bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma power abnormalities in a Fmr1-targeted transgenic rat model of fragile X syndrome
Authors: Kozono Naoki , Okamura Ai , Honda Sokichi , Matsumoto Mitsuyuki , Mihara Takuma 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is characteristically displayed intellectual disability, hyperactivity, anxiety, and abnormal sensory processing. Electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities are also observed in subjects with FXS, with many researchers paying attention to these as biomarkers. Despite intensive preclinical research using Fmr1 knock out (KO) mice, an effective treatment for FXS has yet to be developed. Here, we examined Fmr1-targeted transgenic rats (Fmr1-KO rats) as an alternative preclinical model of FXS. We characterized the EEG phenotypes of Fmr1-KO rats by measuring basal EEG power and auditory steady state response (ASSR) to click trains of stimuli at a frequency of 10–80 Hz. Fmr1-KO rats exhibited reduced basal alpha power and enhanced gamma power, and these rats showed enhanced locomotor activity in novel environment. While ASSR clearly peaked at around 40 Hz, both inter-trial coherence (ITC) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) were significantly reduced at the gamma frequency band in Fmr1-KO rats. Fmr1-KO rats showed gamma power abnormalities and behavioral hyperactivity that were consistent with observations reported in mouse models and subjects with FXS. These results suggest that gamma power abnormalities are a translatable biomarker among species and demonstrate the utility of Fmr1-KO rats for investigating drugs for the treatment of FXS.
Adrenergic supersensitivity and impaired neural control of cardiac electrophysiology following regional cardiac sympathetic nerve loss
Authors: Tapa Srinivas , Wang Lianguo , Francis Stuart Samantha D. , Wang Zhen , Jiang Yanyan , Habecker Beth A. , Ripplinger Crystal M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) can result in sympathetic nerve loss in the infarct region. However, the contribution of hypo-innervation to electrophysiological remodeling, independent from MI-induced ischemia and fibrosis, has not been comprehensively investigated. We present a novel mouse model of regional cardiac sympathetic hypo-innervation utilizing a targeted-toxin (dopamine beta-hydroxylase antibody conjugated to saporin, DBH-Sap), and measure resulting electrophysiological and Ca2+ handling dynamics. Five days post-surgery, sympathetic nerve density was reduced in the anterior left ventricular epicardium of DBH-Sap hearts compared to control. In Langendorff-perfused hearts, there were no differences in mean action potential duration (APD80) between groups; however, isoproterenol (ISO) significantly shortened APD80 in DBH-Sap but not control hearts, resulting in a significant increase in APD80 dispersion in the DBH-Sap group. ISO also produced spontaneous diastolic Ca2+ elevation in DBH-Sap but not control hearts. In innervated hearts, sympathetic nerve stimulation (SNS) increased heart rate to a lesser degree in DBH-Sap hearts compared to control. Additionally, SNS produced APD80 prolongation in the apex of control but not DBH-Sap hearts. These results suggest that hypo-innervated hearts have regional super-sensitivity to circulating adrenergic stimulation (ISO), while having blunted responses to SNS, providing important insight into the mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis following sympathetic nerve loss.
Response of wheat, pea, and canola to micronutrient fertilization on five contrasting prairie soils
Authors: Rahman Noabur , Schoenau Jeff 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA polyhouse study was conducted to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different micronutrient fertilizer formulation and application methods on wheat, pea and canola, as indicated by yield response and fate of micronutrients in contrasting mineral soils. The underlying factors controlling micronutrient bioavailability in a soil–plant system were examined using chemical and spectroscopic speciation techniques. Application of Cu significantly improved grain and straw biomass yields of wheat on two of the five soils (Ukalta and Sceptre), of which the Ukalta soil was critically Cu deficient according to soil extraction with DTPA. The deficiency problem was corrected by either soil or foliar application of Cu fertilizers. There were no significant yield responses of pea to Zn fertilization on any of the five soils. For canola, soil placement of boric acid was effective in correcting the deficiency problem in Whitefox soil, while foliar application was not. Soil extractable Cu, Zn, and B concentration in post-harvest soils were increased with soil placement of fertilizers, indicating that following crops in rotation could benefit from this application method. The chemical and XANES spectroscopic speciation indicates that carbonate associated is the dominant form of Cu and Zn in prairie soils, where chemisorption to carbonates is likely the major process that determines the fate of added Cu and Zn fertilizer.
