bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEBS colonized in ileal mucosa, optimized bacterial composition, improved Se level and activated TLR2－NF-kB1 signaling pathway to regulate β-defensin 1 expression
Authors: Yang Jiajun , Wang Jing , Zhang Minhong , Wu Dong , Zhan Kai , Wang Chonglong , Wu Yijing , Yu Pengcheng , Liu Zongliang , Huang Kehe , Wei Zhanyong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Both selenium (Se) and probiotic bacillus improve immunity. Beta defensin 1 (BD1), a component of intestinal mucosal immunity, could be up-regulated in dietary selenium enriched bacillus subtilis (SEBS) supplementation. SEBS was supplemented in the culture medium of mouse intestinal crypt cells and the diets of chicks to observe the effects of SEBS on BD1 in the intestine by colonization of bacillus subtilis, its recognition and signaling pathway, bacterial composition optimization, and biological functions of Se.
Results

BD1 was formed in intestinal crypt cells and secreted into the lumen through the villi brush border. BD1 was up-regulated in distal ileum segments with SEBS and bacillus subtilis colonization. This occurred through the recognition of toll like receptor 2 and the NF-kB1 signaling pathway (TLR2-MyD88།NF-kB1), this increased expression was further enhanced with Se combination. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were up-regulated with bacillus subtilis supplementation, while this up-regulation was inhibited with Se. Colonization of bacillus subtilis in distal segments of the ileum improved bacterial diversity, while reducing the number of endogenous Salmonella and lactobacilli sp. in ileal mucous membranes with SEBS supplementation. Species of unclassified Lachnospiraceae, uncultured Anaerosporobacter, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Peptococcus, and Lactobacillus salivarius, and unclassified Butyricicoccus were substantial in ileal mucous membranes to promote BD1 concentration.
Conclusion

SECB, colonized in the ileal mucous membrane, optimized bacterial composition, enhanced BD1 secretion through activation of the TLR2-MyD88།NF-kB1 signaling pathway, and reduced pro-inflammatory factors. Our results suggest a new avenue for the combination of probiotic bacteria and essential micro-element selenium to improve intestinal mucosal immunity, increase defense against cold stress, and reduce illness incidence and mortality.
Analysis of the Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Continuum of the Care in a Cohort of HIV-Positive Patients Followed in a Single Center of Northern Italy.
Authors: Quiros-Roldan Eugenia , Magro Paola , Carriero Canio , Chiesa Annacarla , Hamad Issa El , Tratta Elena , Fazio Raffaella , Formenti Beatrice , Castelli Francesco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals faced increasing pressure, where HIV patients risked to either acquire SARS-Cov-2 and to interrupt the HIV continuum of care.Methods: retrospective, observational study. We compared the numbers of medical visits performed, antiretroviral drugs dispensed and the number of new HIV diagnosis and of hospitalizations in a cohort of HIV patients followed by the Spedali Civili of Brescia, between the bimester of the COVID-19 pandemic peak and the bimester of October-November 2019.Results: We observed a reduction in the number of new HIV diagnosis from 6.4 in 2019 to 2.5 per month in 2020, a raise of missed visits from 5% to 8%, a drop in ART dispensation especially for not-protease inhibitors and an increase of hospitalized HIV patients due to COVID-19.Conclusions: Our experience highlights the importance of a resilient healthcare system and the need to implement new strategies in order to guarantee the continuum of HIV care even in the context of emergency.
Association Between Neck Circumference and Poor Outcome in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.
Authors: Li Yujian , Zhou Huiqing , Yang Xiang , Zheng Jun , Zhang Fan , Xu Mangmang , Li Hao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the major risk factors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Neck circumference (NC) is an indicator of obesity, and little is known about the role of NC in patients with ICH. This study aimed to assess the association between NC and functional outcome in ICH patients.Methods: We prospectively analyzed data of ICH patients who received treatment at our institution from January 2018 to November 2019. Patients were categorized as two groups according to 180-day Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess whether NC was associated with poor outcome in ICH patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to manifest the significance of NC in predicting the functional outcome of ICH patients.Results: A total of 312 patients were enrolled in our study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that NC was an independent predictor of 180-day poor functional outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 1.205, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.075-1.350, p = 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that NC could predict poor functional outcome at 6 months.Conclusion: NC is an independent predictor of unfavorable functional outcome at 6 months in ICH patients.
