bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 of APOE gene are association with cerebral infarction but not SNPs rs2306283 and rs4149056 of SLCO1B1 gene in southern Chinese Hakka population
Authors: Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Yu Zhikang , Wu Hailing , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) are involved in regulating lipid metabolism. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of APOE and SLCO1B1 and cerebral infarction (CI) remains unclear. Methods: A total of 938 CI patients and 1,028 control participants were included in the study. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs429358 and rs7412 of the APOE gene and SNPs rs2306283 and rs4149056 of the SLCO1B1 gene were analysed by fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The genotype ɛ3/ɛ3 was the most common APOE genotype, with ɛ3 being the allele with the highest frequency, followed by ɛ4 and ɛ2. Statistically significant differences of genotype ɛ2/ɛ2 ( c 2 =3.866, P =0.049), ɛ2/ɛ3 (c 2 =20.030, P <0.001), ɛ3/ɛ4 (c 2 =16.960, P <0.001), and ɛ4/ɛ4 (c 2 =4.786, P =0.029) between CI patients and controls were detected. The SLCO1B1 genotype *1b/*1b and haplotype *1b showed the highest frequency in the study sample. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequencies of SLCO1B1 genotypes and haplotypes among CI patients comparing with controls. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) and lower apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1)/Apo-B levels than ε2 and ε3 carriers, but ε2 carriers showed lower LDL-C and Apo-B and higher Apo-A1/Apo-B than ε3 and ε4 carriers. Further, logistic regression analysis revealed that high LDL-C, high ApoB, smoking, hypertension and the ε4 allele were risks for the presence of CI. Conclusions: This study indicated that the APOE SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 may be associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in southern Chinese Hakka population.
Dose Response of a Novel Exogenous Ketone Supplement on Physiological, Perceptual and Performance Parameters
Authors: Prins Philip J. , D’Agostino Dominic P. , Rogers Christopher Q. , Ault Dana L. , Welton Gary L. , Jones Dalton W. , Henson Samuel R. , Rothfuss Tyler J. , Aiken Kylie G. , Hose Jantzen L. , England Emilia L. , Atwell Adam D. , Buxton Jeffrey D. , Koutnik Andrew P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Interest into the health, disease, and performance impact of exogenous ketone bodies has rapidly expanded due to their multifaceted physiological and signaling properties but limiting our understanding is the isolated analyses of individual types and dose/dosing protocols. Methods: Thirteen recreational male distance runners (24.8±9.6y, 72.5±8.3kg, VO2max 60.1±5.4ml/kg/min) participated in this randomized, double-blind, crossover design study. The first two sessions consisted of a 5-km running time trial (TT) familiarization and a VO2max test. During subsequent trials, subjects were randomly assigned to one (KS1:22.1g) or two (KS2:44.2g) doses of beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) and medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) or flavor matched placebo (PLA). Blood R-βHB, glucose, and lactate concentrations were measured at baseline (0-min), post-supplement (30 & 60mins), post-exercise (+0min, +15mins). Time, heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), affect, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and ventilation (VE) were measured during exercise. Cognitive performance was evaluated prior to and post-exercise. Results: KS significantly increased R-βHB, with more potent and prolonged elevations in KS2, illustrating an administrative and dosing effect. R-βHB was significantly decreased in KS1 compared to KS2 illustrating a dosing and exercise interaction effect. Blood glucose elevated post-exercise but was unchanged across groups. Blood lactate significantly increased post-exercise but was augmented by KS administration. Gaseous exchange, respiration, HR , affect, RPE, and exercise performance was unaltered with KS administration. However, clear responders and none-responders were indicated. KS2 significantly augmented cognitive function in pre-exercise conditions, while exercise increased cognitive performance for KS1 and PLA to pre-exercise KS2 levels. Conclusion: Novel βHB+MCT formulation had a dosing effect on R-βHB and cognitive performance, an administrative response on blood lactate, while not influencing gaseous exchange, respiration, HR, affect, RPE, and exercise performance.
