bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on multiple array method of birdcage coils to improve the signal intensity and homogeneity in small‐animal whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging at 7 T
Authors: Heo Phil , Kim Han‐Joong , Han Sang‐Doc , Kim Donghyuk , Im Geun Ho , Kim Soobum , Kim Kyoung‐Nam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBirdcage (BC) coils generate a homogeneous magnetic field (∣B1∣), whose strength depends on the length of the coils, the number of legs, the resonance frequency, the excitation method, and the length‐to‐diameter ratio. BC coils with a shorter distance between the end rings produce a more intense ∣B1∣ field with a higher level of homogeneity. Here, we propose a combination of overlapping and nonoverlapping radiofrequency volumetric BC coils for small‐animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) working at 7 T with a frequency of 300 MHz to improve the ∣B1∣‐field homogeneity and intensity along the main magnetic field (∣B0∣) direction. The first combination consisted of two overlapping BC (o‐BC) coils, in which each coil is half the length of the imaging object. A combination of two nonoverlapping BC coils separated by a small gap (nog‐BC) was also developed. In order to improve the performance of the nog‐BC coil, we attached a decoupling capacitor. In computational calculations, the proposed o‐BC coil configuration showed an increased homogeneity in the ∣B1∣ field along the ∣B0∣ direction compared with the other coils. The experimental bench tests of the o‐BC coil configuration showed a high decoupling coefficient between the BC coils, which allowed each of them to be used individually for transmission and reception. The o‐BC coil was able to maintain a high transmission efficiency without signal interference while exhibiting an increased ∣B1∣‐field homogeneity compared with other coils. In this study, the advantages of the o‐BC coils are demonstrated using electromagnetic simulations and MRI on a homogenous phantom and an in vivo mouse body.
Detection and segmentation of cancer regions in cervical images using fuzzy logic and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system classification method
Authors: Ramasamy Raghupathy , Chinnasamy Chitra 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the most severe death causing cancers in developing countries. The mortality rates of the cervical cancer are high in developing countries due to their unawareness about such cancer. This article proposes an efficient Fuzzy logic and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) classification method based cancer region detection and segmentation in cervical images. The thick and thin edges are detected using fuzzy logic and these detected edges are fused pixel level image fusion technique. In this article, fuzzy rules are constructed for detecting edges for cancer region detection. Then, Gabor transform is applied on the fused cervical image for the transformation of pixels. The texture features are extracted from the Gabor transformed image and these features are classified using ANFIS classification approach. Further, morphological operations are used to segment the cancer regions in classified abnormal cervical image. The average classification rate of the proposed cervical cancer detection system is about 98.8%. The proposed cervical cancer segmentation methodology stated in this article achieves 98.1% of sensitivity, 99.4% of specificity, and 99.3% of accuracy.
Comments on chemical properties reported for diphenyl disulfide and its derivatives: The merit of the phenyl groups
Authors: Lin Hung‐Sung , Wu Yan , Liu Yu‐Ju , Chen Shu‐Hui , Chen Wei‐Ting , Wang Shao‐Pin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe symmetrical 2,2′‐disubstitued derivatives of diphenyl disulfide showing widely spanning rates of electrophilic attack of the HIV‐1 nucleocapsid protein p7 zinc fingers have been rationalized, based on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)‐lowering approach, by the substituents' π‐effects and the hydrogen bond stabilization effects. In the 2,2′‐amide‐ and 4,4′‐N‐amide‐substituted derivatives, the extent of LUMO lowering has been reduced by the destabilization of lone‐pair bond orbital, lp(N), present on the nitrogen atom of N‐amide. From the natural bond orbital viewpoint, hydrogen bond stabilization of LUMO is mainly governed by stabilization of the σ*SS bond orbital.
AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue as a new biomarker for disease monitoring and prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer: Results of a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Yingchao , Tian Jia , Qin Dongrui , Liu Jiaqi , Xie Yaozeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA‐kinase–interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) has been reported as an oncogenetic factor in multiple cancers; however, no study has reported its role in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) yet. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of AKIP1, and its correlation with tumor characteristics as well as prognosis in patients with NSCLC.MethodsFour hundred and ninety patients with NSCLC who underwent resection were reviewed, and baseline clinical data were collected. AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue/paired adjacent tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated.ResultsA‐kinase–interacting protein 1 expression was elevated in tumor tissue compared with paired adjacent tissue (P < .001), and high AKIP1 tumor tissue expression was correlated with poor pathological differentiation (P < .001), tumor size >5 cm (P = .001), lymph node metastasis (P = .016), higher TNM stages (P < .001), and abnormal CEA level (>5 ng/mL) (P = .035). DFS was worse in patients with tumor tissue AKIP1 high expression compared with patients who had AKIP1 low expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I (P < .001) and TNM stage III (P < .001) patients. And the OS was also decreased in patients with AKIP1 high expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I patients (P = .001) and TNM stage III patients (P = .004). Moreover, multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that AKIP1 high expression was an independent predictive factor for worse DFS (P < .001) and OS (P < .001).ConclusionTumor tissue AKIP1 expression may have the potential to be a biomarker assisting in disease monitoring and prognosis in NSCLC.
From achievement to power: David C. McClelland, McBer & Company, and the business of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), 1962–1985
Authors: Hoffarth Matthew J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDuring the 1960s, Harvard psychologist David McClelland focused his research and business endeavors on increasing the need for achievement in small businesspeople, with the goal of fostering economic success in the developing world. However, by the early 1970s, McClelland would focus almost entirely on developing executives’ need for power in the United States. In this paper, I argue that underlying this shift was McClelland's dedication to the project of behavioral engineering and a newfound belief that training individuals in the responsible exercise of leadership and managerial power had become the most effective path to achieving his liberal political aims.
Rapid and sensitive identification of ricin in environmental samples based on lactamyl agarose beads using LC‐MS/MS (MRM)
Authors: Feldberg Liron , Schuster Ofir , Elhanany Eytan , Laskar Orly , Yitzhaki Shmuel , Gura Sigalit 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRicin, a plant‐derived toxin extracted from the seeds of Ricinus communis (castor bean plant), is one of the most toxic proteins known. Ricin's high toxicity, widespread availability, and ease of its extraction make it a potential agent for bioterrorist attacks. Most ricin detection methods are based on immunoassays. These methods may suffer from low efficiency in matrices containing interfering substances, or from false positive results due to antibody cross reactivity, with highly homologous proteins. In this study, we have developed a simple, rapid, sensitive, and selective mass spectrometry assay, for the identification of ricin in complex environmental samples. This assay involves three main stages: (a) Ricin affinity capture by commercial lactamyl‐agarose (LA) beads. (b) Tryptic digestion. (c) LC‐MS/MS (MRM) analysis of tryptic fragments. The assay was validated using 60 diverse environmental samples such as soil, asphalt, and vegetation, taken from various geographic regions. The assay's selectivity was established in the presence of high concentrations of competing lectin interferences. Based on our findings, we have defined strict criteria for unambiguous identification of ricin. Our novel method, which combines affinity capture beads followed by MRM‐based analysis, enabled the identification of 1 ppb ricin spiked into complex environmental matrices. This methodology has the potential to be extended for the identification of ricin in body fluids from individuals exposed (deliberately or accidentally) to the toxin, contaminated food or for the detection of the entire family of RIP‐II toxins, by applying multiplex format.
Screening of Surfactant Foaming Properties Using the Gas‐Sparging Method: Design of an Optimal Protocol
Authors: Bois Rémy , van Hecke Elisabeth , Pezron Isabelle , Nesterenko Alla 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFoaming properties of five model surfactants, namely, sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether (Brij L23), polysorbate 20 (Tween 20), and polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), have been compared as a function of experimental conditions using the gas‐sparging method. The influence of surfactant concentration relative to the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and three process parameters—frit porosity, gas flow rate, and preset volume of foam (or bubbling time)—was studied by means of a 24–1 factorial design. Three foaming properties were considered: foam capacity, foam stability, and maximal foam density. At the CMC, SLES, SDS, Tween 20, and Brij L23 were indistinguishable, all having very high foaming capacity and stability, regardless of process conditions. At 0.1 CMC, differences among them were highlighted especially at the lowest frit porosity coupled to the highest gas flow rate. Those conditions are thus recommended when a rapid screening of surfactant foaming performances is needed.
