bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the dynamic structural changes of DNA using ultrafast laser pulse in graphene‐based optofluidic device
Authors: Shivananju Bannur N. , Zhou Lu , Yin Yuefeng , Yu Wenzhi , Shabbir Babar , Mu Haoran , Bao Xiaozhi , Zhang Yiqiu , Tian Sun , Ou Qingdong , Li Shaojuan , Hossain Mohammad M. , Zhang Yupeng , Shao Huaiyu , Xing Guichuan , Medhekar Nikhil V. , Li Chang‐Ming , Liu Jian , Bao Qiaoliang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe ultrafast monitoring of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) dynamic structural changes is an emerging and rapidly growing research topic in biotechnology. The existing optical spectroscopy used to identify different dynamical DNA structures lacks quick response while requiring large consumption of samples and bulky instrumental facilities. It is highly demanded to develop an ultrafast technique that monitors DNA structural changes with the external stimulus or cancer‐related disease scenarios. Here, we demonstrate a novel photonic integrated graphene‐optofluidic device to monitor DNA structural changes with the ultrafast response time. Our approach is featured with an effective and straightforward design of decoding the electronic structure change of graphene induced by its interactions with DNAs in different conformations using ultrafast nanosecond pulse laser and achieving refractive index sensitivity of ~3 × 10−5 RIU. This innovative technique for the first time allows us to perform ultrafast monitoring of the conformational changes of special DNA molecules structures, including G‐quadruplex formation by K+ ions and i‐motif formation by the low pH stimulus. The graphene‐optofluidic device as presented here provides a new class of label‐free, ultrafast, ultrasensitive, compact, and cost‐effective optical biosensors for medical and healthcare applications.image
Probiotics with ameliorating effects on the severity of skin inflammation in psoriasis: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies
Authors: Atabati Hadi , Esmaeili Seyed‐Alireza , Saburi Ehsan , Akhlaghi Maedeh , Raoofi Amir , Rezaei Nima , Momtazi‐Borojeni Amir Abbas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractExperimental and clinical studies have confirmed safety and the medical benefits of probiotics as immunomodulatory medications. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effect of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of inflammatory disorders, even, outside the gut. Probiotics have shown promising results for curing skin‐influencing inflammatory disorders through modulating the immune response by manipulating the gut microbiome. Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease, which exhibits a microbiome distinct from the normal skin. In the present review, we considered the impact of gastrointestinal microbiota on the psoriasis pathogenesis, and through literature survey, attempted to explore probiotic species utilized for psoriasis treatment.
Heterocycles 51: Liphophilicity investigation of some thiazole chalcones and aurones by experimental and theoretical methods
Authors: Coman Fana‐Maria , Leonte Denisa , Toma Alexandra , Casoni Dorina , Vlase Laurian , Zaharia Valentin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReversed‐phase thin‐layer chromatography and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography were used for lipophilicity determination of a library of 30 thiazole chalcones and aurones previously synthetized in our laboratory. The experimental lipophilicity data have been compared with theoretical lipophilicity parameters estimated by various computational methods. Good correlations between the experimental and calculated lipophilicity parameters have been found for both investigated classes of compounds. Correlations between the lipophilicity of the thiazole chalcones and aurones and their antiproliferative activity were discussed. The methodologies and data gathered in this study will contribute to the lipophilicity studies of chalcones and aurones derivatives, two important classes of compounds in medicinal chemistry.
Fabrication of a Highly Stretchable, Wrinkle‐Free Electrode with Switchable Transparency Using a Free‐Standing Silver Nanofiber Network and Shape Memory Polymer Substrate
Authors: Yoon Jihyun , An Yongsan , Hong Seok Bin , Myung Jun Ho , Sun Jeong‐Yun , Yu Woong‐Ryeol 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTransparent and stretchable electrodes (TSEs) are a key technology for the next generation of stretchable electronics and optoelectronics. Metallic nanofibers are widely used because of their good optoelectrical properties, but they demonstrate low stretchability. To enhance stretchability, fabricating in‐plane buckled nanofibers with the aid of a prestrained substrate has become crucial in this research field. Here, a composite comprising shape memory polymer–TSE (SMP–TSE) using crosslinked polycyclooctene as a substrate, which shows wrinkle‐free deformation and switchable optical transparency, is fabricated. Because of its considerable elongation without residual strain and the shape memory behavior of polycyclooctene, in‐plane buckled nanofibers are formed effectively. For fabrication of SMP–TSE, continuous and thin metallic nanofiber that can maintain its structural integrity is required; therefore, electrospinning and an ultraviolet reduction process to create a free‐standing, conductive, nanofiber network are used. Because of its in‐plane buckled nanofibers, the electrode maintained its resistance during 3000 cycles of a bending test and 900 cycles of a tensile test. Furthermore, SMP–TSE is able to electrically control its temperature, optical transparency, elastic modulus, and shape memory behavior. Finally, the use of SMP–TSE in a smart display that can control its optical and mechanical properties is demonstrated.
