bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work Environment and Worksite Health Promotion in Nine European Countries
Authors: van der Put Anne C. , van der Lippe Tanja 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To study to what extent the work environment influences the use of worksite health promotion (WHP).

Methods:
Data came from the European Sustainable Workforce survey, with data from employees and managers in 259 organizations. We analyze use of three types of WHP (healthy menus, sports facilities, and health checks) using multilevel logistic models.

Results:
Employees are more likely to use each type of WHP when a larger share of their direct colleagues do so. Use of healthy menus is more likely among employees who work more hours, have more autonomy, and work in organizations with less work-oriented culture. Autonomy is also associated with more use of sports facilities, while work-oriented culture is negatively related to use of health checks.

Conclusions:
Our results suggest the work environment should be included when studying WHP use.
Early Exchange Transfusion to Treat Neonates With Gestational Alloimmune Liver Disease
Authors: Fischer Hendrik S. , Staufner Christian , Sallmon Hannes , Henning Stephan , Bührer Christoph 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:Exchange transfusion (ET) and intravenous immunoglobulin are potentially life‐saving treatment options in newborns with gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD). Since 2008, early ET has been the standard of care for symptomatic neonates with suspected GALD in our unit. The present study's aim was to investigate the outcomes of this approach.Methods:From 2008 to 2018, all neonates who received ET for suspected GALD were identified, and their clinical course and outcomes were analyzed in a descriptive cohort study. In survivors, liver function parameters before ET and maximum values after ET and at discharge were compared.Results:During the 11‐year period, 12 infants received ET for suspected GALD at a median (range) chronological age of 11 (1–23) days and gestational age of 38 (32–40) weeks. Signs of impaired liver function, most frequently postnatal hypoglycemia, hyperferritinemia, direct hyperbilirubinemia, and coagulopathy, were present in all infants. Survival without a liver transplant in the overall cohort was 10 of 12 (83.3%) and 7 of 9 (78%) in those fulfilling the criteria of acute liver failure. Two patients died, one of them after liver transplantation. Direct bilirubin typically increased after ET, even in survivors. All survivors recovered and were discharged from the pediatric hepatology outpatient clinic after 8 (3–11) months of follow‐up.Conclusions:In newborns with suspected GALD, a limited diagnostic work‐up followed by early ET may lead to favorable outcomes. More data are required to develop an evidence‐based clinical approach to GALD.
Characterization of Upper Gastrointestinal Motility in Infants With Persistent Distress and Non‐IgE‐mediated Cow's Milk Protein Allergy
Authors: Omari Taher , Tobin Jacinta M. , McCall Lisa , Savage Karina , Ferris Lara , Hammond Paul , Kritas Stamatiki , Quinn Patrick , Abu‐Assi Rammy , Moore David , Davidson Geoffrey , Gold Michael , Heine Ralf G. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBackground:Persistent crying in infancy is common and may be associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and/or non‐IgE‐mediated cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA). We aimed to document upper gastrointestinal motility events in infants with CMPA and compare these to findings in infants with functional GERD.Methods:Infants aged 2 to 26 weeks with persistent crying, GERD symptoms and possible CMPA were included. Symptoms were recorded by 48‐hour cry‐fuss chart and validated reflux questionnaire (infant GERD questionnaire [IGERDQ]). Infants underwent a blinded milk elimination‐challenge sequence to diagnose CMPA. GERD parameters and mucosal integrity were assessed by 24‐hour pH‐impedance monitoring before and after cow's milk protein (CMP) elimination. 