bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis Reveals the Potential Mechanisms of Hemolysis Effect of Ophiopogonin D and Ophiopogonin D’ in vivo
Authors: Huan-Hua Xu , Jiang Zhen-Hong , Huang Cong-Shu , Sun Yu-Ting , Xu Long-Long , Tang Xiang-Ling , Tan Hong-Ling , Ma Zeng-Chun , Gao Yue 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: OPD and OPD' are the two main active components of Ophiopogon japonicas in Shenmai injection (SMI). Being isomers of each other, they are supposed to have similar pharmacological activities, but the actual situation is complicated. The difference of hemolytic behavior between OPD and OPD' in vivo and in vitro was discovered and reported by our group for the first time. In vitro, only OPD' showed hemolysis reaction, while in vivo, both OPD and OPD' caused hemolysis. The primary cause of hemolysis in vitro has been confirmed to be related to the difference between physical and chemical properties of OPD and OPD', but the mechanism of hemolysis in vivo is still unclear, especially the existing research are still difficult to explain why OPD shows the inconsistent hemolysis behavior in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the study of hemolysis of OPD and OPD' in vivo is of great practical significance in response to the increase of adverse events of SMI.Methods: Aiming at the hemolysis in vivo, this manuscript adopted untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics technology to preliminarily explore the changes of plasma metabolites and lipids of OPD- and OPD'-treated rats. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system tandem with different mass spectrometers (MS) and different columns respectively. Multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to screen the differential metabolites and lipids.Results: Both OPD and OPD' groups experienced hemolysis, Changes in endogenous differential metabolites and differential lipids, enrichment of differential metabolic pathways, and correlation analysis of differential metabolites and lipids all indicated that the causes of hemolysis by OPD and OPD' were closely related to the interference of phospholipid metabolism.Conclusions: This study confirmed that interference of phospholipid metabolism was the main cause of hemolysis of OPD and OPD'. This study provided a comprehensive description of metabolome and lipidomic changes under the condition of hemolysis which caused by OPD and OPD'. It can also provide clues for research on the hemolysis mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
Tannic acid-modified silver nanoparticles enhance anti-Acanthamoeba activity without increasing cytotoxicity of three multipurpose contact lens solutions
Authors: Hendiger Edyta Beata , Padzik Marcin , Żochowska Agnieszka , Baltaza Wanda , Olędzka Gabriela , Zyskowska Diana , Bluszcz Julita , Jarzynka Sylwia , Chomicz Lidia , Grodzik Marta , Hendiger Jacek , Piñero Jose E. , Grobelny Jarosław , Ranoszek-Soliwoda Katarzyna , Lorenzo-Morales Jacob 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Free living amoebae of Acanthamoeba genus are cosmopolitan, widely distributed protozoans causing severe, vision-threatening corneal infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Majority of the increasing number of AK cases are associated with contact lenses use. Due to lack of effective therapies against AK, proper eye hygiene and effective contact lenses disinfection are crucial in prevention of this infection. Currently available multipurpose contact lens disinfection systems are not fully effective against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. There is an urgent need to increase the disinfecting activity of these systems to prevent Acanthamoeba keratitis infections. Synthesized nanoparticles have been recently studied and proposed as a new generation of anti-microbial agents. It is also known that plant metabolites, including tannins, present anti-parasitic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-amoebic activity and cytotoxicity of the tannic acid-modified silver nanoparticles (AgTANPs) conjugated with the selected multipurpose contact lens solutions.Methods: The anti-amoebic activity of pure contact lens care solutions and nanoparticles conjugated with contact lens care solutions were examined in vitro by colorimetric assay, based on the oxido-reduction of AlamarBlue. The cytotoxicity assays were performed using a fibroblast HS-5 (ATCC CRL-11882) cell line. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls tests using the p<0.05 level of a statistical significance.Results: The obtained results showed that nanoparticles enhanced anti-Acanthamoeba activity of the tested contact lens solutions without increasing their cytotoxicity profile. The activity is enhanced within minimal disinfection time recommended by the manufacturer.Conclusions: The conjugation of the selected contact lens solutions with AgTANPs might be a novel and promising approach as a part of preventive actions of Acanthamoeba keratitis infections among contact lens users.
