bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-Sequential Change in Immune-Related Gene Expression After Irradiation in Glioblastoma: Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Kim Yi-Jun , Kim Kwangsoo , Seo Soo Yeon , Yu Juyeon , Kim Il Han , Kim Hak Jae , Park Chul-Kee , Lee Kye Hwa , Choi Junjeong , Song Myung Seon , Kim Jin Ho 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The time-sequential change in immune-related gene expression of the glioblastoma cell line after irradiation was evaluated to speculate the effect of combined immunotherapy with radiotherapy. The U373 MG glioblastoma cell line was irradiated with 6 Gy single dose. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome data was generated before irradiation (control), and at 6, 24, and 48 hours post-irradiation. Immune-related pathways were analyzed at each time period. The same analyses were also performed for A549 lung cancer and U87 MG glioblastoma cell lines. Western blotting confirmed the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels over time. In the U373 MG cell line, neutrophil-mediated immunity, type I interferon signaling, antigen cross-presentation to T cell, and interferon-γ signals began to increase significantly at 24 hours and were upregulated until 48 hours after irradiation. The results were similar to those of the A549 and U87 MG cell lines. Without T cell infiltration, PD-L1 did not increase even with upregulated interferon-γ signaling in cancer cells. In conclusions, In the glioblastoma cell line, immune-related signals were significantly upregulated at 24 hours after irradiation. Therefore, the time interval between daily radiotherapy might not be enough to expect full immune responses by combined immune checkpoint inhibitors and newly infiltrating immune cells after irradiation.
Surgery and Financial Toxicity are Risk Factors for Distress in Cancer Survivors: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yu Huihui , Zuo Tingting , Bi Xue , Li Hui , Xing Haiyang , Cao Li , Cai Lijuan , Sun Jianmin , Liu Yunyong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with cancer often face some level of distress, regardless of disease stage. Distress in cancer survivors has a negative impact on their quality of life. The goal of this study was to identify risk factors for distress, under­stand how treatment associated with distress and reveal the relationship between the psychological and financial distress. Methods: This was a multi-center cross-sectional study of patients with cancer requiring surgery or chemotherapy. Patients completed questionnaires regarding their demographics, disease characteristics, psychological distress, and financial toxicity. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine factors associated with distress in surgical versus chemotherapy treatment groups.Results: A total of 409 patients participated in the study. Patients treated with surgery (n = 172) were more likely to be female, unemployed, early stage compared with patients undergoing chemotherapy (n = 237). Multivariable analysis revealed that surgical patients tended to have a higher risk of distress compared with patients receiving chemotherapy (OR, 95% CI: 3.086, 1.854–5.137) due to higher rates of nervousness, pain, and difficulty with bathing/dressing, and patients with high financial toxicity had a higher risk of distress compared with those with low financial toxicity (OR, 95% CI: 2.000, 1.278–3.130). The relationship between financial toxicity and psychological distress was stronger in the chemotherapy group, with the correction coefficient -0.294 and slope -1.196. Conclusion: Patients who underwent surgery and reported higher financial toxicity were more likely to experience distress. Multidimensional distress screening and psychosocial interventions should be provided pre- and post-operatively for patients.
