bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O1B.2 Parental occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of leukaemia in the offspring
Authors: Talibov Madar 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundLeukaemia is the most common cancer diagnosed in children worldwide, accounting for about one third of all paediatric malignancies in economically developed countries. Despite extensive research, the aetiology of this cancer remains largely unknown. Previous studies suggested that parental occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) may increase leukaemia risk in the offspring.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the association of parental occupational exposure to ELF-MF with the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in their offspring.MethodsWe pooled data from 11 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC). The studies included 9723 childhood leukaemia cases and 17 099 controls. Data on parental job history and other characteristics of the study population were collected by questionnaires and interviews, except for the Finnish study where data was obtained from population registries and censuses. Parental occupational ELF-MF exposure was estimated by linking job histories to an independently developed international ELF-MF job-exposure matrix. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We employed two analytical approaches to obtain summary risk estimates. First, we conducted pooled analyses of all studies combined. Second, we summarized ORs from individual studies in meta-analyses.ResultsThe summary OR estimates from pooled analyses for paternal ELF-MF exposure at conception were 1.04 (95% CI 0.95–1.13) for ALL and 1.06 (95% CI 0.87–1.29) for AML, at >0.2 microtesla (µT) compared to ≤0.2 µT. Corresponding estimates for maternal ELF-MF exposure during pregnancy, using again the 0.2 µT cut-off, were 1.00 (95% CI 0.89–1.12) for ALL and 0.85 (95% CI 0.61–1.16) for AML. No trends with increasing exposure level were evident. Furthermore, no associations were observed in the meta-analyses.ConclusionOur study did not find any associations between parental occupational ELF-MF exposure and childhood leukaemia.
O5D.4 Exposure profiles of workers in indium-tin oxide powder manufacturing, target manufacturing and recycling factories in taiwan
Authors: Hsu Yuan-Ting , Su Ting-Yao , Liao Hui-Yi , Kuo Yu-Chieh , Liou Saou-Hsing 
Published: May 2020

We aimed to investigate indium exposure profiles and the relationship between ambient exposure and internal dose of indium among workers with different job characteristics in order to improve the work environment and protect workers from overexposure.We recruited 329 workers from indium-tin oxide (ITO) powder and target manufacturing and recycling factories. The workers were categorized into six groups, as powder, ITO target, bonding, processing, recycling process and administration department as reference group. Field and personal air sampling were performed to monitor indium concentrations of work environments and breathing zones of workers. Cumulative exposure were evaluated by respirable dust concentrations in personal sampling, exposure duration and work duration. Plasma indium (P-In), urine indium (U-In) and U-In adjusted for creatinine (U-In/creatinine) were used as internal dose.One-fourth of air indium concentrations of ITO manufacturing and recycling factories were exceeded permissible exposure limit (PEL) in Taiwan. Thirty-six percent of workers in this study exposed to unacceptable airborne concentration of indium. Over one-fifth of workers had P-In higher than Japanese biological exposure index (BEI) of 3 µg/L. After adjusting for potential confounders, significant positive were found between indium cumulative exposure and P-In (β=0.56, p<0.001), U-In (β=0.38, p<0.001), and U-In/creatinine (β=0.34, p<0.001) in bonding process. A significant positive were found between indium cumulative exposure and P-In (β=0.53, p=0.003), U-In (β=0.39, p=0.047) and U-In/creatinine (β=0.34, p=0.01) in processing process.We suggest that U-In was an useful biomarker to assess indium exposure of indium manufacturing workers. The distribution and elimination of indium differed by its chemical form, which lead to characterization of the chemical form of indium is important for biomonitoring. Notably, although workers were exposed to indium below PEL, P-In still exceeded Japanese BEI. An appropriate exposure index need to be specified.
