bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF SUMMARIZING TECHNIQUE ON READING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Qomariyah Siti Syafi’atul 
Published: October 2020

This article is a report of experimental conducted at the second year students of SMA Kanjeng Sepuh Sidayu Gresik. This study was conducted to measure the effect of summarizing technique on reading achievement. The instrument used for collecting data was test. The data analysis showed that mean of pretest was 37,94 in experimental group and 33,68 in control group. The result of t-test of pre-test was 2,444 and t-critical was 1,684 in level of significant .05. And the mean of post-test was 74,52 in experimental group and 68,39 in control group. The difference between the two mean score is 6.13. The mean of the control group is lower than the experimental one. In which the highest score was 52 and the lowest score was 20 in control group and experimental group. From the data analysis, the writer got findings. The mean score of experimental group was 74.52 and the mean score of control group was 68.39. after applying the ANCOVA formula, it indicates that F-value was 4.117 and the critical value with the level of significance .05 was 4.00. The finding shows that students’ achievement of reading in posttest (after treatment) of experimental group was higher than control group. It was found out that summarizing technique was effective in reading achievement.
ERROR ANALYSIS IN USING “GOING TO” AND “WILL” IN SENTENCES; AT MA NW MISPALAH CENTRAL LOMBOK IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
Authors: Terasne Terasne , Sugianto Nanang 
Published: October 2020

The research entitled “Error analysis in using “going to” and” will” in sentences; at Ma NW Mispalah Central Lombok in academic year 2013/2014” is aimed to find out the errors that students make in using going to and will in sentences. The sample of this research is all of the students at MA NW Mispalah Central Lombok that consists of one class with the total 51 students. Collecting the data of the study, the researcher uses grammar test as the main instrument which was distributed to the whole samples. The four steps; identification, classification, description and explanation were used to analyzed the data in this study. The conclusion of the study concluded that the errors that students made are categorized into omissions errors, addition errors and miss-formation errors. Students omitted the “going to” and “will”, copulas and auxiliaries which must appear in the well-formed English sentences, they added going to and will and copulas which must not appear in the well-formed English sentences, they miss-formation the going to and will, copulas and auxiliaries by using the wrong forms of morphemes or structures, they also made the incorrect placement of verbs, adverbs and objects or complements of the sentences. The total percentage of miss-formation error categories, the writer found that the most likely committed by the students is miss-formation of going to and will. From 7, 2 % of miss-formation categories, about 2, 9 % are miss-formation of “going to” and “will”.
THE ETHNICITY VIEW IN KHALED HOSSEINI’S THE KITE RUNNER AND PAULO COELHO’S THE ALCHEMIST (COMPARATIVE LITERATURE STUDY)
Authors: Islam Aang Fatihul 
Published: October 2020

This article is concerned with ethnicity view in two novel namely Khaled Husain’s The Kite Runner and Paulo Coelho The Alchemist by using comparative literature approach. The problems which are proposed are (1) How are the ethnicity view in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini and The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho?, and (2) What are the similarities and the differences of the ethnicity view in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini and The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho?. To answer the problems, the researcher applies comparative literature theory and ethnicity theory and. In this study, the researcher employs a qualitative approach because several typical characteristics of qualitative are present in this study. In collecting the data the researcher uses the following procedures are used: (1) Selecting the novel, (2) reading the novel deeply, (3) selecting element of novels contain of ethnic view. After analyzing, the researcher finds After analyzing the two novels, it can be concluded that both of them have similarities and also differences. The similarities are both of novels same contain one of the conceptions driven by Marx is the primacy of the economic base over the cultural and thus superstructure. The ethnics who have economic power will control other powerless. The Kite Runner and The Alchemist clearly describe that phenomenon. The facts that people are honored because of their status and wealth are true. The tribal wars will produce the winner that has economic power for the weapons and so on. The groups of different culture are rooted economically. When once they win the tribal war by economic power, they will oppress the other ethnics which powerless in economy. In fact thus condition describe in both of novels. The differences both of those novels are: in The Kite Runner the ethnic’s sentimentalism of the powerful economics (higher structure) is stronger, meanwhile in The Alchemist the sentimentalism of the powerful economics (higher structure) is lower. Although both of them were describe of the power of economic to oppress the poor tribal.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND ENGLISH VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE OF SIXTH SEMESTER STUDENTS IN IKIP MATARAM
Authors: Sumarni Baiq 
Published: October 2020

