bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Structure and Efficiency of Cassava Marketing in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Egwuma H. , Muhammed A.E. , Ojeleye O.A. , Oladimeji Y.U. , Hassan A.A. 
Published: July 2020

The study examined the structure and marketing efficiency of cassava in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires and multistage sampling method was employed to select 183 respondents comprising 93 farmers and 90 marketers. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and Gini Coefficient were used to measure the degree of market concentration and the nature of competition in the market. The Herfindahl-Hirschman indices were 0.323, 0.346, and 0.316 for farmers, wholesalers, and retailers, respectively, suggesting that the market was uncompetitive at all levels. The computed values of Gini coefficient for cassava farmers, wholesalers, and retailers were 0.532, 0.465, and 0.569, respectively, indicating uneven distribution of income and uncompetitive market conditions. Two channels of cassava marketing were identified and the study demonstrates that the farmer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer channel had higher marketing efficiency and thus provides marketers with better opportunities for making more profits. Based on the findings, it is recommended that micro credit facilities should be made accessible to market actors to encourage investment and improve efficiency in cassava marketing.
Keywords: Cassava, marketing efficiency, Ekiti, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Gini Coefficient
Traditional soups in Nigeria: A review of six botanicals
Authors: Gbadamosi I.T. , Kalejaye A.O. 
Published: July 2020

Ethnobotanical investigations by workers have revealed the use of juvenile leaves of Cissus populnea L. (ogbolo), Sesamum indicum L. (eeku),Gongronema latifolium Benth. (Madunmaro), Mangifera indica L. (Mongoro), Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Odunkun) and Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (Araba) for preparing soups in Nigeria. In spite of this, the consumption of these traditional soups seems to be abandoned and only consumed during scarcity of commonly used vegetables such as Corchorus olitorius L. (Ewedu). Certain traditional soups are associated with particular Nigerian ethnic groups. As examples, Gongronema latifolium to Igbo people of southeast Nigeria, while Sesamum indicum to the Yorubas and Hausas, southwest and northern Nigeria respectively. For ethnomedicinal purposes Cissus populnea and Sesamum indicum soups enhance sexual performance in men as well as production and cleansing of sperm. Mangifera indica soup is used as anti-anaemic; Gongronema latifolium soup forms part of a recipe for the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Ceiba pentandra soup is used for treating diarrhoea disorder. Despite the therapeutic and nutritional benefits of the soups, their consumption is gradually waning due to erosion of traditional knowledge and deforestation of medicinal plants occasioned by increasing urbanization. This review documents the therapeutic uses and pharmacological effects of six medicinal plants used as traditional soups, with the view that an awareness of their health benefits could lead to a resurgence of their consumption in diet.
Chemoscopic, macromorphological and micromorphological evaluation of the leaves of <i>Crescentia cujet</i>Linn
Authors: Olaniyi M.B. , Lawal I.O. , Adeniyi M.I. 
Published: July 2020

The leaves of Crescentia cujete Linn belonging to Bignoniaceae family have been reported to exhibit some important medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory activities. This study therefore evaluated the chemoscopic, macro-morphological andmicromorphological attributes of powdered, fresh and anatomical sections of Crescentia cujete Linn leaves using standard methods. The result ofchemoscopic study confirmed presence of calcium oxalate crystals, fat deposits and traces of lignin in numbers on epidermal surfaces. Macro-morphological study revealed that C. cujete leaves are deep green in colour with faint odour, sour taste and smooth-feel with non-granular surfaces. Micromorphological examinations indicated that epidermal cells are irregular, rectangular to polygonal in shape on the abaxial surface but epidermal cells on the adaxial surface were straight, slightly undulating with thick anticlinal cell walls. Paracytic stomata arrangement was found only on the abaxial surfaces. Quantitative leaf microscopy confirmed that epidermal cells had average sizes of 37.52 ± 4.62 – 39.23 ± 4.73 μm in length while cell width was 25.51± 0.86 – 27.76 ± 4.21μm. The stomata length was 15.66 ± 2.04 and 6.29 ±0.93 in width. Organoleptic and other parameters evaluated on C. cujete shows that it has optimum potential for herbal drug development and a baseline for species identification.
Status of intestinal parasites in inmates of a correctional facility, Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Nadabo C. , Ramyil M.S.C. , Bello C.S.S. , Ike R.O. , Ogundeko T.O. , Ihimekpen J. , Suchi N. , Bassi P.A. , Adu P.J. 
Published: July 2020

