bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Electrical Properties with Controllable Local Doping in Multilayer MoTe2 Transistors
Authors: Ke Yuxuan , Song Xuefen , Qi Dianyu , Liu Jidong , Hao Qiaoyan , Wang Zhuo , Tang Sisi , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt has been found that substitutional atoms, surface modification, electrostatic gating, and contact electrode engineering can induce doping effects in 2D materials. However, the doping level, area, position, and pattern shape are not well controlled; thus, it is hard to generate high‐performance, multifunctional devices and logic circuits with these doping approaches. Here, it is found that a damage‐free, highly controllable, local doping in multilayer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) flakes can be realized with highly controllable laser beam scanning irradiation. The doping level, area, position, and pattern shape are well controlled by adjusting parameters of the scanning laser beam. With the controllable doping, the subthreshold swing of MoTe2‐based transistors can be decreased by one order of magnitude, well‐matched p‐type and n‐type transports can be formed, and threshold voltages can be modulated, then a complementary inverter with ultra‐high gain ≈242 is realized, which is the highest in all reported inverters based on 2D materials. It is also found that a stable negative transconductance behavior can be created for the MoTe2 transistor by controlling doping position, then a frequency doubler is successfully demonstrated. Therefore, it is proposed that the position‐controlled local doping in multilayer MoTe2 may offer exciting application potentials in future nanoelectronics.
Introduction of Interfacial Load Polymeric Layer to Organic Flexible Memristor for Regulating Conductive Filament Growth
Authors: Park Hea‐Lim , Kim Min‐Hoi , Lee Sin‐Hyung 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn flexible neuromorphic electronics, solution‐processed organic memristors are important elements to perform memory functions. Despite considerable development for improving performances of organic memristors, the devices still exhibit the poor reliability and uniformity due to the stochastic characteristics of the conductive filament (CF) growth. Herein, the effective concept of introducing the interfacial load polymer (ILP) layers that control the CF growth in flexible organic memristors is demonstrated. In the flexible organic memristor, the ILP serves as an internal load resistor that regulates the CF growth in the electrolyte medium and the electron blocking layer, hence realizing self‐rectifying characteristics. In particular, the ILP provides the self‐compliance current of the device, which delicately limits the overgrowth of CFs. The flexible device delivers higher electrical performance (better reliability, uniformity, and the switching currents) than conventional devices without the ILP. Moreover, the device operates stably under repeated bending–straightening deformations. This unprecedented concept of achieving the capabilities of self‐compliance current and self‐rectifying property in a single memristor will provide a practical platform for constructing and realizing next‐generation flexible neuromorphic systems.
Prospects of Terahertz Transistors with the Topological Semimetal Cadmium Arsenide
Authors: Shoron Omor F. , Goyal Manik , Guo Binghao , Kealhofer David A. , Schumann Timo , Stemmer Susanne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractElectronic devices that operate at terahertz frequencies will require new materials that exhibit higher carrier velocities than traditional semiconductors. Calculations show that cadmium arsenide, a 3D topological (Dirac) semimetal, is an excellent candidate for field effect transistors that operate at frequencies above 1 THz. Moreover, such transistors have unique advantages that are enabled by the properties of Dirac electrons. These include predictions of an unprecedented linearity of the transconductance and cutoff frequencies over a large operating range and cutoff frequencies that remain above 1 THz at carrier densities as low as 1011 cm−2. The calculations are underpinned by measurements of devices with cadmium arsenide channels. Extremely low contact resistances (<2 × 10−9 Ω cm2), high electron velocities (>7 × 105 m s−1), and unprecedentedly large current densities (up to 10 A mm−1) are demonstrated. Current modulation (>50%) and transconductance already achieved in the early transistors show the potential for large (>10 ×) improvements by reducing interface trap densities. The results demonstrate the significant potential of topological semimetals for high‐speed transistors operating in the THz regime and open up new opportunities for next‐generation RF circuits.
