bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade Unions, Labour, and Politics in Zimbabwe since the Late 1990s
Authors: Raftopoulos Brian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the context of the deepening economic and political crisis in Zimbabwe from the late 1990s, the labour movement emerged as a key focus of both opposition mobilization and state repression. In the political narratives that emerged, the labour movement was caught between conflicting positions. On the one hand, the authoritarian nationalist and selective redistribution politics of the ruling party cast the movement as an agent of ‘regime change’. On the other, and in addition to its desire for a more equitable social contract on the economy, the labour movement cast itself as in pursuit of its long-held goals of political autonomy, civic participation, human rights, and broader democratic accountability of the state. In its pursuit of these goals, the trade unions faced major hurdles. These included persistent state coercion, the decimation of their membership pursuant to the rapid informalization of the economy from the early 2000s, the depletion of funding, internal divisions, and questions around their continued relevance as workers lost confidence in a predictable vision of the future. As in much of the global economy, trade unions in Zimbabwe had to confront the growing indeterminacy of their organizational future. These questions remain a central challenge for one of the great organizational legacies of the anti-colonial struggles.
Feminist archaeologies and gender studies
Authors: Fries Jana Esther , Gutsmiedl-Schümann Doris 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis chapter discusses the influence of feminist theories on theory construction, self-conception, and the public perception of archaeology and its various sub-disciplines. The theoretical foundations of gender archaeology are also considered. As there are many feminist theories as well as archaeologies, the chapter also summarizes what can be described as broad sets of overlaps, and to an extent simplifies the variety of different points of view. Feminist criticism as well as new questions, models, and methods based on it reached archaeology in the 1980s, later than the other humanities. Initial efforts could be classified as women’s studies that mostly aimed to balance a male-biased view of the past by adding a female view to it. Since the 1990s, the term ‘gender’ with its various aspects is the focus of discussion. The number, convertibility, and history of genders are also important topics. In addition, feminist archaeology focuses on archaeology’s own institutions, their social rules, their language, and their image, which are also linked to the gender expectations of the surrounding society. These aspects are also connected to the way images of the past are presented to the public, and which effects they have on gender discourses.
Perspective: Science policy through public engagement
Authors: Loureiro Rafael , Markovitch Omer , Riley Crystal S , Cleaves H James , Mogoșanu I Haritina , Paulino-Lima Ivan G , Marlow Jeffrey J , Som Sanjoy M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
While tensions may lie between science and policy, we argue that dissemination and public engagement are key in alleviating those perceived tensions. Science being valued by society results in fact-based policy-making being demanded by constituents. Constituents’ demands will yield representatives who are familiar with the scientific process and research to inform policy decisions.
RETINAL VASCULITIS, A COMMON MANIFESTATION OF IDIOPATHIC PEDIATRIC UVEITIS?
Authors: Yang Peizeng , Zhong Zhenyu , Su Guannan , Ye Xingsheng , Tan Shiyao , Li Fuzhen , Du Liping , Zhou Chunjiang , Cao Qingfeng , Wang Yao , Kijlstra Aize 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
Pediatric idiopathic uveitis typically shows anterior segment involvement. Whether retinal vasculitis is an important manifestation of this disease remains unknown and was therefore the subject of this study.

Methods:
This study was performed involving patients with pediatric idiopathic uveitis. Fundus fluorescein angiography was used to assess the presence of retinal vasculitis.

Results:
A total of 1,867 patients with pediatric uveitis were seen between December 2008 and January 2018, of whom 1,364 had undergone fundus fluorescein angiography examination. Idiopathic uveitis was the most common entity, accounting for 81.2%. Among these patients with idiopathic uveitis, 79.6% had retinal vasculitis in at least one eye. After 1-year treatment with oral prednisone mostly combined with cyclosporine, 76.3% patients in the retinal vasculitis group achieved control of their ocular inflammation, which was significantly lower as compared with 85.1% in those without (P = 0.008). Retinal vasculitis was an independent predictor for a lower probability of inflammation control after 1-year treatment. Visual function (best-corrected visual acuity > 20/25 in the better seeing eye) was worse in the retinal vasculitis group than in the control group after 5 years.

Conclusion:
Almost 80% of patients with pediatric idiopathic uveitis show manifestations of retinal vasculitis, which is associated with a lower probability of inflammation control resulting in a worse visual prognosis.
Modified Need for Trauma Intervention Criteria Reduces Cribari Trauma Overtriage Rate
Authors: Harrell Kevin N. , Spain Stephanie J. , Whiteaker Kayla A. , Poulson Jana L. , Barker Donald E. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-CoT) sets standards for appropriate trauma activation criteria. Overtriage and undertriage rates are traditionally determined by the Cribari matrix using the Injury Severity Score (ISS). In 2016, the Need for Trauma Intervention (NFTI) criteria were developed by Baylor University Medical Center to overcome weaknesses in the Cribari matrix methodology.

