bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels in primary gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Song Shibo , Cao Xianglong , Pan Hongda , Hu Maolin , Yan Qiuxia , Song Jinghai , Yang Hua , Zhao Gang , Xiao Gang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Improved prediction of prognosis for gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) has become increasingly important since the introduction of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative plasma fibrinogen (Fib) levels in patients with primary GISTs and to analyse their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods A total of 201 previously untreated patients with primary GISTs who had undergone radical surgery at our institution between October 2004 and July 2018 were enrolled. Patient demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, preoperative plasma Fib levels and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analysed. The optimal cut-off value for Fib levels was calculated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RFS, the primary endpoint, was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were calculated. Results Patients in the high Fib group had a shorter RFS than those in the low Fib group (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, high preoperative plasma Fib levels were detected as an independent adverse prognostic factor (P = 0.008, hazard ratio 3.136, 95% CI 1.356‒7.256). Furthermore, high preoperative plasma Fib levels also indicated a poor prognosis within the modified National Institutes of Health (mNIH) high-risk subgroup (P = 0.041). In addition, preoperative plasma Fib levels showed a positive correlation with several prognostic factors and even a linear relationship with tumour size (Spearman correlation coefficient [ r ] = 0.411, P < 0.001). Conclusions High preoperative plasma Fib levels may indicate a poor prognosis in patients with primary GISTs. As a cost-effective biomarker, preoperative assessment of plasma Fib levels may help to further risk stratify patients with mNIH high-risk GISTs and instruct the application of targeted therapy.
Reconstruction and analysis of genome-scale metabolic model of weak Crabtree positive yeast Lachancea kluyveri
Authors: Nanda Piyush , Patra Pradipta , Das Manali , Ghosh Amit 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background Lachancea kluyveri, a weak Crabtree positive yeast, has been extensively studied for its unique URC pyrimidine catabolism pathway. It produces more biomass than Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the underlying weak Crabtree effect and resorts to optimal fermentation only in oxygen limiting conditions that render it a suitable host for industrial-scale protein production. Ethyl acetate, an important industrial chemical, has been demonstrated to be a major overflow metabolite during aerobic batch cultivation with a specific rate of 0.12 g per g dry weight per hour. Here, we reconstruct a genome-scale metabolic model of the yeast to better explain the observed phenotypes and aid further hypothesis generation. Results We report the first genome-scale metabolic model, iPN730, using Build Fungal Model in KBase workspace. The inconsistencies in the draft model were semi-automatically corrected using literature and published datasets. The curated model comprises of 1235 reactions, 1179 metabolites, and 730 genes distributed in 8 compartments (organelles). The in silico viability in different media conditions and the growth characteristics in various carbon sources show good agreement with experimental data. Dynamic flux balance analysis describes the growth dynamics, substrate utilization and product formation kinetics in various oxygen-limited conditions. The URC pyrimidine degradation pathway incorporated into the model enables it to grow on uracil or urea as the sole nitrogen source. Conclusion The genome-scale metabolic construction of L. kluyveri will provide a better understanding of metabolism, particularly that of pyrimidine metabolism and ethyl acetate production. Metabolic flux analysis using the model will enable hypotheses generation to gain a deeper understanding of metabolism in weakly Crabtree positive yeast and in fungal biodiversity in general.
Anticipatory Care Planning Intervention for Older Adults at Risk of Functional Decline: Study protocol for a Primary Care Cluster Feasibility Randomised Trial
Authors: Brazil Kevin , Scott David , Wallace Emma , Clarke Mike , Fahey Tom , Gillespie Patrick , O’Halloran Peter , Cardwell Christopher , Carter Gillian , McGlade Kieran , Doyle Frank 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The treatment and management of long-term health conditions is the greatest challenge facing health systems around the world today. Innovative approaches to patient care in the community such as Anticipatory Care Planning (ACP), which seek to help with the provision of high-quality comprehensive care to older adults at risk of functional decline, require evaluation. This study will evaluate one approach that will include primary care as the setting for Anticipatory Care Planning. Methods This study will help to determine the feasibility for a definitive randomised trial to evaluate the implementation and outcomes of an ACP intervention. The intervention will be delivered by specially trained registered nurses in a primary care setting with older adults identified as at risk of functional decline. The intervention will comprise of: a) information collection via patient assessment; b) facilitated informed dialogue between the patient, family carer, general practitioner and other healthcare practitioners; and, c) documentation of the agreed support plan and follow-up review dates. Through a structured consultation with patients and their family carers, the nurses will complete a mutually agreed personalized support plan. Discussion This study will determine the feasibility for a full trial protocol to evaluate the implementation and outcomes of an (ACP) intervention in primary care to assist older adults aged 70 years of age or older and assessed as at risk of functional decline. The study will be implemented in two jurisdictions on the island of Ireland which employ different health systems but which face similar health challenges. This study will allow us to examine important issues, such as the impact of two different healthcare systems on the health of older people and the influence of different legislative interpretations on undertaking cross jurisdictional research in Ireland.
