bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological receptor-inspired flexible artificial synapse based on ionic dynamics
Authors: Lu Qifeng , Sun Fuqin , Liu Lin , Li Lianhui , Wang Yingyi , Hao Mingming , Wang Zihao , Wang Shuqi , Zhang Ting 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe memristor has been regarded as a promising candidate for constructing a neuromorphic computing platform that is capable of confronting the bottleneck of the traditional von Neumann architecture. Here, inspired by the working mechanism of the G-protein-linked receptor of biological cells, a novel double-layer memristive device with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets covered by chitosan (an ionic conductive polymer) as the channel material is constructed. The protons in chitosan and the functional groups in rGO nanosheets imitate the functions of the ligands and receptors of biological cells, respectively. Smooth changes in the response current depending on the historical applied voltages are observed, offering a promising pathway toward biorealistic synaptic emulation. The memristive behavior is mainly a result of the interaction between protons provided by chitosan and the defects and functional groups in the rGO nanosheets. The channel current is due to the hopping of protons through functional groups and is limited by the traps in the rGO nanosheets. The transition from short-term to long-term potentiation is achieved, and learning-forgetting behaviors of the memristor mimicking those of the human brain are demonstrated. Overall, the bioinspired memristor-type artificial synaptic device shows great potential in neuromorphic networks.
Wearable multi-sensing double-chain thermoelectric generator
Authors: Wen Dan-Liang , Deng Hai-Tao , Liu Xin , Li Guo-Ke , Zhang Xin-Ran , Zhang Xiao-Sheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWearable electronics play a crucial role in advancing the rapid development of artificial intelligence, and as an attractive future vision, all-in-one wearable microsystems integrating powering, sensing, actuating and other functional components on a single chip have become an appealing tendency. Herein, we propose a wearable thermoelectric generator (ThEG) with a novel double-chain configuration to simultaneously realize sustainable energy harvesting and multi-functional sensing. In contrast to traditional single-chain ThEGs with the sole function of thermal energy harvesting, each individual chain of the developed double-chain thermoelectric generator (DC-ThEG) can be utilized to scavenge heat energy, and moreover, the combination of the two chains can be employed as functional sensing electrodes at the same time. The mature mass-fabrication technology of screen printing was successfully introduced to print n-type and p-type thermoelectric inks atop a polymeric substrate to form thermocouples to construct two independent chains, which makes this DC-ThEG flexible, high-performance and cost-efficient. The emerging material of silk fibroin was employed to cover the gap of the fabricated two chains to serve as a functional layer for sensing the existence of liquid water molecules in the air and the temperature. The powering and sensing functions of the developed DC-ThEG and their interactions were systematically studied via experimental measurements, which proved the DC-ThEG to be a robust multi-functional power source with a 151 mV open-circuit voltage. In addition, it was successfully demonstrated that this DC-ThEG can convert heat energy to achieve a 3.3 V output, matching common power demands of wearable electronics, and harvest biothermal energy to drive commercial electronics (i.e., a calculator). The integration approach of powering and multi-functional sensing based on this new double-chain configuration might open a new chapter in advanced thermoelectric generators, especially in the applications of all-in-one self-powered microsystems.
