bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overwhelming sepsis in a neonate affected by Zellweger syndrome due to a compound heterozygosis in PEX 6 gene: a case report
Authors: Lucaccioni Laura , Righi Beatrice , Cingolani Greta Miriam , Lugli Licia , Della Casa Elisa , Torcetta Francesco , Iughetti Lorenzo , Berardi Alberto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of metabolic diseases caused by dysfunction of peroxisomes. Different forms of PBDs are described; the most severe one is the Zellweger syndrome (ZS). We report on an unusual presentation of Zellweger syndrome manifesting in a newborn with severe and fulminant sepsis, causing death during the neonatal period.Case presentationA term male Caucasian neonate presented at birth with hypotonia and poor feeding associated with dysmorphic craniofacial features and skeletal abnormalities. Blood tests showed progressive leukopenia; ultrasounds revealed cerebral and renal abnormalities. He died on the fourth day of life because of an irreversible Gram-negative sepsis. Post-mortem tests on blood and urine samples showed biochemical alterations suggestive of ZS confirmed by genetic test.ConclusionsZS is an early and severe forms of PBDs. Peroxisomes are known to be involved in lipid metabolism, but recent studies suggest their fundamental role in modulating immune response and inflammation. In case of clinical suspicion of ZS it is important to focus the attention on the prevention and management of infections that can rapidly progress to death.
Intracranial hypertension due to spinal cord tumor misdiagnosed as pseudotumor cerebri syndrome: case report
Authors: Hu Wanglu , Wang Chun , Wu Qun , Chen Yike , Gao Wei , Ying Guangyu , Zhu Yongjian , Yan Wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Isolated onset of intracranial hypertension due to spinal cord tumor is rare, thus, easily leading to misdiagnosis and delay in effective treatment.

Case presentation
Herein, we describe a 45-year-old female patient who manifested isolated symptoms and signs of intracranial hypertension and whose condition was initially diagnosed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension and transverse sinus stenosis. The patient received a stent implantation; however, no improvements were observed. One year later her symptoms exacerbated, and during rehospitalization a spinal imaging examination revealed a lumbar tumor. Pathologic evaluation confirmed schwannoma, and tumor resection significantly improved her symptoms, except for poor vision.

Conclusions
Space-occupying lesions of the spine should be considered in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, even in the absence of spine-localized signs or symptoms.
The effect of anti-cancer and anti-tuberculosis treatments in lung cancer patients with active tuberculosis: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Chai Mei , Shi Qingming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundLung tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer have a complex relationship. Data concerning TB treatment in lung cancer patients are still incomplete. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of anti-cancer and anti-tuberculosis treatments in lung cancer patients with active lung TB.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort study, lung cancer patients with active lung TB were identified between January 2013 and December 2016. Age- and sex-matched lung cancer patients without tuberculosis were selected as control subjects. Anti-cancer and anti-tuberculosis treatments were administered according to the national guidelines. The clinical courses and responses of lung cancer patients with and without active lung TB were examined and compared.ResultsA total of 31 consecutive lung cancer patients were diagnosed with active lung TB. Fifty-one lung cancer patients without TB were enrolled as control subjects. Most patients in the two groups were elderly, had advanced non-small cell lung cancer and had tumor burdens. The anti-cancer treatment completion rate and response rate were not different between two group (87.1% in TB treatment patients vs. 92.2% in lung cancer patients, 77.4% in TB treatment patients vs. 88.2% in lung cancer patients, respectively). The anti-tuberculosis treatment completion rate and success rate was 87.1 and 80.7%. The median survival times were not different between two groups (52 weeks in TB treatment patients vs. 57 weeks in lung cancer patients). The change in Karnofsky performance score was also not different between two groups. The most common side effect in TB treatment patients was liver injury (61.3%). The most serious side effect in TB treatment patients was leukocyte deficiency (9.7% in Grade 3). Both of side effects mentioned above were not different between two groups.ConclusionBoth anti-cancer and anti-tuberculosis treatments can be safely and effectively administered in lung cancer patients with active lung TB. Attention should be paid to the risk of tuberculosis in lung cancer patients in TB high-burden countries.
Influence of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the iStent inject® outcomes
Authors: Maier Anna-Karina B. , Arani Parisa , Pahlitzsch Milena , Davids Anja-Maria , Pilger Daniel , Klamann Matthias K. J. , Winterhalter Sibylle 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the influence of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) on iStent inject® outcomes in open-angle glaucoma (OAG).MethodsIn this retrospective comparative cohort outcome study, 66 patients who were treated with two iStent inject® devices were included. Patients were divided into two subgroups consisting of patients without SLT treatment prior to surgery and patients who had been treated previously with 360° SLT but without sufficient response. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of antiglaucoma medications after 6 weeks with three, six, 12, and 24 month follow-ups.ResultsMean preoperative IOP decreased from 20.4 ± 5.3 mmHg to 14.8 ± 3.0 mmHg for patients without SLT treatment prior to surgery (p = 0.001) and from 19.2 ± 4.5 mmHg to 14.0 ± 1.6 mmHg for patients with insufficient response to 360° SLT treatment (p = 0.027) at 12 months after iStent inject® implantation. No significant difference was found between the two groups (p >  0.05). The number of antiglaucoma medications did not change in both groups (p >  0.05) and showed no significant difference between the two groups (p >  0.05).ConclusionPrior SLT treatment seems to have no negative influence on the IOP lowering-effect of iStent inject® implantation in patients with OAG. It is therefore an appropriate incremental procedure with no exclusion criterion for an iStent inject® implantation.
A case of dense pigment deposition of the posterior lens capsule
Authors: Trampuž Igor Šivec 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is a well-known entity which can lead to pigmentary glaucoma (PG). This case report presents a rare presentation of PG with bilateral dense pigment deposits of the posterior lens capsule.Case presentationA 72-year-old male came for his first appointment due to an asymmetric worsening of visual acuity. The examination showed unilaterally severely increased intraocular pressure, bilateral dense pigment deposition of the posterior lens capsule, and a shallow unilateral optic disk excavation. Gonioscopy revealed moderate pigmentation of the angle and a concave configuration of the peripheral iris in both eyes. The standard slit lamp examination showed no transillumination defects of either iris. Optical coherence tomography showed retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in the peripapillary and macular regions. An antiglaucoma medication was prescribed with a good lowering effect.ConclusionPigment deposition of the posterior lens capsule, which has been rarely reported, is a possible important sign of PDS or PG.
Effect of biomechanical properties on myopia: a study of new corneal biomechanical parameters
Authors: Han Fang , Li Mengdi , Wei Pinghui , Ma Jiaonan , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
To assess the corneal stress-strain index (SSI), which is a marker for material stiffness and corneal biomechanical parameters, in myopic eyes.

