bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P1473Global work efficiency 3 months after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: prevalence and characteristics of patients with reduced global work efficiency
Authors: Lustosa R , Van Der Bijl P , El-Mahdiui M , Montero-Cabezas J , V Kostyukevich M , Ajmone Marsan N , J Bax J , Delgado V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Global work efficiency (GWE) is an index of left ventricular function derived from echocardiographic speckle tracking derived strain-pressure loops. GWE is calculated as constructive work divided by the sum of constructive and wasted work and expressed as a percentage. The prevalence of reduced GWE after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Aims
To assess GWE in STEMI patients 3 months after the index admission and report on the prevalence and characteristics of patients with impaired GWE.

Methods and results
This retrospective study included 150 patients (111 men, mean age: 60±10 years) with STEMI. They were divided into GWE normal and GWE reduced groups, based on reference values from the EACVI NORRE study. Reduced GWE was observed in 23% of patients. Those with reduced GWE had significantly higher values of CK [3033.62 U/L (±2003.47) vs. 1308.47 U/L (±1309.07); P<0.001] and troponin T [8.43 μg/L (±6.73) vs. 3.49 μg/L (±4.36); P<0.001)] at baseline, as well as significantly higher left ventricular end-diastolic volume [112 ml (±32) vs. 90 ml (±30); P<0.001] and left ventricular end-systolic volume [62 ml (±21) vs. 39 ml (±17); P<0.001] and significantly lower values of left ventricular ejection fraction [46% (±8) vs. 59% (±8); P<0.001] and impaired global longitudinal strain [−13.03% (±2.54) vs. −18.04% (±2.75); P<0.001] at 3 months (Table 1).
Table 1. Patient characteristics GWE normal (N=116) GWE reduced (N=34) P value Age (years) 60 (±10) 58 (±11) 0.224 HR (bpm) 69 (±13) 74 (± 13) 0.063 SBP (mmHg) 138 (±17) 138 (±21) 0.920 DBP (mmHg) 81 (±12) 84 (±15) 0.214 Maximum CK value at baseline (U/L) 1308.47 (±1309.07) 3033.62 (±2003.47) <0.001 Maximum Troponin at baseline (μg/L) 3.49 (±4.36) 8.43 (±6.73) <0.001 Left ventricular end-systolic volume (ml) 39 (±17) 62 (±21) <0.001 Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (ml) 90 (±30) 112 (±32) <0.001 LVEF (%) 59 (±8) 46 (±8) <0.001 GLS (%) −18.04 (±2.75) −13.03 (±2.54) <0.001

Conclusions
Almost one fourth of STEMI patients treated with primary PCI have impaired GWE at 3 months follow-up. Patients with reduced GWE had larger myocardial damage than those with preserved GWE at 3 months.
P1507Role of adjuvant carotid ultrasound in women undergoing stress echocardiography for the assessment of suspected angina with no previous history of coronary artery disease
Authors: Gurunathan S , Shanmuganathan M , Hampson R , Khattar R , Senior R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Traditional risk assessment tools classify the majority of women at low risk despite cardiovascular disease remaining the leading cause of death in women. Additionally conventional stress testing techniques have poor predictive value in women, due to unique pathophysiological mechanisms causing ischaemia in women, and the lower prevalence of obstructive CAD. The study sought to evaluate the role of adjuvant carotid ultrasound (CU) in women attending for stress echocardiography (SE).

Methods and results
415 women (Mean age 62±10 years, 28% Diabetes Mellitus, Mean BMI 28) attending for SE prospectively underwent CU, to assess Carotid Intima-media thickness (CIMT) and the presence of plaque.
47 women (11%) had inducible wall motion abnormalities, and carotid disease (CD) was present in 46% (Carotid plaque in 41%, 15% CIMT >75th percentile). Women with CD were older (65 vs 58 years, p<0.0001), more likely to have Diabetes (41% vs 21%, p=0.0001) and hypertension (67% vs 36%, p<0.01), and had higher pretest probability of CAD (59% vs 41%, p<0.0001). 40% of women classified as low Framingham, were found to have evidence of CD. Conversely, only 40% of women classified as high Framingham risk, had CD.
The positive predictive value of SE for flow-limiting CAD was 51%, but the presence of carotid plaque improved this to 71% (p<0.01). Of all clinical and test parameters, carotid plaque (p=0.001) and SE result (p=0.01) were the only independent predictors of >70% angiographic.

