bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice patterns, techniques, and outcomes of flexible endoscopic myotomy for Zenker’s diverticulum: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Mittal Chetan , Diehl David L. , Draganov Peter V. , Jamil Laith H. , Khalid Ammara , Khara Harshit S. , Khullar Vikas , Law Ryan , Lo Simon K. , Mathew Abraham , Mirakhor Ebrahim , Sedarat Alireza , Sharma Neil , Sharzehi Setareh , Tavakkoli Anna , Thaker Adarsh , Thosani Nirav , Yang Dennis , Zelt Christina , Wagh Mihir S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Flexible endoscopic myotomy has been increasingly performed for Zenker’s diverticulum using various endoscopic techniques and devices. The main aims of this study were to assess practice patterns and compare outcomes of endoscopic myotomy for Zenker’s diverticulum.
Methods Procedures performed at 12 tertiary endoscopy centers from 1/2012 to 12/2018 were reviewed. Patients (≥ 18 years) with Zenker’s diverticulum who had dysphagia and/or regurgitation and underwent endoscopic myotomy were included. Outcomes assessed included technical success, clinical success, and adverse events.
Results 161 patients were included. Traditional endoscopic septotomy was performed most frequently (137/161, 85.1 %) followed by submucosal dissection of the septum and myotomy (24/161, 14.9 %). The hook knife (43/161, 26.7 %) and needle-knife (33/161, 20.5 %) were used most frequently. Overall, technical and clinical success rates were 98.1 % (158/161) and 78.1 % (96/123), respectively. Adverse events were noted in 13 patients (8.1 %). There was no significant difference in technical and clinical success between traditional septotomy and submucosal dissection groups (97.1 % vs. 95.8 %, P = 0.56 and 75.2 % vs. 90.9 %, P  = 0.16, respectively). Clinical success was higher with the hook knife (96.7 %) compared with the needle-knife (76.6 %) and insulated tip knife (47.1 %). Outcomes were similar between centers performing > 20, 11 – 20, and ≤ 10 procedures.
Conclusions Flexible endoscopic myotomy is an effective therapy for Zenker’s diverticulum, with a low rate of adverse events. There was no significant difference in outcomes between traditional septotomy and a submucosal dissection approach, or with centers with higher volume, though clinical success was higher with the hook knife.
Four profiles of inequality and tax redistribution in Europe
Authors: Cantante Frederico 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe rise of economic inequality in the past few decades is one of the most relevant phenomena in western countries recent history. Market income distribution pushed inequality up and challenged welfare state capacity to deal with economic gaps. Market inequality or gross income inequality are considerably higher than disposable income inequality. This has to do with redistributive state policies. This paper analyses gross income inequality in the EU countries and measure the impact of personal taxes on income distribution. Several measures of redistributive tax impact on income inequality will be explored. Having in consideration both the level of gross income inequality and the impact of personal taxes on top shares, a typology of income distribution and redistribution in Europe will be drawn.
Multiple metastable network states in urban traffic
Authors: Zeng Guanwen , Gao Jianxi , Shekhtman Louis , Guo Shengmin , Lv Weifeng , Wu Jianjun , Liu Hao , Levy Orr , Li Daqing , Gao Ziyou , Stanley H. Eugene , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Different traffic states experienced by commuters may be due to localized random jams or overall network states, which is decided by system response to perturbations. While for natural systems, the existence of multiple states is common, the evidence for multiple states in transportation has so far been unclear, which hinders our ability to predict and prevent the spread of traffic jams. Based on percolation theory and high-resolution GPS datasets, we find strong evidence for the existence of multiple metastable network states corresponding to distinct system performance regimes. Our results may provide deep insight for a city traffic manager seeking to design early warning signals to prevent the system from shifting to a state of severe congestion.
