bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memories of Lost Loved Ones
Authors: Mroz Emily , Bluck Susan , Carr Deborah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The death of a loved one is a challenging but also normative occurrence in later life (e.g., Thomson et al, 2018). Experiencing the death of others typically increases with age, so personal reaction to loss becomes an ongoing process (Harrop et al., 2016). When adults lose someone, the deceased person is often ‘gone but not forgotten.’ That is, they are remembered over time (Klass & Steffen, 2017). The way one remembers their lost loved one’s life and their death (e.g., Mroz et al., 2019) may influence post-loss emotional adjustment and personal views. This symposium brings together Psychology and Sociology researchers with data from Germany, the US, and China whose work elucidates the complex relation between loss and memory: we identify how remembering lost loved ones relates to both adaptive and difficult outcomes. In this symposium, Wolf et al. examine beneficial and harmful ways of using autobiographical memories after a personal loss. Mroz and Bluck identify how grief responses in older adult widows lead to functional use of memories from the very end of the spouse’s life. Fu and Idler focus on the directive function of autobiographical memory, examining how memory for end-of-life experience with loved ones influences current choices for aggressive end-of-life care. Bolkan and Weaver examine how early life experiences with loss influence later personal views and advance care planning. Our Discussant, Debby Carr, integrates these talks to elucidate how remembering loss experiences relate to not only current grief, but also to people’s preparations for the future.
Diverse Needs of Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: Qualitative Research in Malawi, South Korea, and the United States
Authors: Lee Youjung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite custodial grandparents’ significant contributions to their grandchildren’s healthy development, unique needs of older adults often remain unmet with a limited cultural understanding of intergenerational caregiving. Using a phenomenological approach, interviews and focus groups were conducted with 75 custodial grandparents in Malawi (n=29), South Korea (n=23), and the U.S. (n=23). Malawian grandparents presented financial and physical hardships; however, they experienced strong support from community. Korean grandparents reported similar needs as Malawian grandparents while additionally experiencing cultural biases toward grandparent-headed families (maternal grandparenting and adult child’s divorce). The U.S. grandparents disclosed increased needs for social support as well as family trauma with intergenerational impacts. The increase in custodial grandparent population across the world and findings from this comparative transnational research highlight the need for development of a model for culturally responsive practice with grandparent-headed families in a global context. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Grandparents as Caregivers Interest Group.
How the Lifestyle Leaders View and Manage Medications
Authors: Patskanick Taylor , Miller Julie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Medication management is an ongoing consideration for adults ages 85 and older, their caregivers, and healthcare providers. When asked about their attitudes and behaviors regarding medication management, over 73% of the Lifestyle Leaders reported taking 3+ prescription medications daily and managing their own medication regimes. 61.9% of participants had taken over-the-counter, non-prescription medication for pain over the past five years. When asked why some participants didn’t currently take prescription medications to manage pain, the most frequently-reported responses were: “I don’t feel that my pain warrants a prescription medication,” (19%, n=8), “I don’t want to deal with the side effects,” and “I don’t trust drug companies,” (9.5%, n=4, respectively). The Lifestyle Leaders reported they would be most likely to go to the internet (over their local pharmacist) to ask for advice about their medication(s). Meanwhile, 39% of Lifestyle Leaders would trust a robot to manage their medication(s) for them.
An Exploratory Study of Civic Engagement and Participation Among a Panel of Adults Ages 85+
Authors: Rudnik John , Patskanick Taylor , Miller Julie , D’Ambrosio Lisa , Coughlin Joseph 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The past twenty years have seen a surge in public attention devoted to increasing civic participation opportunities for older adults in the United States. At the same time, technology has transformed the way that information related to political and social issues is shared. A relatively small body of research has explored how older adults use technology-mediated platforms for political participation. In this study, the 85+ Lifestyle Leaders were surveyed to understand their experiences of civic engagement and participation. Responses to a questionnaire (N = 24) and focus groups (N = 22) indicate that participants are interested in and feel knowledgeable about social and political issues, but some forms of participation have decreased. Findings also suggest that there are opportunities for technology to facilitate engagement with and participation in social and political issues, for adults ages 85 and over. Issues of equity and accessibility will be highlighted in this presentation.
