bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in age-to-maturation relate to sexual selection and adult sex ratios in birds
Authors: Ancona Sergio , Liker András , Carmona-Isunza M. Cristina , Székely Tamás 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMaturation (the age when organisms are physiologically capable of breeding) is one of the major life history traits that have pervasive implications for reproductive strategies, fitness, and population growth. Sex differences in maturation are common in nature, although the causes of such differences are not understood. Fisher and Lack proposed that delayed maturation in males is expected when males are under intense sexual selection, but their proposition has never been tested across a wide range of taxa. By using phylogenetic comparative analyses and the most comprehensive dataset to date, including 201 species from 59 avian families, we show that intense sexual selection on males (as indicated by polygamous mating and male-skewed sexual size dimorphism) correlates with delayed maturation. We also show that the adult sex ratio (ASR), an indicator of the social environment, is associated with sex-specific maturation because in species with a female-skewed ASR, males experience later maturation. Phylogenetic path analyses suggest that adult sex ratio drives interspecific changes in the intensity of sexual selection which, in turn, influences maturation. These results are robust to alternative phylogenetic hypotheses and to potential life-history confounds, and they provide the first comprehensive support of Fisher's and Lack's propositions. Importantly, our work suggests that both social environment and mate competition influence the evolution of a major life history trait, maturation.
Evaluation of ultraviolet (UV‐C) light treatment for microbial inactivation in agricultural waters with different levels of turbidity
Authors: Adhikari Achyut , Parraga Estrada Katheryn J. , Chhetri Vijay S. , Janes Marlene , Fontenot Kathryn , Beaulieu John C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProduce growers using surface or well water to irrigate their crops may require an appropriate water treatment system in place to meet the water quality standard imposed by FSMA Produce Safety Rule. This study evaluated the potential of using ultraviolet (UV‐C) treatment in reducing the microbial population in agricultural water. Waters with turbidity levels ranging from 10.93 to 23.32 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) were prepared by mixing pond water and well water. The waters were inoculated with a cocktail of generic Escherichia coli (ATCC 23716, 25922, and 11775) and then treated with UV‐C light (20–60 mJ/cm2). All tested doses of the UV‐C treatment reduced the E. coli levels significantly (p < .05) in the water samples with the turbidity levels up to 23.32 NTU. The decrease in the turbidity from 23.32 to 10.93 NTU increased the level of reduction by more than 2.15 log most probable number (MPN)/100 ml). UV‐C treatment effectively reduces microbial load in agriculture water; however, turbidity of water may significantly affect the disinfection efficacy. The study also demonstrated that sprinkler system resulted in a higher level of contamination of cantaloupes compared with drip irrigation. The results indicated that UV‐C treatment could be a promising strategy in reducing the produce safety risks associated with irrigation water.
The effect of encapsulated plant extract of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) in biopolymer nanoemulsions of Lepidium perfoliatum and Orchis mascula on controlling oxidative stability of soybean oil
Authors: Rezaei Savadkouhi Negin , Ariaii Peiman , Charmchian Langerodi Mehdi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of encapsulation method on antioxidant properties of Hyssop (Hyssopus Officinalis L.) extract. The extracts of the Hyssop were obtained by ultrasound assisted techniques, and the amount of phenolic compounds was 117.43 ± 9.22 (mg of gallic acid per 100 g of extract). The antioxidant activity of extracts in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm was measured using DPPH free radical scavenging method and compared with 100 ppm of TBHQ synthetic antioxidants. The results showed that by increasing in concentration of the extract, the antioxidant activity of the extract increased. The Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum and Orchis mascula were chosen as coating material. Encapsulation was performed by emulsion production method. The antioxidant effects of nanocapsules in oil during 40 days of storage at 60°C were measured, which increased the oxidation of oil over time. The lowest amount of oil oxidation during storage compared to control samples was observed in samples containing nano encapsulated Hyssop extract due to reducing in release rate of the extract during storage and more protection of the extract. The results of this study suggest that encapsulation is an effective way to increase the antioxidant activity of the extract and could be increased the shelf life of edible oils with natural antioxidants.
