bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More endemic birds occur in regions with stable climate, more plant species and high altitudinal range in China
Authors: Feng Gang , Huang Xiongwei , Mao Lingfeng , Wang Na , Yang Xueting , Wang Yanping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Geographical distribution of endemic species and its multiple scale drivers are an important topic in biodiversity conservation, because these species are especially vulnerable to climate change and habitat degradation, and therefore have high conservation priority. Here, for the first time, we simultaneously linked glacial-interglacial climate change, contemporary climate, plant species richness and altitudinal range with endemic bird distribution in China.

Methods
Ordinary least squares models and simultaneous autoregressive models were used to assess the associations between endemic bird richness, endemic bird ratio and each explanatory variable. Structural Equation Models were also performed to test the direct and indirect effects of these variables on endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio.

Results
Higher endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio occurred in regions with stable glacial-interglacial temperature, i.e., southwest China. Plant species richness and altitudinal range were also positively correlated with endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio. Glacial-interglacial temperature change, contemporary precipitation, plant species richness and altitudinal range were all included in the best combination of variables for endemic bird richness. Importantly, glacial-interglacial temperature change had strong direct effects on both endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio, while plant species richness only had a direct effect on endemic bird richness.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that endemic birds in China concentrate in southwest regions where there are stable glacial-interglacial temperature, more plant species and larger altitudinal range. Notably, while stable climate has strong direct effects on both endemic bird richness and endemic bird ratio, plant species may affect endemic bird richness through its effect on overall bird species richness. Importantly, the recent anthropogenic activities have also significantly intensified in this region, which would pose huge challenge for biodiversity conservation in China.
Monitoring activity of hip injury patients (MoHIP): a sub-study of the World Hip Trauma Evaluation observational cohort study
Authors: Armitage Laura C. , Chi Yuan , Santos Mauro , Lawson Beth K. , Areia Carlos , Velardo Carmelo , Watkinson Peter J. , Tarassenko Lionel , Costa Matthew L. , Farmer Andrew J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Hip fracture is common, affecting 20% of women and 10% of men during their lifetime. The trajectory of patients’ recovery as they transition from the acute hospital setting to their usual residence is poorly understood. Recently, the use of activity trackers to monitor physical activity during recovery has been investigated as a way to explore this trajectory.

Methods
This prospective observational cohort study followed patients from hospital to home as they recovered from a hip fracture. Participants were recruited from a single centre and provided with a 3-axis logging accelerometer worn as a pendant, for 16 weeks from recruitment. Participants received monthly follow-up visits which included questions about wearing the monitor. Monthly activity monitor data were also downloaded. Participant activity was estimated from the monitor data using the calibrated “Euclidean Norm Minus One” (ENMO) metric. Polynomial mixed-effects modelling was used to evaluate the difference between the weekly activity trends of 2 groups of participants: those with and without independent mobility at 16 weeks (defined by whether aids or personal assistance were required to mobilise).

Results
Twenty-nine participants from 125 eligible patients were recruited. Of these, 19 (66%) reported being aware of wearing the monitor at least some of the time. Fourteen (48%) participants withdrew before study completion. Data for thirteen (45%) participants were of sufficient quantity to be included in the activity modelling procedure. Of these, 8 reported independent mobility at 16 weeks post-surgery, and 5 did not. By week 7, the weekly predicted mean ENMO ($$ {\overline{ENMO}}_W $$ENMO¯W) values were significantly different between the two participant groups, demonstrating feasibility of the model’s ability to predict which patients will report independent mobility at 16 weeks.

Conclusions
This is the first study to our knowledge to investigate acceptability and feasibility of a pendant-worn activity monitor in this patient cohort. Acceptability of wearing the monitor and feasibility of recruitment and retention of participants were limited. Future research into the use of activity monitors in this population should use minimally intrusive devices which are acceptable to this population.

