bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESTRESSE, A REALIDADE E O DESAFIO DO PROFESSOR CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: César Dias Lopes Gabriel 
Published: April 2020

A incidência do estresse segue os passos de um processo produtivo que numa análise geral da questão é a motivadora do quadro e aúde precária do trabalhador no país Para a compreensão da relação saúde/trabalho e do trabalho docente em um contexto eoliberal e dos seus efeitos, esse artigo busca compreender a semântica da terminologia estresse, a trajetória deste no contexto das oenças ocupacionais no capitalismo neoliberal e enfim a situação do professor que exigido em excelência se depara com ituações onde o nível de estresse ocupacional e de outras doenças geradas a partir dele. A situação atual do trabalho e da saúde do rabalhador em educação nos moldes do capitalismo mundial e mais especificamente no Brasil, destaca a necessidade de uma esquisa acerca da trajetória da exploração do trabalho que, independente dos processos produtivos que marcaram a história conômica do país. Os teóricos aqui reportados são Edgar Morin, Pedro Demo, Fritjof Capra, GyorgyLuckács,Carlos inayoGomez,Michel Foucault entre outros
EDUCAÇÃO ATIVA: PROTAGONISMO, INTERPESSOALIDADE E DIÁLOGO
Authors: César Dias Lopes Gabriel 
Published: April 2020

