bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an incipient Paleogene topography between the present‐day Eastern Andean Plateau (Puna) and the Eastern Cordillera, southern Central Andes, NW Argentina
Authors: Montero‐López Carolina , Hongn Fernando , López Steinmetz Romina L. , Aramayo Alejandro , Pingel Heiko , Strecker Manfred R. , Cottle John M. , Bianchi Carlos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe structural and topographic evolution of orogenic plateaus is an important research topic because of its impact on atmospheric circulation patterns, the amount and distribution of rainfall, and resulting changes in surface processes. The Puna region in the north‐western Argentina (between 13°S and 27°S) is part of the Andean Plateau, which is the world's second largest orogenic plateau. In order to investigate the deformational events responsible for the initial growth of this part of the Andean plateau, we carried out structural and stratigraphic investigations within the present‐day transition zone between the northern Puna and the adjacent Eastern Cordillera to the east. This transition zone is characterized by ubiquitous exposures of continental middle Eocene redbeds of the Casa Grande Formation. Our structural mapping, together with a sedimentological analysis of these units and their relationships with the adjacent mountain ranges, has revealed growth structures and unconformities that are indicative of syntectonic deposition. These findings support the notion that tectonic shortening in this part of the Central Andes was already active during the middle Paleogene, and that early Cenozoic deformation in the region that now constitutes the Puna occurred in a spatially irregular manner. The patterns of Paleogene deformation and uplift along the eastern margin of the present‐day plateau correspond to an approximately north‐south oriented swath of reactivated basement heterogeneities (i.e. zones of mechanical weakness) stemming from regional Paleozoic mountain building that may have led to local concentration of deformation belts.
Multiple stages of plant root calcification deciphered by chemical and micromorphological analyses
Authors: Huguet Arnaud , Bernard Sylvain , El Khatib Rime , Gocke Martina I. , Wiesenberg Guido L. B. , Derenne Sylvie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRhizoliths, that is, roots fossilized by secondary carbonates, have been known for ages and are increasingly used for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. However, knowledge about their formation mechanisms remains limited. This study reports the mineralogical and chemical characterization of rhizoliths at different stages of mineralization and fossilization in the Late Pleistocene loess–paleosol sequence of Nussloch (SW Germany). Scanning electron microscopy coupled with elemental mapping and 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance were used to concomitantly characterize the mineral and organic matter of the rhizoliths. These joint analyses showed for the first time that large rhizoliths are not necessarily remains of single large roots but consist of numerous microrhizoliths as remains of fine roots, formed mainly by calcium carbonates with only low amounts of Mg and Si. They further revealed that the precipitation of secondary carbonates occurs not only around, but also within the plant root and that fossilization leads to the selective preservation of recalcitrant root biopolymers—lignin and suberin. The precipitation of secondary carbonates was observed to occur first around fine roots, the epidermis acting as a first barrier, and then within the root, within the cortex cells, and even sometimes around the phloem and within the xylem. This study suggests that the calcification of plant roots starts during the lifetime of the plant and continues after its death. This has to be systematically investigated to understand the stratigraphic context before using (micro)rhizoliths for paleoenvironmental reconstructions in terrestrial sediments.
