bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining innovation in hospital units: a complex adaptive systems approach
Authors: Glover Wiljeana Jackson , Nissinboim Noa , Naveh Eitan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe are in an innovation age for healthcare delivery. Some note that the complexity of healthcare delivery may make innovation in this setting more difficult and may require more adaptive solutions. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between unit complexity and innovation, using a complex adaptive systems approach in a hospital setting.MethodsWe conducted a quantitative study of 31 hospital units within one hospital and use complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory to examine how two CAS factors, autonomy and performance orientation, moderate the relationship between unit complexity and innovation.ResultsWe find that unit complexity is associated with higher innovation performance when autonomy is low rather than high. We also find that unit complexity is associated with higher innovation performance when performance orientation is high rather than low. Our findings make three distinct contributions: we quantify the influence of complexity on innovation success in the health care sector, we examine the impact of autonomy on innovation in health care, and we are the first to examine performance orientation on innovation in health care.ConclusionsThis study tackles the long debate about the influence of complexity on healthcare delivery, particularly innovation. Instead of being subject to the influence of complexity with no means of making progress or gaining control, hospitals looking to implement innovation programs should provide guidance to teams and departments regarding the type of innovation sought and provide support in terms of time and management commitment. Hospitals should also find ways to promote and make successful pilot implementations of such innovations visible in the organization. A close connection between the targeted innovation and the overall success and performance of the hospital unit is ideal.
Antibiotic prescribing in UK care homes 2016–2017: retrospective cohort study of linked data
Authors: Smith Catherine M. , Williams Haydn , Jhass Arnoupe , Patel Selina , Crayton Elise , Lorencatto Fabiana , Michie Susan , Hayward Andrew C. , Shallcross Laura J. ,   on behalf of the Preserving Antibiotics through Safe Stewardship group, Anderson N. , Atkins L. , Conolly A. , Crayton E. , Denaxas S. , Dutey-Magni P. , Elsay N. , Forbes G. , Fragaszy E. B. , Freemantle N. , Fuller C. , Gill M. , Hayward A. H. , Horne R. , Jhass A. , Kostkova P. , Lorencatto F. , Michie S. , Mindell J. , Richardson M. , Robson J. , Rockenschaub P. , Royston C. , Shallcross L. J. , Smith C. M. , Sutton E. , Thomas J. , Tarrant C. , Traina R. , Richardson E. , West J. , Williams H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Older people living in care homes are particularly susceptible to infections and antibiotics are therefore used frequently for this population. However, there is limited information on antibiotic prescribing in this setting. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, patterns and risk factors for antibiotic prescribing in a large chain of UK care homes.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of administrative data from a large chain of UK care homes (resident and care home-level) linked to individual-level pharmacy data. Residents aged 65 years or older between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were included. Antibiotics were classified by type and as new or repeated prescriptions. Rates of antibiotic prescribing were calculated and modelled using multilevel negative binomial regression.

Results
13,487 residents of 135 homes were included. The median age was 85; 63% residents were female. 28,689 antibiotic prescriptions were dispensed, the majority were penicillins (11,327, 39%), sulfonamides and trimethoprim (5818, 20%), or other antibacterials (4665, 16%). 8433 (30%) were repeat prescriptions. The crude rate of antibiotic prescriptions was 2.68 per resident year (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.64–2.71). Increased antibiotic prescribing was associated with residents requiring more medical assistance (adjusted incidence rate ratio for nursing opposed to residential care 1.21, 95% CI 1.13–1.30). Prescribing rates varied widely by care home but there were no significant associations with the care home-level characteristics available in routine data.

Conclusions
Rates of antibiotic prescribing in care homes are high and there is substantial variation between homes. Further research is needed to understand the drivers of this variation to enable development of effective stewardship approaches that target the influences of prescribing.
The effects of inflammatory bowel disease on caregivers: significant burden and loss of productivity
Authors: Zand Aria , Kim Brian J. , van Deen Welmoed K. , Stokes Zachary , Platt Anya , O’Hara Shelby , Khong Harrison , Hommes Daniel W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Caregiver burden is the emotional, physical, practical, and/or financial burden associated with taking care of a patient with a chronic condition. Limited literature on caregiver burden in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) has accounted for some predictors, but its effect on work productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism) is unknown.

