bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability Consideration in Plutonium Storage Container
Authors: Yeh Hsiang Y. , Masudi Houshang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Plutonium storage container is a very complex structure. There are many variables that affect the structural behavior of container. It is very difficult to obtain an explicit limit state function of this structure to perform the reliability analysis. This study used several techniques for the reliability analysis of container and consequently a suitable and efficient method is recommended for the container reliability study. The reliability of container was calculated using the proposed approach and the effect of random variables in the reliability of container is also assessed.
Perineural invasion predicts for locoregional failure in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Patel Ankur K , Pan Xueliang , Vila Diana M , Frankel Wendy L , Chen Wei , Perry Kyle A , Merritt Robert E , D'Souza Desmond M , Wuthrick Evan J , Williams Terence M 
Published: April 2020

AimThe prognostic significance of perineural invasion (PNI) in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is unclear. We examined the association of PNI with clinical outcomes in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery.MethodsWe performed a single institutional retrospective study. We evaluated the association of PNI with locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival using log-rank and Cox proportional hazard modelling.Results29 out of 73 patients (40%) had PNI at the time of surgery. The median follow-up was 20.1 months. The median DFS was 18.4 months for patients with PNI vs 41.3 months for patients without PNI (p<0.05). The median LRFS was 23.3 months for patients with PNI and median not reached for patients without PNI (p<0.01). In a multivariate model including age and pathological variables, PNI remained a significant independent predictor of LRFS (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.60; p=0.004).ConclusionsFor patients with EAC treated with nCRT, PNI found at the time of surgery is significantly associated with worse LRFS. Our data support attempts to validate this finding and perhaps testing the role of adjuvant therapy in patients with PNI.
Determinants of cerebral radiological progression in Fabry disease
Authors: Körver Simon , Longo Maria G F , Lima Marjana R , Hollak Carla E M , El Sayed Mohamed , van Schaik Ivo N , Vedolin Leonardo , Dijkgraaf Marcel G W , Langeveld Mirjam 
Published: April 2020

Background and aimIt is unclear which patients with Fabry disease (FD) are at risk for progression of white matter lesions (WMLs) and brain infarctions and whether enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) changes this risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ERT and clinical characteristics on progression of WMLs and infarctions on MRI in patients with FD.MethodsMRIs were assessed for WMLs (Fazekas scale), infarctions and basilar artery diameter (BAD). The effect of clinical characteristics (renal and cardiac involvement, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiac complications, BAD) and ERT on WML and infarction progression was evaluated using mixed models.ResultsOne hundred forty-nine patients were included (median age: 39 years, 38% men, 79% classical phenotype). Median follow-up time was 7 years (range: 0–13 years) with a median number of MRIs per patient of 5 (range: 1–14), resulting in a total of 852 scans. Variables independently associated with WML and infarction progression were age, male sex and a classical phenotype. Progression of WMLs and infarctions was not affected by adding ERT to the model, neither for the whole group, nor for early treated patients. Progression was highly variable among patients which could not be explained by other known variables such as hypertension, cholesterol, atrial fibrillation and changes in kidney function, left ventricular mass or BAD.ConclusionProgression of WMLs and cerebral infarctions in FD is mainly related to age, sex and phenotype. Additional effects of established cardiovascular risk factors, organ involvement and treatment with ERT are probably small to negligible.
Comparison of intra-aneurysmal flow modification using optical flow imaging to evaluate the performance of Evolve and Pipeline flow diverting stents
Authors: Cancelliere Nicole Mariantonia , Nicholson Patrick , Radovanovic Ivan , Mendes Karla Mirella , Orru Emanuele , Krings Timo , Pereira Vitor M 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundFlow diverting stent (FDS) devices have revolutionized the treatment of large and complex brain aneurysms, but there is still room for improvement, particularly on the flow diversion properties and technical challenges associated with stent deployment. In this study we compared flow diversion properties between the new generation Surpass Evolve (Stryker) and the Pipeline Flex (Medtronic) devices by quantitatively evaluating intra-aneurysmal flow modification.MethodsAn in vitro experimental set-up was used, consisting of four patient-specific silicone models with internal carotid aneurysms and a circulating hemodynamic simulation system with pulsatile flow. The Evolve and Pipeline stents were deployed across the neck of each aneurysm model, in a randomized fashion, for a total of eight device deployments. A 60 frames/s digital subtraction angiography run was acquired before and after placement of each FDS. An optical flow-analysis method was used to measure intra-aneurysmal flow modification induced by the stent by calculating a mean aneurysm flow amplitude (MAFA) before and after stent placement and computing a ratio.ResultsAverage MAFA ratio values calculated from pre- and post-stent placement were significantly lower after deployment of the Evolve (n=4, mean=0.62±0.09) compared with the Pipeline device (n=4, mean=0.71±0.06) (p=0.03).ConclusionsOur in vitro results show that the Evolve stent had a superior flow diversion effect compared with the Pipeline stent, which—based on clinical evidence—suggest it may promote faster aneurysm occlusion rates in patients.
Supersymmetric proton decay revisited
Authors: Ellis John , Evans L. , Nagata Natsumi , Olive Keith A. , Velasco-Sevilla Liliana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEncouraged by the advent of a new generation of underground detectors – JUNO, DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande – that are projected to improve significantly on the present sensitivities to various baryon decay modes, we revisit baryon decay in the minimal supersymmetric SU(5) GUT. We discuss the phenomenological uncertainties associated with hadronic matrix elements and the value of the strong coupling $$\alpha _s$$αs – which are the most important – the weak mixing angle $$\theta _W$$θW, quark masses including one-loop renormalization effects, quark mixing and novel GUT phases that are not visible in electroweak interaction processes. We apply our analysis to a variety of CMSSM, super- and sub-GUT scenarios in which soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters are assumed to be universal at, above and below the GUT scale, respectively. In many cases, we find that the next generation of underground detectors should be able to probe models with sparticle masses that are $${{\mathcal {O}}}(10)$$O(10) TeV, beyond the reach of the LHC.
A Review of De Quervain’s Stenosing Tenovaginitis in the Context of Smartphone Use
Authors: Morgan Samuel DJ. , Sivakumar Brahman S. , An Vincent GG. , Sevao Joshua , Graham David J. 
Published: April 2020

