bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clandon Barrow Finery: a Synopsis of Success in an Early Bronze Age World
Authors: Needham Stuart , Woodward Ann 
Published: January 2020

The famous assemblage of finery excavated by Edward Cunnington from Clandon Barrow, Dorset, in 1882 is usually held to be archetypal of the ‘Wessex culture’ and rich graves. Meticulous examination of the six artefacts and re-appraisal of comparative material casts a new light on the significance of the group. It does not represent a definable cultural package and instead points to a complex set of inter-relationships with ‘foreign’ lands achieved, above all, by plying varied maritime networks. Connections are shown to have run up the east coast of Britain, west towards the Irish Sea, and across the Channel to both Armorica and the Frisian coast. By contrast, links with inland Wessex were rather insubstantial. Questions are raised about the utility of the ‘Wessex’ label.Although uncertain whether it was a grave group or some other ritual deposit, the assemblage can be seen in a positive light as a record of great exploits in distant travel. The material assembled came to stand for the success of the south Dorset community and its key personages as judged against the prime concerns of Early Bronze Age society. Its paramount importance is emphasised by the choice of site – a focally positioned, yet relatively isolated barrow within a dense monumental landscape and, moreover, a barrow that saw recurrent rejuvenation as part of a cycle of remembrance.
User–Robot Interaction for Safe Navigation of a Quadrotor
Authors: Sanchez L. F. , Abaunza H. , Castillo P. 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYThis paper introduces an intuitive and safe command approach for a quadrotor, where inertial and muscular gestures are used for semi-autonomous flight. A bracelet composed of gyroscopes, accelerometers, and electromyographic sensors is used to detect user gestures, then an algorithm is proposed to interpret the signals as flight commands. The main goal is to provide a wearable, easy-to-handle human–machine interface for users a to safely command this kind of vehicles, even for inexpert operators. Safety measures are incorporated in the scheme to further enhance the user’s experience. Experimental tests are performed to validate the proposal.
The contribution of grammar and lexicon to language switching costs: Examining contact-induced languages and their implications for theories of language representation
Authors: Deibel Isabel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany language pairs chosen in language switching studies differ randomly on multiple linguistic levels, thus obscuring the nature of switching costs. Contact-induced languages, i.e., creoles (e.g., Spanish-based Palenquero) and mixed languages (e.g., Media Lengua), having arisen in intense language contact scenarios, relate systematically to their source languages by displaying high proportions of cognates or shared grammar. This configuration can speak to the relative contribution of lexicon and grammar to switching costs. Results from a production and comprehension task show that switching costs are systematically tied to a language pair's grammatical distance. This suggests that switching costs may result from the re-generation of the morphosyntactic frame on switch trials. Emphasizing the value of testing psycholinguistic theories outside of the usual Western populations, the current study provides insight into the degree of shared mental representations between contact-induced languages and their source languages.
Distinguishing Spread Among Ensemble Members Between Drought and Flood Indian Summer Monsoon Years in the Past 58 Years (1958–2015) Reforecasts
Authors: Shukla Ravi P. , Shin Chul‐Su 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examines the different characteristics of ensemble spread (ESP) between drought and flood years of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) during June to September mean using the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2). We have analyzed a set of 20‐member ensemble seasonal reforecasts for 1958–2015 using CFSv2 initialized in April. The ESP of ISM Rainfall (ISMR) is negatively (positively) correlated with ISMR (NINO3.4) index, indicating that ESP in drought ISMR years seems to be larger than that in flood years. The mean value of ESP for drought ISMR years is larger than flood years. The spatial structure of ISMR composite anomalies during drought years shows better agreement with observed rainfall anomalies in comparison to flood years. As a result, smaller ESP in flood years may suggest that ensemble prediction of ISMR in flood years tends to be overconfident and less reliable due to underestimate of forecast uncertainty, compared to drought years.
