bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Joint Loads Associated with Increased Anterior Cruciate Ligament Loading During Cutting: A Systematic Review and Technical Framework
Authors: Donelon Thomas A. , Dos’Santos Thomas , Pitchers Guy , Brown Mathew , Jones Paul A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCutting actions are associated with non-contact ACL injuries in multidirectional sports due to the propensity to generate large multiplanar knee joint loads (KJLs) that have the capacity to increase ACL loading and strain. Numerous studies have investigated the biomechanical determinants of KJLs in cutting tasks. The aim of this systematic review was to comprehensively review the literature regarding biomechanical determinants of KJLs during cutting, in order to develop a cutting technical framework alongside training recommendations for practitioners regarding KJL mitigation.MethodsDatabases (SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and PubMed) were systematically searched using a combination of the following terms: “Biomechanical determinants”, or “Knee abduction moment”, or “Technical determinants”, or “Knee loading”, or “Knee loads”, or “Mechanical determinants”, or “ACL strain”, or “Knee adduction moment”, or “Anterior tibial shear”, or “Knee internal rotation moment”, or “Knee valgus moment” AND “Change of direction”, or “Cutting manoeuvre”, or “Run and cut”, or “Run-and-cut”, or “Sidestepping”, or “Side-stepping”, or “Shuttle run”. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies examining a cutting task < 110° with a preceding approach run that examined biomechanical determinants of KJLs using three-dimensional motion analysis.ResultsThe search returned 6404 possibly eligible articles, and 6 identified through other sources. Following duplicate removal, 4421 titles and abstracts were screened, leaving 246 full texts to be screened for inclusion. Twenty-three full texts were deemed eligible for inclusion and identified numerous determinants of KJLs; 11 trunk, 11 hip, 7 knee, 3 multiplanar KJLs, 5 foot/ankle and 7 identifying ground reaction forces (GRFs) as determinants of KJLs.ConclusionUsing the framework developed from the results, cutting KJLs can be mitigated through the following: reducing lateral foot-plant distances, thus lowering hip abduction and orientating the foot closer to neutral with a mid-foot or forefoot placement strategy; minimising knee valgus and hip internal rotation angles and motion at initial contact (IC) and weight acceptance (WA); avoiding and limiting lateral trunk flexion and attempt to maintain an upright trunk position or trunk lean into the intended direction; and finally, reducing GRF magnitude during WA, potentially by attenuation through increased knee flexion and emphasising a greater proportion of braking during the penultimate foot contact (PFC).
Factors associated with early resumption of sexual intercourse among women during extended postpartum period in Northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mekonnen Birye Dessalegn 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Postpartum sexual health and practice need to be integrated in the current maternal healthcare services to address sexual health problems. However, postpartum sexual practice has received little attention, and was not often discussed by healthcare providers during prenatal and postnatal care. Thus, this study was aimed to assess early resumption of sexual intercourse and associated factors among postpartum women in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 20 to February 20, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 634 postpartum women. A pretested, structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi Info 7.2.2 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions analysis were done. Variables with p- value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Results
The magnitude of early resumption of sexual intercourse after childbirth was found to be 26.9% (95% CI: 23.2, 30.8). Urban resident (AOR = 6.12, 95% CI: 2.41, 15.66), parity of one (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.66, 7.78), husband demand (AOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.72, 4.11), postnatal care (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.18) and use of family planning (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.43) were factors significantly associated with early resumption of sexual intercourse.

Conclusion
The study found that more than one fourth of women had resumed sexual intercourse within six weeks of following childbirth. The finding of this study suggests the need of integrating discussions of postpartum sexual activity into routine prenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care with collaborative effort of policy makers, program planners, health care providers and other stakeholders. Moreover, spousal communication on postpartum sexual activity should be encouraged.
Comprehensive review of text-mining applications in finance
Authors: Gupta Aaryan , Dengre Vinya , Kheruwala Hamza Abubakar , Shah Manan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Text-mining technologies have substantially affected financial industries. As the data in every sector of finance have grown immensely, text mining has emerged as an important field of research in the domain of finance. Therefore, reviewing the recent literature on text-mining applications in finance can be useful for identifying areas for further research. This paper focuses on the text-mining literature related to financial forecasting, banking, and corporate finance. It also analyses the existing literature on text mining in financial applications and provides a summary of some recent studies. Finally, the paper briefly discusses various text-mining methods being applied in the financial domain, the challenges faced in these applications, and the future scope of text mining in finance.
Temporal and spatial trends of adult mortality in small areas of Brazil, 1980–2010
Authors: Queiroz Bernardo L. , Lima Everton E. C. , Freire Flávio H. M. A. , Gonzaga Marcos R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo determine the variations and spatial patterns of adult mortality across regions, over time, and by sex for 137 small areas in Brazil, we first apply TOPALS to estimate and smooth mortality rates and then use death distribution methods to evaluate the quality of the mortality data. Lastly, we employ spatial autocorrelation statistics and cluster analysis to identify the adult mortality trends and variations in these areas between 1980 and 2010. We find not only that regions in Brazil’s South and Southeast already had complete death registration systems prior to the study period, but that the completeness of death count coverage improved over time across the entire nation—most especially in lesser developed regions—probably because of public investment in health data collection. By also comparing adult mortality by sex and by region, we document a mortality sex differential in favor of women that remains high over the entire study period, most probably as a result of increased morbidity from external causes, especially among males. This increase also explains the concentration of high male mortality levels in some areas.
Percutaneous afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy for postoperative lymphatic leakage after previous ineffective therapeutic transpedal lymphangiography
Authors: Pan F. , Loos M. , Do T. D. , Richter G. M. , Kauczor H. U. , Hackert T. , Sommer C. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
To demonstrate the efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided afferent lymphatic vessel sclerotherapy (ALVS) in the treatment of postoperative lymphatic leakage (LL) after ineffective therapeutic transpedal lymphangiography (TL).

