bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La oralidad y el legado de una justicia ancestral
Authors: Cucarella Galiana Luis Andrés , Camargo Solano Álvaro , Martínez Londoño Claudia 
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo de carácter socio- jurídico, trata la importancia de la oralidad como medio comunicacional ancestral y su coincidencia posterior con el desarrollo de la lengua escrita. El objetivo central del documento es el rememorar la vigencia de la oralidad en los procesos para la impartición de justicia en el entorno contemporáneo. Se acude a soportar la revisión del tema en casos como la vigencia de la Ley de Origen en algunos grupos indígenas de Colombia y la permanencia del Tribunal de las Aguas en Valencia, España, como ejemplos de impartición de justicia oral en la actualidad. La importancia del tema radica en el relieve de la validez de la oralidad frente a la prevalencia de la escritura como archivo mnemónico. A partir del objetivo planteado, la delimitación metodológica corresponde a una investigación cuantitativa de carácter descriptivo con un enfoque socio-jurídico, del escrito se circunscribe a diversas fuentes de raíz antropológica, histórica y lingüística, para recuerdo de la importancia de la oralidad en paralelo con la aparición y permanencia del lenguaje impreso. Todo ello valida la vigencia de los mecanismos orales de justicia ya avanzado en el tercer milenio.
QUALITY OF LIFE COMPARATION IN METASTATIC BONE DISEASE PATIENT BEFORE AND AFTER SURGERY IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Mahyudin Ferdiansyah , Edward Mouli , Basuki Muhammad Hardian , Satria Rizky Agung 
Published: February 2020

Background: Metastatic bone disease is bone pathologic process caused by spread of primary tumor. The incidence of metastatic bone disease varies between 20-75% corresponds to the primary site of the malignancy. Surgery in metastatic bone disease aim to cure or palliate the morbidity caused by the disease. Operative treatment could reduce pain, improve function, control metastatic focus of the malignancy, and provide mechanical stabilization. Based on those benefits, operative treatment is important to improve quality of life in patients with metastatic bone disease. Purpose: Proved that there was a difference in the quality of life MBD patients before and after surgery.Methods: This research was a retrospective cohort on MBD patients which undergone surgery, and never given any other treatment in the course of the disease. The research was conducted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Patient sampling was done using consecutive sampling. Karnofsky score was taken from the medical record before the procedure and direct interview via phone or completing questionnaire. Data analysis was done descriptively and analytically. Statistical tests were done using Wilcoxon test.Results: 146 patients enrolled in the research. The mean age of the sample was 48.77 ± 13.34 years. The mean of Karnofsky score before and after the procedure was 53.69±13.07 and 75.54±13.69 with statistical result of p<0.001.Conclusion: The Karnofsky score in MBD patients was higher after the surgery compared to before the surgery.
Evaluation of Quality Improvement Methods for Altering Opioid Prescribing Behavior in Hand Surgery
Authors: Schommer Jillian , Allen Scott , Scholz Natalie , Reams Megan , Bohn Deborah 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The opioid epidemic in the United States continues to be problematic as morbidity and mortality rates increase yearly. Orthopaedic surgeons are the third highest prescribing group among physicians. Studies show that orthopaedic surgeons tend to overprescribe opioids, but published data on patient opioid utilization, pain management satisfaction, and national clinical practice guidelines on opioid prescribing are scarce or lacking. Furthermore, little information is available on influences on physician prescribing behavior and whether changes in prescribing habits are lasting.

Methods:
Using recently published opioid utilization and prescribing guidelines for hand surgery, we created an opioid prescribing quality improvement program with the aim of reducing postoperative opioid prescribing without negatively impacting patient pain satisfaction. The main aspect of the program was the implementation and modification of an opioid prescribing order set, but the program also included surgeon education—executed in 2 intervention steps—about how their prescribing behavior compared with that of their peers. Three phases of data representing 3 months each were collected prior to, between, and after the interventions.

