bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of air plasma generated by surface microdischarge for decellularized porcine aortic valve leaflets modification
Authors: Lu Chen , Dai Jinchi , Dong Nianguo , Zhu Yu , Xiong Zilan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, the surface microdischarge (SMD) device was used to modify the mechanical properties of decellularized porcine aortic valve leaflets (DPAVL). It was found that SMD treatment under NOx mode considerably improved the ultimate tensile strength and the Young's modulus of DPAVL, whereas treatment under O3 mode had no effect. The absorbance band peak at ~1,375 cm−1, measured by Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometer, increased with treatment time in the freeze‐dried DPAVL group under NOx mode treatment. The microstructure was not destroyed and blood compatibility test showed no toxicity. The reaction between plasma‐activated species and the DPAVL and the pH change, other than temperature/UV irradiation, plays a major role. All of the results indicate that cold atmospheric plasma treatment seems to be a potential alternative for DPAVL modification.
Quantum mechanical modeling of Zn‐based spinel oxides: Assessing the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties
Authors: Oliveira Marisa C. , Ribeiro Renan A. P. , Longo Elson , Bomio Mauricio R. D. , de Lázaro Sergio R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of two leading representatives of the Zn‐based spinel oxides class, normal ZnX2O4 (X = Al, Ga, In) and inverse Zn2MO4 (M = Si, Ge, Sn) crystals, were investigated. In particular, density functional theory (DFT) was combined with different exchange‐correlation functionals: B3LYP, HSE06, PBE0, and PBESol. Our calculations showed good agreement with the available experimental data, showing a mean percentage error close to 3% for structural parameters. For the electronic structure, the obtained HSE06 band‐gap values overcome previous theoretical results, exhibiting a mean percentage error smaller than 10.0%. In particular, the vibrational properties identify the significant differences between normal and inverse spinel configurations, offering compelling evidence of a structure‐property relationship for the investigated materials. Therefore, the combined results confirm that the range‐separated HSE06 hybrid functional performs the best in spinel oxides. Despite some points that cannot be directly compared to experimental results, we expect that future experimental work can confirm our predictions, thus opening a new avenue for understanding the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties in spinel oxides.
Observer‐based consensus control of nonlinear multiagent systems under semi‐Markovian switching topologies and cyber attacks
Authors: Xie Xinxin , Yang Zhe , Mu Xiaowu 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis article investigates the leader‐following consensus of nonlinear multiagent systems under semi‐Markovian switching topologies and cyber attacks. Unlike the related works, the communication channels considered herein are subjected to successful but recoverable attacks, and when the channels work well, the network topology is time‐varying and described by a semi‐Markovian switching topology. Due to the effect of attacks, the communication network is intermittently paralyzed. For the cases that the transition rates of semi‐Markovian switching topologies are completely known and partially unknown, observer‐based control protocols and sufficient conditions are proposed, respectively, to ensure the consensus of the systems in the mean square sense. Finally, simulation examples are given to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Environmental factors controlling phytoplankton dynamics in a large floodplain river with emphasis on cyanobacteria
Authors: Giblin Shawn M. , Gerrish Gretchen A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHarmful algal blooms are occurring in large river ecosystems and at the mouth of large rivers with increasing frequency. In lentic systems, the chemical and physical conditions that promote harmful algal blooms are somewhat predictable but tracking prevalence and conditions that promote harmful algal blooms in lotic systems is much more difficult. We captured two of the most extreme discharge years within the last 20 years occurring in the Upper Mississippi River, allowing a natural experiment that evaluated how major shifts in discharge drive environmental variation and associated shifts in phytoplankton. Statistical models describing significant environmental covariates for phytoplankton assemblages and specific taxa were developed and used to identify management‐relevant numeric breakpoints at which environmental variables may promote the growth of specific phytoplankton and/or cyanobacteria. Our analyses supported that potentially toxin‐producing cyanobacteria dominate under high phosphorus concentration, low nitrogen concentration, low nitrogen‐to‐phosphorus ratio, low turbulence, low flushing, adequate light and warm temperatures. Cyanobacteria dominated in 2009 when low discharge and low flushing likely led to optimal growth environments for Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon and Microcystis. Rarely will a single factor lead to the dominance, but multiple positive factors working in concert can lead to cyanobacteria proliferation in large rivers. Certain isolated backwaters with high phosphorus, low nitrogen, warm water temperatures and low potential for flushing could benefit from increased connection to channel inputs to reduce cyanobacterial dominance. Numerous examples of this type of habitat currently exist in the Upper Mississippi River and could benefit from reconnection to channel habitats.
