bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Profile, Lifestyle and Social Skills in Portuguese Adolescents
Authors: Magalhães Clarisse , Ribeiro Maria de Fátima , Esteves Maria Raquel , Aires Luísa , Lima Sara , Silva Gustavo , Nogueira Assunção , Herdeiro Maria Teresa , Pedras Susana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Seventy percent of premature deaths in adults are due to behaviors initiated during adolescence. Therefore, it is essential to promote individual and social behaviors that educate adolescents in the ability to make healthy choices. Thus, the goals of this study were to characterize the lifestyle and social skills as well as to identify homogeneous subgroups in a sample of Portuguese adolescents. Methods : We conduct a cross-sectional study including 1008 adolescents attending 7 th to 9 th grade of five middle schools from Tâmega and Sousa region, of Portugal. My Lifestyle Questionnaire and the Social Skills Inventory were used. To establish a profile of the participants, a Cluster Analysis (K-means) was performed and the Jaccard coefficient was used to assess the stability of the solution found. Results: From the total sample, 556 adolescents with a mean age of 13.43 years (SD=1.1) were included in the analysis. The majority of the sample presented a good lifestyle (72.26% indicating good LS) and 50.7% of the adolescents had a highly elaborated repertoire of social skills. Moreover, three clusters were found. Cluster 1 (n=92) showed a less elaborate SS repertoire and was named the “Adjusted”. Cluster 2 (n=115) comprised adolescents with a good SS repertoire and was named the “Sociable”. Cluster 3 (n=258) was composed by adolescents with a highly elaborate SS repertoire and the best LS indicators, and was named the “Healthy”. Conclusions : The group of adolescents in cluster called “Sociable” needs to be included in health education and social skills programs. NUT and MS behaviors have low values and, therefore, present a greater need for awareness, sensitization and intervention in the school context. Promoting a healthy lifestyle should be part of the academic curriculum and be transversal to all academic disciplines.
Adjunct use of mouth rinses with a sonic toothbrush accelerates the detachment of a Streptococcus mutans biofilm: an in vitro study
Authors: Ohsumi Tatsuya , Takenaka Shoji , Sakaue Yuuki , Suzuki Yuki , Nagata Ryoko , Hasegawa Taisuke , Ohshima Hayato , Terao Yutaka , Noiri Yuichiro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the possible enhancement of the biofilm peeling effect of a sonic toothbrush following the use of an antimicrobial mouth rinse.
Methods: The biofilm at a noncontact site in the interdental area was treated by sound wave convection with the test solution or by immersion in the solution. The biofilm peeling effect was evaluated by determining the bacterial counts and performing morphological observations. A Streptococcus mutans biofilm was allowed to develop on composite resin discs by cultivation with stirring at 50 rpm for 72 hours. The specimens were then placed in recesses located between plastic teeth and divided into an immersion group and a combination group. The immersion group was treated with phosphate buffer or Listerine ® mouth rinse. The combination group was treated with Listerine ® and a sonic toothbrush.
Results: The biofilm thickness was reduced by approximately one-half compared with the control group. The combination treatment produced a 1 log reduction in the number of bacteria compared to the Listerine ® immersion treatment. No significant difference was observed in the biofilm peeling effect of the immersion group compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The combined use of a sonic toothbrush and a mouth rinse enhanced the peeling of the biofilm that proliferates in places that are difficult to reach using mechanical stress.
Acceptability, motivation and the prospect of cure for people living with HIV and their healthcare providers in HIV cure-focused treatment interruption studies
Authors: Lau Jillian SY , Smith Miranda Z , Allan Brent , Martinez Cipriano , Power Jennifer , Lewin Sharon R , McMahon James H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Analytical treatment interruptions (ATI) are commonly used clinical endpoints to assess interventions aimed at curing HIV or achieving antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free HIV remission. Understanding the acceptability of ATI amongst people living with HIV (PLHIV) and their HIV healthcare providers (HHP) is limited. Methods Two online surveys for PLHIV and HHP assessed awareness and acceptability of ATI, and understanding of the prospect for HIV cure in the future. Responses were collected from July 2017-January 2018. A descriptive analysis was performed and similar questions across the two surveys were compared using χ squared test. Results 442 PLHIV and 144 HHP completed the survey. 105/400 (26%) PLHIV had ever interrupted ART, 8% of which were in a clinical trial. Altruistic motivations were drivers of participation of PLHIV in cure related research. 81/135 (60%) HHP would support their patients wishing to enrol in an HIV cure-focused trial, but fewer would promote and allow such participation (25% and 31% respectively). Compared to HHP, PLHIV were more likely to believe that an HIV cure would be achievable within 10 years (55% vs 19%, p<0.001), had less awareness of ATI (46% vs 62%,p<0.001) and were less likely to have had experience of either participation or enrolment in an ATI study (5% vs 18%,p<0.001) Conclusion PLHIV were more optimistic about the potential for HIV cure. HHP had more direct experience with HIV cure-focused studies. Educational strategies are required for both groups to increase understanding around ATIs in HIV cure research but should be tailored specifically to each group.
