bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Koga Natalia Massako , Machado Raphael Amorim , Gomide Alexandre de Avila , Filgueiras Fernando , Ramesh M 
Published: November 2020

This special issue of the Public Service Journal (RSP) brings together papers on building policy capacity for development within the Brazilian context. Starting from a broad and integrated understanding of development, which is not restricted to the context of the economic sphere, this compilation presents analyses that discuss issues relevant to the current national agenda. The accumulated imbalance of 'capacities' in various policy areas, the challenges of implementing the Sustainable Development Goals, the peculiarities of capacity mobilization in the local context, and the intersection between capacities and governance are some of the topics debated in this publication.
It is worth mentioning that this publication is a result of the debate promoted during the International Workshop on Building Capable States for Development in Latin America, held in São Paulo in December 2018 - an event promoted in a partnership between the National University of Singapore (NUS), the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV/EAESP), and the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA). Thus, the papers presented in this special issue have been examined and discussed previously among Brazilian and international academics dedicated to the study of state capacities. The aim of publishing these papers in English is to continue to promote this sort of dialogue in international debates on the field of public policy.
Learning Impact of a Virtual Brain Electrical Activity Simulator Among Neurophysiology Students: Mixed-Methods Intervention Study
Authors: Björn Marko Henrik , Laurila Jonne MM , Ravyse Werner , Kukkonen Jari , Leivo Sanna , Mäkitalo Kati , Keinonen Tuula 
Published: November 2020

Background
Virtual simulation is the re-creation of reality depicted on a computer screen. It offers the possibility to exercise motor and psychomotor skills. In biomedical and medical education, there is an attempt to find new ways to support students’ learning in neurophysiology. Traditionally, recording electroencephalography (EEG) has been learned through practical hands-on exercises. To date, virtual simulations of EEG measurements have not been used.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the development of students’ theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the EEG measurement when using a virtual EEG simulator in biomedical laboratory science in the context of a neurophysiology course.

Methods
A computer-based EEG simulator was created. The simulator allowed virtual electrode placement and EEG graph interpretation. The usefulness of the simulator for learning EEG measurement was tested with 35 participants randomly divided into three equal groups. Group 1 (experimental group 1) used the simulator with fuzzy feedback, group 2 (experimental group 2) used the simulator with exact feedback, and group 3 (control group) did not use a simulator. The study comprised pre- and posttests on theoretical knowledge and practical hands-on evaluation of EEG electrode placement.

Results
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the two groups that utilized a computer-based electrode placement simulator showed significant improvement in both theoretical knowledge (Z=1.79, P=.074) and observed practical skills compared with the group that studied without a simulator.

Conclusions
Learning electrode placement using a simulator enhances students’ ability to place electrodes and, in combination with practical hands-on training, increases their understanding of EEG measurement.
Factors Related to the Behavior of People Who Have Never Used the Internet for Voluntary Reasons: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Park Keeho 
Published: November 2020

Background
If there are people who do not want to use the internet despite having the circumstances and conditions for using it, another policy consideration will be needed.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to the behavior of people who do not voluntarily use the internet.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018. It used a proportional quota random sampling design to select a representative sample of Koreans. Accordingly, 6150 participants were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression methods were used to explore the predicting factors of the act of voluntarily not using the internet.

Results
Age, education level, bonding and bridging social capitals, and daily life satisfaction for health status were found to be factors related to the behavior of not voluntarily using the internet. However, gender, household income, occupation, family size, and community type were not related to voluntary nonuse of the internet.

Conclusions
It was found that sociodemographic factors, such as age and education level, which are difficult to modify, along with psychosocial factors located deeper than the visible living conditions, such as social capital and life satisfaction, are involved in voluntary internet nonuse. These results also suggest that it is not desirable to proceed with policies related to information and communications technology on a separate track, but rather that they should be comprehensively approached with other social policies that design various social interventions in order to enhance equity within the society.
Influence of Self-Compassion on the Health of Midwives and Nurses: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Javanmard Mitra , Steen Mary , Vernon Rachael 
Published: November 2020

Background
Self-compassion is recognized to have a positive effect upon a person’s health. However, the influence of self-compassion on the health of midwives and nurses is less well understood. Midwives and nurses often work in highly demanding environments and situations, and are exposed to multiple work-based stressors simultaneously. Stressors such as a demanding clinical workload, high acuity, missing breaks, working more than their contracted hours, insufficient resources and staff, and poor patient outcomes can lead to midwives and nurses feeling physically exhausted and at increased risk of poor mental health. Self-compassion may act as a protective factor, assisting midwives and nurses to remain healthy.