Em um país como o Brasil onde a educação é notadamente marcada pelos ranços do colonialismo e do tradicionalismo, a proposta e uma Educação Ativa tem se mostrado coerente com as necessidades do homem atual e com as demandas de uma sociedade cada ia mais desafiadora quanto à aprendizagem significativa e significadora. Este artigo, trata do conceito de Educação Ativa a partir de ma pesquisa bibliográfica com os principais articuladores da proposta e usando uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva historiciza s rimórdios dessa ideia bem como busca no contexto atual analisar de forma crítica as possibilidades e os entraves para a mplantação desse modelo que articula conhecimento, protagonismo individual e responsabilização pela própria aprendizagem e spírito de cooperação e equipe. Os resultados dessa avaliação apontam para não somente a viabilidade do modelo como também a ua pertinência e necessidade no atual contexto.
A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band Filter. II. The Coolest and Lowest Mass Members of the Serpens-South Star-forming Region
Authors: Jose Jessy , Biller Beth A. , Albert Loïc , Dubber Sophie , Allers Katelyn , Herczeg Gregory J. , Liu Michael C. , Pearson Samuel , Lalchand Bhavana , Chen Wen-Ping , Bonnefoy Mickaël , Artigau Etienne , Delorme Philippe , Chiang Po-shih , Zhang Zhoujian , Oasa Yumiko 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Given its relative proximity (∼430 pc), compact size (<20′), young age (∼0.5 Myr), and rich number of young stellar objects, the Serpens-South star-forming region is a promising site for studying young substellar objects, yet the low-mass members of this region remain largely undiscovered. In this article we report on a deep photometric survey using a custom 1.45 μm filter (W band), as well as standard J and H near-IR filters, in order to identify candidate low-mass young brown dwarfs in the Serpens-South region. We constructed a reddening-insensitive index (Q) by combining J, H and W-band photometry for survey objects, in order to identify candidate low-mass members of Serpens based on the strength of the water-absorption feature at 1.45 μm in the atmospheres of mid-M and later objects. We then conducted spectroscopic follow-up to confirm youth and spectral type for our candidates. This is the first survey to identify the very low-mass and coolest members of Serpens-South. We identify four low-mass candidate Serpens members, which all display IR excess emission, indicating the likely presence of circumstellar disks around them. One of the four candidate low-mass members in our list, SERP182918-020245, exhibits Paβ and Brγ emission features, confirming its youth and ongoing magnetospheric accretion. Our new candidate members have spectral types >M4 and are the coolest and lowest mass candidate members yet identified in Serpens-South.
Measuring the AGN Sublimation Radius with a New Approach: Reverberation Mapping of Broad Line Polarization
Authors: Shablovinskaya Elena S. , Afanasiev Viktor L. , Popović Luka Č. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Here we give an observational method for measurements of the equatorial scattering region radius using variability in the polarized broad lines in Type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The polarization in broad lines of Type 1 AGNs is mostly caused by equatorial scattering, where specific features allow one to separate its contribution from the total polarized flux. We propose to monitor variability in the polarized line flux and find the time lag between the nonpolarized continuum and polarized broad line variability. The distance to the scattering screen can then be determined from the time delay. The method was, for the first time, applied to the observations of the Type 1 AGN Mrk 6, and we found that the size of the scattering region in this AGN is around 100 lt-days. That is significantly smaller than the dusty region size estimated by the infrared interferometric observations and also larger than known broad line region (BLR) size. This indicates that the scattering region lies between the BLR and the dusty region and could be used as a probe of the dust sublimation radius.
Properties of Short GRB Pulses in the Fourth BATSE Catalog: Implications for the Structure and Evolution of the Jetted Outflows
Authors: Li Xiu-Juan , Zhang Zhi-Bin , Zhang Chuan-Tao , Zhang Kai , Zhang Ying , Dong Xiao-Fei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Considering the shortage of comparative studies on pulse temporal characteristics between single-peaked short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) and double-peaked sGRBs, we examine the pulse properties of a sample of 100 BATSE sGRBs using the BATSE Time-Tagged Event data with a 5 ms resolution. A total of 243 individual pulses of the single-peaked, double-peaked, and triple-peaked sGRBs are fitted to find statistical properties such as the pulse asymmetry, amplitude, peak time, and pulse width, etc. For the double-peaked sGRBs, according to the overlapping ratio between two adjacent peaks, we first define two kinds of double-peaked sGRBs as M-loose and M-tight types and find that most of the first pulses are similar to the single-peaked ones. We study the dependence of the FWHM on the photon energy among different energy bands. Interestingly, it is found that a power-law relation with an index of −0.4 does exist between the FWHM and the photon energy for the single- and double-peaked sGRBs. More interestingly, we notice that the power-law relation with a positive index also exists for several special short bursts. In view of the three typical timescales of pulses, namely the angular spreading timescale, the dynamic timescale, and the cooling timescale, we propose that the diverse power-law indexes together with the profile evolution of the GRB pulse can be used as an effective probe to diagnose the structure and evolution of the relativistically jetted outflows.
A 3D Radiation Hydrodynamic AGB Binary Model
Authors: Chen 卓 Zhuo 陈 , Ivanova Natalia , Carroll-Nellenback Jonathan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The origin of chemically peculiar stars and nonzero eccentricity in evolved close binaries have been long-standing problems in binary stellar evolution. Answers to these questions may trace back to an intense mass transfer during the asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) binary phase. In this work, we use AstroBEAR to solve the 3D radiation hydrodynamic equations and calculate the mass transfer rate in AGB binaries that undergo the wind-Roche-lobe overflow or Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton (BHL) accretion. MESA produces the density and temperature of the boundary condition of the AGB star. To improve the resolution of the dynamics of a circumbinary disk, we implement an azimuthal angle dependent 3D radiation transfer. We consider optically thin cooling and obtain the number density of the coolants by solving Saha equations. One of the goals of this work is to illustrate the transition from the wind-Roche-lobe overflow to BHL accretion. Both circumbinary disks and spiral structure outflows can appear in the simulations. Circumbinary disks may form when the optical thickness in the equatorial region increases. The increase of the optical thickness is due to the deflected wind. The resulting mass transfer efficiency in our models is up to a factor of 8 times higher than what the standard BHL accretion scenario predicts, and the outflow gains up to 91% of its initial angular momentum when it reaches 1.3 binary separations. Consequently, some AGB binaries may undergo orbit shrinkage, and some will expand. The high mass transfer efficiency is closely related to the presence of the circumbinary disks.
Sampling event dataset for ecological monitoring of riparian restoration effort in Colorado foothills
Authors: Levy Richard , Paces Margo , Hufft Rebecca 
Published: April 2020

