bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Acne and Its Treatments Among Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Liu Li-Ping , Li Yu-Mei , Gu Si-Meng , Wu Wei , Fang Mei , Zhou Hang 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
This cross-sectional survey aimed to explore Chinese college students’ perceptions regarding acne and its topical medications, and to evaluate whether these perceptions affect their motivation to seek and adhere to treatments.

Methods:
A cross section survey was performed using a 14-item questionnaire was administered via WeChat. among Chinese college students at Jiangsu University aged 18–24 years.

Results:
One thousand and four hundred and fifteen responses were received. The prevalence of self-diagnosed acne was 34.1%. The factors associated with a greater likelihood of seeking treatment were being female, having acne for a longer duration, and having severe acne. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents had discontinued topical medication use within 1 month, with only 4.8% continuing for over 6 months. The main reason for discontinuation was slow onset of action. Patients who considered acne a long-term condition were more likely to seek treatment and use medication for longer periods than those who considered it a short-term condition. Lack of knowledge about medication features, proper usage, and prevention of adverse effects may lead to early discontinuation. Furthermore, 93.8% of the respondents hoped to obtain the above information from doctors.

Conclusion:
Detailed explanations of acne and medication guidance are necessary to help patients understand the necessity of continuous treatment and the expected efficacy.
Landmark Analysis Exploring the Optimal Period for Intensive Monitoring After Return to Work for Employees With Sickness Absence Due to Common Mental Disorders
Authors: Mishima Masayoshi , Adachi Hiroyoshi , Mishima Chieko 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
This study aimed to clarify when and how long intensive monitoring should be performed after return to work (RTW) of employees experiencing common mental disorders using landmark analysis.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective survey of workers who experienced sickness absences (SAs) during 36 months after RTW. Sustainability rates of attendance among the following groups were compared before and after the landmark (18 months): one SA episode (Group 1), two SA episodes (Group 2), and three or more SA episodes (Group 3).

Results:
Before the landmark, sustainability in Group 1 was higher than in the other groups, with no significant differences among groups after the landmark. Sustainability rate of attendance tended to be lower before than after the landmark in each group.

Conclusions:
Intensive monitoring is suggested in the first 18 months after RTW.
Gut Microbiome: The Third Musketeer in the Cancer-Immune System Cross-Talk
Authors: Sharma Prateek , Jain Tejeshwar , Sethi Vrishketan , Iyer Srikanth , Dudeja Vikas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The fascinating hypothesis that microbes lead to cancer has long been dwelled upon but has only been recently investigated in cancers other than those of stomach and colon. Microbes can affect cancer cells directly through toxins or metabolites. They also play a significant role in the development and maturation of the immune system and can indirectly affect cancer cells through the immune system. Reliable mouse models and affordable sequencing technologies, have made it possible in current times, to delineate the role of microbes in undermining cancer immune surveillance and indirectly promoting oncogenesis. In this review, we explore the cancer-gut microbiome-immune trialogue, focusing on pancreatic cancer. We review how gut-microbiome interacts with immune system to promote oncogenesis and how modulation of gut-microbiome can be used as an effective therapeutic strategy to reprogram the immune system for augmenting anti-tumor response and enhance immunotherapy efficacy in traditionally resistant pancreatic cancer.
Exploring the knowledge and attitudes about cancer of older adults in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: Estapé Tania , Carrion Iraida V. , Estapé Jordi , Neelamegam Malinee 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of cancer increases with age. Cancer related knowledge and attitudes towards the disease affects health seeking behavior. The knowledge and attitudes of older adults in Barcelona, Spain regarding cancer are unknown.

Methods:
A survey consisting of 42 questions in five focus areas pertaining to the knowledge and attitudes about cancer, prevention, early diagnosis, treatment, and support was administered to 814 adults 65 years of age and older while they were attending one of the seven senior centers throughout Barcelona and the provinces. Trained social workers and psychologists conducted the interviews.

Results:
The average age of survey participants was 74 years. Of the participants, 44.89% were male, 55.11% were female, and 18% had cancer in the past. The percentage of older adults with cancer was low at 18%; among those with cancer, many erroneous beliefs existed, such as attributing cancer to an undeserved punishment and the belief that the illness can be acquired through contact. Only a third of the participants considered themselves at high risk for developing cancer, and 94% were unaware of the European Code against Cancer and its recommendations. 34.2% indicated they would prefer to receive no treatment if they developed cancer in the future.

