bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacist impact on the HIV Care Continuum: Decreasing time to care
Authors: Kilcrease Christin , Miller Misty M. , Neely Stephen , Liedtke Michelle D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Care Continuum is a model used to describe the process of care for people living with HIV infection. National goals exist for each step of this continuum including linkage to care and time to viral suppression. Achieving these goals is hindered by an ongoing shortage of HIV care providers.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a pharmacist service providing initial evaluation of people with HIV infection referred for care. Effectiveness was defined as a decrease in time to care along with other pertinent clinical end points associated with the HIV Care Continuum.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in an academic‐based, outpatient clinic from October 2013 to September 2017. Patients were assigned to one of two groups based on time of presentation, pre‐service (October 2013 to September 2015) and post‐service (October 2015 to September 2017). The primary outcome examined time to care from referral to visit scheduling and attendance. Secondary outcomes included time to antiretroviral initiation and viral suppression. The primary outcome analysis included all patients who attended at least one clinic visit. Secondary outcomes included only patients newly diagnosed with HIV (≤12 months prior to clinic referral).ResultsSignificant decreases in both primary and secondary outcomes were observed for patients in the pharmacist service cohort compared with the pre‐service cohort. Days to scheduled appointment decreased from 69 to 38 days (P < .001). Time to antiretroviral initiation and viral suppression also decreased from 122 to 95 days (P < .0488) and 316 to 208 days (P < .005), respectively.ConclusionThe pharmacist service exhibited a significant decrease in several HIV Care Continuum measures including linkage to care, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and viral suppression. Utilizing existing HIV care providers in novel roles may help achieve national goals for care.
Acoustic resolution photoacoustic microscopy based on microelectromechanical systems scanner
Authors: Moothanchery Mohesh , Dev Kapil , Balasundaram Ghayathri , Bi Renzhe , Olivo Malini 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhotoacoustic microscopy (PAM) can be classified as optical resolution (OR)‐PAM and acoustic resolution (AR)‐PAM depending on the type of resolution achieved. Using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner, high‐speed OR‐PAM system was developed earlier. Depth of imaging limits the use of OR‐PAM technology for many preclinical and clinical imaging applications. Here, we demonstrate the use of a high‐speed MEMS scanner for AR‐PAM imaging. Lateral resolution of 84 μm and an axial resolution of 27 μm with ~2.7 mm imaging depth was achieved using a 50 MHz transducer‐based AR‐PAM system. Use of a higher frequency transducer at 75 MHz has further improved the resolution characteristics of the system with a reduction in imaging depth and a lateral resolution of 53 μm and an axial resolution of 18 μm with ~1.8 mm imaging depth was achieved. Using the two‐axis MEMS scanner a 2 × 2 .5 mm2 area was imaged in 3 seconds. The capability of achieving acoustic resolution images using the MEMS scanner makes it beneficial for the development of high‐speed miniaturized systems for deeper tissue imaging.
miR‐181b/Oncostatin m axis inhibits prostate cancer bone metastasis via modulating osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Han Ziwei , Zhan Ruisen , Chen Shijie , Deng Jia , Shi Jian , Wang Weiguo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe activation of osteoblasts is significantly correlated to prostate tumor bone metastasis and bone loss. Oncostatin M (OSM) could promote breast cancer metastasis to bone. However, its role and mechanism in prostate cancer bone metastasis remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could play important roles in cancers via post‐transcriptionally regulating target genes via binding to specific sequences in the 3′ UTR of downstream target genes. In the present study, we performed microarray profiling analyses to identify differentially‐expressed miRNAs in preosteoclast before and after osteoclast differentiation that could target OSM. miR‐181b‐5p was downregulated during Raw264.7 cells differentiation into osteoclast. By direct targeting OSM 3′ UTR, miR‐181b‐5p inhibited OSM messenger RNA expression and protein levels, subsequently decreasing IL‐6 and AREG and increasing OPG, while OSM overexpression exerted an opposing effect. More importantly, co‐culture with miR‐181b‐5p‐overexpressing differentiated Raw264.7 cells suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of mouse prostate cancer RM‐1 cells, while co‐culture with OSM‐overexpressing Raw264.7 cells led to opposing cellular effects. More importantly, the effects of miR‐181b‐5p on osteoclastogenic factors and RM‐1 cells could be significantly reversed by OSM overexpression. In summary, miR‐181b‐5p/OSM axis could be a viable therapeutic target for patients with surgically removed primary tumors to reduce bone metastasis and prevent bone loss.
