bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic Screening of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Public Health Need for India
Authors: Mohan Priya , Richardson Ann , Potter John D. , Coope Patricia , Paterson Margaret 
Published: May 2020

PURPOSEOral cancer (OC) is the leading cancer in 25% of Indian cancer registries, and 80% of OCs are diagnosed in advanced stages. OC screening is a topic of debate. Studies from other countries have used a variety of study designs as OC screening strategies. There are not many studies from India on strategic screening, and there is a need to review the literature to provide insights and knowledge about screening programs. The purpose of this narrative review is to present broad epidemiologic evidence on the OC burden in India, to discuss and summarize the currently available evidence for OC screening strategies, and to highlight a feasible opportunistic screening strategy for addressing OC burden in India.METHODSMedline and EMBASE were used to identify articles. Data from GLOBOCAN and government reports were obtained from websites. As many key concepts and divergent views cannot be addressed with a single research question, a narrative review was considered appropriate, but to ensure a comprehensive literature search, a systematic review search strategy was used.RESULTSOC rates are rising more rapidly in India than projected. Wide variations in OC incidence within India reflect regional diversity of risk factors. Studies abroad have demonstrated the feasibility of opportunistic screening of oral potentially malignant disorders by dentists; however, although recommendations exist in India, no studies of opportunistic screening by dentists have been reported.CONCLUSIONThe projected major increases in the OC burden necessitate an OC screening program; opportunistic screening of high-risk groups by dentists using oral visual examination is recommended as a cost-effective strategy. As a way forward, a pilot project to assess the feasibility of regional opportunistic screening is in progress.
Preseason Screen Cannot Predict Injury over Three Years of College Football
Authors: MORTENSEN BARTLEY B. , MITCHELL ULRIKE H. , JOHNSON A. WAYNE , FELLINGHAM GILBERT W. , FELAND J. BRENT , MYRER J. WILLIAM 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate if the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) total score, individual component test scores, or number of asymmetries can predict noncontact injury risk over three consecutive seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football.

Methods
Because football teams comprise individuals with vastly different physical characteristics and playing responsibilities, we divided the subjects into three homogeneous groups based on position (big, combo, and skill). Each FMS score was assessed with regard to the total team score and by individual position groups. For our injury analysis, we also controlled for exposure. Two hundred and eight National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes participated over three consecutive seasons, yielding a total of 343 observations.

Results
There was no significant relationship between total FMS score and likelihood of injury when analyzed by the total team or by position group. These findings were the same for all groups, for both the total number of injuries and injuries weighted by injury exposure. The only significant findings occurred when we considered individual test item scores to injury by position group. We only found a significant relationship in the expected direction with push-up stability in the combo group.

Conclusions
FMS was not a good predictor of noncontact injury.
The Influence of the Frontal Surface Area and Swim Velocity Variation in Front Crawl Active Drag
Authors: MORAIS JORGE E. , SANDERS ROSS H. , PAPIC CHRISTOPHER , BARBOSA TIAGO M. , MARINHO DANIEL A. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The aims of this study were to 1) compare active drag (D
a) calculation between a single land-based measurement of frontal surface area (FSA) and in-water FSA measures obtained at key events of the arm pull (1, right upper-limb catch; 2, right upper-limb insweep; 3, right upper-limb exit and left upper-limb catch; 4, left upper-limb insweep; and 5, left upper-limb exit and right upper-limb catch) at front crawl swimming, and 2) compare mechanical power variables computed based on these two approaches.

Methods
Seventeen swimmers (11, male; 6, female; 16.15 ± 0.94 yr old) were recruited. The FSA was measured based on two approaches: (i) nonvariation, that is, assuming a constant value, and (ii) variation, that is, calculated in each key event of the front crawl swim. Active drag based on a nonvariation of the FSA was measured using the Velocity Perturbation method. Active drag based on a variation approach was measured in each key event of the front crawl according to the law of linear motion. Paired t-test (P ≤ 0.05), simple linear regression models, and Bland–Altman plots between assessment methods (variation vs nonvariation) were computed.