Methods
A total of 1054 myopic patients were included in this study. Corneal visualisation Scheimpflug technology was used to measure the SSI. Corneal biomechanics were assessed using the first and second applanation times (A1-and A2-times); maximum deflection amplitude (DefAmax); deflection area (HCDefArea); the highest concavity peak distance (HC-PD), time (HC-time), and deflection amplitude (HC-DefA); integrated radius (IR); whole eye movement (WEM); stiffness parameter (SP-A1;, biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (BIOP); and Corvis biomechanical index (CBI). Scheimpflug tomography was used to obtain the mean keratometery (Km) and central corneal thickness (CCT). According to the spherical equivalent (SE) (low myopia: SE ≥ − 3.00D and high myopia: SE ≤ − 6.00D.), the suitable patients were divided into two groups.

Results
The mean SSI value was 0.854 ± 0.004. The SSI had a positive correlation with A1-time ((r = 0.272), HC-time (r = 0.218), WEM (r = 0.288), SP-A1 (r = 0.316), CBI (r = 0.199), CCT (r = 0.125), bIOP (r = 0.230), and SE (r = 0.313) (all p-values<0.01). The SSI had a negative correlation with HCDefA (r = − 0.721), HCDefArea (r = − 0.665), HC-PD(r = − 0.597), IR (r = − 0.555), DefAmax (r = − 0.564), and Km (r = − 0.103) (all p-values<0.01). There were significant differences in SSI (t = 8.960, p<0.01) and IR (t = − 3.509, p<0.01) between the low and high myopia groups.

