bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twilighted Homegrown Systems: The Experience of Six Traditional Electronic Health Record Developers in the Post–Meaningful Use Era
Authors: Colicchio Tiago K. , Cimino James J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to understand if and how homegrown electronic health record (EHR) systems are used in the post–Meaningful Use (MU) era according to the experience of six traditional EHR developers.
Methods We invited informatics leaders from a convenience sample of six health care organizations that have recently replaced their long used homegrown systems with commercial EHRs. Participants were asked to complete a written questionnaire with open-ended questions designed to explore if and how their homegrown system(s) is being used and maintained after adoption of a commercial EHR. We used snowball sampling to identify other potential respondents and institutions.
Results Participants from all six organizations included in our initial sample completed the questionnaire and provided referrals to four other organizations; from these, two did not respond to our invitations and two had not yet replaced their system and were excluded. Two organizations (Columbia University and University of Alabama at Birmingham) still use their homegrown system for direct patient care and as a downtime system. Four organizations (Intermountain Healthcare, Partners Healthcare, Regenstrief Institute, and Vanderbilt University) kept their systems primarily to access historical data. All organizations reported the need to continue to develop or maintain local applications despite having adopted a commercial EHR. The most common applications developed include display and visualization tools and clinical decision support systems.
Conclusion Homegrown EHR systems continue to be used for different purposes according to the experience of six traditional homegrown EHR developers. The annual cost to maintain these systems varies from $21,000 to over 1 million. The collective experience of these organizations indicates that commercial EHRs have not been able to provide all functionality needed for patient care and local applications are often developed for multiple purposes, which presents opportunities for future research and EHR development.
Finding the Calm in the Chaos: An Institutional Protocol for Anesthetic Management of a Patient for Neurosurgery during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Nedunchezhian Aishvarya Shree , Ajayan Neeraja , P. Ajay Prasad Hrishi , Prathapadas Unnikrishnan , Sethuraman Manikandan , Koshy Thomas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
“Coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) transmitted by a novel coronavirus via contact or droplet spread is a highly infectious disease, the containment of which requires vigilance and stringent infection control policies. In the backdrop of hospitals becoming hot zones and an increasing number of health care workers contracting the disease, it is crucial to formulate an approach while administering anesthesia during the testing times of COVID-19 pandemic. In this background, this comprehensive article deals with the perioperative management during this pandemic and includes risk stratification based on an innovative simple scoring system, rationale use of personal protective equipments, and infection prevention protocols. The document of updated literature, though not intended to replace any guidelines, is aimed at providing protocol to health care workers to protect themselves while providing the best care in this pandemic.
Semiotic rural landscapes and the performance of community in villages
Authors: Reershemius Gertrud 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article analyses the semiotic landscapes of 19 villages in Low German-speaking northern Germany, thus
contributing to the growing body of research in the field of semiotic landscapes in rural settings. Drawing from Blokland’s (2017) typology of community, it analyses the semiotic landscapes of the
villages as material manifestations of communicative practices and performances which create fluid, flexible configurations of
community. The analysis reveals that signage in this particular rural context reflects social processes by which individuals and
communities have constructed new images of themselves by using elements of local tradition, culture, language, and history. In
doing so, they have also carved out a specific approach to tourism for themselves, which is opposed to mass and package
tourism.
Adaptation and validation of the Self-Censorship Orientation (SCO) scale into Spanish (Adaptación y validación de la escala de Orientación a la Autocensura (OAC) al español)
Authors: Lobato Roberto M. , Sainz Mario , García-Sánchez Efraín 
Published: May 2020

Self-censorship orientation — that is, the preference to hide truthful information — is determined by multiple individual, group and contextual factors which can either generate negative consequences or subvert information flows. Due to the social relevance that self-censorship can have, this study aims to adapt and provide evidence of validity of the measures provided by the Spanish version of the Self-Censorship Orientation (SCO) scale. To do so, the scale was back-translated, and later its reliability, dimensionality and evidence of validity were evaluated in samples from three Spanish-speaking countries ( N = 1,285): Spain, Colombia and Mexico. The results showed that the adaptation to Spanish fits the two-factor structure originally proposed and that the configural and metric invariance were adequate for all three samples, as well as the relations with other constructs like identity, patriotism, authoritarianism and conformism. Generally speaking, the SCO showed adequate psychometric properties for it to be used in different Spanish-speaking settings.
