bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinación de concentraciones de cadmio en plantaciones de Theobroma cacao L. en Costa Rica
Authors: Furcal-Beriguete Parménides , Torres-Morales Jose Luis 
Published: February 2020

El cultivo de cacao se mantiene en auge en Costa Rica; sin embargo, las autoridades europeas han establecido regulaciones a la importación de los derivados del cacao; las cuales iniciaron en enero de 2019 con la fijación de niveles de concentración máximos permitidos de cadmio. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar concentraciones de cadmio en suelo, raíz, hoja y en grano seco no fermentado de cacao en dos regiones productoras de este cultivo en el país. El presente estudio exploratorio se realizó en 2017 y 2018, determinándose la presencia de cadmio en las partes raíz y hoja del árbol de cacao, y en el grano. La información generada permitió determinar que parte de la producción de cacao se encuentra localizada en un entorno donde los órganos raíz y hoja pueden bioacumular este metal y transferirlo a la mazorca donde se detectó concentraciones de cadmio en granos, en un rango de 0 a 8,70 mg/kg. El porcentaje de muestras positivas en granos fue mayor en la Región Sur con 89,47%, mientras que en la Norte fue 33,33%. Sin embargo, en los análisis de suelos hechos en las muestras de los mismos sitios donde se muestrearon los órganos del árbol, solo se encontró en la Región Sur con un porcentaje muy bajo de muestras positivas, tres muestras de un total de 19, quizás debido a que el límite mínimo de detección para suelo propuesto por el laboratorio fue de 1 mg/kg.
Technology Focus: Production Monitoring (March 2020)
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: February 2020

Technology Focus
As the industry continues to absorb the lessons, and capitalize on the possibilities, offered by big data, professionals have kept in mind that exploration is not the only boundary of the digital frontier. Production monitoring and surveillance requires heightened degrees of precision and efficiency as operations are streamlined and projects are evaluated continuously. This month’s feature highlights a trio of papers focused on innovative technologies that have been implemented successfully in environments ranging from the deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM) to China’s Shengli field.
Paper SPE 196188 describes third-generation production-logging-tool technology that uses miniaturization and digitalization to maximize the effect of digital sensors in deepwater fields. The tool possesses a rotating functionality that has yielded robust and accurate data in GOM case studies.
A real-time virtual flowmeter system is described in paper SPE 196654. In offshore fields, the system has provided multiple benefits, from estimation of production flow rates in a range of conditions to determination of whether multiphase flowmeters were working correctly.
The challenge presented by abnormal production decline in mature fields in China is the subject of paper SPE 197365, in which an early-warning system based upon a machine-learning technique has been used to reduce training time and guide further development strategy.
These technologies, like all others you may encounter in JPT’s Technology Focus features, are the result of our members’ hard work and willingness to share their important discoveries and insights through SPE conferences. We hope that our readers benefit from these innovations and are inspired to discover their own, perhaps by writing and presenting an SPE conference paper.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 196514 Banyu Urip Reservoir Daily Well Deliverability Monitoring by Stephanie Sapti Putri Widyasari, ExxonMobil, et al.
SPE 198053 Developing the Talent of Future Petroleum Engineers by Remotely Monitoring Well Operations by Bashayer Al-Fadhli, Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company, et al.
SPE 198685 Prognostics Thermal Well Management: A Review on Wellbore Monitoring and the Application of Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Steam Breakthrough Detection by Mohammad Soroush, University of Alberta, et al.
The Effect of Drilling-Mud Treating Agents on the Membrane Potential
Authors: Lipson Leonard B. , Overton Harold L. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 219, 1960, pages 390–392.

Abstract
The concept of sodium single-ion equivalent activity as developed by Gondouin, Tixier and Simard, was used to determine the filtrate resistivity-activity relationships for 150 laboratory and 49 field drilling muds. With the exception of the native and phosphate high-resistivity muds and the calcium-treated muds, the filtrate resistivity-activity relationships were found to be within 20 per cent of that for pure sodium-chloride solutions. Gondouin, et al, previously suggested a method of treating the high-resistivity muds in quantitative electrical log analysis. A new treatment is presented which uses the P-alkalinity of the filtrate as a correlating parameter in handling the calcium-treated muds in quantitative electrical log analysis.