Conclusions:
Older adults residing in Barcelona, Spain were unaware of their high risk of developing cancer. Their attitudes included fear and pessimism toward the illness and treatment. Their limited knowledge and attitudes about cancer caused older adults to minimize and ignore symptoms. They attributed symptoms and discomfort to aging rather than cancer, which resulted in worsening health problems.
Standardized Work Rounds Enhance Teaming, Comprehensiveness, Shared Mental Model Development, and Achievement Rate of End-of-Shift Goals*
Authors: Lucrezia Samantha , Noether Julia , Sochet Anthony A. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To determine the impact of standardized PICU work rounds on the frequency of ideal teaming behaviors, rounds comprehensiveness, shared mental model index development, and rate of completed end-of-shift goals.

Design:
A single-center, pre-post, prospective cohort study.

Setting:
A 259-bed, quaternary, pediatric referral center.

Patients:
Children 0–18 years old from November 2018 to January 2020.

Interventions:
Standardized, bedside, nurse-led PICU work rounds, emphasizing ideal teaming behaviors using a collaboratively developed rounding script and quality/safety checklist.

Measurements and Main Results:
Study data were collected by direct observation and immediate postrounds participant questionnaire data. Primary outcomes were frequency of observed ideal teaming behaviors, rounds comprehensiveness, efficiency (rounds content divided by duration), shared mental model index (congruence among rounds participants regarding key healthcare data and planning), rounds face validity, and achievement rate of rounds-established, end-of-shift goals. During study, 154 encounters were observed (50 preintervention, 52 after Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle 1, and 52 after Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle 2). We observed improvements in overall shared mental model index (24–87%), rounds comprehensiveness (72–98%), and ideal teaming behaviors (including closed-loop communication: 82–100%; responsibility delegation: 74–100%; interdependence behaviors: 26–98%, all p < 0.01) by the end of study. Nursing presentations accounted for 3.6 ± 1.5 minutes of rounds and rounds duration was unchanged postintervention (11 ± 5 min preintervention and 11 ± 4 min after Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle 2, p > 0.99). Face validity, assessed using questionnaire data from 953 participants, revealed positive attitudes regarding efficiency, clarity, and participant self-value. Greatest enhancements in self-value were noted among advanced practice providers and respiratory therapists. On exploratory modeling, we noted associations between ideal teaming behaviors, rounds comprehensiveness, and shared mental model index. Similarly, we noted a positive association between the shared mental model index and the rate of achieved rounds-established, end-of-shift goals (odds ratio, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.7–46; p < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Standardization of PICU work rounds may encourage ideal teaming behaviors, enhance rounds comprehensiveness, strengthen the congruence of participant shared mental model, and affect the rate of achieved goals established during rounds without compromising workplace efficiency.
Machine Learning to Predict Cardiac Death Within 1 Hour After Terminal Extubation*
Authors: Winter Meredith C. , Day Travis E. , Ledbetter David R. , Aczon Melissa D. , Newth Christopher J. L. , Wetzel Randall C. , Ross Patrick A. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
Accurate prediction of time to death after withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies may improve counseling for families and help identify candidates for organ donation after cardiac death. The study objectives were to: 1) train a long short-term memory model to predict cardiac death within 1 hour after terminal extubation, 2) calculate the positive predictive value of the model and the number needed to alert among potential organ donors, and 3) examine associations between time to cardiac death and the patient’s characteristics and physiologic variables using Cox regression.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
PICU and cardiothoracic ICU in a tertiary-care academic children’s hospital.

Patients:
Patients 0–21 years old who died after terminal extubation from 2011 to 2018 (n = 237).

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
The median time to death for the cohort was 0.3 hours after terminal extubation (interquartile range, 0.16–1.6 hr); 70% of patients died within 1 hour. The long short-term memory model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 and a positive predictive value of 0.81 at a sensitivity of 94% when predicting death within 1 hour of terminal extubation. About 39% of patients who died within 1 hour met organ procurement and transplantation network criteria for liver and kidney donors. The long short-term memory identified 93% of potential organ donors with a number needed to alert of 1.08, meaning that 13 of 14 prepared operating rooms would have yielded a viable organ. A Cox proportional hazard model identified independent predictors of shorter time to death including low Glasgow Coma Score, high Pao
2-to-Fio
2 ratio, low-pulse oximetry, and low serum bicarbonate.

