bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of postoperative effectiveness of less invasive short external rotator sparing approach versus standard posterior approach for total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Tianbao , Zhou Yongwei , Li Xiaofei , Gao Siqi , Yang Qining 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies assessing corrective posterior total hip arthroplasty (THA) mostly focused on the mini-incision approach, with few exploring the short external rotator sparing approach. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of standard posterior approach versus short external rotator sparing approach.
Methods
This prospective observational study included patients treated in the Orthopedics Department of Jinhua Central Hospital in 06/2017-06/2018. Patient grouping was based on the surgical methods. Surgical data were recorded postoperatively. Postoperative hip joint recovery was assessed by the times to ambulation and independent stair use, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score and Harris score and Oxford hip score (OHS) at 2 and 8 postoperative weeks. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used for postoperative pain assessment.
Results
Postoperative changes of creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, CRP, and prosthesis position were similar in both groups. However, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative 6-h drainage volume, hospital stay, and blood transfusion rate were significantly reduced in the corrective (short external rotator sparing) group, as well as times to ambulation and independent stair use. Oxford and WOMAC scores in both groups decreased significantly postoperatively. The VAS score was more overtly decreased postoperatively in the corrective group compared with the standard group.
Conclusions
The corrective THA causes less damage and reduces perioperative blood loss, shortening functional recovery time, maintaining prosthesis stability and improving pain postoperatively.
Acute Transverse Myelitis After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Rare Complicated Case of Rapid Onset Paraplegia in a Male Veteran&nbsp;
Authors: Hazrati Ebrahim , Farahani Ramin Hamidi , Asl Amir Nezami , Shahali Hamze 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a new human pathogen, and currently, the world has been plagued by its pandemic and there are no specific treatment options, mostly affects the respiratory system, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), but extra respiratory multi-systemic involvement has also been reported.Case presentation: A 63-yr-old Caucasian male veteran (retired army colonel), known case of controlled Type 2 diabetes, chronic renal failure and ischemic heart disease, about 4 days after the onset of flu-like syndrome (with no trauma history) experienced loss of control over both lower limbs, absent sensation from the chest below with constipation and urinary retention. Due to world SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) outbreak, his nasopharyngeal specimen was tested for COVID-19 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and positive result obtained. Chest x-ray and HRCT suggested severe pulmonary involvement. Immediately, he was admitted at emergency ward, treated based national COVID-19 protocol and a series of diagnostic procedures were started up to find out the cause of his non-heterogeneous peripheral (spinal) neuromuscular manifestations. Brain CT scan and MRI were normal, but spinal MRI with gadolinium contrast agent showing extensive increased T2 signal involves central grey matter and dorsal columns, extension between C7 and T12 with linear sagittally oriented enhancement posteriorly within the cord in the mid and lower thoracic cord. The CSF specimen obtained from LP shown pleocytosis, positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and elevated IgG index. Clinical presentations, MRI, CSF and laboratory findings, after ruled out the other numerous possible causes with specific methods, suggested the Acute Transverse Myelitis (ATM) as a probably complication of COVID-19 infection. Intravenous methylprednisolone and then human immunoglobulin was added to treatment regimen. At the end, complete resolution of dysaesthesia, urinary retention and constipation were achieved. After continuous and long respiratory and motor rehabilitation programs, he was discharged home asymptomatic. Conclusions: We believe that SARS-CoV-2 has a potential to produces different extra respiratory multi-systemic involvement as immune-mediated process and complexes, and this should be kept in mind whenever encounter a patient with acute onset of neurological manifestations, especially after microbial infections or vaccinations.
