bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) by communities around Cibodas Biosphere Reserve (CBR): a recommendation for invasive alien species management and policy
Authors: Handayani A , Hidayati S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The distribution of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) in the Cibodas Biosphere Reserve (CBR) area is enormous. Controlling IAS distribution is essential to be carried out, for the high potential threat to the native plant species. Generally, IAS species invade an open area of the forest. A review has been conducted with a literature study regarding recorded data about invasive alien species and studies about the utilization of plants by communities around CBR, especially the Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park area. The selected IAS list was further analyzed by using Index Cultural Significant (ICS). Recent studies concluded that 88 species of IAS spread out in the CBR area. On the other hand, many studies showed that IAS is widely used by the related communities in the CBR area. About 41 species out of 88 IAS were used by the communities, mainly for medicinal purposes. Utilisations of the medicinal plant were rooted in their traditional knowledge and culturally important for the communities’ livelihood. Additional input or recommendation for IAS management and policy in CBR was formulated by considering these conditions.
Complex agroforestry system in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park: composition and characteristics of food-producing plants
Authors: Minarningsih  , Murniati  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Community access to the land of Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park has started since a long time ago. Since 1998, the community has been permitted to use the land by emphasizing the sustainability aspect. Complex agroforestry systems have been established by combining several tree crops; most of them are food-producing plants. This research was aimed to study the composition and characteristics of the food-producing plant species, canopy strata, and its regeneration rate in the context of an agroforestry system. The research was conducted at two villages; those were Bogorejo and Cilimus, located in Pesawaran District, Lampung Province, from March to November 2018. Data collection was done through field observation and structured interviews with 59 farmers as respondents who managed the grand forest parkland. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the complex agroforestry practices characterized by three canopy layers and one understorey. The mature food-producing plant species proportion was 86.85% of the total food-producing plants with plants density 735.97 individuals/ha. The density of tree crops population 847.42 individuals/ha with the highest density was found for coffee, cacao and candlenut. The existence of immature food-producing plants species was only 13.15%, indicating that the regeneration process had been initiated and conservation effort of the grand forest park still on-going.
Land conflict resolution strategy in Solok Buntu Resort, Berbak-Sembilang National Park
Authors: Nurlia A , Waluyo E A , Asmara W H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Land conflicts at Solok Buntu Resort, Berbak-Sembilang National Park (BSNP), have occurred since 1995. Land conflicts occur due to the encroachment of forest areas by the community for fish farming. Farm activities do not only damage their natural vegetation but also increase pressure upon the wildlife in the area. This study aims to find the best solution to resolve community land conflicts at Solok Buntu Resort. The study was conducted in December 2018 using qualitative methods. Field observations combined with a household interview and community discussions were conducted to examine opportunities for harmonizing between the interests of access to farm management with ecosystem sustainability based on the principles of justice, prosperity and sustainability. The results showed that migrants dominated the majority of the occupation from Lampung Province. Easy access, lack of public awareness, and economic needs had become the triggering factors of land occupation at Solok Buntu Resort. Two strategies can be done to resolve the conflict. The first is to move the community from the forest area (resettlement) to their original villages. The second is to establish collaboration between BSNP with the community to restore the conservation area.
The economic value of velvet from Timor deer captive breeding at Dramaga Forest Research
Authors: Takandjandji M , Rianti A , Sudaryo C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
One product of innovations produced from captivity breeding of Timor deer (Rusa timorensis Blainville, 1822) is antler and called velvet. Velvet powder is the primary raw material for traditional medicines, which is commonly used in China and Korea. These products are potentially derived from economic value. This study aims to determine the production of velvet in Timor stag in captive at Dramaga Forest Research, Bogor. This study used as many as 12 individuals Timor stags, consisting of 3, 5, 7 and 9 years old classes, each of three individuals age classes. The body weight varies of Timor stags are from 35.07 ± 1.91 kg to 66.5 ± 7.37 kg. Observations were carried out during 2016-2019. The parameters observed were deer age, velvet age, body weight, velvet weight, and velvet powder weight, and the number of capsules produced. The observations show that velvet may be harvested at 60.25 ± 1.26 days. The 3, 5, 7 and 9 years old of deer produce are 364.6 ± 31.37 mg velvet powder or 12 bottles; 917.2 ± 408 grams or 14 bottles; 1,469 ± 659 grams or 49 bottles; and 1527.5 ± 265 grams or 51 bottles, consecutively. The price of velvet powder is IDR 100,000 per bottle containing 30 capsules.
