bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on the Clinical Pharmacology of Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate for the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Cui Cheng , Tu Siqi , En Valerie Sia Jie , Li Xiaobei , Yao Xueting , Li Haiyan , Liu Dongyang 
Published: June 2020

Background:
As the number of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infected
people is greatly increasing worldwide, the international medical situation becomes very serious. Potential
therapeutic drugs, vaccine and stem cell replacement methods are emerging, so it is urgent to find specific
therapeutic drugs and the best treatment regimens. After the publications on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with anti-
SARS-COV-2 activity in vitro, a small, non-randomized, open-label clinical trial showed that HCQ treatment was
significantly associated with reduced viral load in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Meanwhile, a
large prophylaxis study of HCQ sulfate for COVID-19 has been initiated in the United States. HCQ offered a
promising efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19, but the optimal administration is still being explored.

Methods:
We used the keyword "hydroxychloroquine" to conduct a literature search in PubMed to collect relevant
literature on the mechanism of action of HCQ, its clinical efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetic characteristics,
precautions for clinical use and drug interactions to extract and organize information.

Results:
This paper reviews the mechanism, clinical efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetic characteristics, exposureresponse
relationship and precautions and drug interactions of HCQ, and summarizes dosage recommendations for
HCQ sulfate.

Conclusion:
It has been proved that HCQ, which has an established safety profile, is effective against SARS-CoV-2
with sufficient pre-clinical rationale and evidence. Data from high-quality clinical trials are urgently needed
worldwide.
Data Analysis-Driven Precise Asthmatic Treatment by Targeting Mast Cells
Authors: Tan Yupin , Zou Lili , Li Na , Huang Li , Chen Meiji , Li Xuexiang , Zheng Xue , Li Wenkai , Li Yun , Yang Chun-Tao 
Published: June 2020

Background:Although the importance of mast cells in asthma has been studied, mast cellsinduced global changes in lungs are largely unknown. Data-driven identification contributes to discovering significant biomarkers or therapeutic targets, which are the basis of effective clinical medications.Objective:This study aims to explore the effects of mast cells on gene expression in asthmatic lungs, and to assess the curative effects of inhaled budesonide (BUD).Methods:Pulmonary gene expression in KitWsh mice with or without mast cell engraftment was analyzed with R software. Functional enrichment of Gene Ontology and KEGG was carried out through the DAVID online tool. Hub genes were identified with String and Cytoscape software.Results:The array analyses showed that the mast cell engraftment enhanced inflammation/immune response, cytokine/chemokine signal, and monocyte/neutrophil/lymphocyte chemotaxis. Interleukin (IL)-6 was identified to be a significant hub gene with the highest interaction degree. Based on this, the effects of BUD were investigated on the aspects of anti-inflammation. BUD’s treatment was found to reduce serum IL-6 content and pulmonary inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma rats. The treatment also downregulated beta-tryptase expression both in lung tissues and serum. Morphologically, the accumulation and degranulation of mast cells were significantly suppressed. Notably, the effects of BUD on inflammation and degranulation were comparable with Tranilast (a classic mast cell inhibitor), while a remarkable synergy was not observed.Conclusion:This study presented a unique pulmonary gene profile induced by mast cell engraftment, which could be reversed through blockage of mast cells or inhaled BUD.
Lipid Profile Results after Cardiovascular Prevention Programme: Euroaction Model in Spain
Authors: Buigues Cristina , Queralt Ana , De Velasco Jose A. , Salvador-Sanz Antonio , Jennings Catriona , Wood David , Trapero Isabel 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programmes (CVPRP) are an
established model of care designed to improve risk factor management. They have been successfully
implemented in a variety of settings, in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Objective:
To assess the long term impact of a nurse-coordinated, multidisciplinary, CVPRP in patients
with CHD in the reduction of lipid profile and medication prescription in clinical practice.