Results
The FSA (variation) was higher than when assuming a nonvariation (0.1110 ± 0.010 vs 0.0968 ± 0.010 m2, Δ = 15.69%, t = 4.40, P < 0.001, d = 0.95). Active drag (variation) was also significantly higher than when assuming a nonvariation (88.44 ± 25.92 vs 75.41 ± 15.11 N, Δ = 16.09%, t = 3.66, P = 0.002, d = 0.61).

Conclusions
Besides the FSA, swim velocity also changes during the front crawl arm pull. The variation of both variables had a significant effect on the active drag measurement and consequently on mechanical power and total power input variables.
Discovering a new anatomy: exploration of oral mucosa with ultra-high frequency ultrasound
Authors: Izzetti Rossana , Vitali Saverio , Aringhieri Giacomo , Oranges Teresa , Dini Valentina , Nisi Marco , Graziani Filippo , Gabriele Mario , Caramella Davide 
Published: May 2020

Objectives: Ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) is a recently developed diagnostic technique involving the use of ultrasound frequencies up to 70 MHz, allowing to obtain 30 µm resolution of targets located within 1 cm from the surface. Oral mucosa can be affected by diverse pathological conditions, which are currently investigated by means of clinical examination. In this scenario, intraoral UHFUS can provide additional information and support clinical assessment of oral mucosa. In this preliminary study, typical features of normal oral mucosa are described, in order to set a benchmark for the future identification of oral soft tissue alterations. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects (10 males and 10 females, mean age 30 years) were enrolled and underwent intraoral UHFUS examination. In all the subjects, tongue, buccal mucosa, gingiva, lip mucosa, and palate were scanned, and images acquired. Intraoral UHFUS scan included Brightness-mode and Doppler mode acquisitions performed with a standardized protocol. UHFUS images were postprocessed and analyzed using a dedicated software. UHFUS-based biomarkers (epithelial thickness, echogenicity, and vascularization) were employed for image description. Results: Normal oral anatomy of the different sites analyzed was described. For all the sites, UHFUS biomarkers were characterized, and information on typical aspect of oral mucosa was retrieved. Conclusions: In this explorative study, we suggest a potential role for intraoral UHFUS in the study of oral mucosa, giving insights into the possibility to improve the assessment, diagnosis, and management of the conditions involving oral mucosa. UHFUS seems a promising tool, which could potentially support clinical examination in daily oral medicine practice.
How shall we treat locally advanced triple negative breast cancer?
Authors: Luz Paulo , Dias David , Fortuna Ana , Bretes Luis , Gosalbez Beatriz 
Published: May 2020

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been shown to respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). It has been established that achieving pathological complete response (pCR) for certain aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, including HER-2 (over-expressed) and TNBC, provides an important surrogate marker for predicting long-term clinical response and survival outcomes. How to increase the number of patients that achieve pCR remains challenging. Platinum-based NACT seems to be part of the solution and capecitabine, an active drug in metastatic breast cancer, but not a standard one in earlier stages may have found its place in the adjuvant setting. In the near future immunotherapy can play a role in early TNBC
E-cigarette use and onset of first cigarette smoking among adolescents: An empirical test of the ‘common liability’ theory
Authors: Cheng Hui G. , Largo Edward G. , Gogova Maria 
Published: May 2020

Background: E-cigarettes have become the most commonly used tobacco products among youth in the United States (US) recently. It is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between e-cigarette use and the onset of cigarette smoking. The “common liability” theory postulates that the association between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking can be attributed to a common risk construct of using tobacco products. This study aims to investigate the relationship between ever e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking onset in the US using a structural equation modeling approach guided by the “common liability” theory. Methods: The study population is non-institutionalized civilian adolescents living in the US, sampled in the longitudinal Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study. Information about tobacco product use was obtained via confidential self-report. A structural equation modeling approach was used to estimate the relationship between e-cigarette use at wave 1 and the onset of cigarette smoking at wave 2 after controlling for a latent construct representing a “common liability to use tobacco products.” Results: After controlling for a latent construct representing a “common liability to use tobacco products”, ever e-cigarette use does not predict the onset of cigarette smoking (β=0.13, 95% CI= -0.07, 0.32, p=0.204). The latent “common liability to use tobacco products” is a robust predictor for the onset of cigarette smoking (β=0.38; 95% CI=0.07, 0.69; p=0.015). Conclusions: Findings from this study provide supportive evidence for the ‘common liability’ underlying observed associations between e-cigarette use and smoking onset.
Comparison of WHO and Indonesian growth standards in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district
Authors: Flynn Jeannie , Alkaff Firas Farisi , Sukmajaya William Putera , Salamah Sovia 
Published: May 2020

