bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical assessment of case‐based methods for drug safety alert identification in the French National Healthcare System database (SNDS): Methodology of the ALCAPONE project
Authors: Thurin Nicolas H. , Lassalle Régis , Schuemie Martijn , Pénichon Marine , Gagne Joshua J. , Rassen Jeremy A. , Benichou Jacques , Weill Alain , Blin Patrick , Moore Nicholas , Droz‐Perroteau Cécile 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo introduce the methodology of the ALCAPONE project.BackgroundThe French National Healthcare System Database (SNDS), covering 99% of the French population, provides a potentially valuable opportunity for drug safety alert generation. ALCAPONE aimed to assess empirically in the SNDS case‐based designs for alert generation related to four health outcomes of interest.MethodsALCAPONE used a reference set adapted from observational medical outcomes partnership (OMOP) and Exploring and Understanding Adverse Drug Reactions (EU‐ADR) project, with four outcomes—acute liver injury (ALI), myocardial infarction (MI), acute kidney injury (AKI), and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB)—and positive and negative drug controls. ALCAPONE consisted of four main phases: (1) data preparation to fit the OMOP Common Data Model and select the drug controls; (2) detection of the selected controls via three case‐based designs: case‐population, case‐control, and self‐controlled case series, including design variants (varying risk window, adjustment strategy, etc.); (3) comparison of design variant performance (area under the ROC curve, mean square error, etc.); and (4) selection of the optimal design variants and their calibration for each outcome.ResultsOver 2009‐2014, 5225 cases of ALI, 354 109 MI, 12 633 AKI, and 156 057 UGIB were identified using specific definitions. The number of detectable drugs ranged from 61 for MI to 25 for ALI. Design variants generated more than 50 000 points estimates. Results by outcome will be published in forthcoming papers.ConclusionsALCAPONE has shown the interest of the empirical assessment of pharmacoepidemiological approaches for drug safety alert generation and may encourage other researchers to do the same in other databases.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Age‐Related Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Natarajan Venkateswaran , Chawla Ritu , Mah Tania , Vivekanandan Rajesh , Tan Shu Yi , Sato Priscila Y , Mallilankaraman Karthik 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAging is a natural biological process in living organisms characterized by receding bioenergetics. Mitochondria are crucial for cellular bioenergetics and thus an important contributor to age‐related energetics deterioration. In addition, mitochondria play a major role in calcium signaling, redox homeostasis, and thermogenesis making this organelle a major cellular component that dictates the fate of a cell. To maintain its quantity and quality, mitochondria undergo multiple processes such as fission, fusion, and mitophagy to eliminate or replace damaged mitochondria. While this bioenergetics machinery is properly protected, the functional decline associated with age and age‐related metabolic diseases is mostly a result of failure in such protective mechanisms. In addition, metabolic by‐products like reactive oxygen species also aid in this destructive pathway. Mitochondrial dysfunction has always been thought to be associated with diseases. Moreover, studies in recent years have pointed out that aging contributes to the decay of mitochondrial health by promoting imbalances in key mitochondrial‐regulated pathways. Hence, it is crucial to understand the nexus of mitochondrial dysfunction in age‐related diseases. This review focuses on various aspects of basic mitochondrial biology and its status in aging and age‐related metabolic diseases.
A Zwitterionic Compound with Heterocyclic Ions as Promising Heat‐Resistant Explosive
Authors: Li Chuan , Deng Chenglong , Zhao Baojing , Wang Min , Zhang Man , Zhou Zhiming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA unique zwitterionic compound consisting of functionalized pyrazolate and triazolium ions was synthesized and characterized fully. The zwitterionic compound, 3,5‐dinitro‐4‐(3,4,5‐triamino‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ium‐1‐yl)‐4H‐pyrazol‐4‐ide (CPTY, 3), exhibits superhigh heat resistance, has a decomposition temperature of 335 °C, and is insensitive to impact and friction. In addition, owing to its high density (1.82 g cm−3) and positive heat of formation (555.9 kJ mol−1), its detonation velocity and pressure are acceptable high at 8750 m s−1 and 31.5 GPa, respectively. The highly attractive physicochemical and detonation properties of 3 make it promising for use as a heat‐resistant explosive.
Prognostic value of an inflammatory index for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Yamada Yasutaka , Sakamoto Shinichi , Rii Junryo , Yamamoto Satoshi , Kamada Shuhei , Imamura Yusuke , Nakamura Kazuyoshi , Komiya Akira , Nakatsu Hiroomi , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe inflammatory process has been reported to be involved in the formation and progression of various types of cancer. Recently, a peripheral inflammatory index, combining the derived neutrophils/(leukocytes minus neutrophils) ratio (dNLR) and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, was proposed as a useful prognostic marker in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. The prognostic value of inflammatory markers in prostate cancer has not been established. We aimed to validate the prognostic significance of this peripheral inflammatory index in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodsClinical data of 196 mCRPC patients were retrospectively collected from multiple institutions. Clinical factors and inflammatory markers at the development of CRPC, including white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, dNLR, neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐lymphocyte ratio, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and LDH levels, were evaluated. The patients were classified into three groups based on the inflammatory index: Good (low dNLR and LDH), Intermediate (high dNLR or LDH), and Poor (high dNLR and LDH). Overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival after CRPC were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan‐Meier methods.ResultsThe median age and baseline prostate‐specific antigen level were 75 years and 397.15 ng/mL, respectively. On multivariate analysis, dNLR (≥1.51; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.624;P = .0173), LDH (≥upper limit of normal; HR = 2.065;P = .0004), alkaline phosphatase (≥310 U/L; HR = 2.546;P < .0001), and positive N stage (HR = 1.621;P = .048) were associated with poor OS after CRPC, whereas other inflammatory markers including the NLR were not. The Good inflammatory index group showed significantly longer OS after CRPC compared to the Intermediate and Poor groups, with median survivals of 46.2, 28.9, and 16.6 months, respectively.ConclusionsThe novel inflammatory index combining dNLR and LDH was a useful prognostic parameter in patients with mCRPC. Our analysis suggested that dNLR emerged as a more valuable prognostic marker than NLR.
