bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy-directed dye marking for locating pulmonary nodules
Authors: Wang Long-long , He Bi-fang , Cui Jing-hua , Gao Xing-lin , Chen Ping-ping , Zhong Wen-zhao , Liao Ri-qiang , Li Jing , Sun Jia-yuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundSmall peripheral pulmonary nodules, which are usually deep-seated with no visual markers on the pleural surface, are often difficult to locate during surgery. At present, CT-guided percutaneous techniques are used to locate pulmonary nodules, but this method has many limitations. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) with pleural dye to locate small peripheral pulmonary nodules before video-associated thoracic surgery (VATS).MethodsThe ENB localisation procedure was performed under general anaesthesia in an operating room. Once the locatable guide wire, covered with a sheath, reached the ideal location, it was withdrawn and 0.2–1.0 mL of methylene blue/indocyanine green was injected through the guide sheath. Thereafter, 20–60 mL of air was instilled to disperse the dye to the pleura near the nodules. VATS was then performed immediately.ResultsStudy subjects included 25 patients with 28 nodules. The mean largest diameter of the pulmonary nodules was 11.8 mm (range, 6.0–24.0 mm), and the mean distance from the nearest pleural surface was 13.4 mm (range, 2.5–34.9 mm). After the ENB-guided localisation procedure was completed, the dye was visualised in 23 nodules (82.1%) using VATS. The average duration of the ENB-guided pleural dye marking procedure was 12.6 min (range, 4–30 min). The resection margins were negative in all malignant nodules. Complications unrelated to the ENB-guided localisation procedure occurred in two patients, including one case of haemorrhage and one case of slow intraoperative heart rate.ConclusionENB can be used to safely and accurately locate small peripheral pulmonary nodules and guide surgical resection.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900021963.
Navigating new sexual partnerships in midlife: a socioecological perspective on factors shaping STI risk perceptions and practices
Authors: Lewis Ruth , Mitchell Kirstin R , Mercer Catherine H , Datta Jessica , Jones Kyle G , Wellings Kaye 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveDespite increases in STIs among those over 40, little is known about the social context of STI transmission among people experiencing relationship transition in midlife, and few sexual health promotion initiatives are targeted at this group. This study sought to identify factors shaping STI risk perceptions and practices among midlife individuals either contemplating or having sex with new partners following the end of a long-term relationship.MethodsParticipants were purposively selected from respondents to Britain’s third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, using three eligibility criteria: aged 40–59, reported experience of the end of a marital or cohabiting relationship with an opposite-sex partner in the past 5 years, and willingness to participate in a qualitative interview. Qualitative data were generated via face-to-face interviews with 10 women and 9 men and analysed inductively using thematic analysis, with themes then organised using a socioecological framework.ResultsParticipants’ accounts of new sexual partnerships in midlife indicate that STI risk perceptions and practices are shaped by factors operating at multiple levels across the socioecological arena (individual, partnership, peers and communities, societal). Constraints on, and resources for, the navigation of sexual safety include self-perceived STI risk rooted in past rather than present circumstances; legacies of mistrust within former relationships; intersecting gender-age dynamics in negotiation of risk prevention strategies with new partners; peers and younger relatives’ influences on understandings of sexual risk and safety; postrelationship change in social networks that increase or mitigate vulnerability to sexual risk; age-related barriers to accessing condoms; and disconnection from safer sex messaging and services culturally coded as for the young.ConclusionsImproving sexual health among midlife adults requires age-sensitive interventions designed to address multilevel constraints, and harness positive influences, on the navigation of sexual safety at this stage of life.
