bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Radio in Digital Agriculture: A Physical Layer Overlay Based Underground Radio Propagation System
Authors: Raza Usman , Salam Abdul , Karabiyik Umit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In digital agriculture, the cognitive radio technology is being envisaged as solution to spectral shortage problems by allowing agricultural cognitive users to co-exist with PU in the same spectrum on the field. Cognitive radios increase system capacity and spectral efficiency by sensing the spectrum and adapting the transmission parameters. This design requires a robust, adaptable and flexible physical layer to support cognitive radio functionality. In this paper, two different approaches are proposed to improve the application of cognitive radios in agriculture. A novel physical layer architecture for cognitive radio based on cognition, cooperation, and cognitive interference avoidance has been developed by using power control for digital agriculture applications. The design is based on sensing of spectrum usage, detecting the message/spreading code of PU, cognitive relaying, cooperation, and cognition of channel parameters. Moreover, the power and rate allocation, ergodic, and outage capacity formulas are also presented. Furthermore, a two-hop load balancing approach is presented using a cognitive radios as a relay node in the network to improve throughput and optimize the load between different area of an agricultural field.
Ethnic Differences in Spermatozoa Morphological Defects Diversity Among Men From Eastern Siberia, Russia
Authors: Kleshchev Maxim , Osadchuk Alexander , Shantanova Larisa , Troev Ivan , Osadchuk Ludmila 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background.Sperm morphology defects are considered to indicate several spermiogenesis anomalies, resulting in decreased men fertility, causing not only poor sperm morphology but also increased DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation defects, increased oxidative stress. Consequently, detailed assessment of sperm morphological abnormalities in additional to counting percentage of sperm with normal morphology may be useful for andrologists and reproductive biologists. However, a little attention is paid to studying a regional and especially ethnic variability in the incidence of the sperm morphology defects. The aim of this research was to estimate ethnic variability in percentages of the sperm morphology abnormalities in men from general population living in the Siberian region of the Russian Federation.Methods.Male volunteers of Buryat (n=195), Yakut (n=130), and Slavic (n=89) ethnicity from the general population from Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk at least 5 years were enrolled in the study. Percentages of sperm morphological defects (according to the classification provided by the WHO laboratory manual, 2010) are counted after staining native ejaculate smears by Diff-Quick kits. Results.Among sperm defect, amorphous (62.25±12.18%), elongated (10.61±8.62%), pyriform(8.61±9.17%), and vacuolated heads (10.31±6.77%), abnormal acrosome (20.43±12.67%), asymmetrical insertion neck (18.33±6,43%), thick midpiece (6.21±3,41%), bent head (5.94±4,02%) and coiled tail (10.8±6.79%) were most frequent. In comparison with Buryats, Slavs and Yakuts were characterized by the decreased proportion sperm with normal morphology, the increased proportion of pyriform, elongated heads, abnormal acrosome, asymmertical tail insertion, excessive residual cytoplasm and increased teratozoospermia index (TZI). It was shown that impared progressive sperm motility and concentration associated with decreased percentage of sperm with normal morphology and increased proportion most of sperm morphology defects and TZI. However, increasing TZI in men with oligoastenozoospermia compared to men with astenozoospermia was revealed for Buryats only, suggesting ethnic features in the relationships between sperm morphology and concentration.Conclusion.The present study showed significant coordinated ethnic variability in the percentages of several sperm morphological defects in men from the general population located in Eastern Siberia. Damaged spermiogenesis processes underlying sperm head elongation and tail formation is considered to be significant contributors to geographical and ethnic variability of sperm morphology in men from the studied populations.
What Matters When Exploring Fidelity in Interventions Using Health It to Reduce Disparities in Language-diverse Populations?”
Authors: Handley Margaret , Landeros Jerad , Wu Cindie , Najmabadi Adriana , Vargas Daniela , Athavale Priyanka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence-based interventions often develop strategies to engage diverse populations while also attempting to maintain external validity. When using health IT tools to deliver patient-centered health messages, systems-level requirements are often at odds with ‘on-the ground’ tailoring approaches employed in patient-centered care, particularly regarding ensuring equity is achieved linguistically diverse populations. Methods: STAR MAMA, is a 5-month bilingual (English and Spanish) intervention adapted from the Diabetes Prevention Program, examined in a pilot RCT conducted among 181 post-partum women with recent gestational diabetes. Fidelity to pre-determined ‘core’ intervention components (e.g. systems integration) as well as important ‘modifiable’ components focused on population equity (e.g. health coaching responsiveness, and variation in outcomes by language), were assessed, using an adapted implementation fidelity framework. Evaluation data included participant-level surveys, systems-level databases of message delivery, call completion, and health coaching notes.Results: Participant mean age was 31.5 years, 96.6% of participants are Latina and 80.9% were born outside the US. Among those receiving