bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE GENOTYPE OF STUD BULLS OF HOLSTEIN BREED ON THE LEVEL OF SOME INDICATORS OF NITROGEN METABOLISM OF OFFSPRING IN WESTERN SIBERIA REGION
Authors: Sebezhko O. I. , Narozhnykh K. N. , Konovalova T. V. , Korotkevich O. S. , Slobozhanin D. M. , Nazarenko A. V. 
Published: March 2020

The results of studies of indicators of nitrogen metabolism in the blood serum of the descendants of four bulls at the age of 12-13 months are presented. The studies were conducted in the South of Western Siberia at Vaganovo OJSC on the livestock population of Holstein breed. The creatinine concentration in the blood serum samples of the sons was determined using a set of reagents from Vector-Best (Russia). In the regions of animal breeding, constant monitoring of water, soil, feed, animal organs and tissues is carried out. It was established that in the areas in which the studied breeds were bred, the content of macro- and microelements did not exceed the MPC. The level of serum creatinine in the examined animals on average for all groups of sons was 308.2 ± 24.1 μmol / L, which exceeds the generally accepted values of this indicator. However, taking into account age and sex and breed characteristics, taking into account data on the overall health of the animals examined, information on the ecological well-being of the breeding zone, the results can be considered as reference values for healthy Holstein bulls in Western Siberia. It was shown that in the blood serum of the sons of some fathers, the creatinine content was 1.7 times higher (364.2 ± 52.7 μmol / L) than in the descendants of other manufacturers (p> 0.95). A group of half-siblings was found, which were characterized by a low hereditary predisposition to creatinine content. Discovered differences in the creatinine content in the blood serum of sons reflect the differentiation of bulls and indicate genetically determined features of the functioning of the homeostasis system. In this case, most likely, there is a different ability of descendants to adapt to environmental and climatic conditions.
“Some Reckoning of Gains Is Made”: Theories of Assessment in Alberta’s Child-Centred Curricula, 1936–1950
Authors: Rempel James , Von Heyking Amy 
Published: March 2020

Historians have suggested that Alberta’s child-centred curriculum known as the “Enterprise curriculum,” which was introduced in 1936, was not fully implemented because teachers struggled with assessment of students’ learning. This historical case study reveals that the program included a theory of assessment consisting of four major principles, consistent with a child-centred vision of curriculum and pedagogy. Moreover, it directed teachers towards resources and strategies that might have assisted them in shifting their assessment practices. In 1943, the Department of Education began to compromise this vision, resulting in revisions to the program that defined a role for traditional testing and grading practices within a pedagogically progressive paradigm. RésuméLes historiens ont postulé que le programme d’étude albertain centré sur l’enfant introduit en 1936 et connu sous le nom de « Enterprise curriculum » n’a pas été entièrement mis en œuvre parce que les enseignants ont eu du mal à évaluer l’apprentissage des élèves. La présente étude de cas révèle que le programme comprenait une théorie d’évaluation reposant sur quatre grands principes en accord avec une pédagogie et une approche centrée sur l’enfant. De plus, cette théorie a orienté les enseignants vers des ressources et des stratégies susceptibles de les aider à changer leurs pratiques d’évaluation. En 1943, le département de l’Éducation a toutefois commencé à compromettre cette approche, ce qui a ouvert la porte à des pratiques traditionnelles d’évaluation et de classement dans un paradigme pédagogique progressif.
Overview of the ukrainian pharmaceuitical market of medications for periodontal diseases treatment in order to obtain a new dental product
Authors: Borisyuk I. Y. , Unhurian L. M. , Fizor N. S. , Bielyaieva O. I. , Zamkovaya А. V. 
Published: March 2020

Oral diseases occupy the leading position among common disorders. The etiological factors of the inflammatory processes of the oral cavity can be some general disturbances of the body. Today, the topical medications are important component of the treatment and prophylactic measures of range of pathological conditions in dental practice. Among this type of medicines widely used herbal preparations, which are known for their broad spectrum of activity.
The aim of the research was to scrutiny the treatment methods for OD, to study the topical medications assortment of the pharmaceutical market of used in pharmacotherapy of OD with a view to further developing the dosage form and determining the feasibility of its use in the apitherapy of OD and the possibility of occupying it with certain market niche.
