bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment effects of cumulative cisplatin dose during radiotherapy following induction chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: propensity score analyses
Authors: Peng Liang , Chen Jia-Luo , Zhu Guang-Li , Huang Cheng-Long , Li Jun-Yan , Ma Jun , Wen Wei-Ping , Tang Ling-Long 
Published: June 2020

Background: The treatment effects of cumulative cisplatin dose (CCD) during radiotherapy (RT) following induction chemotherapy (IC) have not been determined for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A total of 3460 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC who were treated with IC plus cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy or RT alone were included in this retrospective study. Three CCD groups (0 mg/m2 ⩽ CCD <100 mg/m2, 100 mg/m2 ⩽ CCD <200 mg/m2, CCD ⩾200 mg/m2) were balanced through the inverse probability of treatment weighting based on propensity scores estimated by a general boosted model. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); the secondary endpoints were distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Results: CCD ⩾200 mg/m2 and <200 mg/m2 exhibited similar treatment effects for OS and DMFS, and were both superior to CCD <100 mg/m2 for OS and DMFS in patients with stage IVa NPC. The three CCD groups achieved similar treatment effects for patients with stage II–III NPC. After IC, CCD during RT appeared to exert little treatment effect on LRFS. Conclusion: The CCD during RT exerts treatment effects and improves OS by reducing the risk of distant metastasis for patients with stage IVa NPC following IC, and CCD <200 mg/m2 (mainly 160 mg/m2 in this group) is recommended. However, RT alone may be sufficient after IC in patients with stage II–III NPC.
Role of FcγRI in Antigen-Dependent Eosinophil Activation in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: An Yun-Fang , Suo Li-Min , Xue Jin-Mei , Han Hai-Yang , Yang Gui , Liu Jiang-Qi , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Liu Zhi-Gang , Zhao Chang-Qing , Yang Ping-Chang 
Published: June 2020

