bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fünf Jahre PLEURATUMOR-Register der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie
Authors: Markowiak Till , Hofmann Hans-Stefan , Ried Michael 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Seit dem 01.01.2015 dokumentiert das deutschlandweite „PLEURATUMOR-Register der DGT“ die wichtigsten Parameter von thoraxchirurgisch behandelten Patienten mit primären und sekundären malignen Pleuraerkrankungen. Sowohl Erst- als auch Rezidiverkrankungen sollen in dieser Onlinedatenbank erfasst werden. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt des Registers liegt auf der Dokumentation von Patienten mit einer Pleurakarzinose, einem malignen Pleuramesotheliom und Tumoren des Thymus mit pleuraler Aussaat.
Material und Methoden Im März 2020 erfolgte eine strukturierte Auswertung aller bis einschließlich Dezember 2019 dokumentierten Patienten in der Datenbank.
Ergebnisse Zu diesem Zeitpunkt nahmen 33 Abteilungen/Kliniken am PLEURATUMOR-Register teil. Es wurden bisher 670 Patienten erfasst. Von diesen Datensätzen waren 522 Fälle vollständig und bei 516 dieser Patienten wurde eine Operation durchgeführt. Im Jahr 2017 wurden bisher die meisten Patienten vollständig dokumentiert (n = 135; 26,2%), im Jahr 2019 waren es 72 (14%). Mit 317 gelisteten Patienten (61,4%) war die Pleurakarzinose die am häufigsten erfasste pleurale Tumorerkrankung, gefolgt vom malignen Pleuramesotheliom (n = 175; 33,9%) sowie dem pleural metastasierten Thymom/Thymuskarzinom (n = 11; 2,1%). Der Großteil der Patienten (n = 499; 96,7%) wurde aufgrund einer Erstmanifestation behandelt. Der am häufigsten dokumentierte Eingriff war die VATS-Talkumpleurodese (n = 204; 39,5%). Bei 69 Patienten (13,4%) führte man im Anschluss an eine zytoreduktive Operation eine hypertherme intrathorakale Chemotherapie durch. Postoperative Komplikationen traten bei 107
Patienten (20,7%) auf, in 35 Fällen (6,8%) war eine operative Revision erforderlich. Die 30-Tage-Letalität betrug insgesamt 8,3% (n = 43).
Schlussfolgerung Durch die konsequente Dateneingabe der teilnehmenden Kliniken konnte bereits eine repräsentative Datenmenge an pleuralen Tumorerkrankungen erfasst werden. Zukünftig erhoffen wir uns eine konsequente und möglichst vollständige Fortführung der Dateneingabe sowie die Initiierung von registerbasierten Studien.
Brustwandrekonstruktion mittels Polypropylennetz: eine monozentrische 8-jährige Analyse
Authors: Schroeder-Finckh Alexander , Lopez-Pastorini Alberto , Galetin Thomas , Stoelben Erich , Koryllos Aris 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Brustwandresektionen für die Behandlung von malignen Erkrankungen benötigen häufig eine Rekonstruktion des Defektes. Wir berichten über unsere monozentrische, 8-jährige Erfahrung in Brustwandrekonstruktion mithilfe eines monofilen Polypropylennetzes. Ziel unserer retrospektiven Analyse war die Erkennung von materialbezogenen Komplikationen und der Vergleich mit der vorhandenen Literatur.
Material und Methoden Einschlusskriterium in unserer retrospektiven Kohorte war eine Brustwandvollexzision und Rekonstruktion mittels Polypropylennetzes bei hauptsächlich onkologischem Indikationsspektrum (z. B. Sarkome, Metastasen, Lungenkarzinome mit Infiltration der Brustwand) im Zeitraum Januar 2008 bis Januar 2017. Primäre Endpunkte waren materialbezogene Komplikationen: lokale Infektion, Serom, Materialmigration, Netzexplantation und Brustwandinstabilität. Sekundäre Endpunkte waren folgende postoperative Komplikationen: Pneumonie, Acute respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Nachblutung und prolongierte postoperative Beatmung (> 24 h postoperativ).
