bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bundled Payment Reform and Dialysis Facility Closures in ESKD
Authors: Norouzi Sayna , Zhao Bo , Awan Ahmed , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Ho Vivian , Erickson Kevin F. 
Published: February 2020

Significance Statement
Inclusion of injectable medications into an expanded ESKD payment bundle in 2011 led to concerns that dialysis facilities facing higher costs might close, disrupting the delivery of and access to care. The authors analyzed US Renal Data System registry data to compare facility closures before versus after the payment reform and examined whether patient-, facility-, and geography-related factors influenced closures. Closures affected ≤1.1% of dialysis facilities and ≤2221 patients in a given year. The relative likelihood of experiencing a closure decreased by 37% immediately after enactment of the payment bundle and by an additional 6% per year thereafter, indicating that the payment reform did not increase the risk of closures. However, closure risk increased slightly following payment reform for some high-risk populations, whereas it decreased in others.

Background
In 2011, inclusion of injectable medications into an expanded ESKD payment bundle prompted concerns that dialysis facilities facing higher costs might close, disrupting care delivery and access to care. Whether this policy change influenced dialysis facility closures is unknown.

Methods
To examine whether facility closures increased after 2011 and whether factors influencing closures changed, we analyzed US Renal Data System registry data to identify all patients receiving in-center hemodialysis from 2006 through 2015 and to track dialysis facility closures. We used interrupted time series logistic regression models and estimated marginal effects to examine immediate and longer-term changes in the likelihood of being affected by facility closures following payment reform. We also examined whether associations between selected predictors of closures indicating populations at “high risk” of closure (patient characteristics, facility characteristics, and geography-related characteristics) and closures changed after payment reform.

Results
Dialysis facility closures were uncommon over the study period. In adjusted models, the relative odds of experiencing a closure declined by 37% (odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.59 to 0.67) immediately after payment reform and declined by an additional 6% (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91 to 0.97) annually thereafter, corresponding to a 0.3% lower absolute probability of closure in 2015 in association with payment reform. Patients who were black and who dialyzed at small, hospital-based facilities experienced slight increases in closures following payment reform, whereas Hispanic and Medicare/Medicaid dual-eligible patients experienced slight decreases in closures.

Conclusions
Expansion of the ESKD payment bundle was not associated with increased closure of dialysis facilities, although the likelihood of closures changed slightly for some higher-risk populations.
An Investigation of Waiting Times of Patients Admitted to the General Surgery Clinic from an Emergency Department
Authors: YÜKSEL Melih , KAYA Halil , ÇAVDAR Faruk , ERAYBAR ATMACA Suna , İŞLER Yeşim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground/Aims:The study aimed to determine the waiting times of the
patients admitted to the general surgery clinic from an emergency department
and to investigate the effectiveness of services.Methods:1564 patients over the age
of 18 admitted to the General Surgery Clinic from the emergency department of Health
University BursaTraining and Research Hospital between 01.01.2018 and
31.12.2018 were included. Age, gender, admission and waiting times, the
diagnoses, and surgical history or hospitalization were retrospectively
analyzed. The difference between the admission time to the emergency department
and the admission time to the general surgery clinic was accepted as waiting
time.Results:56% of the patients (n: 876) were male and the
mean age was 49.9. The mean waiting time in the emergency department was 440.85
minutes and the mean hospital stay was 4.67 days. The minimum waiting time was in
abdominal trauma (249.49 min) whereas the longest waiting time was in
mesenteric ischemia (732.27 min) in the emergency department.Conclusions: We believe that having a separate and senior
team in emergency services of work-intensive departments such as general
surgery will contribute to shortening waiting times and providing faster and
more effective health care.
Mediolateral oblique projection in mammography: use of different angulation for patients with different thorax anatomies
Authors: Bedene Anja , Alukić Erna , Žibert Janez , Mekiš Nejc 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The literature describes that MLO projection is not done only with angulation of 45° but there is a wider span of angles that can be used. Therefore, we have investigated if the use of alternative angulation in mammographic imaging in relation to specific patient anatomies shows more breast tissue.
Methods: MLO mammograms form 491 patients that had a mammography imaging performed at alternative and basic angulation were included in the study. Angulation of 55° was performed when patient had small breasts and convex sternum. The angle of 35° was used for patients with large breasts and concave sternum as well as for patients with shorter thoraxes. Measurements assessed the width of the pectoral muscle, the retromammary part, and the inframammary part of the breast for both projections (alternative and basic).
Results: When comparing the angulations of 45° and 55°, all three measured widths were in favor of 55°: the pectoral muscle was on average wider by 4%, the basal part by 1.3%, and the inframammary part by 29%. When comparing angulations of 35° and 45°, at the angulation of 35°, the basal part was wider by 3.3% and inframammary part by 32.4%. There were no differences in the width of the pectoral muscle between mentioned angulations.
Conclusion: Based on our results, we recommend the use of a 55° angle as more appropriate for patients with longer thoraxes and small breasts and the use of a 35° angle for those with shorter thoraxes and large breasts.
Тезаурусный анализ и проблема атрибуции редакционных статей в «Гражданине» Достоевского (1873–1874)
Authors: Захаров Владимир Николаевич 
Published: February 2020

