bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON DENGUE AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG RURAL HIGH SCHOOL CHILDREN, KARNATAKA, INDIA
Authors: R. Sandeep K. , Shettigar Divya , Jayappa Suma 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Introduction: Over the past 10-15 years, next to diarrheal disease and respiratory infection, dengue fever has become a leading cause of hospitalization and deaths among childrens. Today, dengue fever is considered one of the most important arthropod-borne viral diseases in humans in terms of morbidity and mortality. So researcher felt that is is vital that school childrens should possess knowledge on some vector born diseases especially dengue fever and its prevention.
Method: In this study cross sectional descriptive survey was used. High school children were selected through probability simple random sampling. The data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The Planned-teaching programme was administered at the end of the pre-test. The post-test was carried out after 7 days, using the same tool as the pre-test. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16 and the results expressed as proportions
Results: A total of 60 high school children were included in the study. Analysis of data revealed pre test knowledge score was 28.25%. Considering the level of knowledge of high school students, a planned teaching programme was administered. The post test knowledge score was 70.83%. Hence comparison in pre-test knowledge score and post-test percentage of dengue and its prevention was approximately 42.58%. A significant association between age and post test knowledge was found
Conclusion: A significant number of high school children had poor knowledge.So researcher felt that awareness programmes regarding dengue fever and its prevention. should be emphasized.
STRESSED BREAST CANCER PATIENT - A CASE REPORT
Authors: W. Sampoornam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Breast cancer can cause stress and the patients may need nurse's support for the ventilation of feelings and thoughts. A female patient aged 45 years newly diagnosed with breast cancer was stressed. Patient was made to ventilate feelings through face to face confrontation and observed for one month duration. The patient showed reduction in the stress level.
AN UNANTICIPATED CAUSE OF INTRAMUSCULAR MASS – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Rai Rekha , Karnaker Vimal Kumar , Naik Janardhan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Dirofilaria are natural parasites of various species of carnivores. Man is an accidental dead end host. Human Dirofilariasis has been reported in certain parts of Southern India and is considered as an emerging zoonotic infection. A nematode extracted from an intramuscular swelling of the right forearm was identified as Dirofilaria immitis based on the morphological and microscopic characters.The sole purpose of this article was to review the clinical course and management of an intramuscular mass.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING MANAGEMENT OF MINOR AILMENTS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Lukose Ashly , E. Binu Margaret , Nayak Bharathi R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Background: Suffering from minor ailments is the most frequent episode in childhood experiences. A productive and energetic population cannot grow from unhealthy children who are chronically affected by repeated minor ailments.
Method: An evaluative study using one group pretest posttest design was conducted among 30 school children of 9th class in a selected school of Udupi taluk, Karnataka to assess the knowledge of school children regarding the management of minor ailments and to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding management of minor ailments.
Results: Majority of children 17 (56 .7 %) had average knowledge in the pretest and only 4(13.3%) children had poor knowledge. There was a significant difference between the mean pretest and posttest knowledge scores on management of minor ailments among school children which indicated that the structured teaching programme on management of minor ailments was found to be effective(t= 9.702, P<0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the teaching programme was effective in bringing the desired changes in the knowledge of the school children.
AWARENESS ABOUT DIABETES AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF MANGALORE, SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Holla Rohith , Prabhu Sachin , Shetty Sanjana , Deshpande Shreya , K. Shwetha Balla , Hegde Snigdha , S. Soujanya B. , Raj Harsha , Kundapur Rashmi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:
Introduction: India continues to be the diabetic capital of the world. According to the WHO report, India today heads the world with 32 million patients and this number is projected to increase to 79.4 million by the year 2030. Diabetes has become a great economic challenge as it drains between 5-25% of family income of an average Indian.
Aims & Objectives: To study the awareness of diabetes among the adolescents.
Materials and Method: Community based cross-sectional study. We collected data from 600 adolescents of age group 16-18years. A questionnaire consisting of questions that were based on the knowledge, awareness and practices regarding the risk factors of Diabetes were prepared. Students from 4 pre-university colleges in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada district, were selected as the study group
Results: 88.5% were aware of diabetes. According to 48.33% consumption of sweets only was a risk factor. 5.5% were aware that diabetes runs in families . 78.33 % were aware that diabetes can affect any age group and 73% knew about the increasing rate of diabetes in India. 72.16 % were sure that diabetes can be prevented and 25.5% said it was possible to completely cure .46% were under a misconception that a vaccine is present for diabetes and only 57.83%were aware of that diabetes can cause complications.
Thromboprophylaxis during the Pregnancy-Puerperal Cycle - Literature Review
