bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributions of hypothalamic neuron populations coexpressing tyrosine hydroxylase and the vesicular GABA transporter in the mouse
Authors: Negishi Kenichiro , Payant Mikayla A. , Schumacker Kayla S. , Wittmann Gabor , Butler Rebecca M. , Lechan Ronald M. , Steinbusch Harry W. M. , Khan Arshad M. , Chee Melissa J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe hypothalamus contains catecholaminergic neurons marked by the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). As multiple chemical messengers coexist in each neuron, we determined if hypothalamic TH‐immunoreactive (ir) neurons express vesicular glutamate or GABA transporters. We used Cre/loxP recombination to express enhanced GFP (EGFP) in neurons expressing the vesicular glutamate (vGLUT2) or GABA transporter (vGAT), then determined whether TH‐ir neurons colocalized with native EGFPVglut2‐ or EGFPVgat‐fluorescence, respectively. EGFPVglut2 neurons were not TH‐ir. However, discrete TH‐ir signals colocalized with EGFPVgat neurons, which we validated by in situ hybridization for Vgat mRNA. To contextualize the observed pattern of colocalization between TH‐ir and EGFPVgat, we first performed Nissl‐based parcellation and plane‐of‐section analysis, and then mapped the distribution of TH‐ir EGFPVgat neurons onto atlas templates from the Allen Reference Atlas (ARA) for the mouse brain. TH‐ir EGFPVgat neurons were distributed throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hypothalamus. Within the ARA ontology of gray matter regions, TH‐ir neurons localized primarily to the periventricular hypothalamic zone, periventricular hypothalamic region, and lateral hypothalamic zone. There was a strong presence of EGFPVgat fluorescence in TH‐ir neurons across all brain regions, but the most striking colocalization was found in a circumscribed portion of the zona incerta (ZI)—a region assigned to the hypothalamus in the ARA—where every TH‐ir neuron expressed EGFPVgat. Neurochemical characterization of these ZI neurons revealed that they display immunoreactivity for dopamine but not dopamine β‐hydroxylase. Collectively, these findings indicate the existence of a novel mouse hypothalamic population that may signal through the release of GABA and/or dopamine.
Blue‐Shift Hydrogen Bonds in Silyltriptycene Derivatives: Antibonding σ* Orbitals of the Si−C Bond as Effective Acceptors of Electron Density
Authors: Mames Adam , Gołowicz Dariusz , Pietrzak Mariusz , Kazimierczuk Krzysztof , Szymański Sławomir , Ratajczyk Tomasz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTriptycene derivatives are widely utilized in different fields of chemistry and materials sciences. Their physicochemical properties, often of pivotal importance for the rational design of triptycene‐based functional materials, are influenced by noncovalent interactions between substituents mounted on the triptycene skeleton. Herein, a unique interaction between electron‐rich substituents in the peri position and the silyl group located on the bridgehead sp3‐carbon is discussed on the example of 1,4‐dichloro‐9‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)‐silyltriptycene (TRPCl) which exists in solution in the form of two rotamers differing by dispositions, syn or anti, of the Si−CPh (the CPh atom is from the p‐methoxyphenyl group) bond against the peri‐Cl atom. For the first time, substantial differences between the Si−CPh bonds in these two dispositions are identified, based on indirect experimental and direct theoretical evidence. For these two orientations, the experimental 1J(Si,CPh) values differ by as much as 10 percent. The differences are explained in terms of effective electron density transfer from the peri‐Cl atom to the antibonding σ* orbitals of the Si−X bonds (X=H, CPh) oriented anti to that atom. The electronic effects are revealed by an NBO analysis. Connections of these observations with the notion of blue‐shifting hydrogen bonds are discussed.
LR‐selHSQMBC: Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Very Weak Long‐Range Heteronuclear NMR Correlations
Authors: Motiram‐Corral Kumar , Souza Alexandre A. , Saurí Josep , Nolis Pau , Parella Teodor 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe optimum detection and accurate measurement of longer‐range (4J and higher) heteronuclear NMR correlations is described. The magnitude and/or the sign of a wide range of large and small long‐range couplings can be simultaneously determined for protonated and non‐protonated 13C and 15N nuclei using the LR‐selHSQMBC experiment.
