bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐Effectiveness of Interventions for Musculoskeletal Foot and Ankle Conditions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Walsh Tom P. , Merlo Greg B. , Rutter Cameron , Abell Bridget , Platt Simon R. , Arnold John B. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveMusculoskeletal conditions of the foot and ankle are common, yet the cost‐effectiveness of the variety of treatments available is not well defined. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to identify, appraise, and synthesize the literature pertaining to the cost‐effectiveness of interventions for musculoskeletal foot and ankle conditions.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for studies presenting economic evaluations of nonsurgical and surgical treatments for acute or chronic musculoskeletal conditions of the foot and ankle. Data on cost, incremental cost‐effectiveness, and quality‐adjusted life years for each intervention and comparison were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Drummond checklist for economic studies (range 0–35).ResultsThirty‐six studies were identified reporting nonsurgical interventions (n = 10), nonsurgical versus surgical interventions (n = 14), and surgical interventions (n = 12). The most common conditions were osteoarthritis, ankle fracture, and Achilles tendon rupture. The strongest economic evaluations were for interventions managing end‐stage ankle osteoarthritis, ankle sprain, ankle fracture, calcaneal fracture, and Achilles tendon rupture. Total ankle replacement and ankle arthrodesis for end‐stage ankle osteoarthritis, in particular, have been demonstrated through high‐quality studies to be cost‐effective compared to the nonsurgical alternative.ConclusionSelected interventions for musculoskeletal foot and ankle conditions dominate comparators, whereas others require thoughtful consideration as they provide better clinical improvements, but at an increased cost. Researchers should consider measuring and reporting costs alongside clinical outcome to provide context when determining the appropriateness of interventions for other foot and ankle symptoms to best inform future clinical practice guidelines.
Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporation and Self‐Powered Water Wave Detection Based on an All‐Cellulose Monolithic Design
Authors: Li Na , Qiao Lifang , He Jintao , Wang Shuxue , Yu Liangmin , Murto Petri , Li Xiaoyi , Xu Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial evaporation is an emerging technology with a strong potential for applications in water distillation and desalination. However, the high‐cost, complex fabrication, leaching, and disposal of synthetic materials remain the major roadblocks toward large‐scale applications. Herein, the benefits offered by renewable bacterial cellulose (BC) are considered and an all‐cellulose‐based interfacial steam generator is developed. In this monolithic design, three BC‐based aerogels are fabricated and integrated to endow the 3D steam generator with well‐defined hybrid structures and several self‐contained properties of lightweight, efficient evaporation, and good durability. Under 1 sun, the interfacial steam generator delivers high water evaporation rates of 1.82 and 4.32 kg m−2 h−1 under calm and light air conditions, respectively. These results are among the best‐performing interfacial steam generators, and surpass a majority of devices constructed from cellulose and other biopolymers. Importantly, the first example of integrating solar‐driven interfacial evaporation with water wave detection is also demonstrated by introducing a self‐powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). This work highlights the potential of developing biopolymer‐based, eco‐friendly, and durable steam generators, not merely scaling up sustainable clean water production, but also discovering new functions for detecting wave parameters of surface water.
The Implementation of a Collaborative Pediatric Telesimulation Intervention in Rural Critical Access Hospitals
Authors: Auerbach Marc , Patterson Mary , Mills William A , Katznelson Jessica 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundOver 5.8 million pediatric visits to rural emergency department (EDs) occur each year in the United States. Most rural EDs care for less than five pediatric patients per day and are not well prepared for pediatrics. Simulation has been associated with improvements in pediatric preparedness. The implementation of pediatric simulation in rural settings is challenging due to limited access to equipment and pediatric specialists. Telesimulation involves a remote facilitator interacting with onsite learners. This article aims to describe the implementation experiences and participant feedback of a 1‐year remotely facilitated pediatric emergency telesimulation program in three critical‐access hospitals.MethodsThree hospitals were recruited to participate with a nurse manager serving as the on‐site lead. The managers worked with a study investigator to set up the simulation technology during an in‐person pilot testing visit with the off‐site facilitators. A curriculum consisting of eight pediatric telesimulations and debriefings was conducted over a 12‐month period. Participant feedback was collected via a paper survey after each simulation. Implementation metrics were collected after each session including technical and logistic issues.ResultsOf 147 participant feedback surveys 90% reported that pediatric simulations should be conducted on a regular basis and overall feedback was positive. Forty‐seven of 48 simulations were completed on the first attempt with few major technologic issues. The most common issue encountered related to the simulator not working correctly locally and involved the facilitator running the session without the heart and lung sounds. All debriefings occurred without any issues.ConclusionsThis replicable telesimulation program can be used in the small, rural hospital setting, overcoming time and distance barriers and lending pediatric emergency medicine expertise to the education of critical‐access hospital providers.
