bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chord Length on the Performance of H-Darrieus Wind Turbine with NACA 4415 Airfoil
Authors: Pramono Indro , Ambarita Himsar , Kishinami Koki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The effect of chord length to the performance of an H-Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) was investigated numerically. The turbine blade made of NACA 4155 airfoil. A set of governing equations has been developed. In order to incorporate the turbulence effect, k – epsilon model was adopted. A Computational Fluid Dynamic code has been used to solve the problem. The non-dimensional chord length of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 are investigated. The contour velocity in the computational domain was plotted and discussed. By using the average velocity of the wind leaving the turbine, power coefficient is estimated. The results show that the power coefficient for non-dimensional chord length of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 is 0.51, 0.57, 0.59, and 0.59, respectively. The conclusion here is that non-dimensional chord length strongly affects the power. Increasing the chord length will increase the coefficient power. However, there exists an optimum chord length it is 0.4. Thus, it is suggested to use the non-dimensional chord length of 0.4.
Data Envelopment Analysis for Productivity on Small and Medium Enterprise: A Measurement
Authors: Sari Rahmi M. , Erwin  , Syahputri Khalida , Fattah Ghassan M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Every operator wants SME that can be work optimally, Thus the SME’s productivity projection to have increasement. As a case study, this research conduct in the SMEs that worked in general printing. This research also pursues to measure the productivity of operators. Based on the results of the initial research obtained by the station that most requires physical work is the pod station. The work system in pod station has not designed yet. Therefore, a work system will be designed for the station. First, the operator productivity measurements are carried out. The method used to measure operator productivity is Data Envelopment Analysis. The analysis started by making cycle times, work presentations, and the number of products produced as variables to obtain optimal functions. During the observations made at the SMEs, productive operators were obtained who managed 83.69% on the operator I and II carriers on 79.34%. From the calculation of the DEA, the second operator has the value equal to 1 so that it has passed the threshold of expected quality.
Comparative analysis of technical efficiency between organic and non-organic rice farming in North Sumatera Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Rulianda P , Raihan Ar , Sumono  , Gunawan Dani 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Non-organic farming will deteriorate the land and decrease the total factor productivity, which may result to higher production cost and low crop yield in the long run. However, Indonesian government initiative to become less dependent on non-organic rice farming by encouraging farmer to plant organic rice seems unsuccessful. Nevertheless, the most rice consumed in Indonesia is from non-organic farming. This study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) based on non-parametric approach to measure technical, allocative and economic efficiency. This study found that pesticide and irrigation is underutilized, but fertilizer and labor are being overutilized. Even though most farmer are technically efficient, better efficient input allocation can improve the efficiency. Organic rice farming is less efficient than non-organic farming due to its low crop yield. Farmer with longer education background tend to be less efficient and more inclination toward planting organic rice.
Smart Nation Initiative: Strategy and Implementation
Authors: Fahmi F , Pranoto H , Lubis MS 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Population growth due to urbanization raises a variety of typical urban problems such as decreasing the quality of public services, reducing the availability of residential land, congestion on highways, swelling levels of energy consumption, garbage accumulation, increasing crime rates, and other social problems. These problems are not facing only in cities, but also in regencies, provincial and even at the national level. APIC was formed to answer the need for an organization or collaboration that brings together various stakeholders to solve these problems. The collaboration of various stakeholders in one forum that can synergize all potentials by involving all potential to overcome the problems in a smart way. APIC views the need for an ecosystem that consists of human resources, governance, and adequate technology, which is needed to create smart villages, smart cities, smart regencies, smart provinces and at the end: smart nation. Implementing a smart solution starts with solving a small-distributed problem, but it is carried out appropriately and supported by all regional stakeholders thoroughly through synergy. These solutions are implemented in a strategic, gradual, and continuous manner. One of strategic way proposed was The APIC Innovation & Marketplace Hub that will open Supply & Demand of various Smart solutions (cities, public service providers, companies, etc.) that are tested and validated to be implemented. It required sufficient ecosystem to support the hub that is now undergoing and monitored through the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) to show the status of developing smart city.
Ground-state ferrimagnetism and magneto-caloric effects in Nd2NiMnO6
Authors: Das Ranjan , Yanda Premakumar , Sundaresan A , Sarma D D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Extending our earlier investigation of magnetic properties of Nd2NiMnO6, we show that it exhibits a magnetic transition below ∼6 K to a ferrimagnetic state. This behavior is interpreted as arising from a long-range ordering of Nd moments antiferromagnetically coupled to the ferromagnetic Ni–Mn ordered moments. Due to the richness of its multiple magnetic transitions and the easily influenced magnetic state by the application of an external magnetic field, established in our earlier study, it has a remarkable inverse magneto-caloric effect (IMCE) at low temperatures (T < 50 K) together with a significant conventional magneto-caloric effect (CMCE) at the ferromagnetic ordering temperature (Tc ∼ 200 K). IMCE and CMCE correspond to the antiferromagnetic arrangement of Nd and Ni–Mn sublattices and ferromagnetic ordering of Ni–Mn sublattices, respectively. Nd2NiMnO6 with its second order phase transition follows the universal behavior of ∆SM(T); it also shows a power law dependency on the magnetic field as

