bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Utility of Diffusion-Weighted MRI Lesions to Compare the Effects of Different Heparinization Schemes in Intracranial Aneurysms Treated by Endovascular Intervention
Authors: Zhang Linfeng , Zhou Xiaobing , Liu Yong , Ding Cong , Wang Yang , Yang Hongchao 
Published: December 2020

Objective: Heparinization is applied to prevent ischemic complications in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, but there is no unified heparinization scheme. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can be used to evaluate ischemia after endovascular therapy for intracranial aneurysms. The goal of this study is to apply DWI to evaluate the effects of different heparinization schemes on intracranial aneurysms treated with endovascular therapy.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 141 patients with 149 aneurysms treated with endovascular interventions from July 2019 to April 2020 at our center, including 96 aneurysms treated with local heparinization and 53 aneurysms treated with systemic heparinization. We collected the basic information of the patients, including age, sex, comorbidities, and aneurysm characteristics, and associated treatment data. New ischemic lesions detected by DWI were categorized belonging to four types. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compare the effects of different heparinization schemes on intracranial aneurysms treated with endovascular therapy.Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and aneurysm size or location between the two groups. The incidence and distribution types of DWI abnormalities in the local heparinization groups and systemic heparinization groups were not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). There was a correlation between the laser engraving stent and postoperative DWI abnormalities (P &lt; 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the laser engraving stent was significantly correlated with postoperative DWI abnormalities (odds ratio, 4.71; 95% CI: 1.51–14.58; P = 0.007).Conclusion: Compared with systemic heparinization, local heparinization does not increase the incidence of DWI abnormalities after endovascular treatment, and its application in this group of patients is safe and effective.
Antipsychotic Effects on Cortical Morphology in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Feng Ruiqi , Womer Fay Y. , Edmiston E. Kale , Chen Yifan , Wang Yinshan , Chang Miao , Yin Zhiyang , Wei Yange , Duan Jia , Ren Sihua , Li Chao , Liu Zhuang , Jiang Xiaowei , Wei Shengnan , Li Songbai , Zhang Xizhe , Zuo Xi-Nian , Tang Yanqing , Wang Fei 
Published: December 2020

Background: Previous studies of atypical antipsychotic effects on cortical structures in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) have findings that vary between the short and long term. In particular, there has not been a study exploring the effects of atypical antipsychotics on age-related cortical structural changes in SZ and BD. This study aimed to determine whether mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment (mean duration = 20 months) is associated with cortical structural changes and whether age-related cortical structural changes are affected by atypical antipsychotics.Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging images were obtained from 445 participants consisting of 88 medicated patients (67 with SZ, 21 with BD), 84 unmedicated patients (50 with SZ, 34 with BD), and 273 healthy controls (HC). Surface-based analyses were employed to detect differences in thickness and area among the three groups. We examined the age-related effects of atypical antipsychotics after excluding the potential effects of illness duration.Results: Significant differences in cortical thickness were observed in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and insular areas and the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus. The medicated group showed greater cortical thinning in these regions than the unmediated group and HC; furthermore, there were age-related differences in the effects of atypical antipsychotics, and these effects did not relate to illness duration. Moreover, cortical thinning was significantly correlated with lower symptom scores and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) deficits in patients. After false discovery rate correction, cortical thinning in the right middle temporal gyrus in patients was significantly positively correlated with lower HAMD scores. The unmedicated group showed only greater frontotemporal thickness than the HC group.Conclusion: Mid- to long-term atypical antipsychotic use may adversely affect cortical thickness over the course of treatment and ageing and may also result in worsening cognitive function.
