bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quadruplex‐Templated and Catalyzed Ligation of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Kankia Besik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTemplate‐guided chemical reactions between nucleic acid strands are an important process in biomedical research. However, almost all of these reactions employ an oligonucleotide‐templated approach that is based on the double‐helix alignment. The moderate stability of the double helix makes this approach unsuitable for many chemical reactions, so alternative nucleic acid alignment mechanisms, demonstrating higher thermal and chemical stability, are desirable. Earlier, we described a noncovalent coupling mechanism between DNA strands through a quadruplex‐and‐Mg2+ connection (QMC). QMC is based on G‐quadruplexes and allows unusually stable and specific interactions. Herein, a novel catalytic nucleic acid reaction, based on QMC, is described. This approach uses G‐tetrads as a structural and recognition element without employing Watson‐Crick complementarity rules at any stage of substrate/catalyst formation or interaction between them. Quadruplex‐templated ligation can be achieved through the self‐ligation of two nucleic acid strands, or through a quadruplex catalyst, which forms a G‐triplex and specifically connects the strands. The process is extraordinarily robust and efficient. For instance, the ligation of carbodiimide‐activated substrates can proceed in boiling solutions, and complete ligation is demonstrated within a minute. The quadruplex‐templated and catalyzed reactions will create new opportunities for chemical reactions requiring harsh experimental conditions.
The multifaceted roles of nucleophagy in cancer development and therapy
Authors: Zhao Lili , Li Wenxi , Luo Xu , Sheng Surui 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAutophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process in which the cell degrades its own components and recycles the biomolecules for survival and homeostasis. It is an important cellular process to eliminate pathogens or damaged organelles. Nucleophagy, also termed as nuclear autophagy, is a more recently described subtype of autophagy, in which nuclear components, such as nuclear lamina and DNA, are to be degraded. Nucleophagy plays a double‐facet role in the development of cancer. On one hand, the clearance of damaged DNA or nuclear structures via autophagic pathway is crucial to maintain nuclear integrity and prevent tumorigenesis. On the other hand, in later stages of tumor growth, nucleophagy may facilitate cancer cell survival and metastasis in the nutrient‐depleted microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the relationship between nucleophagy and cancer along with potential intervention methods to target cancer through manipulating nucleophagy. Given the known observations about nucleophagy, it could be promising to target different nuclear components during the processes of nucleophagy, especially nuclear lamina. Further research on investigating the role of nucleophagy in oncological context could focus on dissecting its remaining molecular pathways and their connection to known tumor suppressors.
A novel strategy to prevent contrast nephropathy: “Continuous hemodiafiltration”
Authors: McCullough Peter A. , Goldstein James A. 
Published: November 2020

Key Points
Pre‐procedural “at risk” assessment for Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI‐AKI).
Peri‐procedural volume expansion is essential.

Contrast Minimus: Practice “As Low as Reasonably Allowable”.
Fewer views, minimal contrast per‐injection and utilization of adjunctive direct coronary imaging.
No left ventriculography or aortography.

Optimize Renal Hemodynamics:
Pre‐procedural treatment of systemic venous‐renal congestion.
Avoidance of intra‐procedural hypotension.
Radial access and risk guided use of bivalirudin?
Authors: Ashley Kellan E. , Hillegass William B. 
Published: November 2020

Key Points
In radial access percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes, study‐level meta‐analysis suggests no long‐term benefit of bivalirudin over heparin.
Individual patient data meta‐analysis, however, suggests 28% lower cardiac mortality, 43% fewer serious bleeds, and 39% less non‐access site serious bleeds in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with bivalirudin versus heparin adjusting for access site. Higher stent thrombosis risk with bivalirudin appears neutralized with post‐procedural infusion.
Risk‐guided bivalirudin use with radial access in high‐risk PCI patients with STEMI, increased bleeding risk (>2%), and/or clinical heart failure/left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35% might improve outcomes and cost, warranting further study.
Predicting post stent fractional flow reserve virtually from quantitative flow ratio – Can we really get there from here?
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H. 
Published: November 2020

Key Points
This study compared virtual (residual) post‐PCI QFR and actual post‐PCI QFR from pre‐ and post‐stent angiograms in predicting post‐PCI FFR.
While there was no difference in mean values, compared with post‐PCI FFR, the post‐PCI QFR correlated better than residual QFR.
