bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of RWP-RK transcription factors between Arabidopsis and legumes uncovers a relationship between nitrogen signaling and nodulation
Authors: Wu Zhihua , Liu Hong , Huang Wen , Yi Lisha , Li Xiufang , Qin Erdai , Li Yarui , Yang Tiange , Zhang Yuxiang , An Can , Gan Yuqin , Wang Xinrong , Wang Jing , Qin Rui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Nitrogen, as a constituent of amino acids and nucleic acids, is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms. The nitrogen-fixation clade (NFC) is a clade, consisting of Fabales, Fagales, Cucurbitales, and Rosales, where all nodulating plants have been originated. The plant-specific RWP-RK family of transcription factors are involved in nitrate responses and play specific roles in nodule inception. In the present study, by investigation of RWP-RKs at genome-wide level and comparative coexpression networks, the roles of RWP-RKs involved in nitrate response and nodulation were analyzed to reveal evolution of RWP-RKs and a relationship between nitrogen signaling and nodulation.Results Here, we systematically investigated 292 RWP-RKs from 26 species of legumes and non-legumes of NFC by whole-genomic analysis and characterized their evolutionary relationships, protein motifs, and gene structures. We compared RWP-RK networks from Arabidopsis thaliana under N-starvation and N-supplementation conditions, as well as transcriptome atlases from Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max. This revealed that N starvation, which is essential for nodulation, alters the connectivity of RWP-RKs to other genes, including symbiosis-related genes. Meanwhile, appropriately low concentrations of nitrates stimulate nodulation by regulating RWP-RK expression in P. vulgaris.Conclusions Our comparative evolutionary analysis of RWP-RKs between A. thaliana and legumes revealed the evolutionary features and the relationship between the nitrate signaling pathway in a model organism and nodulation in legumes.
Soil Carbonate Analysis Using the Solvita Compost Maturity Gel System
Authors: Rogers C. W. , Pristupa S. , Dari B. 
Published: November 2019

Core IdeasThe Solvita compost gel system was well calibrated with calcium carbonate C.The Solvita compost gel system was highly correlated to the standard pressure calcimeter method.The Solvita compost gel system is an alternative method for inorganic C determination.Determination of inorganic carbon (IC) as calcium carbonate is important for soil fertility and soil health assessments in alkaline soils. Methods have been developed to determine IC, including the widely used pressure calcimeter method. We compared 19 alkaline soils using the pressure calcimeter method and the Solvita gel system, which was recently developed to measure CO2respiration. Results from the study indicated calibration curves for the Solvita gel system could be developed within an approximate range of 1 to 30 mg IC. Comparison of the Solvita gel system with the pressure calcimeter resulted in a near 1:1 relationship, where slight overestimation occurred when IC was less than 13 g kg−1and slight underestimation above this level. The results of this study indicate the Solvita gel system can be considered as an alternative method for IC determination.
Outdoor Air Quality and Antibiogram Characteristics of Bacterial Isolates of Akure City Abattoirs, Nigeria
Authors: Olusola-makinde Olubukola Olayemi 
Published: November 2019

Air sampling of Onyearugbulem and FUTA abattoirs was carried out to evaluate their quality. Air sampling was done using the open-settling method on general and selective agar media of the gutter, sleeping bench, slaughtering floor dumpsite, slaughtering table and roof of the abattoirs. Using standard methods, Presumptive identification of the bacterial isolates was carried out. An array of ten (10) conventional antibiotics was used to assay the antibiotic susceptibility characteristics of the bacterial isolates. Multiple antibiotic sensitivity index (MARI) was determined for isolated bacteria. At Onyearugbulem abattoir, the total Escherichia coli count ranged from 3.6×10 cfu/ml from the gutter and slaughtering table to 6.5×10 cfu/ml from the slaughtering floor, while the total bacterial count ranged from 1.34×102 cfu/ml from dumpsite to 2.55×102 cfu/ml from the gutter, the total coliform count ranged from 2.8× 10 cfu/ml from slaughtering floor to 4.1×10 cfu/ml from sleeping bench. Several bacteria were presumptively isolated. These include: Micrococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Enterobacter aerogenes and Aeromonas sp. Ciprofloxacin (10 µg) had an inhibitory effect on all the Gram positive bacterial isolates with the highest inhibitory activity on S. aureus at 24.00 mm, and the Gram negative bacteria with the highest inhibitory activity on E. coli at 21.00 mm. Micrococcus sp. had the highest MARI of 0.8. These findings reveal the presence of multiple-antibiotic resistant bacteria in Onyearugbulem and FUTA abattoirs’ atmosphere. There is therefore need for routine environmental sanitation of the slaughterhouses.
Haulm Forage Value of Lentil Varieties in Central Ethiopia
Authors: Hailegiorgis Asemahegn Mersha , Lemessa Debissa 
Published: November 2019

