bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond principal component analysis (PCA) of product means: Toward a psychometric view on sensory profiling data
Authors: Dettmar Burkhard , Peltier Caroline , Schlich Pascal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrincipal component analysis (PCA) has its origin in psychology, where it was developed as a psychometric tool to measure latent variables of human cognition, personality, or behavior. This psychometric approach is also suitable to measure human perception based on sensory profiling data. To do so, we apply the PCA to a matrix that maintains the individual panelist's judgments, the matrix structure is in line with the “Tucker‐1 common loadings model.” Our approach (“Tucker‐1 PCA”) differs from the routine method of analyzing sensory profiling data, where PCA is applied to the matrix of mean scores of the product‐by‐attribute table (“Means‐PCA”). This article discusses the specific properties of the Tucker‐1 PCA and compares it to the Means‐PCA via a meta‐analysis on 422 datasets from Sensobase, a collection of sensory profiling studies. Tucker‐1 PCA provides advantages over Means‐PCA in terms of dimensionality, interpretability, and replicability of the factor structures.Practical ApplicationsTucker‐1 PCA is an easily applicable variant of PCA for sensory profiling data. Like Means‐PCA, it can be used to create product maps. It provides, however, more stable and easier interpretable axes. As a psychometric tool, Tucker‐1 PCA provides a measurement of products on underlying sensory dimensions.
cTBS effect on language reorganization verified by fMRI and chronometry TMS in an aphasia patient
Authors: Ahn Hyun Jung , Bashir Shahid , Martin Paula , Naeser Margaret A , Pascual‐Leone Alvaro , Yoo Woo‐Kyoung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe physiologic effect of continuous theta‐burst stimulation (cTBS) in language network has been reported, although it has the clinical benefit of longer‐lasting inhibitory effects with shorter stimulation time. We report 50‐year‐old aphasia patient showed increased activation of the left Broca's area by cTBS for 3 days on contralateral Broca's homologue area (Brodmann area 45) leading to improvements in speech performance. Furthermore, we were able to validate the engaged network and timing in picture naming using chronometry TMS showing significant delay in picture naming only at 200 ms after picture presentation by the left Broca's area (BA 44/45) stimulation. These results may indicate that cTBS over Broca's homologue area (BA 45) led to functional reorganization of language network by shifting it from right to left through interhemispheric interaction.
Peptide encoding Populus CLV3/ESR‐RELATED 47 (PttCLE47) promotes cambial development and secondary xylem formation in hybrid aspen
Authors: Kucukoglu Melis , Chaabouni Salma , Zheng Bo , Mähönen Ari Pekka , Helariutta Ykä , Nilsson Ove 
Published: November 2019

Summary

The CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)‐RELATED (CLE) peptide ligands in connection with their receptors are important players in cell‐to‐cell communications in plants. Here, we investigated the function of the Populus CLV3/ESR‐RELATED 47 (PttCLE47) gene during secondary growth and wood formation in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × tremuloides) using an RNA interference (RNAi) approach.

Expression of PttCLE47 peaks in the vascular cambium. Silencing of the PttCLE47 gene expression affected lateral expansion of stems and decreased apical height growth and leaf size.

In particular, PttCLE47 RNAi trees exhibited a narrower secondary xylem zone with less xylem cells/cell file. The reduced radial growth phenotype also correlated with a reduced number of cambial cell layers. In agreement with these results, expression of several cambial regulator genes was downregulated in the stems of the transgenic trees in comparison with controls.

