bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une tension dans la culture juridique canadienne : la réticence des tribunaux à l’égard de la mise en oeuvre des droits socioéconomiques
Authors: LeBel Louis 
Published: July 2020

Un colloque tenu récemment à la Faculté de droit de l’Université Laval a souligné des difficultés importantes concernant la reconnaissance et la mise en oeuvre des droits socioéconomiques dans la société canadienne. Une part significative de ces problèmes est attribuée à l’attitude des tribunaux canadiens. Leur règlement dépendrait en grande partie d’un changement d’approche relativement à l’interprétation et à la mise en oeuvre de ces droits par les magistrats.
La question demeure plus complexe. L’étude des rapports entre la magistrature et les autres pouvoirs révèle un souci de préservation et d’un équilibre institutionnel encadré par des principes constitutionnels fondamentaux qu’expriment aussi des méthodes souples d’intervention judiciaire. Le même examen rappelle que la responsabilité de la mise en oeuvre de ses droits fondamentaux relève certes, pour une part, des tribunaux, mais qu’elle constitue une sphère d’action partagé entre les éléments constitutifs de l’État et de la société canadienne. Les instruments constitutionnels fondamentaux n’appartiennent pas seulement aux juges canadiens.
LA GASTRONOMIA COM A RECURS D’ATRACCIÓ TURÍSTICA A CULLERA (VALÈNCIA) / / / \ \ \ GASTRONOMY AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION RESOURCE IN CULLERA (VALENCIA)
Authors: Armengot Calabuig Teresa 
Published: July 2020

Resumen. Más allá del hecho que sea un fenómeno relativamente reciente, la gastronomía, como recurso de atracción turística, ha ido adquiriendo relevancia en España. La presente investigación trata sobre si existe un turismo gastronómico en el municipio valenciano de Cullera, conocido por la oferta de sol y playa y por su importante patrimonio, que hacen privilegiada esta zona del litoral. Este municipio compatibiliza las actividades derivadas de la industria turística con una economía tradicional, como es el cultivo del arroz, el cítrico y la huerta que son muy valorados, puesto que tienen una historia arraigada de costumbres y tradiciones, que han ido desarrollando nuevas tendencias y productos abiertos hoy al mercado internacional. En Cullera, las playas, el patrimonio y la restauración son las herramientas potenciales de oferta turística. Pero, ¿existe un verdadero turismo gastronómico en Cullera?

Palabras clave: producto local, tradiciones, degustar, hostelería, reconocimiento.

Resum. Més enllà del fet que siga un fenomen relativament recent, la gastronomia, com a recurs d’atracció turística, ha anat adquirint rellevància a Espanya. La present recerca tracta sobre si existeix un turisme gastronòmic en el municipi valencià de Cullera, conegut per l’oferta de sol i platja i pel seu important patrimoni, que fan privilegiada aquesta zona del litoral. Aquest municipi compatibilitza les activitats derivades de la indústria turística amb una economia tradicional, com és el cultiu de l’arròs, el cítric i l’horta que són molt valorats, ja que tenen una història arrelada de costums i tradicions, que han anat desenvolupant noves tendències i productes oberts hui al mercat internacional. En Cullera, les platges, el patrimoni i la restauració són les ferramentes potencials d’oferta turística. Però, existeix un veritable turisme gastronòmic a Cullera?

Paraules clau: producte local, tradicions, degustar, hostaleria, reconeixement.

Abstract. Beyond the fact that it is a relatively recent phenomenon, gastronomy, as a tourist attraction, has become increasingly important in Spain. The present research is about whether there is a gastronomic tourism in the Valencian municipality of Cullera, known for the sun and beach offer and its important heritage, which make this area of the coast privileged. This municipality is compatible with the activities of the tourist industry with a traditional economy, such as rice growing, citrus cultivations and orchard growing, which are highly valued, since they have a history rooted in customs and traditions, which have been developing new trends and products open today in the international market. In Cullera, beaches, heritage and catering industry are potential tools for the tourist offer. But, is there a real gastronomic tourism in Cullera?

