bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN KEHARMONISAN PERKAWINAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENDIDIKAN SPIRITUAL ANAK
Authors: Herawati Netty , . Setyaningsih , Herlambang S.Mulyanto 
Published: February 2020

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran dukungan keluarga dan keharmonisan perkawinan orang tua dalam pendidikan spiritual anak. Metode pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan tiga skala yaitu skala dukungan keluarga, skala keharmonisan perkawinan orang tua dan skala pendidikan spiritual anak. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan quota sampling dengan 30 orang sampel. Teknik analisis data mengunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh dukungan keluarga dan keharmonisam perkawinan orang tua terhadap pendidikan spiritual anak, dengan F hitung sebesar 9,696 dan signifikansi 0,001 (< 0,05). Artinya semakin besar dukungan keluarga dan semakin harmonis perkawinan orang tua maka semakin baik pendidikan spiritual anak. Besarnya kontribusi atau sumbangan efektif menunjukkan nilai R square sebesar 0,418, yang artinya sumbangan efektif dukungan keluarga dan keharmonisan perkawinan orang tua terhadap pendidikan spiritual anak sebesar 41,8%. Sedangkan sisanya 58,2 % dijelaskan oleh faktor lain yang tidak diukur dalam penelitian ini.Â Â Kata kunci : pendidikan spiritual, keharmonisan perkawinan, dukungan keluarga
Serial Kasus Gangguan Psikologis Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Multidrug Resistant (MDR TB) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi
Authors: , Reviono , Nugroho I.G.B. Indro , Priyatama Aditya Nanda , Ratnawati Martha 
Published: February 2020

AbstrakEfek samping obat berupa gangguan psikologis sebenarnya jarang ditemukan pada tatalaksana penyakit infeksi, misalnya kasus tuberkulosis (TB). Saat ini banyak ditemukan kasus TB resisten ganda ganda (multidrug resistant tuberculosis/ MDR TB). Kasus MDR TB ini memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang dan ternyata banyak menimbulkan efek samping psikologis mulai dari yang ringan sampai yang berat. Â Pada serial kasus ini efek samping yang ditemukan berupa gangguan halusinasi, ansietas, depresi, perubahan perilaku dan ide bunuh diri. Â Efek samping psikologis mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan MDR TB.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran klinis gangguan psikologis yang berhubungan dengan kasus MDR TB.Pengumpulan kasus secara retrospektif pasienÂ pengobatan MDR TB dengan efek samping gangguan psikologis dari bulan Januari 2013 sampai Juni 2017 di RS dr. Moewardi. Data didapat dari rekam medis dan wawancara dalam bentuk kuesioner.Sembilan pasien dalam serial kasus ini terdiri dari 7 laki-laki dan 2 perempuan dengan keluhan terbanyak perubahan perilaku, bicara kacau, marah-marah, gangguan tidur. Keluhan lain depresi, ansietas, halusinasi dan keinginan bunuh diri. Efek samping gangguan psikologis timbul setelah pasien mendapatkan pengobatan sikloserin 2 minggu â€“ 7 bulan.Sebagian besar kasus gangguan psikologis akibat efek samping pengobatan MDR TB tidak memiliki riwayat gangguan psikologis sebelumnya. Dukungan sosial sangat diperlukan dalam mengatasi masalah psikis pasien MDR TB baik dari keluarga maupun teman dekat Gangguan psikologis pada pengobatan MDR TB mungkin dapat tertangani dengan manajemen multimodalitas yang baik.Kata kunci: Pengobatan MDR TB, efek samping psikologis, sikloserin.
Detection efficiency for underwater coaxial photon-counting lidar
Authors: Hua Kangjian , Liu Bo , Fang Liang , Wang Huachuang , Chen Zhen , Yu Yang 
Published: February 2020

Backscatter has significant influence on detection efficiency for underwater lidar, especially for coaxial photon-counting lidar using a Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode. In this paper, based on our underwater coaxial photon-counting lidar structure and volume scatter function, a detection model with consideration of backscatter and refraction indices is proposed. Using this detection model, analysis of the detection efficiency is conducted. It reveals that in an underwater environment, higher pulse energy or a closer target range is not necessarily helpful for a higher target detection probability, which is vastly different from our traditional concepts. For example, the detection probability for a 5 m target would be 0.76 using a 200 pJ pulse and 0.55 using a 1000 pJ pulse for our coaxial photon-counting lidar. Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to verify our model and analysis, and some practical methods for improving the target detection probability in an underwater environment are proposed.
