bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural hydrogels R&D process: technical and regulatory aspects for industrial implementation
Authors: Catoira Marta Calvo , González-Payo Javier , Fusaro Luca , Ramella Martina , Boccafoschi Francesca 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince hydrogel therapies have been introduced into clinic treatment procedures, the biomedical industry has to face the technology transfer and the scale-up of the processes. This will be key in the roadmap of the new technology implementation. Transfer technology and scale-up are already known for some applications but other applications, such as 3D printing, are still challenging. Decellularized tissues offer a lot of advantages when compared to other natural gels, for example they display enhanced biological properties, due to their ability to preserve natural molecules. For this reason, even though their use as a source for bioinks represents a challenge for the scale-up process, it is very important to consider the advantages that originate with overcoming this challenge. Therefore, many aspects that influence the scaling of the industrial process should be considered, like the addition of drugs or cells to the hydrogel, also, the gelling process is important to determine the chemical and physical parameters that must be controlled in order to guarantee a successful process. Legal aspects are also crucial when carrying out the scale-up of the process since they determine the industrial implementation success from the regulatory point of view. In this context, the new law Regulation (EU) 2017/745 on biomedical devices will be considered. This review summarizes the different aspects, including the legal ones, that should be considered when scaling up hydrogels of natural origin, in order to balance these different aspects and to optimize the costs in terms of raw materials and engine.
Toward artificial governance? The role of artificial intelligence in shaping the future of corporate governance
Authors: Hilb Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article explores the impact of the ongoing progress and adaptation of artificial intelligence on the practice of the corporate governance. It applies three lenses to artificial governance—the business, technology and society lenses—to assess the desirability, feasibility and responsibility of automating board-level decision-making to ensure effective corporate governance. Based on an assessment of the potential and limitations of human and machine learning for effective board-level decision-making, the article proposes five scenarios of artificial governance, i.e. assisted, augmented, amplified, autonomous and autopoietic intelligence, that are likely to shape the governance of organizations today, tomorrow and beyond. It discusses the implications of both the governance of and the governance with artificial intelligence in the three horizons and concludes with an appeal to board members to take an active role in understanding, imagining and shaping the future of artificial governance.
In Situ UV Measurements by MSL/REMS: Dust Deposition and Angular Response Corrections
Authors: Vicente-Retortillo A. , Martínez G. M. , Rennó N. O. , Lemmon M. T. , de la Torre-Juárez M. , Gómez-Elvira J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMeasurements by the REMS/UV sensor onboard the MSL Curiosity rover constitute the first in situ dataset of UV radiation flux at the surface of Mars. Due to its position on the Curiosity deck, the UV sensor has been directly exposed to dust deposition. Inaccuracies in the original angular response calibration functions have led to discrepancies between measured and physically-expected UV fluxes when the solar zenith angle ($\theta $
θ
) relative to the rover frame is between $20^{\circ}$

20
∘

and $55^{\circ}$

55
∘

. Here we present a methodology to correct UV fluxes when $\theta < 55^{\circ}$
θ
<

55
∘

for both effects, and show results of the corrected data set for the first 2003 sols (∼3 Martian Years, MY) of the MSL mission, from L$_{\mathrm{s}} \sim 151^{\circ}$

∼

s

151
∘

in MY 31 to L$_{\mathrm{s}} \sim 149^{\circ}$

∼

s

149
∘

in MY 34. Close to noon, when $\theta $
θ
values are typically < $30^{\circ}$

30
∘

, relative differences between corrected and original UV fluxes are ∼35 – 40% on average. Outside hours close to noon, when $\theta $
θ
is typically > $30^{\circ}$

30
∘

, relative differences are greater than 100%. Measurements acquired when $20^{\circ}$

