bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAT-151 Regulation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Expression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Scully Tiffany , Kase Nathan G , Gallagher Emily Jane , LeRoith Derek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Preclinical models and clinical studies suggest that hypercholesterolemia promotes breast cancer progression 1,2. The expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) has been positively associated with poorer recurrence-free survival in human breast cancer studies 3. Mechanistically, LDLR has been demonstrated to play a role in the increased tumor growth associated with hypercholesterolemia, as knock-down of LDLR led to decreased tumor growth in setting of elevated circulating LDL cholesterol. The aim of this study was to identify factors which up-regulate expression of LDLR in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In glioblastoma, hyper-activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has been associated with greater LDLR expression and susceptibility to targeting of cholesterol metabolism4. As EGFR is frequently expressed in TNBC5, we examined if increased LDLR expression is associated with activation of the EGFR signaling pathway in TNBC. The expression of LDLR in the TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (231) and MDA-MB-468 (468) was examined pre- and post-EGF stimulation of the EGFR and in the presence of chemical inhibitors. Cells were grown in DMEM/10% FBS/1% Pen/strep (P/S), and experiments were performed under reduced serum conditions at 1.25%FBS/DMEM/1%P/S. In the absence of stimulation, LDLR protein expression was 3-fold higher in 231 vs 468 cell lines. This was despite mRNA expression being comparable at baseline, suggesting that the difference in protein expression was post-transcriptionally mediated. Treatment with 10 ng/mL EGF for 2 hours led to an increased activation of the EGFR, phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) in both cell lines but induced an increase in LDLR protein and mRNA expression only in 468 cells. Treatment of 468 cells with EGF after exposure to actinomycin, a transcription inhibitor, revealed that EGF treatment resulted in reduced degradation of LDLR mRNA (p = 0.002) over 3 hours, suggesting that the EGF-induced increase in LDLR expression was by protection of LDLR mRNA from degradation. Chemical inhibition of the ERK pathway with 20 μM UO126 reduced both the EGF-induced increase in LDLR expression in 468 cells (p = 0.015) as well as the high baseline expression of LDLR by half in 231 cells (p = 0.001). Overall our results suggest that the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway regulates LDLR expression in TNBC, supporting the increased anabolic needs of this aggressive, swiftly expanding form of breast cancer.
References: 1Alikhani, N. et al., Oncogene32, 961-967 (2013), 2Pelton, K. et al., Am. J. Pathol.184, 2099-2110 (2014), 3Gallagher, E. J. et al., Oncogene36, 6462-6471 (2017), 4Guo, D. et al., Cancer Discov.1, 442-456 (2011), 5Reis-Filho, J. S. & Tutt, A. N. J. Histopathology52, 108-118 (2008).
SAT-237 Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in a Male with Sarcoidosis
Authors: Matos Tânia , Costa Cristiana , Vale Sónia do , Bugalho Maria Joao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown cause that is characterised by the formation of immune granulomas in various organs, mainly the lungs and the lymphatic system. The clinical involvement of the nervous system occurs in 5 to 15% of the cases. Any part of the nervous system can be affected, with the cranial nerves, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland being the ones most commonly involved. However, hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) manifestations are rare manifestations of sarcoidosis, occurring in &lt;1% of all intrasellar lesions. A 33-year old man was admitted to the emergency room with confusion and cognitive impairment progressively evolving over the past 2 months. The main complains were bilateral headaches, fatigue, adynamia and libido reduction. No visual fields defects were detected. Three months earlier, he had been diagnosed with sarcoidosis with pulmonary and ganglionar involvement, which was confirmed after histopathology analysis of tissue biopsy of the lung and mediastinic lymph nodes. However, the patient remained without any medication. He was admitted to the in-patient department and a brain MRI was performed, which revealed intense infra and supratentorial leptomeningeal enhancement, with involvement of the hypothalamus and optic chiasm. Laboratory evaluation revealed significantly reduced gonadotrophin and testosterone levels (FSH 1.1U/L, LH 0.43U/L, total testosterone 4.5ng/dL), normal prolactin and no other HP hormonal deficits. Clinical diagnosis was consistent with neurosarcoidosis with hypothalamic infiltration resulting in clinical hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The patient initiated systemic therapy with corticosteroid, showing an overall improvement. After the hospital discharge, he started hormonal reposition with testosterone therapy with additional clinical improvement. Pituitary insufficiency is the presenting form of neurosarcoidosis in only 3 to 9% of the cases. Aside from diabetes insipidus and hyperprolactinemia, hypogonadism represents one of the endocrine disorders more frequently associated with HP involvement. Furthermore, hypothalamic sarcoidosis involvement is usually associated with multiple hypothalamic-pituitary deficits, rather than isolated ones. The case reported herein, illustrates a presumptive case of neurosarcoidosis, conducting to an isolated hypothalamic-pituitary axis deficiency. Although rare, HP involvement in neurosarcoidosis is usually associated with permanent endocrine defects. Hence, hypothalamic-pituitary axis evaluation should be performed promptly and long-term management is required.
