bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti ou la guerre comme œuvre d’art totale
Authors: Lista Giovanni 
Published: April 2020

En fondant en 1909 le mouvement futuriste, l’écrivain Filippo Tommaso Marinetti veut parachever le Risorgimento , qui avait unifié l’Italie, par la création d’une nouvelle culture d’avant-garde. Son projet consiste à libérer définitivement l’Italie de l’héritage de la culture gréco-latine et des idéaux du monde classique. Convaincu que la guerre est une force de rajeunissement bien plus puissante que les mouvements révolutionnaires, il la célèbre dans ses « mots en liberté ». Il pousse par ailleurs les artistes futuristes à introduire le thème de la guerre dans leurs tableaux, en favorisant, par son activisme, l’entrée en guerre de l’Italie. Dans ses manifestes futuristes, il célèbre la beauté de la guerre, l’esthétique des combats et des bombardements. Il considère la guerre comme le plus beau spectacle plurisensoriel dont puisse jouir l’esprit humain. Lors de l’instauration du régime fasciste, il tente d’arriver à un compromis entre le mouvement futuriste et le nouveau pouvoir politique. Mais il est rejeté et marginalisé. En s’obstinant à tenir en vie son mouvement futuriste, il se voit alors obligé de soutenir les guerres coloniales italiennes.
De l’instrumentalisation de l’art par les nazis
Authors: Chapoutot Johann , Sicard Didier 
Published: April 2020

Il est désormais acquis que le concours et le soutien de la population allemande au national-socialisme ont été obtenus par la séduction et par la conviction. Pour ce qui est de la séduction, les nazis ont déployé un gigantesque appareil de production esthétique. Pour eux, l’art est un acteur politique majeur. Mais quel était leur idéal artistique ? Qu’était le beau pour eux ?
En mathématique
Authors: Ghys Étienne 
Published: April 2020

« Le savant n’étudie pas la nature parce que cela est utile ; il l’étudie parce qu’il y prend plaisir et il y prend plaisir parce qu’elle est belle. […] Je ne parle pas ici, bien entendu, de cette beauté qui frappe les sens, de la beauté des qualités et des apparences ; non que j’en fasse fi, loin de là, mais elle n’a rien à faire avec la science ; je veux parler de cette beauté plus intime qui vient de l’ordre harmonieux des parties, et qu’une intelligence pure peut saisir. » C’est ainsi que les mathématiciens, souvent considérés comme des calculateurs froids, parlent généralement de leur travail en termes esthétiques, vantant la beauté d’un théorème ou l’élégance d’une preuve.
Detecting space-time disease clusters with arbitrary shapes and sizes using a co-clustering approach
Authors: Ullah Sami , Daud Hanita , Dass Sarat C. , Khan Habib Nawaz , Khalil Alamgir 
Published: April 2020

