bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauma of the mesentery. Anatomy and diagnosis
Authors: Slavu Iulian , Tulin Adrian , Păduraru Dan , Socea Bogdan , Braga Vlad , Enciu Octavian , Alecu Lucian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Mesenteric lesions in abdominal trauma are encountered in 3% of the cases. Diagnosis of these lesions is difficult, which translates into important delays until surgery that affects patient survival. The short-term consequences of mesenteric lesions translate in bowel ischemia or important blood loss. If a lesion is confirmed after imagistic investigations, one must have complete knowledge of the anatomy and the particular distribution of the main arterial and venous trunks to predict the region of the small bowel that will have to be observed or resected if surgery is required. The aim of our study was to demonstrate this particular distribution of blood vessels through cadaver dissection and to note the resources available to diagnose such lesions.
A Rational Theory of the Rights of Children
Authors: Hersum Ian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Libertarianism has often found itself under attack from those with misplaced maternal instincts, who champion the state as the honorable protector of the vulnerable – and there is no one more in need of protection than a helpless infant. Consequently, much of the vitriol aimed at libertarianism and its laissez-faire attitude has included morbid references to child abuse and exploitation which would supposedly result from its implementation. It is therefore imperative that more work be done on the topic of children’s rights in order to reinforce the philosophical framework developed by Murray Rothbard [9] and expanded on by Walter Block and others [2], [3], [5], [6]. The purpose of this paper is to provide an independent rational foundation for the conclusions drawn by Block and co-authors [2], [5] and to expand on parts that are insufficient.
Libertarianism: A Fifty-Year Personal Retrospective
Authors: Thornton Mark 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This retrospective, covering half a century, is a personal history of modern libertarianism. It provides some historical perspective on the growth of libertarianism and its impact on society, especially for those who were born into an existing libertarian movement, including political and academic paths. As outsiders, Austrians and libertarians can expect more than their share of difficult times and roadblocks, although that situation has improved over time. It also shows the limitations of the political path to liberty and the importance of the Austrian view that society changes via emphasis on sound economic science, its practicality, and its subsequent impact on ideology. Finally, it conveys the importance of solving practical problems and puzzles via the thin, radical version of libertarianism.
Peter Singer’s “Famine, Affluence, and Morality”: Three Libertarian Refutations
Authors: Lester J. C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Peter Singer’s famous and influential article is criticised in three main ways that can be considered libertarian, although many non-libertarians could also accept them: 1) the relevant moral principle is more plausibly about upholding an implicit contract rather than globalising a moral intuition that had local evolutionary origins; 2) its principle of the immorality of not stopping bad things is paradoxical, as it overlooks the converse aspect that would be the positive morality of not starting bad things and also thereby conceptually eliminates innocence; and 3) free markets – especially international free trade – have been cogently explained to be the real solution to the global “major evils” of “poverty” and “pollution”, while “overpopulation” does not exist in free-market frameworks; hence charity is a relatively minor alleviant to the problem of insufficiently free markets. There are also various subsidiary arguments throughout.
Perception of Healthy Lifestyle Among Students of Medical Schools
Authors: Reshetnikov Andrey V. , Prisyazhnaya Nadezhda V. , Reshetnikov Vladimir A. , Efimov Ilya A. , Mikerova Maria S. , Bocharova Maria O. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction/Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate ideas and motivational attitudes of medical school students towards a healthy lifestyle and its components.

Methods: The study was conducted from March until August 2017, at the Department of Medical Sociology, Healthcare Economics and Health Insurance and at N.A. Semashko Public Health and Healthcare Department, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. We ran a medical and sociological survey in 984 randomly selected students from eight Russian medical universities.

Results: The article presents the results of the medical and sociological study aimed at assessing the ideas and motivational attitudes of medical students towards healthy lifestyle and its elements. Our research showed that students of medical schools, while recognizing the importance of preserving their own health, are still largely committed to an unhealthy lifestyle, secondly, they refuse sports activities even more often, and, thirdly, they prove not to be active enough when it comes to disease prevention and health preservation.

