bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beliefs towards the COVID-19 pandemic among patients with emotional disorders in China
Authors: Gao Yining , Sun Fei , Jiang Wenwen , Fang Yuan , Yue Ling , Lin Xiang , Li Xia 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has given rise to fear and panic in the public. Although hospitals in China reduced outpatient visits and restricted inpatient admission to lower the risk of transmission of COVID-19, this has significantly affected patients in need of medical attention, for example, patients with emotional disorders.AimsThis study aimed to compare the beliefs towards COVID-19 among outpatients with emotional disorders (ie, anxiety or depression) with those of family caregivers and the general public and examine factors that shape the beliefs towards COVID-19 among outpatients with emotional disorders.MethodsSurvey data from 570 outpatients with anxiety or depression disorders, 449 family caregivers and 470 general public subjects were collected. Multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to describe participants’ level of concern, prevention attitude and positive expectations towards the COVID-19 outbreak.ResultsAbout 70.9% of outpatients had to postpone their mental health treatment; 43.2% of patients admitted that their mental health was adversely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak—these patients tended to be older, male and less educated. After controlling for age and education level, outpatients with emotional disorders had significantly lower levels of concerns but more negative expectations towards COVID-19, compared with family caregivers and the public. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that age, education and the perception of the impact of COVID-19 on one’s existing mental illness were significantly associated with outpatients’ beliefs about the epidemic.ConclusionOutpatients with anxiety or depression disorders were relatively less focused on the COVID-19 outbreak, but the impact of the infection was found to be independently associated with their beliefs towards COVID-19. In addition, outpatients who were older and of low educational levels particularly held more negative beliefs about the epidemic, which may place them at a higher risk for poor mental health.
Restoration of antitumor immunity through anti-MICA antibodies elicited with a chimeric protein
Authors: Torres Nicolas , Regge María Victoria , Secchiari Florencia , Friedrich Adrián David , Spallanzani Raúl Germán , Raffo Iraolagoitia Ximena Lucía , Núñez Sol Yanel , Sierra Jessica Mariel , Ziblat Andrea , Santilli María Cecilia , Gilio Nicolás , Almada Evangelina , Lauche Constanza , Pardo Romina , Domaica Carolina Inés , Fuertes Mercedes Beatriz , Madauss Kevin Patrick , Hance Kenneth W , Gloger Israel S , Zylberman Vanesa , Goldbaum Fernando Alberto , Zwirner Norberto Walter 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundNatural killer and cytotoxic CD8+T cells are major players during antitumor immunity. They express NKG2D, an activating receptor that promotes tumor elimination through recognition of the MHC class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA and MICB). Both molecules are overexpressed on a great variety of tumors from different tissues, making them attractive targets for immunotherapy. However, tumors shed MICA and MICB, and the soluble forms of both (sMICA and sMICB) mediate tumor-immune escape. Some reports indicate that anti-MICA antibodies (Ab) can promote the restoration of antitumor immunity through the induction of direct antitumor effects (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC) and scavenging of sMICA. Therefore, we reasoned that an active induction of anti-MICA Ab with an immunogenic protein might represent a novel therapeutic and prophylactic alternative to restore antitumor immunity.MethodsWe generated a highly immunogenic chimeric protein (BLS-MICA) consisting of human MICA fused to the lumazine synthase fromBrucellaspp (BLS) and used it to generate anti-MICA polyclonal Ab (pAb) and to investigate if these anti-MICA Ab can reinstate antitumor immunity in mice using two different mouse tumors engineered to express MICA. We also explored the underlying mechanisms of this expected therapeutic effect.ResultsImmunization with BLS-MICA and administration of anti-MICA pAb elicited by BLS-MICA significantly delayed the growth of MICA-expressing mouse tumors but not of control tumors. The therapeutic effect of immunization with BLS-MICA included scavenging of sMICA and the anti-MICA Ab-mediated ADCC, promoting heightened intratumoral M1/proinflammatory macrophage and antigen-experienced CD8+T cell recruitment.ConclusionsImmunization with the chimeric protein BLS-MICA constitutes a useful way to actively induce therapeutic anti-MICA pAb that resulted in a reprogramming of the antitumor immune response towards an antitumoral/proinflammatory phenotype. Hence, the BLS-MICA chimeric protein constitutes a novel antitumor vaccine of potential application in patients with MICA-expressing tumors.
