bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Differences in the Expression of mRNAs and miRNAs Associated with Drug Resistance in Endometrial Cancer Cells Treated with Salinomycin
Authors: Januszyk Piotr , Januszyk Krzysztof , Wierzbik-Strońska Magdalena , Boroń Dariusz , Grabarek Beniamin 
Published: June 2020

Background:It is important to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer drug resistance and to study the activity of new drugs, e.g. salinomycin.Objective:The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the expression of genes associated with drug resistance in the Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell line when treated with salinomycin. In addition, changes in the level of miRNA potentially regulating these mRNAs were evaluated.Materials and Methods:Endometrial cancer cells were treated with 1 μM of salinomycin for 12, 24 and 48 hours periods. Untreated cells were a control culture. The molecular analysis consists of mRNA and miRNA microarray analysis and the RTqPCR technique.Results:The following was observed about the number of mRNAs differentiating the cell culture exposed to the drug compared to a control culture: H-12 vs. C - 9 mRNAs, H_24 vs. C - 6 mRNAs, and H_48 vs. C - 1 mRNA. It was noted that 4 of the 9 differentiating mRNAs were characteristic for 12 hours of exposure to salinomycin and they correspond to the following genes: TUFT1, ABCB1, MTMR11, and MX2. After 24 hours, 2 mRNAs were characteristic for this time of incubation cells with salinomycin: TUFT1 and MYD88 and after 48 hours, SLC30A5 could also be observed.Discussion:The highest differences in expression were indicated for TUFT1, MTMR11, and SLC30A5. The highest influence probability was determined between TUFT1 and hsa- miR-3188 (FC + 2.48), MTMR11and has-miR-16 (FC -1.74), and between SLC30A5 and hsa-miR-30d (FC -2.01).Conclusions:Salinomycin induces changes in the activity of mRNA and miRNA participating in drug resistance; however, the observed changes in character are the expected result of anti-cancer treatment.
Biosynthesis, Characterization and Mechanism of Formation of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Petroselinum Crispum Leaf Extract
Authors: Barzinjy Azeez Abdullah , Hamad Samir Mustafa , Abdulrahman Ahmed Fattah , Biro Safiya Jameel , Ghafor AbdulBasit Ali 
Published: June 2020

Aims:
The study aimed at synthesizing ZnO NPs using Petroselinum crispum extract, commonly known
as parsley, as a source of biosynthesis without utilizing chemical agents for reducing, capping and stabilizing
agent.

Background:
Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been widely explored due to the wide range of vital
applications in nanotechnology. Biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles, ZnO NPs, have become increasingly
important since they have many applications and are environmentally friendly.

Methods:
The innovation of this investigation is that the nanosized ZnO NPs can be formed from one-pot reaction
without utilizing any external stabilizing and reducing agent which is not plausible via the current procedures.

Results:
The biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(EDX) to investigate the optical, chemical, structural, and morphological properties.

Conclusion:
These techniques exhibited that the property of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs is analogous with the
standard NPs prepared from dissimilar methods. Investigating the plausible mechanism of formation and stabilization
of ZnO NPs by biomolecules of Petroselinum crispum leaf extract was another vital feature of this study.
Identification of Potential Inhibitors Against the TGF-β/BMPs-Activin Receptor- like Kinase 1 Signal Pathway
Authors: Wu Miao-Miao , Liu Mei-Lin , Zhou Jing , Wang Yi-Da , Wu Chuan-Fang , Bao Jin-Ku 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
In many diseased states, especially fibrosis and cancer, TGF-β family members
are overexpressed and the outcome of signaling is diverted toward disease progression. As the result of
activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) plays a key role in TGF-β signaling, discovering inhibitors of
ALK1 to block TGF-β signaling for a therapeutic benefit has become an effective strategy.

Methods:
In this work, ZINC15894217 and ZINC12404282 were identified as potential ALK1 inhibitors
using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and MM/PBSA calculations studies.
The analysis of energy decomposition found that Val208, Val216, Lys229, Gly283, Arg334
and Leu337 acted as crucial residues for ligand binding and system stabilizing.

