bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered core networks of brain connectivity and personality traits in internet gaming disorder
Authors: Chun Ji-Won , Park Chang-Hyun , Kim Jin-Young , Choi Jihye , Cho Hyun , Jung Dong Jin , Ahn Kook-Jin , Choi Jung-Seok , Kim Dai-Jin , Choi In Young 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsAlthough the Internet has provided convenience and efficiency in many areas of everyday life, problems stemming from Internet use have also been identified, such as Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Internet addiction, which includes IGD, can be viewed as a behavioral addiction or impulse control disorder. This study investigated the altered functional and effective connectivity of the core brain networks in individuals with IGD compared to healthy controls (HCs).MethodsForty-five adults with IGD and 45 HCs were included in this study. To examine the brain networks related to personality traits that influence problematic online gaming, the left and right central executive network (CEN) and the salience network (SN) were included in the analysis. Also, to examine changes in major brain network topographies, we analyzed the default mode network (DMN).ResultsIGD participants showed lower functional connectivity between the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and other regions in the CEN than HC participants during resting state. Also, IGD participants revealed reduced functional connectivity between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and other regions in the SN and lower functional connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex of the anterior DMN. Notably, in IGD individuals but not HC individuals, there was a positive correlation between IGD severity and effective connectivity and a positive correlation between reward sensitivity and effective connectivity within the ventral striatum of the SN.ConclusionsProblematic online gaming was associated with neurofunctional alterations, impairing the capacity of core brain networks.
Légútbiztosítás koronavírus-fertőzött betegekben
Authors: László István , Molnár Csilla , Koszta György , Végh Tamás , Fábián Ákos , Berhés Mariann , Juhász Marianna , Fülesdi Béla 
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:
A világunkon végigvonuló koronavírus-járvány számos kihívással szembesíti az
egészségügyben dolgozókat. A vírus cseppfertőzéssel terjed, és magas a
virulenciája, ezért minden olyan beavatkozás, mely légúti aeroszolképződést
generál, potenciálisan veszélyezteti az ellátásban részt vevők egészségét. A
koronavírus-fertőzés súlyos formája progresszív légzési elégtelenséggel jár,
melynek ellátásában a korai endotrachealis intubáció és invazív gépi
lélegeztetés elengedhetetlen. Az intubáció során fokozott a légúti
aeroszolképződés veszélye, így magas az ellátó személyzet fertőződésének
veszélye. Az előzőeken túl ezen betegeknél relatíve gyakori a nehéz
légútbiztosítás is. Cikkünk célja, hogy gyakorlatorientált áttekintést adjon a
koronavírussal fertőzött betegek légútbiztosításának specialitásairól, különös
tekintettel az infekciókontroll és a betegbiztonság szempontjaira. Orv Hetil.
2020; 161(17): 696–703.
Emelt szintű szervtámogató és életfenntartó kezelések kritikus állapotú COVID–19-fertőzött betegeken
Authors: Berhés Mariann , Fábián Ákos , László István , Végh Tamás , Molnár Csilla , Fülesdi Béla , Koszta György 
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:
A COVID–19-fertőzéses, kritikus állapotba került betegek körében a
cardiorespiratoricus rendszer összeomlása a következő mechanizmusok útján
történhet: (1) citokinvihar, haemophagocytosis – szeptikus sokk, (2)
uralhatatlan hypoxaemia, (3) specifikus szervelégtelenségek, illetve többszervi
elégtelenség részjelenségeként. Ebben az összefoglalóban a fenti állapotok
ellátásának és megelőzésének jelenleg rendelkezésre álló terápiás opcióit
tekintjük át. A szeptikus sokk kezelésére az utóbbi években egyre gyakrabban és
biztató sikerességgel kerül alkalmazásra a citokinek eltávolítása
CytoSorb-haemoperfusióval. A konvencionális, mechanikus lélegeztetéssel már nem
kezelhető hypoxaemia esetén szóba jön az inhalált nitrogén-oxid (iNO), az
inhalációs formában bejuttatott epoprosztenol és a venovenosus extracorporalis
membránoxigenizáció (VV-ECMO). A többnyire késői fázisban fellépő
szervelégtelenségek gyakori komponense az akut veseelégtelenség, amely a
rendelkezésre álló folyamatos vesepótló kezelések valamelyikének indítását
igényli. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 704–709.
