bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data generation for composite-based structural equation modeling methods
Authors: Schlittgen Rainer , Sarstedt Marko , Ringle Christian M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExamining the efficacy of composite-based structural equation modeling (SEM) features prominently in research. However, studies analyzing the efficacy of corresponding estimators usually rely on factor model data. Thereby, they assess and analyze their performance on erroneous grounds (i.e., factor model data instead of composite model data). A potential reason for this malpractice lies in the lack of available composite model-based data generation procedures for prespecified model parameters in the structural model and the measurements models. Addressing this gap in research, we derive model formulations and present a composite model-based data generation approach. The findings will assist researchers in their composite-based SEM simulation studies.
Management of acute pulmonary embolism 2019: what is new in the updated European guidelines?
Authors: Konstantinides Stavros , Meyer Guy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most frequent acute cardiovascular syndrome. Annual PE incidence and PE-related mortality rates rise exponentially with age, and consequently, the disease burden imposed by PE on the society continues to rise as the population ages worldwide. Recently published landmark trials provided the basis for new or changed recommendations included in the 2019 update of the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines (developed in cooperation with the European Respiratory Society). Refinements in diagnostic algorithms were proposed and validated, increasing the specificity of pre-test clinical probability andd-dimer testing, and thus helping to avoid unnecessary pulmonary angiograms. Improved diagnostic strategies were also successfully tested in pregnant women with suspected PE. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are now the preferred agents for treating the majority of patients with PE, both in the acute phase (with or without a brief lead-in period of parenteral heparin or fondaparinux) and over the long term. Primary reperfusion is reserved for haemodynamically unstable patients. Besides, the 2019 Guidelines endorse multidisciplinary teams for coordinating the acute-phase management of high-risk and (in selected cases) intermediate-risk PE. For normotensive patients, physicians are advised to include the assessment of the right ventricle on top of clinical severity scores in further risk stratification, especially if early discharge of the patient is envisaged. Further important updates include guidance (1) on extended anticoagulation after PE, taking into account the improved safety profile of NOACs; and (2) on the overall care and follow-up of patients who have suffered PE, with the aim to prevent, detect and treat late sequelae of venous thromboembolism.
A review on the state of knowledge, conceptual and theoretical contentions of major theories and principles governing groundwater flow modeling
Authors: Mussa Kassim Ramadhani , Mjemah Ibrahimu Chikira , Muzuka Alfred Nzibavuga Nyarubakula 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDecision-makers require correct and adequate information on groundwater flow systems in a basin in order to formulate sustainable water resources development strategies. However, the practicality and realism of groundwater flow system models depend on the validity, reliability and availability of quality data and information, and how they are used in model development and calibration. This goes hand in hand with how the underlying theories, tenets and assumptions are understood, interpreted and applied. The more uncertain and contentious the information is, the wider are the knowledge and theoretical gaps, and thus the less useful the model results are for decision-making. The understanding of water table types in groundwater basins has become one of the additional factors for an in-depth understanding and modeling of nested groundwater flow systems. The classification of water table types using a water table ratio provides that if the ratio is more than 1, this depicts a topography-controlled area and a ratio of less than 1 depicts a recharge-controlled terrain. Log transformation of the water table ratio proved the same interpretation. This paper therefore reviews the evolution of groundwater flow systems theory, the prevailing knowledge and theoretical gaps by specifically pinpointing the theoretical and conceptual contentions and additional factors which can possibly limit the application of groundwater flow theories in regional groundwater modeling studies. The implications of how the conceptual and theoretical contentions affect groundwater modeling for decision-making in groundwater development and management are also pinpointed in this paper.
Live cell imaging and proteomic profiling of endogenous NEAT1 lncRNA by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in
Authors: Chen Bohong , Deng Shengcheng , Ge Tianyu , Ye Miaoman , Yu Jianping , Lin Song , Ma Wenbin , Songyang Zhou 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn mammalian cells, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) form complexes with proteins to execute various biological functions such as gene transcription, RNA processing and other signaling activities. However, methods to track endogenous lncRNA dynamics in live cells and screen for lncRNA interacting proteins are limited. Here, we report the development of CERTIS (CRISPR-mediated Endogenous lncRNA Tracking and Immunoprecipitation System) to visualize and isolate endogenous lncRNA, by precisely inserting a 24-repeat MS2 tag into the distal end of lncRNA locus through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we show that CERTIS effectively labeled the paraspeckle lncRNA NEAT1 without disturbing its physiological properties and could monitor the endogenous expression variation of NEAT1. In addition, CERTIS displayed superior performance on both short- and long-term tracking of NEAT1 dynamics in live cells. We found that NEAT1 and paraspeckles were sensitive to topoisomerase I specific inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) of the MS2-tagged NEAT1 lncRNA successfully revealed several new protein components of paraspeckle. Our results support CERTIS as a tool suitable to track both spatial and temporal lncRNA regulation in live cells as well as study the lncRNA-protein interactomes.