11 Long noncoding RNA UCA1 functions as miR‐135a sponge to promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in glioma
Authors: Li Zhi‐guo , Xiang Wei‐chu , Shui Shao‐feng , Han Xin‐wei , Guo Dong , Yan Lei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe dysregulation of long noncoding (lncRNA) UCA1 may play an important role in tumor progression. However, the function in gliomas is unclear. Therefore, this experiment was designed to explore the pathogenesis of glioma based on lncRNA UCA1. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA UCA1, miR‐135a, and HOXD9 in gliomas tissues. The effect of lncRNA UCA1 and miR‐135a on tumor cell proliferation and migration invasiveness was examined by CCK‐8 and transwell assays. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporter assay were used to verify downstream target genes of lncRNA UCA1. Expression of E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, vimentin, and HOXD9 was detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blotting. The tumor changes in mice were detected by in vivo experiments in nude mice. lncRNA UCA1 was highly expressed in glioma tissues and cell lines. lncRNA UCA1 expression was associated with significantly poor overall survival in gliomas. Moreover, lncRNA UCA1 significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration, and promoted the occurrence of EMT. In addition, lncRNA UCA1 promoted the development of EMT by positively regulating HOXD9 expression as a miR‐135a sponge. In vivo experiments indicated that UCA1 exerted its biological functions by modulating miR‐135a and HOXD9. In conclusion, lncRNA UCA1 can induce the activation of HOXD9 by inhibiting the expression of miR‐135a and promote the occurrence of EMT in glioma.
LncRNA‐cCSC1 modulates cancer stem cell properties in colorectal cancer via activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou He , Xiong Yongfu , Peng Linglong , Wang Rong , Zhang Hairong , Fu Zhongxue 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeveral long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in various malignant tumors and determined to contribute to the process of tumorigenesis, including that of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been demonstrated to promote the expansion and maintain the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, owing to their self‐renewal capacity. However, the underlying modulation mechanism of CSC‐associated lncRNAs in CRC remains largely unclear. Using integrated bioinformatic analysis, we identified a novel lncRNA (lncRNA‐cCSC1) that is highly expressed in CRC and colorectal cancer stem cells (CRCSCs). The biological functions of lncRNA‐cCSC1 were assessed in vitro and vivo through the silencing or upregulation of its expression. The depletion of lncRNA‐cCSC1 markedly inhibited the self‐renewal capacity of the CRCSCs and reduced their drug resistance to 5‐fluorouracil. In contrast, lncRNA‐cCSC1 overexpression increased the self‐renewal effect. Furthermore, aberrant lncRNA‐cCSC1 expression resulted in a concomitant alteration of smoothened (SMO) and GLI family zinc finger 1 (Gli1) expression in the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Our study is the first to identify a novel lncRNA‐cCSC1 in CRC and to indicate that it may regulate CSC‐like properties via the Hh signaling pathway. Thus, lncRNA‐cCSC1 could be a potential biomarker and promising therapeutic target for CRC.
