bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutational Analysis of Field Cancerization in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Strandgaard Trine , Nordentoft Iver , Lamy Philippe , Christensen Emil , Thomsen Mathilde Borg Houlberg , Jensen Jørgen Bjerggaard , Dyrskjøt Lars 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Morphologically normal tissue, adjacent to tumors, contains multiple molecular changes, the so-called field cancerization. The multifocal and recurrent nature of bladder cancer has been hypothesized to originate from this. However, further studies are required to explore the mutational composition of normal tissue adjacent to tumors. OBJECTIVE: To analyze field cancerization in bladder cancer patients using a non-tumor guided approach. METHODS: We investigated the mutational landscape of normal appearing urothelium and paired bladder tumors from four patients by applying deep-targeted sequencing. RESULTS: Sequencing of 509 cancer driver genes revealed the presence of 2– 13 mutations exclusively localized in normal tissue (average target read depth 634×). Furthermore, 6– 13 mutations were shared between tumor and normal samples and 8– 75 mutations were exclusively detected in tumor samples. More mutations were observed in normal samples from patients with multifocal disease compared to patients with unifocal disease. Mutations in normal samples had lower variant allele fractions (VAF) compared to tumor mutations ( p < 2.2*10–16). Furthermore, significant differences in the type of nucleotide changes between tumor, normal and shared mutations ( p = 2.2*10–5) were observed, and mutations in APOBEC context were observed primarily among tumor mutations ( p = 0.02). No differences in functional impact between normal, shared and tumor mutations were observed ( p = 0.61). CONCLUSION: Overall, these findings support the presence of more than one field in the bladder, and document non-tumor specific driver mutations to be present in normal appearing bladder tissue.
Radiomics and Bladder Cancer: Current Status
Authors: Cacciamani Giovanni E. , Nassiri Nima , Varghese Bino , Maas Marissa , King Kevin G. , Hwang Darryl , Abreu Andre , Gill Inderbir , Duddalwar Vinay 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE: To systematically review the current literature and discuss the applications and limitations of radiomics and machine-learning augmented radiomics in the management of bladder cancer. METHODS: Pubmed ®, Scopus ®, and Web of Science ® databases were searched systematically for all full-text English-language articles assessing the impact of Artificial Intelligence OR Radiomics OR Machine Learning AND Bladder Cancer AND (staging OR grading OR prognosis) published up to January 2020. RESULTS: Of the 686 articles that were identified, 13 studies met the criteria for quantitative analysis. Staging, Grading and Tumor Classification, Prognosis, and Therapy Response were discussed in 7, 3, 2 and 7 studies, respectively. Data on cost of implementation were not reported. CT and MRI were the most common imaging approaches. CONCLUSION: Radiomics shows potential in bladder cancer detection, staging, grading, and response to therapy, thereby supporting the physician in personalizing patient management. Extension and validation of this promising technology in large multisite prospective trials is warranted to pave the way for its clinical translation.
Assessment of shutdown dose rates at the ESS target cooling system using SCALE6.2
Authors: Chambon Amalia , Klinkby Esben , Emås Leif , Lauritzen Bent 
Published: July 2020

The production of high-energy neutrons at the European Spallation Source through the spallation process may cause an erosion of the tungsten target. The eroded particles could be released into the target helium cooling system which contains four kind of filters. Among them, the auxiliary filters called “getters” are designed to capture volatile elements and remaining dust. In this work, the ORNL’s SCALE6.2 modelling and simulation suite for nuclear safety analysis is applied to assess shutdown dose rates and determine if added shielding and/or robotic arms are needed for their maintenance. SCALE6.2 is well adapted to treat this problem as it allows for isotope selection regarding source term calculation. Dose rates are determined by an ORIGEN2 source term and a MAVRIC shielding sequence calculation. As SCALE6.2 is non-standard software for ESS, the results are verified against MCNP, which is the baseline tool for neutronics analysis at ESS. Dose rate calculations show that additional shielding and/or robot arm are not needed to remove the getters after 3 months of cooling time, following 5400 h of operation at 5 MW beam power. At a distance of 1 mm from the getter, the dose rate is 0.2 mSv/h in the most conservative estimation.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MISKIN-KOTA MELALUI PENGEMBANGBIAKKAN KAMBING (Studi pada Program Pengabdian Dosen Institut Agama Islam Negeri Metro)