The major livestock feed next to natural pasture in central highlands of Ethiopia is cereal crop residue; however, supplementation with additional nutritional entities is most often recommended. The present study aims to examine the nutritive value of lentil haulm and how this value varies among the varieties and locations. For this, 80gms of haulm samples of Alemaya, Derash and local lentil varieties were collected with four replications from Bishoftu, Akaki, and Chefe-Donsa from on farm trial sites of Ethiopian institute of agricultural research. To test for the variation in haulm nutritional values among the varieties, two-way ANOVA was employed. The results showed that the interaction of variety and location had significant effect on crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), metabolizable energy (ME) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) (P<0.05). Here, CP content of lentil haulm was higher for a local variety when compared with the two commercial varieties. The haulm yield (4.38t/ha) and haulm dry matter yield (3.97 t DM/ha) were higher for Derash when compared with that of the local variety (P<0.05). Overall, the present finding denoted that although in some cases the lentil haulm nutritional values and yields vary among varieties and were dependent on growing locations, it can be observed to have optimum feeding values to supplement livestock feed with the cereal crop residues in central Ethiopia.
Effect of change in position of particle dampers on wind turbine blade for vibration suppression
Authors: Sandanshiv Santosh R. , Chavan Umesh S. 
Published: November 2019

Wind turbine energy minimizes due to vibration of blade. In this research we focus on vibration suppression by using particle damping technique. Containers are used for fill the particles and mounted on the blade. As vibration of blade increases, it increases the movement of containers along with particles this brings particle to particle and particle to container wall collision takes place which results to energy loss. In this study we use four different positions for mounting containers, firstly on all four different positions we mount containers simultaneously and take three readings for three different ball sizes respectively, keeping 50 % fill constant in all readings. Then we reduce one container among four and take the readings. Repeat this procedure up to single container. Compare with damping results with without damping results and finding out optimum locations for mounting of dampers.
Impact on auxetic and metal foams
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Khaderi Syed Nizamuddin , Rao Koka Tirumala 
Published: November 2019

Using the finite element method, we investigate the elasto-plastic impact of a rigid sphere on a half-space of auxetic and metal foams. The validity of the Hertz theory for elastic impacts is investigated for both positive and negative Poisson’s ratio. For elastic impacts, the results from Hertz theory are accurate within 20 % with the finite element simulations. The plasticity is modeled using the Deshpande-Fleck metal foam yield criterion. This yield criterion allows for plastic compressibility and can also accommodate materials having a negative Poisson’s ratio. The elasto-plastic simulations reveal that the coefficient of restitution decreases as the impact velocity is increased. The coefficient of restitution is also least for materials having a zero plastic Poisson’s ratio. Our study suggests for maximum energy dissipation the plastic Poisson’s ratio should be close to zero.
A breeze energy harvesting of vibration caused with a cantilevered piezoelectric beam
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Ting , Wu Zidong , Zhang Guoguang 
Published: November 2019