The foothills and shortgrass prairie ecosystems of Colorado, United States, have undergone substantial and sustained anthropogenic habitat change over the past two centuries. Riparian systems have been dramatically altered by agriculture, hydrological engineering, urbanisation and the introduction of non-native invasive species. In 2016, Denver Botanic Gardens began a restoration effort of Deer Creek which seeks to modify the hydrology of the creek by mimicking the effects of beaver dams with artificial structures. The site, owned by the US Army Core of Engineers and managed by Denver Botanic Gardens, had been the subject of previous botanical surveys. With the initiation of the restoration project, permanent transects were established along the stream and are sampled for ground vegetation richness and abundance, canopy cover, soil and stream conditions and aquatic macroinvertebrate community makeup on an annual basis. To provide a means for tracking any post-intervention changes in the riparian ecosystem, this resource reports all recorded occurrences and measurements, along with methodologies and motivations from past and current surveys in the form of a sampling event dataset.
The current project and past surveys document 382 plant taxa and 157 aquatic macroinvertebrate taxa. A total of 16304 occurrences and 7422 measurements are included in the resource. Occurrence and measurement data taken from transects provide a means to measure species abundance, ground cover and other biotic and abiotic characteristics relevant to assessing the effects of hydrological restoration on riparian plant communities.
Les Peintres du bagne de Cayenne
Authors: Bendjebbar André 
Published: April 2020

Du début du XIX e siècle à la fin du XX e siècle, l'imaginaire des bagnes s'est ancré dans la culture populaire française. Qu'ils aient été portuaires puis coloniaux, structures de « correction » pour mineurs ou établissements pénitentiaires pour militaires punis, ce qu'il est convenu de nommer les « bagnes » a touché, au total, des centaines de milliers de Français. Il en est résulté des images et des Mythologies dont ont laissé trace journalistes et romanciers, paroliers de chansons et auteurs dramatiques. Sans oublier le dessin et la gravure, la photographie, puis le cinéma contribuant à former un ensemble aussi riche que complexe. Un ensemble qu'il est possible aujourd'hui d'étudier, de décrypter et d'analyser en retrouvant tout ce qui a contribué à façonner une longue mémoire aux accents tragiques.
« Un palais de justice aux multiples portes ». La diversité des réponses pénales (Israël, Italie, France)
Authors: Coscas-Williams Béatrice , Alberstein Michal 
Published: April 2020

Les concepts de Multidoor Courthouse (palais de justice aux multiples portes) de Frank Sander et de Vanishing Trial (disparition du procès) de Mark Galanter ont depuis longtemps dépassé les frontières du procès civil. Ces concepts qui décrivaient jusqu'alors des phénomènes propres à la justice accusatoire américaine semblent avoir traversé les continents. Cet article propose de présenter l'émergence des phénomènes décrits par Sander et Galanter en Israël, en France et en Italie : les institutions judiciaires israéliennes, italiennes et françaises sont fondées sur des traditions juridiques différentes. Pourtant, ces trois systèmes se sont tournés vers des procédures flexibles adaptées aux besoins d'efficacité et de rapidité. En Israël, l'expansion du Plea Bargaining et l'intégration d'une justice aux multiples portes a remplacé le cœur de la procédure accusatoire, l'audience ( trial ). En France et en Italie, c'est le cœur du procès pénal inquisitoire, l'instruction, qui tend à disparaître au profit d'une diversification des réponses pénales. Ces systèmes sont confrontés aujourd'hui à des défis semblables, principalement celui de replacer l'humain au cœur de la justice pénale.
Analyser la participation des entreprises de sécurité et de défense dans la politique européenne de gestion des frontières par le prisme du travail politique
Authors: Dravigny Josselin 
Published: April 2020