Background: De Quervain tenosynovitis (DQT) has been associated with repetitive movements of the radial first dorsal compartment. Since 2007, smartphones have become ingrained in society. Their functionality is primarily performed by dexterity of the user’s thumb(s). The aim of this study was to review the current literature regarding the correlation between DQT and smartphone usage as a systematic review has not previously been presented. Methods: A literature review was conducted electronically using the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane and MEDLINE search libraries during May of 2019. Studies eligible for inclusion were English-language studies assessing the link between mobile phone use and DQT. Included studies were required to report on focused outcomes. Only original data studies were included. Case studies, those with data sets collected prior to 2007, foreign language research were excluded. Results: A positive Finkelstein’s result within the cohorts was found in a mean of 51.54% of participants. Odds ratios (OR) of 1.5 to 2.3 were found with increasing frequency of text messages and DQT. Females were found to have a higher frequency of text messages daily. Internet browsing and gaming on mobile phones were associated with an OR of 2.21 and 2.61 respectively. DQT associated pain correlated to a mild disruption in daily tasks. On a visual analogue scale, this pain was represented as a 4 out of 10. Conclusions: In conclusion, there appears to be a linear association between frequency of text messages and incidence of DQT. Additionally, there is an association between DQT pain and a mild disruption to daily activities other than mobile phone use.
Timing of Surgery for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures and Early Postoperative Results
Authors: Suganuma Seigo , Tada Kaoru , Yasutake Hidetoshi , Horii Takeshi , Takata Munetomo , Shimanuki Keito , Tsuji Daiyu , Takagawa Shingo , Asano Yohei , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2020

Background: Pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture (PSHF) is one of the most common fractures of the elbow seen among boys aged between 5 and 7 years. The timing of surgical treatment for this type of fracture is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the timing of surgery for PSHFs affects the incidence of early postoperative complications and reduction of PSHFs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of PSHF patients who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2007 and March 2019. We classified patients who underwent surgery within 12 h and more than 12 h after the fracture as the early and delayed groups, respectively. The outcome measures compared between the two groups were the incidence of postoperative early complications such as neurological deficits, including iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury, vascular compromise, compartment syndrome, K-wire migration, and unplanned returns to the operating room. We also examined surgical time, reduction procedure, and perioperative radiographic parameters. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of early complications between the early and delayed groups for either modified Gartland type II or type III fractures. There was also no significant difference in surgical time, reduction procedure, or perioperative radiographic parameters between the two groups. Conclusions: Delayed surgery was not associated with an increased rate of postoperative early complications in either type II or type III fractures. The timing of surgery does not affect the difficulty or quality of reduction.
Gestational Diabetes and Risk of Breast Cancer in African American Women
Authors: Bertrand Kimberly A. , Castro-Webb Nelsy , Cozier Yvette C. , Li Shanshan , O'Brien Katie M. , Rosenberg Lynn , Palmer Julie R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been hypothesized to increase breast cancer risk, but results from the few prior epidemiologic studies are conflicting, and no studies have examined the association in African American women.

