bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress fibers are embedded in a contractile cortical network
Authors: Vignaud Timothée , Copos Calina , Leterrier Christophe , Tseng Qingzong , Blanchoin Laurent , Mogilner Alex , Théry Manuel , Kurzawa Laetitia 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTContractile actomyosin networks generate intracellular forces essential for the regulation of cell shape, migration, and cell-fate decisions, ultimately leading to the remodeling and patterning of tissues. Although actin filaments aligned in bundles represent the main source of traction-force production in adherent cells, there is increasing evidence that these bundles form interconnected and interconvertible structures with the rest of the intracellular actin network. In this study, we explored how these bundles are connected to the surrounding cortical network and the mechanical impact of these interconnected structures on the production and distribution of traction forces on the extracellular matrix and throughout the cell. By using a combination of hydrogel micropatterning, traction-force microscopy and laser photoablation, we measured the relaxation of the cellular traction field in response to local photoablations at various positions within the cell. Our experimental results and modeling of the mechanical response of the network revealed that bundles were fully embedded along their entire length in a continuous and contractile network of cortical filaments. Moreover, the propagation of the contraction of these bundles throughout the entire cell was dependent on this embedding. In addition, these bundles appeared to originate from the alignment and coalescence of thin and unattached cortical actin filaments from the surrounding mesh.
The Predictive Global Neuronal Workspace: A Formal Active Inference Model of Visual Consciousness
Authors: Whyte Christopher J. , Smith Ryan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe global neuronal workspace (GNW) model has inspired over two decades of hypothesis driven research on the neural basis consciousness. However, recent studies have reported findings that are at odds with empirical predictions of the model. Further, the macro-anatomical focus of current GNW research has limited the specificity of predictions afforded by the model. In this paper we present a neurocomputational model – based on Active Inference – that captures central architectural elements of the GNW and is able to address these limitations. The resulting ‘predictive global workspace’ casts neuronal dynamics as approximating Bayesian inference, allowing precise, testable predictions at both the behavioural and neural levels of description. We report simulations demonstrating the model’s ability to reproduce: 1) the electrophysiological and behaviour results observed in previous studies of inattentional blindness; and 2) the previously introduced four-way taxonomy predicted by the GNW, which describes the relationship between consciousness, attention, and sensory signal strength. We then illustrate how our model can reconcile/explain (apparently) conflicting findings, extend the GNW taxonomy to include the influence of prior expectations, and inspire novel paradigms to test associated behavioural and neural predictions.
Developing an employee recognition program that promotes learning across the organization
Authors: Reese Simon R. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Recognition programs have proven to be a useful tool in engaging employees and helping align them around a common purpose. In this case, study the organization created a recognition program that promoted learning across the organization. The easy to follow steps provided herein can be replicated by leaders in any organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The case study provides a quick reflection of the steps taken by the organization to create a recognition program that linked behaviors, tactical actions and corporate strategy in a way that engaged all toward learning together.

Findings
With the new program, the organization not only improved employee engagement and alignment around four critical behaviors, the organization also witnessed employee alignment around strategic vision and revenue improvements.

Originality/value
Studies find that employee engagement is seriously lacking. Studies also find that employee engagement is beneficial to employee contribution and employee success. Recognition programs have been described as one method to improve engagement. This case study illustrates how an organization was able to implement such a program.
What drives the process of knowledge management in a cross-cultural setting
Authors: Rezaei Mojtaba , Jafari-Sadeghi Vahid , Bresciani Stefano 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to consider the role and influence of social capital (SC) on knowledge management (KM) and sets out to develop an understanding of the importance of the impact of the cross-cultural environment on this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
According to the notion, in this study, the relationship between two essential aspects in management and business, SC on KM practices, has been analyzed. By applying a descriptive and correlational method, the impact of various dimensions of SC on KM in a cross-cultural setting has been investigated, and required data has been obtained through questionnaires consist of 30 items, which is prepared for a sample of 232 people.

Findings
Although the findings are varied, the results indicated that there is an important relationship between SC dimensions and KM in the research environment, which is cross-cultural.

Research limitations/implications
First, as the data derived from different branches of a big company in Iran, its results cannot be easily extended to other contexts. Therefore, future streams of research can expand the scope of this paper into other contexts with different characteristics. Moreover, the sample of this paper is taken from different communities (branches) which increase the variety of personality features in distinct cultures. Thus, further research can stress a particular organization/ branch to avoid the problem of cultural variation and focus on a more homogenous sample. Finally, this study targeted a big organization in the IT sector. However, future studies can investigate another type of firm (e.g. small and medium firms) in different sectors (e.g. manufacturing, food sector, etc.).