O5E.2 A hospital occupational diseases unit: an experience to increase the recognition of occupational disease
Authors: Benavides FG , Ramada JM , Ubalde-Lopez M , Delclos GL , Serra C 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundUnder-reporting and recognition of occupational diseases is a problem in countries with workers’ compensation schemes.AimsTo describe the role of a public hospital Occupational Disease Unit (ODU) in Barcelona that resulted in improved reporting and official recognition of occupational diseases from 2010 to 2017.MethodsHospital physicians referred possible cases of work-related disease to the ODU, where in-depth medical evaluations were then performed, and a detailed report addressing causation was generated. Patients with confirmed cases of occupational disease were counselled and followed while pursuing official recognition and benefits claims by the Spanish Social Security System.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2017, 149 cases were referred to the ODU for evaluation. Of these, 80 (53.7%) were confirmed to have an occupational disease, 54 (67.5%) patients pursued official recognition, and to date 26 (48.1%) were accepted by the Social Security System. The predictive positive value varied by diagnosis group (p=0.003), and was highest for skin diseases (71.4%) and cancer (66.7%), and lowest for hearing loss (29.4%) and musculoskeletal disorders (16.7%).ConclusionsA hospital ODU can improve reporting and official recognition of occupational diseases, that otherwise might not have been recognized. Expanding this experience to other Spanish and European hospitals could improve the efficiency of workers’ compensation schemes and better support preventive policies.
O6A.4 Risk of postmenopausal breast cancer and occupational exposure to chemicals in swedish women
Authors: Gustavsson Per , Videnros Cecilia , Wiebert Pernilla , Plato Nils , Borgquist Signe , Manjer Jonas , Albin Maria , Selander Jenny 
Published: May 2020

Earlier studies have led to a hypothesis of an increased risk of breast cancer after exposure to organic solvents. This study aimed to investigate if exposure to various chemicals in the workplace was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.The study comprised 14 119 women born 1923–1950 and living in Malmö city, Sweden, who were enrolled for a prospective population cohort study between 1991 and 1996. Oc cupational exposure to various chemicals was assessed from a job-exposure matrix. Individual data on other breast cancer risk factors (age, parity, age at first pregnancy, breastfeeding, hormonal replacement therapy, physical activity, alcohol consumption, height and BMI) were collected at baseline and used for confounding control. Diagnoses of invasive breast cancer were obtained from the Swedish Cancer Registry until end of follow-up at 2013–12–31.Women exposed to any type of chemical (organic solvents, pesticides, fumes or oil mist) for more than 10 years (66 cases) showed an increased adjusted breast cancer risk, HR=1.43, (95% CI 1.10–1.85), and the risk correlated positively with duration of exposure. Investigation of risk in association with organic solvents showed a small and non-significantly elevated risk after >10 years of exposure, HR=1.18 (95% CI 0.81–1.71). The risk tended to be higher, but not significantly elevated, after >10 year of exposure than after 1–10 years of exposure for most of the studied chemicals. More than 10 years of exposure to diesel exhaust was associated with an increased risk (adjusted HR=1.69, 95% CI 1.01–2.82).Occupational exposure to chemicals in general was associated with an elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, but the study gives no firm support for the hypothesis of an association with exposure to organic solvents. An elevated risk after >10 years of exposure to diesel exhaust was an unexpected finding that needs to be investigated further.
O1B.3 Hyperactivity disorder in children was related to maternal employment status during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shih Ping , Huang Ching-Chun , Chiang Tung-liang , Chen Pau-Chung , Guo Yue-Liang Leon 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders globally. Although some investigations implied a relationship between ADHD and maternal psychosocial stress exposure during pregnancy, little is known about the effects of maternal occupational exposure and even postpartum mental health. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal employment status during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms are related to offspring hyperactivity, one of the key early symptoms of children ADHD.MethodsTaiwan Birth Cohort Study recruited representative mother-infant pairs, as a result of approximately 12% of all deliveries in 2005 using multistage stratified sampling. Employment status with or without job stress during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms were inquired when the child was six months of age by face-to-face interview. Ever having hyperactivity syndrome as evaluated by physicians, psychologists, or special educators was inquired when the child was eight years of age. Factors of hyperactivity, including maternal employment, job stress, and postpartum depression were studied by adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using logistic regression, adjusting for gender, urban/rural residence, birth season and household income.Results18 215 mother-infant pairs were included in the final analysis, where 421 (2.3%) of children had been diagnosed as having hyperactivity before 8 years of age. Comparing to mothers employed and without job stress during pregnancy, the aOR (95% CI) of child hyperactivity was 1.47 (95%CI: 1.12, 1.94) for mothers with job stress and 1.43 (95%CI: 1.12, 1.84) for mothers with no employment during pregnancy, respectively. Besides, children were 1.36 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.73) times more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis if their mother experienced postpartum depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn this prospective birth cohort study, mothers’ employment status, job stress during pregnancy, and postpartum depressive symptoms were risk factors for the occurrence of hyperactivity in their children.