Rural Aging: Multidisciplinary, Multinational Innovations That Support New Approaches to Address Unmet Needs
Authors: O’Sullivan Roger , Holley Lyn , Bond Megan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The meaning of aging in rural areas is not well explored in the literature. To address this gap each presenter in this multidisciplinary and international group of researchers will address different components of rural ageing. An exact definition of “rural” is essential to forming, implementing or evaluating policies and programs impacting rural populations; however there is no universal definition. Cohen introduces definitional issues, and underscores the heterogeneity and regional variability of “rurality” and how such factors drive rural-urban disparities. Pendergrast, an early career researcher, reports results of in-depth semi-structured interviews that examined institutional influences of social networks on health of rural older adults, with specific focus on support services. Leavey describes lessons learned from the activities of PLACE-EE, a transnational partnership of public health agencies, local authorities, academics and ICT experts dedicated to improving the quality of life for older people. He describes the impacts on relationships of a program of community engagement and intergenerational exchange between younger and older citizens that used an assets-based approach. Żurek explores the potential for reward structures that can be embedded in ‘social games’ to motivate older adults to exercise in the context of research conducted in the rural US (Appalachia) and urban Poland (Krakow), and suggests a new direction that can inform services intended to improve health and happiness of rural adults. Our discussant will reflect on the major themes that emerge from these multidisciplinary perspectives, especially the potential for intersection of rural community-based innovations and learning from different regions of the world. Rural Aging Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Exploring How Hearing, Vision, and Cognition Affect Older Adults’ Driving Exposure Patterns
Authors: Vivoda Jonathon , Molnar Lisa , Eby David , Zakrajsek Jennifer , Zanier Nicole , DiGuiseppi Carolyn , Li Guohua , Strogatz David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Better information is needed about how declines in sensory and cognitive function affect older drivers. This study assessed how hearing loss affects engagement in four challenging driving patterns. Data from the AAA Longitudinal Research on Aging Drivers study was used, including objectively-measured driving; three measures of hearing: reported hearing aid use, self-rated hearing, and the Whisper Test; visual acuity (Tumbling E); and cognition (Trail Making B). Failing the Whisper Test in both ears was related to significantly lower percentage of trips (%trips) at night, on freeways, and during rush hour, but a higher %trips &gt;15 miles. Hearing aid use and self-rated hearing were not associated with any driving differences. Worse vision was related to a lower %trips &gt;15 miles, while worse cognition was associated with a lower %trips at night, on freeways, and during rush hour. The Whisper Test interacted with cognition for rush hour trips.
Evidence-Based Approaches to Suicide in Older Adults—Collaborative Care
Authors: Schoenbaum Michael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This individual symposium abstract will focus another evidence-based approach to mental health treatment and in older adults, the collaborative care model. Collaborative care is a consultation-based approach in primary care that has been described with multiple clinical trials, with significant benefit for access and treatment. The Prevention of Suicide in Primary Care Elderly: Collaborative Trial (PROSPECT) using the collaborative care model found that those older adults receiving the intervention had a higher utilization of mental health treatment (psychotherapy and/or antidepressant treatment) and had a 2.2 times greater decline in suicidal ideation over 24 months. The authors will describe the utility of using the collaborative care model on the identification of suicidal ideation and subsequent mental health treatment for older adults. The authors will also share about challenges and successes related to collaborative care implementation in healthcare settings for older adults, and relevant policy and financing components for the model.
Adapting the SHARE Program for Use With Families Facing the Challenges of Chronic Illness
Authors: Orsulic-Jeras Silvia , Whitlatch Carol 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Advances in diagnostic procedures have helped to make diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias more accurate and to occur earlier in the disease progression. For persons living with dementia and their family care partners, finding programs that meet their needs for support post diagnosis can be challenging. Likewise, for persons with chronic conditions, few programs exist which help care dyads to create a manageable plan of care that addresses each person’s concerns and fears. SHARE, (Support, Health, Activities, Resources, and Education), originally designed for dementia care partners, has shown positive outcomes for both members of the care partnership. This presentation describes the development of the six-session SHARE intervention, its implementation in community settings, and its current standing as an evidence-based program and product that has been commercialized. Discussion will also focus on adapting SHARE for use with chronic illness families, highlighting revisions to program procedures, materials, recruitment, and evaluation.
A Training Program for Professionals to Encourage Independence of Home-Living Older Adults: A Process Evaluation
Authors: Rooijackers Teuni , Zijlstra G A , van Rossum Erik , Vogel Ruth G , Veenstra Marja , Kempen Gertrudis I J , Metzelthin Silke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stay Active at Home (SAaH) was developed to change homecare professionals’ behavior towards encouraging older adults’ independence in daily activities. This mixed-methods study evaluated SAaH regarding implementation, mechanisms of impact, and context. SAaH was implemented in five Dutch homecare teams (162 professionals). Quantitative data were collected from all professionals, and five focus groups with 23 professionals and 4 interventionists were performed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis. SAaH was feasible to implement. Professionals visited on average 73% of the programme meetings. They reported positive changes in their knowledge, attitude, and skills, and perceived social and organizational support regarding the new way of working. The extent to which professionals applied SAaH in practice varied. SAaH was easier to apply among new clients. Perceived barriers were time pressure and staff shortages, and people’s resistance to change. Tailoring the intervention to professionals’ needs and wishes could improve their compliance. Part of a symposium sponsored by Nursing Care of Older Adults Interest Group.
