bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principal component analysis of electroencephalographic activity during sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi)
Authors: Cruz‐Aguilar Manuel Alejandro , Hernández‐Arteaga Enrique , Hernández‐González Marisela , Ramírez‐Salado Ignacio , Guevara Miguel Angel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe study of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during sleep in the spider monkey has provided new insights into primitive arboreal sleep physiology and behavior in anthropoids. Nevertheless, studies conducted to date have maintained the frequency ranges of the EEG bands commonly used with humans. The aim of the present work was to determine the EEG broad bands that characterize sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey using principal component analysis (PCA). The EEG activity was recorded from the occipital, central, and frontal EEG derivations of six young‐adult male spider monkeys housed in a laboratory setting. To determine which frequencies covaried and which were orthogonally independent during sleep and wakefulness, the power EEG spectra and interhemispheric and intrahemispheric EEG correlations from 1 to 30 Hz were subjected to PCA. Findings show that the EEG bands detection differed from those reported previously in both spider monkeys and humans, and that the 1–3 and 2–13 Hz frequency ranges concur with the oscillatory activity elucidated by cellular recordings of subcortical regions. Results show that applying PCA to the EEG spectrum during sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey led to the identification of frequencies that covaried with, and were orthogonally independent of, other frequencies in each behavioral vigilance state. The new EEG bands differ from those used previously with both spider monkeys and humans. The 1–3 and 2–13 Hz frequency ranges are in accordance with the oscillatory activity elucidated by cellular recordings of subcortical regions in other mammals.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Magnesium Boryl and a Beryllium‐Substituted Diazaborole
Authors: Dange Deepak , Paparo Albert , Jones Cameron 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReaction of a lithium boryl, [(THF)2Li{B(DAB)}] (DAB=[(DipNCH)2]2−, Dip=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl), with a dinuclear magnesium(I) compound [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2] (MesNacnac=[HC(MeCNMes)2]−, Mes=mesityl) unexpectedly afforded a rare example of a terminal magnesium boryl species, [(MesNacnac)(THF)Mg{B(DAB)}]. Attempts to prepare the magnesium boryl via a salt metathesis reaction between the lithium boryl and a β‐diketiminato magnesium iodide compound, instead led to an intractable mixture of products. Similarly, reaction of the lithium boryl with a β‐diketiminato beryllium bromide precursor, [(DepNacnac)BeBr] (Dep=2,6‐diethylphenyl) did not give a beryllium boryl, but instead afforded an unprecedented example of a beryllium substituted diazaborole heterocycle, [{(DepNacnac)Be(4‐DAB−H)}BBr]. For sake of comparison, the same group 2 halide precursor compounds were treated with a potassium gallyl analogue of the lithium boryl, viz. [(tmeda)K{:Ga(DAB)}] (tmeda=N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine), but no reactions were observed.
Primary pelvic hydatid cyst in an infertile female, A case report
Authors: Ghafouri Majid , Khorasani Emad Yeganeh , Shokri Azar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is important to consider hydatidosis as a differential diagnosis in all suspected cysts in endemic regions. The wide range of hydatidosis presentations makes it difficult to differentiate from similar symptoms.
