bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel apparatus to measure the biomechanical properties of blood vessels
Authors: Guo Zhanshe , Zhang Taiyi , Liang Xiangdang , Wang Yutong 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The study of vascular mechanics is important. The purpose of this paper is to present an apparatus to measure the biomechanical properties of blood vessels, which can be used for tensile test and fatigue test.

Design/methodology/approach
This equipment consists of a mechanical test platform, a hardware circuit based on FPGA and control software. The torque generated by stepper motor is converted to axial force by ball screw, and the vascular specimen is stretched axially. The tension is measured by a load cell, and the displacement is recorded by a grating displacement sensor.

Findings
According to the results of calibration experiment and stability experiment, the linearity error of the system is 0.251, the hysteresis error is 0.047, the repeatability error is 0.185, the comprehensive error is 0.315 and the standard deviation of the output is less than 0.01 N. A test of animal vascular mechanical properties was carried out, and the results are consistent with the theory.

Originality/value
This apparatus is designed to measure biomechanical properties of blood vessels, and the results of experiments indicate that it is stable and reliable. This work is valuable for studying vascular disease and testing artificial blood vessels.
Effectiveness of mandatory peer review to reduce antipsychotic prescriptions for Medicaid‐insured children
Authors: Akincigil Ayse , Mackie Thomas I. , Cook Sharon , Hilt Robert J. , Crystal Stephen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrior authorization of prescription medications is a policy tool that can potentially impact care quality and patient safety.ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness of a mandatory peer‐review program in reducing antipsychotic prescriptions among Medicaid‐insured children, accounting for secular trends that affected antipsychotic prescribing nationally.Data SourceMedicaid Analytical eXtracts (MAX) with administrative claims for health services provided between January 2006 and December 2011.Study DesignThis retrospective, observational study examined prescription claims records from Washington State (Washington) and compared them to a synthetic control drawing from 20 potential donor states that had not implemented any antipsychotic prior authorization program or mandatory peer review for Medicaid‐insured children during the study period. This method provided a means to control for secular trends by simulating the antipsychotic use trajectory that the program state would have been expected to experience in the absence of the policy implementation.Principal FindingsBefore the policy implementation, antipsychotic use prevalence closely tracked those of the synthetic control (6.17 per 1000 in Washington vs. 6.21 in the synthetic control group). Within two years after the policy was implemented, prevalence decreased to 4.04 in Washington and remained stable in the synthetic control group (6.47), corresponding to an approximately 38% decline.ConclusionPrior authorization program designs and implementations vary widely. This mandatory peer‐review program, with an authorization window and two‐stage rollout, was effective in moving population level statistics toward safe and judicious use of antipsychotic medications in children.
The Analysis of 3D Printer Dust for Forensic Applications,,
Authors: Brinsko‐Beckert Kelly , Palenik Christopher S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract3D printers are becoming increasingly efficient and economical, and thus more widespread and easily accessible to consumers and businesses. They have been used to print nefarious objects such as guns and suppressors. Previous research has documented the release of dust particles during the printing process; however, little has been written about the morphology and chemical features that define the dust emitted by these printers. This study was undertaken to recover, analyze, and identify the dust produced during the printing process in the context of forensic trace evidence analysis. Samples were collected from a variety of 3D fused deposition modeler printers, representing both consumer and commercial grade models. This work focused on printers that use thermoplastic filaments composed of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or polylactic acid (PLA), two of the most commonly used filament polymers. Swabs were used to collect dust within the printer chamber and then processed to isolate the dust particles. Particles produced from ABS filaments are most easily recognized via light microscopy through a combination of color, morphology, and fluorescence. The composition of these particles can be confirmed through analysis by either FTIR or Raman microspectroscopy. These methods can also be used to identify ABS fillers and pigments within the printer dust particles. In contrast, dust from PLA printers consistently contained finer, submicron‐sized particles that could be observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Because the size of the particles precludes their identification using vibrational spectroscopy methods, pyrolysis‐GC‐MS was used to confirm the presence of PLA.