Synthesis of the European ALARA network 18th workshop ‘ALARA for decommissioning and site remediation’
Authors: Andresz Sylvain , Gilchrist Julie , Gimenez Ignacio Calavia , Vermeersch Fernand 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The European ALARA Network regularly organises workshops on topical issues in radiation protection. The topic of the 18th workshop was ‘ALARA for Decommissioning and Site Remediation’. The workshop was jointly organised with the ISOE Working Group on Decommissioning (ISOE WG-DECOM) and the French Atomic Alternatives Energy and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA). The main objective was to examine the conceptual and practical aspects of the implementation of the optimisation principle (or ALARA principle) in the ‘nuclear’ and ‘non-nuclear’ sectors and also for legacy sites. This memorandum presents a synthesis of the presentations and working groups discussion that took place. It also summaries the conclusions from former EAN workshops on the same topic (1997, 2006) to highlight the commonalities and the new topics.
The theoretical scheme for applying the ALARA principle is illustrated by the various presentations of decommissioning and remediation (D&R) projects given at the workshop. The theoretical scheme includes, a starting point, the planning and implementation of the D&R strategy (including ALARA analysis) and the definition of an end-state. To lay down the foundations of ALARA, the initial characterisation should be comprehensive; considering not only radiation protection but other risks and circumstances both on site and off site. Decision-making is not trivial because many factors influence the D&R strategy and they can be addressed together using an holistic approach. A general methodology for such an approach in D&R was drafted by the participants.
Techniques are apparently industrially mature and dosimetric data suggest that good control has been achieved, however experience shows that the D&R strategy will go through multiple adaptations along the way. The management of wastes remains a challenge in many cases as well as the decision on the end-state leading to question of what is a ‘sustainable ALARA end-state?’.
The economics of indigenous water claim settlements in the American West
Authors: Sanchez Leslie , Edwards Eric C , Leonard Bryan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The American West confronts the challenge of fulfilling indigenous claims to water within the context of increasingly scarce and variable water supplies. 170 of 226 American Indian reservations have unresolved water claims that potentially exceed the region’s hydrological capacity, generating uncertainty for tribes and off-reservation water users. To help resolve key uncertainties about dispute origins and outcomes, we construct a complete and novel dataset on Indian water settlements and reservation characteristics which we then analyze using a bargaining framework from economics. We find that rapid off-reservation population growth, water scarcity, and large anticipated water entitlements catalyze disputes. When more users are involved in the negotiations, transaction costs delay settlement, increasing water insecurity. We use our findings to predict allocations for 25 ongoing water right negotiations. These estimates help bound the uncertainty facing water managers throughout the American West.
Study on the effect of emulsifiers on the pore structures of geopolymer prepared by emulsion templating
Authors: Wang Zhuangzhuang , Lu Duyou 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The metakaolin-based porous geopolymer were prepared by emulsion templating method with sunflower oil as the template agent. The effects of the type of emulsifiers with different ionic properties, including sodium stearate (SS), polyacrylamide (PAM), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which are respectively belonging to anionic, nonionic and cationic emulsifiers, on the paste viscosity, mechanical strength and pore structure of geopolymer were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the influence of emulsion template on the geopolymerization. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Image-Pro Plus (IPP) software were used to examine the pore structure of geopolymers, including pore size distribution, average size and roundness of pores. Results indicate that geopolymerization is not significantly affected by the incorporation of emulsion template, while the average size, shape and connectivity of pores in geopolymer were significantly influenced by the type of emulsifiers. With the addition of SS, PAM, and CTAB, the average pore size were 18.1, 27.4, and 11.7 μm, respectively, while the control is 18.9 μm. Both the shape regularity and open porosity of pores were increased with SS and PAM, while no significant changes with CTAB. It is promising to make geopolymer with controllable macro pore structure by adjusting the types of emulsifiers in emulsion templating method by adjusting the oil-water interfacial tension and the particle dispersion.
Investigation on the effects of the processing parameters and the number of passes on the flexural properties of polymer nanocomposite fabricated through FSP method
Authors: Farooq Umer , Khan Imran , Asif Muhammad , Hira Fatima , Hussain Ghulam , Ullah Azaz , Ahmad Syed Mukhtar , Umar Muhammad , Alhassan Mohamed Abulgasim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Flexural properties calculation helps in designing structural elements like beam, cantilever and shafts. Moreover, the flexural properties are of vital importance in engineering and industrial applications such as joints replacements. The purpose of this investigation is to study for the first time, how the friction stir processing (FSP) parameters affects the flexural properties of UHMW-PE composites reinforced with nano particles. The tool rotational speed (ψ), tool feed rate (ƒ), volume percentage (ν) of nano powder and tool shoulder temperature (τ) are selected as the process parameters. The ultimate flexural strength (UFS) and flexural yield strength (FYS) are calculated from the flexural test stress-strain diagrams. The analysis of variance is conducted which reveals that the selected parameters are significant for both UFS and FYS. Macroscopic and microscopic study shows that the FSP parameters affects the mixing of the strengthening particles and hence the flexural properties of the composite. The combinations of low level of ν with medium level values of other parameters results in the highest flexural properties. Moreover, the combinations of higher levels of τ and ψ results in material degradation. At the end, optimum conditions for the highest flexural properties are sorted out and the effect of increasing the number of passes has been investigated which significantly improve the flexural properties of the composite material.