Ephemerality
Authors: Siddiqi Anooradha 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
What are the politics of ephemerality? In the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees establishment at Dadaab, Kenya, a massive complex of refugee camps near the border of Somalia, the visual and architectural terms of ephemerality—a permanent impermanence—transform the act of seeing. By thinking through one refugee's experience and analyzing urbanism, architectural form and symbolism, and spatial-political organization, this essay suggests that ephemerality plays a part in structuring subjectivity, with implications for the narration of history.
The Urbanism of Racial Capitalism
Authors: Herscher Andrew 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEmerging in British agricultural discourse in the seventeenth century, the term blight moved from agriculture to culture, and so from countryside to city, in the context of the industrializing American city of the early twentieth century. This city housed increasingly large populations of reserve labor and provided increasingly large spaces to accommodate that population. Defined as “blight,” the spaces occupied by reserve labor were expelled from the very system that produced them: those spaces become obstacles to property development, as opposed to products of a disavowed form of de-development. As race has been the principal medium of difference that has legitimized and stabilized the hierarchical social order of industrial capitalism, the management of “blight” also inscribed race in urban space. A long but continuous line therefore connects the political definition of “black”—in terms of an absence of the full rights of persons, from the era of enslavement, through the era of segregation, to the present—with the political definition of “blight” in terms of an absence of full rights to property from the era of urban renewal into present-day austerity urbanism.
Propulsions
Authors: Asher Thomas , Akoth Steve Ouma 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This essay foregrounds mobility in cities in the global South in order to recast our current understanding of how informal settlements function and how residents of these neighborhoods navigate increasingly feral economies. Focusing largely on an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, the piece explores the social worlds animated by mobility, bringing renewed attention to social and spatial practices. These include strategies of economic and social cooperation used by residents to spatially constitute communities, imbue them with meaning, and in the process create ladders to opportunity. The essay also demonstrates that when development agencies and advocates of the urban poor operate without a sociological understanding of the role of mobility, the results can be devastating.
Mis/translation, Colonialism, and Environmental Conflict
Authors: Østmo Liv , Law John 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article describes a colonial encounter in north Norway between Sámi practices for fishing and knowing the natural world, and the conservation policies of state policy makers. In Sámi practices the world is populated by powerful and morally lively human and nonhuman actors. In caring for the land and its lakes in practical ways it is important to sustain respectful relations with those actors. Norwegian environmental policy works differently by distinguishing between nature and culture and seeking to protect landscapes from what it takes to be human interference, so that natural forces can operate unimpeded. The article first explores these two different worldviews and shows how environmental policy imposes restrictions on fishing practices that make it difficult or impossible for Sámi fisherpeople to care for and sustain respectful relations with their lakes. It then reflects on the significance of translation and mistranslation for this encounter, noting that important environmentally relevant Sámi words translate poorly into Norwegian or English, and that the practices that these index are ignored or misunderstood in those translations. In particular, it focuses on the notion of jávredikšun, a key term for Sámi people who fish on inland lakes, and shows that the word indexes environmental actions and realities that translate only with difficulty into English. Finally, it considers the potential political and analytical significance of refusing translations of this and other important environmentally relevant indigenous words.
