bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stem cell transplantation from a haploidentical donor versus a genoidentical sister for adult male patients with acute myelogenous leukemia in first remission: A retrospective study from the acute leukemia working party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Gorin Norbert‐Claude , Labopin Myriam , Blaise Didier , de Groot Marco , Socié Gerard , Bourhis Jean Henri , Ciceri Fabio , Polge Emmanuelle , Nagler Arnon , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundIn adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a matched sibling donor (MSD) is considered the first choice for an allogeneic transplantation. However, a female donor for a male recipient is a poor prognostic factor. The authors compared haploidentical (HAPLO) donors with female MSDs.MethodsIn total, 834 men underwent allogenic transplantation from a female MSD, and 232 men underwent allogenic transplantation from a HAPLO donor. Of these, 86% of HAPLO recipients and 3% of MSD recipients received graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis posttransplantation with high‐dose cyclophosphamide. A significant qualitative interaction was observed between donor type and cytogenetics, Therefore, the analyses were stratified on cytogenetics.ResultsOf the men with intermediate‐risk AML, 638 received transplantation from a female MSD, and 160 received transplantation from a HAPLO donor. In multivariate analysis, poor risk factors were a HAPLO donor versus an MSD for nonrelapse mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7;P = .02) and patient age for nonrelapse mortality and overall survival (HR, 1.22 [P = .02] and 1.15 [P = .02], respectively). HAPLO transplantation resulted in less chronic GVHD (HR, 0.43;P < 10−4) but lower leukemia‐free survival (HR, 1.7;P = .04). The GVHD/relapse‐free survival (GRFS) was not different. Of the men with high‐risk AML, 196 received transplantation from a female MSD, and 72 received transplantation from a HAPLO donor. By multivariate analysis, HAPLO recipients had a lower incidence of relapse (HR, 0.40;P = .004), better leukemia‐free survival (HR, 0.46;P = .003), better overall survival (HR, 0.43;P = .003), and better GRFS (HR, 0.54;P = .006).ConclusionsIn men who have intermediate‐risk AML, allogenic transplantation from a sister MSD or a HAPLO donor produces similar GRFS. However, in men who have high‐risk AML, a HAPLO donor combined with prophylactic high‐dose cyclophosphamide posttransplantation may be a better choice.
A new finite‐element shell model for arterial growth and remodeling after stent implantation
Authors: Laubrie Joan D. , Mousavi Jamaleddin S. , Avril Stéphane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to study computationally how blood vessels adapt when they are exposed to a mechanobiological insult, namely, a sudden change of their biomechanical conditions such as proteolytic injuries or implantation. Adaptation occurs through growth and remodeling (G&R), consisting of mass production or removal of structural proteins, such as collagen, until restoring the initial homeostatic biomechanical conditions. In some circumstances, the initial conditions can never be recovered, and arteries evolve towards unstable pathological conditions, such as aneurysms, which are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, computational predictions of G&R under different circumstances can be helpful in understanding fundamentally how arterial pathologies progress. For that, we have developed a low‐cost open‐source finite‐element 2D axisymmetric shell model (FEM) of the arterial wall. The constitutive equations for static equilibrium used to model the stress‐strain behavior and the G&R response are expressed within the homogenized constrained mixture theory. The originality is to integrate the layer‐specific behavior of both arterial layers (media and adventitia) into the model. Considering different mechanobiological insults, our results show that the resulting arterial dilatation is strongly correlated with the media thickness. The adaptation to stent implantation is particularly interesting. For large stent oversizing ratios, the artery cannot recover from the mechanobiological insult and dilates forever, whereas dilatation stabilizes after a transient period for more moderate oversizing ratios. We also show that stent implantation induces a different response in an aneurysm or in a healthy artery, the latter yielding more unstable G&R. Finally, our G&R model can efficiently predict, with very low computational cost, fundamental aspects of arterial adaptation induced by clinical procedures.
