bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of brain functional connectivity to assess cognitive control over cue‐processing in Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Strosche Alicia , Zhang Xiaochu , Kirsch Martina , Hermann Derik , Ende Gabriele , Kiefer Falk , Vollstädt‐Klein Sabine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlcohol Use Disorder has been associated with impairments of functional connectivity between neural networks underlying reward processing and cognitive control. Evidence for aberrant functional connectivity between the striatum, insula, and frontal cortex in alcohol users exists at rest, but not during cue‐exposure. In this study, we investigated functional connectivity changes during a cue‐reactivity task across different subgroups of alcohol consumers. Ninety‐six participants (ranging from light social to heavy social drinkers and nonabstinent dependent to abstinent dependent drinkers) were examined. A functional magnetic resonance imaging cue‐reactivity paradigm was administered, during which alcohol‐related and neutral stimuli were presented. Applying psychophysiological interaction analyses, we found: (a) Abstinent alcohol‐dependent patients compared with non‐abstinent dependent drinkers showed a greater increase of functional connectivity of the ventral striatum and anterior insula with the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the presentation of alcohol cues compared with neutral cues. (b) Subjective craving correlated positively with functional connectivity change between the posterior insula and the medial orbitofrontal cortex and negatively with functional connectivity change between the ventral striatum and the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. (c) Compulsivity of alcohol use correlated positively with functional connectivity change between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum, anterior insula, and posterior insula. Results suggest increased cognitive control over cue‐processing in abstinent alcohol‐dependent patients, compensating high levels of cue‐provoked craving and compulsive use.Clinical trial registration details: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00926900
Normal anatomic reference of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A compared atlas of cross‐sectional anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography
Authors: Abdel Maksoud Mohamed Kamal Merai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe normal magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic anatomy of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo using cadaveric distal limbs. This study was achieved using twelve fresh cadaveric distal limbs from adult healthy buffaloes of both sexes. These cadaveric limbs were scanned using a 1 Tesla MRI scanner and CT scanner, injected with red latex, frozen at −20°C for 1 week, and then sectioned into sagittal, dorsal and transverse slices. The obtained MR and CT images were selected to be matched with their corresponding anatomical cross‐sections for identification and evaluation of the clinically correlated anatomical structures of the pastern and coffin joints. The difference in signal intensities on CT and MRI scans amongst the tissues allowed clear differentiation of major bone and soft tissue structures of the pastern and coffin joints. CT provided a high spatial resolution of bone and soft tissue structures, however, MRI allowed a better and higher resolution and definition between soft tissues. The current study provided a normal CT and MRI anatomic reference which could help veterinary clinicians for interpretation and diagnosis of the clinically affected pastern and coffin joints in buffalo.
Measuring movements in adolescents with psychosis using the Microsoft Kinect sensor: a pilot study exploring a new tool for assessing aspects of antipsychotic‐induced parkinsonism
Authors: Rudå Ditte , Einarsson Gudmundur , Matthiassen Jannik Boll , Correll Christoph U. , Jensen Karsten Gjessing , Klauber Dea Gowers , Richard Clara Josefine , Andersen Anne Sofie Schott , Krøigaard Sabrina , Møllegaard Jepsen Jens Richardt , Fagerlund Birgitte , Winge Kristian , Clemmesen Line K. H. , Pagsberg Anne Katrine , Paulsen Rasmus R. , Fink‐Jensen Anders 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe assessment of motor disturbances in antipsychotic‐treated adolescent patients is often limited to the use of observer‐based rating scales with interobserver variability. The objectives of this pilot study were to measure movement patterns associated with antipsychotic‐induced parkinsonism in young patients with psychosis and initiating/treated with antipsychotics, using a computer application connected with the Microsoft Kinect sensor (Motorgame).MethodAll participants were assessed by neurological examination, clinical side effect rating scales (Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Side Effect Rating Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale), and the Motorgame. Furthermore, speed of information processing and motor speed with subtests from the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia test battery was assessed.ResultsWe included 21 adolescents with first‐episode psychosis (62% treated with antipsychotics; males 38%; mean age 16 ± 1.4 years) and 69 healthy controls (males 36%; mean age 16 ± 1.5 years). Prolonged time of motor performance (TOMP) in the Motorgame was associated with higher SAS scores for arm dropping (p = .009). A consistent practice effect was detected (p < .001). We found no significant associations between TOMP and age, height, body weight, sex, antipsychotic dosage, or information processing speed.ConclusionsWe found an uncorrected significant association between prolonged TOMP and shoulder bradykinesia. The Motorgame was found useful in assessing parkinsonian symptoms in early‐onset psychosis and accepted by participants. Future studies of larger cohorts, including patients with high scores in clinical motor side effect scales, are required to establish solid validity of the novel test.
