bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient safety incidents in radiology: frequency and distribution of incident types
Authors: Kasalak Ömer , Yakar Derya , Dierckx Rudi AJO , Kwee Thomas C 
Published: June 2020

Background Patient safety incidents may be a valuable source of information to learn from and to prevent future errors. Purpose To determine the distribution of patient safety incident types in radiology according to the International Classification for Patient Safety (ICPS), and to comprehensively review those incidents that were either harmful or serious in terms of risk of patient harm and reoccurrence. Material and Methods The most recent five-year database (2014–2019) of a radiology incident reporting system was evaluated. Results A total of 480 patient safety incidents were included. Top three ICPS incident types were clinical administration (119/480, 24.8%), resources/organizational management (112/480, 23.3%), and clinical process/procedure (91/480, 19.0%). Harm severities were none in 457 (95.2%) cases, mild in 14 (2.9%), moderate in 4 (0.8%), severe in 3 (0.6%), and unknown in one case. Subsequent Prevention Recovery Information System for Monitoring and Analysis (PRISMA) reviews were performed in 4 (0.8%) cases. The three patient safety incidents that caused severe harm (of which one underwent PRISMA review) involved resources/organizational management (n = 1), clinical process/procedure (n = 1), and medication/IV fluids (n = 1). Three other cases (with no harm in two cases and moderate harm in one case) that underwent PRISMA review involved resources/organizational management (n = 2) and medical device/equipment/property (n = 1). Conclusion Radiology-related patient safety incidents predominantly occur in three ICPS domains (clinical administration, resources/organizational management, and clinical process/procedure). Harmful/serious incidents are relatively rare. The standardly and transparently reported findings from this study may be used for healthcare quality improvement, benchmarking purposes, and as a primer for future studies.
Efficacy of herbal medicine (cinnamon/fennel/ginger) for primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xu Yincong , Yang Qinglin , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: June 2020

Objective To assess the efficacy of herbal medicine (cinnamon/fennel/ginger) for treating primary dysmenorrhea. Methods Relevant studies were searched in multiple databases. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was used as the effect indicator for measurement data, and each effect size was given estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Nine studies with 647 patients were selected. Compared with the results in the control group, pain intensity was significantly relieved in the trial group when assessed by the intervention (cinnamon vs. placebo: WMD = 1.815, 95% CI = 1.330–2.301; fennel vs. placebo: WMD = 0.528, 95% CI = 0.119–6.829; ginger vs. placebo: WMD = 2.902, 95% CI = 2.039–3.765), observation period (one cycle: WMD = 2.061, 95% CI = 0.815–3.307; one cycles: WMD = 1.831, 95% CI = 0.973–2.690), and study quality (high quality: WMD = 2.224, 95% CI = 1.488–2.960). Pain duration was significantly shorter in the trial group (cinnamon vs. placebo: WMD = 16.200, 95% CI = 15.271–17.129). No publication bias was observed for either outcome. Conclusions For primary dysmenorrhea, cinnamon/fennel/ginger effectively reduced pain intensity, and cinnamon shortened the duration of pain. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xie Qinfen , Wang Lidong , Zheng Shusen 
Published: June 2020

Background: This meta-analysis explored the correlation between the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) and survival outcomes and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched through October 17, 2019. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the association between CAR and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in pancreatic cancer. Results: The meta-analysis included 11 studies comprising 2271 patients. The pooled results showed that a high CAR was predictive of worse OS (HR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.65-2.06, P < .001), PFS (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.27-1.85, P < .001), and DFS (HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.30-2.41, P < .001). An elevated CAR was also associated with male sex (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.10-1.74, P = .006). Conclusion: Elevated pretreatment CAR effectively predicts inferior survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer and may be a powerful prognostic indicator for these patients.
