bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Modified Burr XII-Inverse Weibull Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations and Applications
Authors: Bhatti Fiaz Ahmad , Hamedani G. G. , Yousof Haitham M. , Ali Azeem , Ahmad Munir 
Published: December 2020

A flexible lifetime distribution with increasing, decreasing, inverted bathtub and modified bathtub hazard rate called Modified Burr XII-Inverse Weibull (MBXII-IW) is introduced and studied. The density function of MBXII-IW is exponential, left-skewed, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. Descriptive measures on the basis of quantiles, moments, order statistics and reliability measures are theoretically established. The MBXII-IW distribution is characterized via different techniques. Parameters of MBXII-IW distribution are estimated using maximum likelihood method. The simulation study is performed to illustrate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs). The potentiality of MBXII-IW distribution is demonstrated by its application to real data sets: serum-reversal times and quarterly earnings.
Effect of VKORC1 Gene Polymorphism on Warfarin Response in Razavi Khorasan Province Cardiovascular Patients
Authors: Zafari Tahmine , Ajilian Narges , Mansouri Atena , Sadr-Nabav Ariane , Esmaeili Seyed-Alireza , Jafarzadeh Esfehani Reza , Abtahi Saeed 
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: Warfarin is an anticoagulant agent used for many years in treating various clinical conditions such as thromboembolisms in cardiovascular disease. Some patients require different doses of warfarin to reach the therapeutic international normalized ratio ratio. These patients have specific demographic characteristics. Genetic polymorphisms in specific genes have been reported to be an essential factor in response to warfarin. The present study investigated the effect of these polymorphisms of genes on warfarin dose necessities in pediatric of VCORC1 gene in patients.
Material and Methods: Ninety-five patients with cardiovascular disease, who were receiving warfarin for at least three months, enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. Their genomic DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood, and the VKORC1 (rs9923231) polymorphism was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing.
Results: Among the study population, 48 patients (50.5%) had TC genotype and, 21 (22.1%) and 9 (9.5%) patients have TT and CC genotype, respectively. There was no significant relation between Warfarin dose and VCORC1 genotype in our population (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The VKORC1 polymorphism (rs9923231) did not significantly affect the warfarin required for cardiovascular disease patients. Further studies evaluating other genes such as CYP2C9 polymorphisms in our population are warranted.
Determination of Fasting Blood Sugar and Cholesterol Levels in Gotvand City
Authors: Roshanmehr Hoshang , Rostami Morad , Seyedtabib Maryam , Kamyar Naser 
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: Due to the high prevalence of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders worldwide and in Iran and as recommended by the international diabetes federation, about more investment in diabetes research in Iran, it is decided to perform of this study in the urban and rural area of Gotvad city in the Khuzestan Province of Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, among 31822 eligible people, 4138 people aged 29 years or more participated between November 2017 and March 2018. Samples were obtained from patients, and after centrifugation and separation of serum, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and total cholesterol were measured employing the Glucose and Cholesterol Assay Kit of Pars Azmun Company. Since FBS and cholesterol statuses are ordinal, an ordinal logistic regression proportional odds model was used to identify the risk factors of responses if the proportional odds assumption satisfies. Univariate analysis was performed with independent t-test and ANOVA with a Tukey post-hoc.
Results: Two models were determined, and except the area in predicting cholesterol status; all other covariates, including age, FBS value, cholesterol value, sex, and area in predicting FBS, were the significant predictors of cholesterol and FBS levels.
Conclusions: Although there where a high prevalence of FBS and cholesterol level disturbances, from 24.9% and 25.9% of the population with disturbances in serum cholesterol and glucose levels, respectively, nearly 80% and 25.9% of them are in the borderline high group and impaired fasting glucose states, respectively which can return them to a healthy state with appropriate and prompt interventions.
The Effects of Aqueous Extract of Boswellia Serrata on Memory Impairment Induced by Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Borooni Samaneh , Nourbakhsh Fahimeh , Tajbakhsh Elahe , Behshood Parisa 
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: The therapeutic effects of the olibanum, the resin of Boswellia serrata (B. serrata) from the Burseraceae family in inflammatory disease have been reported. There are more than 200 active ingredients in this resin, including Boswellic acid. It is proposed that aqueous extract of B. serrata can improve memory impairment induced by cerebral inflammation result in the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Materials and Methods: In this study, after the treatment of rats with LPS, brain toxicity induction was performed, and finally, the behavioral tests were evaluated. Following cerebral inflammation induction and treatment, behavioral performance biochemistry tests and molecular methods were assessed in all groups.
