bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF PLANTAGO OVATA MUCILAGE USED AS NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANT ON RAPIMELTS TABLET OF METACLOPRAMIDE HCL
Authors: Abhinav kumar Tripathi  , Hemendra Gautam  
Published: February 2020

Formulation, development and optimization of rapimelts containing metoclopramide HCl using natural superdisintegrant To isolate mucilage from the plantago ovata husk powder by pregelatinization method. To prepare priliminary trial batches of repimelts using β cyclodextrin with different ratio of drug and polymer. To evaluate the drug polymer complex and finally which polymer and ratio of drug and polymer is better to formulate final formulation. To achieve taste masking of drug. To prepare preliminary trial batches of rapimelts using plantago ovata mucilage as natural superdisintegrant and crosspovidone as synthetic superdisintegrant by direct compression method. To evaluate the prepared rapimelts for various properties like friability, hardness, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time, drug content, drug etc. Identifying the key variables and their levels for applying factorial design and to optimize one formulation. To evaluate the final batches and find out the optimized batch based on statistical optimization using experimental design. To compare the optimized formulation with marketed preparation. To carry out stability studies of optimized batch as per ICH guidelines. The aim of the present investigation was to Formulate, designed, and evaluates plant agoovata mucilage used as a natural superdisintegrant was to developed and optimized rapimelts containing Metoclopramide HCL.
Keywords: Rapimelt , Superdisintegrant, Rapimelt Super disintegrate, Metaclopramide hydrochloride
Characterization of ctx gene Negative Vibrio fluvialis Organisms Isolated from the Environment
Authors: Biswas Juthi , Jainab Tahsina , Hossain Mahmud , Yasmin Mahmuda , Nessa Jamalun , Ahsan Chowdhury Rafiqul 
Published: February 2020

A total of five Vibrio fluvialis organisms were isolated from the different environmental samples collected from Dhaka, Satkhira and Khulna. All these isolates were confirmed following API 20NE tests. Molecular analysis showed the absence of ctx, toxR, tdh, trh, stx1, and stx2 genes in these organisms. However, culture filtrates and crude proteins prepared from these organisms showed fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loop assay, haemolysis of sheep red blood cess, rounding of BHK-21, HeLa and MDCK cells in cell culture assay, hind limb paralysis and death of mice in mice lethality assay and morphological changes in mouse neuronal cell assay. All these results indicated that the environmental V. fluvialis organisms, may not contain different virulence genes, including the ctx gene. However, the other in vivo and in vitro assays indicate that the toxins produced by the V. fluvialis organisms may contain enterotoxin, haemolysin, cytotoxin and neurotoxin.
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 91-97
Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections (HBV, HCV, HIV and Treponema pallidum in Volunteer Blood Donors in Shirajganj District
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul , Shammi Tahmina , Kabir Md Shahidul 
Published: February 2020

Blood and its components are essential for life and often required to be transfused in critical health condition. However, such transfusion is reported to be associated with the risk of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) with notable pathogens e.g. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum. These pathogens are of major public health concern especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Increase in the number of TTIs is found to be associated with improper management of safe blood transfusion protocol (SBTP) and unethical practices. This study focuses on the prevalence of such TTIs in volunteers’ blood collected between October and December 2018 from Sakhawath Memorial and Avicina Hospitals in Shirajgong district. Prevalence rate of HIV, HBsAg, HCV and Treponema pallidum were 1.2%, 6.8%, 0.8% and 1.6%, respectively. Among the infected individuals, 75% HIV positive cases were professionals, 70% HCV infected cases wwere from other professional groups and 50% of syphilis infected were homemakers. Male donors showed higher incidence rate of HBV (65%), HCV (72%) and HIV (85%) compared to the female donors. Although the findings of the study showed prevalence of TTIs in volunteer blood donors (VBDs) at an alarming rate, most of the infected individuals were not aware of their infections and potential risk of transmission from them. It is necessary to create awareness among blood donors about possible causes of transmission and prevention of infection . Such initiative from both governmental and non-governmental organizations can help reduce TTIs among VBDs.
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 105-109
Concepts juridiques et probabilistes chez Leibniz
Authors: Parmentier Marc 
Published: February 2020

