bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment implications of renal disease in patients with atrial fibrillation: The BALKAN‐AF survey
Authors: Kozieł Monika , Simovic Stefan , Pavlovic Nikola , Nedeljkovic Milan , Kocijancic Aleksandar , Paparisto Vilma , Music Ljilja , Trendafilova Elina , Dan Anca Rodica , Manola Sime , Kusljugic Zumreta , Dan Gheorghe‐Andrei , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Potpara Tatjana S. ,   the BALKAN‐AF Investigators
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) often co‐exists with renal function (RF) impairment. We investigated the characteristics and management of AF patients across creatinine clearance strata and potential changes in the use of nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOAC) according to different equations for estimation of RF.MethodsIn this post hoc analysis of the BALKAN‐AF survey, patients were classified according to RF (Cockcroft‐Gault formula) as: preserved/mildly depressed RF (P‐RF) ≥50 mL/min, moderately depressed RF (MD‐RF) 30‐49 mL/min, and severely depressed RF (SD‐RF) <30 mL/min.ResultsOf 2712 enrolled patients, 2062 (76.0%) had data on RF. Patients with SD‐RF and MD‐RF were older, had higher mean value of European Heart Rhythm Association score, stroke and bleeding risk scores, and more comorbidities than patients with P‐RF (all P < .05). They received oral anticoagulants (OAC), AF catheter ablation, and electrical cardioversion less often than those with P‐RF (all P < .05). Rate control, no OAC, single‐antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) alone, and loop diuretics were more prevalent in patients with SD‐RF and MD‐RF than in subjects with P‐RF (all P < .005). An important change in NOAC therapy could appear in <1% of patients (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) and in <1% of patients (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration group formula).ConclusionsPatients with SD‐RF and MD‐RF were older, more symptomatic, had higher stroke and bleeding risk and more comorbidities than those with P‐RF. They were less likely to receive OAC and more likely to use rate control strategy, SAPT alone, and no OAC than subjects with P‐RF.
Copula based analysis of meteorological drought and catchment resilience across Indian river basins
Authors: Jha Vibhuti Bhushan , Gujrati Ashwin , Singh R P 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDrought analysis is an important part of risk management plan. Drought is usually characterized by variables such as severity and duration. Using standardized precipitation index (SPI) at an aggregated scale of 12 months, we construct different copula models for different river basins of India. Based on goodness of fit tests, suitable distributions are selected for duration and severity. These marginal distributions are then used to construct copula models from amongst‐Frank, Gumbel, Clayton and Student's t copula. It is found that for some river basins Frank copula can capture the dependence structure between duration and severity whereas for others Gumbel copula is effective. Exceedance probability, conditional probability and joint return period of different drought events are calculated which allude to differing drought resilience and persistence conditions in river basins. The river basins in the western India have a longer joint return period and smaller exceedance probability compared to the river basins in south India. We explore the conjunctive use for joint return period and exceedance probability to qualitatively assess the resilience of river basins to meteorological drought. The results suggest that the drought events in the south Indian river basins are less severe and more frequent whereas the ones in Central and Western India are severe and longer. The results of this study can provide useful information for drought mitigation strategies at a national scale.
Abnormal epiphyseal development in a feline model of Sandhoff disease
Authors: McNulty Margaret A. , Prevatt Patricia B. , Nussbaum Elizabeth R. , Randle Ashley N. , Johnson Aime K. , Hudson Judith A. , Gray‐Edwards Heather L. , Sena‐Esteves Miguel , Martin Douglas R. , Carlson Cathy S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSandhoff disease (SD) is caused by decreased function of the enzyme β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase, resulting in accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in tissues. Neural tissue is primarily affected and individuals with the infantile form of the disease generally do not survive beyond 4 years of age. Current treatments address neurometabolic deficits to improve lifespan, however, this extended lifespan allows clinical disease to become manifest in other tissues, including the musculoskeletal system. The impact of SD on bone and joint tissues has yet to be fully determined. In a feline model of infantile SD, animals were treated by intracranial injection of adeno‐associated virus vectors to supply the central nervous system with corrective levels of hexosaminidase, resulting in a twofold to threefold increase in lifespan. As treated animals aged, signs of musculoskeletal disease were identified. The present study characterized bone and joint lesions from affected cats using micro‐computed tomography and histology. All affected cats had similar lesions, whether or not they were treated. SD cats displayed a significant reduction in metaphyseal trabecular bone and markedly abnormal size and shape of epiphyses. Abnormalities increased in severity with age and appear to be due to alteration in the function of chondrocytes within epiphyseal cartilage, particularly the articular‐epiphyseal complex. Older cats developed secondary osteoarthritic changes. The changes identified are similar to those seen in humans with mucopolysaccharidoses. Statement of clinical significance: the lesions identified will have significant implications on the quality of life of individuals whose lifespans are extended due to treatments for the primary neurological effects of SD.
Interobserver and Intraobserver Reliability of Hepatic Shear Wave Elastography and the Influence of Fasted Versus Nonfasted States in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Lim Zerlene , Whitaker Toni , DeColle Kandis , Barrett Katie , Harlton Cayla , Paskar Lee , Low Gavin 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of fasting versus ingestion of food and water on hepatic measurements by shear wave elastography (SWE) in healthy participants. The secondary objective was to assess inter‐ and intra‐reader reliability of hepatic elastography in healthy participants.MethodsTwenty healthy participants were enrolled in this prospective study and underwent quantitative SWE under fasting conditions and after the ingestion of water and food and water. Two blinded sonographers each independently performed a total of 6 sessions of hepatic SWE in each participant. Sessions 1 to 3 were performed on day 0 and sessions 4 to 6 on day 7. Statistical tests used included the Wilcoxon signed ranks test, the intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland–Altman plots.ResultsThere were no significant differences in hepatic SWE measurements after the ingestion of water versus the fasting state. Statistical significance was assessed as P < 0.05. The postprandial status had a statistically significant effect on hepatic SWE measurements at 1 hour (P = .04) but not at 3 hours (P = .08). By the intraclass correlation coefficient, there was poor‐to‐moderate inter‐reader agreement and minimal‐to‐moderate intra‐reader agreement. The median inter‐reader difference in SWE measurements ranged from 0.66 to 0.96 kPa. The median intra‐reader difference ranged from 0.43 to 0.55 kPa.ConclusionsOur study shows that the ingestion of water has no effect on hepatic SWE measurements in healthy participants. The postprandial state had a significant effect on SWE measurements at 1 hour after ingestion but not at 3 hours. The inter‐reader and intra‐reader agreements were variable and moderate at best.
Hypertrophic Scar Improvement by Early Intervention With Ablative Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment
Authors: Tan Jianglin , Zhou Junyi , Huang Ling , Fu Qingqing , Ao Ming , Yuan Lili , Luo Gaoxing 
Published: July 2020

