bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral desensitization in IgE‐mediated food allergy: Effectiveness and safety
Authors: Calvani Mauro , Bianchi Annamaria , Imondi Chiara , Romeo Eleonora 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe avoidance of allergenic foods and emergency medications on accidental exposure are the only currently approved treatments in food allergy. EAACI guideline on allergen immunotherapy recommends oral immunotherapy as a therapeutic option to increase the threshold of the reaction during treatment in children with persistent IgE‐mediated cow's milk, hen's egg, and peanut allergy from around 4‐5 years of age, but the same recommendation cannot currently be made to achieve post‐discontinuation effectiveness. Both systemic and local reactions during OIT have been frequently reported. For this reason, EAACI guideline suggests several recommendations on safety, including carefully monitoring patients for allergic reactions, especially during the up‐dosing phase of OIT, and monitoring for symptoms of new‐onset eosinophilic esophagitis. New approaches are certainly necessary to give priority not only to effectiveness but also to safety.
Thyroid tumor surveillance using ultrasound in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Furui Yu , Morita Daisuke , Okura Eri , Komori Kazutoshi , Saito Shoji , Hirabayashi Kanae , Tanaka Miyuki , Nakazawa Yozo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal method for thyroid cancer screening in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) who received radiation involving the thyroid gland is still debated. We describe a case series of ultrasound surveillance for thyroid tumor in CCSs in our institute.MethodsWe conducted thyroid tumor surveillance for CCSs with a history of radiation therapy involving the thyroid. The basic screening method was palpation. Thyroid ultrasound was also performed for patients who agreed after its benefits and risks were explained to them. We surveyed CCSs who visited the long‐term follow‐up outpatient clinic in our institution between October 2014 and September 2018.ResultsOf 82 CCSs who visited our institution during the study period, 44 were eligible for inclusion. None had a mass identified by palpation. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in 39 CCSs, and we identified thyroid nodules in 27. Four patients had a nodule with malignant echo features. Two of these cases received biopsies, and one patient was ultimately diagnosed with an early stage thyroid carcinoma.ConclusionsChildhood cancer survivors irradiated in the thyroid had a higher prevalence of thyroid nodules than the general population. Ultrasound screening contributed to early detection of impalpable thyroid cancer and enabled us to perform minimal surgery. Thus, ultrasound appears to be a useful option for secondary thyroid cancer screening. The thyroid tumor surveillance modality should be considered according to the individual case, and the patient must receive a clear explanation of the benefits and risks. These results could help doctors consider how to screen for secondary thyroid cancer.
Effects of providing nursing care with web‐based program on maternal self‐efficacy and infant health
Authors: Sari Cigdem , Altay Naime 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe study was conducted to examine the efficacy of a web‐based program, informed by Pender's Health Promotion Model, given to primiparous women on the growth and development of infant, infants’ health, and women's self‐efficacy level.MethodsThis randomized controlled study with a posttest design was conducted in three primary care clinics. The study group comprised 71 primiparous women and their infants (intervention group: N = 35; control group: N = 36). The women who are at the 33–37th gestational week in the intervention group participated in the web‐based program. They completed four education modules. Women in the control group received routine care in clinics. Data forms were completed in the first week and first, second, and third months postpartum. Breastfeeding status, weight, head circumference, development of infants and women's self‐efficacy were evaluated in the postnatal period up to 3 months.ResultsIn the intervention group, the ratio of infants who were exclusively breastfed was higher compared to the control group. The mean scores for the LATCH instrument which measures breastfeeding status and Parental Self‐Efficacy Scale, were significantly higher in the intervention compared to the control group (p < .05).ConclusionThe women who participated in the web‐based program demonstrated better self‐efficacy and their infants demonstrated better scores on measures of growth, development, and health than those in the control group.