Methods:
The study used an analytical, experimental, population based, prospective and longitudinal
design. In Spain, the study was conducted in the Valencian Community, including two randomized
hospitals. Coronary patients were prospectively and consecutively identified in both hospitals. The
intervention hospital carried out an 8-week CVPRP.

Results:
The proportion of patients achieving improved standards of preventive care increased in the
intervention hospital compared with the usual care hospital, mainly regarding LDL-C concentrations.
Furthermore, an increased prescription of statins was found in the intervention group. However, there
were no statistically significant differences in triglycerides and glucose levels.

Conclusion:
The EUROACTION nurse-led CVPRP enabled coronary patients to control lipid profile
to the European targets. A large proportion of patients were prescribed statin therapy as cardioprotective
medication with favorable changes in medication for coronary patients. To improve the potential
for cardiovascular prevention, we need local preventive cardiology programmes adapted to the health
policy of individual countries.
Topónimos en la costa Yucatán-Belice: variación del nombre en algunos cayos e islotes
Authors: Ramos Díaz Martín 
Published: June 2020

<p>La historia de los topónimos en la costa Yucatán-Belice es una investigación por hacerse. Los datos cartográficos, etnográficos y lingüísticos aportados por distintas fuentes históricas son un primer censo de la variación toponímica en el área. Desconocemos la toponimia amerindia de docenas de islotes y cayos vecinos al arrecife mesoamericano. Del análisis de los mapas históricos disponibles del Caribe se desprende un registro de cuándo fueron sustituidos los sustantivos geográficos amerindios por una toponimia hispana, inglesa, francesa u holandesa. La siguiente investigación sobre la variación de nombres geográficos en una región costera es un recorrido por la historia de la formación de topónimos en la orilla marítima del Caribe mexicano y en la parte norte de Belice. A partir del análisis de mapas novohispanos y decimonónicos, se propone una inicial clasificación de topónimos de la región en seis grupos.</p>
Las estrategias de los anarquistas del Partido Liberal Mexicano, 1902-1918: modificaciones en el entorno estadounidense y revolucionario
Authors: Samaniego López Marco Antonio 
Published: June 2020

<p>El artículo analiza las principales estrategias de los anarquistas del Partido Liberal Mexicano para, por un lado, no declararse anarquistas y al mismo tiempo vincularse con ácratas en Estados Unidos y Europa. De esta forma, trataron de llevar a la práctica la idea de Kropotkin y Malatesta de realizar dos organizaciones simultáneas, una pública y la otra secreta. Posteriormente, al iniciarse la revolución en México, llamaron a la expropiación de todos los medios de producción y promovieron la llegada de libertarios residentes en Estados Unidos. A ellos debía sumarse el pueblo americano. Su retórica consistió en insistir en que la revolución en México ya era anarquista y por tanto existía el terreno propicio para la llegada de los camaradas de todo el mundo. Sin embargo, y a pesar de la insistencia, el llamado no funcionó como ellos indicaron.</p>
Marion Bryce en México (1901)
Authors: Toledo García Itzel 
Published: June 2020

<p>Este texto presenta la traducción de las cartas que envió Marion Bryce a su madre, la señora Ashton, en octubre de 1901 mientras realizaba una visita a México con su esposo, el académico y miembro liberal del parlamento británico James Bryce. La estancia de Marion en México no ha sido de interés para los especialistas en la literatura de viajeros británicos, pero vale la pena recuperarla porque nos permite conocer más sobre la vida política, económica, social y cotidiana durante el Porfiriato.</p>
María Victoria Crespo, Dictadura en América Latina. Nuevas aproximaciones teóricas y conceptuales
Authors: Spindola Zago Octavio 
Published: June 2020

Reseña sobre María Victoria Crespo, <em>Dictadura en América Latina. Nuevas aproximaciones teóricas y conceptuales,</em> México, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 2017.
An Ayurveda Perspective on Khageshwar Rasa W. S. R. to Rasayogsagar
Authors: Dongre Swati , Ganvir Rakesh 
Published: June 2020

