bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How dogs become accurate instruments: care, attunement, and reflexivity
Authors: Mialet Hélène 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThose who live with Type 1 Diabetes have lost the possibility of producing insulin; they are dependent on non-living and living prostheses—machines, human beings and animals—that constantly read, measure, translate and interpret the fluctuations of their blood sugar to avoid hypoglycemia, which can be lethal, or hyperglycemia, which can lead to long-term complications. This philosophical essay, based on interviews and observations in a training facility, follows how dogs become “biocompatible patient friendly alarm systems” for hypoglycemia. It also explores how different modes of translation operate in the creation of a symbiosis between a human and an animal and how, along with them, a new conception of responsibility, accuracy, and of the subject emerge.
Normal coordinates in a system of coupled oscillators and influence of the masses of the springs
Authors: Suárez Álvaro , Baccino Daniel , Monteiro Martín , Martí Arturo C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Experimental analysis of the motion in a system of two coupled oscillators with arbitrary initial conditions was performed and the normal coordinates were obtained directly. The system consisted of two gliders moving on an air track, joined together by a spring and joined by two other springs to the fixed ends. From the positions of the center of mass and the relative distance, acquired by analysis of the digital video of the experiment, normal coordinates were obtained, and by a non linear fit the normal frequencies were also obtained. It is shown that although the masses of the springs are relatively small compared to that of the gliders, it is necessary to take them into consideration to improve the agreement with the experimental results. This experimental-theoretical proposal is targeted to an undergraduate laboratory.
Wavefield reconstruction inversion: an example
Authors: Symes William W 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nonlinear least squares data-fitting driven by physical process simulation is a classic and widely successful technique for the solution of inverse problems in science and engineering. Known as ‘full waveform inversion (FWI)’ in application to seismology, it can extract detailed maps of earth structure from near-surface seismic observations, but also suffers from a defect not always encountered in other applications: the least squares error function at the heart of this method tends to develop a high degree of nonconvexity, so that local optimization methods (the only numerical methods feasible for field-scale problems) may fail to produce geophysically useful final estimates of earth structure, unless provided with initial estimates of a quality not always available. A number of alternative optimization principles have been advanced that promise some degree of release from the multimodality of FWI, amongst them wavefield reconstruction inversion (WRI), the focus of this paper. Applied to a simple 1D acoustic transmission problem, both full waveform and WRI methods reduce to minimization of explicitly computable functions, in an asymptotic sense. The analysis presented here shows explicitly how multiple local minima arise in FWI, and that WRI can be vulnerable to the same ‘cycle-skipping’ failure mode.
Design optimization of nanoscale electrothermal transport in 10 nm SOI FinFET technology node
Authors: Rezgui Houssem , Nasri Faouzi , Nastasi Giovanni , Ben Aissa Mohamed Fadhel , Rahmouni Salah , Romano Vittorio , Belmabrouk Hafedh , Guizani Amen Allah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A flexible framework is obtained for enhancing both the thermal and electrical performance of fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) technology. Investigation of the nanoscale heat conduction within a short-channel field-effect transistor can be regarded as an emerging challenge related to future-generation transistors. In this work, we report the electrothermal transport in a 10 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) FinFET based on the dual-phase-lag model and modified drift-diffusion motions. We found that electron mobility decreases along the channel due to carrier confinement under higher electric field. In addition, the surface detection temperature indicates that the self-heating process is localized between the source and drain region. As promising results, high-κ metal-oxide and lower thermal boundary resistance can optimize the nanoscale heat transport in the SOI FinFET device.
