bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle intervention to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse maternal outcomes among pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Xueyan , Yang Ting , Zhang Xueqin , Wei Wei 
Published: December 2020

Objective We assessed the effects of a lifestyle intervention on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence and risk of adverse maternal outcomes among pregnant women at high risk for GDM. Methods From July to December 2018, we enrolled 1822 eligible pregnant women; of these, 304 had at least one risk factor for GDM. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Usual prenatal care was offered to both groups; the intervention group also received individually modified education on diet, physical activity, and weight control. The GDM diagnosis was based on an oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 gestational weeks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of the lifestyle intervention on risk of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes. Results A total of 281 women (139 in the intervention group and 142 controls) were included. Incidences of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes were all significantly lower in the intervention than in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that women in the intervention group had a lower risk of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes, after adjusting potential confounding factors. Conclusion The present lifestyle intervention was associated with lower risks of GDM and adverse maternal outcomes.
Identification of Key Modules and Hub Genes Involved in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumorigenesis Using WCGNA
Authors: Chen Nanzheng , Zhang Guangjian , Fu Junke , Wu Qifei 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The mechanistic basis for the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains poorly understood. The goal of the present study was thus to characterize mRNA and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles associated with ESCC in order to identify key hub genes associated with the pathogenesis of this cancer. Materials and Methods: The GSE26866 and GSE45670 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to conduct a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), after which Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were conducted. Cytoscape was additionally used to construct lncRNA-mRNA networks, after which hub genes were identified and validated through the assessment of TCGA datasets and clinical samples. Results: Two gene modules were found to be closely linked to ESCC tumorigenesis. These genes were enriched in cell cycle, MAPK signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and P53 signaling pathway activity, all of which are directly linked with the development of cancer. In total, we identified and validated 9 hub genes associated with ESCC (DDX18, DNMT1, NCAPG, WDHD1, PRR11, VOPP1, ZKSCAN5, LC35C2, and PHACTR2). Conclusion: In summary, we identified key gene modules and hub genes associated with ESCC development, and we constructed a lncRNA-mRNA network pertaining to this cancer type. These results provide a foundation for future research regarding the mechanistic basis of ESCC.
Adjustment of Occlusal Splint with Synchronized T-Scan III Digital Occlusal Analysis System and Bio-EMG III in a Patient with Sleep Bruxism
Authors: Karakis Duygu , Demirdag Elif Didem 
Published: December 2020

The occlusal splint has been frequently used as an effective treatment in sleep bruxism patients. In the adjustment procedure of occlusal splint with an optimal occlusion, clinicians usually use conventional methods; however, they cannot measure the surface area of contacts, amount of force, and contacting time sequence. Recently, two separate technologies have been synchronized together: T-Scan III and BioEMG III. In the present case report, an occlusal splint in a patient with sleep bruxism was adjusted with synchronized T-Scan computerized digital occlusal analysis system and BioEMG III. Optimal occlusal parameters were generated, and quantitative analyses of occlusal scheme and muscle activity level were performed before and after the adjustment of the occlusal splint. In the present case report, occlusion of the occlusal splint in a bruxism patient was adjusted with T-Scan III to fulfill the requirement of the optimal occlusion criteria. Before adjustment of occlusal splint, digital evaluation revealed unbalanced force distribution, lengthy occlusion (1.51 s), and disocclusion time (0.09 s) in centric relation. EMG activity of muscles was lower than expected values in centric relation. After adjustment of occlusal splint, canine protected occlusion with appropriate occlusion (0.2 s) and disocclusion (0.4 s) time were performed. Increased electromyography activity of the right anterior temporalis muscle showed a decrease in all excursive movements. Modern occlusal adjustment procedures provide a new standard of verification for the validation of occlusal splint fabrication with optimal occlusion.
Correlation analysis between disease severity and inflammation-related parameters in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Gong Jing , Dong Hui , Xia Qing-Song , Huang Zhao-yi , Wang Ding-kun , Zhao Yan , Liu Wen-hua , Tu Sheng-hao , Zhang Ming-min , Wang Qi , Lu Fu-er 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is highly contagious, and the crude mortality rate could reach 49% in critical patients. Inflammation concerns on disease progression. This study analyzed blood inflammation indicators among mild, severe and critical patients, helping to identify severe or critical patients early.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 100 patients were included and divided into mild, severe or critical groups according to disease condition. Correlation of peripheral blood inflammation-related indicators with disease criticality was analyzed. Cut-off values for critically ill patients were speculated through the ROC curve.

