bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical solution for frame rail viaduct that can guarantee durability and safety exploitation
Authors: Jiponov A K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bridge constructions with frame static scheme are proven solution for railway viaducts, which guarantees durability, trouble – free maintenance, appropriate behaviour ensuring the assumption and transmission of vertical and horizontal efforts, redistribution of deformations occurring during the exploitation. The lack of bearings and expansion joints, makes them extremely reliable and adaptable to both the loads and the deformations that occur during the exploitation. An example of such a construction, with a seamless period of operation for more than 30 years, is the bridge in railway area of Station – Poduyane. It is a 3 spans frame structure, with a total length of 105m, with 18 track lines at the Railway Yard Area. In the current article, 2 railway viaducts will be presented – part of the Modernization of the Railway line Sofia – Plovdiv, railway section Elin Pelin – Ihtiman. Specific issues of the design process have been considered, with particular attention to the element stiffness proportion ratio, details of the joints, the effects of temperature, the shrinkage and creeping of the concrete, isolating the abutments from the soil effects / pressure.
Movement, Encounter Rate, and Collective Behavior in Ant Colonies
Authors: Gordon Deborah M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spatial patterns of movement regulate many aspects of social insect behavior, because how workers move around, and how many are there, determines how often they meet and interact. Interactions are usually olfactory; for example, in ants, by means of antennal contact in which one worker assesses the cuticular hydrocarbons of another. Encounter rates may be a simple outcome of local density: a worker experiences more encounters, the more other workers there are around it. This means that encounter rate can be used as a cue for overall density even though no individual can assess global density. Encounter rate as a cue for local density regulates many aspects of social insect behavior, including collective search, task allocation, nest choice, and traffic flow. As colonies grow older and larger, encounter rates change, which leads to changes in task allocation. Nest size affects local density and movement patterns, which influences encounter rate, so that nest size and connectivity influence colony behavior. However, encounter rate is not a simple function of local density when individuals change their movement in response to encounters, thus influencing further encounter rates. Natural selection on the regulation of collective behavior can draw on variation within and among colonies in the relation of movement patterns, encounter rate, and response to encounters.
Correlation of 24-Hour Average Heart Rate With Early Renal Damage in Patients With Initial Diagnosis of Hypertension
Authors: Huang Su-lan , Kuang Ze-min , Ge Liang-qing , Liang Li , Guo Ning , Yu Zhen-qiu , Zhou Quan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
To investigate the correlation of 24-hour average heart rate (HR) with early renal damage in patients with initial diagnosis of hypertension.

Methods
A total of 456 outpatients with initial diagnosis of hypertension were recruited between November 2015 and May 2017. Ambulatory electrocardiogram and blood pressure (BP) were monitored in all patients. According to the 24-hour average HR, patients were divided into fast HR group (24-hour average HR &gt;75 beats/minute, n = 203) and nonfast HR group (24-hour average HR ≤75 beats/minute, n = 253). HR, renal function, and urinary microalbumin were analyzed.

Results
Albumin-to-creatinine ratio, eGFR, body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 24-hour average HR, night and day average HR, diastolic BP, and daytime systolic BP were higher, while nocturnal BP drop rate was lower in patients with fast HR group than those in nonfast HR group (all P &lt; 0.05). Twenty-four-hour HR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio increased significantly with increases of office BP (P &lt; 0.05). albumin-to-creatinine ratio and eGFR in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group were significantly higher, while eGFR was lower than those in low- and middle-risk group (all P &lt; 0.05). The 24-hour average HR and resting HR were positively correlated with the level of microalbuminuria (r = 0.169, 0.265, respectively, both P &lt; 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the level of BP (B = 17.798), nocturnal BP drop rate (B = −1.766), and 24-hour average HR (B = 0.564) were correlated with microalbuminuria (all P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
The 24-hour average HR is associated with the early renal damage in patients with initial diagnosis of hypertension.
Correlation of Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001946, hsa_circ_0125589, and Environmental Factors With Hypertension
Authors: Liu Wan-yue , Sun Yi , Huang Shu-na , Lin Yu-zhen , Guo Hong-yan , Fang Jing , Zhang Gao-man , Li Huang-yuan , Wu Si-ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
To investigate the main environmental factors of hypertension and the relationship between hypertension and circular RNAs in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Methods
This was a case–control study. A total of 681 hypertension patients and 485 subjects without hypertension were recruited between April 2017 and October 2018. All participations completed the questionnaire investigation, physical examination, and laboratory detection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze circRNAs (hsa_circ_0001946 and hsa_circ_0125589) in peripheral blood leukocytes in 84 hypertensives and 84 controls. Multivariate logistic regression and crossover analysis were used to analyze the interaction and association between environmental factors and circRNAs in hypertension.

