bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of carbamylated high-density lipoprotein with coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: carbamylated high-density lipoprotein of patients promotes monocyte adhesion
Authors: Chen Zhongli , Ding Song , Wang Yan Ping , Chen Liang , Mao Jing Yan , Yang Ying , Sun Jia Teng , Yang Ke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence showed that carbamylated lipoprotein accelerated atherosclerosis. However, whether such modification of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles alters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and facilitates vascular complications remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the alteration of the carbamylation in HDL among T2DM patients and clarify its potential role in atherogenesis.MethodsA total of 148 consecutive T2DM patients undergoning angiography and 40 age- and gender-matched control subjects were included. HDL was isolated from plasma samples, and the concentration of HDL carbamyl-lysine (HDL-CBL) was measured. Furthermore, the HDL from subjects and in-vitro carbamylated HDL (C-HDL) was incubated with endothelial cells and monocyte to endothelial cell adhesion. Adhesion molecule expression and signaling pathway were detected.ResultsCompared with the control group, the HDL-CBL level was remarkably increased in T2DM patients (6.13 ± 1.94 vs 12.00 ± 4.06 (ng/mg),P < 0.001). Of note, HDL-CBL demonstrated a more significant increase in T2DM patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 102) than those without CAD (n = 46) (12.75 ± 3.82 vs. 10.35 ± 4.11(ng/mg),P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher HDL-CBL level was independently associated with a higher prevalence of CAD in diabetic patients after adjusting for established cofounders (adjusted odds ratio 1.174, 95% confidence Interval 1.045–1.319, p = 0.017). HDL from diabetic patients with CAD enhanced greater monocyte adhesion than that from the non-CAD or the control group (P < 0.001). Such pro-atherogenic capacity of diabetic HDL positively correlated with HDL-CBL level. Furthermore, in-vitro incubation of carbamylated HDL (C-HDL) with endothelial promoted monocyte to endothelial cell adhesion, induced upregulation of cell adhesion molecules expression, and activated NF-κB/p65 signaling in endothelial cells. Inhibiting carbamylation of HDL or NF-κB activation attenuated the monocyte to endothelial cell adhesion and cell surface adhesion molecules expression.ConclusionsOur study identified elevated carbamylation modification of HDL from T2DM patients, especially in those with concomitant CAD. We also evidenced that C-HDL enhanced monocyte to endothelial cell adhesion, indicating a potential pro-atherogenic role of C-HDL in atherosclerosis among T2DM patients.Trial registrationhttps://register.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04390711 Registered on 14 May 2020; Retrospectively registered
Intra-erythrocytes magnesium deficiency could reflect cognitive impairment status due to vascular disease: a pilot study
Authors: Sitzia Clementina , Sterlicchio Michele , Crapanzano Calogero , Dozio Elena , Vianello Elena , Corsi Romanelli Massimiliano Marco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and aims
Magnesium is a fundamental cation that regulates neuronal transmission, protein synthesis, energy metabolism. Magnesium deficiency mostly affects nervous and cardiovascular systems determining weakness, tremors, seizure and arrhythmias. This condition retains also a role in memory function and neuronal plasticity. Importantly magnesium deficiency could remain latent and asymptomatic resulting a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In this sense we aim to determine magnesium status in patient presenting cognitive impairment of vascular origin.

Methods
21 healthy subjects and 27 patients presenting vascular cognitive impairment were included in this study. Both plasma and intraerythrocitary magnesium level were measured to detect magnesium deficiency and cognitive performance was evaluated trough Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE).

Results
Here we showed that patients presenting vascular cognitive impairment present intraerythrocitary magnesium level lower than age-matched healthy subjects. To note their plasma magnesium resulted within reference limit.

