bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of strategies to improve general practitioner-nurse collaboration and communication in regard to hospital admissions of nursing home residents (interprof ACT): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Müller Christiane , Hesjedal-Streller Berit , Fleischmann Nina , Tetzlaff Britta , Mallon Tina , Scherer Martin , Köpke Sascha , Balzer Katrin , Gärtner Linda , Maurer Indre , Friede Tim , König Hans-Helmut , Hummers Eva 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
In Germany, up to 50% of nursing home residents are admitted to a hospital at least once a year. It is often unclear whether this is beneficial or even harmful. Successful interprofessional collaboration and communication involving general practitioners (GPs) and nurses may improve medical care of nursing home residents. In the previous interprof study, the six-component intervention package interprof ACT was developed to facilitate collaboration of GPs and nurses in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the interprof ACT intervention.

Methods
This multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial compares nursing homes receiving the interprof ACT intervention package for a duration of 12 months (e.g. comprising appointment of mutual contact persons, shared goal setting, standardised GPs’ home visits) with a control group (care as usual). A total of 34 nursing homes are randomised, and overall 680 residents recruited. The intervention package is presented in a kick-off meeting to GPs, nurses, residents/relatives or their representatives. Nursing home nurses act as change agents to support local adaption and implementation of the intervention measures. Primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of hospitalisation within 12 months. Secondary outcomes include admissions to hospital, days admitted to hospital, use of other medical services, prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication and quality of life. Additionally, health economic and a mixed methods process evaluation will be performed.

Discussion
This study investigates a complex intervention tailored to local needs of nursing homes. Outcomes reflect the healthcare and health of nursing home residents, as well as the feasibility of the intervention package and its impact on interprofessional communication and collaboration. Because of its systematic development and its flexible nature, interprof ACT is expected to be viable for large-scale implementation in routine care services regardless of local organisational conditions and resources available for medical care for nursing home residents on a regular basis. Recommendations will be made for an improved organisation of primary care for nursing home residents. In addition, the results may provide important knowledge and data for the development and evaluation of further strategies to improve outpatient care for elderly care-receivers.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03426475. Initially registered on 7 February 2018.
Ensemble mobility predictor based on random forest and Markovian property using LBSN data
Authors: Araújo Felipe , Araújo Fábio , Machado Kássio , Rosário Denis , Cerqueira Eduardo , Villas Leandro A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The ubiquitous connectivity of Location-Based Systems (LBS) allows people to share individual location-related data anytime. In this sense, Location-Based Social Networks (LBSN) provides valuable information to be available in large-scale and low-cost fashion via traditional data collection methods. Moreover, this data contains spatial, temporal, and social features of user activity, enabling a system to predict user mobility. In this sense, mobility prediction plays crucial roles in urban planning, traffic forecasting, advertising, and recommendations, and has thus attracted lots of attention in the past decade. In this article, we introduce the Ensemble Random Forest-Markov (ERFM) mobility prediction model, a two-layer ensemble learner approach, in which the base learners are also ensemble learning models. In the inner layer, ERFM considers the Markovian property (memoryless) to build trajectories of different lengths, and the Random Forest algorithm to predict the user’s next location for each trajectory set. In the outer layer, the outputs from the first layer are aggregated based on the classification performance of each weak learner. The experimental results on the real user trajectory dataset highlight a higher accuracy and f1-score of ERFM compared to five state-of-the-art predictors.
A case of aggressive aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis aggressive caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Authors: Yamazaki Kazuhiro , Minakata Kenji , Sakamoto Kazuhisa , Sakai Jiro , Ide Yujiro , Kawatou Masahide , Kanemitsu Hideo , Ikeda Tadashi , Minatoya Kenji , Sakata Ryuzo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species, which are weak pathogenic bacteria generally. However, the acute and severe pathogenicity of Staphylococcus lugdunensis infective endocarditis may be due to the rapid growth of large vegetation and consequent valve destruction.

Case presentation
The patient was an 81-year-old male who visited our hospital with chief complaints of low back pain and high fever. Four years before this visit, he had undergone aortic valve replacement for aortic regurgitation. He was found to be hypotensive. Although there is no heart murmur on auscultation and echocardiography revealed negative findings with aortic valve, a blood test showed increases in the white blood cell count and C-reactive protein concentration. On the next day, Gram-positive cocci were detected in a blood culture and echocardiography detected a large vegetation on the prosthetic valve with increased flow velocity. Therefore, he underwent redo aortic valve replacement emergently. Staphylococcus lugdunensis was identified in blood samples and vegetation culture. Consequently, the patient was treated with antibiotics for 5 weeks after the operation and discharged home.

