bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise comparativa do efeito de dois protocolos de ultrassom terapêutico para regeneração de defeito ósseo crítico
Authors: Daltro Ana Flávia Calmon , Barreto Isabela Cerqueira , Almeida Renata dos Santos , Ribeiro Iorrana Índira dos Anjos , Barbosa Junior Aryon de Almeida , Rosa Fabiana Paim 
Published: February 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Comparar o efeito de dois protocolos de ultrassom terapêutico com diferentes tempos de exposição para regeneração de defeito ósseo crítico.
Métodos Foram utilizados 45 ratos, machos, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo ultrassom terapêutico 5 minutos (GUS 5); grupo ultrassom terapêutico 10 minutos (GUS 10); e grupo controle (GC). Em todos os grupos, confeccionou-se um defeito ósseo crítico, com 8,5 mm de diâmetro, na região da calvária. O protocolo foi iniciado no 1° dia do pós-operatório, no GUS 5 e no GUS 10, com ultrassom terapêutico na frequência de 1,0 MHz, modo pulsado, 5 vezes por semana, nos períodos de 15, 30, e 60 dias.
Resultados Dentre os grupos experimentais, houve maior neoformação de matriz osteoide no GUS 10, seguido do GUS 5 quando comparados ao GC, no qual a neoformação foi restrita à região de borda. O uso do ultrassom promoveu aumento na espessura da matriz conjuntiva, proliferação de capilares, alinhamento das fibras colágenas, redução do edema e do processo inflamatório, tendo sido mais significativo no tempo de 10 minutos.
Conclusão O ultrassom terapêutico estimulou o reparo do defeito ósseo crítico, e o maior tempo de exposição promoveu maior estímulo osteogênico.
Posturographic Analysis in the Elderly with and without sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Ciquinato Daiane Soares de Almeida , Doi Marcelo Yugi , Silva Rubens A. da , Oliveira Márcio Rogério de , Gil André Wilson de Oliveira , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a serious public health problem. Some evidence suggests a significant relationship between SNHL and balance disorders. The inability to maintain balance associated with SNHL while standing further increases the risk of falls among older people.
Objective To investigate the association between SNHL on the postural balance in elderly individuals of both genders.
Methods The sample consisted of 247 (166 women) physically independent elderly individuals, (mean age = 68.4 ± 6.0). The instruments used were the anamnesis and the pure tone audiometry for hearing loss, and for balance a force platform based in measures of center of pressure area and of sway velocity in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions.
Results Presence of hearing loss (HL) was observed in 68% of the participants. We observed a significant association between SNHL and characteristics of balance between the groups with and without HL for center of pressure (COP) area (p = 0.010), anteroposterior velocity (p = 0.001) and mediolateral velocity (p = 0.020). There was a significant difference between the gender groups for center of pressure area (p = 0.004), anteroposterior velocity (p = 0.001) and mediolateral velocity (p = 0.001) with better performance in the female group. Amongst men, there was a difference between the ones with HL and those without it, for COP area (p = 0.049).
Conclusion In the present study, elderly individuals with SNHL exhibited more instability on the postural balance, and elderly men presented worse results in the test.
A layered investigation of Chinese in the linguistic landscape
Authors: Yao Xiaofang , Gruba Paul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Increased attention to urban diversity as a site of study has fostered the recent development of linguistic
landscape studies. To date, however, much of the research in this area has concerned the use and spread of English to the
exclusion of other global languages. In a case study situated in Box Hill, a large suburb of Melbourne, we adopted a layered
approach to investigate the role of Chinese language in Australia. Our data set consisted of hundreds of photographs of street
signage in one square block area of the shopping district. Results of our analyses show that signage portrays a variety of code
preferences and semiotic choices that in turn reveal insights into the identities, ideologies, and strategies that help to
structure the urban environment. As demonstrated in our study, such complexity requires a renewed and situated understanding of
key principles of linguistic landscape research (Ben-Rafael & Ben-Rafael,
2015).