Methods
A retrospective review in this institute involving 201 patients was conducted from May 2011 to September 2018. Patients diagnosed with postoperative LL undergoing ineffective therapeutical TL before the performance of percutaneous CT-guided ALVS were involved. Technical success and clinical success of TL and ALVS were established. The technical success and efficacy of ALVS in the treatment of postoperative LL after ineffective therapeutic TL were assessed. The clinical success rate of ALVS is also assessed, and the complications are reviewed.

Results
In total, nine patients were involved including three patients (33.3%) presented with chylothorax, three patients (33.3%) presented with inguinal lymphatic fistula/lymphocele, and three patients (33.3%) presented with lymphatic fistula in the thigh; 27 ± 18 days (mean ± standard deviation) after surgery, therapeutic TL was successfully performed and showed definite afferent lymphatic vessel and leakage site in all the patients. Due to clinical failure after TLs, the following ALVS was performed with a mean interval of 12 ± 8 days after TL. The technical success rate was 9/9 (100.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 63.1–100.0%). An average of 2.7 ± 1.3 mL 95% ethanol as sclerosant agent was injected during the procedure. The clinical success was observed in 8 of the 9 patients (88.9%, 95% CI 51.8–99.7%) with a time between ALVS and the LL cure of 8 ± 6 days. No complications were reported.