Altogether, these results suggest that the PttCLE47 gene is a major positive regulator of cambial activity in hybrid aspen, mainly promoting the production of secondary xylem. Furthermore, in contrast to previously characterized CLE genes expressed in the wood‐forming zone, PttCLE47 appears to be active at its site of expression.
The impact of interpregnancy weight change on perinatal outcomes in women and their children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Timmermans Yvon E.G. , van de Kant Kim D.G. , Oosterman Elise O. , Spaanderman Marc E.A. , Villamor‐Martinez Eduardo , Kleijnen Jos , Vreugdenhil Anita C.E. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryPrepregnancy overweight and obesity are associated with higher risk of perinatal complications. However, the effect of weight change prior to pregnancy on perinatal outcome is largely unknown. Therefore, it is aimed to examine the impact on perinatal outcomes of interpregnancy BMI change in women of different BMI categories. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and CINAHL databases were searched (1990‐August 2019). Observational studies on interpregnancy BMI change were selected. Outcomes evaluated were gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, gestational hypertension (GH), cesarean section, preterm birth, and newborns being large (LGA) or small (SGA) for gestational age. Meta‐analyses and meta‐regression analyses were executed. Thirty studies were included (n > 1 million). Interpregnancy BMI gain was associated with a higher risk of GDM (for BMI gain ≥3 kg/m2: OR 2.21; [95%CI 1.53‐3.19]), preeclampsia (1.77 [1.53‐2.04]), GH (1.78 [1.61‐1.97]), cesarean section (1.32 [1.24‐1.39]), and LGA (1.54 [1.28‐1.86]). The effects of BMI gain were most pronounced in women with BMI <25 kg/m2 before the first pregnancy regarding GDM, GH, and cesarean section. Except for LGA, interpregnancy BMI loss did not result in a decreased risk of perinatal complications. In this study, women of normal weight who gain weight before pregnancy were identified as a high‐risk population for perinatal complications. This emphasizes that weight management is important for women of all BMI categories and a pregnancy wish.
Writing humanimals: Critical animal studies and Jewish studies
Authors: Cooper Andrea Dara 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecently, there has been a proliferation of scholarship intersecting the fields of critical animal studies and Jewish studies. These publications span many time periods and areas of study, including the Hebrew Bible, the Babylonian Talmud, and modernist literature, and all demonstrate the significance of literary analysis to studying animals and religion. Scholars have persuasively argued that the study of animals in literature should include reflection on real animal others. Research on animals and animality in Jewish studies takes this concern as a point of focus, using literary approaches to show how human and non‐human animals are co‐implicated in systems of ethical and political exclusion. The works I discuss illustrate how encounters with actual animals can animate concerns with figural animalities, and vice versa. Following Donna Haraway, I argue that such literary approaches can point to new and urgent methods of multispecies engagement, allowing us to imagine ourselves out of damaging anthropocentric narratives.
Dignifying and undignifying aspects of care for people with dementia: a narrative review
Authors: van der Geugten Wendy , Goossensen Anne 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe progressive disease trajectory makes people with dementia increasingly vulnerable and gradually more dependent on others which can lead to admission to a nursing home. Special interest in dignity in people with dementia has led to a growing body of knowledge towards promoting or hindering their dignity.AimThe aim of this narrative review was to synthesise dignifying and undignifying aspects of formal and informal care for people with dementia within nursing homes.MethodThe electronic databases CINAHL, SCOPUS, PSycInfo and PubMed were systematically searched with the terms ‘dementia’ and ‘dignity’, complemented with the use of snowballing and reference check. A total of 789 unique items were found. The search and selection process was structured by the PRISMA framework, and both authors formulated the criteria of eligibility. A methodological check was performed using the critical appraisal tool of Hawker. This process led to inclusion of 29 articles which were reviewed with the help of the guidelines for narrative synthesis by Popay et al.FindingsThe emerged dignifying and undignifying aspects of formal and informal care are characterised by either a successful or unsuccessful process of adjustment towards changing abilities, preferences and care needs of people with dementia. Three themes appeared as undignifying aspects of care: ‘Stigmatisation and objectivation’, ‘Scarcity and hastiness’ and ‘Impending estrangement and misunderstanding’. Four themes were identified as dignifying aspect of care: ‘Personalisation’, ‘Respect, attentiveness and encouragement’, ‘Attention for physical care and bodily gestures’, and ‘Foster belonging’. Literature synthesis showed mostly relational aspects of care concerning dignity in people with dementia. Formal and informal caregivers are important in maintaining and promoting their dignity.
Relationships between caregiving stress, mental health and physical health in family caregivers of adult patients with cancer: implications for nursing practice
Authors: Saimaldaher Zahra'a H. , Wazqar Dhuha Y. 
Published: November 2019

AimThis study was conducted to investigate the relationships between caregiving stress, mental health and physical health in family caregivers of adult patients with cancer at a University Teaching Hospital in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross‐sectional correlational study was carried out with a convenience sample of 160 family caregivers of adult patients with cancer. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire including the Modified Caregiver Strain Index, the DUKE Health Profile and sociodemographic items. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive and inferential statistics and correlations were performed.ResultsParticipants experienced a certain level of caregiving stress (M = 9.01, SD = 5.645). Many factors were found to be correlated to higher caregiving stress in this study. Caregiving stress showed significant moderate negative correlations with mental and physical health (p < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were found between age, gender, nationality, education, monthly income, and caregiving stress or DUKE Health Profile scores (p < 0.05).ConclusionsCaregiving stress affects family caregivers' mental and physical health. Such stress can disrupt the caregiving performance of family caregivers. Discovering the causes of caregiving stress among the family caregivers of adult patients with cancer may help to determine the main elements affecting patient care and can assist oncology nurses in providing support and services to caregivers. Educational strategies/intervention programs in the hospitals may be required to reduce caregiving stress levels and improve the health and well‐being of family caregivers of adult patients with cancer.
Nurse managers’ work content: development of the questionnaire and results of the pilot study
Authors: Nurmeksela Anu , Kinnunen Juha , Kvist Tarja 
Published: November 2019

