bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post puerulus of scalloped spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus 1758) rearing in floating net cage with different artificial diet
Authors: Slamet B , Rusdi I , Giri A , Haryanti  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) is an export commodity and high economic value in Asian-Pacific markets. The purpose of this study was to determine the best artificial feed for scalloped spiny lobster nursery in floating net cage. The nursery was conducted using 9 floating net cage 1 × 1 × 1 m in size with three treatments and 3 replicates. Three different artificial diets were used as treatments, i.e.: A, commercial pellet for grouper, with higher protein level (53.56%) but lower stability, less durable in water and will break within 3-4 hours after administration; B, commercial pellet for shrimp, with lower protein level (33.07%) but higher stability, will break within 10-12 hours after administration and C: pellet formula IMRAD Gondol, with middle protein level (46.51%) and higher stability, will break within 10-12 hours after administration.The post puerulus with total length 2.1±0.18 cm and body weight 0.28±0.04 g was reared at density of 100 ind/cage. A complete random design was used as an experiment design and analyzed by ANOVA. Feeding were given twice a day, 5% of biomass/day. The study was conducted for 4 months. The sampling of survival rate, total length and body weight were conducted every month and total haemocyte on the end of experimentwas measured. The result showed that there was significant different (P<0.05) for survival rate, but not significant different (P>0.05) among treatments for growth of total length and body weight. The best survival rate was on treatment C (39.0%), followed by treatment A (29.7%): and treatment B (16.7%). The number of haemocyte was almost the same between treatments with total haemocyte 250-285 x 104 per ml. From these results it can be concluded that pellet formula IMRAD Gondol can be used for rearing of scallop spiny lobster post puerulus.
Vertebral ossification, growth, and survival of nilem carp, Osteochilus hasselti larvae using shell flour of local mussel, Pilsbryocancha exilis
Authors: Setiadi E , Rahayu S Y S , Hermawan M , Taufik I , Ardi I 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nilem carp is one of the local freshwater fish species in Indonesia that has an economical value. The present study was to determine the optimal of water hardness level on the vertebral ossification, growth, and survival of nilem carp larvae. The four treatments of hardness level with 3 replicates applied using A) 80 mg/L (control), B) 100 mg/L, C) 120 mg/L, and D) 140 mg/L on one day old. Larvae were reared in the fiber tanks with the density of 40 larvae/L fed with artemia and artificial diet. The parameters observed were the vertebrae ossification, absolute length, absolute weight, and survival. The result showed that the best vertebrae ossification, absolute length, absolute weight, and survival was found at water hardness with concentration of 120 mg/L compared to the others treatments (P<0.05) under optimal range of temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen during the rearing period. The use of shell flour of local mussel (P. exilis) in the rearing water media is very important to support vertebrae ossification, growth, and survival of nilem carp larvae.
Investigating the effects of urban input on the abundance and diversity of potential bio-floc forming bacteria in the River Murray, South Australia
Authors: Kurniawan K , Wheeler R , Dann L M , Mitchell J G 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Identifying members of the aquatic microbial community and their biotic and abiotic interactions are the first step in developing inocula for bio-floc starters used as aquaculture fish-feed. This research aims to identify whether a freshwater river with urban input can be used as a source of potential bio-floc forming bacteria. To identify the bacteria, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed, to determine the taxonomy and flow cytometry was employed to enumerate bacterial abundance. To resolve the complex interactions among microbes, microbial interaction networks were produced at the family level. Actinobacteria was found to be the most abundant bacterial phylum followed by Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi that suggested the river was in health condition. Microbial interaction networks revealed nutrients, particularly nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and silica, are crucial in maintaining network interactions, suggesting that urban nutrient input likely shapes the riverine microbial community. The families Actinomycetales F-ACK-M1, Rickettsiaceae, Betaproteobacteria O- SBla14 and Anaerolineae O-GCA004 demonstrated greatest network centrality, each interacting with seven first-neighbor taxa, suggesting an importance in community structure. Acetobacteraceae and Chloroflexi F-Dolo23 also exhibited network centrality and were directly linked to nitrate and nitrite, suggesting they play key roles in nitrogen cycling. Propionibacterium (44.82%) was the most dominant genera found in the Murray River followed by Anaerococcus (2.94%), and Finegoldia (2.05%). Comparison of the bacterial community comprising bio-floc and those found in the River Murray revealed that seven bacterial phyla including Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Verrumibrobia, and Chloroflexi common to bio-floc contributed to 95.8% total relative abundance in the river. However, based on genera level, there were14 bacteria genera in the river that generally present in bio-floc forming bacteria identified across all river samples constituted 4.63%. The potential bio-floc forming bacteria found mainly in downstream of the river provided various functions in the bio-floc system including producing natural flocculants to form microorganisms aggregates, a source of potential probiotics and prebiotics, nitrite oxidation and denitrification process, and degradation of organic matters.