bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Technique to Calculate Earthquake Stress Transfer and to Probe the Physics of Aftershocks
Authors: Segou Margarita , Parsons Tom 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTCoseismic stress changes have been the primary physical principle used to explain aftershocks and triggered earthquakes. However, this method does not adequately forecast earthquake rates and diverse rupture populations when subjected to formal testing. We show that earthquake forecasts can be impaired by assumptions made in physics-based models such as the existence of hypothetical optimal faults and regional scale invariability of the stress field. We compare calculations made under these assumptions along with different realizations of a new conceptual triggering model that features a complete assay of all possible ruptures. In this concept, there always exists a set of theoretical planes that has positive failure stress conditions under a combination of background and coseismic static stress change. In the Earth, all of these theoretical planes may not exist, and if they do, they may not be ready to fail. Thus, the actual aftershock plane may not correspond to the plane with the maximum stress change value. This is consistent with observations that mainshocks commonly activate faults with exotic orientations and rakes. Our testing ground is the M 7.2, 2010 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake sequence that activated multiple diverse fault populations across the United States–Mexico border in California and Baja California. We carry out a retrospective test involving 748 M≥3.0 triggered earthquakes that occurred during a 3 yr period after the mainshock. We find that a probabilistic expression of possible aftershock planes constrained by premainshock rupture patterns is strongly favored (89% of aftershocks consistent with static stress triggering) versus an optimal fault implementation (35% consistent). Results show that coseismic stress change magnitudes do not necessarily control earthquake triggering, instead we find that the summed background stress and coseismic stress change promotes diverse ruptures. Our model can thus explain earthquake triggering in regions where optimal plane mapping shows coseismic stress reduction.
Telaah ulang wacana haid dan istiḥāḍah pada akseptor keluarga berencana
Authors: Setiawan Wahyu , Siradjuddin Azmi , Liberty Liberty 
Published: February 2020

Penetapan hukum darah pervaginam dalam Islam secara umum menggunakan paradigma yang dapat disebut haid-cum-istiḥāḍah. Paradigma ini bertitik tolak pada identifkasi darah haid terlebih dahulu dengan melihat batas minimal, batas maksimal, atau berdasarkan karakter darah. Apabila tidak memenuhi syarat yang telah ditetapkan madhhab fiqh, maka darah disebut sebagai istiḥāḍah. Paradigma ini menjadi rancu ketika dihadapkan dengan ketidakteraturan menstruasi yang dialami akseptor KB hormonal. Darah pervaginam yang terjadi tidak dapat disebut sebagai haid baik menurut medis maupun literatur fiqh. Artikel ini menawarkan paradigma alternatif yang disebut istiḥāḍah-cum-haid. Sebuah paradigma yang merupakan hasil integrasi tiga kutub: interpretasi turāth, keilmuan medis, dan pengalaman empiris akseptor KB hormonal. Dialog ketiga kutub tersebut dibingkai dengan kerangka berpikir Loay Safi yang disebut Unified Approach to Textual and Contextual Analysis. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui kajian kitab-kitab fiqh perbandingan dan wawancara dengan 70 akseptor, 1 dokter spesialis kandungan, 5 bidan, dan 4 praktisi akademik kesehatan. Paradigma alternatif sebagai hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa darah pervaginam pada akseptor langsung ditetapkan sebagai istiḥāḍah. Tahap berikutnya berupa penetapan hari-hari haid bagi akseptor KB berdasar fiqh madhhab terkait ketentuan hukum mustaḥāḍah. The legal inference of vaginal blood in Islam generally adopts the paradigm called haid-cum-istiḥāḍah. The paradigm starts with the identification of menstrual blood by looking at minimum limit, maximum limit, or by blood characters. When the blood fails the requirements established by madhhab fiqh, it turns to the so-termed istiḥāḍah. The paradigm tends to be confusing when confronted with menstrual irregularities that happened on hormonal acceptors. The vaginal blood could not be categorized as menstrual by medical or fiqh literatures. This article offers an alternative paradigm called istiḥāḍah-cum-haid wich is built upon three building blocks namely: turāth interpretation, medical considerations, and empirical experiences of hormonal acceptors. These three building blocks were underpinned by Loay Safi’s thought called Unified Approach to Textual and Contextual Analysis. The data of this research were collected through studies on comparative fiqh literatures and interviews with 70 acceptors, 1 obstetrician-gynecologist, 5 midwifes, and 4 academicians in the field of medication. This alternative paradigm urges that vaginal blood acceptors treated as istiḥāḍah. Next to istiḥāḍah identification, is the establishment of menstruation days for acceptors based on fiqh madhhab related to mustaḥāḍah rules.
