bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indonesian learning relationship with the environment
Authors: Muslimah Dwi 
Published: November 2020

Languages Indonesia is ba hasa unifying the nation of Indonesia. Language Indonesia has links closely in learning language Indonesia with the environment . Because , the environment can determine a person's language . A person will have a good language if he is in an environment that is Indonesian capable . Then from the language Indonesia memil iki relation to the environment . Environment language Indonesia which both can s just started on learning language Indonesia which relate to the environment around . The environment is very important for the survival of living things on earth . It is due to the environment is the place to stay all the creatures living that exist on earth . Including humans , animals , plants that should we keep sustainability . If the environment does not exist then all beings living on the earth is not going to survive life . So also the case if the environment continues in broken .
Distance Technologies in Teaching Professional Foreign Languages for Medical Purposes
Authors: Guzhelya Dmitry , Kurilenko Victoria , Biryukova Yulia 
Published: November 2020

The article presents the analysis of distant technologies that are utilized by the world methodological society: a set of distance technologies (desktop videoconferencing, e-mail, voicemail, online chat, web-based resources, e-learning platforms), synchronous/asynchronous technologies, m-learning/e-learning technologies. These technologies were analysed from scientific positions concerning their typology, essential characteristics, and linguistic and methodological potential.
The authors of the article also provide distance technologies that can be used when teaching Russian language as foreign for medical purposes: synchronous technologies, professional websites, e-learning platforms, e-mails, mobile applications.
The verification of distant technologies’ usage is conducted experimentally. The obtained results show that distance learning is useful and should be used in teaching foreign languages for other levels and professional purposes.
Not only does the success of distance educational courses depend on the distance technologies that are provided by a teacher, but also we should rely on the consistent and integrated efforts of students, faculty, facilitators, support staff, and administrators.
Recurrent brainstem cavernous malformations following primary resection: blind spots, fine lines, and the right-angle method
Authors: Garcia Roxanna M. , Oh Taemin , Cole Tyler S. , Hendricks Benjamin K. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE
Proximity of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) to tracts and cranial nerve nuclei make it costly to transgress normal tissue in accessing the lesion or disrupting normal tissue adjacent to the lesion in the separation plane. This interplay between tissue sensitivity and extreme eloquence makes it difficult to avoid leaving a remnant on occasion. Recurrences require operative intervention, which may increase morbidity, lengthen recovery, and add to overall costs. An approximately 20-year experience with patients with recurrent BSCM lesions following primary microsurgical resection was reviewed.

METHODS
A prospectively maintained database of 802 patients who underwent microsurgical resection of cerebral cavernous malformations during 1997–2018 was queried to identify 213 patients with BSCMs. A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients with recurrent BSCM after primary resection who required a second surgery.

RESULTS
Fourteen of 213 patients (6.6%) underwent repeat resection for recurrent BSCM. Thirty-four hemorrhagic events were observed among these 14 patients over 576 patient-years (recurrent hemorrhage rate, 5.9% per year; median discrete hemorrhagic events, 2; median time to rehemorrhage, 897 days). BSCM occurred in the pons in 10 cases, midbrain in 2 cases, and medulla in 2 cases. A blind spot in the operative corridor was the most common cause of residual BSCM (9 patients). All recurrent BSCMs were removed completely, although 2 patients each required 2 operations to treat recurrence. Twelve patients had unchanged or improved modified Rankin Scale scores at last clinical evaluation compared with admission, and 2 patients had worse scores. Recurrence was more common among patients who were operated on in the first versus the second half of the series (8.5% vs 4.7%).