Be Quiet and Man Up: A Qualitative Study into Men Who Experienced Birth Trauma
Authors: Daniels Emily , Arden-Close Emily , Mayers Andrew 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Research focusing on paternal mental health is limited and the consequences of this are ignored. For example, little is known about the experiences of men who witness their partner’s traumatic birth and the subsequent impact. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore men’s experiences of witnessing a traumatic birth, how these experiences impacted on their wellbeing, and what support they received during and following the traumatic birth. Methods Sixty-one participants were recruited via targeted social media to complete an online qualitative questionnaire regarding their birth trauma experience. Eligible participants were aged over eighteen, resided in the UK and had witnessed a traumatic birth that did not result in loss of life. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the questionnaire data. Results: Three main themes were identified: ‘fathers’ understanding of the experience’ (subthemes: nothing can prepare you for it; merely a passenger; mixed experiences with staff; not about me); ‘life after birth trauma’ (subthemes: manhood after birth; inability to be happy; impact on relationships); and ‘the support fathers received vs what they wanted’ (subthemes: prenatal support; birth support; and postnatal support). Conclusions Fathers reported that witnessing their partner’s traumatic birth had a significant impact on them. They felt this impacted on their mental health and relationships long into the postnatal period. However, there is no nationally recognised support in place for fathers to use as a result of their experiences. The participants attributed this to being perceived as less important than women in the perinatal/childrearing period, and maternity services’ perceptions of the father more generally. Implications include ensuring support is given to all involved in the perinatal period, with additional staff training geared towards the father’s role.
Physical activity types and risk of dementia in community-dwelling older people: the Three-City cohort.
Authors: Dupré Caroline , Bongue Bienvenue , Helmer Catherine , Dartigues Jean François , Hupin David , Roche Frédéric , Berr Claudine , Carriere Isabelle 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Physical activity may decrease the risk of dementia; however, previous cohort studies seldom investigated the different types of physical activity and household activities. Our objective was to analyze the links between two physical activity types and dementia in older people. Methods The study used data from the prospective observational Three-city cohort and included 1550 community-dwelling individuals aged 72 to 87 without dementia at baseline. Physical activity was assessed with the Voorrips questionnaire. Two sub-scores were calculated to assess household/transportation activities and leisure/sport activities. Restricted cubic spline and proportional hazard Cox models were used to estimate the non-linear exposure-response curve for the dementia risk and the appropriate activity level thresholds. Models were adjusted for possible confounders, including socio-demographic variables, comorbidities, depressive symptoms and APOE genotype. Results The median age was 80 years, and 63.6% of participants were women. After a median follow-up of 4.6 years, dementia was diagnosed in 117 participants (7.6%). An inverse J-shaped association was found between household/transportation physical activity sub-score and dementia risk, which means that the risk is lowest for the moderately high values and then re-increases slightly for the highest values. The results remained significant when this sub-score was categorized in three classes (low, moderate, and high), with hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 0.55 (0.35-0.87) and 0.62 (0.38-1.01) for moderate and high activity levels, respectively. No significant effect was found for leisure/sport activities. Conclusions The 5-year risk of dementia was significantly and negatively associated with the household/transportation activity level, but not with the leisure and sport activity sub-score. This highlights the importance of considering all physical activity types in 72 years or older people.