A nationwide, multi‐institutional collaborative retrospective study of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors in Japan
Authors: Yamaguchi Tatsuro , Takahashi Keiichi , Yamada Kazutaka , Bando Hiroyuki , Baba Hideo , Ito Masaaki , Funahashi Kimihiko , Ueno Hideki , Fujita Shin , Hasegawa Seiji , Sakai Yoshiharu , Sugihara Kenichi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are one of the subtypes of neuroendocrine neoplasms and are defined as epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal NETs through a nationwide retrospective study in Japan.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study of NETs in Japan was conducted by the study group of the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum. In this study, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of Japanese patients with colorectal NETs. This cohort study included patients with colorectal NETs who were treated from January 2011 to December 2015.ResultsMost NETs developed in the lower rectum. Predictive factors of lymph node metastasis included size (>10 mm), depth of invasion (muscular propria or greater), NET grade (NET G2), depressed lesion of the tumor, and lymphovascular infiltration. In particular, depressed lesion of the tumor and lymphovascular infiltration were independent predictive factors of lymph node metastasis. The presence of an increased number of these predictive factors increased the lymph node metastasis rate.ConclusionSurgical resection with lymph node dissection is considered in the colorectal NETs patients with predictive factors of lymph node metastasis, the number of which is correlated with incidence of lymph node metastasis.
"Job seeker" experiences of punitive activation in Job Services Australia
Authors: Casey Simone 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Job Services Australia era (2009–2015) was a distinct stage in the evolution of Australia’s employment services because it was then that "work‐first" payment by results contracts, in combination with demanding "work‐first" activation, resulted in "punitive activation". Experiences of this shift were collected in interviews with a small cohort of job seekers about incidents involving threat of sanction. These incidents involving threat of sanction were construed as moments where job seekers were directly exposed to the coercive authority of activation workers deployed to meet "work‐first" targets. The findings show that "work‐first" marketisation incentives combined with demanding "work‐first" activation led to an experience of "punitive activation".
Effective Enantioselective Recognition by Chiral Amino‐Phosphonium Salts**
Authors: Rajasekar Prabhakaran , Jose Cavya , Sarkar Meghamala , Boomishankar Ramamoorthy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe research on chiral recognition and selection is not only fundamental in deciding the mystery of homochirality, but also informative in terms of substrate recognition in biological processes and asymmetric catalysis. We report an enantiomeric pair of phosphonium salts having chiral (R and S) amino substituents that are utilized towards the enantioselective recognition of a variety of chiral compounds having functional groups, such as carboxylic acid, amine, and alcohol. These simple phosphonium salts are found to exhibit a high enantiomeric discrimination for 1‐cyclohexylethylamine (CY). A remarkable guest selectivity (ξ) value of 5.3×108 is achieved for the enantiomer of R‐CY over S‐CY by using the R‐isomer of the phosphonium salt. Such high binding selectivities and discrimination capabilities is attributed to multiple non‐covalent interactions between the host and guest molecules as inferred from the DFT optimized structures of the host–guest pairs.
