bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-cigarette Marketing Regulations and Youth Vaping: Cross-Sectional Surveys, 2017–2019
Authors: Hammond David , Reid Jessica L. , Burkhalter Robin , Rynard Vicki L. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:
Increased electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among young people is often attributed to industry marketing practices; however, the effectiveness of regulations that limit e-cigarette advertising and promotions has yet to be examined. New federal legislation that liberalized the Canadian e-cigarette market in May 2018, along with differences in provincial regulations, provides an opportunity to examine the impact of regulatory restrictions on e-cigarette marketing.

METHODS:
Repeat cross-sectional surveys of 12 004 16- to 19-year-olds in Canada, completed online in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Logistic regression models were used to examine differences over time in exposure to e-cigarette marketing and e-cigarette use, including between provinces with differing strengths of marketing restrictions.

RESULTS:
The percentage of youth surveyed who reported noticing e-cigarette promotions often or very often approximately doubled between 2017 and 2019 (13.6% vs 26.0%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.97–2.56). Overall exposure to marketing was generally more prevalent in provinces with fewer regulatory restrictions. Respondents who reported noticing marketing often or very often were more likely to report vaping in the past 30 days (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.23–1.62), past week (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.22–1.70), and ≥20 days in the past month (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.11–1.81, P = .005). Provinces with low restrictions on marketing had higher prevalence of vaping in the past 30 days (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.25–1.80, P &lt; .001), and in the past week (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.33–2.05, P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to marketing and the prevalence of vaping increased among Canadian youth after the liberalization of the e-cigarette market in 2018. Comprehensive provincial restrictions on e-cigarette marketing were associated with lower levels of exposure to marketing and lower prevalence of e-cigarette use.
Accelerating Ranking in E-Commerce Search Engines through Contextual Factor Selection
Authors: Zeng Anxiang , Yu Han , Da Qing , Zhan Yusen , Miao Chunyan 
Published: June 2020

In large-scale search systems, the quality of the ranking results is continually improved with the introduction of more factors from complex procedures. Meanwhile, the increase in factors demands more computation resources and increases system response latency. It has been observed that, under some certain context a search instance may require only a small set of useful factors instead of all factors in order to return high quality results. Therefore, removing ineffective factors accordingly can significantly improve system efficiency. In this paper, we report our experience incorporating our Contextual Factor Selection (CFS) approach into the Taobao e-commerce platform to optimize the selection of factors based on the context of each search query in order to simultaneously achieve high quality search results while significantly reducing latency time. This problem is treated as a combinatorial optimization problem which can be tackled through a sequential decision-making procedure. The problem can be efficiently solved by CFS through a deep reinforcement learning method with reward shaping to address the problems of reward signal scarcity and wide reward signal distribution in real-world search engines. Through extensive off-line experiments based on data from the Taobao.com platform, CFS is shown to significantly outperform state-of-the-art approaches. Online deployment on Taobao.com demonstrated that CFS is able to reduce average search latency time by more than 40% compared to the previous approach with negligible reduction in search result quality. Under peak usage during the Single's Day Shopping Festival (November 11th) in 2017, CFS reduced peak load search latency time by 33% compared to the previous approach, helping Taobao.com achieve 40% higher revenue than the same period during 2016.

