bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—AGING WORKFORCE: WORK AND PRODUCTIVE AGING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Emerman Jim , Halvorsen Cal J , Emerman Jim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With much of the world experiencing population aging and a strong need—and desire—among many approaching later life to work longer than past norms, individuals and institutions are experimenting with new ways of working. Yet given the complexities of navigating the work environment in later life, including aspects of cumulative (dis)advantage that help or hinder one’s work prospects, the pull to socially impactful work in the nonprofit sector, and the day-to-day experience of such work in later life, outcomes from this work can vary. Consequently, this symposium will focus on the challenges and opportunities of working longer and their relevance to a productive aging model. The first paper will provide a framework for engaging in the conversation on productive engagement in later life. It will give particular consideration to older workers with lower levels of socioeconomic status in OECD countries. The second paper will discuss results from more than 1,400 surveys of fellows and organizational hosts that have participated in the Encore Fellowships Network, which matches mid- and late-career workers (typically corporate retirees) to non-profit organizations seeking their skills and experience. The third and final paper will reveal findings from an experience sampling methods study of two groups of older adults over the age of 60: founders or leaders of social purpose organizations, and older volunteers. We will conclude by facilitating a discussion on ideas for future scholarship on longer working lives, with particular emphasis on individuals with less advantage as well as those pursuing social purpose work.
SIX MONTHS OF FOCUSED EXERCISE IN GEROFIT LEADS TO REDUCED FALL RISK THROUGH IMPROVED BALANCE
Authors: Tayade Arti S , Colglazier Jody R , Wesley Alan D , Froehlich Paul J , Hersch Elizabeth C , Poppe Anne P , Hall David E , Younker Suzanne M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many older Veterans are physically debilitated, with a reduced quality of life (QOL.) Use of assistive devices during ambulation is indicative of fall risk. We describe two case studies following six-months of participation in Gerofit, a structured exercise program. Ms. M., a 75 y/o Veteran with chronic PTSD and joint pain could walk 237 yards in six-minutes using a cane. Mr. D., an 86 y/o Veteran, came to Gerofit using a Front Wheeled Walker and could walk 307 yards in 6-minutes. After six-months of Gerofit, neither Veteran used assistive devices during testing, and both reported higher QOL. Ms. M. now walks 514 yards in six minutes, while Mr. D. can walk 375 yards in six minutes. Both Veterans exhibit improved balance and endurance. They tell us: “Gerofit gave me my life back!” and “Gerofit gets me out of the house and off the couch.”
CAN PRODUCTIVE AGING BE MADE TO WORK FOR ALL WORKERS?
Authors: Taylor Philip 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper considers the changing status of older workers in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and addresses the questions of if and how they can be supported to age productively. This paper questions the utility of the dominant pro-work policy framework which, while ostensibly aimed at all older workers, mostly benefits those for whom greater choice around work and retirement was always available. Analysis of OECD data concerned with employment and unemployment demonstrates that, for a significant proportion of older workers, choice in terms of labor force participation is severely constrained, with potentially adverse consequences for the transition to old age. The soundness of the pro-work agenda is challenged and it is argued that older people’s advocacy, in particular, has an important role to play in offering a vision of what it means to grow old successfully that is not limited by narrow conceptions of productivity.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—INTERNATIONAL AGING AND MIGRATION: AGING SOCIETY: INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY, AND COMMUNITY COLLABORATION FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Toyokawa Noriko , Lou Vivian W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this symposium is two-fold: (1) to promote mutual understanding and communication regarding the long-term caregiving plans for older immigrants/refugees between policymakers and researchers in the fields of behavioral and social sciences and (2) to discuss the needs for connecting local needs of older immigrants/refugees and their families with a global plan for aging society. The symposium is structured by three empirical studies on older adults and their caregivers by behavioral and social sciences researchers, followed by a presentation of the needs for an international convention on the rights of older people by an advocate in the global network to promote older people’s health. Miyawaki and colleagues focus on the residential status quo, family relations, and prevalence of chronic diseases among older Vietnamese refugees in Houston, TX, U.S.A. Liu’s qualitative study on Taiwanese professional caregivers’ perceptions of clients in adult daycare services reveals the relation between staff’s negative image of aging and their practice. Toyokawa conceptualizes middle-aged Mexican immigrants’ sense of family obligation, as their obligation for reducing children’s caregiving burden and the endorsement predicts their well-being. Three presenters point out the need for standards for basic needs of refugees/immigrants, staff training, and the quality of long-term care, and discuss the meaning of culturally sensitive support based on their studies. Finally, Marumoto advocates the need for an international convention of the rights of older people and standardization of the quality of long-term care. Specific approaches to ‘harness the network’ between local and global efforts are discussed.
