bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposals to Improve Load and Cavitation Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis With Moving Reference Frame of a Conventional Propeller
Authors: Machado Lucas do Vale , Fernandes Antonio Carlos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA very interesting topic in naval architecture is propeller's choice. The engineering team must pay attention to several characteristics of the vessel to properly choose the most effective propeller for that specific application. At the beginning of the Second World War, the diagrams of a well-known propeller, the B-Series propeller, were published. They were tested at the Netherlands Ship Model Basin in Wageningen, and this led to the development of multiple polynomial regression analysis to predict propeller characteristics. Until today this propeller is studied because it possesses satisfactory efficiency and adequate cavitation properties. In addition, its open-water characteristics (KT, KQ, and η0) are easy to obtain. The main goal is to evaluate the usefulness of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to gather the open-water characteristics, from the design of the propeller on prototype scale, considering cavitation to data analysis and verification and validation of the characteristic curves. A Microsoft Excel tool was developed to draw any B-Series propeller. For this work, the B3.80 was used. CFD results were verified using Richardson Extrapolation and then validated. To this end, the open-water characteristics were used and the numerical results showed a fairly good agreement with the experimental data. The cavitation results were in agreement with the Burrill diagram in most of the cases. The characteristic curves of the cases where cavitation occurred were similar to those shown in the Principles of Naval Architecture (PNA) (Lewis, E. V., 1988, Principles of Naval Architecture, The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers). Other interesting results of this propeller are also shown, e.g., pressure distribution, streamlines.
Tribological Performances of Graphite and Hexagonal Boron Nitride Particles in the Presence of Liquid
Authors: Nomede-Martyr Nadiege , Bilas Philippe , Thomas Philippe , Minatchy Georges , Romana Laurence 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article focused on the effects of the presence of liquid on tribological performances of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) particles at ambient atmosphere. Two tribological tests conditions have been evaluated with AISI 52100 steel materials. In dry conditions for lubrication tests with pure particles and liquid conditions a drop of liquid is added before or during the friction tests. In dry conditions, graphite and hBN have two different tribological performances, while whatever was the type of liquid in liquid conditions, they are similar: μpure graphite ≈ 0.09 and μpure hBN ≈ 0.42, while μgraphite+liquid ≈ μhBN+liquid ≈ 0.06. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations bring out weak influence of sliding mechanical constraints for tribofilms built in the presence of the liquid. Different hypotheses have been investigated; tribo-intercalation, influence of adsorption, lubrication by hydrogen, and action of the liquid. The simultaneous presence of liquid and particles induces friction mechanism inside the tribofilm reducing friction due to its nanostructuration.
Acoustic Vibration of Hexagonal Nanoparticles With Damping and Imperfect Interface Effects
Authors: Zhu Feng , Pan Ernian , Qian Zhenghua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, acoustic vibration of hexagonal nanoparticles is investigated. In terms of the spherical system of vector functions, the first-order differential equation with constant coefficients for a layered sphere is obtained via variable transformation and mass conservation. The propagation matrix method is then used to obtain the vibration equation in the multilayered system. Further utilizing a new root-searching algorithm, the present solution is first compared to the existing solution for a uniform and isotropic sphere. It is shown that, by increasing the sublayer number, the present solution approaches the exact one. After validating the formulation and program, we investigate the acoustic vibration characteristics in nanoparticles. These include the effects of material anisotropy, damping, and core–shell imperfect interface on the vibration frequency and modal shapes of the displacements and tractions.
