bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Mental Health Care for Unaccompanied Young Refugees Through A Stepped Care Approach Versus Usual Care+: Study Protocol of A Cluster Randomized Controlled Hybrid Effectiveness Implementation Trial
Authors: Rosner Rita , Sachser Cedric , Hornfeck Fabienne , Kilian Reinhold , Kindler Heinz , Muche Rainer , Müller Lauritz Rudolf Floribert , Thielemann Jonathan , Waldmann Tamara , Ziegenhain Ute , Unterhitzenberger Johanna , Pfeiffer Elisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: More than half of the unaccompanied young refugees (UYRs) resettled in Europe report elevated levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and comorbid symptoms. Earlier studies have highlighted the effectiveness of the trauma-focused preventive group intervention ‘Mein Weg’ (English ‘My Way’), and the feasibility of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) for UYRs. Both interventions are deemed to be empirically supported treatments (ESTs). However, UYRs seldom receive ESTs or, in fact, any treatment at all. In view of the high need and the limited treatment resources available, a stepped-care approach is indicated but has not been evaluated so far. The purpose of this trial is to compare the stepped-care approach BETTER CARE with usual care enhanced with screening and indication (usual care+). Methods: In a cluster randomized controlled trial involving N = 540 UYRs living in up to N=54 child and youth welfare service (CYWS) facilities, BETTER CARE will be compared with usual care+. We will randomize clusters comprising a CYWS facility with at least one eligible psychotherapist. BETTER CARE consists of step 1) screening and indication and either step 2) preventive trauma-focused group intervention ‘Mein Weg’ delivered by trained CYWS staff or step 3) TF-CBT delivered by trained community therapists and supported by trained translators if necessary. Participants will be assessed 6 and 12 months after randomization. The primary outcome is the severity of PTSS after 12 months. Secondary outcomes are depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of life, and proxy reported PTSS. Furthermore, drug use, health costs, benefits and long-term effects on integration/acculturation will be assessed. Discussion: The trial will directly integrate a stepped-care approach into existing structures of the German child welfare and (mental) health system. It could, therefore, serve as a blueprint for how to implement ESTs for UYRs. If successful, screening, prevention and intervention will be sustainably implemented in CYWS in southern Germany. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, ID: DRKS00017453. Registered December 11th, 2019. URL: https://www.drks.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do
Relationship between sleep duration and sociodemographic characteristics, mental health and chronic diseases in individuals aged from 18 to 85 years old in Guangdong province of China: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Xie , Wang Shi-Bin , Li Xue-Li , Huang Zhuo-Hui , Tan Wen-Yan , Lin Hai-Cheng , Hou Cai-Lan , Jia Fu-Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Sleep is vital for maintaining individual’s physical and mental health. Prior studies have reported close relationships between sleep duration and chronic diseases. However, in China, the prevalence of aberrant sleep duration and the associations between sleep duration and chronic conditions still merit studying in Guangdong province. This study aimed at examining the relationship between sleep duration and multiple dimensions of sociodemographic characteristics, mental health and chronic diseases in Guangdong province in China, with a large population-based data of individuals aged from 18 to 85 years old.Methods: This study aimed at analyzing the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the population in Guangdong province. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was applied for this study. 13,768 participants from Guangdong province were interviewed with standardized assessment tools, including Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Basic socio-demographic information, mental health and chronic diseases information were collected. Self-reported sleep duration was classified as three types: short (<7h), normative (7-9h) and long (≥9h). Results: The mean sleep duration was 6.75±1.11h. Short sleepers had a higher prevalence of chronic diseases, including anemia (6.2%, p=0.024), gout (2.8%, p=0.010), hyperlipidemia (3.9%, p=0.003) and low back pain (5.6%, p=0.020) than other types of sleeper. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that short sleepers were more likely to have low income level, have depressive symptoms, be ex- or current drinkers and be overweight. Anemia, hyperlipidemia and low back pain were all risk factors for short sleep, while malignant tumor was risky for long sleep. Conclusions: Low income level, drinking status, being overweight, and chronic conditions may be associated with aberrant sleep duration in Guangdong province general population. Short sleepers have a higher risk of suffering from anemia, hyperlipidemia, and low back pain, while long sleepers are more likely to have malignant tumor. Health professionals should value the sleep patterns in general health care and attach importance to conduct further epidemiologic surveys to explore the relationship between sleep duration and health.
