bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of IL-10-producing neutrophils in cattle infected with Ostertagia ostertagi
Authors: Li Lei , Si Hongbin , Wu Shu-Wei , Mendez Jonatan Orangel , Zarlenga Dante , Tuo Wenbin , Xiao Zhengguo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIL-10 is a master regulator of immune responses, but its cellular source and function in cattle during the initial phase of immune priming have not been well established. Despite a massive B cell response in the abomasal draining lymph nodes inOstertagia ostertagi(OO)-infected cattle, protective immunity is slow to develop, and partial protection requires years of repeated exposure. In addressing this problem, our initial hypothesis was that B cells produce IL-10 that downregulates the host protective immune response. However, our results showed that neutrophils made up the majority of IL-10-producing cells in circulation and in secondary lymphoid tissues, particularly the spleen (80%). Conversely, IL-10-producing B cells were rare. In addition, approximately 10% to 20% of the neutrophils in the blood and spleen expressed MHC II and were IL-10 negative, suggesting that neutrophils could also participate in antigen presentation.In vitroinvestigation of bovine neutrophils revealed that exposure thereof to OO extract increased IL-10 and MHC II expression in these cells in a dose-dependent manner, consistent with IL-10+/MHC II+ neutrophils detected in cattle shortly after experimental OO infection. Co-culture of untreated neutrophils with anti-CD3 antibody (Ab)-stimulated CD4+ T cells led to enhanced T cell activation; also, IL-10 depletion with neutralizing Ab enhanced the stimulatory function of neutrophils. OO extract depressed neutrophil stimulation of CD4+ T cells in the presence of IL-10-neutralizing Ab, suggesting that OO utilizes both IL-10-dependent and independent mechanisms to manipulate the bovine immune response. Finally, contact and viability were required for T cell-stimulatory neutrophil function. This report, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to demonstrate that neutrophil-derived IL-10 is directly involved in T cell regulation in cattle. Our data suggest that neutrophils and neutrophil-derived IL-10 are co-opted by nematode parasites and other pathogens to attenuate host immune responses and facilitate pathogen survival.
Ceftriaxone modulates the acute corticosterone effects in local field potentials in the primary somatosensory cortex of anesthetized mice
Authors: Pais-Vieira Miguel , Kunicki Carolina , Peres André , Sousa Nuno 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStress responses are associated with elevations in corticosterone levels and, as a consequence, increases in glutamate in the central nervous system which can lead to neurological impairment. Ceftriaxone promotes glutamate transport and has been used to reduce glutamate toxicity, but so far it is not known whether ceftriaxone is able to reverse the effects of corticosterone administration. Here we describe the separate and combined effects of acute ceftriaxone and acute corticosterone administration in local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from the somatosensory cortex (S1) of anesthetized mice. For this, LFPs were recorded from groups of anesthetized mice injected with saline, corticosterone, ceftriaxone, or both. Comparison of global state maps, and their displacements, as measured by ratios of different frequency bands (Ratio 1: 0.5–20 Hz/0.5–45 Hz; and Ratio 2: 0.5–4.5 Hz/0.5–9 Hz) revealed distinct and opposite effects for corticosterone and for ceftriaxone. Corticosterone specifically increased the displacement in Ratio 2, while ceftriaxone decreased it; in addition, when both corticosterone and ceftriaxone were injected, Ratio 2 displacement values were again similar to those of the control group. The present results suggest that ceftriaxone and corticosterone modulate specific frequency bands in opposite directions and reveal a potential role for ceftriaxone in counteracting the effects of corticosterone.
