bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher glycolytic capacities in muscle of carnivorous rainbow trout juveniles after high dietary carbohydrate stimulus at first feeding
Authors: Song Yan , Alami-Durante Hélène , Skiba-Cassy Sandrine , Marandel Lucie , Panserat Stephane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRainbow trout is a “glucose-intolerant” carnivorous species. Using the metabolic programming strategy, we used early nutritional stimuli in order to modify carbohydrate utilization in trout juveniles.MethodFish were fed two diets during the first feeding, namely HP (no carbohydrate / high protein) diet and LP (high carbohydrate / low protein) diet. HP diet was used as the control diet and LP diet as an early stimulus diet. We also used another early stimulus with fish fed HP diet every other day during the first feeding (HP restriction feeding - HPR). After the first-feeding stage (4 weeks), all fish were subsequently subjected to a growth trial with a commercial diet followed by a challenge test with the LP diet (11 weeks). At the end of the first feeding stimulus and of the challenge test, we investigated growth performance, glucose metabolism-related parameters and global DNA CmCGG methylation in trout.ResultsLP and HPR dietary stimuli have been a success as shown by the direct modifications of growth performance and mRNA levels for glucose metabolism-related genes at the end of first feeding compared to alevins fed the HP diet. At the end of the challenge trial, no variation in growth performance and hepatic metabolism of LP-history and HPR-history in trout juveniles were observed. However, in muscle of trout juvenile subjected to LP diet at the first feeding, we found an up-regulation of mRNA levels of some glucose metabolism (glucose transport and glycolysis)-related genes and an increase of activities of important glycolysis-related enzymes (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase). These observations are associated with a decrease in the content of glycogen compared to fish fed the HP diet. Moreover, global CmCGG DNA methylation in the muscle of fish with LP history was significantly lower than those fed the HP diet.ConclusionDietary LP stimulus at first feeding could permanently modify glucose metabolism and global CmCGG DNA methylation level in muscle of trout juveniles, showing that the first feeding stage is efficient for programming the glucose metabolism in fish.
The prognosis benefits of adjuvant versus salvage radiotherapy for patients after radical prostatectomy with adverse pathological features: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tao Ronggui , Dai Jindong , Bai Yunjin , Yang Jiyu , Sun Guangxi , Zhang Xingming , Zhao Jinge , Zeng Hao , Shen Pengfei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The appropriate timing of radiotherapy (RT) for patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) with adverse pathological features (APFs) remains controversial. This systematic review was conducted to compare the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) and salvage radiotherapy (SRT).

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched to retrieve the required. The hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of overall survival (OS), biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) were extracted. The survival benefits of ART with SRT (including early salvage radiotherapy (ESRT)) were analyzed. The process of the meta-analysis was performed with RevMan version 5.3.

Results
A total of fifteen retrospective studies were finally included in the final analysis including 5586 patients. The pooled analysis indicated that ART could achieve better control of prostate cancer and improve OS (p = 0.0006), BRFS (p < 0.0001) and DMFS (p < 0.0001), when compared to SRT. The subgroup analysis of the 5-year OS rate demonstrated that the ART group still had survival advantages compared to the SRT group (p = 0.0006). However, ART and SRT were comparable in 10-year OS rate (p = 0.07). ART had advantages over SRT in both 5-year (p = 0.0003) and 10-year BRFS (p = 0.0003). The subgroup analysis with different follow-up starting points from RP or RT was essentially consistent with the above results. The pooled analysis also showed that ART was superior to ESRT on OS (p = 0.008) and DMFS (p = 0.03), and comparable to ESRT on BRFS (p = 0.1).