Impacts of Seagrass Dynamics on the Coupled Long‐Term Evolution of Barrier‐Marsh‐Bay Systems
Authors: Reeves I. R. B. , Moore L. J. , Goldstein E. B. , Murray A. B. , Carr J. A. , Kirwan M. L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeagrass provides a wide range of economically and ecologically valuable ecosystem services, with shoreline erosion control often listed as a key service, but can also alter the sediment dynamics and waves within back‐barrier bays. Here we incorporate seagrass dynamics into an existing barrier‐marsh exploratory model, GEOMBEST++, to examine the coupled interactions of the back‐barrier bay with both adjacent (marsh) and nonadjacent (barrier island) subsystems. While seagrass reduces marsh edge erosion rates and increases progradation rates in many of our 288 model simulations, seagrass surprisingly increases marsh edge erosion rates when sediment export from the back‐barrier basin is negligible because the ability of seagrass to reduce the volume of marsh sediment eroded matters little for back‐barrier basins in which all sediment is conserved. Our model simulations also suggest that adding seagrass to the bay subsystem leads to increased deposition in the bay, reduced sediment available to the marsh, and enhanced marsh edge erosion until the bay reaches a new, shallower equilibrium depth. In contrast, removing seagrass liberates previously sequestered sediment that is then delivered to the marsh, leading to enhanced marsh progradation. Lastly, we find that seagrass reduces barrier island migration rates in the absence of back‐barrier marsh by filling accommodation space in the bay. These model observations suggest that seagrass meadows operate as dynamic sources and sinks of sediment that can influence the evolution of coupled marsh and barrier island landforms in unanticipated ways.
From an extremophilic community to an electroautotrophic production strain: identifying a novel Knallgas bacterium as cathodic biofilm biocatalyst
Authors: Reiner Johannes Eberhard , Geiger Katharina , Hackbarth Max , Fink Marielle , Lapp Christian Jonas , Jung Tobias , Dötsch Andreas , Hügler Michael , Wagner Michael , Hille-Reichel Andrea , Wilcke Wolfgang , Kerzenmacher Sven , Horn Harald , Gescher Johannes 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Coupling microbial electrosynthesis to renewable energy sources can provide a promising future technology for carbon dioxide conversion. However, this technology suffers from a limited number of suitable biocatalysts, resulting in a narrow product range. Here, we present the characterization of the first thermoacidophilic electroautotrophic community using chronoamperometric, metagenomic, and 13C-labeling analyses. The cathodic biofilm showed current consumption of up to −80 µA cm−2 over a period of 90 days (−350 mV vs. SHE). Metagenomic analyses identified members of the genera Moorella, Desulfofundulus, Thermodesulfitimonas, Sulfolobus, and Acidianus as potential primary producers of the biofilm, potentially thriving via an interspecies sulfur cycle. Hydrogenases seem to be key for cathodic electron uptake. An isolation campaign led to a pure culture of a Knallgas bacterium from this community. Growth of this organism on cathodes led to increasing reductive currents over time. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a distinct gene expression profile of cells grown at a cathode. Moreover, pressurizable flow cells combined with optical coherence tomography allowed an in situ observation of cathodic biofilm growth. Autotrophic growth was confirmed via isotope analysis. As a natural polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) producer, this novel species, Kyrpidia spormannii, coupled the production of PHB to CO2 fixation on cathode surfaces.
Vaccination with CD47 deficient tumor cells elicits an antitumor immune response in mice
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Mingyou , Wang Xiaodan , Liu Wentao , Wang Hui , Yang Yong-Guang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCancer cells are poorly immunogenic and have a wide range of mutations, which makes them unsuitable for use in vaccination treatment. Here, we show that elimination of CD47, a ligand for the myeloid cell inhibitory receptor SIRPα, from tumor cells by genetic deletion or antibody blocking, significantly improves the effectiveness of the immune response to tumour cells. In both solid and hematopoietic mouse tumor models, vaccination with tumor cells or tumor antigen-expressing cells, that lack CD47 or were pre-coated with anti-CD47 antibodies, achieved an antitumor immune response. The efficacy of this approach was synergistically enhanced when used in combination with anti-PD-1 antibodies. The induction of antitumor responses depends on SIRPα+CD11c+ DCs, which exhibit rapid expansion following introduction of CD47-deficient tumor cells. Our results indicate that CD47-deficient whole tumor cells can induce antitumor responses.
