bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodisation of Primary and Secondary Technical and Vocational Education Development in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Aminov T. M. , Asadullin R. M. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Vocational education has always been and still is one of the main factors of successful sustainable development of society as a whole and of the individual in particular. Therefore, in the state policy of different countries of the world, including Russia, special attention is being given to the institutions, which train specialists for the leading sectors of the economy and production. For developing effective policy measures and predicting its effectiveness, it is essential to identify the potential of national vocational education system, to study its phase changes and evolution vectors, to analyse and summarise existing experience in the organisation of the system and to support its functioning at the national and regional levels.The aim of the present research is to identify and characterise the main periods of development of primary and secondary technical and vocational education in one of the major regions of Russia – the Republic of Bashkortostan.Methodology and research methods. The research methodology is based on the system and civilisational approaches. The retrospective analysis was conducted through historical, typological and comparative methods, as well as two conceptual models. In the first model, the pedagogical process is presented as a complete system determined by specific historical conditions. The second model, designed by one of the authors of this article, is based on the logic and structure of this process in its contemporary understanding. These concepts provide adequate analysis and extrapolation of historical and pedagogical experience into modern educational theory and practice.Results and scientific novelty. The authors identified socio-economic, pedagogical, organisational and managerial factors of periodisation of the system of primary and secondary technical and vocational education development of Bashkortostan. For the first time, at the local republican level, the main phases of the process have been identified and described, starting with the pre-institutional stage to the present day. It is demonstrated that the trajectory of gradual formation and improvement of the investigated directions and stages of vocational training in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan is regulated by the general laws on the development of social structures. Despite some specificity, the trends in regional education found are quite related to all-Russian processes.Practical significance. The research results can be useful and are already being used when developing and designing vocational development programmes, in particular, they enrich the content of such disciplines as “History of Pedagogy and Education”, “History”, various special courses and curriculum units, concerning the issues on the state and prospects of technical and vocational education. In addition, the research materials can be used for developing regional educational policy.
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques of coronary arteries in patients with stable coronary artery disease: 12-months follow-up
Authors: Kochergin N. A. , Kochergina A. M. , Khorlampenko A. A. , Ganyukov V. I. , Shilov A. A. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: April 2020

Relevance. A key objective of modern cardiology is the assessment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to develop preventive measures and choose optimal treatment strategies.Objective. Detect vulnerable plaques of non-target coronary arteries in patients with stable CAD during routine percutaneous coronary intervention using virtual-histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) and view their morphology over time.Materials and Methods. The prospective observational cohort study included 58 patients with stable CAD. After stenting of a target vessel, VH-IVUS was carried out in proximal and middle segments (6–8 cm) of a non-target coronary artery with no significant stenosis according to coronary angiography. Twelve months later, all patients underwent coronary angiography with re-IVUS of previously detected lesions. Death, myocardial infarction, rehospitalization, and unplanned myocardial revascularization due to vulnerable plaques were the endpoints of the study.Results. IVUS with virtual histology revealed 58 lesions of non-target coronary arteries in 56 (96.5 %) patients. Two patients had no lesions in non-target coronary arteries. A large necrotic core with thin cap (thin-cap fibroatheroma) was detected in 12 (20.7 %) plaques, six of which had additional ACS risk criteria (stenosis area >70 % and / or lumen area <4 mm2). Within the 12‑month follow-up period, three patients (one with a vulnerable plaque in IVUS) were hospitalized with a clinical picture of ACS. One cardiac death was registered in a patient with the IVUS vulnerable plaque. 7 of 12 vulnerable plaques stabilized in 12 months.Conclusion. 1) The data presented indicate a high rate (20.7 %) of vulnerable plaques of non-target coronary arteries in patients with stable CAD who underwent stenting; 2) Two (16.6 %) patients with vulnerable plaques reached endpoints (death and rehospitalization) within the 12‑month follow-up period; 3) An analysis of atherosclerotic plaques in non-target coronary arteries over time showed that vulnerable plaques stabilized and did not cause ACS in more than half of cases (7 of 12); 4) Plaques that were not vulnerable according to IVUS were not likely to destabilize within the 12‑month follow-up period.
The Incidence and Possible Predictors of Coronary Restenosis
Authors: Filatova A. Yu. , Romasov I. V. , Potekhina A. V. , Osokina A. K. , Noeva E. A. , Arefieva T. I. , Barabanova E. A. , Merkulov E. V. , Samko A. N. , Provatorov S. I. 
Published: April 2020

