bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of supercritical, liquid, and gaseous CO2 on fracture behavior in sandstone
Authors: Sun Ze‐dong , Song Xuan‐min , Feng Gan , Huo Yu‐ming , Wang Zhong‐Lun , Kong Shao‐qi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStoring CO2 in geological formations can reduce the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. In order to explore the fracture behavior of caprock during CO2 geological storage, three caprock adsorption experiments for supercritical, liquid, and gaseous CO2 were designed. The fracture toughness of mode I, mode II, and mixed‐mode I/II of sandstone before and after the experiment was tested, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the fracture mechanical characteristics of sandstone. Results showed that the pure mode I fracture toughness of sandstone immersed in supercritical CO2 (ScCO2), liquid CO2, and gaseous CO2 for 30 days decreased by 27.89%, 11.01%, and 17.43%, respectively, compared to nonimmersed sandstone. Pure mode I fracture toughness was more sensitive than mixed‐mode I/II and pure mode II fracture toughness to the various CO2 phase states. Furthermore, the ability of sandstone to resist fracture and failure was significantly reduced by the adsorption of CO2 in different phases. The effects of the different phases were in the following order: ScCO2 > gaseous CO2 > liquid CO2. The decreased ability of sandstone to resist fracture was primarily due to the geophysical and chemical reactions between CO2 and minerals, the alteration of minerals, or the formation of new substances. SEM observations showed that liquid CO2 adsorption caused the sandstone to undergo intergranular fracture, and the adsorption of gaseous CO2 promoted the occurrence of transgranular fractures. In particular, due to the ScCO2 adsorption, various fracture forms such as intergranular fractures, transgranular fractures, and mutual coupling fractures existed simultaneously. Sandstone exhibited numerous fractures and pores, and fracture resistance was weakened. Results of this study have important significance for evaluating the stability and safety of CO2 geological storage.
Screening and application of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts with L‐lactic acid‐producing and antioxidant capacity in traditional fermented rice acid
Authors: Liu Na , Miao Song , Qin Likang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the study, Lactobacillus paracasei H4‐11, Lactobacillus fermentum D1‐1, Lactobacillus casei H1‐8, Lactobacillus reuteri H2‐12, and Kluyveromyces marxianus L1‐1 were screened from traditional fermented rice acid based on several indicators: L‐lactic acid production capacity (13.46 ~ 19.69 g/kg), antioxidant capacity (DPPH clearance ability of 35.36 ~ 56.89%), and savory flavor indicators. Glutinous rice, quinoa, barley rice, and brown rice were selected to carry out rice acid fermentation. Different viable lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were screened, respectively, in the saccharification, acidification, alcoholization, and late acidification stages. Rice acid fermented with L. paracasei H4‐11 and K. marxianus L1‐1 in glutinous rice showed the high L‐lactic acid content (23.09 g/kg). The DPPH free radical scavenging ability in rice acid fermented with L. fermentum D1‐1 and L. paracasei H4‐11, respectively, reached 34.27% and 33.05% in 96 hr. Although quinoa rice acid had the highest L‐lactic acid content (33.74 g/kg) and the DPPH free radical scavenging ability (60.10%), it had the poor taste due to the high astringency intensity and bitter intensity. Rice acid fermented with both L. paracasei H4‐11 and K. marxianus L1‐1 in glutinous rice showed the highest savory flavor and had the lowest astringency and bitter. L. paracasei H4‐11 and K. marxianus L1‐1 were the potential strains for the fermentation of rice acid. These results promote the industrial development of Chinese rice acid.Practical applicationsRice acid as a functional nondairy fermented product is widely accepted by Chinese consumers. However, rice acid fermentation is still a traditional spontaneous process, which causes instability in its flavor and quality. Lactobacillus paracasei H4‐11 and Kluyveromyces marxianus L1‐1 screened in this study contributed to the improvements in the flavor and antioxidant capacity of rice acid. In addition, glutinous rice was confirmed as the suitable fermentation material of rice acid in the study.
