bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of Treatment and Outcomes Among Asians With Coronary Artery Disease in the United States
Authors: Manjunath Lakshman , Chung Sukyung , Li Jiang , Shah Harsh , Palaniappan Latha , Yong Celina M. 
Published: May 2020

Background
Prior data demonstrate significant heterogeneity regarding coronary artery disease risk factors and outcomes among Asians in the United States, but no studies have yet examined coronary artery disease treatment patterns or outcomes among disaggregated Asian American subgroups.

Methods and Results

From a total of 772 882 patients with known race/ethnicity and sex who received care from a mixed‐payer healthcare organization in Northern California between 2006 and 2015, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 6667 adults with coronary artery disease. Logistic regression was used to examine medical and procedural therapies and outcomes by race/ethnicity, with adjustment for age, sex, income, and baseline comorbidities. Compared with non‐Hispanic whites, Chinese were more likely to undergo stenting (50.9% versus 60.8%, odds ratio [
OR
] 1.39 [95%
CI
, 1.04–1.87], p=0.005), whereas Filipinos were more likely to receive bypass surgery (6.9% versus 20.5%,
OR
2.65 [95%
CI
, 1.75–4.01],
P
<0.0001). After stenting, Chinese, Filipinos, and Japanese were more likely than non‐Hispanic whites to be prescribed clopidogrel (86.2%, 83.0%, and 91.4% versus 74.5%,
OR
s 1.86 [95%
CI
, 1.13–3.04], 1.86 [95%
CI
, 1.01–3.44], and 4.37 [95%
CI
, 1.02–18.67], respectively,
P
<0.0001). Lastly, Chinese and Asian Indians were more likely than non‐Hispanic whites to be diagnosed with a myocardial infarction within 1 year postangiography (15.6% and 17.4% versus 11.2%,
OR
s 1.49 [95%
CI
, 1.02–2.19] and 1.68 [95%
CI
, 1.21–2.34], respectively,
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions
Disaggregation of Asian Americans with coronary artery disease into individual racial/ethnic subgroups reveals significant variability in treatment patterns and outcomes. Further investigation into these differences may expose important opportunities to mitigate disparities and improve quality of care in this diverse population.
Effects of Flipped Classroom Instruction: Evidence from a Randomized
Trial
Authors: Setren Elizabeth , Greenberg Kyle , Moore Oliver , Yankovich Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In a flipped classroom, an increasingly popular pedagogical model, students view a video lecture at home and work on exercises with the instructor during class time. Advocates of the flipped classroom claim the practice not only improves student achievement but also ameliorates the achievement gap. We conduct a randomized controlled trial at West Point and find the flipped classroom produced short-term gains in math and no effect in economics. The flipped model broadened the achievement gap: Effects are driven by white, male, and higher-achieving students. We find no long-term average effects on student learning but the widened achievement gap persists. Our findings demonstrate feasibility for the flipped classroom to induce short-term gains in student learning; however, the exacerbation of the achievement gap, the effect fade-out, and the null effects in economics, suggest that educators should exercise caution when considering the model.
David Katz’s “Phenomenological Psychology”
Authors: Giorgi Amedeo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
David Katz (1884-1953)was an experimental psychologist who worked in the early years of psychology as an independent science. He performed many experiments on color vision and touch by means of what he called the “phenomenological method.” He claimed to have learned the method by attending Husserl’s lectures on phenomenological philosophy while the latter was teaching at Göttingen. However the method that Katz actually used was “description with an attitude of disciplined naiveté”. Consequently, while such a method was known as “phenomenological” at the time Katz was working, the nomenclature reflects a historically dated meaning of phenomenology and not the sense of phenomenological method that Husserl developed later in his career. Katz’s method was actually qualitative and empirical. It was not phenomenological according to Husserl’s complete, mature philosophy.
The Syncretic Revelation of John of Gaza
Authors: Aleksandrova Tatiana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper suggests that John of Gaza’s poem Tabula Mundi which is in general considered to be an ekphrasis of a real picture that had once adorned winter baths in Gaza or Antioch, actually reflects the author’s personal cosmological beliefs and is an ekphrasis in form only. In the poem there are parallels both with the mystical narratives of the ascent to heaven, and with Christian apocalyptic teachings. However, John of Gaza’s ʻrevelationʼ is not about the end of the world, but about its infinity and wise structure. The form of ekphrasis may have been chosen for the sake of disguise, since in the time when John lived, the views reflected in his poem may have been considered heretical.
Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender
Authors: Özdin Selçuk , Bayrak Özdin Şükriye 
Published: May 2020

