bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilayered Phosphorus‐Doped Polysilicon Passivating Contact Structures for TOPCon Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Chen Wenhao , Cao Jiale , Liu Weiqing , Yuan Ligang , Yu Yuanyuan , Liu Xinxin , Wan Yimao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of single‐layer polysilicon (poly‐Si) in tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) structures has demonstrated excellent passivation and contact performance. However, commercial TOPCon solar cell fabrication requires screen‐printing and cofiring techniques for electrode preparation. The single‐layer structure is less efficient at preventing metal atoms in the electrode paste from penetrating the silicon bulk. Furthermore, the uniformity of doping concentration and crystallinity within this structure poses challenges as it fails to optimally meet the intricate requirements for achieving superior performance in terms of passivation, contact, and mitigating parasitic absorption. In this study, the deposition process of the amorphous silicon (a‐Si) precursor layer using an in‐line magnetron sputtering system incorporated an additional plasma oxidation step, resulting in a bilayer poly‐Si structure with the newly introduced SiOx acting as a partition. Detailed investigations were conducted into the passivation quality, contact resistivity, crystallinity, and the distribution of critical atoms in the bilayer structure. Subsequently, the bilayer configuration was utilized in the manufacturing process of TOPCon solar cells. These efforts resulted in a notable enhancement in open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and short‐circuit current (Isc), leading to a 0.06% efficiency improvement, based on the average performance of ~200 cells per group.
Overexpression and alternative splicing of the glutamate‐gated chloride channel are associated with emamectin benzoate resistance in the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Wang Shuai , Qiao Song‐Tao , Guo Fang‐Rui , Xie Yuan , Liu Chong , Liu Jin‐wei , Zhao Si‐Qi , Zhou Li‐Qi , Yang Feng‐Xia , Wu Shun‐Fan , Bass Chris , Gao Cong‐Fen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a damaging pest of rice worldwide. Following the evolution of C. suppressalis resistance to diamide and abamectin insecticides, emamectin benzoate (EB) became a key insecticide for the control of this species in China. With the widespread use of EB, resistance has developed rapidly in some field populations of C. suppressalis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance remain unresolved.RESULTHere we monitored the sensitivity of 87 field populations of C. suppressalis in China to EB over a 6 year period and investigated the role of target‐site modifications in resistance. Field populations of C. suppressalis from Hunan, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces exhibited a trend of expanding and increasing resistance over time, reaching resistance ratios of 50‐fold. Nine spliceosomes of the gene encoding the EB target, the glutamate‐gated chloride channel (GluCl), were identified with different combinations of exon 3 and exon 9. The frequency of exon 3A and exon 9C inclusion was negatively correlated with EB resistance, while exon 3B and exon 9A inclusion was positively correlated with resistance. Furthermore, the CsGluCl was found to be two‐fold overexpressed in the field‐resistant populations of C. suppressalis compared to a susceptible reference strain.CONCLUSIONStudy results suggest that overexpression and variable splicing of CsGluCl may play a role in C. suppressalis resistance to EB. This study provides a contemporary update on the sensitivity of C. suppressalis to insecticides and contributes to a better understanding of the function of the GluCl in insects. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mirikizumab pharmacokinetics and exposure–response in pediatric patients with moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: Otani Yuki , Chua Laiyi , Komocsar Wendy J. , Larkin Amy , Johns Jordan , Zhang Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMirikizumab is a p19‐directed anti‐interleukin‐23 antibody approved for the treatment of adults with moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we report the first data of mirikizumab pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure–response (E/R) relationships in pediatric participants (aged 2 to <18 years weighing >10 kg) with moderate‐to‐severe UC from the phase II, open‐label study SHINE‐1 (NCT04004611). PK parameters were analyzed using a model developed previously in adults with fixed‐exponent allometry for body weight. Serum samples collected from 26 participants during the 12‐week induction and 40‐week maintenance periods of SHINE‐1 were analyzed. Estimated body weight‐adjusted systemic clearance, volume of distribution, and subcutaneous bioavailability were 0.021 L/h, 0.069 L/kg, and 49.8%, respectively. Covariate analysis identified no clinically significant covariates other than body weight. In the exposure range studied, E/R analysis using post hoc grouping by average concentration quartile and comparison of observed change from baseline in modified Mayo Score (MMS) at Week 12 with the adult model prediction revealed no obvious E/R relationship in clinical response, clinical remission, or endoscopic response, consistent with observations in adults. The E/R relationship for observed change from baseline in MMS at Week 12 is also similar to the adult model prediction. The PK modeling and E/R analyses suggested optimal doses of intravenous mirikizumab 300 mg for weight >40 kg, 5 mg/kg for weight ≤40 kg every 4 weeks (Q4W) during induction, and subcutaneous mirikizumab 200 mg (>40 kg), 100 mg (>20 to ≤40 kg), or 50 mg (≤20 kg) Q4W during maintenance therapy for pediatric patients with moderate‐to‐severe UC.
The Importance of Sustainability: Investigating the Alignment Between Strategic Intent and Strong Sustainability Assumptions in Brazilian Food Technology Companies
Authors: Sehnem Simone , Dias Felipe Teixeira , Lara Ana Cláudia , de Andrade Guerra José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório , Morais Carlos Eduardo , Provensi Tais 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the alignment between the missions, visions, and values of food technology firms and robust sustainability principles. Employing a comprehensive research methodology including surveys, secondary data analysis, and semi‐structured interviews with managers of food technology startups, this study identifies and examines key areas: (1) strategic components and pivotal aspects of positioning within the food technology industry; (2) necessary changes for supporting sustainability‐driven business models; and (3) guidelines to assist food technology proprietors and managers in developing the required competencies to meet evolving societal and global market demands. The findings highlight the need for capacity development in resource circularity, material regeneration, and innovative processes, suggesting the circular economy as a strategic approach for achieving strong sustainability. The paper outlines specific changes for decision‐makers to consider. While contextual, this study represents a distinctive effort supporting the transition toward strong sustainability, grounded in the circular economy and dynamic, relational capabilities perspectives.