Assisted Living Administrators’ Approaches to Advance Care Planning
Authors: Abken Elise , Bender Alexis , Vandenberg Ann , Kemp Candace , Perkins Molly 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Assisted living (AL) communities are increasingly home to frail, chronically ill older adults who remain until death. State laws mandate that AL facilities request copies of any advance care planning documents residents have and make forms available upon request. Using secondary data from a larger study funded by the National Institute on Aging (R01AG047408) that focuses on end-of-life (EOL) care in AL, this project investigated barriers and facilitators to conducting advance care planning in AL. Data included in-depth interviews (of 86 minute average length) with 20 administrators from 7 facilities around the Atlanta metropolitan area and aggregate data collected from each facility regarding facility, staff, and resident characteristics. Findings from thematic analysis of qualitative data showed that key barriers to planning in AL included lack of staff training and reluctance among administrators and families to discuss advance care planning and EOL care. Important facilitators included periodic follow-up discussions of residents’ wishes, often during care plan meetings, educating families about the importance of planning, and external support for staff training and family education from agencies such as hospice and home health. Three study facilities exceeded state requirements to request and store documents by systematically encouraging residents to complete documentation. These facilities, whose administrators discuss advance care planning and residents’ EOL wishes with residents and families during regular care plan meetings, were more likely to have planning documents on file, demonstrating the potential of long-term care communities, such as AL, to successfully promote advance care planning among residents and their family members.
Health Personality and Well-Being: An Overview
Authors: Martin Peter , Kim Joseph , Arieli Rotem , Cone Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is well established that there are interindividual differences in many areas of well-being. Based on previous segmentation research and work connecting personality traits to health outcomes, we developed the health personality segmentation model. The health personality segmentation model takes a person-centered approach to provide optimal health care based on segmenting individuals through health personality factors. The presentation provides an overview of health personality, defined as a set of individual dispositions that are directly related to health. We introduce the Health Personality Assessment based on our health personality segmentation model, and we link health personality with resilience, activation, as well as with physical and emotional well-being. Future research should evaluate the usefulness of this assessment in applied healthcare settings.
Examining Associations Between Legal Frameworks for Medical Planning and Intensity of End-of-Life Care
Authors: Berkowitz Melissa , Hoffman Allison , Sacco Anthony , Coe Norma 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aims to understand the correlation between the legal framework around planning for medical treatment and the intensity of care received at the end of life. Advance directives (AD) allow an individual to legally document their wishes for medical treatment and end-of-life care, and durable powers of attorney (DPOA) allow them to identify an individual to make medical decisions on their behalf in the event they are no longer able. These laws vary greatly across time, place, and in their complexity. We estimated fixed effects model, which controls for time-invariant and state-specific factors affecting end-of-life care. Our primary outcome variable is the number of inpatient hospital days during the last six months of life, sourced from the Dartmouth Atlas Project. Our explanatory variables are hand-collected state-level legal statutes including whether the state (a) has default surrogate laws, (b) recognizes the ability to create a DPOA and/or AD, (c) permits oral directives, (d) authorizes a combined AD/DPOA, and (e) provides an official registry for ADs. Preliminary findings show recognizing DPOA and AD are negatively correlated with our outcome variable (-2.6 days; Std err 0.272) as are having default surrogate laws (-0.36 days; std err 0.157). However, allowing oral directives had an opposite effect (-.46 days; std err 0.157). Neither authorized combined AD/DPOAs nor AD registries resulted with significant correlations. These findings indicate that the existence of a basic framework such as default surrogate laws and a law governing ADs are key policy features correlated with reduced intensity in end-of-life care.
Risk Aversion Among Male Older Adults: Does Veteran Status Matter?
