bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marginalized to double marginalized: My mutational intersectionality between the East and the West
Authors: Abdellatif Amal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntersectionality allows better understanding of the differences between individuals' experiences. In this article, I use intersectionality to explore how my lived experience of marginalization is different from one context to another. I reflect on how the nature of intersectionality and the intensity of oppression are altered by context. Grounded in a brief reflection of my fragmented experience in two different contexts, I explore how my identities and their intersection “mutate” from the Egyptian context to the UK context. Then, I reflect on how the intensity of oppression changed with this alteration in my intersectionality. In contextualizing my intersectional experience, first I problematize viewing intersectionality as a fixed acontextual ontology. Second, as a student immigrant and racialized minority in the United Kingdom, I seek to extend intersectionality and move beyond the traditional categories of race, class, gender, religion, and sexuality to include precarity as a pivotal social category that amplifies the intensity of oppression and marginalization, especially when intersected with race and gender. Finally, in sharing my reflection as a Middle Eastern woman, I contribute my unique experiences into the conversation, and a voice that has been muted, invisibled, marginalized, and excluded from the literature.
Clinicopathological and molecular characterisation of USP6‐rearranged soft tissue neoplasms: the evidence of genetic relatedness indicates an expanding family with variable bone‐forming capacity
Authors: Wang Jui‐Chu , Li Wan‐Shan , Kao Yu‐Chien , Lee Jen‐Chieh , Lee Pei‐Hang , Huang Shih‐Chiang , Tsai Jen‐Wei , Chen Chien‐Chin , Chang Ching‐Di , Yu Shih‐Chen , Huang Hsuan‐Ying 
Published: October 2020

AimsUSP6 rearrangement underpins self‐limiting fibroblastic/myofibroblastic neoplasms, including nodular fasciitis (NF), myositis ossificans (MO), aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC), and related variants. The aim of this study was to characterise UPS6 and fusion partners in order to delineate the clinicopathological, genetic and bone‐forming features in such lesions of soft tissue (ST).Methods and resultsBreak‐apart fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) validated USP6 rearrangement in 31 of 35 NF [comprising three of three fasciitis ossificans (FO) cases, seven of eight cellular variant of fibroma of tendon sheath (C‐FTS), four of six MO, three of three ST‐ABC, and two of two fibro‐osseous pseudotumours of digits (FOPD)]. As determined with FISH and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, MYH9–USP6 was the commonest fusion in four C‐FTS and 20 NF, including one intravascular case and two infantile (one retroperitoneal) cases. The presence of MYH9–USP6 confirmed the diagnosis of two NFs> 50 mm with prominent ischaemic necrosis. COL1A1–USP6 was predominant in ossifying lesions, including all FO, MO, ST‐ABC and FOPD with identified partner genes, and was also present in non‐ossifying head and neck NF (HN‐NF) and C‐FTS in two cases each. A cervical NF of a 14‐month‐old girl harboured the novel COL1A2–USP6. Ossifying lesions showed considerable genetic and morphological overlaps. Sharing COL1A1–USP6, FO and FOPD showed similar central or haphazard bone matrix deposition. Besides zonation of outward bone maturation, four COL1A1–USP6‐positive MO had incipient to sieve‐like pseudocysts reminiscent of ST‐ABC.ConclusionMYH9–USP6 is present in some C‐FTS and most NF, including rare variants, but is unrelated to bone formation. All bone‐forming USP6‐rearranged lesions adopt COL1A1 as the 5′ partner, indicating close genetic kinships. However, COL1A1/COL1A2 also contributes to the pathogenesis of minor subsets of non‐ossifying USP6‐rearranged HN‐NF and C‐FTS.
