bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ENFORCEMENT OF STATE FEES IN ECONOMIC COURTS: A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Nuriddinov Rukhiddin O’g’li Jasur 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Evaluate the state duty system in economic courts in Uzbekistan, with a focus on its impact on the affordability and accessibility of legal services. The study explores the financial barriers that individuals and businesses, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), face when navigating economic disputes in the judicial system. Method: The study employs a comparative-legal approach, utilizing logical, empirical, and specific scientific methods tailored to legal studies. It involves analyzing existing legal frameworks through comparison with practices in neighboring countries, such as Russia and Kazakhstan, using both qualitative and quantitative analysis to understand the differences in state duty structures and enforcement mechanisms. Results: The current state duty system in Uzbekistan is significantly higher than in neighboring countries, creating financial burdens for SMEs and individuals. The research reveals that while economic courts are essential for ensuring justice, the high state fees, coupled with a lack of flexibility in fee structures, make access to justice more difficult, particularly for smaller businesses. The study suggests potential reforms, such as introducing caps on state fees and adopting more flexible fee structures similar to those in Russia and Kazakhstan, which could improve accessibility and fairness. Novelty: This research offers a unique contribution by comparing Uzbekistan’s economic court fee structure with those of neighboring countries, providing insights into the potential benefits of adopting foreign legal practices to enhance judicial accessibility. Additionally, it presents practical recommendations for reforming the state duty system, a topic that has been relatively underexplored in the context of post-Soviet legal systems.
Assessment of Some Heavy Metals Concentration and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Water from Bade and Jakusko LGAs of Yobe State
Authors: Katuzu, M. I.  , S. A. Kiyawa  , M. D. Saeed  
Published: December 2024

The contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by heavy metals and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has raised significant global environmental and public health concerns. Heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and mercury (Hg) are persistent in the environment and can bioaccumulate in living organisms. Similarly, PFAS are synthetic chemicals widely used in industrial and consumer products. This study evaluates the concentrations of heavy metals and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water samples from Bade and Jakusko Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Yobe State, Nigeria. The research highlights the contamination of aquatic systems by heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb), as well as PFAS, which includes compounds like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Water samples from selected wards in both LGAs were analyzed, and their concentrations were compared with standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO), the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Results reveal alarming levels of heavy metals, particularly lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), which exceeded permissible limits in all sampled locations. PFAS concentrations, though lower than heavy metals, occasionally surpassed EPA-recommended levels for PFOA. For instance, lead levels reached 53.71 mg/L in Katuzu, Bade, and 61.77 mg/L in Katamma, Jakusko, far exceeding the permissible limit of 0.01 mg/L. Similarly, PFOA concentrations in some wards exceeded EPA guidelines, suggesting potential risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The findings highlight significant environmental and public health implications, emphasizing the urgent need for remediation strategies, improved waste management, and enforcement of water quality standards in these regions.
Efektivitas Penerapan Hukum Acara Pidana dalam Menjamin Keadilan Bagi Terdakwa dan Korban
Authors: Dwi Putri Melati  , Bagus Setiadi  
Published: December 2024

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of criminal procedural law in ensuring justice for defendants and victims. Criminal procedural law has an important role in ensuring that the defendant's rights, such as the presumption of innocence and the right to self-defense, are fulfilled. On the other hand, this law must also protect the rights of victims, including providing justice and adequate recovery. However, in practice, there are various challenges that hinder its implementation, such as wrongful arrest, manipulation of the legal process, and lack of sensitivity towards victims. Using normative research methods, this study analyzes statutory regulations, legal doctrine, and concrete cases to assess the effectiveness of criminal procedural law. The research results show that the implementation of criminal procedural law in Indonesia still faces various obstacles, such as weak implementation of fair trial principles, slow legal processes, and lack of professionalism of law enforcement officials. This condition makes it difficult to achieve a balance of justice for the defendant and victim. This research recommends reforming the legal system, increasing the capacity of the apparatus, and strengthening victim protection mechanisms as an effort to increase the effectiveness of criminal procedural law in ensuring substantive justice.
Municipal Management Model to Minimize Physical Gender Violence Against Women Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Villalta Mgs. Leonardo Orleans Labre , Gavilanes Mgs. Luis Antonio Villalta , Llongo Abg. Angel Rodolfo Pilco , Llauce Dra. Cecilia Teresita de Jesús Carbajal 
Published: December 2024

