bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origen y evolución de la comunidad palestina en Chile
Authors: Espín Ocampo Julieta 
Published: June 2020

El artículo analiza las características de la comunidad palestina en Chile, recurriendo tanto al origen y evolución histórica como al proceso de construcción identitaria, especialmente a través de las instituciones que han creado en ese país. Aunque dicha comunidad ya se encuentra integrada a la sociedad chilena con pérdida de elementos identitarios como la lengua árabe, mantiene un sentimiento de pertenencia y cohesión respecto a sus miembros, además de interés y compromiso político en relación con la tierra de sus ancestros.
Kedudukan Hukum Akta Kelahiran Anak di luar Kawin yang Dicantumkan Nama Ayah
Authors: Amaliasari Rosida 
Published: June 2020

Anak luar kawin selalu menimbulkan permasalahan, baik hukum positif maupun hukum islam. Diantaranya (1) kedudukan hukum akta kelahiran anak luar kawin yang dicantumkan dan tidak dicantumkan nama ayah, dan (2) terkait kedudukan anak luar kawin sebagai ahli waris dengan dicantumkan nama ayah dalam akta kelahirannya. Berdasarkan putusan Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Mahkamah Konstitusi telah memberikan suatu putusan yang menjamin pemenuhan hak-hak keperdataan bagi seorang anak luar kawin. Dengan pemenuhan hak keperdataan diharapkan mampu memberikan keadilan bagi anak luar kawin, namun hal itu mencakup seluruh aspek atau tidak termasuk anak luar kawin yang telah diakui sebagai anak sah dengan dicantumkan nama ayahnya dalam akta kelahiran berhak menjadi ahli waris sebagaimana hak anak sah dan dibuktikan dengan akta Otentik. Lebih lanjut masalah yang muncul apakah dalam hukum islam hal tersebut juga menjadi sesuatu yang sah dan berhak menjadi ahli waris.
Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas oleh Suami Istri Tanpa Perjanjian Kawin Ditinjau dari Undang-undang No 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas
Authors: Samudra Elvareta Bayu 
Published: June 2020

Salah satu bentuk badan usaha dalam bidang ekonomi yang paling disukai adalah Perseroan Terbatas, yang dikarenakan (1) pertanggung jawabannya yang bersifat terbatas dan (2) memberikan kemudahan bagi pemiliknya untuk mengalihkan perusahaanya kepada setiap orang. Di dalam Pasal 7 ayat (1) Undang-undang Perseroan Terbatas disebutkan bahwa: Perseroan Terbatas didirikan oleh 2 (dua) orang atau lebih. Di sinilah tujuan tulisan ini, yaitu: Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas oleh Suami Istri Tanpa Perjanjian Kawin Ditinjau dari Undang-undang No 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa status hukum Perseroan terbatas berdasarkan prinsip yang mendasarinya mensyaratkan dalam pendirinya minimal terdiri 2 (dua) pendiri, maka tidaklah dapat sepasang suami istri mendirikan sebuah Perseroan Terbatas. Menurut Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, bahwa sepasang suami istri dianggap mempunyai satu kepentingan yaitu membentuk keluarga -dimana suami menjadi kepala keluarga dan istri menjadi ibu rumah tangga, dan mereka pada dasarnya suami istri adalah satu subjek hukum.
Assessment of cardiometabolic risk factors in various phenotypes of masked hypertension
Authors: Geltser B. I. , Orlova-Ilinskaya V. V. , Vetrova O. O. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Karpov R. S. 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To assess the relationship of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with various phenotypes of masked hypertension (MH).Material and methods. The study included 207 men with a median age of 34,6 years [32,3; 36,3] being systematically stressed. All examined patients had normal clinical blood pressure (BP), and there was no history of its increase. We conducted 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), carotid duplex scan with determination of the intima- media thickness (IMT). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low (LDLC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) were determined. Body mass index, visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product index and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. We performed clustering of ABPM data, calculated the odds ratio of association between cardiometabolic risk factors and certain MH phenotypes.Results. MH was diagnosed in 142 (68,6%) patients examined, divided into 3 clusters: systolic-diastolic — SDMH (50,7%), isolated systolic — ISMH (27,5%) and isolated diastolic — IDMH (21,8%). Impaired lipid metabolism, visceral adiposity, IMT increase and atherosclerotic plaques were more often recorded in patients with SDMH and IDMH. The levels of TC, LDL-C and IMT were highest in individuals with IDMH. Odds ratio analysis indicated significant associations of SDMH and IDMH phenotypes with indicators of visceral adiposity, IMT, TG, TC, LDL-C and TG/HDL-Cl.Conclusion. Clustering of ABPM data in individuals with MH and comparing related phenotypes with cardiometabolic risk factors complements their clinical and functional characteristics and can be a useful tool for improving customized prevention and therapy programs.
Would Removal of All Ultrasound Abnormal Metastatic Lymph Nodes Without Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Be Accurate in Patients with Breast Cancer with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Authors: Lim Geok Hoon , Gudi Mihir , Teo Sze Yiun , Ng Ruey Pyng , Yan Zhiyan , Lee Yien Sien , Allen John C. , Leong Lester Chee Hao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Trial Information
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Lessons Learned
Removal of sonographically abnormal (up to 3) metastatic clipped nodes, without sentinel lymph node biopsy, could accurately predict axillary status in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ypT and the first clipped node status were statistically significant factors for nodal pathologic complete response. This novel approach requires validation in larger studies.

