bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of morphological abnormalities in silkworm pupae after feeding 137CsCl-supplemented diet to evaluate the effects of low dose-rate exposure
Authors: Tanaka Sota , Kinouchi Tadatoshi , Fujii Tsuguru , Imanaka Tetsuji , Takahashi Tomoyuki , Fukutani Satoshi , Maki Daisuke , Nohtomi Akihiro , Takahashi Sentaro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSince the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, morphological abnormalities in lepidopteran insects, such as shrinkage and/or aberration of wings, have been reported. Butterflies experimentally exposed to radiocesium also show such abnormalities. However, because of a lack of data on absorbed dose and dose–effect relationship, it is unclear whether these abnormalities are caused directly by radiation. We conducted a low dose-rate exposure experiment in silkworms reared from egg to fully developed larvae on a 137CsCl-supplemented artificial diet and estimated the absorbed dose to evaluate morphological abnormalities in pupal wings. We used 137CsCl at 1.3 × 103 Bq/g fresh weight to simulate 137Cs contamination around the FDNPP. Absorbed doses were estimated using a glass rod dosimeter and Monte Carlo particle transport simulation code PHITS. Average external absorbed doses were approximately 0.24 (on diet) and 0.016 mGy/day (near diet); the average internal absorbed dose was approximately 0.82 mGy/day. Pupal wing structure is sensitive to radiation exposure. However, no significant differences were observed in the wing-to-whole body ratio of pupae between the 137CsCl-exposure and control groups. These results suggest that silkworms are insensitive to low dose-rate exposure due to chronic ingestion of high 137Cs at a high concentration.
Full-field flicker evoked changes in parafoveal retinal blood flow
Authors: Warner Raymond L. , de Castro Alberto , Sawides Lucie , Gast Tom , Sapoznik Kaitlyn , Luo Ting , Burns Stephen A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen retinal activity is increased by exposure to dynamic visual stimuli, blood vessels dilate and the flow of blood within vessels increases to meet the oxygen and glucose demands of the neurons. This relationship is termed ‘neurovascular coupling’ and it is critical for regulating control of the human retinal vasculature. In this study, we used a recently developed technique based on a dual-beam adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope to measure changes in red blood cell velocities, vessel diameter, and flow in interconnected small parafoveal retinal vessels (< 50 µm) of nine healthy participants. A full-field flicker stimulus was presented onto the retina to induce a vascular response to neural activity. Flicker stimulation increased blood velocity, vessel diameter, and therefore flow in arterioles, capillaries, and venules in all nine subjects. ANOVA and post hoc t-test showed significant increases in velocity and flow in arterioles and venules. These measurements indicate that the mechanism of neurovascular coupling systematically affects the vascular response in small retinal vessels in order to maintain hemodynamic regulation in the retina when exposed to visual stimulation, in our case flicker. Our findings may provide insight into future investigations on the impairments of neurovascular coupling from vascular diseases such as diabetic mellitus.
Reduced-port totally robotic distal subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: 100 consecutive cases in comparison with conventional robotic and laparoscopic distal subtotal gastrectomy
Authors: Seo Won Jun , Son Taeil , Shin Hyejung , Choi Seohee , Roh Chul Kyu , Cho Minah , Kim Hyoung-Il , Hyung Woo Jin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBy overcoming technical difficulties with limited access faced when performing reduced-port surgery for gastric cancer, reduced-port totally robotic gastrectomy (RPRDG) could be a safe alternative to conventional minimally invasive gastrectomy. An initial 100 consecutive cases of RPRDG for gastric cancer were performed from February 2016 to September 2018. Short-term outcomes for RPRDG with those for 261 conventional laparoscopic (CLDG) and for 241 robotic procedures (CRDG) over the same period were compared. Learning curve analysis for RPRDG was conducted to determine whether this procedure could be readily performed despite fewer access. During the first 100 cases of RPRDG, no surgeries were converted to open or laparoscopic surgery, and no additional ports were required. RPRDG showed longer operation time than CLDG (188.4 min vs. 166.2 min, p < 0.001) and similar operation time with CRDG (183.1 min, p = 0.315). The blood loss was 35.4 ml for RPRDG, 85.2 ml for CLDG (p < 0.001), and 41.2 ml for CRDG (p = 0.33). The numbers of retrieved lymph nodes were 50.5 for RPRDG, 43.9 for CLDG (p = 0.003), and 55.0 for CRDG (p = 0.055). Postoperative maximum C-reactive protein levels were 96.8 mg/L for RPRDG, 87.8 mg/L for CLDG (p = 0.454), and 81.9 mg/L for CRDG (p = 0.027). Learning curve analysis indicated that the overall operation time of RPRDG stabilized at 180 min after 21 cases. The incidence of major postoperative complications did not differ among groups. RPRDG for gastric cancer is a feasible and safe alternative to conventional minimally invasive surgery. Notwithstanding, this procedure failed to reduce postoperative inflammatory responses.
