bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal endoscopy during the coronavirus pandemic in the New York area: results from a multi-institutional survey
Authors: Mahadev Srihari , Aroniadis Olga C. , Barraza Luis H. , Agarunov Emil , Smith Michael S. , Goodman Adam J. , Benias Petros C. , Buscaglia Jonathan M. , Gross Seth A. , Kasmin Franklin , Cohen Jonathan , Carr-Locke David L. , Greenwald David , Mendelsohn Robin , Sethi Amrita , Gonda Tamas A. ,   (on behalf of NYSGE research committee)
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and measures taken to mitigate its impact, have profoundly affected the clinical care of gastroenterology patients and the work of endoscopy units. We aimed to describe the clinical care delivered by gastroenterologists and the type of procedures performed during the early to peak period of the pandemic.
Methods Endoscopy leaders in the New York region were invited to participate in an electronic survey describing operations and clinical service. Surveys were distributed on April 7, 2020 and responses were collected over the following week. A follow-up survey was distributed on April 20, 2020. Participants were asked to report procedure volumes and patient characteristics, as well protocols for staffing and testing for COVID-19.
Results Eleven large academic endoscopy units in the New York City region responded to the survey, representing every major hospital system. COVID patients occupied an average of 54.5 % (18 – 84 %) of hospital beds at the time of survey completion, with 14.5 % (2 %-23 %) of COVID patients requiring intensive care. Endoscopy procedure volume and the number of physicians performing procedures declined by 90 % (66 %-98 %) and 84.5 % (50 %-97 %) respectively following introduction of restricted practice. During this period the most common procedures were EGDs (7.9/unit/week; 88 % for bleeding; the remainder for foreign body and feeding tube placement); ERCPs (5/unit/week; for cholangitis in 67 % and obstructive jaundice in 20 %); Colonoscopies (4/unit/week for bleeding in 77 % or colitis in 23 %) and least common were EUS (3/unit/week for tumor biopsies). Of the sites, 44 % performed pre-procedure COVID testing and the proportion of COVID-positive patients undergoing procedures was 4.6 % in the first 2 weeks and up to 19.6 % in the subsequent 2 weeks. The majority of COVID-positive patients undergoing procedures underwent EGD (30.6 % COVID +) and ERCP (10.2 % COVID +).
Conclusions COVID-19 has profoundly impacted the operation of endoscopy units in the New York region. Our data show the impact of a restricted emergency practice on endoscopy volumes and the proportion of expected COVID positive cases during the peak time of the pandemic.
Wie erlebten Ausbildungskandidaten das allianzfokussierte Training im Rahmen der Psychotherapieausbildung? – Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Reuter Laurence , Walther Lena , Gumz Antje 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungEin kompetenter therapeutischer Umgang mit Spannungen und Krisen in der Therapiebeziehung ist mit dem Therapieerfolg assoziiert. Diesen Umgang zu erlernen und zu trainieren ist daher ein wesentliches Ziel der Therapieausbildung. Eine Methode, die speziell hierfür entwickelt wurde, ist das allianzfokussierte Training (AFT). Sieben Psychotherapeuten in Ausbildung wurden in halbstrukturierten Interviews vor und nach ihrer Teilnahme zu ihren Erwartungen an das AFT und ihren Erfahrungen mit dem AFT befragt. Die transkribierten Interviews wurden mit der Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) – Methode ausgewertet. In der Prä-Erhebung zeigten sich ambivalente Haltungen v. a. im Hinblick auf die im AFT ausgeübte selbstoffenbarende Haltung. In der Post-Erhebung wurden v. a. persönliche Entwicklungen und Lernzuwachs bzgl. des Umgangs mit Spannungen und Krisen beschrieben. Videoaufnahmen der Therapiesitzungen, Rollenspiele und Übungen zum Kommunizieren auf der Meta-Ebene wurden als sehr praxisrelevant und hilfreich erlebt. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass das AFT großes Potenzial zur Verbesserung der Psychotherapieausbildung hat.