DNA methylation data–based molecular subtype classification related to the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Li Chunxiao , Ke Jinxiu , Liu Jiangyi , Su Jingjing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the leading female health‐killers among all types of malignancies globally. Human papillomavirus infection combined with genetic and epigenetic alterations have been indicated to be closely associated with the pathogenesis, progression, and malignant transformation of cervical cancer. Notably, during the complex tumorigenesis process, a series of DNA methylations occurs early and is the most frequent molecular behavior. In this study, to exploit the specific DNA methylation sites influencing the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer, 275 samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and further analyzed. As a result, 1253 CpGs were found to have a significant correlation with patient prognosis and were further selected for the consistent clustering of samples into six subgroups. Specifically, the samples in every subgroup were different regarding the following: race, age, tumor stage, receptor status, histological type, metastasis status, and patient prognosis. In addition, we calculated the levels of methylation sites in all subgroups, with 79 methylation sites (corresponding to 81 genes) screened as the intrasubgroup‐specific methylation sites. Moreover, signaling pathway enrichment analysis was conducted on the genes of the corresponding promoter regions of the above‐described specific methylation sites, revealing that these genes were enriched in biological pathways closely associated with tumors, such as the cyclic guanosine monophosphate–dependent protein kinase and focal adhesion signaling pathways. Finally, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was employed to establish a prognostic prediction model for cervical cancer patients, with training and test sets used for testing and validation, respectively. In summary, the specific DNA methylation site–based classification is able to reflect the heterogeneity of cervical cancer tissue, contributing to the development of personalized therapy and the accurate prediction of patient prognosis.
AGEs induces apoptosis and autophagy via reactive oxygen species in human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Mei You‐Min , Li Lu , Wang Xiao‐Qian , Zhang Min , Zhu Li‐Fang , Fu Yong‐Wei , Xu Yan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe apoptosis of human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) may be an important factor of the negative effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the periodontal tissue of diabetic patients. However, the pathways or potential effects of apoptosis in AGEs‐treated HPDLCs have not been fully elucidated. Autophagy is closely related to apoptosis. Herein, we investigated the potential mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy in HPDLCs treated with AGEs via an in vitro model. We found that AGEs‐treated HPDLCs showed a time‐ and concentration‐dependent reduction in the cell survival rate. The mitochondrial‐dependent apoptosis was induced in AGEs‐treated HPDLCs, as confirmed by the mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, decreased Bcl‐2 expression, increased Bax expression, and increased caspase‐3 and PARP cleavage. Autophagy was also induced in AGEs‐treated HPDLCs, as indicated by the conversion of LC3‐II/LC3‐I and the presence of autophagosomes. Interestingly, our study results suggested that apoptosis and autophagy were related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, AGEs‐induced autophagy acted as a latent factor in decreasing the generation of ROS in HPDLCs and protecting against the AGEs‐induced apoptosis. In summary, our study shows that ROS are essential in AGEs‐induced HPDLCs apoptosis and autophagy, which may be a molecular mechanism for the repairment of ROS‐induced damage in HPDLCs treated with AGEs to promote cell survival. The present study might provide new insights into the therapeutic targeting of HPDLCs autophagy, which could be an additional strategy for periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Progression or suppression: Two sides of the innate lymphoid cells in cancer
Authors: Hosseini S. Haleh , Sharafkandi Nadia , Seyfizadeh Narges , Hemmatzadeh Maryam , Marofi Faroogh , Shomali Navid , Karimi Mohammad , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) as key players in innate immunity have been shown to be significantly associated with inflammation, lymphoid neogenesis, tissue remodeling, mucosal immunity and lately have been considered a remarkable nominee for either tumor‐promoting or tumor‐inhibiting functions. This dual role of ILCs, which is driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors like plasticity of ILCs and the tumor microenvironment, respectively, has aroused interest in ILCs subsets in past decade. So far, numerous studies in the cancer field have revealed ILCs to be key players in the initiation, progression and inhibition of tumors, therefore providing valuable insights into therapeutic approaches to utilize the immune system against cancer. Herein, the most recent achievements regarding ILCs subsets including new classifications, their transcription factors, markers, cytokine release and mechanisms that led to either progression or inhibition of many tumors have been evaluated. Additionally, the available data regarding ILCs in most prevalent cancers and new therapeutic approaches are summarized.