Synthesis and characterization of rice husk biochar via hydrothermal carbonization for wastewater treatment and biofuel production
Authors: Hossain Nazia , Nizamuddin Sabzoi , Griffin Gregory , Selvakannan Periasamy , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar , Mahlia Teuku Meurah Indra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe recent implication of circular economy in Australia spurred the demand for waste material utilization for value-added product generations on a commercial scale. Therefore, this experimental study emphasized on agricultural waste biomass, rice husk (RH) as potential feedstock to produce valuable products. Rice husk biochar (RB) was obtained at temperature: 180 °C, pressure: 70 bar, reaction time: 20 min with water via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), and the obtained biochar yield was 57.9%. Enhancement of zeta potential value from − 30.1 to − 10.6 mV in RB presented the higher suspension stability, and improvement of surface area and porosity in RB demonstrated the wastewater adsorption capacity. Along with that, an increase of crystallinity in RB, 60.5%, also indicates the enhancement of the catalytic performance of the material significantly more favorable to improve the adsorption efficiency of transitional compounds. In contrast, an increase of the atomic O/C ratio in RB, 0.51 delineated high breakdown of the cellulosic component, which is favorable for biofuel purpose. 13.98% SiO2 reduction in RB confirmed ash content minimization and better quality of fuel properties. Therefore, the rice husk biochar through HTC can be considered a suitable material for further application to treat wastewater and generate bioenergy.
Differences in pregnancy complications and outcomes by fetal gender among Japanese women: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Funaki Satoru , Ogawa Kohei , Ozawa Nobuaki , Okamoto Aikou , Morisaki Naho , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe association between fetal gender and rare pregnancy complications has not been extensively investigated, and no studies have examined this association in Japanese women. Thus, we used a large Japanese birth registry database to investigate the extent to which fetal gender affects various pregnancy outcomes. We analyzed 1,098,268 women with a singleton delivery with no congenital anomaly at 22 weeks or later between 2007 and 2015. Women carrying a male fetus had a significantly higher risk of placental abruption (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–1.20)], preterm delivery (aRR 1.20, 95% CI 1.19–1.22), instrumental delivery (aRR 1.27, 95% CI 1.26–1.29), and cesarean delivery (aRR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02). In contrast, they had a significantly lower risk of preeclampsia (aRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89–0.94), placenta accreta (aRR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.96), atonic hemorrhage (aRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.96), and maternal blood transfusion (aRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.99). Our findings demonstrate a significant association between fetal gender and various pregnancy complications and delivery outcomes among Japanese women.
Rainy season onset mainly drives the spatiotemporal variability of spring vegetation green-up across alpine dry ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Lin , Luo Tianxiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is still debatable whether temperature or precipitation mainly triggers spring vegetation green-up (SVG) in alpine dry ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. As phenological sensitivity to the arrival of monsoon-season rainfall would allow plants to simultaneously avoid drought and frost damages in the early growing season, we hypothesize that rainy season onset (RSO) rather than temperature mainly drives the spatiotemporal variability of SVG across alpine dry ecosystems over the Tibetan Plateau. Dates of RSO and SVG across 67 target areas nearby 67 weather stations over the Tibetan Plateau were calculated from time-series data of daily mean temperature and precipitation (1974–2013) and of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (2001–2013), respectively. Satellite-derived SVG was validated by 7-year observations (2007–2013) for leaf emergence of dominant species in alpine meadows along elevations (4400–5200 m) in Damxung of Tibet. We found that SVG generally synchronized with or was somewhat later than RSO although seasonal air temperatures were already continuously above 0 °C in 1 month before SVG dates. In pooled data across sites and years, the analysis of linear mixed model indicated that RSO (F = 42.109) and its interactions with pre-SVG precipitation (F = 6.767) and temperature (F = 4.449) mainly explained the spatio-temporal variability of SVG, while pre-SVG temperature and its interaction with precipitation did not have significant effects on SVG. Our data supported the hypothesis, suggesting that synchronization of SVG and RSO is a general spring phenological strategy across alpine dry ecosystems under influence of monsoon climate.
