bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolonged post-operative hydrocodone usage due to psychotropic drug interaction
Authors: Whitt Aaron G. , Karimi Viana F. , Gaskins Jeremy T. , Renfrow Ruby E. , Roach Abbey R. , Malkani Arthur L. , Hartley Brandi , Yakkanti Madhusudhan R. , Jortani Saeed A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To explore pain outcomes in patients prescribed hydrocodone and psychotropic medications with or without CYP2D6 inhibition activity.

Methods
Patients hospitalized for lower/limited upper extremity injuries who were prescribed hydrocodone alongside a psychotropic medication were considered for this study (n=224). A subset of these patients (n=178) was prescribed a psychotropic medication known to inhibit CYP2D6, while the remainder (n=46) were prescribed psychotropic medications without CYP2D6 inhibition activity. Patient demographics and pain outcomes were collected by electronic health record review and interviews.

Results
Patients taking a psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6 exhibited longer duration of opioid use post-discharge (median 33 days [IQR 10–99]) compared with patients taking a psychotropic non-inhibitor (4 days [2–20], p<0.001). No significant differences were observed with in-hospital pain outcomes, including total dose of hydrocodone administered, duration of hydrocodone use, pain index scores, and the occurrence of common mild/moderate/severe hydrocodone side effects.

Conclusions
Patients prescribed at least one psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6 were more likely to continue using hydrocodone for up to 3 months following surgery. Knowledge of these critical drug-drug interactions could enhance clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. This study highlights negative post-operative pain outcomes in patients prescribed hydrocodone alongside a psychotropic inhibitor of CYP2D6. The results of this study indicate that patients taking psychotropic medications that inhibit CYP2D6 are at increased risk for prolonged hydrocodone use following orthopedic surgery.
Effect of metformin on exercise capacity in treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Gunaseelan Vikneswaran , Selvarajan Sandhiya , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Kadhiravan Tamilarasu , Venkatraman Shravan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Exercise capacity is decreased in diabetes mellitus due to impaired insulin sensitivity, endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of metformin on exercise capacity in treatment naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods
Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were tested for baseline insulin resistance and exercise capacity, before starting on metformin. Exercise capacity was measured by incremental exercise testing in treadmill (ZAN 600 CPET system) using modified Bruce protocol at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks following metformin therapy.

Results
A total of 33 treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled of which 19 patients completed the study. There was no significant change in any of the exercise capacity parameters at the end of 12 weeks of metformin. Nevertheless, there was a significant improvement in VO2/kg among those with insulin resistance as compared to those without insulin resistance.

Conclusions
Metformin monotherapy did not produce any change in exercise capacity in treatment naïve type 2 diabetes patients. However, a significant fall in exercise capacity (VO2/kg) was observed in patients without insulin resistance as compared to those with insulin resistance at the end of 12 weeks of metformin therapy.
Evaluation of gastric tolerability for long-term use of diclofenac and celecoxib in male albino rats and potential gastroprotective benefits of royal jelly: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Othman Amira A.A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for pain and inflammation relief. Our study aimed to explore the ulcerogenic effect of long-term diclofenac and celecoxib administration on male albino stomachs, focusing on the possible gastroprotective effect of royal jelly administration.

Methods
Five equal groups of 50 male albino rats. The drug dosages were: diclofenac potassium (10 mg/kg/day), celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day), and RJ (300 mg/kg/day), for 4 weeks. Group 1 received no medication. Group 2 received oral diclofenac potassium. Group 3 received oral RJ plus diclofenac potassium. Group 4 received celecoxib orally. Group 4 received oral RJ plus celecoxib. When the experiment was over, rats were euthanized, blood samples were gathered, and stomachs were dissected out. Stomachs were examined for ulcer counts. Serum levels of MDA and SOD were determined. Gastric mucosa contents of MDA, SOD, PGE2, MPO, apoptotic (Bax), and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) genes were measured. Gastric tissue was also analyzed histopathologically.

