bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principes voor goed lokaal bestuur in de digitale samenleving
Authors: Meijer Albert , Schäfer Mirko Tobias , Branderhorst Martiene 
Published: December 2019

Principles for good local governance in the digital society. A step towards a normative framework
This article presents a normative framework for good local governance in the digital society. We build on the five principles of Frank Hendriks (laid down in an article in Urban Affairs Review in 2014): participation, effectiveness, learning ability, procedural justice and accountability. An analysis of these five principles leads to the refinement of these principles for the digital society. The overarching points are that attention is needed for the possibility of human contact, that avoiding discrimination must be central, that higher demands are made with regard to speed of action, that the principles increasingly apply to networks of organizations, and that the principles increasingly apply to the design of systems. This overview thus provides concrete tools for organizations that want to reflect with citizens and stakeholders on the extent to which they are able to achieve good local governance in the digital society.
Open data ecosystemen: een kwalitatief vergelijkend onderzoek naar open data van lokale en regionale overheden
Authors: Wijnhof Rik , van den Berg Jochem , Ruijer Erna 
Published: December 2019

Open data ecosystems: a qualitative comparative study of open data from local and regional authorities
More and more government organizations are making data public with the aim of promoting innovation and democratic processes. But open data does not always lead to the desired impact. In this study the authors analyze why some organizations are successful in exploiting the potential of open data and others are not. This research uses an ecosystem approach to investigate similarities and differences between four organizations that use open data. This has revealed three factors that promote the ecosystem, namely the influence of other organizations that are also involved with open data such as the motivation for open data, the important role of innovation champions and the utilization of the user perspective. Three barriers have also emerged: the preparation of a suitable case question for open data, the difficult relationship between obtaining capacity and the expected yields and the difference in scale between issues and profitable data sets.
De ontslagbescherming van zeevarend personeel
Authors: van der Voet Gerdien 
Published: December 2019

De ontslagbescherming van zeevarend personeel
Binnen het arbeidsrecht en meer specifiek het ontslagrecht, kent de zeevarende een aparte positie. In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op de verschillende manieren waarop de zee-arbeidsovereenkomst kan eindigen en wordt aandacht besteed aan het recht op repatriëring van de ontslagen zeevarende. Daarbij wordt een vergelijking gemaakt met het reguliere ontslagrecht.
WABlief?
Authors: Beukhof Marit , Marijnissen Joanne , Rietveld Rachel , Scuric Vincent 
Published: December 2019

WABlief?
De Web Arbeidsmarkt in Balans wordt op korte termijn doorgevoerd. De algemene wijzigingen zijn al vaker beschreven, maar in dit artikel gaan de auteurs in op mogelijk knelpunten en onduidelijkheden in de wet zoals deze nu voorligt. Aandacht wordt besteed aan het ontslag-/vergoedingenrecht en aan de positie van de werknemer met een tijdelijke en/of oproep- of payrollovereenkomst.
Het in mindering brengen van inzetbaarheidskosten op de transitievergoeding
Authors: Steenis Erik , Hopmans Bart 
Published: December 2019

Het in mindering brengen van inzetbaarheidskosten op de transitievergoeding
Dit artikel behandelt de mogelijkheid om inzetbaarheidskosten in mindering te brengen op de transitievergoeding op grond van artikel 7:673 lid 6 sub b BW. Door de auteurs is onderzocht of de regeling in zijn huidige vorm effectief bijdraagt aan het bevorderen van de transitie van werk-naar-werk en het verhogen van de bredere inzetbaarheid van werknemers in Nederland. Dit lijkt niet het geval te zijn. De wijzigingen die zijn voorgesteld met de WAB lijken daar ook geen verandering in te brengen. Het artikel sluit af met een reeks aanbevelingen, waarmee de effectiviteit van de regeling kan worden vergroot.