Registration of photoperiod insensitive pigeonpea cultivar ‘Lázaro’
Authors: Viteri Diego M. , Bosques Angel , Linares Angela M. , Huynh Bao‐Lam , Roberts Philip A. , Sarmiento Leidy , Pérez Mariela 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill.] cultivar ‘Lázaro’ (Reg no. CV‐331, PI 692612) was developed in the United States at the Isabela and Lajas Research Substations at the University of Puerto Rico in collaboration with researchers at the University of California, Riverside. Lázaro was derived from the bi‐parental cross ‘2B‐Bushy’/OP‐61 and traces back to the selection of F2 individual plants insensitive to long daylength (>12 h) and advanced by a combination of pedigree and bulk breeding methods. Lázaro is photoperiod insensitive, and its yield performance was tested in six environments with checks in Puerto Rico and under furrow and drip irrigation systems in California in 2017 and 2018. Lázaro has a determinate growth habit, initiates flowering from 69 to 94 d, reaches harvesting maturity between 130 to 149 d, and has a small beige seed (17 g per 100 seeds). Mean seed yield varied from 338 to 1,091 kg ha−1 in Puerto Rico and >3,300 kg ha−1 in California. Furthermore, Lázaro can be planted year‐round compared with cultivars ‘Cortada’, ‘Guerrero’, and ‘ICP 7035’, which are photoperiod sensitive and thus only recommended for planting under short‐daylength conditions.
Highly Efficient Fabricating Amorphous Photonic Crystals Using Less Polar Solvents and the Wettability‐Based Information Storage and Recognition
Authors: Yang Xiaolan , Yang Dongpeng , Chen Yuanyu , Hu Yang , Huang Shaoming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFacile and efficient fabrication of amorphous photonic crystals (APCs) with uniform and angle independent structural colors is highly desired due to their unique applications in non‐iridescent colors‐based displays, pigments, and sensors. Here, a solvent‐assisted colloidal assembly approach is reported to fabricate APCs with uniform and angle‐independent structural colors by the self‐assembly of polydopamine‐embedded silica particles in pentanol. The surface charge of the particle mediated by the polarity of solvent is demonstrated to be the key to control the particle arrangements and the angle dependency of the structural colors, which makes the fabrication more efficient, simple, and convenient compared to previous methods. Owing to the amorphous structures, the APCs show unique sensitivity to the variation of the refractive index contrast. Based on this unique sensitivity of APCs, an information storage‐recognition system is established by constructing different wettability between the information and background region. The information integrated with the color, the number, and the site of APCs of the system can be stored and recognized at dry and wetting state, respectively, and the switching of the storage‐recognition process is fully reversible. These findings provide new insights into the design, fabrication, and application of materials with non‐iridescent structural colors.
Is it better not to think about it? Effects of positive and negative perfectionistic cognitions when there is increased pressure to perform
Authors: Prestele Elisabeth , Altstötter‐Gleich Christine , Lischetzke Tanja 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith the present research, we aimed to extend prior knowledge on the associations between dispositional perfectionism, perfectionistic cognitions and indicators of distress by considering both the level of between‐person differences and the level of within‐person fluctuations. We conducted two studies in which we assessed dispositional perfectionism once, plus we assessed perfectionistic cognitions across a predefined period of time (Study 1) and on a daily level (Study 2) during a highly demanding period of time. We found evidence for differential bivariate and unique associations of perfectionistic strivings cognitions (PSC) and perfectionistic concerns cognitions (PCC) with dispositional perfectionistic strivings (DPS) and dispositional perfectionistic concerns (DPC), perfectionism‐specific cues, and indicators of distress. Beyond this, PCC emerged as an important mediator of the effects of DPS and DPC on distress.
Three prongs for prudent climate policy
Authors: Aldy Joseph E. , Zeckhauser Richard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor three decades, advocates for climate change policy have simultaneously emphasized the urgency of taking ambitious actions to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and provided false reassurances of the feasibility of doing so. The policy prescription has relied almost exclusively on a single approach: reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other GHGs. Since 1990, global CO2emissions have increased 60%, atmospheric CO2concentrations have raced past 400 ppm, and temperatures increased at an accelerating rate. The one‐prong strategy has not worked. After reviewing emission mitigation's poor performance and low‐probability of delivering on long‐term climate goals, we advance a three‐pronged strategy for mitigating climate change risks: adding adaptation and amelioration—through solar radiation management (SRM)—to the emission mitigation approach. We highlight SRM's potential, at dramatically lower cost than emission mitigation, to play a key role in offsetting warming. We address the moral hazard reservation held by environmental advocates—that SRM would diminish emission mitigation incentives—and posit that SRM deployment might even serve as an “awful action alert” that galvanizes more ambitious emission mitigation. We conclude by emphasizing the value of an iterative act‐learn‐act policy framework that engages all three prongs for limiting climate change damages.