Development and evaluation of a&nbsp;simulation-based transition to clerkship course
Authors: Austin Jared P. , Baskerville Mark , Bumsted Tracy , Haedinger Leslie , Nonas Stephanie , Pohoata Eugen , Rogers Meghan , Spickerman Megan , Thuillier Philippe , Mitchell Suzanne H. 
Published: May 2020

Background Transition to clerkship courses bridge the curricular gap between preclinical and clinical medical education. However, despite the use of simulation-based teaching techniques in other aspects of medical training, these techniques have not been adequately described in transition courses. We describe the development, structure and evaluation of a simulation-based transition to clerkship course.
Approach Beginning in 2012, our institution embarked upon an extensive curricular transformation geared toward competency-based education. As part of this effort, a group of 12 educators designed, developed and implemented a simulation-based transition course. The course curriculum involved seven goals, centered around the 13 Association of American Medical Colleges Core Entrustable Professional Activities for entering residency. Instructional techniques included high-fidelity simulation, and small and large group didactics. Student competency was determined through a simulation-based inpatient-outpatient objective structured clinical examination, with real-time feedback and remediation. The effectiveness of the course was assessed through a mixed methods approach involving pre- and post-course surveys and a focus group.
Evaluation Of 166 students, 152 (91.6%) completed both pre- and post-course surveys, and nine students participated in the focus group. Students reported significant improvements in 21 out of 22 course objectives. Qualitative analysis revealed three key themes: learning environment, faculty engagement and collegiality. The main challenge to executing the course was procuring adequate faculty, material and facility resources.
Reflection This simulation-based, resource-heavy transition course achieved its educational objectives and provided a safe, supportive learning environment for practicing and refining clinical skills.
Review of Current Practices of Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Hip Fracture and Surgery
Authors: Dangle Jyoti , Kukreja Promil , Kalagara Hari 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis article aims to describe the anatomical and technical aspects of various regional techniques used for fracture hip and hip surgery. We reviewed the commonly used nerve blocks, interfascial plane blocks and current evidence of their utility in hip fracture patients.Recent FindingsFascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and femoral nerve block (FNB) are the most commonly used nerve blocks for providing pain relief for hip fracture patients. Supra-inguinal FICB has more consistent spread to all nerves and can enable better pain control. Both the FICB and FNB have shown analgesic efficacy with reduced pain scores, opioid sparing effect, and they enable better patient positioning for spinal in the operating room. These nerve blocks in the elderly patients can also have beneficial effects on delirium, reduced hospital length of stay, and decreased incidence of pneumonia. Some of the novel interfascial plane blocks like PEricapsular Nerve Group (PENG) blocks are now being explored to provide pain relief for fracture hip.SummaryHip fracture in the elderly has associated morbidity and mortality. Early surgical intervention has shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. Pain management in this elderly population poses a unique challenge and complementing with regional anesthesia for analgesia has shown numerous benefits.
Combining diagnostic memory clinic with rehabilitation follow-up after hip fracture
Authors: Jaatinen Roope , Luukkaala Tiina , Viitanen Matti , Nuotio Maria S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Cognitive impairment and dementia are common in older hip fracture patients. We describe new diagnoses of cognitive disorders (NDCDs) and associated factors in a two-year post-hip fracture follow-up including the use of the diagnostic facilities of a memory clinic.

Methods
Data were collected on admission and at outpatient assessment 4–6 months post-hip fracture. Diagnoses of cognitive disorders followed the evidence-based Finnish national care guideline including internationally accepted criteria. NDCDs up to 2 years post-hip fracture were extracted manually from the patient files. Logistic regression models were computed to examine the associations between the pre-fracture factors and the domains of the outpatient geriatric assessment and NDCDs.

Results
Of the 1165 hip fracture patients aged ≥ 65 years, 831 had no previous diagnosis of cognitive disorder. Of these, NDCD was documented in 23.3%. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with or without vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) was the most common diagnosis. Cognitive disorder was usually at a moderate stage. Age, higher ASA score and poor nutritional status on admission were associated with new cognitive disorders. At the outpatient follow-up, poorer activities of daily living and mobility disability were associated with NDCD. Patients with a NDCD were more likely to suffer greater mobility impairment, poorer nutritional status and to have more supported living arrangements at follow-up than in the pre-fracture situation.

