bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing three approaches for involving patients in research prioritization: a qualitative study of participant experiences
Authors: Lavallee Danielle C. , Lawrence Sarah O. , Avins Andrew L. , Nerenz David R. , Edwards Todd C. , Patrick Donald L. , Bauer Zoya , Truitt Anjali R. , Monsell Sarah E. , Scott Mary R. , Jarvik Jeffrey G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundBy participating in priority-setting activities in research, patients and members of the public help ensure that important questions are incorporated into future research agendas. Surveys, focus groups, and online crowdsourcing are increasingly used to obtain input, yet little is known about how they compare for prioritizing research topics. To address this gap, the Study of Methods for Assessing Research Topic Elicitation and pRioritization (SMARTER) evaluated participant satisfaction with the engagement experience across three prioritization activities.MethodsRespondents from Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD), a registry of patients 65 years and older with low back pain (LBP), were randomly assigned to one of three interactive prioritization activities: online crowd-voting, in-person focus groups using nominal group technique, and two rounds of a mailed survey (Delphi). To assess quality of experience, participants completed a brief survey; a subset were subsequently interviewed. We used descriptive statistics to characterize participants, and we analyzed responses to the evaluation using a mixed-methods approach, tabulating responses to Likert-scale questions and using thematic analysis of interviews to explore participant understanding of the activity and perceptions of experience.ResultsThe crowd-voting activity had 38 participants, focus groups 39, and the Delphi survey 74. Women outnumbered men in the focus groups and Delphi survey; otherwise, demographics among groups were similar, with participants being predominantly white, non-Hispanic, and college educated. Activities generated similar lists of research priorities, including causes of LBP, improving physician-patient communication, and self-care strategies. The evaluation survey was completed by 123 participants. Of these, 31 across all activities were interviewed about motivations to participate, understanding of activity goals, logistics, clarity of instructions, and the role of patients in research. Focus group participants rated their experience highest, in both the evaluation and interviews.ConclusionCommon methods for research prioritization yielded similar priorities but differing perceptions of experience. Such comparative studies are rare but important in understanding methods to involve patients and the public in research. Preferences for different methods may vary across stakeholder groups; this warrants future study.Trial registrationNICHSR,HSRP20152274. Registered 19 February 2015.
Understanding Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptors-regulated cellular and molecular Mechanisms of Chronic Kidney Diseases
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Krishan Pawan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractChronic kidney diseases (CKD) are an economic burden and occur worldwide in all age groups, and the advancement of kidney disease at some point leads to deregulate or influence the function of other body organs and to find a specific target to halt the disease progression which is a tedious challenge. Regardless of the underlying mechanisms, it is essential to consider and evaluate the involvement and association of individual endogenous mediators and environmental factors in the progression of CKD to accumulate the required knowledge. More than a dozen pathways leading to relentless progression of CKD have been identified so far, but the association of serotonin 5-HT2Areceptor with progressive renal injury is still under process.Scientific reports demonstrated that the 5-HT2Areceptor plays a significant role in renal metabolism, glomerular function, and renal vascular tone. So a better understanding of the evolving role of serotonin 5-HT2A-mediated pathophysiological mechanisms of CKD may be a helpful tool to identify new therapeutic targets. In this review, we will discuss recent interventions, pharmacological target, and the possible implication of serotonin 5-HT2Areceptors with associated mechanistic trails leading to CKD.