Study registration
MoHIP is a sub-study of the World Hip Trauma Evaluation (WHiTE) Study (ISRCTN 63982700).
Pre-filter that incorporates the noise model
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA linear denoising filter is usually of lowpass type, and the main parameter in a lowpass filter is the cutoff frequency. The lowpass filters are normally shift invariant and can be implemented as convolution in the spatial domain or as multiplication in the Fourier domain. This paper presents a linear filter that is not characterized by its cutoff frequency but is characterized by the noise model. An example of such a linear filter is presented for low-dose X-ray computed tomography (CT).
Screening for Androgen Excess in Women: Accuracy of Self-Reported Excess Body Hair Growth and Menstrual Dysfunction
Authors: Chan Jessica L , Pall Marita , Ezeh Uche , Mathur Ruchi , Pisarska Margareta D , Azziz Ricardo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
Epidemiologic studies of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are limited, especially in populations where diagnostic resources are less available. In these settings, an accurate, low-cost screening tool would be invaluable.

Objective
To test the use of a simple questionnaire to identify women at increased risk for PCOS and androgen excess (AE) disorders.

Study Design
Prospective cohort study from 2006–2010.

Setting
Community-based.

Participants
Women aged 14 to 45 years.

Intervention
A screening telephone questionnaire consisting of 3 questions was tested, where participants were asked to self-assess the presence/absence of male-like hair and menstrual irregularity. Participants were then invited to undergo a direct examination, including completing a medical history and undergoing a modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) hirsutism score, ovarian ultrasound, and measurement of circulating total and free testosterone, DHEAS, TSH, prolactin and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels.

Main Outcome Measure
Accuracy of questionnaire in predicting PCOS, AE, and irregular menses.

Results
Participants with self-assessed irregular menses and/or excess hair were labeled “Possible Androgen Excess (Poss-AE)” and those self-assessed with regular menses and no excess hair were labeled “Probable Non-Androgen Excess (Non-AE).” The study was completed in 206/298 (69%) of the Poss-AE and in 139/192 (73%) of the Non-AE. Of Poss-AE and Non-AE subjects, 82.5% and 15.8%, respextively, presented with PCOS. The calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the 3-question telephone survey to predict PCOS was 89%, 78%, 85%, and 83%, respectively.

Conclusions
A simple telephone questionnaire, based on self-assessment of body hair and menstrual status, can be used with a high predictive value to identify women at risk for AE disorders, including PCOS, and to detect healthy controls. This approach could be an important tool for needed epidemiologic studies.
F-actin flashes on phagosomes mechanically deform contents for efficient digestion in macrophages
Authors: Poirier Mathieu B. , Fiorino Cara , Rajasekar Thiviya K. , Harrison Rene E. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The mechanism and role of transient F-actin recruitment, or F-actin ‘flashes’, on phagosomes remains enigmatic. Here we provide a comprehensive characterization of F-actin flashing dynamics on phagosomes, including receptor and signaling involvement. F-actin flashes predominate during the integrin-driven complement receptor (CR)-mediated phagocytosis. F-actin flashes begin shortly after internalization and persist on phagosomes for approximately 3 minutes before disassembling and reassembling several times within the first hour. Strikingly, the appearance of F-actin flashes on phagosomes coincides with morphological deformation, lysis and occasional fission of internalized red blood cells. The cadence of flashes depends on particle stiffness, and the F-actin networks on phagosomes are enriched in mechanosensitive components including focal adhesion proteins, RhoA and actomyosin. Inhibiting Arp2/3 and myosin IIA activity significantly reduces the frequency at which phagosome cargo becomes deformed during transient F-actin accumulation. At later time points, post-F-actin flashing, enhanced degradation of phagosome contents is observed, compared with non-flashing phagosomes. Taken together, these data suggest that actomyosin-driven phagosome contractions serve to disrupt malleable particles physically, a process akin to mastication, to enhance later enzymatic digestion.
Epb41l5 interacts with Iqcb1 and regulates ciliary function in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Yu Tiffany , Matsuda Miho 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Erythrocyte protein band 4.1 like 5 (EPB41L5) is an adaptor protein beneath the plasma membrane that functions to control epithelial morphogenesis. Here we report a previously uncharacterized role of EPB41L5 in controlling ciliary function. We found that EPB41L5 forms a complex with IQCB1 (previously known as NPHP5), a ciliopathy protein. Overexpression of EPB41L5 reduced IQCB1 localization at the ciliary base in cultured mammalian epithelial cells. Conversely, epb41l5 knockdown increased IQCB1 localization at the ciliary base. epb41l5-deficient zebrafish embryos or embryos expressing C-terminally modified forms of Epb41l5 developed cilia with reduced motility and exhibited left–right patterning defects, an outcome of abnormal ciliary function. We observed genetic synergy between epb41l5 and iqcb1. Moreover, EPB41L5 decreased IQCB1 interaction with CEP290, another ciliopathy protein and a component of the ciliary base and centrosome. Together, these observations suggest that EPB41L5 regulates the composition of the ciliary base and centrosome through IQCB1 and CEP290.
Internet-mediated research in the wake of Covid-19: Dealing with disclosure of serious risk of harm
Authors: Edelman Natalie 
Published: May 2020

