bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the pharmacist role in ensuring of quarantine measures during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zaliska O. M. , Semenov O. M. , Maksymovych N. M. , Slabyy M. V. , Zalisky B. M. , Mudrak I. H. 
Published: December 2020

The pharmacist as a member of the medical team is responsible for the life and health of the population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in accordance with the recommendations of WHO and FIP, 2020. According to the WHO, 82% of patients with COVID-19 are treated by a family doctors and receive pharmaceutical care at the nearest pharmacies, but this can lead to unwanted contact between infected and healthy people, as well as contact with a pharmacist when dispensing drugs, which can lead to COVID-19 infection. Compliance with quarantine measures in accordance with the Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers and Orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in pharmacies is an important component of overall safety during a pandemic, and the role of pharmacists in preventing the COVID-19 pandemic is important.
The aim of this study was to conduct an expert evaluation of the effectiveness of quarantine measures due to the orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in pharmacies. The sample of 586 experts included pharmacists, heads of pharmacies in 6 regions of Ukraine: Lviv, Vinnytsia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, Khmelnytsky, Chernivtsi. According to a specially developed questionnaire «Assessment of the effectiveness of quarantine measures in the pharmacy at COVID-19» pharmacists were interviewed during March-October 2020. Methods of face-to-face questionnaires, interviews with the help of information and communication technologies, methods of generalization and systematization are used.
According to the results of the analysis of 586 questionnaires, the respondents were ranked according to the parameters: specialty, work experience, qualification category. It was found that in 97.5% of pharmacies quarantine measures were implemented in March, in 2.5% pharmacies were in April 2020. The results of the pharmacists' survey show that the most effective quarantine measures are: wearing a protective mask (99.0%), washing hands and using disinfectants (97.0%), maintaining a social distance between visitors and pharmacy staff, as well as visitors to each other 1.5 m (94.5%), washingof pharmacy surfaces and floors with disinfectant solutions (91.0%), ventilation of pharmacy rooms (89.5%).
Systematization of these questionnaires showed that 100% of pharmacists consider it necessary and prospective the approval by Ministry of Health of Ukraine a separate «Protocol of the pharmacist for the release of medicines and medical devices for the treatment of uncomplicated forms of coronavirus infection COVID-19» to optimize pharmaceutical care. Pharmacist as member of the medical team during the COVID-19 pandemic should conduct educational work among the population to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodological approaches to the development of the capsules «Phytohelmin» composition
Authors: Semchenko K. V. , Vyshnevska L. I. 
Published: December 2020

The existing range of medicines is represented by a variety of dosage forms. Among them a significant proportion takes oral solid dosage forms, in particular capsules. The introduction of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the capsule composition does not require the addition of flavouring agents and requires a significantly lower amount of excipients compared to the formation of tablet dosage forms.
In the development of dosage forms based on extracts of medicinal plants, the rational choice of the dosage form is important. The use of capsules allows making a composition of several extracts, providing the proper consumer characteristics of the finished product.
The aim of the workis to study methodological approaches to the development of the drug «Phytohelmin», proposed for use in the 3rd phase of the treatment of helminthiasis of the digestive system.
As the objects of research scientific works of domestic and foreign authors, databases and own findingswere selected. When conducting the own research, we used methods of bibliosemantic analysis, systematization and generalization of data.
Capsules are characterized as a dosage form: the definition, classification, features, advantages and disadvantages are presented. When developing a medicine for the treatment of helminthiases of the digestive system in phase III (eliminating the consequences of the disease and restoring the functions of the gastrointestinal tract), we selected the solid capsule dosage form. We present a decision tree for 6 stages of choosing the medicinal plant material to justify the capsule composition under the conditional name «Phytohelmin».
7 Degrees of the general algorithm for pharmaceutical development of capsules are described and solutions for each stage directly for the capsules of the proposed composition are given.
Based on the results obtained, the main methodological approaches to the development of drugs in the form of capsules are formulated, in particular, capsule characteristics and classification are given, and the advantages and disadvantages of this dosage form are analyzed. The tree of decisions on the choice of medicinal plant materials in the development of medicines and the final composition of the capsules «Phytohelmin», obtained on the basis of its application, is given. The general algorithm for the pharmaceutical development of capsules and the corresponding solutions for the development of «Phytohelmin» capsules based on it in accordance with the requirements of Guide 42-3.1: 2004 «Quality Guide. Medications. Pharmaceutical Development» is described.
