bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UJI AKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) DAN DAUN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.)
Authors: Septiani A Gina 
Published: December 2019

<p><em>The frequency and quantity of hair loss problems increases which eventually leads to baldness. The use of medicinal plants today is very popular and increasingly favored by the community. Plants are efficacious as a hair grower such as pandanus </em><em>leaves </em><em>(Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) and sansevieria leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.). The purpose of this study to determine the hair growth activity of a combination of pandanus leaves extract and sansevieria leaves. Test preparation was made by combining both extracts at 5% concentration with comparison of pandanus lea</em><em>ves</em><em> extract and sansevieria leaves 1: 1, 2: 3 and 3: 2. The results showed that the combination of 3: 2 has the best hair growth activity. Testing of this hair growth activity is a combination extract compared to normal control, 96% ethanol and minoxidil. The result of hair growth activity showed that the combination extract had better activity than the sole extract.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>hair growth activity, pandanus leaves, sansevieria leaves, extract combination.</em></p>
Prospek dan Strategi Pemasaran Kerupuk Itik “Mama Ami” di Desa Kota Raden Kecamatan Amuntai Tengah Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara
Authors: Sitanggang Miranda Romaully Br. , Hidayatullah Arief , Murliani Murliani 
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to selling forecast duck chip for five year later and know what is the matter with “Mama Ami’s” duck chip business in Kota Raden village with analysis the strengths, weaknesess, opportunities and threats. This is Research use case study method. The Instrument what to use research is SPSS software for forecase marketing, to make a marketing strategy researcher use IFE matric,EFE matric, IE matric. Based on the result forecast selling duck chip refer to selling increase continou. IFE matric result total score 3,134 and 2,521 for score EFE Matric. The score to those disposition IV sel on IE matric, that is grow and build. This disposition just up to intensive strategy dan integration strategy.
Occurrence of organic pollutants PAHs in water bodies around Kelanitissa and Kerawalapitiya power plants in Sri Lanka
Authors: Chandrasiri H. M. H. B. , Doole F. T. , Subramanium S S 
Published: December 2019

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are a group of organic compounds with more than one benzene ring formed due to natural processes such as forest fires and anthropogenic activities These ubiquitous contaminants have gathered an interest due to their toxicity and carcinogenic activity Exposure to PAHs has also been linked with cancer, cardiovascular disease and poor fetal development PAHs are considered as persistent organic pollutants because of their stable chemical structure and inherent resistance to decomposition. In this study, the water bodies near two diesel fueled power plants in Sri Lanka i e , Kerawalapitiya and Kelanitissa were selected to determine the presence of PAHs in surface water and its sediment In the preliminary sampling rounds, the presence of PAHs were identified With increased sample size, three sampling rounds were carried out in addition to water and sediment from Hamilton canal and Sebastian canal, water samples from wells near both power plants were analyzed PAHs in water samples were extracted to dichloromethane and analyzed by HPLC with UV DAD 254 nm and HPLC FLD excitation at 250 nm, emission at 410 nm Sediment samples were pretreated before the analysis and then, PAHs were extracted to methanol by ultra sonication. The presence of low, medium and high molecular weight PAHs in water and sediment samples obtained from both sites were detected Total concentration of PAHs in surface water samples obtained from Sebastian canal during rainy season April 2015 , dry season July 2015 and rainy season June 2016 were 0 11 1 71 μg L, 2 36 14 68 μg L and 6 88 μg L 10 05 μg L, respectively Furthermore, PAH content in water samples obtained from Hamilton canal during rainy season April 2015 , dry season July 2015 and rainy season April 2016 were 0 16 2 74 μg L, 11 06 54 89 μg L and 5 35 7 79 μg L, respectively Well water samples obtained from Kelanitissa W1 and Kerawalapitiya W3 showed the presence of high amounts of BaP 0 025 μg L and BkF 0 339 μg L respectively which are higher than the guideline values for BaP 0 01 μg L and BkF 0 1 μg L according to European Unions drinking water standards. The total PAH amount in surface water in both sites were higher in dry season than that of in rainy season This may due to accumulation of PAHs over the time in water bodies around diesel fueled power stations during dry seasons due to lack of water flow By investigating more dry and rainy seasons, an accumulation trend can be identified to address the seasonal variation of PAHS in water bodies.
Factors associated with induction of labour and pregnancy outcomes in 14 healthcare facilities in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunawardana J. R. N. A. , Perera S. S. N. 
Published: December 2019