This study focuses on finding the relationship between morphological awareness and English vocabulary knowledge of Sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram. Many researchers have conducted a number of studies to find out the most effective strategies in learning vocabulary. One of them which is discussed in this study is applying morphological awareness. The first research problem is talking about the English vocabulary size of the students. The second problem is talking about the level of the students’ morphological awareness. and the third problem is talking about the relationship between morphological awareness and the English vocabulary size of sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram. In turn, in conducting this research, the researcher uses a mixed methods. Not only quantitative analysis, descriptive statistics and other statistical tests, but also qualitative analysis are used. The data presents the students’ vocabulary size in the form of level which is adapted from the theory by Nation and Beglar (2007) and also their morphological awareness in form of level which is adapted from the theory by McBride-Chang et al (2005). This data also presents the relationship between morphological awareness and English vocabulary knowledge in form of correlation based on Pearson product-moment formula. This analysis shows that the sixth semester students in IKIP Mataram are in level 6,000 means that their results is good enough based on Beglar and nation (2007). And the results of the morphological awareness are variant. Thence, this study also found that there is relationship between the students’ vocabulary size and their morphological awareness.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN VOCABULARY MASTERY AND READING COMPREHENSION AT THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMPN 3 GUNUNGSARI
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman 
Published: October 2020

The research entitled The Correlation Between Vocabulary Mastery and Reading Comprehension aims at finding out there is whether any correlation between vocabulary mastery and reading comprehension at the second year students of SMPN 3 Gunungsari. This research was designed by using descriptive quantitative method. The research took 30 students as sample of this study. To analyses the data this research used statistic computation by product moment correlation, to get the final score. The data found that the mean score of reading comprehension was 54.4 and vocabulary was 53,6. After computing by the statistical analysis of Product Moment, the value shows 1.631 while the t-table was 1.671 and 2.390. This result of this investigation indicated that there is no significant between vocabulary and reading comprehension. The value of t-test was 1.631 is lower than 1.671 and 2.390 in 0.05 and 0.01 significant level. While the degree of freedom (df) = 60. It can be concluded that there is no correlation between vocabulary mastery and reading comprehension.
Pembuatan Biogas dari Limbah Cair Tahu Menggunakan Bakteri Indigeneous
Authors: Prayitno Prayitno , Sri Rulianah  , Hilman Nurmahdi  
Published: October 2020

Air limbah tahu merupakan bahan pencemar apabila dibuang ke lingkungan perairan karena dapat menimbulkan bau busuk, penyakit dan menurunkan konsentrasi oksigen terlarut. Pada sisi lain, air limbah tahu dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif yaitu biogas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu fermentasi, volume substrat dan waktu pengadukan terhadap produksi biogas dan gas metana. Variabel yang digunakan dalam percobaan, antara lain: volume starter (10%, 20%, 30% dan 40% (v/v)); waktu pengadukan (1 hari, 7 hari, dan 14 hari), waktu fermentasi (5 hari, 10 hari, 15 hari, 20 hari, dan 25 hari). Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan digester yang memiliki volume 50 liter yang diisi dengan starter berupa bakteri indigeneous dan limbah cair tahu pada persen volume tertentu. Selanjutnya digester dialiri gas N2 hingga digester berada pada kondisi anaerobik kemudian dilakukan pengadukan (1 hari, 7 hari, 14 hari) atau tanpa pengadukan. Pada setiap 5 hari hingga 25 hari dilakukan pengambilan sampel dan pengukuran volume biogas dan gas metana (CH4) yang dihasilkan menggunakan alat gas analyzer. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa volume biogas dan gas metana terbanyak dihasilkan pada waktu fermentasi 20 hari, dengan pengadukan 14 hari, dan volume starter 30% dapat menghasilkan biogas dan gas metana (CH4) masing – masing sebesar 5.000 ml dan 540 ml.
Tofu wastewater is a pollutant when discharged into the aquatic environment because it can cause foul odors, diseases and reduce the concentration of dissolved oxygen. On the other hand, tofu wastewater can be used as an alternative energy source, namely biogas. The study aims to determine the effect of fermentation time, starter volume and stirring time on biogas and methane gas production. Variables used in the experiment included: volume of starter (10, 20, 30, and 40% (v/v)); stirring time (1, 7, and 14 days), fermentation time (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days). The research was conducted using a digester that has a volume of 50 liters filled with starter as much as 10, 20, 30 and 40% (v/v). Then the digester is flowed with N2 gas until the digester is in anaerobic condition then stirring (1, 7, and 14 days) or without stirring. Every 5 days to 25 days a sample is taken and the amount of biogas and methane gas (CH4) produced is measured directly using a gas analyzer. The experimental results show that the highest volume of biogas and methane gas produced during fermentation time of 20 days, with a stirring of 14 days, and a volume of starter of 30% which can produce biogas and methane gas (CH4) respectively of 5,000 ml and and 540 ml.
Thermoelectric Efficiency of Silicon–Germanium Alloys in Finite-Time Thermodynamics
Authors: Rogolino Patrizia , Cimmelli Vito Antonio 
Published: October 2020

