bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VLT/SPHERE survey for exoplanets around young early-type stars, including systems with multi-belt architectures
Authors: Lombart M. , Chauvin G. , Rojo P. , Lagadec E. , Delorme P. , Beust H. , Bonnefoy M. , Galicher R. , Gratton R. , Mesa D. , Bonavita M. , Allard F. , Bayo A. , Boccaletti A. , Desidera S. , Girard J. , Jenkins J. S. , Klahr H. , Laibe G. , Lagrange A.-M. , Lazzoni C. , Marleau G-D. , Minniti D. , Mordasini C. 
Published: June 2020

Context. Dusty debris disks around pre- and main-sequence stars are potential signposts for the existence of planetesimals and exoplanets. Giant planet formation is therefore expected to play a key role in the evolution of the disk. This is indirectly confirmed by extant submillimeter near-infrared images of young protoplanetary and cool dusty debris disks around main-sequence stars that usually show substantial spatial structures. With two decades of direct imaging of exoplanets already studied, it is striking to note that a majority of recent discoveries of imaged giant planets have been obtained around young early-type stars hosting a circumstellar disk.
Aims. Our aim was to create a direct imaging program designed to maximize our chances of giant planet discovery and target 22 young early-type stars. About half of them show indications of multi-belt architectures.
Methods. Using the IRDIS dual-band imager and the IFS integral field spectrograph of SPHERE to acquire high-constrast coronagraphic differential near-infrared images, we conducted a systematic search in the close environment of these young, dusty, and early-type stars. We used a combination of angular and spectral differential imaging to reach the best detection performances down to the planetary mass regime.
Results. We confirm that companions detected around HIP 34276, HIP 101800, and HIP 117452 are stationary background sources and binary companions. The companion candidates around HIP 8832, HIP 16095, and HIP 95619 are determined as background contaminations. Regarding the stars for which we infer the presence of debris belts, a theoretical minimum mass for planets required to clear the debris gaps can be calculated. The dynamical mass limit is at least 0.1 MJ and can exceed 1 MJ. Direct imaging data is typically sensitive to planets down to ~3.6 MJ at 1′′, and 1.7 MJ in the best case. These two limits tightly constrain the possible planetary systems present around each target. These systems will be probably detectable with the next generation of planet imagers.
Radio and high-energy emission of pulsars revealed by general relativity
Authors: Giraud Q. , Pétri J. 
Published: June 2020

Context. According to current pulsar emission models, photons are produced within their magnetosphere and current sheet, along their separatrix, which is located inside and outside the light cylinder. Radio emission is favoured in the vicinity of the polar caps, whereas the high-energy counterpart is presumably enhanced in regions around the light cylinder, whether this is the magnetosphere and/or the wind. However, the gravitational effect on their light curves and spectral properties has only been sparsely researched.
Aims. We present a method for simulating the influence that the gravitational field of the neutron star has on its emission properties according to the solution of a rotating dipole evolving in a slowly rotating neutron star metric described by general relativity.
Methods. We numerically computed photon trajectories assuming a background Schwarzschild metric, applying our method to neutron star radiation mechanisms such as thermal emission from hot spots and non-thermal magnetospheric emission by curvature radiation. We detail the general-relativistic effects onto observations made by a distant observer.
Results. Sky maps are computed using the vacuum electromagnetic field of a general-relativistic rotating dipole, extending previous works obtained for the Deutsch solution. We compare Newtonian results to their general-relativistic counterpart. For magnetospheric emission, we show that aberration and curvature of photon trajectories as well as Shapiro time delay significantly affect the phase delay between radio and high-energy light curves, although the characteristic pulse profile that defines pulsar emission is kept.
Precise calibration of the dependence of surface brightness–colour relations on colour and class for late-type stars
Authors: Salsi A. , Nardetto N. , Mourard D. , Creevey O. , Huber D. , White T. R. , Hocdé V. , Morand F. , Tallon-Bosc I. , Farrington C. D. , Chelli A. , Duvert G. 
Published: June 2020

Context. Surface brightness–colour relations (SBCRs) are used to derive the stellar angular diameters from photometric observations. They have various astrophysical applications, such as the distance determination of eclipsing binaries or the determination of exoplanet parameters. However, strong discrepancies between the SBCRs still exist in the literature, in particular for early and late-type stars.
