bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Predictors for Deep Vein Thrombosis on Admission in Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Fan Jixing , Zhou Fang , Xu Xiangyu , Zhang Zhishan , Tian Yun , Ji Hongquan , Guo Yan , Lv Yang , Yang Zhongwei , Hou Guojin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Limited studies are available to investigate the prevalence of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures. The aim of present study was to evaluate risk factors and the prevalence of pre-admission DVT in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.Methods This retrospective study included 788 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture who were eligible for this study from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. Color doppler ultrasonography was performed for DVT detection at admission. All patients’ clinical data were collected. Cumulative incidence plots were calculated to assess the overall DVT risk and the median time from injury to admission. A stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors contributing to the occurrence of DVT.Results The overall prevalence of pre-admission DVT in patients with intertrochanteric fractures was 20.81% (164 of 788 patients). Univariate analysis showed that significantly elevated risk of DVT were found in patients with longer time from injury to admission, high energy injury, higher BMI, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atrial fibrillation, dementia, varicose veins, higher age-adjusted CCI, higher ASA class and A3 type intertrochanteric fractures (P<0.05). The adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that longer time from injury to admission, high energy trauma, COPD, atrial fibrillation, varicose veins and A3 type intertrochanteric fractures were independent risk factors of pre-admission DVT.Conclusions A high prevalence of pre-admission DVT was found in elderly Chinese patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Therefore, routine DVT screening before admission was necessary for elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures in order to prevent intraoperative and postoperative PE and other lethal complications.
Mitochondrial dysfunction-induced KDM5A degradation impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Dong Kyu , Jeong Hyobin , Bae Jingi , Cha Moon-Yong , Kang Moonkyung , Shin Dongjin , Ha Shinwon , Hyeon Seung Jae , Kim Hokeun , Suh Kyujin , Choi Mi-Sun , Ryu Hoon , Yu Seong-Woon , Kim Jong-Il , Kim Yeon-Soo , Lee Sang-Won , Hwang Daehee , Mook-Jung Inhee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a process of continuously generating functional mature neurons from neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains, amyloid pathology has deleterious effects on AHN, but molecular mechanisms for dysregulated AHN are unclear. Mitochondria of neural stem/progenitor cells play crucial roles in determining cell fate. Since mitochondrial dysfunction by amyloid pathology is the typical symptom of AD pathogenesis, we aim to study whether mitochondrial dysfunction of neural stem/progenitor cells by amyloid pathology causes the impairment of AHN, and elucidate the molecular mechanism of the phenomenon. Methods To investigate the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction of neural stem/progenitor cells on neuronal differentiation, we expressed mitochondria-targeted amyloid beta (mitoAβ) in neural stem/progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo. Proteomic analysis of the hippocampal tissue implicated mitochondrial dysfunction by mitoAβ as a cause of AHN deficits. We identified epigenetic regulators of neural progenitor cells that are regulated by mitoAβ expression or drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity and proposed a link between mitochondria and AHN. Results Amyloid pathology characteristically inhibited the neuronal differentiation stage, not the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells during AHN in early AD model mice. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neural stem/progenitor cells by expressing mitoAβ inhibited the neuronal differentiation and AHN with cognitive impairment. Mechanistic studies revealed that lysine demethylase 5A (KDM5A) was involved in the neuronal differentiation and could be degraded by mitochondrial dysfunction in neural progenitor cells, thereby inhibiting the differentiation and cognitive functions. Conclusions These results reveal the new role of KDM5A as a mediator of retrograde signaling, reflecting mitochondrial status, and that the decrease of KDM5A in neural progenitor cells by mitochondrial dysfunction impairs the neuronal differentiation and AHN, finally leading to memory deficits. These findings and its relationship to mitochondrial dysfunction suggest that mitochondrial failure in neural progenitor cells by amyloid pathology closely associates with reduced AHN in AD.
