bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive and scalable quantification of splicing differences with MntJULiP
Authors: Yang Guangyu , Sabunciyan Sarven , Florea Liliana 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlternative splicing of mRNA is an essential gene regulatory mechanism with important roles in development and disease. We present MntJULiP, a method for comprehensive and accurate quantification of splicing differences between two or more conditions. MntJULiP implements novel Dirichlet-multinomial and zero-inflated negative binomial models within a Bayesian framework to detect both changes in splicing ratios and in absolute splicing levels of introns with high accuracy, and can find classes of variation overlooked by reference tools. Additionally, a mixture model allows multiple conditions to be compared simultaneously. Highly scalable, it processed hundreds of GTEx samples in <1 hour to reveal splicing constituents of tissue differentiation.
Pausing after clap reduces power required to fling wings apart at low Reynolds number
Authors: Kasoju Vishwa T. , Santhanakrishnan Arvind 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe smallest flying insects such as thrips (body length < 2 mm) are challenged with needing to move in air at chord-based Reynolds number (Rec) on the order of 10. Pronounced viscous dissipation at such lowRecrequires considerable energetic expenditure for tiny insects to stay aloft. Free-flying thrips flap their densely bristled wings at large stroke amplitudes, bringing both wings in close proximity of each other at the end of upstroke (‘clap’) and moving their wings apart at the start of downstroke (‘fling’). From high-speed videos of free-flying thrips, we observed that their forewings remain clapped for approximately 10% of the wingbeat cycle before start of fling. We sought to examine if there are aerodynamic advantages associated with pausing wing motion after clap and before fling atRec=10. A dynamically scaled robotic clap-and-fling platform was used to measure lift and drag forces generated by physical models of non-bristled (solid) and bristled wing pairs for pause times ranging between 0% to 41% of the cycle. In both solid and bristled wings, varying pause time showed no effect on average force coefficients generated within each half-stroke. This was supported by nearly identical time-variation of circulation of the leading and trailing edge vortices for different pause times. At smaller pause times, bristled wings showed larger reduction of cycle-averaged drag coefficient as compared to that of solid wings. For a given wing design (solid or bristled), the ratio of cycle-averaged lift coefficient to cycle-averaged drag coefficient was unchanged across different pause times. We observed 13.5% drop in cycle-averaged power coefficient and 3% drop in cycle-averaged lift coefficient when moving from 0% pause to 9% pause duration. Our results suggest that pausing at the end of clap can be beneficial for reducing the power required to fling, with a small reduction in lift.
Management of Acute Appendicitis in Children during Coronavirus Disease-2019, a Perspective of Pediatric Surgeons from South Asia
Authors: Hannan Md Jafrul , Parveen Mosammat Kohinoor , Hoque Md Mozammel , Chowdhury Tanvir Kabir , Hasan Md Samiul , Nandy Alak 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundNon-operative treatment (NOT) of pediatric appendicitis as opposed to surgery elicits great debate and is potentially influenced by physician preferences. Owing to the effects of the COVID pandemic on healthcare, the practice of NOT has generally increased by necessity and may, in a post-COVID world, change surgeons’ perceptions of NOT.ObjectiveThe objective was to determine whether the use of NOT has increased in usage in South Asia and whether these levels of practice would be sustained after the pandemic subside.MethodsA survey was conducted by pediatric surgeons regarding their position, institute, country, number of appendicitis cases managed, and their mode of treatment between identical time periods in 2019 and 2020 (April 1 to August 31). It also directly posed the question as to whether they would continue with the COVID imposed level of NOT after the effect of pandemic diminishes.ResultsA total of 134 responses were collected. A significant increase in the practice of NOT was observed for the entire cohort, although no effect was observed when grouped by country or institute. When grouped by position, seniors increased the practice of NOT the most, while juniors reported the least change. The data suggests that only professors would be inclined to maintain the COVID level of NOT practice after the pandemic.ConclusionsIncreased practice of NOT during the COVID pandemic was observed in South Asia, particularly by senior surgeons. Only professors appear inclined to consider maintaining this increased level of practice in the post-COVID world.
HybPhaser: a workflow for the detection and phasing of hybrids in target capture datasets
Authors: Nauheimer Lars , Weigner Nicholas , Joyce Elizabeth , Crayn Darren , Clarke Charles , Nargar Katharina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPremise of the studyHybrids contain divergent alleles that can confound phylogenetic analyses but can provide insights into reticulated evolution when identified and phased. We developed a workflow to detect hybrids in target capture datasets and phase reads into parental lineages using a similarity and phylogenetic framework.MethodsWe used Angiosperms353 target capture data forNepenthesincluding known hybrids to test the novel workflow. Reference mapping was used to assess heterozygous sites across the dataset, detect hybrid accessions and paralogous genes. Hybrid samples were phased by mapping reads to multiple references and sorting reads according to similarity. Phased accessions were included in the phylogenetic framework.ResultsAll knownNepentheshybrids and nine more samples had high levels of heterozygous sites, reads associated with multiple divergent clades, and were phased into accessions resembling divergent haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis including phased accessions increased clade support and confirmed parental lineages of hybrids.DiscussionHybPhaser provides a novel approach to detect and phase hybrids in target capture datasets, which can provide insights into reticulations by revealing origins of hybrids and reduce conflicting signal leading to more robust phylogenetic analyses.
Meta-Analysis Identifies Pleiotropic Loci Controlling Phenotypic Trade-offs in Sorghum
