bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Door-to-balloon time in the treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Butt Taimur Salar , Bashtawi Eyad , Bououn Badis , Wagley Bhawoodin , Albarrak Bandar , Sergani Hani El , Mujtaba Salman Ibn , Buraiki Jehad 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND:Atherosclerotic heart disease is still a leading cause of mortality despite improvements in cardiovascular care. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the recommended reperfusion therapy in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and the international guideline is to achieve a door-to-balloon (D2B) time within 90 minutes of patient arrival to an emergency department (ED).OBJECTIVES:Describe interventions, data for the study period, challenges in ensuring 24/7 patient access to PCI and quality indicators.DESIGN:Retrospective observational study.SETTING:Tertiary care institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.PATIENTS AND METHODS:We included all acute coronary syndrome patients from 2010-2018 who presented or were transferred to our ED from nearby non-PCI capable hospitals, and for whom a ‘code heart’ was activated. Electronic medical records and the patient care report from the ambulance services were accessed for data collection.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:D2B time, readmission and mortality rate.SAMPLE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS:354 patients, mean age (standard deviation) 55.6 (12.6) years, males 84.5% (n=299).RESULTS:STEMI patients constituted 94% (n=334) of the study group; the others had non-STEMI or unstable angina. Hypertension (51%) was the most prevalent risk factor. Coronary artery stenting was the most frequent intervention (77.4%) followed by medical therapy (14.7%). The most common culprit artery was the left anterior descending (52.5%) followed by the right coronary artery (26.0%). A D2B time of within 90 minutes was achieved in over 85% of the patients in four of the years in the 278 patients who underwent PCI. The median D2B time (interquar-tile range) over 2010-2018 was 79 (31) minutes.CONCLUSION:Meeting the international benchmark of D2B time within 90 minutes for STEMI patients is achievable when the main stakeholders collaborate in patient-centric care. Our patient demographics represent regional trends.LIMITATIONS:Patient acceptance to our institution is based upon eligibility criteria. Transfer of ‘code heart’ patients from other institutions was carried out by our ambulance team. The credentials and experience of cardiologists, emergency physicians, and ambulance services are not standardized across the country. Therefore, the results may not be generalizable to other institutions.CONFLICT OF INTEREST:None.
Five-year outcomes for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy from a single center in Turkey
Authors: Seyit Hakan , Alis Halil 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
There are no long-term results for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) from Turkey.

OBJECTIVES:
Assess the outcomes of LSG at 5 years.

DESIGN:
Retrospective.

SETTING:
Training and research hospital.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The study included patients with LSG performed from August 2012 to December 2013. The data was prospectively collected with the aim of providing 5-year outcomes.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Changes in percentage excessive weight loss (%EWI) and BMI. Changes in the pharmacological treatment status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

SAMPLE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS:

120 patients (89 female) completed follow up; mean age 37 years (range, 19-63 years), mean preoperative BMI 48.3 kg/m
2
(range 40-80.4 kg/m
2
).

RESULTS:
After a mean 5.6-year follow-up, the mean (SD) postoperative weight loss was 43.5 (11.8) kg and the mean (SD) BMI loss was 16.1 (4.4). The mean %EWL value was 62.9% (range, 30-101%). Most patients (87.5%, n=105) achieved satisfactory %EWL values. The major complication rate was 6.6%. After surgery, 74.2% of patients taking medication for hypertension were able to stop treatment, while 12.9% reduced the dose, of patients that took medication for diabetes, all had a dosage reduction.

CONCLUSIONS:
We showed that LSG is an acceptable bariatric procedure, but in the long-term there may be weight gain and frequent reflux symptoms. We think renewed weight gain can be partially prevented by close clinical follow-up. There is a need for long-term randomized controlled studies with long-term follow-up to clearly define the indications for LSG.