Induction of Labour (IOL) is an important practice that is carried out commonly in modern day obstetrics. In medium to large healthcare facilities in Sri Lanka, it is estimated that approximately 35.5% of all deliveries involve IOL. This research attempts to identify the factors that affect IOL and to assess the association between IOL and the pregnancy outcome. In this study, we considered 18309 women who were admitted to 14 healthcare facilities for delivery in 3 randomly selected provinces in Sri Lanka (Western, Southern and Eastern provinces), during July to October 2011. Multinomial Logistic Regression model (MLR) and Fuzzy Expert System (FES) were used to identify the factors that lead to IOL. The MLR model predicts IOL with a classification rate of 65.5% and the FES predicts IOL with an accuracy of 55.10%. Maternal age, number of previous caesarian sections, number of previous births, estimated gestational age, Pre-Eclampsia, number of previous pregnancies, Placenta Preavia, Abruption Placenta, total number of neonates delivered, birth weight and Maternal Severity Index (MSI) were identified as factors associated with IOL. Neonatal status after seven days of life can also be predicted using the developed FES. FES is predictive of IOL and birth outcome, where if the FES score is between 0.8570 and 0.8854, the patient will belong to the induced group and the baby would be alive after seven days of birth. This study concludes that, MLR and FES models can be used to predict IOL outcomes. These findings can be informative to healthcare providers when counselling women for labour induction and develop evidence-based protocols on IOL.
ZnS assisted Zn doping in CdZnS electrodeposition
Authors: Sarathchandra K. A. D. M. S. , De Silva D. S. M. , Pathiratne K. A. S. 
Published: December 2019

Many reports have been published elsewhere on making thin films of cadmium zinc sulphide (CdZnS) using different techniques. This article summarizes a method developed to form CdZnS by incorporating electrodeposited Cd and S atoms simultaneously to the chemically formed ZnS material in the electrolytic bath at the conducting surface of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate. Moreover, the mechanism of formation of CdZnS is proposed as a solid state reaction between electrodeposited Cd and S atoms on the glass/FTO substrate with adsorbed ZnS particles from the electrolytic bath. The precursors used for Cd, S and ZnS in the electrolyte were aqueous solutions of CdCl2, ZnCl2 and Na2S2O3. Two different methods were tested to form ZnS within the electrolyte bath where one forming ZnS in the bath at the beginning of electrodeposition of Cd and S and in the other one, ZnS is formed before the electrodeposition of Cd and S. The results of the band gap measurements show an undulation which is closer to the band gap energy of CdS indicating probable codeposition of one or more materials such as CdS, (2.42 eV), ZnS (3.7 eV), CdO (2.2 eV), and ZnO (3.2 eV) along with CdZnS. The Tauc plot resulted by the material produced in method 1 has shown an undulation at the onset of Tauc plot which is near the band gap energy of CdS indicating the codeposition of CdS with CdZnS, but the Tauc plot of CdZnS electrodeposited from method 2 has shown clear separation in band gaps from 2.44 – 2.52 eV, when the annealing temperature, the Zn2+ ion concentration in bath and the electrodeposition pH were varied. These thin films were also characterized by photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.
O violão no ensino de acústica: uma proposta com enfoque histórico-epistemológico em uma unidade de ensino potencialmente significativa
Authors: Lima Diogo Oliveira , Damasio Felipe 
Published: December 2019

