bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los Sistemas de Salud en Tiempos del Coronavirus.
Authors: Casavilca Zambrano Sandro 
Published: April 2020

El Estado Peruano ha declarado el año 2020, como el “Año de la Universalización de la Salud”, expresando un anhelo y derecho de todos los peruanos, consignado en la Constitución Política del Perú (1). Tradicionalmente se concibe a la salud como «ausencia de enfermedad», entendiendo a esta última como un estado de alteración del organismo, que perturba su normal funcionamiento. En 1947, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), en su Carta Magna, define a la salud en términos positivos como «el estado de completo bienestar físico, mental y social”, y no meramente como la ausencia de enfermedades. De este convencimiento ha surgido una nueva visión de la salud, denominada modelo biopsicosocial, alejando la tesis que hablar de salud es hablar de enfermedad (2). Esta es una perspectiva más abarcadora que incluye la dimensión individual, social y ecológica. Enfatiza la interdependencia y el efecto recíproco, de los diversos niveles del sistema que forman la persona y su entorno, los cuales impactan en la salud (Romero-Croce 2006) (2). Es así que desde el año 2009 (3), contamos con la Ley N° 29344 de Aseguramiento Universal en Salud, con el fin de garantizar el derecho pleno de toda persona a la cobertura de aseguramiento en salud, así como normar el acceso y las acciones de regulación, financiamiento, prestación y supervisión del aseguramiento. De esto hace 11 años, desde que la ley estableció en su artículo 3°, que el aseguramiento universal es por definición que todos los peruanos dispongan de unseguro de salud con acceso a prestaciones de carácter preventivo, promocional, recuperativo y de rehabilitación, en condiciones adecuadas de eficiencia, equidad, oportunidad, calidad y dignidad; estableciendo un plazo de dos años para su instalación. El sistema de salud Peruano, es un sistema fraccionado en donde al momento de emitirse la norma, el sector público constituido por el Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), EsSalud, Fuerzas armadas y Policía Nacional, contaba con el 92.9 % de los establecimientos de Salud y el Sistema Privado con el 7,1% (4), realidad que en los últimos 11 años no ha tenido grandes cambios. En todo sistema de Salud los actores son el paciente o asegurado, la entidad prestadora del servicio, el financiador o seguro que funge como administrador del fondo, el mismo que puede ser único o múltiples administradores, públicos, privados o mixtos.
HUBUNGAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING DENGAN LONELINESS
Authors: Rantepadang Andreas , Gery Ariel Ben 
Published: April 2020

Loneliness dapat terjadi pada siapa saja, terlebih pada usia dewasa mudah, termasuk mahasiswa yang memiliki masalah dalam kemampuan bersosialisasi dan menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan. Psychological well-being yang baik dapat terhindar dari perasaan loneliness. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa hubugan psychological well-being dengan loneliness pada mahasiswa rantau. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu diskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. 188 responden terpilih melalui purposive sampling dengan rentang waktu Februari sampai Maret 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata psychological well-being mahasiswa berada pada 3.55 dengan kategori tinggi dan lonliness 2.22 kategori rendah, sedangkan pada uji statistik pearson correlation menunjukkan ada hubungan antara dua variabel yaitu variabel psychological well-being dengan loneliness p value .000<0.05 dengan nilai korelasi -0.474 termasuk pada kategori sedang dengan arah negarif. Rekomendasi kepada mahasiswa maupun orang tua agar terhindar dari muculnya perasaan loneliness perlu meningkatkan psychological well- being seperti relasi positif dengan orang lain dan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk menganlisa pengaruh psychological well-being terhadap loneliness.
Keywords: loneliness, psychological, studen, well being
Loneliness dapat terjadi pada siapa saja, terlebih pada usia dewasa muda, termasuk mahasiswa yang memiliki masalah dalam kemampuan bersosialisasi dan menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan. Psychological well-being yang baik dapat terhindar dari perasaan loneliness. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa hubungan psychological well-being dengan loneliness pada mahasiswa rantau. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. 188 responden terpilih melalui purposive sampling dalam rentang waktu Februari sampai Maret 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata psychological well-being mahasiswa berada pada 3.55 dengan kategori tinggi dan loneliness 2.22 kategori rendah, sedangkan pada uji statistik pearson correlation menunjukkan ada hubungan antara psychological well-being dengan loneliness p value .000<0.05 nilai korelasi -0.474 termasuk pada keeratan hubungan sedang dengan arah negatif. Rekomendasi kepada mahasiswa maupun orang tua agar terhindar dari perasaan loneliness perlu meningkatkan psychological well- being seperti relasi positif dengan orang lain dan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk menganalisa pengaruh psychological well-being terhadap loneliness.
Kata Kunci: loneliness, mahasiswa, psychological, well being
Production of handicrafts, wares and novelty items from coconut wood, fronds and coconut fruit residues
Authors: Luisito J. Penamora  
Published: April 2020

