bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of substrate type on macroinvertebrate assemblages within agricultural drainage ditches
Authors: Gething Kieran J. , Ripley Matthew C. , Mathers Kate L. , Chadd Richard P. , Wood Paul J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArtificial drainage ditches are common features in lowland agricultural catchments that support a wide range of ecosystem services at the landscape scale. Current paradigms in river management suggest activities that increase habitat heterogeneity and complexity resulting in more diverse floral and faunal assemblages; however, it is not known if the same principles apply to artificial drainage ditch systems. We examined the effects of four artificial substrates, representing increasing habitat complexity and heterogeneity (bricks, gravel, netting and vegetation), on macroinvertebrate community structure within artificial drainage ditches. Each substrate type supported a distinct macroinvertebrate community highlighting the importance of habitat heterogeneity in maintaining macroinvertebrate assemblages. Each substrate type also displayed differing degrees of community heterogeneity, with gravel communities being most variable and artificial vegetation being the least. In addition, several macroinvertebrate diversity metrics increased along the gradient of artificial substrate complexity, although these differences were not statistically significant. We conclude that habitat management practices that increase habitat complexity are likely to enhance macroinvertebrate community heterogeneity within artificial drainage channels regardless of previous management activities.
Electrochromic switching of tungsten oxide films grown by reactive ion-beam sputter deposition
Authors: Gies Mario , Michel Fabian , Lupó Christian , Schlettwein Derck , Becker Martin , Polity Angelika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChromogenic thin films are crucial building blocks in smart windows to modulate the flux of visible light and heat radiation into buildings. Electrochromic materials such as tungsten oxide are well established in those devices. Sputter deposition offers a well-suited method for the production of such layers, which can also be used on an industrial scale. Tungsten oxide films were prepared by means of reactive ion-beam sputter deposition. The choice of distinct gas mixtures as well as the growth temperature during the sputtering process allows to tune the properties of the resulting layers. Especially, the variation in the growth temperatures was found to have an impact on the structure of the resulting samples and, as a consequence, on their optical and electrochemical properties. By specific choice of the reactive gas, the deposition of colorless transparent as well as blue films of different composition is possible. The optical transmittance in the visible spectral range was up to 75% for as-deposited oxygen-rich layers. Additionally, hydrogen-doped tungsten oxide samples were grown. Superior electrochromic switching was observed for H$$^{+}$$

+

-doped layers, probably by some kind of preconditioning. This resulted in a value for the standardized optical coloration efficiency of 26.5 cm$$^{2}$$

2

/C.
Classical and Robust Regression Analysis with Compositional Data
Authors: van den Boogaart K. G. , Filzmoser P. , Hron K. , Templ M. , Tolosana-Delgado R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCompositional data carry their relevant information in the relationships (logratios) between the compositional parts. It is shown how this source of information can be used in regression modeling, where the composition could either form the response, or the explanatory part, or even both. An essential step to set up a regression model is the way how the composition(s) enter the model. Here, balance coordinates will be constructed that support an interpretation of the regression coefficients and allow for testing hypotheses of subcompositional independence. Both classical least-squares regression and robust MM regression are treated, and they are compared within different regression models at a real data set from a geochemical mapping project.
Nonlinear vibrations of an extensional beam with tip mass in slewing motion
Authors: Warminski Jerzy , Kloda Lukasz , Lenci Stefano 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDynamics of a rotor composed of a flexible beam attached to a slewing rigid hub is presented in the paper. Dynamics of the structure is studied for a slender beam model, based on extended Bernoulli–Euler theory, which takes into account a nonlinear curvature, coupled transversal and longitudinal oscillations and non-constant angular velocity of the hub. Moreover, to demonstrate a general case for dynamical boundary conditions, lumped mass fixed at the beam tip is added. The partial differential equations (PDEs) are derived from Hamilton principle of the least action. The analytical solutions of the PDEs are obtained by the multiple time scale method applied directly to PDEs. Forced vibrations around selected resonance zones are studied and the influence of beam rotation, preset angle, hub radius, tip mass is presented. Hardening and softening phenomena, respectively for the first and the second mode, are obtained for various angular velocity values.
3D DEM simulations of monotonic interface behaviour between cohesionless sand and rigid wall of different roughness
Authors: Grabowski A. , Nitka M. , Tejchman J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper deals with three-dimensional simulations of a monotonic quasi-static interface behaviour between cohesionless sand and a rigid wall of different roughness during wall friction tests in a parallelly guided direct shear test under constant normal stress. Numerical modelling was carried out by the discrete element method (DEM) using spheres with contact moments to approximately capture a non-uniform particle shape. The varying wall surface topography was simulated by a regular mesh of triangular grooves (asperities) along the wall with a different height, distance and inclination. The calculations were carried out with different initial void ratios of sand and vertical normal stress. The focus was to quantify the effect of wall roughness on the evolution of mobilized wall friction and shear localization, also to specify the ratios between slip and rotation and between shear stress/force and couple stress/moment in the sand at the wall. DEM simulations were generally in good agreement with reported experimental results for similar interface roughness. The findings presented in this paper offer a new perspective on the understanding of the wall friction phenomenon in granular bodies.
Challenges in the Diagnosis of Leak After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Clinical Presentation, Laboratory, and Radiological Findings
Authors: Al Zoubi Mohammad , Khidir Nesreen , Bashah Moataz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The presentation of leak after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is variable. A missed or delayed diagnosis can lead to severe consequences. This study presents our experience: the clinical presentations, laboratory, and radiological findings in patients with leak after LSG.