Donor–Acceptor Metallopolymers Containing Ferrocene for Brain Inspired Memristive Devices
Authors: Zhang Miaocheng , Ma Chenxi , Du Dawei , Xiang Jing , Yao Suhao , Hu Ertao , Liu Shujuan , Tong Yi , Wong Wai‐Yeung , Zhao Qiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo realize brain‐inspired devices and systems, memristor is one of the significant alternatives in breaking through the infrastructure restrictions of present logic and memory devices. Organic materials have become popular to fabricate memristive devices due to their unique properties of low cost, mechanical flexibility, and compatibility with complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor technology. Metallopolymer is a new kind of promising organic materials functioning as the resistive‐switching layers of memristive devices due to the unique donor–acceptor type structure, which performs good ability of tuning electron concentration to boost the migration of inner ions. Herein, a new metallopolymer MP1 containing ferrocene and triphenylamine is designed and synthesized, which is utilized as a resistive‐switching layer of memristor with active and inert electrodes of Ag and Pt, respectively. Process flow of devices is fully developed and MP1 is found to act as metal‐ions‐accommodation site with the great potential to boost the formation of conductive filaments in the active region. More interestingly, the conductance of Ag/MP1/Pt memristor can be modulated under various voltage pulses exhibiting distinguished electrical properties. Additionally, synaptic functions are successfully emulated using such MP1‐based memristors. This work will greatly expand the further development of organic memristors for flexible brain‐inspired systems.
Severe ulcerative esophagitis and colitis induced by crizotinib therapy: A case report
Authors: Su Wei‐Wen , Hsu Hui‐Ting , Hsu Po‐Ke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a target of tyrosine kinase is altered in several kinds of cancer, including in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For this reason, the use of crizotinib to treat locally advanced or metastatic ALK‐positive NSCLC was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2011. The reported adverse events during clinical trials with crizotinib included esophageal disorders in 11% of the patients, although none of them experienced severe events. Drug‐induced esophagitis or more severe ulcerations are considerably rare according to the available case reports. We report a patient who presented with severe esophageal ulcers after 2‐year treatment with crizotinib for metastatic, ALK‐positive NSCLC. These clinical conditions improved after education on proper eating habits and an additional prescription of a proton pump inhibitor. Several months later, the patient developed colitis with severe diarrhea, which was successfully controlled with mesalazine without reductions in the dosage of crizotinib. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of successfully treated, consecutive esophageal and colonic ulcers related to crizotinib use. Crizotinib is a widely used targeted therapy for locally advanced or metastatic ALK‐positive NSCLC, and clinicians should keep in mind its severe drug‐related adverse effects such as esophagitis and colitis. Treatment with mesalazine, esomeprazole, and slightly decreasing the dose of crizotinib to 200 mg twice daily will be effective.
Self‐reported obstructive sleep apnea, amyloid and tau burden, and Alzheimer's disease time‐dependent progression
Authors: Bubu Omonigho M. , Umasabor‐Bubu Ogie Q. , Turner Arlener D , Parekh Ankit , Mullins Anna E. , Kam Korey , Birckbichler Madeline K. , Mukhtar Fahad , Mbah Alfred K , Williams Natasha J. , Rapoport David M. , de Leon Mony , Jean‐Louis Girardin , Ayappa Indu , Varga Andrew W. , Osorio Ricardo S. ,   and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers in cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impaired (MCI) participants. However, independent and combined effects of OSA, amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau‐accumulation on AD time‐dependent progression risk is unclear.MethodsStudy participants grouped by biomarker profile, as described by the A/T/N