bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA helicase DHX15 decreases cell apoptosis by NF-κB signaling pathway in Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Chen Yuan , Chen Xianglei , Pan Lili , Huang Yuanmao , Cai Yuanhua , Li Jinggang , Li Yang , Wang Shanyuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background DHX15 is one of the RNA helicase family members involving in several biological processes, especially in anti-virus and pre-mRNA splicing. Studies have reported that overexpression of DHX15 is related to cancer progression. However, the role of DHX15 in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and latent EB virus infection remains to be elucidated.Methods Expression of DHX15 was measured in BL patient by immunohistochemical staining. In vitro study, a CCK-8 assay was used to analyze the proliferation of Raji cells infected with DHX15-shRNA-Lentivirus and flow cytometry was performed to assess Raji cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondria membrane potential. Members of NF-κB signaling pathway and apoptotic-related proteins expression was measured by western-blot. EBV latent infection products and RNA polymerase Ⅲ transcripts expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western-blot. In vivo study, HE, IHC, TUNEL and ISH assays were used to analyze the effect of DHX15 on subcutaneous tumor nodes formation.Results DHX15 was overexpressed in Burkitt lymphoma patients and tends to be associated with poor progression-free survival and poor overall survival. Knockdown of DHX15 significantly inhibits BL tumor growth, reduced cell proliferation, induced G2/M-phase arrest and increased cell apoptosis. Further analysis showed that canonical NF-κB signaling and downstream targets (such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, survivin), mitochondria and Caspase were involved in the increased cell apoptosis after DHX15 gene knockdown. Furthermore, knockdown of DHX15 induced EBV latent infection products expression and inhibited RNA polymerase Ⅲ activity.Conclusion DHX15 may be an oncogene in the development of BL and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of BL and latent EBV infection.
Exploring the Features of Mobile Application of Anatomy in Basic Medical Sciences: a qualitative study
Authors: Mansouri Mahmoud , Bigdeli Shoaleh , Dehnad Afsaneh , Sohrabi Zohreh , Alizadeh Somayeh , Keshavarzi Mohammad Hasan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The importance of mobile phones has become one of the new research topics in health professions education due to the ease of access and flexibility. Although novel approaches to health professions education recommend the use of educational technologies such as mobile applications, a limited number of studies have been conducted with regard to teaching anatomy through mobile applications. Considering the increasing needs of medical students for mobile technology to meet their educational needs, wants and desires, we decided to explore the features of an anatomy mobile application. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in two stages of holding focus groups and an expert panel session. Students of basic Medical sciences, and faculty members of anatomy at Iran University of Medical Sciences formed the research participants. Semi-structured interviews and note-taking were used to collect the data. Brown and Clark methods were used for thematic analysis and feature extraction. Finally, four criteria presented by Lincoln and Guba for qualitative studies were used to ensure the credibility, confirmability, trustworthiness and transferability of the data. Results Based on the data analysis, 37 codes that could be used to design anatomy mobile content for medical students were extracted. These features were categorized into the main themes of “visual richness”, “scientific comprehensiveness”, “audio richness”, “affordability”, “user-friendliness”, “self-assessment”, “interactive content” and “user support”. Conclusion This study explored the features of an anatomy application that can be used by educational app developers. Anatomy departments of universities of medical sciences, policymakers, and planners in the field of medical education can also adopt the findings of the present study.
Repetitive Negative Thinking is associated with Subjective Cognitive Decline in older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Schlosser Marco , Demnitz-King Harriet , Whitfield Tim , Wirth Miranka , Marchant Natalie L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background In the absence of a cure or effective treatment for dementia, attention has shifted towards identifying risk factors for prevention. Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) describes self-perceived worsening of cognition despite unimpaired performance on neuropsychological tests. SCD has been associated with an increased dementia risk and steeper memory decline. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic process that manifests across several mental health disorders associated with increased vulnerability to dementia. RNT has thus been proposed as a candidate marker of risk for dementia and, relatedly, could contribute to the manifestation of SCD. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SCD and RNT alongside other theoretically informed psychological risk/protective factors for dementia and cognitive decline. Methods In a cross-sectional online survey, 491 older adults (mean=64.9 years, SD =4.2; 63.1% female) completed measures of RNT, personality (including neuroticism), purpose in life, worry, rumination, and meditation practice. SCD was assessed continuously via self-perceived cognitive function (Neuro-QoL) and categorically via endorsement (yes/no) of memory complaints. Regression models, using a stepwise backwards elimination, were built to assess associations between SCD, demographics, and all risk/protective factors. Results A total of 24.2% of participants reported memory complaints. In the final prediction models, RNT was the only psychological variable associated with lower self-perceived cognitive function and with a higher likelihood of memory complaints. Conclusions This study empirically corroborates the theoretical relationship between SCD and RNT. RNT, whether it be a prodromal symptom or independent risk factor, is a promising construct for future research on SCD and dementia risk.