20
∘

< $\theta < 55^{\circ}$
θ
<

55
∘

represent ∼45% of the whole dataset with $\theta < 90^{\circ}$
θ
<

90
∘

. UV fluxes generated in this study are available in the NASA Planetary Data System (https://atmos.nmsu.edu/PDS/data/mslrem_1001/DATA_UV_CORRECTED/), and are important to study the effect of UV radiation on the variability of atmospheric constituents, to recreate accurate UV doses for biological laboratory experiments, to perform combined analyses of satellite and ground-based measurements, and to allow comparisons of the UV radiation environment at different locations with the upcoming ExoMars 2020 and Mars 2020 missions.
Diversity and Functions of Epilithic Riverine Biofilms
Authors: Pineda-Mora Daniel , Juárez-López Ana Laura , Toribio-Jiménez Jeiry , Leal-Ascencio Maria Teresa , Ruvalcaba-Ledezma Jesús Carlos , Castelán-Sánchez Hugo Gildardo , Aguirre-Noyola José Luis , Arp Paul Alexander 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article relates epilithic dry- and wet-seasonal bacterial biofilm composition to water quality along Río de la Sabana near Acapulco, Mexico. Samples were taken from various locations including nearly pristine upland locations, adjacent to residential floodplain developments, and immediately upstream from an estuarine lagoon. Bacterial composition was identified through sequential DNA analysis at the phylum, class, order, and family levels, with most of these categorized as heterotrophs, autotrophs, denitrifiers, nitrogen fixers, pathogens, and/or potential bioremediators based on generalized literature-sourced assignments. The results were interpreted in terms of location by extent of effluent pollution, and by dry versus wet seasonal changes pertaining to biofilm composition, related bacterial functions, and the following water quality parameters: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological and chemical oxygen demand, fecal and total bacteria counts, methylene blue active substances, electrical conductivity, and nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, and phosphate concentrations. It was found that epilithic bacterial biofilm diversity was richest during the wet season, was more varied in abundance along the upland locations, and was dominated byProteobacteriaandBacteroideteswith bioremediation and pathogen functions along effluent-receiving river locations. Low-abundance families associated with anaerobic and denitrifying functions were more prevalent during the wet season, while low-abundance families associated with aerobic, N2-fixing and pH-elevating functions were more prevalent during the dry season.
Comparison of the tissue interaction between thermal ablation and cryotherapy as treatment for cervical precancerous lesions in an ex-vivo model
Authors: de Fouw M. , Oosting R. M. , Eijkel B. I. M. , van Altena P. F. J. , Peters A. A. W. , Dankelman J. , Beltman J. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBoth cryotherapy and thermal ablation are treatment methods for cervical precancerous lesions in screening programs in resource constrained settings. However, for thermal ablation the World Health Organization stated that there is insufficient data to define a standard treatment protocol. This study used an ex-vivo model to compare the tissue interaction of both cryotherapy and thermal ablation to contribute to a treatment protocol. We used porcine tissue to measure the temperature profile over time at 0, 2, 4 and 6 mm depth. For cryotherapy the standard double freeze method was used, thermal ablation was applied for one cycle of 60 s with 100 °C. Based on literature search we used 4 mm depth as landmark for the depth of precancerous lesions, and -10 °C for cryotherapy and 46 °C for thermal ablation as critical temperature to induce cell necrosis. Cryotherapy achieved the critical temperature for tissue necrosis (-10 °C) in 3 out of 6 experiments at 4 mm depth, median minimum temperature was −9.6 °C (IQR 25–75 -15.8 °C to −4.9 °C). Thermal ablation achieved the critical temperature for tissue necrosis (46 °C) in 3 out of 7 experiments at 4 mm depth, median maximum temperature was 43.1 °C (IQR 25–75 42.3 °C to 49.9 °C). Both treatment modalities achieved tissue necrosis at 4 mm depth in our ex-vivo model. For cryotherapy the double freeze technique should be used. For thermal ablation a single application less than 60 s might not be sufficient and multiple applications should be considered.
Comparative Analysis of Pixel and Object Based Classification Approach for Rapid Landslide Delineation with the Aid of Open Source Tools in Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Asthana Harshita , Vishwakarma Chandrashekhar A. , Singh Priyadarshini , Kumar Pardeep , Rena Vikas , Mukherjee Saumitra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Landslides are the natural geomorphic processes that are essential for the landscape development. Loss of tremendous amount of life, natural resources as well as property has made this phenomenon a natural disaster. Number of researches have been done to understand this phenomenon and how to overcome this calamity with the aid of upcoming modern information services and technological advancements. Despite all these, there are still certain undocumented slope failure events due to inaccessibility and lack of a proper database. With the advancement of satellite remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS), it has certainly