bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Ordered 2D‐Assemblies of Phase‐Segregated Block Molecules for Upconverted Linearly Polarized Emission
Authors: van Son Martin H. C. , Berghuis Anton M. , Eisenreich Fabian , de Waal Bas , Vantomme Ghislaine , Gómez Rivas Jaime , Meijer E. W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMaterials based on the laminar ordering of self‐assembled molecules have a unique potential for applications requiring efficient energy migration through densely packed chromophores. Here, employing molecular assemblies of coil–rod–coil block molecules for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA‐UC) based on triplet energy migration with linearly polarized emission is reported. By covalently attaching discrete‐length oligodimethylsiloxane (oDMS) to 9,10‐diphenylanthracene (DPA), highly ordered 2D crystalline DPA sheets separated by oDMS layers are obtained. Transparent films of this material doped with small amounts of triplet sensitizer PtII octaethylporphyrin show air‐stable TTA‐UC under non‐coherent excitation. Upon annealing, an increase in TTA‐UC up to two orders of magnitude is observed originating from both an improved molecular ordering of DPA and an increased dispersion of the sensitizer. The molecular alignment in millimeter‐sized domains leads to upconverted linearly polarized emission without alignment layers. By using a novel technique, upconversion imaging microscopy, the TTA‐UC intensity is spatially resolved on a micrometer scale to visually demonstrate the importance of molecular dispersion of sensitizer molecules for efficient TTA‐UC. The reported results are promising for anti‐counterfeiting and 3D night‐vision applications, but also exemplify the potential of discrete oligodimethylsiloxane functionalized chromophores for highly aligned and densely packed molecular materials.
A Tuned Alternating D–A Copolymer Hole‐Transport Layer Enables Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells with Superior Fill Factor and Efficiency
Authors: Kim Hong Il , Baek Se‐Woong , Cheon Hyung Jin , Ryu Seung Un , Lee Seungjin , Choi Min‐Jae , Choi Kyoungwon , Biondi Margherita , Hoogland Sjoerd , de Arquer F. P. García , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Yun‐Hi , Park Taiho , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe need for optoelectronic and chemical compatibility between the layers in colloidal quantum dot (CQD) photovoltaic devices remains a bottleneck in further increasing performance. Conjugated polymers are promising candidates as new hole‐transport layer (HTL) materials in CQD solar cells (CQD‐SCs) owing to the highly tunable optoelectronic properties and compatible chemistries. A diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based polymer with benzothiadiazole derivatives (PD2FCT‐29DPP) as an HTL in these devices is reported. The energy level, molecular orientation, and hole mobility of this HTL are manipulated through molecular engineering. By levering the polymer's optical absorption spectrum complementary to that of the CQD active layer, EQE across the visible and near‐infrared regions is maximized. As a result, a PD2FCT‐29DPP‐based device exhibits a fill factor of 70% and approximately 35% efficiency enhancement compared to a PTB7‐based device.
Defect‐Rich Adhesive Molybdenum Disulfide/rGO Vertical Heterostructures with Enhanced Nanozyme Activity for Smart Bacterial Killing Application
Authors: Wang Longwei , Gao Fene , Wang Aizhu , Chen Xuanyu , Li Hao , Zhang Xiao , Zheng Hong , Ji Rui , Li Bo , Yu Xin , Liu Jing , Gu Zhanjun , Chen Fulin , Chen Chunying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme‐like activities, namely “nanozymes,” are showing increasing potential as a new type of broad‐spectrum antibiotics. However, their feasibility is still far from satisfactory, due to their low catalytic activity, poor bacterial capturing capacity, and complicated material design. Herein, a facile synthesis of a defect‐rich adhesive molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/rGO vertical heterostructure (VHS) through a one‐step microwave‐assisted hydrothermal method is reported. This simple, convenient but effective method for rapid material synthesis enables extremely uniform and well‐dispersed MoS2/rGO VHS with abundant S and Mo vacancies and rough surface, for a performance approaching the requirements of practical application. It is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that the as‐prepared MoS2/rGO VHS possesses defect and irradiation dual‐enhanced triple enzyme‐like activities (oxidase, peroxidase, and catalase) for promoting free‐radical generation, owing to much more active edge sites exposure. Meanwhile, the VHS‐achieved rough surface exhibits excellent capacity for bacterial capture, with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) destruction through local topological interactions. As a result, optimized efficacy against drug‐resistant Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria can be explored by such defect‐rich adhesive nanozymes, demonstrating a simple but powerful way to engineered nanozymes for alternative antibiotics.
Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic 4‐Anilinoquinazolines and N‐Quinazoline‐Indoles via Selective C−H Bond Activation
Authors: Liu Xin‐Yang , Liu Hao , Liao Xian‐Zhang , Dong Lin , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn efficient rhodium(III)‐catalyzed site‐selective functionalization of 4‐anilinoquinazolines offers exciting possibilities for fused polycyclic 4‐anilinoquinazoline derivatives and N‐quinazoline‐indoles by using diazo compounds as the elegant coupling partners. This one‐pot cascade approach to establish various complex 4‐anilinoquinazoline units with potential biological activities only depends on substrates and additives.magnified image
Recent Advances in Asymmetric Organomulticatalysis
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Shao Bing‐Xuan , Lu Yin‐Jie , Cao Qian‐Qian , Xia Chun‐Nian , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAsymmetric multi‐catalysis, designed to mimic catalytic processes in nature, is a powerful instrument to fulfil fascinating transformations. As a result, this area of research has attracted considerable interests within chemistry communities. Although there are numerous reviews involving multi‐catalysis, reviews describing asymmetric organomulticatalysis remain rare. Taking into consideration that organocatalysts possess the superiorities of effortless availability, inexpensiveness, hypotoxicity, facile handling and hyposensitivity to moisture and oxygen, they have definite advantage in their own distinct modes of activation when utilized in multi‐catalytic reactions. Organomulticatalysis refers to the synthetic strategies of modular combination of organo‐catalyzed reactions into one synthetic operation with minimum workup or change in conditions. It is apparent that a variety reports utilizing the concept of enantioselective organomulticatalysis have substantially surfaced in the past few years. Hence, it is indispensable to succinctly present all such reports by means of disclosing the mechanistic analysis, as well as the challenges and issues associated in the development of the asymmetric catalytic system. Additionally, this review will introduce some of the unsettled conundrums and possible innovations in this field.magnified image
A Quenched Annexin V‐Fluorophore for the Real‐Time Fluorescence Imaging of Apoptotic Processes In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Kim Hyunjin , Kim Hee Yeon , Lee Eun Young , Choi Boem Kyu , Jang Hyonchol , Choi Yongdoo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAnnexin‐based probes have long been used to study apoptotic cell death, which is of key importance to many areas of biological research, drug discovery, and clinical applications. Although apoptosis is a dynamic biological event with cell‐to‐cell variations, current annexin‐based probes are impractical for monitoring apoptosis in real‐time. Herein, a quenched annexin V‐near‐infrared fluorophore conjugate (Q‐annexin V) is reported as the first OFF‐ON annexin protein‐based molecular sensor for real‐time near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of apoptosis. Q‐annexin V is non‐fluorescent in the extracellular region, due to photoinduced electron transfer interactions between the conjugated dye and amino acid quenchers (tryptophan and tyrosine). The probe becomes highly fluorescent when bound to phosphatidylserines on the outer layer of cell membranes during apoptosis, thereby enabling apoptosis to be monitored in real‐time in 2D and 3D cell structures. In particular, Q‐annexin V shows superior utility for in vivo apoptosis fluorescence imaging in animal models of cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury and cancer immune therapy, compared to the conventional polarity‐sensitive pSIVA‐IANBD or annexin V‐Alexa647 conjugates.