Results
Significantly, disease severity was associated with age (R = -0.564, P < 0.001), interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R) (R = -0.534, P < 0.001), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (R = -0.535, P < 0.001), interleukin-8 (IL-8) (R = -0.308, P < 0.001), interleukin-10 (IL-10) (R = -0.422, P < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) (R = -0.322, P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (R = -0.604, P < 0.001), ferroprotein (R = -0.508, P < 0.001), procalcitonin (R = -0.650, P < 0.001), white cell counts (WBC) (R = -0.54, P < 0.001), lymphocyte counts (LC) (R = 0.56, P < 0.001), neutrophil count (NC) (R = -0.585, P < 0.001) and eosinophil counts (EC) (R = 0.299, P < 0.001). With IL2R > 793.5 U/mL or CRP > 30.7 ng/mL, the progress of COVID-19 to critical stage should be closely observed and possibly prevented.

Conclusions
Inflammation is closely related to severity of COVID-19, and IL-6 and TNFα might be promising therapeutic targets.
Homologous production, one-step purification, and proof of Na+ transport by the Rnf complex from Acetobacterium woodii, a model for acetogenic conversion of C1 substrates to biofuels
Authors: Wiechmann Anja , Trifunović Dragan , Klein Sophie , Müller Volker 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCapture and storage of the energy carrier hydrogen as well as of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide are two major problems that mankind faces currently. Chemical catalysts have been developed, but only recently a group of anaerobic bacteria that convert hydrogen and carbon dioxide to acetate, formate, or biofuels such as ethanol has come into focus, the acetogenic bacteria. These biocatalysts produce the liquid organic hydrogen carrier formic acid from H2 + CO2or even carbon monoxide with highest rates ever reported. The autotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing, and CO2-reducing acetogens have in common a specialized metabolism to catalyze CO2reduction, the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP). The WLP does not yield net ATP, but is hooked up to a membrane-bound respiratory chain that enables ATP synthesis coupled to CO2fixation. The nature of the respiratory enzyme has been an enigma since the discovery of these bacteria and has been unraveled in this study.ResultsWe have produced a His-tagged variant of the ferredoxin:NAD oxidoreductase (Rnf complex) from the model acetogenAcetobacterium woodii, solubilized the enzyme from the cytoplasmic membrane, and purified it by Ni2+–NTA affinity chromatography. The enzyme was incorporated into artificial liposomes and catalyzed Na+transport coupled to ferredoxin-dependent NAD reduction. Our results using the purified enzyme do not only verify that the Rnf complex fromA. woodiiis Na+-dependent, they also demonstrate for the first time that this membrane-embedded molecular engine creates a Na+ gradient across the membrane ofA. woodiiwhich can be used for ATP synthesis.DiscussionWe present a protocol for homologous production and purification for an Rnf complex. The enzyme catalyzed electron-transfer driven Na+export and, thus, our studies provided the long-awaited biochemical proof that the Rnf complex is a respiratory enzyme.
The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation During Infancy on Growth During the First 2 Years of Life
Authors: Hauta-alus Helena H , Holmlund-Suila Elisa M , Kajantie Eero , Rosendahl Jenni , Valkama Saara M , Enlund-Cerullo Maria , Andersson Sture , Mäkitie Outi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractContextThe relationship between maternal and infant vitamin D and early childhood growth remains inadequately understood.ObjectiveThis work aimed to investigate how maternal and child 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and vitamin D supplementation affect growth during the first 2 years of life.MethodsA randomized, double-blinded, single-center intervention study was conducted from pregnancy until offspring age 2 years. Altogether 812 term-born children with complete data were recruited at a maternity hospital. Children received daily vitamin D3 supplementation of 10 μg (group 10) or 30 μg (group 30) from age 2 weeks to 2 years. Anthropometry and growth rate were measured at age 1 and 2 years.ResultsToddlers born to mothers with pregnancy 25(OH)D greater than 125 nmol/L were at 2 years lighter and thinner than the reference group with 25(OH)D of 50 to 74.9 nmol/L (P &lt; .010). Mean 2-year 25(OH)D concentrations were 87 nmol/L in group 10 and 118 nmol/L in group 30 (P &lt; .001). When group 30 was compared with group 10, difference in body size was not statistically significant (P &gt; .053), but group 30 had slower growth in length and head circumference between 6 months and 1 year (P &lt; .047), and more rapid growth in weight and length-adjusted weight between 1 and 2 years (P &lt; .043). Toddlers in the highest quartile of 25(OH)D (&gt; 121 nmol/L) were shorter (mean difference 0.2 SD score [SDS], P = .021), lighter (mean difference 0.4 SDS, P = .001), and thinner (in length-adjusted weight) (mean difference 0.4 SDS, P = .003) compared with the lowest quartile (&lt; 81.2 nmol/L).ConclusionVitamin D and early childhood growth may have an inverse U-shaped relationship.
Silver-Free Catalysis with Gold(I) Chloride Complexes
Authors: Franchino Allegra , Montesinos-Magraner Marc , Echavarren Antonio M 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGold(I) chloride complexes are stable, widespread precatalysts that generally require activation by halide abstraction to display useful catalytic activity. Chloride scavenging is typically performed in situ by using silver salts. This procedure, apart from mandating the use of an additional metal, often negatively impacts the reaction outcome, because Ag additives are not catalytically innocent (silver effect). Therefore, both the development of alternative chloride scavengers and the design of self-activating gold(I) chloride complexes endowed with special ligands have lately been the subject of intense research efforts. This review describes recent advances in the field of silver-free Au(I) catalysis employing gold(I) chloride complexes, with an emphasis on approaches emerged in the last decade.
Consumer Boycotts, Country of Origin, and Product Competition: Evidence from China’s Automobile Market
Authors: Sun Qi , Wu Fang , Li Shanjun , Grewal Rajdeep 
Published: December 2020

