bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct non-ischemic myocardial late gadolinium enhancement lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bojer Annemie Stege , Sørensen Martin Heyn , Vejlstrup Niels , Goetze Jens P. , Gæde Peter , Madsen Per Lav 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) have described localised non-ischemic late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) lesions of prognostic importance in various non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. Ischemic LGE lesions are prevalent in diabetes (DM), but non-ischemic LGE lesions have not previously been described or systematically studied in DM. Methods: 296 patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and 25 sex-matched control subjects underwent echocardiography and CMR including adenosine-stress perfusion, T1-mapping and LGE. Results: 264 patients and all control subjects completed the CMR protocol. 78.4% of patients with T2DM had no LGE lesions; 11.0% had ischemic LGE lesions only; 9.5% had non-ischemic LGE lesions only; and 1.1% had both one ischemic and one non-ischemic lesion. The non-ischemic LGE lesions were situated mid-myocardial in the basal lateral or the basal inferolateral part of the left ventricle and the affected segments showed normal to high wall thickness and normal contraction. Patients with non-ischemic LGE lesions in comparison with patients without LGE lesions had increased myocardial mass (150±34 vs. 133±33 g, P=0.02), average E/e’(9.9 IQR8.7-12.6 vs. 8.8 IQR7.4-10.7, P=0.04), left atrial maximal volume (102 IQR84.6-115.2 vs. 91 IQR75.2-100.0 mL, P=0.049), NT-proBNP (8.9 IQR5.9-19.7 vs. 5.9 IQR5.9-10.1 µmol/L, P=0.02) and high-sensitive troponin (15.6 IQR13.0-26.1 vs. 13.0 IQR13.0-14.6 ng/L, P=0.007) and a higher prevalence of retinopathy (48 vs. 25 %, p=0.009) and autonomic neuropathy (52 vs. 30.5%, P=0.005).Conclusion A specific LGE pattern with lesions in the basal lateral or the basal inferolateral part of the left ventricle was found in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clinical trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02684331.
The Effects of Nano-Curcumin as A Nutritional Strategy on Clinical and Inflammatory Factors in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Protocol Study and Review Article
Authors: Kianifar Hamid Reza , Talebi Saeedeh , Safarian Mahammad , Sayedi Seyed Javad , Jaafari Mahmod Reza , Shaye Zahra Abbasi , Ranjbar Golnaz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis(CF) is a genetic disorder, which is caused by the CFTR protein defects. Along with CFTR dysfunction, inflammation plays a key role in the disease outcomes. Inflammation may develop due to the internal dysfunction of the CFTR protein or external factors. Curcumin affects the CFTR protein function primarily as a corrector and potentiator and secondary as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. The present study aims to assess the impact of Nano-curcumin on clinical and inflammatory markers in children with CF.Methods: This prospective, double blind control trial will be conducted at Akbar Children's Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. children with CF will be enrolled based on the eligibility criteria. Placebo and curcumin with the maximum dose of 80 milligrams considering the body surface of the patients will be administrated for three months. The primary outcome is to evaluate inflammation based on serum interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and hs-CRP, stool calprotectin, and neutrophil count of nasopharyngeal swab. The secondary outcome involved clinical assessment via spirometry, anthropometrics, and quality of life. They will be assessed before and after three mounts.Discussion: Due to the multifarious effects of curcumin on CF disease, it can be used as a nutritional strategy in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20200705048018N1, Registered on 2020-07-10, https://en.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20200705048018N1
Ocular Syphilis with Optic Disc Neovascularization Treated with Bevacizumab Evaluated by OCT Angiography and Electroretinography
Authors: Miura Gen , Baba Takayuki , Takeishi Marie , Tatsumi Tomoaki , Yokouchi Hirotaka , Yamamoto Shuichi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present our findings in an atypical case of ocular syphilis with optic disc neovascularization that was treated with intravitreal bevacizumab and followed by multimodal imaging and electroretinography. A 29-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of night blindness of one-year duration. Our initial examination showed that an optic disc neovascularization was present, and the optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images showed a reduction in the length of the ellipsoid zone of both eyes. Fluorescein angiography showed leakage from the optic disc neovascular tissue, and the presence of nonperfused areas in the peripheral retina. Blood test was strongly positive for syphilis. He was administered oral amoxicillin and prednisolone. He was also treated with an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab which led to a rapid suppression of the neovascularization. However, panretinal photocoagulation had to be performed because OCT angiography and fluorescein angiography detected residual neovascularization. Although these treatments suppressed the activity of the ocular syphilis, electrophysiological improvements were not seen even one year after the initial treatment. OCT angiography and electroretinogram are useful techniques for monitoring the effectiveness of the treatments.