Authors: Mural Ravi V. , Grzybowski Marcin , Miao Chenyong , Damke Alyssa , Sapkota Sirjan , Boyles Richard E. , Fernandez Maria G. Salas , Schnable Patrick S. , Sigmon Brandi , Kresovich Stephen , Schnable James C. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTCommunity association populations are composed of phenotypically and genetically diverse accessions. Once these populations are genotyped, the resulting marker data can be reused by different groups investigating the genetic basis of different traits. Because the same genotypes are observed and scored for a wide range of traits in different environments, these populations represent a unique resource to investigate both pleiotropy and genotype by environment interactions. Here we assembled a set of 234 separate trait datasets for the Sorghum Association Panel, a group of 406 sorghum genotypes widely employed by the sorghum genetics community. Comparison of genome wide association studies conducted with two independently generated marker sets for this population demonstrate that existing genetic marker sets do not saturate the genome and likely capture only 35-43% of potentially detectable loci controlling variation for traits scored in this population. While limited evidence for pleiotropy was apparent in cross-GWAS comparisons, a multivariate adaptive shrinkage approach recovered both known pleiotropic effects of existing loci and new pleiotropic effects, particularly significant impacts of known dwarfing genes on root architecture. In addition, we identified new loci with pleiotropic effects consistent with known trade-offs in sorghum development. These results demonstrate the potential for mining existing trait datasets from widely used community association populations to enable new discoveries from existing trait datasets as new, denser genetic marker datasets are generated for existing community association populations.
The Regulatory Evolution of the Primate Fine-Motor System
Authors: Wirthlin Morgan , Kaplow Irene M. , Lawler Alyssa J. , He Jing , Phan BaDoi N. , Brown Ashley R. , Stauffer William R. , Pfenning Andreas R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn mammals, fine motor control is essential for skilled behavior, and is subserved by specialized subdivisions of the primary motor cortex (M1) and other components of the brain’s motor circuitry. We profiled the epigenomic state of several components of the Rhesus macaque motor system, including subdivisions of M1 corresponding to hand and orofacial control. We compared this to open chromatin data from M1 in rat, mouse, and human. We found broad similarities as well as unique specializations in open chromatin regions (OCRs) between M1 subdivisions and other brain regions, as well as species- and lineage-specific differences reflecting their evolutionary histories. By distinguishing shared mammalian M1 OCRs from primate- and human-specific specializations, we highlight gene regulatory programs that could subserve the evolution of skilled motor behaviors such as speech and tool use.
TGS1 controls snRNA 3’ end processing, prevents neurodegeneration and ameliorates SMN-dependent neurological phenotypes in vivo
Authors: Chen Lu , Roake Caitlin M. , Maccallini Paolo , Bavasso Francesca , Dehghannasiri Roozbeh , Santonicola Pamela , Mendoza-Ferreira Natalia , Scatolini Livia , Rizzuti Ludovico , Esposito Alessandro , Gallotta Ivan , Francia Sofia , Cacchione Stefano , Galati Alessandra , Palumbo Valeria , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Colantoni Alessio , Proietti Gabriele , Wu Yunming , Hammerschmidt Matthias , De Pittà Cristiano , Sales Gabriele , Salzman Julia , Pellizzoni Livio , Wirth Brunhilde , Schiavi Elia Di , Gatti Maurizio , Artandi Steven E. , Raffa Grazia D. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTTrimethylguanosine synthase 1 (TGS1) is a highly conserved enzyme that converts the 5’ mono-methylguanosine cap of snRNAs to a trimethylguanosine cap. Here, we show that loss of TGS1 in C. elegans, D. melanogaster and D. rerio results in neurological phenotypes similar to those caused by Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) deficiency. Importantly, expression of human TGS1 ameliorates the SMN-dependent neurological phenotypes in both flies and worms, revealing that TGS1 can partly counteract the effects of SMN deficiency. TGS1 loss in HeLa cells leads to the accumulation of immature U2 and U4atac snRNAs with long 3’ tails that are often uridylated. snRNAs with defective 3’ terminations also accumulate in Drosophila Tgs1 mutants. Consistent with defective snRNA maturation, TGS1 and SMN mutant cells also exhibit partially overlapping transcriptome alterations that include aberrantly spliced and readthrough transcripts. Together, these results identify a neuroprotective function for TGS1 and reinforce the view that defective snRNA maturation affects neuronal viability and function.
The role of model bias in predicting volatility: evidence from the US equity markets
Authors: Li Yan , Luo Lian , Liang Chao , Ma Feng 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether the out-of-sample model bias plays an important role in predicting volatility.Design/methodology/approachUnder the heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility (HAR-RV) framework, we analyze the predictive power of out-of-sample model bias for the realized volatility (RV) of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJI) and the S&P 500 (SPX) indices from in-sample and out-of-sample perspectives respectively.FindingsThe in-sample results reveal that the prediction model including the model bias can obtain biggerR2, and the out-of-sample empirical results based on several evaluation methods suggest that the prediction model incorporating model bias can improve forecast accuracy for the RV of the DJI and the SPX indices. That is, model bias can enhance the predictability of original HAR family models.Originality/valueThe author introduce out-of-sample model bias into HAR family models to enhance model capability in predicting realized volatility.
The path of support-to-sales: mediating role of seller collaborative information exchange in social commerce
Authors: Chen Li , Zhu Fengxia , Mantrala Murali 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to systematically investigate the direct and indirect effects of four types of support – peer instrumental support, peer emotional support, platform business support and platform communication support – on seller trade volume in social commerce. It also aims to uncover the path of support-to-sales of the seller from a platform perspective and provides a more complete picture of the social commerce phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses multi-source data including primary survey data and secondary data on trade volume to test the hypotheses. PROCESS mediation model is used to analyze the multi-source data set.

