bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BRADSHAW: a system for automated molecular design
Authors: Green Darren V. S. , Pickett Stephen , Luscombe Chris , Senger Stefan , Marcus David , Meslamani Jamel , Brett David , Powell Adam , Masson Jonathan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper introduces BRADSHAW (BiologicalResponseAnalysis andDesignSystem using anHeterogenous,AutomatedWorkflow), a system for automated molecular design which integrates methods for chemical structure generation, experimental design, active learning and cheminformatics tools. The simple user interface is designed to facilitate access to large scale automated design whilst minimising software development required to introduce new algorithms, a critical requirement in what is a very fast moving field. The system embodies a philosophy of automation, best practice, experimental design and the use of both traditional cheminformatics and modern machine learning algorithms.
Gold nanoparticles attenuate albuminuria by inhibiting podocyte injury in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Alomari Ghada , Al-Trad Bahaa , Hamdan Salehhuddin , Aljabali Alaa , Al-Zoubi Mazhar , Bataineh Nesreen , Qar Janti , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Several recent studies have reported that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) attenuate hyperglycemia in diabetic animal models without any observed side effects. The present study was intended to provide insight into the effects of 50-nm AuNPs on diabetic kidney disease. Adult male rats were divided into three groups (n = 7/group): control (non-diabetic, ND), diabetic (D), and diabetic treated intraperitoneally with 50-nm AuNPs (AuNPs + D; 2.5 mg/kg/day) for 7 weeks. Diabetes was induced by a single-dose injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin. The result showed that AuNP treatment prevented diabetes-associated increases in the blood glucose level. Reduction in 24-h urinary albumin excretion rate, glomerular basement membrane thickness, foot process width, and renal oxidative stress markers was also demonstrated in the AuNP-treated group. In addition, the results showed downregulation effect of AuNPs in renal mRNA or protein expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), fibronectin, collagen IV, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Moreover, the protein expression of nephrin and podocin, podocyte markers, in glomeruli was increased in the AuNPs + D group compared with the D group. These results provide evidence that 50-nm AuNPs can ameliorate renal damage in experimental models of diabetic nephropathy through improving the renal function and downregulating extracellular matrix protein accumulation, along with inhibiting renal oxidative stress and amelioration of podocyte injury.
Effects of land cover changes and slope gradient on soil quality in the Gumara watershed, Lake Tana basin of North–West Ethiopia
Authors: Wubie Mesfin Anteneh , Assen Mohammed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated land cover change and slope gradient on selected soil quality parameters in the Gumara watershed, northwestern Ethiopia. 36 soil samples were collected from 0- to 20-cm depth under four land cover types across three slope gradients. The collected soil samples were analyzed for selected soil quality parameters. Result indicated that the bulk density of the soil is different (P < 0.001) in the watershed because of land cover change and slope gradient. Cultivated land and steeper slopes have the highest bulk density and lowest total porosity. On the other hand, the forestland and gentler slopes have lowest bulk density and high total porosity. Intensive cultivation accompanied by continuous conversion of forestland to cultivated land caused high bulk density and low total porosity. Cation exchange capacity, exchangeable magnesium total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium negatively correlated with slope gradient. Conversion of forestland to cultivated land contributed to changes in pH (P < 0.05) exchangeable calcium (P < 0.01), potassium (P < 0.001), available phosphorus (P < 0.01) and nitrogen (P < 0.01) content. The soil degradation index results showed that soil organic carbon, nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium contents declined and bulk density increased because of the land cover change. This negative effect on agricultural development and environmental health of the watershed makes an integrated land resource management approach vital for sustaining agricultural productivity and the environment health of the Gumara watershed.
Developing a university-wide academic integrity E-learning tutorial: a Canadian case
Authors: Benson Lyle , Rodier Kristin , Enström Rickard , Bocatto Evandro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Academic integrity has become a significant point of concern in the post-secondary landscape, and many institutions are now exploring ways on how to implement academic integrity training for students. This paper delineates the development of an Academic Integrity E-Learning (AIE-L) tutorial at MacEwan University, Canada. In its first incarnation, the AIE-L tutorial was intended as an education tool for students who had been found to violate the University’s Academic Integrity Policy. However, in a discourse of the academic integrity process, the University reimagined it from only emphasising the increased understanding and strengthened commitment of students found to have committed academic misconduct to a proactive focus with education for all students. The purpose of the present paper is three-fold: first, describe the development of the AIE-L tutorial as an experiential case study; second, improve the content of the AIE-L tutorial through students’ quantitative and qualitative feedback; third, calibrate the pre and post-test questions for content validity for a forthcoming large-scale measurement of the AIE-L tutorial effectiveness.