Results
After adjusted by gender, age and marital status, overweight/obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–2.22), abdominal obesity (OR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.54–3.04), anxiety (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.41–3.28), family history of hypertension (OR = 4.26, 95% CI 3.18–5.70), and higher levels of hsa_circ_0001946 (OR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.85–9.21) were risk factors for hypertension, while levels of hsa_circ_0125589 were not associated with hypertension. Crossover analysis showed that the risk of hypertension was 13.12 times higher (95% CI 3.89–44.23) in overweight subjects with high hsa_circ_0001946 levels compared with normal weight subjects with low hsa_circ_0001946 levels. Further, the risk of hypertension was 17.78 times higher (95% CI 1.88–168.61) in subjects with anxiety and high hsa_circ_0001946 levels.

Conclusions
Hypertension is the result of both environmental factors and genetic factors. Higher hsa_circ_0001946 levels, overweight and anxiety may increase the risk of hypertension, while hsa_circ_0125589 levels are not related to hypertension.
Chapter One Didymus and epic poetry
Authors: Pagani Lara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter studies Didymus’ scholarly activity on epic poetry, especially on Homer, in relation to both his own exegetical efforts and his work about the textual recension of Aristarchus of Samothrace. It provides a critical survey of the fragments of Didymus’ Homeric commentaries, with an overview on the subjects they covered. As for the treatise on Aristarchus’ diorthōsis, which is much more significant for the exegetical tradition on Homer, it discusses the scholia that convey his reasonings, the relationship of this work with the work of Aristonicus, the sources used by Didymus, the information Didymus gives us about Aristarchus’ works and ecdotic method, and finally the methods employed by Didymus himself in handling the work of his predecessors.
abPOA: an SIMD-based C library for fast partial order alignment using adaptive band
Authors: Gao Yan , Liu Yongzhuang , Ma Yanmei , Liu Bo , Wang Yadong , Xing Yi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Summary
Partial order alignment, which aligns a sequence to a directed acyclic graph, is now frequently used as a key component in long-read error correction and assembly. We present abPOA (adaptive banded Partial Order Alignment), a Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)-based C library for fast partial order alignment using adaptive banded dynamic programming. It can work as a stand-alone multiple sequence alignment and consensus calling tool or be easily integrated into any long-read error correction and assembly workflow. Compared to a state-of-the-art tool (SPOA), abPOA is up to 10 times faster with a comparable alignment accuracy.

Availability and implementation
abPOA is implemented in C. A stand-alone tool and a C/Python software interface are freely available at https://github.com/yangao07/abPOA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Artist and her Work in Carol Ann Duffy’s Poetry
Authors: Brown Paul Tolliver 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The author analyses Carol Ann Duffy’s dramatic monologues and revisionist myths in Standing Female Nude and The World’s Wife that centre on speakers who are either fashioned into objects of art or that become artists themselves. In the process, the author demonstrates that Duffy deconstructs the practice of objectification and undermines humanist philosophy. At the same time, Duffy appears to reconcile the postmodern dispersal of the subject with a sense of creative agency and autonomy, unmaking archetypes while weaving together an inclusive plurality of voices engaged in both social critique and creative praxis.
Cardiac pacing in severe recurrent reflex syncope and tilt-induced asystole
Authors: Brignole Michele , Russo Vincenzo , Arabia Francesco , Oliveira Mario , Pedrote Alonso , Aerts Arnaud , Rapacciuolo Antonio , Boveda Serge , Deharo Jean Claude , Maglia Giampiero , Nigro Gerardo , Giacopelli Daniele , Gargaro Alessio , Tomaino Marco ,   for the BioSync CLS trial Investigators
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Aim
The benefit of cardiac pacing in patients with severe recurrent reflex syncope and asystole induced by tilt testing has not been established. The usefulness of tilt-table test to select candidates for cardiac pacing is controversial.