Molecular characterization and virulence of fungal isolates against the bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Yang Bo , Du Cailian , Ali Shaukat , Wu Jianhui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major pest of leguminous crops grown in Southern China. This study reports the isolation, identification (through molecular characterization) and pathogenic potential of 6 fungal isolates belonging to different fungal species. The fungi were isolated from soil samples collected from different areas of Southern China and were identified as Beauveria bassiana (3 isolates; SB010, SB009, SP016), Cordyceps fumosorosea (one isolate; SP535), Akanthomyces attenuatus (one isolate; SCAUDCL-53), and Aspergillus nomius (one isolate; SCAUN-1). Conidial suspension (1 × 108 conidia ml−1), and the crude extract (0.4 mg ml−1) of all the 6 fungal isolates were tested for their pathogenicity against M. usitatus adults. The results showed that A. attenuatus (SCAUDCL-53) and B. bassiana (SB010) were the most effective fungal isolates against M. usitatus out of all the isolates used in this study. At 5 days post-inoculation, conidial suspension of A. attenuatus (SCAUDCL-53) and B. bassiana (isolate SB010) caused 100 and 90% mortality rates, respectively. The median lethal time (LT50) values of fungal isolates SCAUDCL-53, SB010, SB009, SP016, SP535, and SCAUN-1against M. usitatus adults were 1.36, 3.79, 6.51, 8.49, 17.36, and 5.01 days, respectively. The application of crude fungal extracts of SCAUDCL-53, SB010, SB009, SP016, SP535, and SCAUN-1 against the pest resulted in 85, 93.3, 56.7, 33.3, 41.7, and 53.75% mortality rates, respectively after 5 days of application. Respective LT50 values of the crude fungal extracts against M. usitatus were 3.37, 2.85, 4.87, 7.13, 6.43, and 4.64 days. The fungal isolates used in this study showed considerable bioactivity against the M. usitatus and can be used as potential natural pest control agent for the ecofriendly management of M. usitatus.
Elucidation of the levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium in the serum of Egyptian migraine patients: a case-control study
Authors: Elsayed Dorreya A. , Amin Karam S. , Elsayed Ibrahim A. , Hashim Noha A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMigraine, although, is a prevalent disease; its pathogenesis is complex and still not fully elucidated. The effect of vitamin D on various neurological disorders is thought to be exerted either directly via its specific receptors or through the related minerals. We investigated the possible relationship between vitamin D level and its related minerals (calcium and magnesium) and migraine characteristics in patients.Subjects and methodsThirty healthy individuals and 60 age- and sex-matched migraineurs (22 chronic and 38 episodic migraineurs), diagnosed according to the International Headache Society criteria (ICHD-III), were recruited. After obtaining basic data, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for the severity of migraine pain was assessed. Migraine severity questionnaire (MIGSEV) and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire were given and illustrated to the participants. Blood samples were obtained, and serum concentrations of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium were determined.ResultsMigraine patients had significantly lower level of serum vitamin D and magnesium than healthy subjects with (P< 0.001 andP= 0.04), respectively. However, the difference between the serum calcium levels of the patient and the control group was not statistically significant. Moreover, vitamin D and magnesium had a significant negative correlation with frequency, duration, severity, and disability in migraine.ConclusionVitamin D and magnesium were significantly deficient in migraine patients and were related to the severity and disability of migraine attacks. Low vitamin D and magnesium levels were associated with more frequency and longer duration of migraine attacks.
Malnutrition inflammation index in chronic haemodialysis patients with or without hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Ramadan Fardous Abdel Fattah , Ahmed Nancy Abdel Fattah , Aref Salah Elshahat , El Husseini Mona Abdel Ghani 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Both chronic hepatitis C and chronic kidney disease are common and serious diseases; this work aimed to determine the clinical impact of HCV infection on malnutrition inflammation index score in chronic kidney disease patients.
This study was conducted on 96 patients on haemodialysis. They were divided into two groups. The first group was composed of 46 patients who were on maintenance haemodialysis and had chronic hepatitis C. The second group was composed of 50 patients on haemodialysis who were negative for hepatitis C.