Verfahrensübersicht zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff durch Erdgas‐Pyrolyse
Authors: Schneider Stefan , Bajohr Siegfried , Graf Frank , Kolb Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFossiles Erdgas muss mittelfristig zunehmend durch klimaneutrale Gase substituiert werden, um einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Minderung der CO2‐Emissionen im Energiesystem der Zukunft zu leisten. Die Pyrolyse von Erdgas zur Erzeugung von Kohlenstoff (Thermo‐Ruß) ist ein seit Jahrzehnten bekannter Prozess, der in mehreren Verfahren technisch realisiert wurde. In den letzten Jahren ist die Erzeugung von Wasserstoff als Zielprodukt aus diesem Prozess in das Interesse der Forschung gerückt. Bei einer stofflichen Nutzung oder Sequestrierung des dann als Nebenprodukt gebildeten, festen Kohlenstoffs kann Wasserstoff mit geringem CO2‐Fußabdruck aus einem fossilen Energieträger gewonnen werden. Dieser Artikel berichtet den aus der Literatur bekannten Stand der Verfahren und Forschungsansätze zur Erdgas‐Pyrolyse und versucht eine Bewertung der Technologiereife.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the prostate in a young man
Authors: Iwahashi Yuya , Matsumura Nagahide , Kusumoto Hiroki , Ozaki Takashi , Higuchi Masatoshi , Kohjimoto Yasuo , Hara Isao 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionProstate sarcoma is an extremely rare disease with a poor prognosis. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma has never been described in the prostate.Case presentationA 27‐year‐old man complained of frequent urination and dysuria for several years. Various examinations were suggestive of prostate sarcoma. The pathological diagnosis was confirmed as prostate sarcoma via ultrasound‐guided transrectal needle biopsy. Because the location of the tumor in the prostate was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, we performed robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. The final pathological diagnosis was undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Local recurrence occurred at the front of the rectum 2 months after surgery. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initially effective, he died 18 months after surgery.ConclusionUndifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the prostate is believed to have a poor prognosis. When selecting the surgical procedure, functionality should be considered for individual cases with complete resection.
Fixed effects demeaning in the presence of interactive effects in treatment effects regressions and elsewhere
Authors: Petrova Yana , Westerlund Joakim 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe present paper shows that cross‐section demeaning with respect to time fixed effects is more useful than commonly appreciated, in that it enables consistent and asymptotically normal estimation of interactive effects models with heterogeneous slope coefficients when the number of time periods, T, is small and only the number of cross‐sectional units, N, is large. This is important when using OLS but also when using more sophisticated estimators of interactive effects models whose validity does not require demeaning, a point that to the best of our knowledge has not been made before in the literature. As an illustration, we consider the problem of estimating the average treatment effect in the presence of unobserved time‐varying heterogeneity. Gobillon and Magnac (2016) recently considered this problem. They employed a principal components‐based approach designed to deal with general unobserved heterogeneity, which does not require fixed effects demeaning. The approach does, however, require that T is large, which is typically not the case in practice, and the results reported here confirm that the performance can be extremely poor in small‐T samples. The exception is when the approach is applied to data that have been demeaned with respect to fixed effects.
A novel G6PD gene variant in a Chinese girl with favism
Authors: Shen Shanshan , Xiong Qian , Cai Wenqian , Xiong Hao , Hu Xijiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy. The human G6PD gene is highly polymorphic, and over 200 mutations have been identified, many of which are associated with hemolytic anemia. Here, we analyzed the clinical genetics data of a Chinese girl with favism who developed acute hemolytic anemia after fava bean ingestion.MethodsThe clinical genetics data of the proband who developed acute hemolytic anemia were collected and analyzed, and G6PD gene exons were sequenced in the proband and her family.ResultsWe reported for the first time a novel G6PD gene variant in a Chinese girl, which we named “G6PD Wuhan.” This variant is localized exon 3 of the G6PD gene at genomic position 141G > C, that is a change from p.Lys47 to Asn. The bioinformatics analysis and protein modeling study indicated this variant may have negative effects on the enzyme activity of G6PD.ConclusionsOur results indicated that favism in the proband was caused by this novel heterozygous variant (c.141G > C) in G6PD. The variant in G6PD has implications for genetic counseling and could provide insights into the functional roles of G6PD mutations.
