bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterising the brain metalloproteome in Down syndrome patients with concomitant Alzheimer's pathology
Authors: Malakooti Nakisa , Roberts Blaine , Pritchard Melanie A , Volitakis Irene , Kim Ron C , Lott Ira T , McLean Catriona A , Finkelstein David I , Adlard Paul A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a common intellectual disability, with an incidence of 1 in 700 and is caused by trisomy 21. People with DS develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like neuropathology by the age of 40. As metal ion dyshomeostasis (particularly zinc, iron and copper) is one of the characteristics of AD and is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of disease, we reasoned that it may also be altered in DS. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to examine metal levels in post-mortem brain tissue from DS individuals with concomitant AD pathology. Size exclusion-ICPMS was also utilised to characterise the metalloproteome in these cases. We report here for the first time that iron levels were higher in a number of regions in the DS brain, including the hippocampus (40%), frontal cortex (100%) and temporal cortex (34%), compared to controls. Zinc and copper were also elevated (both 29%) in the DS frontal cortex, but zinc was decreased (23%) in the DS temporal cortex. Other elements were also examined, a number of which also showed disease-specific changes. The metalloproteomic profile in the DS brain was also different to that in the controls. These data suggest that metals and metal:protein interactions are dysregulated in the DS brain which, given the known role of metals in neurodegeneration and AD, is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of disease. Interrogation of the underlying cellular mechanisms and consequences of this failure in metal ion homeostasis, and the specific contributions of the individual DS and AD phenotypes to these changes, should be explored.
Oxidation-resistant titanium carbide MXene films
Authors: Lee Yonghee , Kim Seon Joon , Kim Yong-Jae , Lim Younghwan , Chae Yoonjeong , Lee Byeong-Joo , Kim Young-Tae , Han Hee , Gogotsi Yury , Ahn Chi Won 
Published: November 2019

We have demonstrated a highly stable electric heater made of oxidation-resistant MXene film, which was capable of stable operation in air under highly oxidizing conditions (70 °C, 100% RH).
Long non-coding RNA DSCAM-AS1 contributes to the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer by targeting miR-877-5p/ATXN7L3 axis
Authors: Liang Jie , Zhang Shujuan , Wang Wei , Xu Yan , Kawuli Atikan , Lu Jiaqi , Xiu Xuemei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is ranked as the fourth most common cancer that occurs in women universally, which normally causes pain in the lower belly. Plenty of studies have stated that the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is linked to the cellular development of many kinds of cancers. DSCAM-AS1 has been reported to act as an oncogene in other cancer types and the aim of our study was to uncover the function and regulatory mechanism of DSCAM-AS1 in CC. In this research, our findings presented that DSCAM-AS1 expression was up-regulated in CC cells. DSCAM-AS1 led to the development of CC by enhancing cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. DSCAM-AS1 was verified to combine with miR-877-5p and down-regulate the expression of miR-877-5p. Results also showed that ATXN7L3 was a downstream target gene of miR-877-5p and it was unfavorably modulated by miR-877-5p. Enhanced expression of ATXN7L3 counterbalanced the DSCAM-AS1 knockdown effect on the progression of CC. This was the first time to analyze the underlying regulatory mechanism of the oncogenic DSCAM-AS1. Our findings clarified that DSCAM-AS1 played as an oncogenic lncRNA by targeting miR-877-5p/ATXN7L3 axis to promote CC progression, which may provide insights into the prevention of CC.
A novel circFMN2 promotes tumor proliferation in CRC by regulating the miR-1182/hTERT signaling pathways
Authors: Li Yongchao , Li Changfeng , Xu Ruisi , Wang Yun , Li Dandan , Zhang Bin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs broadly expressed in cells of various species. However, the molecular mechanisms that link circRNAs with colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well understood. In the present study, we attempted to provide novel basis for targeted therapy for CRC from the aspect of circRNA–microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA interaction.
Methods: We investigated the expression of circRNAs in five paired CRC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues by microarray analysis. Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified between CRC tissues and non-cancerous matched tissues. We focused on hsa_circ_0005100, which is located on chromosome 1 and derived from FMN2, and thus we named it as circFMN2. The expression of circFMN2 was detected in 88 CRC tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR. Functional assays were performed to evaluate the effects of circFMN2 on proliferation in vitro, and on tumorigenesis in vivo. The relationship between circFMN2 and miR-1182 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay.
Results: circFMN2 was found to be significantly up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, knockdown of circFMN2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that there is a circFMN2/miR-1182/hTERT axis in CRC progression. Dual-luciferase reporter system validated the direct interaction of circFMN2, miR-1182, hTERT. Western blot verified that inhibition of circFMN2 decreased hTERT expression. Importantly, we demonstrated that circFMN2 was up-regulated in serum exosomes from CRC patients.
Conclusion: In conclusion, circFMN2 is a central component linking circRNAs to progression of CRC via an miR-1182/hTERT axis.
The headlight cloud in NGC 628: An extreme giant molecular cloud in a typical galaxy disk
Authors: Herrera Cinthya N. , Pety Jérôme , Hughes Annie , Meidt Sharon E. , Kreckel Kathryn , Querejeta Miguel , Saito Toshiki , Lang Philipp , Jiménez-Donaire María Jesús , Pessa Ismael , Cormier Diane , Usero Antonio , Sliwa Kazimierz , Faesi Christopher , Blanc Guillermo A. , Bigiel Frank , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A. , Grasha Kathryn , Glover Simon C. O. , Hygate Alexander P. S. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Leroy Adam K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Sun Jiayi , Utomo Dyas 
Published: November 2019

