bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understand, simulate, anticipate and correct performance gap in NZEB refurbishment of residential buildings
Authors: Flourentzou Flourentzos , Ivanov Antonov Yovko , Samuel Pantet 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The gap between expected and real energy performance of new or newly refurbished residential buildings was an unexpected mine in the way towards a 2000 W society in Switzerland. Previous research has contributed to understand and quantify this gap by providing knowledge for the extent and amplitude of the problem. Now it is necessary to go into detail understanding of this phenomenon, in order to anticipate and correct the problem. This article analyses statistical findings of heating energy consumption in a whole Swiss canton – Geneva – and shows that results of specific research works on limited apartment residential building samples can be generalised. We show that the performance gap may be simulated with simple common tools, used for compliance energy calculations by applying the right conditions of use. We introduce the notion of “standard”, “realistic” and “out of control” conditions of use. We simulate energy performance of the most common refurbishment actions on a standard existing residential building using these values and we compare the results with observed values on case studies or statistical samples. We show that simulations with the “out of control” conditions predict the performance gap of refurbished buildings. We may also observe that there are combinations of refurbishment works subject to higher or lower risk of performance gap. Simulating the performance deviation, we show which conditions of use must be better controlled to anticipate and limit the problem.

A post-publication change was made to this article on 22 Apr 2020 to add an acknowledgment.
Embodied versus operational energy in residential and commercial buildings: where should we focus?
Authors: Dilsiz Ayşegül Demir , Felkner Juliana , Habert Guillaume , Nagy Zoltán 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We analyze 100 case studies, which were conducted in 23 countries, and contrast their data on embodied and operational energy in residential and commercial buildings. The case studies include conventional, retrofit, low-energy, passive, and net-zero energy buildings. The buildings have different lifetimes varying from 25 to 100 years. We calculate the estimated total Life Cycle Energy (LCE) as the sum of Embodied Energy (EE) and Operational Energy (OE). The LCE in the 100 case studies ranges from 50.8 to 1840 MJ/m2 per year. Our results show that operational energy significantly dominates the life cycle energy of the buildings by an average of 419 MJ/m2 per year and an average share of 72%. The share of embodied energy increases with decreasing operational energy. However, the overall LCE decreases significantly when the operational energy decreases. Naturally, the assumptions on the lifetime of the buildings have a great impact on the LCE. We conclude that operational energy should be primarily reduced in order to decrease greenhouse gas emissions from the existing building stock because most of the buildings are already built and changes in the embodied energy are often obtained only through new construction or deep retrofit strategies. Depending on the strategy to decrease OE, the share of EE was found to show wide fluctuations within the case studies, ranging from 4% up to 100%. In addition, most of the operational energy consumption has been reported by using energy simulation tools. Only about 14% of the case studies had metered operational energy data. In order to create more accurate data, metering of buildings should be considered in future case studies.
Energy saving potentials in historic buildings’ renovations: to which extent is the heating demand limit value (SIA 380/1) reachable and at which costs?
Authors: Favre Didier , Padey Pierryves , Goulouti Kyriaki , Lasvaux Sébastien 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The renovation of historic buildings is essential to meet the Swiss objectives for energy consumption in 2050. These buildings offer a great saving potential, however, the heritage preservation has to be considered in the renovation scenarios. While essential for the historic conservation, this consideration restricts the renovation possibilities to achieve the heating demand requirements according to the SIA 380/1 standard. This study introduces a framework for identifying the suitable historic buildings’ renovation schemes considering life cycle costs, energy and life cycle environmental impacts. With a case study, the feasibility of achieving the energy performance SIA 380/1 standard is then discussed.
Effects of modified near-infrared retro-reflective film on urban thermal environment
Authors: Inoue Takashi , Takase Kozo , Saito Yukiya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We investigated the specifications of a modified retro-reflective film for the window surfaces of buildings that reflects the near-infrared component of incident solar radiation upward toward the sky in order to reduce the indoor cooling load in the building and improve the thermal environment of the surrounding urban area. With the previous specifications, there were concerns that the near-infrared component, reflected upward away from one building, would strike the upper portions of neighboring buildings. To minimize this effect by reflecting as much radiation as possible back along the incident direction, we evaluated the modified film structure, replacing a saw-tooth section model with a pyramid-type microstructure model. In order to investigate its merits and quantitatively assess the impact of this technology on surrounding urban areas, annual simulations with this modified film were performed, using simple block model, actual city model and the results of an experimental study.
