bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic variations of quality characteristics in river water in an industrial region
Authors: Rozental O. M. , Tambieva D. A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
River water in industrial regions is a dynamic medium defined by random variables that cannot be described by linear equations. However, some water quality characteristics, e.g., pollutant concentrations, which look chaotically distributed are largely governed by deterministic laws resulting in periodic variations of water chemistry. Understanding this process will enable the researchers to analyse the history of the characteristics involved and to predict their future values. We provide further evidence of predictable, cyclic concentration behavior from the Iset River flowing through a heavily industrialized area in the Ob River basin, Ural Federal District, Russia. In particular, we found that the concentration of copper and nitrate can be characterized by pronounced fractals and quasi-cycles with predominant lengths of 7–8 and 4–5 months, respectively. Our results can improve forecast reliability and water use efficiency. Results from the Iset River could be potentially applicable to virtually any other river in the world, at least in temperate climate areas.
Utilização de Equipamento de Proteção Individual pela equipe de Enfermagem em Atenção Paliativa em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Santiago Fernanda Barcellos , Silva Ana Lúcia Abrahão da 
Published: December 2020

Objetivos: Analisar a segurança da equipe de enfermagem quanto a sua paramentação e desparamentação de EPIs frente a assistência de enfermagem a pacientes em tratamento paliativo oncológico acometidos pelo COVID -19 através da metodologia da simulação realística in situ . Método: Trata-se de Pesquisa Convergente-assitencial (PCA ) com abordagem qualitativa Resultados: As evidências geradas por esta pesquisa poderão embasar o uso da simulação realistica como estratégia de educação continuada para paramentação e desparamentação bem como lidar com EPIs contaminados para toda a equipe de enfermagem que presta assitência a pacientes suspeitos ou confirmados pelo COVID-19 em uma unidade de internação oncológica no Rio de Janeiro. Conclusão: Em um momento de pandemia, a importância da educação continuada é ressaltada para uma melhor organização e segurança dos profissionais de enfermagem.
Attitudes of Australian Patients Undergoing Treatment for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers to Different Models of Nutrition Care Delivery: Qualitative Investigation
Authors: Furness Kate , Huggins Catherine Elizabeth , Truby Helen , Croagh Daniel , Haines Terry Peter 
Published: December 2020

Background
Adults diagnosed with cancers of the stomach, esophagus, and pancreas are at high risk of malnutrition. In many hospital-based health care settings, there is a lack of systems in place to provide the early and intensive nutritional support that is required by these high-risk cancer patients. Our research team conducted a 3-arm parallel randomized controlled trial to test the provision of an early and intensive nutrition intervention to patients with upper gastrointestinal cancers using a synchronous telephone-based delivery approach versus an asynchronous mobile app–based approach delivered using an iPad compared with a control group to address this issue.

Objective
This study aims to explore the overall acceptability of an early and intensive eHealth nutrition intervention delivered either via a synchronous telephone-based approach or an asynchronous mobile app–based approach.

Methods
Patients who were newly diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal cancer and who consented to participate in a nutrition intervention were recruited. In-depth, semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted by telephone and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability in NVivo Pro 12 Plus.

Results
A total of 20 participants were interviewed, 10 from each intervention group (synchronous or asynchronous delivery). Four major themes emerged from the qualitative synthesis: participants’ self-efficacy, low levels of burden, and intervention comprehension were required for intervention effectiveness and positive affect; participants sought a sense of support and security through relationship building and rapport with their dietitian; knowledge acquisition and learning-enabled empowerment through self-management; and convenience, flexibility, and bridging the gap to hard-to-reach individuals.

Conclusions
Features of eHealth models of nutrition care delivered via telephone and mobile app can be acceptable to those undergoing treatment for upper gastrointestinal cancer. Convenience, knowledge acquisition, improved self-management, and support were key benefits for the participants. Future interventions should focus on home-based interventions delivered with simple, easy-to-use technology. Providing participants with a choice of intervention delivery mode (synchronous or asynchronous) and allowing them to make individual choices that align to their individual values and capabilities may support improved outcomes.

