bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported Outcome Measures for Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wong Chloe R. , Karpinski Marta , Davidge Kristen M. , Klassen Anne , Dengler Jana 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The goal of managing patients with peripheral nerve injuries is to improve how a patient feels and functions. This goal is best assessed with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which elicit patient concerns, treatment goals, and clinical progression. This study reviews existing PROMs for adult patients with peripheral nerve injuries to assess how comprehensively they measure outcomes important to patients.

Methods:
A systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase (from inception to August 13, 2022) was conducted to identify PROMs developed for adult patients with peripheral nerve injuries. Studies were included if (1) the study population involved traumatic or acquired peripheral nerve injuries; (2) they were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, or single-arm observational studies; (3) participants were 18 years or older; and (4) PROMs were used to assess quality of life or patient satisfaction.

Results:
A total of 378 studies were included in this systematic review. We identified 141 unique PROMs used in the adult peripheral nerve injury literature: 20 are disease-specific (14%), 10 are function-specific (7%), 19 are mental health and well-being–specific (13%), 11 are quality of life–specific (8%), 32 are body region–specific (23%), 29 are symptom-specific (21%), 3 are satisfaction-specific (2%), 15 are generic (11%), and 2 are other (1%).

Conclusions:
There exists considerable heterogeneity of PROMs used in research on patients with peripheral nerve injuries. None of the PROMs comprehensively assess this patient population. The need for the development of a comprehensive PROM for this patient population is highlighted.
Overview of the etiology of childhood cancer and future directions
Authors: Hoang Thanh T. , Scheurer Michael E. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review
We provide an overview of the etiology of childhood cancer, the state of the literature, and highlight some opportunities for future research, including technological advancements that could be applied to etiologic studies of childhood cancer to accelerate our understanding.

Recent findings
Risk factors of childhood cancer were summarized based on demographics and perinatal factors, environmental risk factors, and genetic risk factors. Overall, demographics and perinatal factors are the most well studied in relation to childhood cancer. While environmental risk factors have been implicated, more work is needed to pinpoint specific exposures, identify window(s) of susceptibility, and understand mechanisms. With genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genetic risk factors of eight childhood cancers have emerged, and opportunities remain to conduct GWAS for other cancer types and determine whether risk variants are inherited or de novo. Technological advancements that can shed light into the susceptibility of childhood cancer include metabolomics, using primary teeth as an exposure matrix, and long-read sequencing.

Summary
The development of childhood cancer remains largely not well understood. Collaboration to increase sample size to conduct analyses by histology and/or molecular subtype and application of novel technologies will accelerate our understanding of childhood cancer.
The childhood cancer data initiative: enabling data sharing to drive research advances and transform pediatric cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Jagu Subhashini , Auvil Jaime M. Guidry , Reaman Gregory 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of review
With growing emphasis on data-driven research in pediatric oncology, particularly in the context of advances in molecular characterization and precision medicine, there is an urgent need for comprehensive data-sharing initiatives. This review explores how the Childhood Cancer Data Initiative (CCDI) addresses this critical need.

Recent findings
CCDI plays a key role in enhancing pediatric cancer research by improving data integration, sharing, and collaboration. Its Molecular Characterization Initiative advances the field by leveraging detailed molecular data to inform clinical trials and therapeutic strategies. For small patient populations, such as those with rhabdomyosarcoma, CCDI's efforts in integrating data across institutions are vital for advancing risk-based treatment strategies to achieve meaningful clinical outcomes.

Summary
CCDI's advancements in data sharing have profound implications for both clinical practice and research. By enabling precise diagnoses, tailoring treatments based on individual genetic profiles, and addressing the challenges associated with small patient populations, CCDI is driving transformative changes in pediatric oncology. Continued support and expansion of such initiatives are crucial to fully realizing their potential in improving outcomes for children with cancer.
A Rapid Review of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Context of Palliative Care
Authors: Miller Megan , Meyers Molly , Martin Annona , Napolitano Stephanie , Dorsen Caroline , Penn Andrew , Rosa William E. 
Published: December 2024

Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) involves supported experiences with psychedelic medicines in carefully curated environments. Early evidence suggests possible utility of PAT for addressing psychosocial-spiritual-existential concerns, yet gaps remain in understanding findings related to PAT's role in palliative care. This rapid review aims to synthesize current literature on applications of PAT in the context of palliative care. Through a systematic process, we identified 34 articles published between January 2021 and July 2024. Protocols varied yet included common components of participant screening, preparation, dosing, and integration. Psilocybin was the most commonly studied compound. Results support safety and initial efficacy of PAT for psycho-spiritual-existential outcomes among carefully screened and highly homogonous samples of patients with serious illness (predominantly cancer). Current efforts and challenges around integrating PAT into systems of palliative care were highlighted. Additional work is needed to (1) explore PAT's safety and efficacy within more diverse samples and contexts, (2) train palliative care providers on PAT, (3) determine systems of care delivery best suited for translation of PAT into practice, and (4) begin developing policy solutions to support safe and equitable access to PAT. Because many patients lack access to basic psychosocial-spiritual-existential care, careful consideration is needed around integration of PAT.
The psychedelic substances which are the topic of this article are not currently FDA approved for use in the United States.
Persistent and De Novo Stress Urinary Incontinence After Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy
Authors: Sinha Annika , Yao Meng , Ferrando Cecile A. 
Published: December 2024

(Abstracted from Urogynecology (Phila) 2024;30(9):742–752
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) can manifest in a variety of circumstances, but one of the most common is in individuals with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Repair procedures often consist of the placement of a sling concurrent with repair of the prolapse, and research has shown an 8% to 57% incidence of persistent SUI after midurethral sling (MUS) placement, with a 20% risk of persistent SUI reported after combined apical prolapse procedure and MUS.
Vestibulopathy in Patients Presenting With Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Authors: Vanstrum Erik B. , Smith Eric , Weng Maxwell , Kim Minjung , Kita Ashley 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) refers to a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus in the distribution of the facial nerve, but it can involve other cranial nerves as well. In patients with polyneuropathy, the vestibulocochlear nerve is most involved after the facial nerve. The clinical manifestations and long-term vestibular outcomes in these patients remain unclear. This report aims to characterize the clinical course of this rare subset of RHS patients.

Methods:
This study is a retrospective case series. The study was conducted in a tertiary care institution. Patients with RHS polyneuropathy presenting with vestibular deficit were reviewed over a 30-year period. Case details including initial presentation, House-Brackmann grade, treatment regimen, vestibular examination and testing, MRI findings, and follow-up time were extracted.

Results:
A total of 22 patients were identified. The mean age of diagnosis was 53 years and the average follow-up time was 23 months. Most patients demonstrated complete facial paralysis (88%) upon presentation. Nystagmus was rarely recorded during physical examination (18%, n = 4). For those patients who underwent MRI of the internal auditory canal (n = 17), 59% demonstrated enhancement of the facial nerve, with a notable absence of vestibulocochlear nerve abnormality. Of the patients who underwent vestibular testing, all demonstrated unilateral caloric weakness on videonystagmography (VNG; 66% ± 22%, n = 8).

Conclusions:
Patients with RHS polyneuropathy and vestibular complaints do not consistently demonstrate objective vestibular physical examination or imaging findings on presentation. However, VNG consistently demonstrates significant unilateral weakness on caloric stimulation. Most patients in our sample continued to have vestibular complaints at latest follow-up.
Top 10 research achievements of traditional Chinese medicine in 2023
Authors:   China Association of Chinese Medicine
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to fulfill the requirements of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance, Innovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, regularly summarize the research achievements of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), present the academic progress of TCM dynamically, and give full play to the leadership of academic groups in research, the China Association of Chinese Medicine organized the selection of the top 10 academic achievements of TCM in 2023. The selection work adhered to the “4 orientations”; eliminated the “4 only”; highlighted the solution of clinical problems and scientific questions, the development of the industry, and the exploratory, forward-looking, innovative, and breakthrough research; and focused on new laws, new discoveries, new methods, new products, and new theories in the basic research and applied basic research of TCM. After dynamic collection, preliminary examination, review, and final judgment, the top 10 academic achievements of TCM in 2023 were determined. First, breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction by Tongxinluo. Second, evidence has been gained regarding the efficacy of acupuncture in treating chronic spontaneous urticaria and vomiting in pregnancy. Third, evidence has been gained regarding the improvement of neurological function outcomes by Xuesaitong soft capsules in treating patients with ischemic stroke. Fourth, the mechanisms of Huashi Baidu Powder and Pien Tze Huang in clinical treatment have been revealed. Fifth, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of astragaloside and capsaicin have been revealed for the first time. Sixth, new technologies represented by spatial metabolomics assist in elucidating the material basis of the complex systems of TCM. Seventh, network medicine framework reveals the generic mechanism underlying the effectiveness of TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation. Eighth, a comprehensive platform for multidimensional nucleic acid data of TCM promotes data sharing in molecular pharmacognosy. Ninth, multiprocess transfer and information fusion provide solutions for digital manufacturing of big honeyed pills. Tenth, the scientific system of TCM regulatory science has been preliminarily built and applied.
Potential Role of EBI3 in Gastric Cancer and Its Inductive Effects on T Cell Exhaustion
Authors: Yan Yongjia , Shen Zexuan , Woo Yanghee , Wang Daohan , Liu Xin , Zhang Wenxin , Zhang Zhaoxiong , Wang Peiyao , Fu Weihua 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Immunotherapy has achieved effective antitumor activity in advanced GC patients. However, the rate of response to ICI therapy is disappointing, T cell exhaustion may contribute to this phenomenon. EBI3 is an emerging immunosuppressive factor, and the association between EBI3 and T cell exhaustion is not clear. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of EBI3 in GC, and reveal the function of EBI3 in T cell exhaustion.