This systematic review aims to analyze the influence of a municipal management model to minimize physical gender violence against women. The seriousness of this problem is highlighted in the Latin American context, where cultural and socioeconomic factors aggravate the situation, mainly in Ecuador. This study focuses on how municipal management models can influence the prevention and attention of physical gender violence. The PRISMA method was used to structure the review, analyzing relevant literature from 2019 to 2023 in databases such as Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, Erih Plus, Latindex and the University César Vallejeo. The results found indicate that physical gender violence, which includes attacks such as hitting and pushing, is deeply rooted in social structures that perpetuate male domination. Likewise, other findings indicate that management models that encourage citizen participation are more effective in designing public policies that address the specific needs of women. However, significant obstacles were identified, such as the lack of resources and training, that prevent an adequate response to this problem. The review concludes that it is essential to strengthen municipal management models and promote a comprehensive approach that addresses gender violence and implements concrete actions to guarantee a safe environment free of violence for all women.
Evaluating Primary School Teacher Professional Development Programmes in Zimbabwe: Pre-Service Student Teacher’s Views
Authors: Mufanechiya Albert , Kanyopa Theresia Joakim , Mokhele-Makgalwa Matseliso 
Published: December 2024

Teacher education conversation is a critical focus area given its distinctive contribution to nation building. The study explores pre-service student teachers’ perceptions of the college and university teacher preparation practices. One aspect that has remained contested, and with competing ideas in the teacher education discourse in Zimbabwe is the quality and effectiveness of the programmes by two teacher education institutions. In this phenomenological study, we conveniently sampled twenty pre-service primary teacher students, ten from each institution. The design allowed us to focus on what and how the pre-service students experienced the teacher development programmes at institutions and the sense they made of those experiences. Focus group discussions with two sets of student participants and complemented by non-participant observation were data collection instruments. The key finding of the study is that the pre-service student teachers believe that the current professional development programmes do not adequately address their needs and challenges due to gaps in curricula, theory and practice and institutional and government support systems. The study recommends the need to come up with one primary teacher professional development system that considers the strengths from each of the two models in existence. The study contributes to the broad discourses on teacher development in Zimbabwe highlighting the need to identify the programmes’ strengths, areas of improvement, and informed decisions on appropriate pre-service student teacher support, learning and professional growth.
危脆生命
Authors: Butler Judith 
Published: December 2024

某些影像不得在媒體出現，某些死者名字不為人所談論
某些逝去不被承認為逝去，而去現實化的暴力則四處散播

危脆生命（precarious life），即歿於戰爭而不可弔唁的生命、被永久囚禁的生命。這些生命被驅逐出共同體與公共領域領域、不足以被視為「人類」，因而被褫奪獲得正當法律審訊的基本人權，甚至不可公開承認殞沒、不可傷逝。到底是甚麼力量，令這些生命被如斯對待？

當異議被攻擊為仇恨言論、鏡頭只對準被視為「勝利象徵」的臉、批判中的真善被拒絕、人類肉身的脆弱被掩埋、現實的暴力失去實感，在人類的危脆與危脆創造意義的能力當中重新發現「人類」，就是我們當前必須回應的義務。

和平就是覺悟到他者的危脆性
倖存者言：九位童年性侵倖存者口述故事
Authors:   風雨蘭
Published: December 2024

有研究指，香港每七名女性，便有一名曾遭受性暴力之害，但只有少於十份一人會向外求助，更遑論將經歷披露於人前。幸得九位童年性侵倖存者敢於受訪發言，本書得以記述她們的生命故事。《倖存者言》除了載有她們受害的經歷，更重要的是寫下了她們如何面對創傷，如何在創傷中過好現在的生活。

