bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Licochalcone A inhibits EGFR signalling and translationally suppresses survivin expression in human cancer cells
Authors: Gao Feng , Li Ming , Yu Xinfang , Liu Wenbin , Zhou Li , Li Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDysfunction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling plays a critical role in the oncogenesis of non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we reported the natural product, licochalcone A, exhibited a profound anti‐tumour efficacy through directly targeting EGFR signalling. Licochalcone A inhibited in vitro cell growth, colony formation and in vivo tumour growth of either wild‐type (WT) or activating mutation EGFR‐expressed NSCLC cells. Licochalcone A bound with L858R single‐site mutation, exon 19 deletion, L858R/T790M mutation and WT EGFR ex vivo, and impaired EGFR kinase activity both in vitro and in NSCLC cells. The in silico docking study further indicated that licochalcone A interacted with both WT and mutant EGFRs. Moreover, licochalcone A induced apoptosis and decreased survivin protein robustly in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we found that treatment with licochalcone A translationally suppressed survivin through inhibiting EGFR downstream kinases ERK1/2 and Akt. Depletion of the translation initiation complex by eIF4E knockdown effectively inhibited survivin expression. In contrast, knockdown of 4E‐BP1 showed the opposite effect and dramatically enhanced survivin protein level. Overall, our data indicate that targeting survivin might be an alternative strategy to sensitize EGFR‐targeted therapy.
Optimization of the process parameters for extruded commercial sinking fish feed with mixed plant protein sources
Authors: Wang Hao , Ma Shifeng , Yang Jie , Qin Yuchang , Cheng Hongyuan , Xue Min , Li Jun , Li Junguo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the investigation was to optimize extrusion process parameters for processing commercial sinking fish feed with mixed plant protein sources in a pilot‐scale twin‐screw extruder equipped with a preconditioner. It has been found out that the bulk density of feed pellets increased with the moisture content in the range of 22–27% (wt), then decreased with the moisture content from 27 to 32%. Meanwhile, increasing moisture content (22–32%) resulted in a decrease of pellet hardness, water solubility, and specific mechanical energy (SME), and an increase of pellet hydration time. There was a significant decrease (p <.05) in SME, bulk density, and hydration time when the die temperature was increased from 90 to 140°C. Increasing the screw speed (180–300 rpm) led to an increase in SME, water solubility index (WSI), and water solubility, but a decrease of water solubility index (WAI). The optimal process parameters for processing the sinking feed pellets were moisture content: 26.6%, screw speed: 180 rpm, and die temperature: 113°C. These operation parameters provide a reference for the industrial production of fish feed with mixed plant protein sources.Practical applicationsIn recent years, plant protein has been increasingly developed as an aquatic feed source, but this has resulted in quality fluctuations for fish feed pellets. Sinking pellets require sufficient gelatinization but should avoid floating due to excessive swelling. Thus, it is important to control the parameters of the extrusion process during sinking feed production. Contrary to conventional laboratory studies, this study used a pilot extrusion line (capacity: 70–150 kg/hr) equipped with a steam adding preconditioner and an automatic data acquisition system for parameter optimization. Moreover, we defined satisfactory products through the targeted evaluation of key indicators such as water solubility and hydration time. The results of this study provide a reference for the industrial production of sinking feed with mixed plant proteins.
