bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of polypropylene plastic waste usage and high-density polyethylene in concrete
Authors: Jonbi Jonbi , Meutia Wita , Tjahjani Antonia Rosalia Indra , Firdaus Angga , Romdon Sahri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using plastic waste as a construction material was one of the techniques used to overcome the inconsistencies associated with environmental pollution created by indiscriminate dumping of plastic waste. It was refined into aggregates that were utilized as a fractional replacement for coarse aggregates in concrete mixtures. The sole objective of this research work is to analyze the use of plastic waste in concrete. Two types of aggregates extracted from plastic waste namely: Polypropylene (PP) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) were used in carrying out this study. The percentages of PP used were 5%, 10%, 15%, while 15%, 20%, 25% were used for HDPE. Similarly, the slump value, compressive strength, and tensile strength were tested for 28 days and at a concrete age of 3.7. The results obtained proved that a percentage increase in plastic aggregate would invariably reduce the value of slump, compressive strength, and tensile strength. The optimum percentage of PP and HDPE used were 10% and 15% respectively. This research contributed to providing an alternative to overcoming plastic waste.
Safety Factors in Public Buildings against Earthquake Risk in the City of Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Yulcherlina  , Abd Majid Muhd Zaimi , Zin Mohd Rosli M , Edrizal  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Earthquake resistant structures for public buildings should be designed and built whereby they are supposed to withstand earthquake with minimum damage and without catastrophe collapse. As no structure can be entirely immune to damage due to earthquake, the goal of earthquake resilient building is to ensure that the risk of collapse can be minimized or reduced. Therefore, there is a need to identify all factors that could contribute to the risk of failures due to earthquake especially on public buildings. Based on code of practice, earthquake building resistant structures are intended to withstand the largest possible earthquake which is likely to occur in a particular area where in this paper discussed the study of earthquake in Padang, Indonesia. This paper presents on safety factors that need to be considered in the analysis and design of public building for the city of Padang, Indonesia due to earthquake. Recently, there are several design approaches in earthquake engineering studies such as experimental results, computer simulations and observations from past earthquakes to understand the performance of the damaged building. However, the data from past earthquake that occurred in Padang, Indonesia is to be analyzed so that the safety factors on the risk of the public building can be well understood. Factors such as height of building, type of structures, material of construction, types of soil, and method of construction are considered in this study. The research findings on the city of Padang, Indonesia have concluded that all new buildings should be designed base on earthquake code of practice where the use of base isolator and stiff construction are to be introduced for public building structures.
Image-based non-destructive evaluation method for building condition assessment
Authors: Ng Hui Lin , Jaw Siow Wei , Hashim Mazlan , Shek Poi Ngian , Lim Kar Seong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Building condition assessment (BCA) is one of the important approaches in total asset management during the asset life cycle. BCA is to monitor the functional status of the asset during the asset use and maintenance phase in the asset life cycle. With regards to this, various non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are adopted for building structure physical condition assessment from time to time to prevent any catastrophic incident to occur. Two case studies on inspection of internal structure condition of concrete wall and slab using image-based NDE were presented in this study. A well-known NDE technology, namely ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to scan the concrete wall and slab to identify the internal structure condition of the concrete wall and slab. The GPR radargram obtained by the shorter wavelength radar signal is evaluated to resolve the internal structure and the defect in detail. Results of this study prove that GPR can detect the internal structure of the concrete wall and locate the moisture in the concrete slab due to poor waterproof design. With such convincing results, the application of GPR has set a new benchmark in BCA for building physical condition assessment; a crucial aspect for better building maintenance and management in total asset management.
Effects of bleeding on corrosion of horizontal steel bars in reinforced concrete column specimen
Authors: Sandra Nevy , Kawaai Keiyu , Ujike Isao , Nakai Ippei , Nsama Willick 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The durability of reinforced concrete proved to be predominantly controlled by the resistance against ingress of harmful substances including chloride ions, carbon dioxide, and moisture. The corrosion of steel bars taking place especially in a marine environment was likely to be severe, which depends on the availability of oxygen and moisture consumed by cathodic reactions. This study aims to investigate the effects of bleeding on the corrosion of horizontal steel bars placed in reinforced concrete column specimens. This was examined through electro-chemical tests including the half-cell potential, polarization resistance, and corrosion current density carried out using specimens in which corrosion was induced via dry and wet (NaCl 10%) cycles. The presence or absence of copper slag fine aggregate and fly ash replacement were taken up as experimental factors. The results suggested that the corrosion of horizontal steel bars in the upper part of the column concrete specimen was adversely affected even for the case of OPC specimens with relatively lower bleeding water. This was attributed to less resistance against the ingress of corrosive substances especially in those locations. In the case of fly ash mixtures, the corrosion resistance was significantly improved owing to lower oxygen permeability measured via cathodic polarization technique.