Methods and results
We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years or older who had at least two episodes of unpredictable severe reflex syncope during the last year and a tilt-induced syncope with an asystolic pause longer than 3 s, to receive either an active (pacing ON; 63 patients) or an inactive (pacing OFF; 64 patients) dual-chamber pacemaker with closed loop stimulation (CLS). The primary endpoint was the time to first recurrence of syncope. Patients and independent outcome assessors were blinded to the assigned treatment. After a median follow-up of 11.2 months, syncope occurred in significantly fewer patients in the pacing group than in the control group [10 (16%) vs. 34 (53%); hazard ratio, 0.23; P = 0.00005]. The estimated syncope recurrence rate at 1 year was 19% (pacing) and 53% (control) and at 2 years, 22% (pacing) and 68% (control). A combined endpoint of syncope or presyncope occurred in significantly fewer patients in the pacing group [23 (37%) vs. 40 (63%); hazard ratio, 0.44; P = 0.002]. Minor device-related adverse events were reported in five patients (4%).

Conclusion
In patients aged 40 years or older, affected by severe recurrent reflex syncope and tilt-induced asystole, dual-chamber pacemaker with CLS is highly effective in reducing the recurrences of syncope. Our findings support the inclusion of tilt testing as a useful method to select candidates for cardiac pacing.