Luminescent Tactile Sensor System for Robots: Enhancing Human–Computer Interaction in Complex Dark Environments
Authors: Yin Jiaxin , Cao Zhi , Zhou Yuxuan , Huo Xiaoqing , Wu Zhiyi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn order to achieve interaction and collaboration with humans, robots need to have the ability for tactile perception of simulating human. Traditional methods use electrically connected sensors with complex arrays, leading to intricate wiring, high manufacturing costs, and demanding current environments. A flexible sensor with simple structure, easy preparation process, and low cost based on triboluminescence effect is proposed in this paper, which avoids the complex array and wiring of traditional sensors. The study discusses the relationship between luminescent intensity and factors such as luminescent particle content, luminescent layer thickness, encapsulation layer thickness, and friction layer thickness. It also analyzes the mechanism of luminescence. A micro charge‐coupled device is configured for the luminescent unit to collect optical information and is integrated with the robot's manipulator for testing. A simple sensing system is constructed to demonstrate environmental perception, acquiring, and feeding back shape and size information of contact objects in the dark. The system successfully identifies and judges target objects in complex dark environments, offering insights for applications such as unmanned assembly lines. It overcomes the challenge of intricate electrical connections, paving new avenues for intelligent object recognition research in human–computer interaction.
OC6 Phase IV: Validation of CFD Models for Stiesdal TetraSpar Floating Offshore Wind Platform
Authors: Darling Hannah , Schmidt David P. , Xie Shengbai , Sadique Jasim , Koop Arjen , Wang Lu , Wiley Will , Bergua Archeli Roger , Robertson Amy , Tran Thanh Toan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith only a few floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) farms deployed anywhere in the world, FOWT technology is still in its infancy, building on a modicum of real‐world experience to advance the nascent industry. To support further development, engineers rely heavily on modeling tools to accurately portray the behavior of these complex systems under realistic environmental conditions. This reliance creates a need for verification and validation of such tools to improve reliability of load and dynamic response prediction and analysis capabilities of FOWT systems. The Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration, Continued with Correlation and unCertainty (OC6) project was created under the framework of the International Energy Agency to address this need and considers a three‐sided verification and validation between engineering level models, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and experimental results. In this paper, a novel floating offshore wind platform, the Stiesdal TetraSpar, is simulated using CFD under the load conditions defined by Phase IV of the OC6 project. The comparison of these CFD results against the experimental results demonstrated the ability to predict the platform response to waves when imposing the measured wave signals as input. Although validation versus experiment was largely successful, the damping behavior was impacted by uncertainties likely originating from the mooring system and sensor umbilical cable. This extensive comparison effort with multiple CFD practitioners offers insight into best practices to achieve reliable results.
Alternatives to Coercion
Authors: Torrents Enric Garcia , Björkdahl Anna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, the authors critically examine the historical and contemporary use of restraint in mental health care and advocate for more humane, patient-centred alternatives. The authors consider the detrimental effects of coercive practices on patients’ autonomy, dignity, and recovery process, highlighting the intrinsic link between coercion and violence. The chapter examines a range of alternative approaches in both inpatient and community settings, including sensory rooms, open door policies, advance directives, patient-controlled admissions, recovery colleges, and peer support services. Each alternative is assessed in terms of its advantages, disadvantages, and the current evidence for its effectiveness. The authors emphasise the need for a paradigm shift towards practices that respect patient autonomy and promote shared decision-making, while acknowledging the need for further research and the challenges of implementing these alternatives. The chapter highlights the importance of transforming mental health care to be more compassionate, patient-centred, and respectful of human rights.
Digitalisierung der Hochschullehre – Ein neues Normal?
Authors: Fahr Uwe , Riegler Peter 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungZu den vielfältigen Einflüssen, denen die Hochschullehre unterliegt, gehört seit mehr als 30 Jahren auch die Digitalisierung. Diese schien während der Corona-Pandemie einen besonderen Schub zu erfahren. Allerdings gab es nach der Pandemie eine breite Rückkehr zur Präsenzlehre. Die vorliegenden Beiträge in diesem Sammelband versuchen vor dem Hintergrund dieser Erfahrungen, zukunftsweisende Elemente der digital gestützten Lehre herauszuarbeiten. Der einleitende Beitrag arbeitet einige übergreifende Themen heraus, die für das Gelingen solcher Projekte wichtig sein können. Dazu gehören die Anknüpfung an den aktuellen Forschungsstand, z. B. bei dem Thema der Motivation, oder die Reflexion auf den Handlungsrahmen, innerhalb dessen Lehrprojekte durchgeführt werden.
Endoscopic-assisted versus open fronto-orbital distraction for unicoronal craniosynostosis: morphometric and technique considerations
Authors: Wu Meagan , Wagner Connor S. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Ng Jinggang J. , Massenburg Benjamin B. , Romeo Dominic J. , Heuer Gregory G. , Bartlett Scott P. , Swanson Jordan W. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
In an effort to maximize benefit and minimize morbidity when performing fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) for unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS), we have transitioned to an endoscopic-assisted approach (“endo-FODO”). This study compares photogrammetric outcomes of patients who underwent FODO via an endoscopic-assisted versus open approach.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients treated for UCS from 2013 to 2023. Photogrammetric outcomes at one to three years postoperatively were compared between patients who underwent endo-FODO and age- and sex-matched controls who underwent open FODO. Differences between pre- and postoperative periorbital symmetry ratios, canthal tilt symmetry, and orbital dystopia angle (ODA) were calculated.