Stretchable fabric generates electric power from woven thermoelectric fibers
Authors: Sun Tingting , Zhou Beiying , Zheng Qi , Wang Lianjun , Jiang Wan , Snyder Gerald Jeffrey 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAssembling thermoelectric modules into fabric to harvest energy from body heat could one day power multitudinous wearable electronics. However, the invalid 2D architecture of fabric limits the application in thermoelectrics. Here, we make the valid thermoelectric fabric woven out of thermoelectric fibers producing an unobtrusive working thermoelectric module. Alternately doped carbon nanotube fibers wrapped with acrylic fibers are woven into π-type thermoelectric modules. Utilizing elasticity originating from interlocked thermoelectric modules, stretchable 3D thermoelectric generators without substrate can be made to enable sufficient alignment with the heat flow direction. The textile generator shows a peak power density of 70 mWm−2 for a temperature difference of 44 K and excellent stretchability (~80% strain) with no output degradation. The compatibility between body movement and sustained power supply is further displayed. The generators described here are true textiles, proving active thermoelectrics can be woven into various fabric architectures for sensing, energy harvesting, or thermal management.
Coherent control and high-fidelity readout of chromium ions in commercial silicon carbide
Authors: Diler Berk , Whiteley Samuel J. , Anderson Christopher P. , Wolfowicz Gary , Wesson Marie E. , Bielejec Edward S. , Joseph Heremans F. , Awschalom David D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTransition metal ions provide a rich set of optically active defect spins in wide bandgap semiconductors. Chromium (Cr4+) in silicon-carbide (SiC) produces a spin-1 ground state with a narrow, spectrally isolated, spin-selective, near-telecom optical interface. However, previous studies were hindered by material quality resulting in limited coherent control. In this work, we implant Cr into commercial 4H-SiC and show optimal defect activation after annealing above 1600 °C. We measure an ensemble optical hole linewidth of 31 MHz, an order of magnitude improvement compared to as-grown samples. An in-depth exploration of optical and spin dynamics reveals efficient spin polarization, coherent control, and readout with high fidelity (79%). We report T1 times greater than 1 s at cryogenic temperatures (15 K) with a T2* = 317 ns and a T2 = 81 μs, where spin dephasing times are currently limited by spin–spin interactions within the defect ensemble. Our results demonstrate the potential of Cr4+ in SiC as an extrinsic, optically active spin qubit.
PIPE4: Fast PPI Predictor for Comprehensive Inter- and Cross-Species Interactomes
Authors: Dick Kevin , Samanfar Bahram , Barnes Bradley , Cober Elroy R. , Mimee Benjamin , Tan Le Hoa , Molnar Stephen J. , Biggar Kyle K. , Golshani Ashkan , Dehne Frank , Green James R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe need for larger-scale and increasingly complex protein-protein interaction (PPI) prediction tasks demands that state-of-the-art predictors be highly efficient and adapted to inter- and cross-species predictions. Furthermore, the ability to generate comprehensive interactomes has enabled the appraisal of each PPI in the context of all predictions leading to further improvements in classification performance in the face of extreme class imbalance using the Reciprocal Perspective (RP) framework. We here describe the PIPE4 algorithm. Adaptation of the PIPE3/MP-PIPE sequence preprocessing step led to upwards of 50x speedup and the new Similarity Weighted Score appropriately normalizes for window frequency when applied to any inter- and cross-species prediction schemas. Comprehensive interactomes for three prediction schemas are generated: (1) cross-species predictions, where Arabidopsis thaliana is used as a proxy to predict the comprehensive Glycine max interactome, (2) inter-species predictions between Homo sapiens-HIV1, and (3) a combined schema involving both cross- and inter-species predictions, where both Arabidopsis thaliana and Caenorhabditis elegans are used as proxy species to predict the interactome between Glycine max (the soybean legume) and Heterodera glycines (the soybean cyst nematode). Comparing PIPE4 with the state-of-the-art resulted in improved performance, indicative that it should be the method of choice for complex PPI prediction schemas.
