bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
K-Means Color Segmentation and Morphological Feature Extraction of Bamboo Fiber as an Environmentally Friendly Material for Soil Strengthening
Authors: Latifah Khoiriya , Siswanto Joko , Supriyadi Bambang 
Published: November 2020

Indonesia is one of the bamboo producing countries. One of the characteristics of good bamboo is that bamboo has a good fiber content as well. Characteristics of a good bamboo fiber is fiber that has a size and length of fiber that is large and long because it will affect the compressive strength and tensile strength of the bamboo. This study uses the K-Means color segmentation method and shape measurements based on the morphological characteristics of bamboo fibers, namely the area, circumference / perimeter and fiber roundness ratio. The results of testing with 18 images of bamboo type training show that Wulung bamboo fiber which is still of the same genus with bamboo Gombong has the largest size fiber of 40.4, the longest perimeter of 3.73 and has a roundness ratio of 0.83 bamboo Ori which has an area of 21, 6, perimeter of 3.23 and a roundness ratio of 0.79. Bambu Petung has an area of 20.6, perimeter of 2.53 and roundness ratio of 0.79. Java Bamboo has an area of 20.2, perimeter of 1.19 and a roundness ratio of 0.8. Whereas Bambu Apus only has an area of 19.2, a perimeter of 2.09 and a roundness ratio of 0.78. Testing using 8 testing images obtained an accuracy rate of 0,625.
The Filozoficzne podstawy antylogiki
Authors: Nerczuk Zbigniew 
Published: November 2020

Artykuł poświęcony jest sofistycznej metodzie antylogicznej. Tradycyjne rozumienie antylogiki ujmowanej jako przejaw agonicznych i erystycznych skłonności sofistów i pod wpływem optyki Platona przeciwstawianej dialektyce zostało w ostatnich dekadach, pod wpływem pracy G.B. Kerferda, zastąpione rozumieniem antylogiki jako samoistnej techniki argumentacyjnej, mającej swe własne źródła, istotę i cele. Idąc za interpretacją G.B. Kerferda, wedle której fundamentem antylogiki jest opozycja dwu logoi wynikająca ze sprzeczności lub przeciwieństwa, w konieczny sposób związanego ze światem zmysłowym, w artykule dowodzi się, że filozoficznych podstaw antylogiki należy poszukiwać w przedstawieniu poglądów przypisywanych Protagorasowi w Platońskim dialogu Teajtet.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTION MONITORING OF FLUCONAZOLE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: .A Gomathi , M Sudha.K. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To study the incidence and pattern of adverse effects of Antifungal drug Fluconazole and to assess the severity of its adverse effects.
Methodology: The study was approved by Institutional ethics committee and informed consent was obtained from all willing participants. Patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Age sex, diagnosis, dose and duration of treatment were recorded. 2ml of blood was collected for liver function test. The adverse drug reaction (ADR) was documented. The causality assessment was done by WHO assessment scale and severity assessment by using modified Hartwig severity assessment scale.
Results: In this study, most of the patients were in 31-40 years age group. Among the 100 patients who were on Fluconazole 58 developed adverse drug reactions. 64 percentage of ADRs were reported in patients with treatment duration of more than 12 weeks. The most common adverse drug effect documented was abdominal pain followed by headache. Increase in serum transaminases was noted in 7 percentage of patients who were taking Fluconazole for more than 12 weeks, which did not require treatment termination or dosage alteration. Most of the ADRs were in possible category of causality assessment scale. In severity assessment most of the ADRs were in mild category.
Conclusion: Adverse drug reaction to Fluconazole was mostly noted in patients who were on treatment for more than12 weeks of which elevated serum transaminases were observed in 8 patients. Hence regular liver function monitoring is advised in all patients receiving Fluconazole for more than 12 weeks to prevent further liver damage.
Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, Fluconazole
PENGEMBANGAN KAMUS AL-AF’ĀL DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN MENULIS PADA MAHASISWA PRODI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB IAIN PONTIANAK
Authors: Arifudin Arifudin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Many students have difficulty in learning to write which is caused by the absence of a representative learning media. This study aims to create a media that makes it easier for students to find forms of verb changes in Arabic. This research uses Research and development (R&D) design which consists of eight steps: (1) identification of potential and problems, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) validation, (5) product revision, (6) small-scale product trials, (7) product revisions, and (8) large-scale use trials. The research data were obtained using interview, documentation and observation techniques. The results of the experts' validation showed that the average percentage rating are 80.47% in terms of media and 84.44% in terms of material. Therefore, the Al-Af’al dictionary is considered very feasible to be used in learning. The results of large-scale trials indicate that Al-Af’al Dictionary media can improve learning outcomes. The results of statistical analysis show that the value of the T test is greater than the T table of 11.03: 2.059, which means there is a significant increase between pre-test and post-test learning outcomes through the use of the Al-Af’al Dictionary.
Keywords: Learning Media, Learning Outcomes, Learning to Write
Influence of Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Yield of Four Lentil Varieties
Authors: Sonet RA , Ali MH , Amin AKMR , Haque MN , Masum SM 
Published: November 2020

