bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain Management Experiences Among Hospitalized Postcraniotomy Brain Tumor Patients
Authors: Foust Winton Rebecca E. , Draucker Claire B. , Von Ah Diane 
Published: July 2020

Background
Brain tumors account for the majority of central nervous system tumors, and most are removed by craniotomies. Many postcraniotomy patients experience moderate or severe pain after surgery, but patient perspectives on their experiences with pain management in the hospital have not been well described.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe how patients who have undergone a craniotomy for brain tumor removal experience pain management while hospitalized.

Methods
Qualitative descriptive methods using semistructured interviews were conducted with patients on a neurological step-down unit in an urban teaching hospital in the Midwest United States. Interviews focused on how patients experienced postcraniotomy pain and how it was managed. Narratives were analyzed with standard content analytic procedures.

Results
Twenty-seven participants (median age, 58.5 years; interquartile range, 26–41 years; range, 21–83 years) were interviewed. The majority were white (n = 25) and female (n = 15) and had an anterior craniotomy (n = 25) with sedation (n = 17). Their pain experiences varied on 2 dimensions: salience of pain during recovery and complexity of pain management. Based on these dimensions, 3 distinct types of pain management experiences were identified: (1) pain-as-nonsalient, routine pain management experience; (2) pain-as-salient, routine pain management experience; and (3) pain-as-salient, complex pain management experience.

Conclusions
Many postcraniotomy patients experience their pain as tolerable and/or pain management as satisfying and effective; others experience pain and pain management as challenging.

Implications for Practice
Clinicians should be attuned to needs of patients with complex pain management experiences and should incorporate good patient/clinician communication.
What Variables Contribute to the Achievement of a Preferred Home Death for Cancer Patients in Receipt of Home-Based Palliative Care in Canada?
Authors: Cai Jiaoli , Zhang Li , Guerriere Denise , Fan Hongli , Coyte Peter C. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Home is often deemed to be the preferred place of death for most patients. Knowing the factors related to the actualization of a preferred home death may yield evidence to enhance the organization and delivery of healthcare services.

Objective
The objectives of this study were to measure the congruence between a preferred and actualized home death among cancer patients in receipt of home-based palliative care in Canada and explore predictors of actualizing a preferred home death.

Methods
A longitudinal prospective cohort design was conducted. A total of 290 caregivers were interviewed biweekly over the course of patients’ palliative care trajectory between July 2010 and August 2012. Cross-tabulations and multivariate analyses were used in the analysis.

Results
Home was the most preferred place of death, and 68% of patients who had voiced a preference for home death had their wish fulfilled. Care context variables, such as living with others and the intensity of home-based nursing visits and hours of care provided by personal support workers (PSW), contributed to actualizing a preferred home death. The intensity of emergency department visits was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving a preferred home death.

Conclusions
Higher intensity of home-based nursing visits and hours of PSW care contribute to the actualization of a preferred home death.

Implications for Practice
This study has implications for policy decision-makers and healthcare managers. Improving and expanding the provision of home-based PSW and nursing services in palliative home care programs may help patients to actualize a preferred home death.
Knowing What We Do Not Know: Analysis of an Online Consultation Service to Identify Provider Knowledge Gaps in Sexually Transmitted Disease Care
Authors: Plotzker Rosalyn E. , Hauschild Benjamin C. , Kelley Destiny , Blakley Lauren A. , Park Ina U. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The national Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Clinical Consultation Network receives requests regarding complex STD cases. A total of 927 requests from Western states, 2017 to 2019, were analyzed for STD of inquiry and syphilis-specific subtopics. Syphilis requests accounted for most queries, and the number and proportion of syphilis-related requests increased significantly over time.
Evaluating the Image Quality of Monoenergetic Images From Dual-Energy Computed Tomography With Low-Concentration and Low-Flow-Rate Contrast Media for the Arterials Supply to the Nipple-Areola Complex in Breast Cancer Compared With Conventional Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Zeng Xiangfei , Wang Xiaoxia , Chen Huifang , Liu Daihong , Shi Jinfang , Zhang Jing , Li Xiaoqin , Zhang Liyin , Yang Yi , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the image quality of monoenergetic images (MEIs (+)) acquired from dual-energy computed tomography with low-concentration and low-flow-rate contrast media for the arterial supply to the nipple-areola complex (NAC) in breast cancer compared with conventional computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Methods
We enrolled 25 patients (MEI (+)300 group, 300 mg/mL and 2.5 mL/s of contrast media) and 23 patients (CTA370 group, 370 mg/mL and 3.5 mL/s of contrast media) for assessing NAC blood supply angiography. The image quality of the 2 groups was evaluated objectively and subjectively.