IRMPD Spectra of Protonated Hydroxybenzaldehydes: Evidence of Torsional Barriers in Carboxonium Ions
Authors: Chiavarino Barbara , Dopfer Otto , Crestoni Maria Elisa , Corinti Davide , Maître Philippe , Fornarini Simonetta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtonation at the formyl oxygen atom of benzaldehydes leading to the formation of carboxonium ions yields two distinct isomers, depending on the relative orientation of the proton either cis or trans with respect to the hydrogen atom on the adjacent carbon. In this context, the IR multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectra of protonated ortho, meta, and para‐hydroxybenzaldehydes (OH−BZH+), delivered into the gas phase by electrospray ionization of hydro‐alcoholic solutions, are reported in the 3200–3700 cm−1 spectral range. This range is characteristic of O−H stretching modes and thus able to differentiate cis and trans carboxonium isomers. Comparison between IRMPD spectra and DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(2df2p) level suggests that for both p‐OH−BZH+ and m‐OH−BZH+ only cis conformers are present in the ion population analyzed. For o‐OH−BZH+, IRMPD spectroscopy points to a mixture comprising one trans and more than one cis conformers. The energy barrier for cis–trans isomerization calculated for each OH−BZH+ isomer is a measure of the degree of π‐electron delocalization. Furthermore, IRMPD spectra of p‐OH−BZH+, m‐OH−BZH+ and protonated phenol (this last used as reference) were recorded also in the fingerprint range. Both the observed C−O and O−H stretching vibrations appear to be a measure of π‐electron delocalization in the ions.
Pulsed Dipolar EPR Spectroscopy and Metal Ions: Methodology and Biological Applications
Authors: Abdullin Dinar , Schiemann Olav 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPulsed dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (PDS) is a valuable method for determining biomolecular structures and their conformational changes during function. Often, this method is applied to paramagnetic metal ions that are either intrinsic co‐factors of biomolecules or introduced into biomolecules as spin labels. Here, the key achievements and the remaining challenges of PDS on metal ions are summarized and critically discussed. The first part of the Review describes the methodology of PDS experiments and the related data analysis for each of the biologically relevant paramagnetic metal centers. The second part highlights applications with the aim to give an idea about what kind of questions from structural biology can be answered by PDS‐based distance measurements involving metal centers.
Improving social functioning and life satisfaction among patients with personality dysfunction: Connectedness and engagement in integrative group treatment
Authors: Kealy David , Aafjes‐van Doorn Katie , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Weber Rainer , Ogrodniczuk John S. , Joyce Anthony S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReduced social impairment and improved life satisfaction are important objectives in group treatment for patients with personality dysfunction. Knowledge regarding patient characteristics and group treatment processes that contribute to these outcomes, however, remains limited. Dispositional connectedness, the valuing of interpersonal connections, may be an important patient factor that influences patients' experience of group treatment in ways that facilitate therapeutic benefits. The present study investigated the roles of dispositional connectedness and group engagement in contributing to improvement in social functioning and life satisfaction through integrative group treatment for personality dysfunction. Seventy‐nine patients who completed an integrative group treatment programme were assessed for dispositional connectedness at baseline and social functioning and life satisfaction at pretreatment and posttreatment; each also provided ratings of group engagement during treatment. Regression analyses using bootstrap confidence intervals found significant indirect effects for dispositional connectedness regarding improvement in both social functioning and life satisfaction, through the mediating effect of group engagement. Thus, patients who entered treatment with tendencies towards interpersonal connectedness perceived a higher level of engagement in the group environment. Group engagement in turn contributed to greater improvement in social functioning and to greater improvement in life satisfaction following treatment. The findings indicate dispositional connectedness as a salient characteristic in selecting patients for group treatment and highlight the role of an engaged interpersonal climate in facilitating improvement in social functioning and life satisfaction.
