bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorptive removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions using spent mushroom waste
Authors: Alhujaily Ahmad , Yu Hongbo , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ma Fuying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe removal of hazardous dyes has become a major economic and health concern to treat wastewater. In this study, efficient, low-cost, and eco-friendly spent mushroom waste (SMW) showed great potential for removing the anionic dyes, namely Direct Red 5B (DR5B), Direct Black 22 (DB22), Direct Black 71 (DB71), and Reactive Black 5 (RB5). The mechanisms of adsorption could be controlled by both physical and chemical adsorption. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that SMW surface is porous and irregular. The kinetic study could be described well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the best representation of the equilibrium isotherm is the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities of SMW were found to be 18 mg g−1for DR5B, 15.46 mg g−1for DB22, 20.19 mg g−1for DB71, and 14.62 mg g−1for RB5. The analysis of thermodynamic study of ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°proved that the adsorption of the tested dyes onto SMW was endothermic and spontaneous. Based on these results, SMW can be considered as high potential adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater.
Evaluation of self-purifying power of cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena galeata: case of dairy factory effluents
Authors: Ouhsassi Mustapha , Khay El Ouardy , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , El Ouahrani Abdeltif , Harsal Abdellatif El , Abrini Jamal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the treatment of wastewater from dairy plants using the self-purifying power of filamentous cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena galeata. The performance and the reliability of using cyanobacteria as wastewater treatment technique were also assessed based on total bacterial flora, total nitrogen (NK), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC). The results obtained show promising treatment of wastewater if 25% and 50% dilutions were applied. Thus, respectively, for 25 and 50% dilutions, the reduction of the total bacterial flora was 67 and 45%, NK removal was close to 92 and 77%, the COD decreased by 77% and 65%, and the TOC decreased by 78 and 77%. The final concentration of cyanobacteria biomass increased from 15.72 to 585 mg/l and 475 mg/l, respectively, for 25 and 50% dilutions. These results suggest that cyanobacteria (Pseudanabaena galeata) may play an effective role in the biological treatment of wastewater.
Evaluation of an advanced slung load control system for piloted cargo operations
Authors: Nonnenmacher Daniel , Kim Hyun-Min 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHelicopter operations with externally slung loads are highly demanding for the flight crew. As the pilot does not have a direct view of the load, assistance is required from an additional crew member to achieve operational requirements (e.g., for load handling to achieve precise load positioning). An automatic load stabilization and positioning system for cargo operations has been designed with the aim to reduce pilot workload, damp load pendulum motion and to improve the load positioning performance. This system uses the concept of load-motion feedback to the rotor control. To avoid degradation of Handling Qualities (HQs), as found in previous investigations, a function has been developed that monitors pilot control inputs. Dependent on the amplitude and duration of pilot control stick deflection, the feedback signal for slung load damping is blended between two different gain sets. One set provides improved HQs during piloted control and one set provides good load damping when the pilot is passive. A further novel aspect is the evaluation of an automatic load control system using a Translational Rate Command as a method of helicopter control. A piloted simulation study has been conducted using this advanced load control system with automatic load stabilization and positioning. Three test pilots evaluated the system in different control law configurations using a Mission Task Element simulating an external load cargo operation. HQs and pilot workload were evaluated using the Cooper-Harper Rating Scale and NASA Task Load Index, respectively. The results of the study show that improved HQs and reduced pilot workload in combination with improved task performance can be achieved with the advanced slung load control system.
Physical activity for people living with dementia: carer outcomes and side effects from the perspectives of professionals and family carers
Authors: Gonçalves Ana-Carolina , Demain Sara , Samuel Dinesh , Marques Alda 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Adherence to physical activity is challenging for people living with dementia, and largely dependent on carers’ involvement. Carers are likely to support physical activity based on their perceived balance between benefits and potential side effects of such intervention for both patients and themselves. Professionals also have a role in terms of optimising such interventions not only for people with dementia but also their carers.

Aims
The present study aimed to identify the priorities of carers and professionals regarding (1) outcomes of physical activity for people living with dementia on carers and (2) side effects on patients and carers.

Methods
This was a two-round prioritisation exercise. In round one, participants were asked to rank, from most to least important, 2 lists of outcomes generated in a previous systematic review and qualitative study: (i) 10 outcomes on carers; (ii) 17 side effects on patients and carers. In round two, participants were asked to consider their own ranking in round one against the overall group ranking and re-rank both lists.