In this paper I investigate Leibniz’s attempt to rationalize jurisprudence — an instance of the contribution of legal concepts to the constitution of probabilistic concepts, which several historians of science have recently brought to light.
I begin my study by comparing Leibniz’s enterprise with the hierarchy of degrees of proof developed during the Middle Ages within the framework of scholarly law. Then I examine his contribution to the rationalization of «random contracts ».
Legal concepts and method are not limited to defining concepts ; they also serve in setting up specific operational techniques of fractioning and composing rights, thereby revealing the essential role of fictions in constituting legal rationality. These techniques, which Leibniz put to use, for instance, in a letter to the philosopher Christian Wolff, published in Acta Eruditorum, make it possible
Les étendues géométriques et la ligne droite de Roberval
Authors: Jullien Vincent 
Published: February 2020

Roberval (1602-1675) a rédigé un traité d’ «Eléments de Géométrie » resté inédit malgré les nombreuses recommandations de l’Académie des sciences. Il y aborde les problèmes des fondements de la géométrie. Reprenant le projet euclidien d’une construction déductive de la géométrie, il se montre critique rigoureux des «faiblesses » du corpus euclidien.
«Tout ce qui peut être démontré doit l’être », répète Roberval qui délaisse le critère cartésien de la vérité intuitive, pour doter ses principes premiers d’un statut hypothétique qui les rapproche de notre conception moderne. Son travail de refondation de la géométrie élémentaire est mené à partir de notions plus primitives encore que celles d’étendue, de point, de ligne, d’égalité... Il s’attache à déployer tout l’édifice géométrique et en particulier l’espace géométrique, à partir des notions d’éloignement, de séparation des parties et de mouvement naturel.
Roberval prend position sur plusieurs thèmes essentiels de l’épistémologie mathématique du XVIIe : la théorie de la définition, le rôle de l’intuition, la place du mouvement en géométrie, le statut et le choix des principes premiers. Ces travaux permettent de mieux mesurer l’importance qu’eut Roberval et l’influence qu’il exerça sur Pascal ou Leibniz notamment. C’est aussi l’occasion de comparer sa manière de retravailler le domaine euclidien à celle qu’avait adoptée C. Clavius au XVIe, ou à celle d’Antoine Arnauld dans ses Nouveaux Eléments de Géométrie.
PENERAPAN GMP DI UNIT PERKEBUNAN KAKAO PTPN XII KENDENG LEMBU BANYUWANGI
Authors: Istianingrum Putri , Widiastuti Yusmia , Barriyah Khairul 
Published: February 2020

Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan perkebunan yang peranannya cukup penting bagi perekonomian nasional. Untuk kesuksesan jangka panjang, perlu memperhatikan tiga hal pokok yang sangat mempengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan produk di pasaran, yaitu harga, ketersediaan, dan mutu.. Untuk mewujudkan sistem mutu dan keamanan pangan, salah satunya adalah dengan Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) atau Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui trend produksi kakao yang dihasilkan selama tahun 2006 – 2016 , penerapan GMP dan GMP prioritas di PTPN XII Kendeng Lembu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan analisa kuantitatif. Untuk pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode survey dan observasi ditunjang dengan data sekunder yang didapat dari instansi terkait. Analisa yang dilakukan adalah dengan Trend dan Forecasting, Penentuan level pelaksanaan GMP, dan Analysis Hierarchy Process. Berdasarkan analisa yang dilakukan, trend kakao edel dirumuskan sebagai Y = 255,028 – 20,750 X, sementara trend kakao bulk dirumuskan Y = -94,910 + 47,357 X. Tingkat pelaksanaan GMP di PTPN XII Kendeng Lembu Banyuwangi secara keseluruhan adalah sebesar 65,95% yang artinya adalah tingkat penerapan komponen dan sub komponen GMP di PTPN XII Kendeng Lembu tergolong agak tinggi. Untuk AHP ada 36,51% sub komponen yang berada dalam kondisi yang kurang optimal sehingga harus ditingkatkan dan diperbaiki Kata kunci : Trend, Good Manufacturing Practice, Kakao
RESPON PETANI TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA DI LAHAN IRIGASI TEKNIS (STUDI KASUS DESA CARAWALI KECAMATAN WATANG PULU KABUPATEN SIDENRENG RAPPANG)
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Ikhsan , Nurhapsa Nurhapsa , Mu’min Syamsi , Suherman Suherman 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the extent of farmers' response to work effectiveness in managing rice farming in technical irrigated land. This research was carried out in the village of Carawali, Watang Pulu Sub-District, Sidenreng Rappang District. The population in this study were paddy farmers in the village of Carawali, Watang Pulu Subdistrict, 311 people in Sidenreng Rappang District. Sampling is done by incidental sampling technique. The types and sources of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data are described with variables in the study consisting of adaptability, work performance, job satisfaction and farmer's work effectiveness with the average value of each respondent's answer. Farmer's response to work effectiveness has an average value of 3.68. The variable adaptability (X1) obtained an average value of respondents' responses of 3.47. For variebal work performance (X2) obtained an average value of 3.62, while the average response of farmers to the variable job satisfaction (X3) obtained a value of 3.51. The ability to self-adjust coefficient (X1) is -0.278, Work Performance (X2) is 1.148, and farmer's job satisfaction (X3) is 0.072. The ability to adapt, work performance, and job satisfaction in Carawali Village, Watang Pulu Subdistrict, Sidenreng Rappang District is in a good category. Adapting ability is negative and signifies a relationship that is opposed to the effectiveness of the farmer's work. Work performance and farmer's job satisfaction are positive and indicate a unidirectional relationship to the work effectiveness of farmers. The variables in the study gave a correlation of 78.3%, this means there are still 21.7% of other variables that affect the effectiveness of farmer performance. Further research is needed on other variables that affect the performance of rice farmers in technical irrigated land. Keywords: adaptability, job satisfaction, Work Effectiveness, work performance.
PERUBAHAN KADAR DEBU UDARA SAAT “CAR FREE DAY” DI SURABAYA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Praneliani Safitri , . Khambali , . Marlik 
Published: February 2020

