bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms by the reverse line blot hybridization assay
Authors: Ma Yonghua , Gou Huitian , Sun Xiaolin , Wang Zexiang , Li Mei , Teng Yuxiao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: As a widespread health pest, flies can carry more than 100 kinds of pathogenic microbes to threat human health, resulting in a wide range of disease infection and transmission. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive, reliable and rapid method for the simultaneous detection of multiple fly-borne bacterial pathogenic microorganisms, in order to effectively prevent and control fly-borne bacterial diseases.Results: PCR-RLB method could directly and accurately detect fly-borne bacteria species corresponding of 7 species-specific probes. At the same time, the membrane binding oligonucleotide species-specific probes prepared in RLB detection technology can be reused for detection of bacteria after washing with 0.5 M EDTA, which greatly improves the detection efficiency. In 106 groups of samples, the numbers of samples carrying seven different bacterial strains were 2 (S. aureus), 52 (S. flexneri), 0 (A. caviae), 3% (V. vulnificus), 56 (S. enterica), 1 (P. vulgaris) and 33 (Y. enterocolitica), respectively. Their proportions of 7 bacterial strains carried by houseflies were 1.23% (S. aureus), 32.1% (S. flexneri), 0% (A. caviae), 1.85% (V. vulnificus), 34.57% (S. enterica), 0.62% (P. vulgaris) and 20.37% (Y. enterocolitica), respectively. It was found that the worse the hygienic condition, the higher the bacteria carrying rate of houseflies was. S. enterica, S. flexneri and Y. enterocolitica accounted for the overwhelming majority of the seven pathogenic strains carried by houseflies from four different environments in Lanzhou. This indicated that houseflies played an important role in the transmission of intestinal diseases, which was mainly related to the breeding and reproduction of houseflies in feces, carrion and food. S. aureus was carried by houseflies in the hospital area indicates that hospitals should do well in killing and controlling flies and further strengthen the prevention and control of fly-borne bacterial diseases. Conclusion: The RLB assay appeared to have potential clinical application in the simultaneous detection of fly-borne bacterial species.
Trends in antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogens isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures in Pakistan (2011-2015): a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Javaid Nida , Sultana Qamar , Rasool Karam , Gandra Sumanth , Ahmad Fayyaz , Chaudhary Safee Ullah , Mirza Shaper 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Only a few studies have presented long-term trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at a nationwide level in Pakistan. This study presents a comprehensive situational analysis of AMR trends among pathogens isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures, between 2011 and 2015, in Pakistan. Methods: A retrospective analysis of AMR data on pathogens isolated from Blood and CSF over a five year period was carried out. Susceptibility data on these pathogens was obtained from Chughtai Laboratory (CL). Then, proportion of the resistant pathogens were calculated and analyzed. Results: Our results show that highest resistance rates against all tested antimicrobials were observed in Acinetobacter species. We observed a steep rise in carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter species from 50 to 95.5% between 2011 and 2015. Our results also highlight the emergence of third and fourth generation cephalosporins resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Pakistan. While we observed a rise in AMR in other major pathogens, we unexpectedly found decreasing resistance trends in Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: Taken together, our results show an overall increase in AMR in pathogens isolated from blood and CSF cultures in Pakistan between 2011 and 2015.
Public knowledge of chronic kidney disease among Ethiopians: a cross sectional study.
Authors: yabeyu abdella birhan , belay yared belete , haile kaleab taye 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : awareness of chronic kidney disease (CKD) includes general knowledge of CKD, its risk factors. Early identification and management of CKD can reduce undesired outcomes related to the disease. However, nearly all CKD conditions were not clinically familiar primarily because of the poor public awareness about the disease. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted. The target population of this study was lay public and health professionals were excluded from the study. Proportional numbers of study participants were included from each sub-city based on their total population size. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Frequencies, table’s percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the response of participants. Independent T test and one way ANOVA statics were used identify factors associated public knowledge of CKD. Results: A total of 350 individuals were approached, 301 of whom completed and returned the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 86%. In this study, the mean (SD) knowledge score of participants was 11.12 (±4.21) with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum of 22. With respect to distribution of CKD knowledge score, half of the respondents score 11 and less. One way ANOVA revealed that educational level had significant effect on knowledge of CKD. Respondents who had a qualification of degree had relatively higher knowledge scores than the other category participants ( P-value = 0.015). Independent t-test was also performed but failed to reveal any association between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge score. Conclusions : The general knowledge level of the Ethiopian population about CKD and its risk factors is low. Currently, non-communicable disease such as diabetes and hypertension becomes public concern those are one of the significant risk factors for CKD. As our study indicated even these groups of populations are not adequately informed regarding their increased risk for developing CKD. Keywords: chronic kidney disease, public knowledge, Ethiopia
Different predictors after stroke depending on functional dependency at discharge: a 5-year follow up study
Authors: Westerlind Emma , Hörsell Daniel , Persson Hanna C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Level of dependency after a stroke is important for long-term outcome in several aspects, but less is known about important predictors for outcome depending on functional dependency. The aim of the current study was to investigate self-perceived outcome and identify possible predictors of strength, participation, and emotional outcome five years after stroke based on functional dependency at discharge from hospital.Methods This observational cohort study included participants living in Gothenburg that were diagnosed with first ever stroke in 2009 and 2010. Baseline data were gathered from medical charts and the outcome was based on the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) questionnaire mailed out five years post-stroke. Logistic regression identified potential predictors of better strength, participation, and emotional outcome.Results A total of 266 participants responded to the SIS. The functionally independent participants at hospital discharge reported significantly better scores in all SIS domains compared to the functionally dependent. For those who were functionally independent, only non-modifiable factors (age, sex, stroke type) were significant predictors of a better outcome. However, for the functionally dependent participants, modifiable factors such as feeling depressed, cardiovascular risk factors, and recurrent stroke were significant predictors of unfavourable outcome.ConclusionsImportant factors for predicting a favourable outcome differed due to the level of functional dependency, and modifiable factors were only present in participants that were functionally dependent at discharge. Prevention, detection, and treatment of modifiable factors give an opportunity to reduce the burden of stroke for those who are most vulnerable.
Assembly of Benzothiazine and Triazole in a Single Molecular Entity: Synthesis of -Oxicam Derived Novel Molecules as Potential Antibacterial/ Anti-cancer Agents
Authors: Neeraja Papigani , Srinivas Suryapeta , Banothu Venkanna , Sridhar B. , Mukkanti Khagga , Dubey Pramod Kumar , Pal Sarbani 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Benzothiazine derivatives, because of their various biological activities have
attracted particular attention in Med Chem and drug discovery efforts. The synthetic modifications of
1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides have been undertaken in order to explore and identify novel compounds
or new analogues possessing promising biological activities. In our effort we have designed -oxicam
derived bezothiazine-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as potential antibacterial agents.