Context.Cloud-scale surveys of molecular gas reveal the link between giant molecular cloud properties and star formation across a range of galactic environments. Cloud populations in galaxy disks are considered to be representative of the normal star formation process, while galaxy centers tend to harbor denser gas that exhibits more extreme star formation. At high resolution, however, molecular clouds with exceptional gas properties and star formation activity may also be observed in normal disk environments. In this paper we study the brightest cloud traced in CO(2–1) emission in the disk of nearby spiral galaxy NGC 628.Aims.We characterize the properties of the molecular and ionized gas that is spatially coincident with an extremely bright H IIregion in the context of the NGC 628 galactic environment. We investigate how feedback and large-scale processes influence the properties of the molecular gas in this region.Methods.High-resolution ALMA observations of CO(2–1) and CO(1−0) emission were used to characterize the mass and dynamical state of the “headlight” molecular cloud. The characteristics of this cloud are compared to the typical properties of molecular clouds in NGC 628. A simple large velocity gradient (LVG) analysis incorporating additional ALMA observations of13CO(1−0), HCO+(1−0), and HCN(1−0) emission was used to constrain the beam-diluted density and temperature of the molecular gas. We analyzed the MUSE spectrum using Starburst99 to characterize the young stellar population associated with the H IIregion.Results.The unusually bright headlight cloud is massive (1 − 2 × 107 M⊙), with a beam-diluted density ofnH2 = 5 × 104cm−3based on LVG modeling. It has a low virial parameter, suggesting that the CO emission associated with this cloud may be overluminous due to heating by the H IIregion. A young (2 − 4 Myr) stellar population with mass 3 × 105 M⊙is associated.Conclusions.We argue that the headlight cloud is currently being destroyed by feedback from young massive stars. Due to the large mass of the cloud, this phase of the its evolution is long enough for the impact of feedback on the excitation of the gas to be observed. The high mass of the headlight cloud may be related to its location at a spiral co-rotation radius, where gas experiences reduced galactic shear compared to other regions of the disk and receives a sustained inflow of gas that can promote the mass growth of the cloud.
Revisited mass-radius relations for exoplanets below 120 M⊕
Authors: Otegi J. F. , Bouchy F. , Helled R. 
Published: November 2019