Conclusion
CU significantly improves the accuracy of SE alone for identifying flow-limiting disease on coronary angiography. Non-invasive assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis using CU offers an individualized disease-guided approach in women, where conventional scoring systems offer modest risk stratification.
P1539Aortic pulse wave velocity measured by an oscillometric device independently predicts all-cause mortality in a cohort of 4146 subjects
Authors: Lenkey Z , Illyes M , Kahan T , Boutouyrie P , Laurent S , Molnar F T , Schillaci G A , Viigimaa M , Cziraki A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Assessment of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity by applanation tonometry independently predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, there has been a need for a simpler, user-independent measurement with a validated device, that is applicable even in the primary care setting.

Methods and subjects
4146 subjects (49% men) aged 35–75 years were measured in multiple centers in Hungary. Subjects visited the outpatient department of these centers on their own initiative. The measurement of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) with Arteriograph was performed in addition to taking past medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests. The mean follow-up time of the study was 5.5 years. The number of events (all cause mortality) were provided by the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund. Cox regression analyses were used to identify predictive factors for this endpoint.

Results
The mean age of the study population was 53 years, brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 137±20 and 82±11 mmHg, and heart rate was 70±10 1/min. The mean value of SCORE was 3 in this large cohort. 410 subjects had a registered cerebro-or cardiovascular event before the measurement, the number of smokers was 656 (16%), 1974 subjects were treated with at least one anti-hypertensive drug (48%), while the number of subjects on lipid-lowering, antidiabetic or antiplatelet medication were 807 (19%), 352 (8%) and 398 (17%), respectively. There were 116 fatal events during a mean follow-up of 5.5 years. According to the Cox regression, PWVao is a significant and independent predictor of all cause-mortality and in univariate analysis, a 1.0 m/s increase in PWVao was associated with HR 1.7 [1.47–1.98; p<0.001], for this endpoint.

Conclusion
Aortic pulse wave velocity measured by an invasively validated, simple, oscillometric device predicted all-cause mortality in a large cohort of relatively young subjects of the general population that may improve risk stratification even in the everyday clinical practice or primary care setting.
P1543Causes of death in patients with myocardial infarction, and non-ischemic myocardial injury
Authors: Kadesjo E , Roos A , Siddiqui A J , Sartipy U , Holzmann M J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Information about causes of death in patients with non-ischemic acute and chronic myocardial injury is limited.

Purpose
To explore causes of death, mortality rates and risks of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes of death in patients with type 1 MI (T1MI), type 2 MI (T2MI), and acute and chronic myocardial injury compared with patients without myocardial injury.

Methods
From a cohort of 39,558 patients who visited the ED at our University Hospital during 2011–2014 and who had high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels measured, we identified 3,853 patients with hs-cTnT levels above the 99th percentile value and categorised them into the following groups: i) T1MI, ii) T2MI, iii) acute and iv) chronic myocardial injury. Among these we included all patients who died during follow-up. Causes of death were obtained from the Swedish Cause-of-Death register. All deaths among patients without myocardial injury (n=819) from the same cohort were used for comparison. We calculated incidence rates of cause-specific deaths in the different groups and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age and sex for different causes of death, using patients without myocardial injury as referent.

Results
2,285 patients died during follow-up at a mean age of 76 (±13) years of whom 46% were female. Patients without myocardial injury died at a younger age (mean 70 years) compared with patients in the groups with myocardial injury (mean 79–82 years). The proportion of cardiovascular (CV) deaths were considerably higher in patients with T1MI (48%), T2MI (39%), acute (43%), and chronic (45%) myocardial injury compared with patients with no myocardial injury (25%). 42% of patients without myocardial injury died from cancer, compared with 18% to 24% among patients with different myocardial injury. Age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates for CV-death were similar for T1MI, T2MI and acute myocardial injury (27 per 100 person-years), slightly lower in patients with chronic myocardial injury (22 per 100 person-years) and almost half in patients with no myocardial injury (14 per 100 person-years). The adjusted ORs with 95% CIs for CV death were highest in patients with T1MI (1.99, 1.48–2.69) and acute myocardial injury (1.72, 1.29–2.11), while only marginally lower in patients with T2MI and chronic myocardial injury (1.43, (0.94–2.16), and 1.65, (1.29–2.11) respectively).