Authors: Rosuliana Novi Enis , Adawiyah Robiatul , Fithriana Dina 
Published: December 2020

Early marriage is still common in developing countries, one of which is Indonesia. Majority of society unaware of the dangers of pregnancy or childbirth for mothers who are married less than 20 years. Intensive program review in an effort to empower girls can be effective in preventing child marriage earlier. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Community Skill Building on the tendency to marry young girls on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The research design used was a quasi-experimental with a pre test post test with control group design. The sample in this study were young women consisting of the control and intervention groups. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire on early marriage tendency which consisted of 47 statement items. The data analysis in this study used the Mann Whitney U Test and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results of the Mann Whitney U Test analysis with the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.024 <value α 0.05, indicating that there is an effect of community skill building on adolescents on the tendency to marry early. The conclusions in this study indicated that the provision of community skill building can reduce the tendency to marry young girls. The research recommendation is the implementation of a coaching program for young women, especially regarding the impact of early marriage.
Keywords: Community Skill Building; Get married early; teenage girl
G.K. Chesterton o la alegría de vivir
Authors: Bobadilla Rodríguez Francisco 
Published: December 2020

Maestro de la paradoja, Chesterton es maestro, también, del sentido del humor. La alegría que resuma en sus escritos presenta la realidad como una gran comedia humana. La fragilidad y malicia de los recovecos humanos comparecen en sus escritos, pero no hay el menor asomo de morbosidad. La bondad en su sencillez desarmada basta para desatar los nudos de la condición humana.
El surgimiento de un discurso autorreflexivo literario en la tradición narrativa peruana
Authors: Heredia Mimbela Lenin 
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este artículo consiste en situar o contextualizar, en el marco del sistema literario peruano, el surgimiento de un discurso autorreflexivo propio del narrador del siglo XXI. Para ello, se ha dividido en tres partes principales. En la primera, teniendo como punto de partida el aporte de Antonio Cornejo Polar, se rastrea de forma general la noción de sistema literario, que parte del formalismo ruso, y su uso particular dentro de la tradición crítica latinoamericana. Asimismo, se precisan cuáles son los elementos que conforman dicho sistema, según la teoría de los polisistemas del investigador israelí Itamar Even-Zohar. En la segunda parte, se constata el particular funcionamiento de estos elementos dentro de la literatura peruana; se enfatiza la figura del escritor, el crítico y la institucionalidad que respalda sus relaciones. En la última parte, se precisan cuáles son, en este contexto, los elementos que permiten el surgimiento de dicho discurso autorreflexivo literario, cómo se lleva a cabo y qué características presenta.
Comunicación lineal, dinámica y productiva en restaurantes: análisis de noticias antes y durante la COVID-19 en México y España
Authors: Lozano Gutiérrez María Dolores 
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este artículo es comparar el nivel de comunicación lineal, dinámica y productiva antes y durante la COVID-19 en noticias de México y España con las palabras restaurante y comunicación en la plataforma Google, de enero a mayo 2020, para analizar la prioridad estratégica a la que se enfocan sus esfuerzos comunicativos. El análisis versa sobre la categorización de las noticias como comunicación de tipo lineal, dinámica o productiva a partir de la Teoría de la Comunicación Productiva de Abraham Nosnik (2001, 2012). Los resultados muestran una mayor proporción de comunicación lineal antes de la COVID-19 y un incremento en la comunicación productiva durante la COVID-19 tanto en México como en España. Antes de la COVID-19 los temas de comunicación eran distintos en ambos países mientras que durante la COVID-19 se muestra una mayor coincidencia en los temas de comunicación.
Assessment of the impact of clearcutting on groundwater regime in swampy habitats
Authors: Stasik Rafal 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study was evaluation of clearcutting effect on water regime in a tree harvesting area. The results was made on the basis of the study carried out in Rakowski Ditch catchment, in Wielkopolska lowland in Poland. It was found that a more useful method to establish the effects of clearcutting is to is to compare the groundwater table level in the post-clearcutting area with that in a control area than to analyze the groundwater table level changes in the same area before and after the clearcutting. Regression analysis is a particularly useful tool in groundwater regime analyzes. The results obtained in this study indicated that the groundwater regime changes in the post-clearcutting area were manifested as an increase in the average groundwater levels. The major changes in the groundwater table after clearcutting were observed in the minimum levels, while the lowest changes took place in the maximum groundwater levels. The variation in groundwater levels was higher in the period after clearcutting than in the period before it. The analysis of linear regression of groundwater levels in the well located in clearcutting and that in the control area confirmed the change in the groundwater regime in the post-clearcutting area. Stronger relations in the period before clearcutting were observed. Key words: clearcutting, groundwater, forest catchment, swampy habitats
La docencia universitaria ante la educacion confinada: Oportunidades para la resiliencia
Authors: Camacho Nelcar , Cortez Cristian , Carrillo Alfonso 
Published: December 2020

El ensayo tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre las oportunidades para la superación y aprendizajes que la educación confinada, o educación en el hogar, ha impuesto para los docentes universitarios. Se parte de la premisa que ante la emergencia de un contexto educativo imprevisto, el docente universitario mediante una actuación resilente, puede encontrar en la virtualidad el nuevo significado de su rol inequívoco en la superación del tsunami educativo. Como reflexión final se plantea que en la educación universitaria, la conectividad y el acceso a la educación a distancia dejaron de ser una modalidad alternativa al quehacer del docente, de modo que lograr su desempeño asertivo significará la posibilidad de constituirse en protagonista de la mayor innovación educativa en la historia de la educación universitaria.