Integrative Analysis of Axolotl Gene Expression Data from Regenerative and Wound Healing Limb Tissues
Authors: Sibai Mustafa , Parlayan Cüneyd , Tuğlu Pelin , Öztürk Gürkan , Demircan Turan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAxolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is a urodele amphibian endowed with remarkable regenerative capacities manifested in scarless wound healing and restoration of amputated limbs, which makes it a powerful experimental model for regenerative biology and medicine. Previous studies have utilized microarrays and RNA-Seq technologies for detecting differentially expressed (DE) genes in different phases of the axolotl limb regeneration. However, sufficient consistency may be lacking due to statistical limitations arising from intra-laboratory analyses. This study aims to bridge such gaps by performing an integrative analysis of publicly available microarray and RNA-Seq data from axolotl limb samples having comparable study designs using the “merging” method. A total of 351 genes were found DE in regenerative samples compared to the control in data of both technologies, showing an adjusted p-value < 0.01 and log fold change magnitudes >1. Downstream analyses illustrated consistent correlations of the directionality of DE genes within and between data of both technologies, as well as concordance with the literature on regeneration related biological processes. qRT-PCR analysis validated the observed expression level differences of five of the top DE genes. Future studies may benefit from the utilized concept and approach for enhanced statistical power and robust discovery of biomarkers of regeneration.
Reversal of increased mammary tumorigenesis by valproic acid and hydralazine in offspring of dams fed high fat diet during pregnancy
Authors: Andrade F. de Oliveira , Nguyen N. M. , Warri A. , Hilakivi-Clarke L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMaternal or paternal high fat (HF) diet can modify the epigenome in germ cells and fetal somatic cells leading to an increased susceptibility among female offspring of multiple generations to develop breast cancer. We determined if combined treatment with broad spectrum DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor hydralazine and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) will reverse this increased risk. C57BL/6 mouse dams were fed either a corn oil-based HF or control diet during pregnancy. Starting at age 7 weeks, female offspring were administered 3 doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) to initiate mammary cancer. After last dose, offspring started receiving VPA/hydralazine administered via drinking water: no adverse health effects were detected. VPA/hydralazine reduced mammary tumor multiplicity and lengthened tumor latency in HF offspring when compared with non-treated HF offspring. The drug combination inhibited DNMT3a protein levels and increased expression of the tumor suppressor gene Cdkn2a/p16 in mammary tumors of HF offspring. In control mice not exposed to HF diet in utero, VPA/hydralazine increased mammary tumor incidence and burden, and elevated expression of the unfolded protein response and autophagy genes, including HIF-1α, NFkB, PERK, and SQSTM1/p62. Expression of these genes was already upregulated in HF offspring prior to VPA/hydralazine treatment. These findings suggest that breast cancer prevention strategies with HDAC/DNMT inhibitors need to be individually tailored.
Rivaroxaban after Thrombolysis in Acute Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis: A Randomized, Open-labeled, Multicenter Trial
Authors: Kang Jin Mo , Park Ki-Hyuk , Ahn Sanghyun , Cho Sungsin , Han Ahram , Lee Taeseung , Jung In Mok , Kim Jang Yong , Min Seung-Kee 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecently non-Vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) is replacing warfarin for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, the role of NOAC after thrombolysis of acute iliofeomral DVT (IFDVT) is not yet defined. This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban versus warfarin after catheter directed thrombolysis of an IFDVT. Patients with acute DVT of both the iliac and the femoral vein (n = 72) were recruited and randomized to either standard anticoagulation (enoxaparin and warfarin, n = 35) or rivaroxaban (n = 37) after successful thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy. Primary efficacy outcome was a recurrence of any venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 6 months. Secondary safety outcomes included major bleeding, clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), other adverse event, and all-cause mortality. Rate of recurrent VTE were similar in both groups (11.4% versus 12.5%; p = 0.94). Major bleeding or CRNMB was less in rivaroxaban group without significance (2.9% versus 9.4%, HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.03–2.96; p = 0.31). Recurrence-free survival and major bleeding-free survival at 6 months were not different in both groups. After thrombolysis of acute IFDVT, rivaroxaban was as safe and effective as warfarin in preventing DVT recurrence.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Risk of Mortality in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism—The Tromsø Study
Authors: Børvik Trond , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Evensen Line H. , Brodin Ellen E. , Morelli Vania M. , Melbye Hasse , Hansen John-Bjarne 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown increased mortality in venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it is unknown to what extent the association is influenced by the severity of COPD and physical inactivity.