Trial Registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN) 12617000152325; https://tinyurl.com/p3kxd37b.
Interoperable Platform to Report Polymerase Chain Reaction SARS-CoV-2 Tests From Laboratories to the Chilean Government: Development and Implementation Study
Authors: Guinez-Molinos Sergio , Andrade José María , Medina Negrete Alejandro , Espinoza Vidal Sonia , Rios Elvis 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundTesting, traceability, and isolation actions are a central strategy defined by the World Health Organization to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, the countries have had difficulties in counting the number of people infected with SARS-CoV-2. Errors in reporting results are a common factor, as well as the lack of interoperability between laboratories and governments. Approaches aimed at sending spreadsheets via email expose patients’ privacy and have increased the probability of errors due to retyping, which generates a delay in the notification of results.ObjectiveThis study aims to design and develop an interoperable platform to report polymerase chain reaction (PCR) SARS-CoV-2 tests from laboratories to the Chilean government.MethodsThe methodology to design and develop the interoperable platform was comprised of six well-structured stages: (1) creation of a minimum data set for PCR SARS-CoV-2 tests, (2) modeling processes and end points where institutions interchange information, (3) standards and interoperability design, (4) software development, (5) software testing, and (6) software implementation.ResultsThe interoperable Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) platform to report PCR SARS-CoV-2 tests from laboratories to the Chilean government was successfully implemented. The platform was designed, developed, tested, and implemented following a structured methodology. The platform’s performance to 1000 requests resulted in a response time of 240 milliseconds, throughput of 28.3 requests per second, and process management time of 131 milliseconds. The security was assured through a private network exclusive to the Ministry of Health to ensure confidentiality and integrity. The authorization and authentication of laboratories were implemented with a JavaScript Object Notation Web Token. All the PCR SARS-CoV-2 tests were accessible through an application programming interface gateway with valid credentials and the right access control list.ConclusionsThe platform was implemented and is currently being used by UC Christus Laboratory. The platform is secure. It was tested adequately for confidentiality, secure authorization, authentication, and message integrity. This platform simplifies the reporting of PCR SARS-CoV-2 tests and reduces the time and probability of mistakes in counting positive cases. The interoperable solution with FHIR is working successfully and is open for the community, laboratories, and any institution that needs to report PCR SARS-CoV-2 tests.
Assessing COVID-19–Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Hispanic Primary Care Patients: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Burger Zoe C , Mehta Shivani N , Ortiz Dayanna , Sor Sekboppa , Kothari Jigna , Lam Yvonne , Meka Meena , Meka Ajay , Rodwell Timothy 
Published: December 2020

Background
Recent epidemiological data indicate that minority groups, especially Hispanic communities, experience higher rates of infection, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19. It is important to understand the nature of this health disparity and the socioeconomic or behavioral factors that are placing Hispanic communities and other minority populations at higher risk for morbidity and mortality.

Objective
The purpose of this project is to assess current COVID-19–related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among a predominantly Hispanic population from Orange County, California, and identify risk factors that may contribute to increased susceptibility and vulnerability to contracting SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
Our Orange County–wide community survey consists of quantitative survey questions in four domains: demographic information, COVID-19 knowledge questions, COVID-19 attitude questions, and COVID-19 practices questions. The survey questions are adapted from recent global KAP studies. Participants are being recruited from Amistad Medical Clinic, a private primary health clinic group in Orange County that treats a predominantly Hispanic population. Patients recruited during telehealth visits are surveyed remotely by telephone, and those recruited during in-person clinic visits are surveyed in person. Surveys are conducted by trained members of the study team who are native to the community setting.

Results
As of October 12, 2020, we had recruited and enrolled 327 participants. Data collection occurred June 26th to October 30th. Data analysis is ongoing.