The researches of wind energy harvesting have been more and more popular in recent years. In the paper, a vibration energy caused by a breeze is harvested with a cantilevered beam using a piezoelectric patch. When a swaging fan applies a breeze environment, the alternating voltage generates from the piezoelectric patch. Moreover, by designing a full wave rectifier, the alternating voltage from the piezoelectric patch is transformed as a DC voltage. Through some experiments, the amplitude of the alternating voltage is about 2.70 V and its frequency is 2.60 Hz (the first natural frequency of the cantilevered beam). And the gained DC voltage is about 2.45 V and can be made a luminous diode be on. These experimental results indicate that vibration energy caused by the breeze can be harvested with a full wave rectifier.
Experimental study of self-sustainable hybrid solar photovoltaic cleaning mechanism coupled with water distillation unit
Authors: Guptaa Yash , Katakam Sai Manoj , Aligireddy Susheel Reddy , Shameer Waseem , Atheaya Deepali 
Published: November 2019

In the present research work a novel self-sustainable hybrid solar photovoltaic cleaning mechanism coupled with water distillation unit has been proposed. The experiments were conducted on the PV (photovoltaic) modules at Bennett University, Greater Noida A-block terrace from 7th to 13th October, 2019. Post installation, the average efficiencies of the solar PV module system with and without cleaning were compared to obtain a hike by 1.34 %. The water used for cleaning was recycled using a single slope basin type solar still which indicated a working efficiency of 67.94 %. On an average the solar still yielded 5.3 Litres of pure water every day during the experiment with a TDS (total dissolved solids) level of 104 ppm.
Hyperparameter optimization for enabling multi-level feature classification in a wind turbine gearbox
Authors: Inturi Vamsi , Chetti Karthick , N Shreyas , G R Sabareesh 
Published: November 2019

Majority of the previous research investigations on fault diagnostics in a wind turbine gearbox are limited to binary classification, i.e., either detecting the type of defect or severities of defect. However, wind turbine gearbox consists of multiple speed stages and components, therefore performing the binary classification is not adequate. In the present study, a multi-level classification scheme which is capable of classifying the defects by stage, component, type of defect and severity level is proposed. Experiments are performed and the response is recorded through vibration, acoustic signal and lubrication oil analysis. Later, an integrated multi-variable feature set is achieved by combining the statistical features of the above mentioned individual condition monitoring strategies. Further, the obtained integrated multi-variable feature set is subjected to multi-level classification using various machine learning models and the learning model that best suits for carrying the multi-level classification is investigated. Finally, the hyperparameters of the learning models are optimized by an iterative process of reducing the objective function. It is observed that, optimized support vector machine model has yielded favorable results when compared to other machine learning models with the overall classification accuracy of 82.52 % for the four-level classification.
Degradation of high-concentration simulated organic wastewater by DBD plasma
Authors: Wang Xing-Quan , Li Xing , Zhou Ren-Wu , Huang Jun , Chen Wei , Wang Feng-Peng , Lu Xiu-Yuan , Wen Qian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, a high-concentration simulated organic wastewater, made by dissolving methyl violet in water, was degraded using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma generated in air and O2 respectively. The decoloration rate and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater were evaluated during plasma treatments with the initial concentration of methyl violet of 300 mg L−1. Results showed that the highest decoloration rate of around 100% within 10 min and the highest COD decrease of 33% within 60 min could be achieved with the O2 plasma treatment at the discharge voltage of 10 kV, while air plasma treatment showed lower efficiency in decolorizing the methyl violet solution and lower COD decrease (24%) after 60 min treatment. UV-Vis spectroscopy and chemical analysis of generated by-products during the plasma-enabled degradation process revealed that the methyl violet molecules could be completely decomposed into some refractory organics in the solution. Based on the experimental results and literature review, a pathway of methyl violet degradation attributed to energetic electrons and highly reactive species generated by DBD was proposed.
Theoretical models of changes in haemodynamic parameters and gas exchange in univentricular circulation
Authors: Khubulava G. , Naumov A. , Marchenko S. , Chupaeva O. , Seliverstova A. , Pilyugov N. , Tereshenko O. , Aleksandrovich Yu. , Pshenisnov K. , Popova L. , Andreev M. , Nevmerzhitskaya O. , Volkov A. 
Published: November 2019

