bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral and Bacterial Pneumonia Detection using Artificial Intelligence in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Ozsoz Mehmet , Ibrahim Abdullahi Umar , Serte Sertan , Al-Turjman Fadi , Yakoi Polycarp Shizawaliyi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 on the eve of January 2020 has led to global crisis around the world. The disease was declared pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) in mid-March. Currently the outbreak has affected more than 150 countries with more than 20 million confirmed cases and more than 700,000 death tolls. The standard method for detection of COVID-19 is the Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) which is less sensitive, expensive and required specialized health expert. As the number of cases continue to grow, there is high need for developing rapid screening method that is accurate, fast and cheap. Methods: We proposed the use of Deep Learning approach based on Pretrained AlexNet Model for classification of COVID-19, non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia and normal Chest X-rays Images (CXR) scans obtained from different public databases. Result and Conclusion: For non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia and healthy datasets, the model achieved 94.43% accuracy, 98.19% Sensitivity and 95.78% Specificity. For bacterial pneumonia and healthy datasets, the model achieved 91.43% accuracy, 91.94% sensitivity and 100% Specificity. For COVID-19 pneumonia and healthy CXR images, the model achieved 99.16% accuracy, 97.44% sensitivity and 100% Specificity. For classification of COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia, the model achieved 99.62% accuracy, 90.63% sensitivity and 99.89% Specificity. For multiclass datasets the model achieved 94.00% accuracy, 91.30% sensitivity and 84.78% specificity for COVID-19, bacterial pneumonia and healthy. For 4 classes (COVID-19, non-COVID-19 viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia and healthy, the model achieved accuracy of 93.42%, sensitivity of 89.18% and specificity of 98.92%.
Acceleration of Pelvic Tissue Construction by Overexpression of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in the Stem Cells
Authors: Wu Xiaotong , Jia Yuanyuan , Wang Shiyan , Wang Jiaqi , Sun Xiuli , Wang Jianliu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common debilitating condition affecting about 30–40% of women. The application of stem cells therapy and growth factor has greatly promoted the development of pelvic tissue engineering, which remains a promising approach, but there is no consensus on the therapeutic mechanism of stem cells and the application of growth factors. Stem cells were mainly used as seed cells to differentiate into target tissue cells, fuse with target tissue after transplantation and paracrine effect to play a therapeutic role in pelvic tissue engineering. However, whether stem cells can be differentiated into target tissue cells is still to be a question,in this regard, the contemporary trend is to investigated the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as the seed cells of pelvic tissue engineering on the repair of POP and the underlying mechanisms.Methods In the present study,we evaluated the therapeutic potential of gene-modified ADSC that overexpress basic fibroblast growth factor（bFGF）and evaluated its effects on paracrine function and directional differentiation ability.Results The results showed that following ADSCs are designed to continuously release controllable levels of growth factors during the control period of repair, taking advantage of the paracrine function of stem cells to accelerate cell growth and extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstruction during the early stage of stem cell implantation, and then stem cells are differentiated into target tissues-fibroblasts to accelerate the reconstruction of pelvic floor tissues.Conclusions We suggest that the observed effects are determined by pleiotropic effects of bFGF, along with the multifactorial paracrine action of ADSC which remain viable and functionally active within the engineered cell construct.Thus, we demonstrated the high therapeutic potential of the utilized approach for pelvic tissue engineering.
APOE ε4 Allele Modulates The Differential Effects of Education on Cognition in Alzheimer’s Continuum: The SILCODE Study
Authors: Chen Guanqun , Yang Kun , Han Ying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Elders with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in the absence of objective cognitive impairment are at increased risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous study has reported that higher education was associated with better performance in cognitive performance in elderly people with SCD. However, it is not clear whether there is a differential effect of education on cognition between healthy controls (HC), individuals with SCD and patients with cognitive impairment (CI).Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that included 186 HC, 279 SCD subjects and 79 patients with CI from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE) project. A series of neuropsychological tests of memory, executive, language, and general cognitive function were used to assess the subjects cognitive performance. We performed multiple linear regression models to examine the effect of education on neuropsychological test scores in the total sample and then described differences in the effect according to three different groups. In addition, we presented the effect of education on total test score expressed as a global composite z-scores in the total sample and three different groups, respectively. Furthermore, we examined whether apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE ε4) status would regulate the effect of education on the global composite score among three different groups.Results: Education has a positive effect on cognition in the total sample. Stratification for different groups showed that the positive effect of education on cognition is found in HC and SCD group, while education has a negative effect on cognition in the CI group. Furthermore, we found the APOE ε4 allele does not modify the positive effect of education on cognition in the HC group, but the APOE ε4 allele weaken that beneficial effect in the SCD group and maintain the negative effect in the CI group.Conclusions: High education may delay the progression from SCD to cognitive impairment and yield differential effects on cognition across the spectrum of AD. Furthermore, that differential effects are subjected to modulation by the APOE ε4 status.
Modelling the Global Air Quality Conditions in Perspective of COVID-19 Stimulated Lockdown Periods Using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Talukdar Swapan , Mahato Susanta , Pal Swades , Debanshi Sandipta , Shahfahad  , Das Priyanka , Rahman Atiqur 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 outbreak across the world has invited forced lockdown conditions, which causes a huge economic landslide. But it has brought an opportunity for restoring the environment of its own which may cause ecosystem well-being. Focusing on the second issue, the present work has intended to explore the streams of air quality change based on some quality components and develop a multi-date air quality state (AQS) model for the world in consequence of emergency lockdown. It is very clear from the result that amid lockdown aerosol optical depth (AOD), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM2.5), and black carbon (BC) concentration level have been significantly reduced in fully lockdown countries. AQS is considerably improved amid lockdown. Hotspots of COVID-19 were under unhealthy, very unhealthy air quality class in pre lockdown condition, but amid lockdown, these countries have been shifted to good and moderate healthy air quality classes
Coronavirus Disease 2019 is Threatening Stroke Care Systems: Challenge and Management
Authors: Xin Jiawei , Huang Xuanyu , Liu Changyun , Huang Yun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the stroke care systems have been seriously affected because of social restrictions and other reasons. As the pandemic spreads further to global, it is of great significant to understand how COVID-19 affect the stroke care systems.