The production of handicrafts, wares and novelty items utilizing small and short pieces of coconut wood, fronds and shell is a highly feasible and viable option to derive income from coconut residues and other cellulosic materials found in coconut plantation.
Handicrafts and novelty items from coconut fronds, wood and other residues are potential export commodities that can compete with other indigenous products because of their unique appearance and quality. Given the tremendous amount of readily available raw materials from coconut farms, a manufacturer is assured of a sustainable operation.
Property tests conducted on coconut frond’s structure have shown its fitness to be used as alternative material to some light wood species. It has an average specific gravity (sg) value of 0.20 and mean volumetric shrinkage of 63%. Effectual use investigations of coconut fronds and coconut fruit residues on machining, treatment, gluing properties and finishing requirements are all satisfactory. With the use of a technique, “mix and match”, they can be skillfully combined with coconut wood to make good finished products. Skills, creativity and craftsmanship on the part of the people involved in the job were crucial aspects of the production.
Some of the crafts and novelty items produced were; all-purpose trays, trophies, flower vases and candle holders, chairs, dividers, plant boxes, table and dresser to name a few. The production cost estimates was at minimum with about 50-60 percent cheaper than the traditional materials such as wood.
Changes in Soluble Sugars, Sugar Profile, Starch and Proline in Developing Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Inflorescences
Authors: Bandupriya H.D.D.  
Published: April 2020

Changes in soluble sugars, sugars profile, starch and proline levels in inflorescence rachillae from individual coconut palms were investigated during inflorescence development with the aim of determining a possible correlation between these characters and morphogenic potential of inflorescence tissues. Rachillae for analysis were collected from unopened inflorescences of -1 to -13 stages (considering the youngest open inflorescence as 0 stage) in decreasing order of maturity (–1 stage is the most mature stage whereas –13 is the most immature stage). Important differences among the maturity stages were observed for total sugars. In very tender inflorescences (-13 and -12), the total sugar content was very low whereas a gradual increase was observed from -11 to -7 stages, with -7 stage having the highest level. The total sugar content in more mature inflorescences was relatively low, with the exception of -2 stage, which had a high total sugar content. In regard to sugar profiles, sucrose, fructose and glucose were the main soluble sugars present in coconut inflorescence and sucrose was the most abundant sugar in -5 to -9 maturity stages. Total soluble sugars and sucrose in maturity stages from -5 to -9 showed a very similar variation and significantly higher levels of sucrose were observed in -6 to -8 stages. The proline content in the mature stages, -1 to –3, was significantly lower than in the other stages with no significant variation in the stages –4 to –11. The pattern of variation in starch content was similar to that of proline which decreased with increasing maturity of inflorescence. In view of the results obtained, the higher accumulation of sucrose and total sugars in -6, -7 and -8 stages may have some significance in morphogenesis, especially as an energy source. The 10 cm length inflorescence that responds better for callusing falls within this range. Thus total sugar and sucrose content may be possible biochemical markers for assessing the morphogenic potential of inflorescence explants.
Coconut Leaf Vermiwash as a Component of Organic Farming for Sustaining Soil Health and Fertility
Authors: Murali Gopal  
Published: April 2020

