bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One sixth of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions may undergo reoperation due to complications or new injuries within 2 years
Authors: Lord Lise , Cristiani Riccardo , Edman Gunnar , Forssblad Magnus , Stålman Anders 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To analyse the incidence, types and risk factors for reoperation within 2 years of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods
Our clinic registry was used to identify primary ACLRs, performed from 2005 to 2015, and reoperations performed on the ipsilateral knee within 2 years at our institution. Reoperations were identified using procedural codes and analysis of medical records. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for reoperation.

Results
A total of 6030 primary ACLRs were included. A total of 1112 (18.4%) reoperations performed on 1018 (16.9%) primary ACLRs were identified. The most common reoperations were screw removal (n = 282, 4.7%), meniscus procedures (n = 238, 3.9%), cyclops removal/notchplasty (n = 222, 3.7%) and reoperations due to graft rupture (n = 146, 2.4%), including revision ACLR. Age < 30 years (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.37–1.80; P < 0.001), female gender (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.17–1.51; P < 0.001), medial meniscus repair (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.23–1.97; P < 0.001), lateral meniscus resection (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.07–1.49; P = 0.005) and lateral meniscus repair (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.03–1.85; P = 0.02) at primary ACLR were found to be risk factors for reoperation.

Conclusion
One sixth of all primary ACLRs underwent reoperation due to complications or new injuries within 2 years. The most common reoperations were screw removal, meniscus procedures, cyclops removal/notchplasty and reoperations due to graft rupture, including revision ACLR. Younger age (< 30 years), female gender, medial meniscus repair and lateral meniscus resection or repair at primary ACLR were associated with an increased risk of reoperation. This study provides clinicians with important data to inform patients about the short-term reoperation rates, the most common reoperation procedures and risk factors for reoperation after primary ACLR.

Level of evidence
III.
Randomized controlled trial of single incision versus conventional multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy with long-term follow-up
Authors: Klein Denis , Barutcu Atakan Görkem , Kröll Dino , Kilian Maik , Pratschke Johann , Raakow Roland , Raakow Jonas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Within the last years, single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SLC) emerged as an alternative to multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy (MLC). SLC has advantages in cosmetic results, and postoperative pain seems lower. Overall complications are comparable between SLC and MLC. However, long-term results of randomized trials are lacking, notably to answer questions about incisional hernia rates, long-term cosmetic impact and chronic pain.

Methods
A randomized trial of SLC versus MLC with a total of 193 patients between December 2009 and June 2011 was performed. The primary endpoint was postoperative pain on the first day after surgery. Secondary endpoints were conversion rate, operative time, intraoperative and postoperative morbidity, technical feasibility and hospital stay. A long-term follow-up after surgery was added.

Results
Ninety-eight patients (50.8%) underwent SLC, and 95 patients (49.2%) had MLC. Pain on the first postoperative day showed no difference between the operative procedures (SLC vs. MLC, 3.4 ± 1.8 vs. 3.7 ± 1.9, respectively; p = 0.317). No significant differences were observed in operating time or the overall rate of postoperative complications (4.1% vs. 3.2%; p = 0.731). SLC exhibited better cosmetic results in the short term. In the long term, after a mean of 70.4 months, there were no differences in incisional hernia rate, cosmetic results or pain at the incision between the two groups.

Conclusions
Taking into account a follow-up rate of 68%, the early postoperative advantages of SLC in relation to cosmetic appearance and pain did not persist in the long term. In the present trial, there was no difference in incisional hernia rates between SLC and MLC, but the sample size is too small for a final conclusion regarding hernia rates.