Associations of Living Environment and Lifestyle Factors with Sub-Health Status: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Urban China
Authors: Feng Yefang , Xue Yunlian , Liu Guihao , Xu Mengyao , Jiang Lijie , Lin Yuanqi , Wu Chengkai , Li Wenyuan , Xu Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Sub-health status (SHS) is an increasingly concerned issue with a high prevalence worldwide. Although some factors of lifestyle and environment has been study, few studies have determined comprehensively the associations of lifestyle and living environmental factors with general, physical, mental and social SHS. Methods: A cross-sectional face-to-face survey (Sep 2017 to Sep 2018) was conducted via questionnaire among 6,750 urban residents aged 14 years and above randomly selected from five Chinese cities. There were 5,881 valid questionnaires with a response rate of 87%. General linear model and structure equation model were developed to quantifying the effects of lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors on SHS. Results: Detection rates of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were 66.7%, 67.0%, 65.5% and 70.0%, respectively. Significant association of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS had been found in smoking, bad dietary habits, breakfast consumption, physical exercise, sleep duration, air, neighbor harmony and living convenience, instead of noiseless. However, associations of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were different for second-hand smoking influence, alcohol consumption, sunshine, Bedtime before 11pm, surfing the internet, greenery, air, pleasant housing, spacious rooms and fitness facility. Good lifestyle behaviors and favorable living environment factors positively affected SHS (P<0.001). Lifestyle behaviors had the largest effect on physical SHS (β=-0.418), but the least on social SHS (β=-0.274). Living environmental factors had the largest effect on mental SHS (β=0.286), but the least on physical SHS (β=0.225). Conclusions: Lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors were important influencing factors of SHS. Physical SHS was more associated with lifestyle. Lifestyle and living environment were similarly associated with mental and social SHS.
Winyanghuayin Decoction and Xiaoqinglong Decoction Treatment Airway Inflammation of Cold Asthma Through PI3K-mTOR Signal Pathway
Authors: chang xing , Lu Zhang , Qingxiang Zhang , Zhang tian , meng qingyan , yan peizheng , yan Liu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Airway inflammation plays a pivotal role in cold asthma. Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction can significantly improve airway inflammation. The aim of the present study was to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction on OVA-induced cold asthma in rat and compare the effects of Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction for treatment of cold asthma ratsMethods: The cold asthma rat model was induced by OVA and ice water swim stress, treated with Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction respectively. The pulmonary function of asthmatic rats was detected by MIR Spirolab; The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining; The autophagy in the lung of rats were observed by transmission electron microscopy; The eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages and total cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted under light microscope. The expression of IL-10\IL-13\TNF-α and TGF-β1 in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); The protein level of LC3-II\I, ATG, PI3K and mTOR expression in lung tissues were detected by Western blot; Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detected the expression of autophagy gene ATG3\ATG5\ATG7 and ATG12.Results: Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction can alleviate airway inflammation and improve airway hyper-responsiveness, significantly increased the level of autophagy in lung tissue and decreased the protein level of PI3K and mTOR in lung tissue of cold asthma rats. Winyanghuayin decoction have better regulation ability on autophagy and PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway.Conclusion: Winyanghuayin decoction and Xiaoqinglong decoction may alleviate the airway inflammation symptoms by enhancing autophagy in lung tissue dependent on the PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway. Winyanghuayin decoction was more effective than Xiaoqinglong decoction for treatment of cold asthma.
Intracranial Delivery of Synthetic mRNA Using Common Transfection Reagent
Authors: Peng Hao , Guo Xingrong , He Jinjuan , Zhang Li , Fu Rui , Wang Bin , Wang Dekang , Cai Fenglin , Chen Hu , Zhang Xianghua , Gui Hui , Xin Jinxin , Dai Longjun , Tang Xiangjun , Luo Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Owing to messenger RNA’s unique biological advantages, it has received increasing attention to be used as a therapeutic gene carrier, known as mRNA-based gene therapy. It is critical to precisely deliver specific mRNA into targeted part of the body to achieve effective treatment.Methods: In the present study, a mouse model of intracranial delivery of synthetic mRNA was established using commonly used transfection reagent. Synthetic luciferase mRNAs were wrapped with two different transfection reagents and microinjected into the brain at the fixed point. The expression status of delivered mRNA was monitored by a small animal imaging system. The possible reagent-induced biological toxicity was evaluated by behavioral and blood biochemical measurements. Synthetic modified TRAIL mRNA was also used as an example of therapeutic application.Results: This model demonstrated that synthetic mRNA could be successfully delivered into the brain with commonly used transfection reagents without measurable toxicity. The expression of exogenous mRNA persisted in a reasonable period following intracranial injection.Conclusions: This mouse model of intracranial delivery of synthetic mRNA can be applied in preclinical studies of mRNA-based gene therapy.