LINC00467 promotes cell proliferation and stemness in lung adenocarcinoma by sponging miR‐4779 and miR‐7978
Authors: Chang Yanxiang , Yang Lisheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LAD), as one of the most common types of lung tumors, is lethal and malignant. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in various cancers according to many previous studies. LINC00467 was proposed to be a tumor promoter. Despite the validated promotive effect of LINC00467 on neuroblastoma progression, its regulatory mechanism in LAD remains unclear. In this study, LINC00467 expressed higher in LAD tissues and cell lines, and increased LINC00467 indicated a poor prognosis. Knockdown of LINC00467 inhibited cell proliferation, the expressions of tumor stem cell‐related genes, and cell spheroid formation ability, while it promoted cell apoptosis. miR‐4779 and miR‐7978 were reported to play antitumor roles in several cancers before. LINC00467 could combine with miR‐4779 and miR‐7978, and negatively regulated miR‐4779 and miR‐7978. miR‐4779 and miR‐7978 inhibitor could partly rescue the LINC00467 knockdown‐induced influence on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stemness. In a word, this study innovatively investigated the mechanism of LINC00467 in LAD and verified LINC00467 exerted its carcinogenesis function by sponging miR‐4779 and miR‐7978, which may become a catalyst for generating new therapeutic targets for LAD treatment.
Development and validation of a five‐lncRNA signature with prognostic value in colon cancer
Authors: Lv Ji , Guo Ying , Yan Lili , Lu Yang , Liu Dongfeng , Niu Jia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been found in a large number of human cancers, including colon cancer. Therefore, the implementation of potential lncRNAs biomarkers with prognostic prediction value are very much essential. GSE39582 data set was downloaded from database of Gene Expression Omnibus. Re‐annotation analysis of lncRNA expression profiles was performed by NetAffx annotation files. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analyses helped select prognostic lncRNAs. Algorithm of random survival forest‐variable hunting (RSF‐VH) together with stepwise multivariate Cox proportional analysis were performed to establish lncRNA signature. The log‐rank test was carried out to analyze and compare the Kaplan‐Meier survival curves of patients’ overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for comparing the survival prediction regarding its specificity and sensitivity based on lncRNA risk score, followed by calculating the values of area under the curve (AUC). The single‐sample GSEA (ssGSEA) analysis was used to describe biological functions associated with this signature. Finally, to determine the robustness of this model, we used the validation sets including GSE17536 and The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. After re‐annotation analysis of lncRNAs, a total of 14 lncRNA probes were obtained by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analysis. Then, the RSF‐VH algorithm and stepwise multivariate Cox analysis helped to build a five‐lncRNA prognostic signature for colon cancer. The patients in group with high risk showed an obviously shorter survival time compared with patients in group with low risk with AUC of 0.75. In addition, the five‐lncRNA signature can be used to independently predict the survival of patients with colon cancer. The ssGSEA analysis revealed that pathways such as extracellular matrix‐receptor interaction was activated with an increase in risk score. These findings determined the strong power of prognostic prediction value of this five‐lncRNA signature for colon cancer.