Results:
Two thousand and sixty-seven hand surgery cases were reviewed (629 in Phase 1, 655 in Phase 2, and 783 in Phase 3). The average number of morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) was reduced from 142.0 in Phase 1 to 69.9 in Phase 2 (51% reduction) to 61.3 in Phase 3 (57% reduction compared with Phase 1). Significant reductions in MMEs occurred across the procedural categories as well as the hand surgeons. Patient pain satisfaction was similar before and after implementation of the first intervention (p = 0.96).

Conclusions:
Quality improvement methods were effective in altering prescribing behavior by physicians in the long term, and our approach may be effective if applied more widely. Similar studies on quality improvement methods and prescribing behavior, patient opioid utilization, and patient satisfaction with pain management are needed in other orthopaedic subspecialties.

Clinical Relevance:
Evidence-based guidelines, a quality improvement process, and unblinded information on prescribing behavior compared with that of peers may result in long-lasting reductions in surgeons’ opioid prescribing practices.
Near Real-Time Hydraulic Fracturing Event Recognition Using Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Shen Yuchang , Cao Dingzhou , Ruddy Kate , Teixeira de Moraes Luis Felipe 
Published: February 2020

Summary
This paper provides the technical details of developing models to enable automated stage-wise analyses to be implemented within the real-time completion (RTC) analytics system. The models—two of which use machine learning (ML), including the convolutional neural network (CNN) technique (LeCun et al. 1990) and the U-Net architecture (Ronneberger et al. 2015)—detect the hydraulic fracture stage start and end, identify the ball seat operation, and categorize periods of pump rate. These tasks are performed on the basis of the two reliably available measurements of slurry rate and wellhead pressure, which enable the models to run automatically in real time, and also lay the foundation for further hydraulic fracturing advanced analyses. The presented solution provides real-time automated interpretations of hydraulic fracture events, enabling auto-generation of key performance indicator (KPI) reports, dispelling the need for manual labeling, and eliminating human bias and errors. It replaces the manual tasks in the RTC workflow/data pipeline and paves the way for a fully automated RTC system.
Measuring retention in care for HIV-positive pregnant women in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) option B+ programs: the Mozambique experience
Authors: Ahoua Laurence , Arikawa Shino , Tiendrebeogo Thierry , Laheurta Maria , Aly Dario , Becquest Renaud , Dabis Francois 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Failure to retain HIV-positive pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to increased mortality for the mother and her child. This study evaluated different retention measures for women’s engagement along the continuum of care for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) option B+ services in Mozambique.
Methods : We compared ‘point’ retention (patient’s presence in care 12-month post-ART initiation or any time thereafter) with the following definitions: alive and in care 12 month post-ART initiation (Ministry of Health; MOH); attendance at a health facility up to 15-month post-ART initiation (World Health Organization; WHO); alive and in treatment at 1-, 2-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month post-ART initiation (Inter-Agency Task Team; IATT); and alive and in care 12-month post-ART initiation with ≥75% appointment adherence during follow-up (i.e. ‘appointment adherence’ retention) or with ≥75% of appointments met on time during follow-up (i.e. ‘on-time adherence’ retention). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were produced to assess variability in retention rates. We used ‘on-time adherence’ retention as our reference to estimate sensitivity, specificity, and proportion of misclassified patients.
Results : Considering the ‘point’ retention definition, 16,840 HIV-positive pregnant women enrolled in option B+ PMTCT services were identified as ‘retained in care’ 12-month post-ART initiation. Of these, 60.3% (95% CI 59.6–61.1), 84.8% (95% CI 84.2–85.3), and 16.4% (95% CI 15.8–17.0) were classified as ‘retained in care’ using MOH, WHO, and IATT definitions, respectively, and 1.2% (95% CI 1.0–1.4) were classified as ‘retained in care’ using the ‘≥75% on-time adherence’ definition. All definitions provided specificity rates of ≥98%. The sensitivity rates were 3.0% with 78% of patients misclassified according to the WHO definition and 4.3% with 54% of patients misclassified according to the MOH definition. The ‘point’ retention definition misclassified 97.6% of patients. Using IATT and ‘appointment adherence’ retention definitions, sensitivity rates (9.0% and 11.7%, respectively) were also low; however, the proportion of misclassified patients was smaller (15.9% and 18.3%, respectively).