Cet article analyse le rôle des entreprises de sécurité et de défense dans l’action publique européenne en matière de gestion des frontières extérieures. D’une part, nous mettons en évidence le « travail politique » industriel réalisé par ces firmes. Celui-ci consiste en un cadrage contextuel et une représentation d’un secteur industriel « artificiel » (l’industrie de sécurité), pour s’ériger en experts légitimes aux yeux des acteurs gouvernementaux. D’autre part, nous étudions le travail politique institutionnel réalisé par la Commission européenne, qui mobilise le savoir-faire de ces firmes dans une stratégie d’entreprenariat supranational tout en partageant une vision commune du contrôle des frontières par le biais de la technologie. Ce faisant, la Commission a reconfiguré à son avantage les dynamiques institutionnelles propres au domaine JAI, au détriment d’autres acteurs comme le Parlement européen, qui se retrouve relativement écarté d’un champ de pouvoir en formation au niveau européen.
L’Union européenne, une cyberpuissance en devenir ? Réflexion sur la cyberdéfense européenne
Authors: Deschaux-Dutard Delphine 
Published: April 2020

Cet article se penche sur la façon dont l’Union européenne (UE) développe, ces dernières années, une stratégie et des outils de cyberdéfense. Dans un monde de plus en plus connecté, comment l’UE conçoit-elle son rôle dans le cyberespace ? En quoi les initiatives européennes en matière de cyberdéfense traduisent-elles le rapport ambigu de l’Union à la notion de puissance ? Après avoir présenté les aspects stratégiques et institutionnels de la cyberdéfense européenne comme autant de facteurs d’une capacité de cyberdéfense émergente, l’article explore les limites de cette capacité et propose une interrogation sur le rapport entre l’UE et la notion de cyberpuissance.
Een verbod op wraakporno
Authors: Berndsen M. (Michael) 
Published: April 2020

Een verbod op wraakporno
Op 1 januari 2020 is een verbod op misbruik van seksueel beeldmateriaal in werking getreden. Het nieuwe artikel 139h Sr verbiedt het zonder toestemming vervaardigen van seksueel beeldmateriaal, het beschikken over zulk materiaal en het openbaar maken ervan. Bij het wetsvoorstel werden vanuit het parlement en de strafrechtketen de nodige kanttekeningen geplaatst. Ondanks amendementen die de strafbepaling wezenlijk hebben veranderd, is niet aan alle kritiekpunten uit de parlementaire behandeling tegemoetgekomen. In dit artikel wordt artikel 139h kritisch beschouwd, waarbij onder meer de afbakening van de bestanddelen centraal staat (lex certa). Eerst wordt kort stilgestaan bij de aanleiding voor de wetswijziging en de parlementaire behandeling ervan. Vervolgens staat het wetsartikel zelf centraal. Daarna worden enkele knelpunten van deze strafbaarstelling besproken.
Protecting farm animal welfare during intensification: Farmer perceptions of economic and regulatory pressures
Authors: Molnár M , Fraser D 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPig (Sus scrofa) production in Hungary provides a case study in how external pressures influence animal production, animal welfare and intensification. External pressures were explored in 24 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Hungarian pig farmers operating either confinement or alternative systems. Confinement producers reported intense economic pressure because of a power imbalance with the large meat-processing companies that buy their animals. These companies, in the view of the farmers, can source internationally and largely dictate prices. When prices paid by the companies fall below the cost of production, farmers cannot respond by reducing production because of the long time-lags between breeding and marketing; and with their large investment in confinement buildings that are difficult to modify, farmers see little option except to reduce production costs further. Alternative farmers reported being more resilient to economic pressures because they sell into niche markets, use inexpensive technologies, and typically produce a diversity of agricultural products which buffer periods of low profit in any one commodity. The current regulatory system was seen as inadequate to protect animal welfare from economic pressure because it focuses on certain inputs rather than welfare outcomes, does not cover some important determinants of animal welfare, and does not accommodate certain realities of farming. Current subsidies were also seen as an inadequate remedy, and were viewed as inequitable because they are difficult for alternative producers to access. Consumer-choice options, while used by alternative producers, are not available in mainstream markets which demand uniform ‘commodity’ production. The economic constraints that influence animal welfare might be better mitigated by a regulatory system developed with greater consultation with producers, a more equitable subsidy programme, and more developed consumer-choice programmes.
Theory of medical scoring systems and a practical method to evaluate Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) foot health in European zoos
Authors: Ertl N , Wendler P , Sós E , Flügger M , Schneeweis F , Schiffmann C , Hatt J-M , Clauss M 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeveral established models in human and veterinary medicine exist to evaluate an individual health or disease status. Many of these seem unsuitable for further epidemiological research aimed at discovering underlying influential factors. As a case example for score development and choice, the present study analyses different approaches to scoring the foot health of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) living in European facilities. Sum scores with varying degree of detail, and without or with a weighting method, were compared using descriptive statistics, ie kurtosis, skewness, Shannon entropy, total redundancy, their maximum and their actual ranges. With increasing score complexity, a higher level of differentiation was reached. In parallel, the distribution of score frequencies in the population shifted systematically: with the least complex scoring model the pattern indicated a severely unhealthy population with an opposite skew to a hypothetically healthy population, whereas the most complex scoring model indicated a mildly affected population with a skew corresponding to that expected for a healthy population. We propose the latter, in the form of the Particularised Severity Score (ParSev), which accounts for every nail and pad individually and weights the sub-scores by squaring, as the most relevant score for further investigations, either in assessing changes within an elephant population over time, or correlating foot health in epidemiological studies to potentially influencing factors. Our results emphasise the relevance of choosing appropriate scoring models for welfare-associated evaluations, due to implications for the applicability as well as the perceived welfare status of the test population.
Effects of environment and breed on growth performance and meat quality of fattening pigs
Authors: Li J , Han Q , Liu R , Wen P , Ji W , Pan L , Wang C , Zhao P , Liu H , Bao J 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMeat quality is not only influenced by breed but also rearing environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different housing environments on growth performance, carcase traits, meat quality, physiological response pre-slaughter and fatty acid composition in two pig breeds. A total of 120 growing pigs at 60-70 days of age were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design with the breeds (Duroc × Landrace × Large White [D × L × LW] and Duroc × Landrace × Min pig [D × L × M]) and environmental enrichment (barren concrete floor or enriched with straw bedding) as factors. Each treatment was performed in triplicate with ten pigs per replicate. The pigs housed in the enriched environment exhibited a higher average daily gain, average daily feed intake, saturated fatty acid percentage and backfat depth than the pigs reared in the barren environment. Plasma cortisol levels were lower and growth hormone higher in enriched compared to barren pens. The D × L × M pigs showed lower cooking loss compared with the D × L × LW pigs. Moreover, the D × L × M pigs exhibited poor growth performance but had a better water-holding capacity. Only carcase traits and meat quality interaction effects were observed. We concluded that an enriched environment can reduce preslaughter stress and improve the growth performance of pigs and modulate the fatty acid composition of pork products.
Biskop Godske Ahlefeldt og altertavlen i Løjt Kirke
Authors: Bruun Jens 
Published: April 2020