Ergebnisse In einem Zeitraum von 8 Jahren wurden insgesamt 202 Brustwandresektionen in unserer Klinik durchgeführt. Davon wurden 138 Defekte mithilfe eines Polypropylennetzes rekonstruiert. Mit einer Rate von 12,3% war die Pneumonie die häufigste postoperative Komplikation. In 5,7% der Fälle entwickelte sich ein Wundserom, das die Anlage einer Redon-Sogdrainage notwendig machte. In 3 Fällen (2,1%) wurde eine lokale Wundinfektion mikrobiologisch bestätigt. In einem dieser Fälle musste das Rekonstruktionsmaterial entfernt werden. Die 30-Tage-Mortalität betrug 1,4% mit 2 postoperativen Todesfällen. Eine Materialmigration oder Brustwandinstabilität mit paradoxem Atembewegungsmuster wurden in keinem Fall dokumentiert.
Fazit Die Brustwandrekonstruktion mittels Polypropylen ist eine komplikationsarme Technik. Die hier aufgezeigte niedrige Rate an lokalen Infektionen, Materialexplantationen sowie Brustkorbinstabilität kann ein hilfreicher Entscheidungsfaktor für den operierenden Thoraxchirurgen auf der Suche nach dem geeigneten Rekonstruktionsmaterial sein.
Medikolegale Aspekte des medizinischen Kinderschutzes in der präklinischen Notfallmedizin – eine Befragung der Berliner Notärzte
Authors: Peters Sybille , Beneker Jörg , Hartwig Sven 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Notärzte können im Rettungsdienst jederzeit mit einem (Verdachts)Fall von Kindesmisshandlung konfrontiert werden. Relevanz und Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit diesem sind Ziel der Untersuchung.
Methoden 445 Berliner Notärzte erhielten per E-Mail einen Link zu einem teilstandardisierten Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Häufigkeit von (Verdachts)Fällen von Kindesmisshandlung im subjektiven Erleben der Notärzte im Jahr 2018, zu Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit diesen sowie zu Voraussetzungen für einen medizinischen Kinderschutz.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 21,1%. 55,9% der Notärzte sahen 2018 mindestens einen (Verdachts)Fall von Kindesmisshandlung. Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit diesen benennen 95,7%.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse zeigen, Notärzte sind in ihren Einsätzen mit Kindesmisshandlungen konfrontiert. Der Erwerb medizinrechtlicher und diagnostisch-medizinischer Kenntnisse kann die Handlungssicherheit der Notärzte stärken.
Cardiovascular Biomarkers and Calculated Cardiovascular Risk in
Orally Treated Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Is There a Link?
Authors: Markova Aleksandra , Boyanov Mihail , Bakalov Deniz , Kundurdjiev Atanas , Tsakova Adelina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to test the correlation of serum levels of
asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelin 1 (ET-1), N-terminal brain
natriuretic pro-peptide (NT-proBNP), and placental growth factor (PIGF-1)
with estimated cardiovascular (CV) risk. The study group was composed of 102
women and 67 men with type 2 diabetes, having their glycemic and metabolic
parameters assessed. All were on oral antidiabetic drugs. Serum levels of
NT-proBNP and PIGF-1 were measured by electro-hemi-luminescence on an
Elecsys 2010 analyzer. Enzymatic immunoassays were used for ADMA and ET-1.
The Framingham Risk Score (FRS), the UKPDS 2.0 and the ADVANCE risk engines
were used to calculate cardiovascular risks while statistical analysis was
performed on SPSS. Levels of PIGF-1 showed no correlation with the
calculated CV risks. The same was true for ADMA, except for a weak
correlation with the UKPDS-based 10-year risk for stroke (Pearsons’s
R=0.167, p=0.039). Plasma levels of ET-1 were correlated
with the UKPDS-based 10-year risk for stroke (R=0.184,
p=0.032) and fatal stroke (R=0.215, p=0.012) only.