Methods

We retrospectively studied the real-world data of one comprehensive stroke center in China from January to February, 2020, and compared it with the same period in 2019. We analyzed time from stroke onset to admission, severity, effect after treatment, hospital stays, cost of hospitalization, etc., and correlation among them.

Results

We observed a great extension of the onset-to-door time of stroke patients during the pandemic. The degree of neurological deficit of the patients was significantly higher, both admission and discharge. Longer onset-to-door time and higher degree of neurological deficit were significantly correlated with longer hospital stays and higher medical burden.

Conclusions

COVID-19 pandemic is threatening the stroke care systems. Measures must be taken to minimize the collateral damage caused by COVID-19.
Long Non-Coding RNA BC040587 is Required in&nbsp;Cell Invasion of Renal Cancer Induced by Acidosis
Authors: Zhou Yang , Dong Di , Yao Qin , chen binghai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: It is well known that aggressive growth and metastasis of tumors are strengthened in acidic environments of cancer. Whether Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is involved in this process is still unknown and has never been reported in renal cell cancer(RCC).Methods: We determined the invasion ability of 786-O and 769P cells upon acidosis. Then LncRNA profiling was used to figure out the potential acidosis-related LncRNAs. We then knocked out the LncRNA (BC040587) to investigate its role in acidosis-induced cell invasion. AKT/mTOR ,MEK/ERK pathway as well as pMDM2 were analyzed to uncover the cell signaling induced by BC040587 upon acidosis. Clinical features were also carefully analyzed.Results: Acidosis elevated the level of Snail and induced cell invasions in RCC. BC040587 was required in this process as the increased cell invasion could be abolished by knockout of BC040587. Acidosis activated AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathway in a BC040587-dependent manner. MDM2 could be the downstream of BC040587, which implicated poorer prognosis in RCC based on the clinical features.Conclusions: BC040587 is required in cell invasion of renal cancer induced by acidosis. The BC040587-AKT/ERK-pMDM2-Snail axis is of vital importance in the development of RCC and is likely to be potential therapeutic target in RCC.
A Multi-Epitope&nbsp;Vaccine Against Sars-Cov-2 Directed Towards the Latin American Population: An Immunoinformatics Approach
Authors: Cuspoca Andrés F. , Díaz Laura L. , Acosta Alvaro F. , Peñaloza Marcela K. , Mendez Yardany R. , Clavijo Diana C. , Reyes Juvenal Yosa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic is a major public health crisis affecting global health systems with dire socioeconomic consequences, especially in vulnerable regions such as Latin America. There is an urgent need for a vaccine to help control contagion, reduce mortality and alleviate social costs. In this study, we propose a rational multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Using bioinformatics, we constructed a library of potential vaccine peptides to predict immunological complexes among antigenic, non-toxic and non-allergenic peptides extracted from the conserved regions of 92 proteomes. We included the most common HLA-I and II molecules in the Latin American population. We also used three-dimensional structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins to identify potential regions for antibody production. The best HLA-I and II predictions (with increased coverage in common alleles and regions evoking B lymphocyte responses) were grouped into an optimised final construct that meets the necessary safety and physicochemical requirements for conducting experimental tests.
Aphelenchus yinyuensis n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) found in Terminalia sp. in China
Authors: Jianfeng Gu , Maria Munawar , Fang Yiwu , Lele Liu , Chen Xianfeng , Cai Bo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
During a nematode biodiversity survey in Hainan Province, China, Aphelenchus yinyuensis n. sp. was detected in the rhizosphere of Terminalia sp. It is characterized by medium-sized a body of adult nematodes, i.e. 793 (639-877) μm and 756 (647-863) μm for females and males, respectively, with low, rounded, not offset lip region. The lateral field has 10 incisures. The excretory pore is located posterior to the nerve ring. The vagina is not sclerotised and the vulva has simple lips without a flap. The PUS is well developed and forms ca 45 to 83% of the vulva to anus distance. Female tail is straight, cylindrical, ca 2.7 times longer than anal body diam, tail tip broad, and bluntly rounded. Males have four pairs of caudal papillae and spicule 28.7 (25.8-32.3) μm long in the chord and well developed bursa, extending to the tail tip. 18S and 28S rRNA phylogenetic analyses were performed for the new species, and the ITS analysis was not performed due to low posterior probability support. Phylogenetically, the new species grouped with Aphelenchus avenae and this is the first new Aphelenchus species ever described from China.
Teaching Science with Intention and Connection
Authors: Tan Poh , Gluck Eduardo 
Published: September 2020

