bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plagioclase population dynamics and zoning in response to changes in temperature and pressure
Authors: Andrews Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractZoned plagioclase crystals are often interpreted as proxies for magmatic history because the mineral is present in most silicic magmas and has compositional sensitivity to magmatic conditions (pressure, temperature, and composition) with slow internal diffusion that preserves compositional zones. Changes in growth rates and crystal dissolution present challenges to quantitatively relating time to particular zoning patterns. The numerical model SNGPlag uses Rhyolite MELTS to determine the equilibrium phase assemblage and compositions for a user-defined magma composition experimentally determined instantaneous nucleation and growth rates, and reasonable dissolution rates to examine plagioclase crystallization and population dynamics through time. The model tracks the numbers, sizes, morphologies, and compositional zoning of plagioclase crystals through time in response to changes in pressure, temperature, and volume or mass inputs. Model results show that significant fractions of time are functionally missing from the crystal record because of effectively zero growth rates or erased from the record through dissolution; in some instances, those processes can together remove ≫50% of time from the crystal record. The results show that temperature- (or pressure-) cycling alone will not produce substantial compositional zoning but that the addition of new magma is required to grow complexly zoned phenocrysts. Comparison of the input pressure-temperature-time series with compositional transects shows that the crystal record is biased toward more recent intervals and periods of decreasing temperature (i.e., neither the peak temperatures nor intervals of prolonged, cool storage are favored). Crystallization (or dissolution during heating) acts to return magmas to near-equilibrium crystal fractions within hundreds of days.
Stable and transient isotopic trends in the crustal evolution of Zealandia Cordillera
Authors: Schwartz Joshua J. , Andico Solishia , Turnbull Rose E. , Klepeis Keith A. , Tulloch Andy J. , Kitajima Kouki , Valley John W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present &gt;500 zircon δ18O and Lu-Hf isotope analyses on previously dated zircons to explore the interplay between spatial and temporal magmatic signals in Zealandia Cordillera. Our data cover ~8500 km2 of middle and lower crust in the Median Batholith (Fiordland segment of Zealandia Cordillera) where Mesozoic arc magmatism along the paleo-Pacific margin of Gondwana was focused along an ~100 km wide, arc-parallel zone. Our data reveal three spatially distinct isotope domains that we term the eastern, central, and western isotope domains. These domains parallel the Mesozoic arc-axis, and their boundaries are defined by major crustal-scale faults that were reactivated as ductile shear zones during the Early Cretaceous. The western isotope domain has homogenous, mantle-like δ 18O (Zrn) values of 5.8 ± 0.3‰ (2 St.dev.) and initial εHf (Zrn) values of +4.2 ± 1.0 (2 St.dev.). The eastern isotope domain is defined by isotopically low and homogenous δ18O (Zrn) values of 3.9 ± 0.2‰ and initial εHf values of +7.8 ± 0.6. The central isotope domain is characterized by transitional isotope values that display a strong E-W gradient with δ18O (Zrn) values rising from 4.6 to 5.9‰ and initial εHf values decreasing from +5.5 to +3.7. We find that the isotope architecture of the Median Batholith was in place before the initiation of Mesozoic arc magmatism and pre-dates Early Cretaceous contractional deformation and transpression. Our data show that Mesozoic pluton chemistry was controlled in part by long-lived, spatially distinct isotope domains that extend from the crust through to the upper mantle. Isotope differences between these domains are the result of the crustal architecture (an underthrusted low-δ18O source terrane) and a transient event beginning at ca. 129 Ma that primarily involved a depleted-mantle component contaminated by recycled trench sediments (10–20%). When data showing the temporal and spatial patterns of magmatism are integrated, we observe a pattern of decreasing crustal recycling of the low-δ18O source over time, which ultimately culminated in a mantle-controlled flare-up. Our data demonstrate that spatial and temporal signals are intimately linked, and when evaluated together they provide important insights into the crustal architecture and the role of both stable and transient arc magmatic trends in Cordilleran batholiths.
Integrating LINCS Data to Evaluate Cancer Transcriptome Modifying Potential of Small-molecule Compounds for Drug Repositioning
Authors: Zhao Yachao , Liu Yang , Bai Hui 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Conventional high-throughput chemical screens in conjunction with genome-wide gene expression
profiling proves to be successful in novel anti-cancer agent discovery and provides comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of action and off-target effects of single small-molecule compound. However, systematic evaluation on heterogeneous
transcriptional responses of different cancer cell types to thousands of independent perturbations in a bioinformatics way is
still limited.

