bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Medicine Patient and Physician Attitudes Toward Climate Change and Health in Wisconsin
Authors: Boland Taylor M. , Temte Jonathan L. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction Climate change is an increasingly relevant public health issue attracting increasing amounts of attention. Despite family medicine being at the front line for public health, no recent studies have assessed the opinions of physicians and patients regarding climate change and health in the family medicine setting. Methods Surveys were distributed to adult patients in the waiting rooms of 4 University of Wisconsin Department of Family Medicine and Community Health clinics. Four hundred three patient surveys were collected, for an 86% response rate. An online survey was distributed to all University of Wisconsin Department of Family Medicine and Community Health physicians. Fifty-eight surveys were collected for a 32% response rate. Results Forty-four percent of patients believe climate change is currently affecting their community’s health. Patients have high trust in their physician regarding environmental issues (median=4 out of 5), and 6% of patients ranked their physician as a top source of information on this topic. Sixty-four percent of physicians believe climate change is affecting their patients’ health, and 17% are comfortable counseling patients about climate change and health. Although 71% of physicians believe climate change is relevant to primary care, 31% believe that physicians should have an active role in discussing climate change with patients. Conclusions Patients and physicians are concerned about climate change and its health implications. Patient data reveals that physicians are highly trusted but underutilized sources. However, physicians are unsure of their role in addressing this topic. Thus, a large opportunity exists for family physicians to educate patients on the emerging issue of climate change and health.
Effect of microramps on flare-induced shock – boundary-layer interaction
Authors: Nilavarasan T. , Joshi G. N. , Misra A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability of microramps to control shock - boundary layer interaction at the vicinity of an axisymmetric compression corner was investigated computationally in a Mach 4 flow. A cylinder/flare model with a flare angle of 25° was chosen for this study. Height (h) of the microramp device was 22% of the undisturbed boundary layer thickness (δ) obtained at the compression corner location. A single array of these microramps with an inter-device spacing of 7.5h was placed at three different streamwise locations viz. 5δ, 10δ and 15δ (22.7h, 45.41h and 68.12h in terms of the device height) upstream of the corner and the variations in the flowfield characteristics were observed. These devices modified the separation bubble structure noticeably by producing alternate upwash and downwash regions in the boundary layer. Variations in the separation bubble’s length and height were observed along the spanwise (circumferential) direction due to these devices.
Do demographic changes affect house prices?
Authors: Gevorgyan Kristine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe paper tests the idea that major demographic shifts can affect housing prices. We first build an overlapping generation model and analytically solve for the equilibrium price of the asset. The model predicts that economies with a higher fraction of old people in the overall population have lower house prices. We empirically test this hypothesis using data on house prices and demographic variables from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We find that if population growth increases by one percentage point, house price growth increases by 1.4 percentage points.
Teaching Citizenship: Race and the Behavioral Effects of American Civic Education
Authors: Nelsen Matthew D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPolitical scientists have identified how resources, attitudes, and mobilization impact political participation across racial groups. However, the role of civic education has largely been overlooked in shaping these trends. I develop a theory that suggests exposure to civics curricula yields heterogeneous effects on the political participation of youth across racial groups. I test my hypotheses with data from the Black Youth Project's 2005 Youth Culture Survey, supplemented by two original data collections from 2017–2018. I find that civic education courses are associated with higher rates of external efficacy among white youth, but not for black and Latinx youth. Contrastingly, civic education courses appear to increase acts of public voice among black and Latinx respondents, but not for their white peers. Rather than viewing civic education courses as a panacea for low rates of youth political participation, scholars and policymakers should pay closer attention to the ways in which the content of civic education courses contributes to heterogeneous effects across racial and ethnic groups.