Trial registration
German Registry of Clinical Trials DRKS00012447
Painful and painless mutations of SCN9A and SCN11A voltage-gated sodium channels
Authors: Baker Mark D. , Nassar Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChronic pain is a global problem affecting up to 20% of the world’s population and has a significant economic, social and personal cost to society. Sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) detect noxious stimuli and transmit this sensory information to regions of the central nervous system (CNS) where activity is perceived as pain. DRG neurons express multiple voltage-gated sodium channels that underlie their excitability. Research over the last 20 years has provided valuable insights into the critical roles that two channels, NaV1.7 and NaV1.9, play in pain signalling in man. Gain of function mutations in NaV1.7 cause painful conditions while loss of function mutations cause complete insensitivity to pain. Only gain of function mutations have been reported for NaV1.9. However, while most NaV1.9 mutations lead to painful conditions, a few are reported to cause insensitivity to pain. The critical roles these channels play in pain along with their low expression in the CNS and heart muscle suggest they are valid targets for novel analgesic drugs.
Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among breast cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature using grounded theory
Authors: AlOmeir Othman , Patel Nilesh , Donyai Parastou 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Numerous studies have examined non-adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy in women recovering from breast cancer, but none provides a comprehensive theory to explain the challenges of long-term medication taking and resilience needed to continue. The aim of this study was to source, appraise, and synthesize data from existing qualitative studies to develop an in-depth explanatory model of non-adherence and discontinuation of hormonal medication among breast cancer survivors.

Methods
A comprehensive search of databases and the literature identified 24 eligible qualitative studies published 2010–2019. Quotations (n = 801) listed within these papers and the original author interpretations were synthesized using NVivo, and grounded theory methodology.

Results
At the beginning, knowledge about adjuvant endocrine therapy, trust in doctors, and worries and expectations, mean agreeing to medication is the only viable option, akin to a Hobson’s choice. Thereafter, women’s ability to deal with medication side-effects, knowledge and support received affect their decision to continue, akin to a horned dilemma where giving up the medication risks cancer recurrence and continuing means reduced contentment. Women stopping medication altogether question treatment necessity, search for normalcy and prioritize quality of life.

