bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homöopathische Behandlung bei Epidemien und COVID-19
Authors: Keim Ulrike 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungWas haben Richard Wagner, Prinz Charles und der Hofprediger des Stephansdoms Pater Johann Emanuel Veith gemeinsam? Sie alle waren von historischen Epidemien betroffen und wurden dabei homöopathisch behandelt. Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Anwendung homöopathischer Mittel bei Epidemien vom 18. bis zum 21. Jahrhundert: Bei jeder großen Epidemie haben Homöopathen die wichtigsten Mittel herausgefunden und anhand Hahnemanns Grundlagenwerk „Organon der Heilkunst“ gehandelt. Die Erfahrungen Hahnemanns mit Epidemien und die entsprechenden Handlungsanweisungen finden sich in zahlreichen Paragrafen des Organons. Er empfahl, jede Epidemie wie ein Individuum zu begreifen und dafür das passende, homöopathische Mittel zu suchen, das der Symptomen-Totalität ähnlich ist. Hahnemann prägte dafür den Begriff „Genius epidemicus“. Der Beitrag versucht, für die aktuelle Corona-Pandemie die weltweit gefundenen wirksamsten Mittel gegen COVID-19 zusammenzustellen, sowohl prophylaktisch als auch therapeutisch für die verschiedenen Stadien der Erkrankung. Es soll ein Mittelpool zur Verfügung stehen, damit Homöopathen weltweit in der weiteren Ausbreitung des Corona-Virus sicherer verschreiben können.
COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland: Die aktuelle Lage in der Thoraxchirurgie
Authors: Dziodzio Tomasz , Hillebrandt Karl-Herbert , Knitter Sebastian , Ritschl Paul Viktor , Jara Maximilian , Nösser Maximilian , Elsner Aron , Öllinger Robert , Pratschke Johann , Rückert Jens-Carsten , Neudecker Jens 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Thoraxchirurgie ist im Alltag durch die COVID-19-Pandemie mit neuen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Gegenwärtig werden unterschiedliche Konzepte und Empfehlungen verfolgt, um unsere Patienten/-innen und uns selbst zu schützen. Wie diese im Einzelnen umgesetzt werden, kann jedoch aufgrund der bestehenden Infrastruktur, der lokalen Gegebenheiten sowie aufgrund hauseigener Verfahrensanweisungen unterschiedlich sein.
Material und Methoden Im Zeitraum von 11.05. bis 26.05.2020 wurde eine Onlineumfrage an deutschen thoraxchirurgischen Einrichtungen zum Thema COVID-19 durchgeführt. Der Fragenkatalog bestand aus 16 Fragen zu den lokalen Fallzahlen, den Schutzmaßnahmen, Verfahrensanweisungen und Behandlungskonzepten. Die Ergebnisse wurden zusammengefasst, deskriptiv analysiert und diskutiert.
Ergebnisse Unter den 66 Antworten (Antwortrate: 42,6%) kamen 23 (34,8%) aus Schwerpunktkrankenhäusern, 18 (27,3%) aus Krankenhäusern der Maximalversorgung und 14 (21,2%) aus Universitätskliniken. In 65 (99%) der Kliniken wurden COVID-19-positive Patienten behandelt und in 39,9% der Kliniken auch operiert. Die Untersuchung der Patienten auf COVID-19 erfolgte in 95,4% der Kliniken durch nasopharyngealen Abstrich. In 71,2% der Kliniken wurde die chirurgische Behandlung durch das Testergebnis beeinflusst. Eine generelle Erweiterung der Standardschutzausrüstung um FFP2-Masken und Augenschutz für thoraxchirurgische Operationen während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde in 59,1% der Kliniken durchgeführt.
Diskussion In fast allen thoraxchirurgischen Einrichtungen wurden Patienten mit COVID-19 behandelt und in nahezu der Hälfte der Kliniken wurde mindestens ein COVID-19-positiver Patient operiert. Es zeigten sich teilweise deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Kliniken hinsichtlich der Verfahrensanweisungen, der Auswirkungen auf Behandlungsentscheidungen und des Patienten-Arzt-Kontaktes durch COVID-19.