Objective
This scoping review will provide an overview of the evidence base relating to the influence of self-compassion on the health of midwives and nurses.

Methods
The purpose of a scoping review is to comprehensively and systematically review the literature and identify key evidence or gaps. The search strategy for this protocol includes electronic databases such as Medline, Embase, Emcare, PsycInfo, Joanna Briggs Institute, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Grey literature sources will be also searched, including ProQuest Central, internet search engines (Google Scholar), and manually searched key journals and reference lists of relevant articles. This scoping review will be undertaken in seven stages, guided by established scoping review methods and reporting guidelines: (1) identifying the research questions; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting the studies; (4) charting the data; (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results; (6) consulting; and (7) dissemination of knowledge. Data will be abstracted and presented using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and explanation by three independent researchers.

Results
A preliminary search conducted in Medline (OVID) retrieved 194 results. Completion of the review is expected in December 2020 and will be published in early 2021.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review of evidence-based literature relating to the influence of self-compassion on the health of midwives and nurses. It is anticipated that this analysis of the literature will contribute to understanding how midwives and nurses may use self-compassion in a proactive way to reduce work-based stressors such as burnout, stress, and compassion fatigue. Furthermore, the findings may inform educational needs with implications for clinical practice.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/21917
Identifying Targets for Substance Use Prevention in Young People Exposed to Childhood Adversity: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Grummitt Lucinda Rachel , Kelly Erin Veronica , Barrett Emma Louise , Keyes Katherine M , Newton Nicola Clare 
Published: November 2020

Background
Adverse childhood experiences are prevalent robust risk factors for the development of substance use problems. However, less is known about the causal mechanisms that explain these relationships. While directly preventing adverse childhood experiences is ideal, it is not always possible. In such cases, the mechanisms themselves may be amenable to intervention, allowing for the effective prevention of problematic substance use among children exposed to adversity. Identifying such mechanisms is therefore a critical step for efforts aiming to reduce the high individual and societal burdens associated with substance use globally.

Objective
This study aims to systematically identify and synthesize evidence on the modifiable mediators and moderators of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and substance use outcomes in young people (age 10-24 years).

Methods
A systematic review will be conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases to determine the modifiable mediators and moderators of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and substance use in young people. Data from the review will be qualitatively synthesized, unless we identify a sufficient number of studies (at least five) that examine the same type of adversity (eg, physical or sexual abuse) and the same mediator/moderator, in which case a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) will be conducted. If a quantitative synthesis is warranted, standardized effect estimates of the indirect (mediated) effect between adverse childhood experiences and substance use outcomes will be combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. Mediators/moderators will be grouped according to a socioecological perspective, using the four levels of individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy/culture.

Results
Electronic searches were completed in August 2019. A total of 4004 studies were included for screening after removing duplicates. After evaluating titles and abstracts against eligibility criteria, a further 3590 studies were excluded, leaving 415 studies for full-text screening. The results of the review are expected to be available by December 2020.

Conclusions
The mechanisms linking adverse childhood experiences and substance use outcomes in young people are vital targets for substance use prevention efforts. This review will provide evidence to inform the development of prevention strategies in order to interrupt the negative life trajectory that can begin with childhood adversity.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020148773; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020148773

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/22368
COVID-19 Misinformation Prophylaxis: Protocol for a Randomized Trial of a Brief Informational Intervention
Authors: Agley Jon , Xiao Yunyu , Thompson Esi E , Golzarri-Arroyo Lilian 
Published: November 2020

Background
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect life in the United States, the important role of nonpharmaceutical preventive behaviors (such as wearing a face mask) in reducing the risk of infection has become clear. During the pandemic, researchers have observed the rapid proliferation of misinformed or inconsistent narratives about COVID-19. There is growing evidence that such misinformed narratives are associated with various forms of undesirable behavior (eg, burning down cell towers). Furthermore, individuals’ adherence to recommended COVID-19 preventive guidelines has been inconsistent, and such mandates have engendered opposition and controversy. Recent research suggests the possibility that trust in science and scientists may be an important thread to weave throughout these seemingly disparate components of the modern public health landscape. Thus, this paper describes the protocol for a randomized trial of a brief, digital intervention designed to increase trust in science.