Disrupted Amygdala Connectivity Is Associated With Elevated Anxiety in Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Tang Tian-Yu , Luan Ying , Jiao Yun , Zhang Jian , Ju Sheng-Hong , Teng Gao-Jun 
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose: Hearing loss is associated with rising risks of emotional impairments, suggesting emotional processing networks might be involved in the neural plasticity after hearing loss. This study was conducted to explore how functional connectivity of the amygdala reconfigures in the auditory deprived brain and better understand the neural mechanisms underlying hearing loss-related emotional disturbances.Methods: In total, 38 chronic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) patients and 37 healthy controls were recruited for multimodal magnetic resonance imaging scanning and neuropsychological assessments. Voxel-wise functional connectivity (FC) maps of both the left and right amygdala were conducted and compared between the SNHL patients and healthy controls. The uncinate fasciculus (UF), an association fiber pathway, was reconstructed in both groups. The track number, mean track length, fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusion values of the left and right UF were further quantified, respectively. Besides, Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between the functional/structural abnormalities and the negative emotional states in SNHL patients.Results: The SNHL patients presented higher depressive and anxious levels compared to the healthy controls. Decreased FCs were detected between the amygdala and the auditory cortex, striatum, multimodal processing areas, and frontoparietal control areas in the SNHL patients. The amygdala was found to be structurally connected with several FC decreased regions through the UF. Moreover, the hypo-synchronization and the white matter impairment were both found to be associated with patients' elevated anxious status.Conclusions: These functional and structural findings depicted the reconfiguration of the amygdala in SNHL, which provided a new perspective toward the functional circuit mechanisms targeting the emotional impairments related to hearing loss.
Oligomer β-amyloid Induces Hyperactivation of Ras to Impede NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation in Hippocampal CA1 of Mice
Authors: Wang Ya , Shi Zhaochun , Zhang Yajie , Yan Jun , Yu Wenfeng , Chen Ling 
Published: December 2020

The activity of Ras, a small GTPase protein, is increased in brains with Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of oligomeric Aβ1-42 on the activation of Ras, and the involvement of the Ras hyperactivity in Aβ1-42-induced deficits in spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Herein, we show that intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42 in mice (Aβ-mice) enhanced hippocampal Ras activation and expression, while 60 min incubation of hippocampal slices in Aβ1-42 (Aβ-slices) only elevated Ras activity. Aβ-mice showed deficits in spatial cognition and NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal CA1, but basal synaptic transmission was enhanced. The above effects of Aβ1-42 were corrected by the Ras inhibitor farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS). ERK2 phosphorylation increased, and Src phosphorylation decreased in Aβ-mice and Aβ1-42-slices. Both were corrected by FTS. In CA1 pyramidal cells of Aβ1-42-slices, the response of AMPA receptor and phosphorylation of GluR1 were enhanced with dependence on Ras activation rather than ERK signaling. In contrast, NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function and GluN2A/2B phosphorylation were downregulated in Aβ1-42-slices, which was recovered by application of FTS or the Src activator ouabain, and mimicked in control slices treated with the Src inhibitor PP2. The administration of PP2 impaired the spatial cognition and LTP induction in control mice and FTS-treated Aβ-mice. The treatment of Aβ-mice with ouabain rescued Aβ-impaired spatial cognition and LTP. Overall, the results indicate that the oligomeric Aβ1-42 hyperactivates Ras and thereby causes the downregulation of Src which impedes NMDAR-dependent LTP induction resulting in cognitive deficits.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among the General Population During COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran: A National Cross-Sectional Online Survey
Authors: Kakemam Edris , Ghoddoosi-Nejad Djavad , Chegini Zahra , Momeni Khalil , Salehiniya Hamid , Hassanipour Soheil , Ameri Hosein , Arab-Zozani Morteza 
Published: December 2020

Background: Emerged in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the largest pandemics ever. During the early phase, little was known about public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) relating to coronavirus disease. This study was designed to determine KAP of Iranians toward COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was carried out in Iran from February 25 to April 25 using a self-administered questionnaire on 1,480 people. COVID-19-related KAP questions were adapted from other internationally validated questionnaires specific for infectious diseases.Results: All participants were aware of COVID-19. When asked unprompted, 80% of respondents could correctly cite fever, difficulty in breathing, and cough as signs/symptoms of COVID-19. Most of our sample population knew that staying at home and isolated (95.3%) as well as constant handwashing and using disinfectants (92.5%) could prevent COVID-19. However, there were also widespread misconceptions such as the belief that COVID-19 can be transmitted by wild animals (58%) and by air (48.3%). Unprompted, self-reported actions taken to avoid COVID-19 infection included handwashing with soap and water (95.4%), avoiding crowded places (93%), cleansing hands with other disinfectants (80.), and covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing (76.1%). The Internet and social media (94.5%) were the main coronavirus information sources. However, the most trusted information sources on coronavirus were health and medical professionals (79.3%). The majority of participants (77.0%) wanted more information about coronavirus to be available.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that people's knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 at the time of its outbreak was at a high level.
