bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case-based reasoning recommender system for sustainable smart city development
Authors: Anthony Jnr Bokolo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the deployment of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the needs of data and information sharing within cities, smart city aims to provide value-added services to improve citizens’ quality of life. But, currently city planners/developers are faced with inadequate contextual information on the dimensions of smart city required to achieve a sustainable society. Therefore, in achieving sustainable society, there is need for stakeholders to make strategic decisions on how to implement smart city initiatives. Besides, it is required to specify the smart city dimensions to be adopted in making cities smarter for sustainability attainment. But, only a few methods such as big data, internet of things, cloud computing, etc. have been employed to support smart city attainment. Thus, this study integrates case-based reasoning (CBR) as an artificial intelligence technique to develop a recommender system towards promoting smart city planning. CBR provides suggestions on smart city dimensions to be adopted by city planners/decision-makers in making cities smarter and sustainable. Accordingly, survey data were collected from 115 respondents to evaluate the applicability of the implemented CBR recommender system in relation to how the system provides best practice recommendations and retaining of smart city initiatives. Results from descriptive and exploratory factor analyses suggest that the developed system is applicable in supporting smart city adoption. Besides, findings from this study are expected to provide valuable insights for practitioners to develop more practical strategies and for researchers to better understand smart city dimensions.
Hazardous Postoperative Outcomes of Unexpected COVID‐19 Infected Patients: A Call for Global Consideration of Sampling all Asymptomatic Patients Before Surgical Treatment
Authors: Nahshon Chen , Bitterman Arie , Haddad Riad , Hazzan David , Lavie Ofer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn December 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of many pneumonia cases in China and eventually declared as a pandemic as the virus spread globally. Few reports were published on the outcome of surgical procedures in diagnosed COVID‐19 patients and even fewer on the surgical outcomes of asymptomatic undiagnosed COVID‐19 surgical patients. We aimed to review all published data regarding surgical outcomes of preoperatively asymptomatic untested coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients.MethodsThis report is a review on the perioperative period in COVID‐19 patients who were preoperatively asymptomatic and not tested for COVID‐19. Searches were conducted in PubMed April 4th, 2020. All publications, of any design, were considered for inclusion.ResultsFour reports were identified through our literature search, comprising 64 COVID‐19 carriers, of them 51 were diagnosed only in the postoperative period. Synthesis of these reports, concerning the postoperative outcomes of patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 during the perioperative period, suggested a 14/51 (27.5%) postoperative mortality rate and severe mostly pulmonic complications, as well as medical staff exposure and transmission.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 may have potential hazardous implications on the perioperative course. Our review presents results of unacceptable mortality rate and a high rate of severe complications. These observations warrant further well‐designed studies, yet we believe it is time for a global consideration of sampling all asymptomatic patients before surgical treatment.
Neurogeriatrics—a vision for improved care and research for geriatric patients with predominating neurological disabilities
Authors: Jacobs Andreas H. , Emmert Kirsten , Baron Ralf , Bartsch Thorsten , Bauer Juergen , Becker Clemens , Berg Daniela , Bergmann Philipp , Boetzel Kai , Bollheimer Cornelius , Deuschl Guenther , Djukic Marija , Drey Michael , Durwen Herbert , Ebersbach Georg , Elshehabi Morad , Geritz Johanna , Gisinger Christoph , Guennewig Thomas , Hauptmann Bjoern , Heppner Hans-Juergen , Hobert Markus A. , Hofmann Werner , Huellemann Philipp , Jahn Klaus , Klucken Jochen , Kurth Roland , Lindner Reinhard , Lingor Paul , Lukas Albert , Maetzold Sara , Mokrusch Thomas , Mollenhauer Brit , Nau Roland , Plate Annika , Polidori Maria Cristina , Prell Tino , Schellinger Peter , Spira Dominik , Stephani Ulrich , Studt Simone , Trenkwalder Claudia , Unger Heinz L. , Urban Peter , von Arnim Christine A. F. , Warnecke Tobias , Weiss Michael , Wiedemann Andreas , Wirth Rainer , Witt Karsten , Dodel Richard , Maetzler Walter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGeriatric medicine is a rapidly evolving field that addresses diagnostic, therapeutic and care aspects of older adults. Some disabilities and disorders affecting cognition (e.g. dementia), motor function (e.g. stroke, Parkinson’s disease, neuropathies), mood (e.g. depression), behavior (e.g. delirium) and chronic pain disorders are particularly frequent in old subjects. As knowledge about these age-associated conditions and disabilities is steadily increasing, the integral implementation of neurogeriatric knowledge in geriatric medicine and specific neurogeriatric research is essential to develop the field. This article discusses how neurological know-how could be integrated in academic geriatric medicine to improve care of neurogeriatric patients, to foster neurogeriatric research and training concepts and to provide innovative care concepts for geriatric patients with predominant neurological conditions and disabilities.