Conclusions
In different grades of myopia, the SSI values were lower in eyes with higher SEs. It indicates that the mechanical strength of the cornea may be compromised in high myopia. The SSI was positively correlated with the spherical equivalent, and it may provide a new way to study the mechanism of myopia.
Predictors of child resilience in a community-based cohort facing flood as natural disaster
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Mughal Muhammad Kashif , Giallo Rebecca , Kingston Dawn 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundNatural disasters are unpredictable and uncontrollable events that usually induce significant level of stress and social disruption in afflicted individuals. The consequences are formidable, affecting lifetime health and economic prosperity. Among natural disasters, floods are the most common causes and tend to have the highest economic burden. The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with child resilience in the face of the natural disaster experienced by the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada during its unprecedented flood of 2013.MethodsThe current study was conducted in a community-based cohort situated in the city of Calgary. The participants were recruited out of the All Our Families longitudinal cohort within the Cummings School of Medicine at the University of Calgary. Of the total 1711 people contacted, 469 people consented and completed questionnaire. Of those 469 who consented to be part of the study, 467 were eligible to be included for analysis. A flood impact questionnaire was delivered 6 months after the 2013 flood in families whose children were an average of 3 years old. Mother reported questionnaires were used to assess child resilience. The study included maternal data on a range of factors including socio-demographic, history of mental health, relationship with the partner and social support. Child related data were also incorporated into the study, and variables included delivery mode, child sex, and child age at the time of disaster.ResultsChild resilience was best predicted by mother’s age and social support, and by child gender, the child’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors and the Rothbart temperament scale: effortful control. Furthermore, this study revealed that children who were more exposed to the flood events, showed higher resilience compared to the children who were less or not exposed.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the risk and protective factors that predict child resilience and suggest that mother reported questionnaire are useful tools to assess child resilience amidst early life adversity.
Association of dietary fatty acids and the incidence risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Prospective Study
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Houshialsadat Zeinab , Bahadoran Zahra , Khalili-Moghadam Sajad , Sheikholeslami Farhad , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Considering the inconsistent available findings regarding the cardioprotective effect of dietary fatty acid composition, we prospectively examined the feasible association between the dietary fatty acids and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in framework of the population-based Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Methods
A total of 2369 participants (19–70 years, 43.5% men) without CVD at baseline (2006–2008) were included and followed-up for 6.7 years. Fatty acids’ dietary intake was estimated using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The CVD incidence risk across tertiles of dietary fatty acids was predicted via Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results
The average age and body mass index of the included population were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline. Over 6.7 years of follow-up, 79 cases of CVD were detected. The risk of CVD was lower in upper tertile of monounsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid + eicosapentaenoic acid among the tertiles. No significant associations were found between total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids’ intake, and CVD.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the dietary fatty acid composition might affect the incidence risk of CVD within the Iranian population.
COVID-19 mortality risk for older men and women
Authors: Yanez N. David , Weiss Noel S. , Romand Jacques-André , Treggiari Miriam M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Case-fatality from COVID-19 has been reported to be relatively high in patients age 65 years or older. We sought to determine the age-specific rates of COVID-19 mortality at the population level.

Methods
We obtained information regarding the total number of COVID-19 reported deaths for six consecutive weeks beginning at the 50th recorded death, among 16 countries that reported a relatively high number of COVID-19 cases as of April 12, 2020. We performed an ecological study to model COVID-19 mortality rates per week by age group (54 years or younger, 55–64 years, and 65 years or older) and sex using a Poisson mixed effects regression model.

Results
Over the six-week period of data, there were 178,568 COVID-19 deaths from a total population of approximately 2.4 billion people. Age and sex were associated with COVID-19 mortality. Compared with individuals ages 54 years or younger, the incident rate ratio (IRR) was 8.1, indicating that the mortality rate of COVID-19 was 8.1 times higher (95%CI = 7.7, 8.5) among those 55 to 64 years, and more than 62 times higher (IRR = 62.1; 95%CI = 59.7, 64.7) among those ages 65 or older. Mortality rates from COVID-19 were 77% higher in men than in women (IRR = 1.77, 95%CI = 1.74, 1.79).

Conclusions
In the 16 countries examined, persons age 65 years or older had strikingly higher COVID-19 mortality rates compared to younger individuals, and men had a higher risk of COVID-19 death than women.
Gender differences in managers’ attitudes towards employees with depression: a cross-sectional study in Sweden
Authors: Mangerini Ilaria , Bertilsson Monica , de Rijk Angelique , Hensing Gunnel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Depression is prevalent among employees and a major reason for sickness absence. First-line managers’ attitudes towards employees with depression might influence return to work and the scant literature indicates gender differences in attitudes. The objective of this study was to investigate gender differences in managers’ attitudes to employees with depression.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4737 Swedish managers in 2017 (response rate 71%, n = 3358). Attitudes towards depression were measured with the instrument “Managerial stigma towards employees with depression” (12 items). The response patterns of women and men, the level of stigma and the direction of the gender differences were investigated with independent t tests and binary logistic regression analyses with covariates.

Results
The likelihood of reporting high negative attitudes (score ≥ 36) was lower among women than men (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.10) after adjusting for age, level of education, work sector, distribution of women and men among the staff, current workplace experience in management, lifetime experience in management, managerial position and presence of staff members at the current workplace who had depression and/or anxiety disorders.