Finger thoracostomy in patients with chest trauma performed by paramedics on a helicopter emergency medical service
Authors: Hannon Liam , St Clair Toby , Smith Karen , Fitzgerald Mark , Mitra Biswadev , Olaussen Alexander , Moloney John , Braitberg George , Judson Rodney , Teague Warwick , Quinn Nuala , Kim Yesul , Bernard Stephen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the frequency of finger thoracostomy performed by intensive care flight paramedics after the introduction of a training programme in this procedure and complications of the procedure that were diagnosed after hospital arrival.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of adult and paediatric trauma patients undergoing finger thoracostomy performed by paramedics on a helicopter emergency medical service between June 2015 and May 2018. Hospital data were obtained through a manual search of the medical records at each of the three receiving major trauma services. Additional data were sourced from the Victorian State Trauma Registry.ResultsThe final analysis included 103 cases, of which 73.8% underwent bilateral procedures with a total of 179 finger thoracostomies performed. The mean age of patients was 42.8 (standard deviation 21.4) years and 73.8% were male. Motor vehicle collision was the most common mechanism of injury accounting for 54.4% of cases. The median Injury Severity Score was 41 (interquartile range 29–54). There were 30 patients who died pre‐hospital, with most (n = 25) having finger thoracostomy performed in the setting of a traumatic cardiac arrest. A supine chest X‐ray was performed prior to intercostal catheter insertion in 38 of 73 patients arriving at hospital; of these, none demonstrated a tension pneumothorax. There were three cases of potential complications related to the finger thoracostomy.ConclusionFinger thoracostomy was frequently performed by intensive care flight paramedics. It was associated with a low rate of major complications and given the deficiencies of needle thoracostomy, should be the preferred approach for chest decompression.
Necrotising fasciitis from fulminant pyelonephritis
Authors: Bong Christopher Y. , Burstow Matthew J. , Yuide Peter J. , Chua Terence C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEmphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe urinary tract infection (UTI) that causes kidney necrosis by gas‐producing bacteria. Escherichia coli is most implicated. Type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common predisposing factor. Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is an uncommon complication of EPN that has severe consequences. It is easily missed due to rarity. We present the case of an 82‐year‐old female nursing home resident with T2DM that presents with NF of the left flank following EPN of the left kidney that has penetrated through the superior lumbar triangle. This is the first time this anatomical pathway has been implicated in NF secondary to EPN in the English literature.
Reimbursement for therapeutic apheresis devices and procedures for using the healthcare insurance system in Japan
Authors: Kusaoi Makio , Murayama Go , Tamura Naoto , Yamaji Ken 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to explain the insurance coverage status of therapeutic apheresis (excluding CHDF) in Japan, alongside the social system of medical reimbursement and concerns regarding the future sustainability of the healthcare system. Insurance schemes and premiums differed for individuals at different levels in the society (eg, municipal residents, employees, and public servants). Insurance premiums and their rates varied depending on the total household income, the number of people living together, age, and the place of residence. In addition, the medical expense subsidies for children through public expenditure were also described. Japan's generous insurance system and multiple medical expense subsidies provide financial support for patients. With Japan's history of medical expense subsidies based on the policy of supporting intractable diseases, we have established an environment where all citizens can receive therapeutic apheresis when needed if they are affected by a disease for which insurance coverage is indicated.
Therapeutically‐rational exchange (T‐REX) of Gerbich‐negative red blood cells can be evaluated in Papua New Guinea as “a rescue adjunct” for patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: Jajosky Ryan Philip , Jajosky Audrey N. , Jajosky Philip G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract“Conventional exchange transfusion”—that delivers nondescript “standard issue” units of red blood cells (RBCs)—is used worldwide to rescue dying Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria patients. Recently, exchanging special malaria‐resistant RBCs (T‐REX) has been recommended to prevent random delivery of malaria‐susceptible RBCs that promote Pf infection. Fortunately, Papua New Guinea (PNG) is well positioned to help optimize exchange as “a rescue adjunct” because (a) Gerbich‐negative (GN) RBCs that resist Pf invasion are prevalent in PNG; (b) with international support, PNG has conducted outstanding malaria research; (c) PNG's scientists feel studies of GN RBCs can advance malaria therapeutics; and (d) with blood‐bank support, evaluating exchange of GN RBCs is feasible in PNG. An exchange‐transfusion study of GN RBCs might attract international sponsorship given the threat of expanding drug‐resistance as well as growing recognition that advancing transfusion medicine and expanding blood donation could especially help Pf‐infected children—immediately.
