bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Strain Sensing Performance of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube‐Coated Spandex Fibers via Noncovalent Interactions
Authors: Chen Qin , Li Yuntao , Xiang Dong , Zheng Yongfeng , Zhu Wanqiu , Zhao Chunxia , Li Hui , Han Hongchang , Shen Yucai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOver the past decade, flexible strain sensors have been of tremendous interest due to their wide application in robotics, medical diagnostics, human motion detection, and healthcare. Herein, a fiber strain sensor is fabricated by continuously coating a layer of ultrathin multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites onto the surface of commercial spandex fiber. The effect of noncovalent functionalization of MWCNTs using 1‐pyrenecarboxylic acid (PCA) on the electrical conductivity as well as the sensing performance of the fiber sensor is investigated. The low‐cost strain sensor possesses a large workable strain (up to 200% strain), high sensitivity (gauge factor is 14 191.5 under 170–200% strain), and excellent stability (up to 1000 cycles), and regular signal responses within a wide measuring frequency range of 0.01–1 Hz are achieved with the introduction of PCA via enhanced nanotube dispersion and polymer–nanofiller interactions. Additionally, the resistance response to strain is fitted with a model based on tunneling theory to understand the sensing mechanism, and to prove that the fitted results are in agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the developed sensor is successfully applied in human motion detection, such as joint movement, facial microexpressions, and speech recognition.
Metabolic Correlates of Dopaminergic Loss in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Huber Maria , Beyer Leonie , Prix Catharina , Schönecker Sonja , Palleis Carla , Rauchmann Boris‐Stephan , Morbelli Silvia , Chincarini Andrea , Bruffaerts Rose , Vandenberghe Rik , Van Laere Koen , Kramberger Milica G. , Trost Maja , Grmek Marko , Garibotto Valentina , Nicastro Nicolas , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Lemstra Afina W. , van der Zande Jessica , Pilotto Andrea , Padovani Alessandro , Garcia‐Ptacek Sara , Savitcheva Irina , Ochoa‐Figueroa Miguel A. , Davidsson Anette , Camacho Valle , Peira Enrico , Arnaldi Dario , Bauckneht Matteo , Pardini Matteo , Sambuceti Gianmario , Vöglein Jonathan , Schnabel Jonas , Unterrainer Marcus , Perneczky Robert , Pogarell Oliver , Buerger Katharina , Catak Cihan , Bartenstein Peter , Cumming Paul , Ewers Michael , Danek Adrian , Levin Johannes , Aarsland Dag , Nobili Flavio , Rominger Axel , Brendel Matthias 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundStriatal dopamine deficiency and metabolic changes are well‐known phenomena in dementia with Lewy bodies and can be quantified in vivo by 123I‐Ioflupane brain single‐photon emission computed tomography of dopamine transporter and 18F‐fluorodesoxyglucose PET. However, the linkage between both biomarkers is ill‐understood.ObjectiveWe used the hitherto largest study cohort of combined imaging from the European consortium to elucidate the role of both biomarkers in the pathophysiological course of dementia with Lewy bodies.MethodsWe compared striatal dopamine deficiency and glucose metabolism of 84 dementia with Lewy body patients and comparable healthy controls. After normalization of data, we tested their correlation by region‐of‐interest–based and voxel‐based methods, controlled for study center, age, sex, education, and current cognitive impairment. Metabolic connectivity was analyzed by inter‐region coefficients stratified by dopamine deficiency and compared to healthy controls.ResultsThere was an inverse relationship between striatal dopamine availability and relative glucose hypermetabolism, pronounced in the basal ganglia and in limbic regions. With increasing dopamine deficiency, metabolic connectivity showed strong deteriorations in distinct brain regions implicated in disease symptoms, with greatest disruptions in the basal ganglia and limbic system, coincident with the pattern of relative hypermetabolism.ConclusionsRelative glucose hypermetabolism and disturbed metabolic connectivity of limbic and basal ganglia circuits are metabolic correlates of dopamine deficiency in dementia with Lewy bodies. Identification of specific metabolic network alterations in patients with early dopamine deficiency may serve as an additional supporting biomarker for timely diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Commissioning and beam characterization of the first gantry‐mounted accelerator pencil beam scanning proton system