Pre‐mixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture treatment of pain induced by postoperative dressing change for perianal abscess: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Jun , Gao Hai‐Xiang , Zhang Ting‐Ting , Bao Wen‐Qiang , Mou Jing‐Yang , Meng Kai , Dai Ya‐Liang , Gao Lu‐Lu , Liu Qiang , Li Zhi‐Jing , Ge Zhi‐Ming , Yang Yun , Yu Jian‐Qiang , Li Yu‐Xiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThis study aims to evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of pre‐mixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture treatment of pain induced by dressing change for perianal abscess.DesignThis protocol is a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsThis study will be implemented in the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Subjects enrolled in this study are hospitalized patients who suffered from moderate to severe pain due to dressing change after incision and drainage. Two hundred patients will be selected and randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group. The intervention group will get routine pain treatment plus pre‐mixed nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture treatment and the control group will be treated with routine pain management plus medical air treatment. All these patients, medical staff and investigators are blind to the nature of the gas in each cylinder, which is randomized. Data will be collected at baseline (T0), 5 min (T1) after the starting of intervention and 5 min post intervention (T2) for each group. The primary outcome is the level of pain relief at T1 and T2. The secondary outcomes cover physiological parameters, adverse events, satisfaction of patients and health professionals and the acceptance from patients.DiscussionResults of this study will be discussed and the safety and effect of nitrous oxide/oxygen treatment of pain induced by dressing change will be proven.ImpactWhen the finding of this study has an active effect on the treatment of pain caused by dressing change, it may provide more options for nursing staff to choose nurse‐led analgesia techniques and then improving the level and quality of pain care as well as patients’ overall satisfaction with the Anorectal Department in China.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU DISIPLIN BERLALU LINTAS DAN PENYEBAB KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI JALAN NASIONAL KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Gultom Tiopan Herny Manto , Sofia Lisda , Tjahjono Tri , Sulistyono Sonya 
Published: September 2020

Study-the purpose of this is to find out how the level of traffic discipline behavior and the factors that cause it to occur on the national road Samarinda City in 2019 East Kalimantan Province. Research using mixed methods research. Quantitative research methods used are descriptive survey types, while qualitative uses the case study type. The data collection method in this study uses a scale of traffic discipline behavior and documentation obtained from the Samarinda Police Traffic Unit. The survey results showed that the research subjects tended to have the most dominant traffic discipline behavior in the high category, with as many as 203 respondents or around 60.4 percent. If you see the results of the documentation, the cause was then caused by several factors. First, the aspect of the lack of individual rider quality. Second, the aspect of lack of vehicle structuring. Third, the lack of awareness of the arrangement of roads and traffic signs. This can be concluded and in accordance with the documentation data only and then that the main factor causing an accident then is the human factor.
Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui bagaimana gambaran tingkat perilaku disiplin berlalu lintas dan faktor penyebab laka lantas yang terjadi di jalan nasional Wilayah Kota Samarinda tahun 2019 Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian menggunakan metode campuran (mixed methods research). Metode penelitian kuantitatif yang digunakan adalah tipe survey deskriptive sedangkan kualitatif menggunakan tipe studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala perilaku disiplin berlalu lintas dan dokumentasi yang didapatkan dari unit Laka Lantas Polresta Samarinda. Hasil penelitian survey menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian cenderung memiliki perilaku disiplin lalu lintas yang paling dominan berada pada kategori tinggi dengan sebanyak 203 responden atau sekitar 60.4 persen. Jika dilihat hasil dokumentasi, penyebab laka lantas disebabkan beberapa faktor. Pertama, aspek kurangnya kualitas individu pengendara. Kedua ,aspek kurangnya penataan kendaraan. Ketiga, kurangnya kesadaran untuk berhati-hati di jalan raya. Oleh sebab itu dapat disimpulkan faktor utama penyebab terjadinya laka lantas adalah faktor manusianya.
KAJIAN PERILAKU PENGENDARA DAN KECEPATAN KENDARAAN PADA JALAN EMPAT LAJUR DUA ARAH TERBAGI DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Mukti Elsa Tri , Sulistyono Sonya 
Published: September 2020

Jalan Ahmad Yani in Pontianak as National road was located in the Capital of Kalimantan Barat Province has a four-lane two carriageway facility and a median in the middle of lanes. It has a high volume of traffic, i.e., more than 100 thousand a day for two directions. A number of the vehicle was recorded by installing CCTV device, a while velocity of vehicles are used a couple of speed gun. It was dominated by the number of the motorcycle around 70%, light vehicle, and the heavy vehicle is 29.6% and 0.4%, respectively. Based on data collected in the front of Prosecutor’s building that average of vehicle velocity is around 36.0 to 43.0 km/h and speed of a light vehicle is higher than other of vehicle types, while at other location (in the front of Ayani Mega Mall) it has not a certain trend. The rider of the motorcycle is riding their vehicle around 44%, going out of a provided lane for motorists. Perception’s respondents reveal that it is still probable that an incident has happened although they can ride. Speeding behavior of rider related to reaching a destination earlier. For speed restricted, respondents said that it was useful for reducing the number of incident and fatality. A sanction, like a revocation for riding license for awhile, is preferred but not permanent revocation. Some answers from respondents state that they obey some regulations during riding.