Moderate acute alcohol use impairs intentional inhibition rather than stimulus-driven inhibition
Authors: Liu Yang , Grasman Raoul P. P. P. , Wiers Reinout W. , Ridderinkhof K. Richard , van den Wildenberg Wery P. M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractModerate alcohol intake may impair stimulus-driven inhibition of motor actions in go/no-go and stop-signal tasks. Exposure to alcohol-related cues has been found to exacerbate this impairment. By contrast, the effect of alcohol use on intentional inhibition, or the capacity to voluntarily suspend an action, has rarely been investigated. We examined whether and how moderate alcohol intake affects stimulus-driven inhibition (stop-signal task) and intentional inhibition (chasing bottles task), during exposure to alcohol-related stimuli. One hundred and eleven participants were randomly assigned to an alcohol (male: 0.55 g/kg, female: 0.45 g/kg), placebo, or control group. For the stop-signal task, ANOVAs were performed on stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) and go RT with Pharmacological and Expectancy Effects of Alcohol, Stimulus Category (alcohol-related or neutral), and Sex as factors. For the chasing bottles task, multilevel survival analysis was performed to predict whether and when intentional inhibition was initiated, with the same factors. For the stop-signal task, Sex moderated the Pharmacological Effect of Alcohol on SSRT: only for females, alcohol consumption shortened SSRT. In the non-alcohol groups, males had shorter SSRT than females. Concerning intentional inhibition, the alcohol group initiated intentional inhibition less often, especially when stimuli were non-alcohol related. These findings indicate that (1) stimulus-driven inhibition and intentional inhibition reflect different aspects of response inhibition; (2) moderate alcohol intake negatively affects intentional inhibition (but not stimulus-driven inhibition). Speculatively, the observed impairment in intentional inhibition might underlie the lack of control over alcohol drinking behavior after a priming dose. This study highlights the potential role of intentional inhibition in the development of addiction.
Rapid response in the COVID-19 pandemic: a Delphi study from the European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group
Authors:   On behalf of the European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group, Eibensteiner Fabian , Ritschl Valentin , Ariceta Gema , Jankauskiene Augustina , Klaus Günter , Paglialonga Fabio , Edefonti Alberto , Ranchin Bruno , Schmitt Claus Peter , Shroff Rukshana , Stefanidis Constantinos J. , Walle Johan Vande , Verrina Enrico , Vondrak Karel , Zurowska Aleksandra , Stamm Tanja , Aufricht Christoph 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 was declared a global health emergency. Since children are less than 1% of reported cases, there is limited information to develop evidence-based practice recommendations. The objective of this study was to rapidly gather expert knowledge and experience to guide the care of children with chronic kidney disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A four-round multi-center Delphi exercise was conducted among 13 centers in 11 European countries of the European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group (EPDWG) between March, 16th and 20th 2020. Results were analyzed using a mixed methods qualitative approach and descriptive statistics.

Results
Thirteen COVID-19 specific topics of particular need for guidance were identified. Main themes encompassed testing strategies and results (n = 4), changes in use of current therapeutics (n = 3), preventive measurements of transmission and management of COVID-19 (n = 3), and changes in standard clinical care (n = 3). Patterns of center-specific responses varied according to regulations and to availability of guidelines.

