bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features and Disease Damage Risk Factors in an Egyptian SLE Cohort: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Afifi Naglaa , El Bakry Samah A. , Mohannad Nevine , Bassyouni Iman H. , Elezz Nahla F. Abou , El-Shazly Reem , Hussein Safaa A. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has a variable natural history and
clinical characteristics. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the clinical and immunological characteristics,
and assess the disease accrual of an Egyptian SLE cohort.

Methods:
The study included 569 SLE patients who were collected from three different centers; demographic,
laboratory data, cumulative manifestations, and comorbidities were assessed (characteristics
at the time of diagnosis were recorded retrospectively, while current clinical data were recorded
cross-sectionally). Evaluation of disease activity was done using Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Disease Activity Index score (SLEDAI) and damage by Systemic Lupus International Collaborative
Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI).

Results:
The median age of patients at disease onset was 25.0±10.5 years, the median disease duration
was 4.0 (6.5) years, the female to male ratio was (12.5:1), and the median SLEDAI was
12.0±14.0. Family history of SLE was noticed in 4%. Antinuclear antibody was positive in all patients
and 86% had positive anti-double-stranded DNA. Arthritis/arthralgia was the most frequent
presenting symptom (44%) followed by fever (39%). Along the disease course; alopecia was the
most common clinical manifestation (76.1%), followed by constitutional symptoms (75.9%), and
nephritis (65.7%). Three hundred and five patients encountered organ damage (SDI >1); kidney damage
was the most frequent (32%), followed by cardiovascular damage (24.3%). Neutropenia,
hypocomplementemia, arthritis, hypertension, longer disease duration, and higher disease activity
were found to be independent risk factors for disease damage.

Conclusions:
There are some diversities and similarities in our findings compared to the previously
reported data. Arthritis is the most common presenting symptom, while alopecia is the most frequent
clinical finding, and a higher prevalence of nephritis was reported. Renal damage is the most
frequent outcome.
Adaptive Elements in Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatment Systems: Systematic Review
Authors: Mukhiya Suresh Kumar , Wake Jo Dugstad , Inal Yavuz , Pun Ka I , Lamo Yngve 
Published: November 2020

Background
Internet-delivered psychological treatments (IDPTs) are built on evidence-based psychological treatment models, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, and are adjusted for internet use. The use of internet technologies has the potential to increase access to evidence-based mental health services for a larger proportion of the population with the use of fewer resources. However, despite extensive evidence that internet interventions can be effective in the treatment of mental health disorders, user adherence to such internet intervention is suboptimal.

Objective
This review aimed to (1) inspect and identify the adaptive elements of IDPT for mental health disorders, (2) examine how system adaptation influences the efficacy of IDPT on mental health treatments, (3) identify the information architecture, adaptive dimensions, and strategies for implementing these interventions for mental illness, and (4) use the findings to create a conceptual framework that provides better user adherence and adaptiveness in IDPT for mental health issues.

Methods
The review followed the guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The research databases Medline (PubMed), ACM Digital Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for studies dating from January 2000 to January 2020. Based on predetermined selection criteria, data from eligible studies were analyzed.

Results
A total of 3341 studies were initially identified based on the inclusion criteria. Following a review of the title, abstract, and full text, 31 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, most of which described attempts to tailor interventions for mental health disorders. The most common adaptive elements were feedback messages to patients from therapists and intervention content. However, how these elements contribute to the efficacy of IDPT in mental health were not reported. The most common information architecture used by studies was tunnel-based, although a number of studies did not report the choice of information architecture used. Rule-based strategies were the most common adaptive strategies used by these studies. All of the studies were broadly grouped into two adaptive dimensions based on user preferences or using performance measures, such as psychometric tests.