The structure and antimicrobial potential of wasp and hornet (Vespidae) mastoparans: A review
Authors: Choi Moon Bo , Lee Yong‐Ho 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWasp venom is a complex mixture of biologically active components, including high molecular weight proteins, small peptides, bioactive amines, and amino acids. Peptides comprise up to 70% of dried venom. In social wasp venoms, three of the major peptide types are mastoparans, which cause mast cell degranulation, chemotactic peptides, which promote chemotaxis of polymorphonucleated leukocytes, and kinin‐related peptides, which are known to produce pain and increase vascular permeability. Among these, the bioactive tridecapeptide mastoparan is the most common and may even have antimicrobial activity. Herein we summarize the results of studies on vespid mastoparans, focusing on hornets (Vespa spp.) identified following a systematic literature search for mastoparans of hornets in the genus Vespa, the most active mastoparan research taxon. The common features of hornet mastoparans are C‐terminal amidation, amphipathic helical structure, and multiple functions such as mast cell degranulation and hemolysis, as well as membrane permeabilization. Most interestingly, all tested hornet mastoparans have strong antimicrobial activities, suggesting that they can provide useful insights into and opportunities for development of novel antibacterial peptides.
Profiling terpene glycosides from ecolly, cabernet gernischet, and muscat hamburg grapes by ultra performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Song Hongcong , Wang Xingjie , Li Aihua , Liu Jibin , Tao Yong‐sheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTerpene glycosides (TGs) in the berry skins of Ecolly and Cabernet Gernischet (CG) grapes were profiled by ultra performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS) and compared to that of Muscat Hamburg (MH) grapes. The aroma glycosides in grape skins were extracted by methanol, purified using Amberlite XAD‐2 resins, eluted in methanol/ethyl acetate, and analyzed by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS. MS/MS fragmentation and the TG database were used for identification, while semiquantification was achieved by the internal standard, octyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside. Seven, nine, and thirteen TGs were identified in Ecolly, CG, and MH, respectively, whereas only four TGs were detected in all the varieties. Compared to MH, linalool‐3‐O‐α‐L‐arabinofuranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside was unique for Ecolly, and pyran linalool oxide‐α‐L‐arabinofuranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside was unique for CG. Furthermore, the total concentrations of TGs were 7.32, 3.50, and 81.27 mg/kg in Ecolly, CG, and MH, respectively. Diendiol I‐α‐D‐apiofuranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, furanosyl‐linalool oxide‐7‐O‐α‐L‐arabinofuranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, and nerol‐l‐O‐α‐D‐apiofuranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside were most abundant in Ecolly, CG, and MH, respectively.Practical ApplicationTerpene glycosides (TGs) are important aroma precursors for wines and it is meaningful to reveal the profiles of TGs in grapes. By analyzing the differences of TGs among the Ecolly, Cabernet Gernischet (CG), and Muscat Hamburg grape varieties, it is expected to provide guidance for the study on the aroma characteristics and aroma enhancing brewing of Ecolly and CG grapes. The results may provide technical experience on aroma glycoside identification and their quantification in grapes and wines for future studies.
Are synthetic biology standards applicable in everyday research practice?