Results:
In addition, these compounds displayed excellent pharmacological and structural properties,
which can be further evaluated through in vitro and in vivo experiments for the inhibition of
ALK1 to be developed as drugs against fibrosis and tumor.

Conclusion:
Overall, our study illustrated a time- and cost-effective computer aided drug design
procedure to identify potential ALK1 inhibitors. It would provide useful information for further development
of ALK1 inhibitors to improve disease related to TGF-β signal pathway.
A Comprehensive In Silico Study Towards Understanding the Inhibitory Mechanism of Lactoperoxidase by Dapsone and Propofol
Authors: Khan Rameez Jabeer , Jha Rajat Kumar , Amera Gizachew Muluneh , Muthukumaran Jayaraman , Singh Rashmi Prabha , Singh Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
Lactoperoxidase (LPO) is a member of the mammalian heme peroxidase
family and is an enzyme of the innate immune system. It possesses a covalently linked heme prosthetic
group (a derivative of protoporphyrin IX) in its active site. LPO catalyzes the oxidation of
halides and pseudohalides in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and shows a broad range of
the antimicrobial activity.

Methods:
In this study, we have used two pharmaceutically important drug molecules, namely dapsone
and propofol, which were earlier reported as potent inhibitors of LPO. At the same time, the
stereochemistry and mode of binding of dapsone and propofol to LPO are still not known because
of the lack of the crystal structures of LPO with these two drugs. In order to fill this gap, we utilized
molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of LPO in its native and
complex forms with dapsone and propofol.

Results:
From the docking results, the estimated binding free energies (ΔG) of -9.25 kcal/mol (Ki =
0.16 μM) and -7.05 kcal/mol (Ki = 6.79 μM) were observed for dapsone, and propofol, respectively.
The standard error of the Auto Dock program is 2.5 kcal/mol; therefore, molecular docking results
alone were inconclusive.

Conclusion:
To further validate the docking results, we performed MD simulation on unbound, and
two drugs bounded LPO structures. Interestingly, MD simulations results explained that the structural
stability of LPO-Propofol complex was higher than LPO-Dapsone complex. The results obtained
from this study establish the mode of binding and interaction pattern of the dapsone and
propofol to LPO as inhibitors.
Prenatal Pregabalin Exposure Alters Postnatal Pain Sensitivity and Some Behavioral Responses in Adult Offspring Rats
Authors: Meymandi Manzumeh-Shamsi , Sepehri Gholamreza , Moslemizadeh Amirhossein , Shahrbabaki Seyyed Sajjad Vakili 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Prenatal antiepileptic drug exposure could demonstrate both congenital
malformations and behavioral impairments in offspring.

Objective:
This study was performed to assess the effects of prenatal exposure to pregabalin (PGB)
on pain response, anxiety, motor activity and some behavior of adult offspring rats.

Methods:
Pregnant Wistar rats received PGB (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg/ip) during embryonic days 9.5-
15.5. The pain response, anxiety-like behaviors, locomotor activity, motor balance and coordination
and anhedonia of adult offspring were examined by tail-flick and hot plate test, open field test, elevated
plus maze (EPM), beam balance test and sucrose preference test in their 60th day of life, respectively.

Results:
Prenatal exposure to PGB revealed significant dose-dependent reduction in pain sensitivity
(increase in pain latency response) in the hot plate test, especially in females, while anxiety-like behavior
assessed in EPM and open field significantly reduced in males. In the open field, locomotor
activity reduced significantly after exposure to PGB 30 mg/kg and motor coordination decreased
dose-dependently, especially in males. Anhedonia, as an indication of sucrose preference or pleasure
response, was not changed.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that prenatal PGB exposure could be associated with significant
changes in pain response, anxiety, locomotor activity and coordination in adult offspring rats.
Gene Set Correlation Analysis and Visualization Using Gene Expression Data
Authors: Tsai Chen-An , Chen James J. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) provide a useful and powerful
approach to identify differentially expressed gene sets with prior biological knowledge. Several
GSEA algorithms have been proposed to perform enrichment analyses on groups of genes.
However, many of these algorithms have focused on the identification of differentially expressed
gene sets in a given phenotype.