Quantum geometric tensor away from equilibrium
Authors: Rattacaso Davide , Vitale Patrizia , Hamma Alioscia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The manifold of ground states of a family of quantum Hamiltonians can be endowed with a quantum geometric tensor whose singularities signal quantum phase transitions and give a general way to define quantum phases. In this paper, we show that the same information-theoretic and geometrical approach can be used to describe the geometry of quantum states away from equilibrium. We construct the quantum geometric tensor Q

μν
for ensembles of states that evolve in time and study its phase diagram and equilibration properties. If the initial ensemble is the manifold of ground states, we show that the phase diagram is conserved, that the geometric tensor equilibrates after a quantum quench, and that its time behavior is governed by out-of-time-order commutators (OTOCs). We finally demonstrate our results in the exactly solvable Cluster-XY model.
Wrack and ruin: Legacy hydrologic effects of hurricane-deposited wrack on hardwood-hammock coastal islands
Authors: Van Stan John T , Allen Scott T , Swanson Travis , Skinner Melissa , Gordon D Alex 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hurricanes can cause immediate catastrophic destruction of marsh vegetation and erosion of soils; however, they also have long-lasting ecological impacts. Those impacts include the deposition of tremendous amounts of saltmarsh litter (‘wrack’) onto upland ecosystems, the hydrologic effects of which have not previously been investigated. When Hurricane Irma battered the southeastern US coastline, widespread wrack deposition was reported (often exceeding 0.5 m depth), especially in vulnerable coastal hammock ecosystems: locally-elevated forests within the saltmarshes that rely on freshwater inputs from rain. We report the impacts of this deposited wrack, which has persisted for 2 years, on effective precipitation inputs to coastal hammock soils. At a coastal hammock site, wrack deposits of 22–38 cm depth were estimated to store 10.2–19.9 mm of rain, reducing net rainfall to the surface by 66% over the study period (Oct 2018–Jun 2019). Three months of calibration data collected from wrack lysimeters in the field supported this interception estimate, as only 49 mm of the total 170 mm (29%) of rain that fell on the wrack was transmitted through to the soil surface. These litter interception effects on precipitation inputs far exceed those that have been described in other ecosystems and we hypothesized that they alter the growing conditions of these precipitation-dependent trees. The marshgrass (Spartina alterniflora), from which the wrack that was studied originates, is a globally abundant native and often invasive plant; thus, understanding the duration and extent of those effects on ecohydrological processes may be crucial to managing and conserving these ecosystems, especially given rising sea levels and changing hurricane regimes.
A general approach to maximise information density in neutron reflectometry analysis
Authors: McCluskey Andrew R , Cooper Joshaniel F K , Arnold Tom , Snow Tim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Neutron and x-ray reflectometry are powerful techniques facilitating the study of the structure of interfacial materials. The analysis of these techniques is ill-posed in nature requiring the application of model-dependent methods. This can lead to the over- and under- analysis of experimental data when too many or too few parameters are allowed to vary in the model. In this work, we outline a robust and generic framework for the determination of the set of free parameters that are capable of maximising the information density of the model. This framework involves the determination of the Bayesian evidence for each permutation of free parameters; and is applied to a simple phospholipid monolayer. We believe this framework should become an important component in reflectometry data analysis and hope others more regularly consider the relative evidence for their analytical models.
Algorithms for tensor network contraction ordering
Authors: Schindler Frank , Jermyn Adam S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Contracting tensor networks is often computationally demanding. Well-designed contraction sequences can dramatically reduce the contraction cost. We explore the performance of simulated annealing and genetic algorithms, two common discrete optimization techniques, to this ordering problem. We benchmark their performance as well as that of the commonly-used greedy search on physically relevant tensor networks. Where computationally feasible, we also compare them with the optimal contraction sequence obtained by an exhaustive search. Furthermore, we present a systematic comparison with state-of-the-art tree decomposition and graph partitioning algorithms in the context of random regular graph tensor networks. We find that the algorithms we consider consistently outperform a greedy search given equal computational resources, with an advantage that scales with tensor network size. We compare the obtained contraction sequences and identify signs of highly non-local optimization, with the more sophisticated algorithms sacrificing run-time early in the contraction for better overall performance.
Plasma Cell Myeloma Presenting With Amyloid-Laden Crystal-Negative Histiocytosis
Authors: Braunstein Marc J , Petrova-Drus Kseniya , Rosenbaum Cara A , Jayabalan David S , Rossi Adriana C , Salvatore Steven , Rech Karen , Pearse Roger N , Hassane Duane C , Postley John , Jhanwar Yuliya S , Geyer Julia T , Niesvizky Ruben 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is rare in plasma cell dyscrasias, with only 3 cases reported in the setting of amyloid. No cases of crystal-negative histiocytosis coincident with multiple myeloma and amyloidosis have been reported previously.