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is having negative effects on societies’ mental health. Both the pandemic and the measures taken to combat it can affect individuals’ mental health. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of depression, anxiety and health anxiety in Turkish society during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine the factors affecting these. Method: The study was performed using an online questionnaire. Participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic data form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI). The effects on depression, anxiety and health anxiety levels of factors such as age, sex, marital status, living with an individual aged above 60, the presence of a new Coronavirus+ patient among friends or relatives, previous and current psychiatric illness and presence of accompanying chronic disease were then investigated. Results: In terms of HADS cut-off points, 23.6% ( n = 81) of the population scored above the depression cut-off point, and 45.1% ( n = 155) scored above the cut-off point for anxiety. In regression analysis, female gender, living in urban areas and previous psychiatric illness history were found as risk factors for anxiety; living in urban areas was found as risk factor for depression; and female gender, accompanying chronic disease and previous psychiatric history were found as risk factors for health anxiety. Conclusion: The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the groups most psychologically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic are women, individuals with previous psychiatric illness, individuals living in urban areas and those with an accompanying chronic disease. Priority might therefore be attached to these in future psychiatric planning.
Diagnostic Value and Pathological Correlation of Narrow Band Imaging Classification in Laryngeal Lesions
Authors: Lin Chuanyao , Zhang Sisi , Lu Ling , Wang Maohua , Qian Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2020

Objectives: To explore the diagnostic value and pathological correlation of narrow band imaging (NBI) classification in laryngeal lesions. Methods: A total of 112 patients (123 lesions) with laryngeal lesions from July 2018 to May 2019 were selected in this study. All patients were examined by NBI and white light imaging endoscopy. The NBI endoscopy was applied to classify the observed lesion sites according to intraepithelial papillary capillary loop pattern. The gold standard of diagnosis was pathological results. To evaluate the consistency of NBI classification and pathological results. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the diagnosis for benign, precancerous, and malignant lesions under the NBI endoscopy were 90.91%, 81.19%, 74.07%, 85.42%; 41.67%, 92.93%, 58.82%, 86.79%; and 93.51%, 65.22%, 91.14%, 68.18%, respectively. There was a high consistency between NBI classification and pathological results (κ = 0.679, P < .001). Conclusions: The NBI classification can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. It is important for early diagnosis and treatment of vocal cord leukoplakia and laryngeal cancer.
Late-onset multiple venous malformations confined to the upper limb: link to somatic MAP3K3 mutations
Authors: Al-Qattan Mohammed M. , Al-Balwi Mohammed A. , Al-Zayed Ebtehal M. , Al-Sohaibani Mohammed , Gelidan Adnan G. , Alsheiban Saeed 
Published: May 2020

