bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent association of atherogenic dyslipidaemia with all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes and modifying effect of gender: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Orsi Emanuela , Penno Giuseppe , Solini Anna , Bonora Enzo , Fondelli Cecilia , Trevisan Roberto , Vedovato Monica , Cavalot Franco , Morano Susanna , Baroni Marco Giorgio , Nicolucci Antonio , Pugliese Giuseppe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIncreased LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease, though this association is attenuated by the widespread use of statins. Moreover, despite attainment of LDL cholesterol goals, a residual cardiovascular risk remains, partly attributed to atherogenic dyslipidaemia, the relationship of which with all-cause death has not been sufficiently explored. This analysis evaluated the independent association of atherogenic dyslipidaemia with total mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes from the Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events Italian Multicentre Study.MethodsThis observational, prospective study enrolled 15,773 patients in 19 Diabetes Clinics throughout Italy in the years 2006–2008. Triglycerides and total and HDL cholesterol were measured by colorimetric enzymatic methods, whereas LDL cholesterol was estimated using the Friedewald formula. Vital status was retrieved on 31 October 2015 for 15,656 patients (99.3%). Participants were stratified by quartiles of triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride:HDL cholesterol ratio (TG:HDL).ResultsA total of 3,602 deaths occurred over a follow-up 7.42 ± 2.05 years (31.0 × 1,000 person-years). In the unadjusted analyses, the highest TG:HDL (but not triglyceride) and the lowest HDL cholesterol quartile were associated with increased death rate and mortality risk. When sequentially adjusting for confounders, including total or LDL cholesterol and lipid-lowering treatment, mortality risk was significantly higher in the highest triglyceride (hazard ratio 1.167 [95% confidence interval 1.055–1.291], p = 0.003) and TG:HDL (1.192 [1.082–1.314], p < 0.0001) and the lowest HDL cholesterol (1.232 [1.117–1.360], p < 0.0001) quartile, though the association of triglycerides and HDL cholesterol disappeared after further adjustment for each other. Interaction with gender was significant only for HDL cholesterol (p = 0.0009). The relationship with death was stronger for triglycerides in males and HDL cholesterol in females, with the latter remaining even after adjustment for triglycerides (1.366 [1.176–1.587], p < 0.0001, for the lowest vs the highest quartile).ConclusionsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, higher triglycerides and TG:HDL and lower HDL cholesterol were independently associated with increased all-cause mortality, with a modifying effect of gender for triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. These data suggest that atherogenic dyslipidaemia, especially TG:HDL, may serve as predictor of death in these individuals.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00715481, 15 July, 2008.
Women and health professionals’ perspectives on a conditional cash transfer program to improve pregnancy follow-up: a qualitative analysis of the NAITRE randomized controlled study
Authors: MARCEAU AURELIE GODARD , Beillard Nicolas Meunier , Deruelle Philippe , Morin Mathieu , Virtos Claude , Eckman-Lacroix Astrid , Debras Elodie , Laforet Laurent , Bardou Marc 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives. Many types of conditional cash transfer (CCTs) programs have been developed and their effects demonstrated, including programs to improve prenatal care, but ethical critiques have included paternalism and lack of informed choice. These criticisms were levelled at the French NAITRE randomized clinical trial, which is assessing a CCT program that promotes prenatal care among women of low socioeconomic backgrounds. We conducted qualitative research to determine if women in the study and health professionals (HP) shared these concerns.Study design. We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional, qualitative study of 26 participating post-delivery women and 8 HP (physicians and midwives, participants and non-participants) to assess their perspectives on CCT, purposively selecting a sample of women with diverse experiences. We excluded women who had miscarried or whose babies had died, or whose new-born suffered from a severe medical condition. We invited health professionals to participate even if they or their center had not participated in the trial. Participants agreed to semi-structured face-to-face or phone interviews, which we recorded as audio and transcribed. Our approach to identifying patterns was inductive; we highlighted topics that repeatedly emerged, characterized them, and organized them into themes.Results. Women expressed surprise that the CCT was offered, but did not perceived it negatively. They never mentioning feeling stigmatized. They