bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroeconomic modeling of resource recovery from wastewater: Implications for water quality and quantity management
Authors: Kuwayama Yusuke , Olmstead Sheila M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEmerging technologies and practices allow wastewater treatment facilities to recover valuable resources such as nutrients, energy, and recycled water during the wastewater treatment process. The ability to recover resources from wastewater introduces new tradeoffs in both water quality and quantity management. In particular, the fact that communities can obtain revenue from the sale of resources that are recovered from wastewater may help internalize the externalities of insufficient wastewater treatment. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to characterize these tradeoffs within a hydroeconomic framework of optimal wastewater treatment with resource recovery, which is particularly well suited for applications in nutrient management. We use this model to derive analytical results that describe the economically optimal level of deployment, accounting for the fact that the technology or practice is costly and it generates benefits in the form of revenue from the recovered resource, as well as other societal benefits, such as improvements in human and ecosystem health. In addition, we present two examples using specific functional forms for treatment costs to demonstrate how the model can be applied to obtain general principles regarding societally optimal deployment. Our hydroeconomic framework can be used to explore the socioeconomic implications of strategies that target deployment of wastewater treatment with resource recovery, especially nutrients, at multiple scales.
Antibiotic resistance gene profile changes in cropland soil after manure application and rainfall
Authors: Meyers Morgan A. , Durso Lisa M. , Gilley John E. , Waldrip Heidi M. , Castleberry Lana , Millmier‐Schmidt Amy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLand application of manure introduces gastrointestinal microbes into the environment, including bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Measuring soil ARGs is important for active stewardship efforts to minimize gene flow from agricultural production systems; however, the variety of sampling protocols and target genes makes it difficult to compare ARG results between studies. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to characterize and/or quantify 27 ARG targets in soils from 20 replicate, long‐term no‐till plots, before and after swine manure application and simulated rainfall and runoff. All samples were negative for the 10 b‐lactamase genes assayed. For tetracycline resistance, only source manure and post‐application soil samples were positive. The mean number of macrolide, sulfonamide, and integrase genes increased in post‐application soils when compared with source manure, but at plot level only, 1/20, 5/20, and 11/20 plots post‐application showed an increase in erm(B), sulI, and intI1, respectively. Results confirmed the potential for temporary blooms of ARGs after manure application, likely linked to soil moisture levels. Results highlight uneven distribution of ARG targets, even within the same soil type and at the farm plot level. This heterogeneity presents a challenge for separating effects of manure application from background ARG noise under field conditions and needs to be considered when designing studies to evaluate the impact of best management practices to reduce ARG or for surveillance. We propose expressing normalized quantitative PCR (qPCR) ARG values as the number of ARG targets per 100,000 16S ribosomal RNA genes for ease of interpretation and to align with incidence rate data.
Conventional and microwave reactions of 1,3‐diaryl‐5,4‐enaminonitrile‐pyrazole derivative with expected antimicrobial and anticancer activities
Authors: Anwer Kurls E. , Sayed Galal H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe present study illustrates conventional and microwave reactions of 5‐amino‐1,3‐diaryl‐pyrazole‐4‐carbonitrile derivative with phenacyl bromide under different conditions, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, tetrahydrofuran, phthalic anhydride, and cyanoacetic acid. The product of the latter reaction condensed with hydrazine and cyclohexanone to give the pyrazolotriazepine acetonitrile and cyclohexylidene derivatives. The new cyclohexylidene is used as key intermediate to synthesize some new spiro compounds. The behavior of the starting compound with benzaldehyde, ethylenediamine, phenylenediamine, sodium azide, 1‐amino‐2‐hydroxynaphthalene‐7‐sulphonic acid, diethylmalonate, terephthalaldehyde, acetyl chloride, and acetic anhydride were also investigated. The new compounds structures were established from spectroscopic data. Some of the new pyrazole derivatives showed antibacterial and anticancer activities.
