bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islet β-Cell Function Following 4.4-Year Insulin Injection in Chinese Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ling Wei , Yi HUANG , Yan-Hua XIAO , Yan-Mei HUANG , Yang-Fu OU , Xue-Zhi HONG , Hai-Lu ZHAO 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to scrutinize changes of islet β-cell function in Chinese elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after insulin versus oral anti-diabetic (OAD) treatments. Methods In this prospective study, islet β-cell function was determined by oral glucose tolerance test-derived fasting C-peptide, maximal C-peptide, C-peptide area under the curve (AUC c-pep ) and fasting c-pep /fasting glu , maximal c-pep /maximal glu , AUC c-pep /AUC glu . Differences in β-cell function indices between baseline and follow-up were compared among insulin monotherapy, OAD monotherapy and combined therapies. Results From 2009 to 2017, 419 elderly patients (men: 51.1%) with T2DM (insulin monotherapy, n=105; OAD monotherapy, n=172; insulin + OAD, n=142) had undergone baseline and follow-up β-cell function assessment after a mean observation of 4.4 (range, 3.0 - 7.2) years. Overall, islet β-cell function indices were decreased in all the three groups: insulin (fasting C-peptide: p=0.002; maximal C-peptide: p=0.005; fasting c-pep /fasting glu : p=0.015; maximal c-pep /maximal glu : p=0.031), OAD (fasting C-peptide: p=0.026; maximal C-peptide: p=0.013; fasting c-pep /fasting glu : p=0.025; maximal c-pep /maximal glu : p=0.029), insulin + OAD (fasting C-peptide: p<0.001; maximal C-peptide: p<0.001; fasting c-pep /fasting glu : p=0.015; maximal c-pep /maximal glu : p=0.019). No significant differences of reduction were observed among the three groups regarding the fasting C-peptide (p=0.437), fastingc-pep/fastingglu (p=0.598), maximalc-pep/maximalglu (p=0.756), AUCc-pep (p=0.856) and AUCc-pep/AUCglu (p=0.912). However, the OAD treatment group had showed a less reduction level over insulin or insulin + OAD treatment. Conclusions In Chinese elderly patients with T2DM, islet β-cell function indices progressively decline regardless of insulin supplement or insulin plus OAD treatments. However, patients with OAD monotherapy may provide better β-cell function preservation than the insulin treatments.
Machine learning approach for the binary classification of biomedical literature
Authors: Price Anna , Mort Matthew , Cooper David N. , Ashelford Kevin E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: We have applied machine learning techniques to automate the screening of biomedical literature prior to the manual curation of clinical databases such as performed by the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD). Methods: We have developed two machine learning models, one based on title and abstract data only, the other on the full text of the article. The models were built using a Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline and a logistic regression classifier. Our pipelines are implemented in Python and can be run using Docker. They are made available to the wider community via GitHub (https://github.com/annacprice/nlp-bio-tools) and Docker Hub. Results: During testing, both models performed well, correctly predicting HGMD relevant articles more than 93% of the time and correctly discarding irrelevant articles more than 96% of the time, with Matthews Correlation Coefficients (MCC's) of over 0.89. Evaluation of the finalised model using an unseen validation dataset demonstrated that the full text model correctly predicted HGMD-relevant articles more than 97% of the time, an accuracy 9.5% higher than that obtained with the title/abstract model. Conclusions: Through this work we have demonstrated that machine learning models can act as an effective pre-screen of biomedical literature, with the results indicating that a full text approach to screening biomedical literature is preferable to using just the title/abstract data.
WITHDRAWN: The utilization of paranasal sinus coronal tomography scans as a predictor for the anterior ethmoidal artery course.