Translating innovation in biomedical research: Design and delivery of a competency-based regulatory science course
Authors: Greenberg-Worisek Alexandra J. , Cornelius Katherine E. , Cumba Garcia Luz , Enders Felicity T. , Shah Nilay D. , Windebank Anthony J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs the pace of biomedical innovation rapidly evolves, there is a need to train researchers to understand regulatory science challenges associated with clinical translation. We describe a pilot course aimed at addressing this need delivered jointly through the Mayo Clinic Center for Clinical and Translational Science and the Yale-Mayo Center for Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation. Course design was informed by the Association for Clinical and Translational Science’s Regulatory Science Working Group’s competencies. The course used didactic, case-, and problem-based learning sessions to expose students to regulatory science concepts. Course evaluation focused on student satisfaction and learning. A total of 25 students enrolled in the first two course deliveries. Students represented several disciplines and career stages, from predoctoral to faculty. Students reported learning “an incredible amount” (7/19, 36.8%) or “a lot” (9/19, 47.4%); this was reflected in individual coursework and their course evaluations. Qualitative feedback indicated that assignments that challenged them to apply the content to their own research were appreciated. The heterogeneity of students enrolled, coupled with assessments and course evaluations, supports the statement that there is a growing need and desire for regulatory science-focused curricula. Future research will determine the long-term impact.
Emergency Management for the Outpatient Health Care Environment
Authors: Paras Emma , Butler Matthew 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTUtilization of ambulatory and outpatient services for primary, specialty, and surgical care has risen in the United States over the last decade, in parallel with the evolution of health care emergency management. Regulatory and accreditation authorities; legislature and policies; and real-life events such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires throughout the country have caused health care systems to take a more all-hazards approach for emergency management. While health care emergency management has grown tremendously in significance, outpatient settings have yet to see the same growth. However, concepts of comprehensive emergency management and the incident command system are important and valuable across all health care system settings, including outpatient facilities. The purpose of this article is to summarize regulatory requirements for outpatient health care emergency management, describe nuances of outpatient settings, and provide recommendations for how to successfully incorporate outpatient and ambulatory locations into the “Enterprise” model for comprehensive health care emergency management.
Secrecy's subjects: Special operators in the US shadow war
Authors: Van Veeren Elspeth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article sets out a framework for studying the power of secrecy in security discourses. To date, the interplay between secrecy and security has been explored within security studies most often through a framing of secrecy and security as a ‘balancing’ act, where secrecy and revelation are binary opposites, and excesses of either produce insecurity. Increasingly, however, the co-constitutive relationship between secrecy and security is the subject of scholarly explorations. Drawing on ‘secrecy studies’, using the US ‘shadow war’ as an empirical case study, and conducting a close reading of a set of key memoirs associated with the rising practice of ‘manhunting’ in the Global War on Terrorism (GWoT), this article makes the case that to understand the complex workings of power within a security discourse, the political work of secrecy as a multilayered composition of practices (geospatial, technical, cultural, and spectacular) needs to be analysed. In particular, these layers result in the production and centring of several secrecy subjects that help to reproduce the logic of the GWoT and the hierarchies of gender, race, and sex within and beyond special operator communities (‘insider’, ‘stealthy’, ‘quiet’, and ‘alluring’ subjects) as essential to the security discourse of the US ‘shadow war’.
Knowing Full Well from Testimony?
Authors: Fricker Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTestimony poses a challenge to systematic epistemology. I cite two kinds of testimony situation where the recipient's belief is not safe, yet intuitively counts as knowledge. Can Sosa's more sophisticated virtue reliabilism, which theorises animal knowledge as apt belief, yield the intuitively correct verdict on these cases? Sosa shows that a belief can be apt, though it is not safe, and so it may seem a quick positive answer is forthcoming. However, I explore complications in applying his AAA framework, regarding what we take as the circumstances in which the subject's attempt is made: the AAA framework does not mandate a particular choice, yet this affects whether the attempt (in particular, a believing in the endeavour to attain truth) comes out as apt or not. I conclude that Sosa's theory is subject to a familiar charge: it does not give a reductive account of knowledge, since we must deploy independent intuitions about whether knowledge is gained in a case, in order to apply it.