Die frühe Phase der COVID-19-Pandemie in Bayern
Authors: Wjst Matthias 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Der Effekt von NPIs („nicht pharmakologische Interventionen“) beim Ausbruch von Epidemien ist unbestritten, sowohl bei historischen Ausbrüchen wie auch bei der aktuellen COVID-19-Pandemie. NPIs umfassen Maßnahmen wie Kontaktbeschränkungen oder Hygienevorschriften, die in abgestuften Schritten der aktuellen Lage angepasst werden. Die Auswirkung von NPIs wurde allerdings bisher kaum quantitativ untersucht.Methoden Aus den offiziellen Fallzahlen des Robert-Koch-Instituts in Berlin sowie Presse- und Twitter-Nachrichten wird eine Rekonstruktion der Frühphase der COVID-19-Pandemie 2020 in Bayern versucht.Ergebnisse Die ersten COVID-19-Fälle in Deutschland traten bereits Ende Januar in München auf. Während die Primärfälle erfolgreich durch Isolierung und Quarantäne eingegrenzt werden konnten, stellte sich die eigentliche Frühphase der COVID-19-Pandemie ab Ende Februar in 3 Phasen dar, bestehend aus den Winter-/Faschingsferien, den Starkbierfesten in der Folgewoche sowie den Wahlen am 15.03.2020. Der Notstand ab 16.03.2020 markiert das Ende der frühen Ausbreitung. Aus der Analyse der Fallzahlen ergibt sich ein weitgehend zusammenhängendes Bild, auch wenn viele epidemiologische Parameter noch fehlen. Die Ausbreitung begann in den Ferien und ging danach in ein exponentielles Wachstum über. Signifikant mehr Fälle wurden sowohl durch die Starkbierfeste, aber auch durch die bayerische Kommunalwahl registriert, jeweils im Vergleich zu Landkreisen mit der gleichen Prävalenz ohne Exposition. Bayern erreichte damit einen Spitzenplatz der Bundesländer, der sich auch durch restriktive Containment-Maßnahmen in den folgenden Wochen nicht mehr rückgängig machen lässt.Folgerung Um wirksam zu sein, müssen NPIs frühzeitig, möglichst vor Beginn der exponentiellen Ausbreitung, durchgeführt werden.
Underwater versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garg Rajat , Singh Amandeep , Mohan Babu P. , Mankaney Gautam , Regueiro Miguel , Chahal Prabhleen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) for colorectal polyps has been reported to have good outcomes in recent studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and safety of UEMR to conventional EMR (CEMR).
Methods A comprehensive search of multiple databases (through May 2020) was performed to identify studies that reported outcome of UEMR and CEMR for colorectal lesions. Outcomes assessed included incomplete resection, rate of recurrence, en bloc resection, adverse events (AEs) for UEMR and CEMR.
Results A total of 1,651 patients with 1,704 polyps were included from nine studies. There was a significantly lower rate of incomplete resection (odds ratio [OR]: 0.19 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.05–0.78, P = 0.02) and polyp recurrence (OR: 0.41, 95 % CI, 0.24–0.72, P = 0.002) after UEMR. Compared to CEMR, rates overall complications (relative risk [RR]: 0.66 (95 % CI, 0.48–0.90) (P = 0.008), and intra-procedural bleeding (RR: 0.59, 95 % CI, 0.41–0.84, P = 0.004) were significantly lower with UEMR. The recurrence rate was also lower for large non-pedunculated polyps ≥ 10 mm (OR 0.24, 95 % CI, 0.10–0.57, P = 0.001) and ≥ 20 mm (OR 0.14, 95 % CI, 0.02–0.72, P = 0.01). The rates of en bloc resection, delayed bleeding, perforation and post-polypectomy syndrome were similar in both groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusions In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that UEMR is more effective and safer than CEMR with lower rates of recurrence and AEs. UEMR use should be encouraged over CEMR.
Primary obesity surgery endoluminal (POSE-2) procedure for treatment of obesity in clinical practice
Authors: Lopez Nava Gontrand , Asokkumar Ravishankar , Laster Janese , Negi Anuradha , Normand Enrique , Fook-Chong Stephanie , Bautista-Castaño Inmaculada 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The POSE-2 procedure shortens and narrows the stomach using multiple full-thickness plications in the gastric body. We studied the efficacy and safety of POSE-2 for obesity at 1 year in a real-world setting.
Methods We reviewed the records of 75 patients who underwent POSE-2 at our unit. The primary outcome was percentage total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 1 year. Secondary outcomes were safety and durability. We used linear mixed model analysis.