The stream of ayurveda science that deals with therapeutics properties of minerals, precious stones, metals and poisonous herbs is termed as Rasashastra. This branch not only related with therapeutic properties of Rasaushadhies but deals with processing of Rasa-Dravyas. The Rasa drugs help to treats many diseases and imparts rejuvenating effects. The theories and principles of Rasashastra help to convert toxic substance into non-toxic life saving medicines. The process involved in the preparation in of such drugs need to be followed carefully and must be analyzed to ensure safety of formulations. Considering this current study presented various analytical aspects related to the Khageshwara Rasa.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasashastra, Khageshwara Rasa, Analysis
Antioxidant activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Cytotoxic activity of Euphorbia aegyptiaca
Authors: Osman Adam Osman Adam , Abadi Ragaa Satti Mohmmed , Ayoub Saad Mohamed Hussein 
Published: June 2020

Euphorbia aegyptiaca is a herbaceous plant traditionally used in Sudan for treatment of various diseases, and the study of this plant is still limited. The aim of the present study was to screen the phytochemicals and to assess the Antioxidant activity, total phenolic, flavonoid contents and cytotoxic activity of Euphorbia aegyptiaca. The plant material was extracted successively by Soxhlet apparatus using n-hexane, chloroform and methanol. The chemical constituents of the extracts were carried out using the standard procedures. The Folin- Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride method was employed to calculate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. The antioxidant activity, was assessed by measuring the scavenging activity of the DPPH (2.2Di (4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picryl-hydrazyl) and Propyl Gallate as standard antioxidants. While cytotoxic activities were screened using brine shrimp. Phytochemical screening studies revealed that flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, saponins, sterols, terpenes, anthraquinones and alkaloids were the main phytochemicals present in extracts of E. aegyptiaca. The methanol extract showed the highest level of total phenolic contents (173.49±2.427 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (239.53±7.90 mg QE/g), and the highest antioxidant activity 89% with least (IC50 0.0449µg/ml), and the no toxicity against brine shrimp (LD50 3423.156). Furthermore, no toxicity in all extracts was observed. The present study is the first evaluation regarding the characterization of E. aegyptiaca and its safety, and the results demonstrate its antioxidant potential and suggest its safe therapeutic use. The results suggest that methanol extract is a rich source of phytochemicals and exhibits highest amount of and total phenolic, flavonoid content and significant antioxidant activity and it has no cytotoxic activity. E. aegyptiaca plant can be regarded as a promising Source of naturally occurring potential antioxidants.
Keywords: Euphorbia aegyptiaca, Sudan, Antioxidant, Total phenolic, total flavonoid, Cytotoxicity.
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Oral Film of a Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRIS) Escitalopram Oxalate
Authors: Yadav Nitesh , Soni Pushpendra , Omray Lavakesh Kumar 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research was to develop fast dissolving oral film of Escitalopram oxalate. Fast dissolving oral film offers a solution for paediatrics, geriatrics; psychiatric or mentally ill people and those have difficulty in swallowing tablets/capsules resulting in improved patient compliance. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are broad spectrum antidepressants that are effective for major depressive disorder and several anxiety disorders. Escitalopram Oxalate is highly selective, more effective and better than other SSRIs. The prepared formulations were evaluated for Thickness, Weight uniformity, Folding Endurance, Percentage of Moisture Content, Drug Content Analysis, Disintegrating time and In vitro dissolution study. Stability studies were carried out with optimized formulation F5 which was stored for a period of one, two and three months at 40±2oC temperature and 75±5% relative humidity for a period 3 months. Thus it can be concluded that Escitalopram oxalate fast dissolving films could be commercially exploited for the treatment of panic disorder using Escitalopram oxalate with merits of faster onset of action, avoidance of extensive first pass metabolism, low dosage regimen, enhanced bioavailability and improved patient compliance.
Keywords: Escitalopram oxalate, Fast dissolving oral film, Evaluation
A Highly Specific Colorimetric Method for On-Spot Determination of Lidocaine Using Color Kit and Application of Uncertainty Principles
Authors: Gandhi Margi , Mashru Rajashree 
Published: June 2020

