bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer Aided System for Gambung Tea Identification using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Ibrahim Nur , Fu’adah YN , Pratiwi NK Caecar , Rizal Syamsul , Usman Koredianto 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tea commodity has a very strategic role for Indonesian economy. In 2012 the tea commodity was able to generate foreign exchange of US $ 156.74 million. Nationally, tea industry contributes a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of around Rp. 1.2 trillion. The total tea plantation area in Indonesia entirely covering 123 938 hectares. The conception of sustainable tea production includes three aspects, economic development, social development and environmental protection. One of the steps towards sustainable tea production is survey and identification. The process continues with the selection of suitable planting material (seedlings). Gambung series, are planting material seeds that have been recommended by the Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture. The Gambung series has a potential yield of 4.000 - 5.800 kg/hectare of dried tea. The morphological similarity level of Gambung series is very high, because the elders of the clones are from the same crossing parents. Experts who are able to identify Gambung clone are very limited. This process is susceptible to errors and is very dependent on the presence of experts. If an error occurs in the process of identifying the type of clone, it will interferes with the breeding process. Errors in the selection of recommended clones will be detrimental to the process for long time period, due to the economic age of the tea plant can reach 50 years. From this issue, it is very necessary to design a system that is able to identify the planting material of Gambung series clones. The system is designed to classify Gambung and Non Gambung tea series using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a high accuracy and low loss rate.
Preprocessing Using Correlation Based Features Selection on Naive Bayes Classification
Authors: Kurniawan Yogiek Indra , Cahyono Teguh , Nofiyati  , Maryanto Eddy , Fadli Ari , Indraswari Naisha Rahma 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The birth of a healthy baby is generally around 38-42 weeks of pregnancy. However, there are many babies born at an inadequate age of birth and the age of birth that is past its time. This study aims to predict the age of the birth of a patient. The method used is a classification with the Naïve Bayes algorithm with input variable (X), the factors experienced by pregnant women in the form of 8 variables X and Y variable in the form of Birth Age. Problems that arise are too many attributes that affect the results of accuracy. To overcome this, preprocessing is used with the Correlation Based Features Selection (CBFS) method. CBFS chose the X variables which had the highest correlation with the Y variable (Birth Age) but had the least correlation between the X variables. From the CBFS that had been done, produced 4 X variables, namely: blood pressure, number of babies, congenital diseases before pregnancy, and problems during pregnancy. The results of the test showed an increase in Precision, recall, and accuracy in the Naïve Bayes classification when implemented CBFS. The highest value of accuracy after preprocessing is 67% with an increase of 2 percent compared to before preprocessing.
Design of Open Loop Single Axis Solar Tracker System
Authors: Rinaldi Rizal , Aprillia Bandiyah Sri , Ekaputri Cahyantari , Reza Muhamad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe amount of power output in a solar power system depends on the intensity of solar radiation. The earth’s movements however cause changes in the intensity of solar radiation received by solar panels on the daily. Therefore, the implementation of a controller that can track the position of the sun (solar tracker) is believed to increase the power output of solar panels. This research focuses on the design of a photovoltaic panel drive system using an Android-based application as a monitoring media. The application is used to monitor the current temperature and provide a desired angle input. Based on the test results, the average power output of a fixed PV reached only 17.15 Watt, while on a single axis PV, average output reached 21.50 Watt. It can be concluded that in the single axis PV, average power output increased by more than 25% compared to the fixed PV.
