bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of the ribosomal S30 subunit leads to indole‐3‐carbinol tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Finkelshtein Alin , Khamesa Hala , Tuan Luu Anh , Rabanim Manely , Chamovitz Daniel A. 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYIndole‐3‐carbinol (I3C), a hydrolysis product of indole‐3‐methylglucosinolate, is toxic to herbivorous insects and pathogens. In mammals, I3C is extensively studied for its properties in cancer prevention and treatment. Produced in Brassicaceae, I3C reversibly inhibits root elongation in a concentration‐dependent manner. This inhibition is partially explained by the antagonistic action of I3C on auxin signaling through TIR1. To further elucidate the mode of action of I3C in plants, we have identified and characterized a novel Arabidopsis mutant tolerant to I3C, ICT1. This mutant was identified following screening of the Full‐length cDNA Over‐eXpression library (FOX) seed collection for root growth in the presence of exogenous I3C. ICT1 carries the AT2G19750 gene, which encodes an S30 ribosomal protein. Overexpression, but not knockout, of the S30 gene causes tolerance to I3C. The tolerance is specific to I3C, since ICT1 did not exhibit pronounced tolerance to other indole or benzoxazinoid molecules tested. ICT1 maintains I3C‐induced antagonism of auxin signaling, indicating that the tolerance is due to an auxin‐independent mechanism. Transcript profiling experiments revealed that ICT1 is transcriptionally primed to respond to I3C treatment.
Retrospective evaluation of Vitis vinifera ingestion in dogs presented to emergency clinics in the UK (2012–2016): 606 Cases
Authors: Croft Rachel , Clementi Elisabetta , Farmer Helen , Whalley Rachel , Dunning Mark , Firth Ava 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess key presenting signs in dogs following Vitis vinifera fruit (VVF) ingestion (grapes, raisins, currants, and sultanas), outcome, and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI).DesignRetrospective study (2012–2016).SettingOut‐of‐hours clinics in the United Kingdom.AnimalsThe study population included 606 dogs attending 53 emergency clinics across the United Kingdom following ingestion of VVF.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsVitis vinifera fruits were found in vomit after more than 12 hours after ingestion. There was an increased incidence in December. Serum creatinine or urea was measured in 338 dogs; all were within reference intervals. In this cohort of dogs with VVF ingestion, there is no evidence for significant AKI in 32 of 33 cases within 24 hours of admission where supportive measures were introduced and repeated assessments of creatinine concentration were performed.ConclusionsAll dogs survived to discharge. One out of 33 cases with repeated creatinine concentration developed IRIS AKI grade I within 24 hours following VVF ingestion, when current emergency treatment guidelines were followed in whole or part.
Lung lobe torsion in 15 dogs: Peripheral band sign on ultrasound
Authors: Belmudes Audrey , Gory Guillaume , Cauvin Eddy , Combes Anaïs , Gallois‐Bride Hélène , Couturier Laurent , Rault Delphine N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe diagnosis of lung lobe torsion in dogs is usually based on radiological, endoscopic, and CT features. Few ultrasonographic descriptions have been published. The purpose of this multicenter, retrospective, and prospective observational study was to investigate the presence of a hypoechoic area forming a pulmonary band or line at the periphery of the twisted lobe on ultrasonography and assess its significance by comparing it to CT and histological findings. Fifteen dogs with lung lobe torsion confirmed surgically or postmortem were included. All had received ultrasonography and CT examinations; 13 had additional histopathological examination performed. In 14 cases, thoracic ultrasonography revealed a peripheral hypoechoic band, overlying areas of scattered, hyperreflecting interfaces in the affected lobe. On CT, central emphysema was surrounded by a peripheral, soft tissue attenuation band, affecting the periphery in 14 cases. No band was observed in one case, in which the lobe was entirely consolidated. Histological examination yielded a comparable peripheral band, consisting of a thickened visceral pleura with or without hemorrhagic necrosis of the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. This peripheral band may be related to the specific fractal organization of airways and vessels, which plays an important role in lung perfusion and ventilation and makes the lung periphery more prone to ischemia. Our findings suggest that the presence of a peripheral hypoechoic band, associated with central emphysema in a noncollapsed lung lobe on ultrasonography, is suggestive of compromised blood supply and air flow, and lung lobe torsion should therefore be suspected.
