bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Ertugliflozin on Heart Failure–Related Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Cosentino Francesco , Cannon Christopher P. , Cherney David Z.I. , Masiukiewicz Urszula , Pratley Richard , Dagogo-Jack Sam , Frederich Robert , Charbonnel Bernard , Mancuso James , Shih Weichung J. , Terra Steven G. , Cater Nilo B. , Gantz Ira , McGuire Darren K. ,   On behalf of the VERTIS CV Investigators
Published: October 2020

Background:
In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF). We assessed the effect of ertugliflozin on HHF and related outcomes.

Methods:
VERTIS CV (Evaluation of Ertugliflozin Efficacy and Safety Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial), a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease to once-daily ertugliflozin 5 mg, 15 mg, or placebo. Prespecified secondary analyses compared ertugliflozin (pooled doses) versus placebo on time to first event of HHF and composite of HHF/CV death, overall and stratified by prespecified characteristics. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used with the Fine and Gray method to account for competing mortality risk, and Andersen-Gill modeling to analyze total (first+recurrent) HHF and total HHF/CV death events.

Results:

A total of 8246 patients were randomly assigned to ertugliflozin (n=5499) or placebo (n=2747); n=1958 (23.7%) had a history of heart failure (HF) and n=5006 (60.7%) had pretrial ejection fraction (EF) available, including n=959 with EF ≤45%. Ertugliflozin did not significantly reduce first HHF/CV death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88 [95% CI, 0.75–1.03]). Overall, ertugliflozin reduced risk for first HHF (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.54–0.90];
P
=0.006). Previous HF did not modify this effect (HF: HR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.44–0.90]; no HF: HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.54–1.15];
P
interaction=0.40). In patients with HF, the risk reduction for first HHF was similar for those with reduced EF ≤45% versus preserved EF >45% or unknown. However, in the overall population, the risk reduction tended to be greater for those with EF ≤45% (HR, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.30–0.76]) versus EF >45% (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.58–1.29]). Effect on risk for first HHF was consistent across most subgroups, but greater benefit of ertugliflozin was observed in 3 populations: baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL·min
–1
·1.73 m
–2
, albuminuria, and diuretic use (each
P
interaction <0.05). Ertugliflozin reduced total events of HHF (rate ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.56–0.87]) and total HHF/CV death (rate ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.72–0.96]).

Conclusions:
In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, ertugliflozin reduced the risk for first and total HHF and total HHF/CV death, adding further support for the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in primary and secondary prevention of HHF.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01986881.
Cryptic new species of Nesoecia Scudder, 1893 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Pseudophyllinae) from northeastern, Mexico
Authors: BARRIENTOS-LOZANO LUDIVINA , ROCHA-SÁNCHEZ AURORA Y. , FERNÁNDEZ-AZUARA GEOVANY J. , SÁNCHEZ-REYES URIEL JESHUA , ALMAGUER-SIERRA PEDRO 
Published: October 2020

Nesoecia Scudder, 1893 is a neotropical genus of true katydids (Pseudophyllinae) comprising four species: N. brasiliensis (Bruner, 1915) from Brazil (Bahia), N. cooksonii (Butler, 1877) from Ecuador (Galápagos, Floreana Island), and two species from southern Mexico: N. insignis (Hebard, 1932) from Yucatán (Temax and Chichen-Itza), and N. nigrispina (Stål, 1873) reported also from Yucatán and the State of Tabasco (Teapa). Members of this genus are large and attractive insects, nonetheless, they have been poorly studied since they are not abundant or commonly collected. This paper describes four new species of Nesoecia from the Huasteca Region in northeastern México: N. huichihuayan n. sp., N. potoniya n. sp., N. insolita n. sp., and N. constricta n. sp. Taxa delimitation is based on morphological diagnostic characters and parameters of the acoustic signal. Information on distribution, habitat, and behavior is provided. [urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B932F2DC-97F4-4751-A6F7-0869318364FA]
Analytical validation of eight methods of thyroglobulin measurement in fine-needle aspiration washouts
Authors: Boux de Casson Florence , Beloeil Rémi , Gauchez Anne-Sophie , Oris Charlotte , Leban Monique , Schlageter Marie-Hélène , Moineau Marie-Pierre , Dufour-Rainfray Diane , Bach-Ngohou Kalyane , Chikh Karim , Moal Valérie 
Published: October 2020

