bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implication of the distinctive bipolar intracardiac electrograms for ventricular arrhythmias arising from different regions of ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Li Jia , Lin Weiqian , Zheng Cheng , Zhang Chi , Yu Jiji , Lin Jiafeng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Aims
To investigate the characteristics of bipolar intracardiac electrograms (bi-EGMs) in target sites of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from different regions of ventricular outflow tract (VOT).

Methods and results
Two hundred and seventy patients undergoing first-time ablation for VAs originated from distal great cardiac vein (DGCV), aortic sinus cusps (ASCs), or pulmonary sinus cusps (PSCs) were enrolled in present study. Local intracardiac bipolar recordings on 243 successful sites and 506 attempted but unsuccessful ablation sites were analysed. Specific potentials in bi-EGMs on successful sites were more common compared with unsuccessful sites (76.95%, 187/243 vs. 25.49%, 129/506, P &lt; 0.05). A total of 60.00% (81/135) patients in ASCs group presented a presystolic short-duration fractionated potential, higher than 23.21% (13/56) in DGCV and 23.08% (12/52) in PSCs (all P &lt; 0.05); 44.23% (23/52) patients in PSC group showed a presystolic high-amplitude discrete potential, while 1.79% (1/56) in DGCV and 2.22% (3/135) in ASCs (all P &lt; 0.05); 41.07% (23/56) patients in DGCV group showed bi-EGMs of presystolic long-duration multicomponent fractionated potential, which was significantly higher than 3.85% (2/52) in PSCs and 4.44%(6/135) in ASCs (all P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Distinctive morphology of bi-EGMs during VAs can be found in different regions of VOT, which probably due to changes in the arrangements of myocardial sleeves. Correct identification and better understanding of the distinctive features of these bi-EGMs with regards to the anatomic location was important, the presence of specific potentials may add help in successful ablation.
The ‘conciliar’ front of the Hundred Years’ War: Scotland, France and England at the Council of Pavia-Siena, 1423–4*
Authors: Whelan Mark 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article offers the first analysis of Anglo-Scottish tension at the general ecclesiastical council of Pavia-Siena (1423–4), where Thomas Murray, abbot of Paisley, spearheaded attacks on the English delegation in the name of the French and Scottish kingdoms with Castilian and Italian allies. Murray’s attacks illustrate how the council formed a front line in the ongoing Anglo-French conflict and that the tensions between the kingdoms of Scotland and England played out on a European stage wider than is usually recognized. While it is often dismissed as a non-event, the article establishes that Pavia-Siena formed a more significant centre for international diplomacy than historians have allowed.
Loss of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 activates OMA1 peptidase to disrupt mitochondrial cristae phenocopying patient mutations
Authors: Liu Yi-Ting , Huang Xiaoping , Nguyen Diana , Shammas Mario K , Wu Beverly P , Dombi Eszter , Springer Danielle A , Poulton Joanna , Sekine Shiori , Narendra Derek P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Dominant mutations in the mitochondrial paralogs coiled-helix-coiled-helix (CHCHD) domain 2 (C2) and CHCHD10 (C10) were recently identified as causing Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia/myopathy, respectively. The mechanism by which they disrupt mitochondrial cristae, however, has been uncertain. Using the first C2/C10 double knockout (DKO) mice, we report that C10 pathogenesis and the normal function of C2/C10 are intimately linked. Similar to patients with C10 mutations, we found that C2/C10 DKO mice have disrupted mitochondrial cristae, because of cleavage of the mitochondrial-shaping protein long form of OPA1 (L-OPA1) by the stress-induced peptidase OMA1. OMA1 was found to be activated similarly in affected tissues of mutant C10 knock-in (KI) mice, demonstrating that L-OPA1 cleavage is a novel mechanism for cristae abnormalities because of both C10 mutation and C2/C10 loss. Using OMA1 activation as a functional assay, we found that C2 and C10 are partially functionally redundant, and some but not all disease-causing mutations have retained activity. Finally, C2/C10 DKO mice partially phenocopied mutant C10 KI mice with the development of cardiomyopathy and activation of the integrated mitochondrial integrated stress response in affected tissues, tying mutant C10 pathogenesis to C2/C10 function.
Transcriptional Signatures That Define Ulcerative Colitis in Remission
Authors: Fenton Christopher G , Taman Hagar , Florholmen Jon , Sørbye Sveinung W , Paulssen Ruth H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
This study addresses whether existing specific transcriptional profiles can improve and support the current status of the definition of ulcerative colitis (UC) remission apart from the existing endoscopic, histologic, and laboratory scoring systems. For that purpose, a well-stratified UC patient population in remission was compared to active UC and control patients and was investigated by applying the next-generation technology RNA-Seq.