Results
36 carers and 39 professionals completed both rounds. The carer outcomes ranked as highest priority were “carer feeling positive and satisfied”, “carer improving wellbeing” and “making lives of carers easier”. The most undesirable side effects were “becoming agitated and confused”, “falling over” and “feeling discomfort and pain”.

Discussion and conclusions
Carers and professionals value the potential reduction in carer burden that may occur as a consequence of the person with dementia engaging in physical activity. Behavioural and psychological symptoms, falls and pain are the most undesirable side effects of physical activity. Future research should aim to address, and consistently report on these outcomes.
The salivary protein BPIFA2 differentially regulates sodium preference and blood pressure in male and female mice
Authors: Gorr Sven-Ulrik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBPIFA2 (PSP, SPLUNC2, C20orf70) is a major salivary protein of uncertain physiological function. BPIFA2 is downregulated in salivary glands of spontaneously hypertensive rats, pointing to a role in blood pressure regulation. This study used a novel Bpifa2 knockout mouse model to test the role of BPIFA2 in sodium preference and blood pressure. Blood pressure did not differ between wild-type male and female mice but was significantly lower in male knockout mice compared to male wild-type mice. In contrast, blood pressure was increased in female knockout mice compared to female wild-type mice. Female wild-type mice showed a significant preference for 0.9% saline compared to male mice. This difference was reduced in the knockout mice. BPIFA2 is an LPS-binding protein but it remains to be determined if the reported effects are mediated by the LPS-binding activity of BPIFA2.
Investigation of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission from two patients to healthcare workers identifies close contact but not airborne transmission events
Authors: Bays Derek J. , Nguyen Minh-Vu H. , Cohen Stuart H. , Waldman Sarah , Martin Carla S. , Thompson George R. , Sandrock Christian , Tourtellotte Joel , Pugashetti Janelle Vu , Phan Chinh , Nguyen Hien H. , Warner Gregory Y. , Penn Bennett H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective:To describe the pattern of transmission of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during 2 nosocomial outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with regard to the possibility of airborne transmission.Design:Contact investigations with active case finding were used to assess the pattern of spread from 2 COVID-19 index patients.Setting:A community hospital and university medical center in the United States, in February and March, 2020, early in the COVID-19 pandemic.Patients:Two index patients and 421 exposed healthcare workers.Methods:Exposed healthcare workers (HCWs) were identified by analyzing the electronic medical record (EMR) and conducting active case finding in combination with structured interviews. Healthcare coworkers (HCWs) were tested for COVID-19 by obtaining oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal specimens, and RT-PCR testing was used to detect SARS-CoV-2.Results:Two separate index patients were admitted in February and March 2020, without initial suspicion for COVID-19 and without contact or droplet precautions in place; both patients underwent several aerosol-generating procedures in this context. In total, 421 HCWs were exposed in total, and the results of the case contact investigations identified 8 secondary infections in HCWs. In all 8 cases, the HCWs had close contact with the index patients without sufficient personal protective equipment. Importantly, despite multiple aerosol-generating procedures, there was no evidence of airborne transmission.Conclusion:These observations suggest that, at least in a healthcare setting, most SARS-CoV-2 transmission is likely to take place during close contact with infected patients through respiratory droplets, rather than by long-distance airborne transmission.
Influence of Informal Relationships on Expatriate Career Performance in China: The Moderating Role of Cultural Intelligence
Authors: Ren Shuang , Chadee Doren , Presbitero Alfred 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTPursuing an international career in China can be risky particularly when there is a lack of informal relationships and knowledge of the socio-cultural environment of the country. Drawing from social capital theory of career success and intelligence theory, this study investigates the influence of expatriate manager-local subordinateguanxion expatriate managers’ career performance and the contingency role of cultural intelligence. Using multi-source data from a sample (N = 154) of expatriate managers in China, our results show that expatriate manager-local subordinateguanxipositively influences expatriate career performance, and that this relationship is positively moderated by expatriates’ cultural intelligence. The broader theoretical and practical implications of the findings for international careers are fully discussed.
PROOFS OF URYSOHN’S LEMMA AND THE TIETZE EXTENSION THEOREM VIA THE CANTOR FUNCTION
Authors: CÎRSTEA FLORICA C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUrysohn’s lemma is a crucial property of normal spaces that deals with separation of closed sets by continuous functions. It is also a fundamental ingredient in proving the Tietze extension theorem, another property of normal spaces that deals with the existence of extensions of continuous functions. Using the Cantor function, we give alternative proofs for Urysohn’s lemma and the Tietze extension theorem.
THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND THE RIGHT TO LIFE
Authors: Le Moli Ginevra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn its August 2019 decision inPortillo Cáceres v Paraguay, the Human Rights Committee recognised, for the first time, the existence of a connection between environmental protection and the right to life with dignity. This is not only a landmark decision for the Committee but also represents the consolidation of a body of case law and practice from the three regional human rights courts and other UN human rights bodies which has developed over the last quarter of a century. It also shows the potential of two important and widely debated paragraphs in the newly adopted General Comment No. 36 on the Right to Life, which describe environmental degradation as both an enabler of threats and a direct threat to the right to life. Such potential has been confirmed in another landmark decision of the HRC—Teitiota v New Zealand, relating to climate change as threat to life. This article draws onPortillo Cáceres v ParaguayandTeitiota v New Zealandto analyse this wider field of practice in order to clarify the connection between the right to life and environmental protection, as recognised by the Committee, and considers its potential impact on future litigation.
Mobility-based disadvantage in older age: insecure housing and the risks of moving house
Authors: Power Emma R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper develops knowledge of the logistics of moving house amongst older people living in insecure housing. These people typically do not move once and settle into a new house, but face ongoing moves driven by factors including housing affordability, tenure conditions and eviction. The paper identifies four domains of experience faced by people undergoing cumulative, involuntary residential moves: the material (process of relocating oneself and possessions), economic (costs of moving house), embodied (physical experience) and affective (how relocation is experienced and felt). The logistics of relocation are examined through the experiences of single older women living in insecure housing in the greater Sydney region of Australia. The accounts of these women foreground the costs and challenges of insecure housing that are a consequence of relocation. Conceptually this work contributes to understandings of mobility-based disadvantage in older age through drawing out the ways that the logistics of moving house – of relocating oneself and possessions – contribute in distinct ways to mobility-based disadvantage through risks to identity and senses of home. Empirically it addresses gaps in gerontological and housing scholarship through developing knowledge of the logistics and experiences of ongoing, involuntary residential moves.
Understanding bricolage in norm development: South Africa, the International Criminal Court, and the contested politics of transitional justice
Authors: Beresford Alexander , Wand Daniel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWithin international relations the normative agency of African actors is often downplayed or derided. This article develops the concept of bricolage to offer a novel understanding of norm development and contestation in international relations, including the role African actors play in this. We contend that a norm's core hypothesis can be thought of as the nucleus of a norm. In the case of complex international norms, if this core hypothesis is sufficiently vague and malleable, the norm will continue to attract a range of actors who may claim to share a commitment to enacting the core hypothesis even if they simultaneously promote a variety of potentially conflicting and contradictory meanings-in-use of the norm when doing so. Each meaning-in-use, we argue, might be thought of as a product of bricolage: a process of combining and adapting both new and second-hand materials, knowledges, values, and practices by an actor to address a problem in hand. Through a detailed study of the contestation of transitional justice between South Africa and the International Criminal Court, we elucidate how bricolage can help to illuminate the normative agency of African actors in shaping transitional justice. Processes of bricolage add complexity and potentially confusion to a norm's development, but bricolage also offers the potential for a creative and dynamic means by which a range of actors can inject pluralism, dexterity, and vitality into debates about a norm's meaning and operationalisation.
Linear Quadratic Regulator Method in Vision-Based Laser Beam Tracking for a Mobile Target Robot
Authors: Ling Yun , Wu Jian , Zhou Weiping , Wang Yubiao , Wu Changcheng 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a novel laser beam tracking mechanism for a mobile target robot that is used in shooting ranges. Compared with other traditional tracking mechanisms and modules, the proposed laser beam tracking mechanism is more flexible and low cost in use. The mechanical design and the working principle of the tracking module are illustrated, and the complete control system of the mobile target robot is introduced in detail. The tracking control includes two main steps: localizing the mobile target robot with regards to the position of the laser beam and tracking the laser beam by the linear quadratic regulator (LQR). First of all, the state function of the control system is built for this tracking system; second, the control law is deduced according to the discretized state function; lastly, the stability of the control method is proved by the Lyapunov theory. The experimental results demonstrate that the Hue, Saturation, Value feature-extracting method is robust and is qualified to be used for localization in the laser beam tracking control. It is verified through experiments that the LQR method is of better performance than the conventional Proportional Derivative control in the aspect of converge time, lateral error control, and distance error control.