Study design:
The gene expression data and clinical data of GC patients were downloaded from the TCGA database to measure the expression of EBI3 in GC and explore the association between EBI3 and clinicopathological features. Then tumor specimens were collected and IHC was used to demonstrate the expression of EBI3 in GC tissues. Finally, we constructed a mouse model of orthotopic GC to examine the function of EBI3 in T cell exhaustion.

Results:
The data from the TCGA database showed that EBI3 is highly expressed in GC and the expression of EBI3 is associated with pTNM stage. We analyzed the expression of EBI3 in GC tissues, the results showed expression of EBI3 is associated with age, T stage, N stage, pTNM stage, and degree of differentiation. After constructing the mouse model of orthotopic GC, we found EBI3 can lead to an increase in proportion of CD8+PD-1+T cells and CD8+LAG3+T cells, meanwhile, the secretion of IL-2 was significantly decreased.

Conclusion:
Our study indicated that EBI3 is an important cytokine in the development of GC, and EBI3 may promote the development of GC by inducing T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment.
Pulse-by-pulse transient thermal deformation in crystal optics under high-repetition-rate FEL
Authors: Zhang Lin , Hastings Jerome , Huang Zhirong , Tang Jingyi , Zhu Diling 
Published: December 2024

Time-domain modeling of the thermal deformation of crystal optics can help define acceptable operational ranges across the pulse-energy repetition-rate phase space. In this paper, we have studied the transient thermal deformation of a water-cooled diamond crystal for a cavity-based X-ray free-electron laser (CBXFEL), either an X-ray free-electron laser oscillator (XFELO) or a regenerative amplifier X-ray free-electron laser (RAFEL), by numerical simulations including finite-element analysis and advanced data processing. Pulse-by-pulse transient thermal deformation of a 50 µm-thick diamond crystal has been performed with X-ray pulse repetition rates between 50 kHz and 1 MHz. Results for temperature and thermal deformation have been compared with the results of transient analysis using a continuous wave (CW) power loading. Temperature and thermal deformation results from pulse-by-pulse transient analysis vary with time about the results for the CW case for the same average power. The variation amplitude increases with pulse energy and decreases with repetition rate. When the repetition rate increases to infinity, both temperature and thermal deformation converge to the results for the CW case. Two critical time scales for the operation of crystal optics in a CBXFEL are (1) first-turn time, i.e. the time for the XFEL pulse to complete the first turn around the cavity so that the crystal sees the recirculated XFEL pulse, and (2) period-end time, i.e. the time that the next electron bunch arrives for the amplification, so that the crystal outcouples the amplified FEL power. For the same average power, simulation results show that the crystal thermal deformation seen by the XFEL beam decreases with repetition rate at the first-turn time of a 300 m-long cavity and increases with repetition rate at the period-end time. For the wavefront preservation requirement of the crystal optics, a pulse-energy versus repetition-rate phase space has been established. The upper bounds of the pulse energy at both first-turn and period-end times decreases with repetition rate, especially at the period-end time. The upper bound of the thermal deformation of the crystal at the period-end time for any repetition frequency can be estimated from the CW case. For a water-cooled diamond crystal of dimension 5 mm × 5 mm × 0.05 mm, the time to reach a quasi steady-state is about 50 ms for temperature and 50 µs for thermal deformation
Sustainable branding and innovation in the craft beer sector
Authors: García-Chamizo Fernando , Ávila Rodríguez-de-Mier Belén , López-Agulló Pérez-Caballero José Manuel 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe study aims to analyse whether the selected craft beers carry out sustainable practices, not only in production but also in promotion and distribution, highlighting territoriality and shared pride with their audience.Design/methodology/approachThis article examines sustainable practices in craft beers through a qualitative analysis of 42 breweries in Spain. Territorial marketing and circular economy strategies are identified. The results show an increasing integration of sustainable practices and their impact on brand perception. This research contributes to the literature on sustainability in local industries and offers recommendations for small breweries seeking to differentiate themselves in competitive markets.FindingsKey results show the integration of territoriality and sustainability elements in their marketing. Diverse sustainable practices are observed such as the installation of solar panels and the use of gas-powered vehicles. As for the advertising, and public relations strategy, it is noted that all the beers studied use these tools to be present at fairs, festivals, and events in their territories.Originality/valueThis study investigates the integration of sustainable practices in the craft beer industry in Spain, analysing a sample of 42 breweries. Qualitative methods are used to identify sustainability practices and the promotion of territorial branding strategies. Results indicate a correlation between brand identity and sustainability, with implications for the expansion of the circular economy model. It is suggested that small artisanal producers adopt territorial branding models to strengthen their sustainability and competitiveness.
Narrowing the gender gap in youth entrepreneurship in Russia: the role of university education and environment
Authors: Uskova Anna , Iangiboeva Nilufar , Shirokova Galina , Bodolica Virginia 
Published: December 2024

