bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the efficiency of frozen soils excavation using high-frequency vibration
Authors: Ilyukhin A V , Marsov V I , Marsova E V , Syetina T A , Dzhabrailov K A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Loosening machines occupy a special place for mechanization of earth-moving. Despite rapid development of new methods for soils excavation and specialized machines, the mechanical method of their destruction by rippers in the near future will remain the most effective in most operating conditions. This is explained by relative simplicity of rippers design, wide scope and versatility of their applications, high productivity and low cost per unit of work performed. Rippers play a special role while excavating rocky and frozen soils, and in the latter case, the issue of loosening is particularly relevant, since the area occupied by permafrost is 58% of our country, and together with seasonally frozen soils it covers almost 90% of its territory. One of the most rational ways to intensify the processes of loosening are high-frequency oscillations of the ripper working body in the sonic range using resonant magnetostrictive vibrators. A new approach to the design of a loosening process control system is needed, which covers a range of issues related to development of new principles and methods of automation. Only in this way it will be possible to significantly improve the technical and economic indicators of loosening machines, to avoid influence on them of significant fluctuations in quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soil. Analysis of loosening processes showed that earthworks in heavy soils using traditional methods and mechanisms of loosening are not sufficiently effective first of all due to insufficient use of energy potential of loosening machine. Therefore, one of the most important tasks that needs to be solved when introducing the methods of vibro-loosening of frozen soils is to increase energy efficiency of these processes. Since traditional methods for excavation of frozen soils require substantial energy costs of 5–6 kW per m3, the introduction of the proposed system makes it possible to reduce these costs by 15–20%.
Flywheel energy storage systems for autonomous energy systems with renewable energy sources
Authors: Kovalev K , Poltavets V , Kolchanova I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the main problems of introducing energy systems using renewable energy sources is its dependence on climatic conditions during the year. The instability of incoming energy leads to significant fluctuations in power, voltage and frequency of alternating current in the network. Modern technologies do not yet allow achieving sustainable energy systems, which are driven only by 100% usage of renewable energy. Nowadays production of high-quality electricity is possible with parallel connection of traditional sources and using energy storage systems. This article presents design solutions for application of flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) in autonomous energy systems used by foreign companies. We describe the design of superconducting FESS with magnetic HTS suspension with stored energy of more than 5 MJ, which is the first in Russia.
Dependence of power supply systems reliability on the type of redundancy
Authors: Baburin S V , Zyrin V O , Kovalchuk M S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with power supply systems reliability of gas pumping compressor stations. Comparative analysis of the system reliability with hot, warm and cold reserve is processed. The modelling was performed using the software complex “ARBITR”. Dependability measures were determined for different types of power supply systems with different set and number of power sources including centralized power supply system, autonomous power stations and others. Recommendations on the use of various types of redundancy for various structures of power supply systems are given.
Employment of a centrifugal turbine for the utilization of the natural gas energy within the process of pressure reduction
Authors: Fokin G A , Smirnov M V , Zabelin N A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is no doubt that turboexpander generation technology has considerable benefits such as reduction of CO2 emission and maintaining autonomous power supply for gas letdown stations and some technological processes. In spite of the abovementioned advantages of this technology its further development faces challenges due to: 1. long payback period of plants with conventional turbines; 2. significant annual fluctuations of gas inlet parameters; 3. high demands of conventional turbines for working fluid cleanliness. In current study the bladeless centrifugal reaction turbine was considered in order to struggle with abovementioned constraints. The investigated turbine is a variation of so-called Segner wheel known for centuries. Its efficiency is lower comparing with the conventional rotary machines, but remains beneficial within the specific conditions of turboexpander application. A comparison of the proposed turbine and axial transonic one was provided within a wide range of pressure ratios as typical operating conditions. The advantages of the investigated centrifugal turbine such as ability to generate comparable power as conventional ones while having lower cost and higher mud and erosion resistance has been highlighted.
Pseudo random binary signal for MIMO frequency response identification of a magnetically levitated rotor system
Authors: Nevaranta Niko , Vuojolainen Jouni , Sillanpää Teemu , Pyrhönen Olli 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
High-speed machine technology with magnetically levitated rotor systems has become interesting solution in modern compressor, pump and turbo applications. Often, the commissioning of such machines is system identification-based with injected artificially generated excitation. In this paper a statistically uncorrelated PRBS design is proposed for multi-input multi-output MIMO system that gives the possibility to utilize same PRBS signal for all inputs. The proposed routine is validated with an experimental high-speed generator with active magnetic bearings (AMBs). The obtained frequency responses are validated by comparing the results with the mathematical model.
NLH calculation of the influence the inlet nonuniformity on the fan parameters
