bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age of First Exposure to Soccer Heading and Sensory Reweighting for Upright Stance
Authors: Caccese Jaclyn B. , Santos Fernando V. , Yamaguchi Felipe , Jeka John J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUS Soccer eliminated soccer heading for youth players ages 10 years and younger and limited soccer heading for children ages 11–13 years. Limited empirical evidence associates soccer heading during early adolescence with medium-to-long-term behavioral deficits. The purpose of this study was to compare sensory reweighting for upright stance between college-aged soccer players who began soccer heading ages 10 years and younger (AFE ≤ 10) and those who began soccer heading after age 10 (AFE > 10). Thirty soccer players self-reported age of first exposure (AFE) to soccer heading. Sensory reweighting was compared between AFE ≤ 10 and AFE > 10. To evaluate sensory reweighting, we simultaneously perturbed upright stance with visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive stimulation. The visual stimulus was presented at two different amplitudes to measure the change in gain to vision, an intra-modal effect; and change in gain to galvanic vestibular stimulus (GVS) and vibration, both inter-modal effects. There were no differences in gain to vision (p=0.857, η2=0.001), GVS (p=0.971, η2=0.000), or vibration (p=0.974, η2=0.000) between groups. There were no differences in sensory reweighting for upright stance between AFE ≤ 10 and AFE > 10, suggesting that soccer heading during early adolescence is not associated with balance deficits in college-aged soccer players, notwithstanding potential deficits in other markers of neurological function
Exploring the Potential of Traditional Herbs in the Management of
Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview
Authors: Singh Soumya , Kushwaha Poonam , Gupta Sujeet Kumar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication in diabetes that affects
eyes and is responsible for most visual impairment in diabetic patients.
Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80% of those who have had
diabetes for 20 years or more. At least 90% of new cases could be
reduced with proper treatment and monitoring of the eyes. The longer a
person has diabetes, the higher his or her chances of developing diabetic
retinopathy. Hence, it compels need for its prevention and cure. There is an
increasing interest in natural products in pharmacotherapy as the chemical
diversity of natural products has better matches than the diversity of
synthetic compounds. The current review summarises the potential of leading
traditional herbs like Azadirachta indica, Ginkgo biloba,
Anisodus tanguticus, Pinus pinaster, Salvia
miltiorrhiza, Stephania tetrandra and Gymnema sylvestre in
the management and potential reversal of DR-related pathogenesis. It also
discusses the probable mechanism of actions, which are based on
epidemiological, in-vitro and in-vivo studies carried out
within past few years. Graphical
Abstract.
STATUS OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN REGULAR VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS
Authors: Kumari Suchetha , K. Jayaprakash Shetty , V. Sharada ,   Chandrika,   Kathyayani
Published: May 2020

