bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Elasticity, and Spin State of an Intermediate MgSiO3‐FeAlO3 Bridgmanite: Implications for Iron in Earth's Lower Mantle
Authors: Zhu Feng , Liu Jiachao , Lai Xiaojing , Xiao Yuming , Prakapenka Vitali , Bi Wenli , Alp E. Ercan , Dera Przemyslaw , Chen Bin , Li Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFe‐Al‐bearing bridgmanite may be the dominant host for ferric iron in Earth's lower mantle. Here we report the synthesis of (Mg0.5Fe3+0.5)(Al0.5Si0.5)O3 bridgmanite (FA50) with the highest Fe3+‐Al3+ coupled substitution known to date. X‐ray diffraction measurements showed that at ambient conditions, the FA50 adopted the LiNbO3 structure. Upon compression at room temperature to 18 GPa, it transformed back into the bridgmanite structure, which remained stable up to 102 GPa and 2,600 K. Fitting Birch‐Murnaghan equation of state of FA50 bridgmanite yields V0 = 172.1(4) Å3, K0 = 229(4) GPa with K0′ = 4(fixed). The calculated bulk sound velocity of the FA50 bridgmanite is ~7.7% lower than MgSiO3 bridgmanite, mainly because the presence of ferric iron increases the unit‐cell mass by 15.5%. This difference likely represents the upper limit of sound velocity anomaly introduced by Fe3+‐Al3+ substitution. X‐ray emission and synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements showed that after laser annealing, ~6% of Fe3+ cations exchanged with Al3+ and underwent the high‐ to low‐spin transition at 59 GPa. The low‐spin proportion of Fe3+ increased gradually with pressure and reached 17–31% at 80 GPa. Since the cation exchange and spin transition in this Fe3+‐Al3+‐enriched bridgmanite do not cause resolvable unit‐cell volume reduction, and the increase of low‐spin Fe3+ fraction with pressure occurs gradually, the spin transition would not produce a distinct seismic signature in the lower mantle. However, it may influence iron partitioning and isotopic fractionation, thus introducing chemical heterogeneity in the lower mantle.
Assessing Historical Variability of South Asian Monsoon Lows and Depressions With an Optimized Tracking Algorithm
Authors: Vishnu S. , Boos W. R. , Ullrich P. A. , O'Brien T. A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCyclonic low‐pressure systems (LPS) produce abundant rainfall in South Asia, where they are traditionally categorized as monsoon lows, monsoon depressions, and more intense cyclonic storms. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has tracked monsoon depressions for over a century, finding a large decline in their number in recent decades, but their methods have changed over time and do not include monsoon lows. This study presents a fast, objective algorithm for identifying monsoon LPS and uses it to assess interannual variability and trends in reanalyses. Variables and thresholds used in the algorithm are selected to best match a subjectively analyzed LPS data set while minimizing disagreement between four reanalyses in a training period. The stream function of 850 hPa horizontal wind is found to be optimal in this sense; it is less noisy than vorticity and represents the complete nondivergent wind, even when flow is not geostrophic. Using this algorithm, LPS statistics are computed for five reanalyses, and none show a detectable trend in monsoon depression counts since 1979. Both the Japanese 55‐year Reanalysis (JRA‐55) and the IMD data set show a step‐like reduction in depression counts when they began using geostationary satellite data, in 1979 and 1982, respectively; the 1958–2018 linear trend in JRA‐55, however, is smaller than in the IMD data set, and its error bar includes 0. There are more LPS in seasons with above‐average monsoon rainfall and in La Niña years, but few other large‐scale modes of interannual variability are found to modulate LPS counts, lifetimes, or track length consistently across reanalyses.
Links Between Health-Related Social Needs and Mental Health Care Disparities: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Kuhn Jocelyn , Bair-Merritt Megan , Xuan Ziming , Kistin Caroline J. 
