bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of preventable hospitalizations in an Italian hospital: analysis of administrative data
Authors: Carfagnini F , Cedrone F , Fortunato V , Del Duca L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Preventable hospitalizations (PHs) represents less efficiency and low access to outpatient and primary health care. The lengthening of life expectancy and comorbidities that can be treated with primary care are associated with PHs. This study examines the risk of having a PH based on age, gender and comorbidities.

Methods
We designed a retrospective observational study of admission occurred in a great hospital of the southern of Italy from 2014 to 2019. Composite indicator for PHs were selected using the algorithm proposed by the Agency of Health Research Quality. Any composite indicator (PQI90, PQI91, PQI92) were used as dependent variable of a Poisson model to compute RRs. Comorbidities were decoded as proposed by Charlson et al. in secondary diagnosis.

Results
A total of 185264 admissions were included in the study, with 11815 (6,37%) PQI90, 2706 (1,46%) PQI91, 9109 (4,91%) PQI92. Age (1.03; CI95%1.03-1.03), cerebrovascular disease (1.33; CI95%1.22-1.44), Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (1.40; CI95%1.30-1.51), diabetes without (1.70; CI95%1.61-1.80) or with (1.83; CI95%1.53-2.18) complications and a mild liver disease (1.76; CI95%1.54-2.00) were associated with PQI90. Age (1.02; CI95%1.02-1.02), cerebrovascular disease (1.60; CI95%1.35-1.90), COPD (1.49; CI95%1.24-1.78), diabetes without complications (1.52; CI95%1.32-1.74) and a mild liver disease (2.87; CI95%2.33-3.54) were associated with PQI91. Age (1.04; CI95%1.04-1.04), cerebrovascular disease (1.26; CI95%1.15-1.39), COPD (1.38; CI95%1.26-1.50), diabetes without (1.76; CI95%1.65-1.87) or with (2.03; CI95%1.68-2.45) complications and a mild liver disease (1.40; CI95%1.18-1.65) were associated with PQI92.

Conclusions
All indicators of PHs are associated with the increase in age and the presence of common and treatable comorbidities in primary care assets. These indicators are useful for implementing preventive strategies in order to reduce the burden of admission in the hospital setting.

Key messages
Preventable hospitalizations represent an important portion compared to total hospitalizations. Improvement of primary care strategies are needed to reduce the burden of preventable hospitalizations.
12.I. Skills building seminar: Making the elevator pitch more effective: how to convince a policymaker in less than 2 minutes
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA, EUPHAnxt,   Chair persons: Dineke Zeegers Paget - EUPHA, Maaike Droogers - EUPHA
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Since a number of years, the European Public Health Association (EUPHA), the European Public Health Conferences and other associations, have been working hard to translate the evidence in a such a format that policymakers take notice. For example, the WHO Regional Office for Europe works on 'telling the public health narrative' and provides factsheets and infographics, in order to effectively communicate public health messages to policymakers. At the European Public Health Conference so-called pitch presentations were introduced (at Glasgow 2014), where researchers are asked to present their work in 5 minutes with maximum 5 slides (no animations), as a way to learn to present key messages from research in just a few minutes. EUPHA has organised several skills building workshops on translation of evidence in the past years, including last year's session 'making the elevator pitch work'. Lessons learned during this workshop in Marseille are: Have a clear ask (keep it simple)Appeal to the policymaker's own interests and prioritiesSpell out how action will be beneficial for the policymakerBe aware of upcoming electionsBuilt a relationship with the assistants of politicians
Following the great interest in last year's workshop, this workshop will complement the outcomes of the 'lessons learned' with additional tips for convincing a policymaker. The list of lessons learned will be expended by reflecting on models of knowledge translation. Models of knowledge translation and evidence informed policymaking are abundant. Some key aspects that can be added to the list are: considering the 'policy window', making the comparison with the policy plans, identifying the relevant stakeholders and groups affected by the problem.
In this skills-building workshop, we will select a number of abstracts that have been accepted by the International Scientific Committee as posters and we will invite the presenting authors to this dare: Present your work and key messages in less than 2 minutes. In order to see whether the policymaker is convinced, we are organising a small panel of policymakers and ask them to give their feedback. Are they interested? Do they remember the key message? And if all goes well, do you get an invitation to come back and present more of your work?

Key messages
Being able to present your key messages anywhere, anytime is needed. Telling the public health narrative and telling a story are important skills for public health professionals to have.
Understanding and comparison of self-reported problems of Syrian refugees in three countries
Authors: Morina N , Drescher A , Akhtar A , Spaaij J , Kiselev N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Syrian refugees have high levels of mental disorders. They face multiple stressors before, during and after migration which affect their psychosocial wellbeing. Stressors after flight may vary due to different geographic, economic, cultural, socio-political contexts. Previous studies demonstrate that displacement-related factors are as likely as war exposure to contribute to distress after migration and hence, are pivotal to include in public health policy. Assessments in mental health care are mainly through nomothetic measurements, often developed in western countries. A growing body of literature recognizes the importance of clients' own perspective, especially in cross-cultural settings. The aim of this multi-country study was to describe and compare self-reported problems of Syrian refugees between Jordan, Turkey and Switzerland.

