bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Workplace Violence on Depression among Medical Staffs in China: The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Trust
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Zhang Yuxia , Sun Long 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Workplace violence has been recognized globally as a serious occupational hazard in health services occupations, and existing studies have identified that workplace violence can significantly lead to depression. Interpersonal trust, an important topic, also has been proved associated with workplace violence and depression. However, the moderating effect of interpersonal trust has not been tested before, which can help us to further understand the effect mechanism of workplace violence on depression. Method: In the current study, we collected 3,426 valid questionnaires based on a cross-sectional design among medical staff in Chinese hospitals. Depression, workplace violence, interpersonal trust, social support, physical diseases, and some other social-demographic variables were evaluated. Results: The data analyzed in the current study supported that there were 52.2% of medical staff experienced workplace violence before. Experiencing verbal violence (b=2.99, p<0.001), experiencing physical violence (b=3.70, p<0.01), experiencing both kinds of the violence (b=4.84, p<0.001), high level of interpersonal trust (b=0.22, p<0.001), nursing (b=1.10, p<0.05), manager (b=-1.72, p<0.001), suffering physical disease (b=3.35, p<0.001), social support (b=-0.23, p<0.001) were significantly associated with depression. Interpersonal trust had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between workplace violence and depression. Conclusion: Interpersonal trust can be a mediator between workplace violence and depression. Some potential strategies would be beneficial to promoting the mental health status among medical staff.
Parenteral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid on the prognosis of sepsis: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Youlian , Chen HuaiSheng , Liu XunFa , Jiang YiChun , Ma YongHui , Liu XueYan , Tang XueMing , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives The role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of sepsis is always on paradox. we tried to retrieve and download the patients’ data in a certain period through the hospital information system, used data sorting so as to screen out the patients with sepsis so as to find out the role of omega-3 fatty acids in sepsis. Methods Through the hospital information system, retrieve and include the patients who were admitted to the Department of critical medicine of Shenzhen People's Hospital from December 2016 to June 2019, screen out patients diagnosed with sepsis according to a certain criterion. The patients were grouped by whether they were applicated with omega-3 fatty acid or not. Results A total of 1733 cases included into analysis, among of whom 303 cases were applicated with omega-3 fatty acid. The amounts and baseline conditions between both groups were imbalance. Severity of omega-3 fatty acid group was higher than that of control group. Chi-square test found that the mortality rate of omega-3 fatty acid was higher than that of control group (p < 0.0001). But age, gender, whether there is abdominal infection, whether there is septicemia, shock, the need for mechanical ventilation, and the need for renal replacement therapy may all affect the prognosis of the patients. If these factors were used as covariates, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the treatment group and the control group (P = 0.574). Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of treatment group was higher than that of the control group when at the end of total treatment duration (P = 0.035). Conclusion For patients with more severe sepsis, doctors are more likely to use omega-3 fatty acids in the early stage. Omega-3 fatty acids may improve the long-term prognosis of sepsis, but the conclusion still needs to be accepted carefully.
The changes of thyroid hormone in euthyroid patients with diabetes
Authors: Qin Ken , Zhang Fan , Wu Qinqin , Liu Zhenrong , Huang Yan , Tan Jing , Zhou Yiling , An Zhenmei , Li Shuangqing , Li Sheyu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Thyroid dysfunction is suggested to be associated with diabetes, but it is not clear if the thyroid hormone levels are associated with diabetes in euthyroid adults. Objective To investigate the association between thyroid hormone levels and diabetes in euthyroid adults. Methods Among the euthyroid adults who underwent health examination in West China Hospital, Sichuan University in 2016, patients with diabetes were identified according to the medical history, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. Age and sex matched controls were identified from the population. The patients with diabetes group was further divided into two subgroups: patients with newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD) and with previously diagnosed diabetes (PDD). Independent t-test and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the difference on the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and the ratio of FT4/FT3 between groups. Results We included 32,557 participants, 2,271 with diabetes and 1,187 NDD. Compared to the patients without diabetes, the odds ratios (ORs) per one unit of TSH, FT4, FT4/FT3 ratio and FT3 in patients with diabetes were 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82-0.95], 1.11 (95% CI: 1.08-1.14), 2.05 (95%CI: 1.81-2.32) and 0.85 (95%CI: 0.78-0.93), respectively. Compared to NDD group, the ORs per one unit of TSH, FT4, FT4/FT3 ratio and FT3 of the PDD group were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.71-0.92), 1.08 (95%CI: 1.04-1.12), 1.76 (95%CI: 1.49-2.08) and 1.01 (95%CI: 0.92-1.12), respectively. Conclusion In euthyroid adults, diabetes and its duration were significantly associated with thyroid hormone turnover. Patients with a previously diagnosed diabetes may be more likely to present elevated FT4/FT3 ratio, indicating an adaptive change of thyroid gland.
Integrating the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV after AIDS denialism in South Africa: Perspectives of experts and health care workers - A qualitative study
Authors: MUTABAZI Jean Claude , Gray Corie , Muhwava Lorrein , Trottier Helen , Ware Lisa Jayne , Norris Shane , Murphy Katherine , Levitt Naomi , Zarowsky Christina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Integrating vertical programmes into routine health services under complex socio-political and health system conditions is a priority and a challenge. The successful rollout of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission programmes (PMTCT) in sub-Saharan Africa has decreased Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), reduced child mortality and improved maternal health. In South Africa, PMTCT is now integrated into existing health services and this experience could serve as a relevant example for integrating other programmes into comprehensive primary care. We explored the perspectives of both experts and frontline health workers (FHCWs) in South Africa on PMTCT integration into primary health care (PHC) in the context of post-AIDS denialism using a Complex Adaptive Systems framework. Methods We conducted a total of 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews; 10 with experts (PMTCT and health system experts, policymakers, researchers and activists) and 10 with FHCWs including clinic managers, nurses and midwives. All interviews were conducted in person, audio-recorded and transcribed. Three investigators collaborated in coding transcripts and used an iterative approach for thematic analysis. Results Experts and FHCWs agreed on the importance of integrated PMTCT services. Experts reported a slow and partial integration of PMTCT programs into PHC following its initial rollout as a stand-alone program in the aftermath of the AIDS denialism period. Experts and FHCWs diverged on the challenges associated with integration of PMTCT. Experts highlighted bureaucracy, HIV stigma and discrimination and a shortage of training for staff as major barriers to PMTCT integration. In comparison, FHCWs emphasized high workloads, staff turnover and infrastructure issues (such as lack of rooms, small spaces, etc.) as their main challenges to integration. Both experts and FHCWs suggested that working with community health workers, particularly in the post-partum period, helped to address cases of loss to follow-up of women and their babies and to improve linkages to protein-chain reaction (PCR) testing and immunisation. Conclusions Despite organised efforts in South Africa, experts and FHCWs reported multiple barriers for the full integration of PMTCT programmes in PHC, especially postpartum. Our results suggest opportunities to address operational challenges towards more integrated PMTCT and other health services in order to improve maternal and child health.
A comparative evaluation of different NeuroMyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder sets criteria
Authors: Papeix Caroline , Beigneux Ysoline , Maillart Elisabeth , de Seze Jérôme , Lubetzki Catherine , Vukusic Sandra , Collongues Nicolas , Marignier Romain 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Three different sets of criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).