Conclusions
We experienced rapidly progressive prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Hence, Staphylococcus lugdunensis infective endocarditis requires aggressive treatment, and the pathogenicity of this coagulase-negative Staphylococcus with high drug susceptibility should not be underestimated.
Pediatric tuina for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in preschool children: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Shu-Cheng , Yu Juan , Suen Lorna Kwai-Ping , Sun Yan , Pang Ya-Zheng , Wang Dong-Dong , Zhao Wen-Xia , Yeung Wing-Fai 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Medication and behavior therapy are the conventional treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but they have limitations for preschool children. Evidence suggests that pediatric tuina, which is a modality of traditional Chinese medicine, might have beneficial effects on this condition.

Objective
To assess the feasibility of conducting an RCT in terms of recruitment, use, and acceptability of the parent-administered pediatric tuina for ADHD symptoms in preschoolers.

Methods
It is a single-center, two-arm, parallel, open-label, pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT). Sixty children with pre-specified ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity, anxiety, and sleep disturbance) together with one of their parents will be recruited and randomized into two groups at a 1:1 ratio. Parents in the parent-administered tuina group (intervention group, n = 30) will attend an online training program to learn pediatric tuina skills for ADHD symptoms and conduct this treatment on their children at home. Parents in the parent-child interaction group (comparison group, n = 30) will attend an online training about progressive muscle relaxation exercise and do this exercise with their children at home. Additional teaching materials will be provided to the participants in both groups. Both interventions should be carried out every other day during a 2-month treatment period, with each time around 20 min. Assessment will be performed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. The primary outcome measure is the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham parent scale; the secondary outcomes include preschool anxiety scale, children’s sleep habits questionnaire, and parental stress scale. A process evaluation embedded within the outcome evaluation will be performed. Differences in the scale scores and test parameters between groups will be examined using a linear mixed-effects model. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic content analysis, facilitated by QSR NVivo.

Discussion
This study will provide evidence on the acceptability and feasibility of pediatric tuina for ADHD in preschool children. The process evaluation will help to better understand the facilitators and barriers of the intervention functioning.

Trial registration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04237259) on 14 February 2020.
Protocol version: 2; date, 23 June 2020
Use of Sacubitril/valsartan in patients with cardio toxicity and heart failure due to chemotherapy
Authors: Gregorietti Vanesa , Fernandez Teresa Lopez , Costa Diego , Chahla Elías Ortega , Daniele Andrés J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a critical problem with an impact on both oncological and cardiovascular prognosis, especially when it prevents patients from receiving cancer treatment. Standard therapy for heart failure (HF) is recommended for CTRCD, but there is no well-established evidence on how sacubitril/valsartan may help cancer patients with cardiotoxicity.

Objectives
The aim of this trial was to study the effectiveness of sacubitril-valsartan in patients with CTRCD treated in cardio-oncology units.

Methods
We enrolled 635 patients with breast cancer and followed them with echocardiography and NT- proBNP. Patients who developed left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure were treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) (enalapril) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) (valsartan), aldosterone antagonists (eplerenone), digitalis and diuretics (furosemide), as needed. When patients remained symptomatic and met the PARADIGM-HF inclusion criteria, sacubitril/valsartan was started instead of enalapril or valsartan.
We analyzed clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic variables to determine the beneficial effects of sacubitril/valsartan on left ventricular remodeling (improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricle internal diameter in diastole), diastolic dysfunction (E/e’ ratio), reduction in NT-proBNP levels, New York Heart Association (NHYA) class and improvement in the 6-min walk test.
Also, we analyzed serum creatinine and potassium levels to determine treatmentsafety in this population. Median follow-up was 20 months.

Results
Twenty-eight patients developed cardiotoxicity and were treated with sacubitril/valsartan. The sacubitril/valsartan dose was 100 mg (sacubitril 49 mg/valsartan 51 mg) in 12 patients (42.85%) and 200 mg (sacubitril 97 mg/valsartan 103 mg) in 16 patients (57.15%). No deaths were reported, and one patient underwent heart transplantation.
Baseline median NT-proBNP was 997.5 pg/ml (IQR 663.8 — 2380.8), which decreased to a median of 416.5 pg/ml (IQR 192.0–798.2) on follow-up with p < 0.001.
Baseline NYHA functional class was III (78.6%) or IV (21.4%), and it improved to I (57.1%) or II (42.9%) on follow-up. LVEF increased with treatment from 26.7 ± 5.4% to 32.3 ± 5.5% (p < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in left ventricle internal diameter in diastole (LVIDD), diastolic function, 6-min walk test, and mitral valve regurgitation. There were no differences between basal and follow-up levels of serum creatinine or potassium.