Acute exacerbation of unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: comparison with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Enomoto Noriyuki , Naoi Hyogo , Aono Yuya , Katsumata Mineo , Horiike Yasuoki , Yasui Hideki , Karayama Masato , Hozumi Hironao , Suzuki Yuzo , Furuhashi Kazuki , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Inui Naoki , Nakamura Yutaro , Suda Takafumi 
Published: June 2020

Background: Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is well known as a life-threatening condition during its clinical course. However, the clinical features and prognosis in AE of unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (AE-UCIIP) remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical features and prognosis of AE-UCIIP compared with those of AE-IPF. Methods: In 187 patients with UCIIP or IPF, 64 patients with AE-UCIIP or AE-IPF, who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital, were retrospectively evaluated. Results: A total of 24 patients with AE-UCIIP were significantly older ( p = 0.011), included more women ( p < 0.001) and never-smokers ( p < 0.001), and showed fewer lung lesions on high-resolution computed tomography ( p = 0.006) than 40 patients with AE-IPF. Incidence of AE-UCIIP was 10.29%/year and was significantly higher than in AE-IPF (Gray’s test, p = 0.008). Prognosis of AE-UCIIP was as poor as that of AE-IPF (log-rank, p = 0.681). Percent-predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) [hazard ratio (HR) 0.934, p = 0.045], and GAP stage within 12 months before AE (HR 3.530, p = 0.023), and partial pressure arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) ratio at AE (HR 0.998, p = 0.016) were significant prognostic factors. Finally, commencement of long-duration (⩾12 h) direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilised fibre column (PMX-DHP) within 2 days after admission significantly improved survival (log-rank, p = 0.038) and was a significant prognostic factor (HR 0.175, p = 0.0039) in AE-UCIIP. Long-duration PMX-DHP showed favourable treatment effects even in the combined group of patients with AE-UCIIP or AE-IPF (log-rank p = 0.002; HR 0.328, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Patients with AE-UCIIP were older and included more women and never-smokers than those with AE-IPF. Prognosis of AE-UCIIP was as poor as that of AE-IPF. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
The popularity of outcome measures used in shoulder arthroplasty literature
Authors: Hijji Fady Y , Cheslik Thomas G , Schneider Andrew D , Schach Blake M , Venkatarayappa Indresh 
Published: June 2020

Introduction Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are frequently utilized within orthopaedics to determine the extent of patient disease and the efficacy of surgical treatments. Shoulder arthroplasty is a common treatment option for a range of pathologies; however, substantial variety exists regarding the instruments used within the published literature, limiting their quality and generalizability. The purpose of the present systematic review is to evaluate the overall number and frequency of outcome measures used in all clinical studies evaluating outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty. Methods This systematic review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies that assessed patient reported outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty, reverse shoulder arthroplasty, and shoulder hemiarthroplasty were obtained from PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases. For each manuscript, the journal, authors, region of origin, level of evidence, and subject/pathology were recorded. The frequency of each reported outcome measure and category. Associations between study characteristics and measure categories were tested using Poisson regression with robust error variance. Results A total of 682 articles were included in the analysis, reporting 42 different PROs. The most popular tools were the Constant-Murley score (49.7%), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Evaluation Form (37.7%), and the Visual Analog Scale (34.3%). A generic outcome tool was used in 287 studies (42.1%), while 645 (94.6%) utilized a shoulder-specific measure and 49 (7.2%) used a disease-specific measure. The use of generic (p<0.001) and disease specific (p<0.001) measures were associated with higher level of evidence. Conclusion Studies assessing patient outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty employ a large range of PRO measuring tools, many of which are non-validated. Furthermore, only a small percentage of studies utilize a combination of tools from different categories despite current recommendations. Consensus on validated and clinically-meaningful tools from multiple categories is necessary to increase the generalizability and applicability of published studies in shoulder arthroplasty literature. Level of Evidence 1
Mentors Expressing What They Value Through Their Writings: Emphasizing the Person in Mathematics
Authors: Seah (佘伟忠) Wee Tiong , Zhang (张侨平) Qiaoping , Bishop Alan J. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: This article identifies an issue in mathematics education, that is, the perceived lack of emphasis in recent times of the roles that the “person” plays in the development of mathematics. The purpose is to examine how values/valuing might contribute to addressing the issue. Design/Approach/Methods: “Data” were collected from several purposeful conversations among the three authors. The conversations were audio-recorded and machine-transcribed. The transcript was then subjected to content analysis to identify themes. Findings: The data analysis yielded two novel approaches to raising learners’ awareness of the humanness of mathematics. One would be to reframe the values that are operationalized when mathematics is taught and learnt, as processes of valuing which teachers and students engage in, respectively. The second approach would be to acknowledge that writers of mathematics/mathematicians are not simply presenting knowledge but are also acting as mentors conveying and transmitting messages about the discipline. Originality/Value: The involvement of the “person” in the development of mathematics is not new knowledge, though it can be made more visible in mathematics education. This article identifies two approaches—valuing and mentoring—which are novel in that they are already part of the pedagogical process and thus, accessible.