<p>В статье рассматривается роль индивидуального тезауруса Ф. М. Достоевского в формировании общего корпуса текстов и редактировании текстов разных авторов в еженедельнике «Гражданин» (1873–1874). Особенности редактирования Достоевского показаны в употреблении слова «стушеваться» в данном издании, что позволяет раскрыть специфику его работы с чужим текстом. Вмешательство в чужой текст было тотальной практикой Достоевского-редактора. Тезаурусный анализ является одним из методов в решении проблем атрибуции, средством описания авторских стилей.</p><p>В процессе редактирования чужих текстов Достоевский зачастую перекодировал их, переводил на свой понятийный язык, вводил их в свою концептосферу, повышая таким образом уровень постановки и осмысления текущих проблем бытия. В его тезаурусе актуальны категории, которые выражают сущность явлений, становятся онтологическими. Одна из них — понятие «народ» и его производные. Трактовка Достоевским концепта «народ» позволяет установить, в какой мере редактирование становилось авторством и соавторством или оставалось редакторской работой писателя.</p>
Perspectives for the development of high-speed transport
Authors: Chechenova Liana M. , Egorov Yuriy V. , Volykhina Natalia V. 
Published: February 2020

Global socio-economic trends require a dramatic acceleration of transport links. The creation of new high-speed transport systems is an urgent task, the success of the solution of which largely determines the improvement of the quality of life and the trade and economic development of states, regions, cities.
The main strategic goal of the development of the transport system is to meet the needs of society, taking into account the value of time and using innovative factors focused on the effective development of a competitive environment, offering quality transport services based on developed infrastructure, and a high level of application of innovative techniques and technologies. The Russian railways as a transport system need a good restructuring due to the fact that its qualitative characteristics, especially infrastructure, are not able to efficiently solve the existing problems of the global economy.
The aim of this article is to study perspective trends for the development of the railway sector in the context of digitalization of the economy.
EMPOWERING LABORS IN BRICK FACTORIES: DEVELOPING INSTITUTIONAL ORGANIZATION, TRAINING, AND ACCESS TO CAPITAL
Authors: Adam Sumarlin , Botutihe Darwin , Obie Muhammad 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This study analyzed the empowerment of brick factory laborers, related to the relations of labors and employers in the production to marketing processes, problems faced by laborers, their potential, and the priority of empowerment programs for brick factory laborers.
Methodology: In collecting data, researchers used the method of observation, in-depth interviews, and focused group discussion as the primary data source, and the literature study method as a secondary data source. Researchers analyzed data with a qualitative approach. When the data collection took place, researchers began to analyze data until a certain time even though the time of data collection has been completed.
Findings: Three principal components are interrelated in brick production, namely: landowners, employers, and laborers. The employer rents land from the landowner and employs laborers to produce bricks. Between laborers and landowners do not have a direct employment relationship, because it is the employer who presents his work. In the case of labor and employer relations, laborers are in an exploited and alienated position, which leaves workers powerless. Several labor problems that occur in working relationships in brick factories are: labors get salaries not based on provincial minimum wages, labors do not have social protection, labors find it difficult to meet basic needs, weak legal protection, labors do not get holiday allowances, face dismissal problems, and it is hard to get jobs outside the brick factory.
Implications: This research was beneficial to create the community of laborers in brick factories that were empowered, socially, economically, and politically.
Novelty: The laborers in brick factories can be empowered by developing an institutional organization of laborers, strengthening labor capacity through training, and opening access to ownership of production capital.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PIGMENTED BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM MALAYSIAN SEAWATER
Authors: Afifah Mursyida Zaujan Nur , Zohdi Othman Mohamad , Najihah Mohd Lutfi Fatin , Rahim Kamarudin Kamarul , Mohd Noor Hanina , Mohamed Rehan Maryam 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of study: Bacteria can naturally produce pigments that can be useful for various applications as they possess antimicrobial metabolites among other numerous benefits towards the human health. This study was carried out to identify the species of marine bacterial isolates PMA, PM3C1 and PM5C1 exhibiting yellow, orange and green colors respectively.
Methodology: The current study is using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification and sequence analysis of their 16S rRNA gene. The stability of pigments extracted from the bacterial samples was also analyzed against different temperature and light conditions.
Main Findings: Sequence alignment using BLAST revealed that the yellow, orange, and green-pigmented bacteria have 84% similarity with Staphylococcus aureus, 85% similarity with Exiguobacterium profundum and 95% similarity with Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. The green pigment showed major changes in color following exposure to sunlight and fluorescent light, and when incubated at 24°C and 50°C. Exposure to direct sunlight also results in the reduction of color for the yellow and orange extracts, while no effect was observed for both pigments under fluorescent light. Incubation at 50°C results in the reduction of the orange color, while the yellow pigment was observed to be unaffected suggesting its stability at high temperature.
Implications: Natural pigments production can provide many advantages including reduction of pollution generation, ease of disposal and other benefits to the human health.
The relationship between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and the diurnal variation of hypertension
Authors: ÇELEBİ Savaş 
Published: February 2020

