bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling tractor‐semitrailer vehicles in automated highway systems: Adaptive robust and Lyapunov minimax approach
Authors: Sun Hao , Yang Luwen , Chen Ye‐Hwa , Zhang Xinrong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we design a coordinated steering and braking control scheme to ensure the tractor‐semitrailer vehicle system is practically stable. The tractor's steering input is designed to realize lane tracking and the semitrailer's differential braking torque is designed to improve the stability of the semitrailer. This control methodology is developed in two steps. Firstly, the expected steering input and the expected differential braking force are derived by introducing a set of given tracking constraints and considering the possible initial condition derivation from the constraints based on the Udwadia‐Kalaba approach. Secondly, we develop an adaptive robust control law to tackle the parameter uncertainty, which may be (possibly) time‐varying, and design the required braking torques, which are the actual inputs, to generate the desired braking forces. Furthermore, this control methodology can deal with nonlinear mechanical systems with both holonomic constraints and nonholonomic constraints. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the control algorithm could guarantee the vehicle dynamics are practically stable and achieve lane following maneuvering.
Affordability Assessments: Policy Recommendations for USEPA
Authors: Mastracchio John , Raucher Robert , Rothstein Eric P. , Clements Janet , Green Zachary 
Published: June 2020

Key TakeawaysAffordability challenges affect water sector utilities of all sizes, and they will only increase as the number of income‐limited households grows.The US Environmental Protection Agency's financial capability assessment has been criticized for not focusing on the most economically vulnerable users and not capturing economic impacts across diverse populations.A proposed framework displays a more accurate picture of affordability challenges in lower‐income households and provides methods to improve utility and community efforts to accommodate household and utility financial challenges.
Singapore's Water Strategy: Diversified, Robust, and Sustainable
Authors: Seah Harry 
Published: June 2020

Key TakeawaysDriven mostly by industrial development, demand for water in the island city‐state of Singapore is expected to almost double by 2060.The use of reclaimed water (known as NEWater) is the most sustainable and cost‐effective way to boost Singapore's water supply for the long term.Singapore's national water agency is encouraging companies in water‐intensive industries to implement innovative solutions to improve water sustainability.
Industrial Control Systems: Cyber Policies and Strategies
Authors: Gosine Anil 
Published: June 2020

Key TakeawaysA collaborative, all‐hazards approach to preparing for threats to critical infrastructure has enhanced security and resilience in the United States and Canada.It's up to individual organizations—including water utilities—to have all the elements of an effective security plan in place.Cybersecurity around industrial control systems needs to keep pace with the sophistication and evolution of attacks on technology environments.Policies, procedures, risk assessments, and the right technique platforms—all held together by staff knowledge and expertise—create a strong defense.
What Keeps Utility Leaders Up at Night?
Authors: Hughes John , Brown Randal , Dettmer Karen , Donahue John , Margevicius Alex 
Published: June 2020

Key TakeawaysIn December 2019, AWWA held a full‐day workshop with water utility leaders in Chicago on legal challenges in the water sector.Lead issues are still top of mind for utility leaders, including lead service line replacements, sampling protocols, corrosion control, and customer communication.Aging infrastructure is an ongoing concern for many utilities, looming as a potential emergency that affects public health, customer supply, and utility finances.PFAS, and how to sample for it and communicate about it, is a newer concern among utility leaders.
Exosomes derived from chemically induced human hepatic progenitors inhibit oxidative stress induced cell death
Authors: Hyung Sujin , Jeong Jaemin , Shin Kyusoon , Kim Ju Young , Yim Ji‐Hye , Yu Chan Jong , Jung Hyun Suk , Hwang Kyung‐Gyun , Choi Dongho , Hong Jong Wook 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe emerging field of regenerative medicine has revealed that the exosome contributes to many aspects of development and disease through intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells. However, the biological functions of exosomes secreted from cells have remained largely unexplored. Here, we report that the human hepatic progenitor cells (CdHs)‐derived exosome (EXOhCdHs) plays a crucial role in maintaining cell viability. The inhibition of exosome secretion treatment with GW4869 results in the acceleration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby causing a decrease of cell viability. This event provokes inhibition of caspase dependent cell death signaling, leading to a ROS‐dependent cell damage response and thus induces promotion of antioxidant gene expression or repair of cell death of hypoxia‐exposed cells. Together, these findings show the effect of exosomes in regeneration of liver cells, and offer valuable new insights into liver regeneration.
