bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R Textile Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Using Eggshell Waste Biosorbent
Authors: Rápó Eszter , Aradi László Előd , Szabó Ábel , Posta Katalin , Szép Robert , Tonk Szende 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBased on the well-known excellent adsorbent ability of chicken eggshells, the adsorptive capacity and mechanism of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R (RBV-5R) dye by eggshell was investigated. Exploiting the high surface-area-to-volume ratio and porous structure of this natural adsorbent, the developed procedure showed to be useful for the efficient adsorption of RBV-5R dye from contaminated water. The protocol was thoroughly optimized by investigating the effect of the dye concentration, biomass-contaminated water ratio, particle size of the adsorbent, pH and temperature, as they are key factors in the efficiency of the dye removal process. The eggshell material was characterized by different types of microscopy techniques (stereo, polarization, SEM) as well as elemental analysis (element distribution mapping, EDX), Raman spectroscopy and BET-surface density measurements. EDX, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy proved the presence of the adsorbed dye on the surface of the biomaterial. It was shown that under optimal conditions, the environmentally friendly and inexpensive eggshell could be a reliable adsorbent for Remazol dye removal from wastewater.
Association between pachychoroid and long-term treatment outcomes of photodynamic therapy with intravitreal ranibizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
Authors: Azuma Keiko , Okubo Atsushi , Nomura Yoko , Zhou Hanpeng , Terao Ryo , Hashimoto Yohei , Asano Kimiko Shimizu , Azuma Kunihiro , Inoue Tatsuya , Obata Ryo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe investigated long-term treatment responses in patients with treatment-naïve polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) undergoing photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR). The medical charts of 14 patients with treatment-naïve PCV who underwent PDT with IVR were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were followed up and treated with additional IVR for ≥3 years. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT), greatest linear dimension (GLD) on angiography, polyp regression and central choroidal thickness (CCT) were assessed. Associations between these functional or anatomic outcomes with age, baseline CCT, baseline GLD or choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) were investigated using univariate and multivariate analysis. Mean logMAR BCVA improved significantly at 3 years (0.34 ± 0.24 to 0.12 ± 0.29, p = 0.003). Greater BCVA improvement and longer time to first recurrence was significantly associated with CVH. Fewer number of IVR retreatment within 3 years was associated with thicker baseline CCT. Mean CCT significantly decreased at 3 years (217 ± 33 µm to 197 ± 48 µm, p = 0.003). Greater decrease of CCT was significantly associated both with greater number of IVR retreatment within 3 years and absence of CVH. These results showed that pachychoroid characteristics at baseline was associated long-term functional and anatomic outcomes in patients with treatment-naïve PCV who had undergone combination PDT and IVR.
Pivotal role of CD103 in the development of psoriasiform dermatitis
Authors: Fukui Takehito , Fukaya Tomohiro , Uto Tomofumi , Takagi Hideaki , Nasu Junta , Miyanaga Noriaki , Nishikawa Yotaro , Koseki Haruhiko , Choijookhuu Narantsog , Hishikawa Yoshitaka , Yamashita Yoshihiro , Sato Katsuaki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe integrin αE known as CD103 binds integrin β7 to form the complete heterodimeric integrin molecule αEβ7. CD103 is mainly expressed by lymphocytes within epithelial tissues of intestine, lung, and skin as well as subsets of mucosal and dermal conventional dendritic cells (cDCs). CD103 has been originally implicated in the attachment of lymphocytes to epithelium in the gut and skin through the interaction with E-cadherin expressed on intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells (LCs). However, an impact of CD103 on the cutaneous immune responses and the development of inflammatory skin diseases remains elusive. Here, we report that CD103 regulates the development of psoriasiform dermatitis through the control of the function of cDCs. Deficiency in CD103 exacerbates psoriasiform dermatitis, accompanied by excessive epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes. Furthermore, deficiency in CD103 not only accelerates the production of proinflammatory cytokines in psoriatic lesions but also promotes the generation of lymphocytes producing interleukin (IL)-17 in the skin-draining peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs). Under the deficiency in CD103, cDCs localized in PLNs enhance cytokine production following activation. Thus, our findings reveal a pivotal role for CD103 in the control of the function of cDCs to regulate cutaneous inflammation in psoriasiform dermatitis.
Dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms and its potential contribution to the pathogenesis
Authors: Oka Mieko , Shimo Satoshi , Ohno Nobuhiko , Imai Hirohiko , Abekura Yu , Koseki Hirokazu , Miyata Haruka , Shimizu Kampei , Kushamae Mika , Ono Isao , Nozaki Kazuhiko , Kawashima Akitsugu , Kawamata Takakazu , Aoki Tomohiro 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSmooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the major type of cells constituting arterial walls and play a role to maintain stiffness via producing extracellular matrix. Here, the loss and degenerative changes of SMCs become the major histopathological features of an intracranial aneurysm (IA), a major cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Considering the important role of SMCs and the loss of this type of cells in IA lesions, we in the present study subjected rats to IA models and examined how SMCs behave during disease progression. We found that, at the neck portion of IAs, SMCs accumulated underneath the internal elastic lamina according to disease progression and formed the intimal hyperplasia. As these SMCs were positive for a dedifferentiation marker, myosin heavy chain 10, and contained abundant mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, SMCs at the intimal hyperplasia were dedifferentiated and activated. Furthermore, dedifferentiated SMCs expressed some pro-inflammatory factors, suggesting the role in the formation of inflammatory microenvironment to promote the disease. Intriguingly, some SMCs at the intimal hyperplasia were positive for CD68 and contained lipid depositions, indicating similarity with atherosclerosis. We next examined a potential factor mediating dedifferentiation and recruitment of SMCs. Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB was expressed in endothelial cells at the neck portion of lesions where high wall shear stress (WSS) was loaded. PDGF-BB facilitated migration of SMCs across matrigel-coated pores in a transwell system, promoted dedifferentiation of SMCs and induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes in these cells in vitro. Because, in a stenosis model of rats, PDGF-BB expression was expressed in endothelial cells loaded in high WSS regions, and SMCs present nearby were dedifferentiated, hence a correlation existed between high WSS, PDGFB and dedifferentiation in vivo. In conclusion, dedifferentiated SMCs presumably by PDGF-BB produced from high WSS-loaded endothelial cells accumulate in the intimal hyperplasia to form inflammatory microenvironment leading to the progression of the disease.
Re-evaluation of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Portuguese elderly by qPCR increases carriage estimates and unveils an expanded pool of serotypes
Authors: Almeida Sónia T. , Pedro Tânia , Paulo A. Cristina , de Lencastre Hermínia , Sá-Leão Raquel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a leading cause of infections worldwide. Disease is preceded by asymptomatic colonization of the upper respiratory tract. Classical culture-based methods (CCBM) suggest that colonization in the elderly is <5%. Recently, use of qPCR has challenged these observations. We estimated pneumococcal carriage prevalence and serotypes among Portuguese elderly using qPCR and compared results with those obtained by CCBM. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal paired samples (599 each) of individuals over 60 years living in nursing (n = 299) or family (n = 300) homes were screened for the presence of pneumococci by qPCR targeting lytA and piaB. Positive samples were molecular serotyped. Use of qPCR improved detection of pneumococci in oropharyngeal samples compared to CCBM: from 0.7% to 10.4% (p < 0.001) in the nursing home collection, and from 0.3% to 5.0% (p < 0.001) in the family home collection. No significant differences were observed between both methods in nasopharyngeal samples (5.4% vs. 5.4% in the nursing homes; and 4.3% vs. 4.7% in the family homes). Twenty-one serotypes/serogroups were detected by qPCR compared to 14 by CCBM. In conclusion, use of qPCR suggests that pneumococcal carriage in Portuguese elderly is approximately 10%, and unveiled a large pool of serotypes. These results are important to understand progression to disease and impact of pneumococcal vaccines in the elderly.
