bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent Inequality in Access to Rheumatology Care for Females After the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Katz Steven J. , Ye Carrie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the effect of biological sex on wait‐times to first rheumatology appointment in a central triage system before, during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsDe‐identified data of patients referred to one centralised Rheumatology referral centre between November 2019 and December 2023 were extracted from the electronic medical record. Variables collected and analysed included time from referral to first appointment, biological sex, referral period, triage urgency, age, and geographic location.Results19,681 referrals were identified. In the pre‐COVID period, there was no significant difference in wait‐times by biological sex or age. After adjusting for triage level, age and geographic location, females waited significantly longer in the peri‐COVID period versus males (10.2 days, 95% CI 7.1, 13.3), which persisted in the post‐COVID period (7.5 days, 95% CI 4.0, 11.1). Similarly, younger patients waited longer than older patients in the peri‐COVID period (4.7 fewer days per decade increase in age (95% 3.9, 5.6)). This age discrepancy persisted through the post‐COVID period (2.3 days, 95% CI 1.6, 3.5). Geographic location was a significant predictor of wait‐times in the post‐COVID period, with those outside of Edmonton waiting longer than in Edmonton. Once the change in referral pattern from Northwest Territories was accounted for, this discrepancy ceased.ConclusionsFemale and younger patients have been disproportionately impacted by wait‐time increases during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with minimal improvements observed during the post‐COVID period. These findings should prompt further investigation into the underlying causes of these observed inequities in access to rheumatology care to identify solutions.
Voice Quality After Anterior Commissure Cordectomy Versus Marginal Cordectomy for cT1 Glottic Carcinoma: A Case‐Series
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Baudouin Robin , Remacle Marc J. , Crevier‐Buchman Lise , Hans Stephane 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the presurgical to postsurgical voice quality (VQ) outcomes of types I, II, III, and VI transoral laser cordectomies (TLC).Study designProspective uncontrolled study.SettingMulticenter study.MethodsPatients treated with TLC for a cT1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma were recruited from 2 European hospitals. The pre‐ to 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month post‐TLC VQ was investigated with the voice handicap index (VHI), GRBAS, speech rate, maximal phonation time (MPT), and acoustic parameters. VQ was compared between types of TLC (types I, II, III, VI).ResultsNinety‐six patients completed the evaluations (16 females). The TLC consists of type I (N = 30), II (N = 27), III (N = 19), and VI (N = 20), respectively. The mean ages of groups ranged from 55.3 to 65.5 years. The VQ significantly improved from pre‐ to 3‐, and 12‐month post‐TLC in types I, II, and III TLC groups. Only grade of dysphonia was significantly improved in type VI TLC after 6‐ and 12‐month post‐TLC. Type VI TLC reported higher values of F0, breathiness, and percent jitter than types I to III TLC 6‐ and 12‐month after the surgery. Percent jitter, F0, and the breathiness were the voice outcomes that highlight the differences in VQ between TLC groups.ConclusionThe pre‐ to 12‐month post‐TLC evolution of VQ is better in types I‐II TLC compared to types III and VI. Type VI TLC reported the worse VQ at baseline and throughout the follow‐up.
