bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of compression ratio on physical and mechanical properties of bamboo oriented strand board
Authors: Maulana S , Sumardi I , Wistara N J , Kim N H , Febrianto F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of a bamboo-oriented strand board (BOSB) under various compression ratios. The raw material of BOSB was betung (Dendrocalamus asper) strand that steamed and followed by rinsing with a 1% NaOH solution. BOSB with the dimensions of 30 × 30 × 0.9 cm3 were manufactured with a compression ratio of five levels i.e. 1.15; 1.25; 1.35; 1.44; and 1.54. Three layers of BOSB were made with a shelling ratio of 50:50. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesive (SC=43%) was added with 8% concentration, while paraffin was used as much as 1% of the dry weight of the oven strand. Strand geometry evaluation was carried out on 100 strands randomly. The physical and mechanical properties were evaluated according to JIS A 5908-2003. The results showed that relatively homogeny strand geometry in this research was suitable to manufacture of BOSB. Increasing in BOSB compression ratio up to 1.54 increased mechanical properties. However, the increase of the BOSB compression ratio was decreased the dimensional stability. The optimum BOSB compression ratio was 1.35.
Verification of seismic resistant performance of developed original cross-laminated timber core structure method by shaking table experiment
Authors: Gunawan I , Moritani K , Isoda H , Mori T , Shinohara M , Noda T , Hosomi R , Kurumada S , Makita T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In recent years, development of wood engineering is gradually increasing. Instead of using many wood columns, cross laminated timber is expected for constructing spacious open space building. Since cross-laminated timber has high rigidity and strength, cross-laminated timber is expected to be used as earthquake resistant wall or floor diaphragm that makes the span of building can be increased and the position of the wall can be adjusted openly. In order to optimize the performance of cross-laminated timber for open space building, original cross laminated timber core structure method was developed. In this paper, the development concept of original cross laminated timber core structure method will be explained. In this method, the joint connection for each element such as joint connection for wall-concrete foundation, wall-beam, and wall to hanging wall was also developed. The experiment to verify the strength and rigidity of each connection has been conducted and the result will be described. The shaking table experiment of 3-story open space building constructed by original cross laminated timber structure using varies earthquake waves was conducted. In this experiment natural period, shear force for each floor, story drift, and building response data is taken. The result shows the structure designed by original CLT core structure method is satisfy the requirement based on Japan cross-laminated panel structure regulation.
Performance of helical router bit in milling of composite boards
Authors: Pangestu K T P , Darmawan W , Nandika D , Wahyudi I , Usuki H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An extreme inclination angle of helical cutting tool edge has been developed in milling of new commercially composite boards. The purpose of this research was to investigate wear resistance, chip formation, surface roughness, and noise level of helical edge router bits in milling composite boards. The composite boards of wood plastic composite, laminated veneer lumber, and strand board were cut by the helical edge router bits (helical angle 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°) in a computer numerical control router. The results show that the helical edges provide better wear resistance, smoother surface of machined composite boards, and lower noise emission compared to the conventional edge (0°). Edge wear, surface roughness, and noise level decreased with increasing helix angle of the edge router bits. The differences in structure among the composite boards resulted in the difference in cutting tool wear, chip formation, surface roughness, and noise level phenomenon. The 75° inclination angle of router bit provided the highest wear resistance, better surface of machined composite board, and the lowest noise level.
Wood decay diagnostic of Joannesia princeps Vellozo at Bali Botanical Garden using arborsonic acoustic 3D tomograph
Authors: Hanum S F , Iryadi R , Rahayu A , Bangun T M , Darma I D P , Sutomo  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Living collection such as tree in botanical garden has hazard risk. Tree hazard risk must be evaluated to give safety for visitor and employee. However, standing tree with decay wood inside is often the cause of tree failure. Internal tree defect such as wood decay cannot be seen only from visual investigation but must be done with ArborSonic acoustic tomograph to get accurate result. The objective of this research was to diagnostics wood decay in the stand of Joannesia princeps Vellozo tree using visual investigation and ArborSonic measurement technology. The result shows Joannesia princeps has severe damage cause of wood decay especially in the base of the trunk. Wood decay percentage range from 21-49%. The alleged caused of this damage is stem borer and termites. This information give advantage for Bali Botanical Garden manager to minimize this tree hazard risk by doing activity such as crown pruning, give hazard risk tree sign to limit activity around this tree and do pest management.
Sustainability of masoyi (Cryptocarya Massoy (Oken) Kosterm) for essential oil industry materials
Authors: Yeny I , Darwo  , Nuroniah H S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Excessive exploitation without cultivation caused harvest of masoyi (Cryptocarya Massoy (Oken) Kosterm) from forest to be more difficult. Cultivation outside of natural habitat becomes important to ensure sustainable masoyi oil production. This research presents information on the prospects for cultivation and growth rates of masoyi plants outside natural habitats. The research method used a plot design conducted at three locations, namely (1) Haurbentes Research Forest, Bogor Regency, West Java Province; (2) Boalemo Protection Forest Management Unit (PFMU), Gorontalo Province; and (3) community land in East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The results showed that the soil characteristics in the Haurbentes Research Forest were more suitable for masoyi plant growth. This is because the Haurbentes area has a texture of clay dust, climate classification tipe A. However, the characteristics of growing areas in Boalemo and East Lombok showed that masoyi plants were still able to grow. Thus, masoyi plants have the potential to be cultivated outside their natural habitat.
Health asessment of large and old trees in Ragunan Zoo, Jakarta
Authors: Nandika D , Kusuma H , Kusumawardhani D T , Rumiyati E , Tata  , Karlinasari L , Siregar I Z 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTaman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR) or Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta is the largest zoo in Indonesia. The zoo has around 52,700 trees that serve as part of the landscape and shades for animals and visitors. However, the presence of the trees in zoo also carries some risks, such as broken branches or even falling trees, that may threaten the safety of the animals, visitors, and infrastructures. Because most of the trees are large and old with high historical and ecological values, their health needs to be evaluated regularly. A study was conducted to evaluate it with around fifty selected trees, particularly the ones that were old and located closest to the targets (i.e. animals, visitors, infrastructures). The evaluation used visual observation as well as integrated with sonic tomography technology. The result showed that five trees (10%) were healthy and safe, 31 trees (62%) were healthy and fairly safe, 12 trees (24%) were less healthy and fairly dangerous, and the rest trees were unhealthy or dangerous and very dangerous. The most common defects found in them are poor tree architecture (62%), root problems (58%), and codominant trunks or branches (40%). Therefore, it is vital to take care of the tree health in Ragunan Zoo. Trees with the risk of endangering its surroundings need to be cut off immediately. Biomechanics on sloping trees with codominant trunks need to be strengthened with the help of dynamic bracing sling system and support.