O6A.6 Mortality experience of in women in south african mining: 2013 – 2015
Authors: Wilson Kerry , Kootbodien Tahira , Naicker Nisha 
Published: May 2020

Mining is a high-risk industry with both continued accidents and occupational disease, despite controls introduced in the industry. In this study, we looked at the sex differences in mortality between male and female miners in South Africa.MethodsThe use of vital registration data for monitoring mortality in miners has largely been unexplored in South Africa. Statistics South Africa provides data from 2013 to 2015 which was used in students-t-tests along with proportion tests to investigate differences between death in all women and women miners along with differences in deaths in male miners and women miners. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate mortality odds ratios (MORs) for the underlying cause of death in these groups, with adjustments for age, education level, province of death and smoking status.ResultsOf the 8769 deaths recorded with occupation miner ion the years 2013–2015, only 5.7% were in females. Significant differences between all women and women miners were found in age at death (58.8 vs 47.8), no 1 cause of death (ill-defined vs TB) and education (43.6% vs 63.6%). MORs were significantly increased in women miners for TB, HIV and external causes of death compared to all women while being protected from lifestyle and chronic diseases. Women miners compared to male miners had increased odds of HIV death and lifestyle diseases but a similar risk of external causes of death.DiscussionWomen miners appear to die at significantly younger ages than both male miners and other women despite a higher level of education. This may be due to the increased mortality due to HIV and external causes of death. Thus increased controls are required on mines to protect the health of women miners.
O6B.1 Use of arsenical pesticides and risk of lung cancer among french farmers
Authors: Boulanger Mathilde , Tual Severine , Pons Romain , Busson Amandine , Delafosse Patricia , Guizard Anne Valerie , Marcotullio Elisabeth , Piel Clement , Pouchieu Camille , Renier Marine , Baldi Isabelle , Lebailly Pierre ,   AGRICAN group
Published: May 2020

ContextExposure to inorganic arsenicals, including occupational use of pesticides, is carcinogenic to the lung (IARC group 1). However epidemiological data are scarce for agricultural exposures. This work assesses lung cancer (LC) risk, including duration-effect relationships, associated to arsenicals use in farming, by gender and histology.MethodsWe linked data from two French projects: (1) the Agriculture and Cancer (AGRICAN) cohort, a large prospective cohort of farmers and people affiliated to the French agricultural insurance scheme and (2) the Pesticide Matrix (PESTIMAT), a crop-exposure matrix. Incident lung cancer cases were collected and their histological subtype ascertained from cancer registries, from enrolment (2005–2007) to December 31 st 2013. The enrolment questionnaire included items on smoking history, and the involvement in 18 different breedings/crops and specific tasks, including pesticide application, with years of beginning and end. We performed Cox models, with age as timescale, adjusted on gender, smoking, and two activities found to be protective in previous analyses – cattle breeding and corn growing. The reference group included farmers having never applied any pesticide on any crop. We assessed risks for each inorganic compound (lead, sodium, aluminum, copper and calcium arsenate) and for overall exposure.ResultsNearly 10% (n=14 359 people) of the population was potentially exposed to arsenicals, in vineyard growing before 2001, or in fruit-tree or potato growing before 1973. We observed 98 incident LC among exposed people. Only women exhibited a higher risk of LC (HR 3.14 95% CI(1.42–6.96) for exposure to any compound, n=7 exposed cases, all adenocarcinomas), but with no duration-effect relationship. Risks were significantly elevated for lead, copper and sodium arsenate.ConclusionWe found an increased risk of LC, especially adenocarcinomas, among women. At this stage, exposure assessment was broad: the use of an exposure index, based on probability, frequency and intensity of use, will help refine the analyses.