Petrogenesis and metallogenic potential of the Wulanba granite, southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China: constraints from whole-rock and apatite geochemistry
Authors: Liu Yuan , Jiang Si-Hong , Bagas Leon , Chen Chun-Liang , Han Ning , Wan Yun-Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Wulanba granite, consisting of biotite monzogranite and syenogranite, is located in the southern part of the Great Xing’an Range, NE China. Whole-rock major- and trace-element geochemistry suggests the Wulanba granite is a high-K–shoshonitic, slightly peraluminous and highly differentiated I-type granite. The Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes indicate that it originated from partial melting of juvenile crust derived from the depleted mantle with a minor input of old crust. The relatively young T2DM and tDM2 ages indicate it was most likely derived from a Late Neoproterozoic to Early Palaeozoic source. We have demonstrated that the biotite monzogranite is the ore-related intrusion of the Haobugao Zn–Fe mineralization based on the following geological, geochronological and geochemical evidence: (1) the chalcopyrite/pyrite in the biotite monzogranite and the continuous mineralization of drill core ZK2508; (2) the consistence of the emplacement age of the biotite monzogranite (~141–140/138 Ma) with the skarn mineralization age (~142 Ma); and (3) the presence of rich ore-forming elements (Fe–Zn–Cu) in the biotite monzogranite, and the similar Pb compositions of the sulfides from the Haobugao deposit and the biotite monzogranite. Compared to the barren syenogranite, the fertile biotite monzogranite is more oxidized, while the edges of the apatite grains in the biotite monzogranite are more oxidized than the centres. The average F/Cl ratio of the fertile biotite monzogranite (~123.45) is much higher than that of the barren syenogranite (~73.98). We conclude that these differences reflect unique geochemical signatures, and the geochemical composition of the apatite can be used to infer the economic potential of granites.
Addressing the ‘Tower of Babel’ of pesticide regulations: an ontology for supporting pest-control decisions
Authors: Goldstein A. , Fink L. , Raphaeli O. , Hetzroni A. , Ravid G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFarmers, who have to decide which pesticide to use against a particular crop-damaging pest, need to take into account country-specific regulations (e.g. permitted levels of pesticide residues), application instructions and financial considerations. The fact that these data are stored in different locations, sometimes using different terminology or different languages, makes it difficult to gather these data and requires that farmers are familiar with the variety of terms used, which consequently hampers the efficiency and effectiveness of the decision process. To overcome these challenges, a Web application for pest control is proposed to facilitate the integration of information coming from different Internet sources and representing different terminologies by using an ontology. The application is based on a pest-control ontology (formal representations of domain knowledge that can be interpreted by computers) that accounts for various pesticide regulations of different countries to which the crop is exported. In recent years, ontologies have become a major tool for domain knowledge representation and a core component of many knowledge management systems, decision support systems and other intelligent systems, inter alia, in the context of agriculture. The pest-control ontology developed in the current research includes pest-control concepts that have yet to be covered by existing ontologies. It is demonstrated in the specific case of pepper in Israel. The ontology is expressed using Web Ontology Language (OWL) and thus can be shared on the Web and reused by other ontologies and systems. In addition, a comprehensive method for developing and evaluating agricultural ontologies is presented.
Energy-Optimal Motion Trajectory of an Omni-Directional Mecanum-Wheeled Robot via Polynomial Functions
Authors: Xie Li , Stol Karl , Xu Weiliang 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYThe Mecanum wheel is one of the practical omni-directional wheel designs in industry, especially for heavy-duty tasks in a confined floor. An issue with Mecanum-wheeled robots is inefficient use of energy. In this study, the robotic motion trajectories are optimized to minimize the energy consumption, where a robotic path is expressed in polynomial functions passing through a given set of via points, and a genetic algorithm is used to find the polynomial’s coefficients being decision variables. To attempt a further reduction in the energy consumption, the via points are also taken as decision variables for the optimization. Both simulations and experiments are conducted, and the results show that the optimized trajectories result in a significant reduction in energy consumption, which can be further lowered when the via points become decision variables. It is also found that the higher the order of the polynomials the larger the reduction in the energy consumption.
