bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer Acceptance of Reduced Sodium Potato Chips and Puffed Rice: How Does Ingredient Information and Education Influence Liking?
Authors: Buechler Aimee E. , Lee Soo‐Yeun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractApproximately 90% of Americans consume more than the 2,300 mg of sodium recommended daily; therefore, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended short‐ and long‐term sodium reduction goals in food products. Reduced sodium products have not been previously liked, so flavor enhancers may increase their palatability. The objective of this research was to compare the acceptability of FDA‐recommended short‐ and long‐term sodium reduction goals for potato chips (18 and 51% reduction) and puffed rice (20 and 57% reduction) seasoned with and without monosodium glutamate (MSG) and disodium inosinate and guanylate (I + G) combinations across three conditions: blind tasting, ingredient information, and ingredient information with educational phrase of the need for sodium reduction and safety of flavor enhancers. Data were collected for 83 potato chip panelists and 81 puffed rice panelists. A significant difference was seen across the samples with different levels of sodium and flavor enhancers for potato chips (P < 0.01) and puffed rice (P < 0.001). For potato chips, ingredient information increased the acceptance of samples with flavor enhancers. Education increased the liking of samples with short‐ and long‐term sodium reduction and samples that combined only salt and MSG. For puffed rice, ingredient information increased acceptance except the long‐term reduced sodium samples with MSG and I + G. Education increased the liking of all samples with MSG and I + G. The combination of flavor enhancers with consumer education increased the acceptance of reduced sodium products. Future research on specific sensory differences across samples that influence acceptability will be valuable for industrial application of the findings.Practical ApplicationThe findings of our study suggest the overall liking of reduced sodium potato chip and puffed rice samples could be improved with the addition of flavor enhancers. Additionally, reduced sodium product liking was maintained or improved when paired with ingredient labeling and sodium reduction education. The acceptance of reduced sodium products would lead to the decreased risk of hypertension, heart attacks, and strokes for Americans.
Alcohol Intake in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Up to 19 Years of Age: A Cohort Study
Authors: Weile Louise Katrine Kjær , Wu Chunsen , Hegaard Hanne Kristine , Kesmodel Ulrik Schiøler , Henriksen Tine Brink , Nohr Ellen Aagaard 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundLittle is known about maternal alcohol intake in early pregnancy and the risk of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children beyond 5 years of age. We examined the association between alcohol binge drinking and weekly alcohol intake in early pregnancy and the risk of ADHD in children followed from birth to 19 years of age.MethodsWe included 48,072 children born between 1998 and 2012, whose mothers participated in the Aarhus Birth Cohort. Maternal alcohol intake was obtained from a self‐administered questionnaire completed in early pregnancy. ADHD diagnoses were retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register and the Danish National Patient Register. Crude hazard ratio and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of ADHD according to alcohol binge drinking or weekly intake of alcohol were calculated using the Cox regression.ResultsCompared to children of women with no binge drinking episodes, we observed an aHR for ADHD of 0.91 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.08), 0.73 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.96), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.06) among children of women reporting 1, 2, and 3 or more binge drinking episodes, respectively. Among children of women drinking <1 drink per week, 1 drink per week, 2 drinks per week, and 3 or more drinks per week, we observed an aHR for ADHD of 0.87 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.03), 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.98), 1.30 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.92), and 0.78 (95% CI 0.38 to 1.59), respectively, when compared to children of women not drinking on a weekly basis.ConclusionWe found no evidence that binge drinking or low alcohol intake in early pregnancy was associated with the risk of ADHD in children.
