bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TBR-760, a Dopamine-Somatostatin Compound, Arrests Growth of Aggressive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas in Mice
Authors: Halem Heather A , Hochgeschwender Ute , Rih Jeong Keun , Nelson Richard , Johnson G Allan , Thiagalingam Arunthi , Culler Michael D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
TBR-760 (formerly BIM-23A760) is a chimeric dopamine (DA)-somatostatin (SST) compound with potent agonist activity at both DA type 2 (D2R) and SST type 2 (SSTR2) receptors. Studies have shown that chimeric DA-SST compounds are more efficacious than individual DA and/or SST analogues, either alone or combined, in inhibiting secretion from primary cultures of human somatotroph and lactotroph tumor cells. Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) express both D2R and SSTR2 and, consequently, may respond to TBR-760. We used a mouse model with the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene knocked out that spontaneously develops aggressive NFPAs. Genomic microarray and DA and SST receptor messenger RNA expression analysis indicate that POMC KO mouse tumors and human NFPAs have similar expression profiles, despite arising from different cell lineages, establishing POMC KO mice as a model for study of NFPAs. Treatment with TBR-760 for 8 weeks resulted in nearly complete inhibition of established tumor growth, whereas tumors from vehicle-treated mice increased in size by 890 ± 0.7%. Comparing TBR-760 with its individual DA and SST components, TBR-760 arrested tumor growth. Treatment with equimolar or 10×-higher doses of the individual SST or DA agonists, either alone or in combination, had no significant effect. One exception was the lower dose of DA agonist that induced modest suppression of tumor growth. Only the chimeric compound TBR-760 arrested tumor growth in this mouse model of NFPA. Further, significant tumor shrinkage was observed in 20% of the mice treated with TBR-760. These results support the development of TBR-760 as a therapy for patients with NFPA.
Coming of Age with Anne Moody
Authors: Boisseau Tracey Jean 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis essay offers a close reading of Anne Moody’s widely read but under-theorized memoir of the civil rights movement, Coming of Age in Mississippi (1968). This essay’s focus mirrors a main focus in Moody’s narrative: her relationship with her mother. Much of the body of literary criticism, as well as historical writings dealing with African American mother-daughter conflict, centers on the observation that Black mothers have often found themselves in conflict with daughters whom they seek to protect by schooling them in accommodationist behavior to better survive in the face of white racism and violence. To strand the analysis there, however, leaves one unable to understand the historically specific nature of the acute generational conflict between Moody and her mother and leaves one without structural explanation for young people’s unprecedented involvement in the 1950s–1960s civil rights movement. This article explores Anne Moody’s daughterly point of view as expressed in her writing to understand why and how Anne was able to develop a distinct sense of self and consciousness, one that alienated her from her mother and laid the groundwork for her activist leadership as well as that of her generational cohort.
Harvesting Hope
Authors: Sierra Becerra Diana Carolina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis 2018 report reviews the organizing model of the Pioneer Valley Workers Center (PVWC), an organization based in Western Massachusetts that builds the collective power of immigrants and workers. It illustrates how the PVWC practices participatory democracy and solidarity. The report also discusses the challenges facing its organizational structures and campaigns, including its Worker Committees, a decision-making body composed mainly of immigrant workers; Sanctuary in the Streets, a rapid response network against workplace abuse, the deportation apparatus, and hate crimes; and an ongoing campaign in solidarity with Lucio Peréz, an undocumented Guatemalan man who defied deportation and took sanctuary at a local congregation.
Impact of supervised exercise training on pulmonary function parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin Biomarker in Interstitial lung disease patients
Authors: Alyami Rahma Mohammad , Alhwaikan Abdulrahman Mohammed , Alharbi Abdullah Rashed , AL-Nafisah Ghada 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To assess the impact of supervised exercise training (SET) on pulmonary function Parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin biomarker in Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) patients.
Methods: Ten (10) patients with ILD and 18 healthy controls of age between 30-40+ years were selected for 8-weekSET program. Before and after SET all subjects performedexercise capacity six minutes’ walk test (6MWT), heart rate (HR) changes were recorded, shortness of Breath Respiratory Questionnaire (SOBQ) was obtained and Irisin levels were measuredby Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).This interventional study was carried out atDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2018 to February 2019.
Results: Mean six minutes’ walk distance (6MWD) was 395±68.4 m at 1st visit increased significantly (p=0.001) to 458.8±87.1 mat 15 visit. However, 6MWD values found significantly higher in controls (517.4±84.1 m; 561.7±81.6 m; p=0.013) thanILD patients. Overall change (difference between post and pre exercise) in HRvalue was recorded lower in ILD patients (30-35 bpm) as compared to controls (40-45 bpm). Moreover, ILD patients had overall higher SOBQ score than controls. Pre SET Irisin levelsofILD patients (4.24 ± 1.73 pg/ml) and controls (3.43±1.04pg/ml) werefound unchangedafter SET (4.48±2.02pg/ml, 3.39 ±1.41pg/ml,p=0.677, p=0.093) respectively. However, patients Irisin values were foundhigher as compared to controls before and after SET.
Conclusion: Exercise capacity and Dyspneain patients with ILD were improved after 8-week of SET program. No major changes in Irisin levels among patients with ILD and controls were observed. Additional research requires to be carried out on large number of subjects to deterMinutese the advantages of exercise in ILD.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1795
How to cite this:Alyami RM, Alhwaikan AM, Alharbi AR, AL-Nafisah G. Impact of supervised exercise training on pulmonary function parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin Biomarker in Interstitial lung disease patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1089-1095. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1795
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Novel Metric for Load Balance and Congestion Reducing in Network on-Chip
Authors: Aroui Abdelkader , Benyamina Abou Elhassan , Boulet Pierre , Benhaoua Kamel , Singh Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2020

