bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ Perspectives and Societal Acceptance of Implementation of Newborn Screening for SCID in the Netherlands
Authors: Blom Maartje , Bredius Robbert G. M. , Jansen Marleen E. , Weijman Gert , Kemper Evelien A. , Vermont Clementien L. , Hollink Iris H. I. M. , Dik Willem A. , van Montfrans Joris M. , van Gijn Mariëlle E. , Henriet Stefanie S. , van Aerde Koen J. , Koole Wouter , Lankester Arjan C. , Dekkers Eugènie H. B. M. , Schielen Peter C. J. I. , de Vries Martine C. , Henneman Lidewij , van der Burg Mirjam ,   on behalf of the SONNET-Study Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeWhile neonatal bloodspot screening (NBS) for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) has been introduced more than a decade ago, implementation in NBS programs remains challenging in many countries. Even if high-quality test methods and follow-up care are available, public uptake and parental acceptance are not guaranteed. The aim of this study was to describe the parental perspective on NBS for SCID in the context of an implementation pilot. Psychosocial aspects have never been studied before for NBS for SCID and are important for societal acceptance, a major criterion when introducing new disorders in NBS programs.MethodsTo evaluate the perspective of parents, interviews were conducted with parents of newborns with abnormal SCID screening results (N = 17). In addition, questionnaires about NBS for SCID were sent to 2000 parents of healthy newborns who either participated or declined participation in the SONNET-study that screened 140,593 newborns for SCID.ResultsSupport for NBS for SCID was expressed by the majority of parents in questionnaires from both a public health perspective and a personal perspective. Parents emphasized the emotional impact of an abnormal screening result in interviews. (Long-term) stress and anxiety can be experienced during and after referral indicating the importance of uniform follow-up protocols and adequate information provision.ConclusionThe perspective of parents has led to several recommendations for NBS programs that are considering screening for SCID or other disorders. A close partnership of NBS programs’ stakeholders, immunologists, geneticists, and pediatricians-immunologists in different countries is required for moving towards universal SCID screening for all infants.
Carbamoylethylated Wood Pulp as a New Sorbent for Removal of Hg (II) from Contaminated Water: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies
Authors: Hashem A. , Fletcher A. J. , Safri A. , Ghith A. , Hussein D. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMercury is a persistent, heavy metal present in watercourses, and this paper presents the synthesis of a new, low-cost sorbent, based on wood pulp, for the targeted removal of Hg (II) from aqueous solutions. Carbamoylethylated wood pulp sorbents were obtained from the reaction of wood pulp with acrylamide, in basic media, to produce a suite of materials with varying nitrogen concentration (0.251.51%). Batch sorption techniques were used to determine the sorption capacity of each sorbent for Hg (II), as a function of pH, contact time, as well as sorbate and sorbent concentrations. The samples were evaluated for bulk and surface chemistry (nitrogen concentration and FTIR) as well as surface morphology and textural properties (SEM and surface area measurements). Sorption analysis via Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, showed that the data were best represented by the Temkin isotherm model suggesting influence from surface heterogeneity in the adsorption process. Langmuir analysis provides an indication of the maximum sorption uptake at 787.6 mg g−1, while Freundlich analysis shows the sorption process to be favourable but with some slight suppression at low concentrations. The results indicate the importance of nitrogen concentration and corresponding sorption capacity in Hg (II) sorption kinetics and are consistent with the recovery rates observed. Sorption tests demonstrate that these sorbents have remarkable potential, which is validated through 39% removal of Hg (II) from aqueous solution, and modelling of the kinetic data showed that the system closely flows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Complex Formation of Alkyl-N-iminodiacetic Acids and Hard Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution and Solid State