Geographical disparities in human papillomavirus herd protection
Authors: Berenson Abbey B. , Hirth Jacqueline M. , Chang Mihyun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has occurred unequally across the United States, potentially contributing to uneven vaccine‐type HPV prevalence between regions. We examined whether emerging vaccine‐related herd protection exhibits regional differences among unvaccinated girls and women.MethodsWe evaluated the prevalence of vaginal HPV among women 14‐59 years of age from 2003 to 2014 using repeated cross‐sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Women who provided an adequate vaginal swab sample were included. Vaginal prevalence of vaccine‐type HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18) were examined in four regions of the United States between 2003 and 2014. We examined vaccine‐type HPV prevalence in 2007‐2014 in each US census region among younger participants (14‐34 years old) stratified by vaccination status to determine whether one or both groups contributed to uneven HPV prevalence.ResultsA total of 12 175 participants 14‐59 years of age met inclusion criteria. Vaccine‐type HPV prevalence decreased in all regions. Vaccine‐type HPV varied by region only among unvaccinated 14‐34 year olds, with a higher prevalence in the Midwest (13.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.7‐17.0) and South (12.5%, 95% CI: 10.2‐14.8) compared to the Northeast (8.9%, 95% CI: 6.5‐11.2). No regional variation in vaccine‐type HPV prevalence was observed among vaccinated participants.ConclusionsHigher prevalence of vaccine‐type HPV among unvaccinated women in the South and Midwest may contribute to regional disparities in HPV‐related cancer incidence, as emerging herd immunity may not be as strong in those regions.
Galangin promotes cell apoptosis through suppression of H19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Zhong Xiaowei , Huang Siyi , Liu Dianfeng , Jiang Ziping , Jin Qinglong , Li Chengshun , Da Liu , Yao Qunyan , Wang Dongxu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGalangin has been extensively studied as the antitumor agent in various cancers. However, the effect of galangin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive.MethodsUsing RNA sequencing, the differential expression of lncRNA in human HCC cell line with highly metastatic potential (MHCC97H) cells treated with galangin was investigated. Furthermore, H19 expression pattern was also determined in MHCC97H cells following treatment with galangin. In addition, knockdown and overexpression of H19 was performed to analyze the effect of the expression pattern of H19 on cell apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion in HCC cells. Moreover, the in vivo effect of galangin on tumor development was also determined in nude mice. In order to analyze loss expression of H19 in vivo, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) was used.ResultsTotal of 50 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in MHCC97H cells treated with galangin. Besides, the expression of H19 was markedly reduced following treatment with galangin in MHCC97H cells. Compared to the Control group, the galangin‐treated group inhibited cell migration and invasion. Knockdown of H19 expression showed increased cell apoptosis and decreased invasion. In addition, RNA‐seq data also identified 161 mRNA which was significantly differentially expressed following treatment with galangin. To further determine the underlying mechanism, p53 protein was analyzed. Notably, the results indicated that knockdown of H19 and miR675 induced the expression of p53, eventually promoting cell apoptosis in MHCC97H cells. These results indicated that galangin promoted cell apoptosis through reduced the expression of H19 and miR675 in MHCC97H cells. The in vivo result showed that compared to the Con, tumor growth was remarkably suppressed with loss expression of H19.ConclusionOur data suggested that galangin has a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis through regulating the expression pattern of H19.
A new phenotype of choreic syndrome associating severe freezing of gait and chorea
Authors: Laurens Brice , Delleci Claire , Goizet Cyril , Spampinato Umberto , Burbaud Pierre , Guillaud Etienne , Bestaven Emma , Guehl Dominique 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe early onset of gait akinesia should not rule out the diagnosis of hereditary chorea. It would be helpful to proceed to a whole‐genome and long‐read sequencing in order to track a new pathogenic variant including noncoding repeat expansion.
