bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ring-Structured DNA and RNA as Key Players In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Liang Xingguo , Chen Hui , Li Lin , An Ran , Komiyama Makoto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Ring-structured DNA and RNA exhibit a variety of unique features in chemistry, biology, medicine, material science, and so on, which cannot be accomplished by their non-cyclic counterparts. In this review, both naturally occurring DNA/RNA rings and artificially synthesized ones have been comprehensively covered, mainly to bridge these two growing fields. In the first part, the structures and functions of naturally occurring DNA/RNA rings (extrachromosomal circular DNA, circulating cell-free DNAs, cyclic RNAs, and others) are described. Their roles as biomarkers for disease diagnosis are especially noteworthy. The second part mainly presents recent methods to synthesize DNA/RNA rings selectively and efficiently from oligonucleotide fragments. DNA/RNA rings of desired sequences and sizes are successfully prepared in large amounts for versatile applications. Production of RNA rings in cells using autocatalytic transcripts is also described. Lastly, practical applications of DNA/RNA rings are briefly reviewed. Critical significance of the cooperation of these two areas for further developments, as well as strong potential for interdisciplinary studies, have been emphasized.
Representing antibiotic relationships using measurements of efficacy against clinical isolates
Authors: Shaw Liam 
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worrying and confusing problem for both patients and medical professionals. It is often difficult for non-specialists to understand how different antibiotics are related to one another. Here, I use experimental data from hundreds of thousands of clinical isolates to infer relationships between antibiotics and represent them with simple diagrams. Methods. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a bacterial isolate for a given antibiotic is defined as the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth. Measuring MICs for multiple antibiotics using the same isolate implicitly records the relationships of the antibiotics for a given species. The basic principle is that antibiotics with similar mechanisms of action should give rise to similar mechanisms of resistance, so should have correlated MICs across large numbers of isolates. This information can then be used to calculate distances between antibiotics based on pairwise correlations of their rank-ordered MICs. I apply this approach to a large historical AMR surveillance dataset (the Pfizer ATLAS surveillance dataset, 2004-2017). Results. I demonstrate that clustering antibiotics in this way allows a simple visual comparison of how similar antibiotics are to each other based on their efficacy within a species. The resulting visualizations broadly recapitulate antibiotic classes. They also clearly show the dramatic effects of combining beta-lactam antibiotics with beta-lactamase inhibitors, as well as highlighting antibiotics which have unexpected correlations in MICs that are not predicted from their chemical similarities alone. Conclusion. Large AMR surveillance datasets can be used in a hypothesis-free manner to show relationships between antibiotics based on their real-world efficacy.
Adolescent Autopsychological Competence as a Target for the Development of Self-Knowledge in Group Psychological Work
Authors: Griboedova O. 
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the relationship between autopsychological competence and self-knowledge of adolescents in order to determine the scientific basis for the development of self-knowledge through group developmental psychological work. The author focuses on the need to use autopsychological competence as a target reference point (result) of the development of self-knowledge of adolescents in the framework of the implementation of new educational tasks of the national project "Education" and the Federal state educational standard of basic education.
The article clarifies the concept of autopsychological competence, makes sense of its structural and content characteristics, and determines the place of self-knowledge in the development of autopsychological competence of adolescent children.
Based on the analysis of modern domestic research, the author determined that self-knowledge is the basis for the formation of autopsychological competence, which in turn is the result of self-knowledge and reflects the degree of its development. It is noted that autopsychological competence is a necessary tool and mechanism for the formation of subjectivity, the formation of which is due to the accumulation of autopsychological experience of internal activity.
The article defines the scientific basis for building a program for the development of autopsychological competence of adolescents as a target for the development of their self-knowledge.
In conclusion, the author presents the conclusions that the use of the construct "autopsychological competence" in the development of programs for the development of self-knowledge of adolescents allows structuring and algorithmizing this work, translating it into an instrumentally understandable applied sphere of developmental work with adolescents, observing the competence approach in education and upbringing of schoolchildren, set by the state as a new task in new educational conditions.
