bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lived experience peer support programs for suicide prevention: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Schlichthorst Marisa , Ozols Ingrid , Reifels Lennart , Morgan Amy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Peer-led support models have gained increasing popularity in suicide prevention. While previous reviews show positive effects of peer-led support for people with mental health problems and those bereaved by suicide, little is known about the types of lived experience peer support programs in suicide prevention and whether these are effective in improving the health and wellbeing of people at risk of suicide. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of peer support programs that aim to reduce suicidality and are led by people with lived experience of suicide.

Method
We conducted a systematic scoping review, involving a search of three academic (Medline, PsycINFO, Embase) and selected grey literature databases (Google Scholar, WHO Clinical Trials Registry) for publications between 2000 and 2019. We also contacted suicide prevention experts and relevant internet sites to identify peer support programs that exist but have not been evaluated. The screening of records followed a systematic two-stage process in alignment with PRISMA guidelines.

Results
We identified 8 records accounting for 7 programs focussed on peer-led support programs in suicide prevention. These programs employed a range of different designs and included a variety of settings (schools, communities, rural and online). Only 3 of the 7 programs contained data on effectiveness. With the small number of eligible programs the findings from this review are limited and must be interpreted with caution.

Conclusions
Despite the increased focus of policymakers on the importance of peer support programs in suicide prevention, our scoping review confirms an evidence gap in research knowledge regarding program design, implementation, and effectiveness. More rigour is required in reporting peer-led support initiatives to clarify the underlying definition of peer support and lived experience and to enhance our understanding of the types of current peer support programs available to those experiencing suicidality. Further, we need formal and high-quality evaluations of peer support suicide prevention programs led by people with lived experience to better understand their effectiveness on participant health across different settings and delivery modalities and to allow for comprehensive systematic reviews and meta-analysis in future.
Cluster identification, selection, and description in cluster randomized crossover trials: the PREP-IT trials
Authors: Sprague Sheila , Scott Taryn , Dodds Shannon , Pogorzelski David , McKay Paula , Harris Anthony D. , Wood Amber , Thabane Lehana , Bhandari Mohit , Mehta Samir , Gaski Greg , Boulton Christina , Marcano-Fernández Francesc , Guerra-Farfán Ernesto , Hebden Joan , O’Hara Lyndsay M. , Slobogean Gerard P. ,   on behalf of the PREP-IT Investigators
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
In cluster randomized crossover (CRXO) trials, groups of participants (i.e., clusters) are randomly allocated to receive a sequence of interventions over time (i.e., cluster periods). CRXO trials are becoming more comment when they are feasible, as they require fewer clusters than parallel group cluster randomized trials. However, CRXO trials have not been frequently used in orthopedic fracture trials and represent a novel methodological application within the field. To disseminate the early knowledge gained from our experience initiating two cluster randomized crossover trials, we describe our process for the identification and selection of the orthopedic practices (i.e., clusters) participating in the PREP-IT program and present data to describe their key characteristics.

Methods
The PREP-IT program comprises two ongoing pragmatic cluster randomized crossover trials (Aqueous-PREP and PREPARE) which compare the effect of iodophor versus chlorhexidine solutions on surgical site infection and unplanned fracture-related reoperations in patients undergoing operative fracture management. We describe the process we used to identify and select orthopedic practices (clusters) for the PREP-IT trials, along with their characteristics.

Results
We identified 58 potential orthopedic practices for inclusion in the PREP-IT trials. After screening each practice for eligibility, we selected 30 practices for participation and randomized each to a sequence of interventions (15 for Aqueous-PREP and 20 for PREPARE). The majority of orthopedic practices included in the Aqueous-PREP and PREPARE trials were situated in level I trauma centers (100% and 87%, respectively). Orthopedic practices in the Aqueous-PREP trial operatively treated a median of 149 open fracture patients per year, included a median of 11 orthopedic surgeons, and had access to a median of 5 infection preventionists. Orthopedic practices in the PREPARE trial treated a median of 142 open fracture and 1090 closed fracture patients per year, included a median of 7.5 orthopedic surgeons, and had access to a median of 6 infection preventionists.

Conclusions
The PREP-IT trials provide an example of how to follow the reporting standards for cluster randomized crossover trials by providing a clear definition of the cluster unit, a thorough description of the cluster identification and selection process, and sufficient description of key cluster characteristics.