Conclusion
Shared experiences and understandings were uncovered by examining commonalities in existing publications. The core category explained the difficulties women face with the initial decision to accept long-term endocrine therapy and then the everyday challenges of continuing or deciding to stop treatment early. An educational tool to inform survivors and health professionals about these challenges could potentially improve women’s experience on treatment and in turn their adherence.
Few-Body Bound States and Resonances in Finite Volume
Authors: König Sebastian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSince the pioneering work of Lüscher in the 1980s it is well known that considering quantum systems in finite volume, specifically, finite periodic boxes, can be used as a powerful computational tool to extract physical observables. While this formalism has been worked out in great detail in the two-body sector, much effort is currently being invested into deriving analogous relations for systems with more constituents. This work is relevant not only for nuclear physics, where lattice methods are now able to calculate few- and many-nucleon states, but also for other fields such as simulations of cold atoms. This article discusses recent progress regarding the extraction of few-body bound-state and resonance properties from finite-volume calculations of systems with an arbitrary number of constituents.
Staging more important than grading? Evaluation of malignancy grading, depth of invasion, and resection margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wunschel Michael , Neumeier Miriam , Utpatel Kirsten , Reichert Torsten E. , Ettl Tobias , Spanier Gerrit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe present study evaluated the predictive value of staging and grading parameters concerning the presence of lymph-node metastases, overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Materials and methodsHE-stains of 135 surgically treated (R0) primary OSCCs were analyzed using a both microscopic and software-based approach. Depth of invasion (DOI) and resection margins (RM) were measured, and each case was graded according to the malignancy grading system as described by Anneroth et al. and Bryne et al. on two different sites of the tumor (surface and invasion front; TS and IF).ResultsParameters that could be identified as significant predictors of OS and RFS were UICC cancer stage (p = 0.009 andp = 0.012); pT-stage as defined in the 7th edition (p = 0.029 and 0.015) and, after restaging using DOI, 8th edition (p = 0.023 andp = 0.005) of the TNM classification of malignant tumors; the presence of lymphonodular metastases (LM) (p = 0.004 andp = 0.011); degree of keratinization (p = 0.029 andp = 0.042); and pattern of growth (p = 0.029 andp = 0.024) at the TS after applying a binary scale for both parameters. Also, when directly comparing the most extreme subgroups (scores 1 and 4) of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration at the IF, there was a significant difference in OS (p = 0.046) and RFS (p = 0.005). Invasion of blood vessels (p = 0.013) and perineural invasion (p = 0.023) were significantly associated with a lower OS. Age lower than 60 years (univariatep = 0.029, multivariatep = 0.031), infiltration of lymphatic vessels (p = 0.003), infiltration of nerves (p = 0.010), pT-stage (8th edition) (p = 0.014), degree of keratinization at the IF (p = 0.033), and nuclear polymorphism at the IF (p = 0.043) after conversion to a binary scale were found to be significant prognostic parameters regarding the presence of LM. DOI evolved as a significant predictor for OS (p = 0.006), RFS (p = 0.003), and LM (p = 0.032) in metric and grouped analysis.ConclusionsThe current evaluation revealed depth of invasion as strongest histologic predictor of metastatic tumor growth, overall survival, and relapse-free survival in OSCC, confirming the current adaption of the T-classification. Other distinct histologic grading parameters investigated during this study can give valuable indications of a tumor’s potential aggressiveness, but the exact site, mode, and procedure need further exploration.Clinical relevanceIntegrating measurement of DOI also into the pretherapeutic staging process could aid in treatment planning.
Definition of a coefficient to evaluate a moving contact pattern in planetary gearboxes
Authors: Fingerle Andreas , Otto Michael , Stahl Karsten 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlanetary gearboxes are often used for their high power density. Designs featuring a rotating carrier are popular because of their high gear ratio and potentially good efficiency. Especially in bigger constructions as in wind turbine gearboxes, it has been observed that the contact pattern moves in the width direction while the carrier rotates. This may lead to higher damage on the tooth flanks or reduced lifetime of the planet bearings underneath the mesh due to oscillating loads. The main influences on this phenomenon have yet to be investigated and no characteristic value has been defined to describe the moving contact pattern. It is only with this type of coefficient that the complex results of contact analysis can be evaluated clearly so that disadvantageous constructions can be distinguished from better ones. Therefore in this paper a coefficient to evaluate moving contact pattern is defined and used in a theoretical study about the influence of a radially displaced sun shaft on the contact pattern movement.