As the CFD algorithms improve, post‐PCI QFR can potentially serve as a quality control after PCI to reduce post‐PCI angina and adverse outcomes.
It's not shocking that the SCAI shock classification works
Authors: Grines Cindy L. , Marshall J Jeffrey 
Published: November 2020

Key Points
Cardiogenic shock mortality is extremely variable and likely is related to the heterogeneous population and hemodynamic differences in patients.
The National Cardiogenic Shock Initiative (NCSI) demonstrated that patients in SCAI shock class E had the worst prognosis, but mortality in all classes was better than expected, perhaps due to applying a vigorous treatment protocol.
Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) shock classification has now been validated in many studies and allows both clinicians and researchers to rapidly determine risk of mortality.
Percutaneous deep vein arterialization: An emerging technique for no‐option chronic limb‐threatening ischemia patients
Authors: N'Dandu Zola , Bonilla Jonathan , Yousef George M. , White Christopher J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI), with characteristic ischemic rest pain, non‐healing ulcers, or gangrene attributable to arterial occlusive disease, requires successful revascularization to minimize tissue loss. End‐stage CLTI in particular, with occlusion of the pedal arteries, results in a lack of suitable targets for bypass and can result in failure of endovascular revascularization procedures, leaving no option for treatment other than amputation. With limb salvage as the primary goal, nontraditional revascularization techniques such as percutaneous deep vein arterialization (pDVA) may help minimize incidence of amputation. We present a case of a patient with no‐option CLTI, at high risk of amputation who failed conventional endovascular revascularization attempts facing imminent major amputation. The limb was salvaged with a successful pDVA procedure.
Linac‐based STereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) of ventricular tachycardia: Case report and literature review
Authors: Fiorentino Alba , Di Monaco Antonio , Surgo Alessia , Vitulano Nicola , Gregucci Fabiana , Ludovico Elena , Carbonara Roberta , Quadrini Federico , Rubini Giuseppe , Bonaparte Ilaria , Grimaldi Massimo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLinac‐based STereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) is a safety and effective approach for selected patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
A tricky case of cardiogenic shock: Diagnostic challenges in the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Sachpekidis Vasileios , Adamopoulos Chris , Datsios Antonios , Mosialos Lampros , Stamatiadis Nikolaos , Gogos Christos , Poulianitis Vasileios , Galanos Othonas , Stratilati Sofia , Styliadis Ioannis , Nihoyannopoulos Petros 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyocardial wall rupture should be considered in patients presenting with hypotension and STEMI especially of delayed onset. Diagnosing this entity in the COVID‐19 era can be challenging—handheld echocardiography may aid toward this end.
A case of retropharyngeal emphysema as a complication of pneumothorax
Authors: Suda Tsuyoshi , Yoneda Tomoaki , Ichikawa Yukari 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRetropharyngeal emphysema is a rare condition, and it is important to determine whether the patient presents with complications including pneumomediastinum or other severe clinical presentations such as an upper airway obstruction. In such cases, patients should undergo urgent tracheostomy and surgical neck drainage with concurrent administration of broad‐spectrum antibiotics.
Influence and Electrochemical Stability of Oxygen Groups and Edge Sites in Vanadium Redox Reactions
Authors: Radinger Hannes , Pfisterer Jessica , Scheiba Frieder , Ehrenberg Helmut 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is widely accepted that surface‐active oxygen functional groups (OFGs) effectively catalyze the vanadium redox reactions. Initial graphitic edge sites, OFGs and their electrochemical stability were examined using graphite felts, which were modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and activated with KOH. It is demonstrated that OFGs cannot exclusively be responsible for the electrocatalysis since they did not correlate to the electrochemical activity. The surface composition after electrochemical cycling in the positive half‐cell was still different for all samples but did not reflect the performance either. However, a correlation was found between the activity and stable edge site defects. There was neither a correlation between the electrocatalytic activity and the amount of oxygen, nor for the kind of OFG in the negative half‐cell. The oxygen concentration after electrochemistry was very similar, even more highlighting the importance of edge sites in the VIII/VII redox reaction. The results of this work indicate that the major electrocatalytic effect for both half‐cell redox reactions is related to stable graphitic edge sites in sufficient quantity.