Local Boundedness and Harnack Inequality for Solutions of Linear Nonuniformly Elliptic Equations
Authors: Bella Peter , Schäffner Mathias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe study local regularity properties for solutions of linear, nonuniformly elliptic equations. Assuming certain integrability conditions on the coefficient field, we prove local boundedness and Harnack inequality. The assumed integrability assumptions are essentially sharp and improve upon classical results by Trudinger. We then apply the deterministic regularity results to the corrector equation in stochastic homogenization and establish sublinearity of the corrector. © 2019 the Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics is published by the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Clinical and cytological features
Authors: Kapatia Gargi , Kaur Amarjot , Rastogi Pulkit , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind , Dey Pranab 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionHematopoiesis usually occurs in bone marrow in adults and when it occurs at sites except for bone marrow, it is termed as extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). It is usually found in organs, which are vigorously involved in fetal hematopoiesis, including liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. FNAC is easy and rapid method to diagnose EMH.AimTo study the spectrum of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) on fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Material and methodsA total of 10 patients who were diagnosed with EMH on FNAC were studied over a period of 5.5 years. Smears were stained with May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E). The detailed clinical and cytomorphological spectrum of EMH were studied.ResultsThe mean age of the patient was 42.5 years, with age ranging between 14 and 78 years. The commonest site of EMH was lymph node (n = 8, 80%) followed by paravertebral area (n = 2, 20%). Clinical diagnosis was EMH in just one case. Mean hemoglobin of the patient was 7.9 g/L. Bone marrow examination was available in 6 cases. On FNAC, we saw variable mixture of bone marrow elements including megakaryocytes (2.6%, 0‐6%), myelocytes and metamyelocytes (29.2%, 18‐33%), erythroid precursors (3.2%, 0‐7%), polymorphs (21.7%, 10‐36%), blasts (1.1%, 0‐4%), eosinophils (2.5%, 0‐7%), and lymphocytes (39.7%, 21‐60%).ConclusionCytopathologists must be alert of the clinical as well as cytological spectrum of extramedullary hematopoiesis for greater accuracy in diagnosis and to escape pitfalls in its diagnosis.
Improving conservation strategies of raptors through landscape ecology analysis: The case of the endemic Cuban Black Hawk
Authors: Ferrer‐Sánchez Yarelys , Rodríguez‐Estrella Ricardo , Martínez‐Morales Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Raptor species conservation should consider a landscape perspective in order to include habitat requirements associated to large home ranges around nesting sites. Landscape analysis can help to better understand raptor habitat requirements and the degree of tolerance to habitat changes at different scales.
We used a landscape ecology perspective to determine the nesting habitat selection of endemic and endangered Cuban Black Hawk, and using ecological niche modeling, we obtained the potential distribution of nests to evaluate the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) for raptor conservation.
Nesting habitat selection was related to breeding success at a landscape scale using data from 27 different nesting sites during 2012–2013 breeding seasons. The potential nesting areas distribution was compared with current officially PAs design in the central region of Cuba.
All nests were located in mangrove swamp. Pairs chose nesting sites with low soil–vegetation moisture and low soil reflectance. At the landscape level, they selected low shape complexity of patches and few patches of coastal vegetation around nesting sites which contained similar mangrove patch size and shape. The potential distribution of nests increased close to the coastline. The model predicted a suitable narrow area of 556 km2, and the most favorable nesting area represented 2% of this total. 33% of nests were located within officially natural protected areas while 27% were close to or inside highly threatened areas. A 16% of high to medium suitable nesting habitat overlaps with urban areas. Currently, PAs contain 23% of the nesting area distribution.
Our study shows landscape ecology and nest‐site selection approach is crucial to evaluate the persistence of Cuban Black Hawk, as environmental variables and human activity can be related to its productivity. This approach can be applied in conservation strategies of island raptors.