scheme, where “A” refers to aggregated Aβ, “T” aggregated tau, and “N” to neurodegeneration, included 258 CN (OSA‐positive [OSA+] [A+TN+ n = 10, A+/TN− n = 6, A−/TN+ n = 10, A−/TN− n = 6 and OSA‐negative [OSA‐] [A+TN+ n = 84, A+/TN− n = 11, A−/TN+ n = 96, A−/TN− n = 36]) and 785 MCI (OSA+ [A+TN+ n = 35, A+/TN− n = 15, A−/TN+ n = 25, A−/TN− n = 16] and OSA− [A+TN+ n = 388, A+/TN− n = 28, A−/TN+ n = 164, A−/TN− n = 114]) older‐adults from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated the relative hazard of progression from CN‐to‐MCI and MCI‐to‐AD, among baseline OSA CN and MCI patients, respectively. Multi‐level logistic mixed‐effects models with random intercept and slope investigated the synergistic associations of self‐reported OSA, Aβ, and tau burden with prospective cognitive decline.ResultsIndependent of TN‐status (CN and MCI), OSA+/Aβ+ participants were approximately two to four times more likely to progress to MCI/AD (P < .001) and progressed 6 to 18 months earlier (P < .001), compared to other participants combined (ie, OSA+/Aβ−, OSA−/Aβ+, and OSA−/Aβ−). Notably, OSA+/Aβ− versus OSA−/Aβ− (CN and MCI) and OSA+/TN− versus OSA−/TN− (CN) participants showed no difference in the risk and time‐to‐MCI/AD progression. Mixed effects models demonstrated OSA synergism with Aβ (CN and MCI [β = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.74 to 1.52, and β = 1.18, 95%CI, 0.82 to 1.54]) respectively, and with tau (MCI [β = 1.31, 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.47]), P < .001 for all.DiscussionOSA acts in synergism with Aβ and with tau, and all three acting together result in synergistic neurodegenerative mechanisms especially as Aβ and tau accumulation becomes increasingly abnormal, thus leading to shorter progression time to MCI/AD in CN and MCI‐OSA patients, respectively.
Graphene/polypropylene nanocomposites with improved thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Abuoudah Carmen K. , Greish Yaser E. , Abu‐Jdayil Basim , El‐said Ehab M. , Iqbal Muhammad Z. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSmall amount of large surface area graphene (G) is expected to significantly alter functional properties of polymers. The property enhancement is a function of degree of exfoliation and dispersion of G as well as its compatibility with base polymer. However, nonpolar nature of polyolefins such as polypropylene (PP) restricts homogeneous dispersion of G, leading to significant agglomeration and properties reduction. In this work, two compatibilizers, poly (ethylene‐co‐butyl acrylate) (EBA) (new compatibilizer) and PP‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (MA‐PP) (conventional compatibilizer) were compared to enhance the dispersion efficacy of G in PP. The EBA‐compatibilized nanocomposites exhibited 44% increase in the Young's modulus compared to 32% increment in MA‐PP‐compatibilized nanocomposites. Higher elongation at break for EBA‐compatibilized nanocomposites is attributed to lower degree of crystallinity in these nanocomposites. On the other hand, EBA‐compatibilized nanocomposites showed significantly improved thermal stability compared to MA‐PP‐compatibilized nanocomposites. The results indicate that EBA may act as a potential compatibilizer for G/PP nanocomposites.
Torsionstragverhalten von Betonhohlquerschnitten in geschlossenen und klaffenden Segmentfugen
Authors: Loh Lutz , Garg Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBeim Bau von besonders hohen Windenergieanlagen und auch im Brückenbau werden Betonfertigteile bevorzugt mit trockener Fuge gestoßen und einer Längsvorspannung überdrückt. Schubkräfte infolge Torsion und Querkraft können in der Segmentfuge lediglich über Reibung abgetragen werden, d. h. die Torsions‐ und Querkrafttragfähigkeit ist direkt mit dem Reibwiderstand der Fuge gekoppelt. Unter einer Biegebeanspruchung ist dieser Reibwiderstand über den Querschnitt veränderlich. Gleichzeitig kann es zu einer klaffenden Fuge im GZT kommen. Die vorherrschenden Bemessungsansätze haben es bisher nicht geschafft, eine stringente Lösung zur Torsionstragfähigkeit in Kombination mit Biegung darzulegen. Ein Ansatz gemäß Elastizitätstheorie soll hier auf das wahre Tragverhalten aufmerksam machen.