Vermiwash, produced from actively vermicomposting substrates of coconut leaf + cowdung by the action of Eudrilus sp., has an alkaline pH, contains major and minor nutrients, growth hormones, humic acid and plant beneficial bacteria. Application of appropriately diluted coconut leaf vermiwash has shown to increase germination and seedling vigour index of cow pea and paddy seeds in laboratory bioassays. Field trials with cowpea, maize and bhendi (okra) in CPCRI farm showed its capacity to increase biomass and yield of the crops accompanied by enhanced soil microbial activities. Application of the vermiwash in red sandy loam soil produced an increase of 36% of fresh biomass weight, nodule numbers and 43% nodule fresh weight in cowpea at 1:10 dilution compared to control. In maize, increase in cob yield by 5-10%, fresh cob weight increase of 29-64% and in bhendi 22 to 33% increase in yield were recorded when vermiwash was applied at 1:5 dilution. To validate these results, field trials were taken up in farmers’ plots at Majal and Edneer area in Kasaragod. Bitter gourd and cowpea crops were taken up at Majal while amaranthus, cowpea and green chillies at Edneer. The soil type was sandy loam at Majal and lateritic at Edneer. Vermiwash produced at CPCRI was used as treatment along with farmers’ practice as control. The mode of application of vermiwash, dilution rates and intervals of application were carried out by the farmers as per recommendations. Observations on yield of the crops in vermiwash applied plots were recorded by the farmers. A yield of 75 kg cowpea and 200 kg bitter gourd at Majal; 55 kg amaranthus, 155 kg cowpea and 10kg dried chilli at Edneer plot were recorded from vermiwash applied plots.
In both the places, observations indicated that application of vermiwash resulted in yield of crops on par or slightly lower than the plots that received regular fertilizer inputs as per farmers’ practice. However, in vermiwash treated plots, the farmers listed many other important points viz. healthy plant and root hair growth, lesser pest and disease damage, larger leaf size and deep leaf colour, longer ability of plants to stay without wilting in field as well as longer time of remaining fresh in case of amaranthus after harvesting, etc. The soil analysis also revealed that application of vermiwash in both types of soils increased the bacterial, fungal, actinomycetes, free-living nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilzing and fluorescent pseudomonad population, and dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase enzyme activities when compared to fertilizer treated plots. This clearly established the fact that vermiwash enhanced the soil fertility status for production of quality yield of agronomic and horticulture crops.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Engineered Coconut Trunk Veneer (ECTV) for Interior Products
Authors: Izran K.  
Published: April 2020

A study was undertaken to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of engineered coconut (Cocos nucifera) veneer (ECTV). The coconut trunks (40 – 50 years old) were obtained from Hutan Melintang, Perak and were peeled into veneers at Bestgrade Sdn. Bhd. The veneers were obtained from two different parts of coconut trunks viz inner and outer which were used to fabricate 5-ply engineered coconut veneers. The ECTVs were fabricated at FRIM’s Bio-Composite Laboratory. They were manufactured with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin and with three combinations namely 100% inner, 100% outer and alternate outer & inner veneers (mix). The densities for the engineered veneers made of 100% outer, 100% inner, and mixed layers were 944.1 kg/m3, 858.15 kg/m3 and 891.11 kg/m3, respectively. Results showed that the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of the ECTV made from 100% outer veneers had the highest mean MOR value (88.69 MPa), followed by those made from the mixed veneers (74.35 MPa) and 100% inner (58.44 MPa), respectively. On the other hand, the Modulus Of Elasticity (MOE) values were 10.12 Mpa for outer, 8,210 Mpa for inner and 10,075 Mpa for mixed. Overall, the testing results showed that the ECTV met the standard requirements.
Quality Evaluation of Deep Frozen Scraped Coconut
Authors: Samarakone H.S.M.D.S.M  
Published: April 2020