Methods
A 58-year-old woman presented with pain due to destructive bone lesions and was found to have plasma cell myeloma (PCM) and marrow amyloid deposition associated with crystal-negative histiocytosis. Differential diagnoses included Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease, and Rosai Dorfman disease. BRAF mutations were negative, and there was no evidence of paraprotein crystals, arguing against typical CSH.

Results
The patient was treated with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone, and she subsequently underwent autologous stem cell transplant and ixazomib maintenance. She achieved complete remission with improvement of her symptoms and preserved remission after following up at 60 months.

Conclusions
We describe a case of crystal-negative histiocytosis associated with PCM. CSH is a rare disorder associated with paraprotein-producing conditions in which immunoglobulins aggregate as intracellular crystals in the lysosomes of organ-specific phagocytic macrophages. Light chain tropism in PCM can also lead to the development of amyloid deposition in organs and, in rare cases, is associated with light chain aggregation as intracellular crystals in macrophages.
Divergence in plumage, voice, and morphology indicates speciation in Rufous-capped Warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons)
Authors: Demko Alana D , Sosa-López J Roberto , Simpson Richard K , Doucet Stéphanie M , Mennill Daniel J 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe biodiversity of the Neotropics is considerable, but it is likely underestimated owing to gaps in sampling effort and a focus on using morphological features of animals to determine species differences rather than divergence in their mating signals and behavior. Recent multi-trait analyses incorporating morphological, plumage, and vocal data have allowed for more accurate quantification of tropical biodiversity. We present a comprehensive study of morphological features, plumage, and vocalizations of the Neotropical resident Rufous-capped Warbler (Basileuterus rufifrons). This species’ taxonomic status is controversial because the B. r. salvini subspecies is intermediate in plumage coloration between the neighboring B. r. delattrii and B. r. rufifrons subspecies. Using morphological and spectral plumage measurements of field and museum specimens, as well as analyses of vocalizations from field recordings and sound libraries, we compared phenotypes of all 8 currently recognized Rufous-capped Warbler subspecies, with an emphasis on delattrii, rufifrons, and salvini. We found that delattrii and rufifrons differ significantly in morphology and plumage, and that salvini is similar to rufifrons in morphology and some plumage features. Vocalizations fall into 2 distinct groups, delattrii and rufifrons-salvini, which differ in multiple spectro-temporal characteristics with no overlap between them, even among individuals in the delattrii–rufifrons zone of sympatry. Our results therefore suggest that Rufous-capped Warblers comprise 2 distinct groups: Rufous-capped Warblers (B. r. rufifrons and salvini as well as B. r. caudatus, dugesi, and jouyi) and Chestnut-capped Warblers (B. r. delattrii as well as B. r. actuosus and mesochrysus). Future genomic analysis of samples from multiple sites in Mexico and Central America will further refine our assessment of range-wide phenotypic and genetic divergence in this species complex.
TaxoNN: ensemble of neural networks on stratified microbiome data for disease prediction
Authors: Sharma Divya , Paterson Andrew D , Xu Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMotivationResearch supports the potential use of microbiome as a predictor of some diseases. Motivated by the findings that microbiome data is complex in nature, and there is an inherent correlation due to hierarchical taxonomy of microbial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), we propose a novel machine learning method incorporating a stratified approach to group OTUs into phylum clusters. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) were used to train within each of the clusters individually. Further, through an ensemble learning approach, features obtained from each cluster were then concatenated to improve prediction accuracy. Our two-step approach comprising stratification prior to combining multiple CNNs, aided in capturing the relationships between OTUs sharing a phylum efficiently, as compared to using a single CNN ignoring OTU correlations.ResultsWe used simulated datasets containing 168 OTUs in 200 cases and 200 controls for model testing. Thirty-two OTUs, potentially associated with risk of disease were randomly selected and interactions between three OTUs were used to introduce non-linearity. We also implemented this novel method in two human microbiome studies: (i) Cirrhosis with 118 cases, 114 controls; (ii) type 2 diabetes (T2D) with 170 cases, 174 controls; to demonstrate the model’s effectiveness. Extensive experimentation and comparison against conventional machine learning techniques yielded encouraging results. We obtained mean AUC values of 0.88, 0.92, 0.75, showing a consistent increment (5%, 3%, 7%) in simulations, Cirrhosis and T2D data, respectively, against the next best performing method, Random Forest.Availability and implementationhttps://github.com/divya031090/TaxoNN_OTU.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.