Lokasi penelitian adalah Jalan Ahmad Yani di kota Pontianak yang merupakan ibukota Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dimana jalan tersebut minimal memiliki 4 lajur 2 arah terbagi, berstatus Jalan Nasional. Volume lalu-lintas sangat tinggi melebihi 100 ribu kendaraan untuk 2 arah pada hari kerja (workday) dengan modal split sekitar 50:50. Pengambilan data lalu-lintas dilakukan dengan memasang CCTV untuk 2 arah, sedangkan kecepatan kendaraan digunakan speed gun. Jumlah kendaraan jenis Sepeda Motor (MC) mendominasi sekitar 70%, sementara jenis Kendaraan Ringan (LV) sebesar 29,6% dan jenis Kendaraan Berat sebesar 0,4%. Di lokasi depan gedung Kejaksaan Kalimantan Barat bahwa kecepatan rata-rata kendaraan berkisar 36,0 s.d. 43,0 km/jam. Rata-rata kecepatan kendaraan jenis LV relatif tinggi dibandingkan jenis kendaraan lain, sedangkan di lokasi depan Ayani Mega Mal tidak didapatkan polanya. Terhadap kepatuhan pada lajur bahwa kendaraan jenis Sepeda Motor (LV) sekitar 44% keluar dari lajur khusus sepeda motor yang telah disediakan, bahkan penelitian sebelumnya di tahun 2014 bahwa jumlah kendaraan jenis MC yang keluar lajur berkisar 55%. Dari persepsi pengendara bahwa kecelakaan mungkin saja terjadi walau sudah terampil berkendara. Perilaku ngebut di jalan beralasan agar sampai tujuan lebih cepat. Terhadap pembatasan kecepatan, responden meyakini dapat mengurangi kecelakaan dan fatalitas. Sanksi berupa pencabutan SIM untuk sementara waktu disetujui namun tidak untuk pencabutan SIM selamanya. Responden menyatakan patuh saat berkendara di jalan raya terhadap peraturan yang ada.
Evaluating the effect of the porous and non-porous colloidal silicon dioxide as a stabilizer on amorphous solid dispersion
Authors: Chaudhari Smruti P. , Bhadiyadra Mittal , Dave Rutesh H. 
Published: September 2020

Advancement in the discovery of drugs has led to many highly lipophilic compounds with very low water solubility. Amorphous solid dispersion is one of the emerging technologies to increase the solubility of these drugs. The stability of these systems is critical since the high energy system tends to recrystallize, which negates the benefits of these systems. In this paper, we are evaluating the use of colloidal silicon dioxide as a potential stabilizer to stabilize the amorphous solid dispersions. Two types of colloidal silicon dioxide are used: porous colloidal silicon dioxide -Syloid 244 Fp and nonporous fumed silica – Aerosil 200. These silicon dioxides have a high surface area. Two methods of incorporation are used to incorporate silicon dioxide into the solid dispersion. The spray drying method is used to make amorphous solid dispersion. It was found that porous silicon dioxide is better to increase stability as well as increasing dissolution rate and % release of the drug. The addition of silicon dioxide internally to the dispersion increases the dissolution rate, and the addition of silicon dioxide externally increases the stability of the solid dispersion.
