bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of the impact of postoperative infective complications on oncological outcomes in colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Lawler J , Choynowski M , Bailey K , Bucholc M , Johnston A , Sugrue M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Cancer outcomes are complex, involving prevention, early detection and optimal multidisciplinary care. Postoperative infection and surgical site-infection (SSI) are not only uncomfortable for patients and costly, but may also be associated with poor oncological outcomes. A meta-analysis was undertaken to assess the oncological effects of SSI in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
An ethically approved PROSPERO-registered meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for studies published between 2007 and 2017 reporting the effects of postoperative infective complications on oncological survival in colorectal cancer. Results were separated into those for SSI and those concerning anastomotic leakage. Articles with a Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies score of at least 18 were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 per cent confidence intervals were computed for risk factors using an observed to expected and variance fixed-effect model.

Results
Of 5027 articles were reviewed, 43 met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 154 981 patients. Infective complications had significant negative effects on overall survival (HR 1·37, 95 per cent c.i. 1·28 to 1·46) and cancer-specific survival (HR 2·58, 2·15 to 3·10). Anastomotic leakage occurred in 7·4 per cent and had a significant negative impact on disease-free survival (HR 1·14, 1·09 to 1·20), overall survival (HR 1·34, 1·28 to 1·39), cancer-specific survival (HR 1·43, 1·31 to 1·55), local recurrence (HR 1·18, 1·06 to 1·32) and overall recurrence (HR 1·46, 1·27 to 1·68).

Conclusion
This meta-analysis identified a significant negative impact of postoperative infective complications on overall and cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.
Comparative profiles of DNA methylation and differential gene expression in osteocytic areas from aged and young mice
Authors: Wei Yu , Fu Jiayao , Wu Wenjing , Wu Junhua 
Published: June 2020

Altered DNA methylation upon ageing may result in many age‐related diseases such as osteoporosis. However, the changes in DNA methylation that occur in cortical bones, the major osteocytic areas, remain unknown. In our study, we extracted total DNA and RNA from the cortical bones of 6‐month‐old and 24‐month‐old mice and systematically analysed the differentially methylated regions (DMRs), differentially methylated promoters (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the mouse groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the DMR‐related genes revealed that they were mainly associated with metabolic signalling pathways, including glycolysis, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Other genes with DMRs were related to signalling pathways that regulate the growth and development of cells, including the PI3K‐AKT, Ras and Rap1 signalling pathways. The gene expression profiles indicated that the DEGs were mainly involved in metabolic pathways and the PI3K‐AKT signalling pathway, and the profiles were verified through real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR). Due to the pivotal roles of the affected genes in maintaining bone homeostasis, we suspect that these changes may be key factors in age‐related bone loss, either together or individually. Our study may provide a novel perspective for understanding the osteocyte and its relationship with osteoporosis during ageing.Significance of the studyOur study identified age‐related changes in gene expressions in osteocytic areas through whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA‐seq, providing new theoretical foundations for the targeted treatment of senile osteoporosis.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Onaka Takashi , Iwai Fumie , Kato‐Ogura Aiko , Yonezawa Akihito 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis is the first report of a case of COVID‐19 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Our case suggests that COVID‐19 may exist without characteristic CT images, especially in immunocompromised hosts, such as patients after transplantation.
Challenges and Strategies for Fast Charge of Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Sheng S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLong charging time for Li‐ion batteries is a critical obstacle for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, especially when compared with the rapid refueling of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. Fast charging results in accelerated performance degradation and low energy efficiency for Li‐ion batteries. The batteries adopted in the present electric vehicle market are mainly based on chemistry consisting of a graphite anode and a layered lithium transition‐metal oxide cathode. The fast‐charging capability of such batteries is limited by Li plating on the graphite anode and structural instability of the layered lithium transition‐metal oxide cathode. In this Minireview, the challenges and possible solutions to these fast charge problems are reviewed at both the materials and cell levels.
Covalent Post‐Assembly Modification: A Synthetic Multipurpose Tool in Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Zeng Haoxiang , Stewart‐Yates Luke , Casey Louis M. , Bampos Nick , Roberts Derrick A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe use of covalent post‐assembly modification (PAM) in supramolecular chemistry has grown significantly in recent years, to the point where PAM is now a versatile synthesis tool for tuning, modulating, and expanding the functionality of self‐assembled complexes and materials. PAM underpins supramolecular template‐synthesis strategies, enables modular derivatization of supramolecular assemblies, permits the covalent ‘locking’ of unstable structures, and can trigger controlled structural transformations between different assembled morphologies. This Review discusses key examples of PAM spanning a range of material classes, including discrete supramolecular complexes, self‐assembled soft nanostructures and hierarchically ordered polymeric and framework materials. As such, we hope to highlight how PAM has continued to evolve as a creative and functional addition to the synthetic chemist's toolbox for constructing bespoke self‐assembled complexes and materials.