Conclusions
Our results showed the role of percutaneous CT-guided ALVS as a safe, feasible, and effective salvage treatment for postoperative LL after ineffective TL.
FpCzf14 is a putative C2H2 transcription factor regulating conidiation in Fusarium pseudograminearum
Authors: Chen Linlin , Zhao Jingya , Xia Huiqing , Ma Yuming , Liu Yankun , Peng Mengya , Xing Xiaoping , Sun Bingjian , Shi Yan , Li Honglian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors such as FlbC and Msn2, have broad regulatory roles in fungal growth and conidiation. In the present study, we cloned and characterized a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor gene, FpCzf14, in the wheat pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum. FpCzf14 was localized to the nuclei. The expression of FpCzf14 was significantly upregulated in conidia, suggesting that FpCzf14 might contribute to conidiation. Further analysis of the fpczf14-deleted mutant (Δfpczf14) demonstrated that it exhibited defect in conidiation, and this defect was restored in the complemented strain Δfpczf14-C expressing FpCzf14, demonstrating that FpCzf14 was essential for conidiation. Moreover, FpCzf14 was required for mycelial growth and pathogenicity of F. pseudograminearum. Microscopic observation results showed that Δfpczf14 produced only very few penetration pegs and invasive hyphae inside host tissues compared with WT and Δfpczf14-C. Additionally, results of reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that FpCzf14 regulated expression of several conidiation-related genes in F. pseudograminearum. In conclusion, FpCzf14, as a core regulatory gene in conidiation, provides new insights into the mechanism of conidiation in F. pseudograminearum.
Breeding farm, level of feeding and presence of antibiotics in the feed influence rabbit cecal microbiota
Authors: Velasco-Galilea María , Guivernau Miriam , Piles Miriam , Viñas Marc , Rafel Oriol , Sánchez Armand , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , González-Rodríguez Olga , Sánchez Juan P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of the production environment and different management practices in rabbit cecal microbiota remains poorly understood. While previous studies have proved the impact of the age or the feed composition, research in the breeding farm and other animal management aspects, such as the presence of antibiotics in the feed or the level of feeding, is still needed. Characterization of microbial diversity and composition of growing rabbits raised under different conditions could help better understand the role these practices play in cecal microbial communities and how it may result in different animal performance.ResultsFour hundred twenty-five meat rabbits raised in two different facilities, fed under two feeding regimes (ad libitum or restricted) with feed supplemented or free of antibiotics, were selected for this study. A 16S rRNA gene-based assessment through the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform was performed on cecal samples collected from these individuals at slaughter. Different univariate and multivariate approaches were conducted to unravel the influence of the different factors on microbial alpha diversity and composition at phylum, genus and OTU taxonomic levels. The animals raised in the facility harboring the most stable environmental conditions had greater, and less variable, microbial richness and diversity. Bootstrap univariate analyses of variance and sparse partial least squares-discriminant analyses endorsed that farm conditions exerted an important influence on rabbit microbiota since the relative abundances of many taxa were found differentially represented between both facilities at all taxonomic levels characterized. Furthermore, only five OTUs were needed to achieve a perfect classification of samples according to the facility where animals were raised. The level of feeding and the presence of antibiotics did not modify the global alpha diversity but had an impact on some bacteria relative abundances, albeit in a small number of taxa compared with farm, which is consistent with the lower sample classification power according to these factors achieved using microbial information.ConclusionsThis study reveals that factors associated with the farm effect and other management factors, such as the presence of antibiotics in the diet or the feeding level, modify cecal microbial communities. It highlights the importance of offering a controlled breeding environment that reduces differences in microbial cecal composition that could be responsible for different animal performance.
A comparison of leg length discrepancy between direct anterior and anterolateral approaches in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Dunn Henry , Rohlfing Geoff , Kollmorgen Robert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundLeg length discrepancy (LLD) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a known source of complications and a leading cause of litigation (J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:155–157, 2005). There are limited studies investigating surgical approach combined with the use of fluoroscopy intraoperatively and their potential effects on LLD after THA. The purpose of this study was to compare the direct anterior (DA) approach utilizing a fluoroscopic overlay technique and anterolateral (AL) approach and their potential effect on LLD.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 121 patients who had undergone primary THA from September 1, 2016 to November 1, 2018 by either DA or AL approach by two separate surgeons. Leg length discrepancies were measured on pre-operative post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and on post-operative low anterior/posterior (AP) pelvis plain radiographs by two investigators blinded to each other’s measurements. To confirm inter-observer and intra-observer reliability between LLD measurements amongst investigators, a Pearson correlation test was performed. The primary outcome measurement was leg length discrepancy (LLD).ResultsWe observed LLD > 1.0 cm and LLD > 1.5 cm in the DA and AL groups. The DA approach group showed a mean LLD of 4.5 mm against 7.76 mm in the AL group (p < 0.00001). There was a significantly higher rate of LLD in the AL group as compared to the DA group (LLD> 1 cm (28%vs. 8%,p = 0.0037) and LLD > 1.5 cm (7%vs. 0%,p = 0.0096). The LLD measurements showed strong correlation in terms of inter-observer (r = 0.95) and intra-observer reliability (r = 0.99) between the two investigators (p < 0.001).ConclusionIn our patient cohort, the DA approach with fluoroscopic overlay technique had less LLD in comparison with the AL approach, suggesting that intraoperative fluoroscopic use does have an impact on LLD.
Systemic recurrence of endometrial cancer more than 10 years after hysterectomy: a report of two cases and a brief review of the literature