Findings
This study finds that the positive effects of peer instrumental support, platform business support and platform communication support on seller trade volume are fully mediated by seller collaborative information exchange. Also, peer emotional support has a significant negative effect on seller trade volume and collaborative information exchange can serve as a buffer to mitigate the negative effect.

Research limitations/implications
The authors provide new insights into what types of support are or are not conducive to improving transaction volume of individual sellers and highlight the mediating role of seller information exchange in this value generation process in social commerce. These findings advance current knowledge of how seller interactions increase value in social commerce. The chosen research setting may limit the generalizability of the findings of this study.

Practical implications
This paper offers valuable implications for social commerce platforms on how to better serve their sellers to achieve high growth. Specifically, the findings suggest that platforms should encourage instrumental support and information exchange among peer sellers. In addition, platforms should expand seller support from a single-focus on sellers’ business to a dual-focus on both sellers’ business and socialization in social commerce.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills an identified need to study how sellers can better derive value from the social interactions and how social commerce platforms can effectively influence transactions, support sales and serve as a selling platform.
Tempered radicalism as an approach to revisiting indigenous forms of critical human resource development
Authors: Osafo Emmanuel , Yawson Robert Mayfield 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to present a conceptual framework to guide the design, development, implementation and evaluation of education and human resource development (HRD) efforts in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper draws on the concept of a tempered radical approach to provide a framework for a critical HRD (CHRD) and explore ways by which this view can contribute to developing HR who possess the requisite tools and character to function efficiently in the 21st century and beyond. This paper followed a multidisciplinary integrated literature review approach. This paper also reviewed relevant models and theories that align with the goals of this research to provide a broader view of the problems with HRD in Ghana and to help develop a framework that seeks to provide a sustainable guide for those involved in HRD activities in Ghana.

Findings
A positive outcome from the synergistic alignment between modern science and indigenous ecological knowledge moderated by the principles of CHRD will result in economic growth and development. HRD’s contribution to economic growth and development and its consequential benefit to the actors will depend on how best CHRD goals are accomplished.

Practical implications
The mediating role of the tempered radicalism will help modify the swiftness with which education and HRD programs are executed in Ghana.