Practical implications
In this research, using scientific and practical methods, the impacts have been examined carefully and deliberately to assist the managers of organizations in theoretically and managerially as these outcomes contribute to the development of a new concept called cross-cultural in knowledge management and social capital, and support organizations to cope with the implications of this concept.

Originality/value
There is not much empirical research on cross-cultural settings and its effects on management, finance and business, especially on correlations between KM and SC. This investigation tries to fill this gap and explain the ways, which companies can use SC for enhancing their effectiveness of KM by considering culture diversity impacts.
Ambulance management of patients with penetrating truncal trauma and hypotension in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Rosenbaum Eva , Cox Shelley , Smith Karen , Fitzgerald Mark , Braitberg George , Carpenter Anthony , Bernard Stephen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivePenetrating truncal trauma with hypotension is uncommon in Australia. Current pre‐hospital clinical practice guidelines based on overseas studies recommend expedited transport to definitive trauma care and that i.v. fluid should only be administered to maintain palpable blood pressure.MethodsA retrospective review included all adult patients with penetrating truncal trauma and hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg) attended by emergency medical services in Victoria between January 2006 and December 2018. Patient pre‐hospital characteristics and hospital outcomes are described using descriptive statistics. Predictors of fluid resuscitation and mortality were examined using logistic regression analyses.ResultsBetween 2006 and 2018 there were 101 hypotensive, penetrating truncal injury major trauma patients in Melbourne, Victoria transported by road ambulance to a major trauma service. The median age of these patients was 38 years (interquartile range [IQR] 27–50) and 85% were male. Median scene time was 16.6 min (IQR 12–26) and median pre‐hospital time was 53.0 min (IQR 38–66). Intravenous fluid resuscitation was given in 54.5% of cases. The mechanism of injury was stabbing in 91.1% and gunshot wound in 8.9%. Urgent surgery was required in 72.3% of cases, 32.7% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and there were eight deaths (8.3%).ConclusionPenetrating truncal trauma with hypotension is rare in Melbourne, Australia with most patients having the injury caused by stabbing rather than shooting. Compared with outcomes reported in the USA and Europe, the mortality rate is low.
Evaluation of long‐term detection trends of new psychoactive substances in pooled urine from city street portable urinals (London, UK)
Authors: Archer John R.H. , Mendes Fiona , Hudson Simon , Layne Kerry , Dargan Paul I. , Wood David M. 
Published: February 2020

AimsTo evaluate the long‐term trends of new psychoactive substance (NPS) detection in pooled urine samples collected across a city centre.MethodsPooled urine samples from portable stand‐alone urinals were collected on a monthly basis over 5.5 years (July 2013–December 2018) across a city centre. These were analysed using a high‐performance liquid chromatography system, interfaced to a high‐resolution accurate mass spectrometer. Data were processed against a database containing over 2000 drugs/metabolites including over 800 NPS.ResultsIn total, 44 NPS were detected with variation over time including cathinones (15, 34.1%), synthetic cannabinoids (8, 18.2%) and 21 (47.7%) other NPS. Since the introduction of the UK Psychoactive Substances Act (May 2016) cathinone detection has decreased with minimal detection over the last 4 months of the study. Synthetic cannabinoids were not detected on a regular basis until July 2016 with a subsequent variable detection frequency. There was a consistent, low level detection frequency of all other NPS throughout the study, but which appears to have increased alongside the decrease in cathinone detection.ConclusionPooled urine analysis of samples taken from portable urinals in a city centre can be used as an effective monitoring tool to determine long‐term trends in the use of NPS. The results of this study demonstrate the impact of the Psychoactive Substances Act and reflect the findings of population surveys and clinical studies. Triangulation of these data with other data sources will enable greater insight into the NPS phenomenon.
The adoption of a social learning system: Intrinsic value in the UTAUT model
Authors: Khechine Hager , Raymond Benoit , Augier Marc 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of the intention to use and the effective use of a learning management system that integrates social learning tools. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques. As our theoretical lens, we adapted the original unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology model by extending it with intrinsic value construct. As such, this research allowed for the first time testing an extended version of the unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology model in a social learning context. Our results show that facilitating conditions and intrinsic value variables explained the behavioral intention to use a learning management system that integrates social media technology and that facilitating conditions variable predicted use behavior. Our research findings suggest fostering both students’ enjoyment and interest in using social learning technologies for education and offering them facilitating conditions to strengthen technology adoption.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Universities know that students are accustomed to use social media for personal purposes. Teachers are trying to integrate social media tools into learning management systems.
There is little knowledge about what makes students’ willing to use social media tools for learning.
The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology is an approved model that explains the intention to use and the effective use of technology.
What this paper adds

