bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can we prevent seasonal affective disorder (SAD) with melatonergic agents?
Authors: Zghoul Tarek 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYSeasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a recurrent form of major depression, particularly occurring in the winter months with a generally spontaneous remission in spring/summer. The predictable nature of this condition provides a potentially unique opportunity to prevent recurrence in sufferers of SAD. The Cochrane Review discussed here examines the evidence for melatonin and agomelatine in preventing SAD, putting its findings into their clinical context.
Minimizing Delays in the Breast Cancer Pathway by Integrating Breast Specialty Care Services at the Primary Health Care Level in Zambia
Authors: Songiso Mutumba , Pinder Leeya F. , Munalula Jabulani , Cabanes Anna , Rayne Sarah , Kapambwe Sharon , Shibemba Aaron , Parham Groesbeck P. 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE In Zambia, more than two-thirds of female patients with breast cancer present with late-stage disease, leading to high mortality rates. Most of the underlying causes are associated with delays in symptom recognition and diagnosis. By implementing breast care specialty services at the primary health care level, we hypothesized that some of the delays could be minimized. METHODS In March 2018, we established a breast care specialty clinic for women with symptomatic disease within 1 of the 5 district hospitals in Lusaka. The clinic offers breast self-awareness education, clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, ultrasound-guided breast biopsy, surgery, referral for chemoradiation, follow-up care, and electronic medical records. RESULTS Between March 2018 and April 2019, of 1,790 symptomatic women who presented to the clinic, 176 (10%) had clinical and/or ultrasound indications for histologic evaluation. Biopsy specimens were obtained using ultrasound-guided core-needle procedures, all of which were performed on the same day as the initial visit. Of the 176 women who underwent biopsy, 112 (64%) had pathologic findings compatible with a primary breast cancer, and of these, 42 (37%) were early-stage (stage I/II) disease. Surgery for early-stage cancers was performed at the district hospital within 2 weeks of the time of definitive pathologic diagnosis. Patients with advanced disease were referred to the national cancer center for multimodality therapy, within a similar time frame. CONCLUSION Breast care specialty services for symptomatic women were established in a district-level hospital in a resource-constrained setting in Africa. As a result, the following time intervals were minimized: initial presentation and performance of clinical diagnostics; receipt of a definitive pathologic diagnosis and initiation of surgery; receipt of a definitive pathologic diagnosis and referral.
Precise coordination of cell-ECM adhesion is essential for efficient melanoblast migration during development
Authors: Haage Amanda , Wagner Kelsey , Deng Wenjun , Venkatesh Bhavya , Mitchell Caitlin , Goodwin Katharine , Bogutz Aaron , Lefebvre Louis , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D. , Tanentzapf Guy 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Melanoblasts disperse throughout the skin and populate hair follicles through long-range cell migration. During migration, cells undergo cycles of coordinated attachment and detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Embryonic migration processes that require cell-ECM attachment are dependent on the integrin family of adhesion receptors. Precise regulation of integrin-mediated adhesion is important for many developmental migration events. However, the mechanisms that regulate integrin-mediated adhesion in vivo in melanoblasts are not well understood. Here, we show that autoinhibitory regulation of the integrin-associated adapter protein talin coordinates cell-ECM adhesion during melanoblast migration in vivo. Specifically, an autoinhibition-defective talin mutant strengthens and stabilizes integrin-based adhesions in melanocytes, which impinges on their ability to migrate. Mice with defective talin autoinhibition exhibit delays in melanoblast migration and pigmentation defects. Our results show that coordinated integrin-mediated cell-ECM attachment is essential for melanoblast migration and that talin autoinhibition is an important mechanism for fine-tuning cell-ECM adhesion during cell migration in development.
Comparison of 18F-FDG PET-MR and fecal biomarkers in the assessment of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Li Yan , Khamou Michael , Schaarschmidt Benedikt Michael , Umutlu Lale , Forsting Michael , Demircioglu Aydin , Haubold Johannes , Koch Anna Katharina , Bruckmann Nils-Martin , Sawicki Lino Morris , Herrmann Ken , Boone James Hunter , Langhorst Jost 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
To compare the diagnostic performance of fecal biomarkers and 18F-fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emmision tomography-MR (PET-MR) in the assessment of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods:
This study was conducted under the framework of a single-center clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov [NCT03781284]). N = 50 participants were enrolled. Fecal samples were collected before bowel preparation. All patients underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET-MR followed by ileocolonoscopy within 24 h. Diagnostic performance of five fecal biomarkers (calprotectin, lactoferrin, polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase, S100A12 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin), MR morphological parameters (MRmorph), diffusion-weighted imaging and PET in detecting active disease determined by Rachmilewitz endoscopic activity index (EAI) were evaluated and compared with each other. Correlations between fecal biomarkers, PET and endoscopy were calculated.