Carbo[n]helicenes Restricted to Enantiomerize: An Insight into the Design Process of Configurationally Stable Functional Chiral PAHs
Authors: Ravat Prince 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe most important stereodynamic feature of carbo[n]helicenes is the interconversion of their enantiomers. The Gibbs activation energy (ΔG≠(T)) of this process, which determines the rate of enantiomerization, dictates the configurational stability of [n]helicenes. High values of ΔG≠(T) are required for applications of functional chiral molecules incorporating [n]helicenes or helicene substructures. This minireview provides an overview of the mechanism, recent developments, and factors affecting the enantiomerization of [n]helicenes, which will accelerate the design process of configurationally stable functional chiral molecules based on helicene substructures. Additionally, this minireview addresses the misconception and irregularities in the recent literature on how the terms “racemization” and “enantiomerization” are used as well as how the activation parameters are calculated for [n]helicenes and related compounds.
Filterauswahl leicht gemacht
Authors: Wilbertz Gina ,   Amedes, für Stauff
Published: October 2020

AbstractMit dem neuen Online‐Konfigurator auf der Stauff‐Homepage kann der Hydraulikkonstrukteur in wenigen, intuitiv nachvollziehbaren Arbeitsschritten den passenden Hydraulikfilter für sein aktuelles Projekt auswählen.
Pumpenstillstände vermeiden
Authors: van Dorp Annette ,   AvD für Paul Bungartz
Published: October 2020

AbstractPumpenstillstände vermeiden Eigensichere und energieeffiziente Lösung für die Praxis Bezogen auf den Einsatz von Pumpen wurde der Begriff Eigensicherheit erstmalig für die Kreiselpumpen aus dem Hause Bungartz benutzt.
Schütten und Verdichten
Authors: Schaaf Susan ,   Rapp Advertising, für Flexicon Europe
Published: October 2020

AbstractEine neue mobile Sackschütte mit flexiblem Spiralförderer und Sackverdichter ermöglicht Transfer von Schüttgut aus Handsäcken, Eimern und Kisten in erhöhte Lagerbehälter.
Spermine Derivatives of Indole‐3‐carboxylic Acid, Indole‐3‐acetic Acid and Indole‐3‐acrylic Acid as Gram‐Negative Antibiotic Adjuvants
Authors: Cadelis Melissa M. , Li Steven A. , Bourguet‐Kondracki Marie‐Lise , Blanchet Marine , Douafer Hana , Brunel Jean Michel , Copp Brent R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe discovery of new antibiotic adjuvants is an attractive option for overcoming antimicrobial resistance. We have previously reported the discovery of a bis‐6‐bromoindolglyoxylamide derivative of spermine as being able to enhance the action of antibiotics against Gram‐negative bacteria but suffers from being cytotoxic and red‐blood cell haemolytic. A series of analogues was prepared exploring variation of the indolglyoxylamide unit, to include indole‐3‐acrylic, indole‐3‐acetic and indole‐3‐carboxylate units, and evaluated for antibiotic enhancing properties against a range of Gram‐negative bacteria, and for intrinsic antimicrobial, cytotoxic and haemolytic properties. Two spermine derivatives, bearing 5‐bromo‐indole‐3‐acetic acid (17) and 5‐methoxy‐indole‐3‐acrylic acid (14) end groups were found to exhibit good to moderate antibiotic adjuvant activities for doxycycline towards the Gram‐negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, but with more modest intrinsic antimicrobial activity and greatly reduced cytotoxic and haemolytic properties. The mechanism of action of the latter derivative identified its ability to disrupt the outer membranes of bacteria and to inhibit the AcrAB‐TolC efflux pump directly or by inhibiting the proton gradient.
A Ligand‐Directed Nitrophenol Carbonate for Transient in situ Bioconjugation and Drug Delivery
Authors: Burt Anthony J. , Ahmadvand Parvaneh , Opp Larissa K. , Ryan Austin T. , Kang ChulHee , Mancini Rock J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHere we report the first use of ligand‐directed proximity accelerated bioconjugation chemistry in the tandem delivery and release of a therapeutic payload. To do this, we designed a nitrophenol carbonate for ligand‐directed in situ bioconjugation of a prodrug payload to a protein. The transient nature of our conjugation chemistry renders the protein a depot for time‐dependent release of active drug following hydrolysis and self‐immolation. In our model system, using an immunostimulant prodrug, biotin ligand, and avidin protein, we observe release of bioavailable immunostimulant both spectroscopically and with an immune cell line over 48 h. Avidin co‐crystalized with the nitrophenolate directing group verified the binding pose of the ligand and offered insight into the mechanism of in situ bioconjugation. Overall, this scaffold warrants further investigation for the time‐dependent delivery of therapeutics and use in protein ligand pairs beyond biotin and avidin used for this work.