Pot host and media treatments towards kayu papi’s (Exocarpus latifolius R.Br) growth
Authors: Rianawati H , Umroni A , Siswadi  
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Kayu papi or shrub sandalwood (Exocarpus latifolius R.Br.) is a hemiparasitic plant, member of Santalacea family which incorporated host plant on their nutrient absorption. Kayu papi is a fragrant wood that can mimic and perhaps substitute sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.). Many studies recorded that exocarpic acid derived from kayu papi is also beneficial as a tuberculosis remedy. However, the information on silvicultural techniques has only been investigated just a few times. This study aimed to examine the effect of host plants and media combination on kayu papi’s growth under the nursery condition. Kayu papi seedlings were planted with five different hosts and control (without host plant) on six different media. The parameters are the height and diameter of the seven-month kayu papi seedlings. The result indicates that host plants significantly affected kayu papi’s growth. The interaction between the host plant (Alternanthera spp.) and media combination latosol soil and manure also significantly promoted the height of kayu papi. While kayu papi grown in grumusol with Saorupus androgynous host showed the highest diameter on average. In conclusion, kayu papi seedlings indicate that host plant presence and particular media optimized their growth.
The effect of fertilizer on bambang lanang (Michelia champaca L) seedling growth in mesocarp fiber from oil palm media
Authors: Apriyanto E , Sudjatmiko S , Susatya A , Starsy D A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Palm oil mill in Indonesia disposed of 4 million tons of fibers’ waste from oil palm fruits mesocarp in 2016. The waste has excellent potential as a growing medium for seedlings. The study aimed to analyze its fertilizer effect on bambang lanang seedling growth. The study was conducted from May to August 2018, at the nursery of Agriculture Faculty, Bengkulu University. A complete randomized design was applied with seven treatments and six replications. The treatments were controlled, NPK (2 g; P1), NPK and Osmocote® (1 and 1,5 g; P2), NPK and (1.5 and 2 g; P3), Osmocote® (1.5 g; P4), Osmocote® (2 g, P5), and Osmocote® (3 g, P6). The fibers’ waste from oil palm fruits mesocarp was chosen as the media. The addition of fertilizer yielded significantly different results in height, diameter, leaf number, and dry weight of seedlings. The treatments of P1, P2, and P3 gave better result on height (30.14-33.95 cm), diameter (5.65-5.97 mm), leaf numbers (11.04-11.17 leaf), leaf width (64.22-65.86 cm2), and dry weight (1.60-2.27 g seedling−1) than other treatments (P4, P5, and P6). The seedling sturdiness ratio for those treatments was 5.36-5.70 and could be classified as good seedlings. The P2 treatment could be applied as fertilizer to improve seedlings growth in nursery.