The masses and radii of exoplanets are fundamental quantities needed for their characterisation. Studying the different populations of exoplanets is important for understanding the demographics of the different planetary types, which can then be linked to planetary formation and evolution. We present an updated exoplanet catalogue based on reliable, robust, and, as much as possible accurate mass and radius measurements of transiting planets up to 120 M⊕. The resulting mass-radius (M-R) diagram shows two distinct populations, corresponding to rocky and volatile-rich exoplanets which overlap in both mass and radius. The rocky exoplanet population shows a relatively small density variability and ends at mass of ~25 M⊕, possibly indicating the maximum core mass that can be formed. We use the composition line of pure water to separate the two populations, and infer two new empirical M-R relations based on this data: M = (0.9 ± 0.06) R(3.45±0.12) for the rocky population, and M = (1.74 ± 0.38) R(1.58±0.10) for the volatile-rich population. While our results for the two regimes are in agreement with previous studies, the new M-R relations better match the population in the transition region from rocky to volatile-rich exoplanets, which correspond to a mass range of 5–25 M⊕, and a radius range of 2–3 R⊕.
Diagnostik und Klinik eines passageren Lymphozyten-Syndroms bei einer Patientin nach AB0-identer Lungentransplantation
Authors: Dick Andrea , Hatz Rudolf , Humpe Andreas , Kauke Teresa 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungEine 60-jährige Patientin zeigte 2 Wochen nach Lungentransplantation mit anfänglich guter Organfunktion einen Abfall der Thrombozyten, intermittierendes Fieber unklarer Genese, Diarrhö und eine zunehmende Verschlechterung des Allgemeinzustands. Die laborchemische, mikrobiologische und bildgebende Diagnostik ergab keine Erklärung für die Symptome. Unter der Differenzialdiagnose einer Abstoßung konnte anhand der Lungenbiopsie keine zelluläre Abstoßung festgestellt werden. Im Gegensatz zum Serumbefund vor Transplantation konnten im Serum 3 Wochen nach Transplantation erstmalig HLA-Antikörper mit hohen Signalstärken nachgewiesen werden, aber nicht wie erwartet gegen den Lungendonor, sondern gegen die Lungenempfängerin gerichtet. Die parallel durchgeführte Chimärismusdiagnostik aus peripherem Blut ergab einen Spenderanteil von 0,6%. Die Aufarbeitung der Lungenspenderanamnese (Z. n. Lebertransplantation 4 Tage vor Organspende, Transfusionen und Schwangerschaften) erhärteten den Verdacht eines „Passenger Lymphocyte Syndrome“ (PLS) mit den klinischen Symptomen einer Graft-versus-Host-Reaktion (GvHD). In den weiteren Wochen nach Transplantation verringerten sich die Signalstärken der empfängerspezifischen HLA-Antikörper und es konnten zu keinem Messzeitpunkt donorspezifische HLA-Antikörper nachgewiesen werden. Der Spenderanteil im peripheren Blut ging ebenfalls in der Verlaufskontrolle zurück. Zwölf Wochen nach Transplantation wurde die Patientin in die Rehabilitation entlassen. Anhand dieser Kasuistik soll darauf aufmerksam gemacht werden, dass die im Rahmen einer Lungentransplantation ebenfalls transplantierten immunkompetenten Spenderlymphozyten ein mitunter komplikationsreiches PLS mit den klinischen Zeichen einer GvHD verursachen können.
Common and well-documented Allele List: unverzichtbares Hilfsmittel für die moderne HLA-Typisierung
Authors: Lachmann Nils , Stauch Diana , Pruß Axel 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Typisierung der humanen Leukozytenantigene (HLA) vor Organ- und hämatopoetischer Stammzelltransplantation zur Beurteilung der Kompatibilität von Spender und Empfänger wird heutzutage in der Regel molekulargenetisch mittels Amplifikation, Hybridisierung oder Sequenzierung durchgeführt. Durch die exponentiell steigende Anzahl an neu entdeckten HLA-Allelen treten vermehrt Mehrdeutigkeiten, sogenannte Ambiguitäten, in der HLA-Typisierung auf, die aufgelöst werden müssen, um zu einem eindeutigen Ergebnis zu gelangen. Mithilfe kategorisierter Allelfrequenzen (häufig, gut dokumentiert und selten) in Form von CWD-Allellisten (CWD: common and well-documented) ist die In-silico-Auflösung von Ambiguitäten durch den Ausschluss seltener Allele als mögliches Ergebnis realisierbar. Ausgehend von einer amerikanischen CWD-Liste existieren derzeit auch eine europäische, deutsche und chinesische CWD-Liste, die jeweils regionale Unterschiede in den Allelfrequenzen erkennbar werden lassen. Durch die Anwendung von CWD-Allelfiltern in der klinischen HLA-Typisierung können Zeit, Kosten und Arbeitskraft eingespart werden.
PET/MR: aktuelle Einsatzmöglichkeiten in der onkologischen Diagnostik
Authors: Schaarschmidt Benedikt Michael , Quick Harald H. , Herrmann Ken , Umutlu Lale 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Positronenemissionstomografie/Magnetresonanztomografie (PET/MR) ist ein neues Hybridverfahren. Mit integrierten Hybridsystemen ist es möglich, funktionelle PET-Daten und morphologische und funktionelle MR-Daten gleichzeitig zu messen. Daher ergeben sich im Vergleich zu anderen Schnittbildverfahren deutliche Unterschiede, die insbesondere in der onkologischen Bildgebung zu beachten sind.
Risk of Neonatal Short-Term Adverse Outcomes Associated with Noninfectious Intrapartum Hyperthermia: A Nested Case-Control Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhu Hao , Wu Jiangnan , Yang Yijia , Li Xiaotian , Hu Rong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to identify risk factors for adverse neonatal outcomes in neonates born to mothers with noninfectious intrapartum hyperthermia.
Study Design A retrospective study was conducted of 460 singleton deliveries diagnosed with noninfectious intrapartum hyperthermia. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between ante- and intrapartum risk factors and neonatal outcomes.
Results The 460 singleton pregnant women were 19 to 43 years of age. They developed an intrapartum temperature of ≥37.5°C somewhere between 340/7 to 414/7 weeks' gestation; 437 (95%) were nulliparous. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was associated with positive pressure ventilation or intubation ventilation (odds ratio [OR] = 5.940, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.038–17.318), birth depression (OR = 6.288, 95% CI: 2.273–17.399), and wet lung (OR = 2.747, 95% CI: 1.322–5.709). Induction of labor with artificial rupture of membranes (AROM; OR = 2.632, 95% CI: 1.325–5.228) was associated with neonatal infections. Maternal temperature ≥ 38°C was associated with neonate's artery blood gas pH < 7.3 (OR = 2.366, 95%CI: 1.067–5.246) and wet lung (OR = 2.909, 95% CI: 1.515–5.586). Maternal elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) was associated with neonatal infections (OR = 1.993, 95% CI: 1.260–3.154) and wet lung (OR = 2.600, 95% CI: 1.306–5.178).