Análisis de la adicción al smartphone en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Romero Rodríguez José María , Aznar Díaz Inmaculada 
Published: December 2019

Los smartphones son el dispositivo móvil más utilizado por parte de la población. Su uso se ha intensificado en los últimos años, dando lugar a comportamientos adictivos entre los más jóvenes. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar el grado de adicción al smartphone, determinar los factores sociodemográficos que influyen en la adicción y en la autoestima y establecer la correlación entre estas dos variables. La muestra se compuso por estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Granada (N = 385), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 46 años (M = 24,08; DT = 5,00). Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa aplicando dos escalas estandarizadas internacionalmente. Los hallazgos del estudio confirmaron un grado medio-alto en la adicción al smartphone, la influencia del tiempo de uso en la adicción al smartphone y la edad y la titulación académica como factores influyentes en la autoestima. Por otro lado, el modelo de ecuación estructural mostró una correlación negativa entre la adicción al smartphone y la autoestima. Finalmente, los datos obtenidos alertan del mal uso que los estudiantes universitarios le están dando a los dispositivos móviles y de la necesidad de implementar medidas para evitar comportamientos adictivos.
Smartphones are the mobile device most used by the population. Its use has intensified in recent years, leading to addictive behaviours among younger people. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the degree of smartphone addiction, determine the sociodemographic factors that influence addiction and self-esteem, and establish the correlation between these two variables. The sample was made up of university students from the Faculty of Education Sciences of the University of Granada (N = 385), aged between 18 and 46 (M = 24.08; DT = 5.00). A quantitative methodology was used applying two internationally standardized scales. The study findings confirmed a medium-high degree in smartphone addiction, the influence of usage time on smartphone addiction and age and academic degree as factors influencing self-esteem. On the other hand, the structural equation model showed a negative correlation between smartphone addiction and self-esteem. Finally, the data obtained warns of the misuse that university students are giving to mobile devices and the need to implement measures to prevent addictive behaviour.
Ocular Diseases in HIV-positive Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: O. Arowolo Modupe , Awoyesuku Elizabeth A. , Pedro-Egbe Chinyere N. 
Published: December 2019

Aims: To determine the pattern of ocular disorders in HIV-positive patients in a tertiary ospital in Nigeria.
Study Design: A cross-sectional hospital based study on confirmed HIV positive adult patients attending the HIV clinic in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
Duration of Study: November and December 2011.
Methodology: Consecutive patients within the inclusion criteria were recruited until the required sample size was met. The visual acuity was tested using the Snellen’s chart and the illiterate E-chart. Ocular examination of the adnexial and anterior segments were done using a pen torch and a slit lamp biomicroscope. Fundoscopy was done using a direct and indirect ophthalmoscope as well as with a 90D lens. Other information such as CD4 count and HIV serotype were retrieved from the patient’s case notes. The data was analysed using EPI-info version 7.0. Statistical methods such as the frequency and chi-square were used to test the significance of association. Level of significance was drawn at P<0.05.
Results: A total of 411 patients were enrolled in this study. The age range was between 18-69 years with a mean age of 36.9 years. There was a female preponderance with a male to female ratio of 1:2. Ocular disorders were seen in 37.1% of patients studied. The commonest manifestation was the ocular adnexial manifestation and conjunctival microvasculopathy ranked highest (15.6%) in this group. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was seen in 5 (1.2%) patients, presumed squamous cell carcinoma in 12(2.9%) and Kaposi sarcoma in 3(0.7%). Chorioretinitis was found in 12(2.9%), retinal microvasculopathy in 19(4.6%) and maculopathy in 15(3.6%). There was no case of CMV retinitis.
Conclusion: Ocular findings seen in HIV- positive patients were mostly adnexial and occurred in 37% of the study population.
Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Determination of an Important Flavonoid in Malva neglecta
Authors: Nayeem Akmal Naira , Imran Mohd. , Ali Mujtaba Mohammad 
Published: December 2019

Development of genuine and dependable analytical methods which profile marker phytoconstituents in an extract containing a mixture of several components is a challenging task. A simple, rapid, precise, and reliable HPLC method was developed for quantification of quercetin from the methanolic extract of Malva neglecta. The estimation was carried out using Phenomenex Gemini-NX-5 µm C18 .The parameters considered for validation were accuracy, precision, linearity and robustness. The calibration curve was found to be linear in a concentration range of 20–100 μg/mL.The correlation coefficient was r2=0.9996. The % average recovery of quercetin was found to be in the range of 99.82 to 100.52% which was within the acceptance criterion indicating the accuracy of the method. The results of the robustness study indicated that there is no influence of minor changes. The developed and validated method can be successfully used for the determination of quercetin in Malva neglecta; thereby helping in authentication and quality control of this plant.