Maternal stress and birth outcomes: Evidence from an unexpected earthquake swarm
Authors: Menclova Andrea Kutinova , Stillman Steven 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe examine the impact of a major earthquake that unexpectedly affected the Canterbury region of New Zealand on a wide‐range of birth outcomes, including birth weight, gestational age, and an indicator of general newborn health. We control for observed and unobserved differences between pregnant women in the area affected by the earthquake and other pregnant women by including mother fixed effects in all of our regression models. We extend the previous literature by comparing the impact of the initial unexpected earthquake to the impacts of thousands of aftershocks that occurred in the same region over the 18 months following the initial earthquake. We find that exposure to these earthquakes reduced gestational age, increased the likelihood of having a late birth, and negatively affected newborn health—with the largest effects for earthquakes that occurred in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Our estimates are similar when we focus on just the impact of the initial earthquake or, in contrast, on all earthquakes controlling for endogenous location decisions using an instrumental variables approach. This suggests that the previous estimates in the literature that use this approach are likely unbiased and that treatment effects are homogenous in the population. We present supporting evidence that the likely channel for these adverse effects is maternal stress.
Identifying and clustering performance shaping factors for nuclear power plant commissioning tasks
Authors: Yin Zijian , Liu Zhaopeng , Li Zhizhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe commissioning of a nuclear power plant (NPP) is the last stage in the life cycle of an NPP before commercial operation. Human errors in this stage cannot only harm workers' safety but can also cause damage to system facilities, postpone the commissioning schedule, and become latent problems in the system if the errors are not discovered during the commissioning stage. Therefore, identifying and controlling potential human errors is of great importance at this stage. This study first reviewed existing performance shaping factor (PSF) models and related research on NPPs as well as in other industry fields. Based on these aspects, and with the consideration of the characteristics of commissioning tasks, 8 PSF components and 110 PSF indicators were identified through a literature review and interview. Then, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 269 respondents from 3 NPPs in China to determine commissioning workers' judgment of perceived occurrence frequency and impact of each indicator. Relevant PSF indicators were clustered into 24 PSF factors by exploratory factor analysis. Finally, the risk levels for identified factors and indicators were evaluated. The results show some commonalities with other PSF frameworks, and the differences are discussed.
Magnetohydrodynamic flow of Williamson fluid in a microchannel for both horizontal and inclined loci with wall shear properties
Authors: Gireesha B. J. , Sindhu S. , Sowmya G. , Felicita A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study reports the flow of Williamson fluid in a microchannel, considering the effect of thermal radiation, heat source, slip regime, and convective boundary. The physical phenomenon is demonstrated by employing the Williamson model. The mathematical expressions are made dimensionless by using nondimensional quantities. The numerical approach called Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg scheme is hired to get the solution. The upshots of the pertinent flow parameter on physical features are visualized through graphs. It is established that the augmentation of Nusselt number has been achieved by increasing Weissenberg number and Reynolds number. In addition to this, it is emphasized that the reduction in the wall velocity gradient is obtained for a higher Weissenberg number.
Does economic uncertainty matter in international commodity futures markets?
Authors: Kim Sun Young , Kwon Kyung Yoon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper examines whether economic uncertainty risk is significantly priced in international commodity futures markets. Contrary to the belief that commodity futures are sensitive to economic uncertainty, our results provide concrete evidence that uncertainty risk is not significantly priced. To explain these results, we examine whether financial intermediaries who are supposed to be marginal investors are not uncertainty averse. We find that the effect of economic uncertainty becomes insignificant after financialization, that is, a large inflow of financial investors, in 2004 and the relation between economic uncertainty and intermediaries' leverage ratio is insignificant. These results suggest that economic uncertainty might not be priced because it is not a significant concern of financial intermediaries.
Sovereign ratings, foreign direct investment and contagion in emerging markets: Does being a BRICS country matter?