Falling to one’s death in multiple
landscapes
Authors: Broccias Cristiano 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses whether He fell to
his death is a possible counterexample to Goldberg’s (1995) Unique
Path Constraint, which bans simultaneous motion in multiple
landscapes in caused motion/resultative constructions. On the face
of it, He fell to his death involves the blending
of motion in a physical landscape (as hinted at by
fell) and motion in a metaphorical landscape
(dying is conceptualised as telic motion). A possible solution to
this apparent violation is the claim that He fell to his
death is not an instance of the resultative
construction and/or that to his death is metonymic
for the place where one is presumed to have died. This paper argues
that neither option is feasible: the example at hand instantiates
the resultative construction and metonymy is not relevant. Instead,
our ability for blending intimately connected facets of a complex
event and the satellite-framed nature of English are held to be
decisive factors for the licensing of the example under
discussion.
“They cowardly attack US, so we nobly eliminate them…”
Authors: Mayor-Goicoechea Cristina , Romero-Trillo Jesús 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The threat of the Islamic State is realised both in its attacks and its discourse. To illustrate the role of
linguistic threats, the present study investigates the ISIS online propaganda magazine Dabiq by combining
Critical Discourse Analysis and Corpus Linguistics (Romero-Trillo 2008; Baker et al. 2008). Following the two groups described by van Dijk (2003), which are represented by the in-group (ISIS) and the out-group (against ISIS), we
propose a third element: the translocal group (i.e., the people in between). The results show the substantial presence of
linguistic strategies enhanced by Dangerous Speech (Benesch 2013) to create a high
segregation between the groups. Also, the analysis shows the inextricable relationship between conflict and dangerous language and
the need to investigate this link further, with special reference to the polarisation of the groups and to the subsequent
escalation of violence in discourse.
Pragmatics lost?
Authors: Baider Fabienne 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article argues for a definition of online hate speech as a contextualised speech act that is part of a social process of alienation. It suggests that hate speech comes in degrees, is contextual, involves already existing power dynamics, and ‘others’ its targets by creating in/out groups. I first review the various stances towards understanding the phenomenon of online hate speech, including approaches that focus on online hate speech as an interaction shaped by its medium, while also emphasizing the need to consider the role of implicatures in speech acts when defining hate speech. Second, I argue that the relationality of online speech implies that any message is embedded in idiosyncratic socio-cultural norms, and that therefore a ‘one size fits all’ definition of hate speech is elusive. I conclude by suggesting that contextualized hate speech is embedded in a social process of alienation and should be understood as a continuum.
Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances in the heat-processed soybean fermented withRhizopus oligosporus
Authors: Kusumah Dewi , Wakui Misaki , Murakami Mai , Xie Xiaonan , Yukihito Kabuyama , Maeda Isamu 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTAntibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were found in an ethanol fraction of tempe, an Indonesian fermented soybean produced using Rhizopus oligosporus. The ethanol fraction contained free fatty acids, monoglycerides, and fatty acid ethyl esters. Among these substances, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid exhibited antibacterial activities against S. aureus and B. subtilis, whereas 1-monolinolenin and 2-monolinolenin exhibited antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. The other free fatty acids, 1-monoolein, monolinoleins, ethyl linoleate, and ethyl linolenate did not exhibit bactericidal activities. These results revealed that R. oligosporus produced the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances against the Gram-positive bacteria during the fungal growth and fermentation of heat-processed soybean.