Results
HCV-infected patients were associated with higher malnutrition inflammation score values (10% had MIS 16–20) compared to non-infected patients (2% only had MIS 16–20).

Conclusion
The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in the HCV-positive than the HCV-negative group.
Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry of Linear Diphenylenes Encapsulated in Crystalline Sponge
Authors: Ohara Kazuaki , Hayashi Yukako , Yamaguchi Kentaro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Three linear diphenylene compounds having one, two, and three double bonds, respectively, were encapsulated in a nano-porous coordination complex called “crystalline sponge” (CS). The presence of these diphenylene compounds in CS was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis and NMR spectroscopy. In CS, CH-π and π-π interactions between the pyridyl group of the triazine ligand in the CS framework and the phenyl group of the diphenylene compounds were determined on the basis of the geometrical orientation in the nanopore. After the single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, the same single crystal was subjected to imaging mass spectrometry (IMS). Molecular ion peaks were almost equally detected in all regions of the target plate where the CSs were present and the search for hotspots was no longer necessary. At the same time, ion peaks derived from the triazine ligand and its metal complex, which are components of the CS framework, were clearly observed. CSs have been shown to be effective matrixes for laser desorption ionization of trace linear conjugate compounds.
Dose compensation based on biological effectiveness due to interruption time for photon radiation therapy
Authors: Kawahara Daisuke , Nakano Hisashi , Saito Akito , Ozawa Shuichi , Nagata Yasushi 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the biological effectiveness of dose associated with interruption time; and propose the dose compensation method based on biological effectiveness when an interruption occurs during photon radiation therapy.

Methods:
The lineal energy distribution for human salivary gland tumor was calculated by Monte Carlo simulation using a photon beam. The biological dose (Dbio) was estimated using the microdosimetric kinetic model. The dose compensating factor with the physical dose for the difference of the Dbio with and without interruption (Δ) was derived. The interruption time (τ) was varied to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, and 120 min. The dose per fraction and dose rate varied from 2 to 8 Gy and 0.1 to 24 Gy/min, respectively.

Results:
The maximum Δ with 1 Gy/min occurred when the interruption occurred at half the dose. The Δ with 1 Gy/min at half of the dose was over 3% for τ &gt;= 20 min for 2 Gy, τ = 10 min for 5 Gy, and τ = 10 min for 8 Gy. The maximum difference of the Δ due to the dose rate was within 3% for 2 and 5 Gy, and achieving values of 4.0% for 8 Gy. The dose compensating factor was larger with a high dose per fraction and high-dose rate beams.

Conclusion:
A loss of biological effectiveness occurs due to interruption. Our proposal method could correct for the unexpected decrease of the biological effectiveness caused by interruption time.

Advances in knowledge:
For photon radiotherapy, the interruption causes the sublethal damage repair. The current study proposed the dose compensation method for the decrease of the biological effect by the interruption.
Otoscopy and imaging features of spontaneous temporomandibular joint herniation into the external auditory canal
Authors: Liu Jun-Hua , Huang Wen-Hu , Xu Jiang Hong , Liu Yin , Sha Yan 
Published: May 2020

