bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary-coronary bypass grafting: artery or vein?
Authors: Bazylev Vladlen , Rosseikin Evgeny , Tungusov Dmitriy , Mikulyak Artur 
Published: July 2020

Background The method of coronary-coronary bypass grafting was described in 1987 but has not been widely used, and there are only a few studies that report good short-term and mid-term results as well as some individual cases of long-term follow-up. In our medical institution, we carried out an analysis of the long-term results of coronary-coronary bypass grafting, which are presented in this study. Methods This was a retrospective single-center study on 95 patients who underwent coronary-coronary bypass grafting as a supplement to the standard coronary bypass grafting procedure. All patients underwent angiographic assessment of the coronary bypass grafts during the long-term follow-up period. The observation period was up to 123 months. Angiographic assessment of 109 coronary-coronary grafts was carried out. Results Twelve (7.6%) arterial and 11 (19.3%) venous conduits were found to be occluded, and 8 (10.3%) arterial and 10 (31.3%) venous coronary-coronary grafts were occluded during the observation period. Conclusion Arterial coronary-coronary artery bypass grafting represents an alternative technique that allows complete myocardial revascularization.
Functional, work-related rehabilitative programming for cancer survivors experiencing cancer-related fatigue
Authors: Dolgoy Naomi , Brose Julie M , Dao Thao , Suderman Kirsten , Gross Douglas P , Ho Chester , Culos-Reed S Nicole , McNeely Margaret L 
Published: July 2020

Introduction Cancer-related fatigue negatively impacts 50–90% of cancer survivors. In North America, approximately 50% of return-to-work interventions initially fail for survivors, with cancer-related fatigue often cited as a barrier to workability. Occupational therapy-driven cancer-related fatigue work-related programming for survivors is sparse, despite many published reviews calling for interdisciplinary interventions; to address work-related performance, specific functional interventions are likely to be needed. Further exploration and a broader understanding of survivors’ cancer-related fatigue management, participation in rehabilitative programmes, and plans for return to work are necessary to target survivor needs better. Method Drawing on social theory, this exploratory descriptive study utilised content and thematic analysis of interviews from 12 survivors to explore and describe the perspectives of survivors experiencing cancer-related fatigue yet desiring to work. Results Content analysis reflected distinct differences in fatigue-related terminology. Thematic analysis identified three themes specific to cancer-related fatigue and workability: valuing physical wellness, perceived cognitive impacts of cancer-related fatigue on function and workability, and the lack of transition from physical exercise to functional work-related activities. Conclusion Survivors identified gaps in care related to managing cognitive symptoms and the need for functional, work-related interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue. With their expertise in function, occupational therapists are well positioned to facilitate work-specific interventions, within cancer-specific exercise programming.
Determinants of External Indebtedness in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries: What Macroeconomic and Socio-Economic Factors Matter?
Authors: Azolibe Chukwuebuka Bernard 
Published: July 2020

This study specifically examined whether macroeconomic and socio-economic factors such as corruption, foreign aid, government expenditure, external reserve, population growth, economic growth, and unemployment rate matter in increasing or reducing the level of external indebtedness in heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs). Both static panel data and panel fully modified ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation techniques were employed. Using panel data set of all the 39 HIPCs covering period of 1996 to 2018, we found out that the factors that matter in heightening the intake of external debt are high rate of corruption that leads to mismanagement of public funds, high dependency on foreign aids, increase in government expenditure, population growth, and unemployment rate. However, external reserve and gross domestic product (GDP) has a reducing effect on their external indebtedness. In terms of causal relationship, only corruption, population growth, and GDP have a causal relationship with external debt, while other variables exhibited a zero causal relationship with external debt. JEL Classifications: F34, E6, E24
Evaluation of a Novel Antiplatelet Therapy Strategy in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Giang Kayla , Stallings Holly E. , Clopton Paul , Stubbs Maria K. , Penny William F. 
Published: July 2020

