bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curative or beauty treatment? Language and manipulation in leaflets of medical devices
Authors: Zyga Magdalena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to examine the mechanisms of potential (cognitive) manipulation used in the leaflets of selected medical devices. The assumption is that in the texts under analysis some of the Gricean conversational maxims are violated in an attempt at discursive manipulation or can be perceived as violated by the reader, which is favoured by activation of certain idealized cognitive models (ICMs). For the purposes of the study leaflets of four antifungal medical devices – their English- and German-language versions – are examined. The theoretical basis is mainly centred on the Gricean notion of implicature and the contemporary theory of conceptual metaphor and metonymy. The texts are analysed at relevant sub-tiers (for instance metaphor-metonymy conceptual tier) of particularly the sectional and conceptual tier. The examination of the selected leaflets reveals that the texts evoke certain ICMs whose presence seems to result – in 3 out of 4 leaflets – from, to a large extent, the intention to at least bend some Gricean maxims. Hence, the reader might be under the impression that the product does something that is not explicitly promised.
A contrastive study of engagement resources between English spoken and written texts
Authors: Yang Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEngagement can be used to describe and explain the various styles or strategies of intersubjective positioning that have been observed operating recurrently within different discourse domains. Based on the engagement system of appraisal framework, this study offers a contrastive analysis of dialogic contraction and dialogic expansion between English spoken and written texts. Thirty TV interviews and 30 news reports, each with a length of 1500–2000 words, were compared in terms of the distribution pattern and the quantitative use of engagement resources. The findings show that the English spoken and written texts are generally different in the distribution pattern of engagement resources. More specifically, in the spoken texts the contractive devices are much more prominent than the expansive devices while in the written texts the expansive devices are used slightly more frequently than the contractive devices. As for the quantitative use, most of the frequencies of dialogic contraction and dialogic expansion in the spoken texts are significantly different from those in the written texts, except endorsement and distance. This study may provide a new perspective for the contrastive study of spoken and written languages. The findings may also provide some pedagogical implications, especially for the teaching and learning of oral and written English.
SPARCL1 Promotes Excitatory But Not Inhibitory Synapse Formation and Function Independent of Neurexins and Neuroligins
Authors: Gan Kathlyn J. , Südhof Thomas C. 
Published: September 2020

Emerging evidence supports roles for secreted extracellular matrix proteins in boosting synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, and synaptic plasticity. SPARCL1 (also known as Hevin), a secreted non-neuronal protein, was reported to increase synaptogenesis by simultaneously binding to presynaptic neurexin-1α and to postsynaptic neuroligin-1B, thereby catalyzing formation of trans-synaptic neurexin/neuroligin complexes. However, neurexins and neuroligins do not themselves mediate synaptogenesis, raising the question of how SPARCL1 enhances synapse formation by binding to these molecules. Moreover, it remained unclear whether SPARCL1 acts on all synapses containing neurexins and neuroligins or only on a subset of synapses, and whether it enhances synaptic transmission in addition to boosting synaptogenesis or induces silent synapses. To explore these questions, we examined the synaptic effects of SPARCL1 and their dependence on neurexins and neuroligins. Using mixed neuronal and glial cultures from neonatal mouse cortex of both sexes, we show that SPARCL1 selectively increases excitatory but not inhibitory synapse numbers, enhances excitatory but not inhibitory synaptic transmission, and augments NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses more than AMPAR-mediated synaptic responses. None of these effects were mediated by SPARCL1-binding to neurexins or neuroligins. Neurons from tripleneurexin-1/2/3or from quadrupleneuroligin-1/2/3/4conditional KO mice that lacked all neurexins or all neuroligins were fully responsive to SPARCL1. Together, our results reveal that SPARCL1 selectively boosts excitatory but not inhibitory synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission by a novel mechanism that is independent of neurexins and neuroligins.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEmerging evidence supports roles for extracellular matrix proteins in boosting synapse formation and function. Previous studies demonstrated that SPARCL1, a secreted non-neuronal protein, promotes synapse formation in rodent and human neurons. However, it remained unclear whether SPARCL1 acts on all or on only a subset of synapses, induces functional or largely inactive synapses, and generates synapses by bridging presynaptic neurexins and postsynaptic neuroligins. Here, we report that SPARCL1 selectively induces excitatory synapses, increases their efficacy, and enhances their NMDAR content. Moreover, using rigorous genetic manipulations, we show that SPARCL1 does not require neurexins and neuroligins for its activity. Thus, SPARCL1 selectively boosts excitatory synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission by a novel mechanism that is independent of neurexins and neuroligins.
Daniel Forthomme, l’optométriste, le professeur, le chercheur, le directeur et l’ami (1938-2019)
Authors: Giasson Claude , Gresset Jacques , Simonet Pierre 
Published: September 2020