Conclusion : More stringent definitions indicated lower retention rates for PMTCT programs. Policy makers and program managers should include attendance at follow-up visits when measuring retention in care to better guide planning, scale-up, and monitoring of interventions.
Laparoscopic orchiopexy of palpable undescended testes_ experience of a single tertiary institution with over 773 cases
Authors: You Jia , Li Gang , Li Shuang , Chen Haitao , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Discuss the superiority of laparoscopic orchiopexy in the treatment of inguinal palpable undescended testes. Methods Inclusion criteria: Preoperative examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination confirmed that the testes were located in the inguinal canal and could not be pulled into the scrotum, except for retractive and ectopic testes. The surgical steps were depicted as follow. The retroperitoneal wall was carved by ultrasonic scalpels, separates the spermatic vessels closed to the inferior pole of the kidney if necessary, dissects the peritoneum of vas deferens, cuts the testicular gubernaculum, and pulls back the testicle into the abdominal cavity. Besides, protect the vas deferens, and descend the testes to the scrotum and fix them without tension. Results There were 773 patients with 869 inguinal undescended palpable testes, 218 cases on the left side, 459 cases on the right side and 96 cases with bilateral undescended testes, whose age ranged from 6 months to 8 years, with an average of 20 months. All testes were successfully operated, no converted to open surgery. The average operation time was (34.8 ± 5.4) min. There were 692 testes have an ipsilateral patent processus vaginalis (89.5%); In 677 cases of unilateral cryptorchidism, 233 cases (34.4%) have a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure the hernia sac carry out during the surgery. There was no subcutaneous emphysema during the operation, no vomiting, no abdominal distension, no wound bleeding and obvious pain after surgery, especially wound infection is rarely. Doppler ultrasound was evaluated regularly after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. All the testes were located in the scrotum without testicular retraction and atrophy. No inguinal hernia or hydrocele was found in follow-up examination. Conclusion Laparoscopic orchiopexy manage inguinal palpable cryptorchidism is safe and effective, and there are obvious minimally invasive advantages. Furthermore, It could discover a contralateral patent processus vaginalis, and treat at the same time, which avoid the occurrence of metachronous inguinal hernia.
INTERGROWTH21st vs customized fetal growth curves in the assessment of the neonatal nutritional status: a retrospective cohort study of gestational diabetes
Authors: Alba Juan Jesus Fernández , Pazos Estefania Soto , Cortes Rocio Moreno , Sanchez Angel Vilar , Macias Carmen Gonzalez , Lara Maria Castillo , Corral Luis Moreno , Bueno Jose Antonio Sainz 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with increased incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes including newborns large for gestational age, macrosomia, preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, stillbirth, and neonatal morbidity. Thus, fetal growth should be monitored by ultrasound to assess for fetal overnutrition, and thereby, its clinical consequence, macrosomia. However, it is not clear which reference curve to use to define the limits of normality. Our aim is to determine which method, INTERGROWTH21st or customized curves, better identifies the nutritional status of newborns of diabetic mothers.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study compared the risk of malnutrition in SGA newborns and the risk of overnutrition in LGA newborns using INTERGROWTH21st and customized birth weight references in gestational diabetes. The nutritional status of newborns was assessed using the ponderal index . Additionally, to determine the ability of both methods in the identification of neonatal malnutrition and overnutrition, we calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and likelihood ratios.
