bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate multilevel modeling of quality of life dynamics of HIV infected patients
Authors: Dessie Zelalem G. , Zewotir Temesgen , Mwambi Henry , North Delia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundLongitudinal quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome in many chronic illness studies aiming to evaluate the efficiency of care both at the patient and health system level. Although many QoL studies involve multiple correlated hierarchical outcome measures, very few of them use multivariate modeling. In this work, we modeled the long-term dynamics of QoL scores accounting for the correlation between the QoL scores in a multilevel multivariate framework and to compare the effects of covariates across the outcomes.MethodsThe data is from an ongoing prospective cohort study conducted amongst adult women who were HIV-infected and on the treatment in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. Independent and related QoL outcome multivariate multilevel models were presented and compared.ResultsThe analysis showed that related outcome multivariate multilevel models fit better for our data used. Our analyses also revealed that higher educational levels, middle age, stable sex partners and higher weights had a significant effect on better improvements in the rate of change of QoL scores of HIV infected patients. Similarly, patients without TB co-infection, without thrombocytopenia, with lower viral load, with higher CD4 cell count levels, with higher electrolytes component score, with higher red blood cell (RBC) component score and with lower liver abnormality component score, were associated with significantly improved the rate of change of QoL, amongst HIV infected patients.ConclusionIt is hoped that the article will help applied researchers to familiarize themselves with the models and including interpretation of results. Furthermore, three issues are highlighted: model building of multivariate multilevel outcomes, how this model can be used to assess multivariate assumptions, involving fixed effects (for example, to examine the size of the covariate effect varying across QoL domain scores) and random effects (for example, to examine the rate of change in one response variable associated to changes in the other).
Patients with stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer: understanding the determinants of survival
Authors:   For the Groupe de Recherche FRANCOGYN, Dabi Yohann , Huchon Cyrille , Ouldamer Lobna , Bendifallah Sofiane , Collinet Pierre , Bricou Alexandre , Daraï Emile , Ballester Marcos , Lavoue Vincent , Haddad Bassam , Touboul Cyril 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The most appropriate management for patients with stage IV ovarian cancer remains unclear. Our objective was to understand the main determinants associated with survival and to discuss best surgical management.

Methods
Data of 1038 patients with confirmed ovarian cancer treated between 1996 and 2016 were extracted from maintained databases of 7 French referral gynecologic oncology institutions. Patients with stage IV diseases were selected for further analysis. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the survival distribution. A Cox proportional hazards model including all the parameters statistically significant in univariable analysis, was used to account for the influence of multiple variables.

Results
Two hundred and eight patients met our inclusion criteria: 65 (31.3%) never underwent debulking surgery, 52 (25%) underwent primary debulking surgery (PDS) and 91 (43.8%) neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS). Patients not operated had a significantly worse overall survival than patients that underwent PDS or NACT–IDS (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, three factors were independent predictors of survival: upfront surgery (HR 0.32 95% CI 0.14–0.71, p = 0.005), postoperative residual disease = 0 (HR 0.37 95% CI 0.18–0.75, p = 0.006) and association of Carboplatin and Paclitaxel regimen (HR 0.45 95% CI 0.25–0.80, p = 0.007).

Conclusions
Presence of distant metastases should not refrain surgeons from performing radical procedures, whenever the patient is able to tolerate. Maximal surgical efforts should be done to minimize residual disease as it is the main determinant of survival.
Thyroid V50 is a risk factor for hypothyroidism in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Ling , Chen Jia , Shen Wei , Chen Zheng-Lu , Huang Shuang , Tao Chang-Juan , Chen Ming , Yu Zhong-Hua , Chen Yuan-Yuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
We investigated the risk factors of radiation-induced thyroid dysfunction, then combined the clinical factors and optimum thyroid dosimetric parameters to predict the incidence rate of hypothyroidism (HT) and to guide individualized treatment.

Methods
A total of 206 patients with histologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated at the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences between January 2015 and August 2018 were included. Dose–volume histogram (DVH) data, including mean dose, absolute volume, V20, V25, V30, V35, V40, V45, V50, V55, and V60 were extracted and used as dosimetric parameters. A logistic regression analysis model was built to identify predictors related to HT occurring within 2 years.