The Electrical Property of SiO2/Graphene/PBA-NHS/anti O and K E. coli Antibodies as Sensing Layer for Escherichia coli Bacteria Sensor
Authors: Wibowo K. M. , Rosni N. M. , Muslihati A. , Romadhona G. , Royan  , Fatiatun  , Sahdan M. Z. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper explains the effects of BSA/PBA-NHS/Graphene/SiO2 used as a sensing layer for E. coli bacteria sensor based on the electrical properties. In this research, graphene is used as a sensing layer due to its superior properties especially its biocompatibility. The biocompatibility of graphene was examined by topological properties by AFM. Moreover, it was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The topological structure and Raman spectroscopy showed good results which is indicate the graphene layer suitable for biosensing applications. Additionally, it was also confirmed that the antibody was successfully immobilized on the modified SiO2/graphene/PBANHS. PBANHS is used as a linker due to its cost-effective and time-saving. The electrical properties of the sensing layer before and after the immobilized antibody shows a significant difference. When the number of E. coli bacteria increases, the current increase also became higher. The change in resistance gradually increases from 0.04 to 2.62 Ħ when the number of bacteria increases from 55 to 1200 CFU/ml.-+.
Performance Analysis of DDM Method to Reduce The Doppler Effect on Vehicular
Authors: Rahmadiansyah Muhammad Ardi , Suryani Titiek 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
VANET is an innovation that supports vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication. The main application of VANET technology is to realize better and safer traffic management. However, due to the high mobility of the vehicle, this technology causes the Doppler effect, when the spectral signal enlarges in the OFDM system. The Doppler effect occurs due to the influence of the use of Rayleigh fading vehicle-to-vehicle channels on the VANET environment and the effect of changing channel movement conditions causing time-varying channels. It also triggers the spread of Doppler to be larger than the symbol duration. This certainly can disrupt the orthogonality of the OFDM system which is the basis of VANET communication. The effect is the occurrence of ICI (inter-carrier-interference) causing the performance of OFDM to decrease. This research proposes the Direct Development Method (DDM) scheme, a technique to compensate for the Doppler effect which is different from the general scheme. In this study, the scheme used is to focus the corrector on the data frame before sending it. The simulation is carried out by testing the modulation which refers to the IEEE 802.11p standard with 4 different vehicle speed conditions namely 24, 64, 144, and 294 km/h. Analysis of the performance of the application of the DDM scheme on modulation based on the effect of the speed provided gives better results compared to the modulation performance without the compensation of the Doppler (Non-DDM) or conventional effects on the SNR requirement side to achieve the BER 10Ȓ3 target.
Estimation of Groundwater Recharge in Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Sanidhya Nika , Lo Wei Cheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In regional groundwater management, it is necessary to find out the water balance between the supply and demand of groundwater. One of the most important in analyzing the water balance of groundwater is groundwater recharge. Semarang city that has a groundwater management problem needs to know the groundwater recharge to analyze the groundwater balance. On the other hand, it is difficult to measure groundwater recharge accurately, consequently, the groundwater recharge should be estimated. There are several methods to estimate groundwater recharge. To verify the groundwater recharge estimation, more than one method of groundwater recharge estimation should be used. In this paper, the determination of groundwater recharge is using the Chaturvedi formula and Krishna Rao formula based on the amount of rainfall, and well level data method that based on the difference in water level. Based on the final results, the well level data method seems the best fit in estimating the groundwater recharge.
Analyzing Tsunami Hazard using Numerical Modelling: Study Case Palu, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan A , Satria R A , Pratama M B 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to assess the Tsunami hazard in Palu due to the future Tsunamigenic event in terms of near-shore and far-field Tsunami runup, inundation height, and Tsunami arrival time along the coast of Palu. A numerical model is developed to simulate propagation and inundation in the study area. Four scenarios are conducted, which consists of the Tsunamigenic earthquake and aerial subsidence as an approach for mimicking hypothetical potential landslide. The outcome from simulation such as inundation height each grid points then calculated with building footprint stored data – derivation data from the terrain model to develop a Tsunami hazard map. Preliminary Tsunami Hazard Map is made to classify the Tsunami hazard level by existing classification added with estimated building impacted and arrival time ashore on each village in Palu City administrative region.