Separated traffic grooming for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) optical satellite networks with wavelength dimensioning
Authors: Peng Cong , Zhao Shanghong , Li Ruixin , Li Jun , Wang Weilong , Gao Hanghang 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIntersatellite laser links have the advantages of high bandwidth, low delay, and low power consumption, which makes wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) with wavelength routing a promising alternative to accommodate the tremendous increasing traffics from terrestrial users. To make better use of the finite wavelengths in optical satellite networks (OSNs), traffic grooming is necessary for the sake of its inherent superiority in partitioning wavelength channel into multiple low‐rate channels to satisfy the traffic requests. However, in most occasions, wavelength dimensioning is taken as a part of traffic grooming, which increases the complexity of application. Therefore, this paper investigates a novel separated traffic grooming method to minimize the number of wavelengths while satisfying the traffic requests, of which the process can be divided into two parts. Firstly, the basic connection requests are bundled to construct aggregation units (AUs). And then, the AUs are groomed onto wavelengths. In the process, an AUs construction method with multihop lightpath bypass grooming (MHLBG) is designed for uniform traffics, and a bandwidth reorganization algorithm (BRA) with MHLBG is customized for nonuniform traffics. Finally, we evaluate performance in simulation, and the results show that the proposed method has realized a good compromise between numbers of wavelengths to be used with the average end‐to‐end delay. Also, the separated traffic grooming method yields better performance than the integrated one.
Review of Zinc(II) Scaffolds: Efficient Role in Gene Delivery
Authors: Muripiti Venkanna , Gondru Ramesh , Patri Srilakshmi V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOver the past two decades, enormous research has been focused on cationic non‐viral vectors because of their advantages like flexible properties, easy synthesis, robustness, etc. It was also proved that, because of their efficient gene delivery properties, Zinc cationic lipids have received great attention as promising non‐viral gene‐delivery systems. Herewith, the review mainly aimed at the most recent scientific advances of Zinc‐metal coordinative non‐viral gene‐delivery systems. The major progress in the fields of gene‐delivery as well as tissue engineering applications are summarized in the current review.
Determination of diazinon in water and food samples using magnetic solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography
Authors: Mohammadnia Maryam , Heydari Rouhollah , Sohrabi Mahmoud Reza , Motiee Fereshteh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the present study, a dispersive micro‐solid phase extraction method using magnetic graphene oxide/vancomycin nanocomposite as sorbent coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography was developed for determining diazinon in water and food samples. The sorbent was characterized by various techniques such as Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. Influential parameters on the extraction efficiency of diazinon using dispersive micro‐solid phase extraction such as sorbent and its amount, elution solvent and its volume, adsorption and desorption times, and pH of sample solution were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, method detection limit and limit of quantitation values were 0.001 and 0.003 µg/mL, respectively. Relative recovery data for several real samples were obtained within the range of 85.0–102.0% with a relative standard deviation <7.5%. Intraday and interday relative standard deviation values were <5.2 and <7.5, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to quantitative determination of diazinon in several water and food samples.
Alternative splicing in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Authors: Park Jung Woo , Fu Siyi , Huang Borong , Xu Ren-He 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The differentiation and maturation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to mesodermal and other lineages are known to be controlled by various extrinsic and intrinsic signals. The dysregulation of the MSC differentiation balance has been linked to several pathophysiological conditions, including obesity and osteoporosis. Previous research of the molecular mechanisms governing MSC differentiation has mostly focused on transcriptional regulation. However, recent findings are revealing the underrated role of alternative splicing (AS) in MSC differentiation and functions. In this review, we discuss recent progress in elucidating the regulatory roles of AS in MSC differentiation. We catalogue and highlight the key AS events that modulate MSC differentiation to major osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, and discuss the regulatory mechanisms by which AS is regulated.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Future research trends
Authors: Ratten Vanessa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEntrepreneurial ecosystems are gaining ascendancy as one of the most popular topics discussed in the international business literature. This is due to the way they incorporate cultural, economic, social, and political considerations in an evolutionary view of how entities interact in society. Due to an increased emphasis on digitalization and the knowledge economy, it helps to take an ecosystem view when discussing and analyzing entrepreneurship. The aim of this article is to discuss future research trajectories in research, practice, and policy on entrepreneurial ecosystems. Thereby contributing an anthropocosmic view to how entrepreneurship exists and its role in contributing to a more open and inclusive global economy. Specific research and managerial tracks are stated that highlight the importance of investing in an entrepreneurial ecosystem mindset where everything is connected.