State and mode feedback control strategy for discrete‐time Markovian jump linear systems with time‐varying controllable mode transition probability matrix
Authors: Zhu Jin , Wu Xinghua , Li Chaoxiang , Dullerud Geir E. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this article, the state and mode feedback control strategy is investigated for the discrete‐time Markovian jump linear system (MJLS) with time‐varying controllable mode transition probability matrix (MTPM). This strategy, consisting of a state feedback controller and a mode feedback controller, is proposed to ensure MJLS's stability and meanwhile improve system performance. First, a mode‐dependent state feedback controller is designed to stabilize the MJLS based on the time‐invariant part of the MTPM such that it can still keep valid even if the MTPM is adjusted by the mode feedback control. Second, a generalized quadratic stabilization cost is put forward for evaluating MJLS's performance, which contains system state, state feedback controller, and mode feedback controller. To reduce the stabilization cost, a mode feedback controller is introduced to adjust each mode's occurrence probability by changing the time‐varying controllable part of MTPM. The calculation of such mode feedback controller is given based on a value‐iteration algorithm with its convergence proof. Compared with traditional state feedback control strategy, this state and mode feedback control strategy offers a new perspective for the control problem of general nonhomogeneous MJLSs. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the validity of the proposed strategy.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Humate‐Layer‐Based Bimetal Organic Framework Composites as High Rate‐Capability and Enery‐Density Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Xiaoqin , Yang Nana , Li Qiaoqin , He Fan , Yang Yufei , Cong Shaoling , Li Kanshe , Xiong Shanxin , Zhou Anning 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA humate‐layer‐based bimetal organic framework (HA‐NiCo‐BPDC) material is successfully synthesized using humate layers obtained by ultrasonic‐hydrothermal peeling as a substrate and BPDC as a ligand via a hydrothermal approach. It exhibits a porous composite structure in which flower‐like NiCo‐BPDC nanosheets are loaded on humate layers, originating a guiding effect of humate layers on the NiCo‐BPDC growth. HA‐NiCo‐BPDC owns a similar crystal structure to NiCo‐BPDC, in which humate and BPDC ions have coordinated with nickel or cobalt ions to form carboxylates. Nickel and cobalt ions present positive divalent states, and they have close ability to coordinate with BPDC or humate ions. Owing to unique hierarchical architectures and fascinating synergetic effects between NiCo‐BPDC nanosheets and humate layers, HA‐NiCo‐BPDC has high specific capacitance and rate capability, and low internal resistance and charge transfer resistance. It exhibits better rate capability than NiCo‐BPDC and larger specific capacitance than HA−Ni(Co)‐BPDC. Moreover, HA‐NiCo‐BPDC//rGO asymmetric supercapacitor has wide operating potential window, high energy density and cycling stability. All those show that HA‐NiCo‐BPDC composites are a promising electrode material for supercapacitors. This study exploits a novel way for value‐added applications of humates and their natural sources “humic acids”.
Detecting Stuxnet‐like data integrity attacks
Authors: Tuuli Siiskonen , Mika Rantonen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis work suggests and tests a solution for detecting loss of integrity with means of prediction in distributed, low‐power computing environment or when collecting relational data disconnected from original data source to data ecosystems. With graph convolution network and variational auto‐encoder, the proposed solution is able to detect data integrity attacks based on link prediction for datasets from various data sources without common data model. The solution has in‐built mechanism to prevent poisoning the detection capability, and it is resource efficient since it does not require extensive storage capability. Due to its programmatic nature and high ability to integrate, unsupervised learning‐based solution fits well in embedded system ecosystems' control functions where automated decisions are taken.
Probing dark matter freeze-in with long-lived particle signatures: MATHUSLA, HL-LHC and FCC-hh
Authors: No J.M. , Tunney P. , Zaldivar B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Collider searches for long-lived particles yield a promising avenue to probe the freeze-in production of Dark Matter via the decay of a parent particle. We analyze the prospects of probing the parameter space of Dark Matter freeze-in from the decay of neutral parent particles at the LHC and beyond, taking as a case study a freeze-in Dark Matter scenario via the Standard Model Higgs. We obtain the projected sensitivity of the proposed MATHUSLA surface detector (for MATHUSLA100 and MATHUSLA200 configurations) for long-lived particle searches to the freeze-in Dark Matter parameter space, and study its complementarity to searches by ATLAS and CMS at HL-LHC, as well as the interplay with constraints from Cosmology: Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Lyman-α forest observations. We then analyze the improvement in sensitivity that would come from a forward detector within a future 100 TeV pp-collider. In addition, we discuss several technical aspects of the present Dark Matter freeze-in scenario: the role of the electroweak phase transition; the inclusion of thermal masses, which have been previously disregarded in freeze-in from decay studies; the impact of 2 → 2 scattering processes on the Dark Matter relic abundance; and the interplay between freeze-in and super-WIMP Dark Matter production mechanisms.
Risk factors of non-union in intramedullary stabilized diaphyseal long bone fractures: identifying the role of fracture stabilization strategies and concomitant injuries
Authors: Hofman Martijn , Andruszkow Hagen , Heyer Frans L. , Kobbe Philipp , Hildebrand Frank , Poeze Martijn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Concomitant chest injury is known to negatively affect bone metabolism and fracture healing, whereas traumatic brain injury (TBI) appears to have positive effects on bone metabolism. Osteogenesis can also be influenced by the timing of fracture stabilization. We aimed to identify how chest injuries, TBI and fracture stabilization strategy influences the incidence of non-union.

