bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Application of A Synthetic Organo-funtionalized High Load Expandable Mica as A Drug Carrier for Controlled Release
Authors: Orta M. Mar , Maisanaba Sara , Medina-Carrasco Santiago , Jos Angeles 
Published: October 2020

Background:
In this work the cytotoxicity and gastric and gastrointestinal resistance of
a high-load synthetic expandable mica, Na-mica-4, is studied for the first time. The hydrophilic
character of this clay mineral can be modified by ion exchange reaction between Na+ inorganic cations
housed in the interlayer space, and surfactant molecules, resulting in the formation of an
organophilic material. This adsorption capability of organic compounds makes them very useful
for a wide range of applications, such as their use as drug carriers. Previous studies have shown the
high adsorption capacity of organofunctionalized Na-mica-4 of different types of drugs.

Objetive:
To carry out initial trials aimed at testing the cytotoxicity of a synthetic organofunctional
expandable mica and evaluating its resistance to gastric and gastrointestinal digestion.

Methods:
A highly charged sodium mica (Na-mica-4) was synthesized and organofunctional by cationic exchange with an
alkilamine, primary amine of 18 carbon atoms (C18-mica-4). Both were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field transmission electron microscopy, surface-specific analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric analysis. In
addition, screening cytotoxicity trials were conducted on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 with C18-mica-4 (0-125
µg/ml).

Results:
Only one of the endpoints evaluated (the reduction of tetrazolium MTS salt by dehydrogenase enzymes) showed a
significant decrease in cellular viability after 48h at the highest concentration tested. C18-mica-4 shows structural resistance
to both, gastric and gastrointestinal, digestion.

Conclusion:
A successful development of a functionalized mica has been made with a promising potential application as a
carrier to the drug.
Properties and Recent Advantages of N,N’-dialkylimidazolium-ion Liquids Application in Electrochemistry
Authors: Alizadeh Marzieh , Nodehi Marzieh , Salmanpour Sadegh , Karimi Fatemeh , Sanati Afsaneh L. , Malekmohammadi Samira , Zakariae Nilofar , Esmaeili Roghayeh , Jafari Hedayat 
Published: October 2020

:N,Nʹ-dialkylimidazolium-ion liquids is one of the important ionic liquids with a wide range of application as conductive electrolyte and in electrochemistry. The modified electrodes create a new view in fabrication of electroanalytical sensors. Many modifiers have beeen suggested for modification of electroanalytical sensor since many years ago. Over these years, ionic liquids and especially room temperature ionic liquids have attracted more attention due to their wide range of electrochemical windows and high electrical conductivity. N,Nʹ-dialkylimidazolium-ion liquids are one of the main important ionic liquids suggested for modification of bare electrodes and especially carbon paste electrodes. Although many review articles have reported onthe use of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensors, no review article has been specifically introduced so far on the review of the advantages of N,Nʹ-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquid. Therefore, in this review paper we focused on the introduction of recent advantages of N,Nʹ-dialkyl imidazolium ionic liquid in electrochemistry.
Hemodynamic Assessment and In vivo Catabolism of Adenosine 5’-triphosphate in Doxorubicin or Isoproterenol-induced Cardiovascular Toxicity
Authors: Yeung Pollen K. , Mohammadizadeh Sheyda , Akhoundi Fatemeh , Mann Kelsey , Agu Remigius U. , Pulinilkunnil Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Purpose:
Previous studies have shown that catabolism of adenosine 5’-triphosphate
(ATP) in systemic blood is a potential surrogate biomarker for cardiovascular toxicity. We compared
the acute toxicity of high doses of doxorubicin (DOX) and isoproterenol (ISO) on hemodynamics
and ATP catabolism in the systemic circulation.

Methods:
sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 8 - 11) were each given either a single dose of 30 mg/kg
ISO, or a twice-daily dose of 10 mg/kg of DOX or 4 doses of normal saline (control) by subcutaneous
injection. Blood samples were collected up to 6 hours for measuring concentrations of ATP
and its catabolites. Hemodynamics was recorded continuously. The difference was considered significant
at p < 0.05 (ANOVA).