Correlations between age, body size, sex, and conformation and ultrasound‐measured femoral vessel diameter in the dog, with implications for transvascular procedural planning
Authors: Cusack Katrina , Wesselowski Sonya , Saunders Ashley B. , Jeffery Nicholas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransvascular interventional radiology procedures have advanced in veterinary medicine, but basic knowledge about expected vascular size and vascular imaging requires further exploration. A prospective analytical study of 230 client‐owned dogs was carried out to investigate correlations between ultrasound‐measured femoral artery (FA) and femoral vein (FV) diameter and various morphometric and demographic dog variables, compare ultrasound‐measured femoral vessel diameter to diameter predicted by body weight, compare right‐ and left‐sided femoral vessel diameter, and assess measurement repeatability. Internal diameter of the FA and FV was measured with ultrasound bilaterally. Allometrically scaled body weight had the strongest correlation with FA and FV diameter (correlation coefficients: 0.92 and 0.80, respectively), although thigh circumference (FA: 0.89; FV:0.78) and withers height (FA: 0.84; FV: 0.76) were also strongly correlated. Within the entire population, males had a smaller FA (P = .005), but not FV (P = .278), than females and age was negatively associated with FA (P = .031) and FV (P < .001) diameter. Compared to ultrasound‐derived measurements, body weight‐predicted diameter overestimated by at least one French gauge in 32.6% and 35.2% of dogs for the FA and FV, respectively. Comparison of left and right FA and FV diameter revealed minimal mean differences, though limits of agreement could encompass multiple French gauge sizes: (Mean difference [limits of agreement]: FA = 0.00 mm [0.85‐0.84 mm]; FV = 0.04 mm [1.92‐1.99 mm]). Intra‐ and interoperator repeatability coefficients of variation were <9%. Femoral vessel diameter in dogs is influenced by multiple factors, with potential for clinically relevant differences between right‐ and left‐sided vessels. Ultrasound measurement of femoral vessels could improve transvascular preprocedural planning.
Effects of platelet‐rich plasma on the healing of sternal wounds: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yao Dan , Feng Guang , Zhao Fan , Hao Daifeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSternal wound infection (SWI) is a devastating complication after cardiac surgery. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) may have a positive impact on sternal wound healing. A systematic review with meta‐analyses was performed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of topical application of autologous PRP for preventing SWI and promoting sternal wound healing compared to placebo or standard treatment without PRP. Relevant studies published in English or Chinese were retrieved from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library), PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer Link, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) using the search terms “platelet‐rich plasma” and “sternal wound” or “thoracic incision.” References identified through the electronic search were screened, the data were extracted, and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. The meta‐analysis was performed for the following outcomes: incidence of SWI, incidence of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI), postoperative blood loss (PBL), and other risk factors. In the systematic review, totally 10 comparable studies were identified, involving 7879 patients. The meta‐analysis for the subgroup of retrospective cohort studies (RSCs) showed that the incidence of SWI and DSWI in patients treated with PRP was significantly lower than that in patients without PRP treatment. However, for the subgroup of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), there was no significant difference in the incidence of SWI or DSWI after intervention between the PRP and control groups. There was no significant difference in PBL in both RCTs and RSCs subgroups. Neither adverse reactions nor in‐situ recurrences were reported. According to the results, PRP could be considered as a candidate treatment to prevent SWI and DSWI. However, the quality of the evidence is too weak, and high‐quality RCTs are needed to assess its efficacy on preventing SWI and DSWI.