Authors: Cheng Kent Jason , Landes Scott , Wilmoth Janet 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Risk aversion determines how people make decisions and is known to predict a wide array of economic outcomes. This study assessed whether there are veteran status differences in risk aversion utilizing the Health and Retirement Study. Risk aversion is based on hypothetical financial gambles (N=2,121; 2006 wave) and self-reported risk attitudes on selected topics (N= 4,980; pooled 2014 and 2016 waves of the Leave-Behind Survey). Results from multivariate analyses reveal that veterans were more likely to be risk averse than nonveterans in financial matters, occupation, and health, but veteran status is not statistically significant in explaining risk taking in driving and leisure, and sport risk. Further research is needed to discern the role of military service-related experiences in determining levels of risk aversion among veterans and the extent to which risk aversion accounts for veteran status differences in later-life economic outcomes. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Aging Veterans: Effects of Military Service across the Life Course Interest Group.
Empathy and Coping: Older Adults’ Social Encounters and Mood Throughout the Day
Authors: Huo Meng , Ng Yee To , Birditt Kira , Fingerman Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Scholars have proposed empathy as a key characteristic of strong social ties, but little is known about the role empathy plays when tensions occur in these ties. We examined whether older adults’ empathy was associated with their (a) coping strategies for interpersonal tensions, and (b) momentary mood when tensions occurred throughout the day. Data were from the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study. Older adults (n = 302) rated empathy, reported avoidant, constructive, and destructive coping strategies, and indicated tensions and mood every 3 hours each day over 5 to 6 days. More empathic older adults used constructive strategies more often and destructive strategies less often than less empathic older adults. Interpersonal tensions were associated with reduced positive mood throughout the day, but this link was attenuated by older adults’ empathy. This study advances our understanding of empathy and social experiences in later life with a focus on the negative moments.
Why Are Inequalities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy by Socioeconomic Position Widening?
Authors: Jagger Carol 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Life expectancy has increased over previous decades, but several countries are seeing widening inequalities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by socioeconomic position (SEP). In this symposium we address three unanswered questions.1. Do DFLE trends differ for SEP groups, and which of the underlying transitions (incidence, recovery, death when disability-free, death when already disabled) explains the differences?2. Do DFLE trends by SEP depend on when in the life-course SEP is measured (early life - education, mid-life - occupational status or late-life - material disadvantage)?3. How much does multi-morbidity contribute to differing trends in DFLE by SEP, since multi-morbidity is more prevalent in low SEP groups? To answer these questions, we use unique longitudinal studies of older people across different generations in two countries: the UK (Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies – CFAS I and II) and Australia (Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia – HILDA). The first presentation sets the scene with findings from a systematic review of worldwide trends in life and healthy life expectancy by SEP. Presentations two and three examine the first question using DFLE at age65 by SEP defined by late-life disadvantage in CFAS (1991-2011), followed by HILDA (2001-2017). The fourth presentation investigates the effect of different life-course measures of SEP using HILDA. The final presentation from CFAS examines the third question. This symposium increases our understanding of how and why inequalities in DFLE by SEP are changing with the goal of achieving healthy ageing for all.
Building the Science: Current Studies on the Impact of Arts Engagement on the Health of Older Adults
Authors: Bernard Marie , Iyengar Sunil 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nearly a decade ago, a federal interagency task force on the arts and human development was launched as the result of a research summit held by the National Endowment for the Arts and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to investigate the arts’ relationships to health and well-being across the lifespan. Soon afterward, the National Institute on Aging partnered with the Arts Endowment and the National Academy of Sciences to identify research recommendations to benefit healthy aging and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in older-adult populations. While this session will revisit some of those findings, it also will share more recent advances in biomedical and behavioral research being conducted by a growing network of “Sound Health” researchers at the nexus of neuroscience, music, and health==with direct implications for the future of research on the arts and aging.
The Science of Ageism: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back
Authors: Lee Jerin , Shook Natalie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The past two decades have been marked by a rapidly aging population in the U.S. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2018), making prejudicial attitudes toward older adults (i.e., ageism) and the impact of such attitudes more relevant. As such, ageism researchers have worked tirelessly to not only understand this normalized and insidious form of bias, but also develop efforts to combat it. This symposium will feature four ageism researchers who will showcase both the growing pains and novel contributions of ageism research, ranging from the impact of ageism on psychological health to ageism interventions to issues related to the measurement of ageism. Specifically, Dr. Ayalon will present findings regarding difficulties with the assessment of exposure to ageism and the consequences of ageism for psychological well-being. Dr. Horhota will share research demonstrating challenges associated with confronting ageism. Dr. Levy will present a model showcasing factors associated with the reduction of ageism. Ms. Lee will discuss research findings examining the construct validity of several ageism measures. These talks highlight theoretical and real-world implications associated with the complex nature of ageism, providing important directions for enriching ageism research going forward.