Preliminary clinical study of LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted limbal relaxing incision on correction of high myopia with low to moderate astigmatism in posterior implantable collamer lens implantation
Authors: Zhu Miaomiao , Zhongxiu Zhao , Liu Xialu , Peng Yanli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the safety, efficacy, and predictability of the LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted limbal relaxing incision (LRI) for correction of high myopia with low to moderate corneal astigmatism (-0.75 to -1.50D) in implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL).MethodsThis prospective clinical control study included 56 eyes from 46 patients. They were divided into an ICL group with ICL implantation (14 patients,16 eyes); a TICL group with toric ICL implantation (17 patients, 23 eyes); and a LenSx + ICL group with a LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted LRI and an ICL implantation (15 patients, 17 eyes). The visual acuity, astigmatism correction ability and visual quality were measured before and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery.ResultsThe postoperative visual acuity of the 3 groups were higher than the preoperative visual acuity (P < 0.01), and the improvements in the LenSx + ICL group and the TICL group were greater than those in the ICL group (P < 0.01). The LenSx + ICL and TICL groups had less residual astigmatism and higher astigmatism correction index (CI) than the ICL group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the three groups of total high order aberrations (HOAs) before and after surgery (P > 0.05).ConclusionLenSx femtosecond laser-assisted LRI combined with ICL implantation can effectively correct low to moderate corneal astigmatism in high myopia. Compared with TICL implantation, it can achieve similar clinical effects in the short term.Trial registrationThis article has been retrospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry in 10 June 2019. (NO: ChiCTR1900023743).
Appropriate insertion point for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using c-arm fluoroscopy: a cadaveric study
Authors: Xu Wei-Xing , Ding Wei-Guo , Xu Bin , Hu Tian-Hong , Sheng Hong-Feng , Zhu Jia-Fu , Zhu Xiao-Long 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : We studied the characteristics and regularity of appropriate insertion points for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy to improve the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement and reduce the incidence of superior-level facet joint violation.Methods: Six normal spinal specimens were included. Three different methods for placing percutaneous pedicle screws in the lumbar spine were applied, including the Roy-Camille method, Magerl method and Weinstein method. The relationships among the insertion point, pedicle projection and proximal facet joint on C-arm X-ray films were studied. The projection morphology of the vertebral pedicle in different segments of the lumbar spine was observed. The relationship between the outer edge of the pedicle projection and the outer edge of the cranial articular process was also studied. The distance between the insertion point and the facet joint (M1), the distance between the insertion point and outer edge of the cranial articular process (M2), and the distance between the insertion point and the projection center of the pedicle (M) were measured.Results: In this study, we found that the projection shape of the vertebral pedicle differed across segments of the lumbar spine: the shape for L1-L3 was oval, and that for L4-L5 was round. The radiographic study showed that the outer edge of the cranial articular process was located on the lateral side of the outer edge of the pedicle projection and did not overlap with the pedicle projection. M for the Weinstein group was larger than that for the Roy-Camille group (P < 0.05). M1 for the Weinstein group was larger than that for the Roy-Camille and Magerl groups (P < 0.05). M2 for the Roy-Camille group was negative, M2 for the Magerl group was 0, and M2 for the Weinstein group was positive.Conclusion: Under C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy, we were able to accurately identify the characteristics and regularity of the appropriate insertion point for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine, which was important for improving the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement and reducing the incidence of superior-level facet joint violation.Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Evaluating a Web- and Telephone-based Personalised Exercise Intervention for Individuals Living With Metastatic Prostate Cancer (Exerciseguide): Protocol for a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Evans Holly EL , Forbes Cynthia C , Galvão Daniel A , Vandelanotte Corneel , Newton Robert U , Wittert Gary , Chambers Suzanne , Vincent Andrew D , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Brook Nicholas , Girard Danielle , Short Camille E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction:Preliminary research has shown the effectiveness of supervised exercise-based interventions in alleviating sequela resulting from metastatic prostate cancer. Despite this, many individuals do not engage in sufficient exercise to gain the benefits. There are many barriers which limit the uptake of face-to-face exercise in this population including lack of suitable facilities, remoteness, access to experts, significant fatigue, urinary incontinence, and motivation. Technology-enabled interventions offer a distance-based alternative. This protocol