LIMITATIONS:
Retrospective, incomplete clinical visits, GERD symptoms not objectively assessed.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
Thyroid surgery in 103 children in a single institution from 2000-2014
Authors: Almosallam Osama Ibrahim , Aseeri Ali , Alhumaid Ahmed , AlZahrani Ali S. , Alsobhi Saif , AlShanafey Saud 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND:Data on thyroid surgery in children are scarce.OBJECTIVE:Analyze outcome data on thyroid surgery in a pediatric population.DESIGN:Medical record review.SETTING:Tertiary health care institution.PATIENTS AND METHODS:We collected demographic and clinical data on patients 18 years or younger who had thyroid surgery in the period 2000 to 2014. Descriptive data are presented.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Indications for thyroidectomy, thyroid pathology, complications, length of stay, and radioactive iodine treatment and recurrences.SAMPLE SIZE:103.RESULTS:Of 103 patients who underwent 112 thyroidectomy procedures, 80 (78%) were females and the mean age at operation was 13.2 years. and 17 (16%) were associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. There was no history of radiation exposure. Eighty-one patients (78%) had fine needle aspiration (FNA) which correlated with the final histopathology in 94% of cases. Sixty-six patients (64%) had malignant cancer (61 papillary), 44 (74.6%) of 59 patients who had neck dissection had lymph node metastasis and 7 (11%) had distant metastases to the lung. Procedures included total thyroidectomy (50%), hemithyroidectomy (17%), completion (31%), and subtotal thyroidectomy (2%). Twenty-three patients (22%) developed hypocalcemia (3 permanent) and 6 (5.8%) had unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (3 permanent). Patients were followed up for a mean duration of 71.7 months (median 60 months). Of 66 patients with thyroid cancer, 43 (65%) received radioactive iodine, and 10 (15%) had recurrence.CONCLUSION:Malignancy is the commonest indication for thyroid surgery in children and FNA is highly diagnostic. Hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury are significant complications. The recurrence rate in thyroid cancer is 15%.LIMITATIONS:Retrospective.CONFLICT OF INTEREST:None.
Hubungan Obesitas dengan Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Asma pada Perempuan Usia Produktif di Indonesia
Authors: Maulana Arief , Prihartono Nurhayati Adnan , Yovsyah Yovsyah 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian mengenai hubungan obesitas dengan risiko kejadian penyakit asma sudah banyak dilakukan namun masih jarang dilakukan penelitian yang mengambil sampel perempuan usia produktif (15-64 tahun). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi hubungan obesitas dalam menyebabkan asma pada perempuan usia produktif (15-64 tahun). Penelitian ini menggunakan data bersumber dari Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5) tahun 2014 dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini berjumlah 15.654 setelah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data sampel dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi logistik untuk mengetahui besar risiko obesitas dalam menyebabkan asma. Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi asma sebesar 2,91%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perempuan usia produktif yang obesitas memiliki risiko 1,21 kali (95% CI 0,987-1,485) untuk mengalami asma (POR=1,21) dibandingkan dengan yang tidak obesitas setelah dikontrol dengan variabel merokok. Perlu adanya adanya promosi kesehatan lebih baik dan variatif untuk mencegah asma terutama pada perempuan obesitas pada umur 15-64 tahun.
Tuberculosis Case Finding Practice: The Intention of Cadres
Authors: Lepuen Agnes Pude , Ayuningsih Bratajaya Cicilia Nony , Rasmada Sada 
