bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardization construction and development trend of bridge health monitoring systems in China
Authors: Zhou Guang-Dong , Yi Ting-Hua , Li Wen-Jie , Zhong Ji-Wei , Zhang Guan-Hua 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBridge health monitoring (BHM) technology has been widely accepted as a powerful tool to assess structural performance and has moved from research to practice. Driven by the enormous demand of ensuring bridge safety, the application of BHM technology is particularly active in China and has become an emerging industry in the civil engineering community. It is a common belief among civil engineers that the development and implementation of industry standards will be of paramount importance in guiding the healthy development of BHM and increasing the transfer of professional knowledge and techniques to practical applications. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the standardization construction and development trend for BHM in China. The achievements, characteristics, and challenges of China’s bridge construction are first introduced. Then, the existing problems of BHM and the necessity of constructing the standardization system for the BHM industry are discussed. Following that, these standards published for guiding BHM system design, construction, management, and maintenance, especially sensor selection, sensor placement, sensor installation, data transmission, data storage, data processing, and early warning, are outlined. Finally, work requiring further efforts in the near future is drawn.
Which instruments are used to measure shared, supported and assisted healthcare decision-making between patients who have limited, impaired or fluctuating capacity, their family carers and healthcare professionals? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Fattori Francesco , O'Donnell Deirdre , Rodríguez-Martín Beatriz , Kroll Thilo 
Published: November 2020

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) is a dialogical relationship where the physician and the patient define the problem, discuss the available options according to the patient’s values and preferences, and co-construct the treatment plan. Undertaking SDM in a clinical setting with patients who have limited, impaired or fluctuating cognitive capacity may prove challenging. Supported (defined “Assisted” in the Irish context) decision-making describes how people with impaired or fluctuating capacity remain in control of their healthcare-related choices through mechanisms which build and maximise capacity. Supported and assisted decision-making (ADM) within healthcare settings is theoretically and practically novel. Therefore, there is a knowledge gap about the validity of psychometric instruments used to assess ADM and its components within clinical settings. This systematic review aims to identify and characterise instruments currently used to assess shared, supported and assisted healthcare decision-making between patients with limited, impaired or fluctuating capacity, their family carers and healthcare professionals. Methods: A systematic review and narrative synthesis will be performed using a search strategy involving the following databases (PubMed, Cinahl, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO). Quantitative studies published in the last decade and describing psychometric instruments measuring SDM, supported decision-making and ADM with people having limited or fluctuating capacity will be considered eligible for inclusion. Title and abstract screening will be followed by full-text eligibility screening, data extraction, synthesis and analysis. This review will be structured and reported according to the PRISMA checklist. The COSMIN Risk of bias checklist will be used to assess the quality of the instruments. Discussion: The results will inform and be useful to HCPs and policymakers interested in having updated knowledge of the available instruments to assess SDM, supported and assisted healthcare decision-making between patients who have impaired or fluctuating capacity, their family carers and healthcare professionals. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018105360; registered on 10/08/2018.
Evaluation of Beef Cattle Temperament Using Video Technology
Authors: Chen Xiaoming , Ogdahl William , Borhan Md. Saidul , Sun Xin 
Published: November 2020

HighlightsVideo processing technology was used to evaluate beef cattle temperament objectively.Multiple beef cattle temperament methods were compared with video processing technology.Potential automatic temperament evaluation systems could be developed based on our video processing method.Abstract. Cattle temperament has potential impacts on growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Both objective and subjective methods have been used to assess temperament, such as temperament score (TS), docility score (DS), flight speed (FS), and exposed eye white percentage (EW). Subjective methods for evaluating cattle temperament are labor-intensive and potentially stressful for the animals. Video technology (VT) has advantages of being noninvasive, automated and remotely operable, and compatible with cloud-based complex algorithms, which facilitates immediate field deployment of results. Because VT has not been reported as a beef cattle temperament evaluation method, the objectives of this study were to (1) verify the feasibility of VT as an evaluation method for beef cattle temperament, and (2) assess the accuracy and reliability of the VT measurements in comparison with TS and DS. A total of 170 calves were video recorded while they were in a squeeze chute; simultaneously, DS and TS measurements of the same calves were conducted. Maximum movement distance (MMD), average movement distance (AMD), and moving frequency (MF) were calculated according to the distances measured from the videos using an algorithm developed in this research. Pearson correlation coefficients among MMD, AMD, MF, TS, and DS were calculated and were 0.264 (p &lt; 0.001) for DS versus TS, 0.438 (p &lt; 0.001) for MF versus TS, 0.017 (p = 0.838) for AMD versus DS, 0.107 (p = 0.192) for AMD versus TS, 0.058 (p = 0.481) for MMD versus DS, and 0.077 (p = 0.350) for MMD versus TS. This study showed that MF could be a good indicator for assessing cattle temperament coupled with VT as a quantitative tool, requiring minimal equipment and thus providing an objective method for selecting cattle with appropriate temperaments. Keywords: Beef cattle, Temperament, Video technology.
Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride as saturable absorber for a 1.5  µm passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Cai Xiaofeng , Xie Liqin , Gu Ping , Zhang Zuxing 
Published: November 2020

