bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mulligan Knee Taping Using Both Elastic and Rigid Tape Reduces Pain and Alters Lower Limb Biomechanics in Female Patients With Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Mackay Grant J.K. , Stearne Sarah M. , Wild Catherine Y. , Nugent Erin P. , Murdock Alexander P. , Mastaglia Benjamin , Hall Toby M. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Evidence supports the use of Mulligan knee taping in managing patellofemoral pain (PFP). However, no studies have compared the efficacy of rigid and elastic tape using this technique. Hypothesis: Mulligan knee taping applied with both rigid and elastic tape will produce similar reductions in knee pain, hip internal rotation, and knee flexion moments compared with no tape. Elastic tape will also be more comfortable than rigid tape. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 19 female patients (mean age, 26.5 ± 4.5 years) with PFP performed a self-selected pain provocative task, single-leg squat (SLSq) task, and running task while wearing Mulligan knee taping applied with rigid tape, elastic tape at 100% tension, and no tape. Pain and taping comfort were recorded using 11-point numeric rating scales. An 18-camera motion capture system and in-ground force plates recorded 3-dimensional lower limb kinematics and kinetics for the SLSq and running tasks. Statistical analysis involved a series of repeated-measures analyses of variance. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for analyzing taping comfort. Results: Compared with no tape, both rigid and elastic tape significantly reduced pain during the pain provocative task (mean difference [MD], –0.97 [95% CI, –1.57 to –0.38] and –1.42 [95% CI, –2.20 to –0.64], respectively), SLSq (MD, –1.26 [95% CI, –2.23 to –0.30] and –1.13 [95% CI, –2.09 to –0.17], respectively), and running tasks (MD, –1.24 [95% CI, –2.11 to –0.37] and –1.16 [95% CI, –1.86 to –0.46], respectively). Elastic tape was significantly more comfortable than rigid tape generally ( P = .005) and during activity ( P = .022). Compared with no tape, both rigid and elastic tape produced increased knee internal rotation at initial contact during the running task (MD, 5.5° [95% CI, 3.6° to 7.4°] and 5.9° [95% CI, 3.9° to 7.9°], respectively) and at the commencement of knee flexion during the SLSq task (MD, 5.8° [95% CI, 4.5° to 7.0°] and 5.8° [95% CI, 4.1° to 7.4°], respectively), greater peak knee internal rotation during the running (MD, 1.8° [95% CI, 0.4° to 3.3°] and 2.2° [95% CI, 0.9° to 3.6°], respectively) and SLSq tasks (MD, 3.2° [95% CI, 2.1° to 4.3°] and 3.8° [95% CI, 2.3° to 5.2°], respectively), and decreased knee internal rotation range of motion during the running (MD, –3.6° [95% CI, –6.1° to –1.1°] and –3.7° [95% CI, –6.2° to –1.2°], respectively) and SLSq tasks (MD, –2.5° [95% CI, –3.9° to –1.2°] and –2.0° [95% CI, –3.2° to –0.9°], respectively). Conclusion: Mulligan knee taping with both rigid and elastic tape reduced pain across all 3 tasks and altered tibiofemoral rotation during the SLSq and running tasks. Clinical Relevance: Both taping methods reduced pain and altered lower limb biomechanics. Elastic tape may be chosen clinically for comfort reasons.
Matrix-Augmented Bone Marrow Stimulation With a Polyglycolic Acid Membrane With Hyaluronan vs Microfracture in Local Cartilage Defects of the Femoral Condyles: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Glasbrenner Johannes , Petersen Wolf , Raschke Michael J. , Steiger Matthias , Verdonk René , Castelli Claudio C. , Zappalà Giorgio , Fritschy Daniel , Herbort Mirco 
Published: May 2020