A Pilot Study of an Interprofessional Program Involving Dental, Medical, Nursing, and Pharmacy Students
Authors: Tabrizi Maryam , Lee Wei-Chen 
Published: December 2020

Objective: The silent epidemic of oral diseases disproportionately affects disadvantaged communities, especially the elderly who have complex needs for healthcare. This study was to evaluate a pilot oral health interprofessional program that provided hands-on experiences for students across four disciplines: dentistry, medicine, nursing, and pharmacy.Methods: The 8-weeks program was built on four pedagogical principles: care, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration coupled with the 4Ms model: what matters, medication, mentation, and mobility. The curriculum contained four scenarios of a dental complication in an elderly: Alzheimer's Disease, oral cancer, Parkinson's Disease, and stroke. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate this pilot program.Results: The average score of knowledge and attitude has increased from 2.94 to 4.39 (p &lt; 0.05) on a 5-point Likert scale. The qualitative responses also showed that students became more confident in practicing within the Age-Friendly health system.Discussion: By the end of the program, all students recognized the significance of the interprofessional program to improve their knowledge and skills to work with professionals across disciplines. Two key features that contributed to the success of the program were (1) an interprofessional education that increased students' awareness of other types of services and (2) four scenarios that allowed students to solve the case and gain hands-on experience.Conclusion: An interprofessional education may equip students with competence to address the health of geriatric patients. Materials used in this study could be shared and adapted to prepare learners for other scenarios that require interprofessional team practice.
Post-bariatric surgery nutritional follow-up in primary care: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Parretti Helen M , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Adderley Nicola J , Abbott Sally , Tahrani Abd A , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundBariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity. However, without recommended follow-up it has long-term risks.AimTo investigate whether nutritional and weight monitoring in primary care meets current clinical guidance, after patients are discharged from specialist bariatric care.Design and settingRetrospective cohort study in primary care practices contributing to IQVIA Medical Research Data in the UK (1 January 2000 to 17 January 2018).MethodParticipants were adults who had had bariatric surgery with a minimum of 3 years’ follow-up post-surgery, as this study focused on patients discharged from specialist care (at 2 years post-surgery). Outcomes were the annual proportion of patients from 2 years post-surgery with a record of recommended nutritional screening blood tests, weight measurement, and prescription of nutritional supplements, and the proportions with nutritional deficiencies based on blood tests.ResultsA total of 3137 participants were included in the study, and median follow-up post-surgery was 5.7 (4.2–7.6) years. Between 45% and 59% of these patients had an annual weight measurement. The greatest proportions of patients with a record of annual nutritional blood tests were for tests routinely conducted in primary care, for example, recorded haemoglobin measurement varied between 44.9% (n = 629/1400) and 61.2% (n = 653/1067). Annual proportions of blood tests specific to bariatric surgery were low, for example, recorded copper measurement varied between 1.2% (n = 10/818) and 1.5% (n = 16/1067) where recommended. Results indicated that the most common deficiency was anaemia. Annual proportions of patients with prescriptions for recommended nutritional supplements were low.ConclusionThis study suggests that patients who have bariatric surgery are not receiving the recommended nutritional monitoring after discharge from specialist care. GPs and patients should be supported to engage with follow-up care. Future research should aim to understand the reasons underpinning these findings.
