bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal pain amongst Australian sonography students and recent graduates and an evaluation of the use of ergonomic education for prevention
Authors: Bonutto Natalie , Kennedy Narelle , Quinton Ann 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroduction/PurposeSonographers develop pain whilst scanning and may not consistently adhere to ergonomic recommendations. The aim was to quantify this within Australian sonography students and recent graduates and to determine whether a relationship exists between: (i) pain and failure to adhere to ergonomic recommendations; and (ii) theoretical and practical ergonomic education during university and clinical placement, and the adherence to recommendations.MethodsOnline questionnaire distributed to Australian student sonographers and sonographers until two years post‐graduation.ResultsDuring scanning, 33/39(84.62%) experienced musculoskeletal pain, and 21/33 (63.64%) experienced pain less than 1.76 full‐time equivalent (FTE) days during the two FTE week period. The majority, 37/39 (94.87%), were not consistently adhering to recommendations, with 25/37 (67.57%) only doing so for less than 2.1 FTE days during two FTE weeks. Failure to adhere to ergonomic recommendations and development of musculoskeletal scanning pain was positively correlated (r = 0.7 (P = 0.01)).All participants had received some form of ergonomic education. This education was theoretical and practical during university and clinical placement for 24/39 (61.54%); however, receiving this resulted in no difference for adherence to ergonomic recommendations. Qualitative data demonstrated high workloads, scanning patients with increased body habitus or limited mobility were potential barriers to adherence to ergonomic recommendations.DiscussionErgonomic education occurs, yet a lack of knowledge and adherence to recommendations continues. Considerations for other potential barriers are required.ConclusionEnsuring students adhere to ergonomic recommendations post‐graduation and identifying relevant barriers within the clinical environment are important. Future research to investigate potential barriers around ergonomic adherence is suggested.
Clinical Features and Risk of Relapse in Children and Adults with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease
Authors: Cobo‐Calvo Alvaro , Ruiz Anne , Rollot Fabien , Arrambide Georgina , Deschamps Romain , Maillart Elisabeth , Papeix Caroline , Audoin Bertrand , Lépine Anne Fabienne , Maurey Hélène , Zephir Helene , Biotti Damien , Ciron Jonathan , Durand‐Dubief Francoise , Collongues Nicolas , Ayrignac Xavier , Labauge Pierre , Meyer Pierre , Thouvenot Eric , Bourre Bertrand , Montcuquet Alexis , Cohen Mikael , Horello Philippe , Tintoré Mar , De Seze Jerome , Vukusic Sandra , Deiva Kumaran , Marignier Romain ,   the NOMADMUS, KidBioSEP, and OFSEP study groups
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe main objective was to compare clinical features, disease course, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (Ab) dynamics between children and adults with MOG‐Ab–associated disease (MOGAD).MethodsThis retrospective multicentric, national study included 98 children and 268 adults with MOGAD between January 2014 and September 2019. Cox regression model for recurrent time‐to‐event data and Kaplan–Meier curves for time to antibody negativity were performed for the objectives.ResultsIsolated optic neuritis was the most frequent clinical presentation in both children (40.8%) and adults (55.9%, p = 0.013), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis syndrome was more frequent in children (36.7% vs 5.6%, p < 0.001). Compared to adults, children displayed better recovery (Expanded Disability Status Scale ≥ 3.0 at last follow‐up reached only by 10 of 97 [10.3%] vs 66/247 [26.7%], p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, adults were at higher risk of relapse than children (hazard ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.78, p = 0.003). At 2 years, 64.2% (95% CI = 40.9–86.5) of nonrelapsing children became MOG‐Ab negative compared to 14.1% (95% CI = 4.7–38.3) of relapsing children (log‐rank p < 0.001), with no differences observed in adults (log‐rank p = 0.280).InterpretationMOGAD patients differ in the clinical presentation at onset, showing an age‐related shift in the clinical features across age groups. Compared to children, adults have a higher risk of relapse and worse functional recovery. Finally, children with monophasic disease become MOG‐Ab negative earlier than relapsing children, but this is not true in adults. Considering these differences, management and treatment guidelines should be considered independently in children and adults. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:30–41