Prospects on the nano-plastic particles internalization and induction of cellular response in human keratinocytes
Authors: Gopinath Ponnusamy Manogaran , Twayana Krishna Sundar , Ravanan Palaniyandi , Thomas John , Mukherjee Amitava , N Chandrasekaran 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Today cosmetic usage becomes customary in both sexes to improve their appearance and increase societal visibility. In this study, we have isolated nano-sized plastic particles ranging between 30 to 300 nm from the commercial face-scrubs and investigated its effects on keratinocytes. Results: Initially, nano-plastics adsorbed protein molecules and formed protein corona, thereby mimicked as protein aggregates, which then triggered the macropinocytosis activity. As a result, corrosion and degradation of plastic particles were observed. Concurrently, nano-plastics concentration-dependent cytotoxic, cytostatic, and cytoprotective activities were found in the keratinocytes. Additionally, a single dose of nano-plastics exposure for 48hrs resulted in the ROS mediated down-regulation of cell growth and proliferation inhibition followed by autophagy, finally, premature aging in HaCaT cells in 24 and 72 hrs of post-internalization, respectively. Conclusion: At the outset, this work provides insights into the nano-plastics concentration-dependent regulatory, cytoprotective, and cytotoxic effects in HaCaT cells. Further studies required to identify the detailed mechanisms of NPs toxicity on cells and the cytoprotective effect in cells at the molecular level.
A Systematically Collated Library of Prescribing Safety Indicators for People With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Smith Fiona , Hayward Samantha , Hole Barnaby , Kimpton George , Sluman Christine , Whiting Penny , Caskey Fergus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPeople with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high levels of co-morbidity and polypharmacy placing them at increased risk of prescribing-related harm. Tools for assessing prescribing safety in the general population using prescribing safety indicators (PSIs) have been established. However, people with CKD pose different prescribing challenges to people without kidney disease. Therefore, PSIs designed for use in the general population may not include all PSIs relevant to a CKD population. The aim of this study was to systematically collate a library of PSIs relevant to people with CKD. MethodsA systematic literature search identified papers reporting PSIs. CKD-specific PSIs were extracted and categorised by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes. Duplicate PSIs were removed to create a final list of CKD-specific PSIs. Results 9,852 papers were identified by the systematic literature search, of which 511 proceeded to full text screening and 196 papers were identified as reporting PSIs. Following categorisation by ATC code and duplicate removal, 841 unique PSIs formed the final set of CKD-specific PSIs. The five ATC drug classes containing the largest proportion of CKD-specific PSIs were: Cardiovascular system (26%); Nervous system (13.4%); Blood and blood forming organs (12.4%); Alimentary and metabolism (12%); and Anti-infectives for systemic use (11.3%).Conclusion CKD-specific PSIs could be used alone or alongside general PSIs to assess the safety and quality of prescribing within a CKD population.
Effect of Climate on Time Changes in the Spectrum of Urinary Stone Composition
Authors: Trinchieri Alberto , Maletta Alessandro , Simonelli Giovanni , Boeri Luca , De Lorenzis Elisa , Montanari Emanuele 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: An increase of the frequency of uric acid urinary stones compared to calcium-containing ones has been recently described. This study was aimed at assessing the frequency of different types of urinary stones in the population of northern Italy in the period 2016-18 compared to 2001-2003.Methods: Analyses by infrared spectroscopy of 1007 stones endoscopically removed at two institutions in the area of Milan (Northern Italy) were retrospectively considered. Stones were classified as calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD), mixed uric acid/calcium oxalate (UC); uric acid (UA), struvite (ST); apatite (CAP); mixed calcium oxalate / apatite (CAPOX); others. The patients were divided into two groups: 2001-2003 and 2016-2018. The average temperature values of the region over the two time periods were obtained by the national statistical institute.Results: The average age of the 2001-2003 group (45.8+/-15.4 years) was significantly lower than the average age of the 2016-18 group (57.9+/-14.8) (0.000). M / F ratio was similar in the two groups: 119 / 69 (1:0.58) in 2001-2003 and 527 / 292 (1:0.55) in 2016-18 (p = 0.862). COM stones tended to more frequent in 2016-18 group than in 2001-03. COD stones were significantly more frequent in 2001-03 than in 2016-18. ST stone frequency was increased from 2001-03 to 2016-18. No increase of uric acid containing stones was observed in 2016-18. Results were confirmed after adjustment by age. Averages annual regional temperatures increased from 14° C to 15.4° C during the two observation periods.Conclusions: No increase of UA stones was observed, probably due to the limited impact of the global warming in our temperate climate.
