bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral nerve neurolymphomatosis: Clinical features, treatment, and outcomes
Authors: Keddie Stephen , Nagendran Arjuna , Cox Tom , Bomsztyk Joshua , Jaunmuktane Zane , Brandner Sebastian , Manji Hadi , Rees Jeremy H. , Ramsay Alan D. , Rossor Alexander , D'Sa Shirley , Reilly Mary M. , Carr Aisling S. , Lunn Michael P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroduction: This series characterises nine patients with neurohistopathologically proven peripheral nerve neurolymphomatosis. Methods: A search of the hospital neuropathology database from 2002 to 2019 identified biopsy proven cases. Clinical data, investigation modalities, treatments, and outcomes were collated. Median age at neuropathy onset was 47 y, the neuropathy commonly as the initial lymphoma disease manifestation. Most (8/9) presented with painful asymmetrical sensory disturbance, with additional cranial nerve involvement in three. Neurophysiology typically demonstrated multiple axonal mononeuropathies. Cerebrospinal fluid protein was often raised (6/8). Magnetic resonance imaging suggested peripheral nerve infiltration in 6/9 and positron emission tomography CT in 4/9. Bone marrow biopsy was abnormal in 6/8. Treatment involved systemic or intrathecal chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Median survival was 23 mo. Discussion: Neurolymphomatosis is a rare but important cause of neuropathy, particularly in those lacking systemic evidence of lymphoma as correct aggressive treatment can prolong survival. Nerve biopsy is essential to classify lymphoma type and rule out alternatives.
OpenBNG: Central office network functions on programmable data plane hardware
Authors: Kundel Ralf , Nobach Leonhard , Blendin Jeremias , Maas Wilfried , Zimber Andreas , Kolbe Hans‐Joerg , Schyguda Georg , Gurevich Vladimir , Hark Rhaban , Koldehofe Boris , Steinmetz Ralf 
Published: August 2020

SummaryTelecommunication providers continuously evolve their network infrastructure by increasing performance, lowering time to market, providing new services, and reducing the cost of the infrastructure and its operation. Network function virtualization (NFV) on commodity hardware offers an attractive, low‐cost platform to establish innovations much faster than with purpose‐built hardware products. Unfortunately, implementing NFV on commodity processors does not match the performance requirements of the high‐throughput data plane components in large carrier access networks. Therefore, programmable hardware architectures like field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), network processors, and switch silicon supporting the flexibility of the P4 language offer a promising way to account for both performance requirements and the demand to quickly introduce innovations into networks. In this article, we propose a way to offer residential network access with programmable packet processing architectures. On the basis of the highly flexible P4 programming language, we present a design and open source implementation of a broadband network gateway (BNG) data plane that meets the challenging demands of BNGs in carrier‐grade environments. In addition, we introduce a concept of hybrid openBNG design, realizing the required hierarchical quality of service (HQoS) functionality in a subsequent FPGA. The proposed evaluation results show the desired performance characteristics, and our proposed design together with upcoming P4 hardware can offer a giant leap towards highest performance NFV network access.
Diary for self‐observation: A self‐management tool for recipients of lung transplantation—A pilot study
Authors: Evald Laura , Graarup Jytte , Højskov Ida Elisabeth 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo (a) explore how the diary contributes to patient motivation for monitoring self‐management and (b) explore the nurses' experience of how the diary supports the patients' self‐management after lung transplantation.DesignA quantitative and qualitative study design.MethodsFifteen patients and four nurses participated. Data were analysed descriptively and thematically.ResultsThis pilot study shows that the diary strengthens patients' self‐management in the first postoperative period. Nurses were confident that the patients were structured about self‐observation when using the diary.
Characterizing bird‐keeping user‐groups on Java reveals distinct behaviours, profiles and potential for change
Authors: Marshall Harry , Collar Nigel J. , Lees Alexander C. , Moss Andrew , Yuda Pramana , Marsden Stuart J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Over 70 million cage‐birds are kept across 12 million households on the island of Java, Indonesia, fuelling serious concerns for the health of regional wild bird populations. Understanding the behaviours, preferences and demographic profiles of bird‐keepers will guide attempts to reduce demand for wild birds and hence the impact of trade on wild populations and their host ecosystems.

We profile three songbird‐keeping user‐groups based on interviews of nearly one thousand people across Java: hobbyists, who own birds primarily as pets; contestants, who own birds to enter in singing contests; and breeders, who own birds to breed and train for resale or as a pastime.