KAJI EKSPERIMEN PENGARUH LAPISAN KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN PIPA TERHADAP HEAD LOSS PADA PIPA PVC BERDIAMETER Ø 22 mm PANJANG 80 cm
Authors: Candra Rama , Nuryanti Siti Zahara , Andayani Ratih Diah , Djunaidi Rita 
Published: December 2020

Aliran fluida pada permukaan didalam pipa yang mempunyai lapisan kekasaran yang berbeda dapat mengalami aliran laminer dan turbulen, yang dapat dilihat dari bilangan Reynold. Kecepatan aliran fluida dapat diketahui dengan mengatur bukaan katub. Setiap pipa diuji dengan air murni pada temperatur 30. Pengujian ini dilakukan dengan alat percobaan yang dipakai adalah pipa PVC silinder yang berdiameter dengan fluida air menggunakan tujuh jenis kekasaran dalam pipa yang berbeda yaitu, pipa tanpa lapisan tambahan, pipa dilapisi pasir halus, pipa dilapisi pasir kasar, pipa dibintik lubang, pipa dilapisi daun talas, pipa dilapisi pecahan batu bata, dan pipa dilapisi serat kayu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menkaji kekasaran permukaan dalam pipa terhadap perubahan Head Loss. Hasil Pada percobaan bahwa kekasaran permukaan pipa mempengaruhi nilai Bilangan Reynold dan Head Loss, semakin kasar permukaan pipa, Bilangan Reynold dan head loss cenderung meningkat., Dari ketujuh kekasaran tersebut maka pipa yang dilapisi pecahan batu bata yang memiliki nilai head loss yang paling tinggi yakni 0,995m dibanding dengan ke enam kekasaran lainya dikarenakan nilai kekasaran pecahan batu bata paling besar yakni Ꜫ/D= 0,1, dan nilai Head loss yang paling rendah didapat pada pipa yang dilapisi dengan daunt alas yakni ∆h= 0,196m pada Bilangan Reynold 35622,7.
Kata kunci: Aliran turbulen, kekasaran permukaan, bilangan Reynold, Head loss
Next-generation sequencing-based molecular genetic profiling in adults with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Kashlakova A. I. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Biderman B. V. , Sidorova Y. V. , Chabaeva Y. A. , Troitskaya V. V. , Lukianova I. A. , Kokhno A. V. , Sokolov A. N. , Sudarikov A. B. , Obukhova T. N. , Savchenko V. G. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is associated with multiple driver mutations, which prognostic value remains understudied.Aim. Assessment of the frequency of mutations in various genes and their impact on acute myeloid leukaemia outcome in adults.Materials and methods. The study included 90 adult patients with newly diagnosed AML; 76 were aged under 60, 14 were 60 and more years old. Patients under 60 had chemotherapy (CT) “7+3” as induction, the elder cohort had variant low-dose CT with hypomethylating agents. The molecular genetic status of patients was determined using next-generation sequencing; the in-house gene panel included ASXL1, BCOR, DNMT3, FLT3, IDH1, IDH2, PIGA, RUNX1, SETBP1, SF3B1, SRSF2, TET2, TP53 and U2AF2.Results. Nucleotide substitutions were identiﬁed in genes DNMT3, TET2, TP53, SETBP1, BCOR, RUNX1, IDH2, IDH1, FLT3, U2AF2, SF3B1 in 57.8 % of the patients (n = 52), with 17.8 % (n = 16) having compound mutations in two or three genes. Treatment efﬁcacy and long-term outcomes were assessed against age, ELN-2017 risk groups and mutations in genes TP53, RUNX1, IDH1, IDH2 and DNMT3. In the long term, a reliable variation was revealed in the overall survival (OS) rate with respect to mutations in genes TP53 and RUNX1. Patients with mutant TP53 had 30 % OS, those with the intact gene — 53.4 % (p = 0.0037). Similar results were obtained with RUNX1: mutations marked 20 % OS, intact patients had 54% OS (p = 0.0466).Conclusion. Mutations in genes FLT3-ITD, NPM1 and CEBPA are proxy to AML. However, a more accurate prognosis and optimal choice of therapy require detailed molecular proﬁling due to genetic heterogeneity of AML patients.