Sea-level rise and the emergence of a keystone grazer alter the geomorphic evolution and ecology of southeast US salt marshes
Authors: Crotty Sinéad M. , Ortals Collin , Pettengill Thomas M. , Shi Luming , Olabarrieta Maitane , Joyce Matthew A. , Altieri Andrew H. , Morrison Elise , Bianchi Thomas S. , Craft Christopher , Bertness Mark D. , Angelini Christine 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceHuman disturbances, climate change, and their combined effects on species distributions and environmental conditions are increasingly modifying the organization of our world’s oceans, forests, grasslands, wetlands, tundras, and reefs. Here, we reveal that these contemporary conditions can trigger the emergence of novel keystone species. Across the southeastern US coastal plain, sea-level rise is outpacing salt marsh vertical accretion, causing these grasslands to be tidally inundated for longer and softening marsh substrates to levels optimal for crab burrowing. Using field experiments, measurements, surveys, and models, we show that these conditions amplify the burrowing and grazing effects of a previously inconspicuous crab, enabling it to redefine predator–prey interactions, eco-geomorphic feedbacks, and the mechanisms by which salt marshes are responding to climate change.
Ancestors of domestic cats in Neolithic Central Europe: Isotopic evidence of a synanthropic diet
Authors: Krajcarz Magdalena , Krajcarz Maciej T. , Baca Mateusz , Baumann Chris , Van Neer Wim , Popović Danijela , Sudoł-Procyk Magdalena , Wach Bartosz , Wilczyński Jarosław , Wojenka Michał , Bocherens Hervé 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Most of today’s domesticates began as farm animals, but cat domestication took a different path. Cats became commensal of humans somewhere in the Fertile Crescent, attracted to early farmers’ settlements by rodent pests. Cat remains from Poland dated to 4,200 to 2,300 y BCE are currently the earliest evidence for the migration of the Near Eastern wildcat to Central Europe. Tracking the possible synanthropic origin of that migration, we used stable isotopes to investigate the paleodiet. We found that the ecological balance was already changed due to the expansion of Neolithic farmlands. We conclude that among the Late Neolithic Near Eastern wildcats from Poland were free-living individuals, who preyed on rodent pests and shared ecological niches with native European wildcats.
Fast spiking interneuron activity in primate striatum tracks learning of attention cues
Authors: Banaie Boroujeni Kianoush , Oemisch Mariann , Hassani Seyed Alireza , Womelsdorf Thilo 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Cognitive flexibility entails the ability to disengage attention from stimuli when they fail to predict positive outcomes, and to engage attention to newly rewarding stimuli. This reconfiguration of attention is likely supported by neural circuits that assign values to visual features. We report that activity of two separable groups of fast spiking striatal interneurons are likely part of that neural circuit. We electrophysiologically identified distinct cell populations in the primate striatum and found that fast spiking interneurons changed their firing specifically at the onset of an attention cue during learning. These findings provide evidence for a role of fast spiking striatal neurons to mediate the flexible reconfiguration of attentional priorities during learning.
The pseudo-caspase FLIP(L) regulates cell fate following p53 activation
Authors: Lees Andrea , McIntyre Alexander J. , Crawford Nyree T. , Falcone Fiammetta , McCann Christopher , Holohan Caitriona , Quinn Gerard P. , Roberts Jamie Z. , Sessler Tamas , Gallagher Peter F. , Gregg Gemma M. A. , McAllister Katherine , McLaughlin Kirsty M. , Allen Wendy L. , Egan Laurence J. , Ryan Aideen E. , Labonte-Wilson Melissa J. , Dunne Philip D. , Wappett Mark , Coyle Vicky M. , Johnston Patrick G. , Kerr Emma M. , Longley Daniel B. , McDade Simon S. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
p53 is the most frequently mutated, well-studied tumor-suppressor gene, yet the switch from p53-induced cell-cycle arrest to apoptosis remains poorly understood. We unexpectedly identify a critical role for the only human pseudo-caspase FLIP(L) in regulating this switch. Genetically or pharmacologically inhibiting expression of FLIP(L), which we identify as a new p53 transcriptional target, promoted apoptosis over cell-cycle arrest in response to p53 activation. Mechanistically, FLIP(L) inhibited p53-induced apoptosis by blocking ligand-independent activation of caspase-8 by the TRAIL-R2/DR5 death receptor. Notably, FLIP(L) also modulated transcription of canonical p53 target genes: increasing expression of cell-cycle regulator p21 and suppressing upregulation of apoptosis-inducing PUMA. Thus, we report unexpected, therapeutically exploitable roles for FLIP(L) in regulating the switch from p53-induced cell-cycle arrest to apoptosis.