Background and ObjectivesAblative fractional laser treatment has been used to improve the color and texture of hypertrophic scars with safe and effective results. However, no consensus on the optimal time to initiate fractional laser treatment is available. The effect on early‐stage scars remains controversial. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of ablative fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatments for hypertrophic burn scars and to analyze the efficacy and safety in the early period within 3 months after injury.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 221 hypertrophic scar patients. According to the time of the first laser treatment after injury, patients were divided into five subgroups, including less than 1 month, 1–3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, and more than 12 months postinjury. One month after the last laser treatment, the scars were assessed by photography, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), durometry, and spectrocolorimetry.ResultsThe patients included 118 males and 103 females. The average age was 33.6 years. Fire/flame was the primary injury source. Thirty‐six percent of the patients underwent at least one fractional CO2 laser treatment. All the included patients, including those treated within 1 month after injury, had significantly decreased VSS scores after laser treatment. We also noted that hardness and redness scores were decreased after treatment for both scars treated within 3 months and those treated more than 12 months after injury. Seepage (17.6%), bleeding (22.2%), and swelling (9.0%) were the main adverse events after laser treatment.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment applied to early‐stage burn scars. The optimal time for laser application for burn patients can be within 1 month after injury. Durometry and spectrocolorimetry were effective for assessing scars as objective modalities. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
One‐Pot Route for Fe@Poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) Foam with Robust Physical/Chemical Stability and Remote Magnetic Driven Capacity for Oil Removal
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wu Yuanpeng , Zhang Haiyan , Guo Fengyu , Li Zhenyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMagnetic and superhydrophobic materials with robust physical/chemical stability for controllable and remote magnetic driven capacity for oil removal under harsh environments are meaningful for oil–water separation but still a challenge. Herein, an alternative strategy to address this challenge is demonstrated by decorating poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) (PSDVB) on Fe foam via one‐pot solvothermal method. Different from previous magnetic and superhydrophobic materials, Fe foam is chosen to replace Fe3O4 nanomaterials. Thus, complicated preparation procedures and the high cost for Fe3O4 nanomaterials can be avoided. Additionally, PSDVB coating provides the whole foam with robust physical/chemical stabilities: i) the surface wettability can be maintained after 50 abrasion cycles or exposed in humid air (relative humidity: 90%) for 14 days, and ii) the surface wettability does not change under different pH solutions (3 < pH < 12) or highly salty solution (NaCl 10 wt%) for 6 h. Besides, outstanding separation efficiency (>99.9%), high durability (>70 times), and excellent oil flux (16 963–75 156 L m−2 h−1) can be realized under gravity. Most importantly, the foam continuously removes oil from confine place (on water surface or under water) under magnetic driven force.
Cataplexy in Patients Harboring the KCNMA1 p.N999S Mutation
Authors: Heim Jennifer , Vemuri Anusha , Lewis Sara , Guida Brandon , Troester Matthew , Keros Sotirios , Meredith Andrea , Kruer Michael C. 
Published: July 2020

