bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of feature autophagy-related genes in patients with acute myocardial infarction based on bioinformatics analyses
Authors: Du Yajuan , Zhao Enfa , Zhang Yushun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To identify feature autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and further investigate their value in the diagnosis of AMI.
Methods: Gene microarray expression data of AMI peripheral blood samples were downloaded from the GSE66360 dataset. The data were randomly classified into a discovery cohort (21 AMI patients and 22 healthy controls) and a validation cohort (28 AMI patients and 28 healthy controls). Differentially expressed ARGs between patients with AMI and healthy controls in the discovery cohort were identified using a statistical software package. Feature ARGs were screened based on support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and an SVM classifier was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to investigate the predictive value of the classifier, which was further verified in an independent external cohort.
Results: A total of seven genes were identified based on SVM-RFE. The SVM classifier had an excellent discrimination ability in both the discovery cohort (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.968) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.992), which was further confirmed in the GSE48060 dataset (AUC = 0.963). Furthermore, the SVM classifier showed outstanding discrimination between AMI patients with and without recurrent events in the independent external cohort (AUC = 0.992). The identified genes are mainly involved in the cellular response to autophagy, macroautophagy, apoptosis, and the FoxO signaling pathway.
Conclusion: Our study identified feature ARGs and indicated their potential roles in AMI diagnosis to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the occurrence of AMI.
The Risk of Penetration–Aspiration Related to Residue in the Pharynx
Authors: Steele Catriona M. , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Barrett Emily , Wolkin Talia S. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeReference data from healthy adults under the age of 60 years suggest that the 75th and 95th percentiles for pharyngeal residue on swallows of thin liquids are 1% and 3%(C2-4)2, respectively. We explored how pharyngeal residue below versus above these values prior to a swallow predicts penetration–aspiration.MethodThe study involved retrospective analysis of a previous research data set from 305 adults at risk for dysphagia. Participants swallowed six thin boluses and three each of mildly, moderately, and extremely thick barium in videofluoroscopy. Raters measured preswallow residue in %(C2-4)2units and Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores for each swallow. Swallows were classified as (a) “clean baseline” (with no preswallow residue), (b) “clearing” swallows of residue with no new material added, or (c) swallows of “additional material” plus preswallow residue. Frequencies of PAS scores of ≥ 3 were compared across swallow type by consistency according to residue severity (i.e., ≤ vs. > 1%(C2-4)2and ≤ vs. > 3%(C2-4)2.ResultsThe data set comprised 2,541 clean baseline, 209 clearing, and 1,722 swallows of additional material. On clean baseline swallows, frequencies of PAS scores of ≥ 3 were 5% for thin and mildly thick liquids and 1% for moderately/extremely thick liquids. Compared to clean baseline swallows, the odds of penetration–aspiration on thin liquids increased 4.60-fold above the 1% threshold and 4.20-fold above the 3% threshold (mildly thick: 2.11-fold > 1%(C2-4)2, 2.26-fold > 3%(C2-4)2). PAS scores of ≥ 3 did not occur with clearing swallows of moderately/extremely thick liquids. Lower frequencies of above-threshold preswallow residue were seen for swallows of additional material than for clearing swallows. Compared to clean baseline swallows, the odds of PAS scores of ≥ 3 on swallows of additional material increased ≥ 1.86-fold above the 1% threshold and ≥ 2.15-fold above the 3% threshold, depending on consistency.ConclusionThe data suggest that a pharyngeal residue threshold of 1%(C2-4)2is a meaningful cut-point for delineating increased risk of penetration–aspiration on a subsequent swallow.
An underlying clock in the extreme flip-flop state transitions of the black hole transient Swift J1658.2-4242
Authors: Bogensberger D. , Ponti G. , Jin C. , Belloni T. M. , Pan H. , Nandra K. , Russell T. D. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Muñoz-Darias T. , Vynatheya P. , Vincentelli F. 
