bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efecto del ozono en la disminución de carga bacteriana y en el mantenimiento de las propiedades fisicoquímicas de la leche: una alternativa para el consumo humano
Authors: Soque Alex , Baquero María Inés , Estupiñán Pamela , Medina José Luis , Puga Byron , Mosquera Jorge 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: La pasteurización de leche muy contaminada principalmente con esporas de clostridios, no es muy segura debido a que el calor no destruye a este agente biológico. Una alternativa es el uso de ozono (O3), un gas altamente oxidativo con amplio espectro antimicrobiano, pero no se conoce la dosis máxima que pueda ser aplicada a los alimentos.
Objetivo: Determinar la dosis y tiempo de exposición de la leche cruda al ozono, a fin de reducir la carga bacteriana, sin afectar las características físico-químicas.
Métodos: Estudio experimental en muestras de leche cruda cultivadas antes y después de la aplicación de O3 a diferentes dosis (50, 75 y 100 mg/L) y periodos de tiempo (10, 20 y 30 minutos), total nueve grupos (T1-T9) y un grupo control sin O3. El efecto del ozono fue evaluado a través de la determinación de carga de mesófilos, coliformes y Escherichia coli y de parámetros físico químicos en leche, en comparación con leche cruda, leche hervida y ultrapasteurizada.
Resultados: Todos los tratamientos fueron efectivos en reducir la carga bacteriana con respecto a la leche cruda. El T9 (100 mg O3/L durante 30 minutos), fue el más efectivo al permitir una reducción del 64.87% (2.53 Log10 UFC/ mL) del conteo inicial de mesófilos aerobios totales, una reducción del 100% (3.68 Log 10 UFC/mL) para coliformes totales y una reducción del 100% (3.67 Log10 UFC/ml) para Escherichia coli. No hubo cambios físico-químicos en la leche ozonizada (P ≥0.05), pero si en leche hervida y UHT comparada con la leche cruda.
Conclusiones: La ozonización es efectiva en la disminución de la carga bacteriana de leche cruda, sin alterar sus características físico-químicas
Caracterización de los usuarios hospitalizados por lesiones causadas por colisión en tránsito, en la Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander- Foscal, año 2012
Authors: Hernández Gamboa Adriana Elena , Arley Ardila Yerson 
Published: January 2020

ResumenIntroducción: Las lesiones por accidentes de tránsito se han convertido en un problema de salud pública a nivel local, nacional y mundial, el cual está relacionado con múltiples factores tales como el desarrollo socioeconómico, el crecimiento vehicular, la infraestructura, el incumplimiento de las normas de tránsito, el consumo de sustancias alcohólicas y psico-activas. Objetivo: Caracterizar los eventos de trauma por accidentes de tránsito en relación al individuo y al evento. Metodología: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo tipo descriptivo. Resultados: De los lesionados el 75.4% eran hombres y 24.6% mujeres. El 43.2% presentaban edades entre los 18 a 29 años. El 41% eran solteros y 32% casados. En el 78% de los casos, el vehículo involucrado fue moto. El 53% declararon ser conductores, 19% pasajeros y 17% peatones. El 50.4% de los eventos registrados ocurrieron en días de fin de semana. El 58% de los accidentes ocurrieron en horas del día. La autopista que conecta los municipios de Bucaramanga, Floridablanca y Piedecuesta, es el sitio de mayor ocurrencia de los accidentes de tránsito. El 97.6% de los lesionados del estudio, presentó estado VIVO al egreso hospitalario. Conclusiones: Las motos tienen un mayor riesgo de presentar eventos por colisión en tránsito, esto es comparable a otros estudios en los países de ingresos medios y bajos, dejando en evidencia la carencia de programas de prevención generen una cultura social, articulados con secretarias de educación, desarrollo social, salud y medio ambiente.[Hernández-Gamboa AE, Ardila YA. Caracterización de los usuarios hospitalizados por lesiones causadas por colisión en tránsito, en la Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - Foscal, año 2012. MedUNAB 2015; 17(3): 142-148].