Easy Knowledge, Circularity, and the Puzzle of Reliability Knowledge
Authors: Steup Matthias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAccording to externalist reliabilism and dogmatic foundationalism, it's possible to gain knowledge through a perceptual experience without being in a position to know that the experience is reliable. As a result, both of these views face the problem of making knowledge of perceptual reliability too easy, for they permit deducing perceptual reliability from particular perceptual experience without already knowing that these experiences are trustworthy. Ernest Sosa advocates a two-stage solution to the problem. At the first stage, a rich body of perceptual animal knowledge is acquired. At the second stage, perceptual knowledge becomes reflective after deducing perceptual reliability from the initial body of perceptual animal knowledge. I defend the alternative approach of rejecting both externalist reliabilism and dogmatic foundationalism. According to the alternative view, perceptual knowledge and knowledge of perceptual reliability require each other. Such a cognitive structure seems viciously circular. I propose that the appearance of vicious circularity dissipates when the relationship in question is viewed, not as one of temporal priority, but instead as synchronic mutual dependence. At a given time, one cannot have perceptual knowledge without knowledge of perceptual reliability, and vice versa. Such mutual dependence, I argue, is benign.
Counseling students’ attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine integration in counseling practice
Authors: Ong Lee Za , King Carrie L. , Jackson Hope A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study explored counseling students’ attitudes toward beliefs and personal experience with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) integration in counseling practices. A total of 113 clinical mental health counseling students completed a demographic questionnaire, the CAM use, and the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Beliefs Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, nonparametric Chi-Square testing, Mann–Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis to determine the prevalence of CAM use, CAM beliefs, and predictive factors of CAM integration. The results indicated differences in ethnicity, gender, and age for CAM use, CAM beliefs, and predictors of attitudes toward CAM integration. Recommendations for counseling practice and education regarding CAM use and community-based health promotion were discussed.
Population dynamics of shrimpPleoticus muelleriin an upwelling region and new implications for latitudinal gradient theories
Authors: Sancinetti Gustavo S. , Castilho Antônio L. , Wolf Milena R. , Costa Rogério C. , Azevedo Alexandre , Fransozo Adilson 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe population dynamics of shrimpPleoticus muelleriwas used as a model to verify if the trend of continuous reproduction periodicity, shorter body size and longevity, and early sexual maturity found in tropical regions is corroborated in upwelling regions. Shrimps were sampled in a region under the influence of upwelling (northern coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). Characteristics of bottom water were registered, and shrimps were measured (carapace length – CL) and classified by sex and gonadal development stages. Reproduction was seasonal, from September to December, and favoured by water mass intrusions of low temperatures and high chlorophyll concentrations. The greatest number of reproductive females preceded periods with the highest chlorophyll concentrations in the water column (cross-correlation;P< 0.05, lag (month) = −3,r= 0.50), suggesting greater developmental success of larval stage due to increase of food availability. Von Bertalanffy growth models resulted in asymptotic carapace length estimates of CL∞ = 40.21 mm and CL∞ = 36.78 mm for females and males, respectively. The reproductive and growth characteristics of theP. muelleripopulation studied herein were similar to that of populations from higher latitudes, demonstrating that the latitudinal pattern rule cannot be applied in regions influenced by an upwelling phenomenon.
Historicizing media, globalizing media research: infrastructures, publics, and everyday life
Authors: Schroeder Ralph 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVisions of media spanning the globe and connecting cultures have been around at least since the birth of telegraphy, yet they have always fallen short of realities. Nevertheless, with the internet, a global infrastructure has emerged, which, together with mobile and smartphones, has rapidly changed the media landscape. This far-reaching digital connectedness makes it increasingly clear that the main implications of media lie in the extent to which they reach into everyday life. This article puts this reach into historical context, arguing that, in the pre-modern period, geographically extensive media networks only extended to a small elite. With the modern print revolution, media reach became both more extensive and more intensive. Yet it was only in the late nineteenth century that media infrastructures penetrated more widely into everyday life. Apart from a comparative historical perspective, several social science disciplines can be brought to bear in order to understand the ever more globalizing reach of media infrastructures into everyday life, including its limits. To date, the vast bulk of media research is still concentrated on North America and Europe. Recently, however, media research has begun to track broader theoretical debates in the social sciences, and imported debates about globalization from anthropology, sociology, political science, and international relations. These globalizing processes of the media research agenda have been shaped by both political developments and changes in media, including the Cold War, decolonization, the development of the internet and other new media technologies, and the rise of populist leaders.