Conclusions
According to this meta-analysis, ART could be served as a preferential treatment for patients with APFs after RP to improve prognosis. Certainly, high-quality, multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are expecting to confirm the outcomes of our meta-analysis in the future.
A two-stage retrospective analysis to determine the effect of entry point on higher exit of proximal pins in lateral pinning of supracondylar humerus fracture in children
Authors: Ji Xianglu , Kamara Allieu , Wang Enbo , Liu Tianjing , Shi Liwei , Li Lianyong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Kirschner wire fixation remains to be the mainstream treatment modality in unstable or displaced supracondylar humerus fracture in children, with divergent lateral pins being the most preferred due to their sufficient stability and decreased risk of ulnar nerve injury. However, the entry point at which the proximal lateral pin can be inserted to achieve a more proximal exit and maximum divergence has not been reported. This study retrospectively analyzed the characteristics and factors influencing the entry and exit points of the proximal lateral pins.

Methods
The study was divided into two stages. In stage one, the entry and exit points of the proximal pins of lateral pinning configuration were analyzed from intra-operative radiographs of children treated for extension-type supracondylar humerus fractures. The coronal and sagittal pin angles formed by the proximal pins were also measured. Using the findings of stage one, we intentionally tried to achieve a more proximal exit with the proximal pins in stage two. Comparisons between groups of patients treated by random and intentional pinnings were done statistically.

Results
In the first stage, 47 (29.2%) of the 161 proximal pins exited above the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction (MDJ) region. Of these, 85.1% entered from lateral and posterior to the ossific nucleus of the capitellum (ONC). The pin angles averaged 58.4° and 90.5° in the coronal and sagittal planes respectively. In the second stage, 47 (65.3%) proximal pins in the intended group exited above the MDJ region, while only 32 (36%) in the random group exited above the MDJ region.

Conclusion
While aiming at the upper border of the distal MDJ during pinning, lateral pins can easily achieve a higher, proximal exit above the MDJ if inserted from lateral and posterior to the ONC and parallel to the humeral shaft in the sagittal plane. Higher exit can also be easily achieved in younger patients and patients fixated with smaller diameter pins.
Necroptosis regulates tumor repopulation after radiotherapy via RIP1/RIP3/MLKL/JNK/IL8 pathway
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Zhao Minghui , He Sijia , Luo Yuntao , Zhao Yucui , Cheng Jin , Gong Yanping , Xie Jianzhu , Wang Yulan , Hu Binjie , Tian Ling , Liu Xinjian , Li Chuanyuan , Huang Qian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Tumor cell repopulation after radiotherapy is a major cause for the tumor radioresistance and recurrence. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of tumor repopulation after radiotherapy, with focus on whether and how necroptosis takes part in this process.

Methods
Necroptosis after irradiation were examined in vitro and in vivo. And the growth-promoting effect of necroptotic cells was investigated by chemical inhibitors or shRNA against necroptosis associated proteins and genes in in vitro and in vivo tumor repopulation models. Downstream relevance factors of necroptosis were identified by western blot and chemiluminescent immunoassays. Finally, the immunohistochemistry staining of identified necroptosis association growth stimulation factor was conducted in human colorectal tumor specimens to verify the relationship with clinical outcome.

Results
Radiation-induced necroptosis depended on activation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway, and the evidence in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that the inhibition of necroptosis attenuated growth-stimulating effects of irradiated tumor cells on living tumor reporter cells. The JNK/IL-8 were identified as downstream molecules of pMLKL during necroptosis, and inhibition of JNK, IL-8 or IL-8 receptor significantly reduced tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. Moreover, the high expression of IL-8 was associated with poor clinical prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.

Conclusions
Necroptosis associated tumor repopulation after radiotherapy depended on activation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL/JNK/IL-8 pathway. This novel pathway provided new insight into understanding the mechanism of tumor radioresistance and repopulation, and MLKL/JNK/IL-8 could be developed as promising targets for blocking tumor repopulation to enhance the efficacy of colorectal cancer radiotherapy.
Impact of the 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation and of the resulting limited financial coverage by the Italian Medicines Agency for palivizumab prophylaxis on the RSV-associated hospitalizations in preterm infants during the 2016–2017 epidemic season: a systematic review of seven Italian reports
Authors: Cutrera Renato , Wolfler Andrea , Picone Simonetta , Rossi Giovanni A. , Gualberti Giuliana , Merolla Rocco , Del Vecchio Antonio , Villani Alberto , Midulla Fabio , Dotta Andrea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The only pharmacologic prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in preterm infants is the humanized monoclonal antibody palivizumab. After the 2014 modification of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations, the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) limited the financial coverage for palivizumab prescriptions to otherwise healthy preterm infants with < 29 weeks of gestational age (wGA) aged < 12 months at the beginning of the 2016–2017 RSV season. However, due to the effect on disease severity and hospitalizations following this limitation, shown by several Italian clinical studies, in November 2017 AIFA reinstated the financial coverage for these infants. In this systematic review, we critically summarize the data that show the importance of palivizumab prophylaxis.