A Test Rig for the Experimental Investigation on the Nonlinear Dynamics in the Presence of Large Contact Interfaces and Numerical Models Validation
Authors: Firrone Christian Maria , Battiato Giuseppe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The simulation of the coupling between components modeled by finite elements (FEs) plays an important role for the prediction of the forced response of the assembly in terms of resonant frequencies, vibration amplitudes, and damping. This is particularly critical when the time-varying stress distribution must be limited for vibrating components with thin thickness coupled with large contacts. Typical examples can be found in aeronautical structures (plates, panels, and bladed disk components) assembled with bolted flanges, riveted lap joints, or joints without hole discontinuities like rail-hook joints, lace wire sealings, and strip dampers. In this paper, a new test rig is introduced for the experimental validation of a reduced-order model (ROM) based on the Gram–Schmidt Interface (GSI) modes applied to a friction contact whose dimensions are not negligible with respect to the size of the substructures. In this case, classical approaches like Craig–Bampton technique might be not effective in reducing the size of the problem when many contact nodes subjected to nonlinear contact loads cannot be omitted. The technique is implemented in a solution scheme in the frequency domain using penalty contact elements and the harmonic balance method. The preload on the joint is produced by permanent magnets to enhance the friction contact without introducing uncertainties due to bolting. Measurements are compared with the ROM simulations and with standard time-domain integration of the full FE model. The advantage of using the GSI technique is shown in terms of time computation and accuracy of the simulation.
Pairing Directional Solar Inputs From Ray Tracing to Solar Receiver/Reactor Heat Transfer Models on Unstructured Meshes: Development and Case Studies
Authors: Bush H. Evan , Schrader Andrew J. , Loutzenhiser Peter G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A novel method for pairing surface irradiation and volumetric absorption from Monte Carlo ray tracing to computational heat transfer models is presented. The method is well-suited to directionally and spatially complex concentrated radiative inputs (e.g., solar receivers and reactors). The method employs a generalized algorithm for directly mapping absorbed rays from a Monte Carlo ray tracing model to boundary or volumetric source terms in the computational mesh. The algorithm is compatible with unstructured, two and three-dimensional meshes with varying element shapes. Four case studies were performed on a directly irradiated, windowed solar thermochemical reactor model to validate the method. The method was shown to conserve energy and preserve spatial variation when mapping rays from a Monte Carlo ray tracing model to a computational heat transfer model in ansys fluent.
Factors affecting central corneal thickness measurement agreement between Scheimpflug imaging and ultrasound pachymetry in keratoconus
Authors: Sorkin Nir , Ohri Anamika , Jung Hyejung , Haines Lacey , Sorbara Luigina , Mimouni Michael , Singal Neera , Hatch Wendy ,   KEI CXL Working Group
Published: September 2020

PurposeTo evaluate the agreement of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement between Scheimpflug imaging and ultrasound (U/S) pachymetry in keratoconic eyes, and investigate factors that affect the agreement.MethodsThis post hoc analysis within a prospective, observational non-randomised study preformed at the Kensington Eye Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, included crosslinking candidates with progressive keratoconus (KC). Main outcome measures were the agreement of CCT measurement between Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and U/S pachymetry (PachPen 24–5100, Accutome Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA), and factors that affect the agreement.ResultsA total of 794 keratoconic eyes of 456 subjects with a mean age of 27.6±8.0 years (69.7% males and 49.6% right eyes) were included. Agreement between devices was moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient: 74.9%, Bland–Altman limits
of agreement: −48.5 μm to +62.5 μm). In a multivariable analysis, cone decentration (p<0.001, coefficient +10.13 [+6.73 to +13.53 95% CIs]) and Kmax (p<0.001, coefficient +0.68 [+0.46 to +0.90 95% CIs]) were significantly associated (both clinically and statistically) with the level of agreement between the devices; the discrepancy in CCT between the devices increased on average by 10.13 μm for every mm of cone decentration, and by 6.8 μm for every 10D of Kmax. Age, corneal astigmatism and spherical equivalent were statistically but not clinically significant factors affecting agreement.ConclusionThe agreement of CCT measurement between Scheimpflug imaging and U/S pachymetry in KC was moderate. To ensure the safety of crosslinking in keratoconic corneas, Scheimpflug and U/S CCT measurements should not be used interchangeably, especially in steep corneas and corneas with decentred cones.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk for major depressive disorder in women than in men
