bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mountain hikes and Levada Practitioner’s motivation and experience – Characterization
Authors: Fernando Catarina , Lopes Helder , Noite João , Rodrigues Ana , Vieira Sara , Alves Ricardo , Prudente João 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Madeira Island provides excellent conditions for tourism due to its variety of scenarios, weather conditions and topography, and it becomes fundamental to think about the tourists’ experience.
This study aims to understand the practitioner’s motivations on mountains hikes and Levada, and how visitors live the experience.
We applied a ‘QEFENRAM’ survey (Florido, 2010) with 3 main dimensions related to the practitioner’s experience while performing mountain hikes or Levadas: 1. Practitioner’s motivations; 2. Practitioner’s predisposition; 3. Practitioner’s experience.
We obtained 293 replies immediately after the activities’ conclusion (males: 124; female: 169) with the following results: a) Levels of motivation: 52.6% of the participants revelled intrinsic motivation, while 27.1% showed extrinsic motivation; b) Safety: 79.2% reported to be aware of safety measures and to have the necessary competence to perform the activity; c) Practitioners experience: 76.3% reported to be highly focused on their activity and felt to be part of the scenario itself. 10.9% referred to a feeling that, somehow, they were interfering, negatively, with the environment.
These findings can help to characterize the practitioner’s motivations and experience. Based on this information, we can discuss what to improve in the touristic scenarios to refine the experience in Levadas and mountain hikes.
Productivity Bias Hypothesis: New Evidence from Parallel Market Exchange Rate
Authors: Dada James Temitope , Olomola Philip Akanni , Ajide Folorunsho Monsur 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate Productivity Bias Hypothesis (PBH) in Nigeria using parallel (black) market exchange rate.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study focused on Naira-Dollar (N/$) parallel market exchange rate. Quarterly data from 1995 to 2018 were used. Data on domestic productivity and parallel market exchange rate were sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin, 2018 edition. US productivity data was sourced from Federal Reserve Economic Data. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was used as the estimation technique.
Findings: The result reveals that parallel (black) market exchange rate support the presence of productivity bias hypothesis in Nigeria. Furthermore, the purchasing power parity hypothesis was rejected using the conventional unit root test. This implies that using official exchange rate, the study rejects the productivity bias hypothesis.
Research Implications/Limitations: The implication of the study is that exchange rate in Nigeria should be determined freely in the foreign exchange market.
Originality/Value/Contribution: Previous studies have used official exchange rate to test the validity of the productivity bias hypothesis, and the results can be basically described as mixed. Hence, this study differs from extant studies as it examined productivity bias hypothesis using parallel market exchange rate.
A Cluster Analysis on Sustained Global Competitiveness for European Countries
Authors: Kolluru Mythili , Suresh Vidya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) developed by Xavier Salai-Martín, in collaboration with the World Economic Forum, has been measuring the factors that drive the growth and prosperity since 2005. This paper focuses on grouping the European nations according to global competitiveness. It uses the hierarchical and K-means cluster with a particular focus to examine the grouping of countries from 2008 to 2017 and to reduce the complexity in examining the relationship between European countries. The drivers of competitiveness are grouped into 12 critical pillars, namely, institutions, macroeconomic environment, infrastructure, higher education and training, health and primary education, goods market efficiency, financial market development, labor market efficiency, technological readiness, market size, business sophistication, and innovation respectively. The mean score of Europe during the study period was 4.7 and 40% of the European countries were found to be above the average and have been consistently performing well ahead of the average on competitiveness. This study can be generalized to other nations as well as compared with other indexes for exhaustive research that can be useful for policymakers.
Thinking Together Digitalization and Social Innovation in Rural Areas: An Exploration of Rural Digitalization Projects in Germany
Authors: Sept Ariane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Digitalization and social innovation are often discussed separately and without any spatial reference or in relation to cities, although newer works show the importance of social innovation also for rural areas. Existing digitalization projects illustrate the potential of digital technologies for rural development. Current debates on smart villages refer to both digitalization and social innovation but still in a rather unsystematic way. The paper seeks to think together digitalization and social innovation in rural areas more systemically and proposes to conceptually connect them with the help of sensitizing concepts, which are developed out of debates on social and digital social innovation. Along these concepts, the paper explores rural digitalization projects in Germany. On the one hand, this highlights the spectrum of these initiatives and, on the other hand, provides a framework under which digitalization and social innovation can be analyzed and smart villages may be supported systematically.