Aims. We aim to calibrate new SBCRs as a function of the spectral type and the luminosity class of the stars. Our goal is also to apply homogeneous criteria to the selection of the reference stars and in view of compiling an exhaustive and up-to-date list of interferometric late-type targets.
Methods. We implemented criteria to select measurements in the JMMC Measured Diameters Catalog. We then applied additional criteria on the photometric measurements used to build the SBCRs, together with stellar characteristics diagnostics.
Results. We built SBCRs for F5/K7–II/III, F5/K7–IV/V, M–II/III and M–V stars, with respective rms of σFV = 0.0022 mag, σFV = 0.0044 mag, σFV = 0.0046 mag, and σFV = 0.0038 mag. This results in a precision on the angular diameter of 1.0%, 2.0%, 2.1%, and 1.7%, respectively. These relations cover a large V − K colour range of magnitude, from 1 to 7.5. Our work demonstrates that SBCRs are significantly dependent on the spectral type and the luminosity class of the star. Through a new set of interferometric measurements, we demonstrate the critical importance of the selection criteria proposed for the calibration of SBCR. Finally, using the Gaia photometry for our samples, we obtained (G − K) SBCRs with a precision on the angular diameter between 1.1% and 2.4%.
Conclusions. By adopting a refined and homogeneous methodology, we show that the spectral type and the class of the star should be considered when applying an SBCR. This is particularly important in the context of PLATO.
Bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4
Authors: Santamaría-Miranda A. , de Gregorio-Monsalvo I. , Huélamo N. , Plunkett A. L. , Ribas Á. , Comerón F. , Schreiber M. R. , López C. , Mužić K. , Testi L. 
Published: June 2020

Context. Very low-mass stars are known to have jets and outflows, which is indicative of a scaled-down version of low-mass star formation. However, only very few outflows in very low-mass sources are well characterized.
Aims. We characterize the bipolar molecular outflow of the very low-mass star Par-Lup3-4, a 0.12 M⊙ object known to power an optical jet.
Methods. We observed Par-Lup3-4 with ALMA in Bands 6 and 7, detecting both the continuum and CO molecular gas. In particular, we studied three main emission lines: CO(2–1), CO(3–2), and 13CO(3–2).
Results. Our observations reveal for the first time the base of a bipolar molecular outflow in a very low-mass star, as well as a stream of material moving perpendicular to the primary outflow of this source. The primary outflow morphology is consistent with the previously determined jet orientation and disk inclination. The outflow mass is 9.5 × 10−7 M⊙, with an outflow rate of 4.3 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1. A new fitting to the spectral energy distribution suggests that Par-Lup3-4 may be a binary system.
Conclusions. We have characterized Par-Lup3-4 in detail, and its properties are consistent with those reported in other very low-mass sources. This source provides further evidence that very low-mass sources form as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars.
Resolving nearby dust clouds
Authors: Leike R. H. , Glatzle M. , Enßlin T. A. 
Published: June 2020

Aims. Mapping the interstellar medium in 3D provides a wealth of insights into its inner working. The Milky Way is the only galaxy for which detailed 3D mapping can be achieved in principle. In this paper, we reconstruct the dust density in and around the local super-bubble.
Methods. The combined data from surveys such as Gaia, 2MASS, PANSTARRS, and ALLWISE provide the necessary information to make detailed maps of the interstellar medium in our surrounding. To this end, we used variational inference and Gaussian processes to model the dust extinction density, exploiting its intrinsic correlations.
Results. We reconstructed a highly resolved dust map, showing the nearest dust clouds at a distance of up to 400 pc with a resolution of 1 pc.
Conclusions. Our reconstruction provides insights into the structure of the interstellar medium. We compute summary statistics of the spectral index and the 1-point function of the logarithmic dust extinction density, which may constrain simulations of the interstellar medium that achieve a similar resolution.
Erfassung von Funktionseinschränkungen bei Patienten mit chemotherapieinduzierter Polyneuropathie
Authors: Köppel Maximilian , Bannasch Marcel , Huber Gerhard , Wiskemann Joachim 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Infolge des Einsatzes neurotoxischer Chemotherapeutika leiden viele Krebspatienten und -überlebende unter chemotherapieinduzierten peripheren Neuropathien (CIPN). Diese Nebenwirkung der Chemotherapie ist mit einem hohen Leidensdruck assoziiert und beeinträchtigt die Autonomie der Patienten. Bewegungstherapeutische Interventionsstudien können den Verlauf der CIPN positiv beeinflussen. Zur Sicherung der Ergebnisqualität in der bewegungstherapeutischen Praxis bedarf es testökonomischer und valider Assessmentverfahren.
