bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species richness in North Atlantic fish: Process concealed by pattern
Authors: Gislason Henrik , Collie Jeremy , MacKenzie Brian R. , Nielsen Anders , Borges Maria de Fatima , Bottari Teresa , Chaves Corina , Dolgov Andrey V. , Dulčić Jakov , Duplisea Daniel , Fock Heino O. , Gascuel Didier , Gil de Sola Luís , Hiddink Jan Geert , ter Hofstede Remment , Isajlović Igor , Jonasson Jónas Páll , Jørgensen Ole , Kristinsson Kristján , Marteinsdottir Gudrun , Masski Hicham , Matić‐Skoko Sanja , Payne Mark R. , Peharda Melita , Reinert Jakup , Sólmundsson Jón , Silva Cristina , Stefansdottir Lilja , Velasco Francisco , Vrgoč Nedo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimPrevious analyses of marine fish species richness based on presence‐absence data have shown changes with latitude and average species size, but little is known about the underlying processes. To elucidate these processes we use metabolic, neutral and descriptive statistical models to analyse how richness responds to maximum species length, fish abundance, temperature, primary production, depth, latitude and longitude, while accounting for differences in species catchability, sampling effort and mesh size.DataResults from 53,382 bottom trawl hauls representing 50 fish assemblages.LocationThe northern Atlantic from Nova Scotia to Guinea.Time period1977–2013.MethodsA descriptive generalized additive model was used to identify functional relationships between species richness and potential drivers, after which nonlinear estimation techniques were used to parameterize: (a) a ‘best’ fitting model of species richness built on the functional relationships, (b) an environmental model based on latitude, longitude and depth, and mechanistic models based on (c) metabolic and (d) neutral theory.ResultsIn the ‘best’ model the number of species observed is a lognormal function of maximum species length. It increases significantly with temperature, primary production, sampling effort, and abundance, and declines with depth and, for small species, with the mesh size in the trawl. The ‘best’ model explains close to 90% of the deviance and the neutral, metabolic and environmental models 89%. In all four models, maximum species length and either temperature or latitude account for more than half of the deviance explained.Main conclusionsThe two mechanistic models explain the patterns in demersal fish species richness in the northern Atlantic almost equally well. A better understanding of the underlying drivers is likely to require development of dynamic mechanistic models of richness and size evolution, fit not only to extant distributions, but also to historical environmental conditions and to past speciation and extinction rates.
Factors associated with oral health‐related quality of life among Lebanese community‐dwelling elderly
Authors: Mitri Rosy , Fakhoury Sayegh Nicole , Boulos Christa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the association between sociodemographic factors, health‐related characteristics, functional status and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among a representative sample of the community‐dwelling Lebanese elderly.MethodsThe study sample included 905 randomly selected community‐dwelling elderly Lebanese aged 65 or older living in Greater Beirut. The sample was selected through multi‐stage cluster sampling. Participants completed a comprehensive multi‐component questionnaire, administrated by trained interviewers, including sociodemographic factors, health characteristics, eating behaviours and functional characteristics. OHRQoL was assessed through the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire.ResultsAmong the participants, 51.6% reported poor OHRQoL. The following variables were significantly associated with poor OHRQoL: lack of health insurance (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05‐2.81); poor or average self‐rated general health (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.23‐5.41 and OR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.24‐4.16, respectively); monotony of diet (OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.02‐2.79); absence of dentures (OR = 13.78, 95% CI: 5.02‐37.84); insufficient dentures (OR = 18.19, 95%CI: 4.43‐74.68); presence of dentures (OR = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.16‐4.09); and depression (OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.26‐3.89).ConclusionThe present study revealed that a lack of health insurance, negative perception of general health, monotony of diet, denture use and depression were significantly correlated with poor OHRQoL among community‐dwelling Lebanese elderly.