Aim:
Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) predicts worse outcome in cardiovascular
disease. However data is limitted about the role of PLR in the diurnal
variation of hypertension. In this study we evaluated the relationship between
the diurnal variation of hypertension and PLR. Material and Methods:
The study included a total of 247 essential hypertensive patients. All patients
underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood monitoring. Thereafter hypertensive patients
were divided into two groups: 64 dipper patients (30 female, mean age 53.8±12.9
years) and 38 non-dipper patients (18 female, mean age 52.6±12.5years).
Complete blood count and biochemistry were measured by standard methods. PLR was measured by dividing platelet count
to lymphocyte count.Results:
Non-dipper hypertensives had signifi cantly higher PLR levels than dippers
(127.9±32.16 vs 103.4±10.67, p&lt;0.001). There was a negatif correlation
between percentage of sistolic and diastolic blood pressure fall and PLR.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that PLR, an inexpensive and easily accessible biomarker, is
significantly higher in nondipper hypertensives than the dipper hypertensives.
Christians’ Prayer, Missio Dei, and Missio Ecclesiae: An Exegetical Study of 1 Timothy 2:1-7
Authors: Yahya Pancha Wiguna 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstracttextDILIGENTIA">1 Timothy 2:1-15 is considered to be one of the most profound passages on prayer in the New Testament because it presents an extensive instruction on what and how Christians ought to pray. However, NT scholars are in dispute on the purpose of the instruction on prayer in this passage. It is common that this instruction, especially that of 2:1-7, is regarded as a general command for Christians to pray for all people and for government leaders. This article will demonstrate that in this passage, Paul exhorts the church in Ephesus to pray for all people, including kings, so that God’s mission to bring salvation to all mankind will be fulfilled. At the same time, Christians need to pray so that they may carry out their mission among the ungodly society by living godly and dignified lives in accordance with the apostolic teaching and resist the false teaching that permeates the church. The structure of the text will be examined grammatically to expound the meaning of this passage.</p><p class="abstracttextDILIGENTIA"> </p>
ENTRE A ESTÉTICA MUSICAL E A EDUCAÇÃO: A VISÃO ADORNIANA DA OBRA DE SCHOENBERG PARA UMA POSSÍVEL EDUCAÇÃO RESTAURADORA DO PROCESSO DE REFLEXÃO
Authors: Balão Paolo Leif Birckholz Andersen , Horn Geraldo Balduino 
Published: February 2020

Os movimentos artísticos provenientes do panorama pós Primeira Guerra Mundial já não mais poderiam ocupar-se de produzir uma estética voltada a um público selecionado e detentor da valoração e dos rumos que essa estética deveria produzir. As vanguardas modernas antecederam a decadência da sociedade liberal – burguesa muito antes que essa aparecesse com tal, sendo essas vanguardas responsáveis pelas inovações e críticas a uma nova estética modelada a partir de uma nova concepção de sociedade. É nesse contexto histórico que o compositor austríaco Arnold Schoenberg aparece. O objetivo desse estudo é o de poder ver se há, ou não, uma possibilidade, mesmo que remota, de unir o projeto de Schoenberg a um projeto que visa a educação das massas. A apresentação da filosofia de Adorno de não alienação e de criação individual, que tem como princípio a apresentação da verdade que permeia o homem e a sociedade é a base do projeto e a metodologia da música de vanguarda de Schoenberg. A estética de vanguarda de Schoenberg lida por Adorno é a possibilidade de ler a arte pela lente da crítica ideológica.
Anterior Glenohumeral Instability in the Adolescent Athlete
Authors: Parvaresh Kevin C. , Vargas-Vila Mario , Bomar James D. , Pennock Andrew T. 
Published: February 2020