High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Malaria in Bandafassi, South-east of Senegal: Challenge for Malaria Elimination
Authors: Sadikh Badiane Aida , NDIAYE Tolla , Birane Thiaw Alphonse , Binta Deme Awa , Alpha Diallo Mamadou , Cheikh Seck Mame , Khadim Diongue , Garba Mamane Nassirou , Mouhamadou Ndiaye , Daouda Ndiaye 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria control and elimination strategies are based on levels of transmission that are usually determined by data collected from health facilities. In endemic areas, asymptomatic malaria is thought to represent the majority of infections and is therefore not diagnosed nor treated. As a consequence, they are missed when analyzing data due to the lack of visiting the health facilities unless they are sick. Therefore, there might be an underestimation of the malaria prevalence resulting in inadequate control strategies. In addition, these untreated asymptomatic cases maintain transmission making it difficult or impossible to reach malaria elimination goals. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in southeastern Senegal. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among asymptomatic individuals (N = 122) living in the village of Andiel located in Bandafassi, Kedougou which consisting of about 200 inhabitants during the malaria transmission season in late October 2019. For each individual without malaria symptoms and who consented to participate in the study, a rapid diagnosis test (RDT) was performed in the field. Results were confirmed in the laboratory with nested PCR and photo-induced electron transfer (PET-PCR). Results: Malaria prevalence was 70.25% with PET-PCR, 41.80% with RDT and 41.32% based on the nested PCR. The majority of the study population; 92.94% was infected with a single species (mono-infection) and 7.06% had two or three species of Plasmodium. P. falciparum was predominant and represented 90.22% of the infections, while 6.52% were due to P. ovale and 3.26% to P. malariae. RDT detected more malaria cases than nested PCR among children and in individuals aged fifteen years and older; PET-PCR detected more cases (64.70%) than nested PCR (62%) and RDT (52.94%) in this age group.Conclusion: Asymptomatic infection is a threat to malaria elimination. In southeastern Senegal, where the transmission is the highest in the country, malaria control strategies should address asymptomatic cases at the community level. This high prevalence of asymptomatic malaria observed suggests that this area is eligible for mass drug administration. Moreover, non-falciparum species could be more common and its prevalence should be determined countrywide.
Diversity, Distribution, and Drivers of Polychromophilus Infection in Malagasy Bats
Authors: Rasoanoro Mercia , Goodman Steven M. , Randrianarivelojosia Milijaona , Rakotondratsimba Mbola , Dellagi Koussay , Tortosa Pablo , Ramasindrazana Beza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve knowledge on apicomplexan parasites infecting vertebrates, including humans. Of these parasites, the genus Plasmodium has been most extensively studied because of its socio-economic and public health impacts. In non-human vertebrates, studies on malaria or malaria-like groups have been conducted but information is far from complete. On Madagascar, recent studies on bat blood parasites indicate that three families, namely Miniopteridae, Rhinonycteridae, and Vespertilionidae, are infected by the genus Polychromophilus with pronounced host specificity: Miniopterus spp. harbor P. melanipherus, while Myotis goudoti is infected by P. murinus. However, most of the individuals analyzed in these previous studies were sampled on the western and central portions of the island. The aims of this study are 1) to add new information on bat blood parasites in eastern Madagascar and 2) highlight biotic and abiotic variables driving prevalence across the island. Results: In total, 222 individuals belonging to 17 bat species were analyzed. Polychromophilus infections were identified in two families: Miniopteridae and Vespertilionidae. Molecular data showed that Polychromophilus spp. parasitizing Malagasy bats form a monophyletic group composed of three distinct clades displaying marked host specificity. In addition to P. melanipherus and P. murinus, hosted by Miniopterus spp. and Myotis goudoti, respectively, we report a novel Polychromophilus lineage detected from a single individual of S. robustus. Based on the present study and the literature, different biotic and abiotic factors are shown to influence Polychromophilus infection in bats, which is correlated based on MaxEnt modeling. Conclusion: The present study improves our knowledge on Polychromophilus infecting Malagasy bats and highlights the existence of a novel Polychromophilus lineage. Additional studies are needed to get additional representatives of this novel lineage to resolve its taxonomic relationship with known members of the genus. Further, the transmission mode of Polychromophilus in bats as well as its potential effect on bat populations should be investigated to complement the results provided by our modeling and eventually provide a comprehensive picture of the biology of these host-parasite interactions.
Factors Affecting Usage of ITN for Malaria Control by Pregnant Women in South East Nigeria.