Results 46 patients completed 1 year. Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 49.3 years (standard deviation [SD] 10.2) and 38.2 kg/m2 (SD 6.6), respectively. Technical success rate was 98.7 % (n = 74). Mean TBWL, %TBWL, and BMI decline at 1 year were 20 kg (SD 12.7), 17.8 % (SD 9.5), 7 kg/m2 (SD 4.3). Adverse events occurred in four patients. The median length of stay was 1 day. Endoscopy at 1 year in 15 patients showed intact sutures and a reduction in gastric length compared with baseline (26.9 cm [SD 5.3] vs. 35.7 cm [SD 3.5]; P < 0.001).
Conclusion POSE-2 induced significant weight loss at 1 year. It appears to be safe, durable, and required only a short hospital stay.
Decompression and Neurolysis of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve in the Surgical Treatment of Meralgia Paresthetica and the Results
Authors: Kıbıcı Kenan , Erok Berrin , Atca Ali Önder 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMeralgia paresthetica (MP), also known as Bernhardt–Roth syndrome, is a peripheral neuropathy of the primary sensory lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). Its diagnosis is challenging, because it can mimic other clinical conditions particularly associated with upper lumbar spine or pelvis. Patients present with pain and paresthesia over the anterolateral thigh. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical examination and is supported by sensory nerve conduction (SNC) studies. The initial treatment is always conservative. In limited number of patients who are refractory to conservative managements, surgical treatment via decompression/neurolysis or neurectomy is concerned. There is still no consensus on which surgical technique is the best and the first choice. We retrospectively analyzed the surgical outcomes of 12 nonobese patients who underwent decompression/neurolysis between the years 2013 and 2018. Bilateral SNC studies were performed in all cases which supported the diagnosis. We applied conservative treatments for 3 months in addition to the treatments previously applied in other centers. Surgery was recommended for the patients who were refractory to these treatments. Preoperative and postoperative pain levels during follow-up visits were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS). A retrospective analysis was performed on preoperative and postoperative 6th month VAS scores. The mean preoperative VAS value was 8.75 ± 0.62 and the postoperative VAS value at the sixth month was 1.17 ± 0.72. A significant reduction in the pain was shown (p < 0.05). Our surgical results showed that decompression/neurolysis of the LFCN should be concerned as the primary surgical approach to avoid negative outcomes of resection surgeries.
The Spanish verb-particle construction [V para atrás]
Authors: Wiesinger Evelyn 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spanish verb-particle constructions such as llamar para atrás ‘call back’ or ir para atrás ‘go back’, which are found among bilingual speakers in the USA, have been attributed either to structural and/or semantic contact with English or to merely language-internal evolutions.
In the present contribution, I provide a qualitative corpus study on the role of [V para atrás] in European, Mexican, and US Spanish, combining a constructional framework with cognitive-semantic, variational and pragmatic-functional approaches.
The study reveals that [V para atrás] can be considered a constructional idiom situated in the middle range between lexicon and syntax in all three varieties under study. It also shows that [V para atrás] in US Spanish differs from European and Mexican Spanish with regard to its extended combinatorial properties and the degree of meaning extensions from the spatial into the aspectual domain. These findings allow a more nuanced view on the role of language contact and constructional change, since the properties of US Spanish [V para atrás] can be modelled via intra- and interlingual inheritance links in the cognitive network of bilingual speakers.
Non-Dravidian elements and (non)diasystematic change in Malayalam
Authors: Namboodiripad Savithry 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter applies a Diasystematic Construction Grammar (DCxG) approach to account for non-Dravidian vocabulary and phonology in Malayalam, a high-contact Dravidian language. The distinction made in DCxG between diaconstructions, which are language non-specific, and idioconstructions, which are language-specific, proves useful in accounting for semantic specialization and phonological heterogeneity due to language contact. Notably, increased contact with English has led in some cases to decreased phonological adaptation, as some constructions change from diaconstructions to idioconstructions: Non-diasystematic change. Taken together, this chapter argues that any analysis of Malayalam must account for non-Dravidian subpatterns, and including language labels as part of speakers’ linguistic knowledge enhances our understanding of the dynamics of language contact.