The science of belief: A progress report
Authors: Porot Nicolas , Mandelbaum Eric 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe empirical study of belief is emerging at a rapid clip, uniting work from all corners of cognitive science. Reliance on belief in understanding and predicting behavior is widespread. Examples can be found, inter alia, in the placebo, attribution theory, theory of mind, and comparative psychological literatures. Research on belief also provides evidence for robust generalizations, including about how we fix, store, and change our beliefs. Evidence supports the existence of a Spinozan system of belief fixation: one that is automatic and independent of belief rejection. Independent research supports the existence of a system of fragmented belief storage: one that relies on large numbers of causally isolated, context‐sensitive stores of belief in memory. Finally, empirical and observational data support at least two systems of belief change. One system adheres, mostly, to epistemological norms of updating; the other, the psychological immune system, functions to guard our most centrally held beliefs from potential inconsistency with newly formed beliefs. Refining our understanding of these systems can shed light on pressing real‐world issues, such as how fake news, propaganda, and brainwashing exploit our psychology of belief, and how best to construct our modern informational world.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Philosophy > Knowledge and Belief
Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science
Decagon at two loops
Authors: Fleury Thiago , Goncalves Vasco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We have computed the simplest five point function in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM at two loops using the hexagonalization approach to correlation functions. Along the way we have determined all two-particle mirror contributions at two loops and we have computed all the integrals involved in the final result. As a test of our results we computed a few four-point functions and they agree with the perturbative results computed previously. We have also obtained l loop results for some parts of the two-particle contributions with l arbitrary. We also derive differential equations for a class of integrals that should appear at higher loops in the five point function.
Mimetic black strings
Authors: Sheykhi Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present two new classes of black string solutions in the context of mimetic gravity. The horizon topology of these solutions can be either a flat T2 torus with topology S1× S1, or a standard cylindrical model with topology R × S1. The first class describes uncharged rotating black string which its asymptotic behavior is a quotient of anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, while the second class represents asymptotically AdS charged rotating black string. We study the casual structure and physical properties of these spacetimes and calculate, the entropy, electric charge, mass and angular momentum per unit length of rotating black strings.
Notes on islands in asymptotically flat 2d dilaton black holes
Authors: Anegawa Takanori , Iizuka Norihiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study the islands and the Page curve in the 1+1-dimensional eternal dilaton black hole models. Without islands, the entanglement entropy of the radiation grows linearly at late time. However with an island, its growth stops at the value of almost twice of the black hole entropy. Therefore an island emerges at the late time, and the entanglement entropy of the radiation shows the Page curve.
Parseval Proximal Neural Networks
Authors: Hasannasab Marzieh , Hertrich Johannes , Neumayer Sebastian , Plonka Gerlind , Setzer Simon , Steidl Gabriele 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is twofold. First, we show that a certain concatenation of a proximity operator with an affine operator is again a proximity operator on a suitable Hilbert space. Second, we use our findings to establish so-called proximal neural networks (PNNs) and stable tight frame proximal neural networks. Let$$\mathcal {H}$$Hand$$\mathcal {K}$$Kbe real Hilbert spaces,$$b \in \mathcal {K}$$b∈Kand$$T \in \mathcal {B} (\mathcal {H},\mathcal {K})$$T∈B(H,K)a linear operator with closed range and Moore–Penrose inverse$$T^\dagger $$T†. Based on the well-known characterization of proximity operators by Moreau, we prove that for any proximity operator$$\mathrm {Prox}:\mathcal {K}\rightarrow \mathcal {K}$$Prox:K→Kthe operator$$T^\dagger \, \mathrm {Prox}( T \cdot + b)$$T†Prox(T·+b)is a proximity operator on$$\mathcal {H}$$Hequipped with a suitable norm. In particular, it follows for the frequently applied soft shrinkage operator$$\mathrm {Prox}= S_{\lambda }:\ell _2 \rightarrow \ell _2$$Prox=Sλ:ℓ2→ℓ2and any frame analysis operator$$T:\mathcal {H}\rightarrow \ell _2$$T:H→ℓ2that the frame shrinkage operator$$T^\dagger \, S_\lambda \, T$$T†SλTis a proximity operator on a suitable Hilbert space. The concatenation of proximity operators on$$\mathbb R^d$$Rdequipped with different norms establishes a PNN. If the network arises from tight frame analysis or synthesis operators, then it forms an averaged operator. In particular, it has Lipschitz constant 1 and belongs to the class of so-called Lipschitz networks, which were recently applied to defend against adversarial attacks. Moreover, due to its averaging property, PNNs can be used within so-called Plug-and-Play algorithms with convergence guarantee. In case of Parseval frames, we call the networks Parseval proximal neural networks (PPNNs). Then, the involved linear operators are in a Stiefel manifold and corresponding minimization methods can be applied for training of such networks. Finally, some proof-of-the concept examples demonstrate the performance of PPNNs.