Results
231 pregnant women with GDM were included in the study. The rate of SGA indentified by INTERGROWTH21st was 4.7% vs 10.7% identified by the customized curves. The rate of LGA identified by INTERGROWTH21st was 25.6% vs 13.2% identified by the customized method. Newborns identified as SGA by the customized method showed a higher risk of malnutrition than those identified as SGA by INTERGROWTH21st. (RR 4.24 vs 2.5). LGA newborns according to the customized method also showed a higher risk of overnutrition than those classified as LGA according to INTERGROWTH21st. (RR 5.26 vs 3.57). In addition, the positive predictive value of the customized method was superior to that of INTERGROWTH21st in the identification of malnutrition (32% vs 27.27%), severe malnutrition (22.73% vs 20%), overnutrition (51.61% vs 32.20%) and severe overnutrition (28.57% vs 14.89%).
Conclusions
In pregnant women with DMG, the ability of customized fetal growth curves to identify newborns with alterations in nutritional status appears to exceed that of INTERGROWTH21st
Epidemiological analysis of the Kaohsiung city strategy for dengue fever quarantine and epidemic prevention
Authors: CHEN Chun-Hong , Pan Chao Ying , Liu Wei-Liang , Su Matthew P. , Chang Te Pin , Ho Hui-Pin , Shu Pei-Yun , Huang Joh Jong , Lin Li Jen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background. Dengue is endemic in over 100 countries and is an important public health problem worldwide. Dengue is not considered endemic in Taiwan however, with importation of dengue viruses from neighboring countries via close commercial links and air travel believed to be the cause of local outbreaks. Disease control efforts have therefore focused on preventing the importation of dengue into Taiwan. Here, we investigate the relationships between numbers of imported and indigenous dengue cases to test the validity of this strategy. Methods. Dengue-fever case data from between 2013 and 2018 was obtained from the surveillance systems of the Taiwan Center for Disease Control and Kaohsiung City Health department. Standard epidemiological data, including the monthly numbers of indigenous and imported dengue cases, was calculated. Potential associations between the number of indigenous and imported cases were investigated using correlation analyses. Results. We identified a possible relationship between the period of disease concealment and the number of reported imported dengue cases which resulted in indigenous dengue-fever epidemics within local communities. Further analysis of confirmed dengue cases during previous dengue-fever epidemics in Kaohsiung City found that the risk of indigenous dengue-fever may be related to the likelihood of patients suffering from imported cases of dengue-fever staying within local communities. Conclusion. Given the correlations found between imported and indigenous dengue-fever cases, as well as the relationship between disease concealment period and risk of indigenous dengue-fever, the major priorities for disease control remain prevention of disease importation and efficient identification of dengue cases within high-risk communities.
Whole genome resequencing of the Iranian native dogs and wolves to unravel variome during dog domestication
Authors: Ghanatsaman Zeinab Amiri , Wang Guo-Dong , Nanaei Hojjat Asadollahpour , Fozi Masood Asadi , Peng Min-Sheng , Esmailizadeh Ali , Zhang Ya-Ping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Advances in genome technology have simplified a new comprehension of the genetic and historical processes crucial to rapid phenotypic evolution under domestication. To get new insight into the genetic basis of the dog domestication process, we conducted whole-genome sequence analysis of three wolves and three dogs from Iran which covers the eastern part of the Fertile Crescent located in Southwest Asia where the independent domestication of most of the plants and animals has been documented and also high haplotype sharing between wolves and dog breeds has been reported. Results: Higher diversity was found within the wolf genome compared with the dog genome. A total number of 12.45 million SNPs were detected in all individuals (10.45 and 7.82 million SNPs were identified for all the studied wolves and dogs, respectively) and a total number of 3.49 million small Indels were detected in all individuals (3.11 and 2.24 million small Indels were identified for all the studied wolves and dogs, respectively). A total of 10,571 copy number variation regions (CNVRs) were detected across the 6 individual genomes, covering 154.65 Mb, or 6.41%, of the reference genome (canFam3.1). Further analysis showed that the distribution of deleterious variants in the dog genome is higher than the wolf genome. Also, genomic annotation results from intron and intergenic regions showed that the proportion of variations in the wolf genome is higher than that in the dog genome, while the proportion of the coding sequences and 3'-UTR in the dog genome is higher than that in the wolf genome. The genes related to the olfactory and immune systems were enriched in the set of the structural variants (SVs) identified in this work. Conclusions: Our results showed more deleterious mutations and coding sequence variants in the domestic dog genome than those in wolf genome. By providing the first Iranian dog and wolf variome map, our findings contribute to understanding the genetic architecture of the dog domestication.
