bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localisation of C=C Bond and absolute quantification of unsaturated Fatty Acids in Vegetable Oils based on photochemical derivatisation reaction coupled with mass spectrometry
Authors: Xu Shuling , Wei Fang , Xie Ya , Wu Bangfu , Lv Xin , Qin Zuojian , Chen Hong 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn this study, a strategy based on photochemical derivatisation and stable isotope labelling coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) for rapid and accurate identification and quantification of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in vegetable oils was developed. Acetone was employed to label double bond(s) of UFAs via Paternò–Büchi (PB) reaction. The acetone‐labelled UFAs could produce diagnostic ions specific to the locations of carbon–carbon double bond (C=C) in collision‐induced dissociation (CID), which enabled confident assignment of C=C locations in UFAs. Furthermore, absolute quantification was achieved by using d6‐acetone‐labelled UFAs as internal standard to minimise the quantitation deviation due to nonuniformity response and ion suppression effects. By exploiting this method, precise identification and quantification of UFAs in nine kinds of vegetable oils including three kinds of Chinese special vegetable oils were achieved. This method exhibits a powerful potential use for the localisation of C=C bond(s) and quantitative analysis of UFAs, which is valuable for discovery of unusual UFAs in special oils and crops, and quality control of edible oils.
Tentative zinc biofortification of banana fruit via bunch spray and bunch stalk feeding
Authors: de Assis Mateus Wagner Dantas , Leite Gustavo Walace Pacheco , Cunha Júnior Luis Carlos , Prado Renato de Mello , Amorim Edson Perito , dos Santos Neto João Paixão , de Carvalho Lívia Cirino , Teixeira Gustavo Henrique de Almeida 
Published: February 2020

SummaryDue to the importance of banana consumption in developing countries and producing zinc‐rich foods, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of banana bunch sprays and bunch stalk feeding with Zn aiming to biofortify this fruit. Zn sprays were carried out with a dose of 80 g ha−1 using ZnCl2 and ZnCl2 combined with a chelating agent in two banana cultivars (‘Maravilha’ and ‘FHIA 18’). Bunch stalk feeding with Zn was carried out by fixing plastic bags on the stem end containing solutions of ZnSO4 (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g L−1) in two banana cultivars (‘Williams’ and ‘Prata Anã’). Both strategies resulted in a maximum fruit Zn content of 0.14 mg 100 g−1. Although it was possible to increase the Zn content in banana fruit from ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Prata Anã’ cultivars, both strategies did not result in biofortified banana fruit with a Zn level which would fulfil the Zn dietary reference intake (DRI) of 2 mg dia−1 for children. Banana bunch sprays with Zn did not affect the fruit quality, but bunch stalk feeding with Zn resulted in fruits with lower ratio, pH and ascorbic acid content.
Fabrication and evaluation of physicochemical properties of probiotic edible film based on pectin–alginate–casein composite
Authors: Namratha Shaji , Sreejit Valiathan , Preetha Radhakrishnan 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe objective of this study was to develop a casein‐based edible film for the entrapment of probiotic Enterococcus faecium Rp1. Casein, pectin, sodium alginate and glycerol were used to prepare the film. In this study, the physicochemical and morphological properties of casein‐based edible film and its impact on the stability of probiotic were evaluated. Surface morphology and properties of the film were tested using a scanning electron microscope, fluorescence microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Probiotic‐incorporated casein‐based edible film showed significant improvement in the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and enhanced the structural, optical and thermal properties. Furthermore, the film was found to be desirable to carry probiotics, with the viability of 107 CFU mL−1 rate up to 30 days of storage at 4 °C. Hence, the current study suggests a probiotic‐incorporated casein‐based edible film for active packaging of food products.
Cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from potato peel for the development of active packaging film for enhancement of shelf life of raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) during frozen storage
Authors: Shruthy Ramesh , Jancy Stephen , Preetha Radhakrishnan 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn this study, the cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) isolated from potato peel were used for reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based active packaging film. The above film was used to pack the raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) at −20 °C, and the colour change, protein content, TVB‐N, TMA and microbial analysis were done at regular interval for prawns stored in CNP‐PVA active packaging film. A significant difference was observed in the quality of prawns stored in potato CNP‐PVA film compared with prawns packed and stored in polyethylene film. The newly designed active packaging with CNP and fennel seed oil enhanced the shelf life of prawns up to two months for both HOSO (head on shell on) prawn and PD (peeled and deveined) prawn. Hence, the study recommends the potato peel CNP‐PVA film with fennel seed oil as better choice to extend the shelf life of the prawns during storage compared with polyethylene packaging.
Maxwell relaxation time for nonexponential α‐relaxation phenomena in glassy systems
Authors: Doss Karan , Wilkinson Collin J. , Yang Yongjian , Lee Kuo‐Hao , Huang Liping , Mauro John C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe examine the mean relaxation time predicted by the Maxwell relation for stress and structural α‐relaxation phenomena. We express this relation using the Markov network framework and present an expression for the average relaxation time under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions that is rooted in the energy landscape of a material. We show thatstructuralrelaxation times calculated using the Maxwell relation must systematically underpredict the relaxation time. Finally, we report experimental evidence suggesting that the relaxation time obtained from shear viscosity measurements must correspond to astressrelaxation time.
Real‐world behavior of CRT pacing using the AdaptivCRT algorithm on patient outcomes: Effect on mortality and atrial fibrillation incidence
Authors: Singh Jagmeet P. , Cha Yong‐Mei , Lunati Maurizio , Chung Eugene S. , Li Shelby , Smeets Pascal , O'Donnell David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe AdaptivCRT (aCRT) algorithm continuously adjusts cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) according to intrinsic atrioventricular conduction, providing synchronized left ventricular pacing in patients with normal PR interval and adaptive BiV pacing in patients with prolonged PR interval. Previous analyses demonstrated an association between aCRT and clinical benefit. We evaluated the incidence of patient mortality and atrial fibrillation (AF) with aCRT compared with standard CRT in a real‐world population.Methods and ResultsPatients enrolled in the Medtronic Personalized CRT Registry and implanted with a CRT from 2013‐2018 were divided into aCRT ON or standard CRT groups based upon device‐stored data. A Frailty survival model was used to evaluate the potential survival benefit of aCRT, accounting for patient heterogeneity and center variability. Daily AF burden and first device‐detected AF episodes of various durations were recorded by the device during follow‐up.A total of 1814 CRT patients with no reported long‐standing AF history at implant were included. Mean follow‐up time was 26.1 ± 16.5 months and 1162 patients (64.1%) had aCRT ON. Patient survival probability at 36 months was 88.3% for aCRT ON and 83.7% for standard CRT (covariate‐adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53‐0.96, P = .028). Mean AF burden during follow‐up was consistently lower in aCRT ON patients compared with standard CRT. At 36 months, the probability of AF was lower in patients with aCRT ON, regardless of which AF definition threshold was applied (6 minutes‐30 days, all P < .001).ConclusionUse of the AdaptivCRT algorithm was associated with improved patient survival and lower incidence of AF in a real‐world, prospective, nonrandomized registry.
