bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic and Clinical Evidence for Osteoarthritis at Medium-Term Follow-up after Arthroscopic Partial Medial Meniscectomy
Authors: Lamplot Joseph D. , Tompkins William P. , Friedman Michael V. , Nguyen Joseph T. , Rai Muhammad Farooq , Brophy Robert H. 
Published: December 2019

Objective The purpose of this study is to assess if incident radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with clinical OA symptoms at midterm follow-up after arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy (APMM). Design A total of 44 patients (43% females, mean age 50.1 ± 2.8 years, minimum 5.6-year follow-up) with isolated medial meniscal tears and no-to-mild preoperative radiographic OA underwent APMM. Incident radiographic OA was assessed using the modified Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification. Patients completed the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS), and subscale thresholds for assessment of a symptomatic knee (KOOS OA criteria) and for Patient non-Acceptable Symptom State (PASS-N) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) were calculated. Results Incident medial compartment OA occurred in 50% of patients. Morbidly obese patients (body mass index ≥35 kg/m2) were more likely to demonstrate incident radiographic OA (100% vs. 41%, P = 0.002). Forty-three percent of patients met KOOS OA criteria, while 77% were PASS-N. Females were more likely to meet KOOS OA criteria (73% vs. 21%, P = 0.009). Patients with incident radiographic OA in any compartment were more likely than those without radiographic OA to meet KOOS OA criteria (71% vs. 17%, P = 0.008). Patients with preoperative K-L grade 2 changes in any compartment were more likely to meet KOOS OA criteria than those without K-L grade 2 changes in any compartment (83% vs. 35%, P = 0.037). Conclusions Roughly half of APMM patients will have incident radiographic OA within 6 years of APMM, and this risk increases with obesity. Females and patients with incident radiographic OA are more likely to meet clinical thresholds for OA.
Hemifacial Spasm in an Argus II Retinal Prosthesis Patient
Authors: Sun Susan Y. , Mammo Danny A. , Koozekanani Dara D. , Montezuma Sandra R. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: A 59-year-old man with retinitis pigmentosa, who received an Argus II retinal prosthesis in the left eye 3 years prior, presented with left-sided involuntary facial contractions that occurred only after turning on the Argus II device. Methods: A case report. Results: Given that this patient's reported and visualized lower eyelid twitching corresponds to the location of the external region of the implanted coil, we hypothesize that heat or wirelessly transmitted electrical signals from the external coil to the implanted coil may induce spasm of the facial nerve and thus play a role in hemifacial spasm onset. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of hemifacial spasm associated with Argus II use.
Cross-reactivity with Brazilian strains of Neisseria meningitidis B after immunization with outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Trzewikoswki de Lima Gabriela , Portilho Amanda Izeli , De Gaspari Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

Background: Immunization against Neisseria meningitidis is important for public health. Vaccines composed of cross-reactivity antigens avoid strain-specific responses, ensuring more comprehensive protection. Methods: The cross-reactivity between three strains from the last outbreak of N. meningitidis in Brazil was assessed in our studies, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting assays. Results: Both assays verifed a similar humoral response between the strains evaluated. Patterns of antigen recognition differed with each dose evaluated. Conclusions: We observed that immunization with N. meningitidis B outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) led to the production of antibodies that recognized antigens of heterologous strains, indicating possible protection against these evaluated strains.
Integrated drug profiling and CRISPR screening identify essential pathways for CAR T-cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Dufva Olli , Koski Jan , Maliniemi Pilvi , Ianevski Aleksandr , Klievink Jay , Leitner Judith , Pölönen Petri , Hohtari Helena , Saeed Khalid , Hannunen Tiina , Ellonen Pekka , Steinberger Peter , Kankainen Matti , Aittokallio Tero , Keränen Mikko A. I. , Korhonen Matti , Mustjoki Satu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has proven effective in relapsed and refractory B-cell malignancies, but resistance and relapses still occur. Better understanding of mechanisms influencing CAR T-cell cytotoxicity and the potential for modulation using small-molecule drugs could improve current immunotherapies. Here, we systematically investigated druggable mechanisms of CAR T-cell cytotoxicity using &gt;500 small-molecule drugs and genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens. We identified several tyrosine kinase inhibitors that inhibit CAR T-cell cytotoxicity by impairing T-cell signaling transcriptional activity. In contrast, the apoptotic modulator drugs SMAC mimetics sensitized B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells to anti-CD19 CAR T cells. CRISPR screens identified death receptor signaling through FADD and TNFRSF10B (TRAIL-R2) as a key mediator of CAR T-cell cytotoxicity and elucidated the RIPK1-dependent mechanism of sensitization by SMAC mimetics. Death receptor expression varied across genetic subtypes of B-cell malignancies, suggesting a link between mechanisms of CAR T-cell cytotoxicity and cancer genetics. These results implicate death receptor signaling as an important mediator of cancer cell sensitivity to CAR T-cell cytotoxicity, with potential for pharmacological targeting to enhance cancer immunotherapy. The screening data provide a resource of immunomodulatory properties of cancer drugs and genetic mechanisms influencing CAR T-cell cytotoxicity.
Association of asthma and smoking with lung function impairment in adolescence and early adulthood: the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Arshad S. Hasan , Hodgekiss Claire , Holloway John W. , Kurukulaaratchy Ramesh , Karmaus Wilfried , Zhang Hongmei , Roberts Graham 
Published: December 2019

