bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting hemiplegic gait
Authors: Selvaraj Logeshwari , J Sakthi 
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Balance synergy includes a number of postural response that enable an individual to arise and remain erect during standing and locomotion. Balance deficits causes an insufficient coordination, postural instability and impaired gait. Maintaining the independence in activities of activities of daily living is an important factor for the quality of life. Hence this study is done to promote Hemiplegic Gait in stroke patients.
Materials and Methods: 150 community dwelling hemiparetic subjects from Chennai aged <65 both male and female subjects were allocated in three groups (n=50) using convenient sampling method and were followed up for a period of 12 weeks with intervention duration of 45 mins daily and were assessed with POMA, FALL RISK , TUG and 6 minute walk test. Paired‘t’ test was used for assessing pre and post-test values.
Results: There was significant difference with p < 0.001 at both Tinetti Performance oriented mobility assessment, Time up and Go Test, Fall Risk and 6 minute walk test minimal significant difference in chair stand test in both the groups.
Conclusion: There was significant difference in POMA, FALL RISK , TUG and 6 minute walk test p<.005 in Group C & Group B.
Correlation between ocular perfusion pressure and estimated translamina cribrosa pressure difference in healthy young adults
Authors: Channarayapatna Madhusetty Ramya , Ramashetty Rajalakshmi , Sunaganahalli Dyapegowda Mamatha 
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy which is the leading cause of irreversible blindness across the globe. It is known that Intraocular pressure is responsible for these altered changes but recent experimental and clinical studies have reported that cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) and trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD), may be an important cause of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, especially in subjects with normal-tension glaucoma. To assess the correlation between ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and TLCPD in healthy young adults.
Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy young adult volunteers comprising of 50 obese (25 males and 25 females) and 50 non-obese (25 males and 25 females) in the age group of 18-19 years among MBBS Phase I students of JSS Medical College, JSSU, Mysore were the subjects for the study. Blood Pressure and Intra Ocular Pressure were recorded. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), OPP, CSFPand TLCPD were calculated.
Results: There exists a positive correlation (0.50) between OPP and TLCPD. There was a statistically significant difference in OPP, CSFP and TLCPD between obese and non-obese groups.
Conclusion: The present study provides information on the relationship of TLCPD with CSFP and OPP that are higher in obese individuals.
Evaluation of a serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone as predictor of semen parameter(s) improvement in men undergoing medical treatment for infertility
Authors: Lima Thiago Fernandes Negris , Rakitina Evgeniya , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Ramasamy Ranjith 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The goal of medical therapy for infertile men with testosterone deficiency (TD) is to improve intratesticular testosterone (ITT). There is a gap in knowledge to identify those who will respond with semen parameter(s) improvement. We hypothesized that serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) — a marker of ITT — can be used to predict improvement of semen parameter(s).
Methods: Between July 2018 and January 2020, we conducted a prospective study of 31 men with primary infertility, TD, and secondary hypogonadism receiving clomiphene citrate (CC) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for three months. We assessed baseline and followup hormones, including testosterone, 17-OHP, semen parameter(s), and demographics. Semen quality upgrading was based on assisted reproduction eligibility: in-vitro fertilization (<5 million), intrauterine insemination (IUI) (5–9 million), and natural pregnancy (>9 million). Variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U or Wilcoxon rank test.
Results: Twenty-one men received CC and 10 received CC/hCG. Median followup was 3.7 (3.3–5.1) months. Sixteen men upgraded semen quality. Six of 10 men with baseline total motile sperm count (TMSC) of 0 had motile sperm after treatment, and 11/20 men with TMSC<5 upgraded semen quality into TMSC>5 range. Low 17-OHP was the only factor that predicted semen quality upgrading. Men with 17-OHP ≤55 ng/dL upgraded semen quality and improved hormones, whereas men with 17-OHP >55 ng/dL did not upgrade semen quality.