Video microscopy-based accurate optical force measurement by exploring a frequency-changing sinusoidal stimulus
Authors: Xu Tan , Wu Shangquan , Jiang Zhaoxiang , Wu Xiaoping , Zhang Qingchuan 
Published: February 2020

Optical tweezers are constantly evolving micromanipulation tools that can provide piconewton force measurement accuracy and greatly promote the development of bioscience at the single-molecule scale. Consequently, there is an urgent need to characterize the force field generated by optical tweezers in an accurate, cost-effective, and rapid manner. Thus, in this study, we conducted a deep survey of optically trapped particle dynamics and found that merely quantifying the response amplitude and phase delay of particle displacement under a sine input stimulus can yield sufficiently accurate force measurements. In addition, Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem suggests that the entire recovery of the accessible particle sinusoidal response is possible, provided that the sampling theorem is satisfied, thereby eliminating the requirement for high-bandwidth (typically greater than 10 kHz) detectors. Based on this principle, we designed optical trapping experiments by loading a sinusoidal signal into the optical tweezers system and recording the trapped particle responses with 45 frames per second (fps) charge-coupled device (CCD) and 163 fps complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) cameras for video microscopy imaging. The experimental results demonstrate that the use of low-bandwidth detectors is suitable for highly accurate force quantification, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of constructing optical tweezers. The trap stiffness increases significantly as the frequency increases, and the experimental results demonstrate that the trapped particles shifting along the optical axis boost the transversal optical force.
The Inaugural IYCN General Assembly
Authors: Mourant Bailey , Ferrins Lori , Carenco Sophie , LaFranzo Natalie , Rawlins Catherine M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The International Younger Chemists Network (IYCN) began as a task force at the 2015 ACS National Meeting in Boston between a group of young chemists from the USA, Africa, Southeast Asia, and Europe. The ultimate goal was to create a unified international network for younger chemists to connect and share ideas. Successful efforts led to the official launch of IYCN as an associated organization of IUPAC at the 46th World Chemistry Congress (IUPAC2017) held in Brazil.
Im Mittelfeld der Europapolitik: Zivilgesellschaft, Lobbyismus und Partizipative Demokratie im Mehrebenensystem der EU
Authors: Hüttemann Bernd , Sandmann Elena 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beleuchtet den Zusammenhang zwischen politischer Einflussnahme von Interessengruppen im EU-Gesetzgebungsprozess und pluralistischer Demokratie im europäischen Mehrebenensystem. Dabei geht er kritisch der Frage nach, ob (zivil-) gesellschaftliche Interessenvertretung analytisch vom (Wirtschafts-)Lobbyismus unterschieden werden sollte. Zentrale These ist, dass Interessenvertretung nur im Kontext größerer Transparenz aller beteiligten gesellschaftlichen, wirtschaftlichen, staatlichen, gesetzgeberischen und mittelbaren Akteure zu mehr Demokratie und Legitimation im Mehrebenensystem der EU beitragen kann.
Cases of Secession Since 1900 and Their Governing Constitutional Frameworks Towards Secession — Empirical Paper Series on Secession and Constitutionalism, Part 2 of 2
Authors: Beauséjour Anthony 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Split into two articles, the Empirical Paper Series on Secession and Constitutionalism explores the relationship between constitutionalism and secession. The first paper of this series examined the relationship between, on the one hand, the constitutional prohibition and legalisation of secession – ie indivisibility and secession clauses – and, on the other hand, the prevalence of secessionist movements. This second article addresses the very heart of the doctrinal debate between the Indivisibilist and Secessionist schools, namely the relationship between a constitution’s framework towards secession and the actual occurrence of secession.
Between 1900 and 2018, 24 subnational units seceded from a total of 16 central states. Of these 24 cases of secession, 25 % occurred in central states where secession was prohibited, 13 % in states whose constitution was silent on the issue, and 63 % in states whose constitution contained a right to secession, which indicates a very strong statistical relationship between secession clauses and the actual occurrence of secession.
