bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of functional performance tests and simple anthropomorphic measures to screen for comorbidity in primary care
Authors: Nevill Alan , Duncan Michael , Cheung Daphne S. K. , Wong Anthony S. W. , Kwan Rick Yiu Cho , Lai Claudia K. Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany older adults are unaware that they have comorbid diseases. Increased adiposity and reduced muscle mass are identified as key contributors to many chronic diseases in older adults. Understanding the role they play in the development of comorbidities in older populations is of prime importance.ObjectivesTo identify the optimal body shape associated with three common functional performance tests and to determine which anthropometric and functional performance test best explains comorbidity in a sample of older adults in Hong Kong.MethodsA total of 432 older adults participated in this cross‐sectional study. Researchers assessed their body height, body mass index, waist circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio, handgrip strength (kg), functional reach (cm) and results in the timed‐up‐and‐go (TUG) test (seconds). The Charlson Comorbidity Index was used to assess comorbidity.ResultsAllometric modelling indicated that the optimal body shape associated with all functional performance tests would have required the participants to be taller and leaner. The only variable that predicted comorbidity was the TUG test. The inclusion of body size/shape variables did not improve the prediction model.ConclusionPerformance in the TUG test alone was found to be capable of identifying participants at risk of developing comorbidities. The TUG test has potential as a screening tool for the early detection of chronic diseases in older adults.Implications for PracticeMany older people are unaware of their own co‐existing illnesses when they consult physicians for a medical condition. TUG can be a quick and useful screening measure to alert nurses in primary care to the need to proceed with more detailed assessments. It is an especially useful screening measure in settings with high patient volumes and fiscal constraints. TUG is low cost and easy to learn and is therefore also relevant for nurses and health workers in low‐resource, low‐income countries.
A comparison of figure‐of‐8‐suture versus manual compression for venous access closure after cardiac procedures: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Mujer Mark Terence , Al‐Abcha Abdullah , Flores Jairus , Saleh Yehia , Robinson Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundManual compression (MC) is the current standard to achieve postprocedural hemostasis in patients who need venous vascular access closure after cardiovascular procedures. Figure‐of‐8 (F8) suture for venous access closure has been reported to be a safe and efficacious alternative to MC.MethodsA systematic search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restriction up until April 15, 2020 for studies comparing F8 suture versus MC. Risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random effects model.ResultsTime to achieve hemostasis was significantly reduced in the F8 arm [MD −21.04 min (95% CI: −35.66 to −6.42; P = .005)]. Access site bleeding was significantly lower in the F8 group [RR 0.35 (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.66; P = .001)] along with a lower incidence of hematoma formation [RR 0.42 (95% CI: 0.26 to 0.67; P = .0003)]. There was no significant difference in rates of fistula or pseudoaneurysm formation between the two groups. Overall access site complications were lower in the F8 arm [RR 0.38 (95% CI: 0.26 to 0.55; P < .00001)] and the effect was more pronounced for sheaths ≥10 Fr [RR 0.33 (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.60; P = .0003)]. There was lower postprocedural protamine use in the F8 group [RR 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.36; P = .001)].ConclusionFor large‐bore venous access closure, the F8 suture results in a shortened time to achieve hemostasis along with a lower overall risk of access site complications and postprocedural protamine use.
Unrelenting facial segmental hemangiomas: A case series of late growth and recurrent ulcerations
Authors: Fernandez Faith Esteban , Cordisco Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLate growth of infantile hemangiomas is an uncommon complication. We report three patients with segmental facial hemangiomas who experienced late growth and recurrent ulceration predominantly of the lower lip. These patients shared common clinical features including involvement of the S3 facial segment, oral and airway hemangiomas, and vascular anomalies associated with PHACE syndrome. This report highlights a clinical presentation at‐risk for late growth and recurrent ulceration.
Wittgenstein and the Method of von Wright’s Varieties of Goodness
Authors: Venturinha Nuno 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere has been a recent revival of interest in the relationship between Wittgenstein and von Wright’s Varieties of Goodness. In this paper, I discuss some early versions of the published text which make clear that Wittgenstein’s influence is indeed behind many claims made in the Varieties. On the one hand, there is a reaction to the Tractarian transcendentalism as a form of essentialism. On the other hand, there is an endorsement of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy, particularly of the conceptual investigations carried out after the “Blue Book”, with the notion of “family‐resemblance” assuming a particular significance in von Wright’s descriptive method.