Conclusions
Based on these findings, a gender-sensitive approach is suggested for future interventions to improve managers’ attitudes towards employees with depression and other mental disorders.
Polymorphisms in the airway epithelium related genes CDHR3 and EMSY are associated with asthma susceptibility
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Chen Guo , Wang Yu , Wu Shou-Quan , Sandford Andrew J. , He Jian-Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs a main line of defense of the respiratory tract, the airway epithelium plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.CDHR3andEMSYwere reported to be expressed in the human airway epithelium. Although previous genome-wide association studies found that the two genes were associated with asthma susceptibility, similar observations have not been made in the Chinese Han population.MethodsA total of 300 asthma patients and 418 healthy controls unrelated Chinese Han individuals were enrolled. Tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (Tag-SNPs) were genotyped and the associations between SNPs and asthma risk were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding factors, the A allele of rs3847076 inCDHR3was associated with increased susceptibility to asthma (OR = 1.407, 95% CI: 1.030–1.923). For theEMSYgene, the T alleles of both rs2508746 and rs12278256 were related with decreased susceptibility to asthma (additive model: OR = 0.718, 95% CI: 0.536–0.961; OR = 0.558, 95% CI: 0.332–0.937, respectively). In addition, the GG genotype of rs1892953 showed an association with increased asthma risk under the recessive model (OR = 1.667, 95% CI: 1.104–2.518) and the GATCTGAGT haplotype inEMSYwas associated with reduced asthma risk (P = 0.037).ConclusionsThis study identified novel associations of rs3847076 inCDHR3, as well as rs1892953, rs2508746 and rs12278256 inEMSYwith adult asthma susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Our observations suggest thatCDHR3andEMSYmay play important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma in Chinese individuals. Further study with larger sample size is needed.
Sternal cavernous hemangioma and reconstruction of the anterior chest wall: a case report
Authors: Fernández-Trujillo Liliana , Sangiovanni Saveria , Morales Eliana I. , Marin Valeria , Sua Luz F. , Velasquez Mauricio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The sternum is considered an unusual tumor site, corresponding to 15% of all thoracic wall tumors. Primary sternal tumors are even rarer and most commonly malignant. We present the case of a young man who consulted with a painful sternal mass, which after its resection is confirmed to be a cavernous hemangioma.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old man, with unremarkable medical history besides a 2-year-long sternal pain, non-irradiated, which worsens over the last few months and is accompanied by the appearance of a sternal palpable mass. On physical exam, there was a bulging of the sternal manubrium, with no inflammatory changes. Thoracic CT scan shows an expansive and lytic lesion of the sternum, compromising the manubrium and extending to the third sternocostal joint, without intrathoracic compromise nor cleavage plane with mediastinal vascular structures. The patient is taken to resection of the mass and sternal reconstruction using prosthetic material and pectoral and fasciocutaneous muscular flaps. Histopathological findings: cavernous hemangioma with negative borders and no other malignant findings.

Conclusions
Sternal hemangiomas can cause defects in the bone structure and show an expansive growth, challenging the differentiation between a benign or malignant lesion. Therefore, they should be considered malignant until shown otherwise. Management involves radical surgery with curative purposes and posterior reconstruction to improve quality of life, as shown with our patient.
Larval habitats and species diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in West Azerbaijan Province, Northwestern Iran
Authors: Amini Mojtaba , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Aghapour Ali Ahmad , Chavshin Ali Reza 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics of a larval habitat is an important factor which affects the breeding pattern and population growth of mosquitoes Information about the larval habitat characteristics and pupal productivity can be utilized for the surveillance of the level of population growth, species diversity, and preferred breeding sites of mosquitoes, which are important aspects of integrated vector control. In the present study, mosquito larvae were collected from 22 natural habitats in five counties of the West Azerbaijan Province in the Northwest of Iran during May–November 2018. Physicochemical characteristics of the habitats were investigated. These included alkalinity, chloride (Cl) content, water temperature (°C), turbidity (NTU), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (ppm), Electrical Conductivity (EC) (μS/cm), and acidity (pH). The index of affinity between the collected species was calculated using Fager & McGowan test.ResultsA total of 2715 specimens were collected and identified. Seven different species belonging to four genera were identified in our study sites. The species included, Culex pipiensLinnaeus 1758,Culex theileriTheobald 1903, Culex mimeticusNoé 1899,Culex modestusFicalbi 1947, Culiseta longiareolataMacquart 1838, Anopheles maculipennisMeigen 1818complex, andAedes caspiusPallas 1771. There was a significant difference in chloride content and water temperature preferences among the different species (P < 0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in pH, Alkalinity, Turbidity, TDS, and EC preferences among the different species (P > 0.05). The affinity between the pair of species Cx. mimeticus/Cs. longiareolata was 0.526. There was no affinity between other pairs of species or the affinity was very weak.ConclusionsThe physicochemical and biological characteristics of mosquito larval habitats play an important role in zoning of areas suitable for breeding and distribution. Surveillance of these characteristics can provide valuable information for entomological monitoring of mosquito vectors and for designing targeted control programs. Also, further studies should be undertaken in a wider geographical area, taking into account the complex characteristics of the physicochemical and ecological factors of the study area and their interaction with various mosquito species.