bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Belweder Krzysztofa Zygmunta Paca i jego żony Klary Izabelli
Authors: Czyż Anna Sylwia 
Published: May 2020

Artykuł dotyczy mało znanego, pierwszego etapu funkcjonowania pałacu Belweder w Warszawie (Ujazdów), który został wybudowany z drewna (1659–1663) przez Krzysztofa Zygmunta Pac, kanclerza Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego jako ekskluzywna podmiejska willa. Jej powstanie nawiązywało do tradycji otium, willi włoskich, ale też do znanego z czasów dynastii Wazów kreowana siedzib otoczonych ogrodami, które również spełniały funkcje reprezentacyjną. Fundując Belweder Pac stworzył ekskluzywną, choć drewnianą, siedzibę położoną na malowniczej skarpie Wisły, przy reprezentacyjnej trasie prowadzącej do Warszawy.
Podarował ją swojej żonie, Klarze Isabelli de Mailly Lascaris, krewnej królowej Ludwiki Marii, spowinowaconej z najwybitniejszymi rodami francuskimi, a także z cesarzami bizantyjskimi. W ten sposób Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac nawiązał do tradycji miejsca, bowiem dobra Ujazdów były związane z Anną, księżniczką mazowiecką oraz Anną Jagiellonką.
Dzięki wykorzystanym w artykule źródłom ikonograficznym i archiwalnym udało się zrekonstruować wygląd budynku i otaczających go ogrodów, a także przywołać wyposażenie pałacu z czasów Krzysztofa Zygmunta Paca. Parterowy pałac zbudowano na planie kwadratu, na wysokim cokole, z reprezentacyjną galerią otwierającą się na widok od strony Wisły. Projektantem budowli był najpewniej Tylman van Gameren.

The Belvedere Palace of Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac and Klara Isabelle de Mailly
The article deals with the little-known, first stage of the history of the Belvedere residence in Warsaw when it was constructed and arranged (1659–1663) by Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Referring to a tradition, established in the times of the Vasa dynasty, of seats surrounded by gardens and of an antique otium and Italian villa, Pac created an exclusive seat, albeit made of wood, situated on a picturesque escarpment of the River Vistula, on the ceremonial route leading to Warsaw. He gave it to his wife, Klara Isabella de Mailly Lascari, a relative of Queen Marie Louise and a descendant of the most eminent French families, who at the same time was related to the Byzantine emperors. In this way Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac drew upon the tradition of the place, as Ujazdów had been connected with Anna, Princess of Mazovia as well as Anna Jagiellon.
Thanks to iconographic and archival sources as yet not analysed, it was possible to reconstruct the outline of the building and at least partially map its furnishings. The villa was constructed on a square plan, erected on a high plinth as a ground-floor building with four sections, with a representative gallery opened wide onto the Vistula side. It appears from this that the palace was designed by Tylman van Gameren.
Kaplice grobowe a współczesna kultura wizualne
Authors: Gutowski Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2020

