bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schneiderian membrane thickness variation following endodontic procedures: a retrospective Cone Beam Computed Tomography study
Authors: Munckhof Thera Van Den , Patel Shanon , Davies Alix , Berkhout Erwin , Foschi Federico , Mannocci Francesco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the changes of Schneider membrane thickness by CBCT pre and post root canal treatment, retreatment and pulp capping procedures. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on CBCT scans of a patient population of Guy’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London. Three groups of patients were studied: Group 1 consisted of patients referred for primary endodontic treatment; Group 2 for endodontic retreatment; Group 3 for indirect pulp capping procedures (serving as a control group). Follow up scans were carried out 1 year after treatment. Measurements were carried out on CBCT scans and data were analysed statistically by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Linear regression was used to assess predictive parameters for membrane thickness. Results: A statistically significant reduction of the Schneider membrane thickness was observed one year after endodontic treatment and retreatment (P<0.05) but no significant reduction was observed after pulp capping procedures. Linear regression showed that age and gender were significant predictors influencing the Schneider membrane thickness. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this retrospective study, following root canal treatment and re-treatment a Schneiderian membrane thickness reduction occurred at 1-year follow-up. The removal of odontogenic infection following endodontic treatment may help reducing the thickness of the Schneider membrane. Trial registration: Ethical approval and registration were granted by the NRES London Bridge and Dulwich Research Ethics Committee. TRN NCT03055975
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dental Caries of Permanent Teeth among 12-year-old Students in Guangdong, South China
Authors: Wu Linmei , Li Jianbo , Zhou Yueshan , Liang Yihao , Huang Shaohong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Analyses of factors related to dental caries in the population have been reported in some cities and provinces of China. However, large-scale field data evaluation at a provincial level is lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the factors related to caries in the permanent dentition of 12-year-old students in Guangdong province.MATERIALS/METHODS: Equal-sized groups of urban and rural students (960 of each) in Guangdong were selected by stratified, multistage random sampling with a gender ratio of 1:1. All participants were required to undergo an oral health examination. Information concerning the subjects’ family background, dietary habits and relevant oral health behaviour was collected in a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the factors related to dental caries. The independent variables included gender, residence, socio-economic status, dietary factors, and oral health measures, among others.RESULTS: Multivariate conditional logistic regressions showed that rural residence (odds ratio (OR)=1.676, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.350-2.080, P<0.001), female gender (OR =1.377, 95％CI: 1.115-1.701, P =0.003), frequent consumption of sugary snacks (≥ once a day vs. < once a day) (OR=1.484, 95%CI: 1.123-1.962, P =0.006), and calculus (OR =1.391, 95%CI: 1.122-1.724, P =0.003) were risk factors for dental caries, while the father’s education level (>9 years vs. ≤ 9 years) (OR=0.796, 95%CI: 0.638-0.993, P =0.043) was a protective factor.CONCLUSION: Rural residence, female gender, poor oral hygiene and frequent consumption of sugary snacks were the main risk factors for caries of the permanent teeth in 12-year-old students.
I Breathe, You Breathe, We Breathe: How a daily habitual movement appears as an action and grows into a gesture through listening
Authors: Persyn Leonie 
Published: December 2019

In this article I wonder whether the non-breath in-between inhalation and exhalation and inherent to breathing equals what Hannah Arendt calls a space of appearance. Can the non-breath be considered as a place where human plurality and the self emerge (Arendt 2015, 160-163)? Or in other words, can a daily and habitual movement like breathing provide the space for action to appear? Can our breathing act? And if so, do we speak (up) through our breathing? Through listening to the breathing bodies in Grey (Kinga Jaczewska, 2018), Toute une nuit and Rendez-vous d’Anna (Chantal Akerman, 1982 1978) I search for answers to these questions.
Choreographies of Dissent and the Politics of Public Space in State-of-Emergency Turkey
Authors: Bayraktar Sevi 
Published: December 2019