Conclusion: Taking into consideration the obtained results, healthy lifestyle among students of medical schools is an exception rather than common practice.
CFD Analysis of the Tractor Propulsion Concepts for an Inverted Joined Wing Airplane
Authors: Dziubiński Adam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Efficiency is a crucial parameter for an airplane to reduce both cost of operations and emission of pollutants. There are several airplane concepts that potentially allow for increasing the efficiency. A few of them were not investigated thoroughly enough yet. The inverted joined wing configuration, with the upper wing in front of the lower one is an example of such concept. Therefore, a project consisting of development of an experimental scaled demonstrator, and its wind tunnel and flight testing, was undertaken by consortium: Institute of Aviation, Warsaw University of Technology, Air Force Institute of Technology and a MSP company. Results led to a conclusion, that the inverted joined wing configuration allows to build an airplane with excellent performance, but its advantage against the conventional airplane is marginal because of large trimming drag of the configuration with relatively high position of the thrust vector in pusher configuration. It was applied because the demonstrator was a flying model of manned airplane and the tractor configuration would affect the pilot’s field of observation. However, in case of the UAV, this reason becomes insignificant. Therefore two configurations of tractor propulsion were tested to see, if their performance is better than the performance of original design.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Pasien Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Terkait Kesehatan Pada Pasien Kanker Payudara di RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Juwita Dian Ayu , Almahdy Almahdy , Afdhila Rizka 
Published: August 2020

Kualitas hidup merupakan suatu bagian penting dalam penilaian hasil terapi terutama pada penyakit kronis. Faktor karakteristik individu pada pasien kanker dapat mempengaruhi persepsi kesehatan general dan kualitas hidup keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik demografis (umur, tingkat pendidikan, lama terdiagnosa, jenis kemoterapi) dan karakteristik klinis (siklus kemoterapi, setting kemoterapi) pasien kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner EORTC QLQ-C30. Sampel diambil dengan memilih semua pasien kanker payudara di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi selama bulan Maret – Mei 2018. Data yang diperoleh dari pengisian kuwsoner kemudian ditaransformasikan nilainya ke dalam rentang 0-100 menggunakan rumus transformasi linear, kemudian dilakukan analisa statistik menggunakan uji Mann-whitney dan Kruskall-wallis. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan karakteristik demografi tidak berpengaruh terhadap terhadap nilai kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara (p>0,05). Sedangkan karakteristik klinis mempunyai pengaruh bermakna terhadap nilai kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara (p<0,05). Kata kunci: karakteristik pasien;kualitas hidup;kanker payudara;karakteristik demografi;karakteristik klinis;kuesioner EORTC QLQ-C30
Perubahan Parameter Biokimia, Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus Spraque Dawley Pascahipoksia Oleh Ekstrak Akar Acalypha indica dan Herba Centella asiatica
Authors: Nurfitri Nurfitri , Purwaningsih Erni Hernawati , Soetikno Vivian , Dwijayanti Adisti , Hardiany Novi Silvia 
Published: August 2020