Methods
Data from six Italian pediatric institutes and the Italian Network of Pediatric Intensive Care Units (TIPNet) were retrieved from the literature and considered. The epidemiologic information for infants 29–36 wGA, aged < 12 months and admitted for viral-induced acute lower respiratory tract infection were retrospectively reviewed. RSV-associated hospitalizations were compared between the season with running limitation, i.e. 2016–2017, versus 2 seasons before (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) and one season after (2017–2018) the AIFA limitation.

Results
During the 2016–2017 RSV epidemic season, when the AIFA limited the financial coverage of palivizumab prophylaxis based on the 2014 AAP recommendation, the study reports on a higher incidences of RSV bronchiolitis and greater respiratory function impairment. During this season, we also found an increase in hospitalizations and admissions to the Pediatric Intensive Care Units and longer hospital stays, incurring higher healthcare costs. During the 2016–2017 epidemic season, an overall increase in the number of RSV bronchiolitis cases was also observed in infants born full term, suggesting that the decreased prophylaxis in preterm infants may have caused a wider infection diffusion in groups of infants not considered to be at risk.

Conclusions
The Italian results support the use of palivizumab prophylaxis for otherwise healthy preterm (29–36 wGA) infants aged < 6 months at the beginning of the RSV season.
Effects of a swallowing and oral care intervention for patients following endotracheal extubation: a pre- and post-intervention study
Authors: Wu Chung-Pei , Xu Yu-Juan , Wang Tyng-Guey , Ku Shih-Chi , Chan Ding-Cheng , Lee Jang-Jaer , Wei Yu-Chung , Hsiao Tzu-Yu , Chen Cheryl Chia-Hui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
For patients who survive a critical illness and have their oral endotracheal tube removed, dysphagia is highly prevalent, and without intervention, it may persist far beyond hospital discharge. This pre- and post-intervention study with historical controls tested the effects of a swallowing and oral care (SOC) intervention on patients’ time to resume oral intake and salivary flow following endotracheal extubation.

Methods
The sample comprised intensive care unit patients (≥ 50 years) successfully extubated after ≥ 48 h endotracheal intubation. Participants who received usual care (controls, n = 117) were recruited before 2015, and those who received usual care plus the intervention (n = 54) were enrolled after 2015. After extubation, all participants were assessed by a blinded nurse for daily intake status (21 days) and whole-mouth unstimulated salivary flow (2, 7, 14 days). The intervention group received the nurse-administered SOC intervention, comprising toothbrushing/salivary gland massage, oral motor exercise, and safe-swallowing education daily for 14 days or until hospital discharge.

Results
The intervention group received 8.3 ± 4.2 days of SOC intervention, taking 15.4 min daily with no reported adverse event (coughing, wet voice, or decreased oxygen saturation) during and immediately after intervention. Participants who received the intervention were significantly more likely than controls to resume total oral intake after extubation (aHR 1.77, 95% CI 1.08–2.91). Stratified by age group, older participants (≥ 65 years) in the SOC group were 2.47-fold more likely than their younger counterparts to resume total oral intake (aHR 2.47, 95% CI 1.31–4.67). The SOC group also had significantly higher salivary flows 14 days following extubation (β = 0.67, 95% CI 0.29–1.06).

Conclusions
The nurse-administered SOC is safe and effective, with greater odds of patients’ resuming total oral intake and increased salivary flows 14 days following endotracheal extubation. Age matters with SOC; it more effectively helped participants ≥ 65 years old resume total oral intake postextubation.