OBJECTIVE

To compare the specificity, sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of the three different sets of NMOSD criteria, in patients presenting with inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system suggestive of NMOSD.

Methods

From 236 suspected NMOSD referred for serum AQP4-IgG testing between 2012 and 2014, the three sets of NMOSD criteria (1999, 2006 NMO criteria and 2015 International Panel for NMO Diagnosis criteria) were applied and compared to the final diagnosis.

Results

Seventy-six patients fulfilled at least one set of criteria and 28 patients fulfilled all NMOSD set of criteria. The final diagnosis was NMOSD in 66 cases, MS according to the MacDonald 2010 in 85 cases and another diagnosis in 85 cases. 2006 NMO criteria has the highest specificity (99%) and 2015 IPND NMOSD criteria, the highest sensitivity (97%). For the 1999, 2006 and 2015 IPND NMOSD criteria, the accuracy was respectively 82%, 87% and 97%.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the limitations of the first set of criteria, that include optico-spinal form of MS. The accuracy of NMO/SD diagnostic criteria improved from 1999 to 2015. It confirms the increased performance of the last set of criteria which covers a larger spectrum of clinical presentation. This study raises some the concern to classify patients with seronegative transverse myelitis or optic neuritis, and MOG-antibody associated disease.
Dynamic curve analysis of indicators related to lumbar cistern drainage for postoperative meningitis
Authors: Ma Weining , Li Chun , Cong Lin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Lumbar cisterna drainage (LCD) is widely used in neurosurgery as an effective treatment for postoperative meningitis, vasospasm of subarachnoid hemorrhage and ventricular system hemorrhage, and for reducing intracranial pressure in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma. The purpose of this work was two-fold: to analyze the dynamic curve of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) related indices in cases of postoperative meningitis after selective craniotomy and to provide reference data for the clinical treatment with LCD.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of LCD placement in patients who underwent either supratentorial craniotomy (n=23) or subtentorial craniotomy (m=28). Primary outcomes measured included pre-intervention and post-intervention dynamic changes of body temperature, and CSF biochemical parameters (white blood cell (WBC) count, polykaryocyte percentage, protein, glucose and chloride) over the course of 13 days of catheter placement. We also assessed the bivariate correlation between WBC count changes, polykaryocyte percentage, body temperature and daily CSF drainage volume. Finally, we analyzed the effect of average daily drainage volume, antibiotic choice, and surgical site on the WBC count change curves.