Conclusions
As limited quantitative evidence is available in real time during the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, qualitative expert knowledge and experience represent the best evidence available. This Delphi exercise demonstrates that use of mixed methodologies embedded in an established network of experts allowed prompt analysis of pediatric nephrologists’ response to COVID-19 during this fast-emerging public health crisis. Such rapid sharing of knowledge and local practices is essential to timely and optimal guidance for medical management of specific patient groups in multi-country health care systems such as those of Europe and the US.
Species determination and phylogenetic relationships of the genus Betula inferred from multiple chloroplast and nuclear regions reveal the high methyl salicylate-producing ability of the ancestor
Authors: Singewar Kiran , Moschner Christian R. , Hartung Eberhard , Fladung Matthias 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Key message
The investigation provides initial knowledge on the distribution and evolution of the high and low methyl salicylate-producing trait in the Betula genus. Mislabelled birch species could be identified and removed.

Abstract
The genus Betula is the largest group of ecologically and economically dominant perennial woody plants in subalpine forests. The taxonomy of Betula is complex due to an extensive history of hybridization and periodic introgression events among the species. Although almost all land plants including birches produce methyl salicylate (MeSA) as a signaling molecule and in response to stress (“low MeSA producer”), some birch species produce high amounts of MeSA in the leaves and bark (“high MeSA producer”). Unfortunately, the evolution of high levels of MeSA production in the genus Betula remains unclear. The salicylic acid-binding protein 2 (SABP2) and salicylic acid methyltransferase (SAMT) genes involved in MeSA biosynthesis were incorporated into this study to examine the interspecific relationship of high and low MeSA-producing birches. Additionally, eight chloroplast and three nuclear regions were included to evaluate their potential application in species determination. The analysis resulted in 25 and 61 nucleotide variations, respectively, which allowed for a visualization of the genetic architecture in the 18 Betula species investigated. The high MeSA-producing B. lenta, B. grossa, and B. alleghaniensis formed the basal clade in the phylogenetic analysis, thus revealing their ancestral status, and the network analysis postulates that the diploid B. lenta is one of the ancestors of the genus Betula. The results indicate that the ability to produce high levels of MeSA that were initially present in the genus has been lost several times during its evolution. Placing species of the subgenus Acuminata alongside the subgenus Betula, together with a fragrance analysis, questions their ability to produce high levels of MeSA.
Freiräume als Orte der Begegnung
Authors: Räuchle Charlotte , Berding Ulrich 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Relevanz von Begegnungen in öffentlichen Räumen für das gesellschaftliche Zusammenleben in urbanen Quartieren und die Bedeutung der Gestaltung des Stadtraums sind viel diskutierte Themen in Stadtforschung und -planung. Meist werden die damit verbundenen Chancen, über solche Begegnungen die Akzeptanz gesellschaftlicher Vielfalt zu steigern, und die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen, die öffentliche Räume als Orte gesellschaftlicher Konflikte mit sich bringen können, kritisch gegenübergestellt und gegeneinander abgewogen. Obwohl also ein breites Wissen über öffentliche Räume als Orte der Begegnung besteht, ist es dennoch notwendig, seine Gültigkeit immer wieder in Bezug auf bestimmte lokale Kontexte zu überprüfen. Am Beispiel des superdiversen hannoverschen Quartiers Sahlkamp-Mitte kontrastiert der Artikel die der Freiraumgestaltung zugrunde liegenden planerischen Ideen mit alltäglichen Erfahrungen vom Zusammenleben der Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner. Es zeigt sich, dass hier Diskrepanzen bestehen und auch „organisierte Begegnungen“ im Freiraum einen produktiven Beitrag zum „guten Zusammenleben“ im Quartier leisten können.