Exploiting evolutionary trade-offs for posttreatment management of drug-resistant populations
Authors: Melnikov Sergey V. , Stevens David L. , Fu Xian , Kwok Hui Si , Zhang Jin-Tao , Shen Yue , Sabina Jeffery , Lee Kevin , Lee Harry , Söll Dieter 
Published: July 2020

Significance
The therapeutic use of drugs against microbial pathogens and cancer is currently undergoing a paradigm shift from traditional therapies toward adaptive therapies, which attempt to minimize the risk of the evolution of drug resistance. Adaptive therapies treat pathogens with short bouts of drug application followed by periods without treatment to allow resistant cells to be naturally outcompeted by susceptible cells. However, the fitness cost of drug resistance is frequently too small for resistant cells to be rapidly outcompeted by susceptible cells, compromising the effectiveness and the future of adaptive therapies. In this study, we show that this problem can be potentially solved by amplifying the fitness cost of drug resistance to encourage the natural competition between resistant and susceptible cells.
Peatland warming strongly increases fine-root growth
Authors: Malhotra Avni , Brice Deanne J. , Childs Joanne , Graham Jake D. , Hobbie Erik A. , Vander Stel Holly , Feron Sarah C. , Hanson Paul J. , Iversen Colleen M. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Peatlands store up to two-thirds of the world’s soil carbon, but this carbon may be released under warmer conditions, creating an important climate feedback. The belowground warming response of peatlands is particularly uncertain even though factors such as plant root growth regulate ecosystem water, carbon, and nutrient cycles. We studied how peatland fine roots respond to warming in a whole-ecosystem experiment. Fine-root growth increased dramatically, +130% for a degree of warming, primarily driven by soil drying. This warming response is 20 times stronger than in other ecosystem experiments, highlighting peatland vulnerability to warming. Our study elucidates large and rapid belowground changes that will affect peatlands of a warmer world and their ability to store carbon into the future.
Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase is required for atrial secretory granule formation
Authors: Bäck Nils , Luxmi Raj , Powers Kathryn G. , Mains Richard E. , Eipper Betty A. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Transmission electron microscopy of atrial cardiomyocytes revealed dense granules resembling those in endocrine cells and neurons, leading to the discovery of the natriuretic peptides stored in these granules. Subsequent studies revealed features unique to atrial granules, including high-level expression of peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), an enzyme required for the synthesis of many neuropeptides, but not for the synthesis of natriuretic peptides. The discovery that atrial myocytes lacking PAM are unable to produce granules and that PAM lacking its monooxygenase activity can rescue granule formation provides new information about the proANP secretory pathway. A better understanding of the unique features of atrial cell biology should provide insight into atrial fibrillation, the most common cardiac arrhythmia, atrial amyloidosis, and heart failure.
In vivo anticancer activity of a rhodium metalloinsertor in the HCT116 xenograft tumor model
Authors: Threatt Stephanie D. , Synold Timothy W. , Wu Jun , Barton Jacqueline K. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
This study describes our first evaluation in mice of the rhodium complex Rh-PPO, which selectively targets DNA base-pair mismatches and shows cytotoxicity within mismatch repair-deficient cancer cells. Rh-PPO displays notable in vivo anticancer activity and increases mouse survival when administered intraperitoneally. This work marks the development of a promising metal chemotherapeutic and a new strategy for mismatch-repair-deficient cancers.
The unusual
dRemp
retrotransposon is abundant, highly mutagenic, and mobilized only in the second pollen mitosis of some maize lines
Authors: Wang Qinghua , Huang Jun , Li Yubin , Dooner Hugo K. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
The frequent spontaneous mutations recovered recently in the pollen of some maize inbred lines arise mainly from the meiotic movement of retrotransposons present in few copies in the genome. This article reports that mutations in inbred line M14, identified earlier by breeders as being highly unstable, arise exclusively from the movement at the second pollen mitosis of a short retrotransposon that is present in hundreds of copies. Thus, this finding is unique because of the multicopy nature of the mutagenic retrotransposon and the specific developmental window in which it moves. It may also shed light on the possible basis for inbred genetic instability in maize.