We report on two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as saturable absorber (SA) material in a passively

Q

-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating at 1.5 µm. The 2D hBN film as an SA is fabricated and transferred onto the optical fiber tip by natural deposition technology. In the

Q

-switched operation, we obtain stable

Q

-switched laser operation with a maximum average 10% output power of 2.25 mW, corresponding to a repetition frequency of 55.5 kHz, shortest pulse width of 6.77 µs, and single pulse energy of 40.49 nJ. The achieved PQS at 1.5 µm EDFL with 2D hBN as an SA may have potential applications in many novel 2D materials and all-fiber lasers.
Biomimetic curved compound-eye camera with a high resolution for the detection of distant moving objects
Authors: Xu Huangrong , Zhang Yuanjie , Wu Dengshan , Zhang Geng , Wang Ziyuan , Feng Xiangpeng , Hu Bingliang , Yu Weixing 
Published: November 2020

In this Letter, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of a
biomimetic curved compound-eye camera (BCCEC) with a high resolution
for detecting distant moving objects purpose. In contrast to
previously reported compound-eye cameras, our BCCEC has two distinct
features. One is that the ommatidia of the compound eye are deployed
on a curved surface which makes a large field of view (FOV) possible.
The other is that each ommatidium has a relatively large optical
entrance and long focal length so that a distant object can be imaged.
To overcome the mismatch between the curved focal plane formed by the
curved compound eye and the planar focal plane of the CMOS image
sensor (CIS), an optical relay subsystem is introduced between the
compound eye and the CIS. As a result, a BCCEC with 127 ommatidia in
the compound eye is designed and fabricated to achieve a large FOV of
up to

98

∘

×

98

∘

. The experimental results show that
objects with a size of 100 mm can be clearly resolved at a distance of
25 m. The capture of the motion trajectories of a moving object is
also demonstrated, which makes it possible to detect and track the
moving targets in a huge FOV for security surveillance purposes.
Estimation of the cardiovascular risk using world health organization/international society of hypertension risk prediction charts in Central Vietnam
Authors: Anh Hien Ho , Tam Nguyen Minh , Tam Vo , Van Minh Huynh , Hoa Nguyen Phuong , Heytens Stefan , Derese Anselme , Devroey Dirk 
Published: November 2020

Introduction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the leading cause of the morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, the objective of this study was to estimate the total 10-year CVD risk among adults aged 40–69 years by utilizing World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk prediction charts in Central Vietnam.

Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study, multi-staged sampling was used to select 938 participants from a general population aged from 40 to 69. The CVD risk factors were then collected throughout the interviews with a standardized questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and a blood test. The cardiovascular risk was calculated using the WHO/ISH risk prediction charts.

Results
According to the WHO/ISH charts, the proportion of moderate risk (10–20%) and high risk (>20%) among the surveyed participants were equal (5.1%). When “blood pressure of more than 160/100 mmHg” was applied, the proportion of moderate risk reduced to 2.3% while the high risk increased markedly to 12.8%. Those proportions were higher in men than in women (at 18.3% and 8.5% respectively, p-value <0.001, among the high-risk group), increasing with age. Male gender, smoking, ethnic minorities, hypertension and diabetes were associated with increased CVD risk.

Conclusions
There was a high burden of CVD risk in Central Vietnam as assessed with the WHO/ISH risk prediction charts, especially in men and among the ethnic minorities. The use of WHO/ISH charts provided a feasible and affordable screening tool in estimating the cardiovascular risk in primary care settings.
Structural Equation Model: Intention To Use Mobile Banking of Bottom of Pyramid Customer
Authors: Kusumaningrum Dian , Saraswati Dewi Savitri , Seprianus Seprianus 
Published: November 2020

<p>The economy is shifting into the digital economy and to overcome it, the banking industry competes through innovation and digital strategy. Smartphone-based mobile banking is the key component of the digital strategy with 70% of the banks agree to focus their strategy on mass customer segment (PWC, 2017).</p><p>The purposes of the study are to identify the predicting factors influencing the intention to use mobile banking and empirically validate a model explaining the behavioral intention to use it, especially on the Bottom of Pyramid (BOP) segment. The model used was Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The data used for developing the model was based on a survey to 100 BOP households.</p><p>The results of this study show that the variables that have the highest significant effect on BOP’s customer intention to use mobile banking are involuntary barriers, followed by perceived risk, and attitude. This result can be further used by researchers and mobile banking providers to evaluate the existing mobile banking services to improve its contribution in providing better market penetration and more appropriate financial services for BOP and ultimately financial inclusion in Indonesia.</p>Keywords: <em>Mobile Banking, Intention, Structural Equation Model</em>
Accumulation of Knowledge by Strategic Public Procurement through Public-Private Partnerships for Service Innovation in Japan
Authors: Suehiro Taeko , Miyazaki Kumiko 
Published: November 2020