Efficacy of dental floss with ellipsoidal knots vs conventional dental floss for plaque removal: A split‐mouth randomized trial
Authors: Roa López Antonio , Moreu Burgos Gerardo , Aguilar Salvatierra Antonio , Fernández Delgado Javier , Bravo Manuel , González Jaranay Maximino 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare clinical efficacy for plaque removal between dental floss with soft ellipsoidal knots and conventional floss.Materials and MethodsWe studied 33 university students (29 females and 4 males, 13 of them undergraduate/postgraduate students of dentistry), including regular and sporadic (less once/wk) users of dental floss, with interproximal spaces ≤1 mm, who used floss with and without knots in a randomized manner following a split‐mouth design. The Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) by Rustogi et al. was applied to determine the total removed plaque (TPI) and that removed in the gingival area (GPI) and interproximal spaces (IPI).ResultsThe reduction in GPI was greater with the knotted vs conventional floss in all cases (14.77 ± 12.38; 64.79% vs 17.38 ± 13.66; 57.51%) and especially among no floss users (12.469 ± 10.98; 68.02% vs 15.833 ± 11.88; 58.55%). No statistically significant difference between floss types was found in TPI and IPI (globally or by floss utilization frequency) or in the mean GPI of floss users.ConclusionFloss with ellipsoidal knots showed similar efficacy to remove plaque in patients with less experience of flossing (but without statistically significant differences) compared with flossing themselves with conventional floss, and it may be an optimal solution for patients starting to use dental floss and for those with a lesser or only sporadic history of floss utilization.
Bacterial antigen is directly delivered to the draining lymph nodes and activates CD8+ T cells during Staphylococcus aureus skin infection
Authors: Egawa Gyohei , Roediger Ben , Tay Szun S , L Cavanagh Lois , V Guy Thomas , Fazekas de Barbara , Brzoska Anthony J , Firth Neville , Weninger Wolfgang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of community‐ and hospital‐acquired bacterial infection worldwide. While neutrophils play an important role in anti‐S. aureus immune defense, the role of adaptive immunity is less clear. In this study, we generated a model antigen‐expressing S. aureus strain to investigate the dynamics and magnitude of T cell immune responses against this pathogen. We demonstrate that S. aureus is delivered to the draining lymph nodes (LNs) by lymphatic flow immediately after intradermal inoculation. There, the bacterium initiates CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation via activating LN‐resident dendritic cells. Large numbers of neutrophils are recruited to the draining LNs to engulf bacteria; however, neutrophil depletion did not impact on CTL proliferation, despite increasing bacterial burden. Tissue‐resident memory T cells were formed in the skin at bacteria‐inoculated sites. Yet, blood and tissue‐resident memory T cells failed to prevent secondary cutaneous S. aureus infection. Our study defines the delivery kinetics of S. aureus from the skin and suggests that CTLs are dispensable for protection against skin infections.
Paediatric maxillofacial fractures in Ghana: Pattern, household cost, and distress
Authors: Blankson Paa Kwesi , Amanor Efua M. , Dai‐Kosi Alfred D. , Amoako Emmanuella , Konadu Akua B. , Boamah Matthew Owusu , Amoah Gyaami K. , Parkins Grace E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMaxillofacial fractures in the paediatric population are peculiar in risks, management, and potential complications.AimTo determine the pattern, psychological distress to parents, and economic cost of paediatric maxillofacial fractures in Ghana.DesignThis study combined a retrospective evaluation with a cross‐sectional cost‐of‐illness (COI) analysis to describe the pattern and economic cost of paediatric maxillofacial fractures in Ghana. The DASS 21 was used to assess psychological distress to parents. Descriptive summaries were generated, and cross‐tabulations done, with consequent tests of associations.ResultsIn all, 253 patients were included in the study, with 68 households responding to the COI evaluation. Consisting of 179 (70.8%) males and 74 (29.2%) females, the ages ranged from 10 months to 17 years (mean age of 9.0 ± 5.0 years). Maxillofacial fractures frequently resulted from falls (56.5%), while traffic injuries accounted for 27.3%. The average household cost for paediatric maxillofacial fractures in Ghana was US$ 148.77, with the direct cost component accounting for 76% of this amount. At least half of the parents had some degree of psychological distress from the injury sustained.ConclusionKnowledge of the pattern and disease burden of maxillofacial fractures in children is vital in informing preventive strategies, especially for evolving health systems in sub‐Saharan Africa.