Results: LPS administration increased the duration and distance to find the platform in the Morris water maze test compared to the control group in 5 days (p<0.05 to p<0.001). Furthermore, LPS reduced the peripheral, central, and total locomotion compared to the control group (p< 0.001) in the open field test. Pretreatment with both doses of aqueous extract of B. serrata enhanced performances of the rats in Morris water maze (p<0.05 to p<0.01) and open field test (p<0.01 to p<0.001). LPS also increased hippocampus Interleukin-6, malondialdehyde levels (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Aqueous extract of B. serrata can be a useful drug in memory impairment caused by LPS-induced inflammation.
Ön çapraz bağ rekonstrüksiyonunda transtibial ve anteromedial portal tekniklerin fonksiyonel olarak karşılaştırılması
Authors: CİHAN Sema , DUMAN Evrim 
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, otojen hamstring tendon grefti kullanılarak ön çapraz bağ (ÖÇB) rekonstrüksiyonu yapılan hastalarda, transtibial (TT) ve anteromedial portal (AMP) tekniklerin fonksiyonel sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2010-2018 yılları arasında, TT ve AMP teknik ile ÖÇB rekonstrüksiyonu yapılan toplam 80 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların 40 tanesi TT teknik ile 40 tanesi AMP teknik ile ameliyat edildi. Hastaların ameliyat sonrası takiplerinde, diz hareket açıklığı (fleksiyon- ekstansiyon), eklem kararlılık testleri (Lachman, ön çekmece, pivot-shift testleri) ve fonksiyonel skorları (IKDC, Lysholm, Cincinnati and Tegner diz skorları) kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Her iki grup için ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyat sonrası yapılan ölçümler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuşsa da, TT ve AMP grupların birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmasında, diz hareket açıklığı, kararlılık ve fonksiyonel skorların sonuçları açısından fark bulunmadı.
Sonuç: Her iki grup için, otojen hamstring tendon grefti ile yapılan artroskopik ÖÇB rekonstrüksiyonunun erken fonksiyonel sonuçları tatmin edici ve benzerdir.
Laid-Back Approach and Strategic Deception: Russia’s Dual Strategy in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dharmaputra Radityo 
Published: December 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara singkat respons awal pemerintahan Rusia, di bawah pemerintahan Putin, terhadap krisis pandemi Covid-19 sejak awal Januari sampai dengan awal September ketika Rusia meluncurkan vaksin Sputnik V. Penulis berargumen bahwa respons Rusia memiliki karakteristik khas: dualitas antara pendekatan santai disertai dengan segala bentuk disinformasi serta kontranarasi dalam kerangka muslihat strategis untuk mencapai tujuan. Pola respons yang santai sejak awal telah ditampilkan oleh pemerintahan Rusia, ditandai dengan keengganan menetapkan situasi darurat sejak awal dan upaya menutupi informasi mengenai kasus positif. Pola ini lantas berlanjut dalam bentuk langkah strategis yang diambil yaitu pendelegasian kewenangan kepada pemerintah lokal dan regional. Strategi yang menurunkan resiko bagi pemerintah ini ternyata mendorong turunnya legitimasi dari rezim, sehingga pemerintah melakukan upaya tambahan dengan melakukan muslihat strategis: disinformasi dan propaganda domestik serta upaya memunculkan kontranarasi di level global demi amannya legitimasi internal rezim dan tercapainya posisi Rusia sebagai pemimpin alternatif di dunia. Kata-kata kunci: COVID-19, Rusia, rezim Putin, pendekatan santai, muslihat strategis This paper aims to describe the initial responses of the Russian government, under Putin’s administration, to the Covid-19 pandemic from early January to early September 2020 when Russia launched the Sputnik V vaccine. The author argues that Russia’s responses have distinctive characteristics: a duality between laid-back approaches accompanied by all forms of disinformation and counter-narrative in the framework of strategic deception. The Russian government has displayed a laid-back pattern of responses from the start, marked by a reluctance to establish emergencies and the efforts to cover up information regarding positive cases. This pattern then continues in the form of strategic steps taken, which is the delegation of authority to local and regional governments. This strategy, while lowering the risks for the government, precipitated the decline of the legitimacy of the regime. The government then makes additional efforts by committing strategic deception: disinformation and domestic propaganda as well as efforts to generate counter-narrative at the global level in order to secure the regime’s internal legitimacy and achieve Russia’s position as an alternative leader in the world. Keywords: COVID-19, Russia, Putin’s regime, laid-back approach, strategic deception