Trial registration
Both trials are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (A-PREP: NCT03385304 December 28, 2017, and PREPARE: NCT03523962 May 14, 2018).
Effects of “Thursdays at the Museum” at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts on the mental and physical health of older community dwellers: the art-health randomized clinical trial protocol
Authors: Beauchet Olivier , Cooper-Brown Liam , Hayashi Yoko , Galery Kevin , Vilcocq Christine , Bastien Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Recently, we demonstrated that the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts’ (MMFA) participatory art-based activity, known as “Thursdays at the Museum,” improved the well-being, quality of life, and physical health (i.e., frailty) of older community dwellers by using a pre-post intervention, single arm, prospective and longitudinal experimental design. The present randomized clinical trial (RCT), known as the Art-Health RCT (A-Health RCT), aims to compare changes in well-being, quality of life, frailty, and physiological measures in older community dwellers who participate in “Thursdays at the Museum” (intervention group) and in their counterparts who do not participate in this art-based activity (control group).

Methods/design
The current unicenter, randomized, clinical, controlled, comparative trial recruits 150 older community dwellers to two parallel arms (75 participants in the intervention group and 75 participants in the control group). The intervention is a 3-month cycle of weekly “Thursdays at the Museum,” which are structured 2-h-long art-based workshops performed in a group setting at the MMFA. The control group is composed of participants who do not take part in art-based activities, receive their usual health and/or social services, and commit to report any other activity practiced during the same time. Assessments of the primary outcome (well-being) and the secondary outcomes (quality of life, frailty, and physiological measures including heart rate, daily step count, sleep duration, and its phases) are performed on six occasions: at baseline, at the beginning of the second and third months, at the end of the third month, as well as 6 and 12 months after the last workshop. Statistical analyses are performed with the intention to treat and per protocol. Comparisons of changes in outcome measures between intervention and control groups use repeated measures tests.

Discussion
Art-based activities carried out at museums have been receiving increased interest from researchers and policy-makers because of their benefits to mental and physical health. There are few robust studies, such as RCTs, that focus on older community dwellers or assess the efficacy of these participatory museum activities. The A-Health RCT study provides an opportunity to confirm the benefits of a participatory art-based museum activity on the elderly population and to show the key role played by museums in public health promotion.