the STAR MAMA calls 55 received the calls in Spanish (61%) and 35 English (39%). Of those in the call arm, 81 women (90%) completed all 20 weeks of the program. There were many more systems errors in the beginning of the program, than over time. Health coaching triggers were also more widespread in the first several weeks of the STAR MAMA intervention, notably among Spanish-speakers. Although Spanish speakers had more triggers than English-speakers, the difference was not statistically significant. Of the calls that triggered a health coach follow-up, a call-back attempt was made for 85.4% (n=152) of the English call triggers and for 80.0% (n=279) of the Spanish call triggers (NS). Of those with attempted calls, health coaching calls were complete for 55.6% (n=85) of English-language call triggers and for 56.6% of Spanish-language call triggers (NS). Some differences in acceptability were noted by language, with Spanish-speakers reporting higher satisfaction with prevention content (p=<0.01) and English-speakers reporting health coaches were less considerate of their time (p=0.03). Conclusions: Implementation fidelity for health IT interventions involving health coaching should address moderating factors, such as language, as well as systems level factors.Trial Registration: National Clinical Trials registration number: CT02240420 Registered September 15, 2014 . ClinicalTrials.gov
COL11A1 acted as a downstream of Mist1 to promote the EMT in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Zhiqiang , Sun Ying , Ding Hui , Ren Dianyun , Li Yongfeng , Gou Shanmiao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. The tumor microenvironment is closely related to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Collagen type XI alpha 1 chain (COL11A1), as a component of extracellular collagen, has been proven to be responsible for tumor development and drug resistance in various cancers. However, it’s role in pancreatic cancer remains unknown. Method The GEPIA (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis) web tool was used to clarify the differential expression of COL11A1 and clinical prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Functional experiments were performed to assess the effect of COL11A1 on the state of pancreatic cells in vitro. Mouse xenograft models and pulmonary metastasis models were established to investigate the influence of COL11A1 in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays and dual-luciferase assays were applied to assess the relationship between muscle, intestine and stomach expression 1 (Mist1) and COL11A1.Results The upregulated expression of COL11A1 in pancreatic cancer led to a worse prognosis and overall survival for patients with pancreatic cancer. Knockdown of COL11A1 in pancreatic cancer cell lines inhibited their proliferation and invasion, while upregulating COL11A1 increased those abilities. The ChIP and dual-luciferase assays clarified Mist1 could bind to the promoter of COL11A1 as a transcription factor and repress its transcription. Meanwhile, we found that the N-terminal repressor region of Mist1 was capable of inhibiting COL11A1 expression.Conclusion We identified COL11A1 as a carcinogen in pancreatic cancer, and clarified a novel mechanism which Mist1 reverses the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in pancreatic cancer by repressing COL11A1 expression.
Community health workers in India: Challenges and vulnerabilities of Accredited Social Health Activists working in conflict-affected settings in the state of Assam, India
Authors: Rajbangshi Preety R , Nambiar Devaki , Srivast Aradhana 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction:. It is well acknowledged that India’s Community Health workers known as Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) are the bedrock of its health system. Many ASHAs are currently working in fragile and conflict-affected settings. No efforts have yet been made to understand the challenges and vulnerabilities of these female workers. This paper seeks to address this gap by bringing attention to the situation of ASHAs working in the fragile and conflict settings and how conflict impacts them and their work.Methods: Qualitative fieldwork was undertaken in four conflict-affected villages in two post-conflict districts -Kokrajhar and Karbi Anglong of Assam state situated in the North-East region of India. Four ASHAs from the majority (Bodo or Karbi) and minority (Adivasi or Koch) communities serving roughly 4000 people were interviewed in their language of preference after administering written consent. Data transliterated into English were analysed by authors by developing a codebook using grounded theory and thematic organisation of codes. Results: ASHAs reported facing challenges in ensuring access to health services during and immediately after outbreaks of conflict. They experienced difficulty in arranging transport and breakdown of services at remote health facilities. Their physical safety and security were at risk during episodes of conflict. ASHAs reported hostile attitudes of the communities they served due to the breakdown of social relations, trauma due to displacement, and loss of family members, particularly their husbands. Conclusion: Conflict must be recognised as an important context within which community health workers operate, with greater policy focus and research devoted to understanding and addressing the barriers they face as workers and as persons affected by conflict.
Factors associated with non-adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV infected adolescents at Guji zone Health Facilities, South Ethiopia