Robust kernel association testing (RobKAT)
Authors: Martinez Kara , Maity Arnab , Yolken Robert H. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Tzeng Jung‐Ying 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTesting the association between single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects and a response is often carried out through kernel machine methods based on least squares, such as the sequence kernel association test (SKAT). However, these least‐squares procedures are designed for a normally distributed conditional response, which may not apply. Other robust procedures such as the quantile regression kernel machine (QRKM) restrict the choice of the loss function and only allow inference on conditional quantiles. We propose a general and robust kernel association test with a flexible choice of the loss function, no distributional assumptions, and has SKAT and QRKM as special cases. We evaluate our proposed robust association test (RobKAT) across various data distributions through a simulation study. When errors are normally distributed, RobKAT controls type I error and shows comparable power with SKAT. In all other distributional settings investigated, our robust test has similar or greater power than SKAT. Finally, we apply our robust testing method to data from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) clinical trial to detect associations between selected genes including the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome six and neurotropic herpesvirus antibody levels in schizophrenia patients. RobKAT detected significant association with four SNP sets (HST1H2BJ, MHC, POM12L2, and SLC17A1), three of which were undetected by SKAT.
3D MHD cross flow over an exponential stretching porous surface
Authors: Nayak Manoj Kumar , Pandey Vinay Shankar , Tripathi Dharmendra , Akbar Noreen Sher , Makinde Oluwole D 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study aims to investigate the effects of thermal‐diffusion and diffusion‐thermo onan magnetohydrodynamic convective flow of viscous fluids over an exponentially stretching sheet. Thermal radiation effects are also considered in the study. This analysis is carried out in three dimensions and a similarity transformation is adopted to get a set of ordinary differential equations from a set of partial differential equations. And the Fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta method and shooting technique along with the secant method are employed to find out an iterative solution. We also analyze here the influence of the variable magnetic field, nonuniform permeability and variable chemical reaction on the fluid flow. The impact of various pertinent parameters of interest has extensively been explored through graphs and tables. The major findings of the present study are that resistive Lorentz force diminishes the fluid velocity and uplifts the thermal as well as concentration fields. Inclusion of porous matrix improves the viscous drag force which in turn augments wall shear stresses and peters out the heat and mass transfer rates from the sheet. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficient has an inverse relation with temperature.
Enhancing multivariate pattern analysis for magnetoencephalography through relevant sensor selection
Authors: Hatamimajoumerd Elaheh , Talebpour Alireza , Mohsenzadeh Yalda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile the popularity of multivariate pattern classification is growing rapidly in magnetoencephalography (MEG) data analysis, the analysis pipelines used by the neuroscience community are still missing some fundamental machine‐learning techniques and principles that would increase their effectiveness. Here, we show that MEG decoding accuracy improves significantly with the addition of feature selection methods to the analysis pipeline. We compare one unsupervised and two supervised feature reduction methods in the current study. Our results show that supervised feature selection methods like statistical dependency and mutual information improve decoding performance and attain higher session‐to‐session reliability compared to unsupervised dimensionality reduction methods like principal component analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the selected sensors in the data related to a visual task at each time point are consistent with the pattern reflecting the sweep of information in the ventral visual pathway.