Knowledge transfer on sustainable bamboo forest management through social capital approach in Ngada Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo B D , Ekawati D , Djaenudin D , Suryandari E Y , Indartik  , Handoyo  , Sari G K , Pamungkas D 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBamboo is known as multi-purposes plants and currently, has potentially used as wood substitution products. The demand for bamboo from industrial sector is even higher. Although many countries have practiced bamboo cultivation, in Indonesia Bamboo tends to be allowed to grow naturally and still lack of treatment. The threat of unsustainable exploitation can cause the decreasing of bamboo productivity and lead to its scarcity. The sustainable bamboo forest management system then emerged as a solution. But the knowledge of such system has not been transmitted massively among bamboo farmers and owners. This paper will discuss the transfer of knowledge on sustainable bamboo forest management using social capital as an approach. This paper uses data from research project conducted in 2018 to 2019, which is located in Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The results indicated that social capitals such as trust, organizations, social networks, and norms or rules are embedded with social institutions that exist among community. This research shows thatSa’oand BUMDes could be the most potential media as a means on transferring knowledge about sustainable bamboo forest systems. Both can be used as an entry point for any actors to run a small-scale bamboo industry development program. However, there are some potential obstacles could be occurred during the process of knowledge transfer, such as in-group feeling among indigenous community, the assumption that bamboo is a social good, not an economic good, do not concerned with the commercialization of bamboo, the complexity of inheritance law in the customary (adat) system, and the involvement ofadatelites in political practices related local elections.
Elementary branching: waves, rays, decoherence
Authors: Berry M V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The ‘elementary particle’ of branched flow is the splitting of waves and rays into localised branches at an individual cusped caustic. Localisation is the result of noise in the incident beam: decoherence for waves, here modelled analytically by random phases, or irregularity in the rays, here modelled by transverse smoothing. The two models coincide as the localisation emerges with increasing noise.
Pre-protection strategy performed in processable aqueous dispersions of TiS2 nanosheets to fabricate laminar films with improved electric properties
Authors: Ding Wenjun , Jiang Qinglin , Liu Guoqiang , Xu Liming , Liu Peng , Liu Jing , Jiang Fengxing , Liu Peipei , Liu Congcong , Xu Jingkun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Processable aqueous dispersions of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) nanosheets show extraordinary promise in assembling laminar films for a variety of applications but are usually limited by the oxidation of adsorbed water molecular on the edge and defect regions, which damage the stability of the colloidal solution and electric properties of the resulted films. In this work, we developed a pre-protection strategy by adding ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na) as the protective agent into TiS2 nanosheets aqueous dispersions. The introduction of EDTA-2Na can effectively slow down the adsorption and decomposition of confined water molecules and enhance the oxidation resistance of TiS2 nanosheets in the colloidal solution. Compared with the untreated TiS2 nanosheets, the storage time of the pre-protected nanosheets in aqueous dispersions can be significantly improved, and the electrical conductivity of prepared laminar films as thermoelectric materials also increased from 2.43 × 103 S m−1 to 1.51 × 104 S m−1. Our exploration provides a new concept performed in aqueous solution for the protection of TMDs nanosheets, which can be adopted to fabricate TMDs films with stable electric properties by controlling the assembly process of colloidal chemistry
Preparation and photocatalytic properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 for H2 production
Authors: Wang Jiansheng , Zeng Xiongfeng , Zhao Yingna , Zhang Wenli 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production under visible light irradiation has been reported together with CZTS nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and hydrothermal method, respectively. CZTS thin film provided higher H2 production rate (68.68 μmol · g−1 · h−1), which was 32 times higher than that of CZTS nanoparticles (2.08 μmol · g−1 · h−1) without loading any noble metals. What’s more, photocatalytic activity of CZTS thin film remained 94% after 48 h which confirmed the good stability and reusability of CZTS thin film. CZTS thin film is a potential and durable candidate for photocatalysis.
Comprehensive investigation into the stability of Varian and Elekta kV imaging systems during arc delivery
Authors: Wright Brendon , Hassan Ghulam Mubashar , Mukwada Godfrey , Ebert Martin , Goodall Simon , Sabet Mahsheed , Rowshanfarzad Pejman 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In radiotherapy treatments utilizing accelerator gantry rotation, gantry-mounted kilovoltage (kV) imaging systems have become integral to treatment verification. The accuracy of such verification depends on the stability of the imaging components during gantry rotation. In this study, a simple measurement method and accurate algorithm are introduced for investigation of the kV panel and source movement during gantry rotation. The method is based on images of a ball-bearing phantom combined with a Winston-Lutz phantom, and determines the movements of all the mechanical parameters of the kV imaging system relative to the reference at zero gantry angle. Analysis was performed on different linear accelerators and both gantry rotation directions. The precision of the method was tested and was less than 0.04 mm. This method is suitable to be included in the quality assurance testing of linacs to monitor the kV imaging system performance and provides additional mechanical information that previous tests cannot.
Cosmological constant caused by observer-induced boundary condition
Authors: Stenflo Jan O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The evolution of the wave function in quantum mechanics is deterministic like that of classical waves. Only when we bring in observers the fundamentally different quantum reality emerges. Similarly the introduction of observers changes the nature of spacetime by causing a split between past and future, concepts that are not well defined in the observer-free world. The induced temporal boundary leads to a resonance condition for the oscillatory vacuum solutions of the metric in Euclidean time. It corresponds to an exponential de Sitter evolution in real time, which can be represented by a cosmological constant