Background:Undernutrition among children under five continues to be a critical global public health challenge, especially in developing countries. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the difference between WHO and Indonesian growth standards regarding prevalence of stunting and underweight and its determinants.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO and national standards. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results:The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO than the national standard (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). Determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm when the WHO standard was used, and no determinant was found when the national standard was used. Determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities when the WHO standard was used. When the national standard was used, the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education.Conclusions:The WHO standard over-diagnosed stunting and underweight in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the Indonesian standard.
Use of routinely collected data in a UK cohort of publicly funded randomised clinical trials
Authors: McKay Andrew J. , Jones Ashley P. , Gamble Carrol L. , Farmer Andrew J. , Williamson Paula R. 
Published: May 2020

Routinely collected data about health in medical records, registries and hospital activity statistics is now routinely collected in an electronic form. The extent to which such sources of data are now being routinely accessed to deliver efficient clinical trials, is unclear. The aim of this study was to ascertain current practice amongst a United Kingdom (UK) cohort of recently funded and ongoing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in relation to sources and use of routinely collected outcome data. Recently funded and ongoing RCTs were identified for inclusion by searching the National Institute for Health Research journals library. Trials that have a protocol available were assessed for inclusion and those that use or plan to use routinely collected health data for at least one outcome were included. Routinely collected data sources and outcome information were extracted. A total of 279 studies were identified with 102 eligible for data extraction. An Electronic Health Record (EHR) was the sole source of outcome data for at least one outcome in 46 trials. The most frequent sources are Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Office for National Statistics (ONS), with the most common outcome data to be extracted being on mortality, hospital admission, and health service resource use. Our study has found that around half of publicly funded trials in a UK cohort plan to collect outcome data from routinely collected data sources. This is much higher than the figure of 8% found in a cohort of 189 RCTs published since 2000, the majority of were carried out in North America (McCord et al., 2019).
ENTRE O SERTÃO E O CERRADO: PARALELISMOS E DISPARIDADES
Authors: Marques Ana Rosa , Bueno Maria Lídia 
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho aborda aspectos do universo cultural das populações que habitam o sertão sul do estado do Maranhão, bem como sua relação com a natureza. Apresenta o sertanejo que realiza sua ligação com o mundo por meio da roça para subsistência, da extração de recursos naturais do cerrado e da criação de gado sua territorialidade impressa na paisagem por meio da cultura e da convivência com o ambiente. O sertanejo revela-se como inspiração para outro modelo de desenvolvimento, pautado no uso racional dos recursos. Aborda a autonomia desses povos que vivem há mais de um século nesta região. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Espera-se contribuir com o conhecimento e a valorização dessa cultura.
GEOGRAFÍA Y RELIGIÓN: CONTEXTUALIZACIÓN Y ENCUENTRO CON NUEVAS PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: GALLO CÉSAR EDUARDO MEDINA 
Published: May 2020