Conclusions
Patients with T1MI and acute or chronic myocardial injury have similar risks to die from cardiovascular causes. Patients without myocardial injury died younger and the proportions of cancer-related deaths were twice as high as in the groups with myocardial injury. Proportions and risks of CV-death among patients with T2MI were higher than in patients without myocardial injury, but lower than in patients with T1MI and acute or chronic myocardial injury.

Acknowledgement/Funding
None
P1563CHA2DS2-VASc score predicts mortality and readmission in octogenarian patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Vera Sainz A , Diez Villanueva P , Ariza Sole A , Formiga F , Martinez Selles M , Alegre O , Sanchis J , Marin F , Vidan M , Lopez Palop R , Abu Assi E , Bueno H , Alfonso F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
CHA2DS2-VASc Score is widely used to predict thromboembolic risk in patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF). We ought to study if this score predicts outcomes in elderly patients with Non ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI).

Methods
The multicenter LONGEVO-SCA prospective registry included 532 unselected patients with NSTEMI aged ≥80 years. Data to calculate CHA2DS2-VASc Score were available in 523 patients (98.3%). They were classified according to CHA2DS2-VASc Score: group 1 (score 0–4), and 2 (5–9). We studied outcomes in terms of mortality or readmission at 6 months follow-up.

Results
A total of 266 patients (51%) had a high CHA2DS2-VASc Score (group 2). They were more often women, with more cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension or diabetes mellitus, and history of previous stroke and cardiovascular disease and heart failure (all, p=0.001). Geriatric syndromes (Barthel Index, Lawton Brody, cognitive impairment and frailty) and Charlson index were worse in this group (all, p=0.001). They had poorer clinical status on admission, with worse Killip class and lower left ventricle ejection fraction (all, p=0.001), and developed new onset AF more often during admission (12.4% vs. 6.6%, p=0,024). At six months follow-up, patients in group 2 had higher reinfarction, all cause mortality, and mortality or readmission rates (all, p=0.001). (Table) A CHA2DS2-VASc Score >4 predicted mortality (HR 2,60 [95% CI 1,48–4,55], p<0,001) (Figure 1) and was associated with mortality or readmission at 6 months (HR 2.07 [CI 95% 1.51–2.84], p<0.001).
CHADS VASC2 0–4 (n=257) CHADS >4 (n=266) p Geriatric syndromes   Barthel Index 94 (13) 85 (22) 0.001   Lawton brody 6.2 (2) 4.9 (3) 0.001   Charlson Index 1.5 (1) 3.3 (2) 0.001 Cognitive impairment 0.001   No 201 (79.1) 155 (58.7)   Mild 49 (19.3) 100 (37.9)   Severe 4 (1.6) 9 (3.4) Nutritional risk (MNA-SF*) 122 (48) 149 (57.1) 0.040 Frailty (FRAIL scale) 0.001   Non-frail 111 (43.2) 69 (25.9)   Prefrail 102 (39.7) 101 (38)   Frail 44 (17.1) 96 (36.1) Outcomes at 6 months   Reinfarction 26 (6.9) 16 (13.9) 0.018   Mortality or readmission 111 (28.9) 60 (50.4) 0.001   All cause mortality 38 (9.9) 24 (20.2) 0.003

Conclusions
A CHA2DS2-VASc sore>4 is present in half of octogenarians with NSTEMI and is associated with a poor outcome.
P1566Identification of the cardiovascular threshold limit for serum uric acid. Analysis from a general Italian population
Authors: Virdis A , Casiglia E , Masi S , Desideri G , Tikhonoff V , Muiesan M L , Grassi G , Borghi C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Serum uric acid (SUA) is increasingly recognised as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and total mortality. However, the levels of SUA that discriminate across the different strata of risk for CVD and total mortality remain unknown, complicating the identification of subjects at high or low mortality risk for SUA in clinical practice.

Purpose
In this study we used a large Italian population comprising >3ehz748.0326 subjects to assess the threshold of SUA that increases the risk of total and CVD mortality.