Nexus Among Tourism, Environmental Degradation, Inward FDI and Economic Growth: Fresh Evidence from ASEAN Countries
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Noor Sameena , Nawaz Muhammad Atif 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the linkage among tourism, foreign direct investment, environmental degradation by CO2 emissions and economic growth in five countries from Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) over 1995–2017. The outcomes of pooled mean group (PMG) estimator reveal that FDI and international tourism arrivals have a significantly positive influence on economic growth both in the short-run and the long-run. The association between growth and CO2 emissions is found negative and significant. The Granger causality result reveals that there is bidirectional causality between FDI and growth, tourism and growth and FDI and tourism. A unidirectional causal link is found between CO2 emissions and growth, tourism and population and population and CO2 emissions. These findings suggest enhance more inward FDI, control environmental pollution, but also necessary to attract more tourists towards these countries, which in turn, generate revenue and boost up economic growth and development.JEL Classification Codes: F21; O13; O47; Z32
Research on Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Analysis of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia After Surgery for Acute Type a Aortic Dissection
Authors: Zhou Chu-zhi , Li Yan-zhen , Feng Dong-jie , Fang Yuan , Zha Feng-yan , Wang Erhui , Wei Min-xin , Wen Jun-min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
PurposeThe present study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection and perform a relevant prognostic analysis. MethodsAfter continuous observation and analysis of 204 patients who underwent acute type A aortic dissection, we found that blood platelets decreased significantly after surgery and that these patients can be suspected to suffer HIT based on relevant 4Ts scores. For these suspected HIT patients, a latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay was conducted to detect heparin-induced antibodies. Perioperative clinical data of patients in HIT and non-HIT groups were recorded as were blood platelet counts, HIT antibody test results, 4Ts scores, thromboembolic complications, clinical prognosis and outcomes. ResultsIn the present study, 38 suspected HIT patients, 16 HIT patients and 188 non-HIT patients were selected in the clinical setting. Among them, HIT patients were found to have prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time(223min on average vs. 164min) and delayed aortic cross-clamp time(128min on average vs. 107min), and these differences between HIT patients and non-HIT patients were significant (P<0.05). Additionally, the HIT group required longer operation time and higher dose of heparin, but showing no statistical differences(P>0.05). The transfusions of blood platelets in the HIT group and non-HIT group were 18.7±5.0u and 15.6±7.34 u, respectively.In the HIT group, the mechanic ventilation time and the length of ICU stay were longer comparing the non-HIT group(P<0.05), though no significant differences in total length of stay or In-hospital mortality were observed (P>0.05).The incidence of continuous renal replacement therapy in HIT group was higher than the non-HIT group(P<0.05). Additionally,there were no significant differences in 24-h postoperative drainage or reoperation for bleeding in both group(P>0.05). However, the HIT antibody titer in the HIT group was significantly higher than that in the Suspected HIT group(2.7±1.8U/mL vs. 0.3±0.2U/mL)(P<0.05).Among patients diagnosed with HIT, the incidence of thromboembolism reached 31.5%.For example, two HIT patients newly developed thromboembolism in both lower extremities,and three patients experienced cerebral infarction. ConclusionsAfter surgery for acute type A aortic dissection, HIT patients developed postoperative complications, the duration of ventilatory support and length of ICU stay were extended, and the incidence of thromboembolism increased. HIT antibody detection and risk classification should be implemented for high-risk patients showing early clinical characteristics.
The Diameter of Bronchial Resection Margin is Associated With Postoperative Lung Metastasis and Long-term Survival
Authors: Xiao Zengtuan , Zhang Mengzhe , Wang Xiaofei , Gong Jialin , Liu Zuo , Zhang Zhenfa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the significance of the diameter of bronchial resection margin (DBRM) on the postoperative lung metastasis and long -term survival of patients with primary lung cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 1844 patients with primary lung cancer between January 2006 and December 2010 after surgery. Patients were divided into DBRM≤1 cm group (826 patients) and DBRM>1 cm group (1018 patients). Propensity score matching was used to reduce grouping selection bias. Furthermore, we divide the 974 patients who had definite first metastasis site into lung metastasis group (283 patients) and other metastasis group (691 patients), and analyzed related risk factors and prognosis of metastasis. Disease-free survival and overall survival were the study end points.ResultsThe DBRM≤1 cm group had a significantly better prognosis than DBTM>1 cm group (5-year DFS, 36.5% vs 25.7%; P < 0.001; 5-year OS, 45.4% vs 34.1%; P < 0.001). After multivariate survival analysis, DBRM remained the independent favorable effect on DFS (HR, 1.198; 95% CI, 1,071 to 1.340; P = 0.002) and OS (HR, 1.186; 95% CI, 1.060 to1.327; P = 0.003). PSM further confirmed that DBRM≤1 cm group had a better DFS (P = 0.032) and OS (P = 0.026) than the DBRM>1 cm group. It revealed that the DBRM was an independent risk factor for postoperative lung metastasis, and postoperative adjuvant therapy could improve the OS of lung metastases.ConclusionsThe DBRM was an independent risk factor for postoperative lung metastasis and adjuvant therapy could improve long-term survival.