Methods:
A retrospective review of trauma triage rates was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019. Overtriage rates were calculated using the Cribari matrix and then further evaluated using modified NFTI (MNFTI) criteria. Overtriaged patients meeting MNFTI criteria were considered appropriately triaged and deleted from the overtriage category, and adjusted triage rates were determined. Demographic, injury, and outcome data were compared between MNFTI-positive and MNFTI-negative groups. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess for predictors of patient mortality.

Results:
Using the Cribari matrix, 248 patients were identified as overtriaged. Of these, 133 (53.6%) were found to meet MNFTI criteria. The average monthly overtriage rate was reduced from 55% using the Cribari matrix to 26% after applying the MNFTI criteria. Within the Cribari overtriage patient group, MNFTI-positive patients had significantly longer hospital length of stay (LOS) (3.7 vs. 6.0 days, p = .016), intensive care unit LOS (1.2 vs. 4.2 days, p < .001), and ventilator days (0.6 vs. 1.6 days, p = .002) than MNFTI-negative patients. A multivariable logistic regression analysis found that meeting any of the MNFTI criteria significantly increased the odds of mortality (OR = 10.38; 95% CI [3.87, 27.84], p < .001).

Conclusions:
Discharge ISS may not accurately reflect the patient's acuity on presentation. Applying MNFTI criteria to the Cribari matrix improved overtriage rates and may more accurately reflect need for full trauma team activation. Patients meeting MNFTI criteria had worse outcomes overall and had a 10-fold increase in the odds of mortality.
Effect of myrtol on chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Liu Liyun , Li Shuiqin , Wu Yongcan , Wang Xiaomin , Huang Demei , Pei Caixia , Wang Fei , Wang Zhenxing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
The key to the management of chronic obstructive (CB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is to control symptoms of the disease and to prevent deterioration in the health of affected patients. Myrtol has been proved to be effective in treating the symptoms of patients with CB and COPD and preventing the deterioration in their health. However, there has been no systematic review of the efficacy and safety of myrtol in the treatment of CB or COPD. The purpose of this study is going to evaluate the effects of myrtol on the management of CB or COPD based on randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
Electronic literature and other ongoing studies will be searched before November 31, 2019. Randomized controlled trials that report the use of myrtol in the treatment of CB or COPD (in the absence and presence of concurrent treatments) will be selected for inclusion regardless of language. Primary outcomes will include cumulative numbers of exacerbation events and the number of days of disability including days in bed, days off work due to breathing complications, and days on which the participant was unable to undertake normal activities due to breathing complications. Study selection, data extraction, and deviation the derivation risk assessment will be carried out by 2 independent investigators. Meta-analysis will be carried out by the RevMan5.3 software.

Results:
The study will provide summary results for estimating the efficacy and safety of myrtol for future treatments of CB or COPD.

Conclusions:
This systematic review will determine if myrtol is an effective and a safe intervention on the symptoms and the prevention of exacerbation of CB or COPD.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval will not be required for this study because no identifying patient data will be used. The review will be published as an article or a conference presentation in a peer-reviewed journal.

Registration:
OSF registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/PXRBV
Coping strategies adopted by Iranian families of children with Down syndrome
Authors: Gashmard Roqayeh , Ahmadi Fazlollah , Kermanshahi Sima Mohammad Khan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the leading cause of intellectual disability. Previous quantitative studies have examined the effects of DS on families of children with DS. This study explored the coping strategies adopted by the families of children with DS. This was a qualitative content analysis study, in which the participants were selected using purposive sampling from the families of children with DS. Semi-structured interviews were performed and collected data were analyzed. A total of 20 family members (10 mothers, 6 fathers, 2 brothers, and 2 sisters) were interviewed. Six categories were extracted in this study, namely “searching for information,” “paying attention to children's healthcare needs,” “concentration on spirituality,” “teaching socially appropriate behavioral skills,” “efforts to increase self-reliance in children,” and “development of family support circle.” The participating families were able to use positive adaptive mechanisms and cope well with the problems associated with having a child with DS. However, they still needed more support from healthcare providers and support organizations. Receiving more support from healthcare providers, such as nurses, can help them in better management of their children.
Retrograde recanalization of native right coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) through left coronary artery CTO after bypass graft failure
Authors: Qin Qing , Ma Jianying , Ge Junbo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
With the development and standardization of modern chronic total occlusions (CTOs) recanalization technique, percutaneous coronary intervention has become a promising treatment alternative to surgery after bypass graft failure. Treatment of a native coronary CTO lesion is preferable to treatment of a saphenous vein graft (SVG) CTO supplying the same territory; however, technical expertise is required.