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Ability to detect potential space-time clusters in spatio-temporal data on disease occurrences is necessary for conducting surveillance and implementing disease prevention policies. Most existing techniques use geometrically shaped (circular, elliptical or square) scanning windows to discover disease clusters. In certain situations, where the disease occurrences tend to cluster in very irregularly shaped areas, these algorithms are not feasible in practise for the detection of space-time clusters. To address this problem, a new algorithm is proposed, which uses a co-clustering strategy to detect prospective and retrospective space-time disease clusters with no restriction on shape and size. The proposed method detects space-time disease clusters by tracking the changes in space-time occurrence structure instead of an in-depth search over space. This method was utilised to detect potential clusters in the annual and monthly malaria data in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan from 2012 to 2016 visualising the results on a heat map. The results of the annual data analysis showed that the most likely hotspot emerged in three sub-regions in the years 2013-2014. The most likely hotspots in monthly data appeared in the month of July to October in each year and showed a strong periodic trend.
Eros and Self-Realization: Zora Neale Hurston's Janie and Flora Nwapa'sEfuru
Authors: Moolla F. Fiona 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTA comparative analysis of Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God and Flora Nwapa's Efuru suggests the importance of romantic love to the self- actualization of the heroines of these novels, whose authors share similar biographies, concerns, and literary positions in the spheres of African American and African literatures respectively. For Hurston, eros paradoxically represents the ultimately unfulfilled possibility for self-realization that finally may be achieved only in and through the self. By contrast, for Nwapa, the focus shifts from the centrality of romantic love to the complex and contradictory place of childbearing in female self-realization. However, finally, self-actualization is achieved with other women in identification with Mammywater, the powerful Igbo lake goddess.
Love as Justice
Authors: Yuille Lua Kamál , Yuille Rúḥíyyih Nikole , Yuille Justin A. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The law, serving as a codification of the commitments and values of “White space,” often treats love and justice as separable and separate values, experiences, and institutions. Black love, on the contrary, is bound up with and, even, identified with justice. This inextricability is painted masterfully in the interstices of Zora Neale Hurston's, Their Eyes Were Watching God. The story, widely framed as a woman's journey to autonomy and love, is just as much the story of her search for justice. This article uses Hurston's narrative of love and justice, Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy of humanization, and law to illustrate the implications of Black love for engaging legal justice in White space. It concludes that liberation for Black people demands humanizing legal praxis.
The (Ever)Lasting Significance of Zora Neale Hurston'sBarracoon
Authors: Williams Dana A. , Relerford Jimisha 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTZora Neale Hurston's Barracoon teaches us distinct lessons about African American literary studies and its relation to the memory of Africa. In this text, Kossula helps us better understand a transatlantic black identity, the tension that exist between those who remember Africa and those who have adopted a black American identity, and the failures of supposed victories and African emigration. This traversing also reminds us that there can be no agreed upon or stable method for charting literary history. Instead, it encourages us to follow a model of historiography that looks for continuity and is more cross-directional than vertical. The archive, of course, requires such a model. Thus, Barracoon's publication, as an archival artifact especially, is also instructive as evidence of the primacy of the archive in relation to canon formation and literary traditions.
Het snijvlak van arbeidsrecht en letselschade: de ontslagvergoeding en de vergoeding voor verlies aan arbeidsvermogen
Authors: Kolk D.J. 
Published: April 2020

Het snijvlak van arbeidsrecht en letselschade: de ontslagvergoeding en de vergoeding voor verlies aan arbeidsvermogen
Een arbeidsongeval wordt gevolgd door ontslag: kan een werkgever betogen dat een ontslagvergoeding op een vergoeding voor verlies aan arbeidsvermogen als voordeel in de zin van artikel 6:100 BW in mindering moet worden gebracht? Dit snijvlak van het arbeidsrecht en de letselschadepraktijk wordt in dit artikel in kaart gebracht.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes produced after forest fires improve germination and development of Eysenhardtia polystachya
Authors: Juárez-Cisneros Gladys , Gómez-Romero Mariela , Reyes de la Cruz Homero , Campos-García Jesús , Villegas Javier 
Published: April 2020

Background
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are nanoparticles with countless applications. MWCNTs are typically of synthetic origin. However, recently, the formation of MWCNTs in nature after forest fires has been documented. Previous reports have demonstrated the positive effects of synthetic MWCNTs on the germination and development of species of agronomic interest; nevertheless, there is practically no information on how synthetic or natural MWCNTs affect forest plant development. In this report, based on insights from dose-response assays, we elucidate the comparative effects of synthetic MWCNTs, amorphous carbon, and natural MWCNTs obtained after a forest fire on Eysenhardtia polystachya plant.

Methods
E. polystachya seeds were sown in peat moss-agrolite substrate and conserved in a shade house. Germination was recorded daily up to 17 days after sowing, and plant development (manifested in shoot and root length, stem diameter, foliar area, and root architecture parameters) was recorded 60 days after sowing.

