bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning model for classification and bioactivity prediction of essential oil-producing plants from Egypt
Authors: El-Attar Noha E. , Hassan Mohamed K. , Alghamdi Othman A. , Awad Wael A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractReliance on deep learning techniques has become an important trend in several science domains including biological science, due to its proven efficiency in manipulating big data that are often characterized by their non-linear processes and complicated relationships. In this study, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) has been recruited, as one of the deep learning techniques, to be used in classifying and predicting the biological activities of the essential oil-producing plant/s through their chemical compositions. The model is established based on the available chemical composition’s information of a set of endemic Egyptian plants and their biological activities. Another type of machine learning algorithms, Multiclass Neural Network (MNN), has been applied on the same Essential Oils (EO) dataset. This aims to fairly evaluate the performance of the proposed CNN model. The recorded accuracy in the testing process for both CNN and MNN is 98.13% and 81.88%, respectively. Finally, the CNN technique has been adopted as a reliable model for classifying and predicting the bioactivities of the Egyptian EO-containing plants. The overall accuracy for the final prediction process is reported as approximately 97%. Hereby, the proposed deep learning model could be utilized as an efficient model in predicting the bioactivities of, at least Egyptian, EOs-producing plants.
Renal function after partial nephrectomy following intra-arterial embolization of renal tumors
Authors: Bréhier Germain , Bouvier Antoine , Besnier Louis , Willoteaux Serge , Nedelcu Cosmina , Culty Thibaut , Aubé Christophe , Bigot Pierre 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLaparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy (LPN) after intra-arterial Embolization of renal tumors (LPNE) in a hybrid operating room allows renal tumor enucleation without dissection and clamping of the renal pedicle. The purpose was to assess the potential negative impact of embolization on the renal function. This prospective monocentric study included all patients treated with LPNE between May 2015 and June 2019. Clinical data was collected and incorporated into the UroCCR database (NCT03293563). Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and Computed Tomography Renal Volume (CTRV) were compared before and after 6 months following LPNE. The mean post-operative GFR was 86.6 mL/min (SD 22.9). The mean GFR loss was 9.4% (SD 15.1) and the median renal parenchyma loss was 21 mL (SD 20.6). Using a threshold of 25% GFR loss, age was the only significant predictive factor of renal function impairment according to bivariate (59.5 vs 69.3 years, p = 0.017) and multivariable analysis (OR 1.075, CI 1–1.2], p = 0.05). Significant renal function impairment was not correlated with the renal parenchymal volume loss (OR 0.987, CI [0.95–1.02], p = 0.435). Renal function impairment after LPNE seems to be comparable to other techniques of partial nephrectomy.
SAR image noise suppression of BEMD by the kernel principle component analysis
Authors: Huang Changjun , Zhou Xinghua , Hu Jiyuan , Zhou Qingshan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the process of synthetic aperture radar image noise suppression by the bi‐dimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) algorithm, the edge effect is a key problem in the BEMD operation. To weaken this effect, an improved BEMD‐kernel principal component analysis (BEMD‐KPCA) method of image denoising is proposed in this study. Experimental results show that the BEMDKPCA algorithm has a good capability of improving edge effects in the BEMD decomposition process and satisfying the requirement of the reliable decomposition results. Compared with the traditional BEMD method, the proposed approach has a good effect on suppressing speckle noise. Additionally, the denoised image from the decomposed components of the IMFs processed by the BEMD‐KPCA method sufficiently preserves the edge and detail information, confirming its high coherency with the original image.
A generalized quality assessment method for natural and screen content images
Authors: Loh Woei‐Tan , Bong David B. L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA generalized objective quality assessment method is proposed for natural images and screen content images. Since natural images and screen content images have different statistical properties, the modelling of a generalized quality assessment method that works for both types of images is complicated because some properties of natural images and screen content images are conflicting to one another. The proposed method assesses the perceptual quality of an image based on edge magnitude and direction. In this method, an image is first separated into regions with high and low gradients. Gradient is used due to the small perceptual span of the human visual system for textual content. For high gradient regions, small kernel size of Prewitt operators is used to obtain the gradient magnitude and direction. Correspondingly, bigger kernel size of Prewitt operators is utilized for low gradient regions. Visual quality indices are computed from both regions and pooled to obtain the final quality index. From the performance comparison, it is shown that the proposed method could assess the perceived quality of natural images and screen content images with high accuracy.