‘Friends with benefits’: how tobacco companies influence sales through the provision of incentives and benefits to retailers
Authors: Watts Christina , Burton Suzan , Freeman Becky , Phillips Fiona , Kennington Kelly , Scollo Michelle , Lindorff Kylie , Egger Sam 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundIn countries banning advertising and display of tobacco at point-of-sale, little is known about tobacco companies’ continuing promotion of products through incentives and benefits to retailers.MethodA telephone survey of 4527 randomly selected Australian retailers was conducted in August 2018, and identified 800 current tobacco retailers (response rate: 72.4%) who were asked a series of questions about benefits offered to them by tobacco companies and what retailers agreed to in return.Results41.1% of retailers reported being provided with a tobacco cabinet and 38.3% reported having a price list supplied by a tobacco company. One-third (33.3%) reported being offered at least one benefit from a tobacco company for doing something in return. Price discounts were the most frequently reported benefit (19.0%), followed by rebates (8.4%) and gifts (3.0%). Retailers also reported offers of prizes and incentives for increasing sales or demonstrating product knowledge. In return, retailers reported giving companies benefits such as prominence on the price list and/or in the tobacco cabinet and/or influence over the product range and stock levels.ConclusionTobacco companies are continuing to market tobacco and influence sales through provision of incentives and benefits to retailers. Laws that ban the supply of benefits to consumers should be extended to also prohibit the provision of benefits to tobacco retailers.
Charged scalar quasi-normal modes for higher-dimensional Born–Infeld dilatonic black holes with Lifshitz scaling
Authors: Hashemi S. Sedigheh , Zangeneh Mahdi Kord , Faizal Mir 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe study quasi-normal modes for a higher dimensional black hole with Lifshitz scaling, as these quasi-normal modes can be used to test Lifshitz models with large extra dimensions. We analyze quasi-normal modes for higher dimensional dilaton-Lifshitz black hole solutions coupled to a non-linear Born–Infeld action. We will analyze the charged perturbations for such a black hole solution. We will first analyze the general conditions for stability analytically, for a positive potential. Then, we analyze this system for a charged perturbation as well as negative potential, using the asymptotic iteration method for quasi-normal modes.
Spherically symmetric black holes with electric and magnetic charge in extended gravity: physical properties, causal structure, and stability analysis in Einstein’s and Jordan’s frames
Authors: Elizalde E. , Nashed G. G. L. , Nojiri S. , Odintsov S. D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNovel static black hole solutions with electric and magnetic charges are derived for the class of modified gravities: $$f({{{\mathcal {R}}}})={{{\mathcal {R}}}}+2\beta \sqrt{{{\mathcal {R}}}}$$f(R)=R+2βR, with or without a cosmological constant. The new black holes behave asymptotically as flat or (A)dS space-times with a dynamical value of the Ricci scalar given by $$R=\frac{1}{r^2}$$R=1r2 and $$R=\frac{8r^2\Lambda +1}{r^2}$$R=8r2Λ+1r2, respectively. They are characterized by three parameters, namely their mass and electric and magnetic charges, and constitute black hole solutions different from those in Einstein’s general relativity. Their singularities are studied by obtaining the Kretschmann scalar and Ricci tensor, which shows a dependence on the parameter $$\beta $$β that is not permitted to be zero. A conformal transformation is used to display the black holes in Einstein’s frame and check if its physical behavior is changed w.r.t. the Jordan one. To this end, thermodynamical quantities, as the entropy, Hawking temperature, quasi-local energy, and the Gibbs free energy are calculated to investigate the thermal stability of the solutions. Also, the casual structure of the new black holes is studied, and a stability analysis is performed in both frames using the odd perturbations technique and the study of the geodesic deviation. It is concluded that, generically, there is coincidence of the physical properties of the novel black holes in both frames, although this turns not to be the case for the Hawking temperature.