Rifting and Lifting Neogene Age in Biak-Yapen Basin Based on Structural Trajectory Analogy in Biak and Supiori Island
Authors: Saragih R Y , Alviyanda  , Sunan H L , Slameto E , Nurdiana I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to calculate the rifting and lifting phase of Neogene age in the Biak - Yapen Basin region, related to the prediction of an oil and gas trap zone based on the analogy of the surface measurement trajectory. The methodology used is the measurement of geological structures on the surface and in the data analysis using Delvaux, 1997 and Zoback, 2007 concept. Based on the structure measurement in outcrop, there are 78 stations along Biak Island and Supiori Island, which will be used and projected as an analogy to the offshore basin. Statistically in the archipelago shows that there are three times rifting phase domination candidates categorized as maximum intensity and a lifting phase candidates are also categorized as maximum intensity. There are three times rifting phase with movement direction, σ-3 is relatively horizontal, consisting of NE-SW direction with an intensity of 15.60% rifting aged Middle to Late Miocene, ENE-WSW direction with intensity 13.30% rifting aged Late Miocene to Pliocene and finally from the W-E direction with an intensity of 17.80% rifting aged Pleistocene. The three rifting phases are followed by sedimentation of carbonate rock from the Middle Miocene to the Pleistocene aged which consists of Napisendi Fm, Korem Fm, Wardo Fm, and Mokmer Fm. The lifting phase once occurred with the compressional direction, σ-1 is relatively horizontal, directed at W-E with an intensity of 21.20% lifting aged Pleistocene to Resen. This phase has elevated formations from the age of the Late Oligocene to the Pleistocene in the archipelago.
Limestone Facies Change of Jonggrangan To Sentolo Formation in The Western Part of Yogyakarta-Central Java Basin
Authors: Setijadi Rachmad , Widagdo Asmoro , Zaenurrohman Januar Aziz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The research location is in the western of Yogyakarta-Central Java Basin, where limestone of Jonggrangan and Sentolo Formation are found with the same age but have different depositional facies characteristics. These differences will be interesting to study the historical process of its formation. The research was conducted through a series of methods. Starting from geological mapping to determine the order of rock stratigraphy, the depiction of outcrop profiles, and limestone sampling for petrographic analysis. Eventually, the depositional environment of the two rock formations was discovered. Field observation results and laboratory analysis were further integrated to determine the rock facies that make up the two formations. The rock units in the study area from old to young are the pyroxene andesite breccia unit of Upper Oligocene age and limestone. The bioclastic limestone and layered limestone units are deposited by interfingering, unconformity over the pyroxene andesite breccia unit. The Middle Miocene bioclastic limestone unit is equivalent to Jonggrangan Formation in the inner shelf environment (Restricted Lagoon and Open Lagoon facies environment). Whereas layered limestone of Middle Miocene age is equivalent to the Sentolo Formation in the lower slope environment (Restricted Lagoon, Open Lagoon, and Open Sea Shelf) facies.
Analysis of quality control of chippendale furniture products using seven tools approach (case study of PT. Bothwell Indonesia)
Authors: Prabaswari Atyanti Dyah , Susilo Ahmed Joko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
One of the products produced at PT. Bothwell Indonesia is a small shelf. This product requires a high level of accuracy because the product has a screw and has separate small parts which are then put together. This can be found on the Chippendale Lacquered Library Side Table product. On this product, according to the staff section production and marketing, these products often face problems. Therefore, in this study, an approach with quality control is carried out to conduct further analysis, and it can be seen how the quality control that occurs in the product. The method used in this research is to use seven quality control tools. Based on the results of the product defect analysis, which has the highest value is the type of uneven paint defects with the number of products of 7 pieces. Next followed by the type of gross defect by five pieces, broken/cracked by three pieces. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion of Chippendale products included in controlled quality control. This is because when viewed statistically the number of products that have defects does not exceed or be less than the control limit.
