bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of mechanical properties considering hysteresis characteristic of high damping rubber bearing
Authors: Park K H , Fujiwara Y , Mazda T , Kajita Y 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Recently, laminated rubber bearings are widely used as seismic isolators for road bridges. Although many studies have been conducted on the dynamic model of High Damping Rubber (HDR) bearings, few models can reflect phenomena such as the dependency of experienced shear strain on initial history. To develop a model that can represent the dependency of the experienced shear strain of HDR and a dynamic loading test was conducted using HDR specimens. The hysteresis characteristics of HDR was measured by applying a horizontal vibration using a hybrid actuator under a constant vertical load. Based on the cyclic shear test, the mechanical properties of HDR were calculated such as absorbed energy, hysteresis loop area, equivalent stiffness, equivalent damping ratio. Dynamic analysis was also performed from the experimental results. The dynamic model applied in program analysis is a bilinear type double-target model. This model can express the nonlinear characteristics related to the initial history of HDR bearings. The parameters required for dynamic analysis were determined from the experimental results. Through this dynamic analysis, the effectiveness of the bilinear type double target model was verified. In this research, a high damping rubber specimen was used.
Influence of electromagnetic atomizers’ technical condition on power and ecological indicators of gasoline I.C.E. in operation
Authors: Khlopkov S , Danilov I , Khodyakov A , Danilov S , Leonteva L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Productivity of electromagnetic atomizers (EMA) of gasoline engines has been defined. It is established that EMA productivity removed from engine with an operating time of 30-60 thousand km, as well as new atomizers after their washing by ultrasound can change both productivity growth and its decrease. It is shown that the content of PCO and CH in the exhaust gases of car GAZ-27040 V (run of 30 thousand km) at engine work (on idling turns) with washed MA is below concentration of the specified toxic components in exhaust gases of the motor completed by unwashed ultrasound EMA It is established that the difference in compared values of capacity and a torque, obtained in testing on dynamometric stand (subroutine Pmax, for the EMA engine before processing by ultrasound) is not significant. In the tests conducted in subroutine Vconst, the gain of capacity of the EMA engine washed out by ultrasound has been 0.04 MJ·km−1 (1.71 %).
Redundant electromechanical actuator operation analysis in case of failures
Authors: Samsonovich S L , Rozhnin N B , Makarin M A , Larin A P , Obolenskiy Yu G , Abdulin R R 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the modern aircraft control systems electro-hydraulic actuators are used widely, due to structural and elemental redundancy, they remain operational even in case of two heterogeneous failures. However, the hydraulic systems supplying them require regular maintenance and have large overall dimensions. The more electric aircraft concept involves reducing the number of hydraulic systems and replacing part of the actuators with electromechanical ones powered by a centralized electrical system. This requires highly reliable electromechanical actuators development and determines to search for ways to implement their structural and elemental redundancy. The modern elements, including electric motors with rare-earth metals, wave gears and power electronics, has low mass and size specifications. However, the reliability issues associated with structural and elemental redundancy for electromechanical actuators are not well studied and are under development. In this article a redundant electromechanical rotary actuator and its reconfiguration algorithm descriptions are given for in the events of heterogeneous failures. This algorithm is used to compile a mathematical model and conduct simulation experiments. It is shown that by means of structural redundancy the actuator remains operable even in case of two heterogeneous failures.
Parameterization for addressing tasks on flat lever mechanisms kinematic analysis in the AutoCAD environment
Authors: Davydenko P A , Nesterenko M A , Timofeeva T V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The objectives on identifying all the links’ position in a flat lever mechanism within the considered time period, as well as determining the values of displacements, speeds and accelerations for the mechanism’s characteristic points are applied in engineering calculations in the course of the mechanisms designing process. Conducting kinematic analysis using the graphoanalytic method is a fairly accurate and visual method in training, but it is quite time-consuming and contains a lot of routine operations. This paper demonstrates a solution enabling to significantly reduce the number of routine operations by creating a dynamic block for the mechanism’s initial position with the parametric dependencies setting up. Designing is performed in the AutoCAD environment. This solution will help to quickly and accurately build a set of the flat lever mechanism links’ positions and display the characteristic curves for angular coordinates "φ" and time “t”. The algorithm for creating such a block, as well as the features of working with parametric models are described. The proposed method allows to introduce the research elements in studying the discipline “Theory of mechanisms and machines”. By imposing dimensional and geometric constraints, one can trace their influence on changing kinematic diagrams of the path, speed and acceleration.