Published: June 2020

Aims. Flip-flops are top-hat-like X-ray flux variations, which have been observed in some transient accreting black hole binary systems, and feature simultaneous changes in the spectral hardness and the power density spectrum (PDS). They occur at a crucial time in the evolution of these systems, when the accretion disc emission starts to dominate over coronal emission. Flip-flops remain a poorly understood phenomenon, so we aim to thoroughly investigate them in a system featuring several such transitions.
Methods. Within the multitude of observations of Swift J1658.2-4242 during its outburst in early 2018, we detected 15 flip-flops, enabling a detailed analysis of their individual properties and the differences between them. We present observations by XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, Astrosat, Swift, Insight-HXMT, INTEGRAL, and ATCA. We analysed their light curves, searched for periodicities, computed their PDSs, and fitted their X-ray spectra, to investigate the source behaviour during flip-flop transitions and how the interval featuring flip-flops differs from the rest of the outburst.
Results. The flip-flops of Swift J1658.2-4242 are of an extreme variety, exhibiting flux differences of up to 77% within ∼100 s, which is much larger than what has been seen previously. We observed radical changes in the PDS simultaneous with the sharp flux variations, featuring transitions between the quasi-periodic oscillation types C and A, which have never been observed before. Changes in the PDS are delayed, but more rapid than changes in the light curve. Flip-flops occur in two intervals within the outburst, separated by about two weeks in which these phenomena were not seen. Transitions between the two flip-flop states occurred at random integer multiples of a fundamental period of 2.761 ks in the first interval and 2.61 ks in the second. Spectral analysis reveals the high and low flux flip-flop states to be very similar, but distinct from intervals lacking flip-flops. A change of the inner temperature of the accretion disc is responsible for most of the flux difference in the flip-flops. We also highlight the importance of correcting for the influence of the dust scattering halo on the X-ray spectra.
The Fornax Deep Survey with VST
Authors: Raj M. A. , Iodice E. , Napolitano N. R. , Hilker M. , Spavone M. , Peletier R. F. , Su H-S. , Falcón-Barroso J. , van de Ven G. , Cantiello M. , Kleiner D. , Venhola A. , Mieske S. , Paolillo M. , Capaccioli M. , Schipani P. 
Published: June 2020

Context. We present the study of the south-west group in the Fornax cluster centred on the brightest group galaxy (BGG) Fornax A, which was observed as part of the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS). This includes the analysis of the bright group members (mB < 16 mag) and the intra-group light (IGL).
Aims. The main objective of this work is to investigate the assembly history of the Fornax A group and to compare its physical quantities as a function of the environment to that of the Fornax cluster core.
Methods. For all galaxies, we extracted the azimuthally averaged surface brightness profiles in three optical bands (g, r, i) by modelling the galaxy’s isophotes. We derived their colour (g − i) profiles, total magnitude, effective radius in all respective bands, stellar mass, and the break radius in the r-band. The long integration time and large covered area of the FDS allowed us to also estimate the amount of IGL.
Results. The majority of galaxies in the Fornax A group are late-type galaxies (LTGs), spanning a range of stellar mass of 8 < log(M* M⊙) < 10.5. Six out of nine LTGs show a Type III (up-bending) break in their light profiles, which is either suggestive of strangulation halting star formation in their outskirts or their H I-richness causing enhanced star formation in their outer-discs. Overall, we do not find any correlations between their physical properties and their group-centric distance. The estimated luminosity of the IGL is 6 ± 2 × 1010 L⊙ in the g-band, which corresponds to about 16% of the total light in the group.
Conclusions. The Fornax A group appears to be in an early-stage of assembly with respect to the cluster core. The environment of the Fornax A group is not as dense as that of the cluster core, with all galaxies except the BGG showing similar morphology, comparable colours and stellar masses, and Type III disc-breaks, without any clear trend in these properties with group-centric distances. The low amount of IGL is also consistent with this picture, since there were no significant gravitational interactions between galaxies that modified the galaxies’ structure and contributed to the build-up of the IGL. The main contribution to the IGL is from the minor merging in the outskirts of the BGG NGC 1316 and, probably, the disrupted dwarf galaxies close to the group centre.