Neurotensin receptor 1 deletion decreases methamphetamine self‐administration and the associated reduction in dopamine cell firing
Authors: Dominguez‐Lopez Sergio , Sharma Ramaswamy , Beckstead Michael J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe previously reported that a non‐selective pharmacological blockade of neurotensin receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) decreases methamphetamine (METH) self‐administration in mice. Here, we explored the consequences of genetic deletion of neurotensin receptor 1 (NtsR1) on METH self‐administration and VTA dopamine neuron firing activity. We implanted mice with an indwelling jugular catheter and trained them to nose‐poke for intravenous infusions of METH. Mice with NtsR1 deletion (KO) acquired self‐administration similar to wildtype (WT) and heterozygous (HET) littermates. However, in NtsR1 KO and HET mice, METH intake and motivated METH seeking decreased when the response requirement was increased to a fixed ratio 3 and when mice were tested on a progressive ratio protocol. After completion of METH self‐administration, single cell in vivo extracellular recordings of dopamine firing activity in the VTA were obtained in anesthetized mice. Non‐bursting dopamine neurons from KO mice fired at slower rates than those from WT mice, supporting an excitatory role for NtsR1 on VTA dopamine neuronal activity. In WT mice, a history of METH self‐administration decreased dopamine cell firing frequency compared with cells from drug‐naïve controls. NtsR1 KO and HET mice did not exhibit this decline in dopamine cell firing activity after METH experience. We also observed an increase in population activity following METH self‐administration that was strongest in the WT group. Our results suggest a role for NtsR1 in METH‐seeking behavior and indicate that ablation of NtsR1 prevents the detrimental effects of prolonged METH self‐administration on VTA dopamine cell firing frequency.
Breed is associated with the ABCB1‐1Δ mutation in Australian dogs
Authors: Soussa RW , Woodward A , Marty M , Cannon CM 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThe ABCB1 gene encodes P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), a cellular membrane pump. One functional mutation that leads to expression of a less functional form of P‐gp, ABCB1‐1Δ, has been described in dogs. Individuals with this mutation can have severe adverse reactions to common veterinary pharmaceuticals that are known substrates of this pump. We investigated the detection of this mutation in samples submitted to two Australian diagnostic laboratories.MethodsA total of 4842 dogs across 27 breeds were tested for the ABCB1‐1Δ mutation from buccal swabs or EDTA blood using standard PCR, multiplex PCR, or genotyping chip. Statistical analysis was applied to determine the proportions and odds ratios of the ABCB1‐1Δ mutation in herding breeds compared with non‐herding breeds.ResultsThe ABCB1‐1Δ mutation was detected in nine breeds. The most commonly affected breeds were collies, Australian shepherds, white Swiss shepherds, and Shetland sheepdogs. Of 32 dogs in 18 non‐herding breeds tested, one cocker spaniel and one labradoodle were positive for the mutation, both heterozygous.ConclusionThe most frequently affected breeds for ABCB1‐1Δ mutation are the collie, Australian shepherd, white Swiss shepherd and Shetland sheepdog. As the mutation is associated with an increased incidence of adverse reactions to commonly used pharmaceuticals, veterinarians need to be aware of the breeds at most risk of carrying this mutation and consider testing these individuals prior to administering these medications.
New addiction to the NRF2‐related factor NRF3 in cancer cells: Ubiquitin‐independent proteolysis through the 20S proteasome
Authors: Kobayashi Akira , Waku Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccumulating evidence has revealed that human cancers develop by sequentially mutating pivotal genes, including driver genes, and acquiring cancer hallmarks. For instance, cancer cells are addicted to the transcription factor NRF2 (NFE2L2), which is a driver gene that utilizes the cellular cytoprotection system against oxidative stress and metabolic pathway reprogramming for sustaining high growth. Our group has recently discovered a new addiction to the NRF2‐related factor NRF3 (NFE2L3) in cancer. For many years, the physiological function of NRF3 remained obscure, in part because Nrf3‐deficient mice do not show apparent abnormalities. Nevertheless, human cancer genome databases suggest critical roles of NRF3 in cancer because of high NRF3 mRNA induction in several cancer types, such as colorectal cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with a poor prognosis. We found that NRF3 promotes tumor growth and malignancy by activating ubiquitin‐independent 20S proteasome assembly through inducing the expression of the proteasome maturation protein (POMP) chaperone and thereby degrading the tumor suppressors p53 and Rb. The NRF3‐POMP‐20S proteasome axis has an entirely different effect on cancer than NRF2. In this review, we describe recent research advances regarding the new cancer effector NRF3, including unclarified ubiquitin‐independent proteolysis by the NRF3‐POMP‐20S proteasome axis. The expected development of cancer therapeutic interventions for this axis is also discussed.