Objective:
In this paper, we propose a gene set analytic framework, Gene Set Correlation Analysis (GSCoA), that simultaneously measures within and between gene sets variation to identify sets of genes enriched for differential expression
and highly co-related pathways.

Methods:
We apply co-inertia analysis to the comparisons of cross-gene sets in gene expression data
to measure the co-structure of expression profiles in pairs of gene sets. Co-inertia analysis (CIA) is
one multivariate method to identify trends or co-relationships in multiple datasets, which contain the
same samples. The objective of CIA is to seek ordinations (dimension reduction diagrams) of two
gene sets such that the square covariance between the projections of the gene sets on successive axes
is maximized. Simulation studies illustrate that CIA offers superior performance in identifying corelationships
between gene sets in all simulation settings when compared to correlation-based gene
set methods.

Result and Conclusion:
We also combine between-gene set CIA and GSEA to discover the relationships between gene
sets significantly associated with phenotypes. In addition, we provide a graphical technique for visualizing and simultaneously exploring the associations of between and within gene sets and their interaction and network. We then demonstrate
integration of within and between gene sets variation using CIA and GSEA, applied to the p53 gene expression data using
the c2 curated gene sets. Ultimately, the GSCoA approach provides an attractive tool for identification and visualization
of novel associations between pairs of gene sets by integrating co-relationships between gene sets into gene set analysis.
Development and Characterization of a Clobetasol Propionate Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Based Gel for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Dadwal Ankita , Mishra Neeraj , Narang Raj K. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease of the skin with lapsing episodes of hyperkeratosis,
irritation, and inflammation. Numerous traditional and novel drug delivery systems
have been used for better penetration through psoriatic barrier cells and also for retention in the
skin. As there is no effective remedy for better penetration, and retention is there because of the
absence of an ideal carrier for effective and safe delivery of antipsoriatic drugs.

Objectives:
The main objective of this project is to develop a Squalene integrated NLC based carbopol
940 gel to create a local drug depot in the skin for improved efficacy against psoriasis.

Methods:
Homogenization method is used for the formulation of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier,
which was characterized on the basis of size, entrapment efficiency, polydispersity index (PDI), viscosity,
spreadability, DSC, zeta potential, % in vitro release, in vitro skin permeation and retention
studies, physical storage stability studies. In vivo studies can use other alternative models for induction
of psoriasis by severe redness, swelling macroscopically, and microvascular dilation edema
lasting for 10 days. Furthermore, histopathology study was done to asses changes in the skin.

Conclusion:
The optimized formulation of nanostructured lipid carrier-based gel has shown significant
and sustained release of clobetasol propionate. Furthermore, this formulation has also shown
retention in skin because of squalene as it is a sebum derived lipid, which shows an affinity towards
the sebaceous gland.
A Note on the Potential BCG Vaccination – COVID-19 Molecular Link
Authors: Strongin Alex Y. , Sloutsky Alex , Cieplak Piotr 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
Our goal was to elucidate a potential molecular link between the past and current
tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG; a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis)
immunization policies and COVID-19.

Methods:
Our sequence homology analyses have demonstrated that there is an intriguing level of sequence
homology between a few of the BCG and Sars-CoV-2 proteins.

Results:
The data suggest that the BCG-specific memory B-cells that are preserved in BCG-vaccinated
patients cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 and that this cross-recognition may affect the virus proliferation
and COVID-19 severity.

Conclusion:
Our results can stimulate the sharply focused follow-up experimental studies.
Using Open-Source Intelligence to Detect Early Signals of COVID-19 in China: Descriptive Study
Authors: Kpozehouen Elizabeth Benedict , Chen Xin , Zhu Mengyao , Macintyre C Raina 
Published: June 2020

Background
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019, and the first cases were officially identified around December 8, 2019. Although the origin of COVID-19 has not been confirmed, approximately half of the early cases were linked to a seafood market in Wuhan. However, the first two documented patients did not visit the seafood market. News reports, social media, and informal sources may provide information about outbreaks prior to formal notification.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify early signals of pneumonia or severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in China prior to official recognition of the COVID-19 outbreak in December 2019 using open-source data.