Λ
=
2

π

2

/

r

u

2

, where r

u
is the radius of the particle horizon at the epoch when the observer exists. For the present epoch we get a value of Λ that agrees with the observed value within 2σ of the observational errors. This explanation resolves the cosmic coincidence problem. Our epoch in cosmic history does not herald the onset of an inflationary phase driven by some dark energy. We show that the observed accelerated expansion that is deduced from the redshifts is an ‘edge effect’ due to the observer-induced boundary and not representative of the intrinsic evolution. The new theory satisfies the BBN (Big Bang nucleosynthesis) and CMB (cosmic microwave background) observational constraints equally well as the concordance model of standard cosmology. There is no link between the dark energy and dark matter problems. Previous conclusions that dark matter is mainly non-baryonic are not affected.
Care Starts at Home: Emotional State and Appeals to Altruism may Reduce Demand for Overused Health Services in the UK
Authors: Powell Philip A , Roberts Jennifer , Gabbay Mark , Consedine Nathan S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Overuse of unnecessary services, screening tests, and treatments is an ongoing problem for national health care systems. Overuse is at least partly driven by patient demand.

Purpose
This study examined whether altering patients’ emotional state and appealing to patient altruism would reduce demand for three commonly overused UK health services.

Methods
In an online experiment, 1,267 UK volunteers were randomized to anxiety, compassion, or neutral conditions before viewing three overuse vignettes. In each vignette, use of the health service was recommended against by the doctor and participants were further randomized to one of three altruism frames, emphasizing the impact of overuse on the self, the self and others locally, or the self and others nationally. Participants rated the likelihood that they would pursue the health service and, assuming that they did not, how long they would be willing-to-wait for it.