Hypersensitivity to Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide in Post‐Traumatic Headache
Authors: Ashina Håkan , Iljazi Afrim , Al‐Khazali Haidar M. , Christensen Casper E. , Amin Faisal M. , Ashina Messoud , Schytz Henrik W. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo demonstrate that calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) induces headache exacerbation with migraine‐like features in patients with persistent post‐traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐way crossover study was conducted. Analyses were intention‐to‐treat. Eligible patients were aged 18 to 65 years and had a history of persistent PTH after mild TBI for at least 12 months. Patients were randomized to receive an intravenous infusion of 1.5μg/min of CGRP or placebo (isotonic saline) over 20 minutes on two separate experimental days. A 12‐hour observational period was used to evaluate the following outcomes: (1) difference in incidence of headache exacerbation with migraine‐like features and (2) difference in area under the curve for headache intensity scores.ResultsThirty patients (mean age = 37 years, 25 women [83%]) were randomized and completed the study. During the 12‐hour observational period, 21 of 30 patients (70%) developed headache exacerbation with migraine‐like features after CGRP, compared with 6 patients (20%) after placebo (p < 0.001). The baseline‐corrected area under the curve for headache intensity scores was significantly larger after CGRP, compared with placebo (p < 0.001).InterpretationPatients with persistent PTH are hypersensitive to CGRP, which underscores its pathophysiological importance. Furthermore, CGRP‐targeted therapies might provide a novel mechanism‐based treatment option for patients with persistent PTH. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:1220–1228
Frustrated Lewis Pair Chelation as a Vehicle for Low‐Temperature Semiconductor Element and Polymer Deposition
Authors: Omaña Alvaro A. , Green Rachel K. , Kobayashi Ryo , He Yingjie , Antoniuk Evan R. , Ferguson Michael J. , Zhou Yuqiao , Veinot Jonathan G. C. , Iwamoto Takeaki , Brown Alex , Rivard Eric 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe stabilization of silicon(II) and germanium(II) dihydrides by an intramolecular Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP) ligand, PB, iPr2P(C6H4)BCy2 (Cy=cyclohexyl) is reported. The resulting hydride complexes [PB{SiH2}] and [PB{GeH2}] are indefinitely stable at room temperature, yet can deposit films of silicon and germanium, respectively, upon mild thermolysis in solution. Hallmarks of this work include: 1) the ability to recycle the FLP phosphine‐borane ligand (PB) after element deposition, and 2) the single‐source precursor [PB{SiH2}] deposits Si films at a record low temperature from solution (110 °C). The dialkylsilicon(II) adduct [PB{SiMe2}] was also prepared, and shown to release poly(dimethylsilane) [SiMe2]n upon heating. Overall, this study introduces a “closed loop” deposition strategy for semiconductors that steers materials science away from the use of harsh reagents or high temperatures.
Optimization of the thermal mending process in epoxy/cyclic olefin copolymer blends
Authors: Dorigato Andrea , Mahmood Haroon , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is utilized as thermoplastic healing agent in an epoxy resin and the effect of mending temperature on the healing of resulting materials is investigated. Blends are prepared by adding 20 and 30 wt% COC powder in the epoxy resin. They are thermo‐mechanically characterized and fractured samples are thermally mended at various temperatures to evaluate the healing efficiency of the repaired samples. Optical microscopy reveals a homogenous dispersion of COC domains within epoxy matrix, while thermogravimetric analysis shows improved thermal stability of the samples. The immiscibility of the two phases in the blends lead to a decrease of the mechanical properties under flexural and tensile loading modes with respect to neat epoxy. The fracture toughness increases upon COC addition at elevated amounts. Healing efficiency values up to more than 80% are obtained at the lowest investigated temperature of 145°C for samples with 30 wt% of COC.