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks to forecast Litopenaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon harvests in Indramayu Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Pamungkas A , Zulkarnain R , Adiyana K , Waryanto  , Nugroho H , Saragih A S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Besides minimizing environmental impact, one of the goals of ecological intensification for aquaculture is production. Production forecasting is needed to make policies in planning, especially in terms of meeting consumer demand. This paper introduces a method to forecast the total shrimp production for Litopenaeus vannamei and Penaeus Monodon in Indramayu Regency using artificial neural networks. In this case, we used backpropagation neural networks (BPNN). BPNN is a supervised learning algorithm and usually used by perceptron with many layers to change the weights associated with the neurons in the hidden layers. During the training process, the network calculated the output that will be generated based on the given input patterns. The network assigned and adjusted the weights of the input and also the hidden layer to obtain a network with good performance. Networks with small error values close to zero indicate good performance. The criteria used to test the performance of the artificial neural networks method are the root mean squared error (RMSE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and the correlation coefficient (r). Production data obtained from the relevant government agencies were used to train the algorithms as a part of an artificial intelligence process. This artificial intelligence forecasted the shrimp’s harvest. Forecasting performance is indicated by the accuracy of the prediction process data compared to the real data. The best result for L. vannamei forecasting was obtained in the trainGD with MSE 0.0174 and MAPE 19.28%. The best results P. monodon forecasting were obtained in the TrainRP with MSE 0.0200 and MAPE 22.99%.
Parasitic and bacterial diseases in aquarium-reared Indonesian snakehead (Channa micropeltes)
Authors: Novita H , Andriyanto S , Sugiani D , Lusiastuti A M , Caruso D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Toman or Channa micropeltes has high economic potential to be cultured because of their high albumin content. This study aims to obtain information about what kinds of pathogens can infect toman fish in high-density stress (10, 20,30 fish with an average weight of 3 - 15 g and length of 8-14 cm in 20-liter aquarium) and temperatures between 26-34°C that were treated with artificial infections of Aeromonas hydrophila. The results showed that stress treatments with high density and temperature did not cause significant death in toman, or C. micropeltes. The bacteria that can be isolated from toman fish were Aeromonas sp., Moraxella lacunata, Vibrio vulfinicus, and Brevundimonas vesicularis. The parasites found in toman were Trichodina sp. (Prevalence (P) = 25%, Intensity (I) = 1), Gyrodactylus sp. (P= 35%, I= 1.4), Myxosporea sp. (P= 25%, I= 1.2), and Oodinium sp. (P= 20%, I= 7.5), which infected gills, mucus, gut, and skin. Being treated with artificial infection of A. hydrophila, toman fish were very susceptible and 100% death occurred after 24 hours of treatment. The treatment of predisposition factors in toman fish, which can prove adaptation and survival from stress conditions and the presence of the pathogen, will have an impact on the aquaculture development of toman fish so that health management will be applied in aquaculture.
The performance of tilapia culture in biofloc technology (BFT) and floating net cage (KJA) systems as a candidate for the next tilapia culture in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho E , Khakim A , Dewi R R S P S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The waste from Tilapia culture in Floating Net Cage (KJA) is suspected to be a cause of pollution in the reservoir. One alternative replacement is biofloc technology which has water efficiently and environmentally friendly. A field study on tilapia aquaculture has been carried out with a biofloc and KJA system to determine its productivity performance. The fingerling size of tilapia 10-20 g were maintained for 90 days with stocking densities of 6-80 individual/m3. Then, 30 fish were carried out for biofloc technology and 27 fish were carried out for KJA. The biofloc technology experiment was carried out in circular ponds with volume sizes of 10 and 20 m3 using probiotic bacteria. While in KJA system, the size of net cage were 172, 368, and 1800 m3. Fish were fed with commercial pellets of 5-10% biomass weights per day. The performance of biofloc technology experiment for tilapia culture were 14.81 ± 3.79 kg/m3 (productivity), 72.94 ± 8.17% (survival), 80.66 ± 11.92% (feed efficiency), 3.20 ± 0.63 g/day (ADG), and 16.353 ± 1.017 IDR/kg (production cost). While the performance of KJA technology experiment for tilapia culture were 1.72 ± 0.67 kg/m3 (productivity), 61.94 ± 12.78% (survival), 73.90 ± 7.62% (feed efficiency), 2.32 ± 0.40 g/day (ADG), and 16.168 ± 1.283 IDR/kg (production cost).
