bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of cernitin pollen extract vs tadalafil therapy for refractory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: A randomized, prospective study
Authors: Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Naito Yushi , Funahashi Yasuhito , Ishida Shohei , Fujita Takashi , Tochigi Kosuke , Kato Masashi , Gotoh Momokazu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo compare the efficacy of cernitin pollen extract (cernitin) or tadalafil for treating persistent chronic pelvic pain despite α1‐blocker monotherapy in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).MethodsA total of 100 patients with refractory CP/CPPS despite ongoing α1‐blocker monotherapy were randomized to receive add‐on therapy with either cernitin (4 capsules/day) or tadalafil (5 mg/d) for 12 weeks. At week 12, changes from baseline in the patients’ CP/CPPS, LUTS, and voiding function, as assessed using the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH‐CPSI), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and uroflowmetry, respectively, were compared between the groups.ResultsThe final analysis included 42 and 45 patients in the cernitin and tadalafil groups, respectively. Although the NIH‐CPSI total, NIH‐CPSI pain sub‐score, and NIH‐CPSI quality of life sub‐score significantly improved in both groups, the cernitin (vs tadalafil) group showed significantly greater improvements in the NIH‐CPSI total score (−6.8 vs −4.6; P = .02) and NIH‐CPSI pain sub‐score (−4.1 vs −1.5; P < .001). Half (50%) of the patients in the cernitin group showed a reduction greater than 50% in their NIH‐CPSI pain sub‐score; in the tadalafil group, only four patients (8.9%) showed ≥50% improvement (P < .001). In contrast, the improvement in LUTS was significantly superior in the tadalafil group.ConclusionBoth cernitin and tadalafil significantly ameliorated chronic pelvic pain in patients with refractory CP/CPPS. The add‐on of cernitin was more effective than tadalafil for pelvic pain and discomfort.
An urgent case for sensory urgency: A patient perspective
Authors: Meijlink Jane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInterstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) patients around the world are all too familiar with the immense stress and anxiety caused by an urgent and frequent need to void, leading to many patients with IC/BPS staying at home in social isolation since they are afraid that they will not find a public toilet when they urgently need it. It is therefore of great concern that for almost two decades the “sensory” type of urgency due to intolerable pain or unpleasant sensation as typically experienced by this group of patients has no longer been officially recognized, researched or treated as a symptom of IC/BPS. This official misrepresentation of IC/BPS symptoms needs to be addressed and rectified for the sake of patients and to ensure medical accuracy in research.
Robust topology optimization under multiple independent uncertainties of loading positions
Authors: Wang Dong , Gao Weifeng 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe topology optimization problem of a continuum structure is further investigated under the independent position uncertainties of multiple external loads, which are now described with an interval vector of uncertain‐but‐bounded variables. In this study, the structural compliance is formulated with the quadratic Taylor series expansion of multiple loading positions. As a result, the objective gradient information to the topological variables can be evaluated efficiently upon an explicit quadratic expression as the loads deviate from their ideal application points. Based on the minimum (largest absolute) value of design sensitivities, which corresponds to the most sensitive compliance to the load position variations, a two‐level optimization algorithm within the non‐probabilistic approach is developed upon a gradient‐based optimization method. The proposed framework is then performed to achieve the robust optimal configurations of four benchmark examples, and the final designs are compared comprehensively with the traditional topology optimizations under the loading point fixation. It will be observed that the present methodology can provide a remarkably different structural layout with the auxiliary components in the design domain to counteract the load position uncertainties. The numerical results also show that the present robust topology optimization can effectively prevent the structural performance from a noticeable deterioration than the deterministic optimization in the presence of load position disturbances.