Growth performance of sengon (Falcataria mollucana) and manglid (Magnolia champaca) at different spacing distance
Authors: Hani A , Swestiani D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Sengon (Falcataria mollucana) has rapid growth, but susceptible to pest and disease, while manglid (Magnolia champaca) has slower growth compared to sengon, but relatively more resistant. Farmers can prevent high losses by interplanting their land with sengon and manglid. This interplanting technique between sengon and manglid has not been widely known. The study was conducted in Sodonghilir Village, Tasikmalaya, West Java, from December 2015 - November 2018. Seedlings were planted with minimal height of 30 cm and planted at the beginning of the rainy season, and each seedling was tied to a bamboo stick. One month after planting, plants were given an organic fertilizer TSP (phosphorus) and urea with a ratio of 1:2, 50 gr each plant. The study used split plots design with tree species (sengon and manglid) as the main factor and spacing as sub-plots (3 x 3 m, 3 x 4 m, 3 x 5 m, and 3 x 6 m). The treatments resulted in 8 combinations with 49 plants as the observation unit with four replications. The total planted area was 1 ha. The results showed that the interaction between species and spacing had a significant effect on the growth of sengon and manglid. The results showed the highest height was shown by treatment S4 (sengon, 3 x 6 m) with a height of 297.48 cm, while the highest diameter by S3 (sengon, 3 x 5 m) with a diameter of 52.9 mm. Sengon is more productive than manglid. However, the local community prefers to plant both species (manglid and sengon) to overcome the loss of income because sengon is more prone to pest and disease compared to manglid.
Bagworm infestation on Shorea balangeran in the degraded peatland restoration plot
Authors: Asmaliyah  , Hadi E E W , Irianto R S B , Imanullah A , Bastoni  , Siahaan H , Purwanto  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Restoration through re-vegetation activities is one of the solutions to recover degraded peatlands quickly. Shorea balangeran is one of the most promising species of Dipterocarpaceae that can be chosen for the degraded peatlands rehabilitation. The bagworm is one of the potential pests to damage the S. balangeran in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) regency. The objective of the study was to provide various information about bagworm insect pests on S. balangeran. Two measuring plots of 50 x 32 m laid on 2017 planted S. balangeran in agrosilvofishery based on integrated peat restoration pilot project. The variables observed were the number of attacked plants to calculate incidence and the number of attacked leaves in each observation unit (tree) using a scoring system to calculate the intensity. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive quantitatively. The results showed that there were two species of bagworm in S. balangeran. The incidence of both bagworms was quite high, but the intensity of damage was still relatively mild. However, control measures for bagworms still need to be carried out.
Diversity and abundance of arthropods inhabiting peat soil in monoculture and polyculture of balangeran (Shorea balangeran) plantation in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Utami S , Muslimin I , Kurniawan A , Azwar F , Purwanto  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Arthropods have essential roles in the forest ecosystem; they act as herbivores, carnivores and detritivores in the food webs. This study aimed to analyze the diversity and abundance of arthropods inhabiting peat soil both in monoculture and polyculture plantation of balangeran (Shorea balangeran). The research was conducted in Riding Village, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra, through an observation approach with pitfall trap and sweep nets, followed by selection and morphological identification. The identified arthropods were from 10 orders, and 24 families with the highest number of individuals belonged to the Formicidae family. The arthropods were classified mostly as predators (43.64%), closely followed by phytophag (38.18%), and the rest were parasitoid (14.54%) and pollinator (3.64%). The diversity index of arthropods under balangeran plants mixed with paddy and mixed with cajuput were 0.78, 0.65, and 0.93, respectively. The highest abundance of arthropods was found on balangeran plants mixed with paddy crop. These results revealed that planting systems have significant effects on diversity and abundance of peat soil arthropods.