Authors: Popov Grigorii , Volkov Andrey , Goriachkin Evgenii , Baturin Oleg 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of the effect of flow nonuniformities at the engine inlet on the working process of the engine fan. Flow nonuniformities is created by pushing the interceptor into the flow part of inlet device like as it is often done during field tests. The authors have created a numerical model capable of considering non-stationary pro-cesses in the fan using nonlinear harmonic analysis. As a re-sult, qualitative and quantitative estimates were obtained of the influence of overlapping of the inlet duct by the interceptor on the main parameters of the fan workflow. It is shown that the more the duct is blocked, the more its parameters are deteriorated. Moreover, the deterioration is not linear, but according to.
From resinous wood distillation to hydrogen energy (questions of the history of pyrogenation)
Authors: Aleshina Alena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Substantial contribution to development of electrical engineering was made in the 19th century. Indeed, in the early 19th century centralized gas lighting systems were established first in England, and then in the rest of Europe and North America, and then it was switched to electric lighting by 1880s. Before electricity became widespread and suitable for general public use, gas was the most popular method of indoor and outdoor lighting in cities. The article is devoted to the history of development of thermochemical technologies for the decomposition of wood and other carbon-containing materials (coal, oil, shale, peat) in order to obtain heat and related valuable products for various purposes. Special attention is paid to the development of gasification technologies of low-quality solid fuels; featuring periods of increasing demand for similar technologies and periods of a sharp decline. As a result of the analysis of world experience in the field of gasification technologies, it is shown that, generator gas theoretically can be used for energy purposes, for example to drive automobiles or internal combustion engines, to be the fuel of CHP plants of different capacity, as well as to be included into the schemes with fuel cells for the development of hydrogen energy.
The development of simulation complex of isolated power supply system functioning under principles of «microgrid»
Authors: Sosnina E N , Kryukov E V , Ivanov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is necessary, while designing new and modernizing oexisting electricity supply system (SS), both to seek to improve uniformity of electricity load and to increase the generation of electricity due to an alternative energy source. These facts are contradictory in terms of practical implementation because of stochastic nature of wind power plant, solar panels etc. The only solution is the transition from centralized to decentralized development of power industry, which is based on aggregation of distributed energy resources (including renewable energy sources (RES) and the applying the principles of «Internet of Energy», «Virtual power plant », «Microgrid » etc.) The using of this approach for designing isolated power system could reduce high energy cost which was caused by transport component. Pilot operation of the same energy systems without preliminary studies has high technical and economic risks. For that reason, it required a developing of simulation complex modelling system’s work. The article includes scientific and technological solutions for designing simulation complex of isolated power system, which function in “microgrid” and consist of models of sources and energy storage devices. Dependence of energetic parameters for different input parameter have been obtained. The concept of hardware/software solution, which provide opportunity for testing and researching algorithms of control system, have been presented also.
Topological quantum weak antilocalization limit and anomalous Hall effect in semimagnetic Bi2−xCrxSe3/Bi2Se3−yTey heterostructure
Authors: Kanagaraj Moorthi , Yizhe Sun , Ning Jiai , Zhao Yafei , Tu Jian , Zou Wenqin , He Liang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Magnetic topological insulator hosts both a non-trivial surface band and quantum anomalous Hall effect when tuning the time reversal symmetry by various chemical doping into the system. Using molecular beam epitaxy, we have synthesized Bi2−xCrxSe3/Bi2Se3−yTey heterostructure, which was scrutinized via in situ angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, ex situ x-ray diffraction, Raman, and x-ray photoemission characteristics analyzing techniques. We used the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka formula for quantifying the weak antilocalization limit in Bi2−xCrxSe3 and Bi2Se3−yTey non-magnetic layer coupling near the ferromagnetic transition temperature (∼7 K). A higher concentration of Cr (1.5%) in Bi site leads to bulk carrier density for entire cooling temperature with a bandgap of 85 meV. The proximity effect of Te doped Bi2Se3 with magnetic topological insulator degrades the ferromagnetic response for this heterostructure. Our study suggests that the manipulation of disorder free magnetic top layer and fine tuning of spin–orbit coupling strength in the bottom topological insulator can be helpful to understand the high temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect towards relativistic quantum electronics applications.
An effective parametrization of gust profiles during severe wind conditions
Authors: van den Brink Henk W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A simple and effective parameterization for the profile of extreme wind gusts during severe wind conditions is presented. It is shown that the gust profile follows directly from the logarithmic wind profile. Also the uncertainty in the gust estimates can easily be determined from information of the average wind speed at two different heights. One specification of practical importance is that the maximum 3s-gust in a 10 min period at 10 m height is arithmetically equal to the average wind at 140 m. At larger heights the gusts are equal to the average wind speed at an easily determinable height that is a factor α (α > 1) higher. Validation over The Netherlands indicates that this rule applies to heights up to at least 200 m. This outcome is validated both over land and over sea, and is independent of surface roughness. The proposed parameterization reproduces the climatological values of the measured extreme wind gusts. Maximum gusts for individual winter months are better represented than for individual summer months. The mean error in the monthly winter maxima estimates is 5%.
Impact of discharge medication bedside delivery service on hospital reutilization
Authors: Patel Avni , Dodd Melanie A , D'Angio Richard , Hellinga Robert , Ahmed Ali , Vanderwoude Michael , Sarangarm Preeyaporn 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of a medication to bedside delivery (meds-to-beds) service on hospital reutilization in an adult population.