Something I was dealing with
Authors: Jach Daniel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This contribution adopts a usage-based construction grammar approach to describe the word order variation between fronting (e.g., something with which I was dealing) and stranding (e.g., something which I was dealing with) in English as a second language. Using regression analysis, preposition placement in relative clauses is correlated with multiple usage-based variables, including specific lexical items and strings (e.g., with which, deal with). The results suggest that learners acquire a network of form-meaning constructions which represent their language use at multiple levels of schematicity, ranging from lexically specific prototypes to cross-linguistically shared representations. Moreover, effects of proficiency and lexical strings indicate that constructions remain adaptable to usage throughout learners’ lifetime and involve predictive knowledge, suggesting a dynamic view of constructions.
The week after running a marathon: Effects of running vs elliptical training vs resting on neuromuscular performance and muscle damage recovery
Authors: Martínez‐Navarro I. , Montoya‐Vieco A. , Hernando C. , Hernando B. , Panizo N. , Collado E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOur aim was to compare the effects of two exercise modalities vs resting on the time course of neuromuscular performance and muscle damage recovery during the week after running a marathon. Sixty‐four finishers from a road marathon completed the study (54 men and 10 women; 39 ± 4 years; 3 h 35 min ± 21 min). The day before the race, within 15 min after finishing the marathon and at 24, 48, 96, 144 and 192 h postrace, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase were analysed. Participants also performed a squat jump (SJ) test before and after the marathon and at 48, 96 and 144 h postrace. On their arrival to the finish line, participants were randomized into one of the three intervention groups: running (RUN), elliptical training (ELIP) and resting recovery (REST). RUN and ELIP groups exercised continuously for 40 min at a moderate intensity (95–105% of the HR corresponding to the first ventilatory threshold) at 48, 96 and 144 h after the marathon. Neither ‘Intervention’ factor nor ‘Intervention x Time’ interaction effects were revealed for muscle damage blood markers (p > 0.05). On the other hand, RUN group evidenced an enhancement in SJ performance 96 h post‐marathon as compared with REST group (108.29 ± 10.64 vs 100.58 ± 9.16%, p = 0.020, d = 0.80). Consequently, return to running at 48 h post‐marathon does not seem to have a negative impact on muscle damage recovery up to eight days post‐race and it could be recommended in order to speed up neuromuscular recovery.
On the occasion of the 80th birthday of L.P. Nesenyuk, a talented designer and developer of modern gyroscopic technology
Authors: Peshehonov V. G. , Stepanov O. A. , Yashnikova O. M. , Litvinenko Yu. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article is in honor of the 80th birthday of Leonid P. Nesenyuk (1940–2009), Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, the Winner of the Russian Government Prize, Laureate of the N.N. Ostryakov Prize, the scientist who has made a significant contribution to the development of modern gyroscopy.
Distributed algorithms for tracking the trajectories of many objects by the set of mobile sensors
Authors: Ivanskiy Yury , Sergeenko Anna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We consider a dynamic network system of multiple heterogeneous sensors collaborating among themselves to estimate an unknown signal of interest. That communication capability is essential because individual senors cannot fulfill the task due to the lack of necessary information. This paper considers the distributed estimation or tracking problem and focuses on combining two algorithms: Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA) and consensus Local Voting Protocol (LVP). The new distributed algorithm is proposed for network systems under wide range of uncertainties including unknown-but-bounded drift of parameters and noise in observations. The suggested approach is illustrated by an application of the proposed algorithm to the solving the multisensor-multitarget problem.
Application of differential evolution algorithm in the problems of gliding descent optimization
Authors: Elisov N A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Despite the closure of the Space Shuttle program, spaceplane remain a promising vehicle, which is being developed in many countries, such as USA, European Union and China. Interest in spaceplane is due to the possibility of their reusability and wider maneuverability in comparison with reentry capsule. However, it’s reusability is directly related to satisfying the temperature limit while descending from orbit. Also, the spaceplane has ricochets in its trajectory due to a high lift-to-drag ratio that decreases landing accuracy. The paper aim is the synthesis of an optimal control program in the problems of gliding descent to the maximizing longitudinal range and lateral range with temperature limitation and the absence of ricochets. The synthesis of the optimal trajectory can be obtained by the control channels of attack angle and bank angle. The approach is to represent the control channels of attack angle and bank angle in the form of Fourier series, and the search for the optimal solution is carried out using the differential evolution algorithm. The paper presents the results of solving problems using a different number of the Fourier series terms.
