bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of clinical and non-clinical parameters among partial and total mastectomy patients
Authors: Alizadeh Reza , Aghsaeifard Ziba , Abbasvandi Fereshteh , Hazrati Ebrahim 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mastectomy is a common surgical procedure performed on the breast cancer patients. A number of factors influence the choice regarding the type of mastectomy and postoperative outcomes including survival rate.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to compare clinical and nonclinical parameters among partial (breast conserving surgery) and total mastectomy patients referred to our center.

Method:
In this retrospective study, 279 women who underwent partial or total mastectomy were included. A questionnaire comprising of demographic data such as; age, marital status, employment status, education level and smoking, clinical data such as; grade of tumor, tumor side, breast reconstruction (prosthesis status), biopsy status, involvement of lymph node and postoperative stress and data regarding comorbidities was drafted for all the patients.

Result:
Overall, 78 and 201 underwent total and partial mastectomy, respectively. Patients who underwent partial mastectomy were significantly younger p < 0.001, underwent radiation and chemotherapy p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively, had significantly greater incidence of heart disease p = 0.012 and were presented with greater postoperative stress p < 0.001. Patients who received total mastectomy were more to receive breast reconstruction (prosthesis) p = 0.035 and had greater lymph node involvement. The grade and side of tumor, employment status, diabetes, smoking, thyroid disease and type of incision was not significant among the two groups.

Conclusion:
Our study concludes that a number of clinical and nonclinical parameters can affect the decision of the type of mastectomy among the patients. Studies regarding postoperative outcomes such as recurrence and mortality need to be added to this data.

Highlights:
Congenital heart defects in patients with isolated microtia: evaluation using colour Doppler echocardiographic image
Authors: Guo Fengfeng , Lin Lin , Yu Xiaobo , Song YuPeng , Yang Qinghua , He LeRen , Pan Bo , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground:The objective of this study was to delineate the characteristics and incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in patients with isolated microtia and to determine whether the prevalence of CHD among patients with isolated microtia increases with the severity of microtia.Methods:A total of 804 consecutive patients had a pre-operative colour Doppler echocardiographic examination. A retrospective study was performed with the clinical and imaging data from November, 2017 to January, 2019. The χ2 test was performed to analyse the interaction between isolated microtia and CHD.Results:With the colour Doppler echocardiographic examination’s data from 804 consecutive isolated microtia patients, we found CHD, including atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, patent ductus arteriosus, and others, occurred in 52 of 804 patients (6.5%). Atrial septal defect prevalence in patients with isolated microtia was significantly higher than ventricular septal defect (24/804 versus 11/804, p < 0.05) and patent ductus arteriosus (24/804 versus 2/804, p < 0.001). Ventricular septal defect prevalence in patients with isolated microtia was significantly higher than patent ductus arteriosus (11/804 versus 2/804, p < 0.05). All four types of microtia (concha-type microtia, small concha-type microtia, lobule-type microtia, and anotia) had similar incidences of CHD with no difference in the incidences among these types (p > 0.05 respectively). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of the atrial septal defect among the four subtypes (p > 0.05 respectively). Similarly, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus also showed no differences (p > 0.05 respectively).Conclusions:The overall incidences of CHD and three most common CHD subtypes (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus) in patients with isolated microtia are higher than general population. The prevalence of CHD among patients with isolated microtia does not increase with the severity of microtia. According to our experience in this study, we suggest colour Doppler echocardiographic imaging should be performed for isolated microtia patients soon after birth if possible. Furthermore, for the plastic surgeon and anaesthesiologist, it is important to take pre-operative colour Doppler echocardiographic images which can help evaluate heart function to ensure the safety of the peri-operative period. Future studies when investigating CHDs associated with isolated microtia could focus on genetic and molecular mechanisms.