Non-Monetary Assessment and Mapping of the Potential of Agroecosystem Services in Rural Slovakia
Authors: Makovníková Jarmila , Pálka Boris , Kološta Stanislav , Flaška Filip , Orságová Katarína , Spišiaková Mária 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The updated Slovak National Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 is a key document in the field of biodiversity protection, and assessment together with mapping of the value of different ecosystem services is one of its most important objectives. This study applies the first non-monetary assessment and pilot mapping of agroecosystem services in the Slovak Republic at seven model sites located in the main climatic areas and estimates the agroecosystem services potential of Slovakia as a rural country with a transformed multi-criteria approach used at national level. It suggests that the distribution of the value of agroecosystem services is geographically different probably due to climatic conditions, slope and soil texture. Our assessment provides a suitable basis for further investigation of agroecosystem services and contributes to optimizing sustainable land use management in Slovakia.
The Effect of Loading Type on the Amount of Effect of Loading on the Surface Settlement During Forepoling Tunnel Excavation in Different Geotechnical Conditions
Authors: Norouzi H. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Among the important phenomena caused by tunnel excavations, the settlements on the ground surface can be mentioned, which are particularly important for shallow tunnels excavated in urban areas, and especially when passing under residential areas of cities. Numerous methods such as mathematical (numerical and analytical) ones can be used to predict surface settlement. This study was conducted aimed at using modern techniques such as artificial neural networks to analyze the parameters affecting the occurrence of surface settlement during forepoling tunnel excavation. Tabriz Subway project is a good opportunity to examine the effect of forepoling tunnel excavation the surface settlement in a granular soil with average groundwater level offers. None of the performance parameters (such as the features of the forepoling protective umbrella) and the environmental features (such as the geological effects and tunnel geology) establish a unique relationship with the surface settlement, but several factors together do so. In this study, the forpolling tunnel was modeled using Plaxis software and analyzed in various geotechnical conditions (drained, partially saturated and saturated) under static and dynamic loading. Finally, the values of the surface settlements were examined.
Exponentiated quasi power Lindley power series distribution with applications in medical science
Authors: Hassan A. , Rashid A. , Akhtar N. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present paper introduces an advanced five parameter lifetime model which is obtained by compounding exponentiated quasi power Lindley distribution with power series family of distributions. The EQPLPS family of distributions contains several lifetime sub-classes such as quasi power Lindley power series, power Lindley power series, quasi Lindley power series and Lindley power series. The proposed distribution exhibits decreasing, increasing and bathtub shaped hazard rate functions depending on its parameters. It is more flexible as it can generate new lifetime distributions as well as some existing distributions. Various statistical properties including closed form expressions for density function, cumulative function, limiting behaviour, moment generating function and moments of order statistics are brought forefront. The capability of the quantile measures in terms of Lambert W function is also discussed. Ultimately, the potentiality and the flexibility of the new class of distributions has been demonstrated by taking three real life data sets by comparing its sub-models.
How and why did craft breweries ‘revolutionise’ the beer market? The case of Poland
Authors: Wojtyra Bartosz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Since 2011, when the Pinta Brewery brewed the first AIPA-style beer in Poland, dynamic growth of the craft beer market has been observed. While there were 70 breweries in 2010, in 2019 there were already about 420, most of them small. The number of new beers on the market also increased rapidly each year in the analysed period, from around 80 in 2013 to about 2,500 in 2019. Similar changes were noted in other countries, including the USA, where it was accepted to call this phenomenon ‘the craft beer revolution’. The aim of this paper is to indicate the reasons for the emergence and development of this process, using Poland as a case study. Based on statistical data and content analyses, as well as studying the modern history of the beer market, the distribution of craft beer pubs and the names of craft breweries, this work provides evidence that the proliferation of microbreweries in Poland can be confirmed by concepts such as a resource-partitioning model, neolocalism, path dependence, and the diffusion of innovations.