Published: August 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is a difficult health problem to overcome. Active case finding is an important step in managing this infectious disease. However, the prevalence of TB case finding among cadres at the community level is low because of the stigma attached to TB, difficulty in geographical coverage, low public awareness, and social economic barriers. In addition, the empowerment and intention of cadres to perform community-based TB case finding are not optimal yet. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the intention of TB case finding among 162 public health cadres at one district. Convenient sampling technique was employed in this study. Relationship analyses were performed using Chi-Square test. Results suggested that three factors, namely, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control influenced the intention to practice TB case finding among cadres. Public health care providers must encourage cadres to practice active TB case finding and understand the benefits and burdens encountered by cadres during TB case finding. Abstrak Praktik Penemuan Kasus Tuberkulosis: Niat Kader. Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang sulit diatasi. Penemuan kasus TB secara aktif merupakan langkah awal yang menjadi kunci keberhasilan dalam penanganan kasus TB, namun angka penemuan kasus TB masih rendah. Kader belum dapat melakukan pendeteksian dini kasus TB secara optimal. Selain itu sebagai penemu kasus TB di masyarakat, kader memiliki berbagai tantangan dalam upaya menemukan kasus TB, salah satunya adalah niat untuk menemukan kasus TB mengingat banyak stigma yang muncul terkait penyakit TB, keadaan geografi yang sulit dijangkau, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat, dan kendala biaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui intensi atau niat kader dalam menemukan kasus TB. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan melibatkan 162 kader kesehatan di sebuah kecamatan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenient sampling. Analisa hubungan menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketiga faktor yaitu sikap, norma subjektif, dan kendali perilaku yang dirasakan memiliki hubungan dengan intensi dalam menemukan kasus TB. Maka dapat disimpulkan, dukungan tenaga kesehatan sangat penting dalam meningkatkan praktik penemuan kasus TB dan penting untuk memperhatikan manfaat dan tantangan yang ditemui oleh kader dalam menemukan kasus TB. Kata Kunci: kader kesehatan, kontrol kendali yang dirasakan, niat, norma subjektif, sikap, penemuan kasus Tuberkulosis
Emergent Properties of Macroscale Assemblies of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Tulevski George S. , Falk Abram L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIndividually, carbon nanotubes are known to have outstanding electrical and optical properties. Assemblies of carbon nantoubes, however, typically underperform relative to their individual properties. Recently, advances in solution‐based assembly methods show that assemblies can not only approach their predicted properties, but also demonstrate emergent properties not evidenced in individual carbon nanotubes. This article will highlight several of these methods and how the emergent properties of the resultant assemblies advance the state‐of‐the art for carbon nanotube electronics and optics.
A follow‐up report on the effect of a simplified basic life support training program for non‐medical staff working at a university hospital: changes in attitude toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator use through repeat training
Authors: Matsuura Hiroshi , Sakai Tomohiko , Katayama Yusuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Hirose Tomoya , Matsumoto Hisatake , Matsubara Tsunehiro , Iwami Taku , Fujino Yuji , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: August 2020