Conclusions: Medical therapy for infertile men with TD resulted in the improvement of sperm concentration, TMSC, testosterone, and 17-OHP. Semen quality upgrading appears to be more significant in patients with low 17-OHP, suggesting that ITT can be used as a biomarker to predict semen parameter(s) improvement.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Kitchen Utensils Used as Materials for Local Cooking in Two Culinary Media
Authors: Sawadogo Jacques , Boukari Legma Jean 
Published: December 2020

This study is inscribed in the framework of the valorization of traditional kitchen utensils recycled from aluminum waste in Burkina Faso. In fact, these traditional kitchen utensils made of recycled aluminum alloys occupy a very important place in Burkina Faso’s kitchen. The effect of foods for consumption on its local utensils was studied using the non-stationary technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For this purpose, a sample of utensil has been deducted on traditional production site. The corrosion behavior of the recycled aluminum alloy ok know chemical composition was evaluated by analyzing the impedance spectra obtained at the open circuit potential, in the salt media titrated at 3 g·L−1 and rice. Modeling electrical properties by using of a simple equivalent circuit made it possible to interpret the results obtained by impedance spectroscopy. The results showed a susceptibility to pitting corrosion and were confirmed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method.
Læringsstrategier på ungdomsuddannelserne
Authors: Bülow Morten Winther 
Published: December 2020

Formålet med denne artikel er at identificere mønstre i gymnasieelevers gengivelser af egne læringsstrategier. Situation i sensommeren og efteråret 2020 tilbød muligheder for at undersøge elevernes oplevelser af forløb, der vekslede mellem blended learning, virtuel undervisning og hybride formater. Det viste sig, at eleverne beskrev deres håndtering af udfordringerne og mulighederne meget forskelligt - og at beskrivelserne afspejler strategiske handlemønstre.
Med udgangspunkt i et teoretisk rammeværk, der muliggør undersøgelse af læringsstrategier i et økologisk perspektiv, opstilles to forskningsspørgsmål: 1) Hvilke dimensioner anvender eleverne i deres selvfremstilling af egne læringsstrategier? Og 2) Hvilke læringsstrategiske mønstre kan identificeres?
Artiklens metode udgøres af abduktive sekvenser, der veksler mellem teoretisk rammesætning, tematiske analyser af elevernes selvfortællinger samt ’kontrol-interviews’, der validerer de identificerede dimensioner og mønstre.
Undersøgelsen afslører, hvordan eleverne fremstiller de forskellige – digitale og ikke-digitale – ressourcedimensioner i håndteringen af hybride uddannelseskontekster. Afslutningsvis opsummeres de studerendes læringsstrategiske selvforståelser i fem sammenhængende mønstre af læringsstrategier.
Genetic Variability in Physiological Seed Quality of Maize Genotypes of Different Maturity Groups
Authors: Olasoji J. O. , Ogunniyan D. J. 
Published: December 2020

A study was conducted to investigate genetic variability in physiological seed quality using viability and vigour tests which were conducted at the seed testing laboratory of Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Moor Plantation, Ibadan. The investigational materials consisted of twelve genotypes of maize of different maturity-early, intermediate and late collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan and IAR&T, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, respectively. The experimental design used was completely randomize design (CRD) and data was collected for some viability and vigour traits and the data collected were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant differences were found among all the maize genotypes for the characters under observation. Hundred seed weight ranged from 24.6-29.3 g, 18.5-26.6 g, 22.9-29.1 g, standard germination ranged from 54.0-100.0%, 16.0-92.0%, 50.0-100% and accelerate ageing germination also ranged from 6.0-96.0%, 7.0-84.0%, 0-90.0% in the early, intermediate and late- maturing genotypes, respectively. Conductivity ranged from 5.34-17.10 µS/cm/g, 13.7-91.7 µS/cm/g and7.06-33.6 µS/cm/g with mean values of 11.14, 39.23 and 14.05 µS/cm/g in the early, intermediate and late-maturing genotypes, respectively. Variability was smaller in the late-maturing genotypes for Root Number (RN) and Shoot Length (SLT) but higher for both early and late- maturing genotypes. It was concluded from this study that seeds of early-maturing genotypes had significantly higher physical and physiological quality parameters. All the early materials used for the study tend to be homogenous for all the traits measured and selection should be practiced for hundred seed weight to increase yield potential in maize varieties.