Można wskazać wiele czynników determinujących formy grobowców wznoszonych na cmentarzach w drugiej połowie XX w. Po pierwsze, jest to specyfika miejsca silnie nacechowanego religijnym i duchowym kontekstem a zarazem świeckimi wpływami i ideami. Po drugie, są nimi kulturowe i – dość często – historyczne uwarunkowania.
W przypadku kaplic grobowych dominującą tendencją jest neomodernizm. Charakterystyczne jest poszukiwanie wzajemnych relacji pomiędzy przestrzenią, światłem, materiałem – współoddziaływania kształtów i symboliki, sprzyjającego indywidualnej kontemplacji. Wyraźnie czytelne jest dążenie do dematerializacji i podwójnego kodowania. Z jednej strony, zewnętrzny, fizyczny blok; z drugiej – jego wnętrze nakierowane na pozazmysłowe doświadczenie. Otwarcie na czysto zmysłowe bodźce, które wzmacniają odczuwanie doświadczenia „innego”.
Przywołane w artykule obiekty odznaczają się oryginalnością form i – w pewnym stopniu – różnorodnością materiałów. Jednakże, o ile formalne rozwiązania odbiegają od siebie nawzajem, o tyle w zasadzie zauważamy wspólne dążenie do kreowania form, które pomagają nadać doświadczeniu śmierci indywidualny charakter.
Tomb-Chapel and Contemporary Visual Culture
Undoubtedly, there are numerous factors determining the forms of located at cementeries tombs built in the second half of the 20th century. Firstly, it is the specificity of the place strongly affected by the religious and spiritual context but also by atheistic concepts. Secondly, we encounter cultural – and quite often – historical conditions. In the case of tombs, the dominant tendencies are close to neomodernism. What is characteristic is the search for the interplay of space, lighting, materials and reflections – the interplay fostering individual contemplation with its shape and symbolic. The striving for dematerialization and double-coding is very clear. On the one hand, an external, physical block; on the other hand – its interior directed towards the transcendent experience. Open to purely sensory stimuli which strengthen the feeling of experiencing “the other”. The mentioned examples are characterized by originality of the form and – to some extend – diversity of materials. Insofar as, however, the formal solutions considerably differ from each other, we principally observe the pursuit of creating forms that help individualize the experience of death.
Recent Advances in Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding for Quality Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Song Zhenqiao , Li Xingfeng 
Published: April 2020

Background:
The quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), reflected by its bioactive
compounds and associated contents, is directly linked to its clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is of great
importance to improve the quality of TCM by increasing the bioactive compound content.

Methods:
Mapping the active component content-associated QTLs in TCM and further marker-assisted breeding
have enabled us to rapidly and effectively cultivate new varieties with high bioactive compound contents, which has
opened the door for genetic breeding studies on medicinal plants.

Results:
In this paper, a strategy and technical molecular breeding method for TCM are discussed. The development
of, four methods of and progress in functional marker development as well as the applications of such markers in
TCM are reviewed.

Conclusion:
The progress in, challenges of, and future of marker-assisted breeding for quality improvement of TCM
are discussed, which provide valuable scientific references for future molecular breeding.
Pediatric Alopecia Areata
Authors: Afford Rebecca , Leung Alexander K. C. , Lam Joseph M. 
Published: April 2020

Background:Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss disorder of autoimmune etiology.Objective:To familiarize physicians with the clinical presentation, diagnosis, evaluation, and management of pediatric alopecia areata.Methods:The search term "Alopecia areata" was entered into a Pubmed search. A narrow scope was applied to the categories of "epidemiology", "clinical diagnosis", "investigations", "comorbidities", and "treatment". Meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews were included. Only papers published in the English language were included. A descriptive, narrative synthesis was provided of the retrieved articles.Results:AA is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. It is the third most common dermatologic presentation in children with a lifetime risk of 1-2%. Diagnosing AA can be made on the basis of the history and clinical findings. Patients will often present with patchy, non-scarring hair loss, generally affecting the scalp. History may reveal a personal or family medical history of autoimmune or atopic disease or a recent stressful event. Tricoscopic examination will classically show “exclamation point hairs” and “yellow dots”. Nonspecific nail changes may be present. Other clinical variants include alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis, ophiasis, sisaipho, and Canitis subita. There are multiple treatment options for AA, including conservative treatment, and topical, oral, and injectable medications.Conclusion:AA is an autoimmune disease with a heterogenous presentation and unpredictable clinical course. Although there is no cure for AA, there are many current treatment options available to help manage this disfiguring disease.
Formulasi Cookies Sagu, Ganyong, Dan Galohgor Sebagai Alternatif Kudapan Bagi Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Suharjo Aulia Ratnadianti , Roosita Katrin 
Published: April 2020