The paper identifies the determinants that make students’ willing to use a learning management system in which a social media tool is embedded.
Apart from the main determinants of the unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology model, intrinsic value—defined as the feeling of both enjoyment and interest from performing an activity—explains behavioral intention and use behavior toward social media systems.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The paper concludes with advices for decision makers in universities who want to integrate social learning tools in learning management systems:
They have to pay attention to not only the social media system’s functionalities, but also to how the system can be enjoyable and interesting to use.
They have to think about offering better facilitating conditions to students—like user manuals, an online FAQ, discussion forums, training sessions, or personal human support—to strengthen the adoption of social learning systems.
Effect of adding vildagliptin to insulin in haemodialysed patients with type 2 diabetes: The VILDDIAL study, a randomized, multicentre, prospective study
Authors: Munch Marion , Meyer Laurent , Hannedouche Thierry , Kunz Kristian , Alenabi Farideh , Winiszewski Patrice , Baltzinger Philippe , Smagala Agnès , Klein Alexandre , Dorey François , Fleury Dominique , Verier‐Mine Odile , Guerci Bruno , Cridlig Joëlle , Borot Sophie , Ducloux Didier , Meyer Nicolas , Hadjadj Samy , Chantrel François , Kessler Laurence 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of adding the dipeptidyl‐peptidase‐4 inhibitor vildagliptin to insulin on the glycaemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing haemodialysis.MethodsOverall, 65 insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing haemodialysis (HbA1c: 7.3% ± 1.1%; age: 70.5 ± 8.5 years) were randomized (1:1) either to receive vildagliptin 50 mg/day in addition to insulin (vildagliptin‐insulin group) or to pursue their usual insulin regimen (insulin‐only group). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed for 48 ± 6 hours at baseline and at week 12. The primary study endpoint was change from baseline in mean interstitial glucose using CGM. The secondary endpoints included other CGM variables and glucose control markers.ResultsAfter 12 weeks, a greater reduction in mean CGM glucose from baseline was observed in the vildagliptin‐insulin group compared with the insulin‐only group, although the between‐treatment difference was not statistically significant (mean difference [CI 95%]: −0.96 mmol/L [−2.09; 0.18] vs. ‐0.29 mmol/L [−1.29; 0.76], P = 0.32). However, a significant decrease from baseline in HbA1c, glycated albumin and insulin daily doses was observed in the vildagliptin‐insulin group versus the insulin‐only group (−0.6% [−1.19; −0.1], P < 0.01), in the vildagliptin‐insulin group versus no change in the insulin‐only group (−130.6 μmol/L [−271; 10.7] vs. +36.2 μmol/L [−164.4; 236.9], P = 0.04 and − 5.9 IU/day [−1.8; 7.1] vs. +1.1 IU/day [−14.5; 16.6], P = 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference in the percentage of time spent in hypoglycaemia using CGM, occurrence of severe hypoglycaemia or number of adverse events.ConclusionIn this study, vildagliptin added to insulin improved glycaemic control with an associated insulin‐sparing effect in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing haemodialysis and was well tolerated.
Correlation between Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization assessment of systolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Schewel Jury , Schlüter Michael , Schmidt Tobias , Kuck Karl‐Heinz , Frerker Christian , Schewel Dimitry 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate reliability and accuracy of noninvasive measurement method by echocardiography compared to invasive measurement of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) in a large cohort of aortic stenosis (AS) patients.BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in patients with cardiac disease, especially in left heart disease like severe AS. Invasive measurement by right heart catheterization (RHC) is the gold standard to assess pulmonary pressures. Nevertheless, echocardiography is widely used in everyday practice for estimation of pulmonary pressures and diagnosing PH.MethodsA total of 1400 patients with AS and full invasive hemodynamic assessment by RHC and noninvasive measurements by Doppler echocardiography were included.ResultsMean patient age was 81.5 ± 6.8 years, and 46.3% were males. SPAP was 44.7 ± 15.1 mm Hg by echocardiography and 45.3 ± 15.2 mm Hg by RHC. Pearson's correlation coefficient was r = .820 (P < .0001). Bland–Altman analysis showed a bias of −0.56 mm Hg (95% limits of agreement −18.38 to + 17.26 mm Hg) and 80.6% measurement accuracy. Pulmonary hypertension defined by RHC as a mean PAP ≥25 mm Hg was reliably diagnosed via an echocardiographically measured SPAP of >40 mm Hg (82.2% sensitivity, 80.2% specificity, 83.1% positive predictive value, 79.2% negative predictive value).ConclusionsIn a large cohort of patients with severe aortic stenosis, we could demonstrate a very good correlation of SPAP between Doppler echocardiography and invasive RHC measurement. Pulmonary hypertension could be diagnosed by echocardiography with high sensitivity and specificity.