Authors: Mustofa Imam , Irwansyah Dedi 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak
Kajian ini merupakan kajian akadmik program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh Pusat Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, (PPM) Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Metro. Program ini berupa peberdayaan ekonomi melalui komunitas. Lokasi Program pemberdayaan ini difokuskan di Kecamatan Metro Utara.Program pemberdayaan dilaksanakan melalui pengembangbiakkan kambing di keluarahan karangrejo Metro Utara Kota Metro. Subyek pemberdayaan ini adalah jamaah yasinan dan pengajian di Bedeng 23 A, Karangrejo. Tujuan pemberdayaan adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, taraf hidup subyek dampingan, jamaah yasinan dan pengajian. Lebih dari itu, pemberdayaan ini diharapkan dapat menciptakan komunitas masyarakat yang hidup mandiri. Masyarakat yang mampu mengendalikan kehidupan mereka.Berdasarkan evaluasi dan pengamatanlapangan, kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan program pemberdayaan melalui pengembangbiakkan kambing tidak hanya ditentukan jumlah modal yang diberikan, akan tetapi oleh spirit dan komitmen subyek pemberdayaan. Selain itu, faktor lain yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pemberdayaan ini adalah manajemen pengelolaan modal dan aset pemberdayaan. Subyek dampingan yang dipercaya untuk mengembangbiakkan kambing dengan sistem bergulir dan tidak menjadi hak milik, semangat dan komitmen mereka untuk memelihara hewan tersebut lebih tinggi, sehingga pemberdayaan berjalan efektif. Sementara model pemberdayaan yang modalnya berasal dari dana zakat profesi berupa kambing yang diserahkan kepada mustahiq untuk menjadi hak milik dan tidak bergulir, umumnya komitmen dan kesriusan penerima kurang maksimal. Akibatnya, tujuan pemberdayaan tidak tercapai secara maksimal.

Kata kunci: Pemberdayaan ekonomi, subyek pemberdayaan, zakat profesi, pengembangbiakkan kambing.
MOSQUE MANAGEMENT RESPONSE TO PRODUCTIVE WAQF
Authors: Suhairi Suhairi 
Published: July 2020

Questions in this study are: What is the response of the board to the management of mosque-based productive waqf? The purpose of this study is to elaborate the management's response to the management of productive mosque-based waqf. The research conducted wasfield research, in the form of a mosque that met the criteria used as a research location. Mosque criteria are those that have the potential of managing a mosque-based productive waqf. Data collection is done through interviews. From the four mosques studied, the management's response had differences. The response of the mosque management and or the foundation, one mosque, the Babussalam Pekalongan East Lampung Mosque, the management objected if it was built in the front yard of the shop. The reason stated, the existence of the mosque for worship, not for business. While the management of the other three mosques agreed and strongly agreed that a mosque-based productive waqf management would be carried out by building shops in its front yard.
Keywords: Productive Waqf, Nazhir, and Empowerment of Waqf Land
COMMUNITY ACCEPTABILITY TO THE SALAFI MOVEMENT
Authors: Setiawan Wahyu , Midia Fredy Gandhi 
Published: July 2020

The study of Salafi is generally focused on the perspective of social movements with the political opportunity structure, resources theory, and collective action frames. The three approaches to social movement theory lead to the same estuary, which is an analysis of emerging factors and the development of a social movement. Unlike the previous studies, this article focuses on the acceptance of the Islamic community's acceptability patterns to the Salafi movement. The interesting phenomenon of this movement is the so massive infiltration occurring. The community is so rapidly accepting the style and the system of sustainability offered by various Salafi groups. This article uses a sociological approach to the basis of structural-functional and interactionist-symbolic theories of experience in both the individual and collective levels of the followers of Salafi. Methods of collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation with the research subject of 30 members of the Salafi group are not grass-root. The results showed that structuralist-functionally, the phenomenon of public acceptability due to the currents of modernity, shifting the concept of the family, shifting the meaning of religious authorities, and ease of access to information technology. Symbolically-symbolic, the phenomenon is the result of individual interaction with the social environment and the search for alternative religious identity.