Authors: Tas Huseyin , Amara Adam , Cueva Miguel E. , Bongaerts Nadine , Calvo‐Villamañán Alicia , Hamadache Samir , Vavitsas Konstantinos 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe issue of standardization in synthetic biology is a recurring one. As a discipline that incorporates engineering principles into biological designs, synthetic biology needs effective ways to communicate results and allow different researchers (both academic and industrial) to build upon previous results and improve on existing designs. An aspect that is left out of the discussions, especially when they happen at the level of academic and industrial consortia or policymaking, is whether or not standards are applicable or even useful in everyday research practice. In this caucus article, we examine this particular issue with the hope of including it in the standardization discussions agenda and provide insights into a topic that synthetic biology researchers experience daily.
Large joint and lower extremity involvement have higher impact on disease outcomes in oligoarticular psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Ayan Gizem , Solmaz Dilek , Bakirci Sibel , Tinazzi Ilaria , Omma Ahmet , Kucuksahin Orhan , Ozisler Cem , Yavuz Sule , Bayindir Ozun , Kimyon Gezmis , Dogru Atalay , Tarhan Emine Figen , Can Meryem , Kilic Levent , Duruoz Mehmet Tuncay , Aksu Kenan , Kalyoncu Umut , Aydin Sibel Zehra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveJoints with different sizes and anatomical locations can be affected in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Our aim was to explore the effect of different joint patterns on patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with mono‐oligoarthritis.MethodsWithin PsArt‐ID (Psoriatic Arthritis‐ International Database), 387/1670 patients who had mono‐oligoarthritis (1‐4 tender and swollen joints) were enrolled in cross‐sectional assessment. The joints were categorized according to their size (small/large) and location (upper/lower extremity) and PROs, physician global assessment and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were compared. Analysis was made by categorizing according to joint counts (1‐2 joints/ 3‐4 joints).ResultsThe mean age (SD) was 46.9 (14.24) with a mean (SD) PsA duration of 3.93 (6.03) years. Within patients with 1‐2 involved joints (n = 302), size of the joints only had an impact on CRP values with large joints having higher CRP (P = .005), similar to lower extremity involvement (P = .004). PROs were similar regardless of size or location if 1‐2 joints were inflamed. Within patients with 3‐4 involved joints (n = 85), patient global assessment (PGA), pain, fatigue and physician global assessment were higher in the group with large joints. Similarly, PGA, pain, and physician global assessment were higher in patients with lower extremity involvement as well as higher CRP values.ConclusionFor PsA patients with 3‐4 joints involved, lower extremity and large joints are associated with poorer outcomes with worse PROs, physician global assessment, and higher CRP. The size and anatomical location of the joints are less important for patients with 1‐2 joints in terms of the PROs.
Successful continuous nivolumab therapy for metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer after local treatment of oligometastatic lesions
Authors: Tobita Satoshi , Kinehara Yuhei , Tamura Yoshio , Kurebe Hiroyuki , Ninomiya Ryusuke , Utsu Yoshihiko , Kohmo Satoshi , Sato Bunzo , Nagai Kenichi , Maruoka Shintaro , Jokoji Ryu , Koyama Shohei , Tachibana Isao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe patient in this report was a 57‐year‐old man with metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). After no response to two lines of systemic chemotherapy, he was treated with nivolumab as third‐line therapy, which resulted in a partial response. After 17 months of nivolumab treatment, he developed bone metastasis in his left femur which was treated with radiation therapy. Nivolumab was restarted after radiation therapy. Four months after radiation therapy, he developed another metastatic lesion in the small intestine which was surgically resected. Because there were no recurrent NSCLC lesions after surgical resection, nivolumab was restarted again. At 18 months after surgery, there were no recurrent NSCLC lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis of peritumoral T lymphocytes showed higher expression of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain‐containing protein 3 (TIM‐3) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG‐3) in recurrent lesions of bone and small intestine than in primary lesions. Upregulation of TIM‐3 and LAG‐3 could be associated with mechanisms of adaptive resistance to nivolumab in this case. Here, we report a successful case of continued nivolumab therapy with remission after local treatments consisting of radiation therapy and surgical resection for oligometastases. Continuation of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment may be worth considering if oligometastases can be controlled.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyWe report a successful case of continued nivolumab treatment with remission after local treatment (radiation therapy and surgical resection) for oligometastases.What this study addsUpregulation of T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain‐containing protein 3 and lymphocyte‐activation gene 3 could be associated with mechanisms of adaptive resistance to nivolumab.