Background
In patients who have node-positive breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy could result in nodal pathologic complete response (pCR) and avoid an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Axillary staging, in such cases, can be performed using targeted axillary dissection (TAD) with a low false negative rate. However, identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) after chemotherapy can be difficult, and currently, it is the standard to remove only one clipped node in TAD. We aimed to determine if removal of all sonographically abnormal metastatic clipped nodes, without SLN biopsy, could accurately predict the axillary status post neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
Patients with breast cancer with one to three sonographically abnormal metastatic axillary nodes were prospectively recruited. Each abnormal node had histology and clip insertion before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After chemotherapy, the patients underwent removal of clipped nodes using the Skin Mark clipped Axillary nodes Removal Technique (SMART) and ALND.

Results
Fourteen patients were recruited, having a total of 21 sonographically abnormal metastatic nodes, with nine, three, and two patients having 1, 2, and 3 malignant nodes clipped, respectively. Mean age was 55.5 years; 92.9% and 57.1% of patients had invasive ductal carcinoma and grade III tumors, respectively; and 35.7% patients achieved nodal pCR. The first clipped node predicted the axillary status with a false negative rate of 7.1%. Adding to this another second clipped node, the false negative rate was 0%. Pathologic tumor staging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ypT) (p = .0390) and the first clipped node pathological response status (p = .0030) were statistically significant predictors for nodal pCR.