Methods:
These compounds were synthesized via a multi-step sequence involving the Cu catalyzed azide-
alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) as a key step. The CuAAC proceeded at room temperature in DMF
to afford 26 novel molecules in good (70-90%) yields.

Results:
All these compounds were tested for their antibacterial properties against four strains of bacterial
microorganisms and subsequently cytotoxic properties against lung and colon cancer cell lines.
The compound 4e showed activities against majority of the bacterial species used (nearly comparable
to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against P. vulgaris) whereas 4d and 4f showed cytotoxicities
selective towards cancer cells.

Conclusion:
The present bezothiazine-1,2,3-triazole framework represents a new template for the
identification of novel and potent antibacterial/anticancer agents.
Improving Multi-type Gram-negative Bacterial Secreted Protein Prediction via Protein Evolutionary Information and Feature Ranking
Authors: Kong Liang , Zhang Lichao , He Shiqian 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Gram-negative bacteria interact with their environment by secreting a
wide range of particular substrates (such as proteins) across two lipid bilayers from the cytoplasm
to the extracellular space. Determining the types of secreted proteins is beneficial for further
research on secreted proteins and secretion systems.

Objective:
As an essential alternative for experimental methods, an accurate machine learningbased
multi-type Gram-negative bacterial secreted protein prediction method was proposed in this
study.

Methods:
The main contribution is combining auto-cross-correlation analysis and feature ranking
technology to build an effective support vector machine-based multi-type Gram-negative bacterial
secreted protein predictor. The specifically designed auto-cross-correlation descriptor can capture
evolutionary correlation information between amino acid pairs along protein sequence from
position specific scoring matrices. Feature ranking technique was used to analyze and select the
most informative features for building prediction model.

Results:
Several kinds of prediction accuracies obtained by independent dataset test are reported
on two benchmark datasets. Compared with the state-of-the-art prediction methods, the proposed
method improves overall accuracies by 2.91% and 2.25%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our study will provide an important guide to utilize protein evolutionary information
for further research on bacterial secreted proteins.
Betulinic Acid and Brosimine B Hybrid Derivatives as Potential Agents against Female Cancers
Authors: Garcês de Couto Nádia M. , Willig Júlia B. , Ruaro Thaís C. , de Oliveira Diogo Losch , Buffon Andréia , Pilger Diogo A. , Arruda Mara S.P. , Miron Diogo , Zimmer Aline R. , Gnoatto Simone C.B. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Cancer is a multifactorial disease, representing one of the leading causes of death
worldwide. On a global estimate, breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer in women and cervical
cancer, the fourth most common. Both types of cancer remain the major cause of cancer-related mortality in
developing countries. A strategy for rational drug design is hybridization, which aims to bring together in one
molecule, two or more pharmacophores in order to reach several biological targets.