View Supplementary Video 1View Supplementary Video 2View Supplementary Video 3
Responses of abrupt temperature changes/warming hiatuses to changes in their influencing factors: A case study of northern China
Authors: Liang Longteng , Ma Long , Feng Qi , Liu Tingxi , Sun Bolin , Zhou Ying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDetermining the response of abrupt temperature changes/warming hiatuses to changes in their influencing factors can provide a reference for investigating their mechanism. The present study, using the Mann–Kendall test, based on data (including average minimum temperature (Tmin), average temperature (Tave) and average maximum temperature (Tmax)) recorded at 357 meteorological stations in northern China and its surrounding regions as well as large‐spatial‐scale data (e.g. Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), global radiative forcing of CO2 (RFCO2) and radiative forcing of annual greenhouse gases (RFAGG)) for the period 1951–2016, the characteristics of abrupt temperature changes/warming hiatuses and their response to their influencing factors were qualitatively and quantitatively determined. The following results were obtained. Overall, from the late 1970s to the 1990s, as the RFAGG continuously increased, the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) remained in a positive phase, the AMO and total solar radiation (SR) continuously increased, the multivariate El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) index (MEI) changed abruptly, the wind speed (WS), atmospheric pressure (AP) and relative humidity (RH) in each zone continuously decreased/increased, their trends changing subsequently, and abrupt changes in the three temperature metrics (i.e. the Tmin, Tave and Tmax) occurred in each zone during the period 1977–2004. Similarly, in the 1990s, particularly after 1998, as the increase in the AMO slowed, the PDO was in either a positive phase but exhibited a decreasing trend or a negative phase, the MEI and SR decreased, the WS, AP and RH decreased/increased, with subsequent changes in trends, and warming hiatuses occurred. The sensitivities of the responses of the Tmin to changes in the three types of influencing factors were the highest, followed by those of the Tave and Tmax. The effects of various influencing factors on the three kinds of temperature change and warming hiatus have strong spatial and temporal differences. As a result, there was a strong spatial difference in the year of the abrupt temperature change and the warming hiatus.
Monte Carlo dosimetric characterization of a new high dose rate Yb brachytherapy source and independent verification using a multipoint plastic scintillator detector
Authors: Famulari Gabriel , Linares Rosales Haydee M. , Dupere Justine , Medich David C. , Beaulieu Luc , Enger Shirin A. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeA prototype