Von π‐gebundenen Gallapnictenen zu nukleophilen, redoxaktiven metallkoordinierten Pnictid‐Anionen
Authors: Krüger Julia , Wölper Christoph , Schulz Stephan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractErste systematische Studien zur Reaktivität von Gallapnictenen LGaEGa(Cl)L (E=As, Sb; L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2, Ar=Dip=2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3) zeigen den nukleophilen Charakter des Pnictogen‐ und den elektrophilen Charakter des Galliumatoms. Reaktionen der Gallapnictene mit Imidazoliumchlorid [IPrH][Cl] ergeben Pnictid‐Anionen {[LGa(Cl)]2E−}{IPrH+} (E=As 1, Sb 2), während mit HCl und MeI die Pnictane [LGa(Cl)]2EH (E=As 5, Sb 6) und L(I)GaE(Me)Ga(Cl)L (E=As 7, Sb 8) gebildet werden. Die Pnictid‐Anionen 1 und 2 reagieren mit [H(OEt2)2][BArF4] (BArF4=B(C6F5)4) ebenfalls zu 5 und 6, während Reaktionen mit MeI zu den Pnictanen [LGa(Cl)]2EMe (E=As 9, Sb 10) führen. Einelektronenoxidationsreaktionen von 1 und 2 ergeben die entsprechenden Radikale [LGa(Cl)]2E. (E=As, Sb).
Silver in the Center Enhances Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of a Platinum Sub‐nanocluster by 18 Times
Authors: Akanuma Yuki , Imaoka Takane , Sato Hiroyasu , Yamamoto Kimihisa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThere has been controversy surrounding the roles of the metal core (metal–metal interaction) and the shell (metal–ligand interaction) in photoluminescence of ligand‐protected metal nanoclusters. We have discovered aggregation‐induced room‐temperature phosphorescence of a platinum–thiolate complex and its silver ion inclusion complex (a silver‐doped platinum sub‐nanocluster). The inclusion of silver ion boosted the photoluminescent quantum yield by 18 times. Photophysical measurements indicate that the rate of nonradiative decay was slower for the silver‐doped platinum sub‐nanocluster. DFT calculations showed that the LUMO, which had the main contribution from Ag s‐orbital and Pt d‐orbitals, played a critical role in suppressing the structural distortion at the excited state. This work will hopefully stimulate more research on designing strategies based on molecular orbitals of atomicity‐precise luminescent multimetallic nanoclusters.
From π‐Bonded Gallapnictenes to Nucleophilic, Redox‐Active Metal‐Coordinated Pnictanides
Authors: Krüger Julia , Wölper Christoph , Schulz Stephan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA comprehensive reactivity study of gallapnictenes LGaEGa(Cl)L (E=As, Sb; L=HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2, Ar=Dip=2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3) proved the nucleophilic character of the pnictogen and the electrophilic nature of the Ga atom. Reactions of LGaEGa(Cl)L with imidazolium chloride [IPrH][Cl] yielded {[LGa(Cl)]2E−}{IPrH+} (E=As 1, Sb 2), and those with HCl and MeI gave pnictanes [LGa(Cl)]2EH (E=As 5, Sb 6) and L(I)GaE(Me)Ga(Cl)L (E=As 7, Sb 8). Pnictanides 1 and 2 also react with [H(OEt2)2][BArF4] (BArF4=B(C6F5)4) to 5 and 6, while reactions with MeI yielded [LGa(Cl)]2EMe (E=As 9, Sb 10). Single electron oxidation reactions of pnictanides 1 and 2 gave the corresponding radicals [LGa(Cl)]2E. (E=As, Sb).
Nickel‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Fluoroalkylamines
Authors: McGuire Ryan T. , Yadav Arun A. , Stradiotto Mark 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Ni‐catalyzed N‐arylation of β‐fluoroalkylamines with broad scope is reported for the first time. Use of the air‐stable pre‐catalyst (PAd2‐DalPhos)Ni(o‐tol)Cl allows for reactions to be conducted at room temperature (25 °C, NaOtBu), or by use of a commercially available dual‐base system (100 °C, DBU/NaOTf), to circumvent decomposition of the N‐(β‐fluoroalkyl)aniline product. The mild protocols disclosed herein feature broad (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halide scope (X=Cl, Br, I, and for the first time phenol‐derived electrophiles), encompassing base‐sensitive substrates and enantioretentive transformations, in a manner that is unmatched by any previously reported catalyst system.