Background Thyroglobulin (Tg) assay in washout fluids of fine needles, after cervical lymph nodes aspiration, is used for detecting metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Assay methods are the same as for Tg in serum. However, with non-serum samples, methods require extensive validation to notably check for the absence of matrix effect. This study fits this context. Our objectives were to assess analytic performances, in washout fluid, of eight different Tg assay methods and to compare them to validated data in serum. Methods Eleven medical laboratories participated in this study. The matrix tested was phosphate-buffer saline containing 1% bovine serum albumin (PBS-1% BSA). Samples used were dilutions, in this buffer, of Certified Reference Material (CRM 457). We verified, for all methods, the limit of detection, precision, linearity, trueness and accuracy. Results In PBS-1% BSA, the functional sensitivities (FS) were comparable to those expected for serum. All the methods were linear. The relative biases of trueness were between –24.5 and 10.2% around 1  µg/L. Total analytical error was ≤40% near the functional sensitivity values. Conclusion No quantitatively important matrix effect was observed. All the methods showed their ability to measure Tg in PBS-1% BSA, over the concentration range of interest, with acceptable total analytical error. We validated the functional sensitivity value as a decision threshold in thyroidectomized patients after treatment and with low concentrations of serum Tg.
Relationship between nomophobia and occupational performance among university students
Authors: Torpil Berkan , Ünsal Esra , Yıldız Ebru , Pekçetin Serkan 
Published: October 2020

Introduction Nomophobia is a contemporary phobia that emerged in the digital age and is becoming increasingly common. University students are at higher risk for nomophobia. This study aims to develop an understanding of nomophobic university students’ problem areas in their daily occupations. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 181 university students between January and March 2020. The Nomophobia Questionnaire was used to determine the students’ level of nomophobia and they were separated into groups based on nomophobia severity. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was used to determine the students’ occupational performance and satisfaction in the occupations they identified as being most problematic for them. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure scores were compared between nomophobia severity groups. Results All students in the study had some degree of nomophobia (mild = 56, moderate = 95, severe = 30). Canadian Occupational Performance Measure performance and satisfaction scores were significantly lower in students with severe nomophobia compared to the mild/moderately nomophobic students ( p<.05). The occupations of greatest concern were in the areas of productivity (studying, 20.89%), self-care (sleeping, 9.87%), and leisure (doing sport, 8.23%). Conclusion This study demonstrated a relationship between nomophobia and occupational performance difficulties in university students. Occupational therapists should consider nomophobia when evaluating occupational performance difficulties in university students.
Information access and sharing among prosthetics and orthotics faculty in Ghana and the United States
Authors: McDonald Cody L , Larbi Henry , McCoy Sarah Westcott , Kartin Deborah 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Information access is essential for quality healthcare provision and education. Despite technological advances, access to prosthetics and orthotics information in low- and middle-income countries is not ubiquitous. The current state of information access, availability, and exchange among prosthetics and orthotics faculty is unknown.

Objectives:
Describe information exchange networks and access at two prosthetics and orthotics programs in Ghana and the United States.

Study design:
Cross-sectional survey, social network analysis.

Methods:
An online survey of faculty at two prosthetics and orthotics programs using REDCap. The survey included a social network analysis, demographics, and prosthetics and orthotics information resources and frequency of use. Descriptive statistics were calculated.

Results:
Twenty-one faculty members completed the survey (84% response). Ghanaian faculty were on average younger (median Ghana: 27 years, United States: 43 years), had less teaching experience, and had less education than US faculty. Textbooks were the most commonly used resource at both programs. The Ghanaian network had more internal connections with few outside sources. The US network had fewer internal connections, relied heavily upon four key players, and had numerous outside contacts.