Objectives This article investigates whether COPD, and stages of COPD, influenced the risk of mortality after a first episode of VTE when physical inactivity was taken into account.
Methods Patients with a first lifetime VTE (n = 256) were recruited among individuals who participated and performed spirometry in the fifth (2001–2002) and sixth (2007–2008) surveys of the Tromsø Study (n = 9577). All-cause mortality was registered up to December 31, 2015.
Results There were 123 deaths during a median of 2.9 years of follow-up. The overall mortality rate was 11.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.0–14.2) per 100 person-years. The risk of death was twofold higher in COPD patients compared with those with normal airflow (hazard ratio [HR] 2.00, 95% CI 1.30–3.08) after multivariable adjustment. The risk of death increased with the severity of COPD. VTE patients with COPD stage III/IV had a fivefold increased risk of death (HR 5.20, 95% CI 2.65–10.2) compared with those without COPD, and 50% of these patients died within 3.5 months after the incident VTE event. Adjustment for physical inactivity had minor effect on the risk estimates.
Conclusion VTE patients with COPD had increased risk of death, particularly patients with severe COPD. The detrimental effect of COPD on mortality in VTE patients was apparently explained by factors other than physical inactivity among patients with COPD.
A Multifaceted Surgical Site Infection Prevention Bundle for Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Scholz Robert , Smith Becky A. , Adams Marci G. , Shah Mona , Brudner Corrinna , Datta Avisek , Hirsch Emmet 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective Surgical site infections (SSI, including wound infections, endometritis, pelvic abscess, and sepsis) may complicate cesarean section (C/S). We report outcomes before and after the introduction of an SSI prevention bundle that did not include antibiotics beyond routine prophylaxis (cefazolin, or gentamicin/clindamycin for penicillin-allergic patients).
Study Design The prevention bundle was introduced following an increase in C/S-associated SSI, which itself was associated with an institutional switch in preoperative scrub from povidone-iodine to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)/isopropanol. Components of the bundle included: (1) full-body preoperative wash with 4% CHG cloths; (2) retraining on surgeon hand scrub; (3) retraining for surgical prep; and (4) patient education regarding wound care. Patients delivered by C/S at ≥24 weeks of gestation were segregated into four epochs over 7 years: (1) baseline (18 months when povidone-iodine was used); (2) CHG scrub (18 months after skin prep was switched to CHG); (3) bundle implementation (24 months); and (4) maintenance (24 months following implementation).
Results A total of 3,637 patients were included (n = 667, 796, 1098, and 1076, respectively, in epochs 1–4). A rise in SSI occurred with the institutional switch from povidone-iodine to CHG (i.e., from baseline to the CHG scrub epoch, 8.4–13.3%, p < 0.01). Following the intervention (maintenance epoch), this rate decreased to below baseline values (to 4.5%, p < 0.01), attributable to a decline in wound infection (rates in the above three epochs 6.9, 12.9, and 3.5%, respectively, p < 0.01), with no change in endometritis. In multivariable analysis, only epoch and body mass index (BMI) were independently associated with SSI. The improvement associated with the prevention bundle held for stratified analysis of specific risk factors such as chorioamnionitis, prior C/S, obesity, labor induction, and diabetes.
