bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Häufigkeit von Fällen von Kindesmisshandlung
– Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Brandenburger Kinder- und
Jugendlichenpsychotherapeuten
Authors: Peters Sybille , Hartwig Sven 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapeuten (KJP) sind eine
wichtige – im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs bisher wenig beachtete
– Berufsgruppe im medizinischen Kinderschutz. Ziel der Untersuchung
ist die Erfassung der Häufigkeit und des Umgangs mit
(Verdachts)Fällen von Kindesmisshandlung in der
psychotherapeutischen Praxis.
Methoden Alle im Bundesland Brandenburg zur
vertragspsychotherapeutischen Versorgung zugelassenen KJP wurden mittels
Fragebogen zur Häufigkeit von Kindesmisshandlungen, differenziert
nach Misshandlungsform und Alter um Auskunft gebeten. Des Weiteren wurden
die Anzahl der Meldungen an eine Behörde, mögliche
Gründe für eine unterlassene Meldung sowie notwendige
Voraussetzungen für sicheres Erkennen, Bewerten und Einleiten
medizinrechtlicher und medizinisch/psychotherapeutischer
Interventionen erfasst.
Ergebnisse 2016 registrierten 74,4% und 2017 87% der
KJP mindestens einen (Verdachts)Fall von Kindesmisshandlung, wobei in beiden
Untersuchungsjahren die Misshandlungsformen emotionale
Vernachlässigung und emotionale Misshandlung am häufigsten
auftraten und die Altersgruppe der 6–13jährigen am meisten
von Kindesmisshandlung betroffen war. 2016 meldeten 34,4% und 2017
35% der KJP, die mindestens einen (Verdachts)Fall sahen,
diese/n an eine Behörde. Der häufigste Grund, der
gegen eine Meldung an eine Behörde sprach, war mit 47,6% der
Wille des Kindes, in der Therapie Besprochenes nicht weiterzugeben. Um
emotionale Vernachlässigungen und emotionale Misshandlungen sicher
diagnostizieren zu können, fehlen für 83,7% der
Befragten eindeutige Kriterien. Als wichtigste Voraussetzungen für
einen effektiven Kinderschutz werden Fortbildungen zu
medizinisch/psychotherapeutischen sowie medizinrechtlichen Themen
(53,3%), eine bessere Zusammenarbeit der beteiligten Professionen
(43,4%) und die Aufnahme des Themas in die Psychotherapieausbildung
(26,7%) benannt.
Schlussfolgerung (Verdachts)Fälle von Kindesmisshandlung
weisen in der ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Praxis eine hohe Relevanz
auf. Aufgrund ihrer intensiven Beziehung zum Patienten kann die Berufsgruppe
der KJP emotionale Vernachlässigungen und emotionale Misshandlungen
besonders gut erkennen. Deren Beitrag für eine Versorgung der von
Misshandlung betroffenen Kinder ist an bestimmte Voraussetzungen wie ein
berufsspezifisches Fortbildungsangebot, die Erarbeitung konkreter
Maßnahmen auf Landkreisebene zur Kooperation mit dem Jugendamt und
an verbindliche Definitionen und Kriterien der einzelnen Misshandlungsformen
gebunden.
Microsurgical reconstruction of the breast: ′The versatile lower abdomen′
Authors: Ramakrishnan Venkat V 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTSince the first reported use of lower abdominal tissue from the lower abdominal skin and fat by Hans Holmstrom in 1979, there have been over 300 publications on this subject. The refinements have been aimed at the limitation of donor morbidity and to allow a predictable success of the transfer. This article analyses the landmarks and highlights the key developments in this area. The more recent development in this area - the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator flap is discussed.