An adequate supply of phosphorus (P) is important for the proper growth and yield of lentil, particularly in poor fertile soil. As such an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of phosphorus (P) fertilizer application on growth, yield, and yield components of lentil at the agronomy research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2013-201. Four lentil varieties (BARI Masur-4, BARI Masur-5, BARI Masur-6, and BARI Masur-7) and four levels of P (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) were used in this experiment as treatment variables. Interaction of cultivar and P levels showed a significant influence on all the plant characters studied except plant height and branch production. The highest seed yield (1.98 t ha-1) was obtained from the combination of BARI Masur-7 with 40 kg P2O5 ha-1, and the lowest (1.08 t ha-1) was from BARI Masur-5 with 0 kg P2O5 ha-1. Addition of P fertilizer beyond 40 kg ha-1 decreased seed yield irrespective of varieties. Results revealed that the application of P fertilizer offers a large scope for obtaining a higher yield of lentil in Bangladesh. However, the application of P fertilizer at the rate of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 would be the optimum for achieving higher yield irrespective of varieties.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 29-36
Seed Yield and Yield Components of Sesame as Affected by Various Weed Control Methods
Authors: Hossain J , Ali MO , Islam MA , Alam MS , Islam MR , Rahman J 
Published: November 2020

Weed control strategy greatly influences on weed infestation and yield of sesame. An experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna during Kharif-1 season of two consecutive years 2015-16 and 2016-17 to find out the suitable weed control methods in sesame. It comprises five weed control methods viz., Application of Panida (T1), Application of Panida with one hand weeding at 20 DAE (T2), One hand weeding at 20 DAE (T3), Two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAE (T4) and Control (no weeding) (T5 ). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Among the weed species, Cyperus rotundus and Digitaria sangunalis were the most abundant weeds. Application of Panida with one hand weeding at 20 DAE (T2) gave the lowest weed density, weed biomass and the highest weed control efficiency followed by application of Panida (T1) in both years. Weed biomass influenced negatively on plant height, number of capsule plant-1, seed yield and stalk yield. The maximum seed yield and stalk yield were also obtained from T2 which was statistically similar to T1 treatment and the minimum seed yield from T5. Economic analysis indicated that T2 gave higher gross return but T1 provided higher gross margin and benefit cost ratio. The treatment, T4 showed higher total variable cost due to the high cost of labour for hand weeding with the increase of variable cost, which affected the marginal return and benefit-cost ratio. However, based on the economic point of view, application of Panida in pre-emergence condition (T1) was a profitable and suitable weed control method in summer sown sesame.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 107-116
Accident and emergency department attendance rates of people experiencing homelessness by GP registration: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Reilly Johanna , Hassanally Khalil , Budd John , Mercer Stewart 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundPeople experiencing homelessness are known to have complex health needs and to be high users of hospital accident and emergency (A&E) departments. It is unclear whether access to a day-time specialist homeless medical practice, as opposed to routine general practice, influences A&E attendance rates.AimThis study investigated whether registration with a specialist homeless service would alter A&E attendance rates in a single geographical region in Scotland.Design & settingA health board area with a specialist service for people experiencing homelessness was selected. Data were obtained from the hospital records of 4408 A&E attendances by people experiencing homelessness at NHS Lothian (based on a broad definition of homelessness and including those in temporary accommodation) between January 2015 and July 2017.MethodThe attendances were compared between people registered with a specialist service and those registered with a mainstream GP.ResultsThe reasons for attendance and urgency of attendance were broadly similar between the two groups. Repeat attendance was similarly high in both groups. Almost 70% in both groups attended with problems deemed urgent, very urgent, or requiring immediate resuscitation. The patients registered with the specialist homeless service were more likely to be older and male; however, this did not affect the frequency of attendance.ConclusionPeople experiencing homelessness attending A&E mainly do so for urgent or very urgent problems. This was not related to the type of day-time primary care service they had access to. Strategies to reduce attendances, such as out-of-hours mobile medical units, should be explored.
THE HISTORICAL BAZAARS AND SHOPPING ARCADES. POSSIBILITIES OF THEIR RENOVATION
Authors: Bredihina A. 
Published: November 2020