Inorganic Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Sodium Batteries: Fundamentals and Strategies for Battery Optimization
Authors: Wu Jian‐Fang , Zhang Rui , Fu Qing‐Feng , Zhang Jie‐Song , Zhou Xiao‐Yan , Gao Peng , Xu Chao‐He , Liu Jilei , Guo Xin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent realization of high sodium‐ion conductivities (>10−2 S cm−1) in inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) at room temperature will certainly trigger a boom in all‐solid‐state sodium batteries (ASS‐SBs). However, their electrochemical stable windows and compatibility to high capacity/voltage electrodes are unsatisfactory. Developing ideal ISEs that deliver high Na+ ion conductivities, good electrochemical/chemical stability, and compatible electrode/ISE interface is key for the success of high‐performance ASS‐SBs. In this review, focus is mainly on the fundamentals and strategies to optimize ASS‐SB performances from the aspects of ISE and interface, and note that interfacial issues are also ISE‐related. The latest progress in ISEs, including fundamentals of the sodium‐ion conduction mechanism, key parameters dominating the Na+ ion conduction in terms of crystal structure, lattice dynamics, point defects, and grain boundaries, and prototyping strategies for cell design, are elaborated from the perspectives of material and defect chemistry. The key challenges and future opportunities are discussed, and rational solutions are provided.
2D Polarized Materials: Ferromagnetic, Ferrovalley, Ferroelectric Materials, and Related Heterostructures
Authors: Chu Junwei , Wang Yang , Wang Xuepeng , Hu Kai , Rao Gaofeng , Gong Chuanhui , Wu Chunchun , Hong Hao , Wang Xianfu , Liu Kaihui , Gao Chunlei , Xiong Jie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe emergence of 2D polarized materials, including ferromagnetic, ferrovalley, and ferroelectric materials, has demonstrated unique quantum behaviors at atomic scales. These polarization behaviors are tightly bonded to the new degrees of freedom (DOFs) for next generation information storage and processing, which have been dramatically developed in the past few years. Here, the basic 2D polarized materials system and related devices’ application in spintronics, valleytronics, and electronics are reviewed. Specifically, the underlying physical mechanism accompanied with symmetry broken theory and the modulation process through heterostructure engineering are highlighted. These summarized works focusing on the 2D polarization would continue to enrich the cognition of 2D quantum system and promising practical applications.
Linear Electro‐Optic Modulation in Highly Polarizable Organic Perovskites
Authors: Sun Meng‐Jia , Zheng Chao , Gao Yuan , Johnston Andrew , Najarian Amin Morteza , Wang Pei‐Xi , Voznyy Oleksandr , Hoogland Sjoerd , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectrical‐to‐optical signal conversion is widely employed in information technology and is implemented using on‐chip optical modulators. State‐of‐the‐art modulator technologies are incompatible with silicon manufacturing techniques: inorganic nonlinear crystals such as LiNbO3 are integrated with silicon photonic chips only using complex approaches, and hybrid silicon–LiNbO3 optical modulators show either low bandwidth or high operating voltage. Organic perovskites are solution‐processed materials readily integrated with silicon photonics; and organic molecules embedded within the perovskite scaffold allow in principle for high polarizability. However, it is found that the large molecules required for high polarizability also require an increase of the size of the perovskite cavity: specifically, using the highly polarizable DR2+ (R = H, F, Cl) in the A site necessitates the exploration of new X‐site options. Only by introducing BF4– as the X‐site molecule is it possible to synthesize (DCl)(NH4)(BF4)3, a material exhibiting a linear EO coefficient of 20 pm V–1, which is 10 times higher than that of metal halide perovskites and is a 1.5 fold enhancement compared to reported organic perovskites. The EO response of the organic perovskite approaches that of LiNbO3 (reff ≈ 30 pm V–1) and highlights the promise of rationally designed organic perovskites for use in efficient EO modulators.