Efficient modeling of higher-order dependencies in networks: from algorithm to application for anomaly detection
Authors: Saebi Mandana , Xu Jian , Kaplan Lance M. , Ribeiro Bruno , Chawla Nitesh V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractComplex systems, represented as dynamic networks, comprise of components that influence each other via direct and/or indirect interactions. Recent research has shown the importance of using Higher-Order Networks (HONs) for modeling and analyzing such complex systems, as the typical Markovian assumption in developing the First Order Network (FON) can be limiting. This higher-order network representation not only creates a more accurate representation of the underlying complex system, but also leads to more accurate network analysis. In this paper, we first present a scalable and accurate model, , for higher-order network representation of data derived from a complex system with various orders of dependencies. Then, we show that this higher-order network representation modeled by is significantly more accurate in identifying anomalies than FON, demonstrating a need for the higher-order network representation and modeling of complex systems for deriving meaningful conclusions.
The Environmental Intention of Owner-Managers: The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in Tunisian Industry
Authors: Tounés Azzedine , Tornikoski Erno T. , Gribaâ Fafani 
Published: June 2020

Environmental intention is a key predictor of environmental behavior but there is little theoretical and empirical evidence on environmental intention, especially in developing countries. To address this gap, we study the environmental intention of industrial owner-managers in Tunisia. Based on Tunisia’s participation in sustainable development programs of the United Nations, it seems to be representative of developing countries. We study the environmental intention of owner-managers through a multidimensional concept rarely mobilized in the environmental field, namely, entrepreneurial orientation. We test our hypotheses in the textile-clothing industry, which is the source of significant amounts of water and air pollution and is among the priority industries designated by the Tunisian state as part of an environmental improvement program in 2014.Based on a survey of 226 owner-managers, the results show that the three dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, namely, innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking, are robust to predict the environmental intention of Tunisian owner-managers.
Ontology-based Document Spanning Systems for Information Extraction
Authors: Lembo Domenico , Scafoglieri Federico Maria 
Published: June 2020

Information Extraction (IE) is the task of automatically organizing in a structured form data extracted from free text documents. In several contexts, it is often desirable that the extracted data are then organized according to an ontology, which provides a formal and conceptual representation of the domain of interest. Ontologies allow for a better data interpretation, as well as for their semantic integration with other information, as in Ontology-based Data Access (OBDA), a popular declarative framework for data management where an ontology is connected to a data layer through mappings. However, the data layer considered so far in OBDA has consisted essentially of relational databases, and how to declaratively couple an ontology with unstructured data sources is still unexplored. By leveraging the recent study on document spanners for rule-based IE by Fagin et al., in this paper, we propose a new framework that allows to map text documents to ontologies, in the spirit of OBDA. We investigate the problem of answering conjunctive queries in this framework. For ontologies specified in the Description Logics [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we show that the problem is polynomial in the size of the underlying documents. We also provide algorithms to solve query answering by rewriting the input query on the basis of the ontology and its mapping toward the source documents. Through these techniques, we pursue a virtual approach, similar to that typically adopted in OBDA, which allows us to answer a query without having to first populate the entire ontology. Interestingly, for [Formula: see text], both the spanners used in the mapping and the one computed by the rewriting algorithm belong to the same class of expressiveness. This holds also for [Formula: see text], modulo some limitations on the form of the mapping. These results say that in these cases our framework can be easily implemented by decoupling ontology management and document access, which can be delegated to an external IE system able to process the extraction rules we use in the mapping.
Chapter 12 Subsidence – chalk mining
Authors: Edmonds Clive N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Old chalk and flint mine workings occur widely across southern and eastern England. Over 3500 mines are recorded in the national Stantec Mining Cavities Database and more are being discovered each year. The oldest flint mines date from the Neolithic period and oldest chalk mines from at least medieval times, possibly Roman times. The most intensive period for mining was during the 1800s, although some mining activities continued into the 1900s. The size, shape and extent of the mines vary considerably with some types only being found in particular areas. They range from crudely excavated bellpits to more extensive pillar-and-stall styles of mining. The mines were created for a series of industrial, building and agricultural purposes. Mining locations were not formally recorded so most are discovered following the collapse of the ground over poorly backfilled shafts and adits. The subsidence activity, often triggered by heavy rainfall or leaking water services, poses a hazard to the built environment and people. Purpose-designed ground investigations are needed to map out the mine workings and carry out follow-on ground stabilization after subsidence events. Where mine workings can be safely entered they can sometimes be stabilized by reinforcement rather than infilling.