Methods
Using the semi-structured client-generated outcome measurement PSYCHLOPS enabled to identify and compare problems in various study settings: camp-based in Jordan (N = 61), community-based in Turkey (N = 46) and Switzerland (N = 57), respectively. Questionnaires were analyzed following thematic analysis. The developed coding framework allowed to qualitatively illustrate the meaning and quantitatively compare the frequency of codes.

Results
Almost all the emerged themes are related to post-migration stressors. Over half of the participants reported practical problems with an emphasis on financial, employment, government regulations, followed by psychological and physical health problems. For participants in Turkey, finances are of much more concern than in Jordan and Switzerland, whereas in Switzerland, problems with government regulations stand out.

Conclusions
This study underlines the importance of displacement-related factors with special regard to local key factors on psychosocial wellbeing. Consequently, when planning mental health care services and preventive measures such factors must be considered and addressed.
Group problem management plus for decreasing psychological distress in Syrian refugees in Turkey
Authors: Acarturk C , İlkkurşun Z , Yurtbakan T , Troian J , Uygun E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The crisis in Syria has caused millions of Syrians to seek refuge in neighboring countries and Europe. Refugees often experience war related traumatic events and other various adversities during war and flight. These traumatic events increase the risk for common mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder and related somatic symptoms compared to that of host populations. However, despite the high prevalence rates of mental health disorders, refugees' access to mental health services are low. As a public health priority, it is essential to address the mental health needs of refugees. The World Health Organization has developed evidence-based short psychosocial interventions to bridge this gap and Problem Management Plus (PM+) is one of them. PM+ is under investigation within the STRENGTHS project and in Turkey, which is a partner country to the project, the group version of the intervention has been implemented with Syrian refugees. This presentation will provide an overview of the pilot study in Turkey.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial with 46 Syrian refugees in a community sample was conducted. Participants with elevated levels of distress measured by Kessler 10 (K10 &gt; 15) and self-reported functional impairment (WHODAS 2.0 &gt; 16) were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio either to Group PM + (N= 24) or enhanced care as usual (E-CAU, N = 22).

Results
No adverse events were reported during the trial and assessments. There was no significant difference between control and experiment group with respect to anxiety (d = .14, p=.63), depression (d = .27, p=.36) and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (d = .18, p=.55) at 3 months follow-up. The main trial will be conducted with a larger sample (N = 380) to detect any significant effect and provide more generalizable results.

Conclusions
The challenges of implementation of group PM+ in a community sample of Syrian refugees in Turkey will be discussed.
Potential opportunities for nurse’s participation in cardiovascular disease prevention in Bulgaria
Authors: Todorova M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The role of the nurse in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not clearly regulated in Bulgaria. Autonomous nursing interventions related to health education and monitoring of CVD patients are poorly integrated in the nursing profession. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the disease on social life among CVD patients and the need for preventive nursing care.

Methods
The study included 146 CVD patients and a control group of 146 individuals. The number of men and women in both groups is equal. The mean age of the respondents is 61.15 ± 2.35. The toolkit contains 3 parts: a standardized questionnaire for the study of the quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), an adapted Bulgarian version of the anxiety test (STAI), a panel for social adaptation and health care. Statistical analysis was made using the SPSS software.

Results
Anxiety negatively affects patients' ability to cope with occupational and family involvement (χ2 = 27, p = 0.000); limits leisure activities (χ2 = 22.97, p = 0.000); the frequency of communication with friends and colleagues is decreased (χ2 = 10.58, p = 0.01); the possibilities for organizing daily life according to needs are limited (χ2 = 22.37, p = 0.000). Increasing anxiety levels decreases patients' health scores. The relationship between the variables anxiety and quality of life is inversely moderate (r = -0.492). One-third of patients indicate the need for health information about the disease and training by a nurse to deal with the symptoms of the disease.

Conclusions
The chronic illness complicates the daily life and social life of CVD patients. The outlined psychosocial characteristics of CVD patients are directly related to the assessment of quality of life and health. The nurse can actively participate in the training of patients to control disease manifestations and adapt to daily life.

Acknowledgments
This study was supported by Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Postdoctoral Project-08/2019.