Yield of Tumor Samples With a Large Guide-sheath in Endobronchial Ultrasound Transbronchial Biopsy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study
Authors: Katsurada Naoko , Tachihara Motoko , Jimbo Naoe , Yamamoto Masatsugu , Yoshioka Junya , Mimura Chihiro , Satoh Hiroki , Furukawa Koichi , Otoshi Takehiro , Kiriu Tatsunori , Yasuda Yuichiro , Tanaka Tomonori , Nagano Tatsuya , Nishimura Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Adequate tumor tissue is required to make the best treatment choice for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Transbronchial biopsy (TBB) by endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) is useful to diagnose peripheral lung lesions. The data of tumor cell numbers obtained by two different sizes of GSs is limited. We conducted this study to investigate the utility of a large GS kit to obtain many tumor cells in patients with NSCLC.Methods: Patients with a peripheral lung lesion and suspected of NSCLC were prospectively enrolled. They underwent TBB with a 5.9-mm diameter bronchoscope with a large GS. When the lesion was invisible in EBUS, we changed to a thinner bronchoscope and TBB was performed with a small GS. We compared the tumor cell numbers prospectively obtained with a large GS (prospective large GS group) and those previously obtained with a small GS (small GS cohort). The primary endpoint was the tumor cell number per glass slide, and we assessed characteristics of lesions that could be obtained by TBB with large GS.Results: Biopsy with large GS was performed in 55 of 87 patients (63.2%), and 37 were diagnosed with NSCLC based on histological samples. The mean number of tumor cells per glass slide of the large GS group tended to be more than that of the small GS cohort (658±553 vs. 532±526, p=0.32). The mean sample size of the large GS group was significantly larger than that of the small GS cohort (1.75 mm2 vs. 0.83 mm2, p<0.001). The lesion involving a third or less bronchus generation was predictive factors using large GS.Conclusions: TBB with large GS may provide more tumor cells than that with small GS. The 5.9-mm diameter bronchoscope with large GS can be used for lesions involving a third or less bronchus generation.(Trial registration number: UMIN 000032599, date of registration: August 22, 2018, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000036780)
A hybrid quantum-classical conditional generative adversarial network algorithm for human-centered paradigm in cloud
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Zhang Ying , Deng Zhiliang , Zhao Jiaojiao , Tong Lian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As an emerging field that aims to bridge the gap between human activities and computing systems, human-centered computing (HCC) in cloud, edge, fog has had a huge impact on the artificial intelligence algorithms. The quantum generative adversarial network (QGAN) is considered to be one of the quantum machine learning algorithms with great application prospects, which also should be improved to conform to the human-centered paradigm. The generation process of QGAN is relatively random and the generated model does not conform to the human-centered concept, so it is not quite suitable for real scenarios. In order to solve these problems, a hybrid quantum-classical conditional generative adversarial network (QCGAN) algorithm is proposed, which is a knowledge-driven human-computer interaction computing mode in cloud. The purpose of stabilizing the generation process and the interaction between human and computing process is achieved by inputting conditional information in the generator and discriminator. The generator uses the parameterized quantum circuit with an all-to-all connected topology, which facilitates the tuning of network parameters during the training process. The discriminator uses the classical neural network, which effectively avoids the ”input bottleneck” of quantum machine learning. Finally, the BAS training set is selected to conduct experiment on the quantum cloud computing platform. The result shows that the QCGAN algorithm can effectively converge to the Nash equilibrium point after training and perform human-centered classification generation tasks.
Application of bilateral internal mammary artery with different configurations in coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Han Zengqiang , Zhang Guodong , Chen Shenglong , Liu Gang , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:
A large number of studies have shown that BIMA grafting is superior to single internal mammary artery grafting in cardiac function protection and long-term survival after surgery. While, there is still no consensus on how is the best configuration to use BIMA. This study aims to compare intraoperative blood flow, early clinical results and early postoperative patency of different configurations of BIMA.
Methods:
There were 74 patients who underwent CABGs with bilateral internal mammary artery with different configurations we included. According to the different target territories that RIMA grafted to, the patients were divided into bilateral group (group I) with 20 cases and left group (group II) with 54 cases. Intraoperative blood flow, early clinical results and early postoperative patency of different configurations of BIMA were compared.