Level of dust particles (PM10) in Surabaya is the highest in East Java because of the increasing number ofmotor vehicles. To reduce exhaust emissions of motor vehicles which produce dust particles (PM), thegovernment of Indonesia has launched the Langit Biru / Blue Sky program with Car Free Day as one of itsprograms. This study aims to determine differences of air dust level at Car Free Day and non-Car Free Day inDarmo street, Surabaya. The design of research is analytic research. The research object was along Darmostreet. The data werecollected by using survey with cross sectional approach and the data were proceeded the form of editing,tabulation and textular. The results of the study shows that the average temperature, humidity, wind speed and the amount ofdust in the air during the Car Free Day were 28.78 oC, 76.22%, 1.48 m/s and 135 mg/Nm respectively and inthe absence of Car Free Day were 28.55 oC, 77.40%, 1.13 m/s and 388.16 mg/Nm respectively.There was significant difference in the dust level (PM103100 3) in the air during the Car Free Day and Non Car Free Day. It is advisable for the government to consider changing the technical implementation of the Car Free Day such as adding more day.Keywords : Dust particles (PM), Car Free Day, Air Pollution
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH IKAN DAN SISA MAKANAN UNTUK PELET PAKAN IKAN DI WISATA DELTA FISHING SIDOARJO
Authors: Rahayu Siska Desti , Nurmayanti Demes , Rokhmalia Fitri 
Published: February 2020

Delta Fishing is a fishing ponds and family recreation areas located in Sidoarjo Regency. Activities at Delta Fishing generate untreated fish wastes and food leftovers, leading to problems such as odor around the site. The purpose of this study was to utilize fish wastes and leftovers* for fish feed pellets in Delta Fishing of Sidoarjo Regency. This study was a pre-experiment using the posttest-only design. Objects were subjected to several treatments and pretests by utilizing the fish wastes and leftovers as raw materials for the manufacture of fish feed pellets for gouramis of 5-15 cm in size. Each sample treatment was replicated 5 times and subjected to laboratory tests to determine the contents of protein in the fish pellets. Results showed that the fish pellets made from fish wastes had an average protein content of 59.2% and those made from leftovers had 32%. There was a difference in the average protein content of pellets made from fish wastes and those made from leftovers with a p-value of (0.000 <0.05). Conclusion of this study, fish pellets with good protein contents derived from leftovers with a protein content of 32%, in contrast to those made from fish wastes with a protein content of 59.2%. The management of Delta Fishing is recommended to use the findings of the present study to evaluate and solve waste generation that may lead to the inconvenience of visitors and residents around Delta Fishing. Keywords : Fish wastes and leftovers, fish pellets.
PENURUNAN KADAR Hg PADA IKAN BELANAK (Mugil dussumieri) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FILTRAT TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum) 2017
Authors: Azizah Nia Nur , . Narwati , Suryono Hadi 
Published: February 2020