Objective:
The objective of this work was to develop new hybrids based on natural pharmacophores: Betulinic
acid (1) and brosimine b (2), active in female cancer cell lines.

Methods:
The coupling reactions were carried out by Steglich esterification. Different compounds were designed
for the complete and simplified structural hybridization of molecules. The anticancer activities of the
compounds were evaluated in human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human cervical metastatic epidermoid
carcinoma (ME-180), and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines.

Results:
Hybrid 3 presented higher potency (IC50 = 9.2 ± 0.5μM) and SI (43.5) selectively in MCF-7 cells (in
relation to Vero cells) with its cytotoxic effect occurring via apoptosis. In addition, compound 6 showed activity
in MCF-7 and HeLa cells with intermediate potency, but with high efficacy, acting via apoptosis as well.

Conclusion:
In this context, we showed that the combination of two complex structures generated the development
of hybrids with differing inhibitory profiles and apoptotic modes of action, thus representing potential
alternatives in female cancer treatment.
Importance of Photography Education to Improve Image Quality for Accurate Remote Diagnoses in Dental Trauma Patients: Observational Study
Authors: Jeong Jin-Sun , Pang Nan-Sim , Choi Yiseul , Park Kyeong-Mee , Kim Taekbin , Xu Xin , Park Wonse 
Published: January 2020

Background
High-quality photos are critical for the remote diagnosis of dental trauma and thus are beneficial to the prognosis. The quality of the images obtained using a cell phone depends on the level of dental and photography knowledge of the person who is taking the photos.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the efficacy of photography education in improving images used for the remote diagnosis of dental trauma.

Methods
The subjects comprised 30 laypeople and 30 dentists who were randomly assigned to 15 subgroups with 2 subjects in each. Each subject was asked to take photos of their own anterior teeth and those of their partner on the assumption that an accident occurred using both an iPhone 4s and iPhone 6. Education about how to take an appropriate photo of the anterior teeth for teleconsultation purposes was then provided, after which photos were taken again. Photos were assessed by a dentist for their usefulness in diagnosis.

Results
This study analyzed 965 photos: 441 taken by laypeople and 524 taken by dentists. Photos taken after providing education had significantly higher scores for all assessment items than those taken before education (P<.05). The scores were also significantly higher for photos taken using the rear camera than those taken using the front camera (P<.02). The iPhone 6 did not have overwhelming advantages. The photos taken by dentists had significantly higher scores than those taken by laypeople for most of the evaluated items.

Conclusions
Both laypeople and dentists might find photography education useful for when they are taking photos to be used in teleconsultations. The type of cell phone does not significantly affect the usefulness of such photos.
The Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation for People With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fatoye Francis , Gebrye Tadesse , Fatoye Clara , Mbada Chidozie E , Olaoye Mistura I , Odole Adesola C , Dada Olumide 
Published: January 2020

Background
Telerehabilitation can facilitate multidisciplinary management for people with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). It provides health care access to individuals who are physically and economically disadvantaged.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of telerehabilitation compared with a clinic-based intervention for people with NCLBP in Nigeria.

Methods
A cost-utility analysis alongside a randomized controlled trial from a health care perspective was conducted. Patients with NCLBP were assigned to either telerehabilitation-based McKenzie therapy (TBMT) or clinic-based McKenzie therapy (CBMT). Interventions were carried out 3 times weekly for a period of 8 weeks. Patients’ level of disability was measured using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at baseline, week 4, and week 8. To estimate the health-related quality of life of the patients, the ODI was mapped to the short-form six dimensions instrument to generate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Health care resource use and costs were assessed based on the McKenzie extension protocol in Nigeria in 2019. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were also performed to assess the clinical effectiveness of the interventions. Bootstrapping was conducted to generate the point estimate of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

Results
A total of 47 patients (TBMT, n=21 and CBMT, n=26), with a mean age of 47 (SD 11.6) years for telerehabilitation and 50 (SD 10.7) years for the clinic-based intervention, participated in this study. The mean cost estimates of TBMT and CBMT interventions per person were 22,200 naira (US $61.7) and 38,200 naira (US $106), respectively. QALY gained was 0.085 for TBMT and 0.084 for CBMT. The TBMT arm was associated with an additional 0.001 QALY (95% CI 0.001 to 0.002) per participant compared with the CBMT arm. Thus, the ICER showed that the TBMT arm was less costly and more effective than the CBMT arm.