Methods
To capture early reports, we searched an open source epidemic observatory, EpiWatch, for SARI or pneumonia-related illnesses in China from October 1, 2019. The searches were conducted using Google and the Chinese search engine Baidu.

Results
There was an increase in reports following the official notification of COVID-19 to the WHO on December 31, 2019, and a report that appeared on December 26, 2019 was retracted. A report of severe pneumonia on November 22, 2019, in Xiangyang was identified, and a potential index patient was retrospectively identified on November 17.

Conclusions
The lack of reports of SARI outbreaks prior to December 31, 2019, with a retracted report on December 26, suggests media censorship, given that formal reports indicate that cases began appearing on December 8. However, the findings also support a relatively recent origin of COVID-19 in November 2019. The case reported on November 22 was transferred to Wuhan approximately one incubation period before the first identified cases on December 8; this case should be further investigated, as only half of the early cases were exposed to the seafood market in Wuhan. Another case of COVID-19 has since been retrospectively identified in Hubei on November 17, 2019, suggesting that the infection was present prior to December.
Comportamiento innovador en individuos y grupos de trabajo: Influencia del capital psicológico colectivo, la direccionalidad estratégica y la facilidad para alcanzar acuerdos
Authors: Mora Esquivel Ronald , Solís Martín 
Published: June 2020

<p>El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el efecto mediador del capital psicológico y del acuerdo de grupo en la relación entre la direccionalidad estratégica con el comportamiento innovador tanto del individuo como del grupo de trabajo. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario a 231 sujetos que laboran en organizaciones estatales en Costa Rica. Se procesan los datos ejecutando dos modelos de medida y dos modelos estructurales mediante Smart-PLS 3.0<strong>. </strong>Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la direccionalidad estratégica del grupo influye de manera directa sobre comportamiento innovador del grupo y de manera indirecta a través del capital psicológico colectivo y la facilidad de alcanzar acuerdos. Por otra parte, el capital psicológico colectivo influye de manera directa el comportamiento innovador del individuo. Los modelos analizados no han sido valorados previamente en la literatura, por lo cual, el presente estudio aporta nueva evidencia relativa a cómo potenciar el comportamiento innovador en grupos e individuos. Adicionalmente, los hallazgos han sido obtenidos de sujetos que laboran en instituciones públicas o de gobierno, lo cual resulta relevante considerando la escasa literatura y aporte empírico relacionado con el comportamiento innovador y emprendedor del empleado público.<strong></strong><strong></strong></p>
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Praktik Keamanan dalam Penggunaan Insektisida Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Pangandaran
Authors: Kusumastuti Nurul Hidayati , Dhewantara Pandji Wibawa , Pramestuti Nova 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The unsafe and improper use of household insecticides represents a major hazard to the environment and human health. Most of people in Pangandaran Sub-District used household insecticides, even more than ten years. The aim of this study was to analyse factors that affect in safety practices of using household insecticide. The research was conducted from April to July 2014 in Pangandaran sub-district. A total of 374 household participated in this study through interviews. Data collected includes characteristics of respondents, educational status, knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding safe insecticide usage. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to measure the possible association between variables and continued with logistic regression. The majority of respondents were lack of safety practices of using household insecticide (60%). The levels of education (p=0.00) and knowledge (p=0.03) was associated with safe practices in insecticide use. However, according to logistic regression that education level had more influence towards safe insecticide use. Therefore, it is necessary to increase community knowledge through field demonstrations by health workers about the use of household insecticides safely and properly.
Keywords: household insecticide, practice, safety, Pangandaran

Abstrak. Penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga yang tidak aman dan tidak tepat dapat membahayakan lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Sebagian besar masyarakat di Kecamatan Pangandaran menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga, bahkan lebih dari sepuluh tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi praktik menjaga keamanan dalam penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Juli 2014 di Kecamatan Pangandaran. Sebanyak 374 rumah tangga berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini melalui wawancara. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, status pendidikan, pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik mengenai penggunaan insektisida yang aman. Uji Chi-square (χ2) digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dan dilanjutkan dengan regresi logistik. Mayoritas responden mempunyai praktik yang kurang aman dalam menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga (60%). Tingkat pendidikan (p = 0,00) dan pengetahuan (p = 0,03) berhubungan dengan praktik menjaga keamanan ketika menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga. Namun, hasil dari regresi logistik menunjukkan tingkat pendidikan lebih berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan insektisida yang aman. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat melalui demonstrasi lapangan oleh petugas kesehatan tentang penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga secara aman dan tepat.
Kata Kunci: insektisida rumah tangga, praktik, aman, Pangandaran
Authoritarian Criminology and Racist Statecraft: Rationalizations for Racial Profiling, Carding and Legibilizing the Herd
Authors: Kitossa Tamari 
Published: June 2020