Bacterial communities’ taxonomic and functional turnovers both accurately predict marine benthic ecological quality status
Authors: Cordier Tristan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe acquisition of biodiversity data is of prime importance to perform an efficient ecosystem management and ensure the sustainable provisioning of marine ecosystem services. Recent efforts are enforcing environmental genomic methodologies, especially environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, as a way forward to document biodiversity in a faster and cost‐effective way. Currently implemented biomonitoring regulations, such as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), rely on benthic macroinvertebrate indicator taxa to compute biotic indices (BIs) values and derive an ecological quality assessment. Recent work demonstrated that targeting those macroinvertebrates remains challenging, because of various technical and biological biases. Instead, bacterial communities’ profiles depicted by eDNA metabarcoding data have been shown to mirror macroinvertebrate communities’ variation and can be used to accurately predict the BI values using supervised machine learning (SML). Other studies showed that functional profiles, as obtained by metagenomic or metatranscriptomic approaches, vary along pollution gradient in aquatic ecosystems, demonstrating their potential as powerful indicators. Here, a 16S bacterial dataset collected in the vicinity of aquaculture sites, impacted by organic enrichment of the sea bottom, was used to generate two set of features consisting in either OTU profiles (taxonomic turnover) or predicted gene content using the tax4fun tool (functional turnover) that uses taxonomic annotations to infer functional capabilities based on evolutionary models. Both datasets were leading to accurate predictive models, with comparative performance. These results indicate that both taxonomic and functional turnovers of bacterial communities encompass powerful indicators that could be leveraged by marine biomonitoring programs.
Detection of spatiotemporal variation in ranavirus distribution using eDNA
Authors: Vilaça Sibelle Torres , Grant Samantha A. , Beaty Lynne , Brunetti Craig R. , Congram Megan , Murray Dennis L. , Wilson Chris C. , Kyle Christopher J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmphibian population declines have been associated with emerging diseases including ranaviruses, which can cause mass die‐offs across entire amphibian communities. Understanding and mitigating disease spread requires knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns of pathogen distribution, but also how environmental factors influence pathogen occurrence. We applied environmental DNA (eDNA) detection tools to survey spatial and temporal distributions of ranaviruses by sampling 103 waterbodies in southeastern Ontario, Canada and assessed the role of abiotic factors as predictors of pathogen occurrence. Ten waterbodies sampled during June–August (>30 km between sites) revealed that ranavirus was marginally more prevalent (p = .055) during the latter part of the summer. Ninety‐three sites sampled at a finer scale (<10 km between sites) exhibited seasonal variability in ranavirus detection (site prevalence: 56% May; 66% July). Occupancy modeling revealed that wetland size and elevation influenced ranavirus occurrence while sampling date and water temperature influenced probability of detection. These findings indicate that biotic factors, such as host density and alternative hosts, should be investigated further as likely determinants of ranavirus prevalence across the landscape. Further, these results highlight the sensitivity of eDNA for detecting widespread presence of ranavirus and that abiotic factors may have a limited role in determining its prevalence and infectivity.
Fe3O4@SiO2‐PANI‐Au Nanocomposite Prepared for Electrochemical Determination of Quercetin in Food Samples and Biological Fluids
Authors: Saljooqi Asma , Shamspur Tayebeh , Mostafavi Ali 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new electrochemical sensor based on Fe3O4@SiO2‐PANI‐Au nanocomposite was fabricated for modification of glassy carbon electrode (Fe3O4@SiO2‐PANI‐Au GCE). The Fe3O4@SiO2‐PANI‐Au nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FESEM‐EDS‐Mapping, XRD, and TGA methods. The Fe3O4@SiO2‐PANI‐Au GC electrode exhibited an acceptable sensitivity, fast electrochemical response, and good selectivity for determination of quercetin. Under optimal conditions, the linear range for quercetin concentrations using this sensor was 1.0×10−8 to 1.5×10−5 mol L−1, and the limit of detection was 3.8×10−9 mol L−1. The results illustrated that the offered sensor could be a possible alternative for the measurement of quercetin in food samples and biological fluids.