Preliminary Assessment of Decay Heat Removal Systems in the ESFR-SMART Design: The Role of Natural Air Convection Around Steam Generators Outer Shells in Accidental Conditions
Authors: Bittan Jeremy , Bore Clement , Guidez Joel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the frame of the ESFR-SMART European project, aiming at improving the safety level of the European sodium cooled fast reactor (ESFR), this paper presents the preliminary assessment of decay heat removal systems (DHRSs) in the ESFR-SMART design: the role of natural air convection around steam generators (SGs) outer shells in accidental conditions. Both theoretical and CATHARE code (thermal hydraulics reference code) calculations are presented. The impact of an additional chimney at the top of each casing as well as running primary and secondary pumps on the heat removal capacity is equally evaluated. This paper shows that the evacuation of decay heat thanks to completely passive air natural circulation alone, in case of Fukushima like accident, should lead to temperatures of sodium in the reactor vessel temporarily exceeding the safety criterion of 650 °C. The addition of chimneys increases the capacities but is not sufficient to evacuate the decay heat safely. If the primary and secondary side pumps are running, the safety criterion should be met.
Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis Using the Discrete Green's Function
Authors: Hoffman Davis W. , Eaton John K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Conjugate heat transfer problems generally require a coupled solution of the temperature fields in the fluid and solid domains. Implementing the boundary condition at the surface of the solid using a discrete Green's function (DGF) decouples the solutions. A DGF is determined first considering only the fluid domain with prescribed thermal boundary conditions, then the temperature distribution in the solid is calculated using standard numerical methods. The only compatibility requirement is that the DGF must be specified with the same discretization as the surface of the solid. The method is demonstrated for both steady-state and transient heating of a thin plate with laminar boundary layers flowing over both sides. The resulting set of linear algebraic equations for the steady-state problem or linear ordinary differential equations for the transient problem are easily solved using conventional scientific programming packages. The method converges with nearly second-order accuracy as the discretization resolution is increased.
Longitudinal assessment of quantitative ultra-widefield ischaemic and vascular parameters in sickle cell retinopathy
Authors: Sevgi Duriye Damla , Scott Adrienne W , Martin Alison , Mugnaini Christopher , Patel Shaivi , Linz Marguerite O , Nti Akosua A , Reese Jamie , Ehlers Justis P 
Published: October 2020

PurposeTo evaluate longitudinal quantitative ischaemic and vasculature parameters, including ischaemic index, vessel area, length and geodesic distance in sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA).MethodsOptimal UWFA images from two longitudinal timepoints of 74 eyes from 45 patients with SCR were aligned and a common region of interest was determined. A deep-learning augmented ischaemia and vascular segmentation platform was used for feature extraction. Geodesic distance maps demonstrating the shortest distance within the vascular masks from the centre of the optic disc were created. Ischaemic index, vessel area, vessel length and geodesic distance were measured. Paired t-test and linear mixed effect model analysis were performed.ResultsOverall, 25 (44 eyes) patients with HbSS, 14 (19 eyes) with HbSC, 6 (11 eyes) with HbSthal and other genotypes were included. Mean age was 40.1±11.0 years. Mean time interval between two UWFA studies was 23.0±15.1 months (range: 3–71.3). Mean panretinal ischaemic index increased from 10.0±7.2% to 10.9±7.3% (p<0.005). Mean rate of change in ischaemic index was 0.5±0.7% per year. Mean vessel area (p=0.020) and geodesic distance (p=0.048) decreased significantly. Multivariate analysis demonstrated baseline ischaemic index and Goldberg stage are correlated with progression.ConclusionLongitudinal ischaemic index and retinal vascular parameter measurements demonstrate statistically significant progression in SCR. The clinical significance of these relatively small magnitude changes remains unclear but may provide insights into the progression of retinal ischaemia in SCR.