Use of non‐uniform RIS and parasitic strips to improve antenna CP performance
Authors: Zheng Qi , Guo Chenjiang , Ding Jun , Vandenbosch Guy A.E. 
Published: September 2020

The effect of using a non‐uniform reactive impedance surface (RIS) on the circular polarisation performance of a planar antenna is investigated. It is shown that a very wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth can be obtained, especially when the RIS is combined with parasitic strips. This result is only possible, thanks to the fact that the RIS is non‐uniform. The technique is demonstrated by designing, building, and measuring a prototype. The simulated impedance bandwidth is 43.6% (4.3–6.7GHz), and the simulated 3 dB AR bandwidth is 37.2% (4.6–6.7GHz). The gain variation over the 3 dB AR bandwidth is 3–5.9 dBi. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations, validating the new concept.
Happiness-Manager führen anders
Authors: Hantl-Merget Judith 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungWas genau ist eigentlich die Aufgabe eines guten Managers? Ist es die Organisation oder das Führen von Mitarbeitern? „Beides“, ist sich unsere Autorin sicher. Warum wir uns im Alltag dennoch meist mit dem Lösen von Problemen rumschlagen und wie wir unseren Leadership-Aufgaben gerecht werden können, hier einige Impulse.
Kahnbeinpseudarthrose: computerassistierte virtuelle Planung der Rekonstruktion
Authors: Nagy Ladislav 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie eigentümliche Form des Kahnbeins ist eine Herausforderung für unser räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen. Deshalb bietet gerade bei der Rekonstruktion von Kahnbeinpseudarthrosen die Computer-Unterstützung unvergleichliche Vorteile: Sie ermöglicht die Erstellung eines echten 3-dimensionalen interaktiven Modells aus CTs, das manipuliert, bearbeitet und bei Bedarf sogar physisch gedruckt werden kann. Der Vergleich mit dem gesunden Kahnbein der Gegenseite analysiert die exakte Fehlstellung und erlaubt damit die Planung einer präzis-anatomischen Wiederherstellung der Kahnbeinform. Schließlich erleichtern computergenerierte patientenspezifischen Instrumente intraoperativ die genaue Umsetzung der Planung. Dieses Vorgehen ermöglicht es, das Kahnbein wesentlich exakter als zuvor wiederherzustellen und damit auch zuverlässiger die gestörte Handgelenkskinematik zu normalisieren. Unterdessen haben wir diese Technik bei der Rekonstruktion von über 50 fehlgestellten Kahnbeinpseudarthrosen erfolgreich angewandt.
3D-Bildgebung in der Analyse von Frakturen und Pseudarthrosen des Kahnbeins
Authors: Schmidle Gernot , Kastenberger Tobias Johannes , Kaiser Peter , Stock Kerstin , Benedikt Stefan , Arora Rohit 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, eine Übersicht über die Möglichkeiten der 3D-Bildgebung bei der Analyse von Frakturen und Pseudarthrosen des Kahnbeins zu geben und anhand von Fallbeispielen und der Literatur zu diskutieren.
Kahnbeinpseudarthrose: Erfahrungen aus mehr als 280 Rekonstruktionen mit einem vaskularisierten Knochenblock aus der medialen Femurkondyle
Authors: Kalb Karlheinz , Pillukat Thomas , Jonke Bärbel , Schmidt Annelie , van Schoonhoven Jörg , Prommersberger Karl-Josef 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund/Ziel Vaskularisierte Transplantate von der medialen Femurkondyle werden in unserer Klinik seit 2008 in großem Umfang zur Sanierung komplexer Skaphoidpseudarthrosen eingesetzt. Ziel der Arbeit ist eine Bilanz der Ergebnisse.