Direct Determination of Cu2+ Based on the Electrochemical Catalytic Reaction of Fe3+/Cu2+
Authors: Ma Xiangyu , Qian Kun , Kandawa‐Schulz Martha , Miao Weimin , Wang Yihong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCopper ion (Cu2+) is one of the heavy metal ions which has been considered as a severe pollutant affecting the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect Cu2+ sensitively and conveniently in food and drinks. However, the gold standard method that inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) is expensive equipment required and time‐consuming. In this work, a highly sensitive and facile electrochemical method was studied to directly determine the concentration of Cu2+ without cumbersome modification on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). In the presence of ferric ion (Fe3+), Cu2+ could play a role of catalyst in the detection system, and the electrochemical signal of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response to Cu2+ could be amplified obviously. Under the optimal conditions, a good linear relationship was obtained in the range of 1 nM to 5 μM with a detection limit of 57.5 pM (S/N=3) were obtained. Besides, the proposed method has good applicability for the detection of Cu2+ in tap water. Furthermore, the copper complex was detected and the results were indicated the proposed method was effective and sensitive.
Bioaccumulation and Distribution Behavior of Endosulfan on a Cichlid Fish: Differences Between Exposure to the Active Ingredient and a Commercial Formulation
Authors: Da Cuña Rodrigo Hérnan , Lo Nostro Fabiana Laura , Shimabukuro Valeria , Ondarza Paola Mariana , Miglioranza Karina Silvia Beatriz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants reach aquatic ecosystems during application and can bioconcentrate/biomagnify because of their lipophilic nature. Toxicological studies focus almost exclusively on the active ingredients of pesticides, instead of commercial formulations, whose toxicity can differ as a result of nonspecified ingredients. The intensive use of endosulfan as a wide-ranging insecticide over the last few decades makes it one of the most frequently detected contaminants in the aquatic environment, even after it has been restricted worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation and organ distribution of waterborne endosulfan in the freshwater fish Cichlasoma dimerus, comparing the active ingredient and a commercial formulation. Males were exposed to 0.7 μg/L endosulfan for 2 wk, which was quantified (gas chromatography with an electron capture detector) in the liver, testes, gills, brain, and muscle. The results suggest rapid metabolism of α-endosulfan and β-endosulfan isomers to endosulfan sulfate (endosulfan-S) in tissues. Isomer levels were highest in gills, indicative of recent uptake. Levels of endosulfan-S were highest in liver and testes for the active ingredient and testes and brain for the commercial formulation. For the active ingredient, endosulfan-S levels showed a positive correlation with organ-lipid percentage. No correlation was evident for the commercial formulation, indicating that the presence of adjuvants alters endosulfan distribution because gills and liver showed a higher uptake and mobilization of β-endosulfan. These differences in organ distribution may alter tissue-specific toxicity; therefore, additives cannot be considered inactive even if nontoxic. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:604–611. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
Bioaccumulation and organ distribution of endosulfan isomers and their main metabolite endosulfan sulfate differed when fish were exposed to the active ingredient alone or to a commercial formulation. These differences in organ distribution may alter tissue-specific toxicity; therefore, additives present in commercial formulations cannot be considered inactive even if nontoxic. ES = endosulfan; ES-S = endosulfan sulfate; GC-ECD = gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector.
Anatomical subsite modifies survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: National Cancer Database study
Authors: Tham Tristan , Ahn Seungjun , Frank Douglas , Kraus Dennis , Costantino Peter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) can occur in either tonsillar related areas (TRA) or nontonsillar areas (nTRA). The prognostic differences between these sites are unclear. This study investigated this question using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), controlling for other confounders including human papillomavirus (HPV) status.MethodsThis NCDB study was conducted by stratifying the HPV‐positive oropharyngeal cancer cohort into two primary groups, TRA and nTRA. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was stratified according to HPV status, and further analysis was conducted using multivariable Cox regression.ResultsA total of 23 297 patients were included in this study. In the multivariable cox regression analysis, OPSCC subsite was found to be an independent prognostic factor for survival (TRA vs nTRA HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67‐0.86, P < .0001).ConclusionIn this large cohort, OPSCC subsite was found to be an independent prognostic factor for survival.
