bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B082: Association of CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in triple-negative breast cancer and racial disparity
Authors: Mir Hina , Thomas Jeronay K , Kapur Neeraj , Johnson Anita T , Singh Shailesh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common cancer in women worldwide and remains an important global health issue. The American Cancer Society recorded 252,710 new cases of BrCa in the United States in 2017, with 40,610 deaths. Though the incidence of BrCa is higher in Caucasian American (CA), African American (AA) women are often diagnosed with more aggressive TNBC at a younger age. Also, in absence of targeted therapies, cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the backbone of treatment for TNBC. But the median survival of women with advanced TNBC remains dismal. Androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential target for treating TNBC; higher AR expression is a favorable prognostic factor associated with a lower clinical stage, lower histologic grade, and lower mitotic score. Several novel anti-androgenic agents alone or in combination with other agents are currently under investigation. Unfortunately, anti-AR therapies are not as beneficial in AA since AR is often low or missing in AA TNBC. Also, outcome of TNBC in AA is worse than CA, which suggests racial differences in the molecular landscape of TNBC between the two races. Hence, defining the molecular differences in TNBC between racial/ethnic groups is vital in order to effectively reduce the observed disparity in BrCa outcome. There are strong indications of a positive linkage between chemokine, cancer and metastasis. Chemokine receptor CXCR6 and its natural ligand CXCL16 are overexpressed in many cancer cells. We have shown that CXCR6 and CXCL16 axis promotes cancer by cytoskeleton rearrangement and its significance in etiopathogenesis of BrCa is well established. Goal of this study was to establish the association of CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in BrCa disparity using TCGA data and BrCa cell lines. We show overexpression of CXCR6 and CXCL16 in BrCa tissues and cell lines. Expression was higher in AA TNBC compared to CA TNBC cell lines. TCGA data confirms higher CXCR6 and CXCL16 expression in AA compared to CA BrCa and inverse association between androgen receptor (AR) and CXCR6 expression. Low AR expression was found in TNBC expressing high CXCR6 and CXCL16. In addition to this, differential phosphorylation status of signaling molecules down stream of CXCR6 in AA and CA TNBC cells was observed. In conclusion, our work highlights association of CXCR6/CXCL16 in race specific biological differences and emphasizes the potential of CXCR6/CXCL16 as a target to reduce the racial gap in TNBC outcome.
Citation Format: Hina Mir, Jeronay K Thomas, Neeraj Kapur, Anita T Johnson, Shailesh Singh. Association of CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in triple-negative breast cancer and racial disparity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B082.
Abstract B100: Developing an integrated understanding of access to care and tumor characteristics patterns by race and age in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase III, 2008 – 2013
Authors: Emerson Marc A , Golightly Yvonne M , Tan Xianming , Aiello Allison E , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E , Olshan Andrew F , Earp Shelley A , Troester Melissa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Understanding breast cancer mortality disparities by race and age is complex due to disease heterogeneity, comorbid disease, and the range of factors influencing access to care. We compared socioeconomic status (SES) and comorbidity factors from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase III (CBCS3, 2008-2013) to North Carolina and examined factors related to race and age in CBCS. Methods: Distributions of SES and comorbidity factors in CBCS3 cases were compared to those of North Carolina women in the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study. Using latent class analysis of CBCS3 data, we identified covariate patterns by SES/comorbidities, barriers to care, and tumor characteristics and examined their associations with race and age using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Major SES and comorbidity patterns in CBCS3 participants were generally similar to patterns in the state. Latent classes were identified for SES/comorbidities, barriers to care, and tumor characteristics that varied by race and age. Compared to white women, black women had lower SES (odds ratio (OR)=6.3, 95% confidence interval (CI); 5.2, 7.8), more barriers to care (OR=5.6, 95% CI; 3.9, 8.1) and several aggregated tumor aggressiveness features. Compared to older women, younger women had higher SES (OR=0.5, 95% CI; 0.4, 0.6), more barriers to care (OR=2.1, 95% CI; 1.6, 2.9) and aggregated tumor aggressiveness features. Conclusions: CBCS3 is representative of North Carolina on comparable factors. Patterns of access to care and tumor characteristics are intertwined with race and age, suggesting that interventions to address disparities will need to target both access and biology.