Methods
A retrospective review of patients who were diagnosed and treated as leak after LSG at our center (January 2012–November 2019).

Results
Eighty patients developed leak: 68 (85%) after primary LSG, 6 (7.5%) after Re-LSG and 6 (7.5%) after band removal to revisional LSG. Mean age 35.9 ± 10 years. The diagnosis was within 18 ± 14 days after surgery. Five (6.3%) patients were diagnosed during the same admission. Only 29.3% of patients were diagnosed correctly from the first visit to the ER. Most were misdiagnosed as gastritis (49%) and pneumonia (22.6%). Thirty-four patients (45.3%) were diagnosed correctly at the third visit. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (90%), tachycardia (71.3%), and fever (61.3%). The mean white blood cells (WBCs) count was 14700 ± 5900 (cells/mm3), c-reactive protein (CRP) 270 ± 133 mg/L, lactic acid 1.6 ± 0.85 mmol/L, and albumin 30.3 ± 6.6 g/L. The abdominal CT scans revealed intraabdominal collection in 93.7% of patients, extravasation of contrast in 75%, and pleural effusion in 52.5%. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study (UGIC) showed extravasation of contrast in 77.5% of patients.

Conclusion
Abdominal pain, tachycardia, or fever after LSG should raise the suspicion of a leak. CT scan of the abdomen and UGIC study detected leaks in 75% and 77.5% consecutively. Only 29.3% of patients were diagnosed correctly as a leak from the first visit to the ER.
Statistical Shape Model: comparison between ICP and CPD algorithms on medical applications
Authors: Marzola Antonio , Robilotta Carlo , Volpe Yary , Governi Lapo , Furferi Rocco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe increasing availability of 3D anatomical models obtained from diagnostic images exploiting Reverse Engineering techniques allows the application of statistical analysis in the quantitative investigation of anatomical shapes variability. Statistical Shape Models are a well-established method for representing such variability, especially for complex forms like the anatomical ones. Not by chance, these models are widely used for medical applications, such as guiding segmentation of the diagnostic image and virtual reconstruction of incomplete anatomic region. The application of a statistical analysis on a set of shapes representing the same anatomical region essentially requires that shapes must be in correspondence, i.e. constituted by the same number of points in corresponding position. This work aims to compare two established algorithms, namely a modified version of the Iterative Closest Point and the non-rigid version of the Coherent Point Drift, to solve the correspondences’ problem in the construction of a Statistical Shape Model of the human cranium. The comparison is carried out on the models using the standard evaluation criteria: Generalization, Specificity and Compactness. The modified version of the Iterative Closest Point delivers a better Statistical Shape Model in terms of Generalization and Specificity, but not for Compactness, than the Coherent Point Drift-based model.
Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells from Large Animal Models: from Basic to Applied Science
Authors: Bukowska Joanna , Szóstek-Mioduchowska Anna Zuzanna , Kopcewicz Marta , Walendzik Katarzyna , Machcińska Sylwia , Gawrońska-Kozak Barbara 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from domestic animals fulfill the qualitative criteria of mesenchymal stem cells, including the capacity to differentiate along multiple lineage pathways and to self-renew, as well as immunomodulatory capacities. Recent findings on human diseases derived from studying large animal models, have provided evidence that administration of autologous or allogenic ASCs can improve the process of healing. In a narrow group of large animals used in bioresearch studies, pigs and horses have been shown to be the best suited models for study of the wound healing process, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders. To this end, current literature demonstrates that ASC-based therapies bring considerable benefits to animal health in both spontaneously occurring and experimentally induced clinical cases. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the diversity, isolation, and characterization of ASCs from livestock. Particular attention has been paid to the functional characteristics of the cells that facilitate their therapeutic application in large animal models of human disease. In this regard, we describe outcomes of ASCs utilization in translational research with pig and horse models of disease. Furthermore, we evaluate the current status of ASC-based therapy in veterinary practice, particularly in the rapidly developing field of equine regenerative medicine. In conclusion, this review presents arguments that support the relevance of animal ASCs in the field of regenerative medicine and it provides insights into the future perspectives of ASC utilization in animal husbandry.Graphical abstract