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events after Treatment in Early-stage Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Hormone Therapy
Authors: Chou Ying-Hsiang , Huang Jing-Yang , Kornelius Edy , Chiou Jeng-Yuan , Huang Chien-Ning 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis nationwide population-based study investigated the differences in the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among patients with hormone receptor–positive early-stage breast cancer undergoing different combinations of adjuvant treatments in Taiwan. Data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) along with the national mortality data were used. Patients who underwent surgery as the first mode of treatment were divided into four groups based on the subsequent adjuvant therapy received: hormone therapy (H), hormone therapy + chemotherapy (CH), hormone therapy + radiotherapy (RH), and hormone therapy + radiotherapy + chemotherapy (CRH) groups. The risks of fatal and nonfatal MACE among the groups were examined using the inverse probability of treatment weighted hazard ratio (IPTW-HR). Adjuvant treatment, age, tumour size, and comorbidities significantly affected the risks of MACEs among the 19,007 patients analysed. For nonfatal MACEs, the IPTW-HR was significantly lower in the CH group compare to the H group (0.704, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.516–0.961). No significant differences in the risks for fatal MACE were observed among the four groups. The IPTW-HRs for haemorrhagic stroke in the CH group was 0.424 (95% CI: 0.188–0.957), for congestive heart failure (CHF) in the RH group was 0.260 (95% CI: 0.088–0.762), and for ischaemic heart disease in the CRH group was 0.544 (95% CI: 0.317–0.934). Increase in the adjuvant modality does not necessarily increase the nonfatal or fatal MACE risks. Cardiac health should be monitored even in patients receiving hormone therapy alone.
More bullets for PISTOL: linear and cyclic siloxane reporter probes for quantitative 1H MR oximetry
Authors: Agarwal Shubhangi , Gulaka Praveen K. , Rastogi Ujjawal , Kodibagkar Vikram D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTissue oximetry can assist in diagnosis and prognosis of many diseases and enable personalized therapy. Previously, we reported the ability of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) for accurate measurements of tissue oxygen tension (pO2) using Proton Imaging of Siloxanes to map Tissue Oxygenation Levels (PISTOL) magnetic resonance imaging. Here we report the feasibility of several commercially available linear and cyclic siloxanes (molecular weight 162–410 g/mol) as PISTOL-based oxygen reporters by characterizing their calibration constants. Further, field and temperature dependence of pO2 calibration curves of HMDSO, octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTSO) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSO) were also studied. The spin-lattice relaxation rate R1 of all siloxanes studied here exhibited a linear relationship with oxygenation (R1 = A′ + B′*pO2) at all temperatures and field strengths evaluated here. The sensitivity index η( = B′/A′) decreased with increasing molecular weight with values ranged from 4.7 × 10−3–11.6 × 10−3 torr−1 at 4.7 T. No substantial change in the anoxic relaxation rate and a slight decrease in pO2 sensitivity was observed at higher magnetic fields of 7 T and 9.4 T for HMDSO and OMTSO. Temperature dependence of calibration curves for HMDSO, OMTSO and PDMSO was small and simulated errors in pO2 measurement were 1–2 torr/°C. In summary, we have demonstrated the feasibility of various linear and cyclic siloxanes as pO2-reporters for PISTOL-based oximetry.