Fluorescent Western Blotting: High Sensitivity Detection of Multiple Targets
Authors: Berkelman Tom 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWestern blotting with fluorescence detection offers the possibility of detecting multiple targets simultaneously on a single blot. Primary antibodies are increasingly available from multiple hosts, and there are now a wide variety of dye labels to exploit multiple imaging channels. If primary and secondary antibodies are selected so that individual targets can be discriminated, multiple antigens can be detected and quantified in a single experiment. Current fluorescence imaging instrumentation offers multiple detection channels and gives sensitivity comparable to other methods. The method described in this article allows multiple targets to be quantified simultaneously and reduces the need for stripping and re‐probing. It also allows loading controls to be detected alongside the targets of interest. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol: Five‐plex western blot detection, including tubulin detection for loading control
When is a hydrological model sufficiently calibrated to depict flow preferences of riverine species?
Authors: Kiesel Jens , Kakouei Karan , Guse Björn , Fohrer Nicola , Jähnig Sonja C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRiverine species have adapted to their environment, particularly to the hydrological regime. Hydrological models and the knowledge of species preferences are used to predict the impact of hydrological changes on species. Inevitably, hydrological model performance impacts how species are simulated. From the example of macroinvertebrates in a lowland and a mountainous catchment, we investigate the impact of hydrological model performance and the choice of the objective function based on a set of 36 performance metrics for predicting species occurrences. Besides species abundance, we use the simulated community structure for an ecological assessment as applied for the Water Framework Directive. We investigate when a hydrological model is sufficiently calibrated to depict species abundance. For this, we postulate that performance is not sufficient when ecological assessments based on the simulated hydrology are significantly different (analysis of variance, p < .05) from the ecological assessments based on observations. The investigated range of hydrological model performance leads to considerable variability in species abundance in the two catchments. In the mountainous catchment, links between objective functions and the ecological assessment reveal a stronger dependency of the species on the discharge regime. In the lowland catchment, multiple stressors seem to mask the dependence of the species on discharge. The most suitable objective functions to calibrate the model for species assessments are the ones that incorporate hydrological indicators used for the species prediction.
Biomarkers in patients with heart failure and central sleep apnoea: findings from the SERVE‐HF trial
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Duarte Kévin , Woehrle Holger , Cowie Martin R. , Wegscheider Karl , Angermann Christiane , d'Ortho Marie‐Pia , Erdmann Erland , Levy Patrick , Simonds Anita K. , Somers Virend K. , Teschler Helmut , Rossignol Patrick , Koenig Wolfgang , Zannad Faiez 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsThe Treatment of Sleep‐Disordered Breathing with Predominant Central Sleep Apnoea by Adaptive Servo Ventilation in Patients with Heart Failure trial investigated the effects of adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV) (vs. control) on outcomes of 1325 patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and central sleep apnoea (CSA). The primary outcome (a composite of all‐cause death or unplanned HF hospitalization) did not differ between the two groups. However, all‐cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality were higher in the ASV group. Circulating biomarkers may help in better ascertain patients' risk, and this is the first study applying a large set of circulating biomarkers in patients with both HFrEF and CSA.Methods and resultsCirculating protein‐biomarkers (n = 276) ontologically involved in CV pathways, were studied in 749 (57% of the trial population) patients (biomarker substudy), to investigate their association with the study outcomes (primary outcome, CV death and all‐cause death). The mean age was 69 ± 10 years, and > 90% were male. The groups (ASV vs. control and biomarker substudy vs. no biomarker) were well balanced. The “best” clinical prognostic model included male sex, systolic blood pressure < 120 mmHg, diabetes, loop diuretic, cardiac device, 6‐min walking test distance, and N‐terminal pro BNP as the strongest prognosticators. On top of the “best” clinical prognostic model, the biomarkers that significantly improved both the discrimination (c‐index) and the net reclassification index (NRI) of the model were soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 for the primary outcome; neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 (Notch‐3) for CV‐death and all‐cause death; and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) for all‐cause death only.ConclusionsWe studied 276 circulating biomarkers in patients with HFrEF and central sleep apnoea; of these biomarkers, three added significant prognostic information on top of the best clinical model: soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (primary outcome), Notch‐3 (CV and all‐cause death), and GDF‐15 (all‐cause death).
