bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of hypotension on cerebral perfusion during general anesthesia induction: A prospective observational study in adults
Authors: Chaix Isabelle , Manquat Elsa , Liu Ngai , Casadio Maria Chiara , Ludes Pierre‐Olivier , Tantot Audrey , Lopes Jean‐Paul , Touchard Cyril , Mateo Joaquim , Mebazaa Alexandre , Gayat Etienne , Vallée Fabrice 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionDuring anesthesia, decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) are common but the impact on possible cerebral hypoperfusion remains a matter of debate. We evaluated cerebral perfusion in patients with or without cardiovascular comorbidities (Hi‐risk vs Lo‐risk) during induction of general anesthesia and during hypotensive episodes.MethodsPatients scheduled for neuroradiology procedure using standardized target‐controlled Propofol‐Remifentanil infusion were prospectively included. Monitoring included Transcranial Doppler (TCD) measuring mean blood velocity of the middle cerebral artery (Vm), Bispectral Index with burst suppression ratio (SR) and cerebral Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). Hypotensive episodes were treated with a 10 µg bolus of Norepinephrine.ResultsEighty‐one patients were included, 37 Hi‐risk and 44 Lo‐risk. During induction of anesthesia, MAP and Vm decreased in all patients, with greater changes observed in Hi‐risk patients compared to Lo‐risk patients (−34 [38‐29]% vs −17 [25‐8]%, P < .001 and −39 [45‐29]% vs −28 [34‐19]%, P < .01 respectively). In Hi‐risk patients, the MAP‐decrease correlated with the Vm‐decrease (r = .48, P < .01), and was associated with more frequent occurrences of SR (21 vs 5 patients, P < .01 for Hi‐risk vs Lo‐risk). For the MAP‐increase induced by norepinephrine, the Vm‐increase was greater in Hi‐risk than in Lo‐risk patients (+15 [8‐21]% vs +4 [1‐11]%, P < .01). During induction and norepinephrine boluses, NIRS values did not follow acute changes of Vm.ConclusionOur results showed that Hi‐risk patients had a higher decrease in MAP and Vm, and a higher occurrence of SR during induction of anesthesia than Lo‐risk patients. Correction of MAP with norepinephrine increased Vm mainly in Hi‐rik patients.
Heterogenous treatment effects of transfusion thresholds by patient age: Post‐hoc analysis of the TRISS trial
Authors: Jonsson Andreas Bender , Granholm Anders , Rygård Sofie Louise , Broksø Holst Lars , Møller Morten Hylander , Perner Anders 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundUse of a lower haemoglobin (Hb) threshold to guide red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is now generally recommended in critically ill patients, but uncertainty remains regarding the optimal Hb threshold for RBC transfusion in patients of different ages.MethodsWe conducted a post‐hoc analysis of 998 patients with septic shock and anaemia randomised to RBC transfusion at a Hb threshold of 7 g/dl [4.3 mmol/l] vs 9 g/dl [5.6 mmol/l] in the Transfusion Requirements in Septic Shock (TRISS) trial. We assessed if there were heterogeneous effects between the allocated Hb threshold and patient age categorised and on the continuous scale. The primary outcome was 1‐year mortality; the secondary outcome was 90‐day mortality. Both outcomes were analysed using logistic regression models and in sensitivity analyses with additional adjusting for site of enrolment, presence of haematological malignancy and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. The secondary analyses were Kaplan‐Meier curves with corresponding log‐rank tests.ResultsWe found no heterogeneity between patient age and the allocated Hb thresholds for RBC transfusion for 1‐year mortality or 90‐day mortality in the primary analyses. The sensitivity analyses suggested heterogeneity between age groups regarding 90‐day mortality, however, this was not consistent for 1‐year mortality or when assessing age on the continuous scale.ConclusionIn this post‐hoc study of ICU patients with septic shock, we found no reliable heterogeneous effects of transfusion at a Hb threshold of 7 vs 9 g/dl according to patient age on mortality. However, due to low power, this study should only be considered as hypothesis generating.