Diels‐Alder Reactivity of a Chiral Anthracene Template with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Dienophiles: A DFT Study
Authors: Hernández‐Mancera Jennifer P. , Núñez‐Zarur Francisco , Vivas‐Reyes Ricardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we used Density Functional Theory calculations to assess the factors that control the reactivity of a chiral anthracene template with three sets of dienophiles including maleic anhydrides, maleimides and acetoxy lactones in the context of Diels‐Alder cycloadditions. The results obtained here (at the M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory) suggest that the activation energies for maleic anhydrides and acetoxy lactones are dependent on the nature of the substituent in the dienophile. Among all studied substituents, only −CN reduces the energy barrier of the cycloaddition. For maleimides, the activation energies are independent of the heteroatom of the dienophile and the R group attached to it. The analysis of frontier molecular orbitals, charge transfer and the activation strain model (at the M06‐2X/TZVP level based on M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) geometries) suggest that the activation energies in maleic anhydrides are mainly controlled by the amount of charge transfer from the diene to the dienophile during cycloaddition. For maleimides, there is a dual control of interaction and strain energies on the activation energies, whereas for the acetoxy lactones the activation energies seem to be controlled by the degree of template distortion at the transition state. Finally, calculations show that considering a catalyst on the studied cycloadditions changes the reaction mechanism from concerted to stepwise and proceed with much lower activation energies.
Implementing a comprehensive behavioral health model for social, emotional, and behavioral development in an urban district: An applied study
Authors: Battal Jill , Pearrow Melissa M. , Kaye Amy J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUrban communities are disproportionality impacted by issues such as community violence, leaving children at higher risk of trauma, and increased adverse childhood experiences. This applied study addresses a research‐to‐practice gap by demonstrating the longitudinal impact of a district‐initiated, school‐wide multitiered systems of support approach to universal instruction, intervention, and assessment—the Comprehensive Behavioral Health Model. Results from more than 1200 students over a 3‐year period indicate that this universal, integrated approach is associated with improved outcomes for students with a demonstrated level of risk, with the greatest impact on students with risk of internalizing behaviors. The findings of this applied study highlight the benefits of a systemic approach and enhance the discourse on robust universal screenings that can identify needs and assets of children within urban communities.
Nanog mediates tobacco smoke‐induced enhancement of renal cancer stem cell properties
Authors: Zhang Taotao , Sun Hongliang , Liu Rui , Cao Wanshuang , Zhang Tao , Li Enlai , Sun Xianchao , Wu Wangyu , Yu Dexin , Zhong Caiyun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNanog plays an important role in the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) which participate in tumorgenesis and progression. In renal cancer, tobacco smoke (TS) is considered a major risk factor. However, the molecular mechanism by which TS induces the development of renal CSC properties remains largely unknown. In this study, we showed that the level of Nanog was elevated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with a smoking history, and that Nanog overexpression promoted the traits of CSCs in renal cancer. We further demonstrated that a 8‐week exposure of TS enhanced the formation of renal tumorspheres, increased the population of CD133‐positive cells, and stimulated the expression of Nanog and CSC markers. In addition, TS was found to play a role in accelerating the cell growth transition from G1 to S phase in renal CSCs. Finally, we demonstrated that the TS‐induced effects in renal CSCs could be reversed through the downregulation of Nanog. Our results suggested that Nanog plays a role in mediating TS‐induced renal CSC properties. This study may provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of TS‐related renal tumorigenesis, which can contribute to the future development of therapeutics for renal cancer.
Autophagy alleviates amiodarone-induced hepatotoxicity
Authors: Wandrer Franziska , Frangež Živa , Liebig Stephanie , John Katharina , Vondran Florian , Wedemeyer Heiner , Veltmann Christian , Pfeffer Tobias J. , Shibolet Oren , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Simon Hans-Uwe , Bantel Heike 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAmiodarone is a widely used antiarrhythmic drug that can cause the development of steatohepatitis as well as liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. The molecular mechanisms of amiodarone-mediated liver injury remain largely unknown. We therefore analyzed amiodarone-mediated hepatocellular injury in patients with chronic heart failure, in primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. We found that amiodarone-treated patients with chronic heart failure revealed significantly higher serum levels of caspase-cleaved keratin-18, an apoptosis biomarker, compared to healthy individuals or patients not receiving amiodarone. Furthermore, amiodarone treatment of hepatocytes resulted in apoptosis associated with lipid accumulation and ER-stress induction. Liver cell steatosis was accompanied by enhanced de novo lipogenesis which, after reaching peak levels, declined together with decreased activation of ER stress. The decline of amiodarone-mediated lipotoxicity was associated with protective autophagy induction. In contrast, in hepatocytes treated with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine as well as in autophagy gene (ATG5 or ATG7)-deficient hepatocytes, amiodarone-triggered toxicity was increased. In conclusion, we demonstrate that amiodarone induces lipid accumulation associated with ER stress and apoptosis in hepatocytes, which is mirrored by increased keratin-18 fragment serum levels in amiodarone-treated patients. Autophagy reduces amiodarone-mediated lipotoxicity and could provide a therapeutic strategy for protection from drug-induced liver injury.
