bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early DAS response after DMARD-start increases probability of achieving sustained DMARD-free remission in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Verstappen M. , Niemantsverdriet E. , Matthijssen X. M. E. , le Cessie S. , van der Helm-van Mil A. H. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Sustained DMARD-free remission (SDFR) is increasingly achievable. The pathogenesis underlying SDFR development is unknown and patient characteristics at diagnosis poorly explain whether SDFR will be achieved. To increase the understanding, we studied the course of disease activity scores (DAS) over time in relation to SDFR development. Subsequently, we explored whether DAS course could be helpful identifying RA patients likely to achieve SDFR.

Methods
772 consecutive RA patients, promptly treated with csDMARDs (mostly methotrexate and treat-to-target treatment adjustments), were studied for SDFR development (absence of synovitis, persisting minimally 12 months after DMARD stop). The course of disease activity scores (DAS) was compared between RA patients with and without SDFR development within 7 years, using linear mixed models, stratified for ACPA. The relation between 4-month DAS and the probability of SDFR development was studied with logistic regression. Cumulative incidence of SDFR within DAS categories (< 1.6, 1.6–2.4, 2.4–3.6, ≥ 3.6) at 4 months was visualized using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results
In ACPA-negative RA patients, those achieving SDFR showed a remarkably stronger DAS decline within the first 4 months, compared to RA patients without SDFR; − 1.73 units (95%CI, 1.28–2.18) versus − 1.07 units (95%CI, 0.90–1.23) (p < 0.001). In APCA-positive RA patients, such an effect was not observed, yet SDFR prevalence in this group was low. In ACPA-negative RA, DAS decline in the first 4 months and absolute DAS levels at 4 months (DAS4 months) were equally predictive for SDFR development. Incidence of SDFR in ACPA-negative RA patients was high (70.2%) when DAS4 months was < 1.6, whilst SDFR was rare (7.1%) when DAS4 months was ≥ 3.6.

Conclusions
In ACPA-negative RA, an early response to treatment, i.e., a strong DAS decline within the first 4 months, is associated with a higher probability of SDFR development. DAS values at 4 months could be useful for later decisions to stop DMARDs.
Online social image ranking in diversified preferences
Authors: Zhao Xuezhuan , Pei Lishen , Li Tao , Zhang Zheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDue to the prevalence of social media service, effective and efficient online image retrieval is in urgent need to satisfy diversified requirements of Web users. Previous studies are mainly focusing on bridging the semantic gap by well-established content modeling with semantic information and social tagging information, but they are not flexible in aggregating the diversified expectations of the online users. In this paper, we present OSIR, a solution framework to facilitate the diversified preference styles in online social media image searching by textual query inputs. First, we propose an efficient Online Multiple Kernel Ranking (OMKR) model which is constructed on multiple query dimensions and complimentary feature channels, and trained by minimizing the triplet loss on hard negative samples. By optimizing the ranking performance with multi-dimensional queries, the semantic consistency between the image ranking and textual query input is directly maximized without relying on the intermediate semantic annotation procedure. Second, we construct random walk-based preference modeling by domain-specific similarity calculation on heterogeneous social attributes. By re-ranking the rank output of OMKR based on each preference ranking model, we obtain a set of ranking lists encoding different potential aspects of user preference. Last, we propose an effective and efficient position-sensitive rank aggregation approach to aggregate multiple ranking results based on the user preference specification. Extensive experiment on two social media datasets demonstrates the advantages of our approach in both retrieval performance and user experience.
Collaborative behavior, performance and engagement with visual analytics tasks using mobile devices
Authors: Chen Lei , Liang Hai-Ning , Lu Feiyu , Papangelis Konstantinos , Man Ka Lok , Yue Yong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Interactive visualizations are external tools that can support users’ exploratory activities. Collaboration can bring benefits to the exploration of visual representations or visualizations. This research investigates the use of co-located collaborative visualizations in mobile devices, how users working with two different modes of interaction and view (Shared or Non-Shared) and how being placed at various position arrangements (Corner-to-Corner, Face-to-Face, and Side-by-Side) affect their knowledge acquisition, engagement level, and learning efficiency. A user study is conducted with 60 participants divided into 6 groups (2 modes