Evaluation of associations between asthma exacerbations and distance to roadways using geocoded electronic health records data
Authors: He Jingyi , Ghorveh Mohsen Ghiasi , Hurst Jillian H. , Tang Monica , Alhanti Brooke , Lang Jason E. , Goldstein Benjamin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Asthma exacerbations in children often require medications, urgent care, and hospitalization. Multiple environmental triggers have been associated with asthma exacerbations, including particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone, which are primarily generated by motor vehicle exhaust. There is mixed evidence as to whether proximity to highways increases risk of asthma exacerbations. Methods: To evaluate the impact of highway proximity, we assessed the association between asthma exacerbations and the distance of child’s primary residence to two types of roadways in Durham County, North Carolina, accounting for other patient-level factors. We abstracted data from the Duke University Health System electronic health record (EHR), identifying 6,208 children with asthma between 2014 – 2019. We geocoded each child’s distance to roadways (both 35 MPH+ and 55 MPH+). We classified asthma exacerbation severity into four tiers and fitted a recurrent event survival model to account for multiple exacerbations. Results: There was a no observed effect of residential distance from 55+ MPH highway (Hazard Ratio: 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.94, 1.01)) and distance to 35+ MPH roadway (Hazard Ratio: 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.83, 1.15)) and any asthma exacerbation. Conclusions: While the results were non-significant, the characteristics of the study sample – namely farther distance to roadways and generally good ambient environmental pollution may contribute to the lack of effect. Compared to previous studies, which often relied on self-reported measures, we were able to obtain a more objective assessment of outcomes. Overall, this work highlights the opportunity to use EHR data to study environmental impacts on disease.
Association between social capital and depression among older people: evidence from Anhui Province, China
Authors: Bai Zhongliang , Xu Zhiwei , Xu Xiaoru , Qin Xia , Hu Wenbiao , Hu Zhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To examine the relationship between social capital and depression among community-dwelling older adults in Anhui Province, China.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among older people selected from three cities of Anhui Province, China using a multi-stage stratiﬁed cluster random sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews and information on demographic characteristics, social capital, and depression was collected. The generalized linear model and classification and regression tree model were employed to assess the association between social capital and depression.
Results: Totally, 1,810 older people aged ≥ 60 years were included in the final analysis. Overall, all of the social capital dimensions were positively associated with depression: social participation (coefficient: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.22 - 0.48), social support (coefficient:0.18, 95% CI:0.07 - 0.28), social connection (coefficient: 0.76, 95% CI:0.53 - 1.00), trust (coefficient:0.62, 95% CI:0.33 - 0.92), cohesion (coefficient:0.31, 95% CI:0.17 - 0.44) and reciprocity (coefficient:0.30, 95% CI:0.11 - 0.48), which suggested that older people with higher social capital had a smaller chance to develop depression. A complex joint effect of certain social capital dimensions on depression was also observed. The association with depression and the combinative effect of social capital varied among older adults across the cities.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that improving social capital could aid in the prevention of depression among older adults.