Conclusions
Very few current COVID-19 studies focus on the perspective and experience of minority populations. Because Hispanic communities are disproportionately affected by COVID-19, it is important to understand the factors the contribute to this disparity and the next steps that should be taken to reduce the COVID-19 burden in this population. We believe that our study model of partnering with a local clinic system that serves our study population can be expanded to other settings to compare COVID-19 KAP and associated factors within different minority communities.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/25265
Presencia de Hymenolepis nana y diminuta en roedores de la ciudadela las Piñas, Milagro-Ecuador y su riesgo en salud pública
Authors: Coello-Peralta Roberto Darwin , Martinez-Cepeda Galo Ernesto , Pinela-Castro Douglas , Reyes-Echeverria Enrique Omar , Rodriguez-Burnham Enrique Xavier , Salazar Mazamba Maria De Lourdes , Pazmiño-Gómez Betty , Ramírez-Tigrero Antonella , Bernstein Manuel , Cedeño-Reyes Pedro 
Published: December 2020

La Hymenolepidiosis es una zoonosis de prevalencia mundial, sobre todo en niños, es causada por cestodos de roedores denominados Hymenolepis (H) nana e Hymenolepis diminuta, es muy frecuente en países en vías de desarrollo, con climas cálidos, templados y secos. El ciclo biológico de la H. nana no requiere de hospederos intermediarios, y su transmisión habitual es fecal-oral (por ingesta de huevos infectivos); y la infección de H. diminuta se da a través de la ingestión de artrópodos tenebriónidos con la forma larvaria cisticercoides. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de H. nana e H. diminuta en la ciudadela Las Piñas, de la ciudad de Milagro (Ecuador) y dar a conocer a través de charlas informativas el riesgo en salud pública; para esta investigación se capturaron roedores con ayuda de trampas Tomahawk y Sherman en complementariedad con cebos no tóxicos (carne, mortadela, pescado, pan). Mediante un estudio aplicado, con enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo-prospectivo-transversal, realizado entre el 1 de febrero al 30 de julio del 2018, se analizaron las muestras fecales por métodos directos y de flotación-centrifugación con solución salina sobresaturada. De 87 roedores capturados y procesados, 20 casos (22.99 %) se determinó para Hymenolepis nana y 10 casos (11.49 %) para H. diminuta. Constituyéndose en el primer reporte de Hymenolepis nana y diminuta en roedores en el país. Se concluye que es evidente la presencia de estos parásitos en el sitio de estudio, lo que podría convertirse en un serio problema de salud pública, por el riesgo de transmitirse a los habitantes del sector.
Short Selling and Tax Disclosure: Evidence from Regulation SHO
Authors: Kubick Thomas R. , Omer Thomas C. , Song Xiao 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
We use a regulatory shock to examine whether the prospect of short selling affected tax disclosures. From May 2005 to August 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission initiated a pilot program under Regulation SHO, temporarily exempting one-third of the Russell 3000 index firms from short sale price tests, reducing short selling costs. Before the pilot program, we find that pilot firms' income tax footnote disclosures are similar to non-pilot firms. During the pilot program, we find that pilot firms have more readable income tax footnotes than non-pilot firms. The words describing tax activities also changed for tax aggressive pilot firms. In further tests, we observe greater readability among pilot firms led by senior executives whose personal wealth is more sensitive to stock price changes. After the pilot program ends, the differences between pilot and non-pilot firms disappear. These results suggest that the prospect of short selling affects tax disclosures.
JEL Classifications: H26; M41; G18.
Data Availability: All data used in this study are from publicly available sources.
Epistemological Obstacles on The Quadratic Inequality
Authors: Tamba Kimura Patar , Saragih Melda Jaya 
Published: December 2020