Results
Sex, N stage, thyroid volume, mean thyroid dose, and thyroid V20 and V50 were significantly different between patients with and without HT. Logistic regression analysis showed that N stage, thyroid volume, and thyroid V50 were independent predictors of HT. The radiosensitivity of the thyroid decreased as the thyroid volume increased. Patients with N stage > 1 had significantly higher HT incidence (37.38%) than patients with N stage ≤1 (13.11%). The incidence of HT was 54.55% in patients with thyroid V50 > 24% and was 34.15% in patients with thyroid V50 ≤ 24%.

Conclusions
The incidence of HT is significantly associated with N stage, thyroid volume, and thyroid V50. More attention should be paid to patients with NPC with thyroid volume ≤ 12.82 cm3 and advanced N stage disease.
Prevention and early intervention in youth mental health: is it time for a multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic model for care?
Authors: Colizzi Marco , Lasalvia Antonio , Ruggeri Mirella 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Similar to other health care sectors, mental health has moved towards the secondary prevention, with the effort to detect and treat mental disorders as early as possible. However, converging evidence sheds new light on the potential of primary preventive and promotion strategies for mental health of young people. We aimed to reappraise such evidence.

Methods
We reviewed the current state of knowledge on delivering promotion and preventive interventions addressing youth mental health.

Results
Half of all mental disorders start by 14 years and are usually preceded by non-specific psychosocial disturbances potentially evolving in any major mental disorder and accounting for 45% of the global burden of disease across the 0–25 age span. While some action has been taken to promote the implementation of services dedicated to young people, mental health needs during this critical period are still largely unmet. This urges redesigning preventive strategies in a youth-focused multidisciplinary and trans-diagnostic framework which might early modify possible psychopathological trajectories.

Conclusions
Evidence suggests that it would be unrealistic to consider promotion and prevention in mental health responsibility of mental health professionals alone. Integrated and multidisciplinary services are needed to increase the range of possible interventions and limit the risk of poor long-term outcome, with also potential benefits in terms of healthcare system costs. However, mental health professionals have the scientific, ethical, and moral responsibility to indicate the direction to all social, political, and other health care bodies involved in the process of meeting mental health needs during youth years.
Copy number variations associated with fetal congenital kidney malformations
Authors: Cai Meiying , Lin Na , Su Linjuan , Wu Xiaoqing , Xie Xiaorui , Li Ying , Chen Xuemei , Lin Yuan , Huang Hailong , Xu Liangpu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) constitute 20–30% of all congenital malformations. Within the CAKUT phenotypic spectrum, renal hypodysplasia (RHD) is particularly severe. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array test in prenatal diagnosis of RHD for improving prenatal genetic counseling and to search for evidence of a possible causative role of copy-number variations (CNVs) in RHD.ResultsWe performed a systematic survey of CNV burden in 120 fetuses with RHD: 103 cases were isolated RHD and 17 were non-isolated RHD. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array test was performed using the Affymetrix CytoScan HD platform. All annotated CNVs were validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We identified abnormal CNVs in 15 (12.5%) cases of RHD; of these CNVs, 11 were pathogenic and 4 were variants of uncertain significance. The detection rate of abnormal CNVs in non-isolated RHD was higher (29.4%, 5/17) than that in isolated RHD (9.7%, 10/103) (P = 0.060). Parents are more inclined to terminate the pregnancy if the fetuses have pathogenic results of the SNP-array test.ConclusionsThe variable phenotypes that abnormal CNVs may cause indicate the genetic counseling is needed for RHD cases.
Correction to: Long non-coding RNA HUMT hypomethylation promotes lymphangiogenesis and metastasis via activating FOXK1 transcription in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Shaoquan , Yang Lu , Zou Yutian , Liang Jie-ying , Liu Peng , Gao Guanfeng , Yang Anli , Tang Hailin , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: March 2020