RBCK1‐related disease: A rare multisystem disorder with polyglucosan storage, auto‐inflammation, recurrent infections, skeletal, and cardiac myopathy—Four additional patients and a review of the current literature
Authors: Phadke Rahul , Hedberg‐Oldfors Carola , Scalco Renata S. , Lowe David M. , Ashworth Michael , Novelli Marco , Vara Roshni , Merwick Aine , Amer Halima , Sofat Reecha , Sugarman Max , Jovanovic Ana , Roberts Mark , Nakou Vasiliki , King Andrew , Bodi Istvan , Jungbluth Heinz , Oldfors Anders , Murphy Elaine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this article, we report four new patients, from three kindreds, with pathogenic variants in RBCK1 and a multisystem disorder characterised by widespread polyglucosan storage. We describe the clinical presentation of progressive skeletal and cardiac myopathy, combined immunodeficiencies and auto‐inflammation, illustrate in detail the histopathological findings in multiple tissue types, and report muscle MRI findings.
Meta‐Analysis of Efficacy of Rhubarb Combined With Early Enteral Nutrition for the Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Chen Xinrong , Yang Kun , Jing Guanda , Yang Jie , Li Ka 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhether to provide rhubarb combined with early enteral nutrition (rhubarb/EEN) to patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically explore the efficacy and safety of rhubarb/EEN in SAP patients.MethodsWe performed searches in EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (SinoMed), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang database to identify relevant literature comparing rhubarb/EEN with EEN for SAP.ResultsEleven randomized controlled trials (724 patients) were included. Meta‐analysis showed significantly shorter length of hospital stay (days) (mean difference [MD], −4.49; 95% CI, −6.09 to −2.90; P < .00001), shorter length of intensive care unit stay (days) (MD, −2.82; 95% CI, −4.00 to −1.64; P < .00001), shorter length of severe abdominal pain (days) (MD, −2.20; 95% CI, −2.50 to −1.90; P < .00001), shorter length of abdominal distention (days) (MD, −2.31; 95% CI, −2.84 to −1.78; P < .00001), shorter length of abnormal bowel sounds (days) (MD, −0.98; 95% CI, −1.12 to −0.88; P < .00001), less hospitalization expenditure ($1422.75/¥ 10,000) (MD, −1.40; 95% CI, −1.23 to −0.73; P < .00001), and smaller Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores (points) (MD, −2.18; 95% CI, −2.81 to −1.56; P < .00001) in the rhubarb/EEN group than in the EEN group. Compared with EEN, rhubarb/EEN group had lower levels of white blood cells (109/L) (MD, −2.77; 95% CI, −3.80 to −1.74; P < .00001), C‐reactive protein (mg/L) (MD, −10.71; 95% CI, −13.40 to −8.02; P < .00001), and interleukin‐6 (ng/L) (MD, −8.02; 95% CI, −11.38 to −4.65; P < .00001). However, there were no significant differences (P > .05) between the 2 groups in terms of mortality rate (%) (P = .40), infection rate (%) (P = .28), and incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (%) (P = .09), but the overall effective rate was higher in the rhubarb/EEN group (MD, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.22 to ≈5.42; P = .01).ConclusionsCombination of EEN and rhubarb may improve the gastrointestinal function, inhibit systemic inflammation and disease severity, and enhance the efficacy of enteral nutrition, leading to better therapeutic effectiveness in SAP patients.
Effect of 6‐thioguanine, as an electrolyte additive, on the electrochemical behavior of an Al–air battery
Authors: Hou Changsheng , Chen Shixing , Wang Zuokai , Wang Guixiang , Dong Guojun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, the electrochemical behavior of an Al–air battery is improved by mixing 6‐thioguanine into 4.0 M NaOH electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the Al electrodes is analyzed using potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic oxidation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The surface morphology of the Al electrodes after discharging for 1,000 s is characterized using scanning electron microscopy coupled with X‐ray elemental mapping for Al, O, C, N, and S. Furthermore, the utilization efficiencies of these samples are also determined. The results show that the corrosion resistance of the Al electrodes initially increases and then decreases with an increase in 6‐thioguanine concentration. The presence of 6‐thioguanine enhances the corrosion resistance to the maximum, with a corrosion current density (Icorr) of 6.170 mA/cm2, and corrosion inhibition efficiency (η) of 36.56%, at 0.5 mM of 6‐thioguanine.
