bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective cohort study of home blood pressure monitoring based on an intelligent cloud platform (the HBPM-iCloud study): rationale and design
Authors: Zhu Hailan , Liang Xiaoyan , Pan Xiong-Fei , Huang Chunyi , Kuang Jian , Lv Weibiao , Zeng Qingchun , Mai Weiyi , Huang Yuli 
Published: June 2020

Background: Hypertension, as a predominant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is a severe public health burden in China. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is an important tool in the detection and management of hypertension. However, there is a lack of HBPM data from prospective cohorts in China. Hence, we designed this study to investigate the impact of HBPM on major health outcomes in Chinese population participating in regular health check-ups. Methods: Leveraging telemedicine technology, the open prospective, multicenter, HBPM-iCloud (Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on an Intelligent Cloud Platform) cohort study will recruit participants from three participating health check-up centers in southern China to participate in cloud-based HBPM for 1 week. The prevalence of sustained hypertension, white coat hypertension (WCH), masked hypertension (MH), white coat uncontrolled hypertension (WUCH), and masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) will be defined by a combination of average readings of home-based and office-based blood pressure (BP). Cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical target organ damage will be recorded. Participants will be followed-up for 5 years to examine the incidence and associated risk factors of composite major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event. Conclusion: The study will help to determine the best way to implement telemedicine technology in BP control for better prevention and treatment of hypertension. Results will provide data for a Chinese population to aid in the construction of screening, risk stratification, and intervention strategies for abnormal BP phenotypes, including WCH, MH, WUCH, and MUCH.
Intranasal proliferative fibro-osseous dysplasia in a domestic longhair cat
Authors: D’Aout Clarisse , Renfrew Helen , Dobromylskyj Melanie , Bacon Nicholas , Herrmann Annika , Taylor Samantha S 
Published: June 2020

Case summary A 13-year-old female domestic longhair cat was presented for further investigation of chronic sneezing combined with a right-sided nasal discharge. A CT scan of the head revealed a locally invasive, aggressive right nasal mass radiographically consistent with a malignant neoplastic process. Histopathology on rhinoscopically guided biopsies revealed an unusual pathology consistent with fibro-osseous hyperplasia/dysplasia. Surgical treatment via a ventral rhinotomy and curettage was performed, and the diagnosis confirmed by repeat histopathology. The cat’s clinical signs significantly improved postoperatively. Relevance and novel information This case report describes an unusual feline nasal pathology. To our knowledge, there are no previous reports of a non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory expansile feline nasal tumour. Also described are the CT and histological appearance of the mass, and the difficulties encountered obtaining the definitive diagnosis. Information regarding the prognosis following surgical removal of proliferative fibro-osseous lesions in cats is poor, especially from the nasal cavity where clean margins may well be impossible to obtain. In this case, surgical resection improved clinical signs and the cat remains well at 15 months post-procedure.
Upper limb entrapment neuropathies in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Yin Han , Nair Krishnan PS , Rao Dasappaiah G , Hariharan Sankaranarayanan , Spencer Amy , Baster Kathleen 
Published: June 2020