Shopping arcades and bazaars are considered as the oldest and most common commercial buildings in Russia. The main periods of development of these buildings are investigated, and the most probable space-planning prototypes (Emporia, caravanserais, and others) are established. A typology of cellular commercial buildings is proposed. The objects are compared in the following areas: the nature of the layout, spatial solutions, stylistic directions. Domestic and foreign experience of adaptation is considered. Examples of the most interesting and diverse solutions for the modern use of cellular commercial buildings are given. The main directions of renovation of commercial buildings are proposed, such as functional, planning, spatial.
Conclusions are drawn about the wide possibilities of modern use of such buildings. The most suitable functions are selected, including retail, catering, office, etc. The mixed function is highlighted as the most preferred. As a method for evaluating the proposed spatial planning solutions, it is proposed to rely on data from landscape and visual analysis. The optimal solution is selected for commercial buildings of different configurations: linear (functional and planning direction), semi-closed (development of internal space, landscaping, the possibility of organizing seasonal shopping and fair spaces) and closed (the same as for semi-closed, plus a solution for overlapping (full or partial) internal space). The historical and cultural value of bazaars and shopping arcades, the need to preserve them are proved.
Não abandone no escuro: a construção de confiança e os regimes de não-proliferação de armas de destruição em massa / Don’t leave in the darkness: the building of trust and wmd nonproliferation regimes
Authors: Santos Vieira de Jesus Diego 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar como os regimes de não-proliferação de armas de destruição em massa influenciam a construção de confiança entre grandes potências e Estados acusados de não seguirem ou violarem compromissos incorporados em tais regimes ou que os abandonam na contemporaneidade. O argumento central aponta que a confiança construída entre tais atores é menor quando 1) não se oferece a atores acusados de violar regras estabelecidas a habilidade de formular e implementar decisões sobre resultados antes controlados por outros, em especial relacionadas à preservação de direitos soberanos e inalienáveis dos Estados; 2) não se busca criar sistemas de supervisão depois da implementação das decisões e do conhecimento sobre suas consequências, os quais sejam menos custosos para que os Estados os implementem; 3) se definem modos de interação menos flexíveis que criem orientações excessivamente específicas sobre o comportamento a ser adotado. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate how the regimes of non - proliferation of weapons of mass destruction influence the building of trust between major powers and states accused of not following or violating commitments incorporated in such regimes or abandoned them in the contemporary world. The central argument shows that the trust between these actors is lower when 1 ) regimes fail to offer actors accused of violating established rules the ability to formulate and implement decisions on results previously controlled by others, in particular related to the preservation of sovereign and inalienable rights of states; 2) regimes do not create systems of supervision after the implementation of decisions and the knowledge of its consequences, which are less costly for states to implement them, 3) less flexible modes of interaction are created and very specific guidelines for the behavior are adopted.
Homeostaza ośrodkowego układu nerwowego a sen: rola układu cholinergicznego, glutaminianergicznego i GABA-ergicznego oraz ich interakcje w przełączaniu pomiędzy stanami behawioralnymi i fazami snu.
Authors: Cieślik Paulina , Wierońska Joanna M 
Published: November 2020

