bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric character variation of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) population in western and eastern part of Java Sea
Authors: Zairion  , Fauziyah  , Riani E , Hakim A A , Mashar A , Madduppa H , Wardiatno Y 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe blue swimming crab(Portunus pelagicusLinnaeus, 1758) inhabits coastal waters with sandy or muddy substrates of Southeast Asia. Aquatic environment and fishing intensity might influence the variation in morphometric characters of species as a form of adaptation and might characterize the stock unit as well. This study was aimed to analyze the morphometric variation of the blue swimming crab (BSC) population in western and eastern parts of Java Sea as part of Fisheries Management Area (FMA 712) of Indonesia. The representative crab sample for both males and females were taken randomly from three different locations, i.e. East Lampung, Rembang, and Southern Madura Island. Those samples were analyzed with a method called “conventional morphometric method”. Result of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that 10 characters were significantly different between male and female crabs. The cluster analysis also showed that the crabs in East Lampung and Rembang had high similarities which tended to be close population, while Southern Madura’s crabs were seemed to be dissimilar. In addition, discriminant analyses also showed that the BSC population in Southern Madura was different from the other two populations, indicating that the BSC population of Southern Madura is a different stock unit.
Does Indonesia’s fisheries governance ready to achieve SDG’s 14? The role of multi-stakeholder in fisheries policy
Authors: Zulbainarni N , Indrawan D , Khumaera N I 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Sustainable development goals (SDG’s) 14 in Indonesia has a target for fisheries and aquaculture conservation and sustainable production, and it integrates within a set of regulation of fisheries and aquaculture value chain. However, it is a challenge to have an engagement of stakeholders, especially business, practitioners following the Government of Indonesia’s (GOI) regulations for their readiness and preparedness. This research objective is to assess current Indonesia’s fisheries management and governance in sustainable development. The study was carried out based on a desk study, and it was combined using a focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews. The result linked to the possible impact on SDG’s 14. The results proved that the regulations and practices of GOI in sustainable fisheries were directed by business practitioners to achieve SDG’s 14. Indeed, the study also found that many business practitioners had limited readiness and preparedness on sustainable fisheries management engagement. It could be an obstacle for sustainable fisheries management and governance implementation, as it could not protect Indonesia from future biodiversity loss. The problem of imbalance between the SDG’s 14 goal and stakeholders’ readiness and preparedness could be improved by the support of the role of multi-stakeholders in national fisheries institutions. This study concluded that multi-stakeholders’ engagement is essential to achieve SGD’s 14.
Effect of high oxygen deficiency in nano-confined bismuth sesquioxide
Authors: Sanna Simone , Firodaliso Elisabetta Maria , Kasama Takeshi , Castelli Ivano E , Esposito Vincenzo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bismuth sesquioxide in its cubic form, i.e. δ-Bi2O3, is the fastest oxygen ionic conductor known which has important applications in energy technologies. However, the material is unstable as it undergoes high-density polymorphic transitions and degradation. In this work, we show that δ-Bi2O3 can be stabilized both at high and low temperatures (T < 775 °C) under low oxygen partial pressure (pO2 < 10−5 atm), where the material is nanostructured in multilayered thin film coherent heterostructures with yttrium stabilized zirconia. Density Functional Theory calculation confirms such a form of metastability, also showing that high oxygen defect concentration favors the cubic phase. Moreover, high oxygen deficiency in the nanoionics leads to an unexpected ‘two-regime’ conductivity with high values (σ > 1 S cm−1 at 600 °C) at high pO2 and lower ionic conductivity (σ ∼ 0.1 S cm−1 at 600 °C) at low pO2. Ionic conductivity at low pO2 occurs with high activation energy (Ea > 1.5 eV), suggesting a drastic decrease in mobility for high concentration of defects.
Albert Camus: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Gloag Oliver 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Albert Camus is one of the best known philosophers of the twentieth century, as well as a widely read novelist. Active in the first half of the twentieth century, his views contributed to the rise of absurdism philosophy, and his works have inspired numerous movies and are frequently referenced in contemporary politics. Albert Camus: A Very Short Introduction explores the life and work of a man full of contradictions, who occupied an ambiguous position in troubled and conflicted times. Following a broad chronological framework, it explores the major philosophical and literary works of Camus and analyses how the reception and popularity of these works are connected with contemporary political, social, and cultural issues.