Retracted: A landscape of circulating long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profile and the predictive value of candidate lncRNAs for disease risk of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Liu Xuanyi , Li Mian , Zhang Bingyao , Zhang Ning , Feng Qing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the plasma long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profile in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and the value of candidate lncRNAs for predicting KOA risk.MethodsPlasma was obtained for RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) in eight KOA patients and eight healthy controls (Ctrls). Ten candidate lncRNAs were then selected from the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs according to the rank of absolute value of Log2 (fold change). Afterward, RT‐qPCR was used to examine 10 candidate lncRNAs expressions in plasma of 100 KOA patients and 100 Ctrls.ResultsIn eight KOA patients and eight Ctrls, principal component analysis and heatmap plots disclosed that lncRNA and mRNA expression profile could distinguish KOA patients from Ctrls. Then Volcano plot identified 418 upregulated lncRNAs, 347 downregulated lncRNAs, 521 upregulated mRNAs, and 333 downregulated mRNAs in KOA patients compared to Ctrls. Next, enrichment analyses revealed that DE lncRNAs were mainly enriched in biological processes, molecular functions, and signaling pathways related to inflammation and bone formation. In 100 KOA patients and 100 Ctrls, eight candidate lncRNAs were dysregulated in KOA patients compared to Ctrls, including lncRNA ABCF2P2, lncRNA RP13‐16H11.7, lncRNA CTC‐340A15.2, lncRNA RP4‐735C1.6, lncRNA RP11‐293G6‐B.8, lncRNA RP11‐1246C19.1, lncRNA RP11‐303E16.6, and lncRNA RP5‐882C2.2. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that these eight candidate lncRNAs presented with values for predicting KOA risk. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression elucidated that six candidate lncRNAs could independently predict KOA risk.ConclusionWe disclosed a landscape of circulating lncRNA expression profile in KOA patients, and discovered several specific lncRNAs which could assist in KOA management.
AICA‐ribosiduria due to ATIC deficiency: Delineation of the phenotype with three novel cases, and long‐term update on the first case
Authors: Ramond Francis , Rio Marlène , Héron Bénédicte , Imbard Apolline , Marie Sandrine , Billiemaz Kareen , Denommé‐Pichon Anne‐Sophie , Kuentz Paul , Ceballos Irène , Piraud Monique , Vincent Marie‐Françoise , Touraine Renaud 
Published: June 2020

Abstract5‐Amino‐4‐imidazolecarboxamide‐ribosiduria (AICA)‐ribosiduria is an exceedingly rare autosomal recessive condition resulting from the disruption of the bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH (ATIC), which catalyzes the last two steps of de novo purine synthesis. It is characterized biochemically by the accumulation of AICA‐riboside in urine. AICA‐ribosiduria had been reported in only one individual, 15 years ago. In this article, we report three novel cases of AICA‐ribosiduria from two independent families, with two novel pathogenic variants in ATIC. We also provide a clinical update on the first patient. Based on the phenotypic features shared by these four patients, we define AICA‐ribosiduria as the syndromic association of severe‐to‐profound global neurodevelopmental impairment, severe visual impairment due to chorioretinal atrophy, ante‐postnatal growth impairment, and severe scoliosis. Dysmorphic features were observed in all four cases, especially neonatal/infancy coarse facies with upturned nose. Early‐onset epilepsy is frequent and can be pharmacoresistant. Less frequently observed features are aortic coarctation, chronic hepatic cytolysis, minor genital malformations, and nephrocalcinosis. Alteration of the transformylase activity of ATIC might result in a more severe impairment than the alteration of the cyclohydrolase activity. Data from literature points toward a cytotoxic mechanism of the accumulated AICA‐riboside.
Notch signaling at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Vanderbeck Ashley , Maillard Ivan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved cell-to-cell signaling pathway that regulates cellular differentiation and function across multiple tissue types and developmental stages. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of Notch signaling in mammalian innate and adaptive immunity. The importance of Notch signaling is pervasive throughout the immune system, as it elicits lineage and context-dependent effects in a wide repertoire of cells. Although regulation of binary cell fate decisions encompasses many of the functions first ascribed to Notch in the immune system, recent advances in the field have refined and expanded our view of the Notch pathway beyond this initial concept. From establishing T cell identity in the thymus to regulating mature T cell function in the periphery, the Notch pathway is an essential, recurring signal for the T cell lineage. Among B cells, Notch signaling is required for the development and maintenance of marginal zone B cells in the spleen. Emerging roles for Notch signaling in innate and innate-like lineages such as classical dendritic cells and innate lymphoid cells are likewise coming into view. Lastly, we speculate on the molecular underpinnings that shape the activity and versatility of the Notch pathway.