BMP9 promotes osteogenic differentiation of SMSCs by activating the JNK/Smad2/3 signaling pathway
Authors: Zheng Weiwei , Chen Qian , Zhang Yu , Xia Rui , Gu Xueping , Hao Yuefeng , Yu Zepeng , Sun Xingwei , Hu Dan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSynovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) with high proliferation and multi differentiation ability, and low immunogenicity have attracted research attention for their potential application in tissue engineering. Once their ability of osteogenesis is strengthened, it will be of practical value to apply the SMSCs in the field of bone regeneration. The current study aimed to investigate the osteogenic characteristics of SMSCs induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) both in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the mechanism underlying these characteristics. Specifically, different BMPs were assessed to determine the protein that would be the most favorable for stimulating osteogenic differentiation of SMSCs following their separation. The BMP9‐enhanced osteogenesis of SMSCs was fully investigated in vitro and in vivo, and the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/Smad2/3 signaling pathway stimulated by BMP9 was further explored. Our data suggested that BMP9 could significantly promote gene and protein expression of runt‐related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and osteocalcin, and SP600125, a JNK‐specific inhibitor, could effectively decrease this tendency. Similar results were also confirmed in rats with cranial defects. In conclusion, our study indicated that BMP9 promotes bone formation both in vitro and in vivo possibly by activating the JNK/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Sabellaria alveolata sandcastle worm from the Mediterranean Sea: new insights on tube architecture and biocement
Authors: Sanfilippo Rossana , Rosso Antonietta , Mastandrea Adelaide , Viola Alfio , Deias Claudia , Guido Adriano 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Atlantic‐Mediterranean polychaete Sabellaria alveolata lives in agglutinated tubes adjoined to each other to form discrete reef‐like bioconstructions in shallow‐water settings characterised by high hydrodynamic energy where sediment particles are constantly resuspended. Tubes are built with sand grains glued by proteinaceous secretions. Analyses of a reef fragment collected near Sampieri (SE Sicily, Sicily Strait) allowed the first detailed description of the tube architecture and biocement of this worms from the Mediterranean. The tube consists of an inner thin organic membrane and three agglutinated layers including: (a) a thin inner layer of flat grains arranged side by side; (b) a thick mid layer with a frame of relatively large sub‐rounded grains with cavities partly filled by small grains; and (c) a thin outer layer of large, flat to curved, usually biogenic clasts diverging towards the opening. This particular architecture is distinctive of the family. Morphological and epifluorescence observations revealed that biocement consists of drops at the contact between sub‐spherical grains and strips along edges of flat grains. Biocement is a solid foam‐like material characterised by high abundance of carbon; the presence of phosphorous and nitrogen confirms its proteinaceous composition. Due to the electrostatic interaction with the proteins, calcium and magnesium are most likely complexed to the cement rather than being trapped in the cells. These elements contribute to the solidification of the glue and stabilisation of the tube structure. However, the organic nature of cement and the high energy of their habitat, make sabellariid reefs dynamic and ephemeral, and the preservation as fossils unlikely, with a confident record only extending back to the Miocene.
Study of As‐resistant bacteria from Nadia, India and a survey of two As resistance‐related proteins
Authors: Rahman Zeeshanur , Thomas Lebin , Singh Ved P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present investigation deals with the characterisation of three As‐resistant bacteria, Bacillus aryabhattai strain VPS1, Bacillus licheniformis strain VPS6 and Sporosarcina thermotolerans strain VPS7 isolated from the rhizosphere of a contaminated paddy field in Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Two strains, VPS6 and VPS7 showed ureolytic activity, which can be used for microbial‐induced calcite precipitation of As as a bioremediation option. However, As reduction and oxidation capacities were not reported in any of these bacteria. A phylogenetic tree of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences was constructed for all three bacterial isolates, including different species of As‐resistant Bacillus and Sporosarcina. Furthermore, literature survey and genome mining were employed to explore the diversity of As resistance‐related proteins, arsenite S‐adenosylmethyltransferase (ArsM) and arsenical pump membrane protein (ArsB) among different bacteria, and the phylogenetic relatedness was studied to understand the distribution and evolution of their amino acid sequences. ArsB was predominantly present in a wide variety of bacteria (347 taxa); however, ArsM was reported in comparatively fewer isolates (109 taxa). There were a total of 60 similar taxa that contained both ArsM and ArsB. Both proteins were most abundantly present in phylum Proteobacteria. Overall, this investigation enumerates As‐resistant bacteria to understand the As metabolism in the environment, and the phylogenetic analysis of As resistance‐related proteins helps in understanding the functional relationship in different bacteria for their role in As mobility in the environment.