Stability enhancement of lead‐free CsSnI3 perovskite photodetector with reductive ascorbic acid additive
Authors: Cao Fengren , Tian Wei , Wang Meng , Wang Min , Li Liang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLead‐free tin‐based perovskites have attracted widespread research interest due to their nontoxicity and potential commercialization. However, their practical application is limited by high density of intrinsic defects and easy oxidation of Sn2+ in ambient environment. To address these issues, we demonstrate an environment‐friendly stable broadband photodetector based on CsSnI3 perovskite with conventional SnF2 and reducing agent ascorbic acid additive. Through optimizing the concentration of ascorbic acid, the optimal device reveals high responsivity (0.257 A W−1), fast response speed (0.35/1.6 ms), and excellent stability. The properties are comparable to most previously reported lead‐free perovskite photodetectors. The enhanced performance is mainly due to the fact that ascorbic acid promotes the crystal growth, suppresses the formation of Sn4+, and makes it have good semiconductivity rather than metallicity.image
Extended Enterprise Model for PSS Within a Systems Engineering Perspective
Authors: Harrat Mourad , Maleki Elaheh , Belkadi Farouk , Bernard Alain 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTToday, firms are adopting Product‐Service Systems (PSS) business models requiring new designing, producing, and consuming methods. Systems engineering is a promising solution addressing the PSS development and life cycle management complexity. Following this perspective, this paper focuses on organizational capabilities representation as part of the PSS enabling systems. Two UML diagrams propose to clarify the structure and to characterize the collaborative processes behind this virtual organization. The proposed systems engineering based modeling framework functions as a background for the design and management of collaborations along the PSS life cycle.
Monocytes treated with ciprofloxacin and oxyLDL express myristate, priming atherosclerosis
Authors: Binesh Ambika , Devaraj Sivasitambaram Niranjali , Halagowder Devaraj 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAntibiotics are essential in many life‐threatening diseases. On the other hand, improper use of antibiotics can be disastrous. Cell morphological changes were observed in the ciprofloxacin‐treated cells starting at 48 hours. Changes in cell morphology were continuously observed up to 14 days, which showed gradual morphological changes from monocyte to plaque‐like cells at day 12, and foam cell, which is an intermediate stage in atherosclerosis was observed at day 8, which was confirmed with Oil Red O staining. Flow cytometry data revealed that oxidized LDL (oxyLDL)‐induced cells showed 60.16% of CD64 (proinflammatory macrophage markers) and no expression of CD23 (anti‐inflammatory macrophage markers), whereas ciprofloxacin‐treated cells expressed 67.97% of CD64 and 13.78% of CD23. Chemokine antibody array analysis revealed that ciprofloxacin exposed cells showed a proinflammatory role (ENA78, Eotaxin1, Eotaxin2, IP‐10, MIG, MIP‐3β, SDF‐1β, TECK, CXCL16, and Fractalkine). Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) revealed that myristic acid was incorporated into a protein with 68 kDa molecular mass in exposing oxyLDL‐induced monocytes with ciprofloxacin, which could be a reason for the observed foam cells and in vitro plaque formation. As myristic acid primes atherosclerosis, it is better to limit the intake of antibiotics like ciprofloxacin for common illness, specifically the high‐risk patients, which may contribute to atherosclerosis.
Integrating crisis response planning for suicide prevention into trauma‐focused treatments: A military case example
Authors: Rozek David C. , Bryan Craig J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivePosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors are common in military members and veterans and produce anxiety for many clinicians. Although there are separate interventions for PTSD and elevated suicide risk, there is not much guidance on how to integrate these approaches. Crisis response planning (CRP) is an evidence‐based tool used to prevent suicide attempts that can easily be integrated into trauma‐focused therapies for patients with PTSD.MethodGiven the high frequency of suicidal thoughts among patients with PTSD, the current paper discusses how CRP can be integrated into trauma‐focused therapy. A clinical case example is provided to demonstrate how the CRP can be integrated into cognitive processing therapy for a suicidal veteran diagnosed with PTSD.ResultsUsing CRP within a cognitive processing therapy treatment program reduced both PTSD and suicidal ideation.ConclusionsSuicide specific treatments can be integrated effectively into trauma‐focused treatments.