SEKULARISASI DALAM PERUNDANGAN TURKI DAN KESANNYA TERHADAP MASYARAKAT
Authors: KHALIS IBRAHIM MUHAMMAD , MOHD NOR MOHD ROSLAN 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak
Pengisytiharan Turki sebagai sebuah negara republik oleh Mustafa Kemal Ataturk telah membuka laluan kepada proses sekularisasi, khususnya dalam aspek perundangan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses sekularisasi dalam perundangan Turki serta mengenal pasti kesannya terhadap masyarakat. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kajian kepustakaan dan dokumentasi sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Metode analisis kandungan dijalankan ke atas data-data yang diperoleh. Kajian mendapati proses sekularisasi perundangan Turki telah dilakukan sejak era Khilafah Uthmaniyyah dan diteruskan secara lebih agresif pada era Ataturk. Sekularisasi dalam perundangan telah memberi kesan terhadap gaya hidup masyarakat di bandar serta menyumbang kepada konflik polarisasi masyarakat. Justeru, kajian ini menegaskan bahawa sekularisasi dalam perundangan Turki merupakan cerminan kepada kegagalan Ataturk dalam membezakan di antara keperluan untuk maju dengan keperluan bagi memelihara Islam sebagai warisan tradisi Turki.
Kata kunci: Khilafah Uthmaniyyah, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, sekularisasi, perundangan Turki, Perlembagaan Turki, polarisasi masyarakat.
Abstract
The declaration of Turkey as a republic by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk paved the way to the secularization process, especially in legal aspect. This study aims to examine the process of secularization in Turkish legislation and its impacts on society. This study was conducted through library research and documentation methods for the data collection. Content analysis method was carried out on those data. The study found that the secularization process of Turkish legislation was done since the era of the Ottoman Caliphate, and the process was continued aggressively during Ataturk era. Secularization in Turkish legislation has affected the lifestyle of urban people and contributed to the polarization of society. This study argues that the secularization in Turkish legislation was a reflection of Ataturkâ€™s failure to distinguish between the necessities of modernization with the need to preserve Islam as a heritage of Turkish tradition.
Keywords: Ottoman Caliphate, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, secularization, Turkish legislation, Constitution of Turkey, polarization of society.
O papel do usuário em metodologias de projeto de sinalização | The user role in signage design methodologies
Authors: Scherer Fabiano De Vargas , Cattani Airton , Da Silva Tania Luisa Koltermann 
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho busca investigar como metodologias de projeto de sinalização, destacadas nas referencias bibliográficas, consideram a participação do usuário em suas diversas etapas e/ou fases. O objetivo é entender qual o seu papel no processo, tanto no que diz respeito a sua forma de participação (informativo, consultivo e participativo), quanto à etapa em que pode se dar o envolvimento (planejamento, projeto e implementação). Inicialmente foram abordados os conceitos e as implicações de sinalização e design centrado no usuário e, na sequencia, analisadas as metodologias que abordam o tema,através das diretrizes apontadas pela ISO WD 9241-210 (2010) e por Maguire (2001): (1) entendimento das necessidades do usuário; (2) participação do usuário no processo de projeto e, em caso afirmativo, (3) em que etapas ocorre e (4) de que maneira ela se manifesta. Os resultados apontam que quando o usuário é levado em consideração, isso acontece principalmente nas etapas iniciais do projeto, concentrando-se na compreensão de suas exigências e do contexto de uso e, de maneira mais tímida, durante a condução e finalização do projeto. Ainda, demonstram a preponderância do conhecimento técnico do projetista sobre o conhecimento advindo dos diferentes públicos ligado ao projeto (clientes, fabricantes, usuários etc.).+++++This study seeks to investigate how the signage design methodologies identified in the bibliographical references consider user participation in their various stages and/or phases. It aims to understand their role in the process, in terms both of type of participation (informative, consultative, and participatory) and of stages of involvement (planning, design and implementation). Consideration of the concepts and implications of user-centred signage and design was followed by analysis of the topic according to the directives indicated by ISO WD 9241-210 (2010) and Maguire (2001): (1) understanding of user requirements; (2) user participation in the design process and if it occurs, (3) the stages at which it does and (4) the way in which it takes place. The results indicate that when users are taken into consideration it is mainly in the early stages of the design, concentrating on understanding user requirements and usage context and, more tentatively, during the design process and finalisation. Moreover, they demonstrate a dominance of the designer’s technical knowledge about information gathered from different publics connected to the project (clients, manufacturers, users etc.).