Results:
There was no difference in the early postoperative death and major complications between group I and Group II(P༞0.05). Compared with the LIMA in group II, the LIMA in group I had a slightly higher DF value (76.7 ± 6.2 vs 73.1 ± 6.8, P = 0.040). Compared with the RIMA in group II, the RIMA in group I had a slightly higher MGF (51.7 ± 34.4 ml/min vs 31.4 ± 21.4 ml/min, P = 0.024). There was no difference in the other TTFM parameters of LIMA and RIMA between group I and Group II(P༞0.05). Further subgroup analysis revealed that compared with free RIMA in group II, in situ RIMA had a higher DF value(71.4 ± 7.8 vs 61.8 ± 18.1 ,P = 0.025).The PI of LIMA in free RIMA subgroup was higher than the PI of LIMA in in-situ RIMA subgroup(3.0 ± 1.6 vs 2.1 ± 1.0,P = 0.018). The results of early postoperative CTA examination showed that all IMAs grafts were completely patent.
Conclusions
The use of BIMA for CABG is safe and efficacious, RIMA used in right coronary artery received more satisfactory graft flow. BIMA with no stenosis and occlusion in the early stage, therefore is the ideal and stable coronary bypass graft.
Steganography algorithm based on modified EMD coded PU partition modes for HEVC videos
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhen , Li Zhaohong , Liu Jindou , Yan Huanma 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is a worldwide popular video coding standard, the steganography of HEVC videos has gained more and more attention. Prediction Unit (PU) is one of the most important innovative modules of HEVC, thus PU partition mode based steganography is becoming a novel branch of HEVC steganography. However, the embedding capacity of this kind of steganography is limited by the types of PU partition modes. To solve the problem, modified Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD) coded PU partition modes based steganography is proposed in this paper, which can hide a secret digit in a (\({2^{n+x}} - 1\))-ary notational system in a pair of PU partition modes and thus enlarging the capacity. Furthermore, two mapping patterns for PU partition modes are analyzed and the one that performs the better is selected as the final mapping pattern. Firstly, 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 sized PU partition modes are recorded according to the optimal mapping pattern in the video encoding process. Then PU partition modes are modified by using the proposed method to satisfy the requirement of secret information. Finally, the stego video can be obtained by re-encoding the video with the modified PU partition modes. Experimental results show that the embedding capacity can be significantly enlarged, and compared with the state-of-the-art work, the proposed method has much larger capacity while keeping high visual quality.
Leaf and Root Litter Species Identity Influences Bacterial Community Composition in Short-Term Litter Decomposition
Authors: Lu Ying , Li Kun , Ni Ruiqiang , Han Rongchu , Li Chuanrong , Zhang Caihong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Microorganisms play a crucial role in litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. However, it remains unclear, which effects of leaf litter and root species on bacterial community composition and diversity after one year's decomposition. Methods: The leaf and fine roots litters of Robinia pseudoacacia , Quercus acutissima , Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus densiflora , which are the dominant afforestation species in Mount Tai, were analysed using the Nylon litterbag method and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing for the amplification of bacterial 16S rRNA V4-V5. We measured the remaining litter mass and the bacterial community composition and assessed the effects of leaf and root litter species on the bacterial community after one-year decomposition periods.Results: (1) The remaining masses of leaf and fine roots litters of the four plant species were significantly influenced by organ type and species. The remaining mass of fine root litter was smaller than that of leaf litter for broad-leaved species, and the opposite result was found for coniferous species. (2) The observed species Chao1 and phylogenetic diversity values were significantly lower for leaf litters than for fine root litter. The community richness index was positively correlated with the C content, C:N and lignin content and negatively correlated with N:P, N content and P content. The bacterial community structure differed significantly among leaf and root litter decomposition for the four species ( p <0.05). The bacterial community structure in leaf litter was most highly correlated with the initial N content and N:P. The bacterial community structure in fine roots was most highly correlated with the lignin content. (3) The bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes , Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were significantly affected by litter and species type, and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Chloroflexi were only affected by litter type. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria , Firmicutes and Chloroflexi in fine root litter were higher than those in leaf litter, while the opposite result was found for Bacteroidetes . The bacterial genera Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia , Sphingomonas and Mucilaginibacter were affected by litter type ( p <0.05). The relative abundance of Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia in fine root litter was higher than that in leaf litter, while the opposite result was found for Bradyrhizobium , Sphingomonas and Mucilaginibacter . Pearson correlation analysis showed that the average relative abundance of the dominant phyla and genera was affected by the initial litter properties, especially for Bacteroides , Acidobacteria , Burkholderia , and Sphingomonas . Conclusions: Litter type, interaction between litter type and species were important than species in shaping the bacterial diversity and community composition in decomposing litter. And this were affected by initial chemical properties of the litter.