A simplified method to isolate rice mitochondria
Authors: Xu Yanghong , Li Xiaoyi , Huang Jishuai , Peng Leilei , Luo Dinghui , Zhang Qiannan , Dan Zhiwu , Xiao Haijun , Yang Fang , Hu Jun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Mitochondria play critical roles in plant growth, development and stress tolerance. Numerous researchers have carried out studies on the plant mitochondrial genome structure, mitochondrial metabolism and nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions. However, classical plant mitochondria extraction methods are time-consuming and consist of a complicated ultracentrifugation procedure with expensive reagents. To develop a more rapid and convenient method for the isolation of plant mitochondria, in this study, we established a simplified method to isolate rice mitochondria efficiently for subsequent studies.Results: To isolate rice mitochondria, the cell wall was first disrupted by enzymolysis to obtain the protoplast, which is similar to animal mitochondria. Rice mitochondria were then isolated with a modified method based on the animal mitochondria isolation protocol. The extracted mitochondria were next assessed according to DNA and protein levels to rule out contamination by the nucleus and chloroplasts. Furthermore, we examined the physiological status and characteristics of the isolated mitochondria, including the integrity of mitochondria, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the activity of inner membrane complexes. Our results demonstrated that the extracted mitochondria remained intact for use in subsequent studies.Conclusion: The combination of plant protoplast isolation and animal mitochondria extraction methods facilitates the extraction of plant mitochondria without ultracentrifugation. Consequently, this improved method is cheap and time-saving with good operability and can be broadly applied in studies on plant mitochondria.
Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Treatment of Ureteral Endometriosis: Our Experience with 40 Cases
Authors: Yang Kunlin , Cheng Sida , Cai Yukun , Qiao Jiankun , Xu Yangyang , Li Xinfei , Xiong Shengwei , Lu Ye , Mei Aobing , Li Xuesong , Zhou Liqun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To present the experience of surgical management of ureteral endometriosis (UE) in our single center.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 40 cases of UE who had intraoperative surgical findings of endometriosis involving the ureter and pathology-proven UE.Results: Forty patients (median age, 42.5 years) with histologic evidence of UE were included. Six (15%) patients had history of endometriosis. Twenty-one (52%) patients had urological symptoms and 19 (48%) patients were asymptomatic. All patients had hydronephrosis. The mean glomerular filtration rate of the affected-side kidney was significantly worse than the healthy-side one (23.4 vs 54.9 ml/min; P < 0.001). Twelve (30%) patients were treated with ureteroureterostomy (11 open approaches and 1 robotic approach). Twenty-two (55%) patients underwent ureteroneocystostomy (17 open approaches, 4 laparoscopic approaches and 1 robotic approach). Five patients underwent nephoureterectomy. One patient refused the aggressive surgery and received ureteroscopic biopsy and ureteral stent placement. Thirteen (33%) cases were required gynecological operations. Three (8%) patients in open group suffered from major surgical complications. Nine (24%) patients received postoperative endocrine therapy. Twenty-eight (70%) patients were followed up (median follow-up time, 71 months). The success rate was 25/28 (89%).Conclusions: Although UE is rare, early diagnosis and treatment of UE will help reduce the morbidity of this disease. Most of time, A multidisciplinary team is necessary. For the patients with severe UE, segmentally ureteral resection with UU or ureteroneocystostomy may be a good choice.
The Knack and Pitfall of the Retropancreatic Nerve Plexus Hanging Maneuver for Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Head Carcinoma.