Correctional inmates are among the vulnerable groups to intestinal parasitic infections due to deprived situations characterized by inadequate facilities, malnutrition, scarce potable water, over-crowding, and poor hygiene. Two hundred and fifty faeces of inmates of Jos Correctional Facility were investigated for the prevalence of intestinal parasites between May and June 2019, using the wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques. Results obtained showed that from the 250 faecal samples examined, 57(22.8%) were infected with various intestinal parasites. Nine (9) different intestinal parasites identified were Entamoeba histolytica 38.60%), Entamoeba coli (15.78%), Ancylostoma duodenale (4.04%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.53%), Taeniasp (8.77%), Schistosoma mansoni (3.51%), Giardia lamblia (3.51%), Enterobius vermicularis (3.51%) and Trichuris trichuria (1.75%). The 9 different intestinal parasites were grouped into helminthes (42.1%) and protozoa (57.9%). Higher infection rate of 45.6% was recorded among those within age ranges 21-30 years. Inmates who were in prison for <2 years had higher (56.1%) infection rates compared with other inmates (43.9%). The findings are in agreement with similar studies from other penitentiaries in Nigeria resulting in significant health problems among inmates including anemia, malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and other complications. Thus, the need to scale up periodic routine examination of all inmates including stool samples, hemogram and the prompt treatment of infected individuals would significantly improve their health conditions.
Keywords: Intestinal parasites; Jos Prison; inmates and prevalence.
Fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of egg yolks from hens under different production systems
Authors: Mierliță D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study was carried out to compare the egg quality, fatty acid (FA) profiles, and oxidative stability of yolks from hens maintained in cages and fed a conventional diet (CON), those fed a conventional diet with free access to outdoor grassy area (5 m2/hens) under free-range conditions (FR), and those fed an organic diet and free access to outdoor grassy area (10 m2/hens) under in organic system (ORG). Heavier eggs were produced by CON, while percentages of yolk and eggshell were greater in eggs of FR and ORG hens. The FR and ORG hens produced eggs that contained significantly more monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) but less polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than CON hens. Eggs from FR and ORG hens had a lower concentration of PUFA n-6 because of less C18:2 n-6 (linoleic acid) and a higher percentage of PUFA n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid). Consequently, the ratio of PUFA n-6 to n-3 for eggs from FR and ORG hens was healthier for consumers compared with CON. However, eggs from the ORG hens had a similar FA profile to those from the FR hens. No significant differences were noted in hypocholesterolaemic (HI), atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic indexes. Antioxidant concentration was greatest in eggs from ORG hens (retinol-14.32 μg/g and α-tocopherol-98.7 μg/g/yolk). Thus, the oxidative stability of eggs measured after storage at 4°Cfor 15 or 30 days was improved. The best eggs in terms of nutritional value were from the ORG system in which hens lived in their natural environment.
Keywords: antioxidants, conventional production, egg quality, free range production, malonaldehyde, organic production
Subverting Patriarchy through Écriture Feminine in Fawzia Afzal-Khan’s Lahore with Love: Growing Up with Girlfriends, Pakistani Style
Authors: Zubair Shirin , Ahsan Rija 
Published: July 2020

This research paper explores linguistic techniques employed by Fawzia Afzal-Khan in her memoir Lahore with Love: Growing up with Girlfriends, Pakistani Style (LWL) to challenge patriarchal norms and structures. The theoretical frameworks used for this research are drawn from structural linguistics including the works of Mills (1995), Spender (1980), as well as French Poststructuralists: Cixous (1975) and Irigaray (1985). Through analysis of the linguistic features of her narrative such as tropes, metaphors, imagery, wordplay, polyphony, genre-mixing, and code-mixing, the paper strives to illustrate the alternative writing style of the memoirist. The objective is to reveal that her linguistic and stylistic methods differ from the dominant structural and patriarchal writing styles, and mark her feminine individuality expressed thematically and stylistically in her memoir. The significance of our approach is that our analysis of her narrative is informed by a combination of the literary insights of the French feminists along with the ideas gained from the discipline of feminist linguistics and feminist stylistics. We hope that this paper goes some way in filling the research gap in the domain of Pakistani women’s memoir-writing: an emerging arena of literary studies which is ignored and dismissed both in its literary merit and political significance.
Global Tuberculosis Burden: Is Nigeria Losing The War?
Authors: Jombo G T , Mbaave Pater T 
Published: July 2020

