bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonwoven rGO Fiber‐Aramid Separator for High‐Speed Charging and Discharging of Li Metal Anode
Authors: Gong Yong Jun , Heo Jung Woon , Lee Hakji , Kim Hyunjin , Cho Jinil , Pyo Seonmi , Yun Heejun , Kim Heebae , Park Sang Yoon , Yoo Jeeyoung , Kim Youn Sang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLi metal, which has a high theoretical specific capacity and low redox potential, is considered to the most promising anode material for next‐generation Li ion‐based batteries. However, it also exhibits a disadvantageous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer problem that needs to be resolved. Herein, an advanced separator composed of reduced graphene oxide fiber attached to aramid paper (rGOF‐A) is introduced. When rGOF‐A is applied, F− anions, generated from the decomposition of the LiPF6 electrolyte during the SEI layer formation process form semi‐ionic CF bonds along the surface of rGOF. As Li+ ions are plated, the “F‐doped” rGO surface induces the formation of LiF, which is known as a component of a chemically stable SEI, therefore it helps the Li metal anode to operate stably at a high current of 20 mA cm−2 with a high capacity of 20 mAh cm−2. The proposed rGOF‐A separator successfully achieves a stable SEI layer that could resolve the interfacial issues of the Li metal anode.
Soil test potassium changes over time following fall potassium application in three western Kentucky soils
Authors: Keeney Andrea B. , Ritchey Edwin L. , Bailey William A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractField experiments were conducted under bare‐ground conditions to investigate changes in soil test K levels over 2 yr following fall K applications to Crider, Zanesville, and Grenada soils in western Kentucky. Additional laboratory studies investigated particle size and clay mineralogy of these soils. In field experiments, highest soil test K in the Crider and Zanesville soils occurred 12–15 mo after fall K application. However, seasonal fluctuations in soil test K occurred in all three soils, likely due to fluctuations in precipitation prior to sampling. The Crider and Zanesville soils showed a much more substantial drop in soil test K at 9 and 21 mo after December K application than did the Grenada soil. The 9‐ and 21‐mo samplings were both preceded by 1–2 mo of dry conditions where precipitation was well below the 30‐yr average at the Crider and Zanesville sites. Particle size analysis showed that the Crider and Zanesville soils had a higher clay content than the Grenada soil. Soils with higher amounts of clay particles such as vermiculite have greater potential to trap K during dry periods, making soil test K levels lower than they might be under better soil moisture conditions. Over the course of these experiments, the Crider soil appeared to be more responsive to fall K application than the other soils, showing the greatest increase in soil test K by the following spring. This research illustrates the seasonal fluctuations in soil test K levels that occur naturally in these soils and how precipitation and clay content may influence these fluctuations.
Sand‐capping depth and subsoil influences on ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass response to irrigation frequency and drought
Authors: Dyer Don W. , Wherley Benjamin G. , McInnes Kevin J. , Thomas James C. , Hejl Reagan , Reynolds William C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGolf courses and sports fields with turfgrass surfaces have been moving toward sand‐based root zone construction to enhance playability. Sand‐capped systems are ideally suited for situations where poor water quality and/or clayey soils necessitate rapid drainage and the need to flush salts. This study evaluated sand‐capping depth and subsoil texture on dynamics and availability of water as well as subsequent turf canopy and rooting characteristics. Objectives of this study were (a) to assess season‐long turf performance and root distribution of ‘Tifway’ hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis Burt. Davy) turf established on various sand‐cap depths (0–5 cm topdressed over 2 yr or 5, 10, or 20 cm) atop two subsoils (fine sandy loam or clay loam) and (b) to determine how sand‐capping × subsoil combinations influence required irrigation frequency (1 vs. 2 d wk−1 at 0.6 × reference evapotranspiration) and soil moisture dynamics. Irrigation frequency had minimal effect on percent green cover during the entire study period. Root mass detected within the underlying 30‐cm subsoil was inversely proportional to sand‐cap depth. Turf performance during the study was primarily affected by capping depth and subsoil, suggesting that playing surfaces can be negatively affected if the wrong capping depth is chosen in the construction of sand‐capped turfgrass systems.