$$\times$$

×

3 positions) using a tool that we developed to support the exploration of 3D visual structures in a collaborative manner. Our results show that the shared control and view version in the Side-by-Side position is the most favorable and can improve task efficiency. In this paper, we present the results and a set of recommendations that are derived from them.
Numerical analysis of reinforced embankment slopes made up of pozzolanic waste materials
Authors: Patil Vidya N. , Chore Hemant S. , Sawant Vishwas A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the numerical study of the bearing capacity behavior of the model footing placed on the top of reinforced embankment slopes made up of Pozzolanic waste materials such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The present investigation is aimed at studying the efficacy of the different types of reinforcement (geogrid and rubbergrid) in improving the load bearing capacity of the embankment slopes made up of waste materials. The effect of various parameters such as slope angle, location of the footing with slope crest, embedment depth of the reinforcement is studied on the strength behavior of the embankment. The analysis is carried out on unreinforced fly ash and GGBFS embankments for three slope angles and three locations of the footing with respect to slope crest, i.e., edge distance. The fly ash slopes reinforced with geogrid and rubber grid reinforcement is also analyzed for all the three slope angles and edge distances as that in unreinforced fly ash embankment slope and further, for various embedment depths of the layer of reinforcement. The GGBFS embankment reinforced with geogrid layer is analyzed with respect to critical slope angle and edge distance and optimum embedment depth of the reinforcement deduced from the unreinforced fly ash and GGBFS embankment and reinforced fly ash embankment. The analysis demonstrated that the load carrying capacity of the embankment slope decreases with increase in slope angle and edge distance in respect of unreinforced and reinforced fly ash slope and the optimum embedment depth ratio seems to be 1.2. Further, the rubbergrid reinforcement is found to perform better than the geogrid. The performance of geogrid reinforced GGBFS embankment is also noteworthy. The study underscores the effective utilization of Pozzolanic waste materials as the embankment slope and the rubbergrid derived out of discarded tyres.
Effects and mechanism of platelet-rich plasma on military drill injury: a review
Authors: Xu Peng-Cheng , Xuan Min , Cheng Biao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMilitary drill injury is a significant part of military medical research. The increase of training intensity and changes in training methods lead to differences in injury types. The ideal therapeutic modality should allow rapid healing at a reasonable cost and minimize impact on patients’ life. Platelet -rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate, is rich in a variety of growth factors and widely used clinically as a minimally invasive treatment. It plays an important role in injury repair and rehabilitation. In this article, we review the therapeutic role of PRP in military drill injury and its possible underlying mechanisms, with a focus on plantar fasciitis, stress fractures and other common injuries, in order to provide basic support for military reserve.
Carica papaya Linn. fruit extract inhibited the activities of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase: possible mechanism for amelioration of diabetic complications
Authors: Kazeem Mutiu Idowu , Adeyemi Ayotomiwa Adeyinka , Adenowo Abiola Fatimah , Akinsanya Mushafau Adewale 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is associated with debilitating complications including eye disease, kidney disorder, and diabetic foot disease. One of the mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications is the polyol pathway. This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of four tropical fruits, namely apple (Malus domesticaBorkh.), banana (Musa paradisiacaLinn.), pawpaw (Carica papayaLinn.), and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai), on the activities of polyol pathway enzymes (aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase).ResultsAll the fruits, with the exception of banana, displayed stronger inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase than aldose reductase which culminated in low IC50for the inhibition of sorbitol dehydrogenase. Of the fruit extracts tested, pawpaw inhibited both aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase most effectively with IC50of 150.78 μg/mL and 46.30 μg/mL, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot also revealed that the pawpaw extract inhibited aldose reductase competitively while sorbitol dehydrogenase was inhibited in a mixed non-competitive manner.ConclusionAqueous extract of pawpaw fruit effectively inhibited polyol pathway enzymes, and this may be attributed to rich nutritional and phytochemical composition of the fruit. Consequently, the consumption of pawpaw fruit may contribute to the amelioration of diabetic complications.
USP8 and TP53 Drivers are Associated with CNV in a Corticotroph Adenoma Cohort Enriched for Aggressive Tumors
Authors: Uzilov Andrew V , Taik Patricia , Cheesman Khadeen C , Javanmard Pedram , Ying Kai , Roehnelt Alessia , Wang Huan , Fink Marc Y , Lau Chun Yee , Moe Aye S , Villar Joaquin , Bederson Joshua B , Stewart Andrew F , Donovan Michael J , Mahajan Milind , Sebra Robert , Post Kalmon D , Chen Rong , Geer Eliza B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
Pituitary corticotroph adenomas are rare tumors that can be associated with excess adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and adrenal cortisol production, resulting in the clinically debilitating endocrine condition Cushing disease. A subset of corticotroph tumors behave aggressively, and genomic drivers behind the development of these tumors are largely unknown.

Objective
To investigate genomic drivers of corticotroph tumors at risk for aggressive behavior.

Design
Whole-exome sequencing of patient-matched corticotroph tumor and normal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from a patient cohort enriched for tumors at risk for aggressive behavior.