Yb source was developed in combination with a dynamic rotating platinum shield system (AIM‐Brachy) to deliver intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric characteristics of the bare/shielded

Yb source using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and perform an independent dose verification using a dosimetry platform based on a multipoint plastic scintillator detector (mPSD).MethodsThe TG‐43U1 dosimetric parameters were calculated for the source model using RapidBrachyMCTPS. Real‐time dose rate measurements were performed in a water tank for both the bare/shielded source using a custom remote afterloader. For each dwell position, the dose rate was independently measured by the three scintillators (BCF‐10, BCF‐12, and BCF‐60). For the bare source, dose rate was measured at distances up to 3 cm away from the source over a range of 7 cm along the catheter. For the shielded source, measurements were performed with the mPSD placed at 1 cm from the source at four different azimuthal angles (

, 9

, 18

, and 27

).ResultsThe dosimetric parameters were tabulated for the source model. For the bare source, differences between measured and calculated along‐away dose rates were generally below 5–10%. Along the transverse axis, deviations were, on average (range), 3.3% (0.6–6.2%) for BCF‐10, 1.7% (0.9–2.9%) for BCF‐12, and 2.2% (0.3–4.4%) for BCF‐60. The maximum dose rate reduction due to shielding at a radial distance of 1 cm was 88.8 ± 1.2%, compared to 83.5 ± 0.5% as calculated by MC.ConclusionsThe dose distribution for the bare/shielded

Yb source was independently verified using mPSD with good agreement in regions close to the source. The

Yb source coupled with the partial‐shielding system is an effective technique to deliver IMBT.
Unveiling the high reactivity of strained dibenzocyclooctyne in [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions with diazoalkanes through the molecular electron density theory
Authors: Domingo Luis R. , Acharjee Nivedita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe strain‐promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition (SP‐32CA) reactions of two diazoalkanes with strained dibenzocyclooctyne (DIBO) have been studied within the molecular electron density theory. Analysis of the electron localisation function of diazoalkanes allows characterising theirpseudoradicalstructures. Thesepmr‐type32CA reactions, which follow aone‐stepmechanism with high asynchronicity and some polar character, have lower activation enthalpies, 11.4 and 15.4 kcal mol−1, than those with acetylene, 19.7 and 23.1 kcal mol−1, in agreement with the experimental outcomes. Analysis of the changes in electron density along the SP‐32CA reaction of phenyldiazomethane with DIBO indicates that the strain favours the depopulation of the C–C triple bond of DIBO, reducing the activation energy.
Probing Proximity‐Tailored High Spin–Orbit Coupling in 2D Materials
Authors: Sahoo Krishna Rani , Chakravarthy T. Pradeep , Sharma Rahul , Bawari Sumit , Mundlia Suman , Sasmal Satyaki , Raman Karthik V. , Narayanan Tharangattu N. , Viswanathan Nirmal K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProximity‐induced tuning of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) is of paramount importance in emerging magnetic materials and in spintronics. Probing the above SOC via light–matter interaction assisted methods provides a novel route to investigate interesting material phenomena. Here, the proximity studies in a heterostructure of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MS) and iron (Fe) to enhance and tune the interfacial SOC are reported. The augmented SOC of the MSFe heterostructure arises due to interfacial charge transfer, and is probed using magneto‐optic Kerr effect and a novel optical technique utilizing the spin Hall effect of light. Measuring the changes in the state of polarization of light reflected from the sample via weak measurement provides direct access to the real and imaginary parts of the complex weak value and, hence, the underlying SOC and induced magnetic effects from a single experiment. The results obtained are confirmed using other experimental and simulation tools.
A brief analysis of gesture recognition in VR
Authors: Jiang Lin , Yu Xiaoyang , Wang Lijun 
Published: July 2020