described CCT as a significant source of aid for women with limited financial resources. HP described the CCT in less positive terms, e.g., expressing concern about discussing cash transfer at their first medical encounter with women. Though they emphasized ethical concerns about the basis of the trial, they recognized that CCT needed to be evaluated.Conclusion. In France, a high-income country where prenatal follow-up is free, health professionals were concerned that the CCT program would change their relationship with patients and wondered if it was the best use of funding, but women who received a cash incentive said they did not feel stigmatized and indicated that these payments helped them prepare for their baby’s birth. Trial registration: NCT02402855- Clinical Trial – first registration 30 march 2015 -
Continuous Intra-Gastral Monitoring of Intra-Abdominal Pressure in Critically ill Children – A Validation Study
Authors: Kaussen Torsten , Gutting Miriam , Lasch Florian , Boethig Dietmar , Gise Alexander von , Dingemann Jens , Köditz Harald , Jack Thomas , Sasse Michael , Beerbaum Philipp , Böhne Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In critically ill children, detection of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH, >10mmHg) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS, =IAH + organ dysfunction) is paramount and usually monitored through intra-vesical pressures (IVP) as current standard. IVP however carries important disadvantages, being time-consuming, discontinuous, with infection risk through observer-dependent manipulation, and ill-defined for catheter sizes. Therefore, we sought to validate air-capsule-based measurement of intra-gastric pressure (ACM-IGP).Methods: We prospectively compared ACM-IGP with IVP both in-vivo and in-vitro (water-column), according to Abdominal-Compartment-Society validation criteria. We controlled for patient age, admission diagnosis, gastric filling/propulsive medication, respiratory status, sedation levels and transurethral catheters, all influencing intra-abdominal pressure (IAP).Results: In tertiary care PICU setting, finally, n=97 children were enrolled (median age, 1.3 years [range, 0 days -17 years], LOS-PICU 8.0 [1-332] days, PRISM-III-Score 13 [0-35]). In n=2.770 measurements pairs, median IAP was 6.7 [0.9 -23.0] mmHg. n=38 (39%) children suffered from IAH>10mmHg, n=4 from ACS. In-vitro against water-column, ACM-IGP correlated perfectly (r² 0.99, mean bias -0.1±0.5 mmHg, limits-of-agreement (LOA) -1.1/+0.9, percentage error [PE] 12%) as compared with IVP (r² 0.98, bias +0.7±0.6 mmHg, LOA -0.5/+1.9, PE 15%). With larger IVP catheters at higher pressure levels, IVP underestimated pressures against water-column. In-vivo, agreement between either technique was strong (r² 0.95, bias 0.3±0.8 mmHg, LOA -1.3/+1.9mmHg, PE 23%). No impact of predefined control variables on measurement agreement was observed. Conclusions: In a large PICU population with high IAH prevalence, ACM-IGP agreed favourably with IVP. More wide-spread usage of ACM-IGP may improve detection rates of ACS in critically ill children. Trial registration: WHO-ICTRP-No. DRKS00006556 (German Clinical Trial Register). Registeres 12th September 2014, URL: https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00006556
Mind the Gap: an Analysis of the International Health Regulations (2005) Core Capacities to Respond to Outbreaks in Yemen
Authors: Noman Hanan Fadhl , Dureab Fekri , Ahmed Iman , Serouri Abdulwahed Al , Hussein Taha , Jahn Albrecht 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: there are several states which are unable to implement the International Health Regulations’ core capacities to face the urgent public health threats. Yemen is fronting various challenges to response to the recent potential outbreaks and other public health emergencies due to lack of proper strategies and regulations, which are essential to public health security. It has lived under the turmoil of several rounds of internal armed conflict and political instability since 2011. The overall impact of war and conflict on the health system is vividly observable. The aim of this study is to assess the International Health Regulations’ core capacities to respond to outbreaks during the conflict in Yemen. Methods: The study used qualitative data analysis, including desk reviews and in-depth interviews with key informants. This study simulated the World Health Organization's Joint External Evaluation tool to assess the IHR core capacities in Yemen Result: Based on the result of the assessment (with its three core functions of: Prevention, Detection, and Response), the country showed limited or no capacity to prevent and respond to outbreaks, however, it presented demonstrated or developed capacity to detect outbreaks. This signifies an overall poor IHR implementation in Yemen.Conclusion: This study shows that there has been poor implementation of IHR in Yemen, therefore, an urgent intervention is highly need to strengthen the implementation of the IHR core capacities in Yemen.