Object scale selection of hierarchical image segmentation with deep seeds
Authors: Al‐Huda Zaid , Peng Bo , Yang Yan , Algburi Riyadh Nazar Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHierarchical image segmentation is a prevalent technique in the literature for improving segmentation quality, where the segmentation result needs to be searched at different scales of the hierarchy to identify objects represented from various scales. In this paper, a novel framework for improving the quality of object segmentation is presented. To this end, the authors first select the optimal segments among several hierarchical scales of the input image using simple mid‐level features and dynamic programming. Simultaneously, deep seeds are localised on the input image for the foreground and background classes using a deep classification network and a saliency network, respectively. Then, a graphical model is constructed as a set of nodes that jointly propagate information from deep seeds to unmarked regions to obtain the final object segmentation. Comprehensive experiments are performed on different datasets for popular hierarchical image segmentation algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed framework can significantly improve the quality of object segmentation at low computational costs and without training any segmentation network.
The trade‐off between accuracy and the complexity of real‐time background subtraction
Authors: Hossain Md Alamgir , Nguyen VanDung , Huh Eui‐Nam 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground subtraction used in object detection, tracking and action recognition is a typical method that separates foreground objects from the background. These applications require accuracy and a complexity reduction technique. Some approaches have been proposed to either increase accuracy or decrease complexity. However, the trade‐off between increasing accuracy and reducing the complexity of background subtraction is a big challenge. To address this issue, a background subtraction‐based real‐time moving object‐detection approach is proposed. The key contribution in authors' proposal is to use a colour image and a novel colour‐gradient blending fused image to achieve accurate background/foreground segmentation. The fused image is a combination of a gradient image and a colour image to correct illumination variations and preserve the edge information. Also, thresholds are adaptively selected based on the dynamic background behaviour to attain a more robust classification system. The proposed model based on real‐time and complex videos from the CD‐2012 and CD‐2014 change detection data sets, and the CMD data set is evaluated. Experimental results indicate that authors' method processes around 43 frames per second and requires six bytes of memory per pixel, which is noticeably more efficient and less complex than other background subtraction methods.
Das ZEPmax-Programm – effektive, leitliniengerechte multimodale Therapie von Adipositas und Folgeerkrankungen
Authors: Bischoff Gert , Bischoff Monika , Benend Veronika , Feiner Sebastian , Hohenester Simon , Rust Christian 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Adipositas und die assoziierten Folgeerkrankungen führen nicht nur zu einer erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität, sondern auch zu einer Reduktion der Lebensqualität. Obwohl ein multimodaler Therapieansatz die leitliniengerechte Therapie der Wahl für die meisten Patienten ist, fehlen in Deutschland flächendeckend geeignete Programme und die Ansprechraten unstrukturierter Interventionen sind unzureichend.
Material und Methodik Das ZEPmax-Programm ist ein konservatives, multimodales, 1-jähriges Therapieprogramm mit initialer Formuladiätphase für Erwachsene mit Adipositas. Die Patienten treffen sich jede Woche für 3,5 Stunden am Zentrum. Die Daten der ersten 136 konsekutiv eingeschlossenen Patienten wurden hier als Intention-to-treat-Analyse ausgewertet. Neben Gewicht und BMI wurden Faktoren des metabolischen Syndroms untersucht.
Ergebnisse Die Teilnehmer hatten einen durchschnittlichen BMI von 43,0 kg/m2. 11,8 % brachen das Programm im ersten Jahr ab. 87,5 % erreichten das primäre Therapieziel einer Gewichtsreduktion von > 10 % des Ausgangsgewichts bei einem durchschnittlichen Gewichtsverlust von 24,7 kg (19 % des Ausgangsgewichts). 72 % der Diabetespatienten (n = 18) erreichten eine vollständige Remission, d. h. einen normwertigen HbA1c ohne spezifische Diabetesmedikation. Der systolische Blutdruck der Hypertoniepatienten (n = 53) sank im Mittel um 22 mmHg. Das Gesamtcholesterin der Patienten mit Hyperlipidämie (n = 66) konnte um 23 mg/dl und das LDL-Cholesterin um 17 mg/dl gesenkt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass mit Hilfe des strukturierten, formuladiätbasierten, multimodalen Adipositas-Therapieprogramms ZEPmax ein nachhaltiger Gewichtsverlust mit hohen Ansprechraten erreicht werden kann. Durch erfolgreiche Therapie der Adipositas konnten die assoziierten Folgeerkrankungen Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, arterielle Hypertonie und Hyperlipidämie mit hohen Remissionsquoten behandelt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit belegt den Stellenwert einer professionell durchgeführten konservativen Adipositastherapie in Deutschland.