Methods
In a prospective study, patients and their respective caregivers were surveyed from November 2015 until July 2017. Data on demographics, work productivity, quality of life, disease activity, caregiver burden and productivity were collected. The burden on caregivers was assessed and associations between caregiver productivity and caregiver burden were analyzed. Additionally, predictors for caregiver burden were identified.

Results
One hundred two IBD patients and their respective caregiver were included. In total, 39% of IBD caregivers experienced burden. Caregivers with burden experienced significantly more absenteeism and presenteeism (65 and 85% respectively). Furthermore, 51% of caregivers felt that they should be doing more for their care recipient and felt they could do a better job at caregiving. Predictors of burden included race/ethnicity, history of fistulas, diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, higher caregiver education, and hours spent caregiving.

Conclusion
Caregivers with burden had significantly more productivity decrease compared to those without burden. Additionally, the majority of caregivers feel they should be providing more and better care for their recipients. The development of strategies to address caregiver’s distress and perceived burden when caring for IBD patients is warranted.
Evaluating process fidelity during the implementation of Group Antenatal Care in Mexico
Authors: Fuentes-Rivera Evelyn , Heredia-Pi Ileana , Andrade-Romo Zafiro , Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline , Bravo Lourdes , Jurkiewicz Laurie , Darney Blair G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
CenteringPregnancy (CP) is a group antenatal care (G-ANC) model that has proven beneficial for mothers and their newborns. We conducted a feasibility study beginning in 2016 as part of the Mexican effort to implement G-ANC locally. This study reports on fidelity to the essential elements of CP during its implementation in Mexico.

Methods
We collected prospective data using a standardized checklist at four primary-care centers that implemented our adapted G-ANC model. We performed a descriptive analysis of fidelity to 28 processes per G-ANC session (71 sessions made up of 10 groups and 129 women across 4 health centers). We calculated fidelity to each process as a proportion with 95% confidence intervals. We present overall results and stratified by health center and by facilitation team.

Results
Overall fidelity to the G-ANC intervention was 82%, with variability by health center (78–88%). The elements with the highest fidelity were having space for activities such as checking vital signs, conversation in a circle, and medical check-ups (100% each) and the element with the lowest fidelity was using music to enhance privacy (27.3%). Fidelity was not significantly different by center.

Conclusions
Our study suggests good model fidelity during the implementation of G-ANC in Mexico. Our findings also contribute useful information about where to focus efforts in the future to maintain and improve G-ANC model fidelity.
Biosurfactant from vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus BC1 as a promising agent to interfere with Candida adhesion
Authors: De Gregorio Priscilla Romina , Parolin Carola , Abruzzo Angela , Luppi Barbara , Protti Michele , Mercolini Laura , Silva Jessica Alejandra , Giordani Barbara , Marangoni Antonella , Nader-Macías María Elena Fátima , Vitali Beatrice 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Lactobacillus spp. dominating the vaginal microbiota of healthy women contribute to the prevention of urogenital and sexually transmitted infections. Their protective role in the vagina can be mediated by Lactobacillus cells themselves, metabolites or bacterial components, able to interfere with pathogen adhesion and infectivity. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common genital infection, caused by the overgrowth of opportunistic Candida spp. including C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei and C. tropicalis. Azole antifungal drugs are not always efficient in resolving VVC and preventing recurrent infections, thus alternative anti-Candida agents based on vaginal probiotics have gained more importance. The present work aims to chemically characterize the biosurfactant (BS) isolated from a vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus strain, L. crispatus BC1, and to investigate its safety and antiadhesive/antimicrobial activity against Candida spp., employing in vitro and in vivo assays.