Relationship between mean follow-up intraocular pressure, rates of visual field progression and current target intraocular pressure guidelines
Authors: Melchior Bruna , De Moraes Carlos Gustavo , Paula Jayter S , A Cioffi George , Girkin Christopher A , Fazio Massimo A , N Weinreb Robert , M Zangwill Linda , M Liebmann Jeffrey 
Published: October 2020

AimsTo investigate if eyes presenting intraocular pressure (IOP) within the limits of current guideline-driven target IOP indeed experience slow rates of glaucomatous visual field (VF) progression.MethodsA total of 8598 24-2 VF tests from 603 eyes from the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study with manifest glaucoma were included. The sample was split into three groups based on baseline VF mean deviation (MD): G1 (better than −5.0 dB), G2 (−5.0 to −10 dB) and G3 (worse than −10 dB). We investigated the relationship between existing target IOP guidelines and rates of MD progression in these groups.ResultsFor stable eyes, the medians and IQR of the mean follow-up IOP were G1=15.0 mmHg (IQR: 13.1 to 17.7), G2=13.2 mmHg (IQR: 11.6 to 14.3) and G3=11.9 mmHg (IQR: 10.1 to 13.8) (p<0.01). When considering the mean follow-up IOP within the limits proposed by current guidelines, the median MD slopes were: −0.20 dB/y (IQR: −0.43 to −0.02) for G1<21 mmHg, −0.19 dB/y (IQR: −0.51 to −0.01) for G2<18 mmHg and −0.15 dB/y (IQR: −0.47 to 0.05) for G3<15 mmHg (p=0.63). There were no significant differences between racial groups.ConclusionIn a sample of patients with manifest glaucoma, despite substantial variability between eyes, adherence to treatment guidelines helped slow the rates of global VF progression at various stages of disease.Trial registration numberclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00221923.
Reference architectures for ambient assisted living: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Bublitz Frederico , Sahota Naman K , Oetomo Arlene , Fadrique Laura , Morita Plinio P 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionFor the first time in human history, the number of older people will be higher than the number of children. The prevalence of chronic diseases, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and mental disorders in older adults is high. Given that, it is essential to make usage of related technology to provide improved health conditions and reduce the costs for promoting ageing in place, and that is precisely the aim of Ambient Assisted Living technology. Considering that these systems provide significant benefit to a vast number of stakeholders, can be applied to the functional diversity of application domains and have high economic and social impacts, it is essential to create reusable and interoperable platforms and standards that are able to deal with the heterogeneity of applications and domains. In this sense, reference architectures have been proposed and evaluated. A comprehensive scoping review concerning the reference architectures must clarify specific aspects, such as what the main domains are and how the solutions effectively deal with them.MethodsThis scoping review will follow the methodology framework defined in ‘Scoping studies: advancing the methodology’. In this methodological framework, six stages are proposed for scoping review studies: identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies; study selection; charting the data; collating, summarising and reporting the results; and consultation. The research questions aim to investigate what are the motivations, stakeholders, benefits, domains, approaches, architectural components and governance aspects of the proposed reference architectures and models. The team will focus on the Scopus Document Search, PubMed (MEDLINE), IEEE Xplore Digital Library, ACM Digital Library and Science Direct electronic research databases. The search query is a combination of terms related to Ambient Assisted Living AND Reference Architecture.Ethics and disseminationThis is a scoping review study and there is no requirement for ethical approval, as primary data will not be collected. The results from this scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and reported at scientific meetings. We intend to share the results with the International Standards and Conformity Assessment - SyC AAL from Canada to use the review as a basis for establishing an assessment model of reference architectures.
