bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety Analysis of Indonesia's Multipurpose Reactor During Irradiation of Natural UO2 Pin Target at Power Ramp Test Facility
Authors: Fadli Octaviana Erawati , Khakim Azizul , Suharyana S. , Suparmi A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To support the utilization of the power ramp test facility (PRTF) at the reactor Serba Guna GA Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) reactor, the investigation of safety parameters both on the target and the reactor during the irradiation of natural UO2 has been conducted. The program for the analysis of reactor transient (PARET) and Monte Carlo N-particle version 6 (MCNP6) codes were integrated for thermal-hydraulic and neutronic analysis under the reactivity insertion phenomenon. The reactivity insertion and linear heat rate (LHR) were calculated by MCNP6 to confirm that the maximum values are well below the safety limits. Also, the code computed the reactor kinetic parameters to provide inputs for the PARET code to evaluate the reactor response due to the target movement at the PRTF. The target moves from the farthest position to the nearest one traveling 440 mm and then moves back to the original position. The safety analysis indicated that both maximum reactivity insertion and LHR values did not exceed the safety limits. The target induces maximum reactivity insertion of 0.023%dk/k and produces the maximum LHR of 137.53 W/cm and 275.06 W/cm; when the reactor operates at 15 MW and 30 MW, respectively. The PARET simulation results showed that the reactor power oscillated due to the target movement. Therefore, the recommended velocities of the target are below 0.17 m/s and 0.08 m/s for reactor power of 15 MW and 30 MW, respectively, to avoid the reactor scram, and no safety limits are exceeded.
Validation of the Fast Neutron Field in the Radial Channel of the VR-1 Reactor
Authors: Losa Evžen , Košťál Michal , Štefánik Milan , Šimon Jan , Czakoj Tomáš , Matěj Zdeněk , Cvachovec František , Mravec Filip , Rataj Jan , Sklenka Ľubomír 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This work aims to characterize the neutron spectrum in the beam going out of the university research reactor (VR-1) using tubular-type of the nuclear fuel, version 4M (IRT-4M) fuel. Thanks to its variability, the core is often rearranged to fulfill different research tasks. Measurements with new core configuration have been carried out to confirm the spectrum shape in the neutron beam of the radial channel remains unchanged even though the core has been rearranged. Based on this finding, the VR-1 can be considered as a mockup for other IRT-4M fueled reactors, even with higher power. The neutron spectrum stability has been proven by measurement and by comparison of measurements done on the C12 and C13 cores. Fast neutron spectrum in the channel has been evaluated by means of neutron spectrometry by scintillation detector and activation materials (Au, Co, Ni, Al, Fe, and NaI). If the neutron field stability is proven, the radial channel beam can be used for evaluation of spectrum weighted cross section disregarding changes in the core configuration. Assuming reactions with higher threshold, their rates can be compared with rates obtained in the pure prompt fission neutron spectrum (PFNS), since earlier measurements have shown that the neutron spectrum in the light water reactor cavity is equal to the PFNS above 6 MeV threshold. Result 1.1831 mb for 127I(n,2n) reaction evaluated from the VR-1 activation measurement demonstrates good agreement of the measured reaction rate with tabulated rate averaged in 235U PFNS, confirming the neutron spectrum stability and equality to the PFNS.
Trauma Resuscitation Using in situ Simulation Team Training (TRUST) study: latent safety threat evaluation using framework analysis and video review
Authors: Petrosoniak Andrew , Fan Mark , Hicks Christopher M , White Kari , McGowan Melissa , Campbell Doug , Trbovich Patricia 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionTrauma resuscitation is a complex and time-sensitive endeavour with significant risk for error. These errors can manifest from sequential system, team and knowledge-based failures, defined as latent safety threats (LSTs). In situ simulation (ISS) provides a novel prospective approach to recreate clinical situations that may manifest LSTs. Using ISS coupled with a human factors-based video review and modified framework analysis, we sought to identify and quantify LSTs within trauma resuscitation scenarios.MethodsAt a level 1 trauma centre, we video recorded 12 monthly unannounced ISS to prospectively identify trauma-related LSTs. The on-call multidisciplinary trauma team participated in the study. Using a modified framework analysis, human factors experts transcribed and coded the videos. We identified LST events, categorised them into themes and subthemes and used a hazard matrix to prioritise subthemes requiring intervention.ResultsWe identified 843 LST events during 12 simulations, categorised into seven themes and 38 subthemes, of which 23 are considered critical. The seven themes relate to physical workspace, mental model formation, equipment, unclear accountability, demands exceeding individuals’ capacity, infection control and task-specific issues. The physical workspace theme accounted for the largest number of critical LST events (n=152). We observed differences in LST events across the four scenarios; complex scenarios had more LST events.ConclusionsWe identified a diverse set of critical LSTs during trauma resuscitations using ISS coupled with video-based framework analysis. The hazard matrix scoring, in combination with detailed LST subthemes, supported identification of critical LSTs requiring intervention and enhanced efforts intended to improve patient safety. This approach may be useful to others who seek to understand the contributing factors to common LSTs and design interventions to mitigate them.
Effect of an early mobilisation programme on pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Dehghani Azam , Hajibagheri Ali , Azizi-Fini Ismail , Atoof Fatemeh , Mousavi Noushin 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundPain is a common complication after laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to examine the effect of an early mobilisation programme on postoperative pain intensity after laparoscopic surgery.MethodsA randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n=40) and a control (n=40) group. In the intervention group, an early mobilisation programme was implemented in two rounds. The patient’s perceived pain was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale 15 min before and 30 min after each round of early mobilisation. Data were analysed through the independent samples t, χ2and Fisher’s exact tests and the repeated measures analysis.ResultsThe repeated measures analysis showed that the mean pain scores have been decreased over time (F=98.88, p<0.001). Considering the observed interaction between time and the intervention, the t test was used for pairwise comparisons and showed that the mean pain score was not significantly different between the two groups in 15 min before the first round of early mobilisation (p=0.95). However, the mean pain in the intervention group was significantly less than the control group in all subsequent measurements (p<0.05).ConclusionEarly mobilisation programmes such as the one implemented in the current study are easy and inexpensive and can be implemented safely for the reduction of pain after laparoscopic surgeries.
Low expression of DDX5 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Morimachi Masashi , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Takanashi Yumi , Kawanishi Aya , Saika Tsubasa , Ueyama Yumiko , Nakagohri Toshio , Nakamura Naoya , Suzuki Hidekazu , Kagawa Tatehiro 
Published: October 2020

AimsPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies. Hence, there is a need for new markers and treatment strategies. P68/DEAD box protein 5 (DDX5) is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD box protein family. It is a prognostic marker for several cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of DDX5 in PDAC.MethodsDDX5 expression in tissue microarray blocks containing 230 PDAC samples was examined using immunohistochemical analysis. DDX5 expression was considered high when more than 50% of the cells were stained and low when less than 50% of the cells were stained. We investigated the association between DDX5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, including patient survival.ResultsThe nuclei of normal pancreatic ducts, normal acinar cells and PDAC cells were stained positive for DDX5 although the intensity and distribution of DDX5 expression varied. Islet cells showed strong and diffuse staining of DDX5. DDX5 expression was low and high in 148 (64.3%) and 82 cases (35.7%), respectively. Low DDX5 expression was significantly associated with an advanced pT factor (pT2–pT3: tumour size,>20 mm), lymphatic involvement, advanced tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (stages IIB, III, and IV), and venous involvement. In addition, the multivariate analysis revealed that DDX5 expression is an independent prognostic factor for PDAC.ConclusionThese results suggest that DDX5 plays an important role in tumour invasiveness and PDAC prognosis.
Location of intracranial aneurysms is the main factor associated with rupture in the ICAN population
Authors: Rousseau Olivia , Karakachoff Matilde , Gaignard Alban , Bellanger Lise , Bijlenga Philippe , Constant Dit Beaufils Pacôme , L'Allinec Vincent , Levrier Olivier , Aguettaz Pierre , Desilles Jean-Philippe , Michelozzi Caterina , Marnat Gaultier , Vion Anne-Clémence , Loirand Gervaise , Desal Hubert , Redon Richard , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine , Bourcier Romain 
Published: October 2020