Methods:
We analyzed data from the prospective Black Women's Health Study to evaluate associations of history of GDM with breast cancer risk among 41,767 parous African American women, adjusting for potential confounders. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results:
There was no evidence of an association between history of GDM and risk of invasive breast cancer, overall or by estrogen receptor status.

Conclusions:
Results of this study do not support the hypothesis that GDM is an important risk factor for breast cancer in African American women overall.

Impact:
On the basis of these data, breast cancer risk is not increased among African American women with a history of GDM compared with parous women without a history of GDM.
Triadin Knockout Syndrome Is Absent in a Multi-Center Molecular Autopsy Cohort of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sudden Unexplained Death in the Young and Is Extremely Rare in the General Population
Authors: Clemens Daniel J. , Gray Belinda , Bagnall Richard D. , Tester David J. , Dotzler Steven M. , Giudicessi John R. , Matthews Emma , Semsarian Christopher , Behr Elijah R. , Ackerman Michael J. 
Published: April 2020

Background:

Triadin knockout syndrome (TKOS) is a potentially lethal arrhythmia disorder caused by recessively inherited null variants in
TRDN
-encoded cardiac triadin. Despite its malignant phenotype, the prevalence of TKOS in sudden infant death syndrome and sudden unexplained death in the young is unknown.

Methods:

Exome sequencing was performed on 599 sudden infant death syndrome and 258 sudden unexplained death in the young cases. Allele frequencies of all
TRDN
null variants identified in the cardiac-specific isoform of
TRDN
in the Genome Aggregation Database were used to determine the estimated prevalence and ethnic distribution of TKOS.

Results:
No triadin null individuals were identified in 599 sudden infant death syndrome and 258 sudden unexplained death in the young exomes. Using the Genome Aggregation Database, we estimate the overall prevalence of TKOS to be ≈1:22.7 million individuals. However, TKOS prevalence is 5.5-fold higher in those of African descent (≈1:4.1 million).

Conclusions:
TKOS is an exceedingly rare clinical entity that does not contribute meaningfully to either sudden infant death syndrome or sudden unexplained death in the young. However, despite its rarity and absence in large sudden death cohorts, TKOS remains a malignant and potentially lethal disorder which requires further research to better care for these patients.
AP-1 Contributes to Chromatin Accessibility to Promote Sarcomere Disassembly and Cardiomyocyte Protrusion During Zebrafish Heart Regeneration
Authors: Beisaw Arica , Kuenne Carsten , Guenther Stefan , Dallmann Julia , Wu Chi-Chung , Bentsen Mette , Looso Mario , Stainier Didier Y.R. 
Published: April 2020

Rationale:
The adult human heart is an organ with low regenerative potential. Heart failure following acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death due to the inability of cardiomyocytes to proliferate and replenish lost cardiac muscle. While the zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model to study endogenous cardiac regeneration, the molecular mechanisms by which cardiomyocytes respond to damage by disassembling sarcomeres, proliferating, and repopulating the injured area remain unclear. Furthermore, we are far from understanding the regulation of the chromatin landscape and epigenetic barriers that must be overcome for cardiac regeneration to occur.

Objective:
To identify transcription factor regulators of the chromatin landscape, which promote cardiomyocyte regeneration in zebrafish, and investigate their function.

Methods and Results:

Using the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin coupled to high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-Seq), we first find that the regenerating cardiomyocyte chromatin accessibility landscape undergoes extensive changes following cryoinjury, and that activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding sites are the most highly enriched motifs in regions that gain accessibility during cardiac regeneration. Furthermore, using bioinformatic and gene expression analyses, we find that the AP-1 response in regenerating adult zebrafish cardiomyocytes is largely different from the response in adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. Using a cardiomyocyte-specific dominant negative approach, we show that blocking AP-1 function leads to defects in cardiomyocyte proliferation as well as decreased chromatin accessibility at the
fbxl22
and
ilk
loci, which regulate sarcomere disassembly and cardiomyocyte protrusion into the injured area, respectively. We further show that overexpression of the
AP-1
family members
Junb
and
Fosl1
can promote changes in mammalian cardiomyocyte behavior in vitro.

Conclusions:
AP-1 transcription factors play an essential role in the cardiomyocyte response to injury by regulating chromatin accessibility changes, thereby allowing the activation of gene expression programs that promote cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, proliferation, and protrusion into the injured area.
Autoantibody Signature in Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Maguy Ange , Tardif Jean-Claude , Busseuil David , Ribi Camillo , Li Jin 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Cardiac arrest is a tragic event that causes 1 death roughly every 90 seconds worldwide. Survivors generally undergo a workup to identify the cause of arrest. However, 5% to 10% of cardiac arrests remain unexplained. Because cardiac arrhythmias underlie most cardiac arrests and increasing evidence strongly supports the involvement of autoantibodies in arrhythmogenesis, a large-panel autoantibody screening was performed in patients with cardiac arrest.