Methods
The URic Acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) study is a regional-basis multicentre cohort study which collected data from prospective studies and databases from different hypertension centres, including subjects with at least one measure of SUA and a follow-up of about 20 years. Total mortality was defined as mortality for any causes, cardiovascular mortality as death due to fatal myocardial infraction, stroke or heart failure. Multivariate dichotomic logistic and Cox regression models were used to confirm the relationship between SUA and mortality status both from cardiovascular and any causes, while ROC curves were used to identify the threshold of SUA that better discriminated people at higher or lower mortality risk.

Results
A total of 22.275 subjects had SUA and mortality information. Logistic regression identified a direct and strong association between SUA and an increased risk of total (OR 1.176, 95% CI 1.127–1.227) and CVD (OR 1.147, 95% CI 1.093–1.203) mortality, independently of other CVD risk factors (age, BMI, LDL cholesterol, diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, alcohol consumption and smoking). Cox models confirmed the presence of an independent association between SUA and any causes (HR 1.123, 95% CI 1.090–1.567) and CVD (HR 1.124, 95% CI 1.081–1.169) mortality. ROC curve analysis identified a cut-off value od SUA [(4.79 mg/dL (95% CI 4.7–5.4 mg/dl)] able to discriminate total mortality status, and a different one [(5.60 mg/dL (95% CI 5.09–5.89 mg/dl)] able to identify CVD mortality status. Multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for confounders confirmed that subjects with SUA >4.79 mg/dl had a significantly higher total mortality (HR 1.293, 95% CI 1.181–1.416) compared to those with SUA <4.79 mg/dl, independently of covariables. Similarly, subjects with SUA >5.60 mg/dl had a significantly higher CVD mortality (HR 1.428, 95% CI 1.273–1.600) than those with SUA <5.60 mg/dl after adjustment for the same confounders.

Conclusion
Levels of SUA that increase the risk of total and CVD mortality are significantly lower than those commonly used for the definition of hyperuricemia in clinical practice. Our data provide the first large evidence of a level of “cardiovascular” SUA that might be used in clinical practice to identify subjects at greater risk of total and CVD mortality.
P1573Chemotherapy-induced vasotoxicity in patients undergoing therapy for breast cancer
Authors: Anastasiou M , Antonopoulos A S , Oikonomou E , Zagouri F , Siasos G , Vogiatzi G , Tsalamandris S , Mistakidi C V , Psaltopoulou T , Bamias A , Dimopoulos M , Tousoulis D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of anthracycline and HER-2 monoclonal antibodies, however the vascular effects of these agents remain less-well studied.

Purpose
To explore the effects of breast chemotherapy on vascular function.

Methods
A total of 57 female patients undergoing breast diagnosed with breast cancer and scheduled for anthracycline-based and HER-2 chemotherapy were included in this study. At baseline, at 3, 6 and 12 months, patients underwent assessment of cardiac function by transthoracic echocardiography, endothelial function assessment by brachial flow mediated dilation (FMD) and assessment of arterial stiffness by carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix).

Results
There was a significant decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) overtime compared to baseline (A). This was paralleled by a significant decrease in brachial FMD at 6 months (B) and a significant increase in PWV compared to baseline (C). There was no significant change in Aix compared to baseline levels (D). Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (expressed by the change in LVEF) was not associated with either the change in FMD or PWV at 6 months.

Conclusions
Breast chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is paralleled by vasotoxicity, which is manifested as endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness. Systemic vasotoxicity is not directly related to cardiotoxicity, suggesting that monitoring of both cardiac and vascular function could be useful in identifying early signs of cardiovascular toxicity.
P1577Incidence, etiologies and predictors of 30-day readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention in end-stage renal disease patients; Analysis from national readmission database
Authors: Hassan H , Krittanawong C , Jazner S , Rangaswami J , Bozorgnia B , Amanullah A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The association of ESRD with short-term readmissions after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been well studied.

Purpose
This study aims to examine he 30-day readmission rate, predictors of readmission and etiologies of readmission in ESRD patients after PCI.

Methods and results
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Readmission Database encompassing 722 US hospitals was used to identify index PCI cases in ESRD patients ≥18 years old. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine the factors associated with risk of 30-day readmission and higher cumulative costs.