Components of Cost Overrun in China Construction Projects
Authors: Mansur Shaiful Amri , Zin Rosli Mohamad , Linbo Liu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper concerns an investigation into the causes of cost overrun in the construction industry of China. Cost overrun is common in all the countries of the world. For example, China has been experiencing severe cost overrun problem in the construction industry. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the major factors giving impact on cost components including labour, material, equipment and subcontractor. General factors that caused cost overrun in construction projects were obtained from literature review. The first questionnaire was designed to identify severity of factors for each cost component. The second questionnaire was designed to obtain the average proportions of cost components and cost of each top-ten factors for each cost component. The survey findings indicated that low productivity of labour, escalation of material prices, high cost of machineries and cash flow, and poor financial management are possible causes related to cost overrun in construction project of China as compared to other factors.
Assessment of Bridges for Tsunami Evacuation Route Plan in Padang: Survey of Existing Condition and Identification of Problems
Authors: Rita Eva , Permata Robby 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Padang, as one of the tsunami prone city in the world, had already prepared itself for the upcoming event. Local government already issued tsunami evacuation plan, and assigned several buildings as temporary evacuation facilities or shelters. One important thing in this mitigation plan is the performance of the infrastructures as roads and bridges. Bridges are essential since any damages or failures leads to disruption or even widespread jam of traffic after the big earthquake. Draft of new seismic code for bridges in Indonesia suggests that bridges for evacuation plan must be designed with very limited damage or near elastic design. This study attempts to identify bridges that are included in tsunami evacuation plan route and summarizes the existing condition. The collected data and information are important and could be used as basic for future studies such as retrofit plan.
Wind Tunnel Testing for Vibration Analysis of High Rise Building Due to Wind load
Authors: Andika Matza Gusto , Fariduzzaman  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Wind load can induce vibration on high rise building which can cause discomfort to occupants and fatigue in structural members and connections caused by fluctuating wind loads. Vibration on high rise building due to wind load can cause by vortex shedding around the building. Wind tunnel testing is a way to asses vibration on high rise building because of wind load. With doing wind tunnel testing we can analyze vibration cause by vortex shedding which call vortex induced vibration. In this research vortex induced vibration occur at wind speed 8.4 m/s in wind tunnel which excited high rise building dynamic model with 4.1 Hz first natural frequency. The other phenomenon which can be analyze in this research is lock-in phenomenon, lock-in phenomenon is start at 7.8 m/s wind tunnel speed which induce model natural frequency structure at 4.1 Hz, when the wind speed is up to 8.4 m/s the frequency still at 4.1 Hz but the vibration amplitude is rising, and when the wind speed is up to 8.9 m/s the vibration amplitude is decline at the same frequency at 4.1 Hz, when the speed is more than 8.9 m/s the frequency is more than 4.1 Hz and the amplitude decline until the next model natural frequency excited by vortex shedding frequency.
Sentiment analysis and relationship between social media and stock market: pantip.com and SET
Authors: Padhanarath P , Aunhathaweesup Y , Kiattisin S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research constructs a process flow of social media sentiment analysis and explains relationship between comments on social media and stock. One of the popular social media for Stock Exchange of Thailand investors is Pantip.com, a website providing service as a webboard with tagging feature. In this research, all posts tagged by ‘Stock’ on this website were crawled to files. Then comments were scraped and cleaned. For model training, some comments were labelled into three classes; positive, negative and neutral. Sentiment analysis model was constructed by Naive Bayes Classification technique. In evaluation, the model shown that it performed 74% accuracy. This model was utilised to classify comments into sentiments. When all comments were completely classed, sentiment types were counted by date. Finally, correlation matrices were constructed to find relationship between number of sentiments and stock. The research found that number of sentiments from social media relate to ADVANC and CPALL stock volumes. Moreover, the correlation always reaches to the peak on trading day then it gradually declines with the magnitude depending on the day length after trading day.
Kerosene Like Fuel Characteristics from Municipal Solid Plastics Waste Pyrolytic Oil for Domestic Purposes
Authors: Suhartono  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aims of the research are to characterized pyrolytic oil as fuel and utilize it for heating purpose. The pyrolytic oil was characterized to decide whether this oil can be used as fuel for the desired application or not. The highest pyrolytic fuel yield of about 67.48% w/w was obtained from converting of 3000 g of plastic waste at pyrolysis time, topt. of 240 minutes and a pyrolysis temperature of 360 °C in a small pilot-scale batch reactor. The characteristic of pyrolytic fuel had an average value of density and viscosity were 771 kg/m3, 1.031 cSt, respectively. The combustion quality as other characteristics of the fuel was obtained as heating value, flash point and auto-ignition point of 37.996 MJ/kg, 48 °C and 240 °C, respectively. The similar functional groups of pyrolytic oil and commercial kerosene fuel were found in Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum. This pyrolytic oil provided a higher flame temperature of 1300 °C and a higher thermal efficiency of 33% upon utilized as fuel using a modified pressurized cook stove. These pyrolytic oil’s parameters are close to the standard values of the kerosene fuel.