Results:
According to EAI, n = 38 patients presented with endoscopically active disease (16 mild, 19 moderate and 3 severe). All five biomarkers, PET and MRmorph could differentiate endoscopically active disease from endoscopic remission without significant difference regarding their operating characteristics (accuracies between 0.673 for calprotectin and 0.898 for lactoferrin). In predicting endoscopically moderate to severe disease, PET showed the highest diagnostic performance (accuracy = 0.857) compared to calprotectin and lactoferrin (accuracy = 0.633 and 0.735). PET had also the strongest correlation with endoscopy (ρ = 0.685, p &lt; 0.001), while within fecal biomarkers the levels of lactoferrin and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin correlated significantly with EAI (ρ = 0.423 and 0.528, both p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
Both fecal biomarkers and PET-MR were excellent non-invasive diagnostic tools in the assessment of disease activity in ulcerative colitis.

Advances in knowledge:
Both fecal biomarkers and PET-MR parameters are able to predict endoscopically active disease with comparable diagnostic performance. PET had the highest correlation with endoscopy and outperformed fecal biomarkers in differentiating moderate to severe from mild disease.
Ο κοινωνικός μας εαυτός, η οικογένεια και οι κοινωνικές στάσεις την περίοδο των περιορισμών της πανδημίας του Covid - 19 το 2020
Authors: Chtouris Sotiris , Zissi Anastasia 
Published: June 2020