Authors: Eleazar Clara , Emenuga Veronica Ngozi , Udoh Iniekong Philip , Ndilemeni  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe National Malaria Strategic Plan for Malaria Control in Nigeria conducted an intervention package to reduce malaria-related mortality by 50% by the year 2020, by ensuring that at least 80% of the targeted populations utilize appropriate preventive measures. This study was aimed at reviewing the success of insecticide treated net (ITN) malaria control efforts and understanding the failures and the need to boost up the intervention measures.MethodsThe research design used for this study was the descriptive method. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 318 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. ResultsAmongst the respondents, 180 (56.6%) owned an ITN while 138 (43.4%) did not. A greater percentage (72.9%) of those who had positive attitude resulting in usage of ITNs purchased their nets themselves, only 8.4% of mothers who received their ITNs free of charge used the net, (P=0.159). Dislike of usage by spouses (63.3%), hot weather discomfort (17.8%) and forgetfulness (17.2%) were some of the factors that contributed to failures of net usage by the pregnant women. Conclusion﻿Cost Free distribution of ITN did not necessarily improve usage. Rather, success of this strategy will require carrying out more awareness campaign.
Cognition and Implementation of Protective Measures for Oral and Maxillofacial Injuries of Ice Hockey Players in Primary and Secondary Schools in Beijing(10-12)
Authors: Li Bing , Bai Xue , Sun Hui , Cui Chunyan , Liu Weihong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: Through a cross-sectional investigation on the cognition and implementation of sports related oral and maxillofacial injury prevention measures of ice hockey players in primary and secondary schools in Beijing, this paper discusses the effective methods to improve the safety of juvenile ice hockey sports and reduce the incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries such as tooth avulsion, tooth fracture and jaw fracture. Methods: using convenient sampling method, obtain the consent of young ice hockey players from 5 primary and secondary schools and 6 special sports training institutions in Beijing, and issue questionnaires. 280 valid questionnaires were collected. Results: only 12.50% of the young people often wear the mouth guard in ice hockey. 62.50% of the juvenile ice hockey players never wear the mouth guard. 43.58% of the respondents did not know the risk of sports related oral injury. The necessity of not removing teeth protection is the important reason why the athletes did not wear the protective gear (89.64%). The inconsistent behaviour with other teammates (67.14%) was the psychological factor of young athletes' refusal to wear the mouth guard. Wearing discomfort (34.33%) and communication influence (33.14%) should not be ignored. Therefore, the most effective way to promote the young athletes to wear the mouth guard is to establish and enforce the standards of the relevant management organizations (77.14%). Conclusion: young ice hockey players in our city are lack of knowledge about sports related oral injury and effective protective measures, and there is a high risk of sports. It is the most effective way to improve the compliance of athletes to wear the protective gear to draw up and supervise the relevant standards of Ice Hockey Association and coach's guidance. There is a great space for the dental staff to improve the denture bracket, improve the wearing comfort, expand the health guidance efficiency of the dental staff, and promote the oral health of the whole people.
Psychological distress related to the COVID-19 epidemic in an Italian population of People Living with HIV: an online survey
Authors: Donne Valentina Delle , Ciccarelli Nicoletta , Massaroni Valentina , Lombardi Francesca , Lamonica Silvia , Borghetti Alberto , Fabbiani Massimiliano , Cauda Roberto , Giambenedetto Simona Di 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Our aim was to explore the psychological impact of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on People Living with HIV (PLWH), a population at increased risk of psychological distress.Methods: PLWH participated to an online survey exploring demographic and clinical data, physical symptoms, contact history, knowledge and concerns, precautionary measures and additional information about COVID-19 during the first phase of the pandemic in Italy. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (identifying COVID-19 pandemic as specific traumatic life event) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were also comprised. Results: Out of 98 participants, 45% revealed from mild to severe psychological impact from COVID-19 according to IES-R. A lower percentage, instead, complained significant levels of depression (14%), anxiety (11%) or stress (6%) according to DASS-21. Aging, education, being unemployed, number of possible COVID-19 physical symptoms, concerns about risk of contracting COVID-19 and pandemic situation in Italy, and needing additional information to prevent COVID-19 infection were positively associated to a higher risk of negative psychological impact. Moreover, female gender, fewer years from HIV diagnosis and not being aware of own viremia were associated to a higher risk of negative psychological outcomes.Conclusion: Almost half of our PLWH sample experienced significant levels of distress related to COVID-19 pandemic. Women and those with recent HIV diagnosis seem the more psychological fragile subgroup. Our findings could help to identify patients most in need of psychological interventions to improve wellbeing of PLWH.