Clinical, gender and age aspects of the internet addiction
Authors: Shaidukova L K , Rashitova E L 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study clinical, gender, and age-related aspects of Internet addiction.
Methods. The study includes 400 people related to computer technology, which was divided into 4 study groups by age and gender: 100 adolescents aged 14.10.6 years was in the first group, 100 professional computer engineers aged 30.64.2 years in the second group, 100 male students at the age of 22.33.6 years in the third group and 100 women students aged 22.13.1 years. Clinical-psychopathological and experimental psychological methods were used: interviewing, using a modified Internet Addiction Test (IAT) divided into three categories of questions by conditions. In the work, we used the data of a previous study with increasing of the sample and numbers of objectives.
Results. A study of the clinical features of Internet addiction revealed the presence of Internet-related paranoiac reactions, which was most in the second group (52.29.8), most rare in the first group (8.31.7), and equally in the third and the fourth groups (24.44.3 and 32.16.4). For the study of gender differences in Internet addiction, were included in the third and fourth groups. 48.73.6% of all included respondents preferred virtual communication to real, 46.33.1% had signs of Internet dependence on being in cyberspace, 30.82.4% there were deviations in the psycho-emotional sphere. Male was more likely to experience severe impairment of working capacity and a decrease in energy potential (45.63.8). Communication in social networks turned out to be more relevant for women (60.38.7). The study of the age-related aspect of Internet addiction was performed in the first group. It was revealed the presence of computer games addiction in 16.32.4% adolescents, addiction to the virtual communication in 48.23.9% adolescents, web surfing addiction in 10.41.7% adolescents, mixed forms of Internet addiction in 26.72.9% respondents and also correlation of Internet addiction with the level of intelligence of the adolescents.
Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of Internet addiction developmental dynamics showed alternation various forms of this addiction and the presence of age stages.
Analysis of disability of the children due to the ear diseases and mastoid process in St. Petersburg
Authors: Goryainov I V , Vladimirova O N , Goryainova M V 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To analyze the characteristics of primary childhood disability due to diseases of the ear and mastoid process in St. Petersburg from 2001 to 2018.
Methods. It was analyzed the indicators of primary childhood disability due to diseases of the ear and mastoid process in St. Petersburg over 18 years (20012018) since the beginning of the pediatric medical and social examination service appeared in the city: number, rate and structure. For the calculation we used the statistical data of the St. Petersburg Health Committee (reporting forms No. 12 and No. 30), the Federal Treasury Institution The Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise across St. Petersburg form 7-D (social security), and data of a single automated vertically integrated information and analytical system for conducting. Statistical methods for studying disability were used: continuous observation (indicators of the number and rate of primary disability), nesting (serial) sampling to study the structure of disability (910 children recognized as disabled by the citys Bureau of Medico-social Examination from the moment of their occurrence).
Results. The rate of primary disability of children due to pathology of the ear and mastoid process for 18 years ranged from 0.34 to 1.4 per 10 thousand children , the average over the entire period of 0.77 per 10 thousand. In the structure of primary disability due to diseases of the ear and mastoid process in children, was 54.8% boys and 45.2% girls. It was recorded, that increase of the number of children recognized as disabled for the first time due to this pathology was related with an increase in the share of coverage of newborns with hearing screening, as well as an increase in the average annual number of children in St. Petersburg. Also, indicators of primary childhood disability depend on indicators of the primary incidence of ear diseases and mastoid process.
Conclusion. Indicators of the number and rate of disability of the children who were first recognized as disabled due to ear and mastoid diseases in St. Petersburg increased from 2001 to 2018, which is associated with an increase in birth rates, primary morbidity and primary detection of ear and mastoid diseases in children.