Patienten und Methoden Bis Ende 2019 wurde bei 287 Patienten eine Skaphoidrekonstruktion unter Verwendung eines mikrovaskulär angeschlossenen Knochentransplantates, 158-mal mit einem kortikospongiösen und 129-mal mit osteochondralen Transplantat von der medialen Femurkondyle, durchgeführt. 28 von insgesamt 42 Patienten mit kortikospongiöser Rekonstruktion aus dem Zeitraum von September 2008 bis Dezember 2010 konnten durchschnittlich 6,1 Jahre postoperativ und 44 von insgesamt 76 Patienten mit osteochondralem Ersatz des proximalen Kahnbeinpoles aus den Jahren 2011 bis 2016 konnten durchschnittlich 44 Monate postoperativ nachuntersucht werden. Neben klinischen Parametern und Röntgenaufnahmen wurde der DASH-Score und der modifizierte Mayo-Wrist-Score (MMWS) erhoben. Zusätzlich werden relevante Erfahrungen der Autoren aus dem gesamten Zeitraum – notwendigerweise ohne Quantifizierung – berichtet.
Ergebnisse Bei den kortikospongiösen Rekonstruktionen betrug die knöcherne Ausheilungsrate 69 %, bei 9,5 % erfolgten Rettungseingriffen. Der DASH-Score lag bei den 28 Patienten im Mittel bei 11, der MMWS bei 83 Punkten. Für Streckung/Beugung wurden durchschnittlich 86° und für die Kraft 89 % der unverletzten Gegenseite gemessen. Beim osteochondralen Polersatz betrug die vollständige knöcherne Ausheilungsrate 80 %, die partielle 5 %; bei 11 % war eine Rettungsoperation erforderlich. Der DASH-Score lag im Mittel bei 15, der MMWS bei 80 Punkten. Für Streckung/Beugung wurden im Mittel 90° und für die Kraft 81 % der Gegenseite gemessen. Neben eingriffsspezifischen Komplikationen wie Stielossifikationen erwies sich die Wiederherstellung der Form des Skaphoids und der karpalen Stabilität in Abhängigkeit von der Komplexität des Ausgangsbefundes als Kernproblem. Eine Klärung der Ursachen der persistierenden Pseudarthrosen war nicht möglich.
Schlussfolgerung Großartigen Möglichkeiten stehen relevante Risiken in Abhängigkeit von der Komplexität des Ausgangsbefundes gegenüber. Eine umfassende Aufklärung ist zwingend, so dass geeignete Patienten sich mit realistischen Erwartungen für diesen Eingriff entscheiden können.
Prospektiver Vergleich der Genauigkeit der Messung des fetalen Hämoglobins mittels Blutgasanalyse mit dem Goldstandard bei früh- und reifgeborenen Neugeborenen
Authors: Wittenmeier Eva , Lesmeister Linda , Schmidtmann Irene , Lotz Johannes , Dette Frank , Mildenberger Eva 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung In der Neonatologie kann es für verschiedene Fragestellungen von Bedeutung sein, den Anteil des fetalen Hämoglobins (HbF) am Gesamt-Hämoglobin zu kennen. Blutgasanalysegeräte (BGA-Geräte) bieten die Bestimmung des Anteils des HbF an, es ist jedoch nicht bekannt, wie valide diese Messungen sind. In dieser Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der Bestimmung des HbF durch das BGA-Gerät der Fa. Radiometer untersucht.
Material und Methode Bei früh- und reifgeborenen Neugeborenen wurde der Anteil des HbF sowohl durch das BGA-Gerät (HbFgas) als auch den Labor-Goldstandard (HbFlab) bestimmt. Die Übereinstimmung wurde mithilfe der Bland Altman-Methode und der Berechnung der Wurzel aus dem quadratischen Fehler (RMSE) untersucht.
Ergebnisse Bei 23 früh- und reifgeborenen Neugeborenen (medianes Körpergewicht 2190g, Minimum–Maximum 967–3800 g, medianes postmenstruelles Alter 36+1 Wochen, Minimum–Maximum 29+6–43+2 Wochen) wurden 35 Messungen des HbF mit beiden Methoden durchgeführt. Der Mittelwert der Differenzen (bias, HbFgas-HbFlab) betrug 9,3%, der Übereinstimmungsbereich bewegte sich zwischen 1 bis 17,6%. Der RMSE war 10,2%. 45,7% der HbFgas-Messungen wichen mehr als 10% vom Goldstandard ab. Es zeigte sich kein relevanter Einfluss von Lebensalter, Körpertemperatur und Sauerstoffsättigung auf den bias (p= 0,132; p= 0,194; p= 0,970). Der bias nimmt mit höherem HbFlab tendenziell zu (Pearson-Korrelation r=0,426; p= 0,011).