Demonstration of a length control system for ALPS II with a high finesse 9.2 m cavity
Authors: Põld Jan H. , Spector Aaron D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLight-shining-through-a-wall experiments represent a new experimental approach in the search for undiscovered elementary particles not accessible with accelerator based experiments. The next generation of these experiments, such as ALPS II, require high finesse, long baseline optical cavities with fast length control. In this paper we report on a length stabilization control loop used to keep a 9.2 m cavity resonant. The finesse of this cavity was measured to be 101,300 ±500 for 1064 nm light. Fluctuations in the differential cavity length as seen with 1064 nm and 532 nm light were measured. Such fluctuations are of high relevance, since 532 nm light will be used to sense the length of the ALPS II regeneration cavity. Limiting noise sources and different control strategies are discussed, in order to fulfill the length stability requirements for ALPS II.
Feasibility and Safety of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Recurrent Rectal Lesions that after Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery: A Case Series
Authors: Ikezawa Nobuaki , Toyonaga Takashi , Tanaka Shinwa , Nakano Yoshiko , Ishida Tsukasa , Yoshihara Tomoatsu , Uraoka Masanao , Morita Yoshinori , Suzuki Noriko , Haji Amyn , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Recently, several studies have demonstrated the usefulness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for residual or locally recurrent colorectal lesions after endoscopic treatment. However, the feasibility of ESD for recurrent rectal lesions after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) has not been fully investigated. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of ESD for recurrent rectal lesions after TEM. Methods: The treatment outcomes of 10 lesions in 9 patients, who underwent ESD between January 2006 and March 2018 for recurrent rectal lesions after transanal endoscopic microsurgery, were evaluated. Results: All lesions were successfully resected en bloc, and the R0 resection rate was 90%. The median size of the resected specimens and lesions (range) was 44 mm (21–70) and 27.5 mm (5–60), respectively. The pathological diagnoses included 4 adenomas and 6 cancerous lesions. The cancerous lesions included 5 cases of mucosal cancer and 1 case of superficial submucosal invasive cancer (depth of submucosal invasion <1,000 μm from the muscularis mucosae). No adverse events occurred. There was no recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusions: ESD for recurrent rectal lesions after TEM by expert’s hands appears to be safe and feasible.
Association Between High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin and Risk of Stroke in 96 702 Individuals
Authors: Broersen Leonie H.A. , Stengl Helena , Nolte Christian H. , Westermann Dirk , Endres Matthias , Siegerink Bob , Scheitz Jan F. 
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose—
Our study aim was to estimate risk of incident stroke based on levels of hs-cTn (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin), a specific biomarker indicating myocardial injury, in the general population, patients with atrial fibrillation, and patients with previous stroke.

Methods—
Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched until March 14, 2019 to identify relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies assessing the risk of incident stroke based on hs-cTn were eligible. Pooled adjusted hazard ratios including 95% CI were calculated using a random-effects model due to study heterogeneity per population, coding of hs-cTn (categorical/continuous data), per hs-cTn subunit (T or I), for low risk of bias, and for all-cause and ischemic stroke separately.

Results—
We included 17 articles with 96 702 participants. In studies conducted in the general population (n=12; 77 780 participants), the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for incident stroke was 1.25 (CI, 1.10–1.40) for high versus low hs-cTn (as defined by included studies) during an average follow-up of 1 to 20 years (median 10). When categorical data were used, this was increased to 1.58 (CI, 1.26–1.90). The results were robust when accounting for stroke classification (all-cause stroke/ischemic stroke), hs-cTn subunit, risk of bias, and coding of hs-cTn. In patients with atrial fibrillation (4 studies; 18 725 participants), the pooled adjusted hazard ratio for incident stroke was 1.95 (CI, 1.29–2.62) for high versus low hs-cTn. Due to lack of data (one study, 197 participants), no meta-analysis could be performed in patients with previous stroke.

Conclusions—
This meta-analysis suggests that hs-cTn can be regarded as a risk marker for incident stroke, with different effect size in different subgroups. More research about the association between hs-cTn and incident stroke in high-risk populations is needed, especially in patients with history of ischemic stroke.