A new IMU error parameter estimation method for hypersonic vehicle based on hybrid neural network
Authors: Guo Weilin , Xian Yong , Chang Xinlong , Ren Leliang , Lei Gang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To realize the effective estimation of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) error parameters of a hypersonic vehicle and satisfy the high-precision navigation requirements, a hybrid neural network (HYNN) method that consists of a quasi-Newton semi-determined weight neural network (QNSWNN) and a semi-determined weight recurrent neural network (SWRNN) is proposed. In contrast to conventional neural networks, the weights of the HYNN model, which are determined by the IMU error parameters, have physical meanings. First, the IMU error model and strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) navigation model are established. Second, the QNSWNN model is constructed based on the SINS/celestial navigation system (CNS) integrated navigation system information. The quasi-Newton is used to adjust the weights, which include the gyroscope error. The rest weights of QNSWNN are fixed based on a SINS attitude calculation model. The gyroscope error parameters can be estimated during the QNSWNN training process. Lastly, the SWRNN model is constructed based on the SINS/GPS integrated navigation system information. The BP algorithm is used to adjust the weights, which include the accelerometer error. The rest weights of SWRNN are fixed based on the SINS navigation calculation model. The accelerometer error parameters can be estimated during the SWRNN training process. The simulation results show that the IMU error parameter can be effectively estimated by the HYNN, and the relative errors are below 25%. Moreover, when the signal of the auxiliary navigation system is interrupted, the HYNN method still has high prediction accuracy for the SINS navigation parameters.
Dielectric-loading approach for extra electric field enhancement and spatially transferring plasmonic hot-spots
Authors: Wan Mingjie , Wu Jingyu , Liu Jun , Chen Zhuo , Gu Ping , Zhan Peng , Wang Zhenlin , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Plasmonic nanoantennas have been widely explored for boosting up light-matter interactions due to their ability of providing strongly confined and highly enhanced electric near fields, so called ‘hot-spots’. Here, we propose a dielectric-loading approach for hot-spots engineering by coating the conventional plasmonic nanoantennas with a conformal high refractive index dielectric film and forming dielectric-loaded plasmonic nanoantennas. Compared to the conventional plasmonic nanoantennas, the corresponding dielectric-loaded ones that resonate at the same frequency are able to provide an extra enhancement in the local electric fields and meanwhile spatially transfer the hot spots to the dielectric surfaces. These findings have important implications for the design of optical nanoantennas with general applications in surface enhanced linear and nonlinear spectroscopies. As a demonstration application, we show that the maximum achievable fluorescence intensity in the dielectric-loaded plasmonic nanoantennas could be significantly larger than that in the conventional plasmonic nanoantennas.
Plasmon-modulated photoluminescence enhancement in hybrid plasmonic nano-antennas
Authors: Rashed Alireza R , Habib Mohsin , Das Nekhel , Ozbay Ekmel , Caglayan Humeyra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, we performed a systematic study on a hybrid plasmonic system to elucidate a new insight into the mechanisms governing the fluorescent enhancement process. Our lithographically defined plasmonic nanodisks with various diameters act as receiver and transmitter nano-antennas to outcouple efficiently the photoluminescence of the coupled dye molecules. We show that the enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate arises from the superposition of three principal phenomena: (i) metal enhanced fluorescence, (ii) metal enhanced excitation and (iii) plasmon-modulated photoluminescence of the photoexcited nanostructures. Overall, the observed enhanced emission is attributed to the bi-directional near-field coupling of the fluorescent dye molecules to the localized plasmonic field of nano-antennas. We identify the role of exciton–plasmon coupling in the recombination rate of the sp-band electrons with d-band holes, resulting in the generation of particle plasmons. According to our comprehensive experimental analyses, the mismatch between the enhanced emission and the emission spectrum of the uncoupled dye molecules is attributed to the plasmon-modulated photoluminescence of the photoexcited hybrid plasmonic system.
Equivalence between non-Markovian dynamics and correlation backflows
Authors: De Santis Dario , Johansson Markus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The information encoded into an open quantum system that evolves under a Markovian dynamics is always monotonically non-increasing. Nonetheless, for a given quantifier of the information contained in the system, it is in general not clear if for all non-Markovian dynamics it is possible to observe a non-monotonic evolution of this quantity, namely a backflow. We address this problem by considering correlations of finite-dimensional bipartite systems. For this purpose, we consider a class of correlation measures and prove that if the dynamics is non-Markovian there exists at least one element from this class that provides a correlation backflow. Moreover, we provide a set of initial probe states that accomplish this witnessing task. This result provides the first one-to-one relation between non-Markovian quantum dynamics and correlation backflows. Finally, we introduce a measure of non-Markovianity.