Citation Format: Marc A Emerson, Yvonne M Golightly, Xianming Tan, Allison E Aiello, Katherine E Reeder-Hayes, Andrew F Olshan, Shelley A Earp, Melissa Troester. Developing an integrated understanding of access to care and tumor characteristics patterns by race and age in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase III, 2008 – 2013 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B100.
Abstract B111: Integrated molecular approach to identify biologic factors contributing to breast cancer disparities in Chicago
Authors: Casiano Ashlie M Santaliz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
African American (AA) women have much higher risk of death from estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer than non-Hispanic white (Caucasian) women even though these racial groups have same incidence rates. The aim of this study is to explore whether there are racial differences in biological mechanisms that drive ER+ breast cancer and if they might be linked to a higher rate of metastasis and resistance to endocrine therapy. Eligible cases -AA and white women, aged 20-79, with a new diagnosis of stage I-III ER+ breast cancer- were recruited from 3 cancer institutions in Chicago. Control subjects -AA and white women presenting for a screening mammogram without breast symptoms and no history of cancer- have been recruited from the corresponding mammography centers. Serum was collected from AA and white cases and controls in order to conduct a metabolomics and proteomics analysis to identify oncometabolites that might promote aggressive phenotypes in ER/PR breast cancer cells. A follow up on previously established protocol and results from a total of new 266 subjects will be presented.
Citation Format: Ashlie M Santaliz Casiano. Integrated molecular approach to identify biologic factors contributing to breast cancer disparities in Chicago [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B111.
Abstract B118: Characteristics of patients with pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH): A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bukenya George , Hufnagel Demetra , Anyawu Nneka , Kurita Stephanie , Beeghly-Fadiel Alicia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a proliferative mesenchymal lesion of the breast histologically defined by dense collagenous stroma with spindle-shaped myofibroblasts. Characterization of patients with PASH has largely been limited to histologic and radiographic studies with small sample sizes due to the rarity of this benign condition. Furthermore, no existing studies of PASH have yet to consider race. Objectives: We undertook this study to identify subjects with PASH from electronic medical records (EMR) at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) and evaluate patient characteristics, including differences by race. Approach: We used natural language processing (NLP)-assisted searches to identify 283 subjects with pathology reports containing ‘PASH’ or ‘pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia’. Results: We confirmed PASH by pathology report for 229 subjects (80.9%). The majority were Caucasian women, although 24 African Americans (10.5%) and 4 males (1.7%) with PASH were also identified. A total of 27 (11.8%) had a diagnosis of cancer as some point in their EMR, most frequently breast (74.1%) or thyroid (14.8%) cancer. The median age at PASH diagnosis was 45.4 years (range: 12.9-84.6) but this seemed lower among Asians (31.4 years). PASH was found more frequently in the left breast (54.8%) and was ascertained most often by core needle biopsy (76.0%), stereotactic needle biopsy (11.8%), or excision (7.0%). Among initially biopsied patients, 20 (9.9%) and 39 (19.3%) had subsequent biopsies and excisions, respectively. No significant differences in any of these characteristics by race were identified. Conclusions: This data confirms that PASH is not exclusive to Caucasians and suggests that patient characteristics do not differ by race. Analysis of additional characteristics and patient outcomes, with inclusion of EMR time, is currently underway.
Citation Format: George Bukenya, Demetra Hufnagel, Nneka Anyawu, Stephanie Kurita, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel. Characteristics of patients with pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH): A retrospective cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B118.
Abstract C019: The battle of multiple myeloma means impeccable strength
Authors: Sarrabo Yolanda Brunson 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The battle of multiple myeloma means impeccable strength is- The Battle=Though the disease has our bodies captive and our minds unsure of the future. We’re stuck in how do we move forward, as the writing seems to be clear on the wall. We see death immediately. Impeccable Strength= Once the cries and whys are taken care of that a patient calls on their inner core and strength to bring them to a different mindset. This journey may be different like no other, and a revelation of what you’re really made of is about to take center stage. The time to be a warrior is now with dignity and grace.
Citation Format: Yolanda Brunson Sarrabo. The battle of multiple myeloma means impeccable strength [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C019.
