bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Experiences Combined under One Hood: Lessons Learned from Peninsular Malaysia Well Abandonment Campaign
Authors: Zulkipli Siti Najmi , Saw Li Juan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Operators, regulators, industry experts and service providers had lately landed onto a common ground on the needs for a strategic late field life management focusing on well abandonment planning and execution. With increased number of depleted well strings after exhaustive attempts to unlock the remaining well potential, this topic is gaining a spotlight day by day which triggers the industry to spare their attention to find the best solutions in getting the most out of the campaign. This paper will highlight the practical experiences and capture the lessons learned obtained while executing well abandonment campaign in Peninsular Malaysia waters demonstrating a quick learning curve and agile workflow in achieving a safe and world class project execution. Some best practices will be also proposed to strengthen the technical assurance, project governance as well as enhancing the safety features.
Lessons learned gained are categorized under seven lenses namely cap rock identification and subsurface study, governance model, well and equipment preparation, perforation and cementing operation, cement bond logging and casing integrity evaluation, HSE related matters and also special topics where few examples and case studies will be presented for each. New insights, interpretation and efforts to improve the operational efficiency have led to the birth of new technology deployment, increased industrial networking for knowledge sharing and also integrated project management for cost optimization. As each abandonment campaign is unique in terms of threats and challenges, different approaches will be required to abandon the wells safely which steer the operators to be high on the learning curve and subsequently promote greater industrial collaboration.
In essence, the lessons learned and insights gained throughout abandonment campaigns will keep accumulating with time to feed into the knowledge and experience vault. With proper project documentation, many success cases and best practices can be emulated both from technical and commercial point of view.
Successful Application of an Engineered Fluid Cement Setting Base for Rigless Abandonment
Authors: Webber Claire , Mackay Alan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
While abandoning a well from a light well intervention vessel (LWIV), and with no ability to run a mechanical cement-setting tool, a fluid barrier spacer was needed to provide a base for the cement. This barrier required a sufficient rheology to hold a 16.0 lb/gal cement slurry and to limit commingling of the cement and the fluid base, which could prevent the cement from setting and risk an inadequate cement barrier length required for abandonment regulations.
Two approaches were investigated: a thixotropic water-based barrier spacer and a high viscosity spacer. Laboratory testing indicated that only the thixotropic barrier spacer maintained good separation between the 13.3 lb/gal calcium chloride/calcium bromide brine (the current annular fluid) and the cement. This testing was repeated with 8.7 lb/gal seawater, and the thixotropic barrier again showed excellent separation. Neither spacer could be weighted with barite because of limited deck space; both pills were built at 8.7 ppg.
The thixotropic water-based spacer was selected for this application. The annulus was circulated to seawater, and the spacer was mixed in a cement batch tank on the vessel. This tank was then used for the cementing operations; there was no requirement to clean the tanks between mixing the cement setting spacer and the cement spacer used to cement the plug. After the pill was mixed, the tubing was punched at 4,100 ft, and a 500 ft thixotropic water-based pill was set in the annulus and outside of the punched tubing. The tubing was punched at 3,600 ft. A cement job was performed with 16 ppg cement; after the wait-on-cement time elapsed to verify the barrier, the top of cement was tagged at 2,669 ft and successfully pressure tested.
The regulatory required length of the cement barrier was successfully set with the thixotropic spacer fluid as a setting base.
The thixotropic spacer successfully demonstrated sustained separation and a viable fluid base for setting cement. The result is a reliable method to set cement. This method does not require the mobilization of mechanical cement setting tools; the use of the fluid as the cement base enabled the use of a LWIV and negated the expensive need of mobilizing rig barriers to be set in place.
Frequency of non-single canals in mandibular premolars and correlations with other anatomical variants: an in vivo cone beam computed tomography study
Authors: Jang Young-Eun , Kim Yemi , Kim Bom Sahn , Kim Sin-Young , Kim Hyung-Jong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: A knowledge regarding anatomical variants is important to achieve success in endodontic treatment. Root canal treatment of mandibular first premolars (PM1s) is challenging due to the existence of numerous variations in canal configurations, including a C-shaped variant. We aim to determine the frequency and morphologic characteristics of non-single canals of mandibular first (PM1s) and second (PM2s) premolars in a Korean population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate correlations between non-single canals of PM1s and other anatomical variants, such as distolingual roots (DLRs) in mandibular first molars (M1s) and C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars (M2s).