Authors: Muratori Leonardo , Sperone Paola , Gorzegno Gabriella , La Salvia Anna , Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial carcinoma is one of the most common female cancers in developed countries. Disease stage is associated with the risk of disease relapse after radical treatment. Typically, the risk of disease relapse peaks at 3 years from local radical treatment and then diminishes over time, so that late relapses (i.e., from year 5 afterward) are extremely infrequent. Here, we report two cases of women with endometrial cancer who developed a disease relapse more than 15 years after radical treatment. A review of the literature revealed other seven reports of women with relapse from endometrial cancer occurring more than 10 years after radical treatment.Case presentationCase report 1 is a 56-year-old woman with an endometrioid cancer who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in 1998. She relapsed in the lung in 2014, 16 years from radical surgery. Case report 2, a 75-year-old woman, with an endometrioid cancer, was treated by hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. The disease relapse in the lung was detected in 2019, 22 years from radical treatment.ConclusionAlthough guidelines do not support oncological follow-up beyond 5 years from surgery, oncologists should consider late recurrence of endometrial carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of women presenting with metastases of uncertain origin and prior history of this disease.
Improving Cancer Data Interoperability: The Promise of the Minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE) Initiative
Authors: Osterman Travis J. , Terry May , Miller Robert S. 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE Because of expanding interoperability requirements, structured patient data are increasingly available in electronic health records. Many oncology data elements (eg, staging, biomarkers, documentation of adverse events and cancer outcomes) remain challenging. The Minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE) project is a consensus data standard created to facilitate transmission of data of patients with cancer. METHODS In 2018, mCODE was developed through a work group convened by ASCO, including oncologists, informaticians, researchers, and experts in terminologies and standards. The mCODE specification is organized by 6 high-level domains: patient, laboratory/vital, disease, genomics, treatment, and outcome. In total, 23 mCODE profiles are composed of 90 data elements. RESULTS A conceptual model was published for public comment in January 2019 and, after additional refinement, the first public version of the mCODE (version 0.9.1) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) implementation guide (IG) was presented at the ASCO Annual Meeting in June 2019. The specification was approved for balloting by Health Level 7 International (HL7) in August 2019. mCODE passed the HL7 ballot in September 2019 with 86.5% approval. The mCODE IG authors worked with HL7 reviewers to resolve all negative comments, leading to a modest expansion in the number of data elements and tighter alignment with FHIR and other HL7 conventions. The mCODE version 1.0 FHIR IG Standard for Trial Use was formally published on March 18, 2020. CONCLUSION The mCODE project has the potential to offer tremendous benefits to cancer care delivery and research by creating an infrastructure to better share patient data. mCODE is available free from www.mCODEinitiative.org . Pilot implementations are underway, and a robust community of stakeholders has been assembled across the oncology ecosystem.
Characterization of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Identifies M0 Macrophage-Enriched Cluster as a Poor Prognostic Factor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Farha Mark , Jairath Neil K. , Lawrence Theodore S. , El Naqa Issam 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. The tumor immune microenvironment in HCC has been characterized as shifted toward immunosuppression. We conducted a genomic data-driven classification of immune microenvironment HCC subtypes. In addition, we demonstrated their prognostic value and suggested a potential therapeutic targeting strategy. METHODS RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas–Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma was used (n = 366). Abundance of immune cells was imputed using CIBERSORT and visualized using unsupervised hierarchic clustering. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression. Differential expression and gene set enrichment analyses were conducted on immune clusters with poor OS and high programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) coexpression. A scoring metric combining differentially expressed genes and immune cell content was created, and its prognostic value and immune checkpoint blockade response prediction was evaluated. RESULTS Two clusters were characterized by macrophage enrichment, with distinct M0Hi and M2Hi subtypes. M2Hi ( P = .038) and M0Hi ( P = .018) were independently prognostic for OS on multivariable analysis. Kaplan-Meier estimates demonstrated that patients in M0Hi and M2Hi treated with sorafenib had decreased OS ( P = .041), and angiogenesis hallmark genes were enriched in the M0Hi group. CXCL6 and POSTN were overexpressed in both the M0Hi and the PD-1Hi/PD-L1Hi groups. A score consisting of CXCL6 and POSTN expression and absolute M0 macrophage content was discriminatory for OS (intermediate: hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; P ≤ .001; unfavorable: HR, 2.08; P = .04). CONCLUSION Distinct immune cell clusters with macrophage predominance characterize an aggressive HCC phenotype, defined molecularly by angiogenic gene enrichment and clinically by poor prognosis and sorafenib response. This novel immunogenomic signature may aid in stratification of unresectable patients to receive checkpoint inhibitor and antiangiogenic therapy combinations.
Reproductive and Perinatal Outcomes in Women with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Hirschberg Angelica Lindén , Gidlöf Sebastian , Falhammar Henrik , Frisén Louise , Almqvist Catarina , Nordenskjöld Agneta , Nordenström Anna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
Reduced fertility has been reported for women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), especially for those with the salt-losing form. However, data are sparse on reproductive and perinatal outcomes in these women.

Objective
To investigate reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with CAH.

Design and Setting
Population-based and nationwide study using the National CAH Register, the Total Population Register, and the Medical Birth Register of Sweden.

Participants
A total of 272 women with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency and 27 200 controls matched by sex, age, and place of birth. The median age was 31 years.

Main outcome measures
The proportion of CAH women that have given birth, and reproductive and perinatal outcomes.

Results
Of the 272 women with CAH, 69 gave birth to at least 1 child (25.4%), which was a lower frequency than for the controls (45.8%) (P &lt; .001). Furthermore, women with CAH had fewer children than controls and were slightly older at birth of their first child. More women with CAH were diagnosed with gestational diabetes than controls, 4.9% versus 1.4% (P &lt; .05), and more women with CAH were delivered through cesarean section, 51.4% versus 12.3% (P &lt; .05). There was no difference in Apgar score or frequency of small-for-gestational age between children born to mothers with CAH and controls.

Conclusions
This is, to our knowledge, the largest cohort designed to investigate reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with CAH. We found the birth rate to be lower in women with CAH; gestational diabetes and cesarean section were more common, but perinatal outcomes were comparable with controls.