The Network-on-Chip (NoC) is an alternative pattern that is considered as an emerging technology for distributed embedded systems. The traditional use of multi-cores in computing increase the calculation performance; but affect the network communication causing congestion on nodes which therefore decrease the global performance of the NoC. To alleviate this problematic phenomenon, several strategies were implemented, to reduce or prevent the occurrence of congestion, such as network status metrics, new routing algorithm, packets injection control, and switching strategies. In this paper, we carried out a study on congestion in a 2D mesh network, through various detailed simulations. Our focus was on the most used congestion metrics in NoC. According to our experiments and performed simulations under different traffic scenarios, we found that these metrics are less representative, less significant and yet they do not give a true overview of reading within the NoC nodes at a given cycle. Our study shows that the use of other complementary information regarding the state of nodes and network traffic flow in the design of a novel metric, can really improve the results. In this paper, we put forward a novel metric that takes into account the overall operating state of a router in the design of adaptive XY routing algorithm, aiming to improve routing decisions and network performance. We compare the throughput, latency, resource utilization, and congestion occurrence of proposed metric to three published metrics on two specific traffic patterns in a varied packets injection rate. Our results indicate that our novel metric-based adaptive XY routing has overcome congestion and significantly improve resource utilization through load balancing; achieving an average improvement rate up to 40 compared to adaptive XY routing based on the previous congestion metrics.
Complex of heliogeophysical instruments of new generation
Authors: Zherebtsov Geliy 
Published: June 2020

The paper discusses the importance of the problem of adverse effects of cosmic processes and phenomena (space weather factors) on the ground engineering and technical infrastructure, space-born radio-electronic facilities, etc.
It examines the state of the experimental base for research in solar, atmosphere, and near-Earth space physics in Russia and abroad. The necessity of creating new-generation instruments, developed using advanced engineering solutions and technologies, is justified.
The complex of the main facilities and instruments of the National Heliogeophysical Complex of the Russian Academy of Sciences is analyzed. The main scientific directions of basic research and applied problems are formulated.
The challenges and coping strategies of exclusive breastfeeding practices among student mothers at a Nigerian university
Authors: Ojo Iyanuoluwa Oreofe , Aina Oluwatosin Ayomide , Ani Odinaka Benardette , Onianwa Patricia O 
Published: June 2020

Background/aims Successful breastfeeding is crucial to combat infant malnutrition and is also paramount for the health of the newborn and the mother. However, student mothers face diverse challenges to exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to identify the challenges and coping strategies of exclusive breastfeeding practices among student mothers at a Nigeria university. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 82 student mothers were recruited. Data were collected through a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire, containing questions on the breastfeeding practices and intentions of the mothers and the challenges encountered and coping strategies used. These data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20. The data were analysed using Chi square tests, at 0.05 level of significance. Results The majority of mothers (93.9%) reported that they gave supplements other than breast milk to their babies, with the frequency ranging from rarely to often. Academic pressure was the most frequently identified challenge of exclusive breastfeeding by the respondents (72%), while 89% of the respondents received support from their husband as a major coping strategy. Conclusions Policies should be made to support and provide enabling environments for students who are also mothers. Nurses and decision makers in the university setting should consider ways to improve the exclusive breastfeeding practice of students.
Student midwives' self-assessment of factors that improve or reduce confidence in clinical practice during a 1-year training period in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mudokwenyu-Rawdon Christina , Goshomi Unice , Ndarukwa Pisirai 
Published: June 2020