Conclusion
Removal of sonographically abnormal metastatic clipped nodes using SMART, without sentinel lymph node biopsy, could accurately predict axillary status. This finding needs validation in larger studies.
Phage sensitivity profiles of a nasopharyngeal opportunistic pathogen in Streptococcus pneumoniae carrier children with recurrent respiratory infections
Authors: Bayazitova L T , Tupkina O F , Chazova T A , Konyshev N S , Syuzev K N , Isaeva G Sh 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study the nature of microbiota and estimating the susceptibility to antibiotics and bacteriophages of conditionally pathogenic microflora of the nasopharynx in children-pneumococcal carriers with recurrent respiratory infections.
Methods. Researching microflora was conducted in 182 pneumococcal carriers receiving help in Kazan Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. Microbial identification, testing of susceptibility to antibiotics and bacteriophages was carried out following the regulatory documentation. Bacterial isolates were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The phage titer was determined by the method of agar layers according to Grazia.
Results. Nasopharyngeal S. pneumoniae species was presented by Staphylococcus spp., Moraxella spp., Haemophilus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Klebsiella spp and Candida spp. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae: resistant to oxacillin was detected in 20.7% of strains, to erythromycin in 45.9%, to clindamycin in 20%, to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in 18.4%. 19.6% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR, resistant to 3 or more antimicrobial agents). Phage susceptibility test of S. pneumoniaе showed that 97.2% of isolates were resistant to streptococcal bacteriophage, 75% to pyobacteriophage. All antibiotic-resistant strains remained susceptible to Streptococcus phages. The phage titer of Klebsiella in agreement with Grazia method of Kl. pneumoniae ranged from 9106 to 5105 PFU/mL. The ranking results of activities of antistaphylococcal antibiotics (effectiveness descending): fusidic acid mupirocin chloramphenicol cyprofloxacin erythromycin.
Conclusion. Nasopharyngeal microbiota of pneumococci carriers children is represented by a variable polymicrobial association; nasopharyngeal strains are effectively lysed by bacteriophages; mono- and polyvalent bacteriophages can be used as an alternative to antibacterial treatment in Streptococcus pneumoniae carriers children with recurrent respiratory infections.
Induction of apoptosis and autophagy in T-lymphocytes of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Skibo Y V , Fathullina A R , Ibragimov B R , Abramov S N , Ismagilova R R , Biktagirova E M , Andrianova I A , Maksudova A N , Abramova Z I 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To analyze the expression of key apoptosis (Bcl-2, caspase-3) and autophagy (Beclin 1, Vps34, p62 and LC3) proteins regulators in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Methods. The object of the study was peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of healthy donors and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. To obtain T cells, we used the immunomagnetic separation method. Protein expression was analyzed using the Western blot method. Statistically analyzing the results was performed using the R software environment. The data was represented using boxplots. Groups were compared using the MannWhitney test.
Results. According to the results of the study of the apoptotic proteins, we found an increased content of caspase-3 and the absence of significant changes in the content of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in patients with lupus, which indicates active apoptotic activity. A comparative analysis of Beclin 1 and Vps34 showed their increased content in the cells of patients, which indicates the activation of autophagy. The analysis of two isoforms of LC3 protein revealed their low content in the group of patients. Since the scatter of indicators was very different from the average value, we analyzed these indicators depending on the severity of the disease. In the acute course group, high content of protein LC3-I was detected, the content of form II was lower. In the group with the subacute course, the number of both isoforms is lower than in the other groups. In the group with a chronic course, significant increases of protein LC3-II and a decrease in the ratio of LC3-I/LC3-II were found.
Conclusion. The study showed that depending on the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus, the content of protein LC3 isoforms changes, which can be used for differential diagnosis of disease forms.
Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women and its association with adverse perinatal outcomes
Authors: Kulkarni Priyanka , Wagh Girija 
Published: June 2020

Increased vaginal discharge in pregnant women in many instances is not pathological. Vulvovaginal infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV), candidiasis or trichomoniasis can result in abnormal vaginal discharge. Bacterial Vaginosis is diagnosed more frequently in women with established preterm labor (PTL) or delivery and with preterm rupture of membranes. Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, PTL, premature delivery, preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM), amniotic fluid infection, postpartum endometritis, and post-cesarean wound infections have been reported.We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in 246 pregnant women and its association with adverse perinatal outcomes. Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic was studied using Nugent’s scoring system. Perinatal outcomes were also assessed.The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was maximum in the age group 21-25 years (46.43%), followed by 26-30 years (25%). The association of perinatal outcome and bacterial vaginosis among patients showed that PROM, LBW and IUGR infant had more bacterial vaginosis with a statistically significant association with bacterial vaginosis (P&#60;0.05).Bacterial vaginosis is a major public health problem prevalent in pregnant women and associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Research should continue to evaluate the risks and benefits of medications to the mother and fetus. More focus needs to be placed on the prevention of preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes rather than the treatment of preterm labor once it occurs.
Effectiveness of skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth on maternal and neonatal outcomes among parturients
Authors: Punnoose Reshma , Kumar Sulochana , P S Jessy 
Published: June 2020