High‐Performance Spin Filters and Spin Field Effect Transistors Based on Bilayer VSe2
Authors: Wu Baochun , Quhe Ruge , Yang Jie , Liu Shiqi , Shi Junjie , Lu Jing , Du Honglin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, two‐dimensional (2D) magnetic van der Waals materials have drawn great attention as they are remarkably promising in numerous vital areas, such as data storage and information processing. Theoretically, bilayer (BL) 2H‐VSe2 has been predicted to be an A‐type 2D antiferromagnetic van der Waals crystal (intralayer ferromagnetism and interlayer antiferromagnetism) and to have electrically‐induced half‐metallicity. Herein, by using ab initio quantum transport simulations, BL 2H‐VSe2 spin devices are designed and spin‐resolved transport properties are investigated for the first time. The spin‐filter efficiency (SFE) of the dual‐gated BL 2H‐VSe2 spin filter reaches up to 99%, and the conductance on‐off ratio of this device is up to 106. Also, the conductance on‐off ratio of the quadruple‐gated BL 2H‐VSe2 spin field effect transistor can reach 4 × 103 after reversing the spin direction. This work shows the high performance of the BL 2H‐VSe2 in spintronic devices and will motivate further studies of the spin devices based on this kind of material.
Synthesis of Sulfonylated Pyrrolines and Pyrrolinones via Ag‐mediated Radical Cyclization of Olefinic Enamides with Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Ding Ran , Mao Ming‐Hua , Jia Wei‐Zhen , Fu Jian‐Ming , Liu Lei , Mao Yue‐Yuan , Guo Yu , Wang Pei‐Long 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a practical method for the radical cyclization of olefinic enamides using sodium sulfinates to produce a series of sulfonylated pyrrolines and pyrrolinones. This strategy features a wide functional group tolerance and provides convenient access to a series of valuable prochiral pyrroline and pyrrolinone building blocks.
A Cisplatin‐Selective Fluorescent Probe for Real‐Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Platinum Accumulation in Living Cells
Authors: Ong Jun Xiang , Le Hai Van , Lee Violet Eng Yee , Ang Wee Han 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMitochondria have emerged as important targets for cisplatin in cancer therapy. Apart from cisplatin, anticancer Pt complexes based on similar scaffolds have also been developed to target mitochondria. Yet cellular processing of cisplatin or these mitochondria‐targeting Pt analogues remained unexplored, largely due to a lack of tools capable of probing these Pt drugs within an intracellular environment. We developed the first mitochondria‐targeted fluorescent probe for real‐time monitoring of Pt accumulation in mitochondria. We applied the probe to investigate mitochondria as cellular targets for Pt drug complexes and uncovered two distinct pathways whereby these Pt complexes could be delivered to mitochondria after cell entry.
Dried Blood Spot Self‐Sampling with Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Processing for Clinical Analysis
Authors: Ryšavá Lenka , Dvořák Miloš , Kubáň Pavel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA simple and convenient concept of blood sampling followed by a fully automated analysis is presented. A disposable sampling kit is used for accurate self‐sampling of capillary blood from a finger prick. A high‐throughput blood sampling is thus enabled, which is essential in many clinical assays and considerably improves life quality and comfort of involved subjects. The collected blood samples are mailed to a laboratory for a fully automated dried blood spot (DBS) processing and analysis, which are performed with a commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument. Quantitative results are obtained within 20 min from the DBS delivery to the laboratory. The presented concept is exemplified by the determination of warfarin blood concentrations and demonstrates excellent analytical performance. Moreover, this concept is generally applicable to a wide range of endogenous and exogenous blood compounds and represents a novel and attractive analytical tool for personalized health monitoring.