Maternal Health Care Seeking Behavior of Peri-Urban Women With Disability in Busiro South, Wakiso District, Uganda: a Community Based Study
Authors: Natukunda Bonny , Musoke David , Kiconco Arthur , Mugambe Samuel , Atuhairwe Christine , Taremwa Ivan Mugisha , Nanyingi Miisa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: In Uganda women with disabilities attend antenatal care (ANC) while pregnant, however, majority of these deliver from the hands of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) due to due to fear of being mistreated by skilled birth attendants. We explored the determinants of the maternal health seeking behavior of women with disability in Busiro health sub district (HSD), Wakiso district, Uganda.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study involving quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection was conducted among 182 participants. Quantitative data were collected from disabled women, and qualitative data from six key informants (midwives and in-charges) at selected health facilities in Busiro HSD, Wakiso district. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors influencing the decision to seek maternal health care services (ANC and delivery at health facilities) among women with disability. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis.Results: The findings revealed that 82.3% of women with disability attended ANC during pregnancy, and of these, 80.8% delivered their babies at health facilities. Attendance of ANC by the women with disability was influenced by parity (having 1-3 children) (AOR 7.7; 95% CI: 0.249-239.040), mode of delivery-normal delivery verses caesarian section (AOR 2.6, 95%CI: 0.296-22921), place visited during pregnancy TBA visa vie public health facilities (AOR 4.5, 95%CI: 0.922-22.576), and distance to the health facility being less than 5 Kilometres (AOR 2.3 95% CI: 0.695-7.661). Conclusion: There is need to intensify awareness of the use of skilled health workers during pregnancy and child birth to women with disability in the communities so as to improve uptake of maternal health care services.
Establishment of a Pediatric COVID-19 Biorepository: Unique Considerations and Opportunities for Studying the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children
Authors: Lima Rosiane , Gootkind Elizabeth , Flor Denis De La , Yockey Laura , Bordt Evan , D'Avino Paolo , Ning Shen , Heath Katerina , Harding Katherine , Zois Jaclyn , Park Grace , Hardcastle Margot , Grinke Kathleen A. , Grimmel Sheila , Forde Pamela J. , Davidson Susan P. , Hall Kathryn E. , Neilan Anne , Matute Juan D. , Lerou Paul H. , Fasano Alessio , Shui Jessica E. , Edlow Andrea G. , Yonker Lael M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19, the disease caused by the highly infectious and transmissible coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has quickly become a morbid global pandemic. Although the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is less clinically apparent, collecting high-quality biospecimens from infants, children and adolescents in a standardized manner during the COVID-19 pandemic is essential to establish a biologic understanding of the disease in the pediatric population. This biorepository enables pediatric centers world-wide to collect samples in a standardized manner to drive forward our understanding of COVID-19 by addressing specific pediatric and neonatal COVID-19-related questions. Methods: A broad study was implemented with strategic enrollment guidelines to include patients seen in urgent care clinics and hospital settings, neonates born to SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers, and asymptomatic children. The methodology described here, details the importance of establishing collaborations between the clinical and research teams to harmonize protocols for patient recruitment and sample collection, processing and storage. Results: Considerations and challenges facing enrollment of neonatal and pediatric cohorts are described. A roadmap is laid out for successful collection, processing, storage and database management of multiple pediatric samples such as blood, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, sputum, saliva, tracheal aspirates, stool, and urine. Using this methodology, we enrolled 327 participants, who provided a total of 972 biospecimens.Conclusions: Pediatric biospecimens will be key in answering questions relating to viral transmission by children, differences between pediatric and adult viral susceptibility, and, immune responses, the impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal development, and factors driving the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. The specimens in this biorepository will allow necessary comparative studies between children and adults, help determine the accuracy of current pediatric viral testing techniques, in addition to, understanding neonatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease abnormalities. The successful establishment of a pediatric biorepository is critical to provide insight into disease pathogenesis, and subsequently, develop future treatment and vaccination strategies.
