bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dual‐Mode Anode‐Free Zinc‐Prussian Blue Electrochromic Device
Authors: Huang Bingkun , Wang Bin , Zhao Feifei , Li Haizeng , Yu William W. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConventional Prussian blue (PB)‐based electrochromic devices (ECDs) suffer from a narrow light modulation range due to their single absorption band. Herein, an anode‐free Zn‐PB electrochromic device is reported, utilizing a platinum (Pt) layer‐modified ITO glass (denoted as Pt/ITO glass) counter electrode with a hybrid electrolyte containing propylene carbonate (PC). This device compensated for the charge released or consumed during the bleaching/coloring process of the PB electrode (i.e., ion‐insertion/extraction) through a reversible Zn electrodeposition occurring on the surface of the Pt/ITO glass. The Pt layer ensured a uniformly distributed electric field across the electrode surface, leading to uniform Zn deposition. Concurrently, PC molecules modified the solvation structures of ions, engendering uniform Zn deposition and suppressing the “ion trapping” effect of PB. Meanwhile, PC suppressed water activity by changing the H‐bonding network of electrolytes, thereby limiting the formation of by‐products, the occurrence of side reactions, and the destruction of the PB structure. As a result, the optimized anode‐free Zn‐PB ECDs demonstrated high transmittance modulation ability (60.3% at 700 nm) and exceptional cycling durability (71.7% capacity retention and 69.1% of its initial ΔT after 1000 cycles). Finally, a dual‐mode electrochromic device is developed with five color states to expand the light modulation range.
Boosting Electrochemical Urea Synthesis via Cooperative Electroreduction Through the Parallel Reduction
Authors: Zhang Yalan , Hu Jie , Zhou Huike , Zhang Yingpeng , Yu Zebin , Wei Qiang , Xiong Wenrong , Chen Lijun , Yu Zhifei , Yang Jiahao , Liu Wei , Du Hu , Xu Jinying , Chi Sunlin , Wang Aiying , Xie Xianchuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite recent achievements in the co‐reduction electrosynthesis of urea from nitrogen wastes and CO2, the selectivity and yield of the products remain fairly average because of the competition of the NITRR, CO2RR, and HER. Here, a strategy involving FeNC catalysts disperse with oxygen‐vacancy‐rich CeO2 (FeNC‐Ce) is illustrated, in which the reversible hydrogenation of defects, and bimetallic catalytic centers enable spontaneous switching between the reduction paths of NO3− and CO2. The FeNC‐Ce electrocatalyst exhibits an extremely high urea yield and Faraday efficiency (FE) of 20969.2 µg mg−1 h−1 and 89.3%, respectively, which is highly superior to most reported values (maximum urea yield of 200–2300 µg mg−1 h−1, FEmax of 11.5%–83.4%). The study findings, rationalize by in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, are rooted in the evolution of dynamic NITRR and CO2RR co‐reduction involving protons, alleviating the overwhelming single‐system reduction of reactants and thereby minimizing the formation of by‐products.
Minimizing Interfacial Energy Losses with Carbon Dot Bifacial Modification Layers for High‐Efficiency and Stable Perovskite LEDs
Authors: Wang Zhibin , Zheng Song , Jiang Naizhong , Huang Hailiang , Wu Ximing , Zhang Ruidan , Lin Yang , Lin Longqi , Zhou Xin , Zeng Rui , Pang Tao , Wu Tianmin , Huang Feng , Chen Daqin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPerovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have reached near‐unity photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs), but further improvements in electroluminescent efficiency are constrained by interfacial energy losses between the emissive layer and charge transport layers. In this study, multifunctional carbon dot organic frameworks (CDOFs) are introduced as a dual‐interface modification material for perovskite layer. This approach effectively passivates both the upper and buried interfaces, boosting the PLQY to nearly 100% and enabling an external quantum efficiency of 28.0%. The CDOFs also facilitate balanced charge injection, achieving a low turn‐on voltage of only 1.9 V, significantly below the bandgap voltage. Additionally, the exceptional defect passivation imparted by CDOFs significantly bolsters structural stability, achieving a T50 operational lifetime of 81.7 min at an initial ultrahigh luminance of 10 000 cd m−2, with no detectable Joule heating. This study underscores the potential of CDOFs in significantly advancing PeLED performance.
