bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Children 5 to 10 Years in Kita and Bafoulabe Districts, Mali.
Authors: Diawara Sory Ibrahim , Mihigo Jules , Konate Drissa , Ndabamenye Protais , Swedberg Eric , Garg Lyndsey W. , Gamache Nathalie , Keita Bourama , Kamate Beh , Ndaruhutse Philbert , Kone Diakalia , Sanogo Vincent , Tounkara Moctar , Diakite Mahamadou , Doumbia Seydou , Eckert Erin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is the administration of complete therapeutic courses of antimalarial to all children 3–59 months old during the malaria transmission season. This study measured coverage, impact and cost of adding SMC in children aged 5-10 years. Methods : A non-randomized, pre-post design, with an intervention (Kita) and control (Bafoulabe) district implemented SMC for children 5-10 years old through the health system in 2017 and 2018. SMC implementation consisted of the administration of SP + AQ at monthly intervals in children 5-10 years in July, August, September and October annually. Baseline and endline household surveys were conducted in both districts. Separate surveys to measure adherence and tolerance to treatment occurred annually in the intervention district (200 households) following each of the four treatment rounds. Routine data on malaria cases tested and treated and information on SMC campaign and treatment costs were collected. Results : A total of 310 and 323 children 5 to 10 years were included in Kita and Bafoulabe respectively in the baseline survey in July 2017, plasmodium infection prevalence was comparable in the two districts (p=0.07): 27.7% in the intervention district (Kita) against 21.7% in the comparison district (Bafoulabé). Mild anemia was found in 14.2% of children in Kita vs 10.5% in Bafoulabé. Household survey found 89.1% of SMC coverage rate, child’s mothers were interviewed with 93.3% during the SMC campaign in Kita. The most side effect reported by parents was vomiting with 9.3%. One year after SMC implementation in 5 to 10 years in Kita, three doses coverage was 81.2%, there was a reduction by 40% (OR=0.60, CI:0.41-0.89) of malaria parasite carriage; 21% and 62% reduction of simple malaria and severe malaria prevalence respectively in the pilot district vs control. Mild anemia and severe anemia were comparable in the two districts. The level of malaria molecular resistance rate remains below the threshold. Quintuple mutation (dhfr triple +dhps437+dhps540) remained <5% after intervention in both districts.Conclusion: The SMC strategy contributed to malaria prevention in 5-10 year old children and should be integrated to SMC for children 3-59 months. Keywords : Malaria, Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention, Sulfadoxine-Pyriméthamine, Amodiaquine, Anemia.
Characteristics and prognostic outcome factors in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients:a prospective observational study
Authors: Ma Xiaoying , Xu HaiPing , Sun FuYun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, outcomes and prognosis factors of survival in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients, so as to better understand the status of elderly peritoneal dialysis patients and improve their quality of life.Methods This study was a prospective, observational study that included peritoneal dialysis (PD)patients.Categorizing by age, elderly group is aged ≥ 65, younger group is aged < 65. Clinical characteristics, survival and transferring to hemodialysis were compared between two groups.Meanwhile, risk factors of death in elderly PD patients were explored.Results A total of 202 PD patients were enrolled, including 61 in elderly group and 141 in younger group. The comparison of baseline data between two groups: in elderly group serum albumin and normalized protein catabolic rate(nPCR) decreased, the incidence of previous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI) were higher, the major primary disease in elderly patients was diabetic nephropathy, significant differences were found between elderly and younger group(P < 0.01). The mortality in elderly group was substantially higher, 27 patients (44.3%) died in elderly group and 21 patients(14.3%) died in younger group .The 1-year,2-year,3-year,4-year survival rate were 81.97%, 70.49%, 60.66%, 55.74%,respectively. Cardiovascular disease was the main cause of death in elderly PD patients. Higher BMI 、CCI, and previous ischemic heart disease(IHD)were risk factors for long-term survival of elderly PD patients. Compared with the younger group, elderly patients were less likely to transfer to hemodialysis: 2 cases (3.3%) in elderly group and 23 cases (16.3%) in younger group. Peritonitis was primary reason for converting to hemodialysis(HD) in both two group.Conclusions Poor nutrition, more complications and diabetic nephropathy were characteristics of elderly PD patients. High BMI, CCI and previous IHD were independent predictors of death in elderly PD patients. Cardiovascular disease was the main cause of death in elderly PD patients,while the chief reason of transferring to hemodialysis was peritonitis.
