bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premature aging of circulating T cells predicts all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Xiang Fangfang , Chen Rongyi , Cao Xuesen , Shen Bo , Chen Xiaohong , Ding Xiaoqiang , Zou Jianzhou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) exhibit a premature aging phenotype of immune system, which is recently concerned as a significant factor for increased risk of various morbidities. Nevertheless, there are few dates explicating the relevancy of T cell senescence to mortality. In this study, we prospectively studied the predictive value of T cell senescence for mortality in hemodialysis patients. Methods Patients who had been on hemodialysis treatment for at least 6 months were enrolled. T cell senescence determined by differentiation status was evaluated by flow cytometry. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic impact of T cell premature aging and other clinical factors on all-cause mortality. Results A total of 466 patients (277 man and 169 women) were enrolled in this study. Decreased number of naïve T cell, as the most prominent feature of T cell senescence, did not change in parallel with age in these patients. Decreased absolute count of T cell, naïve T cell, CD4 + naïve T cell were independently associated with all-cause mortality. Decreased percentage of T cell and increased percentage of CD8 + central-memory T cell were also independently associated with all-cause mortality. After including all the T cell parameters in one regression model, only decreased count of naïve T cell was significantly associated with increased mortality in these patients. Conclusions Aging-associated T cell changes are aggravated in ESRD patients. For the first time, our study demonstrates that naïve T cell depletion is a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in HD patients.
Mortality at the Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Mohammed VI Teaching Hospital of Marrakech
Authors: Lahmini Widad , bourrous mounir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : The death of a child at the emergency ward is a real challenge. In our country the published data concerning the causes and the factors related to pediatric mortality especially in the pediatric emergency wards is very rare. This study aimed to determine the global rate of the pediatric mortality in the pediatric emergency departement (PED), to study its epidemiology and to identify its most frequent causes. Methods : It is a retrospective and descriptive study, over five years (1st january 2012 and 31st december 2016) including all children aged from 0 to 15 years old who died at the PED in the Mohamed VI Hospital in Marrakech. Results : During the period of the study a total of 172.691 patients were admitted, among which 628 died in the PED (global pediatric mortality rate : 3,63%). The masculine gender was predominant with a gender ratio of 1.59. Two-thirds of the patients died in the first 24 hours. The median of time from admission to death was around 12 hours. Majority of the deceased children (75%) were from a low socioeconomic status. The most frequent cause of admissions for deceased patients in the PED was respiratory distress (47%) followed by neurological disorders (11%). Neonatal mortality was predominant (75,1%), followed by postnatal mortality (11,6%). The most frequent causes of pediatric mortality, whatever the age range, were dominated by neonatal pathologies (62,3%), followed by infecious causes bronchopulmonary infections included (7,7%), birth deformities (7,3%) while traumas were merely (0,9%). The most frequent causes of neonatal mortality were prematurity (24,4%), neonatal infections (32,2%), perinatal asphyxia (15%) and neonatal respiratory distress (12,1%). Conclusion : Our data once again underline the crucial importance of prevention. This requires correct follow-up of the pregnancies, an adequate assistance of births, and perfecting healthcare provision to newborns in order to attain proper assistance.
Heterologous prime-boost: an important candidate immunization strategy against Tembusu virus
Authors: Pan Yuting , Jia Renyong , Li Juping , Wang Mingshu , Chen Shun , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Zhao Xinxin , Wu Ying , Yang Qiao , Yin Zhongqiong , Jing Bo , Huang Juan , Zhang Shaqiu , Zhang Lin , Liu Yunya , Yu Yanlin , Tian Bin , Pan Leichang , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Cheng Anchun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Tembusu virus (TMUV), a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus, spreads rapidly between ducks, causing massive economic losses in the Chinese duck industry. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent TMUV. Therefore, it is urgent to look for an effective vaccine strategy against TMUV. Heterologous prime-boost regimens priming with vaccines and boosting with recombinant adenovirus vaccines have been proven to be successful strategies for protecting against viruses in experimental animal models. Methods In this study, heterologous and homologous prime-boost strategies using an attenuated vaccine and a recombinant adenovirus vaccine expressing prM-E or the E gene of TMUV were evaluated to protect ducks against TMUV infection for the first time, including priming and boosting with the attenuated salmonella vaccine, priming and boosting with the recombinant adenovirus vaccine, and priming with attenuated salmonella vaccine and boosting with the recombinant adenovirus vaccine. Humoral and cellular immune responses were detected and evaluated. We then challenged the ducks with TMUV at 12 days after boosting to assay for clinical symptoms, mortality, viral loads and histopathological lesions after these different strategies. Results Compared with the homologous prime-boost strategies, the heterologous prime-boost regimen produced higher levels of neutralizing antibodies and IgG antibodies against TMUV. Additionally, it could induce higher levels of IFN-γ than homologous prime-boost strategies in the later stage. Interestingly, the heterologous prime-boost strategy induced higher levels of IL-4 in the early stage, but the IL-4 levels gradually decreased and were even lower than those induced by the homologous prime-boost strategy in the later stage. Moreover, the heterologous prime-boost strategy could efficiently protect ducks, with low viral titres, no clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions in this experiment after challenge with TMUV, while slight clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions were observed with the homologous prime-boost strategies. Conclusions Our results indicated that the heterologous prime-boosts strategy induced higher levels of humoral and cellular immune responses and better protection against the TMUV infection in ducks than the homologous prime-boost strategies, suggesting that the heterologous prime-boost strategy is an important candidate for the design of a novel vaccine strategy against TMUV.