Implementing Gender Mainstreaming in Swedish Model Municipalities
Authors: Freidenvall Lenita , Ramberg Madeleine 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article analyzes the implementation of gender mainstreaming at the local level in Sweden by investigating implementation gaps in the operations of two municipalities, Eskilstuna and Jönköping. The study draws on the literature on policy implementation, particularly the dimensions of comprehension, capacity, and will, as well as the feminist institutional literature on resistance. The data are based on a micro-study of the implementation of gender mainstreaming in two model municipalities, comprising interviews with key actors and a document study. The study shows that the key obstacles to the implementation of gender mainstreaming are complacency—that is, the perception that work on gender mainstreaming is satisfactory and that no extra attention to the matter is needed—and the congestion of perspectives—the fact that the gender equality perspective must compete with other relevant perspectives, a process in which gender equality is often the loser. Another obstacle is lack of political will. However, lack of political will, even in model municipalities, may be compensated for by solid systems of governance. The study contributes to research on implementation theory and feminist institutionalism by demonstrating the gendered barriers and obstacles to affecting change, even in best-case scenarios.
The Quebec Newborn Twin Study at 21
Authors: Boivin Michel , Brendgen Mara , Dionne Ginette , Ouellet-Morin Isabelle , Dubois Lise , Pérusse Daniel , Robaey Philippe , Tremblay Richard E. , Vitaro Frank 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper is a revised and updated edition of a previous description of the Quebec Newborn Twin Study (QNTS), an ongoing prospective longitudinal follow-up of a birth cohort of twins born between 1995 and 1998 in the greater Montreal area, Québec, Canada. The goal of QNTS is to document individual differences in the cognitive, behavioral, and social-emotional aspects of developmental health across childhood, their early genetic and environmental determinants, as well as their putative role in later social-emotional adjustment, school, health, and occupational outcomes. A total of 662 families of twins were initially assessed when the twins were aged 6 months. These twins and their family were then followed regularly. QNTS now has 16 waves of data collected or planned, including 5 in preschool. Over the last 24 years, a broad range of physiological, cognitive, behavioral, school, and health phenotypes were documented longitudinally through multi-informant and multimethod measurements. QNTS also entails extended and detailed multilevel assessments of proximal (e.g., parenting behaviors, peer relationships) and distal (e.g., family income) features of the child’s environment. QNTS children and a subset of their parents have been genotyped, allowing for the computation of a variety of polygenic scores. This detailed longitudinal information makes QNTS uniquely suited for the study of the role of the early years and gene–environment transactions in development.
Space Weathering‐Induced Formation of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and Hydrogen Disulfide (H2S2) in the Murchison Meteorite
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Góbi Sándor , Abplanalp Matthew J. , Frigge Robert , Gillis‐Davis Jeffrey J. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTheoretical calculations and experimental simulations indicate that the surprisingly low sulfur abundance on the surfaces of spacecraft visited S‐type asteroids 433 Eros and 25143 Itokawa may be due to space weathering. Two current missions, Osiris‐Rex and Hayabusa 2, are studing asteroids 101955 Bennu (B‐type) and 162173 Ryugu (C‐type), respectively. Understanding space weathering effects related to sulfur containing species is only in the beginning stages and has not been studied from the point of view of C‐type asteroids. This laboratory study details the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen disulfide (H2S2) from conversion of nonvolatile‐sulfuretted species in the Murchison meteorite by exposure to energetic electrons and laser processing, which mimics the synergic effect of secondary electrons generated by galactic cosmic rays and high‐energy solar wind particles plus micrometeorite impact on airless bodies. The results indicate that space weathering processes likely induce depletion of sulfur on the surface of C‐type and undifferentiated S‐type asteroids. For keeping scientific integrity of these fragile species, cold/cryogenic curation of future collected samples from asteroids might be required.
Modeling the Suspended Sediment Transport in a Very Wide, Shallow, and Microtidal Estuary, the Río de la Plata, Argentina
Authors: Moreira Diego , Simionato Claudia G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe impact of the diverse processes responsible for the distribution of suspended sediments in the wide, shallow, and microtidal Río de la Plata estuary and the adjacent shelf is studied by means of a set of process‐oriented numerical simulations. Model results show that the large width and the geometry of the estuary play a major role in the sedimentation processes. The widening and deepening of the estuary drives a significant reduction in current speeds at (i) the confluence of the tributaries and (ii) downstream Barra del Indio Shoal. Thus, sediment deposition enhances downstream those areas. Even though tides are of small amplitude in the study area, they have a significant impact on lateral mixing and resuspension of the bottom sediments. Resuspension augments the concentration of fine sediments in the layers close to the bottom, but tidal energy is not enough to lift them to the surface. Winds (which can be quite strong over this area) enhance horizontal mixing, smoothing the pattern produced by tides. Wind waves increase the concentration of sediment by vertical mixing, and their effect is most evident along the southern coast where wind waves lift the sediments resuspended by tides to the surface. The estuarine circulations associated to the bottom salinity front acts retaining sediments upstream the Barra del Indio Shoal, where estuarine currents and flocculation play an important role in sediment deposition.