Authors: Kang M. , Pang D. 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTo present and discuss beam characteristics and commissioning process of the first gantry‐mounted accelerator single room pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton system.MethodsThe Mevion HYPERSCAN employs a design configuration with a synchrocyclotron mounted on the gantry to eliminate the traditional beamline and a nozzle that contains the dosimetry monitoring chambers, the energy modulator (Energy Selector (ES)), and an Adaptive Aperture (AA). To characterize the beam, we measured the integrated depth dose (IDDs) for 12 energies, from highest energy of 227 MeV down to 28 MeV with a range difference ~ 2 cm between the adjacent energies, using a large radius Bragg peak chamber; single‐spot profiles in air at five locations along the beam central axis using radiochromic EBT3 film and cross compared with a scintillation detector; and determined the output using a densely packed spot map. To access the performance of AA, we measured interleaf leakage and the penumbra reduction effect. Monte Carlo simulation using TOPAS was performed to study spot size variation along the beam path, beam divergence, and energy spectrum.ResultsThis proton system is calibrated to deliver 1 Gy dose at 5 cm depth in water using the highest beam energy by delivering 1 MU/spot to a 10 × 10 cm2 map with a 2.5 mm spot spacing. The spot size in air varies from 4 mm to 26 mm from 227 MeV to 28 MeV at the isocenter plane with the nozzle retracted 23.6 cm from isocenter. The beam divergence of 28 MeV beam is ~ 52.7 mrad, which is nearly 22 times that of 227 MeV proton beam. The binary design of the ES has resulted in shifts of the effective SSD toward the isocenter as the energy is modulated lower. The peaks of IDD curves have a constant 80%‐80% width of 8.4 mm at all energies. The interleaf leakage of the AA is less than 1.5% at the highest energy; and the AA can reduce the penumbra by 2 mm to 13 mm for the 227 and 28 MeV energies at isocenter plane in air.ConclusionsThe unique design of the HYPERSCAN proton system has yielded beam characteristics significantly different from that of other proton systems in terms of the Bragg peak shapes, spot sizes, and the penumbra sharpening effect of the AA. The combination of the ES and AA has made PBS implementation possible without using beam transport line and range shifter devices. Different considerations may be required in treatment planning optimization to account for different design and beam characteristics.
Metabolic compounds within the porcine uterine environment are unique to the type of conceptus present during the early stages of blastocyst elongation
Authors: Walsh Sophie C. , Miles Jeremy R. , Yao Linxing , Broeckling Corey D. , Rempel Lea A. , Wright‐Johnson Elane C. , Pannier Angela K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify metabolites within the porcine uterine milieu during the early stages of blastocyst elongation. At Days 9, 10, or 11 of gestation, reproductive tracts of White cross‐bred gilts (n = 38) were collected immediately following harvest and flushed with Roswell Park Memorial Institute‐1640 medium. Conceptus morphologies were assessed from each pregnancy and corresponding uterine flushings were assigned to one of five treatment groups based on these morphologies: (a) uniform spherical (n = 8); (b) heterogeneous spherical and ovoid (n = 8); (c) uniform ovoid (n = 8); (d) heterogeneous ovoid and tubular (n = 8); and (e) uniform tubular (n = 6). Uterine flushings from these pregnancies were submitted for nontargeted profiling by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)–MS techniques. Unsupervised multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using pcaMethods and univariate analysis of variance was performed in R with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. PCA analysis of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data identified 153 and 104 metabolites, respectively. After FDR adjustment of the GC–MS and UPLC–MS data, 38 and 59 metabolites, respectively, differed (p < .05) in uterine flushings from pregnancies across the five conceptus stages. Some metabolites were greater (p  < .05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing earlier stage conceptuses (i.e., spherical), such as uric acid, tryptophan, and tyrosine. In contrast, some metabolites were greater (p < .05) in abundance for uterine flushings containing later stage conceptuses (i.e., tubular), such as creatinine, serine, and urea. These data illustrate several putative metabolites that change within the uterine milieu during early porcine blastocyst elongation.