Introduction
Gondouin, Tixier, and Simard in 1957 introduced new interpretive procedures for analyzing the self-potential curve of electric logging. They re-emphasized the previous work of the Schlumberger brothers, Wyllie and others, and re-defined the activity concept in terms of a number which they termed the effective resistivity. Their procedures are particularly effective when the connate-water resistivities are less than 0.08 ohm-m or greater than 0.3 ohm-m. For gyp muds where the calcium content is known, a procedure was presented which allows calculation of the connate-water resistivity with improved accuracy.
These procedures assume that one of the fluids in the system is a pure sodium-chloride solution, but they are not limited by the assumptions. For the fresh and saline connate waters, for instance, it is assumed that the drilling mud filtrate is a pure sodium-chloride solution. For the gyp mud interpretive procedure, it is assumed that the connate water is a pure sodium-chloride solution. Brown, on the other hand, has suggested that it would be extremely fortuitous if drilling mud filtrates could all be treated electrochemically as sodium-chloride solutions, and he cites some examples where discrepancies exist.
A study has been made of the deviations of sodium single-ion equivalent activities, a Na+, of drilling mud filtrates from that of pure sodium-chloride solutions. Drilling fluids in common use on the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast and laboratory-controlled muds were investigated.
Natural variations of MeMYB2 in cassava varieties covering a wide range of the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought
Authors: Wang Bin , Guo Xin , Li Shuxia , Liang Jiaxin , Liao Wenbin , Peng Ming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tropical crop with excellent stress tolerance and stress resistance genes. The antioxidant enzymes play an important role in regulating the cassava plants respond to stress. To date, little is known the relationship between natural variations of MYB genes that have been proven to regulate stress tolerance in model plants and the diversity of reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought in cassava varieties. Therefore, we conducted this study to discover natural variations in MYB2 gene in association with the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes. Results Here, the relationship between the natural variation of MYB2 gene and the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought in cassava were analyzed. Natural variation of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and roots of 97 cassava varieties under drought analyses indicated that the variation of the various antioxidant enzymes is very different among the cassava varieties. MeMYB2 expression profiling analysis indicated that MeMYB2 was up-regulated obviously when induced by drought stress. Re-sequencing analysis of the 97 cassava varieties indicated that the MeMYB2 gene region included 87 single nucleotide variants (SNPs) and two insertion/deletion variants (Insert/ Deletion, Indel), the SNP locus of the coding region of MeMYB2 gene can be divided into 29 haplotypes, including 7 major haplotypes. These 7 major haplotypes can be classified into two categories, one of which is more closely related to wild cassava genotype W14, which indicates that MeMYB2 is positively selected during cassava breeding. Correlation analysis between MeMYB2 and drought tolerance showed that 12 functional SNPs in the MeMYB2 coding region were significantly associated with CAT activity, proline content, SOD activity and other traits, and the prediction of interaction with key genes of drought tolerance was further confirmed that MeMYB2 and key genes involved in CAT, proline and SOD can interact through intermediate metabolic pathways. Conclusions Some natural variations exist in the MeMYB2 , which might be involved in regulating the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes (SOD and CAT) changes under stress. This study will facilitate the understanding of the roles of MYB s in regulating the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes.
Anopheles gambiae (Ag55) cells are phagocytic and have hemocyte-like gene expression
Authors: Adang Michael J. , Mishra Ruchir , Hua Gang , Bagal Urjwal R. , Champagne Don 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Anopheles gambiae is the predominant vector of malaria, the fourth largest cause of infant mortality, in sub- Saharan Africa. Furthermore, A. gambiae is also the primary vector of O'nyong-nyong virus. The complexity of handling A. gambiae and infectious pathogens has led to the use of A. gambiae cell lines, including Ag55 cells, as a potential model to study vector-pathogen interactions and immune responses. The utility of cell lines can be maximized if their detailed gene expression profile and properties are available. Results We provide detailed gene expression profiles, proteome and information about the properties of Ag55 cells. KEGG pathway analysis on genes with transcript levels of ≥200 FPKM revealed phagosome term enriched. Further, transcriptomic data backed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry suggest that Ag55 cells have are hemocyte-like with phagocytic properties and immune competence. Conclusion As Ag55 cells are immune competent and express hemocyte like properties they can be used as a model to study vector-pathogen immune response. Furthermore, the availability of transcriptomic data of Ag55 cells will help researchers use and engineer the Ag55 cell line in an efficient way, for example by developing strategies to make it more suitable for studies of interactions with Plasmodium and other microbes.
Associations between socio-demographics, nutrition knowledge, nutrition competencies and attitudes in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore: Findings from the SHIELD study
Authors: Ong Rebecca Hui Shan , Chow Wai Leng , Cheong Magdalin , Lim Gladys Huiyun , Xie Weiyi , Baggs Geraldine , Huynh Dieu Thi Thu , Oh Hong Choon , How Choon How , Tan Ngiap-Chuan , Tey Siew Ling , Chew Samuel Teong Huang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives Nutrition literacy refers to an individual’s knowledge, motivation and competencies to access, process, and understand nutrition information needed to make appropriate nutrition-related decisions. It is known to influence dietary habits of older adults. This cross-sectional study was designed to: (1) understand the nutrition knowledge, competencies and attitudes of community-dwelling older adults in Singapore (2) examine the differences between their nutrition knowledge, and socio-demographic factors, competencies and attitudes, and (3) identify factors associated with better nutrition knowledge in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Methods 400 (183 males and 217 females) nourished community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above took part in this study. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) was used to determine individuals who were at low risk of undernutrition. Nutrition knowledge, competencies, attitudes and sources of nutrition information were measured using a locally developed scale. Nutrition knowledge scores were summed to form the Nutrition Knowledge Index (NKI). Associations between NKI, competencies, attitudes and socio-demographic variables were examined using Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests. Factors associated with NKI were determined using a stepwise regression model with resampling based methods for model averaging. Results Bivariate analyses found significant differences in NKI scores for gender, monthly household earnings, type of housing, the self-reported ability to seek and understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends. Females had higher NKI scores compared to males ( p < 0.001). Compared to females, more males left food decisions to others ( p < 0.001), and fewer males reported consuming home cooked food ( p = 0.016). Differences in educational level were found for competencies like the self-reported ability to seek ( p < 0.001) and verify nutrition information ( p < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed that being female, Chinese, self-reported ability to understand nutrition information and having access to help from family/friends were associated with higher NKI scores. Conclusions Our study revealed that nutrition knowledge of older males in Singapore was lower than females and more left food decisions to others. Hence, nutrition education programs could be targeted at both the older male and their caregivers.
The impact of macroeconomics factors on real exchange rate in Latin America: A dynamic panel data analysis
Authors: PADILLA CARLOS CHAVEZ 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper study the determinants of real exchange rate from an internal perspective using macroeconomic variables that can be endogenous. We used a GMM System estimator and we transformed our variables using forward orthogonal deviations (FOD) and first differences (FD). For check the robustness of our estimations, we used different sizes of observations. Our results show that terms of trade have negative and significant impact for all sizes. The gross domestic product has positive and significant impact and the rest of variables has mixed effects depending the sizes observations.
Pelatihan Pengenalan Karakter untuk Anak Usia Dini melalui Cerita Rakyat Budaya Lokal Bagi Pendidik PAUD Non Formal TPA/ KB/ SPS se- Kecamatan Sleman
Authors: Cahyaningrum Eka Sapti , Cholimah Nur , Christianti Martha 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak Latar belakang pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah begitu banyak cerita-cerita rakyat yang diwariskan memiliki nilai-nilai luhur untuk membentuk karakter anak yang sudah semakin hilang dan tidak dikenal. Pendidik lebih memilih cerita-cerita yang diterjemahkan dari luar negeri untuk bercerita Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman pendidik dalam pengenalan karakter untuk anak usia dini melalui cerita rakyat serta meningkatkan ketrampilan bercerita. Sasaran adalah Pendidik di KB, TPA dan SPS Se Kecamatan Sleman berjumlah 42 pendidik. Pelatihan ini menggunakan metode ceramah, demonstrasi, micro teaching, praktek lapangan dan diskusi. Langkah kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi persiapan, pelatihan dan workshop. Peserta dikatakan berhasil dalam pemahaman materi minimal 75% dan dalam praktek minimal 70%. Hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan ini Pelaksanaan berjalan lancar, peserta 100% lebih dari sasaran yang seharusmya. Adanya peningkatan skor pemahaman peserta tentang materi karakter anak Usia Dini dan materi tentang teknik-teknik bercerita sebesar 31,64 atau 84%. Peningkatan skor ketrampilan bercerita sebesar 82%. Hasil dari Pengamatan terhadap Anak menunjukkan dari 3 kali tampil dihadapan anak anak 98% minta diceritakan kembali untuk esok harinya, dan 90% anak-anak usia KB 3-5 tahun memahami isi cerita rakyat (Kelip Kunang, Kedung Bolong, Kijang dan Lintah, Rusa Bertanduk, asal Mula Kali Gajah Wong, Mbok rondo dan Lurah Cokrojoyo, serta Gedung Bolong). Dengan demikian pelatihan ini efektif dalam peningkatkan pemahaman dan ketrampilan bercerita bagi Pendidik PAUD. Kata Kunci: pemahaman karakter, keterampilan bercerita bagi pendidik PAUD
Psicologia, pesquisa cartográfica e transversalidade
Authors: Passos Eduardo 
Published: February 2020