Comparative transcriptome analysis between thrips-resistant and thrips-susceptible alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Temuer Buhe , Wang Xiaoyu , Bao Sarula , Liu Jinyan , Zhao Danyang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are major insect pests on alfalfa and result in decreased plant nutrients and growth, low yields and even plant death. In our previous studies, an alfalfa variety (Caoyuan No.4) with high thrips resistance was bred through consecutive field recurrent selection. In order to better understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms of thrips resistance in Caoyuan No.4, RNA-Sequencing was employed using the thrips-resistant alfalfa accession (Caoyuan No.4) and a thrips-susceptible alfalfa accession (Caoyuan No.2), each with and without thrips infestation.Results: There were 851 genes constitutively upregulated and 434 genes downregulated in Caoyuan No.4 compared to Caoyuan No.2 without thrips infestation. The upregulated genes were mainly involved in primary metabolism such as energy metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism and certain secondary metabolites, while the downregulated genes were mainly related to plant-pathogen interaction. In addition, very few DEGs (only 13) were detected in Caoyuan No.4 after thrips stress, but a total of 3326 contigs DEGs were detected in Caoyuan No.2 after thrips stress. The upregulated genes in Caoyuan No.2 after stress were mainly involved in isoflavonoid biosynthesis, proteasome, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis as well as plant-pathogen interaction. Moreover, 117 genes that were shared in both the S_CK vs S_T group and S_CK vs R_CK group were divided into 6 clusters, which are mainly involved in secondary metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, rust resistance kinase, WRKY transcription factor and nodule lectin.Conclusion: Both constitutive defensive genes and potential induced defensive genes were detected in the defense of Caoyuan No.4. That two distinct kinds of defensive genes — constitutive defensive genes and induced defensive genes — can be simultaneously activated and thus potentially enhance plant protection against insects attacks is a signiﬁcant finding for plant resistance breeders.
Quality of life in sarcopenia measured with the SarQoL® and nutritional status
Authors: Kim Yongtaek , Park Ki Soo , Yoo Jun-Il 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after adjusting for covariates of muscle mass, calf circumference, grip strength, and the timed up and go (TUG) test for diagnosis of sarcopenia. Methods A total of 324 elderly people living in rural villages who were able to move to senior and welfare centers was surveyed. To determine the nutritional status of the elderly subjects, a questionnaire-based screening tool called DETERMINE was used. Developed as a health-related quality of life tool for sarcopenia, the Sarcopenia-specific Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire was used. For screening of sarcopenia, a rapid questionnaire based on self-reported information about falls, mobility, and strength known as the SARC-F questionnaire was used. Assessment of sarcopenia included skeletal muscle mass, calf circumference, grip strength, and the timed up and go (TUG) test. Results As a result of evaluating the relationship between SarQoL and nutritional risk in elderly subjects, the relationship between total SarQoL score and nutritional status was statistically significant in the moderate-risk group (B = -5.542, p = 0.001) and in the high-risk group (B= - 8.136, p < 0.001) in comparison to the low-risk group. Significant correlations were found in all seven domains of SarQoL, except the fear domain. The domain of ​​leisure activity was not related to variables assessing sarcopenia, but only to nutritional risk assessment (moderate-risk group (B = -8.662, p = 0.004) and high-risk group (B = -14.943, p < 0.001)). Conclusions We confirmed an association between quality of life dimensions surveyed by the SarQoL questionnaire and nutritional status. Appropriate interventions are needed following brief evaluation of sarcopenia and nutritional deficiency among elderly people in communities.
Blood loss and knee function after unicompartment knee arthroplasty(UKA) without tourniquet
Authors: Zhang Zhanfeng , Zhong Jianming , Min Jikang , Wang Dan , Wu Lidong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe characteristics of blood loss and knee function after unicompartment knee arthroplasty(UKA) remains unclear. Utilization of tourniquet is considered to compromise the outcome of knee arthroplasty. This study aims to evaluate the hidden blood loss and function restoration of UKA without tourniquet by comparing with total knee arthroplasty(TKA).MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 112 patients were included from August 2017 to October 2018. Both the UKA group (n = 56) and the TKA group (n = 56) underwent procedure without utilization of tourniquet during the whole process. The gender, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, preioperative Hb, and volume of hidden blood loss (HBL) were recorded and analysed. Knee function was assessed at 3 month and 12 month after procedure by using HSS score.ResultThe mean volume of HBL was significant lower in UKA group (324.23ml ± 147.05, 864.82ml ± 206.37, P = 0.001). The HSS score was higher in UKA group 3 month after procedure (88.16 ± 5.57, 83.04 ± 4.88, P = 0.033). No HBL difference was observed in either groups in terms of gender nor age. Hb level dropped to the bottom at the 4th day postoperatively. No correlation was observed between HBL and knee function.ConclusionWithout utilization of tourniquet, the HBL could not be ignored in UKA though it is much less than TKA, and the knee function was not compromised by it.Trial registrationCurrent trial ISRCTN85133278 (Retrospectively registered on 06 April 2020).