Severe white matter damage in SHANK3 deficiency: a human and translational study
Authors: Jesse Sarah , Müller Hans‐Peter , Schoen Michael , Asoglu Harun , Bockmann Juergen , Huppertz Hans‐Juergen , Rasche Volker , Ludolph Albert C. , Boeckers Tobias M. , Kassubek Jan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveHeterozygous SHANK3 mutations or partial deletions of the long arm of chromosome 22, also known as Phelan–McDermid syndrome, result in a syndromic form of the autism spectrum as well as in global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and several neuropsychiatric comorbidities. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease are still far from being deciphered but studies of SHANK3 models have contributed to the understanding of how the loss of the synaptic protein SHANK3 affects neuronal function.Methods and resultsDiffusion tensor imaging‐based and automatic volumetric brain mapping were performed in 12 SHANK3‐deficient participants (mean age 19 ± 15 years) versus 14 age‐ and gender‐matched controls (mean age 29 ± 5 years). Using whole brain–based spatial statistics, we observed a highly significant pattern of white matter alterations in participants with SHANK3 mutations with focus on the long association fiber tracts, particularly the uncinate tract and the inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus. In contrast, only subtle gray matter volumetric abnormalities were detectable. In a back‐translational approach, we observed similar white matter alterations in heterozygous isoform–specific Shank3 knockout (KO) mice. Here, in the baseline data sets, the comparison of Shank3 heterozygous KO vs wildtype showed significant fractional anisotropy reduction of the long fiber tract systems in the KO model. The multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analysis by DTI and volumetry demonstrated a pathology pattern with severe white matter alterations and only subtle gray matter changes in the animal model.InterpretationIn summary, these translational data provide strong evidence that the SHANK3‐deficiency–associated pathomechanism presents predominantly with a white matter disease. Further studies should concentrate on the role of SHANK3 during early axonal pathfinding/wiring and in myelin formation.
Surface Plasmonic‐Assisted Photocatalysis and Optoelectronic Devices with Noble Metal Nanocrystals: Design, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Zada Amir , Muhammad Pir , Ahmad Waqas , Hussain Zahid , Ali Sharafat , Khan Maaz , Khan Qasim , Maqbool Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metals is known to improve the efficiency of various processes and devices. The photocatalytic process is the production of fuels and storage of solar photons in chemical bonds without imposing harmful threats to the environment. Photovoltaics are other devices utilizing solar energy for electrical energy. Similarly, other optoelectronic devices like photodetectors absorb photons and convert it into charges via electron–hole dissociation processes. In contrast, light‐emitting optoelectronic devices work based on the phenomenon of charge recombination to produce light. All these devices, however, have efficiency limitations, which impede the application of novel functional materials in these devices. A more direct approach is the utilization of noble metals and their complexes, which significantly enhance the efficiencies of these devices by SPR. This article highlights recent works and applications of noble metals by SPR‐enhanced photocatalysis for hydrogen evolution from water, CO2 conversion into useful compounds, and oxidation of hazardous pollutants. In addition, the plasmon‐enhancement of optoelectronic devices is summarized. Several possible mechanisms that have been previously reported in the literature are discussed in this work, with particular emphasis on different features of these mechanisms involving devices that are not highlighted and therefore need more attention.