Objective. Assess time and possible predictors of restenosis after the implantation of first- and second-generation coronary stents and bare metal stents (BMSs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease after elective coronary stenting.Materials and Methods. From 2010 to 2014, 3,732 (2,897 males, 60 [53; 68] years old) patients with stable exertional angina of functional class I–III underwent coronary stenting. From 2014 to 2017, 1,487 (1,173 males and 314 females) patients returned. Repeat coronary angiography was performed in 699 patients.Results. A total of 644 first-generation stents, 5,321 second-generation stents, and 473 BMSs were implanted. During the control coronary angiography, contrasting was repeated for 193 first-generation stents, 899 second-generation stents, and 77 BMSs. Restenosis (stenosis of 50 % or more in the previously stented segment) was detected in 28 (14 % of angiographic control) first-generation drug-eluting stents, 94 (10 %) second-generation drug-eluting stents, and 21 (27 %) BMSs. Patients with BMS restenosis returned significantly earlier than patients with restenosis of the first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents (11 [6, 27] months vs. 32 [11; 48]) months and 24 [12; 42] months, respectively; p<0.05). The initial and repeat levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were higher in patients with restenosis (2.2 [1.2, 5.0] mg / L vs. 2.1 [1.0, 4.6] mg / L, respectively; p> 0.05) than in patients without restenosis (2.0 [0.9, 4.2] mg / L vs. 1.9 [0.7, 3.5] mg / L respectively, p>0.05). Blood levels of hs-CRP ≥2 mg / L according to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis at return visit were used as a predictor to identify restenosis of stents with a diameter <3 mm and a length >25 mm – area under the curve (AUC) 0.67 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.51–0.84), p <0.05, odds ratio 3.7 (95 % CI 1.1–12.1), p<0.05. Stent type had a significant effect on the time to restenosis in the survival analysis (p<0.0005).Conclusion. The time from coronary stenting to the return visit of patients presenting with restenosis after the implantation of first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents is consistent; median time of the return visit of patients with restenosis of the first-generation stents was 2–3 years after coronary stenting. Blood levels of hs-CRP ≥2 mg / L at the return visit is a predictor of restenosis of stents with a diameter <3 mm and a length >25 mm.
The Study of Biochemical Factors of Calcification of Stable and Unstable Plaques in the Coronary Arteries of Man
Authors: Ragino Yu. I. , Kashtanova E. V. , Murashov I. S. , Volkov A. M. , Kurguzov A. V. , Sadovski E. V. , Maslatsov N. A. , Scherbakova L. V. , Chernjavskii A. M. , Polonskaya Ya. V. 
Published: April 2020