Mechanism of lncRNA H19 in Regulating Pulmonary Injury in Hyperoxia-Induced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Newborn Mice
Authors: Zhang Lina , Wang Ping , Shen Yanhong , Huang Tao , Hu Xiaoyun , Yu Wei 
Published: December 2020

Objective Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a pulmonary injury related to inflammation and is a major cause of premature infant death. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators in pulmonary injury and inflammation. We investigated the molecular mechanism of lncRNA H19 in pulmonary injury and inflammation in hyperoxia (Hyp)-induced BPD mice.
Study Design The BPD newborn mouse model was established and intervened with H19 to evaluate the pathologic conditions and radial alveolar count (RAC) in lung tissues of mice in the room air (RA) and Hyp group on the 4th, 7th, and 14th days after birth. The levels of BPD-related biomarkers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and surfactant protein C (SPC) in lung tissues were detected on the 14th day after birth. The expression of and relationships among H19 and miR-17, miR-17, and STAT3 were detected and verified. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, p-STAT3, and STAT3 levels in mouse lung tissues were detected on the 14th day after birth.
Results Hyp-induced mice showed increased alveolar diameter, septum, and hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration, upregulated H19, decreased overall number and significantly reduced RAC on the 7th and 14th days after birth, which were reversed in the si-H19-treated mice. VEGF was upregulated and TGF-β1 and SPC was decreased in si-H19-treated mice. Moreover, H19 competitively bound to miR-17 to upregulate STAT3. IL-6 and IL-1β expressions and p-STAT3 and STAT3 levels were downregulated after inhibition of H19.
Conclusion Downregulated lncRNA H19 relieved pulmonary injury via targeting miR-17 to downregulate STAT3 and reduced inflammatory response caused by p-STAT3 in BPD newborn mice.
Key Points
Medical hybridity and beyond: professional transitions in Italian outpatient settings
Authors: Sofritti Federico 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe marketization of public healthcare has brought about organizational transformations, affecting health professionals' ways of working in hospitals and outpatient organizations. As a result of the reforms in the 1990s, the principle of business-like healthcare has been introduced in the Italian health system. This paper presents the main findings of a study of specialist doctors working in two local health organizations in the Tuscany region. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with specialist doctors working in an outpatient setting, the article examines the manifold reactions to changes of the medical profession within outpatient settings. In particular, the combination of professional and organizational dimensions has been taken into consideration. The results show that a change is involving outpatient specialist doctors' identity: organizational change affects several dimensions of the medical professional ethos. The change has been understood by categorizing three major types of approaches to medical professionalism, which are aimed to understand the complexity of the domain and to summarize professionals' reactions: the first is linked to a traditional model of professionalism; the second accepts partially business-like organizational issues, while trying to create individual spaces of autonomy in daily tasks; the third co-opts new organizational issues, which become part of the medical professional ethos.
Small Towns and Land Reform in Zimbabwe
Authors: Scoones Ian , Murimbarimba Felix 
Published: December 2020

AbstractZimbabwe’s land reform from 2000 radically transformed the agrarian structure, and with this small towns in rural areas. This article explores three such towns—Mvurwi, Chatsworth and Maphisa—examining changes in population, housing, transport and business activity between 2000 and 2020. Case studies highlight the importance of networks and social relationships between rural and urban areas, linked to new patterns of migration and a massive growth in the informal economy. Despite the lack of state investment in basic infrastructure, the economies of these small towns have grown significantly, with a major shift in agrarian relations generating new economic activity and employment. This suggests the potential of a territorial focus for local economic development following land reform, encompassing both urban and rural areas.
An information structure scenario for V2 loss in Medieval French
Authors: Larrivée Pierre 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses word order change in Medieval French. Verb-second (V2) configurations are generally understood as having an initial XP and the verb in the left periphery. How has this configuration been lost in French? Under an Information Structure scenario, the XP is in initial position because of its characterized (discourse-old) informational value, which motivates the left-peripheral position of the verb. The decline of the characterized informational value of the XP thus accounts for the gradual loss of V2. The informational behaviour of XPs was examined in unambiguous V2 configurations with an overt post-verbal subject in Medieval French. This detailed quantitative study of a calibrated corpus shows that XPs with a characterized informational value were predominant with productive V2 configurations, that they gradually declined as productive V2 was lost, and that they increasingly failed to attract the verb to the left periphery. These observations can be accounted for if V2 in Medieval French was driven by informational values and if it disappeared along with the informational cues provided by the XPs.
Validation of Newton’s second law using Arduino: STEM teaching material
Authors: Çoban Atakan , Erol Mustafa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present work offers an experimental technique specially designed and employed to comprehend and teach the Newton’s second law and to overcome certain instructional difficulties. The apparatus is mainly comprised of two specifically designed toy cars, two force sensors, one distance sensor, a pulley, two pieces of gut, an Arduino microprocessor and an ordinary computer. Newton’s second law is experimentally validated by measuring, using the Arduino system, the accelerations from the distance–time graphs and by directly measuring the tension forces. The experimental results are also compared with theoretical calculations, indicating a reasonably good agreement. The designed apparatus can be employed as a Science Technology Engineering Mathematics teaching material within physics laboratories, to achieve enhanced understanding of Newton’s second law and dynamics.