Effects of spironolactone on serum markers of fibrosis in people at high risk of developing heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a proof‐of‐concept, randomised, precision‐medicine, prevention trial. The Heart OMics in AGing (HOMAGE) trial
Authors: Pellicori Pierpaolo , Ferreira João Pedro , Mariottoni Beatrice , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Ahmed Fozia Z. , Verdonschot Job , Collier Tim , Cuthbert Joe J. , Petutschnigg Johannes , Mujaj Blerim , Girerd Nicolas , González Arantxa , Clark Andrew L. , Cosmi Franco , Staessen Jan A. , Heymans Stephane , Latini Roberto , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez , Cleland John G.F. 
Published: January 2020

AimsAsymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at greater risk of developing heart failure (HF). Fibrosis, leading to myocardial and vascular dysfunction, might be an important pathway of progression. The Heart OMics in AGing (HOMAGE) trial aims to investigate the effects of spironolactone on serum markers of collagen metabolism and on cardiovascular structure and function in people at risk of developing HF and potential interactions with a marker of fibrogenic activity, galectin‐3.Methods and resultsThe HOMAGE trial is a prospective, randomised, open‐label, blinded endpoint (PROBE) study comparing spironolactone (up to 50 mg/day) and standard care over 9 months in people with clinical risk factors for developing HF, including hypertension, CAD and T2DM, and elevated plasma concentrations of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP, 125 to 1000 ng/L) or B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP, 35 to 280 ng/L). Exclusion criteria included left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%, atrial fibrillation, severe renal dysfunction, or treatment with loop diuretics. The primary endpoint was the interaction between change in serum concentrations of procollagen type III N‐terminal propeptide (PIIINP) and treatment with spironolactone according to median plasma concentrations of galectin‐3 at baseline. For the 527 participants enrolled, median (interquartile range) age was 73 (69–79) years, 135 (26%) were women, 412 (78%) had hypertension, 377 (72%) CAD, and 212 (40%) T2DM. At baseline, medians (interquartile ranges) were for left ventricular ejection fraction 63 (58–67) %, for left atrial volume index 31 (26‐37) mL/m2, for plasma NT‐proBNP 214 (137–356) ng/L, for serum PIIINP 3.9 (3.1–5.0) ng/mL, and for galectin‐3 16.1 (13.5–19.7) ng/mL.ConclusionsThe HOMAGE trial will provide insights on the effect of spironolactone on pathways that might drive progression to HF.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02556450.
Electroanalytical Method for Quantification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells as Charge Transport Barriers in Culture Media
Authors: Jaiswal Juhi , Dhayal Marshal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHere we report a strategy in which electroanalytical method was used to quantify human hepatic carcinoma cell (HepG2) density in culture media and their interaction with biomolecules. The cyclic voltammogram response of vitamin and amino acids redox mediators containing culture media had shown distinct oxidation peak at −0.63 V along with a low intensity peak at +0.67 V. Both oxidation and reduction peak current of culture media were gradually decreased with an increase in cell number indicating their role as charge transport barrier at electrode surface. The difference between cathodic and anodic peak potential was also decreased with the addition of cells. The oxidation peak disappeared in CV response, with the addition of optimum cell number in culture media, indicating the adsorption of redox mediators at cell surface. CV response of fetal bovine serum (FBS) containing cell suspension showed presence of reduction and oxidation peaks of culture media in CV. This indicates stronger possibility of binding of serum proteins with cells and release of redox mediators in culture media. The chemical interactions of cells with FBS was further confirmed by the FTIR and UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The viability, adhesion and proliferation responses of the cells were found to be normal. The reported electroanalytical method may be applied in the future for rapid quantification of cell density and confirmation of interactions among cells and biomolecules.