Tectono‐Magmatic, Sedimentary, and Hydrothermal History of Arsinoes and Pyrrhae Chaos, Mars
Authors: Luzzi Erica , Rossi Angelo Pio , Carli Cristian , Altieri Francesca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArsinoes and Pyrrhae Chaos are two adjacent chaotic terrains located east of Valles Marineris and west of Arabia Terra, on Mars. In this work, we produced a morpho‐stratigraphic map of the area, characterized by a volcanic bedrock disrupted into polygonal mesas and knobs (Chaotic Terrain Unit) and two nondisrupted units. The latter present a spectral variation, likely associated with hydrated minerals, and they are here interpreted as sedimentary units. The reconstructed geological history of the area starts with the emplacement of the basaltic bedrock, followed by the collapse that caused the formation of the chaotic terrains. Since evidences of volcano‐tectonic activity are widespread across the area (e.g., fissure vents/graben, radial and concentric systems of faults, y‐shaped conjunctions, lava flows, and pit chains), and an intricate system of lava conduits is hypothesized for the occurrence of such features, we propose the possibility that the whole collapse was caused primarily by volcano‐tectonic processes. In a late stage, after the end of the volcano‐tectonic activity, a lacustrine/evaporitic depositional environment could have set, with the deposition of the nondisrupted units. The hydrated minerals found in the periphery of the Chaos could be the result of hydrothermal alteration of the basaltic bedrock.
Multi‐Timescale Analysis of Tidal Variability in the Indian Ocean Using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Devlin Adam T. , Pan Jiayi , Lin Hui 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOcean tides have been observed to be changing worldwide for nonastronomical reasons, which can combine with rising mean sea level (MSL) to increase the long‐term impact to coastal regions. Tides can also exhibit variability at shorter timescales, which may be correlated with short‐term variability in MSL. This short‐term coupling may yield higher peak water levels and increased impacts of exceedance events that may be equally significant as long‐term sea level rise. Previous studies employed the tidal anomaly correlation (TAC) method to quantify the sensitivity of tides to MSL fluctuations at long‐period (>20 years) tide gauges in basin‐scale surveys of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, finding that TACs exist at most locations. The Indian Ocean also experiences significant sea level rise and tidal variability yet has been less studied due to a sparse network of tide gauges. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, more tide gauges have been established in a wider geographical range, bringing the possibility of better estimates of tidal and MSL variability. Here, we improve the TAC approach, using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method to analyze tidal amplitudes and sea level at multiple frequency bands, allowing a more effective use of shorter record tide gauges and better understanding of multiple timescales of tidal variability. We apply this approach to 73 tide gauges in the Indian Ocean to better quantify tidal variability in these under‐studied regions, finding that the majority of locations exhibit significant correlations of tides and MSL.
Tropical Instability Waves in the Atlantic Ocean: Investigating the Relative Role of Sea Surface Salinity and Temperature From 2010 to 2018
Authors: Olivier L. , Reverdin G. , Hasson A. , Boutin J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe identify and analyze tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean during 2010–2018 using satellite derived observations of sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface temperature (SST), sea level anomaly, and Argo profiles. In particular, the weekly 50‐km resolution SSS time series from the climate change initiative project provides an unprecedented opportunity to observe the salinity structure at a scale closer to the SST scale. We examine the relative contributions of SSS and SST to the horizontal surface density gradient on seasonal and interannual time scales and how they contribute to the TIW properties and energetics. For the central Atlantic TIWs, the maximum of the SST contribution to the density anomaly lags the SSS one by approximately one month. Argo vertical profiles indicate that temperature and salinity both significantly contribute to TIW‐related density anomalies. In May–June, salinity contributes to 50% of the perturbation potential energy in the top 60 m, and between 30% and 45% from July to September. While variations in SST appear to be related to dynamic processes, the interannual variability of SSS is also influenced by precipitations. However, the two leading modes of variability in the region (Atlantic Meridional and Zonal modes) do not well explain at 1°N these interannual variations.