Reference points for predators will progress ecosystem‐based management of fisheries
Authors: Hill Simeon L. , Hinke Jefferson , Bertrand Sophie , Fritz Lowell , Furness Robert W. , Ianelli James N. , Murphy Matthew , Oliveros‐Ramos Ricardo , Pichegru Lorien , Sharp Rowland , Stillman Richard A. , Wright Peter J. , Ratcliffe Norman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEcosystem‐based management of fisheries aims to allow sustainable use of fished stocks while keeping impacts upon ecosystems within safe ecological limits. Both the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets promote these aims. We evaluate implementation of ecosystem‐based management in six case‐study fisheries in which potential indirect impacts upon bird or mammal predators of fished stocks are well publicized and well studied. In particular, we consider the components needed to enable management strategies to respond to information from predator monitoring. Although such information is available in all case‐studies, only one has a reference point defining safe ecological limits for predators and none has a method to adjust fishing activities in response to estimates of the state of the predator population. Reference points for predators have been developed outside the fisheries management context, but adoption by fisheries managers is hindered a lack of clarity about management objectives and uncertainty about how fishing affects predator dynamics. This also hinders the development of adjustment methods because these generally require information on the state of ecosystem variables relative to reference points. Nonetheless, most of the case‐studies include precautionary measures to limit impacts on predators. These measures are not used tactically and therefore risk excessive restrictions on sustainable use. Adoption of predator reference points to inform tactical adjustment of precautionary measures would be an appropriate next step towards ecosystem‐based management.
Degradation kinetics of anthocyanins from purple rice bran and effect of hydrocolloids on its stability
Authors: Das Amit B. , Goud Vaibhav V. , Das Chandan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe degradation kinetics of total anthocyanin, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G), and peonidin‐3‐glucoside (P3G) from purple rice bran were investigated in various pH and temperature conditions. The effect of hydrocolloids on the stability of anthocyanins was also determined. The degradation kinetics was studied in a pH range of 2–8 and temperatures ranging from 60 to 90°C. At pH 2, the total anthocyanin (2.21 × 10−4 min−1), C3G (1.44 × 10−4 min−1), and P3G (1.38 × 10−4 min−1) showed the lowest degradation rate. During thermal degradation, the lowest rate of degradation for total anthocyanin (3.46 × 10−4 min−1), C3G (1.75 × 10−4 min−1), and P3G (1.99 × 10−4 min−1) were observed at 60°C. The highest degradation rate of total anthocyanin, C3G, and P3G, was obtained at pH 6 and 90°C. The effect of carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, modified starch, and gum arabic on the stability of anthocyanin, C3G, and P3G was significant (p ≤ .05). The modified starch system showed the highest stability of anthocyanins and antioxidant activity in the aqueous medium. The degradation kinetics of anthocyanins in modified starch medium revealed a lower degradation rate than without a hydrocolloid sample.Practical applicationsAnthocyanins are easily affected by food processing factors, such as pH and thermal treatment. Thereby, the temperature range used in the present study is commonly used during food processing, namely, pasteurization, blanching, and drying. Similarly, the applied pH range is also widely available in the food product. Therefore, the kinetic analysis of this work can be used to evaluate the loss and degradation behavior of anthocyanin during industrial processes. In the present study, the stability of anthocyanins in the various hydrocolloids medium was also investigated under different conditions. Thus, this study has the potential application in the food processing industries to develop a stable anthocyanin‐based product.