Corrigendum

The spelling of coauthor Yusen Zan in the paper "Accelerating Ranking in E-Commerce Search Engines through Contextual Factor Selection" has been changed from Zan to Zhan. The original spelling was a typographical error.
How to diagnose and treat post‐stroke seizures and epilepsy
Authors: Zelano Johan , Holtkamp Martin , Agarwal Nivedita , Lattanzi Simona , Trinka Eugen , Brigo Francesco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStroke is one of the commonest causes of seizures and epilepsy, mainly among the elderly and adults. This seminar paper aims to provide an updated overview of post‐stroke seizures and post‐stroke epilepsy (PSE) and offers clinical guidance to anyone involved in the treatment of patients with seizures and stroke. The distinction between acute symptomatic seizures occurring within seven days from stroke (early seizures) and unprovoked seizures occurring afterwards (late seizures) is crucial regarding their different risks of recurrence. A single late post‐stroke seizure carries a risk of recurrence as high as 71.5% (95% confidence interval: 59.7–81.9) at ten years and is diagnostic of PSE. Several clinical and stroke characteristics are associated with increased risk of post‐stroke seizures and PSE. So far, there is no evidence supporting the administration of antiepileptic drugs as primary prevention, and evidence regarding their use in PSE is scarce.
Calidad de vida en el trabajo de personal de enfermería en clínicas de servicios de salud
Authors: González Ayala Margarita Tayde , López García Maria del Carmen 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de calidad de vida laboral en personal de enfermería de una institución de tercer nivel de atención en salud en la Ciudad de México.
Métodos: La población estuvo integrada por personal de enfermería de la unidad de hospitalización, la muestra fue aleatoria por conveniencia y quedó integrada por 50 enfermeros. Para evaluar la calidad de vida laboral se aplicó el cuestionario CVL-GOHISALO al cual se agregaron ítems de variables sociodemográficas.
Resultados: Cuatro de siete dimensiones evaluadas, resultaron con nivel de calidad de vida laboral baja: integración al puesto de trabajo, satisfacción por el trabajo, bienestar logrado a través del trabajo y administración del tiempo libre.
Conclusión: En general la calidad de vida laboral es media-baja, y aumenta la insatisfacción por el soporte institucional conforme al tipo de contrato.
An audit and clinicopathological study of fibroepithelial lesions of the breast at a tertiary care centre and comparison with WHO grading
Authors: Yadav Deepti , Meel Mukta , Hemrajani Deepika , Mittal Aarti , Mathur Kusum 
Published: June 2020

Background: Mammary fibroepithelial lesions encompass a wide spectrum of tumors ranging from an indolent fibroadenoma to potentially fatal malignant phyllodes tumor (PT). The criteria used for their classification based on morphological assessment are often challenging to apply and there is no consensus as to what constitutes an adequate resection margin. The aims of the study were to study histopathological spectrum of fibroepithelial lesions of breast at tertiary care centre, to stratify and classify various fibroepithelial lesions into fibroadenomas and PT, reclassify all confirmed cases of PT seen in the study period according to standard histopathological WHO criteria.Methods: Records and slides of fibroepithelial lesions of the breast received at the department between January 2016 and August 2019 were retrieved and reviewed.Results: A total 891 fibroepithelial lesions of breast were diagnosed during this duration. Out of these, 826 (92.7%) were fibroadenoma and its variants, 34 (3.8%) cases were of fibroadenomatoid mastopathy and 31(3.5%) were PT. Among all PT, 8 (25.8%) were borderline and 4 (12.9%) were malignant, rest (61.3%) were benign.Conclusions: Fibroepithelial tumours of the breast are a heterogenous group of lesions ranging from fibroadenoma at the benign end of the spectrum to malignant PT. There are overlapping histologic features among various subtypes, and transformation and progression to a more malignant phenotype may also occur. Given the significant clinical differences within various subtypes, accurate pathologic classification is important for appropriate management. Although some immunohistochemical markers may be useful in this differential diagnosis, histomorphology still remains the gold standard.
Current scenario of tracheostomy: our experience
Authors: Sachdeva Kavita , Hansdah Rashmi 
Published: June 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tracheostomy is an important surgical procedure done by ENT surgeons. In this study we have assessed the indications and complications encountered during tracheostomy and decannulation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients undergoing tracheostomy by the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery between 1st January and 31st December 2015 in a tertiary care hospital in Central India were included in the study. The various indications of tracheostomy along with the complications encountered and decannulation following tracheostomy were studied. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, most commonly (22%) tracheostomies were performed in young (31-40) years, male (73%) patients. This included 79% elective and 21% emergency tracheostomies. The indications of tracheostomy were retained secretions 61%, laryngopharyngeal obstruction 21%, and respiratory insufficiency 19%. 21 intra-operative complications included bleeding (18% cases) and apnoea (3% cases). Wound infection 19%; subcutaneous emphysema 10%; tube block 6% and haemorrhage 2% constituted 37 immediate post-operative complications. 17 late post-operative complications included stoma stenosis 9%; granuloma formation 4% and trachea-oesophageal fistula and aspiration 2% each. 33% of total patients were decannulated easily.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In conclusion we found that elective tracheostomy is associated with lower morbidity and mortality and strapping of tracheostomy site is an easy, safe and effective method of tracheostomy closure in properly selected patients.</p>
Estrés, respuestas emocionales, factores de riesgo, psicopatología y manejo del personal de salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Muñoz Fernández Sergio Ignacio , Molina Valdespino Diana , Ochoa Palacios Rosalba , Sánchez Guerrero Oscar , Esquivel Acevedo Juan Antonio 
Published: June 2020