Physical vapor deposited 2D bismuth for CMOS technology
Authors: Zhao Hanliu , Sun Xinghao , Zhu Zhengrui , Zhong Wen , Song Dongdong , Lu Weibing , Tao Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) bismuth, bismuthene, is an emerging pnictogen family member that has received increasing research attention in the past few years, which could yield exotic electrical, thermal, and optical properties due to unique band structure. This review provides a holistic view of recent research advances on 2D bismuth material synthesis and device applications in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Firstly, the atomic and band structure of bismuthene is reviewed as the fundamental understanding of its physical properties. Then, it highlights material synthesis of 2D bismuth atomic sheets with emphasis on physical vapor deposition method with accurate layer controllability and process compatibility with CMOS technology. Moreover, it will survey latest applications of 2D bismuth in terms of electronic, optic, thermoelectric, spintronic and magnetic nanodevices. 2D bismuth derivatives (Bi–X, X = Sb, Te, Se) will also be mentioned as a promising strategy to further improve device performance. At last, it concludes with a brief summary on the current challenges and future prospects in 2D bismuth and its derivatives for innovative electronics, sensors and other devices compatible with CMOS techniques.
High-performance junction field-effect transistor based on black phosphorus/β-Ga2O3 heterostructure
Authors: Li Chang , Chen Cheng , Chen Jie , He Tao , Li Hongwei , Yang Zeyuan , Xie Liu , Wang Zhongchang , Zhang Kai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Black phosphorous (BP), an excellent two-dimensional (2D) monoelemental layered p-type semiconductor material with high carrier mobility and thickness-dependent tunable direct bandgap structure, has been widely applied in various devices. As the essential building blocks for modern electronic and optoelectronic devices, high quality PN junctions based on semiconductors have attracted widespread attention. Herein, we report a junction field-effect transistor (JFET) by integrating narrow-gap p-type BP and ultra-wide gap n-type β-Ga2O3 nanoflakes for the first time. BP and β-Ga2O3 form a vertical van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure by mechanically exfoliated method. The BP/β-Ga2O3 vdW heterostructure exhibits remarkable PN diode rectifying characteristics with a high rectifying ratio about 107 and a low reverse current around pA. More interestingly, by using the BP as the gate and β-Ga2O3 as the channel, the BP/β-Ga2O3 JFET devices demonstrate excellent n-channel JFET characteristics with the on/off ratio as high as 107, gate leakage current around as low as pA, maximum transconductance (g
m) up to 25.3 µS and saturation drain current (I
DSS) of 16.5 µA/µm. Moreover, it has a pinch-off voltage of –20 V and a minimum subthreshold swing of 260 mV/dec. These excellent n-channel JFET characteristics will expand the application of BP in future nanoelectronic devices.
First-principle study of puckered arsenene MOSFET
Authors: Qu Hengze , Lin Ziwei , Guo Ruijuan , Ming Xiyu , Zhou Wenhan , Guo Shiying , Song Xiufeng , Zhang Shengli , Zeng Haibo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Two-dimensional material has been regarded as a competitive silicon-alternative with a gate length approaching sub-10 nm, due to its unique atomic thickness and outstanding electronic properties. Herein, we provide a comprehensively study on the electronic and ballistic transport properties of the puckered arsenene by the density functional theory coupled with nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism. The puckered arsenene exhibits an anisotropic characteristic, as effective mass for the electron/hole in the armchair and zigzag directions is 0.35/0.16 m
0 and 1.26/0.32 m
0. And it also holds a high electron mobility, as the highest value can reach 20 045 cm2V–1s–1. Moreover, the puckered arsenene FETs with a 10-nm channel length possess high on/off ratio above 105 and a steep subthreshold swing below 75 mV/dec, which have the potential to design high-performance electronic devices. Interestingly, the channel length limit for arsenene FETs can reach 7-nm. Furthermore, the benchmarking of the intrinsic arsenene FETs and the 32-bit arithmetic logic unit circuits also shows that the devices possess high switching speed and low energy dissipation, which can be comparable to the CMOS technologies and other CMOS alternatives. Therefore, the puckered arsenene is an attractive channel material in next-generation electronics.