Tuberculosis, an old disease has claimed several millions of lives over several thousands of years in the past and at present is still a global disease. Although several countries of the world have put the disease under control in their own domain, the disease is still endemic in most parts of Asia and Africa who presently harbour over 70% of the total global burden of the disease. Nigeria presently records at least 320,000 new cases of TB every year and is the most endemic on the continent. With the increasing social instability in the country leading to the upsurge of internally displaced persons (IDPs), and establishment of several refugee camps, control of the disease has become more complicated. The ongoing TB control programme in the country should also specifically target the IDPs so as to avert a potential explosion of the disease with catastrophic consequences.
Komunikasi Kelompok Di Kalangan Komuter
Authors: Khadijah Siti , Lubis Djuara P , Kinseng Rilus A 
Published: July 2020

The speed of urban development, has caused a very heavy commuter. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the group members, with the process of communication and cohesiveness among commuters. The study was conducted to 86 members of the group in KA.Patas Purwakarta with quantitative methods using questionnaires as research instruments. Test analysis using Spearman rank statistic and chi Square to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the group members, with the communication process and individual attitudes towards cohesiveness among commuters. The study states that the age of negative relationship with the communication process. The older the age of a member was, the lower the knowledge and the obedient of the group `s norm he had. Female members had a higher involvement in the communication process of the group than the male members. There was a negative relationship between the occupation and the cohesiveness of the group. The better occupation they had, the lower degree of cohesiveness they showed. There was a significant relationship between the sex of members and their cohesivenessoutside the railway coach. Cohesiveness was found having very significant relationship with the information accessKeywords: Group Communication, Cohesiveness, Commuter.
Layanan Pesan Pendek untuk Pembangunan Pertanian di Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Wibowo Haris Tri , Lubis Djuara P , Fitri Resfa 
Published: July 2020

Application of information and communication technology (ICTs)currently has integrated with agricultural development. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as mobile phones have been used in rural development activities. LISA is a groundbreaking program that aims to provide an integrated agricultural services include agricultural tips services, the interactive dialogue, and iteration financial services based on mobile phone short message service. The main objective of this study to determine the effectiveness of LISA as agricultural information dissemination media based short message service role in agricultural development. The purposes of the study were 1) to analyze the exposure of LISA user; 2) to analyze the relationship between user characteristics and external factors against LISA’ exposure; 3) to analyze the relationship between LISA exposure against the effectiveness of communication; and 4) to analyze the relationship between interaction with other information sources against the effectiveness of communication. The sample selection method used in the study was multiple stage sampling. The sample included 100 LISA user in Karawang District. The data analysis was carried out using the descriptive correlational analysis and SEMpls. The result showed that the land area cultivated respondent significantly affect LISA’ exposure. External factors do not significantly affect the LISA exposure. LISA exposure significantly affect the effectiveness of communication. Interactions with other information sources does not significantly influence the effectiveness of communication.Keywords: short message service, LISA exposure, the effectiveness of communication
Framing Relokasi Dan Komunikasi Risiko Bencana Erupsi Gunung Merapi (Studi Kasus Desa Glagaharjo, Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY)
Authors: Y Setyadi , S Sarwoprasodjo , P Muljono 
Published: July 2020

Risk communication is physical and mental conditions that underlie the management of information in facing risks of a disaster. This study is aimed to describe risk communication strategies conducted by a community in Mount Merapi, a disaster-prone area. The study will also analyze the framing that underlies the community’s resistance towards government relocation policy. This research is expected to contribute to the development of appropriate risk communication strategies in disasters management, for both government and local communities. This Research uses qualitative methods and strengthen by quantitative data with purposive sampling. This study states that there are four framing elements underlying the peoples resistance. First, the relocation policy is considered to be disregardful of the peoples rights for proper settlement. Second, the justification of the matter is the government unjustness. Third, is more of a moral reason underlying the peoples resistance towards the policy which is an effort to retaining personal welfare and sustaining homeland. The fourth framing element, are recommendations for action, the people have decided to stay inthe village and improve preparedness and economic self-reliance. The decision to survive living in a disaster prone area is increasingly raising the peoples awareness of the importance of risk communicationin facing the threats of possible disasters.Keywords : disaster, relocation, framing, risk communication
Komunikasi Partisipatif dalam Konteks Kewirausahaan Sosial pada Program Pertanian Padi Organik di Pandeglang
Authors: Sutowo Irpan Ripa’i , Muljono Pudji , Hubeis Musa 
Published: July 2020