13C‐octanoate breath testing for gastric emptying dynamics, dual‐sugar intestinal permeability, fecal calprotectin, and serum vitamin D were also measured.Results:Fifty infants (mean age 13 ± 7 weeks; 27 boys) were enrolled. On the basis of CMP elimination‐challenge outcomes, 14 (28%) were categorized as non‐IgE‐mediated CMPA, and 17 (34%) were not allergic to milk; 12 infants with equivocal findings, and 7 with incomplete data were excluded. There were no baseline differences in GERD parameters between infants with and without CMPA. In the CMPA group, CMP elimination resulted in a significant reduction in reflux symptoms, esophageal acid exposure (reflux index), acid clearance time, and an increase in esophageal mucosal impedance.Conclusions:In infants with persistent crying, upper gastrointestinal motility parameters did not reliably differentiate between non‐IgE‐mediated CMPA and functional GERD. In the group with non‐IgE‐mediated CMPA, elimination of CMP significantly improved GERD symptoms, esophageal peristaltic function, and mucosal integrity.
Mental Health Disorders and Psychosocial Distress in Pediatric Celiac Disease
Authors: Coburn Shayna , Rose Meredith , Sady Maegan , Parker Margaret , Suslovic William , Weisbrod Vanessa , Kerzner Benny , Streisand Randi , Kahn Ilana 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:Celiac disease (CeD) has been associated with increased mental health disorders (MHD) and psychosocial distress in children, which may complicate treatment with the gluten‐free diet (GFD). This single‐center cross‐sectional study examined psychological comorbidities in children with CeD to assess psychological needs in CeD care.Methods:Participants were 73 parents (95% mothers) of children (ages 3–18) attending a multidisciplinary celiac disease clinic. Parents completed electronic surveys about their child's MHD history, psychological symptoms, and GFD experiences. Rates of MHD were calculated and compared with National Institute of Mental Health population‐level data. Differences in psychosocial symptoms and GFD experiences were examined based on child age, time since CeD diagnosis, and MHD.Results:Thirty‐four percentage of children had at least 1 MHD; anxiety disorders (16%, P < 0.001) and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; 16%, P = 0.01) were more common than general population rates. More than 1 quarter of parents reported current child psychosocial distress (28%–39%), and approximately half reported parent stress (51%) and financial burden (46%) associated with the GFD. Parents of children with new CeD diagnoses reported lower confidence in the GFD (P < 0.01) but MHD, stress, and financial burden did not differ by time since CeD diagnosis. Children with MHD had more anxiety, anger, overall distress, and parent distress than those without MHD (Ps < .05).Conclusions:Comorbid CeD and MHD was common and was associated with increased child and parent psychosocial distress. Our findings emphasize the importance of psychological screening and services to assess for and treat comorbid MHD and to mitigate psychosocial distress associated with the GFD.
Forced Enlightenment
Authors: Carney Katherine Bernier , Guite Jessica W. , Young Erin E. , Starkweather Angela R. 
Published: December 2019