Angioplasty for the Treatment of Left Brachiocephalic Vein Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Gui Long , Xu Hongbo , Ning Chengdong , Huang Niuliu , Pan Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Brachiocephalic vein tumor is a rare vascular malformation, which is often reported in case reports. At present it has attracted much attention due to the serious complications, such as vein tumor rupture, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis, etc. We report a case of left brachiocephalic vein tumor with compression symptoms.Case presentation: a 52-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with irritating cough for more than one month. Chest contrast-enhanced CT showed a localized expansion of 5.2cm in diameter of the left brachiocephalic vein in the anterior mediastinum. The patient received venous angioplasty with brachiocephalic vein tumor resection, and the postoperative recovery was well.Conclusion: Surgical operation is an effecive treatment method for brachiocephalic vein tumor, but it is still necessary to choose the appropriate way according to the type, size, location, lesion scope and complications of the vein tumor.
Utilization of POCUS in a Specialist Palliative Care Setting: A Retrospective Chart Review.
Authors: Arya Amit , Davey John Roderick , Sharma Achal , Dosani Naheed , Grewal Dilnoor , Afzal Aysha , Bhargava Ravi , Chasen Martin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The use of Point-Of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) has increased rapidly across various medical disciplines due to technological advancements providing high quality POCUS units. POCUS can help clinicians at the bed side with information regarding patient management in real time. However, literature reveals scant evidence of POCUS use in Palliative Care. This study’s objective was to examine the use of POCUS in a specialist palliative care setting. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted from January 2018 to June 2019 to evaluate characteristics of patients for whom POCUS was utilized. These patients were identified through pre-existing logs and descriptive information was collected from the electronic health records. This included demographic information, life-limiting diagnosis, patient assessment location, diagnosis made with POCUS and, if applicable, volume of fluid drained.Results: We identified 126 uses of POCUS in 89 unique patients. 62 patients (69.7%) had a cancer diagnosis, with patients most commonly suffering from GI, Lung and Breast pathologies. 61 POCUS cases (48.4%) were in the outpatient setting. 81 POCUS cases (64.3%) revealed a diagnosis of ascites and 21 POCUS cases (16.7%) revealed a diagnosis of pleural effusion. Other diagnoses made with POCUS included bowel obstruction, pneumonia and congestive heart failure. During the study period, 52 paracentesis and 7 thoracentesis procedures were performed using POCUS guidance.Conclusion: We identified multiple indications in our specialist palliative care setting where POCUS aided in diagnosis/management of patients in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Further studies can be conducted to identify the potential benefits in symptom burden, patient & caregiver satisfaction and health care utilization in palliative care patients receiving POCUS.
Deficient DNA mismatch repair and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding: A case report of Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer with COVID-19 infection.