Published: June 2020

Objective: There are known disparities in access to and utilization of pediatric health care and mental health care. Unmet health-related social needs, particularly food insecurity and housing instability, have previously been associated with poorer health and mental health outcomes as well as reduced utilization of preventive care. The relation between health-related social needs and pediatric mental health care utilization, however, has been largely unexplored. Method: Using a cross-sectional design with retrospective data extraction through a large, urban medical center’s clinical data warehouse, this study investigated whether parent-reported unmet health-related social needs were associated with differences in the relationship between parent-reported child psychiatric symptoms and pediatric mental health care utilization. Additionally, the association between pediatric mental health care utilization and visiting an on-site food pantry, offered to address food insecurity, was assessed. Results: Consistent with the hypotheses, parent report of higher child psychiatric symptoms was associated with more pediatric mental health care utilization (rate ratio [ RR] = 1.17, p < .001), and as parents reported more unmet health-related social needs, this relationship weakened ( B = −.015, p < .001). Although the use of the on-site food pantry had no effect on the relationship between reported child symptoms and pediatric mental health care utilization, the use of the food pantry did independently correspond to an increased rate of mental health care visits ( RR = 2.25, p = .002). Conclusions: These findings suggest that screening for and addressing unmet health-related social needs may be an important part of the effort to reduce pediatric mental health service disparities. Implications for Impact Statement This study found that as families’ health-related social needs, such as food insecurity and unstable housing, increased in number, children and adolescents with more psychiatric symptoms accessed less mental health care. Furthermore, the findings indicated that pediatric mental health care utilization at an urban medical center rose along with visits to an on-site food pantry. Identifying and addressing families’ health-related social needs may help to reduce disparities in who receives needed mental health care services. Within clinical practice, this can be achieved through universal health-related social needs screening and the provision of relevant referrals and resources.
Acute oxytocin effects in inferring others’ beliefs and social emotions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis
Authors: Schmidt André , Davies Cathy , Paloyelis Yannis , Meyer Nicholas , De Micheli Andrea , Ramella-Cravaro Valentina , Provenzani Umberto , Aoki Yuta , Rutigliano Grazia , Cappucciati Marco , Oliver Dominic , Murguia Silvia , Zelaya Fernando , Allen Paul , Shergill Sukhi , Morrison Paul , Williams Steve , Taylor David , Borgwardt Stefan , Yamasue Hidenori , McGuire Philip , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSocial deficits are key hallmarks of the Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) state and of established psychotic disorders, and contribute to impaired social functioning, indicating a potential target for interventions. However, current treatments do not significantly ameliorate social impairments in CHR-P individuals. Given its critical role in social behaviour and cognition, the oxytocinergic (OT) system is a promising target for novel interventions in CHR-P subjects. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 30 CHR-P males were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on two occasions, once after 40IU self-administered intranasal OT and once after placebo. A modified version of the Sally-Anne task was used to assess brain activation during inferring others’ beliefs and social emotions. The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test was acquired prior to the first scan to test whether OT effects were moderated by baseline social-emotional abilities. OT did not modulate behavioural performances but reduced activation in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus compared with placebo while inferring others’ social emotions. Furthermore, the relationship between brain activation and task performance after OT administration was moderated by baseline social-emotional abilities. While task accuracy during inferring others’ social emotion increased with decreasing activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus in CHR-P individuals with low social-emotional abilities, there was no such relationship in CHR-P individuals with high social-emotional abilities. Our findings may suggest that acute OT administration enhances neural efficiency in the inferior frontal gyrus during inferring others’ social emotions in those CHR-P subjects with low baseline social-emotional abilities.
Gremlin-1 augments the oestrogen-related receptor α signalling through EGFR activation: implications for the progression of breast cancer
Authors: Park Sin-Aye , Sung Nam Ji , Choi Bae-Jung , Kim Wonki , Kim Seung Hyeon , Surh Young-Joon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Gremlin-1 (GREM1), one of the bone morphogenetic protein antagonists, is involved in organogenesis, tissue differentiation and kidney development. However, the role of GREM1 in cancer progression and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods
The role of GREM1 in breast cancer progression was assessed by measuring cell viability, colony formation, 3D tumour spheroid formation/invasion and xenograft tumour formation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, a luciferase reporter assay and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the molecular events in which GREM1 is involved.