Panax ginseng Supplementation Increases Muscle Recruitment, Attenuates Perceived Effort, and Accelerates Muscle Force Recovery After an Eccentric-Based Exercise in Athletes
Authors: Cristina-Souza Gislaine , Santos-Mariano Ana C. , Lima-Silva Adriano E. , Costa Poliana L. , Domingos Pablo R. , Silva Sandro F. , Abreu Wilson C. , De-Oliveira Fernando R. , Osiecki Raul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cristina-Souza, G, Santos-Mariano, AC, Lima-Silva, AE, Costa, PL, Domingos, PR, Silva, SF, Abreu, WC, De-Oliveira, FR, and Osiecki, R. Panax Ginseng supplementation increases muscle recruitment, attenuates perceived effort, and accelerates muscle force recovery after an eccentric-based exercise in athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 991–997, 2022—The effect of Panax ginseng during and after an eccentric-based exercise is underexplored. In this study, we investigated the effect of Panax ginseng on muscle force and muscle excitation during an eccentric-based exercise and on subsequent muscle damage and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 10 male track and field athletes consumed Panax ginseng or placebo for 8 days. At the fifth day, they performed 4 sets until concentric failure of a half-squat exercise, with eccentric action increased by using an eccentric-inductor device attached to their knees. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and vastus lateralis electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured during the half-squat. Plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations, DOMS, and maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MIVCs) with EMG recording were measured at 24, 48, and 72 hours after the half-squat. Panax ginseng attenuated RPE and increased EMG during the sets. The MIVC remained reduced 48 hours after exercise in the placebo but returned to baseline 24 hours after exercise in the Panax ginseng, with values at 24 and 48 hours after exercise significantly higher in the Panax ginseng than in the placebo. The EMG during MIVC was higher in the Panax ginseng than in the placebo over the time points. No significant effect of Panax ginseng on LDH, CK, and DOMS was observed. These findings suggest that Panax ginseng increases muscle excitation and attenuates perceived effort during an eccentric-based exercise as well as accelerates the recovery of muscle force in well-trained athletes.
Strength and Conditioning Practices of Head Coaches of Male and Female Interscholastic Sport Teams
Authors: Shurley Jason P. , Ednie Andrea J. , Rudebeck Trent J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Shurley, JP, Ednie, AJ, and Rudebeck, TJ. Strength and conditioning practices of head coaches of male and female interscholastic sport teams. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1894–1902, 2020—In a 1989 position paper, the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) recommended that male and female athletes be trained in a similar manner with regard to modalities and program design. To determine whether that recommendation is being followed, this study examined training practices of coaches of male and female athletes at the interscholastic level. Electronic surveys regarding strength training practices were distributed to head coaches of boys' football, basketball, soccer, and baseball and girls' volleyball, basketball, soccer, and softball in the states of Texas and Wisconsin. Overall, 85% of coaches (n = 85) reported that they require their athletes to strength train. There was no difference in whether strength training was required based on athlete sex (X2 = 0.16, df = 1, p = 0.69) or the sex of the coach (X2 = 0.63, df = 1, p = 0.43). The majority (67%) of teams strength trained once weekly during the season and 21% trained twice weekly. In the off-season, only 12% of teams trained once weekly, whereas 44% of teams strength trained 2 times per week and 29% 3 times weekly. The most common types of lift performed for both sexes were “bodyweight exercises,” followed by “dumbbell presses,” bench press, back squats, and front squats. Both female and male athletes trained most commonly at 4–8 repetition and 9–12 repetition ranges. In contrast to previous studies and in accordance with the NSCA recommendation, it seems that the high school coaches surveyed in this work largely train male and female athletes in a similar fashion with regard to training frequency, intensity, and modalities.