Development and Validation of a Preoperative Nomogram for Predicting Survival of Patients with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Zhou Xianghong , Ning Qingyang , Jin Kun , Zhang Tao , Ma Xuelei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: For selected locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients, radical prostatectomy (RP) is one of the first-line treatments. We aimed to develop a preoperative nomogram to identify what kinds of patients can get the most survival benefits after RP. Methods: We conducted analyses with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Covariates used for analyses included age at diagnosis, marital status, race, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th TNM stage, Prostate specific antigen, Gleason biopsy score (GS), percent of positive cores. We estimated the cumulative incidence function for cause-specific death. The Fine and Gray’s proportional subdistribution hazard approach was used to perform multivariable competing risk analyses and reveal prognostic factors. A nomogram was built by these factors (including GS, percent of positive cores and N stage) and validated by concordance index and calibration curves . Risk stratification was established based on the nomogram. Results: We studied 14185 patients. N stage, GS, and percent of positive cores were the independent prognostic factors used to construct the nomogram. For validating, in the training cohort, the C-index was 0.779 (95% CI 0.736–0.822), and in the validation cohort, the C-index was 0.773 (95% CI 0.710–0.836). Calibration curves showed that the predicted survival and actual survival were very close. The nomogram performed better over the AJCC staging system (C-index 0.779 versus 0.764 for training cohort, and 0.773 versus 0.744 for validation cohort). The new stratification of risk groups based on the nomogram also showed better discrimination than the AJCC staging system. Conclusions: The preoperative nomogram can provide favorable prognosis stratification ability to help clinicians identify patients who are suitable for surgery.
Effects of social network incentives and financial incentives on physical activity and social capital among older women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yamashita Ryo , Sato Shinji , Akase Ryoichi , Doi Tatsuo , Tsuzuku Shigeki , Yokoi Toyohiko , Otsuki Shingo , Harada Eisaku 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Financial incentives have been used to increase physical activity. However, the benefit of financial incentives is lost when an intervention ends. Thus, for this study, we combined socail network incentives that leverage the power of peer pressure with finacial incentives. Few reports have examined the impact of physical activity on social capital. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to ascertain whether a combination of two incentives could lead to more significant changes in physical activity and socail capital during and after an intervention. Methods The participants were 39 older women over 65 years of age in Kumamoto, Japan. The participants were randomly divided into a financial incentive group (FI group) and a social network incentive plus financial incentive group (SNI+FI group). Both groups underwent a three-month intervention. Measurements of physical activity and social capital were performed before and after the intervention. Additionally, the effects of the incentives on physical activity and social capital maintenance were measured six months postintervention. The financial incentive group received a payment ranging from US$4.40 to US$6.20 per month, depending on the number of steps taken during the intervention. For the other group, we provided a social network incentive in addition to the financial incentive. The SNI+FI group walked in groups of three people to use the power of peer pressure. Results A two-way ANOVA revealed that in terms of physical activity, there was a statistically significant interaction between group and time (p=0.017). The FI group showed no statistically significant improvement in physical activity during the observation period. In terms of social capital, the change in trust approached significance (p=0.08). Conclusion Our results suggest that social network incentives, in combination with financial incentives, are more effective for promoting physical activity and social trust than financial incentives alone among older women and that these effects can continue after an intervention.
Lung injury induced by short-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia and its mitigation by deferoxamine in rats
Authors: Wang Xiao-Xia , Sha Xiao-Lan , Li Yulan , Li Chun-Lan , Chen Su-Heng , Wang Jing-Jing , Xia Zheng-Yuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Backgroud Long-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia can induce lung injury.General anesthesia is associated with a very high incidence of hyperoxaemia, despite it usually lasts for a very short period of time. It still remains unclear whether short-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia has an adverse impact or cause injury to the lungs. The present study aimed to assess whether short-term mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia causes lung injury in rats and whether deferoxamine(DFO)could mitigate such injury to the lungs and explore the possible mechanism. Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:mechanical ventilated with normoxia group (MV group, FiO2 =21%), with hyperoxia group(HMV group, FiO2 =90%), or with hyperoxia+DFO group(HMV+DFO group, FiO2 =90%). Mechanical ventilation under different oxygen concentrations was given for 4h. The HMV+DFO group received continuous intravenous infusion of DFO at 200mg•kg -1 •d -1 , while the MV and HMV groups received an equal volume of NS. Carotid artery intubation was carried out to monitor the blood gas parameters under mechanical ventilation for 2h and 4h, respectively, and the oxygenation index(OI) was calculated. After 4h ventilation, the right anterior lobe of the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the right lung was sampled for pathological and biochemical assays. Results PaO2 in the HMV and HMV+DFO groups were significantly higher, but the OI were significantly lower than those of the MV group( p <0.01), while PaO2 and OI between HMV+DFO and HMV groups did not differ significantly. The lung pathological scores and the wet-to-dry weight ratio(W/D) in the HMV and HMV+DFO groups were significantly higher than those of the MV group, but score and the W/D were reduced by DFO( p <0.05,HMV+DFOvs.HMV). Biochemically, HMV resulted in significant reductions in SP-C, SP-D, and GR levels and elevation of XOD in both the Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the lung tissue homogenate, and all these changes were prevented or significantly reverted by DFO. Conclusions Mechanical ventilation with hyperoxia for 4h induced oxidative injury of the lungs, accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the concentrations of SP-C and SP-D. DFO could mitigate such injury by lowering XOD activity and elevating GR activity.