(Sub)populations of extracellular vesicles released by TNF‐α –triggered human endothelial cells promote vascular inflammation and monocyte migration
Authors: Hosseinkhani Baharak , van den Akker Nynke M.S. , Molin Daniel G.M. , Michiels Luc 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTSubstantial research has been devoted to discovering the translational potential of extracellular vesicles (EV) as a reliable liquid biopsy in the diagnosis and monitoring of several life‐affecting diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases (CID). So far, the role of EV in the development of CID remains largely unknown due to the lack of specific tools to separate the disease‐associated EV subtypes. Therefore, this study aims to fractionate inflammation‐associated EV (sub)populations using a two‐step separation strategy based on their size combined with a specific inflammatory marker (ICAM‐1) and to unravel their proteome signature and functional integrity at the onset of vascular inflammation.Here, we report that vascular endothelial cells upon inflammation release two heterogeneous size‐based populations of EV (EV‐10 K and EV‐110 K) sharing a cocktail of inflammatory proteins, chemokines, and cytokines (chiefly: ICAM‐1, CCL‐2, CCL‐4, CCL‐5, IL‐8 and CXCL‐10). The co‐enrichment of ICAM‐1 and classical EV markers within these two size‐based populations gave us a promising opportunity to further separate the inflammation‐associated EV subpopulations, using an immuno‐affinity methodology. Protein profiling of EV subpopulations highlighted that the phenotypic state of inflamed endothelial cells is preferentially mirrored in secreted medium‐ and large‐sized ICAM‐1 (+) EV. As functional players, the smaller‐sized EV and especially their ICAM‐1 (+) EV subpopulation promote the migration of THP‐1 monocytes, whereas the large ICAM‐1 (+) EV were more potent to induce ICAM‐1 expression in recipient endothelial cells. This study provides new insights into the immunomodulatory content of inflammation‐associated EV (sub)populations and their functional contributions to the initiation of vascular inflammation (ICAM‐1 expression) and monocyte mobilization.
Multi-path synergic fusion deep neural network framework for breast mass classification using digital breast tomosynthesis
Authors: Wang Linjing , Zheng Chao , Chen Wentao , He Qiang , Li Xin , Zhang Shuxu , Qin Genggeng , Chen Weiguo , Wei Jun , Xie Peiliang , Zhou Linghong , Wang Xuetao , Zhen Xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective. To develop and evaluate a multi-path synergic fusion (MSF) deep neural network model for breast mass classification using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). Methods. We retrospectively collected 441 patients who had undergone DBT in which the regions of interest (ROIs) covering the malignant/benign breast mass were extracted for model training and validation. In the proposed MSF framework, three multifaceted representations of the breast mass (gross mass, overview, and mass background) are extracted from the ROIs and independently processed by a multi-scale multi-level features enforced DenseNet (MMFED). The three MMFED sub-models are finally fused at the decision level to generate the final prediction. The advantages of the MMFED over the original DenseNet, as well as different fusion strategies embedded in MSF, were comprehensively compared. Results. The MMFED was observed to be superior to the original DenseNet, and multiple channel fusions in the MSF outperformed the single-channel MMFED and double-channel fusion with the best classification scores of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (87.03%), Accuracy (81.29%), Sensitivity (74.57%), and Specificity (84.53%) via the weighted fusion method embedded in MSF. The decision level fusion-based MSF was significantly better (in terms of the ROC curve) than the feature concatenation-based fusion (p< 0.05), the single MMFED using a fused three-channel image (p< 0.04), and the multiple MMFED end-to-end training (p< 0.004). Conclusions. Integrating multifaceted representations of the breast mass tends to increase benign/malignant mass classification performance and the proposed methodology was verified to be a promising tool to assist in clinical breast cancer screening.