Key words: local product, traditions, taste, hostelry, recognition.
EL PATRIMONIO CULTURAL Y EL PAISAJE DE LA PROVINCIA DE VALENCIA COMO CAPITAL TERRITORIAL / / / \ \ \ THE CULTURAL HERITAGE AND LANDSCAPE OF THE PROVINCE OF VALENCIA AS THE TERRITORIAL CAPITAL
Authors: Iranzo García Emilio , Hermosilla Pla Jorge 
Published: July 2020

Resumen. La provincia de Valencia como sistema territorial cuenta con diversos componentes de tipo ambiental y cultural que se articulan, dándole estructura, y que influyen en las alternativas de progreso. Dichas piezas del sistema territorial configuran el paisaje provincial y muchas de ellas, además, son consideradas como patrimonio cultural. Patrimonio y paisaje intervienen en la creación de identidades colectivas, así como en los procesos de desarrollo territorial, cuestión sobre la que nos centramos en este artículo.

Palabras clave: capital territorial, recurso, patrimonio cultural, paisaje, desarrollo local, provincia de Valencia.

Abstract. Valencia, as territorial system, has various components articulated that give structure and influencing alternatives progress. These parts of the provincial territorial system form the landscape and many of them are also considered cultural heritage. Heritage and landscape involved in the creation of collective identities and the processes of territorial development, an issue on which we focus in this article.

Key words: territorial capital, resources, cultural heritage, landscape, local development, Valencia.
EMPRENDIMIENTO Y EMPLEABILIDAD EN EL SECTOR TURÍSTICO EN MUJERES RETORNADAS DESDE ESPAÑA Y OTROS PAÍSES A LA PROVINCIA DE EL ORO (CIUDAD DE MACHALA, ECUADOR) / / / \ \ \ ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND EMPLOYABILITY IN THE TOURISM SECTOR OF WOMEN RETURNED FROM SPAIN AND OTHER COUNTRIES TO THE PROVINCE OF EL ORO (CIUDAD DE MACHALA, ECUADOR)
Authors: Martínez Quintana Violante , Ramón Pineda Miguel Ángel 
Published: July 2020

Resumen. El emprendimiento y la empleabilidad en el sector turístico de mujeres inmigrantes retornadas es el objeto de estudio de este trabajo, que se vincula con una de las etapas de la migración experimentada por estas mujeres, y las dificultades de integración laboral en el retorno a su país. La hipótesis de partida afirma que el turismo ofrece amplias oportunidades de progreso laboral a las mujeres retornadas. En primer lugar, se analiza el estado en el que se encuentran los cantones turísticos de la Provincia de El Oro (Ecuador), en especial los más vírgenes y poco explotados como los del interior. En segundo lugar, se efectúan dos Focus Groups para conocer a través de las narrativas los obstáculos que enfrentan en su incorporación al sector turístico, los sectores de mayor dificultad y las trayectorias vitales que han atravesado. Se obtiene que, a pesar del importante potencial formativo que poseen, la experiencia laboral consolidada y el poder adquisitivo alcanzado, no es suficiente para obtener una satisfactoria incorporación laboral en uno de los sectores más ricos y productivos como es el turismo, ya que sus oportunidades de progreso laboral quedan mermadas por factores de género, discriminación y desigualdad principalmente.

Palabras clave: progreso laboral, discriminación, turismo interior, turismo tradicional, inmigrantes.

Abstract. The entrepreneurship and employability in the tourist sector of returned immigrant women is the object of study of this work, which is linked to one of the stages of migration experienced by these women, and the difficulties of labor integration on the return to their country. The starting hypothesis affirms that tourism offers ample opportunities for job advancement to returned women. Firstly, the state in which the tourist cantons of the Province of El Oro are found, especially the most unspoilt and little exploited such as those in the interior, are analyzed. Secondly, two Focus Groups are held to learn through the narratives of the obstacles they face in their incorporation into the tourism sector, the most difficult sectors and the vital trajectories they have gone through. It is obtained that, despite the important training potential they possess, the consolidated work experience and the purchasing power achieved, it is not enough to obtain a satisfactory job incorporation in one of the richest and most productive sectors such as tourism, since its opportunities of labor progress are diminished by factors of gender, discrimination and inequality mainly.

