bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Między wolnością a upolitycznieniem mediów publicznych
Authors: Szot Lucyna 
Published: July 2020

Zjawisko polityzacji mediów publicznych w Polsce, stanowi istotne zagrożenie dla ich niezależności. Media publiczne odgrywają zasadniczą rolę w zakresie reprezentacji interesów społecznych m.in. różnorodność, niezależność oraz rzetelność i kompletność informacji. Publiczna radiofonia i telewizja realizuje misję publiczną i kształtuje społeczeństwo obywatelskie. Obowiązek realizacji misji społecznej przez media publiczne wynika z treści ustawy o radiofonii i telewizji. Wobec zjawiska komercjalizacji i polityzacji, w rzeczywistości brak materialnych gwarancji realizacji misji społecznej.
Media publiczne umożliwiają legitymizację medialną polityków, co zderza się z niezależną pozycją organizacji medialnych. Tendencja uwolnienia się mediów od jakiejkolwiek politycznej kontroli, pozostaje w sprzeczności z tendencją do wywierania wpływu przez polityków na zawartość mediów (polityzacja mediów).
Rzeczpospolita Polska jest demokratycznym państwem prawnym. W sferze komunikowania społecznego fundamentalne jest prawo do wolności prasy i wolności słowa. Zasadniczą rolę w zakresie reprezentacji interesów społecznych odgrywają autonomiczne media publiczne i niezależni dziennikarze.
Artykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do analizy związanej z mechanizmami nadmiernego upolitycznienia mediów publicznych w Polsce. Autorka posługuje się podejściem normatywnym oraz metodą badań empirycznych ilościowych – kwestionariusza anonimowego przeprowadzonego wśród dziennikarzy mediów regionalnych. Podstawowym celem badawczym jest analiza uwarunkowań niezależności mediów publicznych i dziennikarzy w Polsce, w kontekście procesu polityzacji.
Konstytucyjne deklaracje wolności prasy nie znajdują odzwierciedlenia w rzeczywistości, w szczególności w odniesieniu do mediów publicznych. Obecny status prawny i finansowy mediów publicznych skazuje z góry ich organy, na uzależnienie polityczne i balansowanie pomiędzy realizacją misji a koniecznością osiągania zysków.
Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-(μ2-5-isopropoxyisophthalato-κ2
O:O′)-(μ2-(1,3-bis(3,5-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyridine))-κ2
N:N′)cobalt(II)] monohydrate, C22H25N5O8Co
Authors: Zhao Ying 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C22H25N5O8Co, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 2), a = 7.8425(3) Å, b = 18.1807(10) Å, c = 17.0436(7) Å, β = 95.133(3)°, V = 2420.37(19) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0538, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1069, T = 293.18(10) K.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ETHANOL PRODUCTION OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE D8 BY THE RANDOM MUTAGENESIS
Authors: Le Thuong Hoang Thi , Thuy Tran Thi , Hao Nguyen Quang 
Published: July 2020

Saccharomy cescerevisiae D8 isolated from Queen pineapple extract and selected for high ethanol fermentation activity (12.37% v/v ethanol concentration in fermentation media with a total sugar content of 200 g/L) has been reported previously (Hoang Thi Le Thuong et al., 2017). In this paper, the strain was subjected to random mutagenesis by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and ultraviolet (UV) in order to enhance its ethanol fermentation. The results showed that 1% NTG was more lethal than UV (260 nm, 50 V) to S. cerevisiae D8 at the same time of treatment. The combination of NTG and UV was found to increase the mortality of S. cerevisiae D8. Surviving cells after treatment with NTG and UV combination were identified for ethanol fermentation. Thirteen clones were cabable of fermenting higher ethanol concentration than S. cerevisiae D8 was. Especially, mutant clone NU 120.4 was able to ferment glucose up to the highest ethanol concentration (22% higher than that of S. cerevisiae D8). This mutant clone also showed more tolerant to high ethanol and sugar concentrations in the fermentation medium than that of S. cerevisiae D8. The ethanol fermentation of this mutant was relatively stable in Queen pineapple extract (ethanol concentration of about 15.07 ± 0.12%) and the yield of ethanol fermentation was 92.62 ± 0.2%, while S. cerevisiae D8 gained maximum alcohol concentration of 12.37 ± 0.2%. In the context of the availability of pineapple used as primary source of food processing in Vietnam nowadays, these results showed a potential application of this mutant clone NU 120.4 in brandy production from pineapple extract.
SIZE EFFECT OF COPPER NANOPARTICALS ON MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Kien Nguyen Trung , Thu Huong Tran Thi , Chau Nguyen Hoai , Kim Dang Dinh , Thuy Duong Thi 
Published: July 2020

