bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic-assisted preparation of RGD-decorated nanoparticles: exploring integrin-facilitated uptake in cancer cell lines
Authors: Rios De La Rosa Julio M. , Spadea Alice , Donno Roberto , Lallana Enrique , Lu Yu , Puri Sanyogitta , Caswell Patrick , Lawrence M. Jayne , Ashford Marianne , Tirelli Nicola 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study is about fine tuning the targeting capacity of peptide-decorated nanoparticles to discriminate between cells that express different integrin make-ups. Using microfluidic-assisted nanoprecipitation, we have prepared poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles with a PEGylated surface decorated with two different arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides: one is cyclic (RGDFC) and has specific affinity towards αvβ3 integrin heterodimers; the other is linear (RGDSP) and is reported to bind equally αvβ3 and α5β1. We have then evaluated the nanoparticle internalization in two cell lines with a markedly different integrin fingerprint: ovarian carcinoma A2780 (almost no αvβ3, moderate in α5β1) and glioma U87MG (very high in αvβ3, moderate/high in α5β1). As expected, particles with cyclic RGD were heavily internalized by U87MG (proportional to the peptide content and abrogated by anti-αvβ3) but not by A2780 (same as PEGylated particles). The linear peptide, on the other hand, did not differentiate between the cell lines, and the uptake increase vs. control particles was never higher than 50%, indicating a possible low and unselective affinity for various integrins. The strong preference of U87MG for cyclic (vs. linear) peptide-decorated nanoparticles was shown in 2D culture and further demonstrated in spheroids. Our results demonstrate that targeting specific integrin make-ups is possible and may open the way to more precise treatment, but more efforts need to be devoted to a better understanding of the relation between RGD structure and their integrin-binding capacity.
Changes in γH2AX and H4K16ac levels are involved in the biochemical response to a competitive soccer match in adolescent players
Authors: Kozioł Katarzyna , Zebrowski Jacek , Betlej Gabriela , Bator Ewelina , Czarny Wojciech , Bajorek Wojciech , Czarnota Bartłomiej , Czaja Robert , Król Paweł , Kwiatkowska Aleksandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine novel putative markers of the response to the competitive soccer match in adolescent players, such as changes in global levels of γH2AX and H4K16ac in the chromatin of peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBCs) and a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-based biochemical fingerprint of serum. These characteristics were examined with reference to the physiological and metabolic aspects of this response. Immediately post-match we noticed: (1) a systemic inflammatory response, manifesting as peaks in leukocyte count and changes in concentrations of IL-6, TNFα, and cortisol; (2) a peak in plasma lactate; (3) onset of oxidative stress, manifesting as a decline in GSH/GSSG; (4) onset of muscle injury, reflected in an increase in CK activity. Twenty-four hours post-match the decrease in GSH/GSSG was accompanied by accumulation of MDA and 8-OHdG, macromolecule oxidation end-products, and an increase in CK activity. No changes in SOD1 or GPX1 levels were found. Repeated measures correlation revealed several associations between the investigated biomarkers. The FTIR analysis revealed that the match had the greatest impact on serum lipid profile immediately post-game. In turn, increases in γH2AX and H4K16ac levels at 24 h post-match indicated activation of a DNA repair pathway.
The absence of metamictisation in natural monazite
Authors: Nasdala Lutz , Akhmadaliev Shavkat , Burakov Boris E. , Chanmuang N Chutimun , Škoda Radek 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe actinide-containing mineral monazite–(Ce) is a common accessory rock component that bears petrogenetic information, is widely used in geochronology and thermochronology, and is considered as potential host material for immobilisation of radioactive waste. Natural samples of this mineral show merely moderate degrees of radiation damage, despite having sustained high self-irradiation induced by the decay of Th and U (for the sample studied herein 8.9 ± 0.3 × 1019 α/g). This is assigned to low damage-annealing temperature of monazite–(Ce) and “alpha-particle-assisted reconstitution”. Here we show that the response of monazite–(Ce) to alpha radiation changes dramatically, depending on the damage state. Only in radiation-damaged monazite–(Ce), 4He ions cause gradual structural restoration. In contrast, its high-temperature annealed (i.e. well crystalline) analogue and synthetic CePO4 experience He-irradiation damage. Alpha-assisted annealing contributes to preventing irradiation-induced amorphisation (“metamictisation”) of monazite–(Ce); however, this process is only significant above a certain damage level.