Change of mechanical structures of spacecraft with variable quantity of degrees of freedom in purposes of reaction/momentum wheels unloading
Authors: Doroshin A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The using of the released (“defreezed”) additional degrees of freedom is considered to control by the relative angular momentum of reaction/momentum wheels and to unload this relative angular momentum. The change of the relative angular momentum of wheels is fulfilled with the help of its translation to additional internal rotors and main body of spacecraft.
Fusion of inertial and optical data for monitoring the geometry of the rail track
Authors: Boronakhin A M , Filatov Yu V , Larionov D Yu , Podgornaya L N , Tkachenko A N , Shalymov R V , Yen Nguyen Trong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Methods and means of monitoring the state of the rail track by a number of key geometric parameters are analyzed. The concept of joint use of inertial and optical technologies as an accurate and cost-effective solution in this area is proposed. An assessment of the influence of errors of individual measuring modules of an optical-inertial diagnostic system on the accuracy of determining the geometric parameters of a rail track has been carried out. Questions related to the recognition of the rail image in the readings of optical sensors against the background of stray lighting and sun glares are touched upon. Attention is paid to the methods of obtaining a priori data on the position of the rail head profile on the matrix of the scanner camera. The results of experimental testing of the proposed solutions are presented. The current approach to the indirect assessment of the dynamical behavior of a railway mobile unit’s bogie in a track is analyzed. An approach is proposed for direct control of this dynamics without introducing an intermediate parameter of equivalent conicity.
Digital Excitation Channel for Ring Micromechanical Gyroscope
Authors: Goncharov I K , Mayorov D V , Kostornoy A N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This research is devoted to the design of a digital excitation channel for a ring micromechanical gyroscope. The main methods of excitation of oscillations in angular rate vibration sensors were considered. The possibility of using a self-oscillating mode of operation for a ring resonator has been demonstrated. A mathematical model of operation of such system was created for this purpose. Besides a prototype electronics was built. It has experimentally confirmed the operability of the digital oscillation excitation channel and the possibility of stable maintenance of the oscillation velocity amplitude.
Technologies of microsystem technique and nanosensorics
Authors: Pavelyev V S , Tukmakov K N , Agafonov A N , Tripathi N , Kumar S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Present article deals with microsystem technology and nanosensors. We covered the properties and synthesis technology of Carbon Nanomaterials. The detailed discussion has been made on synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by thermal chemical vapour deposition (CVD) while reduced graphene oxide by modified Hummers method. Further, as grown Carbon nanomaterials have been used for developing optical detector for visible to near infrared range and Nitrogen Dioxide gas sensor.
From micro to nano. Problems of modeling of nanoelectromechanical sensors
Authors: Barulina M A , Galkina S A , Markelova O V , Golikova O V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Microelectromechanical (MEMS) sensors are a class of devices that appeared relatively recently, only 50-60 years ago but are widely used in various fields of science and technology due to such characteristics as small sizes, low power consumption, and sufficient accuracy. The next step in miniaturization led to the creation of nanoelectromechanical sensors (NEMS) – measuring instruments that combine electronic and mechanical components that do not exceed 100 nm in size. On the one hand, the development and manufacture of NEMS require a high level of nanotechnologies. On the other hand, the development and manufacture of NEMS lead to the development of new materials with new effects such as surface and quantum effects. At the same time, the range of tasks that can be solved with using NEMS is quite wide – it’s expecting that the mass implementations of NEMS sensors and devices on their base can significantly improve the quality of people’s life, expand their physical capabilities, or compensate disadvantages. For NEMS, as well as for MEMS, such issues as temperature influence, electronic and mechanical noises, the possibility of chaotic outside signal appearance, and so on are relevant. However, because of the small sizes of NEMS, classical approaches may not be fully applicable to solving these issues. Besides that, during the NEMS design, the bunch of specific problems that not relevant for MEMS has appeared. The article provides a brief review of the state of developments in the area of NEMS sensors and problems that significant for NEMS due to their small size.