Beyond Borders: The Euro Crisis and Public Support for Monetary Integration in East Africa
Authors: Bizuneh Menna , Buigut Steven , Valev Neven 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe show that economic experiences in one part of the world affect proposed policies elsewhere. Specifically, we find that the recent crisis in the European Monetary Union (EMU) has impacted negatively the public support for the new proposed monetary union in the East African Community (EAC), with a more pronounced effect for less educated Kenyans. That external effect is robust to controlling for an array of other factors such as the expected economic benefits from the union, the desire to gain international influence as part of a larger community and the memory of an earlier failed EAC monetary union.
Welfare Chauvinism? Refugee Flows and Electoral Support for Populist‐Right Parties in Industrial Democracies
Authors: Vadlamannati Krishna Chaitanya 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThe objective of this article is to examine whether refugee flows are associated with an increase in electoral support for populist‐right parties. The empirical evidence on this so far remains mixed. This article argues that refugee inflows alone are an inaccurate predictor of the success of populist‐right parties. Rather, refugee inflows can lead to a rise in electoral support for populist‐right parties where traditional welfare states are expansive—the so‐called welfare chauvinism argument, wherein natives already dependent on high levels of social welfare are likely to see refugees as interlopers who free‐ride on welfare and thereby threaten the welfare of locals.MethodsThis article deploys Tobit and OLS fixed effect estimators in panel data covering 27 OECD countries during the period 1990–2014 (25 years).ResultsThere is no evidence to suggest that refugee inflows per se increase electoral support for populist‐right parties. However, a positive effect of refugee inflows on electoral support for populist‐right parties is conditional upon a higher degree of social welfare spending, which supports the propositions of “welfare chauvinism.” Moreover, support for populist‐right parties increases when the degree of labor market regulation and welfare spending is high. These results are robust to alternative data, sample, and estimation techniques.ConclusionThe results suggest that societies with higher levels of social protection through high taxes might fuel “welfare chauvinism,” in which the segments of native population fear significant welfare losses from inflow of refugees.
Decision‐based learning in religious education
Authors: Plummer Kenneth , Taeger Stephan , Burton Melissa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStudent learning in religious educational settings is subject to the same pedagogical forces, both effective and ineffective, as found in secular settings. Lectures, readings, assignments, testing and other activities associated with typical instruction, while of some value, tend to leave students with knowledge that is mostly fragmented. In this paper, we explore the use of an innovative pedagogy called decision‐based learning that is designed to assist students in organizing their knowledge of historical and scriptural content more efficiently than they do with traditional instruction. This preliminary study represents an attempt to capture student impressions of this innovative pedagogy. Students' overall impressions were positive; they reported an enhanced sense of realism for the sacred text as well as an improved overall understanding of the historical content. A few recommendations are also made regarding usability and curriculum integration.
Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) Blood groups in India: A systematic review
Authors: Patidar Gopal K. , Dhiman Yashaswi 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundBlood group selection can be influenced by environmental, geographical conditions and migration frequency of population. Knowledge about distribution of blood groups is important for inventory management and disease trends in relation to blood groups. Aim of this systematic review was to know the distribution of ABO & Rh (D) blood groups in India.MethodsThis systematic review was based on literature search from January 2001 to December 2018 on ABO and Rh (D) distribution in all states of India. We divided India into five regions according to geographical area. Same blood group individuals from all the states were added, and a national data was compiled. Gene frequency was estimated using Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.ResultsOut of total 112 studies from 23 states of India a total of 1 429 996 donors’ data was analysed. Overall distribution of the A, B, O and AB blood groups in India is 23·16%, 34·10%, 34·56% and 8·18%, respectively. Rh(D)‐positive and Rh(D)‐negative population are 94·13% and 5·87%, respectively. Calculated allelic frequencies are 0·5879, 0·1719 and 0·2402 for IO(r), IA(p) and IB(q), respectively. The allelic frequency is 0·7577, and 0·2423 for ID(v) and Id(u), respectively. Blood group B is common in central (36·18%) region while group O is common in southern (38·95%) region.ConclusionOur results showed that allelic frequency of blood group O was greater than B in India. This suggests that along with genetic influence, environmental factors and natural selection also play an important role in shaping blood group frequency in specific region.