Objective. The aim of the study was to study biochemical factors of calcification in stable and unstable plaques of coronary arteries and in the blood of patients with severe coronary atherosclerosis, to find associations of biochemical factors of calcification with the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaque.Materials and Methods. The study included 25 men aged 60,4±6,8 years who received coronary bypass surgery. In the course of the operation intraoperative indications in men were from coronary endarteriectomy (s) artery (a – d) and histological and biochemical analyses of the samples of the intima / media. Out of 85 fragments of intima / media of coronary arteries, 15 fragments of unchanged intima / media, 39 fragments of stable atheromatous plaque and 31 fragments of unstable plaque were determined. In homogenates of samples of intima / media (after measurement of protein by the method of Lowry) and in blood by ELISA were determined by biochemical factors of calcification: osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, an osteopontin, osteonectin, as well as inflammatory factors (cytokines, chemokines).Results. A significant direct correlation (Spearman coefficient =0.607, p<0.01) between the stages of atherosclerotic focus development to unstable plaque and the degree of calcification of atherosclerotic focus development samples was found. There was an increased content of osteocalcin in stable and unstable plaques by 3.3 times in comparison with the unchanged tissue of intima / media of coronary arteries, as well as in samples with small and dust-like, with coarse-grained calcifications in comparison with samples without calcifications by 2.8 and 2.1 times, respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the relative risk of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with a reduced content of osteocalcin (OR=0.988, 95 % CI 0.978–0.999, p=0.028). Also, the relative risk of calcifications in the atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with an increased content of osteocalcin (OR=1,008, 95 % CI 1,001–1,015, p=0,035). In men with severe coronary atherosclerosis, a significant inverse correlation was found (Spearman coefficient –0.386, p=0.022) between the content of osteoprotegerin in the vascular wall and in the blood.
Drotaverine hydrochloride versus valethamate bromide for cervical dilatation in labour: a comparative study
Authors: . Deepshikha , Soni Monica , Gupta Deepak , Godara Santosh 
Published: April 2020

Background: Labor is the most perilous journey a woman has to undertake. Painless and short labor is desired by every woman and is a constant aim for obstetrician. Objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with valethamate bromide for cervical dilatation in labor in primigravida.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, S. P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan from 1st August 2018 to 31st July 2019 over a period of 1 year. Total of 300 patients were included in the study with 150 patients in each of the two groups. In this study the effects of Drotaverine hydrochloride (Group A) and Valethamate bromide (Group B) on cervical dilatation were compared.Results: In our study, the mean drug delivery interval was 101.58±78.06 mins in Group A and 134.24±94.12 mins in Group B. The mean number of doses of drug required was 1.27±0.55 in Group A and 4.17±1.62 in Group B. The difference was statistically highly significant (p <0.001).Conclusions: Drotaverine hydrochloride is found to be better than valethamate bromide in shortening the duration of active phase of labor in primigravidae. Drotaverine was found to be a better drug, hence, can be used to reduce the agony of the laboring woman without any significant side effects on the mother or the fetus.
Empleo de metronidazol durante el primer trimestre de embarazo: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Parrado Ralph 
Published: April 2020

Antecedentes: el metronidazol se emplea en la paciente obstétrica cada día con mayor frecuencia debido a las complicaciones obstétricas asociadas a la vaginosis bacteriana y la tricomoniasis. Existen, sin embargo, médicos y mujeres que todavía dudan emplear el metronidazol, especialmente durante los primeros meses de embarazo por temor a posibles efectos teratogénicos.Objetivo: evaluar el riesgo de teratogenicidad del metronidazol durante el primer trimestre de embarazo.Método: revisión de la literatura actual sobre el empleo de metronidazol durante el primer trimestre de embarazo y sus efectos teratogénicos.Conclusiones: la administración de metronidazol durante el primer trimestre de embarazo no se relaciona clínicamente con un mayor riesgo de alteraciones congénitas.
Editorial
Authors: De Castro Dangond Jorge Fernández 
Published: April 2020

La nueva Junta Directiva de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología hace llegar su más cordial saludo a todos sus socios e invita a vincularse a todos aquellos ginecólogos que se encuentren por fuera de ella.
Esta Junta Directiva fue elegida el pasado 19 de abril en la Asamblea General Ordinaria que tradicionalmente se realiza junto con nuestro Congreso Nacional. A ella asistieron las 21 Sociedades filiales y los nueve miembros de la Junta Directiva. De estos treinta votos presentes participaron veinticinco, conformando así el quórum estatutario. De esta manera hemos recibido el honroso encargo de dirigir el rumbo de nuestro gremio durante los dos próximos años. Sea la ocasión para expresar nuestros profundos agradecimientos a quienes nos depositaron su confianza con su voto.
Pengaruh Vitamin C terhadap Fragilitas Osmotik Eritrosit pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Jember yang Mengalami Stres Psikologis
Authors: Muslim Zulfahmi , Prasetyo Aris , Wahyudi Septa Surya 
Published: April 2020