Fuel Injection Strategy for Utilization of Mineral Diesel-Methanol Blend in a Common Rail Direct Injection Engine
Authors: Singh Akhilendra Pratap , Sharma Nikhil , Kumar Vikram , Satsangi Dev Prakash , Agarwal Avinash Kumar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMethanol fueled internal combustion (IC) engines have attracted significant attention due to their contributions in reducing environmental pollution and fossil fuel consumption. In this study, a single-cylinder research engine was operated on MD10 (10% (v/v) methanol blended with mineral diesel) and baseline mineral diesel to explore an optimized fuel injection strategy for efficient combustion and reduced emissions. The experiments were conducted at constant engine speed (1500 rpm) and load (3 kW) using two different fuel injection strategies, namely, single pilot injection (SPI) and double pilot injection (DPI) strategy. For each pilot fuel injection strategy, the start of main injection (SoMI) timing was varied from −3 to 6° crank angle (CA) before top dead center (bTDC). To examine the effect of fuel injection pressure (FIP), experiments were performed at three different FIPs (500, 750, and 1000 bars). Results showed that the MD10 fueled engine resulted in superior combustion compared with baseline mineral diesel, which was further improved by DPI at higher FIPs. The use of DPI strategy was found to be more effective at higher FIPs, resulting in higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE), lower exhaust gas temperature (EGT), and reduced oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions compared with SPI strategy. Detailed investigations showed that the addition of methanol in mineral diesel reduced particulates, especially the accumulation mode particles (AMP). Different statistical analysis and qualitative correlations between fuel injection parameters showed that higher FIP and advanced SoMI timings were suitable for particulate reduction from the MD10 fueled engine.
Prospective investigation of pain associated with ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsies in oncological patients
Authors: Roman Andrei , Palego Federica , Achimas-Cadariu Patriciu , Vlad Catalin , Andries Alexandra , Tomuleasa Ciprian Ionut , Gata Vlad Alexandru , Pintican Roxana , Rada Maria Patricia , Feier Diana 
Published: February 2020

AimsThe present study aims to investigate the pain, anxiety and other factors that are associated with percutaneous computed tomography (CT)- and ultrasound (US)-guided biopsies of tumors.Material and MethodsThe study prospectively included 60 consecutive patients, of which 24 underwent CT-guided biopsies and 36 US-guided biopsies. The location of targeted tumors was within the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and limbs. A questionnaire containing numerical rate scales (0-10) regarding procedural and post-procedural pain, anxiety, and other associated parameters was filled out by each patient 2-6 hours after the procedure. CT and ultrasound parameters were compared. The two groups were then pooled together in order to compare pain scores per targeted organ and to analyze the parameters that were associated with pain.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the CT and US group with the exception of the positional discomfort, which was higher in the CT group (p=0.003). The average procedural pain score (2.0) was significantly higher than the post-procedural pain (1.3, p=0.006) and the phlebotomy pain (0.8, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between the targeted organs with regards to the pain score. The factors that showed a positive correlation with the procedural pain were procedure-related anxiety (p=0.005), positional discomfort (p=0.01), and phlebotomy pain (p=0.0008). The pre interventional use of an analgesic was negatively correlated with the procedural pain (p=0.02).ConclusionsCT- and US- guided percutaneous biopsies are associated with low levels of pain that are generally well tolerated by patients irrespective of the targeted organ.
Fetuin-A and fetal growth in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wang Wen-Juan , Zhang Lin , Zheng Tao , Zhang Guang-Hui , Du Kun , Yang Meng-Nan , He Hua , Wang Shufan , Wang Weiye , Zhang Jun , Ouyang Fengxiu , Luo Zhong-Cheng 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveFetuin-A is a glycoprotein produced by hepatocytes and has been associated with insulin resistance and bone growth in postnatal life. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by insulin resistance. It is unclear whether GDM may affect cord blood fetuin-A levels and whether fetuin-A is associated with fetal growth.Research design and methodsIn a nested case–control study of 153 matched pairs of neonates of mothers with GDM and euglycemic pregnancies in the Shanghai Birth Cohort, we evaluated cord blood fetuin-A in association with GDM and fetal growth.ResultsComparing the newborns of GDM versus euglycemic mothers, cord blood fetuin-A concentrations were similar (mean±SD: 783.6±320.0 vs 754.8±281.9 µg/mL, p=0.53), while insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I (76.6±27.8 ng/mL vs 68.1±25.1 ng/mL, p=0.008) and IGF-II (195.3±32.5 ng/mL vs 187.5±30.8 ng/mL, p=0.042) concentrations were higher. Cord blood fetuin-A was not correlated with insulin, IGF-I or IGF-II. Cord blood fetuin-A was negatively correlated with birth weight (r=−0.19, p=0.025) and birth length (r=−0.24, p=0.005) z scores in GDM pregnancies, while there were no significant correlations in euglycemic pregnancies (tests for interaction: p=0.014 for birth length, p=0.013 for birth length). Adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics, the differential associations remained.ConclusionsGDM was not associated with cord blood fetuin-A levels. Fetuin-A was negatively associated with fetal growth in GDM but not in euglycemic pregnancies. This novel observation suggests a GDM-conditional negative correlation of fetuin-A with fetal growth.