Integrating Behavioral Economic and Social Network Influences in Understanding Alcohol Misuse in a Diverse Sample of Emerging Adults
Authors: Acuff Samuel F. , MacKillop James , Murphy James G. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundBehavioral economic alcohol demand is a measure of motivation to consume alcohol and a robust risk factor for alcohol misuse. Social networks that are dense with alcohol are also associated with heavy drinking, but the intersection of these risk factors has not been investigated to date. This study examined these interrelationships with structural equation modeling using cross‐sectional data from a diverse community sample of heavy‐drinking emerging adults (N = 602).MethodsLatent variables for alcohol social network, alcohol demand, and alcohol misuse were constructed. Next, relations between the latent variables were examined, including the indirect effect of alcohol demand in the relation between alcohol social network and alcohol misuse. An alternative modeling testing the indirect effect of alcohol social network on the relation between alcohol demand and misuse was also tested.ResultsWhen alone in the model, social network alcohol density significantly predicted alcohol misuse. When alcohol demand was included in the model, social network alcohol density predicted alcohol demand, alcohol demand predicted alcohol misuse, and an indirect effect on alcohol misuse through alcohol demand was present. In the alternative model, an indirect effect was not present between alcohol demand and alcohol misuse by social network alcohol density. Exploratory analyses revealed significant sex, race, and college status differences.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the influence of social network alcohol density on alcohol misuse may be, in part, through variance accounted for by alcohol reinforcing value. Longitudinal testing of this mechanistic pathway is warranted.
Role of orbitofrontal cortex in incubation of oxycodone craving in male rats
Authors: Altshuler Rachel D. , Yang Eddy S. , Garcia Kristine T. , Davis Ian R. , Olaniran Adedayo , Haile Meron , Razavi Syrus , Li Xuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne of the main challenges in treating opioid‐use disorders is relapse during abstinence, triggered by re‐exposure to drug‐associated cues. Previous studies have demonstrated that drug‐seeking in rats progressively increases over time during withdrawal (incubation of drug craving). Here, we used male rats and examined neural mechanisms underlying incubation of craving to oxycodone, a commonly abused prescription opioid, and we focused on orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region previously implicated in incubation of heroin craving. We first used neuronal activity marker Fos and measured neuronal activation in OFC (ventral and lateral OFC) associated with day‐1 and day‐15 relapse tests. Next, we determined the effect of pharmacological reversible inactivation of OFC on incubated oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 15. Finally, we determined the effect of reversible inactivation of OFC on nonincubated oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 1. We found that lever presses during relapse tests were higher on withdrawal day 15 than on withdrawal day 1 (incubation of oxycodone craving). Incubation of oxycodone craving is accompanied with a time‐dependent increase of Fos protein expression in both ventral and lateral OFC. Lastly, OFC inactivation decreased oxycodone seeking on withdrawal day 15 but had no effect on withdrawal day 1. Together with the previous heroin study, results here show that OFC plays a critical role in incubation of opioid craving.
The other side of late‐life intimacy? Sexual violence in later life
Authors: Bows Hannah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the extent, nature and consequences of sexual violence in later life.MethodsData were obtained from all police forces in England, Wales and Northern Ireland on rape and sexual assault by penetration (Sexual Offences Act 2003) offences involving a victim aged ≥ 60 years, recorded between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 27 practitioners working in specialist violence or age‐related organisations and with three female survivors.ResultsThe majority of victims were female, and most offenders were male. Offenders were generally younger than victims, and most offences occurred in the victim's home, although one in five occurred in a care home. Physical, psychological and social consequences were described which create specific challenges in accessing and receiving support.ConclusionAn intersectional life course analysis of sexual violence is required to develop a better understanding of the consequences, particularly for older women.