Third stage of labour is very crucial period in a women’s life. Previously uneventful first and second stage can become abnormal within a minute with disastrous consequences. In the third stage, the mothers face many problems like haemorrhage, retained placenta and inversion of the uterus. Early skin to skin contact at birth along with the breastfeeding process is protective against the incidence and severity of PPH. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth on maternal and neonatal outcomes among parturients.The objectives were to determine the effectiveness of skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth on maternal outcomes among parturients and to determine the effectiveness of skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth on neonatal outcomes among parturients. A quasi experimental research approach was used for the study. After obtaining permission from institutional ethical committee a total of 70 parturients admitted at labour room, Medical college hospital, Kottayam (35 each in control and experimental group) were selected for the study by purposive sampling technique. The data collection instruments were socio – personal and clinical data sheet, APGAR newborn scoring chart, observation checklist during third stage of labour, infant breastfeeding assessment tool (IBFAT), LATCH scale and modified maternal breastfeeding satisfaction evaluation scale (MBFES). Skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth implemented in experimental group immediately after normal vaginal delivery for 30 minutes. Post-test for duration of third stage of labour, blood loss during third stage of labour, initiation of breast feeding, quality of first breast feeding and maternal satisfaction were performed within 80 minutes after normal vaginal delivery in control and experimental group. The data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.The results of the study revealed that skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth had statistically significant effect on maternal outcomes (duration of third stage of labour, blood loss during third stage of labour and maternal satisfaction) and neonatal outcomes (initiation of breastfeeding, quality of first breastfeeding and time of initiation of first breastfeeding) (p &#60; 0.05).The result revealed that skin to skin contact between mother and baby at birth had effect on reducing duration of third stage of labour and blood loss during third stage of labour, improving maternal satisfaction, initiation of breastfeeding, quality of first breastfeeding and time of initiation of first breastfeeding.
Outcome of pregnancy following previous spontaneous abortion
Authors: Muzaffar Ufaque , Rashid Shazia , Salaam Saima , Yousuf Shazia 
Published: June 2020

The objective of the present study was to study the pregnancy outcome following previous spontaneous abortion.The present study included 140 patients admitted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Government Medical College Srinagar, LD Hospital Jammu & Kashmir India from September 2018 to February 2019. Patients with history of spontaneous abortion preceding present pregnancy irrespective of gravidity, first visit or booked or unbooked were enrolled. Detailed history regarding previous abortion was taken and examination was done focussing on information about previous abortion. All the routine investigations along with investigation for possible etiologies of previous abortions were done. The patients were observed for complications like PROM, placenta previa, preeclampsia, placental abruption, abortion, IUFD, breech, threatened abortion, still birth during the present pregnancy.Out of 140 patients 100 were booked and 40 un-booked. Majority of the patients (39.2%) were in the age group of 25-30 years. 58.5% patients belonged to urban areas. Majority of patients (67.8%) were uneducated or educated till primary level. 15.7% of the patients had threatened abortion and 11.2% had complete abortion. Further it was found out that patients with pre term delivery and PROM were 14.2% and 9.25 respectively. 50% of patients delivered by caesarean section. It was further observed that foetal outcome was good in 72% of patients with lbw 9.2% and IUGR in 7.1% patients.From the study it was observed that patients with history of previous spontaneous abortion are associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. The pregnancy outcome in terms of maternal and foetal complications can be improved by giving proper antenatal care.
THE BUDDHISM CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE CULTURAL LIFE OF VIETNAMESE PEOPLE
Authors: Van Vu Hong 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: This research focuses on analyzing how did Buddhism creates heritages, how did that the Buddhism heritage becomes the cultural heritage of the Vietnamese people, how have Buddhist heritage is involved in cultural life, and the contribution of Buddhist cultural heritage to Vietnamese culture. The value of Buddhism’s cultural heritage in the current life of the Vietnamese people.
Methodology: It was a qualitative study and data were collected by observation, in-depth interviews; each interview took between 15 – 25 minutes. I have also studied many ancient documents that have valuable, records on the history of Buddhism in Vietnam; the epitaphs are kept in pagodas, temples, communal houses; the books of the history of Vietnam; documents of famous authors studying culture and religion.
Main Finding: The results of this study showed, in history and the present, Buddhism holds an important position in the cultural life of Vietnamese people. Today, along with the development of the country, these legacies continue to contribute to the cultural activities of the people through many pagoda festivals and many religious activities, becoming an inseparable part of the cultural life of most Vietnamese people.
Implications/Applications: This research can be used as teaching material in universities; in research institutes on religion and culture. It can also serve as a reference for tour guides in the process of introducing visitors to the cultural heritage of Buddhism in Vietnam.
Novelty/Originality: This research explores ways to create the cultural heritages of Buddhism, how Buddhism’s cultural heritages become Vietnamese cultural heritages.
The Baltic Sea as the mediterranean of the North. The Baltic Region and Poland in the periodical “Geopolitica” (1939–1942)
Authors: Violante Antonio 
Published: June 2020