Authors: Al-Balas Hasan , Nuseir Amjad , Alzoubi Firas , Alomari Ahmad , Al-Balas Bayan , Aleshawi Abdelwahab 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background. This study aims to identify radiological features on paranasal sinus coronal tomography images that can guide the surgeon to localize and determine the course of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA). These features include the visualization of anterior ethmoidal foramen (AEF) and anterior ethmoidal sulcus (AES) as well as the supraorbital pneumatization (SOP). Methods. This retrospective study includes 182 of the paranasal sinuses coronal tomography (CT) for patients who attended the clinic from January 2019 to August 2019 in King Abdullah University Hospital. We excluded the following images from our study: patients younger than twelve years old, patients with a sinus surgery record or trauma, patients with sinus malignancies, congenital anomalies of the face, images with fibro-osseous lesions that impaired the visualization of ethmoid roof, and images with opacified frontal recess region and/or the ethmoidal cells.Results. Both AEF and AES are prominent features on the coronal CT scan that are used to localize the AEA canal and predict its course in the ethmoid labyrinth. It was found that both radiological landmarks are presented in 100% and 93.4 % of our cases; respectively. Moreover, the presence of SOP is significant with the existence of AEA canal on coronal CT scan images.Conclusion. The preoperative evaluation of a coronal CT scan to localize the AEA can be precisely determined by visualization of both the AEF and AES. On the other hand, the presence of SOP is considered a significant sign on the CT scan were AEA can be identified.
MiR-218 inhibits malignant phenotypes of glioma by targeting TNC/AKT/AP-1/TGFβ1 feedback signaling loop
Authors: Dang Siwen , Zhang Rui , Tian Sijia , Ruan Banjun , Hou Peng , Li Gang , Ji Meiju 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Gliomas are the most common and malignant tumors in the brain of humans, and the prognosis of glioma patient is very poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in different types of cancer by regulating gene expression at the posttranscriptional levels. Although miR-218 has been reported to be downregulated in gliomas, its role in gliomas still remains largely unknown. Methods: MiR-218 expression in gliomas and normal brain tissues (control subjects) were analyzed using TCGA dataset. The biological roles of miR-218 in glioma cells were determined by a series of in vitro and in vivo studies. The dual-luciferase reporter system was performed to identify potential targets of miR-218. The regulatory effect of miR-218 on TNC/AKT/AP-1/TGFβ1 pathway was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter system and western blot.Results: We demonstrated miR-218 was significantly downregulated in gliomas compared to control subjects, and exerted a potent tumor suppressor in glioma cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and tumorigenic potential in nude mice, as well as inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.Mechanistically, miR-218 inhibited malignant phenotypes of glioma cells by binding to the 3’ UTR of its target TNC and subsequently repressing its expression. As a result, it could reduce AKT phosphorylation and subsequently inhibit transcriptional activity of AP-1 by reducing JNK phosphorylation, downregulating the expression of TGFβ1, while TGFβ1 is able to, in turn, activate the TNC/AKT/AP-1 signaling axis.Conclusions: Our data uncover a previously unknown tumor suppressor role of miR-218 in glioma by blocking the TNC/AKT/AP-1/TGFβ1 positive feedback loop.