Background: Microfracture (MF) is an established operative treatment for small, localized chondral defects of the knee joint. There is evidence from animal studies that matrix augmentation of bone marrow stimulation (m-BMS) can improve the quality of the repair tissue formation. Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic outcome of a matrix made of polyglycolic acid and hyaluronan as compared with a conventional MF technique. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Patients between the ages of 18 and 68 years who had an articular femoral cartilage defect of 0.5 to 3 cm2 in the weightbearing area of the femoral condyles with indication for MF were included in this study. Patients were randomized and treated with either MF or m-BMS with Chondrotissue. Defect filling, as assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), at postoperative 12 weeks was defined as the primary outcome measure, with follow-up MRI at weeks 54 and 108. Follow-up data were also collected at 12, 54, and 108 weeks after surgery and included patient-reported clinical scores: visual analog scale for pain, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee score, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results: MRI scans confirmed cartilage repair tissue formation in both groups 12 weeks after treatment. There was no significant difference between the m-BMS and MF groups in the percentage of defect filling at 12, 54, and 108 weeks postoperatively. No significant difference was found in terms of patient-reported clinical scores. Both groups showed significant improvement in 4 KOOS subscales—Pain, Activities of Daily Living, Sport and Recreation, and Quality of Life—at 54 and 108 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: This is the first randomized controlled trial comparing m-BMS with a polyglycolic acid matrix with hyaluronan with MF. The use of the Chondrotissue implant in m-BMS has been proven to be a safe procedure. No difference was found between m-BMS and MF in terms of patient-reported outcome scores and MRI assessment until postoperative 2 years. Long-term follow-up studies including histological assessment are desirable for further investigation. Registration: EUCTR2011-003594-28-DE (EU Clinical Trials Register).
Collaboration Among Agents of a Human System to Create Distributed Value
Authors: Fratantuono Michael J. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This article presents a model that the author calls the Collaborative Enterprise (CE). It serves as a general framework for thinking about all collaborations. Distinguishing feature: The CE focuses first on the purpose of a collaboration, and it then turns to participants, resources and capabilities, and processes. It illustrates the relevance of the model with three mini-case studies. Model type: The model is developed via schematic diagrams and narrative explanation. Model components: The CE posits four generic agents that collectively leverage resources and capabilities as they engage in a structured series of processes. Model attributes: The CE illustrates combinations of self-organization and hierarchy among agent types and emphasizes key processes in a collaboration. Literature: Literature from business strategy; organizational theory; and basic systems theory, including complex adaptive systems, inform the CE. Key insights: The purpose of the CE is to create distributed value by launching initiatives in functional arenas to shape the determinants of high-level goals. Implications: Success in creating distributed value is possible but challenging.
Visual and anatomical outcomes of central serous chorioretinopathy patients presenting to a tertiary unit: a prospective analysis
Authors: Walkden Andrew , Atkinson Olivia , Linton Emma , Bull Adam , Abraham Laina , Chhabra Ramandeep 
Published: May 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to prospectively define the characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of central serous chorioretinopathy patients using optical coherence tomography imaging to determine anatomical disease resolution. Much of the literature available on the characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy patients pre date the advent of OCT imaging, with conclusive epidemiological evidence being scarce. We describe a cohort of patients presenting to a large centre over the course of a year. Methods: Prospective data collection was undertaken for all patients diagnosed with central serous chorioretinopathy at our unit over the course of 1 year. All patients underwent thorough history taking and optical coherence tomography imaging. Results: In total, 59 eyes from 51 patients were diagnosed with central serous chorioretinopathy between April 2017 and April 2018; 23 (45.1%) patients had optical coherence tomography evidence of complete anatomical resolution within a year, with three (5.88%) patients suffering a worse visual acuity compared with that at presentation at 1-year end point; and three patients developed secondary choroidal neovascular membranes. Conclusion: Our study reports much-needed prospective outcomes of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, which helps to guide clinicians when deciding treatment strategies, as well as better informing patients of their prognosis for visual improvement.
On the physiological and cellular homeostasis of ascorbate
Authors: Przybyło Magdalena , Langner Marek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecent interest in the role of ascorbate in crucial metabolic processes is driven by the growing number of medical reports that show beneficial effects of ascorbate supplementation for maintaining general well-being and recovery from a variety of medical conditions. The effect of ascorbate on the local body environment highly depends on its local concentration; at low concentrations it can cause the reduction of reactive oxygen and facilitate activities of enzymes, while at high concentrations it generates free radicals by reducing ferric ions. Ascorbate serving as an electron donor assists the iron-containing proteins and the iron transfer between various aqueous compartments. These functions require effective and adjustable mechanisms responsible for ascorbate biodistribution. In the paper we propose a new biophysical model of ascorbate redistribution between various aqueous body compartments. It combines recent experimental evidence regarding the ability of ascorbate to cross the lipid bilayer by unassisted diffusion, with active transport by well-characterized sodium vitamin C transporter (SVCT) membrane proteins. In the model, the intracellular concentration of ascorbate is maintained by the balance of two opposing fluxes: fast active and slow passive transport. The model provides a mechanistic understanding of ascorbate flux across the epidermal barrier in the gut as well as the role of astrocytes in ascorbate recycling in the brain. In addition, ascorbate passive diffusion across biological membranes, which depends on membrane electric potentials and pH gradients, provides the rationale for the correlation between ascorbate distribution and the transfer of iron ions inside a cell. The proposed approach provides, for the first time, a mechanistic account of processes leading to ascorbate physiological and cellular distribution, which helps to explain numerous experimental and clinical observations.
LncRNA NNT-AS1 promotes lung squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the miR-22/FOXM1 axis
Authors: Ma Jing , Qi Guanbin , Li Lei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have revealed that dysregulated expression of long non-coding RNA nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA NNT-AS1) is associated with cell tumorigenicity in non-small cell lung cancer. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of NNT-AS1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remain largely unknown.