Hipoksia kronik merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit ginjal akibat peningkatan pembentukan Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) dalam sel. Kombinasi ekstrak akar Acalypha indica 250 mg/KgBB (AI250) dan Centella asiatica 150 mg/kgBB (CA150) memiliki efek neuroterapi pada tikus Spraque Dawley pascahipoksia. Penelitian dilakukan untuk membuktikan manfaat kombinasi ekstrak etanol dan/atau ekstrak tunggalnya dapat memperbaiki kerusakan ginjal tikus pascahipoksia melalui mekanisme antioksidan. 28 tikus jantan dikelompokkan dalam 7 kelompok: kontrol normal; kontrol hipoksia+air; hipoksia+(AI200+CA150); hipoksia+(AI250+CA100); hipoksia+AI250; hipoksia+CA150; hipoksia+vitamin C. Hipoksia selama 7 hari dalam hypoxic chamber berisi O2 10% dan N2 90%, 1 atm. Setiap kelompok diberi perlakuan selama 7 hari. Pada akhir studi hewan diterminasi. Darah dan organ ginjal diambil untuk pemeriksaan biokimia dan histopatologi.Kombinasi (AI250+CA100) menurunkan kadar MDA ginjal dan plasma secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol hipoksia (p=0,001 dan p=0,021) dan AI250 (p=0,003 dan 0,043). Kombinasi AI250+CA100 terjadi penurunan ekspresi relatif mRNA HIF-1α (p=0,014), kadar urea plasma (p=0,001) dan perbaikan lesi intra-glomerulus p=0,013.Kesimpulan: Kombinasi (AI250+CA100) dan tunggal AI250 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dalam mencegah kerusakan ginjal pascahipoksia, secara biokimiawi dan histopatologinya.
Daya Antioksidan Masker Peel-Off Ekstrak Etanol Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis (F.A.C Weber) Britton & Rose)
Authors: Dewi Irene Puspa , Tan Verawaty , Gani Jimmi 
Published: August 2020

Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis (F.A.C Weber) Britton & Rose) merupakan salah satu buah yang mengandung antosianin yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antioksidan. Untuk mempermudah penggunaan ekstrak buah naga super merah sebagai antioksidan wajah, ekstrak dibuat dalam bentuk sediaan masker peel-off. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol buah naga super merah dan masker peel-off ekstrak etanol buah naga super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis (F.A.C Weber) Britton & Rose). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96% dan diuapkan dengan rotary evaporator hingga didapatkan ekstrak kental. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2 pikrilhidrazil) dan didapatkan nilai IC50 dari masing-masing sampel dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang serapan maksimum 516nm. Hasil dari pengukuran didapatkan nilai IC50 masker peel-off ekstrak etanol buah naga sebesar 841,78 ppm. Ini menunjukkan tingkat berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan vitamin C sebagai pembanding. Nilai IC50 vitamin C adalah 1,898 ppm termasuk tingkat antioksidan sangat kuat.
Formulasi Emulgel Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Putranti Widyasari , Maulana Akmal , Fatimah Siti Fatmawati 
Published: August 2020