We investigated associations of asthma and smoking with lung function and airway reversibility from childhood to early adulthood.The population-based Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n=1456) was assessed at birth, and at 1, 2, 4, 10, 18 and 26 years. Asthma was defined as physician diagnosis plus current wheeze and/or treatment. Spirometry was conducted at 10 (n=981), 18 (n=839) and 26 years (n=547). Individuals were subdivided into nonsmokers without asthma, nonsmokers with asthma, smokers without asthma and smokers with asthma, based on asthma and smoking status at 26 years. Their lung function trajectories from 10 to 26 years were examined using longitudinal models.Nonsmokers with asthma had smaller forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEF25–75%(forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of forced vital capacity (FVC)) and FEV1/FVC ratio compared to nonsmokers without asthma at age 10 and 18 years, with differences reduced after bronchodilator (pre-bronchodilator FEV1at 26 years 3.75 Lversus4.02 L, p<0.001; post-bronchodilator 4.02 Lversus4.16 L, p=0.08). This lung function deficit did not worsen after 18 years. Smokers without asthma had smaller FEF25–75%and FEV1/FVC ratio (but not FEV1) at 26 years compared to nonsmokers without asthma, with the deficit appearing after 18 years and persisting despite bronchodilator response (for FEV1/FVC ratio at 26 years 0.80versus0.81, p=0.002; post-bronchodilator 0.83versus0.85, p=0.005). Smokers with asthma had worse lung function compared to other groups.Lung function deficits associated with asthma and smoking occur early in life. They are not fully responsive to bronchodilators, indicating a risk for long-term lung health, which highlights the need to institute preventive measures in adolescence and early adult life before irreversible damage occurs.
Donor surfactant protein A2 polymorphism and lung transplant survival
Authors: D'Ovidio Frank , Floros Joanna , Aramini Beatrice , Lederer David , DiAngelo Susan L. , Arcasoy Selim , Sonett Joshua R. , Robbins Hillary , Shah Lory , Costa Joseph , Urso Andreacarola 
Published: December 2019