An Air‐Stable MXene Bio‐Interfacing Thin Film Electrode
Authors: Xiong Wei , Song Dekui , Li Aolin , Wang Tongzhu , Shi Xiaohu , Zhao Zihan , Li Xinyang , Liu Zilong , Liang Wenxuan , Ouyang Fangping , Liu Nan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMXene exhibits an excellent ion‐electron dual conduction mechanism, making it a promising candidate for bio‐interfacing electrodes. However, the exposed Ti atoms on MXene flakes are prone to oxidation in air, leading to serious degradation which impedes its application as bioelectronic materials. Herein, a new MXene thin film protected by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (namely rGM), resulting in an air‐stable MXene bio‐interfacing thin film electrode with high charge transfer capability is reported. The protective layer rGO effectively shields the conductive layer MXene from air oxidation, thereby significantly enhancing the air stability. After 40 days in the air (25 °C, 40% RH), the sheet resistance of rGM thin film (135.9 ± 2.3 to 312.6 ± 4.5 Ω sq−1) exhibits negligible increase compared to pure MXene thin film (145.0 ± 2.3 to 2,152.8 ± 6.8 Ω sq−1). A built‐in electric field (BIEF) is generated by the redistribution of charges at the rGO@MXene heterojunction interface, which enhances the charge transfer efficiency and helps reduce the interfacial impedance between the electrodes and biological tissues. Together with its thin film characteristic, rGM is applicable for advanced automatic external defibrillator (AED) electrodes, which is essential for advancing emergency treatment research related to cardiac arrest.
Vertically Arrayed Co4N/MoN Nanosheets for Robust Alkaline Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution at Ampere‐Level Current Density
Authors: Li Can , Wang Ningning , Wang Shuo , Li Chenyang , Fan Wenjun , Liu Taifeng , Chen Shanshan , Zhang Fuxiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal nitride electrocatalysts have been extensively developed for efficient alkaline water splitting, but it still remains a huge challenge in improving their stability especially at high current density of over 500 mA cm−2. Herein the Co4N/MoN electrocatalyst with hierarchical nanoparticle‐assembled nanosheet arrays is fabricated by a facile electrodeposition‐nitridation method for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Results show that it exhibits an impressively low overpotential of 238 mV and high durability at 1.0 A cm−2 for over 100 h, which is the best among the reported cobalt‐based nitride electrocatalysts with both excellent HER activity and robust stability at ampere‐level current density. The superior intrinsic HER activity is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect of Co4N and MoN, which can effectively reduce the H2O dissociation energy barrier and accelerate the alkaline HER kinetics. Moreover, benefiting from the vertically arrayed nanosheet structure with a solid framework and excellent mechanical strength, robust water electrolysis even at ampere‐level current density can be achieved. This work provides an alternative way to develop metal nitride electrocatalysts via fabricating hierarchical heterostructure for efficient and stable industrial water splitting.
In Situ Reconstruction and Anion Blocking Interphase Strategy for High‐Performance Silicon‐Based Anodes in Liquid and Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Tian Kun , Zhang Wan , Zeng Jin , Gao Yuanhao , Guang Xu , Luo Hao , Lu Mi , Li Xiaodan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe silicon (Si) is one of the most promising anodes for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries, but addressing the interfacial side reactions caused by volume expansion remains a key challenge. In this study, a composite of nano‐Si with covered and interstitial LaF3 (Si@LaF3) is synthesized via a low‐cost and scaleable ball milling process. Upon lithiation, the LaF3 layer on the nano‐Si surface in situ reconstructs into an interface containing LiF and La. The LiF interface promotes the uniform formation of LiF‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and La grains can block the penetration of electrolyte anions into an electrode, inducing the stable and thin SEI on the Si@LaF3 anode. Additionally, the interstitial LaF3 particles facilitate the migration of Li+ into Si and reduce local expansion stress in the Si anode by alleviated electrochemical sintering. Compared to micron‐ and nano‐Si anodes, the Si@LaF3 anode demonstrates higher specific capacity and superior cycling stability. The Si@LaF3||‐LiFePO4 full battery retains a specific capacity of 125.1 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.35 C, while the Si@LaF3/graphite anode in all‐solid‐state battery maintains a capacity of 491 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1. This study provides new insights on the commercialization of Si‐based anodes and solid‐state batteries.