Ammunition Type and Shot Placement Determine Lead Fragmentation in Deer
Authors: Broadway Matthew S. , McCallen Emily B. , Caudell Joe , Stewart Chad M. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTLead remnants from spent ammunition introduce health risks to humans and wildlife that consume game harvested with firearms. Most current research has focused on effects of high‐velocity rifle bullets, whereas low‐velocity lead ammunition has received little attention. We examined whether fragmentation characteristics differed between 3 common low‐velocity ammunition types when shot into the thoracic cavity or shoulder of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) culled in Indiana, USA, from May–September of 2009. We shot and subsequently radiographed 43 deer to determine the number of fragments, fragment size, and distance traveled by individual fragments. We also radiographed deer post‐evisceration to determine the proportion of fragments available to humans and wildlife scavengers for consumption in muscle and visceral tissue, respectively. All radiographed deer had evidence of fragmentation, with a geometric mean of 13.1 (95% CI = 10.3, 16.8) fragments/deer. Most fragments (89%) were <5 mm from wound channels, and no fragment traveled beyond 205 mm from a wound channel. Fragments were often retained within the muscle tissue of deer with a geometric mean rate of 0.55 (95% CI = 0.48, 0.65). Muzzleloader bullet fragments were larger than those generated by rifled and sabot slugs, and sabot slug fragments had the shortest dispersal from wound channels. Shoulder‐shot placement and bone contact for all ammunition resulted in a greater number of fragments (P < 0.01). Shoulder‐shots also generated more small fragments and higher fragment retention in muscle tissue. The overall mean number of lead fragments detected across our ammunition treatments was less than previous studies. Our results indicate ammunition type and shot placement may be considerations for hunters wishing to limit their potential exposure to lead from harvested big game. Additionally, when compared to high‐velocity rifle bullets, significantly fewer lead fragments are made available to humans and wildlife that consume game harvested with low‐velocity ammunition types, such as those tested here. Complete elimination of lead ingestion by humans and wildlife, however, is only possible by using non‐toxic ammunition alternatives. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Low‐costlens antenna for5Gmulti‐beam communication
Authors: Garcia‐Marin Eduardo , Filipovic Dejan S. , Masa‐Campos Jose Luis , Sanchez‐Olivares Pablo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA planar dielectric lens has been designed for low‐cost multi‐beam antennas in the 26‐GHz band of 5G communications. The lens feeder is a stacked‐patch microstrip antenna with four input ports, thus permitting four independent high‐directivity radiation beams. Maximum steering of 25° can be attained, which a simulated gain over 18 dB for all scanning angles. The antenna has been implemented with low‐cost manufacturing techniques. The feeder is fabricated as a printed circuit board, while the lens is realized as a perforated 3D‐printed dielectric piece. Experimental results confirm the multi‐beam capability of the lens system, suggesting that the spillover efficiency can be improved in further works.
The effect of parental depression on the problem behaviour and academic performance of children with asthma
Authors: Han Jeong‐Won , Kim Jung Min , Lee Hanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThis study attempts to determine the factors affecting problem behaviour and academic performance of children with asthma.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional study used actor and partner interdependence model.MethodsData of 236 children and their parents from the 10th Panel Study on Korean Children were used, and analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. We have received panel data from the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education on April 10th, 2019.ResultsParental depression had actor and partner effects on marital conflict, and marital conflict perceived by the father had actor and partner effects on parent–child interactions, while marital conflict perceived by the mother had only actor effect on parent–child interactions. Parent–child interaction perceived by both fathers and mothers was found to affect the problem behaviour of children. The problem behaviour of children affects academic performance.