Conclusions
Several studies suggest that adaptive IDPT has the potential to enhance intervention outcomes and increase user adherence. There is a lack of studies reporting design elements, adaptive elements, and adaptive strategies in IDPT systems. Hence, focused research on adaptive IDPT systems and clinical trials to assess their effectiveness are needed.
Young Adults’ Perspectives on the Use of Symptom Checkers for Self-Triage and Self-Diagnosis: Qualitative Study
Authors: Aboueid Stephanie , Meyer Samantha , Wallace James R , Mahajan Shreya , Chaurasia Ashok 
Published: November 2020

Background
Young adults often browse the internet for self-triage and diagnosis. More sophisticated digital platforms such as symptom checkers have recently become pervasive; however, little is known about their use.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand young adults’ (18-34 years old) perspectives on the use of the Google search engine versus a symptom checker, as well as to identify the barriers and enablers for using a symptom checker for self-triage and self-diagnosis.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive case study research design was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 24 young adults enrolled in a university in Ontario, Canada. All participants were given a clinical vignette and were asked to use a symptom checker (WebMD Symptom Checker or Babylon Health) while thinking out loud, and were asked questions regarding their experience. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and imported into the NVivo software program. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted independently by two researchers.

Results
Using the Google search engine was perceived to be faster and more customizable (ie, ability to enter symptoms freely in the search engine) than a symptom checker; however, a symptom checker was perceived to be useful for a more personalized assessment. After having used a symptom checker, most of the participants believed that the platform needed improvement in the areas of accuracy, security and privacy, and medical jargon used. Given these limitations, most participants believed that symptom checkers could be more useful for self-triage than for self-diagnosis. Interestingly, more than half of the participants were not aware of symptom checkers prior to this study and most believed that this lack of awareness about the existence of symptom checkers hindered their use.

Conclusions
Awareness related to the existence of symptom checkers and their integration into the health care system are required to maximize benefits related to these platforms. Addressing the barriers identified in this study is likely to increase the acceptance and use of symptom checkers by young adults.
THE INFLUENCES OF NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S YOUNG GOODMAN BROWN ON BUDI DARMA’S BAMBANG SUBALI BUDIMAN: A COMPARATIVE LITERATURE
Authors: Wahyuningsih Mirotin Eka 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to observe the influence of “Young Goodman Brown” on “Bambang Subali Budiman” applying Comparative Literature Study. The theme of Hypocrisy as the result of the journey of looking for evil inside is the universal values in both works. Although those works have similarities, some elements are different. Furthermore, the differences demonstrate the originality of “Bambang Subali Budiman” as influenced work. The study of Comparative Literature eliminates the gap between Western and Eastern literary works under the coverage of World Literature. Keywords: Comparative Literature, World Literature, Influence relation, Originality
Struktur dan Fungsi Sosial dalam Ungkapan Larangan Melaut dan Bertani di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Utami Intan Sri , Zulfadhli Zulfadhli 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe the social structure and function of people's beliefs, expressions of the prohibition of livelihoods and social relations about fishing and farming in the Kanagarian Kapuh Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Regency. This type of research is a qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data of this study are the people's belief in expressions of prohibition of livelihoods and social relations between going to sea and farming in the Kanagarian Kapuh Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Data is collected from informants through recording techniques of prohibition, recording, observation, and interview. Based on the results of research and discussion that has been done it can be concluded that; (1) The structure of popular belief expressions prohibition is divided into two, namely the structure of two parts and the structure of three parts; (2) The social function of popular belief expressions prohibition is divided into four parts, namely, functioning as a thickening of religious emotions, functioning as a projection system, functioning as prohibiting, and functioning as educating.
Berger, J. y Mohr, J. (2018). Un séptimo hombre. Imágenes y palabras sobre la experiencia de los trabajadores emigrantes en Europa
Authors: Margueliche Juan Cruz 
Published: November 2020

Reseña de Berger, J. y Mohr, J. (2018). Un séptimo hombre. Imágenes y palabras sobre la experiencia de los trabajadores emigrantes en Europa
INTEGRAL SOLUTIONS OF NON-HOMOGENEOUS QUINTIC EQUATION WITH FIVE UNKNOWNS 3(x^4-y^4)=26(z^2-w^2)p^3
Authors: Gopalan M.A. , Krithika V. , VijayaSankar A. 
Published: November 2020

The non-homogeneous quantic equation with five unknowns represented by 3(x^4-y^4)=26(z^2-w^2)p^3 is analyzed for its non-zero distinct integral solutions. A few interesting relations among the solutions are exhibited.
KAJIAN TENTANG PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA SEKOLAH RAMAH ANAK UNTUK SISWA KELAS V
Authors: Saadah Laelatus , Setiyoko Didik Tri , Mumpuni Atikah 
Published: November 2020

