bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Factory-Calibrated Real-time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Improves Time in Target and HbA1c in a Multiethnic Cohort of Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The MILLENNIALS Study
Authors: Thabit Hood , Prabhu Joshi Navis , Mubita Womba , Fullwood Catherine , Azmi Shazli , Urwin Andrea , Doughty Ian , Leelarathna Lalantha 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
International type 1 diabetes registries have shown that HbA1c levels are highest in young people with type 1 diabetes; however, improving their glycemic control remains a challenge. We propose that use of the factory-calibrated Dexcom G6 CGM system would improve glycemic control in this cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a randomized crossover trial in young people with type 1 diabetes (16–24 years old) comparing the Dexcom G6 CGM system and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Participants were assigned to the interventions in random order during two 8-week study periods. During SMBG, blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was worn by each participant for 10 days at the start, week 4, and week 7 of the control period. HbA1c measurements were drawn after enrollment and before and after each treatment period. The primary outcome was time in range 70–180 mg/dL.

RESULTS
Time in range was significantly higher during CGM compared with control (35.7 ± 13.5% vs. 24.6 ± 9.3%; mean difference 11.1% [95% CI 7.0–15.2]; P &lt; 0.001). CGM use reduced mean sensor glucose (219.7 ± 37.6 mg/dL vs. 251.9 ± 36.3 mg/dL; mean difference −32.2 mg/dL [95% CI −44.5 to −20.0]; P &lt; 0.001) and time above range (61.7 ± 15.1% vs. 73.6 ± 10.4%; mean difference 11.9% [95% CI −16.4 to −7.4]; P &lt; 0.001). HbA1c level was reduced by 0.76% (95% CI −1.1 to −0.4) (−8.5 mmol/mol [95% CI −12.4 to −4.6]; P &lt; 0.001). Times spent below range (&lt;70 mg/dL and &lt;54 mg/dL) were low and comparable during both study periods. Sensor wear was 84% during the CGM period.

CONCLUSIONS
CGM use in young people with type 1 diabetes improves time in target and HbA1c levels compared with SMBG.
Review of Foreign Direct Investment in Jordan
Authors: Fernandez Manuel , Suleiman Odai Mohannad Refai , Yaseen Sereen Najati Mahmoud 
Published: July 2020

Globalization has made worldwide mobility of money extremely easy. The investors prefer to invest in places that offer attractive returns and are relatively less risky. The inflow of FDI gives developing countries access to capital that would otherwise not be available. FDI also provides much needed foreign exchange and therefore helps to adjust some of the macroeconomic imbalances in developing countries. Jordan is in the growth mode, but the resources available is limited and very often insufficient, hence they are also in the race to attract international investments. The main objectives of this study are to find out the status of Jordan as a destination for FDI, the factors that attracts FDI into Jordan, and the factors that hinder the flow of FDI into Jordan. This study is based on secondary data and covers a period of five years. The study analysis various determinants of FDI like market size, economic growth, infrastructure, political risk, corruption, labor market, raw materials, technological readiness, innovation, financial system, taxation, cost of capital and ease of doing business. The study reveals that Jordan’s position in the global FDI map is on the decline and most of its rankings by global agencies are dropping year after year.
Turnover Intention and Behavior Organizational Citizenship on Indonesian Hospital Case
Authors: Susanti Rina , Hasyim . , Rita Kemala 
Published: July 2020

Since the last 4 years the nurse turnover rate on Indonesian Hospital Case has shown an increase and reached the highest number (20.8%) in 2019 for contract nurses. If not anticipated it will disrupt the quality of service and reduce hospital performance. The high turnover rate also causes hospitals to incur additional costs for recruitment and training. Meanwhile, hospitals also need a lot of time to make nurses have the skills to provide quality care and meet the Patient Safety rules. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior on nurse turnover intention in hospital industry.
This study uses quantitative methods, to determine the causality relationship between related variables. Data processing is done quantitatively using SEM statistical test methods, to prove the hypothesis. The research sample was saturated with 282 nurses, both organic and contract, conducted since November 2019 until January 2020. Data processing is done quantitatively using the SEM statistical test method, to prove the hypothesis. Research findings: increasing OCB is an important thing to do by Indonesian Hospital Case management, because OCB is proven to increase the effect of job satisfaction in order to reduce nurse turnover intention. The voluntary attitude of nurses is the lowest OCB behavior in contract and organic nurses, so efforts are needed to improve voluntary behavior so that nurse turnover intention can be significantly increased.
The results showed nurse turnover Intention was influenced by Job Satisfaction and OCB. The indirect effect through OCB is 1.43 times greater than the direct effect of Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention. Perceptions of turnover intention for contract nurses are moderate, organic is low, job satisfaction is moderate (organic nurses are more satisfied than contract nurses), and OCB is high (organic nurses are higher than contract nurses).
Problems of Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax
Authors: Yang James G. S. , Lauricella Leonard J. 
Published: July 2020