Conclusion:
Ghana and US faculty have two distinct information exchange networks. These networks identify key players and barriers to dissemination among faculty to promote successful knowledge translation of current scientific literature and technology development. Social network analysis may be a useful method to explore information sharing among prosthetics and orthotics faculty, and identify areas for further study.
Two-Year Outcomes After Meniscoplasty by Capsular Advancement With the Application of Arthroscopic Centralization Technique for Lateral Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Koga Hideyuki , Nakamura Tomomasa , Katagiri Hiroki , Nakagawa Yusuke , Ozeki Nobutake , Ohara Toshiyuki , Shioda Mikio , Kohno Yuji , Amemiya Masaki , Sekiya Ichiro 
Published: October 2020

Background: A high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) progression in patients with lateral meniscal defects has been reported. However, optimal management techniques for active patients remain ill-defined. Hypothesis: Meniscoplasty by capsular advancement with the application of the centralization technique would improve clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with lateral compartment OA attributed to lateral meniscal defects. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 27 patients were enrolled who had undergone meniscoplasty by capsular advancement for lateral compartment OA attributed to lateral meniscal defects. In these patients, the meniscotibial capsule was released from the tibia and advanced with the remaining meniscus onto the rim of the tibial plateau to reform a meniscus-like configuration. Measures of clinical outcomes included clinical examination, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), subjective rating scales regarding recovery of the operated knee, and sports performance level. Measures of radiographic outcomes included meniscal extrusion width or regeneration of the meniscus-like tissue on magnetic resonance imaging and lateral joint space width on standing extension anteroposterior and Rosenberg views. All clinical and radiographic outcomes were reported preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively, except magnetic resonance imaging findings, which were reported preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. Results: The clinical outcomes were significantly improved 2 years postoperatively as compared with baseline: Lysholm score, IKDC subjective score, and KOOS subscores (all P < .0001). The patients’ subjective recovery ( P < .0001) and sports performance level ( P < .0001) were also improved. One year postoperatively, 10 of 11 patients who had no meniscus remaining at the middle segment showed more than one-third the volume of meniscal tissue–like regeneration, and meniscal extrusion width was significantly reduced as compared with baseline in the remaining 16 patients ( P = .0006). Joint space width increased at 2 years on the standing anteroposterior view ( P < .0001) and the Rosenberg view ( P = .0001). Conclusion: Meniscoplasty of the lateral meniscus by capsular advancement improved clinical and radiographic outcomes at 2-year follow-up in patients with lateral compartment OA attributed to lateral meniscal defects.
Clinical significance of DJ stent culture in patients with indwelling ureteral stents prior to endourological intervention
Authors: Pal Dilip Kumar , Mahapatra Rajkumar Singha , Kumar Ankit 
Published: October 2020

Background: Ureteral stents are placed to relieve ureteral obstruction in various endourological surgery. As soon as it is inserted it is rapidly colonized by host of microorganism. Culture and sensitivity pattern of these growing microorganism on the stent may provide us an insight to treat postoperative urosepsis in high risk patients with indwelling DJ stents. Materials and methods: Prospective study between September 2018 and August 2019 with enrollment of 100 patients to determine the ability of urine culture (UC) to predict stent culture (SC) status, to identify associated infectious pathogens with their antibiotic sensitivity patterns and to evaluate the association between SC and post-endourological intervention sepsis. Results: Colonization of bacteria on stent culture (SC) was identified in 53 out of 100 patients (53%). Most of the organism grown on SC were multidrug resistant and they were resistant to most commonly prescribed antibiotics like fluroquinolones, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides .These organisms were only sensitive to newer antibiotics. Indwelling time of ureteral stent was directly proportional with SC positivity ( p < 0.05). Association of Urine culture at DJ Removal and DJ stent culture was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Very low rates of colonization within 6 weeks after the insertion of stents. Sterile culture of urine does not rule out colonization of the stent. Most of the urinary pathogens as well as the organisms grown on DJ stent are resistant to fluroquinolones and cephalosporins.
Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Potential and Mode of Inhibition of Oils from Allium sativum (Garlic) and Allium cepa (Onion)
Authors: Ahmed Maryam Usman , Ibrahim Adamu , Dahiru Noseh Janyo , Mohammed Hauwa’u Shuaibu 
Published: October 2020