SLS/BIALL Academic Law Library Survey 2017/2018
Authors: Gee David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis is the latest report analysing the results of the annual Academic Law Library Survey that is jointly sponsored by the Society of Legal Scholars (SLS) and the British and Irish Association of Law Librarians (BIALL). It has been compiled and written by David Gee, Librarian at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, a part of the School of Advanced Study at the University of London.
Climate Litigation in Financial Markets: A Typology
Authors: Solana Javier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOver the past few years, the number of climate cases being filed against corporations and public authorities around the world has been on the rise. Aware of the central role of finance in economic development, the financial sector has remained vigilant. Traditionally, climate litigation in financial markets had been rare, but that seems to be changing: in 2018 there were more cases filed than in any previous year. The development of existing and forthcoming private and public sector initiatives with the aim of promoting sustainable finance may usher in even greater numbers in the next few years. This article provides the first systematic overview of climate cases in financial markets and introduces a typology to classify this type of climate case. This classification reveals common issues across different financial systems and raises questions for further enquiry that define a new research area within the emerging literature on climate litigation.
Evolution of the Thermohaline Structure of One Agulhas Ring Reconstructed from Satellite Altimetry and Argo Floats
Authors: Laxenaire R. , Speich S. , Stegner A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe transfer of Indian Ocean thermocline and intermediate waters into the South Atlantic via the Agulhas leakage is generally believed to be primarily accomplished through mesoscale eddy processes, essentially anticyclones known as Agulhas Rings. Here we take advantage of a recent eddy tracking algorithm and Argo float profiles to study the evolution and the thermohaline structure of one of these eddies over the course of 1.5 years (May 2013–November 2014). We found that during this period the ring evolved according to two different phases: During the first one, taking place in winter, the mixing layer in the eddy deepened significantly. During the second phase, the eddy subsided below the upper warmer layer of the South Atlantic subtropical gyre while propagating west. The separation of this eddy from the sea surface could explain the decrease in its surface signature in satellite altimetry maps, suggesting that such changes are not due to eddy dissipation processes. It is a very large eddy (7.1×1013 m3 in volume), extending, after subduction, from a depth of 200–1,200 m and characterized by two mode water cores. The two mode water cores represent the largest eddy heat and salt anomalies when compared with the surrounding. In terms of its impact over 1 year, the north‐westward propagation of this long‐lived anticyclone induces a transport of 2.2 Sv of water, 0.008 PW of heat, and 2.2×105 kg s−1 of salt. These results confirm that Agulhas Rings play a very important role in the Indo‐Atlantic interocean exchange of heat and salt.
Paleomagnetic Evidence for 25–15 Ma Crust Fragmentation of North Indochina (23–26°N): Consequence of Collision With Greater India NE Corner?
Authors: Speranza Fabio , Pellegrino Alessandra G. , Zhang Bo , Maniscalco Rosanna , Chen Siyu , Hernandez‐Moreno Catalina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Cenozoic deformation of SE Asia is classically related to India‐Asia collision and Tibet Plateau rise, supposedly resulting in the southeastward drift of lithospheric blocks bounded by strike‐slip faults with displacements in the order of 1,000 km. Here we report on the paleomagnetism of 44 Triassic‐Cretaceous red bed sites from the northern Simao, Chuandian, and Lanping “blocks,” along both sides of the Ailao Shan‐Red River shear zone (north Indochina). In the Simao domain, remagnetization predates folding and subsequent 48–70° clockwise rotation of three 2–5 km wide subblocks separated by two unrotated blocks. A primary magnetization component from the Lanping domain center suggests variably clockwise rotated (up to 95° ± 24°) sites, interrupted by a 2–6 km wide block that is rotated counterclockwise by 27° ± 6°. Thus, the Lanping and Simao “blocks” are far from being rigid, being made of a mosaic of independently deforming subblocks, whose kinematics and association with documented tectonics are speculative. It is unclear whether both folding and widespread remagnetization were synchronous or diachronous across north Indochina, but (considering previously published results) strike‐slip activity along major shear zones, remagnetization, rotations, and crustal shortening overlapped within the 32–15 Ma time window, thus were likely genetically related. As opposed to previous models, we suggest that in early to mid‐Cenozoic times, north Indochina was under the influence of oblique Neo‐Tethys subduction. Collision between the NE corner of Greater India and Indochina at ~30 Ma yielded ENE‐WSW shortening and strike‐slip reactivation of preexisting faults, in turn fragmenting the crust into small, independently rotating, blocks.