Our friend, Daniel Forthomme, passed away last November 25. This text, dedicated to his memory, list his numerous contributions to optometrists and optometry.
Notre ami, Daniel Forthomme, est décédé le 25 novembre dernier. Ce texte, dédié à sa mémoire, énumère ses nombreuses contributions aux optométristes et à l’optométrie.
Alone and Anxious: Addiction to Work as an Adaptation to Postmodern Dislocation
Authors: Buhrmann Anna 
Published: September 2020

The majority of Canadians work upwards of forty-five hours a week, and nearly a third of Canadians identify themselves as addicted to work (Duxbury & Higgins, 2013, p. 6; Keown, 2008, p. 28). This essay investigates the question: to what extent does the concept of addiction to work shed light on society’s anxieties? By examining values underpinning the free market economy and how they affect the daily rythym of human life, I argue that the pressures of postmodern life dislocate individuals within their social context. In a need to alleviate the anxieties stemming from this instability, individuals often work excessively to establish a sense of identity and security. An unbalanced amount of work, however, exacerbates not only a person’s fears but their compulsivity to work, multiplying the detrimental effects to their daily lives. In sum, because workaholism further distances us from social rootedness, it is crucial to question cultural acceptance of excessive focus and time spent on work.
Socioeconomic Status and Long-term Outcomes in Single Ventricle Heart Disease
Authors: Bucholz Emily M. , Sleeper Lynn A. , Goldberg Caren S. , Pasquali Sara K. , Anderson Brett R. , Gaynor J. William , Cnota James F. , Newburger Jane W. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:
Low socioeconomic status (SES) has emerged as an important risk factor for higher short-term mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and related anomalies; yet little is known about how SES affects these outcomes over the long-term.

METHODS:
We linked data from the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial to US Census Bureau data to analyze the relationship of neighborhood SES tertiles with mortality and transplantation, neurodevelopment, quality of life, and functional status at 5 and 6 years post–Norwood procedure (N = 525). Cox proportional hazards regression and linear regression were used to assess the association of SES with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes, respectively.