Introduction Entrapment neuropathies of upper limbs such as carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel syndromes are common in the general population. Identification of entrapment neuropathies of upper limbs in patients with multiple sclerosis can be clinically challenging as signs and symptoms could be attributed to multiple sclerosis. People at later stages of multiple sclerosis use mobility aids and wheelchairs. Weakness of hands in this cohort due to entrapment neuropathies could adversely affect their mobility and independence. Methods This was a retrospective review of records of patients with multiple sclerosis referred for clinical neurophysiological studies with clinical suspicion of upper limb entrapment neuropathies over a 10-year period. We collected demographic details, clinical features, clinical neurophysiological data and details of aids and appliances used for mobility. Results Among 71 patients, 38 (53.5%) patients had at least one entrapment neuropathy of upper limb confirmed by clinical neurophysiological studies. Twelve (31%) patients had median nerve entrapment, 20 (53%) had ulnar nerve entrapment and six (16%) had both. Risk of ulnar nerve entrapment was significantly higher in patients using a powered wheelchair (odds ratio 5.7, 95% confidence interval (1.7–18.7, p = 0.0037). Discussion Entrapment neuropathies should be considered in patients with multiple sclerosis reporting sensory and motor symptoms of hands.
Geriatric Femoral Neck Fractures: Hemiarthroplasty Implant Trends Across a Health System From 2006 to 2018
Authors: Kibble Kendra , Peck Sarah C. , Parikh Harsh R. , Flagstad Ilexa , Gorman Tiffany , Okelana A. Bandele , Cunningham Brian P. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Hemiarthroplasty is increasingly used for the treatment of geriatric femoral neck fractures in an effort to optimize value-based care. The current American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) guidelines released in 2014 for the treatment of geriatric hip fractures recommend the utilization of monopolar cemented constructs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate hip hemiarthroplasty implant cost variability and implant selection trends from 2006 to 2018. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 940 geriatric hip fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty was conducted across 3 institutions from 2006 to 2018. Variables examined were construct type, surgeon, operative time, patient mortality, and implant cost. Statistical analysis consisted of multigroup comparative tests and multiple linear regression analyses to evaluate correlative measures. Results: The study population was 85.0 ± 7.9 years of age with a body mass index of 24.0 ± 5.5. A total of 33 (3.5%) patients were deceased at the 90-day postoperative mark and 45 (4.8%) patients at the 1-year mark. There was no statistical difference in terms of mortality between the 4 implant cohorts at the 90-day mark ( P = .56) and 1-year mark ( P = .24). The bipolar press-fit construct was the most expensive, US$3900.61 ± US$2607.54, and the monopolar cemented construct was the least expensive, US$2618.68 ± US$1834.16. The mean operative time was 6 minutes greater for press-fit implants, 93.6 ± 32.0, than cemented implants, 87.1 ± 33.6 ( P = .02). The use of monopolar cemented implants increased from 12.1% to 83.3%, while bipolar press-fit decreased from 57.6% to 4.6% from 2013 to 2018. Discussion: The use of a bipolar and/or press-fit implant significantly increases construct cost despite little evidence in the literature of improved outcomes. Contrary to previous research, cemented implants do not increase the operative time. Conclusions: Encouragingly, selection of the most cost-conscience implant, monopolar cemented, has been increasing since 2014, which may reflect the influence of current AAOS guidelines. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level III.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pectoralis Major Injuries in an Active Duty Military Cohort: Mechanism Affects Tear Location
