bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common mental disorder is associated with periodontitis
Authors: Coelho Julita Maria F. , Miranda Samilly S. , da Cruz Simone S. , dos Santos Darci N. , Trindade Soraya C. , Cerqueira Eneida de M. M. , Passos‐Soares Johelle de S. , Costa Maria da Conceição N. , Figueiredo Ana Claudia M. G. , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , de Almeida Alba R. B. , Pereira Monalisa N. , de Souza Nayra M. , Barreto Maurício L. , Gomes‐Filho Isaac S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis research evaluated the association between exposure to common mental disorder (CMD) and the presence of periodontitis.BackgroundCommon mental disorder is characterized by the presence of irritation, fatigue, insomnia, forgetfulness, decreased ability to concentrate, anxiety, and depression. It has been associated with several diseases; however, there are few studies that have associated it with periodontitis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out with 621 individuals. Data collection involved the application of a general questionnaire and the self‐reporting questionnaire for diagnosis of CMD. The diagnosis of periodontitis involved a full mouth periodontal examination using: clinical attachment level, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals between CMD (exposure) and periodontitis (outcome) were obtained.ResultsIn the final sample, 38.16% (237) of the individuals were classified with CMD. Among these, 28.27% (67) had periodontitis. Association measurements showed that the occurrence of periodontitis among those exposed to CMD is approximately 50% higher than in those without this mental condition, with statistical significance, after adjustment for age, sex, family income, current smoking habit, alcohol beverage consumption, and cardiovascular disease (PRadjusted = 1.54, 95% CI: [1.13 to 2.10]).ConclusionsThe findings showed a positive association between exposure to CMD and periodontitis, revealing the importance of broadening public actions targeting mental health, which seems to be related to oral health, mainly due to the high frequency of the diseases in the studied sample.
Impact of alpha‐tocopherol deficiency and supplementation on sacrocaudalis and gluteal muscle fiber histopathology and morphology in horses
Authors: Bookbinder Lauren , Finno Carrie J. , Firshman Anna M. , Katzman Scott A. , Burns Erin , Peterson Janel , Dahlgren Anna , Ming‐Whitfield Brittni , Glessner Shelby , Borer‐Matsui Amanda , Valberg Stephanie J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundA subset of horses deficient in alpha‐tocopherol (α‐TP) develop muscle atrophy and vitamin E‐responsive myopathy (VEM) characterized by mitochondrial alterations in the sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle (SC).ObjectivesTo quantify muscle histopathologic abnormalities in subclinical α‐TP deficient horses before and after α‐TP supplementation and compare with retrospective (r)VEM cases.AnimalsProspective study; 16 healthy α‐TP‐deficient Quarter Horses. Retrospective study; 10 retrospective vitamin E‐responsive myopathy (rVEM) cases .MethodsBlood, SC, and gluteus medius (GM) biopsy specimens were obtained before (day 0) and 56 days after 5000 IU/450 kg horse/day PO water dispersible liquid α‐TP (n = 8) or control (n = 8). Muscle fiber morphology and mitochondrial alterations were compared in samples from days 0 and 56 and in rVEM cases.ResultsMitochondrial alterations more common than our reference range (<2.5% affected fibers) were present in 3/8 control and 4/8 treatment horses on day 0 in SC but not in GM (mean, 2.2; range, 0%‐10% of fibers). Supplementation with α‐TP for 56 days did not change the percentage of fibers with mitochondrial alterations or anguloid atrophy, or fiber size in GM or SC. Clinical rVEM horses had significantly more mitochondrial alterations (rVEM SC, 13% ± 7%; GM, 3% ± 2%) and anguloid atrophy compared to subclinical day 0 horses.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceClinically normal α‐TP‐deficient horses can have mitochondrial alterations in the SC that are less severe than in atrophied VEM cases and do not resolve after 56 days of α‐TP supplementation. Preventing α‐TP deficiency may be of long‐term importance for mitochondrial viability.