Method:
Here, we introduce cancer transcriptome modifying potential (CTMP) which uses “Connectivity Score” to quantify
and compare the effects of approved antineoplastic drugs on transcriptionally restoring dysregulated (both up- and down-)
gene expressions at cancer state towards normal state. As a proof-of-concept, we applied this CTMP computational evaluation on > 10,000 small-molecule compounds using >200,000 Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures
(LINCS) expression profiles generated upon 4 different cancer cell lines. We screened and proposed a candidate list of cancer transcriptome modifying therapeutics (CTMTs), among which the approved on-market drugs are further validated using
GDSC drug sensitivity data, highlighting their potential to facilitate direct antineoplastic repositioning.

Results:
In total, we calculated CTMPs of 85 on-market antineoplastic drugs and ~15,000 small-molecule compounds using
253,813 transcriptomes across four cancer cell lines of lung, melanoma, prostate, and colon. Our results reveal that regardless of chemical structure and targeted proteins majority of approved antineoplastic drugs present significant bilateral
CTMPs across all 4 cancer cell lines. Bilateral CTMP-based systematic screen further indicates that candidate CTMTs are
limited and most notably cancer-type specific. In particular, for each cancer cell type we proposed 3~5 CTMTs that are approved drugs with potent sensitivity data to support development in antineoplastic indications.

Conclusion:
Our work establishes CTMP to evaluate the antineoplastic property of small-molecule compounds and suggests
CTMP-based systematic screen of cancer type-specific CTMTs as a feasible strategy in drug repositioning for precise anticancer purposes.
Identification of Novel Prognostic Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Ding Yi , Li Min , Tayier Tuersong , Chen Long , Feng ShuMei 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common cancer
that is characterized by a complex pathogenesis. Only limited data are available on the primary
pathogenic genes and pathways in HNSCC.

Objective:
This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of HNSCC and explore its underlying
mechanisms.

Methods:
We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Gene Expression
Omnibus(GEO) database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Reactome pathway enrichment were analyzed
using the STRING database. The protein-protein interaction network of the DEGs was
reconstructed using Cytoscape software in STRING. The ONCOMINE and UNLCAN databases
were used to identify the expression of hub genes. In addition, we employed UNLCAN to correlate
tumor grade with key genes.

Results:
Finally, the effect of hub genes on overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-
Meier method. In total, 22 DEGs were identified. These were related to the mitotic cell cycle,
mitotic G1-G1, and S phases, G2/M transition, NOTCH signaling, and regulation of TP53 activity.
Seven hub genes were screened with Cytoscape. Increased expression of five hub genes (AURKA,
BIRC5, MKI67, UBE2C, and TOP2A) was related to a higher tumor grade and worse OS.

Conclusion:
We have identified five key genes that may help us understand the carcinogenic
mechanisms related to the cell cycle in HNSCC. These genes may be used as biomarkers for
survival and treatment of HNSCC.
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates CUMS-induced Depression-like Behavior: Involvement of the Glutamatergic System and Apoptosis in Rats
Authors: Guo Qin , Lin Xian-Ming , Di Zhong , Zhang Quan-Ai , Jiang Shuo 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Converging evidence indicates that the glutamatergic system and glia are
directly implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Clinical studies indicate that
electroacupuncture (EA) has anti-depressant-like effects with low side effects for depression.
However, the underlying antidepressant mechanism of acupuncture remains obscure.

Methods:
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive rats were used to induce
depressive-like behavior and evaluated by the weight change, open field test, sucrose preference
test, and novelty suppressed feeding test. EA, NMDA receptor subunit 2A antagonist (NR2A RA)
or NMDA receptor subunit 2B antagonist (NR2B RA) was used for comparison. Highperformance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed to detect the content of hippocampal
glutamate, while western blot was performed for the hippocampal protein expression levels of
calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), Bax, caspase 3 and B-cell lymphoma-2
(Bcl-2). The distribution of glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A (NR2A),
neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN), glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B (NR2B),
and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunofluorescence.