Automatic kinetic model generation and selection based on concentration versus time curves
Authors: Nagy Tibor , Tóth János , Ladics Tamás 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe goal of the paper is to automatize the construction and parameterization of kinetic reaction mechanisms that can describe a set of experimentally measured concentration versus time curves. Using the framework and theorems of formal reaction kinetics, first, we build a set of possible mechanisms with a given number of measured and unmeasured (real or fictitious) species and reaction steps that fulfill some chemically reasonable requirements. Then we fit all the corresponding mass‐action kinetic models and offer the best one to the chemist to help explain the underlying chemical phenomenon or to use it for predictions. We demonstrate the use of the method via two simple examples: on an artificial, simulated set of data and on a small real‐life data set. The method can also be used to do a kind of lumping to generate a model that can reproduce the simulation results of a detailed mechanism with less species and thereby can largely accelerate spatially inhomogeneous simulations.
Intracapsular versus extracapsular dissection tonsillectomy for adults: A systematic review
Authors: Amin Nikul , Lakhani Raj 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTonsillectomy is an extremely common ENT surgical procedure. There is a growing interest in the role of intracapsular dissection tonsillectomy (ICDT) due to reported reduced perioperative complications. We aim to compare the outcomes associated with ICDT versus traditional extracapsular dissection tonsillectomy (ECDT) in the adult population.MethodsSystematic review of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ICDT and ECDT for all indications in the adult population. Electronic searches performed through CENTRAL, PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP. Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 2014) was used to carry out the meta‐analysis.ResultsNine RCTs were included with a total of 11 reports with mean age of 23.9 years including 181 patients who received ICDT compared to 176 patients receiving ECDT. We found statistically significant reduced postoperative pain and analgesia requirement as well as a reduced rate of secondary postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing ICDT versus ECDT. There appears to be no significant difference in controlling recurrent tonsillitis between the ICDT and ECDT groups.ConclusionAcross the recorded outcomes we noted no clear benefit to performing ECDT over ICDT and evidence suggests high patient satisfaction with ICDT. Laryngoscope, 130:2325–2335, 2020
Molecular Dynamics Analysis of Proton Diffusivity in Hydrated Nafion Membranes Contaminated with Ferrous Ions
Authors: Kawai Kiyoto , Mabuchi Takuya , Tokumasu Takashi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA molecular dynamics simulation is performed to understand the effects of ferrous ion contaminations on the proton transport property and nanostructures of solvent molecules in hydrated Nafion membranes while considering the Grotthuss mechanism. At low hydration conditions, the proton diffusivity has a local maximum at a certain concentration of ferrous ions. In the case of low ferrous ion concentration (≈25% of total cation charge), proton diffusivity is similar to that in the pure membrane. Also, in the case of middle ferrous ion concentration (50%), proton diffusivity is enhanced because the water clusters are more connected compared with those in the pure membrane. In the case of high ferrous ion concentration (larger than 70%), proton diffusivity is inhibited because the water clusters are disintegrated by the ferrous ions. Moreover, the correlation between proton diffusivity and nanostructure of the Nafion membrane is different among low, middle, and high water content. The results imply that the proton diffusivity is affected by ferrous ion contaminations by different mechanisms according to water content.
Does glucose affect the de‐esterification of methyl ferulate by Lactobacillus buchneri?
