bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiotoxicity during long-term trastuzumab use in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: who needs cardiac monitoring?
Authors: Bouwer N. I. , Steenbruggen T. G. , van Rosmalen J. , Rier H. N. , Kitzen J. J. E. M. , van Bekkum M. L. , Tije A. J. Ten , de Jong P. C. , Drooger J. C. , Holterhues C. , Smorenburg C. H. , Kofflard M. J. M. , Boersma E. , Sonke G. S. , Levin M.-D. , Jager A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) usually receive many years of trastuzumab treatment. It is unknown whether these patients require continuous left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) monitoring. We studied a real-world cohort to identify risk factors for cardiotoxicity to select patients in whom LVEF monitoring could be omitted.

Methods
We included patients with HER2-positive MBC who received > 1 cycle of trastuzumab-based therapy in eight Dutch hospitals between 2000 and 2014. Cardiotoxicity was defined as LVEF < 50% that declined > 10%-points and was categorized into non-severe cardiotoxicity (LVEF 40–50%) and severe cardiotoxicity (LVEF < 40%). Multivariable Cox and mixed model analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with cardiotoxicity. Additionally, we explored the reversibility of cardiotoxicity in patients who continued trastuzumab.

Results
In total, 429 patients were included. Median follow-up for cardiotoxicity was 15 months (interquartile range 8–31 months). The yearly incidence of non-severe + severe cardiotoxicity in the first and second year was 11.7% and 9.1%, respectively, which decreased thereafter. The yearly incidence of severe cardiotoxicity was low (2.8%) and stable over time. In non-smoking patients with baseline LVEF > 60% and no cardiotoxicity during prior neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment, the cumulative incidence of severe cardiotoxicity was 3.1% after 4 years of trastuzumab. Despite continuing trastuzumab, LVEF decline was reversible in 56% of patients with non-severe cardiotoxicity and in 33% with severe cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions
Serial cardiac monitoring can be safely omitted in non-smoking patients with baseline LVEF > 60% and without cardiotoxicity during prior neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment.
Men’s experiences of radiotherapy treatment for localized prostate cancer and its long-term treatment side effects: a longitudinal qualitative study
Authors:   The ProtecT Study Group, Sutton E. , Lane J. A. , Davis M. , Walsh E. I. , Neal D. E. , Hamdy F. C. , Mason M. , Staffurth J. , Martin R. M. , Metcalfe C. , Peters T. J. , Donovan J. L. , Wade J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate men’s experiences of receiving external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with neoadjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) for localized prostate cancer (LPCa) in the ProtecT trial.

Methods
A longitudinal qualitative interview study was embedded in the ProtecT RCT. Sixteen men with clinically LPCa who underwent EBRT in ProtecT were purposively sampled to include a range of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. They participated in serial in-depth qualitative interviews for up to 8 years post-treatment, exploring experiences of treatment and its side effects over time.

Results
Men experienced bowel, sexual, and urinary side effects, mostly in the short term but some persisted and were bothersome. Most men downplayed the impacts, voicing expectations of age-related decline, and normalizing these changes. There was some reticence to seek help, with men prioritizing their relationships and overall health and well-being over returning to pretreatment levels of function. Some unmet needs with regard to information about treatment schedules and side effects were reported, particularly among men with continuing functional symptoms.

Conclusions
These findings reinforce the importance of providing universal clear, concise, and timely information and supportive resources in the short term, and more targeted and detailed information and care in the longer term to maintain and improve treatment experiences for men undergoing EBRT.
Solving High-Dimensional Dynamic Portfolio Choice Models with Hierarchical B-Splines on Sparse Grids
Authors: Schober Peter , Valentin Julian , Pflüger Dirk 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDiscrete time dynamic programming to solve dynamic portfolio choice models has three immanent issues: firstly, the curse of dimensionality prohibits more than a handful of continuous states. Secondly, in higher dimensions, even regular sparse grid discretizations need too many grid points for sufficiently accurate approximations of the value function. Thirdly, the models usually require continuous control variables, and hence gradient-based optimization with smooth approximations of the value function is necessary to obtain accurate solutions to the optimization problem. For the first time, we enable accurate and fast numerical solutions with gradient-based optimization while still allowing for spatial adaptivity using hierarchical B-splines on sparse grids. When compared to the standard linear bases on sparse grids or finite difference approximations of the gradient, our approach saves an order of magnitude in total computational complexity for a representative dynamic portfolio choice model with varying state space dimensionality, stochastic sample space, and choice variables.
