bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potassium application to the cover crop prior to cotton planting as a fertilization strategy in sandy soils
Authors: Echer Fábio Rafael , Peres Vinicius José Souza , Rosolem Ciro Antonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUrochloa grasses are used as cover crops in tropical cropping systems under no-till to improve nutrient cycling. We hypothesized that potassium (K) applied to ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) grown before cotton in a sandy soil could be timely cycled and ensure nutrition, yield and quality of cotton cultivars with no need to split K application. Field experiments were performed with different K managements, applied to ruzigrass, to cotton grown after grass and without grass, or split as it is done conventionally. No yield differences were observed on K fertilized treatments. At 0 K, cotton yields were low, but they increased by 16% when ruzigrass was grown before, and short fiber content was lower when there was more K available. Ruzigrass grown before cotton increased micronaire as much as the application of 116 kg ha−1 of K without the grass. Fiber maturity was higher when K was applied to the grass or split in the grass and sidedressed in cotton. Growing ruzigrass before cotton allows for early K fertilization, i.e., application of all the fertilizer to de grass, since the nutrient is recycled, and cotton K nutrition is not harmed. Eventually K rates could be reduced as a result of higher efficiency of the systems.
Design, microwave synthesis, and molecular docking studies of catalpol crotonates as potential neuroprotective agent of diabetic encephalopathy
Authors: Liu Shuanglin , Cheng Xiaodong , Li XiaoFei , Kong Yuanfang , Jiang Shiqing , Dong Chunhong , Wang Guoqing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCatalpol has gained increasing attention for its potential contributions in controlling glycolipid metabolism and diabetic complications, which makes used as a very promising scaffold for seeking new anti-diabetic drug candidates. Acylation derivatives of catalpol crotonate (CCs) were designed as drug ligands of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) based on molecular docking (MD) using Surfex-Docking method. Catalpol hexacrotonate (CC-6) was synthesized using microwave assisted method and characterized by FT-IR, NMR, HPLC and HRMS. The MD results indicate that with the increasing of esterification degree of hydroxyl, the C log P of CCs increased significantly, and the calculated total scores (Total_score) of CCs are all higher than that of catalpol. It shows that CCs maybe served as potential lead compounds for neuroprotective agents. It was found that the maximum Total_score of isomers in one group CCs is often not that the molecule with minimum energy. MD calculations show that there are five hydrogen bonds formed between CC-6 and the surrounding amino acid residues. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the binding of CC-6 with GSH-Px is stable. CC-6 was screened for SH-SY5Y cells viability by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, the result indicates CC-6 can effectively reverse SZT induced cells apoptosis with dose-dependent manner, which can indirectly show that CC-6 is a potential neuroprotective agent.
Verminoside from Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum sensitizes cisplatin-resistant cancer cells and suppresses metastatic growth of human breast cancer
Authors: Lee Changhu , Ryu Hyung Won , Kim Sahee , Kim Min , Oh Sei-Ryang , Ahn Kyung-Seop , Park Jiyoung 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and is associated with a high mortality rate. The majority of deaths resulting from breast cancer are attributable to metastatic growth; in addition, chemoresistance is a major concern in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. However, limited drugs are available for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In this study, the chemoadjuvant effects of a methanolic extract from the leaves of Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum (NC13) and an active component isolated from the plant, verminoside (Vms), were evaluated. Furthermore, their potent anti-metastatic activities were validated in vitro and in vivo in animal models. The anti-metastatic and chemosensitizing activities of NC13 and Vms on cisplatin treatment were found to be partly mediated by suppression of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. Collectively, our results implied that NC13 and its bioactive component Vms could be developed as effective chemoadjuvants in combination with conventional therapeutics.