Quantitative cost comparison of on-premise and cloud infrastructure based EEG data processing
Authors: Juhasz Zoltan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigh-density, high-sampling rate EEG measurements generate large amounts of measurement data. When coupled with sophisticated processing methods, this presents a storage, computation and system management challenge for research groups and clinical units. Commercial cloud providers offer remote storage and on-demand compute infrastructure services that seem ideal for outsourcing the usually burst-like EEG processing workflow execution. There is little available guidance, however, on whether or when users should migrate to the cloud. The objective of this paper is to investigate the factors that determine the costs of on-premises and cloud execution of EEG workloads, and compare their total costs of ownership. An analytical cost model is developed that can be used for making informed decisions about the long-term costs of on-premises and cloud infrastructures. The model includes the cost-critical factors of the computing systems under evaluation, and expresses the effects of length of usage, system size, computational and storage capacity needs. Detailed cost models are created for on-premises clusters and cloud systems. Using these models, the costs of execution and data storage on clusters and in the cloud are investigated in detail, followed by a break-even analysis to determine when the use of an on-demand cloud infrastructure is preferable to on-premises clusters. The cost models presented in this paper help to characterise the cost-critical infrastructure and execution factors, and can support decision-makers in various scenarios. The analyses showed that cloud-based EEG data processing can reduce execution time considerably and is, in general, more economical when the computational and data storage requirements are relatively low. The cloud becomes competitive even in heavy load case scenarios if expensive, high quality, high-reliability clusters would be used locally. While the paper focuses on EEG processing, the models can be easily applied to CT, MRI, fMRI based neuroimaging workflows as well, which can provide guidance to the wider neuroimaging community for making infrastructure decisions.
Trace metals contamination in groundwater and implications on human health: comprehensive assessment using hydrogeochemical and geostatistical methods
Authors: Brindha K. , Paul Rajib , Walter Julien , Tan Mou Leong , Singh Mahesh Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMonitoring the groundwater chemical composition and identifying the presence of pollutants is an integral part of any comprehensive groundwater management strategy. The present study was conducted in a part of West Tripura, northeast India, to investigate the presence and sources of trace metals in groundwater and the risk to human health due to direct ingestion of groundwater. Samples were collected from 68 locations twice a year from 2016 to 2018. Mixed Ca–Mg–HCO3, Ca–Cl and Ca–Mg–Cl were the main groundwater types. Hydrogeochemical methods showed groundwater mineralization due to (1) carbonate dissolution, (2) silicate weathering, (3) cation exchange processes and (4) anthropogenic sources. Occurrence of faecal coliforms increased in groundwater after monsoons. Nitrate and microbial contamination from wastewater infiltration were apparent. Iron, manganese, lead, cadmium and arsenic were above the drinking water limits prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Water quality index indicated 1.5% had poor, 8.7% had marginal, 16.2% had fair, 66.2% had good and 7.4% had excellent water quality. Correlation and principal component analysis reiterated the sources of major ions and trace metals identified from hydrogeochemical methods. Human exposure assessment suggests health risk due to high iron in groundwater. The presence of unsafe levels of trace metals in groundwater requires proper treatment measures before domestic use.
Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging for Super-Resolution Preclinical Cardiac PET
Authors: Perez-Liva Mailyn , Yoganathan Thulaciga , Herraiz Joaquin L. , Porée Jonathan , Tanter Mickael , Balvay Daniel , Viel Thomas , Garofalakis Anikitos , Provost Jean , Tavitian Bertrand 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Physiological motion and partial volume effect (PVE) significantly degrade the quality of cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) images in the fast-beating hearts of rodents. Several Super-resolution (SR) techniques using a priori anatomical information have been proposed to correct motion and PVE in PET images. Ultrasound is ideally suited to capture real-time high-resolution cine images of rodent hearts. Here, we evaluated an ultrasound-based SR method using simultaneously acquired and co-registered PET-CT-Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging (UUI) of the beating heart in closed-chest rodents.

