bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional effects of muscle PGC-1alpha in aged animals
Authors: Yang Steven , Loro Emanuele , Wada Shogo , Kim Boa , Tseng Wei-Ju , Li Kristina , Khurana Tejvir S. , Arany Zoltan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPGC-1 (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1) alpha is a potent transcriptional coactivator that coordinates the activation of numerous metabolic processes. Exercise strongly induces PGC-1alpha expression in muscle, and overexpression of PGC-1alpha in skeletal muscle activates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and neovascularization, leading to markedly increased endurance. In light of these findings, PGC-1alpha has been proposed to protect from age-associated sarcopenia, bone loss, and whole-body metabolic dysfunction, although these findings have been controversial. We therefore comprehensively evaluated muscle and whole-body function and metabolism in 24-month-old transgenic mice that over-express PGC-1alpha in skeletal muscle. We find that the powerful effects of PGC-1alpha on promoting muscle oxidative capacity and protection from muscle fatigability persist in aged animals, although at the expense of muscle strength. However, skeletal muscle PGC-1alpha does not prevent bone loss and in fact accentuates it, nor does it have long-term benefit on whole-body metabolic composition or insulin sensitivity. Protection from sarcopenia is seen in male animals with overexpression of PGC-1alpha in skeletal muscle but not in female animals. In summary, muscle-specific expression of PGC-1alpha into old age has beneficial effects on muscle fatigability and may protect from sarcopenia in males, but does not improve whole-body metabolism and appears to worsen age-related trabecular bone loss.
High-yield grass Pennisetum sinese Roxb plantation and organic manure alter bacterial and fungal communities structure in an ecological agriculture farm
Authors: He Yan , Lu Lu , Peng Chao , Li Huilin , Zhang Jing , Li Run , Zhou Caiquan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPennisetum sinese Roxb(P. sinese) is an efficient and economic energy crop for its high productivity, and has been well studied in its application in phytoremediation and fodder production. However, little is known about howP. sineseplantation and fermented manures ofP. sinese-feed livestock affect the composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities. In this study, 16S rRNA/ITS1 gene-based Illumina Miseq sequencing was employed to compare the bacterial and fungal community structure among soils that had been subjected to uncultivated control (CK), 2-yearP. sineseplantation (P), andP. sineseplantation combined with the use of organic manures (P-OM) in a “P. sinese—breeding industry” ecological agriculture farm. The results found microbial communities were altered byP. sineseplantation and fertilization. TheP. sineseplantation resulted in increasedActinobacteriaandPlanctomycetesabundance. Comparatively, significant increased abundance ofChloroflexi,Firmicutes,Nitrospirae, andEuryarchaeota, and genes related with nitrogen and carbon metabolic pathways based on PICRUSt prediction was observed in P-OM soil. Fungal compositions suggested a markedly increased abundance ofAscomycotain P soil. Potential organic matter decomposersCandida,Thermoascus, andAspergilluswere enriched inPsoil, indicating the enhanced role of fungi in litter decomposition. Redundancy analysis suggested that soil properties (NH4+-N, total nitrogen, organic matter content, and soil water content) significantly correlated with the changes of microbial compositions (P < 0.05). These results highlight the divergence of microbial communities occurs duringP. sinese-based plantation, implying functional diversification of soil ecosystem inP. sinesefields.
Survival strategy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the nanopillar topography of dragonfly (Pantala flavescens) wing
Authors: Kamarajan Banu Pradheepa , Muthusamy Ananthasubramanian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDiscovery of nanopillars on the surface of the insect wings had led to the understanding of its bactericidal property. Nanopillar topography is deterrent to only those bacteria that are attached, or in close contact with the nanopillars. The present study investigated the variation in the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains PAO1 (virulent) and ATCC 9027 (avirulent) on the wing surface of dragonfly (Pantala flavescens). Viability study indicated that only 0.2% ATCC 9027 survived when incubated with wing for 48 h in Phosphate buffered saline, while under the same conditions 43.47% PAO1 survived. Enumeration of Pseudomonas attached to wing surface suggested that, the number of PAO1 attached on the wing surface was three times lesser than ATCC 9027. Propensity of attachment of P. aeruginosa strains PAO1 and ATCC 9027 on the wing surface investigated using scanning probe microscope indicated that P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 showed adhesion to 88% of regions and, PAO1 showed adhesion to only 48% regions tested on wing surface. PAO1 survived the bactericidal effect of wing surface by evading attachment. Three clinical isolates tested which showed viability similar to PAO1 strain, also showed lower propensity to attach to wing surface. Transcriptional level analyses using RT-PCR suggested that flagellar genes (fliE and fleS) were downregulated and genes responsible for reversible to irreversible attachment (gcbA and rsmZ) were upregulated in ATCC 9027 than PAO1 on wing surface, indicating relatively higher attachment of ATCC 9027 on wing surface. The study suggests that virulent strains of P. aeruginosa may evade attachment on wing surface. The results gain significance as bioinspired surfaces are being created towards developing antibacterial medical implants and other antibacterial surface applications.
Increased circulating vascular endothelial growth factor in acute myeloid leukemia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Song Mingzhu , Wang Huiping , Ye Qianling 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the angiogenesis regulators, which plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis and tumor progression. Current studies have found that VEGF plays an important role in hematologic diseases including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the circulating levels of VEGF in AML were still controversial among published studies.MethodsThree databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to February 2020. All articles included in the meta-analysis met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies will be screened and data extracted by two independent investigators. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool were applied to evaluate the quality of the included studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool the standardized mean difference (SMD). Heterogeneity test was performed by theQstatistic and quantified usingI2. All statistical analysis was conducted in Stata 12.0 software.ResultsFourteen case-control studies were finally included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was high in our included studies (I2= 91.1%,P< 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed no significant change when any one study was excluded using random-effect methods (P> 0.05). Egger’s linear regression test showed that no publication bias existed (P> 0.05). Patients with AML, mainly those newly diagnosed and untreated, have higher VEGF levels (SMD = 0.85, 95% CI 0.28–1.42). Moreover, AML patients inn≥ 40 group, plasma group, Asia and Africa group, and age ≥ 45 group had higher circulating VEGF levels (allP< 0.05).ConclusionsCompared to healthy controls, our meta-analysis shows a significantly higher level of circulating VEGF in AML patients, and it is associated with sample size, sample type, region, and age.
Novel wearable and contactless monitoring devices to identify deteriorating patients in the clinical setting: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Chan Peter Y. , McNeil John , Nguyen Tam , Ryan Nicholas , Hopper Ingrid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
With technological advances, there has been increasing interest in developing contactless and/or non-invasive wearable technologies that continuously monitor vital signs in the clinical setting, and in particular in the deteriorating patient. These devices as of yet have not been well validated in the clinical setting in the clinical ranges observed in a critically unwell patient. We will perform a systematic review of all novel wearable and contactless devices in the clinical setting with focus on degree of novelty and the range of vital signs captured.