Key words: job progress, discrimination, inland tourism, traditional tourism, immigrants.
The effect of lip closure on palatal growth in patients with unilateral clefts
Authors: Bruggink Robin , Baan Frank , Kramer Gem , Claessens Colet , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Maal Thomas J.J. , Ongkosuwito Edwin 
Published: July 2020

Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare maxillary dimensions and growth in newborns with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP) to healthy newborns before and after cheiloplasty. Additionally, a palatal growth curve is constructed to give more information about the natural growth before surgical intervention.

Methods
Twenty-eight newborns with complete UCLP were enrolled in this study. Multiple plaster-casts of each child during their first year were collected and grouped in before and after cheiloplasty. A previous developed semi-automatic segmentation tool was used to assess the maxillary dimensions and were compared to a healthy control group. Z-scores were calculated to indicate differences between the two populations and if cheiloplasty had influence on maxillary growth. Furthermore, the prediction model created in a previous study was used to indicate differences between predictions and the outcome in UCLP measurements. The analysis was tested for inter- and intra-observer variability.

Results
Results show differences in alveolar and palatal shape in UCLP patients in comparison with healthy controls. Prior to cheiloplasty an increased width and alveolar length was observed while the palatal depth was decreased. After cheiloplasty the widths moved towards normal but were still significantly larger.