Authors: Lindblad Cecilia , Cassel Anders , Persson Ingmar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe calcium(II), iron(III) and chromium(III) alkyl-N-iminodiacetate systems have been studied in aqueous solution with respect to stability, acid–base properties and structure. The calcium(II) ion forms only one weak complex with methyl-N-iminodiacetic acid in water, K1 = 12.9 (2) mol–1⋅dm3, while iron(III) and chromium(III) form very stable complexes with alkyl-N-iminodiacetic acids. The calcium(II)–methyl-N-iminodiacetate complex is octahedral in the solid state with most probably water in the remaining positions giving a mean Ca–O bond distance of ca. 2.36 Å. The iron(III) alkyl-N-iminodiacetate complexes have low solubility due to a strong tendency to form polymeric structures. Depending on pH in the solution at their preparation, the degree of hydrolysis in the resulting compound(s) may differ. In the solid state, the polymeric iron(III) alkyl-N-iminodiacetate compounds seem to have the mean composition Fe2O(Cx-IDA)5; the mean Fe–O bond distances to the oxo group and the alkyl-N-iminodiacetate ligands are 1.92 and 2.02 Å, respectively. In these complexes the nitrogen atoms are bound at much longer bond distances, 0.1–0.2 Å, than the carboxylate oxygens. This distribution with short strong Fe–O bonds and much longer and weaker Fe–N bonds is also found in most other structurally characterized iron(III) carboxylated amine/polyamine complexes. The chromium(III) alkyl-N-iminodiacetate complexes are octahedral in both solution and solid state, and the low solubility of the solid compounds indicates a polymeric structure with the ligands bridging chromium(III) ions. Also, chromium(III) binds oxygen atoms in carboxylated amines at significantly shorter distance than the nitrogen stoms. The chromium(III) alkyl-N-iminodiacetate complexes display such slow kinetics at titration with strong base that the back-titration with strong acid shows completely different acid–base properties, thus the acid–base reactions are irreversible.
On the Mean-Field Limit for the Vlasov–Poisson–Fokker–Planck System
Authors: Huang Hui , Liu Jian-Guo , Pickl Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe rigorously justify the mean-field limit of anN-particle system subject to Brownian motions and interacting through the Newtonian potential in$${\mathbb {R}}^3$$R3. Our result leads to a derivation of the Vlasov–Poisson–Fokker–Planck (VPFP) equations from the regularized microscopicN-particle system. More precisely, we show that the maximal distance between the exact microscopic trajectories and the mean-field trajectories is bounded by$$N^{-\frac{1}{3}+\varepsilon }$$N-13+ε($$\frac{1}{63}\le \varepsilon <\frac{1}{36}$$163≤ε<136) with a blob size of$$N^{-\delta }$$N-δ($$\frac{1}{3}\le \delta <\frac{19}{54}-\frac{2\varepsilon }{3}$$13≤δ<1954-2ε3) up to a probability of$$1-N^{-\alpha }$$1-N-αfor any$$\alpha >0$$α>0. Moreover, we prove the convergence rate between the empirical measure associated to the regularized particle system and the solution of the VPFP equations. The technical novelty of this paper is that our estimates rely on the randomness coming from the initial data and from the Brownian motions.
Grassland-to-crop conversion in agricultural landscapes has lasting impact on the trait diversity of bees
Authors: Le Provost Gaëtane , Badenhausser Isabelle , Violle Cyrille , Requier Fabrice , D’Ottavio Marie , Roncoroni Marilyn , Gross Louis , Gross Nicolas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Context
Global pollinator decline has motivated much research to understand the underlying mechanisms. Among the multiple pressures threatening pollinators, habitat loss has been suggested as a key-contributing factor. While habitat destruction is often associated with immediate negative impacts, pollinators can also exhibit delayed responses over time.