SYBA: Bayesian estimation of synthetic accessibility of organic compounds
Authors: Voršilák Milan , Kolář Michal , Čmelo Ivan , Svozil Daniel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
SYBA (SYnthetic Bayesian Accessibility) is a fragment-based method for the rapid classification of organic compounds as easy- (ES) or hard-to-synthesize (HS). It is based on a Bernoulli naïve Bayes classifier that is used to assign SYBA score contributions to individual fragments based on their frequencies in the database of ES and HS molecules. SYBA was trained on ES molecules available in the ZINC15 database and on HS molecules generated by the Nonpher methodology. SYBA was compared with a random forest, that was utilized as a baseline method, as well as with other two methods for synthetic accessibility assessment: SAScore and SCScore. When used with their suggested thresholds, SYBA improves over random forest classification, albeit marginally, and outperforms SAScore and SCScore. However, upon the optimization of SAScore threshold (that changes from 6.0 to ~4.5), SAScore yields similar results as SYBA. Because SYBA is based merely on fragment contributions, it can be used for the analysis of the contribution of individual molecular parts to compound synthetic accessibility. SYBA is publicly available at https://github.com/lich-uct/syba under the GNU General Public License.
Withdrawal of Treatment in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at a Children's Hospital of China: a Period of 10 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Huaqing , Su Dongni , Guo Xubei , Dai Yunhong , Dong Xingqiang , Zhu Qiujiao , Bai Zhengjiang , Li Ying , Wu Shuiyan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Published data and practice recommendations on end-of-life generally reflect Western practice frameworks, there are few reports that refer to withdrawing treatment of children in China. Methods: Withdrawing treatment and reasons of children in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a regional children's hospital in eastern China from 2006 to 2017 was studied retrospectively. Withdrawing treatment was divided into medical withdrawing and premature withdrawing as defined.Results: The incidence of withdrawing treatment among children in the PICU decreased significantly, for premature withdrawing from a 3-year average of 15.1% in 2006–2008 to 1.9% in 2015–2017 (87.4% reduction). Overall incidence of withdrawal of care reduced over the time period, and withdrawal of therapy by guardians was the main contributor to the overall reduction. The median age of children in whom treatment was withdrawn increased from 14.5 (interquartile range: 4.0-72.0) months in 2006 to 40.5 (interquartile range: 8.0– 99.0) months in 2017. Reasons given by guardians of children whose treatments were withdrawn in 2011-2017, “illness is too severe” ranked first, accounting for 66.3%, followed by “condition has been improved” (20.9%). Only a few of the guardians ascribed withdrawing treatment to economic reasons.Conclusions: The decreasing in incidence of premature withdrawing suggests that guardians are more willing to actively treat their children in this children’s hospital during the last years. Chinese children's guardians have their own unique ways of expression when self-reported reasons for withdrawing treatment.