Conclusion
NDCDs are common after hip fracture and associated with impaired rehabilitation outcomes and poor nutritional status. A post-hip fracture assessment co-organized in the form of a memory clinic seems to be feasible to detect previously undiagnosed cognitive disorders. Earlier diagnosis of cognitive disorders is warranted.
The self-as-mother in the preschool years: an interpretive phenomenological analysis
Authors: Hansen Lauren 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere has been little research into the well-being of mothers after 12 months post-partum, despite researchers finding that depressive symptoms are more prevalent at 4 years post-partum than at any other time preceding this. The literature suggests that a woman’s view of the mother role impacts on her well-being in the early years of parenting. This qualitative research study investigated the experiences of mothers of preschool-aged children in Melbourne, Australia, and how they incorporated the role of mother into their self. Eight semi-structured interviews were completed, and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data. The data revealed four subthemes relating to the emergence of the maternal self: becoming a mother as a journey of self-discovery, the biological imperatives of becoming a mother, remothering and the continued challenges of the emerging mother role. Although the experiences of mothering are as diverse as women themselves, even in the mostly homogenous sample, as in this study, several themes were present that both support and diverge from the existing literature.
COVID-19: Stroke Admissions, Emergency Department Visits, and Prevention Clinic Referrals
Authors: Bres Bullrich Maria , Fridman Sebastian , Mandzia Jennifer L. , Mai Lauren M. , Khaw Alexander , Vargas Gonzalez Juan Camilo , Bagur Rodrigo , Sposato Luciano A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract:We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic on code stroke activations in the emergency department, stroke unit admissions, and referrals to the stroke prevention clinic at London’s regional stroke center, serving a population of 1.8 million in Ontario, Canada. We found a 20% drop in the number of code strokes in 2020 compared to 2019, immediately after the first cases of COVID-19 were officially confirmed. There were no changes in the number of stroke admissions and there was a 22% decrease in the number of clinic referrals, only after the provincial lockdown. Our findings suggest that the decrease in code strokes was mainly driven by patient-related factors such as fear to be exposed to the SARS-CoV-2, while the reduction in clinic referrals was largely explained by hospital policies and the Government lockdown.
How Does Forced-CEO-Turnover Experience Affect Directors?
Authors: Ellis Jesse , Guo Lixiong , Mobbs Shawn 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe study changes in independent director behavior and labor-market outcomes after the experience of a forced Chief Executive Officer (CEO) turnover. We find that independent directors are more willing to fire CEOs of underperforming firms, hire outside CEOs after a firing, and encourage better board-meeting attendance by fellow directors. We also find that the shareholders of poorly performing firms react positively when experienced directors join the board. It does come with a small cost for directors, in terms of additional directorships, although the cost is not as great as that for directors who do not fire the CEO of a poorly performing firm.
Differential antimicrobial susceptibility profiles between symptomatic and asymptomatic non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in Vietnamese children
Authors: Parisi Andrea , Le Thi Phuong Tu , Mather Alison E. , Jombart Thibaut , Thanh Tuyen Ha , Phu Huong Lan Nguyen , Hoang Thu Trang Nguyen , Carrique-Mas Juan , Campbell James I. , Glass Kathryn , Kirk Martyn D. , Baker Stephen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars, sequences types and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles have specific associations with animal and human infections in Vietnam. Antimicrobial resistance may have an effect on the manifestation of human NTS infections, with isolates from asymptomatic individuals being more susceptible to antimicrobials than those associated with animals and human diarrhoea.
Healthy eating recommendations: good for reducing dietary contribution to the body’s advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products pool?
Authors: del Castillo María Dolores , Iriondo-DeHond Amaia , Iriondo-DeHond Maite , Gonzalez Ileana , Medrano Alejandra , Filip Rosana , Uribarri Jaime 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present review aims to give dietary recommendations to reduce the occurrence of the Maillard reaction in foods and in vivo to reduce the body’s advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products (AGE/ALE) pool. A healthy diet, food reformulation and good culinary practices may be feasible for achieving the goal. A varied diet rich in fresh vegetables and fruits, non-added sugar beverages containing inhibitors of the Maillard reaction, and foods prepared by steaming and poaching as culinary techniques is recommended. Intake of supplements and novel foods with low sugars, low fats, enriched in bioactive compounds from food and waste able to modulate carbohydrate metabolism and reduce body’s AGE/ALE pool is also recommended. In conclusion, the recommendations made for healthy eating by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and Harvard University seem to be adequate to reduce dietary AGE/ALE, the body’s AGE/ALE pool and to achieve sustainable nutrition and health.