Measuring the serum level of retinol‐binding protein can enhance the treatment of recalcitrant warts
Authors: Khalid Hesham N. , Abd El Gayed Eman M. , Dawoud Rasha A. , Bazid Heba A. S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundWarts are common benign (60%‐65%) self‐limited tumors of the epidermis caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs). However, some warts fail to resolve despite of different treatments and become recalcitrant. Vitamin A has antiproliferative and antikeratinizing properties by which the disruption of HPV replication can be occurred. Concentrations of retinol‐binding protein (RBP) and retinol in the circulation highly correlate with each others.AimTo assess the serum level of RBP in patients with resistant warts to evaluate the possible role of retinol in the disease pathogenesis.PatientsThis case‐control study included 30 patients with resistant cutaneous warts (defined as failure of cure after conventional treatment as 12 weeks of salicylic acid application, 4 or more cycles of cryotherapy or electrocautery and/or other physical treatment modalities) and 30 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. RBP level in the serum was measured by ELISA.ResultsThere was a significant difference between cases and controls regarding the level of serum RBP (P = .001). However, serum RBP level did not differ significantly regarding sociodemographic or clinical data (P > .05 each). RBP is a good biomarker for significant early detection and discrimination between cases and controls (P = .001) at a cutoff point < 563.3 mg/l with sensitivity (93%) and specificity (80%).ConclusionLow serum RBP level in our studied patients may suggest an important role of retinol in the resistant warts pathogenesis. Thus measuring serum RBP will help to identify patients who are going to have resistant warts in the future.
#HealthyDads: “Fit Fathering” Discourse and Digital Health Promotion in Dad Blogs
Authors: Scheibling Casey , Marsiglio William 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines the thematic content and social‐health orientation of fathers' online blogs about parenting, health, and fitness.BackgroundSocial media provide avenues for parents to contribute to public discourse about parenthood and to offer guidance on health‐related matters. Concerns about familial well‐being have been central to parenting discourse for ages, but little is known about how parents write and talk about health online. This knowledge gap is addressed by examining fathers' writing about health and fitness in blogs.MethodA qualitative content analysis of 223 blog posts written by 40 fathers is presented. Blogs were analyzed for thematic patterns and categorized within a social health matrix of personal, interpersonal, community, and cultural health orientations.ResultsThe findings illustrate four dominant themes: “becoming fit for fatherhood,” “how to keep kids healthy,” “the pros and cons of youth sports,” and “public health awareness and promotion.” Collectively, dad blogs are constructing fit fathering discourse that extends ideals for involved fatherhood and healthy masculinities.ConclusionDad bloggers use social media for civic engagement and health promotion with the intent to spread awareness of men's health issues, refine fathering practices, and enhance familial well‐being. By mobilizing fit fathering discourse online and offline, they are creating a more nurturing culture of fatherhood and raising expectations for father involvement.
Application of pimaricin against potato white mould
Authors: Ojaghian Seyedmohammadreza , Delavarpoor Alieh , Zhang Jing‐Ze 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pimaricin against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of potato white mould. Field trials in 2016 and 2017 were conducted in Bahar and Lalehjin, Hamedan, Iran. Pimaricin at the concentration of 200 mg/L was able to reduce the disease incidence during field trials. The concentration of 2.5 mg/L completely inhibited the radial growth and sclerogenesis of three tested isolates of S. sclerotiorum. In addition, pimaricin at the concentration of 2.5 mg/L reduced the carpogenic germination of sclerotia in isolates 1, 2 and 3 by 100%, 88.1% and 73.9%, respectively. Treatment with pimaricin at the concentration of 2 mg/L for 160 min enhanced relative conductivity of S. sclerotiorum mycelia up to 100%. The concentration of 2 mg/L increased the cell membrane permeability of mycelia more than the concentration of 1 mg/L over 160 min. Moreover, exposure to pimaricin at the concentration of 2 mg/L for 12 hr increased carbohydrate leakage of the pathogen mycelia up to 73%. Pimaricin at the concentration of 2 mg/L markedly increased the content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) over time, and the highest content of MDA was recorded as 5.9 µmol/kg FW after 20 hr. The percentage of catalase activity was reduced in the pathogen mycelia by 4.1 U g−1 min−1 after exposure to pimaricin at the concentration of 2 mg/L for 20 min.