Authors: Woldasemayat Lalisa Ayele , Jiru Beshir Ibrahim , Edossa Zerihun Kura 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Suboptimal adherence results in inadequate drug exposure and increases the likelihood of viral replication and resistance, limit future therapeutic options. A high level of adherence is very crucial to maximize the usefulness of antiretroviral therapy. This study aimed to examine factors associated with non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents in Guji Zone, South Ethiopia.Methods: Institution based case-control study design was employed on adolescent clients on antiretroviral therapy in the ART clinic of Guji zone health facilities from 26 February to 20 April 2018. Cases and controls were recruited by a consecutive sampling method. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done using SPSS version 20 at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and a precision of 5%.Results: A total of 297(101 cases and 196 controls) adolescents on ART participated in this study. Being rural residents AOR 1.9(1.1-3.6), Living with unmarried/widowed and separated caregivers AOR 2.1(1.2-3.8), living with unemployed caregivers AOR 4.2(2.0-8.9), not disclosing HIV Status AOR 5(2.8-9.4), having symptom of depression for adolescents AOR 2.7(1.5-4.9), not using reminding methods AOR 2.4(1.2-4.8) and Uses of other drugs besides ART AOR 2.6(1.5-5.0) were found to be independent factors associated with non-adherence to ART among adolescents.Conclusion: -Residence area, caregiver marital status, sources of income for the family, disclosure status, depression status, uses of reminding methods, and uses of other drugs besides ART were factors associated with non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents. Support from peers and family can promote adolescent's adherence, as it buffers the stress associated with the illness, encourages optimism, reduces depression, and improves healthful behaviors. The provision of health education on the importance of treatments and needs for adherence should be encouraged. Uses of reminding methods, continuous monitoring of clients on ART regarding the uses of medications other than antiretroviral therapy is important.
Novel mutation in the TGFBI gene in a Moroccan family with atypical corneal dystrophy: a case report
Authors: BENBOUCHTA Yahya , JAOUAD Imane CHERKAOUI , TAZI Habiba , ELORCH Hamza , OUHENACH Mouna , ZRHIDRI Abdelali , SADKI Khalid , SEFIANI Abdelaziz , LYAHYAI Jaber , BERRAHO Amina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Corneal dystrophies (CDs) are a heterogeneous group of bilateral, genetically determined, noninflammatory bilateral corneal diseases that are usually limited to the cornea. CD is characterized by a large variability in the age of onset, evolution and visual impact and the accumulation of insoluble deposits at different depths in the cornea. Clinical symptoms revealed bilateral multiple superficial, epithelial, and stromal anterior granular opacities in different stages of severity among three patients of this family. A total of 99 genes are involved in CDs. The aim of this study was to identify pathogenic variants causing atypical corneal dystrophy in a large Moroccan family and to describe the clinical phenotype with severely different stages of evolution. Case presentation: In this study, we report a large Moroccan family with CD. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in the three affected members who shared a phenotype of corneal dystrophy in different stages of severity. Variant validation and familial segregation were performed by Sanger sequencing in affected sisters and mothers and in two unaffected brothers. Whole-exome sequencing showed a novel heterozygous mutation (c.1772C>A; p.Ser591Tyr) in the TGFBI gene. Clinical examinations demonstrated bilaterally multiple superficial, epithelial and stromal anterior granular opacities in different stages of severity among three patients in this family. Conclusions: This report describes a novel mutation in the TGFBI gene found in three family members affected by different phenotypic aspects. This mutation is associated with Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy; therefore, it could be considered a novel phenotype genotype correlation, which will help in genetic counselling for this family.
The enhanced pyrocatalysis of the pyroelectric BiFeO3/g-C3N4 heterostructure for dye decomposition driven by cold-hot temperature alternation
Authors: Chen Mingzi , Jia Yanmin , Li Huamei , Wu Zheng , Huang Tianyin , Zhang Hongfang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The BiFeO3/g-C3N4 heterostructure, which is fabricated via a simple mixing-calcining method, benefits the significant enhancement of the pyrocatalytic performance. With the growth of g-C3N4 content in the heterostructure pyrocatalysts from 0 to 25 %, the decomposition ratio of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye after 18 cold-hot temperature fluctuation (25 oC - 65 oC) cycles increases at first and then decreases, reaching a maximum value of ~ 94.2 % at 10 % while that of the pure BiFeO3 is ~ 67.7 %. The enhanced dye decomposition may be due to the generation of the internal electric field which strengthens the separation of the positive and negative carriers and further accelerates their migrations. The intermediate products in the pyrocatalytic reaction also have been detected and confirmed, which proves the key role of the pyroelectric effect in realizing the dye decomposition using BiFeO3/g-C3N4 heterostructure catalyst. The pyroelectric BiFeO3/g-C3N4 heterostructure shows the potential application in pyrocatalytically degrading dye wastewater.
Breast Cancer Resistance Protein and Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 Mediate the Disposition of Leonurine-10-O-β-glucuronide
Authors: Li Xiaocui , Xie Yushan , Qu Wei , Ou Xiaojun , Ou Xiaowen , Wang Chuang , Qi Xiaoxiao , Wang Ying , Liu Zhongqiu , Zhu Lijun 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Leonurine (Leo), a promising antilipemic agent that has been approved for clinical
trials, is extensively metabolized into bioactive Leonurine-10-O-β-glucuronide (L-10-G) vivo.