The Effect of Early Rehabilitation Intervention on Functional Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: khankeh Hamidreza , Eghbali Mohammad , Hosseini Sayed Ali , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a serious health problem which is considered as a silent epidemic. Early rehabilitation interventions are among significant factors affecting the functional improvement, reduction of disability and impairment in patients. Initial observations indicate evidence for the effectiveness of such interventions; however, there is no related systematic review study conducted so far. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of the interventions and to determine the effectiveness of such interventions on functional outcomes for patients with TBI. Methodology: In order to find related studies, several data bases such as Embase, Medline, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science and also Gray Literature are observed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are designed and modified by a team of experts. Observation of the content of the titles and abstracts will be done by two reviewers and then the data will be extracted and evaluated. All the studies published in English between 1990 and 2019 were included. Primary outcomes include the frequency of early rehabilitation interventions and the effects of such interventions on functional outcomes. If possible, meta-analysis will be conducted as well. Discussion: The results of this systematic review study will contribute to identification and clarification of different types of rehabilitation interventions and the effects of such interventions on TBI patients’ functional outcomes.
Effects of oncological care pathways in primary and secondary care on patient, professional and health systems outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoeve Jolanda C. van , Vernooij Robin W.M. , Fiander Michelle , Nieboer Peter , Siesling Sabine , Rotter Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Pathways are frequently used to improve care for cancer patients. However, there is little evidence about the effects of pathways used in oncological care. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to identify, and synthesise existing literature on the effects of pathways in oncological care. Methods All patients diagnosed with cancer in primary and secondary care whose treatment can be characterized as the strategy “care pathways” are included in this review. A systematic search in seven databases was conducted to gather evidence. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers. Study outcomes regarding “patient outcomes” and “costs” were extracted from each study. Results Out of 12,689 search results, we selected 158 articles eligible for full text assessment. The remaining 10 studies represented 4,786 patients. Most studies were conducted in secondary care. LOS was the most common used indicator for patients outcomes, and was reported in five studies. Meta-analysis based on subgroups showed an overall shorter LOS regarding gastric cancer (WMD: -2.75, CI: -4.67–-0.83) and gynaecological cancer (WMD: -1.58, CI: -2.10–-1.05). Costs were reported in six studies and most studies reported lower costs for pathway groups. Conclusions Despite the differences between the included studies, we were able to present an evidence base for cancer care pathways performed in secondary care regarding the positive effects of LOS in favour of cancer care pathways.
Computational Modelling of Nephron Progenitor Cell Movement and Aggregation During Kidney Organogenesis
Authors: Tikka Pauli , Mercker Moritz , Skovorodkin Ilya , Saarela Ulla , Vainio Seppo , Ronkainen Veli-Pekka , Sluka James P. , Glazier James A. , Marciniak-Czochra Anna , Schaefer Franz 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
During early kidney organogenesis, nephron progenitor (NP) cells move from the tip to the corner region of the ureteric bud (UB) branches in order to form the pretubular aggregate, the early structure giving rise to nephron formation. Chemotaxis and cell-cell adhesion differences are believed to drive cell patterning during this critical period of organogenesis, but the spatiotemporal organization of this process is incompletely understood.
We applied a Cellular Potts model to explore to how these processes contribute to directed cell movement and aggregation. Model parameters were estimated based on fitting to experimental data obtained in ex vivo kidney explant and dissociation-reaggregation organoid culture studies.
Our simulations indicated that optimal enrichment and aggregation of NP cells in the UB corner niche requires chemoattractant secretion from both the UB epithelial cells and the NP cells themselves, as well as differences in cell-cell adhesion energies. Furthermore, NP cells were observed, both experimentally and by modelling, to move at higher speed in the UB corner as compared to the tip region where they originated. The existence of different cell speed domains along the UB was confirmed using self-organizing map analysis.
In summary, we demonstrated the suitability of a Cellular Potts Model approach to simulate cell movement and patterning during early nephrogenesis. Further refinement of the model should allow us to recapitulate the effects of developmental changes of cell phenotypes and molecular crosstalk during organ development.