Coronary heart disease and heart failure in asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap
Authors: Ingebrigtsen Truls Sylvan , Marott Jacob Louis , Vestbo Jørgen , Nordestgaard Børge Grønne , Lange Peter 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionWe investigated risk of coronary heart disease and heart failure in phenotypes of obstructive airway disease.MethodsAmong 91 692 participants in the Copenhagen General Population Study, 42 058 individuals were classified with no respiratory disease, and 11 988 individuals had different phenotypes of obstructive airways disease: asthma with early onset or late-onset, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) above or below 50% of predicted value (%p) or asthma-COPD overlap (ACO).ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 5.7 years we registered 3584 admissions for coronary heart disease and 1590 admissions for heart failure. Multivariable Cox regression analyses of time to first admission were used with a two-sided p value of 0.05 as significance level. Compared with no respiratory disease the highest risks of coronary heart disease and heart failure were observed in ACO with late-onset asthma and FEV1<50% p, HR=2.2 (95% CI 1.6 to 3.0), and HR=2.9 (95% CI 2.0 to 4.3), respectively. In COPD with FEV1above 50% p the HRs were 1.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.5) for coronary heart disease and 1.9 (95% CI 1.6 to 2.3) for heart failure. Asthma associated with increased risks of coronary heart disease and heart failure, however, in asthma without allergy the HR was 1.1 (95% CI 0.7 to 1.6) for coronary heart disease while individuals with allergy had an HR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.6).ConclusionsRisks of coronary heart disease and heart failure were increased in asthma, COPD and ACO. In asthma, the risk of coronary heart disease depended on presence of allergy. We suggest that cardiovascular risk factors should be assessed systematically in individuals with obstructive airway disease with the potential to facilitate targeted treatments.
Bone marrow dyspoiesis associated with severe refractory anaemia in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Varadarajan Annapoorani , Lal Deepika , Kapil Radhika , Bihari Chhagan 
Published: February 2020

Background and aimPeripheral cytopaenias and dyspoiesis are common in cirrhosis; however, the prevalence of dyspoiesis and its contribution in cirrhosis-related cytopaenias has not been studied. We aimed to study the bone marrow (BM) dyspoiesis and its impact on peripheral blood cell counts and refractory anaemia in patients with cirrhosis.Patients and methodsWe reviewed all the BM aspirates and biopsies of cirrhotic cases, done from 2011 to 2018 for clinical indications. Dyspoiesis was considered if >5% of the precursor cells of any of the three lineages showed dyspoietic changes. Primary haematological or non-haematological malignancies, chronic kidney disease, drug intake, acute and chronic hepatitis and granulomatous disease were excluded.ResultsOf 608 these, 82 cases (13.5%) showed dyspoiesis in the BM precursors. There was no difference in age (p=0.16), gender (p=0.58) and spleen size (p=0.35) in cases with or without dyspoiesis. Majority of the cases had dyspoiesis in erythroid series (62, 75.6%) and megakaryocytes (15, 18.2%). Dyspoiesis was more prominent in alcoholics 44 cases (53.6%) and autoimmune diseases 13 cases (15.8%). Erythroid hyperplasia (47.7±14.4 vs 40±11.1; p<0.001) was more in cases with dyserythropoiesis, indicating ineffective erythropoiesis. Patients with dyspoiesis had lower haemoglobin (7.5±1.9 vs 9.3±2.2 g/dL, p<0.001). 54 (8.07%) had refractory anaemia with dyspoiesis present in 48 (88.8%) (p<0.01). Dyspoiesis was independently associated with refractory anaemia when adjusted for age, gender, aetiology and liver disease severity.ConclusionsBM dyspoiesis, especially dyserythropoiesis, is associated with severe refractory anaemia in patients with cirrhosis and requires new therapeutic approaches.