» Glenohumeral instability is multifactorial and has both static and dynamic elements.» The initial management of first-time dislocations has become increasingly controversial, although recent evidence supports operative treatment for adolescents who participate in contact sports.» Risk factors for recurrent glenohumeral instability include adolescent age, hyperlaxity, glenoid bone loss, off-track Hill-Sachs lesions, and fixation with ≤3 anchors.» High rates of return to sport can be expected when the surgical plan is tailored to individual pathology.
Nerve Injuries with the Direct Anterior Approach to Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Vajapey Sravya P. , Morris Jesse , Lynch Daniel , Spitzer Andrew , Li Mengnai , Glassman Andrew H. 
Published: February 2020

» While no single approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been proven to be superior to others in terms of patient outcomes, the direct anterior approach (DAA) is becoming increasingly popular.» All of the described techniques for THA carry a small risk of nerve injury.» Identifying risk factors for nerve injury and mitigating these risks where feasible are imperative in order to reduce the incidence of this complication with any approach for THA.
Kesiapan Sekolah dalam Mengimplementasikan Kurikulum 2013 (Studi Kasus di Beberapa SD di Kecamatan Palu Barat dan Palu Timur Kota Palu)
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Bahar Syamsul 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kesiapan sekolah dalam implementasi Kurikulum 2013 di sekolah dasar di Kota Palu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan metode kuisioner dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif persentase. Keabsahan data penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada sepuluh sekolah di kota Palu yaitu lima sekolah di Kecamatan Palu Barat dan lima sekolah di Palu timur. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 53 guru dan 42 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kesiapan sekolah dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Kesiapan guru dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang tinggi yaitu 79,40% dengan kategori tinggi. 2) Kesiapan siswa dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang tinggi yaitu 75,25% dengan kategori tinggi. 3) Kesiapan sarana prasarana dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang sangat tinggi yaitu 73,25% dengan kategori tinggi. 4) Kesiapan kepala sekolah dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang tinggi yaitu 80,50% dengan kategori tinggi. 5) Kesiapan buku guru dan buku siswa dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang sangat tinggi yaitu 87,7% % dengan kategori sangat tinggi
Mapping the Scottish Reformation
Authors: Brock Michelle , Langley Chris 
Published: February 2020

This article introduces readers to Mapping the Scottish Reformation, a digital prosopography of ministers who served in the Church of Scotland between the Reformation Parliament of 1560 to the Revolution in 1689. By extracting data from thousands of pages of ecclesiastical court records held by the National Records of Scotland, Mapping the Scottish Reformation (MSR) tracks clerical careers, showing where they were educated, how they moved between parishes, their age, their marital status, and their disciplinary history. This early modern data drives a powerful mapping engine that will allow users to build their own searches to track clerical careers over time andspace. In short, Mapping the Scottish Reformation puts clerical careers – and, indeed, Scottish religious history more generally – quite literally on the map.
Transduction of Cultured Cells with Recombinant Lentiviral Particles
Authors: Faber Samantha C. , Vitucci Eva C.M. , McCullough Shaun D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This protocol describes the transduction of cultured cells with recombinant lentivirus expressing fluorescent markers. The attached methods document is a formal version of the information included here.Disclaimer: The contents of this article have been reviewed by the US Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication and do not necessarily represent Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use.
Prognostic value of tumor mutation burden in non-small cell lung cancer: A Meta-Analysis and system review
Authors: Author) kun zou(Former Corresponding , Li Li , Yang Shuailong , Author) Zhang Lei(New Corresponding 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: We performed this meta-analysis to assess the prognostic value of tumor mutation burden (TMB) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Tow authors independently searched the studies in PubMed, web of science, Google Scholar, Cochrane library (from inception to November 2019), according to the key words “non-small cell lung cancer”, “tumor mutation burden”, “prognosis”. The studies were set up according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The estimate hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were set as effect measures. All analyses were performed by STATA 12.0. Results:28 studies were involved in this meta-analysis, high TMB was associated with good overall survival (OS) (HR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.42-0.67, p<0.001), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.46-0.62, p<0.001), durable clinical benefits (RR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.79-2.89, P<0.001), and object response rate (RR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.80-2.85; p<0.001) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibits (ICIs). For treated with non-ICIs, poor PFS (HR = 1.62; 95% CI: 1.27-2.07, p<0.001) and OS (HR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.30-1.87, p=0.001) was found in high TMB. Compared with chemotherapy, ICIs treatment alone had better OS (HR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.82, p<0.001) and PFS (HR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.55 to 0.76, p<0.001) for patients with high TMB, however, for low TMB patients, no benefit was found in ICIs treatment. TMB was correlated with EGFR status (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.08- 0.95; p= 0.040), ECOG score (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.09-2.92; p=0.021) and smoking history (OR = 6.01; 95% CI: 1.28 - 28.13; p=0.023). Conclusions: TMB was associated with better survival in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy, and worse survival in cancer patients receiving non-ICIs. Compared with chemotherapy, ICIs was more effective in high TMB patients, but not in low TMB patients.