Triggered by a territorial dispute as well as historical animosity, a nationwide civilian boycott of Japanese products took place in China in the summer of 2012. Using detailed data on vehicle sales in four major Chinese cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Nanjing), this study investigates the impact of boycotts on sales and advertising effectiveness of products from different countries of origin. The boycott dramatically reduced the market share of Japanese brands and benefitted Chinese and non-Japanese foreign brands. Consumer switching to other brands accounted for the majority of the loss in sales. Advertising became less effective for Japanese brands during the boycott but more effective for non-Japanese brands, especially at the parent-brand level (e.g., Toyota) than sub-brand level (e.g., Camry). The sales impacts were strongest in Nanjing, the city that had the most atrocious war experience with Japan during the Battle of Nanjing in 1937, and weakest in Beijing, where local government agencies explicitly discouraged public demonstrations. Finally, although the decline in sales of Japanese brands did not vary by quality or production location, competing non-Japanese brands that were had better quality or were manufactured locally benefitted more. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Enhancing fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting by integrating spatial interactions of human movements between urban regions
Authors: Liu Kang , Zhang Meng , Xi Guikai , Deng Aiping , Song Tie , Li Qinglan , Kang Min , Yin Ling 
Published: December 2020

Background
As a mosquito-borne infectious disease, dengue fever (DF) has spread through tropical and subtropical regions worldwide in recent decades. Dengue forecasting is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of preventive measures. Current studies have been primarily conducted at national, sub-national, and city levels, while an intra-urban dengue forecasting at a fine spatial resolution still remains a challenging feat. As viruses spread rapidly because of a highly dynamic population flow, integrating spatial interactions of human movements between regions would be potentially beneficial for intra-urban dengue forecasting.

