bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Appraisal of Respiratory System Compliance In Mechanically Ventilated Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Bassi Gianluigi Li , Suen Jacky , Dalton Heidi , White Nicole , Shrapnel Sally , Fanning Jonathon P. , Liquet Benoit , Hinton Samuel , Vuorinem Aapeli , Booth Gareth , Millar Jonathan , Forsyth Simon , Panigada Mauro , Laffey John , Brodie Daniel , Fan Eddy , Torres Antoni , Chiumello Davide , Corley Amanda , Elhazmi Alyaa , Hodgson Carol , Ichiba Shingo , Luna Carlos , Murthy Srinivas , Nichol Alistair , Yeung Pauline , Ogino Mark , Pesenti Antonio , Trieu Huynh Trung , Fraser John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Heterogeneous respiratory system static compliance (CRS) values and levels of hypoxemia in patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) requiring mechanical ventilation have been reported in previous small-case series or studies conducted at a national level.
Methods

We designed a retrospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering from the international COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium study to comprehensively describe the impact of CRS on the ventilatory management and outcomes of COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation (MV), admitted to intensive care units (ICU) worldwide.
Results

We enrolled 318 COVID-19 patients enrolled into the study from January 14th through September 31th, 2020 in 19 countries and stratified into two CRS groups. CRS was calculated as: tidal volume/[airway plateau pressure-positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)] and available within 48 h from commencement of MV in 318 patients. Patients were mean ± SD of 58.0 ± 12.2, predominantly from Europe (54%) and males (68%). Median CRS (IQR) was 34.1 mL/cmH2O (26.5–45.5) and PaO2/FiO2 was 119 mmHg (87.1–164) and was not correlated with CRS. Female sex presented lower CRS than in males (95% CI: -13.8 to -8.5 P < 0.001) and higher body mass index (34.7 ± 10.9 vs 29.1 ± 6.0, p < 0.001). Median (IQR) PEEP was 12 cmH2O (10–15), throughout the range of CRS, while median (IQR) driving pressure was 12.3 (10–15) cmH2O and significantly decreased as CRS improved (p < 0.001). No differences were found in comorbidities and clinical management between CRS strata. In addition, 28-day ICU mortality and hospital mortality did not differ between CRS groups.
Conclusions

This multicentre report provides a comprehensive account of CRS in COVID-19 patients on MV – predominantly males or overweight females, in their late 50 s – admitted to ICU during the first international outbreaks. Phenotypes associated with different CRS upon commencement of MV could not be identified. Trial documentation: Available at https://www.covid-critical.com/study.
Trial registration
ACTRN12620000421932.
THETA: Machine-learning Algorithm for Evaluating Hybrid Operation Theater Entry of Trauma Patients
Authors: Senda Atsushi , Endo Akira , Kinoshita Takahiro , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

The clinical benefits of hybrid operating rooms are recognized globally. However, appropriate conditions for entry into such rooms must be urgently established, because they exclusively benefit few patients under severe trauma while requiring a significant amount of resources. This paper presents an algorithm to triage trauma patients into a hybrid operating room.
Methods

This retrospective observational study was conducted using the Japan Trauma Data Bank database comprising information collected between January 2004 and December 2018. A machine-learning-based triage algorithm is developed using the baseline demographics, injury mechanisms, and vital signs obtained from the database. The analysis dataset comprised information regarding 117,771 trauma patients with abbreviated injury scale (AIS) > 3. The performance of the proposed model was compared against those of other statistical models (logistic regression and classification and regression tree [CART] models) while considering the status quo entry condition (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg).
Results

The proposed trauma hybrid-suite entry algorithm (THETA) outperforms other algorithms (PR-AUC: THETA [0.59], logistic regression model [0.22], and CART [0.20]; AUROC: THETA [0.93], logistic regression model [0.88], and CART [0.86]), thereby facilitating appropriate triaging of patients who would potentially benefit from resuscitation performed using angiographic percutaneous techniques and operative resuscitation suites.
Conclusions