Ca-Mg-Al-oxide Sorbents Prepared from Hydrotalcite Precursors for CO2 Capture at Realistic Calcium Looping Conditions
Authors: Kuo H T , Yu C T , Wei C H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The calcium looping (CaL) process, based on the cyclic carbonation/calcination of CaO sorbents, has been widely investigated recently as a potential technique to capture CO2 at reduced energy penalty. This process can be used in facilities such as power plants and produce a concentrated CO2 which is suitable for storage. In recent years, the hydrogen production processes become more important due to the development of sustainable energy. The CaL process can also be combined with reforming process to produce a concentrated stream of H2 >98 vol. % in a single step, which is known as sorption-enhanced reforming (SER) process, reducing the cost of H2 production effectively. The capture capacities and multicycle stabilities of sorbents are crucial in these uses. In this study, a series of CaMgAl oxide materials for CO2 capture, derived from layered-double hydroxides (LDHs), were prepared to test their performances at realistic calcium looping conditions, namely at high CO2 concentration in the calcination stage. A series of materials with different CaMgAl molar ratios were tested at different regeneration temperatures, regeneration times, and in different CO2 concentrations at the regeneration stage to find out the optimal treatment conditions. The multicycle capture capacities of these materials were examined and compared with that of limestone. Materials regenerated for 15 minutes at 930°C and 70∼100% CO2 had good performances. The Ca/Al = 7/1 materials possessed well capture capacity and multicycle stability compared with that of limestone. Addition of magnesium oxide can further improve its performance. In the 40 cycles test, although the initial capture capacity of the CaMgAl material was lower than that of the CaAl materials, because of the better stability of the former, its capture performance was better than that of the CaAl material at the end of the loop. These materials have the potential to be applied in hydrogen production and other related processes in the future.
Kinetic Evaluation of Two-Phase Anaerobic Treatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater
Authors: Tanarat S , Hanjai P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Two-phase anaerobic treatment by a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system was applied to treat slaughterhouse wastewater at ambient temperature, non-pH adjustment, at five different organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.39-2.60 kg COD/m3.d with the hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the range of 14.1-26.4 hr. The kinetic evaluation of the experimental data was carried out using a kinetic model derived from Michaelis-Menten and Monod equation. The maximum substrate utilization rate (kmax) and the half velocity constant (Ks) were 0.252 d−1 and 586.5 mg/l, respectively. The results indicated that the applied kinetic model is capable of explaining the bio-kinetic behaviour of the CSTR-UASB system and can be used as a design criteria for two-phase anaerobic treatment treating other fat-containing wastewater.
A practical study to determine the percentage of radiation in medicinal herbs used in the Iraqi market
Authors: Hamza Zahra M , Alshebly Shaymaa A , Hussain Hayder H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Some commonly used medicinal plants have been chosen to find out the radioactivity concentration and their annual effective dose for 10 samples, Because of that naturally arising radionuclides of 238U, 232Th and 40K., Have used Gamma ray spectroscopy was used to find activity concentrations and the results of the analysis indicated that the average activity concentration of 238U, 232Th and 40K in the medicinal plants, where the results was 38.12 ± 1.619 Bq kg-1, 12.95 ± 0.896 Bq kg-1 and 570.70 ± 31.453 Bq kg−1 correspondingly. Chamomile noted ha the greatest concentration of activity to the 238U and 40K Whereas the maximum concentrations of radioactivity for 232Th in Officinalis Borago were noted. The values of the radium corresponding mean (62.715) Bq.kg−1. (Outdoor and indoor absorbed dose, Outdoor annual effective dose equivalent, Indoor annual effective dose equivalent and Total annual effective dose equivalent). Where the effective committed annual dose value was less than the world average (0.3 for ingestion of probable radionuclides contained in the UNSCEAR 2000 report. Also Well we found a risk factor was (1.4325*10−5) significantly less than the ICRP cancer risk, all values were below the internationally allowed limits, the results provide baseline values that may be useful in developing radiation protection rules and regulations in addition to setting ideals and rules for the usage of therapeutic plants or herbal to the competent establishments.