Methods: A total of 971 PM1s and 997 PM2s from 500 patients were examined in vivo by CBCT. Root canal configurations and C-shaped canals were determined in accordance with the Vertucci classification and Fan classification, respectively. The correlation between non-single canals in PM1s and DLRs in M1s was evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
Results: PM2s typically had one root (99.89%) with one canal (98.4%). Among PM1s with non-single canals (21.2%), Vertucci type V (10.9%) and C-shaped (3.7%) canals were prevalent. Among C-shaped PM1 canals, the majority were Vertucci type V (77.8%); a C-shaped configuration (C2) was predominant mostly at the middle and/or apical third of the root. After adjusting for other variables (i.e., sex, age, and side), C-shaped canals in PM1s was significantly correlated with the presence of DLRs in M1s (odds ratio = 2.616; 95% confidence interval, 1.257–5.443; p = 0.010).
Conclusions: The presence of C-shaped PM1 canals was positively related to the presence of DLRs in M1s. Although C-shaped canals in PM1s are difficult to distinguish, this finding could aid clinicians in predicting C-shaped canal configurations in PM1s of patients who exhibit DLRs in M1s.
School-based nutrition interventions for Indigenous children in Canada: A scoping review
Authors: Gillies Christina , Blanchet Rosanne , Gokiert Rebecca , Farmer Anna , Thorlakson Jessica , Hamonic Laura , Willows Noreen D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Indigenous children in Canada (First Nations, Inuit, and Métis) are disproportionately affected by nutrition-related chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Comprehensive school-based nutrition interventions offer a promising strategy for improving children’s access to healthy foods and sustaining positive eating behaviors. However, little is known about school-based nutrition interventions for Indigenous children. The objectives of this scoping review were to identify school-based nutrition interventions for Indigenous children in Canada and describe their components.
Methods
The scoping review consisted of searches in seven peer-reviewed databases and a general web search for grey literature. Eligibility criteria were applied by two reviewers, and data were extracted and charted by one reviewer using components of the comprehensive school health approach (social and physical environment, teaching and learning, policy, partnerships and services) and additional components with relevance to Indigenous interventions (cultural content, Indigenous control and ownership, funding source, evaluation). Numerical and descriptive summaries were used to present findings.
Results
Thirty-four unique interventions met the inclusion criteria. The majority (97%) of interventions targeted the social and physical environment, most often by offering food programs. Over half of interventions also incorporated teaching and learning (56%) and partnerships and services (59%), but fewer included a policy component (38%). Many interventions included a cultural component (56%) and most (62%) were owned and controlled by Indigenous communities (62%). Finally, over half of interventions disclosed their source(s) of funding (59%), but less than half (41%) included an evaluation component.
Conclusions
The review suggests that school-based interventions for Indigenous children can be more comprehensive by incorporating culturally relevant nutrition education and professional development opportunities for teachers, written school nutrition policies, and activities that actively engage families and community members. The continued focus on Indigenous control and ownership and incorporation of content specific to individual communities may enhance cultural relevancy and sustainability of interventions. Furthermore, there is a need to increase intervention evaluation and the sharing of resources related to funding. These recommendations may be used by communities, as well as by researchers and professionals working with communities, in developing comprehensive school-based nutrition interventions to improve the eating behaviors of Indigenous children.
Association of rs780094 polymorphism of glucokinase regulatory protein with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Mohammadi Saba , Farajnia Safar , Shadmand Masoud , Mohseni Fatemeh , Baghban Roghayyeh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective GCK rs780094 polymorphism is a single nucleotide polymorphism that has been associated with obesity, type II diabetes and dyslipidemia in some populations, conditions that highly related to NAFL etiology. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between NAFLD and rs780094 polymorphism in patients with NAFLD in Tabriz city, northwest of Iran. The rs780094 polymorphism was determined in 74 patients with NAFLD by PCR-RFLP technique. Demographic information was collected using a questionnaire and biochemical analysis was performed using standard laboratory methods.Results There was a significant difference between case and control subjects for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, HDL-C and triglycerides ( P <0.05). Analysis by PCR-RFLP method revealed that there were no significant differences between NAFLD and healthy subjects for rs780094 polymorphism in the study population. The results of this study indicated that rs780094 polymorphism is not associated with NAFLD in subjects from Tabriz city.
What Explains the Regional Variation in the Use of General Practitioners in Australia?
