bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective Effects of Cyclosporine A Emulsion Versus Cyclosporine A Cationic Emulsion Against Desiccation Stress in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Hwang Sae-Byeok , Park Jin Hyoung , Kang Soon-Suk , Kang Dong Hyun , Lee Jae Hyuck , Oh Soo Jin , Lee Ji-Yoon , Kim Jae Yong , Tchah Hungwon 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
To compare the protective effects of cyclosporine A emulsion (Restasis: 0.05% cyclosporine A) (CsAE) and cyclosporine A cationic emulsion (Ikervis: 0.1% cyclosporine A) (CsACE) on cellular inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation, and survival in an in vitro dry eye model.

Methods:
The concentration of CsA in CsAE and CsACE was verified using a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry system. Human corneal epithelial cells were subjected to desiccation stress. Human corneal epithelial cells were incubated with or without 3 groups of cyclosporine A medium (CsAE 1:50, CsACE 1:50, and CsACE 1:100). p-NF-κB p65, p-IκBα, Bax, Bcl-xL, p-Erk1/2, and p-Akt levels were determined using Western blots, and TNF-α levels were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
The CsA concentration of CsACE 1:100 was nearly the same as that of CsAE 1:50. Compared with CsAE 1:50 (0.78 ± 0.19 fold), the p-NF-κB p65 level was further reduced in CsACE 1:50 (0.38 ± 1.20 fold) and 1:100 (0.29 ± 0.11 fold) as well as p-IκBα. Levels of TNF-α were also lower in CsACE 1:50 and 1:100 than in CsAE 1:50. Induction of the apoptotic protein Bax was significantly decreased in CsACE 1:50 and 1:100 compared with CsAE 1:50, whereas that of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL was increased in CsACE 1:50 and 1:100. p-ERK1/2 and p-Akt levels were higher in CsACE 1:50 and 1:100 than in CsAE 1:50.

Conclusions:
CsACE had more potent anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects than CsAE in a transwell desiccation stress model. CsACE also enhanced proliferation and survival factors under desiccation stress compared with CsAE in this in vitro dry eye model.
Fremanezumab and its isotype slow propagation rate and shorten cortical recovery period but do not prevent occurrence of cortical spreading depression in rats with compromised blood–brain barrier
Authors: Melo-Carrillo Agustin , Schain Aaron J. , Stratton Jennifer , Strassman Andrew M. , Burstein Rami 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Most centrally acting migraine preventive drugs suppress frequency and velocity of cortical spreading depression (CSD). The purpose of the current study was to determine how the new class of peripherally acting migraine preventive drug (ie, the anti-CGRP-mAbs) affect CSD—an established animal model of migraine aura, which affects about 1/3 of people with migraine—when allowed to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Using standard electrocorticogram recording techniques and rats in which the BBB was intentionally compromised, we found that when the BBB was opened, the anti-CGRP-mAb fremanezumab did not prevent the induction, occurrence, or propagation of a single wave of CSD induced by a pinprick, but that both fremanezumab and its isotype were capable of slowing down the propagation velocity of CSD and shortening the period of profound depression of spontaneous cortical activity that followed the spreading depolarization. Fremanezumab's inability to completely block the occurrence of CSD in animals in which the BBB was compromised suggests that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) may not be involved in the initiation of CSD, at least not to the extent that it can prevent its occurrence. Similarly, we cannot conclude that CGRP is involved in the propagation velocity or the neuronal silencing period (also called cortical recovery period) that follows the CSD because similar effects were observed when the isotype was used. These finding call for caution with interpretations of studies that claim to show direct central nervous system effects of CGRP-mAbs.
Use of Social Media for Injury Prevention: An Integrative Review
Authors: Zazzera Erin 
Published: December 2019

Traumatic injury is a substantial burden for public health. Injury prevention can reduce the risk of injury by promoting healthy behaviors. It is unknown whether injury prevention education shared on social media is effective at promoting behavior change to reduce injuries. The purpose of this integrative review is to identify the influence of social media in providing injury prevention education to the public. An integrative literature review was conducted. The following databases were searched: CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Applied Science & Technology Source. Studies were included if they were published between 2006 and 2018. Exclusion criteria included self-inflicted or intentional injuries, postinjury online interventions, support groups, online surveys, blogs, editorial content, YouTube videos, or studies of online surveillance tools.
The initial search yielded 583 studies. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Two major themes were identified: social media content analysis and injury prevention through social media.
The public is actively discussing injuries on social media, although unregulated online content may deliver inaccurate or false messages. Online conversation intensifies when major news stories are released, particularly when a celebrity or athlete is involved. Public health should use these patterns of major news stories to influence and shape online conversations about injury. Social media offers opportunity to understand, and trend, public perception of injuries. Additional research is needed to measure the effect of injury prevention delivered over social media.
The impact of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT imaging on management of patients with paragangliomas
Authors: Skoura Evangelia , Priftakis Dimitrios , Novruzov Fuad , Caplin Martyn E. , Gnanasegaran Gopinath , Navalkissoor Shaunak , Bomanji Jamshed 
Published: December 2019

Objective
Paragangliomas are rare tumours of neural crest origin that express high levels of somatostatin receptor. Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT is a widely accepted method for imaging of neuroendocrine tumours. This study was performed to review a Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT patient database and to establish the impact of the modality on patient treatment.

