bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Search for giant planets around seven white dwarfs in the Hyades cluster with the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Brandner Wolfgang , Zinnecker Hans , Kopytova Taisiya 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Only a small number of exoplanets have been identified in stellar cluster environments. We initiated a high angular resolution direct imaging search using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and its Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) instrument for self-luminous giant planets in orbit around seven white dwarfs in the 625 Myr old nearby (≈45 pc) Hyades cluster. The observations were obtained with Near-Infrared Camera 1 (NIC1) in the F110W and F160W filters, and encompass two HST roll angles to facilitate angular differential imaging. The difference images were searched for companion candidates, and radially averaged contrast curves were computed. Though we achieve the lowest mass detection limits yet for angular separations ≥0.5 arcsec, no planetary mass companion to any of the seven white dwarfs, whose initial main-sequence masses were &gt;2.8 M⊙, was found. Comparison with evolutionary models yields detection limits of ≈5–7 Jupiter masses (MJup) according to one model, and between 9 and ≈12 MJup according to another model, at physical separations corresponding to initial semimajor axis of ≥5–8 au (i.e. before the mass-loss events associated with the red and asymptotic giant branch phase of the host star). The study provides further evidence that initially dense cluster environments, which included O- and B-type stars, might not be highly conducive to the formation of massive circumstellar discs, and their transformation into giant planets (with m ≥ 6 MJup and a ≥6 au). This is in agreement with radial velocity surveys for exoplanets around G- and K-type giants, which did not find any planets around stars more massive than ≈3 M⊙.
The evolution of a circumplanetary disc with a dead zone
Authors: Chen Cheng , Yang (楊朝欽) Chao-Chin , Martin Rebecca G , Zhu Zhaohuan 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
We investigate whether the regular Galilean satellites could have formed in the dead zone of a circumplanetary disc. A dead zone is a region of weak turbulence in which the magnetorotational instability is suppressed, potentially an ideal environment for satellite formation. With the grid-based hydrodynamic code fargo3d, we examine the evolution of a circumplanetary disc model with a dead zone. Material accumulates in the dead zone of the disc leading to a higher total mass and but a similar temperature profile compared to a fully turbulent disc model. The tidal torque increases the rate of mass transport through the dead zone leading to a steady-state disc with a dead zone that does not undergo accretion outbursts. We explore a range of disc, dead zone, and mass inflow parameters and find that the maximum mass of the disc is around $0.001 M_{\rm J}$. Since the total solid mass of such a disc is much lower, we find that there is not sufficient material in the disc for in situ formation of the Galilean satellites and that external supplement is required.
A low-frequency radio halo survey of the South Pole Telescope SZ-selected clusters with the GMRT
Authors: Raja Ramij , Rahaman Majidul , Datta Abhirup , van Weeren Reinout J , Intema Huib T , Paul Surajit 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The presence of non-thermal electrons and large-scale magnetic fields in the intracluster medium is known through the detection of megaparsec (Mpc) scale diffuse radio synchrotron emission. Although a significant amount of progress in finding new diffuse radio sources has happened in the last decade, most of the investigation has been constrained towards massive low-redshift clusters. In this work, we explore clusters with redshift z &gt; 0.3 in search of diffuse radio emission, at 325 MHz with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. This campaign has resulted in the discovery of two new radio haloes (SPT-CL J0013−4906 and SPT-CL J0304−4401) along with two other detections (SPT-CL J2031−4037 and SPT-CL J2248−4431), previously reported (at 325 MHz) in the literature. In addition, we detect a halo candidate in one cluster in our sample, and upper limits for haloes are placed in eight clusters where no diffuse emission is detected. In the P1.4–LX plane, the detected haloes follow the observed correlation, whereas the upper limits lie above the correlation line, indicating the possibility of future detection with sensitive observations.