Sen jest złożonym procesem, który jest ściśle regulowany przez wiele neuroprzekaźników. Aktywacja lub hamowanie obszarów zaangażowanych w przełączanie pomiędzy stanem czuwania a snem jest uzależnione od homeostazy pomiędzy uwalnianym glutaminianem a GABA. Znaczącą rolę w tych procesach spełnia również acetylocholina, która odpowiada za utrzymanie stanu czuwania, a także moduluje przejście w fazę REM.
Zapewnienie odpowiedniego przełączania pomiędzy stanem czuwania a snem, a także pomiędzy snem NREM a REM jest kluczowe dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu. Procesy te zachodzą na zasadzie negatywnych interakcji pomiędzy kilkoma ośrodkami w mózgu. Regulacja przełączania pomiędzy stanami i fazami snu została przyrównana do działania przełącznika bistabilnego (flip-flop switch). Taki mechanizm działania zapewnia szybkie i definitywne zachodzenie opisywanych procesów bez występowania stanów pośrednich. Zaburzenie procesu przełączania może prowadzić do fragmentacji snu lub wystąpienia narkolepsji.
Uji Efektivitas Beberapa Pelarut Pada Proses Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder Kulit Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca) Secara Kualitatif
Authors: Yulis Putri Ade Rahma , Sari Yelfira , Desti Desti 
Published: November 2020

Kulit pisang mengandung komponen aktif yang dapat dijadikan bahan baku pengembangan produk berpotensi antioksidan, selain itu dapat mengatasi pencemaran limbah kulit pisang. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji efektivitas beberapa jenis pelarut polar dan non polar dalam mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder pada simplisia kulit pisang .Dengan tujuan menjadi landasan bagi penelitian lainnya dalam proses ekstraksi kulit pisang, sehingga akan didapatkan kandungan senyawa aktif dalam jumlah maksimal jika pelarut yang digunakan dapat menarik komponen aktif dengan optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat jenis pelarut yakni etanol, metanol, etanol dicampur aseton, dan n-heksan. Kemudian keefektifan nya dilihat dari kemampuannya dalam mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder pada simplisia kulit pisang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ketiga jenis pelarut yakni, metanol, etanol dan campuran etanol dan aseton dapat mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder kulit pisang , namun pelarut n-heksan tidak dapat mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder kulit pisang. Kemudian dari ketiga pelarut tersebut yang mempunyai efektivitas paling besar adalah metanol. Metanol dapat mengidentifikasi empat jenis metabolit sekunder yakni flavonoid, fenolik, tanin dan saponin dengan lebih cepat dan menunjukan perubahan warna yang lebih signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil ini dapat dikatakan bahwa simplisia kulit pisang berpotensi antioksidan karena positif mengandung beberapa metabolit sekunder dan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak yang maksimal dapat digunakan metanol sebagai pelarut untuk proses ekstraksi
Enterobius vermicularis: finding during a screening colonoscopy.
Authors: Roa Colomo A , Martín-Lagos Maldonado A , García Robles A 
Published: November 2020

Resumen

Varón de 65 años en el que durante la realización de una colonoscopia de cribado se encuentra a 40 cm de margen anal una larva de Enterobius vermicularis. El paciente se encontraba completamente asintomático y tanto él como su esposa realizaron tratamiento con albendazol. Enterobius vermicularis es un nematodo parásito del hombre conocido como oxiuro que causa la enfermedad intestinal conocida como enterobiasis. Debido a que la enterobiasis puede cursar como infección recurrente y existe una alta tasa de transmisión familiar, es preciso tratar a todos los pacientes y a sus convivientes de forma simultánea, tanto sintomáticos como asintomáticos. Es fundamental incidir en las medidas higiénicas para reducir la reinfección y propagación de la infección.
COMPARATIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON MEDIA RELATED TWEETS OF PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP AND SENATOR BERNIE SANDERS
Authors: Şakiroğlu Hülya Ünsal 
Published: November 2020