Key messages
Nurses have professional competencies for monitoring and training patients to cope with risk factors and their integration in teams with other medical specialists can be beneficial. The active participation of nurses in the prevention of CVD will contribute to improving the quality of patient care.
Nurse students’ willingness and capability for oncology care provision
Authors: Gergova P , Georgieva S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Oncology care is a growing and very specific area. Provision of care for oncology patients requires specialized knowledge and skills, and high nurses' motivation. The aim of this study is to examine student nurses' career plans as well as their readiness to provide qualified in-patient and out-patient oncology care.

Methods
The study is a part of a wider project observing nurses' capability to provide high quality care for patients with oncology diseases. Data were collected by direct group self-administered questionnaire amongst 123 fourth year student nurses in Medical University - Pleven, Bulgaria. Questions were directed to students' opinion about the readiness to work, preferences for oncology units, willingness to provide comprehensive care, motivation to improve their qualification etc. Data processing was performed by SPSS v. 24.

Results
Willingness to practice oncology care after graduation report 45.24% of the respondents while 54.76% don't prefer to work at this area. Preferable units for work are Clinic of oncology surgery (73.68%), followed by departments of chemotherapy (18.52%) and radiation treatment. Although students said they must have special competencies for oncology care, no significant part of them appreciated their knowledge as excellent (11.90%) or very good (23.81%). About two thirds of study subjects (64.29%) assess their competences as good or lower. Willingness to practice oncology care is significantly associated with higher self-assessment (p &lt; 0.05). Students assess the necessity of improvement of their competences after graduation through postgraduate courses (19.06%), specialization in oncology care (47.62%) and continuing education in a Master's degree (11.90%).

Conclusions
Implications include providing more intensive faculty mentoring in oncology care to increase the number of nurses seeking this professional area after graduation and help with possibilities for future enhancement of their professional competencies.

Key messages
Most of the new graduated nurses don’t want to provide oncology care. Self-assessment of their specific competences is not high which might decrease their motivation to work in this professional area. Faculty mentoring in oncology care should be more intensive. Moreover, possibilities for improvement of competences by postgraduate courses, specialization and continuing education must be available.
Pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines - A significant reduction of pediatric admissions and deaths
Authors: Elias A , Nogueira P , Sousa P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Mortality rates associated with paediatric inpatient stays in mainland Portuguese Hospitals have decreased approximately 50%, between 2000 and 2016, despite the majority of deaths occurring in hospitals. During this timeframe meningococcal and pneumococcal vaccines were introduced in the National Vaccination Programme (NVP). In this study, the authors analyzed admission and mortality rates associated with vaccine preventable diseases such as pneumococcal and meningococcal disease.

Methods
A sequential cross-sectional retrospective study was performed, from 2000 and 2016, to assess the hospitalizations for meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia of children and adolescents at the SNS (National Health Service) hospitals in mainland Portugal. An administrative Portuguese database that contains all the public hospital admissions to mainland Portugal hospitals was utilized and diagnoses were coded per ICD9. National Institute Of Statistics (INE) data was accessed as reference. All admissions of individuals 17 years old and younger were analysed.

Results
A 10-fold reduction of admissions and deaths for pneumococcal pneumonia and a 3-fold reduction of meningococcal sepsis were observed after the introduction of the antipneumococcal and antimeningococcal vaccine in the NVP, respectively.

Conclusions
These results highlight the importance of vaccination to prevent illness, hospital admissions and deaths in children and can provide evidence to educate the public towards vaccination.

Key messages
The results highlight the importance of vaccination to prevent illness, hospital admissions and deaths in children. The results show a 10x reduction in pneumococcal pneumonia hospital admission and deaths and a 3x in meningococcal meningitis.
Intra-familial communication of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer information in Italian women
Authors: Di Pietro M , Zace D , Orfino A , Di Raimo F R , Poscia A , Lucci Cordisco E , Genuardi M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Genomic testing expansion for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) comes with an increased need for genetic counseling and intra-familial communication. Genetic counseling can play an important role in facilitating intra-familial communication and relationships, thus avoiding misunderstandings within the family.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, multicenter study including 252 Italian women, using a questionnaire divided in two sections; the first to be filled after the pre-test counseling and the second after receiving the genetic test results. This aimed at assessing the factors influencing the disclosure of genetic information for HBOC, family members that probands share genetic information with, and the degree of understanding of the information received by the counselees during genetic counseling.

Results
Women were accompanied to the counseling more by their husbands/partners. Among those with a positive test result, 49% shared it with their offspring and 27 % with their husband/partner. Younger women, those living with their husbands/partners and those who described family communication as open/deep had a higher probability of being accompanied at the genetic counseling and discuss about it with relatives. Being alone at the genetic counseling was significantly associated to non-existing familial relationship (p = 0.003) and problematic intra-familial communication (p = 0.005). Sincere or joyful familial relations were associated with the decision to undergo genetic testing as a responsibility towards relatives. Women had a good understanding of the counseling (mean score 9.2 in a scale1-10).