This article focuses on teaching science through Vision I, Vision II and Vision III which is an increasingly important but understudied aspect of science literacy. Dr. Poh Tan and Eduardo Gluck, interviewed Clarah Menezes, an elementary school teacher in Novo Hamburgo in Southern Brazil. Clarah teaches Grades 4-5 within a marginalized community and most of her students have varied levels of literacy and numeracy. Dr. Tan visited Clarah when she went to Brazil in 2018 as a visting scholar. Dr. Tan and Clarah have been working together for the past year on disrupting traditional approaches to teaching science. Clarah’s new approach to teaching science is built on Dr. Tan’s framework that builds upon Roberts and Bybee’s attributes of a scientifically literate person. Dr. Tan’s framework includes a perspective of teaching science from a relational and more than human connection with entities, including animals, nature and material. In this interview, Clarah shares her experiences, struggles and insights into teaching science by applying the three-vision framework.
The Use of Mumsnet by Parents of Young People With Mental Health Needs: Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Croucher Lauren , Mertan Elif , Shafran Roz , Bennett Sophie D 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThere are high rates of mental health needs in children in the United Kingdom, and parents are increasingly seeking help for their children's needs. However, there is not enough access to child and adolescent mental health services and parents are seeking alternative forms of support and information, often from web-based sources. Mumsnet is the largest web-based parenting forum in the United Kingdom, which includes user-created discussions regarding child mental health.ObjectiveThis qualitative investigation aimed to explore the emergent themes within the narratives of posts regarding child mental health on Mumsnet and to extrapolate these themes to understand the purpose of Mumsnet for parents of children and young people with mental health needs.MethodsA total of 50 threads from Mumsnet Talk Child Mental Health were extracted. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 41 threads were analyzed thematically using the framework approach, a form of qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsIn total, 28 themes were extracted and organized into 3 domains. These domains were emotional support, emotional expression, and advice and information. The results suggested that parents of children with mental health needs predominantly use Mumsnet to offer and receive emotional support and to suggest general advice, techniques, and resources that could be applied outside of help from professional services.ConclusionsThis paper discusses the future of health information seeking. Future research is required to establish initiatives in which web-based peer-to-peer support and information can supplement professional services to provide optimum support for parents of children with mental health needs.
Consumer-Grade Wearable Device for Predicting Frailty in Canadian Home Care Service Clients: Prospective Observational Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Kim Ben , McKay Sandra M , Lee Joon 
Published: September 2020

Background
Frailty has detrimental health impacts on older home care clients and is associated with increased hospitalization and long-term care admission. The prevalence of frailty among home care clients is poorly understood and ranges from 4.0% to 59.1%. Although frailty screening tools exist, their inconsistent use in practice calls for more innovative and easier-to-use tools. Owing to increases in the capacity of wearable devices, as well as in technology literacy and adoption in Canadian older adults, wearable devices are emerging as a viable tool to assess frailty in this population.