Results
Twenty patients (ten per group) underwent surgery at a mean age of 6.1 ± 1.8 and 5.4 ± 1.1 months (p = 0.426) and were photographed at 1.6 ± 0.9 and 1.8 ± 0.9 years (p = 0.597) postoperatively in the endo-FODO and open FODO groups, respectively. Patients who underwent endo-FODO demonstrated significant improvements in margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1) symmetry ratio (p = 0.004), palpebral height symmetry ratio (p = 0.004), canthal tilt symmetry (p = 0.020), and ODA (p = 0.009). Patients who underwent open FODO likewise demonstrated significant improvements in MRD1 symmetry ratio (p = 0.004), palpebral height symmetry ratio (p = 0.033), and ODA (p = 0.004). All postoperative measurements as well as degrees of improvement were similar between groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Endo- and open FODO were associated with significant and comparable improvements in soft tissue periorbital symmetry and orbital dystopia at nearly two years postoperatively. While continued follow-up until cranial maturity is needed to assess the durability of aesthetic results, these data support a minimally invasive, endoscopic alternative to fronto-orbital distraction.
Novel models by machine learning to predict the risk of cardiac disease-specific death in young patients with breast cancer
Authors: Li Yi , Li Handong , Ye Xuan , Zhu Zhigang , Qiu Yixuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
With the tremendous leap of various adjuvant therapies, breast cancer (BC)-related deaths have decreased significantly. Increasing attention was focused on the effect of cardiac disease on BC survivors, while limited existing population-based studies lay emphasis on the young age population.