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produk cookies sagu, ganyong, dan galohgor sebagai kudapan alternatif bagi penderita diabetes melitus. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat taraf formula, yaitu F0 (kontrol), F1 (12.5% tepung ganyong, 0% ekstrak jamu galohgor), F2 (10% tepung ganyong, 2.5% ekstrak jamu galohgor), dan F3 (0% tepung ganyong, 2.5% ekstrak jamu galohgor). Cookies sagu, ganyong, dan galohgor memiliki tingkat penerimaan mencapai 82%. Kandungan zat gizi cookies sagu, ganyong, dan galohgor adalah 5.3% (b/b), abu 2.4% (b/k), lemak 26.8% (b/k), protein 2.4% (b/k), serat kasar 3.1% (b/k), dan karbohidrat 63.1% (b/k). Total flavonoid pada cookies sagu, ganyong, dan galohgor setara dengan 22 mg quercetin equivalen/100 gram. Cookies ganyong galohgor dalam satu kali sajian (40 gram) dapat memenuhi kebutuhan energi dan zat gizi wanita berusia 50-64 tahun sebagai berikut: 12.9% energi, 1.5% protein, 30.5% lemak, 4.9% serat, dan 10.2% karbohidrat.Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, cookies, ganyong, galohgorÂ Abstract Preconception women who have anemia are at risk of suffering problems during pregnancy. One of risk The aim of this study was to develop sago, ganyong, and galohgor cookies as a healthy snack for diabetes mellitus patients. Study design was Complete Randomized Design. This study using four formula levels F0 (control), F1 (12.5% ganyong flour, 0% galohgor extract), F2 (10% ganyong flour, 2.5% galohgor extract), and F3 (0% ganyong flour, 2.5% galohgor extract). Sago, ganyong, and galohgor cookies had 82% acceptance level. Nutrient contents and characteristics of sago, ganyong, and galohgor cookies were as follows 5.3% (w/w) moisture,Â 2.4% (d/w) ash, 26.8% (d/w) fat, 2.4% (d/w) protein, 3.1% (d/w) crude fiber, and 63.1% (d/w) carbohydrate. The flavonoid value of sago, ganyong, and galohgor cookies was equal to 22 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g. Sago, ganyong, and galohgor in one serving size (40 grams) might contribute to energy and nutrients requirment of woman aged 50-64 years, as much asÂ follows: 12.9% energy, 1.5% protein, 30.5% fat, 4.9% fiber and 10.2% carbohydrate. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, cookies, ganyong, galohgor
Potensi Penggunaan Metode In Vitro dalam Memperkirakan Pemeringkatan Indeks Glikemik In Vivo pada Beberapa Varietas Beras yang Dimasak
Authors: Nurhayati Aprinia Dian , Rimbawan Rimbawan , Anwar Faisal , Winarto Adi 
Published: April 2020

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji metode in vitro yang paling potensial digunakan dalam skrining indeks glikemik (IG) pada nasi yang menurut literatur memiliki IG berbeda (rendah, sedang dan tinggi). Metode Englyst et al. (2003) dan Argyri et al. (2016) menjadi metode in vitro terpilih yang diuji validitasnya untuk mengetahui kemampuan keduanya dalam menggolongkan pangan sesuai hasil pengujian IG in vivo. Sebanyak enam varietas beras dimasak menggunakan rice cooker kemudian nasi diuji kadar proksimat (protein, lemak, air, abu, karbohidrat), serat pangan total, amilosa, amilopektin dan pati. Sebanyak 20 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi dalam dua kelompok sebanding untuk diukur kadar gula darah 2 jam setelah mengonsumsi makanan. Nasi hitam Cirebon, Cisokan dan Inpara 5 memiliki IG sedang, sedangkan nasi Inpari 24, Sintanur dan ketan Grendel tergolong IG tinggi. Kadar glukosa nasi pada metode Englyst et al. (2003) menit ke-20 dan Argyri et al. (2016) menit ke-120 apabila dibuat pemeringkatan terendah hingga tertinggi menunjukkan urutan peringkat yang sesuai dengan urutan nilai IG in vivo. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah metode Argyri et al. (2016) menunjukkan hasil yang lebih mendekati nilai IG in vivo dan prosedur pengukuran yang dilakukan lebih mirip dengan proses pencernaan pada tubuh manusia, sehingga metode ini lebih direkomendasikan dalam memperkirakan pengkategorian IG in vivo pada sampel berupa nasi (r2=0,461, p<0,01).Kata kunci: indeks glikemik, in vitro, nasiÂ Abstract Â The aim of this study was to test the most potential in vitro methods to used in screening the glycemic index (GI) of rice which according to the literature had different GI category (low, medium, high). Englyst et al. (2003) and Argyri et al. (2016) became the selected in vitro method that tested their validity by determine their ability to classify food according to the results of in vivo GI. Six rice varieties were cooked using a rice cooker then tested for proximate analysis (protein, fat, water, ash, carbohydrate), total dietary fiber, amylose, amylopectin and starch. A total of 20 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two comparable groups to measure their blood glucose levels for 2 hours after consuming test food. Cirebon black rice, Cisokan and Inpara 5 have moderate GI, while Inpari 24, Sintanur and Grendel glutinous rice were classified as high GI. Glucose levels of rice as measured by Englyst et al. (2003) at 20th minute and Argyri et al. (2016) at 120th minute has a comparable rank with in vivo GI. The conclusion of this study is method by Argyri et al. (2016) showed results that were closer to the in vivo GI and the measurement procedure was more similar to the digestive process in the human body, thus its became more recommended method to estimating the categorization of in vivo GI in rice samples (r2=0,461, p<0,01). Keywords: glycemic index, in vitro, rice
An mHealth Intervention (ReZone) to Help Young People Self-Manage Overwhelming Feelings: Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Edridge Chloe , Wolpert Miranda , Deighton Jessica , Edbrooke-Childs Julian 
Published: May 2020