Pendidikan karakter merupakan pendidikan yang harus diterapkan pada anak sedini mungkin untuk mencegah adanya perilaku menyimpang seperti Bullying, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah pola pembelajaran pendidikan karakter agar anak terhindar dari kasus bullying dan faktor pendukung pola pembelajaran pendidikan karakter agar anak terhindar dari bullying pada program sekolah ramah anak. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan yang di gunakan yaitu pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa pola pembelajaran pendidikan karakter agar anak terhindar dari kasus Bullying yaitu dengan cara melakukan pembiasaan positif. Faktor pendukung di SD Negeri Klampok 01 terhadap keberhasilan sekolah yaitu sikap keteladanan yang diterapkan oleh seluruh tenaga pendidik terutama kepala sekolah tentang pembiasaan yang baik dalam sekolah yang harus di dukung oleh seluruh perangkat sekolah, baik bapak/ibu guru, kepala sekolah, staf maupun penjaga sekolah. Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola pendidikan karakter dan faktor pendukung agar anak terhindar dari kasus Bullying yaitu dengan cara pembiasaan yang positif dan keteladanan yang harus diterapkan oleh seluruh warga sekolah. Dalam hal ini peranan guru dalam mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran Pendidikan karakter harus di dukung oleh semua warga, baik warga sekolah maupun warga masyarakat.
THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR
Authors: Bubyreva G. 
Published: November 2020

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.
The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].
INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTICS ON INTESTINAL MICROBIOCENOSIS OF BROILER CHICKEN
Authors: Orlova T. 
Published: November 2020

