bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the real dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 in Malaysia without incarcerated clusters: a modelling study
Authors: Law Kian Boon , Peariasamy Kalaiarasu M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The latest outbreak of COVID-19 in Malaysia emerged in early September and had two determinants. First, it involved incarcerated populations from four prisons located in Sabah, Kedah and Penang states. Second, the Sabah state by-election campaigns accelerated the spread of COVID-19 in the state and across the South China Sea into the west Malaysia. The emergence of multiple incarcerated clusters at different time points may shadow the real dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 in the community and lead to inaccurate interpretation and conclusion. The study aimed to reveal the real spreading pattern of COVID-19 by excluding incarcerated clusters in the modelling.Methodology: We extended the susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) model to include an additional class for non-isolated active cases, which was assumed to impel the transmission of COVID-19 in the community. The model was fitted to actual total and removed cases for estimation of duration of transmission and hospitalization. The parameters were then applied to model the transmission for COVID-19 in the community.Results: The presence of incarcerated clusters shadowed the dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 with a lower reproduction number of 2.0. The proportion of non-isolated active cases increased slowly from 49.4% on 1 September 2020 to 60.3% on 8 October 2020. In the absence of incarcerated clusters, the dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 appeared differently with a higher reproduction number of 2.3. The proportion of non-isolated active cases increased tremendously from 22.1% on 1 September 2020 to 63.7% on 8 October 2020. The tremendous increase of non-isolated active cases impelled the dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 in the community following the Sabah state by-election campaigns and more inter-state travels.Conclusion: The inclusion of incarcerated clusters shadowed the dynamics of transmission of COVID-19 in the community with a lower transmission rate, which might lead to wrong interpretation of the dynamics of transmission in the community.
Survey of the Level of Preparedness and Fears of Anaesthesia Staff regarding the Management of COVID-19 patients in ABUTH Zaria-Nigeria
Authors: Yakubu Saidu Yusuf 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Data was collected to determine the level of preparedness and fears of anaesthesia staff regarding the management of COVID-19 patients in a low resource tertiary hospital in Zaria, Nigeria. Information obtained was used to request for missing equipment from the hospital management and to allay the fears of staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Data reported was from the survey of consenting anaesthesia staff at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria. Information obtained include age, gender, marital status, professional role, level of preparedness, availability of working materials/equipment, fear of COVID-19, level of stress, stigmatization and the willingness or otherwise to volunteer in the management of COVID-19 patients. All 45 respondents stated that they do not have a life insurance. Forty four (97.8%) lack access to COVID-19 testing while 36 (80%) have not received any training on COVID-19 and the use of personal protective equipment. Twenty eight of 43 staff said that they were not willing or prepared to participate in the management of COVID-19 patients. Data will be useful to other researchers with a similar challenge. Data obtained was deposited at https://dx.doi.org/10.17632/stdmys22gk.1.
Predictors of hand hygiene behaviours among primary and secondary school children in a rural district setting in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional epidemiologic study
Authors: Ncube France , Kanda Artwell , Chahwanda Maude , Macherera Margaret , Ngwenya Bigboy 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Hand hygiene is one of the most effective and efficient ways of controlling faecal–oral diseases. However, little is known about the predictors of hand hygiene behaviours among school children. A predesigned checklist guide was used to observe hygiene behaviours of 460 pupils from four rural schools in Shamva South district, Zimbabwe. A pretested questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic data of the observed school children. Membership of a Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) club, age, gender and the level of education were associated with hand hygiene practices (p &lt; 0.05). The findings indicated that investing in hand hygiene behaviour change processes among school children using the promotion, formation, resuscitation and empowerment of WASH clubs in schools is important in disease prevention among communities in developing countries.
Water reuse potential for irrigation in Brazilian hydrographic regions