A five‐sample confirmatory factor analytic study of burnout‐depression overlap
Authors: Bianchi Renzo , Schonfeld Irvin Sam , Verkuilen Jay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveIt has been asserted that burnout—a condition ascribed to unresolvable job stress—should not be mistaken for a depressive syndrome. In this confirmatory factor analytic study, the validity of this assertion was examined.MethodsFive samples of employed individuals, recruited in Switzerland and France, were mobilized for this study (N = 3,113). Burnout symptoms were assessed with the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Measure, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)—General Survey, and the MBI for Educators. Depressive symptoms were measured with the PHQ‐9.ResultsIn all five samples, the latent factors pertaining to burnout's components correlated on average more highly with the latent Depression factor than with each other, even with fatigue‐related items removed from the PHQ‐9. Second‐order factor analyses indicated that the latent Depression factor and the latent factors pertaining to burnout's components were reflective of the same overarching factor.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the burnout‐depression distinction is artificial.
Prevalence of active infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 in patients with high‐risk human papillomavirus infection: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Bahena‐Román M. , Sánchez‐Alemán M. A. , Contreras‐Ochoa C. O. , Lagunas‐Martínez A. , Olamendi‐Portugal M. , López‐Estrada G. , Delgado‐Romero K. , Guzmán‐Olea E. , Madrid‐Marina V. , Torres‐Poveda K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim is to determine the prevalence of active infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) among Mexican women with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) cervical infection, recruited from public gynecology and colposcopy services. In a cross‐sectional study, HSV‐2 antibodies, HSV‐2 DNA, and HR‐HPV DNA were quantified. Significant differences in HSV‐2 seroprevalence and HSV‐2 active infection rates were found between negative and positive HR‐HPV cases. HSV‐2 seroprevalence was 28.15% and 16.1% (P = .0001), while HSV‐2 active infection rates were 6.83% and 0.62% (P = .001) for positive and negative HR‐HPV groups, respectively. The risk of HSV‐2 seropositivity was 1.7 times greater for HR‐HPV‐positive cases (P = .02). Similarly, HR‐HPV‐positive cases were nine times more likely to have an HSV‐2 active infection than HR‐HPV‐negative cases (P = .03). High HSV‐2/h‐HPV coinfection rates were observed among women recruited from public gynecology and colposcopy services. The main factors related to an HSV‐2 active infection are a history of risky sexual behavior and HR‐HPV infection. The prevalence of HSV‐2 active infection among positive HR‐HPV subjects indicate that these infections constitute an important group of STIs in Mexico.
Serological screening of West Nile virus among blood donors in northern Cyprus
Authors: Balaman Nagat , Gazi Umut , Imir Turgut , Sanlidag Tamer , Ruh Emrah , Tosun Ozgur , Ozkul Aykut , Taylan‐Ozkan Aysegul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWest Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic arbovirus that can also be transmitted through blood transfusion. Even though its geographic distribution has been expanding, there has not yet been any epidemiological data on WNV in northern Cyprus. The aim of our study is to fill this gap by using donated blood samples.MethodsSamples collected from the main government hospital blood bank in Nicosia were analyzed by anti‐WNV enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (immunoglobulin M [IgM] and immunoglobulin G [IgG]). Seropositive samples were subjected to plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for confirmation and analyzed by ELISA IgG avidity test and reverse transcription real‐time polymerase chain reaction (rRT‐PCR).ResultsOf the 760 sera samples, 2 (0.3%) were IgM+ and 31 (4.1%) were IgG+. Neutralization activity was detected in none (0.0%) of the IgM+ and 26 (83.9%) of IgG+ donor specimens. ELISA IgG avidity test reported high avidity in 21 (67.7%) and low avidity in one (3.2%) IgG+ sample. PRNT‐confirmed anti‐WNV IgG+ samples exhibited only borderline (19.2%) or high avidity (80.8%) values. rRT‐PCR results were negative for both IgM+ and IgG+ samples.ConclusionAnti‐WNV antibodies were detected in northern Cyprus among blood donors. The establishment of preventive measures and evaluation of the geographic extent of the WNV in northern Cyprus are highly recommended.