Setting up and sustaining blood and marrow transplant services for children in middle-income economies: an experience-driven position paper on behalf of the EBMT PDWP
Authors: Faulkner Lawrence , Verna Marta , Rovelli Attilio , Agarwal Rajat Kumar , Dhanya Rakesh , Parmar Lalith , Sedai Amit , Kumari Ankita , Ramprakash Stalin , Raghuram C. P. , Mehta Pallavi , Elizabeth Sandeep , Khalid Sadaf , Batool Aliya , Ghilani Sarah Khan , Fatima Itrat , Zara Tatheer , Marwah Priya , Soni Rajpreet , Trivedi Deepa , Conter Valentino , Canesi Marta , Othman Dosti , Faeq Vian , Kleinschmidt Katharina , Yesillipek Akif , Lam Catherine G. , Howard Scott C. , Corbacioglu Selim ,   the Pediatric Diseases Working Party of the European Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group, Jefri Abdulah Al , Bertania Alice , Büchner Jochen , Willasch Andrè , Gibson Brenda , Güngür Tayfun , Ifversen Marianne , Meisel Roland , Müller Ingo , Vetteranta Kim , Veys Paul , Wachowiak Jacek 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSevere blood disorders and cancer are the leading cause of death and disability from noncommunicable diseases in the global pediatric population and a major financial burden. The most frequent of these conditions, namely sickle cell disease and severe thalassemia, are highly curable by blood or bone marrow transplantation (BMT) which can restore a normal health-related quality of life and be cost-effective. This position paper summarizes critical issues in extending global access to BMT based on ground experience in the start-up of several BMT units in middle-income countries (MICs) across South-East Asia and the Middle East where close to 700 allogeneic BMTs have been performed over a 10-year period. Basic requirements in terms of support systems, equipment, and consumables are summarized keeping in mind WHO’s model essential lists and recommendations. BMT unit setup and maintenance costs are summarized as well as those per transplant. Low-risk BMT is feasible and safe in MICs with outcomes comparable to high-income countries but at a fraction of the cost. This report might be of assistance to health care institutions in MICs interested in developing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation services and strengthening context appropriate tertiary care and higher medical education.
The rotation period distribution of the rich Pleiades-age southern open cluster NGC 2516
Authors: Fritzewski D. J. , Barnes S. A. , James D. J. , Strassmeier K. G. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. We wish to measure the cool star rotation period distribution for the Pleiades-age rich open cluster NGC 2516 and use it to determine whether cluster-to-cluster variations exist in otherwise identical open clusters.
Methods. We obtained 42 d-long time-series CCD photometry of NGC 2516 in the V and Ic filters using the Yale 1 m telescope at CTIO and performed a number of related analyses, including PSF-based time-series photometry. Our data are complemented with additional information from several photometric datasets, literature radial velocities, and Gaia DR2 astrometry. All available data are used to construct an integrated membership list for NGC 2516, containing 844 stars in our ≈1° field of view.
Results. We derived 308 rotation periods for late-F to mid-M cluster members from our photometry. We identified an additional 247 periodic M dwarf stars from a prior study as cluster members, and used these to construct a 555-star rotation period distribution for NGC 2516. The colour-period diagram (in multiple colours) has almost no outliers and exhibits the anticipated triangular shape, with a diagonal slow rotator sequence that is preferentially occupied by the warmer stars along with a flat fast rotator sequence that is preferentially populated by the cooler cluster members. We also find a group of extremely slowly rotating M dwarfs (10 d ≲ Prot ≲ 23 d), forming a branch in the colour-period diagram which we call the “extended slow rotator sequence”. This, and other features of the rotational distribution can also be found in the Pleiades, making the colour-period diagrams of the two clusters nearly indistinguishable. A comparison with the well-studied (and similarly aged) open cluster M 35 indicates that the cluster’s rotational distribution is also similarly indistinguishable from that of NGC 2516. Those for the open clusters M 50 and Blanco 1 are similar, but data issues for those clusters make the comparisons somewhat more ambiguous. Nevertheless, we demonstrate the existence of a representative zero-age main sequence rotational distribution and provide a simple colour-independent way to represent it. We perform a detailed comparison of the NGC 2516 rotation period data with a number of recent rotational evolution models. Using X-ray data from the literature, we also construct the first rotation-activity diagram for solar-type stars in NGC 2516, one that we find is essentially indistinguishable from those for the Pleiades and Blanco 1.
Conclusions. The two clusters NGC 2516 and Pleiades can be considered twins in terms of stellar rotation and related properties (and M 35, M 50, and Blanco 1 are similar), suggesting that otherwise identical open clusters also have intrinsically similar cool star rotation and activity distributions.