Cyanobacterial and toxins produced in cyanobacterial water blooms cause serious environmental problems which effects on freshwater ecosystems. The use of nanomaterials to control algal blooms is a new potential way for practical application due to its antibacterial as well as distinct physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. The particle size is one of the most determinant characteristics creating the different between nanomaterials and their larger bulk counterparts. However, size-dependent toxicity of nanoparticles has remained largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate effect of three different nanoparticle sizes (d ≤ 10 nm; 30 nm ≤ d ≤ 40 nm and d ≥ 50 nm) on toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. The copper nanoparticles were synthesized by electrochemical method and coated with chitosan to enhance the stability of materials in the water environment. The copper nanoparticle concentrations selected for toxic test were range from 0 (control); 0,01ppm; 0,05ppm; 0,1 ppm; 1ppm and 5 ppm. After ten days of experiment, the growth of M. aeruginosa was mainly affected at concentrations of 1 ppm and 5 ppm and there are no differences in inhibition between the particle sizes with efficiency of more than 80% in comparison to control. The highest toxicity of copper nanoparticles in M. aeruginosa was observed at particle size of 30 nm ≤ d ≤ 40 nm with EC50 = 0,73 ppm, which was respectively three to seven times less than the particle sizes of d ≥ 50 nm (EC50 = 2,62 ppm) and d ≤ 10nm (EC50 = 5,02 ppm) at the same time.
Kesalahan Konstruksi Konsep Mahasiswa pada Materi Himpunan dan Defragmentasi Struktur Berpikirnya
Authors: Lestyanto Latifah Mustofa , Nasution Syaiful Hamzah , Cahyowati Ety Tejo Dwi , Kahfi Muhammad Shohibul 
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to identify errors in the construction of concepts and to know the form of defragmentation of students’ thinking structures on set material. Data collection was done by asking students to answer on the main test questions. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the research indicate that the errors in the construction of mathematical concepts of students on set material were: 1) pseudo-constructions in the form of true pseudo and false pseudo, 2) misconstruction, 3) misconnection, and 4) logical thinking errors. The forms of defragmentation or the process of rearranging the thinking structures of students who experience concept construction errors in the set were conducted by giving scaffolding and cognitive conflict.
Response to Commentary: ‘Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences?’ (Prof. N Nattrass)
Authors: Ross Fiona C. 
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:
Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864
Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
The Anatomy of a Bad Science: Reflections on Nattrass’ ‘commentary’
Authors: Adesina Jimi O. 
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:
Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864
Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
Academics have a duty to exercise responsible scholarship
Authors: Dziwa Simba 
Published: July 2020

This Commentary is a response to a Commentary published in the May/June 2020 issue:
Nattrass N. Why are black South African students less likely to consider studying biological sciences? S Afr J Sci. 2020;116(5/6), Art. #7864, 2 pages. https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7864
Responses to the Commentary in the May/June 2020 issue have been published collectively in a special issue of Volume 116.
Acordos de compartilhamento de riscos para aquisição do medicamento Spinraza® no Brasil: novas perspectivas sobre a proteção jurídica dos pacientes
Authors: Menezes Ramos Thiago de , Zago Thomasi Tanise , Pereira Duarte Júnior Dimas 
Published: July 2020