Effect of cold rolling on microstructure, corrosion and electrochemical response of the lean duplex stainless steel LDX 2101® by a correlative EBSD–SKPFM investigation
Authors: Fuertes Nuria , Pettersson Rachel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study elucidates the effect of cold rolling on the microstructure, corrosion and electrochemical response of the lean duplex stainless steel LDX 2101®. With thickness reductions of 0%, 20% and 40%, three different specimens are investigated in terms of microstructure (electron backscattered diffraction [EBSD] and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy [EDS]), corrosion properties (ASTM G150, ASTM G61 and field testing), passive film properties (X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and electrochemical response (scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy [SKPFM]). It is shown that deformation of LDX 2101 leads to changes in the microstructure such as mechanical twinning and martensite formation. The combination of EBSD, EDS and SKPFM maps shows that the work function is clearly dependent on composition, deformation and local misorientation, but not on the crystallographic orientation of the grains in the microstructure. Zones with low work function are seen to have the highest pitting susceptibility, which includes deformed ferritic, martensitic phase and areas with a high concentration of dislocations such as grain boundaries and mechanical twins. The overall conclusion is that cold deformation up to a 40% thickness reduction has a significant influence on the microstructure, but a small impact on the corrosion resistance of LDX 2101.
An analysis of social media marketing strategy and performance in the context of fashion brands: The case of Taiwan
Authors: Wu Chih‐Wen , Guaita Martínez José Manuel , Martín Martín José María 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examines the social media strategy and performance of fashion brands. Drawing upon the resource‐based view, the study explores the influence of entrepreneurial orientation, innovation orientation, and market orientation on social media strategy and performance. Analysis was conducted using data on 207 Taiwanese fashion brands. These data were collected from a mail survey. Structural equation modeling and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis were used to test the empirical relationships proposed in the research hypotheses. The results indicate that social media strategy affects performance; entrepreneurial orientation and innovation orientation affect social media strategy; entrepreneurial orientation positively affects performance; and innovation orientation and market orientation positively affect performance.
5‐amino‐2‐methylpyridinium hydrogen fumarate: An XRD and NMR crystallography analysis
Authors: Corlett Emily K. , Blade Helen , Hughes Leslie P. , Sidebottom Philip J. , Walker David , Walton Richard I. , Brown Steven P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSingle‐crystal X‐ray diffraction structures of the 5‐amino‐2‐methylpyridinium hydrogen fumarate salt have been solved at 150 and 300 K (CCDC 1952142 and 1952143). A base–acid–base–acid ring is formed through pyridinium‐carboxylate and amine‐carboxylate hydrogen bonds that hold together chains formed from hydrogen‐bonded hydrogen fumarate ions. 1H and 13C chemical shifts as well as 14N shifts that additionally depend on the quadrupolar interaction are determined by experimental magic angle spinning (MAS) solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gauge‐including projector‐augmented wave (GIPAW) calculation. Two‐dimensional homonuclear 1H‐1H double‐quantum (DQ) MAS and heteronuclear 1H‐13C and 14N‐1H spectra are presented. Only small differences of up to 0.1 and 0.6 ppm for 1H and 13C are observed between GIPAW calculations starting with the two structures solved at 150 and 300 K (after geometry optimisation of atomic positions, but not unit cell parameters). A comparison of GIPAW‐calculated 1H chemical shifts for isolated molecules and the full crystal structures is indicative of hydrogen bonding strength.