Results
The treatments with natural MWCNTs accelerated the emergence and improved the germination of this plant, thus while untreated seeds achieve 100% of germination within 16th day, seeds supplemented with natural MWCNTs at doses of 20 µg/mL achieve the above percentage within the 4th day. Natural MWCNTs also promoted fresh and dry biomass in all applied treatments, specially at doses of 40 µg/mL where natural MWCNTs significantly promoted leaf number, root growth, and the dry and fresh weights of shoots and roots of seedlings. Seeds supplemented with doses between 20 and 40 µg/mL of amorphous carbon achieving 100% of germination within the 6th day; however, seeds supplemented either with doses of 60 µg/mL of the above carbon or with synthetic MWCNTs at all the tested concentrations could achieve at most 80 % and 70% of germination respectively within the 17 days. Finally, neither treatments added with amorphous carbon nor those added with synthetic MWCNTs, showed significant increases in the fresh and dry biomass of the tested plant. Likewise, the survival of seedlings was reduced between 10 and 20 % with 40 and 60 µg/mL of amorphous carbon, and with synthetic MWCNTs in all the doses applied was reduced at 30% of survival plants.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that MWCNTs produced by wildfire act as plant growth promoters, contributing to the germination and development of adapted to fire-prone conditions species such as E. polystachya.
Synthetic biology principles for the design of protein with novel structures and functions
Authors: Zhou Weijun , Šmidlehner Tamara , Jerala Roman 
Published: April 2020