Methods
Ovid MEDLINE including Epub Ahead of Print and In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database (Ovid), CINAHL with Full Text, searches of the grey literature, cited references of eligible studies through Web of Science, and reference lists of eligible studies will be searched. Outcomes of interest will include the quality of studies in relation to reporting guidelines, limitations of non-invasive technology, and application in different clinical populations. We will perform a qualitative assessment of the novelty of the device and discuss its validation in deteriorating patients.

Discussion
While novel monitoring devices are often proposed as a solution to problems with infection, discomfort, and frequency of monitoring in the clinical setting it has not yet been established which devices have been validated in clinical settings in the pathological ranges of vital signs that reflect patient deterioration. It is equally unclear what additional value these devices might provide. This systematic review will synthesize published data regarding devices that have been tested and validated in patients AND in a clinical setting AND in reference ranges that reflect severe illness.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019130091
Periodic solutions for a four-dimensional hyperchaotic system
Authors: Yang Jing , Wei Zhouchao , Moroz Irene 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we show a zero-Hopf bifurcation in a four-dimensional smooth quadratic autonomous hyperchaotic system. Using averaging theory, we prove the existence of periodic orbits bifurcating from the zero-Hopf equilibrium located at the origin of the hyperchaotic system, and the stability conditions of periodic solutions are given.
CSF total and oligomeric α-Synuclein along with TNF-α as risk biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease: a study in LRRK2 mutation carriers
Authors: Majbour Nour K. , Aasly Jan O. , Hustad Eldbjørg , Thomas Mercy A. , Vaikath Nishant N. , Elkum Naser , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Tokuda Takahiko , Mollenhauer Brit , Berendse Henk W. , El-Agnaf Omar M. A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic carriers of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene mutations constitute an ideal population for discovering prodromal biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we aim to identify CSF candidate risk biomarkers of PD in individuals with LRRK2 mutation carriers.