Estimating the electric field response to the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 magnetic storms across Scotland using observed geomagnetic fields, magnetotelluric impedances and perturbation tensors
Authors: Simpson Fiona , Bahr Karsten 
Published: September 2020

Geomagnetic storms generate heightened magnetovariational activity, which induces electric fields that drive hazardous currents known as geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) through man-made technological conductors including power transmission lines, railway networks and gas pipelines. We multiply magnetotelluric (MT) impedances from 23 sites in Scotland and northern England with measured geomagnetic field spectra from the Halloween 2003 and September 2017 storms to estimate maximum peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes and directions for these storms, which we present as hazard maps. By sampling these electric fields in the direction of the longest (>50 km), high-voltage (275 and 400 kV) Scottish power transmission lines and integrating along their lengths, we estimate their associated transmission-line voltages. Lateral electrical conductivity variations in the Earth generate horizontal magnetic field gradients. We investigate the effect of these gradients on electric field estimates obtained using remote magnetic fields by applying a correction to the impedance tensor derived from the magnetic perturbation tensor between the local MT site and the remote magnetic field site. For the September 2017 storm, we also compare our estimated electric fields with a unique dataset comprising measured storm-time electric fields from 7 MT sites. We find that peak-to-peak, electric field magnitudes may have reached 13 V/km during the Halloween storm in some areas of the Scottish Highlands, with line-averaged electric fields >5 V/km sustained along a number of long-distance, high-voltage power transmission lines; line-averaged electric fields for the September 2017 storm are 1 V/km or less. Our surface electric fields show significant site-to-site variability that arises due to Earth’s internal 3D electrical conductivity structure, as characterised by the MT impedance tensors.
Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of C1–C2 Pannus, a Step-by-Step Surgical and Anatomical Description: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Elhammady Mohamed Samy , Al-Bar Mohammad , Roser Florian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExpanded endonasal endoscopic approaches provide access to the entire central skull base and craiocervical junction. The authors present a case of an 81-year-old man who presented with progressive spastic quadriparesis to the point of being wheel-chair bound. Cervical spine computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated multilevel extensive spondylitic changes with a large pannus at the C1–2 junction, severely compressing the spinal cord (Figs. 1 and 2). Given the significant anterior spinal cord compression and the patient's substantial weakness, the decision was made to perform an endoscopic endonasal anterior cervical decompression and resection of the pannus followed a posterior cervical fusion. The patient recovered well following surgery with significant improvement of motor function. The preoperative assessment, the step-by-step surgical technique, and the technical nuances are demonstrated and discussed.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/HzrZO-0Vol4.
Electrophysiological and Behavioral Evaluation of Auditory Processing in Adults with Dysphonia
Authors: Bez Ana Cláudia Mondini Ribeiro , Luiz Cyntia Barbosa Laureano , Paes Sabrina Mazzer , Azevedo Renata Rangel , Gil Daniela 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Dysphonia is an oral communication disorder. The voice and hearing are interrelated aspects. Hearing is an important sensory input for monitoring the vocal pattern. The relation between hearing abilities and dysphonia represents a contribution both in scientific and in clinical terms, especially in cases in which satisfactory results are not achieved in the therapeutic process.
Objective To characterize long-latency auditory evoked potential (P300) with tonal and complex stimuli, and to make a behavioral evaluation of auditory processing in adults with behavioral dysphonia.
Method The sample used for the present study consisted of 20 subjects from both genders with ages ranging from 18 and 58, who were diagnosed with behavioral dysphonia. The evaluations occurred in a single 2-hour session, in which the procedures of clinical history, pure tone and speech audiometries, acoustic immittance measures, and behavioral and electrophysiological evaluations of auditory processing were performed.