Modified Nuss Operation Using Introducer-Bar Complex for Pectus Excavatum in Adults: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Juan , Li Yao , Feng Tienan , Cao Beibei , Xiao Haibo , hu fengqing , Li Guoqing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundShortcoming of traditional Nuss operation on adults is gradually found in the clinical practice. A new kind of introducer-bar complex was introduced. However, there is limited evidence regarding its safety and efficacy. Therefore, a single center, retrospective study was conducted to address this issue.MethodsPatients with pectus excavatum who underwent surgery between January 2015 and June 2017 were consecutively enrolled in this study. In all, 52 patients underwent the modified procedure using the introducer-bar complex (new procedure group), whereas 48 underwent the traditional anti-Nuss procedure (traditional procedure group). Outcomes analysis of balanced baseline was performed to compare the intraoperative and postoperative short-term outcomes.ResultsAll patients in the new procedure group had shorter operation duration (51.54 ± 20.32 vs. 79.45 ± 13.88 min, p = 0.017), postoperative hospitalizations (4.77 ± 1.62 vs. 6.86 ± 2.18 days, p = 0.028), plate removal surgery durations (39.30 ± 8.97 vs. 60.30±10.49 min, p < 0.001), and less blood loss during operation (6.25 ± 4.88 vs. 10.90±5.75ml, p = 0.003) than patients in the traditional procedure group. There was no significant difference in the length of incision, postoperative Haller index, cost, number of steel bars, postoperative surgical outcome and incidence of complications between the two groups.Conclusion﻿Through the main clinical outcome were similar, our data reveals modified procedure has shorter operation time, postoperative hospital stay, operation time for plate removal and less blood loss, which will bring potential clinical benefits to patients.
Variation p.R1045H in MYH7 correlated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a Chinese pedigree
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yiyi Shang , Liu Luo , Ding Xiaoxue , Wu Haiyan , Li Lijiang , Pang Mingjie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is s a fatal disease that damages heart function and may cause the heart to stop beating suddenly. The genetic factors play an important role in HCM. Pedigree analysis is a good way to identify the genetic defects that cause disease. Methods: A HCM pedigree was found in Yunnan of China. Whole-exome sequencings were performed for finding the genetic variant of HCM. Another 30 HCM patients and 200 health controls were also used to investigate the frequency of variation by TaqMan-MGB method. Results: The variation NM_000257.4:c.3134G>A (NP_000248.2:p.Arg1045His, rs397516178, short as c.3134G>A) was found to co-segregate with the symptoms of HCM. Meanwhile, the variation was not found in 200 controls. After genotyping the variation in 30 HCM patients, one patient carried the variation and had a family history. Conclusion: Our findings support that this variation may be closely related to the occurrence of the disease. According the ACMG guideline, the c. 3134G>A should be classified as " Likely pathogenic".