Background and purposeThe ever-growing availability of imaging led to increasing incidentally discovered unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). We leveraged machine-learning techniques and advanced statistical methods to provide new insights into rupture intracranial aneurysm (RIA) risks.MethodsWe analysed the characteristics of 2505 patients with intracranial aneurysms (IA) discovered between 2016 and 2019. Baseline characteristics, familial history of IA, tobacco and alcohol consumption, pharmacological treatments before the IA diagnosis, cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, headaches, allergy and atopy, IA location, absolute IA size and adjusted size ratio (aSR) were analysed with a multivariable logistic regression (MLR) model. A random forest (RF) method globally assessed the risk factors and evaluated the predictive capacity of a multivariate model.ResultsAmong 994 patients with RIA (39.7%) and 1511 patients with UIA (60.3 %), the MLR showed that IA location appeared to be the most significant factor associated with RIA (OR, 95% CI: internal carotid artery, reference; middle cerebral artery, 2.72, 2.02–3.58; anterior cerebral artery, 4.99, 3.61–6.92; posterior circulation arteries, 6.05, 4.41–8.33). Size and aSR were not significant factors associated with RIA in the MLR model and antiplatelet-treatment intake patients were less likely to have RIA (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55–0.98). IA location, age, following by aSR were the best predictors of RIA using the RF model.ConclusionsThe location of IA is the most consistent parameter associated with RIA. The use of ‘artificial intelligence’ RF helps to re-evaluate the contribution and selection of each risk factor in the multivariate model.
Respiratory traits and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis: Mendelian randomisation and association analysis
Authors: Wang Ting , Sun Wenqing , Wu Hongyan , Cheng Yuxin , Li Yan , Meng Fanqing , Ni Chunhui 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesSusceptibility loci of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were also significantly associated with the predisposition of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) in recent studies. However, only a few genes and loci were targeted in previous studies.MethodsTo systematically evaluate the genetic associations between CWP and other respiratory traits, we reviewed the reported genome-wide association study loci of five respiratory traits and then conducted a Mendelian randomisation study and a two-stage genetic association study.ResultsInterestingly, we found that for each SD unit, higher lung function was associated with a 66% lower risk of CWP (OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.77, p=0.010) using conventional Mendelian randomisation analysis (inverse variance weighted method). Moreover, we found susceptibility loci of interstitial lung disease (rs2609255, OR=1.29, p=1.61×10−4) and lung function (rs4651005, OR=1.39, p=1.62×10−3; rs985256, OR=0.73, p=8.24×10−4 and rs6539952, OR=1.28, p=4.32×10−4) were also significantly associated with the risk of CWP. Functional annotation showed these variants were significantly associated with the expression of FAM13A (rs2609255, p=7.4 ×10−4), ANGPTL1 (rs4651005, p=5.4 ×10−7), SPATS2L (rs985256, p=1.1 ×10−5) and RP11-463O9.9 (rs6539952, p=7.1 ×10−6) in normal lung tissues, which were related to autophagy pathway simultaneously according to enrichment analysis.ConclusionsThese results provided a deeper understanding of the genetic predisposition basis of CWP.
Combining transcranial direct current stimulation with aerobic exercise to optimize cortical priming in stroke
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan Anjali , Madhavan Sangeetha 
Published: October 2020

Aerobic exercise (AE) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are priming techniques that have been studied for their potential neuromodulatory effects on corticomotor excitability (CME); however, the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS are not explored in stroke. Here we investigated the synergistic effects of AE and tDCS on CME, intracortical and transcallosal inhibition, and motor control for the lower limb in stroke. Twenty-six stroke survivors participated in 3 sessions: tDCS, AE, and AE+tDCS. AE included moderate-intensity exercise and tDCS included 1 mA of anodal tDCS to the lower limb motor cortex with or without AE. Outcomes included measures of CME, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), ipsilateral silent period (iSP) (an index of transcallosal inhibition) for the tibialis anterior, and ankle reaction time. Ipsilesional CME significantly decreased for AE compared with AE+tDCS and tDCS. No differences were noted in SICI, iSP measures, or reaction time between all 3 sessions. Our findings suggest that a combination of exercise and tDCS, and tDCS demonstrate greater excitability of the ipsilesional hemisphere compared with exercise only; however, these effects were specific to the descending corticomotor pathways. No additive priming effects of exercise and tDCS over tDCS was observed. Novelty: An exercise and tDCS paradigm upregulated the descending motor pathways from the ipsilesional lower limb primary motor cortex compared with exercise. Exercise or tDCS administered alone or in combination did not affect intracortical or transcallosal inhibition or reaction time.
Efficacy of MAVIG X-Ray Protective Drapes in Reducing Operator Radiation Dose in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Authors: McCutcheon Keir , Vanhaverbeke Maarten , Pauwels Ruben , Dabin Jérémie , Schoonjans Werner , Bennett Johan , Adriaenssens Tom , Dubois Christophe , Sinnaeve Peter , Desmet Walter 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Interventional cardiologists are occupationally exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation. The MAVIG X-ray protective drape (MXPD) is a commercially available light weight, lead-free shield placed over the pelvic area of patients to minimize operator radiation dose. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of the MXPD during routine cardiac catheterization, including percutaneous coronary interventions.

Methods:
We performed a prospective, randomized controlled study comparing operator radiation dose during cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (n=632) with or without pelvic MXPD. We measured operator radiation dose at 4 sites: left eye, chest, left ring finger, and right ring finger. The primary outcomes were the difference in first operator radiation dose (µSv) and relative dose of the first operator (radiation dose normalized for dose area product) at the level of the chest in the 2 groups.