Single‐stage hepaticojejunostomy for symptomatic portal biliopathy in a splenectomized patient: A report of two cases
Authors: Pandit Narendra , Awale Laligen , Jaiswal Lokesh Shekher , Adhikary Shailesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSingle‐stage biliary decompression without prior shunt surgery, although risks for catastrophic bleeding, it is feasible to perform upfront hepaticojejunostomy in a splenectomized patient where shuntable vein is not available in patient with portal biliopathy.
Chemoadsorption for Separation of Hydrogen Sulfide from Biogas with Iron Hydroxide and Sulfur Recovery
Authors: Lincke Marc , Petasch Uwe , Gaitzsch Uwe , Tillmann Andreas , Tietze Michael , Niebling Falko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal from biogas is essential to allow biogas storage in the natural gas grid. Several established methods exist, most of them making use of non‐reusable substrates such as iron sponge or active carbon. Coated metallic foams provide a reusable sustainable alternative. Several iron oxides and hydroxides were tested to validate the H2S adsorption properties before and after thermal regeneration, i.e., sulfur removal. Amorphous iron hydroxide proved to efficiently clean biogas after maximum four sulfur removal cycles and showed an almost ten times larger capacity for sulfur adsorption than crystalline hematite Fe2O3. Very low H2S contents could be realized until breakthrough.
Flexible RuII Schiff Base Complexes: G‐Quadruplex DNA Binding and Photo‐Induced Cancer Cell Death
Authors: Gillard Martin , Weynand Justin , Bonnet Hugues , Loiseau Frédérique , Decottignies Anabelle , Dejeu Jérôme , Defrancq Eric , Elias Benjamin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of new RuII Schiff base complexes built on the salphen moiety has been prepared. This includes four flexible monometallic RuII compounds and six rigid bimetallic analogues that contain NiII, PdII or PtII cations into the salphen complexation site. Steady state luminescence titrations illustrated the capacity of the compounds to photoprobe G‐quadruplex (G4) DNA. Moreover, the vast array of the Schiff base structural changes allowed to extensively assess the influence of the ligand surface, flexibility and charge on the interaction of the compounds with G4 DNA. This was achieved thanks to circular dichroism melting assays and bio‐layer interferometry studies that pointed up high affinities along with good selectivities of RuII Schiff base complexes for G4 DNA. In cellulo studies were carried out with the most promising compounds. Cellular uptake with location of the compounds in the nucleus as well as in the nucleolus was observed. Cell viability experiments were performed with U2OS osteosarcoma cells in the dark and under light irradiation which allowed the measurements of IC50 values and photoindexes. They showed the substantial role played by light irradiation in the activity of the drugs in addition to the low cytotoxicity of the molecules in the dark. Altogether, the reported results emphasize the promising properties of RuII Schiff base complexes as a new class of candidates for developing potential G4 DNA targeting diagnostic or therapeutic compounds.
Breast Cancer Stem Cell Potency of Nickel(II)‐Polypyridyl Complexes Containing Non‐steroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs
Authors: Feld Catherine J. , Johnson Alice , Xiao Zhiyin , Suntharalingam Kogularamanan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report the breast cancer stem cell (CSC) potency of two nickel(II)‐3,4,7,8‐tetramethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline complexes, 1 and 3, containing the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), naproxen and indomethacin, respectively. The nickel(II) complexes, 1 and 3 kill breast CSCs and bulk breast cancer cells in the micromolar range. Notably, 1 and 3 display comparable or better potency towards breast CSCs than salinomycin, an established CSC‐active agent. The complexes, 1 and 3 also display significantly lower toxicity towards non‐cancerous epithelial breast cells than breast CSCs or bulk breast cancer cells (up to 4.6‐fold). Mechanistic studies suggest that 1 and 3 downregulate cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in breast CSCs and kill breast CSCs in a COX‐2 dependent manner. Furthermore, the potency of 1 and 3 towards breast CSCs decreased upon co‐treatment with necroptosis inhibitors (necrostatin‐1 and dabrafenib), implying that 1 and 3 induce necroptosis, an ordered form of necrosis, in breast CSCs. As apoptosis resistance is a hallmark of CSCs, compounds like 1 and 3, which potentially provide access to alternative (non‐apoptotic) cell death pathways could hold the key to overcoming hard‐to‐kill CSCs. To the best of our knowledge, 1 and 3 are the first compounds to be associated to COX‐2 inhibition and necroptosis induction in CSCs.