Methods
Mucosal biopsies from patients in remission (n = 14), patients with active UC (n = 14), and healthy control patientss (n = 16) underwent whole-transcriptome RNA-Seq. Principal component analysis, cell deconvolution methods, gene profile enrichment, and pathway enrichment methods were applied to define a specific transcriptional signature of UC in remission.

Results
Analyses revealed specific transcriptional signatures for UC in remission with increased expression of genes involved in O-glycosylation (MUC17, MUC3A, MUC5AC, MUC12, SPON1, B3GNT3), ephrin-mediated repulsion of cells (EFNB2E, EFNA3, EPHA10, EPHA1), GAP junction trafficking (TUBA1C, TUBA4A, TUBB4B, GJB3, CLTB), and decreased expression of several toll-like receptors (TLR1, TLR3, TLR5, TLR6).

Conclusions
This study reveals specific transcriptional signatures for remission. Partial restoration and improvement of homeostasis in the epithelial mucus layer and revival of immunological functions were observed. A clear role for bacterial gut flora composition can be implied. The results can be useful for the development of treatment strategies for UC in remission and may be useful targets for further investigations aiming to predict the outcome of UC in the future.
Luminous Type II supernovae for their low expansion velocities
Authors: Rodríguez Ó , Pignata G , Anderson J P , Moriya T J , Clocchiatti A , Förster F , Prieto J L , Phillips M M , Burns C R , Contreras C , Folatelli G , Gutiérrez C P , Hamuy M , Morrell N I , Stritzinger M D , Suntzeff N B , Benetti S , Cappellaro E , Elias-Rosa N , Pastorello A , Turatto M , Maza J , Antezana R , Cartier R , González L , Haislip J B , Kouprianov V , López P , Marchi-Lasch S , Reichart D 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
We present optical and near-infrared data of three Type II supernovae (SNe II), SN 2008bm, SN 2009aj, and SN 2009au. These SNe display the following common characteristics: signs of early interaction of the ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM), blue B − V colours, weakness of metal lines, low expansion velocities, and V-band absolute magnitudes 2–3 mag brighter than those expected for normal SNe II based on their expansion velocities. Two more SNe reported in the literature (SN 1983K and LSQ13fn) share properties similar to our sample. Analysing this set of five SNe II, which are luminous for their low expansion velocities (LLEV), we find that their properties can be reproduced assuming ejecta–CSM interaction that lasts between 4 and 11 weeks post-explosion. The contribution of this interaction to the radiation field seems to be the dominant component determining the observed weakness of metal lines in the spectra rather than the progenitor metallicity. Based on hydrodynamic simulations, we find that the interaction of the ejecta with a CSM of ∼3.6 M⊙ can reproduce the light curves and expansion velocities of SN 2009aj. Using data collected by the Chilean Automatic Supernova Search, we estimate an upper limit for the LLEV SNe II fraction to be 2–4 per cent of all normal SNe II. With the current data set, it is not clear whether the LLEV events are a separated class of SNe II with a different progenitor system, or whether they are the extreme of a continuum mediated by CSM interaction with the rest of the normal SN II population.
Phase II trial of hippocampal-sparing whole brain irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost for metastatic cancer
Authors: Westover Kenneth D , Mendel J Travis , Dan Tu , Kumar Kiran , Gao Ang , Pulipparacharuv Suprabha , Iyengar Puneeth , Nedzi Lucien , Hannan Raquibul , Anderson John , Choe Kevin S , Jiang Wen , Abdulrahman Ramzi , Rahimi Asal , Folkert Michael , Laine Aaron , Presley Chase , Cullum C Munro , Choy Hak , Ahn Chul , Timmerman Robert 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Advanced radiotherapeutic treatment techniques limit the cognitive morbidity associated with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastasis through avoidance of hippocampal structures. However, achieving durable intracranial control remains challenging.