Analysis of monitoring data where butterflies fly year‐round
Authors: Comay Orr , Ben Yehuda Oz , Benyamini Dubi , Schwartz‐Tzachor Racheli , Pe'er Israel , Melochna Tal , Pe’er Guy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractButterfly Monitoring Schemes (BMSs) engage the public in conservation and provide data sets that cover broad geographical areas over long timescales. Most existing BMSs are in temperate climates; however, the Israeli Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (BMS‐IL), established in 2009, is a notable exception as it encompasses a large climatic gradient from Euro‐Siberian through Mediterranean to hyper‐arid regions. Israel’s climate poses challenges in analyzing data from year‐round butterfly activity, as in other tropical or arid countries. The Regional Generalized Additive Model (Regional GAM) is a butterfly phenology and abundance model based on repeat visits throughout species’ flight season. We tested the applicability of Regional GAM for species with complex flight seasonality (e.g., multivoltine) by comparing estimated abundance and seasonal indices for the full data set and rarefied subsets. We assessed the reliability of modeled flight seasons and compared abundance estimates per site resulting from biologically plausible and unreliable seasonal models. The reliability of Regional GAM rises with the number of observations, and the model tends to produce more biologically plausible models for species with simple phenologies (e.g., univoltine with a single peak in activity). Abundance estimates based on unreliable models produce values with inter‐quartile ranges of 90%–153% compared with biologically plausible models, while peak time changes with an interquartile range of 0–22.5 d when comparing all rarefied models with the full data set. Regional GAM should be applied with great caution for rare species and those with a complex flight season, and the date of year start needs to be carefully chosen for species that are active year‐round. We identified the key sources of error and propose an operational workflow to address them. With few adaptations, Regional GAM can support new BMSs in analyzing data where butterflies are active year‐round, including tropical climates. We propose guidelines for analyzing BMS data for species or regions with long activity periods and complex phenologies.
PV output forecasting by deep Boltzmann machines with SS‐PPBSO
Authors: Ogawa Shota , Mori Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes an efficient method for photovoltaic (PV) system output forecasting by deep Boltzmann machines (DBM) with scatter search‐predator‐prey brain storm optimization (SS‐PPBSO). DBM plays a key role to extract features of input variables while SS‐PPBSO is a new evolutionary computation that combines PPBSO with scatter search. In recent years, as renewable energy, PV systems are positively introduced into power network in Japan so that power system operation becomes complicated due to the uncertainty. To overcome this challenge, it is required to forecast PV outputs that are influenced by weather conditions significantly. This paper proposes a new efficient PV output forecasting method with DBM that makes use of SS‐PPBSO in learning. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated for real data of a PV system.
Incidence, prevalence, and mortality of heart failure: a nationwide registry study from 2013 to 2016
Authors: Ødegaard Kristina Malene , Hallén Jonas , Lirhus Sandre Svatun , Melberg Hans Olav , Halvorsen Sigrun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsLarge‐scaled population studies of incidence and prevalence of heart failure (HF) are needed for the development of healthcare policies and priorities. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, prevalence, and all‐cause mortality of HF in Norway from 2013 to 2016 on the basis of a national registry.Methods and resultsUsing data from the nationwide Norwegian Prescription Database, we identified all patients ≥18 years of age in Norway with at least one drug prescription with HF during 2013–2016, defined by 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐10) codes I50, I11, I13, or I42. The individual index date was the date of the first prescription. Patients were followed up until death or end of follow‐up (31 October 2017). Annual incidence and prevalence were estimated from 2013 to 2016, using a look‐back period starting from 1 March 2008. We calculated standardized estimates by applying direct age and sex standardization to the 2013 European standard population. All‐cause mortality from 2013 to 2016 was calculated among the prevalent HF patients. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated by indirect standardization using general mortality in the Norwegian population as reference. We identified 54 542 unique patients (58% men) with a first‐time diagnosis of HF. The median age was 72 ±14 years, and women were older than men (median age 76 vs. 70 years, respectively). The crude (standardized) incidence of HF was 3.44/1000 (4.23/1000) person‐years in 2016 and did not increase over the 4 year period, while the prevalence increased from 2.0% (2.3%) to 2.4% (2.8%). Both incidence and prevalence were higher in men than in women and strongly associated with age. Crude mortality rates in the HF population declined from 94 to 82/1000 person‐years from 2013 to 2016, and SMR declined from 2.01 to 1.84. Age‐adjusted mortality rates were higher in men than in women.ConclusionsThis nationwide registry study in Norway showed an increase in the prevalence of HF from 2013 to 2016, with stable incidence rates and improved survival.