Effects of cognitive and motor dual-tasks on oropharyngeal swallowing assessed with FEES in healthy individuals
Authors: Muhle Paul , Claus Inga , Labeit Bendix , Ogawa Mao , Dziewas Rainer , Suntrup-Krueger Sonja , Warnecke Tobias 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDysphagia is frequent in many neurological diseases and gives rise to severe complications such as malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, early detection and management of dysphagia is essential and can reduce mortality. This study investigated the effect of cognitive and motor dual-task interference on swallowing in healthy participants, as dual-task effects are reported for other motor tasks such as gait and speech. 27 participants (17 females; 29.2 ± 4.1 years) were included in this prospective study and examined using flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). Using a previously established FEES-based score, the paradigms “baseline swallowing”, “cognitive dual-task” and “motor dual-task” were assessed. Scores of the three paradigms were compared using a repetitive measures ANOVA and post-hoc analysis. Mean baseline swallowing score in single task was 5 ± 3. It worsened to 6 ± 5 in the cognitive (p = 0.118), and to 8 ± 5 in the motor dual-task condition (p < 0.001). This change was driven by subclinical worsening of premature bolus spillage and pharyngeal residue. Oropharyngeal swallowing is not exclusively reflexive in nature but requires attention, which leads to motor dual-task interference. This has potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications, e.g. in the early screening for dysphagia or in avoiding dual-task situations while eating.
Gestational weight gain and foetal acidosis in vaginal and caesarean deliveries: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Murata Tsuyoshi , Kyozuka Hyo , Yamaguchi Akiko , Fukuda Toma , Yasuda Shun , Sato Akiko , Ogata Yuka , Shinoki Kosei , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Yasumura Seiji , Hashimoto Koichi , Nishigori Hidekazu , Fujimori Keiya ,   The Japan Environment, Children’s Study (JECS) Group, Kamijima Michihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Ohya Yukihiro , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Nakayama Takeo , Iso Hiroyasu , Shima Masayuki , Kurozawa Youichi , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInappropriate gestational weight gain (GWG), either above or below the recommended values, has been associated with an increased risk of adverse obstetric outcomes. To evaluate the risks of GWG for foetal acidosis according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and mode of delivery, we analysed women with singleton pregnancies between 2011 and 2014 in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Participants (n = 71,799) were categorised according to pre-pregnancy BMI. GWG was categorised into insufficient, appropriate, or excessive. Foetal acidosis was defined as umbilical artery pH (UmA-pH) < 7.20 or < 7.10. Multiple logistic regressions were performed for each BMI category to identify the risks of GWG for foetal acidosis, accounting for the mode of delivery. Excessive GWG was significantly associated with increased foetal acidosis in overweight women and in women whose pre-pregnancy BMI was 23.0–25.0 kg/m2 especially in those with vaginal deliveries. Conversely, excessive GWG was not significantly associated with increased foetal acidosis in obese women and in women whose pre-pregnancy BMI was  ≥ 25.0 kg/m2.
Lithocholic bile acid induces apoptosis in human nephroblastoma cells: a non-selective treatment option
Authors: Trah Julian , Arand Jonas , Oh Jun , Pagerols-Raluy Laia , Trochimiuk Magdalena , Appl Birgit , Heidelbach Hannah , Vincent Deirdre , Saleem Moin A. , Reinshagen Konrad , Mühlig Anne K. , Boettcher Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLithocholic bile acid (LCA) has been reported to selectively kill cancer cells within many tumor cell lines including neuroblastoma or glioblastoma. Wilms’ tumor shares similarities with neuro- and glioblastoma. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of LCA on nephroblastoma. To test the effects of LCA, nephroblastoma cell line WT CLS1 was used. SK NEP1 was tested as well. It was originally classified as a nephroblastoma cell line but was meanwhile reclassified as an ewing sarcoma cell line. As control cell lines HEK 293 from embryonic kidney and RC 124 from adult kidney tissue as well as podocytes were used. The effects were evaluated using proliferation assay, caspase activity assay, FACS and Western blot. LCA showed a dose and time-dependent selective effect inducing apoptosis in nephroblastoma cells. However, these effects were not limited to the nephroblastoma cell line but also affected control kidney cell lines and the sarcoma cells; only podocytes are significantly less affected by LCA (at dosages < 200 µm). There were no significant differences regarding the TGR5 receptor expression. The study showed that LCA has a strong, yet unselective effect on all used in vitro cell-lines, sparing the highly differentiated podocytes in lower concentrations. Further studies are needed to verify our results before dismissing LCA as an anti-cancer drug.