Methods
We measured the levels of CSF total- (t-), oligomeric (o-) and phosphorylated S129 (pS129-) α-syn, total-tau (tTau), phosphorylated threonine 181 tau (pTau), amyloid-beta 40 (Aβ-40), amyloid-beta-42 (Aβ-42) and 40 inflammatory chemokines in symptomatic (n = 23) and asymptomatic (n = 51) LRRK2 mutation carriers, subjects with a clinical diagnosis of PD (n = 60) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 34). General linear models corrected for age and gender were performed to assess differences in CSF biomarkers between the groups. Markers that varied significantly between the groups were then analyzed using backward-elimination logistic regression analysis to identify an ideal biomarkers panel of prodromal PD.

Results
Discriminant function analysis revealed low levels of CSF t-α-syn, high levels of CSF o-α-syn and TNF-α best discriminated asymptomatic LRRK2 mutation carriers from both symptomatic PD and healthy controls. Assessing the discriminative power using receiver operating curve analysis, an area under the curve > 0.80 was generated.

Conclusions
The current study suggests that CSF t-, o-α-syn and TNF-α are candidate risk biomarkers for the detection of PD at the prodromal stage. Our findings also highlight the dynamic interrelationships between CSF proteins and the importance of using a biomarkers’ panel approach for an accurate and timely diagnosis of PD.
Successful treatment of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia relapse in the skin and testicle by anti-CD19 CAR-T with IL-6 knocking down: a case report
Authors: Liu Ze-Fa , Chen Li-Yun , Wang Jin , Kang Li-qing , Tang Hua , Zhou Yao , Zhou Hai-Xia , Sun Ai-Ning , Wu De-Pei , Xue Sheng-Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Extramedullary relapse is an important cause of treatment failure among patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This type of relapse is commonly observed in the central nervous system, while it is rare in the testicles and skin. Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cell (CAR-T) therapy targeting CD19 has shown to be a beneficial treatment approach for relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblasticleukemia (r/r B-ALL). Yet, few studies have reported data regarding the treatment of extramedullary B-ALL relapse, especially both in skin and testicle, with CAR-T therapy.

Case presentation
Here we reported a single case of a patient with relapsed B-ALL in skin and testicle who was successfully treated by the shRNA-IL6-modified anti-CD19 CAR-T(ssCAR-T-19) therapy. A 29-year-old man with relapsed B-ALL in skin and testicle was enrolled in clinal trial involving the shRNA-IL6-modified anti-CD19 CAR-T(ssCAR-T-19) therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03919240). The patient had toxicity consistent with the grade 1 cytokine release syndrome.

Conclusions
ssCART-19 therapy may be used to effectively eliminate infiltrating leukemia cells in the skin and testicle with mild toxicity, which could be a much safer approach to bridge allo-HSCT, thus further improving the patient’s outcome.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03919240, Registered 18 April 2019, retrospectively registered.
Academic benchmarks for leaders in Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery: A Canadian perspective
Authors: Fu Terence , Wu Vincent , Campisi Paolo , Witterick Ian J. , Chan Yvonne 
Published: May 2020

Background The present study summarizes the demographics, subspecialty training, and academic productivity of contemporary leaders in Canadian Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery (OHNS) training programs across Canada. Methods Demographic data regarding chairpersons (CPs) and program directors (PDs) were obtained from publicly-available faculty listings and online sources, and included employment institution, residency training, fellowship training status, gender, and years of post-graduate experience. Research productivity was measured using the h-index and number of publications, obtained from Scopus. Characteristics of CPs and PDs were compared using statistical analysis. Results Cross-sectional data was obtained from a total of 27 CPs and PDs from 13 accredited OHNS training programs across Canada active on July 1, 2019. All academic leaders completed at least 1 year of fellowship training. Head and neck oncology represented 77% of CPs and 59% of academic leaders overall, while pediatric otolaryngology represented 43% of PDs. Females represented 11% of academic leaders. There was a significant association between location of residency training and employment, with 56% (15/27) of physicians working where they had trained ( p = 0.001, Fisher's exact test; φ = 2.63, p = 0.001). On average, individuals with a graduate (Master's) degree had a significantly higher H-index (17.7 vs 7.4, p = 0.001) and greater number of publications (106 vs. 52, p = 0.02). Compared to PDs, CPs had a significantly higher average h-index score (14.5 vs. 8.14, p = 0.04) and accrued more years of post-graduate experience (29.7 vs. 21.3 years, p = 0.008). There were no differences in the proportions of CPs and PDs with graduate degrees. There appeared to be a decline in research productivity beginning 3 years after academic appointment. Conclusions This cross-sectional overview of academic leaders in Canadian OHNS programs demonstrates the following key findings: 1) all leaders completed fellowship training; 2) head and neck surgical oncology was the most common fellowship training subspecialty; 3) leaders were likely to be employed at the institution where they trained; 4) a Master's degree may be associated with increased research productivity; 5) there is a potential risk of decreased productivity after appointment to a leadership position; and 6) women are underrepresented in academic leadership roles.
Clinical evidence based review and recommendations of aerosol generating medical procedures in otolaryngology – head and neck surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Thamboo Andrew , Lea Jane , Sommer Doron D. , Sowerby Leigh , Abdalkhani Arman , Diamond Christopher , Ham Jennifer , Heffernan Austin , Cai Long M. , Phulka Jobanjit , Wu Yu Qi , Yeung Phillip , Lammers Marc 
Published: May 2020