AbstractOxygen free radicals and products of oxidative cell damage are known as biomarkers that escalate in the pathophysiology of many diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate association between blood donation and total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde(MDA). The levels of MDA and total antioxidant capacity(TAC) were studied in serum of 90 male voluntary blood donors aged from 20 to 45 years attending K. S. Hegde charitable hospital, Blood bank, for determination of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, respectively. The donors were divided into nine groups depending on number of blood donation. With increase in number of blood donation the serum MDA level were significantly reduced (p>0.01) but total antioxidant activity was significantly increased (p>0.01). High frequency of blood donors had evidence of decreased lipid peroxidation and enhanced activity of total antioxidants when compared with low frequency blood donors. which can be considered as one of the fringe benefits of regular blood donation.
COMPARISON OF THE AMOUNT OF APICAL EXTRUSION OF BACTERIA FOLLOWING THE USE OF DIFFERENT INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES – AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: Hegde Mithra N. , Thatte Snehal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the amount of extrusion of bacteria beyond the apical foramen after instrumentation with Crown down and Step-back techniques using a manual and engine driven nickel-titanium instruments
Materials and Methods: Seventy-five mandibular premolars with similar dimensions were used for the study. Access cavities prepared and root canals contaminated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis. The contaminated teeth were then divided into three experimental groups. Group 1(Crowndown group) divided into two: Group 1–A Hand files: root canals were instrumented using K-files and Group 1B – Rotary files: root canals were instrumented using ProTaper instruments. Group II (Step-back group) divided into two: Group II A– Hand files: root canals were instrumented using K-files and group II B–Rotary files: the root canals were instrumented using Light Speed LSX instruments. Group III (control group): no instrumentation was done.Bacteria were extruded after preparation were collected into vials, microbiological samples were incubated in culture media for 24hrs. The CFUs were determined for each sample. The data obtained was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U-tests.
Result: There was a significant difference in the amount of bacteria extruded by both Crowndown and Step-back. The Step- back hand method extruded significantly more bacteria when compared with Crowndown hand technique.
Conclusion: All instrumentation techniques extruded intracanal bacteria apically. There was a significant difference in both the engine driven instrumentation techniques, while the hand instrumentation by Step-back extruded more bacteria.
RADIO ULNAR SYNOSTOSIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Avadhani Ramakrishna , S. Bindhu , U. Dhanesh Kumar K. , Kumar Arunachalam ,   Vikram
Published: May 2020