Objectives
We used a trait-based approach to investigate how past and current land use at both local and landscape levels impact plant and wild bee communities in grasslands through a functional lens.

Methods
We measured flower and bee morphological traits that mediate plant–bee trophic linkage in 66 grasslands. Using an extensive database of 20 years of land-use records, we tested the legacy effects of the landscape-level conversion of grassland to crop on flower and bee trait diversity.

Results
Land-use history was a strong driver of flower and bee trait diversity in grasslands. Particularly, bee trait diversity was lower in landscapes where much of the land was converted from grassland to crop long ago. Bee trait diversity was also strongly driven by plant trait diversity computed with flower traits. However, this relationship was not observed in landscapes with a long history of grassland-to-crop conversion. The effects of land-use history on bee communities were as strong as those of current land use, such as grassland or mass-flowering crop cover in the landscape.

Conclusions
Habitat loss that occurred long ago in agricultural landscapes alters the relationship between plants and bees over time. The retention of permanent grassland sanctuaries within intensive agricultural landscapes can offset bee decline.
The role of AMPK in metabolism and its influence on DNA damage repair
Authors: Szewczuk Michał , Boguszewska Karolina , Kaźmierczak-Barańska Julia , Karwowski Bolesław T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne of the most complex health disproportions in the human body is the metabolic syndrome (MetS). It can result in serious health consequences such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis or insulin resistance. The center of energy regulation in human is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which modulates cells’ metabolic pathways and protects them against negative effects of metabolic stress, e.g. reactive oxygen species. Moreover, recent studies show the relationship between the AMPK activity and the regulation of DNA damage repair such as base excision repair (BER) system, which is presented in relation to the influence of MetS on human genome. Hence, AMPK is studied not only in the field of counteracting MetS but also prevention of genetic alterations and cancer development. Through understanding AMPK pathways and its role in cells with damaged DNA it might be possible to improve cell’s repair processes and develop new therapies. This review presents AMPK role in eukaryotic cells and focuses on the relationship between AMPK activity and the regulation of BER system through its main component—8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1).
Visual link retrieval and knowledge discovery in painting datasets
Authors: Castellano Giovanna , Lella Eufemia , Vessio Gennaro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVisual arts are of inestimable importance for the cultural, historic and economic growth of our society. One of the building blocks of most analysis in visual arts is to find similarity relationships among paintings of different artists and painting schools. To help art historians better understand visual arts, this paper presents a framework for visual link retrieval and knowledge discovery in digital painting datasets. Visual link retrieval is accomplished by using a deep convolutional neural network to perform feature extraction and a fully unsupervised nearest neighbor mechanism to retrieve links among digitized paintings. Historical knowledge discovery is achieved by performing a graph analysis that makes it possible to study influences among artists. An experimental evaluation on a database collecting paintings by very popular artists shows the effectiveness of the method. The unsupervised strategy makes the method interesting especially in cases where metadata are scarce, unavailable or difficult to collect.
Hybrid coupled mode modelling of the evanescent excitation of a dielectric tube by semi-guided waves at oblique angles
Authors: Hammer Manfred , Ebers Lena , Förstner Jens 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA dielectric step-index optical fiber with tube-like profile is considered, being positioned with a small gap on top of a dielectric slab waveguide. We propose a 2.5-D hybrid analytical/numerical coupled mode model for the evanescent excitation of the tube through semi-guided waves propagating in the slab at oblique angles. The model combines the directional polarized modes supported by the slab with analytic solutions for the TE-, TM-, and orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) modes of the tube-shaped fiber. Implementational details of the scheme are discussed, complemented by finite-element simulations for verification purposes. Our results include configurations with resonant in-fiber excitation of OAM modes with large orbital angular momentum and strong field enhancement.
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing knee replacements: comparison of real-world outcomes