Schlussfolgerung Die Messung des HbF in früh-und reifgeborenen Neugeborenen mittels BGA-Gerät überschätzte den Anteil des HbF am Gesamt-Hämoglobin. Die Übereinstimmung mit dem Goldstandard war unzureichend. Der Einsatz eines BGA-Gerätes zur Messung des HbF-Anteils kann für die klinische und wissenschaftliche Entscheidungsfindung in diesem Patientenkollektiv daher nicht empfohlen werden.
Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Burge Alissa J. , Jawetz Shari T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability throughout the world. Current therapeutic strategies are aimed at preventing the development and delaying the progression of OA, as well as repairing or replacing worn articular surfaces, because the regeneration of lost hyaline articular cartilage is not currently a clinically feasible option. Imaging is useful in formulating treatment strategies in patients at risk for OA, allowing assessment of risk factors, the degree of preexisting tissue damage, and posttreatment monitoring. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in particular, provides in-depth evaluation of these patients, with optimal clinical sequencing allowing sensitive assessment of chondral signal and morphology, and the addition of advanced MRI techniques facilitating comprehensive evaluation of joint health, with increased sensitivity for changes in articular cartilage and surrounding joint tissues.
Quantitative Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Authors: Gitto Salvatore , Messina Carmelo , Vitale Nicoló , Albano Domenico , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUltrasound (US) imaging plays a crucial role in the assessment of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. Several quantitative tools are offered by US systems and add information to conventional US imaging. This article reviews the quantitative US imaging tools currently available in MSK radiology, specifically focusing on the evaluation of elasticity with shear-wave elastography, perfusion with contrast-enhanced US and noncontrast superb microvascular imaging, and bone and muscle mass with quantitative US methods. Some of them are well established and already of clinical value, such as elasticity and contrast-enhanced perfusion assessment in muscles and tendons. MSK radiologists should be aware of the potential of quantitative US tools and take advantage of their use in everyday practice, both for clinical and research purposes.
Advanced Quantitative Spine Imaging
Authors: Griffith James F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough advanced quantitative imaging may not be currently used to any degree in the routine reporting of spinal examinations, this situation will change in the not too distant future. Advanced quantitative imaging has already allowed us to understand a great deal more regarding spinal development, marrow physiology, and disease pathogenesis. Radiologists are ideally suited to drive this research forward. To speed up this process and optimize the impact of studies reporting spine quantitative data, we should work toward universal standards on the acquisition of spine data that will allow quantitative studies to be more easily compared, contrasted, and amalgamated.
Brainstem Bleed after Chronic Subdural Hematoma Drainage
Authors: Tyngkan Lamkordor , Malik Nayil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most frequent benign neurosurgical pathologies. Burr hole drainage is known to be safe, with low-morbidity and low-mortality rates. However, postoperative complications have been reported. We report the case of a 40-year-old lady who suffered a fatal brain stem hemorrhage after burr hole drainage for unilateral chronic SDH. Rapid decompression or sudden increase in cerebral blood flow were the probable factors for her brainstem bleed. Therefore, a slow rate of evacuation of CSDHs and maintenance of a correct blood pressure perioperatively are recommended to prevent serious complications.
Is there an Association between Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Prediction and Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury?
Authors: Brown Oluwateniola , Luchristt Douglas , Miller Emily S. , Pidaparti Mahati , Geynisman-Tan Julia , Kenton Kimberly , Lewicky-Gaupp Christina 
Published: September 2020

Objective This study aimed to estimate whether there is an association between the predicted probability of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC) and the occurrence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).
Study Design This was a single-site retrospective cohort study of all women with a singleton vaginal birth after a previous cesarean section between January 2011 and December 2016. Women were divided into four ordinal groupings by the predicted probability of achieving vaginal birth after cesarean using the Maternal–Fetal Medicine Units Network VBAC calculator (less than 41%, 40.1–60%, 60.1–80%, and greater than 80%). The primary outcome was OASIS, defined as a 3rd or 4th degree perineal laceration. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were used to examine the association between predicted VBAC probability and OASIS.