Methoden 20 Krebspatienten und –überlebende mit CIPN (Alter: 63 Jahre, SD = 9) wurden eingeschlossen. Die Patienten führten den Jebsen Taylor Handfunktionstest (JTT) als Indikator der motorischen Fähigkeiten der oberen Extremität (OE) und einen Pertubationstest in medio-laterale (MLP) sowie anterio-posteriore Richtung (APP) als Indikator der posturalen Stabilität der unteren Extremität (UE) auf dem Posturomed durch. Daneben füllten die Teilnehmer einen Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Einschränkungen der Alltagsaktivitäten (ADL-Fragebogen) sowie den EORTC-QLQ-CIPN20 aus. Zur Prüfung der konvergenten Validität wurde die prädiktive Kraft der motorischen Tests auf die korrespondierenden Fragebogenskalen mittels einfacher linearer Regressionsanalyse berechnet.
Ergebnisse Zwischen der Skala zur OE des ADL-Fragebogens und dem JTT wurde ein Zusammenhang von rsp(18)= 0,507 (p = 0,023) für die nicht-dominante sowie ein Zusammenhang von rsp(18)= 0,417 (p = 0,067) für die dominante Hand gefunden. Das Regressionsmodell ergibt hierbei, dass eine ADL-Einschränkung einer Veränderung der mittleren im JTT der nicht-dominanten Hand benötigten Zeit von 2,63 s ist. Der MLP zeigte einen Zusammenhang von r(17)= 0,54 (p = 0,038) mit der Skala zur Unteren Extremität des ADL-Fragebogens. Hierbei entspricht eine ADL-Einschränkung einer Veränderung um 22,7 Punkten im Koordinationsfaktor des MLP.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sowohl der JTT als auch der MLP konvergenzvalide für den Einsatz bei Patienten mit CIPN ist und praktisch relevante Effektgrößen hinsichtlich der Bewältigung von Alltagsaktivitäten ableiten lassen.
Limitationen Wegen der kleinen Stichprobe und die Limitierung der statistischen Verfahren können die gefundenen Ergebnisse zwar eine Orientierung geben, dürfen allerdings aufgrund ihrer großen Unschärfe nicht als exakte Punktschätzer angesehen werden. Es bedarf longitudinaler Daten mit größeren Stichproben.
Long-term Stack splint immobilization for closed tendinous Mallet Finger
Authors: Hong In Tae , Baek Eugene , Ha Cheungsoo , Han Soo-Hong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Closed tendinous mallet finger can be treated non-operatively by extension splinting of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) for 6 to 8 weeks. However, method of conservative treatment in detail differs among various reports, especially in type of orthosis, duration of full-time immobilization and additional night orthotic wear after full-time immobilization. In our institution, full-time Stack splint is applied with distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) in extension for 12 weeks and night orthosis is worn for 4 weeks.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes of tendinous mallet finger using our treatment protocol.
Patients and Methods Between March 2007 and December 2017, patients with tendinous mallet finger who were managed conservatively according to our treatment protocol were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 100 patients (101 cases) were enrolled, including 77 males and 23 females. Extension lag was measured before, soon after treatment, and at the final follow-up. Flexion angle of DIP joint was measured at the final follow-up. Patients were clinically evaluated based on the Crawford classification scale and Abouna & Brown criteria.
Results The mean age of patients was 40 years and the mean follow-up was 48 months. The mean extension lag was 28.3 degrees initially and 2.6 degrees at the final follow-up. (p-value < 0.001) Flexion angle at the final follow-up was 68.3 degrees. Based on the Crawford classification scale, 56 % of patients had excellent results, and 25 % of patients had good results. According to Abouna & Brown criteria, 78 % of patients had success results and 7.5 % of patients had improved results.
Conclusions Wearing orthosis for up to 16 weeks (12 weeks full time and 4 weeks night orthosis) in the treatment of tendinous mallet finger injuries can achieve satisfying result.
The Use of Doppler Ultrasound to Assess the Blood Flow of Pedicled Vascularized Bone Grafting for Scaphoid Nonunions
Authors: Jerome J. Terrence Jose , Venkatachalam Ilayaraja 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aims to assess the blood flow and the vascularity pattern across the newly bridged vascularized bone grafts for scaphoid nonunions using three-dimensional (3D) high frequency power Doppler ultrasonography and its role in the union.