PurposeGene polymorphisms of surfactant proteins, key players in lung innate immunity, have been associated with various lung diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between variations within the surfactant protein (SP)-A gene of the donor lung allograft and recipient post-transplant outcome.MethodsLung-transplant patients (n=192) were prospectively followed-up with pulmonary function tests, bronchoscopies with bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsies. Donor lungs were assayed for SP-A1 (6An) and SP-A2 (1An) gene polymorphism using the pyrosequencing method. Unadjusted and adjusted stratified Cox survival models are reported.ResultsSP-A1 and SP-A2 genotype frequency and lung transplant recipient and donor characteristics as well as cause of death are noted. Recipients were grouped per donor SP-A2 variants. Individuals that received lungs from donors with the SP-A2 1A0(n=102)versus1A1variant (n=68) or SP-A2 genotype 1A01A0(n=54)versus1A0A1(n=38) had greater survival at 1 year (log-rank p<0.025). No significant association was noted for SP-A1 variants. Stratified adjusted survival models for 1-year survival and diagnosis showed a reduced survival for 1A1variant and the 1A01A1genotype. Furthermore, when survival was conditional on 1-year survival no significance was observed, indicating that the survival difference was due to the first year's outcome associated with the 1A1variant.ConclusionDonor lung SP-A gene polymorphisms are associated with post-transplant clinical outcome. Lungs from donors with the SP-A2 variant 1A1had a reduced survival at 1 year. The observed donor genetic differences,viainnate immunity relate to the post-transplant clinical outcome.
Eight novel variants in theSLC34A2gene in pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
Authors: Jönsson Åsa Lina M. , Bendstrup Elisabeth , Mogensen Susie , Kopras Elizabeth J. , McCormack Francis X. , Campo Ilaria , Mariani Francesca , Escribano-Montaner Amparo , Holm Are M. , Martinez-Colls Maria del Mar , Pintos-Morell Guillem , Taillé Camille , Crestani Bruno , Hilberg Ole , Hvarregaard Christensen Jane , Simonsen Ulf 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundPulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is caused by genetic variants in theSLC34A2gene, which encodes the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (NaPi-2b). PAM is characterised by deposition of calcium phosphate concretions (microliths) in the alveoli leading to pulmonary dysfunction. The variant spectrum ofSLC34A2has not been well investigated and it is not yet known whether a genotype–phenotype correlation exists.MethodsWe collected DNA from 14 patients with PAM and four relatives, and analysed the coding regions ofSLC34A2by direct DNA sequencing. To determine the phenotype characteristics, clinical data were collected and a severity score was created for each variant, based on type and localisation within the protein.ResultsWe identified eight novel allelic variants ofSLC34A2in 14 patients with PAM. Four of these were nonsense variants, three were missense and one was a splice site variant. One patient was heterozygous for two different variants and all other patients were homozygous. Four patients were asymptomatic and 10 patients were symptomatic. The severity of the disease was associated with the variant severity.ConclusionsOur findings support a significant role forSLC34A2in PAM and expand the variant spectrum of the disease. Thus,SLC34A2variants were detected in all patients and eight novel allelic variants were discovered. An association between disease severity and the severity of the variants was found; however, this needs to be investigated in larger patient populations.
PET/CT features of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at first clinical presentation: a cross-sectional observational18F-FDG imaging study across six countries
Authors: Bomanji Jamshed , Sharma Rajnish , Mittal Bhagwant R. , Gambhir Sanjay , Qureshy Ahmad , Begum Shamim M.F. , Paez Diana , Sathekge Mike , Vorster Mariza , Sobic Saranovic Dragana , Pusuwan Pawana , Mann Vera , Vinjamuri Sobhan , Zumla Alimuddin , Pascual Thomas N.B. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundA large proportion of the huge global burden of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases are treated empirically without accurate definition of disease sites and extent of multi-organ disease involvement. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 2-deoxy-2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-d-glucose (18F-FDG) in tuberculosis could be a useful imaging technique for localising disease sites and extent of disease.MethodsWe conducted a study of HIV-negative adult patients with a new clinical diagnosis of EPTB across eight centres located in six countries: India, Pakistan, Thailand, South Africa, Serbia and Bangladesh, to assess the extent of disease and common sites involved at first presentation.18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) scans were performed within 2 weeks of presentation.Findings358 patients with EPTB (189 females; 169 males) were recruited over 45 months, with an age range of 18–83 years (females median 30 years; males median 38 years). 350 (98%) out of 358 patients (183 female, 167 male) had positive scans. 118 (33.7%) out of 350 had a single extrapulmonary site and 232 (66.3%) out of 350 had more than one site (organ) affected. Lymph nodes, skeleton, pleura and brain were common sites. 100 (28%) out of 358 EPTB patients had18F-FDG PET/CT-positive sites in the lung. 110 patients were18F-FDG PET/CT-positive in more body sites than were noted clinically at first presentation and 160 patients had the same number of positive body sites.Interpretation18F-FDG PET/CT scan has potential for further elucidating the spectrum of disease, pathogenesis of EPTB and monitoring the effects of treatment on active lesions over time, and requires longitudinal cohort studies, twinned with biopsy and molecular studies.
