bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Community-Level Built Environment Factors on Active Social Network Size in Older Adults: Social Activity as a Moderator
Authors: Asiamah Nestor , Kouveliotis Kyriakos , Eduafo Richard , Borkey Richard 
Published: August 2020

Background This study examined the influence of built environmental factors in the community on active social network size as well as the moderating influence of different dimensions of social activity on this relationship. Methods This study employed the cross-sectional and correlational approaches to construct a scale measuring key community-level built environment factors and test the moderating influence of social activity on the association between these factors and active social network size in older adults. The study population was all 3,211 older adults who were resident in Accra and were part of the database of the Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Participants were 515 older adults in Accra aged 60 years or more who met some inclusion criteria. A self-reported questionnaire, including a new scale measuring the built environment factors, was used to collect data. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis were used to validate the measurement scales, whereas Pearson’s correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to test the associations of interest. Results After controlling for relevant demographic variables, built environment factors in the community have no significant influence on active social network size. Volunteering, support for social ties, and group activity positively moderated the influence of built environment factors on active social network size at p < .05 and β ≥ 0.2. Conclusion The study concludes that social activity is essential to the utilization of available built environmental factors by older adults to make active social ties in the community.
Radiographic and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis 32 to 37 Years After Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture
Authors: Kvist Joanna , Filbay Stephanie , Andersson Christer , Ardern Clare L. , Gauffin Håkan 
Published: August 2020

Background: The long-term prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is unknown, especially in patients without a history of ACL surgery. Purpose: To (1) describe the prevalence of radiographic OA, symptomatic OA, and knee replacement surgery 32 to 37 years after acute ACL injury and to (2) compare the prevalence of radiographic OA, symptomatic OA, and knee symptoms between patients allocated to early ACL surgery or no ACL surgery and patients who crossed over to ACL surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Participants aged 15 to 40 years at the time of ACL injury were allocated to surgical (augmented or nonaugmented ACL repair) or nonsurgical ACL treatment within 14 days of injury. At 32 to 37 years after the initial injury, 153 participants were followed up with plain weightbearing radiographs and completed 4 subscales from the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Radiographic OA was defined as Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 or higher. Symptomatic OA was defined as radiographic OA plus knee symptoms measured with the KOOS. Results: Participants allocated to ACL surgery (n = 64) underwent surgery at a mean ± SD of 5 ± 4 days (range, 0-11 days) after injury. Of the 89 participants allocated to no ACL surgery, 53 remained nonsurgically treated, 27 had ACL surgery within 2 years, and 9 had ACL surgery between 3 and 21 years after injury. In the total sample, 95 participants (62%) had radiographic tibiofemoral OA, including 11 (7%) who had knee replacement. The prevalence of radiographic tibiofemoral OA was lower in the group allocated to ACL surgery compared with the group who never had ACL surgery (50% vs 75%; P = .005). The prevalence of symptomatic OA (50% in the total sample) and patellofemoral radiographic OA (35% in the total sample) was similar between groups. Conclusion: Patients allocated to early ACL surgery, performed a mean 5 days after injury, had a lower prevalence of tibiofemoral radiographic OA at 32 to 37 years after injury compared with patients who never had ACL surgery. The prevalences of symptomatic OA, radiographic patellofemoral OA, and knee symptoms were similar irrespective of ACL treatment. Overall, the prevalence of OA after ACL injury was high. Registration: NCT03182647 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier)
Safety and Efficacy of a Percutaneously Inserted Ventricular Support Device Purge Solution Heparin 25 U/mL
Authors: Jiang Christine , Stuart Misa , Makowski Charles , Jennings Douglas L. , To Long 
Published: August 2020