Objective
The objective of this study is to examine whether exposure to a curated infographic can increase trust in science, reduce the believability of misinformed narratives, and increase the likelihood to engage in preventive behaviors.

Methods
This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, superiority trial comprising 2 parallel groups. A sample of 1000 adults aged ≥18 years who are representative of the population of the United States by gender, race and ethnicity, and age will be randomly assigned (via a 1:1 allocation) to an intervention or a placebo-control arm. The intervention will be a digital infographic with content based on principles of trust in science, developed by a health communications expert. The intervention will then be both pretested and pilot-tested to determine its viability. Study outcomes will include trust in science, a COVID-19 narrative belief latent profile membership, and the likelihood to engage in preventive behaviors, which will be controlled by 8 theoretically selected covariates.

Results
This study was funded in August 2020, approved by the Indiana University Institutional Review Board on September 15, 2020, and prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov.

Conclusions
COVID-19 misinformation prophylaxis is crucial. This proposed experiment investigates the impact of a brief yet actionable intervention that can be easily disseminated to increase individuals’ trust in science, with the intention of affecting misinformation believability and, consequently, preventive behavioral intentions.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04557241; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04557241

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/24383
Ce que William Ritter n’a pas appris à Le Corbusier Xavier
Authors: Galmiche Xavier 
Published: November 2020

William Ritter fut un touche-à-tout, parfois un dilettante. Souvent laissée en plan, la production de ce graphomane voyageur et critique péremptoire compose un kaléidoscope oublié sur lequel il vaut la peine de coller son oeil : car il imposa, avec une franchise qui allait parfois jusqu’à l’ingénuité, certaines dissonances dans la culture helvétique et en général francophone de la « fin de siècle ». On s’arrête ici sur celles qui le lancèrent vers des horizons méconnus, des pays des Balkans puis de l’Europe centrale, et le poussèrent à les évoquer d’une plume singulière qui lui permit de cultiver ses différences, entre autres son amour des garçons. Il s’inscrit donc trois fois dans la culture 1900 : dans l’histoire des rapports interculturels, du style, mais aussi de l’éveil de la question des « genres » et de la culture homosexuelle.
Keywords: écrivain voyageur, « fin de siècle », Balkans, Europe centrale, homosexualité
Gustav Mahler, le dieu rittérien. William Ritter mélomane
Authors: Conus Céline 
Published: November 2020

Gustav Mahler représente sans aucun doute un cas particulier dans la vie et la carrière de critique d’art de William Ritter, contemporain du compositeur autrichien, et qui voit en ce dernier l’avènement d’une nouvelle ère musicale. La conversion de Ritter à la musique de Mahler marque le début d’une extraordinaire passion que le Suisse exposera dans de nombreux écrits de diverse nature (articles, critiques, analyses, correspondance, journal) : autant de sources grâce auxquelles il nous est permis de revivre, presque au jour le jour, la naissance d’une oeuvre et l’avènement d’un compositeur qui compte désormais parmi les plus importants de l’histoire de la musique occidentale, acteur incontournable de la transition entre le XIXe siècle romantique et le xxe siècle moderne.
Keywords: Gustav Mahler, William Ritter, symphonie, réception, critique d’art
L’insegnamento della letteratura italiana nei licei della Svizzera tedesca
Authors: Alloatti Sara 
Published: November 2020

Gli approcci seguiti nell’insegnamento della letteratura italiana nei licei della Svizzera tedesca si riflettono nell’eterogeneità delle proposte didattiche dei manuali prodotti sul territorio e degli scenari e dossier condivisi sulla piattaforma collaborativa italianoascuola.ch. In alcuni, si può notare una tendenza a un approccio ermeneutico che ben si concilia con la scelta prevalente di trattare approfonditamente poche letture integrali, ma non restano isolati canoni orientati a criteri storico-biografici e perlomeno parziali trattazioni di testi in forma antologica. Anche se mancano dati rappresentativi sulle tipologie di testi letti e di attività didattiche svolte, sono diverse le fonti attraverso le quali è possibile rilevare perlomeno una selezione dei testi più letti.
Keywords: letteratura di lingua italiana, insegnamento dell’italiano LS, manualistica, reti tra insegnanti, piattaforma partecipativa
Cuando la ultraderecha cita a Machado. Los agujeros en la memoria democrática y el papel de la literatura
Authors: Rosa Isaac 
Published: November 2020