Results:
Significant depression behavior (reduced body weight and sucrose preference, increased
feeding and immobility time) was produced in CUMS-induced depressive rats, which was reversed
significantly by EA. EA decreased hippocampal glutamate level. EA led to a significant decrease
in expression levels of Bax, caspase 3, and CaMK II accompanied by increased Bcl-2 expression
levels. Furthermore, EA significantly increased NR2A expression level as well as decreased NR2B
expression level in the hippocampus.

Conclusion:
EA ameliorated depression-like behavior in CUMS rats, which might be mediated, at
least in part, by regulating the glutamate, NMDA receptors, and apoptosis in the hippocampus.
Librarians Across Institutions: Establishing Outreach Programs
Authors: Rodriguez Class José F 
Published: October 2020

The data used for this study was collected from Librarians Across Institutions: Establishing Outreach Programs, a study to gather data from academic outreach librarians across the United States to find what factors contribute to effective outreach programs. Conversely, the study also collects data on factors that hinder outreach programs. This study examines support for the most effective and least effective outreach programs carried out by outreach librarians in five support areas: support from other librarians, support from staff, support from faculty, support from students, and support from volunteers. The results collected from the survey contains data from 75 outreach librarians across the United States in 2020.The analysis was completed using dependent sample (t-tests) using Stata software V.16.1.
The target group was identified by the creation of a comprehensive list from LinkedIn profiles of academic librarians whose profiles contained outreach in their job title or had outreach experience listed on their profiles. The data shows there is a difference in support levels for library outreach programs of the most effective in contrast with the least effective programs. In the most effective programs’ category, (80%) of the respondents had librarian support and (60%) from the least effective programs had librarian support. The results also revealed that there were significant statistical differences in librarian, staff, and student support groups. In conclusion, results from the study suggest that outreach librarians are innovative and use communication and collaboration techniques to outsource support from librarians, staff, faculty, students, and volunteers to create effective outreach programs.
Effects of Virtual Reality and Non–Virtual Reality Exercises on the Exercise Capacity and Concentration of Users in a Ski Exergame: Comparative Study
Authors: Ko Junho , Jang Seong-Wook , Lee Hyo Taek , Yun Han-Kyung , Kim Yoon Sang 
Published: October 2020

Background
Recently, ski exergames have been gaining popularity due to the growing interest in health improvement. Conventional studies evaluating the effects of ski exergames only considered exercise capacity and overlooked concentration. Ski exergames consist of a motion platform for exercise and virtual reality (VR) content in the game. The VR content enhances the exercise capacity and concentration of the user by providing a challenging goal.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of VR and non-VR exercises on the exercise capacity and concentration of users in a ski exergame.

Methods
To examine the effects of the VR content in ski exergames, we performed 2 experiments, non-VR exercise and VR exercise, where participants exercised on the motion platform. If a user performs an exercise without using any VR content, it is a non-VR exercise. Contrastingly, in the case of VR exercise, a user exercises according to the VR content (a downhill scenario). In addition to the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle and rated perceived exertion (RPE) to assess exercise capacity, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to assess users’ concentration.

Results
We evaluated the effects of the VR content by comparing the results obtained from VR and non-VR exercises. The ROM of the ankle with VR exercise was wider than that with non-VR exercise. Specifically, ROM of the ankle was 115.71° (SD 17.71°) and 78.50° (SD 20.43°) in VR exercise and non-VR exercise, respectively. The RPE difference between the 2 exercises was not statistically significant. The result of the sensorimotor rhythm waves (which are concentration-related EEG signals) was more favorable for VR exercise than non-VR exercise. The ratios of sensorimotor rhythm wave in EEG were 3.08% and 2.70% in the VR exercise and non-VR exercise, respectively.