Results

After LCD, a trend of increased WBC count was observed on the first day of drainage, followed by an overall decrease in WBC count. There was a statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) difference between the WBC count before drainage and the WBC count on the fourth day of drainage. Polykaryocyte percentage decreased initially and then increased progressively each day after drainage. There was a negative correlation between the change curve of the WBC count and the curve of daily drainage volume (r = -0.56). When the daily drainage volume was 250-300 ml/d, the change curve pattern of the WBC count was consistent with the overall trend of the WBC count, and there was no significant difference in the curve of the WBC count between different surgical sites ( P > 0.05 ).

Conclusions

LCD is an effective method for the treatment of postoperative meningitis. The WBC count can decrease significantly by the fourth day after drainage, and placement of the LCD for six to seven days is ideal. An average drainage volume of 250-300 ml/d is safe and effective.
Intervening the up-regulated SLC7A5 could mitigate the inflammatory mediator by mTOR-P70S6K signal in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes.
Authors: Xu Jing , Jiang Congshan , Cai Yongsong , Guo Yuanxu , Wang Xipeng , Zhang Jiaxiang , Xu Jiawen , Xu Ke , Zhu Wenhua , Wang Si , Zhang Fujun , Geng Manman , Han Yan , Ning Qilan , Xu Peng , Meng Liesu , Lu Shemin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective The increased bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of sustained inflammation and changes to nutrient and oxygen availability are found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to observe the effects of SLC7A5 (amino acid transporter) on synoviocytes of RA patients and pinpoint the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Synovial tissues were collected from OA and RA patients. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated from synovial tissues from RA patients. SLC7A5 expression was evaluated by using RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression was evaluated by using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RNAi and antibody blocking treatments were used to knockdown the expression of SLC7A5 or block its transporting function. Results The SLC7A5 expression was significantly upregulated in the FLS from RA patients compared with that in FLS from OA patients. Cytokine IL-1β played a crucial role in up-regulating SLC7A5 expression via NF-κB pathway in FLS. Intervening SLC7A5 expression with RNAi or blocking SLC7A5 function by monoclonal antibody could ameliorate the MMP3 and MMP13 protein expression. Furthermore, up regulation of SLC7A5 enhanced mTOR-P70SK6 signaling activation which could promote the protein translation of MMP3 and MMP13 in RA FLS. Conclusion SLC7A5 up-regulation could be induced by activated NF-κB pathway, further resulted in an enhanced mTOR-P70S6K activity and the protein expression of MMP3 and MMP13 in FLS from RA patients.
Twelve-month complications, continuation and failure rate of CuT380A when used for immediate postpartum contraception in Tanzania: A cohort study
Authors: Rwegoshora France John , Muganyizi Projestine Selestine , Kimario Grasiana Festus , Paul Ponsian Patrick , Makins Anita 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Less than 1% of married women in Tanzania use an Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUD) for the purpose of contraception. An initiative by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) has been on since 2015 resulting in escalated method uptake in implementing hospitals. This study investigates failure rate, complications, and risk factors for one-year continuation of TCu380A IUD when used for immediate postpartum contraception under the initiative in Tanzania

Methodology

A prospective cohort study of women who had TCu380A insertion within 48 hours of delivery in 6 hospitals in Tanzania between 1 st December 2017 and 18 th April 2018 was conducted. Immediate, face to face post insertion interviews were made with 1114 clients and later at the beginning of 13 th month through phone calls. PPIUD continuation status, complications, duration of time they stayed with the IUD and the currently used method if PPIUD was discontinued were enquired. The outcome variable was PPIUD continuation at one year of IUD insertion. Data were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions software (SPSS) for Windows version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago, IL, USA).

Results

In total 511(45.8%)clients had consented and availed to complete the one-year follow-up. Out of these, 440 still had IUD by end of 12 months, giving a one-year continuation rate of 86.1%. Most (63%) IUD discontinuations occurred in the period between 7 th week and 6 months of insertion. One-year method expulsion rate was 2.1%. There was one reported pregnancy that gives a method failure rate of about 2 per 1000. The independent risk factors in favor of method continuation at one year were absence of medical or social problem, adolescence (16-24 years), and delivery by Cesarean section.