Perioperative and Postoperative Factors Influence Quadriceps Atrophy and Strength After ACL Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baron Jacqueline E. , Parker Emily A. , Duchman Kyle R. , Westermann Robert W. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Quadriceps dysfunction after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is common and may affect return to sport due to resulting muscle atrophy and muscle weakness. Purpose: To systematically review the available literature regarding the impact of perioperative and postoperative interventions on quadriceps atrophy and loss of strength after ACL reconstruction. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the 2009 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, and Embase. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score to determine consensus scores. Eligible level 1 or level 2 studies included interventions of perioperative nerve block, intraoperative tourniquet use, postoperative nutritional supplementation, and postoperative blood flow restriction training. Additionally, the included studies quantified postoperative quadriceps measurements such as thigh circumference, quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), isokinetic quadriceps strength, and/or quadriceps electromyographic (EMG) testing. Results: In total, 15 studies met stated inclusion and exclusion criteria with the following intervention types: perioperative nerve block (n = 4), intraoperative tourniquet use (n = 5), postoperative nutritional supplementation (n = 3), and postoperative blood flow restriction (n = 3). Intraoperative tourniquet use resulted in decreased thigh circumference and detrimental EMG changes in quadriceps function in 3 of the 5 included studies. Perioperative femoral nerve blocks were associated with transient decreases in postoperative quadriceps strength, persisting up to 6 weeks after surgery, in 2 of the 4 studies. Postoperative blood flow restriction training augmented quadriceps size and function after ACL reconstruction in 2 of 3 studies. Postoperative nutritional supplementation was associated with increased quadriceps volume and strength in 1 of the 3 studies examined. Conclusion: The peri- and postoperative factors reviewed here may influence quadriceps atrophy and strength after ACL reconstruction. Our results tentatively indicated that blood flow restriction training may be beneficial to the quadriceps after ACL reconstruction and that intraoperative tourniquet use and nerve block administration may be detrimental; however, the strongest finding was that all of these interventions would benefit from further level 1 and 2 evidence studies, including multicenter, randomized controlled trials with extended follow-up, to definitively determine their impact on return to activity.
Challenges Experienced by Physiotherapists in Rehabilitation of Individuals With Poststroke Hemineglect: A Review Study
Authors: Makkar Mridul , Arumugam Narkeesh , Midha Divya 
Published: June 2020

Background: Hemineglect is the inability to sense stimuli given on the paretic side. It is most frequently seen in individuals with left hemiplegia resulting from temporoparietal lobe damage. On the basis of duration poststroke, hemineglect can be acute (<3 months) or chronic (>6 months). The patients experience many challenges in rehabilitation of motor function, cognitive function, and in gaining functional independence. Aim: To identify the challenges faced by physiotherapists in rehabilitation of individuals with poststroke hemineglect. Methodology: Data Identification: An English language literature search using Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Pedro was done. Study Selection: Articles were identified and those which fulfilled the specific requirements were selected. Data Extraction: In accordance with the inclusion criteria, 9 studies done between 1997 and 2017 were reviewed. Results: In this study, we reviewed a number of studies on the treatment of hemineglect which show a variety of treatment options. The various interventions include robotic mirror therapy, repeated parietal theta-burst stimulation, low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation, trunk rotation and scanning training, forced use therapy, prism glass adaptation, movement detection bracelets, each of which have different effects. Conclusion: There are a limited number of studies on the different treatment methods that are currently available. Further research is needed on these treatment methods to prove their efficacy and find a suitable method to overcome the challenges that the patients with hemineglect face at present.