Conclusion
Sacubitril/valsartan might be a promising treatment option in patients with refractory CTRCD.
Body Mass Index, Chemotherapy-Related Weight Changes, and Disease-Free Survival in Haitian Women With Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Fadelu Temidayo , Damuse Ruth , Lormil Joarly , Pecan Elizabeth , Greenberg Lauren , Dubuisson Cyrille , Pierre Viergela , Triedman Scott A. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Rebbeck Timothy R. 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE Few studies have explored the relationship between body habitus and breast cancer outcomes in Caribbean women of African ancestry. This study evaluates the association between body mass index (BMI) and disease-free survival (DFS) in a retrospective cohort of 224 female Haitian patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS BMI was obtained from the medical records and categorized as normal weight (< 25 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥ 30 kg/m2). DFS was defined as time from surgical resection to disease recurrence, death, or censoring. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and the association between BMI and DFS was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models to control for multiple confounders. Exploratory analyses were conducted on weight changes during adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS Eighty-three patients (37.1%) were normal weight, 66 (29.5%) were overweight, and 75 (33.5%) were obese. There were no statistical differences in baseline characteristics or treatments received by BMI group. Twenty-six patients died and 73 had disease recurrence. Median DFS was 41.1 months. Kaplan-Meier estimates showed no significant DFS differences by BMI categories. After controlling for confounders, normal weight patients, when compared with overweight and obese patients, had adjusted hazard ratios of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.49 to 1.49) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.52 to 1.55), respectively. Overall, mean weight loss of 2% of body weight was noted over the course of adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who were postmenopausal ( P = .007) and obese ( P = .05) lost more weight than other groups. However, chemotherapy-related weight changes did not have an impact on DFS. CONCLUSION Baseline BMI and weight changes during adjuvant chemotherapy did not have an impact on DFS in this cohort. Future prospective studies in similar Caribbean breast cancer cohorts are needed to verify study findings.
Emerging roles of non-coding RNAs in vector-borne infections
Authors: Bensaoud Chaima , Martins Larissa Almeida , Aounallah Hajer , Hackenberg Michael , Kotsyfakis Michail 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are nucleotide sequences that are known to assume regulatory roles previously thought to be reserved for proteins. Their functions include the regulation of protein activity and localization and the organization of subcellular structures. Sequencing studies have now identified thousands of ncRNAs encoded within the prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes, leading to advances in several fields including parasitology. ncRNAs play major roles in several aspects of vector–host–pathogen interactions. Arthropod vector ncRNAs are secreted through extracellular vesicles into vertebrate hosts to counteract host defense systems and ensure arthropod survival. Conversely, hosts can use specific ncRNAs as one of several strategies to overcome arthropod vector invasion. In addition, pathogens transmitted through vector saliva into vertebrate hosts also possess ncRNAs thought to contribute to their pathogenicity. Recent studies have addressed ncRNAs in vectors or vertebrate hosts, with relatively few studies investigating the role of ncRNAs derived from pathogens and their involvement in establishing infections, especially in the context of vector-borne diseases. This Review summarizes recent data focusing on pathogen-derived ncRNAs and their role in modulating the cellular responses that favor pathogen survival in the vertebrate host and the arthropod vector, as well as host ncRNAs that interact with vector-borne pathogens.
Transformation of Scientific and Technical Personnel Management System As a Key Factor for the Improvement of Hi-Tech Aerospace Company
Authors: Norova A. 
Published: November 2020

The article describes major problems of R&D personnel management in the aerospace industry. This paper considers actual personnel policy of Russian research enterprise, which is one of the world is leading spacecraft companies.
Continued rapid growth of Industry 4.0 reveals the readiness of a modern society to accept new business conditions and use new ways of communication. The largest companies in each industry sector, in turn, are taking significant steps to reorganize technological processes, integrate new business mechanisms, as well as improve tools for managing resources, including human resources. Aerospace is undoubtedly the most high-tech manufacturing sector, which requires its participants to constantly develop innovative potential, develop new technical and technological solutions and their useful practical application. Therefore, the possibility of success in this area depends directly on scientists.
The author carried out a sociological research by polling R&D employees of this company and its findings revealed significant shortcomings of the existing personnel management system such as incorrect tools for assessing the innovative performance of R&D personnel. These shortcomings inhibit reaching the goals and aims of the company. Therefore, the main steps to improve the existing R&D personnel management system in the aerospace industry are proposed.
The silver bullet reversed: the impact of evidence on policymaker attention
Authors: García Leire Rincón 
Published: November 2020