A broadband small‐signal model extraction methodology over 0.2‐220 GHz for bulk FinFETs in RF CMOS technology
Authors: Zhou Wenyong , Liu Jun , Chen Zhanfei , Sun Lingling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study presents a physical‐based broadband radio frequency (RF) small‐signal equivalent circuit model (ECM) for triple‐gate (TG) bulk fin field‐effect transistors (FinFETs) and its extraction methodology. To increase model accuracy and extend the effective frequency band, substrate effect, test ground‐signal‐ground (G‐S‐G) pads, and metal interconnection parasitics are considered together in the transistor model. All the elements in the model are extracted from a combination of analysis and physical equations using multibias scattering parameters. On the basis of the proposed model, the simulation results correspond to the measured results in the frequency range from 200 MHz to 220 GHz without any complex fitting or optimization steps.
Evaluation of multi‐site precipitation generators across scales
Authors: Tseng Shao‐Chun , Chen Chia‐Jeng , Senarath Sharika U. S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrecipitation generators that are able to simulate long‐term, continuous rainfall records, with the observed statistics preserved, have shown great utility in numerous hydro‐climatic applications. This study adopts precipitation generators from four open‐source or freely available weather generators (WGs), namely the modified Wilks approach, Multi‐site weather Generator of École de Technologie Supérieure (MulGETS), Stochastic Climate Library (SCL) and Weather GENerator (WGEN) to evaluate their performance in simulating rainfall in Taiwan. The evaluation of the precipitation generators, based on various performance metrics, is carried out at two watersheds and the entire island to reflect seasonal weather systems of distinct spatial scales and correlation structure. To further dissect the heavy‐rain distributions, rainfall data that exceed 80 mm/day are extracted and assessed by quantile–quantile (Q–Q) plots. While none of the WGs can always outperform the others, MulGETS has the advantage of preserving most of the observed statistics and producing reasonable Q–Q plots. In contrast, the SCL results exhibit a heavier tail owing to positive biases in the simulated rainfall standard deviation and wet‐day frequency. Hydrological simulations driven by the generated rainfall data reveal more comparable percentiles in the low‐flow regime. Besides, although being a single‐site WG with no spatial correlation preserved, WGEN is useful for applications in small watersheds. Our findings indicate that merging generated rainfall data from different WGs by seasons can provide better support for WG‐related applications.
Local concentrations of gentamicin obtained by microdialysis after a controlled application of a GentaColl sponge in a porcine model
Authors: Thomassen Maja B. , Hanberg Pelle , Stilling Maiken , Petersen Klaus K. , Søballe Kjeld , Krag Lasse B. , Højskov Carsten S. , Bue Mats 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLocal treatment with gentamicin may be an important tool in the prevention and treatment of surgical site infections in high‐risk procedures and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of gentamicin in bone and surrounding tissue, released from a controlled application of a GentaColl sponge in a porcine model. In eight female pigs, a GentaColl sponge of 10 × 10 cm (1.3 mg gentamicin/cm2) was placed in a cancellous bone cavity in the proximal tibia. Microdialysis was used for sampling of gentamicin concentrations over 48 hours from the cavity with the implanted GentaColl sponge, cancellous bone parallel to the cavity over and under the epiphyseal plate, cortical bone, the intramedullary canal, subcutaneous tissue, and the joint cavity of the knee. Venous blood samples were obtained as reference. The main finding was a mean peak drug concentration (95% CI) of gentamicin in the cancellous bone cavity containing the implanted GentaColl sponge of 11 315 (9049‐13 581) μg/mL, persisting above 1000 μg/mL until approximately 40 hours after application. Moreover, the concentrations were low (<1 μg/mL) in the surrounding tissues as well as in plasma. The mean peak gentamicin concentration from the cancellous bone cavity after a controlled application of a GentaColl sponge was high and may be adequate for the prevention of biofilm formation. However, high MIC strains and uncontrolled application of the GentaColl sponge may jeopardize this conclusion.