Apoptosis-Induced Wnt2/β-Catenin Signaling Triggers Astrocytic Dedifferentiation and Facilitates Neurogenesis in Ischemic Cortex
Authors: Fan Hong , Yang Jialei , Xing Junling , Guo Baolin , Wang Wenting , Hu Yingzhou , Lin Wei , Huang Ying , Ding Jian , Sun Li , Wu Jing , Zhao Youyi , Deng Wenbin , Zhou Chengji , Qiu Mengsheng , Wu Shengxi , Ding Yu-Qiang , Wang Ya-Zhou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Reactive astrogliosis is a common pathologic change of various neurological disorders and usually takes some properties of neural progenitors. This dedifferentiation response of reactive astrocytes to injury is thought as an endogenous cellular attempt for neuronal regeneration, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Methods: A focal cerebral ischemic model was adopted to assess the dedifferentiation of reactive astrocytes. Topgal mice (a Wnt signaling reporting mouse line) and Caspase-3-/- mice were used to evaluate the change and roles of Wnt signaling and apoptosis in this process. Virus mediated Wnt2, β-catenin, dnTCF4 and DAP5 manipulation was used to reveal the molecular mechanism of dedifferentiation. Ischemic cortical samples and Wnt2-5UTR sequences of macaca mulatta and human were analyzed to explore if the apoptosis-induced Wnt2 up-regulation was conserved. Results: Focal ischemia induces rapid up-regulation of Wnt2 protein in apoptotic neurons in mice, primates and human, and activation of canonical Wnt signaling in reactive astrocytes. Local delivery of Wnt2 shRNA abolished the dedifferentiation response of astrocytes while over-expressing Wnt2 promoted progenitor marker expression and neurogenesis. Both the activation of Wnt signaling and dedifferentiation of astrocytes was compromised in ischemic caspase-3-/- cortex. Over-expressing stabilized β-catenin not only facilitated neurogenesis but also promoted functional recovery in ischemic caspase-3-/- mice. Apoptotic neurons up-regulated Wnt2 protein via internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation. Knocking down death associated protein 5 (DAP5), a key protein in IRES-mediated protein translation, significantly diminished both Wnt activation and astrocyte dedifferentiation. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated a novel apoptosis-initiated Wnt-activating mechanism which triggers the dedifferentiation of reactive astrocytes and facilitates neurogenesis in adult cortex, revealing a “SOS” mechanism for inducing astrocyte dedifferentiation and indicating Wnt2/β-catenin signaling as a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
WITHDRAWN: The extract of a Traditional Chinese Medicine alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis of Rats by inhibiting NF-κB activation and upregulating BAMBI in Hepatic Stellate Cells
Authors: Liu Xudong , Tang You-Ming , Lv Ping , Zhao Zhuang-Zhi , Xu Xin-Jie , Tang Yan-Fang , Zhao Xiao-Fang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
DaHuangZheChong pill (DHZCP) is a formula of traditional Chinese medicine, which has been written into the guideline for the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis in China. The study was aim to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects and the potential mechanisms of DHZCP revolving around the TGF-β pseudo receptor, bone morphogenic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).
Materials and Methods
Wistar rats were given with CCL4 for four weeks to establish hepatic fibrosis model. Then the rats were given normal saline or DHZCP decoction six weeks. the pathology of liver tissue was analyzed, the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), BAMBI, and NF-κB were detected. In vitro, the associated signal molecules about LPS-activated NF-κB were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry, western blot, or electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) in cultured HSC-T6 cells .