Elite artificial bees' colony algorithm to solve robot's fuzzy constrained routing problem
Authors: Abbaszadeh Sori Ali , Ebrahimnejad Ali , Motameni Homayun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of the fundamental challenges of the robotics field is robot's movement. That is, why route planning is an eminent issue of robotics research and it is used to enhance autonomy of moving robots in complex environments. The objective of route planning problem is to find the shortest route without collide from initiation point to destination point so that the amount of energy consumption by robot would not exceed a predefined amount. Because neither the amount of energy consumption nor the robot's passed distance index cannot be measured precisely due to environmental conditions, and fuzzy data is used for modeling the problem and the problem would be called “Robot Fuzzy Constrained shortest Route” problem. The main contributions of this study are fivefold: (i) The mathematical model of fuzzy constrained shortest route problem (FCSRP) is formulated; (ii) An elite artificial bees' colony (EABC) algorithm is used to solve the robot's FSCRP; (iii) The proposed EABC algorithm is simulated with two fuzzy networks; (iv) The performance of the proposed approach is compared with the performance of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm; and (v) The results show the convergence speed of the EABC algorithm is higher than the existing algorithms.
The effects of dapagliflozin on cardio‐renal risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes with or without renin‐angiotensin system inhibitor treatment: a post hoc analysis
Authors: Scholtes Rosalie A. , van Raalte Daniël H. , Correa‐Rotter Ricardo , Toto Robert D. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Cain Valerie , Sjöström C. David , Sartipy Peter , Stefánsson Bergur V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsRenin‐angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) are the most effective treatments for diabetic kidney disease but significant residual renal risk remains, possibly because of other mechanisms of kidney disease progression unrelated to RAS that may be present. Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors reduce albuminuria and may complement RASi by offering additional renal protection. This post hoc analysis investigated the effects of dapagliflozin on cardio‐renal risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with increased albuminuria treated with or without RASi at baseline.Materials and methodsWe evaluated the effects of dapagliflozin 10 mg/day over 12–24 weeks across 13 placebo‐controlled studies in patients with T2D with a urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g at baseline. Patients were divided into two subgroups based on treatment with or without RASi at baseline.ResultsCompared with patients with RASi at baseline (n = 957), patients without RASi (n = 302) were younger, had a shorter duration of diabetes (7 vs. 12 years), higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and lower UACR, serum uric acid (sUA), body weight and systolic blood pressure. Placebo‐adjusted treatment effects of dapagliflozin on UACR, eGFR, glycated haemoglobin and haematocrit over 24 weeks were similar across groups. Mean reductions in body weight and sUA were more distinct in patients without RASi treatment at baseline.ConclusionsTreatment with dapagliflozin over 24 weeks provides similar clinically relevant improvements in metabolic and haemodynamic parameters, and similar reductions in UACR, in patients with T2D with elevated albuminuria treated with or without RASi at baseline.