Results The descriptive measures of P3 latency elicited by tonal and complex stimuli showed similar results for the right and left ears, without statistically significant differences. In the qualitative analysis, the results observed were within the normality patterns for the P3 component for both tonal and complex stimuli. As for the behavioral evaluation of auditory processing, abnormal results were observed in 100% of the sample. Abnormalities were found in the auditory skills of ordering and temporal resolution and figure-background obtained from the duration pattern, random gap detection, and dichotic tests (syllables and words), respectively.
Conclusion The evaluated patients presented central auditory processing disorder, evidenced by behavioral assessment.
Improving the Management of High-Risk Pregnancies with the Use of the Robson Classification
Authors: Correa Junior Mario Dias , Santos Bárbara Moreira Ribeiro Trindade dos , Roveda José Reinaldo Correa , Silva Laura Carolina Menezes Vieira , Guimarães Larissa Silva , Gonçalves Samuel Cristóvão Lopes 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective To analyze the rates of cesarean delivery longitudinally in a university hospital using the Robson classification.
Methods Data related to births performed between 2014 and 2018 and recorded in the Maternal and Neonatal Health Information System (Sistema de Informações em Saúde Materna e Neonatal, SISMATER, in Portuguese) were analyzed using the Robson classification. As an aid, we used articles published in the last five years that approach the same topic in other Brazilian maternity hospitals; they were retrieved from the LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases.
Results There was little variation in the total rate of cesarean sections in the period; however, the profile of each group changed over the years. It was possible to verify a significant reduction in the participation of groups of pregnant women with lower risk and an increase in high-risk pregnancies, attributable to the decrease in beds in the institution, with a greater transfer of patients. In addition, there was a reduction in cesarean sections among the lower-risk groups, while the rate among the higher-risk groups remained stable.
Conclusion The use of the Robson classification to stratify cesarean deliveries contributes to a better analysis of the indications for cesarean delivery, enabling the establishment of strategies to reduce the rates, generating a positive impact on hospital management and quality of care.
Analysis of Body Composition and Pain Intensity in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain Secondary to Endometriosis
Authors: Silva Joyce Beatriz da , Gurian Maria Beatriz Ferreira , Nonino Carla Barbosa , Poli-Neto Omero Benedito , Nogueira Antonio Alberto , Reis Francisco José Candido dos , Silva Júlio Rosa-e-Silva 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective To determine the average body composition (percentage of body fat), the anthropometric markers, and the intensity of clinical pain in women with a clinical diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) secondary to endometriosis.
Methods A case-control study performed with 91 women, 46 of whom with CPP secondary to endometriosis and 45 of whom with CPP secondary to other causes. They underwent an evaluation of the anthropometric parameters by means of the body mass index (BMI), the perimeters (waist, abdomen, hip), and the percentage of body fat (%BF), which were assessed on a body composition monitor by bioimpedance; the intensity of the clinical pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS), and the symptoms of anxiety and depression, using the hospital's anxiety and depression scale (HAD).
Results The groups did not differ in terms of mean age, BMI, %BF or regarding the available waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). The mean intensity of the clinical pain by the VAS was of 7.2 ± 2.06 in the group with CPP secondary to endometriosis, and of 5.93 ± 2.64 in the group with CPP secondary to other causes (p = 0.03), revealing significant differences between the groups.
Conclusion We concluded that, despite the difference in the pain score assessed between the two groups, there was no difference regarding body composition and anthropometry.
The Canadian Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Collaborative Mobile App: A National Guideline Implementation Strategy
Authors: LaRusso Kathryn , Puligandla Pramod S. , Anna Guilherme Sant' 
Published: September 2020

Objective Coinciding with the publication of the Canadian congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) Collaborative's clinical practice guidelines (CPG), we developed a mobile smartphone app to increase guideline utilization and promote knowledge translation.