Study of expression of genes potentially responsible for reduced fitness in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 and identification of new biomarkers of testicular function
Authors: Ergoli Manuela , Venditti Massimo , Picillo Esther , Minucci Sergio , Politano Luisa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder caused by trinucleotide CTG expansion in DMPK gene, often affecting the neighboring genes. Endocrine system is involved, resulting in hypogonadism and reproductive abnormalities, but molecular mechanisms underlying the reduced fertility observed in DM1 are very complex and partially unknown. To better characterize these mechanisms, an analysis of sperm parameters and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) values was performed in 20 DM1 patients. About 50% of them showed hypoposia and azoospermia; the remaining, despite an adequate volume of ejaculate, had oligo‐astheno‐teratozoospermia. Interestingly, the lowest AMH levels better correlated with the main sperm alterations. The pattern of expression of DMPK, SIX5, and RSPH6A genes, evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, showed a substantial reduction of the expression in both peripheral blood and in seminal plasma of patients, compared to controls. An impairment of testis‐specific RSPH6A protein expression and localization was observed in sperm protein extracts by WB analysis and in isolated spermatozoa by immunofluorescence. These results support the hypothesis that CTG expansion also affects the expression of neighboring genes and contributes to gonad defects observed in DM1, suggesting the possibility of using them as markers for normal fertility in humans.
Micronutrients in Liver Disease: Roles, Risk Factors for Deficiency, and Recommendations for Supplementation
Authors: Kozeniecki Michelle , Ludke Rachel , Kerner Jennifer , Patterson Brittney 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicronutrients are essential components of the diet and are required to maintain fundamental bodily functions. Liver disease has a profound effect on nutrient intake, metabolism of nutrients, and nutrition status, often resulting in some degree of malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiency. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies can impair metabolic processes at the cellular and biochemical level even before clinical and physical alterations are seen. It is essential that micronutrient status is evaluated as part of a comprehensive nutrition assessment for all patients with chronic or advanced liver disease. Early intervention to correct suspected or confirmed deficiencies may minimize symptoms and improve clinical outcomes and quality of life. In this narrative review, different types of liver disease and associated micronutrient abnormalities are outlined, and methods of micronutrient assessment and supplementation are discussed.
Landowner functional types to characterize response to invasive forest insects
Authors: Holt Jonathan R. , Borsuk Mark E. , Butler Brett J. , Kittredge David B. , Laflower Danelle , MacLean Meghan G. , Markowski‐Lindsay Marla , Orwig David , Thompson Jonathan R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvasive forest insects can induce tree mortality in two ways: (a) by directly harming trees; or (b) by influencing forest owners to pre‐emptively harvest threatened trees. This study investigates forest owners’ intentions to harvest trees threatened by invasive insects.Our first objective is to identify and characterize agent functional types (AFTs) of family forest owners in the northeastern United States using a set of contingent behaviour questions contained in a mail survey. We establish AFTs as a form of dimension reduction, effectively casting landowners into a typology in which each type (AFT) has distinct probabilities of tree harvesting in response to forest insects. Our analysis identifies three functional types of landowners: ‘Cutters’ (46% of respondents; high intent to harvest trees impacted by invasive forest insects), ‘Responsive Cutters’ (42% of respondents; intent sensitive to insect impact severity), and ‘Non‐cutters’ (12% of respondents; low intent to cut).Our second objective is to model AFT membership to predict the distribution of AFTs across the landscape. Predictors are chosen from a set of survey, geographic and demographic features. Our best AFT‐prediction model has three predictor variables: parcel size (hectares of forest), geographical region, and town‐level forested fraction. Application of the model provides a high‐resolution probability distribution of AFTs across the landscape.By coupling human and insect behaviour, our results allow for holistic assessments of how invasive forest insects disturb forests, inclusive of the management response to these pests.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
The linear and curvilinear relation between personality and subjective well‐being in visual artists: Perceived creation stress as a mediator
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Kexin , Chen Shuang , Zhou Yixin , Zhou Mingjie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aims of this study were to investigate the associations among personality traits, perceived creation stress, and life satisfaction in visual artists, as well as examine the mediating role of perceived creation stress. We recruited 201 visual artists in Beijing's Songzhuang art colony to participate in this study and used the Mini International Personality Item Pool‐Five‐Factor Model measure, the Perceived Creation Stress Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Extraversion and conscientiousness positively predicted life satisfaction, and conscientiousness was negatively associated with creation stress. Positive U‐shaped curvilinear relationships between personality traits and life satisfaction (neuroticism, conscientiousness, extroversion, and agreeableness) characterized the nonlinear relationship model. Meanwhile, perceived creation stress mediated the relationship between conscientiousness (both linear and quadratic) and life satisfaction. Our findings highlighted the dark‐side traits (e.g., neuroticism, introversion, low agreeableness, and conscientiousness) associated with visual artists' subjective well‐being.