AbstractCongenital radio-ulnar synostosis is caused by a failure of segmentation between the radius and ulna. It occurs rarely, with approximately 350 cases reported. Congenital radioulnar synostosis is equally affected in males and females with half of patients showing bilateral involvement. While most cases of congenital radio-ulnar synostosis occur spontaneously around one in five cases is associated with a family history of the same affliction. This condition can also occur as part of an underlying syndrome or in association with other developmental abnormalities. Congenital radio ulnar synostosis is diagnosed by clinicians through medical history and careful physical examination. X-rays or CT scans are be used to confirm the deformity. The diagnosis of congenital radio-ulnar synostosis is more often made in late childhood or at adolescence, as pain is rarely a complaint and much mobility of elbow flexion and extension preserved. In relatively mild cases, when patients themselves may notice subtle limitations or differences in forearm rotation the diagnosis is typically made at an earlier age.
MULTIPLE BILATERAL ANOMALIES OF CAROTID ARTERIES - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Avadhani Ramakrishna , Chakravarthi K. Kalyan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAnatomical variations of carotid arterial system which are not infrequently encountered have a great impact on the surgical approaches of the neck. Although the described individual variations of the carotid arteries are well-known in the literature, the combination of anomalies reported in this case has not been, to the best of our knowledge, previously described. We present a rare case of high bifurcation of the common carotid artery, unusual tortuosity (''S”-shape) of the common carotid and external carotid arteries, anomalous origin of the superior thyroid artery and linguofacial trunk on both sides. The anomalies in the present case were compared with those reported before. The embryogenesis of such a combination of anomalies is not clear, but the anatomic consequences may have important clinical implications.
FIBROMA OF OVARY PRESENTING AS MEIGS' SYNDROME - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Rajesh Aparna , Kanagal Deepa , Shetty Harish , Shetty Prasanna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMeigs' syndrome is a rare but well known syndrome defined as the association of ascites, pleural effusion and a benign solid ovarian tumor usually a fibroma in which tumor removal leads to complete resolution of pleural and peritoneal effusions. We report a case of Meigs' syndrome in a post menopausal woman which mimicked ovarian malignancy creating a diagnostic dilemma where the lady had complete recovery after surgery. Considering the good prognosis of Meigs' syndrome, prompt and accurate diagnosis is necessary to differentiate the syndrome from other ovarian malignancies.
HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM WITHOUT DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN A YOUNG PATIENT PRESENTING AS PNEUMONIA - A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Aroor Akshatha Rao , Attar Nazir Rahim , S. Rama Prakasha , S. Dileep K. , Sharma Raghav , Prakash P. S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report a 40 year old male who presented with fever, dyspnoea, right sided pleuritic chest pain and hemoptysis. His physical examination and chest X-ray revealed features of right sided consolidation with pleural effusion. Worsening of his condition despite adequate antibiotic therapy prompted us to consider an alternative cause. Repeat ECG after 3 days showed S1q3T3 pattern. CT angiogram evidenced thrombus in right pulmonary artery and doppler study of both the lowerlimbs showed normal superficial and deep venous system. Hypercoagulation workup revealed high levels of homocysteine. This is a rare case report of hyperhomocysteinemia presenting as pulmonary embolism without documented deep vein thrombosis, and the patient presented with classical clinical and radiological findings of pneumonia.
ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS CAN SURVIVE EXTREME CHALLENGES - OVERVIEW
Authors: Halkai Rahul , Hegde Mithra N. , Halkai Kiran 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis is a micro-organism that can survive extreme challenges. Its pathogenicity ranges from life-threatening diseases in compromised individuals to less severe conditions, systemic diseases such as endocarditis, brain abscesses, and septicaemia to infection of obturated root canals with chronic apical periodontitis. This article highlights some of the virulence factors of E. faecalis that may be related to endodontic infections and the periradicular inflammatory response. The most-cited virulence factors are aggregation substance, surface adhesins, sex pheromones, lipoteichoic acid, extracellular superoxide production, the lytic enzymes gelatinase and hyaluronidase, and the toxin cytolysin. Each of them may be associated with various stages of an endodontic infection as well as with periapical inflammation. While some products of the bacterium may be directly linked to damage of the periradicular tissues, a large part of the tissue damage is probably mediated by the host response to the bacterium and its products.
SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES ON HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Authors: Nayak Malathi G. , Geroge Anice ,   Sharada
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Every society has its own traditional beliefs and practices related to health care. Some practices are effective whereas others may be harmful or ineffective. These beliefs and practices are linked to culture, environment and education. Health workers must have concern for the community's cultural values and beliefs so that they can utilize the harmless practices for effective use as well as eliminate harmful practices. Objectives of the study were to explore the adults perception on health and illness, Identify the health care seeking behavior and to find the relationship between perceptions on health and illness with the study variables.
Method: Explorative cross sectional survey study was conducted among rural adults in the selected villages of Udupi district. The study subjects (75) were interviewed through a questionnaire and selected by purposive sampling
Results: Data shows that majority (52.9%) of them were in the age group of 20-40 years and most (76.6%) of them were females. 52% were illiterate and 73% were lived in nuclear family. 64% of the samples take the decision to seek medical help by themselves. Majority of the samples (85%) perceived that yoga and exercises reduces the health risks. Most of the samples (70%) perceived smoking, alcohol, using unsafe water & food, multiple sex partner, stress, obesity, are the risk factors to cause the diseases.
Conclusion: Present study samples perceived diseases like epilepsy, tuberculosis, leprosy is due to sin of god and past sins. Further studies may require giving awareness program on particular area to remove such false beliefs.
Long-term Impact of Adenotonsillectomy on the Quality of Life of Children with Sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: Caixeta Juliana Alves Sousa , Sampaio Jessica Caixeta Silva , Costa Vanessa Vaz , Silveira Isadora Milhomem Bruno da , Oliveira Carolina Ribeiro Fernandes de , Caixeta Luiz Claudio Alves Sousa , Avelino Melissa Ameloti Gomes 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Adenotonsillectomy is the first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children. The physical benefits of this surgery are well known as well as its impact on the quality of life (QoL), mainly according to short-term evaluations. However, the long-term effects of this surgery are still unclear.
Objective To evaluate the long-term impact of adenotonsillectomy on the QoL of children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