Improved functional connectivity network estimation for brain networks using multivariate partial coherence
Authors: Makhtar Siti N , Senik Mohd H , Stevenson Carl W , Mason Rob , Halliday David M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective. Graphical networks and network metrics are widely used to understand and characterise brain networks and brain function. These methods can be applied to a range of electrophysiological data including electroencephalography, local field potential and single unit recordings. Functional networks are often constructed using pair-wise correlation between variables. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that functional networks can be more accurately estimated using partial correlation than with pair-wise correlation. Approach. We compared network metrics derived from unconditional and conditional graphical networks, obtained using coherence and multivariate partial coherence (MVPC), respectively. Graphical networks were constructed using coherence and MVPC estimates, and binary and weighted network metrics derived from these: node degree, path length, clustering coefficients and small-world index. Main results. Network metrics were applied to simulated and experimental single unit spike train data. Simulated data used a 10x10 grid of simulated cortical neurons with centre-surround connectivity. Conditional network metrics gave a more accurate representation of the known connectivity: Numbers of excitatory connections had range 3–11, unconditional binary node degree had range 6–80, conditional node degree had range 2–13. Experimental data used multi-electrode array recording with 19 single-units from left and right hippocampal brain areas in a rat model for epilepsy. Conditional network analysis showed similar trends to simulated data, with lower binary node degree and longer binary path lengths compared to unconditional networks. Significance. We conclude that conditional networks, where common dependencies are removed through partial coherence analysis, give a more accurate representation of the interactions in a graphical network model. These results have important implications for graphical network analyses of brain networks and suggest that functional networks should be derived using partial correlation, based on MVPC estimates, as opposed to the common approach of pair-wise correlation.
Finding common ground: agreement on increasing wildfire risk crosses political lines
Authors: Hartter Joel , Hamilton Lawrence C , Ducey Mark J , Boag Angela E , Salerno Jonathan D , Christoffersen Nils D , Oester Paul T , Palace Michael W , Stevens Forrest R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wildfire is a growing threat in the western US, driven by high fuel loads, a warming climate, and rising human activity in the wildland urban interface. Diverse stakeholders must collaborate to mitigate risk and adapt to changing conditions. Communication strategies in collaborative efforts may be most effective if they align with local perspectives on wildfire and climate change. We investigate drivers of residents’ subjective perceptions regarding both issues in eastern Oregon using 2018 survey data, and examine objective evidence regarding local fuel loads, climate, and wildfire to identify trends and contextualize residents’ perceptions. We find that sociopolitical identity strongly predicts climate change beliefs, and that identity and climate beliefs predict both perceptions of recent past climate and likely future trends. Political influences on climate perceptions are strongest among people whose friends mostly belong to the same party. In contrast, perceptions about future wildfire risks are largely independent of climate-change beliefs, and of individual or peer-group politics. Most people accurately perceive the rising frequency of large wildfires, and expect this trend to continue. Decision makers have an opportunity to engage diverse stakeholders in developing policies to mitigate increasing wildfire risk without invoking climate change, which remains politically polarizing in some communities.
How urban densification influences ecosystem services—a comparison between a temperate and a tropical city
Authors: Grêt-Regamey Adrienne , Galleguillos-Torres Marcelo , Dissegna Angela , Weibel Bettina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Large scale and rapid urbanization processes call for a better quality of urban planning to support human well-being. While compact cities aim to reduce land consumption, densification puts pressure on the remaining green areas, influencing ecosystem services provision and ultimately the life quality of the growing urban population. Supply of and demand for urban ecosystem services differ however greatly across the globe. In this study, we derive a set of urban typologies and their related ecosystem services bundles in both a temperate and a tropical city. We show that the supply of urban ecosystem services does not increase linearly with green area coverage, but is highly dependent on the urban form. While the surface sealed by infrastructures and the buildings themselves play a key role in influencing ecosystem services provision, we observe that the share of trees is particularly important for supporting regulating ecosystem services in built up neighborhoods. With a similar average surface-to-volume ratio, open midrise neighborhoods in Singapore provide more water flow regulation and air pollution control services than the same urban typology in Zurich. Microclimate regulation, in contrast, does not seem to be dependent on the context, but more on the amount of built up surface. Interestingly, we observe that open midrise neighborhoods synergistically support the supply of many regulating services in both case study areas, including microclimate regulation, water flow regulation and air pollution control. Large water and forest patches are unquestionably essential in both Singapore and Zurich to support bundles of ecosystem services, particularly also for recreational activities. Using open data, the approach can be transferred to other cities and support decision makers in their efforts to plan the sustainable development of cities across the world.