This essay is a discrete survey of administrative-authoritarian criminologists’ neutralizing techniques for justifying and aiding and abetting racial profiling in policing and, by inference, racialized ‘carding’. Principally focused on Canada and the US, material for this survey arises from the effort of administrative-authoritarian criminologists who claim to refute commissioned reports, case law and obiter dicta, government reports and scholarly research affirming racial profiling in particular and racial discrimination in the criminal legal system generally.
Rooted in counter-colonial, anti-criminology and abolitionist epistemology my method of exposition is to turn the claims administrative-authoritarian criminologists hold to be true back onto criminology itself to see what account it provides for itself. Following the path worn by Hannah Arendt, I set out to demonstrate that in taking the effects of racial profiling and the legibilizing of ‘carding’ as objectively authoritarian-criminologists, administrative-authoritarian are irresponsible in the exercise of judgment to true ideas.
Transiciones en los trabajos de hombres y mujeres ante la desestructuración del sector energético en México
Authors: Rojas Garcia Georgina , Martínez Silva Eleocadio , Belmont Cortés Edgar 
Published: June 2020

En este artículo buscamos examinar cómo la desestructuración productiva del sector energético ha repercutido sobre los arreglos entre hombres y mujeres alrededor de la gestión de los espacios laboral y doméstico. Seleccionamos dos ciudades como casos de estudio (Necaxa, Puebla y Ciudad Pemex, Tabasco) y utilizamos información cuantitativa y cualitativa obtenida de primera mano. El empleo estable del sector energético permitió sostener por décadas la tradicional división sexual del trabajo entre hombres y mujeres en el hogar y fuera de él. Ante el intento de seguir reproduciendo los roles tradicionales de género, los hombres ven cuestionado su papel de proveedores principales y las mujeres salen a un mercado que fue predominantemente masculino. Ellas encuentran la doble jornada, pero ganan presencia en la calle.
Sexual Dimorphism in A Cross River Ecotype Local Chicken – Rose Comb (<em>Gallus gallus domesticus</em>)
Authors: Etta Hannah Edim , Kogbara Barizigakol Henry 
Published: June 2020

Sexual dimorphism in the local chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)-Rose Comb- in Cross River was investigated. Sixty (60) male and female Gallus gallus domesticus chickens were evaluated for the effect of sex on body weight (BW), body length (BL), body girth (BG), thigh length(TL), shank length (SL) and keel length (KL) which were measured fortnightly for twelve (12) weeks. Sexual Size Dimorphism Index (SSDI) and Sexual Dimorphism Index (SDI) were used to confirm relative contribution of each trait to total dimorphism. The values obtained for SSDI and SDI respectively were 1.61 and 61% for BW; 1.26 and 26.52% for TL; 1.23 and 23.81% for SL; 1.22 and 21.50% for BL; 1.18 and 18.20% for BG; 1.17 and 17.94% for KL. To identify the best trait for predicting sex, stepwise discriminate analysis was employed and the Wilkâ€™s Lamda values obtained were BW(0.471); TL(0.452); SL(0.401); BL(0.283); BG(0.272) and KL(0.271). Results showed that there were significant (p<0.05) differences in all measured parameters at week 6 with mean BW, BL, BG, SL, KL and TL of 300.01 and 253.24; 22 and 18.62; 5.20 and 3.98; 4.60 and 3.50; 5.50 and 3.90; 13.10 and 11.20 for both male and female birds respectively. These results indicate that sexual dimorphism is exhibited in all morphometric traits in favor of the male with BW as the highest dimorphic trait.