Yet, a closer look into the history of these provisions suggests that the causal relationship between secession clauses and secession itself – if any – goes in a direction opposite to what one would assume. Indeed, not a single one of the 13 secession clauses identified in this paper series ever gave rise to a pro-independence movement. In the vast majority of cases, it is actually the pre-existence of secessionist groups that forced the constitutionalising of a right to secession, either downstream, to pacify a violent secessionist conflict, or upstream, to accommodate a region that set the constitutionalising of such a right as a precondition of its joining a new country that would otherwise not have existed in the first place. Liechtenstein is the only recorded example of a state that constitutionalised a right to secede without being faced with pre-existing secessionist tensions, and none has arisen since secession became legal in Liechtenstein.
Grid Cyber-Physical System Risk Management Model Based on Cooperative Game Theory
Authors: Li Cunbin , Liu Ding , Wang Yi , Liang Chunyan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAdvanced grid technology represented by smart grid and energy internet is the core feature of the next-generation power grid. The next-generation power grid will be a large-scale cyber-physical system (CPS), which will have a higher level of risk management due to its flexibility in sensing and control. This paper explains the methods and results of a study on grid CPS’s behavior after risk. Firstly, a behavior model based on hybrid automata is built to simulate grid CPS’s risk decisions. Then, a GCPS risk transfer model based on cooperative game theory is built. The model allows decisions to ignore complex network structures. On this basis, a modified applicant-proposing algorithm to achieve risk optimum is proposed. The risk management model proposed in this paper can provide references for power generation and transmission decision after risk as well as risk aversion, an empirical study in north China verifies its validity.
A Comparative Study of Performances Between the WDM PON System and the CWDM PON System in an Optical Access Network
Authors: Kherici Cheikh , Kandouci Malika 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The growth of optical technology is currently being studied extensively to meet the significant demand for bandwidth. The passive optical network (PON) solves the problem of bandwidth as it extends the optical network to individuals and businesses [Sifta R, Munster P, Krajsa O, Filka M, “Simulation of bidirectional traffic in WDM-PON networks", Brno University of Technology, ISSN 0033–2097, R. 90 NR 1/2014.]. In this paper, a comparative study is made between the WDM PON system and the CWDM PON system using two different architectures, one for the WDM PON and the other for the CWDM PON, to illustrate the appropriate technique for the PON network by increasing the Q factor and the OSNR ratio while minimizing the bit error rate (BER < 10–9
). Both systems are simulated at 10 Gbps for four users of bidirectional SMF (Single Mode Fiber) fiber lengths and different powers. In order to determine the transmission performance for both systems, the link was designed for fiber lengths of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 km as well as for powers from −10 dBm up to 10 dBm for four users. The use of the EDFA amplifier in the WDM PON system is required in this document to minimize degradation caused by attenuation [Parkirti RDK, Singh R. Cost-efficient Colorless WDM-PON Based on RSOA for High Capacity. Int J Adv Res Comput Eng Technol (IJARCET). 2016;5]. On the contrary, in the CWDM PON system, the amplification is not essential because the wavelengths used in this system are not affected by the water peak which causes a strong attenuation of the wavelengths in the 1370–1410 nm range on optical fibers [Nazir M, Arshad F, Asif R. Design and evaluation of power budget for a bidirectional CWDM-Passive Optical Network. In: International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital Systems (C-CODE), Islamabad, Pakistan, 04 May 2017.]. The peak of water vapor absorption is close to 1383 nm.
Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets: a report of four cases with two novel variants in the VDR gene and successful use of intermittent intravenous calcium via a peripheral route
Authors: Abalı Saygın , Tamura Mayuko , Turan Serap , Atay Zeynep , Isguven Pınar , Güran Tülay , Haliloglu Belma , Baş Serpil , Isojima Tsuyoshi , Kitanaka Sachiko , Bereket Abdullah 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundHereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is caused by vitamin D receptor (VDR) defects. Patients with HVDRR do not respond to standard doses of calcitriol and oral calcium (Ca) treatment and need to be treated with intravenous Ca (IV-Ca) via a central route. However, central catheter-related complications can cause significant morbidity.Case presentationFour unrelated patients with HVDRR presenting with rickets and alopecia totalis were administered intermittent IV-Ca treatment (2–5 times/week) through a peripheral route. No complications such as infection, extravasation or arrhythmias were detected upon peripheral infusion. Peripheral 1–22 months’ duration of IV-Ca normalized parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in all patients, after which, oral Ca of 200–400 mg/kg/day and calcitriol of 0.5 μg/kg/day were sufficient to maintain normal PTH levels. Molecular studies on the VDR gene showed a previously reported homozygous c.454C > T (p.Q152*) pathogenic variant in two patients. Two novel homozygous variants in the other two patients were detected: (1) c.756-2A > G, which affects the splice acceptor site, and (2) c.66dupG (p.I23Dfs*20) variant leading to a frameshift that results in a premature stop codon.ConclusionsPeripheral IV-Ca treatment is an effective and practical alternative treatment mode that provides dramatic clinical benefit in patients with HVDRR.