Keywords: colloidal silicon dioxide, stabilizer, amorphous solid dispersion, low water solubility
Survivable Physical topology design for Alloptical Metro core networks
Authors: Hanh Nguyen V. , Linh Truong Dieu 
Published: September 2020

Along with the development of bandwidth consuming services, fiber optic is being widely used, especially in the metro core networks. Many solutions have been proposed for designing optical network topology. However, these solutions designed networks with a lot of fiber redundancy. This paper proposes a solution for designing physical topology of optical metro core networks with the objectives of (i) ensuring traffic requirements between the network nodes, (ii) minimizing fiber cost, and (iii) assuring the network survivability. The numerical results show that the proposed solution satisfies those objectives and save more fiber than existing solutions.
Flexible Design of EGB Structure for Antenna Appliations
Authors: Phuong Huynh Nguyen Bao 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a flexible design of electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure, which is constructed based on Fractal geometry, for antenna applications. These Fractals, which are the Sierpinski triangles, are arranged to repeat each 600to introduce the hexagonal unit cells. By changing the gap between two adjacent Sierpinski triangles inside EBG unit cell, it can be introducing two EBG structuresseparately that have broadband and dual bandgap. By using the suspending microstrip method, two arrays 3×4 of EBG unit cells areutilized to investigate the bandgap of the EBG structures. The EBG operation bandwidth of the broadband structure and the dual-band structure are about 87% and 40%; 35% at the center bandgap frequencies, respectively. Moreover, a comparison between the broadband EBG and the conventional mushroom-like EBG has been done. Experimental results of the proposed design show good agreement in comparison with simulation results. Finally, the proposed EBG structures are studied as a high impedance ground plane for enhancing the radiation properties of a patch antenna.
DEWAN PENDIDIKAN DI TENGAH PUSARAN COVID-19
Authors: Kholilur Rahman  
Published: September 2020

It is probably almost a consensus of experts that the Covid-19 pandemic is an undiscovered virus, and its negative impact touches almost the entire joints of human life; Social, economic, banking, tourism, and education. The impact of the life joints mentioned at the beginning may be overcome by certain stimuli and within a certain period of time can be recovered. But the impact that touches the joints of the last Life (education), especially related to the quality of education, the Resolution requires "collective ijtihad" with a wide range of perspective, and must be sustained by the comprehensive stimulus. Given the whole quality of the joints of human life is determined by the quality of education.
In order to collective ijtihad against the impact of the Covid-19 in this field of education, there is an honorable institution that loses its "fangs". The Board of Education (especially the District Education Council) as a representation of the community in the field of education should present contribute its role to help the heavy burden of society in education, especially in the midst of the Covid-19 vortex and its impacts,
The Board of Education must be able to attend: (a) as a advisory agency for local governments in the determination of the implementation of education policies, especially during the pandemic Covid-19 period; (b) As supporting agency, whether financial, thinking or energy for exclusivity in the organizing of education; (c) As a controlling agency for the education policy of the local government; and (d) as a mediator agency on policies implemented by exclusivity and legislative
PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI DALAM ISLAM
Authors: R. Sri Widaningsih, S.Pd.I, M.Pd.  
Published: September 2020

Komunikasi dilakukan di hampir setiap kegiatan manusia, sejak bangun dari tidur manusia berada dalam kegiatan komunikasi, perkembangan dewasa ini komunikasi mulai menjadi suatu disiplin ilmu yang pelajari secara spesifik. Proses interaksi antar sesama manusia tidak akan terlepas dari proses komunikasi. Dalam perspektif Islam komunikasi merupakan aktivitas da’wah dalam menyampaikan sebuah kebenaran walaupun satu ayat. Bahkan komunikasi merupakan suatu aktivitas yang mendapat banyak penjelasan dan mendapat perhatian khusus sebab Allah SWT telah berfirman yang artinya “Dan berkatalah kamu kepada semua manusia dengan cara yang baik”, selain itu juga selamat atau celakanya manusia tergantung dari lisannya, atau mulutnya (cara berkomunikasinya).