Response of the public and restaurant owners to the mandatory menu energy-labelling implementation in restaurants in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhaldy Areej A , Taha Doha S , Alsahafi Shahad E , Naaman Rouba K , Alkhalaf Majid M 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective:Mandatory menu energy-labelling policy in restaurants has received increasing attention worldwide as a useful tool for promoting balanced energy intake and encouraging healthier food selection to reduce obesity prevalence. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, views and observations of the public and restaurant owners towards the mandatory menu energy-labelling policy (introduced in August 2018) in restaurants in Saudi Arabia.Design:In February 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study using an electronic questionnaire.Setting:Saudi Arabia.Participants:Saudi individuals (n 1228) aged 18–80 years and forty-one restaurant owners.Results:Most participants identified the correct daily energetic requirements for moderately active men (51 %) and women (69 %), but not for inactive adults (36 %). Although 40 % reported adequate knowledge to select low-energetic meals and 55 % perceived the policy as useful, 51 % reported they would be less likely to eat at restaurants displaying energy. Most participants (76 %) mentioned they would choose lower-energetic meals, and 79 % would feel guilty after consuming high-energetic meals. Moreover, 62 % of participants reported that the new labelling policy affected their food selections, prompting them to order different food items, eat less, change restaurants or eat at restaurants less frequently. Among restaurant owners, half were aware of the reason for the implementation of this policy and supported this measure. However, they did not consider modifying recipes to reduce energy. Sales of low- and high-energetic meals increased and decreased in 44 % and 39 % of restaurants, respectively.Conclusions:This policy may be an effective public health tool for promoting balanced energy intake and encouraging healthier food selection in Saudi Arabia.
Does microgravity effect on oral and maxillofacial region?
Authors: Stevens Mark , Keyhan Seied Omid , Ghasemi Shohreh , Fallahi Hamid Reza , Akbarnia Shahriar , Dashti Mahmood , Akbar Boojar Fargol Mashhadi , Zadeh Maneli Ardeshir , Cheshmi Behzad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSince the beginning of the era of space travel, there have been mentions of related health effects. Various studies have described the effect of space travel and microgravity on health. Some of these studies involved short and extended follow-ups of the effect of microgravity on the head and neck of astronauts. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the oral and maxillofacial health effects associated with this sophisticated mission. It is essential to identify relevant problems and address microgravity complications. Humans have long dreamed of flying and in recent years, the dream has evolved to exploring space and creating new habitats on other planets such as Mars. This led to an increase in the need for dental treatment of the flight crew members, which led to the creation of aviation dentistry for the screening and treatment of the oral cavity of the flight crew. We are moving towards a more conservative approach than before, such as removing pulpless teeth in aircrew patients or extracting roots that had a fracture or incomplete extraction. With all the advancements in aerospace knowledge, the aviation dentistry has rarely or briefly been discussed in dental textbooks. Dentists must screen each flight crew member thoroughly and impose flight restrictions and ground them if necessary; the reasons will be discussed later within this paper. It is the duty of dentists and surgeons to notify their patients (aircrew members) about the postoperative flight consequences and restrictions.
Circulating microRNAs overexpressed in macrosomia: an experimental and bioinformatic approach
Authors: Ortiz-Dosal Alejandra , Arellanes-Licea Elvira del Carmen , Rodil-García Patricia , Salazar-Olivo Luis A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLow birth weight (LBW) and macrosomia have been associated with later-in-life metabolic alterations. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the expression levels of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) associated with adult metabolic diseases are also dysregulated in newborns with LBW or macrosomia. The expression levels of five microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with metabolic diseases were quantified in dried blood spots of newborns with adequate birth weight, LBW and macrosomia by stem-loop real-time polymerase chain reaction. miR-29a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-486-5p were significantly overexpressed in newborns with macrosomia and showed no significant change in the LBW group compared to normal weight controls. miR-320a showed no statistical difference among groups. We predicted the putative target genes and pathways of the overexpressed miRNAs with bioinformatic tools. Bioinformatic analyses of overexpressed miRNAs predicted target genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, participate in FoxO and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and are associated with diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The overexpression of circulating miR-29a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-486-5p may explain the increased risk of obesity and diabetes associated with macrosomia. The use of dried blood spots from newborn screening cards to quantify miRNAs expression levels could be an early and minimally invasive predictive tool for these metabolic alterations.