A venom protein, Kazal‐type serine protease inhibitor, of ectoparasitoid Pachycrepoideus vindemiae inhibits the hemolymph melanization of host Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Yang Lei , Qiu Li‐Ming , Fang Qi , Ye Gong‐Yin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParasitic wasps inject various virulence factors into the host insects while laying eggs, among which the venom proteins, one of the key players in host insect/parasitoid relationships, act in host cellular and humoral immune regulation to ensure successful development of wasp progeny. Although the investigations into actions of venom proteins are relatively ample in larval parasitoids, their regulatory mechanisms have not been thoroughly understood in pupal parasitoids. Here, we identified a venom protein, Kazal‐type serine protease inhibitor, in the pupal ectoparasitoid Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (PvKazal). Sequence analysis revealed that PvKazal is packed by a signal peptide and a highly conserved “Kazal” domain. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis recorded a higher transcript level of PvKazal in the venom apparatus relative to that in the carcass, and the PvKazal messenger RNA level appeared to reach a peak on day 5 posteclosion. Recombinant PvKazal strongly inhibited the hemolymph melanization of host Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, the heterologous expression of PvKazal in transgenic Drosophila reduced the crystal cell numbers and blocked the melanization of host pupal hemolymph. Our present work underlying the roles of PvKazal undoubtedly increases the understanding of venom‐mediated host‐parasitoid crosstalk.
Evaluation of the biodegradability of fluorescent dissolved organic matter via biological filtration
Authors: Vines Melanie , Terry Leigh G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate the removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) via biofiltration under varying operational and water quality conditions was investigated in this study. Three feedwaters (lake, river, and wastewater effluent) were examined at three temperatures (6, 22, and 28 °C) and three empty bed contact times (EBCTs; 5, 15, and 30 min) to simulate seasonal and operational variations experienced by utilities. Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis was used to characterize the fluorescing DOM and to determine the component removal. Three components were found in the lake and river feedwaters, and four components were found in the wastewater effluent. In natural source waters, protein‐like components were removed most effectively via biofiltration. In the wastewater effluent, a humic‐like component common in nutrient‐rich waters was removed most effectively, and the protein‐like component was removed second most effectively. Increased EBCT and temperature increased the removal efficiency of bulk DOM and the protein‐like components.
Architecture Transformations of Ultrahigh Areal Capacity Air Cathodes for Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Greenburg Louisa C. , Plaza‐Rivera Christian O. , Kim Jae‐Woo , Connell John W. , Lin Yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLithium‐oxygen (Li−O2) batteries have the highest known theoretical energy density but are still not practical for use in most applications. A key aspect that has been largely overlooked in the field is how to improve the reversible areal capacity of the air cathode to a competitive level (>5–10 mAh cm−2). For carbon‐based air cathodes, increase of areal capacity requires a corresponding increase of carbon mass loading. As a result, the electrode thickness also increases which impedes the mass transport of Li ions and O2 needed for battery reactions. It is therefore imperative to investigate not only the air cathode composition, but also its dimensional architecture, for the effective function of high areal capacity Li−O2 batteries. Herein, we present the use of several representative additives of carbon‐based nanomaterials, including carbon black, two different diameters of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, and graphene materials from two sources, into a high mass loading (10 mg cm−2), ultrathick (∼100 μm) air cathode architectural platform matrix based on dry‐compressed holey graphene. The performances of these all‐carbon composite air cathodes differ from that of the neat holey graphene, but not by a simple addition or subtraction effect. In addition, the additive effects to full discharge and curtailed cycling experiments are significantly different. The presented results strongly suggest that the architectural volume expandability is critical for the full discharge properties. However, the cycling performance depends more upon the resilience of the air cathode architecture (“breathability”), which does not necessarily correlate with its expandability.