Δ

S

M

∝

H

η

.
Inherited dimorphism in cleistogamous flower production in Portulaca oleracea: a comparison of 16 populations growing under different environmental conditions
Authors: Furukawa Tomoyo , Itagaki Tomoyuki , Murakoshi Noriko , Sakai Satoki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Cleistogamy is considered to be an adaptive strategy resulting in plasticity in CH and CL flower production depending on environmental conditions and plant size. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CH and CL flower production in Portulaca oleracea is genetically differentiated among populations in association with climatic conditions.

Methods
First, we conducted growth experiments with P. oleracea seedlings from 16 populations under two temperature conditions. Second, we sowed seeds originating from the parents in the first experiment and grew the resulting plants to investigate whether flower production is heritable and plants in the same population show the same pattern of flower production.

Key Results
Two types of plants that produced only CH or CL flowers (referred to as CH and CL plants, respectively) were mainly observed, and the growing temperature conditions did not affect flower production. The frequency of CL plants increased with a decrease in the mean temperature in the original population. CL plants tended to begin reproduction earlier than CH plants, and the probability that a CH plant would flower decreased under the low-growing temperature conditions. Thus, CL plants may have some advantages in unfavourable environments in which early reproduction is necessary due to a short growing season and/or CH flowers cannot open due to low temperatures. The progeny originating from CH and CL plants also produced only CH and CL flowers, respectively, suggesting that there is a genetic basis for the dimorphism in flower production in P. oleracea, represented by CH and CL plants.

Conclusions
In contrast to the previous hypothesis that the production of both CH and CL flowers would be plastic, the genotypes producing either CH or CL flowers occurred at different frequencies under varying climatic conditions.
Into-India or out-of-India? Historical biogeography of the freshwater gastropod genus Pila (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae)
Authors: Sil Maitreya , Aravind N A , Karanth K Praveen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The biota of the Indian subcontinent was assembled through multiple associations with various landmasses during a period spanning the Late Cretaceous to the present. It consists of Gondwanan elements that subsequently dispersed ‘out-of-India’ and biota that dispersed ‘into-India’ after the subcontinent collided with Asia. However, the relative contribution of these connections to the current biotic assembly of the subcontinent has been under-explored. Our aim here was to understand the relative importance of these various routes of biotic assembly in India by studying the historical biogeography of the tropical Old World freshwater snail genus Pila. We reconstructed a near-complete phylogeny, based on nuclear and mitochondrial markers, of Ampullariidae including all the described Pila species from India and Ampullariids worldwide. Thereafter, molecular dating and ancestral range estimation analyses were carried out to ascertain the time frame and route of colonization of India by Pila. The results showed that Pila dispersed into India as well as other parts of tropical Asia from Africa after both India and Africa collided with Eurasia. Furthermore, multiple dispersals took place between Southeast Asia and India. These findings corroborate increasing evidence that much of the current Indian assemblage of biota actually dispersed ‘into-India’ after it collided with Asia.
Living myocardial slices: a novel multicellular model for cardiac translational research
Authors: Perbellini Filippo , Thum Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Heart function relies on the interplay of several specialized cell types and a precisely regulated network of chemical and mechanical stimuli. Over the last few decades, this complexity has often been undervalued and progress in translational cardiovascular research has been significantly hindered by the lack of appropriate research models. The data collected are often oversimplified and these make the translation of results from the laboratory to clinical trials challenging and occasionally misleading. Living myocardial slices are ultrathin (100–400μm) sections of living cardiac tissue that maintain the native multicellularity, architecture, and structure of the heart and can provide information at a cellular/subcellular level. They overcome most of the limitations that affect other in vitro models and they can be prepared from human specimens, proving a clinically relevant multicellular human model for translational cardiovascular research. The publication of a reproducible protocol, and the rapid progress in methodological and technological discoveries which prevent significant structural and functional changes associated with chronic in vitro culture, has overcome the last barrier for the in vitro use of this human multicellular preparations. This technology can bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo human studies and has the potential to revolutionize translational research approaches.
The parC mutation G248T (S83I), and concurrent gyrA mutations, are associated with moxifloxacin and sitafloxacin treatment failure for Mycoplasma genitalium
Authors: Murray Gerald L , Bodiyabadu Kaveesha , Danielewski Jennifer , Garland Suzanne M , Machalek Dorothy A , Fairley Christopher K , Jensen Jørgen S , Williamson Deborah A , Tan Lit Y , Mokany Elisa , Durukan Duygu , Bradshaw Catriona S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The basis of fluoroquinolone treatment failure for Mycoplasma genitalium is poorly understood.