Students often experience difficulties and errors in solving quadratic inequality problems. These difficulties and errors are not only caused by students’ ignorance or misconceptions, but also caused by epistemological obstacles. This study aimed to determine the epistemological obstacles faced by the junior high school students in quadratic inequality. This research was a qualitative research that involved 105 ninth-grade students at one of the junior high schools in Bandung, Indonesia. The data were collected through open-ended tasks and task-based interviews. The data were analyzed using the inductive coding process to classify students’ errors. The descriptive analysis was carried out to reveal students’ ways of understanding and ways of thinking behind each error to be compared with historical analysis. Based on the description of ways of understanding and ways of thinking and comparison with this historical phenomenon, the epistemological obstacles had be confirmed. The results showed that there were epistemological obstacles in quadratic inequalities. The epistemological obstacles consisted of students' quadratic equation knowledge acts and students' arithmetic knowledge acts. However, no epistemological obstacles were found in the development history of quadratic inequality. Students' epistemological obstacles were parallel to the historical phenomena of quadratic inequality.
Algebraic Structure of Supernilpotent Radical Class Constructed from a Topology Thychonoff Space
Authors: Prasetyo Puguh Wahyu , Yuwaningsih Dian Ariesta , Nurnugroho Burhanudin Arif 
Published: December 2020

A radical class of rings is called a supernilpotent radicals if it is hereditary and it contains the class for some positive integer In this paper, we start by exploring the concept of Tychonoff space to build a supernilpotent radical. Let be a Tychonoff space that does not contain any isolated point. The set of all continuous real-valued functions defined on is a prime essential ring. Finally, we can show that the class of rings is a supernilpotent radical class containing the matrix ring .
Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19: A Case Series from Brazil
Authors: De Almeida Souza David , Alves Pereira Antelo Daniela 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Brazil has presented alarming and growing data on infection and deaths from SARS-CoV-2. There are more than 4 500 000 confirmed cases and more than 137 000 deaths ranking second in the world ranking of infected people. In addition to the involvement of the respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and neurological systems, this virus also causes non-specific skin lesions in same patients. Little is known about the pathophysiology of cutaneous involvement. At this moment, we cannot predict a difference in prognosis based on skin lesions.
Methods: We conducted an observational case study of 25 patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 who had dermatological lesions. We described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of each case, demonstrating the polymorphism of the skin lesions and also making a correlation with the chronology of presented systemic symptoms.
Results: Twenty five cases of COVID-19 with cutaneous manifestations (urticaria, erythematous rash, maculopapular eruption, pruritus, erythema multiforme-like lesions, dyshidrotic eczema) were observed during, after and before systemic symptoms. A few cases with skin involvement were also observed as isolated symptoms of the viral infection. These data demonstrate the clinical polymorphism related to skin involvement of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the importance of clinical suspicion by dermatologists when handling suspected cases in the current epidemiological scenario.
Conclusion: Although the number of cases in the world stage seems to be regressing, infection by SARS-CoV-2 will be part of the dermatologist's daily routine. As long as we do not have a widely available vaccine and the pandemic takes on an endemic profile, we need to be aware of these manifestations, not only for the proper diagnosis, indication of patient isolation, as well as all the necessary biosafety procedures in dermatology clinics.
WOMEN’S ENDURING SILENT IN SHASHI DESHPANDE’S ‘THE BINDING VINE’, ‘THE DARK HOLDS NO TERRORS’ AND ‘ROOTS AND SHADOWS’
Authors: Sekhar V. 
Published: December 2020