AimTo develop the Nurse Managers’ Work Content Questionnaire (NMWCQ) and to describe nurse managers’ work content.BackgroundRestructuring within health care has expanded the nurse manager’s role to include organisational, patient and staff demands.MethodsThe pilot study employed a cross‐sectional study design. Based on a literature review, the NMWCQ with 102 items was developed and pretested for this study. Data were collected in 2017 from three Finnish acute care central hospitals that provide specialised health care. A total of 61 nurse managers participated, which represents a response rate of 59%. Principal component analysis was used to test the construct validity of the instrument. Cronbach’s alpha values were used to analyse the internal consistency of the instrument. In addition, descriptive and nonparametric analysis was used.ResultsUltimately, 13 components with 87 items were identified in the questionnaire. The construct validity and internal consistency of the questionnaire were at acceptable levels. Cronbach’s alpha rates of the components were 0.554 ‐ 0.890. The most frequently performed daily work of nurse managers was in the component of organising, and the most infrequently performed daily work was in the component of clinical nursing.ConclusionsThe study shows that the Nurse Managers’ Work Content Questionnaire (NMWCQ) is suitable for measuring the current content of nurse managers’ work. However, the questionnaire is new and needs additional testing such as confirmatory factor analysis with larger amounts of data.
Home range and habitat: Using platial characteristics to define urban areas from the bottom up
Authors: Acedo Albert , Johnson Peter A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe spatial representation of a city is typically formed by top‐down jurisdictional boundaries. A parallel approach would be to consider representing a city based on platial characteristics, that is, a bottom‐up landscape created through individual and collectively derived representations. This study contributes to this discourse through the exploratory examination of the ecology notions of home range and habitat applied to humans in an urban context. Using spatial data collected through a WebGIS platform, we employ a spatial definition of sense of place and social capital to understand the platial nature of the city and, simultaneously, defining home range and habitat as platial notions. We found spatial variability among individual home range and habitat and the difficulty of traditional administrative boundaries to represent these areas. This research defines and presents home range and habitat to partially describe the emergent nature of platial theory and explores their operationalization at the urban level.
Mimicking exercise: what matters most and where to next?
Authors: Hawley John A. , Joyner Michael J. , Green Daniel J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe past decade has witnessed growing scientific and commercial interest in the identification of bioactive oral compounds that mimic or potentiate the effects of exercise, so‐called ‘exercise pills’ or ‘exercise mimetics.’ These compounds have, to date, typically targeted skeletal muscle in an attempt to stimulate some of the adaptations to exercise induced by endurance training. Accordingly, they fail to impart many of the broad health protecting effects of exercise that are seen in tissues and organs other than skeletal muscle. In the context that multiple integrative regulatory and often redundant pathways have evolved to detect and respond to human movement, here we consider the complex challenges of designing a pill that might mimic the extensive range of exercise benefits. In particular, we consider the limits of the current ‘myocentric’ paradigm given the wide‐ranging array of impacts that exercise exerts on atherosclerosis and the cardiovascular system. We discuss the validity and limitations of the concept that low dose cardiovascular polypills, already in large scale trials, may represent one form of cardiovascular exercise mimetic. Finally, given that some calls for an exercise pill stem from a response to the perceived failure of expert advice, evidence‐based guidelines and current public health approaches, we explore possible strategies that might address the global rise in inactivity. In the event that a broad spectrum exercise mimetic might ever be developed, we discuss some generic issues related to adoption and adherence of therapeutic interventions.
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A Brain Phantom Study of a Noncontact Single Inductive Coil Device and the Attendant Algorithm for First Stage Diagnosis of Internal Bleeding in the Head
Authors: Oziel Moshe , Korenstein Rafi , Rubinsky Boris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hemorrhagic stroke is one of the leading causes of premature death among economically disadvantaged populations. Treatments of these conditions require an early diagnosis. While computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the medical gold standard for early diagnosis, these imaging modalities are rarely available in low- and middle-income countries. We present an unsophisticated noncontact single coil inductive device and a simple algorithm for detection of changes in fluid/tissue ratio in the head which simulates blood vessel bursting in the brain. Experiments were performed on a typical phantom model of the head and internal bleeding was simulated by injection of physiological saline at two locations in the head phantom. The primary motivation for this work is the need for a simple and robust detection device and algorithm for diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke in low- and middle-income countries. This phantom-based study shows that the technology and in particular the algorithm introduced here are robust and could replace conventional imaging for first stage diagnosis of internal bleeding in the head, and thereby save millions of lives every year. Clinical studies are required to further examine the technology and the algorithm.
Experimental Investigation of a U-Tube Performance Using Nanoferrofluids Under the Effect of Magnetic Fields