Keywords: Salafi, Movemnt, and Islam
SELF-AWARENESS MOVEMENT: DERADICALIZATION OF STUDENTS' RELIGION UNDERSTANDING IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE
Authors: Murdiana Elfa , Sudiono Titut 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research analyses the concept of leadership within transnational Islam tradition in Indonesia and their response towards democracy, particularly within three largest transnational organizations of Jama’ah Tabligh, Jama’ah Tarbiyah, and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Based on an extensive literature study and in depth interviews, this research found that: first, leadership concept in the tradition of (1) Jamaah Tabligh is called “Amir” which is appointed through a dialogue (musyawarah). The Amir is responsible to preach ‘the da’wah ‘ala> Minhaj an-Nubuwwah (proselytizing Islam using Prophetic methods) through ‘khuru>j fi> sabi>lilla>h; (2) Jama’ah Tarbiyah is called “Majlis Syuro” as the highest body of the Islamic party which functions as “ahlul halli wal ‘aqdi” (the consultative assembly) in its political movement represented by Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (Prosperous Justice Party/ PKS); and (3) HTI is called “Khalifah” that calls for the system of ‘Khila>fah ‘ala> Minha>ji an-Nubuwwah’. Second, those three organizations have divergent responses regarding the practice of democracy in Indonesia. The responses are (1) Jamaah Tabligh chooses to be apolitical and let its followers whether to participate in the democracy or not; (2) Jamaah Tarbiyah supports the democracy system by establishing Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), and (3) HTI opposes democracy because the concept is born from the capitalist ideology, a kufr system as it created by human and is not taken from Shari’ah concept..
Keywords: Leadership. Transnasional, and Democracy
THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING APPROACH AND LEARNING MOTIVATION TOWARD WRITING SKILLS OF PANTUN IN THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Helda Resti Adna , Harun Mardiah , R Syahrul 
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to observe the effect of the Contextual teaching and learning (CTL) approach and learning motivation on the skills of writing Pantunof fifth graders in elementary school. This research was an experimental research with the subject of fifth grade students and carried out in Elementary School Cluster I Pariaman City. The research instruments were a learning motivation questionnaire and performance test. Data analysis was carried out using a two-way ANAVA and t-test. Learning outcomes obtained by using the CTL approach to students was higher than conventional methods, both low motivation and high motivation. CTL approach makes students more interested and enthusiastic in learning to write Pantun. As well as creating new experiences for students, it makes students active and learning more fun compared to conventional methods which make some students become passive
Integração, imaginação e política externa: as bases do paradigma sul-americano? / Integration, imagination and foreign policy: the bases of the South American paradigm?
Authors: Menezes Roberto Goulart 
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a trajetória recente da integração regional a partir de uma perspectiva brasileira tendo como referência à política externa do governo Lula da Silva para a América do Sul. Na trajetória da integração sul-americana persistem problemas estruturais tais como a baixa complementaridade econômica, baixa interdependência, assimetrias, baixa capacidade da maioria dos Estados entre outros. Apesar dessas adversidades e entraves a integração segue no horizonte. Para lidar com os desafios da integração ao longo da última década, o Itamaraty passou a trabalhar com duas agendas: uma seletiva e a outra profunda. Abstract: The aim of this work is to discuss the recent trajectory of the regional integration from a Brazilian perspective taking into account the foreign policy of Lula da Silva government to South America. In this trajectory of the south American integration persist structural problems such as low economic complementarity, low interdependence, asymmetries, low capacity of most states among others. Spite of these adversities and obstacles the integration follows in the horizon. To deal with the challenges of the integration a long with the last decade, Itamaraty started to work with two agendas: selective and deep ones.