Air Temperature and Humidity Outdoor Analysis of Buildings in Panakukang Makassar
Authors: Mustamin Tayeb , Rahim Ramli , Baharuddin  , Mulyadi Rosady 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to analyse data and humidity outside. Data retrieval is taken from the HOBO MX2300 tool data recorder for external temperature and humidity. Then the data processing was analysed and analysed using a Microsoft Excel program in the form of graphs / fluctuating images that showed the average value, standard deviation, maximum value, and minimum value. Only from 6:00 to 8:30. On the 15th to the 17th of June the thermal comfort zone only occurs in the morning under 09.00. The highest maximum air temperature occurs on June 15 at 13.01-13.30. The lowest minimum value is on June 15 at 06.00-06.30. The results of the analysis then show the level of suitability of the data with the thermal comfort zone based on SNI (SNI) every day.
Characterization of porous hydroxyapatite-alumina composite scaffold produced via powder compaction method
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Arifin Amir , Yani Irsyadi , Indrajaya Muhammad 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recently research on hydroxyapatite bioceramic material has been carried out rapidly to support the needs in the medical field. The study aims to develop porous bioceramic from hydroxyapatite Al2O3 composites. Porous hydroxyapatite Al2O3 composites were prepared with variation of the weight fraction of Al2O3 reinforcement and green bean starch space holder used as porous maker. The manufacturing process begins by mixing hydroxyapatite powder (200 μm), Al2O3 powder (55 μm) and green bean powder (200 μm) using a Ballmill with a rotating speed of 225 rpm for 1 hour. The mixture is then put into a mold and compressed in a unidirectional compression device at a pressure of 2000 psi. Green body specimens are then sintered at a temperature of 1200°C and holding time for 3 hours. The apparent density test was carried out using the Archimedes’ method and the highest density was 1.95 g / cm3 with 41.915% porosity in the specimen with 25% Al2O3 weight fraction. The results of the compressive test showed that specimens with a weight fraction of 25% Al2O3 had the highest compressive strength of 1.01 MPa with a porosity of 41.915%. The morphology observation using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed interconnecting porous had been formed.
Fatigue Endurance of Aluminium Casting 7xxx Series as Alternative Material for Organic Rankine Cycle’s Turbine Blade at 180 °C Operation Temperature
Authors: Eka Utami Nurhabibah Paramitha , Ellyanie  , Astuti  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Organic rankine cycle (ORC) Turbines are very promising for converting heat in low temperatures from 100 to 220 ° C into electrical energy. The use of Fe-25Al-xTi and TiAl alloys as ORC turbine blades encourages the need for development in utilizing lighter but stronger alternative materials. This study analyzed and observed the fatigue resistance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys as an alternative material by performing chemical composition analysis, hardness test, microstructure test, tensile test, fatigue test, and fractography observation. The results show that there is reduction in mechanical properties and fatigue resistance in artificial aged specimens. This is due to the deployment of precipitate which is a decomposed phase causing a decrease in mechanical properties and fatigue resistance in heat treated specimens.
Modernization of facility layout design in earthenware craft industry with green productivity approach
Authors: Oktarini Devie , Suryani F. , Madagaskar  , Rosyidah M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEntering the Industrial Revolution 4.0 as of now there are still many earthenware craft industries that are traditional, both in terms of equipment and materials, procedures for making, and layout of facilities. Layout facility is one of many factors to determining factors of level of productivity workers. If arranged more modern, then the work operation becomes more effective and efficient so that the productivity of the industry will increase. The purpose of this research is redesign the layout of the earthenware craft industry facilities which are modern and having good work environment, improve the work quality of the workers, and increase the profitability of the earthenware craft industry itself. The stage of this research starts from determining the alternative layout of the best facilities, analyzing the layout of the facility using the 5S Method, and analyzing the productivity of the facility layout with the concept of Green Productivity. The results achieved from this research are the best facility layout found in alternative 1, where percentage reduction in path length reached 40% of initial layout. 5S analysis results have a positive impact for time of production process earthenware by reduction in processing time is 42,75% and the electricity savings reduce electricity costs 55,02%. Rate of productivity in this earthenware craft industry has increased by 2.31%.