Methods
The expression of NNT-AS1, microRNA (miR)-22 and Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot, respectively. The interaction between miR-22 and NNT-AS1 or FOXM1 was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Cell migration and invasion abilities were measured by Transwell assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptotic cells.

Results
NNT-AS1 and FOXM1 were up-regulated but miR-22 was down-regulated in LUSC tissues and cell lines. NNT-AS1 was a sponge of miR-22, and NNT-AS1 deletion suppressed the migration and invasion but induced apoptosis in LUSC cells. FOXM1 was a target of miR-22, and overexpression of miR-22 inhibited cell carcinogenesis in LUSC by targeting FOXM1. Additionally, NNT-AS1 could directly regulate FOXM1 expression by binding to miR-22 in LUSC cells.

Conclusion
LncRNA NNT-AS1 contributes to cell carcinogenesis in LUSC by regulating the miR-22/FOXM1 axis, providing a novel insight into the pathogenesis of LUSC and a new potential therapeutic target for LUSC treatment.
Teleological explanations in evolution classes: video-based analyses of teaching and learning processes across a seventh-grade teaching unit
Authors: Gresch Helge 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudents frequently explain evolutionary processes, such as adaptation, in a teleological way. These teleological explanations may involve goal-directedness, purpose, an external designer or the internal needs of individual organisms as causal factors. While many science educators consider teleological bias to be a central obstacle in understanding evolutionary processes, other scholars argue that teleological (and anthropomorphic) formulations may also serve pedagogical aims, e.g., to increase empathy and to relate topics to students’ world. Although many empirical studies describe the abundance of students’ teleological explanations, little is known about how teachers deal with teleological explanations in the classroom and the relationship between teachers’ approach and students’ learning processes. Consequently, this study addresses the research question of how a teacher and students situationally address teleology across a teaching unit on evolution.ResultsThis article presents a case study on teacher-student interactions within a seventh-grade teaching unit on evolution. Video and audio data from the classroom are complemented with data from a post hoc interview with the teacher. Data are analyzed using the qualitative documentary method. Analyses show that the teaching practice can be described as ambiguous and is characterized by a compatibility of scientific and teleological explanations. This results in the reproduction and enforcement of students’ teleological explanations. These aspects of the teaching practice are related to the teaching norms stated in the interview: the norm of motivating students and the norm of transforming teleological explanations into scientifically adequate evolutionary explanations. The results show that in contrast to the interview, these norms cannot be reconciled in teaching practice.ConclusionsThe relationship between teaching norms and teaching practice is discussed in view of norms in the field of biology education, i.e., conceptual development from teleological to evolutionary explanations, and teleology and anthropomorphisms as a means to promote interest. In this light, suggestions for dealing with teleological explanations are elaborated on, focusing on metacognitive approaches. Furthermore, it is argued that videos and transcripts of classroom interactions also provide rich data for the education of preservice teachers and for professional development.
Similar yet different: phylogenomic analysis to delineate Salmonella and Citrobacter species boundaries
Authors: Pilar Ana Victoria C. , Petronella Nicholas , Dussault Forest M. , Verster Adrian J. , Bekal Sadjia , Levesque Roger C. , Goodridge Lawrence , Tamber Sandeep 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide resulting in considerable public health and economic costs. Testing for the presence of this pathogen in food is often hampered by the presence of background microflora that may present as Salmonella (false positives). False positive isolates belonging to the genus Citrobacter can be difficult to distinguish from Salmonella due to similarities in their genetics, cell surface antigens, and other phenotypes. In order to understand the genetic basis of these similarities, a comparative genomic approach was used to define the pan-, core, accessory, and unique coding sequences of a representative population of Salmonella and Citrobacter strains.

Results
Analysis of the genomic content of 58 S. enterica strains and 37 Citrobacter strains revealed the presence of 31,130 and 1540 coding sequences within the pan- and core genome of this population. Amino acid sequences unique to either Salmonella (n = 1112) or Citrobacter (n = 195) were identified and revealed potential niche-specific adaptations. Phylogenetic network analysis of the protein families encoded by the pan-genome indicated that genetic exchange between Salmonella and Citrobacter may have led to the acquisition of similar traits and also diversification within the genera.