Research on targeted land poverty alleviation patterns based on the precise identification of dominant factors of rural poverty: a case study of Siyang County, Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Min Min , Lin Chen , Duan Xuejun , Jin Zhifeng , Zhang Luocheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPoverty is a common problem faced by various social and economic forms. Eliminating poverty is a major issue of common concern and research all over the world. Land policies for poverty alleviation are an effective means of affecting land agriculture development, increasing the productivity of cultivated land, and promoting growth in farmers’ income and production. In recent years, it has played an important role in promoting poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas. However, the poverty alleviation needs of township units have not been precisely identified, and one-size-fits-all land policies are unable to effectively allocate poverty alleviation resources. Consequently, the actual efficiency of policies has been severely restricted, leading to regional differences in poverty alleviation. In response to this bottleneck, this study takes Siyang County in Jiangsu Province as a case study and adopts the geographical detector model to diagnose and identify the spatial differentiation characteristics and dominant factors of poverty and in various townships. The results can be summarised as ‘four dominant factors of poverty—four regional types of poverty townships—four targeted land poverty alleviation patterns’. Detailed results are as follows: the dominant factors affecting differentiation of rural poverty in Siyang County are labour, technology, land resources, and financial support. The various townships of the county were thus classified into four types according to the main factor affecting poverty: labour-constrained, land-constrained, capital-constrained, and technique-constrained, and proposed four targeted land poverty alleviation patterns for the different constraint types and then to improve the effectiveness of land development policies to successfully achieve precise poverty alleviation and reinforce strategies revitalising rural communities.
Transcending disciplines in architecture, structural and building services engineering: a new multidisciplinary educational approach
Authors: Oliveira Sonja , Olsen Luke , Malki-Epshtein Liora , Mumovic Dejan , D’Ayala Dina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper reflects upon the mechanisms that enable development of curricular approaches to multidisciplinary architecture/engineering higher education. Building upon recent calls for integrated multidisciplinary building design practice, academics at UCL, industry partners and respective professional bodies embarked upon developing a new course that challenged disciplinary boundaries and defined the needs of a new design professional. Whilst there have been attempts internationally to better integrate architecture as well as engineering education, efforts have largely been focused on bolt-on solutions based on pre-existing education programmes. In addition, there has been little discussion (empirical or theoretical) on practical measures associated with developing multidisciplinary education in the built environment. Drawing on mixed data including documentary evidence, semi structured interviews and observations, the study begins to shed light on the approaches underpinning the development of a multidisciplinary built environment MEng course at UCL that integrates architecture, building services and civil engineering. The paper’s contribution is threefold. First, the findings have implications for developing multidisciplinary built environment education curricula, through revealing key mechanisms including the need for shared attitudes and expectations. Second, the paper highlights the conditions that enable the negotiation of multidisciplinary curricula including institutional support, shared values and a collective need and willingness to explore new solutions. Third, the paper reflects upon the value of design studio learning as a critical integrative component to the delivery of multidisciplinary education in the built environment and STEM more widely.
A Combined Study on the Use of the Child Behavior Checklist 1½–5 for Identifying Autism Spectrum Disorders at 18 Months
Authors: Chericoni Natasha , Balboni Giulia , Costanzo Valeria , Mancini Alice , Prosperi Margherita , Lasala Roberta , Tancredi Raffaella , Scattoni Maria Luisa ,   on behalf of the NIDA Network, Molteni Massimo , Valeri Giovanni , Vicari Stefano , Zoccante Leonardo , Arduino Maurizio , Venuti Paola , Sogos Carla , Guzzetta Andrea , Muratori Filippo , Apicella Fabio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe capacity of the Child Behavior Checklist 1½–5 (CBCL 1½–5) to identify children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at 18 months was tested on 37 children clinically referred for ASD and 46 children at elevated likelihood of developing ASD due to having an affected brother/sister. At 30 months the clinically referred children all received a confirmatory diagnosis, and 10 out of 46 siblings received a diagnosis of ASD. CBCL 1½-5 profiles were compared with a group of matched children with typical development (effect of cognitive level controlled for). The capacity of the CBCL 1½-5 DSM Oriented-Pervasive Developmental Problems scale to differentiate correctly between children diagnosed with ASD and children with typical development appeared dependent on group ascertainment methodology.
Mobility and Social Change: Understanding the European Neolithic Period after the Archaeogenetic Revolution
Authors: Furholt Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses and synthesizes the consequences of the archaeogenetic revolution to our understanding of mobility and social change during the Neolithic period in Europe (6500–2000 BC). In spite of major obstacles to a productive integration of archaeological and anthropological knowledge with ancient DNA data, larger changes in the European gene pool are detected and taken as indications for large-scale migrations during two major periods: the Early Neolithic expansion into Europe (6500–4000 BC) and the third millennium BC “steppe migration.” Rather than massive migration events, I argue that both major genetic turnovers are better understood in terms of small-scale mobility and human movement in systems of population circulation, social fission and fusion of communities, and translocal interaction, which together add up to a large-scale signal. At the same time, I argue that both upticks in mobility are initiated by the two most consequential social transformations that took place in Eurasia, namely the emergence of farming, animal husbandry, and sedentary village life during the Neolithic revolution and the emergence of systems of centralized political organization during the process of urbanization and early state formation in southwest Asia.