CATH: increased structural coverage of functional space
Authors: Sillitoe Ian , Bordin Nicola , Dawson Natalie , Waman Vaishali P , Ashford Paul , Scholes Harry M , Pang Camilla S M , Woodridge Laurel , Rauer Clemens , Sen Neeladri , Abbasian Mahnaz , Le Cornu Sean , Lam Su Datt , Berka Karel , Varekova Ivana Hutařová , Svobodova Radka , Lees Jon , Orengo Christine A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
CATH (https://www.cathdb.info) identifies domains in protein structures from wwPDB and classifies these into evolutionary superfamilies, thereby providing structural and functional annotations. There are two levels: CATH-B, a daily snapshot of the latest domain structures and superfamily assignments, and CATH+, with additional derived data, such as predicted sequence domains, and functionally coherent sequence subsets (Functional Families or FunFams). The latest CATH+ release, version 4.3, significantly increases coverage of structural and sequence data, with an addition of 65,351 fully-classified domains structures (+15%), providing 500 238 structural domains, and 151 million predicted sequence domains (+59%) assigned to 5481 superfamilies. The FunFam generation pipeline has been re-engineered to cope with the increased influx of data. Three times more sequences are captured in FunFams, with a concomitant increase in functional purity, information content and structural coverage. FunFam expansion increases the structural annotations provided for experimental GO terms (+59%). We also present CATH-FunVar web-pages displaying variations in protein sequences and their proximity to known or predicted functional sites. We present two case studies (1) putative cancer drivers and (2) SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Finally, we have improved links to and from CATH including SCOP, InterPro, Aquaria and 2DProt.
MethHC 2.0: information repository of DNA methylation and gene expression in human cancer
Authors: Huang Hsi-Yuan , Li Jing , Tang Yun , Huang Yi-Xian , Chen Yi-Gang , Xie Yue-Yang , Zhou Zhe-Yuan , Chen Xin-Yi , Ding Si-Yuan , Luo Meng-Fan , Jin Chen-Nan , Zhao Le-Shan , Xu Jia-Tong , Zhou Ying , Lin Yang-Chi-Dung , Hong Hsiao-Chin , Zuo Hua-Li , Hu Si-Yao , Xu Pei-Yi , Li Xin , Huang Hsien-Da 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulator in gene expression and has several roles in cancer and disease progression. MethHC version 2.0 (MethHC 2.0) is an integrated and web-based resource focusing on the aberrant methylomes of human diseases, specifically cancer. This paper presents an updated implementation of MethHC 2.0 by incorporating additional DNA methylomes and transcriptomes from several public repositories, including 33 human cancers, over 50 118 microarray and RNA sequencing data from TCGA and GEO, and accumulating up to 3586 manually curated data from &gt;7000 collected published literature with experimental evidence. MethHC 2.0 has also been equipped with enhanced data annotation functionality and a user-friendly web interface for data presentation, search, and visualization. Provided features include clinical-pathological data, mutation and copy number variation, multiplicity of information (gene regions, enhancer regions, and CGI regions), and circulating tumor DNA methylation profiles, available for research such as biomarker panel design, cancer comparison, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy study and identifying potential epigenetic biomarkers. MethHC 2.0 is now available at http://awi.cuhk.edu.cn/∼MethHC.
Translational control of coronaviruses
Authors: de Breyne Sylvain , Vindry Caroline , Guillin Olivia , Condé Lionel , Mure Fabrice , Gruffat Henri , Chavatte Laurent , Ohlmann Théophile 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCoronaviruses represent a large family of enveloped RNA viruses that infect a large spectrum of animals. In humans, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic and is genetically related to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which caused outbreaks in 2002 and 2012, respectively. All viruses described to date entirely rely on the protein synthesis machinery of the host cells to produce proteins required for their replication and spread. As such, virus often need to control the cellular translational apparatus to avoid the first line of the cellular defense intended to limit the viral propagation. Thus, coronaviruses have developed remarkable strategies to hijack the host translational machinery in order to favor viral protein production. In this review, we will describe some of these strategies and will highlight the role of viral proteins and RNAs in this process.