Trial registration
NCT02334774, registered on January 08, 2015
Intratumoral reciprocal expression of monocarboxylate transporter 4 and glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Yorita Kenji , Ohno Akinobu , Nishida Takahiro , Kondo Kazuhiro , Ohtomo Toshihiko , Kataoka Hiroaki 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
We previously reported the identification of monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and glypican-3 (GPC3) as prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which are now considered significant poor prognostic factors for the disease. This study aimed to clarify the detailed interaction of these two factors in HCC to improve our understanding of aggressive HCC phenotypes. A total of 225 Japanese patients with HCC from our previous study were subjected to immunohistochemical analyses.

Results
The number of MCT4-positive (MCT4+) HCC cases was 47 (21%), and most MCT4+ HCC showed high GPC3 expression (94%, 44/47 cases). In 44 MCT4+/GPC3+ HCC cases, intratumoral heterogeneity of GPC3 or MCT4 expression was further evaluated. We observed reciprocal (inverse), synergistic, mixed reciprocal and synergistic, or irrelevant interaction of MCT4 and GPC3 expression in 29 (66%), 5 (11%), 1 (2%), and 9 cases (21%), respectively. The cases exhibiting reciprocal expression of both markers tended to have cirrhosis without a history of neoadjuvant therapy. In summary, although MCT4+ HCC cases are mostly GPC3+, intratumoral expression patterns of MCT4 and GPC3 are frequently reciprocal each other, suggesting that dual targeting of MCT4 and GPC3 may achieve a better antitumor effect for MCT4+ HCC cases.
Two-step genomic sequence comparison strategy to design Trichoderma strain-specific primers for quantitative PCR
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Xiang , Pang Guan , Cai Feng , Zhang Jian , Shen Zongzhuan , Li Rong , Shen Qirong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSurvival of inoculated fungal strains in a new environment plays a critical role in functional performance, but few studies have focused on strain-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods for monitoring beneficial fungi. In this study, theTrichoderma guizhouensestrain NJAU 4742 (transformed with thegfpgene and namedgfp-NJAU 4742), which exhibits a growth-promoting effect by means of phytohormone production and pathogen antagonism, was selected as a model to design strain-specific primer pairs using two steps of genomic sequence comparison to detect its abundance in soil. After a second comparison with the closely related speciesT. harzianumCBS 226-95 to further differentiate the strain-specific fragments that had shown no homology to any sequence deposited in the databases used in the first comparison, ten primer pairs were designed from the whole genome. Meanwhile, 3 primer pairs, P11, P12 and P13, were also designed from the inserted fragment containing thegfpgene. After verification testing with three types of field soils, primer pairs P6, P7 and P8 were further selected by comparison with P11, P12 and P13. A practical test using a pot experiment showed that stable colonization ofgfp-NJAU 4742 in pepper rhizosphere soil could be detected using primer pairs P6 and P7, showing no significant difference from the results of primers P11 and P12. Hence, the strategy described here for designing fungal-strain-specific primers may theoretically be used for any other fungi for which the whole genome sequence is available in a database, and the qPCR methodology developed can also be used to further monitor the population dynamics of different strains based on the designed primers.
Long noncoding RNA CASC2 suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by increasing SOCS1 expression
Authors: Sun Ke , Zhang Guangping 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis. LncRNA Cancer Susceptibility Candidate 2 (CASC2) has been demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor contributing to the development and progression of several cancers. However, the functional significance and underlying mechanism of CASC2 in ESCC progression has not been well elucidated.

Methods
The expression levels of CASC2 in ESCC tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. CASC2 overexpression and knockdown models were established and used to investigate the functional role of CASC2 in ESCC cells. RIP, RNA pull-down and dual-luciferase assay was used to detect the association between CASC2 and miR-155. The interaction between CASC2 and Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) was assessed by RIP and RNA pull-down assays.

