bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety evaluations of a large-scale facility under blast loading
Authors: Bai M. X. , Xu X. L. , Yang H. X. , Xiong M. , Zhu W. Q. , Liu Z. P. , Luo C. H. 
Published: June 2020

In this work, the safety performance and loading behavior of a large-scale facility were studied using experimental observations, numerical simulations and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the effects of concentration, pressure relief and volume on the shock wave loadings were investigated. In particular, based on the dimensional theoretical analysis, a model for the analysis of overpressure peak and impulse for such facilities was proposed. The results showed that if concentration was larger than 10.5 %, the peak overpressure and the maximum overpressure rate were decreased; if the ignition mode was chemical, the propagation speed of flame was increased. In addition, it was found that the overpressure was the largest if the concentration was 9.5 %, and with the increase of the distance from the ignition source, the overpressure peak decreased first and then increased. The present study and results can therefore provide the loading information to enhance the antiexplosion performance of such facilities, which is very promising for the future safety evaluations and fault diagnosis of buildings, and constructions in various fields, especially, for nuclear power stations.
Nitrous oxide emissions during microalgae-based wastewater treatment: current state of the art and implication for greenhouse gases budgeting
Authors: Plouviez Maxence , Guieysse Benoit 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Microalgae can synthesise the ozone depleting pollutant and greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Consequently, significant N2O emissions have been recorded during real wastewater treatment in high rate algal ponds (HRAPs). While data scarcity and variability prevent meaningful assessment, the magnitude reported (0.13–0.57% of the influent nitrogen load) is within the range reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for direct N2O emissions during centralised aerobic wastewater treatment (0.016–4.5% of the influent nitrogen load). Critically, the ability of microalgae to synthesise N2O challenges the IPCC's broad view that bacterial denitrification and nitrification are the only major cause of N2O emissions from wastewater plants and aquatic environments receiving nitrogen from wastewater effluents. Significant N2O emissions have indeed been repeatedly detected from eutrophic water bodies and wastewater discharge contributes to eutrophication via the release of nitrogen and phosphorus. Considering the complex interplays between nitrogen and phosphorus supply, microalgal growth, and microalgal N2O synthesis, further research must urgently seek to better quantify N2O emissions from microalgae-based wastewater systems and eutrophic ecosystems receiving wastewater. This future research will ultimately improve the prediction of N2O emissions from wastewater treatment in national inventories and may therefore affect the prioritisation of mitigation strategies.
Evolution of urban waste- and storm-water management in the region of Crete, Greece: A preliminary assessment
Authors: Angelakis A. N. , Koulouri P. , Dounas C. , Tchobanoglous G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The history of water supply and wastewater engineering in Crete Island (Greece) dates back more than ca 4,500 years, since the early Bronze Ages. In the Minoan era, it was recognized that the removal of wastewater and storm-water were necessary for communal living. The early Minoan developments in wastewater and storm-water collection and removal are the cornerstones on which modern cities are built. The evolution of wastewater and storm-water management from prehistoric to modern times in Crete is examined briefly in this paper. Information on the current status and future strategies for wastewater and storm-water management is also presented.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking of New N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamides of Condensed Pyrido[3',2':4,5] furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines
Authors: Sirakanyan Samuel N. , Kartsev Victor G. , Geronikaki Athina , Spinelli Domenico , Petrou Anthi , Hakobyan Elmira K. , Glamoclija Jasmina , Ivanov Manija , Sokovic Marina , Hovakimyan Anush A. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
From the literature it is known that many derivatives of fused thienopyrimidines
and furopyrimidines possess broad spectrum of biological activity.

Objectives:
The current studies describe the synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some
new N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamides of pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines.

Methods:
By cyclocondensation of ethyl 1-aminofuro(thieno)[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates 1with formamide
were converted to the pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7(8)-ones 2.Alkylation of
compound 2 with 2-chloro-N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylacetamide led to the aimed N-1,3-thiazol-2-ylaceta-mides of
pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines 3. Starting from compound 2 the relevant S-alkylated derivatives
of pyrido[3',2':4,5]furo(thieno)[3,2-d]pyrimidines 6 were also synthesized.