Background: Despite the growing attention given to the political process of evidence-based policymaking (EBPM), we still know little about how evidence is processed at the early stages of the policymaking process, especially at the agenda-setting stage. Whether and when political elites pay attention to evidence-based information is crucial to the study of EBPM but also essential to the well-functioning of democracy.
Aims and objectives: The aim of this paper is to cover this gap, by asking whether evidence increases policymaker attention to policy proposals. The working hypothesis is that everything else being constant, evidence should increase policy-maker attention.
Methods: To test this hypothesis, this paper relies on a field experiment embedded in a real-life fundraising campaign of an advocacy organisation targeted at the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). The field experiment is embedded in a real-life fundraising campaign of an advocacy organisation targeted at the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs).
Findings: Results show that information type matters to policy-maker attention, but evidence is not effective in this respect. Findings also suggest that there are no important differences between political groups and, crucially, that previous policy support does not have an impact on policy-maker attention. This paper shows that that while evidence is essential to the policy process, ideas are key to attract policymakers’ attention at the individual level in the absence of prior demand.
Discussion and conclusion: Overall, findings suggest that empirical information is not a quick pass for policy-maker attention. In this context, other types of information and framing are likely to make a difference. Future studies should analyse how framing may alter political elites’ predisposition to attend empirical evidence.
Las tejedoras mayas de Guatemala: un proceso activo para la salvaguardia de su patrimonio cultural inmaterial
Authors: Salvador i Almela Marta , Abellan Calvet Núria 
Published: November 2020

Currently, many are the phenomena that occur around intangible cultural heritage (ICH), related to its politics and legacy. With a critical analysis perspective, this article aims to describe the processes of patrimonialisation, commodification, and touristification of ICH, especially of the Guatemalan Mayan fabrics. The ongoing movement of Guatemalan weavers to protect and vindicate the cultural value of this art brings to light the role of different actors that intervene in intangible cultural heritage and, of greater relevance, indigenous communities. The following analysis framework on the diverse conceptualisations of heritage, authenticity, commodification and touristification allows for a deeper understanding of the Mayan weavers’ situation. The methodology used in this article consists on a case study, through which the following main conclusions arise: the lack of protection of ICH of this case study given the complex definitions and categorisations; the need to identify the consequences of commodification and touristification of ancestral tapestries, highlighting the importance of tourism management from the communities; and, finally, the key role of women as transmitters and protectors of ICH, who have headed a process of movement and empowerment.
Enhanced detection and sizing algorithm to improve LOAC optical particle counter performances
Authors: Verdier Nicolas , Papy Jean Michel , Renard Jean Baptiste , Lefevre Maximilien , Agrapart Clémence 
Published: November 2020

The light optical aerosols counter (LOAC) instrument is an optical aerosol counter that allows atmospheric particles from 0.2 to 50 µm to be individually counted and classified by size. The scattered light due to the interaction between a particle and a laser beam is captured by photodiodes and produces an electric pulse. Detecting these pulses and measuring their amplitude is a key process to measure the particle size. This paper first details the current method to achieve such estimation and proposes a correlation algorithm to improve the detection and the assessment of particle sizes. In the last section, some test results are presented to demonstrate the performance of this new algorithm.
Polarization hole burning and self-rotation of the polarization ellipse in an acetylene-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Casillas Nayeli , Stepanov Serguei , Ocegueda Manuel , Hernández Eliseo 
Published: November 2020

We report on the first experimental observation of the polarization ellipse self-rotation (PSR) and the polarization hole burning (PHB) nonlinear optical effects for the acetylene (

C

2

H

2

) vibrational–rotational transitions in the 1520–1530 nm spectral range. The experiments were performed using a 1-m-long acetylene-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber cell at room temperature and gas pressure of 0.4–4 Torr. The PHB effect was experimentally observed as a photo-induced input polarization ellipticity change in the output light. Among all the investigated acetylene transitions P9, P7, P5, and P3, the maximum ellipticity change of

∼

35

%

was observed at zero detuning from the center of the P5 absorption line with the initial optical absorbance about 6. The obtained results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions of a classical analysis based on the model of the acetylene molecules as gyrators (circular oscillators) with random orientations. For the inhomogeneously broadened acetylene absorption P5 line (

∼

500

M
H
z

), the PSR effect observed for tuning at the sides of the P5 line, as expected, proved to be by factor

Δ

ω

i
h

/

Δ

ω
h

(inhomogeneous-to-homogeneous broadening ratio) lower than the maximum PHB. The PSR constant for these conditions proved to be about

0.1

m

−
1

, which is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than that reported earlier for the alkali metal (K, Rb) vapors.