O trabalho relata uma pesquisa em ensino de acústica, cujo objetivo foi proporcionar um ambiente que se pudesse promover a evolução conceitual, não só de ciência, mas também sobre ciência. Para isso, utilizou-se do violão como ferramenta didática dentro da noção de organizador prévio e da organização sequencial, também para procurar despertar uma pré-disposição em aprender. Além da discussão de conceitos envolvidos no ensino de acústica, procurou-se também levantar questões acerca do empreendimento científico, utilizando-se de episódios históricos da ciência para isto. O trabalho pauta-se em três referenciais, articulados e coerentes: Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa Crítica (teórico educacional), a filosofia da ciência de Paul Feyerabend (teórico epistemológico) e as Unidades de Ensino Potencialmente Significativas (metodológico) que são sequências de ensino fundamentadas teoricamente com o objetivo de criar um ambiente em que a aprendizagem significativa possa ser construída. A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu nas etapas de: (i) revisão bibliográfica; (ii) planejamento e elaboração do material instrucional; (iii) aplicação da UEPS; (iv) construção de uma página na rede mundial de computadores para reunir os materiais elaborados para alunos e professores e; (v) a análise dos dados. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam indícios de aprendizagem significativa quando se utiliza instrumentos musicais em sala de aula, tal qual abordado pela pesquisa.
Advancing a global transition to clean energy – the role of international cooperation
Authors: Quitzow Rainer , Thielges Sonja , Goldthau Andreas , Helgenberger Sebastian , Mbungu Grace 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
International cooperation in support of a global energy transition is on the rise, and official development assistance (ODA) in the energy sector is increasingly being directed to renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, it is widely acknowledged that investment towards achieving the SDG 7 on clean and affordable energy is insufficient. Moreover, investment in clean energy remains heavily concentrated in a small number of frontrunner countries and overwhelmingly targets grid-connected electricity generation. Worryingly, significant share of international public sector financeing, most notably by export-credit agencies, is still allocated to coal and other fossil-based technologies. Against this background, this paper makes three recommendations for strengthening international cooperation in support of a global energy transition. (1) Promote investment in clean energy and end support for coal-based energy infrastructure. OECD and G20 countries should lead the way by discontinuing all public investment support for new coal-based energy infrastructure and establish guidelines for support to other fossil-based investments. (2) Promote evidence-policy dialogue on the socio-economic dimension of the global energy transition. International cooperation should play an active role in mobilising socio-economic benefits and address potential risks by supporting evidencebased policy dialogue based on robust assessments at both the country and global levels. (3) Provide early market support to promote challenge-based energy innovation. SE4ALL or Mission Innovation should create multi-stakeholder, challenge-based initiatives to promote clean energy innovation in developing and emerging economies and foster early market demand for related products or services.
Knowledge in Ancient Philosophy
Authors: Smith Nicholas D. 
Published: December 2019

Divided chronologically into four volumes, The Philosophy of Knowledge: A History presents the history of one of Western philosophy’s greatest challenges: understanding the nature of knowledge. Each volume follows conceptions of knowledge that have been proposed, defended, replaced, and proposed anew.
Knowledge in Ancient Philosophy covers roughly 700 years of ancient epistemology, starting with the earliest Greek philosophers and covering all of the main figures and schools up through the Romans. The connections between knowledge, wisdom, and skill are explored, with discussions of the contributions of the Presocratics, Sophists, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, the Epicureans, Stoics and Skeptics, and concluding with the Neoplatonists and Romans.
The Role of State Capacity in Development Studies
Authors: Cingolani Luciana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe role that state capacity plays in development has been the subject of growing cross-disciplinary research. The state capacity concept has faced criticism on numerous fronts, with scholars recently devoting serious efforts to overcome it. This article offers a rich overview of the concepts’ journey in terms of its theoretical roots, its uses by different disciplines, its definitions and measurements, and the empirical evidence around the impact of state capacity on development outcomes. It argues in favor of an optimistic view of the field’s advances by showing: (a) convergence in conceptualizations and (b) high-quality innovations in measurements. The article also contributes to the field by offering a definition of state capacity that consolidates all elements of the dominant strand and further tackles a number of issues that remain weak and should take priority in a future agenda.
A taxonomic revision of the African genus Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae – Grewioideae)
Authors: Wellsow Julia , Hart Michelle , Wilkie Peter , Harris David J. 
Published: December 2019