Background Ticagrelor presents less thrombotic risk compared to clopidogrel in acute coronary syndromes. However, its role in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)-naive patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) undergoing elective percutaneous intervention (PCI) remains unclear, including uncertainty in the method of conversion to clopidogrel for adequate coverage without increased bleeding risk. Objective Determine the safety and efficacy of ticagrelor loading and transitioning to clopidogrel in patients with SIHD undergoing elective PCI. Methods This is a retrospective cohort review of patients with SIHD who underwent elective PCI. The Switch Rx patients were treated with ticagrelor immediately before PCI, converted to clopidogrel 300 mg the day after, and discharged with clopidogrel 75 mg daily. Standard Rx patients, who received a clopidogrel load and received clopidogrel 75 mg daily after the procedure, were analyzed as a matched comparator cohort. The safety outcomes were any bleeding event at 24 hours and 30 days. The efficacy outcomes included major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 24 hours and 30 days. Results Five Switch Rx patients (n = 54) experienced bleeding academic research consortium type I bleeding within 24 hours, with no subsequent bleeding observed out to 30 days. When comparing the Switch Rx patients (n = 39) to their matched Standard Rx cohort (n = 39), no MACEs occurred within 30 days and there were no significant differences in safety and efficacy outcomes. Conclusion In DAPT-naive patients undergoing elective PCI for SIHD, a strategy of in-lab ticagrelor transitioning to clopidogrel with a 300-mg load was not associated with increased bleeding or other adverse events.
Portents from Orwell’s 1984: Bureaucracies, Ministries of Truth and Plenty – challenges facing the administration of mental healthcare in Australia
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Allison Stephen , Kisely Stephen R , Maguire Paul 
Published: July 2020

Objective: We reflect upon the processes of mental health administration in Australia with reference to George Orwell’s novel, 1984. Conclusions: Mental healthcare in Australia is distorted by politicisation, spin and a refusal to acknowledge the reality of the current situation. These challenges for mental healthcare demonstrate some similarities with the Ministries of Truth and Plenty, which conversely performed as their opposites in Orwell’s novel. Psychiatrists and their professional bodies should play a greater role in advocacy for clinician-led, evidence-based services in partnership with our communities.
Minocycline Topical Foam: A New Drug for the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Onge Erin St. , Mobley W. Cary 
Published: July 2020

Objective: To review the safety and efficacy of minocycline 4% topical foam for the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris in adults and pediatric patients aged 9 years and older. Data Sources: A literature search through PubMed and EMBASE was conducted using the following keywords: FMX101, minocycline, foam, and acne. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Articles selected included those describing preclinical and clinical studies of pharmacokinetics, efficacy, or safety of topical minocycline foam. Data Synthesis: Minocycline 4% topical foam was shown in a preclinical study to effectively deliver minocycline to the pilosebaceous unit, with little penetration beyond the stratum corneum. This was consistent with a phase 1 pharmacokinetic study of the foam, which yielded a significantly reduced systemic exposure of minocycline compared with oral minocycline. In phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials, the foam significantly reduced acne lesion counts and Investigator’s Global Assessment scores of acne severity compared with placebo. The foam has a good safety profile, with headache, mild erythema, hyperpigmentation, and mild dryness among the most common adverse effects. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Topical antibiotics have been a mainstay of acne therapy with the benefit of less systemic exposure compared with oral antibiotics. However, the development of bacterial resistance has reduced their use, thereby reducing options for many patients with acne. Minocycline 4% topical foam is a safe and effective alternative, which may help restore this important therapeutic approach for treating acne vulgaris.
A study on the management of needle-stick and sharps injuries based on total quality management in a tertiary hospital in western China
Authors: Xin Xia , Zheng Xuemei , Lu Huapeng , Yang Qinling , Sun Yali , Qu Kai , Guo Yan , He Hairong 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Based on the concept of total quality management, the practice of managing needle-stick and sharps injuries was analyzed to improve nursing quality. Methods: Using total quality management, an improvement plan was completed. Standard operating procedures for infusion therapy and monitoring of the circulatory system were made to reduce the utilization of winged metal needles and the frequency of needle-stick injuries. From 2015 to 2018, four cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the use of winged metal needles, peripheral intravenous catheters, central venous catheters, peripherally inserted central catheters, and implantable venous access ports and the status of needle-stick and sharps injuries in our hospital during the 4 years. Results: Four cross-sectional surveys showed that the percentage of winged metal needle utilization decreased significantly from 13% to 0.5%, and that of peripheral intravenous catheters increased from 77% to 87%. Zero tolerance of winged metal needles increased from 33 to 60 nursing units, an improvement rate of 81.82%. The number of needle-stick injuries decreased from 71 to 21, a decrease of 70.42%. Needle-stick injuries occurred mainly during waste disposal (34.71%) and needle withdrawal (18.18%) and when recapping needles (9.92%). Conclusion: Based on total quality management, the implementation of zero tolerance of winged metal needles is much better. The use of winged metal needles and the incidence of needle-stick injuries are reduced. Total quality management is of great clinical value in preventing needle-stick injuries.
Wire- and Ultrasound-Guided Localization: A Novel Technique for Excision of Nonpalpable Breast Tumors
Authors: Khare Siddhant , Singh Tulika , Santosh Irrinki , Laroiya Ishita , Singh Gurpreet 
Published: July 2020