Results
The DHZCP showed significant effects on improving fibrosis stage of liver tissue and inhibiting primary HSCs activation. The protein expression of TLR4/MyD88 was lower (P was both < 0.05), BAMBI was higher in DHZCP group than model control (MC) group (P < 0.05) in primary HSCs. In HSC-T6 cells, the activity of NF-κB was lower (P < 0.001), and BAMBI was higher (P < 0.05) in DHZCP added LPS group than in LPS group.
Conclusion
These results suggested that DHZCP alleviates hepatic fibrosis that was maybe associated with inhibiting activation of NF-κB induced by LPS, and upregulating BAMBI expression in HSCs.
Primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting as advanced ovarian cancer: a case report
Authors: Cheng Kung-Chuan , Lee Ko-Chao , Chen Hong-Hwa , Ou YC 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Account for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal tumors, primary appendiceal malignancies are rare and their diagnoses are usually made after exploratory laparotomy. Most of them present with nonspecific symptoms, such as abdominal pain, abdominal fullness and huge pelvic mass, mimicking advanced stage ovarian cancer.Case Presentation We described two menopausal women who were referred to our institution under the impression of advanced stage of primary ovarian cancer. However, both patients were eventually found to have primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastasis at laparotomy. Initial symptoms, intraoperative finding, pathology finding, and postoperative clinical courses were recorded.Conclusions Comparing with primary ovarian tumor, ovarian metastasis is relatively rare. The clinical picture can be misleading and the differential diagnoses of primary appendiceal cancer should be considered when preoperative workup is planned.
The prevalence of neonatal near miss and associated factors in Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rajbanshi Sushma , Noor Norhayati Mohd , Hussain Nik Hazlina Nik 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Unlike the infant mortality rate, the rate of neonatal mortality has not declined and remains a major health challenge in low- and middle-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on newborn care, especially during the first 24 hours of birth and the early neonatal period. Determining which factors contribute to neonatal near miss (NNM) can be used to assess health care quality and identify factors capable of correction in the healthcare system to improve neonatal care. Thus, the objective of the current study was to establish the prevalence of NNM and identify its associated factors.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Koshi Hospital, Nepal. Neonates and their mothers (unspecified maternal age and number of gestational weeks) were enrolled. The key inclusion criterion was the admission of newborn infants to the neonatal intensive care unit at Koshi Hospital. Non-Nepali citizens were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used until the required sample size (i.e., 1,000 newborn infants) was reached. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS ® version 24.0.Results: One thousand respondents were recruited. The prevalence of NNM was 79 per 1,000 live births. Maternal secondary (adjusted odds ratio (AOR]: 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI]: 0.24–0.88) and tertiary education (AOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05–0.56), multiparity (AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.39–0.86), Caesarean section (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.19–0.99), and severe maternal morbidity (AOR: 4.51, 95% CI: 2.07–9.84) were significantly associated with NNM.Conclusions: Parity, severe maternal morbidity, mode of delivery, and maternal education were significantly associated with NNM. Healthcare workers should be aware of the impact of obstetric factors so that earlier interventions, especially the Caesarean section, can be exercised.