九位倖存者，橫跨五十後至〇〇後，侵犯者卻無獨有偶都是熟人，難以想像的是當中八個個案的侵犯者是家人和親屬。儘管成長於不同年代，書中受訪者卻不約而同地面對相似的家庭困局，求助歷程屢遭挫折，幸亦偶遇小確幸。童年遺留下來的難題，使她們扛着倖存者的身份，在走走停停的療癒路上繼續書寫未來的人生故事。

過去二十年，風雨蘭一直致力為受害人提供輔導及支援，亦在教育和政策倡議上不遺餘力。本書則是其中一條教育的途徑，引導兒童及青少年認識性暴力，並讓大眾──尤其是家長──了解相關知識，培養同理心，減少社會對受害人的二度傷害。
The Distributions of Six Cryptic Reptile Species in the Perth Region, Western Australia: Appraising Their Persistence in a Transforming Landscape
Authors: He Forrest 
Published: December 2024

Significant and ongoing land clearing within the Perth region has resulted in severe declines in its rich herpetofauna diversity over the last several decades, with many species experiencing widespread extirpations. Several species have since become extremely rare and are confined to a handful of locations; whether or not some species even continue to persist in the region is ambiguous, due to a lack of recent records. The aims of this study are to examine contemporary occurrences of Brachyurophis fasciolatus fasciolatus, Ctenotus gemmula, Delma concinna concinna, Diplodactylus polyophthalmus, Lerista christinae and Lucasium alboguttatum in the Perth region. These records suggest that the distribution of the species have declined here in recent decades. Further survey-work is required to address knowledge gaps in their current distributions, in order to identify remaining populations and conserve locally significant species, which may continue to persist in localities bearing sufficient habitat. Targeted surveys are most suited for this task, with heavy focus on historical collection sites and under-surveyed expanses of habitat. [Editor’s note: Grey literature listed in the Appendix is denoted in the text by an asterisk]
Insertion Loss Value Dependency of the Low Height Noise Barriers Distance From Railway Track
Authors: Tumavičė Aja , Žalimienė Laura 
Published: December 2024

Railway noise can negatively affect both people’s health and the value of their real estate. Various noise mitigation measures can be used on the railways. One of them is a noise barrier. Under certain conditions, low-noise barriers can be used to mitigate noise along the rails. Such barriers are installed closer to the railway track than regular noise barriers, which mitigate the noise generated by the wheel-rail interaction. In some cases, the gauge at which structures at railway tracks can be installed is limited; thus, this research was carried out to determine which parameters of low noise barriers were most effective dependent on the distance of the track. The aim of the research was to determine which parameters the low noise barrier would be effective at a longer distance from the railway track compared to existing practice. A railway track noise simulation (existing situation without a noise barrier and with a 3.5 m height noise barrier located 4.0 m from the railway track) was developed. The insertion loss of noise barriers was carried out using the Computer Aided Noise Abatement (CadnaA) software. Numerical noise level simulation was done at a distance of 7.5 m and 45 m from the axis of the railway tracks and various speeds of rolling stock from 50 to 250 km/h. The noise level and insertion loss were calculated at different heights from the top of the railway track (1.5 m, 3.5 m, and 5.5 m). It was established that the speed of the rolling stock had almost no influence on the insertion loss of the noise barrier. Therefore, all additional barriers were simulated at the same rolling stock speed of 250 km/h.
Determination of Degradation and Compressive Strength of Polyurethane Resin Applied for Bridge Abutment
Authors: Skuodis Šarūnas , Dirgėlienė Neringa , Zakarka Mindaugas , Vasiliauskienė Dovilė 
Published: December 2024