Authors: Mogodiniyai Kasmaei Kamyar , Schlosser Dietmar , Sträuber Heike , Kleinsteuber Sabine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSilage, the fermented product from anaerobic storage of forage crops with high water contents (50%–70%), is normally used as animal feed but also for the production of biofuels and value‐added products. To improve the utilization of plant fibers during ensiling, previous attempts have aimed at breaking linkages between lignin and hemicellulose by use of Lactobacillus buchneri LN 4017 (ATCC PTA‐6138), a feruloyl esterase (FAE)‐producing strain, but results have been inconsistent. Normally, there are sufficient amounts of readily available substrates for bacterial growth in silage. We thus hypothesized that the inconsistent effect of L. buchneri LN 4017 on the digestibility of silage fibers is due to the catabolic repression of FAE activity by substrates present in silage (e.g., glucose). To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the effect of glucose on the de‐esterification of methyl ferulate (MF), a model substrate used for FAE activity assays. At three glucose:MF ratios (0:1, 1:1, and 13:1), the bacteria continued hydrolyzing MF with increasing glucose:MF ratios, indicating that the de‐esterification reaction was not repressed by glucose. We therefore conclude that the de‐esterification activity of L. buchneri LN 4017 is not repressed by silage substrates during ensiling.
A dominant RAD51C pathogenic splicing variant predisposes to breast and ovarian cancer in the Newfoundland population due to founder effect
Authors: Dawson Lesa M. , Smith Kerri N. , Werdyani Salem , Ndikumana Robyn , Penney Cindy , Wiede Louisa L. , Smith Kendra L. , Pater Justin A. , MacMillan Andrée , Green Jane , Drover Sheila , Young Terry‐Lynn , O’Rielly Darren D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRAD51C is important in DNA repair and individuals with pathogenic RAD51C variants have increased risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), an autosomal dominant genetic predisposition to early onset breast and/or ovarian cancer.MethodsFive female HBOC probands sequenced negative for moderate‐ and high‐risk genes but shared a recurrent variant of uncertain significance in RAD51C (NM_058216.3: c.571 + 4A > G). Participant recruitment was followed by haplotype and case/control analyses, RNA splicing analysis, gene and protein expression assays, and Sanger sequencing of tumors.ResultsThe RAD51C c.571 + 4A > G variant segregates with HBOC, with heterozygotes sharing a 5.07 Mbp haplotype. RAD51C c.571 + 4A > G is increased ~52‐fold in the Newfoundland population compared with the general Caucasian population and positive population controls share disease‐associated alleles, providing evidence of a founder effect. Splicing analysis confirmed in silico predictions that RAD51C c.571 + 4A > G causes exon 3 skipping, creating an immediate premature termination codon. Gene and protein expression were significantly reduced in a RAD51C c.571 + 4G > A heterozygote compared with a wild‐type relative. Sanger sequencing of tumors from two probands indicates loss‐of‐heterozygosity, suggesting loss of function.ConclusionThe RAD51C c.571 + 4A > G variant affects mRNA splicing and should be re‐classified as pathogenic according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.
Psychological comorbidities and functional neurological disorders in women with idiopathic urinary retention: International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society (ICI‐RS) 2019
Authors: Panicker Jalesh N. , Selai Caroline , Herve Francois , Rademakers Kevin , Dmochowski Roger , Tarcan Tufan , von Gontard Alexander , Vrijens Desiree 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsChronic urinary retention occurring in young women is poorly understood and a cause may not be found in a majority of cases. Different psychological comorbidities and functional neurological symptom disorders (FNDs) have been reported; however, these have been poorly explored.MethodsAt the International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society meeting in 2019, a panel of clinicians generated a proposal to explore the relationship between psychological comorbidities, FNDs, and urinary retention in women with chronic idiopathic urinary retention.ResultsPsychological comorbidities such as depression and anxiety, and FNDs such as leg weakness and loss of consciousness, have been reported in women with idiopathic urinary retention. Individuals react differently to physical and emotional stressors, and experimental models have demonstrated a relationship between the stress response and developing urinary retention. Trauma, particularly sexual trauma, may be a shared risk factor for developing psychological comorbidities and urinary retention. Children with voiding postponement often suffer from psychological comorbidities and behavioral disturbances; however, there is no evidence to suggest that this progresses to urinary retention in adulthood. “Psychogenic urinary retention” has been described in the urology and psychiatry literature in the past, and anecdotal cases of successful voiding following psychotherapy have been reported, though the true pathophysiology of this entity is uncertain.ConclusionPsychological and functional disorder comorbidities are reported in women with chronic urinary retention. The nature of the association between urinary retention and functional neurological disorder comorbidities needs to be further explored in terms of a disorder of bladder‐brain interaction.