Garlic have an activity as antifungal. Garlic extract need to be non spesific standarized to get consistent quality. Emulgel have hydrophobic or hidrophilic active substances because emulgel is a combination of emulsion and gel. This study aims to obtain the garlic extract emulgel formula which has good quality and good physical properties.The garlic extraction method maceration method with ethanol 96% as a solvent (1:7.5). Non spesific parameter of extract standardization were powder lost on drying, water content, ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, mass of extract spesification. Extract were standardized and then formulated in emulgel dosage form with 25% concentration of extract, then emulgel evaluated for physical properties include organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, temperature stability, spreadability, stickiness, type of emulsion, and viscosity. The results showed rendemen of extract (8.90 ± 0.12)%, lost on drying (6.85 ± 0.11)%, water content of extract (4.16 ± 1.4)%, ash content of powder (3.24 ± 0.02)% and extract (1.14 ± 0.03)%, acid-insoluble ash content powder (0.96 ± 0.02)% and extract (0.61 ± 0.07)%, the mass of extract spesification 1.028, and for the physical properties test of emulgel preparations obtained homogeneous emulgel, semisolid form, light brown color, smell of extract garlic, stable at 5ºC and 25ºC for 24 hours, pH 7, spreadability (2.49±0.12) g.cm.s-1, stickiness (61.99±5.81)seconds, type of emulsion o/w, viscosity(2.63±0.22) Pa.s. Based on the study was obtained garlic extract that fulfill the requirements of non spesific parameter standardization from Farmakope Herbal Indonesia and emulgel formulation of garlic extract has good physical properties.
AN INNOVATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE BY REPLACING CEMENT WITH NICKEL SLAG POWDER
Authors: Nabiilah Bunga Yubi , Nelfia Lisa Oksri , Astutiningsih Sotya 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Nickel slag is a solid waste produced from the nickel smelting process. At present, In Indonesia, the total capacity of domestic nickel smelting reaches 5 million tons/year with the assumption of NPI or FeNi production with a Ni level of 10%, requiring the input of Ni ore raw materials around 40 million tons/year in which around 30 million tons will become waste/slag. Currently, the area of Southeast Sulawesi has a potential of huge nickel resources of 97.4 billion tons, which spread over 480 thousand hectares of land. This has led to a continuous increase in the demand of concrete towards infrastructural development in Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of this research is to reuse nickel slag powder in the context of environmentaly friendly by analyzing the tensile strength using nickel slag powder (NSP) as a cement substitution material for the manufacture of high-performance concrete. Specimens were made with water-cement ratio of 0.31 and compared with 100% OPC Type 1 cement (as reference). Furthermore, the NSP substitution of cement were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% with a concrete age of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. Analysis of physical characteristics of nickel slag powder and cement were carried out by using the Le Chatelier method, while the mechanical characteristics comprised ease of work in the field (workability) and split tensile strength. The manufactured concrete was made by using Sika Viscocrete 8015 superplasticizer admixture with split tensile strength test results for NSP substitution at 28 days ≥ 5% of the value of compressive strength.

Keywords: High-performance concrete, Nickel slag powder, Split tensile strength,
HOUSING NEEDS FULFILMENT FOR LOW-INCOME GROUP
Authors: Mishra Anjay Kumar 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
There is the requirement of large number of housing units to meet the housing needs of low-income groups in Kathmandu Valley. The overall objective of this study was to find out the appropriate ways to address these needs. The questionnaire survey and interview were carried out with low-income groups, housing experts, planners, implementers, and concerned organizations. Relative Importance Index (RII) has been calculated to find out the hierarchy of important factors and appropriate approaches for addressing the housing needs for low-income groups in Kathmandu Valley. This number is very large and the location and nature of squatter settlements are different causing it is impossible that only one approach will be suitable to meet the housing needs of the entire low-income groups. Hence, different suitable approaches have been considered to address housing needs. In a city like Kathmandu where the price of land is skyrocketing, purchasing the land parcel is beyond the capacity of the low-income groups. In this approach, the rental housing at the fringe area is more suitable to fulfill the housing needs of the low-income groups, in order to provide an adequate housing facility at a reasonable cost. The monthly rent of the housing allocated for different categories of low-income groups should be positively classified based on their affordability.

Keywords: Perception, Approaches, Cost Recovery, Affordability, Accessibility
SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DESIGNING PUBLIC PARK
Authors: Yuslim Silia silia , Sulistio Hendrik 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
In DKI Jakarta, the quantity and quality of public parks need to be increased since they are not well cared of as most public spaces which resulted in the absence of visitors. Hypotheses arise that this condition may be related to inaccurate public park management. This paper is an attempt to acquire a conceptual framework related to competency requirements needed in designing public parks that focus on Soft System Methodology and Resource Management. This is a literature study coupled with interviews with those who are involved in the provision and use of public parks. Through Delphi's analysis, it reveales that a successful design of public park entails non-technical competency requirements related to "building relationships" involved with all parties integrated.