Intensity Change of Typhoon Nancy (1961) during Landfall in a Moist Environment over Japan: A Numerical Simulation with Spectral Nudging
Authors: Tsujino Satoki , Tsuboki Kazuhisa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Intensity change of tropical cyclones (TCs) as they make landfall is closely linked to sustained periods of high surface winds and heavy precipitation. Few studies have investigated the intensity change of intense TCs that make landfall in middle latitudes such as Japan because few intense typhoons make landfall in middle latitudes. In this study, a numerical simulation of intense Typhoon Nancy (1961) was used to understand the intensity change that occurred when Nancy made landfall in Japan. A spectral nudging technique was introduced to reduce track errors in the simulation. During landfall, the simulated storm exhibited the salient asymmetric structure and rapid eyewall contraction. A tangential wind budget indicated that the maximum wind speed decreased concurrent with an increase in surface friction and advection associated with low-level asymmetric flows. Detailed evolution of the storm’s warm core was analyzed with a potential temperature budget. In the upper part of the warm core centered at a 12-km height, cooling due to ventilation by asymmetric flows and longwave radiation overcame heating due to condensation and shortwave radiation during the contraction of eyewall clouds. In the lower part of the warm core, adiabatic cooling more than offset warm-air intrusions associated with asymmetric flows and condensational heating. The condensation was supplied by an abundance of moisture due to evaporation from the ocean in the well-developed typhoon based on a moisture budget. Sensitivity experiments revealed that environmental baroclinicity in the midlatitudes, orography, and radiative processes made minor contributions to the weakening. The weakening was instead controlled by inner-core dynamics and interactions with land surfaces.
Effects of pressure garment on spasticity and function of the arm in the early stages after stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ooi Hwa Kee , Chai Siaw Chui , Kadar Masne 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of pressure (Lycra) garment on the spasticity and function of the arm in the early stages after stroke. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Occupational therapy unit of a public hospital. Subjects: A total of 46 adults with stroke. Intervention: After random assignment, for six weeks, both intervention group and control group received a 2 hour/week conventional occupational therapy program, with the intervention group receiving an extra 6 hour/day pressure garment application (long glove). Main Measures: Modified Modified Ashworth Scale, Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure, and Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test. Eligibility measures: Mini Mental State Examination and Modified Modified Ashworth Scale. Assessments were performed at baseline and six weeks postintervention. Results: There were 21 participants with the mean age of 51.19 (8.28) years in the intervention group and 22 participants with the mean (SD) age of 52.82 (8.71) years in the control group. The intervention group had median (interquartile range (IQR)) post-stroke duration of 1 (1) month, while for the control group, they were 2 (2) months. There was no difference in spasticity, and both perceived and actual arm functions between the groups at six weeks after baseline. Conclusion: Wearing a pressure garment on the arm for 6 hours daily had no effect in controlling spasticity or on improving arm function in the early stages after stroke.
The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with breast density and breast cancer survival: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study
Authors: Sartor Hanna , Brandt Jasmine , Grassmann Felix , Eriksson Mikael , Czene Kamila , Melander Olle , Zackrisson Sophia 
Published: February 2020

Background Genetic factors are important in determining breast density, and heritable factors account for 60% of the variation. Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with density and risk of breast cancer but the association with prognosis is not clear. Purpose To investigate associations between selected SNPs and breast cancer survival in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS). Material and Methods A total of 724 unrelated women with breast cancer and registered radiological and pathological data were identified in MDCS 1991–2007, with genotyping available for 672 women. Associations among 15 SNPs, density, and breast cancer-specific survival were analyzed using logistic/Cox regression, adjusted for factors affecting density and survival. Variants significantly associated with either density or survival were validated in a large independent breast cancer cohort (LIBRO-1). Results Minor homozygotes of SNPs rs9383589, CCDC170 and rs6557161, ESR1 were associated with high breast density (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 8.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35–59.57; AOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.19–3.65, respectively) and poorer breast cancer survival (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] 6.46, 95% CI 1.95–21.39; HRadj 2.30, 95% CI 1.33–3.96, respectively) compared to major homozygotes. For SNP rs3757318, ESR1, minor homozygotes (HRadj 7.46, 95% CI 2.28–24.45) were associated with poorer survival. We confirmed that rs6557161, ESR1 was significantly associated with both density and survival in the LIBRO-1 study. Conclusion These findings support a shared genetic basis for density and breast cancer survival. The SNP significantly associated with both density and survival in both cohorts may be of interest in future research investigating polygenic risk scores for breast cancer risk and screening stratification purposes.