Abstract C062: Silent sanctuary city—impacts on women’s healthcare
Authors: Dauria Mary Kay 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Houston is world renowned as a city on the cutting edge of medical research and top tier medical facilities. But there is another story. Over 38% of residents of Houston speak a language other than English. A vast majority of this population are not able to get medical insurance and do not get regular health screenings. Although federal monies are available to provide free mammograms and PAP tests for the uninsured, Texas stipulates that a valid Texas ID must be presented to get access. This poster addresses the impact a dedicated group of volunteer medical and lay staff are making to serve the underserved.
Citation Format: Mary Kay Dauria. Silent sanctuary city—impacts on women’s healthcare [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C062.
Abstract C066: Association of ethnic density with social support and social isolation among Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia
Authors: Tseng Marilyn , Walton Emily , Fang Carolyn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Asian American population is the fastest growing minority population in the US. Mental health status in Asian Americans is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of physical health outcomes, but it is understudied in Asian Americans, who are also less likely to seek treatment for mental health problems. Ethnic enclave residence is thought to be protective by providing greater social support and reducing social isolation, but evidence for this is limited and inconsistent, and few studies have focused on Asian immigrants. Our objective was to examine whether Chinese immigrants in areas of higher ethnic density report greater social support and less social isolation. Our analysis included 640 men and women recruited 1/16-5/19 through community organizations and contacts throughout the Philadelphia region. Residences were geocoded and linked to American Community Survey data from 2013-2017. Ethnic density was operationalized as percent of Census tract residents who were Chinese and categorized into quintiles. Social support was assessed using the Provisions of Social Relations scale, which captures support from family and friends, and low social support was defined as a score in the lowest quintile. Social isolation was assessed using a 17-item scale measuring social disconnectedness and perceived isolation, and high social isolation was defined as a score in the highest quintile. We ran logistic regression models using Generalized Estimating Equations to account for clustering within Census tracts, adjusting for age, sex, and at the Census tract level, median household income and percent of adults in poverty. We found that participants in the highest vs. lowest quintile of ethnic density (mean 12.6% vs. &lt;1% Chinese in Census tract) were less likely to report low social support (odds ratio (OR) 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21, 0.75, trend p=0.02), and also less likely to report high social isolation (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.17, 0.92, trend p=0.056). Despite suggestive trend p-values, however, ORs did not decrease in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings support the possibility that ethnic enclaves provide social resources that may protect against mental or even physical health problems. Lack of dose-dependence, however, indicates that the association is more complex and merits further exploration.
Citation Format: Marilyn Tseng, Emily Walton, Carolyn Fang. Association of ethnic density with social support and social isolation among Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C066.
Abstract C072: Maximum body mass index and breast cancer incidence in Black women
Authors: Gathirua-Mwangi Wambui G. , Palmer Julie R. , Champion Victoria , Adams-Campbell Lucile L. , Marley Andrew , Forman Michele , Rosenberg Lynn , Bertrand Kimberly A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is high in African American (AA) women. Excess weight is an established risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (and inversely associated with premenopausal breast cancer), but studies of recent body mass index (BMI) in AA women have shown relatively modest associations. The use of maximum BMI attained during adulthood, which is less likely to be influenced by recent illness, has been suggested as an alternative exposure metric and has yielded stronger associations for some outcomes. Whether maximum BMI attained during adulthood is associated with risk of breast cancer has not yet been evaluated. Methods: We evaluated associations of maximum BMI attained during follow-up with incidence of all breast cancer and with breast cancer subtypes in 56,919 AA women in the prospective Black Women’s Health Study. From 1995 to 2013, we identified a total of 2708 breast cancers, of which 2008 were invasive cancers, including 1446 estrogen receptor (ER) positive and 652 ER negative. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations by ER status and menopausal status. Results: Compared to a maximum BMI of &lt;25 kg/m², having a maximum BMI of ≥35 kg/m² (Obese II) was associated with increased risk of ER+ (HR=1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.59) and postmenopausal breast cancer (HR=1.38, 95% CI 1.12-1.70), after adjustment for BMI at age 18 and other breast cancer risk factors. The association of maximum BMI with ER+ breast cancer was observed among postmenopausal women (HR=1.63, 95% CI 1.24-2.15) but not premenopausal women. The associations observed for maximum BMI were stronger in magnitude than associations for recent BMI in the same dataset. Conclusion: A maximum attained BMI of ≥35 kg/m² is associated with substantially increased risk of ER+ breast cancer among postmenopausal AA women. These findings provide new insights into the impact of obesity on breast cancer risk in this population, and suggest that maximum BMI may be a useful metric for understanding associations between adiposity and breast cancer risk.