Evaluating HPV Vaccination‐Related Content on a Burgeoning Social Media Platform: Insufficient Quality of TikTok
Authors: Lin Matthew E. , Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Castellanos Carlos X. , West Jonathan D. , Luu Neil , Kokot Niels C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveAssessing the quality of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination‐related content on TikTok is crucial due to its popularity among adolescents. We assessed these videos while comparing the content and quality of videos with and without physician involvement.Study DesignCross‐sectional cohort analysis.SettingHPV vaccination‐related TikTok videos.MethodsThe TikTok library was queried using the search terms #HPVvaccine, #HPVvaccination, #Gardasil, #Gardasilvaccine, and #Gardasilvaccination. Video quality was evaluated using the DISCERN scale, assessing treatment‐related information quality. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize our cohort. t Test and Fischer's exact test were used to assess for differences in video content and quality based on physician involvement. Significance was set at P < .05.ResultsOur search yielded 131 videos, averaging 68,503.12 views, 2314.27 likes, and 89.28 comments per video. Videos frequently involved physicians (48.09%), focused on education (54.96%) or advocacy (22.90%), and were US‐made (68.90%). Otolaryngologists were rarely featured (3.17%). While most videos mentioned the HPV vaccine protected against cancer generally (86.26%), and cervical cancer specifically (67.94%), few discussed its protective effect against head and neck cancer (26.72%). Videos infrequently discussed updated eligibility among all adults ≤45 years of age (26.72%) or that men can also receive the vaccine (28.24%). Physician‐involved videos were more focused on education (P < .001) and focused less on patient experiences (P < .001) and advocacy (P = .036). Overall DISCERN scores were low among physician (mean = 2.46, SD = 1.13) and nonphysician (mean = 2.09, SD = 1.02) content.ConclusionTikTok HPV vaccination content is poor in quality, even with physician involvement. Enhancing content quality and increasing otolaryngologist participation can boost HPV awareness and vaccination rates.
Association of Neighborhood‐Level Area Deprivation with Demographics and Outcomes in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Asthana Shravan , Park Asher C. , Talwar Abhinav , Burdett Kirsten B. , Puchi Christopher , Ibrahim Ahmed , Dunne Olivia , Patel Urjeet , Samant Sandeep , Stepan Katelyn O. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize neighborhood‐level area deprivation's association with oropharyngeal carcinoma clinicodemographics, tumor staging, recurrence, and overall survival.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingSingle institution academic medical center.MethodsPatients diagnosed with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) between 2007 and 2022 at our institution were included in this study. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was used to quantify neighborhood‐level disadvantage based on patients’ primary residence at the time of their diagnosis. Continuous variables were compared between groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. For categorical variables, proportions were compared using Fisher's exact test. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) distributions were estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test. OS and RFS were further assessed by univariable and multivariable analyses performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThe higher ADI (more disadvantaged) group consisted of a significantly greater proportion of Black race (P < .001), 10+ pack‐year smoking history (P = .003), and Medicare patients (P = .018). On logistic regression analysis, neither ADI nor other social factors were significantly associated with increased likelihood of advanced clinical staging in the p16 positive OPSCC population. Furthermore, while ADI did not correspond with significant differences in survival, multivariate cox regression model demonstrated that “Other” insurance type (Medicaid and uninsured) (hazard ratio [HR] = 10.1, P = .008), age at diagnosis (1.10, P < .001), and advanced clinical staging (HR = 3.25, P = .004) were all significantly associated with increased HR of death.ConclusionWhile ADI may not be significantly associated with outcomes in HPV‐related OPSCC patients, this study revealed significant sociodemographic and risk factor differences across ADIs, as well as individual factors influencing prognosis. These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to understanding factors influencing HPV‐related OPSCC incidence and prognosis.
The Role of Prenatal Ultrasound and Added Value of Post‐Mortem Radiographic Imaging With X‐Ray and CT in Suspected Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia
Authors: Rajala Katri , Toiviainen‐Salo Sanna , Mäkitie Outi , Stefanovic Vedran , Tanner Laura 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to assess the diagnostic value of post‐mortem radiographic imaging compared with prenatal ultrasound in suspected fetal skeletal dysplasias in a large Finnish cohort.MethodPrenatal ultrasound findings and their association with post‐mortem radiographic imaging were evaluated in a cohort of 36 fetuses with prenatally suspected skeletal dysplasia.ResultsPrenatal ultrasound performed well in detecting skeletal dysplasias and severe forms of the disease. Additional radiographic imaging was performed post‐mortem in 16/27 terminated pregnancies. Post‐mortem X‐ray and 3D‐CT detected several features not seen with US. They were superior to US in identifying spinal and thoracic anomalies and performed better in discovering fractures and deformities of long bones. In addition, disease‐specific findings became more accurate with X‐ray/CT, especially in the group of true skeletal dysplasias (14/18, 77.8%). Post‐mortem X‐ray and CT increased phenotypic data and facilitated interpretation of genetic findings.ConclusionPost‐mortem X‐ray and CT offer additional information supporting the diagnostic process. Detailed phenotypic data are important in interpreting the results of genetic analyses and in assessing the recurrence risk in future pregnancies. Complementary imaging methods including post‐mortem radiography are therefore recommended.