User‐groups diverged in their bird‐keeping habits and preferences. Hobbyists tended to own small numbers of inexpensive and typically native birds, while contestants and breeders owned larger numbers of often valuable birds. Hobbyists were far less likely to consider origin when buying a bird, owned a larger proportion of both potentially wild‐caught and globally threatened birds, but showed no preference for any taxon. By contrast, owning relatively large numbers of lovebirds Agapornis spp. and Zebra Doves Geopelia striata were key characteristics of contestants, while breeders owned the largest number of birds and species, in particular White‐rumped Shamas Kittacincla malabarica. Within a 2‐year period, user‐group membership was fluid, with much transitioning between non‐bird ownership and hobbyists, recruitment of non‐bird owners to contestants and movement both in and out of the breeder group.

Our study provides behavioural change efforts with demographic and geographic profiles to target bird‐keepers, who tended to be more affluent and urban and to live in the eastern provinces. Among bird‐keepers, hobbyists tended to be middle‐aged and lived in the western provinces, contestants were younger urban bird‐keepers employed in business and breeders were commoner in the eastern provinces, reflecting the cultural importance of bird‐keeping among the Javanese.

Efforts to increase the sustainability of bird‐keeping in Java should focus on emphasizing the importance of captive‐bred birds, in particular to hobbyists, the largest user‐group, whose bird‐keeping behaviour poses the biggest threat to wild bird populations, whilst also incentivizing legitimate breeding enterprises among contestants and breeders.
Retrospective study of hematologic complications in patients with slow‐flow vascular malformations undergoing sclerotherapy
Authors: Ricci Kiersten W. , Chute Carol , Hammill Adrienne M. , Dasgupta Roshni , Patel Manish 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSlow‐flow vascular malformations (SFVM) are associated with localized intravascular coagulopathy (LIC), which is characterized by elevated D‐dimer and, when severe, hypofibrinogenemia. LIC results in intralesional clotting and hemorrhage and increases risk for significant thrombotic and bleeding complications. Sclerotherapy has been a suggested potential trigger for LIC worsening to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Hematologic complications of sclerotherapy in SFVM, along with low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) used to prevent worsening LIC, are largely unstudied.ProcedureMedical records of patients with SFVM and LIC who underwent sclerotherapy at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center from July 2008 to December 2016 were reviewed for periprocedural hematologic complications. LMWH dose, frequency, and course length were evaluated.ResultsFifty‐nine patients with SFVM and LIC underwent 281 sclerotherapy procedures, of which 86% were in children. Eighty‐five percent of patients received periprocedural LMWH, although at various doses and course lengths. No thrombotic complications occurred in children. One adult on LMWH developed pulmonary emboli after sclerotherapy. No major bleeding complications occurred postoperatively. In four patients, fibrinogen dropped below 100 mg/dL post‐sclerotherapy, requiring cryoprecipitate. One patient required packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusion for sclerotherapy‐induced hemolysis. No intraoperative bleeding or thrombotic events occurred.ConclusionLMWH use, at subtherapeutic dosing, was common in this patient population and did not appear to increase risk of significant bleeding before, during, or after sclerotherapy. In children with SFVM, bleeding and thrombotic complications after sclerotherapy appear rare. Although safe, prospective studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of LMWH to prevent worsening coagulopathy with procedures.
Age‐appropriate multidisciplinary approach to young children with cancer undergoing radiotherapy: The SIESTA procedure
Authors: Clerici Carlo Alfredo , Ferrari Andrea , Pecori Emilia , Diletto Barbara , Alessandro Ombretta , Pagani Bagliacca Elena , Veneroni Laura , Podda Marta Giorgia , Poli Andrea , Boni Eleonora , Gasparini Patrizia , Carabelli Gabriele , Frasca Sarah , Massimino Maura , Gandola Lorenza 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA standardized multidisciplinary step‐by‐step approach to improve the compliance of young (or difficult) children having to undergo radiotherapy was described and applied. The procedure is called SIESTA, which stands for show‐imagination‐evaluation‐support‐treatment‐anesthesia. Preliminary assessments suggest that the SIESTA approach was effective: the rate of young patients (≤6 years) requiring anesthesia decreased from 27% (14/52 cases) in 2011‐2012 (before the procedure was adopted) to 13% (6/46) in 2018.
Micro‐flow model with a new algorithm of random fiber distribution over the transverse cross‐section
Authors: Liu Junling , Chen Li , Xie Junbo , Lin Ziyuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA new algorithm to rapidly create representative volume elements (RVE) with random fibers distribution of high volume fractional was proposed. Derived from the classical hard core algorithm, and the “molecular force” effect was introduced to eliminate the irreversibility of the generation process. The new algorithm can create fiber microstructures with constant or random radius, and the volume fraction can reach 80% and 85% respectively. The stochastic statistical analysis of the generated fiber distribution shows that the generated microstructure is completely consistent with the spatial random distribution. Micro‐flow analysis was performed using the generated RVE, predicting the transverse permeability of the fiber tow, and the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results. A simple method for creating RVE with random distribution of fibers was provided for the micro‐mechanical analysis of composite materials.
