bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PARA-AORTIC LN INVOLVED DYSGERMINOMA MASQUERADING AS MYOMA DURING PREGNANCY: CASE STUDY
Authors: Lee Eun hyun , Ji Yong-Il 
Published: September 2020

Ovarian dysgerminoma is a malignant germ cell tumor and it account for 1-5% of all ovarian cancers.
Dysgerminoma usually occurs in adolescence and early adult life. So, it could cause problems in fertility and if it is diagnosed during pregnancy, feto-maternal problems will be incurred.
Hereby, we report a case of successful delivery associated with para-aortic Lymph Node (LN) involved ovarian dysgerminoma masquerading as myoma during pregnancy and recommend ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology for ovarian masses should be considered.
WOMEN PROPOSITION IN THE INDIAN JUDICIARY
Authors: Bandopadhyay Bipasha 
Published: September 2020

There have been innumerable debates about gender in India over the years. Much of it includes women’s positing in society, their education, health, economic position, gender equality etc. What one can conclude from such discussions is that women have always held a certain paradoxical position in our developing country.
The women position in Indian Judiciary has again been a debatable, topic which has henceforth never been into exact numerical representation. The women clan involved into the legal network of benches has been notably less. The women position has been the highest in the Supreme Court of India with ‘Nine’ Judges.
The research work includes statistical data with the research of Vidhi legal policy. “The District Courts and the courts below them comprise the ‘lower’ or ‘subordinate’ judiciary. These courts lie under the administrative control of High Courts. Each judicial district in India has one District Court, below which lie civil and criminal courts of original jurisdiction,” the study notes, and finds that 71% judges in the subordinate judiciary across India are male.
Motivation/Background: The women position has been the highest in the Supreme Court of India with ‘Nine’ Judges. The women clan involved into the legal network of benches has been notably less.
Method: The fundamental protestant of the research are ‘women’, their count in the benches of Indian Judiciary, specifically over the High Courts and the Supreme Court. So what has been the reason behind such a low count of women?
What has been the numerical denomination of women benches in High Courts and Supreme Courts over the past years?
Results: Women were relegated to the household, and made to submit to the male-dominated patriarchal society, as has always been prevalent in our country. Indian women, who fought as equals with men in the nationalist struggle, were not given that free public space anymore. They became homemakers, and were mainly meant to build a strong home to support their men who were to build the newly independent country.
Conclusions: Women were reduced to being second class citizens. The national female literacy rate was an alarmingly low 8.6%. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) for girls was 24.8% at primary level and 4.6% at the upper primary level (in the 11-14 years age group). There existed insoluble social and cultural barriers to education of women and access to organized schooling.
Outbreak of Coronavirus in Iran Compared to Countries with the Highest Incidence
Authors: Nazari Elham , Tabesh Hamed 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The coronavirus outbreak has become a serious issue of the entire world. In some ways, the ability to provide outbreak rate prediction is helpful. Therefore the main purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence pattern of Confirmed COVID-19 Cases in Iran, and comparison between countries with high infected person such as USA, Brazil and others.Materials and Methods: 7801401 infected cases with COVID 19 related countries with highest infection, USA, Brazil, India, Russia, Peru, Chile, Mexico, Spain, UK, South Africa, Iran and Pakistan in 17 weeks timespan was extracted from the Daily New Cases chart at https://www.worldmeters. Info/coronavirus/. Also, the incidence rate pattern was presented. The frequency distribution charts used to compare countries.Results: In Iran, from the interval of first week to the end of fifth week after observing the 100th case of infection, the trend of identifying patients was upward, and after that, it showed a decreasing tendency until the end of the 10th week. However, it seems that from the 10th to the 12th week, the trend has been increasing and after that it has been almost constant. In countries such as South Africa, India, and Brazil, however, this trend has roughly always been ascending during this period, and in other countries it has been fluctuated.Conclusion: The Covid-19 has become pandemic disease. Finding similar incidence rate with other countries aimed for applying appropriate intervention is helpful.
Developing Cardiac Electrophysiology Ontology: Moving Towards Data Harmonization and Integration
Authors: Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi , Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Jelvay Saeed , Bostan Hassan 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Cardiac electrophysiology (EP) studies the electrical heart conduction system which is used for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. In this context, a huge amount of data is generated, requiring efficient and effective access, interpretation, and data analysis from multiple sources in a unified view. To resolve this challenge, this essay presents an ontology to reconcile data heterogeneity problems in this domain.Material and Methods: The cardiac EP ontology was constructed according to the life cycle of ontology building. Structural, functional, and expert evaluation was performed to ensure its quality and usability. Results: Cardiac EP ontology was developed using protégé environment and implemented in OWL editing tool. It presented a detailed hierarchical structure of the cardiac EP domain with around 324 instances describing cardiac EP-related concepts.Conclusion: Cardiac EP ontology provides an explicit formal description of the concepts, relationships, and properties associated with cardiac electrophysiology making seamless data integration between multiple heterogeneous databases. It also is a useful framework for knowledge representation in knowledge-based systems, as well as for explicit communication between experts in the EP domain.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa SMP dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis pada Materi Bangun Datar Segi Empat
Authors: Malinda Pamila , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal kemampuan koneksi matematis pada materi bangun datar segi empat, subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas VIII dari salah satu SMP Negri di Cimahi sebanyak 29 siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, instrumen yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak empat butir soal dengan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal kemampuan koneksi matematis pada materi bangun datar segi empat untuk setiap indikatornya masih tinggi. Pada indikator pertama yaitu mengidentifikasi hubungan berbagai representasi konsep dan prosedur matematika pada soal nomor tiga memperoleh persentase kesalahan sebesar 63%. Untuk indikator kedua yaitu mengidentifikasi hubungan satu prosedur ke prosedur lain dalam represen-tasi yang ekuivalen pada soal nomor satu memperolah persentase kesalahan sebesar 24% dan soal nomor empat memperoleh persentase kesalahan sebesar 40%. Dan indikator ketiga yaitu menjelaskan penerapan topik matematika dalam masalah kehidupan sehari-hari pada soal nomor dua memperoleh persentase kesalahan sebesar 43%