I WILL KEEP CONTRIBUTING TO MY FAMILY: FAMILY OBLIGATION AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH MEXICAN IMMIGRANT BACKGROUNDS
Authors: Toyokawa Noriko 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Providing care of older parents is a family obligation for children with Mexican cultural contexts (Knight et al., 2010). Nevertheless, little is known about how parents with Mexican cultural backgrounds believe about their family obligations. The current study conceptualized Mexican American older adults’ sense of family obligation. Data was collected from 307 Mexican Americans (Mage=54, SD=8, range 45-77 years old, females=56%) through an online survey. A 2-factor model: Expectation on children’s caregiving (3-item) and Efforts to reduce children’s burden (7-item) were identified as the best-fit model through EFA and CFA analyses (CFI=.96, SRMSA=.4). The component of efforts to reduce children’s burden predicted participants’ generativity assessed by the scale of McAdams and Aubin (1992). The findings suggest that Mexican American older adults expect their children to take care of them, as they feel obligated to reduce their children’s caregiving burden. The function of the cultural value in intergenerational relations is discussed.
HEALTH STATUS OF OLDER VIETNAMESE REFUGEES: RESULTS FROM THE VIETNAMESE AGING AND CARE SURVEY (VACS)
Authors: Miyawaki Christina E , Chen Nai-Wei , Meyer Oanh L , Tran Mindy Thy , Markides Kyriakos S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Over 1.3 million Vietnamese including refugees migrated to the U.S., after the Vietnam War. Vietnamese are the 4th largest Asian ethnic group in the U.S. Despite the number, little is known about their health conditions. To fill this gap, the Vietnamese Aging and Care Survey (VACS) was developed, and sociodemographic and health data on 132 refugees (≥65 years) were collected in Houston, Texas. They were on average 75.4 years-old, retired (77%), married (58%), female (55%) with less than high school education (86%) in poor/fair health (76%). They immigrated around age 49 years-old, and have hypertension (74%), arthritis (48%), and diabetes (41%). They manage their lives by living in a multi-generation tightly-knit enclaves, and show resilience to their low sociodemographic status (≤25K, 94%). Findings suggest healthcare professionals to introduce more social services such as adult daycare programs in culturally-sensitive ways to ease their transition to new lives in the U.S.
EDUCATIONAL INITIATIVE ABOUT MEDICATION MANAGEMENT FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Boparai Manpreet , Muniz Rosario Costas , Gangai Natalie , Manna Ruth , Korc-Grodzicki Beatriz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adult patients often have multiple comorbidities, see multiple providers, leading to poor medication management (MM). Educational seminars were conducted to health care providers (HCPs) and community-based organizations to deliver health programs to linguistically diverse communities by a pharmacist utilizing interpreters. Participant knowledge was assessed using matched pre-post surveys (translated to participants’ respective languages). Behavioral intention was measured using a Likert scale. Results indicate participation from 136 community dwelling adults via 6 educational sessions; 44 caregivers via 5 sessions, and 22 HCPs (4 students and 22 residents) participated in one session. 91% of the community population were born outside of the US, 67% coming from South Asian countries, speaking over 7 different languages. Knowledge about medication management increased from an average of 44% correct responses pre-session to 48% correct post-session – a statistically significant change (t (135) =-2.26, p&lt;.03). Most caregivers were females (82%) and born in a South Asian country (87%). Knowledge about medication management when caring for a loved one increased significantly from an average from pre (46%) to post (60%) (t (41) =-3.07, p&lt; .01) Finally, most HCPs were females (53%), 63% Asian; 87% were born outside of the US, predominantly in East Asia. Providers had a significant increase on knowledge (t (21) =-3.03, p&lt; .01) about prescribing for older adults. Detailed results of the programs will be presented. Despite challenges in diverse audience members, all three target populations indicated a statistically significant change in knowledge indicating the value in targeted and tailored health education topics.