Authors: Mu Chunzhou , Hall Jane 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Regional variation in the use of health care services is widespread. Identifying and understanding the sources of variation and how much variation is unwarranted can inform policy interventions to improve the efficiency and equity of health care delivery. Methods: We examined the regional variation in the use of general practitioners (GPs) using data from the Social Health Atlas of Australia by Statistical Local Area (SLAs). 756 SLAs were included in the analysis. The outcome variable of GP visits per capita by SLAs was regressed on a series of demand-side factors measuring population health status and demographic characteristics and supply-side factors measuring access to physicians. Each group of variables was entered into the model sequentially to assess their explanatory share on regional differences in GP usage. Results: Both demand-side and supply-side factors were found to influence the frequency of GP visits. Specifically, areas in urban regions, areas with a higher percentage of the population who are obese, who have profound or severe disability, and who hold concession cards, and areas with a smaller percentage of the population who reported difficulty in accessing services have higher GP usage. The availability of more GPs led to higher use of GP services while the supply of more specialists reduced use. 30.56% of the variation was explained by medical need. Together, both need-related and supply-side variables accounted for 32.24% of the regional differences as measured by the standard deviation of adjusted GP-consultation rate. Conclusions: There was substantial variation in GP use across Australian regions with only a small proportion of them being explained by population health needs, indicating a high level of unwarranted clinical variation. Supply factors did not add a lot to the explanatory power. There was a lot of variation that was not attributable to the factors we could observe. This could be due to more subtle aspects of population need or preferences and therefore warranted. However, it could be due to practice patterns or other aspects of supply and be unwarranted. Future work should try to explain the remaining unexplained variation. Keywords : GP usage, Regional variation, Statistical Local Areas, Australia
Maternal healthcare services use in Mwanza Region, Tanzania: A cross-sectional baseline survey
Authors: Orwa James , Mantel Michaela , Mugerwa Micheal , Brownie Sharon , Pallangyo Eunice Siaity , Mwasha Loveluck , Isangula Kahabi , Subi Leonard , Mrema Secilia , Edwards Grace , Siso David , Selestine Edna , Mwansisya Tumbwene , Mbekenga Columba , Temmerman Marleen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Improving maternal health by reducing maternal morbidity and mortality relates to Goal 3 of the Sustainable Development Goals. Achieving this goal is supported by antenatal care (ANC), health facility delivery, and postpartum care. This study aimed to understand levels of use and correlates of uptake of maternal healthcare services among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Mwanza Region, Tanzania.Methods A cross-sectional multi-stage sampling household survey was conducted to obtain data from 1476 households in six districts of Mwanza Region. Data for the 409 women who delivered in the 2 years before the survey were analyzed for three outcomes: four or more ANC visits (ANC4+), health facility delivery, and postpartum visits. Factors associated with the three outcomes were determined using generalized estimating equations to account for clustering at the district level while adjusting for all variables.Results Of the 409 eligible women, 58.2% attended ANC4+, 76.8% delivered in a health facility, and 43.5% attended a postpartum clinic. Women from peri-urban, island, and rural regions were less likely to have completed ANC4+ or health facility delivery compared with urban women. Education and early first antenatal visit were associated with ANC4+ and health facility delivery. Mothers from peri-urban areas and those who with health facility delivery were more likely to attend postpartum check-ups.Conclusion Use of ANC services in early pregnancy influences the number of ANC visits, leading to higher uptake of ANC4+ and health facility delivery. Postpartum check-ups for mothers and newborns are associated with health facility delivery. Encouraging early initiation of ANC visits may increase the uptake of maternal healthcare services.
Determinants of utilization of maternal health care services among mothers in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyarambi Eunice , Mundagowa Paddington Tinashe , Chonzi Prosper , Chadambuka Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Provision of quality maternal health care services is an essential component in ensuring a healthy mother-baby dyad both pre- and post-delivery. In Africa, antenatal care, postnatal care, and skilled birth attendances are very low when compared to high-income countries. The continent has a high burden of maternal and infant morbidity as well as mortality rates. According to the Harare Annual Report of 2016, the number of women seeking maternal health care services was gradually declining from 2014 and pregnant women reported various challenges in accessing health care services.
Methods: A 1 to 1 case-control study was conducted in Harare West South Western District using pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires. The study was carried out at all three clinics in the district and a total of 73 cases and 73 controls were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Quantitative data were analyzed using Epi Info statistical package and qualitative data was analyzed thematically.
Results: The median ages for cases and controls were 29 and 24 years, respectively and the age-group 19 to 24 years constituted the majority of participants (41%). Predictors of utilization of services were young age ( < 24 years), birth order of < 2, maternal and paternal occupation, and religion. Enabling factors included: asking for permission to seek care, absence of transport challenges, a shorter distance to the health facility, affordability of health services, and a higher household income. Besides the shortage of skilled staff at the clinics, mothers endured long waiting hours to be served. The majority of the cases (78.1 %) and controls (72.6%) preferred to be attended by male nurses. Mothers were required to pay a $25 fee for booking and city medical staff rarely visited the clinics.