The results of research aimed at studying the effect of the probiotic preparation "Propionic" on the quantitative and qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiocenosis of broiler chickens are presented. The probiotic microflora is represented by a multi-strain culture of propionic acid bacteria of the species Propionibacterium freudenreichii spp., which are strong antagonists relative to conditional-pathogenic and pathogenic microflora. This preparation has a liquid form, so the probiotic microorganisms included in its composition are in an active state and begin to act immediately after the probiotic enters the bird's organism, thereby increasing the effectiveness of its effect on its own microflora of the gastrointestinal tract. The object of research in our work was broiler chickens aged from 30 to 40 days. To conduct the experiment using the method of analog groups, control and experimental groups of 10 heads each were formed. The duration of the experiment was 10 days. During the entire experiment, the chickens of both groups received identical full-fledged compound feeds corresponding in composition and nutritional value to their age. The difference between the groups was that the poultry of the experimental group additionally received a probiotic as part of the diet, the daily dose of which was 3.9 ml per head. After 10 days, the litter was collected from each bird, which was later subjected to bacteriological analysis. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that the use of the preparation "Propionic" in the experimental group had a stimulating effect on the number of lacto- and bifidobacteria and simultaneously reduced the content of Escherichia coli spp. and Clostridium spp. in the large intestine, thereby helping to maintain the balance of microflora in the norm.
Responsibilities of the Marketing Authorisation Holders in Respect of GMP Compliance (Review)
Authors: Meshkovskiy A. P. , Pyatigorskaya N. V. , Aladysheva Z. I. , Beregovykh V. V. , Pyatigorskiy A. M. , Nikolenko N. S. , Marshalova M. M. , Belyaev V. V. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article is focused on differences in quality assurance-related obligations and responsibilities between Marketing Authorisation Holders (MAHs) and manufacturing authorisation holder (manufacturers) in pharmaceutical industry. In case of outsourcing and technical agreements there is a need to differentiate responsibilities related to quality assurance between the above mentioned categories.Text. The guidelines for the pharmaceutical sector of the European Union (EU) provide guidance on the responsibilities of the MAHs in relation to the GMP rules, which are scattered throughout the various chapters of the GMP and its appendices. In addition, certain provisions on this topic are contained in the EU directives. With this in mind the European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued in January 2020 a draft Reflection paper on Good manufacturing practice and Marketing Authorisation Holders. The draft clarifies that while certain activities of an MAH may be delegated to the manufacturer, MAH retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of a medicinal product, its safety, quality and efficacy. The important obligation of MAH in this context is to facilitate GMP compliance by establishing a robust two-way communication system with national competent authorities, manufacturing sites, Qualified Persons (QPs) certifying batches before release, and other interested parties. The MAH ought to communicate to manufacturing personnel, normally through QPs, production processes and related quality control procedures, including subsequent variations, described in registration dossiers.Conclusion. A general one conclusion: in view of rapid developments in the EU GMP Guide, the Eurasian Economic Union GMP requirements ought to be updated. In respect of specific responsibilities of MAH pertaining to GMP compliance the EMA draft Reflection paper merits attention as a guidance regarding separation of obligations and responsibilities between MAH and personnel of manufacturing sights.
Study of Biologically Active Solid-phase Systems Based on Halogen-substituted Nitrobenzofuroxans by the IR Spectroscopy Method
Authors: Khuziakhmetova A. N. , Gorelova E. G. , Yusupova L. M. , Kurmaeva A. A. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Biologically active compounds 4,6-dinitro-5,7-dichlorobenzofuroxan (4,6-DNDHBFO) and 5-nitro-4,6-dichlorobenzofuroxan (5-NDHBFO) effectively in-hibit ultra-resistant microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, pathogenic fungi – Aspergillius niger, Coniophora cerebella, Candida albicanas and other microor-ganisms. Mixed systems based on 4,6-DNDHBFO and 5-NDHBFO exhibit high potentiated synergistic activity against Aspergillius niger. Currently, there are no full-fledged studies about the mechanism of synergism of 5-NDHBFO and 4,6-DNDHBFO in a solidphase system. The results of the study of solid-phase sys-tems 5-NDHBFO – 4,6-DNDHBFO by IR spectroscopy will make it possible to establish the nature of the interaction between the components of the binary mix-ture.Aim. Experimental study of the intermolecular interaction of 5-NDHBFO with 4,6-DNDHBFO by the IR spectroscopy method.Materials and methods. The intermolecular interaction of 5-NDHBFO with 4,6-DNDHBFO at different ratios in a solid-phase system was studied by the IR spectroscopy method.Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, the physico-chemical interaction of 5-NDHBPO with 4,6-DNDHBFO in solid-phase systems was revealed. Shifts and changes in the intensities of the characteristic frequencies of functional groups involved in the formation of intermolecular bonds between 5-NDHBPO and 4,6-DNDHBPO were revealed.Conclusion. The nature of the interaction between 4,6-DNDHBFO and 5-NDHBFO in the solid-phase system was established, leading to the appearance of a synergy effect. The interaction of 5-NDHBFO with 4,6-DNDHBFO in a bi-nary system is due to the formation of an intermolecular hydrogen bond. The in-teraction involves the proton of the 5-NDHBFO molecule, the oxygen of the fu-roxan ring of 4,6-DNDHBFO, as well as the halogen atom of 4,6-DNDHBFO at an equimolar ratio of the components of the solid-phase system.
Development of Radiopharmaceutical Composition for Radionuclide Diagnostics of Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Klementyeva O. E. , Bruskin A. B. , Lunyova K. A. , Bubenshchikov V. B. , Ternovskaya K. E. , Lunev A. S. , Kodina G. E. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Skin cancers came first in Russia in numbers of oncological diseases. Melanoma, making up only a small part of these cases, leads to the most serious consequences. The nuclear medicine methods application is necessary at the stages of clarifying the diagnosis, searching for remote metastases and the treatment monitoring. The work is devoted to one of the stages of the radiopharmaceutical development for the diagnostics of malignant melanoma and its metastases based on the synthetic analog of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (SAH) and radionuclide Tc-99m.Aim. The selection of optimal conditions for the preparation of the SAH ∙ 99mTc complex and the study of the using possibility it as a diagnostic tool in in vitro experiments.Materials and methods. Experimental work was carried out to optimize the conditions for obtaining the complex compound SAH ∙ 99mTc. The binding and internalization of this compound by B16-F0 melanoma cells has been studied.Results and discussion. The results of labeling SAH with a 99mTc radionuclide under a wide range of conditions were obtained both by the direct method and using the intermediate complex. The target compound rapidly binds to B16-F0 melanoma cells. The degree of internalization is more than 85 %.Conclusion. Based on the results of chemical experiments and data from in vitro experiments, optimal conditions for obtaining a complex compound SAH ∙ 99mTc with a radiochemical yield of more than 90 % were found. The mechanism of binding of this compound to malignant melanoma cells has been established.