(S)‐4‐Amino‐5‐phenoxypentanoate designed as a potential selective agonist of the bacterial transcription factor GabR
Authors: Catlin Daniel S. , Reidl Cory T. , Trzupek Thomas R. , Silverman Richard B. , Cannon Brian L. , Becker Daniel P. , Liu Dali 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAddressing molecular recognition in the context of evolution requires pursuing new molecular targets to enable the development of agonists or antagonists with new mechanisms of action. Disruption of transcriptional regulation through targeting transcription factors that regulate the expression of key enzymes in bacterial metabolism may provide a promising method for controlling the bacterial metabolic pathways. To this end, we have selectively targeted a bacterial transcription regulator through the design and synthesis of a series of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivatives, including (S)‐4‐amino‐5‐phenoxypentanoate (4‐phenoxymethyl‐GABA), which are based on docking insights gained from a previously‐solved crystal structure of GabR from Bacillus subtilis. This target was selected because GabR strictly controls GABA metabolism by regulating the transcription of the gabT/D operon. These GabR transcription modulators are selective for the bacterial transcription factor GabR and are unable to bind to structural homologs of GabR due to distinct steric constraints. We have obtained a crystal structure of 4‐phenoxymethyl‐GABA bound as an external aldimine with PLP in the effector binding site of GabR, which suggests that this compound is capable of binding and reacting in the same manner as the native effector ligand. Inhibition assays demonstrate high selectivity of 4‐phenoxymethyl‐GABA for bacterial GabR versus several selected eukaryotic enzymes. Single‐molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) experiments reveal a ligand‐induced DNA distortion that is very similar to that of the native effector GABA, suggesting that the compound functions as a potential selective agonist of GabR.
Morphology‐Controlled Molybdenum Disulfide/Candle Soot Carbon Composite for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Sangabathula Omkar , Potphode Darshna , Sharma Chandra S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFacile assembly of robust electrodes with excellent electrochemical performances is still challenging yet consequential for supercapacitor applications. Although molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has versatile properties, restacking of molybdenum layers and poor intrinsic conductivity restrict to explore it for electrochemical applications. Herein to address these challenges, we utilized candle soot derived carbon to fabricate MoS2/Carbon (C) nanocomposite through a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. The prepared composite delivered specific capacitance of 452.7 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1 in 3 M KOH electrolyte and profound capacity retention and coulombic efficiency of 94.8% and 93.7% after 10,000 charge‐discharge cycles respectively. Furthermore, we fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor device using MoS2/C as the positive electrode and candle soot derived carbon as a negative electrode (MoS2/C // C) which showed excellent energy and power density values with an impressive capacitance retention of 100% over 10,000 cycles. The exceptional electrochemical performance of MoS2/Carbon composite thus indicates the potential application for high‐performance supercapacitor devices.
Development of Highly Efficient Dual‐AAV Split Adenosine Base Editor for In Vivo Gene Therapy
Authors: Chen Yuxi , Zhi Shengyao , Liu Weiliang , Wen Jinkun , Hu Sihui , Cao Tianqi , Sun Hongwei , Li Yang , Huang Li , Liu Yizhi , Liang Puping , Huang Junjiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe adenosine base editor (ABE) is able to catalyze A•T to C•G conversion efficiently and precisely in vivo, representing a new method for gene therapy. Adeno associated virus (AAV) is a well‐studied vector for gene delivery in vivo. However, due to the limited loading capacity of AAV vector (≈4800 bp), it is difficult to package ABE (≈5400 bp) into a single AAV. To tackle this problem, ABE can be split into two smaller parts through intein‐mediated protein trans‐splicing. Here, 14 different split sites of nCas9 (Cas9 nickase) in combination with three different inteins (Mxe, Npu, and Rma) are screened through a GFP‐based reporter system to identify novel split‐ABEs. After infecting HEK293T and HeLa cells with dual AAVs, two split‐ABEs (split‐ABE‐Rma573 and split‐ABE‐Rma674) that can edit the target gene efficiently are identified. Furthermore, these dual‐AAV split‐ABEs can effectively disrupt the splicing acceptor of PCSK9 in mouse liver and the splicing donor of NR2E3 in mouse retina through AI‐MAST strategy. This study provides two new split‐ABEs to investigate gene function in vivo and in gene therapy, representing a new method to treat diseases by precisely repairing point mutations or inactivating genes through the AI‐MAST strategy.