Method
Data of BC patients aged less than 50 years was collected from the SEER database. A competing risk model was introduced to analyze the effects of clinicopathology variables on the cardiac disease-specific death (CDSD) risks of these patients. Further, an XGBoost prediction model was constructed to predict the risk of CDSD. Prediction performance was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, area under the POC curve (AUC) values, calibration curves, decision curves, and confusion matrix, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to interpret the models.

Results
Our competing risk analysis proved that young BC patients with older age, low household income, non-metropolitan residential environment, black race, unmarried status, HR + subtype, higher T stage (T2-4), receiving chemotherapy, and non-surgery are under higher risk of CDSD. Further, five machine learning models were constructed to predict the CDSD risks of young BC patients, among which the XGBoost models showed the highest AUC value (train set: AUC = 0.846; test set: AUC = 0.836). The confusion matrix of the XGBoost model demonstrated that the sensitivity, specificity, and correction were 0.81, 0.94, and 0.94 for the train set, and 0.82, 0.95, and 0.96 for the test set, respectively. The SHAP graph indicated that median household income, marital status, race, and age at diagnosis were the top four strongest predictors.

Conclusion
Independent CDSD risk factors for young BC patients were identified, and machine-learning prognostic models were constructed to predict their CDSD risks. Our validation results indicated that the predicted probability of our XGBoost model agrees well with the actual CDSD risks, and it can help recognize high-risk populations and therefore develop effective cardioprotection strategies. Hopefully, our findings can support the growth of the new field of cardio-oncology.
Quantification of growth and physiological characteristics in tolerant and sensitive watermelon lines under cold treatment
Authors: Yaseen Ijaz , Choi Sanha , Mukhtar Tariq , Park Jong-In , Kim Hoy-Taek 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiochemical and physiological processes serve as key indicators for assessing the adverse effects of biotic and abiotic stressors in plants. Due to the limited and incomplete information on the growth, root morphology, and physiology of watermelon lines under cold stress in Korea, this study aimed to evaluate selected cold-tolerant lines (PI254744, SW20, and SW66) and cold-sensitive lines (PI525233 and SW54). The evaluation was based on root and shoot weight, root and shoot length, root morphology, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids), and levels of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble sugars in root and leaf samples collected at various time points. Two treatments were conducted: one at 28 °C as a control and one at 10 °C to simulate cold stress. The results revealed a decline in growth variables under cold stress compared to the control across all lines. However, the disintegration of root cellular structures and reduction in growth variables were less severe in the tolerant watermelon lines than in the sensitive ones. Under cold stress, proline, MDA, and soluble sugar levels increased in all watermelon lines relative to the control. Notably, the tolerant lines displayed elevated proline and soluble sugar levels, while the sensitive lines had higher MDA content. Furthermore, photosynthetic pigment levels were generally lower in all lines during cold treatment compared to the control, though the reduction was less pronounced in the tolerant lines than in the sensitive ones. A significant positive correlation was found between the percentage reduction in total chlorophyll content and the percentage reduction in growth variables. The lesser reduction in photosynthetic pigments, combined with higher levels of osmoprotectants (proline and soluble sugars) and lower MDA levels in the tolerant lines during cold stress, may suggest underlying mechanisms that warrant further biochemical and molecular studies to better understand cold resistance.
Properties of alkali activated cellular lightweight binder blocks with industrial and agro waste
Authors: Ganta Mounika , Jyosyula Sri Kalyana Rama , Baskar Ramesh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe construction industry is continuously seeking sustainable alternatives to conventional building materials. Alkali-Activated Cellular Lightweight Binder Blocks (AACLBs) present a promising solution by utilizing alkali activation technology to augment the properties of lightweight concrete. This research focuses on optimizing the composition of AACLBs by replacing conventional binders with alkali-activated materials derived from industrial by-products and agro waste with the help of a protein based foaming agent (FA). The industrial waste materials investigated include Fly Ash (F) and Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) while agro waste such as Rice Husk Ash (RHA) are considered as sustainable alternatives. With Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3) as activators, 8 different combinations are adopted in this study. Properties such as density and compressive strength (CS) are analyzed to assess the structural capabilities of the AACLBs and are compared with that of cement-based blends. The alkaline solution to binder ratio is kept constant as 2.5 for two dilution ratios (1:30 & 1:60) and ambient curing is adopted. The target densities for conventional cement-based mixes are set as 1200–1600 kg/m3 and 1500–1800 kg/m3 for alkali-based mixes. The findings show that, the highest CS of 42.76 MPa and a density of 1870 kg/m3 is observed for FB1 combination at a dilution ratio of 1:30. Conversely, the FBR2 combination at a dilution ratio of 1:60 yielded a CS of 21.23 MPa, accompanied by a minimum density of 988 kg/m3.
Validation of perceived invalidation of emotion scale (PIES) in Iranian populations
Authors: Rezaei Mehdi , Paripishbar Zahra , Khazaei Samaneh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The examination of the psychometric properties of the PIES in Eastern cultures has remained unexplored. The current study aims to explore the psychometric features of the PIES in Iranian populations.

Methods
A total of 2250 participants (clinical sample = 177, student samples = 1762, general population = 311) completed the following questionnaires: Perceived Invalidation of Emotion Scale (PIES), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short form (CTQ-SF), Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-2), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 (DERS-16). The psychometric qualities of the PIES were examined using construct, convergent, discriminant, incremental, and predictive validities together with internal consistency and test–retest reliability.

Results
The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the PIES had a unifactorial structure. Support was found for internal consistency as well as for test–retest reliability. In addition, the PIES scores significantly predicted emotional distress over time and had positive correlations with emotional dysregulation, childhood traumas, anxiety, stress, and depression. The PIES was also found to discriminate the clinical from nonclinical populations. Finally, PIES demonstrated adequate incremental validity.

Conclusion
Despite the limitations of the current study and the need for additional research, the findings indicate that the PIES with unifactorial structure is a reliable and valid scale among Iranian populations.