bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancient Etymology and the Enigma of Okeanos
Authors: Bouchard Elsa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOkeanos is at once a mythological figure and a philosophical concept appearing in many ancient accounts of the world. A frequent object of allegoresis, his cosmological role and his name posed an enigma to Homer’s readers, especially those with a rationalizing bent. This paper proposes that the paradoxical representation of Okeanos as a primordial generative power and a geographical limit may be explained by the influence of etymological speculation, which was a popular heuristic method used by Greek intellectuals from the archaic period throughout antiquity.
Inverse Analysis of Concrete Meso-constitutive Model Parameters Considering Aggregate Size Effect
Authors: Guo Lixia , Li Song , Zhong Ling , Guo Lei , Wang Lunyan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The meso numerical simulation has become an important method to study the characteristics of materials; however, the key to its further application is determining the parameters of meso-constitutive model. Considering that the meso-scale parameters of materials are hard to measure, this paper took into account the aggregate size effect and proposed a meso-parameter identification method by combining random aggregate numerical simulation and genetic algorithm. First, a random aggregate model of concrete was established, and its meso-model parameters were analyzed. The Morris method was used to analyze the sensitivity of meso-component parameters to the macro-responses, and results showed that the elastic modulus of mortar matrix, interface and large aggregates had a great effect on the peak strain and that the elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and tensile strength of interface and mortar matrix, as well as the Poisson’s ratio of large aggregates and the elastic modulus of small aggregates all had an effect on the peak stress, among which the interface tensile strength produced the greatest effect. Second, a parametric inversion and optimization function was established. The uniaxial compression numerical simulation test and genetic algorithm were combined to invert the meso-parameters, and results showed that compared with the single-aggregate parameter inversion curve, the multi-aggregate inversion stress-strain curve was much closer to the measured curve. That was because the aggregates of small size had lower elastic modulus, easing the stress concentration at the interface between aggregates and cement stone, and delaying the formation and growth of cracks.
The imagination, the conscious, and the unconscious in Jean Cocteau’s La Belle et la Bête
Authors: Dalvesco Rebecca 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Charles S. Peirce’s and Sigmund Freud’s theories may be used to interpret Jean Cocteau’s film La Belle et la Bête (1946). This film has a specific set of codes which connote its filmic language. Cocteau uses fetishistic objects as symbols and icons to reflect the psychological meaning of the film’s narrative. Peirce’s icons and symbols include the connection a person may make through the conventions and expressions of language a person links with the object or idea being observed. Peirce’s semiotic theory functions as a theory of communication. His theory refocuses on culture. Freud’s theories can be linked with ideas produced by Peirce in forming sign relations with the interpretation of the film and the role of imagination in the film. Especially important are Freud’s ideas of repression, conscious and unconscious as they relate to Cocteau’s filmic narrative and the film’s main character Belle.
Die (unvollkommene) Rückkehr der Abschreckung
Authors: Rühle Michael 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Im Zuge der russischen Annexion der Krim sowie einer neuen Konkurrenz der Großmächte ist das Konzept der Abschreckung als wichtiger Bestandteil westlicher Sicherheitspolitik wieder in den Blickpunkt gerückt. Allerdings krankt die Debatte an einem Alarmismus, der einer rationalen Abschreckungsdiskussion abträglich ist. Vor allem aber krankt sie an dem Widerspruch, die Zuverlässigkeit klassischer militärischer Abschreckung in Zweifel zu ziehen, das Konzept jedoch zugleich auf die Abwehr „hybrider“ Bedrohungen ausdehnen zu wollen. Insgesamt erweckt die aktuelle Abschreckungsdebatte den Eindruck, sie diene als Ersatz für eine notwendige, wesentlich breitere Auseinandersetzung über die künftige Rolle der USA sowie über den Umgang des Westens mit seinen strategischen Konkurrenten.