NT-proBNP was significantly correlated with all CV risk calculations:
ADVANCE-based 4-yr risk (Spearman’s Rho=0.521,
p<0.001); UKPDS-based 10-year risk for: CHD (Rho=0.209,
p=0.01), fatal CHD (Rho=0.282, p<0.001), stroke
(Rho=0.482, p<0.001), fatal stroke (Rho=0.505,
p<0.001); and 10-year FRS risk (Rho=0.246, p=0.002).
In conclusion, ADMA and PIGF-1 did not seem useful in stratifying CV risk
while ET-1 is linked to the risk of stroke, and NT-proBNP to all CV risk
estimations.
Endemic Fungi Presenting as Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Review
Authors: Azar Marwan M. , Malo Joshua , Hage Chadi A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn endemic areas, dimorphic fungal infections due to Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Coccidioides posadasii/immitis account for up to 30% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia. Because respiratory manifestations are often indistinguishable from common bacterial causes of pneumonia, the diagnosis of pulmonary histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis is often delayed and associated with antibiotics overuse. In addition to being highly endemic to certain regions of North America, dimorphic fungi have global significance due to established areas of endemicity in all six inhabited continents, an increasingly interconnected world of travelers and transported goods, and a changing epidemiology as a result of global heating and anthropomorphic land utilization. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and treatment strategies for histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis.
Melioidosis: A Neglected Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Virk Harjeet Singh , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , Wiersinga W. Joost 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMelioidosis, caused by the facultative intracellular gram-negative pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an emerging cause of community-acquired pneumonia across the tropics. The majority of patients present with pneumonia with or without sepsis, but localized and asymptomatic infection is also well recognized. Recent modeling and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the widespread presence of B. pseudomallei in otherwise unrecognized regions with a predicted mortality of 90,000 deaths worldwide. Innovative environmental studies are also uncovering how hydrodynamic, pedology, fauna, and weather events influence geographic distribution and incidence of melioidosis cases. Of concern is the changes associated with global warming, which will be conducive to B. pseudomallei in combination with the global diabetes pandemic. In fact, over 80% of patient developing melioidosis have underlying comorbidities. For this great mimicker, culture remains the mainstay of diagnosis and despite availability of other assays, challenges still remain in reducing time to diagnosis and avoiding misdiagnosis. With institution of timely antimicrobials such as ceftazidime and supportive intensive care, overall mortality can be reduced to 10%, although this can still be as high as 50% in poorly resourced areas. Promise is on the horizon with the first human vaccine trials being planned for 2021. Meanwhile new multiomics techniques are giving us a better understanding of the role of virulence and host–pathogen interactions on patient outcomes.
Bridge Plate Design Effects on Yield and Fatigue in Distal Radius Fracture Model
Authors: Ilyas Asif M. , Hayward Gerald M. , Harris Jonathan A. , Wang Wenhai , Bucklen Brandon S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Bridge plating for distal radius fractures is indicated for complex fractures with comminution, extensive articular involvement, and/or cases requiring immediate weight bearing. Bridge plate fixation of distal radius fractures is a well-documented treatment method; however, failures have been reported with repetitive loading through the bridged distal radius fracture. Plate design is implicated as a cause of plate fracture in select clinical studies but few mechanical tests comparing bridge plate designs have been reported. This study sought to determine the impact of plate design on bridge plates intended to allow for immediate weight-bearing.
Methods Axial static (n = 3) and dynamic testing (n = 3) was performed on three distraction plates designs: bridge plate 1 (BP1) with central holes, bridge plate 2 (BP2) without central holes, and locking compression plate (BP3). Plates were loaded in axial compression with a simulated 10-mm fracture gap.
Results Significant static load differences were noted between all groups. Static load to failure for BP1, BP3, and BP2 were 240 ± 5 N, 398 ± 9 N, and 420 ± 3 N, respectively (p < 0.05). BP1 was the only plate series that failed during dynamic testing; all other plates achieved 100,000 cycles. Failure mode was a fracture occurring through the central screw hole of BP1. Finite element analysis demonstrated the effects of central screw holes on stress, strain, and plastic deformation under loading.