New insights into the mycobacterial PE and PPE proteins provide a framework for future research
Authors: Ates Louis S. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe PE and PPE proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been studied with great interest since their discovery. Named after the conserved proline (P) and glutamic acid (E) residues in their N‐terminal domains, these proteins are postulated to perform wide‐ranging roles in virulence and immune modulation. However, technical challenges in studying these proteins and their encoding genes have hampered the elucidation of molecular mechanisms and leave many open questions regarding the biological functions mediated by these proteins. Here, I review the shared and unique characteristics of PE and PPE proteins from a molecular perspective linking this information to their functions in mycobacterial virulence. I discuss how the different subgroups (PE_PGRS, PPE‐PPW, PPE‐SVP and PPE‐MPTR) are defined and why this classification of paramount importance to understand the PE and PPE proteins as individuals and or groups. The goal of this MicroReview is to summarize and structure the existing information on this gene family into a simplified framework of thinking about PE and PPE proteins and genes. Thereby, I hope to provide helpful starting points in studying these genes and proteins for researchers with different backgrounds. This has particular implications for the design and monitoring of novel vaccine candidates and in understanding the evolution of the M. tuberculosis complex.
In vitro comparison of dental implant site preparation with ultrasonic system and conventional rotatory system
Authors: Lanata‐Flores A. , Nascimento E.H.L. , Goulart D.R. , Haiter‐Neto F. , de Moraes M. , de Albergaria‐Barbosa J.R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo compare in vitro the site preparation of dental implant using a rotatory system and an ultrasonic system by evaluating the variability of temperature, time and primary stability that is provided by the different sequences of dental implant drills and tips.Materials and methodsSixteen osteotomies were performed with different sequences of drills (Initial, Titamax 2.0, 2/3 and 3.0) for the rotatory group (RG) and tips (IM1S, IM2P, IM2/3, IM3P) for the ultrasonic group (UG) on bovine cortical‐cancellous bone samples. Micro‐CT images were acquired to assess bone microarchitecture and bone mineral density of each sample to guarantee similar bone conditions. For the RG, the osteotomies were performed with a dental implant contra‐angle handpiece at 800 rpm and 50 N/cm maximum torque using an implant micromotor. For the UG, the osteotomies were performed using a Piezosurgery3 system with the respective tip. The temperature was measured and four implants 3.75 × 11 Titamax were installed in each group to measure the final torque.ResultsFor the RG, the following mean values were found: 22.87 s, 24.2°C superficial temperature, 27.6°C perforation temperature and 32.30 N/cm torque. The UG values were 72.9 s, 26.6°C superficial temperature, 32.1°C perforation temperature and 22.60 N/cm torque.ConclusionsRotatory and ultrasonic systems are effective methods for implant site preparation with satisfactory outcomes. For cortical‐cancellous preparation sites, the drills of the RG were related to lower temperatures and less time for osteotomy. Thus, the use of rotatory systems is preferred due to the heat differential generated during the dental implant sites preparation.
MX 2 is a novel regulator of cell cycle in melanoma cells
Authors: Juraleviciute Marina , Pozniak Joanna , Nsengimana Jérémie , Harland Mark , Randerson‐Moor Juliette , Wernhoff Patrik , Bassarova Assia , Øy Geir Frode , Trøen Gunhild , Flørenes Vivi Ann , Bishop David Timothy , Herlyn Meenhard , Newton‐Bishop Julia , Slipicevic Ana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMX2 protein is a dynamin‐like GTPase2 that has recently been identified as an interferon‐induced restriction factor of HIV‐1 and other primate lentiviruses. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs45430, in an intron of the MX2 gene, was previously reported as a novel melanoma susceptibility locus in genome‐wide association studies. Functionally, however, it is still unclear whether and how MX2 contributes to melanoma susceptibility and tumorigenesis. Here, we show that MX2 is differentially expressed in melanoma tumors and cell lines, with most metastatic cell lines showing lower MX2 expression than primary melanoma cell lines and melanocytes. Furthermore, high expression of MX2 RNA in primary melanoma tumors is associated with better patient survival. Overexpression of MX2 reduces in vivo proliferation partially through inhibition of AKT activation, suggesting that it can act as a tumor suppressor in melanoma. However, we have also identified a subset of melanoma cell lines with high endogenous MX2 expression where downregulation of MX2 leads to reduced proliferation. In these cells, MX2 downregulation interfered with DNA replication and cell cycle processes. Collectively, our data for the first time show that MX2 is functionally involved in the regulation of melanoma proliferation but that its function is context‐dependent.