Conclusions
According to the results of this experiment, higher exercise capability and concentration were achieved with the VR exercise compared with non-VR exercise. The observations confirm that VR content can enhance both exercise capability and concentration of the user. Thus, the ski exergames can be used effectively by those who, in general, do not like exercise but enjoy games.
Pour l'enseignement d'une grammaire du sens
Authors: Charaudeau Patrick 
Published: October 2020

No artigo, apresenta-se a concepção de uma “gramática do sentido e da expressão” (“enunciativa”, “discursiva” e “reflexiva”), como proposta de aplicação da teoria linguística ao ensino de língua (materna ou estrangeira) nas escolas, orientada para o desenvolvimento da proficiência linguística dos alunos. Contrapõe-se a “gramática semântica”, orientada para o sentido, à “gramática morfológica”, orientada para a descrição das formas linguísticas, a fim de se mostrar a necessidade de se refletir, na escola, acerca da finalidade semântica dos recursos linguísticos e da relação entre as formas e aquilo que significam de acordo com seu emprego. Defende-se a análise das categorias linguísticas como mecanismos de expressão que permitem descrever, narrar e argumentar de acordo com a situação de comunicação.---Artigo em francês.
DA LITERATURA AO CINEMA: A ESTÉTICA NATURALISTA FRANCESA NA CULTURA BRASILEIRA OITOCENTISTA
Authors: Catharina Pedro Paulo Garcia Ferreira 
Published: October 2020

Este artigo aborda a presença da literatura naturalista francesa no Brasil desde a segunda metade do século XIX até 1914, destacando sua importância e diversidade no campo literário brasileiro e sua sobrevivência por meio da associação com outras formas de arte, como o teatro e o cinema. Para provar seu argumento, apresenta dados comprobatórios da circulação das obras de escritores naturalistas franceses durante todo o período, atingindo público variado, além de mostrar a atuação destes últimos fora da esfera literária propriamente dita, influenciando a moda e os costumes.
'À luz desta fogueira literária': Rui Nunes e outros indivíduos extremos.
Authors: Barbosa Martins Diogo André 
Published: October 2020

Ao lermos Rui Nunes, deparamo-nos com uma escrita que parece condenar voluntariamente ao fracasso qualquer hipótese de se fazer sentido, ou de o sentido existir sequer. Cruzando a sua escrita com algumas ideias de Jacques Rancière e Elias Canetti, pretende-se apenas isto: pensar o gesto de escrever como um acontecimento liminarmente político e dissensual, uma forma de confrontar a democracia com os seus limites e o seu permanente ser-em-potência. E, em última instância, mesmo excluindo radicalmente a premência de haver sentido, emerge uma inegável evidência: há mais um texto no mundo. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1096.
O teatro das quimeras: um estudo das fronteiras entre o homem e o animal na obra de Valère Novarina
Authors: Almeida Milla Benício Ribeiro de 
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo dedica-se à reflexão proposta por Valère Novarina sobre os limites do homem, compreendendo seu teatro como uma encenação da linguagem, e, portanto do humano, com metáforas densas, criadas sob a “máscara do animal”, que se prestam à constituição do conflito entre homem e mundo. Encenar a animalidade, nesse contexto, não significa, pois, tornar o palco lugar da imitação ou da representação, mas antes um espaço para questioná-las. Novarina revê, destarte, toda uma tradição metafísica, presente no teatro, mas também no pensamento. Propomo-nos, assim, a percorrer esse mesmo caminho, se quisermos compreender a amplitude da escrita novariniana e suas implicações poéticas e filosóficas. O animal do tempo é a obra que elegemos para fazer convergir uma tal análise.
SEMÂNTICA OBJETIVISTA OU SEMÂNTICA COGNITIVA? IMPLICAÇÕES DO MODELO SEMÂNTICO NA ANÁLISE DE CONDICIONAIS
Authors: Ferrari Lilian 
Published: October 2020

O trabalho contrasta análises de construções condicionais propostas pelo Funcionalismo e pela Linguística Cognitiva, argumentando que os modelos semânticos adotados – Semântica Objetivista ou Semântica Cognitiva – fundamentam a diferença de enfoque analítico entre as duas vertentes.
RELATOS SOBRE SUJEITOS SELVAGENS
Authors: Souza Jorge Victor de Araújo 
Published: October 2020