Authors: Synovec John , Shaw K. Aaron , Hattaway Joshua , Wilson Aimee M. , Chabak Mickey , Parada Stephen A. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Pectoralis major (PM) tendon tears are common injuries in athletic patient populations, where operative repair is largely recommended for maximum functional recovery. The repair varies in difficulty and technique based on the location of the tear within the muscle-tendon unit. Magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) has been reported to be sensitive and specific for identifying the tear location, but the effect of injury mechanism on tear pattern has not been previously investigated. Purpose: To examine PM tears in a military patient population and assess the effect of injury mechanism (weightlifting vs high-energy trauma) on the tear pattern and accuracy of MRI interpretation. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Active duty military servicemembers undergoing operative repair of PM tendon tears with corresponding preoperative MRIs from 2 medical centers were identified. Two musculoskeletal fellowship–trained radiologists reviewed imaging studies, reporting the location of the tear within the muscle-tendon unit and the severity of the tear (sternal head vs clavicular head vs both). Radiographic findings were compared against intraoperative findings. Mechanism of injury and timing from injury to imaging and surgery were assessed to determine whether they affected the accuracy of MRI interpretations. Results: A total of 72 patients were included (mean ± SD age, 33.7 ± 7.0 years; 100% male). Mechanisms of injury consisted of 46 weightlifting injuries and 26 high-energy injuries. Interrater reliability was poor for tear location (kappa, 0.162; P = .003) but substantial for extent of tear (kappa, 0.637; P < .0001). MRI had a 51.3% sensitivity and 63.6% specificity for identifying complete tears. MRI had a sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 72.2% for avulsion injuries and sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 79.3% for musculotendinous injuries. Mechanism of injury had no effect on extent of the tear but did affect the location of the tear, with a higher rate of avulsion injuries in the high-energy mechanism cohort (81% vs 40%; P = .02). Conclusion: The mechanism of injury was found to significantly affect the location of tendon tears. A higher rate of avulsion injuries was found in high-energy injuries than weightlifting injuries. MRI appeared to be less sensitive and specific than previous reports for traumatic PM tendon injuries.
Accuracy of dynamic contour tonometry, Goldmann applanation tonometry, and Tono-Pen XL in edematous corneas
Authors: Kontadakis George A. , Pennos Alexandros , Pentari Iro , Kymionis George D. , Pallikaris Ioannis G. , Ginis Harilaos 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: To investigate in vitro the accuracy of dynamic contour tonometry, Goldmann applanation tonometry, and Tono-Pen XL in edematous corneas. Methods: Experimental study included 20 freshly enucleated porcine eyes. Epithelium was debrided, and eyes were divided in four groups. Groups were immersed in 35%, 40%, 50%, and 60% glycerin solutions for 3 hours. Subsequently, globes were mounted in a special holder, and their intraocular pressure was hydrostatically adjusted. Intraocular pressure was measured by means of dynamic contour tonometry, Goldmann applanation tonometry, and Tono-Pen XL while adjusting true intraocular pressure to 17, 33, and 50 mm Hg. Ultrasound pachymetry was performed. Results: Mean corneal thickness was 914.5 ± 33.3 μm (730–1015 μm). In true intraocular pressure of 33 mm Hg, Goldmann applanation tonometry and dynamic contour tonometry significantly underestimated true intraocular pressure (mean Goldmann applanation tonometry: 14.7 ± 4.8 mm Hg, p < 0.001, mean dynamic contour tonometry: 21.6 ± 6.8, p < 0.001). Tono-Pen XL also underestimated, but difference was not statistically significant (Tono-Pen XL: 27.9 ± 9.7, p = 0.064). In true intraocular pressure of 50 mm Hg, all three methods significantly underestimated (Goldmann applanation tonometry: 17.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg, p < 0.001, dynamic contour tonometry: 26.8 ± 6.3 mm Hg, p < 0.001, Tono-Pen XL: 35.6 ± 8.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001). The error in measured intraocular pressure for each method (true minus measured intraocular pressure) was significantly correlated to true intraocular pressure ( p < 0.001). The intraocular pressure measurements of each eye taken under true intraocular pressure of 17 and 33 mm Hg with the three methods were correlated to each other. Measurements taken under intraocular pressure of 50 mmHg were not correlated to each other. Corneal thickness was not correlated to intraocular pressure measurement. Conclusion: Goldmann applanation tonometry, dynamic contour tonometry, and Tono-Pen XL underestimate intraocular pressure when measured under edematous conditions. Tono-Pen XL showed better accuracy, especially in lower true intraocular pressure. The measurement error increases when true intraocular pressure increases in all three methods.