Results
The 40 keV MEI (+)300 demonstrated higher attenuation and contrast-to-noise ratio than CTA370 group (P < 0.001). The subjective image quality and visualization of the arteries were comparable between 2 groups.

Conclusions
The 40 keV MEI (+)300 acquired from dual-energy computed tomography can achieve comparable image quality of arterial supply to NAC with low-concentration and low-flow-rate contrast media in breast cancer compared with CTA370.
Guidelines and Recommendations for Patient Management, Surgical Activities, and Safety in the Maxillofacial Unit and Head and Neck Department During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Piombino Pasquale , Sani Lorenzo , Committeri Umberto , Carraturo Emanuele , Foderini Andrea , Romano Antonio , Orabona Giovanni Dell’Aversana , Bonavolontà Paola , Abbate Vincenzo , Califano Luigi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The recent pandemic has led to an unprecedented overload of sanitary systems around the world. Despite that a maxillofacial department is not a frontline specialty in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 infections, our department has found itself faced with numerous problems in keeping the care system active and efficient while ensuring safety for patients and healthcare professionals. Massive redistribution of health personnel was needed to improve prevention and personal safety measures. The education and training system has been kept active, giving residents a decisive role in managing the state of emergency response. This article outlines new guidelines for infection prevention: from clinical control, treatment processes, clinical management, protection, and disinfection of healthcare professionals.
The Evolution of Transplantation From Saving Lives to Fertility Treatment
Authors: Testa Giuliano , McKenna Greg J. , Bayer Johanna , Wall Anji , Fernandez Hoylan , Martinez Eric , Gupta Amar , Ruiz Richard , Onaca Nicholas , Gunby Robert T. , Gregg Anthony R. , Olausson Michael , Koon E. Colin , Johannesson Liza 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
We report the results of the first 20 uterus transplants performed in our institution.

Summary Background Data:
Uterus transplantation (UTx) aims at giving women affected by absolute uterine-factor infertility the possibility of carrying their own pregnancy. UTx has evolved from experimental to an established surgical procedure.

Methods:
The Dallas Uterus Transplant Study (DUETS) program started in 2016. The uterus was transplanted in orthotopic position with vascular anastomoses to the external iliac vessels and removed when 1 or 2 live births were achieved. Immunosuppression lasted only for the duration of the uterus graft.

Results:
Twenty women, median age 29.7 years, enrolled in the study, with 10 in phase 1 and 10 in phase 2. All but 2 recipients had a congenital absence of the uterus. Eighteen recipients received uteri from living donors and 2 from deceased donors. In phase 1, 50% of recipients had a technically successful uterus transplant, compared to 90% in phase 2. Four recipients with a technical success in phase 1 have delivered 1 or 2 babies, and the fifth recipient with a technical success is >30 weeks pregnant. In phase 2, 2 recipients have delivered healthy babies and 5 are pregnant.

Conclusions:
UTx is a unique type of transplant; whose only true success is a healthy child birth. Based on results presented here, involving refinement of the surgical technique and donor selection process, UTx is now an established solution for absolute uterine-factor infertility.
Urinary cell cycle arrest proteins urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 2 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 predict acute kidney injury after severe trauma: A prospective observational study
Authors: Hatton Gabrielle E. , Wang Yao Wei , Isbell Kayla D. , Finkel Kevin W. , Kao Lillian S. , Wade Charles E. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND
Recognition and clinical diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) after trauma is difficult. The majority of trauma patients do not have a known true baseline creatinine, which makes application of the guidelines set forth by the international guidelines difficult to apply. Use of alternative biomarkers of renal dysfunction in trauma patients may be beneficial. We hypothesized that urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 2 (TIMP-2) × insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) would accurately predict AKI development in severely injured trauma patients.

METHODS
A prospective observational study of adult (≥16 years old) trauma intensive care unit (ICU) patients was performed between September 2018 to March 2019. Urine was collected on ICU admission and was measured for TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7. Univariate, multivariable, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed using the optimal threshold generated by a Youden index.

MAIN RESULTS
Of 88 included patients, 75% were male, with a median injury severity score was 27 (interquartile range [IQR], 17–34), and age of 40 years (IQR, 28–54 years). Early AKI developed in 39 patients (44%), and of those, 7 (8%) required dialysis within 48 hours. Patients without early AKI had a TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7 of 0.17 U (IQR, 0.1–0.3 U), while patients with early AKI had a TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7 of 0.46 U (IQR, 0.17–1.29 U; p < 0.001). On multivariable analyses, TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7 was associated with AKI development (p = 0.02) and need for dialysis (p = 0.03). Using the optimal threshold 0.33 U to predict AKI, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.731, with an accuracy of 0.75, sensitivity of 0.72, and specificity of 0.78.