Soziale Arbeit in Geflüchtetenunterkünften
Authors: Schmitt Caroline , Aden Samia 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag befasst sich mit Möglichkeiten und Begrenzungen sozialarbeiterischen Handelns in Geflüchtetenunterkünften in Deutschland. Er zeigt auf Basis einer Fallvignette Strategien einer pädagogischen Fachkraft auf, ihr pädagogisches Mandat auszufüllen, dabei aber an Grenzen des Machbaren und der eigenen Belastbarkeit zu stoßen. Ausgehend von diesem Fall reflektiert der Beitrag die Bedeutsamkeit einer menschenrechtsbasierten und interprofessionellen Verortung Sozialer Arbeit im Spannungsfeld von nationalstaatlichen Partikularinteressen und universalistischem Gleichheitsanspruch.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Free Sugars and Mannitol in Mushrooms Using Corona Charged Aerosol Detection
Authors: Sławińska Aneta , Jabłońska-Ryś Ewa , Stachniuk Anna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRefractive index detector is usually used in the analysis of sugars in mushrooms, which is characterized by poor sensitivity, reproducibility, and susceptibility to interference from co-eluting sample components. In the current study, identification and determination of free sugars in mushroom samples by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to corona charged aerosol detector (HPLC-CAD) were presented for the first time. The best chromatographic separation was performed on a Shodex Asahipak NH2P-50 4E 5 μm and mobile phase composed of 75% acetonitrile and 25% water with flow rate was 1 mL/min. The developed method offers good linearity in concentration range 0.001–0.01 or 0.01–0.2 mg/mL for tested compounds with R2 > 0.99. Limit of detection (LOD) for analytes was in the range of 7.1–120.2 ng on column. HPLC-CAD method showed very good reproducibility (RSD < 5.1%). Fructose, mannitol, and glucose were detected in all examined mushroom samples. For white Agaricus bisporus, mannitol was the most abundant sugar (7.575 mg/g dw), whereas trehalose for Pleurotus ostreatus (3.426 mg/g dw). The developed method was successfully applied for quantification of free sugars and mannitol in mushrooms. The optimized method proved to be sensitive, reproducible, and accurate.
Effect of the Addition Frequency of 5-Azacytidine in Both Micro- and Macroscale Cultures
Authors: Kadekar Sandeep , Barbe Laurent , Stoddart Martin , Varghese Oommen P. , Tenje Maria , Mestres Gemma 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have a great clinical potential for tissue regeneration purposes due to its multilineage capability. Previous studies have reported that a single addition of 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC) causes the differentiation of hMSCs towards a myocardial lineage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of 5-AzaC addition frequency on hMSCs priming (i.e., indicating an early genetic differentiation) using two culture environments.

Methods
hMSCs were supplemented with 5-AzaC while cultured in well plates and in microfluidic chips. The impact of 5-AzaC concentration (10 and 20 μM) and addition frequency (once, daily or continuously), as well as of culture period (2 or 5 days) on the genetic upregulation of PPARγ (adipocytes), PAX3 (myoblasts), SOX9 (chondrocytes) and RUNX2 (osteoblasts) was evaluated.

Results
Daily delivering 5-AzaC caused a higher upregulation of PPARγ, SOX9 and RUNX2 in comparison to a single dose delivery, both under static well plates and dynamic microfluidic cultures. A particularly high gene expression of PPARγ (tenfold-change) could indicate priming of hMSCs towards adipocytes.

Conclusions
Both macro- and microscale cultures provided results with similar trends, where addition frequency of 5-AzaC was a crucial factor to upregulate several genes. Microfluidics technology was proven to be a suitable platform for the continuous delivery of a drug and could be used for screening purposes in tissue engineering research.
Patient perspectives on priorities for research on conventional and sex- and gender-related cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Bolijn R. , Schalkers I. , Tan H. L. , Kunst A. E. , van Valkengoed I. G. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Recently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) research has focused on sex- and gender-related cardiovascular risk factors, in addition to conventional risk factors. This raises the question which factors are perceived by the target group (patients with CVD) as priorities for further research.

Methods
We carried out a survey to study priority setting for more research into conventional and sex- and gender-related risk factors according to 980 men and women with CVD or those at increased risk of CVD in the Netherlands. Data on conventional and sex- and gender-related risk factors were descriptively analysed, stratified by gender group.