Sox2 gene regulation via the D1 enhancer in embryonic neural tube and neural crest by the combined action of SOX2 and ZIC2
Authors: Iida Hideaki , Furukawa Yoko , Teramoto Machiko , Suzuki Hitomi , Takemoto Tatsuya , Uchikawa Masanori , Kondoh Hisato 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe transcription factor (TF) SOX2 regulates various stem cells and tissue progenitors via functional interactions with cell type‐specific partner TFs that co‐bind to enhancer sequences. Neural progenitors are the major embryonic tissues where SOX2 assumes central regulatory roles. In order to characterize the partner TFs of SOX2 in neural progenitors, we investigated the regulation of the D1 enhancer of the Sox2 gene, which is activated in the embryonic neural tube (NT) and neural crest (NC), using chicken embryo electroporation. We identified essential TF binding sites for a SOX, and two ZIC TFs in the activation of the D1 enhancer. By comparison of dorso‐ventral and antero‐posterior patterns of D1 enhancer activation, and the effect of mutations on the enhancer activation patterns with TF expression patterns, we determined SOX2 and ZIC2 as the major D1 enhancer‐activating TFs. Binding of these TFs to the D1 enhancer sequence was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. The combination of SOX2 and ZIC2 TFs activated the enhancer in both the NT and NC. These results indicate that SOX2 and ZIC2, which have been known to play major regulatory roles in neural progenitors, do functionally cooperate. In addition, the recently demonstrated SOX2 expression during the NC development is accounted for at least partly by the D1 enhancer activity. Deletion of the D1 enhancer sequence from the mouse genome, however, did not affect the mouse development, indicating functional redundancies of other enhancers.
Frequent KRAS mutations in oncocytic papillary renal neoplasm with inverted nuclei
Authors: Tong Kuo , Zhu Wei , Fu Hua , Cao Fang , Wang Shu , Zhou Wenxuan , Liu Chongmei , Chen Dongliang , Fan Songqing , Hu Zhongliang 
Published: January 2020

AimsPapillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) is a newly documented rare tumour type. Its molecular pathological features have thus far been very little studied.Methods and resultsThere were 13 PRNRP cases including 3 The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cases and our 10 cases in this study. The 3 TCGA cases were found by a combined analysis of GATA3 mRNA expression levels and digital slides from the TCGA papillary renal cell carcinoma project. KRAS codon 12 mutations were identified in the three PRNRPs from TCGA. Of our 10 PRNRP cases, the mutations were also discovered using Sanger sequencing in seven (77.8%) of nine cases with available DNA, where KRAS p.G12V (n = 3), p.G12D (n = 2), p.G12R (n = 1) and p.G12C (n = 1) alterations were found. PRNRP shared similar gene expression profiles with renal distal tubules via an interprofile correlation analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that genes involved in ‘KEGG aldosterone regulated sodium reabsorption’ or ‘hallmark apical surface’ were enriched in PRNRP. Moreover, polarised immunostaining patterns for L1CAM and EMA in the distal tubule were maintained in PRNRP.ConclusionsThese results imply that the tumour potentially originates from the distal tubule, especially from the cortical collecting duct, and probably retains its cell polarity, except for nuclear inversion. We therefore propose that oncocytic papillary renal neoplasm with inverted nuclei (OPRNIN) is a better name for this tumour type. OPRNIN is a kidney site‐specific KRAS mutation neoplasm different from conventional papillary renal cell carcinoma.