The landscape of long noncoding RNA-involved and tumor-specific fusions across various cancers
Authors: Guo Mengbiao , Xiao Zhen-Dong , Dai Zhiming , Zhu Ling , Lei Hang , Diao Li-Ting , Xiong Yuanyan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The majority of the human genome encodes long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes, critical regulators of various cellular processes, which largely outnumber protein-coding genes. However, lncRNA-involved fusions have not been surveyed and characterized yet. Here, we present a systematic study of the lncRNA fusion landscape across cancer types and identify &gt;30 000 high-confidence tumor-specific lncRNA fusions (using 8284 tumor and 6946 normal samples). Fusions positively correlated with DNA damage and cancer stemness and were specifically low in microsatellite instable (MSI)-High or virus-infected tumors. Moreover, fusions distribute differently among cancer molecular subtypes, but with shared enrichment in tumors that are microsatellite stable (MSS), with high somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), and with poor survival. Importantly, we find a potentially new mechanism, mediated by enhancer RNAs (eRNA), which generates secondary fusions that form densely connected fusion networks with many fusion hubs targeted by FDA-approved drugs. Finally, we experimentally validate functions of two tumor-promoting chimeric proteins derived from mRNA-lncRNA fusions, KDM4B–G039927 and EPS15L1–lncOR7C2–1. The EPS15L1 fusion protein may regulate (Gasdermin E) GSDME, critical in pyroptosis and anti-tumor immunity. Our study completes the fusion landscape in cancers, sheds light on fusion mechanisms, and enriches lncRNA functions in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
The topology of chromatin-binding domains in the NuRD deacetylase complex
Authors: Millard Christopher J , Fairall Louise , Ragan Timothy J , Savva Christos G , Schwabe John W R 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Class I histone deacetylase complexes play essential roles in many nuclear processes. Whilst they contain a common catalytic subunit, they have diverse modes of action determined by associated factors in the distinct complexes. The deacetylase module from the NuRD complex contains three protein domains that control the recruitment of chromatin to the deacetylase enzyme, HDAC1/2. Using biochemical approaches and cryo-electron microscopy, we have determined how three chromatin-binding domains (MTA1-BAH, MBD2/3 and RBBP4/7) are assembled in relation to the core complex so as to facilitate interaction of the complex with the genome. We observe a striking arrangement of the BAH domains suggesting a potential mechanism for binding to di-nucleosomes. We also find that the WD40 domains from RBBP4 are linked to the core with surprising flexibility that is likely important for chromatin engagement. A single MBD2 protein binds asymmetrically to the dimerisation interface of the complex. This symmetry mismatch explains the stoichiometry of the complex. Finally, our structures suggest how the holo-NuRD might assemble on a di-nucleosome substrate.
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load on Admission Is Associated With 30-Day Mortality
Authors: Bryan Andrew , Fink Susan L , Gattuso Meghan A , Pepper Gregory , Chaudhary Anu , Wener Mark H , Morishima Chihiro , Jerome Keith R , Mathias Patrick C , Greninger Alexander L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load on admission was associated with a significantly increased 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR], 4.20; 95% CI, 1.62–10.86), and anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapisid IgG seropositivity on admission trended toward a reduced 30-day mortality (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.15–1.26). Reporting of quantitative SARS-CoV-2 viral load and serologic assays may offer prognostic clinical information.