Application of environmental probiotic on rearing snakehead fish (Channa striata)
Authors: Widiyati A , Yosmaniar  , Saputra A , Prihadi T H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the application of environmental probiotic on production performance (survival rate, absolute weight and length, biomass weight and specific growth rate and blood condition level in snakehead fish (Channa striatus) rearing. The research was conducted at the Cibalagung Environmental Research and Toxicology Installation, Bogor, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three treatments, including RIFA probiotic, commercial probiotic, and without probiotic application repeated three times each experiment. Fish (weight: 6.5-6.9 ± 0.04 g) were reared in 300 L tanks with density of about 30 fish/tank. Fish were fed with commercial feed (31% protein content) about 5% biomass per day. The parameters observed were production performance, hematology, and water quality. All data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued by the Duncan test. Water quality parameters were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that RIFA probiotic treated on snakehead fish produced the best production performance compared to commercial probiotic and without probiotic applications. These results were supported by much better water quality parameters and hematology performance of the fish.
Photophysiology response of non-calcifying microalgae Chaetoceros sp. on increasing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and temperature
Authors: Sahabuddin S , Jompa J , Rukminasari N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Increased use of fossil fuels, land use change, and deforestation, causing an increase in carbon emissions in the atmosphere, is estimated to 4.1 ± 0.1 GtC year−1, it lowers the pH in the oceans, causing ocean acidification which affects the productivity of calcifying and non- calcifying phytoplankton. The study was conducted to analyze the photophysiology response of non-calcifying microalgae Chaetoceros sp on increasing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and temperature. There were 3 levels of CO2 concentration, and temperature was tested (385 ppm, 750 ppm, 1000 ppm CO2 and temperature of 30°C, 32°C and 34°C) with the factorial pattern. The results showed that increasing CO2 concentration affected the growth of daily population, peak population, the rate of cell growth, and chlorophyll content of Chaetoceros sp. The highest population growth and chlorophyll content occurred at 385 ppm CO2 and 32°C, population decreased with increasing CO2 concentration and temperature. Increasing carbon dioxide and temperature significantly affected on decrease of Chaetoceros sp productivity.
Global rainstorm multi-attribute variation and its multiscale correlation with ENSO
Authors: Kong Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research uses a variety of statistical methods to diagnose the multi-attribute time series characteristics of global rainstorms and its response to ENSO from the perspective of land-ocean differentiation. The results showed that: (1) The global, global land and global ocean rainstorm and their contribution rates showed an increasing trend from 1979 to 2016. While, the global, global land and global ocean total rainfall showed an decreasing trend. The global land total rainfall showed a distinct sectional change pattern, which first increased from 1979 to 2006 and then decreased from 2007 to 2016. The comparison between the rainstorm and the total rainfall in global land and ocean showed that the rainstorm tended to increase in both ocean and land regions from 1979 to 2016, while the weak intensity rainfall tends to decrease in the globe. (2) The global land and ocean rainstorm and total rainfall did not change consistently on multiple time scales from 1979 to 2016, but showed inverse phase or forward and lag phase correlation. Fourthly, compared with ENSO, global land (ocean) rainstorm changed earlier (lag) in high energy spectral region. Compared with ENSO changes in low energy spectral region, global land rainstorm changes were consistent or ahead of time, while global ocean rainstorm changes were mainly ahead of time compared with ENSO changes.
MXene-PVA thin film for efficient all-optical modulator and all-optical signal processing with high performances
Authors: Wang Cong , Wang Yunzheng , Huang Weichun , Hu Lanping , Tang Yanfeng , Liu Jie , Fu Songnian , Wang Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
All-optical modulation has been regarded as an effective method to solve the electrical bandwidth bottleneck problems existing in the current telecommunication network. By taking advantage of high photothermal conversion of two-dimensional (2D) MXene, a high-performance all-optical modulator is demonstrated. The polarization-dependent all-optical modulator exhibits a broadband intensity modulation behavior with a modulation depth of 15 dB. The response time of such all-optical modulator is approximately ten times than that of fiber-type MZI/MI-assisted all-optical modulator based on the thermal-optic effect. Besides, an all-optical information loading with a bit rate of 400 bit s−1 is successfully achieved. Therefore, it is anticipated that the all-optical modulator with the advanced optical structures and excellent 2D materials has extraordinary potentials for future optical information processing.