Venous (cavernous) malformations are commonly seen in the upper limb. Almost all venous malformations are congenital. They may be sporadic, familial, or syndromic. Late-onset, multiple venous malformations confined to the upper limb are rare. Lesions present after puberty. All previously reported cases were located subcutaneously and were small in size. The condition is non-hereditary and non-syndromic. We present a unique series of eight patients with this rare condition. Unique features included the presence of large malformations (up to 20 cm in diameter) and the presence of subfascial lesions causing nerve compression. Surgical excision was curative. Mutational analysis in one patient identified a novel somatic MAP3K3 gene mutation (c.1723T > C, p.Tyr 575 His) in the affected veins. The encoded MAP3K3 protein is known to accelerate the RAS pathway of cellular proliferation. Level of evidence: IV
Mass of piled lumber estimated through vibration test
Authors: Kubojima Yoshitaka , Sonoda Satomi , Kato Hideo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to propose a method for measuring the mass of wood lumber in piles through a vibration test. Air-dried sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) pieces with 1500–1600 mm length (L), 105 mm width (R), and 105 mm thickness (T) were used as specimens. We created a model of wood lumber inside a pile. A load 10 times that of the specimen was applied to the specimen, and vibration was initiated in the direction of the specimen’s length. The vibration test was conducted for the specimen with, and without a small steel plate. The specimen mass was estimated without weighing using the method based on the difference of the resonance frequency when a concentrated mass is added to and subtracted from wood. The specimen mass was thus estimated accurately through this vibration method. It is possible that the mass of the water removed from the wood lumber by drying can be estimated with this vibration method.
Use of outpatient medical care by headache patients in Germany: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Müller Britta , Dresler Thomas , Gaul Charly , Jürgens Tim , Kropp Peter , Rehfeld Anna , Reis Olaf , Ruscheweyh Ruth , Straube Andreas , Förderreuther Stefanie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHeadache sufferers in need of professional health care often do not utilize the care available, and factors influencing headache-specific physician consultation are not yet understood. Objectives of this study are (1) to assess self-reported headache-specific physician consultations and (2) to identify headache-related and sociodemographic predictors.MethodsData of a random sample of the general population in Germany aged ≥14 years were analyzed (N = 2461). A multivariate binary logistic regression was conducted to identify a parsimonious model to predict physician consultation.Results50.7% of the participants with headache reported at least one headache-specific physician consultation during lifetime. Of these, 53.6% had seen one, 26.1% two, and 20.3% more than two physicians because of their headaches. The odds of physician consultation increased with the number of headache days per month (HDM) [(reference HDM < 1) HDM 1–3 (OR = 2.29), HDM 4–14 (OR = 2.41), and HDM ≥15 (OR = 4.83)] and increasing Headache Impact Test score (HIT-6) [(reference “no or little impact”) moderate impact (OR = 1.74), substantial impact (OR = 3.01), and severe impact (OR = 5.08)]. Middle-aged participants were more likely to have consulted than younger and older ones [(reference 14–34 years) 35–54 years (OR = 1.90), 55–74 years (OR = 1.96), ≥75 years (OR = 1.02)]. The odds of physician consultation among self-employed subjects were lower than among employed manual workers (OR = 0.48). The living environment (rural versus urban) did not have an influence on the consultation frequency.ConclusionThe results indicate that apart from burden-related factors (headache frequency; headache impact), health care utilization patterns are also influenced by patients’ occupational status and age. Further research is needed to analyze whether the lower consultation rate means that the self-employed have a higher risk of chronification or that they have more effective self-management strategies regarding headache.
The clinical significance of IL-6 s and IL-27 s in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Zhao Jie , Li Yuyun , Zhang Wen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
IL-6 was associated with the severity of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). But the relationship between IL-27 and MPP was unknown.

Methods
Ninety-eight patients with MPP < 14 years old were enrolled in this study and divided into groups by severity (mild cases and severe cases), infection types (MP single infection group and MP mixed infection group) and DNA loads (low MP DNA loads group and high MP DNA loads group), respectively. Fifteen children with foreign bodies in bronchus were also enrolled as control. IL-6 s and IL-27 s in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) from these children were measured by ELISA.

Results
There were significant differences in IL-6 s of BALFs from patients between mild cases and severe cases, MP single infection group and MP mixed infection group, and low MP DNA loads group and high MP DNA loads group, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with IL-6 s of BALFs from control, IL-6 s in BALFs from the 6 patient groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05). IL-27 s in BALFs from MP mixed infection group were significantly lower than those from MP single infection group and control (P < 0.05) respectively.