Background: Alpha amylase inhibitors are used in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Allium sativum and Allium cepa, widely consumed as spices have several medicinal uses which include their traditional use in the management of diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the alpha amylase inhibitory potential and mode of inhibition of A. sativum and A. cepa oils. Method: Oil was extracted from dried bulb of A. sativum and A. cepa by Soxhlet extraction. The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the 2 oils were evaluated. The mode of inhibition of the oils were determined from the lineweaver-burk plot and the kinetic parameters obtained from the lineweaver – burk plot. Result: A. sativum oil had 58.13 ± 1.09 and 69.8 ± 1.11 percent inhibition at 5.0 and 7.0% concentrations respectively while A. cepa oil had 55.45 ± 1.35, 59.73 ± 1.11 and 65.21 ± 1.11 percent inhibition at 5.0, 7.5 and 10% concentrations respectively. The IC50 values for A. sativum oil, A. cepa oil and acarbose were 3.0 ± 0.02%, 4.4 ± 0.03% and 14.1 ± 0.09% respectively. The lineweaver – burk plot showed that the Vmax of the 2 oils did not change when compared with that of the no inhibitor (no oil) but the Km increased. Conclusion: These findings indicate that A. sativum and A. cepa oils are competitive inhibitors of α- amylase and can both be used in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. A. sativum oil is a better inhibitor than A. cepa oil.
Efficacy of Combination Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Regional Inductive Moderate Hyperthermia in the Treatment of Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Loboda Anton , Smolanka Sr Ivan , Orel Valerii E. , Syvak Liubov , Golovko Tetiana , Dosenko Iryna , Lyashenko Andrii , Smolanka Ivan , Dasyukevich Olha , Tarasenko Tetiana , Orel Valerii B. , Rykhalskyi Alex , Ganich Oleksandr , Mokhonko Oleksandr 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with regional inductive moderate hyperthermia for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Patients and Methods: 200 patients with stage IIB-IIIA breast cancer received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (control group, n = 97) or chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia (experimental group, n = 103). Inductive hyperthermia was set at 27.12 ± 0.16 MHz and the 50 W output power. Results: Thermal and color Doppler ultrasound imaging demonstrated that hyperthermia increased the surface temperature on the breasts to < 4°С while the mean values for systolic blood flow were 3.5 times as high as those prior to treatment. Assessment of tumor size and response found a (31.24 ± 3.85)% reduction in the size of the primary tumor in patients receiving chemotherapy + hyperthermia, while chemotherapy alone showed a (22.95 ± 3.61)% decrease on average (p = 0.034). The rate of objective response increased by 15.9% in the experimental group (р = 0.034) compared with the control group. The patients in the experimental group also had axillary lymph node regression of 14.17% greater than in the control group (p = 0.011). Moreover, the combination treatment allowed to increase the proportion of women eligible for breast-conserving and reconstructive surgery by 13.63% in the experimental group. The viable tumor volume was lower in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy + hyperthermia (24.4 ± 0.2)% compared with those given chemotherapy alone (30.4 ± 0.25)%. The 10-year overall survival rates were higher (log-rank: p = 0.009) in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia than in patients receiving chemotherapy only. Conclusion: The combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the technology of regional inductive moderate hyperthermia improved the efficacy of treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer staged IIB-IIIA.
A new subtype of intracranial dural AVF according to the patterns of venous drainage
Authors: Casasco Alfredo , Guimaraens Leopoldo , Negrotto Matías , Vivas Elio , Díaz Laura Paul , Aleu Aitziber 
Published: October 2020