A competência relacional de enfermeiros em unidades de centros cirúrgicos
Authors: Santos Danilo José dos , Henriques Silvia Helena , Leal Laura Andrian , Soares Mirelle Inácio , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi , Silva Beatriz Regina da 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: identificar e descrever como é desenvolvida a competência relacional no cotidiano do trabalho de enfermeiros cirúrgicos e identificar em que momento/situações o enfermeiro utiliza essa competência. Método: estudo exploratório, qualitativo. O cenário foram unidades cirúrgicas pertencentes a cinco instituições hospitalares privadas de um município no Estado de Minas Gerais e a amostra composta por 43 enfermeiros atuantes destas unidades. Foi realizada a técnica de grupo focal em 2018 e os dados foram interpretados pela análise temática indutiva. Resultados: evidenciou-se que a competência relacional se dá por meio do desenvolvimento de capacidades a serem adquiridas pelos enfermeiros, tais como o gerenciamento de conflitos, comunicação assertiva, gestão de pessoas por meio do dimensionamento de pessoal e inteligência emocional. Conclusão: O ambiente cirúrgico demanda atividades que potencializam o desgaste físico e emocional do enfermeiro com demais membros da equipe de saúde, o que torna imprescindível o aprimoramento de capacidades/aptidões associadas a competência relacional.
Autodeclaração racial e desdobramentos educacionais na escola estadual General Azevedo Costa
Authors: Videira Piedade Lino , Penha Sabrina Silva , Oliveira Wesley Vaz de 
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho aborda questões educacionais do processo formativo relativo a autodeclaração racial dos estudantes do ensino médio da Escola Estadual General Azevedo Costa, localizada no município de Macapá-AP. O objetivo desta análise consiste em investigar como os estudantes do ensino médio se autodeclaram do ponto de vista racial. Utilizou-se como metodologia práticas pesquisa qualitativa por meio da aplicação de questionários aos discentes, registros e anotações em atividade de campo, e a pesquisa quantitativa para auxiliar na análise dos dados. Assim, constatou-se que a autodeclaração racial é configurada de maneira complexa pelos discentes, visto que a construção da identidade negra é um processo dificultoso, permeada de tensões, com implicações formativas e educacionais.
Pedagogia da Circularidade: fundamentos de ensino inspirados no Unzó ia Kisimbi ria Maza Nzambi
Authors: Ferreira Tássio 
Published: September 2020

A Lei 10.639/03, isoladamente, não representará efeito real no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação básica brasileira. A questão é ampliada sendo necessário refletir sobre a constituição da escola, seus pilares didáticos que não refletem o modo de pensar/existir/expressar da maioria das pessoas do país. Esta pesquisa reflete sobre os processos de ensino-aprendizagem inspirados no conhecimento tradicional do Candomblé Congo-Angola, ancorado na filosofia Bantu, em sua visão de mundo e noção de sociedade. Para adensar a discussão, o Terreiro Unzó ia Kisimbi ria Maza Nzambi é afrografado na pesquisa como uma inspiração para pensar em uma educação antirracista que favoreça a integralização da pessoa como cerne do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Homens negros, futebol e memórias coletivas em Mato Grosso
Authors: Pinho Vilma Aparecida , Grunennvaldt José Tarcísio 
Published: September 2020

As análises deste artigo centram nos significados que as memórias atribuem às relações étnico-raciais no futebol a partir das lembranças de ex-jogadores negros campeões no estado de Mato de Grosso que atuaram entre os anos de 1950 a 1970. A metodologia utilizada foi a história oral orientada por perguntas abertas sobre futebol, sociabilidades e relações étnico-raciais. Utilizamos fotografias para verificar as equipes no que se refere a raça/cor e a classificação nos certames nos quais participaram os entrevistados. Os resultados indicam que as memórias buscam contrapor uma história de [in] visibilidade do negro. Nesse sentido, os ex-jogadores fazem releituras de si e se valem da memória para inscrever a sua história do lugar de protagonista na história do esporte. Os sentidos que emergem da memória rompem com a noção de subalternidade racial para uma perspectiva de reconhecimento e valorização coletiva.