Quality control of uroflowmetry and urodynamic data from two large multicenter studies of male lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Aiello Martino , Jelski Joseph , Lewis Amanda , Worthington Jo , McDonald Charlotte , Abrams Paul , Gammie Andrew , Harding Chris , Biers Suzanne , Hashim Hashim , Lane J. Athene , Drake Marcus J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimThe International Continence Society (ICS) has standardized quality control and interpretation of uroflowmetry and urodynamics. We evaluated traces from two large studies of male lower urinary tract symptoms (UPSTREAM and UNBLOCS) against ICS standards of urodynamic equipment and practice.MethodsTen percent of uroflowmetry and urodynamics traces were selected at random from hospital sites. A data capture template was designed from the ICS Fundamentals of Urodynamic Practice checklist. Two pretrained blinded assessors extracted the data, with a third assessor to arbitrate. Departmental records of calibration checks and equipment maintenance were scrutinized.ResultsSeven out of twenty‐five (28%) departments reported no calibration checks. Four sites (16%) could not provide annual service records. In 32 out of 296 (10.8%) uroflowmetry traces, findings were affected by artifact. One hundred ten urodynamic study traces were reviewed; in 11 records (10%), key pressure traces were incompletely displayed. In 30 (27.2%), reference zero was not set to atmospheric pressure. Resting pressures were outside the expected range for 36 (32.7%). Pressure drift was seen in 18 traces (16.4%). At pressure‐flow study commencement, permission to void was omitted in 15 (13.6%). Cough testing after voiding was done in 71.2%, but the resulting cough spikes were significantly different in 16.5%. Erroneous diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) was identified in six cases (5.5%).ConclusionsErroneous diagnosis of BOO is a serious error of interpretation, as it could lead to unnecessary surgery. Other errors of standardization, testing, and interpretation were identified with lower risk of adverse implications. Inconsistent documentation of service records mean equipment accuracy is uncertain.
Molecular Recognition by Zn(II)‐Capped Dynamic Foldamers
Authors: Eccles Natasha , della Sala Flavio , Le Bailly Bryden A. F. , Whitehead George F. S. , Clayden Jonathan , Webb Simon J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo α‐aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) foldamers bearing Zn(II)‐chelating N‐termini have been synthesized and compared with a reported Aib foldamer that has a bis(quinolinyl)/mono(pyridyl) cap (BQPA group). Replacement of the quinolinyl arms of the BQPA‐capped foldamer with pyridyl gave a BPPA‐capped foldamer, then further replacement of the linking pyridyl with a 1,2,3‐triazole gave a BPTA‐capped foldamer. Their ability to relay chiral information from carboxylate bound to Zn(II) at the N‐terminus to a glycinamide‐based NMR reporter of conformational preference at the C‐terminus was measured. The importance of the quinolinyl arms became readily apparent, as the foldamers with pyridyl arms were unable to report on the presence of chiral carboxylate in acetonitrile. Low solubility, X‐ray crystallography and 1H NMR spectroscopy suggested that interfoldamer interactions inhibited carboxylate binding. However changing solvent to methanol revealed that the end‐to‐end relay of chiral information could be observed for the Zn(II) complex of the BPTA‐capped foldamer at low temperature.
Structural considerations for charge‐enhanced Brønsted acid catalysts
Authors: Payne Curtis , Kass Steven R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAll three N‐methylated and N‐protonated hydroxypyridinium BArF4– salt isomers were synthesized and their hydrogen bond donating abilities were investigated. DFT and G4 theory computations along with IR spectroscopic measurements were found to be effective methods for predicting the catalytic activities of these O–H and N–H Brønsted acids. A UV‐vis titration approach for rapidly quantifying hydrogen bond donating ability revealed that carbon‐hydrogen bonds also can participate in electrostatic interactions, but the presence of multiple equilibrium complexes results in a limitation of this method. In the methylated series of hydroxypyridines, the ortho and para isomers displayed modest rate enhancements relative to the meta derivative. Protonation introduces a new acidic site and the ortho hydroxypyridinium ion salt is a significantly more active catalyst than all of the other species examined. This is indicative of bidentate activation by the N–H and O–H acidic sites, and suggests a new design strategy for improving charge‐enhanced catalysts.
Hyaluronic acid vinyl esters: A toolbox toward controlling mechanical properties of hydrogels for 3D microfabrication
Authors: Zerobin Elise , Markovic Marica , Tomášiková Zuzana , Qin Xiao‐Hua , Ret Davide , Steinbauer Patrick , Kitzmüller Jakob , Steiger Wolfgang , Gruber Peter , Ovsianikov Aleksandr , Liska Robert , Baudis Stefan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, a thorough exploration of constitutional parameters of thiol‐ene photocrosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid vinyl ester was conducted in order to decipher their impact on material properties. These constitutional parameters originated from the process of synthesis (macromer size and degree of substitution) and from the process of formulation (photoinitiator concentration, macromer content, and thiol‐to‐ene ratio). Various macromers were obtained with a broad variety of degrees of substitution. Photorheology measurements were performed in order to determine the influence of the structure parameters on photoreactivity and the physical properties of hydrogels. Final crosslink densities and photoreactivities dramatically increase with increasing number of functional groups, macromer concentrations as well as with photoinitiator concentration. Swellabilities of the hydrogels were determined as complementary reference values. Mass swelling ratios as well as mass loss increased with decreasing degree of substitution as a result of increased mesh size and hydrophilicity. Finally, hyaluronic acid vinyl ester formulations were used to encapsulate fluorescent‐labeled immortalized human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in 3D via UV and by high‐resolution two‐photon polymerization. Cell‐survival was successfully studied via confocal laser scanning microscopy during the course of 2 weeks.