Conclusion Meconium-stained amniotic fluid, induction of labor, maternal temperature ≥ 38°C, and elevated CRP during labor were risk factors for adverse neonatal outcomes.
Privacy-centered design for social robots
Authors: Heuer Tanja , Schiering Ina , Gerndt Reinhard 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSocial robots as companions play an increasingly important role in our everyday life. However, reaching the full potential of social robots and the interaction between humans and robots requires permanent collection and processing of personal data of users, e.g. video and audio data for image and speech recognition. In order to foster user acceptance, trust and to address legal requirements as the General Data Protection Regulation of the EU, privacy needs to be integrated in the design process of social robots. The Privacy by Design approach by Cavoukian indicates the relevance of a privacy-respecting development and outlines seven abstract principle.In this paper two methods as a hands-on guideline to fulfill the principles are presented and discussed in the content of the Privacy by Design approach. Privacy risks of a typical robot scenario are identified, analyzed and solutions are proposed on the basis of theseven types of privacyand theprivacy protection goals.
Syntactic and semantic agreement in Eegimaa (Banjal)
Authors: Sagna Serge 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTypological research on agreement systems recognises syntactic and semantic agreement as the two main types of agreement, with the former considered to be more canonical. An examination of different manifestations of semantic agreement found in the Gújjolaay Eegimaa1noun class (non sex based gender) system is proposed in this paper from the perspective of Canonical Typology, and the findings are related to the Agreement Hierarchy predictions. The results show that Eegimaa has hybrid nouns and constructional mismatches which trigger semantically based agreement mismatches, both in gender and number between controller nouns and certain targets. This paper shows that Eegimaa has two main subtypes of semantic agreement: human semantic agreement and locative semantic agreement. The data and the analysis proposed here reveal novel results according to which these two types of semantic agreement behave differently in relation to the Agreement Hierarchy.
Linguistic units and their systems
Authors: Krekoski Ross 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA theoretical discussion of units in linguistic theory would be, in a sense, incomplete without a discussion of the systems, whether overt or implied, that the units are associated with. This paper traces conceptualizations of units and their accompanying systems in several disciplines. We identify some important problems with rule-based accounts (Parsons 1937) of social action and discuss the transition to non-rule-based theory afforded by ethnomethodology (e.g.Garfinkel 1963,1967;Heritage 1984,2011). We draw direct parallels between these issues and analogous developments in mathematical logic (Gödel 1992) and philosophy of mind (Fodor 1968,1983;Lucas 1961;Putnam 1960,1967etc.), and argue that these stem directly from fundamental properties of a class of all formal systems which permit self-reference. We argue that, since these issues are architectural in nature, linguistic theory which postulates that linguistic units are the outputs of a consistent, self-referential, rule-based formal systems (e.g.Hauser, Chomsky & Fitch 2002) will inevitably run into similar problems. This is further supported by examples from actual language use which, as a class, will elude any theoretical explanation grounded in such a system.
The naked truth about the Chamorro dual
Authors: Stolz Thomas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is argued that the traditional belief that the formal expression of the dual in Chamorro is restricted to intransitivity / low transitivity is inadequate since it precludes the possibility of accounting constructions in which the dual is also expressed in combination with transitive verbs. In the empirical part of the study, evidence of the recurrent violations of the intransitivity-based restrictions is discussed. It is shown that the dual is not excluded from transitive predicates. The dual is also firmly established in the realm of transitivity albeit only in the third person. In addition, the dual also exists in areas of Chamorro grammar for which it has hitherto been ignored. The hypothesis is put forward that the dual in the domain of transitivity is a diachronic innovation. The Chamorro facts are compared to those of Numic languages in North America.
Reconstitution of biosynthetic machinery of fungal natural products in heterologous hosts
Authors: Oikawa Hideaki 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTAscomycota and basidiomycota fungi are prolific sources of biologically active natural products. Recent genomic data and bioinformatic analysis indicate that fungi possess a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters for bioactive natural products but more than 90% are silent. Heterologous expression in the filamentous fungi as hosts is one of the powerful tools to expression of the silent gene clusters. This review introduces recent studies on the total biosynthesis of representative family members via common platform intermediates, genome mining of novel di- and sesterterpenoids including detailed cyclization pathway, and development of expression host for basidiomycota genes with efficient genome editing method. In addition, this review will discuss the several strategies, for the generation of structural diversity, which are found through these studies.
Time evolution in quantum systems: a closer look at student understanding
Authors: Passante Gina , Schermerhorn Benjamin P , Pollock Steven J , Sadaghiani Homeyra R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Time evolution of quantum systems has been shown to be one of the most difficult components of a typical undergraduate quantum mechanics course. In this work, we examine the current literature, and then take a closer look at the process that students use to determine how the quantum state of a spin-1/2 particle evolves with time. We divide the process of writing a time-dependent state into five elements and use these to both directly probe student understanding and guide our coding of student responses. We focus on three elements of this process, including knowledge of the Hamiltonian, the energy eigenstates and eigenvalues, and what basis should be used when writing the state as a function of time using the phase