The effect of bone inhibitors on periosteum-guided cartilage regeneration
Authors: Hsiao Hui-Yi , Cheng Chao-Min , Kao Shu-Wei , Liu Jia-Wei , Chang Chun-Shin , Harhaus Leila , Huang Jung-Ju 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe regeneration capacity of knee cartilage can be enhanced by applying periosteal grafts, but this effect varies depending on the different sources of the periosteal grafts applied for cartilage formation. Tibia periosteum can be used to enhance cartilage repair. However, long-term analysis has not been conducted. The endochondral ossification capacity of tibia periosteum during cartilage repair also needs to be investigated. In this study, both vascularized and non-vascularized tibia periosteum grafts were studied to understand the relationship between tissue perfusion of the periosteum graft and the effects on cartilage regeneration and bone formation. Furthermore, anti-ossification reagents were added to evaluate the efficacy of the prevention of bone formation along with cartilage regeneration. A critical-size cartilage defect (4 × 4 mm) was created and was covered with an autologous tibia vascularized periosteal flap or with a non-vascularized tibia periosteum patch on the knee in the rabbit model. A portion of the vascularized periosteum group was also treated with the anti-osteogenic reagents Fulvestrant and IL1β to inhibit unwanted bone formation. Our results indicated that the vascularized periosteum significantly enhanced cartilage regeneration in the cartilage defect region in long-term treatment compared to the non-vascularized group. Furthermore, the addition of anti-osteogenic reagents to the vascularized periosteum group suppressed bone formation but also reduced the cartilage regeneration rate. Our study using vascularized autologous tissue to repair cartilage defects of the knee may lead to the modification of current treatment in regard to osteoarthritis knee repair.
Biomolecular approaches to understanding metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation in plants
Authors: Corso Massimiliano , García de la Torre Vanesa S 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTrace metal elements are essential for plant growth but become toxic at high concentrations, while some non-essential elements, such as Cd and As, show toxicity even in traces. Thus, metal homeostasis is tightly regulated in plants. Plant species colonising metalliferous soils have evolved mechanisms to hypertolerate metals and, in rare cases, can hyperaccumulate them in excess amounts in their shoots. The molecular mechanisms of metal hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation are likely derived from alterations in the basic mechanisms involved in general metal homeostasis. Genes involved in metal transport, synthesis of metal chelators and oxidative stress responses are constitutively and highly expressed in metal hypertolerant and hyperaccumulator species. Plant specialized metabolites and cell wall components have been proposed as major players in these mechanisms. In addition, the high intra-specific natural variation of metal hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation suggests that various molecular mechanisms might be involved in the evolution of these traits. To date, the potential of wild plant populations as systems to study metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation has not been fully exploited. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled the study of non-model species, providing an opportunity to study natural populations and new tolerant and/or hyperaccumulating species, and will provide new insights into metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation. In this review we highlight background knowledge about metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation in plants and the current state-of-the-art techniques to study and identify the underlying mechanisms of metal hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation. We also outline for the reader the importance of the multidisciplinarity of this research field and how the integration of multiomic approaches will benefit facing the future scientific challenges.
Toxicological assessment of arsenic-containing phosphatidylcholines in HepG2 cells
Authors: Finke Hannah , Wandt Viktoria K , Ebert Franziska , Guttenberger Nikolaus , Glabonjat Ronald A , Stiboller Michael , Francesconi Kevin A , Raber Georg , Schwerdtle Tanja 
Published: May 2020

AbstractArsenolipids include a wide range of organic arsenic species that occur naturally in seafood and thereby contribute to human arsenic exposure. Recently arsenic-containing phosphatidylcholines (AsPCs) were identified in caviar, fish, and algae. In this first toxicological assessment of AsPCs, we investigated the stability of both the oxo- and thioxo-form of an AsPC under experimental conditions, and analyzed cell viability, indicators of genotoxicity and biotransformation in human liver cancer cells (HepG2). Precise toxicity data could not be obtained owing to the low solubility in the cell culture medium of the thioxo-form, and the ease of hydrolysis of the oxo-form, and to a lesser degree the thioxo-form. Hydrolysis resulted amongst others in the respective constituent arsenic-containing fatty acid (AsFA). Incubation of the cells with oxo-AsPC resulted in a toxicity similar to that determined for the hydrolysis product oxo-AsFA alone, and there were no indices for genotoxicity. Furthermore, the oxo-AsPC was readily taken up by the cells resulting in high cellular arsenic concentrations (50 μM incubation: 1112 ± 146 μM As cellular), whereas the thioxo-AsPC was substantially less bioavailable (50 μM incubation: 293 ± 115 μM As cellular). Speciation analysis revealed biotransformation of the AsPCs to a series of AsFAs in the culture medium, and, in the case of the oxo-AsPC, to as yet unidentified arsenic species in cell pellets. The results reveal the difficulty of toxicity studies of AsPCs in vitro, indicate that their toxicity might be largely governed by their arsenic fatty acid content and suggest a multifaceted human metabolism of food derived complex arsenolipids.