CONCLUSIONS
The 6.6% rate of BSCM recurrence requiring reoperation reflects the fine lines between complete resection and recurrence and between safe and harmful surgery. The detection of remnants is difficult postoperatively and remains so even at 6 months when the resection bed has healed. The 5.9% annual hemorrhage risk associated with recurrent BSCM in this experience is consistent with that reported for unoperated BSCMs. The right-angle method helps to anticipate blind spots and meticulously inspect the resection cavity for residual BSCM during surgery. A low percentage of recurrent BSCM (5%–10%) ensures ongoing effort toward an acceptable balance of safety and completeness.
Mild traumatic brain injury in children with ventricular shunts: a PREDICT study
Authors: Babl Franz E. , Lyttle Mark D. , Phillips Natalie , Kochar Amit , Dalton Sarah , Cheek John A. , Furyk Jeremy , Neutze Jocelyn , Bressan Silvia , Williams Amanda , Hearps Stephen J. C. , MBiostat  , Oakley Ed , Davis Gavin A. , Dalziel Stuart R. , Borland Meredith L. 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVECurrent clinical decision rules (CDRs) guiding the use of CT scanning in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessment generally exclude children with ventricular shunts (VSs). There is limited evidence as to the risk of abnormalities found on CT scans or clinically important TBI (ciTBI) in this population. The authors sought to determine the frequency of these outcomes and the presence of CDR predictor variables in children with VSs.METHODSThe authors undertook a planned secondary analysis on children with VSs included in a prospective external validation of 3 CDRs for TBI in children presenting to 10 emergency departments in Australia and New Zealand. They analyzed differences in presenting features, management and acute outcomes (TBI on CT and ciTBI) between groups with and without VSs, and assessed the presence of CDR predictors in children with a VS.RESULTSA total of 35 of 20,137 children (0.2%) with TBI had a VS; only 2 had a Glasgow Coma Scale score < 15. Overall, 49% of patients with a VS underwent CT scanning compared with 10% of those without a VS. One patient had a finding of TBI on CT scanning, with positive predictor variables on CDRs. This patient had a ciTBI. No patient required neurosurgery. For children with and without a VS, the frequency of ciTBI was 2.9% (95% CI 0.1%–14.9%) compared with 1.4% (95% CI 1.2%–1.6%) (difference 1.5% [95% CI −4.0% to 7.0%]), and TBI on CT 2.9% (95% CI 0.1%–14.9%) compared with 2.0% (95% CI 1.8%–2.2%) (difference 0.9%, 95% CI −4.6% to 6.4%).CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ data provide further support that the risk of TBI is similar for children with and without a VS.
Perbedaan Kadar Protein Urin Sebelum Dan Sesudah Latihan Fisik Pada Atlet di Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Farizal Jon , Muslim Zamharira , Syapera Nadia Wulan 
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang: Latihan fisik dengan intensitas berat mengakibatkan sel-sel otot rangka bekerja lebih giat, dan oksigen yang dibutuhkan sel semakin meningkat sehingga otot rangka mengalami vasodilatasi. Sedangkan di ginjal mengalami vasokontriksi, aliran darah berkurang sampai 20% sehingga dapat menyebabkan ekskresi protein > 1,5 mg/min. protein urin adalah pemeriksaan penunjang fungsi ginjal. Data menunjukkan bahwa 70-80% atlet mengalami proteinuria setelah olahraga intensitas berat, baik pada atlet olahraga kontak maupun non-kontak.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar protein urin sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik. Metode: Penelitian yang digunakan adalah pra eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest postest. Sampel terdiri dari 31 responden dengan metode total sampling. Dilakukan pengukuran kadar protein urin, diberi perlakuan latihan fisik dan diukur kembali kadar protein urinnya dengan metode pemeriksaan asam asetat 6%. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon.Hasil: terdapat peningkatan kadar protein urin dengan nilai rerata sebelum latihan fisik sebesar 0,03 dan nilai rerata sesudah latihan fisik 0,19, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kadar protein urin sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik dengan P=0,059. Kesimpulan: Tidak Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kadar protein urin sebelum dan sesudah latihan fisik.
Hiperurisemia dan Cystatin C
Authors: Meri Meri , Liswanti Yane 
Published: November 2020