Objective: discuss the legal relevance of the implementation of the risk-sharing agreement for the incorporation of the drug spinraza in Brazil in ensuring the protection of patients' rights. Methodology: the study presents a qualitative approach and exploratory character, with the use of jurisprudential research and literature review on the subject. Results: the risk sharing agreement model is a milestone in the search for the realization of the right to health in the country, for enabling the acquisition of spinraza through partnership links with the pharmaceutical business sector, sharing the risks of technology and reducing costs to the treasury. Conclusion: although it constitutes an advance in pharmaceutical care in the country, there is still no legal, more detailed regulation on such agreements under the SUS.
110th Anniversary of the Mexican National Seismological Service: An Account of Its Early Contributions
Authors: Suárez Gerardo , Pérez-Campos Xyoli 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Mexican National Seismological Service (SSN) was founded on 5 September 1910, in response to commitments made by Mexico to the International Association of Seismology in 1903. The first seismic instruments installed in 1904 were a Bosch–Omori seismograph and a Palmieri seismoscope. The SSN was formally inaugurated on 5 September 1910, a few days before the revolution broke out; a political struggle that lasted over two decades. The SSN was inaugurated with a central station in Tacubaya, Mexico City, and two secondary stations. Wiechert seismographs were selected by the SSN for its budding network. Despite the adverse economic and political situation, the SSN managed to grow and install more stations during the turmoil. Besides the installation of new seismic stations and reporting the location and macroseismic data of earthquakes in Mexico, the SSN staff produced remarkable reports of important earthquakes that occurred in those early years. Notable among these are the detailed reports on the 19 November 1912 and 4 January 1920 earthquakes on the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt. These reports have shaped the estimations of seismic hazard in this highly populated region of Mexico. In the first aftershock studies reported, the SSN took Wiechert instruments to the epicentral areas of a large subduction earthquake in 1907 and to the city of Xalapa, in the vicinity of the 1920 crustal earthquake. With foresight in those early years of seismology, the SSN scientists correctly attributed the 1912 earthquake to a local active fault. The seismograms collected in 1920 confirmed that it was a crustal earthquake and not an in-slab event. Lack of funding and official interest did not permit the modernization of the SSN for many decades. National interest in the Service was boosted by the 19 September 1985 destructive earthquake.
Probing the Structure of the Crust and Mantle Lithosphere beneath the Southern New England Appalachians via the SEISConn Deployment
Authors: Long Maureen D. , Aragon John C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe eastern margin of North America has been affected by a range of fundamental tectonic processes in the geologic past. Major events include the Paleozoic Appalachian orogeny, which culminated in the formation of the supercontinent Pangea, and the breakup of Pangea during the Mesozoic. The southern New England Appalachians exhibit a particularly rich set of geologic and tectonic structures that reflect multiple episodes of subduction and terrane accretion, as well as subsequent continental breakup. It remains poorly known, however, to what extent structures at depth in the crust and lithospheric mantle reflect these processes, and how they relate to the geological architecture at the surface. The Seismic Experiment for Imaging Structure beneath Connecticut (SEISConn) was a deployment of 15 broadband seismometers in a dense linear array across northern Connecticut. The array traversed a number of major tectonic boundaries, sampling across the Laurentian margin in its western portion to the Avalonian terrane at its eastern end. It also crossed the Hartford rift basin in the central portion of the state. The SEISConn stations operated between 2015 and 2019; data from the experiment are archived at the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center and will be publicly available beginning in 2021. A suite of imaging techniques is being applied to SEISConn data, with the goal of providing a detailed view of the crust and mantle lithosphere (including discontinuities, seismic velocities, and seismic anisotropy) beneath the southern New England Appalachians. Results from these analyses will inform a host of fundamental scientific questions about the structural evolution of orogens, the processes involved in continental rifting, and the nature of crustal and mantle lithospheric deformation during subduction, terrane accretion, and continental breakup.
Música contemporánea para un instrumento antiguo: "Cuadernos para el órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina la Real de León" (2000-2013) = Contemporary music for an ancient instrument: "Cuadernos para el órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina la Real de León" (2000-2013)
Authors: Martínez Morán Minerva 
Published: July 2020