Background: Excision of nonpalpable breast lesions requires intraoperative guidance. Wire-guided localization and intraoperative ultrasounds have been used successfully but suffer from some disadvantages. We describe a new modification of the standard technique using a combination of preoperative ultrasound in conjunction with standard wire-guided localization. Methods: Wire and ultrasound-guided localization (WUGL) technique was used for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions. Results: Sixty-nine patients with nonpalpable breast lesions were subjected to excision using WUGL, out of whom 63 patients had a preoperative diagnosis of invasive/noninvasive breast cancer. Six patients had a preoperative diagnosis of benign lesions, out of which 3 patients were converted to invasive breast cancer on final pathology. Only 1 patient had positive margin. Conclusions: WUGL is a technique that uses a combination of well-accepted and easily available techniques. It has given good results and has the potential for widespread acceptance in resource-constrained situations.
Sonographic evaluation of chest wall thickness in Chinese adults in Hong Kong: Should the updated (10th edition) Advance Trauma Life Support guidelines on preferred site of needle thoracocentesis in tension pneumothorax be adopted in the Asian population?
Authors: Dorothy Pui-Ming Yu Stephanie , Siu Ki Lau James , Leung Mok Ka , Gay Kan Pui 
Published: July 2020

Objective To compare the anterior with lateral mean chest wall thickness measured by bedside ultrasound in Chinese adults in order to suggest a preferred site for needle decompression in tension pneumothorax. Study design This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a regional hospital over three months. Subjects were recruited by convenience sampling. Chest wall thickness at the second intercostal space, mid clavicular line, fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line and fifth intercostal space and mid axillary line was measured using ultrasound on both sides. Range, mean values and confidence intervals were calculated. Results One-hundred and fourteen subjects were recruited. The mean anterior chest wall thickness was 2.62 cm (at second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line) and mean lateral chest wall was 2.68 cm (at fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line) and 2.87 cm (at fifth intercostal space and mid-axillary line) respectively. Chest wall thickness at fifth intercostal space and mid-axillary line was significantly greater than second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line ( p < 0.01). Chest wall thickness was greater than 5 cm in 3.5% of the study population. Conclusion There is a need for population-based guidelines. We recommend needle decompression at the second intercostal space, mid-clavicular line with a 50-mm angiocath for Chinese patients with tension pneumothorax. A lateral approach at the fifth intercostal space, anterior axillary line may be considered as an alternative in case of failure. Prehospital point-of-care ultrasound may be a useful adjunct in managing such patients.
Roughness and wettability of aligner materials
Authors: Suter Fabienne , Zinelis Spiros , Patcas Raphael , Schätzle Marc , Eliades George , Eliades Theodore 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The characterisation of surface roughness and energy of contemporary thermoplastic materials used in manufacturing of orthodontic aligners. Design: In vitro, laboratory study. Materials and methods: Four commercially available thermoplastic materials were selected (CA-medium/CAM, Essix-copopyester/COP, Duran/DUR and Erkodur/ERK). Five disks from each, as received, material were tested and subjected to: (1) reflected light microscopy; (2) optical profilometry for the estimation of Sa, Sz, Sq, Sdr, Sc, Sv surface roughness parameters (n = 5); and (3) contact angle measurements with a Zisman series of liquids for the estimation of critical surface tension (γC), total work of adhesion (WA), as well as the work of adhesion due to polar (WP) and dispersion (WD) components employing the Zisman method (n = 5/liquid). Thermoformed disks were prepared against a dental stone model and the roughness parameters were calculated again Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA/ Tukey multiple comparison test and t-test (a = 0.05). Results: Microscopic and profilometric analyses revealed a smooth surface texture in the as-received materials, but a very rough texture after thermoforming, with insignificant differences within each state. Significant differences in the as-received state were found in the surface energy parameters; CAM showed the lowest γC and the highest WA, WP, WD, whereas ERK with the highest γC demonstrated lower WA. COP and DUR were ranked in an intermediate group regarding γC, with a statistically significant difference in WA between them, mainly attributed to the lower WP of the former. Conclusion: Given the differences in surface energy parameters and the lack of roughness differences within the as received or thermoformed groups, it may be concluded that variations in the plaque retaining capacity are anticipated, determined by γC, WA and the WP, WD components.
Breast Cancer in Men: Clinical and Pathological Analysis of 817 Cases
Authors: Spreafico Fernanda Servidoni , Cardoso-Filho Cassio , Cabello Cesar , Sarian Luis Otávio , Zeferino Luiz Carlos , Vale Diama Bhadra 
Published: July 2020