Ikan belanak merupakan hasil laut yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Salah satu perairan yang banyak ditemukan ikan belanak adalah pantai kenjeran surabaya. Perairan pantai kenjeran surabaya telah tercemar logam berat merkuri ( Hg ) oleh limbah industri dan rumah tangga sehingga biota yang hidup dalam perairan tersebut juga terkontaminasi merkuri ( Hg ). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan lama waktu perendaman larutan filtrat tomat konsentrasi 50 % terhadap kadar merkuri dalam ikan belanak.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan one group pretest posttest design dengan empat perlakuan yaitu lama waktu perendaman 60 menit, 90 menit, 120 menit, 150 menit dalam larutan filtrat tomat 50 %. Peneliti menggunakan uji paired t test dan uji anova untuk menganalisis penelitian ini.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar rata-rata Hg sebelum perlakuan adalah 0,014 mg / kg. Setelah perlakuan, penurunan Hg pada lama waktu perendaman 60 menit sebesar 14 %, 90 menit sebesar 22 %, 120 menit sebesar 64 %, dan 150 menit sebesar 86 %Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh lama waktu perendaman filtrat tomat terhadap penurunan kadar logam berat Hg dalam ikan belanak. Disarankan kepada orang untuk merendam bahan makanan sebelum konsumsi dengan menggunakan tomat filtrat karena bisa mengurangi kadar logam berat Hg. Kata Kunci : Ikan Belanak, Logam Berat Hg, Filtrat Tomat
DISTRIBUSI PENYEBARAN JENIS TIKUS DAN PINJAL DI WILAYAH FOKUS PES
Authors: Hilal N Wahyu , . Ngadino , . Koerniasari 
Published: February 2020

Pes merupakan penyakit zoonosis dari tikus yang dapat ditularkan kepada manusia melalui gigitan pinjal yang mengandung bakteri Yersinia pestis. Jenis pinjal yang dikenal sebagai vektor Pes antara lain pinjal tikus yaitu Xenopsylla cheopis, Neopsylla sondaica, Stivalius cognatus dan pinjal manusia Pulex irritans. Pada daerah fokus Pes kepadatan pinjal dan tikus perlu diwaspadai, agar tidak terjadi peningkatan kasus Pes. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui distribusi penyebaran jenis tikus dan pinjal di daerah fokus Pes.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan Observasional. Obyek penelitian yaitu tikus dan pinjal di wilayah Dusun Surorowo, Desa Kayukebek, Kecamatan Tutur, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Dimana pengumpulan data jenis tikus dan pinjal tersebut akan dipetakan dengan cara peletakan perangkap hidup (live trap) sebagai titik koordinat sampel.Jenis spesies tikus yang tertangkap adalah R.tanezumi 74,57 %, Rattus tiomanicus 6,78%, Rattus exulans 18,65%. Didapatkan dua jenis Pinjal yang didapatkan, yaitu Xenopsylla cheopis sebanyak 68 ekor, Stivalius cognatus 16 ekor. Dengan hasil infestasi pinjal sebesar 54,23%, indeks pinjal umum total sebesar 1,42 dan indeks pinjal khusus sebesar 1,15 yang terbilang tinggi. Tingginya jenis tikus pada wilayah pemukiman tersebut dikarenakan melimpahnya sumber makanan dan kondisi lingkungan yang sesuai.Berdasarkan hasil dan kendala yang dihadapi selama pengambilan data jenis tikus dan pinjal paling tinggi berada di wilayah pemukiman. Saran yang dapat diberikan dari penelitian ini antara lain adanya penelitian mengenai hubungan kondisi rumah,terhadap penyebaran induk semang penyakit pes. Kata kunci : Penyebaran, Tikus, Pinjal, Pes
KEBERADAAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA AIR KOLAM RENANG UMUM
Authors: Wahyuningtias Indah , Sunarko Bambang , Rustanti EW Iva 
Published: February 2020