Results
GREM1 expression was elevated in breast cancer cells and tissues obtained from breast cancer patients. Its overexpression was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, especially those with oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumours. GREM1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and xenograft mammary tumour growth, while its overexpression enhanced their viability, growth and invasiveness. Oestrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), an orphan nuclear hormone receptor, directly interacted with the GREM1 promoter and increased the expression of GREM1. GREM1 also enhanced the promoter activity of ESRRA encoding ERRα, comprising a positive feedback loop. Notably, GREM1 bound to and activated EGFR, a well-known upstream regulator of ERRα.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that the GREM1–ERRα axis can serve as a potential therapeutic target in the management of cancer, especially ER-negative tumour.
Repurposing anticancer drugs for COVID-19-induced inflammation, immune dysfunction, and coagulopathy
Authors: Saini Kamal S. , Lanza Carlo , Romano Marco , de Azambuja Evandro , Cortes Javier , de las Heras Begoña , de Castro Javier , Lamba Saini Monika , Loibl Sibylle , Curigliano Giuseppe , Twelves Chris , Leone Manuela , Patnaik Mrinal M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThree cardinal manifestations of neoplasia, namely inflammation, immune dysfunction, and coagulopathy are also seen in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, providing a biological rationale for testing selected anticancer drugs for their ability to control the symptoms and/or modify the course of COVID-19.
Haspin regulates Ras localization to promote Cdc24-driven mitotic depolarization
Authors: Quadri Roberto , Galli Martina , Galati Elena , Rotondo Giuseppe , Gallo Guido Roberto , Panigada Davide , Plevani Paolo , Muzi-Falconi Marco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCell polarization is of paramount importance for proliferation, differentiation, development, and it is altered during carcinogenesis. Polarization is a reversible process controlled by positive and negative feedback loops. How polarized factors are redistributed is not fully understood and is the focus of this work. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutants defective in haspin kinase exhibit stably polarized landmarks and are sensitive to mitotic delays. Here, we report a new critical role for haspin in polarisome dispersion; failure to redistribute polarity factors, in turn, leads to nuclear segregation defects and cell lethality. We identified a mitotic role for GTP-Ras in regulating the local activation of the Cdc42 GTPase, resulting in its dispersal from the bud tip to a homogeneous distribution over the plasma membrane. GTP-Ras2 physically interacts with Cdc24 regulateing its mitotic distribution. Haspin is shown to promote a mitotic shift from a bud tip-favored to a homogenous PM fusion of Ras-containing vesicles. In absence of haspin, active Ras is not redistributed from the bud tip; Cdc24 remains hyperpolarized promoting the activity of Cdc42 at the bud tip, and the polarisome fails to disperse leading to erroneously positioned mitotic spindle, defective nuclear segregation, and cell death after mitotic delays. These findings describe new functions for key factors that modulate cell polarization and mitotic events, critical processes involved in development and tumorigenesis.
Super modules-based active QR codes for smart trackability and IoT: a responsive-banknotes case study
Authors: Ramalho João F. C. B. , Correia Sandra F. H. , Fu Lianshe , Dias Lília M. S. , Adão Pedro , Mateus Paulo , Ferreira Rute A. S. , André Paulo S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe general use of smartphones assigns additional relevance to QR codes as a privileged tool to the Internet of Things (IoT). Crucial for QR codes is the evolution to IoT-connected smart tags with enhanced storage capacity and secure accesses. Using the concept of super-modules (s-modules) built from adjacent spatial multiplexed modules with regular geometrical shapes, assisted by colour multiplexing, we modelled and design a single QR code with, at least, the triple storage capacity of an analogous size black/white QR code, acting as a smart-tag ensuring restrict access and trackability. The s-modules are printed using luminescent low-cost and eco-friendly inks based on organic-inorganic hybrids modified by lanthanides with multiplexed colour emission in the orthogonal RGB space. The access to the restrict information is attained only under UV irradiation and encrypted for secure transmission. The concept of active QR codes for smart trackability and IoT was materialised through the development of a free friendly-user mobile app.