Trial registration
NCT03679715; Title: A-Health RCT: Effects of Participatory Art-Based Activity on Health of Older Community Dwellers; First posted date: September 20, 2018; prospectively registered.
Natural Wolbachia infection in field-collected Anopheles and other mosquito species from Malaysia
Authors: Wong Meng Li , Liew Jonathan Wee Kent , Wong Wai Kit , Pramasivan Sandthya , Mohamed Hassan Norzihan , Wan Sulaiman Wan Yusoff , Jeyaprakasam Nantha Kumar , Leong Cherng Shii , Low Van Lun , Vythilingam Indra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe endosymbiont bacteriumWolbachiais maternally inherited and naturally infects some filarial nematodes and a diverse range of arthropods, including mosquito vectors responsible for disease transmission in humans. Previously, it has been found infecting most mosquito species but absent inAnophelesandAedes aegypti. However, recently these two mosquito species were found to be naturally infected withWolbachia. We report here the extent ofWolbachiainfections in field-collected mosquitoes from Malaysia based on PCR amplification of theWolbachia wspand16SrRNA genes.MethodsThe prevalence ofWolbachiain Culicinae mosquitoes was assessedviaPCR withwspprimers. For some of the mosquitoes, in which thewspprimers failed to amplify a product,Wolbachiascreening was performed using nested PCR targeting the16SrRNA gene.Wolbachiasequences were aligned using Geneious 9.1.6 software, analyzed with BLAST, and the most similar sequences were downloaded. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out with MEGA 7.0 software. Graphs were drawn with GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.ResultsA total of 217 adult mosquitoes representing 26 mosquito species were screened. Of these, infections withWolbachiawere detected in 4 and 15 mosquito species usingwspand16SrRNA primers, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first timeWolbachiawas detected using16SrRNA gene amplification, in someAnophelesspecies (some infected withPlasmodium),Culex sinensis,Culex vishnui,Culex pseudovishnui,Mansonia bonneaeandMansonia annulifera. Phylogenetic analysis based onwsprevealedWolbachiafrom most of the mosquitoes belonged toWolbachiaSupergroup B. Based on16SrRNA phylogenetic analysis, theWolbachiastrain fromAnophelesmosquitoes were more closely related toWolbachia infectingAnophelesfrom Africa than from Myanmar.ConclusionsWolbachia was found infectingAnophelesand other important disease vectors such asMansonia. SinceWolbachiacan affect its host by reducing the life span and provide resistance to pathogen infection, several studies have suggested it as a potential innovative tool for vector/vector-borne disease control. Therefore, it is important to carry out further studies on naturalWolbachiainfection in vector mosquitoes’ populations as well as their long-term effects in new hosts and pathogen suppression.
Relationship between radiological severity and physical and mental health in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ribeiro Isadora Cristina , Coimbra Arlete Maria Valente , Costallat Beatriz Lavras , Coimbra Ibsen Bellini 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between radiological severity, as assessed by the individual grades and grouped grades (grades “0 and 1” and “2 to 4”) of the Kellgren-Lawrence scale (K&Ls), and depression symptoms, cognitive loss, risk of falls, and quality of life in relation to knee osteoarthritis, as assessed by other instruments.MethodsData recorded between 2013 and 2014 in Amparo (São Paulo, Brazil) were retrieved for analysis. A total of 181 elderly patients who had knee osteoarthritis and underwent a radiologic exam were evaluated for depressive symptoms, cognitive loss, quality of life, and risk of falls by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), timed up and go test (TUG), and Berg balance scale (BBS). For statistical analyses, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman’s coefficient analysis were used.ResultsThere was no significant relationship between the scores of the instruments investigated and the individual K&Ls grades. However, when the K&Ls scores were assessed by groups, grades “2 to 4” were associated with the worst WOMAC score and the highest frequency and risk of falls according to the BBS but not according to TUG. For the GDS and MMSE, no significant relationships with the K&Ls grades were found. In addition, the K&Ls grade was correlated with the WOMAC score, regardless of the domain.ConclusionThe radiological scores of the Kellgren-Lawrence (K&L) scale were associated with poorer WOMAC and BBS scores only when the K&Ls scores were evaluated in groups, and the WOMAC score was associated with an increase in the radiological grade.
Relationship between interstitial glucose variability in ambulatory glucose profile and standardized continuous glucose monitoring metrics; a pilot study
Authors: Tokutsu Akemi , Okada Yosuke , Torimoto Keiichi , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTreatment indexes using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have become standardized internationally, and the use of ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) is currently recommended. However, the relationship between AGP indexes and standardized CGM metrics has not been investigated. Using flash glucose monitoring (FGM), this retrospective study served to evaluate the association of the inter-quartile range (IQR) of AGP with standardized CGM metrics.MethodsThe study subjects were 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 23 non-diabetic patients (control group). We evaluated average IQR (AIQR) and standardized CGM metrics. The primary endpoint was the relationship between AIQR and Time in range (TIR) in a 24-h period.ResultsIn the T2DM group, the AIQR was notably high and correlated negatively with TIR, and positively with Time above range, average interstitial glucose level, standard deviation of interstitial glucose, coefficient of variation of interstitial glucose, and mean of daily difference in blood glucose (MODD). For the T2DM group, the AIQR was notably lower in patients who achieved TIR > 70%, compared to those who did not. The AIQR cutoff value, as determined by ROC analysis, was 28.3 mg/dl for those who achieved TIR > 70%. No association was detected between the presence of hypoglycemia and AIQR.ConclusionsOur study is the first to provide the AIQR cutoff value for achieving the TIR target value. The range of interstitial glucose variability in AGP was associated with indexes of intra- and interday variations and hyperglycemia. Our results provide new perspectives in the yet-to-be established methods for evaluation of AGP in practical clinical settings.
Physical activity assessment by accelerometry in people with heart failure
Authors: Dibben Grace O. , Gandhi Manish M. , Taylor Rod S. , Dalal Hasnain M. , Metcalf Brad , Doherty Patrick , Tang Lars H. , Kelson Mark , Hillsdon Melvyn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundInternational guidelines for physical activity recommend at least 150 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for adults, including those with cardiac disease. There is yet to be consensus on the most appropriate way to categorise raw accelerometer data into behaviourally relevant metrics such as intensity, especially in chronic disease populations. Therefore the aim of this study was to estimate acceleration values corresponding to inactivity and MVPA during daily living activities of patients with heart failure (HF), via calibration with oxygen consumption (VO2) and to compare these values to previously published, commonly applied PA intensity thresholds which are based on healthy adults.MethodsTwenty-two adults with HF (mean age 71 ± 14 years) undertook a range of daily living activities (including laying down, sitting, standing and walking) whilst measuring PA via wrist- and hip-worn accelerometers and VO2via indirect calorimetry. Raw accelerometer output was used to compute PA in units of milligravity (mg). Energy expenditure across each of the activities was converted into measured METs (VO2/resting metabolic rate) and standard METs (VO2/3.5 ml/kg/min). PA energy costs were also compared with predicted METs in the compendium of physical activities. Location specific activity intensity thresholds were established via multilevel mixed effects linear regression and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. A leave-one-out method was used to cross-validate the thresholds.ResultsAccelerometer values corresponding with intensity thresholds for inactivity (< 1.5METs) and MVPA (≥3.0METs) were > 50% lower than previously published intensity thresholds for both wrists and waist accelerometers (inactivity: 16.7 to 18.6 mg versus 45.8 mg; MVPA: 43.1 to 49.0 mg versus 93.2 to 100 mg). Measured METs were higher than both standard METs (34–35%) and predicted METs (45–105%) across all standing and walking activities.ConclusionHF specific accelerometer intensity thresholds for inactivity and MVPA are lower than previously published thresholds based on healthy adults, due to lower resting metabolic rate and greater energy expenditure during daily living activities for HF patients.Trial registrationClinical trials.govNCT03659877, retrospectively registered on September 6th 2018.
Recurrent small bowel obstruction caused by Burkitt lymphoma in an elderly man: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kasparian Saro , Burns Ethan , Shehabeldin Ahmed , Awar Melina , Pingali Sai Ravi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency usually caused by abdominal adhesions, followed by intraluminal tumors from metastatic disease. Although lymphomas have been known to cause bowel obstruction, Burkitt lymphoma is seldom reported to induce an obstruction in the adult population.