become easier to monitor and prepare landslide database especially in rough and rugged terrain of the Himalaya for delineation of risk zones. Free availability of high-resolution images and an open source efficient software have certainly been proved advantageous for this purpose. This paper aims at quick and accurate landslide inventory mapping, using high resolution Sentinel 2 data along with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), over which unsupervised and object-based image analysis (OBIA) was done to extract landslide features in an efficient manner. Both these processes were achieved with the aid of open source SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) software. The performances of these classifications were analyzed for their quantitative reliability in extracting the landslide features in two different areas (test area 1 and 2). In this, the object based image classification outstands, with the overall accuracy percentage difference of 17.11% higher than pixel-based classification approach in test area 1 and about 21% higher in test area 2.
Thermodynamic Modelling of Effect of Flux on the Liquidus Temperatures and Phase transitions in Coal Ash
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Venugopal R. , Soren S. , Chakravarty S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Plant shutdowns due to the accumulation of ash materials in the boilers is a commonly practiced problem in thermal power sectors. Cleaning of ash products at regular intervals need to be necessary for maintaining the good furnace operation conditions. Use of slagging technology is the best practice for the removal of high temperature ash products, in which the melting temperature of ash is lowered by using the additive technology. In this paper, the properties of ash products formed during the combustion of low grade Indian coal were analyzed in terms of proximate and ash fusion temperature analysis. The effect of flux addition on the slagging behavior of Indian coal ash was analyzed. The AFT analysis of Indian origin coal ash shows that it is of non-fusible type. The formation of high temperature stable phases like kaolinite and quartz are the reason for high AFT temperatures in Indian origin coal.
Birationally rigid Fano cyclic covers over a hypersurface containing a singular point
Authors: Foord Dominic 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFollowing on from the paper (Pukhlikov in Proc Edinb Math Soc 62(1):221–239, 2019), we prove birational superrigidity for a general Fano cyclic cover of a hypersurface containing a single isolated singular point on the base hypersurface lying off the ramification divisor, where the multiplicity of the point can be close to the degree. In particular, such a variety is not rational.
Sweeping preconditioners for stratified media in the presence of reflections
Authors: Preuß Janosch , Hohage Thorsten , Lehrenfeld Christoph 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper we consider sweeping preconditioners for time harmonic wave propagation in stratified media, especially in the presence of reflections. In the most famous class of sweeping preconditioners Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators for half-space problems are approximated through absorbing boundary conditions. In the presence of reflections absorbing boundary conditions are not accurate resulting in an unsatisfactory performance of these sweeping preconditioners. We explore the potential of using more accurate Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators within the sweep. To this end, we make use of the separability of the equation for the background model. While this improves the accuracy of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, we find both from numerical tests and analytical arguments that it is very sensitive to perturbations in the presence of reflections. This implies that even if accurate approximations to Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators can be devised for a stratified medium, sweeping preconditioners are limited to very small perturbations.
Inpatient Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gilmour Gabriela S. , Jenkins Jessica D. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT:Background:The aim of this scoping review is to describe the characteristics of patients requiring admission to hospital for functional neurological disorder (FND), assess interventions provided, and evaluate outcomes in the context of acute hospital presentation or elective admission with chronic symptoms (>3 months).Methods:A scoping review was performed. Included articles described adult patients admitted with FND to an inpatient care setting. Articles focusing on psychogenic non-epileptic attacks (PNEA) were excluded.Results:The search strategy identified 1963 citations. A total of 34 articles met inclusion criteria, with 458 patients (66% female) described. The pooled mean age of patients in all studies was 40.6 years. Eleven studies described patients with acute presentation, and 16 studies described patients with chronic FND symptoms admitted to the hospital. Motor symptoms were most common. Interventions were most commonly physiotherapy and psychotherapy. Most studies reported partial or complete resolution of symptoms.Conclusions:This scoping review summarizes the literature on the characteristics of patients admitted to the hospital, both with acute and chronic symptoms, for inpatient treatment of FND. When comparing patients with acute to those with chronic symptoms, we found that acute presentations were older (46.9 vs. 43.7 years) and had a higher representation of men (33% vs. 30%). Those presenting with chronic symptoms were more likely to not improve or relapse. We postulate that early diagnosis and inpatient rehabilitation could have a positive impact on outcomes for patients with FND.