PSA Density and Lesion Volume: Key Factors in Avoiding Unnecessary Biopsies for PI‐RADS 3 Lesions
Authors: Ayranci Ali , Caglar Ufuk , Yazili Huseyin Burak , Erdal Feyzi Sinan , Erbin Akif , Sarilar Omer , Ozgor Faruk 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide prostate biopsies has improved cancer detection rates, particularly for high‐grade tumors. However, despite guidelines recommending biopsies for lesions with a Prostate Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (PI‐RADS) score ≥ 3, the clinical significance of PI‐RADS 3 lesions remains uncertain. This uncertainty, coupled with the cost and potential complications of biopsies, underscores the need for more accurate risk stratification strategies to avoid unnecessary procedures. Prostate‐specific antigen density (PSAD) and index lesion volume are emerging as potential contributors to improve risk assessment.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of patients who had undergone an MRI‐guided transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostate biopsy at a tertiary care institution. Patients with PI‐RADS 3 lesions were included, and data on demographics, prostate‐specific antigens (PSA), PSAD, lesion diameter, and pathology results were collected. The relationships between PSAD, lesion volume, and pathology outcomes were statistically analyzed.ResultsOf the 213 patients included, 40 were diagnosed with prostate cancer. PSAD and PSAD x lesion diameter were significantly higher in the patients diagnosed with prostate cancer than those with benign lesions. Among the prostate cancer patients, clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) had a higher mean PSAD value than clinically insignificant prostate cancer (cisPCa). ROC analysis found PSAD x lesion diameter to have the highest discriminatory power for detecting csPCa.DiscussionMRI‐guided biopsies offer targeted sampling but the clinical significance of PI‐RADS 3 lesions remains uncertain. Index lesion volume and PSAD are promising adjunctive markers for risk assessment. Combining these factors could facilitate the avoidance of unnecessary biopsies and improve the detection of csPCa.ConclusionIncorporating PSAD and index lesion volume into biopsy decision‐making may enhance risk stratification, particularly for PI‐RADS 3 lesions. Further research is needed to validate these findings and enhance the risk assessment strategies used in making decisions regarding prostate biopsy.
Identification of differentially expressed genes in human testis biopsies with defective spermatogenesis
Authors: Kothalawala Shashika D. , Günther Stefan , Schuppe Hans‐Christian , Pilatz Adrian , Wagenlehner Florian , Kliesch Sabine , O'Donnell Liza , Fietz Daniela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeSperm morphology and motility are major contributors to male‐factor infertility, with many genes predicted to be involved. This study aimed to elucidate differentially expressed transcripts in human testis tissues of normal and abnormal spermatogenesis that could reveal new genes that may regulate sperm morphology and function.MethodsHuman testis biopsies were collected from men with well‐characterized phenotypes of normal spermatogenesis, spermatid arrest, and Sertoli cell‐only phenotype, and transcriptional differences were quantified by RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐Seq). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered based on predominant expression in spermatids and gene functional annotations relevant to sperm morphology and motility. Selected 10 DEGs were validated by qRT‐PCR and the localization of two proteins was determined in testis biopsies.ResultsThe analysis revealed 6 genes (SPATA31E1, TEKT3, SLC9C1, PDE4A, CFAP47, and TNC) that are excellent candidates for novel genes enriched in developing human sperm. The immunohistochemical localization of two proteins, ORAI1 and SPATA31E1, in testis biopsies, verified that both are expressed in developing human germ cells, with SPATA31E1 enriched in late spermatocytes and spermatids.ConclusionThis study identified human germ cell‐enriched genes that could play functional roles in spermiogenesis and could thus be important in the development of morphologically normal, motile sperm.