First glimpse into the origin and spread of the Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, in the United States
Authors: Egizi Andrea , Bulaga‐Seraphin Leslie , Alt Erika , Bajwa Waheed I. , Bernick Joshua , Bickerton Matthew , Campbell Scott R. , Connally Neeta , Doi Kandai , Falco Richard C. , Gaines David N. , Greay Telleasha L. , Harper Vanessa L. , Heath Allen C.G. , Jiang Ju , Klein Terry A. , Maestas Lauren , Mather Thomas N. , Occi James L. , Oskam Charlotte L. , Pendleton Jennifer , Teator Marissa , Thompson Alec T. , Tufts Danielle M. , Umemiya‐Shirafuji Rika , VanAcker Meredith C. , Yabsley Michael J. , Fonseca Dina M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEstablished populations of Asian longhorned ticks (ALT), Haemaphysalis longicornis, were first identified in the United States (US) in 2017 by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) ‘barcoding’ locus followed by morphological confirmation. Subsequent investigations detected ALT infestations in 12, mostly eastern, US states. To gain information on the origin and spread of US ALT, we (1) sequenced cox1 from ALT populations across 9 US states and (2) obtained cox1 sequences from potential source populations [China, Japan and Republic of Korea (ROK) as well as Australia, New Zealand and the Kingdom of Tonga (KOT)] both by sequencing and by downloading publicly available sequences in NCBI GenBank. Additionally, we conducted epidemiological investigations of properties near its initial detection locale in Hunterdon County, NJ, as well as a broader risk analysis for importation of ectoparasites into the area. In eastern Asian populations (China/Japan/ROK), we detected 35 cox1 haplotypes that neatly clustered into two clades with known bisexual versus parthenogenetic phenotypes. In Australia/New Zealand/KOT, we detected 10 cox1 haplotypes all falling within the parthenogenetic cluster. In the United States, we detected three differentially distributed cox1 haplotypes from the parthenogenetic cluster, supporting phenotypic evidence that US ALT are parthenogenetic. While none of the source populations examined had all three US cox1 haplotypes, a phylogeographic network analysis supports a northeast Asian source for the US populations. Within the United States, epidemiological investigations indicate ALT can be moved long distances by human transport of animals, such as horses and dogs, with smaller scale movements on wildlife. These results have relevant implications for efforts aimed at minimizing the spread of ALT in the United States and preventing additional exotic tick introductions.
Simulation of Nonlinear Heat Conduction in Perforated Material by Improved Moving Particle Semi-Implicit Method
Authors: Wang Jianqiang , Zhang Xiaobing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An improved moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method is presented to simulate heat conduction with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. Based on Taylor expansion, a modified Laplacian operator is proposed, and its accuracy in irregular particle distributions is verified. Two problems are considered: (1) heat conduction in a one-dimensional (1D) slab and (2) heat conduction in a perforated sector with different boundary conditions. Consistent results with a mesh-based method are obtained, and the feasibility of the proposed method for heat conduction simulation with temperature-dependent conductivity is demonstrated.
Worth the Weight? Post Weigh-In Rapid Weight Gain is Not Related to Winning or Losing in Professional Mixed Martial Arts
Authors: Kirk Christopher , Langan-Evans Carl , Morton James P. 
Published: July 2020

Body mass (BM) manipulation via rapid weight loss (RWL) and rapid weight gain (RWG) is a common practice among mixed martial art (MMA) athletes to ensure qualification for the division in which the athlete wishes to compete. Professional MMA competitors in California are required to weigh in twice: 24 hr prior to competition and immediately prior to the bout after they have typically engaged in RWG. In analyzing data from five MMA events sanctioned by the Californian State Athletic Commission, the authors used Bayesian analyses to compare bout winners (n = 62) and losers (n = 62) in terms of in-competition BM (in kilograms) and the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (in kilograms). These data do not support the hypothesis that differences in in-competition BM (Bayes factor [BF10] = 0.667, d = 0.23) or the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (BF10 = 0.821, d = 0.23) determine winning or losing. In addition, there was no statistical difference between bouts ending via strikes, submission, or decision for either in-competition BM (BF10 = 0.686, ω2 < 0.01) or the amount of BM regained between the two weigh-ins (BF10 = 0.732, ω2 = 0.054). In conclusion, the authors report for the first time that the magnitude of RWG does not predict winning or losing in a professional cohort of MMA athletes. In addition, they also report that MMA athletes typically compete at a BM that is at least 1–2 divisions higher than the division in which they officially weighed-in. These analyses may provide impetus for governing bodies and coaches to enact changes at both professional and amateur levels to reduce negative health consequences associated with extreme RWL and RWG.