Secular Variation of the Intensity of the Geomagnetic Field in Mexico During the First Millennium BCE
Authors: Hervé Gwenaël , Perrin Mireille , Alva‐Valdivia Luis M. , Rodríguez‐Trejo Alejandro , Hernández‐Cardona Arnaldo , Córdova Tello Mario , Meza Rodriguez Carolina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn Western Eurasia, the first millennium BCE is characterized by the fastest secular variation of the Earth Magnetic Field observed over the last millennia and by a geomagnetic anomaly centered on the Middle East. On the global scale, the variation of the dipolar field during this period remains poorly constrained because of the lack of data in other geographical areas. Here, we presented 23 new mean archaeointensity data on ceramic sherds dated between 1500 BCE and 200 CE from Chalcatzingo archaeological site in Central Mexico. Archaeointensities were determined using the classical Thellier‐Thellier protocol with corrections for TRM anisotropy and cooling rate effects. Our work doubles the number of high‐quality archaeointensity data in Mexico during the considered period. Using a Bayesian approach, a new secular variation curve was calculated at Mexico City between 1500 BCE and 200 CE after selection of Mexican archaeointensity data. After a period of oscillations of the intensity between 20 and 40 μT from 1500 to 300 BCE, the curve shows a large maximum `~65 μT in the second century BCE. The corresponding VADM varied between ~4.0 and ~11.0 × 1022 Am2, which highlights further that the intensity of the geomagnetic field could vary at regional scale over a larger range as previously thought. However, this amplitude variation may be overestimated, as it does not take into account the fast directional variation observed at this time.
Thank You to Our 2018 Peer Reviewers
Authors: Rajaram Harihar , Diffenbaugh Noah , Camargo Suzana , Cardenas M. Bayani , Carey Rebecca , Cobb Kim , Cory Rose , Cronin Meghan , Dombard Andrew , Donohue Kathleen , Flesch Lucy , Giannini Alessandra , Hayes Gavin , Hogg Andrew , Ilyina Tatiana , Ivanov Valeriy , Jacobsen Steven , Korte Monika , Lu Gang , Morlighem Mathieu , Magnusdottir Gudrun , Newman Andrew , Opher Merav , Passalacqua Paola , Patricola Christina , Ritsema Jeroen , Sprintall Janet , Su Hui , Thornton Joel , Williams Paul , Yau Andrew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOn behalf of the journal, AGU, and the scientific community, the Editors would like to sincerely thank those who reviewed manuscripts for Geophysical Research Letters in 2018. The hours reading and commenting on manuscripts not only improves the manuscripts but also increases the scientific rigor of future research in the field. We particularly appreciate the timely reviews, in light of the demands imposed by the rapid review process at Geophysical Research Letters. With the revival of the “major revisions” decisions, we appreciate the reviewers' efforts on multiple versions of some manuscripts. Many of those listed below went beyond and reviewed three or more manuscripts for our journal, and those are indicated in italics. In total, 4,484 referees contributed to 7,557 individual reviews in journal. Thank you again. We look forward to the coming year of exciting advances in the field and communicating those advances to our community and to the broader public.