Methods
Demographic data, imaging data and change in management after Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT were evaluated.

Results
Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT scans were performed in 21 patients in whom paragangliomas had been confirmed after biopsy or surgery and in one patient with suspected paraganglioma. In most patients, the primary site was the organ of Zuckerkandl (12/22). Of the 22 Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT scans completed, 19 (86.4%) were positive and three (13.6%) negative. In 12 of 14 recurrent cases (90.9%), the treatment plan was changed after the Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT scan owing to new, unexpected findings, while it remained unchanged in two (9.1%). Regarding the change in treatment plan, in most instances the new treatment comprised peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).

Conclusion
Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT findings led to a change in the scheduled treatment plan in 90.9% of patients with suspected recurrence. The most frequent change consisted in initiation of PRRT due to disease recurrence or progression or detection of multiple metastases.
When is parenteral nutrition indicated in the hospitalized, acutely ill patient?
Authors: Fragkos Konstantinos C. , Sebepos-Rogers Gregory , Rahman Farooq 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of reviewThe current review discusses current practices regarding appropriate indications for parenteral nutrition in acutely ill hospitalized patients. We address-specific indications for parenteral nutrition in the perioperative period, and in inflammatory bowel disease, oncology, hepatobiliary, critical care and end-stage renal disease patients.Recent findingsAcutely ill hospitalized patients can develop intestinal failure requiring parenteral nutrition. Recent studies have provided insight into the main indications. The most common indications for inpatient parenteral nutrition include postsurgical complications, including prolonged ileus, sepsis, fistula and leaks, and bowel obstruction, predominantly malignant. Severe or complicated inflammatory bowel disease and cancer treatment-related mucosal enteropathies (mucositis, enterocolitis, gut graft-versus-host disease) are the next commonest indications. Less frequent indications are primary motility disorders and inability to secure enteral access for enteral nutrition. Gastrointestinal failure of the intensive care patient is a separate entity resulting from multiple mechanisms, including an enteropathy and dysmotility.SummaryDespite the wider availability of nutrition support teams, use of parenteral nutrition is not without risk. The risks and benefits of parenteral nutrition in the acute setting need to be carefully considered even when it is indicated.
Management of the penile squamous cell carcinoma patient after node positive radical inguinal lymph node dissection: current evidence and future prospects
Authors: de Vries Hielke M. , Ottenhof Sarah R. , van der Heijden Michiel S. , Pos Floris J. , Horenblas Simon , Brouwer Oscar R. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
The level of evidence for current (adjuvant) treatment strategies after node positive inguinal lymphadenectomy is relatively low because of a paucity of prospective studies and controversy exist between the two major guidelines. The present review aims to provide a review of current literature on the available treatment options of patients after a tumor positive inguinal lymph node dissection.

Recent findings
Patients without inguinal extranodal extension or less than two tumor positive inguinal nodes are at low risk of ipsilateral pelvic nodal disease. Patients with pN1 disease are unlikely to benefit from adjuvant treatment, whereas patients with pN2 disease might benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. For patients with high risk of pelvic nodal disease, prophylactic pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is advised by current guidelines. The InPACT study investigates whether adjuvant chemoradiotherapy could be used instead of prophylactic PLND. Subgroup analyses of retrospective cohorts suggest that patients with pN3 disease based on tumor positive pelvic nodes may benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Given the weak level of evidence and substantial toxicity associated with current regimens, adjuvant chemotherapy cannot be generally recommended.

Summary
Despite current treatment strategies, patients with pN2–pN3 disease still have a poor prognosis. Prospective international multicenter studies are necessary to identify the best treatment options for patients with advanced node positive penile squamous cell carcinoma.
Priorities for Cancer Research From the Viewpoints of Cancer Nurses and Cancer Patients
Authors: Cadorin Lucia , Bressan Valentina , Truccolo Ivana , Suter Nicoletta 
Published: December 2019

Background
Setting priorities in oncology is a useful way to produce a robust set of research questions that researchers can address.

Objective
The aim of this review was to describe cancer nurses and patients' main research priorities and describe their development over time.

Methods
A mixed-method systematic review was conducted for the period from 2000 to 2018 through a search of multiple databases. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool, and the process of setting the health research priorities was assessed using Viergever's tool. Each study's top research priorities were extracted and summarized in categories.