The control and censorship of linguistic resources in an online Community of Practice
Authors: Donlan Lisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research utilises a corpus of one million posts retrieved from Popheads, an online Reddit-based Community of Practice (CoP), to analyse the power dynamics associated with language censorship in online CoPs. In 2018, the moderators of the community banned the community-salient word wig (‘surprised’ or ‘impressed’). Ostensibly, this was a top-down performance of linguistic control where the officially-appointed moderators put a stop to the diffusion of a seemingly beloved part of the community’s shared linguistic repertoire. However, through a mixed-methods analysis of the events surrounding the banning of wig, this research shows that moderators have not unilaterally enforced linguistic censorship. Instead, moderators have seemingly responded to a call, led primarily by members with markers of unofficial power, to restrict usage.
Talking about women
Authors: Dayter Daria , Rüdiger Sofia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this chapter, we examine how pick-up artists (PUAs; a male community preoccupied with interacting with women) talk about women in their online discourse. To this end, we take and test three approaches: (1) introspection and elicitation, (2) manual tagging of a small specialized corpus, and (3) automatic semantic tagging and reverse collocation of a large corpus of PUA computer-mediated communication. Instead of misogynistic derogatory references to women, which are only used infrequently, we find that PUAs rely on common references (often condescending or objectifying) and on PUA-specific vocabulary. In terms of method, manual tagging turned out most comprehensive, but automatic semantic tagging allowed for the processing of a far bigger dataset with minimal loss of total types retrieved.
Patterns of intra-individual variation in a Swiss WhatsApp corpus
Authors: Felder Samuel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Analysing written data from a large WhatsApp corpus, which was collected in Switzerland in 2014, this study examines how individuals may change their linguistic behaviour over time and how such changes are connected to the language use of the interlocutor. Therefore, this is one of the very first studies analysing intra-individual real-time change and long-term accommodation processes in written digital data. Focussing on WhatsApp chats that are primarily written in Swiss German, evidence for the possibility of rapid changes within the language use of individuals on several linguistic levels is presented: dialectal variation, phoneme-grapheme correspondence, punctuation, lexis, and use of emojis/emoticons. Furthermore, based on multiple examples from the corpus, several different types of long-term accommodation processes in two-person chats are distinguished.
Kinetic analysis of inhibition of α-glucosidase by leaf powder from Morus australis and its component iminosugars
Authors: Qiao Ying , Nakayama Juri , Ikeuchi Takeaki , Ito Masaaki , Kimura Toshiyuki , Kojima Kenji , Takita Teisuke , Yasukawa Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Mulberry leaves contain iminosugars, such as 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), fagomine, and 2-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl deoxynojirimycin (GAL-DNJ) that inhibit α-glucosidase. In this study, we quantified iminosugars in Morus australis leaves and made the kinetic analysis in the hydrolysis of maltose by α-glucosidase. By LC-MS/MS, the concentrations of 1-DNJ, fagomine, and GAL-DNJ in the powdered leaves were 4.0, 0.46, and 2.5 mg/g, respectively, and those in the roasted ones were 1.0, 0.24, and 0.73 mg/g, respectively, suggesting that the roasting process degraded iminosugars. Steady-state kinetic analysis revealed that the powdered and roasted leaves exhibited competitive inhibition. At pH 6.0 at 37ºC, the IC50 values of the extracts from the boiled powdered or roasted leaves were 0.36 and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. At the same condition, the IC50 values of 1-DNJ, fagomine, and GAL-DNJ were 0.70 μg/mL, 0.18 mg/mL, and 2.9 mg/mL, respectively. These results suggested that in M. australis, 1-DNJ is a major inhibitor of α-glucosidase.