Medical students are constantly getting stress that could lead to oxidative stress where the level of free radicals is higher than the level of antioxidants in the body. Free radicals can bind to erythrocyte membranes and alter membrane structure that lead to the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane resulting in decreased erythrocyte ability in preventing hemolysis. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that could prevent free radicals bond to erythrocyte membrane. Vitamin C works by donating electrons to free radicals and prevent binding to erythrocyte membranes. The purposed of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin C consumption on osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in medical students with psychological stress. This research was clinical trial research with quasi experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. Researchers used Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire to measure the stress level. Data analysis using T test obtained mean of percentage of hemolysis between pretest and posttest was p= 0,02. It can be concluded that there is significant difference on osmotic fragility due to Vitamin C consumption in medical Student of Jember University with psychological stress.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FLY ASH DAN KAPUR TOHOR PADA NETRALISASI AIR SKALA LABORATORIUM DI PT JORONG BARUTAMA GRESTON
Authors: Jannah Noor Wahidatul , Triantoro Agus , Riswan Riswan 
Published: April 2020

Air asam tambang sering menjadi masalah yang besar dalam setiap pertambangan karena sangat berdampat negatif bagi lingkungan di wilayah tambang tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, untuk mengatasi air asam dilakukanlah proses penetralan secara aktif terhadap air asam. Material yang digunakan dalam proses penetralan menggunakan fly ash dan kapur tohor karena kedua material mengandung CaO.Pada penelitian ini, proses netralisasi dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dimana air asam tambang diambil dari void M23_C. Dari hasil penelitian, hasil uji coba fly ash untuk penetralan menunjukkan hasil yang positif yaitu dengan dosis 1,6 gr/l mampu menaikkan nilai pH dari pH 3 menjadi pH 7 dalam waktu 125 menit dengan penurunan logam Fe dari 0,52 mg/l menjadi 0,50 mg/l, penurunan logam Mn dari 5,3 mg/l menjadi 5,2 mg/l serta nilai TSS dari 9 mg/l menjadi 71 mg/l.Hasil uji coba penetralan menggunakan kapur ternyata lebih efektif dari fly ash yaitu dengan dosis 0,04 gr/l mampu menaikkan nilai pH dari pH 3 menjadi pH 7 dalam waktu 60 menit dengan penurunan logam Fe dari 0,52 mg/l menjadi 0,32 mg/l, penurunan logam Mn dari 5,3 mg/l menjadi 3,6 mg/l serta nilai TSS dari 9 mg/l menjadi 10 mg/l. Kata-kata kunci: Air asam tambang, fly ash, kapur tohor, pH, Fe, Mn, TSS.
PERENCANAAN PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA PADA PIT B SELAMA TRIWULAN I TAHUN 2019 DI PT KALIMANTAN LINTAS KHATULISTIWA
Authors: Misradin Misradin , Santoso Eko , Melati Sari 
Published: April 2020