GNG5 is an unfavourable independent prognostic indicator of gliomas
Authors: Yang Biao , Han Zhen‐Yuan , Wang Wen‐Juan , Ma Yan‐Bin , Chu Sheng‐Hua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGliomas are the most common primary brain tumours, and glioblastomas (GBMs) are subgrouped into four distinct molecular subtypes. This study aimed to identify the potential gene related to glioma progression. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the related gene. Correlation, ROC, survival and Cox regression analyses were performed. Blue module was strongly associated with WHO grade (r = .65, P = 1e‐19). GNG5 in gliomas was overexpressed compared with normal samples and associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. GNG5 was frequent in Mesenchymal subtype and lowly expressed in Proneural subtype of GBMs. Survival and Cox regression analyses showed that glioma patients with GNG5 overexpression had shorter survival time, and GNG5 was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival. Overall, GNG5 expression is closely associated with clinicopathologic characteristics and is an independent prognostic indicator for glioma patients, as well as a promising subtype‐associated biomarker in molecular classification of gliomas.
Water free incorporation of shark liver oil into starch microparticles by supercriticalCO2impregnation at low temperature
Authors: e Santos Débora Nascimento , Aredo Victor , Bazito Reinaldo Camino , de Oliveira Alessandra Lopes 
Published: October 2020

AbstractShark liver oil (SLO), rich in squalene, was incorporated into modified starch microparticles (MSMs) by supercritical CO2. This polyunsaturated triterpene presents antitumor and antioxidant activities and, due to the high level of unsaturation in the molecule, it is vulnerable to oxidative attack. This research therefore contributes to the development of methods for impregnating such oil into MSM in order to increase the oil's oxidation stability and prevent its degradation in order to facilitate its use in mixtures with inputs for drugs, foods, and cosmetic. To form SLO‐incorporated MSM, a physical mixture composed of 44% of two MSM with different degrees of hydrophobicity, 11% SLO, 1% lecithin, and 44% ethanol were treated with supercritical CO2at 120 bar, 40, and 60°C. The SLO‐incorporated MSM preserved MSM morphology and exhibited good incorporation of SLO (74–82%), a high degree of solubilization in water (78–86%), and a low hygroscopicity (4–9%). Stability evaluation revealed that the SLO‐incorporated MSM of Purity Gum Ultra that was formed at 60°C preserved 44% of the initial squalene content. Accordingly, supercritical impregnation represents a practical alternative for SLO impregnation since it is a quick method that does not use water in its formulation and can be done at low temperature.Practical ApplicationsThe improvement of drug and food inputs that are thermosensitive in nature and/or of low polarity can be produced by using low‐cost wall material that can make the process more cost effective and more accessible. Particle formation by supercritical CO2impregnation is a green and nonaggressive process for bioactive compounds that allows the design of innovative food products. Moreover, the fact that the use of modified starches for wall materials, which are already used safely by the food and pharmaceutical industries, makes the process and derived products more reliable. In this sense, the incorporation of shark liver oil (rich is squalene) in modified starch microparticles by supercritical impregnation could be a practical alternative for powdered food industries.
The effect of immunonutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou J. , Xue Y. , Liu Y. , Li X.K. , Tong Z.H. , Li W.Q. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of immunonutrition is controversial compared to standard supplementation with respect to the management of patients with acute pancreatitis.MethodsAn online literature search on four databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and Web of Science) was performed to identify all of the randomised controlled trials assessing the effects of enteral or parenteral immunonutrition in acute pancreatitis. A fixed or random effects model was chosen using revman, version 5.3 (https://revman.cochrane.org). The count data were analysed using the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsFive hundred and sixty‐eight patients were included via our search in which 14 articles matched our criteria for enrolling the meta‐analysis. Immunonutrition significantly reduced the risk of organ failure (RR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.26–0.70, P = 0.0008), infectious complications (RR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.62‐0.99; P = 0.04) and mortality (RR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.21–0.66; P = 0.006). Length of hospital stay was also shorter in patients who received immunonutrition (mean difference = −1.73 days; 95% CI = −2.36 to −1.10; P < 0.00001). Total interventions of patients were decreased (RR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.55–0.97; P = 0.03). Body mass index in patients with immunonutrition was reduced more than standard nutrition (mean difference = −2.00; 95% CI = −3.96 to −0.04; P = 0.05).ConclusionsImmunonutrition support such as glutamine and ω‐3 fatty acids is potentially beneficial with respect to improving clinical outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.