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and Recording of Brain Activity using Freestanding Plant‐Based Conducting Polymer Hydrogel Composites
Authors: Spyropoulos George D. , Savarin Jeremy , Gomez Eliot F. , Simon Daniel T. , Berggren Magnus , Gelinas Jennifer N. , Stavrinidou Eleni , Khodagholy Dion 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTranscranial electrical stimulation is a noninvasive neurostimulation technique with a wide range of therapeutic applications. However, current electrode materials are typically not optimized for this abiotic/biotic interface which requires high charge capacity, operational stability, and conformability. Here, a plant‐based composite electrode material based on the combination of aloe vera (AV) hydrogel and a conducting polymer (CP; poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate, PEDOT:PSS) is reported. This material system is fabricated into films and provides biocompatibility, conformability, and stability, while offering desirable electrical properties of the PEDOT:PSS. AVCP films are also molded onto the rough surface of the skull leading to a mechanically stable and robust interface. The in vivo efficacy of the AVCP films is verified to function as stimulating and recording electrodes by placing them on the skull of a rat and concomitantly inducing focal seizures and acquiring the evoked neural activity. AVCP films pave the way for high‐quality biological interfaces that are broadly applicable and can facilitate advances in closed‐loop responsive stimulation devices.
Genetic Hallmarks and Heterogeneity of Glioblastoma in the Single‐Cell Omics Era
Authors: Degl'Innocenti Andrea , di Leo Nicoletta , Ciofani Gianni 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumor. As implied by its name, the disease displays impressive intrinsic heterogeneity. Among other complications, inter‐ and intratumoral diversity hamper glioblastoma research and therapy, typically leaving patients with little hope for long‐term survival. Extensive genetic analyses, including omics, characterize several recurrent mutations. However, confounding factors mask crucial aspects of the pathology to conventional bulk approaches. In recent years, single‐cell omics have made their first appearance in cancer research, and the methodology is about to reach its full potential for glioblastoma too. Here, recent glioblastoma single‐cell omics investigations are reviewed, and most promising routes toward less grim prognoses and more efficient therapeutics are discussed.
Fluorometric Imaging for Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lee Jeong Heon , Jung Sang Youn , Park G. Kate , Bao Kai , Hyun Hoon , El Fakhri Georges , Choi Hak Soo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEarly diagnosis and monitoring of disease progress are of significant importance in the effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because the continuing inflammation can lead to irreversible joint damage and systemic complications. However, applying imaging modalities for the prognosis of RA remains challenging, because no tissue‐specific guidelines are available to monitor the progressive course of RA. In this study, fluorometric imaging of RA is reported using bioengineered targeted agents of the blood vessel, bone, and cartilage in combination with the customized optical fluorescence imaging system. Separate but simultaneous tissue‐specific images of synovitis, cartilage destruction, and bone resorption are obtained from a mouse model of RA, which allows quantification of the prognosis of diseases at each stage. Thus, the fluorometric imaging of RA by using tissue‐specific contrast agents plays a key role in the systemic treatment of RA by monitoring structural damage and disease progression.
Dynamic Complex‐to‐Complex Transformations of Heterobimetallic Systems Influence the Cage Structure or Spin State of Iron(II) Ions
Authors: Hardy Matthias , Struch Niklas , Holstein Julian J. , Schnakenburg Gregor , Wagner Norbert , Engeser Marianne , Beck Johannes , Clever Guido H. , Lützen Arne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo new heterobimetallic cages, a trigonal‐bipyramidal and a cubic one, were assembled from the same mononuclear metalloligand by adopting the molecular library approach, using iron(II) and palladium(II) building blocks. The ligand system was designed to readily assemble through subcomponent self‐assembly. It allowed the introduction of steric strain at the iron(II) centres, which stabilizes its paramagnetic high‐spin state. This steric strain was utilized to drive dynamic complex‐to‐complex transformations with both the metalloligand and heterobimetallic cages. Addition of sterically less crowded subcomponents as a chemical stimulus transformed all complexes to their previously reported low‐spin analogues. The metalloligand and bipyramid incorporated the new building block more readily than the cubic cage, probably because the geometric structure of the sterically crowded metalloligand favours the cube formation. Furthermore it was possible to provoke structural transformations upon addition of more favourable chelating ligands, converting the cubic structures into bipyramidal ones.