Impact of Investment Case on Equitable Access on Maternal and Child Health Services in Nepal: Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Thapa Janak Kumar , Stöckl Doris , Sangroula Raj Kumar , Thakur Dip Narayan , Mehata Suresh , Pun Asha , Delius Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Different areas of disparities remain a concern in developing countries like Nepal regarding the utilization of maternal, neonatal and child health services like disparities in education, income, administrative regions, ethnic groups, province-level etc. In order to support equitable outcomes for Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health (MNCH) and to scale-up quality services, an Investment case was launched by developmental partners in the Asia-Pacific region. Investment Case (IC) at the local level aims to develop a coherent plan with local level development plans, which is equitable and responsive to the bottlenecks and the local needs. The study aims to identify the factors affecting equitable access to maternal health services in Nepal.
Methods
The study focuses on the impact of the intervention package developed by applying the investment case (IC) approach in maternal and child health services in Nepal introduced in 2011. Complex sample analysis was carried out to adjust the weight of the sample. Cross tabulation with Confidence Interval (CI) was used to generate weighted disaggregated data. Difference in Difference (DiD) analysis was carried out using a linear regression model. Finally, multivariate linear regression was carried out to figure out the effect of the intervention.
Results
Based on the data, the improvements before and after the intervention were calculated in both the intervention and comparison districts; no variables showed a significant association. Changes were similar for intervention and comparison areas: four antenatal care seeking (DiD=-4.8, p = 0.547 CI= -0.041-0.022), Skill Birth Attendance (SBA) delivery (DiD = 6.6, p = 0.325, CI= -0.010-0.039). Multivariable regression analysis also did not reveal any significant improvement in aggregate outcomes. The intervention did not play a significant role in any variables, i.e., four antenatal care seeking (p-value 0.062), SBA delivery (p-value 0.939).
Conclusion
The IC approach is itself a successful approach in most of the developing countries. After the implementation of IC, some of the MNCH indicators like ANC, SBA delivery have shown improvements in the intervention as well as comparison districts but have not shown significant with the intervention.
Evaluation of the Correlation Between Effort-reward Imbalance and Sleep Quality Among Community Health Workers
Authors: Deng Xuexue , Fang Ronghua , Cai Yaoting 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: A chronic state of imbalance between effort and reward can affect sleep quality. However, few studies have explored the relationship between variables in the ERI model and sleep quality in community health workers in mainland China. We investigated the relationship between effort–reward imbalance and sleep quality in community health workers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2018 and involved 249 registered doctors and 223 registered nurses. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep disorder status of participants. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire was administered to evaluate job-related stress. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the factors related to sleep quality. Results: The ERI ratio of 472 health workers was 1.17 ± 0.22, and 273 health workers (57.84%) had PSQI scores >7. There were statistically significant differences in effort scores, overcommitment scores and the total ERI ratio between the health workers with sleep disorders and those without sleep disorders. The ERI ratio was an independent risk factor for sleep quality; age, education, type of work, shift work, and job title were related to the ERI ratio. Conclusions: This study found that sleep disorders were prevalent, work effort was greater than reward and a positive correlation between effort-reward and sleep quality among the health workers community in China. Managers should pay attention to the factors that influence sleep disorders among community health workers, balance the efforts and rewards of work, and reduce the incidence of sleep disorders.