Methods
Patients with long bone fractures of the lower extremities who had been treated between 2004 and 2014 were retrospectively analysed. Non-union was defined as fracture healing not occurring in the expected time period and in which neither progression of healing nor successful union is expected without intervention. Diverse clinical and radiological parameters were statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results
The total number of operations before consolidation was an independent predictor (odds ratio [OR] = 6.416, p < 0.001) for the development of non-union in patients with long bone fractures. More specifically, patients treated according to the damage control orthopaedics (DCO) principle had a significantly higher risk of developing a non-union than patients treated according to the early total care (ETC) principle (OR = 7.878, p = 0.005). Concomitant chest injury and TBI could not be identified as influencing factors for non-union development.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the number of operations performed in patients with long bone fractures should be kept as low as possible and that the indication for and the timing of DCO treatment should be meticulously noted to minimize the risk of non-union development.
Forecasting exports across Europe: What are the superior survey indicators?
Authors: Lehmann Robert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we systematically evaluate the potential of a bunch of survey-based indicators from different economic branches to forecasting export growth across a multitude of European countries. Our pseudo-out-of-sample analyses reveal that the best performing indicators beat a well-specified benchmark model in terms of forecast accuracy. It turns out that four indicators are superior: the Export Climate, the Production Expectations of domestic manufacturing firms, the Industrial Confidence Indicator, and the Economic Sentiment Indicator. Two robustness checks confirm these results. As exports are highly volatile and turn out to be a large demand-side component of gross domestic product, our results can be used by applied forecasters in order to choose the best performing indicators and thus increasing the accuracy of export forecasts.
Modulation of Transient Receptor Potential Channels 3 and 6 Regulates Osteoclast Function with Impact on Trabecular Bone Loss
Authors: Klein Sebastian , Mentrup Birgit , Timmen Melanie , Sherwood Joanna , Lindemann Otto , Fobker Manfred , Kronenberg Daniel , Pap Thomas , Raschke Michael J. , Stange Richard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnhanced osteoclast formation and function is a fundamental cause of alterations to bone structure and plays an important role in several diseases impairing bone quality. Recent work revealed that TRP calcium channels 3 and 6 might play a special role in this context. By analyzing the bone phenotype of TRPC6-deficient mice we detected a regulatory effect of TRPC3 on osteoclast function. These mice exhibit a significant decrease in bone volume per tissue volume, trabecular thickness and -number together with an increased number of osteoclasts found on the surface of trabecular bone. Primary bone marrow mononuclear cells from TRPC6-deficient mice showed enhanced osteoclastic differentiation and resorptive activity. This was confirmed in vitro by using TRPC6-deficient RAW 264.7 cells. TRPC6 deficiency led to an increase of TRPC3 in osteoclasts, suggesting that TRPC3 overcompensates for the loss of TRPC6. Raised intracellular calcium levels led to enhanced NFAT-luciferase reporter gene activity in the absence of TRPC6. In line with these findings inhibition of TRPC3 using the specific inhibitor Pyr3 significantly reduced intracellular calcium concentrations and normalized osteoclastic differentiation and resorptive activity of TRPC6-deficient cells. Interestingly, an up-regulation of TRPC3 could be detected in a cohort of patients with low bone mineral density by comparing micro array data sets of circulating human osteoclast precursor cells to those from patients with high bone mineral density, suggesting a noticeable contribution of TRP calcium channels on bone quality. These observations demonstrate a novel regulatory function of TRPC channels in the process of osteoclastic differentiation and bone loss.
Nonlocal Kirchhoff Problems with Singular Exponential Nonlinearity
Authors: Mingqi Xiang , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Zhang Binlin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we first develop the fractional Trudinger–Moser inequality in singular case and then we use it to study the existence and multiplicity of solutions for a class of perturbed fractional Kirchhoff type problems with singular exponential nonlinearity. Under some suitable assumptions, the existence of two nontrivial and nonnegative solutions is obtained by using the mountain pass theorem and Ekeland’s variational principle as the nonlinear term satisfies critical or subcritical exponential growth conditions. Moreover, the existence of ground state solutions for the aforementioned problems without perturbation and without the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition is investigated.
Prognostic factors for the outcome of needle aspiration of calcific deposits for rotator cuff calcific tendinitis
Authors: Oudelaar Bart W. , Huis In ‘t Veld Rianne , Schepers-Bok Relinde , Ooms Edwin M. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , Vochteloo Anne J. H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
To identify prognostic factors for the effectiveness of needle aspiration of calcific deposits (NACD) for rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT)