Methods
To identify mutations associated with failure we sequenced key regions of the M. genitalium parC and gyrA genes for patients undergoing sequential therapy with doxycycline-moxifloxacin (201 patients, including 21 failures) or doxycycline-sitafloxacin (126 patients, including 13 failures).

Results
The parC G248T/S83I mutation was more common among patients who failed sequential doxycycline-moxifloxacin (present in 76.2% of failures vs 7.8% cures, p<0.001) and doxycycline-sitafloxacin (50% failures vs 16.8% cures, p = 0.014). Doxycycline-sitafloxacin was more efficacious than doxycycline-moxifloxacin against infections carrying the ParC S83I mutation. Infections with a ParC S83I were more likely to fail treatment with a concurrent gyrA mutation (M95I or D99N) (for doxycycline- moxifloxacin group p = 0.067, for doxycycline-sitafloxacin group p = 0.0093), suggesting an additive effect.

Conclusions
This study indicates that parC G248T/S83I mutations contribute to failure of moxifloxacin and sitafloxacin, and will inform the development of quinolone resistance assays needed to ensure optimal selection of antimicrobials for M. genitalium.
Evaluation of a Single-Dose Nucleoside-Modified Messenger RNA Vaccine Encoding Hendra Virus-Soluble Glycoprotein Against Lethal Nipah virus Challenge in Syrian Hamsters
Authors: Lo Michael K , Spengler Jessica R , Welch Stephen R , Harmon Jessica R , Coleman-McCray JoAnn D , Scholte Florine E M , Shrivastava-Ranjan Punya , Montgomery Joel M , Nichol Stuart T , Weissman Drew , Spiropoulou Christina F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the absence of approved vaccines and therapeutics for use in humans, Nipah virus (NiV) continues to cause fatal outbreaks of encephalitis and respiratory disease in Bangladesh and India on a near-annual basis. We determined that a single dose of a lipid nanoparticle nucleoside-modified messenger RNA vaccine encoding the soluble Hendra virus glycoprotein protected up to 70% of Syrian hamsters from lethal NiV challenge, despite animals having suboptimally primed immune responses before challenge. These data provide a foundation from which to optimize future messenger RNA vaccination studies against NiV and other highly pathogenic viruses.
Persistent colonization of non-lymphoid tissue-resident macrophages by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Takahashi Ichiro , Hosomi Koji , Nagatake Takahiro , Toubou Hirokazu , Yamamoto Daiki , Hayashi Ikue , Kurashima Yosuke , Sato Shintaro , Shibata Naoko , Goto Yoshiyuki , Maruyama Fumito , Nakagawa Ichiro , Kuwae Asaomi , Abe Akio , Kunisawa Jun , Kiyono Hiroshi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed that lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacteria (e.g. Alcaligenes spp.) survive within dendritic cells. We extended our previous study by investigating microbes that persistently colonize colonic macrophages. 16S rRNA-based metagenome analysis using DNA purified from murine colonic macrophages revealed the presence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The in situ intracellular colonization by S. maltophilia was recapitulated in vitro by using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Co-culture of BMDMs with clinically isolated S. maltophilia led to increased mitochondrial respiration and robust IL-10 production. We further identified a 25-kDa protein encoded by the gene assigned as smlt2713 (recently renamed as SMLT_RS12935) and secreted by S. maltophilia as the factor responsible for enhanced IL-10 production by BMDMs. IL-10 production is critical for maintenance of the symbiotic condition, because intracellular colonization by S. maltophilia was impaired in IL-10-deficient BMDMs, and smlt2713-deficient S. maltophilia failed to persistently colonize IL-10-competent BMDMs. These findings indicate a novel commensal network between colonic macrophages and S. maltophilia that is mediated by IL-10 and smlt2713.
Developing a scalable FHIR-based clinical data normalization pipeline for standardizing and integrating unstructured and structured electronic health record data
Authors: Hong Na , Wen Andrew , Shen Feichen , Sohn Sunghwan , Wang Chen , Liu Hongfang , Jiang Guoqian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To design, develop, and evaluate a scalable clinical data normalization pipeline for standardizing unstructured electronic health record (EHR) data leveraging the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) specification.