O6B.2 Cancer risk by ore type in a mixed miners cohort
Authors: Demers Paul A , Berriault Colin , Ramkissoon Avinash , Do Minh T , Lightfoot Nancy , Zeng Xiaoke , Arrandale Victoria 
Published: May 2020

Background and objectivesMining may involve exposure to many carcinogens, including respirable crystalline silica (RSC), diesel engine exhaust (DEE), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), radon (Rn), and arsenic (As), which vary by ore being mined. The province of Ontario, Canada has a diverse mining sector with associated exposures including gold (RSC/DEE/As/Cr), uranium (RSC/DEE/Rn), and nickel-copper (DEE/Ni), and other ores (RSC/DEE). The study aim was to examine the risk of cancer by ore type in a mixed mining cohort.MethodsFrom 1928–1987 workers in the Ontario minerals industry were required to undergo an annual physical examination and chest x-ray, as well as record their mining work history in order to receive certification. Data from these exams was used to create the Mining Master File (MMF) cohort. Cancers were identified through linkage of the MMF with the Ontario Cancer Registry (1964–2017). Cancer risk among miners was compared to provincial rates using Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIR); internal analyses were conducted using Poisson regression.ResultsIndividuals who died or were lost before 1964, had missing or invalid data, or employment of less than two weeks were excluded. Too few women (n=161) were available for analysis. In total, 61 397 men were included in the analysis. Gold miners had excesses of lung (SIR=1.30, 95%CI=1.23–1.38) and nasopharyngeal cancer (SIR=2.34, 95%CI=1.39–3.70). Uranium miners had excesses of lung (SIR=1.57, 95%CI=1.45–1.70), bladder (SIR=1.20, 95%CI=1.02–1.40), and bone (SIR=2.45, 95%CI=1.30–4.19) cancers. Nickel-copper miners had excesses of lung (SIR=1.13, 95%CI=1.08–1.19), bone (SIR=2.02, 95%CI=1.32–2.96), and sinonasal cancer (SIR=1.73, 95%CI=1.12–2.56).ConclusionsIncreased risks for specific cancers were observed among people who mined many different ore types. Most of the associations were as expected, but several (e.g., bone cancers) will undergo further investigation. Future analyses will examine the impact of combined exposures among miners of multiple ore types.
O6B.3 Risk of leukemia after chronic exposure to gamma radiation among ontario uranium miners?
Authors: Do Minh , Ramkissoon Avinash , Berriault Colin , Villeneuve Paul , Demers Paul 
Published: May 2020

Background and objectivesIncreases in leukemia risk after exposure to gamma radiation have been well-demonstrated among nuclear energy workers and atomic bomb survivors. Although uranium miners are also exposed to gamma radiation, its health effects are not well characterized, and assumed to be insignificant relative to the effects of radon decay products. The objective of this study is to quantify the effects of whole-body gamma radiation exposure on the incident risk of leukemia among Ontario Uranium Miners.MethodsBased on a retrospective cohort of 28 546 uranium miners, leukemia cases were identified through record linkages with the Canadian Cancer Registry and Canadian Mortality Database. Gamma doses were estimated through dose prediction models and badge dosimeter readings collated by the National Dose Registry, blinded from case status. Person-years at risk of leukemia were stratified by exposure category, calendar period of employment, and attained age at risk. Poisson regression was used to model the risk (RR) of incident leukemia at increasing levels of cumulative gamma radiation exposure, adjusting for calendar period and attained age.ResultsBetween 1969 and 2005, 116 incident cases of leukemia were identified. On average, these miners were employed for 4.4 years with a mean cumulative dose of 5.25 millisieverts (mSv). With exposure lagged by 2 years, preliminary analyses showed that when compared to the referent group (0 mSv), those with >30 mSv of cumulative gamma dose had a non-statistically significant increase in the risk of leukemia diagnosis (RR=2.04, 95% CI: 0.93, 4.51) with increasing, linear trend (p=0.08).ConclusionsAlthough our results did not show a statistically significant relationship between gamma radiation and leukemia incidence, it is likely due to low statistically power. Future work may include pooling the Ontario Uranium Miners cohort with other similar cohorts to better quantify the potential associated risks.