Background The eosinophil (Eo) activation is a crucial factor evoking allergic rhinitis (AR) attacks; factors; the mechanism of triggering Eo activation remains to be further investigated. The interaction of antigen (Ag) and antibody plays a critical role in evoking allergy attacks. This study aims to elucidate the role of FcγRI, the high affinity receptor of IgG, in the Ag-mediated Eo activation. Methods Nasal lavage fluids (NLF) were collected from AR patients and healthy control (HC) subjects. Eos were isolated by flow cytometry cell sorting and analyzed by pertinent immunological approaches. Results Eos composed more than 60% of the cellular components in AR NLF. Exposure to specific Ags (sAgs) in the culture triggered Eos to release inflammatory mediators. High levels of FcγRI were detected on the surface of AR NLF Eos. Exposure to lipopolysaccharide markedly increased the FcγRI expression in naive Eos, which could be bound by Ag-specific IgG (sIgG) to form complexes on the surface of Eos; this made Eos at the sensitized status. Eos bore with the sIgG/FcγRI complexes could be activated upon exposure to sIgG in the culture; these Eos can be designated as Ag-specific Eos. Passive transfer of Ag-specific Eos resulted in profound AR response in mice upon sAg challenge. Depletion of FcγRI on Eos efficiently abolished AR response in mice. Conclusions AR Eos express high levels FcγRI, that can be bound by sIgG to make Eos sensitized. Re-exposure to specific Ags can activate the sensitized Eos.
“Food is something everyone should participate in”: A positive deviance approach to understanding the use of a food and nutrition app in low-income, Latino homes
Authors: Neffa-Creech Deborah , Clarke Peter , Evans Susan H , Glovinsky Joanna 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: Latino families are among the most likely to be overweight or obese, which are conditions associated with numerous health risks and diseases. These families might lack know-how for preparing vegetables that fall outside cooks’ culinary comfort zones and cultural traditions. Mobile apps are increasingly being developed for healthier cooking and eating, but research has not much explored how such apps are used among these families to help facilitate changes in eating patterns. This research seeks to identify behaviors and motivations that lead household cooks (i.e. mothers) in low-income Latino homes to use a food and nutrition app and create healthier eating environments for their families. Methods: This study uses a positive deviance approach and individual interviews with mothers who were frequent app users and experienced beneficial food outcomes during their participation in a randomized controlled trial that tested the effects of an app on their cooking and family eating behaviors. Interviews were analyzed for themes using a framework analysis approach. Results: Three themes emerged across interviews that were suggestive of approaches that led mothers to become frequent app users and prepare healthier meals: (1) mothers invited their children to use the app; (2) they involved both sons and daughters in the kitchen; and (3) they (cautiously) stepped outside their culinary comfort zones. Conclusion: Mobile apps and app-focused interventions should include features that invite: app co-use between mothers and children; opportunities for mothers to socialize boys, as well as girls into kitchen routines; and the use of culturally-familiar ingredients or recipes that are easily adaptable.
Patterns of liver injury in COVID‐19 – a German case series
Authors: Schattenberg Jörn M , Labenz Christian , Wörns Marcus‐Alexander , Menge Philipp , Weinmann Arndt , Galle Peter R , Sprinzl Martin F. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundReports of liver injury in patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) are emerging from China and the USA. A wide variety of liver function test abnormalities and few cases of severe liver failure have been reported. No data on the hepatic phenotype from Europe are available at current.MethodsWe report a case series of 44 consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID‐19 in Germany.ResultsAt the time of admission, aspartate aminotransferase greater than the upper limit of normal was present in 70%, while alanine aminotransferase was elevated in 15.8%. Markers of cholestatic liver injury were altered only in a minority of patients. During hospitalization, 31% and 22% experienced increasing aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, respectively, when transaminases were normal at admission. Severe liver injury defined by 3×> upper limit of normal was observed in 9.1% over a mean time of 10.5 days. Importantly, patients exhibited cytotoxicity including lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase elevations, but no signs of relevant liver function impairment.ConclusionIn summary, in a case series of hospitalized patients in Germany, cytotoxicity in the absence of severe liver dysfunction at admission and only few cases suggestive of severe liver injury during hospital were observed.
Physiotherapists’ role during hospital-to-home transition for older adults with hip fracture and mobility limitation: A research protocol
Authors: Kalu Michael E , Okoh Augustine C , Nwankwo Henrietha , Anieto Ebuka , Adandom Israel , Jumbo Samuel , Ekezie Uduonu , Diameta Emofe , Akinrolie Olayinka , Obi Perpetua , Omeje Chidinma , Mohammad Sadiq , Ajulo Michael , Opara MacMillian , Abaraogu Ukachukwu O 
Published: June 2020

Introduction Functional deficits such as gait speed, muscle strength or reduced activities in daily living after discharge are predictors for hospital readmission for older adults with hip fractures. However, physiotherapists (PTs) who are inherently mobility experts, do not actively participate during the hospital-to-home transition of older adults with hip fractures in the developing countries, including Nigeria. This qualitative study aims to describe and explore how PTs working within inpatient rehabilitation units prepare older adults (≥60 years) with a hip fracture for transfer to their home in the community. Methods We will adopt Sally Thorne’s Interpretive Description approach to purposively select 25 PTs with 5-years experience of participating in discharging older adults with hip fractures from inpatient rehabilitation-to-home. Data collection will include (a) semi-structured, one-on-one interviews with PTs, (b) discharge summaries of two older adults, and (c) final focus group discussion with PTs. We will ask the physiotherapists to provide discharge summaries of two older adults - one that they described as a “difficult” case and one that they described as an “easy” case during inpatient rehabilitation-to-home transition. Data will be analyzed employing Sally Thorne’s “borrowing techniques”- content and thematic analysis for the patients’ discharge summaries and PT interviews, respectively.
After Joseph Needham: The legacy reviewed, the agenda revised – some personal reflections
Authors: Lloyd Geoffrey 
Published: June 2020