Chemothermally Driven Out‐of‐Equilibrium Materials for Macroscopic Motion
Authors: Muradyan Hurik , Guan Zhibin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn nature, living systems operate far from equilibrium by consuming and dissipating energy to perform vital processes. Biological systems use chemically derived energy to power out‐of‐equilibrium processes to generate complex macroscopic motion by dissipating energy at the molecular scale. In contrast, it remains a major challenge to create synthetic out‐of‐equilibrium systems that operate on the macroscopic scale. Herein we report a chemically fueled out‐of‐equilibrium system that can perform macroscopic actuation and do work by lifting objects. We achieve this by driving a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) transition of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAm) hydrogels with heat generated by a copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) reaction. Upon completion of the reaction, heat dissipates to the environment, and the system returns to equilibrium, completing one cycle of out‐of‐equilibrium behavior, which can be repeated for multiple cycles by adding new chemical fuels.
Reducing food waste generation in Thailand through environmental consciousness, green marketing, and purchasing discipline: Mediating role of recycling behavior
Authors: Sawasdee Aksorn , Rodboonsong Sudarat , Joemsittiprasert Watcharin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFood wastage has been reached to an alarming level and many social and governmental bodies are scared from the respective numbers. A significant bulk from such food wastage occurs due to non‐recycling of wastage and thus pollution is been generating every day from the same dilemma. This study has tried to see the role of environmental consciousness, green marketing, and purchasing discipline on food wastage generation in mediating the role of recycling behavior. Data have been collected from Thailand where many tourists stay engage in this harmful activity. Responses of 303 respondents have been analyzed on SPSS and AMOS through different statistical tests. Results have indicated that green marketing and purchasing discipline significantly reduces the food waste generation while environmental consciousness did not show significant impact. Recycling behavior significantly mediates between green marketing and food wastage and between purchasing decision and food wastage but not for environmental consciousness. This study has a lot of worthy implications for academia, practice, and society.
Intraoperative Strahlentherapie – Indikationen und Optionen in der Viszeralchirurgie
Authors: Joechle Katharina , Gkika Eleni , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Lang Sven A. , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die intraoperative Strahlentherapie (IORT) ermöglicht durch die chirurgische Exposition des Tumors und des Tumorbetts eine hohe Präzision, welche eine hohe Strahlendosis im Bereich des Tumors zulässt und gleichzeitig gesundes Gewebe als den dosislimitierenden Faktor vor Strahlung schützt. Aus diesem Grund bietet die IORT besonders dann einen Vorteil, wenn die lokale Tumorkontrolle das Langzeitüberleben entscheidend beeinflusst und Funktionserhalt ermöglicht.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die in dieser Übersichtsarbeit aufgearbeiteten Erkenntnisse aus der Literaturrecherche erlauben einen evidenzbasierten Umgang hinsichtlich Indikationen und Therapieoptionen der IORT für intraabdominelle Tumoren.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung
Die Effektivität der IORT kann anhand der vorhandenen Evidenzlage nicht abschließend beurteilt werden, jedoch ist die IORT als Ergänzung der multimodalen Therapie bei (Rezidiv‑)Rektumkarzinomen und Sarkomen aktiv im klinischen Alltag etabliert. Magen- und Pankreaskarzinome stellen weitere Indikationen dar; ergänzende Studien sind jedoch notwendig, um die Rolle der IORT hier klar zu definieren. Ein wesentlicher Faktor, damit für Patienten mit primärem Karzinom und insbesondere für Patienten mit lokalem Rezidiv verbesserte lokale Rezidiv- und Überlebensraten erreicht werden können, scheint die Patientenselektion zu sein.
On the Ethics of Psychometric Instruments Used in Leadership Development Programmes
Authors: Wilson Suze , Lee Hugh , Ford Jackie , Harding Nancy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe leadership development industry regularly claims to aid in developing effective, ethical leaders, using 360-degree psychometric assessments as key tools for so doing. This paper analyses the effects of such tools on those subjected to and subjectivised by them from a Foucauldian perspective. We argue that instead of encouraging ethical leadership such instruments inculcate practices and belief systems that perpetuate falsehoods, misrepresentations and inequalities. ‘Followers’ are presumed compliant, malleable beings needing leaders to determine what is in their interests. Such techniques pursue productivity and profitability, rather than ethical leadership. We examine the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, a widely used 360-degree tool that measures transformational leadership, as an illustrative case study to substantiate these criticisms.
Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation in Elderly Patients
Authors: Schäfer Andreas , Flierl Ulrike , Berliner Dominik , Bauersachs Johann 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIschaemic stroke and systemic embolism are the major potentially preventable complications of atrial fibrillation (AF) leading to severe morbidity and mortality. Anticoagulation using vitamin K antagonists (VKA) or non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is mandatory for stroke prevention in AF. Following approval of the four NOACs dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, the use of VKA is declining steadily. Increasing age with thresholds of 65 and 75 years is a strong risk factor when determining annual stroke risk in AF patients. Current recommendations such as the “2016 Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation” of the European Society of Cardiology and the “2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update” by the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association, and the Heart Rhythm Society strengthen the importance of anticoagulation and detection of bleeding risks, of which older age is an important one. While patients aged ≥ 75 years are usually underrepresented in randomised clinical trials, they represent almost 40% of the trial populations in the large NOAC approval studies. Therefore, a sufficient amount of data is available to assess the efficacy and safety for this patient cohort in that specific indication. In this article, the evidence for stroke prevention in AF using either VKA or NOACs is summarised with a special focus on efficacy compared to bleeding risk in patients aged ≥ 75 years. Specifically, we used a model of increased weighing of intracranial bleeding to illustrate the potential benefit of NOACs over VKA in the elderly population. In brief, there are at least two tested strategies with apixaban and edoxaban which even confer an additional clinical net benefit compared with VKA. Furthermore, elderly subgroups of trials for combined antithrombotic treatment following percutaneous coronary interventions in anticoagulated patients are analysed.
Plant defense responses in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous host plants during root-knot nematode infection
Authors: Przybylska Arnika , Obrępalska-Stęplowska Aleksandra 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) – Meloidogyne spp. – are a group of nematodes distributed worldwide that infect monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crop species. Plant responses to RKNs have been described in many studies of various host plants. In the course of parasitism, RKNs induce the transcriptional reprogramming of host cells to establish giant cells. Nematode attack induces many mechanisms in host plants, including pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Research on plant-RKN interactions has shown the activation and suppression of the expression of genes encoding various defense-related proteins.

Scope and conclusions
In this review, our goal is to critically summarize current knowledge on monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant-Meloidogyne interactions, including data on the role of RKN effectors and nematode PAMPs in host plant defense responses.
The Emergence and Development of Animal Research Ethics: A Review with a Focus on Nonhuman Primates
Authors: Arnason Gardar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe ethics of using nonhuman animals in biomedical research is usually seen as a subfield of animal ethics. In recent years, however, the ethics of animal research has increasingly become a subfield within research ethics under the term “animal research ethics”. Consequently, ethical issues have become prominent that are familiar in the context of human research ethics, such as autonomy or self-determination, harms and benefits, justice, and vulnerability. After a brief overview of the development of the field and a discussion of relevant theoretical ethical frameworks, I consider two of these issues, namely autonomy and self-determination on the one hand, and harms and benefits on the other hand. My concern is with philosophical and ethical issues, rather than animal research oversight. I focus my discussion on nonhuman primates, as the most plausible nonhuman candidates for this approach. I conclude that the approach, although promising, depends strongly on the moral status of nonhuman research subjects.
Comparative carpological study of Poikilospermum (Urticaceae) in relation to taxonomy
Authors: Kravtsova T. I. , Moore A. , Wilmot-Dear C. M. , Zhinkina N. A. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryFruit morphology and the anatomical structure of the pericarp, fruiting perianth, and seed coat were studied in 15 species of Poikilospermum, a genus whose position within the Urticaceae has long been controversial. Possible evolutionary trends of their transformation are suggested for both subgenera; plesiomorphies were found in P. oblongifolium and P. scabrinervium. Structural peculiarities of the fruit connected with its ejection out of the tubular perianth are discussed. The archaism of the fruit in Poikilospermum is revealed, indicated, as in Boehmeria, by the presence of the rudiment of an aborted carpel in the form of a large two-lobed rib. Using carpological anatomical characters, the species studied are classified into informal groups, such characters being able to pull the species within the subgenera into rough groupings where gross morphology has been unable to do so. It is shown that heterobathmy may be strongly associated with the genus Poikilospermum. Each subgenus has its own set of primitive carpological characters: in subgenus Poikilospermum the absence of a fruiting perianth which encases the fruit, and also of capitate inflorescences with swollen receptacles; in subgenus Ligulistigma remnant rudiment of the second carpel and ovary loculus, as well as a primitive, less simplified seed coat. Though the position of Poikilospermum as indicated by molecular data is within Urera, our results suggest that Dendrocnide (the only genus of the Urticeae that has a pyrenarium fruit type) may be closest to Poikilospermum, although the pericarp structure and dissemination behaviour in Poikilospermum are more specialised than those exhibited by Dendrocnide. Seed coat structure is also shown to exhibit traits seen in Moraceae.