Estrategia FIGO para la prevención del aborto inseguro. Experiencia en Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Sánchez Pío Iván , Urquijo-Velásquez Lenis Enrique , Villarreal Cristina 
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: analizar la situación del aborto inseguro en Colombia para establecer: consecuencias, factores determinantes y calidad de la atención e identificar los puntos susceptibles de intervención, para elaborar un plan de acción tendiente a reducir los embarazos no deseados, abortos provocados y sus consecuencias.Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo con un componente de revisión de material bibliográfico y otro de consenso de expertos. Se llevó a cabo en dos fases. En la fase 1, de análisis situacional, se recolectó información mediante el formato elaborado por el grupo de trabajo de FIGO (Federación Internacional de Ginecología y Obstetricia). En la fase 2, de elaboración del plan de acción utilizando un marco lógico, se reunieron los representantes de OPS (Organización Panamericana de la Salud), UNFPA (Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas), filiales de IPPF (Federación Internacional de Planificación Familiar), ONG locales y agencias del gobierno.Resultados: el análisis situacional se resume en tres ejes: embarazo no deseado, intervenciones para su prevención y aborto. En el plan de acción se definieron cuatro objetivos específicos: mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva; facilitar el acceso a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo acorde con la Sentencia C-355 de 2006; promover el acceso al misoprostol para usos ginecoobstétricos; y mejorar la información sobre tasas y complicaciones asociadas al aborto inseguro.Conclusión: a pesar del avance en Colombia con la Sentencia C-355 de 2006, aún persisten grandes retos, tales como reglamentar opciones de fácil acceso al servicio de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo para mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado, protocolos de investigación al interior de los tribunales de ética médica para los asuntos relacionados con objeción de conciencia, clarificar la autonomía y capacidad de menores de catorce años.
PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI SETELAH ADANYA KERETA COMUTER LINE (STUDI DAERAH PENYANGGA JAKARTA)
Authors: Munandar Aris 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to get a general idea about the selection of transportation modes resident in the buffer after the comuter line. The research time of the month from May to July 2014. The population in this study were all passengers in the Depok , Bekasi , Tangerang stasiun . The sampling technique was done by purposive sampling, passengers who choose rail transportation mode before applying commuterline using other modes . Each station 30 so that the total of 90 respondents. Characteristic of the youngest respondents aged 16 years and the oldest 50 years with an average of 26.9 years . The Based work on non-civil . Based on the level of respondents at most high school education. Based on user characteristics of respondents have either two-wheel motor vehicles and driving licence (SIM) equipped . Motor vehicles used by the respondent as a feeder . Average of the marital status of unmarried respondents . For those who are married earned income respondents said inadequate needs . Inadequate income would find it difficult to save . Respondents largely did not participate in the community commuter line . Based on the characteristics of the movement of the majority of respondents travel destinations for work purposes . Based on the characteristics mode facility, respondents to travel departing in the morning , come home in the afternoon rush hour . Respondents went on a trip with other existing modes . Respondents do not make the shift from the other trains . Travel time required respondents to make every trip is in accordance with her wishes . For short trips ( 10 stasion ) takes 50 minutes . Resonden not rest / sleep when the train . The cost for short trips ( 10 stations ) of Rp 3,000 , including low cost . Respondents were more likely to use multi- trip cards than single trip. The respondents were unable to seat.