NNT‐AS1 enhances bladder cancer cell growth by targeting miR‐1301‐3p/PODXL axis and activating Wnt pathway
Authors: Liu Yunxing , Wu Guanlin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs a tumor involved in the urinary system, bladder cancer (BC) seriously threatens human health. Emerging as crucial biomarkers, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of many cancers. lncRNA NNT‐AS1 has been studied in a series of cancers, whereas its role and potential molecular mechanism was poorly understood in BC. Here, we found that NNT‐AS1 was upregulated in BC cells. Functionally, the silencing of NNT‐AS1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and endothelial‐mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, the apoptosis of BC cells was induced upon NNT‐AS1 knockdown. Later, miR‐1301‐3p, the downstream gene of NNT‐AS1, was found at a low level in BC cells. In addition, we found that miR‐1301‐3p targeted to PODXL. PODXL expression downregulated in NNT‐AS1‐silenced cells was restored by miR‐1301‐3p inhibition. Importantly, NNT‐AS1 was discovered to activate Wnt pathway, and the treatment of LiCl recovered the repressive role of NNT‐AS1 silencing in BC cell growth. Through restoration assays, we observed that PODXL overexpressing countervailed NNT‐AS1 depletion‐mediated suppression on BC cell growth and Wnt pathway. These data suggested that NNT‐AS1 enhances BC cell growth and activates Wnt pathway by targeting miR‐1301‐3p/PODXL axis.
Multiple pigmentations in Laugier‐Hunziker‐Baran syndrome
Authors: Yamamoto Jun‐Ichiro , Kasamatsu Atsushi , Higo Morihiro , Endo‐Sakamoto Yosuke , Ogawara Katsunori , Sunohara Masataka , Shiiba Masashi , Uzawa Katsuhiro , Tanzawa Hideki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLaugier‐Hunziker‐Baran (LHB) syndrome is an acquired, macular hyperpigmentation of the lips, and oral mucosa, often associated with pigmentation of the nails, palms, and fingertips. LHB syndrome is considered to be a benign disease with no systemic manifestation or malignant potential. Normally, no treatment is required for this condition, unless for esthetic reason, mainly due to pigmentation on the lip mucosa. Here we present a case of LHB syndrome, 32‐year‐old male, whose pigmentations on his tongue, buccal mucosa, palate, and ventral surface of fingertip, diagnosed by clinical and dermoscopic findings.
AtIRE1C, an unconventional isoform of the UPR master regulator AtIRE1, is functionally associated with AtIRE1B in Arabidopsis gametogenesis
Authors: Pu Yunting , Ruberti Cristina , Angelos Evan R. , Brandizzi Federica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR), a highly conserved set of eukaryotic intracellular signaling cascades, controls the homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in normal physiological growth and situations causing accumulation of potentially toxic levels of misfolded proteins in the ER, a condition known as ER stress. During evolution, eukaryotic lineages have acquired multiple UPR effectors, which have increased the pliability of cytoprotective responses to physiological and environmental stresses. The ER‐associated protein kinase and ribonuclease IRE1 is a UPR effector that is conserved from yeast to metazoans and plants. IRE1 assumes dispensable roles in growth in yeast but it is essential in mammals and plants. The Arabidopsis genome encodes two isoforms of IRE1, IRE1A and IRE1B, whose protein functional domains are conserved across eukaryotes. Here, we describe the identification of a third Arabidopsis IRE1 isoform, IRE1C. This protein lacks the ER lumenal domain that has been implicated in sensing ER stress in the IRE1 isoforms known to date. Through functional analyses, we demonstrate that IRE1C is not essential in growth and stress responses when deleted from the genome singularly or in combination with an IRE1A knockout allele. However, we found that IRE1C exerts an essential role in gametogenesis when IRE1B is also depleted. Our results identify a novel, plant‐specific IRE1 isoform and highlight that at least the control of gametogenesis in Arabidopsis requires an unexpected functional coordination of IRE1C and IRE1B. More broadly, our findings support the existence of a functional form of IRE1 that is required for development despite the remarkable absence of a protein domain that is critical for the function of other known IRE1 isoforms.