Density, flash point, viscosity, and heating value of waste cooking biodiesel (B20) with bioadditive essential oil (lemon, lemongrass, eucalyptus)
Authors: Permanasari A A , Sukarni S , Wulandari R , Puspitasari P , Mauludi M N , Ramadani R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This research is motivated by the decreasing of fossil fuels in the earth while the level of consumption of fossil fuels is getting higher from year to year, so the need for alternative fuels increases, one of which is biodiesel. The existence of studies in preparing biodiesel as an alternative fuel is essential. This study aimed to determine the effect of bioadditive essential oils (lemon, lemongrass, and eucalyptus) on biodiesel fuels’ thermophysical properties. The method used in this study is using esterification and transesterification step for making biodiesel. The character of biodiesel can be recognized by testing the physicochemical properties which consist of kinematic viscosity, density, flash point, and low heating value tests. The results show that the density of all samples is not significantly different in value. Increased density occurs in each sample due to the higher concentration of essential oils. As the concentration of essential oil increases, flashpoint tends to decrease. Low heating value tends to decrease with the increase concentration of essential oil. Kinematic viscosity has a value that tends to decrease with the addition of essential oil concentrations.
Influence of exposure time of acidic air on structure and strength of starch-nanoclay biocomposite
Authors: Setyamarsa Y A , Suryanto H , Kustono D , Aminnudin A. , Pradana Y R A , Lubis D Z , Bintara R D 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of acidic air on the strength and structure of starch-based biocomposites. Materials used for making biocomposite samples are tapioca starch, glycerol, distillate water, and nanoclay. Biocomposite synthesis uses a casting method. Treatment of acid-base air on biocomposite samples using acetic acids with a pH of 5 and exposure time for 2, 4 and 6 hours. After treatment, samples characterized using a tensile test and XRD analysis. The results show that the acidic air treatment affects the tensile strength of bioplastic samples. The tensile test results showed that the acidic air treatment of pH 5 for 4 hour results an optimum tensile strength of 9.1 MPa. The phase characterization using XRD showed that biocomposite samples with acidic air treatment indicate the highest intensity at a diffraction angle of 20.04°.
Structure and mechanical properties characterization of Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite
Authors: Fatmawati E , Sunaryono S , Hidayat M F , Kholifah M N , Yogihati C I , Taufiq A , Mufti N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recently, concrete has become a preferable primary raw material in construction, compares to wood and steel. However, some concrete cannot withstand heavy load; they even easily get eroded by seawater. That comes from the cement paste material used in a concrete based building structure. There are various ways to improve cement properties; one of them is by using nanomagnetic material in its production process. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 (FCA) particle that can be composited with cement material to revive the compressive strength of the cement. Co3O4 nanoparticle and Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite have been successfully synthesized using coprecipitation and sol-gel methods. The Co3O4 nanoparticle and Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite with Fe3O4@Co3O4 core-shell mass variation was characterized by XRD. The characterization result shows a particle size of 4.9 nm. Meanwhile, the Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite morphology has been successfully characterized using SEM instrument. The Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite that tends to get agglomerated is those with an average particle size of 22.9 nm. The characterization results of Shore D in Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite compressive test show that a concentration increase of Fe3O4@Co3O4 core-shell significantly affects the growth of nanocomposite hardness level with an optimum value of 79.8 MPa for the highest concentration ratio. Therefore, Fe3O4@Co3O4/Al2O3 nanocomposite is a very excellent reinforcing material for cement in the construction field.
A testbed of intelligent sun tracking system and thermoelectric generator with Fresnel lens at solar cell system for maximizing generated energy
Authors: Muladi M , Jalil M F A , Aripriharta A , Fadlika I , Hidayat S , Sendari S , Afandi A N A , Horng G J , Utomo W M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Solar or photovoltaic cells are one of the most potent renewable technologies to be applied in Indonesia that have a relatively high average daily solar radiation rate of 4.5 kWh/m2/day. In conventional applications, solar cells still have some weaknesses, especially on the efficiency of output that only reaches in the range of 5—16%. In this paper, optimizing the production of electrical energy in conventional solar cell system is carried out by modifying the system construction and controller. Intelligent Mobile Thermophotovoltaic (IMT) is a modified solar cell system that combines utilization of two sources of solar energy that are photon and thermal energy to convert into electrical energy. The sollar panel is intelligently controlled to maximized the received sunlight in solar cell. Fresnel lens is utilized for supporting the thermal energy collection of sunlight on the solar cell. The total energy produced by IMT is energy from Fresnel solar tracking concentrator plus the energy from thermoelectric heat collector and subtracted by energy which used for tracking system of about 2 Wh. The IMT can yield the electrical power of 91.815 Wh while the conventional solar cell system brought 55.15 Wh for 8 operation hours. This result showed that IMT can raise 66.46% the electrical energy production of conventional solar cell system.