Keywords : comuter line , election , mode , transportation
ESTIMASI RISIKO KERUGIAN EKONOMI AKIBAT BANJIR ROB MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KECAMATAN PENJARINGAN, JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Purnama Setyawan , Marfai Muh. Aris , Anggraini Dini Feti , Cahyadi Ahmad 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
As a coastal area, North Jakarta face global climate change i.e sea level rise. This phenomena can cause some negative impact to the usage of the area. The objectives of this research is to estimate economic risk caused rob flood from sea with some scenariosof sea water level. The development of flood rob mapping method incoastal area is carried out by neighbourhood operation in Geograhic Information System (GIS) based raster. Economic risk analysis is carried out by overlay of Flood Hazard Map in some scenarios and Land Use Map in certain economic value.The result of research show that economic risk that caused by flood rob 30 cm high is Rp 424.318.821.500,00. Economic risk with 115 cm flood rob high is 2.934.277.188.000,00, whereas economic risk with 200 cm flood rob high is Rp 4.758.739.166.000,00. High risk area is dominated by business area (67,76%) and reguler settlement (24,66%). Key words : rob flood, neighbourhood operation, North Jakarta
MODEL PENGATURAN PENGUNJUNG PADA KAWASAN WISATA ALAM PEGUNUNGAN DENGAN FUNGSI LINDUNG DAN INTENSITAS WISATA TINGGI DI KAWASAN WISATA KLUSTER GUNUNG PATUHA, KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Kastolani Wanjat , Rahmafitria Fitri 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Patuha Mountain Cluster is a part of South Bandung Region which has beautiful scenery of mountainous forest landscape. The uniqueness and its beauty become the main factors of its popularity as nature based tourism area. But the characteristic of mountainous region make this area stated by the government as preservation area (PP. No.72 th 2010), so the management should has specific program that appropriate for preservation function also for tourism purpose. This research is conducted to develop the visitor management concept of nature based area with preservation function and high visitor intensity. Visitor intensity is the frequent of use and visitor density analysis (Pfluger, Yvone (2004). Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to develop the visitor management model, and also by the spatial analysis to develop the map of preservation area. Visitor intensity was found by using carrying capacity analysis and survey method (questionnaire). The result show that according to spatial and regulation analysis, all of the objects study in Patuha Mountain Cluster are categorized as preservation area. Most of them have medium visitor intensity, and one of it (Kawah Putih forest recreation), which is the most popular one has high visitor intensity. Identification of landscape characteristic and regulation of nature based area are the first step to develop an appropriate model of visitor management. Visitor density and visitor used also become the important factors that influence the environment quality of nature based tourism area. The high visitor intensity could pressure the physical condition of the area so the program of visitor management should implemented structurally. The development of interpretation program and media should be implemented especially to educate visitors to be more care and friendly with the environment. Another visitor management program that could implemented regarding this findings are limiting the accessibility to the main and sensitive attraction, activities decentralization and develop the tourism education program. Keywords : Mountain based tourism, tourism intensity, visitor management
PEMBERDAYAAN PENDUDUK PESANGGEM UNTUK PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DAN PERCEPATAN PEMULIHAN SUMBERDAYA HUTAN MURIA
Authors: Banowati Eva 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah upaya pengentasan kemiskinan dan percepatan pemulihan sumberdaya Hutan Muria di Kabupaten Pati-Jawa Tengah,khususnya bagi penduduk Pesanggem. Populasinya petak Pengelolaan sumberdaya Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat (PHBM), sampel area ditetapkan berdasarkan umur tegakan. Responden penduduk pesanggem, pengurus Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan (LMDH), dan aparat Perhutani. Data sekunder didapat dari LMDH dan dokumen kebijakan PHBM. Data primer dari observasi, wawancara, pengukuran kondisi fisik, plot model, dan FGD. Analisis data didasarkan pada pendekatan geografi yakni analisis keruangan, tabel silang atas pola tanam terhadap produk pertanian. Demplot percontohan sebagai bentuk