bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of hardened leather artifact deterioration using infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Jingya , Sun Lijuan , Chen Yuting 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article describes a quantitative assessment method proposed to quickly identify the degree of deterioration of hardened leather artefacts. We used three techniques to artificially age samples, namely, dry-heat ageing (DH), UV-ageing (UV), and alkali-thermal ageing (AT). The deterioration mechanisms were studied via thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Combined with amide III band deconvolution and second derivative fitting, we constructed a method for assessing the degree of deterioration by the relative content of random coils (referred to as R) in the secondary structure of the protein. The results show that with increasing ageing time, the macrostructures and microstructures of the leather changed to varying degrees. This study elucidates the differential behaviour of vegetable-tanned leather collagen under oxidative and hydrolytic mechanisms. Based on the deterioration characteristics and fitting results, we divided the hardened leather into the following three levels. Mild deterioration: 0 ≤ R ≤ 5%; leather with reduced pores and slight dryness and hardness but with a stable collagen structure; if the β-sheet content is ≥ 68% at this point, the leather may be recrosslinked by ultraviolet irradiation. Moderate deterioration: 6 ≤ R ≤ 25%; partial hydrogen bond breaking in leather, loosening of the collagen–tan matrix, dry and hard curling of the leather surface, and fibre cementation. Severe deterioration: R ≥ 40%, β-sheet ≤ 24%, and the α-helix is higher; surface reflection, severe macroscopic deformation and embrittlement, and the breakdown and gelatinization of the three-stranded helical structure of leather proteins. The quantitative analysis method was suitable for studying the deterioration mechanisms and assessing the degree of deterioration in Heishanling leather artefacts, which also provides a new practical scheme for assessing the degree of hardened leather.

Graphical Abstract
Persistent ferromagnetic ground state in pristine and Ni-doped Fe3GaTe2 flakes
Authors: Son Ki-Hoon , Oh Sehoon , Lee Junho , Yun Sobin , Shin Yunseo , Yan Shaohua , Jang Chaun , Lee Hong-Sub , Lei Hechang , Park Se Young , Ryu Hyejin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Room-temperature magnetism and its stability upon miniaturization are essential characteristics required for materials for spintronic devices and information storage. Among various candidates, Fe3GaTe2 stands out due to its high Curie temperature and strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), recently gaining large attention as one of the promising candidate materials for spintronics applications. In this study, we measured the thickness-dependent ferromagnetic properties of Fe3GaTe2 and (Fe1 − xNix)3GaTe2 (with x = 0.1) flakes. We observed that both pristine and Ni-doped Fe3GaTe2 exhibit persistent ferromagnetism, with only a minor decrease in TC as the thickness is reduced to a few tens of nanometers. This capacity to retain robust ferromagnetic properties at reduced dimensions is highly advantageous for thin-film applications, which is crucial for the scaling of spintronic devices. Understanding and controlling thickness-dependent magnetic properties is fundamental to harnessing the full potential of Fe3GaTe2 in van der Waals magnetic heterostructures and advanced spintronic technologies.

Graphical Abstract
Targeting RTKs/nRTKs as promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer: evidence from clinical trials
Authors: Mehta Kasshish , Hegde Mangala , Girisa Sosmitha , Vishwa Ravichandran , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Abbas Mohamed , Shakibaei Mehdi , Sethi Gautam , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe extensive heterogeneity and the limited availability of effective targeted therapies contribute to the challenging prognosis and restricted survival observed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Recent research indicates the aberrant expression of diverse tyrosine kinases (TKs) within this cancer, contributing significantly to tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration. The contemporary paradigm shift towards precision medicine has highlighted TKs and their receptors as promising targets for pharmacotherapy against a range of malignancies, given their pivotal roles in tumor initiation, progression, and advancement. Intensive investigations have focused on various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small molecule inhibitors that specifically target proteins such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), cellular mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), among others, for combating TNBC. These agents have been studied both in monotherapy and in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Despite these advances, a substantial terrain of unexplored potential lies within the realm of TK targeted therapeutics, which hold promise in reshaping the therapeutic landscape. This review summarizes the various TK targeted therapeutics that have undergone scrutiny as potential therapeutic interventions for TNBC, dissecting the outcomes and revelations stemming from diverse clinical investigations. A key conclusion from the umbrella clinical trials evidences the necessity for in-depth molecular characterization of TNBCs for the maximum efficiency of TK targeted therapeutics, either as standalone treatments or a combination. Moreover, our observation highlights that the outcomes of TK targeted therapeutics in TNBC are substantially influenced by the diversity of the patient cohort, emphasizing the prioritization of individual patient genetic/molecular profiles for precise TNBC patient stratification for clinical studies.
Development of a comprehensive clinical assessment protocol for low back and hip pain in powerlifters: a feasibility study
Authors: Olofsson Patrik , Aasa Ulrika , Berglund Lars 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Low back and hip pain problems are frequent in powerlifting. There is a lack of information on the specific pain phenotypes and specific impairments in body function associated with these pain problems, as well as how to reach a clinical diagnosis relevant for powerlifters’ pain problems. Therefore, the aim was to develop a comprehensive clinical assessment protocol for pain and function in powerlifters with low back and/or hip pain and evaluate its feasibility for use in further epidemiological or clinical studies of powerlifters.