Alveolar Epithelial Inter-alpha-trypsin Inhibitor Heavy Chain 4 Deficiency Associated With Senescence-regulated Apoptosis by Particulate Air Pollution
Authors: Chen Xiao-Yue , Feng Po-Hao , Chen Yi-Ying , Wu Chih-Da , Wu Sheng-Ming , Lee Kang-Yun , Kuo Han-Pin , Hsiao Ta-Chih , Chen Kuan-Yuan , Ho Shu-Chuan , Chang Ta-Yuan , Lee I-Ta , Chuang Hsiao-Chi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) is considered a type II acute-phase protein; however, the role of ITIH4 in the lungs after exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of ITIH4 in the lungs in response to PM2.5 exposure.Results: ITIH4 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of 47 healthy subjects and of SD rats exposed to PM2.5 was determined, and the underlying anti-apoptotic and matrix-stabilizing pathways in A549 cells by diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) were also investigated. First, we observed that an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 accounted for a decrease of 2.673 ng/mL in ITIH4, an increase of 1.104 pg/mL in 8-isoprostane, and an increase of 6.918 pg/mL in interleukin (IL)-6 in human BAL. Increases in 8-isoprostane and IL-6 in the lungs and decreases in ITIH4 in the BAL, lungs, and serum were observed after PM2.5 exposure. ITIH4 was correlated with lung lysates and BAL samples (r=0.377, p<0.01), whereas ITIH4 was correlated with IL-6 in BAL (r=-0.420, p<0.01). ITIH4 expression was significantly reduced in alveolar epithelial cells by PM2.5. ITIH4 expression decreased after DEP exposure in a dose-dependent manner. A decrease in sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and increases in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and caspase-3 were observed after DEP exposure. Conclusions: In conclusion, PM2.5 decreased ITIH4 in the lungs, which was associated with alveolar epithelial cell senescence and apoptosis. ITIH4 could be a vital protein in regulating alveolar destruction, and its deficiency occurs due to PM2.5.
The reliability and success of peritoneal dialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yeter Hasan Haci , Oguz Ebru Gok , Akcay Omer Faruk , Karaer Refika , Yasar Emre , Duranay Murat , Ayli Mehmet Deniz , Guz Galip 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the symptoms, changes in laboratory findings during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effect of depression on symptoms associated with end-stage kidney disease in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD).Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional study. The patients underwent three different PD modalities, including continuous ambulatory PD, automated peritoneal dialysis, and remote monitoring automated peritoneal dialysis (RM-APD). All patients were asked to complete the clinical assessment form and Beck depression and anxiety inventory. Additionally, the last two laboratory evaluations during this period were examined.Results: A total of 123 patients undergoing PD were included. None of the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. Serum ferritin, creatinine, phosphorus, albumin and parathyroid hormone levels were significantly elevated in the total study population (p=0.03, p=0.01, p=0.02, p=0.02 and p=0.05, respectively). While calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone tended to increase in patients with APD or CAPD, they remained stable in patients performing RM-APD. Most of the patients did not experience dyspnea, pitting edema, difficulty in blood pressure control, palpitation, bone muscle pain, or peritonitis. Moderate to severe depression was associated with dyspnea, weight gain, fatigue, palpitation, and increased anxiety.Conclusion: PD is a reliable and successful form of dialysis and can be safely administered even if hospital access is restricted. PD is a safe method of renal replacement therapy to protect patients from COVID-19 infection. Additionally, RM-APD may be a better choice because it provides more stable bone mineral metabolism. Moreover, evaluating depression and anxiety at phone visits may be necessary for accurate clinical assessment.