This study is carried out in order to review the deformation properties, strength, applications and suitability of polyurethane resin as a ground improvement method applied for bridge abutment construction. Since it is applied in the ground, awareness on polyurethane degradation needs to be emphasised. Deformation properties were determined for resin injections before and after degradation. The degradation of samples was studied by exposure to gasoline, diesel, oil, NaCl salt solutions with different concentrations (59, 193 and 301 kg/m3) and a mixture of fungi. After the degradation tests, compressibility tests were also performed. The use of resin as a ground improvement method has several advantages over conventional methods. The information presented enables road and bridges engineers and construction professionals to make competent decisions about implementing this innovative technique in the projects.
Study of TRAF3IP3 for prognosis and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xing , Gao Xin , Liu Airu , Qin Yan , Ni Zhi-Yu , Zhang Xiao Lan 
Published: December 2024

Background
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3)-interacting protein 3 (TRAF3IP3) expressed in various tumor cell. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between TRAF3IP3 and HCC and explore the potential role of TRAF3IP3 in HCC.

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), KM-Plotter, University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), and Xiantao Academic Online Website were utilized for the systematic analysis of TRAF3IP3. This analysis included mRNA expression, protein expression, prognostic value, enrichment analysis, and immune cell infiltration in HCC. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression levels of TRAF3IP3 in both cancer and non-cancer tissues of patients with HCC.

Results
Analysis of public databases and immunohistochemical staining on 20 pairs of samples confirmed a decrease in TRAF3IP3 expression in HCC. Both the TCGA database and GSE14520 indicated that patients with high TRAF3IP3 expression had a more favorable prognosis in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free interval (PFI), as shown by KM curve results. Multivariate Cox regression analysis further demonstrated that high TRAF3IP3 expression was an independent protective factor for HCC prognosis (hazard ratio (HR): 0.619, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.399–0.959]; p < 0.05). In the high TRAF3IP3 expression group, various immune response-related molecular pathways, particularly B lymphocyte-mediated pathways, were activated. The level of TRAF3IP3 expression showed a significant correlation with the presence of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between immunophenoscore (IPS) and TRAF3IP3 expression. Notably, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs, such as lapatinib and mitomycin, was inversely associated with TRAF3IP3 expression in HCC patients.

Conclusion
TRAF3IP3 may be as a novel and promising biomarker for prognosis prediction and immunological evaluation of HCC.
Aquecedor Solar de Baixo Custo: Uma Tecnologia Social para a Sustentabilidade e Educação Ambiental
Authors: Cunha Luis Guilherme Gonçalves , Floriani Nicolas 
Published: December 2024

Resumo:
O conceito de Tecnologias Sociais (TS) tem ganhado importância como uma abordagem inovadora para enfrentar desafios socioambientais em comunidades de baixa renda. O Aquecedor Solar de Baixo Custo (ASBC) é um exemplo de TS que promove o uso de energia solar por meio de materiais acessíveis como garrafas PET e canos de PVC. Este estudo analisa o impacto do ASBC no contexto educacional, ambiental e econômico, com base em um projeto realizado em Ponta Grossa, Paraná. O projeto envolveu oficinas educativas que capacitaram os participantes a construírem o ASBC e entenderem seus princípios científicos. Os resultados demonstram uma significativa redução no consumo de energia elétrica e uma conscientização crítica sobre o uso de recursos renováveis. Além disso, o estudo aponta para os desafios de replicabilidade da tecnologia em outras comunidades devido a limitações financeiras e acesso a materiais. Conclui-se que o ASBC é uma ferramenta eficaz de alfabetização científica e tecnológica, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento sustentável e a inclusão social.