Influence of Saharan Dust on the Large‐Scale Meteorological Environment for Development of Tropical Cyclone Over North Atlantic Ocean Basin
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhao Chuanfeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe tropical cyclones (TCs) frequently occur in the North Atlantic Ocean Basin, which is adjacent to West Africa, the largest global source of atmospheric dust. However, few studies have conducted systematic observational research of how dust affects the genesis conditions of TCs at large scales which includes sea surface temperature (SST), vorticity, vertical wind shear, and specific humidity. This study focused on the period from June–September in the years 2000 to 2018 to investigate the horizontal and vertical distributions of aerosol optical depth (AOD) (dust) and meteorological parameters. Dust can be transported at 600 hPa upward and is mixed well within the troposphere over land, while it is mainly distributed in the lower troposphere over the ocean. The SST is significantly suppressed by dust due to direct radiation effects, but the atmospheric temperature is warmer at 20–40°W between 700 and 850 hPa. The vertical distributions of temperature and specific humidity are similar. Dust decreases specific humidity in the lower troposphere over the ocean, especially in high AOD regions, but enhances midlevel moisture. Dust heats the lower troposphere and favors the development of convection and positive vorticity at heights of approximately 800–1,000 hPa. The warming effect of dust on the lower atmosphere over land and the nearby oceans results in strengthened West African monsoons and vertical wind shear. Thus, dust suppresses the SST and low‐level specific humidities and favors wind shear and positive relative vorticity, which further influence environmental conditions in the TC genesis region.
Spatial Distribution and Scaling Properties of Lidar‐Derived Snow Depth in the Extratropical Andes
Authors: Mendoza Pablo A. , Shaw Thomas E. , McPhee James , Musselman Keith N. , Revuelto Jesús , MacDonell Shelley 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe characterize elevational gradients, probability distributions, and scaling patterns of lidar‐derived snow depth at the hillslope scale along the extratropical Andes. Specifically, we analyze snow depth maps acquired near the date of maximum accumulation in 2018 at three experimental sites: (i) the Tascadero catchment (31.26°S, 3,270–3,790 m), (ii) the Las Bayas catchment (33.31°S, 3,218–4,022 m); and (iii) the Valle Hermoso (VH) catchment (36.91°S, 1,449–2,563 m). We examine two subdomains in the latter site: one with (VH West) and one without (VH East) shrub cover. The comparison across sites reveals that elevational gradients are site‐dependent, and that the gamma and normal distributions are more robust than the lognormal function to characterize the spatial variability of snow depth. Multiscale behavior in snow depth is obtained in all sites, with up to three fractal regimes, and the magnitude of primary scale breaks is found to be related to the mean separation distance between local snow depth peaks. The differences in snow depth fractal parameters between VH West—the only vegetated subdomain—and the remaining sites suggest that local topographic and land cover properties are dominant controls on the spatial structure of snow, rather than average hydroclimatic conditions. Overall, the results presented here provide, for the first time, insights into the spatial structure of snow depth along the extratropical Andes Cordillera, showing notable similarities with other mountain regions in the Northern Hemisphere and providing guidance for future snow studies.
ZEB1-activated LINC01123 accelerates the malignancy in lung adenocarcinoma through NOTCH signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Miao , Han Yaguang , Zheng Yi , Zhang Yan , Zhao Xin , Gao Zhenlin , Liu Xinyan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGrowing incidence of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has been detected recently. Multiple long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven as tumor facilitators or inhibitors by extensive works. Present study concentrated on characterizing the potential role of LINC01123 in LUAD. We explored the differential expression of LINC01123 through qRT-PCR and found the amplification of LINC01123 in LUAD cell lines. It was ascertained that LINC01123 was definitely responsible for the malignant processes of LUAD cells. Further, we validated the ceRNA network of LINC01123/miR-449b-5p/NOTCH1 in LUAD via mechanical experiments. As a transcriptional factor related to epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), ZEB1 was responsible for the transcriptional activation of both LINC01123 and NOTCH1. The involvement of NOTCH signaling in LUAD was interrogated through evaluating functional changes after treating with FLI-06 (NOTCH pathway suppressor). It showed that FLI-06-caused NOTCH signaling inactivation suppressed malignant functions in LUAD cells. Additionally, LINC01123 facilitated NOTCH1-dependent NOTCH signaling activation. Rescue experiments probed the modulatory function of LINC01123/miR-449b-5p/NOTCH1 in LUAD cellular processes. Altogether, ZEB1-activated LINC01123 accelerates the malignancy in LUAD through miR-449b-5p/NOTCH1 axis-mediated NOTCH signaling pathway, while NOTCH1 boosts ZEB1 in return. These observations suggest the huge potential of LINC01123 as a new target for LUAD therapy.