This article investigates a recent period in which dissenting activism has been shifted in Istanbul under the state of emergency (2016-2018). Based on an ethnography conducted with activists in feminist and LGBTQI+ demonstrations, anti-emergency decree vigils, and the Presidential Referendum protests, the study discusses how activists resist and undermine mobilization of violence through using the hegemonic tools of repression tactically, and choreographically. By employing Hannah Arendt’s concepts of “politics” and “isolation,” I examine that state agencies like the police forcefully disperse protesters and display authority, oppression, and occupation of public spaces by constantly creating an atmosphere of fear and insecurity. In opposition, dissenters practice and rehearse dispersal as a resilient choreography to once again relate each other against the forces of isolation. I suggest the term “tactics of dispersal” to define and analyze how activists depart from the central assembly of the social movement to create smaller, mobile, and ephemeral assemblies. In the city-scale, by scattering themselves in the city of Istanbul and mobilizing peripheries of the urban space, dissenters re-choreograph and subvert a thanatopolitical strategy of dispersal in favor of pluralism under political hardship. In the bodily-scale, activists claim the public sphere through the transience of folk dance. Whenever protesters depart from folk dance collectives to create new ones, they perpetually re-configure the area and initiate novel actions contingent upon their temporal and positional assessments during the dance. Such tactical applications of dispersal characterized by the smaller scale and transitory gatherings with ever-changing combinations of bodies at the peripheral space of urban activism manifest its great potential for collective agency and plural politics.
Smartphone Digital Image Using for Determination of DCH by a Diazotization Reaction
Authors: Abbas Ruba F. , Waheb Ali A. , Hami Howraa K. , Mahdi Neda I. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Simple, sensitive, and economic colorimetric device based on a smartphone
digital image coupled with Color Grab™ application was developed for DCH drug determination.
The method is based on the diazotization reaction of benzocaine with DCH drug to get an orange azo
dye.

Methods:
Variable parameters such as volumes of reagents, the internal walls and ambient light have
been analyzed and optimized. From the optimized conditions, a calibration curve was created by the
effective intensity (IG) of an orange azo dye, a correlation of determination is 0.999 and limit of detection
0.808 mg/L.

Results:
The results of the Smartphone method were statistically compared with the reference method
using a t-test and found to be a good agreement.

Conclusion:
This method requires neither solvent extraction and temperature control, also it has
achieved an extensive linear range and low limit of detection compared with different methods reported
in the literature.
TLBO-FLN: Teaching-Learning Based Optimization of Functional Link Neural Networks for Stock Closing Price Prediction
Authors: Nayak Sarat Chandra , Das Subhranginee , Ansari Mohammad Dilsad 
Published: December 2019

Background and Objective:
Stock closing price prediction is enormously complicated.
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are excellent approximation algorithms applied to this area.
Several nature-inspired evolutionary optimization techniques are proposed and used in the literature
to search the optimum parameters of ANN based forecasting models. However, most of them
need fine-tuning of several control parameters as well as algorithm specific parameters to achieve
optimal performance. Improper tuning of such parameters either leads toward additional computational
cost or local optima.

Methods:
Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) is a newly proposed algorithm which
does not necessitate any parameters specific to it. The intrinsic capability of Functional Link Artificial
Neural Network (FLANN) to recognize the multifaceted nonlinear relationship present in
the historical stock data made it popular and got wide applications in the stock market prediction.
This article presents a hybrid model termed as Teaching Learning Based Optimization of Functional
Neural Networks (TLBO-FLN) by combining the advantages of both TLBO and FLANN.