Magnitude and determinants of newborn mortality in neonatal intensive care unit hospitals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tiruneh Gizachew Tadele , Birhanu Tesega Mengistu , Seid Abdurahaman , Workneh Mahteme Haile , Getie Dareskedar , Abebe Tenagnework Antefe , Mulat Ambanesh Necho , Tadege Taye Zeru , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Ayele Tadesse Awoke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia, the neonatal mortality rate has not shown significant changes over time and is among the highest in the world. Exploring the magnitude and the causes of neonatal mortality in the hospital where neonatal intensive care unit is functioning could be supremely important to step towards improving the quality of neonatal care services. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the pooled magnitude and determinates of neonatal mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods : The research team retrieved global peer-reviewed journal articles available as electronic databases including PubMed, Popline, and Scopus databases. Google Scholar, institutional repositories, and Google were used to retrieve grey literature. Random-effects meta-analysis model was used to pool the estimates of the magnitude of mortality among studies. The results were presented as the pooled estimates (odds ratio and proportion) with 95% confidence intervals, at less than 0.05 significant levels. Results: In this review, 10 studies were included with a total of 8,729 neonates. Of these, 1,779 (20.4%) neonates died in the neonatal intensive care unit. The pooled neonatal mortality rate was 19.0% (95% CI: 14.0-25.0). The neonatal mortality is three times higher among early age (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.45-5.40) and preterm newborns (OR: 3.27; 95% CI: 2.12-5.07) than their counterparts. Early age of the newborn, prematurity, low birth weight, perinatal asphyxia, mode of delivery, hypothermia, late initiation of breastfeeding, and having antenatal care visits were the main determinants for neonatal mortality. Likewise, perinatal asphyxia, hyaline membrane disease, respiratory distress syndrome, and prematurity were identified as the most determinant and statistically associated with the death of premature neonates admitted to intensive care units. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality in the intensive care unit is high. It is unacceptably high amongst early and preterm neonates. Special care for preterm and early age newborns, timely initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and appropriate mode of delivery, essential obstetric and newborn care, and promoting antenatal visits are recommended to reduce neonatal mortality. Protocol registration: The protocol was registered at the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) with registration number CRD42019123195.
Assessment of a novel pretreatment techniques for enhancing the enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane baggase: Structural and chemical analysis
Authors: Tiwari Soni , Yadav Janardan , Gaur Rajeeva , Yadav Jay Shanker 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Enhancement of cellulase and xylanase production and improvement of more proficient lignocellulose-degrading enzymes are essential in order to decrease the price of enzymes required in the biomass-to-bioethanol production. Results The effectiveness of different concentration of alkali and acid pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for improving the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose has been evaluated. The sugarcane bagasse was characterized to contain 39.52% cellulose, 25.63% hemicelluloses, 30.36% lignin, 1.44% ash and 2.90% other extractives. Afterthat, The sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with two different concentrations (5% and 10%) of H 2 SO 4 and NaOH at 121°C for 60 min. Among them, the best result was obtained when sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with 10% NaOH solution followed by 10% H 2 SO 4 , 5% NaOH and 5% H 2 SO 4 solution. The highest cellulose saccharification was 489.5 mg/g from 10% NaOH pretreatment followed by 322.75mg/g, 301.25 mg/g and 276.6 mg/g from 10% H 2 SO 4 , 5% NaOH and 5% H 2 SO 4 , respectively, which were 55.1, 32.0, 27.1 and 20.6 times higher than the control. Moreover, the FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis showed significant molecule and surface structure changes of the sugarcane bagasse after different pretreatments. Cellulase and xylanase produced by Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 [MK443365] and Bacillus paramycoides T4 [MN370035] was used to hydrolyze the pretreated sugarcane bagasse and the optimal condition was determined to be 30 h of enzymatic reaction with 3:1 ration of enzymes under the temperature of 55°C, pH 5.5, substrate concentration of 3% and Tween-20 0.5%. Conclusion Enzyme supernatants produced by the mixed culture of Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 [MK443365] and Bacillus paramycoides T4 [MN370035] on various pretreated sugarcane baggase have good cellulase and xylanase activities, leading to celluloses and Hemicelluloses conversion in the enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification that is more proficient.
