swim bladders of fish) have long been used as a medicinal material and valuable tonic food which are very popular in Southeast Asia. It is difficult to identify the original species of fish maws sold on the market due to a lack of taxonomic characteristics. The present study aims to investigate the origin of commercial fish maws using DNA sequencing based on a partial sequence of the mtDNA 16S rRNA gene.Methods: Mitochondrial genomic DNA was extracted from a total of 44 individual fish maw samples collected from different markets by a QIAamp® DNA Mini Kit. The fragments of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified by PCR and bidirectionally sequenced using an ABI 3730 genetic analyser. Sequence assembly was performed with DNASTAR SeqMan software, and the resulting sequence was compared with reference sequences in GenBank using BLAST. Interspecific divergence and intraspecific variation were calculated by the Kimura 2-parameter model. Sample sequences were clustered in MEGA 6 using a neighbour-joining tree.Results: Forty-two of 44 fish maw samples were sequenced successfully. Fourteen taxa matched known fish species in the DNA sequence database, and 10 of them were supported by high homogeneity (99-100%). According to the results, 88% of the total samples belonged to family Sciaenidae. The clustering and genetic distance results, including in-group divergence and out-group divergence, indicated conﬁdence in species identiﬁcations. Moreover, there was no strict correspondence between the commercial names provided by traders and the origin of the fish maws. This study also found a probable correlation between the molecular characteristics and morphological features of fish maws from croakers and non-croakers.Conclusion: In this study, DNA sequencing based on mtDNA 16S rRNA was carried out successfully to identify the origin of ~95% of the samples. This result indicated that 16S rRNA is a suitable barcode for identifying fish maws. The identification results allowed us to learn more about the fish species available in the fish maw market in Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Great Bay. In addition, the association between trade category and species found in this study provides both consumers and merchants with an important reference for identifying the origin of fish maws.
Risk factors for discontinuation of exclusive breast feeding within 1 month: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yasuda Shun , Fukuda Toma , Toba Naoya , Kamo Norihito , Yokochi Nidori , Okawara Tomoko , Takano Seiko , Yoshida Hideko , Kobayashi Nobuko , Kudo Shingo , Miyazaki Kyohei , Hosoya Mamiko , Sato Kenichi , Takano Kei , Oda Shinichiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background While breastfeeding provides both optimal nutrition for infants and health benefits for the mother, many women either do not breastfeed or terminate breastfeeding earlier than recommended. The aim of this analysis was to identify factors associated with early discontinuation of breastfeeding in Japanese women. Methods This study utilized medical records from the Iwase General Hospital in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan to assess cessation of breastfeeding by the 1-month postpartum appointment. Demographic, medical, and family predictors among 734 women who had initiated breastfeeding during their delivery hospital stay were examined, and multiple logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Results In bivariate analysis, women who were primipara, unmarried, smoked before pregnancy, were exposed to secondhand smoke, employed, or had asthma were more likely to discontinue exclusive breastfeeding. Infant factors associated with discontinuation were lower birthweight, earlier gestational age, neonatal intensive care unit admission, treatment for jaundice, or lower weight gain. In multivariable analysis, primiparity, smoking before pregnancy, maternal employment and neonatal jaundice therapy remained associated with discontinuation of breastfeeding. Conclusions Several maternal factors are associated with discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding. In particular, women who smoke before pregnancy may need to be targeted for additional support of breastfeeding.