Mesenchymal stem cells protect against malaria pathogenesis by reprogramming erythropoiesis in the bone marrow
Authors: Thakur Reva S. , Awasthi Vikky , Sanyal Anirban , Chatterjee Samit , Rani Swati , Chauhan Rubika , Kalkal Meenu , Tiwari Mrinalini , Pande Veena , Das Jyoti 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMalaria remains a major public health problem worldwide. The immune mechanisms that mediate protection against malaria are still unclear. Previously, we reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a critical role in host protection against malaria by altering the dynamic balance of T regulatory cells and effector T cells producing inflammatory cytokines. Here, we report that MSCs reprogram haematopoiesis in primary (bone marrow) and secondary (spleen) lymphoid organs to provide host protection against malaria. Adoptive transfer of MSCs from malaria-infected mice to naïve recipient mice that were subsequently infected with malaria parasites dramatically accelerated the formation of colony-forming units-erythroid cells in the bone marrow. Adoptively transferred MSCs also induced expression of the key erythroid cell differentiation factor GATA-1 in the spleen of recipient animals. Interestingly, we further observed a subtle increase in the CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in lymphoid organs, including spleen and lymph nodes. Infusion of MSCs also enhanced T cell proliferation, resulting in increased numbers of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen. MSCs also inhibited the induction of the negative co-stimulatory receptor programmed death-1 by T cells in recipient animals upon infection with malaria parasites. Taken together, our findings suggest that MSCs play a critical role in host protection against malaria infection by modulating erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis.
Experimental evaluation of the deadtime phenomenon for GM detector: deadtime dependence on operating voltages
Authors: Almutairi Bader , Alam Syed , Akyurek Tayfun , Goodwin Cameron S. , Usman Shoaib 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA detailed analysis of Geiger Mueller counter deadtime dependence on operating voltage is presented in the manuscript using four pairs of radiation sources. Based on two-source method, detector deadtime is calculated for a wide range of operating voltages which revealed a peculiar relationship between the operating voltage and the detector deadtime. In the low voltage range, a distinct drop in deadtime was observed where deadtime reached a value as low as a few microseconds (22 µs for 204Tl, 26 µs for 137Cs, 9 µs for 22Na). This sharp drop in the deadtime is possibly due to reduced recombination with increasing voltage. After the lowest point, the deadtime generally increased rapidly to reach a maximum (292 µs for 204Tl, 277 µs for 137Cs, 258 µs for 22Na). This rapid increase in the deadtime is mainly due to the on-set of charge multiplication. After the maximum deadtime values, there was an exponential decrease in the deadtime reaching an asymptotic low where the manufacturer recommended voltage for operation falls. This pattern of deadtime voltage dependence was repeated for all sources tested with the exception of 54Mn. Low count rates leading to a negative deadtime suggested poor statistical nature of the data collected for 54Mn and the data while being presented here is not used for any inference.