Study registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02324920, Eudamed number CIV-05-013546.
Clinical learnings from a virtual primary care program monitoring mild to moderate COVID-19 patients at home
Authors: Pimlott Nicholas , Agarwal Payal , McCarthy Lisa M , Luke Miles J , Hum Susan , Gill Sumeet , Heisey Ruth 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundVirtual consults have replaced in-person visits for many home-isolated patients with COVID-19 disease.ObjectivesTo describe the natural history, clinical management and outcomes of community-dwelling patients with COVID-19, who received support from a family medicine-led, virtual CovidCare@Home program in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.MethodsObservational, descriptive study conducted by retrospective chart review of 98 patients enrolled during the first 5 weeks of program implementation (8 April–11 May 2020); 73 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, with symptom onset ≤ 14 days before initial consult were included for analysis. Patients were classified as mild, moderate or severe based on WHO Criteria.ResultsAll patients in the program experienced mild (88%) or moderate (12.3%) disease. No patients were hospitalized or died. Patients were mainly female (70%); with mean age of 43.3 years. Most patients (82.2%) worked in higher risk, healthcare settings. Almost 40% had no medical co-morbidities. Common symptoms were cough (65.8%), fatigue (60.3%), headache (42.5%) and myalgia (39.7%), followed by fever (32.9%), sore throat (21.9%), nasal congestion (21.9%) and rhinorrhea (20.5%). Headache (51%) and anosmia (45.1%) were common among females; fever and breathlessness among males (40.9%). Nine patients (12.3%) experienced worsening of symptoms (mainly respiratory) or exacerbation of co-morbidities, which required care outside the virtual service.ConclusionPatients with mild to moderate COVID-19 disease can be managed safely and effectively in a family medicine-led virtual program. Some sex differences in symptoms were observed. Future work should focus on long-term follow up in view of the existence of so-called ‘long-haulers’.
Safeguarding the fragile rice–wheat ecosystem of the Indo-Gangetic Plains through bio-priming and bioaugmentation interventions
Authors: Sarkar Deepranjan , Rakshit Amitava 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTManaging agrochemicals for crop production always remains a classic challenge for us to maintain the doctrine of sustainability. Intensively cultivated rice–wheat production system without using the organics (organic amendments, manures, biofertilizers) has a tremendous impact on soil characteristics (physical, chemical, and biological), environmental quality (water, air), input use efficiency, ecosystem biodiversity, and nutritional security. Consequently, crop productivity is found to be either decreasing or stagnating. Rice–wheat cropping system is the major agroecosystem in India feeding millions of people, which is widely practiced in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Microorganisms as key players in the soil system can restore the degraded ecosystems using a variety of mechanisms. Here, we propose how delivery systems (i.e., the introduction of microbes in seed, soil, and crop through bio-priming and/or bioaugmentation) can help us in eradicating food scarcity and maintaining sustainability without compromising the ecosystem services. Both bio-priming and bioaugmentation are efficient techniques to utilize bio-agents judiciously for successful crop production by enhancing phytohormones, nutrition status, and stress tolerance levels in plants (including mitigating of abiotic stresses and biocontrol of pests/pathogens). However, there are some differences in application methods, and the latter one also includes the aspects of bioremediation or soil detoxification. Overall, we have highlighted different perspectives on applying biological solutions in the IGP to sustain the dominant (rice–wheat) cropping sequence.
NKCC1: Newly Found as a Human Disease-Causing Ion Transporter
Authors: Koumangoye Rainelli , Bastarache Lisa , Delpire Eric 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAmong the electroneutral Na+-dependent chloride transporters, NKCC1 had until now evaded identification as a protein causing human diseases. The closely related SLC12A transporters, NKCC2 and NCC have been identified some 25 years ago as responsible for Bartter and Gitelman syndromes: two renal-dependent salt wasting disorders. Absence of disease was most surprising since the NKCC1 knockout mouse was shown in 1999 to be viable, albeit with a wide range of deleterious phenotypes. Here we summarize the work of the past 5 years that introduced us to clinical cases involving NKCC1. The most striking cases are of 3 children with inherited mutations, who have complete absence of NKCC1 expression. These cases establish that lack of NKCC1 causes deafness; CFTR-like secretory defects with mucus accumulation in lung and intestine; severe xerostomia, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features, and severe neurodevelopmental disorder. Another intriguing case is of a patient with a dominant deleterious SLC12A2 allele. This de novo mutation introduced a premature stop codon leading to a truncated protein. This mutant transporter seems to exert dominant-negative effect on wild-type transporter only in epithelial cells. The patient who suffers from lung, bladder, intestine, pancreas, and multiple endocrine abnormalities has, however, normal hearing and cognition. Finally, new reports substantiate the haploinsufficiency prediction of the SLC12A2 gene. Cases with single allele mutations in SLC12A2 have been linked to hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Intrinsic Exercise Capacity and Mitochondrial DNA Lead to Opposing Vascular-Associated Risks
Authors: Roy Shaunak , Edwards Jonnelle M , Tomcho Jeremy C , Schreckenberger Zachary , Bearss Nicole R , Zhang Youjie , Morgan Eric E , Cheng Xi , Spegele Adam C , Vijay-Kumar Matam , McCarthy Cameron G , Koch Lauren G , Joe Bina , Wenceslau Camilla Ferreira 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Exercise capacity is a strong predictor of all-cause morbidity and mortality in humans. However, the associated hemodynamic traits that link this valuable indicator to its subsequent disease risks are numerable. Additionally, exercise capacity has a substantial heritable component and genome-wide screening indicates a vast amount of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers are significantly associated with traits of physical performance. A long-term selection experiment in rats confirms a divide for cardiovascular risks between low- and high-capacity runners (LCR and HCR, respectively), equipping us with a preclinical animal model to uncover new mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the LCR and HCR rat model system for differences in vascular function at the arterial resistance level. Consistent with the known divide between health and disease, we observed that LCR rats present with resistance artery and perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction compared to HCR rats that mimic qualities important for health, including improved vascular relaxation. Uniquely, we show by generating conplastic strains, which LCR males with mtDNA of female HCR (LCR-mtHCR/Tol) present with improved vascular function. Conversely, HCR-mtLCR/Tol rats displayed indices for cardiac dysfunction. The outcome of this study suggests that the interplay between the nuclear genome and the maternally inherited mitochondrial genome with high intrinsic exercise capacity is a significant factor for improved vascular physiology, and animal models developed on an interaction between nuclear and mtDNA are valuable new tools for probing vascular risk factors in the offspring.
On the heterogeneity of the earthquake rupture
Authors: Malagnini Luca , Dreger Douglas S , Nadeau Robert M , Munafò Irene , Cocco Massimo 
Published: November 2020