Emerging Photothermal Materials from Lignin and Coal for Solar Vapor Generation
Authors: Li Zhan‐Ku , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Yan Hong‐Lei , Li An , Lei Zhi‐Ping , Ren Shi‐Biao , Wang Zhi‐Cai , Shui Heng‐Fu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolar vapor generation (SVG) garners significant attention as a technology for producing clean water owing to its high efficiency and zero carbon emissions. However, the widespread adoption of SVG is constrained by the high cost, low mechanical strength, and complex fabrication processes of current photothermal materials. Lignin and coal, abundant in aromatic rings, C═O bonds, and quinone structures, present natural advantages for enhancing light absorption and improving the mechanical properties of photothermal materials. This review begins with an overview of the fundamentals of SVG and strategies aimed at promoting its efficiency. It then delves into the structural characteristics and photothermal conversion mechanisms of lignin and coal, highlighting their unique contributions to the field. Further, the latest advancements in the application of lignin/coal‐based photothermal materials for SVG are comprehensively summarized. This work not only lays a systematic and scientific foundation for the development of next‐generation photothermal materials but also underscores the potential for value‐added utilization of lignin and coal, thereby contributing to sustainable resource management.
AI‐Enabled Adaptive Eutectogel Skin for Effective Motion Monitoring with Low Signal Artifacts
Authors: Jin Yexi , Wang Ruolin , Tang Dahong , Qian Yuhang , Zhou Xingwen , Shen Hao , Zhang Jing , Liu Yizhu , Wang Nan , Cheng Baijie , Chen Liguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInterfacial gel compliance is essential for the stable monitoring of physiological electrical signals. Current gel materials often fail to maintain stable operation at the skin interface, which is subject to constant change, due to an inadequate balance of viscoelastic properties. In this study, a dynamic adaptive gel network involving metal coordination with hierarchical hydrogen bonding is developed. The multilayered supramolecular structure has enabled the polymer chains to generate new physical entanglements upon dissociation. This dynamic cross‐linking allows the eutectogel to sustain stable viscosity and elasticity across a broad frequency range (10−7–340 Hz). Furthermore, the metal‐based eutectogel exhibits enhanced stretchability (1800%), good electrical conductivity (125 mS m−1), a wide operating temperature range (−70–100 °C), and strong interfacial adhesion. This adaptive eutectogel offers superior stability in the acquisition of electrical signals when compared with standard commercial gels. Viable application of the resultant strain sensors is demonstrated in human–machine interaction (HMI) and virtual reality (VR) haptic interaction. In addition, a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is employed to develop an intelligent system for evaluating motion states using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals, achieving an accuracy of 94.1%.
Dielectric Fano Nanoantennas for Enabling Sub‐Nanosecond Lifetimes in NV‐Based Single Photon Emitters
Authors: An Shu , Kalashnikov Dmitry , Shi Wenqiao , Mahfoud Zackaria , Chew Ah Bian , Liu Yan , Wu Jing , Zhu Di , Gao Weibo , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Leong Victor , Dong Zhaogang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolid‐state quantum emitters are essential sources of single photons, and enhancing their emission rates is of paramount importance for applications in quantum communications, computing, and metrology. One approach is to couple quantum emitters with resonant photonic nanostructures, where the emission rate is enhanced due to the Purcell effect. Dielectric nanoantennas are promising as they provide strong emission enhancement compared to plasmonic ones, which suffer from high Ohmic loss. Here, a dielectric Fano resonator is designed and fabricated based on a pair of silicon (Si) ellipses and a disk, which supports the mode hybridization between quasi‐bound‐states‐in‐the‐continuum (quasi‐BIC) and Mie resonance. The performance of the developed resonant system is demonstrated by interfacing it with single photon emitters (SPEs) based on nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs). It is observed that the interfaced emitters have a Purcell enhancement factor of ≈10, with sub‐ns emission lifetime and a polarization contrast of 9. The results indicate a promising method for developing efficient and compact single‐photon sources for integrated quantum photonics applications.