Hiperurisemia merupakan keadaan kadar asam meningkat dalam darah. Kadarnya yang meningkat dapat menyebabkan penyakit, salah satunya yaitu adalah gangguan ginjal. Parameter cystatin C dipakai sebagai parameter yang lebih unggul dibanding kreatinin dalam menilai fungsi ginjal. Kondisi ginjal yang sedang hiperurisemia masih belum dapat dijelaskan secara lengkap, dengan demikian dilakukan pemeriksaan cystatin C untuk mengukur fungsi ginjal akibat hiperurisemia. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran cystatin C pada hiperurisemia. Metode penelitian yaitu deskriptif. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah laki-laki berusia 18-65 tahun (25 orang) sesuai kriteria yaitu hiperurisemia, berpuasa, tidak obesitas. Hasil penelitian : kadar asam urat (mean)= 8,928 mg/dL dan Cystatin C (mean) =1,08 mg/dL. Kadar asam urat tersebut berada diatas nilai normal (hiperurisemia) karena nilai normalnya adalah 3,4-7,0 mg/dL. Pada kadar tersebut diakukan pemeriksaan cystatin C yang memiliki kadar peningkatan diatas nilai normal. Kesimpulan: gambaran asam urat meningkat memiliki kadar cystatin C yang meningkat.
Hematocrite Values With High Measurement Of Eritrosit After Centrifugation On Serum Making
Authors: Jiwintarum Yunan , Srigede Lalu , Asyhaer Rifki Khalidi 
Published: November 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah nilai hematokrit darah dapat diukur dengan pengukuran tinggi endapan eritrosit setelah disentrifugasi pada pembuatan serum. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperiment dengan rancangan Posttest Only Control Group Design. Banyaknya perlakuan ada tiga, yaitu pembuatan serum dengan sentrifugasi kecepatan 3000 rpm selama 5 menit, 10 menit, dan 15 menit. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa nilai hematokrit dengan sentrifugasi pada pembuatan serum dibandingkan dengan nilai hematokrit dengan metode mikrohematokrit. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rerata nilai hematokrit dengan metode mikrohematokrit adalah 46%, sedangkan rerata nilai hematokrit dengan pengukuran tinggi endapan eritrosit pada pembuatan serum setelah disentrifugasi selama 5 menit, 10 menit, dan 15 menit adalah 58,5%, 57,6%, dan 48,1%. Uji statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan hasil pemeriksaan metode mikrohematokrit dan pemeriksaan dengan sentrifugasi 5 menit maupun 10 menit. Sedangkan antara metode mikrohematokrit dan pemeriksaan dengan sentrifugasi 15 menit tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan : Pengukuran tinggi endapan eritrosit setelah disentrifugasi selama 15 menit pada pembuatan serum dapat digunakan untuk pemeriksaan hematokrit.
Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kelayakan Donor Darah di STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan Tahun 2019
Authors: Situmorang Paska Ramawati , Sihotang Widya Yanti , Novitarum Lilis 
Published: November 2020

Donor darah adalah kegiatan menyalurkan darah atau produk berbasis darah dari satu orang ke sistem peredaran orang lainnya. Angka kematian akibat tidak tersedianya cadangan darah untuk transfusi pada negara berkembang relatif tinggi. Indonesia memiliki tingkat penyumbang sebanyak 6-10 orang per 1000 penduduk yang jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan beberapa negara kecil di Asia. Meskipun ada peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat untuk melakukan donor darah secara sukarela, tetapi banyak masyarakat yang gagal mendonorkan darahnya karena berbagai alasan kesehatan sehingga penting dilakukannya identifikasi masalah-masalah yang membuat calon pendonor darah gagal memberikan darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi status kelayakan donor darah dari dosen/mahasiswa STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan tahun 2019 dan dianalisis berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan dengan metode Naive Bayes Classifier. Data dievaluasi secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, karakteristik umum calon pendonor darah adalah mahasiswa/i, perempuan, kelompok usia 16-35 tahun, berat badan >50 kg dan status hemoglobin normal. Kami menemukan hanya ada 38.85% responden yang memiliki status “Boleh Donor” dengan karakteristik umum golongan darah 0 terbanyak, perempuan, usia 16-35 tahun, berat badan >50 kg dan semua responden memiliki kadar hemoglobin normal. Berdasarkan uji statistik yang dilakukan, terdapat hubungan erat antara berat badan dengan kondisi hemoglobin normal dan kondisi hemoglobin normal dengan status kelayakan donor, sedangkan jenis kelamin tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kondisi hemoglobin maupun status kelayakan donor darah.
EFEKTIFITAS TERAPI MENDEKAP DAN TERAPI MUSIK DALAM MENURUNKAN SKALA NYERI PADA BAYI SAAT DILAKUKAN IMUNISASI CAMPAK
Authors: Wahyuni Fitri , Suryani Ulfa 
Published: November 2020