Authors: Lima Maíra , Araujo Bruna Magalhães de , Soares Sérgio Rodrigues Ayrimoraes , Santos Ana Silvia Pereira , Vieira José Manuel Pereira 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present paper carried out an evaluation of the reuse potential of the Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) effluents for irrigation in the 12 Brazilian Hydrographic Regions (BHRs). For this purpose, initially, the WWTPs were categorized and the effluent flow rate was estimated. Category 1 represents secondary effluent with an efficiency of organic matter removal greater than 80%; Category 2 represents effluent that underwent some disinfection step; and effluents that perform less than the other categories were called ‘Uncategorized’. After that, the irrigation water demands for each BHRs were compiled, and finally, the production of water for reutilization was compared with the demand for irrigation. Thus, it was observed that all the sewage flow rates generated in Brazil classified in Categories 1 and 2 represent 9% of the total irrigation water demand in the country (1,078.71 m3/s) and it stands out that only 7% of the flows treated in Brazil undergo a tertiary treatment step.
Sorption behavior and mechanism of oxytetracycline from simulated wastewater by Amberlite IR-120 resin
Authors: Yousef Rechidi , Malika Chabani 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The adsorption of oxytetracycline from aqueous solution by the resin Amberlite IR 120 was studied. The effect of different experimental parameters such as contact time, initial concentration of OTC 40–200 mg/l, initial pH 2–12 of aqueous solution, adsorbent dose 0.5–3 g/l, and stirring speed 100–700 rpm on the adsorption of OTC were investigated. The kinetic adsorption experimental results were analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models. The adsorption process was found to follow a pseudo-second order kinetic model and the corresponding rate constants were obtained. A film-pore diffusion (FPD) mass transfer model has been developed to predict the concentration distribution in the fluid phase, based on the external mass transfer coefficient and the effective diffusion coefficient. The values of the external mass transfer coefficient (βL) and effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) were found to decrease with increasing OTC concentration. The comparison between the experimental and the theoretical curves allowed us to note that the film-pore diffusion mass transfer model gave a good agreement with the experimental data for all the values of initial OTC concentration.
Tio2/SiO2/Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles synthesis and application in methyl orange UV photocatalytic removal
Authors: Behzadi Shabnam , Nonahal Behrouz , Royaee Sayed Javid , Asadi Amir Atabak 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Three main parameters affecting TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 nanoparticles activity in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange were investigated using response surface methodology (SRM). Precipitation method and sol-gel technique were used to prepare SiO2/Fe3O4 electromagnetic composite support and TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 photocatalytically active nanoparticles. The specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore size of the synthesized nanoparticles were respectively equal to 56 m2/g, 0.12 cm3/g and 9.4 nm. The point of zero charge (PZC) of the catalyst was measured to be 5.9. The maximum and minimum photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using the synthesized nanoparticles were 100% and 30%, respectively. A linear model was fitted to the obtained results with R2adjusted equal to 0.87. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that catalyst concentration, reaction media pH and aeration rate were significantly affected the photocatalytic activity. Optimization was performed considering photocatalytic activity as the main objective functions. In order to maximize photocatalytic activity, catalyst loading, reaction media pH and aeration rate were respectively adjusted to 2,000 ppm, 3 and 2.5 L/min, which resulted in total methyl orange removal. Considering promising photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4 along with core-sell nanocomposite separation performance led us to propose this photocatalyst as an alternative solution for treating waste waters.
Evaluation of the Cardioprotective Effect of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Patients with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Pourtaji Atena , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Poorzand Hoorak , Moshiri Mohammad , Mohammadpour Amir Hooshang , Mousavi Seyed Reza 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Carbon monoxide (CO), which is well known as silent killer, has many
toxic effects on organs with high rate of metabolism such as heart and brain. CO-induced cardiotoxicity
resulted in a wide range of disabilities including electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities,
elevation in level of cardiac enzymes, arrhythmias, impairment of left ventricular and myocardial
infarction (MI). Cardio-protective effects of Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on infarcted
heart was proved previously in various reports.