Exploring factors associated with quality of life in women undergoing mammography
Authors: Wu Chih Jung , Wang Ya-Jung , Liu Liang-Chih 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Purpose: Mammography is broadly used in early detection of breast cancer. However, women undergoing mammography had experienced physical, psychological, and social disturbance; this could affect their Quality of Life (QoL). Only few studies in QoL have been done on cancer screening populations. The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with QoL among women undergoing mammography. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional questionnaire survey and conducted with 158 women who were undergoing mammography. Data were collected from an outpatient department in a medical center located in central Taiwan from December 2014 to October 2015. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale –General, Chinese version was used to assess the QoL. Emotional distress was measured by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Mishel’s Uncertainty in Illness Scale. Descriptive statistic and multiple liner regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The multiple liner regression results revealed that women with benign breast tumors had better functional well-being (β = 1.276, p = 0.021). Women who had higher uncertainty (β=-0.216, p < 0.01) and emotional distress (β = -1.229, p < 0.01) experienced lower QoL. Conclusion: In this study, the uncertainty, emotional distress significantly predicted the QoL in women undergoing mammography screening. Clinical staff should pay attention to the emotional problems of women undergoing mammography. When women receive the mammography, this is an opportune time to educate them regarding the examination process and inform them of how reductions in uncertainty and emotional problems may help improve their QoL.
The effectiveness of an online intervention in stimulating injury-preventive behaviour in adult novice runners. Results of a randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Kemler Ellen , Cornelissen Maaike H. , Gouttebarge Vincent 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background In addition to the beneficial health effects of being active, running is also associated with a risk of sustaining injuries. The online intervention Runfitcheck was developed to stimulate injury-preventive behaviour among adult novice runners. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Runfitcheck on injury-preventive behaviour among adult novice runners. Design Randomised controlled trial Methods A randomised controlled trial with a follow-up period of five months was conducted among adult novice runners. The intervention group had access to the Runfitcheck intervention, while the control group performed their running activities as usual. One, three, and five months after enrolment, participants reported retrospectively what they had done regarding injury-preventive behaviour (operationalised as (i) using a (personalised) training schedule; (ii) performing strength and technique exercises; and (iii) performing a warm-up routine prior to running). Relative Risks ((RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI)) were used to analyse behavioural change among runners who were not performing the favourable behaviour at enrolment. Results A total of 1,411 novice runners (72.6% female, mean age 38.1 years) were included in this study and assigned to the intervention group (n=715) or control group (n=696). Runners in the intervention group searched more often for information about a warm-up routine (55.6% versus 44.9%; RR 1.211 (95%CI 1.080-1.357); Table 2), and added more often strength exercises to their warm-up routine (49.3% versus 38.2%; RR 1.228 (95%CI 1.092-1.380)). Runners in the intervention group performed more often running technique exercises compared to runners in the control group (58.6% versus 51.5%; RR 1.134 (95%CI 1.015-1.267)), but less often strength exercises (71.9% versus 77.9%; RR 0.865 (95%CI 0.752-0.995)). Within the group of runners that did not perform any warm-up routine at enrolment (n=272; 69.5% female, mean age 35.8 years (SD 9.3), runners in the intervention group performed a regular warm-up routine more often than runners in the control group (47.1% versus 28.4%; n=196; RR 1.461 (95%CI 1.084-1.968)) No significant results were found for using a training schedule. Conclusions The online intervention Runfitcheck was effective in stimulating aspects of injury-preventive behaviour in adult novice runners, mostly related to a warm-up routine.