Background
Childhood cancer survivorship can be described as a lifelong experience that requires vigilant follow-up care and continual support. Although there is growing qualitative and quantitative literature on this experience, articles focusing on qualitative synthesis are lacking. Qualitative metasynthesis can further facilitate the knowledge of survivorship experiences to inform care.

Objective
The aim of this qualitative metasynthesis was to investigate the experiences of childhood cancer survivors and develop an integrated understanding of the survivorship experience.

Methods
The method of qualitative meta-ethnography guided this research. Data extracted from the studies were directly compared through reciprocal translation.

Results
A total of 18 qualitative articles met the inclusion criteria. The authors identified 4 key metaphors, including Transcendence, Lingering Shadows, Fortifying Bonds, and Ongoing Acclimation. The metaphors are brought together by 3 essential concepts that drive the survivorship experience: (1) recognition of wisdom gained, (2) acknowledgment of vulnerabilities, and (3) actions taken to manage present and future. Together, these metaphors and essential concepts make up the global theme “Forced Enlightenment.”

Conclusion
This metasynthesis illuminates the complex nature of the childhood cancer survivorship experience, in which survivors work to grow beyond their treatment experience while inevitably being tied to it. Next steps should include further exploration of individual metaphors and validation of forced enlightenment as an experience.

Implications for Practice
Each of the metaphors may be used to guide the development of nursing interventions. Translation to clinical practice should focus on prioritizing coping and adaptation skills during cancer treatment, which can be carried through survivorship.
Association Between Technology Use and Social Integration Among Veterans With Disabilities
Authors: Stacy Meaghan , Lindsey Hayley , Tsai Jack 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Social connectedness has positive effects on physical and mental health. Many aspects of life, including social networks, are increasingly technology-based, influenced by access to computers. Individuals with psychiatric disabilities may experience unique barriers to computer use. The current study evaluated computer use among 199 veterans in Connecticut and Houston, Texas, with psychiatric and/or physical disabilities, and its association with social integration. Two-thirds had used a computer within the past month, most commonly for information seeking, but also for social interaction. However, computer use and social integration were not significantly associated. The study suggests a greater rate of computer use than anticipated, encouraging given society's increasing reliance on technology. Future research into experience with other modalities is needed, as is research into veterans' willingness and desire to use technology for various purposes.
Categorizing Cannabis and Alcohol Use Patterns of Emerging Adults in Psychiatric Partial Hospitalization Treatment
Authors: BLEVINS CLAIRE E. , GRIMONE KRISTIN R. , CAVINESS CELESTE M. , STEIN MICHAEL D. , ABRANTES ANA M. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Emerging adulthood is a common and problematic time for alcohol and cannabis use. Emerging adulthood also represents a vulnerable time period for anxiety and depression. Substance use and mental health issues are highly comorbid, yet substance use is commonly neglected in psychiatric care.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to categorize the cannabis and alcohol use patterns of emerging adults in psychiatric care and to evaluate relationships with use-related problems, psychiatric symptomatology, and motives for use.

Methods:
Participants were emerging adults who were consecutive admissions to a young adult psychiatric partial hospital program from 2017 to 2018. Of 318 participants who completed questionnaires, 244 (76.7%) reported cannabis and/or alcohol use in the previous month. Cluster analyses and analysis of variance tests were conducted to categorize and differentiate between participants who reported use.

Results:
Results from cluster analyses identified 4 categories of use: low cannabis/high alcohol (35.7%), low cannabis/low alcohol (17.6%), high cannabis/low alcohol (29.1%), and high cannabis/high alcohol (17.6%). Individuals in categories with the highest rates of use and co-use reported more alcohol problems (F=24.31, P<0.001), cannabis problems (F=36.75, P<0.001), depression (F=3.60, P=0.01), and motives: social (F=6.12, P<0.001), coping with anxiety (F=20.43, P<0.001), coping with depression (F=17.80, P<0.001), enhancement (F=7.85, P<0.001), and conformity (F=4.92, P<0.01).

Conclusions/Importance:
Clear categories of substance use emerged. Participants who were heavier users were more likely to use to alleviate psychiatric symptomatology, yet they also reported greater psychiatric symptomatology and use-related problems. Among a psychiatric sample of emerging adults, cannabis and alcohol use was common and problematic. Thus, substance use should be evaluated for and, if present, targeted with interventions during psychiatric care.
Psychological Function, Iyengar Yoga, and Coherent Breathing: A Randomized Controlled Dosing Study
Authors: SCOTT TAMMY M. , GERBARG PATRICIA L. , SILVERI MARISA M. , NIELSEN GREYLIN H. , OWEN LIZ , NYER MAREN , BROWN RICHARD P. , STREETER CHRIS C. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Evidence suggests that yoga may be an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Studies evaluating the “dosing” of yoga treatment and efficacy for MDD are needed. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of an intervention combining Iyengar yoga and coherent breathing in participants with MDD and determine the optimal intervention dose.

Methods:
Thirty-two participants (18 to 65 y of age) diagnosed with MDD were randomized to a high-dose group (HDG) or a low-dose group (LDG) of yoga and coherent breathing for 12 weeks. The HDG (n=15) involved three 90-minute yoga classes and four 30-minute homework sessions per week. The LDG (n=15) involved two 90-minute yoga classes and three 30-minute homework sessions per week. Participants were evaluated at baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12 with the following instruments: Positivity Self-Test, Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory. Data were analyzed using intent-to-treat methods.