Background: The Impella is a percutaneous ventricular assist device (pVAD) that provides temporary hemodynamic support to patients with cardiogenic shock or for protected percutaneous coronary intervention. The manufacturer recommends a 50-U/mL concentration of heparin purge solution (or 25 U/mL as an alternative), with systemic heparin to maintain therapeutic anticoagulation during device support. Concomitant use of systemic heparin with the purge solution may increase the risk of bleeding. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of thrombosis and bleeding using a less-concentrated heparin purge solution (25 U/mL) in combination with systemic heparin therapy. Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of patients who required at least 12 hours of pVAD support and received 25-U/mL concentration of heparin purge solution between January 1, 2014, and May 31, 2017. The primary end points were the rate of thrombotic and bleeding events. Secondary end points included the percentage of time within the therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) range. Descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis. Results: Of the 161 patients screened, 100 met inclusion criteria; 63% of patients experienced a bleeding event, with Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3a being the most common. Median percentages of subtherapeutic and supratherapeutic aPTT values were similar between the bleeding and nonbleeding groups. Two patients experienced thrombotic events. Conclusion and Relevance: Based on our findings, the device thrombosis rate was 2% and the rate of major bleeding (BARC 3a and higher) was 35%. This study provides descriptive outcomes data of a lower-concentration heparin purge solution.
Reproducibility of macular retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer thickness measurements in a healthy pediatric population
Authors: Jiménez Santos Maria , Acebal Montero Alejandra , Sáenz-Francés San Baldomero Federico , Valverde-Megias Alcia , Gómez de Liaño Rosario 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the reproducibility of Spectralis spectral domain-OCT segmented ganglion cell layer (GCL) and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) measurements in a healthy children population. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out on 79 children to measure the intraobserver reproducibility and the repeatability between a novel and an experienced operator of the segmented macular GCL and mRNFL. Interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility were defined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficients of variation (COV). Kruskal–Wallis test was used to determine statistical significance in the COV of three age groups children (younger than 6 years, between 6 and 12, and older than 12 years old). Results: The results from the intraoperator GCL thickness analysis were highly reproducible (COV < 6%) and reliable (ICCs > 0.81). When the measurements were compared between a novel and an experienced examiner lower ICCs and higher COV were found. COVs ranged from 1.85% (total volume area) to 5.57% at the central ETDRS subfield while the ICC vary from 0.632 (outer inferior) to 0.832 (inner inferior). The repeatability and reproducibility of the mRNFL thickness were lower, with ICCs ranging from 0.428 to 0.872 in the interobserver analysis and from 0.897 to 0.346 in the interobserver one. Conclusion: In the present study, we establish substantial reliability of the GCL thickness in children with Spectralis® SD-OCT in all the sectors, albeit lower than the reported in the literature with other SD-OCTs and in adults. The reproducibility and repeatability of the mRNFL were significantly lower. We were unable to find consistent statistical significant differences between the COV of the three age groups.
Computerized provider order entry–related medication errors among hospitalized patients: An integrative review
Authors: Elshayib Manal , Pawola Lawrence 
Published: August 2020

The Institute of Medicine estimates that 7,000 lives are lost yearly as a result of medication errors. Computerized physician and/or provider order entry was one of the proposed solutions to overcome this tragic issue. Despite some promising data about its effectiveness, it has been found that computerized provider order entry may facilitate medication errors. The purpose of this review is to summarize current evidence of computerized provider order entry -related medication errors and address the sociotechnical factors impacting the safe use of computerized provider order entry. By using PubMed and Google Scholar databases, a systematic search was conducted for articles published in English between 2007 and 2019 regarding the unintended consequences of computerized provider order entry and its related medication errors. A total of 288 articles were screened and categorized based on their use within the review. One hundred six articles met our pre-defined inclusion criteria and were read in full, in addition to another 27 articles obtained from references. All included articles were classified into the following categories: rates and statistics on computerized provider order entry -related medication errors, types of computerized provider order entry -related unintended consequences, factors contributing to computerized provider order entry failure, and recommendations based on addressing sociotechnical factors. Identifying major types of computerized provider order entry -related unintended consequences and addressing their causes can help in developing appropriate strategies for safe and effective computerized provider order entry. The interplay between social and technical factors can largely affect its safe implementation and use. This review discusses several factors associated with the unintended consequences of this technology in healthcare settings and presents recommendations for enhancing its effectiveness and safety within the context of sociotechnical factors.
Personalized Approach for the Management of Exercise-Related Glycemic Imbalances in Type 1 Diabetes: Comparison with Reference Method
Authors: Ajčević Miloš , Candido Riccardo , Assaloni Roberta , Accardo Agostino , Francescato Maria Pia 
Published: August 2020