Conclusion
Infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate show a wider maxillary arch in comparison with the control population. Initial treatment has most influence on the width of the arch, which decreased towards normal.
MDS criteria for the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy overemphasize Richardson syndrome
Authors: Frank Anika , Peikert Kevin , Linn Jennifer , Brandt Moritz D. , Hermann Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMDS‐criteria for clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) were recently published, their usability in a classical clinical setting is yet unknown. We retrospectively applied the new criteria using PSP patients’ case files. Assignment of PSP diagnosis according to the MDS‐criteria was possible in 57/80 cases. The main difference to former specialist classification was a lower phenotype diversity and higher representation of PSP‐RS. Furthermore, we examined those patients’ brain MRIs. While neuroradiologists’ reports were suggestive of PSP only in 11/62, the analysis of a blinded rater revealed pathological midbrain‐to‐pons‐ratio in 40/62 implying this imaging feature is often missed.
Lithiation‐Induced Vacancy Engineering of Co3O4 with Improved Faradic Reactivity for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hu Yuxiang , Wang Zhiliang , Lin Tongen , Zhu Xiaobo , Luo Bin , Hu Han , Xing Wei , Yan Zifeng , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransition metal oxides are promising electrode candidates for supercapacitor because of their low cost, high theoretical capacity, and good reversibility. However, intrinsically poor electrical conductivity and sluggish reaction kinetics of these oxides normally lead to low specific capacity and slow rate capability of the devices. Herein, a commonly used cobalt oxide is used as an example to demonstrate that lithiation process as a new strategy to enhance its electrochemical performance for supercapacitor application. Detailed characterization reveals that electrochemical lithiation of Co3O4 crystal reduces the coordination of the CoO band, leading to substantially increased oxygen vacancies (octahedral Co2+ sites). These vacancies further trigger the formation of a new electronic state in the bandgap, resulting in remarkably improved electrical conductivity and accelerated faradic reactions. The lithiated Co3O4 exhibits a noticeably enhanced specific capacity of 260 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, approximately fourfold enhancement compared to that of pristine Co3O4 (66 mAh g−1). The hybrid supercapacitor assembled with lithiated Co3O4//N‐doped activated carbon achieves high energy densities in a broad range of power densities, e.g., 76.7 Wh kg−1 at 0.29 kW kg−1, 46.9 Wh kg−1 at a high power density of 18.7 kW kg−1, outperforming most of the reported hybrid supercapacitors.
Colloidal Surface Engineering: Growth of Layered Double Hydroxides with Intrinsic Oxidase‐Mimicking Activities to Fight Against Bacterial Infection in Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Wendi , Zhao Yunpeng , Wang Wenhan , Peng Jiangfan , Li Yuanming , Shangguan Yangtao , Ouyang Gege , Xu Mingyang , Wang Shuping , Wei Jingjing , Wei Huiying , Li Weiwei , Yang Zhijie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractColloidal surface engineering is of particular importance to impart modular functionalities to the colloidal systems. Here, a layer of Mn/Ni layered hydroxides (Mn/Ni(OH)x LDHs) can be successfully coated on various colloidal particles, such as silica spheres, silica rods, ferrite nanocrystal supraparticles, as well as FeOOH nanorods. Such layered hydroxides have intrinsic oxidase‐mimetic activities, as demonstrated by catalytic oxidation of tetramethyl benzidine in the presence of oxygen. Furthermore, Mn/Ni(OH)x LDHs structure seems to capture bacteria (both Gram positive and Gram negative) and exhibit antibacterial properties in vitro. Moreover, local delivery of Mn/Ni‐LDH structure fights against infection and reverses delayed wound healing procedures in mice models. Importantly, such hierarchical structures may have strong adhesive properties to the bacteria, which may maximize the contact between Mn/Ni(OH)x LDHs and the bacteria's surface. Overall, the present versatile colloidal surface engineering strategy will bring new insights in the field of antibiotics for its high efficiency toward antibacterial activity.
Self‐Powered Implantable Medical Devices: Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Review
Authors: Zhao Jinwei , Ghannam Rami , Htet Kaung Oo , Liu Yuchi , Law Man‐kay , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. , Michel Bruno , Imran Muhammad Ali , Heidari Hadi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImplantable technologies are becoming more widespread for biomedical applications that include physical identification, health diagnosis, monitoring, recording, and treatment of human physiological traits. However, energy harvesting and power generation beneath the human tissue are still a major challenge. In this regard, self‐powered implantable devices that scavenge energy from the human body are attractive for long‐term monitoring of human physiological traits. Thanks to advancements in material science and nanotechnology, energy harvesting techniques that rely on piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, biofuel, and radio frequency power transfer are emerging. However, all these techniques suffer from limitations that include low power output, bulky size, or low efficiency. Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion is one of the most promising candidates for implantable applications due to their higher‐power conversion efficiencies and small footprint. Herein, the latest implantable energy harvesting technologies are surveyed. A comparison between the different state‐of‐the‐art power harvesting methods is also provided. Finally, recommendations are provided regarding the feasibility of PV cells as an in vivo energy harvester, with an emphasis on skin penetration, fabrication, encapsulation, durability, biocompatibility, and power management.
