bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organically modified layered magnesium silicates to improve rheology of reservoir drilling fluids
Authors: Patel Hasmukh A. , Santra Ashok 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPetroleum well drilling fluids are one of the most significant constituents in the subterranean drilling processes to meet an increasing global demand for oil and gas. Drilling fluids experience exceptional wellbore conditions, e.g. high temperature and high pressure that adversely affect the rheology of these fluids. Gas and oil well drilling operations have to adjourn due to changes in fluid rheology, since the drilling fluids may lose their effectiveness to suspend heavy particles and to carry drilled cuttings to the surface. The rheological properties of drilling fluids can be controlled by employing viscosifiers that should have exceptional stability in downhole environments. Here, we have developed next-generation viscosifiers—organically modified magnesium silicates (MSils)—for reservoir drilling fluids where organic functionalities are directly linked through the Si–C bond, unlike the industry’s traditional viscosifier, organoclay, that has electrostatic linkages. The successful formation of covalently-linked hexadecyl and phenyl functionalized magnesium silicates (MSil-C16 and MSil-Ph) were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Identical drilling fluid formulations were designed for comparison using MSils and a commercial viscosifier. The rheological properties of fluids were measured at ambient conditions as well as at high temperatures (up to 150 °C) and high pressure (70 MPa). Owing to strong covalent linkages, drilling fluids that were formulated with MSils showed a 19.3% increase in yield point (YP) and a 31% decrease in apparent viscosity (AV) at 150 °C under 70 MPa pressure, as compared to drilling fluids that were formulated with traditional organoclay. The higher yield point and lower apparent viscosity are known to facilitate and increased drilling rate of penetration of the fluids and an enhanced equivalent circulation density (ECD), the dynamic density condition, for efficient oil and gas wells drilling procedures.
Role of Armadillo repeat 2 and kinesin-II motor subunit Klp64D for wingless signaling in Drosophila
Authors: Vuong Linh Thuong , Won Jong-Hoon , Nguyen Minh Binh , Choi Kwang-Wook 
Published: August 2020

AbstractArmadillo (Arm) is crucial for transducing Wingless (Wg) signaling. Previously, we have shown that Klp64D, a motor subunit of Drosophila kinesin-II, interacts with Arm for Wg signaling. Molecular basis for this interaction has remained unknown. Here we identify a critical Arm repeat (AR) required for binding Klp64D and Wg signaling. Arm/$${\varvec{\beta}}$$