Results
The most frequently prioritised conventional factors according to men were heritability, overweight and unhealthy diet, while women most frequently listed stress, heritability and hypertension. The most frequently prioritised sex- and gender-related risk factors were depression or depressive feelings, migraine and having many caretaking responsibilities (men), and pregnancy complications, contraceptive pill use and early age at menopause (women). New research on sex- and gender-related risk factors was perceived roughly as relevant as that on conventional factors by men (mean 7.4 and 8.3 on a 1–10 scale, respectively) and women (8.2 and 8.6, respectively). Ethnic and gender minority groups placed more emphasis on risk factors related to sociocultural aspects (gender) than the majority group.

Conclusion
Men and women with CVD or those at increased risk of CVD perceived new research on conventional and sex- and gender-related risk factors as a priority. These findings may guide researchers and funders in further prioritising new CVD research.
Designing soft/hard double network hydrogel microsphere/UHMWPE composites to promote water lubrication performance
Authors: Wang Chaobao , Bai Xiuqin , Dong Conglin , Guo Zhiwei , Yuan Chengqing , Neville Anne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSeveral soft tissues residing in the living body have excellent hydration lubrication properties and can provide effective protection during relative motion. In order to apply this advantage of soft matters in practical applications and try to avoid its disadvantage, such as swelling and weakening in water, a design strategy of a soft/hard double network (DN) hydrogel microsphere modified ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite is proposed in this study. A series of microspheres of urea-formaldehyde (UF), polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel, UF/PAAm double network, and their composites were prepared. The mechanical properties, swelling, wettability, friction properties, and the lubrication mechanisms of the composites were investigated. The results show that DN microspheres can have an excellent stability and provide hydration lubrication. The performance of 75 DN-1 composite was superior to others. This finding will provide a novel strategy for the development of water-lubricated materials and have wide application in engineering fields.
Scalable and Reliable Multi-dimensional Sensor Data Aggregation in Data Streaming Architectures
Authors: Henning Sören , Hasselbring Wilhelm 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEver-increasing amounts of data and requirements to process them in real time lead to more and more analytics platforms and software systems designed according to the concept of stream processing. A common area of application is processing continuous data streams from sensors, for example, IoT devices or performance monitoring tools. In addition to analyzing pure sensor data, analyses of data for entire groups of sensors often need to be performed. Therefore, data streams of the individual sensors have to be continuously aggregated to a data stream for a group. Motivated by a real-world application scenario of analyzing power consumption in Industry 4.0 environments, we propose that such a stream aggregation approach has to allow for aggregating sensors in hierarchical groups, support multiple such hierarchies in parallel, provide reconfiguration at runtime, and preserve the scalability and reliability qualities of stream processing techniques. We propose a stream processing architecture fulfilling these requirements, which can be integrated into existing big data architectures. As all state-of-the-art stream processing frameworks have to handle a trade-off between latency, resource-efficiency, and correctness, our proposed architecture can be configured for low latency and resource-efficient computation or for always ensuring correct results. To assist adopters in choosing appropriate configuration options, we provide an experimental comparison. We present a pilot implementation of our proposed architecture and show how it is used in industry. Furthermore, in experimental evaluations we show that our solution scales linearly with the amount of sensors and provides adequate reliability in the presence of faults.
Detection of Vaginal Metabolite Changes in Premature Rupture of Membrane Patients in Third Trimester Pregnancy: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Lou , Xu Han-Jie , Chen Jia-Le , Chen Zhong , Zhan Hui-Ying , Xu De-Xiang , Chen Yu , Xu Zheng-Feng , Chen Dao-Zhen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPremature rupture of membranes (PROM) is usually associated with pregnant and neonatal complications. Most of the PROM cases are caused by ascending asymptomatic genital infection. In China, PROM (15.3%) is more common than spontaneous preterm labor (7.3%) and leads to more adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we designed a prospective cohort study to measure the metabolomics changes in vaginal swab samples and explored their potential contribution to PROM. A total of 260 differentially expressed metabolites were identified and further analyzed. In the PROM group, N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and sucrose were downregulated (P = 0.0025, P = 0.0195, respectively), both of which are the upstream metabolites of the glycolysis pathway. Furthermore, estriol 3-sulfate 16-glucuronide (P = 0.0154) and 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol 3-glucosiduronic acid (P = 0.004), two final metabolites in steroid hormone biosynthesis, were both downregulated in the PROM group. Finally, we found two catechin metabolites (epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.0009; 4′-methyl-epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.01) as well as DL-citrulline (P = 0.0393) were also significantly downregulated in the PROM group compared with the healthy control (HC) group, which are related to important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the human body. Altogether, metabolite changes in glycolysis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways may contribute to (or be a consequence of) vaginal dysbiosis and PROM. Metabolite pathway analysis is a new and promising approach to further investigate the mechanism of PROM and help prevent its unfavorable pregnant outcomes at a functional level. Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000034721