ResumenEl órgano conservado en la Iglesia de Santa Marina La Real de León constituye uno de los tesoros del patrimonio leonés más valiosos. Desde su construcción hasta su actual ubicación y uso, los acontecimientos históricos han forjado su identidad a través de mutilaciones, cambios y restauraciones. Tras un paréntesis de más de doscientos años, el Proyecto Órgano Ibérico Siglo XXI comenzó una labor de recuperación de instrumentos a través de este maravilloso órgano barroco. En la primera parte de este artículo hemos tratado de situar los antecedentes de la parroquia y el instrumento, exponiendo sus características y peculiaridades, así como su contexto social, histórico y cultural. Dentro de este apartado resulta ineludible hablar del maestro organero Pedro de Liborna y Echevarría, constructor del instrumento. En la segunda parte del texto nos hemos centrado en el proyecto de recopilación y edición musical llevado a cabo a través de los Cuadernos para el Órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina La Real de León, cuyo impulsor, Adolfo Gutiérrez Viejo (1934-2019) fue una pieza fundamental para la trascendental, aunque efímera, trayectoria del proyecto. AbstractThe organ preserved in the Church of Santa Marina La Real in León constitutes one of the most valuable treasures of the Leonese heritage. From its construction to its current location and use, historical events have forged its identity through mutilations, changes and restorations. After a period of more than two hundred years, the Iberian Organ Project 21th Century began a work of recovering instruments through this wonderful baroque organ. In the first part of this article, we have tried to situate the background of the parish and the instrument, exposing its characteristics and peculiarities, as well as its social, histor- ical and cultural context. Within this section, it is unavoidable to speak about the organ builder Pedro de Liborna y Echevarría, creator of the instrument. In the second part of the text we have focused on the project of compilation and musical edition carried out through the Booklets for the Organ Echevarría de Santa Marina La Real de León, whose impeller, Adolfo Gutiérrez Viejo (1934-2019) was a fundamental piece for the successful, although ephemeral, trajectory of the project.
Relato de experiência sobre a lógica de programação nas Escolas Públicas de Monteiro-PB
Authors: Câmara Fábio Sampaio dos Santos , Silva Maria Elenice Pereira da , Da Silva Rildo Maciel Berto 
Published: July 2020

<p class="normal"> O presente texto visa apresentar as atividades desenvolvidas no projeto denominado <strong>Projelógica</strong>: fundamentos de Lógica de Programação nas escolas públicas do município de Monteiro-PB, que teve como objetivo mostrar os fundamentos de lógica de programação para alunos das escolas municipais de Monteiro, PB. O projeto foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) – <em>Campus</em> Monteiro, através de oficinas teóricas e práticas de lógica computacional, com a participação de quarenta e cinco discentes de quatro escolas públicas do município. O resultado do projeto foi satisfatório, visto que, evidenciou-se através dos relatos dos alunos que integralizaram o projeto, uma maior concentração e foco no processo de resolução dos problemas propostos. O projeto também proporcionou maior integração da comunidade externa com o <em>Campus</em>, visto que partícipes do Projelógica realizaram o Processo Seletivo dos Cursos Técnicos (PSCT 2018) e hoje alguns são alunos dos cursos técnicos oferecidos pelo referido <em>Campus</em>.</p>
Empresa Júnior novo rumo consultoria em segurança do trabalho: novo desafio para os discentes do IFPB Campus Patos/PB
Authors: Soares Danilo De Medeiros Arcanjo , Barbosa Aline Girlene Alves , Lima Daniel Leite Oliveira de Lucena 
Published: July 2020

<p>Cientes da falta de profissionais na área de segurança do trabalho na região de Patos/PB, os professores do IFPB <em>Campus</em> Patos articularam junto ao corpo discente do Curso de Tecnologia em Segurança do Trabalho a criação e organização de uma Empresa Júnior (EJ) com objetivo de prestar serviços de qualidade e baixo custo na área de segurança do trabalho às organizações da região, realizando capacitação de pessoal e disseminando a cultura da segurança do trabalho. O primeiro passo foi selecionar e preparar estudantes do Curso com perfil para enfrentar o desafio de criar e organizar uma EJ. Para tanto, foi realizado visitas nas turmas para identificar interessados no projeto, depois foi feito reuniões de preparação e capacitação para realização do referido projeto. Os estudantes se engajaram de imediato em uma sequência de atividades estruturantes, conquistando espaço físico, equipamentos e mobiliário para a sede da EJ. Assim, em pouco espaço de tempo e se utilizando de um plano simples e ágil criaram a “EJ Novo Rumo Consultoria em Segurança do Trabalho”, com registro em cartório como associação civil sem fins lucrativos.</p><p> </p>
The Influence of the Change of Literary Language on the Modern Literary Form
Authors: He Hongmei 
Published: July 2020