Livro resenhado: KIENING, Christian. O sujeito selvagem. Pequena poética do Novo Mundo. Trad. Silvia Nauroski. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. 371p.O selvagem voltou à moda. Pensando bem, talvez nunca tenha saído desde o período colonial. Mais do que nunca, ele está em diversas representações, passando da arte contemporânea, sobretudo a brasileira, ao cinema – vide o sucesso do diretor argentino Damián Szifron. São diversos sentidos apropriados pelos atuais realizadores, afinal o campo semântico é muito amplo. No século XVIII, por exemplo, o dicionarista Raphael Bluteau definiu que: “selvagem metaforicamente, chamamos a um homem rude, áspero, vilão, rústico, de costumes bárbaros”. Entretanto, o padre português afirma que selvagem é também “uma espécie de satyro que se acha no reino de Angola”, não sendo considerado, portanto, “gente”. Eis uma tópica da expansão ultramarina. É sobre outra região dessa aventura além-mar que Christian Kiening, professor de literatura alemã na Universidade de Zurich, dirige sua análise dos enunciados. A América é seu campo.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DE ATORES SOCIAIS EM COMENTÁRIOS ELETRÔNICOS: QUE FIGURAS HABITAM O IMAGINÁRIO POLÍTICO DOS BRASILEIROS NA ATUALIDADE?
Authors: Balocco Anna Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

A proposta do artigo é examinar o imaginário político brasileiro após a eleição da presidente Dilma Roussef, por meio de investigação da representação discursiva de atores sociais em comentários eletrônicos, publicados em um site de notícias. Para tanto, são utilizados o argumento de Laclau & Mouffe (1985) pela natureza aberta do social e das identidades coletivas, assim como os conceitos de discurso polêmico (AMOSSY, 2011), de ideologia (EAGLETON, 1991; PEDRO, 1997) e de imaginário social (FAIRCLOUGH, 2015; CASTORIADIS, 1982). A partir de quadro analítico de Van Leeuwen (1996) para o estudo da representação de atores sociais no discurso, são identificados três tipos de atores sociais no corpus; apontadas algumas correlações entre posicionamento discursivo e representação de atores sociais; além de feitas algumas considerações sobre a natureza heterogênea e dinâmica do imaginário social.
Diversidade linguística, direitos linguísticos e planificação linguística em Moçambique: problemática e desafios na adoção da língua de instrução no ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: De Paula Maria Helena , Quiraque Zacarias Alberto Sozinho 
Published: October 2020

Moçambique é um país multilíngue, plurilíngue e multicultural, onde cerca de 20 línguas são classificadas como Bantu, com características específicas, mas correlatas. Destas, a mais falada é usada por 26 % da população, uma das razões por que Moçambique está entre os vinte e cinco países africanos com diversidade linguística acentuada. A questão que se coloca é que língua adotar para o ensino de modo a que se respeitem os direitos linguísticos de cada indivíduo de receber a educação na sua língua materna. Para respondê-la, (1) discutimos a adoção do português como única língua de ensino e disciplina desde o período pós-independência, (2) analisamos criticamente os dois modelos de educação (monolíngue e bilíngue) e (3) propomos estratégias como desafio rumo à melhoria do processo de ensino e aprendizagem do país. A pesquisa bibliográfica e a introspeção embasam o estudo, que conduz ao posicionamento de que Moçambique precisa de um modelo que promova um bilinguismo inicial desde os primeiros anos de escolaridade, prevendo continuidade no uso das línguas bantu nas classes subsequentes ao ensino primário, distintamente do que tem ocorrido no ensino moçambicano. Para tal, é preciso incutir conhecimentos sólidos nos formandos dos Institutos de Formação de Professores (IFP) na matéria de educação bilíngue, sem esquecer de capacitar os professores em exercício na mesma matéria, oferecendo ao cidadão moçambicano o gozo de parte dos direitos linguísticos estabelecidos em 1996 pela Organização das Nações Unidas para Educação, Ciência e Cultura (UNESCO).---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n42a906
A máquina do poema e a pedagogia da flor
Authors: Dayrell João Guilherme 
Published: October 2020

Este artigo visa a explorar a dialética cultura e natureza na poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto e Carlos Drummond de Andrade para, posteriormente, evocar rapidamente um debate filosófico sobre o estatuto da poesia empreendido pelos filósofos franceses Jean Luc-Nancy e Alain Badiou. Nossa conclusão é a de que, enquanto os filósofos qualificam a poesia como um acesso, os citados poetas a entendem como uma interrupção que gera a determinação da razão pela natureza e a ideia perspectivista de que na natureza há saber. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2017n43a747.