Laser technologies in the management of patients with complicated forms of sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Misbakhova A G , Abdrakhmanov A R , Belyaev A R 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study and assess the clinical effectiveness of medical laser technologies in the complex treatment of complicated forms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Methods. Modern technologies of molecular biological laboratory diagnostics in real time with Real-time amplifier CFX96 Bio-Rad Laboratorias (USA), were used for etiological diagnostics of pathogens. Determination of infectious and inflammatory lesions of tissues of the genital system was carried out using ultrasound on ALOKA CCL-680 device (Japan) using cavity sensors with an operating frequency of 5 MHz. Drug therapy was carried out in accordance with the Federal clinical recommendations of the Russian society of dermatovenerologists and cosmetologists Dermatovenerology (Moscow, 2015). To assess the effectiveness of laser technologies in complex treatment, patients with complicated forms of STIs were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group (32 patients), where only traditional therapy was used, and the main group (108 patients), in which, in addition to traditional therapy, treatment was supplemented with laser therapy.
Results. The effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in the main group was 14.0%, and treatment using laser technology was 33.1% higher than the effectiveness of treatment in the control group. This shows the effectiveness of laser technologies in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory structural changes in the tissues of the organs of the reproductive system.
Conclusion. The use of medical laser technologies in the treatment of complicated forms of STIs with a change in exposure parameters depending on the revealed inflammatory-structural changes in the tissues of the affected organs showed high efficiency (79.6%); this technology can be recommended for use in practical health care for the treatment of complicated forms of STIs.
Alcances y desarrollo del movimiento feminista y el movimiento obrero en la conformación de una democracia social en el Perú oligárquico, 1887–1919
Authors: Morales Giraldo Juan Francisco 
Published: April 2020

<p>Entre 1887 y 1919 la sociedad peruana experimentó transformaciones asociadas a una temprana expansión capitalista y un proceso de modernización incipiente. La industrialización urbana, el alfabetismo y la emergencia de una nueva clase obrera fueron características de este periodo. Surgieron entonces movimientos sociales de carácter reivindicativo por el reconocimiento de derechos y libertades. El objetivo del estudio es analizar mediante un recuento histórico la importancia que tuvieron el movimiento obrero y el movimiento feminista en la conformación de una democracia social durante este periodo y las perspectivas de cambio del régimen oligárquico.</p>
De presidentes y ministros. Cuestión de género en los casos de Argentina, Brasil y Chile
Authors: Perri María Emilia 
Published: April 2020

<p>En las últimas décadas la mujer ha ganado espacios antes impensados, transformándose en un actor importante tanto en lo público como en lo privado. América del Sur fue testigo de la llegada de mujeres a las presidencias de Chile, Brasil y Argentina, todas a través del mandato popular. Hoy dichas mujeres ya no están en el poder. Es necesario preguntarse ¿Cómo impactó ello en la configuración de los ministerios desde una perspectiva de género? Con este trabajo se buscó identificar la incidencia de la llegada de las mujeres a la presidencia sobre la composición de las carteras ministeriales en clave de género. ¿La llegada de una mujer a la presidencia asegura la apertura de espacios para el colectivo femenino?</p>
Entre lo dicho y lo hecho cuando se trata de mujeres
Authors: Antón Mariano Eugenio 
Published: April 2020

<p>En el presente trabajo se buscó indagar respecto a la institucionalización o no de los espacios concebidos por la ley como necesarios a los fines del desarrollo de políticas públicas vinculados a violencia hacia la mujer. Se detectó que dichos ámbitos pensados legalmente no siempre encuentran su correlato en el diseño institucional de manera efectiva, y, por ende, entendemos que de ello existe la posibilidad de atribuir responsabilidades concretas ante la omisión o deficiente prestación del servicio requerido al Estado.</p>
Outcomes of combined radiotherapy in high-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Potapova A.  V. , Gladilina I.  A. , Petrovsky A.  V. , Chernyaev V.  A. , Sholokhov V.  N. , Bukharkin B.  V. , Nechushkin M.  I. , Valiev R.  K. , Sergeev Yu.  S. , Rotobelskaya L.  E. , Nazarenko A.  V. 