<p>This study aims to investigate the language and the attitude of two well-known U.S. politicians, U.S. President Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders, towards media in their social media messages on Twitter microblogging site. The comparison and analyses are performed using Fairclough’s analytical framework of the socio-cultural approach of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA): text, discourse practice, and sociocultural practice. The data consists of 50 non repetitive recent media related tweets collected from personal accounts of Trump and Sanders. The findings indicate that Trump uses an informal, direct, and provoking communication style to construct and reinforce the concept of a homogeneous people and a homeland threatened by the dangerous and biased other (media) while Sanders having more democratic, liberal language, and focuses on more tangible, important social issues such as environment, education, and health problems as he himself prominences often. Moreover, Trump employs positive self-presentation and negative other presentation to further promote his agenda via social media. Bernie Sanders on the other hand criticize media for a set of different reasons. Although they both criticize the media extensively in their usage of Twitter, discourse analyses indicate that the underlying political motivations are fundamentally different.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0676/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Infection in Several Varieties and Ages of Tomato Plants (Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill.)
Authors: DAMIRI Nurhayati , NURKHOLIS Amat , PUJIASTUTI Yulia , RAHIM Supli Effendi 
Published: November 2020

Disease caused by Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is an important disease in tomato plants, and is transmitted through both natural and artificial wounds. TMV attacking tomato plants can cause qualitatively and quantitatively lower production. The decline in production by TMV attack can reach 60 %. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia, from January to June 2016. The purpose of this study was to assess TMV attack on different varieties and ages of tomato plants. This study was conducted using a factorial in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (FRCBD), with the first factor, namely plant varieties, and the second factor, age stage of plants, repeated 3 times. The results showed that the most susceptible tomato was “Permata”, with the fastest incubation period and moderate disease severity. Age 8 weeks, when inoculation took place, was the most vulnerable time, with the highest disease severity. A combination of the tomato variety of Permata and an age stage of 8 weeks at the time of inoculation had the highest disease incidence.
Herbicide weed control increases nutrient leaching compared to mechanical weeding in a large-scale oil palm plantation
Authors: Formaglio Greta , Veldkamp Edzo , Duan Xiaohong , Tjoa Aiyen , Corre Marife D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Nutrient leaching in intensively managed oil palm plantations can diminish
soil fertility and water quality. There is a need to reduce this
environmental footprint without sacrificing yield. In a large-scale oil palm
plantation in Acrisol soil, we quantified nutrient leaching using a full
factorial experiment with two fertilization rates (260 kg N, 50 kg P, and 220 kg K ha−1 yr−1 as conventional practice and 136 kg N, 17 kg P, and 187 kg K ha−1 yr−1, equal to harvest export, as reduced management) and two
weeding methods (conventional herbicide application and mechanical weeding
as reduced management) replicated in four blocks. Over the course of 1 year, we collected monthly soil pore water at 1.5 m depth in three distinct
management zones: palm circle, inter-row, and frond-stacked area. Nutrient
leaching in the palm circle was low due to low solute concentrations and
small drainage fluxes, probably resulting from large plant uptake. In
contrast, nitrate and aluminum leaching losses were high in the inter-row
due to the high concentrations and large drainage fluxes, possibly resulting
from low plant uptake and low pH. In the frond-stacked area, base cation
leaching was high, presumably from frond litter decomposition, but N
leaching was low. Mechanical weeding reduced leaching losses of base cations compared to the conventional herbicide weeding probably because
herbicides decreased ground vegetation and thus reduced soil nutrient
retention. Reduced fertilization rates diminished the nitrate leaching losses. Leaching of total nitrogen in the mechanical weeding with reduced
fertilization treatment (32±6 kg N ha−1 yr−1) was less
than half of the conventional management (74±20 kg N ha−1 yr−1), whereas yields were not affected by these treatments. Our
findings suggest that mechanical weeding and reduced fertilization should be
included in the program by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture for
precision farming (e.g., variable rates with plantation age), particularly
for large-scale oil palm plantations. We further suggest including
mechanical weeding and reduced fertilization in science-based policy
recommendations, such as those endorsed by the Roundtable for Sustainable
Palm Oil association.