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic many studies are using internet-mediated research (IMR) methods. However, IMR guidance omits the issue of disclosure of serious risk of harm to self or others (DSRHSO). Studies involving face-to-face data collection on sensitive topics or with participants experiencing high adversity, often stipulate that participant confidentiality be broken in the face of DSRHSO. In IMR, participation may have been anonymous, either as part of a research strategy or because participants have chosen a pseudonym. Lack of valid contact details and other identifiers can also make tracing participants—to invoke safeguarding procedures such as social services involvement—more difficult. The need for guidance is also pressing as the pandemic impacts emotional and psychological well-being, so that DSRHSO may be more likely, even when researching non-sensitive topics. Those suffering abuse or severe mental illness may also take the opportunity afforded by research participation to DSRHSO in order to access help, but may still need guidance or prompts to provide contact details. Lack of existing guidance likely reflects that studies on sensitive topics are recommended for face-to-face data collection precisely because researchers have low control over risks in online settings. Prioritising participant safety (by requiring participant identifiers so that confidentiality can be broken if needed) may reduce data validity and participation by the most vulnerable. Nonetheless, the current pandemic presents both an opportunity and a need to establish IMR guidance on handling DSRHSO. In the post-pandemic era, such guidance may also facilitate safe online participation by those who are unable to participate in face-to-face data collection for reasons such as domestic abuse, care and work responsibilities or stigmatisation fears. Planned production of DSRHSO guidance will take an open, transparent and inter-disciplinary approach.
Admission Control Biases in Hospital Unit Capacity Management: How Occupancy Information Hurdles and Decision Noise Impact Utilization
Authors: Kim Song-Hee , Tong Jordan , Peden Carol 
Published: May 2020

Providing patients with timely care from the appropriate unit involves both correct clinical evaluation of patient needs and making admission decisions to effectively manage a unit with limited capacity in the face of stochastic patient arrivals and lengths of stay. We study human decision behavior in the latter operations management task. Using behavioral models and controlled experiments in which physicians and MTurk workers manage a simulated hospital unit, we identify cognitive and environmental factors that drive systematic admission decision bias. We report on two main findings. First, seemingly innocuous “occupancy information hurdles” (e.g., having to type a password to view current occupancy) can cause a chain of events that leads physicians to maintain systematically lower unit utilization. Specifically, these hurdles cause physicians to make most admission decisions without checking the current unit occupancy. Then—between the times that they do check—physicians underestimate the number of available beds when occupancy increases from admissions are more salient than occupancy decreases from discharges. Second, decision-related random error or “noise” leads to higher- or lower-than-optimal utilization of hospital units in predictable patterns, depending on the system parameters. We provide evidence that these patterns are due to some settings providing more opportunity for physicians to mistakenly admit patients and other settings that provide more opportunity to mistakenly reject patients. These findings help identify when and why clinicians are likely to make inefficient decisions because of human cognitive limitations and suggest mitigation strategies to help hospital units improve their capacity management. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Supply Chain Competition: A Market Game Approach
Authors: Korpeoglu C. Gizem , Körpeoğlu Ersin , Cho Soo-Haeng 
Published: May 2020