The United States (U.S.) has a new tax law known as The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) [1]. It imposes many new provisions dealing with international tax from a U.S. perspective, including several that were designed to prevent the erosion of the U.S. tax base. This article discusses the reasons for these new anti-base erosion provisions and explains how they work. It points out some of the international tax planning techniques used by U.S. and other multinational corporations to shelter income from high taxes. It discusses the temporary and in some cases permanent disallowance of deductions for interest expense, the disallowance of royalty expenses, and the new base erosion and anti-abuse tax (BEAT). This paper also presents examples and offer tax planning strategies.
Persistent Hyperparathyroidism Post- Kidney Transplantation: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Abdul Razak Manal Khudder , Abdulkazim Zainulaabdeen 
Published: July 2020

Background and aim: Persistent hyperparathyroidism after renal transplantation, termed tertiary hyperparathyroidism, is not uncommon. We aimed to identify the prevalence of persistent hyperparathyroidism after successful kidney transplantation and to study the associated risk factors.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 63 patients who underwent renal transplantation for the first time &for at least a year. Data was collected about demographic characteristics, duration of chronic kidney disease& dialysis therapy, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and use of medications including vitamin D. Levels of serum calcium and phosphate and renal function test were recorded prior and post- transplantation. Serum parathyroid hormone was tested only post- transplantation. The association of those variable with hyperparathyroidism was studied by Pearson’s correlation. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Hyperparathyroidism was found in 53 (84.10%) patients, there was a strong positive correlation of parathyroid hormone level and serum levels of calcium and phosphate with (p-value<0.001). While the correlation was negative of parathyroid hormone level and estimated glomerular filtration rate after transplantation. None of the variables apart from hypertension was strongly associated as a risk factor before transplantation for persistant hyperparathyroidism.
Conclusions: In this single center study; more than 80% of post-transplant patients with normal transplant function, have elevated levels of parathyroid hormone more than one year after transplantation. This may have a major impact on clinical treatment guidelines. However, no association was observed between pre-transplant age, duration of transplant, duration on dialysis as risk factors for persistent hyperparathyroidism.
Usher Deafblindnes
Authors: Khamaily Mehdi , Bajjouk Salma , Bouchaar Mounia , Belmalih Mounir , Reda Karim , Oubaaz Abdelbarre 
Published: July 2020

Pigmentary retinopathy refers to a group of inherited degenerative diseases of the retina, which primarily affects the photoreceptor cells in the retina. The association with congenital hearing loss defines Usher syndrome.
Usher syndrome is a rare pathology of autosomal recessive transmission with a double sensory impairment (auditory and visual). We report the observation of a 12-year-old patient from a consanguineous marriage with congenital deafness, normal vestibular function and pigmentary retinopathy composing type 2 of Usher syndrome.
Waist Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Body Mass Index as Parameters of Obesity Among Public Secondary School Students
Authors: Ugochukwu Ebelechuku Francesca , Onubogu Chinyere Ukamaka , Okeke Kenneth Nchekwube , Ofora Victoria Chikodili , Uju Chinenye MaryQueen 
Published: July 2020

Background: Obesity in children is universal affecting all ethnicities, ages, gender and social classes. Public school children consist mainly of the less affluent strata of society, and consequently may not be opportuned to avail themselves of necessary public health interventions as their private school counterparts. Objective:This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity using various anthropometric indices and association of certain factors with obesity among public secondary school students.
Methods:A cross-sectional school-based questionnaire and physical assessment of 593 students aged 10 – 17 years in public schools in Nnewi, Southeast Nigeria was carried out.
Results: There were 289 boys and 304 girls, giving an approximate ratio of 1:1. Most of the students were from the middle and lower socio-economic levels. Girls were physically less active and consumed more junk food than the boys. The mean weight and height varied significantly with age in males, females and both sexes combined together (p <0.001). In general, girls were heavier than boys, while the boys were slightly taller than the girls. Age varied significantly with BMI (P<0.001 for girls and boys), WC (P<0.001 for girls and boys) and WHtR (p=0.034 for boys and 0.024 for girls). BMI performed better than WC and WHtR in identifying children with obesity. When compared with BMI, WC had a sensitivity of 5.2% and a specificity of 100.0% with a positive predictive value of 100.0% and a negative predictive value of 90.7%. WHtR had a sensitivity of 31.0% and a specificity of 99.8% with a positive predictive value of 94.7% and a negative predictive value of 93.0%. BMI had a strong correlation with both WC and WHtR although correlation was stronger with WC (R=704) compared to WHR (R=641). Among the students 9.8% were in the obese/overweight group, made up of 96.6% females, out of which 64.1% were older adolescents aged 15-17 years. Reduced physical activity played a major role in enhancing obesity/overweight, while socio-economic level and diet did not. After logistic regression analysis, age and sex remained significantly associated with being overweight or obese. The odds of being overweight or obese was 32 times in females compared to males and twice in in late adolescence compared to early adolescence.
Conclusion: The obesity/overweight of older adolescent public secondary school girls buttress the importance of physical exercises in curbing obesity. Although easier to perform and very specific, WC and WHtR seemed to miss many adolescents with obesity when compared to BMI. Therefore, a combination of these indices is recommended while screening adolescents for obesity.
Restoration of Microtia by Prosthetic Method: A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Kaura Sakshi Malhotra , Sharma Amit , Showkat Rukhsar 
Published: July 2020