Methods
We conducted a single-institution single-arm phase II trial of hippocampal-sparing whole brain irradiation with simultaneous integrated boost (HSIB-WBRT) to metastatic deposits in adult patients with brain metastasis. Radiation therapy consisted of intensity-modulated radiation therapy delivering 20 Gy in 10 fractions over 2–2.5 weeks to the whole brain with a simultaneous integrated boost of 40 Gy in 10 fractions to metastatic lesions. Hippocampal regions were limited to 16 Gy. Cognitive performance and cancer outcomes were evaluated.

Results
A total of 50 patients, median age 60 years (interquartile range, 54–65), were enrolled. Median progression-free survival was 2.9 months (95% CI: 1.5–4.0) and overall survival was 9 months. As expected, poor survival and end-of-life considerations resulted in a high exclusion rate from cognitive testing. Nevertheless, mean decline in Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised delayed recall (HVLT-R DR) at 3 months after HSIB-WBRT was only 10.6% (95% CI: −36.5‒15.3%). Cumulative incidence of local and intracranial failure with death as a competing risk was 8.8% (95% CI: 2.7‒19.6%) and 21.3% (95% CI: 10.7‒34.2%) at 1 year, respectively. Three grade 3 toxicities consisting of nausea, vomiting, and necrosis or headache were observed in 3 patients. Scores on the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20 remained stable for evaluable patients at 3 months.

Conclusions
HVLT-R DR after HSIB-WBRT was significantly improved compared with historical outcomes in patients treated with traditional WBRT, while achieving intracranial control similar to patients treated with WBRT plus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). This technique can be considered in select patients with multiple brain metastases who cannot otherwise receive SRS.
Vertebrobasilar Artery Encasement by Skull Base Chordomas: Surgical Outcome and Management Strategies
Authors: Champagne Pierre-Olivier , Passeri Thibault , Jabre Roland , Bernat Anne-Laure , Voormolen Eduard H , Froelich Sébastien 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Vascular encasement by skull base chordomas can increase surgical risk and hinder completeness of resection. However, the evidence behind this remains anecdotic.

OBJECTIVE
To give a better portrayal of chordomas encasing vertebrobasilar arteries mainly in regard of surgical vascular risk and its impact on extent of resection.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort study comparing skull base chordomas with encasement (≥180o encirclement) of the vertebrobasilar arteries to a control group of skull base chordomas with intradural extension. Data gathered involved pre- and postoperative volumetric analysis of the tumor, degree of encasement of involved vessel, occurrence of complication, and survival data including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS
A total of 24 patients with vertebrobasilar encasement were included in the study and an equal number of control cases were randomly selected from the same time period, totalizing 48 patients. Lower clival tumors with condyle involvement were more likely to have encasement. Gross total resection (GTR) rate was significantly lower in the encasement group (13% vs 42%, P = .023). Rates of postoperative new neurological deficit, CFS leak and 30 d postoperative mortality were not statistically different between groups. There was no statistically significant difference in mean PFS (P = .608) and OS (P = .958).