Bipolar hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty in femoral neck fracture patients: results from Lithuanian Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Stucinskas Justinas , Grigaitis Kazimieras , Smailys Alfredas , Robertsson Otto , Tarasevicius Sarunas 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures (FNF) are usually operated with arthroplasty but with various combinations of implants and approaches. Thus, the optimal treatment is still controversial. We aimed to compare the results between the cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients operated for FNF regarding revision rate at 1 year postoperatively. Methods: The data were derived from the Lithuanian Arthroplasty Register. We included patients operated with cemented bipolar HA and compared them to the most frequently used cemented THA with 28-mm head during 2011–2016. For survival analysis, we used both revision for all reasons and for dislocations as an endpoint. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the influence of covariates (age groups, gender, surgical approaches and arthroplasty groups). Results: There were 1177 bipolar HA and 514 THA included in our study. 26 (2.2%) revisions had occurred among the bipolar HAs as compared to 25 (4.9%) among the THAs 1 year after surgery. The main reason for revision was dislocation. The unadjusted cumulative revision rate for any reason at 1 year after surgery was 2.4% for the bipolar HA group and 5.1% for the THA group ( p  = 0.0054). Cox regression analysis showed that the use of bipolar HA, anterolateral approach and younger age groups had lower risk of revision for all reasons. Conclusion: Bipolar HA and anterolateral approach had a significantly lower overall 1-year risk of revision in femoral neck fracture patients as compared to THA with 28-mm femoral heads.
Downregulation of LncRNA OIP5-AS1 Induced by IL-1β Aggravates Osteoarthritis via Regulating miR-29b-3p/PGRN
Authors: Zhi Liqiang , Zhao Jianwu , Zhao Hongmou , Qing Zhong , Liu Hongliang , Ma Jianbing 
Published: February 2020

Background Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) OIP5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) is an oncogenic lncRNA; however, its role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathology still remains unknown. Materials and Methods qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expressions of OIP5-AS1, miR-29b-3p and progranulin (PGRN) mRNA in OA cartilage tissues and normal cartilage tissues. Chondrocyte cell lines, CHON-001 and ATDC5, were treated with different doses of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to induce the inflammatory response. Overexpression plasmids, microRNA mimics, microRNA inhibitors and small interfering RNAs were constructed and transfected into CHON-001 and ATDC5 cells. CCK-8 assay was used for determining the cell viability and Transwell assay was used for monitoring cell migration. Western blot was applied to measure the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to measure the contents of inflammatory factors. StarBase and TargetScan were used to predict the binding sites between OIP5-AS1 and miR-29b-3p, miR-29b-3p and 3′-UTR of PGRN respectively, which were verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Results OIP5-AS1 and PGRN mRNA were downregulated while miR-29b-3p was upregulated in OA tissues and models. The up-regulated OIP5-AS1 facilitated the proliferation and migration of CHON-001 and ATDC5 cells, while ameliorated the apoptosis and inflammatory response. However, miR-29b-3p had opposite effects. PGRN was identified as a target gene of miR-29b-3p, which could be indirectly suppressed by OIP5-AS1 knockdown. Conclusion Downregulation of OIP5-AS1 induced by IL-1β could inhibit the proliferation and migration abilities of CHON-001 and ATDC5 cells and facilitate the apoptosis and inflammation response via regulating miR-29b-3p/PGRN axis.