Influence of supplementation of vineyard soil with organic substances on nutritional status, yield and quality of ‘Black Magic’ grape (<i>Vitis vinifera L.</i>) and soil microbiological and biochemical characteristics
Authors: Tangolar Semih , Tangolar Serpil , Alkan Torun Ayfer , Ada Melike , Göçmez Selçuk 
Published: December 2020

Cost effective and environmentally friendly strategies in plant nutrition are prime considerations for sustainable viticulture in the face of ever-increasing stress factors throughout the world. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of applying different types of organic and inorganic material [control (C; no application), basaltic pumice (P), commercial dry compost (DC), pruning residue:farm manure mixture (1:2, v:v) compost (PR+FM), straw:farm manure mixture (1:2, v:v) compost (S+FM), pumice:dry compost (P+DC), pumice+straw:farm manure compost (P+(S+FM)) and pumice+pruning residue:farm manure compost (P+(PR+FM))] to ‘Black Magic’ grapevines on their agronomic and nutrient acquisition during two consecutive years: 2017 and 2018.The highest yield (6172 g/vine and 7874 g/vine) and cluster weight (411.4 g and 463.2 g) were obtained for the application of S+FM in both years. In terms of berry weight, the highest value was obtained for P+(PR+FM) in 2017, although no significant difference was found between treatments in 2018. PR+FM slightly accelerated berry ripening. The differences between macro and micro element contents of the leaves were statistically significant. The leaf mineral values obtained from pumice were generally higher whether it was applied alone or in combination with other materials. N, P, Ca, Fe and Mn concentrations were sufficient for all applications, while K, Mg and Zn values were within the limits of deficiency. Regarding CO2 production, P+(PR+FM) application in 2017 and S+FM application in 2018 gave the highest values. The effect of organic materials used on microbial biomass-C in soil was higher for S+FM in 2017 and for S+FM and P+DC in 2018 than the other treatments. The application of P+(PR+FM) in 2017 and PR+FM in 2018 had the highest efficiency in terms of dehydrogenase enzyme activity. Urease and phosphatase enzyme values showed a higher activity for P+(PR+FM) in 2017 and P+DC in 2018 than for the other treatments.In this study, we found that applications of organic and inorganic material generally provided good improvement in terms of the agronomic and nutritional properties examined. In order to be able to provide recommendations for appropriate material, it would be useful to evaluate the accumulated effects of the treatments in further research.
Dual Nationality of the Ships and its Legal Impact
Authors: Aladwan Zaid 
Published: December 2020

The international conventions for high seas had provided that each ship must have one flag only and must not change its flag during the voyage or for any reason. However, in the last years many ships have infringed this rule and had registered with other states that had allowed any foreign ships to register in their ports. These states are an open registry states, which are known as 'Flag of Convenience' states. This change of the flag during the voyage, which caused a lot of problems, was for a political and economic reasons either to make their own profit or to avoid their flag state fees. Notably, such phenomenon is considered as a maritime fraud, which will impact the maritime world and disseminate chaos on the high seas. For these reasons, this paper will highlight the duplication of the nationality for the ships issue and analyse the effects of this negative behaviour.
Assessing the Liability Convention and the Indonesian Space Act in Light of Active Debris Removal
Authors: Ardes Runggu Prilia , Nugraha Ridha Aditya 
Published: December 2020

As the orbit in outer space becomes denser, the drive to actively preserve the outer space increases. Active debris removal is the answer to this issue. It serves solemn purposes to maintain the space environment and prevent collision between space objects. This action requires high-level technology and techniques which make it prone to accidents. This article examines the applicability of Liability Convention of 1972 and Indonesian Space Act of 2013 for active debris removal and whether its provisions are sufficient for any future legal issues on this matter. A normative juridical method is used for the analysis. The Space Act from other States like France and Austria will also be briefly mentioned and compared to. At the end, it is concluded that although both of the legal instruments are suitable and applicable for active debris removal, there are still some essential aspects that need to be defined namely property and proof of fault. The paper suggests that it should be emphasized that only catalogued debris can be regarded as property, and that the term “fault” at the minimum should have a modest definition that captures the “deviation from the normal operation”.