Constant‐wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectrometry for simultaneous and rapid determination of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in dairy products
Authors: Cai Qihong , Zhao Chengfei , Zhu Hang , Shen Yiping , Hou Huiqing , Tang Yaoji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA new method for simultaneously determining five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (fluorene, benzofluorene, pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and perylene) in dairy products using constant‐wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (CWSFS) was established in this study. Acetonitrile was chosen as the extraction solvent to extract the five PAHs from the dairy products, and an ultrasound extraction method was adopted. The supernatants were filtered using a 0.45‐μm microporous filter membrane and concentrated to dryness with a nitrogen dryer. The extracts were then re‐dissolved in cyclohexane for analysis. To overcome interference from the background matrix and between PAHs, the difference in wavelength (Δλ) at 40 nm was chosen for CWSFS scanning. With only one single scan, the five PAHs in dairy products could be distinguished and determined using the standard curve method without the need for previous chromatographic separation of the analyte solution. Detection limits of fluorene, benzofluorene, pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and perylene were 0.0051 μg·L−1, 0.016 μg·L−1, 0.021 μg·L−1, 0.0056 μg·L−1, and 0.0062 μg·L−1, respectively. Recoveries were between 85.60% and 98.42%. These five PAHs in dairy products were determined with good results and therefore expected to be a routine detection method for PAHs in dairy products.
Selective inhibition of Zophobas morio (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) luciferase‐like enzyme luminescence by diclofenac and potential suitability for light‐off biosensing
Authors: Carvalho Mariele C. , Tomazini Atílio , Prado Rogilene A. , Viviani Vadim R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe accumulation of toxic carboxylic compounds may cause severe effects on the environment and living organisms. A luciferase‐like enzyme, previously cloned from the Malpighian tubules of the non‐luminescent Zophobas morio mealworm, displays thioesterification activity with a wide range of carboxylic substrates, and produces weak red luminescence in the presence of ATP and firefly d‐luciferin, a xenobiotic for this organism. To better investigate the function of this enzyme in carboxylic xenobiotic detoxification, we analyzed the inhibitory effect of different xenobiotic carboxylic acids on the luminescence activity of this enzyme, including environmental pollutants and pharmaceutical compounds. Noteworthy, the anti‐inflammatory drug diclofenac severely inhibited this luciferase‐like enzyme luminescence activity, both in in vitro (IC50 20 μM) and in vivo in bacterial cells assays, when compared with other beetle luciferases. Similar results were obtained with its brighter I327S mutant. Kinetic analysis of diclofenac's effect on luminescence activity indicated mixed‐type inhibition for both ATP and d‐luciferin. Modelling studies showed five potential binding sites for diclofenac, including the coenzyme A binding site, which showed one of the highest binding constant. Taken together, these results raise the possibility of using this luciferase‐like enzyme for the development of novel whole‐cell luminescent biosensors for diclofenac and similar drugs.
The influence of Ni2+ and other ions on the trigonal structure of DNA
Authors: Acosta‐Reyes Francisco J. , Pagan Mireia , Fonfría‐Subirós Elsa , Saperas Núria , Subirana Juan A. , Campos J. Lourdes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe present a new structure of a DNA dodecamer obtained in the presence of Ni2+ ions. The DNA forms Ni‐guanine cross‐links between neighboring molecules. Our results show that an adequate dosage of Ni2+ may help to form well‐defined DNA nanostructures. We also compare our structure with other dodecamers which present unique features and also crystallize in trigonal unit cells, strongly influenced by the counterions associated with DNA. In all cases, the DNA duplexes form parallel pseudo‐helical columns in the crystal, similar to DNA‐protamine and native DNA fibers.