We all owe Joseph Needham an immense debt for discovering Chinese science and technology for Western scholars. But his famous question (Why did the Chinese, who had been so far in advance of Europe until the 17th century, fail to produce modern science independently?) is simplistic. Needham’s discussion relied on categories (‘physics’, ‘engineering’, even ‘mathematics’) that are largely anachronistic. He was preoccupied by questions of priorities (who did what first). We should recognise that the historical record brings to light many breakthroughs in the development of science, in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, ancient Greece and ancient China, as well as in Europe in the 17th century and beyond; they all call for detailed analysis of the different social, political, economic, institutional and intellectual factors at work. One topic of particular importance and current interest concerns the factors that enable innovation to flourish, where the differing experience of ancient societies can provide lessons that may still be relevant today. The new agenda for the history of science should have a global remit.
The 14-3-3ζ–c-Src–integrin-β3 complex is vital for platelet activation
Authors: Shen Chuanbin , Liu Ming , Xu Runjia , Wang Gan , Li June , Chen Pingguo , Ma Wenjing , Mwangi James , Lu Qiumin , Duan Zilei , Zhang Zhiye , Dahmani Fatima Zohra , Mackeigan Daniel Thomas , Ni Heyu , Lai Ren 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSeveral adaptor molecules bind to cytoplasmic tails of β-integrins and facilitate bidirectional signaling, which is critical in thrombosis and hemostasis. Interfering with integrin-adaptor interactions spatially or temporally to inhibit thrombosis without affecting hemostasis is an attractive strategy for the development of safe antithrombotic drugs. We show for the first time that the 14-3-3ζ–c-Src–integrin-β3 complex is formed during platelet activation. 14-3-3ζ–c-Src interaction is mediated by the -PIRLGLALNFSVFYYE- fragment (PE16) on the 14-3-3ζ and SH2-domain on c-Src, whereas the 14-3-3ζ–integrin-β3 interaction is mediated by the -ESKVFYLKMKGDYYRYL- fragment (EL17) on the 14-3-3ζ and -KEATSTF- fragment (KF7) on the β3-integrin cytoplasmic tail. The EL17-motif inhibitor, or KF7 peptide, interferes with the formation of the 14-3-3ζ–c-Src–integrin-β3 complex and selectively inhibits β3 outside-in signaling without affecting the integrin-fibrinogen interaction, which suppresses thrombosis without causing significant bleeding. This study characterized a previously unidentified 14-3-3ζ–c-Src–integrin-β3 complex in platelets and provided a novel strategy for the development of safe and effective antithrombotic treatments.
Lysine-specific demethylase 1A restricts ex vivo propagation of human HSCs and is a target of UM171
Authors: Subramaniam Agatheeswaran , Žemaitis Kristijonas , Talkhoncheh Mehrnaz Safaee , Yudovich David , Bäckström Alexandra , Debnath Shubhranshu , Chen Jun , Jain Mayur Vilas , Galeev Roman , Gaetani Massimiliano , Zubarev Roman A. , Larsson Jonas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Culture conditions in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can be expanded for clinical benefit are highly sought after. Here, we report that inhibition of the epigenetic regulator lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) induces a rapid expansion of human cord blood–derived CD34+ cells and promotes in vitro propagation of long-term repopulating HSCs by preventing differentiation. The phenotype and molecular characteristics of cells treated with LSD1 inhibitors were highly similar to cells treated with UM171, an agent promoting expansion of HSCs through undefined mechanisms and currently being tested in clinical trials. Strikingly, we found that LSD1, as well as other members of the LSD1-containing chromatin remodeling complex CoREST, is rapidly polyubiquitinated and degraded upon UM171 treatment. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 depletion of the CoREST core member, RCOR1, resulted in expansion of CD34+ cells similar to LSD1 inhibition and UM171. Taken together, LSD1 and CoREST restrict HSC expansion and are principal targets of UM171, forming a mechanistic basis for the HSC-promoting activity of UM171.
Body mass index, waist circumference, and risk of hearing loss: a meta-analysis and systematic review of observational study
Authors: Yang Jin-Rong , Hidayat Khemayanto , Chen Cai-Long , Li Yun-Hong , Xu Jia-Ying , Qin Li-Qiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence implicates excess weight as a potential risk factor for hearing loss. However, this association remained inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to systematically and quantitatively review the published observational study on the association between body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) and hearing loss.