ANTECEDENTES: El nuevo coronavirus SARS-Cov-2, causante de la pandemia por COVID-19, afecta al personal de salud por la repercusión emocional que implica enfrentarse a situaciones complejas y estresantes que retan los mecanismos de regulación emocional y capacidad de adaptación a la vida cotidiana para mantener un estado de salud mental óptimo. OBJETIVO: Describir las reacciones emocionales esperadas ante COVID-19, los factores individuales protectores y de riesgo, la patología psiquiátrica y las distintas intervenciones que pueden efectuarse en apoyo de las diversas reacciones. CONCLUSIONES: Para los trabajadores de la salud, la pandemia por COVID-19 es un factor de riesgo de problemas de salud mental que requiere evaluación y atención oportuna.
Communist human models promoted by the Romanian history textbooks
Authors: Alexandrache Carmen 
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes a historical approach of Romanian communist education as it is reflected in the textbooks edited in the second part of XX century. For communist regime the textbooks, especially history ones became a tool of promotion political principles. There are many pictures, texts, exercises, additional readings which offer enough examples about what behaviour ought to be (non)appreciated and manifested by students, what they have to feel, to act or not. Also, scientific contents of textbook transmit to students a set of beliefs and values even if the teacher do not intend to focus on them. In this way, history textbook could be a perfect promoter of communist thinking and lifestyle. In addition, the textbook narrates about some â€žheroesâ€ and their acts, gestures, political and military victories. Talking about them, it is a good way to promote those personalities that could become â€žmodelsâ€ for younger generation. Using theoretical research methodology, we have structured human models, as they had presented in the history textbooks, placing them into a communist human typology. As a result, this paper demonstrates that the textbooks have been important ideological tools, having a bigger impact to students' consciousness and behaviour.

Keywords: Education; communist ideology; human models; textbooks; history;
Social Justice and Converging Theories: Library Service for Those with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD)
Authors: Conner Matthew , Plocharczyk Leah 
Published: June 2020