Intervention for Reducing Sleep Disturbances After a 12-Time Zone Transition
Authors: Hoshikawa Masako , Uchida Sunao , Dohi Michiko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hoshikawa, M, Uchida, S, and Dohi, M. Intervention for reducing sleep disturbances after a 12-time zone transition. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1803–1807, 2020—The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an intervention consisting of bright light exposure, sleep schedule shifts, and ramelteon on sleep disturbances after a transition of 12 time zones. Two groups, which flew from Tokyo to Rio, participated in this study. The experimental group received the treatment, whereas the control group did not receive any treatment. The experimental group members were exposed to bright light at night and their sleep-wake schedules were gradually delayed for 4 days before their flight. They also took 8 mg of ramelteon once a day for 5 days from the day of their first flight. Both groups departed Tokyo at 14:05, transiting through Frankfurt and arriving in Rio at 05:05. In Rio, it was recommended that they go to bed earlier than usual if they experienced sleepiness. Nocturnal sleep variables measured by wristwatch actigraphy and subjective morning tiredness were compared between groups. Statistical analysis revealed shorter sleep onset latencies (SOLs) in the experimental group (p < 0.01). The SOLs in Rio were 7.7 ± 2.5 minutes for the experimental group and 16.3 ± 3.7 minutes for the control group (d = 0.89, effect size: large). Sleep efficiency for the first 3 nights in Rio was 88.5 ± 1.2% for the experimental group and 82.9 ± 3.0% for the control group (p < 0.01, d = 1.09, effect size: large). These results suggest that the intervention reduced sleep disturbances in Rio. Our intervention may increase the options for conditioning methods for athletic events requiring time zone transitions.
Aprender y enseñar con recursos TIC: experiencias innovadoras en la formación docente universitaria
Authors: Canales García Alba , Fernández Valverde Marvin , Ulate Solís Gaby 
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo comprende el fundamento teórico aportado por las personas autoras en el campo del uso de Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la formación docente y la pertinencia de estos recursos en el ámbito de la enseñanza-aprendizaje universitaria, en la División de Educología (DE) del Centro de Investigación en Docencia (CIDE) de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA), Campus Omar Dengo, en Heredia. Se identificaron, a partir la aplicación de varios instrumentos, las necesidades que en materia de TIC se tienen. En este proceso, se pretendió valorar la pertinencia de implementar herramientas tecnológicas en los procedimientos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, en la formación de profesionales universitarios, así como identificar necesidades en la utilización adecuada de las TIC empleadas en la División de Educología; también, proponer diferentes instrumentos que propicien un mejor aprendizaje y beneficien la dinámica de trabajo en los cursos impartidos. Se obtuvieron resultados, a partir de los recursos TIC, a saber: blog, buscadores web, aula virtual, videos, base de datos, herramientas de almacenamiento en la nube de Google Drive y redes sociales. Además, se reflexiona sobre las finalidades pedagógicas de las TIC, la motivación, cómo despertar y mantener el interés de los alumnos de guiar e informar.
Levetiracetam Versus Phenobarbital for Neonatal Seizures: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sharpe Cynthia , Reiner Gail E. , Davis Suzanne L. , Nespeca Mark , Gold Jeffrey J. , Rasmussen Maynard , Kuperman Rachel , Harbert Mary Jo , Michelson David , Joe Priscilla , Wang Sonya , Rismanchi Neggy , Le Ngoc Minh , Mower Andrew , Kim Jae , Battin Malcolm R. , Lane Brian , Honold Jose , Knodel Ellen , Arnell Kathy , Bridge Renee , Lee Lilly , Ernstrom Karin , Raman Rema , Haas Richard H. ,   FOR THE NEOLEV2 INVESTIGATORS
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
There are no US Food and Drug Administration–approved therapies for neonatal seizures. Phenobarbital and phenytoin frequently fail to control seizures. There are concerns about the safety of seizure medications in the developing brain. Levetiracetam has proven efficacy and an excellent safety profile in older patients; therefore, there is great interest in its use in neonates. However, randomized studies have not been performed. Our objectives were to study the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam compared with phenobarbital as a first-line treatment of neonatal seizures.