Results and Conclusion:
The model is evaluated by predicting the short, medium, and long-term
closing prices of four emerging stock markets. The performance of the TLBO-FLN model is
measured through Mean Absolute Percentage of Error (MAPE), Average Relative Variance
(ARV), and coefficient of determination (R2); compared with that of few other state-of-the-art
models similarly trained and found superior.
Explanation of Dry Liver Dystemperament (sue-mizaj) Concept in Iranian Traditional Medicine (Persian Medicine): A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hakimi Fatemeh , Movahhed Mina , Yaghmaei Farideh , Alipour Abbas 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Temperament (mizaj), prakruti and zheng are equivalent basic concepts
in different traditional medical schools. In Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM), Liver
distemperament is one of the liver diseases not yet objectively defined.

Objectives:
The present study aims to explain the concept of dry liver dystemperament in
Iranian Traditional Medicine.

Methods:
This study is a qualitative research based on a hybrid model of concept analysis.
In literature review, 11 major academic textbooks of PhD students of ITM as well as, recent
investigations were reviewed. In addition, 16 ITM experts were interviewed to collect empirical
data. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA10 software and categorized based on
conventional content analysis.

Result:
Here, dry dystemperament of the liver was classified into three main themes of systemic,
local, and Para-clinical symptoms and 10 categories. Phenotypic features, skin color,
dryness or stiffness in mucus, skin and subcutaneous tissue touch, general or gastrointestinal
dysfunction; especially thirst and systemic impressibility speed were the most important
clinical diagnostic criteria.

Conclusion:
In this study, a new definition was presented for dry liver dystemperament.
Based on the results, there were some scattered symptoms in textbooks, which were of the
same importance. However, in empirical phase, the experts of traditional medicine stated
that in clinical diagnosis, some signs or symptoms are more important for them. The concept
of dry liver dystemperament was classified into 10 categories which were the same as dysfunction
in 10 categories that mentioned for general temperament.
Estratégia e gestão do Poder Judiciário: uma proposta de estudo das práticas sociais relacionadas ao BSC
Authors: Sauerbronn Fernanda Filgueiras , Sauerbronn João Felipe Rammelt , Gangemi Pedro Paulo de Toledo , Fernandes Janaina de Mendonça 
Published: December 2019

O presente ensaio teórico apresenta uma argumentação favorável ao desenvolvimento de estudos que procurem compreender a prática social da estratégia (seus processos e reflexos) na administração pública brasileira, quando formulada a partir de modelos oriundos da iniciativa privada. A proposta é construída a partir de uma revisão do contexto de implantação do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) no Poder Judiciário brasileiro. O quadro de análise proposto incorpora contribuições da Teoria da Estruturação para o reconhecimento da inter-relação entre práticas sociais, praticantes e episódios de práxis. Por fim, os autores traçam considerações finais que ressaltam o potencial da perspectiva da prática social para se alcançar uma compreensão mais adequada do fazer estratégia nas diversas instâncias no Poder Judiciário brasileiro.
Analisis Zakat Produktif Terhadap Kesejahteraan Mustahik (Studi Pada Lembaga Amil Zakat Infaq Shodaqoh NU Yogyakarta)
Authors: Salam Abdul , Risnawati Desi 
Published: December 2019

<p><em>P</em><em>enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pengelolaan zakat produktif serta dampaknya terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan mustahik.</em></p><p><em>A</em><em>dapun metode penelitian yang peneliti gunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan penelitian </em><em>l</em><em>apangan. Informasi dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah LAZISNU Yogyakarta dan 42 mustahik yang menerima dana zakat. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi (observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi). Teknik analisis data penelitian ini melalui tiga tahapan yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan .</em></p><p><em>H</em><em>asil analisis menunjukan bahwa pengelolaan zakat produktif LAZISNU Yogyakarta tidak hanya menerima, mengumpulkan dan mendistribusikan dana zakat produktif, akan tetapi juga memberikan pengawasan dan pendampingan kepada mustahik. Sedangkan dampak kesejahteraan mustahik pada tingkat keluarga sejahtera I mencapai 38,5%, tingkat keluarga sejahtera II mencapai 28,5%, tingkat keluarga sejahtera III mencapai 16,5% dan tingkat keluarga sejahtera III Plus mencapai 16,5%.</em></p><p><strong><em>K</em></strong><strong><em>eywords : Zakat Produktif, Analisis Zakat, Kesejahteraan Mustahik</em></strong><strong></strong></p>
Pautas “para el acierto a los gobiernos”. Los derechos en el primer constitucionalismo mexicano (1821-1836)
Authors: Andrews Catherine 
Published: December 2019