AimThis study aimed to investigate the effect of repeat training and the interval of reattending a simplified basic life support (BLS) training course.MethodsWe administered a questionnaire on the attitude toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) use (check for response, chest compression, and using an AED) before and immediately after a 45‐min BLS training program provided for non‐medical staff working at a university hospital from September 2010 to November 2018. The main outcome was positive willingness of the participants toward CPR and AED use. The effect of repeat training was assessed with McNemar’s test and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Differences in the interval of reattending the simplified BLS training course were assessed with Fisher’s exact test.ResultsFifty‐nine training courses were held. Among the total participant count of 1,025, 760 individuals attended, of whom 126 attended the training multiple times. The proportion of participants showing a positive attitude toward chest compression before the course increased as the number of attendances increased (adjusted odds ratio 1.62: 9.8% at first training to 58.8% at sixth training). The positive attitude of participants before the course was significantly greater when the training interval was <1 year (36.1% versus 18.7%). There was no significant difference for a 6‐month interval (40% versus 23.2%).ConclusionsRepeat training for non‐medical staff in a chest compression‐only CPR training course showed a cumulative effect of repeat attendance. A course interval of <1 year from the previous attendance would be important for maintaining a positive attitude toward CPR and AED use.
Utilizing a Photocatalysis Process to Achieve a Cathode with Low Charging Overpotential and High Cycling Durability for a Li‐O2 Battery
Authors: Tong Shengfu , Luo Cuiping , Li Jiade , Mei Zongwei , Wu Mingmei , O'Mullane Anthony P. , Zhu Huaiyong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe practical applications of non‐aqueous lithium‐oxygen batteries are impeded by large overpotentials and unsatisfactory cycling durability. Reported here is that commonly encountered fatal problems can be efficiently solved by using a carbon‐ and binder‐free electrode of titanium coated with TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Ultraviolet irradiation of the TNAs generates positively charged holes, which efficiently decompose Li2O2 and Li2CO3 during recharging, thereby reducing the overpotential to one that is near the equilibrium potential for Li2O2 formation. The AuNPs promote Li2O2 formation, resulting in a large discharge capacity. The electrode exhibits excellent stability with about 100 % coulombic efficiency during continuous cycling of up to 200 cycles, which is due to the carbon‐ and binder‐free composition. This work reveals a new strategy towards the development of highly efficient oxygen electrode materials for lithium‐oxygen batteries.
On‐Surface Driven Formal Michael Addition Produces m‐Polyaniline Oligomers on Pt(111)
Authors: Ruiz del Árbol Nerea , Sánchez‐Sánchez Carlos , Otero‐Irurueta Gonzalo , Martínez José I. , de Andrés Pedro L. , Gómez‐Herrero Ana C. , Merino Pablo , Piantek Marten , Serrate David , Lacovig Paolo , Lizzit Silvano , Alemán José , Ellis Gary J. , López María F. , Martín‐Gago José A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOn‐surface synthesis is emerging as a highly rational bottom‐up methodology for the synthesis of molecular structures that are unattainable or complex to obtain by wet chemistry. Here, oligomers of meta‐polyaniline, a known ferromagnetic polymer, were synthesized from para‐aminophenol building‐blocks via an unexpected and highly specific on‐surface formal 1,4 Michael‐type addition at the meta position, driven by the reduction of the aminophenol molecule. We rationalize this dehydrogenation and coupling reaction mechanism with a combination of in situ scanning tunneling and non‐contact atomic force microscopies, high‐resolution synchrotron‐based X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy and first‐principles calculations. This study demonstrates the capability of surfaces to selectively modify local molecular conditions to redirect well‐established synthetic routes, such as Michael coupling, towards the rational synthesis of new covalent nanostructures.
Jaburetox, a urease‐derived peptide: Effects on enzymatic pathways of the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea
Authors: Perin Ana P. A. , Noronha Mila S. , Moyetta Natalia R. , Coste Grahl Matheus V. , Fruttero Leonardo L. , Staniscuaski Fernanda 
Published: August 2020