Citation Format: Wambui G. Gathirua-Mwangi, Julie R. Palmer, Victoria Champion, Lucile L. Adams-Campbell, Andrew Marley, Michele Forman, Lynn Rosenberg, Kimberly A. Bertrand. Maximum body mass index and breast cancer incidence in Black women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C072.
Abstract C076: Effect of obesity and inflammation on prostate cancer disease risk and mortality among African and European American men
Authors: Pichardo Margaret S , Minas Tsion , Tang Wei , Dorsey Tiffany , Cook Michael , Ambs Stefan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of cancer death in U.S. men. Age-adjusted mortality rates for men of African ancestry (40.8 per 100,000) are more than twice that of men of European ancestry (18.2 per 100,000). Men of African ancestry are more likely to have advanced stage cancer at diagnosis and lower prostate cancer survival rates relative to men of European ancestry of similar age and stage at diagnosis. Risk factors that may explain this survival disparity remain poorly understood. Obesity, a major risk factor for cancer development, aggressiveness and progression, disproportionately affects US men of African ancestry. Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity are higher among men of African ancestry (38.0%) compared to men of European ancestry (34.7%). While it has been previously suggested that obesity may worsen disease-related outcomes among prostate cancer patients, the relationship of obesity and prostate cancer mortality remains unclear, with studies showing mixed or null results in men of African ancestry. Less is known about the underlying biological mechanisms that may contribute to the racial differences observed in the link between obesity and prostate cancer. We previously reported an obesity paradox among African-American men in the NCI-Maryland Prostate Cancer-Case Control Study, with overweight and obese men having a lower risk of being diagnosed with the disease. Here, using Cox proportional hazard regression modeling, we estimated the risk of a PCa mortality for the 976 cases in the study. Our primary analysis suggests an obesity paradox, where obesity may protect against disease mortality among the African-American men. In subsequent analyses, we will examine the role of immune and inflammation markers in mediating or moderating the observed relationship of obesity with PCa in these men.
Citation Format: Margaret S Pichardo, Tsion Minas, Wei Tang, Tiffany Dorsey, Michael Cook, Stefan Ambs. Effect of obesity and inflammation on prostate cancer disease risk and mortality among African and European American men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C076.
Abstract C104: A community guide systematic review of interventions engaging community health workers to increase appropriate breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening: Findings in underserved populations
Authors: Cobb Jamaicia , Peng Yinan , Okasako-Schmucker Devon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Underserved adults in the United States are disproportionately not up-to-date with cancer screening. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of interventions engaging community health workers (CHWs) to increase breast, cervical and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, especially among underserved populations. Methods: Potentially relevant publications were identified through a literature search from 1960 to July 2017. Included studies reported recent or repeat breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer screening. CHWs were recruited from or had close knowledge of the intervention community, received training to become a CHW, and implemented part or all of the intervention. Stratified analyses were conducted to examine intervention effectiveness among underserved populations. Results: Sixty-six studies with seventy study arms were included. Overall, screening rates increased for all three cancer types. Majority of the included studies examined interventions implemented among underserved populations. These interventions were effective for study populations that were 100% minority or majority minority (median increase of 12.8pct pts across cancer types, 51 study arms), majority low income (median increase of 12.7pct pts across cancer types, 30 study arms), majority uninsured (median increase of 15.0pct pts across cancer types, 12 study arms), or lived in rural areas (median increase of 10.2pct pts across cancer types, 12 study arms). Conclusions: Interventions engaging CHWs were effective in increasing breast, cervical, and CRC screening for underserved populations.
Citation Format: Jamaicia Cobb, Yinan Peng, Devon Okasako-Schmucker. A community guide systematic review of interventions engaging community health workers to increase appropriate breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening: Findings in underserved populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C104.