Background
Mental health difficulties in young people are increasing, and there is a need for evidence on the effectiveness of digital interventions to increase opportunities for supporting mental health in young people. Such studies are complicated due to issues of implementation and adoption, outcome measurement, and appropriate study designs.

Objective
The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an mHealth intervention (ReZone) in reducing mental health difficulties in young people.

Methods
The cluster-randomized controlled trial enrolled 409 participants aged 10-15 years, and classes were allocated to ReZone or management as usual. Self-reported questionnaires were completed at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

Results
There were no significant differences between the ReZone condition and management as usual in the self-reported outcome measures. However, there were 3467 usage sessions, which corresponds to 16.9 times per student (total of 205 students) in classes allocated to ReZone.

Conclusions
It is essential to publish studies that do not show significant differences, as these findings can still contribute to the literature, help in learning, and inform the direction of future work. The results reported in this paper could be due to a range of reasons, including whether ReZone has the scope to impact change or limitations related to the setting, context, and appropriateness of an RCT. The findings of this study suggest that ReZone was implemented and adopted.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/resprot.7019
Effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on the employment intention of medical students in China：A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Changhui , Xuan Long , Zhang Jie , Mei Aihong , Yi Wanwan , Xie Shuanshuan , Tan Min , Kosasih Sinthu , Chen Leilei , Wen Jing , Wang Jue , Chen Jia 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

As a serious public health event, the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic is raging around the world. Whether it has an effect on medical students' employment intention is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the impact of COVID-19 on the employment intention of Chinese medical students and its associated factors.

METHODS

An electronic questionnaire was designed to conduct an anonymous online convenient sampling survey for medical students in China. 1163 medical students from thirty-one different provinces of different academic degrees, current educational status, and regions were surveyed. The questionnaire investigated the overall impression of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on medical students’ employment intentions, the willingness to engage in clinical or basic research after graduation, the willingness to engage in epidemic-related specialties after graduation, and the willingness to participate in epidemic-related work.