Heat transfer and buoyancy‐driven convective MHD flow of nanofluids impinging over a thin needle moving in a parallel stream influenced by Prandtl number
Authors: Nayak M. K. , Mabood F. , Makinde O. D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe current study focuses on investigating the influence of transverse magnetic field, variable viscosity, buoyancy, variable Prandtl number, viscous dissipation, Joulian dissipation, and heat generation on the flow of nanofluids over thin needle moving in parallel stream. The theory of nanofluids that includes the Buongiorno model featured by slip mechanism, such as Brownian motion and thermophoresis, has been implemented. Further, convective boundary condition and zero mass flux condition are considered. The nondimensionally developed boundary layer equations have been solved by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting technique for different values of parameters. The most relevant outcomes of the present study are that the augmented magnetic field strength, viscosity parameter, buoyancy ratio parameter, and the size of the needle undermine the flow velocity, establishing thicker velocity boundary layer while Richardson number and Brownian motion show opposite trend. Another most important outcome is that increase in the size of the needle, viscous dissipation, convective heating, and heat generation upsurges the fluid temperature, leading to improvement in thermal boundary layer. The effects of different natural parameters on wall shear stress and heat and mass transfer rates have been discussed.
5‐HT2c agonist, lorcaserin, reduces aggressive responding in intermittent explosive disorder: A pilot study
Authors: Coccaro Emil F. , Lee Royce J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRationaleImpulsive aggressive behavior is associated with reduced central function of serotonin (5‐HT). Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors can reduce such behaviors, many with history of impulsive aggression do not respond adequately to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and may require treatment with a direct 5‐HT agonist.ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that pretreatment with the selective 5‐HT2c agonist, lorcaserin, can reduce aggressive responding in impulsively aggressive individuals.MethodsTen male and female adults were given lorcaserin (20 mg), or a matching placebo, in random order, on 2 days separated by at least 1 week. The Taylor aggression paradigm was used to assess aggressive responding, which was represented by mean shock setting administered to an opponent and by frequency of setting high and extreme shock levels to the opponent.ResultsCompared with placebo, lorcaserin attenuated provoked, but not unprovoked, aggression during the Taylor aggression paradigm. This was manifest by reduction in the frequency of selecting high and extreme levels of shock against the opponent.ConclusionLorcaserin may possess anti‐aggressive properties that could prove useful in the treatment of impulsive aggressive behavior in human subjects. These data, thus, provide a rationale for a follow‐up randomized clinical trial of lorcaserin in individuals with prominent histories of impulsive aggressive behavior.
Poly (hexamethylene biguanide), adsorbed onto Ti‐Al‐V alloys, kills slime‐producing Staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa without inhibiting SaOs‐2 cell differentiation
Authors: Hornschuh Melanie , Zwicker Paula , Schmidt Thomas , Finke Birgit , Kramer Axel , Müller Gerald 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAntimicrobial coating of implant material with poly(hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride (PHMB) may be an eligible method for preventing implant‐associated infections. In the present study, an antibacterial effective amount of PHMB is adsorbed on the surface of titanium alloy after simple chemical pretreatment. Either oxidation with 5% H2O2 for 24 hr or processing for 2 hr in 5 M NaOH provides the base for the subsequent formation of a relatively stable self‐assembled PHMB layer. Compared with an untreated control group, adsorbed PHMB produces no adverse effects on SaOs‐2 cells within 48 hr cell culture, but promotes the initial attachment and spreading of the osteoblasts within 15 min. Specimens were inoculated with slime‐producing bacteria to simulate a perioperative infection. Adsorbed PHMB reacts bactericidally against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after surface contact. Adhered SaOs‐2 cells differentiate and produce alkaline phosphatase and deposit calcium within 4 days in a mineralization medium on PHMB‐coated Ti6Al4V surfaces, which have been precontaminated with S. epidermidis. The presented procedures provide a simple method for generating biocompatibly and antimicrobially effective implant surfaces that may be clinically important.