β

-catenin family proteins contain a conserved domain of 12 Arm repeats (ARs). Five of these ARs can interact with Klp64D, but only the second AR (AR2) binds to the cargo/tail domain of Klp64D. Overexpression of AR2 in wing imaginal disc is sufficient to cause notched wing margin. This phenotype by AR2 is enhanced or suppressed by reducing or increasing Klp64D expression, respectively. AR2 overexpression inhibits Wg signaling activity in TopFlash assay, consistent with its dominant-negative effects on Klp64D-dependent Wg signaling. Overexpression of the Klp64D cargo domain also results in dominant-negative wing notching. Genetic rescue data indicate that both AR2 and Klp64D cargo regions are required for the function of Arm and Klp64D, respectively. AR2 overexpression leads to an accumulation of Arm with GM130 Golgi marker in Klp64D knockdown. This study suggests that Wg signaling for wing development is regulated by specific interaction between AR2 and the cargo domain of Klp64D.
DNA-damage and cell cycle arrest initiated anti-cancer potency of super tiny carbon dots on MCF7 cell line
Authors: Şimşek Sinem , Şüküroğlu Ayça Aktaş , Yetkin Derya , Özbek Belma , Battal Dilek , Genç Rükan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWhile carbon-based materials have spearheaded numerous breakthroughs in biomedicine, they also have procreated many logical concerns on their overall toxicity. Carbon dots (CDs) as a respectively new member have been extensively explored in nucleus directed delivery and bioimaging due to their intrinsic fluorescence properties coupled with their small size and surface properties. Although various in vitro/in vivo studies have shown that CDs are mostly biocompatible, sufficient information is lacking regarding genotoxicity of them and underlying mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the real-time cytotoxicity of super tiny CDs (2.05 ± 0.22 nm) on human breast cancer cells (MCF7) and human primary dermal fibroblast cell cultures (HDFa) by xCELLigence analysis system for further evaluating their genotoxicity and clastogenicity to evaluate the anti-tumor potential of CDs on breast adenocarcinoma. As combined with flow cytometry studies, comet assay and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay suggest that the CDs can penetrate to the cell nuclei, interact with the genetic material, and explode DNA damage and G0/G1 phase arrest in cancer cells even at very low concentrations (0.025 ppm) which provide a strong foundation for the design of potentially promising CD-based functional nanomaterials for DNA-damage induced treatment in cancer therapy.
Dietary ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate, a marine sphingophosphonolipid, improves skin barrier function in hairless mice
Authors: Tomonaga Nami , Manabe Yuki , Aida Kazuhiko , Sugawara Tatsuya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSphingolipids are one of the major components of cell membranes and are ubiquitous in eukaryotic organisms. Ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) of marine origin is a unique and abundant sphingophosphonolipid with a C-P bond. Although molluscs such as squids and bivalves, containing CAEP, are consumed globally, the dietary efficacy of CAEP is not understood. We investigated the efficacy of marine sphingophosphonolipids by studying the effect of dietary CAEP on the improvement of the skin barrier function in hairless mice fed a diet that induces severely dry-skin condition. The disrupted skin barrier functions such as an increase in the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), a decrease in the skin hydration index, and epidermal hyperplasia were restored by CEAP dietary supplementation. Correspondingly, dietary CAEP significantly increased the content of covalently bound ω-hydroxyceramide, and the expression of its biosynthesis-related genes in the skin. These effects of dietary CAEP mimic those of dietary plant glucosylceramide. The novel observations from this study show an enhancement in the skin barrier function by dietary CAEP and the effects could be contributed by the upregulation of covalently bound ω-hydroxyceramide synthesis in the skin.
Early overnutrition sensitizes the growth hormone axis to the impact of diet-induced obesity via sex-divergent mechanisms
Authors: Sanchez-Garrido M. A. , Ruiz-Pino F. , Pozo-Salas A. I. , Castellano J. M. , Vazquez M. J. , Luque R. M. , Tena-Sempere M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn addition to its essential role in the physiological control of longitudinal growth, growth-hormone (GH) is endowed with relevant metabolic functions, including anabolic actions in muscle, lipolysis in adipose-tissue and glycemic modulation. Adult obesity is known to negatively impact GH-axis, thereby promoting a vicious circle that may contribute to the exacerbation of the metabolic complications of overweight. Yet, to what extent early-overnutrition sensitizes the somatotropic-axis to the deleterious effects of obesity remains largely unexplored. Using a rat-model of sequential exposure to obesogenic insults, namely postnatal-overfeeding during lactation and high-fat diet (HFD) after weaning, we evaluated in both sexes the individual and combined impact of these