Aspiration Biopsy Versus Dilatation and Curettage for Endometrial Hyperplasia Prior to Hysterectomy
Authors: Hwang Woo Yeon , Suh Dong Hoon , Kim Kidong , No Jae Hong , Kim Yong Beom 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of aspiration biopsy and dilatation and curettage (D&C) in patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia prior to hysterectomy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 250 patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia by endometrial sampling between July 2003 and March 2020. Endometrial sampling was performed by aspiration biopsy (n=150) or D&C (n=100), followed by hysterectomy within 6 months. Pathological findings of hysterectomy specimens of the two groups were compared to preoperative findings.Results: The overall diagnostic concordance between endometrial sampling specimen including D&C and aspiration biopsy, and hysterectomy specimen was 51.0% (51/100) and 41.3% (62/150), respectively. Patients whose preoperative specimen was obtained by D&C were upgraded less significantly than those who underwent aspiration biopsy (27.6% vs 72.4%; P = 0.008). In particular, significantly fewer patients were upgraded after D&C than after aspiration biopsy in hyperplasia without atypia (28.0% vs 72.0%; P = 0.028) and complex hyperplasia cases (27.9% vs 72.1%; P = 0.049). In addition, when the final pathological upgrade rate to endometrial carcinoma was evaluated between the two methods of endometrial sampling, significantly fewer cases were noted after D&C than after aspiration biopsy (26.8% vs 73.2%; P=0.022).Conclusions: In our study, D&C more accurately reflected the final diagnosis in patients with endometrial hyperplasia than aspiration biopsy based on the histological examination of hysterectomy specimens. When considering the management strategy for women with an endometrial hyperplasia diagnosis obtained by aspiration biopsy, physicians should consider the significant rate of upgraded diseases with this method of endometrial sampling.
Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Activity Limitation in Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study of Adults Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (CLSA) Data
Authors: Fishbook Brayden N , Siever Jodi , Klassen Tara D , Sakakibara Brodie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is the diagnosis of at least two of: diabetes, stroke, or heart disease. CM is a common pattern of multimorbidity, however, the association between CM and activity limitation remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to 1) estimate the prevalence of activity limitations among Canadians with CM; and 2) quantify the association between CM and activity limitations.Methods: Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), we estimated the prevalence of CM in Canadians aged 45 to 85 (n=51,022). Multinomial logistic regression was used to quantify the association between CM and activity limitation, evaluated using the Older American Resources and Services (OARS) scale.Results: The prevalence of people living with CM and reporting any activity limitation was 27.4%, with the greatest proportion (47.9%) observed in participants living with all three cardiometabolic conditions. The multinomial odds ratio (or relative risk ratio (RRR)) of activity limitation was greatest amongst participants with all three CM conditions (any limitation: RRR = 11.229, 95% CI = 5.803 to 21.726). Of the two disease combinations, those that included stroke had the greatest odds of activity limitation (stroke and diabetes: RRR = 6.546, 95% CI = 4.436 – 9.661; stroke and myocardial infarction: RRR = 7.029, 95% CI = 4.168 – 11.853). Conclusion: Activity limitation is common amongst Canadians living with CM, and those with CM have an increased odds of reporting activity limitation relative to those with no CM conditions. The odds increase in dose-response relationship as one accumulates more CM conditions.
Knockdown of miR-423-5p Simultaneously Upgrades the eNOS and VEGFa Pathways in ADSCs and Improves Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Zhou Jun , Yin Yinghao , Yang Yuan , Peng Dongyi , Wei Jingchao , Tang Yuxin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate if inhibition of miR-423-5p in ADSCs alleviates damage to endothelial cells in high glucose conditions and improves erectile function in diabetic rats.MethodsMiR-423-5p was knocked down in adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs). Then, ADSCs, NC-miR-ADSCs, and miR-ADSCs were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Normal glucose and high glucose media were supplemented. Afterwards, the supernatant and HUVECs were collected for assessment of eNOS and VEGFa expression, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 12 weeks were induced to develop diabetes mellitus by intraperitoneal injection with streptozocin (STZ), and five healthy SD rats were used as normal controls. Eight weeks after developing diabetes, the rats received ADSCs and miR-ADSCs via injection into the corpora cavernosa, whereas normal controls and DM controls were injected with saline. Erectile function and histological assessment of penile tissues were performed eight weeks after injection.ResultsMiR-423-5p was successfully inhibited in ADSCs, and HUVECs co-cultured with ADSCs or miR-ADSCs exhibited higher eNOS and VEGFa protein expression levels compared to DM groups (P<0.05). MiR-ADSCs enhanced HUVEC proliferation compared to the ADSCs and NC-miR-ADSCs in both normal and high glucose conditions (P<0.01). Lower apoptotic rates were observed when HUVECs were co-cultured with miR-ADSCs, compared to ADSCs and NC-miR-ADSCs (P<0.05). The ICP/MAP indicated that erectile function was severely impaired in the DM rats compared with the normal group. Injection of ADSCs and miR-ADSCs improved erectile function (P<0.01) significantly and was associated with the overexpression of eNOS and VEGFa. Masson trichrome stain showed less fibrosis formation in the miR-ADSC group than the DM group.ConclusionsMiR-423-5p knockdown in ADSCs ameliorated high glucose-mediated damage to HUVECs and improved erectile function in DM rats by inducing eNOS and VEGFa overexpression, indicating that miR-423-5p may be a potential target in the treatment of DM erectile dysfunction (DMED).