Geo‐hydromorphological assessment of Europe's southernmost blanket bogs
Authors: Chico G. , Clutterbuck B. , Clough J. , Lindsay R. , Midgley N.G. , Labadz J.C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBlanket bogs are a globally rare type of ombrotrophic peatland internationally recognized for long‐term terrestrial carbon storage, the potential to serve as carbon sinks, habitat provision and for their palaeoenvironmental archive. This habitat is protected in the European Union under the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), but a number of blanket bogs located in the Cantabrian Mountains (northern Spain), representing the southernmost known edge‐of‐range for this habitat in Europe, are currently not recognized and are at increased threat of loss.Using climatic data, topography, aerial photography and peat depth surveys, this study has identified 10 new areas of blanket bog located between the administrative regions of Cantabria and Castilla y León. Peat depth data and topography were used to provide a detailed geomorphological description and hydromorphological classification (mesotope units) of these currently unrecognized areas of blanket bog.Maximum peat depth measured across the 10 sites ranged from 1.61 to 3.78 m, covering a total area of 18.6 ha of blanket bog (>40 cm peat depth). The volume of peat accumulated across the sites was determined to be more than 216 000 m3 and is estimated to hold 19.89 ± 3.51 kt C. Twenty‐four individual hydrological mesotope units were described, indicating a diverse assemblage of blanket bogs in this region.The peatlands identified in this research extend the known limit of blanket bogs in Europe farther south than previously recorded and – combined with four other unprotected blanket bogs recently identified in the Cantabrian Mountains – these peatlands represent 10.5% of blanket bog currently recognized and protected in Spain. The range of anthropogenic pressures currently acting on peatlands in the Cantabrian Mountains indicates that without protection these important landforms and stored carbon may be lost. An urgent update of European peatland inventories is thus required to preserve these valuable carbon stores and potential carbon sinks. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Continuation Sessions of Mindfulness‐Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT‐C) vs. Treatment as Usual in Late‐Life Depression and Anxiety: An Open‐Label Extension Study
Authors: Dikaios Elena , Escobar Sophia , Nassim Marouane , Su Chien‐Lin , Torres‐Platas Susana G. , Rej Soham 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesMindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a novel treatment for depression. Our published randomized controlled trial shows that MBCT improves symptoms of late‐life depression (LLD) and anxiety (LLA). We now examine whether continuation sessions of MBCT (MBCT‐C) can prevent LLD/LLA symptom recurrence.Methods/designFollowing an 8‐week MBCT intervention, we compared patients who attended open‐label weekly 1‐hour MBCT‐C for another 26 weeks (n = 10) vs those who did not (n = 17) for change in depressive and anxiety symptoms.ResultsWhile there were no significant differences between groups on depressive or anxiety symptom severities between 8‐ and 34‐ weeks (Cohen's d = 0.045), we observed a small clinical effect of MBCT‐C on symptoms of anxiety (d = 0.29).ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggest that MBCT‐C may be somewhat beneficial for symptoms of LLA, but not for LLD. Healthcare providers should consider what is clinically feasible before investing time and resources into MBCT‐C in older adults with depression and/or anxiety.
Limiting health‐care access to undocumented immigrants: A wise option?
Authors: Jiménez‐Rubio Dolores , Vall Castelló Judit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe number of undocumented migrants in high‐income countries has increased in recent decades, imposing considerable political, fiscal, and social pressures on governments. This has fostered discussions on whether and to what extent undocumented migrants should get access to public programs and public benefits. Looking at the 2012 Spanish health reform, this is the first paper to document the impacts of a restriction on access to the health‐care system for undocumented migrants on health‐care utilization, health‐care system perceptions, and self‐reported health in a high‐income country. We show that such restrictions may significantly reduce planned care for undocumented migrants and result in sharp fall in positive opinions about the health‐care services still left available to them. We also exploit the heterogeneity in implementing the policy across regions and report stronger effects in regions that enforced the national ban more fully. Furthermore, in the first 3 years since the implementation of the reform, we find suggestive evidence of a worsening in self‐assessed health. This study is relevant for policymakers in the developed world, especially in countries that have recently implemented initiatives aimed at reducing the health‐care coverage for targeted groups, such as the United Kingdom and the United States.