<p>This study focuses on how governments strategically procure public service through Public–Private Partnership (PPP) – or more specifically, Private Finance Initiative (PFI) arrangements. PPP/PFI is recognised as a key element of demand-oriented innovation policy in the field of social infrastructure. However, owing to the considerable uncertainty of each project, the benefits of PPP/PFI are subject to debate, as is the role of public procurement in fostering public service innovation. The purpose of this study is to examine how governments strategically procure public services from construction firms in Japan. We conduct a comparative case study of two waste-to-energy PFI projects to clarify how governments improved the public procurement.</p><p>The results suggest the following: first, municipalities utilise a greater extent of other municipalities’ experience through external experts (i.e. Ministry of Environment, advisors, committee members and potential bidders) and standardised service criteria. Second, the codification of tacit knowledge, which both public and private entities have gained from previous projects, is important for securing a robust and routinised service level and reaping the benefits of the scale of repetition. Third, interaction with private companies in the bidding process with an appropriate manner would foster public service innovation. Governments' capability development through the use of internal and external resources can create space for private companies to provide better service by accumulating tacit knowledge within the projects.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Keywords: Public procurement; Public–Private Partnership; Private Finance Initiative; Service innovation; Construction firm; Waste-to-energy</p>
Privačios kariuomenės: teisinė aklavietė
Authors: Medvedevaitė Akvilė , Meinoris Aurelijus 
Published: November 2020

War mercenaries can be traced back to the ancient era and it still survives to this day, though its form and means of use have significantly changed in the second part of the 20th century in response to changes in international law. Numerous countries nowadays are employing these modern mercenaries to replace their soldiers in many military roles. Due to the rapid spread of private military companies (PMC) and the number of contracts granted to them every year, a major concern has been raised, and until this day there are no clear international law documents that regulate the activities and define the legal status of these military contractors. Because of this, the question of PMC’s is seemingly in a grey zone of law. The main aim of this paper is to examine the trends of PMC’s, and the existing efforts to properly regulate them both on international and national levels.
Immunohistochemical study of IGF-I and IGF-II expression in canine mammary tumours: Prognostic and diagnostic role
Authors: Ozmen Ozlem 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMammary tumours are among the most common tumours in dogs and are of interest due to their similarities to human breast tumours. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are considered important in cell growth and development. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of IGF-I and IGF-II in benign and malignant canine mammary tumours. In this study, 10 benign and 10 malignant mammary tumours from the archives of the Department of Pathology were used, and five normal breast tissues were used as controls. It was observed that the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II was low to absent in benign tumours and increased in malignant tumours. The expression of IGF-II was higher than that of IGF-I. This study showed that IGF-I and IGF-II can be used as criteria for malignancy in canine mammary tumours. The results also indicate that IGF-I and IGF-II may be used as early diagnostic markers, and their inhibition may be used for the treatment of canine and human mammary tumours in the future.
Elektronik Bilgi Güvenliğinin Sağlanması ile İlgili Hukuki ve Etik Sorumluluklar
Authors: Henkoğlu Türkay , Özenç Uçak Nazan 
Published: November 2020

Zaman ve mekân sınırları olmaksızın herkesin bilgi ile buluşabildiği kültür merkezleri haline gelen bilgi merkezlerinde, yeni hukuki ve etik sorumluluklar kapsamında bilgi güvenliğinin sağlanarak gerekli ve yeterli önlemlerin alınması; yakın gelecekte bilgi merkezlerinde meydana gelebilecek birçok maddi ve manevi zararın önüne geçilmesini sağlayacaktır.
Bu çalışmada, bilgi merkezlerinin ve bilgi profesyonellerinin elektronik bilgi güvenliğinin sağlanması ile ilgili hukuki ve etik sorumlulukları, Türk Hukuk Mevzuatı ve mesleki etik kuralları kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda ilgili konulardaki teknik ve idari eksiklikler irdelenmiş ve literatüre dayalı hukuki ve etik sorumlulukların çelişen noktalarına dikkat çekilerek uygulanabilir çözümler üretilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca; konu ile ilgili hukuk alanında ihtiyaç duyulan düzenlemeler üzerinde durulmuş ve hukuk kuralları ile çelişmeyen etik değerlerin belirlenmesinde dikkate alınması gereken konulara değinilerek önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, bilgi profesyonellerinin bilgi güvenliği ile ilgili olarak farkındalıklarının arttırılması ve bu konuda görevlerini yaparken yükümlü oldukları hukuk kuralları ve mesleki etik değerler hakkında bilinçlenmelerinin sağlanmasının önemi vurgulanmıştır.
In what Sense Can the Scientifically Driven Theology Be Considered as a Continuation of the Doctrinal Tradition?
Authors: Grygiel Wojciech P. 
Published: November 2020