Authors: Emara Noha , El Said Ayah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUsing dynamic panel System GMM for 24 EMs over the period 1990–2018, we analyse how changes in sovereign ratings affect FDI inflows to EMs. The study also estimates the contagion effect of a ratings change among any of the BRICS countries on three regions, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) and Latin America and Asia. Third, we estimate the impact of a ratings change on FDI inflows in the presence of two types of crises, the 2007–2009 global financial crisis as well as country‐specific crises. The results suggest that sovereign ratings have a statistically significant impact on the flow of FDI to EMs and that the BRICS countries as a bloc exert a statistically significant contagion impact on the FDI inflows into the three regions examined. We also find that the impact of sovereign ratings change on FDI inflows increases in crisis times, both country‐specific, as well as the global financial crisis.
Can pre‐eclampsia explain higher cesarean rates in the different groups of Robson's classification?
Authors: Sanchez Mariana P. , Guida Jose P. , Simões Marcela , Marangoni‐Junior Marcos , Cralcev Christopher , Santos Juliana C. , Dias Tabata Z. , Luz Adriana G. , Costa Maria L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of pre‐eclampsia on cesarean delivery by using the Robson classification.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study including all women who delivered in a referral maternity hospital in southeast Brazil from January 2017 to February 2018. Women were classified into 1 of 10 Robson groups and then further subdivided into pre‐eclampsia (PE) and non‐PE (NPE) groups. Frequency of cesarean was determined for each group and compared by using χ2 and prevalence ratio.ResultsOverall, 3102 women were included, of whom 1578 (50.9%) delivered by cesarean. Classification in Robson group 5 was the most frequent among all women (n=727, 23.4%). In the PE group (n=258, 8.3%), group 10 was the most frequent classification (n=120, 46.5%); in NPE, Robson group 5 was the most frequency (n=682, 24.0%). Pre‐eclampsia was associated with a higher occurrence of cesarean (77.5% vs 48.4%; prevalence ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.82–2.82), owing to higher rates in Robson groups 1, 5, and 10.ConclusionPre‐eclampsia was associated with a higher occurrence of cesarean delivery in some Robson groups. Robson classification may be used to evaluate the impact of specific conditions at a facility level to help plan future interventions to optimize the use of cesarean.
Targeting Bone Cells During Sexual Maturation Reveals Sexually Dimorphic Regulation of Endochondral Ossification
Authors: Fairfield Heather , Costa Samantha , DeMambro Victoria , Schott Celine , Martins Janaina Da Silva , Ferron Mathieu , Vary Calvin , Reagan Michaela R 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTIn endochondral ossification, chondroblasts become embedded in their matrix and become chondrocytes, which are mature cells that continue to proliferate, eventually becoming hypertrophic. Hypertrophic chondrocytes produce cartilage that is then resorbed by osteoclasts prior to bone matrix replacement via osteoblasts. Although sexually dimorphic bone phenotypes have long been characterized, specific modulation of the growth plate during a critical window in sexual maturation has not been evaluated. Here we report that specific depletion of osteocalcin‐ (OCN‐) expressing cells in vivo during sexual maturation leads to dimorphic bone phenotypes in males and females. At 6 to 8 weeks of age, OCN‐Cre;iDTR (inducible diphtheria toxin receptor‐expressing) mice were treated with diphtheria toxin (DT) for 2 weeks to deplete OCN+ cells. At the end of the study, long bones were collected for μCT and histomorphometry, and serum was collected for proteomic and lipidomic analyses. Ablation of OCN+ cells in mice leads to consistent trends for weight loss after 2 weeks of treatment. Females exhibited decreased skeletal parameters in response to OCN+ cell ablation treatment, as expected. However, OCN+ cell ablation in males uniquely displayed an expansion of hypertrophic chondrocytes, a widening of the growth plate, and an abnormal “clubbing” anatomy of the distal femur. Following DT treatment, mice from both sexes also underwent metabolic cage analysis, in which both sexes exhibited decreased energy expenditure. We conclude that skewing endochondral bone formation during longitudinal growth has a profound effect on body weight and energy expenditure with sex‐specific effects on developing bone. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Zingerone suppresses cell proliferation via inducing cellular apoptosis and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human prostate cancer PC‐3 cells