Esse ensaio discute a perspectiva transdisciplinar nos estudos da psicologia saudando os vinte anos do PPGPSI da UFRGS. Celebra o que foi feito na psicologia social praticada no programa de pós-graduação em Psicologia Social da UFRGS. Afirma a importância do trabalho rigoroso do método e nossa implicação com o campo da pesquisa em psicologia no contemporâneo que cartografa a realidade multivetorializada em que nos encontramos. O método da cartografia orienta a abordagem transdisciplinar na psicologia, entrelaçando clínica, cognição, filosofia e política, no esforço de se aproximar dos problemas que o mundo em que vivemos nos apresenta.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI PRODUKTIF KEAHLIAN TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN SMK N I GUGUAK KABUPATEN 50 KOTA
Authors: Giatman M , Antoni Antoni , Syahril Syahril , Maksum Hasan 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kompetensi produktif sesuai dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Jenis penelitian ini Research and Development, pengumpulan data menggunakan metode Delphi. Jumlah responden Responden 45 orang yang terdiri dari: 24 teknisi bengkel otomotif 11 guru SMK dan yang rekayasa kendaraan ringan, dan 10 orang dosen. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data ditemukan 58,8% kompetensi sangat penting dipelajari oleh siswa karena relevan dengan kebutuhan bisnis atau industri, 38,2% kompetensi penting dan relevan dengan kebutuhan bisnis atau industri, dan hanya 2,94% kompetensi kurang relevan dengan kebutuhan tempat kerja. Meskipun kompetensi nya sudah banyak yang relevan, masih perlu disesuaikan dengan perkembangan teknologi terbaru di bidang otomotif seperti: elektronik otomotif dan sistem manajemen
Peran Elit Desa Dalam Pengembangan Wellness Tourism Di Desa Adat Bindu, Desa Mekar Bhuana, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kebupaten Badung
Authors: Savitri Ni Wayan Gita Sadhana , Arida I Nyoman Sukma 
Published: February 2020