Comparison of qSOFA score, SOFA score, and SIRS criteria for the prediction of infection and mortality among surgical intermediate and intensive care patients
Authors: Koch Christian , Edinger Fabian , Fischer Tobias , Brenck Florian , Hecker Andreas , Katzer Christian , Markmann Melanie , Sander Michael , Schneck Emmanuel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background It is crucial to rapidly identify sepsis so that adequate treatment may be initiated. Accordingly, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and the quick SOFA (qSOFA) score are used to evaluate intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU patients, respectively. As demand for ICU beds rises, the intermediate care unit (IMCU) carries greater importance as a bridge between the ICU and the regular ward. This study aimed to examine the ability of SOFA and qSOFA scores to predict suspected infection and mortality in IMCU patients.Methods Retrospective data analysis included 13,780 surgical patients treated at the IMCU, ICU, or both between 01/01/2012 and 09/30/2018. Patients were screened for suspected infection (i.e., the commencement of broad-spectrum antibiotics) and then evaluated for the SOFA score, qSOFA score, and the 1992 defined systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria.Results Suspected infection was detected in 1,306 (18.3%) of IMCU, 1,365 (35.5%) of ICU, and 1,734 (62.0%) of IMCU/ICU encounters. Overall, 458 (3.3%) patients died (IMCU: 45 [0.6%]; ICU: 250 [6.5%]; IMCU/ICU: 163 [5.8%]). All investigated scores failed to predict suspected infection independently of the analyzed subgroup. Regarding mortality prediction, the qSOFA score performed sufficiently within the IMCU cohort (AUCROC SIRS: 0.72 [0.71-0.72]; SOFA: 0.52 [0.51-0.53]; qSOFA: 0.82 [0.79-0.84]), while the SOFA score was predictive in patients of the IMCU/ICU cohort (AUCROC SIRS 0.54 [0.53-0.54]; SOFA 0.73 [0.70-0.77]; qSOFA 0.59 [0.58-0.59]).Conclusions None of the assessed scores was sufficiently able to predict suspected infection in surgical ICU or IMCU patients. While the qSOFA score is appropriate for mortality prediction in IMCU patients, SOFA score prediction quality is increased in critically ill patients.
Potential Mechanism of Guizhi Decoction in Hypertension Treatment Based on Network Pharmacology and Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat Model
Authors: Chen Ji-ye , Zhang Yong-jian , Wang Yong-cheng , Zhou Guo-feng , Yang Jin-long , Ma Du-fang , Li Zhao-yu , Li Xiao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Guizhi decoction (GZD), a classical Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used to treat hypertension, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore its therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms in the treatment of hypertension using network pharmacology and experimental validation.Methods: The active ingredients and corresponding targets were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets related to hypertension were identified from multiple databases, and multiple networks were constructed to identify key compounds, hub targets, and main biological processes and pathways of GZD against hypertension. The Surflex-Dock software was used to validate the binding affinity between key targets and their corresponding active compounds. The Dahl salt-sensitive rat model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension. Results: A total of 112 active ingredients, 222 targets of GZD and 341 hypertension- related targets were obtained. Furthermore, 56 overlapping targets were identified, five of which were determined as the hub targets to perform experimental verification, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2), and MMP9. Pathway enrichment results indicated that 56 overlapping targets mainly enriched in several inflammation pathways such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that most active compounds of GZD showed tight binding ability with the key targets. Experimental results demonstrated that compared with the group fed a high-salt diet in this study, the GZD improved blood pressure, reduced the area of cardiac fibrosis, and inhibited the expression of IL6, CCL2, IL1β, MMP2 and MMP9 in rats.Conclusions: The potential mechanism of the therapeutic effect of GZD on hypertension may be attributed to the regulation of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.
Evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer treatment strategies in a region of China with low-risk for COVID-19
Authors: Yu Minhao , Cheng Yalin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose This study analyzed the morbidity and mortality associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluated treatment strategies for it in a low-risk area of COVID-19 in China. Materials and methods: We selected patients admitted to Sichuan Science City Hospital from September 2019 to February 2020 and divided them into experimental and control groups. The treatment strategy was evaluated by patients’ prognosis. Results: 9,010 patients were hospitalized. The total morbidity was 0.699%, of which 0.504% was observed in the control group and 0.991% in the experimental group (P=0.024). The total mortality was 0.999/103, of which 0.630/103 was observed in the control group and 1.413/103 in the experimental group (P=0.322). Therapy discontinuation and cancer progression in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.001, P=0.007). The treatment methods and prognosis were not significantly different for early-stage patients between the two groups. Late-stage patients in the experimental group experienced significantly lower percentages of non-surgical treatments (P＜0.001), higher percentages of discontinued therapies (P＜0.001), lower percentages for prognosis of wellness (P＜0.001), and higher percentages of cancer progression (P＜0.001) than the control group. Conclusion: NSCLC exhibited significantly higher morbidities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mortality in the experimental group was slightly higher than the control group, while the difference in cancer progression was significant. It is feasible to perform surgery for early-stage NSCLC patients, and treatment should not be suspended for late-stage patients in regions with low-risk for COVID-19 infection.
Boson-peak-like anomaly caused by transverse phonon softening in strain glass
Authors: Ren Shuai , Zong Hongxiang , Tao Xuefei , Sun Yonghao , Sun Bao An , Xue Dezhen , Ding Xiangdong , Wang Wei Hua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Strain glass is considered as a new glassy state with frozen ferroelastic/martensitic nanodomains in shape memory alloys, which exhibits many novel functionalities, yet its nature remains unclear. In this study, we reported a new dynamic relaxation behavior in strain glass that was thought to be only present in structural glasses. An abnormal hump was observed in strain glass around 10 K upon normalizing the specific heat (Cp) by cubed temperature, quite similar to the boson peak in metallic glass. The simulation studies showed that this boson-peak-like anomaly in Cp corresponds to excess low-frequency vibrational modes that stem from the transverse acoustic (TA) phonon softening of the non-transforming regions surrounding the nanodomains. The phonon softening takes place in the TA branches not associated with the martensitic transformation displacements. This work may provide a useful perspective for understanding the nature of glassy states and associated vibrational properties.
Profiling and analysis of chemical compounds&nbsp;using pointwise mutual information
Authors: Svozil Daniel , Čmelo Ivan , Voršilák Milan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pointwise mutual information (PMI) is a measure of association used in information theory. In this paper, PMI is used to characterize several publicly available databases (DrugBank, ChEMBL, PubChem and ZINC) in terms of association strength between compound structural features resulting in database PMI interrelation profiles. As structural features, substructure fragments obtained by coding individual compounds as MACCS, PubChemKey and ECFP fingerprints are used. The analysis of publicly available databases reveals, in accord with other studies, unusual properties of DrugBank compounds which further confirms the validity of PMI profiling approach. Z-standardized relative feature tightness (ZRFT), a PMI-derived measure that quantifies how well the given compound’s feature combinations fit these in a particular compound set, is applied for the analysis of compound synthetic accessibility (SA), as well as for the classification of compounds as easy (ES) and hard (HS) to synthesize. ZRFT value distributions are compared with these of SYBA and SAScore. The analysis of ZRFT values of structurally complex compounds in the SAVI database reveals oligopeptide structures that are mispredicted by SAScore as HS, while correctly predicted by ZRFT and SYBA as ES. Compared to SAScore, SYBA and random forest, ZRFT predictions are less accurate, though by a narrow margin (AccZRFT = 94.5%, AccSYBA = 98.8%, AccSAScore = 99.0%, AccRF = 97.3%). However, ZRFT ability to distinguish between ES and HS compounds is surprisingly high considering that while SYBA, SAScore and random forest are dedicated SA models, ZRFT is a generic measurement that merely quantifies the strength of interrelations between structural feature pairs. The results presented in the current work indicate that structural feature co-occurrence, quantified by PMI or ZRFT, contains a significant amount of information relevant to physico-chemical properties of organic compounds.