Results:
Mortality was 1/8, 5/11, and 0/11 for the DOX, ISO, and control groups, respectively. Systolic
blood pressure was significantly lower in the DOX and ISO treated rats than in control measured
at the last recorded time (76 ± 9 for DOX vs. 42 ± 8 for ISO vs. 103 ± 5 mmHg for control, p
< 0.05 for all). Blood pressure fell gradually after the final injection for both DOX and control
groups, but abruptly after ISO, followed by a rebound and then gradual decline till the end of the
experiment. Heart rate was significantly higher after ISO, but there were no differences between
the DOX and control rats (p > 0.05). RBC concentrations of ADP and AMP, and plasma concentrations
of adenosine and uric acid were significantly higher in the ISO group. In contrast, hypoxanthine
concentrations were significantly higher in the DOX treated group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Acute cardiovascular toxicity induced by DOX and ISO may be measured by changes
in hemodynamics and breakdown of ATP and adenosine in the systemic circulation, albeit a
notable qualitative and quantitative difference was observed.
Evaluation of the Effect of Various Powers of the Diode Laser in Microcrack Formation in the Wall of the Dental Root Canal by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Authors: Godiny Mostafa , Khavid Atefeh , Jalilvand Morteza 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The laser is utilized for the removal of the smear layer, cleaning and disinfecting the dental canal. Recently, diode laser has been offered with a wavelength of (635-980nm) for cleaning and disinfecting the dental root canal.

Objective:
There is not adequate evidence for microcrack formation when using diode lasers with different powers. Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to analyze various powers of a diode laser in microcrack formation in dental root canals.

Methods:
In this experimental study, 100 mandibular incisor teeth that were extracted because of periodontal disease were selected. Using stereo-microscope, the presence of crack and fracture of the root was evaluated before and after canal instrumentation. Then, samples were randomly divided into 10 groups (10 samples in any group) based on different powers of laser and canal to be humid or dry under laser radiation. The laser was utilized for 10s puls within three iterated times. The samples were cross-sectioned after disinfection with a diode laser at 3 and 6mm length from the dental apex. Sections were observed under a scanning electron microscope and images were taken.

Results:

The frequency of microcracks is increased at the distance of (3-6mm) from the dental apex by an increase in laser power level from 2 to 4w (P<0.05). Similarly, results showed that the probability of microcrack formation under dry condition than the humid condition at the distance of 3mm from the dental apex might increase to 6.606 times and at the distance of 6mm from the dental apex increase to 4.978 times more.

Conclusion:
The optimal power of diode laser in the wavelength of (980nm) for cleaning and disinfecting of the root canal with the minimum damage on hard periodontium tissue is 1.5w.
Structural Analysis, Antifungal Activity and Molecular Docking Study of a Compound Isolated from Streptomyces species
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Agrawal Anurag , Chauhan Diwakar , Saini Pragati 
Published: October 2020

Background::
The emergence of drug resistance is the biggest threat; consequently, novel
antimicrobial agents from natural sources is the need of the hour. This study was designed to isolate
and evaluate a bioactive compound from actinomycete against human pathogens.

Methods::
In search of a new antimicrobial compound with enhanced potency, several actinomycetes
were isolated and screened for their anidermatophytic acitivity. The bioactive compound
was extracted and purified by chromatographic technique. The structure of the extracted bio active
compound was elucidated by mass and NMR data. The synthesized bioactive compound was further
tested for its antidermatophytic activity by the micro broth dilution method.

Results::
Streptomyces ARITM 03 was isolated that exhibited antifungal activity against human
pathogenic fungi by primary and secondary screening methods. The MIC of bioactive compound
was found to be 1250, 312.5 and 2500 μg/ml against tested fungal pathogens A. niger, C. albicans
and M. canis, respectively. Chromatography analysis of active metabolite showed a single spot having
Rf value of 0.74 and FT-IR spectrum displaying the presence of OH, CO=NH2 functional
amide group, and C=O keto groups in the structure. The mass and NMR spectra revealed the molecular
formula C26H44N4O6 of bioactive compound. The azole derivative showed an acceptable docking
score and exhibited a greater zone of inhibition in comparison to the other compounds.