Lip necrosis in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: Can it be triggered by COVID‐19?
Authors: Cebeci Kahraman Filiz , Özen Tunç , Elibol Tayfun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 due to SARS‐CoV‐2 was first described in the city of Wuhan in China and spread around the world turning into a pandemic. COVID‐19 can affect different organ systems, including the oral mucosa.AimsAlthough cutaneous involvement has been defined in association with COVID‐19, the number of case reports about mucosal involvement by SARS‐CoV‐2 is limited. Hereby, we report a case of hemorrhagic necrosis on the lip in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and COVID‐19 infection and briefly discuss its possible mechanism.PatientsThe clinical features and causes of hemorrhagic necrosis on the lip in a woman are presented.ResultsIn our patient, we think that PNH‐associated dermal micro‐occlusions caused extensive painful necrosis of the lip. Additionally, COVID‐19‐induced endothelial damage helped to develop exaggerated hemorrhagic necrosis.ConclusionThis current case presentation will contribute to the literature as another case with COVID‐19 triggering mucosal involvement.
Postinflammatory and rebound hyperpigmentation as a complication after treatment efficacy of telangiectatic melasma with 585 nanometers Q‐switched Nd: YAG laser and 4% hydroquinone cream in skin phototypes III‐V
Authors: Lueangarun Suparuj , Namboonlue Chutimon , Tempark Therdpong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe potential efficacy of vascular component‐targeted laser has been evaluated for the treatment of melasma, which commonly found with the co‐existence of telangiectasia.AimsTo evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety of 585‐nm QSNYL and 4% HQ cream combination vs 4% HQ cream alone for telangiectatic melasma in the skin phototypes III‐V.Patients/MethodsTwenty‐one Thai female patients with telangiectatic melasma and Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (FPTs) III‐V were randomly treated with the 585‐nm QSNYL on one side of the face for five sessions at 2‐week intervals. All patients were assigned to apply HQ cream daily at night on both sides of the face for 10 weeks and a broad‐spectrum sunscreen regularly throughout the study. The treatment efficacy and safety were evaluated using the Modified Melasma Area and Severity Index (mMASI), biometric evaluation, patient assessment, and adverse effects.ResultsThe combination‐treated side yielded more significant improvement of mMASI than the topical‐treated side at weeks 2, 4, and 8, respectively. However, 19% of the patients developed postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) on the laser‐treated side, especially in FPTs IV‐V and rebound hyperpigmentation. There was a significant improvement of hemoglobin and melanin index, but without statistical difference between the two treatment groups.ConclusionsThe combination of 585‐nm QSNYL and HQ treatment yields treatment efficacy and skin rejuvenation effects for telangiectatic melasma. Nonetheless, a high incidence of PIH and rebound hyperpigmentation is adversely developed in dark FPT. Thus, this laser treatment should be cautiously applied in those with dark FPTs IV‐V to avoid laser‐induced pigment alteration.