Experimental analysis of the mechanical properties of concrete using alternative binding agents
Authors: Quadflieg Till , Morozov Nikita , Karimova Albina , Gries Thomas , Stolyarov Oleg 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConcrete is a building material that is widely used worldwide. The main ingredient in concrete is cement, which causes high CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. An alternative to conventional cement‐based concrete is geopolymer concrete. This material is inadequately researched to be used as a building material. In this work, mechanical properties of geopolymer‐based concrete are investigated to estimate its potential in construction industry.
Light‐Triggered Nitric Oxide Release by a Photosensitizer to Combat Bacterial Biofilm Infections
Authors: Zhao Zhennan , Li Huinan , Tao Xuan , Xie Yanxuan , Yang Liang , Mao Zong‐Wan , Xia Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBacterial biofilms are a serious global health concern, often responsible for persistent infections. New strategies to prevent and treat bacterial infections by eradication of the biofilms are urgently needed. A novel ruthenium‐based compound is reported in this study that functions as both a boronic acid‐decorated photosensitizer (PS) and a light‐triggered nitric oxide (NO) releasing agent. The compound can selectively attach to the bacterial membrane and biofilms and it is highly potent at eradicatingPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilms through the simultaneous release of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The compound, which is more effective than clinical antibiotic tobramycin, also has excellent bacterial specificity and shows no significant cytotoxicity to human cells. The results reveal potential applications of this innovative dual‐functional photoactivated ruthenium compound to combat bacterial biofilm infections.
Liquid Phase CO2‐Analytics for Standardized Mass Transfer Characterization in Packed Columns
Authors: Brinkmann Jost H. , Plate Dominik , Grünewald Marcus , Schultes Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMass transfer parameters are necessary for the design of absorption and desorption processes in packed columns. To determine the effective interfacial area and liquid side mass transfer parameters, CO2 absorption and desorption are frequently used. Reliable analytics for concentration determination are essential to obtain correct results. In this work two methods of CO2 liquid phase analysis are compared: first, the back titration of unreacted NaOH after prior precipitation of the bound CO2; secondly, the inorganic carbon analysis with a commercial inorganic carbon analyzer.
Nachweismethoden von SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Witt Martin , Heuer Christopher , Miethke Lina , Preuß John‐Alexander , Rehfeld Johanna Sophie , Schüling Torsten , Blume Cornelia , Thoms Stefanie , Stahl Frank 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie COVID‐19‐Pandemie hält seit Anfang 2020 die Welt in Atem. Um die Ausbreitung von SARS‐CoV‐2 einzudämmen, haben die meisten Regierungen mit strengen Maßnahmen reagiert. Dazu gehören Grenzschließungen, Kontaktbeschränkungen und das Schließen von Schulen und Kitas. Des Weiteren wurden wie etwa in Deutschland die Krankenhaus‐ und Testkapazitäten ausgebaut. Der Ausdruck „Corona‐Krise“ verdeutlicht neben den gesundheitlich/medizinischen Aspekten auch die beispiellosen gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen der COVID‐19‐Pandemie. Um die Eindämmung dieser Pandemie zu erreichen und die Rückkehr zu einem vergleichsweise normalen Alltagsleben zu ermöglichen, müssen unter anderem die Testkapazitäten weiter erhöht werden. Durch vorsorgliches und regelmäßiges Testen kann das Infektionsgeschehen früh erkannt und die Entstehung von „Corona‐Hotspots“ verhindert werden. Der Virusnachweis in einem Patienten erfolgt mittels Vervielfältigung der viralen Erbinformation durch PCR; mit dem Nachweis von Antikörpern lässt sich hingegen schlussfolgern, ob ein Patient bereits mit SARS‐CoV‐2 infiziert war. Ob die gebildeten Antikörper jedoch eine längerfristige Immunität bewirken, muss aufgrund der kurzen Zeit seit Auftreten von SARS‐CoV‐2 stetig geprüft werden und ist Gegenstand aktueller Forschung.