Methods
The study was conducted in two phases. In phase one, the protocol was developed according to literature regarding musculoskeletal assessment and sports injuries, and in phase two, feasibility was evaluated. Eight powerlifters with low back/hip pain were included in phase two. Four of them were examined independently by two physical therapists, and the other four were examined by one of the physical therapists. The time spent on the examination, whether the physical therapists could reach a clinical diagnosis without adding items to the protocol, and whether the two physical therapists were consistent in terms of the clinical diagnosis, were evaluated.

Results
The protocol was developed including subjective examination, physical examination, and a clinical diagnosis based mainly on signs and symptoms of associated neurophysiological pain mechanisms and the specific impairments in body functions associated with the powerlifter’s pain problem. The protocol met the feasibility criteria. The examination lasted approximately 1 h, no items needed to be added, and both physical therapists were able to make a consistent clinical diagnosis. Visual observation and alteration of movement strategy of the squat/deadlift were thought to be crucial for assessing the powerlifters’ pain problem.

Conclusions
This is the first comprehensive clinical assessment protocol developed to describe powerlifters’ pain problems/injuries with a clinical diagnosis based on the dominating neurophysiological pain mechanism and impairments in body functions. However, before use in larger studies, it is recommended that the protocol be further evaluated by a larger number of physical therapists and powerlifters to evaluate its reliability and whether the content of the protocol should be further expanded.
Lattice-based cryptanalysis of RSA-type cryptosystems: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zheng Mengce , Kang Hao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) cryptosystem is a widely used public-key cryptographic algorithm in information systems and computer applications. With the advancement of lattice theory, a technique known as the lattice-based method has emerged as a significant threat to RSA and its variants. This paper aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications in the field of lattice-based attacks on RSA-type cryptosystems. The analysis is based on a dataset of relevant publications retrieved from Scopus and utilizes visualization tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer for a thorough overview. In order to understand the research developmental trajectory, we analyze the publication trends over the years, explore cooperation networks at various levels, including country/region, institution, and author, and assess the extent of collaboration, contribution, and productivity within the field. Additionally, author co-citation network and reference co-citation clustering are utilized to enable the identification of significant research achievements, cutting-edge developments, and structural framework. Furthermore, we conduct detailed analysis from a keyword perspective to identify research hotspots and emerging trends. The findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on lattice-based cryptanalysis of RSA-type cryptosystems. Moreover, this bibliometric analysis serves as a valuable resource for identifying fruitful areas for further exploration and guides future research efforts.
Sustainable implementation efforts in physio- and occupational therapy: a scoping review
Authors: Fritz Johanna , Stridsberg Sara Landerdahl , Holopainen Riikka 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Health care professionals often fail to adhere to evidence-based guidelines. The implementation of evidence-based methods in health care requires systematic support, but it is still unclear which strategies support professional adherence to clinical practice guidelines. Behavior change techniques can contribute to a more detailed description of implementation strategies. The aim of this scoping review was to explore the nature of studies investigating the sustainability of physiotherapists’ (PTs’) and occupational therapists’ (OTs’) clinical behavior when implementing evidence-based methods in health care. Two research questions were addressed: (1) Which implementation strategies are used in studies that have experienced sustained and unsustained changes in the clinical behavior of PTs and OTs? (2) Which behavior change techniques are used in studies involving sustained and unsustained changes in the clinical behavior of PTs and OTs?

Methods
The scoping review was carried out in accordance with recommendations and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Six databases were searched. Studies evaluating changes in the clinical behavior of PTs or OTs before and at least 6 months after the end of an implementation intervention were included.

Results
A total of 5130 studies were screened, and 29 studies were included. Twenty-one studies reported sustained results, and 8 studies reported unsustained results. The studies reporting sustained clinical behavior used in median 7 implementation strategies, 45% used a 12–24-month implementation support period, and 86% of the interventions were theory-based. Twenty-two implementation strategies were identified among the included studies. Only two of these defined the implementation strategies in terms of behavior change techniques.