Fresh scraped coconut is highly susceptible to rancidity and microbial spoilage. Consumer acceptability of frozen scraped coconut in terms of chemical, microbiological and sensorial quality for three months of storage period was aimed in this study. Scraped coconut was taken and steam blanched for 5, 10 and 15 minutes using steamer. Half of blanched coconut was mixed with Vitamin E at 500 ppm. Then it was packed in LLDPE/PET/Al pouches (200 g/pouch) and sealed and stored under frozen condition at -18°C using a domestic freezer for 3 months. Control treatment was carried out by keeping the untreated grated coconut at frozen condition. Total plate count (TPC), free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide values (PV) were measured in two week intervals for 3 months. Sensory properties of frozen coconut samples were tested in monthly intervals. Results revealed that significantly low FFA values in all the treated samples compared to control. The concentrations were below the detectable levels of rancidity (1% as lauric acid). There was no peroxide value detected throughout the study period in both the control and treated samples. It was evident that an inverse relationship occurred between TPC values and blanching time. No differences were seen in sensory attributes in all frozen coconut and were within acceptable range. Application of steam blanching for 15 minutes with/without addition of vitamin E on fresh scraped coconut has the best advantages to extend the shelf life for minimum of three months to preserve the organoleptic properties at domestic frozen conditions.
Ecofriendly Organosolv Process for Pulping of Tender Coconut Fibre
Authors: Jincy P.J.  , Anita Das Ravindranath2  , U.S. Sarma  
Published: April 2020

The huge biomass generated by vendors of tender coconut is the broken husks refuse dumped along roads and highways in Kerala. These dumps become breeding grounds for diseased causing germs and carrier mosquitoes causing threat to human life. In order to avoid pollution and find use of the rejected biomass of tender husks, a study was carried out on pulping of tender coconut husk fibre which could be used for papermaking. The optimum pulping condition, the quality of the pulp and its yield was evaluated using different variables like time and temperature. It was observed that the organosolv process could efficiently remove lignin from the tender coconut fibre yielding maximum cellulose. During the traditional pulping processes such as Kraft pulping to isolate the cellulose fibers for the production of paper, the hemicellulose and lignin fractions are degraded, limiting their valorization possibilities. Organosolv pulping has been advocated as the environmentally benign version of the kraft process. Unlike other pretreatment methods, organic solvents can easily be recycled and reused. The lignin dissolved by organosolv pulping is easily recovered by dilution and is unsulphonated and relatively unmodified. Products like handmade paper, egg cartons, handicraft items, garden articles like paper pots could be made from the organasolv pulp of tender coconut husk fibre.
Response Surface Optimization for Extraction of Phenolics from Coconut Testa (Pairings)
Authors: K.D.P.P. Gunathilake  
Published: April 2020

Response surface methodology in conjunction with central composite design (CCD) was performed in the present study to optimize the extraction parameters for assessing maximum yield of total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity from coconut pairings. Solvent concentration (30-100%), extraction temperature (30-60°C) and extraction time (30-90 min) were used as the independent variables. The optimum conditions for extraction of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity from coconut pairings were found to be at ethanol concentration, 47.75% (v/v); extraction temperature, 49.84°C; and extraction time, 68.66 minutes. Under these optimal conditions, the model predicted a maximum response of 18.97 mg GAE/ g DW total phenolics and 38.09 mg AAE/g DW total antioxidant capacity of coconut pairing extracts and they were in close agreement with predicted values, thus indicating the suitability of the models developed and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions.
The Curious Case of PHL 293B: A Long-lived Transient in a Metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: Burke Colin J. , Baldassare Vivienne F. , Liu Xin , Foley Ryan J. , Shen Yue , Palmese Antonella , Guo Hengxiao , Herner Kenneth , Abbott Tim M. C. , Aguena Michel , Allam Sahar , Avila Santiago , Bertin Emmanuel , Brooks David , Carnero Rosell Aurelio , Carrasco Kind Matias , Carretero Jorge , da Costa Luiz N. , De Vicente Juan , Desai Shantanu , Doel Peter , Eifler Tim F. , Everett Spencer , Frieman Josh , García-Bellido Juan , Gaztanaga Enrique , Gruen Daniel , Gruendl Robert A. , Gschwend Julia , Gutierrez Gaston , Hollowood Devon L. , Honscheid Klaus , James David J. , Krause Elisabeth , Kuehn Kyler , Maia Marcio A. G. , Menanteau Felipe , Miquel Ramon , Paz-Chinchón Francisco , Plazas Andrés A. , Sanchez Eusebio , Santiago Basilio , Scarpine Vic , Serrano Santiago , Sevilla-Noarbe Ignacio , Smith Mathew , Soares-Santos Marcelle , Suchyta Eric , Swanson Molly E. C. , Tarle Gregory , Tucker Douglas L. , Varga Tamas Norbert , Walker Alistair R. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We report on small-amplitude optical variability and recent dissipation of the unusually persistent broad emission lines in the blue compact dwarf galaxy PHL 293B. The galaxy’s unusual spectral features (P Cygni-like profiles with ∼800 km s−1 blueshifted absorption lines) have resulted in conflicting interpretations of the nature of this source in the literature. However, analysis of new Gemini spectroscopy reveals the broad emission has begun to fade after being persistent for over a decade prior. Precise difference imaging light curves constructed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Dark Energy Survey reveal small-amplitude optical variability of ∼0.1 mag in the g band offset by 100 ± 21 pc from the brightest pixel of the host. The light curve is well-described by an active galactic nuclei (AGN)-like damped random walk process. However, we conclude that the origin of the optical variability and spectral features of PHL 293B is due to a long-lived stellar transient, likely a Type IIn supernova or nonterminal outburst, mimicking long-term AGN-like variability. This work highlights the challenges of discriminating between scenarios in such extreme environments, relevant to searches for AGNs in dwarf galaxies. This is the second long-lived transient discovered in a blue compact dwarf, after SDSS1133. Our result implies such long-lived stellar transients may be more common in metal-deficient galaxies. Systematic searches for low-level variability in dwarf galaxies will be possible with the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
Unified Astronomy Thesaurus: Usage Stats and Release Cycle
Authors: Frey Katie , Bukovi Kris 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Unified Astronomy Thesaurus (UAT) is an open and community-supported thesaurus that was formally adopted by the American Astronomical Society on 2019 June 3. This article examines the usage of UAT concepts across AAS journals since its adoption and summarizes information about the variety of concepts used, the most commonly used concepts, and frequent concept co-occurrences. Finally, it provides an update on the documentation governing the release cycle for future versions of the UAT.
L’action clandestine et l’ascension de la CIA sous l’administration Eisenhower
Authors: Ramos Raphaël 
Published: April 2020