Palavras-chave: Tecnologias Sociais, Aquecedor Solar de Baixo Custo, Educação Ambiental.
Observed Learning Outcomes of the 2010 Social Studies Curriculum Implementation: Views from Asante Akim North District, Ghana
Authors: Opoku-Afriyie Prince , Ochour Benjamin Kwabena , Bordoh Anthony , Eshun Isaac 
Published: December 2024

This study assessed the alignment between learners' intended and actual outcomes in implementing the 2010 Senior High School (SHS) Social Studies curriculum. It used Stake’s Countenance Evaluation Model to determine whether or not the subject has achieved its objectives. The study utilised a mixed-method approach with a concurrent triangulation design. The research was conducted in the Asante Akim North District of the Ashanti Region of Ghana. This involved all Social Studies teachers and students in the district. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed, with a sample size of 120 participants, including 100 students and 20 teachers. Data collection instruments include questionnaires, interview guides, focus group discussion guides and documentary analysis. Quantitative data were processed, organised, and analysed to conclude, with findings presented in tables and percentages, accompanied by verbal interpretations for clarity. Qualitative responses were categorised into themes, and direct quotes were sometimes used to support the findings. The study revealed that learners had been inculcated with the relevant skills, knowledge, values and positive attitudes to prevent and solve their problems; however, students portrayed an inability to extend this knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes to solve societal issues. From the findings, the study recommended that the district education directorate should organise in-service training for teachers teaching Social Studies to re-orient on the goals and general objectives of the subject. This will help teachers focus on teaching the subject by stressing the goals and general objectives so students can understand Social Studies’ essence.
Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-α as a Diagnostic Marker for Chronic Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Ghodran Khalid Ibrahem Husein Al , Dessouki Amina Ali , Abdelrazek Heba M. A. , Badran Dahlia Ibrahim , Gad Emad M. 
Published: December 2024

Background: diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic main microvascular consequence of untreated hyperglycemia, affects a significant portion of the population. It's thought to be the main factor causing end-stage kidney disease. TNF-α is involved in the development and course of disease in DN.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate plasma TNF-α as a new diagnostic marker for early DN.
Patients and Methods: This study included 125 Egyptian subjects attending the out Patients Clinic of the Department of Internal Medicine, 10Th of Ramadan city Health Insurance Hospital and divided as follow:- Control group , Study groups( patient with diabetic mellitus (DM),DN, DN and other complications).
Control& study group were subjected to measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, F.B.G, GFR ,HDL, LDL, ALT, AST, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, HDL, LDL, ACR,TNF-α.
Results: results showed that plasma TNF-α was positive and significantly correlated with BMI, duration of DM, F.B.G, HbAIC, CR, GFR, CHOL, HDL, LDL, AST, A/G ratio, Meanwhile, plasma TNF-α was negatively correlated with ACR, TG, ALT, ALB, TP and GLB.
At cut-off level ≥83.5, TNF-α had 96.7% sensitivity and 79.7% specificity for diagnosing diabetic nephropathy.
Conclusion: The study found that patients in study group had considerably higher plasma levels of TNF-α. This suggests that TNF-α May be used as a markers for predicting chronic DN in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Sustainable Crop Production for Environmental and Human Health – The Future of Agriculture
Authors: Mustafa Maysoun A. , Mateva Kumbirai I. , Massawe Festo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Producing crops sustainably is of enormous benefit. Sustainable crop production seeks to produce healthy food while taking care of the environment by working harmoniously with nature to minimise unsustainable demands on natural resources and the use of harmful chemical inputs. Over the years, crop production has gradually intensified, and our current food production model has been detrimental to the environment. Industrial agriculture has been implicated on a number of negative environmental impacts including anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, biodiversity loss, water pollution, just to mention a few. Sustainable crop production refers to practices that minimise harmful impacts to the environment and maximise the quality of our food. It not only deals with soil health, integrated pest management and reduction in usage of pesticides but also ensures quality and safe food. Sustainable crop production practices include a focus on soil health, irrigation and water use, seed selection, minimal chemical use, and diversifying landscapes; and if practised correctly, it has the potential to lower greenhouse gas emission and carbon footprint and contribute to improved human and environmental health. We assess the potentials and limitations of various factors that influence sustainability in crop production, the feasibility of making such factors/approaches viable, and the organisational, governance, and policy frameworks required to enable sustainability in crop production at a globally significant scale.