bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kajian Kinerja Alarm Unit Emergency di Ruang Balai Operasi Reaktor
Authors: Subiharto Subiharto , Kurniawan Nazly , Sukino Sukino 
Published: May 2020

Balai operasi reaktor RSG-GAS merupakan ruangan utama dimana terdapat kolam reaktor serta kolam penyimpanan bahan bakar bekas (sementara). Kegiatan pekerjaan dalam ruangan ini selalu ada, baik dalam keadaan reaktor sedang beroperasi maupun sedang tidak beroperasi, kegiatan tersebut antara lain: memasukkan sampel dan mengeluarkan berbagai macam target iradiasi pada kolam reaktor, kegiatan penanganan target (pemindahan, pembungkusan atau pengeluaran) pascairadiasi, kegiatan perawatan dan perbaikan komponen reaktor (fasilitas iradiasi, detektor neutron, refuelling bahan bakar), penanganan limbah radioaktif dan lain-lain. Untuk menjamin keselamatan operasi reaktor dan keselamatan pekerja radiasi terrhindari menerima paparan berlebih, maka Balai Operasi dilengkapi dengan 4 sistem proteksi radiasi berupa peralatan pemantau laju dosis gamma (UJA07 CR001/002/003/004) dan satu unit Alarm Emergency (AUE) yang terpasang di dekat pintu masuk Balai Operasi. Sejak reaktor mulai beroperasi pada tahun 1987 sistem AUE tersebut tidak pernah dilakukan uji fungsi, sedangkan sistem pemantau radiasi yang lain secara periodik enam bulan dan satu tahun selalu dilakukan pengujian. Hal ini dikarenakan sistem AUE tersebut tidak masuk dalam program perawatan dan perbaikan yang tertuang dalam Maintanance and Repair Manual (MRM). Hal tersebut kemudian menjadi temuan BAPETEN karena tidak dapat menunjukkan bukti bahwa AUE tersebut masih berfungsi. Permasalahan tersebut kemudian menjadi latar belakang perlunya dilakukan kajian uji fungsi terhadap AUE. Kajian dilakukan dengan menelusuri dokumen Spesification dan dokumen Turn Over Package (TOP). Dari hasil kajian dan penelusuran dokumen diperoleh data bahwa Sistem AUE dapat berfungsi apabila 2 dari 4 sistem pemantau laju dosis gamma yang berada di Balai Operasi menunjukkan nilai ≥ 1.104 mR/jam. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian dengan simulasi menggunakan sumber standard dengan hasil bahwa sistem AUE dapat beroperasi dan berfungsi dengan baik. Sebagai tindak lanjut akan dilakukan pengujian secara berkala setiap enam dan tahunan sesuai dengan schedule MRM yang ada di RSG-GAS Kata kunci : Kajian , alarm unit emergency, Reaktor, Balai Operasi, perawatan
PENGENDALIAN DAYA HEATER PADA FASILITAS EKSPERIMEN KANAL MENGGUNAKAN MEKANISME PWM BERBASIS LABVIEW
Authors: Sudarno Sudarno , Fauzia Nilna , Nadhifatul Ummah Alfu Alfin 
Published: May 2020

PENGENDALIAN DAYA HEATER PADA FASILITAS EKSPERIMEN KANAL MENGGUNAKAN MEKANISME PWM BERBASIS LABVIEW. Fasilitas Eksperimen Kanal (ExNal) merupakan fasilitas penelitian fenomena pada bahan bakar reaktor. Dalam pengoperasiannya, ExNal perlu dilengkapi dengan heater sebagai simulator kalor yang dihasilkan reaksi fisi bahan bakar nuklir. Untuk itu, perlu adanya suatu kontrol untuk mengendalikan daya heater sesuai kebutuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui kemampuan kontrol PWM terhadap daya heater dan mengetahui pada frekuensi berapa tegangan output heater bekerja sesuai duty cycle yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan perangkat lunak pengolah grafis LabVIEW. Analisis perhitungan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai duty cycle yang terbaca pada grafik waktu terhadap tegangan dan arus. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dari delapan frekuensi yang diuji dari 0,1 Hz hingga 5 Hz, daya rata-rata heater berbanding lurus dengan duty cycle yang diberikan. Namun demikian daya heater optimal akan diperoleh pada frekuensi di atas 1 Hz. Kata kunci : daya heater, duty cycle, eksperimen kanal, LabVIEW, PWM.
Cellular and molecular aspects of degenerative disc disease and potential strategies of biological therapy
Authors: Novikova A. V. , Pravdyuk N. G. , Shostak N. A. 
Published: May 2020