Characteristics of coconut protein separation process by means of membrane ultrafiltration
Authors: Yiengveerachon Chayapa , Yoshikawa Shiro , Matsumoto Hideyuki , Ookawara Shinichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCross‐flow ultrafiltration has been reported as a promising technique to concentrate the coconut protein in the liquid by‐product called coconut skimmed effluent, which is produced from coconut oil wet process. However, the cake developed on the membrane surface always causes a measurable resistance, which extremely impedes the filtration efficiency. This study investigated the cross‐flow filtration performance under different operational conditions, which included membrane molecular weight cut‐off (10 and 30 kDa), transmembrane pressure (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 MPa) and cross‐flow velocity (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 l/min), and molecular electrostatic interaction by adjusting the feed suspension pH (2.0, 4.0, 6.3, 9.0). The results showed that there was no substantial difference in the filtration performance between 10 kDa and 30 kDa membrane because the number of molecules, in which the particle size was larger than 30 kDa, was high. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the permeate flux increased with the cross‐flow velocity but decreased with the transmembrane pressure due to the cake layer compressibility. For the suspension chemistry effects, although a thick cake layer was developed on the membrane when the feed suspension pH was very close to pI (pH 4.0), the permeate flux was surprisingly greater than the other pH conditions.Practical ApplicationThis research was carried out by focusing on the evaluation of the alternative method other than the traditional one, such as precipitation or centrifugation, for coconut protein concentration. The membrane ultrafiltration, which is widely used to improve the quality of many dairy products, has been applied to the coconut suspension and filtration performances including fouling behavior under various conditions have been investigated. The results obtained could provide extensive information for the operational optimization of the coconut liquor cross‐flow filtration process considering the hydrodynamic factors. Furthermore, since the experiment was conducted with a real polydispersed biopolymer mixture, its unique characteristics that depend on the change of pH would be able to extend the knowledge including the influence of the electrostatic interaction on the cake formation of such plant‐based protein–polysaccharide mixture.
Diet quality and its association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality
Authors: Yoo Eric R. , Kim Donghee , Vazquez‐Montesino Luis M. , Escober Jessica A. , Li Andrew A. , Tighe Sean P. , Fernandes Christopher T. , Cholankeril George , Ahmed Aijaz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsHealthy diet has been recommended for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although it is not clear whether improving diet quality can prevent mortality. We aim to assess the impact of quality of diet on NAFLD and mortality in subjects with and without NAFLD.MethodsWe performed cohort study using the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994 and linked mortality data through 2015. We used the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores to define diet quality, with higher HEI scores (Q4) indicating better adherence to dietary recommendations. NAFLD was defined as ultrasonographic hepatic steatosis.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that subjects with higher diet quality were inversely associated with NAFLD in a dose‐dependent manner. During the median follow‐up of 23 years, having a higher diet quality was associated with reduction in risk of all‐cause mortality in the age, sex, Race/ethnicity‐adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (Q4, HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.52‐0.68) and the multivariate model (Q4, HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71‐0.92). Higher diet quality was associated with a lower risk for all‐cause mortality in subjects without NAFLD; however, this protective association with diet quality was not noted in those with NAFLD. Furthermore, a high diet quality was associated with a lower risk for cancer‐related mortality in the total population and among those without NAFLD. This association was not noted in those with NAFLD.ConclusionsHigh diet quality was inversely associated with NAFLD and was positively associated with a lower risk for cancer‐related and all‐cause mortality in those without NAFLD.