Crystal Engineering in Organic Photovoltaic Acceptors: A 3D Network Approach
Authors: Lai Hanjian , He Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe power conversion efficiency of organic solar cell (OSC) devices has surpassed 18% rapidly. In order to further promote OSC development, it is necessary to understand the packing information at the atomic level to help develop acceptor systems with superior performance. The packing arrangements and intermolecular interactions of these acceptors in the solid state, observed by single crystal X‐ray crystallography, are often used to design materials with expected physicochemical properties. In this review, the chemical structures of acceptors revealed by single crystal X‐ray crystallography are summarized, and the relationship between structural design, packing arrangement, and device properties is discussed. In addition, the concept of “3D network packing” in acceptor systems is proposed, which offers better charge transfer properties in reported chlorinated, fluorinated, brominated, and trifluoromethylated systems, an understanding of 3D network transport also provides guidance in high‐performance materials design. Finally, some current issues related to single crystal studies in OSCs are discussed, with an emphasis on the significance of developing acceptors by understanding and adjusting the aggregation states and intermolecular interactions of materials by single crystal analysis.
Multi‐Photocatalyst Cascades: Merging Singlet Oxygen Photooxygenations with Photoredox Catalysis for the Synthesis of Alkaloid Frameworks
Authors: Kalaitzakis Dimitris , Bosveli Artemis , Sfakianaki Kalliopi , Montagnon Tamsyn , Vassilikogiannakis Georgios 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of photocascades that rapidly transform simple and readily accessible furan substrates into polycyclic alkaloid frameworks or erythrina natural products is described. Each of the sequences developed makes use of photocatalyzed energy transfer processes, which generate singlet oxygen, to set up the substrates for the second photocatalyzed reaction, wherein electron transfer generates carbon‐centered radicals for the cyclizations that give the final complex frameworks. A chemical switch has been developed that can “switch off” one photocatalyst; thus, allowing a second photocatalyst to take over control of the sequence. As a corollary, this strategy represents the first time it has been possible to use multiple photocatalysts in photocascades, and, as such, it expands significantly the reactions that can be included in such cascades and the order in which they can be initiated.
Interaction and Isolation in New Georgia: insights from the Nabo Point ceramic assemblage, Tetepare
Authors: THOMAS TIM , MCSTAY AMY , SHEPPARD PETER , SUMMERHAYES GLENN 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a ceramic assemblage from a Post‐Lapita site on Tetepare, a geologically distinct island on the periphery of the New Georgia group, Solomon Islands. Previous studies of ceramic assemblages in the region have found evidence of exotic sherds and patterns of pottery transfer indicating population mobility during a colonisation phase establishment of new communities in coastal lagoon settings. Here, a geochemical and petrographic comparison of the Tetepare assemblage to samples from similarly‐aged sites in nearby Roviana Lagoon and Kolombangara establishes a pattern of predominantly local production, with equivocal support for exotic transfers. This leads us to refine a model of increasing environmental knowledge, access and social connectivity, during the early phase dispersal of ceramic technologies into the region. We argue that our results clearly discriminate the Tetepare sherds from other assemblages and connect this observation to inferences about the variable character of regional interaction patterns. In addition, the environmental setting of the Tetepare site supplies further context for assessing the role of post‐depositional taphonomic processes and sea‐level change in structuring the visibility of intertidal pottery assemblages in the region.
Measuring cognitive reflection without maths: Development and validation of the verbal cognitive reflection test
Authors: Sirota Miroslav , Dewberry Chris , Juanchich Marie , Valuš Lenka , Marshall Amanda C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe cognitive reflection test (CRT) became popular for its impressive power to predict how well people reason and make decisions. Despite the popularity of the CRT, a major issue complicates its interpretation: The numerical nature of the CRT confounds reflection ability with mathematical ability. We have addressed this issue by developing the verbal CRT (CRT‐V), a novel 10‐item measure of cognitive reflection (https://osf.io/xehbv/), using nonmathematical problems with good statistical and psychometric properties and with low familiarity. First, we selected suitable items with relatively low familiarity and optimal difficulty as identified in two different populations (Studies 1 and 2) and with high content validity as judged by an expert panel (Study 3). Second, we demonstrated good criterion and construct validity for the test in different populations with a wide range of variables (Studies 4–6, 8) and a good internal consistency (Studies 4–8) and test–retest reliability (Study 7). The CRT‐V was less associated with math anxiety, objective and subjective numeracy than the original CRT, and it was test equivalent across gender, age groups and administration setting. In contrast with the original CRT (Hedge's g = 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.17, 0.40]), the CRT‐V showed no gender differences (Hedge's g = −0.06, 95% CI [−0.18, 0.06]). The CRT‐V can complement existing, numerical, tests of cognitive reflection.