Back pain is one of the main global health problems with a high level of prevalence and patients’ disability. In most cases, it is associated with degenerative spine damage (degenerative disc disease), dorsopathy, discopathy (M51 and M53 according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision), affecting all levels of the intervertebral disc (IVD) (cytological, chemical and biochemical) as a whole as well as biological molecules that regulate homeostasis of the disc intercellular substance (growth factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzymes). A key point in IVD dehydration is that catabolic processes predominate over anabolic ones due to changed gene expression in the corresponding biologically active molecules, disc angiogenesis and neoinnervation of the structures of the fibrous ring and pulpous nucleus. The latter is responsible for chronic pain in patients.Cells supporting homeostasis in nucleus pulpous, chondrocytes, continuously synthesize and restore proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid in nucleus pulpous, restoring shock-absorbing functions of the vertebral-motor segment. Decreased activity and death of chondrocytes in the avascular disc structure is a serious problem for reparative medicine. In accordance with IVD molecular-cellular mechanisms, numerous approaches to treat degenerative disc disease are being developed, each of which, influencing one of the links in the pathogenesis, has a direct or indirect effect on IVD repair.The article describes morphology, pathogenesis and genetics of degenerative disc disease, as well as main modern strategies of biological therapy: tissue engineering, biologically active substances locally used in IVD matrix, including PRP therapy (Platelet Rich Plasma therapy), methods of gene (using the viral vector) and cell therapy, as well as experience in the local use of genetically engineered biological products. Most successful studies are a combination of cell and gene therapy with the use of synthesized matrices.
Exploring learning needs for general practice based pharmacist: Are behavioural and influencing skills needed?
Authors: Johnson Chris F. , Smith Jan , Harrison Heather , Hassett Richard 
Published: May 2020

Background: Embedding pharmacists in general practice has been shown to create cost efficiencies, improve patient care and free general practitioner capacity. Consequently, there is a drive to recruit additional pharmacists to work within general practices. However, equipping pharmacists with behaviour and influencing skills may further optimise their impact. Key elements which may enhance behaviour and influencing skills include self-efficacy and resilience.
Objective: This study aimed to: 1) Assess general practice pharmacists’ self-efficacy and resilience. 2) Explore differences primarily between pharmacists reporting lower and higher self-efficacy, secondarily for those reporting lower and higher scores for resilience.
Methods: All 159 NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde general practice pharmacists were invited to complete an online survey in May 2019. The survey captured anonymised data covering: demographics; professional experience; qualifications, prescribing status and preferred learning styles. Unconscious learning needs for behavioural and influencing skills were assessed using validated tools: the new general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and short general resilience scale (GRIT). Participants’ responses were differentiated by the lowest quartile and higher quartiles of GSES and GRIT scores, and analysed to identify differences.
Results: The survey was completed by 57% (91/159) of eligible pharmacists; mean age 38 (range 24-60) years; 91% were of white ethnicity and 89% female. The median time qualified was 14 (1-38) years and 3 (1-22) years working in general practices. Overall pharmacists scored well on the GSES, mean 25 (SD 3; 95%CI 24.4-25.6), and GRIT, mean 30 (SD 4; 95%CI 29.6-30.4), out of a maximum 32 and 40 respectively. A significant positive correlation between GSES and GRIT scores was found (Pearson’s r=0.284, p=0.006). However, no significant differences were identified between pharmacists scoring in the lower and upper quartiles by GSES or GRIT. Overall respondents reported their preferred learning styles were activists (46%) or pragmatists (29%). The majority (91%) preferred blended learning methods as opposed to 38% or less for a range of online methods.
Conclusions: General practice pharmacists on average scored highly for self-efficacy and resilience. Higher scores did not appear to be associated with demographic, years of practice, professional or educational experience. Prospective interventions to support those with lower scores may enhance and optimise pharmacists’ effectiveness in general practice.
PENERAPAN SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION (SVR) UNTUK PERAMALAN INFLASI BULANAN NASIONAL
Authors: Husnul Khatimi  , Muhammad Alkaff  , Dewi Rizqia Najipah  
Published: May 2020

Peramalan tingkat inflasi menjadi penting untuk bisa membantu pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan sebagai upaya menjaga stabilitas inflasi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Support Vector Regression (SVR) menggunakan input inflasi umum serta inflasi yang diukur dengan IHK yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan kelompok. Hasil model prediksi yang paling baik dari percobaan terhadap data inflasi menurut kelompok komoditi dengan menggunakan metode SVR (Support Vector Regression) yaitu model dengan kombinasi parameter C sebesar 0,37, epsilon (ε) sebesar 0,001 dan gamma (γ) sebesar 12,5365 dengan nilai RMSE terhadap data validasinya sebesar 0.0011, dan nilai RMSE terhadap data testingnya sebesar 0.0477 dengan nilai terhadap data validasinya sebesar 0.9999.
COMPARISON OF K-NN AND NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER FOR ASPHYXIA FACTOR
Authors: Finki Dona Marleny  , Mambang  
Published: May 2020