Procedures
The method was tested with numerical and animal data (n = 2) acquired with the non-invasive hybrid imaging system PETRUS that acquires simultaneously PET, CT, and UUI.

Results
We showed that ultrasound-based SR drastically enhances the quality of PET images of the beating rodent heart. For the simulations, the deviations between expected and mean reconstructed values were 2 % after applying SR. For the experimental data, when using Ultrasound-based SR correction, contrast was improved by a factor of two, signal-to-noise ratio by 11 %, and spatial resolution by 56 % (~ 0.88 mm) with respect to static PET. As a consequence, the metabolic defect following an acute cardiac ischemia was delineated with much higher anatomical precision.

Conclusions
Our results provided a proof-of-concept that image quality of cardiac PET in fast-beating rodent hearts can be significantly improved by ultrasound-based SR, a portable low-cost technique. Improved PET imaging of the rodent heart may allow new explorations of physiological and pathological situations related with cardiac metabolism.
Microplastic ingestion by tadpoles of pond-breeding amphibians—first results from Central Europe (SW Poland)
Authors: Kolenda Krzysztof , Kuśmierek Natalia , Pstrowska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) are one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystems. Surprisingly, our knowledge of its occurrence and its impact on the organisms that dwell in small water bodies is still scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and chemical composition of MPs in tadpoles of pond-breeding amphibians. In total, 201 tadpoles belonging to 5 species were collected from 8 ponds located in southwestern Poland. MPs were found in all examined sites and in all studied species. Among those tested, 53 (26%) tadpoles ingested a total of 71 MPs. IR-ATR analysis revealed that particles were of anthropogenic origin and included nylon, polyurethane, polyisoprene and 1,2 polybutadiene.
Increase in blood–brain barrier leakage in healthy, older adults
Authors: Verheggen Inge C. M. , de Jong Joost J. A. , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Gronenschild Ed H. B. M. , Palm Walter M. , Postma Alida A. , Jansen Jacobus F. A. , Verhey Frans R. J. , Backes Walter H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBlood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown can disrupt nutrient supply and waste removal, which affects neuronal functioning. Currently, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI is the preferred in-vivo method to quantify BBB leakage. Dedicated DCE MRI studies in normal aging individuals are lacking, which could hamper value estimation and interpretation of leakage rate in pathological conditions. Therefore, we applied DCE MRI to investigate the association between BBB disruption and age in a healthy sample. Fifty-seven cognitively and neurologically healthy, middle-aged to older participants (mean age: 66 years, range: 47–91 years) underwent MRI, including DCE MRI with intravenous injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Pharmacokinetic modeling was applied to contrast concentration time-curves to estimate BBB leakage rate in each voxel. Subsequently, leakage rate was calculated in the white and gray matter, and primary (basic sensory and motor functions), secondary (association areas), and tertiary (higher-order cognition) brain regions. A difference in vulnerability to deterioration was expected between these regions, with especially tertiary regions being affected by age. Higher BBB leakage rate was significantly associated with older age in the white and gray matter, and also in tertiary, but not in primary or secondary brain regions. Even in healthy individuals, BBB disruption was stronger in older persons, which suggests BBB disruption is a normal physiologically aging phenomenon. Age-related increase in BBB disruption occurred especially in brain regions most vulnerable to age-related deterioration, which may indicate that BBB disruption is an underlying mechanism of normal age-related decline.Netherlands Trial Register number: NL6358, date of registration: 2017-03-24.
Im Zerrspiegel des Populismus
Authors: von Nordheim Gerret , Rieger Jonas 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie betrachtet die Praxis des Teilens von Texten durch politische Akteure auf Twitter und analysiert den thematischen Geltungsanspruch, der sich darin spiegelt: zugespitzt populistisch oder vielfältig und inklusiv im Stil einer Volkspartei. Konkret wurde das ‚Verlinkungsverhalten‘ deutscher Bundestagsabgeordneter auf Twitter untersucht – mit besonderem Augenmerk auf der rechtspopulistischen AfD. Hierzu wurden mit Hilfe eines adaptiven Scrapers 56.107 Texte gesammelt, die Bundestagsabgeordnete in der laufenden Legislaturperiode in Tweets geteilt hatten. Der Analyse ihrer Vielfalt diente eine Maßzahl, die thematische Heterogenität auf Basis von Topic-Modellen ermittelt. Die Resultate zeigen, dass populistische Akteure zwar häufiger als andere auf Medien verlinken und dabei heterogene Quellen nutzen, dass sich dies jedoch nicht in thematische Vielfalt übersetzt, im Gegenteil: Die Themenagenda der AfD-Parlamentarier ist weniger vielfältig als die der Politiker anderer Parteien. Die klar populistische Themenselektion korreliert zudem stärker mit metrischem Erfolg (in Form von Likes, Retweets), als dies bei den Themen anderer Parteien der Fall ist.
The microbiome in inflammatory bowel diseases: from pathogenesis to therapy
Authors: Liu Sheng , Zhao Wenjing , Lan Ping , Mou Xiangyu 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global disease with accelerating incidence worldwide in the 21st century while its accurate etiology remains unclear. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has consistently been associated with IBD. Although many IBD-associated dysbiosis have not been proven to be a cause or an effect of IBD, it is often hypothesized that at least some of alteration in microbiome is protective or causative. In this article, we selectively reviewed the hypothesis supported by both association studies in human and pathogenesis studies in biological models. Specifically, we reviewed the potential protective bacterial pathways and species against IBD, as well as the potential causative bacterial pathways and species of IBD. We also reviewed the potential roles of some members of mycobiome and virome in IBD. Lastly, we covered the current status of therapeutic approaches targeting microbiome, which is a promising strategy to alleviate and cure this inflammatory disease.