Setting
Tertiary care center

Patients
Twenty-seven corticotroph tumors from 22 patients were analyzed. Twelve tumors were macroadenomas, of which 6 were silent ACTH tumors, 2 were Crooke’s cell tumors, and 1 was a corticotroph carcinoma.

Intervention
Whole-exome sequencing.

Main outcome measure
Somatic mutation genomic biomarkers.

Results
We found recurrent somatic mutations in USP8 and TP53 genes, both with higher allelic fractions than other somatic mutations. These mutations were mutually exclusive, with TP53 mutations occurring only in USP8 wildtype (WT) tumors, indicating they may be independent driver genes. USP8-WT tumors were characterized by extensive somatic copy number variation compared with USP8-mutated tumors. Independent of molecular driver status, we found an association between invasiveness, macroadenomas, and aneuploidy.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that corticotroph tumors may be categorized into a USP8-mutated, genome-stable subtype versus a USP8-WT, genome-disrupted subtype, the latter of which has a TP53-mutated subtype with high level of chromosome instability. These findings could help identify high risk corticotroph tumors, namely those with widespread CNV, that may need closer monitoring and more aggressive treatment.
Associations between Bone Material Strength Index, Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound, and Bone Mineral Density in Men
Authors: Rufus-Membere Pamela , Holloway-Kew Kara L , Diez-Perez Adolfo , Kotowicz Mark A , Pasco Julie A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Impact micro-indentation (IMI) measures bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. This study investigated how IMI is associated with calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and bone densitometry parameters in men.

Methods
BMSi was measured on the tibial plateau using the OsteoProbe in 377 men (age 33-96 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), and stiffness index (SI) were assessed at the calcaneus using an ultrasonometer. Areal BMD was measured at several skeletal sites using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Linear associations between parameters were tested using Pearson’s correlation. Multivariable regression techniques were used to determine associations between BMSi and other measures of bone, independent of confounders.

Results
BMSi was negatively correlated with age (r = –0.171, P = .001), weight (r = –0.100, P = .052), and body mass index (r = –0.187, P = .001), and positively with height (r = +0.109, P = .034). There was some evidence to support a positive association between BMSi and BUA (β = 0.052, P = .037), SOS (β = 0.013, P = .144), and SI (β = 0.036, P = .051). After age adjustment, this association was attenuated. No correlations were observed between BMSi and BMD at any skeletal site (r values ranged from –0.006 to +0.079, all P ≥ .13).

Conclusion
There was a small positive association between BMSi and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters, which were not independent of age. No associations were detected between BMSi and BMD. This suggests that BMSi and QUS are capturing common age-dependent properties of bone. Further research on the utility of IMI alone and complementary to conventional bone testing methods for predicting fracture risk is warranted.
Confirmed Hypoglycemia Without Whipple Triad: A Rare Case of Hyper-Warburgism
Authors: Goyal Itivrita , Ogbuah Christopher , Chaudhuri Ajay , Quinn Timothy , Sharma Rajeev 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spontaneous hypoglycemia in nondiabetic patients poses a diagnostic challenge. Hypoglycemia in malignancy has several etiologies; an extremely rare mechanism is the Warburg effect causing excess lactate production and avid glucose consumption. We describe the clinical course of a 52-year-old man admitted for chest wall mass and severe but asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Laboratory workup was obtained for insulin vs noninsulin-mediated hypoglycemia, and biopsy of the chest wall mass and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) scan were performed. D10 infusion and intravenous/oral steroids started for severe hypoglycemia. Chemotherapy was initiated after biopsy, and blood glucose (BG) and lactate levels followed with clinical response in tumor size and changes in PET/CT. Investigations were significant for venous BG in the 40s (Ademolus Classification of Hypoglycemia grade 2 hypoglycemia), plasma insulin of less than 2 µU/mL (2-20 µU/mL), C-peptide of 0.2 ng/mL (0.8-6.0 ng/mL), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) of 113 ng/mL (333-967 ng/mL), serum lactate of 16 mmol/L (0.5-2 mmol/L), and albumin of 2.3 g/dL (3.4-5.4 g/dL). Biopsy showed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and PET revealed highly FDG-avid disease in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis, but no FDG uptake was seen in the brain. Hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis improved remarkably after chemotherapy. PET/CT at 4 weeks showed complete metabolic response with reappearance of physiological FDG uptake in the brain. Noninsulin-mediated hypoglycemia was likely due to the combination of profound malnutrition and rapid glucose use by cancer cells. The patient presented with exaggerated Warburg effect (hyper-Warburgism), evident by extreme glucose consumption, severe lactic acidosis, and large tumor burden on PET/CT. Absence of cognitive symptoms was probably due to use of lactate by the brain. Chemotherapy corrected these abnormalities rapidly, and must be instituted in a timely manner.
As recomendações de organismos internacionais na política educacional paulista
Authors: Novaes Luiz Carlos , Silva Thiago Moreira Melo e 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa as repercussões das recomendações de organismos internacionais, com prioridade para o Banco Mundial (BM), Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco) e a Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) na condução da política educacional paulista em curso. A hipótese é a de que ao longo de mais de duas décadas, e sob a égide de um mesmo partido político, o Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB), a política educacional paulista tem se alinhado às orientações e recomendações internacionais no que diz respeito às políticas educacionais, especificamente aquelas relacionadas aos docentes da educação básica, produzindo discursos que operam no sentido de desqualificar o professor, a sua formação e o trabalho que este profissional realiza. A partir da análise de documentos produzidos por organismos internacionais e, também, pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo (SEE/SP), concluímos que tal processo de desqualificação do estatuto socioprofissional dos docentes vem sendo engendrado ao longo de mais de duas décadas, fragilizando a imagem pública da profissão e fortalecendo estratégias de controle e regulação do trabalho docente, bem como de mecanismos de responsabilização, por parte do Estado, com vistas à implantação de políticas gerenciais e performáticas.
The neoliberal discourse in Latin American higher education: A call for national development and tighter government control
Authors: Mendoza Pilar , Lisa Dorner 
Published: November 2020