Authors: Chiba Naokazu , Ochiai Shigeto , Gunji Takahiro , Kobayashi Toshimichi , Hikita Kosuke , Sano Toru , Tomita Koichi , Kawachi Shigeyuki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The efficacy of the hanging maneuver for the retropancreatic nerve plexus (RNP) to enhance the confirmation of the margin status and to facilitate en-bloc resection for pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). In this report, we present the knack and pitfall of the hanging maneuver of the RNP. MethodsThe exit of the hanging maneuver of the RNP is the left part of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and the entry is the cranial part of the celiac axis. The entry of the hanging maneuver was connected to the dissection line on the right side of the celiac axis. Thereafter, the tape of the hanging maneuver was pulled to the right side, and the RNP was deployed widely. Finally, the RNP was easily dissected using a sealing device other than IPDA ResultsIt is important to clarify the entrance and exit of the hanging taping in this procedure. This permitted the wide spaces between the SMA, SMV, and the resected side, and it was easier to identify the IPDA. By traction of the hanging maneuver tape, a clear line may be drawn between the resection side and the remaining side. ConclusionsWith the correct implementation of the hanging maneuver, we believe that it would be possible to obtain reliable R0 resection as well as a reduction in blood loss and operation time.
Agent-based Modeling of Malaria Control Based&nbsp;on Aquatic Habitats Management in a Traditional&nbsp;Sub-sahara Grouping
Authors: Layie Paul , Kamla Vivient Corneille , Kamgang Jean Claude , Wono Yves Sebastien Emvudu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In their behavior, Africans generally pour dirty water around their homes. This dirty water becomes stagnant at a given moment, which hence constitutes aquatic habitats (AH). These AH are sought after by mosquitoes for egg-laying and larval development. Recent studies have shown the eﬀectiveness of destroying AH around host habitats (humans and animals) in reducing the incidence of malaria. In this paper, an agent-based model (ABM) is proposed for controlling the incidence of malaria through population sensitizing campaigns on the harmful eﬀects of aquatic habitats around houses.Methods: The environment is constituted of houses, AH, mosquitoes, humans, and a hospital that will allow humans to heal themselves when they have malaria. The dynamics of malaria’s spread is linked to the dynamics of individuals (humans and mosquitoes) populations. The dynamic of the mosquito is represented by two phases: egg-laying and a phase of seeking blood. The dynamic of human is animated by the presence in the health center and houses. Their dynamic also results in hitting the mosquito when a human is bitten by it. Initially, the same number of houses and AH have been considered. Thereafter, houses are ﬁxed and the AH are destroyed each time by 10% of the number of starting Aquatics habitats. The number of infected humans varied also from 0 to 90 which led to a total of 1001 simulations.Results: The results show that when the number of houses and AH is equal, we ﬁnd approximately the same results as the ﬁeld data. At each reduction of AH, the incidence and prevalence tend more and more towards 0. On the other hand, when there is no AH and infected humans in the environment, the prevalence and incidence are at 0.Conclusions: The study shows that every time we destroy the AH, it increasingly inhibits the growth of mosquitoes and malaria. But when there is no AH site, even if there are infected people in the environment, the disease disappears completely. Therefore the global destruction of the AH in an environment is to be recommended. Using many parameters in the same model is also recommended.