CAN HEARING AIDS DELAY THE ONSET OF ALZHEIMER’S AND OTHER AGE-RELATED CONDITIONS AMONG ADULTS WITH HEARING LOSS?
Authors: Mahmoudi Elham , Basu Tanima , Langa Kenneth , McKee Michael , zazove Phillip , Kamdar Neil 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, we examined the association between hearing aids (HAs) and the onset of Alzheimer’s disease or dementia; depression or anxiety; drug or alcohol disorders; and falls among adults aged 50 and older with hearing loss (HL). We performed a retrospective study of 176,716 adults (50+) with HL diagnoses using a national, insurance claims data (2008-2016). We used Kaplan Meier curves to examine disease-free survival and Cox regression models to examine the risk-adjusted association between HAs and time to diagnosis of 4 age-related/HL-associated conditions within 3 years of HL diagnosis. Large gender and racial/ethnic differences exist in HAs use. Approximately 11.3% of women vs. 14.5% of men used HAs (95% CI Difference: -0.04, -0.03). About 14.1% of Whites (95% CI: 0.14, 0.14) vs. 9.5% of Blacks (95% CI: 0.09, 0.10) and 7.8% of Hispanics (95% CI: 0.07, 0.08) used HAs. The risk-adjusted hazard ratios of being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, depression or anxiety, drug/alcohol disorders, and injurious falls within 3 years after HL diagnosis, for those who used HA vs. those who did not, were lower by 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.88), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.95), 0.91 (95% CI:0.80-1.04), and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively. Use of HAs is associated with delayed onset of Alzheimer’s, dementia, depression, anxiety, and injurious falls among adults 50 years of age and older with HL. This is important because HL are increasingly common among older adults and early HL diagnosis and use of HAs may prevent or delay physical and mental decline.
INTRODUCING ARTIFICIAL COMPANIONS TO USERS WITH DEMENTIA IN UNREGULATED MARKETS: OPPORTUNITIES VS. ETHICAL ISSUES
Authors: Portacolone Elena , halpern Jodi , Luxenberg Jay , Harrison Krista , Covinsky Kenneth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Because of the high costs of providing long-term care, artificial companions are increasingly considered an opportunity to provide support to older adults with cognitive impairment while saving costs. Artificial companion can comfort and inform, thus inducing a sense of being in a relationship. Sensors and algorithms usually allow these applications to exude a life-like feel. The explosion of these technologies has created a “cultural lag” between their rapid commercial introduction and the slower evolution of regulations. An outcome of this cultural lag is a tension between the potential of artificial companions to support users and a series of unresolved ethical issues related to the fact that users might lack the capacity to fully understand the implications of using these technologies. Specific challenges of deception, surveillance, consent and social isolation are raised by the introduction of these technologies in users with cognitive impairment. The case study of a sophisticated artificial companion commercially available in the United States lends the opportunity to examine the tension between the potential of this technologies vs. unresolved ethical issues. This companion is an avatar on an electronic tablet that is displayed as a dog or a cat. Whereas artificial intelligence guides most artificial companions, this application is a hybrid of robots and human beings because it also relies on technicians “behind” the on-screen avatar, who via surveillance, interact with users. We conclude with a call to develop regulations promoting artificial companions as “human-driven technologies,” i.e. technologies focused on truly empowering users according to their cognitive abilities.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY MEDIATES THE EFFECTS OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS ON THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Khoo Yit Mui , Matsuo Hisako 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Evidence suggests that depressive symptoms among older adults were associated with cognitive impairment and affect cognitive decline over time, while physical activity was associated with lower risk of cognitive decline or have positive effect on cognitive function. The purpose of this study is to examine whether physical activity could mediate the effects of depressive symptoms on the cognitive function of older adults. Data from the 2014 Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) of older adults ≥ 60 years (N=9,753) were used. Hierarchical regression was conducted to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms, physical activity, and cognitive function. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether physical activity could mediate the effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function. Regression results indicated that increased depressive symptoms was associated with poorer cognitive function, while increased moderate and mild physical activity were associated with better cognitive function. Mediation analysis indicated that the direct effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive function was significant. The indirect effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive function mediated by moderate and mild physical activity were also significant. Findings suggest that physical activity could potentially improve the cognitive function of older adults who have depressive symptoms. Moderate and mild physical activity could benefit older adults with depressive symptoms and reduce the risk of cognitive decline. Frail, disabled or chronically ill older adults are less likely to participate in vigorous physical activity, but they could benefit from moderate or mild physical activity and have better cognitive health.
EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE DECLINE ON DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND CARE
Authors: Lee Shinduk , Smith Matthew L , Ory Marcia G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
People with diabetes experience a faster cognitive decline and have a greater risk for future dementia diagnoses. Cognitive impairment can negatively influence diabetes management activities. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) can enhance diabetes control, but limited evidence exists about the differential effects of DSME based on cognitive status. This study examines the moderation effects of cognition on the relationship between participation in DSME and diabetes management among older adults using Georgia 2017 BRFSS data (N=496). Primary outcomes were diabetes self-management (e.g., self-blood glucose monitoring, self-feet check, and physical activity) and clinical care (e.g., seeing a health professional for diabetes and A1C, feet, and eye exams). Multiple logistic regression models examined the effects of DSME and self-reported cognitive decline on diabetes care. Based on the Anderson-and-Newman Framework, all regression models were adjusted for predisposing (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education), enabling (income, marital status, and health plan), and need (insulin treatment) factors. About 48% of participants participated in a DSME, and about 16% reported experiencing cognitive decline. DSME participation was positively associated with self-blood glucose monitoring (p=0.014), physical activity (p=0.024), seeing a health professional for diabetes (p=0.002), and feet exam (p=0.043), but cognitive decline was not significantly associated with most diabetes care (p&gt;0.05). Further, no significant difference in DSME impact on diabetes care based on reported cognitive decline was observed (p&gt;0.05). Findings suggest that DSME can benefit diabetes care among people with and without cognitive decline. Future research can expand upon impacts of rates and degrees of cognitive decline on program benefits.
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINING A NEW DEMENTIA BEHAVIORAL CARE APPROACH IN NURSING HOMES
Authors: Karel Michele J , Benson Karen M , Piscopo Youliana , Maataoui Susan , Curyto Kimberly 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The STAR-VA training program in Veterans Health Administration Community Living Centers (CLCs) has been helping interdisciplinary care teams understand and manage dementia-related behaviors in the nursing home setting, with promising clinical outcomes. However, sustaining a new care approach in a health care system poses multiple challenges. This presentation will discuss facilitators and barriers to STAR-VA sustainability based on CLC team and nurse leader feedback. Findings are informing development of a new site coaching program and a sustainability toolkit. Feedback to date suggests that critical STAR-VA implementation and sustainability strategies include: regularly scheduled team meetings to discuss behavioral assessment and care plans; ongoing staff training (e.g., new staff orientation); communicating care plans across shifts and in the health record; multiple nurse/shift champions; impromptu huddles; acknowledging staff successes; leadership engagement. The coaching program engages teams in setting and tracking site sustainability goals. Lessons learned will be discussed.