nutritional challenges upon key elements of the somatotropic-axis. While feeding HFD per se had a modest impact on the adult GH-axis, early overnutrition had durable effects on key elements of the somatotropic-system, which were sexually different, with a significant inhibition of pituitary gene expression of GH-releasing hormone-receptor (GHRH-R) and somatostatin receptor-5 (SST5) in males, but an increase in pituitary GHRH-R, SST2, SST5, GH secretagogue-receptor (GHS-R) and ghrelin expression in females. Notably, early-overnutrition sensitized the GH-axis to the deleterious impact of HFD, with a significant suppression of pituitary GH expression in both sexes and lowering of circulating GH levels in females. Yet, despite their similar metabolic perturbations, males and females displayed rather distinct alterations of key somatotropic-regulators/ mediators. Our data document a synergistic effect of postnatal-overnutrition on the detrimental impact of HFD-induced obesity on key elements of the adult GH-axis, which is conducted via mechanisms that are sexually-divergent.
Progressive patterns of neurological disability in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Akaishi Tetsuya , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Misu Tatsuro , Abe Michiaki , Ishii Tadashi , Fujimori Juichi , Aoki Masashi , Fujihara Kazuo , Nakashima Ichiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe progressive patterns of neurological disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and the significance of clinical relapses to the progressions of neurological disability in these diseases have not been fully elucidated. In this study, to elucidate the impact of relapses to the progression of accumulated neurological disability and to identify the factors to affect the progression of neurological disability in MS and NMOSD, we followed 62 consecutive MS patients and 33 consecutive NMOSD patients for more than 5 years with the clinical symptoms, relapse occurrence, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) in the chronic phase. All enrolled MS patients were confirmed to be negative for serum anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody. As a result, patients with NMOSD showed significantly severer neurological disability at 5 years from onset than MS patients. Progression in EDSS score was almost exclusively seen after clinical attacks in NMOSD, whereas progression could be observed apart from relapses in MS. Neurological disability did not change without attacks in NMOSD, whereas it sometimes spontaneously improved or deteriorated apart from relapses in MS (p < 0.001). In patients with MS, those with responsible lesions primarily in spinal cord were more likely to show such spontaneous improvement. In conclusion, clinical deterioration in NMOSD patients is irreversible and almost exclusively takes place at the timing of clinical attacks with stepwise accumulation of neurological disability. Meanwhile, changes in EDSS score can be seen apart from relapses in MS patients. Neurological disability in MS patients is partly reversible, and the patients with disease modifying drugs sometimes present spontaneous improvement of the neurological disability.
Submucous Cleft Palate: Evaluation and Treatment Principles for Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Schenck Graham C. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis clinical focus article intends to provide speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with a review of the literature and practical recommendations for the evaluation and treatment of individuals with submucous cleft palate (SMCP).MethodA review of the literature focused on definition, incidence, and diagnostic recommendations for SMCP was completed. Descriptions of physical and auditory–perceptual features common during evaluation were described in detail. Guiding principles for clinical management related to surgery and/or speech therapy were provided.ResultsSeveral discrepancies in the definition, incidence, and outcomes across SMCP studies were discovered in the literature. The importance of a comprehensive perceptual evaluation, including an oral mechanism examination by an SLP trained in the assessment of individuals with craniofacial anomalies, was emphasized.ConclusionsSMCP is a less understood subtype of cleft palate that presents a unique challenge for clinicians. A trained SLP's comprehensive perceptual evaluation and thorough oral mechanism examination are critical for diagnosis and treatment. SLPs can promote best practice for this population by initiating referrals to an accredited cleft palate–craniofacial team for further evaluation of their speech and assessment of surgical candidacy.
The Perception and Use of High-Frequency Speech Energy: Clinical and Research Implications
Authors: Boyd-Pratt Helen A. , Donai Jeremy J. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
High-frequency speech energy (above approximately 4–5 kHz) is garnering substantial research attention. This review surveys recent evidence surrounding the presence and use of perceptual information in the high-frequency region. Additionally, clinical and research applications relevant to speech, language, and hearing professionals are discussed.