Comparative Studies on The Diagnostic Validity of Widal And Evaluation of Interferon Gamma Response In Patients Investigated For Typhoid Fever
Authors: Sani Mujahid Nura , Mohammed Yusuf , Ibrahim Yusuf , Sani Nura Muhammad , Abdulkadir Bashir , Wada Mudassir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Typhoid fever remains a public health challenge in developing countries. In Nigeria, patients usually come with complains of fever and other symptoms typical of febrile illnesses where resource limitation in healthcare facilities necessitates the use of screening tests for diagnosis. Widal test is widely used due to its simplicity. However, the specificity of this test has been debated. The present study compared the diagnostic validity of Widal to blood culture and evaluated interferon gamma response among the study participants. Methods: A total of 90 patients with complain of fever and other symptoms suggestive of typhoid fever were recruited for the study. Widal serology, automated blood culture and interferon gamma concentration were conducted using rapid antibody detection kit, BACTEC and sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. Results were subjected to Fisher’s exact test using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22 where a p- value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 90 samples tested, 63 (70.0%) were positive for anti Typhi O antigen while 42 (46.7%) were positive for anti- Typhi H antigen. Similarly, 18 (20%) of the patients had non-S. Typhi culture positivity while 72 (80%) had no bacteria isolated. Overall, 0 (0%) of the cases had S. Typhi positive culture. Fisher’s exact test suggests a significant difference between blood culture status and prevalence of anti-S. Typhi H antigen. Interferon gamma concentration was found to be significantly associated with blood culture status as plasma interferon gamma levels increased with bacteraemia. Fisher’s exact test showed a strong statistical relationship between interferon gamma concentration and blood culture (p=0.003). Conclusions: Interferon gamma has a direct proportionality with bacteraemia and as such, could be a good marker for the development of an alternative screening test, possibly an interferon gamma based detection system for typhoid fever. However, further research is required to implement that.
1H-NMR Metabolomics Analysis of The Intervention Effects of Ruangan Xiaoji Decoction on CCl4 Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats
Authors: Zhu Weiliang , Wu Guoqing , Zhu Wenrui , Zhao Tianwen , Zhang Hong-Jiang , Xu Hongfeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Liver fibrosis is a common consequence of chronic liver diseases resulting from multiple etiologies. Early clinical application shows that Ruangan Xiaoji Decoction (RGXJD) has a very obvious effect on the treatment of liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism of RGXJD cures liver fibrosis requires further elucidation.Methods: In this work, the therapeutic effect of RGXJD on CCl4-induced liver fibroses serum and liver tissue metabolite changes in rat was analyzed by 1H-NMR metabolomics. Meanwhile, histopathology examinations and serum clinical chemistry analysis verified the experimental results of metabolomics.Results: RGXJD treatment could reverse the increase in ALT and AST induced by CCl4 and attenuate the pathological changes in liver tissue. In the 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis, PLS-DA score plots demonstrated that the serum and liver tissue metabolic profiles in rats of the RGXJD groups were similar those of the control group, yet remarkably apart from the CCl4 group. The mechanism may be related to the endogenous metabolites including energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle and purine metabolism in rats. Correlation analysis were then performed to further confirm the metabolites involved in Isoleucine, Tyrosine, UDP-Glucose, Glutathione and Leucine, etc.Conclusions: These findings may provided new insights into the mechanism of the hepatoprotection of RGXJD.
Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata) Increases Glucagon–Like Peptide 1 Concentration in Prediabetes: A Double–Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Tarigan Tri Juli Edi , Purwaningsih Erni Hernawati , Yusra Yusra , Abdullah Murdani , Nafrialdi Nafrialdi , Prihartono Joedo , Saraswati Made Ratna , Subekti Imam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : The extract of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Wall. Ex. Nees. (sambiloto) (穿心蓮 chuān xīn lián) has been reported to have antidiabetic effect on mice models and has been used traditionally in the community. The exact mechanism of sambiloto extract in decreasing plasma glucose is unclear, so we investigated the role of sambiloto extract in incretin pathway in healthy and prediabetes subjects.Methods: This study was a double-blind, cross-over, randomized placebo-controlled trial. It was conducted to 38 healthy and 35 prediabetes subjects. All subjects were exposed to both intervention sambiloto extract and placebo alternately. All subjects were randomly assigned to receive first intervention for 14 days. There was wash out period between subsequent intervention. Primary outcome was glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentration and secondary outcomes were fasting insulin, 2-hour postprandial insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), and glycated albumin before and after intervention.Result: After the intervention, GLP-1 concentration significantly increased in prediabetes by 19.6% compared to the placebo (p = 0.043). There were no significant differences in the changes of fasting insulin, 2-hour postprandial insulin, HOMA-IR, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, DPP-4, and glycated albumin levels after intervention. Sambiloto extract did not inhibit DPP-4 enzyme in healthy and prediabetes subjects. Conclusion: Sambiloto extract increased GLP-1 concentration without inhibiting DPP-4 enzyme in prediabetes subjects.Trial Registration : Clinical Trials.gov ID : NCT03455049. Registered 6 March 2018 – Retrospectevly Registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03455049.