Mass mortality in freshwater mussels (Actinonaias pectorosa) in the Clinch River, USA, linked to a novel densovirus
Authors: Richard Jordan C. , Leis Eric , Dunn Christopher D. , Agbalog Rose , Waller Diane , Knowles Susan , Putnam Joel , Goldberg Tony L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFreshwater mussels (order Unionida) are among the world’s most biodiverse but imperiled taxa. Recent unionid mass mortality events around the world threaten ecosystem services such as water filtration, nutrient cycling, habitat stabilization, and food web enhancement, but causes have remained elusive. To examine potential infectious causes of these declines, we studied mussels in Clinch River, Virginia and Tennessee, USA, where the endemic and once-predominant pheasantshell (Actinonaias pectorosa) has suffered precipitous declines since approximately 2016. Using metagenomics, we identified 17 novel viruses in Clinch River pheasantshells. However, only one virus, a novel densovirus (Parvoviridae;Densovirinae), was epidemiologically linked to morbidity. Clinch densovirus 1 was 11.2 times more likely to be found in cases (moribund mussels) than controls (apparently healthy mussels from the same or matched sites), and cases had 2.7 (log10) times higher viral loads than controls. Densoviruses cause lethal epidemic disease in invertebrates, including shrimp, cockroaches, crickets, moths, crayfish, and sea stars. Viral infection warrants consideration as a factor in unionid mass mortality events either as a direct cause, an indirect consequence of physiological compromise, or a factor interacting with other biological and ecological stressors to precipitate mortality.
Magnetic properties of the complex concentrated alloy system CoFeNi0.5Cr0.5Alx
Authors: Morley N. A. , Lim B. , Xi J. , Quintana-Nedelcos A. , Leong Z. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe study the change in magnetisation with paramagnetic Al addition in the CoFeNi0.5Cr0.5–Alx (x: 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5) complex concentrated alloy. The compositions were developed utilising the Mulliken electronegativity and d-electron/atom ratio. Spherical FeCr rich nanoprecipitates are observed for X: 1.0 and 1.5 in an AlCoNi-rich matrix. A ~ 5 × increase in magnetisation (from 22 to 96 Am2/kg) coincides with this nanoprecipitate formation—the main magnetic contribution is determined to be from FeCr nanoprecipitates. The magnetisation increase is strange as paramagnetic Al addition dilutes the ferromagnetic Fe/Co/Ni additions. In this paper we discuss the magnetic and structural characterisation of the CoFeNi0.5Cr0.5–Alx composition and attempt to relate it to the interfacial energy.
Broken symmetries and the related interface-induced effects at Weyl-system TaAs in proximity of noble metals
Authors: Maji Tuhin Kumar , Vaibhav Kumar , Pal Samir Kumar , Karmakar Debjani 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWeyl semimetal TaAs, congenially accommodating the massless Weyl fermions, furnishes a platform to observe a spontaneous breaking of either the time-reversal or the inversion symmetry and the concurrent genesis of pairs of Weyl nodes with significant topological durability. Former experimental analysis, which reveals that the near-zero spin-polarization of bulk TaAs, experiences a boost in proximity of point-contacts of non-magnetic metals along with the associated tip-induced superconductivity, provides the impetus to study the large-area stacked interfaces of TaAs with noble metals like Au and Ag. The primary outcomes of the present work can be listed as follows: (1) First-principles calculations on the interfacial systems have manifested an increment of the interface-induced spin-polarization and contact-induced transport spin-polarization of TaAs in proximity of noble metals; (2) In contrast to the single interface, for vertically stacked cases, the broken inversion symmetry of the system introduces a z-directional band-dispersion, resulting in an energetically separated series of non-degenerate band crossings. The simultaneous presence of such band-crossings and spin-polarization indicated the coexistence of both broken time reversal and inversion symmetries for metal-semimetal stacked interfaces; (3) quantum transport calculations on different device geometries reveal the importance of contact geometry for spin-transport in TaAs devices. Lateral contacts are found to be more effective in obtaining a uniform spin transport and larger transport spin polarization; (4) the phonon dispersion behaviour of TaAs displays a closure of band-gap with the associated increase of phonon-density of states for the acoustic modes in proximity of lateral contacts of noble metals.