Why your neighbor matters: Positions in preferential trade agreement networks and export growth in global value chains
Authors: Park Jong Hee , Kim Byung Koo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn rapidly expanding global and regional preferential trade agreements (PTA) networks, policy‐makers are keen to situate their countries in a better position, believing that a better position in PTA networks will help their economies trade more and grow faster. In this paper, we provide a theory that explains how changes in countries' PTA network positions affect their trade performance. We argue that a dense and deep “neighbor network” provides a country with a wide access to global value chains, better protection to investment, and strong credibility to their policy commitments. To measure trade performance, we compute value‐added exports at the country, year, and industry level across 43 countries, 56 industries, and 15 years (2000–14). The estimation of network position effects is done by panel fixed‐effects methods and the sample‐splitting and cross‐fitting double machine‐learning method. The findings show that as a country's neighbors have deeper and wider PTA networks, the country's value‐added exports grow faster. Also, the industry‐level analysis shows that sectors heavily engaging in the fragmentation of production stages exhibit faster growth with the improvement of neighbor networks.
Fast‐food addiction and anti‐consumption behaviour: The moderating role of consumer social responsibility
Authors: Farah Maya F. , Shahzad Muhammad Faisal 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study aims to understand the drivers of fast‐food addiction and the role of consumer social responsibility (CSR) on the relationship between fast‐food addiction and anti‐consumption. Due to growing health concerns, an increasing number of consumers have been avoiding the consumption of fast food. Based on a sample of 539 respondents, all pertaining to generation Y in Pakistan, this study tests a model including addiction and anti‐consumption behaviour. Empirical results provide strong evidence that individual and sociocultural factors together with advertising practices influence consumers’ fast‐food addiction. Results also reveal that CSR moderates the relationship between fast‐food addiction and anti‐consumption behaviour. Interestingly, the present study pioneers the discussion on how addiction can drive anti‐consumption. The findings can help public policy makers and managers to understand consumers’ anti‐consumption tendencies and help promote healthier consumption habits.
Distribution of hemoglobin levels and prevalence of anemia according to sex, age group, and region in 13 Korean cities
Authors: Nah Eun‐Hee , Cho Seon , Kim Suyoung , Chu Jieun , Kwon Eunjoo , Cho Han‐Ik 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe distribution of hemoglobin (Hb) levels and the prevalence of anemia are significant public health indicators. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution of Hb levels and the prevalence of anemia according to sex, age group, and region throughout Korea.MethodsThe study analyzed data on 1 159 298 subjects who received health checkups at 16 health‐promotion centers in 13 Korean cities during 2018. Anemia and its severity were defined according to the World Health Organization classification for Hb levels as follows: mild anemia (11‐12.9 g/dL in males and 11‐11.9 g/dL in females), moderate anemia (10‐10.9 g/dL in both sexes), and severe anemia (<10.0 g/dL in both sexes).ResultsThe Hb level in the general sample was lower in females (13.25 ± 1.13 g/dL, mean ± SD) than in males (15.29 ± 1.22 g/dL). The overall prevalence of anemia was 6.0% (2.98% in males and 8.56% in females), and the prevalence of severe anemia was 0.92% (0.23% in males and 1.51% in females). While the prevalence of anemia increased monotonically with age in males, it was bimodal in females with two peaks at 40‐49 years and ≥80 years. The highest prevalence of anemia in females aged 40‐49 years was attributed to microcytic anemia, while increases in anemia prevalence in males aged ≥50 years and females aged ≥70 years were attributed to macrocytic anemia.ConclusionThe distribution of Hb levels and the prevalence of anemia overall and by severity differ according to sex, age group, and region throughout Korea.
Thermodynamic assessment of BaO–Ln2O3 (Ln = La, Pr, Eu, Gd, Er) systems
Authors: Gong Weiping , Liu Yanzhi , Xie Yun , Zhao Zhenting , Ushakov Sergey V. , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeat capacities and enthalpies of formation of BaGd2O4 were determined by high‐temperature differential scanning calorimetry and high‐temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry, respectively. Thermodynamic stability of BaLn2O4 compounds increases with decreasing Ln3+ ionic radius. Previously reported data on BaNd2O4 and BaSm2O4 corroborate this trend. Missing data for compounds in BaO–Ln2O3 (Ln = La, Pr, Eu, Er) systems were estimated from established relations, thermodynamic assessment was performed, and binary phase diagrams were calculated.