bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of injuries in parkour and review literature
Authors: Giner-Gran MA. 
Published: February 2020

El parkour es una actividad física cada vez más popular que continúa atrayendo practicantes. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la prevalencia de lesiones en el parkour así como la naturaleza, zona anatómica, procedimiento requerido, lugar dónde sucedió y movimiento de parkour. Se analizó a los practicantes de la Comunidad de Madrid, un total de 161 sujetos con una experiencia mínima de 12 meses y una práctica regular de al menos 1 vez por semana, empleando un cuestionario ad hoc. Los resultados muestran una prevalencia de lesión del 70,2%, siendo más frecuentes: esguinces (22,3%) y contusiones (21,1%), extremidad inferior (69,9%) y superior (24,7%), no precisaron pruebas médicas ni cirugía (68,6%), parque/plaza (60,9%) y calle (28%), salto de precisión (18,8%) y salto de longitud (11,1%). Por consiguiente se confirma que el parkour es susceptible de sufrir lesiones, en su mayoría esguinces, en la extremidad inferior y no resultan graves.
Parkour is an increasingly popular physical activity that continues to attract practitioners. The aim of the study is to analyze the prevalence of injuries in parkour as well as nature, anatomical zone, required procedure, place where it happened and parkour movement. The practitioners of the Community of Madrid were analyzed, with a total of 161 subjects with a minimum of 12 months experience and at least 1 time per week regular practice, using an ad hoc questionnaire. The results show an injury prevalence of 70.2%, where are more frequent: sprains (22.3%) and contusions (21.1%), lower extremities (69.9%) and upper limbs (24.7%), did not need medical tests or surgery (68.6%), park or plaza (60,9%) and street (28%), and precision jump (18.8%) and running precision jump (11.1%). %). In conclusión, the data obtained confirm that parkour is susceptible to suffer injuries, mostly sprains, in the lower extremity and are not serious.
The Effect of Drinking Style on Alcohol-related Harm and Readiness to Change among the Indigenous Communities of Sabah
Authors: Joseph Asong 
Published: February 2020

Aims: This study aims to examine the effect of drinking style on alcohol-related harm and readiness to change among the indigenous communities of Sabah.
Study Design: This study applied quantitative research design using a survey method.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in the West Coast Division of Sabah, between Sept 2018 to Dec 2018.
Methodology: A total of 56 villagers between age 18 to 56 years old (29 female, 27 male) have participated in this study. Purposive sampling by using Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT) was applied to select hazardous and harmful drinkers among the indigenous communities of Sabah Data were analyzed by using IBMSPSS version 22.0.
Results: The study found a positive and significant effect of drinking style towards alcohol-related harm and readiness to change. The willingness and ability to make changes in their current behaviour to the new behaviour of drinking indicate participants who are at the hazardous and harmful drinking styles were reported experienced negative alcohol consequences. At the same time also, participants have shown their willingness and ability to make changes in their current behaviour to the new behaviour of drinking. It can explain the positive relation between alcohol-related harm and readiness among the participants. On the other hand, the more they experience the adverse effects of alcohol, the more they want to make a change in their drinking style.
Conclusion: These findings are significant to provide direction for the next action plan for intervention purposes aims to reduce the alcohol-related harm among the indigenous communities of Sabah.
Combination of biological and chemical soil tests best predict maize nitrogen response
Authors: McDaniel M. D. , Walters D. T. , Bundy L. G. , Li X. , Drijber R. A. , Sawyer J. E. , Castellano M. J. , Laboski C. A. M. , Scharf P. C. , Horwath W. R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSoil tests can help optimize nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, thereby improving farmer profitability and environmental performance. In US Midwest maize (Zea mays) production, however, most soil N tests have limited accuracy to predict N fertilizer requirements. Here we tested the individual and combined ability of 30 soil tests (12 rapid N extractions, seven biological carbon or N tests, six long‐term incubation kinetic parameters, and five other routine soil tests), as well as environmental and management data, to predict maize response to N fertilizer across 56 site‐years in the US Midwest. Out of 30 soil tests, and across all site‐years, a 14‐d aerobic incubation best predicted whether maize responded to N fertilizer, and a 5‐min tetraphenyl borate extraction best predicted agronomic optimum N rate. We combined these two tests to evaluate their ability to predict N fertilizer response against the most commonly used soil N test in the US Midwest, the pre‐sidedress or late‐spring nitrate test (PSNT or LSNT). The combination of soil tests nearly doubled the ability to predict nonresponsive sites compared to PSNT, and on average resulted in a 40% reduction in over‐application and 37% reduction in under‐application of N fertilizer. Weather and management variables marginally improved the prediction of maize N response. Our results indicate that a simple combination of biological N mineralization (14‐d aerobic incubation) and chemical extraction (5‐min tetraphenyl borate) assays could improve current N fertilizer recommendations.