From university to industry - challenges in upscaling optical microstructures for daylight redirection in buildings
Authors: Kostro André , Couty Philippe , Moroder David Geisler , Pohl Wilfried , Schüler Andreas , Hafner Andreas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present some of the challenges faced when upscaling optical microstructures from a lab scale 1x1 cm sized proof of concept sample to a square meter sized object that can be installed in a building. The optical microstructure in question is obtained by a chain of fabrication steps, all linked with each other and with a certain level of complexity. Each of the total of 8 distinct steps presented difficulties that will be briefly introduced in this paper. On a less technical level, long term commitment of public funding and industrial partners was the base for the first upscaling of this complex technologies for pilot production. Taking the best from two worlds: industry and academia has proven effective in the development of such a novel technology.
Cool, photoluminescent paints towards energy consumption reductions in the built environment
Authors: Rosso Federica , Fabiani Claudia , Chiatti Chiara , Pisello Anna Laura 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, passive strategies are identified among the preferred solutions to reduce energy consumption and to increase comfort in the built environment. Indeed, such strategies allow energy saving by exploiting the intrinsic characteristics of materials. In this work, an innovative cool, photoluminescent paint is considered for application in the built environment, as a passive strategy to (i) reduce energy for cooling in the hot season, (ii) maintain lower surface and air temperatures, thus benefiting comfort and (iii) contribute to the lighting of the outdoor public space. The cool, photoluminescent material is first described, then its implementation in the built environment is hypothesized. An experimental, in-lab characterization is conducted to measure the optics characteristics of the samples. Finally, possible implementation of the investigated material in the built environment is investigated by means of dynamic simulation, in terms of thermal- and lighting-energy performance, when applied on the external envelope of a case study building and as an advanced paving solution in a public space. Results from this preliminary study show that the investigated material has promising features, since it can save up to 30% energy for cooling and 27% yearly energy for lighting.
Obtaining and characterization of nanostructured coatings of zirconia-alumina-ceria by thermal spray flame
Authors: Rodríguez L F , Ferrer M , Peña G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Zirconia, alumina and ceria powders were agglomerated, by granulator disk, to be used as raw material in the manufacture of coatings on red clay substrates by flame spray. Three mixtures of different compositions were made to determine which of them produces the most homogeneous and best bonded coatings. Likewise, the phase transformations that occur in the thermal spraying process were evaluated. The morphology and microstructure of the powders and coatings were determined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Bimodal coatings were obtained, preserving the nanometric structure of the powders, homogeneous, low porosity and good adhesion.
Determination of expandability clay from San José de Cucuta metropolitan area, by varying calcination temperature and time
Authors: Sánchez J , Cáceres J R , Rojas J P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this article, the volumetric change of the clay granules and sewage sludge (technological nutrient), San José de Cúcuta metropolitan area raw materials, when calcined at different temperatures and different burning times is shown. The main objective is to evaluate out the work right conditions (temperature and time), for the production of light aggregates from expanded clay. The methodology that was followed consists of three phases: preparation and pelletization of clay mixtures and technological nutrient; application of heat treatment in a set of muffle furnaces; and application of statistical treatment with the help of Software R. One of the most important results is that the expansion of the clay is indifferent to the time it takes to cook the pellets, and that this property depends solely on the temperature of burning. The temperature that generates the greatest expansion is 1,200 Celsius degrees, using a set of muffle furnaces.
Mineralogical, microstructural and porosimetry analysis in three different clayey soils
Authors: Ruge J C , Palacios X , Molina-Gómez F , Rojas Suárez J P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Diffraction, scanning electron microscope and helium porosimetry techniques have been shown to be suitable for obtaining physical and mineralogical properties in soil samples. The X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy allows obtaining the elemental composition of the sample, while the X-ray diffraction technique permits obtaining a qualitative and quantitative composition of the soil minerals. On the other hand, scanning electron microscope shows the microstructure of the soil and the helium porosimetry measures the pore size, volume, distribution, density and other porosity-related characteristics of the material. This document presents the characterisation of three different clayey soils by an experimental plan that included mineralogical, microstructural and porosimetric tests. The soils used were bentonite, kaolin and a natural clay retrieved near to Bogotá city, Colombia. Results obtained from this study allow providing a better understanding of soil behaviour, which traditional mechanical tests do not explain.