Conclusions
Studies reporting sustained results were characterized by the use of longer implementation periods, more implementation strategies, more theory-based interventions, and more behavior change techniques. Audit and feedback, resources, problem solving, and communities of practice were implementation strategies, and problem solving, demonstration of behavior, and social support were behavior change techniques that were more common in studies with sustained results of PTs’ and OTs’ clinical behavior. Our study also highlights the importance of well-described implementation studies.

Registration
The protocol for the scoping review has been registered in the Open Science Framework, OSF registry (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DUYQM).
Clinical Utility of a Circulating Tumor Cell–Based Cerebrospinal Fluid Assay in the Diagnosis and Molecular Analysis of Leptomeningeal Disease in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Malhotra Jyoti , Muddasani Ramya , Fricke Jeremy , Mambetsariev Isa , Reyes Amanda , Babikian Razmig , Dingal Shaira Therese , Kim Pauline , Massarelli Erminia , Feldman Lisa , Chen Mike , Afkhami Michelle , Salgia Ravi 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality for metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We describe our clinical experience in evaluating the use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)–derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for the diagnosis of LMD and the detection of genomic alterations in CSF cell-free DNA (cfDNA).

METHODS
Patients with NSCLC who had CSF collection as part of routine clinical care for suspected LMD were included in the study. CSF was evaluated for CTCs and cfDNA using a commercial assay (CNSide; Biocept, San Diego, CA), and molecular profiling was performed. Molecular testing results from sequencing of tumor tissue and plasma circulating tumor DNA were collected. cMET and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression analysis was performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

RESULTS

Twenty-two patients were included (77% female; median age 60 years). Sixty-four percent had sensitizing
EGFR
mutations, and 32% had an atypical
EGFR
mutation. Thirteen of the 22 patients (59%) were diagnosed with LMD using the CSF CTC assay. Five of these 13 patients (38%) had negative CSF cytology for LMD, and two patients (15%) had normal magnetic resonance imaging brain imaging. Seven of the 13 patients (54%) had sufficient CTCs to perform molecular profiling. The concordance with tissue next-generation sequencing was 100%, and the driver mutation was identified in all seven patients with the CSF cfDNA assay. cMET expression and HER2 expression via FISH were noted in 11 patients (50%) and four patients (18%) respectively.

CONCLUSION
We detected higher sensitivity to diagnose LMD using CSF CTC-based assay; 38% of LMD cases identified using this assay were missed by standard CSF cytology. CSF molecular testing using CSF cfDNA demonstrated high concordance with tissue-based molecular testing.
Introduction
Authors: Sukarieh Mayssoun , Abu-Lughod Lila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rethinking research practices and querying knowledge production have emerged as part of a popular movement in the academy to “decolonize” the social and human sciences. This introduction to a forum suggests that if decolonizing has become something of a buzzword applied to curricula and embraced even by mainstream foundations eager to develop funding streams to support (in name) the intellectual/political project, this does not mean we should be cynical. Neither, however, should we take decolonization to be a metaphor. This forum is about one of the most consequential implications of the “decolonizing” move: how it broadens our thinking about ethics. Animated by the particular experiences and concerns of this interdisciplinary group of what Amahl Bishara characterizes as “region-related” scholars of the Middle East and North Africa, the focus turned from the contemporary politics of knowledge production to questions of ethical responsibility.
The Crowdfunding Effects on Venture Capital Investment
Authors: Hu Ming , Jin Yannan , Keppo Jussi 
Published: December 2024