Η σημερινή υγειονομική κρίση από την πανδημία του Covid-19 είναι η αρχή αλλά και το αποτέλεσμα μιας παράλληλης κοινωνικής και οικονομικής κρίσης. Σε αυτό το δυναμικό πεδίο, η αντιμετώπιση της κρίσης προϋποθέτει κοινωνικούς θεσμούς και κοινωνικά υποκείμενα ανθεκτικά αλλά και ικανά να αντιμετωπίσουν με δημιουργική αλληλεγγύη τις αρνητικές επιδράσεις της πανδημίας και, ειδικότερα, την εκτεταμένη κοινωνική ατροφία (social atrophy) και την κοινωνική ενδόρρηξη (social implosion). H μελέτη του κοινωνικού εαυτού και οι μέθοδοι ανάταξής του από το κοινωνικό τραύμα, που προκύπτει στις συνθήκες της σημερινής πανδημίας του Covid-19, προϋποθέτει την κατανόηση της λειτουργίας του, όχι μόνο στις σημερινές συνθήκες της κρίσης αλλά και σε αυτές της προτέρας κατάστασης στην οποία ο σύγχρονος κοινωνικός εαυτός χαρακτηρίζεται από μία έκρηξη της πυκνότητας και ισχυρής έντασης δικτύων της επικοινωνίας, της οικονομικής ανταλλαγής και της κοινωνικής καθημερινότητας. Το παρόν κείμενο έχει ως στόχο να προσφέρει ένα σχέδιο επαναλαμβανόμενης ταχείας έρευνας για τις καταστάσεις αναστοχασμού, ανάταξης και ανθεκτικότητας του κοινωνικού μας εαυτού σε συνθήκες ισχυρής κοινωνικής απόστασης, αυτοπεριορισμού και αποσύνδεσης από την οικονομία. To κείμενο ολοκληρώνεται με σκέψεις για την ανάγκη σχεδιασμού ενός πρωτόκολλου εφαρμογής και έρευνας δράσης της κλινικής κοινωνιολογίας με θέμα τη διασφάλιση της αντοχής των ατόμων και των κοινωνιών που έχουν υποστεί τις αρνητικές συνέπειες της κοινωνικής ενδόρρηξης λόγω της πανδημίας και κάποιες προτάσεις για μια ατομική και συλλογική στρατηγική.
Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease according to anticholinesterase drug usage from 2012 to 2017 in the state of Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Cambruzzi Mendes Dayanna Hartmann , Renee Hilgemberg Glaucia , Silva Posseti Flavio , Wouk Jéssica , Carraro Emerson 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a public health problem in Brazil due to the growing number of older adults in this population. Knowing the prevalence of AD in the Paraná state is essential to improve patients’ quality of life. The objective of the study was to estimate AD prevalence in the state of Paraná, based on the prescription of anticholinesterases, from 2012 to 2017. Methods: Patients diagnosed with AD, aged 60 years or over, who used Brazil’s Unified Public Health System (SUS) and received AD medication from the Department of Pharmaceutical Assistance of the state of Paraná, from 2012 to 2017, were the target population of the present study. The medication data were collected from the Computerized system management and Monitoring of Exceptional Drugs (SISMEDEX), and the population’s data were collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Results: The sample consisted of 52,687 patients, and the median prevalence of AD in the established period for the state was 642.6/100,000 inhabitants (0.64%). In all ages and macro-regions, women showed the highest prevalence rates. The median prevalence for women in the established period was 755.4/100,000 inhabitants (0.75%). Among men, the median prevalence was 510.2/100,000 inhabitants (0.51%). In the temporal analysis of prevalence, between 2012 and 2017, a reduction of 23% was found in the state rate. The prevalence rate of Paraná for AD is nine times lower than the Brazilian average. Conclusions: Paraná’s prevalence rate for AD is lower than the rates of Brazil and the world, suggesting that AD is underdiagnosed in most municipalities of this state.
Cross-Regional Differences in News Tone and Local Stock Ownership
Authors: Mavruk Taylan 
Published: June 2020

This study examines cross-regional differences in news tone for the same news event and relates it to local stock ownership of individual investors using a combination of detailed investor and media data. The results show that news tone amplifies the overall attention effect and decreases the difference between the trading activities of local and nonlocal investors when locally sourced news is republished across regions. In general, trading activity decreases for given republished news, but it still exists because the same news event garners attention as it diffuses to other regional outlets in a different news tone. Overall, individual investors seem to realize that the news is stale but expect subsequent price reversals following the republished news, thus showing news-contrarian trading behavior. Furthermore, they distinguish good firms from bad firms, indicating that adverse selection is partially responsible for the observed news-contrarian trading behaviors. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Intense mid-infrared emission at 3.9  µm in Ho3+-doped ZBYA glasses for potential use as a fiber laser
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Wang Ruicong , Wang Xin , Jia Shijie , Fan Yaxian , Lewis Elfed , Farrell Gerald , Wang Shunbin , Wang Pengfei 
Published: June 2020

Intense mid-infrared emission at 3.9 µm in

H
o

3
+

-doped ZBYA glasses with direct upper laser level (

H
o

3
+

:

5

I

5

) pumping at a wavelength of 888 nm is reported for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Spectroscopic parameters were determined using the Judd–Ofelt theory and the measured absorption spectrum. The maximum emission cross section of the

H
o

3
+

-doped ZBYA glass is estimated to be

2.7
×

10

−
21

c
m

2

at 3906 nm. Additionally, fluorescence spectra and lifetimes of ZBYA glasses with different

H
o

3
+

ion doping concentrations were measured. The results provide theoretical and experimental basis for better selection of rare-earth-doped matrix glasses to achieve a fluorescence output centered on a wavelength of 3.9 µm.
Saturable and reverse saturable absorption in molybdenum disulfide dispersion and film by defect engineering
Authors: Lu Chunhui , Xuan Hongwen , Zhou Yixuan , Xu Xinlong , Zhao Qiyi , Bai Jintao 
Published: June 2020