Methods
We established an FHIR-based clinical data normalization pipeline known as NLP2FHIR that mainly comprises: (1) a module for a core natural language processing (NLP) engine with an FHIR-based type system; (2) a module for integrating structured data; and (3) a module for content normalization. We evaluated the FHIR modeling capability focusing on core clinical resources such as Condition, Procedure, MedicationStatement (including Medication), and FamilyMemberHistory using Mayo Clinic’s unstructured EHR data. We constructed a gold standard reusing annotation corpora from previous NLP projects.

Results
A total of 30 mapping rules, 62 normalization rules, and 11 NLP-specific FHIR extensions were created and implemented in the NLP2FHIR pipeline. The elements that need to integrate structured data from each clinical resource were identified. The performance of unstructured data modeling achieved F scores ranging from 0.69 to 0.99 for various FHIR element representations (0.69–0.99 for Condition; 0.75–0.84 for Procedure; 0.71–0.99 for MedicationStatement; and 0.75–0.95 for FamilyMemberHistory).

Conclusion
We demonstrated that the NLP2FHIR pipeline is feasible for modeling unstructured EHR data and integrating structured elements into the model. The outcomes of this work provide standards-based tools of clinical data normalization that is indispensable for enabling portable EHR-driven phenotyping and large-scale data analytics, as well as useful insights for future developments of the FHIR specifications with regard to handling unstructured clinical data.
Patient-Awareness Survey: Do Breast Implants Affect the Acquisition and Accuracy of Screening Mammography?
Authors: Robinson Kristin A , Gray Richard J , Tanna Aneri , Kosiorek Heidi E , Butterfield Richard J , Palmieri Jennifer M , McDonough Mary Ann T , Rebecca Alanna M , Patel Bhavika K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Breast implant augmentation is the most common cosmetic surgical procedure performed in the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with breast augmentation surgery are aware of the effect of breast implants on the mammographic detection of cancer.

Methods
An institutional review board exempt patient awareness survey was distributed at a single breast imaging facility to women undergoing screening mammography. Comparative statistical analyses were performed between patients with and without breast implants.

Results
The respondents were divided into three groups: no prior breast surgery (74%; 524/711), breast surgery with implants (21%; 152/711), and breast surgery without implants (5%; 35/711). Patients with breast implants were more aware that implants decrease the amount of breast tissue seen on a mammogram (75%; 105/141) and that implants result in the need for more mammogram views (70%; 103/147), as compared with patients with no surgery (46%; 221/484 and 31%; 147/478, respectively) (P &lt; 0.001). More women with breast implants reported learning from breast imaging staff rather than from their surgeon that implants decrease the amount of breast tissue seen on a mammogram (46%; 49/106 vs. 38%; 40/106). Of 137 respondents, 35% (n = 48) reported that the effect of implants on their mammogram was discussed preoperatively. Of those who did not recall a preoperative discussion, 42% (16/38) indicated this knowledge would have factored into their decision to get breast implants.

Conclusion
This study highlights an opportunity for providers to engage in more education and shared decision-making with patients considering breast augmentation surgery to ensure preoperative counseling includes discussion of the effect of implants on mammography.
Could International Fact-Finding Missions Possibly Render a Case Inadmissible for the ICC? Remarks on the Ongoing Attempts to Include International Criminal Law in Fact-finding
Authors: de Vries Barry 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Twenty years after the adoption of the Rome Statute questions concerning complementarity remain. There is no clear indication as to how international involvement would influence the admissibility of a case. One of the responses to human rights violations and possible international crimes that has risen to prominence in the past decades is fact-finding mandated by UN organs. At the same time these mechanisms have started to incorporate a focus on issues of international criminal law and individual criminal responsibility. As these mechanisms are starting to attempt to resemble a criminal investigation in some regards the question starts to rise as to what effect an international fact-finding mechanism can have on the admissibility of a case before the International Criminal Court. This article explains how these mechanisms need to be viewed in the context of the complementarity-regime of the Rome Statute.
An underground economy
Authors: Lovatt Anna 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The art collection of the German–American sculptor Ruth Vollmer (1903–1982) consisted primarily of gifts or exchanges with other artists, which were meticulously arranged in her New York apartment. Provisional and eccentric, these objects were often anomalous in the practices of the artists who produced them, and were not necessarily intended for public display. Drawing on sociologist David Cheal’s description of the gift economy as ‘a system of action which is characterized by the principle of redundancy’, this article argues that the objects collected by Vollmer were doubly ‘redundant’, being playful or throwaway experiments that were recuperated as gifts. Despite their marginal status in art history, however, the objects Vollmer collected can be interpreted as manifestations of the interpersonal relationships that she cultivated in her own artistic practice, and in the diasporic ‘salons’ she hosted at her home in the aftermath of World War II.