Results
Long-term administration of diclofenac and celecoxib, in such dose and duration, caused each of the aforementioned parameters to significantly deteriorate, with significant improvement with RJ co-administration. Diclofenac developed severe gastric ulcers in group 2, and RJ co-administration significantly reduced the gastric mucosa damage in group 3. Celecoxib developed no gastric ulcer in both groups 4 and 5.

Conclusions
Long-term use of diclofenac in male albino rats caused severe gastric ulcers with significant gastroprotective effects of RJ. Celecoxib provides preferable GI tolerability; thus, it should be prescribed for patients at increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding requiring NSAIDs.
From sociolinguistic perception to strategic action in the study of social meaning
Authors: Thiberge Gabriel , Burnett Heather 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present a new paradigm investigating social meaning through strategic action. More precisely, we present an experimental technique (a textual role-playing game developed with the Ren’Py engine), which we view as an enrichment of the matched-guise technique (MGT). In this paradigm the explicit response scales of the MGT are substituted for strategic choices in a video game. We argue that studying social meaning experimentally through looking at its effects on participants’ actions is more interactive than the classic paradigm. We compare the results from both the video game and a more classic version of the paradigm based on scales, conducted with the same linguistic materials, and we show that researchers who use only the MGT may be missing some crucial aspects of the social meanings of the linguistic phenomena they are studying. We also argue that a paradigm based on strategic action is better equipped to study the social, political, and economic outcomes for the users of those linguistic variants, and therefore to contribute to understanding phenomena like linguistic discrimination.
Excellent catalytic performance over reduced graphene-boosted novel nanoparticles for oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil
Authors: Irshad Tasmia , Saeed Muhammad , Munir Mamoona , Kousar Rehana , Intisar Azeem , Din Muhammad Imran , Ahsan Hadia , Abid Muhammad Amin , Irfan Muhammad , Osman Sameh M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Three new inorganic–organic hybrid nanocomposites (In–WO3@rGO, Mo–WO3@rGO, and Mn–WO4@rGO) were synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied for recoverable and efficacious ODS process of real oil. The physicochemical analysis of novel nanocatalysts was conducted by various techniques, i.e., powder X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD and SEM analyses depicted that the nanoparticles (In–WO3, Mn–WO4, and Mo–WO3) were well embellished on the exterior of reduced GO with an amazing morphology, having a crystallite size of less than 40 nm. The catalytic activity of nanocomposites was scrutinized for real fuel (diesel and kerosene) and model fuel (DBT) using the radical initiator mechanism of the ODS pathway. Excellent efficiency can be obtained under optimized conditions using 0.1 g catalyst, 1 mL oxidant (H2O2), and100 ppm DBT at 40°C with a time duration of 180 min. Various factors such as time, DBT concentration, catalyst amount, oxidant amount, and temperature that affect catalytic activity directly or indirectly were also studied. A pseudo-first-order kinetics model was followed, and due to spontaneous reaction, a negative value of ΔG was observed with an activation energy of 6.54 kJ/mol for Mo–WO3@rGO, which is lower than that of the other two hybrids. The synthesized nanohybrids showed remarkable durability and recovery up to five times for the ODS process without significant change in proficiency.
Novel post-translational modifications in cancer
Authors: Li Dongling , Cai Qinrui , Li Li , Chen Yao , Lin Ling , Zhou Xiaoya , Lin Jianshan , Yang Fan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The increasing incidence of cancer highlights the urgency for a deeper understanding of its complex pathogenesis. Recent research has identified novel post-translational modifications (PTMs) as key contributors to cancer. This review examines the role of emerging PTMs, including lactylation, crotonylation, methacrylation, succinylation, sulfhydration, β-hydroxybutyrylation, and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, in cancer development. We provide a comprehensive review of these novel PTMs, and their impact on proteins involved in tumor progression. Additionally, we summarize the associated enzymes, proteins, and signaling pathways, showcase the latest preclinical studies on PTMs in cancer, and offer insights into future research directions. Investigating these modifications is expected to facilitate the development of innovative and patient-centric therapies, marking a significant advancement in cancer research.