Case presentation
A 78-year-old Hispanic man with a history of abdominal interventions presented to our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed a partial small bowel obstruction attributed to local inflammation or adhesions. Medical management with bowel rest and nasogastric decompression resulted in resolution of symptoms and quick discharge. He returned 2 days later with worsening abdominal pain. Repeat imaging showed progression of the partial small bowel obstruction, but with an additional 1.6-cm nodular density abutting the anterior aspect of the gastric antrum and lobulated anterior gastric antral wall thickening. He was taken to the operating room, where several masses were found. Intraoperative frozen sections were consistent with lymphoma, and pathology later revealed Burkitt lymphoma. Disease was found on both sides of the diaphragm by positron emission tomography. After the initial resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient is alive and well about 14 months after resection.

Conclusions
Small bowel obstruction is uncommonly due to Burkitt lymphoma in the geriatric population and is more frequently seen in the pediatric and young adult populations. Burkitt lymphoma is very aggressive with rapid cell turnover leading to significant morbidity. The rapid recurrence of an acute abdominal process should prompt an investigation for a more sinister cause such as malignancy.
miR-150 regulates endothelial progenitor cell differentiation via Akt and promotes thrombus resolution
Authors: Du Xiaolong , Hu Nan , Yu Huiying , Hong Lei , Ran Feng , Huang Dian , Zhou Min , Li Chenglong , Li Xiaoqiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDeep venous thrombosis (DVT) constitutes a major global disease burden. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been described in association with recanalization of venous thrombus. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests microRNAs are involved in this progression. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of miR-150 on the behavior of EPCs and its potential contribution in venous thrombosis resolution.MethodsWe isolated and cultured EPCs from healthy adults. Next, early EPCs or endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs or late EPCs) were transfected with miR-150 agomir and antagomir. Gene expression profiles, proliferation, cytokine secretion, and angiogenic capacity of early EPCs and ECFCs were examined. The effects of miR-150 on c-Myb expression and Akt/FOXO1 signaling were also evaluated. Furthermore, a rat model of venous thrombosis was constructed to determine the in vivo function of EPCs.ResultsOur results showed that miR-150 overexpression in early EPCs significantly promoted differentiation to ECFCs and contributed to proliferation and tube formation. However, suppression of miR-150 in late EPCs inhibited proliferation and tube formation. Moreover, we identified that this progression is regulated by inhibition of c-Myb and activation of the Akt/FOXO1 pathway. Our findings also showed that miR-150 led to the enhanced resolution ability of EPCs in a rat venous thrombosis model.ConclusionsIn this study, we present a novel mechanism of miRNA-mediated regulation of EPCs and Akt activation in thrombus resolution.
The rates of hospital admissions and return visits to a rapidly growing pediatric emergency department as measures of quality of care
Authors: Keret Amit , Shir Yakir , Schwartz Shepard , Berliner Elihay , Erlichman Mattityahu , Weiser Giora 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Return visits to the emergency department are viewed as a quality measure of patient management. Avoiding unnecessary admissions to the ward can potentially cause an increase in return visits, thus effecting quality assessment.

Methods
After implementing an educational process the relationship between admissions and return visits was assessed over time at a rapidly growing pediatric emergency department.

Results
There was a 264% increase in visits from 2004 to 2017. In the study period admission rates declined from 25 to 14%. This was achieved without a rise in return visits and with a stable percentage of admissions from return visits.

Conclusions
Interventions aimed at decreasing unnecessary admissions do not lead to increased return visits and return visit admissions.