Fabrication of gallium nitride and nitrogen doped single layer graphene hybrid heterostructures for high performance photodetectors
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Sanjay , Kandasamy Prabakaran , Raju Ramesh , Krishnan Baskar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGallium nitride (GaN) was epitaxially grown on nitrogen doped single layer graphene (N-SLG) substrates using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique. The results obtained using x-ray diffractometer (XRD) revealed the hexagonal crystal structure of GaN. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy revealed traces of oxygen, carbon and nitrogen occurring either as contamination or as an effect of doping during the GaN growth process. In addition, PL revealed a weak yellow luminescence peak in all the samples due to the presence of N-SLG. From the obtained results it was evident that, presence of N-SLG underneath GaN helped in improving the material properties. It was seen from the current–voltage (I–V) response that the barrier height estimated is in good agreement with the Schottky–Mott model, while the ideality factor is close to unity, emphasizing that there are no surface and interface related inhomogeneity in the samples. The photodetector fabricated with this material exhibit high device performances in terms of carrier mobility, sensitivity, responsivity and detectivity. The hall measurement values clearly portray that, the GaN thus grown possess high electron contents which was beneficial in attaining extraordinary device performance.
Emergent dispersal networks in dynamic wetlandscapes
Authors: Bertassello Leonardo E. , Aubeneau Antoine F. , Botter Gianluca , Jawitz James W. , Rao P. S. C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe connectivity among distributed wetlands is critical for aquatic habitat integrity and to maintain metapopulation biodiversity. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal fluctuations of wetlandscape connectivity driven by stochastic hydroclimatic forcing, conceptualizing wetlands as dynamic habitat nodes in dispersal networks. We hypothesized that spatiotemporal hydrologic variability influences the heterogeneity in wetland attributes (e.g., size and shape distributions) and wetland spatial organization (e.g., gap distances), in turn altering the variance of the dispersal network topology and the patterns of ecological connectivity. We tested our hypotheses by employing a DEM-based, depth-censoring approach to assess the eco-hydrological dynamics in a synthetically generated landscape and three representative wetlandscapes in the United States. Network topology was examined for two end-member connectivity measures: centroid-to-centroid (C2C), and perimeter-to-perimeter (P2P), representing the full range of within-patch habitat preferences. Exponentially tempered Pareto node-degree distributions well described the observed structural connectivity of both types of networks. High wetland clustering and attribute heterogeneity exacerbated the differences between C2C and P2P networks, with Pareto node-degree distributions emerging only for a limited range of P2P configuration. Wetlandscape network topology and dispersal strategies condition species survival and biodiversity.
Reg4 and complement factor D prevent the overgrowth of E. coli in the mouse gut
Authors: Qi Houbao , Wei Jianmei , Gao Yunhuan , Yang Yazheng , Li Yuanyuan , Zhu Hua , Su Lei , Su Xiaomin , Zhang Yuan , Yang Rongcun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe expansion ofEnterobacteriaceae, such asE. coliis a main characteristic of gut inflammation and is related to multiple human diseases. However, how to control theseE. coliovergrowth is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that gut complement factor D (CFD) plays an important role in eliminatingE. coli. IncreasedE. coli, which could stimulate inflammatory macrophages to induce colitis, were found in the gut of CFD deficient mice. We also showed that gut Reg4, which is expressed in gut epithelial cells, stimulated complement-mediated attack complexes to eliminateE. coli.Reg4deficient mice also had increasedE. coli. The dominantE. coliwere isolated from colitis tissues of mice and found to be sensitive to both CFD- and Reg4-mediated attack complexes. Thus, gut Reg4- and CFD-mediated membrane attack complexes may maintain gut homeostasis by killing inflammatoryE. coli.