Bottle‐feeding an infant feeding modality: An integrative literature review
Authors: Kotowski Judith , Fowler Cathrine , Hourigan Christina , Orr Fiona 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBottle‐feeding is an infant feeding modality that has been in existence since ancient times, and currently, a significant number of infants are being fed via a bottle with either breastmilk or formula. Although research on bottle‐feeding has continued, it exists in fragmented, often small studies that focus on singular aspects of feeding an infant using a bottle, with limited information on the bottle‐feeding act. Systems theory was the approach used to define the act of bottle‐feeding and identify the parts within this act. Health databases were searched using MeSH terms. A summary of the studies are included. The findings of this review revealed that healthy term bottle‐feeding infants use similar tongue and jaw movements, can create suction and sequentially use teat compression to obtain milk, with minimal differences in oxygen saturation and SSB patterns, when compared with breastfeeding infants. Bottle and teat characteristics were revealed to affect infant feeding and milk intake. An infant's milk intake during feeding was shown to have a strong association with the interaction between the infant and parent/caregiver. With the issue of who controls the feed, mother or infant, likely to affect an infant's ability to self‐regulate their milk intake. Redefining bottle‐feeding as a holistic system identifies the interrelationship of the various parts which will improve the understanding of the reciprocal nature of infant feeding. To optimize bottle‐feeding outcomes, further research is required on parents' and health professionals' knowledge and understanding of the parts within the act of bottle‐feeding.
DcMYB113, a root‐specific R2R3‐MYB, conditions anthocyanin biosynthesis and modification in carrot
Authors: Xu Zhi‐Sheng , Yang Qing‐Qing , Feng Kai , Yu Xiao , Xiong Ai‐Sheng 
Published: January 2020

SummaryPurple carrots, the original domesticated carrots, accumulate highly glycosylated and acylated anthocyanins in root and/or petiole. Previously, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for root‐specific anthocyanin pigmentation was genetically mapped to chromosome 3 of carrot. In this study, an R2R3‐MYB gene, namely DcMYB113, was identified within this QTL region. DcMYB113 expressed in the root of ‘Purple haze’, a carrot cultivar with purple root and nonpurple petiole, but not in the roots of two carrot cultivars with a purple root and petiole (Deep purple and Cosmic purple) and orange carrot ‘Kurodagosun’, which appeared to be caused by variation in the promoter region. The function of DcMYB113 from ‘Purple haze’ was verified by transformation in ‘Cosmic purple’ and ‘Kurodagosun’, resulting in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Transgenic ‘Kurodagosun’ carrying DcMYB113 driven by the CaMV 35S promoter had a purple root and petiole, while transgenic ‘Kurodagosun’ expressing DcMYB113 driven by its own promoter had a purple root and nonpurple petiole, suggesting that root‐specific expression of DcMYB113 was determined by its promoter. DcMYB113 could activate the expression of DcbHLH3 and structural genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis. DcUCGXT1 and DcSAT1, which were confirmed to be responsible for anthocyanins glycosylation and acylation, respectively, were also activated by DcMYB113. The WGCNA identified several genes co‐expressed with anthocyanin biosynthesis and the results indicated that DcMYB113 may regulate anthocyanin transport. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying root‐specific anthocyanin biosynthesis and further modification in carrot and even other root crops.
Caries impact on quality of life among visually impaired adolescents: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ligali Taofeek Olalekan , Orenuga Omolola Olubunmi , Oredugba Folakemi Adenike 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess and compare the impacts of dental caries on quality of life among visually impaired and sighted 10‐ to 19‐year‐old adolescents before and after treatment in Lagos State, Nigeria.Methods and resultsA cross‐sectional study of institutionalized sighted and visually impaired 10‐ to 19‐year‐old adolescents was carried out using interviewer‐administered Oral Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire based on Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance (Child‐OIDP) questionnaire. Frequencies of impact and mean impact scores were determined and compared between the two groups using chi‐square test. SPSS IBM version 20 was used for the analysis. The level of significance was placed at P < 0.05. The mean impact scores on quality of life among sighted and visually impaired adolescents were 14.45 ± 17.00 and 12.61 ± 17.83, respectively before treatment (P = 0.55) as well as 0.54 ± 1.81 and 2.02 ± 6.86 respectively after treatment (P = 0.10).ConclusionThe visually impaired adolescents suffered similar burden of impact of dental caries as their sighted peers. The greatest impact was on eating and cleaning the teeth. Impact was greatly reduced following treatment. There is need for oral health promotion and early detection of dental caries among institutionalized visually impaired and sighted adolescents in order to prevent complications of dental caries.