The heroines of Shashi Deshpande’s novels has to pass through difficult situations all of her life. They have continued to get attacks of depression and dejection all through even when they are in the happiest moments of their life, they are not free from a fear of some misfortunes as they could see lurking in near future. As the novel “The Dark Holds No Terror” Shashi Deshpande records a deep impression upon Sarita’s psyche and also in the novel “ The Binding Vine“, the women characters are unhappy mostly due to their being superstitious conservation and reactionary. Then in” Roots and Shadows’, which describes how a woman dependent, insecure and gives her an incomplete sense of identity.
ARBITRAGE PRICING MODEL IN RELATION TO EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESES
Authors: Razzaq Bilal , Noveen Sabra , Mustafa Adeel , Najaf Rabia 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this thesis is to distinguish between efficient and inefficient markets and check the validity and efficiency of Arbitrage Pricing Theory in these markets (United States and Hong Kong).
In order to distinguish between efficient and inefficient markets, Durbin Watson Autocorrelation tests were applied on 12 stock exchanges name EUROPE, HONG KONG, INDIA, TAIWAN, AMSTERDAM, MALAYSIA, UNITED STATES, CANADA, TOKYO, AUSTRALIA, AUSTRIA, and SWITZERLAND. Furthermore, the efficiency was further checked through comparison of the market and locally listed mutual funds. After the selection of Hong Kong and United States Stock Exchanges, 10 macroeconomic variables (Inflation, Short Term Interest Rate, Long Term Interest Rate, Exchange Rate, Money Supply, Gold Prices, Oil Prices, Industrial Production Index, Market Return and Unemployment Rate were tested upon so that the APT model could be constructed. Tests like Normality and Multi-co-linearity were performed. Principle Component Analysis was used to reduce the number of variables. After all the above mentioned tests 4 variables were chosen to represent the APT in both the Hong Kong and United States Stock Exchanges. Lastly OLS Regression was applied to study the effect of these macroeconomic variables on the stock prices.
The results showed that Hong Kong Stock Exchange was the most efficient while United States Stock Exchange fell in the inefficient category. The efficiency of APT was proven through the analysis of the value of R2. This value proved that when similar model of APT is applied in two different stock exchanges, the results would be more efficient in an efficient market like Hong Kong.
This is the first attempt at constructing an APT Model based on the economic conditions in one country and applying the same model in a highly efficient market; in order to relate the performance of APT with market efficiency.
EFFECT OF FARM YARD MANURE APPLICATION RATE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA) AT JIMMA SOUTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Melese Wendimu 
Published: December 2020

The current study was conducted at Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine of Ethiopia to find the effect of farm yard manure application rate on yield and yield component of lettuce. The experiment was arranged at three levels of farm yard manure (5 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha and 15 ton/ha). Each treatment was arranged as 1.1 kg, 2.25 kg and 3.3 kg/1.5 m2as T2, T3 and T4 respectively, and the control (0 kg/1.5 m2) as T1. A total of four treatments have been used. As the experimental tests showed that, farm yard manure with the rate of 3.3kg (15 ton/hek) is highly increased the yield and yield components of lettuce (plant height, leaf size, number of leaf per plant, fresh leaf weight, root depth and number of root per plant. Hence, it is recommended for general cultivation of lettuce under Jimma growing condition. Moreover, as the crop is growing at small scale farmer’s level in Jimma area further studies are needed with regard to the improvement of agronomic practices for lettuce at commercial level cultivation in Jimma and similar agro ecology.
Implementation SEMAR-IoT-Platform for Vehicle as a Mobile Sensor Network
Authors: Panduman Yohanes Yohanie Fridelin , Sukaridhoto Sritrusta , Tjahjono Anang , Budiarti Rizqi Putri Nourma 
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of IoT technology in various fields such as smart cities and industry 4.0, the need for wireless sensor network-based systems has increased, one of which is the concept of using a vehicle as a mobile sensor network or known as VaaMSN. Many developers use the IoT platform as a cloud computing service in developing the VaaMSN system. However, not all IoT platform service providers provide monitoring features on every device and provide information such as device location, purpose, condition. Therefore, this research aims to develop an IoT Platform that can receive data and provide information on each device, making it easier to process data and control devices.Â Therefore, this research aims to develop an IoT platform called the SEMAR-IoT-Platform that able to received data and provide information on each device for easier data processing and control devices.Â The SEMAR-IoT-Platform integrates Big Data, Data Analytics, Machine Learning, using the principles of Extract, Transfer, and Load (ETL) for data processing and provides communication services using HTTP-POST, MQTT, and NATS.Â The test results show that the system has been successfully implemented to complement a simple IoT system with an average delay time of HTTP, NATS, and MQTT communications of less than 150ms for the data storage process, and for the data visualization process has an average delay time of less than 300ms.