Bayesian bandwidth estimation for local linear fitting in nonparametric regression models
Authors: Shang Han Lin , Zhang Xibin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a Bayesian sampling approach to bandwidth estimation for the local linear estimator of the regression function in a nonparametric regression model. In the Bayesian sampling approach, the error density is approximated by a location-mixture density of Gaussian densities with means the individual errors and variance a constant parameter. This mixture density has the form of a kernel density estimator of errors and is referred to as the kernel-form error density (c.f. Zhang, X., M. L. King, and H. L. Shang. 2014. “A Sampling Algorithm for Bandwidth Estimation in a Nonparametric Regression Model with a Flexible Error Density.”Computational Statistics & Data Analysis78: 218–34.). While (Zhang, X., M. L. King, and H. L. Shang. 2014. “A Sampling Algorithm for Bandwidth Estimation in a Nonparametric Regression Model with a Flexible Error Density.”Computational Statistics & Data Analysis78: 218–34) use the local constant (also known as the Nadaraya-Watson) estimator to estimate the regression function, we extend this to the local linear estimator, which produces more accurate estimation. The proposed investigation is motivated by the lack of data-driven methods for simultaneously choosing bandwidths in the local linear estimator of the regression function and kernel-form error density. Treating bandwidths as parameters, we derive an approximate (pseudo) likelihood and a posterior. A simulation study shows that the proposed bandwidth estimation outperforms the rule-of-thumb and cross-validation methods under the criterion of integrated squared errors. The proposed bandwidth estimation method is validated through a nonparametric regression model involving firm ownership concentration, and a model involving state-price density estimation.
Are multifractal processes suited to forecasting electricity price volatility? Evidence from Australian intraday data
Authors: Segnon Mawuli , Lau Chi Keung , Wilfling Bernd , Gupta Rangan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We analyze Australian electricity price returns and find that they exhibit volatility clustering, long memory, structural breaks, and multifractality. Consequently, we let the return mean equation follow two alternative specifications, namely (i) a smooth transition autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average (STARFIMA) process, and (ii) a Markov-switching autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average (MSARFIMA) process. We specify volatility dynamics via a set of (i) short- and long-memory GARCH-type processes, (ii) Markov-switching (MS) GARCH-type processes, and (iii) a Markov-switching multifractal (MSM) process. Based on equal and superior predictive ability tests (using MSE and MAE loss functions), we compare the out-of-sample relative forecasting performance of the models. We find that the (multifractal) MSM volatility model keeps up with the conventional GARCH- and MSGARCH-type specifications. In particular, the MSM model outperforms the alternative specifications, when using the daily squared return as a proxy for latent volatility.
Differing interests in the management of multilingualism in Czech higher education
Authors: Sherman Tamah 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper is devoted to several ways in which the language of instruction in Czech universities is managed. One of the key issues in this context is the fact that programs accredited in the Czech language are tuition-free, while those in foreign languages are paid. On the one hand, it is deemed desirable by certain actors to integrate greater numbers of students from abroad, conform to the discourse of internationalization, and even earn money through courses in English. On the other hand, it is also viewed as necessary by other actors to cultivate the Czech language and provide a solid education for local students. These multiple and often opposing interests, as well as a number of language ideologies, guide individual management acts. Utilizing the language management framework (Jernudd/Neustupný 1987; Fairbrother/Nekvapil/Sloboda 2018), I explore three selected examples of the management of the language of instruction. In the first, I show how many Czech university programs are accredited in the Czech language, but offer many classes in English. In the second, I examine one case of financial motivation for foreign-language courses through university teaching development projects. In the third, I point to the differences between the language of accreditation of some Ph.D. programs and the languages actually used in their realization. Finally, I consider the fact that all of these cases of management involve some sort of compromise between the interests of certain groups, which means that the only way forward is an increased awareness of all aspects of the management processes.
Die Universität Luxemburg: eine dreisprachige Universität?