Lipid droplet biogenesis in the ovary
Authors: Ibayashi Megumi , Tsukamoto Satoshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundLipid droplets (LDs) are organelles consisting of a central core of neutral lipids covered by a single layer of phospholipids and are found in most eukaryotic cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that LDs not only store neutral lipids but also coordinate with other organelles for lipid metabolism within cells.MethodsThis review focuses on the synthesis of LDs during follicular development and highlights the factors involved in the regulation of LD biogenesis within the ovary.Main FindingsIn the mammalian ovary, the presence of LDs has long been recognized mainly by morphological analysis. However, their distribution in the ovary varies according to the region and cell type; for example, LDs are abundant in the medulla, which has a rich blood vessel network, in interstitial cells, which are the site of steroid production, and surrounding growing follicles, while they are poor in granulosa cells within follicles. LDs are also enriched in the corpus luteum after ovulation and massively accumulate in atretic follicles during follicular growth. Furthermore, LD synthesis is synchronized with angiogenesis during follicular development.ConclusionAddressing the functional link between LD biogenesis and angiogenesis is essential for understanding the molecular basis underlying LD biology, as well as the ovarian dysfunction with metabolic disorders.
Inflammatory responses in early pregnancy: Physiological and pathological perspectives
Authors: Negishi Yasuyuki , Morita Rimpei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral conditions such as infertility, repeated implantation failure, and recurrent pregnancy loss can pose challenges in early pregnancy. These issues can be caused by the abnormal inflammatory response with various factors, including exogenous and endogenous agents, and pathogenic and nonpathogenic agents. In addition, they can be exacerbated by maternal immune response to the abovementioned factors.MethodsThis review aimed to assess the detrimental inflammatory effects of chronic endometritis, endometrial microbiota disturbance, and maternal immune system abnormalities on early pregnancy. Further, essential details such as ovulation, implantation, trophoblast invasion, and placental formation, were examined, thereby highlighting the beneficial roles of inflammation.Main FindingsExcessive inflammation was associated with various early pregnancy disorders. Meanwhile, a lack of appropriate inflammation could also contribute to the development of different early pregnancy complications.ConclusionExcessive inflammation and insufficient inflammation can possibly lead to abnormal conditions in early pregnancy, and appropriate inflammation is required for a successful pregnancy.
The Ethonomedical Profiles and Pharmacological Properties of Phytochemicals From Curcuma longa Linn. ‐ A Decade Update
Authors: Saha Sudipta 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant (Zingiberaceae family) turmeric (Curcuma longa) contains curcumin as a major pharmacologically active phytochemical which can alleviate many serious health issues such as inflammation, diabetics, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, hepatobiliary illness, diarrhea, gastric and peptic ulcers, and psoriasis. Its origins trace back to India, yet it's extensively grown in regions like China, Sri Lanka, West, and East Africa, as well as other tropical nations. Referred to as Jianghuang or Huangjiang in China, this plant plays a significant role in Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) for therapeutic purposes. Recent study also reported that Curcuma longa bioactive substances possess neuroprotective activity, antiobesity activity, cardio protective activity, antioxidant activities, and antimicrobial activities. The various bioactive phytochemicals present in C. longa is the hallmark of its bioactivity. Various in vitro and in vivo studies on C. longa in the animal model supports its ethonomedical activities of its numerous phytochemical constituents. Still the proper analysis of its fluctuating prospective is not applied into the emerging innovative treatments in finest situation. The full exploitation of the application and mechanism of action of various biologically active phytochemicals of C. longa has to be done. Although, human medical trials and quality control studies are essential to determine the adequate and innocuous quantity of C. longa and its key phytochemical curcumin along with other pharmacologically active phytochemicals for the management of various health issues. This review will offer platforms to the pharmaceutical industries to improve pharmaceutical materials based on turmeric. The added advantage is that the turmeric‐based natural products are safe, nontoxic, inexpensive, and widely available.