Results:
All the compounds showed antibacterial activity to non-resistant strains. Compounds 3a-3m
showed antibacterial activity with MIC/MBC at 0.08-2.31 mg/mL/0.11-3.75 mg/mL .The two most active
compounds, 3j and 6b, appeared to be more active towards MRSA than the reference drugs. Half of the
tested compounds appeared to be equipotent/more potent than ketoconazole and more potent than bifonazole.
The docking analysis provided useful information about the interactions occurring between the tested
compounds and the different enzymes.

Conclusion:
Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi showed different response towards
tested compounds, indicating that different substituents may lead to different modes of action or that the
metabolism of some bacteria/fungi was better able to overcome the effect of the compounds or adapt to it.
Application of Molecular Docking for the Development of Improved HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Authors: Soltani Arash , Hashemy Seyed Isaac , Avval Farnaz Zahedi , Rafatpanah Houshang , Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim , Griffith Renate , Mashkani Baratali 
Published: June 2020

Introoduction:
Inhibition of the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme of the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) by low molecular weight inhibitors is still an active area of research.
Here, protein-ligand interactions and possible binding modes of novel compounds with the HIV-1 RT
binding pocket (the wild-type as well as Y181C and K103N mutants) were obtained and discussed.

Methods:
A molecular fragment-based approach using FDA-approved drugs were followed to design
novel chemical derivatives using delavirdine, efavirenz, etravirine and rilpivirine as the scaffolds.
The drug-likeliness of the derivatives was evaluated using Swiss-ADME. The parent molecule
and derivatives were then docked into the binding pocket of related crystal structures (PDB ID:
4G1Q, 1IKW, 1KLM and 3MEC). Genetic Optimization for Ligand Docking (GOLD) Suite 5.2.2
software was used for docking and the results analyzed in the Discovery Studio Visualizer 4. A derivative
was chosen for further analysis, if it passed drug-likeliness and the docked energy was
more favorable than that of its parent molecule. Out of the fifty-seven derivatives, forty-eight failed
in drug-likeness screening by Swiss-ADME or at the docking stage.

Results:
The final results showed that the selected compounds had higher predicted binding affinities
than their parent scaffolds in both wild-type and the mutants. Binding energy improvement was
higher for the structures designed based on second-generation NNRTIs (etravirine and rilpivirine)
than the first-generation NNRTIs (delavirdine and efavirenz). For example, while the docked energy
for rilpivirine was -51 KJ/mol, it was improved for its derivatives RPV01 and RPV15 up to -
58.3 and -54.5 KJ/mol, respectively.

Conclusion:
In this study, we have identified and proposed some novel molecules with improved binding capacity for HIV
RT using fragment-based approach.
Pharmacognostic and Therapeutic Activities of Genus Ocimum
Authors: Sharma Prerna , Upadhyaya Kumud 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
The main objective of this review is to provide a platform to learn about the
importance of Ocimum. A genus known to the entire population of India as Tulsi. Special attention
has been paid to literature reports describing the use of Tulsi and cancer.

Methods:
The importance of the plant and the active ingredient is described here in the relevant
bibliographic references. The use of the plant would be much more important for the drug distribution
scientist to develop a special formulation of the crude drug, which, in the future, will be a
magical therapeutic agent with many benefits.

:
Examples have been presented in which the plant is used and its use for its antibacterial activity.

Results:
A prestigious group showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of aqueous and alcoholic
extracts of OS in E. coli and V. cholera.