L’utilisation sécuritaire des médicaments chez les enfants ayant des problèmes médicaux complexes
Authors: Huth Kathleen , Vandecruys Patricia , Orkin Julia , Patel Hema 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Grâce aux progrès de la médecine et aux innovations en technologies de la santé, de nombreux enfants atteints d’affections au pronostic réservé vivent désormais plus longtemps. Ces enfants sont souvent qualifiés d’« enfants ayant des problèmes médicaux complexes », parce qu’ils ont des affections chroniques, utilisent davantage les soins de santé et sont dépendants de la technologie. La complexité de leurs soins et leur fragilité intrinsèque entraînent des risques plus élevés d’erreurs de médication, autant dans un contexte ambulatoire qu’hospitalier. Le taux élevé de fragmentation des soins, de mauvaise communication et de polypharmacie chez les enfants ayant des problèmes médicaux complexes accroissent les possibilités d’erreurs, particulièrement au moment de changer de milieu de soins et de praticiens. Il n’existe pas de données sur les facteurs qui contribuent à un risque plus élevé d’erreurs de médication dans cette population et sur les meilleures mesures pour les éviter. Le présent point de pratique fournit des directives cliniques aux professionnels de la santé afin de s’assurer d’une utilisation sécuritaire des médicaments auprès des enfants ayant des problèmes médicaux complexes et s’attarde sur des stratégies pratiques applicables à la fois en soins ambulatoires et hospitaliers.
Diagnosis and management of severe sepsis in the paediatric patient
Authors: Farrell Catherine A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to suspected or proven infection. Given its importance in terms of morbidity and mortality, a number of initiatives by several professional societies in recent years have led to the development of guidelines for the recognition and timely management of sepsis. The principal elements of the most recent guidelines are summarized in this practice point. These elements include recognition of changes in clinical condition and vital signs, such as fever, tachycardia, and changes in peripheral perfusion, which should raise concern for sepsis; initial stabilization of airway, breathing, and circulation; timely administration of empiric antimicrobial therapy; use of fluid boluses and vasoactive medications; and specific considerations in patients with underlying medical conditions, such as the use of corticosteroids for possible adrenal insufficiency due to hypothalamic-adrenal suppression. Two changes from previous guidelines are the concern for fluid overload, implying the need for clinical re-assessment after administration of each fluid bolus, and the removal of dopamine as the initial vasoactive agent for use in hypotensive paediatric patients, with recommendations for the use of epinephrine or norepinephrine as dictated by the clinical context. This practice point focuses primarily on sepsis management in older infants, children, and youth.
EP03 Parechovirus in a pathologist
Authors: Masih Claire , Dologhan Michael , Cairns Andrew 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Case report - Introduction
A 42-year-old pathologist presented with a 1-week history of muscle pain and subjective weakness. CK level on 2 occasions was &gt;3000.
The patient was systemically well with no past medical history, medication, or foreign travel. He had 1-day history of shivering with no recorded pyrexia. He reported pain in his proximal muscles and neck and subjective muscle weakness and lack of finger dexterity with no objective findings.

Case report - Case description
Autoantibody panel and inflammatory markers were performed which were normal. Full blood count with differential white cell count including eosinophils was normal. There was a modest rise in transaminases. Myositis panel was negative. Full viral screen was positive for parechovirus with titre of 30 on several samples. MRI proximal musculature showed increased fluid signal in the perifascial region of both thighs primarily involving the hamstrings, not definitive for myositis but suggestive of fasciitis.

Case report - Discussion
Parechovirus is a picornavirus, often causing mild gastrointestinal or respiratory illness but has been associated with epidemic myalgia and myositis during outbreaks of parechovirus in a Japanese population.
The patient improved spontaneously with CK reduced to 187 and improved symptoms after 1 week. We expect a good outcome and will review on patient's request if necessary.

Case report - Key learning points
Parechovirus can cause myofasciitis which is usually mild and self-limiting. It can be associated with elevated CK, transaminases and MRI findings and can be confirmed on respiratory viral swab.
Economic-State Variation in Uncertainty-Yield Dynamics
Authors: Connolly Robert A , Dubofsky David , Stivers Chris 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We show there is a much stronger negative, dynamic relation between changes in economic uncertainty and Treasury yields over weaker economic times since at least 1990. We document this economic-state variation in uncertainty-yield dynamics for weekly and monthly change horizons, for nominal yields and real-yield proxies, for multiple economic-state identification methods, and for different economic uncertainty metrics. We present additional findings that suggest short-term fluctuations in precautionary-savings and consumption-smoothing forces are more impactful on interest rate dynamics during weaker economic times, especially relying on surveys of expected economic growth and inflation.