Comparing surface immune markers in successful and non-viable ART pregnancies on the day of hCG measurement: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Marron Kevin , Harrity Conor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBlood lymphocyte reference ranges in non-pregnant females are established, but changes in pregnancy are less well understood. The early identification of immunological markers that could suggest an increased risk of early pregnancy loss may allow for timely intervention to improve outcomes. A lymphocytic immunophenotype provides a broad assessment of important immune parameters and potential indicators, which may be of relevance to pregnancy outcome. Comparison of immunophenotype results on the day of a positive hCG after embryo transfer between successful and failed pregnancies allows for this assessment. Baseline non-pregnant lymphocyte percentage and cell/µL profiles were established with a comprehensive panel on 93 age-matched male factor controls. Sixty-five in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) patients had an immunophenotype assessment on the day of a positive hCG, followed by further hCG tests and ultrasound monitoring as required to ultimately evaluate success (live birth) or failure (miscarriage). Thirty-one pregnancies were viable, leading to a live birth, while 34 ended in miscarriage. Total CD56, pNK, NKT, CD4 and CD8 levels were equivalent between all groups. Regardless of the outcome, B lymphocytes increased in pregnancy compared to controls. Of interest, in the later miscarriage cohort, pNK-specific CD69 was reduced (1.6 vs 5.4%, P = 0.02), while CD57+ cells were increased (45.4 vs 38.9%, P = 0.025). Corresponding changes were observed in cell/µL concentrations. Low level CD69 activation and elevated CD56dim and CD57+ NK cells were identified as markers that could potentially identify a pregnancy at risk of miscarriage, with further study needed to explore whether these changes represent cause or effect.Lay summaryUnexplained infertility remains a difficult issue for patients and physicians alike, but despite recent diagnostic strides and innovative methods, there are no clear solutions on the horizon. Pregnancies can still occur in these challenging populations, either spontaneously or by interventions such as IVF. The early identification of various immune markers by blood sampling that may correlate with the subsequent outcome could be beneficial in identifying pregnancies at increased risk of miscarriage and perhaps allowing for timely and effective interventions.
Gimdos transplantacijos operacijų iššūkių ir rizikų apžvalga
Authors: Kolosovaitė Karolina , Bužinskienė Diana 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Uterus transplant surgery is the only treatment for restoring fertility in women with infertility due to uterine patho­logy. Uterine transplantation have progressed from animal experiments to successful human operations to now non-experimental clinical procedures used to treat infertility due to uterine pathology in women who wish to carry their newborns to term. Purpose. Taking into account the latest scientific literature, to describe the challenges and risks faced during uterus transplant surgeries and to review why these surgeries are still only a part of experimental medicine. Research material and methods. Publications were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed databases. Search keywords and their combinations: “uterus transplantation operations”, “living donor”, “ethical issues”, “complications of uterus transplant operations”. 29 articles corresponding to the topic of the work were selected and analyzed. Results. Currently, about 90 uterus transplantation operations have been performed, of which 80 were from living donors. The result of the operations is more than 46 successful births and live newborns. Of these, 24 births were premature. Currently, there are 59 living donor hysterectomies in the literature, 35 performed by laparotomy, 20 by robotic surgery, and 4 laparoscopically. The overall birth rate of newborns after uterine transplantation exceeds 80%. Conclusions. Uterus transplant surgeries redefine the possibilities of motherhood, improve women’s reproductive rights, and therefore give women who are infertile due to uterine pathology the opportunity to have a baby.
Natural Language Processing to Identify Infants Aged 90 Days and Younger With Fevers Prior to Presentation
Authors: Aronson Paul L. , Kuppermann Nathan , Mahajan Prashant , Nielsen Blake , Olsen Cody S. , Meeks Huong D. , Grundmeier Robert W. ,   on behalf of the PECARN Registry Working Group
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
Natural language processing (NLP) can enhance research studies for febrile infants by more comprehensive cohort identification. We aimed to refine and validate an NLP algorithm to identify and extract quantified temperature measurements from infants aged 90 days and younger with fevers at home or clinics prior to emergency department (ED) visits.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional study using electronic health record (EHR) data from 17 EDs in 10 health systems that are part of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Registry. All visits between January 1, 2012, and May 31, 2023, for infants aged 90 days and younger were eligible, excluding those with trauma-related diagnoses. We iteratively refined a prespecified rules-based NLP algorithm in 7 successive samples of 200 visits and validated the algorithm on a held-out sample of 500 visits. The reference standard for pre-ED quantified temperature measurements was a temperature documented in clinical notes, excluding ED vital sign temperatures.