Assessing Rietveld refinement results on silicon carbide nanoparticles produced by magnesiothermal treatment
Authors: Hidayat N , Hidayat A , Hidayat S , Mufti N , Taufiq A , Heriyanto H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Collection and evaluation of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data are essential not purely for phase and structural investigation, but more importantly for all intends and purposes of comprehensive materials characterizations. Incorrect XRD analysis result will lead to misinterpretation of the phase and structural characteristics. The worst part is that instigates inappropriate interpretation of other phase-dependent or structural-dependent properties, e.g. electric, magnetic, or thermodynamic properties. Consequently, accurate phase identification and crystal structure quantification from XRD data is inevitable prior to further materials characterizations, most significantly for nanomaterials. In this present study, we reported the complete XRD qualitative and quantitative analyses of silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles. The phase identification was run using X’Pert High Score Plus (HSP) software. Furthermore, the crystal structure computation was executed by means of different Rietveld-based computer programs, i.e. HSP, MAUD (Material Analysis using Diffraction), GSAS (General Structure Analysis System) and Rietica. Our research revealed that the synthesized silicon carbide preserved a cubic crystal structure. MAUD and GSAS could predict the equivalent particle size which was close to that of captured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, MAUD produced the most accurate value of the particle size. In this case, Rietica and MAUD extracted similar lattice parameter of the silicon carbide. At last but not least, the electron density mapping also presented to confirm the cubic crystal structure formation of the silicon carbide nanoparticles.
What matters in public perception and awareness of air quality? Quantitative assessment using internet search volume data
Authors: Ryu Young-Hee , Min Seung-Ki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recently, the issue of air quality in South Korea reached an unprecedented level of social concern regarding public health, quality of life, and environmental policies, even as the level of particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM10) showed a decreasing trend. Why have social concerns emerged in recent years, specifically after 2013–2014? This study aims to understand how people perceive air quality apart from the measured levels of airborne pollutants using internet search volume data from Google and NAVER. An empirical model that simulates the air quality perception index (AQPI) is developed by employing the decay theory of forgetting and is trained by PM10, visibility, and internet search volume data. The results show that the memory decay exponent and the accumulation of past memory traces, which represent the weighted sum of past perceived air quality, play key roles in explaining the public’s perception of air quality. A severe haze event with an extremely long duration that occurred in the year 2013–2014 increased public awareness of air quality, acting as a turning point. Before the turning point, AQPI is more influenced by sensory information (visibility) due to the low awareness level, but after the turning point it is more influenced by PM10 and people slowly forget about air quality. The retrospective AQPI analysis under a low level of awareness confirms that perceived air quality is indeed worst in the year 2013–2014. Our results provide a better understanding of public perception of air quality, and will contribute to the creation of more effective regulatory policies. It should be noted, however, that the proposed model is primarily meant to diagnose historic public perception and that more sophisticated models are needed to reliably predict perception of air quality.
Increasing concurrence of wildfire drivers tripled megafire critical danger days in Southern California between1982 and 2018
Authors: Khorshidi Mohammad Sadegh , Dennison Philip E , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , AghaKouchak Amir , Luce Charles H , Sadegh Mojtaba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Wildfire danger is often ascribed to increased temperature, decreased humidity, drier fuels, or higher wind speed. However, the concurrence of drivers—defined as climate, meteorological and biophysical factors that enable fire growth—is rarely tested for commonly used fire danger indices or climate change studies. Treating causal factors as independent additive influences can lead to inaccurate inferences about shifting hazards if the factors interact as a series of switches that collectively modulate fire growth. As evidence, we show that in Southern California very large fires and ‘megafires’ are more strongly associated with multiple drivers exceeding moderate thresholds concurrently, rather than direct relationships with extreme magnitudes of individual drivers or additive combinations of those drivers. Days with concurrent fire drivers exceeding thresholds have increased more rapidly over the past four decades than individual drivers, leading to a tripling of annual ‘megafire critical danger days’. Assessments of changing wildfire risks should explicitly address concurrence of fire drivers to provide a more precise assessment of this hazard in the face of a changing climate.