A taxonomic revision of Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae s. lat. Juss., subfamily Grewioideae Hochr., tribe Grewieae Endl.) based on about 800 herbarium specimens is presented. Desplatsia is a genus of trees and shrubs found in tropical West and Central Africa and is characterized by subulately divided stipules, the absence of an androgynophore, stamens that are fused to a tube at the base, and large and distinctive fruits that are dispersed by elephants. Four species are recognized (D. subericarpa Bocq., D. chrysochlamys (Mildbr. & Burret) Mildbr. & Burret, D. dewevrei (De Wild. & T.Durand) Burret and D. mildbraedii Burret) and 12 species names are placed into synonymy, two of which have been put into synonymy for the first time: D. floribunda Burret syn. nov. and D. trillesiana (Pierre ex De Wild.) Pierre ex A.Chev. syn. nov. All four species are widely distributed and their conservation status is assessed as Least Concern (LC). A key to the species, full species descriptions, illustrations, a specimen citation list and distribution maps are provided.
Dibujar la conversación en ELE: la enseñanza de la toma de turnos del español
Authors: Espinosa Guerri Guadalupe 
Published: December 2019

Uno de los componentes necesarios para el desarrollo de la competencia pragmática es la toma de turnos. No obstante, aunque nuestro conocimiento sobre la estructura de la conversación coloquial y sobre el funcionamiento del sistema de toma de turnos se ha visto ampliado gracias a los estudios que se han realizado desde el Análisis de la Conversación y el Español Coloquial, son muy pocos los intentos de trasvasar ese conocimiento teórico al campo de la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras (Cestero, 2012).
El presente trabajo pretende dar a conocer algunos de los hallazgos en torno al sistema de alternancia de turnos de la conversación coloquial española y proponer dos herramientas didácticas para su enseñanza en el aula de ELE: 1) los dientes de sierra, herramienta de visualización que permite reconocer gráficamente la relación entre los turnos de un diálogo; y 2) una tipología de figuras interaccionales que recoge las diferentes estructuras que se producen en la toma de turnos de la conversación coloquial española.
El Pueblo de los idiomas (das Sprachdorf): un recurso metodológico basado en realia para desarrollar la competencia comunicativa
Authors: Córcoles Molina Tomás 
Published: December 2019

Resumen: En este artículo se presenta un recurso metodológico conocido en alemán como Sprachdorf que permite desarrollar la competencia comunicativa de nuestros alumnos a través de interacciones orales contextualizadas e integrar el aprendizaje de contenidos léxicos, gramaticales, pragmáticos y culturales. Este tipo de proyecto se está llevando a cabo en Alemania y Países Bajos, pero posee una larga tradición desde finales del siglo XIX basada en el concepto de realia. Su implementación en centros de secundaria puede solucionar el problema de falta de prácticas orales y ayudar a ofrecer una visión significativa de la adquisición de lenguas extranjeras.
Palabras clave: realia, competencia comunicativa, ASL, interacción oral, contexto, aprendizaje significativo, aprendizaje cooperativo
Abstract: This paper introduces a methodological resource known as Sprachdorf in German, which allows students to develop their communicative competence through contextualized oral interactions and to integrate lexical, grammatical, pragmatic and cultural contents. This kind of project is being carried out in Germany and The Netherlands, but it finds its roots at the end of the nineteenth century based on the concept of realia. If Sprachdorf is implemented in secondary schools, it could provide a solution for the lack of oral exercises in class and a meaningful perspective of second-language acquisition.
Keywords: realia, communicative competence, SLA, oral interaction, context, meaningful learning, cooperative learning
Design and preliminary application of affinity peptide based on the structure of the porcine circovirus type II Capsid (PCV2 Cap)
Authors: Hao Junfang , Wang Fangyu , Xing Guangxu , Liu Yunchao , Deng Ruiguang , Zhang Hao , Cheng Anchun , Zhang Gaiping 
Published: December 2019

Background
Affinity peptides, as a core part of affinity chromatography, play an important role in the purification of target molecules.