pemberdayaan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan lahan garapan seluas 0,25 hektar per 4 orang, dengan tanaman kencur (Kaempferia galanga) di bawah tegakan jati berumur 14 tahun. Pada pelaksanaannya mampu memberdayakan 12 orang penduduk dengan total luas lahan 1 hektar. Keberhasilan bertani kencur diharapkan mampu sebagai agent of change petasi pesanggem lainnya dalam mengentaskan diri dari kemiskinan. Penghidupan berkelanjutan mampu mengentaskan kemiskinan dengan mengubah pola tanam polikultur menjadi pola tumpang gilir dengan struktur pemanfaatan lahan di bawah tegakan (PLDT). PLTD dengan menanam kacang tanah, kencur dan singkong. Budidaya kencur diusahakan sebagai tanaman lantai yang mampu menahan erosi, memperbaiki struktur tanah, dan tidak berkompetitor terhadap tegakan jati. Singkong dipertahankan penduduk karena mudah pemasaran, biaya modal tanam rendah, dan perawatan yang sangat mudah namun perlu jeda waktu (tidak dilakukan sepanjang tahun). Efek lanjut berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan penghidupan layak dan keberlanjutan sosial skala luas. Membangun pemahaman untuk memilih pola tanam tumpang gilir menyesuaikan musim dan jenis tanaman. Kata kunci: Keberlanjutan penghidupan, Pemberdayaan, PLDT, Pola tanam
Proximal Radioulnar Translocation Associated with Posterior Fracture–Dislocation of Elbow in an Adolescent Girl
Authors: Samara Eleftheria , Dayer Romain , Davat Marie , Ruffieux Etienne , Steiger Christina N. , Ceroni Dimitri 
Published: February 2020

Case:
A 14-year-old girl sustained a posterior elbow dislocation and presented with a proximal radioulnar translocation (PRUT) and a displaced fracture of the radial head. Reduction of the elbow dislocation and the proximal radioulnar translocation were achieved by external manipulation in the operating room. The radial head was not amenable to closed reduction and remained entrapped in the anteromedial compartment of the elbow. So open reduction and internal stabilization was carried out.

Conclusions:
In PRUT, closed reduction should be attempted. The radial head should be preserved even if it is fully dislocated from metaphysis. Retrograde intramedullary radial nailing provides enough stability of the fracture to promote early mobilization and facilitate union.
Nonbiologic Injections in Sports Medicine
Authors: Bedi Asheesh , Trinh Thai Q. , Olszewski Adam M. , Maerz Tristan , Ramme Austin J. 
Published: February 2020

» Nonbiologic medications (local anesthetics, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are commonly administered to athletes for analgesia after injury. However, the risks of nonbiologic injections often are overlooked simply because of their long-term market availability.» A thorough understanding of the mechanism of action, the reported benefits, and the potential risks of nonbiologic medications is crucial prior to their use, especially in the treatment of young athletes.» Sports medicine physicians and surgeons must be aware of the systemic and local effects of these medications to ensure an appropriate drug choice that minimizes side effects and avoids recently reported toxicity to myocytes, tenocytes, and chondrocytes.
Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas Berdasarkan Tingkat Pendidikan Di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung
Authors: Emaniar Riski 
Published: February 2020

This research is motivated by the number of traffic violation cases carried out by the community in Bangka Belitung. Many traffic violations carried out by children. This study aims to determine the number of traffic violators based on the level of education of the people in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2016, thus it can be seen the number of traffic violators at certain levels of education in the Bangka Belitung region. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. This descriptive research is used to describe an event or event and social phenomenon in factual and systematic. This method is used to explain the data contained in the table by using descriptive explanations. The data used is secondary data. The results showed that the highest violations in Pangkalpinang City compared to other districts. Based on the data obtained, the high school level in the city of Pangkalpinang becomes the highest number of traffic violators. Many factors cause violations among students, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors come from within the individual, while external factors are found in the surrounding environment. Need appropriate handling to overcome the occurrence of various traffic violations among students. The method taken can be preventive and repressive.

Keywords: BPS, students, minor violations.
Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 Signaling Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Rabbit
Authors: Yang Xilan , Jia Jian , Yu Zhen , Duanmu Zheng , He Huiwei , Chen Sen , Qu Chen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Previous studies have indicated that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is involved in modulating arterial adventitia inﬂammation response. In this study, we designed experiment to further investigate the effect of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling in rabbit atherosclerosis process. Methods : Atherosclerosis was induced in the abdominal arteries of rabbits by atherogenic diet and endothelial damage. At the same time, animals were received either no treatment or ruxolitinib and killed after 12 weeks. Results : H&E staining and CT scan analysis showed that rabbit atherosclerosis model was constructed successfully. Ruxolitinib, an inhibitor of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), substantially decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits treated with high fat diet and balloon injury of the aorta. Moreover, ruxolitinib substantially decreased IL-6 and TNF-α, but increased IL-10 and IL-17 levels in plasma of atherosclerotic rabbits. Additionally, ruxolitinib reduced TC and TG contents and AIP, while enhanced HDL-C level in rabbit plasma. Furthermore, we found that JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation were upregulated in rabbits with atherosclerosis when compared with that of the control group, and furthermore the expression of SOCS3 was also increased due to the activation of JAK2 and STAT3, while ruxolitinib inactivated JAK2 and STAT3 pathway and decreased SOCS3 expression. Conclusion : Taken together, inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway may be a novel method for the clinical treatment of artery atherosclerosis.
Current Status of Periodontal Disease in Adults in Takahagi, Japan:A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sekino Satoshi , Takahashi Ryoichi , Numabe Yukihiro , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : To date, a few studies have documented the detailed periodontal conditions of a Japanese population. It is important to know if the awareness of Japanese nationals and dentists regarding oral hygiene and prevention of periodontal disease have improved when compared with the past in Japan for the development of future scenarios regarding prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the severity, prevalence, and extent of periodontal disease in the adult population of the city of Takahagi, Japan. Results were also compared with those of an epidemiological study performed in Japan in the 1980s.
Methods : A total of 582 (aged 20 to 89 years) randomly sampled Takahagi residents answered a comprehensive questionnaire and participated in clinical examinations.
Results : The mean percentages of tooth surfaces harboring plaque and exhibiting BOP were 59.5 ± 24.9% and 31.1 ± 21.1%, respectively. The mean PPD and CAL were 2.5 ± 0.5 mm and 2.9 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. Compared with results of the 1980s survey, the mean percentages of plaque and bleeding on probing were lower in the current population. The mean CAL and prevalence of attachment loss of ³5 mm in some age groups were higher in the present study than in the 1980s study. There were no statistically significant differences with respect to mean probing depth between the 1980s and current age groups.
Conclusions : Periodontal disease was still prevalent in the current Japanese population, even though some improvement occurred. Proper public health programs therefore need to be established.
Jejunal inflammatory cytokines, barrier proteins and microbiome-metabolome responses to early supplementary feeding of Bamei suckling piglets﻿
Authors: Jipeng Jin , Jia Jianlei , Zhang Liping , Chen Qian , Zhang Xiaoyan , Sun Weibo , Ma Cunming , Xu Fafang , Zhan Shoujun , Ma Limin , Zhou Guihua , Chen Qiaoxi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Dietary intervention has been reported to improve intestinal health. The intestinal microbiota of newborn animals plays a fundamental role in the development of intestinal function and the innate immune system. However, little is currently known about dietary interventions in the gut microbiota and barrier function of livestock, especially suckling Bamei piglets. To this end, we studied the effect of early dietary supplementation on intestinal bacterial communities and intestinal barrier function in piglets.Results: 10 purebred Bamei sows were randomly allocated into two groups. In group one, the piglets received a supplementary milk replacer on day 7 of age, whereas the other control group was allowed sow’s milk alone. At 21 days, 18 and 17, respectively, piglets in each group of average weight were randomly selected and sacrificed. Tissue and digesta samples were collected from the jejunum to evaluate differences in the microbiome-metabolome and the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TLR4, TNFα and IL-8) and barrier proteins (ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1)). Sequencing of 16S rRNA revealed that early supplementary feeding improved (p<0.05) the gut microbiome composition of Bamei suckling piglets. In addition, metabolomics analyses demonstrated simuitaneous responses as, mang gut microflora–related metabolites were also being affected. Meanwhile, early supplementary feeding of Bamei suckling piglets altered the gene expression of inflammatory cytokine and barrier protein in the jejunum. Conclusions: In summary, these results provide important insights on the relationships between jejunal microbiota and related metabolites, and jejunal barrier function during the early life of Bamei suckling piglets.