Method This was a prospective non-controlled study. Children between 3 and 13 years of age with symptoms of SDB for whom adenotonsillectomy had been indicated were included. Children with comorbities were excluded. Quality of life was evaluated using the obstructive sleep apnea questionnaire (OSA-18), which was completed prior to, 10 days, 6 months, 12 months and, at least, 18 months after the procedure. For statistical analysis, p-values lower than 0.05 were defined as statistically significant.
Results A total of 31 patients were enrolled in the study. The average age was 5.2 years, and 16 patients were male. The OSA-18 scores improved after the procedure in all domains, and this result was maintained until the last evaluation, done 22 ± 3 months after the procedure. Improvement in each domain was not superior to achieved in other domains. No correlation was found between tonsil or adenoid size and OSA-18 scores.
Conclusion This is the largest prospective study that evaluated the long-term effects of the surgery on the QoL of children with SDB using the OSA-18. Our results show adenotonsillectomy has a positive impact in children's QoL.
Advances in traceable calibration of cylinder pressure transducers
Authors: Salminen J , Saxholm S , Hämäläinen J , Högström R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Accurate and reliable dynamic pressure measurements are needed for optimizing performance in modern combustion engines, manufacturing processes and aerospace applications. Besides fast pressure transients, these applications subject dynamic pressure transducers to elevated temperatures. Both of these quantities effect the sensitivity of transducers. Therefore, transducers should be calibrated at conditions that corresponds to the operating environment.
To answer these needs, the National Metrology Institute VTT MIKES has developed its drop weight dynamic pressure primary standard further. Developments include improved control and measurement of the falling weight, extension of the pressure range to combustion engine pressures down to 3 MPa and a heating option for dynamic pressure transducers under calibration. These advances enable traceable calibration of cylinder pressure transducers at conditions relevant to engine applications. The overall uncertainty (k = 2) of calibration is estimated to be around 1.7%. The performance was demonstrated by calibrating a piezoelectric pressure transducer in the pressure and temperature range from 7 MPa to 30 MPa in 20 °C, 120 °C and 180 °C, respectively. As a result, traceable calibrations of dynamic pressure transducers can be performed at conditions relevant for engine applications. This improves the reliability and accuracy of in-cylinder pressure measurements.
Satellite-derived foresummer drought sensitivity of plant productivity in Rocky Mountain headwater catchments: spatial heterogeneity and geological-geomorphological control
Authors: Wainwright Haruko M , Steefel Christoph , Trutner Sarah D , Henderson Amanda N , Nikolopoulos Efthymios I , Wilmer Chelsea F , Chadwick K Dana , Falco Nicola , Schaettle Karl Bernard , Brown James Bentley , Steltzer Heidi , Williams Kenneth H , Hubbard Susan S , Enquist Brian J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Long-term plot-scale studies have found water limitation to be a key factor driving ecosystem productivity in the Rocky Mountains. Specifically, the intensity of early summer (the ‘foresummer’ period from May to June) drought conditions appears to impose critical controls on peak ecosystem productivity. This study aims to (1) assess the importance of early snowmelt and foresummer drought in controlling peak plant productivity, based on the historical Landsat normalized-difference vegetation index (NDVI) and climate data; (2) map the spatial heterogeneity of foresummer drought sensitivity; and (3) identify the environmental controls (e.g. geomorphology, elevation, geology, plant types) on drought sensitivity. Our domain (15 × 15 km) includes four drainages within the East Water watershed near Gothic, Colorado, USA. We define foresummer drought sensitivity based on the regression slopes of the annual peak NDVI against the June Palmer Drought Severity Index between 1992 and 2010. Results show that foresummer drought sensitivity is spatially heterogeneous, and primarily dependent on the plant type and elevation. In support of the plot-based studies, we find that years with earlier snowmelt and drier foresummer conditions lead to lower peak NDVI; particularly in the low-elevation regions. Using random forest analysis, we identify additional key controls related to surface energy exchanges (i.e. potential net radiation), hydrological processes (i.e. microtopography and slope), and underlying geology. This remote-sensing-based approach for quantifying foresummer drought sensitivity can be used to identify the regions that are vulnerable or resilient to climate perturbations, as well as to inform future sampling, characterization, and modeling studies.
An electric concentrator and thermal cloaking device
Authors: Raza Muhammad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The concentration and cloaking phenomena of physical fields in Metamaterials has captured the attention of the researchers due to their simplified approaches. However most of the work conducted is focussed on controlling single physical field. Transformation optics has paved the way for developing intelligent bifunctional devices. Bifunctional devices are such controlled devices which execute two different physical functions simultaneously and independently. In this work we have applied the transformation optics theory to design a multilayered two dimensional spherical bifunctional device which behaves like an electric concentrator and thermal invisibility cloak simultaneously. Moreover, we have also observed the normalized behavior of the proposed device. The simulation performance confirms the feasibility of our suggested model.
Rainfall control on Amazon sediment flux: synthesis from 20 years of monitoring
Authors: Armijos E , Crave A , Espinoza J C , Filizola N , Espinoza-Villar R , Ayes  , Fonseca P , Fraizy P , Gutierrez O , Vauchel P , Camenen B , Martiınez J M , Dos Santos A , Santini W , Cochonneau G , Guyot J L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The biodiversity and productivity of the Amazon floodplain depend on nutrients and organic matter transported with suspended sediments. Nevertheless, there are still fundamental unknowns about how hydrological and rainfall variability influence sediment flux in the Amazon River. To address this gap, we analyzed 3069 sediment samples collected every 10 days during 1995–2014 at five gauging stations located in the main rivers. We have two distinct fractions of suspended sediments, fine (clay and silt) and coarse (sand), which followed contrasting seasonal and long-term patterns. By taking these dynamics into account, it was estimated, for first time, in the Amazon plain, that the suspended sediment flux separately measured approximately 60% fine and 40% coarse sediment. We find that the fine suspended sediments flux is linked to rainfall and higher coarse suspended sediment flux is related with discharge. Additionally this work presents the time lag between rainfall and discharge, which is related to the upstream area of the gauging. This result is an important contribution to knowledge of biological and geomorphological issues in Amazon basin.
Poor oral hygiene, oral microorganisms and aspiration pneumonia risk in older people in residential aged care: a systematic review
Authors: Khadka Sangeeta , Khan Shahrukh , King Anna , Goldberg Lynette R , Crocombe Leonard , Bettiol Silvana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
aspiration pneumonia increases hospitalisation and mortality of older people in residential aged care.