Developing a photonic hardware platform for brain-inspired computing based on 5 × 5 VCSEL arrays
Authors: Heuser T , Pflüger M , Fischer I , Lott J A , Brunner D , Reitzenstein S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Brain-inspired computing concepts like artificial neural networks have become promising alternatives to classical von Neumann computer architectures. Photonic neural networks target the realizations of neurons, network connections and potentially learning in photonic substrates. Here, we report the development of a nanophotonic hardware platform of fast and energy-efficient photonic neurons via arrays of high-quality vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The developed 5 × 5 VCSEL arrays provide high optical injection locking efficiency through homogeneous fabrication combined with individual control over the laser wavelengths. Injection locking is crucial for the reliable processing of information in VCSEL-based photonic neurons, and we demonstrate the suitability of the VCSEL arrays by injection locking measurements and current-induced spectral fine-tuning. We find that our investigated array can readily be tuned to the required spectral homogeneity, and as such show that VCSEL arrays based on our technology can act as highly energy efficient and ultra-fast photonic neurons for next generation photonic neural networks. Combined with fully parallel photonic networks our substrates are promising for ultra-fast operation reaching 10 s of GHz bandwidths, and we show that a single non-linear transformation based on our lasers will consume only about 100 fJ per VCSEL, which is highly competitive, compared to other platforms.
Solvothermal synthesis of C doped Co-Cu/TiO2 based nanocomposite to study their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Singh Virender , Kumar Suresh , Chauhan Nikhil , Saharan Baljeet Singh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The solvothermal approach is applied to produce doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the mesoporous form using Pluronic F127 as a delicate mold. The formulated samples are investigated successfully via x-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive x-ray, transmission electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Analysis of XRD, SEM, and TEM demonstrates the existence of a nanocrystalline size range of the particles. Methylene blue, congo red, and malachite green dyes are used to evaluate the photocatalytic competence of the samples. The results verified that the TiO2 including a peak quantity of copper (4%) shows maximum photocatalysis caused by the declined bandgap energy including effective charge separation of photoinduced charge carrier with a maximum surface area as revealed by ultraviolet-visible, photoluminescence spectroscopy & nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis respectively.
Cold welding assisted self-healing of fractured ultrathin Au nanowires
Authors: Li Peifeng , Cao Ke , Gao Libo , Liao Weibing , Liu Jiabin , Sun Xu , Wang Hongtao , Rao Feng , Lu Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In nano-electronic field, cold welding is a simple novel method to join ultrathin noble metal nanowires (NWs) without introducing extra energy and defects. In previous works, it always occurred between ultrathin noble metal NWs, tensile fracture parts of a single NW, or a NW formation from nanoparticles. However, some external force is still needed to drive the materials as close to each other as possible before the process. Here, we proposed a new method to achieve cold welding without introducing artificial loadings. The bending fractured ultrathin gold (Au) NW can be self-healed assisted by cold welding during the removal of the tungsten (W) tip by in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM). A new interface with lattice mismatch formed in the welding zone after multiple periodic cycles, leaving an angle between the two rebonded fracture parts. Furthermore, the cold welding assisted self-healing of the bending fractured ultrathin Au NW and atom evolutions were also confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The successful implementation of cold welding makes the self-healing come true when the ultrathin Au NW fractures under the unexpected vibrations.
The Capacity for Limb Regeneration During Metamorphosis is Broadly Conserved in the Coccinellidae
Authors: Michaud J P , Nedved Oldrich , Bayoumy Mohamed , Abdelwahab Ahmed , Torres Jorge , Saxena Swati , Omkar  , de Santos-Cividanes Terezinha M , Sakaki Samane , Rasekh Arash , Tomoli Torfi Ebrahim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA standardized laboratory procedure tested the limb regeneration abilities of 18 populations (16 species) of lady beetles which were then scored, relative to unoperated controls, based on survival, the proportion regenerating the limb completely or partially, and the magnitude of developmental costs (delayed development, reduced body size) associated with limb ablation. Newly molted fourth instar larvae each had a single foreleg amputated at the base of the femur. All species except Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) showed some complete limb regeneration, with limb regeneration index (LRI) scores ranging from 0.025 to 0.905 out of a possible 1.00 (mean = 0.598). Eriopis connexa Germar, an aphidophagous neotropical species, scored the highest. Widely distributed species that dominate agricultural habitats all scored above 0.75, and the only herbivore, Henosepilachna argus (Geoffroy), scored second from lowest. Prolonged pupal development was the most common cost, occurring in nine species, and correlating negatively with regeneration. Taxonomic distance between species correlated with regeneration, but explained &lt;5% of variation; principal component analysis indicated that the LRI was the main factor distinguishing species. We infer that this capacity is conserved, not because of any adaptive advantage conferred, but because the genes responsible are normally activated during pupal development to generate the adult body plan and reconstitute appendages with direct correspondence to larval progenitors. However, good regeneration capacity was associated with the ecological success of the species. In general, broad geographic distribution, guild dominance, polyphagy, interspecific competitiveness, phenotypic flexibility, and invasiveness were characteristics generally shared by species with high levels of regeneration.