Results
BS isolated from vaginal L. crispatus BC1 was characterised as non-homogeneous lipopeptide molecules with a critical micellar concentration value of 2 mg/mL, and good emulsification and mucoadhesive properties. At 1.25 mg/mL, the BS was not cytotoxic and reduced Candida strains’ ability to adhere to human cervical epithelial cells, mainly by exclusion mechanism. Moreover, intravaginal (i.va.) inoculation of BS in a murine experimental model was safe and did not perturb vaginal cytology, histology and cultivable vaginal microbiota. In the case of i.va. challenge of mice with C. albicans, BS was able to reduce leukocyte influx.

Conclusions
These results indicate that BS from vaginal L. crispatus BC1 is able to interfere with Candida adhesion in vitro and in vivo, and suggest its potential as a preventive agent to reduce mucosal damage occasioned by Candida during VVC.
The prognostic value of ITGA and ITGB superfamily members in patients with high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhu Tingting , Chen Ruifang , Wang Jieyu , Yue Huiran , Lu Xin , Li Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundDeregulation of integrins signaling had been documented to participate in multiple fundamental biological processes, and the aberrant expression of integrin family members were linked to the prognosis of various cancers. However, the role of integrins in predicting progression and prognosis of ovarian cancer patients are still largely elusive. This study is aimed to explore the prognostic values of ITGA and ITGB superfamily members in high grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC).MethodsGSE26712 dataset was used to determine the differential expression of ITGA and ITGB superfamily member between HGSOC and normal counterparts. The Cancer Genome Altas (TGGA) and GSE9891 datasets were used to determine the prognostic values of ITGA and ITGB superfamily members in HGSOC, followed by the development of nomograms predictive of recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsITGA6 and ITGB5 expression were significantly downregulated in HGSOC compared with that in normal counterparts. In contrast, ITGA2, ITGA5, ITGA7, ITGA8, ITGA9, ITGA10, ITGB3, ITGB4, ITGB6, and ITGB8 were all significantly upregulated in HGSOC compared with that in normal counterparts. Both univariable and multivariable analysis indicated that ITGB1 was associated with extended RFS. The ITGB1-related nomogram indicated that ITGB1 had the largest contribution to RFS, followed by FIGO stage and debulking status. The C-index for predicting RFS was 0.55 (95% CI 0.50–0.59) in TCGA dataset (training dataset) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.59–0.72) in GSE9891 dataset (validation dataset), respectively. Regarding OS, ITGB8 was associated with reduced survival suggested by both univariable and multivariable analysis. ITGA7 appeared to be associated with improved survival though without reaching statistical significance. The ITGA7/ITGB8-based nomogram showed that age at initial diagnosis had the largest contribution to OS, followed by ITGB8 and ITGA7 expression. The C-index for predicting OS was 0.65 (95% CI 0.60–0.69) in TCGA dataset (training dataset) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.51–0.66) in GSE9891 dataset (validation dataset), respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, ITGB1, ITGA7 and ITGB8 added prognostic value to the traditional clinical risk factors used to assess the clinical outcomes of HGSOC.
Application of smart mosquito monitoring traps for the mosquito forecast systems by Seoul Metropolitan city
Authors: Na Sumi , Yi Hoonbok 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study, mosquito forecast system implemented by Seoul Metropolitan city, was to obtain the mosquito prediction formula by using the mosquito population data and the environmental data of the past.

Results
For this study, the mosquito population data from April 1, 2015, to October 31, 2017, were collected. The mosquito population data were collected from the 50 smart mosquito traps (DMSs), two of which were installed in each district (Korean, gu) in Seoul Metropolitan city since 2015. Environmental factors were collected from the Automatic Weather System (AWS) by the Korea Meteorological Administration. The data of the nearest AWS devices from each DMS were used for the prediction formula analysis. We found out that the environmental factors affecting the mosquito population in Seoul Metropolitan city were the mean temperature and rainfall. We predicted the following equations by the generalized linear model analysis: ln(Mosquito population) = 2.519 + 0.08 × mean temperature + 0.001 × rainfall.