Asphyxia is influenced by several factors, including the factors affecting the Immediate Was maternal factors That relates Conditions mother Pregnancy and childbirth such as hypoxia mother, Asphyxia factor data can be modeled using the classification approach. this paper will be compared k-nearest neighbor algorithm and Naive Bayes classifier to classify asphyxia factor. Naive Bayes uses the concept of Bayes’ Theorem which assuming the independency between predictors. Basically, Bayes theorem is used to compute the subsequent probabilities. Analysis of the two algorithms has been done on several parameters such as Kappa statistics, classification error, precision, recall, F-measure and AUC. We achieved the best classification accuracy with KNN algorithm, 92,27%, for k=4. are lower than the rates achieved with Naïve Bayes 83,19%.
High Prevalence of Radiographic Outliers and Revisions with Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Kazarian Gregory S. , Barrack Toby N. , Okafor Louis , Barrack Robert L. , Nunley Ryan M. , Lawrie Charles M. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Alignment outcomes and their impact on implant survival following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the implant survival and radiographic outcomes after UKA as well as the impact of component alignment and overhang on implant survival.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective analysis of 253 primary fixed-bearing and mobile-bearing medial UKAs from a single academic center. All UKAs were performed by 2 high-volume fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons. UKAs comprised <10% of their knee arthroplasty practices, with an average of 14.2 medial UKAs per surgeon per year. Implant survival was assessed. Femoral coronal (FCA), femoral sagittal (FSA), tibial coronal (TCA), and tibial sagittal (TSA) angles as well as implant overhang were radiographically measured. Outliers were defined for FCA (>±10° deviation from neutral), FSA (>15° of flexion), TCA (>±5° deviation from neutral), and TSA (>±5° deviation from 7°). “Far outliers” were an additional >±2° of deviation. Outliers for overhang were identified as >3 mm for anterior overhang, >2 mm for posterior overhang, and >2 mm for medial overhang.

Results:
Among patients with a failed UKA, revision was performed at an average of 3.7 years (range, 0.03 to 8.7 years). The cumulative revision rate was 14.2%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated 5 and 10-year survival rates of 88.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 82.0% to 91.0%) and 70.0% (95% CI = 56.0% to 80.0%), respectively. Only 19.0% (48) of the UKAs met target alignment for all 4 alignment measures, and only 72.7% (184) met all 3 targets for overhang. Only 11.9% (30) fell within all alignment and overhang targets. The risk of implant failure was significantly impacted by outliers for FCA (failure rate = 15.4%, p = 0.036), FSA (16.2%, p = 0.028), TCA (17.9%, p = 0.020), and TSA (15.2%, p = 0.034) compared with implants with no alignment or overhang errors (0%); this was also true for far outliers (p < 0.05). Other risk factors for failure were posterior overhang (failure rate = 25.0%, p = 0.006) and medial overhang (38.2%, p < 0.001); anterior overhang was not a significant risk factor (10.0%, p = 0.090).

Conclusions:
The proportions of UKA revisions and alignment outliers were greater than expected, even among high-volume arthroplasty surgeons performing an average of 14.2 UKAs per year (just below the high-volume UKA threshold of 15). Alignment and overhang outliers were significant risk factors for implant failure.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Targeted Muscle Reinnervation at the Time of Major Limb Amputation in Traumatic Amputees
Authors: Frantz Travis L. , Everhart Joshua S. , West Julie M. , Ly Thuan V. , Phieffer Laura S. , Valerio Ian L. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Orthopaedic trauma etiologies are a common cause for amputation. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a technique aimed at reducing or preventing pain and improving function. The purpose of this study was to examine postoperative phantom limb pain and residual limb pain following TMR in orthopaedic trauma amputees. In addition, postoperative rates of opioid and neuromodulator medication use were evaluated.

Methods:
Twenty-five patients (60% male) prospectively enrolled in a single-institution study and underwent TMR at the time of major limb amputation (48% nonmilitary trauma, 32% infection secondary to previous nonmilitary trauma, and 20% other, also secondary to trauma). Phantom limb pain and residual limb pain scores, pain temporality, prosthetic use, and unemployment status were assessed at the time of follow-up. The use of opioid and neuromodulator medications both preoperatively and postoperatively was also examined.