Authors: Deischinger Carola , Dervic Elma , Leutner Michael , Kosi-Trebotic Lana , Klimek Peter , Kautzky Alexander , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionBoth diabetes mellitus and being female significantly increase the risk of being diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). The diagnosis of MDD, combined with diabetes mellitus, can be detrimental in terms of mortality and morbidity. We aimed at investigating the impact of diabetes mellitus on the gender gap in MDD over the course of a human lifetime.Research design and methodsIn a cross-sectional study over the course of 17 years, medical claims data of the general Austrian population (n=8 996 916) between 1997 and 2014 was analyzed. Of these, 123 232 patients with diabetes mellitus were extracted and compared with non-diabetic controls.ResultsIn a cohort of 123 232 patients with diabetes mellitus and 1 933 218 controls (52% females, 48% males), women with diabetes had 2.55 times increased ORs to be diagnosed with MDD compared with women without diabetes (95% CI 2.48 to 2.62, p<0.001) between the age of 30 and 69 years. The effect of diabetes mellitus on the prevalence of MDD was significantly smaller in men (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.80 to 1.91, p<0.001). Between 0 and 30 years and after age 70 years, the gender gap of MDD was not different between patients with and without diabetes mellitus. The peak of the gender gap in MDD in patients with diabetes mellitus was around the age of 40–49 years. A sensitivity analysis identified overweight, obesity and alcohol dependence as the most potent influencing factors of the widening of the gender gap among patients with diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus is a stronger risk factor for MDD in women than in men, with the greatest width of the gender gap between 40 and 49 years. High-risk patients for MDD, such as overweight female patients with diabetes, should be more carefully assessed and monitored.
Psychiatric care use among migrants to Sweden compared with Swedish-born residents: a longitudinal cohort study of 5 150 753 people
Authors: Hollander Anna-Clara , Mackay Euan , Sjöqvist Hugo , Kirkbride James B , Bäärnhielm Sofie , Dalman Christina 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundTo investigate differences in psychiatric care use over time between Swedish born and those born abroad who migrate to Sweden.MethodsPopulation-based cohort study analysing linked population and health registers, following individuals born 1944–1990 from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2016. Time-stratified survival analysis using Cox regression estimated time to psychiatric care use. Population included 5 150 753 individuals with 78.1% Swedish born. Migrant status was coded as Swedish born or migrant. Migrants were grouped by year of immigration and region of origin. The main outcome: psychiatric care use, defined as any psychiatric care; psychiatric inpatient or outpatient care; or use of psychotropics.ResultsMigrants arriving before 2005 had a higher use of any psychiatric care relative to Swedish born but migrants arriving 2005 onwards had lower use. Migrants from sub-Saharan Africa and Asia had a lower use of any psychiatric care during the first decade in Sweden whereas migrants from Middle East and North Africa had a higher use, driven by use of psychotropics.ConclusionsThe lower use of psychiatric care during the first decade contrasts with higher use among migrants with a longer duration of stay. Psychiatric care use among migrants should be analysed multi-dimensionally, taking duration of stay, region of origin and type of care into account.
Associations between job demands, job resources and patient-related burnout among physicians: results from a multicentre observational study
Authors: Scheepers Renée , Silkens Milou , van den Berg Joost , Lombarts Kiki 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate associations of job demands and resources with patient-related burnout among physicians.DesignMulticentre observational study.SettingFifty medical departments at 14 (academic and non-academic) hospitals in the Netherlands.ParticipantsFour hundred sixty-five physicians (71.6% response rate), comprising 385 (82.8%) medical specialists and 80 (17.2%) residents.Main outcome measuresJob demands (workload and bureaucratic demands), job resources (participation in decision making, development opportunities, leader’s inspiration, relationships with colleagues and patients)—measured with the validated Questionnaire of Experience and Evaluation of Work and Physician Worklife Survey—and patient-related burnout, measured using the validated Copenhagen Burnout Inventory.ResultsPatient-related burnout was positively associated with workload (b=0.36; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.48; p<0.001) and negatively associated with development opportunities (b=–0.18; 95% CI, –0.27 to –0.08; p<0.001) and relationships with patients (b=–0.12; 95% CI, –0.22 to –0.03; p=0.01). Relationships with patients moderated the association between bureaucratic demands and patient-related burnout (b=–0.15; 95% CI, –0.27 to –0.04; p=0.01).ConclusionsPhysicians with high workloads and few development opportunities reported higher levels of patient-related burnout. Those with positive patient relationships were less likely to experience patient-related burnout, even in the presence of excessive bureaucracy. Therefore, positive physician–patient relationships may be supported to reduce the likelihood of physicians’ patient-related burnout. However, the specific support needed to effectively reduce patient-related burnout may vary per healthcare context and thus requires intensified research across healthcare systems and settings.