Transcriptional variation and divergence of host-finding behaviour in Steinernema carpocapsae infective juveniles
Authors: Warnock Neil D. , Cox Deborah , McCoy Ciaran , Morris Robert , Dalzell Johnathan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSteinernema carpocapsaeis an entomopathogenic nematode that employs nictation and jumping behaviours to find potential insect hosts. Here we aimed to investigate the transcriptional basis of variant host-finding behaviours in the infective juvenile (IJ) stage of threeS. carpocapsaestrains (ALL, Breton and UK1), with a focus on neuronal genes known to influence behaviour in other nematode species. Identifying gene expression changes that correlate with variant host-finding behaviours will further our understanding of nematode biology.ResultsRNA-seq analysis revealed that whilst up to 28% of theS. carpocapsaetranscriptome was differentially expressed (P < 0.0001) between strains, remarkably few of the most highly differentially expressed genes (> 2 log2 fold change,P < 0.0001) were from neuronal gene families.S. carpocapsaeBreton displays increased chemotaxis toward the laboratory hostGalleria mellonella,relative to the other strains. This correlates with the up-regulation of four srsx chemosensory GPCR genes, and a sodium transporter gene,asic-2,relative to both ALL and UK1 strains. The UK1 strain exhibits a decreased nictation phenotype relative to ALL and Breton strains, which correlates with co-ordinate up-regulation of neuropeptide like protein 36 (nlp-36), and down-regulation of an srt family GPCR gene, and a distinctasic-2-likesodium channel paralogue.To further investigate the link between transcriptional regulation and behavioural variation, we sequenced microRNAs across IJs of each strain. We have identified 283 high confidence microRNA genes, yielding 321 predicted mature microRNAs inS. carpocapsae, and find that up to 36% of microRNAs are differentially expressed (P < 0.0001) between strains. Many of the most highly differentially expressed microRNAs (> 2 log2 fold, P < 0.0001) are predicted to regulate a variety of neuronal genes that may contribute to variant host-finding behaviours. We have also found evidence for differential gene isoform usage between strains, which alters predicted microRNA interactions, and could contribute to the diversification of behaviour.ConclusionsThese data provide insight to the transcriptional basis of behavioural variation inS. carpocapsae, supporting efforts to understand the molecular basis of complex behaviours in nematodes.
A review and synthesis of frameworks for engagement in health research to identify concepts of knowledge user engagement
Authors: Jull Janet E. , Davidson Laurie , Dungan Rachel , Nguyen Tram , Woodward Krista P. , Graham Ian D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundEngaging those who influence, administer and/or who are active users (“knowledge users”) of health care systems, as co-producers of health research, can help to ensure that research products will better address real world needs. Our aim was to identify and review frameworks of knowledge user engagement in health research in a systematic manner, and to describe the concepts comprising these frameworks.MethodsAn international team sharing a common interest in knowledge user engagement in health research used a consensus-building process to: 1) agree upon criteria to identify articles, 2) screen articles to identify existing frameworks, 3) extract, analyze data, and 4) synthesize and report the concepts of knowledge user engagement described in health research frameworks. We utilized the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute Engagement in Health Research Literature Explorer (PCORI Explorer) as a source of articles related to engagement in health research. The search includes articles from May 1995 to December 2017.ResultsWe identified 54 articles about frameworks for knowledge user engagement in health research and report on 15 concepts. The average number of concepts reported in the 54 articles isn = 7, and ranges fromn = 1 ton = 13 concepts. The most commonly reported concepts are: knowledge user - prepare, support (n = 44), relational process (n = 39), research agenda (n = 38). The least commonly reported concepts are: methodology (n = 8), methods (n = 10) and analysis (n = 18). In a comparison of articles that report how research was done (n = 26) versus how research should be done (n = 28), articles about how research was done report concepts more often and have a higher average number of concepts (n = 8 of 15) in comparison to articles about how research should be done (n = 6 of 15). The exception is the concept “evaluate” and that is more often reported in articles that describe how research should be done.ConclusionsWe propose that research teams 1) consider engagement with the 15 concepts as fluid, and 2) consider a form of partnered negotiation that takes place through all phases of research to identify and use concepts appropriate to their team needs. There is a need for further work to understand concepts for knowledge user engagement.
An AIDS patient with urine retention
Authors: Xu Lijun , Tao Ran , Zhao Qiyu , Cheng Jinlin , Zhu Biao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Cryptococcal prostatitis is a rare clinical disease and has never been reported in China.