Methods
The odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled under a random-effects model. Fourteen observational studies were eligible for the inclusion in the final analysis.

Results
In the meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies, the ORs for prevalent hearing loss were 1.10 (95% CI 0.88, 1.38) underweight, 1.14 (95% CI 0.99, 1.32) for overweight, OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.14, 1.72) for obesity, 1.14 (95% CI 1.04, 1.24) for each 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, and 1.22 (95% CO 0.88. 1.68) for higher WC. In the meta-analysis of longitudinal studies, the RRs were 0.96 (95% CI 0.52, 1.79) for underweight, 1.15 (95% CI 1.04, 1.27) for overweight, 1.38 (95% CI 1.07, 1.79) for obesity, 1.15 (95% CI 1.01, 1.30) for each 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, and 1.11 (95% CI 1.01, 1.22) for higher WC.

Conclusions
In summary, our findings add weight to the evidence that elevated BMI and higher WC may be positively associated with the risk of hearing loss.
Chi-miR-30b-5p inhibits dermal papilla cells proliferation by targeting CaMKIIδ gene in cashmere goat
Authors: Zhang Yuelang , Xia Sizhe , Wang Tianci , Wang Shanhe , Yuan Dan , Li Fang , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
During goat embryonic morphogenesis and postnatal initiation of hair follicle (HF) regeneration, dermal papilla (DP) cells play a vital role in hair formation. Growing evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in HF development and DP cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated.

Result
In this study, we utilized miRNA sequencing (miRNA-Seq) to identify differentially expressed miRNAs at different HF cycling stages (anagen and telogen). MiRNA-Seq has identified 411 annotated miRNAs and 130 novel miRNAs in which 29 miRNAs were up-regulated and 32 miRNAs were down-regulated in the anagen phase compared to the telogen phase. Target gene prediction and functional enrichment analysis indicated some major biological pathways related to hair cycling, such as Wnt signaling pathways, ECM-receptor interaction, VEGF signaling pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids, metabolic pathways, ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation. Also, we explored the function of chi-miR-30b-5p in regulating hair growth cycle. Similar to the HF cycling, DP cells were isolated from skin and used to investigate miRNA functions. The MTT and EdU assays showed that the viability and proliferation of DP cells were inhibited or promoted after the transfection of chi-miR-30b-5p mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis revealed CaMKIIδ as a candidate target gene of chi-miR-30b-5p, and the dual-luciferase and western blot assay demonstrated that chi-miR-30b-5p bound to the 3’UTR of CaMKIIδ and further inhibited its translation.

Conclusion
Chi-miR-30b-5p was found to be highly expressed in the telogen than that in the anagen phase and could inhibit the proliferation of DP cells by targeting CaMKIIδ. Our study provides new information on the regulatory functions of miRNAs during HF development.
Genetic dissection of an allotetraploid interspecific CSSLs guides interspecific genetics and breeding in cotton
Authors: Zhu De , Li Ximei , Wang Zhiwei , You Chunyuan , Nie Xinhui , Sun Jie , Zhang Xianlong , Zhang Dawei , Lin Zhongxu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The low genetic diversity of Upland cotton limits the potential for genetic improvement. Making full use of the genetic resources of Sea-island cotton will facilitate genetic improvement of widely cultivated Upland cotton varieties. The chromosome segments substitution lines (CSSLs) provide an ideal strategy for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in interspecific hybridization.

Results
In this study, a CSSL population was developed by PCR-based markers assisted selection (MAS), derived from the crossing and backcrossing of Gossypium hirsutum (Gh) and G. barbadense (Gb), firstly. Then, by whole genome re-sequencing, 11,653,661 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified which ultimately constructed 1211 recombination chromosome introgression segments from Gb. The sequencing-based physical map provided more accurate introgressions than the PCR-based markers. By exploiting CSSLs with mutant morphological traits, the genes responding for leaf shape and fuzz-less mutation in the Gb were identified. Based on a high-resolution recombination bin map to uncover genetic loci determining the phenotypic variance between Gh and Gb, 64 QTLs were identified for 14 agronomic traits with an interval length of 158 kb to 27 Mb. Surprisingly, multiple alleles of Gb showed extremely high value in enhancing cottonseed oil content (SOC).