Objectives
determine potentially pathogenic microorganisms in oral specimens of older people with aspiration pneumonia and the effect of professional oral care in reducing aspiration pneumonia risk.

Data Sources
PUBMED/MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, COCHRANE, PROQUEST, Google Scholar, Web of Science.

Study Eligibility Criteria
published between January 2001 and December 2019 addressing oral microorganisms, aspiration pneumonia, oral health and treatment.

Participants
people 60 years and older in residential aged care.

Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods
the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Intervention Trials checklist.

Results
twelve studies (four cross-sectional, five cohort and three intervention) reported colonisation of the oral cavity of older people by microorganisms commonly associated with respiratory infections. Aspiration pneumonia occurred less in people who received professional oral care compared with no such care. Isolation of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was related to mortality due to aspiration pneumonia. An interesting finding was isolation of Escherichia coli, a gut bacterium.

Limitations
more information may be present in publications about other co-morbidities that did not meet inclusion criteria. A high degree of heterogeneity prevented a meta-analysis. Issues included sampling size, no power and effect size calculations; different oral health assessments; how oral specimens were analysed and how aspiration pneumonia was diagnosed.

Conclusions and Implications of Key Findings
pathogenic microorganisms colonising the oral microbiome are associated with aspiration pneumonia in older people in residential care; professional oral hygiene care is useful in reducing aspiration pneumonia risk.