Objective:
To explore the effects of breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) and multidrug resistance protein 2
(Mrp2) on the disposition of L-10-G.

Methods:
The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and intestinal perfusion of Leo were studied by using efflux
transporter gene knockout mouse models. The enzyme kinetics via liver and intestinal microsomes were also examined.

Results:
After intravenous injection with Leo, the AUC0-∞ values of L-10-G in Bcrp1-/- and Mrp2-/- mice were
1.55-fold and 16.80-fold higher, respectively, than those in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05). After oral administration,
the AUC0-∞ value of L-10-G showed a 2.82-fold increase in Mrp2-/- mice compared with wild-type FVB
mice (P < 0.05). After gavage with Leo for 10 and 25 min, the bile accumulation of L-10-G in Mrp2-/- mice was
3-fold and 22-fold lower, respectively, than that in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05). Besides, the intestinal excreted
amount of L-10-G showed 2.22-fold and 2.68-fold decrease in Bcrp1-/- and Mrp2-/- mice, respectively,
compared with that in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05). The clearance of L-10-G decreased in liver microsomes
and increased in intestinal microsomes of Bcrp1-/- and Mrp2-/- mice compared to the wild-type FVB mice (P <
0.05).

Conclusion:
Both Bcrp and Mrp2 are involved in the disposition of L-10-G, and Mrp2 exhibits a superior influence.
Establishment of a Mouse Asthenospermia Model through Triggering D-Galactose Mediated Oxidative Stress Injury
Authors: Liu Nanjun , Wang Qianxing , Li Lin , Lu Jian 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Asthenospermia is defined as the forward motility of sperm less than
32%.

Aim/Objective:
This study aimed to establish a mouse model of asthenospermia through triggering
D-galactose mediated oxidative stress.