Keyword: Project Human Resource Management, Public Park Design, Soft System Methodology
Material and method selection for increasing the wear resistance of construction machines components
Authors: Scherbakov A. P. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The article examines the problem of choosing a material and method for increasing the wear resistance of construction machines elements. The performance of construction machines is affected by the reliability of the parts used. The selection of materials for their manufacture allows to calculate the probability of how such elements will affect its ability to work and productivity.Materials and methods. In the process of determining the material and the method for increasing the wear resistance of construction machines, structural steels with various chemical compositions were selected: lowcarbon 08ps (as a model material), 10, 20.30, St3 and low-alloy steels 09G2S and 10HSND, as well as high-carbon steel 65G and boron steel 30MnB5. The methods as high temperature annealing, normalization, injection and high temperature release, thermocyclic processing, cold plastic deformation, thermocyclic processing of steels after cold plastic deformation were used.Results. During the experiment, it was found that both for low-carbon 08ps, 10, 20, 30, St3, and for low-alloy structural steels 09G2S and 10HSND, as well as for high-carbon steel 65G and for boron-containing steel 30MnB5, an increase in the number of TCT cycles (thermal cycling) leads to an increase in the strength properties of the metal. With an increase in the number of cycles over 3-6, the increase in strength properties slows down significantly. Conclusion. In contrast to heat treatment, TCO allows to identify the positive effect of alloying on strength and plastic properties to a greater extent. At the same time, significantly increasing the strength and plasticity, it is possible to obtain previously unattainable values of the work of destruction of alloy steels in the process of various types of loading. Accordingly, the preliminary preparation of steel for the production of individual elements of machines and mechanisms will increase their strength and wear resistance.
Road safety improvement in road traffic participant – vehicle – road – external environment system
Authors: Kurakina E. V. , Sklyarova V. A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Improving road safety is a state-level task reflected in many regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, such as a federal law, federal target program, national project, etc. The systematic approach considered in the article is aimed at developing an effective approach and targeted actions in the field of ensuring road safety in road transport. The use of an integrated approach instead of disparate single actions will allow achieving the tasks set for the state to reduce the accident rate on the country’s roads.Materials and methods. Analytical methods based on analysis of links, flows, temporary analysis of events, methods of road traffic safety assessment based on detection of safety and accident factors, detection of accident concentration places, methods of probability theory and processing of research results, software-computing methods of information technologies.Results. A system of road infrastructure indicators has been developed in a complex application with the analytical methods and methods of the accident forecasting system, an information technology tool and systems – an electronic receiving organization for road safety to develop a system organization and manage the level of road safety in the road participant – vehicle – road – external environment system.Discussion and conclusions. The expediency of taking into account the mechanisms for achieving the results of the program-targeted approach and the direction of their implementation, the proven scientific results of studies of the concentration of road traffic accidents to improve the work of the state mechanism for ensuring road safety is substantiated.
Installation for maintaining the operating temperature of electrolytes when restoring machine parts with electroplated coatings
Authors: Kotomchin A. N. , Sinelnikov A. F. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The use of electroplating in the production and restoration of machine parts is important for increasing reliability and reducing costs in the operation of cars. At the same time, strengthening and restoring parts with chrome, iron and alloys based on them leads to additional costs, due to the specifics of technologies and the need to maintain certain operating temperatures of electrolytes to obtain high-quality and high-performance precipitation. Since existing devices for maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte have a complex design and require additional energy costs, we are constantly searching for ways and designs that will simplify the design, increase its reliability and reduce energy costs.Materials and methods. The current method for maintaining the temperature of electrolytes of current bath is taken as a prototype for the research. An improved plant was designed and tested in real conditions for the production of chrome, iron precipitation and alloys based on them.Results. The developed installation makes it possible to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of electrolytic coatings. The developed installation allowed maintaining the temperature in the required range, both at low temperatures of 20÷35oC and at high temperatures of 40÷60oC.Discussion and conclusion. As a result of the analysis of the existing methods for maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte, their shortcomings are identified and a new method is proposed that will allow controlling and maintaining the necessary operating temperature of the electrolyte in the required operating range without significant fluctuations. The developed installation can be put into production, which will allow industrial use of complex temperature-sensitive chrome plating technologies, while obtaining high-quality electroplating coatings.