Reliance on double pedicle TRAM flap technique in breast reconstruction based on mammographic evidence
Authors: Yüksel Fuat , Silit Emir , Çeliköz Bahattin 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBreast reconstruction is now a part of the overall treatment of breast cancer. Its main drawback is rather the suspicion to conceal any probable recurrence. Fat necrosis is a particularly important finding because it can be mistaken for a local recurrence. Alternatively, local recurrences may be dismissed as areas of fat necrosis. Fat necrosis is a relatively minor complication of TRAM flap breast reconstruction but one that can induce anxiety, expense, and inconvenience for patients and concerns about tumor recurrence. The techniques selected for reconstruction must carry the least risks for these awful complications.15 breast cancer cases were treated in our center by using Bostwick′s principles. These include double-pedicle technique in cases with one or two risk factors and added vascular delay two weeks prior to this procedure in cases with more risk factors.During the follow up period, neither the patients nor her physicians experienced any nodules in their treatment sites clinically. One case is the only exception that she felt hardness but it softened. Mammographically, no images of fat necrosis were observed in any of the cases.In contrary to other studies reporting no advantages of double pedicle technique to lessen the risk for fat necrosis, we observed fat necrosis only in one of 15 cases. This may be because both sides of the flap are supplied axially and delay procedures are added in high risk patients.
The use of Sanskrit, an ancient language, as a tool to evaluate cleft palate speech problems
Authors: Kalpesh Gajiwala 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTSpeech is a complex process. The evaluation of speech in an individual with cleft palate is difficult, and the existing classification of phonemes is complicated.
Sanskrit, an ancient language, has an arrangement of alphabets that is orderly and scientific and therefore provides a simple means to understand the production of phonemes and memorize them. This article demonstrates the inherent advantage of this arrangement of Sanskrit alphabets to effectively analyze defective cleft palate speech and provides a tool for surgeons to decide a course of action in their routine clinical practice. Improved insight into the speech defect by the surgeon also facilitates better coordination with the speech language pathologist in assessment and treatment of a child with cleft palate.
Fibrinogen Concentrate to Cardiac Surgery Patients with Ongoing Bleeding does not Increase the Risk of Thromboembolic Complications or Death
Authors: Waldén Katarina , Jeppsson Anders , Nasic Salmir , Karlsson Martin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background We investigated whether fibrinogen concentrate administration to bleeding patients is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications and death.
Methods All consecutive patients who underwent first-time cardiac surgery at Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 2009 to 2014 were included. Patients, who had received fibrinogen concentrate, were compared with those who had not received fibrinogen concentrate. The primary endpoint was a composite of thromboembolic complications and death within 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints included the composite and mortality within 30 days and mortality within 1 year after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression models were used to compare the groups. Propensity score (PS)-matched models were used for sensitivity analyses.
Results A total of 5,408 patients were included in the present study, of which 564 (10.4%) received fibrinogen concentrate. The composite endpoint occurred in 3.5% of patients at 30 days and 10.5% at 1 year. There was no significant difference between the groups in the composite endpoint at 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84–1.46, p = 0.45) or in the secondary endpoints, that is, mortality at 1 year (adjusted HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 0.93–2.04, p = 0.11), composite at 30 days (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.64–1.81, p = 0.79) and mortality at 30 days (adjusted OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.51–1.96, p = 0.50). The results of the sensitivity analyses were consistent with those of main analyses.
Conclusion Perioperative administration of fibrinogen concentrate to bleeding cardiac surgery patients is not associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications or death.
The Fibronectin Type II Domain of Factor XII Ensures Zymogen Quiescence
Authors: Clark Chantal C. , Hofman Zonne L. M. , Sanrattana Wariya , den Braven Lyanne , de Maat Steven , Maas Coen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFactor XII (FXII) zymogen activation requires cleavage after arginine 353 located in the activation loop. This cleavage can be executed by activated FXII (autoactivation), plasma kallikrein (PKa), or plasmin. Previous studies proposed that the activation loop of FXII is shielded to regulate FXII activation and subsequent contact activation. In this study, we aimed to elucidate this mechanism by expressing and characterizing seven consecutive N-terminally truncated FXII variants as well as full-length wild-type (WT) FXII. As soon as the fibronectin type II domain is lacking (FXII Δ1–71), FXII cleavage products appear on Western blot. These fragments display spontaneous amidolytic activity, indicating that FXII without the fibronectin type II domain is susceptible to autoactivation. Additionally, truncated FXII Δ1–71 is more easily activated by PKa or plasmin than full-length WT FXII. To exclude a contribution of autoactivation, we expressed active-site incapacitated FXII truncation variants (S544A). FXII S544A Δ1–71 is highly susceptible to cleavage by PKa, indicating exposure of the activation loop. In surface binding experiments, we found that the fibronectin type II domain is non-essential for binding to kaolin or polyphosphate, whereas the following epidermal growth factor-like domain is indispensable. Binding of full-length FXII S544A to kaolin or polyphosphate increases its susceptibility to cleavage by PKa. Moreover, the activation of full-length WT FXII by PKa increases approximately threefold in the presence of kaolin. Deletion of the fibronectin type II domain eliminates this effect. Combined, these findings suggest that the fibronectin type II domain shields the activation loop of FXII, ensuring zymogen quiescence.