A Predictive Model of EGFR Mutation Status in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on PET/CT Metabolic Indexes and Clinicopathological Variables
Authors: Yang Yanlong , Shi Shuchen , Huang Qianzhun , Zhong Wenzhao , Lin Juntao , Huang Weichao , Li Zizhe , Lan Bin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to create a mathematical model based on the metabolic parameters of PET/CT with clinicopathological characteristics to predict the EGFR mutation status of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsThis study retrospectively enrolled patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment at two centres in China between January 2012 and December 2015. PET/CT metabolic parameters and Classical EGFR mutation status detection by molecular pathology were performed before and after surgery, and we analysed the associations of EGFR mutation status with patient sex, age, smoking history, maximum primary lesion diameter, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), TNM stage and histopathological subtype of lung adenocarcinoma.ResultsA total of 310 patients were included, comprising 161 with EGFR mutations (51.9%) and 149 with wild-type EGFR (48.1%). EGFR mutations were more common in females, non-smokers, and those with stage IV disease, a low SUVmax, and ≤35 mm nodules, whereas wild-type EGFR was more common in males, smokers, and those with a solid growth pattern. Multivariate analysis suggested that liver SUVratio, smoking history, tumour size, TNM stage, and solid growth pattern can predict EGFR mutation status, and these factors were used to construct a mathematical model.Conclusion﻿The prediction model constructed in this study based on clinicopathological characteristics and PET/CT parameters might offer a basis by which to predict Classical EGFR status and provide a certain reference value for guiding the use of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Expression Profiles of VEGF-A, CD31 and GRP78 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Authors: Alkeilani Maha , Alqudah Mohammad A. , Almomani Basima A. , Alrjoub Moath M. , Alzoubi Hiba W. , Shhabat Batool A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAngiogenesis is mandatory for tumor growth and progression. The modest response to the anti-angiogenic therapies in non-small cell lung cancer reflects the presence of confounding molecular factors. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression levels of VEGF-A, CD31 and GRP78 and test for significant correlations between them.MethodsParaffin-embedded NSCLC tissue samples (71 adenocarcinoma and 23 squamous cell carcinoma) were retrospectively collected from 94 patients who underwent surgical resection between 2008 and 2015; and did not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy prior to surgery. The expressions of VEGF-A, CD31 and GRP78 were determined by immunohistochemistry. ResultsHigh expression levels of VEGF-A, CD31 and GRP78 were observed in 15, 36 and 74 cases, respectively. Adenocarcinomas expressed higher levels of the aforementioned proteins as compared with squamous cell carcinomas (p-value < 0.05). Moreover, a statistically significant association was found between VEGF-A and CD31 expression levels (p-value = 0.006).ConclusionsOur study was the first to investigate the associations between GRP78 and the angiogenesis markers CD31 and VEGF-A in NSCLC patients. High GRP78 expression was revealed in the majority of the investigated samples. Nevertheless, no relationship was found between GRP78 and VEGF-A or CD31 which could be attributed to small sample size. On the other hand, the positive association between VEGF-A and CD31 expression levels suggests that VEGF-A may cooperate with CD31 to promote angiogenesis in NSCLC.