RESULTS:
Patients in the lowest SES tertile were more likely to be racial minorities, older at stage 2 and Fontan procedures, and to have more complications and fewer cardiac catheterizations over follow-up (all P &lt; .05) compared with patients in higher SES tertiles. Unadjusted mortality was highest for patients in the lowest SES tertile and lowest in the highest tertile (41% vs 29%, respectively; log-rank P = .027). Adjustment for patient birth and Norwood factors attenuated these differences slightly (P = .055). Patients in the lowest SES tertile reported lower functional status and lower fine motor, problem-solving, adaptive behavior, and communication skills at 6 years (all P &lt; .05). These differences persisted after adjustment for baseline and post-Norwood factors. Quality of life did not differ by SES.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, those with low SES have worse neurodevelopmental and functional status outcomes at 6 years. These differences were not explained by other patient or clinical characteristics.
Bimbingan Agama Melalui Teknik Clien Centred dalam Pembentukan Kepribadian Remaja
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Ramdhan Sachri , Fajar Dadang Ahmad 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui program, proses, dan hasil bimbingan agama melalui teknik client centred dalam pembentukan kepribadian remaja di kelas IX. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan angket. Bimbingan agama melalui teknik clien centred dilaksanakan melalui Pembelajaran Rumpun PAI, pembiasaan melalui Shalat Dhuha berjamaah, Kuliah tujuh menit, dan ekstrakurikurer Baca dan Tulis Al-Quran (BTQ) yang dilaksanakan setiap hari dan satu minggu sekali, sesuai dengan jadwal yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa kelas IX MTS As-Solehhyiah memiliki kepribadian Islami pada kategori tinggi.
This study aims to determine the program, process, and results of religious guidance through client-centered techniques in shaping the personality of adolescents in class IX. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach, with observation, interview and questionnaire techniques. Religious guidance through clien centered techniques is carried out through PAI Cluster Learning, habituation through Dhuha Prayers in congregation, a seven-minute lecture, and Al-Quran Reading and Writing (BTQ) extracurricular activities which are held every day and once a week, according to the specified schedule. The results showed that the students of class IX MTS As-Solehhyiah had an Islamic personality in the high category.
Terapi Penyakit Maksiat Menurut Ibnu Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah
Authors: Putra Sakha Meindra , Arifin Isep Zaenal , Chodijah Siti 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biografi Ibnu Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah, mengetahui mengenai konsep penyakit maksiat menurut Ibnu Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah serta terapi yang diberikan kepada pengidap penyakit maksiat tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan Analisis Isi (Content Analisis) sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan kesimpulan yang jelas dan benar. Adapun tekhnik pengumpulan data menggunakan cara studi kepustakaan (Library Research). Dan hasil yang ditemukan ialah nama Abu Abdillah Syamsuddin Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr lahir pada 7 Shafar 691 H dan meninggal 13 Rajab 751 H merupakan ulama Tazkiyyatu An-Nafs. Dan buku al-Dã’u wa al-Dawã’u didalamnya membahas tentang penyakit maksiat dan terapi yang diberikan bagi pengidapnya. Konsep penyakit menurut Ibnu Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah mengenai maksiat dibagi menjadi tiga pengertian yang menjelaskan bahwa maksiat merupakan racun, maksiat merupakan perbuatan yang keluar dari norma dan maksiat merupakan kedurhakaan yang membawa pada kedurhakaan yang lainnya. Maka proses terapi yang diberikan ialah dengan Irsyad (konseling), Tabyîn (Penjelasan), Tanbîh wa Tahdîd (Peringatan dan Ancaman), Amr bi Taqwa wa Nahyu a’n Ma’shiyah (Menyeru pada Ketakwaan dan Mencegah kemaksiatan), al-Birru wa at-Tha’atu (Perbuatan baik dan Ketaatan), Mauizhah tentang al-Qur’an, Iman, Kematian, Neraka dan perkara yang menghapus kebaikan atau pahala, Do’a, Dzikir dan Ta’lîl.