Adenogasteria leguminivora Davis & Vargas gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new seed‐feeding micromoth associated with Fabaceae in Peru and Chile
Authors: Davis Donald R , Farfán Jackie , Cerdeña José , Huanca‐Mamani Wilson , Vargas Héctor A , Vargas‐Ortiz Marcelo , Gonçalves Gislene L , Moreira Gilson R P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe adult, pupa, larva and biology of Adenogasteria leguminivora Davis & Vargas gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Ornixolinae) from Peru and Chile are described and illustrated. This micromoth was previously reported in the agronomic literature as a pest of Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) (Fabaceae) in Peru, but its taxonomic status remained unknown until now. Its larvae feed on the seeds of three legume trees: Acacia macracantha, C. spinosa and Inga feuillei. Adenogasteria leguminivora superficially resembles other sympatric gracillariids but can be separated on key morphological features and host plant preferences. Eggs of A. leguminivora are laid on the fruit surface, from where the larva burrows until it reaches the cotyledons, which are mined by the two early (sap‐feeding) instars and almost completely consumed by the last three (tissue‐feeding) instars. Subsequently, the mature larva leaves the fruit and constructs an elongated silk cocoon ornamented with a few silk bubbles before pupation. A maximum likelihood analysis of DNA barcodes clustered the A. leguminivora sequences as a single independent phylogenetic unit within Ornixolinae, sister to the Chileoptilia + Philodoria clade, regardless of the host plant and geographic origin of the samples. The genetic divergence of A. leguminivora to the nearest neighbour in COI barcodes was >10%.
Extracorporeal life support during and after bilateral sequential lung transplantation in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension
Authors: Dell’Amore Andrea , Campisi Alessio , Congiu Stefano , Mazzarra Sara , Pastore Saverio , Dolci Giampiero , Baiocchi Massimo , Frascaroli Guido 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator instead of standard cardiopulmonary bypass during lung transplantation is debatable. Moreover, recently, the concept of prolonged postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) support has been introduced in many transplant centers to prevent primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and improve early and long‐term results. The objective of this study was to review the results of our extracorporeal life support strategy during and after bilateral sequential lung transplantation (BSLT) for pulmonary artery hypertension. We review retrospectively our experience in BSLT for pulmonary artery hypertension between January 2010 and August 2018. A total of 38 patients were identified. Nine patients were transplanted using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in eight cases CPB was followed by a prolonged ECMO (pECMO) support, 14 patients were transplanted on central ECMO support, and seven patients were transplanted with central ECMO support followed by a pECMO assistance. The effects of different support strategies were evaluated, in particular in‐hospital morbidity, mortality, incidence of PGD, and long‐term follow‐up. The use of CPB was associated with poor postoperative results and worse long‐term survival compared with ECMO‐supported patients. Predictive preoperative factors for the need of intraoperative CPB instead of ECMO were identified. The pECMO strategy had a favorable effect to mitigate postoperative morbidity and mortality, not only in intraoperative ECMO‐supported patients, but even in CPB‐supported cases. In our experience, ECMO may be considered as the first choice circulatory support for lung transplantation. Sometimes, in very complex cases, CBP is still necessary. The pECMO strategy is very effective to reduce incidence of PGD even in CPB‐supported patients.
Spatial patterns of tree recruitment in a montane Hawaiian wet forest after cattle removal and pig population control
Authors: Ibanez Thomas , Hart Patrick J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractQuestionWe measured tree recruitment over approx. 17 to 18 years after cattle removal and pig population control in a Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) montane wet forest. We analysed how tree recruitment varies in space and between species.LocationHakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Island of Hawai'i.MethodsAll woody plants with diameter at breast height ≥5 cm were surveyed twice at approx. 17‐ to 18‐year intervals in 200 circular plots (15‐m radius) located in two sites. We used generalized linear mixed models to analyse how the number of recruits of wind‐ and bird‐dispersed species per plot varied between plots as a function of the number and sizes of remaining trees, grass cover, distance to the forest–grassland edge, and the identity of sites. Within plots, for each species we analysed the density distribution of recruits as a function of a neighbourhood crowding index and grass cover. Observed distributions were compared to null distributions.ResultsAbout 4,000 recruits representing seven species were inventoried. Wind‐dispersed species tended to recruit randomly, including in open, grassy areas. The number of bird‐dispersed recruits was negatively associated with grass cover and positively associated with basal area of remaining trees. Bird‐dispersed species recruited more in areas with an intermediate neighbourhood crowding index. The number of recruits was strongly correlated with the number of remaining trees for each species. One species, Cheirodendron trigynum (Araliaceae), recruited twice as much as expected given the number of remnant trees.ConclusionsThe high levels of recruitment of all species were likely due to cattle removal as well as pig population control. Competition with grasses constitutes the main limiting factor for tree recruitment following removal of ungulates. Remnant Metrosideros polymorpha likely create favourable conditions for the recruitment of bird‐dispersed species. Higher seed production and growth rates likely allowed Cheirodendron trigynum to recruit much more than the other species.