Conclusion Implementation of a prevention bundle was associated with a reduction in post-C/S SSI. This improvement was achieved without the use of antibiotics beyond standard preoperative dosing.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Compared to Other Anatomical Sites in a Real-World Setting: Importance of Surgical Therapy for Facial Tumors
Authors: Heppt Markus V. , Kirchberger Michael C. , Schuler Gerold , Berking Carola , Heinzerling Lucie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin tumor with a high propensity for nodal involvement, local recurrence, and distant metastases. Up to 50% of MCC arises on head and neck (HN), which may impede oncological treatment due to insufficiently wide excisions and a lower rate of sentinel lymph node detection due to more complicated lymph drainage. Several studies have compared the clinical outcome of HN-MCC with those of non-head and neck (NHN) MCC yielding inconsistent results. This single-center, retrospective analysis compared the clinical outcome of 26 HN-MCC patients with 30 NHN-MCC patients. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated with the Kaplan–Meier method assuming proportional hazards. The mean resection margins were 1.6 and 2.0 cm for the HN and NHN cohort, respectively. Local relapses were more frequently observed in patients with HN-MCC (19 vs. 10%). Patients with HN-MCC had a median OS of 4.3 years compared with 7.5 years in patients with NHN-MCC (p = 0.277). The median OS by tumor stage was 11, 3, 2, and 3 years in stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively (p = 0.009). The median DFS in HN-MCC was 10 years and not reached in the cohort with NHN-MCC patients (p = 0.939). Our data suggest a trend toward poorer outcomes of HN-MCC compared with NHN-MCC. Patients with MCC on the head and neck carry a higher risk for local relapse, requiring resolute surgical treatment also in facial localizations at early stages.
Subchorionic Hematomas and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Naqvi Mariam , Naert Mackenzie N. , Khadraoui Hanaa , Rodriguez Alberto M. , Namath Amalia G. , Ali Munira , Fox Nathan S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective This study estimates the association of a first trimester finding of subchorionic hematoma (SCH) with third trimester adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with twin pregnancies.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of twin pregnancies prior to 14 weeks at a single institution from 2005 to 2019, all of whom had a first trimester ultrasound. We excluded monoamniotic twins, fetal anomalies, history of fetal reduction or spontaneous reduction, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Ultrasound data were reviewed, and we compared pregnancy outcomes after 24 weeks in women with and without a SCH at their initial ultrasound 60/7 to 136/7 weeks. Regression analysis was used to control for any differences in baseline characteristics.
Results A total of 760 women with twin pregnancies met inclusion criteria for the study, 68 (8.9%) of whom had a SCH. Women with SCH were more likely to have vaginal bleeding and had their initial ultrasound at earlier gestational ages. On univariate analysis, SCH was not significantly associated with gestational age at delivery, preterm birth, birthweight of either twin, low birthweight percentiles of either twin, fetal demise, or preeclampsia. SCH was associated with placental abruption on univariate analysis, but not after controlling for vaginal bleeding and gestational age at the time of the initial ultrasound (adjusted odds ratio: 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 0.63–6.42). Among women with SCH, SCH size was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Conclusion In women with twin pregnancies, the finding of a first trimester SCH is not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes >24 weeks.
Functional Outcomes after Corrective Osteotomy of Symptomatic Distal Radius Malunions in Children
Authors: Selles C. A. , Mulders M. A. M. , Roukema G. R. , van der Vlies C. H. , Cleffken B. I. , Verhofstad M. H. J. , Schep N. W. L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Closed reduction and cast immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures carries the risk of secondary displacement, which could result in a symptomatic malunion. In patients with a symptomatic malunion, a corrective osteotomy can be performed to improve pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint.
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of children who underwent a corrective osteotomy due to a symptomatic malunion of the distal radius.
Methods Between 2009 and 2016, all consecutive corrective osteotomies of the distal radius of patients younger than 18 years were reviewed. The primary outcome was functional outcome assessed with the ABILHAND-Kids score. Secondary outcomes were QuickDASH (Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) score, range of motion, complications, and radiological outcomes.