A certain concentration of vecuronium and pipecuronium can inhibit the expression of neutrophils CD11b in human isolated venous blood
Authors: Liu Zunyuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Perioperative medicines can affect the body's immune response, according to data reported a variety of anesthetic drugs can directly or indirectly affect the immune response, this study aims to preliminarily common muscle relaxant presence of anti-inflammatory effects. Methods To collect peripheral blood of healthy adults, and designed the following treatment groups: [A] blank group; [B] static and unstimulated drug groups: the group contained two concentrations of both pipecuronium and vecuronium respectively (0.5/0.1g•ml-1); [L] simple lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group; [C] under stimulated drug groups: two concentrations (0.5/0.1g•ml-1) muscle relaxants were added with lipopolysaccharide in each group. Detection of average fluorescence emphasized expression of CD11b on neutrophils by flow cytometry. Results Compared with the blank control group [A], the expression of CD11b in each group was significantly increased in the LPS group [L] and the stimulus drug groups [C](p<0.001). Compared with the blank control group [A], low concentration of vecuronium and pipecuronium could inhibit the expression of CD11b on the surface of neutrophils (vecuronium 95% CI: 20.47 to 37.28, p<0.001),(pipecuronium 95% CI: 18.63 to 50.22, p<0.001). High concentrations of vecuronium and pipecuronium to CD11b expression differences had no statistical significance (p > 0.05). Conclusions The concentration of vecuronium and pipecuronium that approximates clinical maintenance dose has effect of inhibiting the CD11b expression of human neutrophil in venous blood in vitro. The results of this study can provide the reference for muscle relaxant immunological research and clinical rational use .
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Synbiotics against Multidrug-Resistant bacteria: Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Laal-Kargar Niki , Dolatabadi Samaneh , Mohtashami Mahnaz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterocoocus faecalis increase their resistance against antibiotic by producing biofilm. Antibiotic resistance has become a massive public health threat that require novel effective antibacterial and antibiofilm alternatives. The use of probiotics is interested to prevent and control certain infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm property of probiotics and synbiotics against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii and E. faecalis. Methods: The antimicrobial and the antibiofilm activities of cell- free supernatants of four strains of Lactobacillus against 20 clinical multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterocoocus faecalis were determined in the presence of 0.3% of sorbitol, raffinose, citrate, trehalose, inulin, and riboflavin using well diffusion agar and micro-dilution method. Results: The cell- free supernatant of L. rhamnosus with citrate and trehalose showed the best antibacterial activity against MDR A. baumannii (28.8±2.1mm, 1.128 μL/mL), and L. rhamnosus with all of prebiotics against MDR E. faecalis (29.8±0 mm, 1.128 μL/mL) compare to probiotic alone. The prebiotics could improve the inhibitory effect of probiotics against the Gram-negative A. baumannii higher than Gram-positive E. faecalis. Biofilm formation was reduced in both pathogens in presence of synbiotics. L. plantarum with riboflavin and L. rhamnosus with or without inulin potently inhibits E. faecalis (50±0.86%) and A. baumannii (75±6.5%) biofilm formation, respectively. Conclusions: The results of current study support the antibiofilm activity of metabolites produced by synbiotics, and suggest their use as suitable adjuvants as well as biocontrol agents for treatment.
Insulin Resistance Diagnosed by HOMA-IR may be Overestimated in Adults with Greater Fat-Free Mass: The ELSA-Brasil Study
Authors: Zaniqueli Divanei , Alvim Rafael de Oliveira , Griep Rosane Harter , Benseñor Isabela Martins , Barreto Sandhi Maria , Lotufo Paulo Andrade , Mill José Geraldo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Conflicting results have been reported on the association of fat-free mass (FFM) and insulin resistance (IR). The way of indexing FFM may be a bias. This study sought to test the association of FFM and IR after indexing FFM to avoid collinearity. Methods This cross-sectional study comprised 11,284 volunteers, ages 38-79 years. Body composition was assessed by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance. FFM indexed to body surface area (FFMbsa) was calculated. Excess body fat was assigned to individuals with percent body fat ≥ 85th percentile for age and sex. Fasting insulin and glucose, and 2h glucose in the oral glucose tolerance test were obtained. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) > 3.0 was set as the cut-off for IR.Results Percent body fat decreased from the 1st to the 5th quintile of FFMbsa in both women (Eta 2 = 0.166) and men (Eta 2 = 0.133). In women, fasting insulin (Eta 2 = 0.002), glucose (Eta 2 = 0.006), and HOMA-IR (Eta 2 = 0.007) increased slightly, whereas 2h glucose did not change towards the highest quintile of FFMbsa. In men, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were similar across the quintiles of FFMbsa, whereas fasting glucose increased slightly (Eta 2 = 0.002) and 2h glucose decreased (Eta 2 = 0.005) towards the highest quintile of FFMbsa. Greater FFMbsa explained 1.8% of the odds of IR among women and 0.9% among men.Conclusion The lack of association of FFM and 2h glucose contrasted with greater odds of IR (by HOMA-IR) associated with greater FFM. The association of greater FFM and IR may be overestimated when the diagnosis is provided by HOMA-IR.