Methodology
In this study, a new framework for enhancing intra-urban dengue forecasting was developed by integrating the spatial interactions between urban regions. First, a graph-embedding technique called Node2Vec was employed to learn the embeddings (in the form of an N-dimensional real-valued vector) of the regions from their population flow network. As strongly interacting regions would have more similar embeddings, the embeddings can serve as “interaction features.” Then, the interaction features were combined with those commonly used features (e.g., temperature, rainfall, and population) to enhance the supervised learning–based dengue forecasting models at a fine-grained intra-urban scale.

Results
The performance of forecasting models (i.e., SVM, LASSO, and ANN) integrated with and without interaction features was tested and compared on township-level dengue forecasting in Guangzhou, the most threatened sub-tropical city in China. Results showed that models using both common and interaction features can achieve better performance than that using common features alone.

Conclusions
The proposed approach for incorporating spatial interactions of human movements using graph-embedding technique is effective, which can help enhance fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting.
Genomic surveillance of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B invasive strains: Diversity of vaccine antigen types, Brazil, 2016-2018
Authors: de Lemos Ana Paula Silva , Sacchi Claudio Tavares , Gonçalves Claudia Regina , Camargo Carlos Henrique , Andrade Ana Lúcia 
Published: December 2020

Background
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B remains a prominent cause of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Brazil. Because two novel protein-based vaccines against serogroup B are available, the main purpose of this study was to provide data on the diversity and distribution of meningococcal vaccine antigen types circulating in Brazil.

Methodology
Genetic lineages, vaccine antigen types, and allele types of antimicrobial-associated resistance genes based on whole-genome sequencing of a collection of 145 Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B invasive strains recovered in Brazil from 2016 to 2018 were collected.

Results
A total of 11 clonal complexes (ccs) were identified among the 145 isolates, four of which were predominant, namely, cc461, cc35, cc32, and cc213, accounting for 72.0% of isolates. The most prevalent fHbp peptides were 24 (subfamily A/variant 2), 47 (subfamily A/variant 3), 1 (subfamily B/variant 1) and 45 (subfamily A/variant 3), which were predominantly associated with cc35, cc461, cc32, and cc213, respectively. The NadA peptide was detected in only 26.2% of the isolates. The most frequent NadA peptide 1 was found almost exclusively in cc32. We found seven NHBA peptides that accounted for 74.5% of isolates, and the newly described peptide 1390 was the most prevalent peptide exclusively associated with cc461. Mutated penA alleles were detected in 56.5% of the isolates, whereas no rpoB and gyrA mutant alleles were found.

Conclusion
During the study period, changes in the clonal structure of circulating strains were observed, without a predominance of a single hyperinvasive lineage, indicating that an epidemiologic shift has occurred that led to a diversity of vaccine antigen types in recent years in Brazil.
Changes in physiotherapists’ perceptions of evidence-based practice after a year in the workforce: A mixed-methods study
Authors: McEvoy Maureen , Luker Julie , Fryer Caroline , Lewis Lucy K 
Published: December 2020

Background
Few studies have explored evidence-based practice (EBP) knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of health professional graduates transitioning into the workforce. This study evaluated changes in these EBP domains in physiotherapists after one year of working.

Method
A mixed methods design was used. Participants completed two psychometrically-tested EBP questionnaires at two timepoints. The Evidence-Based Practice Profile questionnaire collected self-report EBP data (Terminology, Relevance, Confidence, Practice, Sympathy) and the Knowledge of Research Evidence Competencies collected objective data (Actual Knowledge). Changes were calculated using descriptive statistics (paired t-tests, 95% CI, effect sizes). Qualitative interview data collected at one timepoint were analysed using a descriptive approach and thematic analysis, to examine the lived experience of participants in the context of their first employment. The aim of the mixed methods approach was a broader and deeper understanding of participants’ first year of employment and using EBP.