Artificial intelligence provides greater accuracy in the classification of modern and ancient bone surface modifications
Authors: Domínguez-Rodrigo Manuel , Cifuentes-Alcobendas Gabriel , Jiménez-García Blanca , Abellán Natalia , Pizarro-Monzo Marcos , Organista Elia , Baquedano Enrique 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBone surface modifications are foundational to the correct identification of hominin butchery traces in the archaeological record. Until present, no analytical technique existed that could provide objectivity, high accuracy, and an estimate of probability in the identification of multiple structurally-similar and dissimilar marks. Here, we present a major methodological breakthrough that incorporates these three elements using Artificial Intelligence (AI) through computer vision techniques, based on convolutional neural networks. This method, when applied to controlled experimental marks on bones, yielded the highest rate documented to date of accurate classification (92%) of cut, tooth and trampling marks. After testing this method experimentally, it was applied to published images of some important traces purportedly indicating a very ancient hominin presence in Africa, America and Europe. The preliminary results are supportive of interpretations of ancient butchery in some places, but not in others, and suggest that new analyses of these controversial marks should be done following the protocol described here to confirm or disprove these archaeological interpretations.
Synthesis of two new lipid mediators from docosahexaenoic acid by combinatorial catalysis involving enzymatic and chemical reaction
Authors: Yi Jong-Jae , Heo Sun-Yeon , Ju Jung-Hyun , Oh Baek-Rock , Son Woo Sung , Seo Jeong-Woo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been known to have beneficial effects in the prevention of various diseases. Recently, it was identified that the bioactivities of omega-3 are related to lipid mediators, called pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), converted from PUFAs, so they have attracted much attention as potential pharmaceutical targets. Here, we aimed to build an efficient production system composed of enzymatic and chemical catalysis that converts docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) into lipid mediators. The cyanobacterial lipoxygenase, named Osc-LOX, was identified and characterized, and the binding poses of enzyme and substrates were predicted by ligand docking simulation. DHA was converted into three lipid mediators, a 17S-hydroxy-DHA, a 7S,17S-dihydroxy-DHA (RvD5), and a 7S,15R-dihydroxy-16S,17S-epoxy-DPA (new type), by an enzymatic reaction and deoxygenation. Also, two lipid mediators, 7S,15R,16S,17S-tetrahydroxy-DPA (new type) and 7S,16R,17S-trihydroxy-DHA (RvD2), were generated from 7S,15R-dihydroxy-16S,17S-epoxy-DPA by a chemical reaction. Our study suggests that discovering new enzymes that have not been functionally characterized would be a powerful strategy for producing various lipid mediators. Also, this combination catalysis approach including biological and chemical reactions could be an effective production system for the manufacturing lipid mediators.
Enhancement of electrical characteristics and stability of self-patterned In–Zn–O thin-film transistors based on photosensitive precursors
Authors: Kim Hee Jun , Jung Joohye , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe report a novel self-patterning method for solution-processed indium zinc oxide (IZO) thin films based on photosensitive precursors. This approach is an alternative and evolutionary approach to the traditional photoresist patterning techniques. Chelate bonds between metal ions and β-diketone compounds in ultraviolet light-exposed IZO solutions provided intrinsic photosensitivity, which resulted in a solubility difference between exposed and non-exposed regions. This difference enabled self-patterning of the IZO for thin-film transistor (TFT) fabrication. Compared with previously reported self-patterning methods based on photosensitive activators, our self-patterned IZO TFTs based on photosensitive precursors displayed excellent electrical characteristics and stability. The field-effect mobility increased from 0.27 to 0.99 cm2/Vs, the subthreshold swing decreased from 0.54 to 0.46 V/dec, and the threshold voltage shift under a positive bias stress test (1,000 s) improved from 9.32 to 1.68 V. The photosensitive precursor played a key role in these improvements permitting fewer organic species which act as defect sites after metal oxide formation. Consequently, our approach compares favorably with that of conventional fabrication process using photoresist in terms of its simplicity, cost efficiency, and electrical performance.