Authors: Hasan Syed Shahzad , Sunter Wendy , Ahmed Nadia , Dawoud Dalia , Zaidi Syed Tabish Razi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground Increasing evidence for the use of the aspirin in patients undergoing an orthopaedic surgery for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis has led to a change in the national guidelines substituting anticoagulants with aspirin. Little is known about the impact of such substitution on real-world outcomes from clinical practice. Objective The study was designed to examine clinical outcomes associated with the use of aspirin and apixaban. Setting Two large-scale general hospitals in West Yorkshire region of England. Method A 1-year observational study among adults who underwent elective knee replacements and received venous thromboembolism prophylaxis within the first 14 days post replacements. Main outcome measure The incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism, leaking wounds during the hospital stay, and 30-day any readmission for the two drugs. Results A total of 420 patients were included. There was a significant drop in apixaban prescribing (from 80.37 to 10.51%) and increase in aspirin use (from 19.02 to 81.71%) after the implementation of the revised guidelines. There were 52 (12.38%) cases of leaking wound, 16 (3.81%) cases of postoperative venous thromboembolism, 45 (10.71%) cases of 30-day readmission and no case of 30-day major bleeding. The leaking wounds and 30-day readmissions were almost twice more frequent in obese compared to non-obese patients. Multivariate logistic regression found an increased risk of leaking wound with apixaban and postoperative venous thromboembolism and 30-day readmission with aspirin use but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion The results suggest aspirin to be as effective as apixaban in preventing venous thromboembolism and readmission. Apixaban usage decreased with a corresponding increase in Aspirin use. The impact of obesity and length of hospital stay need further investigations.
Analysis of the evolution and collaboration networks of citizen science scientific publications
Authors: Pelacho M. , Ruiz G. , Sanz F. , Tarancón A. , Clemente-Gallardo J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe term citizen science refers to a broad set of practices developed in a growing number of areas of knowledge and characterized by the active citizen participation in some or several stages of the research process. Definitions, classifications and terminology remain open, reflecting that citizen science is an evolving phenomenon, a spectrum of practices whose classification may be useful but never unique or definitive. The aim of this article is to study citizen science publications in journals indexed by WoS, in particular how they have evolved in the last 20 years and the collaboration networks which have been created among the researchers in that time. In principle, the evolution can be analyzed, in a quantitative way, by the usual tools, such as the number of publications, authors, and impact factor of the papers, as well as the set of different research areas including citizen science as an object of study. But as citizen science is a transversal concept which appears in almost all scientific disciplines, this study becomes a multifaceted problem which is only partially modelled with the usual bibliometric magnitudes. It is necessary to consider new tools to parametrize a set of complementary properties. Thus, we address the study of the citizen science expansion and evolution in terms of the properties of the graphs which encode relations between scientists by studying co-authorship and the consequent networks of collaboration. This approach - not used until now in research on citizen science, as far as we know- allows us to analyze the properties of these networks through graph theory, and complement the existing quantitative research. The results obtained lead mainly to: (a) a better understanding of the current state of citizen science in the international academic system-by countries, by areas of knowledge, by interdisciplinary communities-as an increasingly legitimate expanding methodology, and (b) a greater knowledge of collaborative networks and their evolution, within and between research communities, which allows a certain margin of predictability as well as the definition of better cooperation strategies.
The role of school identification and self-efficacy in school satisfaction among Norwegian high-school students