Atrial fibrillation detection with a portable device during cardiovascular screening in primary care
Authors: Diamantino Adriana C , Nascimento Bruno R , Beaton Andrea Z , Nunes Maria Carmo P , Oliveira Kaciane K B , Rabelo Lara C , Barbosa Marcia M , Tompsett Alison R , Olivieri Laura , Mata Mariana D , Costa Waydder Antônio A , Pereira Augusto F , Diamantino Luciana C , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz P , Sable Craig , Brant Luisa C C 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionA novel handheld dual-electrode stick is a portable atrial fibrillation (AF) screening device (AFSD). We evaluated AFSD performance in primary care patients referred for echocardiogram (echo).MethodsThe AFSD has a light indication of irregular rhythm and single-lead ECG recording. Patients were instructed to hold the device for 1 min, and AF indication was recorded. A 12-lead ECG was performed for all AFSD-positive patients and 250 patients with negative AFSD screen. Echos were performed based on a clinical risk score: all high-risk patients and a sampling of low-risk patients underwent complete echo. Intermediate risk patients first had a screening echocardiogram, with a follow-up complete study if abnormality was suspected.ResultsIn 5 days, 1518 patients underwent clinical evaluation and cardiovascular risk stratification: mean age 58±16 years, 66% women. The AFSD was positive in 6.4%: 12.6% high risk, 6.1% intermediate risk and 2.2% low risk. Older age was a risk factor (9.3% vs 4.8% in those more than and less than 65 years, p=0.001). AFSD positive was independently associated with heart disease in echo (OR=3.9, 95% CI 2.1 to 7.2, p<0.001). Compared with 12-lead ECG, the AFSD had sensitivity of 90.2% (95% CI 77.0% to 97.3%) and specificity of 84.0% (95% CI 79.3% to 88.0%) for AF detection.ConclusionAFSD demonstrated high sensitivity for AF detection in primary care patients referred for echo. AF prevalence was substantial and independently associated with structural or functional heart disease, suggesting that AFSD screening could be a useful primary care tool to stratify risk and prioritise echo.
Plight of the distracted pedestrian: a research synthesis and meta-analysis of mobile phone use on crossing behaviour
Authors: Simmons Sarah M , Caird Jeff K , Ta Alicia , Sterzer Franci , Hagel Brent E 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundPedestrians are commonly involved in vehicle collisions that result in injuries and fatalities. Pedestrian distraction has become an emerging safety issue as more pedestrians use their mobile phones while walking and crossing the street.ObjectivesThe purpose of this research synthesis and meta-analysis is to determine the extent to which cell phone conversation, text messaging or browsing, and listening to music affect a number of common pedestrian behavioural measures.MethodsA keyword search was developed with a subject librarian that used MeSH terms from selected databases including PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Medline and TRID. Supplemental searches were also conducted with Google Scholar and Mendeley.Effect size codingThirty-three studies met inclusion criteria and were subjected to data extraction. Statistical information (ie,M, SD, SE, 95% CI, OR, F, t) was extracted to generate standardised mean difference effect sizes (ie, Cohen’s d) andreffect sizes.ResultsFourteen experimental studies were ultimately included in an N-weighted meta-analysis (k=81 effect sizes), and eight observational studies were included in a qualitative overview. Both mobile phone conversation and text messaging increased rates of hits and close calls. Texting decreased rates of looking left and right prior to and/or during street crossing. As might be expected, text messaging was generally found to have the most detrimental effect on multiple behavioural measures.LimitationsA variety of study quality issues limit the interpretation and generalisation of the results, which are described, as are future study measurement and methods improvements.
Studies of gluon TMDs and their evolution using quarkonium-pair production at the LHC
Authors: Scarpa Florent , Boer Daniël , Echevarria Miguel G. , Lansberg Jean-Philippe , Pisano Cristian , Schlegel Marc 
Published: February 2020

Abstract$$J/\psi $$J/ψ- or$$\Upsilon $$Υ-pair production at the LHC are promising processes to study the gluon transverse momentum distributions (TMDs) which remain very poorly known. In this article, we improve on previous results by including the TMD evolution in the computation of the observables such as the pair-transverse-momentum spectrum and asymmetries arising from the linear polarization of gluons inside unpolarized protons. We show that the azimuthal asymmetries generated by the gluon polarization are reduced compared to the tree level case but are still of measurable size (in the 5–10% range). Such asymmetries should be measurable in the available data sets of$$J/\psi $$J/ψpairs and in the future data sets of the high-luminosity LHC for$$\Upsilon $$Υpairs.