Conclusion
IL-6 was firmly associated with MPP and had potential application in clinical practice while IL-27 was not related to MP infection.
Case report: a Chinese girl with dent disease 1 and turner syndrome due to a hemizygous CLCN5 gene mutation and Isochromosome (Xq)
Authors: Ye Yuhong , Wang Jingjing , Quan Xiaofang , Xu Ke , Fu Haidong , Gu Weiyue , Mao Jianhua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Female Dent disease 1 patients with low-molecular-weight proteinuria (LMWP) due to CLCN5 gene mutation were rarely reported, and these cases that the people were also with Turner syndrome (TS) were even hardly documented before.

Case presentation
Here we report a 3-year and 11-month old Chinese girl with short stature who had a karyotype of 46,X,i(X)(q10) and a de novo pathogenic variant in the CLCN5 gene on the short arm of X chromosome. Laboratory examinations showed that the patient had LMWP, hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia, delayed bone age, and genital dysplasia.

Conclusion
The combination of i(X)(q10) and CLCN5 mutation causes the deletion of the wild-type CLCN5 allele that results in Dent-1 and TS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that a female CLCN5 mutation hemizygote is diagnosed with Dent-1 and Turner syndrome due to isochromosome X. Also, our case has indicated that the prevalence of the situation may be largely underestimated because of the mild signs of females with Dent-1.
The Filum disease and the Neuro-Cranio-vertebral syndrome: definition, clinical picture and imaging features
Authors: Royo-Salvador Miguel B. , Fiallos-Rivera Marco V. , Salca Horia C. , Ollé-Fortuny Gabriel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe propose two new concepts, the Filum Disease (FD) and the Neuro-cranio-vertebral syndrome (NCVS), that group together conditions thus far considered idiopathic, such as Arnold-Chiari Syndrome Type I (ACSI), Idiopathic Syringomyelia (ISM), Idiopathic Scoliosis (IS), Basilar Impression (BI), Platybasia (PTB) Retroflexed Odontoid (RO) and Brainstem Kinking (BSK).MethodWe describe the symptomatology, the clinical course and the neurological signs of the new nosological entities as well as the changes visible on imaging studies in a series of 373 patients.ResultsOur series included 72% women with a mean age of 33.66 years; 48% of the patients had an interval from onset to diagnosis longer than 10 years and 64% had a progressive clinical course. The commonest symptoms were: headache 84%, lumbosacral pain 72%, cervical pain 72%, balance alteration 72% and paresthesias 70%. The commonest neurological signs were: altered deep tendon reflexes in upper extremities 86%, altered deep tendon reflexes in lower extremities 82%, altered plantar reflexes 73%, decreased grip strength 70%, altered sensibility to temperature 69%, altered abdominal reflexes 68%, positive Mingazzini’s test 66%, altered sensibility to touch 65% and deviation of the uvula and/or tongue 64%. The imaging features most often seen were: altered position of cerebellar tonsils 93%, low-lyingConus medullarisbelow the T12L1 disc 88%, idiopathic scoliosis 76%, multiple disc disease 72% and syringomyelic cavities 52%.ConclusionsThis is a paradigm shift that opens up new paths for research and broadens the range of therapeutics available to these patients.
Neuroprotective effects of exercise in people with progressive multiple sclerosis (Exercise PRO-MS): study protocol of a phase II trial
Authors: Gravesteijn A. S. , Beckerman H. , de Jong B. A. , Hulst H. E. , de Groot V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeurodegeneration, rather than inflammation, plays a key role in the progressive phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). Current disease modifying treatment options for people with progressive MS (PMS) do not specifically target neurodegeneration. Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise therapy might have neuroprotective effects. However, neuroprotective effect studies of exercise interventions in PMS are scarce and the possible mode of action underlying neuroprotective effects of exercise are unknown and need to be elucidated. The main aim of this phase II trial is to assess whether progressive resistance training (PRT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT), can slow down neurodegeneration in people with PMS.MethodsIn a single-blinded phase II clinical trial with an extended baseline period, 60 people with PMS will be randomly assigned to PRT or HIIT. The participants should have had a relapse onset of MS with confirmed disease progression, however still ambulatory. The duration of the study is 48 weeks, consisting of 16 weeks baseline period (no intervention), 16 weeks intervention and 16 weeks follow-up. Patient-tailored training will be performed 3 times per week for one hour in groups, led by an experienced physiotherapist. The primary outcome measure is neurodegeneration, measured as whole brain atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Secondary outcome parameters will include other biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration (i.e. regional brain atrophy, lesion load, white matter integrity, resting state functional connectivity, blood biomarkers (brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serum neurofilament light (sNFL)), patient functioning (physical and cognitive) and cardiovascular risk factors.DiscussionBesides the primary outcome measures, this study will examine a large variety of biomarkers associated with neurodegeneration after an exercise intervention. Combining outcome parameters may help to elucidate the mode of action underlying neuroprotective effects of exercise.Trial registrationThis trial is prospectively registered at the Dutch Trial Registry (numberNL8265, date 06-01-2020).
Pregnancy outcomes of patients with acute fatty liver of pregnancy: a case control study
Authors: Chang Lingzhi , Wang Ming , Liu Haixia , Meng Qinghua , Yu Hongwei , Wu Yu-mei , Zhu Yunxia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Limited data exists regarding the pregnancy and infant outcomes of Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP).