Background and purpose A well-known classification of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) according to the patterns of venous drainage was described in 1977 by Djindjian, Merland et al. and later revised by Cognard, Merland et al. in 1995. They described 5 types of DAVFs assuming that the type of venous drainage is directly correlated with neurologic symptoms and in particular with hemorrhagic risk. We present a series of cases that combines type IV (DAVF with cortical venous drainage associated with venous ectasia) and type V (DAVF with spinal venous drainage), which we named type IV + V. Materials and methods A retrospective study between 2012 and 2020 in 2 Hospitals was performed on patients that met inclusion criteria for a diagnosis of this type of DAVF. Demographics, location, clinical presentation and outcomes of endovascular embolization were studied. Results Five (2,3%) patients out of 220 had a type IV + V DAVF. All cases had an aggressive presentation, either subarachnoid hemorrhage, myelopathy or both. All patients were treated with endovascular transarterial embolization achieving complete angiographic occlusion in one session and total remission of symptoms at 3 months. Conclusions This rare type of DAVF, combines two aggressive venous drainage patterns. For that reason, patients with type IV+V DAVF probably have a more aggressive natural history and worst outcome due to risk of intracranial and/or spinal hemorrhage and myelopathy, thus requiring urgent diagnostic and treatment. Larger studies are needed to better understand this type of DAVF.
Evaluation of the Special Olympics Team Wellness health promotion program for individuals with intellectual disabilities
Authors: McCarty Kathleen , Dixon-Ibarra Alicia , MacDonald Megan 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Individuals with intellectual disabilities are a known health disparities group. The Team Wellness (TW) health promotion program was developed to provide healthy lifestyle information to target this population. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative program evaluation on Team Wellness. Methods: Interviews were conducted via one-on-one format with program coaches (n = 4, mean age = 25, female = 2, male = 2) and focus group with program athletes (n = 6, mean age = 45, female = 4, male = 2) who completed the TW program. Results: Themes that emerged included: (1) Program Perceptions; (2) TW Support; and (3) Program Feedback. Program perceptions were positive and continued athlete participation was anticipated. Coaches felt prepared to facilitate based on previous experience though program fidelity varied. Conclusion: Study participants enjoyed TW and identified valuable recommendations. Program fidelity and marketing efforts are important for future consideration. Further quantitative assessment is needed to determine the effectiveness the program.
The Effect of Various, Everyday Practices on Glucose Levels in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Tsotridou Eleni , Kotzapanagiotou Eirini , Violaki Asimina , Dimitriadou Meropi , Svirkos Menelaos , Mantzafleri Peristera-Eleni , Papadopoulou Vasiliki , Sdougka Maria , Christoforidis Athanasios 
Published: October 2020

Background: To evaluate the effect of various, everyday intensive care unit (ICU) practices on glucose levels in critically ill pediatric patients with the use of a continuous glucose monitoring system. Methods: Seventeen sensors were placed in 16 pediatric patients (8 male). All therapeutic and diagnostic interventions were recorded and 15 minutes later, a flash glucose measurement was obtained by swiping the sensor with a reader. Glucose difference was calculated as the glucose value 15 minutes after the intervention minus the mean daily glucose value for each individual patient. Additionally, the consciousness status of the patient (awake or sedated) was recorded. Results: Two hundred and five painful skin interventions were recorded. The mean difference of glucose values was higher by 1.84 ± 14.76 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.19 to 3.87 mg/dL, P = .076). However, when patients were categorized regarding their consciousness level, mean glucose difference was significantly higher in awake state than in sedated patients (4.76 ± 28.07 vs −2.21 ± 15.77 mg/dL, P < .001). Six hundred forty-nine interventions involving the respiratory system were recorded. Glucose difference during washings proved to be significantly higher than the ones during simple suctions (4.74 ± 14.18 mg/dL vs 0.32 ± 18.22 mg/dL, P = .016). Finally, glucose difference in awake patients was higher by 3.66 ± 13.91 mg/dL compared to glucose difference of −2.25 ± 21.07 mg/dL obtained during respiratory intervention in sedated patients. Conclusions: Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the ICU, especially when performed in an awake state, exacerbate the stress and lead to a significant rise in glucose levels.