Conclusion
We suggest that intracellular magnesium laboratory measurement is needed to detect occult magnesium deficiency in population at risk. Magnesium supplementation could represent an adjuvant for healthy aging in high risk population.
An assessment of medical students’ proficiency regarding the hazards of radiological examinations on the health of workers and patients: a cross-sectional study from Palestine
Authors: Awadghanem Ahmed , Sbaih Mahmoud , Hasoon Mohammad , Yassin Zaher , Samara Ahmad M. , Maree Mosab , Zyoud Sa’ed H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The use of radiological examination is increasing worldwide. Since radiation exposure can result in many health hazards, medical professionals, as well as medical students, should possess adequate knowledge regarding radiation and its related hazards to protect themselves and the patients. Many studies have assessed medical students’ knowledge on this topic, but never in Palestine. In this study, we aimed to examine Palestinian medical students’ awareness and knowledge regarding radiological examination modalities and their risks on themselves and their patients.

Methods
This was an observational, cross-sectional, population-based study, conducted to assess the awareness of radiation exposure and its risks among Palestinian medical students. An online questionnaire was implemented on medical students at An-Najah National University. A total knowledge score that ranged from 0 to 22 was calculated for each participant, with higher scores indicating better knowledge regarding radiation doses and the related hazards.

Results
Two hundred eighty and seven students participated in our study, with a response rate of 71%. The average knowledge score of the participants was 10.97 ± 4.31 out of a maximum of 22 points. Male participants and participants in advanced study years achieved better knowledge scores (p-values were 0.034 and < 0.001, respectively). Perceived radiology knowledge was significantly associated with the actual knowledge score among the participants (p-value< 0.001). Receiving radiology lectures in fourth and fifth years significantly affected the participants’ knowledge score (p-values were < 0.001).

Conclusions
We found a severe lack of knowledge regarding radiation doses and related risks among medical students. Therefore, we recommend that medical schools update and supplement their curriculum regarding knowledge on radiation.
Emerging impact of the long noncoding RNA MIR22HG on proliferation and apoptosis in multiple human cancers
Authors: Zhang Le , Li Cuixia , Su Xiulan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn increasing number of studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, chromatin remodeling, metabolism and immune escape. Clinically, the expression of MIR22HG is increased in many human tumors (colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, and thyroid carcinoma), while in others (esophageal adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma), it is significantly decreased. Moreover, MIR22HG has been reported to function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), be involved in signaling pathways, interact with proteins and interplay with miRNAs as a host gene to participate in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this review, we describe the biological functions of MIR22HG, reveal its underlying mechanisms for cancer regulation, and highlight the potential role of MIR22HG as a novel cancer prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target that can increase the efficacy of immunotherapy and targeted therapy for cancer treatment.
Helmet continuous positive airway pressure versus high-flow nasal cannula in COVID-19: a pragmatic randomised clinical trial (COVID HELMET)
Authors: Tverring Jonas , Åkesson Anna , Nielsen Niklas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients with COVID-19 and hypoxaemia despite conventional low-flow oxygen therapy are often treated with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in line with international guidelines. Oxygen delivery by helmet continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a feasible option that enables a higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and may theoretically reduce the need for intubation compared to HFNC but direct comparative evidence is lacking.

Methods
We plan to perform an investigator-initiated, pragmatic, randomised trial at an intermediate-level COVID-19 cohort ward in Helsingborg Hospital, southern Sweden. We have estimated a required sample size of 120 patients randomised 1:1 to HFNC or Helmet CPAP to achieve 90% power to detect superiority at a 0.05 significance level regarding the primary outcome of ventilator free days (VFD) within 28 days using a Mann-Whitney U test. Patient recruitment is planned to being June 2020 and be completed in the first half of 2021.