Cross‐sectional and within‐subject seasonality and regularity of hospitalizations: A population study in mood disorders and schizophrenia
Authors: Bakstein Eduard , Mladá Karolína , Fárková Eva , Kolenič Marian , Španiel Filip , Manková Denisa , Korčáková Jana , Winkler Petr , Hajek Tomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSeasonal peaks in hospitalizations for mood disorders and schizophrenia are well recognized and often replicated. The within‐subject tendency to experience illness episodes in the same season, that is, seasonal course, is much less established, as certain individuals may temporarily meet criteria for seasonal course purely by chance.AimsIn this population, prospective cohort study, we investigated whether between and within‐subject seasonal patterns of hospitalizations occurred more frequently than would be expected by chance.MethodsUsing a compulsory, standardized national register of hospitalizations, we analyzed all admissions for mood disorders and schizophrenia in the Czech Republic between 1994 and 2013. We used bootstrap tests to compare the observed numbers of (a) participants with seasonal/regular course and (b) hospitalizations in individual months against empirical distributions obtained by simulations.ResultsAmong 87 184 participants, we found uneven distribution of hospitalizations, with hospitalization peaks for depression in April and November (X2(11) = 363.66, P < .001), for mania in August (X2(11) = 50.36, P < .001) and for schizophrenia in June (X2(11) = 70.34, P < .001). Significantly more participants than would be expected by chance, had two subsequent rehospitalizations in the same 90 days in different years (7.36%, bootstrap P < .01) or after a regular, but non‐seasonal interval (6.07%, bootstrap P < .001). The proportion of participants with two consecutive hospitalizations in the same season was below chance level (7.06%).ConclusionsPsychiatric hospitalizations were unevenly distributed throughout the year (cross‐sectional seasonality), with evidence for regularity, but not seasonality of hospitalizations within subjects. Our data do not support the validity of seasonal pattern specifier. Season may be a general risk factor, which increases the risk of hospitalizations across psychiatric participants.
Interleukin‐33‐nuclear factor‐κB‐CCL2 signaling pathway promotes progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by directing regulatory T cells
Authors: Yue Ying , Lian Jingyao , Wang Tian , Luo Chenghan , Yuan Yiqiang , Qin Guohui , Zhang Bin , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEsophageal cancer is currently one of the most fatal cancers. However, there is no effective treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)‐33 has a significant role in tumor progression and metastasis. Currently, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism of IL‐33 in promoting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether IL‐33 could induce the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ESCC. Interleukin‐33 expression was examined in ESCC and corresponding adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time PCR experiments. Elevated IL‐33 levels were observed in ESCC tissues. Further in vitro experiments were undertaken to elucidate the effect of IL‐33 on migration and invasion in KYSE‐450 and Eca‐109 esophageal cancer cells. Knockdown of IL‐33 decreased the metastasis and invasion capacity in esophageal cancer cells, whereas IL‐33 overexpression showed the opposite effect. We then screened CCL2 which is a downstream molecule of IL‐33, and proved that IL‐33 could promote tumor development and metastasis by recruiting regulatory T cells (Tregs) through CCL2, and IL‐33 regulated the expression of CCL2 through transforming growth factor‐β in Treg cells. Knockdown of IL‐33 decreased the development of human ESCC xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. Collectively, we found that the IL‐33/nuclear factor‐κB/CCL2 pathway played an essential role in human ESCC progress. Hence, IL‐33 should be considered as an effective therapy target for ESCC.
Outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes with diabetic macular oedema: Data from the Fight Retinal Blindness! Registry
Authors: Bhandari Sanjeeb , Biechl Anne C. , Nguyen Vuong , Squirrell David , Mehta Hemal , Barthelmes Daniel , Gillies Mark C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractImportanceThere are limited data on real‐world outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes receiving intravitreal treatments for diabetic macular oedema (DMO).BackgroundCataract surgery may exacerbate oedema in some eyes with DMO resulting in inferior outcomes.DesignMatched, case‐controlled retrospective study of observational data in routine clinical practice.ParticipantsEyes receiving intravitreal treatments for DMO tracked in the Fight Retinal Blindness! Registry.MethodsEyes that underwent cataract surgery were identified and matched 1:1 with phakic controls also receiving intravitreal injections for DMO. We also assessed potential factors that were associated with better visual acuity (VA) outcomes.Main Outcome MeasuresChange in VA 6 months after cataract surgery.ResultsCataract surgery was identified in 208 eyes of 156 patients of which 147 eyes had 6 months of observations before and after surgery. The mean VA 6 months after surgery improved by 10.6 letters and was similar to their matched phakic controls (68.8 vs 69.2 letters; P = 0.8). Mean CST both 6 months before (341 μm) and after (360 μm) surgery were similar (P = 0.08). However, these eyes had thicker maculae and they received more injections than their matched phakic controls both before and after surgery. Eyes with worse VA before surgery and those that had received intravitreal treatment in the 4 weeks preceding surgery were more likely to gain vision.Conclusions and RelevanceVisual outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes receiving intravitreal therapy for DMO were reasonably better. Their maculae were thicker and required more injections in the 6 months before and after surgery than their phakic controls.