Characteristics of high‐impact agronomic journals
Authors: Zhang Yajie , Yu Qiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAgronomy journals form a core part of the process of scholarly communication and scientific research in the agronomic field. Determining the key features of high‐impact agronomic journals will be a central component for identifying the disciplinary development in the field of agronomy. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric study to fill this knowledge gap based on 64,703 articles published in 18 main agronomy journals since 1948 derived from the Scopus database. Our main findings were that (a) over 20% of publications in Advances in Agronomy and Agricultural and Forest Meteorology received more than 50 citations; (b) authors from the United States, China, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Australia published the most articles in these journals, comprising 22.4, 11.5, 10.7, 8.7, and 8.0% of the total number of publications, respectively; and (c) journals published in a given country had a greater number of papers published by authors of that country than by authors of other countries. Furthermore, three clusters for these 18 journals were identified that included the topics of agronomy, interactions between agronomy and soil sciences, and interactions between agronomy and plant sciences. The results of this study provide valuable insights regarding the current state of and future development trends in agronomic journals.
Trait‐based signatures of cloud base height in a tropical cloud forest
Authors: Hulshof Catherine M. , Waring Bonnie G. , Powers Jennifer S. , Harrison Susan P. 
Published: June 2020

PremiseClouds have profound consequences for ecosystem structure and function. Yet, the direct monitoring of clouds and their effects on biota is challenging especially in remote and topographically complex tropical cloud forests. We argue that known relationships between climate and the taxonomic and functional composition of plant communities may provide a fingerprint of cloud base height, thus providing a rapid and cost‐effective assessment in remote tropical cloud forests.MethodsTo detect cloud base height, we compared species turnover and functional trait values among herbaceous and woody plant communities in an ecosystem dominated by cloud formation. We measured soil and air temperature, soil nutrient concentrations, and extracellular enzyme activity. We hypothesized that woody and herbaceous plants would provide signatures of cloud base height, as evidenced by abrupt shifts in both taxonomic composition and plant function.ResultsWe demonstrated abrupt changes in taxonomic composition and the community‐ weighted mean of a key functional trait, specific leaf area, across elevation for both woody and herbaceous species, consistent with our predictions. However, abrupt taxonomic and functional changes occurred 100 m higher in elevation for herbaceous plants compared to woody ones. Soil temperature abruptly decreased where herbaceous taxonomic and functional turnover was high. Other environmental variables including soil biogeochemistry did not explain the abrupt change observed for woody plant communities.ConclusionsWe provide evidence that a trait‐based approach can be used to estimate cloud base height. We outline how rises in cloud base height and differential environmental requirements between growth forms can be distinguished using this approach.
Topological and Nontopological Edge States Induced by Qubit‐Assisted Coupling Potentials
Authors: Qi Lu , Xing Yan , Wang Guo‐Li , Liu Shutian , Zhang Shou , Wang Hong‐Fu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the usual Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chain, the topology of the energy spectrum is divided into two categories in different parameter regions. Here, the topological and nontopological edge states induced by qubit‐assisted coupling potentials in circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) lattice modeled as a SSH chain are studied. It is found that, when the coupling potential added on only one end of the system raises to a certain extent, the strong coupling potential will induce a new topologically nontrivial phase accompanied by the appearance of a nontopological edge state, and the novel phase transition leads to the inversion of odd–even effect directly. Furthermore, the topological phase transitions when two unbalanced coupling potentials are injected into both ends of the circuit QED lattice are studied, and it is found that the system exhibits three distinguishing phases with multiple flips of energy bands. These phases are significantly different from the previous phase induced via unilateral coupling potential due to the existence of a pair of nontopological edge states. The scheme provides a feasible and visible method to induce different topological and nontopological edge states through controlling the qubit‐assisted coupling potentials in circuit QED lattice both in experiment and theory.