RESULTS

The medical students' employment intention was correlated with academic degree (ρ=0.09, P=.003), current educational status (ρ=0.10, P=.001), and geographical region (ρ=-0.07, P=.03). For choosing clinical work or scientific research, statistical significance was observed in gender (21=7.0, P=.008), degree (22=8.6, P=.01), and current educational status (22=65.0, P<.001); degree and current educational status were the key factor affecting the selection(all P<0.001). Statistically significant correlation was observed between the willingness to engage in epidemic specialties and educational status (ρ=0.10, P=0.001), degree (ρ=0.18, P<0.001) and region (ρ=-0.07, P=.03). Clinical interns (22=75.9, P<.001), college graduate students (Z=-4.4, P<.001) and postgraduate students (Z=-5.3, P<.001), and medical students from regions with severe epidemic or high risk (Z=-2.2, P=.03) were less willing to engage in epidemic related specialties. Medical students with postgraduate’s degree was less willing to participate in epidemic related work than college graduate students (Z=-3.2, P=.001), and students from severe epidemic regions were less willing to participate in epidemic related work (Z=-3.2, P=.001). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there were statistically significant correlation between the willingness to participate in epidemic related work and region (ρ=-0.10, P=.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant influence on the employment intention of Chinese medical students from different degrees, educational status and regions. More professional ethics education, preferential policies, and encouragement should be supplied to medical students.
Identifying Outcomes Important to Patients with Glomerular Disease and Their Caregivers
Authors: Carter Simon A. , Gutman Talia , Logeman Charlotte , Cattran Dan , Lightstone Liz , Bagga Arvind , Barbour Sean J. , Barratt Jonathan , Boletis John , Caster Dawn , Coppo Rosanna , Fervenza Fernando C. , Floege Jürgen , Hladunewich Michelle , Hogan Jonathan J. , Kitching A. Richard , Lafayette Richard A. , Malvar Ana , Radhakrishnan Jai , Rovin Brad H. , Scholes-Robertson Nicole , Trimarchi Hérnan , Zhang Hong , Azukaitis Karolis , Cho Yeoungjee , Viecelli Andrea K. , Dunn Louese , Harris David , Johnson David W. , Kerr Peter G. , Laboi Paul , Ryan Jessica , Shen Jenny I. , Ruiz Lorena , Wang Angela Yee-Moon , Lee Achilles Hoi Kan , Fung Samuel , Tong Matthew Ka-Hang , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Wilkie Martin , Alexander Stephen I. , Craig Jonathan C. , Tong Allison ,   on behalf of the SONG-GD Investigators
Published: April 2020

Background and objectives
Shared decision making in patients with glomerular disease remains challenging because outcomes important to patients remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify and prioritize outcomes important to patients and caregivers and to describe reasons for their choices.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We purposively sampled adult patients with glomerular disease and their caregivers from Australia, Hong Kong, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Participants identified, discussed, and ranked outcomes in focus groups using the nominal group technique; a relative importance score (between zero and one) was calculated. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically.

Results
Across 16 focus groups, 134 participants (range, 19–85 years old; 51% women), including 101 patients and 33 caregivers, identified 58 outcomes. The ten highest-ranked outcomes were kidney function (importance score of 0.42), mortality (0.29), need for dialysis or transplant (0.22), life participation (0.18), fatigue (0.17), anxiety (0.13), family impact (0.12), infection and immunity (0.12), ability to work (0.11), and BP (0.11). Three themes explained the reasons for these rankings: constraining day-to-day experience, impaired agency and control over health, and threats to future health and family.

Conclusions
Patients with glomerular disease and their caregivers highly prioritize kidney health and survival, but they also prioritize life participation, fatigue, anxiety, and family impact.
Improving Quality of Arabic Translation Course through Jigsaw Cooperative Learning
Authors: Fitriyah Tika , Fauzi Moh. Fery 
Published: April 2020

Translation is not only a process of language transfer, but also a transfer of culture from the source language to the target language. For this reason, translators must have broad and rich insights. The process to enrich cultural insights, knowledge, and treasures in the translation process can be formed through Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model because it is student-centered learning and requires them to independently seek and share knowledge. This study aimed to improve the ethos of students learning in Arabic translation subject and to improve students’ Arabic translation quality. This classroom action research was conducted two cycles (repeated seven times). Each cycle referred to Spiral Model by Kemmis, McTaggart, and Nixon. The subjects were 52 students of C Class and D Class in Terjemah Arab-Indonesia Course at Arabic Language and Literature Department of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The data of students’ learning ethos were obtained from performance grading rubric in Jigsaw Cooperative Learning and the data of Arabic translation quality were obtained from students worksheet assesment and end-of-cycle Arabic translation test. The results showed that Jigsaw Cooperative Learning improved (1) the learning ethos, especially the independence of students in seeking and sharing knowledge through Jigsaw Cooperative Learning and (2) the quality of Arabic-Indonesia translation. This model was effectively used for this course because students can translate longer texts with relatively short time.