Background: Microtia is one of the forms of ear loss and deformity. It is a congenital anomaly of the external ear. Social and psychological rehabilitation of such patients requires a prosthesis that is esthetic as well as has enough strength and texture to represent the natural ear. Because of financial constraints, some patients cannot afford the surgical procedure of grafting.
Case report: This is a case of 17 year old female with congenital missing right ear along with facial deformity due to Lower Motor Neuron facial nerve palsy.
Treatment plan: Prosthetic replacement of the missing ear was planned to improve the esthetic and social well being of the patient in an economical way.
Conclusion: a definitive management of the missing ear can be done using dental implants and bar attachment if the financial condition and social acceptance with interim prosthesis is satisfactory.
Classification of Paper Values Based on Citation Rank and PageRank
Authors: Souma Wataru , Vodenska Irena , Chitkushev Lou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The number of citations has been widely used to measure the significance of a paper. However, there is a need in introducing another index to determine superiority or inferiority of papers with the same number of citations. We determine superiority or inferiority of papers by using the ranking based on the number of citations and PageRank.

Design/methodology/approach
We show the positive linear correlation between Citation Rank (the ranking of the number of citation) and PageRank. On this basis, we identify high-quality, prestige, emerging, and popular papers.

Findings
We found that the high-quality papers belong to the subjects of biochemistry and molecular biology, chemistry, and multidisciplinary sciences. The prestige papers correspond to the subjects of computer science, engineering, and information science. The emerging papers are related to biochemistry and molecular biology, as well as those published in the journal “Cell.” The popular papers belong to the subject of multidisciplinary sciences.

Research limitations
We analyze the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) from 1981 to 2015 to calculate Citation Rank and PageRank within a citation network consisting of 34,666,719 papers and 591,321,826 citations.

Practical implications
Our method is applicable to forecast emerging fields of research subjects in science and helps policymakers to consider science policy.

Originality/value
We calculated PageRank for a giant citation network which is extremely larger than the citation networks investigated by previous researchers.
Heroes and Victims in Divided Nationalism: The Case of Namibia
Authors: Zuern Elke , Jasper James M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Heroes play a role in every nation's founding narrative, embodying a group's strength and courage, its dedication to protecting all within its fold, and its most important traditions and promises. Yet hero images and tropes have not received the attention they deserve in the social science literature on nations and nationalism. Recent theories of character work – the rhetorical construction of heroes, villains, victims, and minions – reveal the challenges of building an inclusive nationalism in post-colonial states. We engage the debates over some of Namibia's most prominent and contested heroes through the memorials dedicated to them and the commemorations honoring victims of past struggles. We study the victims that these heroes sought to defend and trace the process by which victims become heroes of endurance. The Namibian state has, after its recent independence, constructed a memorial to fallen heroes, Heroes Acre, and an Independence Memorial Museum. Alongside these state-sanctioned memorial sites, a range of citizens have sought to honor and defend their own heroes. By honoring different heroes, they have defined alternative understandings of the nation. We also demonstrate the power of victims in mobilizing present day campaigns for justice and reparations. In Namibia, as elsewhere, greater attention to victims could shift the balance of political power. This article demonstrates how a focus on struggles over the legitimacy of particular heroes and victims can provide unanticipated insights into the study of divided nationalism.
Current management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: from resection to palliative treatments
Authors: Bartolini Ilenia , Risaliti Matteo , Fortuna Laura , Agostini Carlotta , Ringressi Maria Novella , Taddei Antonio , Muiesan Paolo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common liver primary tumour after hepatocellular carcinoma and represents 20% of all the cholangiocarcinomas. Its incidence is increasing and mortality rates are rising. Surgical resection is the only option to cure the disease, despite the high recurrence rates reported to be up to 80%. Intrahepatic recurrences may be still treated with curative intent in a small percentage of the patients. Unfortunately, due to lack of specific symptoms, most patients are diagnosed in a late stage of disease and often unsuitable for resection. Liver transplantation for ICC is still controversial. After the first published poor results, improving outcomes have been reported in highly selected cases, including locally advanced ICC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, when successful in controlling tumour progression. Thus, liver transplantation should be considered a possible option within study protocols. When surgical management is not possible, palliative treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy and loco-regional treatments such as radiofrequency ablation, trans-arterial chemoembolization or radioembolization.