Comparing the feasibility and accuracy of three‐dimensional ultrasound to two‐dimensional ultrasound and computed tomography angiography in the assessment of carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Song Shinjeong , Heo Ran , Lee Sang‐Eun , Park Jinki , Lee Jinyong , Kim Sujin , Cho In Jeong , Chang Hyuk‐Jae 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTwo‐dimensional ultrasound (2D‐US) is the mainstay imaging technique used to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis. An automated single sweep three‐dimensional ultrasound (3D‐US) technique became available. We evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of 3D‐US in the assessment of carotid plaques compared to those of 2D‐US. Carotid computed tomography angiography (CTA) was used as a reference.Methods and resultsAmong 126 stroke patients who underwent carotid 2D‐US, 73 underwent 3D‐US and carotid CTA. 3D‐US was pursued when there were carotid plaques or when area stenosis was ≥ 20% by 2D‐US. Both 2D‐ and 3D‐US images of the carotid arteries were acquired using a dedicated ultrasound system that was equipped with the single sweep volumetric transducer. In total, 266 arteries from 73 patients were selected for comparison of the detection rate of carotid plaques between 2D‐ and 3D‐US. Among the 73 patients, carotid CTA detected 139 plaques. 3D‐US demonstrated a higher detection rate of carotid plaques than did 2D‐US (108 plaques (77.9%) vs. 70 plaques (50.4%)) when using carotid CTA as a reference standard. Carotid plaque volume (PV) of 133 vessels from 73 patients were quantitatively evaluated using both 3D‐US and carotid CTA. Plaque volume of carotid artery was comparable between 3D‐US and CTA (148.5 ± 133.0 mm3 vs. 154.1 ± 134.6 mm3, P = .998, R: 0.9825, P‐value for r < .001).Conclusion3D‐US using a single sweep technique was a feasible and accurate method of detecting arterial plaques and assessing plaque volume.
The effects of straw incorporation with plastic film mulch on soil properties and bacterial community structure on the loess plateau
Authors: Li Yüze , Hu Yingchun , Song Duanpu , Liang Shihan , Qin Xiaoliang , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe application of plastic film mulch and the return and incorporation of crop straw into topsoil as independent treatments affect soil physicochemical properties, including nutrient balance/cycling. It remains unclear whether combining straw incorporation and plastic film mulch significantly affects soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities. We conducted a two‐factor (plastic film mulch application and maize straw incorporation) randomized block design experiment with four treatments: no plastic film mulch or straw incorporation (C), plastic film mulch (M), straw incorporation without mulch (CS) and straw incorporation with mulch (MS). Soil was sampled at the end of the growing cycle after 3 years of treatment. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3−‐N) concentrations significantly improved after straw incorporation. Plastic film mulch had a significant negative effect on soil bacterial richness, whereas straw incorporation had no effect. Straw incorporation had a significant positive effect on bacterial diversity, whereas plastic film mulch had no effect. The MS and M treatments had significantly more Proteobacteria than the C and CS treatments. Formation of the soil bacterial community structure was driven by soil TN, NO3−‐N and SOC in the treatments with straw incorporation, and soil ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4+‐N) in the treatments without straw incorporation. In conclusion, plastic film mulch coupled with straw incorporation can significantly change the taxonomical and functional composition of soil bacterial communities and enhance soil bacterial diversity by affecting carbon and nitrogen cycling in cropland soils of farmland, especially in arid and semiarid regions.Highlights
SOC, TN and NO3−–N concentrations significantly improved after straw incorporation
Straw incorporation had a greater effect on bacterial communities than plastic film mulch
Soil bacterial community structure was driven by soil TN, NO3−–N and SOC after straw incorporation
Soil bacterial community structure was driven by soil NH4+‐N without straw incorporation.
A novel tool to assess the effect of intraspecific spatial niche variation on species distribution shifts under climate change
Authors: Martin Youri , Van Dyck Hans , Legendre Pierre , Settele Josef , Schweiger Oliver , Harpke Alexander , Wiemers Martin , Ameztegui Aitor , Titeux Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimNiche‐based models often ignore spatial variation in the climatic niche of a species across its occupied range and the related variation in the response to changing climate conditions. This assumption may lead to inaccurate predictions of species distribution shifts under climate change. Models have been developed to address this issue, but most of them depend upon prior knowledge on evolutionary lineages, phenotypic traits or ecological processes underlying local adaptation or adaptive plasticity. As such information is often lacking, these models are not frequently used to predict distribution shifts for many species. This limits our ability to explore general patterns of change across species.InnovationHere, we propose a modelling framework that can be applied across a large sample of species to assess their distribution shifts under future climate while exploring the effect of intraspecific spatial variation in the response to climate conditions. The proposed approach does not require a detailed understanding of the processes underlying such variation. The geographical distribution of a species is split into spatial subsets along the gradient of occupied climate conditions. These subsets are considered as proxies for intraspecific spatial niche variation. Local models are built with each subset and their predictions are assembled across the study area under different dispersal assumptions. Using European butterflies as an example, we show that this approach can be used to explore the uncertainty about predicted distribution shifts arising from intraspecific spatial variation in sensitivity and response to changing climate conditions.Main conclusionsOur modelling approach is not intended to replace advanced modelling methods based on species‐specific knowledge of ecological and evolutionary processes, but it is useful as an exploratory tool to detect species for which detailed information on intraspecific responses to climate conditions is likely to make a difference for prediction of future distribution shifts.