Results In total, 1,411 women met inclusion criteria and 73 (5.2%) sustained OASIS. The median predicted probability of VBAC was lower in women with OASIS compared with those without OASIS (60% [interquartile range {IQR}: 48–70%] vs. 66% (IQR: 52–80%), p = 0.02]. On bivariable and multivariable logistic regression, predicted probability of VBAC was associated with increased odds of OASIS (less than 41% probability: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90–11.21; 41–60% probability: aOR: 3.76, 95% CI: 1.34–10.57; 61–80% probability aOR: 3.47, 95% CI: 1.25–9.69) relative to women with a predicted probability of VBAC of greater than 80%.
Conclusion Having a lower predicted probability of VBAC is associated with an increased risk of OASIS at the time of a VBAC relative to those with greater than 80% predicted probability. Incorporation of this aspect of maternal morbidity may inform risk-stratification at the time of trial of labor after cesarean, as well as the choice of performing an operative vaginal delivery.
Key Points
Flow Cytometry: An Important Diagnostic Tool in Critically Ill Preterm Neonates with Suspected Sepsis
Authors: Goswami Sneha , Gupta Richa , Ramji Siddarth 
Published: September 2020

Objective Sepsis is a major cause of neonatal mortality. The gold standard for diagnosis is blood culture which suffers from low sensitivity and huge turn-around time. Flow cytometry has been extensively applied to malignant disorders and is an upcoming tool for diagnosis of nonmalignant disorders due to its rapidity and accuracy in detecting cells, cell products, and their functional states. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of flow cytometric expression of neutrophil CD64, monocyte human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) and CD16 in diagnosis in suspected preterm neonates.
Study Design In total, 100 preterm neonates with clinical signs of sepsis were enrolled in the study. Blood culture, C-reactive protein (CRP) and flow cytometry for nCD64, mHLA-DR, and mCD16 were performed. The neonates were divided into two groups: culture positive and culture negative and CRP and flow cytometric findings compared. ROC analysis was performed to determine the best cut-off for nCD64, mHLA-DR, and mCD16 values along with estimation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Probability of <0.05 was taken as significant.
Results Out of the 100 enrolled neonates, 34 (34%) were culture positive. CRP was not found to be significantly different in the two groups. Expression of nCD64 (p = 0.03) was significantly upregulated in the blood culture positive cases with a cut-off mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) value = 4.72 and sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 52%. Expression of mCD16 (p = 0.02) was also upregulated in the blood culture positive cases with a cut-off MFI value = 4.9, with sensitivity of 41%, specificity of 83%.
Conclusion The study concluded that nCD64 and mCD16 can be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis with a high sensitivity and specificity.
Key Points
Obstetric Hemorrhage Risk Associated with Novel COVID-19 Diagnosis from a Single-Institution Cohort in the United States
Authors: Wang Michelle J. , Schapero Melissa , Iverson Ronald , Yarrington Christina D. 
Published: September 2020

Objective The study aimed to compare the quantitative blood loss (QBL) and hemorrhage-related outcomes of pregnant women with and without a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study of all live deliveries at Boston Medical Center between April 1, 2020 and July 22, 2020 compares the outcomes of pregnant women with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 positive diagnosis and pregnant women without COVID-19. The primary outcomes are QBL and obstetric hemorrhage. The secondary outcomes analyzed were a maternal composite outcome that consisted of obstetric hemorrhage, telemetry-level (intermediate care unit) or intensive care unit, transfusion, length of stay greater than 5 days, or intraamniotic infection, and individual components of the maternal composite outcome. Groups were compared using Student's t-test, Chi-squared tests, or Fisher's exact. Logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding variables.
Results Of 813 women who delivered a live infant between April 1 and July 22, 2020, 53 women were diagnosed with COVID-19 on admission to the hospital. Women with a COVID-19 diagnosis at their time of delivery were significantly more likely to identify as a race other than white (p = 0.01), to deliver preterm (p = 0.05), to be diagnosed with preeclampsia with severe features (p < 0.01), and to require general anesthesia (p < 0.01). Women diagnosed with COVID-19 did not have a significantly higher QBL (p = 0.64). COVID-19 positive pregnant patients had no increased adjusted odds of obstetric hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–1.04) and no increased adjusted odds of the maternal morbidity composite (aOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.50–1.93) when compared with those without a diagnosis of COVID-19.
Conclusion Pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnosis do not have increased risk for obstetric hemorrhage, increased QBL or risk of maternal morbidity compared with pregnant women without a COVID-19 diagnosis. Further research is needed to describe the impact of a COVID-19 diagnosis on maternal hematologic physiology and pregnancy outcomes.
Key Points