Le recours accru à l’action clandestine par l’administration Eisenhower a permis à la CIA de devenir un acteur majeur de l’appareil d’État. Si cette activité, qui recouvre l’ensemble des opérations secrètes visant à exercer une influence à l’étranger, avait été institutionnalisée par le président Truman, la CIA était restée en marge en raison de la piètre qualité de ses analyses et de la prudence de l’administration démocrate. L’expertise d’Eisenhower et d’Allen Dulles a facilité le développement de ces opérations qui, en outre, s’accordaient avec les objectifs présidentiels de poursuivre le containment tout en réduisant les dépenses militaires. Les succès rencontrés en Iran et au Guatemala ont entraîné une sanctuarisation de ce mode opératoire et, ainsi, transformé la stature de la CIA.
La valeur sociale du chiffre
Authors: Ogien Albert 
Published: April 2020

Cet article envisage la quantification de l’action publique sous un angle singulier. Il ne s’intéresse en effet ni à l’ usage social du chiffre (ou aux intérêts particuliers de ceux qui s’en servent), ni à la construction sociale du chiffre (ou aux ficelles de la fabrication de la statistique publique), ni à la validité scientifique du chiffre (ou à la réalité des faits qu’il est censé décrire), mais à la valeur sociale du chiffre . Ses analyses s’articulent donc autour d’une question : comment une information quantifiée au sujet d’un problème politique est-elle catégorisée et dotée d’importance par ceux qui l’utilisent, indépendamment de ce qu’elle révèle à propos du fait dont elle fournit une description objective ? Pour répondre à cette question, l’article commence par identifier l’ordre de catégorisation qu’impose le « système du chiffre gestionnaire » ; puis, à partir de données empiriques extraites d’une enquête sur la mise en place de la Lolf et son application au domaine de l’enseignement supérieur, il rend compte de la reconfiguration de l’action de l’État qu’induit le passage d’une quantification descriptive à une quantification prédictive. L’article met ainsi en évidence le genre de propriétés sociales qui est conféré au chiffre lorsque l’action publique est soumise à un impératif de performance, et suggère que ces propriétés s’opposent à celles qui lui sont attribuées dans l’ordre de catégorisation de la démocratie.