Materials and Methods A total of 26 patients with scaphoid nonunions were operated with 1,2-intercompartmental supraretinacular artery (ICSRA) graft. CT scan and 3D high frequency power Doppler ultrasonography were performed in all patients between 12 and 18 weeks, and its results were analyzed.
Results Doppler ultrasonography confirmed the pulsatile flow and vascularity across the pedicle and vascularized bone graft incorporation into the scaphoid nonunion site.
Conclusions 3D high frequency power Doppler ultrasonography is a simple, noninvasive, nonradiation, reproducible, and well-reliable diagnostic modality in assessing the blood flow and vascularity of the bone grafts used for scaphoid nonunions.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV study.
Limited Carpal Fusion in Kienböck's Disease: Early Results following Scaphocapitate Arthrodesis
Authors: Goyal Nikhil , Singh Vivek , Barik Sitanshu , Behera Santosh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Kienböck's disease leading to progressive carpal collapse alters the wrist biomechanics leading to early arthritis and degenerative changes. Out of multiple surgical procedures present, no gold standard has been described. Scaphocapitate arthrodesis (SCA) is limited carpal fusion which shifts the loading axis toward radioscaphoid joint. This study presents the midterm clinical and radiological results of SCA in Kienböck's disease.
Materials and Methods The data were reviewed from January 2016 to December 2017. Lichtman's classification used to stage the disease. Clinical variables were noted for wrist range of motion, grip strength, visual analog scale (VAS) score, quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (quickDASH), and patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) scores. Radiographs were evaluated for union, ulnar variance, carpal height ratio, radioscaphoid angle, and scapholunate angle.
Results A total of 11 patients of Stage IIIA and IIIB Kienböck's disease with mean age of 24 years were included in the study with a minimum of 18 months of clinical follow-up. The procedure resulted in decreased ranges of motion but improved grip strength (26.09 ± 4.76 from 19.54 ± 4.63 kgf) and reduced pain with VAS score decreased from 7.36 ± 0.8 to 2 ± 1. Radiographic analysis showed union in all patients, reduced carpal height with a corrected radioscaphoid angle (from 62.12 to 48.3 degrees), and scapholunate angle (from 34 to 26.27 degrees).
Discussion SCA has advantage of technical ease of orientation of the scaphoid and osteosynthesis of only one intercarpal joint with a large contact surface. Coupling the distal and proximal carpal rows results in significant loss of mean wrist range of motion but with improved grip strength, shifting the load away from the radiolunate joint. However, long-term studies are needed for clinical benefits and radiographic signs of radioscaphoid arthritis for the treatment of advanced-stage Kienböck's disease.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, retrospective observational study.
The 2020 photovoltaic technologies roadmap
Authors: Wilson Gregory M , Al-Jassim Mowafak , Metzger Wyatt K , Glunz Stefan W , Verlinden Pierre , Xiong Gang , Mansfield Lorelle M , Stanbery Billy J , Zhu Kai , Yan Yanfa , Berry Joseph J , Ptak Aaron J , Dimroth Frank , Kayes Brendan M , Tamboli Adele C , Peibst Robby , Catchpole Kylie , Reese Matthew O , Klinga Christopher S , Denholm Paul , Morjaria Mahesh , Deceglie Michael G , Freeman Janine M , Mikofski Mark A , Jordan Dirk C , TamizhMani Govindasamy , Sulas-Kern Dana B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Over the past decade, the global cumulative installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity has grown exponentially, reaching 591 GW in 2019. Rapid progress was driven in large part by improvements in solar cell and module efficiencies, reduction in manufacturing costs and the realization of levelized costs of electricity that are now generally less than other energy sources and approaching similar costs with storage included. Given this success, it is a particularly fitting time to assess the state of the photovoltaics field and the technology milestones that must be achieved to maximize future impact and forward momentum. This roadmap outlines the critical areas of development in all of the major PV conversion technologies, advances needed to enable terawatt-scale PV installation, and cross-cutting topics on reliability, characterization, and applications. Each perspective provides a status update, summarizes the limiting immediate and long-term technical challenges and highlights breakthroughs that are needed to address them. In total, this roadmap is intended to guide researchers, funding agencies and industry in identifying the areas of development that will have the most impact on PV technology in the upcoming years.