Diversification of Customer Shopping Styles as a Result of Changes in the Weekly Work Schedules of Retail Outlets
Authors: Cyrek Piotr 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of three studies conducted by the author concerning the preferences of retail outlet customers with regard to the days of the week on which they most frequently purchase general food and non-food merchandise. This issue has become relevant within the context of the enactment of the Act of 10 January 2018 on limiting trade on Sundays, holidays and certain other days. Previous customer shopping styles as regards weekly shopping schedules must have changed. The aim of the article is to identify consumers’ habits and their changes concerning the weekly shopping schedules before and after the Act implementation. The results are based on direct surveys conducted in 2014, 2016 and 2018 among customers in Podkarpackie Province. A descriptive analysis of the results is supported by the statistical test chi square usage. It may be concluded that both in relation to food and non-food merchandise, the implementation of the Act resulted in a decrease in the number of customers engaging in shopping on Sundays. In the case of food items, the shopping activity moved to Mondays and Tuesdays of the following week, the purpose being to resupply. No increase was identified in the number of customers purchasing food on Fridays or Saturdays preceding non-trading Sundays. The opposite was true for non-food merchandise, where non-trading Sundays resulted primarily in increased sales on Saturdays, with minor increases on Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesdays as well. The differences in weekly shopping schedules observed between every edition of the study also proved to be more significant than those identified in the individual respondent classification groups used for the purpose of the article.
Skull morphometric characters in parrots (Psittaciformes)
Authors: Pecsics Tibor , Laczi Miklós , Nagy Gergely , Kondor Tamás , Csörgő Tibor 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Parrots (Psittaciformes) are a unique and diverse avian group and vary tremendously in size, shape, and colour. Mainly distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics, most species of parrots are largely or exclusively arboreal with several exceptions. The species also differ in diet and habitat, which led to different musculoskeletal adaptations of the skull. However, parrots have conspicuous generalized external features; in this recent study, we tried to increase our knowledge of the cranial shape and foraging habits. A geometric morphometric approach was used to analyse two-dimensional cranial landmarks. We used principal component (PC) analyses on measurements that may be related to diet. The PCs described the relative height of the cranium, the relative length and curvature of the beak, differences in the orientation and curvature of the lacrimal bone and the upper margin of orbits, variation in the size and position of the palatine bone and the relative width of the cranium, and variation in the relative size of the neurocranium compared to the viscerocranium. The dietary categories overlap in the morphospace but the analysis in lateral and ventral view resulted in significant differences.
Short report on probable case of Caspian Gull predation on migrating swallows observed at first time
Authors: Litwiniak Klaudia , Przymencki Marcin , Celiński Damian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
At Mietków Reservoir (SW Poland), during the breeding season of 2019, we found 52 dead swallows in Caspian Gull (Larus cachinnans) colony. Most of them were Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica). The bodies of swallows were fresh and torn with traces of bill. We assume that swallows might have been in weak condition and hunted by gulls. They also could die because of bad weather conditions and hypothermia, fell into the water and then were taken. However, to our knowledge, it was the first mass event of feeding on migrating birds by Caspian Gull.
The Structure of Split Questions in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Wei Ting-Chi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article proposes a pro analysis for split questions (SQs) in Chinese, dissimilar to the biclausal account employing focus movement and deletion in Arregi 2010 and the one employing the silent head in Kayne 2015 and Tang 2015. SQ consists of a wh-clause and a tag clause. We argue that the entire SQ is an information/confirmation-seeking question, represented by a Speech Act Phrase (SAP)-shell structure (Speas and Tenny 2003; Oguro 2017, etc.) with wh-clause in its specifier and the tag in its complement. The tag of Chinese SQ is a base-generated clause, [pro (copula) tag ma/ne], composed of an empty subject pro, an optional copula, a tag, and a final particle, instead of being derived from a fully-fledged structure parallel to the wh-part akin to those of English and Spanish SQs. Such a pro analysis overcomes difficulties encountered in the other accounts regarding the distribution of the final particles and their clause-typing, the optionality of the copula, the ubiquitous uses of tag, the connectivity effects, and the island-insensitivity. Analytically, two seeming variants of SQ imply that the derivation of an SQ depends on whether its tag moves and whether a copula exists.
Efficiency and Sustainability Questions of the Agricultural Production in Kosovo
Authors: Shaqiri Fisnik , Vasa László 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper focuses on comparing the economic features of the EU-28 and agricultural industry of Kosovo and also economic and agricultural conditions with some neighbouring countries based on the statistical analyses in the period of 2012 and 2016. Generally, it can be declared that in Kosovo the employment in agriculture is at a very highly level accompanied with less developed machinery level, in spite of the inflation rate at a low level with high portion of the agricultural land of total land area compared to the cases of other neighbouring countries. The international competitiveness of farmers needs for developing the mechanization is accompanied with increasing subsidies for farmers. The lack of capital, less educated and skilled employees in agricultural industry result into some economic difficulties for the further prosperity of the sector in Kosovo. The possible solutions for the agricultural industry in Kosovo are developing the mechanization, common selling-purchasing of farmers, more activities in agricultural services, secondary activities, increasing the subsidies for farmers, attracting farmers for food manufacturing industries, extending the agricultural advisory network and creation of better credit conditions for farmers.