Gravitational Waves and Helicity in Undoped Graphene
Authors: Sorge Francesco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe behavior of a monolayer undoped graphene sheet in presence of a weak gravitational wave is discussed. In the low‐energy limit, the linear dispersion of the energy levels near the Dirac points can be ascribed to massless excitations obeying a Dirac equation in a 2+1D spacetime. Starting from a 2+1 dimensional (2+1D) Lagrangian, the equations of motion for the electron (hole) wavefunction in the graphene sheet are deduced and solved. The Bogolubov coefficients are then obtained and the gravitationally induced amplitude of the electron–hole pair excitations is evaluated. The typical quadrupolar distribution of the pair creation probability appears rotated by a angle in the plane of the graphene sheet, when compared to the case of a confined 2+1D massless scalar field in the same gravitational background. Such behavior can be understood taking into account the role of helicity in graphene during the interaction with the gravitational wave. Although very small, the effect offers an interesting example of interaction at nanoscale between a non‐trivial quantum system and a time‐dependent gravitational background. The strong analogy between the quantum theoretical description of the graphene physics and the standard quantum field theory can also suggest a similar analysis in different physical contexts.
All‐Optical Modulation of Microcavity Emission by Parity‐Time Symmetry
Authors: Gu Zhiyuan , Zhang Qiang , Song Qinghai , Xiao Shumin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntegration of microcavity‐based coherent light sources and waveguides is of central importance for building optical networks and photonic circuits. However, such combined devices face severe challenges in distributing the generated signals to designed ends despite that the significant advances are accomplished in emission modulation and controlling. Herein, dynamically all‐optical control of the outputs from the microcavity by employing parity‐time (PT) symmetry is demonstrated. By exploiting the interplay between gain and loss in a waveguide‐connected microsquare cavity, the mode field distributions can be strongly modified when the non‐Hermitian system enters PT‐symmetry breaking phase. Numerical calculations and the corresponding Husimi projections unambiguously show the PT‐symmetry‐induced mode localization and output redistributions in microsquare cavity. Notably, the intensity ratios of the lights collected by the two channels can be directly tuned over two orders of magnitude with the increase of pumping strength. These findings will be essential for understanding the fundamentals of non‐Hermitian optics and advancing the application potentials of microcavity system in integrated photonics.
Conformational Panorama and Chirality Controlled Structure–Energy Relationship in a Chiral Carboxylic Acid Dimer
Authors: Xie Fan , Seifert Nathan A. , Jäger Wolfgang , Xu Yunjie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChirality recognition in dimers of tetrahydro‐2‐furoic acid (THFA) was studied in a conformer‐specific manner using rotational spectroscopy and theoretical approaches. THFA shows a strong preference for thetrans‐ over thecis‐COOH configuration. Two drastically different scenarios are possible for the detectable (THFA)2: a kinetically preferred dimer bound by feeble interactions between twotransTHFAs or a thermodynamically favored dimer with a double hydrogen‐bonded ring structure between twocissubunits. To identify the conformers responsible for the extremely dense rotational spectra observed, it was essential not only to locate several hundred homo/heterochiral (THFA)2minima in ab initio calculations but also to evaluate the energetic connectivities among the minima. The study further reveals an interesting chirality dependent structure–energy ordering relationship. A method for enantiomeric excess (ee) determination of THFA is presented using a recently proposed chiral self‐tag approach.
Visible‐Light Cascade Photooxygenation of Tetrahydrocarbazoles and Cyclohepta[b]indoles: Access to C,N‐Diacyliminium Ions
Authors: Frahm Mario , von Drathen Thorsten , Gronbach Lisa Marie , Voss Alice , Lorenz Felix , Bresien Jonas , Villinger Alexander , Hoffmann Frank , Brasholz Malte 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTetrahydrocarbazoles and perhydrocyclohepta[b]indoles undergo a catalytic cascade singlet oxygenation in alkaline medium, which leads to chiral tricyclic perhydropyrido‐ and perhydroazepino[1,2‐a]indoles in a single operation. These photooxygenation products are new synthetic equivalents of uncommon C,N‐diacyliminium ions and can be functionalized with the aid of phosphoric acid organocatalysis.