Global changes in oceanic mesoscale currents over the satellite altimetry record
Authors: Martinez-Moreno Josue , Hogg Andrew , England Matthew , Constantinou Navid C. , Kiss Andrew E. , Morrison Adele 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Oceanic eddies play a profound role in mixing tracers such as heat, carbon, and nutrients, thereby regulating regional and global climate. Yet, it remains unclear how global oceanic eddy kinetic energy has evolved over the past few decades. Furthermore, coupled climate model predictions generally fail to resolve oceanic mesoscale dynamics, which could limit their accuracy in simulating future climate change. Here we show a global statistically significant increase of the eddy activity using two independent observational datasets of mesoscale variability, one directly measuring currents and the other from sea surface temperature. Regions characterized by different dynamical processes show distinct evolution in the eddy field. For example, eddy-rich regions such as boundary current extensions and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current show a significant increase of 2% and 5% per decade in eddy activity, respectively. In contrast, most of the regions of observed decrease are found in the tropical oceans. Because eddies play a fundamental role in the ocean transport of heat, momentum, and carbon, our results have far-reaching implications for ocean circulation and climate, and the modelling platforms we use to study future climate change.
Engineering Escherichia Coli for the Utilization of Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Pandit Aditya Vikram , Harrison Emma , Mahadevan Radhakrishnan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: A considerable challenge in the development of bioprocesses for producing chemicals and fuels has been the high cost of feedstocks relative to oil prices, making it difficult for these processes to compete with their conventional petrochemical counterparts. Hence, in the absence of high oil prices in the near future, there has been a shift in the industry to produce higher value compounds such as fragrances for cosmetics. Yet, there is still a need to address climate change and develop biotechnological approaches for producing large market, lower value chemicals and fuels.Results: In this work, we study ethylene glycol (EG), a novel feedstock that we believe has promise to address this challenge. We engineer Escherichia coli (E. coli) to consume EG and as a case study for chemical production, examine glycolate production. The best fermentation performance led to the production of 10.4 g/L of glycolate after 112 hours of production time in a fed-batch bioreactor. Our results clearly suggest that oxygen concentration is an important factor in the assimilation and use of EG as a substrate. We also find that the uptake rates for EG are sufficient to satisfy commercial benchmarks for productivity and yield. Finally, our use of metabolic modeling sheds light on the intracellular distribution through central metabolism implicating flux to 2-phosphoglycerate as the primary route for EG assimilation.Conclusion: Overall, our work suggests that EG could provide a renewable starting material for commercial biosynthesis of fuels and chemicals that may achieve economic parity with petrochemical feedstocks while sequestering carbon dioxide.