The EU-ToxRisk method documentation, data processing and chemical testing pipeline for the regulatory use of new approach methods
Authors: Krebs Alice , van Vugt-Lussenburg Barbara M. A. , Waldmann Tanja , Albrecht Wiebke , Boei Jan , ter Braak Bas , Brajnik Maja , Braunbeck Thomas , Brecklinghaus Tim , Busquet Francois , Dinnyes Andras , Dokler Joh , Dolde Xenia , Exner Thomas E. , Fisher Ciarán , Fluri David , Forsby Anna , Hengstler Jan G. , Holzer Anna-Katharina , Janstova Zofia , Jennings Paul , Kisitu Jaffar , Kobolak Julianna , Kumar Manoj , Limonciel Alice , Lundqvist Jessica , Mihalik Balázs , Moritz Wolfgang , Pallocca Giorgia , Ulloa Andrea Paola Cediel , Pastor Manuel , Rovida Costanza , Sarkans Ugis , Schimming Johannes P. , Schmidt Bela Z. , Stöber Regina , Strassfeld Tobias , van de Water Bob , Wilmes Anja , van der Burg Bart , Verfaillie Catherine M. , von Hellfeld Rebecca , Vrieling Harry , Vrijenhoek Nanette G. , Leist Marcel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHazard assessment, based on new approach methods (NAM), requires the use of batteries of assays, where individual tests may be contributed by different laboratories. A unified strategy for such collaborative testing is presented. It details all procedures required to allow test information to be usable for integrated hazard assessment, strategic project decisions and/or for regulatory purposes. The EU-ToxRisk project developed a strategy to provide regulatorily valid data, and exemplified this using a panel of > 20 assays (with > 50 individual endpoints), each exposed to 19 well-known test compounds (e.g. rotenone, colchicine, mercury, paracetamol, rifampicine, paraquat, taxol). Examples of strategy implementation are provided for all aspects required to ensure data validity: (i) documentation of test methods in a publicly accessible database; (ii) deposition of standard operating procedures (SOP) at the European Union DB-ALM repository; (iii) test readiness scoring accoding to defined criteria; (iv) disclosure of the pipeline for data processing; (v) link of uncertainty measures and metadata to the data; (vi) definition of test chemicals, their handling and their behavior in test media; (vii) specification of the test purpose and overall evaluation plans. Moreover, data generation was exemplified by providing results from 25 reporter assays. A complete evaluation of the entire test battery will be described elsewhere. A major learning from the retrospective analysis of this large testing project was the need for thorough definitions of the above strategy aspects, ideally in form of a study pre-registration, to allow adequate interpretation of the data and to ensure overall scientific/toxicological validity.
MRI features of and factors related to ankle injuries in asymptomatic amateur marathon runners
Authors: Yao Wanzhen , Zhang Yanjing , Zhang Li , Zhou Jing , Zhang Yi , Zheng Xiaozhong , Ding Jianping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the MRI manifestations of and factors related to ankle injuries in asymptomatic amateur marathon runners.

Materials and methods
A total of 113 amateur marathon runners without any ankle joint symptoms were recruited. Each participant was asked to complete a questionnaire at the beginning of the study and underwent MRI of the ankle. The MRI manifestations of ankle injuries were summarized, and binary logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the factors related to ankle injuries.

Results
The main MRI features were bone marrow edema-like signal intensity, peritendinous effusion, and partial lateral collateral ligament injury. Others included Achilles tendinopathy, cyst-like lesions, osteochondral lesions, and subcutaneous soft tissue edema. The risk factor for bone marrow edema-like signal intensity in amateur marathon runners was a rearfoot strike pattern (p = 0.028, OR = 1.172); the risk factors for peritendinous effusion were a higher weekly running distance (p = 0.013, OR = 1.685) and increased running years (p = 0.039, OR = 1.113), whereas a rearfoot strike pattern (p = 0.005, OR = 0.831) was a protective factor for peritendinous effusion; the risk factor for Achilles tendinopathy was increased age (p = 0.008, OR = 1.412); the risk factors for anterior talofibular ligament injury were a rearfoot strike pattern (p = 0.017, OR = 1.346) and higher weekly running distance (p = 0.022, OR = 1.171); and the factors for calcaneofibular ligament injury were a higher weekly running distance (p = 0.029, OR = 1.570) and rearfoot strike pattern (p = 0.035, OR = 1.463).

Conclusion
The main MRI features of asymptomatic amateur marathon runners are bone marrow edema-like signal intensity, peritendinous effusion, and partial lateral collateral ligament injury. In addition, increased age, increased running years, higher weekly running distance, and different foot strike patterns are risk factors for ankle injuries.