Results
Data were analysed from 50 participants who completed both questionnaires at the two timepoints. After one year in the workforce, there was a significant decrease in participants’ perceptions of Relevance (p<0.001) and Confidence with EBP (p<0.001) and non-significant decreases in the other domains. Effect sizes showed medium decreases for Relevance (0.69) and Confidence (0.57), small decreases in Terminology (0.28) and Practice (0.23), and very small decreases in Sympathy (0.08) and Actual Knowledge (0.11). Seven themes described participants experience of using EBP in their first working year.

Conclusions
After a year in the workplace, confidence and perceptions of relevance of EBP were significantly reduced. A subtle interplay of features related to workplace culture, competing demands to develop clinical skills, internal and external motivators to use EBP and patient expectations, together with availability of resources and time, may impact early graduates’ perceptions of EBP. Workplace role models who immersed themselves in evidence discussion and experience were inspiring to early graduates.
A cross sectional study on beliefs and roles of community pharmacy professionals in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome in an Ethiopian setting
Authors: Belachew Sewunet Admasu , Muluneh Niguse Yigzaw , Erku Daniel Asfaw , Netere Adeladlew Kassie 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardiovascular risk factors, and its prevalence is becoming alarmingly high in Ethiopia. Studies uncovered as community pharmacy professionals (CPPs) have not yet well integrated into public health programs and priorities. In low income setting like Ethiopia, evidence regarding the roles CPPs in preventing and management of MetS is dearth.ObjectiveThe study was aimed to assess community pharmacy professionals’(CPPs) opinions about metabolic syndrome, describe their perception level towards the effectiveness of the main interventions and explore their extent of involvement in counseling patients with the metabolic syndrome in Gondar town, Northwestern Ethiopia.MethodA descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists and druggists working in community medication retail outlets (CMROs) in Gondar town, northwestern Ethiopia from April 1 to May 31, 2019. Data were collected using a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize different variables, and presented in tables and figure. An independent t-test and one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) were used to compare mean scores. A 5% level of significance was used.ResultOut of the 75 CPPs approached, 65(40 pharmacists and 25 druggists) completed the survey giving a response rate of 86.7%. Smoking cessation practice was identified to be low. There were a statistically significant difference (t = 2.144,P= 0.036) in the involvement towards counseling patients between CPPs who claimed to work in pharmacy (mean = 3.96 out of 5 points Likert scale) and drug stores (mean = 3.80 out of 5 points Likert scale).ConclusionThe study concluded that the overall involvement of professionals in counseling patients, opinion about metabolic syndrome, and perception towards the effectiveness of the intervention was found to be more or less positive. However, the provision of services, such as monitoring therapy, selling equipment for home blood pressure and glucose monitoring and documenting patient care services needs to be encouraged. Given proper education and training, the current study hope that community pharmacists could be an important front-line contributors to contain this emerging epidemic in Gondar town as well as in the entire nation.
Designing Open Informational Ecosystems on the Concept of Open Educational Resources
Authors: Heck Tamara , Kullmann Sylvia , Hiebl Johannes , Schröder Nadine , Otto Daniel , Sander Pia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOpen informational ecosystems play a crucial role in fostering open educational resources (OER) and allow new opportunities to share and collaborate in the learning and teaching environment. Such ecosystems containing interoperable infrastructures and open interfaces aim at fulfilling user needs and fostering practices related to the concept of OER and the five user rights (5 R’s). To fully embrace this role, those ecosystems need to be designed carefully.In this paper, we discuss implications for open informational ecosystems to fully comprise the concept of OER and related user needs. We carried out literature reviews to analyse recent aspects of the 5 R’s in relation to user behaviour and infrastructures. We will introduce the results from these reviews and illustrate upcoming questions and challenges for the design of an ecosystem respecting the 5 R’s conceptual ideas. With our recommendations, we aim at contributing to a better understanding of the concept of OER to improve ecosystem development and implement useful and user-friendly functions.