Authors: Haque Farzana , Lillie Patrick , Haque Farhana , Maraveyas Anthony 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:Several independent risk factors have been reported to influence viral shedding following COVID-19 infection, but host related molecular factors have not been described yet. We report a case of a cancer patient with Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, HNPCC) who manifested SARS-COV-2 PCR (polymerase chain reaction) positivity for at least 54 days after contracting mild COVID-19 illness and propose that deficient mismatch repair (MMR) may have a role in the prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding.Case Presentation:A patient with Lynch syndrome was on surveillance for metastatic adenocarcinoma after completion of palliative chemotherapy in October 2019. Between the period of April 2020 to June 2020, he required multiple admissions addressing several clinical needs mainly related to his underlying malignancy. These included progressive disease in the interaortocaval lymph nodes leading to recurrent episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, dehydration resulting in acute kidney injury and a short-lived episode of pyrexia. A SARS-COV-2 PCR of the nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) was positive at his initial admission with mild COVID-19 symptoms. He remained positive on subsequent admissions when tested routinely for SARS-COV-2 without demonstrating any obvious clinical features of COVID-19 infection.The MMR pathway, a component of DNA damage response (DDR), is impaired in Lynch syndrome due to an inherited genetic mutation. This pathway is also required for viral clearance from the host cells following certain RNA viral infections like influenza virus and other coronaviridae. Here we provide current understanding of the importance of DDR deficiencies in the clearance of RNA virus and suggest how this may play a similar role in the clearance of COVID-19 as evident in our case that demonstrated persistent positivity.Conclusion:The importance of understanding the scientific basis of extended viral shedding during the COVID-19 pandemic is now centre-stage in the establishment of robust track and trace services to allow the recovery and function of societies and economies. We propose that deficient-MMR may contribute to the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding. Future studies could open new avenues for research and may give rise to epidemiological or early therapeutic interventions.
Disseminated pulmonary mucormycosis involving jejunum in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient
Authors: Wang Lan-lan , Zou Liang , Chen Zhong-ju , Yi Yang , Meng Qin-bin , Feng Yan , Wang Yong-tao , Hu Zhi-min 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pulmonary mucormycosis and aspergillosis with disseminated mucormycosis involving gastrointestinalin is a very rare but lethal infection leading to an extremely mortality. Herein, we present a unique case of pulmonary co-infection with Cunninghamella bertholletiae and Aspergillus flavus, with dissmiated mycomycosis involving jejunum caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a B-ALL patient with familial diabetes. Early administration of active antifungal agents at optimal doses, complete resection of all infected tissues led to improved therapeutic outcomes.
Systematic Network and Meta-analysis on the Anti-viral Mechanisms of Probiotics: A Preventive and Treatment Strategy to Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Patra Sinjini , Saxena Shivam , Sahu Nilanjan , Pradhan Biswaranjan , Roychowdhury Anasuya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: With the alarming rise of infected cases and deaths, COVID-19 is a pandemic, currently affecting 235 countries worldwide. Until now, no curative medicine and vaccine are available against SARS-CoV-2. The causal virus SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects lung cells, leading to respiratory illness ranging in severity from common cold to deadly pneumonia. This, with comorbidities worsens the clinical outcome, particularly for, immunosuppressed individuals with COVID-19. Interestingly, commensal gut microbiota has been shown to improve lung infections by modulating the immune system. Therefore, fine-tuning of gut microbiome with the consumption of probiotics could be an alternative strategy for boosting immunity and treating COVID-19. METHODS: Here, we present a systematic biological network and meta-analysis to provide a rationale for implementation of probiotics in preventing and/or treating COVID-19. RESULTS: We have identified 90 training genes from the literature analysis (according to PRISMA guidelines) and generated an association network concerning the candidate genes linked with COVID-19 and probiotic treatment. The functional modules and pathway enrichment analysis of the association network clearly show that application of probiotics could have therapeutic effects on ACE2 mediated virus entry, activation of systemic immune response, nlrp3 mediated immunomodulatory pathways, immune cell migration resulting in lung tissue damage and cardiovascular difficulties and altered glucose/lipid metabolic pathways in the disease prognosis. We also demonstrate the potential mechanistic domains as molecular targets for probiotic application to combat the viral infection. CONCLUSIONS: Our study therefore offers probiotics mediated novel preventive and therapeutic strategy for COVID-19-warfare.