We study supply chains where multiple suppliers sell to multiple retailers through a wholesale market. In practice, we often observe that both suppliers and retailers tend to influence the wholesale market price that retailers pay to suppliers. However, existing models of supply chain competition do not capture retailers’ influence on the wholesale price (i.e., buyer power) and show that the wholesale price and the order quantity per retailer do not change with the number of retailers. To overcome this limitation, we develop a competition model based on the market game mechanism in which the wholesale price is determined based on both suppliers’ and retailers’ decisions. When taking into account retailers’ buyer power, we obtain the result that is consistent with the observed practice: As the number of retailers increases, each retailer’s buyer power decreases, and each retailer is willing to pay more for her order, so the wholesale price increases. In this case, supply chain expansion to include more retailers (or suppliers) turns out to be more beneficial in terms of supply chain efficiency than what the prior literature shows without considering buyer power. Finally, we analyze the integration of two local supply chains and show that although the profit of the integrated supply chain is greater than the sum of total profits of local supply chains, integration may reduce the total profit of firms in a retailer-oriented supply chain that has more retailers than suppliers. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Trust, Collaboration, and Economic Growth
Authors: Kondo Jiro , Li Danielle , Papanikolaou Dimitris 
Published: May 2020

We propose a macroeconomic model in which variation in the level of trust leads to higher innovation, investment, and productivity growth. The key feature in the model is a hold-up friction in the creation of new capital. Innovators generate ideas but are inefficient at implementing them into productive capital on their own. Firms can help innovators implement their ideas efficiently but cannot ex ante commit to compensating them appropriately. Rather, firms are disciplined only by the value of their reputations—the present value of their future partnerships. We model trust as a public signal and construct a correlated equilibrium. When trust is high, firms anticipate fruitful collaborations and thus can credibly commit to not expropriating inventors, leading to the more efficient production of new capital. Our model can be used to qualitatively replicate the empirical relation between measures of trust and investment, innovation, and productivity growth—at both the micro and macro level. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.
Nas Trilhas do Cuidado: A Afirmação da Dimensão Sensível da Experiência na Abordagem Gestáltica
Authors: Quadros Laura Cristina de Toledo , Prestrelo Eleonôra Torres 
Published: May 2020

O artigo em questão busca discorrer acerca das exigências, ou melhor dizendo, das convocações que a tarefa de atuar e ensinar Gestalt-terapia nos traz, considerando algumas peculiaridades que atravessam esse fazer gestáltico no contexto acadêmico. Ressaltamos que o eixo central de nossa narrativa apoia-se na ideia do cuidado enquanto prática e intervenção nas múltiplas ações e proposições que constituem a formação universitária em psicologia, perpassando pela nossa compreensão e atuação na clínica gestáltica. Ao afirmarmos a dimensão sensível da abordagem gestáltica, discutimos a articulação da sensibilidade e do cuidado como uma política ontológica, destacando a responsabilidade que temos de produzir mundos com nossas práticas. Nesse sentido, o texto tem a proposição de discutir e pensar nossas práticas durante todos esses anos na interseção entre a universidade, a clínica e a vida. Esse movimento, portanto, enfatiza a impossibilidade de separação entre tais aspectos numa abordagem visionária como é a Gestalt-terapia, cujo fundamento principal é a experimentação. Finalizamos ressaltando a importância da valorização das pequenas ações, afastando-nos de uma certa espetacularização desse fazer, cuja a dimensão política se desdobra no cotidiano.
Plantão Psicológico Gestáltico - A Escrita de uma Experiência
Authors: Soares Luciana Loyola Madeira 
Published: May 2020