Well-Being Before and After Pregnancy Termination: The Consequences of Abortion and Miscarriage on Satisfaction With Various Domains of Life
Authors: Huss Björn 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe consequences of pregnancy outcomes other than live birth on subjective well-being have rarely been analysed in research to date. This study examines pre-event determinants as well as the temporary and long-term effects of induced abortion and miscarriage (spontaneous abortion) on satisfaction with various domains of life. The data were derived from the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam). The longitudinal sample consists of 5331 women of reproductive age, of whom 214 women had an induced abortion, 331 women had a miscarriage, and 1156 women had a live birth during the observation period. First, pre-event measures of women who had an induced abortion and women who had a miscarriage were compared with the pre-event measures of those women who gave birth. Second, fixed effects models were used to examine whether overall or domain-specific life satisfaction changed following a pregnancy termination. The results show that pregnancies resulting in abortion or miscarriage were less frequently preceded by pregnancy intentions compared to those resulting in live birth, and that induced abortion—but not miscarriage—was furthermore accompanied by lower pre-event satisfaction than live birth. Following both miscarriage and induced abortion, women experienced temporary declines in overall life satisfaction and showed persistently lower satisfaction in several domains of life. With regard to induced abortion, pre-event measures were a better predictor of overall well-being than the consequences of the event itself. Low life satisfaction might therefore be a risk factor for having an abortion rather than a result.
Morphological Analysis of Human Milk Membrane Enclosed Structures Reveals Diverse Cells and Cell-like Milk Fat Globules
Authors: Schultz-Pernice Isabel , Engelbrecht Lisa K. , Petricca Stefania , Scheel Christina H. , Twigger Alecia-Jane 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, the cellular content of human milk has been a focus in lactation research due to the benefit a potential non-invasive stem cell compartment could provide either to the infant or for therapeutic applications. Despite an increase in the number of studies in this field, fundamental knowledge in regard to milk cell identification and characterisation is still lacking. In this project, we investigated the nature, morphology and content of membrane enclosed structures (MESs) and explored different methods to enrich human milk cells (HMCs) whilst reducing milk fat globule (MFG) content. Using both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence imaging, we confirmed previous reports and showed that nucleated HMCs make up a minority of milk-isolated MESs and are indistinguishable from MFGs without the use of a nuclear stain. HMC heterogeneity was demonstrated by differential uptake of nuclear stains Hoechst 33258 and DRAQ5™ using a novel technique of imaging milk MESs (by embedding them in agar), that enabled examination of both extracellular and intracellular markers. We found that MESs often contain multiple lipid droplets of various sizes and for the first time report that late post-partum human milk contains secretory luminal binucleated cells found across a number of participants. After investigation of different techniques, we found that viably freezing milk cells is an easy and effective method to substantially reduce MFG content of samples. Alternatively, milk MESs can be filtered using a MACS® filter and return a highly viable, though reduced population of milk cells. Using the techniques and findings we’ve developed in this study; future research may focus on further characterising HMCs and the functional secretory mammary epithelium during lactation.
Flood exposure and social vulnerability in the United States
Authors: Tate Eric , Rahman Md Asif , Emrich Christopher T. , Sampson Christopher C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHuman exposure to floods continues to increase, driven by changes in hydrology and land use. Adverse impacts amplify for socially vulnerable populations, who disproportionately inhabit flood-prone areas. This study explores the geography of flood exposure and social vulnerability in the conterminous United States based on spatial analysis of fluvial and pluvial flood extent, land cover, and social vulnerability. Using bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association, we map hotspots where high flood exposure and high social vulnerability converge and identify dominant indicators of social vulnerability within these places. The hotspots, home to approximately 19 million people, occur predominantly in rural areas and across the US South. Mobile homes and racial minorities are most overrepresented in hotspots compared to elsewhere. The results identify priority locations where interventions can mitigate both physical and social aspects of flood vulnerability. The variables that most distinguish the clusters are used to develop an indicator set of social vulnerability to flood exposure. Understanding who is most exposed to floods and where, can be used to tailor mitigation strategies to target those most in need.