En esta contribución, se habla de literatura –de la manera en la que la literatura ha representado el pasado– y de política –en concreto, de los efectos de las deficiencias de la democracia española que hoy está en grave crisis–. Se hace desde el presente más inmediato (febrero de 2019), y por supuesto partiendo de Machado. A partir de algunas anécdotas, se muestra cómo este uso se hace desde la ignorancia más que desde la provocación, y sin encontrar siempre el rechazo de la ciudadanía que no sabe demasiado de la vida y muerte del poeta. Esa imagen, la ultraderecha usando a Machado, refleja bien el momento actual y sirve de hilo rojo a la presente reflexión.
Keywords: Antonio Machado, literatura, política, ultraderecha, memoria democrática, democracia.
La lengua española y las culturas hispánicas
Authors: González Aurelio 
Published: November 2020

Por número de hablantes nativos, el español es la segunda lengua del mundo. Es también la segunda lengua estudiada por número de alumnos. Y en aquellos lugares donde no es la lengua predominante, es una lengua prestigiada, con importancia en la expresión de una identidad y que trasmite valores culturales, económicos e ideológicos de amplio reconocimiento. En esta contribución se vuelve sobre algunos usos y valores asociados de la lengua española y las culturas hispánicas viendo en ellas elementos que unifican y construyen en el respeto de las diferencias una comunidad transnacional y panhispánica. La lengua, la cultura, la forma de pensar y actuar de los hombres y mujeres del mundo hispánico son el campo de ejercicio del pensamiento.
Keywords: español, lengua materna, lengua extranjera, plurilingüísmo, panhispanismo, identidades.
Uma reza para o que há de vir
Authors: Inocencio Ferreira Lima Raisa , Taffarel Marina 
Published: November 2020

À partir da coleta e organização de correspondências digitais cotidianas trocadas por nós: duas mulheres que nunca se encontraram ao vivo, mas que trabalham à distância juntas a mais de um ano, este ensaio visual especula uma desarticulação, num sentido cognitivo, da língua e da linguagem colonizante, partindo da escrita através de si como exercício de inscrição no mundo, como forma de insurreição e cura. São criados diálogos com escritos de Gloria Anzaldúa, Maria Lugones e outras, organizando imagens e poemas, banhos e levantes, asé e escuridão.
Training English for Educator at SMP Angkasa, Tuban – Kuta, Bali
Authors: Widiadnya Putri I Gusti Ayu Vina , Santika I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani 
Published: November 2020

This program aims to give English training to Educator at SMP Angkasa, Tuban-Kuta, Bali. In general, the priority problems faced by educators in SMP Angkasa are the low quality of spoken and written English communication in understanding English vocabulary which is often used in the learning process. This is due to a lack of mastery of English vocabulary, lack of understanding of English theory, and lack of motivation to improve their English language skills. Besides that, most of the educators at SMP Angkasa are educators from various disciplines, so mastering English for them is not a priority. The training is focused on providing material on how to communicate well in transferring learning materials to students by communicating in English. Enrich the vocabulary that is often used by educators in the implementation of the teaching and learning process. This community service activities uses methods in the form of application of science and technology with an orientation towards providing English language training and training in communication skills through lectures, demonstrations, and questions and answers. From the English training given to educators at SMP Angkasa, it can be seen that the progressive progress of the trainees towards the use of English for oral and written communication. The progress in communication is evidenced by the use of English when delivering material in class. Furthermore, the ability to listen to the simple spoken conversations of the trainees has also increased, which can be seen during the training. Teachers use full English as the language of instruction during training and trainees can carry out the instructions given at that time well. Finally, there is progress in the ability to read and write simple information from the trainees. This is evidenced by the teaching material prepared by the training participants which is compiled in English and then discussed with the students in their respective classes also in the language of instruction is English.