Aim. To develop theoretical models of changes in haemodynamic parameters of patients with univentricular haemodynamics.
Methods. We analysed the effects of redistributing blood flow between the two circulatory systems (pulmonary and systemic) on systemic oxygen delivery and examined changes in the arterial and venous blood gas compositions. Mathematical analyses on the basis of oxygen flow into the pulmonary circulatory system and its consumption during circulation were performed according to Fick principle for cardiac output. Calculations were performed using equations describing changes in the delivery and consumption of oxygen during univentricular circulation. Furthermore, computer simulations were employed to investigate changes in haemodynamic parameters and gas exchange associated with pathological processes such as pulmonary venous hypoxemia, reduction in systemic flow rate and mixed venous blood desaturation. Calculations were performed under conditions with oxygen concentration of >0% or <100%.
Results. A number of theoretical models were developed, which described (i) the distribution of systemic and pulmonary blood flow and changes in arterial oxygenation depending on Qp/Qs; (ii) the ratio of systemic blood flow to Qp/Qs; (iii) changes in arterial oxygenation depending on Qp/Qs at different levels of central venous saturation; (iv) changes in pulmonary venous saturation depending on arterial saturation and Qp/Qs under conditions of normal and reduced blood flow; (v) level of central venous saturation depending on changes in Qp/Qs and SpvO2 at systemic SaO2 of 75% and (vi) PaO2 dynamics depending on changes in PpvO2 and Qp/Qs.
Conclusion. Changes in the oxygen status of patients with univentricular haemodynamics with sufficient combined cardiac output are indicative of the distribution of blood flow. Assessments of the developed models demonstrated that a number of additional factors affect changes in the oxygen composition of blood including (i) the initial level of arterial oxygenation; (ii) the level of oxygenation in the pulmonary veins and (iii) the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow. In addition, the results indicated that PCO2 recorded in the pulmonary veins, arteries and mixed venous blood largely depends on Qp/Qs. The theoretical models presented here can be used to compare the results of haemodynamic status assessments of patients with univentricular physiology.

Received 22 May 2019. Revised 4 November 2019. Accepted 10 November 2019.

Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.

Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Effect of Glyoxal Modification on a Critical Arginine Residue (Arg-31α) of Hemoglobin: Physiological Implications of Advanced Glycated end Product an in vitro Study
Authors: Banerjee Sauradipta 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Non-enzymatic protein glycation is involved in structure and stability
changes that impair protein functionality, resulting in several human diseases, such as diabetes and
amyloidotic neuropathies (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Andrade’s syndrome).
Glyoxal, an endogenous reactive oxoaldehyde, increases in diabetes and reacts with several proteins
to form advanced glycation end products through Maillard-like reaction.

Objective:
Human hemoglobin, the most abundant protein in blood cells is subjected to nonenzymatic
modification by reactive oxoaldehydes in diabetic condition. In the present study, the
effect of a low concentration of glyoxal (5 μM) on hemoglobin (10 μM) has been investigated
following a period of 30 days incubation in vitro.

Methods:
Different techniques, mostly biophysical and spectroscopic (e.g. circular dichroism,
differential scanning calorimetric study, dynamic light scattering, mass spectrometry, etc.) were
used to study glyoxal-induced changes of hemoglobin.

Results:
Glyoxal-treated hemoglobin exhibits decreased absorbance around 280 nm, decreased
fluorescence and reduced surface hydrophobicity compared to normal hemoglobin. Glyoxal
treatment enhances the stability of hemoglobin and lowers its susceptibility to thermal aggregation
compared to control hemoglobin as seen by different studies. Finally, peptide mass fingerprinting
study showed glyoxal to modify an arginine residue of α-chain of hemoglobin (Arg-31α) to
hydroimidazolone.