Authors: Wagner Melanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Luxembourg is officially a trilingual country with most indigenous Luxembourgers speaking Luxembourgish, German and French, even if not necessarily all to the same standard. A high proportion (44.5 %) of the population consists of immigrants whose different linguistic repertoires add other languages to the multilingual landscape of the country. Multilingualism is a highly salient feature of Luxembourg’s society and plays out differently in different domains, such as home, school, work or public institutions. The country’s university, the University of Luxembourg, founded in 2003, is one of Luxembourg’s multilingual institutions, with English, French and German as official languages but with currently no explicit language policy. Study schemes and diplomas should be at least bilingual and students as well as staff should master at least two of the official languages. Neither the country’s national language Luxembourgish, nor the language of the proportionally highest migrant community Portuguese are part of the university’s languages. Due to the lack of an explicit and official document regarding the University of Luxembourg’s language policy and planning, in this chapter, I will focus on the current language situation in the areas of teaching, research and administration. After looking into the use of different languages in these domains and studying the existing guidelines regarding language use, I will identify the different actors responsible for and influencing the language planning and policy at the University of Luxembourg and situate them on the micro, meso and macro level.
The university as a terrain for hidden language conflicts? German, English and the silence beyond them
Authors: Dannerer Monika 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, language policy (LP) at the University of Salzburg (Austria), a mid-size seemingly monolingual university, serves as an example to analyse (potential) language conflicts at the institutional level considering the roles played by German, English and ‘immigrant’ languages at the university. Language management, beliefs, and (reported) language use by different stakeholders in higher education (administrators, academic and administrative staff and students) are contrasted, also taking into consideration different linguistic backgrounds (German as L1, German as L2 and German as a foreign language). This offers an overall perspective on institutional LP that is still group sensitive, one that reveals two different hidden language conflicts: the non-addressed conflict between the two most important and visible languages at the university by far, German and English, as well as the neglected and negated conflict between German and the hidden “immigrant” languages. A consistent ‘internationalisation at home’ strategy would address these hidden conflicts and show backwash effects on ideas of language use in education as well as in society in general.
Corrigendum to “Achievable Multiplicity partitions in the Inverse Eigenvalue Problem of a graph” [Spec. Matrices 2019; 7:276-290.]
Authors: Adm Mohammad , Fallat Shaun , Meagher Karen , Nasserasr Shahla , Plosker Sarah , Yang Boting 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe correct an error in the original Lemma 3.4 in our paper “Achievable Multiplicity partitions in the IEVP of a graph”’ [Spec. Matrices 2019; 7:276-290.]. We have re-written Section 3 accordingly.
The ‘Cycle’ of Arignota. Sappho’s frr. 95 and 96 V.
Authors: Tsantsanoglou Kyriakos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAfter preparing a detailed new edition of Sappho’s frr. 95 and 96 V., continuously transmitted in the parchment codex P. Berol. 9722, the author proposes that they constitute a ‘cycle’ of three homometric poems with a common theme articulated in successive episodes (i. 95, ii. 96.1–20, iii. 96.21–36). In the first, Sappho conveys her despair for her separation from her beloved pupils, Arignota being one of them. In the second, Arignota is presented in Sardis, where she excels among the Lydian women. She expresses a strong feeling of nostalgia for her stay in Lesbos with Sappho and for her beloved friend there, Atthis. In the third, Sappho addresses Atthis and, employing the mythological exemplum of Aphrodite’s love to Adonis and their distant meetings, declares that they will sail to the port of Geraistion in Asia Minor’s Aegean coast, whence they will travel to Sardis for meeting their old friend. The author also meditates on the possibility that the name Ἀριγνώτα (= ‘One-easy-to-be-known, Easy-to-identify’), is a renaming by Sappho of Ἀρύηνιc, the daughter of the Lydian king Alyattes, who is yearning to see her old teacher and her childhood girlfriend before her marriage to Astyages, son of Kyaxares, king of the Medes. The marriage was negotiated for ending a many years war between the two nations, a peace that coincided with the eclipse of the sun, usually dated on May 28, 585 BC.
Die Tiny House Bewegung und ihre Rolle im Tourismus
Authors: Grassinger Bibiana 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird die Entwicklung der Tiny House Bewegung und ihre Rolle im Tourismus dargestellt. Er zeigt gesellschaftliche und touristische Trends auf, die die wachsende Relevanz von Tiny Houses im Tourismus erklären. Diskutiert wird eine Klassifikation der Tiny Houses innerhalb verschiedener Unterkunftsformen. Fallbeispiele von Tiny Houses als Urlaubsangebote zeigen mögliche Anwendungen im Tourismus auf. Eine ergänzende empirische Studie konzentriert sich auf Vermieter von Tiny Houses und ihre Gäste in Deutschland. Sie untersucht das Angebot touristischer Tiny Houses und geht der Frage nach, welche Zielgruppen mit welchen Motiven angesprochen werden.