Painful stimulation increases spontaneous blink rate in healthy subjects
Authors: Paparella Giulia , Di Stefano Giulia , Fasolino Alessandra , Di Pietro Giuseppe , Colella Donato , Truini Andrea , Cruccu Giorgio , Berardelli Alfredo , Bologna Matteo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSpontaneous blink rate is considered a biomarker of central dopaminergic activity. Recent evidence suggests that the central dopaminergic system plays a role in nociception. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether pain modulates spontaneous blink rate in healthy subjects. We enrolled 15 participants. Spontaneous blink rate was quantified with an optoelectronic system before and after: (1) a painful laser stimulation, and (2) an acoustic startling stimulation. In control experiments, we investigated whether laser stimulation effects depended on stimulation intensity and whether laser stimulation induced any changes in the blink reflex recovery cycle. Finally, we investigated any relationship between spontaneous blink rate modification and pain modulation effect during the cold pressor test. Laser, but not acoustic, stimulation increased spontaneous blink rate. This effect was independent of stimulation intensity and negatively correlated with pain perception. No changes in trigeminal-facial reflex circuit excitability were elicited by laser stimulation. The cold pressor test also induced an increased spontaneous blink rate. Our study provides evidence on the role of dopamine in nociception and suggests that dopaminergic activity may be involved in pain modulation. These findings lay the groundwork for further investigations in patients with pathological conditions characterized by dopaminergic deficit and pain.
Influence of the sanitary sewage application method to closed-end furrows on the macronutrient extraction capacity and productivity of elephant grass
Authors: Marques Marcus Vinícius Araújo , de Matos Antonio Teixeira , Silvério Thiago Henrique Ribeiro , Pereira Ana Paula Miranda 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the form of raw sanitary sewage (RS) application in closed-end and level-bottom furrows on the dry matter yield and macronutrient extraction capacity (extraction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) by the aerial part (stem and leaves) of elephant grass. Fertigation of elephant grass with RS were conducted for 3 uninterrupted years, and the RS application dose was established as a function of the amount of sodium fed to the soil (300 kg ha−1 year−1). In the experimental planning four treatments were established, where two experimental plots received RS and the water demand was complemented by treated water from the public supply network (TW), with and without alternation in the position of RS application in the furrows (TFA and TFN, respectively); and as a control there were two experimental plots in which the plants received conventional mineral fertilization, where the grass was irrigated with TW, with and without alternation in the position of water application in the furrows (TWA and TWN, respectively). The greatest mean dry matter yield (29.9 Mg ha−1 year−1) and mean macronutrient extraction values were found for plants submitted to TFA (688, 102, 508 kg ha−1 year−1 of N, P and K, respectively), compared to those obtained in the other treatments.
Acetylation/deacetylation and microtubule associated proteins influence flagellar axonemal stability and sperm motility
Authors: Chawan Veena , Yevate Smita , Gajbhiye Rahul , Kulkarni Vijay , Parte Priyanka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
PTMs and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are known to regulate microtubule dynamicity in somatic cells. Reported literature on modulation of α-tubulin acetyl transferase (αTAT1) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in animal models and cell lines illustrate disparity in correlating tubulin acetylation status with stability of MT. Our earlier studies showed reduced acetyl tubulin in sperm of asthenozoospermic individuals. Our studies on rat sperm showed that on inhibition of HDAC6 activity, although tubulin acetylation increased, sperm motility was reduced. Studies were therefore undertaken to investigate the influence of tubulin acetylation/deacetylation on MT dynamicity in sperm flagella using rat and human sperm. Our data on rat sperm revealed that HDAC6 specific inhibitor Tubastatin A (T) inhibited sperm motility and neutralized the depolymerizing and motility debilitating effect of Nocodazole. The effect on polymerization was further confirmed in vitro using pure MT and recHDAC6. Also polymerized axoneme was less in sperm of asthenozoosperm compared to normozoosperm. Deacetylase activity was reduced in sperm lysates and axonemes exposed to T and N+T but not in axonemes of sperm treated similarly suggesting that HDAC6 is associated with sperm axonemes or MT. Deacetylase activity was less in asthenozoosperm. Intriguingly, the expression of MDP3 physiologically known to bind to HDAC6 and inhibit its deacetylase activity remained unchanged. However, expression of acetyl α-tubulin, HDAC6 and microtubule stabilizing protein SAXO1 was less in asthenozoosperm. These observations suggest that MAPs and threshold levels of MT acetylation/deacetylation are important for MT dynamicity in sperm and may play a role in regulating sperm motility.