Implicative algebras: a new foundation for realizability and forcing
Authors: Miquel Alexandre 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe introduce the notion of implicative algebra, a simple algebraic structure intended to factorize the model-theoretic constructions underlying forcing and realizability (both in intuitionistic and classical logic). The salient feature of this structure is that its elements can be seen both as truth values and as (generalized) realizers, thus blurring the frontier between proofs and types. We show that each implicative algebra induces a (Set-based) tripos, using a construction that is reminiscent from the construction of a realizability tripos from a partial combinatory algebra. Relating this construction with the corresponding constructions in forcing and realizability, we conclude that the class of implicative triposes encompasses all forcing triposes (both intuitionistic and classical), all classical realizability triposes (in the sense of Krivine), and all intuitionistic realizability triposes built from partial combinatory algebras.
Convenient antiderivatives for differential linear categories
Authors: Pacaud Lemay Jean-Simon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDifferential categories axiomatize the basics of differentiation and provide categorical models of differential linear logic. A differential category is said to have antiderivatives if a natural transformation , which all differential categories have, is a natural isomorphism. Differential categories with antiderivatives come equipped with a canonical integration operator such that generalizations of the Fundamental Theorems of Calculus hold. In this paper, we show that Blute, Ehrhard, and Tasson's differential category of convenient vector spaces has antiderivatives. To help prove this result, we show that a differential linear category – which is a differential category with a monoidal coalgebra modality – has antiderivatives if and only if one can integrate over the monoidal unit and such that the Fundamental Theorems of Calculus hold. We also show that generalizations of the relational model (which are biproduct completions of complete semirings) are also differential linear categories with antiderivatives.
Outcomes of a Provincial Myocardial Infarction Reperfusion Strategy: A Population-Based, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cook Jolene , Carter Alix , Goldstein Judah , Travers Andrew , Brown Ryan , Swain Janel , Jensen Jan , Matheson Kara , Cain Ed , Lee Tony 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground:Fibrinolysis is an acceptable treatment for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) when primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cannot be performed within 120 minutes. The American Heart Association has recommended Emergency Medical Services (EMS) interventions such as prehospital fibrinolysis (PHF), prehospital electrocardiogram (ECG), and hospital bypass direct to PCI center. Nova Scotia, Canada has incorporated these interventions into a unique province-wide approach to STEMI care. A retrospective cohort analysis comparing the primary outcome of 30-day mortality for patients receiving either prehospital or emergency department (ED) fibrinolysis (EDF) to patients transported directly by EMS from community or regional ED for primary PCI was conducted.Methods:This retrospective, population-based cohort study included all STEMI patients in Nova Scotia who survived to hospital admission from July 2011 through July 2013. Three provincial databases were used to collect demographic, 30-day mortality, hospital readmission, and rescue PCI data. The results were grouped and compared according to reperfusion strategy received: PHF, EDF, patients brought by ambulance via EMS direct to PCI (EMS to PCI), and ED to PCI (ED to PCI).Results:There were 1,071 STEMI patients included with 145 PHF, 606 EDF, 98 EMS to PCI, and 222 ED to PCI. There were no significant differences in 30-day mortality across groups (n, %): PHF 5(3); EDF 36(6); EHS to PCI <5(2); and ED to PCI 10(4); P = .28. There was no significant difference in patients receiving fibrinolysis who underwent rescue PCI.Conclusions:Prehospital fibrinolysis incorporated into a province-wide approach to STEMI treatment is feasible with no observed difference in patient 30-day mortality outcomes observed.
Validity assessment of a portable anthropometer to measure length in 24-month children from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort
Authors: Flores Thaynã R , Bertoldi Andréa D , Ricardo Luiza IC , Blumenberg Cauane , Moreira Laísa R , Dias Mariane , Martins Rafaela C , Silveira Mariângela Fd , Mielke Grégore I , Santos Iná S 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to assess the validity of a portable anthropometer against the gold standard among 2-year-old infants from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort.Design:Birth cohort study.Setting:A fixed Harpenden® infant anthropometer was considered as the gold standard for measuring infant length due to its greater precision and stability. The portable SANNY® (model ES2000) anthropometer was the instrument to be validated. The acceptable mean difference in length between the anthropometers was 0·5 cm. In order to compare length estimates, the interviewers carried out two length measures for each of the anthropometers (fixed and portable) and for each child. The mean of the two lengths was calculated for each anthropometer, and their difference was calculated.Participants:A subsample of 252 24-month-old members of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study.Results:Children’s mean age was 23·5 months. According to Bland–Altman plot, there were no differences in overall lengths between the portable and the fixed anthropometers, or in lengths according to sex. There was a high overall concordance between the length estimates of the fixed and portable anthropometers (ρ = 0·94; 95 % CI 0·92, 0·95).Conclusions:The portable anthropometer proved to be accurate to measure the length of 24-month-old infants, being applicable to studies using the same standardised protocol used in the present study.