Results:
At a mean follow-up of 14.1 months, phantom limb pain and residual limb pain scores were low, with 92% of the patients reporting no pain or brief intermittent pain only. Pain scores were higher overall for male patients compared with female patients (p < 0.05) except for 1 subscore, and higher in patients who underwent amputation for infection (odds ratio, 9.75; p = 0.01). Sixteen percent of the patients reported opioid medication use at the time of the latest documented follow-up. Fifty percent of the patients who were taking opioids preoperatively discontinued use postoperatively, while 100% of the patients who were not taking opioids preoperatively discontinued postoperative use. None of the patients who were taking neuromodulator medication preoperatively discontinued use postoperatively (0 of 5). The median time to neuromodulator medication discontinuation was 14.6 months, with female patients taking longer than male patients (23 compared with 7 months; p = 0.02). At the time of the latest follow-up, the rate of reported prosthetic use was 85% for lower-extremity and 40% for upper-extremity amputees, with a rate of unemployment due to disability of 36%.

Conclusions:
The use of TMR in orthopaedic trauma amputees was associated with low overall pain scores at 2-year follow-up, decreased overall opioid and neuromodulator medication use, and an overall high rate of daily prosthetic use.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Barriers to Increasing Diversity in Orthopaedics
Authors: McDonald Tyler C. , Drake Luke C. , Replogle William H. , Graves Matthew L. , Brooks Jaysson T. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
There are little data to explain why the surgical subspecialty of orthopaedic surgery struggles with improving the racial/ethnic composition of its workforce. The current work sought to determine what orthopaedic residency program directors and coordinators believe are the barriers to improving diversity at their own programs.

Methods:
Between November 17, 2018, and April 1, 2019, a 17-question survey was electronically distributed to the program directors and coordinators of 155 allopathic orthopaedic surgery residency programs. Seventy-five of 155 programs (48.4%) responded to the survey. A p-value of < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.

Results:
The most commonly stated barriers to increasing diversity within the orthopaedic surgery programs were the following: “We do not have enough minority faculty, which may deter the applicants” (69.3%), “We consistently rank minority applicants high but can never seem to match them” (56%), and “Not enough minorities are applying to our program” (54.7%). Programs with higher percentages of underrepresented minority (URM) faculty had higher percentages of URM residents (p = 0.001). Programs participating in the Nth Dimensions and/or Perry Initiative programs had a higher percentage of URM faculty as compared to the residency programs that did not participate in these programs (p = 0.004). URM residents represented 17.5% of all residents who resigned and/or were dismissed in the 10 years preceding the survey while also only representing 6% of all orthopaedic residents during the same time period.

Conclusions:
From the orthopaedic residency program perspective, the greatest perceived barrier to increasing the racial/ethnic diversity of residents in their program is their lack of URM faculty. Surveyed programs with more URM faculty had more URM residents, and programs participating in Nth Dimensions and/or Perry Initiative programs had a higher percentage of URM faculty.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NATRIUM BENZOAT DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP MUTU MINUMAN SARI NANAS (Ananas comosus L.)
Authors: Nurman Salfauqi , Muhajir NFN , Muhardina Virna 
Published: May 2020