Skin Temperature, Training Load, and Subjective Muscle Soreness in Junior Endurance Athletes: A Case Study
Authors: Jones Thomas W. , Shillabeer Barry C. , Cardinale Marco 
Published: July 2020

Context:The application of infrared thermography to assess the effects of athletic training is increasing. It is not known if changes in skin temperature (Tsk) as assessed by infrared thermography are affected by the training load or the muscle soreness experienced by the athlete.Purpose:To describe the variations in Tsk in body areas affected by running training and examine any relationships with subjective ratings of muscle soreness. The secondary aim was to assess the feasibility of using infrared thermography for assessing training load in 2 junior male middle-distance athletes.Methods:Data were collected over a 42-d observational period with Tsk of the quadriceps, knees, shins, lateral hamstrings, biceps femoris, and Achilles tendons, and the subjective ratings of muscle soreness were taken each morning prior to any training. All training load was quantified through heart rate, running speed, and distance covered. Changes in Tsk outside the typical error were identified. Relationships between Tsk and subjective ratings of muscle soreness were also examined.Results:Over the 42-d observational period, mean Tsk of the regions of interest was reported outside the typical error on day 31 and day 22 for athletes 1 and 2, respectively. These changes in Tsk did not follow trends similar to those of to training loadings. No significant relationships were observed between Tsk of any regions of interest and muscle soreness.Conclusions:Although Tsk changed outside the typical error throughout the 42-d observational period, these changes were not reflective of training load quantified through cardiovascular strain or subjective ratings of muscle soreness.
Recovery from work: testing the effects of chronic internal and external workload on health and well-being
Authors: Cropley Mark , Rydstedt Leif W , Andersen David 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of reduced recovery opportunities on health, associated with chronic internal workload (ie, during work) and external workload (ie, following work).MethodsData from two consecutive surveys (2013 and 2016) from the Norwegian Living Conditions Survey on Work Environment were used. To assess a dose–response association between workload and health, self-reported ratings of internal workload (ie, having too much to do and skipping lunch breaks during work) and external workload (ie, using mobile technology for work-related issues during leisure time) over the two time periods were divided into tertile groups representing low, medium and high workload. Anxiety, depression, physiological and psychological fatigue and sleep were assessed as outcome symptoms.ResultsChronic medium levels of internal workload were associated with psychological fatigue (OR=2.84, 95% CI 1.75 to 4.62) and physical fatigue (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.63), and high internal workload was associated with psychological fatigue (OR=7.24, 95% CI 4.59 to 11.40), physical fatigue (OR=4.23, 95% CI 3.06 to 5.83) and sleep problems (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.05). Chronic external high workload was only associated with psychological fatigue (OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.22) and with physical fatigue problems (OR=1.47, 95% CI,1.09–1.98) when the data were adjusted for age, gender, education level, job autonomy and occupational status.ConclusionsThis study emphasises that individuals who chronically experience high workload are at an increased risk for reporting psychological and physical fatigue, and sleep problems.
Exosomal Noncoding RNAs and Tumor Drug Resistance
Authors: Guo Chengyao , Liu Jinbo , Zhou Quanbo , Song Junmin , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Zhen , Wang Guixian , Yuan Weitang , Sun Zhenqiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tumor drug resistance is a major challenge in the treatment of cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) play a role in the progression of drug resistance. Recent studies have indicated that exosomes, with their in vitro and in vivo compatibility, are the best natural carrier of ncRNA, and their transport of ncRNA into cells could regulate drug resistance. Exosomal ncRNA impact drug resistance through participation in drug efflux, regulation of signaling pathways, and modification of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we evaluate the mechanism of exosomal ncRNA related to tumor drug resistance, their role in different tumors, and potential clinical applications.
The Pathognomonic FOXL2 C134W Mutation Alters DNA-Binding Specificity
Authors: Carles Annaïck , Trigo-Gonzalez Genny , Cao Qi , Cheng S.-W. Grace , Moksa Michelle , Bilenky Misha , Huntsman David G. , Morin Gregg B. , Hirst Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

The somatic missense point mutation c.402C&gt;G (p.C134W) in the FOXL2 transcription factor is pathognomonic for adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) and a diagnostic marker for this tumor type. However, the molecular consequences of this mutation and its contribution to the mechanisms of AGCT pathogenesis remain unclear. To explore these mechanisms, we engineered V5-FOXL2WT- and V5-FOXL2C134W–inducible isogenic cell lines and performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and transcriptome profiling. FOXL2C134W associated with the majority of the FOXL2 wild-type DNA elements as well as a large collection of unique elements genome wide. This model enabled confirmation of altered DNA-binding specificity for FOXL2C134W and identification of unique targets of FOXL2C134W including SLC35F2, whose expression increased sensitivity to YM155. Our results suggest FOXL2C134W drives AGCT by altering the binding affinity of FOXL2-containing complexes to engage an oncogenic transcriptional program.

Significance:
A mechanistic understanding of FOXL2C134W-induced regulatory state alterations drives discovery of a rationally designed therapeutic strategy.