Conclusion::
The results presented in this paper provided an insight into the capability of Streptomyces
sp. ARITM03 as a potential source of bioactive secondary metabolites compound a
molecule to develop other azoles, to be used clinically to overcome adverse effects like gynecomastia
and hepatotoxicity due to extensive use of current azole antifungal agents.
Optimization of Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration Cutting Parameters Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xiao Maohua , Zhang Liang 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Problems, such as severe hardening and poor processing quality, are present in
the cutting process of difficult-to-machine materials.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate and optimize the machining parameters of 630 stainless
steel by using an independently designed 28-KHz double-excitation elliptical vibration cutting process.

Methods:
Using the AdvantEdge platform and response surface method, the effects of the cutting speed
v, feed rate f, and cutting depth ap on the cutting forces Fx and Fy in the feed and depth directions, respectively,
and cutting temperature T were analyzed. Then, regression prediction models with three response
variables for each of the three independent variables were established, and the best cutting parameter
combination was optimized. Finally, the results were obtained and validated through physical
experiment methods.

Results:
Results show that the error of the experimental results relative to the predicted ones under the
optimized cutting parameter combination is less than 9%.

Conclusion:
Based on the response surface method, the optimal cutting parameters are obtained, and the
cutting force and cutting temperature are at a lower level. The findings indicate the feasibility of the optimized
machining parameters and provide a reference for the selection of cutting parameters and the
publishing of patents, and when ultrasonic vibration is used, for cutting difficult-to-machine materials.
Natural and Nanotechnology Based Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Psoriasis
Authors: Yadav Nishu , Aggarwal Rohan , Targhotra Monika , Sahoo Prabhat K. , Chauhan Meenakshi K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract::Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease of the skin that is chronic, inflammatory, recurring, and affects about 2-5 percent of the population of the world. For treating psoriasis, ample drugs and molecules are available. However, none are safe and efficient for treating the disease without sacrificing the compliance of the patient. Also, existing medications are intended to mitigate the signs and symptoms and 100% cure is not achieved. They do, however, concentrate on treating the illness and relieving the symptoms. Therefore, finding a delivery mechanism that can treat psoriasis safely and efficiently without sacrificing patient enforcement remains a critical task. Nano based formulations present a high prospect of overcoming the weakness of traditional formulations by providing dose reductions, reduced side effects, and dosage frequency with improved efficacy while herbal medicinal products can also be used as potential drugs against psoriasis as they are easily available and are safe. This review focuses primarily on the traditional strategies and recent discoveries of a range of anti-psoriatic drugs in metallic, polymer, and herbal-based formulations. Nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, nano-capsules, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), ethosome, liposomes have been elaborated. Also, studies relating to the use of Phyto based plants in psoriasis has been discussed. Nano and herbal based formulations, in a nutshell, remain known as a promising approach for treating psoriasis.
Superior Co-catalysis by Bimetallic Nanostructure for TiO2 Photocatalysis
Authors: Pal Bonamali , Monga Anila , Bathla Aadil 
Published: October 2020

Background::
Bimetallic nanocomposites have currently gained significant importance for
enhanced catalytic applications relative to monometallic analogues. The synergistic interactions modified
electronic and optical properties in the bimetallic (M1@M2) structural morphology e.g., coreshell
/alloy nanostructures resulting in a better co-catalytic performance for TiO2 photocatalysis.

Objective::
Hence, this article discusses the preparation, characterization, and co-catalytic activity of
different bimetallic nanostructures namely, Cu@Zn, Pd@Au, Au@Ag, and Ag@Cu, etc.

Methods:
These bimetallic co-catalysts deposited on TiO2 possess the ability to absorb visible light
due to surface plasmonic absorption and are also expected to display the new properties due to synergy
between two distinct metals. As a result, they reveal the highest level of activity than the monometal
deposited TiO2.

Results:
Their optical absorption, emission, charge carrier dynamics, and surface structural morphology
are explained for the improved photocatalytic activity of M1@M2 loaded TiO2 for the hydrogenation
of certain organic compounds e.g., quinoline, crotonaldehyde, and 1,3-dinitrobenzene, etc. under
UV/ visible light irradiation.