The original article [1] contains an error in Fig. 5b whereby two panels have been mistakenly duplicated. The correct version of Fig. 5b can be viewed ahead alongside the rest of Fig. 5.
Monitoring Patient Respiratory Effort During Mechanical Ventilation: Lung and Diaphragm-Protective Ventilation
Authors: Bertoni Michele , Spadaro Savino , Goligher Ewan C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2020. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2020. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901.
Heterogeneity of Cardiovascular Response to Standardized Sepsis Resuscitation
Authors: Guarracino Fabio , Bertini Pietro , Pinsky Michael R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2020. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2020. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901.
Artificial Intelligence in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Gutierrez Guillermo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2020. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2020. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from http://www.springer.com/series/8901.
An international, Delphi consensus study to identify priorities for methodological research in behavioral trials in health research
Authors: Byrne Molly , McSharry Jenny , Meade Oonagh , Lavoie Kim L. , Bacon Simon L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Non-communicable chronic diseases are linked to behavioral risk factors (including smoking, poor diet and physical inactivity), so effective behavior change interventions are needed to improve population health. However, uptake and impact of these interventions is limited by methodological challenges. We aimed to identify and achieve consensus on priorities for methodological research in behavioral trials in health research among an international behavioral science community.

Methods
An international, Delphi consensus study was conducted. Fifteen core members of the International Behavioral Trials Network (IBTN) were invited to generate methodological items that they consider important. From these, the research team agreed a “long-list” of unique items. Two online surveys were administered to IBTN members (N = 306). Respondents rated the importance of items on a 9-point scale, and ranked their “top-five” priorities. In the second survey, respondents received feedback on others’ responses, before rerating items and re-selecting their top five.

Results
Nine experts generated 144 items, which were condensed to a long-list of 33 items. The four most highly endorsed items, in both surveys 1 (n = 77) and 2 (n = 57), came from two thematic categories:“Intervention development” (“Specifying intervention components” and “Tailoring interventions to specific populations and contexts”) and “Implementation” (“How to disseminate behavioral trial research findings to increase implementation” and “Methods for ensuring that behavioral interventions are implementable into practice and policy”). “Development of novel research designs to test behavioral interventions” also emerged as a highly ranked research priority.

Conclusions
From a wide array of identified methodological issues, intervention development, implementation and novel research designs are key themes to drive the future behavioral trials’ research agenda. Funding bodies should prioritize these issues in resource allocation.
Effects of temperature and shear on the structural, thermal and pasting properties of different potato flour
Authors: Zhang Ke , Tian Yang , Liu Chenglong , Xue Wentong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The properties of potato flour will be different due to different processing parameters, which will affect their processing adaptability. In this paper, different potato flour were investigated to determine viscoelastic properties and structural transformation using thermodynamics, rheological and spectrum methods. Potato flour was prepared by drying at different temperature after soaking in citric acid, microwave and steamed respectively. The treated samples were dried by hot air and then compared with the freeze-dried potato flour. Four kinds of potato flour showed different properties after shearing at high temperature.

Results
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results revealed that potato flour with low gelatinization had lower enthalpy and faster melting process than freeze-dried potato powder. RVA and texture results showed that potato flour with low gelatinization had the best retrogradation property and the stable gel. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the crystalline properties of different potato flour after shearing at high temperature were the same. In addition, low gelatinization potato flour presented a crystalline structure or strong internal order. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that high temperature and shearing mainly caused δ-deformation of O–H in intact potato granules.