Fire needle plus cupping for acute herpes zoster: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liang Zuohui , Li Shihua , Yang Ling , Guo Taipin , Yan Xu , Yang Juanjuan , Xu Qiannan , Zhang Qing , Zhao Jian , Li Cailian , Liu Xiuhong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Acute herpes zoster (AHZ) is a common skin disease caused by invasion of the varicella-zoster virus into the ganglia and skin, and the severe pain is the most complaint, which seriously disturbs the normal life of patients. Fire needle plus cupping is a special acupuncture treatment, which is widely used to treat AHZ for its better analgesic effect in China although it has not been verified by rigorous the randomized controlled trial (RCT).Methods To test the effect, a three-arm randomized parallel controlled trial protocol has been design. 105 AHZ patients suffering pain will be randomly divided into three groups in an equal proportion. The interventions are fire needle plus cupping (FC)in group A , famciclovir plus gabapentin (FG) in group B and fire needle plus cupping plus famciclovir (FCF) in Group C. All the group will be treated with one week, and the FC is to carry out 1 to 7 treatment sessions within 1 week, and the drug of famciclovir or gabapentin will take orally three times a day with seven times. Temporary analgesics medication will be administered if the intolerable pain constantly appeared. The primary outcome is pain intensity relief using visual analogue scale, and the secondary outcomes are changes in substance P and beta-endorphin concentrations in peripheral plasma, as well as analgesic needs, side effects, symptoms and physical signs including pain classification, local itching, burning sensation, fever, local lymphadenopathy, skin lesion area, blisters, herpes clusters, vesicular traits, ulcers, and pimples also will be evaluated. After 6 months, the participants will be followed up for postherpetic neuralgia. Discussion: The results of this trial will give the evidence of FC comparing with FG and FCF, and may be provide another a credible treatment way to solve acute pain problem in AHZ.
Molecular mapping of a novel lesion mimic gene (lm4) associated with enhanced resistance to stripe rust in bread wheat
Authors: Liu Rong , Lu Jing , Zheng Shigang , Zhou Min , Du Mei , Zhang Chihong , Wang Minxiu , Li Yunfang , Xing Jiayi , Wu Yu , Zhang Lei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Lesion mimics (LM) is a disease-like symptom randomly spread on plant green leaves without any pathogens. Previous study has found that LM was related to enhanced resistance to a broad spectrum of diverse pathogen races and programmed cell death (PCD). Stripe rust is a globally epidemic fungal disease that can cause significant reduction of the quality and yield of crops. The development of resistance cultivars is economically and environmentally method for enhancing adaptability and yield stability of crops instead of fungicides application. In this study, a novel LM gene with Pst resistance was identified and mapped with developing molecular markers for marker assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding. Results In this study, a novel LM gene named as lm4 was identified by using a Yanzhan1/Neixiang188 RILs population, which closely linked to SSR markers Xgwm210 and Xgwm455 by 8.06 cM intervals. Then the genetic distance of the lm4 was shortened that flanked by SSR markers with 0.51cM and 0.77cM interval. Two SSR markers lm4_01_cib and lm4_02_cib were developed based on Chinese Spring genome database and wheat-660K SNP result, which can be used to conduct MAS of LM in wheat. And the results also show that lm4 significantly improved the resistance of stripe rust in wheat. Conclusions Therefore, lm4 is associated with stripe rust resistance which may provide a theoretical support for future crop disease-resistant breeding and for understanding the plant apoptosis mechanism.
Effects of physical exercise on cognitively impaired older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials
Authors: Sontakova Lenka , Bartova Alzbeta , Dadova Klara , Holmerova Iva , Steffl Michal 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The main aim of this study was to compare the effects of different physical activities on cognitive functions in older adults divided according to cognitive impairment levels.Methods: We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed for randomized control trials (RCT). A standardized mean difference (SMD) of the pre-post intervention score of global cognitive function tests was calculated by the random model in the Cochrane meta-analyses for people with cognitive impairment generally and across three levels - mild, mild to moderate, and moderate to severe cognitive impairment separately. Additionally, an unstandardized coefficient beta (B) was calculated in generalized linear models to estimate the effects of exercise, cognitive impairment severity, age, female ratio, length of intervention, and time of exercise a week on the global cognitive function.Results: Data from 26 studies involving 1,137 participants from intervention groups and 1,187 participants from control groups were analyzed. Physical exercise had a positive effect on cognitive functions in people across all levels of cognitive impairments SMD (95 % confidence interval [CI]) = 1.19 (0.77 - 1.62); however, heterogeneity was considerably high I2 = 95%. Aerobic (B = 8.881) and resistance exercise (B = 4.464) was significantly associated with better results in global cognitive functions when compared to active control. A higher number of female participants in intervention groups had a statistically significant effect on the global cognitive function (B = 0.229).Conclusions: Physical exercise was associated with cognitive function improvement in older people with cognitive impairments. Aerobic exercise was more strongly associated than resistance exercise to combat cognitive decline.
Cross-cultural validation of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviours for Dementia Risk Reduction scale in the Dutch general population
Authors: Joxhorst Tessa , Vrijsen Joyce , Niebuur Jacobien , Smidt Nynke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to translate and validate the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviours for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) scale in the Dutch general population.METHODS: A random sample of Dutch residents aged between 30 and 80 years old were invited to complete an online questionnaire including the translated MCLHB-DRR scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were conducted to assess construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency.RESULTS: 618 participants completed the questionnaire. EFA and Cronbach’s alpha showed that four items were candidate for deletion. CFA confirmed that deleting these items led to an excellent fit (RMSEA = 0.043, CFI = 0.960, TLI = 0.951, χ²/df = 2.130). Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.69 to 0.93, indicating good internal consistency.CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that the Dutch MCLHB-DRR scale is a valid scale for assessing health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia risk reduction among Dutch adults aged between 30 and 80 years old.