BPC transcription factors and a Polycomb Group protein confine the expression of the ovule identity gene SEEDSTICK in Arabidopsis
Authors: Petrella Rosanna , Caselli Francesca , Roig‐Villanova Irma , Vignati Valentina , Chiara Matteo , Ezquer Ignacio , Tadini Luca , Kater Martin M. , Gregis Veronica 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BPC) GAGA (C‐box) binding proteins belong to a small plant transcription factor family. We previously reported that class I BPCs bind directly to C‐boxes in the SEEDSTICK (STK) promoter and the mutagenesis of these cis‐elements affects STK expression in the flower. The MADS‐domain factor SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) is another key regulator of STK. Direct binding of SVP to CArG‐boxes in the STK promoter are required to repress its expression during the first stages of flower development. Here we show that class II BPCs directly interact with SVP and that MADS‐domain binding sites in the STK promoter region are important for the correct spatial and temporal expression of this homeotic gene. Furthermore, we show that class I and class II BPCs act redundantly to repress STK expression in the flower, most likely by recruiting TERMINAL FLOWER 2/LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (TFL2/LHP1) and mediating the establishment and the maintenance of H3K27me3 repressive marks on DNA. We investigate the role of LHP1 in the regulation of STK expression. In addition to providing a better understanding of the role of BPC transcription factors in the regulation of STK expression, our results suggest the existence of a more general regulatory complex composed of BPCs, MADS‐domain factors and Polycomb Repressive Complexes that co‐operate to regulate gene expression in reproductive tissues. We believe that our data along with the molecular model described here could provide significant insights for a more comprehensive understanding of gene regulation in plants.
Follow‐up program for blood donors with unconfirmed screening results reveals a high false‐positive rate in Dalian, China
Authors: Deng Xuelian , Zang Liang , Wang Xinmei , Chen Hui , Liu Jiangdi , Gao Yong , Xu Shuang , Wang Li , Fan Yaxin , Candotti Daniel , Liang Xiaohua 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDChinese blood donors with unconfirmed serological and/or molecular screening results are deferred permanently. This study investigated the implementation and performance of a follow‐up program aiming to improve the notification and management of deferred donors in Dalian, China.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSFrom January 2013 to February 2018, 411,216 donations were tested for HBsAg, anti‐HCV, anti‐HIV/HIV antigen, and antibodies to Treponema pallidum. HBV, HCV, and HIV nucleic acid testing (NAT) was performed in mini‐pools of six or in individual donations (IDs). Reactive donations were evaluated further with alternative serological assays and ID‐NAT re‐testing. A follow‐up procedure was developed to evaluate a subset of deferred donors that were either potential NAT yield cases, serology non‐reactive and NAT non‐repeated reactive (NRR), or serology NRR irrespective of NAT result.RESULTSSerological and molecular routine, plus supplemental testing, identified HBV, HCV, HIV, and TP in 503 (0.12%), 392 (0.09%), 156 (0.04%), and 2041 (0.49%) donations, respectively. Overall, 683 of 4156 (16.4%) eligible donors and 205 donors deferred prior 2013 participated in the program. They included 664 serology NRR and 224 NAT yield cases, and 58.8% repeat donors. All markers combined, follow‐up documented false reactivity, primary acute infections, and OBI in 61.9% (550/888), 3.3% (29/888), and 12.8% (114/888) of these donors, respectively. Isolated anti‐HBc or anti‐HBs reactivity was observed in 22% of cases.CONCLUSIONFollow‐up testing refined infection status in 78.0% (693/888) of deferred donors with unconfirmed screening results. This high false‐positive rate encouraged to reevaluate the current screening strategies and to consider donor reentry.