Bindu Village is located at Badung district, which has potency to develop the wellness tourism. Development wellness tourism at Bindu village involves the elite people. The purpose of this study was to identify tourist attractions and the role of elite people in developing wellness tourism at Bindu village. Data collection techniques conducted in this study are observation techniques, interview techniques and documentary techniques. The determination technique of informant uses the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis technique. The results of the discussion that can be concluded is wellness tourism activities by doing healer activities, purification and therapy. Bindu Village has tourism potency such as the natural potential, the cultural potential and the artificial potential. The role of elite people in the development of wellness tourism in Bindu village is carried out by developing those potencies, building tourism facilities and promotions.

Keywords: role, elite people , wellness tourism
Analisis Ritual Perang Pandan Berbasis Perspektif Diakronis di Desa Wisata Tenganan Pegringsingan
Authors: Artadi I Komang Agus Moni , Nugroho Saptono 
Published: February 2020

Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism is located in Karangasem Regency, which has many ancestral cultures and traditions that are still held today. One of the famous traditions of the Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism is the tradition perang pandan (Mekare - kare). Perang pandan has its own uniqueness that can only be found in Tenganan Village, from this uniqueness that makes many tourists who visit the Tenganan Pegringsingan Village Tourism just to witness the uniqueness of the perang pandan ritual.
This study sought to find diachronic developments in the implementation of the perang pandan ritual, before and after the establishment of Tenganan Pegringsingan Village into a Village Tourism, using the over-time comparative method. The results of this study indicate, first seen from the indicator of time, participants who followed the tradition of the perang pandan ritual experienced a change. Secondly seen from the room indicator, the implementation of the perang pandan ritual is still permanent, cannot be changed. Third, judging from the level indicator, the perang pandan ritual has begun to move to a more complex level than before. and the last seen from the composite indicator, time, space and level, the perang pandan ritual has begun to be packaged into a tourist attraction, in the form of a festival tenganan that is routinely carried out every year.
Keywords: Perang pandan, Diachronic Perspective. Village Tourism
Dampak Ekonomi Pengembangan Daya Tarik Wisata “Hot Spring” Di Kecamatan Marobo, Kabupaten Bobonaro, Timor-Leste
Authors: Pieda Gracita Chiana Do Rêgo Cornélio da , Anom I Putu 
Published: February 2020

The economic impact of development of Marobo District’s “Hot Spring” in the municipality of Bobonaro, Timor-Leste. In this case, tourism sector in the Bobonaro Municipality has sufficient potential to be developed and it is a tourism sector. The torurism contributes to the increase income of the area and signifies by the movement growth of the economic in Marobo district.. The purpose of the research are (1) to fine the potensial attraction of the natural tourism of “hot spring” Marobo, municipality of Bobonaro, Timor-Leste. (2) To discover the economic impact of the natural attarction “hot spring”development in Marobo, municipality of Bobonaro, Timor-Leste.
In this research used both quantitative and qualitative data collecting by observation, documentatios, and interview. The result of the research has show that Marobo Hot spring has natural, cultural and man-made supply potential as tourism attraction. However, the development of Marobo hot spring give economic impact such as, increasing local income, employed opportunities, impact on development and government revenue.
Some suggestion will be given for tourist. They should keep the environtment in Marobo Hot spring. Also they have to follow the local regulation in Marobo Hot Spring. The government should offer the good facilities for tourist that can fulfil their need when visited Marobo Hot Spring.
Keywords : economic impact, development, tourist attraction, hot spring