Revisiting Causative Factors of Project Cost Overrun in Building Construction Projects in Nigeria
Authors: Akinradewo O , Aigbavboa C , Akinradewo O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The growing need for construction of all types coupled with a tight monetary supply has provided the construction industry with a big challenge to cut cost. The total cost of construction in normal circumstances is expected to be the sum of materials, labour, site overheads, eEquipment/plant, head office cost and profit but in many parts of the world particularly in Nigeria, there are other costs to be allowed for. To the end user, the added costs are passed on as higher rental/lease costs or prices. The aim of this study is to appraise the causative factors of cost overrun on building construction project in the Nigerian construction industry. This study was carried out using quantitative research method. This involved the collection of data relating to the research study through questionnaires prepared using literature search and carried out among professionals in the construction industry such as Architects, Builders, Engineers, Project Managers and Quantity Surveyors. Random sampling technique was employed in selecting the 156 respondents for the research study within the South Western region of Nigeria. Data retrieved were analysed using Percentile, Mean item Score and Kruskal-Wallis H-test. Findings revealed that additional cost (e.g. variations), poor financial control on site, contract management, previous experience of contractor, wrong estimation method are the major factors leading to cost overrun on building construction projects. The study concluded that construction projects experience cost overrun as a result of negligence in one way or the other by all the stakeholders involved in the construction process from inception to final completion.
Whither the courtyards? Understanding disappearance and transformation of courtyards in residential buildings in Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Adegun O B , Adedeji J M , Adedeji Y M D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Courtyards are historically a notable part of residential buildings in South-west Nigeria and other parts of tropical Africa. They perform a range of functions – from the climatic to the socio-cultural. Presently, new residential buildings are excluding courtyards while existing courtyards within residential buildings are being altered. This paper presents a study that investigates the reasons for these in the context of Akure, a medium-sized city in South-west, Nigeria. We conducted twelve semi-structured interviews with three groups of purposively selected participants. These are: those who own and live in houses with courtyards (whether transformed or not), those living in houses without courtyards and built environment professionals (architects and planners). Factors influencing the disappearance/transformation of courtyards include increasing demand for compact and cheaper buildings, changing household lifestyle, climatic/ecological problems, insecurity. This paper proposes means through which the value of courtyards in residential buildings might not be completely lost.
Mapping out research focus for emotional intelligence in human resource management in the construction industry
Authors: Ngwenya L , Aigbavboa C , Thwala W 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmotional intelligence (EI) plays a significant role in the delivery of better performance by individuals and organisations. Evidence of its influence can be seen in different human resource management (HRM) activities. However, despite this significant relationship between EI and HRM practices, less emphasis has been placed on this within the construction industry. The few available studies on EI within the industry has placed focused on general issues. This study, therefore, through a review of previous studies mapped out the key area of focus in terms of EI on organisations HRM. Published journal articles and conference proceedings were sourced from ISI Web of Science database. The search of literature was done using keywords such as “Emotional intelligence” AND “human resource management”, with no restriction placed on the publication year or domain of the research. Only articles published in English language were extracted. A total of 70 articles were extracted and analysis were done based on the year of publication, country, and co-occurrence of keywords. The findings of the study revealed that 2017 experienced that highest amount of publications in this area, most of which emanated from the United States. The findings revealed the key area of focus in terms of EI on organisations HRM. Based on the findings, conclusions were drawn, and recommendations made thereof.
Roles and effects of utilizing recent technologies on material management for construction work in South Africa
Authors: Oke A E , Odubiyi T B , Aigbavboa C O , Thwala W D , Nelwamondo Z T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The role of technology in every facet of the economy cannot be handled with levity. The construction industry like other germane sectors of the economy thrives best with the adoption of technology in various parts of its subsets. It has been established that Material management can be handled effectively with the use of modern technologies. It is based on this that this research focuses on identifying the roles and effects of adopting modern technological tools for effective material management in the South African construction industry. The study adopted a quantitative approach where questionnaires were administered to professionals in the South African construction industry. Descriptive statistics tools were used to analyse the gathered data. Findings showed that the prevalent roles of adopting technological tools for effective material management in South African construction industry are majorly continuously Progress monitoring; Monitoring mechanisms with regard to stated outcomes are clearly explained from the beginning, and scope and use of materials are explained to all role players. On the other hand, the effects of technological tools are seen mainly as profit maximization; constant monitoring of materials on site and, Aids in planning and clarification of materials before projects begin. The implication of the roles and effects is that there is an opportunity of great productivity in construction industry with the use of technology as it makes things easier while improving principles of management.