This study aims to find out the biography of Ibn Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah, learn about the concept of immorality according to Ibn Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah and the therapy given to people with illness that is. The method used in this research is Content Analysis (Content Analysis) so it is expected to give a clear and true conclusion. The data collection technique uses library research method. And the findings are the names of Abu Abdillah Syamsuddin Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr was born on 7 Shafar 691 H and died 13 Rajab 751 H was the scholar of Tazkiyyatu An-Nafs. And the book al-Dã'u wa al-Dawã'u discusses the illness and therapeutic illness given to the person. Then the concept of illness according to Ibn Al-Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah regarding immorality is divided into three definitions which explain that immorality is a poison, immorality is an act that goes out of the norm and vice is a violation that leads to other acts of disobedience. The therapeutic process is given by Irsyad (counseling), Tabyîn (Explanation), Tanbîh wa Tahdîd (Warnings and Threats), Amr bi Taqwa wa Nahyu a'n Ma'shiyah (Call upon Prayers and Prevent disobedience), al-Birru wa at-Tha'atu (Good Deeds and Obedience), Mauizhah of the Qur'an, Faith, Death, Hell and the things that wipe out good or reward, Dhamma, Dzikir and Ta'lîl.
Peran Parakonselor dalam Mengatasi Krisis Klien di Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Suryani Siti Indah , Hidayati Diajeng Laily , Ridho Miftahur 
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan peran parakonselor pada Unit Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Metode penelitian menggunakan paradigma kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomelogi. Sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parakonselor dalam penanganan krisis pada klien, memainkan peran (1) sebagai broker, yaitu parakonselor menjadi penghubung antara klien dengan sumber penyedia layanan yang diperlukan klien. (2) menjalankan fungsi referal, yaitu merujuk klien kepada penyedia layanan. (3) sebagai manager kasus, yaitu mengatur penyelesaian masalah dengan berbagai ketentuan yang ada. Penelitian ini diharapkan berdampak terhadap peran konselor secara ideal dalam semua unit dan tingkatan pada berbagai lembaga.
This paper aims to explain the role of counselors in the Protection Unit for Women and Children (PPA) of East Kalimantan Province. The research method uses a qualitative paradigm with a phenomelogical approach. While data collection is done by in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that parakonselor in handling crisis on the client, played the role (1) as a broker, ie parakonselor became the liaison between the client and the source of service providers needed by the client. (2) carrying out the referral function, i.e. referring clients to service providers. (3) as case manager, i.e. arranging problem solving with various existing provisions. This research is expected to have an impact on the ideal role of counselors in all units and levels of various institutions.
Bahasa Isyarat Dalam Memahami Bacaan Shalat Pada Anak-anak Tunarungu
Authors: Dhyanti Damar Retno , Junaedi Jujun , Sukayat Tata 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK
Penyandang tunarungu memiliki hambatan pendengaran dan dalam proses bicara dan bahasanya terhambat pula. Penyandang tunarungu menggunakan bahasa isyarat sehari-hari dalam berkomunikasi dengan orang lain. Materi yang diajarkan pun menggunakan bahasa isyarat oleh guru mereka. Materi pelajaran yang biasanya disampaikan lewat bahasa lisan, harus disampaikan lewat bahasa isyarat. Termasuk juga pelajaran agama Islam yang disampaikan oleh bahasa isyarat, seperti bacaan shalat yang disampaikan dengan bahasa isyarat di SLB Negeri Cileunyi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perhatian, pemahaman dan penerimaan anak-anak tunarungu terhadap bahasa isyarat dalam memahami bacaan shalat. Serta mengenal bahasa isyarat sebagai komunikasi nonverbal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data diantaranya yaitu observasi, angket dan wawancara. Terdapat respon antara bahasa isyarat yang digunakan anak-anak tunarungu dengan bacaan shalat yang diajarkan di sekolah. Bahasa isyarat membantu anak-anak tunarungu dalam memahami, mengikuti serta pada pengaplikasian bacaan shalat di sekolah maupun di rumah.
Kata Kunci : Anak-anak Tunarungu; Bahasa Isyarat; Bacaan Shalat

ABSTRACT
Deaf people have hearing impairments and are also hampered in the process of speech and language. Deaf people use daily sign language in communicating with others. The material taught also uses sign language by their teacher. The subject matter, which is usually delivered through oral language, must be delivered through sign language. It also includes Islamic lessons delivered by sign language, such as prayer readings delivered in sign language at SLB Negeri Cileunyi. The purpose of this study was to determine the attention, understanding and acceptance of deaf children to sign language in understanding prayer readings. And recognize sign language as nonverbal communication. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive methods. Techniques used in data collection include observation, questionnaires and interviews.There is a response between sign language used by deaf children and prayer readings taught at school. Sign language helps deaf children understand, follow along with the application of prayer readings at school or at home.
Keywords : Deaf Children; Sign language; Prayer Readings
Pembinaan Akhlak Narapidana di Pondok Pesantren At- Taubah Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Cianjur
Authors: Hidayatulloh Arip , Herman Herman , Setiawan Asep Iwan 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pondok pesantren At Taubah di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas II B Cianjur mengenai pembinaan Akhlak Narapidana. Dengan memahami perencanaan program dan pelaksanaan pembinaan akhlak narapidana. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Peran pesantren At Taubah yang berada di LAPAS Klas II B Cianjur dalam membina akhlak narapidana yaitu memberikan sumbangsih besar terhadap pembinaan yang secara umum merupakan tugas dari Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Hal ini terlihat dari kegiatan yang dilaksanakan oleh pesantren yang begitu terorganisir.