Boron removal from water by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from palm bark: kinetic, isotherms, optimisation and breakthrough curves modeling
Authors: Melliti Abir , Kheriji Jamel , Bessaies Hanen , Hamrouni Béchir 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The occurrence of boron in water and its inefficient removal are the key issue in desalination and water treatment. Adsorption by fixed-bed column is usually used to remove mineral and organic contaminants from the aqueous phase. The adsorption of the boron onto activated carbon, prepared from palm bark, is studied. Batch adsorption experiments are developed to determine the equilibrium time and the best isotherm model. The kinetic adsorption data can be described by the second-order equation. Among the adsorption isotherm models, Langmuir and Sips models give better fit of the equilibrium data. The calculated thermodynamic parameters show that the boron adsorption is exothermic in nature. The effects of inlet boron concentration, feed flow rate and weight of activated carbon on the fixed-bed adsorption are determined by two-level factorial experimental design. Breakthrough and saturation times are higher at high adsorbent weight and low flow rates. The increase of boron initial concentration decreases breakthrough and saturation times. The volume treated per gram of activated carbon is higher at lower initial concentrations and at higher adsorbent weight. Compared to other models, the Yan model fits better the experimental data of the breakthrough curves with R2 of 0.993.
Research on Household Charging Optimization of Electric Vehicles Based on Smart Load
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Ma Gang , Lyu Jie , Wu Xuehong , Zheng Mei 
Published: March 2020

Background:
With the tremendous changes in the world’s fuel structure, the Electric Vehicle
(EV) has become a powerful means of mitigating energy and environmental issues.

Objective:
However, when an electric vehicle is connected to home, it will cause load fluctuation,
which threatens the safe and smooth operation of the user's electricity.

Methods:
Therefore, in order to solve the problem of power instability when the electric vehicle is
connected to home, this paper proposes an optimization strategy for household charging based on
Smart Load (SL).

Results:
After the daily load fluctuation model of electric vehicle family charging is constructed, the
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is combined to establish the electric vehicle family
charging optimization model.

Conclusion:
The analysis of the example shows that the proposed method can stabilize the household
power, which can effectively solve the adverse effects caused by excessive fluctuation of daily
load in the family.
Estudio de factibilidad para el diseño de un sistema automatizado para producción avícola alimentado con energía solar
Authors: Bojacá Garavito Edgar A , Hilarión Novoa Francisco J , Bojacá Bojacá Diana M 
Published: March 2020

Los avicultores de la región del Guavio se han dedicado por décadas a la crianza y engorde de pollos, dicho proceso se ha visto fallido por la ausencia de flujo constante de energía eléctrica, necesaria en la generación de temperatura e iluminación, y, para esto se han generado procesos alternos como la generación de calor a través de fogatas, lo que trae como consecuencia contaminación por humo y deforestación entre otros. Por lo anterior, se ha realizado un estudio de factibilidad como fase inicial de este proceso de investigación, generando un proceso interdisciplinar entre electrónica, telecomunicaciones, redes y según lo requiera el estudio incluir estudiantes zootecnistas, lo anterior para establecer la viabilidad del diseño de un prototipo que permitirá garantizar el proceso de crianza y engorde las 24 horas, mitigando el riesgo de pérdida por ausencia de control de variables. Se analiza las variables de temperatura, humedad, incidencia solar y ventilación como factores determinantes en el proceso de producción avícola en el municipio de Gachetá.