The data from official information sources, in particular, the List of registered drugs approved for use in Ukraine as of 01. 01. 2019 were used as the objects of study. Market analysis was carried out using the ATC classification system (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) taking into consideration international non-patented and trade names, dosage forms, country of manufacture. Statistical, graphic, logical and marketing studies were conducted during the work.
Information was used to determine the assortment of the modern pharmaceutical market of drugs that can be used in pharmacotherapy of OD, was the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 566 dated 11. 23. 2004. «On approval of protocols for the provision of medical care in the fields of "orthopedic dentistry", "therapeutic dentistry", "surgical dentistry", "orthodontics", "pediatric therapeutic dentistry" and "pediatric surgical dentistry"». According to the official website of the SEC of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as of 01. 01. 2019, 76 drugs were registered as the A01A group and 59 drugs under trade names. According to the АТС classification system major topical medications belong to group A01A. The share of domestic drugs prevails over foreign ones and amounts to 60.5%.
Attention was drawn to the limited range of drugs from beekeeping products, whose share is only 6.6%. It has been found that the production of original propolis-based drugs at pharmaceutical enterprises of Ukraine with a sufficient raw material base is topical issue of pharmacy.
Impact of melatonin effects on toxicology of vesicant chemical warfare agents: When science meets reality
Authors: Romero Alejandro , Gil Martín Emilio , De los Rios Cristobal , Egea Javier , Ramos Eva , López-Muñoz Francisco , Pita René , Juberías Antonio 
Published: March 2020

In this review we focused our attention on sulfur mustard [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide], the main vesicant chemical warfare agent (CWA), which has been widely used in different military conflicts, including World War I and the Iran-Iraq war. Moreover, the evolution of the recent Iraq and Syria conflicts suggests that terrorist groups are aware of the significant psychological and media effects that would be produced by the mere attempt to use CWAs. Sulfur mustard can produce the alkylation of macromolecules bearing sulfhydryl groups, such as DNA and proteins. This vesicant can also generate free radicals which can develop toxicity in the areas exposed, such as the eyes, skin, respiratory tract (inhalation) and gastrointestinal tract (ingestion). In this respect, we advance and propose three salvage mechanisms through which a broad-spectrum multipotent molecule, melatonin, could facilitate neutralization of the toxic damage induced by sulfur mustard radical scavenging. We also speculate that the long-term effects of varying severity can appear after acute poisoning. Besides, melatonin-based therapy strategies can modulate of epigenetic mechanisms and become very suitable for the clinical treatment of victimized patients. However, the utilization of melatonin as a “therapeutic bullet” addressed to counteract the vesicant CWAs needs much additional in vitro research as well as systematic animal studies and controlled translational trials.
Potential utility of melatonin in deadly infectious diseases related to the overreaction of innate immune response and destructive inflammation: focus on COVID-19
Authors: Tan Dunxian X , Hardeland Ruegiger 
Published: March 2020

The high mortality
of deadly virus infectious diseases including SARS, MERS, COVID-19, and avian
flu is often caused by the uncontrolled innate immune response and destructive
inflammation. The majority of viral diseases are self-limiting under the help
of the activated adaptive immune system. This activity is cell proliferation
dependent and thus, it requires several weeks to develop. Patients are
vulnerable and mortality usually occurs during this window period. To control the
innate immune response and reduce the inflammation during this period will
increase the tolerance of patients and lowers the mortality in the deadly virus
infection. Melatonin is a molecule that displays respective properties, since
it downregulates the overreaction of the innate immune response and
overshooting inflammation, but also promotes the adaptive immune activity. Many
studies have reported the beneficial effects of melatonin on deadly virus
infections in different animal models and its therapeutic efficacy in septic
shock patients. Furthermore, melatonin has a great safety margin without
serious adverse effects. We suggest the use of melatonin as an adjunctive or
even regular therapy for deadly viral diseases, especially if no efficient
direct anti-viral treatment is available.