Sensory perception of textural properties of cosmetic Pickering emulsions
Authors: Terescenco D. , Hucher N. , Picard C. , Savary G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe increasing interest for the Pickering emulsions is based on the possibility to replace classical emulsifiers by the solid particles. This approach is extremely attractive for the cosmetic field. But, the main difficulty is to obtain stable emulsions with appreciable skin feel. However, there is no information about the texture of such systems. The aim of this study is to formulate and describe the textural properties of cosmetic Pickering emulsions compared with conventional systems.MethodsThree metal oxides were selected: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and silicon dioxide, able to form stable and totally emulsified systems. A conventional emulsifier was used to formulate the emulsion of reference. Finally, the mixture of two emulsifying systems, combining both, surfactant and particles, was also studied. Then, a sensory panel was asked to quantify the intensities of the perception of the seven discriminating attributes.ResultsEach particle brought its properties to the textural perception of the emulsion. TiO2 particles ensured the whitening effect of the emulsions, SiO2 provided the screech residue, whereas ZnO gave intermediate results. The conventional surfactant was perceived as glossy, greasy and more difficult to spread. The particle/surfactant mixtures gave mostly in‐between results.ConclusionsThe study shows that the sensory profile of Pickering emulsions is indirectly and directly governed by the particle properties used for the emulsion stabilization: indirectly, through affecting the emulsion orientation (oil in water or water in oil), the droplet organization and viscosity, and directly, through the particle perception on the skin surface.
Effect of processing parameters on microstructure and ablation behavior of SiC/ZrB2 coating for graphite
Authors: Torabi Shahla , Valefi Zia , Ehsani Naser 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this research, a SiC/ZrB2 coating was produced on graphite by reactive melt infiltration and plasma spraying method. The coating characterization was performed using XRD analysis, electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and supersonic flame ablation test at 2073 K. The results indicated that the dense C/SiC coating with good ablation resistance can be obtained at 1873 K. The coating thickness decreased with increasing infiltration temperature. The results of ablation test showed that by increasing the infiltration temperature and holding time, weight loss and mass ablation rate decreased from 22.63% to 9.83% and 3.63 × 10−3 g cm−2 s−1 to 1.34 × 10−3 g cm−2 s−1, respectively. The results showed that by using the ZrB2 as outer coating the ablation resistance improved remarkably. The weight loss and mass ablation rates for the SiC/ZrB2 coating were 12.79% and 1.857 × 10−3 g cm−2 s−1, respectively.
Microstructural evolution and sintering properties of palygorskite nanofibers
Authors: Wang Kailei , Wang Lijuan , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yuedan , Liang Jinsheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, the morphological evolution and sintering properties of the palygorskite nanofibers were studied along with the increase of temperature, using raw palygorskite as materials. The palygorskite powder was calcined at different temperatures in the range of 100°C‐1200°C, and the microstructural evolution of the palygorskite nanofibers was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG‐DTA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high‐resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). Furthermore, the palygorskite powder was shaped to bars by dry pressing and sintered from 700°C to 1200°C. The properties of the sintered palygorskite were characterized by bending strength, mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP), and stepwise isothermal dilatometry (SID). The results showed that the morphology of palygorskite nanofibers maintained unchanged till 1000°C. The palygorskite nanofibers molted to bind each other and formed a solid interwoven network structure at 1100°C. Correspondingly, it was shown from the sharply decrease of the sintered palygorskite porosity from 45.46% at 1000°C to 1.82% at 1100°C that the dense sintering of palygorskite started at 1100°C. With the sintering proceeding, some closed micropores fused each other to form bigger opening pores, resulting in a slight increase of porosity at 1200°C. However, the pore size distribution got more uniform and the density of the sintered body increased. So the bending strength of the sintered body reached the maximum of 176.67 Mpa and finally the main crystalline phases of the sintered sample changed to quartz, enstatite, and kyanite. The sintering activation energy of the palygorskite was measured by means of SID with a value of 906.46 kJ·mol−1.
Quo Vadis? A question of historical awareness
Authors: McDonald T. 
Published: January 2020

AimTo emphasize the role of history in shaping clinical nursing identity and opportunities, and encourage nurses’ contribution to the story of contemporary clinical nursing.ApproachDrawing upon history frameworks and approaches to history research, greater engagement of clinical nurses in recording nursing history is canvassed. A basic framework for developing historical research from practice narratives is suggested as a feasible option.OutcomesTopics identified: a) nurses’ awareness of their history and nursing’s professional standing; b) the importance of oral history in nursing development; and c) digital influences on history research and constructing historical narratives.ConclusionClinical nurses’ stories contribute to historical research. All nurses are responsible for gathering and distributing contemporary local narratives on clinical nursing. Oral history research provides a framework for nurses to record and share stories.ImplicationsRecorded history can prevent nursing from being trivialized or misrepresented. Missing accounts of contemporary nursing create gaps in our narrative and risk future professional disempowerment.