Chemical composition and anti‐complement activity of Glechomae Herba collected in different months
Authors: Luo Yun , Wen Quan , Yang Shilin , Feng Yulin , Tan Ting 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGlechomae Herba (GH) is derived from the dried aerial part of Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr., which is harvested from spring to autumn. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxification. The aim of this paper was to study the chemical composition and the anti‐complement activity of GH collected in different months. Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry based on predicted compounds screening and diagnostic ion filter strategy was developed for identifying the chemical composition of GH collected in different months. A total of 102 compounds—40 chlorogenic acids (CGAs), 32 phenolic acids, and 30 flavonoids—were reasonably identified in GH. Thirty‐four CGAs were discovered in GH for the first time. The correlations between chemical compositions and anti‐complement activities of GH collected in different months were analyzed. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were found to be negatively correlated with anti‐complement activity, and CGAs were positively correlated with anti‐complement activity. At the same time, six CGA standards had obvious anti‐complement activity. It was demonstrated that different harvest months had a significant impact on the difference in chemical composition and anti‐complement activity of GH. And CGAs might play an important role in the anti‐complement activity of GH.
Perceval sutureless valve migration treated by valve‐in‐valve with a CoreValve Evolut Pro
Authors: Laricchia Alessandra , Mangieri Antonio , Colombo Antonio , Giannini Francesco 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the last years, the use of sutureless devices in frail patients with severe aortic stenosis has increased thanks to their “easier and faster” technique of implantation in comparison to conventional surgery. Results from metanalysis show comparable outcomes in comparison to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in terms of mortality, stroke incidence, and rate of pace‐maker implantation. The incidence of para‐valvular leak (PVL) is even lower for sutureless devices than for TAVR. The few cases described are generally due to incomplete decalcification or incorrect valve sizing and consequent stent distortion. To our knowledge this is the first case describing PVL with massive aortic regurgitation due to early partial embolization of a Perceval valve and its successfully treatment with valve‐in‐valve by using a self‐expanding TAVR device.
Cooperative Palladium and Copper Catalysis: One‐pot Synthesis of Diamino‐Substituted Naphthalenes from Aryl Halides, 1,4‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)butadiyne and Amines
Authors: Li Yuan , Qiu Shaozhong , Fan Ling , Yin Guodong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA one‐pot method for the preparation of diamino‐substituted naphthalene derivatives from easily available starting materials aryl halides, 1,4‐bis(trimethylsilyl)butadiyne and amines is developed. Two C−N bonds, three C−C bonds and one aromatic ring are formed in this domino process. This transformation is achieved by the cooperative catalysis of Pd(OAc)2, Cu(Xantphos)I and Cu(OTf)2. A possible double Sonogashira coupling/hydroamination/ benzannulation reaction route is proposed.
Ionic Polyimide Derived Porous Carbon Nanosheets as High‐Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Tu Kejun , Zou Lingyi , Yang Chongqing , Su Yuezeng , Lu Chenbao , Zhu Jinhui , Zhang Fan , Ke Changchun , Zhuang Xiaodong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanosheets (2DPCs) have attracted great attention for their good porosity and long‐distance conductivity. Factors such as templates, precursors, and carbonization–activation methods, directly determine their performance. However, rational design and preparation of porous carbon materials with controlled 2D morphology and heteroatom dopants remains a challenge. Therefore, an ionic polyimide with both sp2‐ and sp3‐hybridized nitrogen atoms was prepared as a precursor for fabricating N‐doped hexagonal porous carbon nanosheets through a hard‐template approach. Because of the large surface area and efficient charge‐mass transport, the resulting activated 2D porous carbon nanosheets (2DPCs‐a) displayed promising electrocatalytic properties for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline and acidic media, such as ultralow half‐wave potential (0.83 vs. 0.84 V of Pt/C) and superior limiting current density (5.42 vs. 5.14 mA cm−2 of Pt/C). As air cathodes in Zn–air batteries, the as‐developed 2DPCs‐a exhibited long stability and high capacity (up to 614 mA h g−1), which are both higher than those of commercial Pt/C. This work provides a convenient method for controllable and scalable 2DPCs fabrication as well as new opportunities to develop high‐efficiency electrocatalysts for ORR and Zn–air batteries.