Concurrent Exercise Interventions in Breast Cancer Survivors with
Cancer-related Fatigue
Authors: Pagola Itiziar , Morales Javier S. , Alejo Lidia B. , Barcelo Olga , Montil Marta , Oliván Jesús , Álvarez-Bustos Alejandro , Cantos Blanca , Maximiano Constanza , Hidalgo Francisco , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Fiuza-Luces Carmen , Lucia Alejandro , Ruiz-Casado Ana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study compared the effects of two supervised concurrent training
interventions in breast cancer survivors with cancer-related fatigue at
baseline. Twenty-three female breast cancer survivors (50±8 years) were
randomized to a high- (n=13) or a moderate-intensity (n=10)
training program. Both interventions lasted 16 weeks and included the same
resistance exercises, but the aerobic component was supervised and more intense
in the former (i.e., rating of perceived exertion of 7–8 vs. 6 on a
1–10 scale for the high and moderate-intensity intervention,
respectively). The primary endpoint was fatigue perception. Endpoints were
assessed at baseline and after 16 weeks. The p-value for statistical
significance was set at 0.004 after Bonferroni correction for multiple
comparisons. The high-intensity training program increased lower-limb muscle
strength significantly (p=0.002) and tended to improve fatigue
perception (p=0.006), waist circumference (p=0.013),
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.028) and some quality of life items
(p=0.011). Although the moderate-intensity training program did not
provide such benefits in general (i.e., higher p-values for pre vs
post-intervention comparisons), no significant differences were found between
interventions (all p>0.004). Further research is needed to elucidate if
the benefits provided by high-intensity concurrent training are superior to
those elicited by moderate-intensity training in breast cancer survivors.
Der künstlich intelligente Operationssaal
Authors: Kranzfelder Michael , Ostler Daniel , Fuchtmann Jonas , Friess Helmut , Feussner Hubertus , Vogel Thomas 
Published: June 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDem Operationssaal fällt eine Schlüsselrolle bei der digitalen Entwicklung in der Chirurgie zu. Unter dem Schlagwort „digitaler OP“ ist dabei nicht die zunehmende Technisierung des OP-Equipments zu verstehen, sondern die Entwicklung einer verstehenden und den Chirurgen aktiv unterstützenden OP-Umgebung. Durch den Einsatz von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) ist der OP in der Lage, OP-Abläufe zu verstehen und das OP-Team durch „Mitdenken“ zu unterstützen.Die Entwicklung des künstlich intelligenten Operationssaals erfordert 2 Voraussetzungen. Zum einen sollten (möglichst) alle technischen Geräte und Systemeinheiten, die in den operativen Workflow eingebunden sind, mit- und untereinander integriert bzw. vernetzt werden (Sensor-Operationssaal). Zum anderen muss der Ablauf des Eingriffs so abgebildet und die Operation so durchgeführt werden, dass eine computerisierte Beschreibung und Analyse des Eingriffs ermöglicht wird (Modellierung).Der Operationsablauf kann dann computerbasiert in Echtzeit abgebildet und die jeweilige OP-Phase automatisiert erkannt werden. Hierdurch ist es möglich, Vorhersagen über den weiteren OP-Verlauf zu treffen (Prädiktion) und das OP-Team (z. B. im Falle einer drohenden Komplikation) kooperativ zu unterstützen.
Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Combined Exercise and Sauna
Authors: Rissanen Joonas Antero , Häkkinen Keijo , Laukkanen Jari Antero , Häkkinen Arja 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study investigated acute hemodynamic, plasma volume and immunological responses to four loading protocols: sauna only, and sauna after endurance, strength or combined endurance and strength exercise. Twenty-seven healthy, slightly prehypertensive men (age 32.7±6.9 years) were measured at PRE, MID (after exercise), POST, POST30min and POST24h. The measurements consisted systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, white blood cells and plasma volume measurements. Endurance+sauna showed significant decreases in systolic blood pressure at POST (–8.9 mmHg), POST30min (–11.0 mmHg) and POST24h (–4.6 mmHg). At POST30min, significant decreases were also observed in sauna (–4.3 mmHg) and combined+sauna (–7.5 mmHg). Diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly from -5.4 to –3.9 mmHg at POST in all loadings. Plasma volume decreased significantly at MID in all exercise loadings and at POST in endurance+sauna and strength+sauna. Plasma volume increased significantly (p < 0.01) in endurance+sauna and combined+sauna at POST24h. White blood cells increased following all exercise+sauna loadings at MID, POST and POST30min, whereas high sensitive C-reactive protein showed no changes at any measurement point. The combination of endurance exercise and sauna showed the greatest positive effects on blood pressure. Both loadings including endurance exercise increased plasma volume on the next day.
Polymerization Shrinkage and Degree of Conversion of New Zirconia-Reinforced Rice Husk Nanohybrid Composite
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Abdul Ghani Nik Rozainah Nik , Ismail Noor Huda , Singbal Kiran Prabhakar , Yusuff Noraida Mamat Mohd 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to compare the polymerization shrinkage and degree of conversion of new zirconia-reinforced rice husk nanohybrid composite with commercialized microhybrid and nanofilled composites.
Materials and Methods Overall, 180 samples were used for polymerization shrinkage (buoyancy and optical methods) and degree of conversion tests in which they were divided into Group 1, nanofilled composite (Filtek-Z350- XT; 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN 55144-1000, USA), Group 2, microhybrid composite (Zmack-Comp), and Group 3, nanohybrid composite (Zr-Hybrid). Polymerization shrinkage test was performed using buoyancy and optical methods. For buoyancy method, samples were weighed in air and water to calculate the shrinkage value, whereas, for optical method, images of nonpolymerized samples were captured under a digital microscope and recaptured again after light-cured to calculate the percentage of shrinkage. Degree of conversion was tested using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectrometer.
Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance complemented by post hoc Dunnett’s T3 test for polymerization shrinkage and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test for degree of conversion. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results Group 3 demonstrated similar polymerization shrinkage with Group 1, but lower shrinkage (p < 0.05) than Group 2 based on buoyancy method. However, optical method (p < 0.05) showed that Group 3 had the lowest shrinkage, followed by Group 1 and lastly Group 2. Besides, Group 3 showed a significantly higher degree of conversion (p < 0.05) than Group 1 and comparable conversion value with Group 2.
Conclusions Zirconia-reinforced rice husk nanohybrid composite showed excellent shrinkage and conversion values, hence can be considered as an alternative to commercially available composite resins.
Redefining realness
Authors: Turton Stephen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper furthers the goal of “queering lexicography” (Nossem 2018) by proposing a theoretical approach to analysing dictionary definitions that replaces the traditional descriptive/prescriptive binary with a model of normativity influenced by performativity theory. This is demonstrated by a critical discourse analysis of how entries forlesbian, gay, andhomosexualin four contemporary English dictionaries tacitly positionhomosexualas a neutral term against whichlesbianandgayare sociolinguistically marked. The paper also stresses the need for researchers not only to analyse how normativity is embedded in dictionaries, but to recognize the extent to which lay dictionary-users are already aware of the normative potential of lexicography, whether they embrace it or condemn it. This is explored through an incident in whichMerriam-Webster’saddition of the wordgenderqueerto its online dictionary in 2016 became the subject of public scrutiny and contestation on social media.