Nature provides a large number of functional proteins that evolved during billions of years of evolution. The diversity of natural proteins encompasses versatile functions and more than a thousand different folds, which, however, represents only a tiny fraction of all possible folds and polypeptide sequences. Recent advances in the rational design of proteins demonstrate that it is possible to design de novo protein folds unseen in nature. Novel protein topologies have been designed based on similar principles as natural proteins using advanced computational modelling or modular construction principles, such as oligomerization domains. Designed proteins exhibit several interesting features such as extreme stability, designability of 3D topologies and folding pathways. Moreover, designed protein assemblies can implement symmetry similar to the viral capsids, while, on the other hand, single‐chain pseudosymmetric designs can address each position independently. Recently, the design is expanding towards the introduction of new functions into designed proteins, and we may soon be able to design molecular machines.
Recent Advances and Promise of MXene‐Based Nanostructures for High‐Performance Metal Ion Batteries
Authors: Dong Yanfeng , Shi Haodong , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMXenes, a large family of 2D transition metal carbides or carbonitrides, possessing exceptional conductivity in the crystal core and ample functional groups (e.g., OH, F, O) on their surface, low energy barriers for metal ion diffusion, and large interlayer spaces for ion intercalation, are opening up various intriguing opportunities to construct advanced MXene‐based nanostructures for different‐type metal ion batteries (MIBs) with remarkable energy density and power density. Herein, this work summarizes the recent advances in MXene‐based nanostructures for high‐performance MIBs from lithium ion batteries to non‐lithium (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+) ion batteries, in which the unique roles of MXenes as active materials, conductive substrates, and even current collectors are highlighted. Furthermore, the loaded model, encapsulated model, and sandwiched model are clarified in detail for MXene‐based hybrids with different dimensional (0D, 1D, and 2D) active materials, and each structural model is well exampled for different MIBs with special emphasis of synergistic effects and strong interaction interfaces between MXene and active materials. Finally, the existing challenges and perspectives of MXene‐based nanostructures are briefly discussed for MIBs.
In Situ Ice Template Approach to Fabricate 3D Flexible MXene Film‐Based Electrode for High Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhu Qizhen , Soomro Razium A. , He Shiyu , Sun Ning , Qiao Ning , Xu Bin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMXenes with metallic conductivity, high pseudo‐capacitance and 2D structure, are promising flexible electrode materials for supercapacitors, but suffer from the restacking issue, which hinders ion accessibility and causes sluggish ion kinetics. Herein, a simple in situ ice template strategy is proposed to fabricate free‐standing, flexible 3D porous Ti3C2Tx/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) film (3D‐PMCF) by freeze‐drying Ti3C2Tx‐based hydro‐films without any postprocessing. During the freeze‐drying process, small ice grains are in situ transformed from the residual water molecules in the Ti3C2Tx interlayer and then act as a self‐sacrifice template to construct a 3D porous network. CNTs introduced in the hydro‐film increase the amount of interlayer water and the resultant porosity. The 3D structure of Ti3C2Tx significantly increases the exposed surface active sites and accelerates the ion transport, meanwhile maintaining good flexibility. Consequently, the flexible 3D‐PMCF film delivers a capacitance of 375 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 and retains 251.2 F g−1 at 1000 mV s−1 with excellent cycling stability, much superior to the conventional densely stacked Ti3C2Tx film. Being assembled into a symmetric supercapacitor, an energy density of 9.2 Wh kg−1 is realized. This work demonstrates a simple and efficient route for constructing high‐performance and flexible 3D MXene film electrodes for supercapacitors.
Microcontainer Delivery of Antibiotic Improves Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms
Authors: Birk Stine Egebro , Haagensen Janus Anders Juul , Johansen Helle Krogh , Molin Søren , Nielsen Line Hagner , Boisen Anja 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBiofilm‐associated infections are difficult to treat effectively with antibiotics despite repeated treatments. Polymeric microdevices (microcontainers) have previously been shown to engulf in mucus layers and to provide tunable release. Such devices may overcome the challenge of delivering antibiotics into the biofilm, increasing the local drug concentration and hence improve local bacterial killing. In this work, microcontainers are loaded with the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, and functionalized with polymeric lids of polyethylene glycol (PEG), chitosan, or Eudragit S100. The PEG lid gives rise to a drug release comparable to uncoated microcontainers showing complete release after 8 h, whereas chitosan and Eudragit S100 lids result in continuous release during the course of 24 h. All antibiotic‐containing microcontainers inhibit planktonic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) cells, but the degree of inhibition depends on the coating. Microcontainers with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride kill about three times more biofilm‐associated PAO1 cells compared with a single standard bolus. Moreover, the use of microcontainers in biofilm result in bacterial killing equal to a constant flow of a three times higher concentration of solubilized antibiotics. These studies suggest that microcontainers can be useful for antibiotic delivery in treatment of biofilm‐associated infections, resulting in more effective treatment and reduced use of antibiotics.
Exploring Bi2Te3 Nanoplates as Versatile Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of Small Molecules