Results A total of 13 patients with a median age of 13 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 12.5–16) were included. The median time to follow-up was 31 months (IQR: 26–51). The median ABILHAND-Kids score was 42 (range: 37–42), and the median QuickDASH was 0 (range: 0–39). Range of motion did not differ significantly between the injured and the uninjured sides for all parameters. One patient had a nonunion requiring additional operative treatment. The postoperative radiological parameters showed an improvement of radial inclination, radial height, ulnar variance, dorsal tilt, and dorsal tilt.
Conclusion Corrective osteotomy for children is an effective method for treating symptomatic malunions of the distal radius.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
Minimally Invasive Wireless Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Novel Approach for Refractory Angina in Women
Authors: Vannemreddy Prasad S. S. V. , Perryman Laura Tyler , Janaswamy Jyotsna , Slavin Konstantin V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRefractory angina (RA) persists even after thorough treatment for coronary artery disease. In such difficult situations, neuromodulation offers effective alternative management. One such minimally invasive procedure is spinal cord stimulation (SCS), a rapidly evolving therapy in the treatment of pain management. SCS has been in use to control RA and in some reports exhibited beneficiary results. However, several equipment-related complications have been reported, mainly attributed to the bulky implant material and the implantable pulse generator.Recent advancements in minimally invasive surgical methods and electronics resulted in implantable electrode coupled with nanotechnology-operated antenna. This is the smallest pulse generator in the field of neuromodulation at present.The equipment in this minimalistic approach involved percutaneous implantation of a single electrode (with embedded microelectronic sensors) at the required anatomical location, operated by means of wireless antenna placed in the vicinity of the implant and moderated by both the patient as well as the clinician. The advantage with the nanoeletrode stimulation include reduced surgical trauma/health care costs/surgical duration and improved cosmetic result, especially in women.This minimalistic wireless neuromodulation (WNM) has been successful in the management of chronic pain in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), herpetic neuralgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and facial pain. SCS with WNM could increase the indications in RA and possibly improves the outcome of these patients.
Spontaneous formation of chaotic protrusions in a polymerizing active gel layer
Authors: Levernier N , Kruse K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The actin cortex is a thin layer of actin filaments and myosin motors beneath the outer membrane of animal cells. It determines the cells’ mechanical properties and forms important morphological structures. Physical descriptions of the cortex as a contractile active gel suggest that these structures can result from dynamic instabilities. However, in these analyses the cortex is described as a two-dimensional layer. Here, we show that the dynamics of the cortex is qualitatively different when gel fluxes in the direction perpendicular to the membrane are taken into account. In particular, an isotropic cortex is then stable for arbitrarily large active stresses. If lateral contractility exceeds vertical contractility, the system can either from protrusions with an apparently chaotic dynamics or a periodic static pattern of protrusions.
Photometrically estimating the spatially-resolved stellar mass-to-light ratios for low-redshift galaxies
Authors: Du Cheng , Li Niu , Li Cheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The stellar mass-to-light ratio (M
*/L) of galaxies in a given wave band shows tight correlations with optical colors, which have been widely applied as cheap estimators of galaxy stellar masses. These estimators are usually calibrated using either broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) or spectroscopy at galactic centers. However, it is unclear whether the same estimators provide unbiased M
*/L for different regions within a galaxy. In this work we employ integral field spectroscopy from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. We also examine the correlations of spatially resolved M
*/L obtained from full spectral fitting, with different color indices, as well as galaxy morphology types, distances to the galactic center, and stellar population parameters such as stellar age and metallicity. We find that the (g − r) color is better than any other color indices, and it provides almost unbiased M
*/L for all the SDSS five bands and for all types of galaxies or regions, with only slight biases depending on stellar age and metallicity. Our analysis indicates that combining multiple colors and/or including other properties to reduce the systematics and scatters of the estimator does not work better than a single color index defined by two bands. Therefore, we have obtained a best estimator with the (g − r) color and applied it to the MaNGA galaxies. Both the two-dimensional map and radial profile of M
*/L are reproduced well in most cases. Our estimator may be applied to obtain surface mass density maps for large samples of galaxies from imaging surveys at both low and high redshifts.