Discussion
We hypothesise that the use of Helmet CPAP will reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation compared to the use of HFNC without having a negative effect on survival. This could have important implications during the current COVID-19 epidemic.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04395807. Registered on 20 May 2020
Pan-cancer identification of clinically relevant genomic subtypes using outcome-weighted integrative clustering
Authors: Arora Arshi , Olshen Adam B. , Seshan Venkatraman E. , Shen Ronglai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Comprehensive molecular profiling has revealed somatic variations in cancer at genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels. The accumulating data has shown clearly that molecular phenotypes of cancer are complex and influenced by a multitude of factors. Conventional unsupervised clustering applied to a large patient population is inevitably driven by the dominant variation from major factors such as cell-of-origin or histology. Translation of these data into clinical relevance requires more effective extraction of information directly associated with patient outcome.

Methods
Drawing from ideas in supervised text classification, we developed survClust, an outcome-weighted clustering algorithm for integrative molecular stratification focusing on patient survival. survClust was performed on 18 cancer types across multiple data modalities including somatic mutation, DNA copy number, DNA methylation, and mRNA, miRNA, and protein expression from the Cancer Genome Atlas study to identify novel prognostic subtypes.

Results
Our analysis identified the prognostic role of high tumor mutation burden with concurrently high CD8 T cell immune marker expression and the aggressive clinical behavior associated with CDKN2A deletion across cancer types. Visualization of somatic alterations, at a genome-wide scale (total mutation burden, mutational signature, fraction genome altered) and at the individual gene level, using circomap further revealed indolent versus aggressive subgroups in a pan-cancer setting.

Conclusions
Our analysis has revealed prognostic molecular subtypes not previously identified by unsupervised clustering. The algorithm and tools we developed have direct utility toward patient stratification based on tumor genomics to inform clinical decision-making. The survClust software tool is available at https://github.com/arorarshi/survClust.
Serum sCTLA-4 level is not associated with type 1 diabetes or the coexistence of autoantibodies in children and adolescent patients from the southern region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Hakami Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The soluble form of CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) is associated with several autoimmune diseases. The aim of the study is to measure the serum sCTLA-4 levels in type I diabetic (T1DM) patients and to assess the presence of autoantibodies for a possible association.

Methods
One hundred forty-two T1DM patients were enrolled in the study. Fifty of them were serologically positive for co-existing autoantibodies. One hundred and five subjects were enrolled in the study, as non-diabetic controls (1–17 years of age; median age—10 years). The serum samples of all the subjects were analyzed with ELISA to detect the concentration of sCTLA-4 and anti-GAD/IA2 IgG. Standard statistical analysis was conducted as required.

Results
Ninety-four (66%) subjects of T1DM patients and five (4.7%) subjects of the non-diabetic group had antibodies positive for anti-GAD/IA2. Serum sCTLA-4 was low in most of the subjects of both the diabetic and control groups (p = 0.18). In the control group, nine individuals (8.6%) were positive for sCTLA-4. Similarly, only seven patients (4.9%) in the T1DM group had high levels of sCTLA-4, of which two were found to be double positive for anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. In addition, among the T1DM patients, no significant relationships were observed between sCTLA-4 levels and age of onset (p = 0.43), disease duration (p = 0.09), or glycemic control (p = 0.32).

Conclusion
Despite the previous findings of high sCTLA-4 levels in autoimmune diseases, serum levels of sCTLA-4 are not significantly different between T1DM patients and non-diabetic adolescents. Furthermore, we did not observe any association with autoantibody presence, glycemic control, or disease duration.
A controller deployment scheme in 5G-IoT network based on SDN
Authors: Cui Xin , Gao Xiaohui , Ma Yan , Wang Weihan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDue to the wide spread of 5G networks, network users have higher requirements for communication delays. Software-defined network is a new paradigm of decoupling the control logic from packet forwarding devices. We can reduce communication latency in the network by optimizing the location of the controller and improve the communication performance of the network. In this paper, the controller deployment problem of multi-network area is studied in order to reduce the average communication latency. In order to solve this problem, we proposed an optimized DPC algorithm. Specifically, on the basis of DPC algorithm we quoted the idea of triangular stability from the BeeDPC algorithm, and introduced SC measurement indicators, the degree of separation between sub-network regions and the degree of aggregation within the sub-network region, so as to divide the network region more reasonably. At the same time, we have break out of the constraints in the DPC algorithm and introduced closeness centrality to get a more reasonable placement scheme and reduced the limitations of the DPC algorithm. Simulation results have shown that the optimized DPC algorithm can effectively reduce the average delay between the control layer and the data layer, improve the network performance, and enhance network stability and reliability.
Irrigation suitability evaluation of Zamra irrigation scheme, Abergelle District of Wag-Himra Zone, Amhara Region Ethiopia
Authors: Sebnie Workat , Adgo Enyew , Kendie Hailu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Assessment of suitable lands for irrigation is indispensable to plan and implement different programs in a cost-effective approach for sustainable land use planning and efficient utilization of the land. Hence selecting proper land use based on land suitability evaluation will enhance the productivity per unit area and ensures the sustainable use of land resources. Therefore, the research was designed to evaluate the suitability of the soil properties of Zamra irrigation scheme for irrigation purposes.