High‐mobility group box 1 released by traumatic occlusion accelerates bone resorption in the root furcation area in mice
Authors: Oyama Mika , Ukai Takashi , Yamashita Yasunori , Yoshimura Atsutoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and objectiveTraumatic occlusion can cause bone resorption without bacterial infection. Although bone resorption in periodontitis has been relatively well studied, little is known about bone resorption by traumatic occlusion. High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is released from damaged tissue and has been recently shown to promote bone resorption in a murine periodontitis model and may also promote bone resorption by traumatic occlusion. The present study aimed to examine whether HMGB1 accelerates bone resorption by traumatic occlusion in mice.Materials and methodsOcclusal trauma was induced in the lower left first molar of mice by bonding a wire to the upper left first molar, and bone resorption and osteoclast formation were evaluated histochemically. The expression of HMGB1, Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4; the receptor for HMGB1), and receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL; an essential osteoclast differentiation factor) was evaluated immunohistologically. In addition, mice were administrated with an anti‐HMGB1‐neutralizing antibody to analyze the role of HMGB1.ResultsBone resorption and osteoclast formation gradually increased until day 5 at the furcation area after the application of traumatic occlusion. Expression of HMGB1 was observed at the furcation area on day 1, but was attenuated by day 3. Expression of RANKL gradually increased until day 3, but was attenuated by day 5. Administration of anti‐HMGB1 antibody significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts and the expression of RANKL and TLR4 at the furcation area.ConclusionRelease of HMGB1 in the root furcation area accelerated bone resorption by up‐regulating RANKL and TLR4 expression in mice with traumatic occlusion.
Maladaptive coping with the infodemic and sleep disturbance in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Cheng Cecilia , Ebrahimi Omid V. , Lau Yan‐ching 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 is caused by a novel virus with an unknown aetiology. People across the globe are dealing with not only a health crisis but also an ‘infodemic’, a term coined by the World Health Organization to refer to the avalanche of contradictory information that is arousing widespread confusion and anxiety. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety and sleep disturbance at the early stage of the pandemic, and unveil the information coping process underlying differential susceptibility to COVID‐19 infection anxiety and sleep disturbance. The participants were 1,270 adults (47% men, Mage = 42.82) from the UK and US who completed initial (Time 1) and follow‐up (Time 2) surveys from 16 to 22 March and 18 to 24 May 2020, respectively. The prevalence of probable clinically relevant anxiety was 61% and 45% at the first and second time points, and more than half of the participants in this anxiety group also reported mild to severe sleep disturbance. Moreover, 41% of the participants perceived themselves as not having enough COVID‐19‐related information and reported higher levels of COVID‐19 infection anxiety and sleep disturbance over time than those who perceived themselves as having enough of such information. Moderated mediation analysis identified two groups who were more vulnerable to both psychological problems: high blunters who sought COVID‐19‐related information online more frequently and high monitors who sought such information offline less frequently. These findings highlight the importance of a good match between information coping style and strategy deployment in dealing with an infodemic surrounding a novel disease.
Clinical features of muscle cramp in 14 dogs
Authors: Gagliardo Teresa , Ruggeri Roberta , Di Paola Andrea , Baroni Massimo , Cherubini Giunio B. , Gallucci Antonella , Falzone Cristian , Trimboli Stefania , Albul Andrey , Gandini Gualtiero 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMuscle cramps (MCs) are prolonged, involuntary, painful muscle contractions characterized by an acute onset and short duration, caused by peripheral nerve hyperactivity.ObjectivesTo provide a detailed description of the clinical features and diagnostic findings in dogs affected by MCs.AnimalsFourteen dogs.MethodsMulticenter retrospective case series. Cases were recruited by a call to veterinary neurologists working in referral practices. Medical records and videotapes were searched for dogs showing MCs. The follow‐up was obtained by telephone communication with the owner and the referring veterinarian.ResultsThree patterns of presentation were identified depending on the number of affected limbs and presence/absence of migration of MCs to other limbs. In 9/14 (64%) of dogs, MCs were triggered by prompting the dogs to move. 8/14 (58%) dogs were overtly painful with 6/14 (42%) showing mild discomfort. The cause of MCs was hypocalcemia in 11/14 (79%) dogs: 9 dogs were affected by primary hypoparathyrodism, 1 dog by intestinal lymphoma and 1 dog by protein losing enteropathy. In 3/14 cases (21%) the cause was not identified, and all 3 dogs were German Shepherds.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMuscle cramps can manifest in 1 of 3 clinical patterns. Muscle cramps are elicited when dogs are encouraged to move and do not always appear as painful events, showing in some cases only discomfort. The main cause of MCs in this study was hypocalcemia consequent to primary hypoparathyroidism. In dogs having MCs of unknown etiology, idiopathic disease or paroxysmal dyskinesia could not be ruled out.
Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular size and systolic function in Warmblood horses using linear measurements, area‐based indices, and volume estimates: A retrospective database analysis
Authors: Berthoud Djamila , Schwarzwald Colin C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEchocardiographic assessment of left ventricular (LV) size and function using area‐based indices and volumetric estimates is not well established in horses.ObjectiveTo report reference intervals and measurement variability for uni‐, 2‐, and 3‐dimensional echocardiographic indices of LV size and systolic function in Warmblood horses and to provide proof of concept for allometric scaling of variables to body weight. Unidimensional indices were to be compared to area‐based indices and LV volume estimates to establish their clinical use.AnimalsThirty healthy Warmblood horses and 70 Warmblood horses with a primary diagnosis of mitral regurgitation or aortic regurgitation.MethodsEchocardiographic indices of LV size and systolic function were measured using an existing echocardiography database. Weight‐related variables were scaled to body weight (BWT). Reference intervals and measurement variability were calculated, the influence of valvular regurgitation on LV size and function was investigated and agreement between different variables for detection of reduced, normal, and increased LV size and systolic function was assessed.ResultsReference values for healthy Warmblood horses were reported. Measurement variability was sufficiently low for clinical use of all variables. Allometric scaling was effective to correct diastolic LV dimensions and cardiac output for differences in BWT. Various echocardiographic indices resulted in different conclusions regarding identification of LV enlargement and systolic dysfunction in healthy horses and horses with valvular regurgitation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceEchocardiographic assessment of LV size and systolic function should include joint assessment of multiple uni‐ and multidimensional indices. Area‐based or volumetric indices that reflect LV long‐axis motion should be included.
Environment and pathogens shape local and regional adaptations to climate change in the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L.
Authors: Nelson Joel T. , Motamayor Juan C. , Cornejo Omar E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPredicting the potential fate of a species in the face of climate change requires knowing the distribution of molecular adaptations across the geographic range of the species. In this work, we analysed 79 genomes of Theobroma cacao, an Amazonian tree known for the fruit from which chocolate is produced, to evaluate how local and regional molecular signatures of adaptation are distributed across the natural range of the species. We implemented novel techniques that incorporate summary statistics from multiple selection scans to infer selective sweeps. The majority of the molecular adaptations in the genome are not shared among populations. We show that ~71.5% of genes under selection also show significant associations with changes in environmental variables. Our results support the interpretation that these genes contribute to local adaptation of the populations in response to abiotic factors. We also found strong patterns of molecular adaptation in a diverse array of disease resistance genes (6.5% of selective sweeps), suggesting that differential adaptation to pathogens also contributes significantly to local adaptations. Our results are consistent with the interpretation that local selective pressures are more important than regional selective pressures in explaining adaptation across the range of a species.