Delayed and Sustained Remote Triggering of Small Earthquakes in the San Jacinto Fault Region by the 2014 Mw 7.2 Papanoa, Mexico Earthquake
Authors: Li Bo , Ghosh Abhijit , Mendoza Manuel M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe apply a move max matched‐filter method to detect heightened seismicity triggered in the San Jacinto fault (SJF) zone, by the 2014 Mw 7.2 Papanoa, Mexico earthquake. The move max matched filter detects 5.4 and 1.7 times the number of earthquakes in the Southern California Seismic Network catalog and those detected by the matched‐filter method, respectively. The seismicity rate increases significantly ~3.5 hr after the passage of the teleseismic waves and persists above the background level for about 1 week. This observation of delayed triggering may imply that dynamic stresses had initiated a time‐dependent advance to failure or a secondary process. A highly active triggered patch is located ~10 km west of the SJF near Anza, on a previously unmapped fault. Focal mechanisms and a best fit plane suggest a normal fault perpendicular to the SJF. The unmapped fault may indicate higher seismic hazard in the surrounding areas if a large earthquake nucleated around the Anza seismic gap.
Acceleration of Ocean Acidification in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Ono Hisashi , Kosugi Naohiro , Toyama Katsuya , Tsujino Hiroyuki , Kojima Atsushi , Enyo Kazutaka , Iida Yosuke , Nakano Toshiya , Ishii Masao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBecause annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions have grown rapidly over the past decades, there is a concern that anthropogenic CO2 invasion into the ocean may also have caused the rate of ocean acidification to increase. Here, we report the decadal and longer‐term variability in the rates of change of inorganic carbon variables since the early 1980s in surface seawaters of various oceanic regions along the 137°E repeat line in the western North Pacific. In the subtropical frontal zone, we found that the mean rate of acidification tracked the acceleration of the atmospheric CO2 increase; during 2008–2017, the rate of acidification was 30% faster than during 1983–2017. In the Kuroshio Recirculation and tropical zone, acidification trends were clear, but the trends were modulated by decadal variability associated with temporal variability in regional ocean circulation.
Lower Crustal Heterogeneity Beneath the Northern Tibetan Plateau Constrained by GPS Measurements Following the 2001 Mw7.8 Kokoxili Earthquake
Authors: Liu Shaozhuo , Xu Xiwei , Klinger Yann , Nocquet Jean‐Mathieu , Chen Guihua , Yu Guihua , Jónsson Sigurjón 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe use GPS measurements across the Xidatan segment of the Kunlun fault in the Tibetan Plateau to investigate the surface deformation following the 2001 Mw 7.8 Kokoxili earthquake. We find significant postseismic deformation during the period 2007–2015, characterized by an asymmetric shear across the 2001 rupture, with average velocities reaching ~10 mm/year about 30–45 km south of the coseismic rupture. We also find that the postseismic transients diffused away from the coseismic rupture through time, with a shift of the maximum transient rates from ~20–30 km south of the rupture in 2001–2002 to ~30–45 km in 2007–2015. Viscoelastic relaxation is the dominant physical process during the period 2007–2015. The estimated effective viscosity of the lower crust beneath the Songpan‐Ganzi terrane is 2 × 1018–3 × 1018Pa s from the 2001–2002 data, and it has increased to ~2 × 1019Pa s for the period 6 to 14 years after the event. The large asymmetry in the postseismic deformation field indicates a laterally heterogeneous lower crust beneath the northern Tibetan Plateau. Viscoelastic relaxation models show that the viscosity of the lower crust beneath the Qaidam basin is ~2 and ~4 times larger than the viscosity of the lower crust beneath the Songpan‐Ganzi terrane in 2001–2002 and 2007–2015, respectively. Based on these data and results from previous studies, we postulate that the Kunlun fault itself is not the unique rheological boundary and that additional domains with viscosity increasing from the Qiangtang terrane to the Qaidam basin appear to be required.