Time‐related biases in pharmacoepidemiology
Authors: Suissa Samy , Dell'Aniello Sophie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeObservational studies using computerized healthcare databases have become popular to investigate the potential effectiveness of old drugs for new indications. Many of these studies reporting remarkable effectiveness were shown to be affected by different time‐related biases. We describe these biases and illustrate their effects using a cohort of patients treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsThe Quebec healthcare databases were used to form a cohort of 124 030 patients with COPD, 50 years or older, treated between 2000 and 2015. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long‐acting bronchodilators were used as exposures, with diverse outcomes, including lung cancer, acute myocardial infarction and death, to illustrate protopathic, latency time, immortal time, time‐window, depletion of susceptibles, and immeasurable time biases.ResultsProtopathic bias affected bronchodilator‐defined cohort entry with an incident rate of lung cancer of 23.9 per 1000 in the first year, compared with around 12.0 in the subsequent years. When latency and immortal times were misclassified, ICS were associated with decreased incidence of lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 0.32; 95% CI: 0.30‐0.34), compared with 0.50 (95% CI: 0.48‐0.53) after correcting for immortal time bias and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.91‐1.02) after also correcting for latency time bias. Time‐window, depletion of susceptibles and immeasurable time biases also affected the findings similarly.ConclusionsMany observational studies of new indications for older drugs reporting unrealistic effectiveness were affected by avoidable time‐related biases. The apparent effectiveness often disappears with proper design and analysis. Future studies should consider these time‐related issues to avoid severely biased results.
A single‐population GWAS identified AtMATE expression level polymorphism caused by promoter variants is associated with variation in aluminum tolerance in a local Arabidopsis population
Authors: Nakano Yuki , Kusunoki Kazutaka , Maruyama Haruka , Enomoto Takuo , Tokizawa Mutsutomo , Iuchi Satoshi , Kobayashi Masatomo , Kochian Leon V. , Koyama Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Yuriko 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOrganic acids (OA) are released from roots in response to aluminum (Al), conferring an Al tolerance to plants that is regulated by OA transporters such as ALMT (Al‐activated malate transporter) and multi‐drug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE). We have previously reported that the expression level polymorphism (ELP) of AtALMT1 is strongly associated with variation in Al tolerance among natural accessions of Arabidopsis. However, although AtMATE is also expressed following Al exposure and contributes to Al tolerance, whether AtMATE contributes to the variation of Al tolerance and the molecular mechanisms of ELP remains unclear. Here, we dissected the natural variation in AtMATE expression level in response to Al at the root using diverse natural accessions of Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that more than half of accessions belonging to the Central Asia (CA) population show markedly low AtMATE expression levels, while the majority of European populations show high expression levels. The accessions of the CA population with low AtMATE expression also show significantly weakened Al tolerance. A single‐population genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of AtMATE expression in the CA population identified a retrotransposon insertion in the AtMATE promoter region associated with low gene expression levels. This may affect the transcriptional regulation of AtMATE by disrupting the effect of a cis‐regulatory element located upstream of the insertion site, which includes AtSTOP1 (sensitive to proton rhizotoxicity 1) transcription factor‐binding sites revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation‐qPCR analysis. Furthermore, the GWAS performed without the accessions expressing low levels of AtMATE, excluding the effect of AtMATE promoter polymorphism, identified several candidate genes potentially associated with AtMATE expression.
Historical overview of facility siting
Authors: Grounds Cheryl , Moosemiller Mike , Thomas James Kelly 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOver the years, the term “facility siting” has had many meanings, has been conducted for varying, but related purposes, and has been performed with ever‐increasing degrees of sophistication following the advancement in computing capabilities. This paper describes the history of facility siting in terms of the industry events, resulting regulations and standards, improvements in modeling techniques, and expansion of computing power that have driven the changes.
Geographic mobility among older people and their adult children: The role of parents' health issues and family ties
Authors: Artamonova Alyona , Gillespie Brian Joseph , Brandén Maria 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis research examines the relationship between older parents' health issues and (i) their relocations closer to their faraway adult children, (ii) their relocations into institutionalised care facilities, or (iii) having distant children move closer. Additionally, we investigate how these relocations are structured by children's gender and location. We focused on parents aged 80 years and older and their distant children. Multinomial logistic regression models were employed for older men and women based on data from administrative registers of Sweden. Whereas severe health problems were associated with an increased likelihood of parent relocations closer to their children or into institutions, they were not associated with the likelihood of children's moves towards parents. Mothers were more likely to move towards daughters or towards distant children who had at least one sibling living nearby. Children moved closer to their parents when there was at least one sibling living near the parent or in response to their own life circumstances.