describes a pilot two-armed randomised controlled study that will investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an online exercise and behavioural change tool (ExerciseGuide) among individuals with metastatic prostate cancer.Methods:Sixty-six participants with histologically diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer will be randomised into either the eight-week intervention or a wait-list control. The intervention arm will have access to a tailored website, remote supervision, and three tele-coaching sessions to enhance support and adherence. Algorithms will individually prescribe resistance and aerobic exercise based upon factors such as metastasis location, pain, fatigue, confidence, and current exercise levels. Behavioural change strategies and education on exercise benefits, safety and lifestyle are also tailored through the website. The primary outcome will be intervention feasibility (safety, usability, acceptability, adherence). Secondary exploratory outcomes include changes in physical activity, quality of life, sleep, and physical function. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and week 9.Discussion:The study aims to determine the potential feasibilityof an online remotely-monitored exercise intervention developed for individuals with metastatic prostate cancer. If feasible, this pilot intervention will inform the design and implementation of further distance-based interventions.Trial registration: ANZCTR, ACTRN12614001268639. Registered 10th December 2018, https://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12618001979246.aspx
Influence of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) on Patients Receiving Lung Resection: A Retrospective Study with 1,749 Cases
Authors: Wang Chunmei , Lai Yutian , Li Pengfei , Su Jianhua , Che Guowei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background the study was aimed to evaluate the outcomes following implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.Method a retrospective cohort study with 1,749 patients with lung cancer undergoing pulmonary resection was conducted. Two time period of the patients were included for analyzing (routine pathway and ERAS pathway). Logistic regression analysis and nomogram model was created respectively to assess the risks of postoperative pulmonary complications.Results Among those 1,749 patients, 691 of them was stratified into ERAS group, compared to 1,058 in routine group. ERAS group presented shorter postoperative in-hospital length of stay (LOS) (4.0 vs 6.0, P<0.001), total LOS (10.0 VS. 13.0 days, P<0.001), lower total in-hospital cost (P<0.001) including material (P<0.001), and drug expense (P<0.001). Meanwhile, ERAS group presented lower occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) compared to routine group (15.2% vs. 19.5%, P=0.022). Likewise, a significantly lower occurrence of pneumonia (8.4% vs. 14.2%, P<0.001) or atelectasis (5.9% vs. 9.8%, P=0.004) was found in ERAS group. Regarding to Binary logistic regression, ERAS intervention was the independent factor for the occurrence of PPCs (OR: 0.601, 95%CI: 0.434-0.824, P=0.002). In addition, age (OR: 1.032, 95%CI: 1.018-1.046), COPD (OR: 1.792, 95%CI: 1.196-2.686), and FEV1(OR: 0.205, 95%CI: 0.125-0.339) were independent predictors for PPCs. A nomogram with a C-index of 0.663 was constructed.Conclusion implementation of an ERAS pathway shows improved postoperative outcomes including shortened LOS, less in-hospital cost, and reduced occurrence of PPCs, providing benefits of postoperative recovery for patients with lung cancer undergoing surgical treatment.Clinical registration number: ChiCTR1900022478
Extract of Corallodiscus Flabellata Attenuates Renal Fibrosis in Aging Mice via the Wnt/β-catenin/RAS Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cao Bing , Zeng Mengnan , Si Yanpo , Zhang Beibei , Wang Yangyang , Xu Ruiqi , Zheng Xiaoke , Feng Weisheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Renal fibrosis is a common pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Aging accelerates renal fibrosis and further aggravates the process of CKD. Corallodiscus flabellata B. L. Burtt (C. flabellata) is a commonly used botanical drug in the Chinese population. However, few studies have reported its physiological effects. This study aimed to explore the effect of C. flabellata extract on renal fibrosis in aging mice and identify potentially active compounds. Methods: Using Senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice and β-galactosidase (β-gal)-induced normal rat kidney epithelial cells (NRK-52E cells) as a model, to explore the mechanism of C. flabellata extract on senescence-related renal fibrosis, and initially clarified the material basis of C. flabellata. Results: The C. flabellata extract reduced the senescence and fibrosis of the kidneys in SAMP8 mice by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) to balance oxidative stress and inflammation, and interrupting the fibrinogen signaling in the Wnt/β-catenin/renin–angiotensin system. Moreover, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (SDC-0-14, 16) and (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[4-O-trans-caffeoyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (SDC-1-8) were isolated compounds from C. flabellata, which reduced the senescence of NRK-52E cells, and maybe the material basis for the function of C. flabellata. Conclusion: Our experiments illuminated that the extract of C. flabellata may improve the aging-related renal fibrosis through the Wnt/β-catenin/RAS pathway, and the material basis of its function may be SDC-0-14, 16 and SDC-1- 8.