Electroencephalographic alpha band power enhancement during rapid eye movement sleep in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Qiu Zhijun , Zhang Liang , Tao Huaying 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a common sleep disorder in the elderly. We aim to reveal the physiological mechanism underlying RBD by analyzing changes in the electroencephalographic (EEG) spectrum during REM sleep.Methods Twenty patients with RBD monitored using video polysomnography and 13 age-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. The EEG signal was acquired using an average reference electrode. A Fourier transform was performed on both EEG data. Furthermore, the absolute power values and relative power values of five different frequency bands were calculated. The range of each frequency band was defined as follow: δ: 0.5–3 Hz, θ: 4–7 Hz, α: 8–13 Hz, β: 14–30 Hz, and γ: 30–35 Hz. The normal distribution of EEG power was tested compared using the t-test.Results The dominant frequency band with the most power on EEG was θ band in both groups. Compared with control group, the RBD group had obvious power enhancement in α band. However, δ/α and θ/α power ratios in the RBD group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusion The cerebral cortex is hyperactive in RBD. This phenomenon may associate with higher power in the alpha band, which is similar to that observed when the skeletal muscle is not atonic. The cerebral cortex is involved in RBD neuropathic disorders as well as skeletal muscle achalasia. Our finding could provide a new method for improving RBD treatment via the moderate inhibition of cerebral cortex hyperactivity.
Study on the relationship between Cardio-cerebrovascular events and the level of Atherosclerosis evaluated by Heart-brain Integrated CTA
Authors: Yu Huan , Zhang Yue , Zhu Dong , Duan Kuai , Hu Yi , Song Chunhua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To establish a one-stop cardio-cerebral vascular scanning technique based on double-source helical CT by analyzing the relationship between the nature of coronary artery, extracranial and extracranial vascular plaque, the degree of lumen stenosis and the occurrence and development of cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD).Methods: the plaque properties, vascular stenosis degree, and plaque quantitative analysis results of coronary artery, extracranial and intracranial segments of coronary artery, extracranial and intracranial carotid artery in 39 patients who underwent combined heart-brain CTA scanning were analyzed. The correlation between the load degree of cardio-cerebrovascular plaque and cardio-cerebrovascular events was analyzed comprehensively. Results: there were significant differences in age, high-density lipoprotein, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, plaque nature, plaque location, plaque composition and NIHSS score between the two groups. Conclusion: the combination of heart and brain CTA can help to establish the best clinical predictive model to prevent and stop the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease and stroke in time.
A retrospective clinical observation of long-term survival in patients after prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: Huang Chienhsiu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The 1-year survival rate of patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation was 29-42% before 2000. By 2012, Carson reported the 1-year survival rate of prolonged mechanical ventilation patients was 52%, an unsatisfactory improvement in survival time. We explored the long-term survival rate of prolonged mechanical ventilation patients at our hospital, 2012-2017. Methods We analyzed retrospectively data from our respiratory care center patients to investigate the discharge status, long-term survival rate, and cause of death. We also compared the 5-year survival rates of prolonged mechanical ventilation patients and our hospital lung cancer patients. Results Five hundred seventy-four patients were admitted to respiratory care center during the study period. The long-term follow-up data of 403 prolonged mechanical ventilation, including 186 patients died in the hospital, 157 discharged prolonged mechanical ventilation patients, and 60 respiratory care ward patients until October 30, 2018. The 1-year survival rate of all prolonged mechanical ventilation patients, discharged prolonged mechanical ventilation patients, and respiratory care ward patients were 24.3%, 50.3%, and 31.7%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of all prolonged mechanical ventilation patients, discharged prolonged mechanical ventilation patients, and respiratory care ward patients were 18.1%, 40.05%, and 11.7%, respectively. Successful weaning from mechanical ventilation was a key factor in the long-term survival of prolonged mechanical ventilation patients. The 5-year survival rate of discharged prolonged mechanical ventilation patients was better than that of all lung cancer patients. The 5-year survival rates of all prolonged mechanical ventilation patients and respiratory care ward patients were similar to that of stage IV lung cancer patients. Conclusions Prolonged mechanical ventilation patients had the worst long-term survival rate of all patients with chest diseases in our hospital. Successful weaning from the mechanical ventilator was most important factors for improving long-term outcomes in prolonged mechanical ventilation patients.