CONCLUSION
Urinary TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7 measured on ICU admission accurately predicted 48-hour AKI and was independently associated with AKI and dialysis requirement after trauma and is a promising screening tool for treatment.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Prognostic, prospective, observational study, level III.
Clinical Features of Hemodialysis (HD) patients confirmed with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhou Huan , Xiao Xiaofen , Wang Xiaohui , Tan Xianhua , Zhang Xin , He Yong , Li Jing , Yang Guosheng , Li Mingmei , Liu Duan , Han Shanshan , Kuang Haibo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSince December 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) occurred in wuhan, China, and outbreaked rapidly into a global pandemic. This current poses great challenges to hemodialysis (HD) patients.ObjectiveTo make a comprehensive evaluation and comparison between HD patients confirmed with COVID-19 and the general HD patients.MethodsHD patients confirmed with COVID-19 in Wuhan No.5 Hospital were admitted as confirmed group from Jan 10 to Mar 15, 2020. And HD patients not infected in our dialysis center were chosen as control group. General characteristics, laboratory indicators were retrospectively collected, analyzed and compared.ResultsA total of 142 cases were admitted, including 43 cases in confirmed group and 99 in control group. Body mass index (BMI) was slightly lower in confirmed group than that in control group (P=0.011). The proportion of one or less underlying disease in confirmed group(51.16%) was higher than that in control group(14.14%)(P< 0.001), and the proportion of three or more underlying diseases in confirmed group(11.63%) was lower than that in control group(52.53%)(P< 0.001). Patients in confirmed group exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte percentage, but higher neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. There was no significant difference in age, gender, dialysis age, primary disease, the using of ACEI/ARB, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and other indicators between the two groups.ConclusionsFaced with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2), HD patients with lower BMI and hemoglobin were more susceptible to be infected, which might be related to malnutrition. Once confirmed with COVID-19, HD patients expressed obviously dis-regulated of inflammation and immune.
Targeted molecular profiling of rare cell populations identifies olfactory sensory neuron fate and wiring determinants
Authors: Arguello J. Roman , Abuin Liliane , Armida Jan , Mika Kaan , Chai Phing Chian , Benton Richard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDetermining the molecular properties of neurons is essential to understand their development, function and evolution. We used Targeted DamID (TaDa) to characterize RNA polymerase II occupancy and chromatin accessibility in selected Ionotropic Receptor (IR)-expressing sensory neurons in theDrosophilaantenna. Although individual populations represent a minute fraction of cells, TaDa is sufficiently sensitive and specific to identify the expected receptor genes. UniqueIrexpression is not linked to substantial differences in chromatin accessibility, but rather to distinct transcription factor profiles. Heterogeneously-expressed genes across populations are enriched for neurodevelopmental factors, and we identify functions for the POU-domain protein Pdm3 as a genetic switch of Ir neuron fate, and the atypical cadherin Flamingo in segregation of neurons into discrete glomeruli. Together this study reveals the effectiveness of TaDa in profiling rare neural populations, identifies new roles for a transcription factor and a neuronal guidance molecule, and provides valuable datasets for future exploration.
Increased SGK1 activity potentiates mineralocorticoid/NaCl-induced hypertension and kidney injury
Authors: Sierra-Ramos Catalina , Velazquez-Garcia Silvia , Keskus Ayse G. , Vastola-Mascolo Arianna , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Ana E. , Luis-Lima Sergio , Hernández Guadalberto , Navarro-González Juan F. , Porrini Esteban , Konu Ozlen , de la Rosa Diego Alvarez 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) stimulates aldosterone-dependent renal Na+ reabsorption and modulates blood pressure. In addition, genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of SGK1 limits the development of kidney inflammation and fibrosis in response to excess mineralocorticoid signalling. In this work we tested the hypothesis that a systemic increase in SGK1 activity would potentiate mineralocorticoid/salt-induced hypertension and kidney injury. To that end, we used a transgenic mouse model with increased SGK1 activity. Mineralocorticoid/salt-induced hypertension and kidney damage was induced by unilateral nephrectomy and treatment with deoxycorticosterone acetate and NaCl in drinking water for six weeks. Our results demonstrate higher systolic blood pressure in treated transgenic mice when compared to wild type counterparts. Transgenic mice showed a mild increase in glomerular filtration rate, increased albuminuria, exacerbated glomerular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Transcriptomic analysis showed that extracellular matrix and immune response related terms were enriched in the downregulated and upregulated genes, respectively, in transgenic mice. In conclusion, we propose that systemically increased SGK1 activity is a risk factor for the development of mineralocorticoid-dependent hypertension and incipient kidney injury in the context of low renal mass.