A virtual experimenter does not increase placebo hypoalgesia when delivering an interactive expectancy manipulation
Authors: Horing Bjoern , Beadle Sarah C. , Inks Zachariah , Robb Andrew , Muth Eric R. , Babu Sabarish V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLack of standardization and unblinding threaten the research of mechanisms involved in expectancy effects on pain. We evaluated a computer-controlled virtual experimenter (VEx) to avoid these issues. Fifty-four subjects underwent a baseline-retest heat pain protocol. Between sessions, they received an expectancy manipulation (placebo or no-treatment) delivered by VEx or text-only control condition. The VEx provided standardized “social” interaction with the subjects. Pain ratings and psychological state/trait measures were recorded. We found an interaction of expectancy and delivery on pain improvement following the intervention. In the text conditions, placebo was followed by lower pain, whereas in the VEx conditions, placebo and no-treatment were followed by a comparable pain decrease. Secondary analyses indicated that this interaction was mirrored by decreases of negative mood and anxiety. Furthermore, changes in continuous pain were moderated by expectation of pain relief. However, retrospective pain ratings show an effect of expectancy but not of delivery. We conclude that we successfully applied an automated protocol for inducing expectancy effects on pain. The effect of the VEx regardless of treatment may be due to interactions of attention allocation and locus of control. This points to the diversity of expectancy mechanisms, and has implications for research and computer-based treatment applications.
Effect of silver nanoparticles and Bacillus cereus LPR2 on the growth of Zea mays
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Pahal Vikas , Gupta Arti , Vadhan Ruchi , Chandra Harish , Dubey Ramesh Chandra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Bacillussp.) and silver nanoparticles onZea mayswas evaluated. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized fromTagetes erecta(Marigold) leaf and flower extracts, whereas PGPR isolated from spinach rhizosphere. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were purified using ultra centrifugation and were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy at gradient wavelength and also by High Resolution Transmission Electron microscopy (HRTEM). The average particles size of AgNPs was recorded approximately 60 nm. Almost all potential isolates were able to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), ammonia and Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), solubilized tricalcium phosphate and inhibited the growth ofMacrophomina phaseolinain vitro but the isolate LPR2 was found the best among all. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolate LPR2 was characterized asBacillus cereusLPR2. The maize seeds bacterized with LPR2 and AgNPs individually showed a significant increase in germination (87.5%) followed by LPR2 + AgNPs (75%). But the maximum growth of root and shoot of maize plant was observed in seeds coated with LPR2 followed by AgNPs and a combination of both.Bacillus cereusLPR2 and silver nanoparticles enhanced the plant growth and LPR2 strongly inhibited the growth of deleterious fungal pathogen. Therefore, LPR2 and AgNPs could be utilized as bioinoculant and growth stimulator, respectively for maize.
Virtual screening of anti-HIV1 compounds against SARS-CoV-2: machine learning modeling, chemoinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation based analysis
Authors: Nand Mahesha , Maiti Priyanka , Joshi Tushar , Chandra Subhash , Pande Veena , Kuniyal Jagdish Chandra , Ramakrishnan Muthannan Andavar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCOVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is a current global challenge and urgent discovery of potential drugs to combat this pandemic is a need of the hour. 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) enzyme is the vital molecular target against the SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, in the present study, 1528 anti-HIV1compounds were screened by sequence alignment between 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 and avian infectious bronchitis virus (avian coronavirus) followed by machine learning predictive model, drug-likeness screening and molecular docking, which resulted in 41 screened compounds. These 41 compounds were re-screened by deep learning model constructed considering the IC50 values of known inhibitors which resulted in 22 hit compounds. Further, screening was done by structural activity relationship mapping which resulted in two structural clefts. Thereafter, functional group analysis was also done, where cluster 2 showed the presence of several essential functional groups having pharmacological importance. In the final stage, Cluster 2 compounds were re-docked with four different PDB structures of 3CLpro, and their depth interaction profile was analyzed followed by molecular dynamics simulation at 100 ns. Conclusively, 2 out of 1528 compounds were screened as potential hits against 3CLpro which could be further treated as an excellent drug against SARS-CoV-2.