AbstractJaburetox is a recombinant peptide derived from one of the Canavalia ensiformis urease isoforms. This peptide induces several toxic effects on insects of different orders, including interference on muscle contractility in cockroaches, modulation of UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities in the central nervous system of triatomines, as well as activation of the immune system in Rhodnius prolixus. When injected, the peptide is lethal for R. prolixus and Triatoma infestans. Here, we evaluated Jaburetox toxicity to Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches, exploring the effects on the central nervous system through the activities of UAP, NOS, acid phosphatases (ACP), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The results indicated that N. cinerea is not susceptible to the lethal effect of the peptide. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro treatments with Jaburetox inhibited NOS activity, without modifying the protein levels. No alterations on ACP activity were observed. In addition, the enzyme activity of UAP only had its activity affected at 18 hr after injection. The peptide increased the AChE activity, suggesting a mechanism involved in overcoming the toxic effects. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Jaburetox affects the nitrinergic signaling as well as the AChE and UAP activities and establishes N. cinerea as a Jaburetox‐resistant model for future comparative studies.
Determination of the inhibition profiles of pyrazolyl–thiazole derivatives against aldose reductase and α‐glycosidase and molecular docking studies
Authors: Demir Yeliz , Taslimi Parham , Koçyiğit Ümit M. , Akkuş Musa , Özaslan Muhammet Serhat , Duran Hatice Esra , Budak Yakup , Tüzün Burak , Gürdere Meliha B. , Ceylan Mustafa , Taysi Seyithan , Gülçin İlhami , Beydemir Şükrü 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAldose reductase (AR) is the first and rate‐limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway, which converts glucose to sorbitol in an NADPH‐dependent reaction. α‐Glycosidase breaks down starch and disaccharides to glucose. Hence, inhibition of these enzymes can be regarded a considerable approach in the treatment of diabetic complications. AR was purified from sheep liver using simple chromatographic methods. The inhibitory effects of pyrazolyl–thiazoles ((3aR,4S,7R,7aS)‐2‐(4‐{1‐[4‐(4‐bromophenyl)thiazol‐2‐yl]‐5‐(aryl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl}phenyl)‐3a,4,7,7a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐4,7‐methanoisoindole‐1,3(2H)‐dione derivatives; 3a–i) on AR and α‐glycosidase enzymes were investigated. All compounds showed a good inhibitory action against AR and α‐glycosidase. Among these compounds, compound 3d exhibited the best inhibition profiles against AR, with a Ki value of 7.09 ± 0.19 µM, whereas compound 3e showed the lowest inhibition effects, with a Ki value of 21.89 ± 1.87 µM. Also, all compounds showed efficient inhibition profiles against α‐glycosidase, with Ki values in the range of 0.43 ± 0.06 to 2.30 ± 0.48 µM, whereas the Ki value of acarbose was 12.60 ± 0.78 µM. Lastly, molecular modeling approaches were implemented to predict the binding affinities of compounds against AR and α‐glycosidase. In addition, the ADME analysis of the molecules was performed.
Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalyzed C−N Coupling of Quinoxaline‐2(1H)‐ones with Azoles without External Photosensitizer
Authors: Sun Mingli , Wang Lei , Zhao Lulu , Wang Zhiming , Li Pinhua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA visible‐light photoredox catalyzed C−N coupling of quinoxaline‐2(1H)‐ones with azoles in the absence of external photosensitizer has been developed. The protocol employs commercially available pyrazoles and triazoles as amination reagents and shows wide substrate scope, providing the corresponding C3‐position amination products in good yields and high regioselectivity under ambient conditions. Investigations indicate that the starting materials and products can act as photosensitizers avoiding use of additional photocatalyst in an autocatalytic manner. In addition, 1O2 coexists with O2.− from molecular oxygen (3O2) via an energy transfer (ET) and single electron transfer (SET) process during the reaction.
Movements of Mobile Ions in Molecular Electronic Devices
Authors: Sachan Pradeep , Chandra Mondal Prakash 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMolecular electronic devices have gained extensive interest, owing to their low‐cost fabrication, easy characterization, low voltage operations, fast response to external stimuli, and innumerable applications that are not possible with the existing complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS)‐based devices. Molecular ultrathin films of controllable thickness grown through the electroreduction method on conducting carbon electrodes can further enhance the interfacial stability of the molecular devices over thiolated self‐assembled monolayers, thus are more powerful for practical usages. A novel nanometric molecular electronic device with a stacking configuration of carbon/tetraphenylporphyrin/LiF/carbon demonstrates electric‐field‐ and polar‐solvent‐driven ion movements, producing high‐density charge storage ability and resonant charge‐transport mechanism at low bias <+1 V is highlighted here. The charge storage capability of the device enhances in CH3CN vapor as much as 78 fold over the dry measurement.
Complications seen with the use of lasers for cosmetic applications
Authors: Schwartzberg Lauren , Gold Michael H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are many indications for lasers in cosmetic dermatology. Nonetheless, complications do occur. Laser mechanism of action, fluence, wavelength, and pulse duration all play a role in the laser's potential to damage nearby skin and cause subsequent harmful consequences. Understanding the laser being used and known complications associated with these lasers may provide better patient outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the complications associated with laser treatments in cosmetic dermatology so providers have a concise resource to improve patient outcomes.MethodsA literature review of complications associated with carbon dioxide, erbium YAG, neodymium‐doped YAG, alexandrite, and dye lasers.ResultsNotable complications include burns, infections, dyspigmentation, ophthalmic injuries, Koebner phenomenon, scarring, prolonged erythema, acne, milia, and contact dermatitis.ConclusionClinicians using lasers should be aware of the complications associated with laser use since precautions may be taken to prevent some of these adverse events and prompt identification can help improve patient outcomes and decrease long‐term consequences.