Methods
One hundred forty-nine patients with symptomatic RCCT were included in a prospective cohort study. Pain (VAS), shoulder function (SST and DASH), and quality of life (EQ-5D) were assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-NACD. Univariate analyses (independent t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests depending on the distribution of data) were performed to build a multivariable linear regression model. Stepwise regression analysis through backward elimination was performed to evaluate the effect of predefined prognostic factors on the outcome.

Results
Patients who underwent multiple NACD procedures had less reduction of pain (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a larger reduction in VAS pain scores at 3 months post-NACD was associated with a larger reduction in VAS pain scores at 12 months (p < 0.01). More improvement of SST and DASH scores at 3 months was associated with better SST, DASH, and EQ-5D scores at 12 months (p < 0.01). Smaller-size calcific deposits were associated with less improvement of DASH (p = 0.03) and EQ-5D scores (p = 0.01). A longer duration of symptoms prior to NACD was associated with less improvement of EQ-5D scores (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
A good initial response after NACD is associated with better outcomes at 12 months. Patients with a longer duration of symptoms prior to NACD and patients who require multiple procedures showed inferior outcomes in terms of pain reduction and improvement of quality of life. Smaller-size calcific deposits are associated with a less favorable outcome of shoulder function and quality of life scores and might therefore be less susceptible for NACD.

Key Points
• A good initial response to NACD is associated with a better outcome in the longer term.
• A longer duration of symptoms and the need for multiple NACD procedures are associated with inferior outcomes.
• Smaller-size calcific deposits seem less susceptible for NACD.
Use of oral contraceptives in BRCA mutation carriers and risk for ovarian and breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Huber D. , Seitz S. , Kast K. , Emons G. , Ortmann O. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
BRCA mutation carriers have an increased risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer. Oral contraception (OC) is known to increase breast cancer and reduce ovarian cancer risk in the general population. This review analyses the published data on OC and risk of cancer in BRCA mutation carriers.

Methods
We included all relevant articles published in English from 1995 to 2018. Literature was identified through a search on PubMed and Cochrane Library.

Results
We included four meta-analyses, one review, one case–control study and one retrospective cohort study on the association between ovarian cancer and OC in BRCA mutation carriers. All report a risk reduction for the OC users and several also describe an inverse correlation with duration of use. Regarding breast cancer, we included four meta-analyses, one review, one case–control study, two case-only studies, one prospective and one retrospective cohort study. Some studies report a risk elevation, while others did not find an association between OC use and breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers. In other studies, the association was limited to early-onset breast cancer and/or associated with young age at first start of OC.

Conclusion
Oral contraception leads to a risk reduction of ovarian cancer also in BRCA mutation carriers. An increase in breast cancer risk due to OC cannot be excluded. Women with BRCA mutation who consider OC use have to be informed about possible increase in breast cancer risk and alternative contraceptive methods. OC should not be used for the prevention of ovarian cancer in this population.