CircRIMKLB Promotes Myoblasts Proliferation and Inhibits Differentiation via Sponging miR-29c to Release KCNJ12
Authors: Wang Jian , Wen Yifan , Xu Jiawei , Yue Binglin , Zhong Jialin , Zheng Li , Lei Chuzhao , Chen Hong , Huang Yongzhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMuscle development is a complex progress that regulated by many factors, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is found to act as a vital part of performing normal function of muscle cells. Circular RNA(circRNA), a kind ncRNA with closed RNA, is reported to affect life process. However, there are limited studies about how circRNAs affect muscle development and this study is aimed to find how circ RNA Ribosomal modification protein rimK like family member B (circRIMKLB) affects muscle development.ResultsWe found circular circRIMKLB expressed differentially at different stages of muscle development. The results revealed that circRIMKLB could promote myoblasts proliferation and inhibits differentiation. MicroRNA-29c (miR-29c) was identified as a downstream of circRIMKLB by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA binding proteinImmunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Besides, Channel subfamily J member 12 (KCNJ12) was proved to be a novel target of miR-29c via dual-luciferase reporter assay, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) and western blot. We also explored the effect of circRIMKLB and KCNJ12 on muscle regeneration after injury in vivo and found that circRIMKLB and KCNJ12 could participate in regulating cell cycle.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we proved circRIMKLB could sponge miR-29c to affect the expression level of KCNJ12 and eventually affect myoblast proliferation and differentiation and participate in cell cycle regulation in muscle regeneration after injury in vivo.
Short-Wavelength Blue Light Contributes to Pyroptosis of Human Lens Epithelial Cells (hLECs) by Caspase-1-GSDMD Signalling Axis Activation
Authors: Song Zhaowei , Wang Xiaohui , Li Huazhang , Sun Ying , Liu Kexin , Liu Xiangyu , Su Sheng , Li Zhijian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: To examine the effects of short-wavelength blue light (SWBL) on cultured human lens epithelial cells (hLECs). The nosogenesis of cataracts after SWBL exposure was discussed. Methods: HLE-B3 hLECs were divided into 3 groups randomly: A: normal control group, which consisted of hLECs cultured in the dark; B: the caspase-1 inhibitor group; and C: the SWBL exposure group. After the SWBL (2500 lux) irradiation (for 8, 16, 24, and 32 h), the caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression levels in HLE-B3 hLECs were examined using ELISA, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting analyses. Double-positive staining of HLE-B3 hLECs for activated and inhibited caspase-1 was used to confirm pyroptosis in hLECs by flow cytometry. Results: SWBL can cause cell death in HLE-B3 hLECs, but a caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed cell death. The flow cytometry results also confirmed the does-dependent of short-wavelength blue light irradiation on pyroptotic death of hLECs. Caspase-1 and GSDMD expression levels of all hLECs groups changed with short-wavelength blue light exposure times (8, 16, 24, and 32 h) and were higher in groups B and C than group A. The immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the expression of GSDMD-N was higher in the cell membrane in both the B and C groups than in the A group.Conclusion: The data indicate that SWBL induces pyroptotic programmed cell death by activation of the GSDMD signalling axis in HLE-B3 hLECs. These results provide new insights into the exploitation of new candidates for the prevention of cataracts.
Distances between popliteal vessels to the femur and anthropometric impacts on distal femoral fracture surgery outcome: a retrospective study
Authors: Chang Hao-Wei , Lin Chia-Yu , Chen Hui-Yi , Chen Yi-Wen , Chen Hsien-Te , Lin I-Hao , Hsu Chin-Jung , Lin Tsung-Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:The proximity of the popliteal vessels in the distal femur may increase the risk of iatrogenic vascular injury during cerclage wiring. In this study, the closest location and distance of the popliteal vessels to the femur was examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The associations between anthropometric factors and the distance that would guide the placement of wires safely during surgery were also identified.Methods:We reviewed knee MRIs of 206 adults and recorded 1) the relation as well as the shortest horizontal distance (d-H) from the femoral cortex to the popliteal vessels in axial images and 2) the vertical distance (d-V) from the adductor tubercle to the axial level of d-H in coronal images. The effects of anthropometric factors (i.e., gender, age, body height, body weight, body mass index, thigh circumference, femoral length, and femoral