Authors: Sanches Suzanna Maria Viana , Cerqueira Monique Magnavita Borba da Fonseca , Junqueira Patrícia Lima , Gomez Miriam Takayanagi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective To identify current strategies and recommendations for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis associated with the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, a condition of high morbidity and mortality among women.
Methods The literature search was performed between May and October 2019, using the PubMed database, including papers published in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The terms thromboembolism (Mesh) AND pregnancy (Mesh) OR postpartum (Mesh) were used as descriptors, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and guidelines published from 2009 to 2019, presenting strategies for prevention of thromboembolism during pregnancy and the postpartum.
Results Eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Many studies evaluated were excluded because they did not address prevention strategies. We compiled the recommendations from the American Society of Hematologists, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the American College of Chest Physicians and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
Conclusion: There are some gaps in the research, and clinical studies with appropriate methodology are needed to support decisions made regarding the risk of thromboembolism in the perigestational period. Thus, the attention of the professionals involved in the care of pregnant and postpartum women is crucial, as it is a condition associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Management of Chiari I deformity in Children and Adolescents: A report from the Consensus Taskforce of the Brazilian Society of Pediatric Neurosurgery
Authors: Santos Marcelo Volpon , Furlanetti Luciano Lopes , Canheu Alexandre Casagrande , Bellas Antonio Rosa , da Silva Marcia Cristina , Cavalheiro Sergio , de Oliveira Ricardo Santos 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMuch controversy remains on the current management of Chiari I deformity (CID) in children, with many clinical, surgical and ethic-legal implications. The Brazilian Society of Pediatric Neurosurgery (SBNPed, in the Portuguese acronym) has put together a panel of experts to analyze updated published data on the medical literature about this matter and come up with several recommendations for pediatric neurosurgeons and allied health professionals when dealing with CID. Their conclusions are reported herein, along with the respective scientific background.
Hemifacial Spasm Associated with Chiari Type I Malformation: Surgical Considerations and Case Report
Authors: Lobão Carlos Augusto Ferreira , Sousa Ulysses de Oliveira , Cabral Diego Arthur Castro , Campos Fernanda Myllena Sousa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHemifacial spasm (HS) is a movement disorder characterized by paroxysmal and irregular contractions of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve. Chiari malformation type I (CM I) is a congenital disease characterized by caudal migration of the cerebellar tonsils, and surgical decompression of foramen magnum structures has been used for treatment. The association of HS with CM I is rare, and its pathophysiology and therapeutics are speculative. There are only a few cases reported in the literature concerning this association. The decompression of the posterior fossa for the treatment of CM I has been reported to relieve the symptoms of HS, suggesting a relation between these diseases. However, the possible complications of posterior fossa surgery cannot be underrated. We report the case of a 66-year-old patient, in ambulatory follow-up due to right HS, no longer responding to botulinum toxin treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull revealed compression of the facial nerve and CM I. The patient underwent surgery for HS by neurovascular microdecompression of the facial nerve via right lateral suboccipital craniectomy, but presented significant clinical worsening in the postoperative period even though the cerebellum edema related to surgical manipulation was mild. Due to the clinical worsening, the patient underwent a median suboccipital craniectomy with decompression of the foramen magnum structures. After this second surgery, the patient had progressive improvement and was discharged from the hospital for ambulatory care.
Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Parotid Gland Tumors: Analysis of 193 Cases
Authors: Dhanani Rahim , Iftikhar Haissan , Awan Muhammad Sohail , Zahid Nida , Momin Sehrish Nizar Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction Parotid gland tumors include a wide variety of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. The majority of these tumors are benign (80%), which usually require superficial parotidectomy, while the incidence of malignant tumors is lower (20%), requiring more radical surgery with or without neck dissection. The diagnosis cannot be established on the basis of clinical history and simple physical examination and requires complementary diagnostic methods. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) guided by ultrasound is a widely used diagnostic tool to evaluate parotid swellings.Objective To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in the diagnosis of parotid gland tumors.Methods A retrospective chart review of 193 patients who underwent preoperative FNAC and parotidectomy at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from the period of January 2000 to December 2015 was performed.Results Out of 193 patients undergoing parotidectomy, 110 (57%) were males and 83 (43%) were females, the mean age being 48.21 and 43.76 years old, respectively. The mean duration of the symptoms was 41.33 months, and the most common symptom was preauricular swelling present in all patients, followed by pain, which was present in 29 patients (15%) and facial nerve weakness in 6 patients (3.1%). Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed preoperatively and the results were compared with the final histopathology, which showed sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 97.9%, positive predictive value of 93%, negative predictive value of 96.7% and diagnostic accuracy of 95.8%.Conclusion Our results suggest that FNAC is relatively an accurate method for preoperative diagnosis of parotid swelling and can prove to be a valuable tool for preoperative counseling of the nature of the disease and prognosis.