Wide‐Range Color‐Tunable Organic Phosphorescence Materials for Printable and Writable Security Inks
Authors: Lei Yunxiang , Dai Wenbo , Guan Jianxin , Guo Shuai , Ren Fei , Zhou Yudai , Shi Jianbing , Tong Bin , Cai Zhengxu , Zheng Junrong , Dong Yuping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOrganic materials with long‐lived, color‐tunable phosphorescence are potentially useful for optical recording, anti‐counterfeiting, and bioimaging. Herein, we develop a series of novel host–guest organic phosphors allowing dynamic color tuning from the cyan (502 nm) to orange red (608 nm). Guest materials are employed to tune the phosphorescent color, while the host materials interact with the guest to activate the phosphorescence emission. These organic phosphors have an ultra‐long lifetime of 0.7 s and a maximum phosphorescence efficiency of 18.2 %. Although color‐tunable inks have already been developed using visible dyes, solution‐processed security inks that are temperature dependent and display time‐resolved printed images are unprecedented. This strategy can provide a crucial step towards the next‐generation of security technologies for information handling.
Electroenzymatic Nitrogen Fixation Using a MoFe Protein System Immobilized in an Organic Redox Polymer
Authors: Lee Yoo Seok , Ruff Adrian , Cai Rong , Lim Koun , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Minteer Shelley D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report an organic redox‐polymer‐based electroenzymatic nitrogen fixation system using a metal‐free redox polymer, namely neutral‐red‐modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐methylmethacrylate‐co‐poly(ethyleneglycol)methacrylate) with a low redox potential of −0.58 V vs. SCE. The stable and efficient electric wiring of nitrogenase within the redox polymer matrix enables mediated bioelectrocatalysis of N3−, NO2− and N2 to NH3 catalyzed by the MoFe protein via the polymer‐bound redox moieties distributed in the polymer matrix in the absence of the Fe protein. Bulk bioelectrosynthetic experiments produced 209±30 nmol NH3 nmol MoFe−1 h−1 from N2 reduction. 15N2 labeling experiments and NMR analysis were performed to confirm biosynthetic N2 reduction to NH3.
Using social media as a cost‐effective resource in the photo‐identification of a coastal bottlenose dolphin community
Authors: Gibson Catherine Elizabeth , Williams David , Dunlop Rebecca , Beck Suzanne 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Bottlenose dolphins encountered around the Irish coast are considered part of a wide‐ranging coastal community; however, knowledge on the significance of the north of Ireland for this species is limited by a lack of dedicated effort.
Through social media, the opportunity now exists to gather large volumes of citizen science data in the form of high‐quality images, potentially extending the spatial and temporal scope of photo‐identification studies.
The purpose of this study was to investigate social media as a data resource for photo‐identification studies and to provide a preliminary assessment of bottlenose dolphins in the north of Ireland. Specifically, the study sought to examine the photo‐identification data for spatial clustering.
The study identified 54 well‐marked individuals and provided evidence of potential year‐round occurrence, with successful re‐sightings throughout the study period (2007–2016). There was a geographic concentration of re‐sightings along the north of Ireland, suggestive of interannual site fidelity. These results provide scientific rationale for strategically targeting the north of Ireland in future research on the Irish coastal community.
For effective conservation of the bottlenose dolphin it is imperative that scientific research, and resultant management objectives, consider wide‐ranging communities such as the Irish coastal community. Our research highlights data collection via social media as a cost‐effective and scientifically valuable tool in the photo‐identification of coastal cetaceans. We recommend that this method is used in research on low‐density and wide‐ranging coastal cetaceans.