DEMENTIA-FOCUSED PERSON-DIRECTED CARE TRAINING IN THE NURSING HOME: FIDELITY AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Reinhardt Joann P , Burack Orah , Cimarolli Verena , Weiner Audrey 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To address the behavioral health of nursing home (NH) residents living with dementia, training direct care staff (DCS) is essential, for the well-being of both residents and staff. We evaluated a training for DCS focused on providing care for persons with advanced dementia who are at-risk of not having care needs met, largely due to communication deficits. Staff were trained in promoting comfort and reducing distress through person-directed care (PDC), deeply knowing each resident, and anticipating needs. Subsequent fidelity interviews with staff showed a higher number of PDC practices utilized by staff in the intervention communities compared to usual care. We also compared the impact of the PDC model versus a traditional model of NH care on resident clinical outcomes, finding a significant interaction where those in the intervention group had fewer clinical symptoms over a 6-month period. Implications for training in the NH setting will be discussed.
EVALUATING THE EVIDENCE BASE OF A STAFFING GUIDELINE FOR DUTCH NURSING HOMES
Authors: Backhaus Ramona , Verbeek Hilde , Boer Bram De , Rossum Erik Van , Schols Jos , Hamers Jan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Related to the Dutch nursing home quality framework implemented in 2017, a staffing guideline was developed, aimed at assisting nursing homes to adequately staff their wards. For the Dutch Ministry of Health, we investigated the evidence base of this guideline. We critically reviewed scientific literature (n=65) and interviewed (inter)national experts (n=8) and potential guideline users (n=5). We found that departing a quality improvement dialogue directly from teams, clients and their families is positive. However, weaknesses were identified as well. Several risks exist for employees to adequately assess resident needs. Furthermore, buy-in is needed from board level to develop a vision on which competencies and amount of staff are needed to fulfill these needs. Examples of guideline improvement recommendations were assisting teams in how to assess resident needs, critically reflect on care provision and considering a role for (top)management. Overall, it was concluded that the value of the guideline was limited.
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ON FAMILY PERPETRATORS AS DESIGNATED SURROGATE DECISION MAKERS
Authors: Bolkan Cory , Teaster Pamela , Ramsey-Klawsnik Holly , Gerow Kenneth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Vulnerable older adults needing surrogate decision makers typically rely upon others for care and are unable to advocate for themselves. The issue of EFFE perpetrated by family members designated as surrogates has become highly visible nationally, yet no reliable, empirical documentation exists on the nature or extent of exploitation by surrogate perpetrators. In collaboration with the National Adult Protective Services Association (NAPSA), we prospectively gathered APS data from six geographically diverse counties on 450 substantiated cases of abuse by POAs, representative payees, and guardians of vulnerable adults 65+ living in community settings. This presentation will highlight how family member surrogates perpetuated abuse and the outcomes on elder victims. These findings elucidate person and process-level factors (e.g., characteristics of victims, perpetrators, and their relationships) within the context of the APS system and can inform practice and policy recommendations for better prevention, detection, investigation, and intervention in these challenging cases.
ADDRESSING THE THEORETICAL GAPS IN ELDER FAMILY FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION
Authors: Gilligan Megan , Betz-Hamilton Axton , Chapman Ashton 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A systematic review of elder family financial exploitation (EFFE) literature from the past five years reflects limited use or consensus of theoretical perspectives. In this paper, we propose using Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory to frame the dynamic, interrelated factors associated with EFFE. Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory, specifically the PPCT model includes Proximal processes, Person characteristics, Contextual systems, and Time. Proximal processes are increasingly complex interactions between individuals (e.g., family communication). Person characteristics include demand (e.g., gender, age), resource (e.g., education), and force (e.g., temperament) characteristics affecting interactions. Contextual levels drawn from Bronfenbrenner’s original model (e.g., micro, meso, exo, and macro) emphasize the effect of interrelated systems on development. T refers to Time, including changes occurring in time (e.g., longitudinal) and over time (e.g., historical). Collectively, the PPCT model provides a framework for understanding the iterative, complex factors linked to EFFE.