3D Pointing Gestures as Target Selection Tools for Monocular UAVs
Authors: Medeiros Anna C S , Ratsamee Photchara , Orlosky Jason , Uranishi Yuki , Higashida Manabu , Takemura Haruo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Firefighters need to gain information from both inside and outside of buildings in first response emergency scenarios. For this purpose, drones are beneficial. This paper presents an elicitation study that showed the firefighters' desire to collaborate with autonomous drones. We developed a Human-Drone Interaction (HDI) method for indicating a target to a drone using 3D pointing gestures estimated solely from a monocular camera. The participant first points to a window without using any wearable or body-attached device. Through the drone's front-facing camera, the drone detects the gesture and computes the target window. This work includes a description of the process for choosing the gesture, detecting and localizing objects, and carrying out the transformations between coordinate systems. Our proposed 3D pointing gesture improves a 2D pointing gesture interface by integrating depth information with SLAM, solving multiple objects aligned on the same plane ambiguity, in a large-scale outdoor environment. Experimental results showed that our 3D pointing gesture interface obtained a 0.85 and 0.73 F1-Score on average in simulation and real-world experiments and 0.58 F1-Score at the maximum distance of 25 meters between drone and building.
Precision follicular self-measurement using a pocket-sized transabdominal ultrasound device
Authors: Fujita Hiroaki , Kikuchi Iwaho , Enomoto Satoshi , Nakagawa Ryo , Kitayama Reiko , Tanaka Yudai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the comparability of follicle diameters measured using a pocket-size transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) device that produces images for self-assessment versus those measured using a conventional transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) device. The pocket-sized device is fitted with a probe that can be connected to an electronic tablet for patient use and outputs follicle images for patient review.Methods: A prospective study was performed in 25 women (50 follicles) who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection between November 2019 and March 2020 to treat infertility. Patients were first provided with guidance from a doctor; then, they used the probe attached to the pocket-sized TAUS device to acquire the follicle images. The doctor then measured the follicle diameter using a TVUS device and compared the measurements with those obtained by viewing the images taken by the patient. The transverse cross-sectional follicle diameter measured on transabdominal images was defined as the abdominal transverse (AT) diameter. The sagittal and coronal cross-sectional follicle diameters measured on transvaginal images were defined as the vaginal sagittal (VS) and vaginal coronal (VC) diameters, respectively. The mean values of each parameter and the variance ratio of the difference between the TAUS and TVUS measurements were evaluated.Results: The results showed that the difference between AT-VS in the two imaging types was -0.382 mm (95% CI: -1.097-0.333 mm, P=0.288), whereas the difference between AT-VC was 0.342 mm (95% CI: -0.345-1.029 mm, P=0.322), and that between VS-VC was 0.724 mm (95% CI: 0.152-1.296 mm, P=0.014). The variance ratios for the differences between the TAUS and TVUS measurements and for the differences between the two TVUS cross-sectional measurements were σAT-VS2/σVS-VC2=1.56 and σAT-VC2/σVS-VC2=1.44, respectively.Conclusion(s): Despite the presence of some differences in precision due to differences in the method of imaging when patients performed follicular self-measurement using pocket-sized devices, there was little scattering. Therefore, this method can be used to measure follicle diameter at a precision that presents no issues at the clinical level.Clinical Trial Registration Number: 2019001