Conclusions:
Our long short-term memory model accurately predicted whether a child will die within 1 hour of terminal extubation and may improve counseling for families. Our model can identify potential candidates for donation after cardiac death while minimizing unnecessarily prepared operating rooms.
Presacral Myelolipoma
Authors: Guillaume Laurent , Vander Borght Thierry , Bertrand Claude , Dupont Michael , Krug Bruno 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Myelolipoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor consisting of adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells. Found usually in the adrenal region, however, few cases have been reported in extra-adrenal regions, most frequently in the presacral region. It is important to recognize such tumor, as it can attain massive size and causes pressure symptoms, and needs to be differentiated from malignant tumors, including liposarcomas. Although CT and MRI can suggest a diagnosis of myelolipoma, these are not conclusive. The hematopoietic cells are enhanced by a 99mTc–albumin nanocolloid scintigraphy and help to distinguish myolipoma from other entities.
Rare Thyroid Cartilage Metastasis From Breast Cancer Visualized on 18F-NaF PET/CT
Authors: Usmani Sharjeel , Ahmed Najeeb , Ilyas Muhammad Waqas , Murad Sarah , Al Kandari Fareeda 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Metastatic involvement of the thyroid cartilage is rare due to the absence of vessels within the cartilaginous tissue. We present the case of a 65-year-old woman recently diagnosed with breast cancer referred for skeletal staging with 18F-NaF PET/CT. She was found to have multiple osteoblastic metastases along with thyroid cartilage metastasis. Rare thyroid cartilage metastasis on 18F-NaF PET/CT may have prognostic significance in cancer patients.
Sarcoidosis Mimicking Primary Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma
Authors: Masrani Abdulrahman , Raptis Demetrios A. , Siegel Barry A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A 71-year-old man with coronary artery disease, sarcoid uveitis, and recurrent ventricular tachycardia treated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator presented with increasing dyspnea for several months. Echocardiography showed a large echogenic mass causing severe narrowing of the proximal main pulmonary artery and a resultant gradient of 65 mm Hg. Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy showed diffusely decreased perfusion of the left lung and an additional mismatched segmental perfusion defect in the left upper lobe. Cardiac MRI could not be performed because of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.
The Use of the Bipedicled Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap for Unilateral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Christopoulos Georgios , Sergentanis Theodoros N. , Vlachogiorgos Apostolos , Mackey Simon P. , Ghanem Ali M. 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionThe use of abdominal flaps is recognized as a very advantageous approach for breast reconstruction with gradual refinements leading from the pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap to the criterion standard deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and its several variations. A systematic review with meta-analysis attempts to investigate the safety of the bipedicled DIEP flap for unilateral breast reconstruction.MethodsThe literature search used “PubMed” database, and a relevant study conducted at the Queen Victoria Hospital was also included. The extraction of data included study type, follow-up, patients' age, body mass index, preexisting abdominal scars, timing of reconstruction, operating time, flap inset, pedicles' configuration, flap failure, revision, and complication rates. Proportions were pooled with Freeman-Tukey arcsine transformation, and meta-regression was performed to evaluate whether complication rates were modified by different variables.ResultsFourteen eligible articles provided an overall sample of 486 flaps, with a median follow-up of 18.5 months. In most cases, immediate reconstruction with undivided flap was performed, with equal use of extraflap and intraflap pedicles' configuration. Only 4 cases of flap failure (0.82%) were documented, with 18% overall complications and 3% fat necrosis rate. The forest plot showed significant between-study heterogeneity, and meta-regression revealed marginal positive association between older patient and complication rate.ConclusionsBipedicled DIEP flap for unilateral breast reconstruction is a technique that maintains the complications rate relatively low in challenging postmastectomy cases. Further comparative studies are needed to substantiate the findings of this study.
Hanno Millesi: Pioneer of Plastic Surgery and Nerve Surgery (1927–2017)
Authors: Holzer Elad , Schmidhammer Robert , Borschel Gregory H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Recently, plastic surgery lost one of its most prominent surgeons—Dr. Hanno Millesi. His contributions to the field continue to impact the practice of medicine and surgery. As such, it is appropriate to reflect upon his career and recognize his accomplishments in peripheral nerve surgery, hand surgery, and Dupuytren disease.
Effectiveness of Selegiline Hydrochlorate in Treating Neurosensory Disorders of the Lower Alveolar Nerve Resulting From Mandibular Sagittal Osteotomy
Authors: da Silva Mesquita Bruno , do Egito Vasconcelos Belmiro Cavalcanti , Amorim Gomes Ana Cláudia , de Souza Andrade Emanuel Sávio 
Published: November 2020

Introduction
Peripheral nerves transmit nerve signals between periphery and the spinal cord or brain stem. Its function can be compromised by trauma to the nerve, such as those that occur in surgical procedures such as orthognathic surgery. Depending on the type of injury, treatment may be proposed, but this is still a controversial point in literature. Alternative methods that assist in the treatment of paresthesia should be studied, and in this context, selegiline hydrochloride seems to be a promising drug.

Aim
Based on the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of selegiline hydrochloride in the treatment of facial sensory changes resulting from nerve injuries in patients undergoing maxillary orthognathic surgery.