Conclusions

The continuation rate when CuT380A is used for immediate postpartum contraception is high and with low failure rate. Some medical and social factors are important for method continuation, hence the need to consider in training, counselling and advocacy.
Using routine programmatic data to measure HIV incidence among pregnant women in Botswana
Authors: Ortblad Katrina Frances , Mawandia Sheshth , Bakae Odirile , Tau Lenna , Grande Matias , Mogomotsi Goabaone Pankie , Mmatli Esther , Ngombo Modise , Seckel Laura , Heffron Renee , Pintye Jillian , Ledikwe Jenny 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa have high risk of HIV acquisition, yet approaches for measuring maternal HIV incidence using routine surveillance systems are undefined. We used programmatic data from routine antenatal care (ANC) HIV testing in Botswana to measure real-world HIV incidence during pregnancy. Methods: From January 2018 to September 2019, the Botswana Ministry of Health and Wellness implemented an HIV testing program at 139 ANC clinics. The program captured information on testers’ age, testing date and result, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation. In our analysis, we excluded individuals who previously tested HIV-positive prior to their first ANC visit. We defined incident HIV infection as testing HIV-positive at an ANC visit after a prior HIV-negative result within ANC. Results: Overall, 29,570 pregnant women (median age 26 years, IQR 22-31) tested for HIV at ANC clinics: 3% (836) tested HIV-positive at their first recorded ANC visit and 97% tested HIV-negative (28,734). Of those who tested HIV-negative, 28% (7,940/28,734) had a repeat HIV test recorded at ANC. The median time to HIV re-testing was 92 days (IQR 70-112). In total, 17 previously undiagnosed HIV infections were detected (HIV incidence 8 per 1,000 person-years, 95% CI 0.5-1.3). ART initiation among women newly diagnosed with HIV at ANC (853) was 88% (671/762). Conclusions: In Botswana, real-world HIV incidence among pregnant women at ANC remains above levels of HIV epidemic control (≤1 per 1,000 person-years). This study shows how HIV programmatic data can answer timely population-level epidemiological questions and inform ongoing implementation of HIV prevention and treatment programs.
FSTL1 aggravates OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation by activating NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Tian , Wang Jun-fei , Liu Bao-yi , Wu Jin-xiang , Zhao Ji-ping , Li Shuo , Xu Jia-wei , Cao Li-li , Zhang Jin-tao , Dong Liang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. As a novel inflammatory mediator, follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) can activate immune reaction, suggesting that it may contribute to inflammatory disorders such as asthma. Besides, there are growing evidences that nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) / Interleukin (IL)-1β axis participates in asthma. In this study, we investigated the role of FSTL1 in allergic airway inflammation and its underlying mechanism of activating NLRP3 inflammasome.

Methods

Circulating FSTL1 and IL-1β levels were quantified in serum of asthmatic patients and controls. Whole-body ablation Fstl1 heterozygous mice (Fstl1 +/- ) and control group were assessed after the experimental treatment. The effects of FSTL1 on NLRP3 inflammasome were also tested in primary macrophages of mice in vitro.

Results

The concentration of FSTL1 and IL-1β in serum of asthmatic patients were elevated compared with controls and were positively correlated. FSTL1 deficiency ameliorated infiltration of inflammatory cells,corresponding pathological changes,cytokine responses (IL-1β, IL-5,IL-13), mucous hypersecretion and hyper-responsiveness of airway after Ovalbumin (OVA) exposure in the mouse model. Additionally, inhibition of NLRP3 with MCC950 attenuated FSTL1-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and airway inflammation in vivo and vitro.

Conclusions

Our data showed that FSTL1 played an important role in allergic airway inflammation by activating NLRP3 inflammasome, providing the possibility that FSTL1 could be applied as a therapeutic strategy on asthma.
Machine Learning for Predicting Pathological Complete Response in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Huang Chun-Ming , Huang Ming-Yii , Huang Ching-Wen , Tsai Hsiang-Lin , Su Wei-Chih , Chang Wei-Chiao , Wang Jaw-Yuan , Shi Hon-Yi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), achieving pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) results in best prognosis. So far, no reliable prediction model has been available. We aim to evaluate the performance of an artificial neural network (ANN) model in the prediction of pCR in patients with LARC. METHODS Predictive accuracy was compared between the ANN, k-earest neighbor (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), naïve Bayes classifier (NBC), and multiple logistic regression (MLR) models. RESULTS A total of 236 patients with LARC were used to compare the forecasting models. We trained the model with an estimation data set, and evaluated model performance with a validation data set. The ANN model significantly outperformed the KNN, SVM, NBC, and MLR models in predicting pCR. Our results revealed that post-CRT carcinoembryonic antigen was the most influential predictor of pCR, followed by intervals between CRT and surgery, chemotherapy regimens, clinical nodal stage, and clinical tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS Compared with conventional prediction models, the ANN model was more accurate in the prediction of pCR. The predictors of pCR can be used to identify which patients with LARC can benefit from watch-and-wait approaches.