Authors: Kelidari Milad , Jabari Moghadam Ali , Moradi Dalvand Houman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The effects of nanoferrofluids on the overall performance of curved tubes (with various radii of curvature) are experimentally investigated under the influence of constant and alternating magnetic fields. The working fluids are distilled water and a ferrofluid (Fe3O4/water) with 0.2% and 0.4% volume concentrations. The experiments are performed under a constant wall heat flux (≈12,700 W/m2) using a chrome–nickel electric heater element insulated by refractory fabrics. The mass flowrate is varied from 0.2 to 0.7 kg/min. There are three key parameters, namely, type of the magnetic field, volume of concentration of nanoparticles, and radius of curvature of the pipes that affect the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of the system, but the latter is comparatively the dominant factor. If the Reynolds number is 930 in the pipe of 0.2-m diameter of curvature, and also a 50-Hz alternating magnetic field is applied to the curved pipe, the results reveal that using a 0.4% ferrofluid, Nusselt number is improved by 32% compared to that of the distilled water. Nevertheless, due to the undesirable influence of pressure gradient, the best overall effectiveness of 1.12 is attained in the circumstances but in the pipe of 0.4-m diameter of curvature.
Enhancing Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Annio Giacomo , Torii Ryo , Ariff Ben , O'Regan Declan P. , Muthurangu Vivek , Ducci Andrea , Tsang Victor , Burriesci Gaetano 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The analysis of the blood flow in the great thoracic arteries does provide valuable information about the cardiac function and can diagnose the potential development of vascular diseases. Flow-sensitive four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow CMR) is often used to characterize patients' blood flow in the clinical environment. Nevertheless, limited spatial and temporal resolution hinders a detailed assessment of the hemodynamics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) could expand this information and, integrated with experimental velocity field, enable to derive the pressure maps. However, the limited resolution of the 4D flow CMR and the simplifications of CFD modeling compromise the accuracy of the computed flow parameters. In this article, a novel approach is proposed, where 4D flow CMR and CFD velocity fields are integrated synergistically to obtain an enhanced MR imaging (EMRI). The approach was first tested on a two-dimensional (2D) portion of a pipe, to understand the behavior of the parameters of the model in this novel framework, and afterwards in vivo, to apply it to the analysis of blood flow in a patient-specific human aorta. The outcomes of EMRI are assessed by comparing the computed velocities with the experimental one. The results demonstrate that EMRI preserves flow structures while correcting for experimental noise. Therefore, it can provide better insights into the hemodynamics of cardiovascular problems, overcoming the limitations of MRI and CFD, even when considering a small region of interest. EMRI confirmed its potential to provide more accurate noninvasive estimation of major cardiovascular risk predictors (e.g., flow patterns, endothelial shear stress) and become a novel diagnostic tool.
A Development in the Extended Ritz Method for Solving a General Class of Fractional Variational Problems
Authors: Lotfi Ali 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, based on the idea of the extended Ritz method, we introduce an efficient approximate technique for solving a general class of fractional variational problems. In the discussed problem, the fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. First, we introduce a family of fractional polynomial functions with a free parameter in the exponent. With the aid of the presented fractional polynomials, we construct a family of functions with free parameters, which provides the extended Ritz method with a great flexibility in searching for the approximate solution of the problem. The approximate solutions satisfy all the initial and the boundary conditions of the problem. The convergence of the method is analytically studied and some test examples are included to demonstrate the superiority of the new technique over the ordinary Ritz method.
Backward Differentiation Formula and Newmark-Type Index-2 and Index-1 Integration Schemes for Constrained Mechanical Systems
Authors: Meyer T. , Li P. , Schweizer B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVarious methods for solving systems of differential-algebraic equations (DAE systems) are known from literature. Here, an alternative approach is suggested, which is based on a collocated constraints approach (CCA). The basic idea of the method is to introduce intermediate time points. The approach is rather general and may basically be applied for solving arbitrary DAE systems. Here, the approach is discussed for constrained mechanical systems of index-3. Application of the presented formulations for nonmechanical higher index DAE systems is also possible. We discuss index-2 formulations with one intermediate time point and index-1 implementations with two intermediate time points. The presented technique is principally independent of the time discretization method and may be applied in connection with different time integration schemes. Here, implementations are investigated for backward differentiation formula (BDF) and Newmark-type integrator schemes. A direct application of the presented approach yields a system of discretized equations with larger dimensions. The increased dimension of the discretized system of equations may be considered as the main drawback of the presented technique. The main advantage is that the approach may be used in a very straightforward manner for solving rather arbitrary multiphysical DAE systems with arbitrary index. Hence, the method might, for instance, be attractive for general purpose DAE integrators, since the approach is not tailored for special DAE systems (e.g., constrained mechanical systems). Numerical examples will demonstrate the straightforward application of the approach.