PT Kalimantan Lintas Khatulistiwa telah membuka pit di bagian selatan wilayah Izin Usaha Pertambangan Operasi Produksi. Awal tahun 2019 pit ini direncanakan dilanjutkan operasi produksinya dengan target seam B sehingga disebut Pit B. Selama triwulan I 2019, ekspansi pit dibatasi hanya menambah elevasi tanpa memperluas pit dan stripping ratio (SR) baik per bulan tidak lebih dari 2 BCM overburden per 1 ton batubara. Melalui penelitian ini disediakan rancangan pit, ramp, disposal, pushback, alat gali muat dan alat angkut untuk mencapai target produksi 150.000 ton batubara selama triwulan I tahun 2019.Perancangan pit dan pushback serta perhitungan volume overburden dan batubara dikerjakan dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Minescape menggunakan metode perhitungan blok strip dengan ukuran 25 x 20 x 5 meter. Jenjang kerja dimana alat gali muat dan angkut yang bekerja berupa Excavator Backhoe Hitachi EX350 dan Dumptruck Nissan CWB atau Hino FM260, dirancang 25 x 10 x 2,5 meter sehingga satu blok-strip dapat diselesaikan dengan 4 front. Disediakan akses jalan utama menuju pushback yang berpindah pindah setiap bulan. Kapasitas disposal disediakan lebih dari 10% dari volume overburden yang akan dibongkar selama triwulan I. Overburden dihamparkan dalam 1 lift karena lift kedua akan digunakan untuk menampung overburden pada triwulan berikutnya.Selama triwulan 1 akan ditambang 154.390,54 ton batubara dengan SR 1,35 sehingga volume overburden 209.035,57 bcm. Disposal dirancang di luar pit (outpit dump) yang terletak di sebelah barat laut Pit B dengan kapasitas 282.480,89 lcm. Bulan Januari akan ditambang 50.403,12 ton batubara dan digali 75.439,98 bcm overburden dengan SR 1,5 di bagian tenggara Pit B. Batubara disimpan di stock-ROM yang berjarak dari 750 m, 900 m, sampai 1 Km dari front Pit B. Bulan Februari akan ditambang 51.459,62 ton batubara dan digali 42.887,64 bcm overburden dengan SR 0,83 di bagian utara Pit B. Bulan Maret akan ditambang 52.801,10 ton batubara dan digali 90.775,50 bcm overburden dengan SR 1,72 di bagian barat Pit B. Alat gali muat untuk penambangan batubara diperlukan 1 unit dan dilayani oleh 4 alat angkut. Penimbunan overburden dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, berurutan dari bagian selatan ke utara, dengan jarak angkut dari front berturut-turut dari Januari sampai Maret ±865 m, ±1013 m, dan ±1110 m. Alat gali muat untuk pembongkaran overburden diperlukan 1 unit berpasangan dengan 6 unit alat angkut yang ditambah menjadi 7 unit pada bulan Maret 2019. Desain pushback dan alat mekanis dari hasil penelitian ini realistis diterapkan untuk mencapai target penambangan Pit B selama triwulan I tahun 2019. Kata kunci: Disposal, penambangan batubara, pushback, short-term mine planning
Impacts of a novel defensive symbiosis on the nematode host microbiome
Authors: Dahan Dylan , Preston Gail M. , Sealey Jordan , King Kayla C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Bacteria adapted to live within animals can protect their hosts against harmful infections. Beyond antagonism with pathogens, a ‘defensive’ bacterial symbiont could engage in additional interactions with other colonizing micro-organisms. A single bacterium might thus have cascading ecological impacts on the whole microbiome that are rarely investigated. Here, we assess the role of a defensive symbiont as a driver of host-associated microbiota composition by using a bacterial species (Enterococcus faecalis) that was previously experimentally adapted (Enterococcus faecalis) to a nematode host model (Caenorhabditis elegans). Results: An analysis of 16S rRNA data from C. elegans exposed to E. faecalis and subsequently reared in soil, reveal that symbiont adaptation to host environment or its protective potential had minimal impact on microbiota diversity. Whilst the abundance of Pseudomonas was higher in the microbiota of hosts with protective E.faecalis (and another protective species tested), three other genera – Serratia, Klebsiella and Salinispora – were less abundant in hosts colonized by all E. faecalis strains. In addition, the protective effect of E. faecalis against opportunistic Staphylococcus aureus pathogens was maintained despite multi-species interactions within the microbiota. Conclusions: Our results reveal the degree to which a new, evolving symbiont can colonise and maintain its conferred phenotype (i.e., pathogen-resistance) with minimal disruption to the host microbiota diversity.