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, human‐computer interaction, as the core of virtual reality system, has become an increasingly important part of modern science and technology products. At present, human‐computer interaction is mainly based on contact, which must be completed through direct contact between hand and receiving equipment, rather than through indirect contact between hand and equipment. Direct interaction can not give full play to the advantages of flexible human hand, so gesture recognition becomes extremely important in interaction.The development of gesture recognition technology based on vision is a process from 2D to 3D. Early gesture recognition is based on the recognition technology of two‐dimensional color image, which means to get two‐dimensional static image after taking the scene with ordinary camera, and then recognize the content of the image through the computer graphic algorithm. With the development of camera and sensor technology, the depth information of gesture can be captured, and 3D gesture recognition technology can recognize various hand shapes, gestures and actions.Virtual reality is a kind of simulated virtual environment generated by computer according to reality and imagination space, which makes users have immersive feeling in the real world. Through various interactive behaviors, it stimulates users’ perception systems such as vision, touch and hearing, so as to establish a comprehensive sensory experience. Nowadays, virtual reality interaction is more based on the handle of virtual reality device or operating gloves, but using these devices is too complex, so gesture interaction based on bare hands will have a broader prospect.The virtual reality interaction technology based on gesture recognition is to recognize human hand movements with cameras and other devices and interact with the virtual scene. Users can control the virtual scene and interact through simple gestures. Gesture recognition is now applied in many industries, but the interaction of gesture in virtual reality is not so popular. This paper will analyze the development status of gesture recognition in virtual reality technology, and prospect the development trend of virtual reality technology based on gesture recognition.
A bivariate logistic regression model based on latent variables
Authors: Kristensen Simon Bang , Bibby Bo Martin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBivariate observations of binary and ordinal data arise frequently and require a bivariate modeling approach in cases where one is interested in aspects of the marginal distributions as separate outcomes along with the association between the two. We consider methods for constructing such bivariate models based on latent variables with logistic marginals and propose a model based on the Ali‐Mikhail‐Haq bivariate logistic distribution. We motivate the model as an extension of that based on the Gumbel type 2 distribution as considered by other authors and as a bivariate extension of the logistic distribution, which preserves certain natural characteristics. Basic properties of the obtained model are studied and the proposed methods are illustrated through analysis of two data sets: a basic science cognitive experiment of visual recognition and awareness and a clinical data set describing assessments of walking disability among multiple sclerosis patients.
Conversion Reaction Mechanism of Ultrafine Bimetallic Co‐Fe Selenides Embedded in Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres and Their Excellent K‐Ion Storage Performance
Authors: Yang Su Hyun , Park Seung‐Keun , Park Gi Dae , Lee Jong‐Heun , Kang Yun Chan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries owing to the abundance and affordability of potassium. However, the development of suitable electrode materials that can stably store large‐sized K ions remains a challenge. This study proposes a facile impregnation method for synthesizing ultrafine cobalt–iron bimetallic selenides embedded in hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (HMCSs) as superior anodes for KIBs. This involves loading metal precursors into HMCS templates using a repeated “drop and drying” process followed by selenization at various temperatures, facilitating not only the preparation of bimetallic selenide/carbon composites but also controlling their structures. HMCSs serve as structural skeletons, conductive templates, and vehicles to restrain the overgrowth of bimetallic selenide particles during thermal treatment. Various analysis strategies are employed to investigate the charge–discharge mechanism of the new bimetallic selenide anodes. This unique‐structured composite exhibits a high discharge capacity (485 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 200 cycles) and enhanced rate capability (272 mA h g−1 at 2.0 A g−1) as a promising anode material for KIBs. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of various nanostructures, from hollow to frog egg‐like structures, obtained by adjusting the selenization temperature, are compared.