Methods
Here we describe the use of molecular docking technology for virtual screening of affinity peptides that specifically recognize the PCV2 Cap protein for the first time. Thirteen candidate peptides with high scores were obtained and then further characterized. Experimentally, the affinity and sensitivity of the peptides studied were identified by ELISA and LSPR, respectively. In order to investigate the purification effect of a selected peptide (L11) for the recombinant PCV2 Cap protein, it was coupled to NHS agarose magnetic beads as an affinity adsorbent (NaMB-L11); and the ligand density of the affinity adsorbent and pH value in the purification of the recombinant PCV2 Cap protein were optimized.

Results
Our data showed that the peptide L11- DYWWQSWE has the smallest KD = 103 nM with higher specificity for PCV2 Cap protein recognition. The NaMB-L11 affinity adsorbent yielded a purified Cap sample with 98% purity at 90% recovery in a single step.

Conclusion
Based on the structure, we obtained a high affinity peptide L11 binding to the PCV2 Cap protein by molecular docking technology. It not only provides a theoretical basis for the design of PCV2 Cap affinity peptide, but a new method for the purification of the PCV2 Cap protein.
A Comparative Assessment of Quality Features and Physicochemical Characteristics of Rice Bran Supplemented Breads with Local Breads
Authors: Rahman Md. Lutfor , Absar Nurul , Islam Md. Jahidul , Moulick Shyama Prosad , Ahmed Sabbir , Saha Mandira , Hasan Md. Sabbir , Modak Khokan Chandra 
Published: December 2019

Aims: Qualitative assessment of rice bran supplemented bread with local breads.
Study Design: The study was designed to identify good quality bread between rice bran supplemented bread and local breads.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Five different varieties of rice brans (BR-5, BR-10, BRRI-28, BRRI-39, and Kalijira) were collected from Noor-Habib Grain Industries Ltd. Sopura, Rajshahi, Janata Auto Rice and Flour Mills Ltd.Bogura, North Bengal Auto Rice Mills, Naogan, Biswas Rice Mills, Natore, and Chaudhuri Auto Rice Mills Dinajpur respectively. The research was carried out at Natural Products Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Methodology: A comparative analysis of prepared rice bran supplemented bread and locally available bread has been done for the parameters such as moisture, ash, Fiber, Fat, protein, carbohydrate, total sugar, saponification value, FFAs and iodine value.
Results: The prepared rice bran bread contained wheat flour and five different varieties of rice bran named BR-5, BR-10, BRRI-28, BRRI-39 and kalijira. The physicochemical characteristics of prepared rice bran supplemented bread such as moisture, ash, Fiber, Fat, protein, carbohydrate, total sugar, saponification value, FFA and iodine value were varied from 26.0-28.4 %, 2.17-2.83%, 1.54-1.96%, 6.95-8.04%, 6.64-7.25%, 43.2-46.3%, 5.60-6.80%, 150-169 mg KOH/g fat,1.16-1.51 mg KOH/g fat,92.1-100 g I2/100 g fat respectively. On the other hand, physicochemical characteristics of locally available bread like moisture, ash, Fiber, Fat, protein, carbohydrate, total sugar, saponification value, FFA and iodine value were found to be ranged from 31.1-32.9%, 2.70-2.93%, 2.04-2.61%, 7.91-8.12%, 5.49-6.21%, 39.9-41.4%, 7.13-8.61%, 138-149 mg KOH/g fat, 1.63-1.86 mg KOH/g fat, 57.4-71.0 g I2/100 g fat respectively.
Conclusion: It may be concluded that prepared rice bran supplemented bread might be considered superior quality than the locally available bread.
Robust fault estimation for Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy systems with state time‐varying delay
Authors: You Fuqiang , Cheng Shiya , Zhang Xinyan , Chen Nan 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper deals with the problem of H∞ robust fault estimation for a class of Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy systems with state time‐varying delay, sensor, and actuator faults. The faults considered in this paper are time‐varying signals whose k‐order derivatives with respect to time are bounded. Then, we propose a proportional multiple integral observer to achieve simultaneous estimation of system states and time‐varying actuator and sensor faults. Furthermore, one less conservative delay‐dependent sufficient condition for the existence of fault estimation observer is given in terms of linear matrix inequality. The disturbance attenuation is constrained to a given level using H∞ performance index. Finally, simulation results of one numerical example is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.