An accurate machine-learning-based algorithm is developed to triage patient entry into hybrid operating rooms via a web application, thereby enabling emergency doctors to utilize limited medical resources more efficiently.
Local Ecological Knowledge Networks in Tropical Artisanal Shrimp Fisheries
Authors: Castro Rafael Barros de , Fabré Nidia Noemi , Oliveira Aldo da Silva , Júnior José Gilmar Cavalcante de Oliveira , Batista Vandick da Silva 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLocal ecological knowledge (LEK) in fishing communities is generated through interactions between fishers and the exploited resources. It is transmitted through social networks, interdisciplinary structures that drives the dynamics of socio-ecological systems (SES). LEK variability is supposed to depend on the quality and quantity of ecological information flow among different stakeholders. To assess what is driving LEK themes, we hypothesized that the formation of LEK clusters among fishers is determined by network articulation, fisher experience and the commercial value of the exploited species. MethodsThe study area comprises three fishing communities in the Western South Atlantic, in the tropical coastal zone of Brazil where artisanal shrimp fisheries (on Penaeus schmitti, P. subtilis and Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) are a major activity. Data collection took place between March, April, and November 2019. To test our hypothesis, linear regression and bipartite network analyses were performed to visualize the interactions between fishermen groups and LEK themes. The connectivity, nesting, modularity, and centrality parameters in this social network were calculated to test the hypothesis. ResultsOur results indicate that experienced fishers enhance LEK in their networks on the themes of food, mortality, and growth. Furthermore, there are subgroups of fishers with dissimilar knowledge about the exploited shrimp species, one old on the fishery with wide knowledge, other less experienced, just knowing about reproduction and migration themes. ConclusionWe conclude that there is a spatial similarity in the connectivity of fisher’s LEK, mainly concerning the reproductive and migratory dynamics of the target species, but also differences permeated by fishers’ experience and local interests. Managers initiating co-management agreements using reproduction and migration referential variables as benchmarks will be more successful if they incorporate LEK into decision-making. Regional knowledge similarities favor the implementation of management policies at a regional scale potentially reducing conflicts within fishing communities and increasing resource use efficiency.
Influence of Participation in a Quality Improvement Collaborative on Staff Perceptions of Organizational Sustainability
Authors: II James H Ford , Gilson Aaron 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Sustainability capacity (SC), which is an organization’s ability to implement and maintain change, is influenced by internal attributes, environmental contextual influencers, and intervention attributes. Temporal changes in staff SC perceptions, as well as the influence of quality improvement collaborative (QIC) participation, has generally not been explored. This project addresses this gap, measuring staff SC perceptions at four time points (baseline and every 9 months) for clinics participating in an intervention – the Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment QIC initiative (called NIATx200).Methods: A mixed linear model repeated measures analysis was applied to matched staff members (n=908, representing 2,329 total cases) across the evaluation timeframe. Three separate statistical models assessed potential predictors of SC perceptions: Time (Models I-III); NIATx200 intervention, staff job function, and tenure (Models II &III); and NIATx200 participation hours and four organizational variables (Model III).Results: For Model I, staff perceptions of total SC increased throughout most of the study (t1,4=-6.74, p<.0001; t2,4=-3.100, p<.036; t3,4=-0.23, p=ns). Model II did not change Model I’s overall Time effect, but combined NIATx200 services (t=-2.23, p=.026), staff job function (t=-3.27, p=.001), and organizational administrators (t=-3.50, p=.001) were also significantly associated with greater perceptions of total SC. Inclusion of additional variables in Model III demonstrated the importance of a higher participation level (t=-3.09, p<.002) and being in a free-standing clinic (t=-2.06, p<.04) on staff perceptions of total SC. Conclusion: Although staff exposure to sustainability principals was minimal in NIATx200, staff perceptions about their organization’s SC significantly differed over time. However, an organization’s participation level in a QIC became the principal predictor of staff SC perceptions, regardless of other factors’ influence. Given these findings, it is possible to develop and introduce specific sustainability content within the structure of a QIC to assess the impact on staff SC perceptions over time and the sustainment of organizational change.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00934141 Registered July 6, 2009. Retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00934141
The Fermented Soy Beverage Q-CAN® Plus Induces Beneficial Changes in the Oral and Intestinal Microbiome