Conclusions
The findings of the study suggested that telerehabilitation for people with NCLBP was cost saving. Given the small number of participants in this study, further examination of effects and costs of the interventions is needed within a larger sample size. In addition, future studies are required to assess the cost-effectiveness of this intervention in the long term from the patient and societal perspective.
Exploring an Innovative Care Model and Telemonitoring for the Management of Patients With Complex Chronic Needs: Qualitative Description Study
Authors: Gordon Kayleigh , Steele Gray Carolyn , Dainty Katie N , DeLacy Jane , Ware Patrick , Seto Emily 
Published: January 2020

Background
The growing number of patients with complex chronic conditions presents an urgent challenge across the Canadian health care system. Current care delivery models are overburdened, struggling to monitor and stabilize the complex needs of this growing patient population.

Objective
This qualitative study aimed to explore the needs and perspectives of patients and members of the care team to inform the development of an innovative integrated model of care and the needs of telemonitoring (TM) for patients with complex chronic conditions. Furthermore, we explored how these needs could be successfully embedded to support this novel model of complex chronic care.

Methods
A qualitative description design was utilized to conduct and analyze 29 semistructured interviews with patients (n=16) and care team members (CTM) (n=13) involved in developing the model of care in an ambulatory care facility in Southern Ontario. Participants were identified through purposive sampling. Two researchers performed an iterative thematic analysis using NVivo 12 (QSR International; Melbourne, Australia) to gain insights from examining multiple perspectives of different participants on complex chronic care needs.

Results
The analysis revealed 3 themes and 13 subthemes, including the following: (1) adequate health care delivery remains challenging for patients with complex care needs, (2) insights into how to structure an integrated care model, and (3) opportunities for TM in an integrated model of care. Participants not only identified continued challenges in accessing and navigating care in a fragmented and disconnected delivery system but also identified the need for more self-management support. Patients and CTM described the structure of an integrated model of care, including the need for a clear referral and triage processes and composing a tight-knit circle of collaborating interdisciplinary providers led by a nurse practitioner (NP). Finally, opportunities for TM in an integrated model of care were identified, including increasing access and communication, the ability to monitor specific signs and symptoms, and building a clinical workflow around TM-enabled care.

Conclusions
Despite entrenched health care service delivery models, a new model of care is acutely needed to care for patients with complex chronic needs (CCN). NPs are in a unique position to lead TM-enabled integrated models of care. TM can facilitate frequent and necessary monitoring of patients with CCN with more than one condition in integrated models of care.
Mobile Health for Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: Scoping Review
Authors: Hussain-Shamsy Neesha , Shah Amika , Vigod Simone N , Zaheer Juveria , Seto Emily 
Published: January 2020

Background
The perinatal period is a vulnerable time during which depression and anxiety commonly occur. If left untreated or undertreated, there may be significant adverse effects; therefore, access to rapid, effective treatment is essential. Treatments for mild-to-moderate symptoms according to a stepped-care approach involve psychoeducation, peer support, and psychological therapy, all of which have been shown to be efficaciously delivered through digital means. Women experience significant barriers to care because of system- and individual-level factors, such as cost, accessibility, and availability of childcare. The use of mobile phones is widespread in this population, and the delivery of mental health services via mobile phones has been suggested as a means of reducing barriers.

Objective
This study aimed to understand the extent, range, and nature of mobile health (mHealth) tools for prevention, screening, and treatment of perinatal depression and anxiety in order to identify gaps and inform opportunities for future work.

Methods
Using a scoping review framework, 4 databases were searched for terms related to mobile phones, perinatal period, and either depression or anxiety. A total of 477 unique records were retrieved, 81 of which were reviewed by full text. Peer-reviewed publications were included if they described the population as women pregnant or up to 1 year postpartum and a tool explicitly delivered via a mobile phone for preventing, screening, or treating depression or anxiety. Studies published in 2007 or earlier, not in English, or as case reports were excluded.

Results
A total of 26 publications describing 22 unique studies were included (77% published after 2017). mHealth apps were slightly more common than texting-based interventions (12/22, 54% vs 10/22, 45%). Most tools were for either depression (12/22, 54%) or anxiety and depression (9/22, 41%); 1 tool was for anxiety only (1/22, 4%). Interventions starting in pregnancy and continuing into the postpartum period were rare (2/22, 9%). Tools were for prevention (10/22, 45%), screening (6/22, 27%), and treatment (6/22, 27%). Interventions delivered included psychoeducation (16/22, 73%), peer support (4/22, 18%), and psychological therapy (4/22, 18%). Cost was measured in 14% (3/22) studies.

Conclusions
Future work in this growing area should incorporate active psychological treatment, address continuity of care across the perinatal period, and consider clinical sustainability to realize the potential of mHealth.