Influence of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients undergoing colonoscopy
Authors: Hung Jui‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Wong Ming‐Wun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAbdominal symptoms and discomfort may occur after colonoscopy. Probiotics may modulate gastrointestinal symptoms. This prospective study investigated whether the application of probiotics may improve and alter abdominal symptoms after colonoscopy. This study was broadly randomized into adult participants undergoing colonoscopy who received probiotic capsules and others who did not receive probiotic capsules (controls). The study was divided into four groups as follows: participants taking probiotic capsules (containing the strain Lactobacillus casei sp. rhamnosus GG, 1500 mg) for 7 days before and after colonoscopy (Group 1), those taking such capsules 7 days before colonoscopy only (Group 2), those taking the probiotics 7 days after colonoscopy only (Group 3), and the control group, which was not administered probiotics (Group 4). Participants completed the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale at the baseline and 7 days after colonoscopy. We compared various symptoms, including abdominal pain, indigestion, reflux syndrome, constipation, and diarrhea, between the baseline and 7 days after colonoscopy. A total of 284 participants were studied, consisting of 72, 67, 74, and 71 patients in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. There was a significant reduction in abdominal pain for group 1 (P < .001), group 2 (P < .001), and group 3 (P = .005). Reflux symptoms were significantly reduced in all groups. Indigestion‐related symptoms decreased significantly in all participants except for those in group 4 (P = .063). Constipation and diarrhea symptoms decreased significantly in all participants. The percentage of participants with symptomatic improvement was more in group 1 than group 4 (the controls) for abdominal pain only (44.4% vs 25.4%, P = .036). Our study demonstrated that probiotics may improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Probiotics appear to be useful in reducing abdominal pain in patients who have undergone colonoscopy.
Time from diagnosis to institutionalization and death in people with dementia
Authors: Joling Karlijn J. , Janssen Olin , Francke Anneke L. , Verheij Robert A. , Lissenberg‐Witte Birgit I. , Visser Pieter‐Jelle , van Hout Hein P.J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionReliable estimates of time from diagnosis until institutionalization and death in people with dementia from routine nationally representative databases are lacking.MethodsWe selected 9230 people with dementia and 24,624 matched controls from family physicians’ electronic records linked with national administrative databases to analyze time until institutionalization and death and associated factors.ResultsMedian time from recorded diagnosis until institutionalization and until death for people with dementia was 3.9 and 5.0 years, respectively, which was considerably shorter than for controls. Once institutionalized, median time to death was longer for persons with dementia (2.5 years) than for controls (1.2 years). Older age and receiving home care were the strongest predictors of shorter time until institutionalization and death in people with dementia. Gender, cohabitation, migration status, frailty, polypharmacy, and dementia medication were other significant factors.DiscussionThe estimates could help to inform patients, their families, and policymakers about probable trajectories.