Conclusion:
The pooled information focuses on the fact that O. canum extracts were found to
be the largest and most active zone of inhibition.
Color control in industrial clay calcination
Authors: Martirena Hernández José Fernando , Almenares-Reyes Roger , Zunino Franco , Alujas-Diaz Adrian , Scrivener Karen Louise 
Published: June 2020

The combined use of calcined clays and limestone in the ternary system LC3 enables up to 50% of clinker substitution without affecting the performance. Low grade calcined clays are rich in iron. If calcined in an oxygen rich atmosphere, they turn to red. Cement producers avoid selling cement with a color different to the traditional. This paper proposes a method to modify color during calcination by controlling the atmosphere during the cooling. At calcination, the high temperature favors the formation of magnetite even at oxidizing conditions. However, during the cooling phase, magnetite can convert back to hematite if oxygen is available and the calcined material will have a reddish color. The procedure to control color consists of injecting liquid fuel at the carcass of the kiln while the calcined material exits, so that it combusts and exhausts the oxygen available during the cooling process. The procedure was successfully implemented at a pilot kiln in India. Controlling the calcination atmosphere enabled the production of a black calcined clay, instead of a red material. The reactivity and properties of both red and black clay are very similar, and no side effects have impacted properties of LC3 cements produced with the treated clay.
Turismo receptivo y crecimiento económico en México: evidencia de largo plazo
Authors: Sánchez López Fernando 
Published: June 2020

<p>El turismo internacional es considerado como una de las actividades más benéficas para una economía, pues se le aprecia como una actividad que genera crecimiento económico, empleo y captación de divisas, además de cooperar al entendimiento cultural entre las naciones e individuos. En este documento se analiza la relación que tienen el PIB real de México y el turismo receptivo a través de un modelo ARDL estimado con series trimestrales para el periodo 1993Q1 – 2017Q3. Los resultados señalan la existencia de una relación de largo plazo, y dan evidencia estadística de que el efecto del turismo sobre el PIB es positivo, pero también de que el PIB mexicano es inelástico ante las variaciones en la llegada de turistas internacionales. </p>
Valor en Riesgo en el sector petrolero: un análisis de la eficiencia en la medición del riesgo de la distribución α-estable versus las distribuciones t-Student generalizada asimétrica y normal
Authors: Serrano Bautista Ramona , Núñez Mora José Antonio 
Published: June 2020

<p>En el sector petrolero, el VaR se ha implementado con el objetivo de cuantificar lo mejor posible los movimientos extremos de los precios del petróleo, debido a que estos repercuten la actividad económica y afectan significativamente los movimientos en el mercado accionario (Sadorsky, 1999). Con este propósito, en esta investigación cuantificamos el VaR considerando tres tipos de petróleo (Brent, WTI y MME) y analizamos el desempeño de la estimación del VaR a un día mediante el estadístico de Kupiec considerando modelos GARCH con tres distribuciones alternativas en el proceso de innovación: estable, t-Student generalizada asimétrica y normal en un período de alta volatilidad. Los resultados de la evaluación de desempeño del modelo basado en el estadístico de Kupiec señalan que el modelo VaR-estable es un modelo más robusto y preciso para ambos niveles de confianza que los basados en las distribuciónes t-Student generalizada asimétrica y normal. Este resultado es crucial en el sector financiero, debido a que impacta directamente en la previsión de reservas necesarias para afrontar potenciales pérdidas. <strong></strong></p>
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE BUYING INTERESTS OF FOREIGN TOURISTS IN CHOOSING ACCOMMODATIONS IN TEGALLALANG VILLAGE, GIANYAR , BALI
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Ratna , Sri Anak Agung Putri 
Published: June 2020