Study Design This mobile app was organized into sections corresponding to the phases of CDH care (prenatal, perinatal/postnatal, and child/adolescent), and contained 22 recommendations supported by evidence summaries, PubMed links, levels of evidence, and strength of expert consensus. Download statistics were collected from September 2018 to June 2020 after release of two iOS versions and an Android platform. Data regarding user numbers/location, most visited sections, and individual session details were analyzed.
Results During the study period, the CDH app had 1,586 users predominantly from Canada (40%), United States (30%), and Brazil (12%). The Android release increased app visibility, particularly in Brazil, which had the largest number of new users. Of 3,723 sessions, roughly one-third were returning users. The average session duration and screens viewed/session was 4 minutes and seven screens, respectively. Postnatal ventilation was the most frequently visited subsection after prenatal diagnosis/risk stratification. Measurement of observed-to-expected lung head ratio was the most visited individual recommendation. The guideline compliance checklist was the most frequently accessed resource highlighting its utility.
Conclusion The CDH app is an innovative platform to disseminate guidelines. The increasing global reach of the app suggests worldwide CPG relevance. With additional features planned, the CDH app will continue to support clinical decision-making and empower patients and families as they navigate the short and long-term challenges associated with CDH.
Key Points
Psychometric Assessment of Morbid Fear of COVID-19 and Its Homoeopathic Management—A Treatment Perspective through Case Reports
Authors: Ponnam Hima Bindu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFear of an infection is posing a major threat in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. Although nothing novel but still when we see historically over the times, fear of infection in any pandemic crisis remains the same even after the advent of modern medical advancements. This morbid fear of risk of infection has more traumatic effect psychologically than reality of succumbing to an infection and its recovery. Nevertheless, the cause of the fear and its management is very important in this COVID-19 crisis situation. Homoeopathy system of medicine offers a safe, palatable, economical and an eco-friendly management solution to tackle this morbid fear. Homoeopathy is being used by the public since a very long time and people continue to experience its overall health benefits with utmost trust and diligence. Two cases of morbid fear of COVID-19 infection treated homoeopathically with positive outcome are presented here.
Real-Time Safety Audits of Neonatal Delivery Room Resuscitation Areas: Are We Sufficiently Prepared?
Authors: Ortiz-Movilla Roberto , Funes-Moñux Rosa M. , Domingo-Comeche Laura , Martínez-Bernat Lucía , Beato-Merino Maite , Royuela-Vicente Ana , Román-Riechmann Enriqueta , Marín-Gabriel Miguel Á. 
Published: September 2020

Objective This study aimed to use real-time safety audits to establish whether preparation of the equipment required for the stabilization and resuscitation of newborns in the delivery room areas is adequate.
Study Design This was a descriptive, multicenter study performed at five-level III-A neonatal units in Madrid, Spain. For 1 year, one researcher from each center performed random real-time safety audits (RRTSAs), on different days and during different shifts, of at least three neonatal stabilization areas, either in the delivery room or in the operating room used for caesarean sections. Three factors in each area were reviewed: the set-up of the radiant warmer, the materials, and medication available. The global audit was considered without defect when no errors were detected in any of the audited factors. Possible differences in the results were analyzed as a function of the study month, day of the week, or shift during which the audit had been performed.
Results A total of 852 audits were performed. No defects were detected in any of the three factors analyzed in the 534 (62.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.3–65.9) cases. Slight defects were detected in 98 (11.5%, 95% CI: 9.4–13.8) cases and serious defects capable of producing adverse events in the newborn during resuscitation were found in 220 (25.8%, 95% CI: 22.9–28.9) cases. No statistically significant differences in the results were found according to the day of the week or time during which the audits were performed. However, the percentage of RRTSAs without defect increased as the study period progressed (first quarter 38.1% vs. the last quarter 84.2%; p < 0.001).
Conclusion The percentage of adequately prepared resuscitation areas was low. RRTSAs made it possible to detect errors in the correct availability of the neonatal stabilization areas and improved their preparation by preventing errors from being perpetuated over time.
Key Points