Neural correlates of retrieval-based enhancement of autobiographical memory in older adults
Authors: Xu Qianli , Zhang Jiayi , Grandjean Joanes , Tan Cheston , Subbaraju Vigneshwaran , Li Liyuan , Lee Kuan Jin , Hsieh Po-Jang , Lim Joo-Hwee 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLifelog photo review is considered to enhance the recall of personal events. While a sizable body of research has explored the neural basis of autobiographical memory (AM), there is limited neural evidence on the retrieval-based enhancement effect on event memory among older adults in the real-world environment. This study examined the neural processes of AM as was modulated by retrieval practice through lifelog photo review in older adults. In the experiment, blood-oxygen-level dependent response during subjects’ recall of recent events was recorded, where events were cued by photos that may or may not have been exposed to a priori retrieval practice (training). Subjects remembered more episodic details under the trained relative to non-trained condition. Importantly, the neural correlates of AM was exhibited by (1) dissociable cortical areas related to recollection and familiarity, and (2) a positive correlation between the amount of recollected episodic details and cortical activation within several lateral temporal and parietal regions. Further analysis of the brain activation pattern at a few regions of interest within the core remember network showed a training_condition × event_detail interaction effect, suggesting that the boosting effect of retrieval practice depended on the level of recollected event details.
Genomic profiling of 553 uncharacterized neurodevelopment patients reveals a high proportion of recessive pathogenic variant carriers in an outbred population
Authors: Lee Youngha , Park Soojin , Lee Jin Sook , Kim Soo Yeon , Cho Jaeso , Yoo Yongjin , Lee Sangmoon , Yoo Taekyeong , Lee Moses , Seo Jieun , Lee Jeongeun , Kneissl Jana , Lee Jean , Jeon Hyoungseok , Jeon Eun Young , Hong Sung Eun , Kim Eunha , Kim Hyuna , Kim Woo Joong , Kim Jon Soo , Ko Jung Min , Cho Anna , Lim Byung Chan , Kim Won Seop , Choi Murim , Chae Jong-Hee 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA substantial portion of Mendelian disease patients suffers from genetic variants that are inherited in a recessive manner. A precise understanding of pathogenic recessive variants in a population would assist in pre-screening births of such patients. However, a systematic understanding of the contribution of recessive variants to Mendelian diseases is still lacking. Therefore, genetic diagnosis and variant discovery of 553 undiagnosed Korean patients with complex neurodevelopmental problems (KND for Korean NeuroDevelopmental cohort) were performed using whole exome sequencing of patients and their parents. Disease-causing variants, including newly discovered variants, were identified in 57.5% of the probands of the KND cohort. Among the patients with the previous reported pathogenic variants, 35.1% inherited these variants in a recessive manner. Genes that cause recessive disorders in our cohort tend to be less constrained by loss-of-function variants and were enriched in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial functions. This observation was applied to an estimation that approximately 1 in 17 healthy Korean individuals carry at least one of these pathogenic variants that develop severe neurodevelopmental problems in a recessive manner. Furthermore, the feasibility of these genes for carrier screening was evaluated. Our results will serve as a foundation for recessive variant screening to reduce occurrences of rare Mendelian disease patients. Additionally, our results highlight the utility and necessity of whole exome sequencing-based diagnostics for improving patient care in a country with a centralized medical system.
Dogs and the classic route of Guinea Worm transmission: an evaluation of copepod ingestion
Authors: Garrett Kayla B. , Box Erin K. , Cleveland Christopher A. , Majewska Ania A. , Yabsley Michael J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDracunculus medinensis, the causative agent of Guinea worm disease in humans, is being reported with increasing frequency in dogs. However, the route(s) of transmission to dogs is still poorly understood. Classical transmission to humans occurs via drinking water that contains cyclopoid copepods infected with third stage larvae of D. medinensis, but due to the method of dog drinking (lapping) compared to humans (suction and/or retrieval of water into containers), it seems unlikely that dogs would ingest copepods readily through drinking. We exposed lab raised beagles to varying densities of uninfected copepods in 2 liters of water to evaluate the number of copepods ingested during a drinking event. We confirmed dogs can ingest copepod intermediate hosts while drinking; however, low numbers were ingested at the densities that are typically observed in Chad suggesting this transmission route may be unlikely. Overall, the relative importance of the classic transmission route and alternate transmission routes, such as paratenic and transport hosts, needs investigation in order to further clarify the epidemiology of guinea worm infections in dogs.