<p>Sari buah nanas merupakan salah satu olahan buah nanas yang bertujuan untuk memperpanjang masa simpan nanas serta meningkatkan daya guna, ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi mutu minuman sari nanas diantaranya penambahan natrium benzoat dan lama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua variabel penambahan natrium benzoate (N) 0,00%, 0,02%, 0,004% dan 0,06% dan lama penyimpanan (P) 10 hari, 20 hari dan 30 hari. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa konsentrasi natrium benzoate (N) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤ 0,01) terhadap pH, uji organoleptik (warna, aroma dan rasa), total asam, total padatan terlarut dan total mikroba. Lama penyimpanan (P) berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤ 0,01) terhadap pH, uji organoleptik (warna, aroma dan rasa), total asam, total padatan terlarut dan total mikroba. Interaksi antara penambahan natrium benzoate dan lama penyimpanan (NP) berpengaruh nyata (P≤ 0,01) terhadap pH, uji organoleptik (warna, aroma dan rasa), total asam, total padatan terlarut dan total mikroba. Perlakuan terbaik dari hasil penelitian ini adalah penambahan natrium benzoat 0,06% dan lama penyimpanan 10 hari (N4P1) dengan pH 3,59, uji organoleptik warna 3,16 (cukup suka), aroma 3,86 (suka), rasa 3,66 (cukup suka), total asam 0,36%, total padatan terlarut 21,87% dan total mikroba 3,4x103 koloni/mL.</p><p> </p><p><strong>The Influence of Sodium Benzoic Concentration and Long Storage Quality Cider to Drink Pineapple <em>(Ananas Comosus L)</em></strong></p><p>Pineapple juice is one of the pineapple fruit processing which aims to prolong the pineapple storage time and improve the usability, there are several factors that affect the quality of pineapple juice such as the addition of sodium benzoate and storage time. This research uses two variable of sodium benzoate (N) addition of 0.00%, 0.02%, 0.004% and 0.06% and storage time (P) 10 days, 20 days and 30 days. The results of this research showed that the concentration of sodium benzoate (N) had significant effect (P≤ 0.01) on pH, organoleptic test (color, flavor and taste), total acid, total dissolved solid and total microbial. The storage time (P) had a very significant effect (P≤ 0.01) on the pH, organoleptic test (color, flavor and taste), total acid, total dissolved solids and total microbial. The interaction between the addition of sodium benzoate and storage time (NP) had significant effect (P≤ 0.01) to pH, organoleptic test (total color, flavor and taste), total acid, total dissolved solid and total microbial. The best treatment of the results of this study was the addition of 0.06% sodium benzoate and 10 days of storage time (N4P1) with pH 3.59, color 3.16 (quite like), flavor 3.86 (like), taste 3.66 (quite like), total acid 0.36%, total dissolved solids 21.87% and total microbial 3.4x103 colonies/mL.</p><p><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p>
PRODUKSI ENZIM SELULASE OLEH AKTINOMISET MENGGUNAKAN FROND SAGU
Authors: Nompo Sumarni , Meryandini Anja , Sunarti Titi Candra 
Published: May 2020

<p>Fround Sagu adalah pucuk batang sagu yang masih dibungkus oleh pelepah dan tidak diamnfaatkan oleh industri pengolahan sagu. Fround sagu memiliki kandungan serat dengan kandungan selulosa yang tinggi serta berpotensi dijadikan bahan baku untuk produksi selulase. Enzim selulase diproduksi melalui kultivasi substrat cair frond sagu oleh Aktinomiset. Subtart berupa tepung sagu dan ampas frond sagu, diinokulasi oleh isolat HJ4 (3b) dan HJ5 (4b). Kedua isolat diremajakan dalam medium ISP-4 selama 5 hari, kemudian diinokulasikan ke dalam media tepung frond sagu dan ampas frond dan diinkubasi dalam shaker pada suhu runag selama 9 hari. Kedua isolat Aktinomiset mampu menghasilkan enzim selulase pada kedua substrat dan metode kultivasi. Isolat HJ4 (3b) dan HJ4 (5b) pada perlakuan kultivasi substrat padat ampas frond sagu menghasilkan aktivitas spesifik yaitu endoglukase (CMCase) tertinggi yaitu 0.314 U mg-1 dan 0.294 U mg-1 dan aktivitas spesifik enzim eksoglukanase (FPase) yaitu 0.269 U mg-1 dan 0.258 U mg-1, sedangkan pada perlakuan kultivasi substat padat menggunakan tepung frond sagu dihasilkan aktivitas spesifik endoglukanase masing-masing sebesar 0.258 U mg-1 dan 0.254 U mg-1 serta aktivitas spesifik eksoglukanase 0.205 U mg-1 dan 0.198 U mg-1.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Production of Cellulase Enzyme by Actinomycet Using Sago Frond</strong></p><p>Sago frond is the upper part of sago trunk which is still wrapped by leaflet, and is not used by the sago processing industry. Sago frond contains fiber with high cellulose content that could potentially be used by as raw material for cellulase production. Cellulase enzymes were produced through both solid-state and submerged cultivation of sago frond by Actinomicycetes. Two substrates, sago frond flour and pulp of sago fronds, were inoculated by isolate HJ4 (3b) and HJ4 (5b). Both isolates were rejuvenated in Sp-4 medium for 5 days, then were inoculated into substrate of frond flour and hampas, and were incubated in a shaker at room temperature for 9 days. Both Actinomycetes isolates were able to produce cellulase enzymes by using both substrates and cultivation methods. The isolates of HJ4 (3b) and HJ4 (5b) by using pulp and solid-state cultivation produced the highest endoglucanase (CMCase) specific activity of 0.294 U mg-1 and 0.276 U mg-1 and exoglucanase (FPase) substrate specific activity os 0.252 U mg-1 and 0.241 U mg-1, while in the solid-state cultivation and by using sago fronds flour resulted in specific endoglucanase activities which were 0.242 U mg-1 and 0.238 U mg-1 and exoglucanase specific activities 0.192 U mg-1 and 0.185 U mg-1, respectively.</p>