Camus’s legacies
Authors: Gloag Oliver 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
What is it about Camus’s works that inspires so many to quote, discuss, and use them as inspiration for books, films, and songs? ‘Camus’s legacies’ suggests that one possible answer for Camus’s current popularity is that the abstract quality of his thought makes it transferrable. He speaks to an abstract awareness of nature and mortality, but does not tell his readers what to do with this awareness. Nor do his writings subscribe to any particular belief system. Of course, this abstract quality opens the door for attempts to ‘claim’ Camus, but it also leads to plenty of misunderstandings and many different interpretations, across the political spectrum and through the cultural realm.
A Feminist Methodology of Age-Grading and History in Africa
Authors: Decker Corrie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Age is an essential category of analysis for African history. For over a century, social scientists have emphasized the central role of age-grading in African cultures. Whereas most people in precolonial African societies assessed age in relative terms (juniors vs. seniors), European colonialism expanded the legal importance of chronological age. Gender mattered to both definitions of age. Faced with two incommensurable systems for understanding life stages—one based on relational (male) seniority and the other on chronological age—African women growing up during the colonial period found new ways to assert a sense of belonging among generations of women. I argue in favor of a feminist methodology that recognizes the broader trend among a generation of young women in Africa who employed conflicts over age to assert their maturity, and in doing so located themselves in their own histories. Identifying female age sets and generations thus offers new perspectives on how African girls and women make and remake history.
Variants in saposin D domain of prosaposin gene linked to Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Oji Yutaka , Hatano Taku , Ueno Shin-Ichi , Funayama Manabu , Ishikawa Kei-ichi , Okuzumi Ayami , Noda Sachiko , Sato Shigeto , Satake Wataru , Toda Tatsushi , Li Yuanzhe , Hino-Takai Tomoko , Kakuta Soichiro , Tsunemi Taiji , Yoshino Hiroyo , Nishioka Kenya , Hattori Tatsuya , Mizutani Yasuaki , Mutoh Tatsuro , Yokochi Fusako , Ichinose Yuta , Koh Kishin , Shindo Kazumasa , Takiyama Yoshihisa , Hamaguchi Tsuyoshi , Yamada Masahito , Farrer Matthew J , Uchiyama Yasuo , Akamatsu Wado , Wu Yih-Ru , Matsuda Junko , Hattori Nobutaka 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecently, the genetic variability in lysosomal storage disorders has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Here, we found that variants in prosaposin (PSAP), a rare causative gene of various types of lysosomal storage disorders, are linked to Parkinson’s disease. Genetic mutation screening revealed three pathogenic mutations in the saposin D domain of PSAP from three families with autosomal dominant Parkinson’s disease. Whole-exome sequencing revealed no other variants in previously identified Parkinson’s disease-causing or lysosomal storage disorder-causing genes. A case-control association study found two variants in the intronic regions of the PSAP saposin D domain (rs4747203 and rs885828) in sporadic Parkinson’s disease had significantly higher allele frequencies in a combined cohort of Japan and Taiwan. We found the abnormal accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, impaired autophagic flux, altered intracellular localization of prosaposin, and an aggregation of α-synuclein in patient-derived skin fibroblasts or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. In mice, a Psap saposin D mutation caused progressive motor decline and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Our data provide novel genetic evidence for the involvement of the PSAP saposin D domain in Parkinson’s disease.
Reformed Theology and Conscientious Refusal of Medical Treatment
Authors: Groenhout Ruth 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTraditionally, healthcare workers have had the right to refuse to participate in abortions or physician-assisted suicide, but more recently there has been a movement in white Evangelical circles to expand these rights to include the refusal of any treatment at all to same-sex couples or their children, transgender individuals, or others who offend the provider’s moral sensibilities. Religious freedom of conscience exists in an uneasy tension with laws protecting equal rights in a liberal polity, and it is a particularly fraught question in the context of medicine, where providers’ consciences must be balanced against patients’ rights to access appropriate care. This article examines the refusal of care to classes of people, usually classes defined by various sexual issues with which the caregivers disagree. This expands conscientious refusals from the traditional concept of responses to actions and instead directs it at specific types of people. The article draws on Reformed thought to argue that such refusals are not justified and are, in fact, both a profound misreading of Christian morality and a new and dangerously expansive account of the right to conscientious refusal in medicine.
Technics and Liturgics
Authors: Bishop Jeffrey P 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt is commonly held that Christian ethics generally and Christian bioethics particularly is the application of Christian moral systems to novel problems engaged by contemporary culture and created by contemporary technology. On this view, Christianity adds its moral vision to a technology, baptizing it for use. In this essay, I show that modern technology is a metaphysical moral worldview that enacts its own moral vision, shaping a moral imaginary, shaping our moral perception, creating moral subjects, and shaping what we imagine as moral intentions. In fact, modern technics has its own liturgics, which is foreign to Christian Divine Liturgy. Divine Liturgy is world forming, showing us a different world than the one that comes into relief in the ersatz liturgy of modern medical technics.