Ectoine production from putrefactive non-volatile amines in the moderate halophile Halomonas elongata
Authors: Nakayama H , Kawamoto R , Miyoshi K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The moderate halophile Halomonas elongata can assimilate a variety of sugars and/or amino acids derived from bio-wastes as carbon and/or nitrogen sources. Thus, H. elongata could be a practical cell factory for bioproduction of fine chemicals such as ectoine. In protein-rich bio-wastes, putrefactive non-volatile amines could be formed as biogenic amines by decarboxylation of amino acids during biological rotten processes and be a considerable toxicological risk. Therefore, we investigated whether H. elongata can assimilate major putrefactive non-volatile amines, Histamine and Tyramine, as carbon and/or nitrogen sources or not. Comparative analysis using closely related H. elongata strains, OUT30018 and DSM2581T, revealed that H. elongata OUT30018 can assimilate both Histamine and Tyramine, and produce ectoine under high salinity, while H. elongata DSM2581T cannot. Thus, H. elongata OUT30018 would be a one of the most promising cell factories to produce fine chemicals such as ectoine from the putrefactive non-volatile amines in protein-rich bio-waste.
Effect of storage time and temperatures on growth rate of Eschericia coli BL21 containing JSU construct for Jembrana disease candidate vaccine
Authors: Indriawati  , Volkandari S D , Margawati E T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The viability of Eschericia coli BL21 (DE3) bearing JSU (Jembrana Surface Unit) recombinant protein depend on several factors, such as temperatures and time of storage. JSU act as a vaccine candidate for the Jembrana disease in Bali cattle, therefore, it is important to keep the quality and quantity the yield of JSU recombinant protein, the E. coli need to maintenance. The study was designed to examine the viability of Escherichia coli at different temperatures and time of cultivation. The E. coli BL21 bearing JSU was cultured in LB broth (+Amph 100µg mL−1) overnight and aliquot it in 1.5mL sterile tube (3 tube every temperatures). The tubes were incubated in three storage temperatures (Room Temperatures/RT, 4°C and -20°C. The viabilities of the cells were observed in 24, 48 and 120 hours by measuring the Optical density by spectrophotometer, and then inoculated it in LB plate (+Amp 100µg mL−1). The result showed that statistically, there were significant effect (P<0.05) in temperature -20°C at 24h and 120h observation on viability of E. coli BL21. The viability of E. coli at -20°C and storage time observed at 120h are more stabile, compared the other temperatures (RT and 4°C). There was no significant effect on both temperatures RT and 4°C in OD600 at 24 and 48h and the growth was decreased until 120h observation. The observation at 24h with 4°C cultured has a higher OD600 (1.098) followed by RT (1.070) and -20°C (0.773). The viability of E. coli was decreased at 48h with RT (1.011) and 4°C (1.0611), meanwhile, at -20°C the cells were increased (0.958). Meanwhile, the observation at 120h, the cells was more stabile at -20°C (0.961) compared with cultures from 4°C (0.981) and RT (0.719). Based on the OD600, the viability at the -20°C intended more stabile compared to RT and 4°C, but in the 24h the growth at -20°C are very low because no protectant added in the culture, it will shock the cells and dead. This finding showed that viability of E. coli BL21 bearing JSU recombinant protein better to keep in -20°C for longer period storage time with an addition of protectant agent in the culture media to keep the cells alive and more stabile.