O declínio global da democracia / The global decline of democracy
Authors: Zolo Danilo 
Published: July 2020

Baseado na análise do declínio do Estado de bem-estar social e no surgimento das características que configuram uma sociedade penitenciária, em que se destacam o crescimento da política carcerária, novos métodos de tortura, renascimento e expansão da pena de morte e novos elementos de segurança policial e judiciária, o texto argumenta, de maneira fortemente crítica, no sentido de apontar o declínio da democracia, tanto no modelo clássico quanto no modelo moderno, em termos globais. Based on welfare state wane and the emerging characteristics that configure a penitentiary society, highlighting the increase of incarceration policy, new torture methods, rebirth and expansion of death penalty and new judicial and criminal security elements, the text presents critical arguments, pointing, in global terms, the democracy decline in classic and modern models.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CTL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI IPS-3 SMA NEGERI 1 WANGI-WANGI
Authors: Femi Femi , Irawaty Irawaty 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk: 1) Meningkatkan aktivitas belajar sosiologi pada siswa kelas XI IPS-3 SMA Negeri I Wangi-Wangi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran CTL 2) Meningkatkan efektivitas mengajar sosiologi pada guru kelas XI IPS-3 SMA Negeri I Wangi-Wangi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran CTL 3) Meningkatkan hasil belajar sosiologi pada siswa kelas XI IPS-3 SMA Negeri I Wangi-Wangi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran CTL. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS-3 SMA Negeri I Wangi-Wangi sebanyak 29 siswa.Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah aktivitas yang diperoleh dari lembar observasi dan hasil belajar siswa yang diukur melalui tes siklus. Analisis data yang dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif. Dari hasil analisis data diproleh kesimpulan bahwa: 1) Aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 70% yang belum mencapai indikator kinerja, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 100%. Telah mencapai indikator kinerja 2) Efektivitas mengajar guru pada siklus I mencapai 83%belum mencapai indikator kinerja yang telah ditetapkan, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 100% telah mencapai indikator kinerja. 3) Hasil belajar sosiologi siswa pada siklus I nilai rata-rata mencapai 69 sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata mencapai 88. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 66% atau 19 orang dari 29 siswa yang tuntas secara klasikal dan 34% atau 10 orang yang tidak tuntas secara klasikal dan pada siklus II hasil belajar sosiologi siswa mencapai 93% atau 27 orang dari 29 siswa yang tuntas secara klasikal dan 7% atau 2 orang yang tidak tuntas secara klasikal . Kata Kunci: Aktivitas, Efektivitas, Hasil Belajar
SEJARAH BANDARUDARA SUGIMANURU DI DESA KUSAMBI KECAMATAN KUSAMBI KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT (1980-2017)
Authors: Jaldin Jaldin , Untarti Dade Prat 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang pembangunan bandarudara Sugimanuru di Desa Kusambi Kecamatan Kusambi Kabupaten Muna Barat (2) Untuk menguraikan kendala pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru di Desa Kusambi Kecamatan Kusambi Kabupaten Muna Barat (3) Untuk menguraikan dampak pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru di Desa Kusambi Kecamatan Kusambi Kabupaten Muna Barat, dan (4) Untuk menguraikan perkembangan pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru di Desa Kusambi Kecamatan Kusambi Kabupaten Muna Barat.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang dikemukakan oleh Helius Sjamsuddin, yang terdiri atas tiga tahap yaitu: (1) Heuristik yakni mencari sumber melalui wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan penelitian lapangan, (2) Kritik Sumber terdiri atas kritik eksternal dan kritik internal guna untuk mendapat data yang otentik, (3) Historiografi yaitu tahap penulisan dalam bentuk karya tulis kronologis, sistematis, dan ilmiah. Hasil penelitian lapangan menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Latar belakang pembangunan bandar Udara Sugimanuru pada awal pembangunannya atas dasar pemikiran seorang pemimpin yang bernama Drs. La Ode Saafi Amane yang merupakan Bupati Muna periode 1981-1986 yang menjunjung tinggi empat poin visi dan misi yaitu: mendorong peningkatan dan pemerataan kesejahteraan masyarakat, meningkatkan kualitas dan daya dukung infrastruktur wilayah, meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik, meningkatkan pengelolaan dan pelestarian sumber daya alam. Atas dasar itulah sehingga terbangun bandar udara Sugimanuru untuk pelayanan sipil, (2) Kendala pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru yaitu dapat dilihat dari pandangan masyarakat yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk respon yaitu ada pihak yang menerima pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru dan ada pihak yang menolak pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru, (3) Dampak dari pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru yakni terbukanya lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat, mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat, bertambahnya alat transportasi, mempermudah akses transportasi lintas daerah. (4) Perkembangan pembangunan bandar udara Sugimanuru dari tahun ketahun terlihat mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan, hal itu dapat dilihat dari sarana dan prasarana yang ada. Kata Kunci: Kendala, Perkembangan, Bandar Udara