Analysis of medical services provided to patients with ankle sprains in Korea between 2015 and 2017: a cross-sectional study of the health insurance review and assessment service national patient sample database
Authors: Ryu Ho-sun , Jung Boyoung , Yeo Jiyoon , Kim Jae-Hong , Nam Dongwoo , Ha In-Hyuk 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo provide useful information for policy-makers and clinicians by analysing the medical service use—divided into Western medicine (WM) and Korean medicine (KM)—of patients with ankle sprains in South Korea between 2015 and 2017.DesignCross-sectional, retrospective, observational study.SettingTertiary hospitals, WM hospitals, WM clinics, KM hospitals, KM clinics and others in South Korea.ParticipantsWe analysed claim data and patient information from the 2015 to 2017 Health Insurance Review and Assessment National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) dataset, including 151 415 patients diagnosed with a ‘dislocation, sprain and strain of joints and ligaments at ankle and foot level’ (10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases code S93) who used medical services at least once in 3 years between January 2015 and December 2017 in South Korea.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCost of medical care, number of consultations, type of institution visited, types of treatment.ResultsThere were 160 200 consultations and 53 044 patients in 2015, 149 956 consultations and 50 830 patients in 2016 and 140 651 consultations and 47 541 patients in 2017. The total treatment costs were US$3 355 044.21, US$3 245 827.70 and US$3 128 938.46 in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The most common age was 10–19 years. The most frequent type of visit was KM outpatient visit (56%). Physiotherapy was most common in WM outpatient visits, while acupuncture was most common in KM visits. Most patients used one institution, rather than alternating between WM and KM.ConclusionsBy identifying the trends and costs of treatment methods used for ankle sprains and comparing WM and KM, our data provide basic information for future health policy-making. In addition, the duality of the Korean medical system is highlighted as a possible cause of increased costs.
Validating e-norms methodology in ophthalmic biometry
Authors: Shammas H John , Jabre Joe F 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo validate the extrapolated norms or e-norms methodology in establishing a reference range for the biometric data used for intraocular lens power calculation.Methods and AnalysisAll measurements were performed with an optical low-coherence reflectometer. A novel technique, the e-norms methodology, was used to determine the normative values of measurements.ResultsEyes (n=500) were measured to evaluate the axial length (AL), K readings (Ks), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT). Using the e-norms methodology, the normal AL ranged from 22.50 to 24.50 mm (mean=23.50 mm), with medium-long eyes between 24.51 and 24.99 mm and the long eyes measuring 25.00 mm and longer; the medium-short eyes ranged from 22.01 and 22.49 mm, with the short eyes measuring 22.00 mm and shorter. Normal values ranged from 2.50 to 3.50 mm for ACD (mean=3.00 mm), from 4.40 to 5.44 mm for LT (mean=4.92 mm), and from 42.50 to 44.82 dioptres for Ks (mean=43.66 dioptres).ConclusionMeasurements of the biometric mean values compared favourably with published data. The e-norms methodology assisted in establishing a biometric reference range. Furthermore, it allowed us to cluster patients into groups based on AL differences.
Entre Parentes, quem?
Authors: Signori Amanda 
Published: September 2020

Resenha do filme dirigido por Tiago de Aragão, Entre parentes (2018, Brasil, cor, 27 min.) Resenha do curta-metragem Entre Parentes dirigido por Tiago de Aragão, da Universidade Federal de Brasília, que recebeu o segundo lugar no Prêmio Pierre Verger na 31ª Reunião Brasileira de Antropologia. Acompanhando caminhos que o cineasta percorre e observa, somos provocados por cenas de uma guerra instaurada, que evoca lugares e posições. Em uma guerra não há meio termo e o contexto em si, anuncia o final do mês de abril, em 2017, passado um ano do impeachment da ex-presidente Dilma, que retirou a primeira mulher eleita na história do país. Ocasião mesma em que Brasília recebia o 14º Acampamento Terra Livre, tendo sido a maior mobilização coletiva entre os povos indígenas do Brasil e seus aliados.