Risk of tuberculosis reactivation during interleukin‐17 inhibitor therapy for psoriasis: a systematic review
Authors: Fowler E. , Ghamrawi R.I. , Ghiam N. , Liao W. , Wu J.J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractImmunosuppressive therapies, effective in treating inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis, increase the risk of serious infections, such as tuberculosis (TB). For example, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha inhibitors significantly increase the risk of TB reactivation in patients with latent TB infection (LTBI), which has led clinicians to routinely test for TB prior to initiation of these medications. This protocol has since extended to other, newer immunomodulatory therapies for psoriasis, such as interleukin (IL)‐17 inhibitors, including secukinumab, ixekizumab and brodalumab. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether there is any evidence that IL‐17 inhibitor therapy for psoriasis increases the risk of TB reactivation. Using PubMed and EMBASE, our literature search resulted in 139 total articles. After manually reviewing each article for the discussion of IL‐17 inhibitors for psoriasis, with data originating from clinical trials, and assessment for incidence of TB reactivation, 23 articles met the full inclusion criteria for our review. Overall, we found no cases of TB reactivation in patients treated with IL‐17 inhibitors for psoriasis. This suggests that IL‐17 inhibitors may be safely used in psoriasis patients with LTBI who receive appropriate LTBI treatment. However, long‐term real‐world studies are warranted to further evaluate this risk.
Plasticity of the skeleton and skeletal deformities in zebrafish (Danio rerio) linked to rearing density
Authors: Martini Arianna , Huysseune Ann , Witten P. Eckhard , Boglione Clara 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio), an established model for human skeletal diseases, is reared under controlled conditions with defined parameters for temperature and photoperiod. Studies aimed at defining the proper rearing density have been performed with regard to behavioural and physiological stress response, sex ratio and reproduction. Studies concerning the effect of rearing density on the skeletal phenotype are lacking. This study analyses the response of the skeleton to different rearing densities and describes the skeletal deformities. Wild‐type zebrafish were reared up to 30 dpf (days post‐fertilization) in a common environment. From 30 to 90 dpf, animals were reared at three different densities: high density (HD), 32 fish l–1; medium density (MD), 8 fish l–1 and low density (LD), 2 fish l–1. Animals at 30 and 90 dpf were collected and whole‐mount stained with Alizarin red S to visualize mineralized tissues. The entire skeleton was analysed for meristic counts and 172 types of deformities. The results showed that the rearing density significantly influenced the specimens’ average standard length, which decreased with the increase in the rearing density. Differences in meristic counts among the three groups were not observed. Rearing density–independent malformations affected the ribs, neural arches and the spines of the abdominal region, as well as vertebrae of the caudal complex. The HD group showed the highest number of deformities per specimen, the highest number of observed types of deformities and, together with the MD group, the highest frequency of specimens affected by severe deformities. In particular, the HD group showed deformities affecting arches, spines and vertebral centra in the caudal region of the vertebral column. This study provides evidence of an effect of the rearing density on the development of different skeletal phenotypes.
Is there still a place for deep chemical peels in the treatment of perioral wrinkles?
Authors: Costa Izelda Maria Carvalho , Peres Amanda Silva , Costa Mariana Carvalho , Figueira Renata Borges Fortes da Costa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBaker‐Gordon formula phenol chemical peel remains the most effective and long‐lasting treatment for deep facial lines. However, this treatment is associated with risk of serious complications, such as arrhythmias and dystrophic scars. With the emergence of new and safer technologies for facial rejuvenation, such as fractionated carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers and microneedling, there has been a decrease in the use of deep chemical peels. This raises the question of whether there is still a place for deep phenol chemical peels. In this sense, we present a successful case of using Baker‐Gordon formula phenol chemical peel at the perioral region for treating advanced wrinkles. This technique is called "Regional Phenol Peeling" and is safer than the use of the formula applied to the entire face, since it does not need systemic monitoring.
How Skilled Are Security Analysts?
Authors: CRANE ALAN , CROTTY KEVIN 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe majority of security analysts are identified as skilled when the cross‐section of analyst performance is modeled as a mixture of multiple skill distributions. Analysts exhibit heterogeneous skill—some are high‐type, and some are low‐type. On average, the recommendation revisions of both types exhibit positive abnormal returns. The heterogeneity stems from differential ability to produce new information; all analysts can profitably process news. Top analysts outperform because more of their recommendations are influential (i.e., associated with statistically significant returns) and both their influential and noninfluential recommendations are more informative. A majority of research firms are also identified as skilled.