Discharge profile of a zinc-air flow battery at various electrolyte flow rates and discharge currents
Authors: Abbasi Ali , Hosseini Soraya , Somwangthanaroj Anongnat , Cheacharoen Rongrong , Olaru Sorin , Kheawhom Soorathep 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNowadays, due to global warming stemming from excessive use of fossil fuel, there is considerable interest in promoting renewable energy sources. However, because of the intermittent nature of these energy sources, efficient energy storage systems are needed. In this regard, zinc-air flow batteries (ZAFBs) are seen as having the capability to fulfill this function. In flow batteries, the electrolyte is stored in external tanks and circulated through the cell. This study provides the requisite experimental data for parameter estimation as well as model validation of ZAFBs. Each data set includes: current (mA), voltage (V), capacity (mAh), specific capacity (mAh/g), energy (Wh), specific energy (mWh/g) and discharge time (h:min:s.ms). Discharge data involved forty experiments with discharge current in the range of 100–200 mA, and electrolyte flow rates in the range of 0–140 ml/min. Such data are crucial for the modelling and theoretical/experimental analysis of ZAFBs.
Evidence for a role of RUNX1 as recombinase cofactor for TCRβ rearrangements and pathological deletions in ETV6-RUNX1 ALL
Authors: Seitz V. , Kleo K. , Dröge A. , Schaper S. , Elezkurtaj S. , Bedjaoui N. , Dimitrova L. , Sommerfeld A. , Berg E. , von der Wall E. , Müller U. , Joosten M. , Lenze D. , Heimesaat M. M. , Baldus C. , Zinser C. , Cieslak A. , Macintyre E. , Stocking C. , Hennig S. , Hummel M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractT-cell receptor gene beta (TCRβ) gene rearrangement represents a complex, tightly regulated molecular mechanism involving excision, deletion and recombination of DNA during T-cell development. RUNX1, a well-known transcription factor for T-cell differentiation, has recently been described to act in addition as a recombinase cofactor for TCRδ gene rearrangements. In this work we employed a RUNX1 knock-out mouse model and demonstrate by deep TCRβ sequencing, immunostaining and chromatin immunoprecipitation that RUNX1 binds to the initiation site of TCRβ rearrangement and its homozygous inactivation induces severe structural changes of the rearranged TCRβ gene, whereas heterozygous inactivation has almost no impact. To compare the mouse model results to the situation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) we analyzed TCRβ gene rearrangements in T-ALL samples harboring heterozygous Runx1 mutations. Comparable to the Runx1+/− mouse model, heterozygous Runx1 mutations in T-ALL patients displayed no detectable impact on TCRβ rearrangements. Furthermore, we reanalyzed published sequence data from recurrent deletion borders of ALL patients carrying an ETV6-RUNX1 translocation. RUNX1 motifs were significantly overrepresented at the deletion ends arguing for a role of RUNX1 in the deletion mechanism. Collectively, our data imply a role of RUNX1 as recombinase cofactor for both physiological and aberrant deletions.