Effects of Two-Dimensional Steep Hills on the Performance of Wind Turbines and Wind Farms
Authors: Liu Luoqin , Stevens Richard J. A. M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe use large-eddy simulations with an immersed boundary method to study the performance of wind turbines and wind farms in hilly terrain. First, we analyze the performance of wind turbines in the vicinity of a two-dimensional hill. For turbines that are significantly taller than the hill, the performance improves as the flow speeds up over the hill. For turbines that have approximately the same or a smaller height than the hill, the impact of the hill on the turbine performance depends on the positioning of the turbine in relation to the hill. For these turbines, the performance is better at the hilltop. However, the power production of these turbines is reduced due to blockage effects when they are placed at the base of the hill. The performance of turbines placed on the windward side of the hill is well predicted by superimposing the wind-turbine wake profile for the flat terrain on the hilly-terrain flow field. In contrast, we show that this approach is invalid when the turbine is placed on the leeward side of the hill where flow separation occurs. Subsequently, we consider wind farms with a hill in the middle. The hill wake is very pronounced due to which the performance of turbines located behind and close to the hill is mainly determined by the flow dynamics induced by the hill instead of the wind-turbine wakes. Finally, we study a wind farm located between two hills. We find that, for this particular configuration, there is a unique turbine spacing that maximizes the wind-farm power production in the valley.
Patients’ perceptions of 70-gene signature testing: commonly changing the initial inclination to undergo or forego chemotherapy and reducing decisional conflict
Authors: van Steenhoven Julia E. C. , den Dekker Bianca M. , Kuijer Anne , van Diest Paul J. , Nieboer Peter , Zuetenhorst Johanna M. , Imholz Alex L. Th. , Siesling Sabine , van Dalen Thijs 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Little is known about the impact of 70-gene signature (70-GS) use on patients’ chemotherapy decision-making. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 70-GS use on patients’ decisions to undergo chemotherapy. The perceived decision conflict during decision-making was a secondary objective of the study.

Methods
Patients operated for estrogen receptor positive early breast cancer were asked to fill out a questionnaire probing their inclination to undergo chemotherapy before deployment of the 70-GS test. After disclosure of the 70-GS result patients were asked about their decision regarding chemotherapy. Patients’ decisional conflict was measured using the 16-item decisional conflict scale (DCS); scores < 25 are associated with a persuaded decision while a score > 37.5 implies that one feels unsure about a choice.

Results
Between January 1th 2017 and December 31th 2018, 106 patients completed both questionnaires. Before deployment of the 70-GS, 58% of patients (n = 62) formulated a clear treatment preference, of whom 21 patients (34%) changed their opinion on treatment with chemotherapy following the 70-GS. The final decision regarding chemotherapy was in line with the 70-GS result in 90% of patients. The percentage of patients who felt unsure about their preference to be treated with chemotherapy decreased from 42 to 5% after disclosure of the 70-GS. The mean total DCS significantly decreased from pre-test to post-test from 35 to 23, irrespective of the risk estimate (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Deployment of the 70-GS changed patients’ inclination to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy in one third of patients and decreased patients’ decisional conflict.
Mental Imagery in Social Anxiety in Children and Young People: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chapman Jennifer , Halldorsson Brynjar , Creswell Cathy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCurrent cognitive models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults indicate that negative self-images play a pivotal role in maintaining the disorder. However, little is known about the role of negative imagery in the maintenance of social anxiety for children and young people. We systematically reviewed studies that have investigated the association between imagery and social anxiety in children and young people. Four databases were searched for ‘social anxiety’ and related terms (including ‘social phobia’ and ‘performance anxiety’) combined with ‘imagery’, ‘representation*’, and ‘observer perspective’. The nine studies that met the inclusion criteria provided some evidence that children and young people with higher social anxiety report more negative, observer’s perspective images, and some evidence to support the cognitive models of SAD’s conceptualisation of imagery. Only two studies included samples with pre-adolescent children. The literature is limited by a number of methodological issues, including inconsistencies in, and a lack of good psychometric measures for, imagery in children and young people. More conclusive evidence is needed to develop significant and robust conclusions.