Benefits and added value of convection-permitting climate modeling over Fenno-Scandinavia
Authors: Lind Petter , Belušić Danijel , Christensen Ole B. , Dobler Andreas , Kjellström Erik , Landgren Oskar , Lindstedt David , Matte Dominic , Pedersen Rasmus A. , Toivonen Erika , Wang Fuxing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConvection-permitting climate models have shown superior performance in simulating important aspects of the precipitation climate including extremes and also to give partly different climate change signals compared to coarser-scale models. Here, we present the first long-term (1998–2018) simulation with a regional convection-permitting climate model for Fenno-Scandinavia. We use the HARMONIE-Climate (HCLIM) model on two nested grids; one covering Europe at 12 km resolution (HCLIM12) using parameterized convection, and one covering Fenno-Scandinavia with 3 km resolution (HCLIM3) with explicit deep convection. HCLIM12 uses lateral boundaries from ERA-Interim reanalysis. Model results are evaluated against reanalysis and various observational data sets, some at high resolutions. HCLIM3 strongly improves the representation of precipitation compared to HCLIM12, most evident through reduced “drizzle” and increased occurrence of higher intensity events as well as improved timing and amplitude of the diurnal cycle. This is the case even though the model exhibits a cold bias in near-surface temperature, particularly for daily maximum temperatures in summer. Simulated winter precipitation is biased high, primarily over complex terrain. Considerable undercatchment in observations may partly explain the wet bias. Examining instead the relative occurrence of snowfall versus rain, which is sensitive to variance in topographic heights it is shown that HCLIM3 provides added value compared to HCLIM12 also for winter precipitation. These results, indicating clear benefits of convection-permitting models, are encouraging motivating further exploration of added value in this region, and provide a valuable basis for impact studies.
Positionspapier der Kommission Digitale Rheumatologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie e. V.: Aufgaben, Ziele und Perspektiven für eine moderne Rheumatologie
Authors: Knitza J. , Callhoff J. , Chehab G. , Hueber A. , Kiltz U. , Kleyer A. , Krusche M. , Simon D. , Specker C. , Schneider M. , Voormann A. , Welcker M. , Richter J. G. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen ist für die Rheumatologie eine ebenso große Herausforderung wie für andere medizinische Fachgebiete. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie e. V. (DGRh) will diesen Prozess aktiv gestalten und davon profitieren. Mit der Gründung der Kommission Digitale Rheumatologie hat sie ein Gremium geschaffen, das die damit verbundenen Aufgaben bearbeitet, die DGRh zu Fragestellungen berät und sich positioniert. Für die DGRh berührt dies verschiedenste Bereiche der Digitalisierung in Medizin und Rheumatologie. Dieses Positionspapier legt die aktuell von der Kommission bearbeiteten Themengebiete, Entwicklungen und identifizierten Aufgaben dar.