Green analysis of newly approved binary omeprazole/aspirin mixture in presence of aspirin impurity using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography and thin‐layer chromatography methods
Authors: Abdelaleem Eglal A. , Abou El Ella Dalal A. , Mahmoud Alaa M. , Abdelhamid Nessreen S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTwo green, simple, and accurate chromatographic methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of omeprazole and aspirin mixture in the presence of salicylic acid, a major impurity of aspirin. Method A is a reversed‐phase ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography; the separation was performed on a C18 column, with a mobile phase composed of ethanol:0.1% aqueous solution of triethylamine acidified with orthophosphoric acid (pH 3) (30:70, v/v) at 0.15 mL/min flow rate and 230 nm. Omeprazole, aspirin, and aspirin impurity retention times were 7.47, 4.40, and 5.13 min, respectively. Good linearity was achieved in the concentration ranges of 5–80, 5–85, and 3–50 μg/mL for the three mentioned components, respectively. Method B is thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) where silica gel TLC F254 plates were utilized to achieve separation using ethanol:ethyl acetate (2:8, v/v) as a developing system at 240 nm. The resulted Rf values were 0.83, 0.65, and 0.23 for omeprazole, aspirin, and impurity, respectively. The concentration ranges of 0.1–3 μg/band for the three drugs showed good linearity. The proposed methods are eco‐friendly and greener when compared to the already reported method (Microchemical Journal, 152, 104350). This is the first use of TLC method for the determination of the three drugs. International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines were followed to ensure the validity of developed methods.
The impact of ISO 14001 on firm environmental and economic performance: The moderating role of size and environmental awareness
Authors: Arocena Pablo , Orcos Raquel , Zouaghi Fedaous 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of adopting the ISO 14001 standard on firm environmental and economic performance. In particular, it is argued that the degree of environmental awareness of the society (EAS) and firm size are two factors moderating the effect of ISO 14001 on firm performance. A number of hypotheses are formulated and empirically tested on an international sample of 583 listed companies in 46 countries over the period of 2009–2018. The findings show that (i) ISO 14001 adoption contributes to reducing firm carbon emission intensity and increasing firm profitability; (ii) the impact of ISO14001 on profitability is greater for companies from countries with high EAS and for larger firms; and (iii) the impact of ISO 14001 on carbon intensity is greater for headquartered in countries with low EAS. Managerial and policy implications resulting from the widespread adoption of certifiable environmental standards are also discussed.
Optical Biosensors for Virus Detection: Prospects for SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19
Authors: Maddali Hemanth , Miles Catherine E. , Kohn Joachim , O'Carroll Deirdre M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe recent pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused huge worldwide disruption due to the lack of available testing locations and equipment. The use of optical techniques for viral detection has flourished in the past 15 years, providing more reliable, inexpensive, and accurate detection methods. In the current minireview, optical phenomena including fluorescence, surface plasmons, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and colorimetry are discussed in the context of detecting virus pathogens. The sensitivity of a viral detection method can be dramatically improved by using materials that exhibit surface plasmons or SERS, but often this requires advanced instrumentation for detection. Although fluorescence and colorimetry lack high sensitivity, they show promise as point‐of‐care diagnostics because of their relatively less complicated instrumentation, ease of use, lower costs, and the fact that they do not require nucleic acid amplification. The advantages and disadvantages of each optical detection method are presented, and prospects for applying optical biosensors in COVID‐19 detection are discussed.