Cost comparison between reinforced concrete moment resistant gantry system and reinforced concrete industrialized structural wall system
Authors: Rojas-Suárez J P , Orjuela-Abril M S , Prada-Botía G C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The system of porticoes resistant to moments of reinforced concrete is a set of beams and columns connected by means of knots that allows the generation of adequate spaces with facility before changes by the same users, whereas the industrialized system of structural walls of reinforced concrete, they are used for numerous, repetitive and of low price real estate, but they are completely immobile and in some occasions with problems of segregation and anthills. In this research work, a comparative study of the costs and budgets of the two proposed structural systems of the building was carried out in order to determine the structural system with the lowest costs and execution times, showing the results in explanatory graphs.
Technical feasibility study for the implementation of pedestrian safety mechanisms
Authors: Rojas-Suárez J P , Orjuela-Abril M S , Prada-Botía G C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The increase in distractions when driving or walking on a road has proportionally increased the number of accidents that occur each year, with pedestrians being the most affected. For this reason, an attempt is made to study the characteristics of a vehicle road, identifying the critical points and road sections of maximum demand of the inhabitants, who are the ones most in need of pedestrian crossings. For this reason, a statistical and technical study of traffic is proposed by means of vehicular gauges with respect to the most representative days that help to determine quantitatively the vehicular flow that circulates through this road corridor, by means of graphs, tables that help to identify the statistical data without still leaving aside the importance of a study of pedestrian traffic by means of a count in typical days of mobilization with the purpose of determining the pedestrian volume, due to its increase in the indexes of accidents caused by different types of transport, in which the motorcycles stand out.
Optimal percentage of asphalt cement in MDC-19 for flexible pavements in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Hurtado-Figueroa O , Eslava-Vila B E , Cárdenas-Gutiérrez J A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Samples were taken of the stone material used for the design of asphalt mixtures, extracted from the 3 water sources present in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia, the Táchira, Zulia and Pamplonita rivers. The aggregates samples were analyzed under the regulations of the Instituto Nacional de Vías in its update of 2013 that applies to Colombia. Asphalt cement was used from the manufacturing plant and industrial processes located in the city of Barrancabermeja, Colombia. Five dense hot mixes-19 were designed for flexible pavement with different % of asphalt cement, 4.5%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, and 6.5% percentages suggested by article 450-13 of the “Instituto Nacional de Vías”. With each one of the percentages 3 briquettes were elaborated, taking as guide the established in the norm of tests of the “Instituto Nacional de Vías”. The resistance to plastic deformation of asphalt mixtures designed in the laboratories of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander in the city of San José de Cucuta, Colombia and the company Maqinteligente S.A.S. was determined. The results obtained in each of the tests were tabulated and compared, determining the behavior of the stone aggregates together with the optimum percentage of asphalt cement and its working temperature in each of the mixtures designed. It was concluded that the 3 water sources provide quality material for the design of asphalt mixtures. These results were used to provide information of interest to road construction contractors, whose budgets will be favored by identifying the quality material to be incorporated into their projects, a situation that favors the final result and the delivery of the work to the satisfaction of the beneficiary community, who will see a substantial reduction in the cost of fossil fuels by reducing travel times to their destinations, this being the most notorious environmental characteristic of the research.
Computer technique for the suitability of digital evidence in attacking an information system: Forensic analysis for the digital custody chain
Authors: Jácome-Castilla N , Villamizar-Nuñez C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents results of a research project that attempted to create a model of forensics in an information system; since forensic analysis allows to establish the causes of security commitment information system. The aim of the study was to determine the software tools to be used in the management of security incidents in an information system; required for the design of computer art for extracting digital evidence to anchor the chain of custody items. The research methodology was descriptive and applied document type, by analyzing the different tools technique that allows maintenance of digital evidence was designed, preserving the integrity of this as a test mechanism in a judicial process. In this way, the procedures to be performed to store information were established without being altered chain of custody solving the above questions: What is the chronological order in which the events of alteration, transmission or access occurred? What evidence have to believe you are a victim?, what are the damages incurred?, who do responsible for the incident?, what people are suspicious of the event?, who has investigated the incident and which actions has taken to preserve, identify, collect and analyze the data involved?; ensuring this way through technical steps and tools to be used for the preservation of the chain of custody, as an evidence in a court case.