In January 1939, the first issue of the Italian magazine “Geopolitica” came out: it would go on monthly until 1942. Founded in the scientific circles of Trieste by two geographers, Giorgio Roletto (1885–1967) and Ernesto Massi (1909–1997), who went on to become editor and co-editor-in-chief, respectively, the magazine was inspired by the German periodical “Zeitschrift für Geopolitik” by Karl Haushofer. However, its approach to geopolitical issues used autonomous conceptional bases quite different from those of the German school. In the intentions of its founders, “Geopolitica” should have contributed to a re-evaluation of didactics of geography and to support the imperialistic politics of Mussolini’s regime, even though it never got to have a substantial role in Italy’s governing policies. It never even obtained full recognition by the academic geographical establishment that in fact denied geopolitics its own scientific autonomy.
Frequent issues discussed in the magazine were the Mediterranean basin, the Balkans and Africa, close to the Italian geostrategic interests; but there was also cautious interest towards Poland, considered to be fully integrated into the German Lebensraum. Therefore, we could say there was some reticence in approaching this theme, along with a sort of reverence towards the German ally who was also “competition”, despite the fact that its territory saw strategic and political events of utmost importance during the entire four years of the magazine’s life.
On the other hand, the attention towards the Baltic region was free of any conditioning. It was perceived as a sort of a “Nordic Mediterranean”, wanted both by Germans and Soviets, and an object of desire also of the states who wanted to defend their difficult neutrality in the war that was raging throughout Europe.
Patogenisitas Jamur Entomopatogen Aschersonia sp. Sebagai Pengendalian Hama Kutu Sisik Citricola Coccus pseudomagnoliarium (Kuw.) (Homoptera : Coccidae) Pada Tanaman Jeruk
Authors: Pramono Barep Seto , Purnomo Hari 
Published: June 2020

One of the pests that attack the citrus plant is the scales of the citricola scales Coccus pseudomagnoliarium (Homoptera: Coccidae) which attack the branches and branches of the orange plant. This research aims to determine the level of pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. in controlling C. pseudomagnoliarium pests in citrus plants. This research was conducted by knowing the level of pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. in C. pseudomagnoliarium pests based on observations of C. pseudomagnoliarium nymph mortality variables, mycosis, mummification, and LC50 values (Lethal Concentration 50) and LT50 (Lethal Time 50). This research can provide information on the pathogenicity of Aschersonia sp. against C. pseudomagnoliarium in citrus plants. The highest percentage of mortality occurred at the treatment density of 109 spores/ml with a value of 77.50% and the lowest percentage of mortality occurred at the treatment density of 105 spores/ml with a value of 15.00%. LC values indicate that the spores density of 2.8 × 107 spores/ml has been able to kill 50% of the test insects, while to kill 90% of the test insects requires a density of 2.4 × 1010 spores/ml and to kill 95% of the test insects requires a density 1.6 × 1011 spores/ml. The LT50 calculation results show that the 1 × 109 spore density treatment has the smallest LT50 value of 3.11 days.