Clinical impact of EZH2 and its antagonist SMARCA4 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Leitner Katharina , Tsibulak Irina , Wieser Verena , Knoll Katharina , Reimer Daniel , Marth Christian , Fiegl Heidi , Zeimet Alain G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSMARCA4 and EZH2 are two functional key players of their respective antagonizing chromatin remodeling complexes SWI/SNF and PRC2. EZH2 inhibitory drugs may abrogate pro-oncogenic features of PRC2 and turn the balance to cell differentiation via SWI/SNF activity in cancers. SMARCA4 and EZH2 expression was assessed by RT-PCR in 238 epithelial ovarian cancers (OCs) and put in relation to clinico-pathological parameters and patients’ outcome. Optimal thresholds for high and low expression of both variables were calculated by the Youden’s index based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. High SMARCA4 mRNA expression was independently associated with favorable progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.03) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.018). As Youden’s threshold determination for EZH2 yielded a S-shaped ROC-curve, two cut-off points (29th and 94th percentile) predicting opposite features were defined. Whereas EZH2 mRNA levels beyond the 29th percentile independently predicted poor PFS (P = 0.034), Cox-regression in EZH2 transcripts above the 94th percentile revealed a conversion from unfavorable to favorable PFS and OS (P = 0.009 and P = 0.032, respectively). High SMARCA4 expression associates with improved survival, whereas moderate/high EZH2 expression predicts poor outcome, which converts to favorable survival in ultra-high expressing OCs. This small OC subgroup could be characterized by REV7-abrogated platinum hypersensitivity but concomitant PARP-inhibitor resistance.
The 1995-2018 global evolution of the network of amicable and hostile relations among nation-states
Authors: Askarisichani Omid , Singh Ambuj K. , Bullo Francesco , Friedkin Noah E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThere has been longstanding interest in the evolution of positive and negative relationships among countries. An interdisciplinary field of study, Structural Balance Theory, has developed on the dynamics of such appraisal systems. However, the advancement of research in the field has been impeded by the lack of longitudinal empirical data on large-scale networks. We construct the networks of international amicable and hostile relations occurring in specific time-periods in order to study the global evolution of the network of such international appraisals. Here we present an empirical evidence on the alignment of Structural Balance Theory with the evolution of the structure of this network, and a model of the probabilistic micro-dynamics of the alterations of international appraisals during the period 1995-2018. Also remarkably, we find that the trajectory of the Frobenius norm of sequential transition probabilities, which govern the evolution of international appraisals among nations, dramatically stabilizes.
A 23-gene prognostic classifier for prediction of recurrence and survival for Asian breast cancer patients
Authors: Chen Ting-Hao , Chiu Jian-Ying , Shih Kuan-Hui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We report a 23- gene-classifier profiled from Asian women, with the primary purpose of assessing its clinical utility towards improved risk stratification for relapse for breast cancer patients from Asian cohorts within 10 years’ following mastectomy. Four hundred and twenty-two breast cancer patients underwent mastectomy and were used to train the classifier on a logistic regression model. A subset of 197 patients were chosen to be entered into the follow-up studies post mastectomy who were examined to determine the patterns of recurrence and survival analysis based on gene expression of the gene classifier, age at diagnosis, tumor stage and lymph node status, over a 5 and 10 years follow-up period. Metastasis to lymph node (N2-N3) with N0 as the reference (N2 vs. N0 hazard ratio: 2.02 (1.05–8.70), N3 vs. N0 hazard ratio: 4.32 (1.41–13.22) for 5 years) and gene expression of the 23-gene panel (P=0.06, 5 years and 0.02, 10 years, log-rank test) were found to have significant discriminatory effects on the risk of relapse (HR (95%CI):2.50 (0.95–6.50)). Furthermore, survival curves for subgroup analysis with N0-N1 and T1-T2 predicted patients with higher risk scores. The study provides robust evidence of the effectiveness of the 23-gene-classifier and could be used to determine the risk of relapse event (locoregional and distant recurrence) in Asian patients, leading to a meaningful reduction in chemotherapy recommendations.