Effects of a Feedback-Demanding Stroke Clock on Acute Stroke Management
Authors: Fousse Mathias , Grün Daniel , Helwig Stefan A. , Walter Silke , Bekhit Adam , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Lesmeister Martin , Kettner Michael , Roumia Safwan , Mühl-Benninghaus Ruben , Simgen Andreas , Yilmaz Umut , Ruckes Christian , Kronfeld Kai , Bachhuber Monika , Grunwald Iris Q. , Bertsch Thomas , Reith Wolfgang , Fassbender Klaus 
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose:
This randomized study aimed to evaluate whether the use of a stroke clock demanding active feedback from the stroke physician accelerates acute stroke management.

Methods:
For this randomized controlled study, a large-display alarm clock was installed in the computed tomography room, where admission, diagnostic work-up, and intravenous thrombolysis occurred. Alarms were set at the following target times after admission: (1) 15 minutes (neurological examination completed); (2) 25 minutes (computed tomography scanning and international normalized ratio determination by point-of-care laboratory completed); and (3) 30 minutes (intravenous thrombolysis started). The responsible stroke physician had to actively provide feedback by pressing a buzzer button. The alarm could be avoided by pressing the button before time out. Times to therapy decision (primary end point, defined as the end of all diagnostic work-up required for decision for or against recanalizing treatment), neurological examination, imaging, point-of-care laboratory, needle, and groin puncture were assessed by a neutral observer. Functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale) was assessed at day 90.

Results:

Of 107 participants, 51 stroke clock patients exhibited better stroke-management metrics than 56 control patients. Times from door to (1) end of all indicated diagnostic work-up (treatment decision time; 16.73 versus 26.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), (2) end of neurological examination (7.28 versus 10.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), (3) end of computed tomography (11.17 versus 14.00 minutes,
P
=0.002), (4) end of computed tomography angiography (14.00 versus 17.17 minutes,
P
=0.001), (5) end of point-of-care laboratory testing (12.14 versus 20.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), and (6) needle times (18.83 versus 47.00 minutes,
P
=0.016) were improved. In contrast, door-to-groin puncture times and functional outcomes at day 90 were not significantly different.

Conclusions:
This study showed that the use of a stroke clock demanding active feedback significantly improves acute stroke-management metrics and, thus, represents a potential low-cost strategy for streamlining time-sensitive stroke treatment.
Chatting at Church: Information Diffusion through Religious Networks
Authors: Murphy David M. A. , Nourani Vesall , Lee David R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper shows the causal relationship between mutual religious association and the formation of social ties. We analyze dyadic relationships and show that joint attendance at a religious institution (RI) increases the probability of sharing information with and trusting a peer. We use a novel spatial instrumental variable strategy that combines insights from homestead inheritance institutions with triangular distances between peers and RI locations within villages in Kenya. We find that shared attendance at an RI increases the likelihood of receiving advice from a peer by 30 percentage points, demonstrating the strong impact of weak ties formed through social spaces.
Endogenous Technological Change and the New Keynesian Model
Authors: Okada Toshihiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper develops and estimates a New Keynesian (NK) model with endogenous technology. It shows that introducing endogenous technology can solve three important puzzles that conventional NK models face: the inflation persistence, disinflationary news shock, and zero lower bound (ZLB) supply shock. First, the observed persistence in inflation is explained without relying on the conventional NK models' additional assumptions (e.g., backward price indexation). Second, it explains the observed disinflationary effect of a news shock. Third, the model avoids the conventional NK models' paradoxical, empirically inconsistent prediction that a negative supply shock is expansionary at the ZLB on interest rates.