Gefährlich sind immer die Anderen!
Authors: Hirtenlehner Helmut 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungZahlreichen soziologischen Zeitdiagnosen zufolge markiert Unsicherheit ein Strukturmerkmal der Spätmoderne. Vermessungen der kollektiven Mentalität attestieren, dass inzwischen auch die breite Mitte der Gesellschaft zunehmend unter Ängsten vor Statusverlust und einem Abrutschen in Armut und Prekarität leidet. Das Gefühl, dass Werte und Wohlstand bedroht sind, ist heute nahezu endemisch. Dazu mag nicht zuletzt die durch die jüngsten Fluchtbewegungen hervorgebrachte Massenimmigration nach West- und Nordeuropa beigetragen haben. Hier interessieren insbesondere die Auswirkungen der Melange aus sozioökonomischem Unsicherheitsdruck und globaler Migrationskrise auf das kriminalitätsbezogene Sicherheitsempfinden der Bürger, namentlich ihre Angst vor Straftaten durch Personen, denen man aufgrund ihrer äußeren Erscheinung mühelos einen Migrationshintergrund zuschreiben kann. Die forschungsleitende These besagt, dass Abstiegsangst und Migrationspanik gepaart mit Symbolen lokaler Unordnung den Nährboden bilden, auf dem die Furcht vor »Ausländerkriminalität« gedeiht. Wo sozioökonomische Absturzbefürchtungen mit einem auf Fluchtzuwanderung gerichteten Unbehagen verschmelzen, kann dies in autochthonen Kreisen die Furcht vor Migrantenkriminalität in neue Höhen treiben – vor allem dann, wenn die Migrationsphobie in Gestalt gehäufter Unordnungsperzeptionen eine lokale Entsprechung findet. Eine Analyse von Befragungsdaten aus sechs österreichischen Städten stützt das unterbreitete Erklärungsangebot. Angst vor importierter Kriminalität gehört inzwischen zur kollektiven Erfahrung der Spätmoderne. Das Niveau der Furcht vor »Ausländerkriminalität« steht dabei in einem engen Zusammenhang mit der an massenhafte Zuwanderung von Geflüchteten geknüpften Beunruhigung, mit unordnungsbedingten Irritationen in der näheren Lebenswelt sowie mit einer subjektiv empfundenen materiell-ökonomisch gefärbten Statusunsicherheit.
Dostojewskis »Aufzeichnungen aus einem Totenhaus« aus kriminologischer und kriminalpolitischer Sicht
Authors: Kreuzer Arthur 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Dostojewskis »Aufzeichnungen« beruhen auf eigenem, literarisch verarbeitetem Erleben von Haft in einem sibirischen Zwangsarbeitslager des zaristischen Russland. Sie gehören zur Gattung der »Haftmemoiren«. Unabhängig von ihrer literarischen Bedeutung sind sie wie manche Autobiografien ehemals Inhaftierter wichtige Quelle für wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse der Haftforschung. Sie geben authentisch Einblicke in Haftsubkulturen, Haftalltag und Wirkung der Haft auf Betroffene. Der damaligen Lage werden unser heutiges Rechtsverständnis und die neuere Strafvollzugsentwicklung gegenübergestellt. Kontinuität und Wandel werden vor allem nach folgenden Stichworten herausgearbeitet: Haftsubkultur, abolitionistische Tendenzen, Todesstrafe, Körperstrafen, Folter, Verbannung und Ausbürgerung, lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe, Grundrechtsstellung Inhaftierter, Instrumente der Haftvermeidung und Resozialisierung. Heutige Verhältnisse in »totalen Institutionen« entsprechen noch vielen im »Totenhaus« gemachten Beobachtungen. So lassen sich Subkulturen grundsätzlich nicht vermeiden. An Haftüberwindung oder – wo unvermeidbar – resozialisierender, Subkultur entgegenwirkender Gestaltung ist weiter zu arbeiten.