Modelling and assessment of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites and their laminate squeeze casting fabrication
Authors: Tu Zhiqiang , Nganbe Michel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The equibiaxial bend behavior of laminate carbon fiber fabric reinforced aluminum matrix composites is modelled and assessed. Analytical modelling and finite element analysis are comparatively investigated to study the mechanical properties, with particular focus on the elastic modulus and flexural strength. The investigation allows evaluating how far the experimental results deviate from idealized assumptions of the models, which provides insight into the composite quality and the effectiveness of the used laminate squeeze casting technique. Specifically, discrepancies shed light on the interlaminate and fiber-matrix interface bond as well as on the stability of the laminate layers during fabrication. The two model approaches are in good agreement with differences below 8%. Moreover, the models agree with experimental data in predicting an overall improvement in properties with increasing carbon fiber content up to 4.89 vol%. Overall, the composite samples outperform the model predictions, which indicates good interface bonding. However, microstructure investigations also indicate that the outperformance is partly caused by a shifting of the carbon fibers during squeeze casting closer to the later bend tensile loaded surface due to their lower density compared to aluminum. The result is higher load bearing capacity of the composites than estimated by the models that assume perfectly symmetrical composite structure. The experimental outperformance in ultimate flexural strength vanishes at higher carbon fiber contents. This is due to imperfect interlaminate and fiber-matrix interfaces where some defects such as pores, carbides and oxide particles tend to locate, leading to damage initiation and potentially interface failure.
Image denoising by transfer learning of generative adversarial network for dental CT
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed A A , Cho Myung Hye , Lee Soo Yeol 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The successful development of the image denoising techniques for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) was largely owing to the public-domain availability of spatially-aligned high- and low-dose CT image pairs. Even though low-dose CT scans are also highly desired in dental imaging, public-domain databases of dental CT image pairs have not been established yet. In this paper, we propose a dental CT image denoising method based on the transfer learning of a generative adversarial network (GAN) from the public-domain CT images. We trained a generative adversarial network with the Wasserstein loss function (WGAN) using 5,100 high- and low-dose medical CT image pairs of human chest and abdomen. For the generative network of GAN, we used the U-net structure of five stages to exploit its high computational efficiency. After training the proposed network, named U-WGAN, we fine-tuned the network with 3,006 dental CT image pairs of two different human skull phantoms. For the high- and low-dose scans of the phantoms, we set the tube current of the dental CT to 10 mA and 4 mA, respectively, with the tube voltage set to 90 kVp in both scans. We applied the trained network to denoising of low-dose dental CT images of dental phantoms and adult humans. The U-net processed images showed over-smoothing effects even though U-net had a good performance in the quantitative metrics. U-WGAN showed similar denoising performance to WGAN, but it reduced the computation time of WGAN by a factor of 10. The fine-tuning procedure in the transfer learning scheme enhanced the network performance in terms of the quantitative metrics, and it also improved visual appearance of the processed images. Even though the number of fine-tuning images was very limited in this study, we think the transfer learning scheme can be a good option for developing deep learning networks for dental CT image denoising.
Screening Social Justice: Performing Reparative Shakespeare against Vocal Disability
Authors: Joubin Alexa Alice 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Many screen and stage adaptations of the classics are informed by a philosophical investment in literature’s reparative merit, a preconceived notion that performing the canon can make one a better person. Inspirational narratives, in particular, have instrumentalized the canon to serve socially reparative purposes. Social recuperation of disabled figures loom large in adaptation, and many reparative adaptations tap into a curative quality of Shakespearean texts. When Shakespeare’s phrases or texts are quoted, even in fragments, they serve as an index of intelligence of the speaker. Governing the disability narrative is the trope about Shakespeare’s therapeutic value. There are two strands of recuperative adaptations. The first is informed by the assumption that the dramatic situations exemplify moral universals. The second strand consists of adaptations that problematize heteronormativity and psychological universals in liberal humanist visions of the canon. This approach is self-conscious of deeply contextual meanings of the canon. As a result, it lends itself to the genres of parody, metatheatre, and metacinema. Through case studies of Tom Hooper’s King’s Speech, Cheah Chee Kong’s Chicken Rice War, and other adaptations that thematize vocal disorders, this article identifies a common trope in reparative performances of disability in order to highlight some questions the trope raises.
Current characteristics and early functional outcome of older stroke patients: a population-based study (Dijon Stroke Registry)
Authors: Béjot Yannick , Duloquin Gauthier , Graber Mathilde , Garnier Lucie , Mohr Sophie , Giroud Maurice 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
the ongoing growing and ageing population is associated with an increase in older patients suffering a stroke. We aimed to assess the current profile of these patients in a population-based setting.