Methods
A retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study was conducted within a regional academic medical center from January 2017 to July 2017. Adult patients discharged from an internal medicine unit with at least one maintenance medication were evaluated. The primary outcome was the incidence of 30-day hospital reutilization between two groups: discharged patients who received meds-to-beds versus those who did not. Additionally, the incidence of 30-day hospital reutilization between the two groups was compared within predefined subgroup patient populations: polypharmacy, high-risk medication use, and patients with a principal discharge diagnosis meeting the criteria set by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 30-day risk standardized readmission measures.

Results
A total of 600 patients were included in the study (300 patients in the meds-to-beds group and 300 patients in the control group). The 30-day hospital reutilization (emergency department visits and/or hospital readmissions) related to the index visit was lower in the meds-to-beds group, but the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (8.0% in the meds-to-beds group versus 10.0% in the control group; odds ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.45–1.37). There was no significant difference in the 30-day hospital reutilization related to the index visit between the control and meds-to-beds groups within the three subgroups analyzed.

Conclusion
There was no difference in 30-day hospital reutilization related to the index visit with the implementation of meds-to-beds service in the absence of other transitions-of-care interventions.
Role Models in Language Learning: Results of a Large-Scale International Survey
Authors: Muir Christine , Dörnyei Zoltán , Adolphs Svenja 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Role models can exert considerable influence in shaping individuals’ values, attitudes, and beliefs. A large body of work in the social sciences has investigated the influence of celebrity role models, and in the context of education, several disciplines have a rich research history in this area (e.g. medical education). However, in the context of second language acquisition, research centred on role models has largely remained on the periphery. This study presents a large-scale international survey investigating the role models of English language learners. With data collected from 8,472 participants, analysis investigated whether these learners had English language role models, who the role models were and what characteristics learners valued in them, and investigated systematic variation among subgroups. Results showed that 68 per cent of respondents reported having an English language role model, and four key role model dimensions emerged: overall command of English, paralinguistic features, personal attributes and accent/variety of English. We argue that role modelling may be a highly influential component of the psychological context of second-language acquisition, and conclude by highlighting several valuable areas for future research.
Measuring Quality of Life in Female Genital Cosmetic Procedure Patients: A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Maynard Pascale , Hamori Christine A , Oates Jayson , Sarwer David B , Kulkarni Jayashri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In the subspecialty of female genital cosmetic procedures, patient satisfaction and quality of life are key outcome measures. As such, valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) examining these outcomes are essential.

Objectives
The authors sought to identify and scrutinize all PROMs developed for female patients undergoing genital cosmetic procedures.

Methods
The authors performed a systematic literature review utilizing MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE, Ebase, Embase, OVID, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar to identify PROMs developed and validated for utilization in female genital cosmetic procedure patients. Instruments identified were assessed according to international guidelines for health outcome measures development and validation.