Plasma medical oncology: Immunological interpretation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Witzke Katharina , Seebauer Christian , Jesse Katja , Kwiatek Elisa , Berner Julia , Semmler Marie‐Luise , Boeckmann Lars , Emmert Steffen , Weltmann Klaus‐Dieter , Metelmann Hans‐Robert , Bekeschus Sander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe prognosis of patients suffering from advanced‐stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor. Medical gas plasma therapy receives growing attention as a novel anticancer modality. Our recent prospective observational study on HNSCC patients suffering from contaminated tumor ulcerations without lasting remission after first‐line anticancer therapy showed remarkable efficacy of gas plasma treatment, with the ulcerated tumor surface decreasing by up to 80%. However, tumor growth relapsed, and this biphasic response may be a consequence of immunological and molecular changes in the tumor microenvironment that could be caused by (a) immunosuppression, (b) tumor cell adaption, (c) loss of microbe‐induced immunostimulation, and/or (d) stromal cell adaption. These considerations may be vital for the design of clinical plasma trials in the future.
Chainmail Catalyst of Fe3O4@C/CNTO‐Modified Celgard Separator with Low Metal Loading for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Du Jingguang , Ahmed Waqas , Xu Jie , Zhang Mingyuan , Zhang Zhiliang , Zhang Xinsheng , Niu Dongfang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeveloping the conductive and catalytic composite interface is an efficient way to boost up the conversion of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) that can effectively resolve the shuttle effect. Besides, achieving the high performance with low metal loading has practical significance for the commercialization of lithium–sulfur (Li−S) batteries. Herein, the chainmail catalyst of Fe3O4@C/CNTO was prepared by annealing the iron phthalocyanine (FePc)/oxidized carbon nanotubes (CNTO) precursor in which FePc was used as iron and carbon sources and CNTO was functionalized as oxygen source and catalyst support. The conductive composite catalyst with low metal loading (5.4 wt%) was applied into the coating layer of Celgard separator with duplex functions in trapping and catalyzing intercepted LiPSs for high‐performance Li−S batteries. This work can help us to understand the importance of conductive and catalytic composite interface for promotion of LiPSs conversion and also offer a more feasible synthesis method of electrocatalyst for other energy storage systems.
Distortion‐Free Sensing of Neural Activity Using Graphene Transistors
Authors: Garcia‐Cortadella Ramon , Masvidal‐Codina Eduard , De la Cruz Jose M. , Schäfer Nathan , Schwesig Gerrit , Jeschke Christoph , Martinez‐Aguilar Javier , Sanchez‐Vives Maria V. , Villa Rosa , Illa Xavi , Sirota Anton , Guimerà Anton , Garrido Jose A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGraphene solution‐gated field‐effect transistors (g‐SGFETs) are promising sensing devices to transduce electrochemical potential signals in an electrolyte bath. However, distortion mechanisms in g‐SGFET, which can affect signals of large amplitude or high frequency, have not been evaluated. Here, a detailed characterization and modeling of the harmonic distortion and non‐ideal frequency response in g‐SGFETs is presented. This accurate description of the input–output relation of the g‐SGFETs allows to define the voltage‐ and frequency‐dependent transfer functions, which can be used to correct distortions in the transduced signals. The effect of signal distortion and its subsequent calibration are shown for different types of electrophysiological signals, spanning from large amplitude and low frequency cortical spreading depression events to low amplitude and high frequency action potentials. The thorough description of the distortion mechanisms presented in this article demonstrates that g‐SGFETs can be used as distortion‐free signal transducers not only for neural sensing, but also for a broader range of applications in which g‐SGFET sensors are used.