We examine the impact of crowdfunding on venture capital (VC) investments in the presence of competition among VC firms. Our economic model comprises a startup, a crowdfunding platform, and two VC firms, each with its own perception of the startup’s potential. The startup seeks equity funding from the VC firms and decides on the size of its equity offer. If the VC firms decline to invest, the startup pivots to crowdfunding. Following the crowdfunding campaign, all firms update their beliefs about the startup’s likelihood of success based on the crowdfunding outcome, prompting the VC firms to revisit their investment decisions, now with a reduced equity offer if the crowdfunding outcome was positive. This study provides theoretical underpinnings at the firm level for the observed aggregate-level empirical relationships, both positive and negative, between crowdfunding and VC investments. Specifically, based on our model, the positive relationship, where increased crowdfunding activity leads to a rise in subsequent VC investments, is attributed to startups that fail to secure VC funding in the absence of a crowdfunding platform but succeed in attracting VC attention after a successful crowdfunding campaign. In contrast, the negative relationship is attributed to highly valued startups that could have secured VC funding without crowdfunding, but with crowdfunding, VC firms choose to defer their investment decision until after the crowdfunding campaign’s result is known; on the one hand, a successful crowdfunding outcome lowers their post-crowdfunding VC investment demand, and on the other hand, an unsuccessful outcome deters potential VC investors. Besides these relationships, we also identify another dynamic, where the option of accessing crowdfunding raises VC investment, even if the startup does not actually launch a crowdfunding campaign. This paper was accepted by Sridhar Tayur, entrepreneurship and innovation. Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grants RGPIN-2015-06757 and RGPIN-2021-04295] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71901135]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00994 .
A CADAVERIC STUDY ASSESSING SAFETY PROFILE FOR USING ANTEROLATERAL (PROXIMAL, MID AND DISTAL) AND POSTEROLATERAL PORTAL IN ELBOW ARTHROSCOPY AND EVALUATING VARIATIONS IN THE COURSE OF VITAL SURROUNDING NERVES
Authors: Sharma Amit , Kalra Mukesh , Rajneesh  , Agarwal Sneh 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveNeurological injuries are most common complication, which has refrained many surgeons from opting elbow arthroscopy for indicated surgeries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of anterolateral (AL) and posterolateral (PL) portals and chances of injury to the radial nerve and posterior interosseous nerve around the elbow joint during elbow arthroscopy.Material & MethodsA cadaveric study was conducted on 16 non dissected cadavers (32 elbow specimens) between the period of January 2021 to June 2022. Four portals were established using 4 mm Steinmann pins which are Proximal AL Portal, Mid-AL Portal, Distal AL Portal and PL Portal. The measurements of each portal were taken for each nerve and compared with each other.ResultsIn our study, the mean age was 56.5 years. Proximal AL Portal was found to be at an average distance of 12.03 mm from radial nerve, 9.48 mm from the PIN and 9.35 mm from the PACN (Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve). Distal AL Portal was at an average distance of 7.95 mm away from the radial nerve which closest to radial nerve amongst all portals. The radial nerve had the most risk of being injured out of all the nerves in the AL and PL portals followed by PIN and PACN in AL portal. Ulnar nerve was found safe in the PL portal.ConclusionThe PL portal was safer than the AL portal for conducting elbow arthroscopy. Care should be taken specially to protect radial nerve while performing elbow arthroscopy.
OUTCOMES OF SACROILIAC JOINT FUSION
Authors: Drake B , Purushothaman B 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesSacroiliac joint dysfunction is a degenerative condition that can result in low back pain and is likely underdiagnosed. Diagnosis is made clinically with the patient experiencing pain in the sacroiliac joint region. Initial management is non-operative with pain management, physiotherapy, injections, and rhizolysis. If these fail then surgical management, by sacroiliac joint fusion, can be considered. The aim of this study was to review the outcomes of all patients who underwent sacroiliac joint fusion by a single surgeon in a large district general hospital between April 2018 and April 2023.Design and MethodsA retrospective review of all patients who underwent sacroiliac joint fusion between April 2018 and April 2023 was conducted. Data was collected from clinical letters, operative notes, and the British Spinal Registry. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back and leg pain were recorded as well as any post-operative complications.ResultsIn total 19 patients underwent sacroiliac joint fusion. Mean age was 47 years (range 27 – 69 years). Nine were right sided procedures and ten were left. The mean BMI was 32.3. ODI improved from a mean of 55 pre-operative to 26 at one year and 15 at two years post-operative. VAS for back pain improved from a mean of six pre-operative to three at one year and one at two years post-operative. VAS for leg pain improved from a mean of five pre-operative to four at one year and zero at two years post-operative. There were no surgical site complications. One patient developed trochanteric bursitis post-operatively. Two patients have since undergone sacroiliac joint fusion on the contralateral side with a further patient awaiting contralateral surgery.ConclusionIn patients with sacroiliac joint pain where non-operative measures have failed to control symptoms sacroiliac joint fusion is a reliable and effective surgical option.
An improved working definition of truth
Authors: Cop Christophe 
Published: December 2024

The concept of truth has long been a subject of philosophical debate. This paper proposes a probabilistic approach to defining truth by extending the concept of truth value from a binary to a continuous variable. Truth value is defined as the degree of correspondence between a statement and what it refers to. A simple mathematical formulation is offered and compared to a Bayesian approach.
This paper illustrates the use of this definition using some simple examples such as the shape of the Earth. A brief discussion on how this definition can impact different fields is provided, along with potential applications.