microFLOQ® Direct: a helpful tool for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 rapid detection without RNA purification
Authors: Recipon Mathilde , Pussiau Amaury , Follot Sébastien , Latifa Noussair , Herrmann Jean-Louis , Rottman Martin , Gallet Olivier , Kellouche Sabrina , Leroy-Dudal Johanne , Pierrini Georges , Marescal Franck , Touron Patrick , Hubac Sylvain , Siatka Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the context of SARS-Cov-2 virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, molecular diagnostic tools were rapidly developed as there are fundamental for a rapid detection of infected people. In this context, and in order to optimize the manipulations and reduce the time to get results, we report the successful use of a sampling tool for COVID-19 diagnosis named microFLOQ® Direct (MFD). Hundred upper respiratory specimens sampled from patients with potential COVID-19 were evaluated using MFD, and results were compared to the results obtained by standard sampling procedure using dry swabs and physiologic serum as the transport medium. MFD results compared to results issued from the classic RNA purification and amplification steps from transport medium showed that MFD can be directly used for RT-PCR analysis without the preliminary inactivation and extraction steps. So, MFD could limit handling errors compared to the different treatment steps with dry swabs and transport medium. It therefore limits the risk of contamination, simplify the analytical process and enables to get results in less than 2 hours. We also show that the MFD kit is operational as a screening tool in the field of molecular detection of viral and bacterial diseases during an outbreak and then it can be used for public health or agro-veterinary purposes.
Polyaniline Nanoskein: Synthetic Method, Characterization, and Redox Sensing
Authors: Hong Yoochan , Kim Hyun Soo , Lee Taeha , Lee Gyudo , Kwon Ohwon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Polyaniline nanoskein (PANS), which have polyaniline nanofibers, is developed. PANS is formulated via sequential extracting, heating, and swelling processes. The compositions of PANS have been analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and the results of which indicate that PANS is composed of solely organic materials. Moreover, PANS have been shown convertible absorbance characteristics according to surrounding acidic environments, and using these characteristics, the possibility of PANS for sensing of surrounding redox states changes is presented.
Chiral-selective Plasmonic Metasurface Absorber Based on Bilayer Fourfold Twisted Semicircle Nanostructure at Optical Frequency
Authors: Cheng Yongzhi , Chen Fu , Luo Hui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate theoretically a plasmonic metasurface absorber (PMSA) for the high chiral-selective absorption for right-handed and left-handed circular polarization (RCP and LCP) lights at optical frequency. The PMSA is composed of a dielectric substrate sandwiched with bi-layer fourfold twisted semicircle nanostructure. Numerical simulation results that the proposed PMSA has a strong chiral selective absorption bands, where absorption peaks for LCP and RCP lights occur at different resonance frequencies resulting in significant circular dichroism (CD) effect. It is shown that the maximum absorbance of the PMSA can reach to 93.2% for LCP light and 91.6% for RCP light, and that the maximum CD magnitude is about 0.85 and 0.91 around 288.5 THz and 404 THz, respectively. The mechanism of the strong chiroptical response of the PMSA is illustrated and revealed by electric fields distributions. Furthermore, the influence of the geometry of the proposed PMSA on the chiral-selective absorption characterization is studied systematically. Due to the strong chiral-selective absorption and CD effect, the proposed PMSA can be found many potential applications in some areas, such as chiral imaging, optical filters, detecting, and optical communications.PACS numbers: 42.25.Bs, 78.20.−e