The objective of the current study was to describe breast cancer cases in men according to age, stage, and histology, calculating risks compared to women. It is a retrospective cross-sectional study of all breast cancer cases of the Hospital Cancer Registry of São Paulo state, Brazil, 2000–2015. Variables were age, sex, stage, and histology. Absolute numbers and proportions, Mann–Whitney test and prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval were used. The study included 93,737 cases, of which 817 were males. The mean age at diagnosis was 60.3 years in men and 56.2 years in women ( p < .001). Stage II was the most common in both sexes (33.9% in men and 36.5% in women). Men had a higher frequency of stage III than women (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.37). Stage 0 was significantly more common in women (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.94). Ductal carcinoma and its variants were the most common histological types in both sexes (88.7% in men and 89.0% in women). Men had a higher frequency of rarer histological types such as papillary (PR 2.17, 95% CI 1.36–3.44) and sarcomas (PR 4.10, 95% CI 1.86–9.01). In conclusion, in men, breast cancer diagnosis occurred in more advanced ages and stages. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the primary histological type observed, although rarer types were more frequent.
Favorable first-pass recanalization rates with NeVa™ thrombectomy device in acute stroke patients: Initial clinical experience
Authors: Akpinar Cetin K , Ozdemir Atilla O , Gurkas Erdem , Bilgic Adnan B , Aykac Ozlem , Inanc Yusuf , Giray Semih 
Published: July 2020

Background The NeVa™ thrombectomy device (Vesalio LLC, Nashville, USA) has been reported to succeed in large vessel occlusion thrombectomy in animal, in-vitro, and clinical studies. Designed with Drop Zone technology, a closed distal tip, and strong expansive radial force, the device demonstrated particular efficiency in resistant “white” thrombi in preclinical research. Our goal is to determine the safety and performance of this novel stent retriever on first-pass rates and overall recanalization. Methods The Interventional Neurology Database is a prospectively maintained database of anterior and posterior circulation stroke thrombectomy cases. We retrospectively analyzed cases where the NeVa™ thrombectomy device was used as the first-line treatment strategy. Data collection occurred between January 2019 and January 2020. First-pass recanalization, final recanalization, 90-day functional outcome, complication, and bleeding rates are reported. Results One hundred eighteen patients were treated with the NeVa™ thrombectomy device. The mean patient age was 69 ± 14 years, the median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 14, and the median initial Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography score was 8. The median time from groin puncture to successful recanalization was 29 min (interquartile range (IQR): 20–40). First-pass recanalization rates were 56.8% (modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) 2b/3) and 44.9% (mTICI 2c/3). Final successful recanalization rate was 95.8% (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b/3). Favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) was 53% in the “first-pass” subgroup and 42.4% in the total patient population. The median number of passes to achieve the final recanalization score was 1 (IQR 1–2). The rate of embolization into new territory was 1.7%. Four patients (3.3%) had symptomatic hemorrhage. Conclusions In our experience, the NeVa™ device demonstrated high first-pass and overall recanalization rates along with a good safety profile.
Research ethics in practice: challenges of using digital technology to embed the voices of children and young people within programs for fathers who use domestic violence
Authors: Lamb Katie , Humphreys Cathy , Hegarty Kelsey 
Published: July 2020

There has been growing enthusiasm amongst those who undertake research with children, for the development of participatory and visual research methods. The greater availability and affordability of digital technology (such as digital cameras, tablets and smart phones) has meant that there has been greater scope for digital technology to support participatory research methods, or augment more traditional qualitative research methods. While digital technology provides new opportunities for qualitative researchers, they also come with a series of challenges – some of which have been grappled with by those using more traditional research methods but also some which are new. Our study was undertaken in Victoria, Australia, and used a combination of interviews, focus groups and digital storytelling to bring together two strands of work which have historically occurred separately: work with children experiencing domestic violence and programs for men who use domestic violence. While digital storytelling proved to be an effective method of engaging children and young people in the research, a range of challenging ethical issues emerged. Some of these issues were considered as part of the formal ‘procedural ethics’ process, but additional and more challenging issues relating to anonymity and the complex safety considerations of using of the children’s digital stories within programs for men who use violence and dissemination emerged in practice. It is hoped that sharing our experiences and decision-making will contribute to the knowledge base for others considering engaging in sensitive research using digital technology.