Methods
This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial with the voluntary participation of individuals who underwent orthognathic surgery. The facial sensitivity of these patients was evaluated by 2-point discrimination tests and directional perception in the region related to the lower alveolar nerve. Tests were comparatively applied at times T0 (before surgery), T8 (8 days after surgery), T15 (15 days after surgery), T30 (30 days after surgery), T60 (60 days after surgery), and T90 (90 days after surgery).

Results
The mean age of patients was 31.14 years. With the comparative analysis of the 2-point static test on the chin, difference was observed between groups at times T15 (P = 0.007), T30 (P = 0.010), and T90 (P = 0.027) in the intergroup evaluation. Regarding results of the comparative analysis of the 2-point static test on the lip, difference was observed between groups at times T30 (P = 0.023), T60 (P < 0.001), and T90 (P = 0.005) in the intergroup evaluation. In the direction test on the chin, difference was observed between groups at times T30 (P = 0.015), T60 (P = 0.001), and T90 (P < 0.001) in the intergroup evaluation.

Conclusions
Selegiline hydrochloride has shown promising results in the treatment of neurosensory disorders resulting from maxillary orthognathic surgery.
Congenital Ossification Defects of the Frontal Bone: Description of a Novel Clinical Entity and the Management of Four Patients
Authors: Roumeliotis Grayson , Inciarte Maria , Thomas Gregory , Wall Steven , Mathijssen Irene , Johnson David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEmbryologic development of the frontoorbital region is complex and is affected by a series of pathologies. These primarily represent failures of fusion at the interface between the frontal bones and the skull base or between the frontal bones themselves, or frontal bone defects in association with atypical craniofacial clefts or cutis aplasia. Isolated ossification defects in the frontal bones themselves are rare, with only 1 case having been previously reported. In that report, the defect was effectively managed with an alloplastic cranioplasty. However, long term results were not presented. Here, we describe 4 cases of isolated frontal bone aplasia their management using autologous bone.
Early Patient Discharge in Selected Patients is Not Associated With Higher Readmission After Major Abdominal Operations
Authors: Turrentine Florence E. , McMurry Timothy L. , Adams Reid B. , Jones R. Scott , Zaydfudim Victor M. 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
Our objective was to examine the associations between early discharge and readmission after major abdominal operations.

Background:
Advances in patient care resulted in earlier patient discharge after complex abdominal operations. Whether early discharge is associated with patient readmissions remains controversial.

Methods:
Patients who had colorectal, liver, and pancreas operations abstracted in 2011-2017 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Data Files were included. Patient readmission was stratified by 6 operative groups. Patients who were discharged before median discharge date within each operative group were categorized as an early discharge. Analyses tested associations between early discharge and likelihood of 30-day postoperative unplanned readmission.

Results:
A total of 364,609 patients with major abdominal operations were included. Individual patient groups and corresponding median day of discharge were: laparoscopic colectomy (n = 152,575; median = 4), open colectomy (n =137,462; median = 7), laparoscopic proctectomy (n = 12,238; median = 5), open proctectomy (n = 24,925; median = 6), major hepatectomy (n = 9,805; median = 6), pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 27,604; median = 8). Early discharge was not associated with an increase in proportion of readmissions in any operative group. Early discharge was associated with a decrease in average proportion of patient readmissions compared to patients discharged on median date in each of the operative groups: laparoscopic colectomy 6% versus 8%, open colectomy 11% versus 14%, laparoscopic proctectomy 13% versus 16%, open proctectomy 13% vs 17%, major hepatectomy 8% versus 12%, pancreatoduodenectomy 16% versus 20% (all P ≤ 0.02). Serious morbidity composite was significantly lower in patients who were discharged early than those who were not in each operative group (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Early discharge in selected patients after major abdominal operations is associated with lower, and not higher, rate of 30-day unplanned readmission.
Sensorimotor Mapping With MEG: An Update on the Current State of Clinical Research and Practice With Considerations for Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: De Tiège Xavier , Bourguignon Mathieu , Piitulainen Harri , Jousmäki Veikko 
Published: November 2020

Summary:
In this article, we present the clinical indications and advances in the use of magnetoencephalography to map the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex in neurosurgical patients noninvasively. We emphasize the advantages of magnetoencephalography over sensorimotor mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Recommendations to the referring physicians and the clinical magnetoencephalographers to achieve appropriate sensorimotor cortex mapping using magnetoencephalography are proposed. We finally provide some practical advice for the use of corticomuscular coherence, cortico-kinematic coherence, and mu rhythm suppression in this indication. Magnetoencephalography should now be considered as a method of reference for presurgical functional mapping of the sensorimotor cortex.