PurposeAlthough entrepreneurship represents one of the main driving forces of socio-economic development of any nation, women continue to be underrepresented in this domain. The aim of this paper is to examine the role that relevant university education and environment play in narrowing the gender gap in youth entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the GUESSS 2021 dataset, the final sample includes 4,813 student-respondents from 21 higher education institutions located in Russia. Our hypotheses were tested using Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) regression analyses with the help of Stata 14.2 software.FindingsOur results indicate that in Russia there is a substantial imbalance between male and female students regarding their level of involvement in entrepreneurial activities. University entrepreneurship education reduces this gap by boosting young women’s engagement into entrepreneurship, while the effect of university environment is not significant.Originality/valueThis research draws on both the social roles’ theory and the university embeddedness perspective to provide a contextualized evidence on factors that may reduce the entrepreneurial gender gap of youth in an emerging market setting.
Impediments to progress toward discrimination-free workplaces: the overlooked causes of gender-based discrimination in the Pakistan and UK contexts
Authors: Cheema Sunbul Naeem , Baruch Yehuda 
Published: December 2024

PurposeGender-based discrimination (GBD) in the workplace is a worldwide phenomenon. Both developed and developing states face this issue at different levels and magnitudes, though in the latter, it is more prevalent. We explore the overlooked possible root causes of workplace GBD.Design/methodology/approachEmploying qualitative methods, data were collected via semi-structured interviews from 40 women employed in the service sector in Pakistan and the UK. Data underwent thematic analysis by applying the Gioia method.FindingsUsing ambivalent sexism theory to underpin our approach, we conclude that educational institutes, especially single-gender ones, could be among the primary reasons for GBD in Pakistani workplaces, but not those in the UK, where it is less prominent. We identify common factors that challenge this theory and point out current social, industrial and economic situations that link with such single-gender education.Practical implicationsThis study can help “institutionalize” (establish policy and practice as organizational culture) a discrimination-free workplace and assist relevant stakeholders by facilitating policymakers and government agencies to more deeply understand causality and take corrective and preventative action against GBD.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to the studies of gender discrimination and educational provision by elucidating previously overlooked possible roots of persistent GBD.
Unlocking the “SHERO” within: an exploration of how female entrepreneurs in the Caribbean use digital technologies for business transformation
Authors: Best Beverly , Lassalle Paul , Nicolopoulou Katerina 
Published: December 2024

PurposeWe aim to explore the role of digital technologies for enhanced sustainability, hope, empowerment, resilience and optimism (SHERO) among female entrepreneurs in the Caribbean and the importance of embeddedness and contextualisation as a premise for integrating gender as a socially constructed situational practice.Design/methodology/approachThe study presents qualitative data results of semi-structured interviews with 30 female digital entrepreneurs who own and operate their businesses in a range of sectors in three national contexts in the Caribbean. Narratives of the participants were used to develop the themes that emerged from the interviews.FindingsThe Caribbean context is an overarching factor that influences every facet of the lived experiences of female digital entrepreneurs. From the different contextual dimensions, we gained insights into the nuances and paradoxes of dominant assumptions related to how digital technologies influence the business transformation of female entrepreneurship as it relates to sustainability, hope, empowerment, resilience and optimism. Through a contextual gendered lens, these five business areas are found to be overlapping and mutually reinforcing features of the lived experiences of female digital entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe Caribbean region, comprising of small island developing states, epitomises a unique spatially fragmented entrepreneurial context described as islandness which also offers a “fresh” context within the Global South that captures the novelty and heterogeneity of female entrepreneurs in the digital space.