Perioperative Management in Patients Using Vitamin K Antagonists: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Burggraaf J. Louise I. , van Rein Nienke , van der Meer Felix J. M. , Lijfering Willem M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The benefit of periprocedural bridging with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients with atrial fibrillation has been contested by the publication of the BRIDGE trial.
Objective This article determines whether publication of the BRIDGE trial has led to less bridging procedures and better patient outcomes (i.e., a composite of thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death) in patients undergoing invasive procedures at the Leiden Anticoagulation Clinic, the Netherlands.
Methods We identified all procedures that required vitamin K antagonist interruption. Procedures were divided in a period before (2014–2016; 22 months) and after the publication of the BRIDGE trial (2016–2017; 22 months). Cumulative incidences 30 days postprocedure and relative risks of thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and mortality were calculated.
Results A total of 4,892 and 4,237 eligible procedures were performed in 2014 to 2016 and 2016 to 2017, respectively. The cumulative incidence of thromboembolism was 0.5% in 2014 to 2016 compared with 0.3% in 2016 to 2017; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–1.21). The cumulative incidence of major bleeding was 1.0% in the 2014 to 2016 period as compared with 1.3% in the 2016 to 2017 period; adjusted OR was 1.27 (95% CI 0.85–1.90). The adjusted OR of the composite endpoint was 1.05 (95% CI 0.74–1.48). The frequency of bridging with LMWH (14.8% in 2014–2016 vs. 16.6% in 2016–2017) as well as mean CHA2DS2-VASc scores of patients receiving bridging did not change after publication of the BRIDGE trial.
Conclusion We showed that despite publication of the BRIDGE trial, the frequency of bridging with LMWH and patient outcomes regarding bleeding complications did not change.
Ethical and legal considerations of artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making in personalized pricing
Authors: Gerlick Joshua A. , Liozu Stephan M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe extent to which pricing executives consider consumer perceptions of deception, fairness, and social justice is positioned within an emerging area of research that triangulates the dynamic between legal constraints, ethical considerations, and algorithmic models to make pricing decisions. This paper builds a conceptual model from an analysis of literature describing how companies couple organizational and technology factors into the price-setting process. The legal frameworks of antitrust, data privacy, and antidiscrimination are tethered to the ethical frameworks of deception, fairness, and social justice to form a foundation of relevant organizational factors. A qualitative study is proposed to test the validity of the conceptual model. The primary contribution of this paper is to catalyze practitioner discussion and spur empirical research into the implications of personalized pricing using algorithmic models.
Productivity and bioactivity of enokipodins A–D of Flammulina rossica and Flammulina velutipes
Authors: Tabuchi Akiko , Fukushima-Sakuno Emi , Osaki-Oka Kumiko , Futamura Yushi , Motoyama Takayuki , Osada Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Noemia Kazue , Nagasawa Eiji , Tokimoto Keisuke 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Enokipodins are antimicrobial sesquiterpenes produced by Flammulina velutipes in a mycelial culture medium. To date, enokipodin production has not been reported in other members of the genus Flammulina. Hence, in this study, the production of enokipodins A, B, C, and D by F. velutipes and F. rossica was investigated. Some strains of F. rossica were confirmed to produce at least one of the four enokipodins in the culture medium. However, some strains of F. velutipes did not produce any of the enokipodins. In an antibacterial assay using liquid medium, enokipodin B showed the strongest growth inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis among the four types of enokipodins. Enokipodin B inhibited the spore germination of some plant pathogenic fungi. Enokipodins B and D exerted moderate anti-proliferative activity against some cancer cell lines, and enokipodins A and C inhibited the proliferation of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum.