Submental Artery Island Flap in Oral Cavity Reconstruction. An Observational, Retrospective Two-centre Study
Authors: Ramirez Adonis Tupac , Chiesa-Estomba Carlos Miguel , González-García José Ángel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction The submental flap provides an alternative technique in orofacial reconstruction, especially in situations in which free flaps are not available, or the patients are unfit.Objective To demonstrate the oncological safety and benefits of this flap in oral cavity reconstruction.Methods A total of 14 patients with oral cavity cancers, who underwent submental flap reconstruction from January 2016 to January 2018, were included in the study.Results There were 11 male and 3 female patients with a mean age of 66.7 ± 14 (Min: 52/Max: 91) years old. The most common primary tumor site was the mobile tongue in 12 (85.7%) patients. All of the patients underwent ipsilateral selective neck dissection after the flap was harvested. Flap partial necrosis was observed in one patient, and total necrosis in another one. The mean follow-up was of one year. Nonlocal or regional recurrences were observed.Conclusion Submental island flap represents a good option in oral cavity reconstruction in a restricted setting or in patients considered not fit for free flap reconstruction. Preoperative selection of clinically neck node-negative patients is essential due to the potential risk of occult metastasis.
The Maternal Impact, Health Burden, and Postpartum Sequela in Triplet Pregnancies: A Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Lambers Donna S. , Allen Jennifer , Gottula Jessica , Devaiah C. Ganga , Habli Mounira 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to describe the maternal health burden and perinatal outcomes in triplet pregnancies, and identify the maternal and pregnancy indicators associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of triplet pregnancies from 2007 to 2014. Maternal data were manually collected and assessed until 6 weeks postpartum, and neonatal data were assessed until hospital discharge or death.
Results Eighty-two triplet pregnancies were identified with 246 babies born. Mean gestational age at delivery was 32.3 (standard deviation [SD] ± 3.6) weeks and average birth weight was 1,726 g (SD ± 500). There were 12 perinatal deaths and 25 (10.2%) infants diagnosed with a congenital anomaly. Prior preterm birth and nulliparity had a negative impact on gestational age at delivery (p = 0.016) as compared with prior full-term births. Pregnancy complications (preeclampsia or hypertensive disorders [46.3%], gestational diabetes [28%], postpartum hemorrhage [9.8%], and blood transfusions [8.5%]) also impacted gestational age at delivery (33.0 vs. 34.0 weeks, p = 0.031). Spontaneous conception, chorionicity, and maternal medical problems did not have an impact on median gestational age.
Conclusion Nulliparity and presence of pregnancy complications are pertinent to triplet outcomes. This study provides valuable information for anticipatory guidance and preconception counseling to patients considering artificial reproductive technology.
Congenital Complete Atrioventricular Heart Block in a Pregnant Woman with Sjögren Syndrome: Prenatal Care Follow-Up and the Challenge of Intrauterine Treatment
Authors: Carrilho Milene Carvalho , Bravo-Valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe present report describes a case of complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) diagnosed at 25 weeks of gestation in a pregnant woman with Sjögren's syndrome and positive anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. Fluorinated steroids (dexamethasone and betamethasone) and terbuline were used to increase the fetal heart rate, but the fetal heart block was not reversible, and the administration of drugs was discontinued due to maternal collateral effects. Follow-up fetal echocardiograms were performed, and the fetus evolved with pericardial effusion, presence of fibroelastosis in the right ventricle, and ventricular dysfunction. Interruption of pregnancy by cesarean section was indicated at 34 weeks of gestation, and a cardiac pacemaker was implanted in the male newborn immediately after birth. Therapy for fetuses with CAVB is controversial mainly regarding the use or not of corticosteroids; however, monitoring of the atrioventricular interval by fetal echocardiography should be performed in fetuses from pregnant women with positive autoantibodies anti-Ro/SSA and/or anti-La/SSB to prevent the progression to CAVB.
Microsurgical and Endoscopic Anatomy of the Cavernous Sinus
Authors: Isolan Gustavo Rassier , Braga Francisco Luiz Souza , Campero Alvaro , Landeiro José Alberto , de Araújo Ricardo Marques Lopes , Adjer Pablo , Sakaya Gabriel Reis , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Brito Josué da Silva , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective To describe the endoscopic and microsurgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus (CS) with focus on the surgical landmarks in microsurgical anatomy.
Materials and methods Ten formalin-fixed central skull base specimens (20 CSs) with silicone-injected carotid arteries were examined through an extended endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Fifteen formalin-fixed heads were dissected to simulate the surgical position in CS approaches.
Results Endoscopic access enables identification of the anterior and posterior surgical corridors. Structures within the CS and on its lateral wall could be visualized and studied, but none of the triangular areas relevant to the transcranial microsurgical anatomy were fully visible through the endoscopic approach.