METHODS:
The study was a multicenter, randomized, blinded, controlled, phase IIb trial investigating the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam compared with phenobarbital as a first-line treatment for neonatal seizures of any cause. The primary outcome measure was complete seizure freedom for 24 hours, assessed by independent review of the EEGs by 2 neurophysiologists.

RESULTS:
Eighty percent of patients (24 of 30) randomly assigned to phenobarbital remained seizure free for 24 hours, compared with 28% of patients (15 of 53) randomly assigned to levetiracetam (P &lt; .001; relative risk 0.35 [95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.56]; modified intention-to-treat population). A 7.5% improvement in efficacy was achieved with a dose escalation of levetiracetam from 40 to 60 mg/kg. More adverse effects were seen in subjects randomly assigned to phenobarbital (not statistically significant).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this phase IIb study, phenobarbital was more effective than levetiracetam for the treatment of neonatal seizures. Higher rates of adverse effects were seen with phenobarbital treatment. Higher-dose studies of levetiracetam are warranted, and definitive studies with long-term outcome measures are needed.
Haematological and biochemical reference intervals in healthy racing and retired Italian Greyhounds
Authors: Scarpa Paola , Ruggerone Beatrice , Gironi Sara , Vitiello Tiziana , Paltrinieri Saverio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn view of the enormous variability of dog breeds, breed-specific reference intervals (RIs) are recommended for use in veterinary clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to determine whether RIs of the general canine population may be applied to the Italian Greyhound (Piccoli Levrieri Italiani or PLI), and to generate breed-specific RIs, where appropriate. Sixty-three privately owned clinically healthy fasted dogs were examined. Routine haematology and biochemistry were performed on 58 enrolled patients using the ADVIA 120 haematology analyzer and the Cobas Mira system, respectively. Changes in haematological and biochemical parameters depending on sex, age and attitude (resting vs. running dogs) were investigated. The results of PLI were compared with the RIs of the general canine population. In those cases in which these RIs were not validated, new RIs were generated according to the guidelines of the American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Pre-existing RIs were considered valid based on the recommendations by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). RIs were higher for mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), cell haemoglobin concentration mean (CHCM) and lower for large unstained cells (LUC). A wider discrepancy between pre-existing and newly established RIs was found for some ADVIA parameters regarding red blood cell (RBC) or reticulocyte morphology. For total protein and cholesterol the new RIs were wider than the pre-existing ones, while albumin, calcium and iron were higher. This study suggests that most of the RIs published in veterinary textbooks cannot be validated for PLIs.
Two different indications of ventriculoperitoneal and cystoperitoneal shunting in six dogs
Authors: Lehner László , Czeibert Kálmán , Nagy Gábor 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study we described two different indications of ventriculo- and cystoperitoneal shunting (VPS, CPS) procedures in six dogs, including their clinical data and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. One dog had moderate and two dogs had severe congenital hydrocephalus, one was presented with intracranial pressure elevation due to meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) associated with congenital hydrocephalus, and two with quadrigeminal cysts (QC). VPS procedures were done in four and CPS in two dogs, using low-pressure valve systems. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 6 months and control MRI scans were also made. Significant improvement was detected in five cases during the short-term follow-up period (1 month) and in four cases in the medium-term follow-up (2–6 months). Major complications were found in two cases: one dog with acute-hypertensive hydrocephalus died one week after surgery, and in another case development of a chronic subdural haematoma and hygroma caused death 3 months after the surgery. Minor complications (e.g. subdural hygroma) were found in two cases. In cases of severe hydrocephalus a higher-pressure valve system is recommended in order to prevent subdural hygroma. In cases of intracranial cyst a low-pressure valve is used because the cyst is an altered area inside the skull and its complete reduction is recommended. Transient postoperative clinical signs usually resolve within one week after the surgery.