RESULTS
In our final sample, 113 of 500 visits (23%) had quantified temperature measurements. The NLP algorithm had sensitivity 95% (95% CI: 88%–98%), specificity 96% (95% CI: 93%–97%), and positive predictive value 86% (95% CI: 78%–91%). When applying rules to exclude temperatures that may have been noted more than 24 hours previously, the NLP algorithm had lower sensitivity (88%; 95% CI: 81%–93%) but similar specificity (97%; 95% CI: 95%–98%).

CONCLUSIONS
This highly accurate NLP algorithm can identify febrile infants without documented fevers in the ED to facilitate their inclusion in large studies using EHR data.
Взаємозв'язок сенсу існування та характеристик тілесності ЗШІ
Authors: Бескаравайний Станіслав 
Published: December 2024

Актуальність: становлення ЗШІ (загального штучного інтелекту) як повноцінного учасника соціуму актуалізує питання його цілепокладання, отже, сенс його існування.
ЗШІ так само зіткнуться з психофізичною проблемою при самоосмисленні, як і люди, тому мета статті: сформулювати базове протиріччя сенсу існування техносуб’єктів, аналогічне протиріч тіла та духа у людини.
Результати дослідження: проаналізовано протиріччя в розумінні сенсу життя між «хіліками» та «пневматиками». Показано, що у ХІХ-ХХ ст. виникла криза в розумінні сенсів життя, причому як для традиційного суспільства, так і для суспільства Модерну: соціальне безсмертя, яке можливо досягти раціональними способами, виявилося недостатньою заміною індивідуального безсмертя, яке обіцяє релігія. Трансгуманізм сприймається, як одна із сучасних спроб забезпечити сенсі існування індивіда: протиріччя «хіліків» і «пневматиків» частково знімаються у межах концепції нескінченного вдосконалення людини. Але нескінчений розвиток, сам по собі, не може виступати сенсом існування пост-людини або ЗШІ.
Висновки: сформульовано базову суперечність у цілепокладанні існування ЗШІ: між необмеженим у часі розвитком та самототожністю. Ймовірно, протиріччя цілепокладання існування ЗШІ будуть розвитком протиріч, характерних для людської культури, непрямою відповіддю на питання про сенс життя людини.
Показано, що ЗШІ, який немає у сенсі свого існування проекції на вічність, можливо розглядати як неповноцінний, службовий ШІ. Це відмінність ЗШІ від людини, що демонструє потенційно якісно вищій рівень розвитку техносуб’єктів. Показано, що тілесну складову індивідуального техносуб'єкту (ЗШІ) у контексті еволюційного розвитку необхідно розглядати скоріше як аналог біологічного виду, ніж окремого організму. Нарешті суб'єктність ЗШІ більш вразлива до впливу інших суб'єктів, так як техногенна структура тіла та програмного забезпечення передбачає знання про їх устрій та можливість маніпуляції. Цим обґрунтовано необхідність якісно нового рівня регуляції взаємодій у соціумі, що складається з ЗШІ.
Munkahelyi lopás a munkahelyi stresszel és a transzformációs vezetéssel való összefüggésben
Authors: Tóth Máté , Bernáth Ágnes , Kovács Judit 
Published: December 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések: A tanulmány a munkahelyi lopások stresszforrású magyarázatai, illetve a transzformációs vezetéselmélet alapján a közvetlen felettes vezetési stílusa és a beosztottak lopási viselkedése közötti kapcsolat vizsgálatára fókuszál. A kutatás főképp Fox, Spector és Miles (2001) kontraproduktív munkahelyi viselkedésekre vonatkozó elméletére alapoz, a munkahelyi stresszorok okozta negatív affektusok semlegesítésére képes erőforrásként pedig a transzformációs vezetés stílus sajátosságait jelöli meg. Módszer: A kérdőívcsomag demográfiai kérdőívet, a Munkahelyi stressz jelenlét kérdőívet, a Munkával kapcsolatos affektív jóllét skála negatív affektusokat megragadó itemeit, a többfaktorú leadership kérdőív bizonyos állításait, illetve egy munkahelyi lopásokra és idővel való visszaélésekre vonatkozó kérdőívet tartalmazott. A kényelmi adatgyűjtés online történt, a vizsgált minta 168 főből állt. Eredmények: Az észlelt