Sensitivity analysis of effective transverse shear viscoelastic and diffusional properties of myelinated white matter
Authors: Sullivan Daniel J , Wu Xuehai , Gallo Nicolas R , Naughton Noel M , Georgiadis John G , Pelegri Assimina A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Motivated by the need to interpret the results from a combined use of in vivo brain Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), we developed a computational framework to study the sensitivity of single-frequency MRE and DTI metrics to white matter microstructure and cell-level mechanical and diffusional properties. White matter was modeled as a triphasic unidirectional composite, consisting of parallel cylindrical inclusions (axons) surrounded by sheaths (myelin), and embedded in a matrix (glial cells plus extracellular matrix). Only 2D mechanics and diffusion in the transverse plane (perpendicular to the axon direction) was considered, and homogenized (effective) properties were derived for a periodic domain containing a single axon. The numerical solutions of the MRE problem were performed with ABAQUS and by employing a sophisticated boundary-conforming grid generation scheme. Based on the linear viscoelastic response to harmonic shear excitation and steady-state diffusion in the transverse plane, a systematic sensitivity analysis of MRE metrics (effective transverse shear storage and loss moduli) and DTI metric (effective radial diffusivity) was performed for a wide range of microstructural and intrinsic (phase-based) physical properties. The microstructural properties considered were fiber volume fraction, and the myelin sheath/axon diameter ratio. The MRE and DTI metrics are very sensitive to the fiber volume fraction, and the intrinsic viscoelastic moduli of the glial phase. The MRE metrics are nonlinear functions of the fiber volume fraction, but the effective diffusion coefficient varies linearly with it. Finally, the transverse metrics of both MRE and DTI are insensitive to the axon diameter in steady state. Our results are consistent with the limited anisotropic MRE and co-registered DTI measurements, mainly in the corpus callosum, available in the literature. We conclude that isotropic MRE and DTI constitutive models are good approximations for myelinated white matter in the transverse plane. The unidirectional composite model presented here is used for the first time to model harmonic shear stress under MRE-relevant frequency on the cell level. This model can be extended to 3D in order to inform the solution of the inverse problem in MRE, establish the biological basis of MRE metrics, and integrate MRE/DTI with other modalities towards increasing the specificity of neuroimaging.
The role of plasma kinetics in the process of THz pulses generation and amplification
Authors: Bogatskaya A V , Gnezdovskaia N E , Volkova E A , Popov A M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the process of generation and amplification of short THz pulses taking into account kinetic properties of plasma formed in the process of tunnel ionization by the two-color laser femtosecond pulse, namely velocity distribution of plasma electrons. Analytical and numerical solutions of the dispersive equation for longitudinal oscillations show that the accounting of plasma kinetics can lead to essential variation of the spectral characteristics of a generated pulse thus leading to a change in signal duration. Subsequent additional amplification of the formed seed THz pulse during the propagation through the nonequilibrium Xe plasma channel formed by an intense femtosecond KrF laser pulse is analyzed.
Imaging the flow of holes from a collimating contact in graphene
Authors: Bhandari Sagar , Kreidel Mary , Kelser Alexander , Lee Gil-Ho , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Kim Philip , Westervelt Robert M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A beam of holes formed in graphene by a collimating contact is imaged using a liquid-He cooled scanning probe microscope (SPM). The mean free path of holes is greater than the device dimensions. A zigzag shaped pattern on both sides of the collimating contact absorbs holes that enter at large angles. The image charge beneath the SPM tip defects holes, and the pattern of flow is imaged by displaying the change in conductance between contacts on opposite sides, as the tip is raster scanned across the sample. Collimation is confirmed by bending hole trajectories away from the receiving contact with an applied magnetic field. The SPM images agree well with ray-tracing simulations.
Luminescence properties of nano and bulk ZnWO4: Eu3+ phosphors for solid state lighting applications
Authors: Chatterjee Rituparna , Chandra Das Gopes , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rare earth Eu3+ doped ZnWO4 bulk and nanophosphors were synthesized using solid state and hydrothermal reaction methods. Structural, morphological and microstructural characterizations of the as prepared phosphors were done by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). Their optical properties such as photoluminescence (PL) emission, thermal quenching and lifetime decay were investigated at 394 nm near UV excitation with respect to dimension which shows better outcome for the nanophosphor than the bulk one. The nanophosphors display homogeneous particles with much smaller dimension compared to the bulk phosphors which in turn intensifies the red emission and also increases the thermal stability.