Conclusion The endoscopic approach to the CS is an important surgical technique for the treatment of pathological conditions that affect this region. Correlating endoscopic findings with the conventional (transcranial) microsurgical anatomy is a useful way of applying the established knowledge into a more recent operative technique. Endoscope can provide access to the CS and to the structures it harbors.
Impact of Helium-Oxygen Administered via High Velocity Nasal Insufflation on Delivery of Inhaled Nitric Oxide
Authors: Hertzog James H. , Burr Katlyn L. , Stump Angela , Brown Joel M. , Penfil Scott , McMahon Kimberly 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInhaled nitric oxide (iNO) may be continued during the transition from invasive to noninvasive respiratory support. Upper airway obstruction from laryngeal edema following extubation and lower airway obstruction from asthma and bronchiolitis may be managed with inhaled helium. The coadministration of helium with iNO and the impact on delivered amounts of iNO have not been extensively studied. A bench model simulating a spontaneously breathing infant received iNO at varying preset doses delivered with either helium-oxygen or nitrogen-oxygen via a Vapotherm unit. iNO levels were measured at the simulated trachea. Results from the two conditions were compared using t-tests. When nitrogen-oxygen was used, there was no difference between preset and measured iNO levels. A significant difference was present when helium-oxygen was used, with a 10-fold increase in measured iNO levels compared with preset values. The use of helium resulted in a significant increase in measured iNO at the level of the simulated trachea. Clinicians must be aware that iNO will not be delivered at prescribed doses when used with helium under the conditions used in this study.
Threshold resonances and virtual levels in the spectrum of cylindrical and periodic waveguides
Authors: Nazarov S. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We describe and classify the thresholds of the continuous spectrum and the resulting resonances for general formally self-adjoint elliptic systems of second-order differential equations with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in domains with cylindrical and periodic outlets to infinity (in waveguides). These resonances arise because there are “almost standing” waves, that is, non-trivial solutions of the homogeneous problem which do not transmit energy. We consider quantum, acoustic, and elastic waveguides as examples. Our main focus is on degenerate thresholds which are characterized by the presence of standing waves with polynomial growth at infinity and produce effects lacking for ordinary thresholds. In particular, we describe the effect of lifting an eigenvalue from the degenerate zero threshold of the spectrum. This effect occurs for elastic waveguides of a vector nature and is absent from the scalar problems for cylindrical acoustic and quantum waveguides. Using the technique of self-adjoint extensions of differential operators in weighted spaces, we interpret the almost standing waves as eigenvectors of certain operators and the threshold as the corresponding eigenvalue. Here the threshold eigenvalues and the corresponding vector-valued functions not decaying at infinity can be obtained by approaching the threshold (the virtual level) either from below or from above. Hence their properties differ essentially from the customary ones. We state some open problems.
Bogolyubov’s theorem for a controlled system related to a variational inequality
Authors: Tolstonogov A. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We consider the problem of minimizing an integral functional on the solutions of a controlled system described by a non-linear differential equation in a separable Banach space and a variational inequality. The variational inequality determines a hysteresis operator whose input is a trajectory of the controlled system and whose output occurs in the right-hand side of the differential equation, in the constraint on the control, and in the functional to be minimized. The constraint on the control is a multivalued map with closed non-convex values and the integrand is a non-convex function of the control. Along with the original problem, we consider the problem of minimizing the integral functional with integrand convexified with respect to the control, on the solutions of the controlled system with convexified constraints on the control (the relaxed problem).
By a solution of the controlled system we mean a triple: the output of the hysteresis operator, the trajectory, and the control. We establish a relation between the minimization problem and the relaxed problem. This relation is an analogue of Bogolyubov’s classical theorem in the calculus of variations. We also study the relation between the solutions of the original controlled system and those of the system with convexified constraints on the control. This relation is usually referred to as relaxation. For a finite-dimensional space we prove the existence of an optimal solution in the relaxed optimization problem.
Geometric estimates of solutions of quasilinear elliptic inequalities
Authors: Kon’kov A. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Suppose that

and

are real numbers with

. Let

be a non-empty open subset of

,

. We consider the inequality

where

is the gradient operator,

and

are certain functions and

for almost all

and all

. We obtain estimates for solutions of this inequality using the geometry of

. In particular, these estimates yield regularity conditions for boundary points.
In search of infinite-dimensional Kähler geometry
Authors: Sergeev A. G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper is devoted to a survey of recent results in the Kähler geometry of infinite-dimensional Kähler manifolds. Three particular classes of such manifolds are investigated: the loop spaces of compact Lie groups, Hilbert–Schmidt Grassmannians, and the universal Teichmüller space. These investigations have been prompted both by requirements in Kähler geometry itself and by connections with string theory, which are considered in the last section.
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