Design of low sidelobe series microstrip array antenna with non‐uniform spacing and excitation amplitude
Authors: Xu TongMin , Yao MinLi , Zhang FengGan , Wang XuJian 
Published: September 2020

To reduce the sidelobe level (SLL), a ten‐element non‐uniform microstrip array antenna at 14.25 GHz frequency was designed. This Letter proposes an improved differential evolution algorithm, expanding the optimisation variable from one, the array element spacing, to two, the array element spacing and the excitation amplitude. Then a series linear array antenna with non‐uniform spacing and unequal excitation is constructed, and a uniform spacing Chebyshev array antenna and an equal excitation non‐uniform spacing array antenna are constructed as references. The experimental results show an SLL of −22 dB and a gain of 16.5 dB.
Linearly polarised modes enabled PAM‐4 data transmission over few‐mode fibre for data centre interconnect
Authors: Iqbal S. , Iqbal M. , Raza A. , Mirza J. , Ghafoor S. , El‐Hajjar M. , Butt M.F.U. 
Published: September 2020

This Letter proposes a high data rate optical transmission system for data centre interconnects, where the authors employ vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) and graded index few‐mode fibre (GI‐FMF) having modal bandwidth of around 24.3 GHz.km to enhance the link capacity and range. Additionally, they consider PAM‐4 modulated data transmission at the rate of 2 100 Gbps using a pair of VCSELs and employing mode group division multiplexing of two linearly polarised (LP) modes and of the GI‐FMF. Digital signal processing techniques are applied at the receiver to process the received PAM‐4 signals for equalisation in order to mitigate the channel impairments. Furthermore, standard OM3 and OM4 fibres are considered as a benchmark to compare the transmission performance of the designed GI‐FMF. They observe that the designed GI‐FMF supports longer transmission distance for both and modes upto 900 and 450 m at 50 and 100 Gbps data rates, respectively, while achieving lower receiver sensitivities for forward error correction limit of . The proposed optical transmission system can be a potential applicant in future data centre networks supporting transmission rates in 800 Gbps to 1.6 Tbps range.
Millimetre‐wave balanced SIW bandpass filter with high common‐mode suppression
Authors: Guo Zi‐Jun , Hao Zhang‐Cheng , Wu Yi‐Wen 
Published: September 2020

A balanced substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) filter based on a virtual electric wall (VEW) is presented and studied in this Letter. By introducing VEW on the symmetry plane for replacing the metallic‐via‐array, conductor losses from metal sidewalls can be avoided. As proof‐of‐concept example, a six‐pole balanced filter using asymmetric inductive windows is designed and fabricated with a measured centre frequency of 29.45 GHz, as well as fractional bandwidth of 7.2% to cover satellite ground terminal application. The measured response shows a good concordance with the simulated one, indicating that the proposed balanced filter has the advantages of high common‐mode suppression and low insertion loss.
Flexible photoluminescent waveguide amplifiers to improve visible light communication platforms
Authors: Bastos Ana R. N. , McKenna Barry , Silvério Tiago , Carlos Luís D. , André Paulo S. , Evans Rachel C. , Ferreira Rute A. S. 