Reseña: Olson, E., Hopkins, P., & Kong, L. “Introduction – Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics, and Piety”. En Hopkins, P., Kong, L., & Olson, E. (Eds.). (2012). Religion and place: Landscape, politics and piety. Springer Science & Business Media
PERFORMANCE E MÚSICA: POSSIBILIDADES DE TROCAS AFETIVAS E DE OCUPAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO NO FESTIVAL ATIVISTA DE FANFARRAS HONK! RIO 2018
Authors: Moreaux Michel 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é a análise das possibilidades sonoras e afetivas oriundas de certas performances de grupos de fanfarra que participaram do festival ativista de fanfarras Honk! Rio em 2018. Cabe questionar em qual medida isso participa de formas de ocupação mais potentes do espaço público. O foco deste trabalho são as performances que ocorreram durante a edição de 2018. O trabalho de campo, de cunho etnográfico, foi realizado durante o festival, com base em entrevistas com o público, músicos, organizadores e vendedores ambulantes, além de coleta de observações do campo e também se apresentando em algumas ocasiões. Inicialmente, será apresentada a trajetória do movimento Honk!, de Sommerville (Estados Unidos) até o Rio de Janeiro, relacionando como a noção de performance se estabelece como viés de análise deste estudo. Em seguida, serão abordados aspectos das performances que ocorreram no Honk! Rio, discutindo a experiência dos músicos participantes do festival. Por fim, serão retratadas duas performances específicas, com o objetivo de expor as possibilidades oriundas da mistura de linguagens artísticas e da performance como ato político.
Os encapsuladores e seu papel textual/discursivo
Authors: Morais Margareth Andrade 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o uso textual discursivo de anáforas encapsuladoras, à luz de aspectos sociodiscursivos e sociointeracionais, ampliando, assim, compreensão do papel desse elemento. Traçamos um panorama teórico dos estudos de referenciação, considerado como um processo sociocognitivo de construção de sentidos, seguindo os estudos atuais de Linguística de Texto, conforme já apontaram Mondada e Dubois (2003), Cavalcante (2011), Santos e Cavalcante (2014), dentre outros autores. Com base nesses autores, serão analisadas notícias esportivas mostrando como os encapsuladores atuam na construção do texto, marcando pontos de vista e construindo sentidos, para além da classificação tradicional desse processo de referenciação.
FOTONAKIRIGRAFIAS: NARRATIVAS DE UMA ÁFRICA
Authors: Mendes Geoésley Negreiros 
Published: May 2020

Fotografia: “escrita/narrativa” com luz. Fotonakirigrafia: “escrita/narrativa” com luz dos que são “de outro lado” e estão em travessias/movimentos. Por volta do século XIII, nakirikai foi uma marca dada a todas as pessoas que “moravam de um lado” e faziam travessias para “o outro lado” da península que abriga atualmente a capital da República da Guiné. Nessas travessias cotidianas, e nos encontros que elas necessariamente provocavam, os nakirikai compartilhavam uns com os outros suas histórias, culturas, saberes e conhecimentos. Parte de uma produção de mais de 2000 imagens, as fotografias com as quais aqui nos encontramos são chamadas de fotonakirigrafias pela sua potência de provocar deslocamentos ao trazerem outros saberes de/com África, contando outras histórias dessas populações africanas geralmente narradas por flashes e lentes eurocêntricas/coloniais/racistas. Todas elas foram feitas por meninas e meninos estudantes do 4º ao 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da Guiné, no início de 2014, no contexto de uma pesquisa de Mestrado em Educação, no âmbito do ProPEd/UERJ, que tinha como foco compreender o discurso “escola é coisa de branco”. Arranhar, tensionar, problematizar, as ideias estagnadas, pretensiosamente acabadas, de escola em África, bem como infância em África, infâncias negras, educação em África, e da própria vida, faz parte da função política, cultural e educativa das fotonakirigrafias. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fotonakirigrafias. Estudantes de Guiné. Narrativas. África. Educação.
TRANÇANDO IDENTIDADES: O CABELO DA MULHER NEGRA EM ESSE CABELO DE DJAIMILIA PEREIRA DE ALMEIDA E AMERICANAH DE CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE
Authors: Campos Paulino Silvia , Paulino Simone Campos 
Published: May 2020