Results
The authors identified 50 outcome questionnaires employed in the female genital cosmetic procedure literature. Of these, 26 were ad hoc instruments (ie, had not been formally developed and tested) and 22 were generic instruments (ie, intended for use in broad groups of people, not only specific patient groups). Only 2 instruments have been validated in a female genital cosmetic procedure patient population. These were the Genital Appearance Satisfaction scale and the Cosmetic Procedure Screening Scale–Labiaplasty. Although both these scales had undergone fairly rigorous psychometric development and validation, both had content limitations.

Conclusions
There is a lack of specific, valid, and reliable satisfaction and quality-of-life PROMs in the field of female genital cosmetic procedures. Future research should involve the development of such measures to more accurately assess the outcomes and benefits of these procedures.
Lipid metabolic pathways converge in motor neuron degenerative diseases
Authors: Rickman Olivia J , Baple Emma L , Crosby Andrew H 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMotor neuron diseases (MNDs) encompass an extensive and heterogeneous group of upper and/or lower motor neuron degenerative disorders, in which the particular clinical outcomes stem from the specific neuronal component involved in each condition. While mutations in a large number of molecules associated with lipid metabolism are known to be implicated in MNDs, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the key functional pathways involved, and their inter-relationships. This review highlights evidence that defines defects within two specific lipid (cholesterol/oxysterol and phosphatidylethanolamine) biosynthetic cascades as being centrally involved in MND, particularly hereditary spastic paraplegia. We also identify how other MND-associated molecules may impact these cascades, in particular through impaired organellar interfacing, to propose ‘subcellular lipidome imbalance’ as a likely common pathomolecular theme in MND. Further exploration of this mechanism has the potential to identify new therapeutic targets and management strategies for modulation of disease progression in hereditary spastic paraplegias and other MNDs.
Neural Patterns in Linguistic Cortices Discriminate the Content of Verbal Working Memory
Authors: Kowialiewski Benjamin , Van Calster Laurens , Attout Lucie , Phillips Christophe , Majerus Steve 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn influential theoretical account of working memory (WM) considers that WM is based on direct activation of long-term memory knowledge. While there is empirical support for this position in the visual WM domain, direct evidence is scarce in the verbal WM domain. This question is critical for models of verbal WM, as the question of whether short-term maintenance of verbal information relies on direct activation within the long-term linguistic knowledge base or not is still debated. In this study, we examined the extent to which short-term maintenance of lexico-semantic knowledge relies on neural activation patterns in linguistic cortices, and this by using a fast encoding running span task for word and nonword stimuli minimizing strategic encoding mechanisms. Multivariate analyses showed specific neural patterns for the encoding and maintenance of word versus nonword stimuli. These patterns were not detectable anymore when participants were instructed to stop maintaining the memoranda. The patterns involved specific regions within the dorsal and ventral pathways, which are considered to support phonological and semantic processing to various degrees. This study provides novel evidence for a role of linguistic cortices in the representation of long-term memory linguistic knowledge during WM processing.
The COMPARE Data Hubs
Authors: Amid Clara , Pakseresht Nima , Silvester Nicole , Jayathilaka Suran , Lund Ole , Dynovski Lukasz D , Pataki Bálint Á , Visontai Dávid , Xavier Basil Britto , Alako Blaise T F , Belka Ariane , Cisneros Jose L B , Cotten Matthew , Haringhuizen George B , Harrison Peter W , Höper Dirk , Holt Sam , Hundahl Camilla , Hussein Abdulrahman , Kaas Rolf S , Liu Xin , Leinonen Rasko , Malhotra-Kumar Surbhi , Nieuwenhuijse David F , Rahman Nadim , dos S Ribeiro Carolina , Skiby Jeffrey E , Schmitz Dennis , Stéger József , Szalai-Gindl János M , Thomsen Martin C F , Cacciò Simone M , Csabai István , Kroneman Annelies , Koopmans Marion , Aarestrup Frank , Cochrane Guy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Data sharing enables research communities to exchange findings and build upon the knowledge that arises from their discoveries. Areas of public and animal health as well as food safety would benefit from rapid data sharing when it comes to emergencies. However, ethical, regulatory and institutional challenges, as well as lack of suitable platforms which provide an infrastructure for data sharing in structured formats, often lead to data not being shared or at most shared in form of supplementary materials in journal publications. Here, we describe an informatics platform that includes workflows for structured data storage, managing and pre-publication sharing of pathogen sequencing data and its analysis interpretations with relevant stakeholders.