Design and Synthesis of Isatin‐1,2,3‐triazole Hybrids as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Mohite Bhavika , Chabhadiya Bhadreshkumar K. , Kapadiya Khushal M. , Khedkar Vijay M. , Jauhari Smita 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIsatin, a chemically defined indole‐1H‐2,3‐dione, is widely considered a desirable therapeutic fragment in the field of drug discovery. Similarly, the 1,2,3‐triazole ring is a major pharmacophore system among nitrogen containing heterocycles. Molecular hybrids comprising isatin and acyl azides functions linked by triazole rings were synthesized and tested for cytotoxic effects against sixty human cancer cell lines due to the drug resistance with most of the currently utilized anticancer medicines. The 1,2,3‐triazole‐isatin hybrids (8a–8j) were produced in high yields and with exceptional purity via Huisgen's 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition involving acyl azide, 7a–7j, and an Isatin‐based N‐alkyne 3 in the presence of water as the principal solvent and n‐Bu‐OH and DMF as cosolvents. compounds 8c, 8g, and 8hshowed highly effective growth inhibition against breast, leukemia, and melanoma cell lines, with mortality ranging from 6% to 99% and PGI = >70% in the majority of instances. While 8a and 8b showed weak to moderate action against all the tested cancer cell line and few compounds 8d, 8f, 8i, and 8j shows low activity. A molecular docking study against cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK2) could provide insights into the mechanistic basis of antitumor activity.
Boosting Carrier Mobility in Novel Naphthodithiophene Diimide (NDTI)‐Based Triad Through π‐Conjugation Expansion
Authors: Ran Huijuan , Kang Kun , Wang Tongyi , Wang Jing Yao , Tang Xue , Hu Jian‐Yong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnhancing the length of π‐conjugation in molecules represents an efficient strategy for fine‐tuning the optoelectronic characteristics of organic semiconductors. Nevertheless, this approach is infrequently conducted for small molecules with n‐type properties. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a novel naphthodithiophene diimide (NDTI)‐based small‐molecule semiconductor, NDTI‐BBTE, featuring a long benzo[b]thiophen‐2‐ylethynyl (BTE) end cap. NDTI‐BBTE exhibits good solubility in some common organic solvents and a LUMO energy level of −4.15 eV, promoting stable electron transport in ambient conditions. Compared to our previously reported NDTI‐BET with a thiophenylethynyl end cap, NDTI‐BBTE shows improved device performance, achieving a maximum electron mobility of 0.052 cm2 V⁻¹ s⁻¹ under identical conditions. The XRD and AFM measurements reveal that NDTI‐BBTE has lower d‐spacing and higher crystallinity than NDTI‐BTE. These results demonstrate that increasing π‐conjugation length of the molecules is a simple and effective strategy for designing solution‐processable, air‐stable n‐type organic semiconductors for printed electronics.
Does Allostatic Load in 50–89‐Year‐Olds Predict the Development of Frailty? Evidence From a National Longitudinal Study Over 12 Years
Authors: Arkesteijn Marco , Bennett Rachel , Davies Jennifer L. , Sumner Rachel C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFrailty is characterised by a loss of function across several domains but is not an inevitable aspect of ageing and can be reversed with intervention. Determining those who are more likely to become frail before physical deficits become manifest will allow earlier intervention. One promising indicator of the potential for frailty is allostatic load, a physiological status associated with prolonged stress that is, characterised by multisystem dysfunction. Previous research has sought to understand the links between allostatic load and frailty, but has not yet explored whether allostatic load may be a predictive factor at younger ages and—if so—at what age it may be predictive. The present study sets out establish whether allostatic load can be used as a predictive indicator of frailty. Using the English Longitudinal Survey on Ageing (ELSA) data with an anticipated sample of 1500 people between 50 and 89 years old, time series analysis will determine if, and at what age, allostatic load may be predictive of pre‐frailty and frailty. The findings of these analyses may be supportive of early identification of frailty by establishing an age at which a diagnostic test for allostatic load may prove a critical indicator for future frailty.