Primary care practitioners’ diagnostic action when the patient may have cancer: an exploratory vignette study in 20 European countries
Authors: Harris Michael , Brekke Mette , Dinant Geert-Jan , Esteva Magdalena , Hoffman Robert , Marzo-Castillejo Mercè , Murchie Peter , Neves Ana Luísa , Smyrnakis Emmanouil , Vedsted Peter , Aubin-Auger Isabelle , Azuri Joseph , Buczkowski Krzysztof , Buono Nicola , Foreva Gergana , Babić Svjetlana Gašparović , Jacob Eva , Koskela Tuomas , Petek Davorina , Šter Marija Petek , Puia Aida , Sawicka-Powierza Jolanta , Streit Sven , Thulesius Hans , Weltermann Birgitta , Taylor Gordon 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesCancer survival rates vary widely between European countries, with differences in timeliness of diagnosis thought to be one key reason. There is little evidence on the way in which different healthcare systems influence primary care practitioners’ (PCPs) referral decisions in patients who could have cancer.This study aimed to explore PCPs’ diagnostic actions (whether or not they perform a key diagnostic test and/or refer to a specialist) in patients with symptoms that could be due to cancer and how they vary across European countries.DesignA primary care survey. PCPs were given vignettes describing patients with symptoms that could indicate cancer and asked how they would manage these patients. The likelihood of taking immediate diagnostic action (a diagnostic test and/or referral) in the different participating countries was analysed. Comparisons between the likelihood of taking immediate diagnostic action and physician characteristics were calculated.SettingCentres in 20 European countries with widely varying cancer survival rates.ParticipantsA total of 2086 PCPs answered the survey question, with a median of 72 PCPs per country.ResultsPCPs’ likelihood of immediate diagnostic action at the first consultation varied from 50% to 82% between countries. PCPs who were more experienced were more likely to take immediate diagnostic action than their peers.ConclusionWhen given vignettes of patients with a low but significant possibility of cancer, more than half of PCPs across Europe would take diagnostic action, most often by ordering diagnostic tests. However, there are substantial between-country variations.
Nurses’ experiences of patient safety incidents in Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Choi Eun Young , Pyo Jeehee , Lee Won , Jang Seung Gyeong , Park Young-Kwon , Ock Minsu , Lee Sang-Il 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the scope and severity of the second victim problem among nurses by examining the experiences and effects of patient safety incidents (PSIs) on them.Participants/setting492 nurses who had experienced PSIs and provide direct care in South Korean medical institutions.DesignA cross-sectional study with anonymous online self-report questionnaires was conducted to nurses in order to examine the experiences and effects of PSIs. Scales measuring post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) were used for a more quantitative examination of the effects of PSIs. A χ2test was administered to find any difference in responses to difficulties due to PSIs between the direct and indirect experience of PSIs. Furthermore, linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors related to scores on the PTSD and PTED scales.ResultsA statistically significant difference was observed for participants who reported having experienced sleeping disorders, with those with direct experience showing 42.4% sleeping disorders and indirect experience at 21.0%. Also, there was a statistically significant difference between the 34.3% with direct experience and the 22.1% with indirect experience regarding having considered duty or job changes (resignation). Regression analysis showed total PTSD scores for indirect experience at 11.97 points (95% CI: −17.31 to −6.63), lower than direct experience. Moreover, those who thought the medical error was not involved in PSI had a total PTED score 4.39 points (95% CI: −7.23 to −1.55) lower than those who thought it was involved.ConclusionsA considerable number of nurses experienced psychological difficulties due to PSIs at levels that could interfere with their work. The effect of PSIs on nurses with direct experience of PSIs was greater compared with those with indirect experience. There need to be psychological support programmes for nurses to alleviate the negative effects of PSIs.
Metoprolol for prophylaxis of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery patients: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Norhayati Mohd Noor , Shaiful Bahari Ismail , Zaharah Sulaiman , Nik Hazlina Nik Hussain , Mohammad Aimanazrul Zainuddin , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

PurposePostoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a potentially lethal and morbid complication after open heart surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate metoprolol compared with other treatments for prophylaxis against POAF.MethodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and trial registries for randomised controlled trials that evaluated metoprolol for preventing the occurrence of POAF after surgery against other treatments or placebo. Random-effects model was used for estimating the risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences with 95% CIs.ResultsNine trials involving 1570 patients showed metoprolol reduced POAF compared with placebo (416 patients; RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.66; I²=21%; risk difference (RD) –0.19, 95% CI –0.28 to –0.10). However, metoprolol increased the risk of POAF compared with carvedilol (159 patients; RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.12; I²=4%; RD 0.13, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.20). There was no difference when compared with sotalol or amiodarone. The occurrence of cardiovascular conditions after drugs administration or death between the groups was not different. The overall quality of evidence was moderate to high. Subgroup analysis and funnel plot were not performed.ConclusionsMetoprolol is effective in preventing POAF compared with placebo and showed no difference with class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Death and thromboembolism are associated with open heart surgery, but not significant in relation to the use of metoprolol.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019131585.