Autonomous motivation explains interprofessional education outcomes
Authors: Ganotice Fraide A. , Gill Harinder , Fung John Tai Chun , Wong Janet K. T. , Tipoe George L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn response to the observations that interprofessional education (IPE) is seemingly atheoretical or under‐theorised, this quantitative research seeks to uncover students’ motivational mechanisms which could explain their behavioural and collaborative outcomes using self‐determination theory (SDT). While SDT has been studied in various contexts, its applicability to IPE remains underexplored. This study aims to integrate a new perspective in understanding students’ motivation in IPE by exploring how the fulfilment of a need for sense of autonomy, competence and relatedness is linked to desirable IPE outcomes.MethodsUtilising quantitative methods, we involved 255 health care students in Hong Kong from the medical, nursing and pharmacy disciplines enrolled in IPE anticoagulation therapy module. They were invited to respond to the Psychological Need Satisfaction Questionnaire and other measures as part of the post‐test.ResultsSense of autonomy emerged as the strongest positive predictor of behavioural (collective dedication, behavioural engagement) and collaboration outcomes (team effectiveness, goal achievement). There were no significant program‐level differences across these outcomes except for behavioural engagement for which nursing students had a higher perception than medicine students.ConclusionsWe were able to demonstrate that SDT is a meaningful framework in understanding behavioural and collaboration outcomes in IPE. The major theoretical contribution of this study refers to the ability of students’ motivation to explain variance in their behavioural outcomes. That is, sense of autonomy consistently predicted team effectiveness, collective dedication, behavioural engagement and goal achievement. Autonomous motivation among a sample of health care students can explain behavioural outcomes. Theoretical, methodological and practical implications are discussed.
RecA‐independent recombination: Dependence on the Escherichia coli RarA protein
Authors: Jain Kanika , Wood Elizabeth A. , Romero Zachary J. , Cox Michael M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMost, but not all, homologous genetic recombination in bacteria is mediated by the RecA recombinase. The mechanistic origin of RecA‐independent recombination has remained enigmatic. Here, we demonstrate that the RarA protein makes a major enzymatic contribution to RecA‐independent recombination. In particular, RarA makes substantial contributions to intermolecular recombination and to recombination events involving relatively short (<200 bp) homologous sequences, where RecA‐mediated recombination is inefficient. The effects are seen here in plasmid‐based recombination assays and in vivo cloning processes. Vestigial levels of recombination remain even when both RecA and RarA are absent. Additional pathways for RecA‐independent recombination, possibly mediated by helicases, are suppressed by exonucleases ExoI and RecJ. Translesion DNA polymerases may also contribute. Our results provide additional substance to a previous report of a functional overlap between RecA and RarA.
Perioperative management of patients with Mucolipidosis II and III: Lessons from a case series
Authors: Scott‐Warren Victoria Louise , Walker Rob 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMucolipidosis (ML) II and III are complex lysosomal storage disorders characterized by progressive multisystem pathology which can pose challenges to the anesthetist and increase the risks associated with general anesthesia. We sought to review the management of patients with ML II and III undergoing anesthesia in our institution in order to better define recommendations for the preoperative assessment and optimization of these children. We further elected to analyze the conduct of anesthesia, intraoperative management, and perioperative complications that our patients had experienced in order to allow improved informed consent and anesthetic planning. We performed a retrospective examination of the medical notes of those patients who had undergone anesthesia in our institution to identify their clinical features, anesthetic technique, airway management, and perioperative complications. Five children underwent 11 episodes of anesthesia. Fiber‐optic or videolaryngoscopy was utilized in six out of seven intubations, with four out of seven requiring a change from the method initially chosen to enable intubation. Four of the five patients had an abnormal echocardiogram. Three patients had radiological evaluation of their cervical spine, with two demonstrating abnormalities. One patient had changes suggesting instability at the atlantoaxial junction. Children and babies with ML II and III present multisystem challenges to the anesthetist. Multidisciplinary planning and assessment, followed by a discussion of risk, should proceed any elective surgery. These complex children should undergo elective anesthesia delivered by an experienced (pediatric) anesthetist in an appropriate tertiary center with on‐site pediatric ENT and critical care support.