Keywords : Social Capital, Depression, Elderly, Mental Health, China
Does postgraduate clinical training reduce empathy among Japanese trainee dentists? A multi-perspective assessment
Authors: Yoshida Toshiko , Watanabe Sho , Kono Takayuki , Taketa Hiroaki , Shiotsu Noriko , Shirai Hajime , Nakai Yukie , Torii Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Enhancing empathy in healthcare education is a critical component of delivering better patient care; however, the decline of empathy among students has been frequently reported. It is especially common when the curriculum transitions to a clinical setting. However, some studies have questioned the significance and frequency of this decline. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether postgraduate clinical training reduced dental trainees’ empathy levels toward patients.Methods: This study included 64 trainee dentists at Okayama University Hospital and 13 simulated patients (SPs). The trainee dentists completed the Japanese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for health professionals just before conducting initial medical interviews with SPs twice, at the beginning and the end of their clinical training. The SPs evaluated the trainees’ communication using an assessment questionnaire immediately after the interviews. The videotaped interview data were analyzed using the Roter Interaction Analysis System. Results: When comparing the results from the beginning and end of training, trainee dentists showed sustained levels of self-reported empathy, decreased communication behavior in the emotional responsiveness category, and an unchanged assessment in communication from the simulated patients.Conclusions: Overall, a one-year postgraduate dental training program neither reduced nor increased trainee dentists’ empathy levels. Providing regular education support in this area may help trainees foster their empathy.
Effect of Satisfaction With a Dental Appearance on the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: Ellakany Passent , Fouda Shaimaa , Alghamdi Maram , Bakhurji Eman 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Dental appearance affects facial beauty, social interaction and psychological well-being particularly among adolescents. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of dental appearance satisfaction on the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics among Saudi adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia among students attending intermediate and high schools. Data was collected using the translated Arabic version of psychosocial impact of dental esthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) and demographic variables including; gender, age, school grade, and parental level of education. Statistical analysis was performed by using logistic regression to assess the effect of demographical variables on PIDAQ and its domains at 5% significance level. Results: Females and participants’ fathers’ university education were statistically significantly having higher PIDAQ and aesthetic concern. Females were 70%, and those with fathers’ university education were 22% more likely to have a negative psychological impact. Females and those with mothers’ university education were less likely to have positive dental self-confidence. Conclusions: Most of adolescents exhibited satisfaction with their own smiles. Smile dissatisfaction in the remaining participants was related to teeth alignment, color and shape. Females and participants with fathers’ university education exhibited higher psychosocial impact than males and those with or without school education.
Microbiological Findings in Early and Late Implant Loss
Authors: Korsch Michael , Marten Silke-Mareike , Stoll Dominic , Prechtl Christopher , Dötsch Andreas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Implants are a predictable and well-established treatment method in dentistry. Nevertheless, looking at possible failures of dental implants, early and late loss have to be distinguished. This study aimed at microbiological aspects on surfaces of implants, which had to be removed.Methods 53 specimens of implants from 49 healthy patients have been examined. The groups investigated were implants that had to be removed in the period of osseointegration (early loss) or after the healing period (late loss). Data about the microbiological colonialization of the implant was collected using amplification and high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.Results Both early and late implant loss was associated with increased levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Additionally. Late lost implants showed higher bacterial diversity and in addition higher abundances of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, while microbial communities of early loss implants were very heterogeneous.Conclusions Pathogens commonly associated with severe periodontitis were found around implants that were lost after a primarily uneventful osseointegration. P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum colonized the implant surface in early and late loss and could therefore be characteristic for implant loss in general. The reasons for early losses could be multifactorial. Trial registration This study was approved by the ethical review committee of the local medical association (Institutional Review Board of the Saarland Medical Council, Germany; ID: 232/12).