This study aims to determine the role of the At Taubah Islamic boarding school in Cianjur Class II B Correctional Institution regarding the Moral Guidance of Prisoners. By understanding program planning and the implementation of moral guidance for prisoners. This research uses a descriptive method. The results showed that the role of the At Taubah Islamic Boarding School in the Class II B Classroom in Cianjur in building up the morals of prisoners is to contribute greatly to coaching which is generally the task of the Penitentiary. This can be seen from the activities carried out by pesantren that are so organized.
Manajemen Strategik Pondok Pesantren dalam Pengkaderan Da’i Berkualitas
Authors: Kurniawan Asep , Rifa'i A. Bachrun , Rahman Arif 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini menjelaskan manajemen strategik (formulasi, implementasi serta evaluasi strategi) pada Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Darussyifa Al-fitroh dalam rangka menyiapkan kader da’i yang berkualitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, studi dokumentasi dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keputusan strategi Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Darussyifa Al-fitroh adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif yang diformulasikan dalam strategi utama berupa pertumbuhan terkonsentrasi, berdasarkan analisis lingkungan internal dan eksternalnya, juga implementasi yang terkoordinir, baik dalam (struktural, kepemimpinan maupun budaya), disertai program, anggaran dan prosedur pelaksanaan yang jelas. Serta tingkat evaluasi strategi yang intensif sehingga inovasi dan pengendalian strategi selalu sesuai dengan tuntutan dan perubahan zaman. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa manajemen strategik pada Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Darussyifa Al-fitroh telah di jalankan dengan baik dan menunjukan keberhasilan yang signifikan dalam upaya menyiapkan kader da’i berkualitas.

This study explains strategic management (the formulation, implementation and evaluation of strategies) at Darussyifa Al-fitroh Integrated Islamic Boarding School in order to prepare qualified da'i cadres. The method used in this research is descriptive method, data collection is done using observation techniques, documentation studies and interviews. This study found that the strategic decision of Darussyifa Al-fitroh Integrated Islamic Boarding School was to support aggressive growth policies formulated in the main strategy of concentrated growth, based on internal and external environmental analysis, as well as coordinated implementation, both in (structural, leadership and cultural), accompanied by clear programs, budgets and implementation procedures. As well as an intensive level of strategy evaluation so that innovation and strategy control are always in accordance with the demands and changing times. So it can be concluded that strategic management at Darussyifa Al-fitroh Integrated Islamic Boarding School has been run well and shows significant success in the effort to prepare qualified da'i cadres.
Pola Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Pengelolaan Yayasan Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Sholehah Asmanah Rohmatun , Anwar Saeful , Herman Herman 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang bagaimana gaya kepemimpinan, apa saja upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemimpin dalam mengelola yayasan serta apa saja faktor penunjang dan faktor penghambatnya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dimana metode ini digunakan untuk menggambarkan sejelas-jelasnya hasil dari penelitian tersebut. Adapun hasil penelitiannya gaya kepemimpinan ketua yayasan bersifts demokratis dan mengutamakan kerjasama yang membedakan dengan pemimpin yang lainnya ibu ketua yayasan memberikan perhatian lebih seperti seorang ibu terhadap anaknya, adapun upayanya selain mengadakan kegiatan yang mengikutsertakan seluruh anggota yayasan beliau memperbarui sistem planning serta kepengurusan yayasan mempunyai relasi yang luas karena beliau aktif di berbagai organisasi, menjadikan kelebihan tersebut sebagai jalan untuk usaha baik dalam segi keuangan dan segi publikasi yayasan.
This study describes how leadership style, what are the efforts made by leaders in managing the foundation and what are the supporting factors and inhibiting factors. This research method uses descriptive qualitative method where this method is used to describe clearly the results of the study. As for the results of his research, the leadership style of the chairman of the foundation is democratic and prioritizes cooperation which distinguishes the other leaders. The mother of the foundation leader gives more attention to a mother to her child. As for her efforts in addition to holding activities that involve all members of the foundation, she is renewing the planning system and managing the foundation. broad because he is active in various organizations, making these advantages as a way for business both in financial terms and in terms of foundation publications.