Objective: To explore the otoscopy, CT and MRI features of spontaneous temporomandibular joint(TMJ）herniation(STMJH) into the external auditory canal (EAC) through the persistent foramen of Huschke (PFH). Methods: 15 cases diagnosed STMJH were collected. The otoscopy, CT data of 15 cases and MRI data of 6 cases were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Otoscopy revealed a mass located in the anterior wall of the bony EAC that moved forwards and backwards during mouth opening and closing, respectively. CT showed a soft mass with bony defect in the anterior wall of the EAC, with no enhancement; the bony defect margin was well defined in all cases. The bone adjacent to the PFH was pressed and partially wrapped around the soft mass, as if “holding a ball,” in seven cases. Pseudobone shell around the soft mass was observed in eight cases. Six cases included MRI scans, which showed TMJ soft tissue herniated into the EAC. Conclusion: STMJHs have unique otoscopic, CT and MRI features. The examination strategy recommended is dynamic otoscopy and conventional CT, MRI can be chosen when the herniation is complicated by infection or otitis externa or when the patient has TMJ dysfunction; conservative management and follow-up observations are the main treatment strategy recommended. Advances in knowledge: Mechanical stress of TMJ on the EAC is thought to cause herniation and the special CT features, the location and size of the PFH, especially the location, are the major risk factors for TMJ herniation in patients with FH.
What settings have been linked to SARS-CoV-2 transmission clusters?
Authors: Leclerc Quentin J. , Fuller Naomi M. , Knight Lisa E. ,   CMMID COVID-19 Working Group, Funk Sebastian , Knight Gwenan M. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Concern about the health impact of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in widespread enforced reductions in people’s movement (“lockdowns”). However, there are increasing concerns about the severe economic and wider societal consequences of these measures. Some countries have begun to lift some of the rules on physical distancing in a stepwise manner, with differences in what these “exit strategies” entail and their timeframes. The aim of this work was to inform such exit strategies by exploring the types of indoor and outdoor settings where transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to occur and result in clusters of cases. Identifying potential settings that result in transmission clusters allows these to be kept under close surveillance and/or to remain closed as part of strategies that aim to avoid a resurgence in transmission following the lifting of lockdown measures. Methods: We performed a systematic review of available literature and media reports to find settings reported in peer reviewed articles and media with these characteristics. These sources are curated and made available in an editable online database. Results: We found many examples of SARS-CoV-2 clusters linked to a wide range of mostly indoor settings. Few reports came from schools, many from households, and an increasing number were reported in hospitals and elderly care settings across Europe. Conclusions: We identified possible places that are linked to clusters of COVID-19 cases and could be closely monitored and/or remain closed in the first instance following the progressive removal of lockdown restrictions. However, in part due to the limits in surveillance capacities in many settings, the gathering of information such as cluster sizes and attack rates is limited in several ways: inherent recall bias, biased media reporting and missing data.
Um Estudo Sociofuncional sobre a Variação/Estratificação entre Você e Cê em uma Comunidade do Sertão da Ressaca: O Teste de Avaliação em Foco
Authors: Rocha Warley José Campos , Sousa Valéria Viana 
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, temos como principal objetivo apresentar os resultados e discussões decorrentes de um teste de avaliação, o qual compôs uma parte do estudo que buscou descrever a variação/estratificação entre os pronomes você e cê, em posição pré-verbal, na função de sujeito de orações finitas, presente na comunidade de fala de Vitória da Conquista – BA (ROCHA, 2017). Quanto ao aporte teórico-metodológico, baseamo-nos no Sociofuncionalismo (LABOV, 2008 [1972]; HOPPER, 1991; TAVARES, 2003), o que permitiu discutir os dados e apresentar as conclusões alcançadas no estudo empreendido a partir da aplicação do referido teste, uma vez que, ao final das análises dos grupos de fatores linguísticos e sociais, foram observados indícios de estigma no que diz respeito ao uso da variante cê. Diante disso, perguntamo-nos se o uso preferencial pela forma conservadora, você, seria motivado pelos valores sociais das variantes e, assim, aplicamos um teste de atitude com dezessete informantes escolarizados da comunidade de fala em foco. Feito isso, foi possível comprovar que não há a presença de estereótipos referentes ao uso do cê no vernáculo conquistense. Palavras-chave: Alternância pronominal. Teste de avaliação. Sociofuncionalismo. Estigmatização.
Abreviaturas de patentes na Terminologia Militar Oitocentista da Polícia Militar da Bahia
Authors: Santos Luiz Djavan Silva , Marengo Sandro Marcío Drumond Alves 
Published: May 2020