Transition Metal‐Catalysed Direct C−H Bond Functionalizations of 2‐Pyridone Beyond C3‐Selectivity
Authors: Biswas Aniruddha , Maity Saurabh , Pan Subarna , Samanta Rajarshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract2‐Pyridone is a ubiquitous motif in natural products, drug molecules, ligands in catalysis and organic materials. There is a necessity of direct step‐economic methods for the construction of 2‐pyridone based molecules. Strategically, the primary developments have led to the C3‐functionalizations due to the inherent reactivity of this center. Despite this, many elegant transition metal‐catalysed methods have been established to introduce versatile functional groups at the C4, C5 and C6‐position via direct C−H bond functionalizations. This minireview focuses on the categorized introduction of different functional groups at the 2‐pyridone scaffolds beyond C3‐selectivity and discusses substrate scope, limitations and plausible mechanistic details.
Sensitization of natural rhyolite rock using high gamma doses for thermoluminescence dosimetry
Authors: Aloraini D. A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current study presents rhyolite as a novel and promising natural thermoluminescence emission (TL) material. The work focused on enhancing the TL sensitivity of rhyolite via optimization of the processing conditions: annealing and pre‐dose effect. The glow curves of irradiated rhyolite sample showed a single peak of about 110°C at 5°C sec–1 heating rate. Sensitization was performed following Fleming’s sensitization technique. It was found that applying 1 kGy pre‐dose irradiation, followed by thermal activation at 550°C for 1 h, and cooling in air at room temperature were the optimum conditions for TL sensitivity improvement of this 110°C glow peak. Both nonsensitized and sensitized rhyolite have linear behaviour in the range 5–1500 Gy. The obtained results present rhyolite as a material for potential dosimetry applications.
Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Methanolic Extracts from Rumex algeriensis and Rumex tunetanus
Authors: Abidi Jouda , Occhiuto Cristina , Cimino Francesco , Speciale Antonio , Ruberto Giuseppe , Siracusa Laura , Bouaziz Mohamed , Boumendjel Mahieddine , Muscarà Claudia , Saija Antonina , Cristani Mariateresa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study is aimed at the evaluation of the phytochemical profile and the biochemical properties of methanolic extracts obtained from different parts of Rumex algeriensis and Rumex tunetanus, two relict species limited to the North Africa. Phytochemical analyses of these extracts were performed using standard colorimetric procedures, HPLC‐DAD, and HPLC‐DAD‐ESI/MS, and their antioxidant/free radical scavenging capability was estimated through several in vitro cell‐free assays. Moreover, the anti‐inflammatory potential of these extracts was demonstrated in an in vitro model of acute intestinal inflammation using differentiated Caco‐2 cells. The results showed that all the extracts appeared endowed with excellent antioxidant/free radical scavenging properties. In particular, the extracts from both R. algeriensis and R. tunetanus flowers, and that from R. algeriensis stems were characterized by a remarkable SOD‐like and NO‐scavenging activity, as well as by the capability to protect albumin against HClO‐induced degradation. Furthermore, the extracts from flowers of both Rumex species, as well as R. algeriensis stems, showed an anti‐inflammatory effect in intestinal epithelial cells, as demonstrated by the inhibition of TNF‐α‐induced gene expression of IL‐6 and IL‐8. In conclusion, R. algeriensis and R. tunetanus have shown to be potential sources of bioactive products to be used in the prevention and treatment of pathologies related to oxidative stress and inflammation.
Fluorophosphonate‐Based Degrader Identifies Degradable Serine Hydrolases by Quantitative Proteomics
Authors: Field S. Denise , Lee Wankyu , Dutra Jason K. , Serneo Finley Scott F. , Oyer Jon , Xu Hua , Johnson Douglas S. , am Ende Christopher W. , Seneviratne Uthpala 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNovel chemical biology probes linking a serine hydrolase‐directed fluorophosphonate warhead and cereblon‐binding pomalidomide were assessed for the degradation of serine hydrolases. A quantitative proteomics approach to detect degraded proteins revealed that, despite the engagement of ∼40 serine hydrolases, degradation was achieved for only a single serine hydrolase, lysophospholipase II (LYPLA2).