Conclusions
This update on the management of ICC focusses on surgical treatments. Known and potential prognostic factors are highlighted in order to assist in treatment selection.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK KASCING DAN NPK MUTIARA 16:16:16 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moenc.) SERTA BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DENGAN SISTEM TUMPANG SARI
Authors: Wahyu Hidayatullah  , T. Rosmawaty  , M. Nur  
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to examine the interactions between kascing fertilizers and mutiara NPK 16:16:16 on the growth and production of okra and shallots in the intercropping system. This research used a completely randomized factorial design, consisting of two factors. The first factor was the application of vermicompost (K), consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 750, 1500 and 2250 g/plot and the second factor was NPK 16:16: 16 (N), consisting of 4 levels, namely 0, 15, 30 and 45 g/plot, so that obtained 16 treatment combinations with 3 replications and 48 experimental units. Each unit consisted of 4 plants per plot and 2 plants are samples, so that the plant had 192 plants for okra plants and 5 plots for shallots and 2 plants was become samples with total plants of 240. Based on research results indicated that intercropping system on okra plants and shallots resulted smaller plant growth and production compared to monocultures. The interaction of kascing fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer had no significant on all observed parameters. The main effect of the dose of kascing fertilizer was a significance on all observed parameters. The best treatment was significant on a dose of kascing fertilizer of 2250 g/plot. The main effect of the 16:16:16 NPK dose was significant on all observed parameters. The best treatment was found on NPK 16:16:16 with dose of 45 g/plot.
Keywords: Kascing, Mutiara 16:16:16, Okra, Onion
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR PRODUKSI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT POLA SWADAYA DI DESA SUNGAI BULUH KECAMATAN KUANTAN SINGINGI HILIR, KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Edward Panjaitan  , Ujang Paman  , Darus  
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Palm oil is one of the potential commodities that is widely cultivated by farmers in Singingi Hilir Regency. This study aims to analyze the farmers’ characteristics and profile of oil palm farming, the use of factors of production, costs, production, income and efficiency of oil palm farming, and the effect of production factors on oil palm farming productivity. The research was conducted during 6 months, starting from September 2018 to February 2019. Survey location was selected in Sungai Buluh Village Kuantan Singingi Hilir District Kuantan Singingi Regency and samples were purposively selected as 38 farmers. The samples were farmers who have oil palm farming with age between 10-15 years. Data were collected by survey method, consisting of primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the average age of farmers was 46.32 years, the education level of farmers averaged 9.61 years, the average number of family members was 4 person with having experience on oil palm cultivation was 13.84 years. The average of farmers’ land area was 3.63 ha. The average of oil palm production cost was IDR 40,227,034/year, consisting of variable costs of IDR 39,818,783 and fixed costs of IDR 408,251. The average of oil palm production in fresh fruit bunch was 64,740 kg/year with a selling price of IDR 1,449/kg and revenue was IDR 93,813,371/year. Moreover, the profit obtained was IDR 53,586,337/year and efficiency value (RCR) was 2.33. The land area and urea fertilizer had a significant effect on palm oil productivity in Sungai Buluh Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi Regency.
Keywords:Production factors, Oil palm farming, Productivitas, Swadya pattern.
AGROINDUSTRI TEH DAUN GAHARU DI KELURAHAN SIDOMULYO BARAT KECAMATAN TAMPAN PEKANBARU (STUDI KASUS CV. GAHARU PLAZA INDONESIA)
Authors: Chandra Leonardo  , Fahrial  
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Agarwood leaf Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk is used as a raw material in the agroindustry of agarwood leaf tea. This study aimed to analyze the production cost, revenue, profit, efficiency, and value-added. This research used a survey method as a case study of the CV. Gaharu Plaza Indonesia which was conducted in Sidomulyo Barat Village, Tampan District, Pekanbaru. The results of the study showed that the agarwood leaf tea agroindustry by CV. Gaharu Plaza Indonesia is a small business or micro business. The technology in processing agarwood leaf tea is semi-mechanical and has a home industry food production certificate, a small trade business permit, and the health department. The raw material used for the one-time production process for the agro-industry of agarwood leaf tea was as much as 4 kg of agarwood leaves, with supporting materials such as jasmine flowers, tea bags, packaging boxes, standing pouch packaging, transparent roll plastic, and packaging labels. Production cost was IDR 1.715.894, the income of IDR 4.250.000, net profit of IDR 2.534.106, the added value of processing aloes into aloes leaf tea was IDR 13.269. The RCR value was 2,48 with the criteria RCR value > 1 is profitable and feasible to be developed.
Keywords: Agroindustry, Agarwood leaf tea, Value added