Prognostic Autophagy-Related Genes of Gastric Cancer Patients on Chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Ma Zhen , Yu Yang , Paul Maswikiti Ewetse , Ma YanLin , Bai YuPing , Li XueMei , Gu BaoHong , Qi WenBo , Chen Hao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background, Chemotherapy resistance based on the use of fluorouracil and cisplatin is one of the most encountered clinical problems resulting from post operation and gives rise to poor prognosis in patients diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC). Methods , this study aims to combine autophagy-related genes (ATGs) to provide an investigation of the susceptibility of victims with gastric malignancy to postoperative chemotherapy. Based on the TCGA database, gene expression data for GC patients undergoing and are using chemotherapy were integrated and analyzed. Prognostic genes were screened based on univariate and various analysis regression models. Subjects were divided into those with high and low-risk groups. This was analyzed by the utilization of the median risk score approach. The product limit estimator method had to be used to evaluate the OS and DFS. The accuracy of the prediction was resolved by the subject curve analysis. In addition, the carrying out of proper analysis was done in our work for some detailed assessments. The differential expression of ATGs is mainly related to chemotherapy resistance. Results, a total of 9 ATGs of chemotherapy administration outcomes in these suffers were screened. Based on GEO and TCGA databases, the model accurately predicted DFS and OS after chemotherapy administration. Conclusions, this study established prognostic markers based on 9 genes, which can predict ATGs related to chemotherapy susceptibility of GC patients, and provide better individualized treatment regimens for clinical practice.
Rare Metastases in Colorectum of Infiltrating Ductal Breast Cancer: A Rare Case Report and Review
Authors: Zhang Zhijun , Li Tao , Li Yuemin , Li Dongxu , Zhang Kai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast ductal carcinoma hardly metastasizes to colorectum and the effect of surgery is controversial. We treated one case of patients with breast ductal carcinoma metastasizes to colorectum with surgery and discussed current management experience of breast cancer metastasizing to colorectum by reviewing the literature. Case Presentation: A 37-year-old woman underwent a modified radical mastectomy three years ago for right breast cancer and developed left breast cancer with right breast cancer suspiciously metastasizing to colorectum, left ovary along with oviduct, pancreas, and left acetabulum according to positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Then she had chosen to give up further therapy but was admitted to our department complaining of shapeless feces and mucus pus and blood in stool for 2 years with the process of aggravating symptoms for recent 2 months. Colonoscopy revealed the existence of colorectal carcinoma. She received laparoscopic combined abdominal perineal resection and bilateral ovarian salpingectomy. Postoperative pathology as well as immunohistochemistry supported the origin of primary breast infiltrating ductal cancer. She remained tamoxifen therapy and was alive until she was lost to follow-up.Conclusions: Clinicians must pay attention to any gastro-intestinal symptoms of patients with a medical history of breast cancer since the incipient symptoms of breast cancer metastasis to colorectum are insidious. Definite diagnosis may be difficult even by endoscopy. Surgery should be considered as a therapeutic option and definite diagnostic means combined with immunohistochemistry.
Prognostic role of PHYH for Overall Survival (OS) in clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC)
Authors: Qiu Zhengqi , Zezhi Guo , Lei Jiang , He Qiu , Jinyao Pan , Ying Ao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study attempts to evaluate the prognostic role of PHYH for overall survival (OS) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) by means of publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Clinical pathologic features and PHYH expression were downloaded from the TCGA database and relationships between them were analysed by Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and gene-gene interactions were also performed between tissues with different PHYH expression levels. PHYH expression levels were significantly lower in patient with ccRCC compared with normal tissues (p = 1.156e-19). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expression of PHYH had a better prognosis than low expression (p = 9e-05). Moreover, PHYH expression was also significantly associated with high grade (G2-4, p=0.025), high stage (StageIII & IV, p=5.604e-05), High level of stage_T (T3-4, p=4.373e-05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that PHYH could be acted as an independent prognostic factor (p<0.05). Nomogram including Clinical pathologic features and PHYH expression were also provided. GSEA revealed that butanoate metabolism, histidine metabolism, propanoate metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, PPAR signalling pathway and Renin angiotensin system were differentially enriched in PHYH high expression phenotype. ICGC database was utilized to verify the expression level and survival benefit of PHYH (both p<0.05). We suspect that Elevated PHYH expression may be served as a potential prognostic molecular marker of better survival in ccRCC. Besides, alpha-oxidation was closely regulated by PHYH, and PPAR signalling, pyruvate metabolism, butanoate metabolism and RAS might be the key pathways regulated by PHYH in CCRC.