Published: April 2020

Radiotherapy is one of the radical treatment options used in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Many studies of combined radiotherapy (CRT) for PC have demonstrated good results in respect of response to treatment; however, the sequence of CRT steps and optimal interval between them have not been determined so far. Few randomized studies have been conducted in order to confirm the advantages of brachytherapy at the first or second step or determine the most effective interval between the contact and external beam RT. Therefore, it appears reasonable to evaluate different CRT techniques.Purpose. The goal of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of PC treatment depending on the sequence of CRT steps and the interval between them.Materials and methods. 53 patients with PC received 125I radiation therapy in combination with long-term hormone therapy (HT). Median follow-up was 38 months. Patients’ age varied from 54 to 81 years. All patients were in a high-risk group according to the D’Amico Risk Classification System. The patients were allocated to two groups: in Group 1, brachytherapy was used as the first step (n=31); in Group 2, it was applied after external beam therapy (EBT). The interval between the CRT steps could be less than 4 weeks (n=6), 4 – 7 weeks (n=17) and more than 8 weeks (n=30). Standard fractionation EBT with a total dose of 46 Gy using the VMAT technique was conducted. 125I prostate implants were inserted to reach a total dose of 110 Gy. Neoadjuvant (2 – 4 months) and adjuvant (not less than 24 months) regimens of HT were applied.Results. Five (9.4 %) patients had disease progression; two of them experienced only biochemical recurrence; distant metastases were diagnosed in three patients. Median time to disease progression was 29.9 months. One patient with a biochemical relapse died of acute myocardial infarction (1.9 %). Median five-year disease-free survival was 84.5±11.7 % in Group 1 and 83.5±9.1 (p=0.73) in Group 2. There were no significant differences in the incidence of toxicity depending on the sequence of CRT steps.Conclusion. EBT using 125I radiation sources in combination with long-term hormone therapy is an effective and safe treatment option for high-risk PC patients. No significant increase in the incidence of disease progression was observed when the interval between the CRT steps was increased to more than 8 weeks. Changes in the sequence of CRT steps do not affect response to treatment or incidence of radiation-related complications.
Health Canada & Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences - Use of Real World Data/Evidence to Inform Regulatory Decision Making
Authors: CSPS/Health Canada Real World Data Workshop Group 
Published: April 2020

Real world data (RWD) and real world evidence (RWE) are playing increasing roles in health-care decisions. Real world data are routinely employed to support reimbursement and coverage decisions for drugs and devices. More recently, clinical trials incorporating pragmatic designs and observational studies are considered to supplement traditional clinical trials (e.g., randomized clinical trials). Regulatory agencies and large co-operative groups including academia and industry are exploring whether leveraging big databases such as electronic medical records and claims databases can be used to garner clinical insights extending beyond those gained from randomized controlled studies. Whether RWE can ultimately replace or improve traditional clinical trials is the big question.
The workshop held on December 3, 2019 at Health Canada included presenters from regulatory agencies, industry and academia. Health Canada, US FDA and European Medicine Agency presented current thinking, draft frameworks and guidance available in the public domain. While the three agencies might be at different stages of utilizing RWE for regulatory decision making, the consensus is not whether RWE would be used but when and how it can be incorporated into regulatory decision making while maintaining a high evidentiary bar.
The complexity of data sourcing, curating databases, aligning on common data models, illustrated by high-profile work conducted as part of Sentinel, DSEN, OHDSI and Duke-Margolis initiatives, was presented and discussed during the workshop, creating great learning opportunities for the attendees. The design and analysis of RWE studies were compared and contrasted to those of RCTs. While there are gaps, they are closing quickly as novel analytical methods are employed and innovative ways of curating data, including natural language processing and artificial intelligence, are explored.

This proceeding contains summaries of information presented by the speakers, including current highlights about the use of RWE in regulatory decision making. In the world where the uptake of “big data” in everyday life is happening at unprecedented speed, we can expect RWE to be a fast-moving area and with the potential for big impact in health-care decision making in the years to come.