A reactive simheuristic using online data for a real‐life inventory routing problem with stochastic demands
Authors: Raba David , Estrada‐Moreno Alejandro , Panadero Javier , Juan Angel A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the context of a supply chain for the animal‐feed industry, this paper focuses on optimizing replenishment strategies for silos in multiple farms. Assuming that a supply chain is essentially a value chain, our work aims at narrowing this chasm and putting analytics into practice by identifying and quantifying improvements on specific stages of an animal‐feed supply chain. Motivated by a real‐life case, the paper analyses a rich multi‐period inventory routing problem with homogeneous fleet, stochastic demands, and maximum route length. After describing the problem and reviewing the related literature, we introduce a reactive heuristic, which is then extended into a biased‐randomized simheuristic. Our reactive approach is validated and tested using a series of adapted instances to explore the gap between the solutions it provides and the ones generated by existing nonreactive approaches.
Real‐time waiting‐price trading interval in a heterogeneous options market: a Bernoulli distribution
Authors: Shvimer Yossi , Herbon Avi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOptions pricing remains an open research question that is challenging for both theoreticians and practitioners. Unlike many classical binomial models that assume a “representative agent,” the model suggested herein considers two players who are heterogeneous with respect to their estimations of the distribution of the underlying asset price on expiration day, and with respect to their levels of willingness to make a transaction (eagerness level). A two‐player binomial model is developed to find the real‐time optimal option price in two stages. First, we determine a primary feasible pricing domain. We then find a narrower feasible domain, termed the “waiting‐price trading interval,” meaning the region within which the players may either wait for better offers (due to a change in market conditions or player beliefs), or make an immediate transaction. The suggested model is formulated by a nonlinear optimization problem and the optimal price is shown to be unique. We demonstrate that the counter player's eagerness level has a significant effect on the proposed optimal option price. Using empirical analysis, several known lattice‐based models for option pricing, such as CRR and Tian, are compared with the current model (herein, S‐H) in which the price offered by the model player takes into account the subjective beliefs of the opposing market player. The comparison shows significant advantages to the S‐H model in terms of the expected profit on expiration day.
Quercetin protects against diabetic encephalopathy via SIRT1/NLRP3 pathway in db/db mice
Authors: Hu Tian , Lu Xin‐Yi , Shi Jing‐Jing , Liu Xiao‐Qi , Chen Qu‐Bo , Wang Qi , Chen Yun‐Bo , Zhang Shi‐Jie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpidemiological studies have found that diabetes and cognitive dysfunction are closely related. Quercetin has been certified with the effect on improving diabetes mellitus (DM) and cognitive impairment. However, the effect and related mechanism of quercetin on diabetic encephalopathy (DE) are still ambiguous. In this study, we used the db/db mice (diabetic model) to discover whether quercetin could improve DE through the Sirtuin1/NLRP3 (NOD‐, LRR‐ and pyrin domain‐containing 3) pathway. Behavioural results (Morris water maze and new object recognition tests) showed that quercetin (70 mg/kg) improved the learning and memory. Furthermore, quercetin alleviated insulin resistance and the level of fasting blood glucose. Besides, Western blot analysis also showed that quercetin increased the protein expressions of nerve‐ and synapse‐related protein, including postsynapticdensity 93 (PSD93), postsynapticdensity 95 (PSD95), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the brain of db/db mice. Quercetin also increased the protein expression of SIRT1 and decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammation‐related proteins, including NLRP3, the adaptor protein ASC and cleaved Caspase‐1, the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the SIRT1/NLRP3 pathway may be a crucial mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of quercetin against DE.