(Iso)Quinoline–Artemisinin Hybrids Prepared through Click Chemistry: Highly Potent Agents against Viruses
Authors: Çapcı Aysun , Lorion Mélanie M. , Mai Christina , Hahn Friedrich , Hodek Jan , Wangen Christina , Weber Jan , Marschall Manfred , Ackermann Lutz , Tsogoeva Svetlana B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractViral infections cause life‐threatening diseases in millions of people worldwide every year and there is an urgent need for new, effective antiviral drugs. Hybridization of two chemically diverse compounds into a new bioactive effector product is a successful concept to improve the properties of a hybrid drug relative to the parent compounds. In this study, (iso)quinoline–artemisinin hybrids, obtained through copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition or metal‐free click reactions (in organic solvents or in the presence of water), were analyzed in vitro, for the first time, for their inhibitory activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), relative to their parent compounds and the reference drug ganciclovir. EC50 (HCMV) values were obtained in a range 0.22–1.20 μm, which indicated highly potent antiviral properties in the absence of cytotoxic effects on normal cells (CC50>100 μm). The most active hybrid, 1 (EC50=0.22 μm), is 25 times more potent than its parent compound artesunic acid (EC50=5.41 μm) and 12 times more efficient than the standard drug ganciclovir (EC50=2.6 μm). Interestingly, hybrid 1 also shows inhibitory activity against hepatitis B virus in vitro (EC50 (HBeAg)=2.57 μm).
Mechanoresponsive Self‐Assembled Perylene Bisimide Films
Authors: Adams Victoria , Cameron Joseph , Wallace Matthew , Draper Emily R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, self‐assembled amino‐acid appended perylene bisimides (PBIs) have been studied that when processed into thin films change their resistivity in response to being bent. The PBIs assemble into structures in water and form thin films upon drying. These normally delicate thin films can be tolerant to bending, depending on the aggregates they form. Furthermore, the films then reversibly change their resistivity in response to this mechanical stimulus. This change is proportional to the degree of bending of the film giving them the potential to be used quantitatively to measure mechanical movement, such as in wearable devices.
Molecular Insights into the Ligand‐Based Six‐Proton‐ and Six‐Electron‐Transfer Processes Between Tris‐ortho‐Phenylenediamines and Tris‐ortho‐Benzoquinodiimines
Authors: Matsumoto Takeshi , Yamamoto Risa , Wakizaka Masanori , Nakada Akinobu , Chang Ho‐Chol 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe global demand for energy and the concerns over climate issues renders the development of alternative renewable energy sources such as hydrogen (H2) important. A high‐spin (hs) FeII complex with o‐phenylenediamine (opda) ligands, [FeII(opda)3]2+ (hs‐[6R]2+), was reported showing photochemical H2 evolution. In addition, a low‐spin (ls) [FeII(bqdi)3]2+ (bqdi: o‐benzoquinodiimine) (ls‐[0R]2+) formation by O2 oxidation of hs‐[6R]2+, accompanied by ligand‐based six‐proton and six‐electron transfer, revealed the potential of the complex with redox‐active ligands as a novel multiple‐proton and ‐electron storage material, albeit that the mechanism has not yet been understood. This paper reports that the oxidized ls‐[0R][PF6]2 can be reduced by hydrazine giving ls‐[FeII(opda)(bqdi)2][PF6]2 (ls‐[2R][PF6]2) and ls‐[FeII(opda)2(bqdi)][PF6]2 (ls‐[4R][PF6]2) with localized ligand‐based proton‐coupled mixed‐valence (LPMV) states. The first isolation and characterization of the key intermediates with LPMV states offer unprecedented molecular insights into the design of photoresponsive molecule‐based hydrogen‐storage materials.