Background/Aims Several studies demonstrate that midwifery students do not feel confident in their ability to practice independently post-qualification, both globally and in Zimbabwe. To build competence, it is critical that midwives are encouraged to assess factors that improve or reduce their confidence in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore factors enhancing or reducing midwifery students' confidence in clinical practice in Zimbabwe, following a 1-year training course. Methods A total of 300 midwifery students from 22 government midwifery training schools in Zimbabwe participated in a cross-sectional survey that assessed self-confidence at completion of a 1-year training course. Students responded to the question ‘What factors improved or reduced your confidence in clinical area during training?’ Thematic analysis was used to describe and interpret students' responses. Results The main theme taken from students' answers was that resource availability in the clinical learning environment is key. There were four sub-themes: (1) the midwifery education programme, (2) teaching-learning methodologies, (3) clinical instructor/supervisor professional behaviour, and (4) student fear and insecurity. Conclusions Confidence development is a process to be cultivated and nurtured in students during midwifery training. Student midwives are faced with multiple factors inherent to an unsupportive clinical learning environment, which negatively impacts their confidence. These include shortages of resources and the attitudes and teaching practices of supervisors or instructors. Focus should be given to creating a supporting clinical learning environment, to improve students' confidence and competence.
Frequency and severity of general surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: single-centre experience from a large metropolitan teaching hospital
Authors: Patel R , Hainsworth AJ , Devlin K , Patel JH , Karim A 
Published: June 2020

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has put significant stress on healthcare systems globally. This study focuses on emergency general surgery services at a major trauma centre and teaching hospital. We aimed to identify whether the number of patients and the severity of their presentation has significantly changed since the implementation of a national lockdown. Materials and methods This study is a retrospective review of acute referrals (from general practice and accident and emergency) to the emergency general surgery team over a 14-day period before (group 1) and during (group 2) lockdown. Results A total of 151 patients were reviewed by the general surgical team in group 1 and 75 in group 2 (a 50.3% reduction). The number of days with symptoms prior to presentation was significantly shorter in group 1 compared with group 2 (3 vs 4, p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the National Early Warning Score, white blood cell count, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein on admission between the two groups of patients. There were significantly fewer patients admitted after lockdown compared with pre-lockdown (66% vs 48%, p = 0.01). Length of hospital stay was significantly shorter during lockdown compared with pre-lockdown (5 days vs 4 days, p = 0.04). Conclusion Fewer patients were referred and admitted during lockdown compared with pre-lockdown, and the length of stay was also significantly reduced. There was also a delay in presentation to hospital, although these patients were not more unwell based on the scoring criteria used within this study.
On COVID-19 Modelling
Authors: Schaback Robert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis is an analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic by comparably simple mathematical and numerical methods. The final goal is to predict the peak of the epidemic outbreak per country with a reliable technique. The difference to other modelling approaches is to stay extremely close to the available data, using as few hypotheses and parameters as possible.For the convenience of readers, the basic notions of modelling epidemics are collected first, focusing on the standard SIR model. Proofs of various properties of the model are included. But such models are not directly compatible with available data. Therefore a special variation of a SIR model is presented that directly works with the data provided by the Johns Hopkins University. It allows to monitor the registered part of the pandemic, but is unable to deal with the hidden part. To reconstruct data for the unregistered Infected, a second model uses current experimental values of the infection fatality rate and a data-driven estimation of a specific form of the recovery rate. All other ingredients are data-driven as well. This model allows predictions of infection peaks.Various examples of predictions are provided for illustration. They show what countries have to face that are still expecting their infection peak. Running the model on earlier data shows how closely the predictions follow the transition from an uncontrolled outbreak to the mitigation situation by non-pharmaceutical interventions like contact restrictions.
Arquitecturas domésticas. Mapas heteropatriarcales del biopoder
Authors: Sarmiento Laura 
Published: June 2020