Effect of micro‐aggregation behavior on the salt tolerance of polymer solutions
Authors: Zhu Shijie , Shi Leiting , Ye Zhongbin , Yuan Na , Li Xia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolymer solution for oil displacement is mostly used in the middle and late stage of water flooding reservoir development, and reservoir groundwater conditions are often one of the main conditions restricting polymer application. Therefore, it is necessary to develop salt tolerance of polymer solutions with different aggregation behaviors, so as to facilitate the synthesis and optimization of suitable polymer systems. The differences in the micro‐aggregation behavior of three polymers with different molecular structures were explored. On this basis, the effects of divalent metal cations on the properties of the polymer solutions were analyzed by assessing the micro‐aggregation behavior, apparent viscosity, hydrodynamic size, and shear rheological characteristics. The results showed that the linear partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) was seriously affected by divalent cations, and the viscosity decreased obviously. The aggregation behavior of the polymer changed by hydrophobic association can enhance the salt tolerance of the solution. The hydrophobically modified partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HMPAM) with “chain beam” aggregation behavior has strong intermolecular connection, which enables it to withstand the content of calcium and magnesium ions of 1100 mg l−1. When the content of calcium and magnesium ions exceeds 600 mg l−1, dendritic hydrophobically associating polymer (DHAP) will destroy the interaction between molecular chains, resulting in the decrease of apparent viscosity and hydrodynamic size. For polymer flooding in high‐salinity reservoir, salt tolerant polymer system can be constructed by optimizing molecular weight and hydrophobic group content.
Correlating ultra‐toughening of bio‐based polyamide 410 with melt rheological and solid state relaxation dynamics by gelation rheology approach
Authors: Samantaray Saroj Kumar , Satapathy Bhabani K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe sol–gel or viscous‐elastic transitions of the bio‐based polyamide 410/POE‐g‐MA (polyethylene‐co‐octene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride) blends have been systematically discussed in the framework of melt rheology as assessed on a parallel plate rheometer set‐up in small amplitude oscillatory shear mode and solid state dynamic mechanical relaxation measurements. The viscous response dominated enhancement in elastic moduli of the blends that was characterized by the phase transitions across the composition range of 10–15 wt% of POE‐g‐MA. A direct correlation between the gel point (estimated from the cross‐over of frequency‐independent loss tangent curves) and the ultra‐toughness (maximized to an extent of ~15‐fold increase in notched Izod impact strength) could be established vis‐a‐vis its corroboration from the morphology of the impact‐failed surfaces. The extent of maleic anhydride (−MA) content induced phase interaction with polyamide 410 via the formation of a polyamide‐co‐(polyoctene‐co‐ethylene) type copolymer linkage in solid‐state and its subsequent impact on solid‐state damping was analyzed. The study establishes qualitative correlation between ultra‐toughening of polyamide 410 to that parameters based on relaxation dynamics measurements using melt rheology and solid‐state dynamic responses conforming to the principles of gelation rheology.
Distributed finite‐time control for systems interconnected over an undirected graph
Authors: Xue Xiaojuan , Xu Li , Wang Lu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the distributed finite‐time control problem for the class of systems interconnected over an undirected graph is considered. First, the concepts of well‐posedness, finite‐time boundedness, and contractiveness for the considered systems are given. Then, a sufficient condition is developed to ensure that the plant is well‐posed, finite‐time bounded, and contractive, where the results are stated by terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). For the control synthesis, we construct a distributed dynamic output‐feedback controller inheriting the structure of the plant such that the resulting closed‐loop system is finite‐time bounded and contractive. Since the analysis condition of the plant used for the closed‐loop system is presented by some nonlinear inequalities in given finite‐time interval, we further derive a sufficient condition in terms of LMIs with some fixed parameter for the existence of an appropriate output‐feedback controller such that the closed‐loop system is contractive. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the validity of the proposed results.