Conclusion::
It was revealed that the use of bimetallic core@shell co-catalyst for hydrogenation of
important industrial organics by M1@M2-TiO2 nanocomposite demonstrates beneficial reactivity in
many instances relative to conventional transition metal catalysts.
Designing a Chat-bot for College Information using Information Retrieval and Automatic Text Summarization Techniques
Authors: Guha Radha 
Published: October 2020

Background::
In the era of information overload it is very difficult for a human reader to
make sense of the vast information available on the internet quickly. Even for a specific domain like
a college or university website, it may be difficult for a user to browse through all the links to quickly
get the relevant answers.

Objective::
In this scenario, the design of a chat-bot which can answer questions related to college
information and compare between colleges will be very useful and novel.

Methods::
In this paper, a novel conversational interface chat-bot application with information retrieval
and text summarization skill is designed and implemented. Firstly, this chat-bot has a simple
dialog skill; when it can understand the user query intent, it responds from the stored collection of
answers. Secondly, for unknown queries, this chat-bot can search the internet, and then perform text
summarization using advanced techniques of natural language processing (NLP) and text mining
(TM).

Results::
The advancement of NLP capability of information retrieval and text summarization using
machine learning techniques of Latent Semantic Analysis (LSI), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA),
Word2Vec, Global Vector (GloVe) and TextRank is reviewed and compared in this paper first before
implementing them for the chat-bot design. This chat-bot improves user experience tremendously
by getting answers to specific queries concisely which takes less time than to read the entire
document. Students, parents and faculty can get the answers for a variety of information like admission
criteria, fees, course offerings, notice board, attendance, grades, placements, faculty profile,
research papers, patents, etc. more efficiently.

Conclusion::
The purpose of this paper was to follow the advancement in NLP technologies and implement
them in a novel application.
A More Suitable Definition of Quadratic Surds
Authors: Lecian Orchidea Maria 
Published: October 2020

Background:The properties of the groupPGL(2,C) on the Upper Poincar´e Half Plane have been analyzed.Objective:In particular, the classification of points and geodesics has been achieved by considering the solution to the free Hamiltonian associated problem.Methods:The free Hamiltonian associated problem implies to discard the symmetry sl(2,Z) for the definition of reduced geodesics. By means of the new definition and classification of reduced geodesics, new construction for tori, punctured tori, and the tessellation of the Upper Poincar´e Half Plane is found.Results:A definition of quadratic surds is proposed, for which the folding group corresponds to the tiling group, (also) for Hamiltonian systems on the Hyperbolic Plane (also realized as the Upper Poincar´e Half Plane (UPHP)).Conclusion:The initial conditions determine the result of the folding of the trajectories as tiling punctured tori and for tori.
A Novel Work on Analyzing STRESS and Depression level of Indian
Population During COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Amit Kumar , Mathur Priya , Bijawat Shruti , Dadhich Abhishek 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
The world is facing the pandemic situation of COVID-19 which leads to a large level of stress and
depression on mankind as well on society. Static measurements can be conducted for early identification of the stress and
depression level and diagnose or preventing from the effect of these conditions. Several studies have been carried out in
this regard. The Machine learning model is the best way to predict the level of stress and depression of humankind by
statistically analyzing the behavior of humankind which helps to the early detection of stress and depression. This helps to
prevent society from psychological pressures from any disaster like COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the
public health emergencies which are of great international concern. It imposes a great physiological burden and challenges
on the population of the country facing the disaster caused by this disease.

Methods:
In this paper, the authors have surveyed by defining some questionnaires related to depression and stress and
used the machine learning approach to predict the stress and depression level of humankind in the situation COVID19The data sets are analyzed using the Multiple Linear Regression Model. The predicted score of stress and depression is
mapped into DASS-21. The predictions have been made over different age groups, gender, and categories. The Machine
learning model is the best way to predict the level of stress and depression of humankind by statistically analyzing the
behavior of humankind which helps the early detection of stress and depression.