Pediatric directors’ perception of clinical research education in Japan
Authors: Teruya Hideki , Takase Kozo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPediatric clinical research in Japan has declined recently, and a new policy requiring manuscripts of residents for the pediatric board examination was established in 2017. However, pediatric faculties appear to be confused about research education in residencies.MethodsQuestionnaires on research activities in residencies were distributed during the spring of 2018 to 500 pediatric directors in all educational hospitals in Japan. We collected data and performed statistical analyses: principal component analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons.ResultsWe received 252 (50.4%) responses and analyzed 243 (61 academic hospitals, 27 children’s hospitals, 151 community hospitals, and 4 unknown). About 137 (56.4%) of them supported the new policy. There were three main contentious points on attitudes to pediatric research among respondents: passion for research, particularity about disease research, and public spirit. There was a difference in passion for research between academics and non‐academics. A difference in pride in particular research was observed between PhDs and MDs. Differences in public spirit were not associated with scholarly degrees or hospital type.ConclusionsTo promote research education in residencies, pediatric faculties should confirm and share the aim that pediatricians should be scientific physicians with a research mentality developed through research activities and should notice social problems. Through research education, pediatric residents could approach the five outcomes for pediatricians provided by the Japan Pediatric Society: being general physicians, child healthcare supporters, advocates for children, scholars, and professionals.
Oral alterations in patients with cystinosis
Authors: Tuma Marina , Ordóñez‐Aguilera Juan Fernando , Rodriguez Christian Giancarlo Bernal , Antunes Rosana Saint Clair Correia Aires , Gallottini Marina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, which leads to abnormal accumulation of cysteine in various organs, including progressive dysfunction of kidneys. The most severe and frequent form, affecting ∼95% of patients, is termed infantile nephropathic cystinosis (NC) (OMIM 219800). We have reported oral findings in two patients with NC and described esthetic and functional rehabilitation in one of them. The first case describes a 16‐year‐old male patient, who was diagnosed with NC when he was 1‐year‐old. The patient exhibited generalized enamel hypoplasia, grade 1 drug‐induced gingival overgrowth, caries lesion in molar tooth and supernumerary tooth (ie, distomolar). The second case describes a 14‐year‐old male patient diagnosed with NC at 3 years old. Clinical examination revealed generalized enamel hypoplasia and grade 1 drug‐induced gingival overgrowth. Radiographic examination showed supernumerary tooth (mesiodens). The treatment included gingivoplasty and restoration with direct composite resin. The severity of hypoplasia highlights the importance of a dental rehabilitation treatment, as proposed here. Direct restoration with composite resin allowed harmony, function, and esthetics to be restored, in addition to being a rapid and low‐cost technique.
An autoregressive model based on the generalized hyperbolic distribution
Authors: Karttunen Henri 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe define a nonlinear autoregressive time series model based on the generalized hyperbolic distribution in an attempt to model time series with non‐Gaussian features such as skewness and heavy tails. We show that the resulting process has a simple condition for stationarity and it is also ergodic. An empirical example with a forecasting experiment is presented to illustrate the features of the proposed model.
Fairness decisions in children and early adolescents with and without hearing loss
Authors: Eichengreen Adva , Broekhof Evelien , Güroğlu Berna , Rieffe Carolien 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough having universal aspects, development of a sense of fairness, a milestone in children's social development, is influenced by social and cultural forces. Yet, it scarcely has been studied in children who are at risk for their social development, let alone in deaf and hard‐of‐hearing (DHH) children, who have limited access to linguistic and social input. This study examined for the first time equity preferences in DHH children compared with hearing counterparts. About 179 children (8–11 years) and early adolescents (12–14 years) played four economic allocation games where they distributed coins between themselves and another child. Participants with and without hearing loss were similar in conditions that entailed non‐costly prosociality or self‐maximization. However, DHH participants showed weaker inequity aversion in more complex conditions: DHH children were more willing to allow other players to receive more coins than themselves, compared with hearing children and to DHH or hearing adolescents, and DHH adolescents were less willing to share resources when it was self‐costly, compared with all other groups. Findings are discussed in light of the tension between norms of social comparison and norms of prosociality, and how they are reflected in developmental trajectories for inequity aversion when access to these norms is limited.