Method
Five databases were used during the search (Medline, CINAHL, WorldCat, ERIC, and Google Scholar). Criteria for study inclusion included (a) peer review, (b) utilization of high-frequency energy (above approximately 4 kHz) during the experimental tasks, and (c) were published from 2014 to present. Fifty-seven articles were included for review, and after further inspection, 13 met the inclusion criteria and were retained.

Results
Thirteen peer-reviewed studies provided evidence to support the supposition that important and useable acoustic cues exist in the high-frequency portion of the speech spectrum.

Conclusions
Considering the evidence discussed in this document, it is apparent that the high-frequency region contains additional perceptual cues than currently assumed. Specifically, acoustic cues regarding segmental information (vowel and consonant identification), individual speaker identity, and speaker sex are available for use by human listeners and automated machine recognition systems. Additionally, the high-frequency speech region may reduce listening effort and improve speech recognition in noisy listening conditions, particularly when the speech and noise are spatially separated. Therefore, clinicians and researchers should be aware of this information, which can inform clinical practice when fitting amplification devices for various clinical populations and experimental research for speech and hearing scientists.
The dynamical evolution of close-in binary systems formed by a super-Earth and its host star
Authors: Luna S. H. , Navone H. D. , Melita M. D. 
Published: August 2020

Aims. The aim of this work is to develop a formalism for the study of the secular evolution of a binary system which includes interaction due to the tides that each body imparts on the other. We also consider the influence of the J2-related secular terms on the orbital evolution and the torque, caused by the triaxiality, on the rotational evolution, both of which are associated only to one of the bodies. We apply these set of equations to the study of the orbital and rotational evolution of a binary system composed of a rocky planet and its host star in order to characterize the dynamical evolution at work, particularly near spin-orbit resonances.
Methods. We used the equations of motion that give the time evolution of the orbital elements and the spin rates of each body to study the dynamical evolution of the Kepler-21 system as an example of how the formalism that we have developed can be applied.
Results. We obtained a set of equations of motion without singularities for vanishing eccentricities and inclinations. This set gives, on one hand, the time evolution of the orbital elements due to the tidal potentials generated by both members of the system as well as the oblateness of one of them. On the other hand, it gives the time evolution of the stellar spin rate due to the corresponding tidal torque and of the planet’s rotation angle due to both the tidal and triaxiality-induced torques. We found that for the parameters and the initial conditions explored here, the tidally and triaxiality-induced modifications of the tidal modes can be more significative than expected and that the time of tidal synchronization strongly depends on the values of the rheological parameters.
À propos de l’ouvrage d’Alain Pavé Comprendre la biodiversité. Vrais problèmes et idées fausses
Authors: Blondel Jacques 
Published: August 2020