New Evidence for Ugaritic and Hittite Onomastics and Prosopography at the End of the Late Bronze Age
Authors: Burlingame Andrew R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this article, data appearing in recently published Akkadian letters from the House of ʾUrtēnu (Ugarit) are applied to reach solutions to several Ugaritic onomastic and prosopographic problems. The results allow for clearer etymological evaluation of several personal names and a number of plausible prosopographic identifications, including two that are arguably relevant to Hittite prosopography and chronology. They further contribute to ongoing efforts devoted to exploring the relationship between Ḫatti and Ugarit in the final decades of the Late Bronze Age.
This study has been completed during the course of a research fellowship at the Collège de France and has been facilitated by the hospitality of Professor Thomas Römer (Chair, Milieux bibliques, Collège de France) and the library of the Institut du Proche-Orient ancien. The many helpful suggestions from Dennis Pardee, Robert Hawley, Petra Goedegebuure, Theo van den Hout, Ilya Yakubovich, Madadh Richey, and the anonymous reviewers of this article are also gratefully acknowledged here, though I bear sole responsibility for any shortcomings.
Statues and Votive Vessels from Tulūl al-Baqarāt
Authors: Bahar Awsam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The site of Tulūl al-Baqarāt in the Wasit province, Iraq, consists of a series of tells, the most prominent being TB1. Iraqi and Italian archaeological expeditions have conducted excavations at TB1, revealing a number of exceptional architectural units and a large number of ancient objects. This paper deals with stone statuary and objects with relief decoration from these excavations and presents several fragments of human or animal statues and sculptured votive vessels.
Lebensstil und Distinktion im hohen Alter: Eine Analyse sozialer Deutungsmuster und symbolischer Grenzziehungen
Authors: Geithner Luise 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der Annahme, dass Lebensstile neben der sozialen Schicht auch das Alter symbolisieren, untersucht der Beitrag das subjektive Erleben von Lebensstilveränderungen im hohen Alter, den Umgang damit sowie dabei sichtbar werdende distinktive Praktiken. Vor dem Hintergrund eines im öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Diskurs defizitär definiertenvierten Alterswerden anhand von 18 problemzentrierten Interviews mit Menschen ab 80 Jahren soziale Deutungsmuster und symbolische Grenzziehungen analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lebensstilveränderungen als Verlust erlebt werden. Im Umgang damit zeigt sich jedoch eine Ambivalenz. Einerseits wird versucht, dem hohen Alter etwas entgegenzusetzen und durch symbolische Grenzziehungen Kontinuität zum mittleren Alter herzustellen. Andererseits wird das Erfahrene wertgeschätzt und die Sorge um nachfolgende Generationen in den Mittelpunkt gestellt.
How to Negotiate Class Ambiguity: A Boundary Work Approach
Authors: Koehrsen Jens 
Published: November 2020

AbstractResearch indicates that actors increasingly engage in practices that do not match their class background. This contribution explores how actors negotiate class ambiguity through boundary work. Studying Argentinean middle-class actors participating in Pentecostalism, the article draws attention to boundary conversion as a strategy to manage class ambiguity. Deviating from the middle class with their religious affiliation, the studied Pentecostals convert existing boundaries between the Argentinean middle class and Pentecostalism into internal boundaries within Pentecostalism, creating trenches between “highbrow” middle-class and “lowbrow” mass Pentecostalism. The boundary processes point to the ongoing relevance of class distinction even among those actors that freely engage in practices at odds with their class background. As such, the results underpin the need to study not only what type of dissonant practices actors perform, but equally what boundary strategies they employ to negotiate their class belonging.