As variáveis intervenientes no comportamento informacional durante o wayfinding em hospitais: implicações no design de sistemas de informação | Intervening variables in the informational behavior during healthcare wayfinding: implication for information systems design
Authors: Smythe Kelli C.A.S. 
Published: December 2020

Na orientação espacial em hospitais os usuários deparam-se com diferentes barreiras na busca por informação que os auxilie a encontrar os locais desejados. Para o design de sistemas de wayfinding a compreensão de tais barreiras pode subsidiar a geração de requisitos projetuais. Como meio de auxiliar essa compreensão, este trabalho propõe verificar quais as variáveis são identificadas pelos usuários de ambientes hospitalares na procura e uso de informação durante o wayfinding. Para tanto, inicialmente foram descritos aspectos sobre o processo de orientação espacial, localizados os artefatos gráfico-informacionais enquanto inputs cognitivos e apresentadas as variáveis intervenientes no comportamento de procura informacional. Na sequência foi realizada entrevistas com usuários para verificação dos aspectos interferentes na orientação espacial em hospitais. Os resultados apontaram as principais barreiras relativas as fontes de informação verbal e visual, apresentando a potencialidade dos dados obtidos na geração de requisitos para o design de sistemas de wayfinding.*****In spatial orientation in hospitals users are faced with different barriers in the information seek that helps them to find the desired places. For the design of wayfinding systems, the understanding of such barriers can subsidize the generation of design requirements. As a means of assiting this understanding, this paper proposes to verify which variables are identified by users of hospital environments in the search and use of information during the wayfinding. For this, it was initially described aspects of the spatial orientation process, located the graphic-informational artifacts as cognitive inputs and presented the intervening variables in the informational behaviour seek. Following interviews were conducted with users, in hospitals, to verify the interfering aspects in the wayfinding. The results pointed to the main barriers related to the verbal and visual information sources, showing the potential of the data obtained in the generation requirements for wayfinding systems design.
Odd hydrogen response thresholds for indication of solar proton and electron impact in the mesosphere and stratosphere
Authors: Häkkilä Tuomas , Verronen Pekka T. , Millán Luis , Szeląg Monika E. , Kalakoski Niilo , Kero Antti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Understanding the atmospheric forcing from energetic particle precipitation (EPP) is important for climate simulations on decadal time scales. However, presently there are large uncertainties in energy flux measurements of electron precipitation. One approach to narrowing these uncertainties is by analyses of EPP direct atmospheric impacts and their relation to measured EPP fluxes. Here we use observations from the microwave limb sounder (MLS) and Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) simulations, together with EPP fluxes from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) to determine the OH and HO2 response thresholds to solar proton events (SPEs) and radiation belt electron (RBE) precipitation. Because of their better signal-to-noise ratio and extended altitude range, we utilize MLS HO2 data from an improved offline processing instead of the standard operational product. We consider a range of altitudes in the middle atmosphere and all magnetic latitudes from pole to pole.
We find that the nighttime flux limits for day-to-day EPP impact detection using OH and HO2 are 50–130 protonscm-2s-1sr-1 (E>10 MeV) and 1.0–2.5×104 electronscm-2s-1sr-1 (E = 100–300 keV). Based on the WACCM simulations, nighttime OH and HO2 are good EPP indicators in the polar regions and provide best coverage in altitude and latitude. Due to larger background concentrations, daytime detection requires larger EPP fluxes and is possible in the mesosphere only. SPE detection is easier than RBE detection because a wider range of polar latitudes is affected, i.e., the SPE impact is rather uniform poleward of 60∘, while the RBE impact is focused at 60∘. Altitude-wise, the SPE and RBE detection are possible at ≈ 35–80 and ≈ 65–75 km, respectively. We also find that the MLS OH observations indicate a clear nighttime response to SPE and RBE in the mesosphere, similar to the simulations. However, the MLS OH data are too noisy for response detection in the stratosphere below 50 km, and the HO2 measurements are overall too noisy for confident EPP detection on a day-to-day basis.