S100A8 and S100A9 in Saliva, Blood and Gingival Crevicular Fluid for Screening Periodontitis
Authors: Kim Hyun-Duck , Karna Sandeep , Shin YooJin , Vu Huong , Cho Hyun-Jae , Kim Sungtae 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Periodontitis is one of major oral diseases, which has no consensus on early screening tool. This study aimed to compare the association and screening ability of S100A8 and S100A9 in saliva, blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) for periodontitis.Methods: We recruited 149 community Koreans, 50 healthy and 99 periodontitis. Using clinical attachment loss and a panoramic radiograph, stage II-IV of new classification of periodontitis proposed at 2018 was considered as periodontitis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to quantify S100A8 and S100A9. T-test, ANCOVA, Mann-Whitney test and correlation analysis were applied to compare the relationship of S100A8 and S100A9 in saliva, blood, and GCF for periodontitis. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied for screening ability.Results: Among S100A8 and S100A9 in saliva, blood and GCF, S100A8 in saliva was significantly higher in periodontitis participants than in healthy participants (p<0.05) and showed highest screening ability of 0.73 for periodontitis. However, S100A8 and S100A9 in GCF were significantly higher in healthy participants (p<0.05). Salivary S100A8 was positively correlated to blood S100A8 (r=0.21, p <0.05).Conclusion: Salivary S100A8 could be a potential diagnostic marker for periodontitis. Thus, S100A8 salivary kit will be useful for screening periodontitis.Summary sentence: Salivary S100A8 kit produced appropriate diagnostic ability for periodontitis and would be an efficient tool for early screening of periodontitis risk.
The influence of previous arthroscopic treatment on subsequent total knee arthroplasty: the comparison between bilateral knees of the same patient
Authors: XU Kui-shuai , SHEN Rui , WANG Cai-lin , CHU Yan , ZHAO Xia , TIAN Shao-qi , YU Teng-bo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
PurposeTo explore whether previous arthroscopic knee surgery affects future total knee arthroplasty results or not.Methods A total of 36 patients with the previous arthroscopic treatment on one knee underwent subsequent bilateral total knee arthroplasty in our hospital from September 2013 to July 2017. Data on each patient were collected in regards to changes in postoperative clinical and functional scores, various other scores, as well as postoperative functional recovery and complications. We defined the knees with a previous arthroscopic history as group A, and the counter side as group B.The Knee Society clinical score, functional scores, ROM, FJS, VAS scores were assessed before and after surgery. Using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to test the normality of continuous variables, and the chi-square test to compare the rate of reoperation and complications between two groups. For all statistical comparisons, P<0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThere were no statistically significance differences found in postoperative Knee Society clinical scores and functional scores between group A and group B, as well as in ROM, FJS, VAS scores and local complications. Conclusion There were no statistically significant differences found in postoperative functional recovery and complications in patients, who underwent total knee arthroplasty with previous knee arthroscopy.
A novel thermostable alkaline histamine oxidase from Glutamicibacter sp. N1A310, induced by histamine and its analogue betahistine
Authors: Sadeghi Hossein , Arjmand Sareh , Siadat Seyed Omid Ranaei , Fooladi Jamshid , Ebrahimipour Gholamhossein 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs) are low molecular weight organic bases formed by natural amino acids decarboxylation and trigger an array of toxicological effects in humans and animals. Bacterial amine oxidases enzymes are determined as practical tools to implement the rapid quantification of BAs in foods. Our study set out to obtain a new efficient, amine oxidase enzyme for developing new enzyme-based quantification of histamine. The soils from different sources were screened using histamine as sole carbon and nitrogen sources, and histamine oxidase producing bacteria were selected and identified using specific primers for histamine oxidase (HOD) gene. The HOD gene of six strains, out of 26 isolated histamine-utilizing bacteria, were amplified using our designed primers. The HOD enzyme from Glutamicibacter sp. N1A3101, isolated from nettle soil, was found to be thermostable and showed the highest substrate specificity toward the histamine and with no detected activity in the presence of putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, and spermidine. Its oxidation activity toward tyramine was lower than other HOD reported so far. The isolated enzyme was stable at 60 °C for 30 min and showed pH stability ranging from 6–9. Furthermore, we indicated the induction of identified HOD activity in the presence of betahistine as well, with nearly equal efficiency and without the consumption of the substrate.