Switchable dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser based on the broadband filtering performance of tapered long period fiber gratings
Authors: Nuñez-Gomez R E , Anzueto-Sánchez G , Camas-Anzueto J L , Martínez-Rios A , Basurto-Pensado M A , Castrellon-Uribe J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a switchable, dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser, based on the broadband filtering performance of a tapered long-period fiber grating, is experimentally demonstrated. The lasing emission can be built up in sets of dual-wavelengths in the entire C-band, with variable and controllable separation between laser lines from 6.75 nm to 35 nm when the optical fiber filter structure is gradually bent.
Turbulent pulsations in the axisymmetrical submerged jet
Authors: Lemanov V V , Terekhov V I , Sharov K A , Shumeiko A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Today, the turbulent characteristics of laminar jets remain almost unexplored, although all real flows have a pulsating component, which in technological processes can have a significant effect on the processes of mixing, heat and mass transfer. The turbulent characteristics of a submerged laminar air jet flowing out of a tube with a diameter of 3.2 mm and length of more than 100 diameters were experimentally investigated at Reynolds number of 436. The measurements were carried out using a hot-wire anemometer. The ranges of operating parameters at which the laminar, transitional and turbulent flows occur in the jet source have been determined. Based on the data obtained, the regime for the study was selected. For the selected regime, the profiles of average velocities and pulsations in cross-sections along the jet flow were measured and distributions of turbulent characteristics along the jet flow on the axis and in the mixing layers were constructed.
Investigation of the cascade mechanism of energy exchange in swirling gas flows based on the effect of secondary swirling
Authors: Volov V T , Lyaskin A S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the secondary swirling effect in supersonic rotating gas and plasma flows. It is shown that the secondary twist of the jets of gas flowing from the nozzle apparatus generates a cascade structure of vortices that separate energy in the field of azimuthal and radial pressure gradients. As shown by the calculations, the effect of energy separation is more significant the higher the level of secondary twisting of the nozzle jets, which, in turn, is determined by the level of energy dissipation. Experimental confirmations of the revealed cascade mechanism of energy separation in supersonic swirling gas flows are discussed.
Rivulet structures formation, rupture and heat transfer in the falling liquid films
Authors: Chinnov E A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The evolution of three-dimensional waves into thermocapillary-wave structures, rivulets deflection, heat transfer enhancement and rupture vertically falling water film at heating were studied. Characteristics of the film flow were determined experimentally using simultaneous measurements of thickness and temperature fields on the falling heated liquid film surface (LIF and IR scanner). The amplitudes and velocities of waves, amplitudes of rivulet deflection, temperature fluctuations on the film surface, frequency spectra and pulsation energies were determined. Several different types of instability were registered on the surface of the heated fluid film: 3D hydrodynamic and thermocapillary A, B and C instabilities. The thermocapillary structures of type A arise in the residual layer behind the front of the wave, leading to an increase in the amplitude of the waves and rivulets deflection amplitudes. It is shown that the heat flux of rupture increases and intensity of heat transfer enhances due to an increase in the surface waves and rivulet deflection amplitudes.
Determination of Afzelin and Astragalin fromLespedeza cuneataon Aldose Reductase Inhibition
Authors: Lee Dong Gu , Lee Ju Sung , Quilantang Norman G , Jacinto Sonia D , Lee Sanghyun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe bioactive chemicals in L. cuneata were investigated by repeated column chromatography and their effect on aldose reductase (AR), obtained from rat lenses, was examined. Results showed that the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of L. cuneata exhibited potential inhibitory effect against AR with IC50 values of 0.57 and 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of these two fractions resulted in the isolation of five flavonoids namely, acacetin (1), afzelin (2), astragalin (3), kaempferol (4) and scutellarein 7-O-glucoside (5). The AR inhibitory effect of compounds 1-5 was explored; compounds 2, 3 and 5 showed potential AR-inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 2.20, 1.91 and 12.87 μM, respectively. Quantitative analysis of afzelin (2) and astragalin (3) in L. cuneata by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection revealed its content to be 0.722–11.828 and 2.054–7.006 mg/g, respectively. Overall, this study showed that L. cuneata is rich in flavonoids with promising AR-inhibitory activities, which can be utilized for the development of natural therapies for treating and managing diabetic complications.