Outcome of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma using R-CHOP: impact of a PET-adapted approach
Authors: Hayden Anna R. , Tonseth Petter , Lee Derrick G. , Villa Diego , Gerrie Alina S. , Scott David W. , Freeman Ciara L. , Slack Graham W. , Farinha Pedro , Skinnider Brian , Yenson Paul R. , Benard Francois , Lo Andrea , Pickles Tom , Wilson Donald , Connors Joseph M. , Sehn Laurie H. , Savage Kerry J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cure rates for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) have improved with the integration of rituximab. However, the type of primary therapy and role of radiotherapy (RT) remains ill-defined. Herein, we evaluated the outcome of PMBCL primarily treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) and the impact of an end-of-treatment (EOT) 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) scan to guide consolidative RT. Patients ≥18 years of age with PMBCL treated with curative intent rituximab-chemotherapy were identified. Prior to 2005, patients were recommended to receive R-CHOP + RT (RT era). Beginning in 2005, EOT PET was used to guide RT and only those with a PET-positive scan received RT (PET era). In total, 159 patients were identified, 94% were treated with R-CHOP and 44% received RT (78% in RT era, 28% in PET era). The 5-year time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort were 80% and 89%, respectively, similar across treatment eras. Overall, 10% had refractory disease. In total, 113 patients had an EOT PET scan: 63% negative and 37% positive with a 5-year TTP of 90% vs 71% and 5-year OS of 97% vs 88%, respectively. For those with Deauville (D)-scored PET scans (n = 103), the 5-year TTP for PET-negative cases by Deauville criteria (D1-D3, DX) was 91%, with inferior outcomes for D5 vs D4 (5-year TTP 33% vs 87%, P = .0002). Outcomes for PMBCL treated with RCHOP are favorable and use of a PET-adapted approach reduces RT in the majority of patients. A small proportion have refractory disease and may benefit from an alternate treatment.
Sirolimus with CSP and MMF as GVHD prophylaxis for allogeneic transplantation with HLA antigen–mismatched donors
Authors: Kornblit Brian , Storer Barry E. , Andersen Niels S. , Maris Michael B. , Chauncey Thomas R. , Petersdorf Effie W. , Woolfrey Ann E. , Flowers Mary E. D. , Storb Rainer , Maloney David G. , Sandmaier Brenda M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sirolimus in addition to cyclosporine (CSP) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis after nonmyeloablative conditioning for HLA class I or II mismatched hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Eligible patients had hematologic malignancies treatable by allogeneic HCT. Conditioning consisted of fludarabine (90 mg/m2) and 2 to 3 Gy total body irradiation. GVHD prophylaxis comprised cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and sirolimus. The primary objective was to determine whether the cumulative incidence of grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD could be reduced to &lt;70% in HLA class I or II mismatched HCT. The study was closed on December 20, 2018. Seventy-seven participants were recruited between April 14, 2011, and December 12, 2018, of whom 76 completed the study intervention. Median follow-up was 47 months (range, 4-94 months). The cumulative incidence of grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD at day 100 was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25-46), meeting the primary end point. The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse morality, relapse/progression, and overall survival was 18% (95% CI, 9-27), 30% (interquartile range, 19-40), and 62% (95% CI, 50-73) after 4 years. In conclusion, the addition of sirolimus to cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil resulted in a lower incidence of acute GVHD, thus translating into superior overall survival compared with historical results. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01251575.
A derived sauropodiform dinosaur and other sauropodomorph material from the Late Triassic of Canton Schaffhausen, Switzerland
Authors: Rauhut Oliver W. M. , Holwerda Femke M. , Furrer Heinz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough sauropodomorph dinosaurs have been known for a long time from the Late Triassic of central Europe, sauropodomorph diversity and faunal composition has remained controversial until today. Here we review sauropodomorph material from the Canton Schaffhausen, Switzerland. The material comes from three different but geographically close localities and represents at least three different taxa. Apart from the common genus Plateosaurus, the material includes remains of two different large, robustly built sauropodomorphs. One of these is described as a new taxon, Schleitheimia schutzi n. gen. et sp., on the basis of an unusual ilium and associated axial and appendicular material. Schleitheimia represents a derived basal sauropodiform and possibly the immediate outgroup to Sauropoda, and thus is the most derived sauropodomorph known from the Late Triassic of Europe. These results thus highlight the diversity of sauropodomorphs in the Late Triassic of central Europe and further indicate widespread sauropodomorph survival across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary.ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDB8A5D5-B41E-49ED-B2B0-075E1310A1B1.
A new indicator for nowcasting employment subject to social security contributions in Germany
Authors: Hutter Christian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractContrary to the number of unemployed or vacancies, the number of employees subject to social security contributions (SSC) for Germany is published after a time lag of 2 months. Furthermore, there is a waiting period of 6 months until the values are not revised any more. This paper uses monthly data on the number of people subject to compulsory health insurance (CHI) as auxiliary variable to better nowcast SSC. Statistical evaluation tests using real-time data show that CHI significantly improves nowcast accuracy compared to purely autoregressive benchmark models. The mean squared prediction error for nowcasts of SSC can be reduced by approximately 20%. In addition, CHI outperforms alternative candidate variables such as unemployment, vacancies and industrial production.