Investigate the Structural and Optical Properties of Nickel Phthalocyanine (NiPc)Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method.
Authors: Tarrad Sura N , Hussain Saleem A , Al-Asady Falah H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The technique of the chemical spray pyrolysis has been employed to deposit Nickel Phthalocyanine (NiPc) on different substrate types at temperatures 150 °C to investigate their structural, Scanning Electron Micrographs, X-ray diffractograms and optical properties. The results of X-ray diffraction show that structure of the powder is polycrystalline with monoclinic structure, and the results of XRD for a thin film of NiPc shows polycrystalline with a fairly weak degree of crystallization, SEM revealed that the surface of the film is usually homogeneous, the roughness of NiPc films was evaluated by AFM technique and the results showed that the grain size increases with increasing of concentration. The optical measurement using UV-Visible Spectra showed that the NiPc thin films have an optical constant like the absorption coefficient and have a direct energy gap for all samples.
In vitro detection of urinary uranium of healthy subjects in Babylon governorate, Iraq
Authors: Al-Hamzawi Anees A. , Aswood Murtadha Sh. , Saleh Najeba F. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The assay of urine samples is the effective method for monitoring the internal exposure of radiological pollutions in healthy human body. This in vitro study was aimed to detection the urinary uranium of healthy people in Babylon governorate, central of Iraq. The effective technique of fission track with alpha detector CR-39 was applied to determine the urinary uranium. The results showed that the urinary uranium ranged between 0.48 ± 0.13 μg/l to 2.15 ± 0.22 μg/l, with the mean value of uranium levels is 1.25 ± 0.09 μg/l. The average value of urinary uranium is higher than ICRP reference mean value of 0.5 μg/l. The levels of urinary uranium varied based on the gender and smoking habit.
Experimental investigation of uranium content in urine samples of cancer patients in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Rahman Zahraa Q. , Al-Hamzawi Anees A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the current study, the neutron activation technique of the nuclear track detectors (CR-39) has been applied to determine the content of uranium in human urine samples. This study involved two groups of male and female subjects, the first group is cancer patients and the second group is healthy subjects. The urine samples of cancer patients and healthy subjects have been collected from Al- Diwaniyah governorate, southern Iraq. The maximum concentration of uranium for cancer patients was 5.52 μg/l to male, 35 years old, from AL-Hamzah, infected with leukemia, and the minimum concentration was 2.34 μg/l to male, 56 years old, from Al-Sudair, infected with the stomach cancer. In the healthy subjects, the maximum uranium content was 4.63 μg/l to male, 35 years, from Shamiya, and the lower uranium content was 1.02 μg/l to female, 43 years, from Sumer. Uranium content has been found to be significantly higher in cancer patients than those of the healthy subjects. The influence between the concentration of uranium and gender, smoking habit was studied.
Estimate the parameters of Weibull distribution by using nonlinear membership function by Gaussian function
Authors: Abdullah Suhaila N. , Huessian Iden Hasan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The main aim of the presented study is estimating the parameters of Weibull distribution by utilizing simulation to generated the samples size when n=10, 50,100. Considering in the current study the parameters estimator of Weibull membership function, then using the nonlinear membership function for Gaussian function to find the fuzzy number for these parameters estimator. After that utilizing the ranking function to transform the fuzzy number to crisp number.
Generalized Gamma – Generalized Gompertz Distribution
Authors: Boshi M A A , Abid S H , Al-Noor N H 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present a generated class of continuous distributions named H-G distributions. A new family of this class named generalized gamma - G along with one of its special cases, generalized gamma - generalized Gompertz distribution, are discussed. The cumulative distribution, probability density, reliability and hazard rate functions are introduced. Furthermore, the most vital statistical properties for instance, the r-th moment, characteristic function, quantile and simulated data, Shannon entropy, relative entropy and stress strength are obtained.