Enzymatic transesterification of urethane-bond containing ester
Authors: Skoczinski Pia , Espinoza Cangahuala Mónica K. , Maniar Dina , Loos Katja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere we demonstrate the feasibility and successful application of enzymes in polyurethane network synthesis as well as occurring hurdles that have to be addressed when using urethanes synthesis substrates. The enzymatic transesterification of an urethane-bond containing monofunctional ester and a model alcohol carbitol using lipases is discussed. The reaction is optimized in terms of transesterification time and temperature, the reaction solvent, the possibility of a cosolvent and the alcohol amount, the used transesterification environment, and the biocatalyst. Enzymatic cross-linking of polyurethanes can open up a pool of new possibilities for cross-linking and related polyurethane network properties due to the enzymes high enantio-, stereo-, and regioselectivity and broad substrate spectrum.
Near-Field Spot for Localized Light-Excitation of a Single Fluorescent Molecule
Authors: Nisar Muhammad Shemyal , Cui Yujun , Dang Kaitong , Jiang Liyong , Zhao Xiangwei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZero-mode waveguides have become important tools for the detection of single molecules. There are still, however, serious challenges because large molecules need to be packed into nano-holes. To circumvent this problem, we investigate and numerically simulate a novel planar sub-wavelength 3-dimension (3D) structure, which is named as near-field spot. It enables the detection of a single molecule in highly concentrated solutions. The near-field spot can produce evanescent waves at the dielectric/water interface, which exponentially decay as they travel away from the dielectric/water interface. These evanescent waves are keys for the detection of fluorescently tagged single molecules. A numerical simulation of the proposed device shows that the performance is comparable with a zero-mode waveguide. Additional degrees-of-freedom, however, can potentially supersede its performance.
Prospective Study Demonstrates Utility of EP-QuIC in Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease Diagnoses
Authors: Simon Sharon L. R. , Peterson Anne , Phillipson Clark , Walker Jonathan M. , Richmond Meika , Jansen Gerard H. , Knox J. David 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT:Prospectively acquired Canadian cerebrospinal fluid samples were used to assess the performance characteristics of three ante-mortem tests commonly used to support diagnoses of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. The utility of the end-point quaking-induced conversion assay as a test for Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease diagnoses was compared to that of immunoassays designed to detect increased amounts of the surrogate markers 14-3-3γ and hTau. The positive predictive values of the end-point quaking-induced conversion, 14-3-3γ, and hTau tests conducted at the Prion Diseases Section of the Public Health Agency of Canada were 96%, 68%, and 66%, respectively.
THE TREE PROPERTY AT THE TWO IMMEDIATE SUCCESSORS OF A SINGULAR CARDINAL
Authors: CUMMINGS JAMES , HAYUT YAIR , MAGIDOR MENACHEM , NEEMAN ITAY , SINAPOVA DIMA , UNGER SPENCER 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present an alternative proof that from large cardinals, we can force the tree property at
$\kappa ^+$
and
$\kappa ^{++}$
simultaneously for a singular strong limit cardinal
$\kappa $
. The advantage of our method is that the proof of the tree property at the double successor is simpler than in the existing literature. This new approach also works to establish the result for
$\kappa =\aleph _{\omega ^2}$
.
A new nektaspid euarthropod from the Lower Ordovician strata of Morocco
Authors: Pérez-Peris Francesc , Laibl Lukáš , Lustri Lorenzo , Gueriau Pierre , Antcliffe Jonathan B , Bath Enright Orla G , Daley Allison C 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNektaspids are Palaeozoic non-biomineralized euarthropods that were at the peak of their diversity during the Cambrian Period. Post-Cambrian nektaspids are a low-diversity group with only a few species described so far. Here we describeTariccoia tazagurtensis, a new species of small-bodied nektaspid from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Shale of Morocco. The new species differs from the type (and only other known) species from the Ordovician strata of Sardinia (Italy),Tariccoia arrusensis, in possessing more pointed genal angles, a cephalon with marginal rim, a pygidium with anterior margin curved forwards, a rounded posterior margin, and longer and more curved thoracic tergites. The two specimens ofT. tazagurtensissp. nov. show remains of digestive glands that are comparable to those seen in the Cambrian nektaspidNaraoia. The rare occurrence ofT. tazagurtensissp. nov. in the Fezouata Shale and the distribution of other liwiids suggest that these liwiids were originally minor members of open-marine communities during the Cambrian Period, and migrated into colder brackish or restricted seas during the Ordovician Period.