munkahelyi stressz és a dolgozók által elkövetett munkahelyi lopások, valamint idővel való visszaélések között közvetett kapcsolat állt fenn, melyet a munkához kapcsolódó negatív affektusok teljesen mediáltak. A transzformációs vezetés a munkavállalók lopási tevékenységével közepesen erős negatív együtt járást mutatott. A közvetlen felettes transzformációsnak észlelt vezetési stílusa mellett még a nagyobb észlelt stressz terhelés sem járt együtt annyira erős negatív érzelmekkel, és lopásban, idővel való visszaélésben megmutatkozó munkahelyi devianciával. Következtetések: A munkahelyi lopások hátterében valóban állhat a munkahelyi stressz, ám a vezetők transzformációs vezetési stílust alkalmazva képesek lehetnek a stresszorok munkavállalókra gyakorolt negatív hatásának tompítására, végső soron a munkahelyi lopások és visszaélések megfékezésére.
Efficacy of muscle energy technique with stretching versus muscle energy technique with myofascial release in upper cross syndrome
Authors: Phogat Ravita , Rana Priyanka , Punia Sonu , Singh Varun 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION: Cervical pain represents one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders, with the potential for secondary complications if left untreated. The primary causes of neck pain are cervical spine and soft tissue disorders, while neck pain due to postural abnormalities is known as upper cross syndrome (UCS). Epidemiological studies indicate that neck pain is prevalent in the general population but is significantly more common among office workers. Optimal management strategies require further investigation to improve treatment outcomes. This study aims to evaluate and compare two therapeutic approaches for managing Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS): Muscle Energy Technique (MET) combined with Myofascial Release Therapy (MFR), and MET combined with Muscle Stretching Exercises. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This non-randomized, active-controlled trial enrolled 40 patients with neck pain, assigned to two intervention groups of 20 participants each: Muscle Energy Technique (MET) with Myofascial Release Therapy (MFR), and MET with Muscle Stretching Exercises. The study assessed pain intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and forward head posture using the Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) at baseline and three weeks post-treatment. RESULTS: VAS score for pain showed a mean change of 1.7 and 1.8 in the MET with MFR group and MET with the Muscle Stretching Exercises group after 11 sessions. The CVA increased by 2.08° in the MET with MFR group and by 1.78° in the MET with the Muscle Stretching Exercises group. Both groups showed significant improvements in pain and forward head posture (p<0.001), with no significant difference between the interventions. CONCLUSION: Both MET combined with MFR and MET with Muscle Stretching Exercises demonstrate improvement in pain and CVA.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Aprilina Faradhila Nur Afivah 
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan pembelajaran memungkinkan siswa mengembangkan kreativitas ketika memecahkan masalah. Kegiatan tersebut meliputi menghubungkan ide-ide yang berbeda, mengembangkan dan merumuskan ide-ide untuk memecahkan masalah tertentu. Hasilnya, siswa mengembangkan kemampuan merumuskan ide untuk memecahkan masalah, menyumbangkan ide baru yang orisinal, menghasilkan ide, dan membuat keputusan mengenai situasi. Dalam PJBL, siswa dihadapkan pada topik-topik substantif, mempelajari konsep dan informasi yang memungkinkan mereka memecahkan masalah, dan menerapkan pengetahuan tersebut untuk menyelesaikan produk yang ditugaskan, sehingga mendorong pengembangan keterampilan abad ke-21. Keuntungan pembelajaran berbasis proyek adalah siswa lebih aktif dan memahami konten lebih dalam setelah menyelesaikan proyek.