A number of accommodations are available in Tegallalang Village, because of its location that is close to central Ubud. Along with the increase in foreign tourist arrivals, then this study aims to analyze the factors that determine the interest of foreign tourists in the selection of accommodation in the village of Tegallalang, Gianyar Bali. This study used 50 respondents with accidental sampling technique. Data will be analyzed by factor analysis. The results showed characteristics of tourists who stay at accommodation in Tegallalang Village were dominant Australian citizenship 18%, Length of their stay is 3-7 days (72%), based on age in 26-30 years old (36%). Characteristics based on occupation dominant as employed (48%) and purpose of visit for leisure (58%). Tourists choose villa for 68% as a place to stay, this is because the villa is more privacy than others. The factors that influence the buying interest of foreign tourists in choosing accommodation are the first is the factor of room quality, the second is the location factor, the third is the price factor and the fourth is accommodation security factor. The dominant factor that determines it is the room quality factorThe next research that will be conducted in the future is guest satisfaction toward accommodation in Tegallalang Village is highly expected.
Temporal pattern of cardiovascular risk factors depending on outpatient care status
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Kovrigina I. V. 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study the temporal pattern of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the adult cohort depending on outpatient care status.Materials and Methods. We analyzed the incidence of CVD in the adult cohort (n = 1170) admitted to Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital # 1 in 2015 (baseline) and after 3 years of follow-up. Groups were stratified according to the outpatient care status.Results. After 3 years of follow-up, the proportion of patients adhered to unhealthy diet decreased by 32.2%, 28.8% and 28.0% in groups without regular outpatient care, with regular outpatient care, and with regular outpatient care and CVD, respectively, as compared to baseline. Similar trend was observed regarding low physical activity (reduction by 50.3%, 24.7% and 21.8%, respectively) and tobacco smoking (45.6%, 63.0% and 61.8%, respectively). However, patients without regular outpatient care demonstrated an increase in overweight and obesity by 19.2%. Notably, the frequency of arterial hypertension increased by 48.33% in patients without regular outpatient care but decreased by 24% in those with regular outpatient care and CVD.Conclusion. During 3-year outpatient observation, we found a trend to a reduction in prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, also in patients with CVD. Nevertheless, patients without regular outpatient care showed a statistically significant increase in prevalence of overweight, obesity and arterial hypertension.
Cancer incidence over the last decade in Omsk and Orenburg regions: a descriptive study
Authors: Shirlina N. G. , Vyaltsin A. S. , Stasenko V. L. , Klimushkin A. V. 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To assess the incidence of malignancies in Omsk and Orenburg Regions.Materials and Methods. We analyzed statistical reports (form # 7) from health authorities of Omsk and Orenburg Regions which contain the data on cancer incidence in the population during the last decade (2009-2018).Results. The incidence of malignancies in Omsk and Orenburg Regions had a moderate upward trend. Cancer incidence in the urban population of Orenburg region was higher than in the corresponding rural population, with the opposite ratio in the Omsk region. Average long-term standardized incidence rate of malignancies in Omsk and Orenburg regions was 276,5 0/0000 and 273,0 0/0000, respectively. Cancer incidence prevailed among the male population regardless of the indicator type. The prevalence of males across all patients was 46.0% and 46.8% in Omsk and Orenburg Region, respectively.Conclusion. Average long-term indicators of cancer incidence in Orenburg and Omsk Regions do not differ; however, different incidence pattern was detected in urban and rural populations in these regions over the decade.
TAREKAT QADIRIYAH WA NAQSABANDIYAH TERHADAP KESALEHAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DUSUN GEMUTRI SUKOHARJO SLEMAN
Authors: Munandar Siswoyo Aris , Susanto Sigit , Nugroho Wahyu 
Published: June 2020