We analyze the efficiency in terms of a thermoelectric system of a one-dimensional Silicon–Germanium alloy. The dependency of thermal conductivity on the stoichiometry is pointed out, and the best fit of the experimental data is determined by a nonlinear regression method (NLRM). The thermoelectric efficiency of that system as function of the composition and of the effective temperature gradient is calculated as well. For three different temperatures (T=300 K, T=400 K, T=500 K), we determine the values of composition and thermal conductivity corresponding to the optimal thermoelectric energy conversion. The relationship of our approach with Finite-Time Thermodynamics is pointed out.
Characteristics, Outcomes and 60-Day Hospital Mortality of ICU Patients with COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Thakkar Jyotsana , Chand Sudham , Aboodi Michael S. , Gone Anirudh R. , Alahiri Emad , Schecter David E. , Grand David , Sharma Deep , Abramowitz Matthew K. , Ross Michael J. , Dicpinigaitis Peter , Kapoor Sumit 
Published: October 2020

Background
AKI has been reported in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and it is associated with higher mortality. The aim of our study is to describe characteristics, outcomes, and 60-day hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and AKI in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study in which all adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to ICUs of Montefiore Medical Center and developing AKI were included. The study period ranged from March 10 to April 11, 2020. The 60-day follow-up data through June 11, 2020 were obtained.

Results
Of 300 adults admitted to the ICUs with COVID-19 pneumonia, 224 patients (75%) presented with AKI or developed AKI subsequent to admission. A total of 218 (97%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation for moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A total of 113 (50%) patients had AKI on day 1 of ICU admission. The peak AKI stages observed were stage 1 in 49 (22%), stage 2 in 35 (16%), and stage 3 in 140 (63%) patients, respectively. Among patients with AKI, 114 patients (51%) required RRT. The mortality rate of patients requiring RRT was 70%. Of the 34 patients who were survivors, 25 (74%) were able to be weaned off RRT completely before hospital discharge. Nonsurvivors were older and had significantly higher admission and peak creatinine levels, admission hemoglobin, and peak phosphate levels compared with survivors. The 60-day hospital mortality was 67%.

Conclusions
COVID-19 requiring ICU admission is associated with high incidence of severe AKI, necessitating RRT in approximately half of such patients. The majority of patients with COVID-19 and AKI in ICU developed moderate to severe ARDS, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Timing or severity of AKI did not affect outcomes. The 60-day hospital mortality is high (67%). Patients with AKI requiring RRT have high mortality, but survivors have good rates of RRT recovery.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/K360/2020_12_31_KID0004282020.mp3
Nadir Karaciğer Metastaz Nedeni; Nöroendokrin Tümör (Bir olgu Nedeniyle)
Authors: BURAN Tahir , KASAP Elmas , GÖKSEL Gamze , ALMACAN Burcu 
Published: October 2020