Farmers welfare needs extra attention from agricultural development stakeholders. SRI's organic rice farming program implemented by the Harapan Dhuafa (Harfa) humanitarian agency in Parigi Village, Saketi Sub-district, Pandeglang District, Banten Province has scored social change agents. The steps taken by Harfa in running the program is through participatory communication approach in the process of adoption of organic rice farming innovation SRI method. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of beneficiary individuals and to analyze the relationship of individual beneficiary characteristics, the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship, so that participatory communication in the context of social entrepreneurship can be well described in the organic rice farming program SRI. Research results show participative communication in the development of organic rice farming SRI method has a positive impact for the development of social entrepreneurship in Parigi Village. Through intensive participatory communication, the farmers actively engage in dialogue, arguing to reflect the results of the training/field schools in their respective fields. The emergence of individual beneficiary character in organic rice farming in increasing income and also awareness in improving environmental quality and health by producing and consuming organic rice. Based on the analysis using chi square correlation showed that there is no real relationship between the characteristics of individual beneficiaries with the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship. That is, the characteristics of individual beneficiaries is not a benchmark in an effort to increase organic rice farming methods SRI. Factors that have major influence on the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship.
Protocol for Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Ayurveda Interventions in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Ranade Anagha , Kolhe Rasika , Prasad Goli P 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
A systematic review is planned to investigate the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of Tamaka Shwasa/bronchial asthma through systematic analysis of published clinical researches.

Materials and methods:
A systematic review of the published clinical work for Ayurvedic interventions for Tamaka Shwasa/bronchial asthma will be conducted. Electronic searches, such as, EMBASE, MEDLINE, COCHRANE and AYUSH Research Portal, DHARA, Shodhganga Databases on dissertation works, conference proceedings, print journals, and reference list of articles, will be considered in the search strategy. All studies as per inclusion criteria including study design and participants will be analyzed by two investigators individually; in case of ambiguity, it will be discussed by a senior expert (investigator). The population (P in PICO) will include diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma/Tamaka Shwasa, where intervention (I) will be Ayurveda stand alone or as add-on with conventional therapy and (C) comparator will be Ayurveda and non- Ayurveda interventions or placebo. The primary outcome (O) will be improvement evident by a decrease in dyspnea, rhonchi, number of attacks, and classical symptoms of Tamaka Shwasa. Risk of bias assessment using Robin's tool will be used for non-randomized clinical trials, whereas CONSORT statement will be used for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials.

Dissemination:
This review is ongoing, and upon completion, the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The review will be updated to inform and guide healthcare practice and policy. The results will be presented in terms of high risk, moderate or low/unclear risk in risk of bias assessment.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019123886.
Clinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Saubhagyashunthi Paka and Dashamularishta in Sutika Paricharya (Postnatal Care)
Authors: Devi K Prameela , Ota Sarada , Chincholikar Mukesh B , Maheshwar T , Kumar Adarsh , Rao BCS , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The postnatal period begins immediately after the separation of the placenta extending up to 6 weeks, otherwise called as the puerperium or puerperal period. The care given during this period is called as Sutika Paricharya (postnatal care) in Ayurveda. During the time of labor, the mother undergoes tremendous physical exertion and becomes extremely debilitated, physically and mentally, which leads to derangement of Dosha especially Vatadosha in the mother. These factors cause general weakness, pain in the abdomen, low back pain, loss of appetite, dysfunction of the bladder, postnatal psychosis, etc. Apart from these, the mother also suffers with Dhatukshaya (weakness of body tissue). Prevention of puerperal sepsis, management of other complications, proper involution of genital organs, and proper lactation need to be well managed during the puerperal period. Based on the information available in the Ayurvedic texts regarding the management during Sutika Kala (postnatal phase), this study has been designed to assess the clinical efficacy of two Ayurvedic classical formulations, viz., Saubhagyashunthi Paka and Dashamularishta for the effective management of the puerperal phase.

Materials and methods:
A single-center, noncontrolled, open-label clinical trial as a means of assessing the therapeutic efficacy of Saubhagyashunthi Paka and Dashamularishta will be conducted. A total of 40 participants will be recruited for the study. The study period is 12 months, during which all the participants will be given the trial drugs for a duration of 8 weeks along with the standard care as recommended by established guidelines.

Outcome measures:
The primary outcome measure is to restore the strength of the mother and minimize the complications and establishment of sufficient lactation. The secondary outcomes are improvement in the quality of life and clinical safety of the trial drugs. Statistical evaluation would be done at the end of the trial period to compare the changes in the assessment parameters from the baseline.

Discussion:
The study will generate the preliminary evidence of the efficacy of Saubhagyashunthi Paka and Dashamularishta in Sutika Paricharya (w.s.r. to postnatal care), which will validate the Ayurvedic therapeutic approach for the management of Sutika Paricharya and will also help to design a randomized controlled trial.

Trial registration:
Clinical Trials Registry—India [CTRI/2020/01/022935]