Clinical impact of plasma haemostasis disorders and their correction in chronic glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Chebotareva N. V. , Berns A. S. , Lebedeva M. V. , Moiseev S. V. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Thrombosis and thromboembolism are frequent complications in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) with nephrotic syndrome (NS), despite the use of anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, the questions of thrombosis risk assessment and thrombotic complication prevention in NS are still relevant.Aim. Description of the frequency and localisation of thromboembolic complications in CGN-NS patients and a review of approaches to their risk assessment and prevention.Main ﬁndings. The main risk predictors of venous thrombosis in NS are considered, including low serum albumin, high plasma D-dimer, age over 60 and hypovolemic conditions. The risk of arterial thrombosis is determined by general population factors: age, gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. Venous thrombosis may be asymptomatic and mainly occurs in deep lower limb veins, renal veins and branches of pulmonary artery. Among the NS-associated CGN morphotypes of high risk are membranous nephropathy and membranoproliferative CGN. Issues in the thrombotic complication risk assessment, prevention and treatment are highlighted.
Coexistence of multiple myeloma and chronic myeloleukosis in one patient
Authors: Rybina O. V. , Shavel J. A. , Petrenko A. A. , Galaiko M. V. , Litvinenko M. S. , Egorkov V. E. , Gubkin A. V. 
Published: December 2020

Intoduction. Multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) are two haematological malignancies developing through tumour transformation of lymphoid and myeloid progenitor cells, respectively, not sharing a common ancestry. Coexistence of the two diseases is extremely rare.Aim. Clinical description of a patient diagnosed with CML in a few months after start of MM therapy.Main ﬁndings. We report a clinical case of MM and CML in a 62 years-old female patient. MM was diagnosed newly and followed by 5 VD chemotherapy cycles. Treatment discontinued due to severe polyneuropathy. The patient was transferred to thalidomide maintenance therapy. CML was diagnosed 12 months after initiation of thalidomide therapy: BCR-ABL (p190), BCR-ABL (p210). Since imatinib produced short-term effect, dasatinib therapy was started. Following 16 months after the onset of dasatinib therapy, MM relapse and CML progression were diagnosed.
Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Hb-A1c pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Saputra Irman , Esfandiari Firhat , Marhayuni Esteria , Nur M 
Published: December 2020

Latar Belakang :Berat badan berlebih adalah keadaan yang hampir mendekati obesitas, di mana seseorang dapat dinyatakan berat badan berlebih apabila orang tersebut memiliki IMT ≥ 23. Timbunan lemak yang berlebihan di dalam tubuh penderita berat badan berlebih atau obesitas dapat mengakibatkan resistensi insulin yang berpengaruh terhadap kadar gula darah dan mempunyai risiko 1,71 kali terkena diabetes melitus. Tanpa adanya penurunan berat badan dan modifikasi gaya hidup, orang dengan sindrom metabolik memiliki resiko bermakna untuk menjadi diabetes melitus tipe 2.Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar Hb-A1c pada pasien FKTP diabetes melitus tipe 2 di praktik mandiri dokter K. Hakikiyah Lampung Tengah. Metode penelitian :Penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan menggunakan Desain penelitian Cross Sectional, populasi adalah seluruh pasien FKTP diabetes melitus tipe 2 di praktik mandiri dokter K. Hakikiyah Lampung Tengah. Penarikan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 56 orang. Analisa data yang dilakukan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji spearman. Hasil :Distribusi frekuensi Indeks Massa Tubuh IMT terbanyak yaitu kategori berlebih sebanyak 30 orang (53,6 %). Distribusi frekuensi kadar Hb-A1c terbanyak yaitu kategori berlebih sebanyak 43 orang (76,8 %). Di ketahui ada hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan kadar Hb-A1c pada pasien FKTP diabetes melitus tipe 2 di praktik mandiri dokter K. Hakikiyah Lampung Tengah dengan nilai p-value = 0,000, r = 0,600. Kesimpulan:Ada hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dengan kadar Hb-A1c pada pasien FKTP diabetes melitus tipe 2 di praktik mandiri dokter K. Hakikiyah Lampung Tengah. Kata Kunci : Indeks Masa Tubuh, Kadar Hb-A1c, DMT2.