Denture use and osteoradionecrosis following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Abed Hassan , Burke Mary , Scambler Sasha , Scott Suzanne E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is strongly recommended to extract teeth with poor prognosis in head and neck cancer (HaNC) patients prior starting treatment with radiotherapy to avoid need for extraction post‐radiotherapy and prevent development of osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Dental extraction means that patients are often left with insufficient teeth leading to psychological problems and reducing their quality of life post‐radiotherapy. Some clinicians do not advocate the use of dentures in HaNC patients claiming that dentures might lead to soft tissue irritation followed by ORN when constructed on irradiated jaws.AimsThis systematic review aimed to investigate the existing evidence regarding the impact of denture use on the development of ORN in HaNC patients post‐radiotherapy.MethodsThis systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Three database systems were used: Ovid Medline, EMBASE and PsycINFO. PROSPERO was searched for ongoing or recently completed systematic reviews. The https://ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for ongoing or recently completed trials. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used to assess quality of studies being reviewed.ResultsOnly three retrospective case‐control studies were included. Numbers of participants included in the three studies are limited with incomparable types of mucosal dentures. None of the studies described the method of measurement of the exposure (denture use) in a standard, validated and reliable way.ConclusionThe three included studies suggested no link between denture use and development of ORN. However, very little evidence exists and the robustness of the studies is questionable. Well‐powered studies are needed.
New Daily Persistent Headache Following Dengue Fever: Report of Three Cases and an Epidemiological Study
Authors: de Abreu Letícia Volpe , Oliveira Cecília Barbosa , Bordini Carlos Alberto , Valença Marcelo Moraes 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionDengue fever is currently a significant public health problem as an emerging pandemic‐prone viral disease in many parts of the world. Up to 100 million individuals, distributed in over 100 countries, are estimated to be infected annually, putting nearly half of the world’s population at risk. The headache associated with dengue fever is considered to be very intense, bilateral, throbbing, frontal, and retro‐orbital. New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a relatively rare headache entity. It has already been reported that systemic infectious disease may precede the onset of NDPH. We report the data of an epidemiologic study analyzing the cases of NDPH among 450 subjects who had dengue fever.MethodThe study was performed in a medium‐size town in southeastern Brazil (Franca, population 370,000). During the year 2015, 600 cases of dengue fever were reported to the Franca Health Authority. All these patients were contacted by telephone, and 450 of the patients were located and interviewed.ResultsOf these 450 interviews, three possible cases of NDPH were identified.ConclusionThe observed prevalence of NDPH attributed to dengue fever was 1:150 cases of dengue fever (0.67%).
Higher densities of tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes and CD4+ T cells predict recurrence and progression of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
Authors: Thike Aye Aye , Chen Xiaoyang , Koh Valerie Cui Yun , Binte Md Nasir Nur Diyana , Yeong Joe P S , Bay Boon Huat , Tan Puay Hoon 
Published: December 2019

AimsHost immunity influences cancer progression and therapeutic response. We investigated the potential of tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) around ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in predicting recurrence and progression.Methods and resultsCD4, CD8, programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression in DCIS from 198 patients was determined by immunohistochemistry. We correlated disease‐free survival (DFS), clinicopathological parameters and biomarker expression with TIL density and CD4/CD8 ratio. High TIL density was associated with high nuclear grade (P < 0.001), DCIS PD‐L1 expression (P = 0.008), TIL PD‐L1 expression (P < 0.001), oestrogen (ER) negativity (P < 0.001), progesterone (PR) negativity (P < 0.001), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity (P = 0.002) and triple negativity (P = 0.001). TIL PD‐L1 expression was associated with triple‐negative DCIS (P = 0.028). TIL density was associated with molecular subtypes (P < 0.001). High CD4+ T cell density was associated with high nuclear grade (P = 0.001), microinvasion (P = 0.037), ER negativity (P < 0.001), PR negativity (P = 0.001), HER2 positivity (P = 0.004), triple negativity (P = 0.023) and PD‐L1 expression in TILs (P < 0.011). High CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with PD‐L1 expression in DCIS (P = 0.035) and TILs (P < 0.001). DCIS with higher TIL density disclosed worse DFS (P = 0.012) and was affirmed with multivariate analysis [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.109–2.554, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.683, P = 0.014]. Poorer DFS for ipsilateral invasive recurrence was found for DCIS with higher CD4+ T cell density (P = 0.006) or CD4/CD8 ratio (P = 0.02), confirmed by multivariate analysis for the former (95% CI = 1.369–10.196, HR = 3.736, P = 0.01) and latter (95% CI = 1.311–7.935, HR = 3.225, P = 0.011).ConclusionDCIS with higher TIL density was associated with poorer prognostic parameters and predicted recurrence, while both CD4+ T cell density and CD4/CD8 ratio were associated with both recurrence and ipsilateral invasive recurrence.