Conclusion:
Increased level of glyoxal in diabetes mellitus as well as its high reactivity may cause
modifications of the heme protein. Thus, considering the significance of glyoxal-induced protein
modification under physiological conditions, the observation appears clinically relevant in terms of
understanding hydroimidazolone-mediated protein modification under in vivo conditions.
An Efficient LUT Based Approach Towards Channel Coding in GSM and its Implementation
Authors: Sutar Swapnil , Mekala Priyanka , Goel Supriya 
Published: November 2019

Background & Objective:
The channel coding improves the performance of the mobile
network link by adding redundant bits in the message in order to detect and correct the errors occurred
during transmission of the data. The traditional method involved in channel coding for
GSM has a number of operations, its computation time and complexity were very high which increases
the latency in communication. To reduce the latency, we propose a novel and efficient
Look Up Table (LUT) based implementation using Fire codes for Control Channel Coding in
GSM.

Methods:
In this research paper, a new and competent LUT based implementation towards channel
coding in GSM is projected. This proposed technique will significantly decrease the computation time
and number of cycles with less complexity. The suggested method improvises the coding scheme of
FIRE codes adopted in GSM communication system by reducing the number of shift operations to zero.

Results:
The proposed LUT based method outperforms the conventional method by reducing the
number of cycles, XOR operations, shift operations, execution time and memory consumption.
Our algorithm achieved around 89% improvement in Fire code implementation compared to Shift
and XOR method, which is, considered as significant growth for GSM communication system.

Conclusion:
The proposed technique demonstrated the significant improvement in reducing the
latency and memory usage in comparison to the conventional method.
User Engagement and Attrition in an App-Based Physical Activity Intervention: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Edney Sarah , Ryan Jillian C , Olds Tim , Monroe Courtney , Fraysse François , Vandelanotte Corneel , Plotnikoff Ronald , Curtis Rachel , Maher Carol 
Published: November 2019

Background
The success of a mobile phone app in changing health behavior is thought to be contingent on engagement, commonly operationalized as frequency of use.

Objective
This subgroup analysis of the 2 intervention arms from a 3-group randomized controlled trial aimed to examine user engagement with a 100-day physical activity intervention delivered via an app. Rates of engagement, associations between user characteristics and engagement, and whether engagement was related to intervention efficacy were examined.

Methods
Engagement was captured in a real-time log of interactions by users randomized to either a gamified (n=141) or nongamified version of the same app (n=160). Physical activity was assessed via accelerometry and self-report at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Survival analysis was used to assess time to nonuse attrition. Mixed models examined associations between user characteristics and engagement (total app use). Characteristics of super users (top quartile of users) and regular users (lowest 3 quartiles) were compared using t tests and a chi-square analysis. Linear mixed models were used to assess whether being a super user was related to change in physical activity over time.

Results
Engagement was high. Attrition (30 days of nonuse) occurred in 32% and 39% of the gamified and basic groups, respectively, with no significant between-group differences in time to attrition (P=.17). Users with a body mass index (BMI) in the healthy range had higher total app use (mean 230.5, 95% CI 190.6-270.5; F2=8.67; P<.001), compared with users whose BMI was overweight or obese (mean 170.6, 95% CI 139.5-201.6; mean 132.9, 95% CI 104.8-161.0). Older users had higher total app use (mean 200.4, 95% CI 171.9-228.9; F1=6.385; P=.01) than younger users (mean 155.6, 95% CI 128.5-182.6). Super users were 4.6 years older (t297=3.6; P<.001) and less likely to have a BMI in the obese range (χ22=15.1; P<.001). At the 3-month follow-up, super users were completing 28.2 (95% CI 9.4-46.9) more minutes of objectively measured physical activity than regular users (F1,272=4.76; P=.03).

Conclusions
Total app use was high across the 100-day intervention period, and the inclusion of gamified features enhanced engagement. Participants who engaged the most saw significantly greater increases to their objectively measured physical activity over time, supporting the theory that intervention exposure is linked to efficacy. Further research is needed to determine whether these findings are replicated in other app-based interventions, including those experimentally evaluating engagement and those conducted in real-world settings.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000113358; https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12617000113358.aspx