Wear performance and Mechanical properties of Unidirectional Sisal/Carbon/Flax Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Anand Kumar R , Sindhu S SS , Kumaresan M , Sathish S , Karthi N , Vignesh J , Sidharth S P , Shreedhar K V , Subash Rajasekar P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This current work rate the mechanical properties, wear resistance and frictional force of unidirectional hybrid fiber orientation composites. The orientation of fibers done by manually according to the size of fabricated plate and thickness of plate. In these research sisal/carbon and sisal/carbon/flax hybrid fiber reinforced composites are selected. Selected different combinations of hybrid fiber reinforced composites are shaped by using compression molding techniques. After that property of mechanical, wear resistance and frictional force were studied by using experimental study to discover their tensile, compressive, impact properties, wear resistance and frictional force due to the effect of unidirectional hybrid fiber combinations. The results of this study indicates that unidirectional sisal/carbon/flax hybrid combinations shows the better tensile strength, compression strength, impact strength, wear resistance and frictional force.
Compressive test Fractured Surface analysis on PLA-Cu composite filament printed at different FDM conditions
Authors: Pavan M Venkata , Balamurugan K , Balamurugan P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Additive manufacturing technology has found its development in the various emerging engineering fields. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) had proven to be a suitable built-up technique for any complicated and instant shapes. Owing to the advantage of additive manufacturing and emerging industrial needs, the 3D composite filament has been used as a competitive material over the available materials. Commercially available Poly Lactic Acid (PLA), ABS filaments have been widely used in FDM. In the present work, copper particles of mesh size mesh 20-30 micrometers are taken as the reinforcement in the PLA matrix. After primary investigation, 12% of copper particles are found to be a suitable weight percentage in the PLA matrix. The suitable proportional mixture is ball milled for 2 hours, melted to 120oC, and then hot extruded to get a filament diameter of 1 mm. The newly fabricated 3D composite filament is printed at different FDM conditions for the compression test to the ASTM D695-15 standard. The printed samples are subjected to a compression test until failure. Failure mechanism happened on different condition printed samples are examined through scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination. The compression effect causes the squeezing and slippery action of copper particles inside the structure leads to having a displacement of particles.
Design, Analysis and Fabrication of Human External Ear by Using Fused Film Fabrication
Authors: Vijay Kumar A. , Saheb Shaik Himam , Mamatha A. , Ramesh B. , Pravalika G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The conductive hearing loss due to ossicular abnormalities occurs from many causes, including trauma, cholesteatoma, infection, surgery and congenital anomalies. Recent developments in the area of tissue engineering as well as in the area of fused film fabrication promise to profoundly affect the practice of reconstructive surgery. Therefore, a human external ear prototype is built by using the 3D printing technology from the CT scan by conversion using 3D slicer software. Firstly, the human head computer tomography (CT) scanned file of DICOM data format is collected. Then the DICOM data file is converted into NRRD file format by using 3D slicer software and saved in a folder. Then the NRRD file is converted into 3D printable STL file format by using Embodi3D.com website. Here the STL file is imported into 3D slicer for separation of external ear from total head model by using Mesh mixer. Then the STL file of the ear is imported into the 3d printing machine which builds the prototype of ear. The prototype was made with PLA plastic using an FDM 3D printer. During the prototype building, various parameters of printing machine are recorded. The analytical tests were carried on ANSYS by applying various Bio compatible stresses on the ear surface and the results are recoded.
Root Cause Analysis of Cover Assembly Line of Clutch Plate
Authors: Saravanakumar M , Murugapoopathi S , Sudhagar S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The cause and effect analysis mainly aims to reduce the consumer complaints with failure mode analysis and 8D principle. This work aims to reduce the run out defect percentage in clutch cover plate and most of the defects are produced due to run out. The overall defect observed from run out was usually 60-70%. The height difference between the fingers exceed the specified limit is named as run out defect for 18 finger diaphragm. The major parameters identified for measuring root-cause analysis of clutch plate are diaphragm finger uneven, diaphragm angle, diaphragm bi-cone height and diaphragm hardness. The root-cause defect was reduced by cause and effect method, 8 D analysis and 5W principle. The lean principle is employed in this work to utilize the men, material and resources with maximum efficiency. The lean principle reduces the waste and allows the company to supply the product in time with maximum accuracy.