Conclusion
Freeze drying and hot air drying at low temperature made potato flour had better gel stability than microwave and steamed treatment. Hot air drying at low temperature made potato flour had good retrogradation after hot shearing, which was more conducive to the formation of hot-processed products.
Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada sacroiliac joint inflammation and structural scores: change score reliability and recalibration utility in children
Authors: Weiss Pamela F. , Maksymowych Walter P. , Xiao Rui , Biko David M. , Francavilla Michael L. , Lambert Robert G. , Jaremko Jacob L. , Heshin-Bekenstein Merav , Brandon Timothy G. , Chauvin Nancy A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe SPARCC sacroiliac joint inflammation (SIS) and structural (SSS) scores are reliable measures to quantify abnormalities in the pediatric sacroiliac joint. We aimed to evaluate the utility of online calibration modules for the SIS and SSS and the reliability of their component change scores.MethodsChange score reliability of 6 raters was assessed by overall and pairwise intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) before and after the use of real-time iterative calibration (RETIC) modules for both the SIS and SSS comprised of 20 adult cases. Acceptable ICC for change scores was > 0.7 for SIS and > 0.5 for all SSS components. Sensitivity to change was assessed by the standardized response mean (SRM).ResultsIn scoring exercise 1, the SIS had acceptable reliability with a change score ICC of 0.80 and sclerosis was the only SSS lesion that met the acceptability threshold with a change score ICC of 0.52. After RETIC calibration, the SIS overall (ICC = 0.83) and mean pairwise (ICC = 0.83) change scores remained reliable with a large SRM (0.90). All SSS components except sclerosis met the overall and mean pairwise change score ICC acceptability thresholds—backfill: overall = 0.54, mean pairwise = 0.50; fat metaplasia: overall = 0.65, mean pairwise = 0.57; erosion: overall = 0.60, mean pairwise = 0.58; and ankylosis: overall = 0.96, mean pairwise = 0.96. The SSS RETIC module augmented the number of SSS components surpassing the acceptability threshold from 1 to 4. Sensitivity to change, as measured by the SRM, was large for erosion (0.96), moderate for backfill (0.55) and sclerosis (0.70), and small for fat metaplasia (0.36) and ankylosis (0.28).ConclusionRETIC modules improved the overall reliability of SPARCC SIS and SSS change scores for previously calibrated raters. SIS recalibration was not as helpful to the most experienced raters who achieved high levels of agreement before recalibration. The SPARCC SIS and all SSS components except sclerosis are reliable measures to quantify change over time in children. A pediatric-specific RETIC tool should be developed to enhance the calibration of readers.
ACE inhibitors in SSc patients display a risk factor for scleroderma renal crisis—a EUSTAR analysis
Authors:   on behalf of EUSTAR collaborators, Bütikofer Lukas , Varisco Pierre A. , Distler O. , Kowal-Bielecka O. , Allanore Y. , Riemekasten G. , Villiger P. M. , Adler S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effect of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) on the incidence of scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) when given prior to SRC in the prospectively collected cohort from the European Scleroderma Trial and Research Group (EUSTAR).

Methods
SSc patients without prior SRC and at least one follow-up visit were included and analyzed regarding SRC, arterial hypertension, and medication focusing on antihypertensive medication and glucocorticoids (GC).

Results
Out of 14,524 patients in the database, we identified 7648 patients with at least one follow-up. In 27,450 person-years (py), 102 patients developed SRC representing an incidence of 3.72 (3.06–4.51) per 1000 py. In a multivariable time-to-event analysis adjusted for age, sex, disease severity, and onset, 88 of 6521 patients developed SRC. The use of ACEi displayed an increased risk for the development of SRC with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.55 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.65–3.95). Adjusting for arterial hypertension resulted in a HR of 2.04 (95%CI 1.29–3.24). There was no evidence for an interaction of ACEi and arterial hypertension (HR 0.83, 95%CI 0.32–2.13, p = 0.69). Calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), endothelin receptor antagonists, and GC—mostly in daily dosages below 15 mg of prednisolone—did not influence the hazard for SRC.

Conclusions
ACEi in SSc patients with concomitant arterial hypertension display an independent risk factor for the development of SRC but are still first choice in SRC treatment. ARBs might be a safe alternative, yet the overall safety of alternative antihypertensive drugs in SSc patients needs to be further studied.
AST/ALT ratio predicts the functional severity of chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Ewid Mohammed , Sherif Hossam , Allihimy Abdulaziz S. , Alharbi Shaima A. , Aldrewesh Dawood A. , Alkuraydis Sarah A. , Abazid Rami 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
Despite previous research that focused on liver transaminases as predictors of cardiovascular disease, there has been limited research evaluating the predictive value of AST/ALT ratio in patients with heart failure. We aimed to investigate AST/ALT ratio as an indicator of the functional severity in chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

Results
Overall, 105 patients previously diagnosed with HFrEF from Buraidah-Al Qassim province, Saudi Arabia were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Data on study variables, including demographic data, left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA class, and AST/ALT ratio, were collected from patients’ records. The patients were divided into two groups, namely group-1 (AST/ALT ratio < 1) and group-2 (AST/ALT ratio ≥ 1), to identify any differences in their cardiac function profiles. NYHA class and NT-proBNP were higher and LVEF was lower in group-2 than in group-1. We found a mild significant correlation between AST/ALT ratio and APRI, FIB-4 score, NYHA-class, and LVEF (r = 0.2, 0.25, 0.26, and − 0.24, respectively; P < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis model and ROC curve showed that AST/ALT ratio could independently predict HFrEF functional severity with a best cut-off value of 0.9, sensitivity of 43.6%, and specificity of 81.4%.