Studying endothelial cell shedding and orientation using adaptive perfusion‐culture in a microfluidic vascular chip
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wang Zhenxing , Zhang Yu Shrike , Yan Shujie , Hou Chuanyu , Gong Youping , Qiu Jingjiang , Chen Mo , Li Qian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMost tissue‐engineered blood vessels are endothelialized by static cultures in vitro. However, it has not been clear whether endothelial cell‐shedding and local damage may occur in an endothelial layer formed by static cultures under the effect of blood flow shear postimplantation. In this study, we report a bionic and cost‐effective vascular chip platform, and proved that a static culture of endothelialized tissue‐engineered blood vessels had the problem of a large number of endothelial cells falling off under the condition imitating the human arterial blood flow, and we addressed this challenge by regulating the flow field in a vascular chip. Electrospun membranes made of highly oriented or randomly distributed poly(ε‐caprolactone) fibers were used as the vascular scaffolds, on which endothelial cells proliferated well and eventually formed dense intima layers. We noted that the monolayers gradually adapted to the artery‐like microenvironment through the regulation of chip flow field, which also revealed improved cellular orientations. In conclusion, we have proposed a vascular chip with adaptive flow patterns to gradually accommodate the statically cultured vascular endothelia to the shear environment of arterial flow field and enhanced the orientation of the endothelial cells. This strategy may find numerous potential applications such as screening of vascular engineering biomaterials and maturation parameters, studying of vascular biology and pathology, and construction of vessel‐on‐a‐chip models for drug analysis, among others.
A plausible involvement of plasmalemmal voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 in the neurotoxicity of 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J2
Authors: Koma Hiromi , Yamamoto Yasuhiro , Okamura Noboru , Yagami Tatsurou 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J2 (15d‐PGJ2) causes neuronal apoptosis independently of its nuclear receptor, peroxysome‐proliferator activated receptor γ. Its membrane receptor, chemoattractant receptor‐homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2), did not also mediate the neurotoxicity of 15d‐PGJ2. In the present study, we ascertained whether membrane targets beside CRTH2 were involved in the neurotoxicity of 15d‐PGJ2.MethodsNeuronal membrane targets for 15d‐PGJ2 were separated by two‐dimensional electrophoresis, identified by proteomic approach. Their localizations were detected by microscopic immunofluorescence study. Cell viability and apoptosis was evaluated by MTT‐reducing activity and caspase‐3 activity, respectively.ResultsVoltage‐dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) was identified as one of membrane targets for 15d‐PGJ2. Modification of VDAC1 with 15d‐PGJ2 was detected by pull‐down assay. VDAC1 was detected in the plasma membrane and localized on the neuronal cell surface. VDAC1 was partially colocalized with membrane targets for 15d‐PGJ2. The anti‐VDAC antibody significantly attenuated the neurotoxicity of 15d‐PGJ2, accompanied by the suppression of the 15d‐PGJ2‐stimulated caspase‐3.ConclusionThese findings suggested that the plasmalemmal VDAC might be involved in the neurotoxicity of 15d‐PGJ2.
Iatrogenic aorta‐coronary dissection: Case report and systematic review
Authors: Cereda Alberto Francesco , Toselli Marco , Khokhar Arif , Sticchi Alessandro , Gallo Francesco , Ruggiero Rossella , Ponticelli Francesco , Laricchia Alessandra , Mangieri Antonio , Sangiorgi Giuseppe , Colombo Antonio , Giannini Francesco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectives and BackgroundIatrogenic aorto‐coronary dissection (ICD) is one of the most feared complications of interventional cardiology. Although rare, it is characterized by anterograde coronary ischemia and a concomitant aortic dissection, with potentially fatal consequences.MethodsWe present an example case of IACD and an accurate case‐series review of the literature including 125 published cases.ResultsThere were no significant predisposing factors and the IACD occurred equally in elective and urgent procedures. A significant number of IACDs were associated with CTO procedures. The factors associated with a worse outcome were hemodynamic instability, the presence of anterograde ischemia, and the extent of dissection according to the Dunning classification. Bail‐out stenting was the most used strategy and its failure was associated with mortality.ConclusionThe main features of IACD are anterograde ischemia, retrograde dissection, and hemodynamic instability, each of them should be addressed with no time delay, possibly with bailout stenting, the most employed exit‐strategy. According to our proposed algorithm, a shock team approach is required to coordinate the interdisciplinary skills and enabled patients to receive the best treatment.