Meningkatnya angka kejadian campak pada balita menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya kesadaran orangtua akan pentingnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas terapi mendekap dan terapi musik dalam menurunkan skala nyeri pada bayi saat dilakukan imunisasi campak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperiment dengan pendekatan pretest dan posttest without control grup desain. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik “purposive sampling” dengan total sampel 24 orang responden dan instrumen penelitian dengan menggunakan lembar observasi skala FLACC. Data dianalisa menggunakan komputerisasi dengan uji paired independent sampel t-test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% a<0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rata-rata penurunan skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah terapi mendekap adalah 4,2 sedangkan terapi musik adalah 2,7. Disimpulkan bahwa terapi mendekap lebih efektif dalam menurunkan skala nyeri pada bayi saat dilakukan imunisasi campak di Kelurahan Kubu Dalam Parak Karakah Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kota Padang tahun 2019 dengan p-value=0,017 (p<0,05). Disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan dapat mengaplikasikan dan mengetahui manfaat dan efek yang dirasakan dari terapi mendekap dan terapi musik sehingga orangtua tidak merasa takut dalam pemberian terapi.
The Relevance of deep ecological principles in Aquatic Crisis: A philosophical Analysis
Authors: Monday Osebor Ikechukwu 
Published: November 2020

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that analyzes right or wrong of an action. Ethics studies all aspect of human activities; which water pollution is one. Water pollution is the emission of waste or chemicals into water bodies at a quantity that is harmful to man and the aquatic organisms. The Effects of water pollution include mass extinction species, decrease in the biodiversity, and scarcity of fresh water. The question to ask is “how can water pollution be ameliorated if not totally eradicated?” Using the method of philosophical analysis, the paper suggests that the implementation of deep ecological principles by policy makers would be abatements and environmental consciousness for the common good of the society.
Efeito do gel a base de Moringa oleifera lam. como fitoterapia na cicatrização de feridas
Authors: Moura Walkyria Pereira Ferreira , Assunção Amanda Fonseca Costa , Silva Karolinny dos Santos , Silva Laryssa Roque da , Morais Arthur Antônio Cavalcante de , Ferreira Danniel Cabral Leão , Figueredo-Silva José , Marques Rosemarie Brandim , Maia Filho Antonio Luiz Martins 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de cicatrização da Moringa oleifera em ratos Wistar. Metodologia: Folhas da moringa foram coletadas, secas, trituradas, misturadas com solvente hexano e filtrada. Após remoção do solvente e da umidade, combinou concentrado resultante ao gel natrosol, alcançando concentrações de 5% e 10%. Dividiu-se 60 ratos machos em 4 grupos: controle negativo (sem tratamento), controle positivo (tratados com AGE), Moringa 5% (tratados com gel de Moringa a 5%) e Moringa 10% (tratados com gel de Moringa a 10%). Subdividiu-se em três grupos de 5 animais de acordo com período de avaliação (7, 14 e 21 dias). Realizou-se na região cervical uma incisão longitudinal (3,0 cm); na região dorsal foi demarcada e ressectada uma área de 2 cm² com um punch. Resultado: Na análise da resistência cicatricial, após 7 dias, os grupos moringa 5% e 10% mostraram uma regressão significante; após 14 e 21 dias, o grupo Moringa 10% apresentou significância estatística quando comparado aos demais grupos. Na análise microscópica, após 7 dias, fibras colágenas mais evidentes nos grupos Moringa 5% e 10%; após 14 e 21 dias, poucos vasos sanguíneos, reação inflamatória de baixa intensidade e deposição de colágeno mais organizada e intensa no grupo Moringa 10%. Conclusão: A moringa, especialmente na concentração de 10%, mostrou-se benéfica no processo reparativo de feridas cutâneas cirurgicamente induzidas em ratos.
Experimental Study on Heat Loss of a Single Screw Expander for an Organic Rankine Cycle System
Authors: Wang Wei , Shen Li-li , Chen Ru-meng , Wu Yu-ting , Ma Chong-fang 
Published: November 2020

For displacement expanders, the irreversible losses include leakage, friction, heat dissipation, and flow resistance. Currently, the research on the heat loss of expanders is scarce, especially with regards to experimental studies. In this paper, the experimental research on the heat loss of the single screw expander (SSE) for the Organic Rankine Cycle was carried out under different working conditions, in the summer and winter, respectively. In each set of experiments, there were five cases, and the temperatures of the working fluids at the inlet of the expander were 83, 93, 103, 113, and 123°C, respectively. The heat removed by the lubricating oil was also measured throughout the experimental period. The experimental results showed that the amount of heat loss was not comparable to the output power and enthalpy difference between the inlet and outlet of the SSE. The proportion of the heat dissipated by the casing was only 30% ranging from 0.11 to 0.28 kW. Comparing the experimental results in summer and winter, the heat loss in summer was lower than in winter, but the variation in output power showed an opposite trend. It was also shown that heat loss was not a main factor affecting the performance of SSEs.
A Systematic Review of Treatment Options and Clinical Outcomes in Pemphigoid Gestationis
Authors: Genovese Giovanni , Derlino Federica , Cerri Amilcare , Moltrasio Chiara , Muratori Simona , Berti Emilio , Marzano Angelo Valerio 
Published: November 2020