Indonesian Sub-Majors at Chinese Universities and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)
Authors: Adriani Isyana 
Published: March 2020

Since President of China Xi Jinping introduced the mega infrastructure project Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in late 2013, many have doubted the real objective of the president, particularly since world leadership position has been vacant because US President Donald Trump still has no clear foreign policy on Asia Pacific. BRI, which aims to connect China to all continents in the world, has already had negative and positive impacts. One of which is Africa, where China has been helping the Trans-African Highway project, a project that has been planned since 1971. However, BRI has caused African countries’ debts to China to multiply, and it is not impossible that they will experience what Sri Lanka has already experienced: Beijing taking over their Hambantota Port. In Indonesia itself, there have been several BRI projects, such as the 142-km fast train that connects Bandung, West Java, to Jakarta, and Morowali Industrial Park in Central Sulawesi. However, despite BRI’s help with infrastructure many people are suspicious that Indonesia will fall into a “debt trap” like Sri Lanka and African countries already did. They are also worried about the ever-increasing number of Chinese workers to Indonesia, which threaten the availability of jobs for locals. On the other hand, Indonesia’s involvement in BRI shows that Indonesia is an important country to China, and this can be seen through many things, one of which is the growing number of Chinese universities having Indonesian language and culture sub-majors in the past seven years. This essay focuses on how these Indonesian language and culture sub-majors contribute to the success of BRI in China.
Assessing the Microbial Communities in Four Different Daqus by Using PCR-DGGE, PLFA, and Biolog Analyses
Authors: LING YUXI , LI WENYING , TONG TONG , LI ZUMING , LI QIAN , BAI ZHIHUI , WANG GUIJUN , CHEN JIAHAO , WANG YUGUANG 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Daqu made from raw wheat, barley or pea is used as an inoculum for the fermentation of Chinese Baijiu. In this study, the microbial communities of four different types of Daqus (sauce-flavor Wuling Daqu, sauce and strong-flavor Baisha Daqu, strong-flavor Deshan Daqu, and light-flavor Niulanshan Daqu) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, and Biolog EcoPlates analysis (Biolog). Clear differences were seen between the microbial communities of the four Daqus. PCR-DGGE showed differences in the number and brightness of bands between the Daqus, indicating the presence of unique bacterial species in Deshan Daqu, Wuling Daqu, and Niulanshan Daqu. Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, Bacillus thermoamylovorans, and some unclassified bacteria were unique to Wuling Daqu, Deshan Daqu, and Niulanshan Daqu, respectively. Moreover, some bacterial species were observed in all four Daqus. A total of 26 PLFAs between C12 to C20 were detected from the four Daqus by PLFA analysis. Wuling Daqu had the highest total and fungal biomasses, Baisha Daqu had the highest bacterial biomass, and Niulanshan Daqu had the highest ratio of fungal biomass to bacterial biomass. The Biolog results indicated differences in the carbon source use and mode of the four Daqus, and also demonstrated that each Daqu had varying abilities to utilize different types of carbon sources. The cluster analysis of the three methods showed that the microbial communities of the four Daqus were different. This study also demonstrates the applicability of the three analytical methods in the evaluating of the microbial communities of Daqus.
Resensitization of Fluconazole-Resistant Urinary Candida spp. Isolates by Amikacin through Downregulation of Efflux Pump Genes
Authors: EDWARD EVA A. , MOHAMED NELLY M. , ZAKARIA AZZA S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The contribution of fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. isolates to urinary tract infections in Egypt has become a nationwide problem. A recent approach to overcome such disaster is combining conventional antifungals with non-antifungals. This study investigated the interaction of amikacin with fluconazole against resistant Candida strains isolated from the urine culture of patients admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital. Among the collected Candida spp. isolates, 42.9% were resistant to fluconazole with MICs ranging between 128 and 1,024 μg/ml. The resistance-modifying activity of amikacin (4,000 μg/ml) was studied against fluconazole-resistant isolates where amikacin sensitized 91.7 % of resistant Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole with a modulation factor ranging between 32 and 256. The rhodamine efflux assay was performed to examine the impact of amikacin on efflux pump activity. After 120 minutes of treatment, amikacin affected the efflux pump activity of the isolates tested with a percentage of reduction in the fluorescence intensity of 8.9%. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess the amikacin effect on the expression of the efflux pump genes MDR1, CDR1, and CDR2. The downregulatory effect of amikacin on the expression of the studied genes caused a percentage of reduction in the expression level ranging between 42.1 and 94%. In conclusion, amikacin resensitized resistant Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole and could be used in combination in the management of candiduria with a higher efficiency or at lower administration doses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the enhancement of fluconazole activity in combination with amikacin against Candida spp.