SUMMARYThe scaling of earthquake parameters with seismic moment and its interpretation in terms of self-similarity is still debated in the literature. We address this question by examining a worldwide compilation of corner frequency-based and elastic rebound theory (ERT)-based fault slip, area and stress drop values for earthquakes ranging in magnitude from −0.7 to 7.8. We find that corner frequency estimates of slip (and stress drop) scale differently than those inferred from the ERT approach, where the latter deviates from the generally accepted constant stress drop behaviour of so-called self-similar scaling models. We also find that average slips from finite-source models are consistent with corner frequency scaling, whereas peak slip values are more consistent with the ERT scaling. The different scaling of corner frequency- and ERT-based estimates of slip and stress drop with earthquake size is interpreted in terms of heterogeneity of the rupture process. ERT-based estimates of stress drop decrease with seismic moment suggesting a self-affine behaviour. Despite the inferred heterogeneity at all scales, we do not observe a clear effect on the Brune stress drop scaling with earthquake size.
Diffracted wavefield decomposition and multidimensional site effects in the Argostoli valley, Greece
Authors: Imtiaz A , Cornou C , Bard P-Y , Hobiger M 
Published: November 2020

SUMMARYEffects of seismic ground motion induced by surface geology and geometry are known to be associated with the generation of a substantial proportion of surface waves. As a consequence, surface waves significantly contribute to ground-motion variability and site amplification. There is a growing body of literature recognizing that an understanding of physical patterns of the wavefield crossing a site is the key aspect to characterize and quantify them. However, this task remains technically challenging due to the complexity of such effects as well as the limitations of geophysical investigations, especially in case of small sedimentary valleys. The present study attempts to investigate the waves propagating across two 2-D dense seismic arrays from a number of earthquakes and explore the extent to which they are contributing to the multidimensional site effects. The arrays were deployed in the small-size, shallow alluvial valley of Koutavos-Argostoli, located in Cephalonia Island, Greece, and consisted of three-component velocimeters with interstation distances ranging from 5 to 160 m. A set of 46 earthquakes, with magnitudes between 2 and 5 and epicentral distances up to 200 km, was analysed by using an advanced seismic array processing technique, MUSIQUE. The phase velocity, backazimuth and energy of the dominant waves crossing the array were extracted, and their identification as Love or prograde/retrograde Rayleigh waves was obtained. The results clearly indicate a predominance of scattered surface waves (up to 60 per cent of total energy), mainly from the closest valley edges, above the fundamental frequency (∼1.5 Hz) of the valley. Love waves dominate the low-frequency wavefield (&lt;3 Hz) while Rayleigh waves dominate some high-frequency bands. An excellent consistency is observed, in a given frequency range, among the dominance of the type of diffracted surface waves, group velocities estimated from the ground velocity structure and site amplification. The outcomes of this research provide a better understanding of the contribution of edge-diffracted surface waves and the 2-D/3-D site amplification at small and shallow alluvium valleys like Argostoli. The method applied here can be used to calibrate and validate 3-D models for simulating seismic ground motion.