Understanding and controlling defect in two-dimensional materials is important for both linear and nonlinear optoelectronic devices, especially in terms of tuning nonlinear optical absorption. Taking advantage of an atomic defect formed easily by smaller size, molybdenum disulfide nanosheet is prepared successfully with a different size by gradient centrifugation. Interestingly, size-dependent sulfur vacancies are observed by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The defect effect on nonlinear absorption is investigated by Z-scan measurement at the wavelength of 800 nm. The results suggest the transition from saturable absorption to reverse saturable absorption can be observed in both dispersions and films. First principle calculations suggest that sulfur vacancies act as the trap state to capture the excited electrons. Moreover, an energy-level model with the trap state is put forward to explain the role of the sulfur vacancy defect in nonlinear optical absorption. The results suggest that saturable absorption and reverse saturable absorption originate from the competition between the excited, defect state and ground state absorption. Our finding provides a way to tune the nonlinear optical performance of optoelectronic devices by defect engineering.
Construcción del número desde el constructivismo radical y la teoría de Steffe
Authors: Sánchez Robayo Brigitte Johana 
Published: June 2020

Tomando la teoría más representativa del constructivismo radical en Educación Matemática, se realizó un estudio en el que se dirigieron y analizaron tres entrevistas semiestructuradas para identificar el pensamiento matemático de una niña respecto al número. Mediante los esquemas y operaciones mentales de Steffe, se identificó el progreso del pensamiento de la niña, caracterizado a través de sus técnicas para procesar el conteo. El estudio permitió ubicarla en la Secuencia Numérica Tácitamente articulada (SNT) de Steffe.
Algunos resultados presentados a partir del análisis de las transcripciones de las entrevistas son: la niña comprende los números como unidades compuestas abstractas, puede coordinar al menos dos niveles de unidades y, puede contar de a dos y de a tres entendiendo tales números como unidades compuestas abstractas; por lo que se concluye su nivel de SNT.
Afectividad en un grupo de adolescentes vinculados al SRPA: expresiones y relatos
Authors: Rengifo Castillo Yessika María , Serrato María Nina , Umaña Emilce 
Published: June 2020

Esta investigación busco conocer las expresiones y relatos sobre la afectividad en un grupo de adolescentes en conflicto con la ley, vinculados al Sistema de Responsabilidad Penal Para Adolescentes. Para dar respuesta a ese interrogante el marco teórico y categorías de análisis fueron: la adolescencia, conductas transgresoras, afectividad, resiliencia y relato. En el proceso metodológico se utilizaron técnicas como la observación participante, la entrevista y talleres, como una estrategia para develar y recopilar los relatos sobre afectividad que han venido construyendo el grupo de jóvenes en sus distintas interacciones sociales. Entre los hallazgos más importantes están los relatos de los adolescentes lo que permitió comprender las acepciones que han construido sobre la afectividad y ubicarlos en la resiliencia, puesto que a pesar de los errores que han tenido en su vida tienen la capacidad de volver a comenzar. Concluyendo que el amor es la fuerza que mueve a los humanos.
Nuevas perspectivas en psicología del desarrollo: una aproximación crítica al pensamiento piagetiano
Authors: Benavides Delgado Jacqueline 
Published: June 2020

Jean Piaget (1896-1980) ha sido uno de los autores más reconocidos del siglo XX por sus estudios en el campo de la inteligencia. Este autor suizo consideró el desarrollo como una secuencia de estadios definidos y caracterizados por una estabilidad y consistencia interna, reflejada en la concepción global del desarrollo en todas sus dimensiones. Las ideas de Piaget fueron rebatidas por autores muy importantes como Fodor (1983) quien, en contra de las posturas piagetianas concibió el desarrollo, no globalmente, sino de manera modular, dándole fuerza a las concepciones innatistas en contraposición a las ideas piagetianas de construcción de estructuras mentales a través de la interacción con el medio. Por su parte Karmiloff-Smith (1992) intentó reunir las ideas innatistas y modulares de Fodor con la postura constructivista de Piaget, concibiendo un modelo de desarrollo más allá de la “modularidad de la mente”. En general se puede concluir que las ideas de Piaget acerca del desarrollo cognitivo han sido reevaluadas en su mayoría. En un proceso creciente de crítica y replanteamiento del último siglo, se ha llegado a pensar que el desarrollo es un proceso no reglado, no diseñado, no programado, no lineal y por lo tanto no global. A diferencia de Piaget, estas teorías explican el funcionamiento mental y no sólo se limitan a describir su estructura. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar este proceso de crítica al pensamiento piagetiano contemplando las nuevas perspectivas en psicología del desarrollo.
The National Days in the Bilingual School
Authors: Idit Perelmuter Idit Perelmuter 
Published: June 2020