Results
Fifteen studies were included: 13 addressed nurses' research priorities, and 2 focused on those of patients. The majority were Delphi and quantitative studies that were conducted in the United States and United Kingdom. The quality criteria score and the quality of the process were considered sufficiently good. The most important research priorities were categorized as disease control and management, patient-related issues, and professional dimensions and issues. Management of symptoms and pain, education, information, and communication were research priorities always present in the articles during the study period.

Conclusion
Priorities change over time and depend on several factors; however, some have remained consistent for the last 18 years. Although there is increasing emphasis on including patients in establishing research priorities that inform cancer care, this involvement is still lacking.

Implications for Practice
Future studies should describe the primary cancer research priorities of nurses in collaboration with patients.
Observation and Imitation of Social Emotions Are Essential for Improving Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia
Authors: Yeh Pin-Yang , Yu Lifa , Guo Nai-Wen , Lin Wei-Che , Wu Ching-Kuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
People with schizophrenia often demonstrate deficits in theory of mind (ToM), which may be addressed via social cognition training that includes observation and imitation of social emotions. We examined the effect of observation and imitation on ToM and whether computerized cognitive training (CCT) can improve ToM. Among 14 controlled trials, 264 of 494 people with schizophrenia received treatment. Observation and imitation of social emotions improved cognitive (g = 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.76) and affective ToM (g = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.34–0.73), versus treatment as usual or cognitive rehabilitation alone. CCT did not significantly enhance affective ToM (p = 0.42); however, cognitive ToM improvements without CCT (g = 1.20; 95% CI, 0.78–1.61) were superior to those with CCT (g = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.02–0.64; p < 0.01). Observation and imitation of social emotions are essential for improving ToM in schizophrenia, but CCT may not improve ToM.
Pharmacogenomic Testing in Psychiatry
Authors: Rakesh Gopalkumar , Sumner Calvin R. , Alexander Jeanne Leventhal , Gross Lawrence S. , Pine Janet , Slaby Andrew , Garakani Amir , Baron David 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pharmacogenomic testing in clinical psychiatry has grown at an accelerated pace in the last few years and is poised to grow even further. Despite robust evidence lacking regarding efficacy in clinical use, there continues to be growing interest to use it to make treatment decisions. We intend this article to be a primer for a clinician wishing to understand the biological bases, evidence for benefits, and pitfalls in clinical decision-making. Using clinical vignettes, we elucidate these headings in addition to providing a perspective on current relevance, what can be communicated to patients, and future research directions. Overall, the evidence for pharmacogenomic testing in psychiatry demonstrates strong analytical validity, modest clinical validity, and virtually no evidence to support clinical use. There is definitely a need for more double-blinded randomized controlled trials to assess the use of pharmacogenomic testing in clinical decision-making and care, and until this is done, they could perhaps have an adjunct role in clinical decision-making but minimal use in leading the initial treatment plan.
Principal Diagnoses in Psychiatric Outpatients With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Kiefer Reina , Chelminski Iwona , Dalrymple Kristy , Zimmerman Mark 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, we examined the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 3800 psychiatric outpatients with different principal diagnoses. For all disorders identified as a principal diagnosis, we compared patients' odds ratios of PTSD to all other patients in the sample. Approximately one-sixth of the sample (n = 663, 17.4%) was diagnosed with PTSD, including 417 patients with current PTSD and 246 with PTSD in partial remission. Patients with principal bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) demonstrated higher rates of PTSD compared with those without principal bipolar and MDD. For most psychiatric outpatients with PTSD, the principal diagnosis for which they seek treatment is not PTSD, but rather a mood disorder. This highlights the importance of screening for PTSD, particularly in patients with a principal diagnosis for which the prevalence of PTSD is relatively high, namely, MDD, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, and borderline personality disorder.
Anti–Jo-1 Syndrome Often Misdiagnosed as Rheumatoid Arthritis (for Many Years)
Authors: Kumar Rajiv Ranjan , Jha Saket , Dhooria Aadhaar , Naidu G.S.R.S.N.K , Minz Ranzana W. , Kumar Susheel , Sharma Shefali Khanna , Sharma Aman , Jain Sanjay , Dhir Varun 
Published: December 2019

Background
Antisynthetase syndrome is characterized by a triad of myositis, arthritis, and interstitial lung disease. Anti–Jo-1 is the most common associated autoantibody. This study planned to look at the presentation of anti–Jo-1 antisynthetase syndrome in a single Indian center.

Methods and Materials
This was a medical records review single-center study that included patients with anti–Jo-1 antisynthetase syndrome over 10 years.