Investigation of the effects of indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, on the intracellular oxidation level and phagocytic activity using an HL-60-differentiated human macrophage cell model
Authors: Tsutsumi Shuhei , Tokunaga Yuki , Shimizu Shunsuke , Kinoshita Hideki , Ono Masateru , Kurogi Katsuhisa , Sakakibara Yoichi , Suiko Masahito , Liu Ming-Cheh , Yasuda Shin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin, is a sulfate-conjugated metabolite originated from tryptophan. Accumulating uremic toxins may worsen renal diseases and further complicate related disorders including impaired immune functions under oxidative stress conditions. However, it has remained unclear whether or not IS can directly cause the cellular immune dysfunction. We investigated the effects of IS on the intracellular oxidation level and phagocytic activity in a HL-60-differantiated human macrophage cell model. Incubation of the cells in the presence of IS resulted in increasing intracellular oxidation level and decreasing phagocytic activity. In addition to inhibitors for NADH oxidase (NOX), organic anion transporting polypeptide2B1 (OATP2B1), protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), a representative antioxidant Trolox, was also shown to significantly relieve the IS-induced oxidation and restore weakened phagocytosis. Collectively, IS may directly down-regulate the phagocytic immune function of macrophages through the oxidation mechanisms including OATP2B1, PKC, PI3K, and NOX pathways.

Abbreviations
CKD: Chronic kidney disease; IS: Indoxyl sulfate; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; NOX: NADH oxidase; OATP2B1: Organic anion transporting polypeptide2B1; PKC: Protein kinase C; PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase; 2-APT: 2-acetylphenothiazine
Evaluating the influence of differences in methodological approach on metabolic thresholds and fat oxidation points relationship
Authors: Nikolovski Zoran , Barbaresi Silvia , Cable Tim , Peric Ratko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to determine the exercise intensities eliciting the highest (FATmax) and the lowest (FATmin) fat oxidation rate in male cyclists and to compare these intensities with their individual aerobic (AeT) and anaerobic (AnT) thresholds, respectively. Twenty‐two moderately trained male cyclists performed a 2‐min stage graded exercise test until exhaustion using breath‐by‐breath gas analysis to determine maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). The fat oxidation rate was calculated using a stoichiometric equation, with metabolic thresholds being determined by ventilatory gas analysis. In the present group of subjects, FATmax was found at a 21.34 ± 3.64 ml·kg−1·min−1 corresponding to 45.05 ± 7.68% VO2max. AeT occurred at an exercise intensity of 22.15 ± 4.84 ml·kg−1·min−1, matching 46.76 ± 10.24% VO2max. AnT and FATmin were located at intensities equivalent to 32.56 ± 5.52 ml·kg−1·min−1 and 32.30 ± 5.35 ml·kg−1·min−1 which corresponded to 68.74 ± 11.65 and 68.19 ± 11.29% VO2max, respectively. The correlation between FATmax and AeT was strong (r = 0.80, p < 0.05). No statistical difference was observed between FATmin and AnT (r = 0.99, p < 0.05). The strong relationship between observed indices can be used to provide a more tailored exercise approach.
Channel integrated optoelectronic tweezer chip for microfluidic particle manipulation
Authors: Witte Christian , Reboud Julien , Cooper Jonathan M , Neale Steven L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Light patterned electrical fields have been widely used for the manipulation of microparticles, from cells to microscopic electronic components. In this work, we explore a novel electromechanical phenomenon for particle focusing and sorting where the electrical field patterns are shaped by a combination of the light patterned photoconductor and the channel geometry. This effect results from the combination of particle polarisation described by the Clausius–Mossotti relation and the engineering of large electric gradients produced by choosing the channels height to suit the size of the particles being manipulated. The matched geometry increases the distortion of the field created by a combination of the illuminated photoconductor and the particles themselves and hence the non-uniformity of the field they experience. We demonstrate a new channel integration strategy which allows the creation of precisely defined channel structures in the OET device. By defining channels in photoresist sandwiched between upper and lower ITO coated glass substrates we produce robust channels of well controlled height tailored to the particle. Uniquely, the top substrate is attached before photolithographically defining the channels. We demonstrate versatile control using this effect with dynamically reconfigurable light patterns allowing the retention against flow, focusing and sorting of micro particles within the channels. Contrary to traditional designs, this channel integrated device allows patterned micro channels to be used in conjunction with conductive top and bottom electrodes producing optimal conditions for the dielectrophoretic manipulation as demonstrated by the rapid flow (up to 5 mm s−1) in which the particles can be focused.