Kata kunci: Analisis kesalahan, Kemampuan koneksi matematis, Bangun datar segi empat
Management of chronic kidney disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapted clinical guidelines of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Stepanova N. , Dudar I. , Krasyuk E. , Liksunova L. , Snisar L. 
Published: September 2020

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, there was an urgent need to make complex clinical decisions about the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD)patients. Since a significant number of CKD patients have impaired renal function or receive immunosuppressive (IS) therapy, they belong to a high-risk group for adverse effects of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the overwhelming majority of CKD patients have co-morbidities, which not only increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also the formation of life-threatening complications of COVID-19. Currently, there are no data on the best practices for the management of CKD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, based on the existing research presented by leading renal associations (ERA-EDTA, Kidney Care UK, The Renal Association), NICE Rapid Guidelines on this topic, and our own experience, the expert group of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists has created the Adapted Clinical Recommendations for the Management Of Patients with CKD stages 1-4 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The proposed clinical guidelines aimed to classify all CKD patients at risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization. The key characteristics of each class of kidney disease are the kidney functional level, determined by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), daily urinary protein excretion, hypertension, medication intake and other additional characteristics.
All of the following clinical guidelines have a level of evidence of 2C.
Management of hemodialysis facilities and services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapted clinical guidelines of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Stepanova N. , Dudar I. , Krasyuk E. , Liksunova L. , Snisar L. , Moroz T. 
Published: September 2020

The global COVID-19 pandemic is a critical time for hemodialysis patients as hypertension, diabetes or other co-morbidities, as well as hemostasis disorders, are risk factors for adult distress syndrome, the formation of which significantly worsens the prognosis.
Several national associations of nephrologists have created expert working groups to prepare constantly updated clinical guidelines for the management of dialysis patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to the experts, to minimize COVID-19 infection of patients and health care workers, the medical staff of dialysis units should undergo training and further retraining, following changes in constantly updated practical recommendations.
The expert group of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists has also created the Adapted Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Hemodialysis Facilities and Services During the COVID-19 pandemic.
All of the following clinical guidelines have a level of evidence of 2C.
Management of peritoneal dialysis facilities and services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Adapted clinical guidelines of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists
Authors: Kolesnyk M. , Stepanova N. , Dudar I. , Krasyuk E. , Liksunova L. , Snisar L. 
Published: September 2020