Reference Gene Selection for qRT-PCR Analyses of Luffa (Luffa cylindrica) Plants Under Abiotic Stress Conditions
Authors: chen mindong , wang bin , li yongping , zeng meijuan , liu jianting , ye xinru , zhu haisheng , wen qingfang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is one of the preferred methods for analyzing gene expression, and selecting suitable internal reference genes is an important prerequisite for the application of this technology. However, no systematic studies have been conducted on reference genes in luffa, resulting in limited investigations of luffa gene expression. Results: In this study, seven reference genes ( ACT , TUA , TUB , EF-1α , GAPDH , UBQ , and 18S ) were selected, and their expression levels in luffa plants exposed to various simulated abiotic stresses [i.e., cold, drought, heat, salt, H 2 O 2 , and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments] were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The stability of the reference gene expression levels was validated using the geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder algorithms. The results indicated that EF-1α was the most stably expressed and suitable reference gene overall and for the heat, cold, and ABA treatments. Additionally, UBQ expression was stable following the salt treatment, whereas TUB was identified as a suitable reference gene for H 2 O 2 and drought treatments. In contrast, GAPDH was revealed as an unsuitable reference gene overall and for the heat, salt, H 2 O 2 , ABA, and drought treatments. Regarding the cold treatment, TUA was identified as an unsuitable reference gene. The reliability of the selected reference genes was verified by analyzing the expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase ( Cu/Zn-SOD ) gene in luffa. When the most unstable reference genes were used for data normalizations, the resulting expression patterns had obvious biases when compared with the expression patterns for the most ideal reference genes used alone or combined. Conclusions: The study data were used to compile a list of suitable reference genes for qRT-PCR analyses of the gene expression in luffa plants exposed to abiotic stresses. This work may provide the basis for future qRT-PCR-based investigations of the transcription of important functional genes in luffa.
Prioritization of candidate causal genes in GWAS signals of asthma in UK Biobank
Authors: Valette Kim , Li Zhonglin , Bon-Baret Valentin , Chignon Arnaud , Bérubé Jean-Christophe , Eslami Aida , Lamothe Jennifer , Gaudreault Nathalie , Joubert Philippe , Obeidat Ma’en , Berge Maarten van den , Timens Wim , Sin Don , Nickle David , Hao Ke , Labbé Catherine , Godbout Krystelle , Côté Andréanne , Laviolette Michel , Boulet Louis-Philippe , Mathieu Patrick , Thériault Sébastien , Bossé Yohan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To identify susceptibility loci and candidate causal genes of asthma, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in UK Biobank on a broad asthma definition (n = 56,167 asthma cases and 352,255 controls). We then carried out functional mapping through transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and Mendelian randomization in lung (n = 1,038) and blood (n = 31,684) tissues. The GWAS revealed 72 asthma-associated loci from 116 independent significant variants (PGWAS<5.0E-8). As expected, the yield of exonic variants associated with asthma was low, but nine were identified as potentially deleterious (CADD > 20) including a stop-gain mutation in the filaggrin (FLG) gene. The top lung TWAS gene on 17q12-q21 was GSDMB (PTWAS=1.42E-54). Other TWAS genes of interest include TSLP on 5q22, RERE on 1p36, CLEC16A on 16p13, and IL4R on 16p12, which all replicated in GTEx lung (n = 515). A novel risk locus was also revealed by the lung asthma TWAS on 1q23.3 with the putative gene encoding the gamma chain of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FCER1G, PTWAS=2.13E-6), which was also replicated in GTEx lung (PTWAS=3.71E-7). By testing a comprehensive set of cells and tissues, we then demonstrated that the largest fold enrichment of regulatory and functional annotations among asthma-associated variants was in the blood. We mapped 485 eQTL-regulated genes associated with asthma in the blood and 50 of them were shown to be causally associated with asthma by Mendelian randomization. Prioritization of druggable genes revealed known (IL4R, TSLP, IL6, TNFSF4) and potentially new therapeutic targets for asthma.