Methods
all patients with acute stroke were prospectively identified among residents of Dijon, France, between 2013 and 2017, using a population-based registry. Characteristics and early outcome of patients were compared according to age groups.

Results
1,288 stroke cases were recorded (median age: 81.1 years, interquartile range: 66.1–86.7, 54% women). Patients aged 75–85 years and those &gt;85 years accounted for 27.6 and 33.9% of overall cases. Increasing age was associated with a greater prevalence of vascular risk factors, pre-existing cognitive impairment and handicap, higher initial severity, more frequent cardioembolic ischemic stroke, post-stroke pulmonary infection and delirium. Only 41% of patients aged 75–85 years and 18% of those aged &gt;85 years had a good early recovery. Compared with patients aged &lt;75 years, patients aged 75–85 years [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.61; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.74–3.93, P &lt; 0.001] and those aged &gt;85 years (adjusted OR = 7.18; 95% CI: 4.58–11.3, P &lt; 0.001) had an increased risk of poor post-stroke functional outcome. Among survivors, the proportion of patients discharged to home was 60% in age group &lt;75 years, compared with 49% in patients aged 75–85 years and 29% in those aged &gt;85 years. Thirty per cent of patients &gt;85 years old required a long-term care institution.

Conclusion
the increasing burden of stroke in older people has major implications for future treatment strategies and need for dedicated care facilities.
Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Herroelen Pauline H , Martens Geert A , De Smet Dieter , Swaerts Koen , Decavele An-Sofie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serology tests are clinically useful to document prior SARS-CoV-2 infections. Data are urgently needed to select assays with optimal sensitivity at acceptable specificity for antibody detection.

Methods
A comparative evaluation was performed of 7 commercial SARS-CoV-2 serology assays on 171 sera from 135 subjects with polymerase chain reaction–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (71 hospitalized patients and 64 paucisymptomatic individuals). Kinetics of IgA/IgM/IgG seroconversion to viral N and S protein epitopes were studied from 0 to 54 days after onset of symptoms. Cross-reactivity was verified on 57 prepandemic samples.

Results
Wantai SARS-COV-2 Ab ELISA and Orient Gene COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test showed superior overall sensitivity for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay and EUROIMMUN Anti-SARS-CoV-2 combined IgG/IgA showed acceptable sensitivity (&gt;95%) vs the consensus result of all assays from 10 days post onset of symptoms. Wantai SARS-COV-2 Ab ELISA, Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay, and Innovita 2019-nCoV Ab rapid test showed least cross-reactivity, resulting in an optimal analytical specificity greater than 98%.

Conclusions
Wantai SARS-COV-2 Ab ELISA and Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assays are suitable for sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from 10 days after onset of symptoms.
Biospecimen Collection During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lankes Heather A , Makhlouf Hala 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesMillions of biospecimens will be collected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As learned from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), proper biospecimen handling is necessary to prevent laboratory-related infections.MethodsCenters for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) interim biosafety guidelines continue to be updated. Presented here are additional considerations intended to complement the interim guidance. These considerations draw on prior SARS recommendations and recent COVID-19 reports.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 viral RNA has been detected in various biospecimen types; however, studies are needed to determine whether viral load indicates viable virus. Throughout the pandemic, biospecimens will be collected for various purposes from COVID-19 known and suspected cases, as well as presymptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Current data suggest the pandemic start may be as early as October 2019; thus, all biospecimens collected since could be considered potentially infectious.ConclusionsAll entities handling these biospecimens should do risk assessments in accordance with institutional policies and adhere to any guidance provided. The scientific community has a responsibility to safely handle and maintain all biospecimens collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Soon, it will be imperative to convene expert working groups to address the current and long-term storage and use of these biospecimens. Ideally, worldwide guidelines will be established to protect the personnel handling these biospecimens and communities at large.