Objective:
In this study, possible effect of G-CSF on cardiac function of patients with moderate to severe acute CO poisoning
was investigated.

Methods:
Cardioprotective effects of G-CSF in CO-poisoned patients was evaluated through ECG, Holter monitoring,
echocardiography, and biochemical studies. Continuous intravenous infusion of G-CSF (90 µg/kg) and normal saline were
administered respectively to treatment and placebo groups.

Results:
The results demonstrated that in moderate to severe CO poisoning, myocardial injury is
common. ECG changes (e.g., ST-segment and T-wave changes, QTC), cardiac arrhythmias (e.g.,
heart blocks and ventricular arrhythmias), serum level of Troponin I, left ventricular ejection fraction
were determined after G-CSF administration. Frequencies of ST depression, inversion or flatting
of T wave and QTC in ECG were significantly reduced after G-CSF treatment. In addition, incidence
of cardiac arrhythmias due to CO poisoning were reduced after G-CSF treatment. However,
G-CSF did not exert protective effects on TPI level and function of left ventricular in CO-poisoned
patients.

Conclusion:
GCSF could probably reduce CO-induced cardiac ischemia in patients with acute CO poisoning.
Temperature Influences at the Myoelectric Level in the Upper Extremities of the Human Body
Authors: Herrera Efrén V. , Vela Edgar M. , Arce Victor A. , Molina Katherine G. , Sánchez Nathaly S. , Daza Paúl J. , Herrera Luis E. , Plaza Douglas A. 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
Nowadays, surface electromyography (sEMG) signals are used for a variety of medical interaction applications along with hardware and software interfaces. These signals require advanced techniques with different approaches that enable processing the sEMG signals acquired in the upper limb muscles of a person.

Methods:
The purpose of this article is to analyze the sEMG signals of the upper limb of a person exposed to temperature changes to envisage its behavior and its nature. The anticipated diagnostic is a key factor in the health field. Therefore, it is very important to develop more precise methods and techniques. For the present study, a heat chamber that allows controlling the temperature of the area where the patient rests his or her hand was designed and implemented. With the appropriate hardware interfaces, the sEMG signals of the hand were registered with MatLab/Simulink software for further analysis. The article explains the analysis and develops knowledge, through a probabilistic approach regarding the change in the sEMG signals.

Results:
The results show that there is an activity in the sEMG signal response due to changes in temperature and it is feasible to detect them using the proposed method.

Conclusion:
This finding contributes to research that seeks to characterize temperature’s effect in the biomedical field.
Consistency of the Semi-parametric MLE under the Cox Model with Right-Censored Data
Authors: Yu Qiqing 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
We studied the consistency of the semi-parametric maximum likelihood estimator (SMLE) under the Cox regression model with right-censored (RC) data.

Methods:
Consistency proofs of the MLE are often based on the Shannon-Kolmogorov inequality, which requires finite E(lnL), where L is the likelihood function.

Results:
The results of this study show that one property of the semi-parametric MLE (SMLE) is established.

Conclusion:
Under the Cox model with RC data, E(lnL) may not exist. We used the Kullback-Leibler information inequality in our proof.
Iterative Recognition of Bird's Nest in Aerial Photograph of High Voltage
Transmission Tower
Authors: Yu WanBo , Li XingWen , Yu Ting 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Unmanned aerial vehicle automatic fault identification of high voltage transmission equipment
has entered the stage of product development, in which image recognition technology is one of the key technologies.
There are often bird nests on the high voltage transmission tower, which have an impact on the transmission, so they
needs to be automatically detected.

Methods:
For bird's nest recognition, a novel algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the template image and auxiliary function are
used to construct the system, and the iterative point trajectory set, called feature set, is obtained by iteration; Then, the
target image is searched by blocks, and the image blocks are iterated with the same auxiliary function to construct the
iterative system, and the set of iterative point tracks to be identified is obtained. The correlation coefficient is calculated
by comparing the feature set with those to be recognized. And we can confirm whether the image block is a bird's nest
according to the size of correlation coefficient.

Results:
Different from the general image recognition method, the iterative algorithm obtains the iterative trajectory by
iterating the image and the auxiliary function, and takes the iterative trajectory as the image feature, then the feature
comparison is carried out, so as to achieve the goal of bird's nest recognition. The effectiveness of the method is proved by
experiments. The recognition accuracy is 99% by experiment on the self-built data set.

Conclusion:
This paper proposes a new feature extraction algorithm for bird's nest recognition. The algorithm based on
iteration is very simple and effective for bird's nest identification. As a new method, it needs further development and
improvement.
Implementation and Application of Telemedicine in China: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cui Fangfang , Ma Qianqian , He Xianying , Zhai Yunkai , Zhao Jie , Chen Baozhan , Sun Dongxu , Shi Jinming , Cao Mingbo , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: October 2020

Background
Telemedicine has been used widely in China and has benefited a large number of patients, but little is known about the overall development of telemedicine.

Objective
The aim of this study was to perform a national survey to identify the overall implementation and application of telemedicine in Chinese tertiary hospitals and provide a scientific basis for the successful expansion of telemedicine in the future.

Methods
The method of probability proportionate to size sampling was adopted to collect data from 161 tertiary hospitals in 29 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. Charts and statistical tests were applied to compare the development of telemedicine, including management, network, data storage, software and hardware equipment, and application of telemedicine. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between these factors and telemedicine service effect.