Patient concerns:
This is a 69-year-old male with prior history of coronary artery bypass grafting presented with severe dyspnea at mild exertion (NYHA III) of 2 months duration.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed as heart failure caused by ischemia after SVG failure (SVG to right coronary artery) according to electrocardiogram, plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and coronary angiogram.

Interventions:
We recanalized native right coronary artery CTO by retrograde approach using septal collaterals by surfing technique after recanalization of totally occluded left coronary artery.

Outcomes:
Dyspnea was relieved at discharge. At 6-month follow-up, the patient had no recurrence of dyspnea.

Lessons:
In case of SVG failure, percutaneous coronary intervention of native vessel should be considered as a treatment option. Retrograde approach through native vessel is safe but has requirements for operators’ volume, skill, and experience.
A novel surgical approach for en-bloc resection laparoscopic total pancreatectomy
Authors: Cai Yunqiang , Gao Pan , Peng Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Laparoscopic total pancreatectomy (LTP) is technical challenging and rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we introduced a safe and feasible approach to perform LTP basing on our own experience.
Over the period of July 2015 to August 2018, we performed 13 cases of LTP at our institution. Demographic characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative variables, and follow-up outcomes were prospectively collected. The surgical procedures were also described in this study.
Seven male and six female patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 51 years (range 29–79 years). The median operative time was 355 minutes (range 300–470 minutes). The median estimated blood loss was 200 mL (range 50–1000 mL). The median postoperative hospital stay was 17 days (range 12–23 days). One patient suffered from bile leakage and another patient suffered from delayed gastric emptying. Both patients cured with conservative therapy.
Laparoscopic total pancreatectomy can be safely and feasibly performed in well-selected patients.
The level of GNE and its relationship with behavioral phenotypes in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Yang Xiaolei , Li Hongjie , Ge Jie , Chao Hong , Li Gang , Zhou Zhongguang , Liu Jicheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious nervous system disease, and the cause is not known. Sialic acid (SA) is an indispensable nutrient for early brain development. In previous study, it was found that the SA level of ASD group was lower than that of control group. However, the reason for this has not well explained. A case-control study was conducted to understand the association between the SA synthase enzyme regulatory gene and ASD. The study sample included 65 ASD children and 64 healthy children. The levels of the GNE gene were measured, which encodes UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE), a key enzyme in SA biosynthesis. The symptom severity, intelligence development level, and behavioral performance of ASD children were estimated. There was a significant difference in the levels of GNE between the ASD and control groups (t = 2.028, P = .045). Moreover, the levels of GNE were negatively related to stereotypical behaviors according to the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) assessment (r = −0.386, P = .039). However, there is no the correlation between the levels of GNE and autistic severity. As evaluated through the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), the levels of GNE were negatively associated with autistic mannerisms scores, social cognition scores and SRS total scores in the children with ASD (r = −0.314, P = .020). These results indicate that the GNE gene may be associated with autism spectrum disorder, and it is also related to autistic behavioral performance, such as stereotypical behaviors, autistic mannerisms, and social cognition ability. Our data suggest that future studies to explore the causal relationship between GNE and the etiology of ASD may be needed.
Assessment of pain and structure after an intra-articular injection of adalimumab in osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Vasudeva Abhimanyu , Yadav Shiv Lal , Nanda Srishti , Sahu Samantak 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mediated inflammation has been implicated, in knee osteoarthritis, despite being a predominantly degenerative condition.

Patient Concerns:
A 56-year old female, a case of left knee pain not responding to conventional conservative strategies.

Diagnosis:
A diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis of the left knee, grade 3 osteoarthritis as per the Kellgren-Lawrence Scale was established.

Interventions:
She was administered an intra-articular injection of 10 mg of Adalimumab, a commonly used anti-TNF agent.

Outcomes:
The patient was evaluated at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and at 6 months. There was a marked improvement in pain intensity (visual analog scale) and quality of life, despite no objective change on the parameters seen on ultrasound of the knee.

Conclusion:
Injection of adalimumab via the intra-articular route into the knee joint in primary osteoarthritis yields promising results.
Reliability of digital PCR in detecting KRAS mutation in colorectal cancer using plasma sample
Authors: Ye Peng , Cai Peiling , Xie Jing , Zhang Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Test on the KRAS somatic mutation status is necessary before cetuximab and panitumumab treatments are given to colorectal cancer patients. Metastatic colorectal cancer patients sometimes lack tumor tissue samples, and the testing of KRAS mutation in plasma samples requires highly sensitive methods.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of digital PCR in detecting KRAS mutation in plasma samples of colorectal cancer patients.