In situ preparation of inorganic nanoparticles in amino‐functionalized porous cellulose particles
Authors: Omura Taro , Fujii Yuki , Suzuki Toyoko , Minami Hideto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmino‐functionalized cellulose particles with a porous structure were prepared by a solvent‐releasing method with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimdazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) followed by an amination reaction, and were incorporated with silica. The amino groups provided the base catalyst for the formation of silica on the porous structure during the in situ sol–gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate. After the reaction, no free silica remained in the reaction medium. The microscopic morphologies (specific surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume) of the composite particles were affected by the silica content in the composites, which was controllable by the sol–gel reaction time. When silver nanoparticles were introduced to the pores of the cellulose particles by reduction of AgNO3 with amino groups, the composite exhibited catalytic ability and recyclability.
Intracellular Thermometry at the Micro‐/Nanoscale and its Potential Application to Study Protein Aggregation Related to Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Chung Chyi Wei , Kaminski Schierle Gabriele S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTemperature is a fundamental physical parameter that influences biological processes in living cells. Hence, intracellular temperature mapping can be used to derive useful information reflective of thermodynamic properties and cellular behaviour. Herein, existing publications on different thermometry systems, focusing on those that employ fluorescence‐based techniques, are reviewed. From developments based on fluorescent proteins and inorganic molecules to metal nanoclusters and fluorescent polymers, the general findings of intracellular measurements from different research groups are discussed. Furthermore, the contradiction of mitochondrial thermogenesis and nuclear‐cytoplasmic temperature differences to current thermodynamic understanding are highlighted. Lastly, intracellular thermometry is proposed as a tool to quantify the energy flow and cost associated with amyloid‐β42 (Aβ42) aggregation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease.
Molecularly Controlled Catalysis – Targeting Synergies Between Local and Non‐local Environments
Authors: Chatterjee Basujit , Chang Wei‐Chieh , Werlé Christophe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFuture chemicals should preserve the efficiency of their function while reducing hazards and waste. In this context, catalysis – a fundamental pillar of Green Chemistry – is still the most effective technique capable of meeting societal requirements while offering sustainability. To further push the boundaries of catalysis and respond to these challenges, a clear understanding of the molecular level interactions is essential. To succeed, we believe it is necessary to consider the transition metal catalyst as a molecular system encompassing a local and non‐local environment. The synergistic effects that are taking place between the ligand, the metal center, and their surrounding environments primarily determine the efficiency of the bond making and breaking processes. This Concept provides tools for identifying, implementing, and combining these effects to control catalysis directly at a molecular level.
Towards Catalytically Active Porous Graphene Membranes with Pulsed Laser Deposited Ceria Nanoparticles
Authors: Plšek Jan , Drogowska‐Horná Karolina Anna , Guerra Valentino L. P. , Mikšátko Jiří , Valeš Václav , Kalbáč Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPorous graphene with catalytically active ceria nanometre‐size particles were prepared using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on graphene produced through chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The reported process provided porous graphene containing ceria nanoparticles as confirmed by HR TEM and XPS. Isotopically labelled 13C graphene was employed to study desorption of the species containing carbon. Methanol adsorption was utilised to probe the nature of the catalytic activity of prepared ceria decorated graphene. The important role of graphene support for the stabilization of reduced ceria nanoparticles was finally confirmed. Increased dehydrogenation activity of graphene with ceria nanoparticles leading to CO and H2 formation was demonstrated.
Metal Sulfide Nanoparticles: Precursor Chemistry
Authors: Balakrishnan Adithya , Groeneveld Jan Derk , Pokhrel Suman , Mädler Lutz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFascination with and the need for evermore increasing efficiency, power, or strength have been the cornerstones for developing new materials and methods for their creation. Higher solar cell conversion efficiencies, increased battery storage power, and lightweight strong materials are some that have been at the forefront of attention for these efforts. Materials created for most applications start as simple chemical compounds. A study of how these chemicals have been used in the past can be used to create new materials and new methods of production. Herein, a class of materials that are valuable in a multitude of applications, metal sulfide nanoparticles, are examined, along with how they are being produced and how new methods can be established that will help to standardize and increase production capabilities. Precursor–solvent combinations that can be used to create metal sulfide nanoparticles in the gas phase are also explored.