Economic growth model in developing economies
Authors: Gallardo Pérez H J , Vergel Ortega M , Cordero Díaz M C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Economic growth is a function of the interactions between the different productive factors framed in the economic policy of an economy. The present work tries to explain the economic growth in developing economies, for which a variation of the model on the dynamics of growth proposed by Lukas is proposed, consisting of using, instead of the production function of Cobb-Douglas, a function of production with constant substitution elasticity, since it is very probable that in incipient economies, this one better reflects the functional relationship between factors of production.
Communications management in the success of projects. Case study: Provincial university
Authors: Hernández F Y , Ramírez R P , Laguado R I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The communication project is a key factor to achieve good results in the development of a project; this includes the processes of planning, collecting, creating, storing, controlling and distributing information in a timely manner. In this context, the general objective of the research was to evaluate the communications management for the success of projects in a provincial university. In the first instance, communications assessment at the institutional level is carried out, the type of requirements and the use of communication methods are determined and then a communications plan is proposed. The type of research is descriptive, where a series of variables are selected, each of them are measured independently in order to describe them. As a result of the research, those involved in carrying out the projects were identified, it was obtained that the management of communications ensures a better distribution of information at all levels of the institution, in addition, the design of the communications plan allows the information to be transmitted efficiently and assertively.
Educational contextualization: Memories, oral narratives and subjectivities at the border
Authors: Cerinza-Contento A P , RamirezParis-Colmenares X , Amaya-Mancilla M A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present study conducted in the educational context at the Colombo-Venezuelan border approaches the issue of migrant children vulnerability, the coexistence relationship among equals and the teacher’s pedagogical intervention in the re-signification processes of identity in the self (sameness) and the other (otherness) recognition. This research objective was to characterize the social environment and then determine the citizen actions and attitudes evidenced in the school context and to establish a coexistence protocol. In this study, in which 220 elementary school students between 10 and 12 years old from two institutions at the border region participated deepens in the diagnosis, recognition and development of a classroom work methodology. The methodological approach is qualitative and work in four phases 1) documentary: Analysis of student population to the competent agencies in the region, boards of education and government institutions, among others, 2) field research: identifying the actors, conduct the interviews and apply the instrument for occupational self-evaluation 3) analysis of the findings and interpretation results from the categories carried out with the theory founded. 4) scientific contribution creation. Their oral narratives result mainly indicate that there is a vulnerable student population coming from dysfunctional homes that somehow have to live through the border conflicts; families that are exposed to daily violence in their neighborhoods due to the smuggling of products, many children work as "smugglers": they buy and resell family basket basic and scarce products. The staying of migrant children is fluctuating during the school period.
Response of different local Rice varieties to shallow water depth irrigation in Indonesia
Authors: Puristiawan F F , Maftukhah R , Ningrum D R , Nugroho B D A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Shallow water depth (SWD) and intermittent irrigation are methods design to reduce water use of rice plant and maintain rice yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the rice plant growth behaviour of four different local rice varieties cultivated in continuous flooding (CF) and intermittent with shallow water depth (SWD) irrigation. Rice varieties i.e. Ciherang, IR64, Hitam, and Merah were grown in pot experiment with CF and SWD irrigation. Rice growth parameters such as plant height, number of tillers, SPAD, and steam hardness were observed during a season. Different rice varieties resulted different response to irrigation treatment, where Ciherang and Merah varieties under SWD irrigation were significantly improve number of tillers. However, IR64 and Hitam varieties were different. In addition, plant height and SPAD were not significantly different among treatment. Rice cultivation under SWD irrigation of different local rice varieties in this experiment shows that not significantly different from CF irrigation, indicated that rice varieties can be adapted in areas with limited water availability
Development of environmental monitoring systems based on LoRa with cloud integration for rural area
Authors: Hidayat M S , Nugroho A P , Sutiarso L , Okayasu T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is widely used in field environmental monitoring recently, because of its ease of use and being able to simplify the complexity installation in real application. Indonesia is an agricultural country with more than 16.5 million of farming land, most of the farming land is located in a rural area. The problems on the implementation of IoT-based environmental monitoring system in a rural area is the limited signal and energy. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to develop an Environmental Monitoring System based on LoRa in a rural area with the implementation of the Local Management Subsystem (LMS) and Global Management Subsystem (GMS) framework to optimize the existing development of the Environmental Monitoring System with focused on optimum distance by measuring the RSSI, signal strength and packet loss. The research was conducted in Bulaksumur Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, with four zones and various obstacles. As the result, Zone D with line of sight was the best result for getting the affordable distance for data transmission. This Zone can reach over 800 m distance with only 20% packet loss.