Conclusions
We expect that the mosquito forecast system would be used for predicting the mosquito population and to prevent the spread of disease through mosquitoes.
The Effects of 20-kDa Human Placental GH in Male and Female GH-deficient Mice: An Improved Human GH?
Authors: List Edward O , Berryman Darlene E , Basu Reetobrata , Buchman Mathew , Funk Kevin , Kulkarni Prateek , Duran-Ortiz Silvana , Qian Yanrong , Jensen Elizabeth A , Young Jonathan A , Yildirim Gozde , Yakar Shoshana , Kopchick John J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A rare 20K isoform of GH-V (here abbreviated as GHv) was discovered in 1998. To date, only 1 research article has characterized this isoform in vivo, observing that GHv treatment in male high-fat fed rats had several GH-like activities, but unlike GH lacked diabetogenic and lactogenic activities and failed to increase IGF-1 or body length. Therefore, the current study was conducted to further characterize the in vivo activities of GHv in a separate species and in a GH-deficient model (GH-/- mice) and with both sexes represented. GHv-treated GH-/- mice had significant increases to serum IGF-1, femur length, body length, body weight, and lean body mass and reduced body fat mass similar to mice receiving GH treatment. GH treatment increased circulating insulin levels and impaired insulin sensitivity; in contrast, both measures were unchanged in GHv-treated mice. Since GHv lacks prolactin receptor (PRLR) binding activity, we tested the ability of GH and GHv to stimulate the proliferation of human cancer cell lines and found that GHv has a decreased proliferative response in cancers with high PRLR. Our findings demonstrate that GHv can stimulate insulin-like growth factor-1 and subsequent longitudinal body growth in GH-deficient mice similar to GH, but unlike GH, GHv promoted growth without inhibiting insulin action and without promoting the growth of PRLR-positive cancers in vitro. Thus, GHv may represent improvements to current GH therapies especially for individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome or PRLR-positive cancers.
Steroids Regulate SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 to Deliver Glucose Into Trophectoderm for Metabolism via Glycolysis
Authors: Kramer Avery C , Steinhauser Chelsie B , Gao Haijun , Seo Heewon , McLendon Bryan A , Burghardt Robert C , Wu Guoyao , Bazer Fuller W , Johnson Greg A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe conceptuses (embryo/fetus and placental membranes) of pigs require energy to support elongation and implantation, and amounts of glucose and fructose increase in the uterine lumen during the peri-implantation period. Conceptuses from day 16 of pregnancy were incubated with either 14C-glucose or 14C-fructose and amounts of radiolabeled CO2 released from the conceptuses measured to determine rates of oxidation of glucose and fructose. Glucose and fructose both transport into conceptuses, and glucose is preferentially metabolized in the presence of fructose, whereas fructose is actively metabolized in the absence of glucose and to a lesser extent in the presence of glucose. Endometrial and placental expression of glucose transporters SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SCL2A3, and SLC2A4 were determined. SLC2A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, and SLC2A4 mRNA were abundant in the uterine luminal epithelium of pregnant compared to cycling gilts, and increased in response to progesterone and conceptus-secreted estrogen. SLC2A2 mRNA was expressed weakly by conceptus trophectoderm on day 15 of pregnancy, whereas SLC2A3 mRNA was abundant in trophectoderm/chorion throughout pregnancy. Therefore, glucose can be transported into the uterine lumen by SLC2A1, and then into conceptuses by SLC2A3. On day 60 of gestation, the cell-specific expression of these transporters was more complex, suggesting that glucose and fructose transporters are precisely regulated in a spatial-temporal pattern along the uterine-placental interface of pigs to maximize hexose sugar transport to the pig conceptus/placenta.
Fundo Doutor Luís de Albuquerque da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra
Authors: De Carvalho Maria de Fátima Moura 
Published: June 2020

Luís de Albuquerque nascido em 1917 e falecido em 1992, foi um brilhante professor da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Coimbra, embora também colaborasse com a Faculdade de Letras. Foi também Diretor da Biblioteca Geral entre 1978 e 1987, a quem fez a doação da sua Biblioteca Pessoal, composta por monografias, recursos contínuos e manuscritos. O Fundo inclui publicações de áreas muito variadas, mas predominantemente de Ciências Exatas e História.
Determinación del tamaño del genoma de <i>Gmelina arborea</i> Roxb. utilizando citometría de flujo
Authors: Yaya Lancheros Mary Luz , Terán Wilson 
Published: June 2020