CONCLUSION
Skull base chordomas encasing vertebrobasilar arteries are highly challenging tumors. This study demonstrates that although safe resection is possible, GTR is hindered by the presence of encasement. We advocate letting the tumor's adherence to vessels lead the resection, leaving a small piece of tumor behind if adherent to the vessels.
Framed Agency
Authors: Nguyen C. Thi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this chapter, we examine games as works—that is, as authored, intentional artifacts. The chapter centers on one key features of works: that there are prescriptions for adequately encountering one. Just as you must look at a painting from the front to encounter it, you must play a game by following rules and pursuing the goals. Such prescriptions offer an attentional frame for audience members, directing their attention in a shared way. These frames, and the prescriptions that establish them, are crucial for establishing communicative stability between artist and audience, and between different audience members. The chapter concludes with a taxonomy of game types, each with its own distinctive prescriptions, which arise from the variable requirements for a player skill. Some games—party games—prescribe low-skill play. Other games—heavy strategy games—prescribe that their players become highly skilled, before they can adequately encounter and appreciate the game. Still other games—community evolution games—prescribe that players participate in an ongoing communal conversation about gaming strategy, to adequately encounter the game.
The Value of Striving
Authors: Nguyen C. Thi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapters shows how aesthetic striving play may provide some protection against value capture. In aesthetic striving play, we alternate between two very different states of mind. First, we take on the narrowed, practical, focused mode of the in-game agency. Second, we need to step back, to evaluate the experience of narrowed agency in aesthetic terms. Crucially, aesthetic judgment involves a widened and unfocused mode of attention. And aesthetic judgment involves sensitive and free judgment, unbound by explicit rules us inference. When we switch between the narrowed mode and the aesthetic mode, we take a step back from value clarity, to ask questions of value from a subtler perspective. Aesthetic striving play helps us to practice wearing our agency lightly.
Switched-On Bach and Undesired Fame (1968–1969)
Authors: Sewell Amanda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter traces the development and release of Carlos’s first album, Switched-On Bach. Her friendship with producer Rachel Elkind was crucial for the album’s inception. Elkind took the album to Columbia Records and secured the contract. Switched-On Bach was an overnight smash, and everyone from Leonard Bernstein to Hugh Downs wanted to interview Carlos about the Moog synthesizer. Because she had transitioned to female by the time Switched-On Bach was topping the charts, Carlos rarely appeared in public to promote the album. Fearful that she and her music would be ridiculed, she stayed in hiding to protect her safety and her career.
Something Went Wrong (1970–1978)
Authors: Sewell Amanda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter details the decade of the 1970s, during which Carlos remained in hiding but continued to release albums and written statements under her birth name. Most notably, she collaborated with Stanley Kubrick and created music on the Moog synthesizer for the 1971 film A Clockwork Orange. She and Rachel Elkind also released several additional albums in the mold of Switched-On Bach, as well as the proto-ambient album Sonic Seasonings. By the late 1970s, Carlos felt it was time to disclose her identity. She had missed a number of potential collaborations in the past decade, including several film projects and a meeting with Stevie Wonder.
Moving Modernism
Authors: Andrew Nell 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This book reenacts the simultaneous eruption of three spectacular revolutions—the development of pictorial abstraction, the first modern dance, and the birth of cinema—which together changed the artistic landscape of early twentieth-century Europe and the future of modern art. Rather than seeking dancing pictures or pictures of dancing, however, this study follows the chronology of the historical avant-garde to show how dance and pictures were engaged in a kindred exploration of the limits of art and perception that required the process of abstraction. Recovering the performances, methods, and circles of aesthetic influence of avant-garde dance pioneers and experimental filmmakers from the turn of the century to the interwar period, this book challenges modernism’s medium-specific frameworks by demonstrating the significant role played by the arts of motion in the historical avant-garde’s development of abstraction: from the turn-of-the-century dancer Loïe Fuller, who awakened in symbolist artists the possibility of prolonged vision; to cubo-futurist and neosymbolist artists who reached pure abstraction in tandem with the radical dance theory of Valentine de Saint-Point; to Sophie Taeuber’s hybrid Dadaism between art and dance; to Akarova, a prolific choreographer whose dancing Belgian constructivist pioneers called “music architecture”; and finally to the dancing images of early cinematic abstraction from the Lumière brothers to Germaine Dulac. Each chapter reveals the emergence of abstractionas an apparatus of creation, perception, and reception deployed across artistic media toward shared modernist goals. The author argues that abstraction can be worked like a muscle, a medium through which habits of reception and perception are broken and art’s viewers are engaged by the kinesthetic sensation to move and be moved.