Background: One of the most frequently adopted strategies to counterbalance the risk of exercise-induced hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes is carbohydrates supplement. Nevertheless, the estimation of its amount is still challenging. We investigated the efficacy of the personalized Exercise Carbohydrate Requirement Estimation System (ECRES) method compared to a tabular approach to estimate the glucose supplement needed for the prevention of exercise-related glycemic imbalances. Method: Twenty-six patients performed two one-hour constant intensity exercises one week apart; the amount of extra carbohydrates was estimated, in random order, by the personalized ECRES method or through the tabular approach; glycemia was determined every 30 minutes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics were calculated over the 48 hours preceding, and the afternoon and night following the trials. Results: Applying the personalized ECRES method, a significantly lower amount of carbohydrates was administered to the active patients compared to the tabular approach, median (interquartile range): 9.0 (0.5-21.0) g vs 23.0 (21.0-25.0) g; P < .01; the two methods were similar for the sedentary patients, 18 (13.5-36.0) g vs 23.0 (21.0-27.0) g; P = NS. After overlapping CGM metrics before the exercises, both methods avoided hypoglycemia and resulted in similar glucose levels throughout them. The ECRES method led to CGM metrics within the guidelines for either the afternoon and the night just following the trials, whereas the tabular approach resulted in a significantly greater time below range in the afternoon (11.8% ± 18.2%; P < .05) and time above range during the night (39.3% ± 29.8%; P < .05). Conclusions: The results support the validity of the personalized ECRES method: although the estimated amounts of carbohydrates were lower, patients’ glycemia was maintained within safe clinical limits.
Comparative Studies on Two-Dimensional (2D) Rectangular and Hexagonal Molybdenum Dioxide Nanosheets with Different Thickness
Authors: Wazir Nasrullah , Ding Chunjie , Wang Xianshuang , Ye Xin , Lingling Xie , Lu Tianqi , Wei Li , Zou Bingsuo , Liu Ruibin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMolybdenum dioxide (MoO2) a kind of semi-metal material shows many unique properties, such as high melting point, good thermal stability, large surface area-to-volume ratio, high-density surface unsaturated atoms, and excellent conductivity. There is a strong connection between structural type and optoelectronic properties of 2D nanosheet. Herein, the rectangular and hexagonal types of thin and thick MoO2 2D nanosheets were successfully prepared from MoO3 powder using two-zone chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with changing the experimental parameters, and these fabricated nanosheets displayed different colors under bright-field microscope, possess margins and smooth surface. The thickness of the blue hexagonal and rectangular MoO2 nanosheets are ~ 25 nm and ~ 30 nm, respectively, while typical thickness of orange-colored nanosheet is around ~ 100 nm. Comparative analysis and investigations were carried out, and mix-crystal phases were indentified in thick MoO2 as main matrix through Raman spectroscopy. For the first time, the emission bands obtained in thick MoO2 nanosheets via a Cathodoluminescence (CL) system exhibiting special properties of semi-metallic and semi-conductors; however, no CL emission detected in case of thin nanosheets. The electrical properties of thin MoO2 nanosheets with different morphologies were compared, and both of them demonstrated varying metallic properties. The resistance of thin rectangular nanosheet was ~ 25 Ω at ± 0.05 V while 64 Ω at ± 0.05 V was reported for hexagonal nanosheet, and observed lesser resistance by rectangular nanosheet than hexagonal nanosheet.
Attitudes about and practices for skin cancer prevention among patients with dermatological issues in Hanoi, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nguyen Trang H. T. , Tran Bach X. , Nguyen Sau H. , Latkin Carl A. , Nguyen Cuong T. , Nguyen Son H. , Pham Hai Q. , Ho Cyrus S. H. , Ho Roger C. M. , Oh Jin-Kyoung 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Raising awareness and educating people regarding practices for skin cancer or melanoma prevention are critical in the context of the adversely increasing effects of global climate change. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding skin cancer prevention and to determine the associated factors to knowledge, attitudes, and practices among dermatological patients in Vietnam.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 590 dermatological patients between 18 and 82 years of age, who received an examination or treatment from the National Hospital of Dermatology in Hanoi, Vietnam, from September to December 2018. The respondents’ attitudes on skin cancer and cancer prevention were assessed via face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire conducted by trained interviewers.

Results
Of the 590 respondents, the majority of people had correct responses to the question regarding skin cancer knowledge. Among the total participants, 39.8% thought that they were at risk of skin cancer, and 13.8% believed their occupation increased their skin cancer risk. The majority of respondents used hats (94.9%) and sunscreen skin coats (89.5%) and went into the shade (86.3%) when exposed to the sun. Women were less likely to be aware of their skin cancer risk but were more likely to practice prevention behaviors.

Conclusion
Our results show that dermatological patients have acceptable knowledge towards skin cancer prevention, but still need to change their behavior to prevent the risk of skin cancer. This study highlights the importance of education to raise awareness regarding skin cancer in order to promote practice prevention strategies for skin cancer in Vietnam.
Exonuclease resistant 18S and 25S ribosomal RNA components in yeast are possibly newly transcribed by RNA polymerase II
Authors: Fleischmann Jacob , Rocha Miguel A. , Hauser Peter V. , Gowda Bhavani S. , Pilapil Mary Grace D. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
We have previously reported 18S and 25S ribosomal RNA molecules in Candida albicans resistant to processive 5′ → 3′ exonuclease, appearing as cells approached stationary growth phase. Initial analysis pointed to extra phosphate(s) at their 5′- end raising the possibility that they were newly transcribed. Here we report on additional experiments exploring this possibility and try to establish which of the RNA polymerases may be transcribing them.