<p>En este artículo se discute el reconocimiento que las primeras constituciones mexicanas dieron a los derechos naturales. Se señala que los mexicanos debatían acerca de dos modelos distintos en esta materia: el modelo liberal y el revolucionario iusnaturalista. A menudo, la historiografía del derecho insiste en identificar el origen de esta discusión en el Constituyente de 1842 o bien, en el de 1856. En este trabajo se sugiere que las raíces del debate en torno a los derechos estaban presentes en México desde la Independencia en 1821. </p>
Menjaga Netralitas ASN dari Politisasi Birokrasi (Protecting The ASN Neutrality From Bureaucracy Politicization)
Authors: Perdana Gema 
Published: December 2019

The neutrality of ASN and the politicization of the bureaucracy are still issues that need to be addressed immediately. This paper discusses the history of ASN neutrality arrangements; the influence of the bureaucratic politicization toward the ASN neutrality; and the role of KASN in manifesting the ASN neutrality. This paper is a result of a normative legal research, using the historical approach and statute approach. This paper is intended to contribute on the formulation of the ASN management that is free from the political intervention and works solely for the benefit of the nation and the state. In its history, the ASN’s neutrality was highly influenced by the inclination of the legislators. The public officials, whether from a political background or independent, should not place the ASN as a tool to maintain their power. The new institution of the State Civil Apparatus Commission (KASN) is expected to be able to maintain the quality of the implementation of the merit system. Furthermore, the regulations are needed in order to restrict the access of public officials to conduct abuse of authority, also provide the access to strict supervision from the parties including the ASN’s internal in order to be able to report any form of intervention. AbstrakNetralitas ASN dan politisasi birokrasi masih menjadi permasalahan yang perlu segera diatasi. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai sejarah pengaturan netralitas ASN; pengaruh politisasi birokrasi terhadap netralitas ASN; dan peran KASN untuk mewujudkan netralitas ASN. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian hukum normatif (normative legal research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach) dan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Tulisan ini bertujuan memberikan kontribusi dalam perumusan manajemen ASN yang bebas dari intervensi politik dan bekerja semata-mata untuk kepentingan bangsa dan negara. Dalam sejarahnya, netralitas ASN sangat dipengaruhi oleh keinginan dari pembentuk undang-undang. Pejabat publik, baik berasal dari politik ataupun independen, tidak seharusnya menempatkan ASN sebagai alat untuk mempertahankan kekuasaannya. Lembaga baru Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara (KASN) diharapkan mampu menjaga kualitas pelaksanaan sistem merit. Selanjutnya, diperlukan regulasi dalam rangka pengetatan akses pejabat publik untuk menyalahgunakan kewenangan, serta memberikan akses pengawasan yang ketat dari para pihak termasuk internal ASN untuk dapat melaporkan segala bentuk intervensi.
Constitutional Question: Alternatif Baru Pelindungan Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Melalui Concrete Review di Indonesia (Constitutional Question: New Alternative to Protect Citizen’s Constitutional Right From Concrete Review in Indonesia)
Authors: Nugraha Xavier , Frisa Katherina Ave Maria , Ramadhanty Safira Noor , Tanbun Elma Putri 
Published: December 2019