Pure electromagnetic-gravitational interaction in Hořava–Lifshitz theory at the kinetic conformal point
Authors: Restuccia Alvaro , Tello-Ortiz Francisco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe introduce the electromagnetic-gravitational coupling in the Hořava–Lifshitz framework, in $$3+1$$3+1 dimensions, by considering the Hořava–Lifshitz gravity theory in $$4+1$$4+1 dimensions at the kinetic conformal point and then performing a Kaluza–Klein reduction to $$3+1$$3+1 dimensions. The action of the theory is second order in time derivatives and the potential contains only higher order spacelike derivatives up to $$z=4$$z=4, z being the critical exponent. These terms include also higher order derivative terms of the electromagnetic field. The propagating degrees of freedom of the theory are exactly the same as in the Einstein–Maxwell theory. We obtain the Hamiltonian, the field equations and show consistency of the constraint system. The conformal kinetic point is protected from quantum corrections by a second class constraint. At low energies the theory depends on two coupling constants, $$\beta $$β and $$\alpha $$α. We show that the anisotropic field equations for the gauge vector is a deviation of the covariant Maxwell equations by a term depending on $$\beta -1$$β-1. Consequently, for $$\beta =1$$β=1, Maxwell equations arise from the anisotropic theory at low energies. We also prove that the anisotropic electromagnetic-gravitational theory at the IR point $$\beta =1$$β=1, $$\alpha =0$$α=0, is exactly the Einstein–Maxwell theory in a gravitational gauge used in the ADM formulation of General Relativity.
Analysis of the Pc(4312), Pc(4440), Pc(4457) and related hidden-charm pentaquark states with QCD sum rules
Authors: wang Zhi-Gang 
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we restudy the ground state mass spectrum of the diquark–diquark–antiquark-type [Formula: see text] pentaquark states with the QCD sum rules by carrying out the operator product expansion up to the vacuum condensates of dimension 13 in a consistent way. The predicted masses support assigning the [Formula: see text] to be the hidden-charm pentaquark state with [Formula: see text], assigning the [Formula: see text] to be the hidden-charm pentaquark state with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text], assigning the [Formula: see text] to be the hidden-charm pentaquark state with [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text].
Predicting the SUSY breaking scale in SUGRA models with degenerate vacua
Authors: Froggatt C. D. , Nevzorov R. , Nielsen H. B. , Thomas A. W. 
Published: February 2020

In [Formula: see text] supergravity, the scalar potential may have supersymmetric (SUSY) and nonsupersymmetric Minkowski vacua (associated with supersymmetric and physical phases) with vanishing energy density. In the supersymmetric Minkowski (second) phase, some breakdown of SUSY may be induced by nonperturbative effects in the observable sector that give rise to a tiny positive vacuum energy density. Postulating the exact degeneracy of the physical and second vacua as well as assuming that at high energies the couplings in both phases are almost identical, one can estimate the dark energy density in these vacua. It is mostly determined by the SUSY breaking scale [Formula: see text] in the physical phase. Exploring the two-loop renormalization group (RG) flow of couplings in these vacua, we find that the measured value of the cosmological constant can be reproduced if [Formula: see text] varies from 20 TeV to 400 TeV. We also argue that this prediction for the SUSY breaking scale is consistent with the upper bound on [Formula: see text] in the higgsino dark matter scenario.
Study of the porous media random structure model
Authors: Suo Shaoyi , Jiang Linsong , Wang Ping , Xie Maozhao 
Published: February 2020

The random structure model of porous media is constructed by the gravity packed method, which can give a random packed structure that is similar to the actual packed bed structure by simulating the free fall, collision and stacking process of pellets via the OpenFOAM. Different from the existing ordered structure model of porous media, the structure model adopted in this paper has strong randomness since it simulates the actual generation process of the porous media material. Meanwhile, the following batch modeling instructions are completed with the MATLAB, which can ensure that the random structure model of porous media has the advantages of high similarity with the actual porous structure and rapid modeling.