Effects of subacute ruminal acidosis on colon epithelial morphological structure, permeability and expression of key tight junction proteins in a dairy goat model
Authors: wang Mengya , Li Yang , Gao Min , Song Liwen , Xu Ming , Zhao Xueliang , Zhao Meng , Sun Yanyong , Hu Honglian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: The hindgut epithelial barrier plays an important role in maintaining absorption and immune homeosrasis in ruminants. However, there is little information available on changes of colon epithelial barrier structure and function following grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of SARA on colon epithelial morphological structure, permeability and gene expression involved in epithelial barrier function using dairy goats as a ruminant model. Methods: Twelve mid-lactating Sannan dairy goats (62.13 ± 4.76 kg) were randomly divided into either control (n = 6) or SARA treatment (n = 6). Control goats were fed a mixed diet (non-fiber carbohydrates/neutral detergent fiber (NFC/NDF) =1.15) for 60 days, SARA induction goats were given 4 mixed diets with NFC to NDF ratios of 1.15, 1.49, 2.12 and 2.66 to induce development of SARA. The duration of each diet was 15 d including 12 d for adaption and 3 d for sampling. Continuous ruminal pH recordings were utilized to diagnose the severity of SARA. Additionally, Plasma and colonic tissue were collected to evaluate the epithelial tissue morphological structure, permeability and expression of tight junction (TJ) protein using histological techniques, Ussing chamber, real-time PCR and western blotting. Results: Profound disruption in the colonic epithelium was mainly manifested as the electron density of TJ decreased, intercellular space widened and mitochondria swelled in SARA dairy goats. Epithelial Isc, Gt and the mucosal-to-serosal flux of FD4 ( P < 0.05) were increased, PD was decreased in SARA dairy goats compared with the control. SARA increased the plasma LPS ( P < 0.001), D-lactic acid contents ( P = 0.025) and DAO activity ( P = 0.003). Increased gene and protein expression of claudin-1 and occludin ( P < 0.05) were observed in colonic epithelium of SARA goats. Conclusion: Overall, the data of present study demonstrate that SARA can impair the barrier function of the colonic epithelium in dairy goats, which is associated with severe epithelial structural damage and increased permeability and changes in the expression of TJ proteins.
WITHDRAWN: Cytoplasmic translocation of p16 could be associated with CDK4 to promote progression of breast cancer
Authors: Xie Suling , Zhang Ruirui , Qi Wenjing , Hou Jinping , Zhang Qiuping , Zhang Lizhi , Zhang Lina , Wang Huali , Guan Hongwei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: p16 protein was up-regulated in breast cancer with translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm. In this study, the mechanism of p16 cytoplasmic translocation and its role in progression of breast cancer were investigated. Methods: The expression and subcellular redistribution of p16 and CDK4 were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence in 93 cases of breast cancer. Regulation of different CDK4 status on p16 and its influence on the progression of breast cancer were analyzed with western blotting, CCK8, flow cytometry and transwell assays. Results: Both p16 and CDK4 proteins mainly expressed and co-localized in cytoplasm or nucleoplasm either in breast cancer tissues or in cell lines. Further analysis indicated that p16 was mainly in cytoplasm when CDK4 was over-expressed. However, it located in nucleus when CDK4 was mutated at position 24 (R24C) or knocked down. In addition, cytoplasmic p16 could promote proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. Conclusion: The aberrant accumulation of p16 in cytoplasm could be associated with up-regulated CDK4, which could promote progression of breast cancer cells, indicating a poorer prognosis.
Unequal treatment: challenging socioeconomic and living area disparities in oral rehydration therapy and continued feeding in 35 Sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: woldemedhn Gebretsadik shibre , Zegeye Betregiorigis 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background While the 2030 global goal has motivated proliferation of equity-oriented studies globally, we did not find sweeping studies on disparity in Oral Rehydration Theory (ORT) and continued feeding at the level of the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. Yet, exploring the within and between-country variations of the service could help synthesize useful policy lessons that can be applied to other settings within the region. We aimed to generate evidence on inequality in use of the service at the level of SSA in order to suggest the way forward to advance the momentum already gained in the region with respect to improving coverage of this lifesaving interventions. Method We applied the World Health Organization’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkit for the analysis. Data were obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2012 and 2016. Thirty-five countries were selected from different income categories in SSA. ORT and continued feeding disparity was analyzed with respect to five dimensions of inequality (wealth, education, sex, residence and subnational regions) through four measures of inequality: difference, ratio, population attributable risk and fraction. Results Disparity in use of ORT and continued feeding plagued SSA and consistently favored advantaged population subgroups. In 20 out of 35 countries, the service was disproportionately concentrated among children from well to do households. The inequality was strikingly pronounced in Angola, Guinea, Cameroon and Mali. We also recorded sizable variations with respect to residence and education in 23 and 11 countries. Interestingly, male and female children get the service almost equally in most countries, with only four countries (Niger, Kenya, Guinea-Bissau, and Senegal) suffered sex differentials, generally to the favor of male children. Conclusion In SSA, unjustified disparity around use of ORT and continued feeding is a pervasive problem that requires resolute policy response soon. Eliminating the disparity would set the region miles ahead to reaching the child health related global goals to be attained in 2030. The region might benefit from equitable economic and education policies.