Perioperative Infusionstherapie bei Kindern
Authors: Sümpelmann Robert , Zander Rolf , Witt Lars 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der perioperativen Infusionstherapie ist die Aufrechterhaltung der normalen physiologischen Verhältnisse. Seit Jahrzehnten werden die Zusammensetzung (hypoton oder isoton) und die Art der Infusionslösungen (Kristalloid oder Kolloid) kontrovers diskutiert. Diese Übersichtsarbeit stellt geschichtliche und aktuelle Entwicklungen vor und leitet pragmatische Empfehlungen ab, die bei der täglichen Versorgung der Kinder im OP einfach und sicher umgesetzt werden können.
Qualitätsmanagement an der Klinik für Augenheilkunde des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg: Was nutzt das Erheben von Qualitätsparametern?
Authors: Schoelles Kristina Joana , Reinhard Thomas , Böhringer Daniel , Lang Stefan J. 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Für alle Krankenhäuser in Deutschland besteht eine gesetzliche Pflicht, ein einrichtungsinternes Qualitätsmanagement durchzuführen. Dies bedingt zusätzliche Kosten und eine Belastung für die Mitarbeiter durch QM-spezifische Sonderaufgaben. Die Vorteile können Werbung durch Zertifizierung, eine höhere Qualität und Sicherheit für die behandelten Patienten und dadurch eine höhere Patienten- und Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit sein. Ziel der Arbeit ist eine Gegenüberstellung von Aufwand und Nutzen eines QM-Systems in der Augenheilkunde.
Material und Methoden Es erfolgten Auswertungen der bereits in den Jahresberichten veröffentlichten operativen Qualitätsparameter, der verfügbaren Daten zum QM-Handbuch über das digitale QM-Portal sowie der Patientenrückmeldungen von 2004 bis 2018/2019.
Ergebnisse Im Jahr 2004 wurde in der Klinik für Augenheilkunde des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg ein Qualitätsmanagementsystem erstmals aufgebaut, von 2005 bis 2017 war das Universitätsklinikum Freiburg nach KTQ zertifiziert. Zur Analyse von Operationsqualität und Patientensicherheit wurden verschiedene operative Qualitätsparameter über die Jahre bei stets steigenden Operationszahlen erhoben. Über die Jahre beobachteten wir stabile bis sinkende Werte für die meisten der auf Komplikationen fokussierten Qualitätsparameter. Auffällig waren ein punktueller Anstieg der postoperativen Endophthalmitisrate mit 0,14% im Jahr 2015 sowie der sinkende Prozentsatz an Kataraktoperationen in Tropfanästhesie. Das QM-Handbuch wurde über die Jahre verschlankt. Die Aufrufanalyse zeigt, dass die Dokumente von den Mitarbeitern zunehmend genutzt werden. Die „Patientenechostatistik“ zeigt, dass es sich hierbei um ein von Patienten durchaus häufig genutztes Werkzeug zur Rückmeldung
ihres Aufenthalts und es sich vielfach um positive Rückmeldungen handelt.
Schlussfolgerung Qualitätsmanagement über viele Jahre zu betreiben, d. h. in unserem Fall Daten operativer Qualitätsparameter zu erheben, das QM-Handbuch zu pflegen und Patientenechos zu bearbeiten, bedeutet einen hohen Aufwand. Jedoch ermöglicht die Analyse dieser Parameter einen Einblick in den Istzustand der Klinik. Es lassen sich Rückschlüsse ziehen, an welcher Stelle Prozesse oder Behandlungen optimiert werden können, was die Mitarbeiter- und Patientenzufriedenheit erhöhen kann. Insgesamt wird die Transparenz gesteigert und schafft Vertrauen für zukünftige Behandlungen in der Klinik für Augenheilkunde des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg.