Effect of granulating characteristics on harmless disposal of waste selective catalytic reduction catalyst in iron ore sintering process
Authors: Zhou Hao , Ma Pengnan , Zuo Yuhang , Wang Jiankang , lv Laiquan , Meng Hanxiao , Cen Kefa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe harmless treatment of waste selective catalytic reduction catalyst has become a thorny problem. In this investigation, a new method of harmless disposal of waste catalyst by utilizing iron ore sintering process is proposed, and the effect of granulating characteristics is studied. Results show that better bed permeability, shorter sintering time, and faster flame front speed could be characterized by applying higher granulating moisture. Sinter mineral and microstructure research found that wider distribution of skeleton‐crystal hematite while less calcium ferrite could be observed at higher granulating moisture. The porosity of sinter increases from 30.82% for granulating moisture 6.0% to 36.54% for granulating moisture 7.5% while the circle factor of pores decreases. Sinter index research results indicate that both tumbler index and yield have a descended trend whereas flame front speed increases with higher granulating moisture added. Productivity first increases then drops with increasing granulating moisture. Finally, a comprehensive index is used to evaluate the influence of granulating characteristics on sintering process, which first increases from 100 to 121 as granulating moisture increases from 6% to 6.5% then drops to 70.8 when granulating moisture further increases to 7.5%. The granulating moisture of 6.5% is recommended in present study.
Contrast‐enhanced optical coherence tomography for melanoma detection: An in vitro study
Authors: Jalilian Elmira , Xu Qiuyun , Horton Luke , Fotouhi Audrey , Reddy Shriya , Manwar Rayyan , Daveluy Steven , Mehregan Darius , Gelovani Juri , Avanaki Kamran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT), with a high‐spatial resolution (<10 microns), intermediate penetration depth (~1.5 mm) and volumetric imaging capability is a great candidate to be used as a diagnostic‐assistant modality in dermatology. At this time, the accuracy of OCT for melanoma detection is lower than anticipated. In this letter, we studied for the first time, the use of a novel contrast agent consist of ultra‐small nanoparticles conjugated to a melanoma biomarker to improve the accuracy of OCT for differentiation of melanoma cells from nonmelanoma cells, in vitro. We call this approach SMall nanoparticle Aggregation‐enhanced Radiomics of Tumor (SMART)‐OCT imaging. This initial proof of concept study is the first step toward the broad utilization of this method for high accuracy all types of tumor detection applications.
Optimization of dry sliding wear parameters of AA336 aluminum alloy‐boron carbide and fly ash reinforced hybrid composites by stir casting process
Authors: Arunachalam S. , Chelladurai S.J.S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBoron carbide (10 wt%) and fly ash (5 wt%) particles are reinforced in AA336 aluminium alloy by stir casting process. Microstructure of samples are investigated and dry sliding wear factors viz., load (10 N–50 N), sliding distance (500 m–2500 m) and sliding velocity (1 ms−1–5 ms−1) are considered. Response surface methodology is used to design the experiments and wear weight loss of samples is measured. Regression equation is developed to predict the weight loss. Analysis of variance, significance test and confirmation test are used to find the significant wear parameters which affects the weight loss and the wear factors are optimized for obtaining lowest weight loss. Microstructure of samples showed uniform dispersion of particles in AA336 aluminium alloy. Wear test results showed that weight loss increased with increasing load and sliding distance. However, weight loss of samples decreased with increasing sliding velocity. Optimum dry sliding wear factors are found to be a load of 18.1 N, sliding distance of 905.4 m with a sliding velocity of 4.18 ms−1.
Study and evaluation of abrasive water jet turning process performance on AA5083
Authors: Kartal F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effect of processing parameters on surface roughness and macro surface characteristics was analyzed during the machining of Ø30 mm and 300 mm aluminum alloy AA5083 abrasive water jets. As the processing parameters (up to 10 mm min−1, 15 mm min−1, 20 mm min−1 and 25 mm min−1), abrasive flow rate (50 g min−1, 150 g min−1, 250 g min−1 and 350 g min−1), the lathe chuck rotational speed (25 min−1, 50 min−1, 75 min−1 and 100 min−1) and the nozzle approach distance (2 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm and 11 mm) were used in experiments. In experimental studies, the pump pressure (360 MPa) was used as a constant, in the form of an abrasive Garnet (100 mesh), and the nozzle diameter as 0.76 mm. According to the findings, the best results in terms of surface roughness were obtained as a result of turning speed and abrasive flow rate. When the macro surface characteristics were examined, it was found that the lathe chuck rotational speed increased, the rate of nozzle progression was low, the rate of abrasive flow was high and the nozzle approach distance was lower and the smoother surfaces were obtained.