This study was based on a case study on the era challenges that began to erode spiritual and social aspects of the society. Sufism through thariqah offers an increase in morality /ethics. Thariqah was believed as one of media for social change in boosting morality / ethics. The main reason that thariqah as one of media for social change was that thariqah taught the improvement and burdened of individual morals. The research questions were: (1) what is the role of Qadiriyah and Naqsabandiyah thariqahs in people’s spiritual life? (2) what is the role of Qadiriyah and Naqsabandiyah thariqahs in maintaining the people’s social religiosity? The study used field research, namely by digging field data and observing directly. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of Qadiriyah and Naqsabandiyah Thariqah on the people’s social religiosity of Gemutri villagers. The findings revealed that the role of thariqah was to promote spirituality, and to teach noble morals. Increasing spirituality and moral teaching made Gemutri residents as individuals who love each other, do good deeds, be fair, maintain brotherhood, uphold the truth, and help each other. The individual character, according to Abdul Azhim, was the realm of social religiosity.
PERSPEKTIF STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKHLAK MULIA MEMBANGUN TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL SISWA SMP
Authors: Darwis Dasopang Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakKajian ini bertujuan untuk membahas perspektif strategi pembelajaran akhlak mulia membangun transformasi sosial siswa SMP. Manusia seutuhnya menjadi target capaian pendidikan dalam sebuah institusi, yang inti capaiannya meliputi aspek jasmani dan rohani dengan iman dan takwa sebagai landasannya. Dalam perspektif Islam kedua capaian itu tercakup dalam konsep fitrah membentuk akhlak mulia dalam konteks internal dalam dirinya dan eksternal ketika bersosialisasi dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. Perpaduan keduanya tampil dalam al-jism dan al-ruh yang terdiri dari al-‘`aql, al-qalb, dan al-nafs secara utuh dan terintegrasi melahirkan manusia berakhlak mulia. Dalam pembelajarannya menggunakan strategi afektif dengan pendekatan value centre, yakni pembela-jaran yang lebih mengedepankan sikap dan nilai, menyeimbangkan keaktifan guru dan murid dalam upaya membentuk hubungan sosial yang memiliki kesadaran dan bersinergis. Sinergisitas kesadaran antara keduanya membentuk kepatuhan, kepatutan, ketaatan dan keterampilan membina hubungan sosial yang baik di antara sesama siswa, juga secara timbal balik guru dan siswa dan lainnya. AbstractThis study aims to discuss the perspective of learning strategies on morals social transformation to build noble in Junior High School. The whole man becomes the target of educational achievement in an institution, which the core of the achievements includes physical and spiritual aspects with the faith and piety as its foundation. In the Islamic perspective of both the achievements included shaping the nature of the concept of noble character in the context of the internal and external on hisself when socializing with the surrounding environment. The combi-nation of both appears in al-jism and al-ruh consisting of al-'`aql, al-Qalb, and al-nafs as a whole and integrated human childbirth noble. In the learning is used affective strategies to approach the value center, which it emphasizes learning attitudes and values, balancing the activity of teachers and students in an effort to form social relationships and synergy awareness. The synergy awareness is among compliance form, decency, obedience and social skills of a good relati-onship among students as well as reciprocity and other teachers and students.
DASAR-DASAR KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Nasution Mariam 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakSeorang guru matematika yang efektif adalah guru yang berhasil membawa peserta didiknya mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dan sesuai kaidah yang berlaku dalam pendidikan. Untuk mencapai tingkat efektifitas pembelajaran matematika guru mempunyai fungsi sebagai narasumber, demonstrator, pengelola kelas, mediator, fasilitator, dan evaluator. Guru harus menguasai ber-bagai keterampilan dasar mengajar yang meliputi: keterampilan membuka dan menutup pelajaran, keterampilan menjelaskan, keterampilan bertanya, keteram-pilan menggunakan variasi mengajar, keterampilan memberi penguatan, keterampilan mengajar kelompok kecil, keterampilan mengelola kelas, dan keterampilan membimbing diskusi kecil. Dengan demikian seorang guru matematika harus mempunyai keterampilan dasar mengajar. Ini sangat penting sebagai syarat menjadi seorang guru. Seorang guru professional harus mengikuti beberapa pelatihan yang berkaitan dengan keterampilan dasar mengajar agar fungsi pengajaran tercapai dengan baik.AbstractAn effective mathematics teacher is a teacher who managed to bring learners to achieve the learning objectives according to the rules in force in education. To achieve the level of effectiveness of learning math, the teacher has the function as a resource, demonstrator, manager of the class, mediator, facilitator and the evaluator. The teacher must master the basic skills of teaching which include: opening and closing skills lesson, explaining skills, questioning skills, skills using a variation of teaching, provide reinforcement of skills, small group teaching skills, classroom management skills and skills to initiate discussion. Thus, a math teacher should have the basic skills in teaching. It is very important as a condition of becoming a teacher. A professional teacher should follow some training related to teaching basic skills in order to function properly accomplished teaching.