The Dance of Abstract Cinema
Authors: Andrew Nell 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As a moving art, cinema was linked to dance from its earliest moments and, like dance, held an idealized position for artists of the avant-garde, from the serpentine dance films of Edison and the Lumière brothers to the abstract cinema of the interwar avant-garde. At either end, whether filming a dancing body or creating abstract montages, cinema strove to express, not a new formal image on the flat screen but the dancing effects (and affects) of motion itself. This chapter follows a series of early twentieth-century artistic engagements with cinematic abstraction. Despite varying levels of formal abstraction and representational imagery, these films are no longer concerned with reproducing a world to look upon but now an environment to look through with kinesthetic sensation and desire. In a particularly rich case, Germaine Dulac, outwardly indebted to the dance of Loïe Fuller, became her successor in choreographic cinema, engaging the multisensory body through the medium of abstraction.
Navy Combat Social Worker
Authors: Gibbons Alyssa L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this chapter the author discusses how Navy social workers have experienced their wars—caring for both sailors and marines and expands on previous Navy social work. This former Navy combat social worker takes the reader through her journey leading up to her active-duty service and the years following. She currently serves her country as a Veterans Affairs social worker with combat veterans or, as she puts it, “my people.” The author shares her personal experiences and notes the postwar adjustments that worked out despite reminders of war and the emotional adjustments. The author provides a detailed account of her postwar adaptation that will be helpful to anyone who works with war veterans and first responders.
The Professor Goes to War
Authors: Lewandowski Cathleen A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter describes the experiences of a military social worker deployed to Iraq with a combat stress unit, as well as her predeployment and postdeployment experiences. As a civilian, the author is a professor. She explores how deployment affected her academic career and her own overall process of readjustment to civilian life. She describes her main duties and activities as the only professional mental health provider and combat stress team prevention leader at the camp in southern Iraq where she was assigned. The author reflects on early life experiences that motivated her to choose social work as a profession. In terms of joining the military, the author considers how her personal travels as well as employment with U.S. Army Intelligence in Europe, during the Cold War era, contributed to her motivation to join the Army Reserves.
Combat Social Work in Afghanistan, 2009–2010
Authors: Nedegaard Randy C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter focuses on values and how they are impacted by war experiences. The author examines his own experiences as he commanded a combat stress control detachment during a major troop surge. Using an autobiographical approach, the author discusses how engrained personal values impacted his deployment and command experience, both positively and negatively. Lessons learned and case examples from this deployment experience are shared as a way to identify key aspects of military culture and the unique challenges that are faced in deployed environments. Ethical issues faced as a deployed social worker are considered along with some unique tensions that can exist between service branches while attempting to support service members struggling with combat operational stress. Finally, specific leadership lessons are shared when leading a team of mental health professionals who are dealing with stress and secondary trauma of their own.
Combat Social Work at Forward Operating Base Mehtar Lam, Afghanistan
Authors: Grinstead Dan M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter includes a description of the author’s training and experience in the Iowa Army National Guard that prepared him for his deployment to Afghanistan. The author explains: How, at age 57, he decided to join the Iowa Army National Guard, with the goal of doing something about the huge problem: increasing numbers of military service related suicides. He discusses his experience of going through the Officer’s Basic Leadership Course to celebrating his 60th birthday but shortly afterwards he was sent to Afghanistan. He describes his year there as providing combat social work services in a setting where at any time, you could be subject to a rocket or motor attack. Among the challenges leading to lessons learned was establishing trust among his clients. All were reluctant to talk with a “shrink.” An especially moving section of his chapter was about conducting a critical incident debriefing after a mass casualty event.
Introduction
Authors: Bapat Navin A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter presents the project’s key puzzle: why has the U.S. spent so much of its blood and treasure fighting terrorism since 9/11 when the risk that Americans will die from terrorism is so small, particularly in comparison to acceptable risks such as traffic or air fatalities? The discussion then presents an overview of the book’s key argument: the war represented an effort by the U.S. to cement its financial dominance by securing control over the global trade in oil and energy. The chapter concludes by discussing the scientific EITM methodology used in the study, which involves the use of formal logic coupled with statistical testing and case study analyses.