Figurative Calligraphy: Artistic, Magic, and Religious Aspect of the Cirebon Glass Painting
Authors: Raden Agung Zainal Muttakin , Andrijanto Mohamad Sjafei , Sukarwo Wirawan 
Published: January 2020

Cirebon glass painting is a particularly famous artwork related to Islamic art in Indonesia. Aside from its aesthetic values, Cirebon glass painting also contained the symbol and message behind its ornaments. Figurative calligraphy with Arabic script is frequently used by glass painting artisans to make Cirebon glass painting. The resulted figurative calligraphy can take form resembling those of human figure, plants, animals, wayang, and the imaginary entity or particular symbols. As it is, Cirebon is one of the busiest port city in Java island. Therefore, many cultural exchanges happened by the interaction of many nationalities visiting Cirebon which later on assimilated to the local culture. This makes Cirebon glass painting unique since it was influenced by a mixture of cultures. This research focused on the elements that are contained on the Cirebon glass painting based on the artistic, magic, and religious aspect. The result in this research has an implication to expose the symbols, message and meaning behindCirebon glass painting and its synergy with the artistic, magic, and religious aspect that makes Cirebon glass painting survived and still doing well in Cirebon society nowadays.
Unity and Multiplicity in Islamic Geometric and Calligraphic Expression: A Photographic and Visual Journey of Space in Nusantara Mosques
Authors: Baniyamin Nurhaya , Kamaruddin Zumahiran , Abdul Razak Rajabi 
Published: January 2020

The paper describes how the experience and philosophy of Islamic unity and multiplicity are heightened through a photographic compilation of surface patterning; geometric and calligraphic in Mosques in the region. It then focuses on two mosques to highlight their particular contributions to achieved a contextualisation of such a universal aesthetic design and expression. Both masjid Negara Kuala Lumpur and the Istilal Mosque, Jakarta, represent key innovation, of prayer hall expression and decoration due to the contextualisation, and regionalization of essential geometric patterning, which departs from the usual stereotypical Islamic geometry to embrace and forward a Nusantara identity that resonates with minimalism and modernization in the industrialized world.
A Comparative Study of RIPASA Score and Modified Alvarado Score in Acute Appendicitis in Nepalese Population
Authors: Banepali Niroj , Koirala Kamal , Mukhiya Rupesh , Sthapit Rakesh Roshan 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Although acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition, its diagnosis can be elusive at times with misdiagnosis leading to serious complications. Various scoring systems have been developed to overcome this dilemma and the reported accuracies of these scores vary greatly.Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of charts was carried out to identify all patients admitted to KIST medical college teaching hospital from May 2015 to April 2016 with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A total of 120 cases that underwent surgery for suspected acute appendicitis were included. Modified Alvarado score and RIPASA scores were computed for each patient and the suggested cutoff values were used to find out the accuracy of these scores. Histopathological confirmation/report was considered as the standard for comparison.Results: A negative appendectomy rate of 11.67 % was observed (9.64 % for males and 16.22 % for females). Complicated appendicitis was found in 27.36% of patients. Modified Alvarado score had a sensitivity of 61.32 % and specificity of 71.43 % at a cut of value of 7. At cut off of > 7.5 for acute appendicitis, RIPASA score had a sensitivity of 97.17% and specificity of 57.14%. The accuracy of Modified Alvarado score was 62.5% while it was 92.5% for RIPASA score.Conclusions: RIPASA score demonstrated higher sensitivity and accuracy but lower specificity compared to the modified Alvarado score in our study group. More studies with larger sample size need to be carried out for further validation of this new score.