Using critical discourse analysis (CDA), we explored how educational leaders and policymakers in Mexico, Peru, Chile, and Argentina address complex issues while responding to – and in fact, developing – broader understandings (discourses) on the role of higher education in Latin America. Fairclough’s (1993) theory of discourse underscores that language is a social practice, socially and historically situated, and encompassing social identities, relations, and systems of knowledge and beliefs. Therefore, discourses, which are represented by all kinds of texts, exercise power because they can produce, reproduce, and transform social structures, including education policy. This study uncovers the nuances of the tensions that globalized discourses such as neoliberalism in particular face when met with national and local needs in Latin American higher education. These tensions need to be addressed in order to design policies that could effectively close the equity gap in the region amidst massification and the uncontrolled proliferation of private universities in many countries, offering access to underserved students to higher education but of questionable quality. This study suggests research like this is important in order to understand how discourses that are deemed global play out at national and local levels and possibly, to uncover alternatives to the status quo.
Bahaya Doktrin Politik Komunisme
Authors: Putra Gilang Rizki Aji 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:Communism in Indonesia has a bad stigma because it is mixed with non-politics. and communism was once a very influential political circulation in Indonesia. This is specifically seen in the process of selecting party chairmen in Indonesia, where each party's statutes / bylaws implies that communism is a forbidden ideology. therefore, there is a paradigm in society that communism means a perverted ideology. This paper shows that Communism has no relationship in the electoral process to political parties. The electoral process for the chairmanship of a political party will not run in a democratic manner if the basic rules / Bylaws of political parties do not get legalization from the government. Marxism as a thought movement will never die, because it will always be interpreted to answer the challenges of today's times, which are still full of human problems, alienation, inequality, injustice, and various other ills of society.Keywords: Communism, Idiology, Political Parties, Karl MarxAbstrak: Komunisme di Indonesia mempunyai stigma buruk akibat bercampurnya dengan tidak politik. serta komunisme pernah sebagai sirkulasi politik yang sangat berpengaruh di Indonesia. Hal ini secara spesifik tampak dalam proses pemilihan ketua partai di Indonesia, di mana di setiap anggaran Dasar / Anggaran Rumah Tangga kepartaian secara tidak langsung menyiratkan komunisme menjadi ideologi terlarang. oleh karena itu, ada paradigma dalam masyarakat bahwa komunisme artinya ideologi yang sesat. tulisan ini menunjukan Bahwa Komunisme tidak mempunyai hubungan dalam proses pemilihan ketuapartai politik. Proses pemilihanketua partai politik tidak akan berjalan secara demokrasi jika pada aturan Dasar / Anggaran Rumah Tangga partai politik tidak mendapatkan legalisasi asal Pemerintah. Marxisme sebagai sebuah gerakan pemikiran tak akan pernah mati, karena akan selalu diinterpretasi buat menjawab tantangan zaman dewasa ini, yang masih oleh saratnya permasalahan manusia, alienasi, ketimpangan, ketidakadilan, serta berbagai penyakit masyarakat lainnya.Kata Kunci: Komunisme, Idiologi, Partai Politik, Karl Marx