Low-dimensional saturable absorbers for ultrafast photonics in solid-state bulk lasers: status and prospects
Authors: Hao Qianqian , Wang Cong , Liu Wenxin , Liu Xiaoqin , Liu Jie , Zhang Han 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Low-dimensional (LD) materials have originated a range of innovative applications in photonics and optoelectronics owning to their advantages of ultrafast carrier response and distinct nonlinear saturable absorption properties. In particular, these emerging LD materials including zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials have recently been utilized for short and ultrashort pulse laser generation in the visible, near infrared, and mid-infrared wavelength regions. Here, we review recent progress demonstrating the application of LD materials as versatile, wideband saturable absorbers for Q-switching and mode-locking in all-solid-state lasers. The laser performance in operating wavelength, output power, pulse width, repetition rate, and pulse energy is reviewed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives are suggested.
Macromolecular complexes of polyampholytes
Authors: Kudaibergenov Sarkyt E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The macromolecular complexes of random, regular, graft, block and dendritic polyampholytes with respect to transition metal ions, surfactants, dyes, polyelectrolytes, and proteins are discussed in this review. Application aspects of macromolecular complexes of polyampholytes in biotechnology, medicine, nanotechnology, catalysis are demonstrated.
Translation as culture: The example of pictorial-verbal transposition in Sahagún’s primeros memoriales and codex florentino
Authors: Sonesson Göran 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Many items of culture which are conveyed from one culture to another may take verbal form, and then constitute what Jakobson called “translation proper.” If such diffusions involve a co-occurrent change of semiotic systems, they are of such a different nature, that we better reserve another term for it: transposition. Whether or not accompanied by transpositions, such as pictures, translational events may play an important part in the encounter between cultures, not only in the negative sense of deformations as postulated by the Tartu school. Particularly, when such transpositions make up a massive occurrence, as was the assimilation of the Greek-Muslim heritage in Middle Age Europe, or the more extended process by means of which Europe took on of the experience of the so-called New World several centuries later, such processes may actually enrich the homeculture. In this paper, we will study the latter process, zeroing in on a single, if protracted, event, the creation of the work ascribed to Bernardino de Sahagún, which really involved the collaboration of many scholars, many of them bearers of Aztec culture, exclusively or in combination with Western culture. This case interests us in particular, also because it involved the transposition of pictures, not, in the sense, of Western pictures being substitued for single pre-Hispanic picture, but rather as a kind of semiotic means contributing in different ways to the process of constitution.
Integrated Devices for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Using Adapted Silicon Based Multi-Junction Solar Cells Protected by ALD TiO2 Coatings
Authors: Cottre Thorsten , Welter Katharina , Ronge Emanuel , Smirnov Vladimir , Finger Friedhelm , Jooss Christian , Kaiser Bernhard , Jaegermann Wolfram 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this study, we present different silicon based integrated devices for photoelectrochemical water splitting, which provide enough photovoltage to drive the reaction without an external bias. Thin films of titanium dioxide, prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD), are applied as a surface passivation and corrosion protection. The interfaces between the multi-junction cells and the protective coating were optimized individually by etching techniques and finding optimal parameters for the ALD process. The energy band alignment of the systems was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemically deposited platinum particles were used to reduce the HER overpotential. The prepared systems were tested in a three-electrode arrangement under AM 1.5 illumination in 0.1 M KOH. In final tests the efficiency and stability of the prepared devices were tested in a two-electrode arrangement in dependence of the pH value with a ruthenium-iridium oxide counter electrode. For the tandem-junction device solar to hydrogen efficiencies (STH) up to 1.8% were reached, and the triple-junction device showed a maximum efficiency of 4.4%.
High-Intensity, Non-Sport-Specific Strength and Conditioning for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes: Theoretical and Practical Considerations
Authors: Øvretveit Karsten 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a grappling-based combat sport with a growing recreational and professional athlete population. The sport is notoriously hard to master, which requires practitioners to maintain a high BJJ-specific training volume. High-intensity training is a well-established approach to rapid improvements in strength and endurance. Recent studies show that concomitant BJJ and high-intensity strength and conditioning training can improve several physical and physiological attributes. The present article briefly reviews literature pertaining to BJJ and its athletes and provides training recommendations based on high-intensity strength and conditioning concepts.