Atmosphären, Situationen und der Sport. Ein neophänomenologischer Beitrag zur soziologischen Atmosphärenforschung
Authors: Gugutzer Robert 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Text liefert einen Beitrag zur gerade erst sich entwickelnden soziologischen Atmosphärenforschung. Theoretische Grundlage hierfür ist die Neue Phänomenologie von Hermann Schmitz. Deren Stärke besteht zum einen in einem präzisen Atmosphärenbegriff, der die pathische Dimension von Atmosphären in den Mittelpunkt rückt, zum anderen in einem weiten Situationsbegriff, der über mikrosoziale Interaktionskontexte hinausweist. Anknüpfend an Schmitz lautet die zentrale These des Textes, dass Atmosphären immer in Situationen eingebettet sind. Die soziologische Fortführung dieser These besteht darin, Atmosphären ausgehend von gemeinsamen Situationen zu analysieren. Zentrales Ziel des Beitrags ist es daher, systematisch darzulegen, auf welche Weise Atmosphären in gemeinsame Situationen eingebunden sind. Dies geschieht in drei Schritten: Erstens auf einer begrifflichen Ebene, zweitens anhand einer Typologie von Situationen, die zur Identifikation und differenzierten Beschreibung von Atmosphären dient, sowie drittens mit Hilfe eines Fallbeispiels, das die Vermittlung von Situation und Atmosphäre konzeptionell erweitert. Als empirisches Bezugsfeld dient hierbei der Sport. Damit soll die soziologische Sportforschung für den Untersuchungsgegenstand „Atmosphären“ sensibilisiert werden, sind Atmosphären in diesem Forschungsfeld doch ein nahezu unbekanntes Thema. Vor allem aber haben die Ausführungen zu den situierten Atmosphären des Sports den Zweck, die empirische Evidenz der theoretischen Überlegungen nachzuweisen.
Homo homini virus? Corona als Testfall menschlicher Würde und Gottebenbildlichkeit
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag greift die zahlreichen ethischen Herausforderungen auf, die durch die Coronakrise aufgeworfen werden, und rückt sie in die Perspektive des Religionsunterrichts. In einem ersten Schritt versucht der Autor, einige der dringlichsten Herausforderungen zu identifizieren, angefangen beim Diebstahl medizinischer Schutzausrüstung bis hin zu den Belastungen durch den Lockdown. In einem zweiten Schritt werden ausgewählte Dilemma-Situationen diskutiert, zum Beispiel die sog. Triage (Auswahl derer, die eine medizinische Behandlung erhalten), die nur utilitaristisch und nicht auf der Grundlage unveräußerlicher Menschenrechte getroffen zu werden scheint, die Verteilung von Corona-bedingten Belastungen auf verschiedene Generationen sowie die Frage, ob jede Ärztin und jeder Arzt sich freiwillig für die Coronastation melden muss. In einem dritten Schritt werden diese Fragen auf das grundlegende ethische Prinzip der Menschenwürde bezogen – als einer absoluten Norm, die in der Coronakrise unhaltbar geworden zu sein scheint. Am Ende wird eine Reihe von Konsequenzen für den Religionsunterricht diskutiert.
Problèmes méthodologiques de « The Cambridge version » duRolandéditée par Wolfgang G. van Emden
Authors: Ogurisu Hitoshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract Van Emden executed numerous corrections in his edition of the Cambridge version ofThe Song of Roland(2005). However, these amendments are often insufficiently justified and cannot stand up to a rigorous and detailed examination from the standpoint of historical linguistics. In most cases, van Emden modified the text of the manuscript in order to « restore » metrically correct verses that, to his mind, should have been included according to the model followed by the Cambridge copyist. Van Emden accomplished his stated task by simultaneously rejecting and retaining modernized forms or words. Sometimes, he substituted an archaic form or word for a modernized term, even when the former had fallen into disuse long before the time the Cambridge manuscript was redacted. This paper does not merely list such contradictory or unsuccessful amendments. Instead, it shows that a common methodological problem is present in all the problematic corrections: van Emden was not entirely aware of the stage of textual evolution that he aimed to reinstate. By contrast, the author of the present paper began elaborating the methodology for his new edition of the Cambridge manuscript with precisely this question.