Smell and taste disorders during COVID‐19 outbreak: Cross‐sectional study on 355 patients
Authors: Dell’Era Valeria , Farri Filippo , Garzaro Giacomo , Gatto Miriam , Aluffi Valletti Paolo , Garzaro Massimiliano 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs reported by increasing literature, a significant number of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection developed smell/taste disorders. Aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and severity of these symptoms among laboratory‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 patients. Secondary objective is to determine their onset/recovery time.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted from March 10 to 30, 2020 at Novara University Hospital during the COVID‐19 Italian outbreak. The 355 enrolled patients answered a questionnaire at 14th (or more) days after proven infection.ResultsThe overall population prevalence of both smell/taste or one of the two disorders was 70%. They were first symptoms in 31 (8,7%) patients. Most patients reported a complete loss that in half of the cases (49.5%) was fully recovered after 14 days, with a median recovery time of 10 days.ConclusionThis study confirms a high prevalence of smell/taste disorders in COVID‐19 infection with self‐recovery for half cases after about 2 weeks.
Stability and prediction of motor performance and cognitive functioning in preschoolers: A latent variable approach
Authors: Zysset Annina E. , Kakebeeke Tanja H. , Messerli‐Bürgy Nadine , Meyer Andrea H. , Stülb Kerstin , Leeger‐Aschmann Claudia S. , Schmutz Einat A. , Arhab Amar , Puder Jardena J. , Kriemler Susi , Munsch Simone , Jenni Oskar G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAt preschool age, motor skills and cognitive functions are regularly examined at well‐child visits. Although reliable screening depends on the stability of the assessed developmental domains, little is known about the stability of motor and cognitive performance in preschool children. The aim of the present study was to investigate how stable motor skills and cognitive functioning are in the preschool years and whether they can predict their own and respective outcome 1 year later. 509 children were examined (46.4% female; M = 3.9 years; SD = 0.6; range 3.0–6.0 years) from the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY) at baseline and 1 year later. A Latent Variable Cross‐lagged Panel Model revealed that both motor skills and cognitive functioning are highly stable in the preschool age (.65/.67). Cross‐lagged coefficients were smaller (.37/.22). However, as the cross‐lagged paths did not differ significantly from each other, no reliable conclusions for the prediction of motor skills and cognitive functions may be drawn. We conclude that cognitive functioning and motor skills are highly stable already in the preschool years. Although small cross‐lagged predictive values were found, motor skills and cognitive functions may not to be reliable predictors of their respective outcomes. Future studies should test cross‐lagged predictive effects in clinical samples, where the effects might be larger.
This study investigated the stability and predictive value of motor skills and cognitive functioning in 3–6‐year‐old typically developing children.
Motor skills and cognitive functioning were highly stable already in preschool age, however, predictive values for their respective outcomes are lower and may not to be reliable predictors of their respective outcomes.
As motor and cognitive development are highly stable at preschool age, they could be applied for the identification of children at risk.
Management of multiple gestations
Authors: D'Alton Mary , Breslin Noelle 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMultiple gestations are commonly encountered in both high‐risk and low‐risk pregnancies and, since the advent of assisted reproductive technologies in the 1980s, the numbers of multiple gestations have grown rapidly. Thus, an understanding of both the maternal and fetal risks associated with multiple gestations should be central to all obstetric practice. The ability to foresee issues and the know how to respond to the complications that develop are central to the correct management of these pregnant women. For some, appropriate management may include referral to a specialist maternal and fetal medicine physician or, in some cases, to a specialist fetal center. The present review provides a comprehensive and simplified overview of multiple gestations, including incidence, diagnosis, genetic considerations, complications (both general and specific to multiple gestation subtypes), and delivery management. It is essential that providers recognize the high‐risk and specific complications that may affect a multiple gestation in order to provide the highest possible level of care for these pregnant women.
Evaluation of Endodontic Treatments Performed by Students in a Brazilian Dental School
Authors: De Quadros Iadasa , Gomes Brenda P.F.A. , Zaia Alexandre A. , Ferraz Caio C.R. , Souza‐Filho Francisco J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical outcomes of root canal treatments performed by final‐year students in the Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil, during the year 2000 and to evaluate the success rate of these treatments at follow‐ups conducted one and three years later (2001–03). All 579 endodontic treatments performed by final‐year students were selected for this investigation. Detailed personal and dental history was obtained from the patient's records. Clinical and radiographic follow‐up examinations were performed. For 78.8 percent of the cases, dental caries was recorded as the cause for performing endodontic treatment; for 8.8 percent, prosthetic reasons were given; and for 12.4 percent, failure of the endodontic treatment was the reason. The largest percentage (30.7 percent) of recalled patients was examined after one year; the success rate at this follow‐up evaluation ranged from 83 percent to 96 percent depending on the pulp status prior to the root canal treatment. After three years, only 8 percent of treated patients returned; assessment for them revealed a 75.5 percent success rate. Dental caries is still the main reason for endodontic treatment. This level of success of the root canal treatment in a Brazilian dental school is similar to other reports in the literature.