Os documentos configuram-se como fontes históricas, na medida em que nos transmitem informações pretéritas, possibilitando-nos acesso à informação de ordens diversas, na dada diacronia estudada, o período da libertação dos escravos e os primeiros dias da República. Este é o caso do Livro do Registro do Detalhe (DET) da Polícia Militar da Bahia, constando as ordens do dia e a rotina do quartel da Mouraria à sua época de escrita. Objetivamos apresentar um fragmento de edição fac-símile e diplomática do DET 68 e, em seguida, descrever as abreviaturas de patentes que aparecem no documento em tela. Ao final, foram totalizadas 64 abreviaturas, dispostas em tabela geral com as suas variantes e o número de ocorrências, comparando as frequências segundo as classificações. Nossa base para estudos das abreviaturas foi centrada nos postulados de Spina (1994), Flexor (2008) e Berwanger e Leal (2008). Este estudo tem sua relevância primária por poder salvaguardar para a posteridade as ordens do dia, exibindo um contexto de usos linguísticos do século XIX. Em segundo lugar, aponta para um campo ainda pouco sistematizado que é o estudo das abreviaturas militares e sua significação social nos processos de produção da escrita oitocentista.
Using Progressive Time Delay to Increase Levels of Peer Imitation During Play With Preschoolers With Disabilities
Authors: Francis Rachel , Winchester Claire , Barton Erin E. , Ledford Jennifer R. , Velez Marina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Research suggests peer imitation can be taught using systematic procedures and can be embedded into ongoing play contexts with preschool-age children. However, additional research is needed to test procedures that may increase levels of peer imitation with toddlers with disabilities and in generalized contexts. We used a multiple probe across participants research design to evaluate the effectiveness of progressive time delay (PTD) to teach peer imitation to preschoolers with disabilities during a play activity with a peer. We also examined the efficacy of PTD in a generalized context (i.e., new peers, implementer, and materials). Visual analysis indicated a functional relation between PTD and unprompted peer imitation; however, generalization was variable across participants. Our results support previous research indicating PTD is effective in teaching children with disabilities to imitate their peers.
Examining the Impact of the SDLMI and Whose Future Is It? Over a Two-Year Period With Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Hicks Tyler A. , Burke Kathryn M. , Antosh Anthony , LaPlante Terri , Anderson Mark H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine self-determination outcome data in the year following a one-year cluster randomized controlled trial (C-RCT) comparing the impacts of a Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI) only condition to a SDLMI + Whose Future Is It? (SDLMI + WF) condition. Using multilevel B-spline model analysis with Bayesian estimation, we examined ongoing patterns of growth after the trial ended and all students were exposed to SDLMI + WF. The findings suggest that the inclusion of an additional year of outcome data provided additional insight into the impact of more intensive intervention conditions over time. Specifically, after the initial year of implementation, the SDLMI + WF condition predicted greater annual gains than the SDLMI only condition, unlike findings in the first year which reflected the opposite pattern. This evidence suggests a nonlinear growth pattern over multiple years of intervention with more intensive interventions. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Analyzing colors and spectra of natural rainbows with hyperspectral
imaging
Authors: Lee Jr. Raymond L. 
Published: May 2020

Few colorimetric analyses of natural rainbows (i.e., bows seen in rain showers) have been published, and
these are limited either to approximate techniques (colorimetrically
calibrated red–green–blue (RGB) cameras) or to rainbow proxies (bows
seen in sunlit water-drop sprays). Furthermore, no research papers
provide angularly detailed spectra of natural rainbows in the visible
and near-IR. Thus some uncertainty exists about whether the published
spectra and colors differ perceptibly from those in natural rainbows.
However, battery-powered imaging spectrometers now make possible
direct field measurements of the observed chromaticities and spectra
in such bows. These data (1) show consistent spectral and colorimetric
patterns along rainbow radii and (2) let one subtract additively mixed
background light to reveal the intrinsic colors and spectra produced
by rainbow scattering in nature.
Wall-thickness-controlled microbubble fabrication for WGM-based application
Authors: Jiang Junfeng , Liu Yize , Liu Kun , Wang Shuang , Ma Zhe , Zhang Yongning , Niu Panpan , Shen Liang , Liu Tiegen 
Published: May 2020

We present a wall-thickness-controlled microbubble fabrication model for whispering-gallery-mode (WGM)-based application. The process of fabricating the model is divided into three sequenced steps: geometry size change of the microcapillary during drawing, expanding the process under internal injection air pressure, and microcapillary waist swell into a microbubble. Experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the model. Experiment results show that wall thickness can reach 1.28 µm–1.46 µm at different injection pressure ranges of 50 kPa. The expected wall thickness of the microbubble can be achieved by changing injection pressure while keeping the diameter, which helps to prepare the required microbubble for practical application.