Published: September 2020

Commercial light‐emitting diodes are a low‐cost and energy‐efficient solution for the implementation of optical wireless communication, known as visible light communication (VLC). This technology has a huge growing interest, being recently a research spotlight in the scientific community, especially due to the increasing popularity and rapid development of self‐sustainable smart houses and the Internet of Things. As the VLC link is free space, big challenges arise in its implementation. To improve the VLC performance, this work proposes an enhanced system solution integrating an optical amplifier. In this context, organic–inorganic hybrids incorporating a blue‐emitting conjugated polymer with high quantum yield (>50%) were synthesised and processed as planar waveguides. The waveguides were tested in a testbed scenario, showing a signal amplitude improvement of 2.5 dB, establishing the proposed approach as a promising cost‐effective solution for optical amplification in VLCs.
Handlungsempfehlung zur prähospitalen Versorgung psychiatrischer Notfälle S2k-Leitlinie „Notfallpsychiatrie“
Authors: Pajonk Frank-Gerald , Flüchter Peter 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungPsychiatrische Notfälle stellen seit vielen Jahren eine relevante Einsatzursache für den Notarzt dar. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Empfehlungen der jüngst erschienenen S2k-Leitline Notfallpsychiatrie für den Notarzt zusammengefasst. Dabei wird der Fokus auf das praktische Vorgehen in der Notfallsituation gelegt. Im ersten Teil werden die erforderlichen diagnostischen Maßnahmen, das Verhalten im Erstkontakt und die Möglichkeiten der psychotherapeutischen und psychopharmakologischen Krisenintervention beschrieben. Nachfolgend wird die Versorgung der wichtigsten notfallpsychiatrischen Syndrome und Störungen dargestellt.
Neonatal Cerebellar Hemorrhage and Facial Nerve Palsy: An Unusual Association
Authors: Coviello Caterina , Remaschi Giulia , Becciani Sabrina , Montano Simona , Corsini Iuri , Mussa Federico , Basile Massimo , Dani Carlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCerebellar hemorrhage is rare in term newborns and is most often seen after traumatic birth. Lifelong sequelae include motor and cognitive impairment. We report the uncommon case of a late preterm infant born by spontaneous delivery who showed right peripheral facial palsy at 24 hours of life. Cranial ultrasound showed lateral ventricles dilatation and a diffuse hyperechoic round lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The computed tomography scan confirmed a hemorrhagic lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere and in the vermis with midline shift and intraventricular bleeding. Ommaya reservoir was inserted and used for a few days. The facial palsy gradually recovered to a complete remission after 6 weeks. Follow-up examinations at 12 and 18 months evidenced infant's delayed motor function, hyperreflexia, tremors, and speech delay.
Evaluation of Bowel Function, Urinary Tract Function, and Quality of Life after Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through Surgery for Hirschsprung's Disease
Authors: Byström Cornelia , Östlund Sanna , Hoff Nils , Wester Tomas , Granström Anna Löf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to determine short-term complications and evaluate long-term bowel function, lower urinary tract symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) in patients treated for Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) with transanal endorectal pull-though (TERPT) compared with healthy controls.
Materials and Methods This cross-sectional case–control study included 30 HSCR patients treated with TERPT in 2006 to 2014 at Karolinska University Hospital, and 30 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Data on short-term complications were compiled from medical records and classified according to Clavien-Dindo. Bowel function and QoL were evaluated with the validated questionnaires bowel function score and KIDSCREEN-52. Lower urinary tract symptoms were evaluated through an 8-item lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) questionnaire.
Results Six (20%) patients had a short-term postoperative complication according to Clavien-Dindo, with insufficient pain management being the most common complication. The median age at follow-up was 7 years (range = 4–11). Median bowel function score was significantly lower in HSCR patients than in controls, 14 versus 19 (p < 0.001). Twenty-one of the HSCR patients reported impaired bowel function compared with two of the controls (p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of LUTS was 11 (38%) in the HSCR patients compared with seven (23%) in the controls (p = 0.751). HSCR patients reported a slightly lower QoL in the KIDSCREEN domain “financial resources” compared with controls (p = 0.008).
Conclusion According to Clavien-Dindo, short-term postoperative complications occurred in 20% of the patients. Impaired bowel function persists throughout childhood for most HSCR patients. The prevalence of LUTS and QoL is not affected in HSCR patients compared with controls.