The Role of Parental Mediation, Mental Health, High-Risk Behaviors, and Cyberspace Activities in Internet Addiction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dasteaee Shekoofeh Mottaghi , Koohestani Fahimeh , Sorbi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Today, the Internet provides an important tool to access information and opportunities for learning and entertainment, but its use is not without potential risks. This study investigates the relationship between parental mediation, mental health, high-risk behaviors, and cyberspace activities in Iranian adolescent Internet addiction. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that lasted from January 10 to June 14, 2019. The sample consisted of 300 high school students aged 14-17 years in Kerman, Iran. Cluster sampling method was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software. Results: The prevalence of internet addiction disorder in adolescents was 51.7% (girls=26.7% and boys=25%). Chi-square results showed a significant negative relationship between mother's job and internet addiction (p<0.016). The t-test result showed that the role of mediate active parental immunity was more in people with Internet addiction and they experienced more online activities, cyberbullying victimization, substance use, and depression, whereas the role of restrictive mediation, parental attachment and self-esteem were higher in people without internet addiction. Logistic regression showed that variables of online activities OR=1.21 (95% CI: 1.12-1.3), cyberbullying victimization OR=1.18 (95% CI: 1.04-1.34) and depression OR=1.05 (95% CI: 0.99-1.09) had positive effect on Internet addiction, and self-esteem OR=0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.97) and restrictive parental mediation OR=0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.97) had negative effect (p<0.05). Conclusions : The prevalence rate of internet addiction in Iranian adolescents is high which important factors such as inappropriate parental mediation, psychological weakness (such as low self-esteem and depression), high levels of cyber activities, and cyberbullying victimization are considered as important factors to predict this disorder. Keywords: internet addiction, parental mediation, attachment, depression, self-esteem
The predictive value of lncRNA MIR31HG expression on clinical outcomes in patients with solid malignant tumors
Authors: Tu Chao , Ren Xiaolei , He Jieyu , Li Shuangqing , Qi Lin , Duan Zhixi , Wang Wanchun , Li Zhihong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Emerging studies have explored the prognostic value of MIR31HG in cancers, but its role remains elusive. Herein, we aimed to summarize the prognostic potential of MIR31HG in this study.

Methods

Several databases were searched for literature retrieval on Dec 5, 2019. Overall and subgroup analyses were conducted to measure the relationship between MIR31HG expression and clinical outcomes. Moreover, GEPIA was applied for validation of prognostic value of MIR31HG in tumor patients in TCGA dataset.

Results

Overall, seventeen studies with 2,573 patients were enrolled. Compared to counterparts, those patients with high MIR31HG expression tended to have shorter RFS. Notably, MIR31HG overexpression predicted unfavorable OS in lung cancer. By contrast, gastrointestinal cancer patients with elevated MIR31HG expression predicted better OS and disease-free survival. Additionally, MIR31HG overexpression was significantly associated with worse clinicopathological features including advanced tumor stage and LNM in lung cancer, but favorable clinical characteristics in gastrointestinal cancer. Moreover, the positive association between MIR31HG and OS in lung cancer was further confirmed in TCGA dataset.

Conclusion

Overexpression of MIR31HG suggested remarkable association with poor prognosis in terms of OS, tumor stage, and LNM in lung cancer, but favorable prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, MIR31HG may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker in multiple cancers.
Preparation and sintering characteristics of nano-silver wrapped tin paste
Authors: Yang Hui , Wu Jihui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Nanosilver paste, an interconnect solder is a common choice in the electronics packaging industry, however higher sintering temperatures and lower sintering strength limit its application. At present, core-shell nano-slurry has been studied and applied to chip interconnection. Based on the mechanism of heterogeneous flocculation, we have developed a new nano-silver wrapped tin paste (Sn@Ag paste), and according to the decomposition temperature of the organic dispersant in the slurry, A corresponding sintering process with a maximum temperature of 300 ° C was developed. The Sn@Ag core-shell structure makes Sn have good dispersibility and oxidation resistance, and the sintered product of the slurry is a mixture of a solid solution of Ag and an Ag 3 Sn phase. Among them, the hard and brittle phase Ag 3 Sn acts as a dispersion strengthening effect in the Ag matrix phase, and the solid solution of Ag acts as a replacement solid solution strengthening. With the increase of doping Sn content, the sintering strength is significantly improved. When the Sn content is 5%, the joint shear strength reaches the highest value of 50Mpa, which is higher than the pure nano silver paste by 10 Mpa. This new nano-silver wrapped tin paste technology has the characteristics of low temperature sintering and high temperature service, so it is expected to be widely used in semiconductor power devices.