Isolation and Identification of ACC Deaminase Producing Bacteria from Rhizosfer and Plant Roots of Maize, Cowpea, and Groundnut Growing under Saline Stress
Authors: Simarmata R , Dewi D C , Ngadiman  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
ACC deaminase producing bacteria reduces the excess ethylene produced by stressed plant because ACC deaminase catalyzes the cleavage of ACC into ammonium and α-ketobutyrate. ACC deaminase is produced by several rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria. This study was aimed to obtain ACC deaminase producing bacteria isolated from rhizosfer and plant roots of maize, cowpea, and groundnut growing under saline stress. Isolation was conducted by surface plating on NA medium. Qualitative selection was based on the growth of isolate on DF salts medium supplemented with AIB. Quantitative selection based on ACC deaminase activity assay. Identification of the isolates was carried out by morphologycally and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Isolation and selection resulted four bacterial isolates (AJG3, RJG6, ATL5, and RTN10). Those bacterial isolates have the ACC deaminase activity between 184.65 to 692.54 nmol α-ketobutyrate. mg−1. h−1. Isolate of AJG3, RJG6, and ATL5 were gram negative bacteria, only one isolate was gram positive bacteria (RTN10). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, AJG3, RJG6, ATL5, and RTN10 isolates have a high similarity with Klebsiella variicola, Rhizobium pusense, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Bacillus stratosphericus respectively.
Characterization of cassava starch and its potential for fermentable sugar production
Authors: Fathoni A , Hartati NS , Wahyuni H Fitriani , Rahman N , Harmoko R , Perwitasari U 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to characterise starch properties of an improved cassava genotype generated from somaclonal variation, Revita RV1 and investigate its potential for fermentable sugar production. A total of six cassava genotypes including Revita RV1, Manggu, Adira 4, Menti, Kristal Merah and Roti were used for comparison analysis. Morphological properties of starch were observed using light microscope and electron microscope (SEM). Physico-chemical properties such as ratio of amylose and amylopectin, swelling power, syneresis, gelation capacity, and water holding capacity (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC) were measured. Glucose from starch fermentation was determined by HPLC. The results showed there was variation in shape (irregular, rounded and truncated) and diameter of starch granule among the six genotypes ranged between 19 and 147 µm. The highest swelling power (SP) was obtained from starch of Menti (7.02 ± 0.30) and the lowest SP was starch of Adira 4 (5.94 ± 0.54). The other properties such as ratio of amylose and amylopectin, syneresis, and gelation capacityalso varied among tested cassava genotypes. HPLC quantification revealed that Roti and Revita RV1 produced fermentable sugar higher than other genotypes with glucose concentration of 110.77 g/L and 102.06 g/L, respectively. The lowest glucose concentration of 89.59 g/L was obtained from Menti. The efficiency of fermentable sugar/glucose production among cassava genotypes is more likely influenced by various properties of starch.
Agronomic Characteristics, Yield Components and Polymorphic Markers between IRBL Kp-K60 and Ciherang for Developing Rice Resistant to Blast
Authors: Nurhasanah A N , Astuti D , Widyajayantie D , Estiati A , Nugroho S , Suwarno  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Blast is one of the most devastating disesase in rice field in Indonesia which caused by Pyricularia oryzae. Utilising rice resistant variety is one of the most efective, economical dan eco-friendly solution for the disease. To develop rice resistant to blast is required resources of plant with resistance gene and popular variety as the parents. Introgressing gene pik in chromosome 11 from IRBL Kp-K60 into Ciherang was conducted using markers-assisted backcrossing. In this backcrossing program, selection process is a crucial part to gain the goal of the program. The goal of backcrossing program is to obtain plant which has all Ciherang characteristics with additional trait, resistance to blast. Some characteristics of the parents such as agronomic characteristics and yield components must be observed to assist phenotypic selection in the progeny. Moreover, applying DNA markers in backcrossing program will facillitate selection proccess to ensure that resistance gene is already transfered from donor into recepient. Thus, it is important to analyse polymorphic DNA markers between the parents. The aim of the study were to asses parental difference in agronomic characteristics and yields component and analyse polymorphic markers between Ciherang and IRBL Kp-K60 for developing rice resistant to blast disease. The result of study showed that several agronomic characteristics and yield component in Ciherang were more superior than IRBL Kp-K60.Flowering date of Ciherang was more longer than IRBL Kp-K60. Thirty six DNA markers were used in this study from various type of markers, namely CAPs, SSR and SNP. Some DNA markers were dominan and the others were codominan. There were fourthen DNA markers were polymorphics between the parents and can be used in the selection process in the progeny.