Results:
Females are more stressed and depressed than males. The people who are 45+ years age are more stressed and
depressed. The male and female students are more stressed and depressed. The overall analysis said that the peoples of
India are stressed and depressed at the level of “Serve” due to COVID-19. This can because of a student’s career
concerning their study and examination. The females who feel so much burden of business as well as their salary. The
aged people are depressed due to COVID-19 disaster.

Conclusion:
This research given very big support to understand our objectives. We have also implemented our analysis of
data based on DASS-21 parameters defined for the Anxiety, Depression, and stress at the world level. By the analysis
defined in section 5 we conclude that the people of India are more stressed and depressed at the level of "Serve" due to
COVID-19.
Comparative effectiveness of trastuzumab emtansine versus lapatinib plus chemotherapy for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Ramagopalan Sreeram V , Pisoni Riccardo , Zenin Aleksandr , Rathore Lokendra Singh , Ray Joshua , Sammon Cormac 
Published: October 2020

Aim:
To investigate the comparative effectiveness of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in a real-world population of HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients.
Materials & methods:
The Flatiron Health database was used to identify a cohort of HER2+ mBC patients who received first-line trastuzumab treatment and T-DM1 or lapatinib plus chemotherapy as second-line treatment. Overall survival was compared between the two groups.
Results:
A total of 278 patients with HER2+ mBC received second-line T-DM1 and 34 lapatinib plus chemotherapy. Overall survival was longer in patients treated with T-DM1 than those treated with lapatinib plus chemotherapy (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38–0.85).
Conclusion:
Real-world data supports the effectiveness of T-DM1 in the second-line treatment of HER2+ mBC patients.
Pembangunan Infrastruktur Voice Over Internet Protocol di Organisasi Perangkat Daerah Boyolali menggunakan Server Elastix
Authors: Exsan Maftufin , Fadlilah Umi 
Published: October 2020

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin maju, didukungdengan jaringan internet yang semakin sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari serta pentingnya komunikasi dalam sebuah lingkungan pemerintahan, maka dalam penelitian ini penulis membangun infrastruktur jaringan Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) di Organisasi Perangkat Daerah Boyolali (OPD Boyolali) menggunakan Server Elastix. Teknologi ini mampu menyediakan komunikasi yang berjalan pada jaringan internet yang tentunya lebih hemat jika dibandingkan harus menggunakan operator telepon ataupun berlangganan jasa telepon rumah. Hasil penelitian ini berupa jaringan VoIP yang dapat diakses oleh seluruh OPD Boyolali. Hasil pengujian yang lakukan menggunakan aplikasi Wireshark menunjukkan bahwa jaringan VoIP ini memiliki kualitas yang bagus, sehingga komunikasi yang berlangsung dapat berjalan dengan lancar.
Governança e gestão inteligentes em municípios de pequeno porte: o caso de Luzerna (SC – Brasil)
Authors: Linhares João Eduardo , Santos Gilson Ditzel , Marini Marcos Junior , Mendes Dreone 
Published: October 2020

Nos últimos anos, o tema cidades inteligentes ganhou maior interesse da comunidade acadêmica e profissionais do setor público. Um dos propósitos das cidades inteligentes é de fornecer sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento econômico e qualidade de vida. O presente estudo busca identificar como um município de pequeno porte pode alcançar governança e gestão inteligente para o desenvolvimento da cidade. Foi realizado um estudo de caso em um município que desenvolve práticas de governo eletrônico e governança, por meio de um estudo descritivo, com a técnica de análise de conteúdo por categorias. Após uma revisão de literatura, foram definidas as seguintes categorias de análise: processo de tomada de decisão; uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC); participação e colaboração dos stakeholders; governança multinível, colaborativa, inteligente. Foi possível identificar que o Município de Luzerna apresenta iniciativas inovadoras, usando processos de tomada de decisão que envolvem diversos atores, em uma relação multinível, que caracterizam governança e gestão inteligentes.
Palavras-chave: Governança Inteligente. Governança Multinível. Stakeholders. Governo Eletrônico. Inteligência na Cidade.