Results:

The use of the MXPD was associated with a 50% reduction in operator radiation dose (median dose 30.5 [interquartile range, 23.0–39.7] µSv in no drape group versus 15.3 [interquartile range, 11.1–20.0] µSv in the drape group;
P
<0.001) and a 57% reduction in relative operator dose (
P
<0.001). The largest absolute reduction in dose was observed at the left finger (median left finger dose for the no drape group was 104.9 [75.7–137.4] µSv versus 41.9 [32.6–70.6] µSv in the drape group;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
The pelvic MXPD significantly reduces first operator radiation dose during routine cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT04285944.
Interaction of the Joining Region in Junctophilin-2 With the L-Type Ca
2+
Channel Is Pivotal for Cardiac Dyad Assembly and Intracellular Ca
2+
Dynamics
Authors: Gross Polina , Johnson Jaslyn , Romero Carlos M. , Eaton Deborah M. , Poulet Claire , Sanchez-Alonso Jose , Lucarelli Carla , Ross Jean , Gibb Andrew A. , Garbincius Joanne F. , Lambert Jonathan , Varol Erdem , Yang Yijun , Wallner Markus , Feldsott Eric A. , Kubo Hajime , Berretta Remus M. , Yu Daohai , Rizzo Victor , Elrod John , Sabri Abdelkarim , Gorelik Julia , Chen Xiongwen , Houser Steven R. 
Published: October 2020

Rationale:

Ca
2+
-induced Ca
2+
release (CICR) in normal hearts requires close approximation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) within the transverse tubules (T-tubules) and RyR (ryanodine receptors) within the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. CICR is disrupted in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, which is associated with loss of T-tubules and disruption of cardiac dyads. In these conditions, LTCCs are redistributed from the T-tubules to disrupt CICR. The molecular mechanism responsible for LTCCs recruitment to and from the T-tubules is not well known. JPH (junctophilin) 2 enables close association between T-tubules and the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum to ensure efficient CICR. JPH2 has a so-called joining region that is located near domains that interact with T-tubular plasma membrane, where LTCCs are housed. The idea that this joining region directly interacts with LTCCs and contributes to LTCC recruitment to T-tubules is unknown.

Objective:
To determine if the joining region in JPH2 recruits LTCCs to T-tubules through direct molecular interaction in cardiomyocytes to enable efficient CICR.

Methods and Results:

Modified abundance of JPH2 and redistribution of LTCC were studied in left ventricular hypertrophy in vivo and in cultured adult feline and rat ventricular myocytes. Protein-protein interaction studies showed that the joining region in JPH2 interacts with LTCC-α1C subunit and causes LTCCs distribution to the dyads, where they colocalize with RyRs. A JPH2 with induced mutations in the joining region (mut
PG1
JPH2) caused T-tubule remodeling and dyad loss, showing that an interaction between LTCC and JPH2 is crucial for T-tubule stabilization. mut
PG1
JPH2 caused asynchronous Ca
2+
-release with impaired excitation-contraction coupling after β-adrenergic stimulation. The disturbed Ca
2+
regulation in mut
PG1
JPH2 overexpressing myocytes caused calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation and altered myocyte bioenergetics.

Conclusions:
The interaction between LTCC and the joining region in JPH2 facilitates dyad assembly and maintains normal CICR in cardiomyocytes.
Variants of Focal Adhesion Scaffold Genes Cause Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Li Yang , Gao Shijuan , Han Yingchun , Song Li , Kong Yu , Jiao Yao , Huang Shan , Du Jie , Li Yulin 
Published: October 2020

Rationale:
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) leads to substantial mortality worldwide. Familial and syndromic TAAs are highly correlated with genetics. However, the incidence of sporadic isolated TAA (iTAA) is much higher, and the genetic contribution is not yet clear.

Objective:
Here, we examined the genetic characteristics of sporadic iTAA.

Methods and Results:

We performed a genetic screen of 551 sporadic iTAA cases and 1071 controls via whole-exome sequencing. The prevalence of pathogenic mutations in known causal genes was 5.08% in the iTAA cohort. We selected 100 novel candidate genes using a strict strategy, and the suspected functional variants of these genes were significantly enriched in cases compared with controls and carried by 60.43% of patients. We found more severe phenotypes and a lower proportion of hypertension in cases with pathogenic mutations or suspected functional variants. Among the candidate genes,
Testin
(
TES
), which encodes a focal adhesion scaffold protein, was identified as a potential TAA causal gene, accounting for 4 patients with 2 missense variants in the LIM1 domain (c.751T>C encoding p.Y251H; c.838T>C encoding p.Y280H) and highly expressed in the aorta. The 2 variants led to a decrease in TES expression. The thoracic aorta was spontaneously dilated in the
Tes

Y249H

knock-in and
Tes
−/−
mice. Mechanistically, the p.Y249H variant or knockdown of
TES
led to the repression of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction genes and disturbed the vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype. Interestingly, suspected functional variants of other focal adhesion scaffold genes, including
TLN1
(Talin-1) and
ZYX
(zyxin), were also significantly enriched in patients with iTAA; moreover, their knockdown resulted in decreased contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Conclusions:
For the first time, this study revealed the genetic landscape across iTAA and showed that the focal adhesion scaffold genes are critical in the pathogenesis of iTAA.