Low Occurrence of Acinetobacter baumannii in Gulls and Songbirds
Authors: ŁOPIŃSKA ANDŻELINA , INDYKIEWICZ PIOTR , SKIEBE EVELYN , PFEIFER YVONNE , TRČEK JANJA , JERZAK LESZEK , MINIAS PIOTR , NOWAKOWSKI JACEK , LEDWOŃ MATEUSZ , BETLEJA JACEK , WILHARM GOTTFRIED 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii is a worldwide occurring nosocomial pathogen, the natural habitats of which remain to be defined. Recently, white stork nestlings have been described as a recurring source of A. baumannii. Here, we challenged the hypothesis of a general preference of A. baumannii for avian hosts. Taking advantage of campaigns to ring free-living birds, we collected cloacal swab samples from 741 black-headed gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) in Poland, tracheal and cloacal swabs from 285 songbirds in Poland as well as tracheal swabs from 25 songbirds in Slovenia and screened those for the growth of A. baumannii on CHROMagar™ Acinetobacter. Of the 1,051 samples collected only two yielded A. baumannii isolates. Each carried one variant of the bla
OXA-51-like gene, i.e. OXA-71 and OXA-208, which have been described previously in clinical isolates of A. baumannii. In conclusion, our data do not support a general preference of A. baumannii for avian hosts.
Is Age Associated with Emergency Medical Service Transport to a Trauma Centre in Patients with Major Trauma? A Systematic Review
Authors: Brown Elizabeth , Tohira Hideo , Bailey Paul , Finn Judith 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Older adults with major trauma are known to have higher mortality rates than their younger counterparts and there is a known survival benefit of treatment in trauma centres. This systematic review sought to answer the question: are older patients with major trauma more or less likely to be transported to a trauma centre by emergency medical services (EMS) than younger patients? Methods The following databases were searched: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, EBSCO CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library and grey literature until 7 March 2019. Studies meeting each of the following criteria were included: 1) comparative study, including randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, case-control studies; 2) study participants must be patients with major trauma; 3) the patients must have been initially transported from the accident scene to hospital by EMS, and 4) the study must report the association between major trauma patient, age and trauma centre transport. Results We identified 3365 unique citations and one study was identified through other sources. In total, 17 studies were included. The studies defined major trauma patients either by the meeting of pre-hospital trauma triage criteria or a retrospective diagnosis. All of the included studies reported that older age was associated with a reduced likelihood of EMS trauma centre transport when compared to younger age in major trauma patients Conclusion The studies included in this review all showed that older age is associated with a reduced likelihood of EMS trauma centre transport when compared to younger age in major trauma patients.
ПРАВО НА СПРАВЕДЛИВИЙ СУД КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ РІШЕНЬ ЄСПЛ
Authors: В. Скупінський О. 
Published: March 2020

У статті розглянуто практику Європейського суду з прав людини щодо права на справедливий суд. Дається характеристика суті права на справедливий суд в його конституційному розумінні. Автор розглядає зміст права на справедливий судовий розгляд з позицій правозастосовчої практики Європейсь-кого суду з прав людини. Проаналізовано поняття «незалежний суд» і «безсторонній суд». Незважаючи на те, що доволі часто ці два поняття розглядаються Європейським Судом як тісно взаємопов'язані, в практиці Суду сформульовані різні тести для оцінки кожного з них.
Ключові слова: право на справедливий суд, судовий розгляд, практика ЄСПЛ, публічність розгляду, незалежність та неупередженість суддів.