Effect of water on excited‐state double proton transfer in 7‐azaindole‐H2O complex: A theoretical study
Authors: Yi Jiacheng , Fang Hua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe dynamics of excited‐state double proton transfer (ESDPT) depending on hydrogen bonding of water molecules to the mediating water were studied at the TD‐M06‐2X/6‐31+G(d, p) level. The additional H‐bonding accepting (aW) or donating (dW) water had an effect on the mechanism of ESDPT. The double proton transfer occurred in an asynchronous but concerted protolysis or solvolysis pattern dependence on the aW or dW, respectively. The aW or dW stabilized the corresponding protolysis or solvolysis mechanism, respectively. The extra aW and dW would increase the asynchronicity of proton transfer. The bridging water in ESDPT process needed only one single H‐bond accepting or donating solvent molecule relying on the protolysis or solvolysis mechanism energetically. The specific vibrational modes in the 7AIW‐aW, 7AIW‐dW, and 7AIW‐aW‐dW complexes red‐shifted due to aW or dW.
Cytomegalovirus shedding in seropositive healthy women of reproductive age in Tianjin, China
Authors: Ju D. , Li X. Z. , Shi Y. F. , Li Y. , Guo L. Q. , Zhang Y. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enters latency after primary infection and can reactivate periodically with virus excreted in body fluids which can be called shedding. CMV shedding during the early stage of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. The shedding pattern in healthy seropositive women who plan to have babies has not been well characterised. Vaginal swabs, urine and blood were collected from 1262 CMV IgG-positive women who intended to have babies and tested for CMV DNA by fluorogenic quantitative PCR method. Serum IgM was also detected. The association between sociodemographic characteristics and CMV shedding prevalence was analysed. Among 1262 seropositive women, 12.8% (161/1262) were detected CMV DNA positive in at least one body fluid. CMV DNA was more frequently detected in vaginal secretion (10.5%) than in urine (3.2%) and blood (0.6%) also with higher viral loads (P < 0.00). CMV shedding was more likely detected in IgM-positive women than IgM-negative women (29.5% (13/44) vs. 12.2% (148/1218); OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.55–5.93; P = 0.001). CMV shedding in vaginal secretion was highly correlated with shedding in urine, the immune state of IgM, the adverse pregnant history and younger age. CMV shedding was more commonly detected in vaginal secretion than in urine or blood with higher viral loads among healthy seropositive women of reproductive age. Further studies are needed to figure out whether the shedding is occasional or continuous and whether it is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Structural Heterogeneity in Source Zones of the 2018 Anchorage Intraslab Earthquake and the 1964 Alaska Megathrust Earthquake
Authors: Gou Tao , Zhao Dapeng , Huang Zhouchuan , Wang Liangshu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStructural heterogeneities in subduction zones can affect slip behaviors of the megathrust faults and the generation of intraslab earthquakes. In this work we study the 3‐D seismic structures (Vp, Vs, and Poisson's ratio) in and around the source zones of the 2018 Anchorage intraslab earthquake (Mw 7.1) and the 1964 Alaska megathrust earthquake (Mw 9.2). The Anchorage earthquake occurred in an anomalous zone within the subducting Yakutat/Pacific plate with a higher Poisson's ratio than the normal slab. Above the source zone, the overriding North American plate shows a low Vs and a high Poisson's ratio. These features indicate that strong dehydration occurs in the source zone and released fluids ascend into the overlying crust. Two areas with long‐term slow slip events in the Upper and Lower Cook Inlet predominantly exhibit a high Poisson's ratio in the lowermost portion of the crust and the cold nose of the mantle wedge, whereas a low Poisson's ratio zone is revealed between them, suggesting that their segmentation is possibly related to localized slab‐releasing fluids. In the Prince William Sound, the rupture of the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake initiated beneath a high‐V and high Poisson's ratio zone of the overlying crust and the large slips occurred beneath a low‐Vs and high Poisson's ratio zone, suggesting that lateral heterogeneities of the overriding plate may have played an important role in the nucleation and rupture processes of the Great Alaska earthquake.