Apresento a escrita de minha experiência de criação do campo de estágio em Plantão Psicológico fundamentado na Abordagem Gestáltica num curso de graduação em Psicologia numa Instituição particular de Ensino Superior no Rio de Janeiro. Sendo escassa a literatura gestáltica neste tema, recorri a autores baseados em Carl Rogers, em cuja abordagem há farta oferta de publicações, o que me permitiu criar boas conexões com autores da Gestalt-terapia. Chamei para compor esse diálogo autores da Psicologia Social e, assim, proponho o único atendimento no Plantão Psicológico Gestáltico como uma prática de clínica ampliada que pró-move deslocamentos nos fazeres acadêmicos na graduação em Psicologia por expandir as práticas clínicos na clínica-escola para além da psicoterapia bipessoal e por propor a sensibilidade como condição de encorpamento ético nos fazeres psicológicos. Finalizo, indicando o Plantão Psicológico Gestáltico como uma prática política e inclusiva, portanto, democrática, contemplando contemporaneamente a demanda por atenção psicológica pontual, em diferentes espaços e contextos - fomentando atenção especialmente à nossa formação universitária.
O Uso do Jogo Digital "Hospital Mirim" como Estratégia de Enfrentamento à Procedimento Invasivo
Authors: Furtado Kamilla Regatieri , Dias Tatiane Lebre , Marchett Alice , Nunes Eunice Pereira dos Santos 
Published: May 2020

Os procedimentos invasivos que envolvem agulha são capazes de provocar dor e ansiedade nas crianças, em função de implicarem uma expectativa de sofrimento físico e perda de controle da situação. A utilização de atividades lúdicas visa minimizar os efeitos dos processos dolorosos, se constituindo como estratégias de humanização para o contexto hospitalar. Este trabalho investigou os efeitos do serious game "Hospital Mirim" como estratégia de enfrentamento ao procedimento invasivo de coleta de sangue. Participaram 40 crianças com idade entre seis e 10 anos, sendo 20 do grupo controle e 20 do grupo experimental (intervenção), sorteadas aleatoriamente. Os instrumentos incluíram: (a) Entrevista semiestruturada; (b) Jogo digital Hospital Mirim; (c) Escala de dor; (d) Escala de observação de procedimento invasivo. Os resultados permitiram verificar que: (a) o grupo controle na etapa de pós-procedimento invasivo apresentou maior percepção de nível de dor comparado ao grupo experimental; (b) houve diferença significativa nos grupos entre a percepção da dor e os comportamentos apresentados durante o procedimento; (c) não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação aos comportamentos durante o procedimento invasivo. De modo geral, o jogo foi um instrumento facilitador ao enfrentamento da coleta de sangue pelas crianças, diminuindo a percepção da dor.
Pengembangan Sistem Distribusi Air Bersih Di Kecamatan Dawarblandong, Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Sugiarti Riris 
Published: May 2020

Kecamatan Dawarblandong merupakan wilayah pedesaan yang direncanakan akan menjadi kawasan pertambangan mineral dan kawasan strategis sebagai penompang industri besar di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Pengembangan wilayah ini akan mengakibatkan peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat, dan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk harus diimbangi dengan pelayanan masyarakat yang lebih baik lagi seperti halnya pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih. Direncanakannya pengembangan tersebut, maka akan dianalisis kondisi perpipaan. Analisis teknis dilakukan berdasarkan data yang didapatkan dilapangan dan hasil real demand survey. Analisis dan simulasi sistem distribusi dilakukan dengan program EPANET 2.0 dengan mengacu pada SNI 7509-2011. Pengembangan sistem distribusi yang direncanakan untuk tahap 1 mampu melayani 60 % dari jumlah penduduk dengan kebutuhan air bersih rata-rata 56,55 L/dtk yang disediakan oleh PDAM. Tahap 2 melayani 80% dari jumlah penduduk yang ada dengan kebutuhan air bersih rata-rata dari PDAM sebesar 74,87 L/dtk. Pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih ini mampu dilayani oleh SPAM Regional Mojo-Lamong. Rencana anggaran biaya dalam perencanaan pengembangan sistem distribusi air bersih sebesar Rp 4.111.117.543,90.