Overlap of Sleep Disorders and Chronic Respiratory Diseases: An Emerging Health Dilemma
Authors: Koirala Puru , Bhatta Narendra , Ghimire Ram Hari , Mishra Deebya Raj , Bista Bidesh , Shah Bhupendra 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The burden of Overlap Syndrome (coexistence of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with respiratory diseases) is high in developing countries, and such a phenomenon implies higher morbidity. The study was conducted to measure the prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with Respiratory Symptom Complex and to identify factors associated with the severity of sleep-related breathing disorders.Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 50 patients with respiratory symptom complex was conducted at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Structured proforma and Polysomnography were used for analysis.Results: There were 24 patients (48%) with COPD, 18 (36%) with Bronchial Asthma. 6 patients (12%) with Bronchiectasis and 2 patients with Interstitial Lung Disease. 60% (n=30) patients had sleep-related breathing disorder or Overlap syndrome, 14 patients (46.67%) had mild sleep-related breathing disorder while 16 (53.33%) patients had moderate to severe type. 62.5% COPD patients, 55.55% Bronchial Asthma patients, 50% of patients with Interstitial Lung Disease and 50% Post-TB Bronchiectasis patients had a sleep-related breathing disorder. There was a significant positive correlation between the presence of sleep-related breathing disorder in patients with respiratory symptom complex and high neck circumference (0.499, p-value <0.001), waist circumference (0.293, p-value = 0.039) and hip circumference (0.371, p-value = 0.008).Conclusions: Overlap Disorders comprising sleep disorders in patients with chronic respiratory diseases are high in developing countries. Routine sleep history and polysomnography in all patients with Respiratory Symptom Complex can detect sleep-related breathing disorders.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Synergistic Effect of Spices against Few Selected Pathogens
Authors: Maharjan Renuka , Thapa Saru , Acharya Amrit 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of spices along with determination of its synergistic effect against few selected pathogens.
Methods: In this study, ethanolic extract of 5 different spices; Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Capsicum annum (Chili) and Allium cepa (Onion) were obtained by using Soxhlet apparatus. The ethanolic extract was concentrated by evaporation and different concentrations of extract were prepared in Dimethy Sulphoxide (DMSO) solvent. Test organisms included mainly pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were determined by well diffusion technique both individually and in combination. On the other hand, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined by serial dilution technique. The result were interpreted on the basis of the fact that the growth occurs in positive control and other tubes with inadequate amount of extract whereas the lowest concentration of agent that inhibits growth of organism, detected by lack of visible turbidity by inhibition of 99% is designed as the MIC. The MBC is identified by determining the lowest concentration of extract solution that reduces the viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by a predetermined reduction such as ≥99.9%. Likewise, for determination of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI), two extracts were combined along with standardized inoculum of bacterial strain. Tubes without visible turbidity were streaked on agar plate and observed for 99.9% killing.
Results: All the tested extract of spices were found effective against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae only. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was found in chili extract (ZOI=26 mm) against S. aureus whereas lowest zone of inhibition was found in garlic extract against K. pneumoniae (ZOI=12mm). Similarly, highest ZOI was produced by combined extract of both Turmeric and Ginger (ZOI= 26 mm). Turmeric extract was found to be effective against S. aureus (MIC value = 62.5 mg /ml and MBC value = 31.25 mg/ml) and K. pneumoniae (MIC value 125 mg/ml and MBC value = 62.5 mg/ml). The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) values of combined extract suggested synergistic and additive effect (0.5<FIC<1). Chili and ginger were effective with FIC value of 0.25.
Conclusion: To recapitulate, the extract of spices can be used to prevent the pathogenic organism.
Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacterial Isolates from Urine of Patients Visiting Everest Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Guragain Nisha , Pradhan Aashish , Dhungel Binod , Banjara Megha Raj , Rijal Komal Raj , Ghimire Prakash 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative pathogens from urine samples along with their antimicrobial resistance.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to May 2016 at Everest Hospital, Kathmandu. Mid-stream urine samples were collected and processed for culture by standard loop streak method. Identified bacterial isolates were tested for Antibiotic Susceptibility by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and, were subjected to ESBL screening by using 30µg cefotaxime and ceftazidime. ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc method.
Results: Of the three hundred urine samples, 22.7% (67/300) showed significant growth. Four different bacterial species were identified. Among the isolates, E. coli was the most common pathogen (71.64%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.92%), Pseudomonas spp (8.95%) and Acinetobacter spp (4.48%). Altogether 92.54% (n=62) isolates were sensitive to gentamicin, 89.55% (n=60) to amikacin, and 79.10% (n=53) to nitrofurantoin. 70.10% (n=47) isolates were resistant to antibiotic ampicillin while 62.68% (n=42) were found as Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and 29.8% (n=20) were ESBL producers.
Conclusions: The overall prevalence of MDR and ESBL among uropathogens is low in comparison to other studies though it is essential to have a regular monitoring of ESBL producing clinical isolates in laboratory practice.
Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Juice and Peel Extract of Citrus Fruits
Authors: Shakya Alisha , Luitel Bhawana , Kumari Pragati , Devkota Ritu , Dahal Puspa Raj , Chaudhary Richa 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: This study was aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of peel and juice extracts of citrus fruits.