Technological Change and Catching-Up in the Indian Banking Sector: A Time-Dependent Nonparametric Frontier Approach
Authors: Mallick Sushanta , Rughoo Aarti , Tzeremes Nickolaos G. , Xu Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates whether there has been any improvement in efficiency convergence of banks in India during the post-reform period considering bank ownership structures, using a balanced panel for 73 banks over the time period 1996–2014. Utilizing nonparametric frontier estimators, we compute time-dependent bank efficiency scores, which allow us to examine the dynamics of technological frontier and catch-up levels of Indian banks, and to explore the convergence patterns in the estimated efficiency levels. Our results signify that the state-owned banks, which dominate the banking activity in India, establish themselves as the best performers, ahead of the private, foreign and cooperative banks during post-2005. Even during the recent global financial crisis period, we find that bank efficiency levels increased, except for foreign banks which have had the greatest adverse impact. The convergence results show that heterogeneity is present in bank efficiency convergence, which points to the presence of club formation suggesting that Indian banks’ efficiency convergence is partly driven by the ownership structure.
Relationships between the clinical characteristics and copy numbers of DNA of cytomegalovirus determined by real-time PCR
Authors: Yoshimura Ayano , Araki-Sasaki Kaoru , Toyokawa Noriko , Fujiwara Rho , Jho Nobuo , Gomi Fumi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To determine whether there is a correlation between the clinicals characteristics including various types of keratic precipitates and the copy numbers of the DNA of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in eyes with CMV corneal endotheliitis.

Methods
We reviewed the medical charts of four cases of corneal endotheliitis that were CMV-positive. We have classified types of clinical phenomenon into four types: coin-shaped KPs, sectoral corneal edema with or without Khodadoust line-like KPs, mutton-fat KPs, and fine KPs and have graded their severity. We also determined the copy numbers of the DNA of CMV in the aqueous humor by real-time polymerase chain reaction before and during the treatment. We evaluated the correlation between the patterns of clinical characteristics and copy number of the DNA of CMV.

Results
There were clinical improvements in all eyes following topical ganciclovir in conjunction with low dose of topical steroid treatment, with or without oral valganciclovir. The clinical characteristics and the copy numbers of the DNA of CMV varied during the treatment period. The presence of coin-shaped KPs was correlated with high copy numbers (105–103 copies/ml) of the DNA of CMV. The copy numbers of the DNA of CMV with sectoral corneal edema with or without Khodadoust line-like KPs ranged from 104 to 102 copies/ml, and it was occasionally accompanied by high intraocular pressure. Mutton-fat KPs were observed inferiorly, sometimes together with coin-shaped KPs and sectoral corneal edema, or solely. The copy numbers in eyes with mutton-fat KPs varied and occasionally less than the cutoff level. Fine-pigmented KPs were observed after the resolution of the endotheliitis, and no DNA of CMV was detected in the aqueous humor.

Conclusions
Careful observations of the clinical characteristics such as the KPs and corneal edema might be helpful in estimating the amount of the DNA of CMV in eyes with corneal endotheliitis.
From Storage to Disposal: a Holistic Microbotanical Approach to Domestic Plant Preparation and Consumption Activities in Late Minoan Gypsades, Crete
Authors: García-Granero Juan José , Hatzaki Eleni , Tsafou Evgenia , Ayala Gianna , Serpetsidaki Ioanna , Bogaard Amy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe analysis of microbotanical remains (starch grains and phytoliths) from food-related domestic contexts and artefacts has the potential to provide insights into daily plant preparation and consumption activities. In particular, pottery vessels offer an unparalleled comparative framework for the study of food preparation and consumption, since pottery is used for a variety of domestic food-related activities, including storage, processing and serving. This study illustrates the potential of microbotanical remains to provide a holistic approach to the plant food preparation and consumption cycle—from storage to disposal—through the analysis of starch grains and phytoliths from Late Minoan storage, cooking and serving vessels recently uncovered at the Knossian ‘neighbourhood’ of Lower Gypsades. The results show that starch grains and phytoliths are more abundant and diverse in cooking vessels, presumably reflecting a higher deposition of microbotanical remains as a result of the disturbance caused by cooking. The results further offer insights into Minoan storage and cooking practices at Gypsades, suggesting that cereals were stored de-husked in pithoi and, possibly, in palm leaf baskets, and later cooked together with non-staple plants. The virtual absence of microbotanical remains from serving vessels may be due to depositional factors and/or the fact that some of the vessels analysed in this study were used for serving/consuming liquids or animal products, and not plants.