Conclusions
Core genome analysis suggests that the Salmonella enterica and Citrobacter populations investigated here share a common evolutionary history. Comparative analysis of the core and pan-genomes was able to define the genetic features that distinguish Salmonella from Citrobacter and highlight niche specific adaptations.
Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum
Authors: Dennis Alice B. , Ballesteros Gabriel I. , Robin Stéphanie , Schrader Lukas , Bast Jens , Berghöfer Jan , Beukeboom Leo W. , Belghazi Maya , Bretaudeau Anthony , Buellesbach Jan , Cash Elizabeth , Colinet Dominique , Dumas Zoé , Errbii Mohammed , Falabella Patrizia , Gatti Jean-Luc , Geuverink Elzemiek , Gibson Joshua D. , Hertaeg Corinne , Hartmann Stefanie , Jacquin-Joly Emmanuelle , Lammers Mark , Lavandero Blas I. , Lindenbaum Ina , Massardier-Galata Lauriane , Meslin Camille , Montagné Nicolas , Pak Nina , Poirié Marylène , Salvia Rosanna , Smith Chris R. , Tagu Denis , Tares Sophie , Vogel Heiko , Schwander Tanja , Simon Jean-Christophe , Figueroa Christian C. , Vorburger Christoph , Legeai Fabrice , Gadau Jürgen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundParasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts.ResultsWe present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids:Aphidius erviandLysiphlebus fabarum(Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae).The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile ofL. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes.ConclusionsThese findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available athttps://bipaa.genouest.org.
Alexithymia and automatic processing of facial emotions: behavioral and neural findings
Authors: Rosenberg Nicole , Ihme Klas , Lichev Vladimir , Sacher Julia , Rufer Michael , Grabe Hans Jörgen , Kugel Harald , Pampel André , Lepsien Jöran , Kersting Anette , Villringer Arno , Suslow Thomas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulties identifying and describing feelings, an externally oriented style of thinking, and a reduced inclination to imagination. Previous research has shown deficits in the recognition of emotional facial expressions in alexithymia and reductions of brain responsivity to emotional stimuli. Using an affective priming paradigm, we investigated automatic perception of facial emotions as a function of alexithymia at the behavioral and neural level. In addition to self-report scales, we applied an interview to assess alexithymic tendencies.ResultsDuring 3 T fMRI scanning, 49 healthy individuals judged valence of neutral faces preceded by briefly shown happy, angry, fearful, and neutral facial expressions. Alexithymia was assessed using the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ) and the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia (TSIA). As expected, only negative correlations were found between alexithymic features and affective priming. The global level of self-reported alexithymia (as assessed by the TAS-20 and the BVAQ) was found to be related to less affective priming owing to angry faces. At the facet level, difficulties identifying feelings, difficulties analyzing feelings, and impoverished fantasy (as measured by the BVAQ) were correlated with reduced affective priming due to angry faces. Difficulties identifying feelings (BVAQ) correlated also with reduced affective priming due to fearful faces and reduced imagination (TSIA) was related to decreased affective priming due to happy faces. There was only one significant correlation between alexithymia dimensions and automatic brain response to masked facial emotions: TAS-20 alexithymia correlated with heightened brain response to masked happy faces in superior and medial frontal areas.ConclusionsOur behavioral results provide evidence that alexithymic features are related in particular to less sensitivity for covert facial expressions of anger. The perceptual alterations could reflect impaired automatic recognition or integration of social anger signals into judgemental processes and might contribute to the problems in interpersonal relationships associated with alexithymia. Our findings suggest that self-report measures of alexithymia may have an advantage over interview-based tests as research tools in the field of emotion perception at least in samples of healthy individuals characterized by rather low levels of alexithymia.
The effects of body mass index on outcomes for patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Forgie Keir , Bozso Sabin J. , Hong Yongzhe , Norris Colleen M. , Ishaque Abdullah , Gill Richdeep S. , Freed Darren H. , Moon Michael C. , Nagendran Jayan , Nagendran Jeevan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Most of the studies of obesity and postoperative outcome have looked predominantly at coronary artery bypass grafting with fewer focused on valvular disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients undergoing aortic valve replacement stratified by body mass index (BMI, kg/m^2).

Methods
The Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease registry captured 4780 aortic valve replacements in Alberta, Canada from January 2004 to December 2018. All recipients were stratified by BMI into five groups (BMI: < 20, 20–24.9, 25–29.9, 30–34.9, and > = 35). Log-rank test and Cox regression were used to examine the crude and adjusted survival differences.

Results
Intra-operative clamp time and pump time were similar among the five groups. Significant statistical differences between groups existed for the incidence of isolated AVR, AVR and CABG, hemorrhage, septic infection, and deep sternal infection (p < 0.05). While there was no significant statistical difference in the mortality rate across the BMI groups, the underweight AVR patients (BMI < 20) were associated with increased hazard ratio (1.519; 95% confidence interval: 1.028–2.245) with regards to all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up compared with normal weight patients.

Conclusion
Overweight and obese patients should be considered as readily for AVR as normal BMI patients.