Data sources:
Literature research was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.

Study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions:
Database searching found 188 relevant studies. After removing duplicates, eligible studies were selected from 151 publications using the following exclusion criteria:

Study appraisal and synthesis methods:
Data were extracted from the eligible studies by 2 independent researchers. Pooled accuracy parameters were calculated from those extracted data using Meta-DiSc and STATA software.

Results:
Twelve eligible studies were selected for the systematic review and meta-analysis. After calculation, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.86) and 0.91 (95%CI: 0.88–0.93), respectively. Pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 7.30 (95%CI: 4.78–11.17), 0.22 (95%CI: 0.15–0.32), and 41.00 (95%CI: 21.07–79.78), respectively. Area under curve of the summarized ROC curve was 0.9322.

Limitations:
Although no significant bias was identified, number of included studies was still quite small, especially in subgroup analysis.

Conclusions and implication of key findings:
Digital PCR showed high accuracy and could be a reliable detection method for KRAS mutation in plasma samples. Large-cohort prospective study is required to further confirm the usefulness of digital PCR in KRAS mutation detection.
The association between sleep duration and prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Ranlu , Wu Shangrong , Zhang Baoling , Guo Mingyu , Zhang Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The association between sleep duration and prostate cancer (PCa) risk is still unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore if sleep duration is associated with PCa in men.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in November 2019 based on the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. After extracting the data, the random effects model was used to calculate the pooled Risk Ratio (RR) and it's 95% confidence interval (CI) to represent the correlation between sleep duration and PCa risk.
Overall, we included 6 studies in our meta-analysis. Our pooled results showed that neither short sleep (RR = 0.99; 95%CI:0.91-1.07, P = .74) nor long sleep (RR = 0.88; 95%CI:0.75-1.04, P = .15) was associated with the risk of PCa.
Sleep duration has no significant effect on PCa risk. Long sleep may have a potential protective effect on PCa incidence.
Neurodevelopmental delay according to severity of deformational plagiocephaly in children
Authors: Kim Dong Han , Kwon Dong Rak 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of neurodevelopmental delay among deformational plagiocephaly (DP) children, and to confirm relationship between neurodevelopmental delay and severity of DP.
This study is retrospective study. Five hundred thirteen children who visited for abnormal head shape through outpatient department were recruited. To identify the children with neurodevelopmental delay among the 513 children with DP, Denver Development Screening Test (DDST) was performed in 38 children who suspected of neurodevelopmental delay. Cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) was measured by using caliper, and cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) was calculated. Thirty eight children with DP who conducted DDST were divided into 2 groups according to the degree of CVA; group 1 included 21 children with CVA under 10 mm, and group 2 included 17 children with CVA over 10 mm.
There was a significant difference in number of neurodevelopmental delay between group 1 (n = 7) and group 2 (n = 14) (P < .05). Mean grade of DP, CVA, and CVAI (1.76 ± 0.44, 5.90 ± 2.21 mm, 4.20 ± 1.51%) in group 1 was smaller than that in group 2 (3.41 ± 0.8, 12.71 ± 3.22 mm, 8.83 ± 2.18%), respectively (P < .05).
Our results found that the frequency of developmental delay was significantly increased in children with CVA more than 10 mm. Doctors who take care of children with DP had better keep developmental delays in mild.
Cervus and cucumis peptides combined umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Qi Tao , Gao Hongxiang , Dang Yazheng , Huang Shigao , Peng Minfei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cervus and cucumis peptides (Lugua polypeptides, LG) are traditional Chinese medicine, which are active components of polypeptide extracted from Sika deer bone and melon seed, and they contain bone induced polypeptide biological factors. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, (UC-MSC) have tissue repair multiple effects, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation function, which become a very promising start in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Hence, LG combined UC-MSC can significantly enhance the UC-MSC treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
To explore the clinical curative effect and therapeutic mechanism of LG combined UC-MSC for treating RA.
119 patients were divided into control and treatment groups, and both groups were treated with methotrexate tablets, leflunomide, and UC-MSC. But, LG were added to the treatment group. In vitro, the effects of LG on UC-MSC cell secretion of anti-inflammatory factors were also performed.
The Health Assessment Questionnaire; the 28 joint disease activity score; C reactive protein; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate; rheumatoid factor; and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were significantly reduced in treatment group 1 year after treatment (P < .05). In vitro, compared with the control group, the number of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein (TSG6) increased significantly (P < .05).
LG combined UC-MSCs can significantly improve the curative effect of RA patients, while LG may reduce inflammatory cytokines, regulate immunity, improve microcirculation, and are conducive to UC-MSCs migration and the repair of damaged tissue.