Contextual and individual determinants of tooth loss in adults: a multilevel study
Authors: Roberto Luana Leal , Silveira Marise Fagundes , De Paula Alfredo Mauricio Batista , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério De Barros Lima , Haikal Desirée Sant'Ana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Tooth loss represents a known marker of health inequality. The association between tooth loss and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions is evident when analyzed at an individual level. However, the effects of contextual characteristics on tooth loss need to be better investigated and understood. The objective of this study was to analyze tooth loss among Brazilian adults (35-44 years of age), in accordance with individual and contextual social characteristics. Methods: This was a multilevel cross-sectional study with data from 9,564 adult participants from the Brazilian Oral Health Survey - SBBrasil 2010. The dependent variable was the number of lost teeth and the independent variables were grouped into structural (socioeconomic & political context) and intermediary (socioeconomic position, behavioral & biological factors, and health services) determinants. Multilevel Hierarchical Negative Binomial Regression was conducted and the Mean Ratio (MR) was estimated. Results: Brazilian adults lost a mean of 7.57 (95% CI 7.1-8.1) teeth. Among the contextual variables, the number of teeth lost was higher among residents of municipalities with high and medium/low Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) and in municipalities that did not have public water fluoridation. Among the individual variables, dental loss was higher among those who declared themselves yellow/black/brown/indigenous, were older, who had lower income, who had never visited a dentist, who had used dental services for more than a year and those whose most recent visit to the dentist was due to oral health problems. On the other hand, dental loss was lower among adults with higher education levels and males. Conclusions: The number of missing teeth was associated with unfavorable contextual and individual conditions, which reinforces the need to reduce social inequality and guarantee regular, lifetime access to dental services.
Neuropathological changes in dorsal root ganglia induced by pyridoxine in dogs
Authors: Yun Sumin , Kim Woosuk , Kang Min Soo , Kim Tae Hyeong , Kim Yoonhwan , Ahn Jin-Ok , Choi Jung Hoon , Hwang In Koo , Chung Jinyoung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Pyridoxine (PDX; vitamin B6), is an essential vitamin. PDX deficiency induces various symptoms, and when PDX is misused it acts as a neurotoxicant, inducing severe sensory neuropathy. Results: To assess the possibility of creating a reversible sensory neuropathy model using dogs, 150 mg/kg of PDX was injected subcutaneously into dogs for seven days and body weight measurements, postural reaction assessments, and electrophysiological recordings were obtained. In addition, the morphology of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactive satellite glial cells and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) immunoreactive microglia/macrophages were assessed at 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the last PDX treatment. During the administration period, body weight and proprioceptive losses occurred. One day after the last PDX treatment, electrophysiological recordings showed the absence of the H-reflex in the treated dogs. These phenomena persisted over the four post-treatment weeks, with the exception of body weight which recovered to the pre-treatment level. Staining (CV and HE) results revealed significant losses of large-sized neurons in the DRG at 1 day and 1 week after PDX treatment cessation, but the losses were recovered at 4 weeks post-treatment. The Iba-1 and GFAP immunohistochemistry results showed pronounced increases in reactive microglia/macrophage and satellite glial cell at 1 day and 1 week, respectively, after the last PDX treatment, and thereafter, immunoreactivity decreased with increasing time after PDX treatment. Conclusions: The results suggest that PDX-induced neuropathy is reversible in dogs; thus, dogs can be considered a good experimental model for research on neuropathy.