Special Rubber with Excellent Mechanical Strength, Environmental Stability, and Electrical Conductivity for Accordion‐Structured High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Gao Wei , Pan Wenyu , Gao Xuehan , Xie Ting , Ou Fangyan , Ning Chuang , Fu Ziming , Wang Fuqi , Gan Tiantian , Qin Zhiyong , Wei Zengxi , Sun Qian , Li Zequan , Xu Chuanhui , Zhao Shuangliang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are an emerging energy‐harvesting technology capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, triboelectric layers, crucial components of TENGs, are susceptible to mechanical and structural damage in harsh environments, thereby compromising the device's output performance and limiting its applicability. Therefore, developing triboelectric layers with excellent mechanical strength and environmental stability poses a challenge. Inspired by the intricate multiple cross‐linking networks present in myofibrillar proteins, a strategy of multiple cross‐linking is proposed to prepare conductive special rubbers with outstanding mechanical strength (13.5 MPa), environmental stability, and electrical conductivity (0.86 S m−1) using a “grafting–hydrogenation–cross‐linking–filling” process. The multiple cross‐linking networks considerably enhanced the rubber's strength by 100 times (0.3–30.3 MPa). Subsequently, these special rubbers are employed as triboelectric layers in accordion‐structured TENGs, which demonstrated exceptional electrical output performance with an open‐circuit voltage of 723 V and a power density of up to 3.25 W m−2. TENGs can operate stably in a wide range of harsh environments. This study provides a viable strategy for designing TENGs capable of functioning in harsh environments, thereby contributing to sustainable energy solutions.
Ultrafast Highly Sensitive Self‐Powered MSIM Photodetector Based on Organic Semiconductor/Dielectric Interfaces for Broadband Visible to Near‐Infrared Communication
Authors: Singh Suryakant , Suthar Rakesh , Tomimatsu Akihiro , Rani Pooja , Matsushita Michio M. , Awaga Kunio , Karak Supravat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe growing importance of high‐speed and energy‐efficient photodetectors in broadband communication has sparked widespread interest in organic materials owing to their tunable optical characteristics and ease of production. However, this Schottky‐type organic photodetector (OPD) has low detectivity and a high dark current, requiring additional voltage biasing. Herein, the development of a highly sensitive self‐powered OPD with metal‐semiconductor‐insulator‐metal (MSIM) structure (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Organic photoactive layer/dielectric/silver) is presented, using polymer PM6, acceptor Y6, and its blend with parylene as a dielectric layer for broadband spectral detection spanning the visible to near‐infrared (NIR) range at high speeds. Such a new class of devices can produce fast transient photocurrent signals with opposite polarity both under light ON/OFF cycles in response to pulsed optical stimuli, which makes the signals inherently more distinguishable. The detailed transient photocurrent measurements are performed for fabricated MSIM OPD with different illumination conditions at various operational frequencies, and the PM6:Y6‐based devices are found to be most sensitive compared to the single‐component devices due to increased charge generation and accumulation without voltage biasing. Further, the faster response time (≈nanosecond) of both the positive and negative peaks with a remarkably high cutoff frequency of 5.6 MHz outperformed most of the state‐of‐the‐art OPD. The extraordinary performance of the MSIM photodetector demonstrated by the real‐time NIR communication of various ASCII codes suggests its potential for infrared communication. The tunable polarity of the signal offers a novel platform for next‐generation transient‐type MSIM photodetectors, enhancing their detectivity and response time without the need for additional biasing across a wide range of applications.
Understanding and Optimizing Li Substitution in P2‐Type Sodium Layered Oxides for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Mingfeng , Gammaitoni Giovanni , Häfner Michael , Villalobos‐Portillo Eduardo , Marini Carlo , Bianchini Matteo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the quest to improve cathode materials for Na‐ion batteries, a family of Li‐substituted P2 layered oxides with nominal stoichiometry Na5/6LiyNi5/12‐3y/2Mn7/12+y/2O2 (y = 2/18, 3/18, 4/18, 5/18) is studied. The consequences of Li substitution and the challenge of elevating the Na content are explored. Structurally, honeycomb ordering is observed in all samples, while Li induces the loss of Na+/vacancy ordering. Electrochemically, the materials exhibit an increasing trend of polarized hysteresis in the 1st cycle. Semi‐simultaneous operando x‐ray absorption and diffraction are coupled to appreciate the structural evolution and redox behavior during this process. Li in the transition metal site eliminates phase transitions at high voltage and modifies the activation of O‐redox. All samples show anionic redox: as confirmed computationally, in the Li‐free sample this is rooted in Ni─O hybridized states, while in the Li‐containing samples in O non‐bonding states. Composition Na0.745(6)Li0.164(4)Ni0.238(1)Mn0.599(3)O2 proves to have the least O‐redox among all, coupled with reduced phase transitions, disordered occupancy of Na sites, and small volume change during cycling, leading to the best balance of cycling stability (≈92% after 100 cycles), capacity (> 100 mAh g−1) and rate capability. This can pave the way for further development of P2 layered oxides with redox‐inactive dopants.