Nöroendokrin tümörler, nöroendokrin sistem hücrelerinden köken alan heterojen bir neoplazma grubundan oluşmaktadırlar. Bu olgu sunumunda diffüz karaciğer metastazı ile seyreden non-fonksiyone bir nöroendokrin tümör olgusu tartışılmıştır. Kliniğimize karın ağrısı ve karında şişlik şikayetleri ile başvuran 61 yaşındaki erkek hastanın yapılan radyolojik incelelemelerde karaciğerde diffüz metastazla uyumlu çok sayıda hipodens kitle lezyonları saptandı. Yapılan karaciğer biyopsisi, hepatik nöroendokrin tümör metastazı ile uyumlu bulundu. Diffüz karaciğer tutulumu birlikte hastanın yaşının ileri olması nedeni ile cerrahi rezeksiyon düşünülmedi. Hastaya uzun etkili somatostatin analoğu başlandı. Takiplerde hastanın semptomları geriledi
Sonuç olarak nadir görülen nöroendokrin tümörleri yavaş seyrinin aksine tümüyle yakın zaman kadar asemptomatik seyretmesine karşın, yaygın karaciğer metastazıyla birlikte afonksiyone olarak prezente olabileceği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
LİDER-ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL VATANDAŞLIK DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNDE ALGILANAN ÖRGÜTSEL DESTEĞİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: BİR ZİNCİR PERAKENDE İŞLETMESİ ÜZERİNE ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ATAKAY Özlem , YILMAZ Sefer 
Published: October 2020

Rekabet koşullarının arttığı günümüzde örgütler
rakipleri tarafından taklit edilmesi güç olan
örgüt içi yapılarına yönelmişlerdir. Bu noktada, liderin çalışanları ile olan
etkileşimi, örgüt içerisinde çalışanlar
tarafından algılanan örgütsel destek ve örgüt başarımına etki eden örgütsel
vatandaşlık davranışı gibi unsurlar oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı; lider - üye etkileşimi, algılanan örgütsel destek ile örgütsel
vatandaşlık davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek ve lider - üye
etkileşiminin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerine etkisinde algılanan
örgütsel desteğin aracılık etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma kapsamında
Adana ve Mersin illerinde mağazaları bulunan yerel bir zincir perakende
işletmesinde çalışan toplam 500 katılımcıya anketler dağıtılmıştır.
Araştırmadan elde edilen verilere göre; lider - üye etkileşimi ile örgütsel
vatandaşlık davranışı arasında pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki, lider - üye
etkileşimi ile algılanan örgütsel destek arasında pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki,
algılanan örgütsel destek ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasında pozitif
anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca lider - üye etkileşiminin
örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı üzerine etkisinde algılanan örgütsel desteğin
aracılık etkisinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Somaclonal variation of grape plants regenerated from colchicinated cells of suspension cultures
Authors: Зленко Валерий Анатольевич , Клименко Виктор Павлович , Павлова Ирина Александровна , Лущай Екатерина Александровна , Петухова Анастасия Викторовна , Абдурашитова Анифе Смаиловна , Лиховской Владимир Владимирович , Егорова Н.А. 
Published: October 2020