Comparative Investigation of the Digisonde‐Derived Electron Density and IRI Profiles at a Station Near the African Magnetic Equator During LowSolar Activity
Authors: Adebiyi S. J. , Adeniyi J. O. , Adebesin B. O. , Ikubanni S. O. , Adimula I. A. , Oladipo O. A. , Olawepo A. O. , Adekoya B. J. , Joshua B. W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInformation about the altitudinal distribution of ionospheric electron density (Ne) in the African equatorial region is very scanty. Such information is vital in modeling of key ionospheric parameters and in solving problems associated with ionospheric effect on the applications that depend on space‐based positioning and navigation systems. For the first time in the region, the entire Ne profile estimated by IRI is evaluated with profile deduced from Digisonde measurements at Ilorin (geog. 8.50°N, 4.50°E; dip. −7.9°) during low solar activity condition. Results obtained indicate marked discrepancies between the two profiles with magnitudes revealing local time and altitudinal and seasonal trends. The largest discrepancies are found between the post‐sunset and sunrise hours regardless of the seasons. IRI underestimates the Ne around the F1 region and is most obvious in September equinox and December solstice with deviation up to −42%. Further, IRI overestimates the Ne around the F2 peak at daytime, mostly in solstices with maximum deviation of 26% at F2 peak. All the three IRI topside models generally underestimate Ne between ~F2 peak height and ~800 km in all seasons except in June solstice. Beyond 800 km, the Digisonde, IRI‐NeQuick, and IRI‐2001 Corr profiles tend to converge, whereas the IRI‐2001 profiles still show marked divergence from the Digisonde profile in all seasons. Overall, the IRI‐NeQuick gives the best topside representation at this station at daytime/nighttime. The comparative analysis of Digisonde‐TEC and GPS‐TEC suggests that the Digisonde alone may not give a reliable estimate of the nighttime topside altitudinal distribution of Ne at this location.
Cellulose-Copper Oxide hybrid nanocomposites membranes for H2S gas detection at low temperatures
Authors: Hittini Waseem , Abu-Hani Ayah F. , Reddy N. , Mahmoud Saleh T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report on novel, sensitive, selective and low-temperature hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas sensors based on metal-oxide nanoparticles incorporated within polymeric matrix composites. The Copper-Oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were prepared by a colloid microwave-assisted hydrothermal method that enables precise control of nanoparticle size. The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder with 5% glycerol ionic liquid (IL) was prepared and mixed with different concentrations of CuO NPs (2.5–7.5 wt.%) to produce flexible and semi-conductive polymeric matrix membranes. Each membrane was then sandwiched between a pair of electrodes to produce an H2S gas sensor. The temperature-dependent gas sensing characteristics of the prepared sensors were investigated over the temperature ranges from 40 °C to 80 °C. The sensors exhibited high sensitivity and reasonably fast responses to H2S gas at low working temperatures and at a low gas concentration of 15 ppm. Moreover, the sensors were highly selective to H2S gas, and they showed low humidity dependence, which indicates reliable functioning in humid atmospheres. This organic-inorganic hybrid-materials gas sensor is flexible, with good sensitivity and low power consumption has the potential to be used in harsh environments.
Review zur Wirksamkeit von geruchlosem Knoblauch
Authors: Vlachojannis Julia , Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem überarbeiteten Review zur Wirksamkeit von geruchlosem Knoblauch wurden 26 Studien hinsichtlich der berücksichtigten Kriterien der Studienqualität extrahiert. Trotz des Vorliegens von 16 qualitativ sehr guten Studien steht der Beweis der Wirksamkeit von Präparaten mit geruchlosem Knoblauch bei den einzelnen Indikationen aus. Nur bei der Indikation „erhöhtes kardiovaskuläres Risiko“ ist die Evidenz der Wirksamkeit „mäßig“, bei allen anderen Indikationen „schlecht“. Damit geruchloser Knoblauch Eingang in die Therapieoptionen findet, ist die Durchführung konfirmatorischer Studien sowie Langzeitstudien mit dem Haupzielkriterium „Mortalität“ dringend erforderlich.