Results
Altruism frame had a small effect on intentions to use the health service. Those in the local or national (vs. self) frame were 4.7 and 6.1 percentage points, respectively, less likely to ask for the service. Emotion induction had no direct effect on outcomes. However, self-reporting higher levels of anxiety or compassion post-induction was associated with a small, greater likelihood in intentions to ask for the health service or willingness-to-wait, respectively. No interactions between frame and emotion were observed.

Conclusions
As a low-cost initiative, emphasizing the benefits to the self and local or national communities could be embedded in appeals designed to appropriately reduce health care overuse in the UK.
Environmental hazards increase the fall risk among residents of long-term care facilities: a prospective study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Jiang Yu , Xia Qinghua , Zhou Peng , Jiang Shuo , Diwan Vinod K , Xu Biao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Falls are one of the most common safety concerns in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).

Objective
To evaluate the associations between the environmental hazards and the fall risk in LTCF residents.

Design
Prospective study with 12-month follow-up.

Setting
Twenty-five LTCFs in a central district of Shanghai.

Subjects
A total of 739 older people participated and 605 were followed up for 1 year.

Methods
Environmental hazards were measured using a 75-item Environment Assessment Checklist, and the associations between environmental hazards and falls were analysed using univariate and multilevel logistic regressions.

Results
The incidence of falls was 0.291 per person with 11 items/LTCF of hazards on average. The most common hazard items were inadequate/inappropriate handrails (96% LTCFs; odds ratio (OR) for falls: 1.88 [95% confidence interval: 1.13–3.13]), unsafe floors (92% LTCFs; 2.50 [1.11–5.61]) and poor lighting (84% LTCFs; 2.01 [1.10–3.66]). Environmental hazards were most frequently distributed in bedrooms (96% LTCFs), shared toilets/showers (80% LTCFs) and individual toilets/showers (68%LTCFs) and accounted for 20% of the differences in falls occurrence among the LTCFs. After adjusting for individual intrinsic and fall-related behavioural factors, it is found that having more than eight environmental hazard items increased the fall risk among older residents (adjusted OR = 4.01 [1.37–11.73]). Environmental hazards and toilet visits at night showed significant associations with falls (adjusted OR = 5.97 [1.10–32.29]).

Conclusions
The high prevalence of environmental hazards associated with falls highlights the urgency of improving environmental safety in LTCFs and the need of environmental safety policies, resource allocation and interventions in falls prevention.
Automated download and clean-up of family-specific databases for kmer-based virus identification
Authors: Allesøe Rosa L , Lemvigh Camilla K , Phan My V T , Clausen Philip T L C , Florensa Alfred F , Koopmans Marion P G , Lund Ole , Cotten Matthew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Summary
Here, we present an automated pipeline for Download Of NCBI Entries (DONE) and continuous updating of a local sequence database based on user-specified queries. The database can be created with either protein or nucleotide sequences containing all entries or complete genomes only. The pipeline can automatically clean the database by removing entries with matches to a database of user-specified sequence contaminants. The default contamination entries include sequences from the UniVec database of plasmids, marker genes and sequencing adapters from NCBI, an E.coli genome, rRNA sequences, vectors and satellite sequences. Furthermore, duplicates are removed and the database is automatically screened for sequences from green fluorescent protein, luciferase and antibiotic resistance genes that might be present in some GenBank viral entries, and could lead to false positives in virus identification. For utilizing the database, we present a useful opportunity for dealing with possible human contamination. We show the applicability of DONE by downloading a virus database comprising 37 virus families. We observed an average increase of 16 776 new entries downloaded per month for the 37 families. In addition, we demonstrate the utility of a custom database compared to a standard reference database for classifying both simulated and real sequence data.

Availabilityand implementation
The DONE pipeline for downloading and cleaning is deposited in a publicly available repository (https://bitbucket.org/genomicepidemiology/done/src/master/).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Varmole: a biologically drop-connect deep neural network model for prioritizing disease risk variants and genes
Authors: Nguyen Nam D , Jin Ting , Wang Daifeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Summary
Population studies such as genome-wide association study have identified a variety of genomic variants associated with human diseases. To further understand potential mechanisms of disease variants, recent statistical methods associate functional omic data (e.g. gene expression) with genotype and phenotype and link variants to individual genes. However, how to interpret molecular mechanisms from such associations, especially across omics, is still challenging. To address this problem, we developed an interpretable deep learning method, Varmole, to simultaneously reveal genomic functions and mechanisms while predicting phenotype from genotype. In particular, Varmole embeds multi-omic networks into a deep neural network architecture and prioritizes variants, genes and regulatory linkages via biological drop-connect without needing prior feature selections.

Availability and implementation
Varmole is available as a Python tool on GitHub at https://github.com/daifengwanglab/Varmole.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.