Discussion
Genetic counseling providers should consider that the disclosure of genetic information does not depend only on the clarity of the information provided, but also on pre-existing intra-familial communication and relationship, family structure and marital status, indicating the need of a personalized approach based on these factors.

Key messages
The disclosure of genetic information from women to their relatives in the case of HBOC is a complex relational process, which poses practical and ethical problems for individuals and families. Genetic counseling providers should be able to advice their patients on the importance of genetic information disclosure, considering, also, the pre-existing intra-familial communication dynamics.
Occupational inequality in disability pension among persons with diabetes and comorbidity
Authors: Bender A , Andersen I , Brønnum-Hansen H , Vrangbæk K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Persons with type 2 diabetes (DM2) have higher probability of an early exit from the labour market and to receive permanent disability pension compared with persons without DM2.

Objectives
To assess the association between occupational class and disability pension among persons without disease, with DM2 only and DM2 with six comorbid conditions (CVD, musculoskeletal disorders, mental disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease and ≥2 comorbid diseases).

Methods
All employed persons aged 40-64 living in Denmark in the period 2011-2017(n, year 2011=1,454,649) were stratified according to DM2 and six major concomitant diseases. We estimated the relative risk of disability pension dependent on DM2 comorbidity status and occupational class by means of a log-binomial regression. Reference group was upper non manual employees with no disease.

Results
The highest risks of disability pension were seen for DM2 + mental disease, age 40-59 (RR = 2.45 [2.3-2.5]), DM2 + cerebrovascular disease (RR = 2.45 CI 95% [2.1-2.8]) and DM2 + ≥2 diseases (RR = 2.98 [2.9-3.1]). Unskilled and manual workers were more likely to receive disability pension. The occupational inequality was highest among younger persons and groups of persons with DM2 only and DM2 + CVD and lowest for persons with more than one concomitant disease.

Conclusions
The results suggest that among people with DM2, labour market exit depend on both comorbid conditions and occupational class. Overall, our results show that the relative effects of occupational class on disability pension decrease in cases with severe comorbid conditions. In younger persons the mechanisms may be more nuanced, suggesting that persons with DM2 + comorbid conditions in particular have difficulties fulfilling the working requirements of lower occupational jobs. Practitioners may use the results in targeting prevention interventions to persons in high risk of early labour market exit.

Key messages
Low occupational class and comorbidity increase the risks of disability pension among persons with DM2. Constrained work-flexibility of low occupational jobs may influence diabetes self-care and explain high inequality in disability pension.
#UsapTayo: Utilizing Tweetchat for Mental Health Advocacy in the Philippines
Authors: Zuniga Y , Dahildahil R , Mina J , Libanan A , Mojica R , Laude K , Galindo C , Eloriaga M , Labordo E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mental health remains a public health concern across countries. It is estimated that 1 in 4 people will be affected by mental or neurological disorders at some point in their lives. In the Philippines, about 3 million Filipinos live with depression. Mortality rate for suicide is 3.2 per 100,000 population. Meanwhile, social media use remains high in the country with 76 million users in 2019. It is thus important to explore potential ways in maximizing social media for mental health advocacy.
From January 1 to December 31, 2019, a mental health tweetchat “#UsapTayo” (direct Filipino translation of WHO's #LetsTalk) was observed every 10th, 20th, 30th of the month from 7:00 to 8:00 PM. #UsapTayo aimed to answer how effective social media platforms like Twitter in promoting mental health awareness and education among Filipino Twitter users. Engagements and impressions from users were measured using Symplur, a healthcare hashtag analytics platform.
From January to December 2019, a total of 4,626 users participated in the tweetchat. Impressions for the year reached 52 million with an average of 4.75 million impressions per month. Engagements and impressions were recorded highest in the month of September with 1,169 users and 8.74 million, respectively. Overall, the tweetchat #UsapTayo was able to generate 14,385 tweets for the complete calendar year with suicide prevention identified as the most discussed topic among Filipino Twitter users.
Given the country's high social media penetration rate at 71% with Twitter ranking as the second most frequently used social media, leveraging this platform improves access to information and helps in normalizing conversations on mental health. #UsapTayo then partnered with #ThereIsHelp, a project initiated by Twitter to create safer spaces online through integration of suicide prevention measures. It was also recommended convening a multistakeholder consultation to develop a national mental health promotion and communication plan.

Key messages
Innovative platforms in social media like tweetchat can be leveraged to promote safer digital space for mental health and to strengthen online effort for suicide prevention especially among youth. It is important to maximize the use of social media platforms for mental health advocacy particularly suicide prevention given the Philippines’ high penetration rate and access to social media.