Performance of a single effect absorbing chiller lithium bromide-water coupled to a solar collector
Authors: Souri K , Kashyzadeh K R , Naghdali A S , Mesbah M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, the potential of using solar energy which would be catch by a flat plate heat exchanger is investigated as the input source of heat to a single absorption refrigeration system of lithium bromide-water. Validating the simulation, results was compared to the theoretical and empirical results of previous studies. The daily operation of the refrigeration system for atmospheric data in Tehran’s typical day, shows that there would be an optimum number of flat plate collectors in the solar absorption system, which is 50 with a surface area of 5/38 square meters. This number, in addition to have a proper performance factor, can provide a cooling load of about 5 kilowatts, while the power consumption of pumping in the combined cycle is not considerable. Finally, the effect of different performance parameters including temperature of the heat generator, evaporator temperature on the daily efficiency of the solar refrigeration cycle has been investigated. As the evaporator temperature increases, the daily performance of the solar refrigeration system is increased.
Assessment of energy potential for heat recovery in the EU industry
Authors: Panayiotou G , Agathokleous R , Florides G , Christodoulides P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thermal processes account for 70% of the EU industry final energy, with 30% thereof being wasted through losses. This fact has been a motivating factor toward applying various technologies and methods for waste heat recovery. Already such technologies exist and are applied in many industrial sectors, while some “new” technologies have also been tested or suggested. It is therefore useful to obtain insight information into such processes, together with their temperature ranges and, hence, assess the potential market for each industrial sector. Here such an attempt is made, based on existing literature. Estimates on the total energy that can be recovered through the EU industry are given and a special case study on the important Iron and Steel industry is presented. This kind of information can be useful for the improvement of existing and the development of “new” technologies or techniques.
Plasticized epoxy composites for manufacturing of composite reinforcement
Authors: Kablov E N , Erofeev V T , Rimshin V I , Zotkina M M , Dergunova A V , Moiseev V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Composite rebar is a promising building material due to its advantages over steel rebar. Polymer reinforcement consists of a hardened matrix reinforced with a continuous fiber. The main role of the matrix is to determine the performance properties of the composite and to distribute stresses in the reinforcing filler. Optimization of the polymer matrix composition in terms of strength and technical parameters makes it possible to obtain a composite with high performance properties. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of modifying additives on the properties of the matrix for the production of composites with high technical requirements. When performing research, we considered modifiers that interact differently with the components of the polymer matrix as plasticizers. The first type of additive is able to combine with reactive groups of epoxy resin to form a three-dimensional product. Urea resin was used as such a compound. The second group of samples contained a furfurolacetone monomer-a substance that does not contain reactive groups with the resin, but interacts with the hardener of the epoxy resin. And the third type of modifier is dioctyl phthalate, whose role is to change the intermolecular and intramolecular interaction of the spatial structure that it fills. Optimization of compositions to identify areas with high physical and mechanical values was carried out using mathematical methods of experiment planning. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that with the optimal content of plasticizers, in all cases, there is an increase in the compressive and tensile strength indicators compared to materials without additives. Further increase in the content of modifying additives (above the optimal amount) leads to a decrease in strength.
Strength and deformability of cement stone, mortar and concrete during loading
Authors: Erofeev V T , Makridin N I , Maksimova I N , Moiseev V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes the structural strength and the main provisions of the mechanical behavior of cement systems under short-term loading. It presents the results of the research into concrete’s strength and deformability at the structural levels of the cement stone, mortar and concrete in general during loading. To fabricate concretes, manufacturable binders, quarry sands and rock – silica clay of the Penza region were used. The following materials were considered: cement stone with different W/C, cement mortar with different sands and with its addition in different proportions, and concrete with the use of a light aggregate – thermolith. It was found that when the W/C increases from 0.25 to 0.31, the ultimate compressibility and ultimate extensibility of cement stone increases to 9% and 29.5%, respectively. The introduction of various types of sand into the composition caused the reduced compressibility and extensibility of materials, despite the fact that the mortars became more plastic. The authors describe the fabrication technology and properties of a light aggregate based on a silica clay - thermolith. Tests of thermolith concrete showed the character of immediate elastic and rapidly increasing creep deformations development in the context of longitudinal compression and transverse expansion.