Antibody response following scrub typhus infection: clinical cohort study
Authors: Schmidt Wolf‐Peter , Devamani Carol S. , Rose Winsley , Alexander Neal , Prakash John A. J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveScrub typhus is a common cause of fever in Asia. The antibody response to infection and its effect on subsequent infection are unclear. We studied the IgM and IgG antibody response after infection, accounting for clinical severity.MethodWe studied 197 scrub typhus patients for up to 2 years post‐infection. Overall, 501 blood samples were analysed for scrub typhus antibodies using ELISA. IgM and IgG ELISA optical densities (OD) were analysed using quantile regression. OD values of 1.0 (IgM) and 1.5 (IgG) were used to define seropositivity.ResultsIgM OD values fell rapidly from an initial peak after infection. 50% of cases were IgM seronegative after 82 days. About 2 years after fever onset, 50% of cases had fitted IgG OD values of <1.5. Patients with high initial IgG OD values (≥2.5, used as a proxy for probable previous scrub typhus infection) had a more sustained IgG response than those with a low initial IgG OD, and more often presented with complications (18/36 = 50% vs. 28/91 = 30.8%, risk ratio = 1.63, 95% CI 1.04, 2.55, P = 0.035). This association was robust to adjusting for age (risk ratio 1.50, 95% CI 0.96, 2.33, P = 0.072).ConclusionCross‐sectional IgG seroprevalence data substantially underestimate the proportion in a population ever infected with scrub typhus. A high initial IgG as a potential marker for previous scrub typhus infection may be associated with long‐term IgG persistence and a higher risk of complicated scrub typhus.
Mesophyll conductance in land surface models: effects on photosynthesis and transpiration
Authors: Knauer Jürgen , Zaehle Sönke , De Kauwe Martin G. , Haverd Vanessa , Reichstein Markus , Sun Ying 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe CO2transfer conductance within plant leaves (mesophyll conductance,gm) is currently not considered explicitly in most land surface models (LSMs), but instead treated implicitly as an intrinsic property of the photosynthetic machinery. Here, we review approaches to overcome this model deficiency by explicitly accounting forgm, which comprises the re‐adjustment of photosynthetic parameters and a model describing the variation ofgmin dependence of environmental conditions. An explicit representation ofgmcauses changes in the response of photosynthesis to environmental factors, foremost leaf temperature, and ambient CO2concentration, which are most pronounced whengmis small. These changes in leaf‐level photosynthesis translate into a stronger climate and CO2response of gross primary productivity (GPP) and transpiration at the global scale. The results from two independent studies show consistent latitudinal patterns of these effects with biggest differences in GPP in the boreal zone (up to ~15%). Transpiration and evapotranspiration show spatially similar, but attenuated, changes compared with GPP. These changes are indirect effects ofgmcaused by the assumed strong coupling between stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in current LSMs. Key uncertainties in these simulations are the variation ofgmwith light and the robustness of its temperature response across plant types and growth conditions. Future research activities focusing on the response ofgmto environmental factors and its relation to other plant traits have the potential to improve the representation of photosynthesis in LSMs and to better understand its present and future role in the Earth system.
CONSTANS–FKBP12 interaction contributes to modulation of photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis
Authors: Serrano‐Bueno Gloria , Said Fatima E. , de los Reyes Pedro , Lucas‐Reina Eva I. , Ortiz‐Marchena M. Isabel , Romero José M. , Valverde Federico 
Published: October 2019

SummaryFlowering time is a key process in plant development. Photoperiodic signals play a crucial role in the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana, and the protein CONSTANS (CO) has a central regulatory function that is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post‐translational levels. The stability of CO protein depends on a light‐driven proteasome process that optimizes its accumulation in the evening to promote the production of the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and induce seasonal flowering. To further investigate the post‐translational regulation of CO protein we have dissected its interactome network employing in vivo and in vitro assays and molecular genetics approaches. The immunophilin FKBP12 has been identified in Arabidopsis as a CO interactor that regulates its accumulation and activity. FKBP12 and CO interact through the CCT domain, affecting the stability and function of CO. fkbp12 insertion mutants show a delay in flowering time, while FKBP12 overexpression accelerates flowering, and these phenotypes can be directly related to a change in accumulation of FT protein. The interaction is conserved between the Chlamydomonas algal orthologs CrCO–CrFKBP12, revealing an ancient regulatory step in photoperiod regulation of plant development.