Results
In the present study, we found that CASC2 was significantly downregulated in ESCC tissues and positively correlated with overall survival time of patients with ESCC. Functional assays demonstrated that CASC2 suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as enhanced drug sensitivity in ESCC cells. Mechanistically, CASC2 inhibited ESCC progression by upregulating the expression of SOCS1 via two different ways. CASC2 acted as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-155 to post-transcriptionally increase SOCS1 expression. On the other hand, CASC2 was capable of interacting with SOCS1 protein and suppressing its degradation.

Conclusion
Conclusively, these results demonstrated that CASC2 could exert as a tumor suppressive lncRNA in ESCC progression via regulating SOCS1.
Efficient analytical techniques for solving time-fractional nonlinear coupled Jaulent–Miodek system with energy-dependent Schrödinger potential
Authors: Şenol Mehmet , Iyiola Olaniyi S. , Daei Kasmaei Hamed , Akinyemi Lanre 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we present analytical-approximate solution to the time-fractional nonlinear coupled Jaulent–Miodek system of equations which comes with an energy-dependent Schrödinger potential by means of a residual power series method (RSPM) and a q-homotopy analysis method (q-HAM). These methods produce convergent series solutions with easily computable components. Using a specific example, a comparison analysis is done between these methods and the exact solution. The numerical results show that present methods are competitive, powerful, reliable, and easy to implement for strongly nonlinear fractional differential equations.
The weak solutions of a doubly nonlinear parabolic equation related to the $p(x)$-Laplacian
Authors: Zhan Huashui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation related to the $p(x)$p(x)-Laplacian
$$ {u_{t}}= \operatorname{div} \bigl({b(x)} { \bigl\vert {\nabla a(u)} \bigr\vert ^{p(x) - 2}}\nabla a(u) \bigr)+\sum _{i=1}^{N}\frac{\partial b_{i}(u)}{ \partial x_{i}}+c(x,t) -b_{0}a(u) $$ut=div(b(x)|∇a(u)|p(x)−2∇a(u))+∑i=1N∂bi(u)∂xi+c(x,t)−b0a(u) is considered in this paper, where $b(x)|_{x\in \varOmega }>0$b(x)|x∈Ω>0, $b(x)|_{x \in \partial \varOmega }=0$b(x)|x∈∂Ω=0, $a(s)\geq 0$a(s)≥0 is a strictly increasing function with $a(0)=0$a(0)=0, $c(x,t)\geq 0$c(x,t)≥0 and $b_{0}>0$b0>0. If $\int _{\varOmega }b(x)^{-\frac{1}{p ^{-}-1}}\,dx\leq c$∫Ωb(x)−1p−−1dx≤c and $\vert \sum_{i=1}^{N}b_{i}'(s) \vert \leq c a'(s)$|∑i=1Nbi′(s)|≤ca′(s), then the solutions of the initial-boundary value problem is well-posedness. When $\int _{\varOmega }b(x)^{-(p(x)-1)}\,dx<\infty $∫Ωb(x)−(p(x)−1)dx<∞, without the boundary value condition, the stability of weak solutions can be proved.
Overexpression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic characterization of the receiver domain of the response regulator PhoP from Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212
Authors: Jeong Yoon Chae , Lee Ki Seog 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Phosphate (Pho) regulon plays a critical role in bacterial phosphate homeostasis. It is regulated by two-component system (TCS) that comprises a sensor histidine kinase and transcriptional response regulator (RR). PhoP from Enterococcus faecalis (EfPhoP) belongs to the OmpR subfamily of RRs. It has not yet been structurally characterized because it is difficult to crystallize it to full-length form. In this study, a truncated form of EfPhoP containing the receiver domain (EfPhoP-RD) was constructed, purified to homogeneity and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystal of EfPhoP-RD diffracted to 3.5 Å resolution and belonged to the orthorhombic space group C2221, with unit-cell parameters a = 118.74, b = 189.83, c = 189.88 Å. The asymmetric unit contains approximately 12 molecules, corresponding to a Matthews coefficient (Vm) of 2.50 Å3 Da−1 with a solvent content of 50.9%.