How Exhausting!? Emotion Crossover in Organizational Social Networks
Authors: Zagenczyk Thomas J. , Powell E. Erin , Scott Kristin L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDoes emotional exhaustion cross over between employees? Departing from the traditional within‐person view, we draw on the crossover model to argue and test an interpersonal model of emotional exhaustion. We conducted a sociocentric social network study in a U.S. construction company and found that employees had similar levels of emotional exhaustion to co‐workers with whom they had interaction and advice ties and structurally equivalent network positions, but that they did not have similar emotional exhaustion to friends or supervisors. We advance scholarly understanding of emotion crossover by theorizing and simultaneously testing important organizationally structured patterns of interaction and transfer previously unexamined, examined only in isolation or examined in a piecemeal manner. Our results highlight the importance of exploring the influence of structural and relational patterns embedded in the organization’s formal and informal structures and provide a theoretical and methodological platform to advance our understanding of crossover, emotional contagion and important outcomes at work.
Leader Emergence in Nascent Venture Teams: The Critical Roles of Individual Emotion Regulation and Team Emotions
Authors: Sirén Charlotta , He Vivianna Fang , Wesemann Henrik , Jonassen Zoe , Grichnik Dietmar , von Krogh Georg 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study advances a theory of how different aspects of emotion regulation influence individual leader emergence in the intensely emotional context of nascent venture teams. Despite the growing amount of research on the role of leadership in the entrepreneurial process, the emergence of leaders in nascent venture teams has rarely been explored. Drawing on theories and research on leadership emergence and emotion regulation, we argue that the two aspects of emotion regulation (i.e., reappraisal and suppression) exert opposite effects on the degree to which nascent venture team members come to perceive an individual as a leader. We also theorize that team emotions arising from affective events moderate the relationship between reappraisal and leader emergence in such teams. Data from 103 nascent venture teams without prior leaders show a negative relationship between individuals’ trait disposition to suppress emotions and their emergence as leaders, and a positive relationship between their trait disposition to reappraise emotions and their emergence as leaders. Moreover, we find that negative team emotions magnify the positive association between reappraisal and leader emergence, while positive team emotions mitigate it. We discuss the implications of our findings for the literature on entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial emotions, and leadership in general.
Melatonin rhythm and other outputs of the master circadian clock in the desert goat (Capra hircus) are entrained by daily cycles of ambient temperature
Authors: Farsi Hicham , Harti Driss , Achaâban Mohamed R. , Piro Mohammed , Raverot Véronique , Bothorel Béatrice , Ouassat Mohammed , Challet Etienne , Pévet Paul , El Allali Khalid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn desert areas, mammals such as camel and goat are exposed to harsh environmental conditions. The ambient temperature (Ta) cycles have been shown to entrain the circadian clock in the camel. In the present work, we assumed that, in the goat living in a desert biotope, Ta cycles would have the same synchronizing effect on the central clock. Therefore, the effects of Ta cycles on body temperature (Tb), locomotor activity (LA) and melatonin (Mel) rhythms as outputs of the master circadian clock have been studied. The study was performed on bucks kept first under constant conditions of total darkness (DD) and constant Ta, then maintained under DD conditions but exposed to Ta cycles with heat period during subjective day and cold period during subjective night. Finally, the Ta cycles were reversed with highest temperatures during the subjective night and the lowest temperatures during the subjective day. Under constant conditions, the circadian rhythms of Tb and LA were free running with an endogenous period of 25.3 and 25.0 hours, respectively. Ta cycles entrained the rhythms of Tb and LA to a period of exactly 24.0 hours; while when reversed, the Ta cycles led to an inversion of Tb and LA rhythms. Similarly, Ta cycles were also able to entrain Mel rhythm, by adjusting its secretion to the cooling phase before and after Ta cycles inversion. All together, these results show that the Ta cycles entrain the master circadian clock in the goat.