Alpha/beta power decreases during episodic memory formation predict the magnitude of alpha/beta power decreases during subsequent retrieval
Authors: Griffiths Benjamin J. , Martín-Buro María Carmen , Staresina Bernhard P. , Hanslmayr Simon , Staudigl Tobias 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEpisodic memory retrieval is characterised by the vivid reinstatement of information about a personally-experienced event. Growing evidence suggests that the reinstatement of such information is supported by reductions in the spectral power of alpha/beta activity. Given that the amount of information that can be recalled depends on the amount of information that was originally encoded, information-based accounts of alpha/beta activity would suggest that retrieval-related alpha/beta power decreases similarly depend upon decreases in alpha/beta power during encoding. To test this hypothesis, seventeen human participants completed a sequence-learning task while undergoing concurrent MEG recordings. Regression-based analyses were then used to estimate how alpha/beta power decreases during encoding predicted alpha/beta power decreases during retrieval, on a trial-by-trial basis. When subjecting these parameter estimates to group-level analysis, we find evidence to suggest that retrieval-related alpha/beta (7-15Hz) power decreases fluctuate as a function of encoding-related alpha/beta power decreases. These results suggest that retrieval-related alpha/beta power decreases are contingent on the decrease in alpha/beta power that arose during encoding. Subsequent analysis uncovered no evidence to suggest that these alpha/beta power decreases reflect stimulus identity, indicating that the contingency between encoding- and retrieval-related alpha/beta power reflects the reinstatement of a neurophysiological operation, rather than neural representation, during episodic memory retrieval.
The RNA helicase DDX5 promotes alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma growth and survival
Authors: Gualtieri Alberto , Licursi Valerio , Mozzetta Chiara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of childhood characterized by the inability to exit the proliferative myoblast-like stage. The alveolar fusion positive subtype (FP-ARMS) is the most aggressive and is mainly caused by the expression of PAX3/7-FOXO1 oncoproteins, which are challenging pharmacological targets. Thus, other therapeutic vulnerabilities resulting from gene expression changes are progressively being recognized. Here, we identified the DEAD box RNA helicase 5 (DDX5) as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit FP-ARMS growth. We show that DDX5 is overexpressed in alveolar RMS cells, demonstrating that its depletion drastically decreases FP-ARMS viability and slows tumor growth in xenograft models. Mechanistically, we provide evidence that DDX5 functions upstream the G9a/AKT survival signalling pathway, by modulating G9a protein stability. Finally, we show that G9a interacts with PAX3-FOXO1 and regulates its activity, thus sustaining FP-ARMS myoblastic state. Together, our findings identify a novel survival-promoting loop in FP-ARMS and highlight DDX5 as potential therapeutic target to arrest rhabdomyosarcoma growth.
Spatial odor discrimination in hawkmoth,Manduca sexta(L.)
Authors: Kalyanasundaram P. , Willis M. A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFlying insects track turbulent odor plumes to find mates, food and egg-laying sites. To maintain contact with the plume, insects are thought to adapt their flight control according to the distribution of odor in the plume using the timing of odor onsets and intervals between odor encounters. Although timing cues are important, few studies have addressed whether insects are capable of deriving spatial information about odor distribution from bilateral comparisons between their antennae in flight. The proboscis extension reflex (PER) associative learning protocol, originally developed to study odor learning in honeybees, was modified to show hawkmoths,Manduca sexta, can discriminate between odor stimuli arriving on either antenna. We show moths discriminated the odor arrival side with an accuracy of >70%. The information about spatial distribution of odor stimuli is thus available to moths searching for odor sources, opening the possibility that they use both spatial and temporal odor information.
A Saudi G6PD Deficient Girl Died with Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome-COVID-19
Authors: Al-Aamri Maryam A. , Al-Khars Fatimah T. , Alkhwaitem Sami J. , AlHassan Abdulaziz K. , Aithan Ali M. Al , Alkhalifa Fatima H. , Al-Abdi Sameer Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReports on pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) temporally related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are increasing. African and Afro-Caribbean children constituted about 37% of the cases in these reports. Although glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is common among this population, the G6PD status of these cases has not been reported. We report the first case of PMIS related to COVID-19 from Saudi Arabia. This case was a Saudi G6PD deficient girl who died with PMIS related to COVID-19. G6PD deficiency induces redox imbalance and exaggerates the inflammatory response; thus, it might contribute to the development or the grave outcome of our case. We urgently need to assess the association between G6PD deficiency and COVID-19 in a large study as the G6PD deficiency may be a useful predictor for the progression of the COVID-19.