In Ukraine, about 12% of end-stage renal disease patients are treated by peritoneal dialysis (PD). In contrast to the hemodialysis population, PD patients receive treatment at home, which reduces the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2. However, older age, diabetes, hypertension and many other comorbid conditions of PD patients significantly increase the risk of infection. Therefore, maximum adherence to preventive measures for COVID-19 by PD patients and medical staff is an urgent and mandatory task.
Based on the published research on COVID-19, the expert group of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists and Kidney Transplant Specialists has created the Adapted Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Peritoneal Dialysis Facilities and Services During the COVID-19 pandemic.
All of the following clinical guidelines have a level of evidence of 2C.
Effect of classic soft drink Coca-Cola as a solvent in the administration of tramadol and diazepam on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney
Authors: Ilesanmi Omotayo B. , Odewale Temitope T. 
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the biochemical and morphological changes in the liver and kidney as a result of the acute administration of tramadol and diazepam with classic soft drink Coca-Cola (Coke ).
Method: Thirty-six (36) adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Group A-control (distilled water), Group B (Coke ), Group C (tramadol, 50 mg/kg), Group D (tramadol dissolved in Coke, 50 mg/kg), Group E (diazepam, 10 mg/kg) and Group F (diazepam dissolved in Coke 10 mg/kg). All administrations were done intraperitoneal. Twenty-four hours after administration, blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for evaluation of the liver (Aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and Alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), kidney (urea and creatinine [CREA]) function and the organs were excised and processed for histopathological examination.
Result: A significantly increased in AST, creatinine and urea concentrations was observed in Tramadol and Coke Groups compared to control (P<0.05), while diazepam had no significant effect on AST, ALT (P>0.05), though it caused a significant increase in urea and CREA (P<0.05). Dissolving the tramadol in Coke aggravated its hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, while Coke had no significant effect on diazepam. Histological examination also corroborated the biochemical result.
Conclusion: The results showed that mixing drugs with Coke does not improve the toxicity of tramadol and has no significant effect on diazepam.
Comparison of prophylactic versus preemptive treatments in the management of cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Karaçin Cengiz , Yaşar Emre , Helvacı Özant , Güz Galip 
Published: September 2020

To prevent acute or chronic rejection in renal transplant recipients, immunosuppressive treatments are applied. However, immunosuppressive treatments increase the risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in efficacy and cost of prophylactic and preemptive treatment strategies applied in respect of CMV infection to renal transplant recipients.
Methods. Patients who underwent renal transplantation in our center between 2010 and 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were allocated in two groups as those who received prophylaxis or preemptive treatment. A record was made of the kidney function tests (KFT), CMV PCR copy numbers, the presence of CMV infection, antiviral treatments received, and the costs were calculated of the tests and treatments. The groups were compared in respect of CMV infection and costs.
Results. A total of 71 patients with a median age of 38 years (range, 19-74 years) were included in the study. The prophylaxis group included 43 patients and the preemptive group included 28 patients. CMV infection was detected in 7 (16.3%) of the prophylaxis group and 2 (7.1%) patients of the preemptive group (p=0.467). The cost per month of the tests and treatment was lower in the preemptive group than in the prophylaxis group (p<0.001).
Conclusion. No significant difference was determined between the prophylactic and preemptive treatment protocols in respect of the CMV infection in the intermediate-risk group renal transplantation recipients. Preemptive treatment was seen to be a more cost-effective method than prophylactic treatment in Turkey.
A Mathematical Model of Shifted Gamma Distribution for Internet Traffic Packet Delay over a Next Generation Core Internetwork
Authors: Lam Dao Ngoc , Lap Le Huu , Thang Le Nhat 
Published: September 2020

Broadband Internet traffic is transported over the next generation core internetworks, which are composed of several IP/MPLS/GE network sections and transport multi-services. In practice, IP packet delay is normally measured in each separated network section but not over a whole internetwork. It is proved in the paper that packet delay distribution of Internet traffic component in core network sections can be approximately expressed as a shifted gamma distribution. Moreover a new explicit mathematical model based on shifted gamma distribution has also been proposed to compose delay distribution of Internet traffic packet transported over a core internetwork from component ones in each network section. It is resulted from this model that Internet packet delay over an internetwork inherits distribution properties from that over component networks. Other properties and parameters relationship of the model such as additive property of shape and location parameters, the relation between distribution lower moments and parameters, the dependence of distribution on parameters variation are also exposed in the paper. The proposed model of IP packet delay distributions has a certain scientific significance and plays an important role in practical performance analysis, network planning, designing and traffic engineering for improving the quality of service
Taxonomy of resource allocation algorithms for inner IaaS cloud data centres
Authors: Quan Dang Minh 
Published: September 2020

Cloud computing has become more and more popular with the widely deployment of several cloud infrastructures. Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) Cloud computing replaces bare computer hardware. The cloud user will use the virtual machines (VMs) to fullfil their computing requirements. Among the components of IaaS cloud software stack, the resource allocation module is very important as it selects suitable VMs and the place to execute VMs. This paper focuses on studying and classifying algorithms used in the resource allocation module. The issues of how to apply those algorithms are also discussed.
Księgozbiór Wacława Aleksandra Maciejowskiego – warsztat pracy uczonego
Authors: Chober Halina 
Published: September 2020

Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski (1792-1883) był historykiem kultury, słowianoznawcą i reprezentantem kierunku romantyczno-słowianofilskiego, pierwszym w Polsce przedstawicielem szkoły historycznej w prawoznawstwie. Należał do grona najwybitniejszych polskich uczonych XIX w. Podejmując i rozwijając swoje badania nad dziejami narodów słowiańskich, zgromadził bogaty księgozbiór reprezentujący liczne, interesujące go dziedziny wiedzy. Niniejszy artykuł nie stanowi jednak pełnej monografii specjalistycznego księgozbioru Maciejowskiego, ale stawia sobie za zadanie charakterystykę tylko tej części pełniącej funkcji warsztatu naukowego. W artykule skupiono się również na relacjach obejmujących zainteresowania i twórczość naukową Maciejowskiego – jego kontakty naukowe, osobiste i korespondencyjne. Konsekwencją takiego podejścia jest pominięcie wielu wybitnych dzieł naukowych oraz tych dyscyplin wiedzy, które są reprezentowane w omawianym księgozbiorze, ale nie odgrywają większej roli z punktu widzenia przyjętej metodologii. Wybrana część księgozbioru przedstawiona została zgodnie z chronologią zainteresowań bohatera artykułu w trzech podstawowych grupach tematycznych: historia, prawo, filologia. W obrębie tych bloków zastosowano układ środowisk naukowych (uniwersyteckie z okresu studiów Maciejowskiego, Warszawę, następie pozostałe ośrodki polskie i obce).
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of English start back screening tool into Bangla for patients with low back pain
Authors: Hasan Md. Israt , Ahmed Syed Mozaffar 
Published: September 2020

This study was intended to translate and culturally adapt the STarT back screening tool to produce an equivalent Bangla version. Total 58 patients with low back pain completed the newly developed Bangla version of STarT back screening tool and Bangla version of Ronald Morris Disability Questionnaire seven days apart. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency (Chronbach’s alpha for overall score 0.81 and for spychosocial subscale was 0.76) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient for overall score was 0.78 and for spychosocial subscale was 0.71). Reliability of Bangla version of STarT back screening tool was very good. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was carried out on the Bangla version of STarT back screening tool and Bangla version of RMDQ to assess construct validity (overall score was 0.88 and spychosocial subscale score was 0.83) which indicate a strong correlation between them. This study shows that the Bangla version of STarT back screening tool is a reliable, valid and culturally adapted responsive screening tool for the patients with low back pain.
Karl Marx’s Philosophy and Its Relevance Today
Authors: Rashid Haroon 
Published: September 2020

How do we see the world? What is the way of looking at the world? In other words, how do we explain the problems of our life and the world we live in? This is what philosophy does, i.e., philosophy is a way of explaining life and the world. More precisely, philosophy is an outlook of the fundamental problems of life and the world. A philosopher starts his thinking with the exercise of rationality. He makes a rational investigation of the problems with which he is concerned. In this sense, philosophy is a rational outlook of the fundamental problems of life and the world. A philosopher is a rational and critical thinker and in this way of thinking he formulates his ideas and builds theories about life and the world. In this sense, philosophy is mainly a theoretical activity and a philosopher is concerned with conceptual or theoretical activity. This is the traditional way of defining philosophy.
Philosophy and Progress, Vol#61-62-; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2017 P 15-42
Role of Interfaith Dialogue in Checking Religious Extremism
Authors: Huda Fazrin 
Published: September 2020

The concept of interfaith dialogue is extremely significant in today‟s world. It is not a new concept. It has a historical and pragmatic significance. Religious extremism is a new threat to the world. Unfortunately, no one in this world is free from the threat of religious extremism and violence. This article adopts a qualitative approach and data are collected from both primary and secondary sources. This paper explores the role of interfaith dialogue to check religious extremism by taking interviews of seven respondents. It also argues that interfaith dialogue is very effective to check religious extremism along with the challenges of conducting an effective dialogue. These challenges may include the lack of proper knowledge of interfaith dialogue, prejudice of stereotypes religious ideas, misinterpretations and political misuse of religions, some common obstacles of conducting an interfaith dialogue. Last of all, the article also shows how the situation of Bangladesh can be improved through interfaith dialogue where there exists a combined effort from both common people and the government to check religious fanaticism and extremism.
Philosophy and Progress, Vol#61-62; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2017 P 93-108
Revisiting Brenda Almond’s view of Human Bonds
Authors: Pia Shamim Ara 
Published: September 2020

In the prehistoric time, there was an inclination of human beings to protect their existence by living in societies. They confine themselves in the society because of having their qualities of mutual love and amity. The general tendencies of human beings are to develop bonds. These bonds happen in various ways. Society cannot survive without bonds. Bonds have significance in philosophical discussion. In the history of contemporary philosophy, applied philosophy is one of the several other aspects. Applied philosophy deals with Human rights, Euthanasia, Feminism, Abortion, Animal rights, Bonds etc. Brenda Almond, a leading figure in applied philosophy, has offered arguments in favor of her viewpoint regarding the importance of human bonds. In this paper, Almond‟s view on the nature and significance of bond has been analyzed. However, bond has also been studied from ethical perspective in this paper. And finally, it is claimed that marriage and cosmopolitanism make bonds stronger.
Philosophy and Progress, Vol#61-62; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2017 P 147-164