The authority of the Constitutional Court in the current regulations in Indonesia still does not fully protect the constitutional rights of the citizens. This is reflected by seeing that the examination that were accommodated only covered the abstract review (there were no concrete cases in the court). This condition causes the absence of legal remedies to resolve the issue of constitutionality of legal norms in the court (concrete review), even though often the issue of constitutionality of laws is precisely found in court proceedings. This research is a dogmatic legal research. The primary legal material usedis the Law of the Constitutional Court, whilst the secondary legal material consists of books, journals, and other relevant sourcesrelated to the issues discussed in this research. Based on this research, it was found that it is necessary to raise a constitutional question so that the Acts that are being examined can be annuled by the Constitutional Court and articles that are considered in contrary to the constitution cannot be used as a basis by the judge to decide related cases that being examined concretely. AbstrakWewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi yang ada dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia saat ini masih belum melindungi hak-hak konstitusional warga negara secara penuh. Hal ini tercermin dari pengujian yang diakomodasi hanyalah melingkupi abstract review (belum adanya kasus konkrit di pengadilan). Kondisi ini menyebabkan tidak adanya upaya hukum menyelesaikan persoalan konstitusionalitas norma hukum di pengadilan (concrete review), padahal sering kali persoalan konstitusionalitas undang-undang justru ditemukan dari proses di pengadilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dogmatik. Bahan hukum primer yang digunakan yaitu Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi, sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder terdiri dari buku, jurnal, dan sumber lain yang relevan dengan masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa perlu diterapkannya constitutional question supaya undang-undang yang diujikan dapat dibatalkan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dan pasal yang dinilai bertentangan dengan konstitusi tersebut tidak dapat dijadikan dasar oleh hakim untuk memutus terkait kasus yang diujikan secara konkrit.
Pengembalian Kerugian Keuangan Negara dari Pembayaran Uang Pengganti Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Dapatkah Optimal? (Return of State Financial Losses from The Payment of Substitute Money Corruption Criminal Act, Can It Be Optimal?)
Authors: Hikmawati Puteri 
Published: December 2019

In addition to being subject to principle criminal penalties, the defendant in a corruption case may be subject to additional criminal penalty, in the form of payment of replacement money. The article which resulting of the normative juridical research with this qualitative approach, review regarding the return of the state financial losses shall be paid from the payment of substitute money in corruption criminal act can it be optimal? In the discussion, the penalty payment of substitute money has been stipulated in Law No. 31 of 1999 on the Eradication of Corruption Crime as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001. The amount of payment of substitute money shall be if possible equal with the assets obtained from the criminal act of corruption. If the substitute money is not paid, then the convicted person shall be liable to a prison sentence whose duration does not exceed the maximum sentence of the principal sentence. Therefore, the returning of financial losses cannot be optimal. The amount of compensation state finances needs to be increased, by confiscating and seizing the assets/properties of the perpetrator. The law concerning assets deprivation shall be established as the legal basis for assets seizure resulting from corruption. AbstrakSelain dapat dijatuhi pidana pokok, terdakwa dalam perkara korupsi dapat dijatuhi pidana tambahan, berupa pembayaran uang pengganti. Artikel yang merupakan hasil penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini, mengkaji pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara dari pembayaran uang pengganti dalam tindak pidana korupsi dapatkah optimal?. Dalam pembahasan, pidana pembayaran uang pengganti telah diatur dalam UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi sebagaimana telah diubah dengan UU No. 20 Tahun 2001. Jumlah pembayaran uang pengganti sebanyak-banyaknya sama dengan harta benda yang diperoleh dari tindak pidana korupsi. Apabila uang pengganti tidak dibayar, maka terpidana dipidana dengan pidana penjara yang lamanya tidak melebihi ancaman maksimum dari pidana pokoknya. Oleh karena itu, pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara tidak dapat optimal. Jumlah pengganti kerugian keuangan negara perlu ditingkatkan, dengan melakukan penyitaan dan perampasan terhadap aset/harta kekayaan pelaku. UU Perampasan Aset perlu dibentuk sebagai dasar hukum perampasan aset dari hasil korupsi.