Results
This study included 27 patients with anti–Jo-1 antisynthetase syndrome, with mean age of 40 ± 9.2 years and female preponderance (female-to-male ratio, 4:1). At presentation, the characteristic triad was present in only 4 patients. A majority presented with the incomplete form, with 2 clinical features (of triad) in 11 and single feature (of triad) being present in 12 patients at initial presentation. Seven presented only with polyarthritis, out of which 6 had been earlier diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. Time gap from diagnosis of “rheumatoid arthritis” to antisynthetase syndrome ranged from 3 to 20 years. In patients who had only arthritis in the beginning, there was a significantly longer delay to diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome, higher frequency of rheumatoid factor, and lower frequency of anti–Ro-52. Overall, outcome was good, with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group class 1 or 2 in most except 2 patients.

Conclusions
Anti–Jo-1 antisynthetase syndrome commonly presented as incomplete (not a triad) and often only with arthritis. These patients are diagnosed and treated as rheumatoid arthritis for many years, before a diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome is made. Being aware of this presentation may help in earlier diagnosis by actively searching for subtle clues.
Measuring Serum Sclerostin in Egyptian Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Evaluating Its Effect on Disease Activity
Authors: Fayed Ahmed , Soliman Ahmed , Elgohary Rasmia 
Published: December 2019

Objective
Sclerostin is an osteocyte-secreted protein that downregulates bone formation by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Sclerostin can be induced by inflammation, and high levels have been reported in patients with proteinuria and renal impairment. Studies evaluating the role of sclerostin in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are scarce. This study aims to measure serum sclerostin in SLE patients and correlate its level with bone biomarkers and disease activity, particularly in lupus nephritis and arthritis. Finally, we evaluated factors that may predict sclerostin concentrations.

Methods
This cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted from May 2017 to April 2018. Serum sclerostin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 100 SLE patients, including 50 patients with current lupus nephritis and 27 patients with current arthritis, as well as in 50 healthy controls. Correlation analysis of serum sclerostin with demography, bone biomarkers, and disease activity in SLE patients was carried out.

Results
Sclerostin levels were significantly elevated in SLE patients, particularly those with lupus nephritis, compared with healthy controls. Higher levels were identified in patients without arthritis compared with those with; however, the former group had more proteinuria and renal impairment. Significant correlations were observed between sclerostin levels and serum creatinine, proteinuria, consumed C3 and C4 complement, and corrected Ca. Using multiple linear regression, proteinuria was the only significant predictor for serum sclerostin in SLE patients.

Conclusions
This study is the first to report that serum sclerostin is associated with proteinuria in SLE patients and could be used as a valuable biomarker for lupus nephritis.
Online interventions to address body image distress in cancer
Authors: Esplen Mary Jane , Trachtenberg Lianne 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
Body image is a critical psychosocial issue for patients with cancer, because of the profound effects the disease and its treatment can have on appearance and bodily functioning. Adverse psychological effects of body image changes associated with cancer include debilitating levels of anxiety, social avoidance, depression, problems with intimacy and impaired sexuality, and feelings of shame/inadequacy. The construct of body image is increasingly recognized as complex and multifaceted from an embodied lens, creating more meaningful and efficacious interventions. Although there is some evidence now for in-person interventions, more research is needed in online and in-person interventions, particularly beyond what has been demonstrated in breast cancer. There is also need to address concerns around the practical and psychosocial barriers that can diminish access to, and participation in such individual or group interventions. Internet-based interventions offer opportunity for greater access to tailored psychosocial care.

Recent findings
An emerging conceptualization of body image for cancer patients is discussed. Internet-delivered interventions targeting body image are outlined; the majority are pilot trials and those developed for breast cancer patients. Challenges found in online interventions are also discussed.

Summary
Internet-delivered body image interventions would benefit from a broader conceptualization of body image, greater methodological rigor, and investigations focused on a broader range of cancer populations, beyond patients with breast cancer. Future research is needed to develop, test, and identify who can benefit from online interventions within cancer care.
The Use of Cannabis as a Treatment for Epilepsy in Adult Patients: Are Side Effects a Limitation of Use?
Authors: Téllez-Zenteno Jose F. , Ladino Lady D. , Hernández-Ronquillo Lizbeth 
Published: December 2019

Summary:Marijuana is the dried leaves, stems, and flowers of a 1- to 5-m weed originating from Central Asia. The most common varieties areCannabis sativaandCannabis indica. It is usually inhaled as smoke but can also be used as a vapor, taken by mouth as a spray, ingested in tea or as butter in baked goods, or in capsule form and used as an oil. Cannabis has been widely used to treat many medical conditions such as multiple sclerosis symptoms, mood disorders, pain, sleep disorders, and seizures among others. Preclinical and clinical studies have been done over the past decade, among them there are few randomized placebo-controlled trials. In the last few years, Cannabis has been proposed as a potential therapy for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. This review analyzes the best information about the use of cannabis in adult patients, reviewing aspects of efficacy and safety.