Methods:
A total of 40 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into control group, low-dose
group (administrating D-galactose at 60 mg/kg), high-dose group (administrating D-galactose at
120 mg/kg), and high-dose+feed addition group (administrating D-galactose at 120 mg/kg together
with oral D-galactose). The testicular weight, testicular organ coefficient, sperm viability, sperm
concentration, and survival rate of the tail of epididymis were measured. Oxidative damage of D--
galactose to the reproductive system of mice was evaluated by measuring superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testicular homogenate of mice.

Results:
The sperm motility, motility rate, concentration, and survival rate of low-dose, high-dose
and high-dose+feed addition group were decreased, compared to that in the control group. However,
there background:was a significant difference between high-dose group/high dose+feed group
and the control group (p<0.05): the forward motile sperm motility rate and total motility rate are accorded
with critical criteria of asthenospermia. As compared with the control group, the activity of
SOD of model group mice significantly decreased, and MDA concentration significantly increased
(p<0.05), except for low-dose versus control group for SOD activity. This suggests that testicular
tissues suffered from oxidative damage.

Conclusions:
This study successfully established a mouse asthenospermia model through D-galactose
mediated oxidative stress injury. The establishment of asthenospermia model in this study
would provide new promising insight and act as a potential approach for studying asthenospermia
in vivo levels.
The Effectiveness of Role-Playing Methods on Student’s Critical Thinking Skills in “Interaction Between Creatures And Its Surroundings” Topic in Junior Highschool 1 Berbah
Authors: Adzim Ainun Khuluqun 
Published: November 2020

The goal of This research are to understand the use role playing method impact on student’s critical thinking skills and the effectiveness of role playing method on students' critical thinking skills. This research is a quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group research design. The population of this research is all of class VII of SMP Negeri 1 Berbah in academic year 2020/2021. The sampling technique in this study uses the Cluster Random Sampling method. By using the random sampling cluster technique, carrying out the class selection for the sample randomly, class D was obtained as experimental class and class C was obtained as the control class. The experiment class was using role-playing methods while the controlled class was using conventional methods. The data collection instrument consisted of pretest and posttest questions of critical thinking skills. The pretest-posttest score are used to obtain data for this study. The data analysis technique used are the prerequisite test in the form of normality and homogeneity tests and parametric statistical tests in the form of independent sample t-test, n-gain analysis and effect size. The results of this study showed that there is a significant effect in the use of role-playing methods on critical thinking skills of the students. From this study, it can be concluded that the role-playing methods are effective for the improvement of critical thinking ability of the students.
A Tese é o Candidato
Authors: Grande Humberto 
Published: November 2020

Ihering revolucionou o direito com o opúsculo: A luta pelo direito.Kirchmann abalou os alicerces da antiga ciência do direito com a sua célebreconferência: O caráter A — científico da chamada ciência do direito. Zitelmann causou profunda impressão com o seu estudinho: A s lacunas do direito.Kantorowicz alcançou idênticos resultados com a sua Luta pela ciênciado direito.
Documentário
Authors: RSP Editor 
Published: November 2020

Constitui lugar comum a respeito de nossa vida cultural o fatode não sermos amigos de conservar documentos ou prestar testemunhos.
Os homens públicos, entre nós, não se julgam obrigadosa fazer memórias, nem crêem na sua utilidade; não mantêm diários;não guardam minutas das cartas que escrevem. Daí, muitasvêzes, o espanto de alguns biógrafos ao registar que as figuras queprocuram reviver não rasgavam papéis. Foi o caso de JoaquimNabuco, assinalado por sua filha. Será, todavia, uma exceção, tãoreiterada vem sendo a queixa de historiadores ante a penúria deinformações. Anos depois de participarem dos acontecimentos,quando convocam suas reminiscências, nossos políticos e administradorestêm de admitir que, em geral, elas são vagas e traiçoeiras,e dificilmente lhes permitem reconstituir os fatos como se passaram,e menos ainda o estado de espírito, tão fugidio, que a êles presidiu.No entanto, dia a dia se torna mais importante êsse gênerode depoimento, menos pelo valor próprio, que acaso apresente, deque como sintoma de uma intensa vida cívica, que importa preservarpor todos os meios.