Este texto surge desde la imposibilidad de conversar con las mujeres del barrio. Mujeres compañeras con quienes comparto la vida hace más de diez años. Mujeres que nos conocemos en nuestras luchas existenciales por la tierra, por el trabajo, por la vivienda, por la autonomía, y que acuerpadas, sostuvimos diversas resistencias pero que jamás pudimos compartir la palabra “orgasmo”. Recorremos preguntas que van configurando un mapa de subjetividades presas de múltiples violencias, tanto territorializadas como encarnadas en personajes policiales, que nos ayudan a entender esta imposibilidad de conversación. Con esta investigación desmantelamos la impunidad del disciplinamiento espacial doméstico, dejándolo en evidencia. Los resultados obtenidos son fundamento de nuestra actual línea de investigación de Arquitecturas Feministas, donde estamos revisando a la luz de la justicia erótica, el diseño patriarcal biopolítico y la casa como dispositivo.
A Forward Genetic Approach to Mapping aP-Element Second Site Mutation IdentifiesDCP2as a Novel Tumor Suppressor inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Kunar Rohit , Mandal Lolitika , Alone Debasmita Pankaj , Chandrasekharan Shanti , Tiwari Anand Krishna , Tapadia Madhu Gwaldas , Mukherjee Ashim , Roy Jagat Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe use of transposons to create mutations has been the cornerstone of Drosophila genetics in the past few decades. Second-site mutations caused by transpositions are often devoid of transposons and thereby affect subsequent analyses. In a P-element mutagenesis screen, a second site mutation was identified on chromosome 3, wherein the homozygous mutants exhibit classic hallmarks of tumor suppressor mutants, including brain tumor and lethality; hence the mutant line was initially named as lethal (3) tumorous brain [l(3)tb]. Classical genetic approaches relying on meiotic recombination and subsequent complementation with chromosomal deletions and gene mutations mapped the mutation to CG6169, the mRNA decapping protein 2 (DCP2), on the left arm of the third chromosome (3L). Thus the mutation was renamed as DCP2l(3)tb. Fine mapping of the mutation further identified the presence of a Gypsy-LTR like sequence in the 5′UTR coding region of DCP2, along with the expansion of the adjacent upstream intergenic AT-rich sequence. The mutant phenotypes are rescued by the introduction of a functional copy of DCP2 in the mutant background, thereby establishing the causal role of the mutation and providing a genetic validation of the allelism. With the increasing repertoire of genes being associated with tumor biology, this is the first instance of mRNA decapping protein being implicated in Drosophila tumorigenesis. Our findings, therefore, imply a plausible role for the mRNA degradation pathway in tumorigenesis and identify DCP2 as a potential candidate for future explorations of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms.
Tinjauan Yuridis Ketentuan Uang Muka di Bawah Ketentuan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan
Authors: Yolanda Ardrian , Hanafiyah Ali 
Published: June 2020

The thesis aims to determine the application of advances in the provisions of the prevailing laws and regulations. And how the legal consequences for violations of the provisions stipulated by regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 43/PMK. 010/2012 concerning advances in consumer financing for motor vehicles in financing companies, and regulation of the Financial Services Authority No. 35/POJK. 05/2018 on the implementation of business financing company. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical law research conducted by examining the library material or secondary data as the basic material to be examined by conducting a search of the rules and literature relating to the investigated issues. The result of this thesis study shows that regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 43/PMK. 010/2012 concerning advances in consumer financing for motor vehicles in financing companies and regulations of the Financial Services Authority No. 35/POJK. 05/2018 concerning the implementation of the financing company is not contrary to the prevailing laws and regulations. However, the regulations have not been implemented optimally in the field, because there are still many violations regarding the promotion of low DP in dealers who have been in cooperation with leasing. In regulation of the Minister of Finance shall apply a 20% advance payment and in regulation of the Financial Services Authority at least 10%. But there are still some leasing that violates the provisions far from the prevailing provisions. The consequences of applicable law in the form of warnings, suspension of business activities, and revocation of business licenses. But because there is no firm supervision in the field make dealers/leasing often commit violations, causing uncertainty in law enforcement.
Evaluation of the role of kras gene in colon cancer pathway using string and Cytoscape software
Authors: Menon Sandya Menon Prabhakaran , Elengoe Asita 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: cancer is one of the top three most commonly occurring cancer worldwide with more than 1.8 million cases in 2018. In Malaysia, cancer is the most common cancer in males and the second most common cancer in females. Albeit being the second most common form of cancer in Malaysia, there is a lack of informal or structured national cancer screening program in Malaysia and it remains a low priority in healthcare planning and expenditure. The risk of developing colon cancer is greatly influenced by factors such as lifestyle habits, genetic inheritance, diet, weight, and exercise. KRAS, the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer, occurs in about 50 percent of cancers. This study maps the KRAS gene involved in colon cancer pathway using applications such as STRING version 11.0 and version 3.7.0 to provide a clear visualization of all the related and involved proteins and genes that interact with KRAS gene in the pathway.
Methods: Using KRAS as a seed, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed with 3391 interactions which were retrieved from the STRING version 11.0 database. The protein network interaction was further grouped into 6 clusters using the MCODE application. Molecular function and biological processes of the genes involved in the KRAS protein network were determined using Biological Networks Gene Ontology (BiNGO).
Results: According to the resulting protein-protein network interaction map, it revealed that KRAS mechanism and co-expressed genes interconnected with protein or enzyme binding, receptor signaling protein activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 binding.
Conclusion: Understanding these protein-protein interactions provide insight into cellular activities and thus aid in the understanding of the cause of disease.