Converting histidine-induced 3D protein arrays in crystals into their 3D analogues in solution by metal coordination cross-linking
Authors: Tan Xiaoyi , Chen Hai , Gu Chunkai , Zang Jiachen , Zhang Tuo , Wang Hongfei , Zhao Guanghua 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHistidine (His) residues represent versatile motifs for designing protein-protein interactions because the protonation state of the imidazole group of His is the only moiety in protein to be significantly pH dependent under physiological conditions. Here we show that, by the designed His motifs nearby the C4 axes, ferritin nanocages arrange in crystals with a simple cubic stacking pattern. The X-ray crystal structures obtained at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 9.0 in conjunction with thermostability analyses reveal the strength of the π–π interactions between two adjacent protein nanocages can be fine-tuned by pH. By using the crystal structural information as a guide, we constructed 3D protein frameworks in solution by a combination of the relatively weak His–His interaction and Ni2+-participated metal coordination with Glu residues from two adjacent protein nanocages. These findings open up a new way of organizing protein building blocks into 3D protein crystalline frameworks.
Meta-analysis based gene expression profiling reveals functional genes in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhao Lin , Li Yuhui , Zhang Zhen , Zou Jing , Li Jianfu , Wei Ran , Guo Qiang , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Chu Chu , Fu Xiaoxiao , Yue Jinbo , Li Xia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground: Ovarian cancer causes high mortality rate worldwide, and despite numerous attempts, the outcome for patients with ovarian cancer are still not well improved. Microarray-based gene expressional analysis provides with valuable information for discriminating functional genes in ovarian cancer development and progression. However, due to the differences in experimental design, the results varied significantly across individual datasets.Methods: In the present study, the data of gene expression in ovarian cancer were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and 16 studies were included. A meta-analysis based gene expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The most differentially expressed genes in our meta-analysis were selected for gene expression and gene function validation.Results: A total of 972 DEGs with P-value &lt; 0.001 were identified in ovarian cancer, including 541 up-regulated genes and 431 down-regulated genes, among which 92 additional DEGs were found as gained DEGs. Top five up- and down-regulated genes were selected for the validation of gene expression profiling. Among these genes, up-regulated CD24 molecule (CD24), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box transcription factor 17 (SOX17), WFDC2, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM), innate immunity activator (INAVA), and down-regulated aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1) were revealed to be with consistent expressional patterns in clinical patient samples of ovarian cancer. Gene functional analysis demonstrated that up-regulated WFDC2 and INAVA promoted ovarian cancer cell migration, WFDC2 enhanced cell proliferation, while down-regulated AOX1 was functional in inducing cell apoptosis of ovarian cancer.Conclusion: Our study shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of ovarian cancer, and facilitated the understanding of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer.
Real-time transabdominal ultrasound-guided ERCP is feasible and effective in pregnancy: a case series
Authors: Li Suqing , Dargavel Callum , Muradali Derek , May Gary R. , Mosko Jeffrey D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and study aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is commonly required in pregnancy for choledocholithiasis, however, radiation exposure is a major concern for patients. Real-time transabdominal (TA) ultrasound (US)-guided ERCP is a radiation-free technique that facilitates confirmation of biliary cannulation, equipment exchange and stone clearance. We present the largest Western case series of this modality in pregnancy and a review of the literature.Four pregnant adult patients were referred to our tertiary center with suspected or documented choledocholithiasis and underwent real-time TA US-guided ERCP. US was successfully used to confirm positioning of the guidewire and ductal clearance. Procedures were successful in all patients with resolution of clinical symptoms and no immediate procedural complications. Two patients suffered adverse events later in their pregnancy.Real-time TA US-guided ERCP is a technically feasible and effective modality that can be offered to obtain biliary access in a radiation-free fashion for specific subsets of pregnant patients with choledocholithiasis. Future studies are needed to confirm the safety of this technique.