Methods: The antibacterial activity of juice and peel extract of five selected citrus fruits [C1- Citrus reticulata (mandarin orange), C2- Citrus limetta (sweet lime), C3- Citrus aurantifolia (lime), C4- Citrus limon (lemon) and C5- Citrus maxima (pommelo)] on three Gram positive and five Gram negative bacterial strains were examined. The juice and peel extract of citrus fruits was obtained by using absolute ethanol. The obtained extracts were dissolved in 1ml 10% v/v DMSO which was taken to carry out the antibacterial susceptibility assay using agar well diffusion method.
Results: The peel extracts of C1 and C2 were found to be more effective against the given Gram-positive bacteria than the juice extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (20.33±1.527) and (15.33±0.577) against Bacillus spp respectively. While the juice extracts of C3 and C4 were more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than their peel extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (26.66±1.15) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and (20±1) against E. coli ATCC 25922 respectively. The juice extract of C5 was found to be more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than its peel extract with maximum zone of inhibition (18.66±1.154) against E. coli ATCC 25922 except for Bacillus spp in which peel extract showed maximum zone of inhibition i.e. (15±1)
Conclusion: This study suggests that these juice and peel extracts may have beneficial antibacterial roles that can be exploited in controlling unwanted bacterial growth.
Industrial Data Science in Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken
Authors: Mazarov Jürgen , Wolf Patrick , Schallow Julian , Nöhring Fabian , Deuse Jochen , Richter Ralph 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Industrial Data Science eröffnet produzierenden Unternehmen innovative Möglichkeiten zur Optimierung von Produkten und Prozessen sowie der Initiierung neuer Geschäftsmodelle in Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken. Um Unternehmen zum zielgerichteten Einsatz moderner Analysetechnologien zu befähigen, werden in diesem Beitrag das Konzept eines integrierten, datengetriebenen Referenzbaukastens zur industriellen Datenanalyse sowie dessen Realisierung als kollaborative Service-Plattform vorgestellt und beispielhaft Anwendungsfälle skizziert.
Ein zukunftssicheres Supply-Chain-Management
Authors: Marek Svenja , Berwing Katharina 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
In Zeiten von Megatrends wie Digitalisierung und Globalisierung entstehen neue Anforderungen an das bestehende Supply-Chain-Management (SCM). Um diesen Herausforderungen erfolgreich zu begegnen, hat das FIR an der RWTH Aachen mit einem Industriekonsortium Erfolgsfaktoren zur Sicherung der Zukunftsfähigkeit des SCM definiert. In Zusammenarbeit mit den Unternehmen des Konsortiums werden in diesem Beitrag aktuelle Trends aufgezeigt, die die Ableitung zukünftiger Entwicklungen des SCM ermöglichen.
Risikomanagement in der energieorientierten Produktionsplanung und -steuerung
Authors: Roth Stefan , Reinhart Gunther 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Stromkosten stellen im Rahmen der Energiewende einen zunehmend wichtigen Wettbewerbsfaktor für die Industrie dar. Der durch die energieorientierte Produktionsplanung ermittelte Strombedarf von Produktionsmaschinen und Anlagen wird im Vorfeld an den Strommärkten mit der Verpflichtung beschafft, diesen innerhalb bestimmter Toleranzen am entsprechenden Produktionstag zu verbrauchen. Treten in der laufenden Produktion Störungen auf, können die damit verbundenen Abweichungen vom eingeplanten Stromverbrauch hohe Strafkosten verursachen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt Ansatzpunkte für ein Risikomanagement im Rahmen der Produktionsplanung und -steuerung auf und beschreibt mögliche Kompensationsmaßnahmen aus der betrieblichen Praxis.
Gestaltung effizienter Produktionssysteme
Authors: Hiller Tobias , Härtel Lasse , Nyhuis Peter 
Published: January 2020

Kurzfassung
Im Rahmen des Exzellenzclusters PhoenixD wird an der Leibniz Universität in Hannover die Produktion optischer Systeme erforscht, die sich derzeit noch durch komplexe, mehrstufige Prozesse und einen geringen Automatisierungsgrad auszeichnet. Ziel ist es, neuartige Technologien und Fertigungsprozesse zu entwickeln, die eine individualisierte, additive sowie adaptive Produktion optischer Systeme zu geringen Kosten ermöglichen. Neuartige Produktionsabläufe erfordern auch eine Neugestaltung und -bewertung bestehender Produktionssysteme. Neben einer hohen logistischen Leistungsfähigkeit muss dabei zukünftig zudem eine hohe Ressourceneffizienz im Fokus der Betrachtung stehen.