Authors: Simonsen Inge-Ernald , Rundmo Torbjørn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSchool satisfaction is a key indicator of education quality in addition to academic achievement and student’s coping efficacy, as well as an important factor to prevent school dropout. The primary aim of this study was to investigate how high-school students’ school identification and self-efficacy were associated with school satisfaction. The study included controls for gender, education programme and parental education level. A self-report questionnaire was administered to high-school students at three upper secondary schools in Norway. The sample included 794 first year students. No respondents refrained from participating in the study. Most of the students in the study were satisfied with school. The current study underscores the importance of school identification. School identification was found to be more important for the students’ school satisfaction than self-efficacy. Moreover, according to the results, teachers’ social identity leadership appears to play an important role in students’ school satisfaction. The findings imply that the teachers’ social identity leadership is imperative in classroom management.
As-Built and Post-treated Microstructures of an Electron Beam Melting (EBM) Produced Nickel-Based Superalloy
Authors: Goel Sneha , Mehtani Hitesh , Yao Shu-Wei , Samajdar Indradev , Klement Uta , Joshi Shrikant 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe microstructures of an electron beam melted (EBM) nickel-based superalloy (Alloy 718) were comprehensively investigated in as-built and post-treated conditions, with particular focus individually on the contour (outer periphery) and hatch (core) regions of the build. The hatch region exhibited columnar grains with strong 〈001〉 texture in the build direction, while the contour region had a mix of columnar and equiaxed grains, with no preferred crystallographic texture. Both regions exhibited nearly identical hardness and carbide content. However, the contour region showed a higher number density of fine carbides compared to the hatch. The as-built material was subjected to two distinct post-treatments: (1) hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and (2) HIP plus heat treatment (HIP + HT), with the latter carried out as a single cycle inside the HIP vessel. Both post-treatments resulted in nearly an order of magnitude decrease in defect content in hatch and contour regions. HIP + HT led to grain coarsening in the contour, but did not alter the microstructure in the hatch region. Different factors that may be responsible for grain growth, such as grain size, grain orientation, grain boundary curvature and secondary phase particles, are discussed. The differences in carbide sizes in the hatch and contour regions appeared to decrease after post-treatment. After HIP + HT, similar higher hardness was observed in both the hatch and contour regions compared to the as-built material.
The Influence of Iron and Zinc Supplementation on Iron Apparent Absorption in Rats Fed Vitamins and Minerals Reduced Diets
Authors: Rolf Katarzyna , Januszko Olga , Frąckiewicz Joanna , Madej Dawid , Kaluza Joanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeficient human diet is usually reduced in many nutrients, but animal studies on iron absorption have been only carried out for rats fed well-balanced (control) and iron-deficient diets. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of iron or iron/zinc supplementation on iron apparent absorption (IAA) in rats fed a diet reduced in all vitamins and minerals (R). The study was conducted on 77, 6-week-old male Wistar rats in 3 stages as follows: stage I, 4-week period of adaptation to R diet (50% less vitamins and minerals compared to AIN-93M recommendations); stage II, 4-week supplementation period with iron (RSFe) or iron/zinc (RSFeZn); stage III, 2-week post-supplementation period (rats fed R diet). Feces samples to IAA determination were collected at the 20–22nd days of stage I and II and the 10–12th days of stage III. To determine the changes in IAA after introducing and discontinuation of supplementation, feces were collected for 3 days after introducing (stage II) and 5 days after the supplementation discontinuation (stage III). At the end of stage II, compared to R rats, the IAA was statistically significantly higher in RSFe and RSFeZn rats (30.3 ± 2.0% vs. 47.4 ± 1.2% and 51.0 ± 1.7%, respectively). After introducing iron or iron/zinc supplementation, the IAA stabilized fast already in the first day, while after discontinuation of the supplementation, at least 4 days was required to the stabilization. At the end of stage III, the IAA was significantly lower in RSFe (15.8 ± 6.6%) than in RSFeZn rats (43.4 ± 5.9%). In conclusion, to confirm that iron and zinc supplementation is more beneficial than iron supplementation only, especially after discontinuation of supplementation, further research among humans is necessary.
Nearly Gorenstein cyclic quotient singularities
Authors: Caminata Alessio , Strazzanti Francesco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe investigate the nearly Gorenstein property among d-dimensional cyclic quotient singularities $$\Bbbk \llbracket x_1,\dots ,x_d\rrbracket ^G$$

k
〚

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
d

〛
G

, where $$\Bbbk $$
k
is an algebraically closed field and $$G\subseteq {\text {GL}}(d,\Bbbk )$$

G
⊆
GL
(
d
,
k
)

is a finite small cyclic group whose order is invertible in $$\Bbbk $$
k
. We prove a necessary and sufficient condition to be nearly Gorenstein that also allows us to find several new classes of such rings.