Daratumumab efficacy in extramedullary orbital myeloma
Authors: Gozzetti Alessandro , Cerase Alfonso , Bocchia Monica 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDaratumumab is very efficacious in multiple myeloma. Few reports are present about efficacy in extramedullary myeloma. We report here daratumumab efficacy in extramedullary ocular myeloma in a young 46‐year‐old man diagnosed 3 years earlier and relapse refractory to five previous lines of therapy.
On the Stability of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts in Acid
Authors: Etzi Coller Pascuzzi Marco , van Velzen Matthijs , Hofmann Jan P. , Hensen Emiel J. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts suitable to work in acid are typically restricted to platinum group noble metal oxides because of their high activity and, especially, stability. Co3O4 is currently explored as an alternative OER catalyst. Herein we prepared Co3O4 films on fluorine‐doped Sn oxide (FTO) glass and Ti foil via thermal decomposition of nitrate salts and evaluated their activity and stability in 0.05 M H2SO4. Crystalline Co3O4 films deposited on FTO were stable during chronopotentiometry at 10 mA cm−2 for over 16 hours. The dissolution rate was 61 ngCo cm−2 min−1. The choice of a stable support such as FTO is essential to ensure the stability of the catalyst‐substrate interface and to prevent substrate passivation under OER conditions. Doping Co3O4 with Li resulted in a higher OER activity under acidic conditions to be attributed to the larger electrochemical surface area, although the stability was impeded compared to undoped Co3O4.
Recent Advances in Graphitic Carbon Nitride Supported Single‐Atom Catalysts for Energy Conversion
Authors: Zhao Meng , Feng Jing , Yang Weiting , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts are one of the most energetic frontier research fields of catalysis, which exhibit distinctive performance for diverse chemical reactions due to the unique coordination environment, high atomic utilization, high activity and selectivity. Nevertheless, the size decrease of catalyst particles is accompanied with the sharply increased surface energy, thus ultra‐small particles are easy to form aggregation of nanoclusters and cannot maintain the atomic level dispersion. The key factor to protect catalytic sites is to regulate and control the interaction between single atoms and the substrate. As one of the most promising two‐dimensional supports to stabilize the isolated metal atoms, graphitic carbon nitride has been widely studied owing to the existence of abundant pyridine‐like nitrogen atoms for strongly anchoring metal centers and the distinct structure originating from electron rearrangement caused by the interaction between carbon and neighbor nitrogen atoms. In this review, we systematically generalize the controllable syntheses, theoretical calculations, characterizations and applications of graphitic carbon nitride supported isolated single‐atom catalysts, and finally, the prospects and challenges in this emergent field are featured on the basis of current experimental and computational efforts.
Effects of Various Energy Suppliers in Green Processes for Obtaining Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Pulit-Prociak Jolanta , Staroń Paweł , Staroń Anita , Chwastowski Jarosław , Banach Marcin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe productions of stable suspensions of silver nanoparticles using a microwave reactor, an ultraviolet (UV) reactor, a low‐frequency low‐temperature plasma reactor, a high‐pressure reactor, and an open reactor are compared. All reactors served as sources of energy for stimulating the nanoparticle growth process. The silver nanoparticles were obtained based on the chemical reduction method. The processes were conducted using gallic acid as the reducing‐stabilizing substance. The influence of the variable parameters time (for all types of reactors), temperature (for the open and high‐pressure reactors), power (for the microwave reactor), energy density (for the UV reactor), and voltage (for the low‐frequency low‐temperature plasma reactor) was investigated. Temperature was found to be the most important factor influencing all processes.
Atomically Precise Alloy Nanoclusters
Authors: Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Imai Yukari , Suzuki Daiki , Kato Shun , Kobayashi Ibuki , Suzuki Taiyo , Kaneko Ryo , Hossain Sakiat , Negishi Yuichi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Yuichi Negishi at Tokyo University of Science. The image depicts the alloy nanoclusters reported in this review. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202001877.