fNIRS-GANs: data augmentation using generative adversarial networks for classifying motor tasks from functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Nagasawa Tomoyuki , Sato Takanori , Nambu Isao , Wada Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is expected to be applied to brain–computer interface (BCI) technologies. Since lengthy fNIRS measurements are uncomfortable for participants, it is difficult to obtain enough data to train classification models; hence, the fNIRS-BCI accuracy decreases. Approach. In this study, to improve the fNIRS-BCI accuracy, we examined an fNIRS data augmentation method using Wasserstein generative adversarial networks (WGANs). Using fNIRS data during hand-grasping tasks, we evaluated whether the proposed data augmentation method could generate artificial fNIRS data and improve the classification performance using support vector machines and simple neural networks. Main results. Trial-averaged temporal profiles of WGAN-generated fNIRS data were similar to those of the measured data except that they contained an extra noise component. By augmenting the generated data to training data, the accuracies for classifying four different task types were improved irrespective of the classifiers. Significance. This result suggests that the artificial fNIRS data generated by the proposed data augmentation method is useful for improving BCI performance.
Simulation of Alfvén eigenmodes destabilized by energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Wang Jialei , Todo Yasushi , Wang Hao , Wang Zheng-Xiong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs) driven by energetic electrons were investigated via hybrid simulations of an MHD fluid interacting with energetic electrons. The investigation focused on AEs with the toroidal number n = 4. Both energetic electrons with centrally peaked beta profile and off-axis peaked profile are considered. For the centrally peaked energetic electron beta profile case, a toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) propagating in the electron diamagnetic drift direction is found. The mode is mainly driven by deeply trapped energetic electrons. It is also found that a few passing energetic electrons spatially localized around rational surfaces can resonate with the mode. For the off-axis peaked energetic electron beta profile case, an AE propagating in the ion diamagnetic drift direction is found when a

q

−
p
r
o
f
i
l
e

with weak magnetic shear is adopted. The destabilized mode is an elliptical-Alfvén-eigenmode-type (EAE-type) mode which has a spatial profile peaking at the rational surface and a frequency close to the second Alfvén frequency gap. It is found that passing energetic electrons and barely trapped energetic electrons are responsible for this EAE-type mode destabilization. The saturation levels are compared for a TAE with the same linear growth rate among energetic electron driven mode and energetic ion driven mode with isotropic and anisotropic velocity space distributions. The saturation level of TAE driven by trapped energetic electrons is comparable to that driven by energetic electrons with isotropic velocity space distribution where the contribution of trapped particles is dominant. It is found that the trapped energetic ion driven TAE has a larger saturation level than the passing energetic ion driven TAE, which indicates the difference in particle trapping by the TAE between trapped and passing energetic ions.
Dislocation dipole in graphene at finite temperatures
Authors: Klyavlina A I , Rysaeva L Kh , Murzaev R T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the present work, the evolution of defect structure of graphene with dislocation dipole of three types in thermal equilibrium is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The presence of defects can considerably reduce the temperature at which graphene remains stable in thermal equilibrium. It is found, that at elevated temperatures, there is a movement of dislocations in a dipole with arm equal to 7 Å, so that a new dipole with the arm 3 Åis formed with the further transformation to the Stone-Wales defect. This reveals that dipole arm is less than annihilation distance for dislocation dipole. Again, the Stone–Wales defect at elevated temperatures disappears as a result of the rotation of the C–C bond. The obtained results will allow describing the dynamics of defects in graphene in thermal equilibrium, which can be helpful to analytically describe dislocation dynamics in graphene.