O artigo busca, através das histórias dos cabelos de mulheres negras, presentes nos livros Esse Cabelo: A tragicomédia de um cabelo crespo que cruza fronteiras (2015), de Djamilia Pereira de Almeida e Americanah (2014) de Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, discutir a identidade e necessidade de descolonização do pensamento na construção e desconstrução da autoimagem da mulher negra. Para tanto, estabelecemos diálogos com Bauman (2013), Hall (2013), Bhabha (1998), Spivak (2005) e Fanon (2008) para discutir os constructos identitários de sujeitos subalternos, pós-modernos e pós-coloniais, trançando a subjetividade de mulheres negras na diáspora moderna.
UM DEFEITO DE COR” E A NECESSIDADE DE DEBATER A ESCRAVIDÃO DA MULHER NEGRA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Rocha Telma , Golveia da Silva Brandão Cleyton Williams , Silva de Jesus Isla 
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a escravização da mulher negra no Brasil e a metamorfose desta enquanto sujeito sociocultural e político. O texto dedicar-se-á revelar as sequelas dos prolixos e padecidos anos de exploração e misoginia que afetaram e ainda afetam as mulheres negras, evidenciando a importância da presença desse debate na educação básica brasileira, conforme prevê a Lei nº 11.645/08 que diz “[...] nos estabelecimentos de ensino fundamental e de ensino médio, públicos e privados, torna-se obrigatório o estudo da história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena” (BRASIL, 2008). O estudo será feito a partir da ótica de Gonçalves (2011), presente no livro “Um Defeito de Cor”, que narra a história de Kehinde, uma mulher negra e africana que foi sequestrada na África, ainda criança, por traficantes de escravos e trazida para o Brasil. Discussões que permeiam as violências simbólicas, preconceito, machismo e racismo farão parte dessa produção, bem como as vivências da mulher escravizada em solo brasileiro no século XIX, espaço e tempo da obra em questão. A criticidade sobre as concepções da falsa superioridade de raças impostas no século XVI e ratificadas pela sociedade contemporânea resulta na reflexão do espaço da mulher negra, de sua luta cotidiana e do seu poder de ruptura de fundamentos do patriarcado brasileiro. A partir dessa análise, tem-se por carência tecer os (desa)fios que o racismo impõe. Destaca-se a importância de revisitar questões, como a descolonização, na educação básica brasileira.
Editorial
Authors: Matos Armanda Pinto da Mota , Oliveira Albertina Lima de , Seixas Ana Maria , Barreira Carlos Folgado , Gaspar Maria Filomena , Bidarra Maria da Graça 
Published: May 2020

Várias publicações têm sido dedicadas à formação de professores, em particular à formação inicial, baseadas em investigações que conduziram à caracterização e análise comparativa de diferentes modelos e à identificação de alguns problemas e necessidades de mudança, bem como à procura de critérios definidores de qualidade. Atualmente, na sequência do Processo de Bolonha, que constituiu uma oportunidade histórica para a introdução de alterações significativas no panorama do ensino superior, designadamente em Portugal, registaram-se alterações naconfiguração dos cursos que habilitam para o acesso à docência. Com efeito, o Processo de Bolonha veio relançar a atenção sobre a formação inicial de professores, um pouco desvalorizada durante a última década do século XX, mais focalizada na formação contínua e especializada. (...).
What is Anti-Literature?
Authors: Santos Tiago 
Published: May 2020

Review of Adam Joseph Shellhorse, Anti-Literature: The Politics and Limits of Representation in Modern Brazil and Argentina, Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg Press, 2017. 258 pp. ISBN 978-0-8229-6447-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_7-1_18
A interface como construção tecnológica e cultural
Authors: Noll Gisele 
Published: May 2020

Recensão crítica de Christian Ulrik Andersen e Søren Bro Pold, The Metainterface: The Art of Platforms, Cities and Clouds. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2018. Kindle Edition, Location 6162. ISBN: 978-0262037945.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_7-1_19
Recensão: JORGE DE SENA E CAMÕES. TRINTA ANOS DE AMOR E MELANCOLIA — VÍTOR AGUIAR E SILVA
Authors: Cardoso Bernardes José Augusto 
Published: May 2020

Recensão crítica de VÍTOR AGUIAR E SILVA. JORGE DE SENA E CAMÕES. TRINTA ANOS DE AMOR E MELANCOLIA. Coimbra, Angelus Novus, 2009. 189 páginas. ISBN: 9789728827632.