Spatiotemporal regulation of circular RNA expression during the developmentof skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, and liver in Ningxiang pigs
Authors: Li Biao , Gong Yan , Zhang Yuebo , Kim Kyung Seok , Xiao Yu , Zeng Qinghua , Xu Kang , Duan Yehui , He Jianhua , Ma Haiming , He Jun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

In recent years, thousands of different circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified through comparative analysis of different pig breeds. However, very few studies have investigated the spatiotemporal expression patterns of circRNA during organ development, which is crucial for functional and evolutionary analysis.
Results

In this study, we systematically analyzed circRNAs associated with fatty acid metabolism in the three main organs (muscle, fat and liver) a tfour growth time points (30 d, 90 d, 150 d and 210 d after birth) for Ningxiang pigs, awell-known native pig breed in China known for its excellent meat quality. We identified 61,683 circRNAs and analyzed their molecular characteristics, potential functions, and interactions with miRNAs. The circRNAs exhibited notable spatiotemporal specificity in the form of dynamic expression. At 90 d, the number and complexity of differentially expressed circRNAs in the liver was the highest.We used STEM (Short Time-series Expression Miner) to perform time series analysis on differentially expressed circRNAs and observed that there were multiple model spectra that were significantly enriched with time changes in all three organs. All the significantly changed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs obtained from STEM analysis of each tissue were utilized to confirm that the circRNA and mRNA have a targeting relationship with miRNA. Notably, we screened 2384 (fat), 2672 (muscle) and 9187 (liver) circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network pairs related to developmental time changes. Finally, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to demonstrate the dynamic subcellular localization of circRNA during development.
Conclusion

These data suggest that circRNA is highly abundant in muscle, fat and liver and is dynamically expressed in a spatiotemporal manner. These results suggest that circRNAs play important roles in fat metabolism in Ningxiang pigs. Our findings also provide new ideas and perspectives for the study of Ningxiang pigs' lipid metabolism regulation pathway and meat quality traits.
Optimizing the Acceleration of Cheddar Cheese Ripening Using Response Surface Methodology by Microbial Protease Without Altering Its Quality Features
Authors: Alhelli Amaal , Mohammed Nameer , Hussin Anis Meor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cheddar cheese proteolysis were accelerated employing Penicillium candidum PCA1/TT031 protease into cheese curd. In the present study, several of the significant factors such as protease purification factor (PF), protease concentration and ripening time were optimized via the response surface methodology (RSM). The ideal accelerated Cheddar cheese environment consisted of 3.12 PF, 0.01% (v/v) protease concentration and 0.6/3months ripening time at 10 °C. The RSM models was verified to be the most proper methodology for the maintain of chosen Cheddar cheese. Under this experimental environment, the pH, acid degree value (ADV), moisture, water activity (aw ), soluble nitrogen (SN)%, fat and overall acceptability were found to be 5.4, 6.6, 35%, 0.9348, 18.8%, 34% and 13.6,, respectively of ideal Cheddar cheese. Furthermore, the predicted and experimental results were in significant agreement, which confirmed the validity and reliability of the suggested method. In spite of the difference between the ideal and commercial Cheddar cheese in the concentration of some of amino acids and free fatty acids, the sensory evaluation did not show any significant difference in aroma profile between them.
Co-Existing Serous Epithelial Ovarian cancer with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Jiang Haote , Huang Xiaowan , Li Jianmin , Shan Yunfeng , Xia Jinglin , Zhang Yuyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSerous epithelial ovarian cancer co-existing with primary liver cancer is a rare situation, and only few cases have been reported that patients have multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with ovarian cancer.Case presentationWe present the case of a 57-year-old patient whose imaging examination results suggested liver and ovarian lesions. The patients underwent a positron emission computed tomography that revealed the presence of hypermetabolic areas in bilateral adnexal, uterus and pelvic region. After discussion at the multidisciplinary team meeting, the patient underwent surgery and her pathological results were high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (mixed type), respectively. Complete cytoreduction was successfully performed. Her elevated tumor markers like AFP and CA125 decreased immediately after the operation. Now she has received 4 cycles of chemotherapy. The patient showed good tolerance, and showed no sign of recurrence.ConclusionThe present study delineates a rarely reported case of disease with a relatively high incidence rate. Therefore, further studies are required for the perfection of its diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. This case could be a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer with metastasis of ovarian cancer and other primary tumor.
Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Peucedanum Dhana A. Ham Essential Oil
Authors: Khruengsai Sarunpron , Sripa Teerapong , Rujanapun Narawadee , Charoensup Rawiwan , Pripdeevech Patcharee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The essential oil of Peucedanum dhana A. Ham growing in Thailand was investigated for their volatile compounds and screened for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Forty-two compounds were identified, with the most important compounds being trans-piperitol, o-cymene, β-pinene, γ-terpinene, and limonene. Essential oil of P. dhana has remarkable antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum microbicidal concentration values, ranging from 62.50–250 µg/mL and 250-1,000 µg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity of P. dhana oil was measured using DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity assays. The IC50 values using the DPPH and ABTS method were 9.13 and 9.36 mg/mL, respectively. The total phenolic compounds in P. dhana oil was 183.05 mg GAE/100 g dry weight. The cytotoxic effect of P. dhana oil was tested against Hela, A549, SW480, and 3T3L1 cells. The essential oil had cytotoxicity against all cancer cells, with significant cytotoxicity towards the SW480 cell. The results indicate that the P. dhana essential oil could be used as a source of functional ingredients in food and pharmaceutical applications.
A Novel Biological Approach to Copper Nanoparticles Synthesis: Characterization and its Application Against Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Abboud Mohamed AL 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In nanotechnology, fungi are recognized as a good candidates for the creation of nanomolecules, so offering a cleaner alternative to synthesize novel resources with a varied array of potential requests in therapeutic and manufacturing fields. Materials and methods: In this respect, a novel biological approach Penicillium olsonii have demonstrated excellent synthesis capacity to produce copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Characteristics of CuNPs were detected by variable tools including UV-Vis spectrum, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) Results: UV-Vis spectra with characteristic absorption peak was observed at 565nm. Biomolecules mediating the synthesis and stabilizing the nano-fungicide was studied with FTIR that showed different functional groups. SEM investigations confirmed that size of CuNPs were varied from 6-26 nm. The antifungal activity of CuNPs was evaluated by testing against three phytopathogenic fungi including Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani and Curvularia curvulatat with growth inhibition 86.25, 32.92 and 68.42 %, respectively at 200ppm. F. oxysporum was more affected by CuNPs followed by C. curvulata and F. solani.Conclusion: The current effort established that it's possible to achieve the production of CuNPs by P. olsonii with its fungicidal applicable potential.
Simultaneous Biodegradation of Harmful Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii and Cylindrospermopsin Toxin in Batch Culture by Single Bacillus Strain
Authors: Mohamed Zakaria , Alamri Saad , Hashem Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the capability of a Bacillus flexus strain isolated from decayed cyanobacterial blooms for the bioremediation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) toxin. The algicidal activity of this strain was tested by co-cultivation with C. raciborskii cultures. CYN biodegradation was investigated in the presence of living and heat-inactivated bacterial cells or bacterial filtrate. Living bacterial cells inhibited C. raciborskii growth after 2 days of incubation with complete cell death at day 5. Bacterial filtrate caused a rapid reduction in C. raciborskii growth at the first day, with complete cell lysis at day3. Only living cells of SSZ01 caused reduction in CYN released into the medium during the bacterial decay of C. raciborskii cells. The biodegradation rate of CYN by SSZ01 relied on initial toxin concentrations. The highest rate (42 µg CYN L-1 day-1) was obtained at the higher initial concentration (300 µg L-1), and the lowest (4µg CYN L-1 day-1) was at lower concentration (50 µg L-1). These results suggest that this bacterial strain could be employed to bioremediate cyanobacterial blooms in freshwaters. Also, the application of this bacterium in slow sand filters would give possibilities for degradation and bioremediation of cyanotoxins in drinking water treatment plants.