<p>As an important communication tool, language carries rich information and is an important medium for people to shorten the distance between each other and express their feelings. Literary language is an important carrier for writers to reflect social reality, express personal views and thoughts. Both the writer's inner world and the real reflection of social life should be conveyed and summarized through literary language. In the process of social development, literary language is not invariable, at the same time, its changes will also have an impact on the form of modern literature, and the two are mutual influence and promote each other. On the basis of summarizing the existing research, this paper takes literary language as the entry point to explore the relationship between its transition and modern literary form.</p>
Study on the Effects of Different Exercise Patterns on the Body of Obese Young People and Its Mechanism
Authors: Yuan Mingzhu 
Published: July 2020

<p>In order to study the influence of physical exercise on the secretion of serum leptin in patients with obesity, some experts searched Wanfang database, www.edu.cn, Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and other databases, and they found and carefully studied 92 qualified articles and 346 pairs of intervention data. Judgment method: use a special method to calculate the effect value of each group of retrieved data, then calculate the weight through the standard deviation of the data, then calculate the average weight, and finally get the 95% confidence interval value. When this interval value is greater than or equal to zero, it means through the form of sports has no effect on blood thin; and when the value is less than 0 means that the sport's influence on blood thin element was significantly larger. That is to say the effect of the absolute value of difference, the greater the impact on blood thin element is the more obvious, and vice versa. Due to the obvious difference of effect value brought by different exercise amount on human body, the change of serum leptin in patients can be determined by the difference of effect value.</p>
O uso do modelo paramétrico para a produção e variabilidade formal em habitações de pequeno porte
Authors: Alves da Silva Júnior Félix , Furtado Silva Neander 
Published: July 2020

A utilização de métodos paramétricos de projeto tem sido comum em edificações de grande porte dotadas de programas arquitetônicos complexos. São poucos os exemplos da utilização destes processos em edificações de pequeno porte. Esta pesquisa demonstra como utilizar métodos generativos paramétricos no desenvolvimento de arquiteturas de pequeno porte. A escolha por essa escala arquitetônica parte da percepção de que a maioria dos arquitetos irá trabalhar com essa categoria de projeto. Ao fazer uso de estratégias paramétricas no projeto de habitações individuais, é possível auxiliar na difusão destas metodologias. Inicialmente, foi definido um programa de necessidades para uma habitação unifamiliar. Este programa foi parametrizado por meio do Grasshopper e do Rhinoceros, resultando em um modelo paramétrico. A partir deste modelo inicial foram executadas variações geométricas para produzir novas soluções volumétricas. O uso da modelagem paramétrica permite que o projetista tenha um amplo controle sobre elemento projetado. Esta abordagem possibilita a rápida obtenção de um conjunto de soluções, por meio da manipulação das varáveis e relações que caracterizam o objeto.
Contact Tracing: A Clarion Call for National Training Standards
Authors: Beech Bettina M. , Woodard LeChauncy 
Published: July 2020

As of late May 2020, more than 1.5 million people had tested positive for coronavirus infection in the United States; however, only 3% of Americans had been tested. However, testing is only one of the key elements in the effort to control communicable diseases. There is a need to investigate others who may have been exposed to the virus; this can be accomplished through a foundational public health strategy – contact tracing. Most public health students and professionals have been introduced to the concept of contact tracing; however, competency in this area is undetermined. The purpose of this perspective is to call for national standards for contact tracing training programs that lead to a widely recognized certification process. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(3):437-440; doi:10.18865/ed.30.3.437