La melina es una especie forestal con una alta calidad maderable y de importancia económica para diferentes países tropicales como Colombia. No obstante, existe poca información acerca de su genética, lo cual es pertinente en programas de mejoramiento.
Con el fin de determinar el tamaño del genoma de Gmelina arborea (valor C), se obtuvieron suspensiones nucleares a partir de hojas, las cuales se analizaron mediante citometría de flujo. Para la obtención de suspensiones acuosas de núcleos, se evaluaron cuatro buffers de extracción, de los cuales, el buffer LB01 produjo poblaciones nucleares intactas y con mayor homogeneidad. Se analizaron tres especies vegetales como posibles estándares para la determinación del valor C; utilizando tomate como estándar referente, se obtuvo un valor C para melina de 467 Mpb. Este es el primer reporte relacionado con la estimación del valor C en melina, por lo que se genera así información importante para incrementar el conocimiento relacionado con esta especie.
Penetration of Dutch Colonial Power Against the Sultanate of Jambi, 1615-1904
Authors: Purnomo Budi 
Published: June 2020

The arrival of the Dutch in Jambi gave the impression of almost coincidence because Jambi was not familiar and not a large sultanate in Sumatra compared to Aceh. Even Jambi as a relatively small and unimportant kingdom in the 19th century. However, during the colonial era, some penetrations made to the Sultanate of Jambi. This study examines several factors that caused resistance from the rulers and local people of Jambi against the Dutch colonial power. By using a historical method that emphasized on the secondary sources, this study identifies those factors to make penetration. It shows that economic factors in which the Dutch monopoly trading system is not acceptable to the rulers and local people. It is detrimental and contrary to freedom of trade. Meanwhile, colonial expansion is contrary to the ethical principles they profess. In addition, the failure of the Jambi sultanate had the weakness of their political institutions in facing Dutch colonial penetration. The weakness of their political institutions is influenced by the poor main foundation of the empire and the values of the royal tradition.
Bina Vokalia Learning As Extracurricular Activities In The Integrated Early Chilhood Education (PAUD) Of Salatiga Children Center
Authors: Sejati Irfanda Rizki 
Published: June 2020

The process of learning in early childhood education and kindergarten is never apart from musical activities, although it is mostly just singing and dancing. Singing is one of the learning activities that is carried out daily from beginning of class to the end of class. Integrated PAUD Satya Wacana Children Center Salatiga provides a form of extracurricular Bina Vokalia at school to support learning, improve and develop student talent in singing. Vocal teaching of children is definitely different than adults, the delivery of the song material should be interesting to learners and in teaching the child's vocal techniques is need patience and technique. In view of today's modern times, many parents are increasingly giving their children activities outside school, especially music. Integrated PAUD Satya Wacana Children Center provides a vocal building learning facility that might develop a child's talent for music. The problem considered in the study is "how the learning process of Bina Vokalia and how the obstacles and solutions to delivering vocal materials in integrated PAUD Satya Wacana Children Center "
The study employs qualitative research methods with descriptive exposure. Research subjects are students and teachers of integrated PAUD Satya Wacana Children Center salatiga. Data collection results with observation techniques, interviews, documentation and data analysis. Data analysis techniques divide into three phases that are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the interviews and observations already collected include the documentation, pictures, photographs, field notes, personal notes, and other documents after studied and researched than reduced to an abstraction.
As the results of research, researchers concluded that the Bina Vokalia PAUD activities could help students develop singing skills early on, not only good vocal techniques but training children to be bolder and more confident in the activities organized by the foundation. The advice is that music teachers should not be absent too often, requiring an additional event of school in order to make children more active and creative. It is necessary to increase the practice time and musical facilities so the children do not become bored prematurely.