The modifying effects of heat and cold wave characteristics on cardiovascular mortality in 31 major Chinese cities
Authors: Chen Jinjian , Zhou Maigeng , Yang Jun , Yin Peng , Wang Boguang , Ou Chun-Quan , Liu Qiyong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death globally. Examining the relationship between the extreme temperature events (e.g. heat and cold waves) and cardiovascular mortality has profound public significance. However, this evidence is scarce, particularly those from China. We collected daily data on cardiovascular mortality and meteorological conditions from 31 major Chinese cities during the maximum period of 2007–2013. A two-stage analysis was used to estimate the effects of heat and cold waves, and the potential effect modification of their characteristics (intensity, duration, and timing in season) on cardiovascular mortality. Firstly, a generalized quasi-Poisson regression combined with distributed lag nonlinear model was used to evaluate city-specific effects. Then, the meta-analysis was performed to pool effect estimates at the national scale. Overall, cardiovascular mortality risk increased by 19.03% (95%CI: 11.92%, 26.59%) during heat waves and 54.72% (95%CI: 21.20%, 97.51%) during cold waves. The effect estimates varied by the wave’s characteristics. In heat wave days, the cardiovascular mortality risks increased by 3.28% (95%CI: −0.06%, 6.73%) for every 1 °C increase in intensity, 2.84% (95%CI: 0.92%, 4.80%) for every 1-d more in duration and −0.07% (95%CI: −0.38%, 0.24%) for every 1-d late in the staring of heat wave; the corresponding estimates for cold wave were 1.82% (95%CI: −0.04%, 3.72%), 1.52% (95%CI: 0.60%, 2.44%) and −0.26% (95%CI: −0.67%, 0.16%). Increased susceptibility to heat and cold waves was observed among patients with ischemic heart disease, females, the elderly, and those with lower education level. And consistent vulnerable populations were found for the effects of changes in cold and heat wave’s characteristics. The findings have important implications for the development of early warning systems and plans in response to heat and cold waves, which may contribute to mitigating health threat to vulnerable populations.
Environmental impact correction for resistivity logging in CBM horizontal well
Authors: Liu Zhidi , Tang Xiaoyan , Shi Mengxuan , Yang Junru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The resistivity logging in CBM horizontal well is under the influence of factors such as borehole, mud invasion and anisotropy. The environmental impact correction can improve the interpretation accuracy of CBM the horizontal well. This paper introduced in detail the correction methods of borehole, mud invasion and anisotropy, and the environmental impact of the resistivity logging in CBM horizontal well are automatically corrected using computer correction program. The results show that the method is easy to operate and feasible, and is highly operable. The corrected resistivity in horizontal well can approximately represent the real resistivity of the coal reservoir, which is able to improve the evaluation accuracy of the coal reservoir resistivity logging.
Application Research on Energy-saving Control Technology of Central Air Conditioning
Authors: Guo Changbao , Li yuping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Modern society is facing an increasingly serious energy crisis, and building energy conservation has been paid more and more attention. In recent years, the country has attached great importance to the development of energy conservation and environmental protection industries. Therefore, central air conditioning energy conservation technology has become an emerging industry in the construction industry everywhere. It has played an important role in supporting economic and social development, driving the rise of related industries, and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. The traditional central air-conditioning control system consumes a lot of energy while controlling a more suitable temperature. According to statistics, the energy consumption of central air conditioning accounts for more than 40% of the energy consumption of the entire building. The control technology of the traditional air-conditioning system is backward, which not only wastes a lot of energy, but also fails to meet the requirements of the new technology conditions. This article takes the central air-conditioning enterprises such as Yatai Group Co. Ltd., Zhongda Air Conditioning Group Co. Ltd, Shandong GRAD Group Co. Ltd. as the representative, to conduct the application research of the central air-conditioning energy-saving control technology to promote the application and development of the central air-conditioning energy-saving control technology.