e

−

i
E

n

t

/

ℏ

. Analysis of four exam questions given at three institutions suggests that knowledge of the energy eigenbasis and its importance for time evolution may be a weak point in student understanding.
Ordering on different length scales in liquid and amorphous materials
Authors: Salmon Philip S , Zeidler Anita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The ordering on different real-space length scales is considered for a variety of glass-forming materials, ranging from densely packed amorphous metals and hard-sphere glassy colloids, to simple tetrahedral systems that include amorphous silicon and patchy colloids, to decorated tetrahedral systems that include amorphous ice and network-forming glasses with the AX2 stoichiometry (A  =  Si, Ge or Zn; X  =  O, S, Se or Cl). The ordering manifests itself as distinct peaks in the total structure factor

, where k denotes the magnitude of the scattering vector, with positions k

i
(i  =  1, 2 or 3) that scale with the nearest-neighbour distance. Different length scales emerge with complexity of the bonding scheme. A peak at k
3 is a generic feature associated with nearest-neighbour contacts, and is therefore present in

for all of the materials. A second longer-length scale emerges as a peak at

if the bonding scheme assumes a directional character, leading to the formation of tetrahedral motifs in amorphous silicon and patchy colloids, or to Se–Se–Se chain segments in glassy selenium. A third still-longer-length scale appears for AX2 glasses as a first sharp diffraction peak at

, where the scaled peak position depends on the character of the local network of A atoms. The geometrical origin of the peaks in

and corresponding partial structure factors is considered, and equations are given for predicting the peak positions. The change in system fragility with the emergence of ordering on different length scales is discussed, along with the effect of pressure.