Magneto-plasmonic nanostars for image-guided and NIR-triggered drug delivery
Authors: Tomitaka Asahi , Arami Hamed , Ahmadivand Arash , Pala Nezih , McGoron Anthony J. , Takemura Yasushi , Febo Marcelo , Nair Madhavan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSmart multifunctional nanoparticles with magnetic and plasmonic properties assembled on a single nanoplatform are promising for various biomedical applications. Owing to their expanding imaging and therapeutic capabilities in response to external stimuli, they have been explored for on-demand drug delivery, image-guided drug delivery, and simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic (i.e. theranostic) applications. In this study, we engineered nanoparticles with unique morphology consisting of a superparamagnetic iron oxide core and star-shaped plasmonic shell with high-aspect-ratio gold branches. Strong magnetic and near-infrared (NIR)-responsive plasmonic properties of the engineered nanostars enabled multimodal quantitative imaging combining advantageous functions of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic particle imaging (MPI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and image-guided drug delivery with a tunable drug release capacity. The model drug molecules bound to the core-shell nanostars were released upon NIR illumination due to the heat generation from the core-shell nanostars. Moreover, our simulation analysis showed that the specific design of the core-shell nanostars demonstrated a pronounced multipolar plasmon resonance, which has not been observed in previous reports. The multimodal imaging and NIR-triggered drug release capabilities of the proposed nanoplatform verify their potential for precise and controllable drug release with different applications in personalized medicine.
Novel keratinolytic enzymes, discovered from a talented and efficient bacterial keratin degrader
Authors: Huang Yuhong , Łężyk Mateusz , Herbst Florian-Alexander , Busk Peter Kamp , Lange Lene 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHuge quantities of keratinaceous waste are a substantial and almost totally unexploited protein resource which could be upgraded for use as high value-added products by efficient keratinolytic enzymes. In this study, we found that Bacillus sp. 8A6 can efficiently degrade chicken feather after 24 h growth. According to phylogenetic analysis, the strain (formerly identified as Bacillus pumilus 8A6) belongs to the B. pumilus species clade but it is more closely related to B. safensis. Hotpep predicted 233 putative proteases from Bacillus sp. 8A6 genome. Proteomic analysis of culture broths from Bacillus sp. 8A6 cultured on chicken feathers or on a mixture of bristles and hooves showed high abundance of proteins with functions related to peptidase activity. Five proteases (one from family M12, one from family S01A, two from family S08A and one from family T3) and four oligopeptide and dipeptide binding proteins were highly expressed when Bacillus sp. 8A6 was grown in keratin media compared to LB medium. This study is the first to report that bacterial proteases in families M12, S01A and T3 are involved in keratin degradation together with proteases from family S08.
Stable solution of induced modulation instability
Authors: Guan Jingxin , Ren Zhanmei , Guo Qi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper,we discussed the nonlinear evolution of modulation instability and the steady-state process of induced modulation instability in sine-oscillatory response nonlocal nonlinear media. With plane wave plus perturbation as initial conditions, we simulated the long-term evolution of modulation instability in the nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger equation with sine-oscillatory response numerically. For the input of modulated wave, the approximate analytical solution of the stable solution of the equation is obtained under the assumption that only the fundamental wave and the first harmonic wave are present. For the input of modulated wave with arbitrary harmonic waves, we obtained the exact numerical solution of the stable solution of the induced modulation instability.
Satellite evidence for changes in the NO2 weekly cycle over large cities
Authors: Stavrakou T. , Müller J.-F. , Bauwens M. , Boersma K. F. , van Geffen J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnthropogenic activities, by far the largest source of NOx into the atmosphere, induce a weekly cycle of NO2 abundances in cities. Comprehensive analysis of the 2005–2017 OMI NO2 dataset reveals significant weekly cycles in 115 of the 274 cities considered. These results are corroborated by a full year of high-resolution TROPOMI NO2 observations. The OMI dataset permits us to identify trends in the weekly cycle resulting from NOx emissions changes. The data show a clear weakening of the weekly cycle over European and U.S. cities, an evolution attributed to the decline in anthropogenic emissions and the resulting growing importance of background NO2, whereas NO2 lifetime changes also play a minor role. In particular, the Sunday NO2 columns averaged over all U.S. cities are found to increase, relative to the weekly average, from 0.72 during 2005–2007 to 0.88 in 2015–2017. The opposite tendency is recorded in regions undergoing rapid emission growth. Multiyear simulations over the U.S. and the Middle East using the chemistry-transport model MAGRITTEv1.1 succeed in capturing the observed weekly cycles over the largest cities, as well as the observed long-term trends in the weekly cycle.