Effects of high oil viscosity on oil‐gas downward flow in deviated pipes. Part 2: Holdup and pressure gradient
Authors: Soto‐Cortes Gabriel , Pereyra Eduardo , Sarica Cem , Rivera‐Trejo Fabian , Torres Carlos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn Part 1 of this work, new experimental data on high viscosity oil‐gas flow in inclined downward flow were presented. Flow patterns transitions were identified and analyzed, and the performance of some flow pattern prediction models was validated. This study uses the same experimental data set generated for a mixture of air‐oil (with a viscosity of 213 mPa · s) flowing in a 50.8 mm internal diameter pipe with inclination angles of −45°, −60°, −70°, −80°, −85° for a ranges 0.05 m/s‐0.7 m/s and 0.7 m/s‐7 m/s of superficial liquid and gas velocities, respectively, to investigate holdup and pressure gradient behaviour. The holdup and pressure recovery effects are explained in terms of the predominant transport mechanism through phase slippage and the mechanical energy balance. For a constant superficial liquid velocity, the average‐liquid holdup results show a discernible behaviour dependent on the relative velocity between phases (slip velocity). Consistently, results show a switch between the gravity or shear forces transport mechanism, that coincides with the switch of a sign of the total pressure gradient (pressure recovery effect). Performance analysis of the available mechanistic models has been presented. The results are not satisfactory, which justifies the need for a detailed study of the effects of viscosity and the inclination of the pipe in liquid‐gas mixtures.
Fluoroscopy usage in contemporary interventional electrophysiology: Insights from a European registry
Authors: Kosiuk Jedrzej , Fiedler Lucas , Ernst Sabine , Duncker David , Pavlović Nikola , Guarguagli Silvia , Stegmann Clara , Miskowiec Dawid , Garcia Rodrigue , Russo Vincenzo , Yakushev Andriy , Szegedi Nándor , De Potter Tom 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundFluoroscopy has been an essential part of every electrophysiological procedure since its inception. However, till now no clear standards regarding acceptable x‐ray exposure nor recommendation how to achieve them have been proposed.HypothesisCurrent norms and quality markers required for optimal clinical routine can be identified.MethodsCenters participating in this Europe‐wide multicenter, prospective registry were requested to provide characteristics of the center, operators, technical equipment as well as procedural settings of consecutive cases.ResultsTwenty‐five centers (72% university clinics, with a mean volume of 526 ± 348 procedures yearly) from 14 European countries provided data on 1788 cases [9% diagnostic procedures (DP), 38% atrial fibrillation (AF) ablations, 44% other supraventricular (SVT) ablations, and 9% ventricular ablations (VT)] conducted by 95 operators (89% male, 41 ± 7 years old).Mean dose area product (DAP) and time was 304 ± 608 cGy*cm2, 3.6 ± 4.8 minutes, 1937 ± 608 cGy*cm2, 15.3 ± 15.5 minutes, 805 ± 1442 cGy*cm2, 10.6 ± 10.7 minutes, and 1277 ± 1931 cGy*cm2, 10.4 ± 12.3 minutes for DP, AF, SVT, and VT ablations, respectively. Seven percent of all procedures were conducted without any use of fluoroscopy.Procedures in the lower quartile of DAP were performed more frequently by female operators (OR 1.707, 95%CI 1.257‐2.318, P = .001), in higher‐volume center (OR 1.001 per one additional procedure, 95%CI 1.000‐1.001, P = .002), with the use of 3D‐mapping system (OR 2.622, 95%CI 2.053‐3.347, P < .001) and monoplane x‐ray system (OR 2.945, 95%CI 2.149‐4.037, P < .001).ConclusionExposure to ionizing radiation varies widely in daily practice for all procedure. Significant opportunities for harmonization of exposure toward the lower range has been identified.
4,9‐Diaminoacridines and 4‐Aminoacridines as Dual‐Stage Antiplasmodial Hits
Authors: Fonte Mélanie , Tassi Natália , Fontinha Diana , Bouzón‐Arnáiz Inés , Ferraz Ricardo , Araújo Maria J. , Fernàndez‐Busquets Xavier , Prudêncio Miguel , Gomes Paula , Teixeira Cátia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMulti‐stage drugs have been prioritized in antimalarial drug discovery, as targeting more than one process in the Plasmodium life cycle is likely to increase efficiency, while decreasing the chances of emergence of resistance by the parasite. Herein, we disclose two novel acridine‐based families of compounds that combine the structural features of primaquine and chloroquine. Compounds prepared and studied thus far retained the in vitro activity displayed by the parent drugs against the erythrocytic stages of chloroquine‐sensitive and ‐resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains, and against the hepatic stages of Plasmodium berghei, hence acting as dual‐stage antiplasmodial hits.