Is China's public housing programme destined to fail? Evidence from the city of Changsha
Authors: Xu Ying , Luo Dan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince 2011, China has implemented a large‐scale public housing programme, constructing tens of millions of apartments to cope with increasing housing shortages and difficulties. Using the case study of Changsha, this study explored the likely fate of this inchoate but significant social policy initiative. We propose a ghettoisation framework for the underlying and interrelated socio‐economic mechanisms that produce and maintain the problem‐ridden public housing development. By applying the analysis framework, this study assessed the status of physical, economic and social decay in public rental housing in Changsha. It is concluded that Chinese public housing projects foster physical dilapidation, economic deprivation and social marginalisation and, at the extreme, may be turned into urban ghettos similar to those found in many other countries, if this downward spiral of physical, economic and social decay persists. Chinese city governments have been aware of the physical dilapidation of public rental housing and have endeavoured with physical improvement and upgradation and government procurement of operation and management services. However, these endeavours are doomed to eventually be fruitless without systematic amelioration of economic and social decay. This study can be applied to worldwide cities with public housing development programmes, by guiding policymakers to advocate for concentrated efforts in problem‐ridden projects and for broader, system‐wide reforms to prevent the worst case scenario of ghettoisation.
Fabrication of (C4H9)4NPZnW11‐TiO2/PANI as an Efficient Nanocatalyst for Dye Degradation
Authors: Aghbolagh Zahra Shokri , Khorrami Mohammad Reza Khanmohammadi , Rahmatyan Mohammad Saim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, (C4H9)4NPZnW11‐TiO2/PANI was synthesized as an efficient catalyst for dye decolorization of C16H18ClN3S (MB) from aqueous solution. The catalyst was successfully prepared using the reaction of quaternary ammonium salt of zinc (II)‐substituted Keggin‐type polyoxometalate [(C4H9)4N]PZnW11O39, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and polyaniline (PANI) at room temperature under sonication conditions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to obtain maximum dye degradation and to determine the significance of the variables on the decolorization system under static conditions. The main parameters affecting decolorization efficiency on dye degradation, including process temperature (25–35 °C), catalyst dosage (0.001–0.006 gr), and reaction time (5–15 minutes), were investigated in detail. The optimum decolorization conditions were identified to be a temperature of 30 °C, catalyst dosage of 0.006 gr, and 14 minutes process time, giving an experimental dye removal value of 89.1%. The high regression coefficient between the variables and the response (R2=0.9642) displayed a good evaluation of the experimental results by polynomial regression model.
The Cycle Characteristics of Slurries in Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) of Fused Silica
Authors: Kang Chengxi , Gao Bin , Guo Dan , Luo Haimei , Pan Guoshun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe role of the polishing slurry is crucial in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of fused silica (FS). Researching on cycle characteristics of slurry contributes to exploring the deterioration mechanism and prolonging the service time. In this paper, cycle characteristics of colloidal silica slurry and ceria slurry applied in CMP of FS were investigated when the two slurries were recycled for 53 and 42 hours, respectively. The changes of the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Rq) of FS were analyzed, and the material removal mechanism of both slurries had been discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to interpret the changes of the slurry characteristics. The results indicate that with the increase of recycling time, decrease of pH value and increase of solid content are two common factors which affected MRR improvement for both two kinds of slurries. For colloidal silica slurry, the Rq value fluctuates probably due to unchanged sizes and deformed shapes of SiO2. For ceria slurry, the Rq value increases probably due to the size reduction of ceria particles.
Comparison of Selective Catalytic Reduction Performance of Mn–Co Bi‐Metal Oxides Prepared by Different Methods
Authors: Yang Chen , Tang Xiaolong , Yi Honghong , Gao Fengyu , Zhao Shunzheng , Zhang Runcao , Zhu Wenjuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, the low dimensional flake Mn4Co1Ox composite oxides were prepared by four different methods (hydrothermal, template, co‐precipitation and one‐step, noted as HS, TM, OP and OS, respectively) and used for the ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH3‐SCR) at low temperatures. The results showed that the activity of the catalysts decreased in the sequence: Mn4Co1Ox‐HS > Mn4Co1Ox‐TM > Mn4Co1Ox‐OP> Mn4Co1Ox‐OS. The activity of the best catalyst (Mn4Co1Ox‐HS) was nearly 100 % NO conversion in the temperature range of 75–250 °C and the N2 selectivity remained above 50 % even at 250 °C. Mn4Co1Ox‐TM catalyst also maintained the NO conversion more than 90 % in the range of 100–250 °C, but the N2 selectivity was poor. The catalytic activity of the other two catalysts was slightly lower than the above two catalysts. Based on the comprehensive characterization, it was found that the Mn4Co1Ox‐HS catalyst had a higher NH3 adsorption and activation capacity, which was attributed to the higher surface area caused by its approximately two‐dimensional folded layered structure leading to more active sites. Meanwhile, it was rich in the surface acid sites, Mn3+, Co3+ and surface oxygen in the Mn−Co spinel structure, thus giving strong acidity and good redox capacity.