Results
Approximately 93.8% (151/161) of the tertiary hospitals carried out telemedicine services in business-to-business mode. The most widely used type of telemedicine network was the virtual private network with a usage rate of 55.3% (89/161). Only a few tertiary hospitals did not establish data security and cybersecurity measures. Of the 161 hospitals that took part in the survey, 100 (62.1%) conducted remote videoconferencing supported by hardware instead of software. The top 5 telemedicine services implemented in the hospitals were teleconsultation, remote education, telediagnosis of medical images, tele-electrocardiography, and telepathology, with coverage rates of 86.3% (139/161), 57.1% (92/161), 49.7% (80/161), 37.9% (61/161), and 33.5% (54/161), respectively. The average annual service volume of teleconsultation reached 714 cases per hospital. Teleconsultation and telediagnosis were the core charging services. Multivariate analysis indicated that the adoption of direct-to-consumer mode (P=.003), support from scientific research funds (P=.01), charging for services (P<.001), number of medical professionals (P=.04), network type (P=.02), sharing data with other hospitals (P=.04), and expertise level (P=.03) were related to the effect of teleconsultation. Direct-to-consumer mode (P=.01), research funding (P=.01), charging for services (P=.01), establishment of professional management departments (P=.04), and 15 or more instances of remote education every month (P=.01) were found to significantly influence the effect of remote education.

Conclusions
A variety of telemedicine services have been implemented in tertiary hospitals in China with a promising prospect, but the sustainability and further standardization of telemedicine in China are still far from accomplished.
Validation of a Core Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Fatigue in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
Authors: Ju Angela , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Tong Allison , Smith Alice C. , Unruh Mark , Davison Sara N. , Dapueto Juan , Dew Mary Amanda , Fluck Richard , Germain Michael J. , Jassal Sarbjit V. , Obrador Gregorio T. , O’Donoghue Donal , Viecelli Andrea K. , Strippoli Giovanni , Ruospo Marinella , Timofte Delia , Sharma Ankit , Au Eric , Howell Martin , Costa Daniel S.J. , Anumudu Samaya , Craig Jonathan C. , Rutherford Claudia 
Published: October 2020

Background and objectives
Fatigue is a very common and debilitating symptom and identified by patients as a critically important core outcome to be included in all trials involving patients receiving hemodialysis. A valid, standardized measure for fatigue is needed to yield meaningful and relevant evidence about this outcome. This study validated a core patient-reported outcome measure for fatigue in hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A longitudinal cohort study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of a new fatigue measure (Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Hemodialysis Fatigue [SONG-HD Fatigue]). Eligible and consenting patients completed the measure at three time points: baseline, a week later, and 12 days following the second time point. Cronbach α and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated to assess internal consistency, and Spearman rho was used to assess convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was also conducted. Hemodialysis units in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Romania participated in this study. Adult patients aged 18 years and over who were English speaking and receiving maintenance hemodialysis were eligible to participate. Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Hemodialysis, the Visual Analog Scale for fatigue, the 12-Item Short Form Survey, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue were used.

Results
In total, 485 participants completed the study across the United Kingdom, Australia, and Romania. Psychometric assessment demonstrated that Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Hemodialysis is internally consistent (Cronbach α =0.81–0.86) and stable over a 1-week period (intraclass correlation coefficient =0.68–0.74). The measure demonstrated convergence with Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue and had moderate correlations with other measures that assessed related but not the same concept (the 12-Item Short Form Survey and the Visual Analog Scale). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor model.

Conclusions
SONG-HD Fatigue seems to be a reliable and valid measure to be used in trials involving patients receiving hemodialysis.
Review of the Textbook “Fundamentals of the Digital Economy”
Authors: Yanova S. Yu. 
Published: October 2020

The review examines the textbook edited by M. N. Konia- gina, dedicated to the new and acutely relevant discipline “Fundamentals of the digital economy.” The structure of the textbook is considered, particularly interesting chapters are highlighted, the contribution of the co-authors not only to the textbook itself, but also to the development of thematic areas presented by the publication’s chapters is highlighted, which is confirmed by the numerous published works of the co-authors. The reviewer gives an overall high positive assessment of the peer-reviewed work, as well as recommendations for further deepening the topics being studied.The author of the review is convinced that the textbook will be useful to students of the educational areas of Econom­ics, Management, Business Informatics, State and Mu­nicipal Administration, teachers, business representatives in the process of corporate digital transformation, self­development, and organization of development processes for company employees.