While libraries have sought to advance diversity in their services, they have yet to engage a specific population which tests the limits of the profession’s capabilities and the scope of its mission. Those with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD) combine the categories of learning and physical disabilities and demand the highest level of support. But the impediments to reading imposed by their cognitive condition make it difficult for them to access the library’s materials. Beset by funding shortages and systemic change, what are libraries to do? This study examines how convergent trends in educational theory and practice as well as grass-roots initiatives have created new possibilities for library services to this population. The study reviews these trends as well as a case study to suggest that libraries have much of what they need in their traditional programming and training when combined with a deeper understanding of the dynamics of social justice.
Efisiensi Penggunaan Imunostimulan dalam Pakan Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan, Respon Imun dan Kelulushidupan Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Darwantin Ken , Sidik Romziah 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak Pemberian Pakan buatan berimunostimulan dari protein membran imunogenik Zoothamnium penaei merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan penyakit pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei), karena penggunaan antibiotik maupun bahan kimia lain belum memenuhi target. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan imunostimulan dalam pakan terhadap laju pertumbuhan, peningkatkan respon imun dan kelulushidupan udang vaname. Metode penelitian dari penelitian ini adalah eksperimen laboratorik dengan pemberian pakan buatan berimunostimulan dari protein membran imunogenik Zoothamnium penaei dengan dosis 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan berimunostimulan dapat meningkatkan respons imun dan kelulushidupan udang vaname tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap laju pertumbuhan. Total Haemocyte Count (THC) dan Diferrensial Haemocyte Cout (DHC) sama-sama tertinggi terjadi pada udang vaname yang diberi pakan buatan berimunostimulan dengan dosis 10% yaitu sebesar 59,3000 sel/ml dan 14,4875% dengan kelulushidupan tertinggi sebesar 37,50% serta laju pertumbuhan sebesar 0,2108. Pemberian pakan buatan berimunostimulan dengan dosis 10% memberikan pengaruh yang nyata dan merupakan dosis optimum untuk meningkatkan respon imun dan kelulushidupan, walaupun tidak dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan udang. Kata kunci: Udang vaname (Lithopenaeus vannamei), Imunostimulan, Respon imun (THC, DHC), Kelulushidupan, Laju Pertumbuhan
Blood Description, Parasite Investation and Survival Rate Of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Which Is Exposed By Spore Protein Myxobolus koi On Rearing Pond as Immunostimulan Material
Authors: Syafar Laode Abdul 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTThis research is an experimental research to determine the effect of spore protein Myxobolus koi on grass carp (Cyprinus carpio) in rearing pond. The sample used is grass carp (Cyprinus carpio) 90 fish (10-15 cm). Spore protein used in this research is Myxobolus koi spore protein, that has been found by predecessor researchers and has been tested in laboratory as immunostimulan. The exposure was done orally, mixed in the feed, with a dose of 2 μg / gram dose of protein, feeded 1 time before being reared for 30 days. Parameters measured were: (1) leucocytes description (differentiated leucocytes of carp, (2) Parasitic infestation in carp and (3) Survival Rate / SR of carp were reared on pond for 30 days. The collected data is analyzed descriptively.The results showed that there was alteration of leukocytes description (differential leukocytes) in carp (Cyprinus carpio) as an indicator of the immune response. A leukocyte differential examination showed that exposure to the Myxobolus koi spore protein, The highest total lymphocytes occurred in carp exposed to Myxobolus koi spores protein and reared from pond in Mojokerto, were 77.6%, Monocytes of 16.3%, Heterophyll 14.4%, Eosinophils 7.6% and Basofil 0.4%. The highest infestation of Myxobolus koi occurred in fish that was not exposed to spore protein was 53.33% after 30 days of reared at pond, while parasitic infestation in fish exposed to spore protein was only 16.66%. Survival rate of carp indicated that the highest occurred in carp that exposed with spore protein and reared from pond in Mojokerto, equal to 90%.Myxobolus koi spore protein exposure given orally can makes alteration of leukocytes description (differential leukocytes), Decreased parasite infestation and increased survival of carp fish reared for 30 days, with the result that Myxobolus koi spore protein can be developed as an immunostimulant material.Keyword: Myxobolus koi, Cyprinus carpio, spore protein, immunostimulant, infestation
Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Perubahan Morfologi dari Propionibacterium Acnes Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Curcuma Xanthorrhiza
Authors: Zahrah Halimatus , Mustika Arifa , Debora Kartuti 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakPenatalaksanaan utama pada masalah akne vulgaris adalah penggunaaan antibotik baik topikal maupun oral. Akan tetapi penggunaan antibiotik dinilai telah menimbulkan dugaan resistensi terhadap P. acnes sebagai agent penyebab akne sehingga mendorong berbagai pihak untuk mengembangkan preparat antiinflamasi yang dapat diberikan topical ataupun sistemik. Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. memiliki senyawa utama xanthorrizol yang dinilai potensial untuk dikembangan sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar hambat minimum dan kadar bunuh minimum serta perubahan struktur dinding sel dari Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes. Desain penelitian yang di gunakan adalah eksperimen dengan sampel P. acnes berupa isolate stock culture (ATCC® 11827™) yang selanjutnya ditumbuhkan pada media MHA. Jumlah replikasi yang digunakan sebanyak 4 ulangan. Konsentrasi ekstrak Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. masing-masing 6,25 µg/ml, 12,5 µg/ml, 25 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml dan 100 µg/ml. Pengukuran aktivitas antibakteri didasrkan pada KHM, KBM dan pengamatan struktur dinding sel bakteri melalui metode Microscop Electron Screening (MES). Pemberian ekstrak Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri P. acnes secara in vitro. Konsentrasi ekstrak 25 µg/ml merupakan kadar minimum yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan P.acnes melalui dilusi cair, sedangkan konsentrasi minimal yang mampu membunuh P.acnes adalah 50 µg/ml. Bakteri P. acnes yang dipapar dengan ekstrak etanol Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. mengalami perubahan morfologi berupa timbulnya dinding sel kasar kasar akibat penyusutan serta adanya dinding sel yang hancur sehingga sitoplasma keluar dan tampak seperti meleleh. Respon daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri yang dihasilkan Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. dipengaruhi oleh senyawa aktif yang terkandung didalamnya seperti minyak atsiri, alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, kurkuminoid dan terpenoid. Kandungan xanthorrizol yang dimiliki mampu menghambat pertumbuhan P.acnes mampu merusak aktivitas enzim sel, selain itu kandungan Curcuminoid turut berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan cara mendenaturasi dan merusak membran sel sehingga proses metabolisme sel terganggu Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, Akne vulgaris, Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb., MES
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MELAKUKAN PERTOLONGAN PERTAMA PADA KECELAKAAN SISWA SMU DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH UMUM MELALUI METODE SIMULASI DAN ROLE PLAY
Authors: Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Makhfudli Makhfudli , Laili Nadia Rohmatul , Sukartini Tintin , Wahyuni Erna Dwi , Yasmara Deni 
Published: June 2020