Diversely Functionalised Cytochalasins through Mutasynthesis and Semi‐Synthesis
Authors: Wang Chongqing , Lambert Christopher , Hauser Maurice , Deuschmann Adrian , Zeilinger Carsten , Rottner Klemens , Stradal Theresia E. B. , Stadler Marc , Skellam Elizabeth J. , Cox Russell J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMutasynthesis of pyrichalasin H from Magnaporthe grisea NI980 yielded a series of unprecedented 4′‐substituted cytochalasin analogues in titres as high as the wild‐type system (≈60 mg L−1). Halogenated, O‐alkyl, O‐allyl and O‐propargyl examples were formed, as well as a 4′‐azido analogue. 4′‐O‐Propargyl and 4′‐azido analogues reacted smoothly in Huisgen cycloaddition reactions, whereas p‐Br and p‐I compounds reacted in Pd‐catalysed cross‐coupling reactions. A series of examples of biotin‐linked, dye‐linked and dimeric cytochalasins was rapidly created. In vitro and in vivo bioassays of these compounds showed that the 4′‐halogenated and azido derivatives retained their cytotoxicity and antifungal activities; but a unique 4′‐amino analogue was inactive. Attachment of larger substituents attenuated the bioactivities. In vivo actin‐binding studies with adherent mammalian cells showed that actin remains the likely intracellular target. Dye‐linked compounds revealed visualisation of intracellular actin structures even in the absence of phalloidin, thus constituting a potential new class of actin‐visualisation tools with filament‐barbed end‐binding specificity.
The impact of the introduction of generic aromatase inhibitors on adherence to hormonal therapy over the full course of 5‐year treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Ma Siyu , Shepard Donald S. , Ritter Grant A. , Martell Robert E. , Thomas Cindy P. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundHigh out‐of‐pocket costs (OOPCs) often are found to be inversely associated with adherence to medical treatment. The introduction of generic aromatase inhibitors (GAIs) significantly reduced the OOPCs of patients. The objective of the current study was to explore the impact of the introduction of GAIs on adjuvant hormone therapy (AHT) adherence over the full course of breast cancer treatment.MethodsWomen aged ≥65 years who were diagnosed with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer from 2007 through mid‐2009 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare–linked database. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of AHT initiation and an interrupted time series model was used to predict the association between the introduction of GAIs and AHT adherence. The model was stratified further using Medicare low‐income subsidy (LIS) status.ResultsA total of 10,905 women were included, approximately 62.8% of whom initiated AHT within the first year of their breast cancer diagnosis. Adjusted adherence among LIS beneficiaries was 11.4% higher than among non‐LIS beneficiaries (P < .001). Non‐LIS beneficiaries had an overall decreasing trend of adherence (−0.035; P < .001) prior to the introduction of GAIs. They experienced a 3.4% increase in the slope 6 months after the first GAI, anastrozole, entered the market, and an additional 0.8% increase in the slope 6 months after letrozole and exemestane were introduced (P < .001). Adherence change among LIS patients was small and statistically insignificant.ConclusionsWith the introduction of GAIs, the decrease trend of adherence to therapy atteunated over the course of treatment. Although the successful implementation of the Medicare LIS program minimized the OOPCs for financially vulnerable patients, policymakers should be cautious not to introduce disparities for those who may be of low income but ineligible for such a program.
OpenABLext: An automatic code generation framework for agent‐based simulations on CPU‐GPU‐FPGA heterogeneous platforms
Authors: Xiao Jiajian , Andelfinger Philipp , Cai Wentong , Richmond Paul , Knoll Alois , Eckhoff David 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe execution of agent‐based simulations (ABSs) on hardware accelerator devices such as graphics processing units (GPUs) has been shown to offer great performance potentials. However, in heterogeneous hardware environments, it can become increasingly difficult to find viable partitions of the simulation and provide implementations for different hardware devices. To automate this process, we present OpenABLext, an extension to OpenABL, a model specification language for ABSs. By providing a device‐aware OpenCL backend, OpenABLext enables the co‐execution of ABS on heterogeneous hardware platforms consisting of central processing units, GPUs, and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). We present a novel online dispatching method that efficiently profiles partitions of the simulation during run‐time to optimize the hardware assignment while using the profiling results to advance the simulation itself. In addition, OpenABLext features automated conflict resolution based on user‐specified rules, supports graph‐based simulation spaces, and utilizes an efficient neighbor search algorithm. We show the improved performance of OpenABLext and demonstrate the potential of FPGAs in the context of ABS. We illustrate how co‐execution can be used to further lower execution times. OpenABLext can be seen as an enabler to tap the computing power of heterogeneous hardware platforms for
ABS.