O6B.4 Laryngeal cancer risks in workers exposed to lung carcinogens: exposure-effect analyses using a quantitative job exposure matrix
Authors: Hall Amy , Kromhout Hans , Schüz Joachim , Portengen Lützen , Peters Susan , Vermeulen Roel , Boffetta Paolo , Brennan Paul , Luce Danièle , Stücker Isabelle , Ramroth Heribert , Yuan-Chin Amy Lee , Hashibe Mia , Straif Kurt , Olsson Ann 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundVarious occupational agents are suspected risk factors for laryngeal cancer. However, individual studies are often inadequate to investigate how such exposures relate to this relatively rare outcome. Important limitations include small sample sizes, lack of detail on exposure, and inadequate adjustment for confounders.MethodsThis study applied quantitative estimates via SYN-JEM for four established occupational lung carcinogens to case-control data from five (Western European and Latin American) studies within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Participant job histories for n=2256 laryngeal cancer cases and n=7857 controls recruited from 1989–2007 were linked with quantitative SYN-JEM estimates via ISCO-68 codes. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the effects of occupational exposure to asbestos, respirable crystalline silica (RCS), chromium-VI, and nickel on laryngeal cancer risk while controlling for tobacco and alcohol consumption.ResultsIncreased ORs were observed for all agents evaluated. In males, a positive exposure-effect relationship was observed with duration of RCS exposure (p-value for trend <0.01). Relatively strong effects were also observed in the highest categories of career-cumulative chromium-VI exposure (>90%ile: OR=2.21, 95% CI=1.13–4.33) and career-average exposure (>90%ile: OR=2.96, 95% CI=1.51–5.79), and in the highest category of career-cumulative nickel/chromium-VI combined exposure (>90%ile: OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.01–2.26). These relationships weakened in analyses restricted to blue collar workers but interpretations remained unchanged.ConclusionsThese results support causal links between exposure to known lung carcinogens and laryngeal cancer. Measures to reduce such exposures in workplaces could decrease the risk of both laryngeal and lung cancers.
O6D.2 Evidence of dna methylation changes by carbon nanotubes in a translational study design
Authors: Ghosh Manosij , Öner Deniz , Godderis Lode , Hoet Peter 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionWhile studies have addressed genotoxic effects of CNT, only limited information are available on epigenetic effects. We designed a study to investigate DNA methylation alterationsin vitro,in vivoand in occupationally exposed workers.Material and methodsIn vitrostudies were performed in 16-HBE and THP-1 cells. For thein vivostudy, BALB/c mice were administered intratracheally with single-wall CNT (SWCNTs) and multi-wall (MWCNTs) at high (2.5 mg/kg) and low (0.25 mg/kg) doses. For the cross sectional study, 24 workers exposed to aggregates of MWCNT of 500 nm–100 µm with concentrations of 4.6–42.6 µg/m3 and 43 unexposed referents were recruited. Global DNA methylation and demethylation patterns were analysed by LC-MS/MS. Methylation of specific genes was measured by Pyromark 24® (Qiagen). Genome-wide assessment of DNA methylation was performed with Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Array.ResultsIn general, we did not find global DNA methylation alteration for both CNTs. In 16-HBE cells, differentially methylated and expressed genes (MWCNTs>SWCNTs) from p53 signalling, DNA damage repair and cell cycle pathways were observed. In THP-1 cells, CNTs induced promoter-specific methylation of genes involved in several signaling cascade, vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet activation pathways. In lungs of BALB/c mice CNTs affected methylation of ATM gene. Finally, analysis of gene-specific DNA methylation in exposed workers revealed significant changes for DNMT1, ATM, SKI, and HDAC4 promoter CpGs.ConclusionsEpigenetic changes seem to occur at sub cyto-genotoxic concentrationsin vitro. Alteration in DNA methylation pattern could be a natural reaction of cells but could also silence critical genes and reprogram cellular functions.