A simple, accurate, precise, selective and detectable Colorimetric method was developed for estimation of Lidocaine in five different Pharmaceutical Formulations. The method is an azo C-coupling reaction where Lidocaine undergoes series of reaction and finally couples with resorcinol to form yellow color azo compound. The colored complex was measured at 430 nm. Beers law was obeyed in concentration range of 0.05-0.8 ug/ml. The method was validated and was found to be accurate, precise and robust with limit of detection and quantification to be 0.014 and 0.045 ug/ml. The Color kit was also developed for On-Spot detection of Lidocaine. Measurement uncertainty principles were also adopted to obtain reliable results where the process of uncertainty started from specifying measurand, then identifying uncertainty sources by cause-effect diagram, quantification of these sources of uncertainty and then finally calculating combined standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty. In the present experiment, Concentration of sample and mass of sample was the major contributor towards uncertainty for all five Formulations. From the five formulations combined standard uncertainty of Transdermal patch was high, followed by Aerosol, Ointment, Gel and Injection.
Keywords: Lidocaine, Uncertainty, Transdermal patch, Aerosol, Injection, Ointment, Gel
Changes in Life Quality of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hemodialysis Who Are Given Vitamin B1, B6, and B12 Parenterally
Authors: Angela Tjung , Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim 
Published: June 2020

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease that causes a progressive decrease in kidney function, which can end in kidney failure disease and will have an impact on decreasing quality of life. Previous research has shown that by giving vitamins B1, B6, and B12 can improve quality of life.
Aim: To measure changes in quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease who were given vitamins B1, B6, and B12 parenterally.
Material and Methods: This study used quasi experimental (one group pre and post test) in 117 patients who were selected in Bethesda Hospital and Panti Rapih Hospital Yogyakarta hemodialysis unit. Patients were given vitamins B Combination injections twice a week in each hemodialysis for 4 weeks. Quality of life was measured by SF-8 questionnaire on the first day of hemodialysis before given vitamins (pre-test) and on the 30th day, after eight injection of vitamins B1, B6, and B12 (post test).
Results: The mean age of observed patients were 51.58 ± 12.51 years. From 117 patients, 73 patients (62,4%) were male and 44 patients (37.6%) were female. The improvement in overall quality of life in patients was not significant (p= 0.055). Quality of life improvement was only significant in the male group (p = 0.016).
Conclusion: There was no significant difference after 4-weeks-injections of vitamins B Combination to the overall quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. But there was found a significant improvement in quality of life in the male patients with chronic kidney disease who had hemodialysis.
Keywords : chronic kidney disease, quality of life, vitamins B1, B6, and B12, SF-8 questionnaire.
Vision Training and Reaction Training for Improving Performance and Reducing Injury Risk in Athletes
Authors: Clark Joseph , Betz Bret , Borders Leila , Kuehn-Himmler Aaron , Hasselfeld Kim , Divine Jon 
Published: June 2020

Visual processing, visual fields, and visual reaction times are essential to the performance of numerous sports and play a role in athletic injuries. Vision training, a process using visual exercises as part of a structured sports conditioning program, can be used to both enhance sports performance and prevent injury by improving neurovisual processing.

In this review, evidence and methods concerning vision training programs are presented with the results suggesting performance enhancement and/or injury prevention, primarily concussion. Multiple studies are reviewed and utilized as examples that vision training programs designed to improve athletic performance or prevent injury are effective.

We conclude from the collected evidence and theoretical considerations that vision training for numerous sports can be implemented with goals to improve performance and/or decrease injuries, specifically concussion.