Validated LC–MS/MS method for quantitation of total and free mycophenolic acid concentration and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in pediatric renal transplant recipients
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Longshan , Li Jingjie , Fu Qian , Zhang Huanxi , Wu Chenglin , Li Jun , Zhong Guoping , Zheng Yifan , Chen Xiao , Wang Changxi , Chen Pan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA simple and sensitive LC–MS/MS method was established to quantify total and free mycophenolic acid (MPA) plasma concentrations during immunosuppressive medication for pediatric renal transplantation. The chromatographic separation was performed with the Hypersil GOLD C18 column, using a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) at an isocratic flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. An Agilent 6420 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated via a positive electrospray ionization interface using the transitions m/z 321.14 → 206.9 for MPA and m/z 324.15 → 209.9 for MPA‐d3 (internal standard). The linearity was 0.1–50 μg/ml for total MPA and 0.0025–0.5 μg/ml for free MPA. The within‐run and between‐run precisions were all <5% and accuracy was within 96.23–107.63%. The validated method was successfully aspplied to a pharmacokinetic study in 28 pediatric renal recipients. The mean free fraction of MPA in our patients was 0.89% (ranging from 0.62 to 1.25%) and albumin level played a major role in the variability of free fraction of MPA, thus, in pediatric patients with hypoproteinemia, close free drug monitoring and dose adjustments should be considered to prevent toxicity.
Assessment and application of Marfey’s reagent and analogs in enantioseparation: a decade’s perspective
Authors: Sethi Sonika , Martens Jürgen , Bhushan Ravi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOf the various methods available for high‐performance liquid chromatography separation of enantiomers (of e.g. amino acids and amino group containing compounds) by the pre‐column derivatization approach, use of Marfey’s reagent has been most successful with continued application since its introduction in 1984. The reagent is prepared from difluoro dinitro benzene by nucleophilic substitution of one of its F atoms by l‐alanine amide. There is flexibility to prepare several chiral variants (by substituting the F atom with different chiral auxiliaries) and to tailor the hydrophobicity and resolution, ultimately, of the diastereomeric derivatives. The present paper assesses and reviews applications of Marfey’s reagent and its chiral variants (i.e. other FDNP reagents) for enantioseparation of certain amino group containing drugs/amino acids, and to provide some case studies on enantiomeric separations that are important for the pharmaceutical industry. Various explanations for separation mechanism and elution order using FDNP reagents are included and the question of the configuration of the corresponding enantiomer using an indirect approach has also been addressed.
Transfer of event stigma: Reactions of Japanese regional governments to criticism on bid rigging
Authors: Nakanishi Yoshinobu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn organization may be stigmatized for the nature of its activities (core stigma), or for misconduct (event stigma). Stigma damages an organization's legitimacy and threatens its survival. Therefore, organizations respond by taking actions to mitigate stigma and restore legitimacy. However, there has been insufficient empirical analysis of responses to transferred event stigma resulting from other organizations' misconduct. This study quantitatively analyzes Japanese regional government entities' responses to criticism from mass media and political directives issued by the central government, after they had been stigmatized for a series of bid‐rigging events. This study's major theoretical contribution is its finding that organizations are sensitive to event stigma that results from others' misconduct. Additionally, this study is among the first to examine the effects stigma has on government organizations, in contrast to prior research that has focused on private companies.
LncRNA LINC00857 regulates the progression and glycolysis in ovarian cancer by modulating the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Lin Xueke , Feng Dilu , Li Ping , Lv Yuchun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOvarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers with high morbidity and mortality, which seriously endangers women's health and quality of life. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate the progression of cancers, including ovarian cancer. LINC00857 (long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 857) has been discovered to be a crucial factor in the regulation of cancer development. Nevertheless, the specific functions and mechanisms of LINC00857 in ovarian cancer remain unclear. The Hippo signaling pathway can involve in cancer progression. In our research, we aimed to investigate the correlation of LINC00857 and Hippo pathway. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay was utilized to test the expression of LINC00857 in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. Functional experiments revealed that LINC00857 silencing led to the inhibition on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis but accelerated cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer. Mechanism experiments, including RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull‐down, and luciferase reporter experiments demonstrated that LINC00857 could regulate YAP1 (Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator) by competitively binding to miR‐486‐5p in ovarian cancer. In a word, this study unveiled that LINC00857 regulates YAP1 by competitively binding to miR‐486‐5p and accelerates ovarian cancer progression.