Significant improvement of sperm motility parameters through surface modification with Nano Diamond particles
Authors: Lesani Ali , Kazemnejad Somaieh , Mousavi Hengameh , Sarbandi Iman Ramazani , Zand Mahdi Moghimi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The employment of Nanotechnology as a valuable tool could be beneficial to patients and also offer new alternatives for Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Surface modification by nanoparticles leads to the alteration of surface characteristics (e.g. roughness, elasticity, and surface charge). These alterations affect sperm behavior especially its motility since sperms exhibit wall following behavior and surface accumulation. Moreover, surface modification is an attempt towards mimicking the complex in vivo environment of the female tract (highly folded and ciliated) with continually changing surface topology and also its functions. In this paper, we present the results of investigating the interactions between sperm cells and surface modified substrates using Nano diamond particles. A combinational and low-cost method was used for modification. The results show that the sperm motility parameters are significantly improved from 5 to 85%. Also, the results indicate that in optimized surface modification condition, the sperms swim faster and straighter and the surface facilitates the swimming due to the inherent characteristics of ND particles.
Taken together, the replacement of normal with modified surfaces in fertility-aid microfluidic devices can enhance their efficiency and further improve their outcomes.
Bronchoscopist's Perception of the Quality of the Single-use Fiberoptic Bronchoscope (Ambu Ascope4 ™) in Conventional Bronchoscopies. A Multicenter Study in 21 Spanish Pulmonology Services.
Authors: Aldeyturriaga Javier Flandes , Giraldo Luis , Alfayate Javier , Fernández-Navamuel Iker , Agustí Carlos , Lucena Carmen M. , Rosell Antoni , Andreo Felipe , Centeno Carmen , Montero Carmen , Garcia Iria Vidal , Alfonso Lucia García , Bango Antonio , Ariza Miguel , Dominguez Rocio Gallego , Caamaño Marta Orta , Bello Salvador , Mincholé Elisa , Torrego Alfons , Pajares Virginia , González Hector , Pérez Aurelio Luis Wangüemert , Pérez-Izquierdo Julio , Disdier Carlos , Sanchez Blanca de Vega , Cordovilla Rosa , Cascón Juan , Cruz Antonio , García-López J. Javier , Puente Luis , Benedetti Paola , García-Gallo Cristina L. , Nuevo Gema Díaz , Aguado Silvia , Partida Concepcion , Díaz-Agero Prudencio , Crespo Estefania Luque , Masa Maria Pavón , Paez Francisco , Cases Enrique , Martinez Raquel , Briones Andres , Fernandez Cleofe , Serrano Concepcion Martin , Uribe-Hernandez Ana Maria , Robles Jose 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:The disposable bronchoscope is an excellent alternative to face the problem of SARS-CoV-2 and other cross infections, but the bronchoscopist's perception of its quality has not been evaluated. Methods: To evaluate the quality of the Ambu-aScope4 disposable bronchoscope, we carried out a cross-sectional study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. We use a standardized questionnaire completed by the bronchoscopists at the end of each bronchoscopy. The variables were described with absolute and relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion depending on their nature. The existence of learning curves was evaluated by CUSUM analysis.Results:The most frequent indications in 300 included bronchoscopies was bronchial aspiration in 69.3% and the median duration of these was 9.1 minutes. The route of entry was nasal in 47.2% and oral in 34.1%. The average score for ease of use, image, and aspiration quality was 80/100. All the planned techniques were performed in 94.9% and the bronchoscopist was satisfied in 96.6% of the bronchoscopies. They highlighted the portability and immediacy of the aScope4TM to start the procedure in 99.3%, the possibility of taking and storing images in 99.3%. The CUSUM analysis showed average scores> 70/100 from the first procedure and from the 9th procedure more than 80% of the scores exceeded the 80/100 score.Conclusions:The aScope4 ™ scored well for ease of use, imaging, and aspiration. We found a learning curve with excellent scores from the 9th procedure. Bronchoscopists highlighted its portability, immediacy of use and the possibility of taking and storing images.