A heart failure care optimisation project in the north of Scotland
Authors: O'Hara Marianne , Smith Amanda , Foster Emma , Leslie Stephen J 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: This project aimed to assess and optimise the treatment of all patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: Consecutive patients discharged with a heart failure code (ICD-10) between April 2014 and July 2017 were included. The medical records were reviewed to ensure optimal medical therapy and in cases where this was not being received, a process of ‘active optimisation’ was initiated. Results: Out of 656 patients, 139 were identified as eligible for guideline-directed treatment, 129 (93%) of which were receiving optimal medical therapy. Of these, 47 (36%) were deemed to be optimised but were not on full guideline-directed therapy owing to contraindication, intolerance, comorbidities or non-compliance. Conclusion: The project data reflect real-world patients and practice and highlight a tension between guideline-based care and real-life (realistic) medicine.
The molecular mechanism study of COMP involved in the articular cartilage damage of Kashin-Beck disease
Authors: Ma Mei , Liang Xiao , Wang Xi , Zhang Lu , Cheng Shiqiang , Guo Xiong , Zhang Feng , Wen Yan 
Published: September 2020

Aims Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a kind of chronic osteochondropathy, thought to be caused by environmental risk factors such as T-2 toxin. However, the exact aetiology of KBD remains unclear. In this study, we explored the functional relevance and biological mechanism of cartilage oligosaccharide matrix protein (COMP) in the articular cartilage damage of KBD. Methods The articular cartilage specimens were collected from five KBD patients and five control subjects for cell culture. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The survival rate of C28/I2 chondrocyte cell line was detected by MTT assay after T-2 toxin intervention. The cell viability and mRNA expression levels of apoptosis related genes between COMP-overexpression groups and control groups were examined after cell transfection. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels of COMP were significantly lower in KBD chondrocytes than control chondrocytes. After the T-2 toxin intervention, the COMP mRNA expression of C28/I2 chondrocyte reduced and the protein level of COMP in three intervention groups was significantly lower than in the control group. MTT assay showed that the survival rate of COMP overexpression KBD chondrocytes were notably higher than in the blank control group. The mRNA expression levels of Survivin, SOX9, Caspase-3, and type II collagen were also significantly different among COMP overexpression, negative control, and blank control groups. Conclusion Our study results confirmed the functional relevance of COMP with KBD. COMP may play an important role in the excessive chondrocytes apoptosis of KBD patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(9):578–586.
Pemberian Biskuit Sandwich Meningkatkan Berat Badan Ibu Hamil Berisiko Kurang Energi Kronis
Authors: Andriani Rika , Kartasurya Martha Irene , Nugraheni Sri Achadi 
Published: September 2020

Pertambahan berat badan yang kurang selama kehamilan dapat menyebabkan ibu melahirkan bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR). Di Kabupaten Tegal, pada tahun 2016 jumlah ibu hamil kurang energi kronis (KEK) yaitu 18,7 % meningkat dari 6,5 % pada tahun 2015. Pemberian makanan tambahan berupa biskuit sandwich merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk perbaikan gizi ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh program pemberian makanan tambahan terhadap status gizi ibu hamil KEK kuasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian semua ibu hamil KEK di Kabupaten Tegal. Subjek penelitian 51 bumil KEK (gakin) kelompok perlakuan yang mendapatkan makananan tambahan dan 51 bumil KEK (non gakin) kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur, dan penimbangan berat badan. Peningkatan berat badan diukur sebelum diberikan makanan tambahan pada awal trimester III dan sesaat sebelum melahirkan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan independent-test dan GLM (General Linier Model). Sebagian besar responden pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol berumur 20-35 tahun Pendidikan terakhir responden pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol sebagian besar lulusan SMP yaitu 22 (43,1 %) responden. Peningkatan berat badan ibu hamil KEK pada kelompok perlakuan (5,5±1,10 kg) lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol (4,9±0,93 kg) dengan p=0,001. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian makanan tambahan dapat meningkatkan berat badan ibu hamil KEK. Disarankan selama pemberian makanan tambahan dilakukan pengawasan dan meningkatkan motivasi konsumsi biskuit.