Planning an experimental study of water valves
Authors: Svintsov A P , Fominov V A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Designing the plan of the experiment represents the optimal control of empirical research while processing an incomplete knowledge of the mechanism of phenomena. Experiments are usually performed in small series according to a pre-compiled algorithm, optimal in a pre-defined range. After each series of experiments, the measurement results are processed and an informed decision is made. Statistical processing of experiment data allows us to get the correct research results with errors that do not exceed the tolerance limits. The research goal is to develop a program and plan for the experimental study of the laws and quantitative values of the hydraulic characteristics of water folding valves. As a result of the research, attention is emphasized on the preliminary processing of the experiment data provided for the design of the experiment to study the hydraulic characteristics of the valves. As a part of the research of the experiment design, a program for the experimental change in water flow through the passage opening of the water valves was developed and verified. The results of the research allow us to carry out experimental studies of the hydraulic characteristics of the valves and obtain data with a given statistical security.
Mathematical model to determine the runoff coefficient based on precipitation and curve number data, in the Manabi hydrographic demarcation, Ecuador
Authors: Zambrano X H V , Campos Cedeno A F , Mendoza Alava J O , Mendoza Cedeno J J , Sinichenko E K , Gritsuk I I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
During the last five decades, the forests and natural resources have been highly disrupted by human activities, causing a significant decrease of the plant coverage, consequently resulting in an increase runoff and soil erosion. Likewise, since 1989 non-basic information related to these topics has been obtained from the field, which does not allow appropriate hydraulic structure design. The purpose of the current paper is to determine the relation between the Curve Number CN and runoff coefficient C, from information of the 34 meteorological stations located in the Manabi Hydrographic Demarcation (MHD), during the period 1963-2013. This work is developed using information provided by several State institutions, and support of Geographic Information System. The information is processed using lineal correlation analysis to find an equation that relates the CN a C values.
Ore of the Tomtor rare-earth deposit for its industrial processing
Authors: Yu Malkova M , Zadiranov A N , Zaya Kyaw , Dkhar P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
One of the most promising rare-earth metal (REE) deposits is the Tomtor deposit. The purpose of the work was to study the technological sample of the Tomtor ore deposit to determine the methods of its industrial processing. To achieve this target, studies were conducted on the particle size distribution, mineral and chemical composition of the ore. It was established that the ore of the Tomtor deposit is a fine-disperse material, the particles of which are represented by polymineral aggregates of microcrystals smaller than micrometer. The ore belongs to pyrochlore-monazite-crandallite variety of phosphate-rare-metal ores and is rich in the content of minerals of rare-earth elements. Due to the fine-disperse and high complexity, the ore under this studying cannot be enriched by the traditional methods. An option for processing ore using combined pyro- and hydrometallurgy methods is proposed.
Comparison of food supply system in China and Japan based on food nitrogen footprints estimated by a top-down method
Authors: Shindo Junko , Oita Azusa , Hayashi Kentaro , Shibata Hideaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Food nitrogen footprints (N-footprints) for China in 2013 and Japan in 2011 were estimated with a top-down method (the N-Input method). This method evaluates the new nitrogen input for food production in both the country of interest and the countries from which food is imported. The food N-footprints in China and Japan were 21.96 kg N capita–1 yr–1 and 18.44 kg N capita–1 yr–1, respectively, which were similar to published values estimated with the N-calculator method, which evaluates nitrogen loss to the environment during production and consumption. To compare the nitrogen use efficiency for different type of food supplied in both countries, we calculated the ratio (R
I/O) of new nitrogen input to nitrogen output to each type of food domestically produced and imported. R
I/O for crops tended to be larger in China than in Japan, whereas the opposite was observed for livestock products. The larger N-footprint in China was mainly attributable to the higher per capita protein intake in China compared with Japan; per capita nitrogen intake in China has been increasing and is 6.95 kg N yr–1 in 2013, exceeding the intake in Japan (5.86 kg N yr–1 in 2011). We also showed that R
I/O can be converted to the virtual nitrogen factors, which can be used for N-calculator method, in heavy food importing countries. Some methodological differences in food N-footprint estimation methods were discussed. For example, approximately 10% of the N-footprint in both countries by the N-Input method was attributable to supply of secondary products such as sugar, vegetable oil and alcoholic beverages, but these were not included in the N-calculator method.