Case presentation
We report on a male HIV-infected patient with pulmonary and prostate cryptococcosis that was misdiagnosed (as tuberculosis) and delayed diagnosed. Although the patients accepted anti-fungal treatment and anti-retroviral treatment finally, the physician’s mistakes reflect the rarity of this condition in China.

Conclusion
Cryptococcal prostatitis is a rare disease that unusually presents in immunodeficient patients. Physicians should have a heightened awareness of this particular infection in the immunodeficient population.
Does having a pet influence the physical activity of their young female owners?
Authors: Machová Kristýna , Daďová Klára , Chaloupková Helena , Svobodová Ivona 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Many studies have shown that having a dog has an impact on the increase in physical activity (PA) of people. However, what is often not taken into account in many such studies is owning of other pets. The aim of this study was to compare PA levels between animal owners and non-owners and to research potential differences between owners of different kinds of animals.

Method
111 young females of mean age 21 ± 1.2 years enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Czech version of short International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess PA level, supplemented with a question about whether they owned an animal and what kind.

Results
People who owned a pet had higher frequency and duration of moderate physical activity (MPA) and spent more MET/min/wk. (p < 0.05). This difference has projected into total PA duration and also into calories burned in a week. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference between subgroups of animal owners was also confirmed for MPA and total PA in favour of horse owners.

Conclusions
Animal owners generally reported higher PA levels compared to people who do not own any pets. However, similarly significant in this particular age group was the kind of animal these young women owned.
72 revision surgeries for aseptic failure after hip or knee arthroplasty: a prospective study with an extended diagnostic algorithm
Authors:   The PRIS Study group, Khalid Vesal , Schønheyder Henrik Carl , Nielsen Poul Torben , Kappel Andreas , Thomsen Trine Rolighed , Aleksyniene Ramune , Lorenzen Jan , Rasmussen Sten 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundUnrecognized periprosthetic joint infections are a concern in revision surgery for aseptic failure (AF) after total hip (THA) or knee (TKA) arthroplasties. A gold diagnostic standard does not exist. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of unrecognized periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in a cohort of revision for AF, using an experimental diagnostic algorithm.MethodsThe surgeons’ suspicion of AF was based primarily on patient history and clinical evaluation. X-ray imaging was used to reveal mechanical problems. To rule out an infectious aetiology standard blood biochemical tests were ordered in most patients. Evaluation followed the existing practice in the institute. Cases were included if revision surgery was planned for suspected AF. Intraoperatively, five synovial tissue biopsies were obtained routinely. PJI was defined as ≥3 positive cultures with the same microorganism(s). Patients were followed for 1 year postoperatively. Protocol samples included joint fluid, additional synovial tissue biopsies, bone biopsy, swabs from the implant surface, and sonication of retrieved components. Routine and protocol samples were cultured with extended incubation (14 days) and preserved for batchwise 16SrRNAgene amplification. Patients were stratified based on culture results and a clinical status was obtained at study end.ResultsA total of 72 revisions were performed on 71 patients (35 THA and 37 TKA). We found five of 72 cases of unrecognized PJI. Extended culture and protocol samples accounted for two of these. One patient diagnosed with AF was treated for a PJI during follow-up. The remaining patients did not change status from AF during follow-up.ConclusionsWe found a low prevalence of unrecognized periprosthetic joint infections in patients with an AF diagnosis. The algorithm strengthens the surgeons’ preoperative diagnosis of a non-infective condition. Evaluation for a failing TKA or THA is complex. Distinguishing between AF and PJI pre-operatively was a clinical decision. Our data did not support additional testing in routine revision surgery for AF.