How I treat relapsed or refractory AML
Authors: DeWolf Susan , Tallman Martin S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has presented challenges for hematologists for decades. Despite numerous clinical studies, outcomes are consistently disappointing with 5-year overall survival rates of ∼10%. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation at the time of second complete remission remains the only reliable option with curative potential. However, recent approval of several new agents has transformed treatment paradigms that had been in place for almost half a century in AML. This new therapeutic landscape provides the opportunity to revisit the approach to relapsed or refractory AML. Through illustrative cases, we describe our approach, which increasingly relies on specific disease biology. We focus on treatment outside of the context of clinical trials because such trials are not available in most parts of the world. Primarily, we consider age, fitness to tolerate intensive chemotherapy, remission duration, and presence of a targetable mutation to guide treatment. The coming years will inevitably bring new targets and agents that may prove most effective when combined with each other and/or chemotherapy. Future studies are needed to determine how best to implement this evolving armamentarium of treatment options, to elucidate mechanisms of resistance, and to continue the pursuit of novel drug discovery.
Progressive vasoconstriction with sequential thermal stimulation indicates vascular dysautonomia in sickle cell disease
Authors: Veluswamy Saranya , Shah Payal , Khaleel Maha , Thuptimdang Wanwara , Chalacheva Patjanaporn , Sunwoo John , Denton Christopher C. , Kato Roberta , Detterich Jon , Wood John C. , Sposto Richard , Khoo Michael C. K. , Zeltzer Lonnie , Coates Thomas D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPersons with sickle cell disease (SCD) exhibit subjective hypersensitivity to cold and heat perception in experimental settings, and triggers such as cold exposure are known to precipitate vaso-occlusive crises by still unclear mechanisms. Decreased microvascular blood flow (MBF) increases the likelihood of vaso-occlusion by increasing entrapment of sickled red blood cells in the microvasculature. Because those with SCD have dysautonomia, we anticipated that thermal exposure would induce autonomic hypersensitivity of their microvasculature with an increased propensity toward vasoconstriction. We exposed 17 patients with SCD and 16 control participants to a sequence of predetermined threshold temperatures for cold and heat detection and cold and heat pain via a thermode placed on the right hand. MBF was measured on the contralateral hand by photoplethysmography, and cardiac autonomic balance was assessed by determining heart rate variability. Thermal stimuli at both detection and pain thresholds caused a significant decrease in MBF in the contralateral hand within seconds of stimulus application, with patients with SCD showing significantly stronger vasoconstriction (P = .019). Furthermore, patients with SCD showed a greater progressive decrease in blood flow than did the controls, with poor recovery between episodes of thermal stimulation (P = .042). They had faster vasoconstriction than the controls (P = .033), especially with cold detection stimulus. Individuals with higher anxiety also experienced more rapid vasoconstriction (P = .007). Augmented vasoconstriction responses and progressive decreases in perfusion with repeated thermal stimulation in SCD are indicative of autonomic hypersensitivity in the microvasculature. These effects are likely to increase red cell entrapment in response to clinical triggers such as cold or stress, which have been associated with vaso-occlusive crises in SCD.
Influence of increased physical activity without body weight loss on hepatic inflammation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Asada Fuminari , Nomura Takuo , Hosui Atsushi , Kubota Masashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) that includes an accumulated exercise regimen that meets or exceeds a certain intensity reduces intrahepatic fat, leading to the improvement of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in afflicted patients. However, whether an increase in comprehensive PA, including activities of daily living, contributes to ameliorating the pathophysiology of NAFLD remains unclear. This study aimed to examine whether PA improves liver function in patients with NAFLD.