Authors: Qian Shengqiang , Fang Huiying , Zheng Lu , Liu Mei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is both the foremost and second cause of cancer death in the male population. Patients with hormone‐dependent PCa are initially sensitive to androgen‐deprivation therapy, later the cancer progress to a hormone‐independent state and fails to respond and progress to the metastatic stage, where the cells gain the ability to escape cell death and develop resistance to current therapies, thereby leading to migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer. Many clinical trials using nutraceuticals on cancer using human subjects have also been extensively studied, these studies confirm the efficacy of drugs tested in in vitro and in vivo preclinical models. Among various dietary phytochemicals, ginger is commonly used in the diet and possesses many active principles that act against cancer. Among various active principles, zingerone is a key active phenolic compound present in Zingiber officinale (Ginger), it has potent antioxidant property and it acts against carcinogens. The present study evaluated the efficacy of zingerone at different doses on the PCa cell line regarding apoptosis, upstream signing molecules such as Akt/mTOR, and migration metastasis. A cell viability assay using MTT was performed to estimate the percentage of viability of zingerone‐treated PC‐3 cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis induction in the zingerone‐treated PC‐3 cells were studied by using different fluorescence staining techniques. The expression patterns of PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT, mTOR, and p‐mTOR were investigated through the Western blot analysis assay. Zingerone induces apoptosis and alters Akt/mTOR molecules; it also inhibits cell adhesion and migration of PCa cells. From the present study, it is concluded that zingerone effectively induces apoptosis and inhibits cancer signaling, thereby acting as a potent drug against PCa.
Protective effect of panaxydol against repeated administration of aristolochic acid on renal function and lipid peroxidation products via activating Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE pathway in rat kidney
Authors: Guo Yinxue , Hu Maorong , Ma Juan , Chinnathambi Arunachalam , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Shair Omar H. M. , Ge Pingyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPanaxydol (PX), a polyacetylenic compound isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng, is found to possess various biological functions. However, its protective effects against aristolochic acid (AA)‐induced renal injury have not been elucidated yet. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the renoprotective effect of PX on Wistar male rats via activating Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE pathway. Experimental animals were randomized into four groups, such as control group, I/R group, AA (5 mg/kg/d; ip for 10 days), and AA‐induced rats treated with PX (10 and 20 mg/kg/d; po for 20 days). At the end of the experimental period, the rats were killed, and the biochemical parameters denoting renal functions were evaluated; histological analysis displaying the renal tissue architecture, real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of Keap1‐Nrf2/ARE genes were elucidated. The results demonstrated that the rats administered with AA displayed a significant increase in the blood urea nitrogen level with an increased urine creatinine and protein excretion. Also, the serum levels of urea, uric acid, and albumin levels were increased. Furthermore, the histological evaluation denoted the cellular degeneration with increased tissue lipid peroxidation levels. In contrast, rats administered with PX significantly prevented the tissue degeneration with improved antioxidant levels. Conversely, PX treatment increased the messenger RNA expression of Nrf2, NQO1, HO‐1 with an attenuated expression of 4HNE and NOX‐4 levels in IHC analysis. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that PX could suppress AA‐induced renal failure by suppressing oxidative stress through the activation of Keap1‐Nrf2 signaling pathway.