Abbreviations
1-DNJ: 1-deoxynojirimycin; GAL-DNJ: 2-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-DNJ
Different levels of physical activity and depression symptoms among older adults from 18 countries: A population‐based study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Marques Adilson , Gaspar de Matos Margarida , Bordado Joana , Gouveia Élvio R. , Peralta Miguel , Gomez‐Baya Diego 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective: Analyse the relationship between different levels of physical activity (PA) and depression symptoms in a representative sample of European older adults. Methods: Data on PA, depression symptoms and sociodemographic variables from 64688 (28015 men) older adults participating in SHARE wave 6 was collected through a face‐to‐face interview. The EURO‐D 12‐item scale was administered for depression symptoms. Participants reported the frequency they engaged in moderate‐intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous‐intensity PA (VPA). Results: Men and women engaging in MPA and VPA once or more than once a week had less depression symptoms than those who engage less than once a week. MPA and VPA once or more than once a week were inversely associated with the depression symptoms score. Furthermore, engaging in MPA and VPA decreased the odds of depression (cut‐off point of ≥4 depression symptoms) compared to engaging in PA less than once a week. Conclusions: Policies for promoting mental health should include PA for the prevention or treatment of depression symptoms. PA presents physical and psychological benefits and can be used as an overall health‐promoting strategy, facing numerous problems at a time.
Geometry of the phase retrieval problem
Authors: Barnett Alexander H , Epstein Charles L , Greengard Leslie F , Magland Jeremy F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the most powerful approaches to imaging at the nanometer length scale is coherent diffraction imaging using x-ray sources. For amorphous (non-crystalline) samples, raw data collected in the far-field can be interpreted as the modulus of the two-dimensional continuous Fourier transform of the unknown object. The goal is then to recover the phase through computational means by exploiting prior information about the sample (such as its support), after which the unknown object can be visualized at high resolution. While many algorithms have been proposed for this phase retrieval problem, careful analysis of its well-posedness has received relatively little attention. In this paper, we show that the problem is, in general, not well-posed and describe some of the underlying issues that are responsible for the ill-posedness. We then show how this analysis can be used to develop experimental protocols that lead to better conditioned inverse problems.
A projective averaged Kaczmarz iteration for nonlinear ill-posed problems
Authors: Tong Shanshan , Han Bo , Tang Jinping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The averaged Kaczmarz iteration is a hybrid of the Landweber method and Kaczmarz method with easy implementation and increased stability for solving problems with multi nonlinear equations. In this paper, we propose an accelerated averaged Kaczmarz type iterative method by introducing the search direction of homotopy perturbation Kaczmarz and a projective strategy. The new iterate is updated by using an average over the intermediate variables. These variables are obtained by the metric projection of previous iterates onto the stripes which are related to the property of forward operator and noise level. We present the convergence analysis of the proposed method under the similar assumptions of Landweber Kaczmarz method. The numerical experiments on parameter identification problem validate that the proposed method has evident acceleration effect and reconstruction stability.
Pose measurement approach based on two-stage binocular vision for docking large components
Authors: Chen Yuanze , Zhou Fuqiang , Zhou Mingxuan , Zhang Wanning , Li Xiaosong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Large components docking is an important step in industrial manufacturing. During the docking process, the relative pose of joining components needs real-time and accurate acquisition. Existing methods rely on expensive and complex optical instruments. Photogrammetry has the advantages of low cost and fast measurement speed, but its measurement accuracy decreases sharply along with the increase of the measurement range. This paper proposes a two-stage binocular vision which consists of two sets of binocular vision systems with different accuracy levels in the same coordinate system. Binocular system with corresponding structural parameters is designed for pose measurement at corresponding stages to solve the contradiction between the range and accuracy in measurement. A triangulation and spatial plane fitting method is proposed to calculate relative poses without introducing coordinate transformation errors. We adopt a novel 3D optimization method to further improve the accuracy. Experiment results show that this method can meet the measurement range and accuracy requirements for large components docking. Compared with traditional combined vision measurement station based on multi-vision sensor, the proposed method reduces coordinate transformation errors and overcomes the contradiction between the measurement range and accuracy, which can improve the accuracy and meet the requirements of engineering application.