width) on these distances were analysed.Results:The closet locations of popliteal vessels were at the posteromedial aspect of the femur. The d-H and d-V were 7.38 ± 3.22 mm, and 57.01 ± 11.14 mm, respectively, and were both shorter in women than in men (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified thigh circumference and femoral length as the most influential factors for the d-H and d-V, respectively (P < 0.001). Linear regression demonstrated a strong positive linear correlation between the thigh circumference and the d-H and between the femoral length and the d-V (Pearson’s r = 0.891 and 0.806, respectively [P < 0.001]).Conclusions:The closet location and distance of the popliteal vessels to the femur provide useful information for wire placement during distal femoral fracture surgery while minimising the risk of vascular injury. Given that patients with smaller thigh circumference and shorter femoral length are more likely to have smaller d-H and shorter d-V, respectively, cautious measures should be taken in such cases.Trial registration:retrospectively registered
Influence of shear effects on the characteristics of axisymmetric wave propagation in a buried fluid-filled pipe
Authors: Lu Ping , Sheng Xiaozhen , Gao Yan , Wang Ruichen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The acoustic propagation characteristics of axisymmetric waves have been widely used in leak detection of fluid-filled pipes. The related acoustic methods and equipment are gradually coming to the market, but their theoretical research obviously lags behind the field practice, which seriously restricts the breakthrough and innovation of this technology. Based on the fully three-dimensional effect of the surrounding medium, a coupled motion equation of axisymmetric wave of buried liquid-filled pipes is derived in detail, a contact coefficient is used to express the coupling strength between surrounding medium and pipe, then, a general equation of motion was derived which contain the pipe soil lubrication contact, pipe soil compact contact and pipe in water and air. Finally, the corresponding numerical calculation model is established and solved used numerical method. The shear effects of the surrounding medium and the shear effects at the interface between surrounding medium and pipe are discussed in detail. The output indicates that the surrounding medium is to add mass to the pipe wall, but the shear effect is to add stiffness. With the consideration of the contact strength between the pipe and the medium, the additional mass and the pipe wall will resonate at a specific frequency, resulting in a significant increase in the radiation wave to the surrounding medium. The research contents have great guiding effect on the theory of acoustic wave propagation and the engineering application of leak detection technology in the buried pipe.
Aqueous extract of Kan-Lu-Hsiao-Tu-Tan ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by regulating immune and inflammatory responses
Authors: Chiang Chih-Chao , Li Yi‐Rong , Lai Kuei-Hung , Cheng Wei-Jen , Lin Shih-Chao , Wang Yi-Hsuan , Chen Po-Jen , Yang Sien-Hung , Hwang Tsong-Long 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease featured by joint inflammation and systemic comorbidities. Kan-Lu-Hsiao-Tu-Tan (KLHTT), a Chinese medicine formulation, has free radical scavenging capacity and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. However, its anti-arthritic effect remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to explore the anti-arthritic effects of KLHTT on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Methods

KLHTT was extracted using boiling water. KLHTT (50 and 100 mg/kg) was fed orally for 21 days once a day on CIA in DBA/1J mice. The severity of CIA was evaluated by histological assessments. Levels of inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were measured using ELISA, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and hydrogen peroxide assay kits, respectively. Anti-collagen type II (CII) antibody was assayed by ELISA. Proliferation of splenocytes was tested using radioactive thymidine incorporation assay. Levels of Th1 and Th17 cells were obtained using flow cytometry.
Results

KLHTT significantly ameliorated paw edema and restored body weight in CIA mice. The synovitis, cartilage damage, and bone erosion were reduced by KLHTT. KLHTT exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and tumour necrosis factor-α in the paw homogenates and serum. KLHTT also showed antioxidant activity by reducing the concentrations of MDA and H2O2 in paw tissues. Moreover, KLHTT reduced anti-CII antibody formation, suppressed splenocyte proliferation, and mitigated the levels of splenic Th1 and Th17 cells in CIA mice.
Conclusion

The therapeutic effects of KLHTT in CIA mice were through regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Our results suggest that KLHTT has potential to treat rheumatoid arthritis.