Topological phases arising from attractive interaction and pair hopping in the extended Hubbard model
Authors: Rausch Roman , Peschke Matthias 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The extended Hubbard model with an attractive density–density interaction, positive pair hopping, or both, is shown to host topological phases, with a doubly degenerate entanglement spectrum and interacting edge spins. This constitutes a novel instance of topological order which emerges from interactions. When the interaction terms combine in a charge-SU(2) symmetric fashion, a novel partially polarized pseudospin phase appears, in which the topological features of the spin degrees of freedom coexist with long-range η-wave superconductivity. Thus, our system provides an example of an interplay between spontaneous symmetry breaking and symmetry-protected topological order that leads to novel and unexpected properties.
Photodetachment of C− in the ground state
Authors: Marion R , Dunseath K M , Terao-Dunseath M , Urbain X 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
Absolute total cross sections and asymmetry parameters for photodetachment of C− (4So) have been measured using animated-crossed-beam and velocity map imaging techniques, for photon energies from threshold up to 6eV. The cross sections are 15% to 25% larger than earlier experimental results above 2.2 eV. They are in very good agreement with those from a new R-matrix calculation using polarized pseudostates.
Double photoionization of atomic carbon and neon
Authors: Yip F L , Rescigno T N , McCurdy C W 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
We consider the double photoionization of the 2p2 valence electrons of atomic carbon, which provides for distinct final-state symmetries depending on the three possible angular momentum couplings (3P, 1
D, and 1S) of the initially-bound p2 electrons that are ejected into the continuum by a single photon. Comparison of this process with neon provides an analogous case for the resulting final states within the treatment of the double photoionization proceeding with the ejected electrons influenced by the remaining bound electrons.
An experimental and theoretical investigation of XPS and NEXAFS of nicotine, nicotinamide, and nicotinc acid
Authors: Sa’adeh H , Backler F , Wang F , Ciavardini A , Piccirillo S , Coreno M , Richter R , Prince K C 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
The electronic structures of nicotine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide have been studied by valence photoemission spectroscopy (PES), core X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorp-tion fine structure (NEXAFS) and interpreted with the aid of quantum chemical calculations. Nicotinamide and nicotinic acid are closely related and show correspondingly similar spectral features, while nicotine is both structurally and spectroscopically diverse.
Effects of exchange-correlation functionals on the structure and the photoionization dynamics of Na40 versus Na92 cluster
Authors: Shaik R , Varma H R , Chakraborty H S 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
We study the photoionization properties of the Nan (n=40 and 92) clusters in a spherical jellium frame using the Kohn-Sham density functional method. Two well known form of exchange-correlation (xc) functional in the framework of local density approximation (LDA) with Gunnarsson-Lundqvist parametrization[1] are employed: i) the electron self-interaction correction (LDA-SIC) [1] and ii) the van Leeuwen and Baerends model potential (LDA-LB94) [1].
X-ray spectroscopy on ultrafast-decaying core-excited atomic ions
Authors: Ilchen M , Mazza T , Baumann T M , Boll R , De Fanis A , Grychtol P , Music V , Ovcharenko Y , Rivas D , Berrah N , Erk B , Gryzlova E , Johnsson P , Küstner-Wetekam C , Marder L , Martins M , Ott Ch , Pathak S , Pfeifer Th , Rolles D , Schmidt P , Grum-Grzhimailo A , Meyer M 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
Results from the first soft X-ray user experiment at the European XFEL on nonlinear photon-matter interaction will be presented. Angle-resolved electron time-of-flight spectroscopy employed at the AQS (Atom-ic-like Quantum Systems) endstation of the SQS (Small Quantum Systems) instrument reveals insight into the character of resonances in highly transient, core ionized neon ions, i.e. Ne+ 1s12s22p6 → Ne+* 1s02s22p6np, together with their respective relaxation dynamics. Enabled by the unique properties of the European XFEL, novel perspectives on efficient nonlinear spectroscopy will be discussed.
Two-color VUV+IR multiphoton ionization of the He+ ion by circularly polarized light in the region of the 3p excited state
Authors: Grum-Grzhimailo A N , Douguet N , Bartschat K 
Published: June 2020

Synopsis
Circular dichroism in the two-color XUV + IR ionization of He+ is considered theoretically in connection with the recent experiment by Ilchen et al. [1]. The sharp decrease of the circular dichroism with increasing intensity of the IR field when the XUV frequency is near the 1s – 3p resonant excitation is studied. It is confirmed that the main source of the effect is the axial component of the polarizability, which has opposite signs for magnetic substates with opposite projections.