Clinical application of Web Accessible Population Pharmacokinetic Service—Hemophilia (WAPPS‐Hemo): Patterns of blood sampling and patient characteristics among clinician users
Authors: McEneny‐King Alanna , Yeung Cindy HT , Edginton Andrea N. , Iorio Alfonso , Croteau Stacy E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundUse of population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) to facilitate PK‐informed prophylaxis in clinical practice has gained momentum among haemophilia providers due to the accessibility of tools such as the Web Accessible Population Pharmacokinetic Service—Hemophilia (WAPPS‐Hemo) and availability of extended half‐life (EHL) factor concentrates. It is unknown how clinicians implement PopPK.AimTo investigate the evolution of PopPK use in clinical practice by comparing blood sampling strategies, patient features, and factor group between initial and recent periods of WAPPS‐Hemo availability.MethodsPK data for haemophilia A and haemophilia B patients from two time periods were extracted from the WAPPS‐Hemo database: early availability (10/2015‐09/2016) and recent use (10/2017‐09/2018). We compared patient characteristics (age, body weight, haemophilia type), product type and dose, and blood sampling times between the time frames.ResultsOver 1900 eligible infusions were submitted to WAPPS‐Hemo during the periods studied, with 85% representing FVIII concentrates. In the recent cohort, PK profiles were requested for younger patients (median age 18 vs 26 years), with increased proportional EHL FVIII use (29% vs 14% of infusions). High‐use centres generally submitted fewer blood samples per infusion than non‐high‐use centres, although the number of samples collected by non‐high‐use centres decreased significantly over time. During both periods, blood sample timing was generally consistent with ISTH recommended windows.ConclusionThe use of WAPPS‐Hemo by haemophilia providers grew by over threefold between the time periods investigated. While sampling times have included key time points proposed first by Björkman since early WAPPS‐Hemo usage, a trend towards minimizing sampling was observed.
CuO (Bromosphaerol) and CeMo (8 Hydroxyquinoline) microcontainers incorporated into commercial marine paints
Authors: Kordas George 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe developed CuO and CeMo microcontainers, which were filled with Bromosphaerol (CuO (BR)), Sea‐Nine 211 (CuO (SN)) and 8‐Hydroxyquinoline (CeMo (8‐HQ)). We created coatings on metals using the basic resins we took from the WILKENS and Re‐Turn companies without additives of the companies. The coatings were studied in the laboratory after exposure to marine environment in Mikrolimano harbor in a distance of 12 km southwest from the city of Piraeus in the east coast of the Saronic Gulf (WILKENS) and Singapore harbor (Re‐Turn). Laboratory measurements showed that CeMo (8‐HQ) coatings exhibit better anticorrosion stability of paints in sea water than commercial paints. With regard to the incorporation of CuO (BR) into commercial paints, the results showed a drastic improvement in antifouling behavior from that resulting from commercial paints. The contact angle with water is improved by Θ = 70° to Θ = 115° possible through morphology of the surface due to the effect of the incorporation of microcontainers ensuring a better cruising behavior of the ship. This entails a dramatic rise in cruising speed, reducing fuel consumption and reducing air pollution. The technology was tested by the partial painting of two ships with our technology, one ship which traveled for a year in the Adriatic Sea (Sea Anemos) and the other traveled over a year in the Nord Sea (Berge Arzew).