Inhibition of Arabidopsis thaliana CIN‐like TCP transcription factors by Agrobacterium T‐DNA‐encoded 6B proteins
Authors: Potuschak Thomas , Palatnik Javier , Schommer Carla , Sierro Nicolas , Ivanov Nikolai V. , Kwon Yerim , Genschik Pascal , Davière Jean‐Michel , Otten Léon 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAgrobacterium T‐DNA‐encoded 6B proteins cause remarkable growth effects in plants. Nicotiana otophora carries two cellular T‐DNAs with three slightly divergent 6b genes (TE‐1‐6b‐L, TE‐1‐6b‐R and TE‐2‐6b) originating from a natural transformation event. In Arabidopsis thaliana, expression of 2×35S:TE‐2‐6b, but not 2×35S:TE‐1‐6b‐L or 2×35S:TE‐1‐6b‐R, led to plants with crinkly leaves, which strongly resembled mutants of the miR319a/TCP module. This module is composed of MIR319A and five CIN‐like TCP (TEOSINTHE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN BINDING FACTOR) genes (TCP2, TCP3, TCP4, TCP10 and TCP24) targeted by miR319a. The CIN‐like TCP genes encode transcription factors and are required for cell division arrest at leaf margins during development. MIR319A overexpression causes excessive growth and crinkly leaves. TE‐2‐6b plants did not show increased miR319a levels, but the mRNA levels of the TCP4 target gene LOX2 were decreased, as in jaw‐D plants. Co‐expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged TCPs with native or red fluorescent protein (RFP)‐tagged TE‐6B proteins led to an increase in TCP protein levels and formation of numerous cytoplasmic dots containing 6B and TCP proteins. Yeast double‐hybrid experiments confirmed 6B/TCP binding and showed that TE‐1‐6B‐L and TE‐1‐6B‐R bind a smaller set of TCP proteins than TE‐2‐6B. A single nucleotide mutation in TE‐1‐6B‐R enlarged its TCP‐binding repertoire to that of TE‐2‐6B and caused a crinkly phenotype in Arabidopsis. Deletion analysis showed that TE‐2‐6B targets the TCP4 DNA‐binding domain and directly interferes with transcriptional activation. Taken together, these results provide detailed insights into the mechanism of action of the N. otophora TE‐encoded 6b genes.
A novel MCT1 and MCT4 dual inhibitor reduces mitochondrial metabolism and inhibits tumour growth of feline oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Khammanivong Ali , Saha Jhuma , Spartz Angela K. , Sorenson Brent S. , Bush Alexander G. , Korpela Derek M. , Gopalakrishnan Raj , Jonnalagadda Shirisha , Mereddy Venkatram R. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Drewes Lester R. , Dickerson Erin B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMonocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) support tumour growth by regulating the transport of metabolites in the tumour microenvironment. High MCT1 or MCT4 expression is correlated with poor outcomes in human patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Recently, drugs targeting these transporters have been developed and may prove to be an effective treatment strategy for HNSCC. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive and treatment‐resistant malignancy resembling advanced or recurrent HNSCC. The goals of this study were to investigate the effects of a previously characterized dual MCT1 and MCT4 inhibitor, MD‐1, in OSCC as a novel treatment approach for feline oral cancer. We also sought to determine the potential of feline OSCC as a large animal model for the further development of MCT inhibitors to treat human HNSCC. In vitro, MD‐1 reduced the viability of feline OSCC and human HNSCC cell lines, altered glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism and synergized with platinum‐based chemotherapies. While MD‐1 treatment increased lactate concentrations in an HNSCC cell line, the inhibitor failed to alter lactate levels in feline OSCC cells, suggesting an MCT‐independent activity. In vivo, MD‐1 significantly inhibited tumour growth in a subcutaneous xenograft model and prolonged overall survival in an orthotopic model of feline OSCC. Our results show that MD‐1 may be an effective therapy for the treatment of feline oral cancer. Our findings also support the further investigation of feline OSCC as a large animal model to inform the development of MCT inhibitors and future clinical studies in human HNSCC.