General impulsivity in binge-eating disorder
Authors: Boswell Rebecca G. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe nature and significance of impulse-control difficulties in binge-eating disorder (BED) are uncertain. Most emerging research has focused on food-specific rather than general impulsivity. The current study examines the clinical presentation of patients with BED categorized with and without clinical levels of general impulsivity.MethodA total of 343 consecutive treatment-seeking patients with BED were categorized as having BED with general impulsivity (GI+; N = 73) or BED without general impulsivity (GI−: N = 270) based on structured diagnostic and clinical interviews. The groups were compared on demographic, developmental, and psychological features, and on rates of psychiatric and personality comorbidity.ResultsIndividuals with BED and general impulsivity (GI+) reported greater severity of eating-disorder psychopathology, greater depressive symptoms, and greater rates of comorbidity than those without general impulsivity (GI−).ConclusionsA subtype of individuals with BED and general impulsivity may signal a more severe presentation of BED characterized by heightened and broader psychopathology. Future work should investigate whether these impulse-control difficulties relate to treatment outcomes.
Anxiety, time, and agency
Authors: Berenskötter Felix 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article scrutinizes two concepts central to the ontological security framework, agency and anxiety. Its point of departure is the view that conceptions of agency are expressed in the attempt to become ontologically secure, which requires a more careful look at how humans try to satisfy the need for a ‘stable sense of Self’ by putting in place ‘anxiety controlling mechanisms’. This, in turn, raises the question what these mechanisms are supposed to control, which shifts attention to the concept of ‘anxiety’. Going back to Kierkegaard's original treatment and Heidegger's existential phenomenology, the article reviews the emergence of anxiety as a core feature of the human condition and highlights what it calls the ‘anxiety paradox’: the tendency of reflexive humans facing the freedom of being in time to attach themselves to constructs that provide a sense of temporal continuity, or certainty. The article argues that the existing ontological security literature is trapped in this paradox and therefore cannot account for radical forms of agency.
CUT-FREE COMPLETENESS FOR MODULAR HYPERSEQUENT CALCULI FOR MODAL LOGICS K, T, AND D
Authors: BURNS SAMARA , ZACH RICHARD 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate a recent proposal for modal hypersequent calculi. The interpretation of relational hypersequents incorporates an accessibility relation along the hypersequent. These systems give the same interpretation of hypersequents as Lellman’s linear nested sequents, but were developed independently by Restall for S5 and extended to other normal modal logics by Parisi. The resulting systems obey Došen’s principle: the modal rules are the same across different modal logics. Different modal systems only differ in the presence or absence of external structural rules. With the exception of S5, the systems are modular in the sense that different structural rules capture different properties of the accessibility relation. We provide the first direct semantical cut-free completeness proofs for K, T, and D, and show how this method fails in the case of B and S4.
EXCEPTIONAL LOGIC
Authors: WHITTLE BRUNO 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to argue that all—or almost all—logical rules have exceptions. In particular, it is argued that this is a moral that we should draw from the semantic paradoxes. The idea that we should respond to the paradoxes by revising logic in some way is familiar. But previous proposals advocate the replacement of classical logic with some alternative logic. That is, some alternative system of rules, where it is taken for granted that these hold without exception. The present proposal is quite different. According to this, there is no such alternative logic. Rather, classical logic retains the status of the ‘one true logic’, but this status must be reconceived so as to be compatible with (almost) all of its rules admitting of exceptions. This would seem to have significant repercussions for a range of widely held views about logic: e.g., that it is a priori, or that it is necessary. Indeed, if the arguments of the paper succeed, then such views must be given up.
Towards a bridging concept for undesirable resilience in social-ecological systems
Authors: Dornelles André Z. , Boyd Emily , Nunes Richard J. , Asquith Mike , Boonstra Wiebren J. , Delabre Izabela , Denney J. Michael , Grimm Volker , Jentsch Anke , Nicholas Kimberly A. , Schröter Matthias , Seppelt Ralf , Settele Josef , Shackelford Nancy , Standish Rachel J. , Yengoh Genesis Tambang , Oliver Tom H. 
Published: July 2020