Magnesium Sulfate Combined with a Levobupivacaine Periarticular Cocktail for Analgesia in the Early Postoperative Period after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Zhao Zhenrui , Zhang Xiaozhou , Peng Hao , Li Wei , Liu Hengzhong , Wu Hang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of magnesium sulfate combined with a levobupivacaine periarticular cocktail in the early postoperative period after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A total of 60 patients who underwent primary unilateral TKA in our department from March 2018 to May 2019 were prospectively selected and randomly divided into the trial group (30 patients with 20 mL of magnesium sulfate 250 mg + levobupivacaine 50 mg + triamcinolone 25 mg + 0.9% normal saline) and the control group (30 patients with 20 mL of levobupivacaine 50 mg + triamcinolone 25 mg + 0.9% normal saline). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively during rest; VAS scores at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively during motion; the time required to reach 30 degrees straight leg elevation and 60 degrees active knee flexion; and the analgesia pump dosage at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively were recorded. Magnesium sulfate combined with levobupivacaine injection around the knee joint can significantly prolong the time of postoperative analgesia, significantly reduce the use of postoperative analgesics, and effectively alleviate early postoperative pain after TKA.
Knee Arthroplasty with Prior Ligamentous Knee Surgery: A Matched Case–Control Study
Authors: Patel Nirav K. , Hadley Christopher J. , Leite Samantha , Brahmabhatt Shyam , Mazur Donald , Parvizi Javad , Ciccotti Michael G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the timing, operative details, and outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with prior ligamentous knee surgery (LKS). All consecutive patients undergoing TKA with prior LKS at a single institution were identified from a large prospectively collected database. Patients were matched on a 2:1 basis according to age, sex, and body mass index to a group of patients without previous LKS undergoing primary TKA. A total of 39 patients with prior LKS and a mean age of 55.6 years (range: 42.8–76.4) were identified and matched with 78 patients without LKS with a mean age of 57.6 years (range: 44.0–79.4) undergoing primary TKA (p = 0.24). Significantly more posterior stabilized implants were used in patients with LKS compared with control patients (29 [74.3%] vs. 27 [34.6%], p < 0.001). In the LKS group, 15 patients (38.4%) required hardware removal. Postoperative complications and rate of further surgery were greater in the LCS group, but the difference was not significant (10.6 vs. 6.4%, p = 0.25). Mean difference in pre- to postoperative knee flexion and clinical outcome scores (12-item Short Form Survey, International Knee Documentation Committee, and Oxford Knee Score) were similar between the two groups, with no cases of loosening or osteolysis. TKA with prior LKS often warranted hardware removal and generally more constrained implants. Those patients with prior LKS undergoing subsequent TKA have higher complication rates and an increased rate of subsequent surgery related to post-TKA stiffness.
Five Centimeters Morton's Neuroma in a 46-Year-Old Woman Affected by Macrodactily
Authors: Di Caprio Francesco , Meringolo Renato , Navarra Maria Adiletta , Mosca Massimiliano , Ponziani Lorenzo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present article described the case of a voluminous Morton's neuroma of the third intermetatarsal space in a patient affected by macrodactily. The case was unique because of its dimensions, the uncommon surgical approach which was needed for removal, the association with macrodactily of the fourth toe with Raynaud's phenomenon, and the postoperative defect in the intrinsic muscles. The patient was operated in February 2016 by transverse plantar approach. Twelve months after surgery, the patient complained for hypoesthesia on third and fourth toes with inability to actively spread the toes and enlargement in the second interdigital space. The dimensions of the lesions may be explained with the presence of macrodactily in the fourth toe with occasional Raynaud's phenomenon, which may have caused an abnormal arrangement of the nerve branches for the fourth interspace with related microtrauma. A plantar approach was highly recommended as the size of the lesion forced it to the plantar surface of the foot. The inability to actively spread the toes and the enlargement of the second interdigital space are likely to be related to a deficiency of the interosseous muscles, innervated by the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve, which had probably been sacrificed because of the size of the lesion and the subversion of the surrounding anatomical relationships.
Defining the position of ‘community’ in the study of linguistic landscapes
Authors: Gaiser Leonie , Matras Yaron 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This special issue explores how multilingual (and semiotic) landscapes relate to constructions of community. With the present introduction we aim to embed theoretical notions of ‘community’ into the study of Linguistic Landscapes (henceforth LL). We first discuss how the notion of ‘community’ has been applied in previous LL research, and then introduce some relevant theoretical notions of ‘community’, which, in the final part, we seek to position in relation to an agenda for the study of LL.