Idit Perelmuter, The National Days in the Bilingual School. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 27, Poznań 2019. Pp. 299–333. Adam MickiewiczUniversity Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.27.14
The bilingual school tends to address both the national days of the Arabs and the national days of the Jews as a part of its multicultural perception. As aforementioned, these days are characterized as tense and complicated days in the school, both for the Arabs and for the Jews, because of the narratives and perceptions that they represent, which sometimes are contradictory and. Nevertheless, it is possible to see that the school addresses the different perceptions and narratives of each culture, with recognition of the difference and uniqueness of each one of them and with reinforcement of the commonalities between them. In this way, it gives hope and encourages the desire for a shared life between Jews and Arabs in Israel, which on the one hand includes the difference and on the other hand broadens the common denominator between the two groups. This article will describe the national days of Arabs and Jews in the bilingual school in Jerusalem. It will focus on the meaning of the days, their complexity, and the ways of coping and implementation in the framework of the school, with reference to the school perception.
Gestão do conhecimento científico: análise do capital intelectual do programa de especialização do IRD
Authors: Razuck Fernando Barcellos , Cavalcante Gisele Valente 
Published: June 2020

Introdução : o curso de pós-graduação Lato Sensu em Proteção Radiológica e Segurança de Fontes Radioativas do Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD) é oferecido anualmente e ministrado em parceria com Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (AIEA), aos profissionais de países de língua portuguesa [1]. Este curso foi idealizado para atender às necessidades de profissionais para trabalhar no campo da proteção radiológica e segurança de fontes de radiação, proporcionando as ferramentas básicas necessárias para quem vai se tornar instrutor na respectiva área. Dividido em módulos, engloba parte teórica e treinamentos práticos. Ao final do programa, os alunos devem apresentar um trabalho de conclusão do curso (TCC).Metodologia : recentemente, algumas pesquisas vêm analisando a questão da Gestão do Conhecimento em instituiçoes de ensino e pesquisa, implicando na Gestão do Conhecimento Científico, visando, principalmente, a preservação e a transferência do conhecimento [2]. Porém, é uma característica dos servidores do públicos federais, inclusive daqueles pertencentes à carreira de Ciência e Tecnologia, o que é o caso do IRD, vinculado à Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), de estar em processo de aposentaradoria, sobretudo os funcionários de perfil técnico-científico. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo avalisar o perfil dos docentes do programa para fazer uma análise do seu Capital Intelectual, tendo por objetivo a retenção do conhecimento científico na Instituição.Resultados : para isso foi feito um mapeamento dos módulos do curso, analisando o perfil dos docentes junto ao setor de recursos humanos do IRD, cruzando informações como titulação, módulo em que leciona, se é coordenador do módulo, divisão aonde trabalha, se ocupa chefia, se pertence ao quadro de funcionários do IRD e quanto tempo ainda falta para a aposentadoria. Após isto, estas informações foram plotadas no modelo utilizado pela AIEA [3], que leva em consideração basicamente o tempo previsto para a aposentadoria e a especificidade e disponibilidade do conhecimento, para avaliar o Capital Intelectual do programa.Conclusões: com este trabalho, foi feito um levantamento das áreas críticas do programa do IRD, de forma que servirá de auxílio na programação do curso nos próximos anos. Foi possível identificar que todos módulos do curso possuem docentes que detém o conhecimento critico, considerado entre àqueles que estão em processo de aposentadoria nos próximos 3 anos. Além disso, este trabalho visa colaborar na retenção e transferência do conhecimento científico específico, etapa essencial na gestão do conhecimento científico de uma instituição de ensino e pesquisa, como o IRD.