Establishment and verification of an osteoporosis risk model in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a valuable new model
Authors: Yan Xiaobin , Xu Zhenhong , Li Shilin , Yan Lisheng , Lyu Guorong , Wang Zecheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSummaryTo establish a model for osteoporosis risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and validate the model. A newly generated predictive model has been suggested to have good differentiation, calibration, and clinical validity and may be a useful clinical model for predicting osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.PurposeTo establish a prediction model for osteoporosis risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and validate the model internally and externally.MethodsA total of 270 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent bone mineral density measurement at our hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their entry time: a training set containing the first 2/3 of the patients (n= 180) and a validation set containing the remaining 1/3 of the patients (n= 90). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish the regression models, and the concordance index (C-index), calibration plot, and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the prediction model.ResultsFive variables, including age (X1), course of disease (X2), the disease activity score using 28 joint counts (DAS28) (X4), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP) (X7), and 7-joint ultrasonic bone erosion (X14), were selected to enter the model. The prediction model is Logit Y = − 12.647 + 0.133X1 + 0.011X2 + 0.754X4 + 0.001X7 + 0.605X14. The model had good differentiation; the C-index in the internal verification was 0.947 (95% CI is 0.932–0.977) and the C-index in the external verification was 0.946 (95% CI is 0.940–0.994). The calibration plot of the model showed excellent consistency between the prediction probability and actual probability. When > 0.483 was taken as the cutoff value for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and Jordan index of the model were 90.24%, 87.76%, 7.37, 0.11, and 78.00%, respectively.ConclusionA newly generated predictive model has been suggested to have good differentiation, calibration, and clinical validity and may be a useful clinical model for predicting osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Fertility Intentions Within a 3-Year Time Frame: a Comparison Between Migrant and Native Italian Women
Authors: Mussino Eleonora , Gabrielli Giuseppe , Ortensi Livia Elisa , Strozza Salvatore 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe body of literature on the fertility of migrants in Europe has grown significantly in recent decades. The focus has mostly been on analysing their actual behaviours, and reflection on other crucial aspects extensively analysed in studies on natives has been lacking. In particular, differences between migrants’ reproductive decision-making process and that of natives are currently understudied in the European context. We will focus on the association between demographic and socio-economic characteristics and fertility intentions, comparing native Italian and migrant women in Italy. We apply logistic regression models to analyse factors associated with strong intentions to have a child (or positive fertility intention) and strong intentionsnotto have a child (or negative fertility intention) in the short term. We use data from the Social Condition and Integration of Foreign Citizens survey on households with at least one foreign member and from the Italian Gender and Generation Survey, both carried out at the national level by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). Net of controlled covariates, migrant women have both higher positive and lower negative fertility intentions within a 3-year time frame than native women do. However, the patterns of fertility intentions are different for natives and migrants as a function of age, educational level, marital status, parity, homeownership and, notably, labour market status. Focusing only on migrant women, we observe that fertility intentions vary by age at arrival and time since migration and that there are significant differences by country and geographical area of birth.
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in conjunction with multiple lymphomatous polyposis in the context of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter suis superinfection
Authors: Naito Toshikatsu , Yuge Ryo , Tanaka Shinji , Otani Rina , Kadota Hiroki , Takigawa Hidehiko , Tamura Tadamasa , Sentani Kazuhiro , Yasui Wataru , Kitadai Yasuhiko , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA 53-year-old woman visited a doctor and complained of chest discomfort after meals. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed multiple granular elevations in the gastric body. After biopsies from the elevations, she was diagnosed with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Polymerase chain reaction also detected Helicobacter pylori and H. suis. Treatment to eradicate H. pylori and H. suis was successful. Endoscopic examination after the bacterial eradication treatment showed that multiple granular elevations remained in the gastric body; however, no lymphoma cells were found during histopathological examination. Thus, we reported a case of H. pylori-positive gastric MALT lymphoma with a unique morphology associated with H. suis superinfection.
Speculative Dynamic Reconfiguration and Table Prefetching Using Query Look-Ahead in the ReProVide Near-Data-Processing System
Authors: Beena Gopalakrishnan Lekshmi , Becher Andreas , Wildermann Stefan , Meyer-Wegener Klaus , Teich Jürgen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFPGAs are promising target architectures for hardware acceleration of database query processing, as they combine the performance of hardware with the programmability of software. In particular, they are partially reconfigurable at runtime, which allows for the runtime adaptation to a variety of queries. However, reconfiguration costs some time, and a region of the FPGA is not available for computations during its reconfiguration. Techniques to avoid or at least hide the reconfiguration latencies can improve the overall performance. This paper presents optimizations based on query look-ahead, which follows the idea of exploiting knowledge about subsequent queries for scheduling the reconfigurations such that their overhead is minimized. We evaluate our optimizations with a calibrated model for various parameter settings. Improvements in execution time can be “calculated” even if only being able to look one query ahead.