PENGGUNAAN DISPLAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEBERHASILAN DALAM PROSES SERTA HASIL BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 1 TONGKUNO
Authors: Maut Wa Ode Arini 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Sekolah merupakan unit utama dalam pengelolaan proses pendidikan, disekolah itulah terjadi proses belajar mengajar, yakni proses pendewasaan yang melibatkan siswa dan guru sebagai komponen utama dalam pengembangan potensi anak. Disamping itu banyak komponen penunjang yang turut berperan terhadap kemajuan proses belajar anak di sekolah. penelitian ini di lakasanakan selama dua siklus mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi Hasil pembelajaran yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa proses belajar IPS melalui tekhnik permainan dan display mampu memberikankeberhasilan belajar pada siswa.Ketiga paradigma lainnya dicapai melalui kegiatan yang membuat siswa melakukan berbagai kegiatan dalam suasana berkelompok. Sehingga learning to do, learning to be, dan learning to live together juga mereka telah lalui. Itu pun dapat terukur dari rubrik penilaian yang dibuat dan telah terliaht bagaimana siswa terbawa dalam untuk kelompoknya untuk meraih penilaian-penilaian yang mereka hadapi selama kegiatan berlangsung. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Teknik Bermain dan DisplayABSTRAK: Sekolah merupakan unit utama dalam pengelolaan proses pendidikan, disekolah itulah terjadi proses belajar mengajar, yakni proses pendewasaan yang melibatkan siswa dan guru sebagai komponen utama dalam pengembangan potensi anak. Disamping itu banyak komponen penunjang yang turut berperan terhadap kemajuan proses belajar anak di sekolah. penelitian ini di lakasanakan selama dua siklus mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi Hasil pembelajaran yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa proses belajar IPS melalui tekhnik permainan dan display mampu memberikan keberhasilan belajar pada siswa.Ketiga paradigma lainnya dicapai melalui kegiatan yang membuat siswa melakukan berbagai kegiatan dalam suasana berkelompok. Sehingga learning to do, learning to be, dan learning to live together juga mereka telah lalui. Itu pun dapat terukur dari rubrik penilaian yang dibuat dan telah terliaht bagaimana siswa terbawa dalam untuk kelompoknya untuk meraih penilaian-penilaian yang mereka hadapi selama kegiatan berlangsung.
SEJARAH DIBENTUKNYA FATO GHOERANO DIKERAJAAN MUNA 1600-1920
Authors: Joni Joni , Untarti Dade Prat 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK: Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini membahas mengenai latar belakang dibentuknya fato ghoerano di Kerajaan Muna 1600-1920, proses dibentuknya fato ghoerano di Kerajaan Muna 1600-1920 dan dampaknya terhadap kerajaan Muna 1600-1920. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah menurut Helius Samsudin dimana tata kerja metode ini adalah (1) Heuristik (teknik pengumpulan data) (2) Kritik Sumber (analisis data) (3) Interprestasi (penafsiran) (4) Historiografi (penyusunan penulisan).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibentuknya fato ghoerno karna pertambahan jumlah penduduk menyebabkan perluasan area pemukiman dan perluasan wilayah kerajaan. Luasnya wilayah kerajaan jelas menyulitkan bagi seorang raja dalam menjalankan pemerintahan serta dalam mengontrol seluruh wilayah kerajaan. Demikian pula halnya yang dialami raja La Titakono di kerajaan Muna pada tahun 1920 dimana terjadi pertumbuhan penduduk yang cepat sehingga kerajaan Muna pada saat itu bertambah luas. Untuk mengatasi hal itu maka raja La Titakono membagi wilayah kerajaan Muna menjadi fato ghoera (empat wilayah). Proses dibentuknya fato ghoerano dikerajaan muna 1600-1920 untuk memperlancar jalannya pemerintahan di daerah, olehnya La Titakono membagi wilayah kerajaan Muna menjadi empat 4 wilayah (fato ghoerano) dan tiap-tiap ghoera (kepala daerah) mempunyai hak untuk mengatur sendiri daaerahnya. Pembentukan pemerintahan Ghoera memberikan dampak yang postif dalam mengatur sistem pemerintahan, daerah-daerah diberi wewenang untuk mengatur rumah tangganya sendiri sehingga sangat membantu tugas dari raja Muna dalam menjalankan pemerintahan. Kata Kunci: Latar Belakang, Proses, Dampak, Fato Ghoerano