APLICABILIDADE DA SIMULAÇÃO REALÍSTICA NA GRADUAÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM: EXPERIÊNCIA EM INCIDENTES COM MÚLTIPLAS VÍTIMAS
Authors: Da Silva Renan Pereira , Dos Santos Vitória Soares , Moraes Jennyffer De Souza , Andrade Ítalo Rigoberto Cavalcante , Cavalcante Rita Neuma Dantas , Freitas Julyana Gomes 
Published: April 2020

<p> Objetivo: descrever a aplicabilidade de uma simulação realística de incidentes com múltiplas vítimas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa que envolveu uma simulação realística. Participaram da simulação 250 pessoas, sendo incluídos no estudo 30 acadêmicos de enfermagem. Para a coleta de dados, aplicou-se um questionário para analisar a experiência acadêmica com simulação e paciente simulado. Resultados: a maioria (80%) dos alunos não vivenciou experiência anterior com simulação e 53,3% concordaram que houve integração entre medicina e enfermagem durante a simulação. Para 66,7% dos graduandos foi possível colocar seu conhecimento em prática, havendo contribuição para melhora do raciocínio clínico e sobre as condutas realizadas. Conclusão: a utilização da simulação realística na graduação de enfermagem é uma estratégia metodológica que contribui para o aprendizado e possibilita aos acadêmicos vivenciarem situações do seu futuro ambiente profissional.</p><p>Descritores: Educação em Enfermagem. Treinamento por Simulação. Incidentes com Feridos em Massa. Enfermagem em Emergência. cia.</p>
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) DI DESA SUMBER KEJAYAN KECAMATAN MAYANG KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Infitah Nurul , Sukidin Sukidin , Hartanto Wiwin 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas PKH pada aspek input, proses dan output di Desa Sumber Kejayan Kecamatan Mayang Kabupaten Jember. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Keluarga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) di Desa Sumber Kejayan yang terdiri dari 84 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, dokumen dan observasi dengan teknik analisis data persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PKH di Desa Sumber Kejayan Kecamatan Mayang Kabupaten Jember telah efektif pada aspek input, proses dan output bidang pendidikan dan kesejahteraan sosial.
Persentase hasil penelitian pada aspek input menunjukkan hasil sebesar 68,3%, aspek proses sebesar 84% dan output bidang pendidikan untuk kriteria anak usia sekolah didaftarkan di satuan pendidikan sebesar 99% dan persentase kehadiran anak usia sekolah sebesar 88% serta kesejahteraan sosial sebesar 84%. Sedangkan pada aspek output bidang kesehatan pada kategori KPM usia 1-5 tahun belum efektif. Hal itu dikarenakan dari 8 (delapan) kriteria terdapat 2 (dua) kriteria responden yang memiliki anak usia 0-11 bulan yang tidak sesuai dengan persentase yang diharapkan. Kriteria tersebut adalah frekuensi Ibu yang kurang dalam memeriksakan kesehatan ke fasilitas kesehatan pada masa nifas sebesar 44% dan kriteria tentang frekuensi yang kurang pada pemeriksaan kesehatan bayi 0-1 bulan di fasilitas kesehatan sebesar 32%. Kemudian indikator output PKH yang belum efektif juga terdapat pada pola makan anak usia 1-5 tahun dalam kesehariannya yang belum memenuhi 4 (empat) sehat 5 (lima) sempurna yaitu sebesar 40%.
Foam and Nitrified Fluid Treatments—Stimulation Techniques and More
Authors: King George E. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The addition of compressed gas to a stimulation fluid may be one of the biggest advances in well treating technology in the past two decades. When carefully designed and applied, foams and treatments using gas can result in better stimulations through improved proppant placement, more rapid cleanup, and in some cases, less damage from the treating fluid.
Alas, foam treatments are neither magic nor can they be used as universal stimulations. Obtaining the maximum benefit from a foam or nitrified fluid requires thoughtful design and careful application. This paper provides information on how to get it done.