Semisynthetic Vitamin E Derivatives as Potent Antibacterial Agents against Resistant Gram‐Positive Pathogens
Authors: Viault Guillaume , Kempf Marie , Ville Alexia , Alsabil Khaled , Perrot Rodolphe , Richomme Pascal , Hélesbeux Jean‐Jacques , Séraphin Denis 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNew 5‐substituted vitamin E derivatives were semisynthesized, and their antibacterial activity against human Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative pathogens was evaluated. Several vitamin E analogues were active against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE); structure‐activity relationships (SARs) are discussed. As a result, it is shown that the presence of a carboxylic acid function at the C‐5 position and/or at the end of the side chain is crucial for the antibacterial activity. The bactericidal or bacteriostatic action of three compounds against MRSA and MRSE was confirmed in a time‐kill kinetics study, and the cytotoxicity on human cells was evaluated. The preliminary mechanism study by confocal microscopy indicated that those vitamin E analogues led to bacterial cell death through membrane disruption.
Novel Pyridine‐Based Hydroxamates and 2′‐Aminoanilides as Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Biochemical Profile and Anticancer Activity
Authors: Zwergel Clemens , Di Bello Elisabetta , Fioravanti Rossella , Conte Mariarosaria , Nebbioso Angela , Mazzone Roberta , Brosch Gerald , Mercurio Ciro , Varasi Mario , Altucci Lucia , Valente Sergio , Mai Antonello 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStarting from the N‐hydroxy‐3‐(4‐(2‐phenylbutanoyl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide (5 b) previously described by us as a HDAC inhibitor, we prepared four aza‐analogues, 6–8, 9 b, as regioisomers containing the pyridine nucleus. Preliminary screening against mHDAC1 highlighted the N‐hydroxy‐5‐(2‐(2‐phenylbutanoyl)amino)pyridyl)acrylamide (9 b) as the most potent inhibitor. Thus, we further developed both pyridylacrylic‐ and nicotinic‐based hydroxamates (9 a, 9 c–f, and 11 a–f) and 2′‐aminoanilides (10 a–f and 12 a–f), related to 9 b, to be tested against HDACs. Among them, the nicotinic hydroxamate 11 d displayed sub‐nanomolar potency (IC50: 0.5 nM) and selectivity up to 34 000 times that of HDAC4 and from 100 to 1300 times that of all the other tested HDAC isoforms. The 2′‐aminoanilides were class I‐selective HDAC inhibitors, generally more potent against HDAC3, with the nicotinic anilide 12 d being the most effective (IC50HDAC3=0.113 μM). When tested in U937 leukemia cells, the hydroxamates 9 e, 11 c, and 11 d blocked over 80 % of cells in G2/M phase, whereas the anilides did not alter cell‐cycle progress. In the same cell line, the hydroxamate 11 c and the anilide 10 b induced about 30 % apoptosis, and the anilide 12 c displayed about 40 % cytodifferentiation. Finally, the most potent compounds in leukemia cells 9 b, 11 c, 10 b, 10 e, and 12 c were also tested in K562, HCT116, and A549 cancer cells, displaying antiproliferative IC50 values at single‐digit to sub‐micromolar level.
Reconstructing haemodynamics quantities of interest from Doppler ultrasound imaging
Authors: Galarce Felipe , Lombardi Damiano , Mula Olga 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present contribution deals with the estimation of haemodynamics Quantities of Interest by exploiting Ultrasound Doppler measurements. A fast method is proposed, based on the Parameterized Background Data‐Weak (PBDW) method. Several methodological contributions are described: a sub‐manifold partitioning is introduced to improve the reduced‐order approximation, two different ways to estimate the pressure drop are compared, and an error estimation is derived. A fully synthetic test‐case on a realistic common carotid geometry is presented, showing that the proposed approach is promising in view of realistic applications.
A comparative evaluation of similarity measurement algorithms within a colour palette
Authors: Ren Shuai , Chen Yun , Westland Stephen , Yu Luwen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, there has been interest in the development of colour palettes from images. Colour palettes have long been used by designers to communicate colours and their relationships but increasingly palettes are being derived automatically from digital images, concepts, or from a plethora of digital design tools online. Methods to predict differences between palettes are growing in popularity. This study is concerned with the prediction of visual self‐similarity for colour palettes with large numbers of patches. A psychophysical experiment was carried out to collect the human judgments of similarity and then six different algorithms were introduced and evaluated in terms of their ability to predict the psychophysical data. Two methods to quantify the agreement between the visual data and algorithm predictions were used based on regression analysis with coefficient of determination for the goodness of fit and multidimensional scaling with loss function Kruskal's stress. Of the six algorithms, the Pearson correlation coefficient method was considered to give the best performance.