Analisis Faktor Determinan Stunting di Desa Pesa Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Suherman Rostinah , Nurhaidah Nurhaidah 
Published: September 2020

Negara Indonesia menempati peringkat ke 5 dunia dengan jumlah anak pendek terbanyak. Hasil Riskesdas Tahun 2018, prevalensi berat badan anak umur dibawah 5 Tahun sebesar 19,6% dan Stunting 37,2%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor utama yang menyebabkan Stunting di Desa Pesa Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Bima karena berdasarkan observasi awal didapatkan data Stunting pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Bima sebesar 40%. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner dan observasi untuk mencari faktor-faktor penyebab Stunting yaitu gizi, Personal Hygene, Keamanan Pangan, Sanitasi Lingkungan, dan penyakit infeksi sehingga dapat diidentifikasi faktor dominan yang menyebabkan Stunting pada balita di Desa Pesa Kecamatan Wawo Kabupaten Bima. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji chi square dan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil penelitian 55,9% berada pada kondisi stunting (pendek). Faktor gizi, penyakit infeksi, hygene/sanitasi, keamanan pangan atau pemberian makan berhubungan dengan kejadian balita stunting (ρ<0,05). Penelitian ini menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan empat faktor yang secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi stunting (pendek) di Desa Pesa Kabupaten Wawo yaitu Faktor gizi, penyakit infeksi, hygene/sanitasi, keamanan pangan atau pemberian makan. Faktor yang paling dominan adalah keamanan pangan atau pemberian makan (POR=37,242). Risiko keamanan pangan atau pemberian makan yang tidak baik berisiko 37 kali pada balitanya menderita stunting bila dibandingkan dengan balita yang memiliki keamanan pangan atau pola pemberian makan baik.
Three Christian Funerary Stelae from the Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst at Munich
Authors: Hidding Aaltje 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article presents a full publication of three Christian funerary stelae from Egypt, which were bought in 1912 by Friedrich von Bissing and are now in the Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst at Munich. The first one represents an orans figure, the second depicts a crux ansata and the third has the names Pasep inscribed (in Greek) on the front and Phanes on the back. Although the precise provenance of these pieces is unknown, stylistic features suggest they are from Deir el-Bala’iza, Armant and Edfu respectively.
Comparison of spectral characteristics in human and pig biliary system with hyperspectral imaging (HSI)
Authors: Cooney Gary Sean , Barberio Manuel , Diana Michele , Sucher Robert , Chalopin Claire , Köhler Hannes 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Injuries to the biliary tree during surgical, endoscopic or invasive radiological diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving the pancreas, liver or organs of the upper gastrointestinal tract give rise to the need to develop a method for clear discrimination of biliary anatomy from surrounding tissue. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging optical technique in disease diagnosis and image-guided surgery with inherent advantages of being a non-contact, non-invasive, and non-ionizing technique. HSI can produce quantitative diagnostic information about tissue pathology, morphology, and chemical composition. HSI was applied in human liver transplantation and compared to porcine model operations to assess the capability of discriminating biliary anatomy from surrounding biological tissue. Absorbance spectra measured from bile ducts, gall bladder, and liver show a dependence on tissue composition and bile concentration, with agreement between human and porcine datasets. The bile pigment biliverdin and structural proteins collagen and elastin were identified as contributors to the bile duct and gall bladder absorbance spectra.