The Nexus between Economic Sentiment Indicator and Gross Domestic Product; a Panel Cointegration Analysis
Authors: Tomić Daniel , Šimurina Jurica , Jovanov Luka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) became the most popular composite indicator within the EU with the purpose of monitoring and/or forecasting business cycles in one country or for a region as a whole. Since it is calculated regularly, on a monthly base, and is based on five distinct confidence indicators, the main concern is whether the ESI can be explained and/or can explain the current, past or future values of relevant macroeconomic variables. This implies its relevance in predicting both short- and long-term economic outcomes of, for example, variation in income, unemployment fluctuations, consumption change, inflation modifications, sectoral alterations and etc. The question that arises often in academic, as well as within the EU decision-making circles is whether the ESI be used as an explanatory variable with valuable information for modelling the national output developments. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to reveal the true strength and significance in the ESI-GDP nexus for the EU. Empirical research is based on panel cointegration analysis that utilizes data on the ESI and GDP over the period 2000-2018 for the EU28 countries. The causal relationship between the variables appears to be consistent in the short- and long-run across the panel, suggesting that ESI movements do explain movements in national output, hence can help both private and public sector decision-makers to evaluate their goals and plan their actions.
Women’s Sexuality and Relationship with Hysterectomy
Authors: Marni Herti , Adnani Syahredi Syaiful 
Published: July 2020

Sexuality is the most complex component, fundamental and main aspects of human behavior and life. Expressions of sexuality and intimacy are important throughout human life.Sexuality itself includes sex, gender identity and role, sexual orientation, eroticism, satisfaction, intimacy and reproduction. Sexuality is experienced and expressed through thoughts, fantasies, beliefs, attitudes, values, behavior, roles and relationships. Although sexuality includes the above dimensions, not everything can be experienced and expressed by everyone. This is influenced by biological, psychological, social, interactions economic, political, cultural, ethical, legal, religious and spiritual. Hysterectomy is a surgical removal of the uterus, which can be done by vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic and robotic routes. The definition of "total hysterectomy" is a surgical procedure to remove the entire uterus with its cervix. In total hysterectomy is also accompanied by suturing in the cervix which will leave scar tissue. the uterine ligament is released, the uterosacral ligament cardinal that was previously attached to the cervix is sewn to the side of the vagina to hold the vagina in place. Three main changes after hysterectomy are anatomical changes, hormonal changes, and psycological changes. Hysterectomy effects women’s sexuality on various ways including sexual desire, sexual arousal, dan orgasmKeywords: sexuality, hysterectomy
HUBUNGAN EDUKASI KESEHATAN TENTANG CEDERA ANKLE DAN TERAPI LATIHANNYA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN PEMAIN FUTSAL
Authors: Jason Yohanes , Arieselia Zita 
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Olahraga futsal termasuk ke dalam 10 olahraga yang paling sering menyebabkan cedera, dengan tingkat insidensi mencapai 55,2 cedera per 10000 jam partisipasi olahraga. Cedera pergelangan kaki atau ankle merupakan cedera yang paling banyak terjadi. Cedera ankle yang tidak ditangani dengan baik bisa berakibat pada chronic ankle instability. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan edukasi kesehatan tentang cedera ankle dan terapi latihannya terhadap tingkat pengetahuan anggota futsal FKIK UAJ.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre-experimental dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, yang dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan Unika Atma Jaya dengan purposive sampling. Edukasi kesehatan diberikan dengan menggunakan alat bantu slideshow dan tingkat pengetahuan diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji t-test berpasangan.
Hasil: Total responden adalah 36 mahasiswa. Tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa sebelum diberikan edukasi kesehatan tentang cedera ankle dan terapi latihannya memiliki nilai rata-rata 66,3 s.d.11,6 (kisaran 40,0 - 93,3) yang meningkat bermakna menjadi rata-rata 78,5 s.d. 6,3 (kisaran 63,3 - 96,7) setelah diberikan edukasi kesehatan tentang cedera ankle dan terapi latihannya (p <0.05, uji t-test berpasangan)Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan anggota Medsoccer setelah pemberian edukasi kesehatan tentang cedera ankle dan terapi latihannya. Untuk itu sebelum memulai suatu olahraga, perlu diberikan pembekalan terkait cedera yang mungkin terjadi.