Originality/value
This paper presented the tempered radicalism approach as the quintessential model for education and HRD initiatives in Ghana. The application of tempered radicalism in HRD literature is novel.
Trust initiation and development in SME-university collaborations: implications for enabling engaged scholarship
Authors: Darabi Fariba , Saunders Mark N.K. , Clark Murray 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore trust initiation and development in collaborations between universities and small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the implications for enabling engaged scholarship (ES).Design/methodology/approachAdopting a qualitative inductive approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive maximum variation sample comprising 14 SMEs and 12 university stakeholders.FindingsThe authors highlight the role of calculus-based trust in the initiation of collaborations emphasising the key roles of networking and referrals. As collaborations develop, reciprocal insights regarding stakeholders’ competencies and integrity and the development of knowledge-based trust can support engagement, in particular, knowledge application. Although relationships have a common sense of purpose, a fully engaged campus remains absent.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is based on a collaborative research between eight SMEs and one university business school and does not reflect ES fully as conceptualised. It provides few insights into the role of trust (or distrust) in such collaborations where things go wrong.Practical implicationsUniversities looking to enable ES collaborations with SMEs need to develop and enact strategies which support ongoing engagement and enable identification-based trust (IBT). Recommendations for universities and human resource development regarding interventions to support trust initiation and development to enable knowledge application ES are outlined and suggestions are offered for future research.Social implicationsUniversity strategies to support the development of trust and, in particular, IBT are likely to benefit longer-term relationships and the development of ES between SMEs and universities.Originality/valueLittle research has been undertaken on trust initiation and development between academic and SME stakeholders or the associated implications for ES.
Challenges in successful implementation of Digital contact tracing to curb COVID-19 from global citizen’s perspective: a text analysis study
Authors: S.V. Praveen , Ittamalla Rajesh , Subramanian Dhilip 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The word “digital contact tracing” is often met with different reactions: the reaction that passionately supports it, the reaction that neither supports nor oppose and the one that vehemently opposes it. Those who support the notion of digital contact tracing vouch for its effectiveness and how the complicated process can be made simpler by implementing digital contact tracing, and those who oppose it often criticize the imminent threats it possesses. However, without earning the support of a large population, it would be difficult for any government to implement digital contact tracing to perfection. The purpose of this paper is to analyze, using machine learning, how different continents have different sentiments over digital contact tracing being used as a measure to curb COVID-19.

Design/methodology/approach
For the analysis, data were collected from Twitter. Tweets that contain the hashtag and the word “digital contact tracing” were crawled using Python library Tweepy. Tweets across countries of four continents were collected from March 2020 to August 2020. In total, 70,212 tweets were used for this study. Using the machine learning algorithm, the authors detected the sentiment of all the tweets belonging to each continent. Structural topic modeling was used to understand the overall significant issues people voice out by global citizens while sharing their opinions on digital contact tracing.

Findings
This study was conducted in two parts. Study one results show that North American and European citizens share more negative sentiments toward “digital contact tracing.” The citizens of the Asian and South American continent mostly share neutral sentiments regarding the digital contact tracing. Overall, only 33% of total tweets were positively related to contact tracing, whereas 52% of the total tweets were neutral. Study two results show that factors such as fear of government using contact tracing to spy on its people, the feeling of being unsafe and contact tracing being used to promote an agenda were the three major issues concerning the overall general public.

Originality/value
Despite numerous studies being conducted about how to implement the contact tracing efficiently, minimal studies were done to explore the possibility and challenges in implementing it. This study fills the gap.
How reviewer level affects review helpfulness and reviewing behavior across hotel classifications: the case of Seoul in Korea
Authors: Hlee Sunyoung 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the effect of reviewer qualification and credibility (RQC) and hotel classification involving online hotel reviews (OHRs). The study examines the effects of the reviewer level as a proxy of RQC on review helpfulness and reviewing behavior (review rating, review length). The study also included hotel classification as a moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachData from 1,968 reviews were collected from TripAdvisor.com using a web data-harvesting technique. Hypothesized relations in the model were tested with t-test and MANOVA analysis.FindingsThe empirical results show that the effect of reviewer level on review helpfulness is not significant. In addition, a high-level reviewer tends to leave a lower rating and a lengthier review than a low-level reviewer. Regarding the moderating effects, for the high-level reviewer, three-star independent hotels have a greater effect on review helpfulness.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has several useful implications for researchers, hotel industry when managing OHR and disseminating information to their potential consumers.Practical implicationsThe findings help online review website organizers manage the operation of RQC and hotel classification in a proper manner. Marketing managers, especially those of three-star independent hotels, can effectively utilize review management to the desired effect.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies, this study explores the effect of RQC on review helpfulness and reviewing behaviors across the hotel classification. In addition, this study contributes to the hotel industry developing more effective online reviews from the reviewer level and diverse hotel types (three-star independent, four-star chain, five-star luxury hotels).