General recurrence‐relation generation scheme for molecular integral evaluation
Authors: Gao Bin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe develop a new scheme for evaluating different molecular integrals using Gaussian type orbitals. In this new scheme, the evaluation of integrals is performed in two steps during runtime. The first step is a top‐down procedure that maps each recurrence relation into a jagged array (array of arrays), where each element of a member array represents either the final results or some intermediate integrals that are stored in our developed data structure “coarse‐grained circular buffer”. This step is the same for all different one‐ and two‐electron operators so that the same algorithm and source codes can be used. In the second step, a bottom‐up procedure is carried out that computes all the intermediate and the final molecular integrals by backtracking elements from the last member array of each jagged array. Different source codes should in principle be used for different electron operators in the second step, but which can be generated automatically by our developed recurrence‐relation compiler. The currently proposed general recurrence‐relation generation scheme provides a new, generic and automatic programming way for various one‐ and two‐electron integrals needed in computational chemistry. Users can even introduce new electron operators and evaluate their integrals during runtime by combining the implementation of the proposed new scheme and the just‐in‐time compilation technique.
Retracted: Two Co(II) coordination polymers: Inhibitory effect on chronic myocarditis by reducing expression levels of the hs‐cTnT in the cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ping Tian , Liang Yanchao , Li Shan , Wang Fang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnder the solvothermal conditions, by using the rigid π‐conjugated connector of H4L (5,5′‐[1,3,6,8‐tetraoxobenzo [lmn] [3], [8] phenanthroline‐2‐7‐diyl] bis‐1,3‐benzenedicarboxylic acid) and the nitrogen‐donor auxiliary connector, two novel coordination polymers (CPs) based on Co ions as nodes {([Co(L)0.5(bpy)(H2O)]·3.5H2O)}n (1, bpy = 4,4′‐bipyridine) and {[Co(L)0.5(1,4‐bib)(H2O)2]·2·5H2O·DMA}n (2, 1,4‐bib = 1,4‐bis[1‐imidazoly]benzene) have been synthesized. Furthermore, the treatment activities of the compounds on the pediatric chronic myocarditis were evaluated. The relative expression of the hs‐cTnT in the cardiomyocytes was determined by the real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The inflammatory cytokines content resealed by the cardiomyocytes was also determined using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection kit.
The overview and perspectives of biosensors and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review
Authors: Salimiyan Rizi Kobra , Aryan Ehsan , Meshkat Zahra , Ranjbar Golnaz , Sankian Mojtaba , Ghazvini Kiarash , Farsiani Hadi , Pourianfar Hamid R. , Rezayi Majid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is referred to as a “consumption” or phthisis, which has been a fatal human disease for thousands of years. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) might have been responsible for the death of more humans than any other bacterial pathogens. Therefore, the rapid diagnosis of this bacterial infection plays a pivotal role in the timely and appropriate treatment of the patients, as well as the prevention of disease spread. More than 98% of TB cases are reported in developing countries, and due to the lack of well‐equipped and specialized diagnostic laboratories, development of effective diagnostic methods based on biosensors is essential for this bacterium. In this review, original articles published in English were retrieved from multiple databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library during January 2010–October 2019. In addition, the reference lists of the articles were also searched. Among 109 electronically searched citations, 42 articles met the inclusion criteria. The highest potential and wide usage of biosensors for the diagnosis of M. tb and its drug resistance belonged to DNA electrochemical biosensors (isoniazid and rifampin strains). Use of biosensors is expanding for the detection of resistant strains of anti‐TB antibiotics with high sensitivity and accuracy, while the speed of these sensory methods is considered essential as well. Furthermore, the lowest limit of detection (0.9 fg/ml) from an electrochemical DNA biosensor was based on graphene‐modified iron‐oxide chitosan hybrid deposited on fluorine tin oxide for the MPT64 antigen target. According to the results, the most common methods used for M. tb detection include acid‐fast staining, cultivation, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Although molecular techniques (e.g., PCR and real‐time PCR) are rapid and sensitive, they require sophisticated laboratory and apparatuses, as well as skilled personnel and expertise in the commentary of the results. Biosensors are fast, valid, and cost‐efficient diagnostic method, and the improvement of their quality is of paramount importance in resource‐constrained settings.