Results:
Significant improvements in all outcome measures were found for both groups, with acute and cumulative benefits. Although the HDG showed greater improvements on all scales, between-group differences did not reach significance, possibly due to lack of power because of the small sample size. Cumulative yoga minutes were correlated with improvement in outcome measures.

Limitation:
This dosing study did not include a non-yoga control.

Conclusions:
Improvement in psychological symptoms correlated with cumulative yoga practice. Both interventions reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety and increased feelings of positivity. The time commitment for yoga practice needs to be weighed against benefits when designing yoga interventions.
Prognostic Value of Generalized Polyspike Trains and Prolonged Epileptiform EEG Runs
Authors: Jensen Camilla Dyremose , Gesche Joanna , Krøigård Thomas , Beier Christoph P. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
A considerable proportion of patients with genetic/idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) suffer from persistent seizures. In this study, it was questioned if generalized polyspike trains (GPT) or prolonged epileptiform EEG runs allow identification of difficult-to-treat patients in a first seizure clinic setting or after recurrent seizures.

Methods:
The first routine outpatient EEGs from untreated patients (later diagnosed with IGE) and routine EEGs from IGE patients with persistent seizures despite medical treatment were analyzed. Seizure outcome and clinical characteristics were retrospectively assessed based on the patients' records.

Results:
In routine EEGs recorded after first seizure in untreated patients (n = 79), the prevalence of GPT (n = 1; 1.3%) and prolonged epileptiform EEG runs (n = 13; 16.5%) was low. At follow-up, 24 patients (30.4%) were not seizure free, and 3 (3.8%) of them developed drug-resistant IGE. None of the interictal discharges studied was associated with long-term seizure outcome. Treated IGE patients with recurrent seizures (n = 69) had a similar prevalence of GPT (n = 3; 4.3%) and prolonged epileptiform EEG runs (n = 7; 10.1%). At follow-up, 42 patients (60.8%) suffered persistent seizures, and 18 (26%) were drug resistant. Generalized polyspike train and prolonged epileptiform EEG runs had a higher prevalence in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (GPT: 11.1% vs. 2%; P = 0.1; prolonged epileptiform EEG runs: 27.8% vs. 3.9%; P = 0.004) and persistent seizures (GPT: 7.1% vs. 0%; P = 0.16; prolonged epileptiform EEG runs: 16.7% vs. 0%; P = 0.03) as compared with nonresistant patients.