Экспланты листьев, черешков листьев и междоузлий сортов винограда Бианка, Подарок Магарача, Interlaken seedless, Рута, Сфинкс и гибридной формы Е-342 были взяты из зеленых побегов, выросших на выведенной из состояния покоя вызревшей лозе, и высажены в культуру in vitro , в жидкую среду NN с добавкой 2,4-D и BАP (по 1 мг/л). Как для получения проэмбриогенных каллусов и клеточных суспензий, так и развития из них соматических эмбриоидов и регенерации растений, в зависимости от генотипической специфичности и этапов, использовали различные базовые среды (NN, MS и PG), регуляторы роста (2,4-D, BАP, IAA, NOA и GА) и биологически активные вещества (FА, PVP и гумат Na). Клеточные суспензии обрабатывали раствором 0,02% колхицина, 0,02 и 1% DMSO; 0,5 и 1мг/л BАP; 20 г/л сахарозы с добавкой или без среды NN (концентрации в общем растворе с суспензией клеток) в течение 1 и 2 сут. при +27-30°C. Адаптированные из in vitro к условиям in vivo и выросшие в условиях открытого грунта растения-сомаклоны сортов Сфинкс, Рута и гибридной формы Е-342 различаются (сомаклональная изменчивость) по приросту и вызреванию лозы в конце вегетации.
Explants of leaves, petioles and internodes of grape varieties ‘Bianca’, ‘Podarok Magaracha’, ‘Interlaken Seedless’, ‘Ruta’, ‘Sphinx’ and hybrid form E-342 were taken from green shoots grown on a ripened vine removed from dormancy and planted in vitro, in the liquid NN medium with 2,4-D and BAP (by 1 mg/l each) added. Various basic media (NN, MS and PG), growth regulators (2,4-D, BAP, IAA, NOA and GA3) and biologically active substances (FA, PVP and Na humate) were used to obtain proembryogenic calli and cell suspensions and to develop somatic embryoids and plant regeneration, depending on genotypic specificity and stages. Cell suspensions were treated with a solution of 0.02% colchicine, 0.02 and 1% DMSO, 0.5 and 1 mg/l BAP, 20 g/l sucrose with or without NN medium (concentration in a total solution with cell suspension) for 1 and 2 days at + 27-30 ° C. Adapted from in vitro to the in vivo conditions and grown in open ground, somaclone plants of ‘Sphinx’, ‘Ruta’ varieties and hybrid form E-342 differ (somaclonal variation) in increment and maturation of the vine at the end of the growing season.
Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matriks Menggunakan Biji Tasbih Gemerincing
Authors: Setiadi Iwan 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika, materi pokok Matriks melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif Biji Tasbih Gemerincing, siswa kelas XI MIA, MA Al Wathoniyah 43 Jakarta, semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Subjek penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIA, berjumlah 20 orang siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari tiga kali pertemuan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika, materi pokok Matriks melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif Biji Tasbih Gemerincing, siswa kelas XI MIA, MA Al Wathoniyah 43 Jakarta, semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
El derecho y su praxis en el deporte, un contexto de reflexión
Authors: Castro Campos Pedro Alfonso 
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objeto abordar algunas premisas teóricas sobre el derecho y su aplicación en el ámbito deportivo. Se fundamenta en la revisión de artículos y otros referentes bibliográficos. A través del análisis sistemático, como estrategia epistemológica, se genera un marco de reflexión desde el concepto de deporte, su perspectiva competitiva, su trascendencia como fenómeno social, su impacto en el desarrollo económico de Colombia y algunos cambios en la legislación. Se realiza una aproximación holística al derecho del deporte como disciplina, desde varios enfoques: la necesidad de mejorar su aplicabilidad, algunos vacíos, limitantes en su praxis y su potencial. Se reflexiona en torno al tribunal de arbitraje internacional, como mecanismo alternativo en la resolución de conflictos jurídicos deportivos. Por último, se plantean algunas conclusiones producto del análisis.
Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Vertikal Tipe Darrieus dengan menggunakan Wind Gate
Authors: Anam Asroful , Asroni Mochtar , Rahardjo Teguh 
Published: October 2020

Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin adalah merekayasa kecepatan angin agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal karena kecepatan angin yang tinggi lebih dapat meningkatkan putaran rotor dibandingkan kecepatan yang rendah. Tetapi hal tersebut memerlukan suatu kajian teori dan eksperimen untuk menjawab pernyataan tersebut, sehingga dilakukanlah penelitian dengan judul “Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Vertikal Tipe Darrieus dengan Menggunakan Wind Gate”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan jenis Naca 4309 dan variasi jumlah blade 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Pemilihan turbin angin tipe vertikal jenis darrieus didasarkan atas beberapa hal, diantaranya adalah turbin angin vertikal dengan tipe darrieus sangat cocok di gunakan pada daerah yang kecepatan anginnya tidak terlalu tinggi dan tidak membutuhkan tower serta investasi awal pada pembangkit tersebut tidak semahal tipe horisontal. Kemudian penggunaan wind gate dimaksudkan agar hembusan angin menumbuk sudu-sudu turbin dapat lebih terarah dengan berbagai fluktuasi kecepatan angin yang bervariasi. Lokasi penelitian adalah di pantai Sendiki Desa Tambakrejo, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing, Kabupaten Malang. Dari data hasil penelitian pada kecepatan 3,7 m/s; 5,5 m/s, 5,6 m/s 7,2 m/s; dan 7,8 m/s menunjukkan bahwa kinerja turbin paling tinggi pada kecepatan angin 5.6 m/s dengan efisiensi 39.84% dan daya 39.45 watt pada putaran poros 111 rpm.