Conclusion: The utilization of maternal health care services in Harare is dependent on the individual, household, and system-related factors. There was a need to articulate policies and design maternal health care programs that target socially and economically marginalized women. Creating women-friendly health facilities with extended hours for the antenatal care, delivery care and post-natal care services for mothers can help to decongest the health facilities.
Prevalence of dental caries and oral health related quality of life among preschool children aged 4-6 years in Kisarawe, Tanzania.
Authors: Masumo Ray Mrisho , Ndekero Tumaini S. , Carneiro Lorna C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background Preschool years are a critical period in the development of a healthy child. The consequences of poor oral health in preschool children reach beyond dental problems, with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) being associated with overall systematic health as well as one’s quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore the level to which dental caries impacts the OHRQoL in a sample of preschooler children in Kisarawe.Methods A cross-sectional based study was conducted in 2017. A total of 1,106 preschool children completed a face-to-face interview, using a translated Kiswahili version of the Michigan Oral Health-related Quality of Life Scale–Child Version (2003), and underwent clinical oral examination using WHO (1997) criteria.Results The decayed component was the most prevalent (dft = 2.08) and the Significant Caries Index (SiC) was 5.54 double of the (dft), showing polarization of dental caries in the studied population. After adjusting for appropriate covariates, preschool children of age 5 and 6 years old were more likely to have decayed tooth [Adjusted OR = 3.02, (95% CI =2.01-4.54)] and [Adjusted OR=2.23, (95% CI= 1.55-3.20)] respectively. Preschool children without visible plaque on the buccal surface of upper anterior teeth were less likely to have decayed teeth [Adjusted OR=0.21, (95% CI=0.09-0.45)]. Regarding measurements of oral health-related quality of life using the MOHRQoL, only preschool children who reported on ‘does your teeth hurt you now?’ and ‘do kids make fun of your teeth?’ were more likely to have a decayed tooth [Adjusted OR=1.74, (95% CI=1.12-2.71)] and [Adjusted OR=1.87, (95% CI=1.11-3.15)], respectful.Conclusion The findings suggest that dental caries, affecting a significant portion of preschoolers, was associated with both poor oral hygiene and the age of the child. The MOHRQoL appear to be able to discriminate between groups, and preschool children of 4-6 years of age are reliable informants to answer the MOHRQoL in this group of Tanzanian children.
Polymorphic markers for identification of parasite population in Plasmodium malariae
Authors: Mathema Vivek Bhakta , Nakeesathit Supatchara , Pagornrat Watcharee , Smithuis Frank , White Nicholas J , Dondorp Arjen , Imwong Mallika 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Molecular genotyping in Plasmodium serves many aims including providing tools for studying parasite population genetics and distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection. Microsatellite typing, insertion-deletion (INDEL) and single nucleotide polymorphisms is used for genotyping, but only limited information is available for P. malariae, an important human malaria species. This study aimed to provide a set of genetic markers to facilitate the study of P. malariae population genetics. Methods Markers for microsatellite genotyping and merozoite surface protein 1 (pmmsp1) gene polymorphisms were developed and validated in symptomatic P. malariae field isolates from Myanmar (N=37). Fragment analysis was used to determine allele sizes at each locus to calculate multiplicity of infections (MOI), linkage disequilibrium, genetic richness index, heterozygosity and construct dendrograms. Nucleotide diversity (π), number of haplotypes, and genetic diversity (Hd) were assessed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Genome-wide microsatellite maps with annotated regions of newly identified markers were constructed.Results Six microsatellite markers were developed and tested in 37 P. malariae isolates which showed sufficient heterozygosity (0.530-0.922), genetic richness index (0.050-0.250) and absence of linkage disequilibrium (IAS = 0.03, p-value > 0.05) (N=37). In addition, a tandem repeat (VNTR)-based pmmsp1 INDEL polymorphisms marker was developed and assessed in 27 P. malariae isolates showing a nucleotide diversity of 0.092, haplotype gene diversity of 0.698 and identified 14 unique variants. The size of VNTR consensus repeat unit adopted as allele was 27 base pairs. The markers Pm12_426 and pmmsp1 showed greatest diversity with heterozygosity scores of 0.920 and 0.835, respectively. Using six microsatellites markers, the likelihood that any two parasite strains would have the same microsatellite genotypes was 8.46 × 10-4 and was further reduced to 1.66 × 10-4 when pmmsp1 polymorphisms were included.Conclusions Six novel microsatellites genotyping markers and a set of pmmsp1 VNTR-based INDEL polymorphisms markers for P. malariae were developed and validated. Each marker could be independently or in combination employed to access genotyping of the parasite. The newly developed markers may serve as a useful tool for investigating parasite diversity, population genetics, molecular epidemiology and for distinguishing recrudescence from reinfection in drug efficacy studies.