Thiol‐Branched Solid Polymer Electrolyte Featuring High Strength, Toughness, and Lithium Ionic Conductivity for Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Hangchao , Wang Qian , Cao Xin , He Yunyu , Wu Kai , Yang Jijin , Zhou Henghui , Liu Wen , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) with high energy densities are highly desirable for energy storage, but generally suffer from dendrite growth and side reactions in liquid electrolytes; thus the need for solid electrolytes with high mechanical strength, ionic conductivity, and compatible interface arises. Herein, a thiol‐branched solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is introduced featuring high Li+ conductivity (2.26 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature) and good mechanical strength (9.4 MPa)/toughness (≈500%), thus unblocking the tradeoff between ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness in polymer electrolytes. The SPE (denoted as M‐S‐PEGDA) is fabricated by covalently cross‐linking metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), tetrakis (3‐mercaptopropionic acid) pentaerythritol (PETMP), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via multiple CSC bonds. The SPE also exhibits a high electrochemical window (>5.4 V), low interfacial impedance (<550 Ω), and impressive Li+ transference number (tLi+ = 0.44). As a result, Li||Li symmetrical cells with the thiol‐branched SPE displayed a high stability in a >1300 h cycling test. Moreover, a Li|M‐S‐PEGDA|LiFePO4 full cell demonstrates discharge capacity of 143.7 mAh g−1 and maintains 85.6% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C, displaying one of the most outstanding performances for SPEs to date.
In Situ Preparation of Ionomer as a Tool for Triple‐Phase Boundary Enhancement in 3D Graphene Supported Pt Catalyst
Authors: Gangadharan Pranav K. , Vijayakumar Vidyanand , Nediyirakkal Shijil A. , Fernandez Roshni Tresa , Siddharthan Adhrika V. , Kurungot Sreekumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor improving the performance of platinum electrocatalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), it is important to enhance the Pt utilization level in the catalyst systems. A high performing electrocatalyst (Pt/3DNG) is developed for PEMFC applications by using nitrogen‐doped 3D graphene (3DNG) as the support material and an in situ grafted active “triple‐phase boundary” to more precisely control the formation of the proton conducting ionomer interface at the active sites. Considering the 3D morphology of the system, during the electrode fabrication for realistic single‐cell evaluation, the concept of in situ generation of the proton conducting‐ionomer based “active triple‐phase boundary” is introduced, which could potentially replace the conventional method of using Nafion ionomer for the electrode preparation. The monomers owing to their small‐size can access the pores and inner regions of the 3DNG support, which on UV‐curing, undergo polymerization and transform into an ionomer with an extended interfacial network into the nanoregimes of 3DNG. Single cell evaluation of the membrane electrode assembly in a high‐temperature PEMFC by using phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane demonstrates the utility of the present strategy.
Two Sides of Electrospun Fiber in Promoting and Inhibiting Biomedical Processes
Authors: Wang Zhen , Cui Wenguo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectrospinning is a versatile technique for generating ultrathin fibers, which is widely applied in various biomedical applications. The properties and structures of the fibers are specifically engineered to meet the needs of particular applications. The impact of nanofibrous scaffolds on biological processes is related to the promotion or inhibition of specific cell or bioactive substance functions. Here, a novel analysis of the diverse roles of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds is provided and recent advances in exploiting their binary attributes for applications in biomedicine are summarized. This review initially introduces the development techniques for electrospinning, specifically the engineering of electrospun nanofibers. Then, scaffold applications for cell migration, adhesion, proliferation, and accelerating regeneration in cardiac, nerve, skeletal muscle, bone tissue, and wound healing are presented. Moreover, their inhibitory properties in cancer treatments, antibacterial applications, anti‐adhesion, anti‐scarring, and inhibition of thrombus formation are summarized. Eventually, the potential for future work using multifunctional, electrospun, nanofibrous scaffolds, in order to further inspire the development of scaffolds for biomedical treatments is summarized and discussed.
Persistent Regulation of Tumor Hypoxia Microenvironment via a Bioinspired Pt‐Based Oxygen Nanogenerator for Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Synergistic Phototherapy
Authors: You Qing , Zhang Kaiyue , Liu Jingyi , Liu Changliang , Wang Huayi , Wang Mengting , Ye Siyuan , Gao Houqian , Lv Letian , Wang Chen , Zhu Ling , Yang Yanlian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMultifunctional nanoplatforms for imaging‐guided synergistic antitumor treatment are highly desirable in biomedical applications. However, anticancer treatment is largely affected by the pre‐existing hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), which not only causes the resistance of the tumors to photodynamic therapy (PDT), but also promotes tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Here, a continuous O2 self‐enriched nanoplatform is constructed for multimodal imaging‐guided synergistic phototherapy based on octahedral gold nanoshells (GNSs), which are constructed by a more facile and straightforward one‐step method using platinum (Pt) nanozyme‐decorated metal–organic frameworks (MOF) as the inner template. The Pt‐decorated MOF@GNSs (PtMGs) are further functionalized with human serum albumin‐chelated gadolinium (HSA‐Gd, HGd) and loaded with indocyanine green (ICG) (ICG‐PtMGs@HGd) to achieve a synergistic PDT/PTT effect and fluorescence (FL)/multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT)/X‐ray computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The Pt‐decorated nanoplatform endows remarkable catalase‐like behavior and facilitates the continuous decomposition of the endogenous H2O2 into O2 to enhance the PDT effect under hypoxic TME. HSA modification enhances the biocompatibility and tumor‐targeting ability of the nanocomposites. This TME‐responsive and O2 self‐supplement nanoparticle holds great potential as a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform for the multimodal imaging‐guided synergistic phototherapy of solid tumors.