Is our initial evaluation of patients admitted for syncope guideline-directed and cost-effective?
Authors: Saad Shaukat Muhammad Hamza , Shabbir Muhammad Asim , Banerjee Riju , Desemone James , Lyubarova Radmila 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionRecent American College of Cardiology and European Society of Cardiology guidelines for syncope evaluation help distinguish high-cardiac risk patients from those with low-risk orthostatic and neurogenic syncope. Inpatient evaluation is recommended if at least one high-risk feature is present.ObjectiveTo assess guideline adherence and its impact on hospitalization in patients who presented with syncope before and after the introduction of guideline-based syncope protocol in the emergency department (ED).MethodsAll adult patients admitted to general medicine from the ED with the primary diagnosis of syncope in the months of October 2016 and October 2018 (before and after the introduction of syncope protocol in 2017). Electronic charts were retrospectively reviewed for high-risk cardiac features and orthostatic blood pressure measurement.ResultsSixty patients were admitted for syncope in October 2016 (n = 32) and October 2018 (n = 28), out of which 33 (55%) were female and 47 (78.3%) were over age 50. Forty-five patients had at least one high-risk feature. Excluding one patient with an alternate diagnosis at discharge, 14 out of 60 patients (23.3%) admitted for syncope did not have any high-risk feature. Orthostatic blood pressure was measured in 3 patients (5%) in the ED and 27 patients (45%) later in the hospitalization. Six out of eight patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator or pacemaker had their devices interrogated. After the introduction of syncope protocol, there was an improvement in the proportion of high-risk patients admitted [68.7% (22/32) in October 2016 vs. 82.1% (23/28) in October 2018].ConclusionUtilizing syncope protocol in the ED may improve guideline adherence, direct appropriate disposition, and reduce healthcare expenses.
Boom Goes the Price: Giant Resource Discoveries and Real Exchange Rate Appreciation
Authors: Harding Torfinn , Stefanski Radoslaw , Toews Gerhard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We estimate the effect of giant oil and gas discoveries on bilateral real exchange rates. A giant discovery with the value of 10% of a country’s GDP appreciates the real exchange rate by 1.5% within ten years following the discovery. The appreciation starts before production begins and the non-traded component of the real exchange rate drives the appreciation. Labour reallocates from the traded goods sector to the non-traded goods sector, leading to changes in labour productivity. These findings provide direct evidence on the channels central to the theories of the Dutch disease and the Balassa–Samuelson effect.
Health-related Sustainable Development Goals: countdown on alcohol use, smoking prevalence, child overweight and suicide mortality
Authors: Droogers Maaike , Jansen Danielle , Lindert Jutta , Saboga-Nunes Luis , Rudén Mathilda , Guichardon Marie , Zeegers Paget Dineke 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of goals that aspire to ‘leave no one behind’, adopted by all members of the United Nations and to be achieved by 2030. Now, four years after the SDGs entered into force, we examine the progress towards the health-related SDGs in the European region. In this region, least progress is made towards the targets set for alcohol consumption, smoking prevalence, child overweight, and suicide mortality. For each of these challenges we take stock of current policies, continuing challenges, and ways forward. Written from the perspective of European Public Health Association (EUPHA) we emphasize the potential contribution of civil society organizations in attaining the health-related SDGs.
Associations Between Diagnosis with Type 2 Diabetes and Changes in Physical Activity among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Nicklett Emily J , Chen Jieling , Xiang Xiaoling , Abrams Leah R , Sonnega Amanda J , Johnson Kimson E , Cheng Jianjia , Assari Shervin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Physical activity (PA) is an effective strategy for diabetes self-management and is central to the diabetes regimen. Diagnostic events present an opportunity for health behavior change; however, many older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) do not engage in regular PA. The relationships between diagnosis events and subsequent changes in PA are not well understood. Drawing upon life-course theory, this is the first study to examine whether the diagnosis of T2D is followed by a change in PA, whether these changes are sustained, and the sociodemographic characteristics associated with these changes.

Research Design and Methods
We examined associations between T2D diagnosis and PA changes among 2,394 adults ages 51+ from the Health and Retirement Study (2004–2014). PA changes were measured using metabolic equivalents of task (METs) estimated values accounting for the vigor and frequency of self-reported PA. Using piecewise mixed models, we examined initial and sustained changes in METs over time and tested whether these changes were modified by race/ethnicity, educational level, gender, and age at diagnosis.