Processing and properties of ultrafine-grained Mg-3Al-1Zn magnesium alloy microtubes fabricated via isothermal hot microforming of SPD processed precursors
Authors: Khandani Tohid , Faraji Ghader , Torabi Hamid Reza 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the present paper, a new method for producing ultrafine grained microtubes of AZ31 magnesium alloy is proposed. The method consists of performing isothermal hot micro-backward extrusion on severe plastic deformation processed samples. One-pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and cyclic extrusion compression angular pressing forward extrusion (CECAP-FE) were performed on an as-cast coarse-grained Mg-3Al-1Zn magnesium alloy before microtube fabrication. Microstructure and microhardness of the samples before and after micro-backward extrusion and deformation force during the fabrication process were studied. As a result, it was revealed that the proposed method performed on CECAP-FEed precursors could effectively produce ultrafine grained AZ31 magnesium alloy microtubes with excellent microhardness, good uniformity in shape, microstructure, and microhardness.
PAKAIAN TAQWA: REPRESENTASI AGAMA DAN BUDAYA DI PUSAT KEKUASAAN JAWA
Authors: Kholis Nor 
Published: January 2020

Akulturasi agama dan budaya sebagai media dakwah di Nusantara tidak bisa dilepaskan dari peran ulama (Walisanga) dan Pemerintah (elite kerajaan). Walisanga sebagai pembuat konsep dakwah, sementara raja memiliki peran sebagai penjaganya. Hal ini telah dilakukan secara turun temurun mulai dari era Demak sampai Mataram Islam. Beberapa media dakwah memiliki nilai-nilai filosofis keislaman sehingga masih tetap dilestarikan sampai saat ini, seperti wayang, gamelan, tembang dan pakaian. Artikel ini mendiskusikan pakaian adat Keraton Yogyakarta untuk melihat bentuk interpretasi pihak keraton terhadap pakaian tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan emik, untuk mendiskripsikan objek pakaian taqwa sebagaimana hasil wawancara mendalam yang disampaikan oleh informan. Pemilihan informan didasarkan atas keluasaan informasi serta otoritasnya di lingkungan keraton. Analisis penelitian dilakukan dengan metode filosofis – interpretative. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pakaian taqwa memiliki dua aspek, secara internal dan eksternal. Pertama, unsur-unsur pakaian taqwa baik secara implisit maupun eksplisit diklaim oleh pihak Keraton Yogyakarta serat dengan nilai-nilai Islami sehingga bisa dijadikan sebagai salah satu media dakwah. Kedua, pakaian taqwa menjadi identitas sosial oleh Keraton Yogyakarta sebagai pewaris resmi penguasa tanah jawa Mataram Islam.
Kata kunci: Pakaian adat, media dakwah, identitas sosial

Acculturation of religion and culture as media of da’wah in the archipelago cannot be separated from the role of ulama (Walisanga) and the government (royal elite). Walisanga is the maker of the concept of da’wah, while the king has a role as a guardian. This has been done from generation to generation starting from the Demak era to the Islamic Mataram. Some da’wah media have islamic philosophical values so that they are still preserved today, such as wayang, gamelan, song and clothing. This article discusses the traditional clothing of the Yogyakarta palace to see the interpretations of the keraton to the clothing. This study uses an emic approach, to describe the object of piety as the results of in-depth interviews delivered by the informant. The selection of informants is based on the vast information and their authority within the palace environment. The analysis of the research was carried out using philosophical-interpretative methods. The results shows that taqwa clothing has two aspects, internally and externally. First, the elements of pious clothing are implicitly or explicitly claimed by the Yogyakarta Sultanate is filled with islamic values so that it can be used as one of the da’wah media. Second, taqwa clothing became a social identity by the Yogyakarta palace as the official heir to the Islamic Mataram javanese land.
Keywords: Traditional Clothing, Da’wah Media, Social Identity