Methods
The study included 45 patients with NAFLD who underwent follow-up examinations at least 6 months—but no later than 1 year—after their baseline examinations. The patients were interviewed about their daily activities and exercise habits to determine whether they had engaged in at least 3 metabolic equivalents (METs) per day during the previous 6 months; the quantity of PA, expressed in Ekusasaizu (Ex) units, was calculated as METs multiplied by hours. Patients who had achieved at least a 1-Ex increase in PA per week compared to baseline at the time of their follow-up interview (the PA increase group) were compared to those whose PA was the same or lower at the time of follow-up (the PA non-increase group).

Results
There were no significant changes in all blood and biochemical parameters in the PA non-increase group at the time of follow-up when compared with baseline levels. In the PA increase group, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ-guanosine triphosphate levels were all significantly lower at follow-up than they were at baseline. Body weight did not change significantly from baseline to follow-up in both groups.

Conclusions
In the present study, hepatic inflammation improvement was accompanied by increased PA but not decreased body weight. Increasing PA may be effective for the improvement of hepatic inflammation even without body weight loss. Our results indicate the effectiveness of PA monitoring for the management of NAFLD.

Trial registration
UMIN-CTR, UMIN000038530
ABC1K10a, an atypical kinase, functions in plant salt stress tolerance
Authors: Qin Xiaohui , Duan Zhikun , Zheng Yuan , Liu Wen-Cheng , Guo Siyi , Botella José Ramón , Song Chun-Peng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
ABC1K (Activity of BC1 complex Kinase) is an evolutionarily primitive atypical kinase family widely distributed among prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The ABC1K protein kinases in Arabidopsis are predicted to localize either to the mitochondria or chloroplasts, in which plastid-located ABC1K proteins are involved in the response against photo-oxidative stress and cadmium-induced oxidative stress.

Results
Here, we report that the mitochondria-localized ABC1K10a functions in plant salt stress tolerance by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results show that the ABC1K10a expression is induced by salt stress, and the mutations in this gene result in overaccumulation of ROS and hypersensitivity to salt stress. Exogenous application of the ROS-scavenger GSH significantly represses ROS accumulation and rescues the salt hypersensitive phenotype of abc1k10a. ROS overaccumulation in abc1k10a mutants under salt stress is likely due to the defect in mitochondria electron transport chain. Furthermore, defects of several other mitochondria-localized ABC1K genes also result in salt hypersensitivity.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results reveal that the mitochondria-located ABC1K10a regulates mitochondrial ROS production and is a positive regulator of salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Decompressive hemicraniectomy for acute ischemic stroke in a patient implanted with a left ventricular assist device: a case report
Authors: Oulehri Walid , Cristinar Mircea , Ajob Gharib , Marguerite Sandrine , Heger Bob , Cebula Hélène , Kindo Michel , Mertes Paul Michel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Thromboembolic ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most feared complications of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement and represents a challenge to surgical management because of concomitant anticoagulant therapy.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old man presented with cardiogenic shock following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. After a period of stabilization, the patient was referred for LVAD placement. Upon recovery from anesthesia, he presented with acute neurological deficits suggestive of IS. A brain computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis, and an emergency decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) was performed. Anticoagulation was managed empirically. The patient’s neurological status progressively improved and he was referred for heart transplantation at five months from DHC. One month later, cranioplasty was performed.

Conclusions
This report suggests an anticoagulation management approach in combination with decompressive craniectomy after IS in a patient with LVAD placement was successful. An optimized anticoagulation management and collaborative team-based practice may contribute to successful outcomes in complex cases.
Who responds? An examination of response rates to a national postal survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults, 2018-2019
Authors: Wright Alyson , Thurber Katherine Ann , Yap Mandy , Du Wei , Banks Emily , Walker Jennie , Irwin Faye , Sanders Will , Lovett Raymond 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundEvidence on the effectiveness of postal recruitment methods for Indigenous peoples is lacking. Mayi Kuwayu, the National Study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing, uses multi-staged sampling. We aimed to test postal surveys as a primary recruitment method, analysing preliminary response rate data to inform the Study’s ongoing sampling approach.MethodsTwenty thousand adults aged ≥16 years were sampled from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people enrolled in the Medicare Australia Enrolment Database. We calculated response rates at 4 and 15 weeks, overall and by age group, gender, state/territory and remoteness.ResultsThe overall response rate was 2.3% (n = 456/20000). Highest response rates were observed among males and females ≥50 years from major cities (6.0, 95%CI 4.4–7.9 and 5.5%, 4.1–7.2, respectively) and regional areas (6.0%, 4.6–7.6 and 6.2%, 4.9–7.7, respectively). Younger age groups and remote areas had lower response rates; all remote age groups < 50 years had a response rate ≤ 0.6%. While most participants responded on the paper surveys, online responses were more common among younger age groups and, respondents with higher education levels and whose first language was not English.ConclusionUsing a postal survey, we observed response rates of ≥5.5% among older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults in major cities and regional areas; response rates were lower in other groups. A two-stage postal distribution approach provided an opportunity to adapt sampling approaches to different demographic groups. Based on initial response rates, the sampling strategy was revised to send postal surveys to groups with higher response rates groups and focus field recruitment strategies on low response groups.