Non-technical summary
Resilience is a cross-disciplinary concept that is relevant for understanding the sustainability of the social and environmental conditions in which we live. Most research normatively focuses on building or strengthening resilience, despite growing recognition of the importance of breaking the resilience of, and thus transforming, unsustainable social-ecological systems. Undesirable resilience (cf. lock-ins, social-ecological traps), however, is not only less explored in the academic literature, but its understanding is also more fragmented across different disciplines. This disparity can inhibit collaboration among researchers exploring interdependent challenges in sustainability sciences. In this article, we propose that the term lock-in may contribute to a common understanding of undesirable resilience across scientific fields.
Characterization of rice cultivar response to florpyrauxifen-benzyl
Authors: Wright Hannah E. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Roberts Trenton L. , Scott Robert , Hardke Jarrod , Gbur Edward E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany factors such as environment, herbicide rate, growth stage at application, and days between sequential applications can influence the response of a crop to herbicides. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new broad-spectrum, POST herbicide that was commercialized for use in U.S. rice production in 2018. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 at the Pine Tree Research Station (PTRS) near Colt, AR, and the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC), near Stuttgart, AR, to evaluate crop injury and yield response of three rice cultivars to sequential applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Greenhouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted at the Altheimer Laboratory in Fayetteville, AR, to evaluate cultivar responses when florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied at 30 or 60 g ae ha−1 to rice exposed to different temperature regimes or at various growth stages. Three rice cultivars were used in all experiments: long-grain variety ‘CL111’, medium-grain variety ‘CL272’, and long-grain hybrid cultivar ‘CLXL745’. CL111 exhibited sufficient tolerance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl with only 10% visible injury and no effect on yield. CL272 showed 15% injury 3 wk after the second application in the field experiment when applications were made 14 d apart. Additionally, 12% injury was observed in greenhouse studies when florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied at 30 g ae ha−1, averaged over various growth stages at application. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl did not reduce the yield of CL272 in field experiments, indicating that CL272 can recover from florpyrauxifen-benzyl injury. As much as 64% injury was observed for CLXL745 at 3 wk after application (WAA) when sequential herbicide applications were made 4 d apart. High levels of injury occurred in the growth chamber and greenhouse studies for this cultivar as well. Sequential applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl reduced yields of CLXL745 in nearly all treatments. Data from these experiments suggest that CL272 and CLXL745 are sensitive to sequential applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Growers must follow the prescribed guidelines for using florpyrauxifen-benzyl in these cultivars and others like it.