Conclusion Unused screw holes are the mechanical weak points; plates designed without these central screw holes are expected to survive greater load values. The threshold for clinical importance will need to be determined by future studies.
The use of mobile lidar data and Gaofen-2 image to classify roadside trees
Authors: Wang Minye , Liu Rufei , Lu Xiushan , Ren Hongwei , Chen Min , Yu Jiayong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Roadside trees are a vital component of urban greenery and play an important role in intelligent transportation and environmental protection. Quickly and efficiently identifying the spatial distribution of roadside trees is key to providing basic data for urban management and conservation decisions. In this study, we researched the potential of data fusing the Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite imagery rich in spectral information and mobile light detection and ranging (lidar) system (MLS) high-precision three-dimensional data to improve roadside tree classification accuracy. Specifically, a normalized digital surface model (nDSM) was derived from the lidar point cloud. GF-2 imagery was fused with an nDSM at the pixel level using the Gram–Schmidt algorithm. Then, samples were set including roadside tree samples from lidar data extracted by random sample consensus and other objects samples from field observation using the Global Positioning System. Finally, we conducted a segmentation process to generate an object-based image and completed the roadside tree classification at object level based on a support vector machine classifier using spectral features and completed local binary pattern (CLBP) texture features. Results show that classification using GF-2 alone and using nDSM alone result in 67.34% and 69.39% overall accuracy respectively with serious misclassification. The fusion image based on GF-2 and nDSM yields 77.55% overall accuracy. This means that the fusion of multi-source data is a great improvement over individual data. After adding the CLBP texture feature to the classification procedure, the classification accuracy of the fusion image is increased to 87.76%. The addition of CLBP texture features can clearly reduce the noise . Our results indicate that the classification of urban roadside trees can be realized by the fusion of satellite data and mobile lidar data with CLBP texture feature using the target-based classification method. Results also suggest that MLS data and CLBP texture features have the potential to effectively and efficiently improve the accuracy of satellite remote sensing classification.
A modified velocity updating algorithm for a strapdown INS
Authors: Ben Yueyang , Gao Qianqian , Li Qian , Liu Xingyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Velocity updating typically involves integration of the transformed specific force and gravity Coriolis velocity increments. If the angular rate and specific force vectors maintain fixed directions relative to a frame, updating the velocity in that frame will be straightforward. In practice, the coning angular rate and sculling specific force vectors cause a calculation error in velocity updating on the navigation frame. Thus, the development of sculling compensation algorithms for the reduction of the sculling error is necessary. In this study, a new method for the propagation of vehicle velocity is proposed. This method utilizes an auxiliary frame that slews along with the angular rate and specific force vectors, which remain fixed in the auxiliary frame. This transforms and integrates the specific force vector in this auxiliary frame such that it is error-free. Additionally, the updated velocity can be obtained by translating the above results to the navigation frame, thereby avoiding the need for sculling correction. The validity of this proposed method under the influence of a typical slewing motion was established experimentally, suggesting that it provides an efficient and accurate velocity propagation method that can be employed in aerospace applications.
School formation characteristics and stimuli based modeling of tetra fish
Authors: Rahman S R , Sajjad I , Mansoor M M , Belden J , Murphy C T , Truscott T T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Self-organizing motion is an important yet inadequately understood phenomena in the field of collective behavior. For birds flocks, insect swarms, and fish schools, group behavior can provide a mechanism for defense against predators, better foraging and mating capabilities and increased hydro/aerodynamic efficiency in long-distance migration events. Although collective motion has received much scientific attention, more work is required to model and understand the mechanisms responsible for school initiation and formation, and information transfer within these groups. Here we investigate schooling of black tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi) fish triggered by startle stimuli in the form of approaching objects. High-speed video and tagging techniques were used to track the school and individual members. We then measured several variables including reaction times, group formation shapes, fish velocity, group density, and leadership within the group. These data reveal three things: (1) information propagates through the group as a wave, indicating that each fish is not reacting individually to the stimulus, (2) the time taken for information to transfer across the group is independent of group density, and (3) information propagates across large groups faster than would be expected if the fish were simply responding to the motion of their nearest neighbor. A model was then built wherein simulated fish have a simple ‘stimuli/escape’ vector based on a hypothetical field of vision. The model was used to simulate a group of individual fish with initial conditions, size, and stimuli similar to the biological experiments. The model revealed similar behavior to the biological experiments and provide insights into the observed patterns, response times, and wave speeds.
Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on chitosan/gelatin scaffolds: gene expression profile and mechanical analysis
Authors: Papadogiannis Fotios , Batsali Aristea , Klontzas Michail E , Karabela Maria , Georgopoulou Anthie , Mantalaris Athanasios , Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos E , Chatzinikolaidou Maria , Pontikoglou Charalampos 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the present study we explore the extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation within porous chitosan/gelatin (CS:Gel) scaffolds by investigating their multiple gene expression profile and mechanical behavior. Initially, the efficiency of the BM-MSCs osteogenic differentiation within the constructs was confirmed by the significant rise in the expression of the osteogenesis associated genes DLX5, RUNX2, ALP and OSC. In line with these findings, OSC and Col1A1 protein expression was also detected in BM-MSCs on the CS:Gel scaffolds at day 14 of osteogenic differentiation. We then profiled, for the first time, the expression of 84 cell adhesion and ECM molecules using PCR arrays. The arrays, which were conducted at day 14 of osteogenic differentiation, demonstrated that 49 genes including collagens, integrins, laminins, ECM proteases, catenins, thrombospondins, ECM protease inhibitors and cell-cell adhesion molecules were differentially expressed in BM-MSCs seeded on scaffolds compared to tissue culture polystyrene control. Moreover, we performed dynamic mechanical analysis of the cell-loaded scaffolds on days 0, 7 and 14 to investigate the correlation between the biological results and the mechanical behavior of the constructs. Our data demonstrate a significant increase in the stiffness of the constructs with storage modulus values of 2 MPa on day 7, compared to 0.5 MPa on day 0, following a drop of the stiffness at 0.8 MPa on day 14, that may be attributed to the significant increase of specific ECM protease gene expression such as MMP1, MMP9, MMP11 and MMP16 at this time period.
Light absorption of black carbon aerosols strongly influenced by particle morphology distribution
Authors: Wu Yu , Cheng Tianhai , Zheng Lijuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Atmospheric black carbon (BC) is the most important aerosol contributor to global warming. However, there is a lack of understanding about the climate impact of BC aerosols because of systematic discrepancies between model and observation estimates of light absorption enhancements (Eabs) in atmospheric processes after emissions, and such discrepancies are transferred directly into large uncertainties of aerosol radiative forcing assessments. In this study, we quantify Eabs of atmospheric BC aerosols with diverse particle morphology distributions using a multi-dimensional aerosol model. We show that current widely used Mie method may overestimate BC Eabs by ∼50% because variations in particle morphology are not considered. Although absorption calculation can be improved by including complex particle morphology and heterogeneity in composition, we find that neglect of the diverse particle morphology distributions in modeling may lead to 15% ∼ 30% relative deviations on Eabs estimations of BC aerosol ensembles. The results thus imply that particle morphology distribution should be included in models to accurately represent the radiative effects of BC aerosols.
Optical properties and growth mechanism of rock-like structured black silicon
Authors: Hsiao Yu-Jen , Nagarjuna Yempati 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, rock-like black silicon is prepared by using plasma enhanced hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (PE-HWCVD). The average grain sizes of polysilicon for 10-min, 20-min and 40-min growth time was about 12.4, 14.3 and 15.5 nm, respectively. As the growth time increased, the surface morphology had more rock like structures all over the surface which can be seen in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Growth mechanism of developing crystalline silicon is studied along with the optical property. The results showed that the PE-HWCVD silicon have low reflectivity 6.4% better than wet etch textured silicon 12.5% in the range of 400–800 nm. The black silicon has low reflectance than the wet etch textured silicon which can be perfectly used as an anti-reflective coating substance.