Understanding Muslim Young Consumers on Online Shopping: The role of Customer Review, Price, Trust and Security
Authors: Rokhman Wahibur , Andiani Fajar 
Published: December 2020

<p><em>Online shopping is a</em><em>n</em><em> </em><em>ubiquitous </em><em>phenomenon among young consumers.</em><em> </em><em>The </em><em>development </em><em>of internet on transactions has </em><em>caused</em><em> fear, mistrust and risk among online consumers. The </em><em>objective</em><em> of this study is to examine the effect of product reviews, prices, transaction trust, and security transactions on decisions in Islamic millennial generation online purchases. The sample in this study is the Muslim young generation who use a lot of online shopping</em><em>s</em><em>, a</em><em> total of 120 respondents were requested to complete the questionnaires, of which 96 were returned </em><em>using a purposive sampling technique with a minimum expenditure of spending 3 times in the last 3 months. The results of this study indicate that product reviews, prices, trust and security have significant effect on online purchasing decisions.</em><em> This study also discusses the </em><em>implications, limitations, and suggestions for </em><em>the </em><em>future research</em><em>.</em><em></em></p>
МИКРОБНЫЙ КОНСОРЦИУМ НИЖНИХ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПУТЕЙ ПРИ ВНЕБОЛЬНИЧНЫХ ПНЕВМОНИЯХ, В ТОМ ЧИСЛЕ АССОЦИИРОВАННЫХ C SARS-COV-2
Authors: Катаева Любовь , Вакарина Арина , Степанова Татьяна , Степанова Ксения 
Published: December 2020

Подведены итоги полугодового исследования микробиоты нижних дыхательных путей пациентов, находящихся на стационарном лечении в пяти моногоспиталях Тюмени и Тюменской области с диагнозом внебольничная пневмония.
Установлено, что в микробном пейзаже биопроб пациентов с положительными тестами на РНК SARC-CoV-2 превалировали грамположительные кокки, преимущественно условно-патогенные микроорганизмы рода Streptococcus и грибы рода Candida. При этом бактерии семейства Enterobacteriaceae и неферментирующие грамотрицательные бактерии встречались реже, чем у пациентов без коронавирусной инфекции. В структуре патогенов лидирующее положение занимали бактерии Klebsiella pneumoniae и Acinetobacter spp. Проведенный анализ чувствительности микроорганизмов к антимикробным препаратам показал наиболее высокую резистентность у штаммов Acinetobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., коагулазонегативных Staphylococcus spp. Установлено, что в группе пациентов с внебольничной пневмонией, ассоциированной SARS-CoV-2, шансы встретить штаммы Streptococcus spp. с высокой устойчивостью к антибиотикам в 1,5 раза выше, а с учетом 95% доверительного интервала величина этого показателя колебалась в пределах от 1,1-2,1 раза.
Ключевые слова: антибиотико- и фагорезистентность, внебольничная пневмония, SARS-CoV-2, штаммы бактерий, мокрота, промывные воды бронхов, бронхоальвеолярный лаваж.
The Hematological and Blood Chemical Parameters of the Female Fat Tail Sheep Raised with Fermented Complete Feed Management
Authors: Sarmin Sarmin , Hana Amelia , Astuti Pudji , Airin Claude Mona 
Published: December 2020

The study aimed at evaluating the hematological and chemical parameters of the blood of female fat tail sheep raised with fermented complete feed (CF) management. It used 40 adult female fat tail sheep age 24-36 months and body weight in 30-35 kg and 3-4 of body condition score, which was raised in the individual stall with fermented complete feed (CF) management. Samples of blood were drawn once from the jugular vein before feeding in the morning. The results of hematological parameters were RBC (12.11±2.18 x106/µL), hemoglobin (12.40±1.96 g/dL), hematocrit (36.49±5.47%), MCV (30.46±3.38 fL), MCH (10.30±0.75 pg), MCHC (34.00±1.86 g/dL), eosinophils (3.15±7.70%), neutrophils (7.13±14.90%), lymphocytes (11.93±23.85%), and monocytes (0.30±0.88%). The results of chemical parameters were sodium (147.58±3.75 mmol/L), chloride (106.51±3.12 mmol/L), magnesium (3.66±1.38 mg/dL), albumin (3.36±0.31 g/dL) and glucose (40.28±9.12 mg/dL). The results of hematological and chemical parameters in the study could be the reference in monitoring the health of the adult female fat tail sheep raised with the fermented complete feed (CF) management.
Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism: More Common than Expected?
Authors: Behnemoon Mahsa , Laleh Elham , Sedokani Amin , Bahrami Ayatay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a relatively common health problem and the third most common cause of cardiovascular death with a 15-20 percent mortality rate. Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension is not common in acute forms of the disease, and we usually expect only mild to moderate degrees of PAH in these patients. However, we have encountered numerous cases of severe pulmonary hypertension after acute PE in our practice. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the echocardiographic findings of patients admitted with documented PE in a 5 years study of two heart centers of Urmia.Methods: In this retrospective study, the data of 183 patients with a definitive diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism based on pulmonary CT angiography have entered the study.Results: Of the 183 cases diagnosed with pulmonary embolism with an average age of 61.15 years, 45.4% were male and 54.6% were female. Shortness of breath, chest pain, and hemoptysis were seen in 88%, 49.2%, and 13.1% of patients, respectively. Tachypnea and tachycardia were the most common clinical findings with a frequency of 54.1%. Echocardiographic findings of right ventricular enlargement and right ventricular dysfunction were observed in 66.7% and 67.8% of patients, respectively and 42.1% of patients had severe pulmonary hypertension. We found a significant relationship between pulmonary artery pressure severity and shock state as well as in-hospital mortality. While only 3 patients out of 64 cases (4%) with normal or mildly elevated pulmonary artery pressure died in their hospital stay period, the mortality rate was 28.5% in patients with moderate or severe pulmonary artery hypertension (p-value=0.002).Conclusion: we found a relatively high frequency of severe pulmonary artery hypertension in patients admitted with the definite diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism and there was a significant correlation between pulmonary artery pressure severity and shock state, as well as in-hospital mortality. So, echocardiographic findings including right ventricular systolic pressure and TR velocity may have additional prognostic value in the decision making of acute PE patients and could be helpful in reducing in-hospital mortality of this complex illness provided being included in prognostic models of acute PE, based on future studies.
A Novel Closed Reduction Technique for Treating Femoral Shaft Fractures With Intramedullary Nails, Haemostatic Forceps and the Lever Principal
Authors: Shui Wei , Yang Youyin , Pi Xinling , Luo Gang , Qiao Bo , Ni Weidong , Guo Shuquan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Faster, easier, more economical and more effective versions of the minimally invasive reduction procedure for femoral shaft fractures need to be developed for use by orthopaedic surgeons. In this study, a fracture table was used to restore limb length, and long, curved haemostatic forceps and the lever principle were utilized to achieve minimally invasive reduction and intramedullary nail fixation of femoral shaft fractures.Methods: A retrospective analysis involving 20 patients with femoral shaft fractures reduced with a fracture table; long, curved haemostatic forceps; and the lever principle was conducted. The operative effect was evaluated on the basis of the operative time, reduction time, fluoroscopy time, and intraoperative blood loss.Results: All 20 cases were reduced in a closed fashion, and no conversions to open reduction were needed. The average operative time and fracture reduction time for all patients were 69.1±13.5 minutes (range, 50–100 minutes) and 6.7±1.9 minutes (range, 3–10 minutes). The fluoroscopy exposure time during the reduction process was 5–15 seconds, with an average time of 8.7±2.7 seconds. The average intraoperative blood loss was 73.5±22.5 mL (range, 50–150 mL). The patients exhibited excellent alignment in the injured limb after intramedullary nailing. Seventeen patients successfully completed a follow-up after fracture healing. The healing time ranged from 4 to 6 months.Conclusions: Displaced femoral shaft fractures in adults can be treated by a labour-saving lever technique involving fragments, 2 haemostatic forceps and soft tissue envelope-assisted closed reduction and intramedullary nail fixation. This technique is easy to perform; reduces blood loss, the fluoroscopy time and the surgical time for intraoperative reduction; and leads to excellent fracture healing.