The central goal of the presented article is to show that the type of rationality proper to the method of the contemporary sciences yields a unique conceptual environment in which the spirit of rationality instilled to the theological thought by its encounter with the Greek philosophy finds its natural expansion. At the outset, the origins of the Greek rationality in the Ionian school of philosophy are briefly discussed in order to illuminate their adequacy for the exposition and defense of doctrine in the times of the early Church Fathers. Next, the specificity of the scholastic method of St. Thomas Aquinas briefly surveyed to indicate the nature of the unique harmony between faith and reason achieved by the Angelic Doctor. In the following step, the role of rationality in theology is gleaned through negative examples of its elimination as evident in nominalism and the subsequent Lutheran intervention. This is followed by a short discourse into of the origins and the specificity of the contemporary scientific method with particular emphasis on the method’s unique potential to expand and deepen the Greek rationality. Finally, a case study of the evolutionary theology is offered in which the implementation of the dynamic (evolutionary) picture of the Universe as the conceptual foundation opens up new and profound ways of understanding the Universe’s meaning and the meaning of man in particular. Thus the spirit of the hellenistic rationality in theology is not only preserved but also significantly enhanced.
O FOTÓGRAFO E O EQUILIBRISTA
Authors: Eduardo Robinson Achutti Luiz 
Published: November 2020

Um jovem ator e fotógrafo que deixou o teatro para, como fotógrafo, buscar o mundo. Ele também queria ser sociólogo e ingressou, na década de 1970, no curso de Ciências sociais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul que, quando descobriu a antropologia social. Mas a fotografia tinha que ir junto aonde ele fosse. Há 42 anos, nesse artigo composto por texto e fotografias que também se oferecem à leitura, o primeiro trabalho feito para a disciplina de um de seus grandes professores. O Fotógrafo e sua colega foram buscar o universo de um pequeno circo muito pobre, instalado por alguns dias numa das cidades da periferia de Porto Alegre no Rio Grande do Sul.
La Huerta del Cañete (Mazarrón): Agricultura histórica tradicional abandonada en un medio rural = Traditional historical agriculture abandoned in an unpopulated rural environment
Authors: Castejón Porcel Gregorio , Rabal Saura Gregorio 
Published: November 2020

En este estudio se analiza la conocida como Huerta de Cañete, histórico complejo hidráulico y agrícola emplazado en la aldea de La Majada (Mazarrón) originado a partir del aprovechamiento de las aguas de la Fuente de Cañete mediante la construcción de un minado o galería y cuya existencia fomentó una importante ocupación del entorno amparada en la disponibilidad de este preciado recurso para la producción agraria y el uso ganadero, doméstico e industrial. Un espacio de cultivo que guarda una historia de gran interés y que constituyó, desde su fundación siglos atrás, un auténtico oasis agrícola de una extensión considerable cuyos rasgos arquitectónicos principales todavía persisten al paso del tiempo, aunque en grave riesgo de desaparición por su pérdida de funcionalidad y la situación de desamparo y desprotección en la que se encuentran. Un vergel que, tras centurias de vida, languideció en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, quedando hoy día totalmente abandonado por diversos motivos naturales, sociales y económicos, constituyendo, de este modo, un símbolo de un reconocido proceso de despoblación de esta comarca rural de difícil reversión motivado por circunstancias claramente identificadas y de diversa índole, la mayoría en consonancia con procesos de migración rural acaecidos en otros enclaves con características vitales similares.In this work we study the Huerta de Cañete, a historic hydraulic and agricultural complex located in the village of La Majada (Mazarrón) which was possible thanks to the use of the waters of the Fuente de Cañete and whose existence fostered an important human occupation thanks to the availability of this resources for the agrarian production and for livestock, domestic and industrial use. A cultivation space which have a history of great interest and that constituted, since its foundation centuries ago, a true agricultural oasis whose main architectural features still persist over time, although at serious risk of disappearance for for their loss of functionality and the situation of neglec and lack of protection in which they find themselves. An orchard that, after centuries of life, languished in the last decades of the 20th century, being totally abandoned for various natural, social and economic reasons, thus constituting a symbol of a recognized process of depopulation of this rural region difficult to invest. Process motivated by clearly identified circumstances and divergence, the majority in line with rural migration processes that occurred in other enclaves with similar vital characteristics.