Should “suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma” and “positive for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma” remain separate categories?
Authors: Nguyen Luan , Nilforoushan Neshat , Krane Jeffrey F. , Bose Shikha , Bakkar Rania 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe Paris System (TPS) for Reporting Urinary Cytology aims to standardize urine cytology reporting. Per TPS, the diagnosis of “suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (SHGUC)” is applied in cases that have few urothelial cells with severe atypia but are quantitatively insufficient for a diagnosis of “high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC).” In our study, we compared the diagnostic accuracy and risk of malignancy (ROM) of these 2 categories to assess whether they could be combined in clinical practice to perhaps improve overall interobserver variability.MethodsAll urine specimens with a diagnosis of either SHGUC or HGUC from January 2016 to July 2019 were retrieved from the pathology database of 2 large academic institutions. Only cases with follow‐up biopsies within 6 months were included.ResultsOne hundred eighty‐nine cases met the study criteria. Of these, 122 had a cytologic diagnosis of SHGUC, and 67 had a diagnosis of HGUC. Ninety‐five (78%) cases from the SHGUC group and 64 (96%) cases from the HGUC group had biopsy‐proven HGUC. The majority of cases with discordance had a history of treatment with either intravesical bacillus Calmette‐Guérin or mitomycin. The difference in the rate of biopsy‐proven HGUC between the SHGUC category and the HGUC category (95/122 vs 64/67, respectively) was statistically significant (P < .001).ConclusionsThe difference in ROM between SHGUC and HGUC was statistically significant in our study cohort. Intravesical chemotherapy was frequently observed in negative biopsy cases in both groups. Our preliminary findings suggest that the 2 TPS categories should remain separate.
An efficient nonlinear polynomial color characterization method based on interrelations of color spaces
Authors: Ji Jing , Fang Suping , Shi Zhengyuan , Xia Qing , Li Yibao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA well‐known color characterization method is to take an image of a color chart and then to find the mapping matrix from the digital RGBs to the corresponding known CIEXYZs. However, the prediction errors are generally large in CIELAB color space because of the nonlinear transformation from CIEXYZs to CIELABs. In this article, we propose an efficient and simple nonlinear method for the color characterization of input devices. The approach for deriving a colorimetric mapping between digital RGB signals and CIELAB tristimulus values uses the polynomial modeling by considering the interrelations among the standard CIE color spaces. Furthermore, to improve the accuracy of solution, we take the polynomial root terms extension. Our algorithm is simple to implement because only a least‐squares mapping should be solved. Various computational results are given to demonstrate the efficiency and capability of the proposed method.
Exploration of OpenCL Heterogeneous Programming for Porting Solidification Modeling to CPU‐GPU Platforms
Authors: Halbiniak Kamil , Szustak Lukasz , Olas Tomasz , Wyrzykowski Roman , Gepner Pawel 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis article provides a comprehensive study of OpenCL heterogeneous programming for porting applications to CPU–GPU computing platforms, with a real‐life application for the solidification modeling. The aim is to achieve a flexible workload distribution between available CPU–GPU resources and optimize application performance. Considering the solidification application as a use case, we explore the necessary steps required for (i) adaptation of an application to CPU–GPU platforms, and (ii) mapping the application workload onto the OpenCL programming model. The adaptation is based on a reformulation of steps developed previously for CPU–MIC architectures. The mapping process allows us to utilize OpenCL for harnessing CPU and GPU cores using data parallelism, as well as for the management of available compute devices with task parallelism. The resulting OpenCL code's performance and energy efficiency is experimentally studied for two platforms with powerful GPUs of various generations (with Kepler and Volta architectures). The experiments confirm the performance advantage of using computing resources of both GPUs and CPUs. The achieved benefit depends on the relationship between the computing power of CPUs and GPUs. Moreover, this gain entails the growth of the average power that increases the energy consumed during the application execution.