Chapter 8 Swelling and shrinking soils
Authors: Jones Lee , Banks Vanessa , Jefferson Ian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Swelling and shrinking soils are soils that can experience large changes in volume due to changes in water content. This may be due to seasonal changes in moisture content, local site changes such as leakage from water supply pipes or drains, changes to surface drainage and landscaping, or following the planting, removal or severe pruning of trees or hedges. These soils represent a significant hazard to structural engineers across the world due to their shrink–swell behaviour, with the cost of mitigation alone running into several billion pounds annually. These soils usually contain some form of clay mineral, such as smectite or vermiculite, and can be found in humid and arid/semi-arid environments where their expansive nature can cause significant damage to properties and infrastructure. This chapter discusses the properties and costs associated with shrink–swell soils, their formation and distribution throughout the UK and the rest of the world, and their geological and geotechnical characterization. It also considers the mechanisms of shrink-swell soils and their behaviour, reviewing strategies for managing them in an engineering context, before finally outlining the problem of trees and shrink–swell soils.
Avifauna of the region of the Volta Grande Hydroelectric Power Plant in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Mafia Pedro De Oliveira , Azevedo Cristiano Schetini de 
Published: June 2020

The Volta Grande region in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais is classified as of “High Biological Importance” for the conservation of birds in the state. Despite this, the avifauna of the region has yet to be adequately sampled, as evidenced by the few papers on the region in ornithological literature. The results of an avifaunal inventory conducted between March 2013 and January 2014 in five sites located throughout the region of the Volta Grande Hydroelectric Power Plant in Southeast Brazil are presented. Point-counts, ad libitum observations and mist-nets recorded 224 species for the region, with insectivorous and omnivorous being the predominant feeding habits. Species that are “independent” of forest habitats comprised 52% of the recorded species. Three species are endemics of the Cerrado, 83 are migratory and 32 are under some degree of threat of extinction. These findings demonstrate that the region of the Volta Grande Hydroelectric Power Plant is important for bird conservation. Additional inventories, adequate management plans and public policies aimed the preserving species are needed for more effective conservation of the biodiversity of the studied region.
New and additional records of Metharpinia Schellenberg, 1931 and Microphoxus Barnard, 1960 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Phoxocephalidae) from Brazilian waters
Authors: Andrade Luiz F. , Senna André R. 
Published: June 2020

New records of the species Metharpinia dentiurosoma Alonso de Pina, 2003, M. grandirama Alonso de Pina, 2003, M. iado Alonso de Pina, 2003, Microphoxus cornutus (Schellenberg, 1931) and Mi. uroserratus Bustamante, 2002 are reported for Brazilian waters. A discussion about the Metharpinia-Microphoxus complex is presented based on literature review and new observations of sampled species. Emended diagnoses are presented for the recorded species of Metharpinia and identification keys to world species of Metharpinia and Microphoxus are provided.
Dispute Settlement Mechanisms in African Regional Economic Communities: Lessons and New Developments
Authors: Bore Obert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
African regional trade agreements often provide for dispute settlement mechanisms and procedures that should be followed. They also establish judicial bodies or tribunals for the respective African Regional Economic Communities. Despite the existence of judicial bodies, African governments do not usually litigate against each other on trade-related disputes. However, the few cases adjudicated by the regional judicial bodies are insightful of how contemporary trade disputes shape the development of community law. With reference to case law, this article presents lessons from regional judicial bodies. Notwithstanding the lessons learnt, there are challenges too. In response to the challenges, new developments on the continent, adopted through the African Continental Free Trade Area signal a move towards respecting rules-based trade through ensuring legal predictability and certainty for trade dispute settlement. Thus, this article will also provide a detailed analysis of the dispute settlement mechanism under the African Continental Free Trade Area, a system akin to World Trade Organisation.
Taxonomy of Iranian Gonatopodinae (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae), with description of a new species
Authors: DERAFSHAN HOSSEIN ALI , OLMI MASSIMO , RAKHSHANI EHSAN 
Published: June 2020

Gonatopodinae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Dryinidae) of Iran, were taxonomically reviewed. A recent sampling in South-Eastern Iran has led to the identification of eight species belonging to three different genera, Echthrodelphax Perkins (one species), Gonatopus Ljungh (six species), and Haplogonatopus Perkins (one species). A new species, Gonatopus opsiicida Rakhshani & Olmi sp. nov. is described and Illustrated. It was found in association with leafhoppers on Tamarix stricta Boiss., in Hamoon international wetlands (Sistan, Iran). Two species, E. tauricus Ponomarenko and G. lunatus Klug, are recorded for the first time from Iran A description was also provided for the previously recorded species. The key for identification and distribution maps are also provided for the known species of Gonatopodinae in Iran.