Method
For this study about 195.16 ha of land were evaluated for irrigation suitablity. Four soil profile pits were opened in the representative site of the scheme based on slope, texture, soil color and soil depth. Soil samples were collected from the soil mapping units for analysis of texture, electrical conductivity, and calcium carbonate content, whereas slope, drainage and soil depth were directly measured at the field. The evaluation was carried out using a parametric evaluation method.

Results
The results of the study revealed that four types of soils were identified namely, Rehodic Nitisol(eutric), Haplic Regosol (eutric) Eutric Regosol, Leptic Regosol (eutric, loamic), and Vertic Cambisol (Hypereutric). The soil texture consists of sandy loam and sandy clay loam at the surface and subsurface soil and the soil depth of study area varied from shallow to very deep. The soil of the scheme was free from salinity and the status of calcium carbonate was at a low level. The slope of the study area was ranged from flat (0–3%) to slopping (8–15%). Generally, 80.64 ha (41.32%) of the scheme was moderately suitable whereas 71.68 ha (36.73%) of the land was marginally suitable for irrigation. Due to major limiting factors of soil depth and slope about 42.84 ha of the land (21.95%) were not currently suitable for irrigation.

Conclusion
In the study area, the major limitations were slope and soil depth. Therefore, to increase production and productivity of the scheme, land improvement operations are suggested.
Phase-inherent linear visco-elasticity model for infinitesimal deformations in the multiphase-field context
Authors: Schwab Felix K. , Reiter Andreas , Herrmann Christoph , Schneider Daniel , Nestler Britta 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA linear visco-elasticity ansatz for the multiphase-field method is introduced in the form of a Maxwell-Wiechert model. The implementation follows the idea of solving the mechanical jump conditions in the diffuse interface regions, hence the continuous traction condition and Hadamard’s compatibility condition, respectively. This makes strains and stresses available in their phase-inherent form (e.g. $$\varepsilon ^{\alpha }_{ij}$$