EyeRobot: enabling telemedicine using a robot arm and a head-mounted display
Authors: Yu Kevin , Wegele Thomas , Ostler Daniel , Wilhelm Dirk , Feußner Hubertus 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Telemedicine has become a valuable asset in emergency responses for assisting paramedics in decision making and first contact treatment. Paramedics in unfamiliar environments or time-critical situations often encounter complications for which they require external advice. Modern ambulance vehicles are equipped with microphones, cameras, and vital sensors, which allow experts to remotely join the local team. However, the visual channels are rarely used since the statically installed cameras only allow broad views at the patient. They neither allow a close-up view nor a dynamic viewpoint controlled by the remote expert. In this paper, we present EyeRobot, a concept which enables dynamic viewpoints for telepresence using the intuitive control of the user’s head motion. In particular, EyeRobot utilizes the 6 degrees of freedom pose estimation capabilities of modern head-mounted displays and applies them in real-time to the pose of a robot arm. A stereo-camera, installed on the end-effector of the robot arm, serves as the eyes of the remote expert at the local site. We put forward an implementation of EyeRobot and present the results of our pilot study which indicates its intuitive control.
Force estimation from 4D OCT data in a human tumor xenograft mouse model
Authors: Neidhardt Maximilian , Gessert Nils , Gosau Tobias , Kemmling Julia , Feldhaus Susanne , Schumacher Udo , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Minimally invasive robotic surgery offer benefits such as reduced physical trauma, faster recovery and lesser pain for the patient. For these procedures, visual and haptic feedback to the surgeon is crucial when operating surgical tools without line-of-sight with a robot. External force sensors are biased by friction at the tool shaft and thereby cannot estimate forces between tool tip and tissue. As an alternative, vision-based force estimation was proposed. Here, interaction forces are directly learned from deformation observed by an external imaging system. Recently, an approach based on optical coherence tomography and deep learning has shown promising results. However, most experiments are performed on ex-vivo tissue. In this work, we demonstrate that models trained on dead tissue do not perform well in in vivo data. We performed multiple experiments on a human tumor xenograft mouse model, both on in vivo, perfused tissue and dead tissue. We compared two deep learning models in different training scenarios. Training on perfused, in vivo data improved model performance by 24% for in vivo force estimation.
New insights in diagnostic laparoscopy
Authors: Berlet Maximilian , Hartwig Regine , Feussner Hubertus , Neumann Philipp-Alexander , Wilhelm Dirk 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The basic concept of Diagnostic Laparoscopy (DL) is old but not old-fashioned. – Before the rise of tomography and ultrasound there was just the direct look into the abdomen and onto the affected organ available. As open surgery comes along with trauma, blood loss and infection, every effort have been made to improve the access strategies. Finally, due to innovation in optics, video technology and computer science, the look into the abdomen through a “keyhole” is a standard procedure today. – In this review we give an overview of history, implications and cost-effectiveness of DL, attempting an extrapolation of its future role.
Training of patient handover in virtual reality
Authors: Streuber Sebastian , Saalfeld Patrick , Podulski Katja , Hüttl Florentine , Huber Tobias , Buggenhagen Holger , Boedecker Christian , Preim Bernhard , Hansen Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Patient handover is an important part for information transfer between medical professionals in a clinical setting. Yet, in current medical education, these conversations are only trained sparsely, since they are costly to perform as they take place in offsite courses and are led by experts over several days. Virtual reality (VR)-based training courses could increase the availability of training, by eliminating travel costs and reducing the time-commitment of the teaching experts. This work presents a VR prototype of a multi-user training and examination application for patient handover. To ensure a similar interaction quality to its current real world counterpart, this work used omni-directional video recordings to create a realistic setting and compared different projection methods. A pilot study highlighted distinct use-cases of sphere and mesh projections to visualize the recordings. The results suggest enhanced spatial presence relating to the usage of omni-directional videos in VR-applications.
Using formal ontology for the representation of morphological properties of anatomical structures in endoscopic surgery
Authors: Schäfermeier Ralph , Uciteli Alexandr , Kropf Stefan , Herre Heinrich 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present results to the problem of an adequate and compact symbolic representation of morphological features of anatomical structures that serve as surgical landmarks for automated assistance in endoscopic surgery using the General Formal Ontology (GFO) as a formal framework. For this purpose, we employed a translation from this first-order logic representation to a more compact description logic based formalism with the associated benefits, such as the availability of decidable reasoning procedures, for the purpose of automated landmark recognition in a hybrid symbolic/subsymbolic AI approach.