L’objet du livre d’Alain Pavé, Comprendre la biodiversité. Vrais problèmes et idées fausses, paru en 2019 au Seuil, est de retracer l’histoire du concept de biodiversité qui exprime et concrétise l’inquiétude que suscite son déclin. Son propos est d’examiner comment ce terme polysémique est utilisé, parfois à tort et à travers, étant précisé que le concept intéresse à la fois les sciences de la nature et les sciences de l’homme et de la société dans un souci d’étude, de valorisation et de partage des avantages procurés aux sociétés par la biodiversité.
Construit en huit chapitres, l’ouvrage part d’exemples et d’expériences, développe la question des inventaires de biodiversité et des méthodes et métriques utilisées pour la qualifier et la quantifier. L’évolution de la biodiversité au cours des 600 derniers millions d’années est abordée à partir de la phylogénétique moléculaire et le rôle du hasard dans les variations de biodiversité globale est souligné. Quant à la projection dans le futur, elle est abordée par une réflexion critique sur l’existence même d’un déclin de la biodiversité. La manière dont les écologues parlent de la biodiversité, l’étudient et prétendent la conserver est l’objet d’une sévère remise en cause de la démarche scientifique actuelle. D’où la nécessité d’une reconstruction de l’écologie scientifique, y compris dans le domaine de la conservation jugée pratiquée d’une façon passéiste, voire fixiste. Puis l’auteur revient sur le thème de la modélisation qui permet d’intégrer le hasard dans la compréhension de l’évolution des systèmes biologiques.
L’ouvrage propose une lecture très personnelle du concept de biodiversité et dénonce le catastrophisme ambiant qui se nourrit d’affirmations jugées péremptoires et trop pessimistes, y compris quand on parle d’une 6e crise d’extinction de masse dont la réalité est contestée. Mais il est loin de faire justice d’une immense littérature qui traduit le dynamisme de la recherche en écologie et évolution. Cette très faible pénétration dans la littérature entraîne souvent le discours dans des considérations naïves et dépassées sur des concepts fondateurs de l’écologie. L’ouvrage paraît être victime du syndrome, bien connu des philosophes des sciences, de la fascination du chercheur pour son outil de travail et la culture de l’effet que ses écrits produisent dans le « grand cirque de la science ». Partielle et partiale, la bibliographie ne fait pratiquement jamais appel aux milliers d’articles publiés chaque année par des milliers d’auteurs dans les grandes revues internationales, y compris celles qui font périodiquement le point sur l’état des connaissances sur ces questions.
ICD-11: Welche Auswirkungen auf die Rehabilitation von Menschen mit
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen sind zu erwarten?
Authors: Schulte Ariane 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der im Mai 2019 verabschiedeten 11. Revision der Internationalen
Classification of Diseases (ICD) wurde das Kapitel der
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen grundlegend überarbeitet.
Indikationsgruppen mit neuen Substanzen wurden hinzugefügt. Die
Subkategorien, welche verschiedene Schweregrade und unterschiedliche klinische
Erscheinungsformen substanzbezogener Störungen beschreiben, sind weitaus
detaillierter dargestellt als in der ICD-10. Dabei wurde die Unterscheidung
zwischen Abhängigkeit und schädlichem Gebrauch beibehalten. Das
pathologische Spielen und der pathologische Computerspiel- und Internetgebrauch
wurden als abhängige Verhaltensstörungen in das Kapitel der
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen aufgenommen. Die Deutsche Rentenversicherung
ist ein wichtiger Leistungsträger für die Rehabilitation von
Menschen mit Abhängigkeitserkrankungen. Auswirkungen der beschriebenen
Veränderungen auf die Bewilligungspraxis, die Rehabilitationskonzepte,
die Leistungsformen oder die Rehabilitationszeiten sind nicht zu erwarten.
ICD-11/DSM-5: Entwicklungen und Änderungen bei
Alkohol- und Substanzbezogenen Störungen
Authors: Preuss Ulrich W. , Hoch Eva , Wong Jessica Wei Mooi 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie derzeitig gültigen ICD-10 Kriterien für alkohol- und
substanzbezogene Abhängigkeit und schädlichen Gebrauch sind
seit 1994 gültig. Ziel dieses Reviews ist es, die psychometrischen
Eigenschaften Reliabilität der ICD-10 Diagnosen sowie einzelner
Diagnosekriterien zu zeigen und ihre Konvergenz mit DSM-IV Diagnosen
abzugleichen. Darüber hinaus werden die Hintergründe
für die Entwicklung von ICD-11 und DSM-5 präsentiert und die
Konvergenz zwischen diesen Diagnosesystemen (DSM-IV/5 mit
ICD-10/11) berichtet. Die Vor- und Nachteile der Entwicklung von
ICD- und DSM-Konzepten und deren Konvergenz werden kritisch diskutiert.
Homoeopathy for Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children: A Narrative Review of Research Evidence
Authors: Dutta Abhijit , Sehrawat Nisha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, especially in the paediatric age group. Conventional medications have a minimal role in treating and preventing those diseases and an alternative for this is warranted. In this regard, homoeopathy can be a proper consideration, but the comparative effect and safety need critical evaluation.
Methods To evaluate the role of homoeopathic treatment in URTI, particularly in children, we conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Core-Hom, Cochrane library and Cam-quest database. All the relevant studies were included for a critical review.
Results One-hundred forty articles were found in a preliminary search, and for review, we included 17 studies related to URTI in paediatric age group. All the studies were very diverse in the methodology, type of homoeopathy used and outcome measurement. Different types of homoeopathy in terms of individualised, complex syrup and home-medication were used in studies. Fourteen studies reported the role of homoeopathy in reducing the severity of symptoms, efficacy beyond placebo, superiority or non-inferiority over conventional medications, in lowering the consumption of antibiotics and as prophylaxis. On the other hand, three studies found little or no effect in reducing symptoms or number of visits.
Conclusions Homoeopathic treatment improves the symptoms and reduces the severity of URTI in the paediatric age group. It can be an effective and safe way of treatment for reducing the burden of the disease, thus improving the quality of life. Owing to the diversity among the studies, more high-quality trials with focused questions are needed for further conclusion.
Vanishing properties of

-minimal hypersurfaces in a complete smooth metric measure space
Authors: Mi R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Let

be a complete smooth metric measure space with

being a complete noncompact

-minimal hypersurface in

. In this paper, we extend the classical vanishing theorems for

-harmonic

-forms on a complete minimal hypersurface to a weighted manifold. In addition, we obtain a vanishing result under the assumption that

has sufficiently small weighted

-norm of the second fundamental form on

, which can be regarded as a generalization of a result by Yun and Seo.
Bibliography: 26 titles.
Limits, standard complexes and

-codes
Authors: Ivanov S. O. , Mikhailov R. V. , Pavutnitskiy F. Yu. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
For a strongly connected category

with pairwise coproducts, we introduce a cosimplicial object, which serves as a sort of resolution for computing higher derived functors of

. Applications involve the Künneth theorem for higher limits and

-finiteness of

-codes. A dictionary for the

-codes with words of length

is given.
Bibliography: 19 titles.