Authors: Dioletis Evangelos , Paiva Ricardo , Kaffe Eleanna , Secor Eric R. , Weiss Theresa R. , Fields Maxine R. , Ouyang Xinshou , Ali Ather 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Soy products are associated with many beneficial health consequences, but their effects on the human intestinal microbiome are poorly characterized. Objectives: To identify the changes in the oral and fecal microbiome in lean and obese participants due to consumption of Q-CAN®, and to assess the expected consequences of these changes based on the published literature. Methods: Prospective study of lean (10) and obese (9) participants consuming Q-CAN® twice daily for 4 weeks with 8 weeks follow-up. Microbial DNA was extracted from saliva and stool samples, amplified against the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and data analyzed using QIIME 1.9.1 bioinformatics. 440 samples were collected in total, 424 of which were productive and yielded good quality data. Results: STOOL. In the lean population Bifidobacteria and Blautia show a significant increase while taking Q-CAN®, and there was a trend for this in the obese population. ORAL. There were relatively fewer major changes in the oral microbiome with an increase in the family Veillonellaceae in the lean population while on Q-CAN®. Conclusion: Q-CAN® consumption induced a number of significant changes in the fecal and oral microbiome. Most notably an increase in the stool microbiome of Bifidobacteria and Blautia, both of which are associated with positive health benefits, and in the saliva an increase in Veillonellaceae. Trial registration: This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov on January 14th 2016. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02656056
A mixed-methods evaluation of the impact of a person-centered family planning intervention for community health workers on family planning outcomes in India
Authors: Diamond-Smith Nadia , McDonell Claire , Sahu Ananta Basudev , Roy Kali Prasad , Giessler Katie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Person-centered quality for family planning has been gaining increased attention, yet few interventions have focused on this, or measured associations between person-centered quality for family planning and family planning outcomes (uptake, continuation, etc.). In India, the first point of contact for family planning is often the community health care worker, in this case, Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs). Methods: In this study, we evaluate a training on person-centered family planning as an add-on to a training on family planning provision for urban ASHAs in Varanasi, India in 2019 using mixed methods. We first validate a scale to measure person-centered family planning in a community health worker population and find it to be valid. Higher person-centered family planning scores are associated with family planning uptake. Results: Comparing women who saw intervention compared to control ASHAs, we find that the intervention had no impact on overall person-centered family planning scores. Women in the intervention arm were more likely to report that their ASHA had a strong preference about what method they choose, suggesting that the training increased provider pressure. However, qualitative interviews with ASHAs suggest that they value person-centered care for their interactions and absorbed the messages from the intervention.Conclusions: More research is needed on how to intervene to change behaviors related to person-centered family planning. This study received IRB approval from the University of California, San Francisco (IRB # 15-25950) and was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04206527)
Improving the transition process to independent living for adolescents with profound intellectual disabilities. Experiences of parents and employees.
Authors: Roos Eirik , Sondenaa Erik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The transition process from the family home to independent living for young adults with profound intellectual disability (PID) becomes delayed. Those families face challenges that exceed those of typical families such as higher objective and subjective burden, more frequent psychological distress and lower social support. The aim of this study was to explore the collaboration process between parents and employees and identify factors that improve the transition with less burden. Methods A descriptive qualitative study was undertaken with 18 persons (9 parents and 9 employees) interviewed individually and in groups. In accordance with the municipality`s guidelines, families with a child with PID should apply for housing, when the child turns 16. The purpose is to ensure interdisciplinary collaboration, information flow and coordinated services according to family’s needs. The main question in the interviews was ‘What was your experience with cooperation in the transition process, and what would you do to improve this process?’ The interviews were analysed with a thematic approach using systematic text condensation.Results The parents experienced a lack of general information about the ‘housing waiting list’, level of services, and the plan for time of moving from the family home, and how to choose where and whom to live with. Parents described an unsustainable burden of care during the waiting period, and a family crisis caused the allocation of an apartment in a group house. Employees shared challenges to meet families’ wishes, as there were too few group homes. They experienced good collaboration with families and said they offered respite care, due to reduce parents’ burden of care. Employees experienced that PID adolescents developed skills, mastery and degrees of independence after completing a residency at the Folk High School. Conclusions To improve the transition process from family home to independent living for young adults with PID, the informants highlighted some factors to reduce the burden of care on families: 1) Systematic follow-up program for families to observe their needs at an early stage; 2) More available group houses; 3) Information about the housing priorities of the services and; 4) Educational preparation programs for families.
The Feasibility of Emotion-Focused Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder: A Pilot Randomised Waitlist Control Trial