Experimental records based-simplified modeling of mean temperatures of steel beams in open environment
Authors: Abid Sallal R , Al-Bugharbee Hussein 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Solar radiation and air temperature hourly, daily and seasonally variation is of a noticeable impact on bridge girders and other exposed structures. The time-dependent changing of the mean temperature of the girder and the complete superstructure is the key parameter to calculate support movements and rotations. Based on an experimental measurement from a steel beam installed in an open environment, the mean temperature variation of steel beams could be studied and modeled in this investigation. The experimental records included steel temperatures of web and flanges, solar radiation and air temperature and speed. The recorded thermal measurements were used to obtain correlation relationships that describe the mean temperatures of the web, flanges and the whole beam in terms of wind speed, air temperature and solar radiation. These correlation relationships were validated using a part of the experimental data. The results showed that predicted models has good correlation coefficients.
Post-fire resistance of concrete filled steel tube columns
Authors: Alhatmey Ihssan A , Ekmekyapar Talha , Ayoob Nadheer S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Basically, columns of CFST ( Concrete-filled steel tube) are a common technique to increase the carried compressive forces in the frame. These columns are very effective method of composite building. The behaviors of these columns due to several various loading types have been well studied. This study investigated the CFST columns in order to advance their post-fire resistance. A standard fire exposure was used to examine columns without and with concrete. In order to study their performance after fire, fire exposed samples and specimens without fire exposure in total 6 samples were examined by concentric compressive load to the failure. Samples of CFST column were cast by high performance self-compacting concrete. The obtained results showed that concrete with steel tube provides very high post-fire resistances. Generally, certain configurations achieved post-fire resistances significantly higher than that CFST samples without fire exposure. The results of this work supply novel insights and suggest cost effective solutions to enhance the execution of concrete- filled steel tube columns that subjected to ambient temperature and due to fire exposure.
Schlieren without Knife-edge
Authors: Kannan B T , Lingeshwar R , Gousik R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present work is about a very low-cost Schlieren setup for compressible flow visualization especially high-speed jets. The conventional Schlieren setups employ knife-edge for chopping of rays. The specialty of the setup is that it does not employ a knife-edge for chopping off the deflected rays. The chopping off is achieved by a lens of the DSLR camera used for recording the images resulting from Schlieren Visualization process. The flow field of a supersonic jet from a convergent nozzle is used to check the visualization outcomes. The method is found to be cost effective and yields best results for jet flow visualization. The present method can be employed by students and research scholars for their research studies.
Evaluating the Performance of Fibrous Cement Mortar Containing Chopped Carbon Fiber (C.C.F.)
Authors: Elaiwi Essam H , Al-Chalabi Saeb F , Al-Asadi Laith S M , Abbood Ali A , AL-Ridha Ahmed S D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This work presents an investigative study of the influence of adding chopped carbon fiber (C.C.F.) on the performance of two specified properties of cement mortar, namely; The flexural strength and density, for two (W/C) ratios (0.4 & 0.6). Four cement mortar mixtures were casted for this purpose, these mixtures were divided into two groups according to their (W/C) ratios (0.4 & 0.6), and each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to whether C.C.F. is used or not. It was found that, when C.C.F. is added, the flexural strength and density of the cement mortar mass are increased for both (W/C) ratios, and the percentages of these increases are slightly increased with the increase in (W/C) ratios. It was also found that, when (W/C) ratio is enlarged from (0.4) to (0.6), the flexural strength and density are reduced with and without the existence of C.C.F., and the percentage of this reduction is slightly decreased in the existence of C.C.F.