Conclusions:
Generalized polyspike train and prolonged epileptiform EEG runs were associated with persistent seizures and drug-resistant IGE, but the overall prevalence was low. In a first seizure clinic setting, the diagnostic value of these biomarkers was limited.
Pilot assessment of low NK cell-mediated ADCC andFCGR3Agenetics in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS): Based on inclusion of family members without ME/CFS as controls, low ADCC is unsuitable as a diagnostic biomarker
Authors: Sung Alexander P. , Tang Jennifer J-J , Guglielmo Michael J. , Smith-Gagen Julie , Bateman Lucinda , Redelman Doug D. , Hudig Dorothy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) is dependent on the varying capacity of NK cells to kill, the affinities ofFCGR3A-encoded CD16A receptors for antibody, and the presence of antigen-specific antibodies.In vivoADCC depends on the number of CD16A receptor-positive NK cells in blood. We hypothesized that low ADCC cell function or low effector cell numbers could be biomarkers or risk factors for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We measured NK cell ADCC lytic capacity and antibody recognition, CD16Apositive NK cells/µl blood, andFCGR3Ahomozygosity for the F allele that encodes low affinity CD16A antibody receptors. ME/CFS patients met the Fukuda 1994 diagnostic criteria. In this pilot report, we examined 5 families, each with 2 to 5 ME/CFS patients, and compared 11 patients, 22 family members without ME/CFS, and 16 unrelated healthy controls. ADCC was measured as CX1:1 cytotoxic capacity (the percentage of51Cr-Daudi tumors with obinutuzumab anti-CD20 antibody that were killed at a 1:1 ratio of CD16Apos NKs to Daudis) and CX-slope. Individual CX1:1 capacities varied from 16.2% to 81.8% and were comparable between patients and unaffected family members, while the ADCC of both family groups was lower than the unrelated healthy controls. The lack of difference between patients and their unaffected family members indicates that low ADCC is unsuitable as a diagnostic biomarker for ME/CFS. Familial CD16Apos NK blood cell counts were lower than unrelated healthy controls. The potential for synergistic effects of combined low CX1:1 and low effector cell counts occurring in the same individual was 24-fold greater for CFS family members than for unrelated controls.FCGR3Aof the families was predominantly F/F homozygous, correlating with the observed low EC50 for NK recognition of target cell-bound antibody. In summary, low ADCC is unsuitable as a biomarker, but could be a familial risk factor, for ME/CFS.
Host biomarkers to predict the severity of acute febrile illness: A scoping review
Authors: Robinson Matthew L. , Workneh Meklit , Dittrich Sabine , Kurlekar Spruha , Yee Rebecca , Nirmalraj Maya C. , Robinson Karen A. , Manabe Yukari C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcute febrile illness (AFI) ranges from mild to mortal, yet severity is difficult to assess. Host biomarkers may identify patients with AFI who require a higher level of care; choosing appropriate biomarkers for this role among an expanding pool of candidates is challenging. We performed a scoping review to evaluate the performance of novel host biomarkers to predict AFI severity.MethodsPubMed was systematically searched for manuscripts published January 1, 2013 to February 10, 2018 for studies reporting the association of host biomarker levels and a measure of disease severity among patients with a suspected or diagnosed cause of AFI. Identified abstracts and full text manuscripts were reviewed for eligibility by 2 reviewers. Biomarker performance was evaluated primarily by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic to distinguish severe disease. We aggregated data describing biomarker performance by AUC using weighted mean, fixed effects meta-analyses, and random effects meta-analyses.ResultsAmong 2,303 manuscripts identified, 281 manuscripts met criteria for analysis. Data was extracted for 278 biomarkers evaluated in 45,737 participants. Among 89 biomarkers evaluated by ≥2 studies, there were 6 biomarkers (proadrenomedullin, copeptin, pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, serum triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, chitinase-3-like protein-1, and the pediatric sepsis biomarker risk model), that showed a weighted mean AUC >0.75 (range 0.75-0.84) in >500 patients over >2 studies.ConclusionsAlthough several biomarkers show promise in predicting AFI severity across multiple studies, their test characteristics do not suggest that they may be used alone to determine AFI prognosis.SummaryA systematic review and limited metanalysis of 89 host biomarkers revealed that most individual biomarkers offer modest performance in predicting the severity of acute febrile illness; several however have performance characteristics which have shown promise in multiple studies.
Mouse Aging Cell Atlas Analysis Reveals Global and Cell Type Specific Aging Signatures Revision 1
Authors: Zhang Martin Jinye , Pisco Angela Oliveira , Darmanis Spyros , Zou James 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTAging is associated with complex molecular and cellular processes that are poorly understood. Here we leveraged the Tabula Muris Senis single-cell RNA-seq dataset to systematically characterize gene expression changes during aging across diverse cell types in the mouse. We identified aging-dependent genes in 76 tissue-cell types from 23 tissues and characterized both shared and tissue-cell-specific aging behaviors. We found that the aging-related genes shared by multiple tissue-cell types also change their expression congruently in the same direction during aging in most tissue-cell types, suggesting a coordinated global aging behavior at the organismal level. Scoring cells based on these shared aging genes allowed us to contrast the aging status of different tissues and cell types from a transcriptomic perspective. In addition, we identified genes that exhibit age-related expression changes specific to each functional category of tissue-cell types. All together, our analyses provide one of the most comprehensive and systematic characterizations of the molecular signatures of aging across diverse tissue-cell types in a mammalian system.