ESTADO, BANCA PÚBLICA Y FINANCIAMIENTO DE LAS EXPORTACIONES: EL GRAN PRÉSTAMO ARGENTINO A LOS ALIADOS DE 1918–19
Authors: Regalsky Andrés , Vence Conti Agustina 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe outbreak of the First World War had a strong impact on Latin American economies, due to the sharp interruption of the influx of capital and the deep disturbances that it caused in international trade. In the Argentine case, a notable aspect was, together with the increase in the fiscal deficit, the growing trade and payment balance surplus. Public indebtedness was reoriented towards the domestic market by the means of a state bank Banco de la Nación, and this institution also granted a large loan to the governments of England and France, to finance the export of cereals to those countries. This work seeks to contribute both to the debate on the financial impact of the war and postwar conflict in Argentina, as well as to the role of public banks to mitigate the ups and downs of the external sector and mitigate its effects on local actors.
A mother–child intervention program for adolescent mothers: Results from a randomized controlled trial (the TeeMo study)
Authors: Firk Christine , Dahmen Brigitte , Dempfle Astrid , Niessen Anke , Baumann Christin , Schwarte Reinhild , Koslowski Julia , Kelberlau Kerstin , Konrad Kerstin , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChildren of adolescent mothers are a high-risk group for negative child development. Previous findings suggest that early interventions may enhance child development by improving mother–child interaction. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a mother–child intervention (STEEP-b) program in high-risk adolescent mother–infant dyads (N= 56) within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Mother–child interaction was assessed at baseline (T1), postintervention (T2), and follow-up (T3). The primary outcome was the change in maternal sensitivity and child responsiveness from T1 to T2 that was measured by blinded ratings of videotaped mother–child-interaction with the Emotional Availability Scales. A modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed to examine the data. No intervention effect was found for maternal sensitivity, 95% CI [-0.59–0.60],p= .99, and child responsiveness, 95% CI [-0.51–0.62],p= .84. Maternal sensitivity and child responsiveness did not change over time in both groups (allps> .05). A statistically nonsignificant, but potentially clinically meaningful difference emerged between rates of serious adverse events, SC: 4 (14.8%), STEEP-b: 1 (3.4%), possibly driven by different intensity of surveillance of dyads in the treatment groups. The current findings question the effectiveness of STEEP-b for high-risk adolescent mothers and do not justify the broad implementation of this approach.
Presidential Greatness in a Polarized Era: Results from the Latest Presidential Greatness Survey
Authors: Rottinghaus Brandon , Eady Gregory , Vaughn Justin S. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTFor generations, scholars have used surveys to examine presidential greatness. However, the rising tide of politicization calls these ratings into question. Can those who study the presidency offer fair judgments regardless of their political affiliation? Does their affiliation alter judgments of presidential greatness in historical or contemporary terms? Using a 2018 expert survey of political scientists who study the presidency, we find that party affiliation and ideological differences do alter—albeit slightly—perceptions of presidential greatness for both past and present presidents up to and including Donald Trump. Our results call into question such ratings insofar as they exist absent the political and ideological context of the reviewer.
Co-optation and Repression of Religion in Authoritarian Regimes
Authors: Schleutker Elina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractComparative research on authoritarianism has largely neglected religion. Yet, in order to understand the logic of authoritarian control over the civil society, it is necessary to study how the authoritarian regimes deal with religious groups. In this paper, lessons from the two rapidly expanding fields on regulation of religion and comparative authoritarianism are combined. In particular, a conceptualization of regulation of religion in the authoritarian context is proposed, according to which positive endorsement of religion can be understood as co-optation, whereas negative restrictions can be seen as repression. By employing data on positive endorsement and negative restrictions on religion from 2014 for ca. 70 countries, three different clusters of authoritarian countries regarding the regulation of religion are identified. Finally, it is argued that capacity and ambition of both the religious groups and the authoritarian regimes are the main determinants of regulation.