Methods:
This is an observational, cross-sectional study of patients from the Montreal Heart Institute hospital cohort, a single-center registry of participants. A peptide microarray was designed to screen for immunoglobulin G targeting epitopes from all known cardiac ion channels with extracellular domains. Plasma samples from 23 patients with unexplained cardiac arrest were compared with those from 22 patients with cardiac arrest cases of ischemic origin and a group of 29 age-, sex-, and body mass index–matched healthy subjects. The false discovery rate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression, and random forest methods were carried out jointly to find significant differential immunoglobulin G responses.

Results:

The autoantibody against the pore domain of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel was consistently identified as a biomarker of idiopathic cardiac arrest (
P
=0.002; false discovery rate, 0.007; classification accuracies ≥0.83). Functional studies on human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes demonstrated that the anti–L-type voltage-gated calcium channel immunoglobulin G purified from patients with idiopathic cardiac arrest is proarrhythmogenic by reducing the action potential duration through calcium channel inhibition.

Conclusions:
The present report addresses the concept of autoimmunity and cardiac arrest. Hitherto unknown autoantibodies targeting extracellular sequences of cardiac ion channels were detected. Moreover, the study identified an autoantibody signature specific to patients with cardiac arrest.
The Influence of a Submarine Canyon on the Circulation and Cross-Shore Exchanges around an Upwelling Front
Authors: Saldías Gonzalo S. , Allen Susan E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe response of a coastal ocean numerical model, typical of eastern boundaries, is investigated under upwelling-favorable wind forcing and with/without the presence of a submarine canyon. Experiments were run over three contrasting shelf depth/slope bathymetries and forced by an upwelling-favorable alongshore wind. Random noise in the wind stress field was used to trigger the onset of frontal instabilities, which formed around the upwelling front. Their development and evolution are enhanced over deeper (and less inclined) shelves. Experiments without a submarine canyon agree well with previous studies of upwelling frontal instabilities; baroclinic instabilities grow along the front in time. The addition of a submarine canyon incising the continental shelf dramatically changes the circulation and frontal characteristics. Intensified upwelling is channeled through the downstream side of the canyon in all depth/slope configurations. Farther downstream a downwelling area is generated, being larger and stronger on a shallow shelf. The canyon affects mainly the location of the southward upwelling jet, which is deflected inshore and accelerated after passing over the canyon. This process is accompanied by a break in the alongshore scale of the instabilities on either side of the canyon. Term balances of the depth-averaged cross-shore momentum equation reaffirm the downstream acceleration of the jet and the increased wavelength of the instabilities, and clarify the dominant balance between the advection and ageostrophic terms around the canyon.
Age‐Related Central Auditory Processing Disorder, MCI, and Dementia in an Older Population of Southern Italy
Authors: Sardone Rodolfo , Battista Petronilla , Donghia Rossella , Lozupone Madia , Tortelli Rosanna , Guerra Vito , Grasso Alessandra , Griseta Chiara , Castellana Fabio , Zupo Roberta , Lampignano Luisa , Sborgia Giancarlo , Capozzo Rosa , Bortone Ilaria , Stallone Roberta , Fiorella Maria Luisa , Passantino Andrea , Giannelli Gianluigi , Seripa Davide , Panza Francesco , Logroscino Giancarlo , Quaranta Nicola 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveWe explored the associations of age‐related central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in an older population‐based cohort in Apulia, Southern Italy (GreatAGE Study).Study DesignCross‐sectional data from a population‐based study.SettingCastellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.Subjects and MethodsBetween 2013 and 2018, MCI, dementia, age‐related CAPD (no disabling hearing loss and <50% score on the SSI‐ICM test [Synthetic Sentence Identification–Ipsilateral Competing Message]), neurologic and neuropsychological examinations, and serum metabolic biomarkers assays were investigated on 1647 healthy volunteers aged >65 years.ResultsThe prevalences of age‐related CAPD, MCI, and dementia were 14.15%, 15.79%, and 3.58%, respectively. Among the subjects with MCI and dementia, 19.61% and 42.37% had age‐related CAPD. In the regressive models, age‐related CAPD was associated with MCI (odds ratio, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.01‐2.21) and dementia (odds ratio, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.12‐4.42). Global cognition scores were positively associated with increasing SSI‐ICM scores in linear models. All models were adjusted for demographics and metabolic serum biomarkers.ConclusionThe tight association of age‐related CAPD with MCI and dementia suggests the involvement of central auditory pathways in neurodegeneration, but it is not clear which is the real direction of this association. However, CAPD is a possible diagnostic marker of cognitive dysfunction in older patients.