Risk‐Taking by Young People in Late Adolescence Increases When They Perceive the Possibility of Their Peer “Observing Someday”
Authors: Moriizumi Shingo , Usui Shinnosuke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis experimental study on risk‐taking by young people in their late adolescence was carried out from the perspective of peer effect. A gambling task was administered to 42 young people under the following experiment conditions: with or without the possibility that the experiment results would be disclosed at some time to their peers and information about their peers being more or less risk‐oriented. The results showed that when it was suggested that the experiment results would be disclosed in some time and when the peer was perceived as more risk‐oriented, there was a peer effect. However, when the peer was perceived as less risk‐oriented, no peer effect occurred. The findings of this study confirmed that, while there is some room for further testing, when it was suggested that the experiment result might be disclosed to the peer, even under a condition in which only a single participant was involved, there was a peer effect, unlike in previous studies.
Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares
Authors: Padalino Barbara , Davis Georgina L. , Raidal Sharanne L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransportation has been suggested as a risk factor for gastric ulceration in horses, but limited evidence supports this assumption.AnimalsTwenty‐six Standardbred, Thoroughbred, and Warmblood mares from a university teaching herd.MethodsTwelve mares were confined for 12 hours, overnight, in reproductive stocks with indwelling nasogastric tubes (NGTs) to assess pH of gastric fluid (GF). Gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after confinement. Subsequently, 26 horses were transported for 12 hours, overnight, in 2 consignments. During transportation, GF was aspirated from indwelling NGT placed in the same 12 mares used in the confinement study, and gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after transportation in all horses.ResultsThe median pH of GF in confined horses was 1.70‐2.49 at each sampling point, and there was no apparent effect on gastric squamous ulcer scores. The median pH of GF from the same 12 horses at corresponding sampling times during transportation was 6.82‐7.22. Transportation was associated with increased gastric squamous ulcer scores, particularly in horses fasted for gastroscopy and NGT placement immediately before departure. Gastric emptying appeared delayed after transportation in horses fed before departure.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTransportation is associated with increased gastric squamous ulceration and with increased pH of GF. These findings may be a consequence of impaired gastric emptying and reflux of alkaline small intestinal content, with factors such as duodenal bile salts and short‐chain fatty acids mediating mucosal injury.
On Aporetics and Apophatics: The Descriptive Metaphysics of Donald MacKinnon
Authors: Delport Khegan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article analyzes the dependencies of Donald MacKinnon on Aristotle and Immanuel Kant, particularly as regards to his ‘descriptive metaphysics’. MacKinnon remains indebted to an Aristotelian aporetics of ‘substance’ that at once emphasizes the irrepressible particularity of entities, while simultaneously not resolving the tension between specific description and universal categories of meaning. This insight was contemporaneously mediated for MacKinnon through his reception of G.E. Moore, and especially in the way that his critique of Bradleyian ‘internal relations’ attempted to retain ‘individuality’ over against the collapse of objects into relational determinations. Kant’s transcendental apriorism had a similar function for MacKinnon, although now with the added novelty of synthetic judgments which are adduced by Kant to grasp those imaginative totalities that were needed to garner ‘experience’ within the limits of reason alone. The article traces Kant’s deepening impression on MacKinnon with respect to ontological analogy, showing through a theological genealogy how MacKinnon gradually becomes disenchanted with the analogia entis – a move which is dependent on a critique of Platonic methexis. In MacKinnon’s mind, analogical metaphysics remains predicated on an intuitional account of being that transcends the critical strictures asserted by Kant, and moreover relies upon a questionable reading of ‘being‐as‐predicate’. This constitutes MacKinnon’s reception of a Kantian apophatics. The article concludes by suggesting that MacKinnon could have been better served in his attempt to collate historicity and metaphysics by retaining the analogical participation, and by supplementing his realism with a broadly Hegelian approach to the development of knowledge. Moreover, his Kantianism probably does not assist him as regards a re‐articulation of the via negativa insofar as it remains in a diastasis between anthropocentricism and a transcendentally‐formal sublime.