Artiklen søger at give en forklaring på udformningen af billedprogrammet på en stor, kostbar fløjaltertavle, opsat i 1520, altså tre år efter at reformationsoprøret var begyndt med Martin Luthers 95 teser på kirkedøren i Wittenberg, og kun få år før reformationen så småt begyndte at røre på sig i Sønderjylland. Når Løjttavlen således sættes ind i sin dagsaktuelle sammenhæng, er der ét navn, der træder i forgrunden, Godske Ahlefeldt, den sidste katolske biskop over Slesvig Stift. Artiklen blev oprindeligt til på opfordring af afdøde biskop Niels Henrik Arendt, hvis minde den tilegnes.
Lægedækningen i hertugdømmet Slesvig i slutningen af 1700-tallet
Authors: Brix Johannes 
Published: April 2020

I en artikel i Flensburgsches Wochenblat fra 1789, advarer forfatteren på det kraftigste syge mod at henvende sig til kvaksalvere, men opfordrer i stedet til at konsultere en ”rigtig” læge. På baggrund af denne artikel undersøges det for hertugdømmet Slesvigs vedkommende, hvordan mulighederne har været for at komme til en akademisk uddannet læge i slutningen af 1700-tallet og begyndelsen af 1800-tallet samt i hvilket omfang befolkningen benyttede sig af denne behandlergruppes færdigheder. Ved at sammenligne antallet af fysici (embedslæger) i Kongeriget og hertugdømmet Slesvig påvises det desuden, at der var færre indbyggere pr. fysicus i hertugdømmet.