Results
Oligo-ligation and primer extension again showed the presence of extra phosphate at the 5′-end of the reported processing sites for both 18S and 25S ribosomal RNA components. Inhibition of Pol I with BMH-21 increased the presence of the molecules. Quantitation with an Agilent Bioanalyzer showed that resistant 18S and 25S molecules are primarily produced in the nucleus. Utilizing an RNA cap specific antibody, a signal could be detected on these molecules via immunoblotting; such signal could be eliminated by decapping reaction. Both the cap specific antibody and eIF4E cap-binding protein, increased fold enrichment upon quantitative amplification. Antibodies specific for the RNA Polymerase II c-terminal domain and TFIIB initiator factor showed the presence of Pol II on DNA sequences for both 18S and 25S molecules in chromatin precipitation and qPCR assays. Rapamycin inhibition of TOR complex also resulted in an increase of resistant 18S and 25S molecules.

Conclusions
These data raise the possibility of a role for RNA Polymerase II in the production of 18S and 25S molecules and indicate that efforts for more direct proof may be worthwhile. If definitively proven it will establish an additional role for RNA Polymerase II in ribosomal production.
Molecular epidemiology of Aleutian mink disease virus from fecal swab of mink in northeast China
Authors: Tong Mingwei , Sun Na , Cao Zhigang , Cheng Yuening , Zhang Miao , Cheng Shipeng , Yi Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (AMDV) causes Aleutian mink disease (AMD), which is a serious infectious disease of mink. The aim of this study was to get a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of AMDV in northeast China to control and prevent AMD from further spreading. This study for the first time isolated AMDV from fecal swab samples of mink in China.

Results
A total of 157/291 (54.0%) of the fecal swab samples were positive for AMDV. Of these, 23 AMDV positive samples were randomly selected for sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on the acquired partial fragments of VP2 gene with the hypervariable region. Comparative DNA sequence analysis of 23 AMDV isolates with a reference nonpathogenic (AMDV-G) strain revealed 8.3% difference in partial VP2 nucleotide sequences. Amino acid alignment indicated the presence of several genetic variants, as well as one single amino acid residue deletion. The most concentrated area of variation was located in the hypervariable region of VP2 protein. According to phylogenetic analysis, the Chinese AMDV strains and the other reference AMDV strains from different countries clustered into three groups (clades A, B and C). Most of the newly sequenced strains were found to form a Chinese-specific group, which solely consisted of Chinese AMDV strains.

Conclusion
These findings indicated that a high genetic diversity was found in Chinese AMDV strains and the virus distribution were not dependent on geographical origin. Both local and imported AMDV positive species were prevalent in the Chinese mink farming population. The genetic evidence of AMDV variety and epidemic isolates have importance in mink farming practice.
Deciphering the archaeal communities in tree rhizosphere of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
Authors: Zhang Mengjun , Chai Liwei , Huang Muke , Jia Weiqian , Guo Jiabao , Huang Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau represents one of the most important component of the terrestrial ecosystem and a particularly vulnerable region, which harbouring complex and diverse microbiota. The knowledge about their underground microorganisms have largely been studied, but the characteristics of rhizosphere microbiota, particularly archaeal communities remains unclear.ResultsHigh-throughput Illumina sequencing was used to investigate the rhizosphere archaeal communities of two native alpine trees (Picea crassifoliaandPopulus szechuanica) living on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The archaeal community structure in rhizospheres significantly differed from that in bulk soil. Thaumarchaeota was the dominant archaeal phylum in all soils tested (92.46–98.01%), while its relative abundance in rhizospheres were significantly higher than that in bulk soil. Ammonium nitrogen, soil organic matter, available phosphorus and pH were significantly correlated with the archaeal community structure, and the deterministic processes dominated the assembly of archaeal communities across all soils. In addition, the network structures of the archaeal community in the rhizosphere were less complex than they were in the bulk soil, and an unclassified archaeal group (Unclassified_k_norank) was identified as the keystone species in all archaeal networks.ConclusionsOverall, the structure, assembly and co-occurrence patterns of archaeal communities are significantly affected by the presence of roots of alpine trees living on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. This study provides new insights into our understanding of archaeal communities in vulnerable ecosystems.