Synthesis, aphicidal activity and conformation of novel insect kinin analogues as potential eco‐friendly insecticides
Authors: Zhang Chuanliang , Li Xinlu , Song Dunlun , Ling Yun , Zhou Yuanlin , Yang Xinling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe discovery of ecofriendly insecticides through a new strategy for aphid control is important because of the substantial resistance and unexpected eco‐toxicity to honeybees caused by traditional insecticides. The insect kinins, a class of multifunctional insect neuropeptides, are considered for potential application in pest control. In our previous work we developed several series of insect kinin analogues and found a promising lead II‐1 with good aphicidal activity. To seek further eco‐friendly aphicides, the optimization of II‐1 is carried out in this study.RESULTSFifteen novel Yaa3 modified analogues based on the lead II‐1 were synthesized. The aphicidal tests indicated that IV‐3, IV‐5 and IV‐10 exhibited significant activity against the soybean aphid Aphis glycines with LC50 values of 0.0029, 0.0072 and 0.0086 mmol L–1, respectively, higher than that of lead II‐1 and the commercial Pymetrozine. The molecular modeling results showed that analogues II‐1, IV‐3, IV‐5, IV‐7 and IV‐10 formed a β‐turn‐like conformation, while the conformation of analogues IV‐1, IV‐2 and IV‐9 seemed to be linear. Some structural elements favorable for the activity were proposed based on the conformation‐activity relationship of the analogues.CONCLUSIONInsect kinin analogues derived from lead II‐1 by modifying the hydrolysis site Yaa3 with natural, sterically hindered α‐ and β‐amino acids showed great potential as eco‐friendly insecticides. Inspiringly, the most active analogue IV‐3 can be a candidate for further development. The β‐turn‐like conformation and the orientation of the aromatic rings of the side chain of Phe2 and Trp4 may be critical factors beneficial to activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessment of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) transgenics expressing Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF under nethouse containment implicated an effective control against herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
Authors: Ramkumar Nikhil , Rathinam Maniraj , Singh Shweta , Kesiraju Karthik , Muniyandi Vikraman , Singh Nagendra Kumar , Dash Prasanta K , Sreevathsa Rohini 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPigeonpea is a source of quality proteins and the main constituent of a well‐balanced diet for majority of Indian population. One of the major constraints in the production of pigeonpea is a polyphagous insect pest, Helicoverpa armigera. Non‐availability of resistant sources in the germplasm and limitations in conventional breeding have been key factors for continued yield losses. Additionally, hazards of chemical fertilizers on the environment have prompted the scientific community to develop alternative strategies. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins (ICPs) have emerged as the most reliable source for the control of insect pests through transgenics.RESULTSTransgenic pigeonpea plants harboring validated Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF were developed by a non‐tissue culture based in planta transformation strategy and assessed for integration of Transfer‐DNA (T‐DNA) and efficacy against pod borer under in vitro conditions. For the first time this study demonstrates the successful evaluation of 19 transgenic pigeonpea events (11 with cry2Aa and 8 with cry1AcF) under soil and pot conditions in a nethouse containment. The stability in the performance was assessed stringently by deliberate H. armigera larval challenging. The trial identified ten promising events of both the genes that portrayed reduced damage to the herbivore.CONCLUSIONWe present the first ever successful evaluation of pigeonpea transgenics with the ability to mitigate pod borer under nethouse conditions. The transgenics depicted molecular evidence for the stability of T‐DNA integration, consistency in the expression of Cry proteins and resistance against H. armigera. These events can form a pool of useful transgenics to manage the devastating pod borer. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Laboratory selection, resistance risk assessment, multi‐resistance, and management of Tetranychus urticae Koch to bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen on cowpea