Objective
The objective of this study was to prove that using a wearable device for assessing frailty in older home care clients could be possible.

Methods
From June 2018 to September 2019, we recruited home care clients aged 55 years and older to be monitored over a minimum of 8 days using a wearable device. Detailed sociodemographic information and patient assessments including degree of comorbidity and activities of daily living were collected. Frailty was measured using the Fried Frailty Index. Data collected from the wearable device were used to derive variables including daily step count, total sleep time, deep sleep time, light sleep time, awake time, sleep quality, heart rate, and heart rate standard deviation. Using both wearable and conventional assessment data, multiple logistic regression models were fitted via a sequential stepwise feature selection to predict frailty.

Results
A total of 37 older home care clients completed the study. The mean age was 82.27 (SD 10.84) years, and 76% (28/37) were female; 13 participants were frail, significantly older (P<.01), utilized more home care service (P=.01), walked less (P=.04), slept longer (P=.01), and had longer deep sleep time (P<.01). Total sleep time (r=0.41, P=.01) and deep sleep time (r=0.53, P<.01) were moderately correlated with frailty. The logistic regression model fitted with deep sleep time, step count, age, and education level yielded the best predictive performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve value of 0.90 (Hosmer-Lemeshow P=.88).

Conclusions
We proved that a wearable device could be used to assess frailty for older home care clients. Wearable data complemented the existing assessments and enhanced predictive power. Wearable technology can be used to identify vulnerable older adults who may benefit from additional home care services.
Telemedicine Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills of Health Care Workers in a Low-Resource Country During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Elhadi Muhammed , Elhadi Ahmed , Bouhuwaish Ahmad , Bin Alshiteewi Fatimah , Elmabrouk Amna , Alsuyihili Ali , Alhashimi Ayiman , Khel Samer , Elgherwi Alsafa , Alsoufi Ahmed , Albakoush Ahmed , Abdulmalik Abdulmuez 
Published: September 2020

Background
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, several health care programs intended to provide telemedicine services have been introduced in Libya. Many physicians have used these services to provide care and advice to their patients remotely.

Objective
This study aimed to provide an overview of physicians’ awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skill in using telehealth services in Libya.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we administered a web-based survey to health care workers in Libya in May 2020. The questionnaire collected information on physicians’ general demographic characteristics, ability to use a computer, and telemedicine awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skills.

Results
Among 673 health care workers who responded to the survey, 377 (56%) and 248 (36.8%) reported high awareness and high computer skill scores, respectively, for telemedicine. Furthermore, 582 (86.5%) and 566 (82.6%) health care workers reported high knowledge and high attitude scores, respectively. We observed no significant differences in awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skill scores among physicians employed at public, private, or both types of hospitals. We observed significant differences in the mean awareness (P<.001), attitude (P=.001), and computer skill scores (P<.001) , where the score distribution of the groups based on the ability to use computers was not similar. Knowledge scores did not significantly differ among the three groups (P=.37). Respondents with professional computer skills had significantly higher awareness (χ23=14.5; P<.001) and attitude (χ23=13.5; P=.001) scores than those without professional computer skills. We observed significant differences in the mean computer skill scores of the groups (χ23=199.6; P<.001).

Conclusions
The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to persist for a long time. Hence, policy programs such as telemedicine services, which aim to address the obstacles to medical treatment owing to physical distancing measures, will likely continue for a long time. Therefore, there is a need to train and support health care workers and initiate government programs that provide adequate and supportive health care services to patients in transitional countries.
SCIENTIFIC FUNGAL REPORT OF MOLDY JEANS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana 
Published: September 2020

Mold are multicelular -microscopic fungi known as heterotrophic-cosmopolitan organism which exist almost at any place in the environment. Textiles, particularly those composed of natural organic such as jeans are easily colonized by mold. Till time, there is no report ever found regarding fungal of moldy jeans in Indonesia. This study aimed to isolate fungi from moldy jeans, identified, and described it. The result revealed that the isolate studied was Chaetomium globosum, by using several macroscopic and microscopic characters. However, since Chaetomium are known as species complex fungi, further observation is needed using molecular approach. Therefore, author consider that the isolate should be treated as Ch. globosum sensu lato for time being. Interestingly, Ch. globosum was frequently reported as endophytic fungi, which pose the potency to be used as biocontrol and bioinducer in agriculture. Further research is needed to test the isolate potency as plant pathogenic biocontrol and plant growth inducer.