Methods
Retrospectively collected mothers with AFLP and mothers without AFLP in our center from 1/2008 to 6/2018. The primary assessment was to analyze and compare the frequency of negative maternal and fetal outcomes. The secondary assessment was to investigate the role of intrauterine balloon tamponade in reducing negative maternal outcomes.

Results
Compared to 220 matched mothers, 55 AFLP mothers were younger (P < 0.001), with fewer pregnancies (P = 0.033), complicated with more pregnancy induced hypertension (P < 0.001), twins(P = 0.002), fetal growth restriction (P = 0.044) and male fetus (P < 0.001). 3 (5.5%) of AFLP patients were diagnosed in the postpartum period. Mean gestational week of AFLP diagnosis was 35.25 ± 5.80 weeks. Jaundice (89.1%), nausea or vomiting (58.2%), anorexia (49.1%), fatigue (45.5%) and polydipsia (30.9%) were the main prodromal symptoms. The median duration from diagnosis to delivery was 1.55 ± 4.62 days and 75% (39/52) pregnancy were terminated the pregnancy at the day of diagnosis. 78.8% (41/52) patients received cesarean section, 53.6% (22/41) of which received preventive plasma transfusion before surgery and no one received artificial liver support during the treatment.
In comparison, higher frequency of 16 maternal complications, severe negative outcomes (27.3% vs. 0.9%) and newborn asphyxia (24.6% vs.0.9%) were observed in AFLP population. 3 mothers (mortality rates: 5.5%) died of multiple organ system failure and 6 fetus/infants (death rates: 9.8%) died of distress. When compared to those without negative outcomes, patients with negative fetal outcomes were younger (P = 0.042), had more singleton rates (p = 0.041), increased mean value of ALT(P = 0.011) and T-Bilirubin (P = 0.014), decreased prothrombin activity (P = 0.011). Although no statistical significance for the small sample size, there were less refractory postpartum hemorrhage (0% vs.31.3%), hysterectomy (0% vs.12.5%), negative maternal outcomes (16.7% vs.56.3%) in patients underwent intrauterine balloon tamponade when postpartum hemorrhage exceeded 500 ml.

Conclusions
Several symptoms were found to be the main prodromal symptoms of AFLP. Higher frequency of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes was observed in mothers with AFLP than mothers without AFLP. We found five potential risk factors of negative fetal outcomes.