Pendahuluan: Kecamatan Cerme merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Gresik dengan angka kejadian kecelakaan yang cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan daerah lain. Kecelakaan ini memerlukan bantuan dan penanganan awal yang bisa dilakukan oleh orang awam, termasuk siswa SMU untuk mengurangi angka kecacatan dan kematian. SMU Muhammadiyah 8 dan SMK Muhammadiyah 3 berlokasi di tepi jalan raya dimana kecelakaan lalu lintas tersebut sering terjadi, namun pihak sekolah mengungkapkan belum bisa memberikan bantuan karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam memberikan pertolongan pertama. Dengan demikian diperlukan suatu strategi untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam memberikan bantuan atau pertolongan pertama, yaitu melalui pengabdian masyarakat dalam rangka peningkatan kemampuan siswa SMU di Kabupaten Gresik dalam memberikan bantuan hidup dasar. Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan melalui pemberian edukasi melalui simulasi dan bermain peran (role play) kepada para siswa. Alasan dari pemilihan metode ini adalah karena siswa SMU pada dasarnya lebih menyukai pembelajaran partisipatif dibandingkan dengan ceramah. Pembelajaran simulasi akan memberi siswa kesempatan untuk belajar secara langsung melalui melihat, mempraktikkan, serta bermain peran cara melakukan pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan atau memberikan bantuan hidup dasar. Dengan demikian diharapkan para siswa akan mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan dalam penanganan kecelakaan. Hasil: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat menghasilkan perubahan yang sesuai dengan target luaran yang telah ditetapkan yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan siswa tentang pertolongan pertama pada korban kecelakaan, meliputi tindakan bantuan hidup dasar, bebat bidai, dan transportasi khusus untuk orang awam. Kesimpulan: Pemberian edukasi melalui simulasi dan bermain peran dalam pengabdian masyarakat pada siswa SMU di Wilayah Kabupaten Gresik meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan siswa akan pemberian pertolongan pertama pada korban kecelakaan.
Parameter Iklim sebagai Indikator Peringatan Dini Serangan Hama Penyakit Tanaman
Authors: Susanti Erni , Surmaini Elza , Estiningtyas Woro 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Efek negatif pemanasan global akan mempengaruhi sebagian besar organisme hidup termasuk hama penyakit tanaman. Variabel iklim seperti suhu, curah hujan, kelembaban, dan atmosfer gas akan berinteraksi dengan makhluk hidup/tanaman dengan berbagai cara dengan mekanisme yang beragam. Perubahan suhu dan konsentrasi CO2 mempengaruhi mahkluk hidup/tanaman secara langsung dalam hal jaringan dan alokasi fotosintesis organ spesifik dan secara tidak langsung melalui perubahan distribusi geografis dan dinamika populasi hama penyakit tanaman. Peningkatan suhu akan menyebabkan serangga/hama menjadi lebih berlimpah, ada kaitan kuat antara ledakan (outbreak) hama penyakit tanaman dengan variabiltas iklim. Model hubungan parameter iklim dengan serangan hama penyakit tanaman dapat digunakan sebagai teknologi adaptasi peringatan dini untuk mencegah terjadinya serangan hama penyakit tanaman, agar kehilangan hasil tanaman dapat ditekan. Konsep tulisan ini adalah pentingnya membangun peringatan dini serangan OPT berbasis model persamaan iklim dengan serangan OPT, sehingga data prediksi iklim dapat dimanfaatkan, dan kehilangan hasil akibat serangan OPT dapat ditekan. Selain itu agar sistem dapat berkembang dan berkisinambungan pembangunan sistem peringatan dini perlu integrasi beberapa instansi terkait, yaitu Kementerian Pertanian dan Universitas sebagai penyusun model prediksi dan BMKG sebagai penyedia data prediksi iklimnya.</p>