Nervenkompressionssyndrome der oberen Extremität
Authors: Aman Martin , Böcker Arne , Kneser Ulrich , Harhaus Leila 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungNervenkompressionssyndrome werden oft als Differenzialdiagnose von therapierefraktären orthopädischen Krankheitsbildern nicht bedacht und weisen so häufig lange Leidensverläufe auf. Neben der klinischen Diagnostik durch eine gezielte Anamnese und körperliche Untersuchung sind die zusätzliche spezifische Bildgebung sowie elektrophysiologische Untersuchung oftmals zielführend. Therapieansätze sind vielfältig und reichen von Physiotherapie und lokalen Infiltrationen bis hin zur chirurgischen Nervendekompression. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Nervenkompressionssyndrome der oberen Extremität anhand ihrer anatomischen Prädilektionsstellen aufzuzeigen, die entsprechende Diagnostik darzustellen und Therapiemöglichkeiten vorzustellen.
Handgelenkarthroskopie
Authors: Gaulke Ralph 
Published: November 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Handgelenkarthroskopie hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten erhebliche Fortschritte in Bezug auf die technische Ausstattung und die therapeutischen Optionen bei zahlreichen karpalen Pathologien gemacht. So wurde die rein diagnostische Arthroskopie als häufigster Eingriff von den verschiedenen therapeutischen Arthroskopien weit in den Hintergrund gedrängt. Synovialektomien, die Entfernung von freien Gelenkkörpern und Handgelenkganglien sowie arthroskopisch assistierte Osteosynthesen und Arthrodesen können heute für den Patienten schonend und erfolgreich arthroskopisch durchgeführt werden.
Risk of ambulatory colonoscopy in patients with cirrhosis: a propensity-score matched cohort study
Authors: Huang Robert J. , Banerjee Subhas , Friedland Shai , Ladabaum Uri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Patients with cirrhosis demonstrate alterations in physiology, hemodynamics, and immunity which may increase procedural risk. There exist sparse data regarding the safety of performing ambulatory colonoscopy in patients with cirrhosis.
Patients and methods From a population-based sample of three North American states (California, Florida, and New York), we collected data on 3,590 patients with cirrhosis who underwent ambulatory colonoscopy from 2009 to 2014. We created a control cohort propensity score-matched for cirrhotic severity who did not undergo colonoscopy (N = 3,590) in order to calculate the attributable risk for adverse events. The primary endpoint was the rate of unplanned hospital encounters (UHEs) within 14 days of colonoscopy (or from a synthetic index date for the control cohort). Predictors for UHE were assessed in multivariable regression.
Results The attributable risk for any UHE following colonoscopy was 3.1 % (confidence interval [CI] 2.1–4.1 %, P < 0.001). There was increased risk for infection (0.9 %, CI 0.7–1.1 %), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (0.1 %, CI 0.0–0.3 %), decompensation of ascites (0.3 %, CI 0.2–0.4 %), and cardiovascular event (0.4 %, CI 0.3–0.5 %). There was no increased attributable risk for gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, or development of the hepatorenal syndrome. The presence of ascites at time of procedure was the only predictor for UHE in the fully-adjusted model (OR 2.6, CI 1.9–3.5, P < 0.001).
Conclusions There is a moderate though detectable increase in risk for adverse event following ambulatory colonoscopy in patients with cirrhosis. The presence of ascites in particular portends higher risk. These data may guide clinicians when counseling patients with cirrhosis on the choice of colorectal cancer screening modality.