One indicator of swimming pool water pollution is the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria. Factors can caused the presence of Escherichia coli in pool water are the levels of residual chlorine, the visitors who dispose of metabolic waste (sweat, urine) in pool water and disinfection of pool that were not done properly. This study analyzes the quality of swimming pool water seen from the presence of Escherichia coli in public pool water. This study was an observational analytic that use a cross sectional research design. The sample used were public swimming pool located in the Sukodono Health Center working area with total of pools were 10, and with Fisher's exact test. The results showed that main factor affecting the presence of Escherichia coli in pool water was residual chlorine content with a p-value of 0.019 which means that there was a difference number of Escherichia coli in swimming pools containing residual chlorine and in pool water that didn’t contain residual chlorine.This study concluded that there were differences in the number of Escherichia coli bacteria in pool water containing residual chlorine and in pool water that did not contain residual chlorine. To keep the remaining chlorine in pool water in accordance with Permenkes No. 32 of 2017, pool managers should routinely check the remaining chlorine and do chlorination regularly. Keywords: Escherichia coli, residual chlor, swimming pool
Simple, Double and Isoclinic Rotations with a Viable Algorithm
Authors: ERDOĞDU Melek , ÖZDEMİR Mustafa 
Published: February 2020

The main topic of this study is to investigate rotation matrices in four dimensional Euclidean space in two different ways. The first of these ways is Rodrigues formula and the second is Cayley formula.The most important common point of both formulas is the use of skew symmetric matrices. However, depending on the skew symmetric matrix used, it is possible to classify the rotation matrices by both formulas. Therefore, it is also revealed how the rotation matrices obtained by both formulas are classified as simple, doubleor isoclinic rotation. Eigenvalues of skew symmetric matrices play the major role in this classification. With the use of all results, it is also seen which skew symmetric matrix is obtained from a given rotation matrix by Rodrigues and Cayley formula, respectively. Finally, an algorithm for classification of rotations is given with the help of the obtained datas and explained with an example.
An Assessment of the Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices of Inpatient Fall Prevention
Authors: LE Quang-Tri , Tran-Thi Huong-Giang , Tran Minh-Kha 
Published: February 2020

Purposes: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to evaluate the knowledge and practices of fall prevention among nurses in four departments in 7A Military Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Subjects and methods: Sixty-two nurses in four departments were chosen to fulfill pre-designed questionnaires, and their daily fall preventive practices were observed.
Results: There were 40.3% of nurses achieve good knowledge of fall prevention. In practice, 22.5% of nurses had proper compliance, and 77.4% had not. 82.3% of nurses claimed to update fall prevention knowledge often, and 87.1% demanded training for fall prevention. Nurses in the surgical department group had more knowledge of fall prevention than nurses in the internal medicine group of departments (68.7% vs. 10.0%, p<0.05). Female nurses had higher fall risk compliances than males (78.3% vs. 37.5%, P<0.05).
Conclusion: Training for nurses in fall preventive knowledge and practices are needed in 7A Military Hospital.
Keywords: fall preventive; nurses; questionnaires; risk compliances.
Mass Accretion toward Black Holes in the Final Phase of Galaxy Mergers
Authors: Kawaguchi Takeru , Yutani Naomichi , Wada Keiichi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We studied the final phases of galactic mergers, focusing on interactions between supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the interstellar medium in a central subkiloparsec region, using an N-body/hydrodynamics code. We observed that the mass accretion rate to one SMBH (107
M
⊙) exceeds the Eddington accretion rate when the distance between two black holes (BHs) rapidly decreases. However, this rapid accretion phase does not last for more than 107 yr, and it drops to ∼10% of the Eddington rate in the quasi-steady accretion phase. The second merger event enhances the mass accretion to the BHs; however, this phase takes place on a similar timescale to the first merger event. We also found that the active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback and the mass accretion to BHs can coexist in the central region of merged galaxies, if the amount of feedback energy is given as

, where

is the accretion rate to r = 1 pc. The accretion rate is suppressed by ∼1/50 in the quasi-steady accretion phase for

. The fraction of the gas that finally falls to each BH is approximately 5%–7% of the supplied total gas mass (108
M
⊙), and 15%–20% of the gas forms a circumnuclear gas inside 100 pc. This remnant gas heavily obscures the luminous phase of the AGNs during merger events, and the moderate AGN feedback does not alter this property.