Prevalence of depression, anxiety, delirium, and post-traumatic stress disorder among COVID-19 patients: protocol for a living systematic review
Authors: Shi Jiyuan , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Liang , Yan Meili , Niu MingMing , Chen Yamin , Song Ziwei , Ya Gao , Tian Jinhui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Previous studies on the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the patients has been limited by the lack of relevant data. With the rapid and sustained growth of the publications on COVID-19 research, we will perform a living systematic review (LSR) to provide comprehensive and continuously updated data to explore the prevalence of depression, anxiety, delirium, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among COVID-19 patients.Methods We will perform a comprehensive search of the following databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Chinese Biomedicine Literature to identify relevant studies. We will utilize different tools to examine the bias risks (quality) regarding studies of varying design types, such as the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2) for randomized controlled trials (RCT), the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort and case-control studies, etc. The literature searches would be updated every month. We will perform meta-analysis if any new eligible studies or data are obtained and resubmit an updated systematic review if any change in outcomes and heterogeneity is determined after the addition of the new studies. There will be no restrictions on language or year of publication.Discussion This LSR would provide an in-depth and up-to-date summary of the psychological impact of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment on the patients. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42020196610
Factors Shaping Uptake of Antenatal Care in Surabaya, Indonesia: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Jones Lisa , Damayanti Nyoman Anita , Wiseman Nicola , Harris Neil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Antenatal Care (ANC) is a central plank in reducing maternal mortality in low and middle income countries. ANC provides pivotal education to all individuals involved and can be utilised as a preventative tool in avoiding complications during childbirth. Within Indonesia, the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) remains unacceptably high in comparison to high income country counterparts, with an ANC coverage of 77% for a minimum of 4 visits. Few studies within Indonesia have explored the experiences of pregnant women accessing ANC and the impact this has on uptake of ANC services.Methods:  Five focus group discussions (FGDs) with pregnant women were conducted at community health facilities within the city and urban areas of Surabaya, Indonesia, along with five semi-structured interviews with midwives employed at these health facilities. Results: Findings suggest individual circumstances, social and cultural dynamics and community and health care conditions shaping the uptake of ANC services. Fears of negative diagnosis prior to initial ANC appointment, personal beliefs and myths surrounding pregnancy, influence of husbands, family and friends and long waiting times with overcrowding leading to limited seating were shaping timely access and achieving 4 ANC visits. In addition, feeling comfortable with the quality of the service and receiving a friendly service from the practitioners was a theme across all FGDs. Finally, it was acknowledged feeling afraid of being referred to a hospital if deemed a high-risk pregnancy shaped return ANC visits. Conclusions:  Efforts to decrease maternal and infant mortality rates in Surabaya have largely centred on increasing ANC coverage. The findings of this study highlight several factors shaping the uptake of ANC services by mothers. However, with ANC coverage (minimum 4 visits) now at 77% of the population, findings suggest that future research should be directed towards the standard of quality of ANC services being delivered.