Received February 8, 2019; editorial decision August 24, 2020 by Editor Nikolai Roussanov. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Comparison between low cost USB nailfold capillaroscopy and videocapillaroscopy: a pilot study
Authors: Berks Michael , Dinsdale Graham , Marjanovic Elizabeth , Murray Andrea , Taylor Chris , Herrick Ariane L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Universal serial bus (USB) microscopy (capillaroscopy) could provide all rheumatologists with an easy-to-use, low-cost tool to examine the nailfold capillaries to facilitate early diagnosis of SSc. The objectives of this pilot study were to examine the feasibility of acquiring and analysing images using USB microscopy and to compare results to videocapillaroscopy.

Methods
Videocapillaroscopy and USB microscope images were obtained from the right and left ring fingers of 20 patients with SSc and 20 healthy control subjects. In addition to generating panoramic capillary mosaics from across the whole nailbed, custom software made fully automated measurements of vessel structure including capillary width and density. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AZ) was used to measure separation between the SSc and healthy control groups.

Results
High quality images could be generated from the USB microscope, with reconstructed USB images comparing very favourably with those obtained using videocapillaroscopy. Using USB microscope images, the receiver operating characteristic curve AZ for group separation based on mean width was 0.81 (standard error 0.120) compared with 0.81 (standard error 0.095) for the (gold standard) videocapillaroscopy. The receiver operating characteristic curve AZ for group separation using capillary density was 0.48 (standard error 0.16) for USB microscope images, compared with 0.70 (standard error 0.10) for videocapillaroscopy.

Conclusion
In this pilot study, USB capillaroscopy was able to discriminate between patients with SSc and controls as well as videocapillaroscopy on the basis of capillary width. This finding, together with the high-quality images obtained, highlights the potential of USB capillaroscopy as a low-cost, easily accessible clinical and research tool.
The evolutionary diversity of barnacles, with an updated classification of fossil and living forms
Authors: Chan Benny K K , Dreyer Niklas , Gale Andy S , Glenner Henrik , Ewers-Saucedo Christine , Pérez-Losada Marcos , Kolbasov Gregory A , Crandall Keith A , Høeg Jens T 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present a comprehensive revision and synthesis of the higher-level classification of the barnacles (Crustacea: Thecostraca) to the genus level and including both extant and fossils forms. We provide estimates of the number of species in each group. Our classification scheme has been updated based on insights from recent phylogenetic studies and attempts to adjust the higher-level classifications to represent evolutionary lineages better, while documenting the evolutionary diversity of the barnacles. Except where specifically noted, recognized taxa down to family are argued to be monophyletic from molecular analysis and/or morphological data. Our resulting classification divides the Thecostraca into the subclasses Facetotecta, Ascothoracida and Cirripedia. The whole class now contains 14 orders, 65 families and 367 genera. We estimate that barnacles consist of 2116 species. The taxonomy is accompanied by a discussion of major morphological events in barnacle evolution and justifications for the various rearrangements we propose.
Reconstruction of the adductor chamber and predicted bite force in pterodactyloids (Pterosauria)
Authors: Pêgas Rodrigo V , Costa Fabiana R , Kellner Alexander W A 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe reconstruction of jaw muscles is critical in establishing potential cranial functions; however, myological studies of extinct groups that have no descendants are difficult to perform and test. This is particularly true for pterosaurs, a group of extinct flying reptiles that present a plethora of cranial morphologies, suggesting different functions and feeding habits. Here we present a first attempt to reconstruct the adductor musculature of the pterodactyloid skull in detail, using osteological correlates and the extant phylogenetic bracketing method. Using these reconstructions, we estimate bite force for nine selected species and investigate implications for potential dietary habits.