Taste and Smell Impairment in COVID‐19: An AAO‐HNS Anosmia Reporting Tool‐Based Comparative Study
Authors: Sayin İbrahim , Yaşar Kadriye Kart , Yazici Zahide Mine 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo identify the taste and smell impairment in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)–positive subjects and compare the findings with COVID‐19–negative subjects using the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNS) Anosmia Reporting Tool.SettingTertiary referral center/COVID‐19 pandemic hospital.Study DesignComparative study.Subjects and MethodsAfter power analysis, 128 subjects were divided into 2 groups according to real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) COVID‐19 testing results. Subjects were called via telephone, and the AAO‐HNS Anosmia Reporting Tool was used to collect responses.ResultsThe mean age of the study group was 38.63 ± 10.08 years. At the time of sampling, rhinorrhea was significantly high in the COVID‐19–negative group, whereas those complaints described as “other” were significantly high in the COVID‐19–positive group. There was a significant difference in the smell/taste impairment rates of the groups (n = 46% [71.9%] for the COVID‐19–positive group vs n = 17 [26.6%] for the COVID‐19–negative group, P =. 001). For subjects with a smell impairment, anosmia rates did not differ between the groups. The rates of hyposmia and parosmia were significantly high in the COVID‐19–positive group. For the subjects with taste impairment, ageusia rates did not differ between groups. The rate of hypogeusia and dysgeusia was significantly high in the COVID‐19–positive group. Logistic regression analysis indicates that smell/taste impairment in COVID‐19–positive subjects increases the odds ratio by 6.956 (95% CI, 3.16‐15.29) times.ConclusionCOVID‐19–positive subjects are strongly associated with smell/taste impairment.
Revaluation of Otolaryngologic Procedures With 10‐ and 90‐Day Global Periods in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule
Authors: Rathi Vinay K. , Miller Ashley L. , Patel Urjeet A. , Varvares Mark A. , Bergmark Regan W. , Xiao Roy , Naunheim Matthew R. 
Published: June 2020

A recent investigation by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) suggests that physicians provide fewer postoperative visits (POVs) than expected for procedures with 10‐ and 90‐day global periods. CMS is now contemplating revaluation of these procedures, which could result in lower Medicare payments to otolaryngologists. To estimate the impact of such reform on otolaryngologic procedures, we conducted a secondary subgroup analysis of CMS‐contracted research, which used claims‐based estimates of POVs to revalue procedures with 10‐ and 90‐day global periods. Among the top 10 highest volume procedures performed in 2018, the proportion of median physician‐reported to CMS‐expected POVs ranged between 0.0% (myringotomy ± ventilation tube insertion, mouth biopsy, and complex wound repair) and 40.0% (total thyroidectomy). The top 5 procedures accounted for nearly three‐quarters ($6.2 million and $8.6 million; 72.6%) of the estimated Medicare payment reduction. Further study is necessary to guide the development of equitable and effective payment reform.
Reconsidering Reciprocal Length Patterns of the Anteromedial and Posterolateral Bundles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament During In Vivo Gait
Authors: Englander Zoë A. , Wittstein Jocelyn R. , Goode Adam P. , Garrett William E. , DeFrate Louis E. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Some cadaveric studies have indicated that the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) consists of anteromedial and posterolateral bundles that display reciprocal function with regard to knee flexion. However, several in vivo imaging studies have suggested that these bundles elongate in parallel with regard to flexion. Furthermore, the most appropriate description of the functional anatomy of the ACL is still debated, with the ACL being described as consisting of 2 or 3 bundles or as a continuum of fibers. Hypothesis: As long as their origination and termination locations are defined within the ACL attachment site footprints, ACL bundles elongate in parallel with knee extension during gait. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: High-speed biplanar radiographs of the right knee joint were obtained during gait in 6 healthy male participants (mean ± SD: body mass index, 25.5 ± 1.2 kg/m2; age, 29.2 ± 3.8 years) with no history of lower extremity injury or surgery. Three-dimensional models of the right femur, tibia, and ACL attachment sites were created from magnetic resonance images. The bone models were registered to the biplanar radiographs, thereby reproducing the in vivo positions of the knee joint. For each knee position, the distances between the centroids of the ACL attachment sites were used to represent ACL length. The lengths of 1000 virtual bundles were measured for each participant by randomly sampling locations on the attachment site surfaces and measuring the distances between each pair of locations. Spearman rho rank correlations were performed between the virtual bundle lengths and ACL length. Results: The virtual bundle lengths were highly correlated with the length of the ACL, defined as the distance between the centroids of the attachment sites (rho = 0.91 ± 0.1, across participants; P < 5 × 10-5). The lengths of the bundles that originated and terminated in the anterior and medial aspects of the ACL were positively correlated (rho = 0.81 ± 0.1; P < 5 × 10-5) with the lengths of the bundles that originated and terminated in the posterior and lateral aspects of the ACL. Conclusion: As long as their origination and termination points are specified within the footprint of the attachment sites, ACL bundles elongate in parallel as the knee is extended. Clinical Relevance: These data elucidate ACL functional anatomy and may help guide ACL reconstruction techniques.