Results
Across participants, a significant postdiagnosis increase was observed in self-reported PA following the diagnostic event (β: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.97). The steepness of decline in PA participation over time did not change significantly following T2D diagnosis. Age at diagnosis and race/ethnicity significantly moderated these relationships: participants diagnosed at older ages were less likely to improve PA following diagnosis and non-Hispanic whites experienced relatively steeper rates of decline following diagnosis with T2D.

Discussion and Implications
Modest diagnosis-related increases in PA were observed among participants overall. The usual rate of decline in PA appears unaffected by diagnosis overall. Age at diagnosis and race/ethnicity moderated these relationships. Key implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Contributory Fault under International Law: A Gateway for Human Rights in ISDS?
Authors: El-Hosseny Farouk , Devine Patrick 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The intersection between foreign investment and human rights is gaining attention, as is evident from an increasing number of investment treaty awards analysing legal issues relating to human rights. In the recent International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) arbitration of Bear Creek v Peru, Philippe Sands QC posited, in a dissenting opinion, that the investor’s contribution to events—ie protests against its allegedly adverse environmental impact and disregard of indigenous rights, namely resulting from its ‘inability to obtain a “social licence”’—which led to the unlawful expropriation of its investment, was ‘significant and material’. He further noted that the investor’s ‘responsibilities are no less than those of the government’ and found that damages should thus be reduced. Last year, the Netherlands adopted a new model bilateral investment treaty (BIT), which allows tribunals to ‘take into account non-compliance by the investor with the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises’ when assessing damages. These recent developments shed light on how states and tribunals, as part of their decision-making process, can take into account human rights in practice, and crucially in respect of damages analyses. By first dissecting the concept of contributory fault, then shedding light on the intersection of investment treaty law and human rights, as elucidated in recent jurisprudence, this article questions whether there now exists a gateway for human rights obligations (soft or hard) in the investment treaty arbitration realm through the concept of contributory fault.
Effect of thermostat position and its set-point temperature on the performance of a domestic electric water heater
Authors: Kizilors Cafer , Aydin Devrim 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In domestic buildings, water is generally heated by an immersion type electric water heater, equipped with a thermostat as one unit, which is fitted at the bottom of the tank. Despite these systems are driven by electric energy, which is not favorable compared to direct solar water heaters, they are still widely used due to the practicality and low installation costs.
In current use of electric water heaters, thermostat position and water set-point temperature are crucial and these parameters should be optimized for efficient and economic use of such systems. In this study, the impact of placing the thermostat at three different elevations; namely near the bottom, in the middle and near the top of an EWH is experimentally investigated. In addition, the effect of temperature setting of the thermostat near the bottom of the tank, on the performance of the EWH is experimentally investigated.
Data were obtained for 5 L/min discharging rate of the heated water. The discharge efficiencies are found to be higher for the thermostat position at the bottom, while the discharge efficiencies for thermostat positions in the middle and near the top are very close but lower than that of the one near the bottom.
Passing on the torch of memory: Transitional justice and the transfer of diaspora identity across generations
Authors: Orjuela Camilla 
Published: February 2020

Abstract∞
The role diaspora actors play in transitional justice (TJ) has recently been recognized by practitioners and scholars. This article focuses on how TJ initiatives, by re-emphasizing, retelling or silencing traumas of the past, can play an important role for the transfer of diaspora identity and homeland engagement across generations. Based on research on the diasporas from Rwanda and Sri Lanka, the article highlights the different positions made available for and taken up by young people in TJ, and the ways the past is evoked by the homeland state, diaspora organizations and people they meet in their day-to-day lives. TJ initiatives, the article argues, can serve as critical events that mobilize the young generation to support – or resist – narratives of the past, while also providing them with experiences that add to a postmemory of the painful past of their parents’ homeland.
Debt or Alive: Burundi's Fiscal Response to Economic Sanctions
Authors: Dom Roel , Roger Lionel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEconomic sanctions, and the suspension of budget support in particular, are supposed to pressure target governments into complying with sanction demands by putting spending commitments at risk. In this article we argue that this is too simplistic since governments have more fiscal levers at their disposal. The case of Burundi illustrates this argument. Following Burundi's 2015 political crisis, donors imposed economic sanctions on the country and suspended all budget support to the national government. Using monthly data on the government's fiscal position between 2005 and 2017, we present evidence from a time series analysis showing that aid does not affect spending and that aid shortfalls are instead systematically compensated with domestic borrowing. It appears that the Burundian government has been able to withstand the sanctions and to fulfil its spending commitments by substituting domestic debt for aid. Thus, the economic costs of sanctions do not necessarily translate directly into political costs but are mitigated by the government's fiscal response.