The Affordable Care Act and access to care across the cancer control continuum: A review at 10 years
Authors: Zhao Jingxuan , Mao Ziling , Fedewa Stacey A. , Nogueira Leticia , Yabroff K. Robin , Jemal Ahmedin , Han Xuesong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLack of health insurance coverage is strongly associated with poor cancer outcomes in the United States. The uninsured are less likely to have access to timely and effective cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and end‐of‐life care than their counterparts with health insurance coverage. On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law, representing the largest change to health care delivery in the United States since the introduction of the Medicare and Medicaid programs in 1965. The primary goals of the ACA are to improve health insurance coverage, the quality of care, and patient outcomes, and to maintain or lower costs by catalyzing changes in the health care delivery system. In this review, we describe the main components of the ACA, including health insurance expansions, coverage reforms, and delivery system reforms, provisions within these components, and their relevance to cancer screening and early detection, care, and outcomes. We then highlight selected, well‐designed studies examining the effects of the ACA provisions on coverage, access to cancer care, and disparities throughout the cancer control continuum. Finally, we identify research gaps to inform evaluation of current and emerging health policies related to cancer outcomes.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HAIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII IPS SMA NEGERI 10 PEKANBARU
Authors: Nurani Zun 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), Metode yang digunakan adalah metode CTL (Contexstual Teaching Learning). Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII IPS SMA Negeri 10 Pekanbaru. Pokok bahsan tentang perkembangan Orde Baru. Tujuan penelitian adalah meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus. Sebelum melakukan proses pembelajaran diadakan tes yaitu prasiklus jumlah nilai (2390); siklus I (2885), dan siklus II (3070). Untuk rata-rata nilai perkelas prasiklus 68,29, siklus I meningkat menjadi 78,92, dan siklus II meningkat menjadi 87,71. Hasil nilai yang diperoleh berdasarkan KKM 75. Nilai ketuntasan pada prasiklus tuntas hanya 8 orang (22,86 %), tidak tuntas sebanyak 27 orang (77,14 %). Pada siklus I meningkat yang tuntas 24 orang (68,57 %, tidak tuntas 11 orang (31,43 %). Pada siklus II yang tuntas 34 orang (97,14 %) dan tidak tuntas 02,86 %). Hasil nilai berdasarkan tinggi dan rendahnya nilai prasiklus tertinggi 85 dan terendah 45; siklus I tertinggi 95 dan terendah 80. Berdasarkan rentang dan kriteria nilai, pada prasiklus persentasinya 31,43 % (cukup); siklus I sangat tinggi 37,14 ^ dan siklus II pada kriteria sangat tinggi 51,43 %. Aktivitas siswa setiap siklus meningkat yaitu siklus 1 berjumlah 71,43 dan siklus II berjumlah 85,71.
“Kör Keçi”den “Körebe”ye: Oyun İçinde Oyun
Authors: KASAPOĞLU AKYOL Pınar , KUTLU M. Muhtar 
Published: March 2020

Çocuğun /çocukluğun toplumsal-kültürel tarihini yeniden inşa etmede tarihsel ve kültürel yorumun en çok başvurduğu belge ve nesneler içinde çocuk oyunları ve oyuncaklar gelmektedir. Anadolu’nun tüm yörelerinde yapılmış çocuk oyunlarına ilişkin derleme ve monografi nitelikli çalışmalarda karşımıza çıkan körebe oyunu da köklü bir geçmişe ve geniş bir coğrafi dağılıma sahip bir oyundur. Oyun kuralları, alanı, zamanı ve oyun örgüsüyle çok bildik ve çok tanıdık bir çocuk oyunudur. Cinsiyet ayrımı yapılmaksızın, iç ya da dış mekânlarda, belirlenmiş alanlarda (kimi zaman bir çember, kimi zaman bir oda) oynanan geleneksel çocuk oyunları sınıflamaları içinde yer alan kurallı grup oyunlarından biridir. Oyunun Anadolu çeşitlemelerinde içeriği ve temel özellikleri çoğunlukla değişmemektedir. Oyuna, çocuk oyunlarında ebenin rolü açısından bakıldığında; oyuna adını veren körebe olumsuz ve cezalandırılmış bir rolde kaybedendir. Oyun, yeni kaybedenleri bulmak üzere sürer ve hiç ebe olmayan oyuncu, oyunun kazananıdır. Çoğu çocuk oyununun kökenlerinin arkaik dönemin ritüelistik uygulamalarından türediği, onların izlerini taşıdığı ya da üstü örtük de olsa günümüze uzanmış öğelerle sürdürüldüğü bilinir. Oyunun betimlemeye çalıştığımız bu hali ile ritüel öğelerle ilişkilendirilmesi zor görünmektedir. Acaba öyle mi? Bu makalede, dünyanın birçok yerinde kör keçi olarak adlandırılan ve Anadolu’nun bazı bölgelerinde de kör çepiç olarak bilinen körebe oyununun, toplumsal bellekte saklı bir ritüel kalıntısı olduğunu gösteren izler üzerinden tartışılmaya çalışılacaktır.