Conclusions
This study provides guidance for studying interspecific inheritance, especially breeding researchers, for future studies using the traditional PCR-based molecular markers and high-throughput re-sequencing technology in the study of CSSLs. Available resources include candidate position for controlling cotton quality and quantitative traits, and excellent breeding materials. Collectively, our results provide insights into the genetic effects of Gb alleles on the Gh, and provide guidance for the utilization of Gb alleles in interspecific breeding.
Mining ancient microbiomes using selective enrichment of damaged DNA molecules
Authors: Weiß Clemens L. , Gansauge Marie-Theres , Aximu-Petri Ayinuer , Meyer Matthias , Burbano Hernán A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The identification of bona fide microbial taxa in microbiomes derived from ancient and historical samples is complicated by the unavoidable mixture between DNA from ante- and post-mortem microbial colonizers. One possibility to distinguish between these sources of microbial DNA is querying for the presence of age-associated degradation patterns typical of ancient DNA (aDNA). The presence of uracils, resulting from cytosine deamination, has been detected ubiquitously in aDNA retrieved from diverse sources, and used as an authentication criterion. Here, we employ a library preparation method that separates molecules that carry uracils from those that do not for a set of samples that includes Neandertal remains, herbarium specimens and archaeological plant remains.

Results
We show that sequencing DNA libraries enriched in molecules carrying uracils effectively amplifies age associated degradation patterns in microbial mixtures of ancient and historical origin. This facilitates the discovery of authentic ancient microbial taxa in cases where degradation patterns are difficult to detect due to large sequence divergence in microbial mixtures. Additionally, the relative enrichment of taxa in the uracil enriched fraction can help to identify bona fide ancient microbial taxa that could be missed using a more targeted approach.

Conclusions
Our experiments show, that in addition to its use in enriching authentic endogenous DNA of organisms of interest, the selective enrichment of damaged DNA molecules can be a valuable tool in the discovery of ancient microbial taxa.
Interspecific analysis of diurnal gene regulation in panicoid grasses identifies known and novel regulatory motifs
Authors: Lai Xianjun , Bendix Claire , Yan Lang , Zhang Yang , Schnable James C. , Harmon Frank G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The circadian clock drives endogenous 24-h rhythms that allow organisms to adapt and prepare for predictable and repeated changes in their environment throughout the day-night (diurnal) cycle. Many components of the circadian clock in Arabidopsis thaliana have been functionally characterized, but comparatively little is known about circadian clocks in grass species including major crops like maize and sorghum.

Results
Comparative research based on protein homology and diurnal gene expression patterns suggests the function of some predicted clock components in grasses is conserved with their Arabidopsis counterparts, while others have diverged in function. Our analysis of diurnal gene expression in three panicoid grasses sorghum, maize, and foxtail millet revealed conserved and divergent evolution of expression for core circadian clock genes and for the overall transcriptome. We find that several classes of core circadian clock genes in these grasses differ in copy number compared to Arabidopsis, but mostly exhibit conservation of both protein sequence and diurnal expression pattern with the notable exception of maize paralogous genes. We predict conserved cis-regulatory motifs shared between maize, sorghum, and foxtail millet through identification of diurnal co-expression clusters for a subset of 27,196 orthologous syntenic genes. In this analysis, a Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel based method to control for background variation identified significant enrichment for both expected and novel 6–8 nucleotide motifs in the promoter regions of genes with shared diurnal regulation predicted to function in common physiological activities.

Conclusions
This study illustrates the divergence and conservation of circadian clocks and diurnal regulatory networks across syntenic orthologous genes in panacoid grass species. Further, conserved local regulatory sequences contribute to the architecture of these diurnal regulatory networks that produce conserved patterns of diurnal gene expression.