Detectability and desirability of fear of being single in online dating profiles
Authors: Spielmann Stephanie S. , Gahman Kevin P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThose who fear being single generally do not have difficulty attracting prospective partners. The present research explores whether this is because daters cannot detect fear of being single, or because detected fear of being single does not hinder desirability.MethodIn Study 1 (N = 235, 60% women, Mage = 36.9), participants created dating profiles then rated the desirability of profiles depicting high versus low fear of being single (high narcissism control). In Study 2 (N = 176, 69% women, Mage = 21.4), participants evaluated fear of being single and desirability of actual profiles.ResultsDifferences in fear of being single were detectable. Furthermore, detecting higher fear of being single predicted lower romantic desirability. Desirability ratings were due, in part, to estimating lower physical attractiveness (Study 2). Perceivers’ own fear of being single moderated effects, such that those higher in fear of being single were not deterred by higher fear of being single.ConclusionsFear of being single may be detectable when online dating, but desirability of detected fear of being single varies depending on perceiver traits and may be driven in part by misperceptions of physical attractiveness. This research sheds light on challenges for those who fear being single as they attempt to attract mates.
Changes in the Frequency of Coworker Incivility: Roles of Work Hours, Workplace Sex Ratio, Supervisor Leadership Style, and Incivility
Authors: Sakurai Kenji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrevious research has identified individual characteristics that affect experiences of coworker incivility. However, much less is known about environmental characteristics that affect these experiences. Drawing on the social learning theory and the frustration–aggression hypothesis, this study examined the effects of supervisor incivility and work hours on coworker incivility. Data collected from 692 full‐time employees showed that changes in the frequency of supervisor incivility positively predicted changes in the frequency of coworker incivility over the next 6‐month period. This relationship tended to be stronger for employees who had a supervisor lower rather than higher in the levels of autocratic leadership style. Furthermore, changes in work hours positively predicted changes in coworker incivility. The workplace sex ratio was not an important factor that differentiated experiences of coworker incivility for either men or women. The results of this study highlight the importance of attending to the environmental characteristics of the workplace to understand the occurrence of coworker incivility.
Limited Prosocial Response: Post‐Disaster Charitable Behavior of Public Sector Workers
Authors: Okuyama Naoko , Fukushige Mototsugu 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYWe examined charitable giving in Japanese public sector workers during an emergency, such as a natural disaster. We used pooled data from before and after the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, which amounted to approximately 3,400 observations over two years. Our empirical analysis found that, similar to other workers, public sector workers’ turnout in response to disaster‐related causes was higher during the post‐disaster emergency period than in ordinary times; however, their contribution amounts were lower. This contrast casts doubt on the assumption that public sector workers are always inherently more prosocial than other workers. In our case study, anticipation of and uncertainty about the possible future reduction of their disposable income to finance post‐disaster reconstruction may have prompted their conservative prosocial response.
Ecosystem services provided by beavers Castor spp.
Authors: Thompson Stella , Vehkaoja Mia , Pellikka Jani , Nummi Petri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

We aimed to recognise beaver‐produced ecosystem services and quantify their theoretical value for the entire Northern Hemisphere. Activity of the Eurasian beaver Castor fiber and the North American beaver Castor canadensis in the landscape provides ecosystem services and disservices. Services produced by beaver activity include water purification, moderation of extreme events, habitat and biodiversity provision, nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas sequestration, recreational hunting and fishing, water supply, and non‐consumptive recreation. Beaver‐produced services have not been compiled, analysed, or quantified previously.

Each service we evaluated is worth millions to hundreds of millions of US dollars (USD) annually. Habitat and biodiversity provision (133 million USD), along with greenhouse gas sequestration (75 million USD), are particularly valuable services in absolute terms, while non‐consumptive recreation (167 USD ha−1) and habitat and biodiversity provision (133 USD ha−1) have the largest annual per‐hectare values.

Our results can be used to broaden decision‐making and management perspectives, as we offer value estimates to wildlife managers and municipality planners for assessing local site‐specific beaver wetland values and the opportunities for their realisation. Implementing Payments for Ecosystem Services schemes offer a concrete way for societies to benefit from beaver‐produced services while concurrently compensating beaver‐produced losses accrued to landowners. Building such schemes offer long‐term realisation of ecosystem services and damage mitigation. This would lead to increased societal well‐being and increased conservation interest and efforts.