Authors: Liu Zhenxiu , Zhou Lijuan , Yao Qiang , Liu Yaqian , Bi Xiaoyang , Huang Jiguang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch is an important pest of vegetable crops worldwide. In this study, bioassays were carried out to analyze the resistance risk, multi‐resistance and management of T. urticae Koch to bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen on cowpea.RESULTSThe resistance ratios of the adult T. urticae population to bifenthrin (G16), bifenazate (G12) and cyflumetofen (G12) were 31.29, 9.38 and 5.81, respectively. Realized heritability (h
2) analysis showed that, under a selection pressure of 50–90% mortality, the generations needed to increase 10‐fold LC50 values of bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen were 3.64–8.05, 5.75–12.71, and 10.93–24.15, respectively. No obvious multi‐resistance among these three acaricides was observed. Synergist bioassay results showed that microsomal multifunctional oxidase (MFO) was involved in bifenthrin resistance of T. urticae, with a synergistic ratio of 22.38. However, MFO and GSTs were not the main factors conferring the resistance to bifenazate. MFO, glutathione S‐transferases(GSTs), together with esterase contributed to the development of the resistance to cyflumetofen. Additionally, the toxicity selection index test showed that bifenazate was safe to the natural enemy Neoseiulus barkeri (N. barkeri) with a toxicity selection index (TSI) >484.85, while bifenthrin was the least safe (TSI = 0.92).CONCLUSIONSThese results demonstrated the T. urticae developed higher resistance risk to bifenthrin compared to bifenazate and cyflumetofen and no obvious multi‐resistance among these three acaricides, providing guidance for designing appropriate strategies for the effective application of bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen in the field and delaying the development of insecticide resistance. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Nitrification is the primary source for NO in N‐saturated subtropical forest soils: Results from in situ15N labeling
Authors: Kang Ronghua , Yu Longfei , Dörsch Peter , Mulder Jan 
Published: December 2019

RationaleAcidic subtropical forest soils that receive high atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition have been identified as important sources of nitric oxide (NO). The relative importance of major processes producing NO is unclear.MethodsTo partition NO sources, we conducted an in situ tracing experiment with 15NH4NO3 and NH415NO3 in well‐drained acid soils of an N‐saturated subtropical forest in Chongqing, southwest China.ResultsIn the 15NH4NO3 treatment, the 15N signature of NO emitted from the foot of the hillslope (Lower site) was similar to that of the NH4+ pool, indicating predominant autotrophic nitrification for NO formation. In the NH415NO3 treatment, the 15N enrichment of NO was smaller than that of the NO3− pool, suggesting minor contribution of denitrification to NO production (~15%).ConclusionsNitrification is the main process responsible for NO emissions, even in monsoonal summers when soil water‐filled pore space values are relatively high.
Robotic single‐site myomectomy: A hybrid technique reducing operative time and blood loss
Authors: Won Seyeon , Lee Nara , Kim Miseon , Kim Mi Kyoung , Kim Mi‐La , Jung Yong Wook , Yun Bo Seong , Seong Seok Ju 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo introduce a hybrid robotic single‐site myomectomy (H‐RSSM) technique that includes laparoscopic single‐site myoma excision followed by robotic single‐site suture and compare its surgical outcomes with those of conventional robotic single‐site myomectomy (RSSM) using the da Vinci Si surgical system.MethodsMedical records of 89 consecutive women who underwent H‐RSSM and 131 consecutive women who underwent RSSM were retrospectively reviewed. Patients characteristics and surgical outcomes were evaluated and compared between two groups.ResultsThe H‐RSSM group had a significantly reduced operation time (98.7 ± 31.7 vs 141.4 ± 54.4 min, P < .001) and lower estimated blood loss (131.5 ± 78.1 vs 212.3 ± 189.8 mL, P < .001). Peritoneal adhesions were reported significantly more in the H‐RSSM group than in the RSSM group (27.0% vs 9.2%, P < .001).ConclusionH‐RSSM was found to be associated with reduced operative time and lower estimated blood loss. However, further prospective studies are needed to clarify these advantages.