Long‐read whole‐genome sequencing for the genetic diagnosis of dystrophinopathies
Authors: Xie Zhiying , Sun Chengyue , Zhang Siwen , Liu Yilin , Yu Meng , Zheng Yiming , Meng Lingchao , Acharya Anushree , Cornejo‐Sanchez Diana M , Wang Gao , Zhang Wei , Schrauwen Isabelle , Leal Suzanne M. , Wang Zhaoxia , Yuan Yun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe precise genetic diagnosis of dystrophinopathies can be challenging, largely due to rare deep intronic variants and more complex structural variants (SVs). We report on the genetic characterization of a dystrophinopathy patient. He remained without a genetic diagnosis after routine genetic testing, dystrophin protein and mRNA analysis, and short‐ and long‐read whole DMD gene sequencing. We finally identified a novel complex SV in DMD via long‐read whole‐genome sequencing. The variant consists of a large‐scale (~1Mb) inversion/deletion‐insertion rearrangement mediated by LINE‐1s. Our study shows that long‐read whole‐genome sequencing can serve as a clinical diagnostic tool for genetically unsolved dystrophinopathies.
Temporal Arteritis Revealing Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitides: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Delaval Laure , Samson Maxime , Schein Flora , Agard Christian , Tréfond Ludovic , Deroux Alban , Dupuy Henry , Garrouste Cyril , Godmer Pascal , Landron Cédric , Maurier François , le Guenno Guillaume , Rieu Virginie , Desblache Julien , Durel Cécile‐Audrey , Jousselin‐Mahr Laurence , Kassem Hassan , Pugnet Grégory , Queyrel Vivane , Swiader Laure , Blockmans Daniel , Sacré Karim , Lazaro Estibaliz , Mouthon Luc , Aumaître Olivier , Cathébras Pascal , Guillevin Loic , Terrier Benjamin ,   the French Vasculitis Study Group and French Study Group for Giant Cell Arteritis
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTemporal arteritis (TA) is a typical manifestation of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitides (AAVs) are rarely revealed by TA manifestations, leading to a risk of misdiagnosis of GCA and inappropriate treatments. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical, biologic, and histologic presentations and outcomes in cases of TA revealing AAV (TA‐AAV) compared to controls with classic GCA.MethodsIn this retrospective case–control study, the characteristics of patients with TA‐AAV were compared to those of control subjects with classic GCA. Log‐rank test, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), was used to assess the risk of treatment failure.ResultsFifty patients with TA‐AAV (median age 70 years) were included. Thirty‐three patients (66%) presented with atypical symptoms of GCA (ear, nose, and throat involvement in 32% of patients, and renal, pulmonary, and neurologic involvement in 26%, 20%, and 16% of patients, respectively). Blood samples were screened for ANCAs at the time of disease onset in 33 patients, and results were positive in 88%, leading to a diagnosis of early TA‐AAV in 20 patients. The diagnosis of AAV was delayed a median interval of 15 months in 30 patients. Compared to controls with GCA, patients with TA‐AAV were younger (median age 70 years versus 74 years), were more frequently men (48% versus 30%), and had high frequencies of atypical manifestations and higher C‐reactive protein levels (median 10.8 mg/dl versus 7.0 mg/dl). In patients with TA‐AAV, temporal artery biopsy (TAB) showed fibrinoid necrosis and small branch vasculitis in 23% of patients each, whereas neither of these characteristics was evident in controls with GCA. Treatment failure–free survival was comparable between early TA‐AAV cases and GCA controls, whereas those with delayed TA‐AAV had a significantly higher risk of treatment failure compared to controls (HR 3.85, 95% CI 1.97–7.51; P < 0.0001).ConclusionTA‐AAV should be considered diagnostically in cases of atypical manifestations of GCA, refractoriness to glucocorticoid treatment, or early relapse. Analysis of TAB specimens for the detection of small branch vasculitis and/or fibrinoid necrosis could be useful. Detection of ANCAs should be performed in cases of suspected GCA with atypical clinical features and/or evidence of temporal artery abnormalities on TAB.