ε

ij

α

, $$\varepsilon ^{\beta }_{ij}$$

ε

ij

β

), which conveniently allows to model material behaviour for each phase separately on the basis of these quantities. In the case of the Maxwell-Wiechert model this means the introduction of phase-inherent viscous strains. After giving details about the implementation, the results of the model presented are compared to a conventional Voigt/Taylor approach for the linear visco-elasticity model and both are evaluated against analytical and sharp-interface solutions in different simulation setups.
Mycoplasma hyorhinis as a possible cause of fibrinopurulent meningitis in pigs? - a case series
Authors: Bünger Moritz , Brunthaler Rene , Unterweger Christine , Loncaric Igor , Dippel Maximiliane , Ruczizka Ursula , Schwarz Lukas , Griessler Alfred , Voglmayr Thomas , Verhovsek Doris , Ladinig Andrea , Spergser Joachim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMycoplasma hyorhinisis an invader of the upper respiratory tract in swine that is considered to have ubiquitous distribution. It is mainly known for causing polyserositis and polyarthritis in weaned piglets, even though the mechanisms of systemic spread are not fully understood.Mycoplasma hyorhinishas also been associated with other diseases in pigs such as pneumonia or otitis media, but so far has not been known to cause central nervous disorders. This case series reports the isolation ofMycoplasma hyorhinisfrom cerebrospinal fluid and/ or meningeal swabs from piglets originating from four different piglet producing farms in Austria.Case presentationOn farm 1, coughing, stiff movement and central nervous signs occurred in nursery piglets.Mycoplasma hyorhiniswas the only pathogen isolated from meningeal swabs from two piglets showing central nervous signs. Fibrinopurulent leptomeningitis was only observed in one piglet. Only one of two nursery piglets from farm 2 showed mild central nervous signs but no histologic lesions;Mycoplasma hyorhiniswas isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of the piglet with neurologic signs.Mycoplasma hyorhiniswas isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of all three investigated piglets from farm 3, all of which showed central nervous signs and purulent leptomeningitis. Further,Streptococcus suiswas isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of one piglet. Fibrinopurulent leptomeningitis was detected in two piglets from farm 4 that had died overnight without showing any clinical signs andMycoplasma hyorhiniswas isolated from meningeal swabs from both piglets.ConclusionWhile causality has yet to be proven by experimental infection and in situ detection of the pathogen in histologic sections, the findings of this study and the absence of other pathogens suggestMycoplasma hyorhinisas a potential causative agent of meningitis in swine.
Merging academy and healthcare in the Public Health training of medical students
Authors: Leão Teresa , Barros Henrique 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPublic Health remains central to understand health and its determinants, and Public Health teams are essential for an integrated collaborative medical practice. However, current teaching of public health to medical students varies in the European Region though an investment in multidisciplinary workforce is recognised essential to deliver high quality public health services. A recent medical education curricula restructuring in the University of Porto Medical School resulted in the inclusion of a Public Health module linking academic teaching to field practice and provided the opportunity to make an initial appraisal of students’ perceptions.Case studyWe analysed final reports (n= 196), debriefing meetings notes (n= 2), and e-mails sent by students (n= 34) regarding the activities they observed or participated at, their contact with Public Health services’ teams, knowledge and critical appraisal, and opinion about the module. Students gained basic knowledge about how epidemiological surveillance, environmental health, health planning, and health promotion are performed in practice. They reported a better understanding of the roles and importance of Public Health services and its teams. Most considered that this module had an important role in their training. Some activities observed in the field lacked the needed standardisation to provide the students the feeling that core operations were experienced, which needs to be addressed in the future.ConclusionsPublic Health practice-based training within field institutions may bring a better understanding of the discipline and specialty for medical students. It may strengthen interconnectivity and coordination of healthcare agents, which may improve future medical practice with potential improvement of patient-centred care and in terms of public health response, and back their roles as health agents and decision-makers.
Improving low-voltage ride-through capability of a multimegawatt DFIG based wind turbine under grid faults
Authors: Nadour Mohamed , Essadki Ahmed , Nasser Tamou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLarge integration of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbines (WTs) into power networks can have significant consequences for power system operation and the quality of the energy supplied due to their excessive sensitivity towards grid disturbances. Under voltage dips, the resulting overcurrent and overvoltage in the rotor circuit and the DC link of a DFIG, could lead to the activation of the protection system and WT disconnection. This potentially results in sudden loss of several tens/hundreds of MWs of energy, and consequently intensifying the severity of the fault. This paper aims to combine the use of a crowbar protection circuit and a robust backstepping control strategy that takes into consideration of the dynamics of the magnetic flux, to improve DFIG’s Low-Voltage Ride Through capability and fulfill the latest grid code requirements. While the power electronic interfaces are protected, the WTs also provide large reactive power during the fault to assist system voltage recovery. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in terms of dynamic response and robustness against parametric variations.