Phantom and clinical evaluation of bone SPECT/CT image reconstruction using novel conjugate gradient method
Authors: Miyaji Noriaki , Miwa Kenta , Tokiwa Ayaka , Ichikawa Hajime , Terauchi Takashi , Koizumi Misturu , Onoguchi Masahisa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Two novel methods of image reconstruction, xSPECT Quant (xQ) and xSPECT Bone (xB) that use an ordered subset conjugate gradient minimizer (OSCGM) for bone SPECT/CT have been proposed. The present study compares the performance characteristics of xQ, xB and conventional Flash3D (F3D) reconstruction using images derived from phantoms and patients. Methods A custom-designed body phantom for bone SPECT was scanned using a Symbia Intevo (Siemens Healthineers) and reconstructed xSPECT images were evaluated. A phantom with 28-mm spheres containing a 99m Tc background, and having tumor-to-bone ratios (TBR) of 1, 2, 4 and 10, was evaluated as the convergence of 1 - 96 iterations. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a simulated spinous process (10 mm), coefficients of variance (CV) and recovery coefficients (RC) of a simulated spine on SPECT images determined using F3D, xQ, xB were compared in a phantom containing four spheres with diameters of 13, 17, 22, 28 mm at TBR4 containing a 99m Tc-background. Images from 20 patients with suspected bone metastases (male, n = 13) were acquired using 99m Tc-(H)MDP SPECT/CT, then the CV and standardized uptake value (SUV) at the 4 th vertebral body (L4) were compared with xQ and xB in a clinical setup. Results Mean radioactive concentrations with various TBR converged in accordance with increasing numbers of iterations. Spatial resolution was improved in the order of xB, xQ and F3D regardless of the number of iterations during reconstruction. The CV and RC were better for xQ and xB than F3D. The RC significantly differed between xQ and xB at lower numbers of iterations, whereas those of xQ and xB became almost saturated at higher iteration numbers. The CV and SUV for clinical patients did not significantly differ between xQ and xB. Conclusions The reconstructed xQ and xB images were better than those conventionally reconstructed using F3D. Bone SPECT xB imaging offered essentially unchanged spatial resolution even when the numbers of iterations did not converge. The xB further enhanced SPECT image quality using CT data. Our findings provide important evidence for understanding the performance characteristics of the novel xQ and xBalgorithms.
Development and validation of an immune-related gene-based prognostic signature in gastric cancer
Authors: Ge Penglei , Chen Xiaofang , Wu Yang , Fu Yubin , Li Chunbo , Feng Zhengkai , Xue Jiahao , Li Lin , Zhang Gong , Gao Zhiqiang , Dang Xiaowei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is a common lethal cancer worldwide. We aimed to develop a reliable, individualized, immune-related prognostic signature that can be used to stratify and estimate prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the gene expression profiles of gastric cancer with tumor tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts, which included 676 cases in total. Immune genes from the InnateDB database were selected to develop and validate an immune-related prognostic model for gastric cancer patients.
Results: An immune-related gene pair (IRGP) model was constructed that enabled us to stratify patients into high- and low-risk immune risk groups in the training set. Patients with a low risk score had a significantly longer median survival time than those with a high risk score. Further, we compared the predictive accuracy of the IRGP model with clinical characteristics, including TNM, grade, age, and stage. The results showed that the model had the highest mean C-index (0.69) compared with grade (0.55) or stage (0.60) in survival prediction. Then, we constructed a nomogram that integrated the IRGP model with independent clinical characteristics, which showed the best prognostic accuracy compared with other signatures.
Conclusion: A clinical-immune signature based on IRGP is a promising prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. Prospective studies are needed to further validate its accuracy and to test its clinical utility in individualized treatment.
The construction and validation of the model for predicting the incidence and prognosis of brain metastasis in lung cancer patients
Authors: Zuo Chunjian , Sun Peng , Liu Guanchu , Che Pengyu , Li Gang , Li Xiang , Bai Ye , Tian Jie , Chen Huanwen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Brain metastasis (BM) causes high morbidity and mortality rate in lung cancer (LC). The present study aims to develop models for predicting the development and prognosis of brain metastasis using a large sample size lung cancer cohort.
Methods: A total of 266,522 lung cancer cases that were diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) cohort. The risk factors for developing BM and prognosis were calculated by uni and multivariable logistic and Cox regression analysis, respectively and nomograms were constructed basing on the risk factors. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) or C-index and calibration curve, respectively.
Results: The prevalence of BM was 16.25%, the associated factors for developing BM including advanced age, Asian or Pacific Islander race, uninsured status, primary tumor site, higher T stage, N stage, poorly differentiated grade, the presence of lung, liver and bone metastases and adenocarcinoma histology. The median overall survival (OS) was 4 months; the associated prognosis factors were familiar with risk factors plus female gender, unmarried status, and surgery. The calibration curve showed good agreement between predicted and actual probability and the AUC/C-index were 73.1% (95% CI: 72.6-73.6%) and 0.88 (95 % CI 0.87-0.89) for risk and prognosis predictive models, respectively.