Staphylococcus aureus facilitates its survival in bovine macrophages by blocking autophagic flux
Authors: Cai Juan , Li Jun , Zhou Yuqi , Wang Jianqiang , Li Jianji , Cui Luying , Meng Xia , Zhu Guoqiang , Wang Heng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that is the causative agent of several human and veterinary infections and plays a critical role in the clinical and subclinical mastitis of cattle. Autophagy is a conserved pathogen defence mechanism in eukaryotes. Studies have reported that S aureus can subvert autophagy and survive in cells. Staphylococcus aureus survival in cells is an important cause of chronic persistent mastitis infection. However, it is unclear whether S aureus can escape autophagy in innate immune cells. In this study, initiation of autophagy due to the presence of S aureus was detected in bovine macrophages. We observed autophagic vacuoles increased after S aureus infection of bovine macrophages by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was also found that S aureus‐infected bovine macrophages increased the expression of LC3 at different times(0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 hours). Data also showed the accumulation of p62 induced by S aureus infection. Application of autophagy regulatory agents showed that the degradation of p62 was blocked in S aureus induced bovine macrophages. In addition, we also found that the accumulation of autophagosomes promotes S aureus to survive in macrophage cells. In conclusion, this study indicates that autophagy occurs in S aureus‐infected bovine macrophages but is blocked at a later stage of autophagy. The accumulation of autophagosomes facilitates the survival of S aureus in bovine macrophages. These findings provide new insights into the interaction of S aureus with autophagy in bovine macrophages.
Contesting the European Central Bank in Banking Supervision: Accountability in Practice at the European Parliament
Authors: Maricut‐Akbik Adina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) raised expectations regarding the ability of the European Parliament (EP) to hold the European Central Bank (ECB) accountable for its decisions. This article examines the accountability interactions between the two institutions in the first years of the functioning of the SSM (2013–18). The focus is on the extent to which the EP contests ECB supervisory decisions in practice through letters and public hearings. The analysis shows a frequently‐used infrastructure of political accountability that is however limited in ensuring the contestation of ECB conduct in banking supervision. The study identifies problems with the performance of the EP as an accountability forum and with the tight confidentiality rules of the SSM, which allow the ECB to silence contestation on many politically salient issues. The findings are based on an innovative analytical framework on the study of accountability interactions.
European Integration and the Politics of Economic Ideas: Economics, Economists and Market Contestation in the Brexit Debate
Authors: Rosamond Ben 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDebates about the economy are central to political exchange and political choice is typically presented as a matter of selecting among rival economic competence claims. The capacity to speak with authority about the economy or to draw upon accredited economic expertise is an important source of political advantage. However, the Brexit process is a form of politicized market contestation that has taken place against the backdrop of significant challenges to expert authority. This article shows how key parts of the Leave campaign developed three strategies within the discursive politics of Brexit: setting aside the economy as a central issue in Brexit; advancing alternative economic knowledge to that of institutionally advantaged professionals; and creating a cadre of alternative economic experts. The article suggests that attempts to use the inherently depoliticizing logic of causal ideas derived from authorized economic knowledge has not prevailed over the central normative beliefs that drive ‘Brexitism’.
Reform of the Posting of Workers Regime – An Assessment of the Practical Impact on Unfree Labour Relations
Authors: Novitz Tonia , Andrijasevic Rutvica 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe 2018 Amending Directive is the most recent response to the failings of the European Union (EU) legal framework for the posting of workers. This article uses an original case study of workers posted from Serbia via Hungary to Slovakia as a basis on which to assess the practical impact of this latest Directive. We recognize the capacity for EU Member States to do more to protect posted workers than was possible previously. However, we also note significant regulatory omissions relating, in particular, to the manufactured uncertainty of employment and immigration status, limited supply chain regulation and obstacles to trade union representation. We identify the need to address in greater detail the complex operations of transnational temporary work agencies involving third country nationals which can produce legal uncertainty and foster unfree labour relations.