The effect of cultural practices and perceptions on global climate change response among Indigenous peoples: a case study on the Tayal people in northern Taiwan
Authors: Bayrak Mucahid Mustafa , Hung Li-San , Hsu Yi-Ya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Many Indigenous peoples are disproportionately affected by global climate change. Current research is focused on how Indigenous adaptation and mitigation strategies can be integrated into mainstream climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies. Through a mixed-methods approach, this study explored the effects of culture and local perceptions on coping strategies and adaptations to climate change among Indigenous communities, of which knowledge is inadequate, with a specific focus on two Indigenous Tayal communities in northern Taiwan (N = 101). From our findings, we developed a typology based on a polychoric factor analysis, which includes four key aspects: commercialized response; experience and anticipation; culture, preparedness and recovery; and external support and institutions. The typology shows that cultural practices and perceptions profoundly shape how Indigenous households respond to climate-related disasters and should therefore be incorporated more comprehensively into climate change adaptation and mitigation policy. Our findings reflect a nuanced understanding of Indigenous peoples’ complicated relationship with global climate change. The proposed typology could be used as a theoretical and/or policy-oriented framework to advance an agenda for strengthening Indigenous livelihood resilience to global climate change.
Formation and dissipation dynamics of the Asian tropopause aerosol layer
Authors: He Qianshan , Ma Jianzhong , Zheng Xiangdong , Wang Yanyu , Wang Yuhang , Mu Haizhen , Cheng Tiantao , He Ruilian , Huang Guan , Liu Dongwei , Lelieveld Jos 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) is characterized by enhanced aerosol concentrations in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere at 13–18 km altitude. A growing body of evidence suggests that the aerosol enhancement is closely connected with deep convection during the monsoon. However, the origin of the aerosols is under debate, and the key factors that determine the ATAL variability remain poorly understood. We investigated the formation and dissipation mechanisms of the ATAL and the inter-annual variation from a dynamical viewpoint using satellite observations and meteorological reanalysis data from 2012 to 2018. We identified the northern Bay of Bengal and adjacent land area, where air pollution from the Indian subcontinent converges, as the major convection source area of aerosols to the ATAL. The spatial extent of the ATAL, represented by the mean attenuated scattering ratio from satellite measurements, appears to be related to a secondary circulation driven by the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation. The aerosols are not homogeneously distributed within the ATAL, and descending motion in the western part is found to play an important role in dissipation of the layer. These findings elucidate the ATAL dynamics and associated regional and global air pollution transports.
Asymptotic behavior of Toeplitz determinants with a delta function singularity
Authors: Marić Vanja , Franchini Fabio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We find the asymptotic behaviors of Toeplitz determinants with symbols which are a sum of two contributions: one analytical and non-zero function in an annulus around the unit circle, and the other proportional to a Dirac delta function. The formulas are found by using the Wiener–Hopf procedure. The determinants of this type are found in computing the spin-correlation functions in low-lying excited states of some integrable models, where the delta function represents a peak at the momentum of the excitation. As a concrete example of applications of our results, using the derived asymptotic formulas we compute the spin-correlation functions in the lowest energy band of the frustrated quantum XY chain in zero field, and the ground state magnetization.
Entanglement and fermionization of two distinguishable fermions in a strict and non strict one-dimensional space
Authors: Cuestas Eloisa , Jiménez Martín D , Majtey Ana P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The fermionization regime and entanglement correlations of two distinguishable harmonically confined fermions interacting via a zero-range potential is addressed. We present two alternative representations of the ground state that we associate with two different types of one-dimensional spaces. These spaces, in turn, induce different correlations between particles and thus require a suitable definition of entanglement. We find that the entanglement of the ground state is strongly conditioned by those one-dimensional space features. We also find that in the strongly attractive regime the relative ground state is a highly localized state leading to maximum entanglement. Our analysis shows that in the strongly repulsive regime the ground state changes smoothly from a superposition of Slater-like states to a finite superposition of Slaters, this lack of accessible states yields to Pauli blocking as a strong signature of fermionization. Our results indicate that entangled states could be obtained in current experiments by reaching the non-interacting regime from the interacting regime. Entangled states could also be obtained when a state is brought from the interacting regime into the strongly repulsive regime by changing the scattering length near the confinement-induced resonance (CIR). Finally, we show that the first excited state obtained in the absence of interactions and the third excited fermionized state are maximally entangled.