Key Points: 1) In this opinion paper we believe that vision training improves neurovisual processing. The vision training improves certain brain functions. 2) That vision training programs as part of athlete conditioning can improve athletic performance. Eye hand coordination, reaction times and peripheral awareness improve on the field of play. Obviously this benefit can be sport specific with some sports benefiting more than others. 3) There is emerging evidence that concussion rates can be decreased following pre-season vision training programs. The cause and effect needs to be better established and future research should address this opinion.
Quantification of Atazanavir and Ritonavir in Human Plasma Samples by Rp- Hplc Include Method of Detection in the Title, Eg: Using Pda Detection
Authors: Abhinandana.Patchala  , Ramarao Nadendla  
Published: June 2020

A fixed oral dose combination of Atazanavir and Ritonavir is currently used for the treatment of patients with HIV infections. A selective and novel bio-analytical technique was designed to evaluate Atazanavir and Ritonavir by mass spectroscopic investigation in plasma matrices. The method was chromatographed with Agilent TC-C18, 4.6 x 75 mm, 3.5 µm, 80 Å column, 5mM ammonium acetate: acetonitrile (20:80 v/v) mobile phase was used for Chromatographic separation. UV detector was used to detect the Atazanavir and Ritonavir at 235 nm. For extraction of the analyte and internal standard, Liquid-liquid extraction was employed .This method is validated over a linear concentration range of 50.0 – 10000.0 ng/ml for Atazanavir and Ritonavir with a correlation coefficient (r) of = 0.9997 and both drugs were stable in plasma samples.
The People Perception of Waste Management in Malaysia
Authors: Melly Shinta , Azman Nur Syafawani Binti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Perception in relation to environment, which is process by individuals organize and interpret the impression of their senses to give meaning to their environment. With the perception, attitude will be formed which stable tendency to act in certain situations. The purpose of this study is to find out the perception of the people in Malaysia towards to waste management which seen from the role of the people in waste management, the motivation of the people to participate and the activities of people participation in waste management. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using observation, interview, and documentation study techniques in data collection. The results of the analysis of this study are: a) public perception of waste management in Malaysia b) efforts made by the government in relation to waste management in Malaysia c) impact of increasing waste production in Malaysia.

Kata Kunci : Waste, Perception, Waste Management
Sampling Suara Instrumen Musik sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa dalam Pembuatan Film Scoring
Authors: Purwacandra Pandan Pareanom , Nainggolan Oriana Tio Parahita 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAKFilm scoring merupakan pembuatan musik untuk mengiringi gambar visual dalam film. Dalam pembuatan film scoring sangat dibutuhkan pengetahuan tentang musik, hal ini dikarekan film scoring memiliki tujuan untuk menciptakan emosi penonton agar dapat memahami film yang ditonton. Instrumen musik merupakan elemen musikal yang mendukung terciptanya emosi penonton. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa Program Studi D-3 Animasi, Fakultas Seni Media Rekam, Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta pada pembuatan Film Scoring dengan strategi pembelajaran menggunakan sampling suara isntrumen musik. Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa, maka digunakan penelitian tindak kelas dengan tiga siklus. Indikator keberhasilan hasil belajar mahasiswa didapat dari nilai dalam tugas membuat film scoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada akhir siklus ketiga dari PTK dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran sampling suara instrumen musik. Hasil belajar mahasiswa ini ditunjukan dengan jumlah mahasiswa yang mendapat nilai amat baik dan baik yaitu sekitar 93,75% dari 16 mahasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan strategi sampling suara instrumen musik meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada pembuatan film scoring. Film scoring is music written specifically to accompany a movie. The knowledge about music plays an important role in the making of film scoring. The purpose of film scoring is evoking audience’s emotion so they will understand the film message. Musical instrument is musical element that create audience’s emotion while watching film. This research aims to enhance student learning outcomes at Animation Study Program, Faculty of Media and Recorded Arts, Indonesia Institute of the Arts Yogyakarta in making film scoring with using sampling musical instrument as learning strategy. This research is classroom action research with three cycles. The indicator of student learning outcomes gathering from number of students who got an excellent and good marking in making film scoring. The results show 93,75% students or 15 out of 16 students got an excellent and good marking in making film scoring. According to the result of this study, it was concluded that the strategy of using sampling musical instrument can improve student learning outcome in making film scoring.