Results
We evaluated 96,869 hospitalized patients who survived to discharge after PCI from January through November 2014 and analyzed unplanned readmissions over 30 days after discharge. A total of 11,624 patients (12%) were readmitted within 30 days. Among the readmitted patients, majority of readmissions were due to non-cardiac causes. Nineteen percent had congestive heart failure (HF), 11% had PCI, 2% had coronary artery bypass surgery, and 1.5% died during the readmission. Acute respiratory failure (21%) and infections (14%) compromised majority of non-cardiac causes. Predictors of increased readmissions were female sex (odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01- 1.0, p<0.001), infections (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–2.4, p<0.001), diabetes (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.07–2.63, P<0.001), chronic lung disease (OR 3.16, 95% CI 2.11–4.2, p<0.001), chronic liver disease (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.1–2.23, p<0.001), acute HF (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.12–1.22, p<0.001) and anemia (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.06–1.13, p<0.001).

Conclusion
ESRD patients are at high risk of 30-day readmissions after PCI. Although majority of patients are readmitted with non-cardiac causes, HF and repeat PCI were the most common cardiac etiologies of readmissions. Female sex, infections, chronic liver and lung diseases are independently associated with high risk of 30-day readmission in ESRD patients after PCI.

Acknowledgement/Funding
None
P1581Early blood pressure reduction by intravenous vasodilators associates with acute kidney injury in patients with hypertensive acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Arao Y , Sawamura A , Nakatochi M , Oishi H , Kato H , Yamaguchi S , Haga T , Kuwayama T , Yokoi T , Hiraiwa H , Kondo T , Morimoto R , Okumura T , Murohara T 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
In patients with hypertensive acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), intravenous vasodilators are commonly used. However, little is known about optimal use in blood pressure (BP) management to avoid acute kidney injury (AKI).

Purpose
To investigate the association between systolic BP (SBP) changes in first 6 h and incidence of AKI within 48 h in patients with hypertensive ADHF.

Methods
Post-hoc analysis was performed on a prospectively enrolled cohort. We investigated 245 patients with ADHF and SBP >140 mmHg on arrival (mean age, 76 years; 40% female). We defined “SBP-fall” as maximum percent reduction in SBP 6h after intravenous treatment. AKI was defined as serum creatinine (SCr) ≥0.3 mg/dL, or urine output <0.5 mL/kg/h at 48 h.

Results
Mean SBP, SBP-fall and SCr level at arrival were 180 mmHg, 29.4%, and 1.21 mg/dL, respectively. Sixty-six patients experienced AKI. There were no significant differences in age, NYHA functional class, SBP and SCr at admission between AKI and Non-AKI group. AKI group had the greater SBP-fall compared with Non-AKI (36.7%versus 27.2%, p≤0.0001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that SBP-fall had an independent predictor of AKI (Table). In addition, SBP-fall had positive association with the number of concomitant used intravenous vasodilators in first 6 h (Figure).
Logistic regression analyses for AKI Univariate Multivariate AUC OR 95% CI P OR 95% CI P Ages, years, per 10 years 1.04 0.82–1.33 0.17 0.75 SBP at arrival, per 10 mmHg 1.01 0.93–1.11 0.77 SBP-fall, per 10% 1.49 1.22–1.81 <0.001 1.54 1.24–1.91 <0.001 HR, per 10 beat/min 1.12 1.00–1.25 0.049 1.07 0.95–1.21 0.28 COPD 2.95 1.06–8.21 0.04 3.06 0.99–9.43 0.054 SCr, per 1 mg/dL 1.40 0.83–2.37 0.21 Furosemide i.v. 1.12 0.42–2.95 0.82 Carperitide 3.22 1.69–6.13 0.0002 4.39 2.16–8.93 <0.001 NTG/ISDN i.v. 0.97 0.54–1.74 0.92 CCB i.v. 1.86 0.76–4.53 0.18 OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; AUC, area under the curve; SBP, systolic blood pressure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SCr, serum creatinine; i.v., intravenous; NTG, nitroglycerin; ISDN, isosorbide dinitrate; CCB, calcium channel blocker.
SBP-fall odds ration for AKI

Conclusion
In the first 6h of management for hypertensive ADHF patients, aggressive SBP reduction by the combination use of vasodilator agents predicted the incidence of AKI.