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zheng Fangfang , Huang Bolong , Ji Yujin , Shao Qi , Li Youyong , Xiao Xiangheng , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe electroreduction of small molecules to high value‐added chemicals is considered as a promising way toward the capture and utilization of atmospheric small molecules. Discovering cheap and efficient electrocatalysts with simultaneously high activity, selectivity, durability, and even universality is desirable yet challenging. Herein, it is demonstrated that Bi2Te3 nanoplates (NPs), cheap and noble‐metal‐free electrocatalysts, can be adopted as highly universal and robust electrocatalysts, which can efficiently reduce small molecules (O2, CO2, and N2) into targeted products simultaneously. They can achieve excellent activity, selectivity and durability for the oxygen reduction reaction with almost 100% H2O2 selectivity, the CO2 reduction reaction with up to 90% Faradaic efficiency (FE) of HCOOH, and the nitrogen reduction reaction with 7.9% FE of NH3. After electrochemical activation, an obvious Te dissolution happens on the Bi2Te3 NPs, creating lots of Te vacancies in the activated Bi2Te3 NPs. Theoretical calculations reveal that the Te vacancies can modulate the electronic structures of Bi and Te. Such a highly electroactive surface with a strong preference in supplying electrons for the universal reduction reactions improves the electrocatalytic performance of Bi2Te3. The work demonstrates a new class of cheap and versatile catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of small molecules with potential practical applications.
Porous Organic Frameworks Featured by Distinct Confining Fields for the Selective Hydrogenation of Biomass‐Derived Ketones
Authors: Yang Yajie , Deng Dan , Zhang Shenli , Meng Qinghao , Li Zhangnan , Wang Zeyu , Sha Haoyan , Faller Roland , Bian Zheng , Zou Xiaoqin , Zhu Guangshan , Yuan Ye 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe asymmetric hydrogenation of biomass‐derived molecules for the preparation of single enantiomer compounds is an effective method to reduce the rapid consumption of fossil resources. Porous organic frameworks (POFs) with pure organic surfaces may provide unusual confinement effects for organic substrates in chiral catalysis. Here, a series of POF catalysts are designed with chiral active centers decorated into sharply defined one‐dimensional channels with diameters in the range of 1.2–2.9 nm. Due to the synergistic effect originating from the conjugated inner wall, the POF material (aperture size 2.4 nm) concentrates over 90% of aromatic species into the porous architecture, and its affinity is one or two orders of magnitude higher than those of classical porous solids. As determined by PBE+D3 calculation, the phenyl fragment reveals strong π–π interaction for steric hindrance around the metal active site to achieve stronger asymmetric induction. Therefore, this POF catalyst achieves high conversion (>99% yield) and enantioselectivity (>99% ee) for various substrates. The advantages of using the POF platform as a chiral catalyst can provide new perspectives on POF‐based solid‐state host–guest chemistry and asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis.
Mechanical Tolerance of Cascade Bioreactions via Adaptive Curvature Engineering for Epidermal Bioelectronics
Authors: Wang Ting , Lei Qun‐Li , Wang Ming , Deng Guoying , Yang Le , Liu Xijian , Li Chunlin , Wang Qi , Liu Zhihua , Wang Jianwu , Cui Zequn , Utama Kevin Goldio , Ni Ran , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEpidermal bioelectronics that can monitor human health status non‐invasively and in real time are core to wearable healthcare equipment. Achieving mechanically tolerant surface bioreactions that convert biochemical information to detectable signals is crucial for obtaining high sensing fidelity. In this work, by combining simulations and experiments, a typical epidermal biosensor system is investigated based on a redox enzyme cascade reaction (RECR) comprising glucose oxidase/lactate oxidase enzymes and Prussian blue nanoparticles. Simulations reveal that strain‐induced change in surface reactant flux is the key to the performance drop in traditional flat bioelectrodes. In contrast, wavy bioelectrodes capable of curvature adaptation maintain the reactant flux under strain, which preserves sensing fidelity. This rationale is experimentally proven by bioelectrodes with flat/wavy geometry under both static strain and dynamic stretching. When exposed to 50% strain, the signal fluctuations for wavy bioelectrodes are only 7.0% (4.9%) in detecting glucose (lactate), which are significantly lower than the 40.3% (51.8%) in flat bioelectrodes. Based on this wavy bioelectrode, a stable human epidermal metabolite biosensor insensitive to human gestures is further demonstrated. This mechanically tolerant biosensor based on adaptive curvature engineering provides a reliable bio/chemical‐information monitoring platform for soft healthcare bioelectronics.
Two Are Better Than One: A Design Principle for Ultralong‐Persistent Luminescence of Pure Organics
Authors: Alam Parvej , Leung Nelson L. C. , Liu Junkai , Cheung Tsz Shing , Zhang Xuepeng , He Zikai , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Chan Christopher C. S. , Wong Kam Sing , Peng Qian , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBecause of their innate ability to store and then release energy, long‐persistent luminescence (LPL) materials have garnered strong research interest in a wide range of multidisciplinary fields, such as biomedical sciences, theranostics, and photonic devices. Although many inorganic LPL systems with afterglow durations of up to hours and days have been reported, organic systems have had difficulties reaching similar timescales. In this work, a design principle based on the successes of inorganic systems to produce an organic LPL (OLPL) system through the use of a strong organic electron trap is proposed. The resulting system generates detectable afterglow for up to 7 h, significantly longer than any other reported OLPL system. The design strategy demonstrates an easy methodology to develop organic long‐persistent phosphors, opening the door to new OLPL materials.
Deconjugated‐Ketone‐Derived Dienolates in Remote, Stereocontrolled, Aromative aza‐Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition
Authors: Frankowski Sebastian , Skrzyńska Anna , Sieroń Lesław , Albrecht Łukasz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the manuscript, the application of β,γ‐unsaturated ketones as precursors of electron‐rich dienophiles in the organocatalytic, aromative inverse‐electron‐demand hetero‐Diels‐Alder cycloaddition is described. The reaction leads to the formation of biologically relevant benzofuran derivatives bearing additional tetrahydropyridine ring. The reaction is fully site‐selective and occurs preferentially at the distal double bond of the dienolate intermediate. Given the absolute configuration assignment a step‐wise mechanism has been proposed and the formation of aromatic benzofuran ring indicated as the driving force of the cascade.magnified image