Photonic Nanopigments for Versatile and Scalable Coloration
Authors: Zhang Wenzhen , Wang Yunpeng , Liu Lei , Gao Yanzi , Tang Bingtao , Yao Yuyuan , Wang Wentao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractStructural colorants for ecological fabric dyeing are typically microscale colloidal arrays involving complex and time‐consuming self‐assembly, it remains a challenge to perform efficient and large‐scale double‐sided dyeing on disordered fabric surfaces without sacrificing wearing experience. Innovatively, A photonic nanopigment, composed of hollow silica nanospheres with disordered metasurfaces and high surface‐charge is designed to overcome the aforementioned challenge. They individually generate non‐iridescent structural colors without self‐assembly and disperse uniformly in water. By a one‐step dip‐dyeing strategy, the photonic nanopigments are quickly and selectively deposited onto the yarn surface of fabrics, achieving high‐quality double‐sided structural coloration. Meanwhile, constructing a hydrogen bond crosslinking network between the fabric and nanospheres by adhesive and tannic acid greatly enhances colorfastness. Furthermore, the fabrics retain inherent softness and excellent breathability, as nanoscale pigments do not clog weaving holes. Such photonic nanopigments provide a versatile platform for industrial structural coloration of various fabrics with different surface roughness and weaving structures.
Remodeling Tumor Metabolism via Self‐Amplifying Energy‐Depleting Nanocomplexes for Effective Photodynamic‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Yu Liu , Li Wen , Cao Jiahui , Miao Rourou , Fu Yiqiu , Wang Xinyi , Xie Juntao , Zhang Wen , Mao Zhuo , Zhang Hanjie , Zhang Yushi , Ou Meitong , Mei Lin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe abnormal metabolism of tumor cells fulfills their high energy demands for rapid growth while simultaneously reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME), which suppresses immune cell function and facilitates immune evasion. Herein, a peptide‐based nanocomplex (DCK@siGLUT1) that synergizes with photodynamic therapy (PDT) to disrupt tumor cell energy metabolism is developed. DCK@siGLUT1, utilizing a mitochondria‐targeting peptide (dKLA) selectively accumulates in mitochondria, where it impairs mitochondrial membrane integrity, disrupts energy metabolism, and induces apoptosis. Upon apoptosis, activated caspase‐3 (Casp3) cleaves DCK@siGLUT1, releasing siGLUT1 to silence glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression, which further inhibits glucose uptake and intensifies metabolic collapse, thereby amplifying apoptotic effects. Moreover, Ce6, conjugated to dKLA, is co‐delivered to the mitochondria and, upon light activation, exacerbates mitochondrial damage and metabolic disruption. These combined mechanisms intensify oxidative stress and apoptosis, further activate Casp3, and promote DCK@siGLUT1 cleavage, thereby driving a self‐amplifying tumoricidal cascade. Furthermore, DCK@siGLUT1 effectively induces immunogenic cell death (ICD), triggers antitumor immune responses, and inhibits both primary and distant tumor growth and metastasis. This strategy offers a novel approach for targeting tumor energy metabolism in antitumor immunotherapy.
Utilizing Molybdenum to Tailor the Electronic Structure of Iron Through Electron Complementary Effect for Promoting Oxygen Reduction Activity
Authors: Jiang Jie , Tong Miaomiao , Shen Di , Liang Zhijian , Li Ziyun , Duan Guirong , Wang Lei , Fu Honggang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTailoring the electronic structure of later transition metal‐based electrocatalysts by incorporating early transition metal based on the electronic complementary effect is anticipated to enhance the electrocatalytic activity. Herein, the modulation of the electronic structure of Fe3C through the utilization of Mo2C to promote oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity is reported. In situ characterizations combined with theoretical calculations reveal that the electron‐donating capability of molybdenum in Mo2C to the active center of iron in Fe3C optimizes the adsorption and activation of oxygen. Concurrently, the d‐band center of Fe is much closer to the Fermi level, which reduces the energy barrier for the rate‐determining step (*OOH → *O), thereby enhancing the ORR activity. In alkaline media, the catalyst delivers a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.89 V and maintains its efficiency with a mere 8 mV decay after 10 000 cycles, surpassing that of Pt/C. Moreover, it can serve as an air cathode in both liquid‐state and all‐solid‐state zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) and shows promising applications in portable devices. This work brings an innovative design concept for highly efficient electrocatalysts suitable for advanced energy devices.