Occupational pesticide exposure and the risk of death in patients with Parkinson’s disease: an observational study in Southern Brazil.
Authors: Medeiros Márcio Schneider , Reddy Sumanth P. , Socal Mariana P. , Schumacher-Schuh Artur Francisco , Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple studies have suggested that various pesticides are associated with a higher risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may influence the progression of the disease. However, the evidence regarding the impact of pesticide exposure on mortality among patients with PD is equivocal. This study examines whether pesticide exposure influences the risk of mortality among patients with PD in Southern Brazil. Methods: A total of 150 patients with idiopathic PD were enrolled from 2008-2013 and followed until 2019. In addition to undergoing a detailed neurologic evaluation, patients completed surveys regarding socioeconomic status and environmental exposures. Results: Twenty patients (13.3%) reported a history of occupational pesticide exposure with a median duration of exposure of 10 years (mean = 13.1, SD = 11.2). Patients with a history of occupational pesticide exposure had higher UPDRS-III scores, though there were no significant differences in regards to age, sex, disease duration, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and age at symptom onset. Patients with occupational pesticide exposure were more than twice as likely to die than their unexposed PD counterparts (HR = 2.32, 95% CI [1.15, 4.66], p = 0.018). Occupational pesticide exposure was also a significant predictor of death in a cox-proportional hazards model which included smoking and caffeine intake history (HR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.13, 4.63], p = 0.02) and another which included several measures of socioeconomic status (HR = 3.92, 95% CI [1.41, 10.90], p = 0.009).Conclusion: In this prospective cohort study, we found an increased all-cause mortality risk in PD patients with occupational exposure to pesticides. More studies are needed to further analyze this topic with longer follow-up periods, more detailed exposure information, and more specific causes of mortality.
Prevalence and risk factors of psychological impacts among the quarantined population during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Yan Bin , Huang Yeen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has swept into over 200 countries with considerable confirmed cases and deaths, and has caused public panic and mental health stress. We aimed to examine the quarantined population’s psychological problems during the pandemic, and to explore the potential risk factors.Methods: From 3 February, to 17 February, 2020, we conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey to collect data from 6,961 participants assessed with demographic data, knowledge about the COVID-19, anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the risk factors associated with the psychological issues.Results: The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep quality were 34.6%, 19.2%, and 18.3%, respectively. People aged < 35 years reported a higher prevalence of anxiety disorders and depressive symptoms than people aged ≥ 35 years (P<0.01). Compared with other occupational groups, healthcare workers had the highest rate of poor sleep quality (P<0.001). Younger age, spent ≥ 3 hours a day focusing on the pandemic, and healthcare workers were the potential risk factors for psychological problems.Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the quarantined population showed a severe psychological impact, especially people aged < 35 years, those spent ≥3 hours a day focusing on the pandemic, and being a healthcare worker. Our findings can be a helpful reference for intervention and prevention programs for the quarantined population facing crisis in the future.
The association of low serum salivary and pancreatic amylases with the increased use of lipids as an energy source in non-obese healthy women
Authors: Nakajima Kei , Higuchi Ryoko , Iwane Taizo , Iida Ayaka 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: It is unknown whether low serum levels of salivary and pancreatic amylases are associated with the high combustion of carbohydrates or lipids for energy. Elevated blood ketones and a low respiratory quotient (RQ) can reflect the preferential combustion of lipids relative to carbohydrates. Therefore, using the data from our previous study, we investigated if low levels of serum amylases were associated with a high serum ketone level and low RQ in 60 healthy non-obese young women aged 20–39 years old.RESULTS: Serum ketones [3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HBA) and acetoacetic acid (AA)] were inversely correlated with RQs, but not body mass index (BMI) or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that high levels of serum ketones (3-HBA ≥ 24 μmol/L and AA ≥ 17 μmol/L) and a low RQ (< 0.766) were significantly associated with low serum salivary (< 60 U/L) and pancreatic (< 29 U/L) amylase levels, respectively. These associations were not altered by further adjustments for age, BMI, HbA1c, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. These results confirm the high combustion of lipids for energy in individuals with low serum amylase levels, suggesting a close relationship between circulating amylases and internal energy production.