Spritzenphobie bei Diabetes
Authors: Maier Berthold 
Published: November 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDiabetespatienten mit Spritzenphobien beschreiben im Vorfeld und während des Spritzvorgangs bzw. beim Kathetersetzen panikartige Angstzustände, häufig mit Ohnmacht. In der Folge vermeiden Betroffene das Insulinspritzen, wann immer möglich. Die klinische Relevanz der eher seltenen und vorwiegend bei Kindern vorkommenden Angststörung ergibt sich aus der stark erschwerten Umsetzung der Insulintherapie mit dem Ziel des Erreichens normnaher Glukosewerte. Bei der Therapie hat sich die Methode der graduierten Exposition als wirksam erwiesen. Bei Patienten mit Furcht vor Einstichschmerzen helfen anfänglich Entspannungsmethoden, Kontrolle über das Angstgeschehen zu erleben. Bei zurückliegenden Ohnmachtserfahrungen können Patienten diese durch die Methode der „angewandten Anspannung“ kontrollieren. Die Reduktion phobischer Ängste gelingt mittelfristig jedoch nur durch Kontrollerfahrungen ohne Anwendung von Sicherheits- und Vermeidungsverhalten.
Thoracic Surgery during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Experience of a Level 1 Trauma Center
Authors: Smelt Jeremy , Santhirakumaran Gowthanan , Vaughan Paul , Hunt Ian , Tan Carol 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus primarily affecting the respiratory system, was initially diagnosed in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. Identified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization, the virus rapidly became a global pandemic. The effects on health care worldwide were unprecedented as countries adapted services to treat masses of critically ill patients.The aim of this study is to analyze the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic had on thoracic surgery at a major trauma center during peak prevalence.
Methods Prospective unit data were collected for all patients who underwent thoracic surgery during March 2020 until May 2020 inclusive. Retrospective data were collected from an earlier comparable time period as a comparison.
Results In the aforementioned time frame, 117 thoracic surgical operations were performed under the care of four thoracic surgeons. Six operations were performed on three patients who were being treated for SARS-CoV-2. One operation was performed on a patient who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2. There were no deaths due to SARS-CoV-2 in any patient undergoing thoracic surgery.
Conclusion This study demonstrates that during the first surge of SARS-CoV-2, it was possible to adapt a thoracic oncology and trauma service without increase in mortality due to COVID-19. This was only possible due to a significant reduction in trauma referrals, cessation of benign and elective work, and the more stringent reprioritization of cancer surgery. This information is vital to learn from our experience and prepare for the predicted second surge and any similar future pandemics we might face.
Kinematics of the Feline Antebrachiocarpal Joint from Supination to Pronation
Authors: Basa Rachel M. , Parr William C.H. , Tan Christopher J. , Walsh William R. , Johnson Kenneth A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective Cats rely on their forelimb mobility for everyday activities including climbing and grooming. Supination and pronation of the forelimb in cats are considered to primarily involve the antebrachium, rather than the carpus. Therefore, our null hypothesis was that there would be no movement of the carpal bones (radial carpal bone, ulnar carpal bone and accessory carpal bone) relative to the ulna during supination and pronation.
Study Design Eight feline cadaveric forelimbs were rotated from supination to pronation in a jig and computed tomography was performed in the neutral, supinated and pronated positions. The individual carpal bones were segmented from computed tomography images of the supinated and pronated scans in each of the eight specimens. A feline ulna coordinate system was established and used to quantify the translations and rotations between bones of the proximal carpal row and antebrachium.
Results After the carpus was rotated from the initial supinated position into pronation, there was significant translation (x, y and z axes) and rotation (x and y axes) of the proximal row of carpal bones based on absolute magnitude values. Given the differences in translations and rotations of the proximal row of carpal bones, our null hypothesis was rejected.
Conclusion The proximal row of carpal bones translate and rotate independently from the ulna in the cat during pronation of the antebrachium. This may have future implications in the diagnosis and management of feline carpal injuries involving the antebrachiocarpal joint.