Authors: Glisenti Kevin , Strodl Esben , King Robert , Greenberg Leslie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Research into psychotherapy for binge-eating disorder (BED) has focused mainly on cognitive behavioural therapies, but efficacy, failure to abstain, and dropout rates continue to be problematic. The experience of negative emotions is among the most accurate predictors for the occurrence of binge eating episodes in BED, suggesting benefits to exploring psychological treatments with a more specific focus on the role of emotion. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility of individual emotion-focused therapy (EFT) as a treatment for BED by examining the outcomes of a pilot randomised wait-list controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-one participants were assessed using a variety of feasibility measures relating to recruitment, credibility and expectancy, therapy retention, objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology outcomes. The treatment consisted of 12 weekly one-hour sessions of EFT for maladaptive emotions over three months. A mixed model approach was utilised with one between effect (group) using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the hypothesis that participants immediately receiving the EFT treatment would demonstrate a greater degree of improvement on outcomes relating to objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology, compared to participants on the EFT wait-list; and one within effect (time) using a repeated-measures ANOVA to test the hypothesis that participation in the EFT intervention would result in significant improvements in outcome measures from pre to post-therapy and then maintained at follow-up. Results: Recruitment, credibility and expectancy, therapy retention outcomes indicated EFT is a feasible treatment for BED. Further, participants receiving EFT demonstrated a greater degree of improvement in objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology compared to EFT wait-list control group participants. When participants in the EFT wait-list control group then received treatment and outcomes data were combined with participants who initially received the treatment, EFT demonstrated significant improvement in objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology for the entire sample. Conclusions: These findings provide further preliminary evidence for the feasibility of individual EFT for BED and support more extensive randomised control trials to assess efficacy. Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000563965) on 14 May 2020 https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000563965.aspx
A gene-based risk score model for predicting recurrence-free survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Wang Lingchen , Xie Xinsheng , Yan Yehong , Li Yue , Lu Quqin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the most frequent liver cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers worldwide. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) of HCC patients is a critical factor in devising a personal treatment plan. Thus, it is necessary to accurately forecast the prognosis of HCC patients in clinical practice.Methods Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we identified genes associated with RFS. A robust likelihood-based survival modeling approach was used to select the best genes for the prognostic model. Then, the GSE76427 dataset was used to evaluate the prognostic model’s effectiveness. Results We identified 1331 differentially expressed genes associated with RFS. Seven of these genes were selected to generate the prognostic model. The validation in both the TCGA cohort and GEO cohort demonstrated that the 7-gene prognostic model can predict the RFS of HCC patients. Meanwhile, the results of the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the 7-gene risk score model could function as an independent prognostic factor. In addition, according to the time-dependent ROC curve, the 7-gene risk score model performed better in predicting the RFS of the training set and the external validation dataset than the classical TNM staging and BCLC. Furthermore, these seven genes were found to be related to the occurrence and development of liver cancer by exploring three other databases. Conclusion Our study identified a seven-gene signature for HCC RFS prediction that can be used as a novel and convenient prognostic tool. These seven genes might be potential target genes for metabolic therapy and the treatment of HCC.
The effects of management of infection source of echinococcosis in Linzhi, Tibet autonomous region of China
Authors: Wang Ying , Ma Bing-Cheng , Wang Liying , Quzhen Gongsang , Pang Hua-Sheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Echinococcosis is highly endemic in western and northern China, Tibet Autonomous Region ( TAR) is the most serious prevalent area . Linzhi is located in southeastern part of TAR. Dogs are the main infection source for the transmission of echinococcosis to humans. A control and prevention campaign based on dog management has been conducted in the past three years. This study is to evaluate the effects of dog management on infection rate of dogs.Methods Data of dog population, registration and de-worming of seven counties/district in Linzhi were collected from the annual prevention and control report. Domestic dog fecal samples were collected from each endemic town of seven counties/district in Linzhi in 2019 to determine the infection of domestic dogs using coproantigen ELISA. Data analysis was processed using SPSS statistics to compare dog infection rate between 2016 and 2019 by chi-square test, and maps were mapped using ArcGIS.Results In Linzhi, domestic dog population has decreased from 17407 in 2017, 16512 in 2018, to 12663 in 2019, while the registration rate has increased from 75.9% in 2017, 95.5% in 2018, to 98.6% in 2019. Similarly, stray dog population has decreased from 14336 in 2017, 13067 in 2018, to 11837 in 2019, while sheltered rate has increased from 84.6% in 2017, 92.3% in 2018, to 96.6% in 2019. Dog de-worming frequency has increased from four times per annum in 2017 to 12 times in 2019, indicating that approximately every dog was dewormed monthly. A total number of 2715 dog fecal samples were collected for coproantigen ELISA assay. The dog infection rate was 2.8% (77/2715) in 2019, which was significantly lower than7.3% (45/618) in 2016 (P<0.05).Conclusions Increased dog registration, decreased dog population, and increased dog de-worming frequency contributed to significantly decreased dog infection rate in Linzhi, TAR. Control and prevention campaign based on dog management can significantly decrease dog infection with Echinococcus spp in echinococcosis endemic areas.