An innovative process for dispersion of graphene nanoparticles and nickel spheres in A356 alloy using pressure infiltration technique
Authors: Das Sourav , Kordijazi Amir , Akbarzadeh Omid , Rohatgi Pradeep K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a unique, innovative liquid metal infiltration process for the dispersion of graphene in the aluminum (Al) matrix in the presence of nickel spheres is introduced. The nickel spheres impart a reaction that induces wettability with molten Al, hence facilitating the infiltration of Al encapsulating graphene. Raman spectroscopy shows the two‐dimensional bands, thereby confirming the presence of graphene in the infiltrated composite. The microstructure of the infiltrated composite shows the dispersion of graphene, Al‐silicon eutectic, and a reaction product between nickel and Al around nickel spheres. The sample of composite tested in this study exhibits a high contact angle and hydrophobicity, possibly due to the dispersion of graphene particles on the surface of the samples. This presence of graphene on the surface causes a reduction of wetting by water and a decrease in corrosion rate which is demonstrated by polarization testing results.
Study on pressure‐controlled sliding sleeve of jet breaking for natural gas hydrate mining based on throttle pressure drop principle
Authors: Tang Yang , Yao Jiaxin , He Yin , Sun Peng , Jin Xin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn order to reduce operating cost of deep‐sea natural gas hydrate (NGH) solid‐state fluidization mining (SSFM), a device for controlling opening and closing of jet nozzles is required. It is required to meet the specifications of work process and is not affected by changes in water depth and well depth. Therefore, a design scheme of a pressure‐controlled sliding sleeve (PCSS) based on the principle of throttling pressure drop is proposed. The nozzles opening and closing process is controlled by flow rate control and is not affected by environmental pressure. Using computational fluid dynamics software, the corresponding control equations are solved by finite volume method and the pressure drop and axial force generated by different flow rates of drilling fluid flowing through different structural sliding cores are obtained. According to simulation analysis results and actual working conditions, a relatively good set of sliding core structural parameters is preferred. According to structural parameters of this group, the prototype of PCSS was machined and throttle pressure drop principle verification experiment and section pressure difference principle exclusion experiment were carried out to verify the feasibility of the design of PCSS. Through this research, it can help to promote the application of the throttling pressure drop principle in controllable oil drilling and completion tools.
Electrode and symmetric supercapacitor device performance of boron‐incorporated reduced graphene oxide synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation
Authors: Muthu R. Naresh , Tatiparti Sankara Sarma V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBoron‐incorporated reduced graphene oxide (B‐rGO) is synthesized via novel single‐step potentiostatic exfoliation at 3 V vs Ag/AgCl employing (NH4)2SO4 + B(OH)3 electrolyte for supercapacitor applications. Structural characterization is performed by XRD, Raman, XPS, VB, SEM, TEM, and BET analysis. Eventually, B‐rGO synthesis scheme is proposed. The electron‐deficient B causes p‐doping in B‐rGO forming BCO2, BC2O, and BC3 (XPS), redshift of 2D band (Raman) and blue shifts in C 2p‐π peaks and Ef in VB. B‐rGO exhibits specific capacitances (Csp) of 446 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 284 F g−1 at 20 A g−1 in 6 M KOH. Upon 2000 charge/discharge cycles at 5 A g−1, 95.6% capacitance is retained. B‐rGO gives energy and power densities of 25.2 W h kg−1 and 8064 W kg−1 at 20 A g−1. The remarkably high energy density of B‐rGO is attributed to p‐doping effect. B‐rGO exhibits superior performance, compared with rGO synthesized from (NH4)2SO4. A symmetric B‐rGO supercapacitor device is fabricated and exhibits Csp of 120 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. At 20 A g−1 the energy and power densities are 6.45 W h kg−1 and 8000 W kg−1, respectively. The device retains 89.8% capacitance upon 2000 charge/discharge cycles.