Background Aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMPs) present risks to health care workers (HCW) due to airborne transmission of pathogens. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential for HCWs to recognize which procedures are potentially aerosolizing so that appropriate infection prevention precautions can be taken. The aim of this literature review was to identify potential AGMPs in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and provide evidence-based recommendations. Methods A literature search was performed on Medline, Embase and Cochrane Review databases up to April 3, 2020. All titles and abstracts of retrieved studies were evaluated and all studies mentioning potential AGMPs were included for formal review. Full text of included studies were assessed by two reviewers and the quality of the studies was evaluated. Ten categories of potential AGMPs were developed and recommendations were provided for each category. Results Direct evidence indicates that CO2 laser ablation, the use of high-speed rotating devices, electrocautery and endotracheal suctioning are AGMPs. Indirect evidence indicates that tracheostomy should be considered as potential AGMPs. Nasal endoscopy and nasal packing/epistaxis management can result in droplet transmission, but it is unknown if these procedures also carry the risk of airborne transmission. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, special care should be taken when CO2 lasers, electrocautery and high-speed rotating devices are used in potentially infected tissue. Tracheal procedures like tracheostomy and endotracheal suctioning can also result in airborne transmission via small virus containing aerosols.
A review of solvent action on oil paint
Authors: Baij Lambert , Hermans Joen , Ormsby Bronwyn , Noble Petria , Iedema Piet , Keune Katrien 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The science of oil paint cleaning is an interdisciplinary and challenging field of study due to the complex nature of both paintings and cleaning materials. The topic requires an intimate and iterative collaboration between conservation scientists and paintings conservators. In such an interdisciplinary field, it can sometimes be difficult to interpret the practical applicability of the available literature. This review aims to bring both conservators and scientist up-to-date on the recent advances in the literature on oil paint cleaning and proposes a framework for experimental and theoretical investigations into solvent transport in oil paint. We define the physicochemical processes that occur simultaneously during cleaning as solvent action and investigate how these processes vary with the polymeric structure of the oil binding medium. The sections in this overview of the technical cleaning literature are divided into solubility, swelling and diffusion, leaching, solvent evaporation and retention and solvent-mediated chemical reactions. Models that have been used to predict varnish solubility or oil paint swelling, such as Teas chart, are critically reviewed from the perspective of the most recent developments in the various scientific disciplines involved. Technological developments in the field of modern materials for solvent- and water-based cleaning are also discussed. Finally, an outlook for the field of cleaning science is presented.
Investigating the longitudinal interrelationship between housework time and market earnings: disentangling between-person from within-person effects
Authors: Luo Meng Sha , Chui Ernest 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe work-to-family hypothesis and the family-to-work hypothesis provide alternate explanations for the housework-earnings relationship. This study examines these competing theoretical perspectives and explores the longitudinal, cross-lagged relationship between housework time and market earnings. The data consist of five waves (2004–2015) of an ongoing open cohort study with 1827 married Chinese adults living in urban China. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which can separate stable, between-person differences from within-person processes, was applied. Overall, this study found that the bidirectional housework-earnings relationship mainly occurred at the between-person level: higher market earnings were related to less housework time. Few relationship was observed at the within-person level: over the 12-year investigation period from 2004 to 2015, women’s (but not men’s) within-person fluctuations in market earnings influenced their housework time 2 years later only from 2004 to 2006. Overall, this study partially lends support to the work-to-family hypothesis but fails to show evidence for the family-to-work hypothesis.