Background: Treatment regimens for pemphigoid gestationis (PG) are non-standardized, with most evidence derived from individual case reports or small series.Objectives: To systematically review current literature on treatments and clinical outcomes of PG and to establish recommendations on its therapeutic management.Methods: An a priori protocol was designed based on PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for English-language articles detailing PG treatments and clinical outcomes, published between 1970 and March 2020.Results: In total, 109 articles including 140 PG patients were analyzed. No randomized controlled trials or robust observational studies detailing PG treatment were found. Systemic corticosteroids ± topical corticosteroids and/or antihistamines were the most frequently prescribed treatment modality (n = 74/137; 54%). Complete remission was achieved by 114/136 (83.8%) patients. Sixty-four patients (45.7%) were given more than one treatment modality due to side effects or ineffectiveness. Leaving aside topical corticosteroids as monotherapy ± antihistamines in patients with mild disease, systemic corticosteroids ± topical corticosteroids and/or antihistamines led to complete remission in the highest proportion of patients (83%), while steroid-sparing treatments ± topical corticosteroids and/or antihistamines were associated with the lowest proportion of flares (55.5%).Limitations: The review has been drafted based on a limited number of single case reports and small case series. Underreporting/underdiagnosis of patients with mild-to-moderate PG, partial/absent follow-up, absence of precise description of neonatal outcomes and lack of validated objective scores for measuring disease severity are other limitations of our study. Our systematic review was affected by publication bias.Conclusion: Systemic corticosteroids are the most frequently used treatment for PG. Whilst most patients achieve complete remission, many of them have refractory/persistent disease requiring multiple lines of therapy. Therefore, we provided an algorithm for PG treatment integrating the results of this systematic review with current knowledge available for bullous pemphigoid. High-quality studies will further help assess the effectiveness of different treatment options for PG.
Renal Carcinoma Is Associated With Increased Risk of Coronavirus Infections
Authors: Tripathi Satyendra C. , Deshmukh Vishwajit , Creighton Chad J. , Patil Ashlesh 
Published: November 2020

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected most severely people with old age, or with comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Cancer patients are twice more likely to contract the disease because of the malignancy or treatment-related immunosuppression; hence identification of the vulnerable population among these patients is essential.Method: We took a bioinformatics approach to analyze the gene and protein expression data of these coronavirus receptors (DPP4, ANPEP, ENPEP, TMPRSS2) in human normal and cancer tissues of multiple organs including the brain, liver, kidney, heart, lung, skin, GI tract, pancreas, endocrine tissues, and the reproductive organs. RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GTeX databases were used for extensive profiling analysis of these receptors across 9,736 tumors and 8,587 normal tissues comparing coronavirus receptors. Protein expression from immunohistochemistry data was assessed from The Human Protein Atlas database including 144 samples, corresponding to 48 different normal human tissue types, and 432 tumor samples from 216 different cancer patients. The correlations between immune cell infiltration, chemokine, and cytokines were investigated via Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and TCGA.Result: We found that among all, renal tumor and normal tissues exhibited increased levels of ACE2, DPP4, ANPEP, and ENPEP. Our results revealed that TMPRSS2 may not be the co-receptor for coronavirus infection in renal carcinoma patients. The other receptors DPP4, ANPEP, and ENPEP may act as the compensatory receptor proteins to help ACE2. The receptors' expression levels were variable in different tumor stage, molecular, and immune subtypes of renal carcinoma. Intriguingly, in clear cell renal cell carcinomas, coronavirus receptors were associated with high immune infiltration, markers of immunosuppression, and T cell exhaustion.Conclusion: Our study indicates that CoV receptors may play an important role in modulating the immune infiltrate and hence cellular immunity in renal carcinoma. As our current knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms will improve, it may help us in designing focused therapeutic approaches.